bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Efficacy of Transhepatic Anterior Approach to the Inferior Vena Cava for Malignant Pheochromocytoma Invading Right Posterior Lobe of the Liver: A Case Report
Authors: Tsujio Gen , Kimura Kenjiro , Tauchi Yukie , Ohira Go , Amano Ryosuke , Yamazoe Sadaaki , Nishio Kohei , Onoda Naoyosi , Maeda Kiyoshi , Hirakawa Kosei , Ohira Masaichi 
Published: May 2018

Introduction:
The anterior approach to the inferior vena cava (IVC) by the liver hanging maneuver is effective in resecting large retrohepatic tumors without mobilizing the right lobe.

Case presentation:
A 50-year-old man was referred to our hospital with a diagnosis of pheochromocytoma. He had severe congestive heart failure and cardiac ejection fraction was 15%. Abdominal magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and ultrasonography (US) showed an adrenal mass about 80 mm in diameter. The tumor-infiltrated posterior segment of the right hepatic lobe and tumor were widely attached to the IVC. After treatment of congestive heart failure with conservative therapy, surgery was planned. Right adrenectomy and right hepatectomy were performed, the latter using the liver hanging maneuver to avoid mobilizing the right lobe, and we were able to minimize blood pressure fluctuations and perform the operation safely. The histopathologic diagnosis was malignant pheochromocytoma.

Conclusions:
We performed right hepatectomy without mobilizing the right lobe by the liver hanging maneuver and minimized stimulation of the tumor. We could perform the operation safely using the liver hanging maneuver, which seems effective in such cases.
CSF nonphosphorylated Tau as a biomarker for the discrimination of AD from CJD
Authors: Ermann Natalia , Lewczuk Piotr , Schmitz Matthias , Lange Peter , Knipper Tobias , Goebel Stefan , Kornhuber Johannes , Zerr Inga , Llorens Franc 
Published: May 2018

AbstractCreutzfeldt–Jakob disease and Alzheimer's disease are characterized by the presence of elevated total‐Tau cerebrospinal fluid concentrations while the presence of hyperphosphorylated Tau forms in the cerebrospinal fluid is rather a hallmark of Alzheimer's disease. Here we aimed to investigate potential contribution of nonphospho‐Tau epitopes (non‐P‐Tau) in the discrimination between both diseases. Non‐P‐Tau cerebrospinal fluid concentration was highly increased in Creutzfeldt–Jakob disease (n = 57, 3683 ± 3599 pg/mL) compared to Alzheimer's disease (n = 41, 148 ± 219 pg/mL) and neurological controls (n = 56, 62 ± 40 pg/mL), and significantly improved the proportion of correctly classified patients (99%) compared to that achieved by total‐Tau (90%), P‐Tau (62%) and 14‐3‐3 (91%).
Giant Piezoelectric Coefficients in Relaxor Piezoelectric Ceramic PNN‐PZT for Vibration Energy Harvesting
Authors: Gao Xiangyu , Wu Jingen , Yu Yang , Chu Zhaoqiang , Shi Huaduo , Dong Shuxiang 
Published: May 2018

AbstractIt is well known that the piezoelectric performance of ferroelectric Pb(Zr,Ti)O3 (PZT) based ceramics is far inferior to that of ferroelectric single crystals due to ceramics' polycrystalline nature. Herein, it is reported that piezoelectric stress coefficient e33 = 39.24 C m−2 (induced electric displacement under applied strain) in the relaxor piezoelectric ceramic 0.55Pb(Ni1/3Nb2/3)O3–0.135PbZrO3–0.315PbTiO3 (PNN‐PZT) prepared by the solid state reaction method exhibits the highest value among various reported ferroelectric ceramic and single crystal materials. In addition, its piezoelectric coefficient d33* = 1753 pm V−1 is also comparable with that of the commercial Pb(Mg1/3Nb2/3)O3‐PbTiO3 (PMN‐PT) piezoelectric single crystal. The PNN‐PZT ceramic is then assembled into a cymbal energy harvester. Notably, its maximum output current at the acceleration of 3.5 g is 2.5 mApp, which is four times of the PMN‐PT single crystal due to the large piezoelectric e33 constants; while the maximum output power is 14.0 mW, which is almost the same as the PMN‐PT single crystal harvester. The theoretical analysis on force‐induced power output is also presented, which indicates PNN‐PZT ceramic has great potential for energy device application.
Advances in Polar Materials for Lithium–Sulfur Batteries
Authors: Wang Hongqiang , Zhang Wenchao , Xu Jianzhong , Guo Zaiping 
Published: May 2018

AbstractLithium–sulfur batteries are regarded as promising candidates for energy storage devices due to their high theoretical energy density. Various approaches are proposed to break through the obstacles that are preventing Li–S batteries from realizing practical application. Recently, the importance of the strong chemical interaction between polar materials and polysulfides is recognized by researchers to improve the performance of Li–S batteries, especially with respect to the shuttle effect. Polar materials, unlike nonpolar materials, exhibit strong interactions with polysulfides without any modification or doping because of their intrinsic polarity, absorbing the polar polysulfides and thus suppressing the notorious shuttle effect. The recent advances on polar materials for Li–S batteries are reviewed here, especially the chemical polar–polar interaction effects toward immobilizing dissolved polysulfides, and the relationship between the intrinsic properties of the polar materials and the electrochemical performance of the Li–S batteries are discussed. Polar materials, including polar inorganics in the cathode and polar organics as binder for the Li–S batteries are respectively described. Finally, future directions and prospects for the polar materials used in Li–S batteries are also proposed.
Targeted Nanoparticle‐Mediated Gene Therapy Mimics Oncolytic Virus for Effective Melanoma Treatment
Authors: Luo Li , Yang Yuping , Du Ting , Kang Tianyi , Xiong Meimei , Cheng Hao , Liu Yu , Wu Yujiao , Li Yang , Chen Yuwen , Zhang Qianqian , Liu Xuan , Wei Xiawei , Mi Peng , She Zhigang , Gao Guangping , Wei Yuquan , Gou Maling 
Published: May 2018

AbstractOncolytic virus has potential applications in cancer therapy. However, its clinical application is restricted by the virus‐associated biosafety issues. Here, inspired by the key role of vesicular stomatitis virus matrix protein (VSVMP) in the oncolytic vesicular stomatitis virus (VSV) induced apoptosis, a targeted nanoparticle‐delivered neutral VSVMP gene formulation is designed to act like the VSV for cancer therapy. This VSVMP formulation consists of a CRGDKGPDC peptide modified hybrid monomethoxy poly (ethylene glycol)‐poly(d,l‐lactide) nanoparticles complexed with VSVMP plasmid, having good blood compatibility and tumor targeting ability. The transfection efficiency is as high as that of VSV. After intravenous administration, the VSVMP formulation can efficiently target the tumor, significantly inhibit the melanoma growth and metastasis, prolong the survival time of tumor‐bearing mice, and does not cause obvious systemic toxicity. The anticancer mechanisms involve apoptosis induction, angiogenesis inhibition and some virus‐associated signal pathways activation. This work demonstrates a VSV‐inspired nonviral gene therapy that has promising clinical applications in melanoma treatment.
Elastic Fluctuations and Structural Heterogeneities in Metallic Glasses
Authors: Liu Chaoyang , Maaß Robert 
Published: May 2018

AbstractSuppressing crystallization of a metallic melt results in a disordered solid, also known as a metallic glass. One may conclude that a metallic glass is free of defined structural length scales beyond some atomic‐scale value that characterizes short‐ and medium‐range order. While it is well known from atomistic modeling that a metallic glass is structurally heterogeneous, heterogeneities at such a small length scale can hardly be resolved in experiments. This review highlights experimental insights into elastic fluctuations and structural heterogeneities that emerge at scales between a few nanometers and tens to hundreds of micrometers. It distinguishes between structural and property fluctuations in as‐cast metallic glasses, and heterogeneities introduced by elastic and inhomogeneous plastic deformation. As‐cast glasses reveal elastic fluctuations across 3 orders of magnitude, suggesting a hierarchy of length scales that can be tuned by thermomechanical processing. Similarly, nanoscale strain localization into shear bands drives the formation of structural and elastic heterogeneities at both the nano‐ and the microscale. It is proposed that both types of fluctuations will allow one to quantitatively define structure–property relationships via measurable length scales—an approach that has largely contributed to the engineering success of crystalline metals.
Bioinspired Superwettability Electrospun Micro/Nanofibers and Their Applications
Authors: Hou Lanlan , Wang Nü , Wu Jing , Cui Zhimin , Jiang Lei , Zhao Yong 
Published: May 2018

AbstractInspired by the self‐cleaning phenomenon in nature biology, superwettable materials systems have been increasingly studied by multidisciplinary scientists in past two decades. Among various fabrication methods, electrospinning technology, with superior capability of comprehensive coordination of surface chemical composition and hierarchical micro/nanostructures, has been proved to be a versatile method to fabricate diverse fibrous materials with superwettability from polymers, ceramics, to composites. This review first introduces the progress of electrospinning technology in generating various hierarchical structured nanofibers. Then, the wetting theory of liquid on fibers and recent approaches toward fabricating bioinspired electrospun micro/nanofibers with superwettability are described. Based on the special wettability to different liquids, the electrospun nanofibrous materials play significant roles in liquid mixtures separations, water collection, unidirectional liquid penetrations, and in environmentally responsive materials. Finally, the challenges and promising prospects on electrospun superwettability nanofibrous materials are highlighted.
Theoretical and Experimental Insight into the Mechanism for Spontaneous Vertical Growth of ReS2 Nanosheets
Authors: Ghoshal Debjit , Yoshimura Anthony , Gupta Tushar , House Andrew , Basu Swastik , Chen Yanwen , Wang Tianmeng , Yang Yang , Shou Wenjia , Hachtel Jordan A. , Idrobo Juan Carlos , Lu Toh‐Ming , Basuray Sagnik , Meunier Vincent , Shi Su‐Fei , Koratkar Nikhil 
Published: May 2018

AbstractRhenium disulfide (ReS2) differs fundamentally from other group‐VI transition metal dichalcogenides (TMDs) due to its low structural symmetry, which results in its optical and electrical anisotropy. Although vertical growth is observed in some TMDs under special growth conditions, vertical growth in ReS2 is very different in that it is highly spontaneous and substrate‐independent. In this study, the mechanism that underpins the thermodynamically favorable vertical growth mode of ReS2 is uncovered. It is found that the governing mechanism for ReS2 growth involves two distinct stages. In the first stage, ReS2 grows parallel to the growth substrate, consistent with conventional TMD growth. However, subsequent vertical growth is nucleated at points on the lattice where Re atoms are “pinched” together. At such sites, an additional Re atom binds with the cluster of pinched Re atoms, leaving an under‐coordinated S atom protruding out of the ReS2 plane. This under‐coordinated S is “reactive” and binds to free Re and S atoms, initiating growth in a direction perpendicular to the ReS2 surface. The utility of such vertical ReS2 arrays in applications where high surface‐to‐volume ratio and electric‐field enhancement are essential, such as surface enhanced Raman spectroscopy, field emission, and solar‐based disinfection of bacteria, is demonstrated.
Ternary Blend Strategy for Achieving High‐Efficiency Organic Solar Cells with Nonfullerene Acceptors Involved
Authors: Liu Xiaoyu , Yan Yajie , Yao Yao , Liang Ziqi 
Published: May 2018

AbstractNonfullerene acceptors have recently drawn considerable attention in bulk heterojunction organic solar cells (OSCs). The power conversion efficiency (PCE) over 14% is achieved in single‐junction fullerene‐free OSCs, which has surpassed that of fullerene‐based counterparts. For future commercial applications, however, a high and stable PCE > 15% is required, which entails rational material design and device optimization. In this context, three approaches are generally utilized—the synthesis of novel nonfullerene acceptors and the selection of suitable polymer donors to pair with them, the tandem or multijunction device architecture, and the ternary blend strategy. Compared to the former two methods, the ternary strategy allows to employ the existing photovoltaic materials and the single‐junction device. Therefore, an exploration of nonfullerene acceptor–based ternary blend OSCs (NFTSCs) has shown unprecedented progress since 2016. This review summarizes and classifies the photovoltaic materials utilized in NFTSCs, aiming to not only exhibit the recent development of NFTSCs but also elucidate the correlation among donor/acceptor materials, film morphology, transport dynamics, and device fabrication toward high‐efficiency OSCs. Lastly, the above key advances are highlighted along with the existing issues and insights into the viable path for the further research thrusts are offered.
Over 14% Efficiency in Organic Solar Cells Enabled by Chlorinated Nonfullerene Small‐Molecule Acceptors
Authors: Zhang Hao , Yao Huifeng , Hou Junxian , Zhu Jie , Zhang Jianqi , Li Wanning , Yu Runnan , Gao Bowei , Zhang Shaoqing , Hou Jianhui 
Published: May 2018

AbstractTo make organic solar cells (OSCs) more competitive in the diverse photovoltaic cell technologies, it is very important to demonstrate that OSCs can achieve very good efficiencies and that their cost can be reduced. Here, a pair of nonfullerene small‐molecule acceptors, IT‐2Cl and IT‐4Cl, is designed and synthesized by introducing easy‐synthesis chlorine substituents onto the indacenodithieno[3,2‐b]thiophene units. The unique feature of the large dipole moment of the CCl bond enhances the intermolecular charge‐transfer effect between the donor–acceptor structures, and thus expands the absorption and down shifts the molecular energy levels. Meanwhile, the introduction of CCl also causes more pronounced molecular stacking, which also helps to expand the absorption spectrum. Both of the designed OSCs devices based on two acceptors can deliver a power conversion efficiency (PCE) greater than 13% when blended with a polymer donor with a low‐lying highest occupied molecular orbital level. In addition, since IT‐2Cl and IT‐4Cl have very good compatibility, a ternary OSC device integrating these two acceptors is also fabricated and obtains a PCE greater than 14%. Chlorination demonstrates effective ability in enhancing the device performance and facile synthesis route, which both deserve further exploitation in the modification of photovoltaic materials.
O‐, N‐Atoms‐Coordinated Mn Cofactors within a Graphene Framework as Bioinspired Oxygen Reduction Reaction Electrocatalysts
Authors: Yang Yang , Mao Kaitian , Gao Shiqi , Huang Hao , Xia Guoliang , Lin Zhiyu , Jiang Peng , Wang Changlai , Wang Hui , Chen Qianwang 
Published: May 2018

AbstractManganese (Mn) is generally regarded as not being sufficiently active for the oxygen reduction reaction (ORR) compared to other transition metals such as Fe and Co. However, in biology, manganese‐containing enzymes can catalyze oxygen‐evolving reactions efficiently with a relative low onset potential. Here, atomically dispersed O and N atoms coordinated Mn active sites are incorporated within graphene frameworks to emulate both the structure and function of Mn cofactors in heme–copper oxidases superfamily. Unlike previous single‐metal catalysts with general M‐N‐C structures, here, it is proved that a coordinated O atom can also play a significant role in tuning the intrinsic catalytic activities of transition metals. The biomimetic electrocatalyst exhibits superior performance for the ORR and zinc–air batteries under alkaline conditions, which is even better than that of commercial Pt/C. The excellent performance can be ascribed to the abundant atomically dispersed Mn cofactors in the graphene frameworks, confirmed by various characterization methods. Theoretical calculations reveal that the intrinsic catalytic activity of metal Mn can be significantly improved via changing local geometry of nearest coordinated O and N atoms. Especially, graphene frameworks containing the Mn‐N3O1 cofactor demonstrate the fastest ORR kinetics due to the tuning of the d electronic states to a reasonable state.
Exceptional Iodine Capture in 2D Covalent Organic Frameworks
Authors: Wang Ping , Xu Qing , Li Zhongping , Jiang Weiming , Jiang Qiuhong , Jiang Donglin 
Published: May 2018

AbstractProgress in chemistry over the past four decades has generated a variety of porous materials for removing iodine—a radioactive emission accompanying nuclear fission. However, most studies are still based on the notion that entangled pores together with specific binding sites are essential for iodine capture. Here, an unraveled physical picture of iodine capture that overturns the preconception by exploring 1D channeled porous materials is disclosed. 2D covalent organic frameworks are constructed in a way so that they are free of interpenetration and binding sites but consist of 1D open channels. As verified with different channels shaping from hexagonal to tetragonal and trigonal and ranging from micropores to mesopores, all the 1D channels enable a full access to iodine, generalizing a new paradigm that the pore volume determines the uptake capacity. These results are of fundamental importance to understanding iodine uptake and designing materials to treat coagulative toxic vapors.
Lysine‐Derived Carbon Dots for Chiral Inhibition of Prion Peptide Fibril Assembly
Authors: Arad Elad , Bhunia Susanta Kumar , Jopp Jürgen , Kolusheva Sofiya , Rapaport Hanna , Jelinek Raz 
Published: May 2018

AbstractThe transmissible spongiform encephalopathies are a family of diseases characterized by abnormal folding and aggregation of the prion protein. One of the directions in the search for cure for these and other amyloid diseases focuses on the inhibition of protein aggregation by small molecules, short peptides, and nanoparticles. Nanoparticles seem to be particularly promising therapeutic candidates since they are stable, can be made biocompatible, and might readily traverse physiological barriers such as the blood–brain barrier. Here, a novel class of chiral amyloid inhibitors consisting of carbon quantum dots (C‐dots) that are synthesized from eitherd‐ orl‐lysine (Lys) as the sole carbonaceous building block are reported. The interactions of the chiral lys‐C‐dots with the amyloidogenic determinant of the prion peptide (PrP, 106–126 sequence) in the presence of lipid bilayers appears to be highly stereoselective, with thel‐Lys‐C‐dots being superior to thed‐Lys‐C‐dots in their ability to modulate the structural transformations and aggregation of PrP(106–126). This work provides new insights into chiral effects upon amyloid peptides and opens the way to developing chiral carbon‐based nanostructures as advanced amyloid inhibitors.
Photopharmacology in Alzheimer's Disease
Authors: Rodríguez‐Soacha Diego Alejandro , Decker Michael 
Published: May 2018

AbstractIn this report, the advances of photopharmacology as a method that allows the study of therapeutically relevant target proteins for Alzheimer's disease (AD) with high spatiotemporal resolution through photoswitchable molecules that are manipulated by light irradiation will be presented. The chemical and biophysical basics of the design of photoswitchable drugs are considered, as well as their current specific applications in the development of tool compounds to investigate functions of acetylcholinesterase, muscarinic acetylcholine, cannabinoid, and NMDA receptors, respectively. All of them represent highly important AD targets.
An Analytical Model for the Corrosion Risk of Water Alternating Gas Injection Wells in CO2 Enhanced Oil Recovery
Authors: Wang Zi Ming , Song Guang‐Ling 
Published: May 2018

AbstractAn analytical model is proposed to describe the corrosion risk profile of a well tube in water alternating gas (WAG) CO2 injection conditions based on the assumption that the drying process of the water layer on the inner wall of the well tube plays a crucial role in controlling corrosion. In this model, the fluid properties, the thermodynamic equilibrium of CO2 and water steam, and an empirical CO2 corrosion equation are systematically considered. The description by this model reasonably indicates that fast injection can decrease the corrosion risk and push the highest risk region to a deeper zone, while a longer drying time for a thicker water layer left on the well inner wall can lead to higher corrosion risk. It can also be deduced that the offshore WAG case is more aggressive than the onshore case and some mitigation strategies are suggested for reducing the corrosion risk. These should be helpful for corrosion management and leakage monitoring in the practical WAG CO2 injection.
Nitrogen‐Based Lewis Acids Derived from Phosphonium Diazo Cations
Authors: Waked Alexander E. , Ostadsharif Memar Rouzbeh , Stephan Douglas W. 
Published: May 2018

AbstractReaction of PPh3 and [(p‐ClC6H4)N2][BF4] affords [(p‐ClC6H4)N(PPh3)N(PPh3)][BF4] 1, while reaction with (Ph2PCH2)2 gave [(p‐ClC6H4)(NPh2PCH2)2)][BF4] 2. These species confirm the Lewis acidity of [(p‐ClC6H4)N2(PR3)][BF4] cations at N. In contrast, use of bulky phosphines afford the species [ArN2(PR3)][BF4] (R=tBu 3, Mes 4). Compound 3 undergoes one electron reduction to give the stable radical [(p‐ClC6H4)N2(PtBu3)]. 5. Combination of 3 and PtBu3 acts as an FLP to effect (SPh)2 cleavage, generating [PhSPtBu3]+ and the radical [ArN2(PR3)].. Collectively, these data affirm the ability of the cations [ArN2(PR3)]+ to behave as one or two electron acceptors.