bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
EVOLUTION OF OUTSOURCING RELATIONS IN THE OIL & GAS INDUSTRY OF RUSSIA
Authors: Stapran D. A. 
Published: October 2018

Purpose:thepurposeofthisarticleistostudytheevolutionofoil&gasserviceoutsourcing,todeterminetrendsandfactorsthatdefinethesetrends.Thearticlealsoteststhemethodologyof“fiveforcesofoutsourcing”modelformulatedbytheauthor.Methods:anumberoffactors,whichconstitutethe“fiveforcesofoutsourcing”model,proposedbytheauthor,influencesoutsourcing.Theelementsofthemodelaretransactioncosts,competitiveadvantages,trustandcommitment,levelofeconomicdevelopmentandthe“sourcingcycle”.Thearticleusesextensiveamountofcompanydataandmarketresearch,containsassessmentofthemarketvolumeandprospectsofitsgrowth.Results:oil&gasservicesarethemostdynamictypeofoutsourcingintheoil&gasindustry.Thearticleanalysestheevolutionofoil&gasservicesoutsourcingforthepast20yearsthroughthelensesofthe“fiveforces”methodology.ThistypeofoutsourcingfirstemergedwhentheRussianeconomyturnedtomarketeconomy.Itstartedfromthe“groundzero”point,evolved,maturedandfinallybecameanindispensablepartoftheoil&gasindustrynowadays.Atthesametimetheoil&gasindustryreimagineditsvaluechain,havingconcentratedonitscompetitiveadvantagesandtransferredservicebusinessprocessestooutsourcingproviders.Themarketofoil&gasservicesoutsourcingpassedthetestwhenanattempttocreateastatemonopolyinthisfieldfailedduetothematurityofthemarket.Conclusionsandrelevance:thetaskofincreasingeficiencyoftheoil&gasindustryinRussiaisparamountespeciallytakingintoaccountthedecreaseinoilprices.Outsourcingis,undoubtedly,oneofthemeansofachievingsucheficiency.Itsvolumeswillkeepgrowing.Yetsomecompanieswillcontinuetotesttheeffectivenessofinsourcingoperations.Theanalysisalsoconfirmesthevalidityofthe“fiveforces”methodologyaswellasthe“sourcingcycle”theory.
TENSÃO DE ÁGUA NO SOLO PARA O REINÍCIO DA IRRIGAÇÃO DE MILHO VERDE NO SEMIÁRIDO
Authors: ASPIAZÚ IGNACIO , DA SILVA FERNANDO GOMES , OLIVEIRA RENATO MENDES , DE JESUS SILVA KAREN MARCELLE , DOS SANTOS SILVÂNIO RODRIGUES , PORTUGAL ARLEY FIGUEIREDO , MOREIRA JOSÉ ALOÍSIO ALVES , BRITO ORLANDO GONÇALVES , DA SILVA NATANAEL PEREIRA 
Published: October 2018

RESUMO O objetivo deste trabalho foi determinar em campo a tensão de água do solo adequada para o reinício da irrigação do milho verde no semiárido. O experimento constou de seis valores de tensão matricial da água do solo (20 kPa, 40 kPa, 60 kPa, 80 kPa, 100 kPa e 120 kPa) testadas em uma cultivar de milho, o hibrido duplo AG 1051. O experimento foi instalado no período de inverno de 2013, nos meses de agosto a novembro, num delineamento experimental de blocos casualizados (DBC), com quatro repetições, conduzidos na fazenda experimental da Embrapa Milho e Sorgo em Nova Porteirinha, MG. Foram avaliadas as variáveis: produtividade de espigas sem palha (t ha-1), número de espigas totais e comerciais por hectare, comprimento de espigas com palha e sem palha e diâmetro de espigas comerciais. Dentre os resultados pode-se constatar que os maiores valores para as variáveis de morfologia e de produtividade foram obtidos quando a irrigação foi efetuada com tensão próxima de 50 kPa, tornando-a a tensão mais adequada para o uso racional da água no manejo da irrigação do milho verde.Palavras-chave: Zea mays L., déficit hídrico, manejo da irrigação, resistência elétrica. SOIL WATER TENSION FOR REWATERING GREEN CORN IN THE SEMIARID ABSTRACT _ The objective of this work was to determine the adequate water tension for rewatering green corn at field conditions in the semiarid. The experiment consisted of six values of matric soil water tension (20 kPa, 40 kPa, 60 kPa, 80 kPa, 100 kPa and 120 kPa) and one maize cultivar, the double hybrid AG1051. The experiment was installed in the 2013 winter season, from August to November, in a randomized blocks design (DBC), with four replicates, and conducted at the experimental farm belonging to Embrapa Maize and Sorghum in Nova Porteirinha, MG. Morphological parameters were evaluated such as plant height, leaf area index and dry mass, and also the yield parameters such as weight of spikes with straw and without straw (t ha-1), number of total and commercial spikes per hectare, diameter of commercial spikes and length of commercial spikes with and without straw. The highest values for the morphology and productivity variables were obtained when irrigation was carried out with a tension close to 50 kPa, which proved to be the most suitable tension for the rational use of water in the irrigation management of green corn.Keywords: Zea mays L., water deficit, irrigation management, electrical resistance.
AVALIAÇÃO DE LINHAGENS S3 DE MILHO EM CRUZAMENTO TOPCROSS EM DOIS ESPAÇAMENTOS ENTRE LINHAS
Authors: GABRIEL ANDRÉ , FARIA MARCOS VENTURA , MENDES MARCELO CRUZ , GAVA EMANUEL , ZALUSKI WELTON LUIZ , POSSATTO JÚNIOR OMAR , CESCON LARISSA KRIZONOSKI 
Published: October 2018

RESUMO – A utilização de híbridos comerciais é uma opção para gerar populações-base para obter novas linhagens superiores. Portanto, objetivou-se com a pesquisa selecionar linhagens S3 superiores para produtividade de grãos, avaliadas em dois espaçamentos, para ser avançadas no processo de endogamia. Para isso, foram avaliados 75 híbridos topcrosses juntamente com seis híbridos comerciais (DKB245 PRO2, P30F53 H, P30B39 H, AS1572, DKB315 PRO e SG6030 PRO). Foi utilizado o delineamento látice triplo 9x9 para avaliação de florescimento masculino (FM), altura de planta (AP), altura de espiga (AE), prolificidade (PR) e produtividade de grãos (PG). Houve diferença significativa entre genótipos para todas as características avaliadas, interação genótipo x espaçamento para a PG e AE. Não foi constatada diferença significativa para espaçamento entre linhas. Os híbridos topcrosses TC102-05, TC102-06, TC102-15, TC102-16, TC102-17, TC102-21 e TC102-24 se destacaram nos dois espaçamentos entre linhas, aliando características de produtividade de grãos, estatura e ciclo precoce, cujas respectivas linhagens deverão ser avançadas no processo de endogamia.Palavras-chave: Zea mays L., testador, linhagens parcialmente endogâmicas. EVALUATION OF S3 MAIZE LINES TOPCROSSED IN TWO ROW SPACINGS ABSTRACT – The use of commercial hybrids is an option to generate base populations for obtaining new superior lines. The objective of this study was to select S3 lines superior for grain yield, evaluated in two row spacings, to be advanced in the process of inbreeding. For this, 75 topcross hybrids were evaluated along with six commercial hybrids (DKB245 PRO2, P30F53 H, P30B39 H, AS1572, DKB315 PRO and SG6030 PRO). The 9x9 triple lattice design was used.to evaluate the agronomic traits of male flowering (MF), plant height (PH), ear heigth (EH), prolificacy (PR) and grain yield (GY). There was a significant difference between genotype for all traits evaluated, interaction genotype x spacing for EH and GY. No significant difference was observed for line spacing. The topcross hybrids TC102- 05, TC102-06, TC102-15, TC102-16, TC102-17, TC102-21 and TC102-24 were superior in the two row spacings, combining the characters of grain yield, stature and early cycle, whose lines should be advanced in the process of endogamy.Keywords: Zea mays L., tester, partially inbred lines.
Ciudadanía, política e identidad nacional en Uruguay: algunos bosquejos genealógicos = Citizenship, politics and National identity in Uruguay: some genealogical sketches
Authors: Gallardo Javier 
Published: October 2018

Resumen: Este artículo reconstruye algunos discursos fundacionales de una autocomprensión ciudadana de la identidad nacional en el Uruguay, relevando dos momentos representativos del ideario y el lenguaje político sobre la ciudadanía uruguaya y su ascendiente en las trayectorias políticas del país. Uno de ellos, identificado con el componente político de una ciudadanía monolítica o escindida de la sociedad, informado por un vacío identitario originario y por el imaginario de un autogobierno republicano. El otro, animado por diversos discursos que, a propósito de la integración política de los extranjeros, vendrán a privilegiar los atributos sociales o culturales de los ciudadanos y sus aptitudes para reproducir un orden político estable, dando así un nuevo giro estandarizado a las identidades ciudadanas. Si bien estas reconstrucciones genealógicas permiten apreciar las conexiones conceptuales de estos lenguajes con las teorías convencionales de la ciudadanía también dejan entrever algunos persistentes déficits en la autoidentificación pluralista y democrática de la política uruguaya.Palabras clave: Ciudadanía, república, nación, democracia, inmigración.Abstract: This paper reconstructs some of the foundational discourses of a citizen's self-understanding view of the national identity in Uruguay, revealing two representative moments of the set of ideas and the political language about the Uruguayan citizenship and its ascendancy in the political trajectories of the country. One of them, identified with the political component of a monolithic citizenship or rifted from society, informed by an original identity gap and by the imaginary of a republican self-government. The other, animated by various speeches that, regarding to the political integration of foreigners, will come to privilege the social or cultural attributes of citizens and their aptitudes to reproduce a stable political order, thus giving a new standardized turn to citizen identities. Although these genealogical reconstructions make it possible to appreciate the conceptual connections of these languages with the conventional theories of citizenship, they also reveal some persistent deficits in the pluralistic and democratic self-identification of Uruguayan politics.Keywords: Citizenship, republic, nation, democracy, immigration.
Solidaridad = Solidarity
Authors: Aramayo Roberto R. 
Published: October 2018

ResumenAquí se quiere adscribir la solidaridad a una compleja constelación conceptual donde nos encontraríamos con términos tales como altruismo, compasión, empatía, fraternidad o incluso filantropía, pero procuraría rehuir lo implicado por palabras como beneficencia, caridad, lástima, misericordia o piedad. Sucesora de cuanto simbolizaba la fraternidad, la solidaridad no puede cotizarse demasiado en un contexto donde priman los valores del homo economicus y por eso conviene revisitarla desde los valores enarbolados por la Ilustración. De ahí que se repasen los conceptos kantianos de autonomía e independencia, junto a las reflexiones de Rousseau en torno a la desigualdad, para reivindicar una interdependencia que no peque de aporofobia y cultive la insolidaridad en lugar de una imprescindible justicia social. Palabras clave: Solidaridad, fraternidad, autonomía, interdependencia, desigualdad, aporofobia, justicia social, Kant, Rousseau, Doménech, Muguerza. Abstract: The aim here is to address the ascription of solidarity to a complex conceptual constellation in which could be found such terms as altruism, compassion, empathy, fraternity, or even philantropy, trying to avoid at the same time what is implied by other words like benevolence, charity, pity, mercy or piety. Being a successor of everything symbolizing fraternity, solidarity itself cannot be enough in demand in a context where values related to the homo oeconomicus come first. That would be more the reason to revisit solidarity from the vantage point posed by enlightened values. Thus, going over Kantian concepts like autonomy and independence, joined those by Rousseau’s reflections on inequality, both seem to claim for an interdependence not tainted by aporophobia or promoting the lack of solidarity, but instead by the indispensable social justice.Keywords: Solidarity, fraternity, autonomy, interdependence, inequality, aporophobia, social justice, Kant, Rousseau, Doménech, Muguerza.
¿Un caso bagatela? En defensa del recurso de amparo = A bagatelle case? In defence of the individual appeal for protection to the constitutional court
Authors: Prada García Aurelio de 
Published: October 2018

Resumen: El recurso de amparo, -un instrumento básico para la defensa de los derechos y libertades fundamentales de los ciudadanos-, precisaría, paradójicamente, de defensa ante las reformas que ha sufrido o que le amenazan e incluso, presuntamente, ante la actuación del propio Tribunal Constitucional. En este trabajo, a partir de un caso concreto, se apuntan algunas reformas que, en nuestra opinión, harían de dicho recurso un instrumento realmente efectivo.Palabras clave: Derechos y libertades fundamentales, recurso de amparo, amparo objetivo, derecho a la tutela judicial efectiva, Tribunal Constitucional. Abstract: The individual appeal for protection to the Constitutional Court , -a basic tool in order to defend the fundamental rights and liberties-, would need, paradoxically, to be defended from the amendments which has suffered or threaten it and, allegedly, even from the very action of the Constitutional Court. In this work we analyze a case and point out some amendments that, in our opinion, would make that basic tool truly effective.Keywords: Fundamental rights and liberties, individual appeal for protection to the Constitutional Court, objective individual appeal, right to obtain effective protection from the judges and the courts, Constitutional Court.
Terrorismo individual = Individual terrorism
Authors: Coteño Muñoz Alejandro 
Published: October 2018

Resumen: Los atentados perpetrados por actores solitarios en los últimos años han despertado el interés del legislador por la figura del terrorismo individual. No obstante, aunque este se regula en las últimas reformas penales, no se ha dispuesto una definición del mismo en términos positivos, sino que ésta únicamente se dispone en términos negativos con respecto al terrorismo colectivo. Así las cosas, en este trabajo se delinean los criterios para determinar cuándo un acto de terrorismo entra dentro del terrorismo individual y se aplican estas herramientas en tres casos paradigmáticos de lo generalmente conocido como “lobo solitario”. Por último, se aportan tres clasificaciones diferentes del terrorista individual a fin de apuntalar una base sólida que permita una aproximación a sus distintos niveles de peligrosidad criminal.Palabras clave: Terrorismo individual, organización terrorista, grupo terrorista, lobos solitarios, pertenencia.Abstract: The attacks perpetrated on recent years by lone actors have aroused the interest of the lawmaker for the concept of individual terrorism. However, although it has been regulated in the last criminal reforms, a definition of it has not been positivized, a definition of it has not been provided in positive terms, but only in negative terms regarding collective terrorism. In this context, this study outlines the criteria to determine when an act of terrorism falls into individual terrorism and these tools are applied to three paradigmatic cases of what is generally known as lone wolves. Finally, three different classifications of the individual terrorist are provided to underpin a solid basis for an approach to their different levels of criminal dangerousness.Keywords: Individual terrorism, terrorist organization, terrorist group, lone wolves, membership.
Modelling and static analysis of the alar cast partial with regard to the base elasticity
Authors: Kuchta Marek , Jadczak Kamila , Białek Rafał , Paś Jacek 
Published: October 2018

The paper presents an analysis of a unilateral cast partial denture supported by the gum soft tissue with the use of the Finite Element Method (FEM) [1, 2]. In the previous considerations in the papers [3, 4], the analysis of the denture is carried out for the case, in which a movable wing is not supported, while in real conditions, the denture is placed on the elastic base of the palate soft tissues. However, the model of the elastic support, proposed in the paper [5, 6], was used only for the analysis of the bilateral cast partial denture. In the following paper, this model was used for the static analysis of the unilateral alar cast partial [7].
Emulsification liquid–liquid microextraction method based on a deep eutectic solvent for separation and preconcentration of lead from environmental water samples
Authors: Karadaş Cennet , Kara Derya 
Published: October 2018

Abstract
In this paper, a novel emulsification liquid–liquid microextraction method based on deep eutectic solvents (DESs) for the preconcentration of lead from water samples and its determination by flame atomic absorption spectrometry is described. Purpurin was used as complexing ligand and the Pb(II)-purpurin complexes were extracted and preconcentrated from the aqueous phase using a choline chloride/2-chlorophenol (at a 1:2 molar ratio) based DES as a water-miscible extraction solvent and tetrahydrofuran as an emulsifier solvent. Some analytical parameters affecting the extraction yield were investigated and optimized. Using a 20 mL aqueous sample, the limit of detection and preconcentration factor of the method were 5.93 μg L−1 and 20, respectively. The accuracy of the method was assessed through the analysis of certified reference surface water (SPS-SW2 Batch 127) and spiked water samples. The certified and obtained values were statistically in good agreement at 95% confidence level. The recovery values of spiked water samples were between 102% and 105%.
New Trypanosoma cruzi Trypanothione Reductase Inhibitors Identification using the Virtual Screening in Database of Nucleus Bioassay, Biosynthesis and Ecophysiology (NuBBE)
Authors: do Carmo Santos Nelcí , da Paixão Vinícius G. , da Rocha Pita Samuel S. 
Published: October 2018

Background:
American trypanosomiasis, also known as Chagas disease, is caused by
the protozoan Trypanosoma cruzi (T. cruzi) and affects approximately 10 to 12 million, primarily
in Latin America. Since its discovery in 1909, there is no effective treatment for its chronic phase,
with benzonidazole being the only anti-trypanosoma drug used in Brazil, despite the absence of
conclusive evidence to prove its efficacy and safety. Thus, it is necessary to develop new drugs that
are more effective and selective against Trypanosoma cruzi.

Methods:
The T. cruzi enzyme Trypanothione Reductase (TcTR) is a validated target for the discovery
of new antiprotozoal compounds and we employed the Virtual Screening technique on the
database of Nucleus of Bioassays, Biosynthesis and Ecophysiology (NuBBE), aiming to search for
new chemical moieties against T. cruzi. From these we selected the 10 best ligand energies interactions
and verified their interaction profile with the main TcTR sites through the AuPosSOM server
(https://www.biomedicale.univ-paris5.fr/aupossom).

Results and Conclusion:
Finally, we analyzed some pharmacokinetics and toxicological information
through the servers Aggregator Advisor (http://advisor.bkslab.org), Pred-hERG 4.0
(http://labmol.com.br/predherg) and pkCSM (http://biosig.unimelb.edu.au/pkcsm/prediction) which
we expect will be useful in in vitro preclinical trials.</P>
Transcription Factor 7-Like 2 (TCF7L2) Gene Polymorphism and Progression From Single to Multiple Autoantibody Positivity in Individuals at Risk for Type 1 Diabetes
Authors: Redondo Maria J. , Steck Andrea K. , Sosenko Jay , Anderson Mark , Antinozzi Peter , Michels Aaron , Wentworth John M. , Atkinson Mark A. , Pugliese Alberto , Geyer Susan ,   the Type 1 Diabetes TrialNet Study Group
Published: October 2018

OBJECTIVE
The type 2 diabetes–associated alleles at the TCF7L2 locus mark a type 1 diabetes phenotype characterized by single islet autoantibody positivity as well as lower glucose and higher C-peptide measures. Here, we studied whether the TCF7L2 locus influences progression of islet autoimmunity, from single to multiple (≥2) autoantibody positivity, in relatives of patients with type 1 diabetes.

RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS
We evaluated 244 participants in the Type 1 Diabetes TrialNet Pathway to Prevention study with confirmed single autoantibody positivity at screening and Immunochip single nucleotide polymorphism data (47.5% male; median age 12.8 years, range 1.2–45.9; 90.2% white). We analyzed risk allele frequency at TCF7L2 rs4506565 (in linkage disequilibrium with rs7903146). Altogether, 62.6% participants carried ≥1 risk allele. Univariate and multivariable Cox proportional hazards models and Kaplan-Meier statistical methods were used.

RESULTS
During follow-up (median 5.2 years, range 0.2–12.6), 62% of the single autoantibody–positive participants developed multiple autoantibody positivity. In the overall cohort, the TCF7L2 locus did not significantly predict progression to multiple autoantibody positivity. However, among single GAD65 autoantibody–positive participants (n = 158), those who carried ≥1 risk allele had a lower rate of progression to multiple autoantibody positivity (hazard ratio [HR] 0.65, P = 0.033) than those who did not, after adjustment for HLA risk haplotypes and age. Among subjects who were either IA-2 or insulin autoantibody positive only, carrying ≥1 TCF7L2 risk allele was not a significant factor overall, but in overweight or obese participants, it increased the risk of progression to multiple autoantibody positivity (HR 3.02, P = 0.016) even with adjustment for age.

CONCLUSIONS
The type 2 diabetes–associated TCF7L2 locus influences progression of islet autoimmunity, with differential effects by autoantibody specificity and interaction by obesity/overweight.
Use of a Metabolic Syndrome Severity Z Score to Track Risk During Treatment of Prediabetes: An Analysis of the Diabetes Prevention Program
Authors: DeBoer Mark D. , Filipp Stephanie L. , Gurka Matthew J. 
Published: October 2018

OBJECTIVE
We assessed whether changes in metabolic syndrome (MetS) severity during the treatment of prediabetes are associated with reduced risk of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) and cardiovascular disease (CVD).

RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS
We analyzed data from the Diabetes Prevention Program (DPP) for 2,476 adults in 1996–1999 with prediabetes randomized to receive treatment with lifestyle modification, metformin, or placebo for 2–3 years and followed through 2014 for T2DM and CVD outcomes. We calculated effect sizes from baseline in a MetS severity z score (MetS-Z) and the individual MetS components, and assessed relationships between 1-year effect size and incident T2DM and CVD using hazard ratios (HRs) and mediation analysis.

RESULTS
Baseline MetS-Z and its components were associated with risk of incident T2DM and CVD. During year 1 of intervention, MetS-Z and its components decreased most with lifestyle modification, followed by treatment with metformin and placebo. Risk of T2DM within 1–5 years was most strongly associated with 1-year changes in MetS-Z and waist circumference (both HRs for a 1 SD increase = 1.80), whereas the risk of CVD was associated with a 1-year change in MetS-Z, glucose, and systolic blood pressure. In mediation analyses, the effect of lifestyle modification on T2DM risk was mediated by 1-year changes in MetS-Z, waist circumference, glucose, and triglycerides, whereas the effect of metformin was mediated by MetS-Z and glucose.

CONCLUSIONS
Changes in these risk indicators of MetS severity during intervention in the DPP reflect altered disease risk and may help in tracking earlier responses to treatment and in motivating patients.