bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Consommation de substances en contexte sexuel chez des hommes gbHSH de Montréal : 2009-2016
Authors: Blais Martin , Otis Joanne , Lambert Gilles , Cox Joseph , Haig Thomas ,   Groupe de recherche Spot
Published: August 2019

La consommation de substances chez les hommes gais, bisexuels ou ayant des relations sexuelles avec d’autres hommes (gbHSH) constitue un des déterminants des relations sexuelles à risque d’infections transmissibles sexuellement, incluant le VIH. Cet article vise (1) à documenter la prévalence et les tendances temporelles de la consommation d’alcool et de drogues lors des rapports sexuels entre 2009 et 2016 chez des gbHSH montréalais séronégatifs pour le VIH ou de statut inconnu, et (2) à estimer l’association entre la consommation de ces substances et les relations anales à risque d’infection par le VIH (RAR-VIH). L’échantillon est composé de 2 149 gbHSH âgés de 18 à 74 ans qui ont demandé un dépistage du VIH entre 2009 et 2016. La prévalence de consommation lors d’au moins un rapport sexuel sur une période de 3 mois entre 2009 et 2016 était de 55 % pour l’alcool, environ 20 % pour le cannabis et les poppers, 6 à 8 % pour l’ecstasy/MDMA, les médicaments contre la dysfonction érectile et la cocaïne, environ 5 % pour le GHB et le speed et inférieure à 2 % pour la kétamine, le crack, le LSD et l’héroïne. La consommation de la plupart de ces substances (alcool, cannabis, poppers, cocaïne, ecstasy/MDMA, GHB, speed) a décliné entre 2009 et 2014-2015 et a ensuite augmenté légèrement. La consommation de crystal meth a diminué entre 2009 et 2012-2013 et était revenue, en 2016, à son niveau de 2010, alors que celle de la kétamine et des médicaments contre la dysfonction érectile a diminué de 2009 à 2016. Les modèles logistiques montrent que les RAR-VIH étaient significativement associées à la consommation de substances lors des relations sexuelles, avec des ratios de cote variant de 2,13 (pour l’alcool) à 10,49 (pour le crystal meth). Des recommandations visant la prise en compte des enjeux mis en lumière par ces résultats sont proposées.
Pour un système de quantification de la complexité de réalisation pianistique. L’exemple de José Vianna da Motta
Authors: Ferreira João Costa 
Published: August 2019

Le point de départ de notre réflexion est l’« intellectualité » du jeu du pianiste et compositeur portugais José Vianna da Motta, régulièrement soulignée par les critiques et les biographes. Pour mesurer ladite « intellectualité », nous avons conçu un système de quantification des processus nécessaires à la réalisation pianistique. En s’appuyant sur ce système, cet article propose une réflexion et une analyse de la complexité relative des solutions pianistiques pour des passages musicaux tirés d’oeuvres et d’éditions de Vianna da Motta.
Parameters of Stretto Use inside the Contrapunctus 5 of the Art of Fugue by Johann Sebastian Bach (BWV 1080, 5)1
Authors: Alevizos Konstantinos G. 
Published: August 2019

In this article, my objective is to attempt to connect all the simultaneous compositional processes that J. S. Bach combined in order to create the stretto forms inside the Contrapunctus 5 of the Art of Fugue. The analysis offers a perspective by relating four technical elements present in every stretto of the subject; the distance of entry in each voice, the raw material used, the technique of inversion and the position of dux and comes.
Toucher les souffles marginaux : réflexions sur quelques reflets de la banlieue parisienne au Japon
Authors: Udo Satoshi 
Published: August 2019

Cet article vise à montrer comment les Japonais ont observé la banlieue de France au cours des trente dernières années. Il vise également à examiner comment ils ont « traduit » la banlieue, c’est-à-dire comment ils l’ont rendue compréhensible au-delà de sa surface médiatisée, en recourant à la littérature. La littérature japonaise a découvert de nouvelles valeurs dans la banlieue de Tokyo à travers la traduction des littératures occidentales : la banlieue représente un lieu de promenade inspiré par Tourgueniev et basé sur une nouvelle sensibilité envers la nature, ou encore le lieu où les enfants de la classe moyenne sont entourés de soins familiaux, comme le raconte la littérature anglaise pour enfants. Les traductrices japonaises de la littérature de banlieue française tentent de présenter les souffles des personnes qui y vivent, que les recherches scientifiques ou les médias ne sauraient saisir, mais elles ne peuvent s’empêcher, par ailleurs, d’insérer des notes dans leurs traductions pour aider les lecteurs à comprendre le contexte sociologique des oeuvres. À titre d’exemple, Vers la banlieue (1995) d’Horie Toshiyuki est conçu, selon l’auteur, pour représenter la « position » de la banlieue parisienne, tandis que la traduction du roman Le petit Malik de Mabrouck Rachedi (2008) est réalisée pour transmettre les voix de la banlieue. Rachedi aborde pleinement les conditions socioculturelles de la banlieue dans son ouvrage et cette tendance est accentuée par l’apparat de notes dans la traduction. Horie, en revanche, laisse de côté la situation sociologique en traduisant la banlieue de Paris dans les impressions de paysages procurées par les détours livresques. La banlieue reste ainsi un lieu en devenir, où les promeneurs s’égarent en rêveries, et la traduction est un lieu de partage où le sens est suspendu et remis en question.
Identification of a nativeBacillus thuringiensisstrain from Sri Lanka active against Dipel-resistantPlutella xylostella
Authors: Baragamaarachchi Rashini Yasara , Samarasekera Jayanetti Koralage Ramani Radhika , Weerasena Ovitigala Vithanage Don Sisira Jagathpriya , Lamour Kurt , Jurat-Fuentes Juan Luis 
Published: August 2019

BackgroundBiopesticides based on strains of the bacteriumBacillus thuringiensis(Bt) are used globally for effective and environmentally friendly pest control. The most serious threat to the sustainable use of these microbial pesticides is the development of resistance on targeted pests. Populations ofPlutella xylostella(diamondback moth) have evolved field resistance to Bt pesticides at diverse locations worldwide. Discovery of novel Bt strains with varied toxin profiles that overcome resistance is one of the strategies to increase sustainability of Bt pesticides againstP. xylostella. In this study, we report isolation and characterization of a Bt strain named AB1 from Sri Lanka displaying toxicity towards larvae ofP. xylostellaresistant to the commercial Bt pesticide Dipel.MethodsStrains of Bt from diverse environments in Sri Lanka were evaluated for protein crystal production through Differential Interference Contrast (DIC) microscopic examination, and for insecticidal activity againstP. xylostellain bioassays. The genome of the AB1 strain was sequenced by Hiseq Illumina sequencing to identify the insecticidal genes present in the genome and nano liquid chromatography followed by tandem mass spectrometry (nanoLC/MS/MS) of purified crystal proteins of AB1 was performed to identify the expressed insecticidal proteins. Multilocus sequence typing andGyrase Bgene sequence analyses were performed to identify the phylogenetic origin of the AB1 strain.ResultsThe AB1 strain was identified as producing high levels of bipyramidal crystals and displaying insecticidal activity against susceptible and Dipel-resistant strains ofP. xylostella. Multilocus sequence typing and phylogenetic analysis of theGyrase Bgene identified that AB1 belongs to theB. thuringiensissubsp.aizawaiserotype.Comparative analysis of genomic and proteomic data showed that among the insecticidal protein coding genes annotated from the AB1 genome (cry1Aa,cry1Ca,cry1Da,cry1Ia,cry2Ab andcry9), Cry1Ca and Cry1Da toxins represented most of the toxin fraction in parasporal crystals from AB1. Overall findings warrant further development ofB. thuringiensissubsp.aizawaiAB1 strain as a pesticide to controlP. xylostella.
Heterotopic Ossification of the Elbow: A Literature Review
Authors: Qazi Sohail , Reynolds John , Abdelfattah Hesham , Thoder Joseph 
Published: August 2019

Background: Aberrant ectopic bone formation of the elbow is a common clinical presentation after neurologic, burn, and traumatic injuries to the joint. This represents a significant source of patient burden, delayed recovery times and increased medical costs. Although there is an abundance of literature on heterotopic ossification (HO) of the hip, there is little literature on HO of the elbow in comparison.
Aims: This literature review seeks to summarize consensus regarding the appropriate system of classification, pathophysiology, clinical presentation, risk factors, and prophylactic treatment options associated with HO formation of the elbow. Clinicians may utilize this information to identify high risk patient populations for potential prophylactic therapy to prevent the occurrence/complications of HO at the elbow.
Methods: A PubMed literature review was conducted using combinations of the key words “heterotopic ossification,” “elbow,” and “fracture/dislocation.” All study types were considered and relevant articles were utilized for this review.
Results: Higher levels of injury, severe neurologic and burn injuries, delay to surgery, delay in fixation/stabilization of the elbow, multiple surgical treatments, and genetics were correlated with ectopic bone formation. Single dose pre/postoperative radiotherapy with 700cGy or preoperative NSAID regiments were found to be the main prophylactic treatments.
Conclusion: Clinicians must consider the HO risk profile of their patients as well as the risk factors of treatment before deciding on prophylactic options. Surgical resection is reserved for the most severe cases.
Smart Injectable Hydrogels for Cancer Immunotherapy
Authors: Chao Yu , Chen Qian , Liu Zhuang 
Published: August 2019

AbstractHydrogels, a class of materials with a 3D network structure, are widely used in various fields especially in biomedicine. Injectable hydrogels could facilitate the encapsulation and controlled release of small molecular drugs, macromolecular therapeutics, and even cells. With the rapid development of cancer immunotherapy, such injectable hydrogels have attracted wide attention for local immunomodulation to boost systemic anticancer immune responses, realizing more effective immunotherapy at lower doses. The latest progresses in the development of various smart injectable hydrogels for cancer immunotherapy are summarized here. Although applied locally, such injectable hydrogels can activate systemic antitumor immune responses, safely and effectively inhibiting the tumor metastasis and recurrence. Moreover, it is discussed how injectable hydrogel‐based cancer immunotherapy would contribute to the development of next generation of cancer treatment together with their potential for clinical translation.
Advanced Compressible and Elastic 3D Monoliths beyond Hydrogels
Authors: Hu Yijie , Chen Zehong , Zhuo Hao , Zhong Linxin , Peng Xinwen , Sun Run‐Cang 
Published: August 2019

Abstract3D monoliths have undergone great progress in the past decades in scientific and engineering fields. Especially, compressible and elastic 3D monoliths (CEMs) hold great promise in a series of applications, such as pressure/strain sensing, energy storage, oil/water separation, and thermal insulation, attributed to their unique mechanical properties and multifunctionality (e.g., conductivity, thermal stability, and high adsorption capacity). Recently, plenty of advanced CEMs have been developed from 1D and 2D building blocks, polymers, and biomass via various methods. Herein, the latest progress in controllable design and preparation of advanced CEMs, which mainly refer to aerogels, sponges, and foams, are reviewed in terms of their structural units and applications. The relationship between structure and mechanical performances of CEMs is discussed. Moreover, their applications in sensing, energy storage and conversion, water treatment, fire‐resistance, and electromagnetic interface shielding are presented. Finally, the challenges and future opportunities of CEMs are also discussed.
Continuously Producing Watersteam and Concentrated Brine from Seawater by Hanging Photothermal Fabrics under Sunlight
Authors: Liu Zixiao , Wu Binhe , Zhu Bo , Chen Zhigang , Zhu Meifang , Liu Xiaogang 
Published: August 2019

AbstractSolar‐enabled evaporation for seawater desalination is an attractive, renewable, and environment‐friendly technique, and tremendous progress has been achieved by developing various photothermal membranes. However, traditional photothermal membranes directly float on water, resulting in some limitations such as unavoidable heat‐loss to bulk water and severe salt accumulation. To solve these problems, a hydrophilic, polymer nanorod‐coated photothermal fabric is designed and fabricated, and then an indirect‐contact evaporation system by hanging the fabric is demonstrated. The two ends of the fabric are designed to be in contact with seawater to guide water flow through capillary suction. Both arc‐shaped top/bottom surfaces of the hanging fabrics are exposed to air, which can prevent heat dissipation to bulk seawater and facilitate the double‐surface evaporation upon sunlight irradiation. Our design leads to an efficient evaporation rate of 1.94 kg m−2 h−1 and high solar efficiency of 89.9% upon irradiation with sunlight (1.0 kW m−2). Importantly, the highly concentrated brine can drip from the bottom of the arc‐shaped fabric, without the appearance of solid‐salt accumulation. This indirect‐contact evaporation system establishes a new path to continuously and economically produce watersteam from seawater for fresh‐water and concentrated brine for the chlor‐alkali industry.
Hybrid Cholesteric Films with Tailored Polarization Rotation
Authors: Rofouie Pardis , Galati Elizabeth , Sun Lu , Helmy Amr S. , Kumacheva Eugenia 
Published: August 2019

AbstractIncorporation of metal nanoparticles in chiral (Ch) films of cellulose nanocrystals (CNCs) enhances nanoparticle plasmon resonances, due to the coupling of the intrinsic properties of the plasmonic guest and the photonic properties of the Ch‐CNC host. In contrast with previous reports, the properties of the Ch‐CNC host are focused and an effective strategy is developed for tuning the optical polarization rotation of the composite films formed by the CNCs and gold nanoparticles. A twofold enhancement in the polarization rotation power of the composite Ch‐CNC films, with an insignificant change in the incurred optical losses, is achieved by varying the density and dimensions of gold nanoparticles embedded in the Ch‐CNC films. For such films, a new approach is developed to obtain broadband circular dichroism by fabricating films from mixtures of CNC suspensions ultrasonicated for different time intervals. These new findings enable fine‐tuning of the power and spectral range of the polarization rotation and offer a novel strategy for the fabrication of broadband reflectors and polarizers, smart solar windows, and detectors for circularly polarized light.
Cooking‐Inspired Versatile Design of an Ultrastrong and Tough Polysaccharide Hydrogel through Programmed Supramolecular Interactions
Authors: Wang Lili , Zhang Xiansheng , Xia Yanzhi , Zhao Xianwei , Xue Zhixin , Sui Kunyan , Dong Xia , Wang Dujin 
Published: August 2019

AbstractSimultaneously achieving strength and toughness in soft materials remains a challenge, especially for physically crosslinked hydrogels with many inactive interaction sites. In this work, inspired by the cooking of thick soup in China, a facile method that includes free water evaporation of the diluted pregel solution followed by crosslinking (WEC) is proposed to fabricate polysaccharide hydrogels. Herein, without the constraints of viscosity and crosslinking, polymer chains can homogenously approach as much as possible, thereby enabling the transformation of inactive supramolecular interaction (H‐bonding and ionic coordination) sites into active sites until reaching the maximum level. Through facilely tuning the concentrating degree, programmed supramolecular interactions, serving as energy‐dissipating sacrificial bonds, impart the hydrogels with strength and toughness over a very wide range, where a “ductile‐to‐tough” transition is discovered to occur first. Using WEC in alginate, the concentration can be as high as 25 wt% without sacrificing processing ability, a result that is significantly beyond common value (3–7 wt%), and the extremely stiff and tough hydrogels are obtained, superior to isotropic alginate hydrogels ever reported. This research offers a facile and versatile strategy to fabricate isotropic polysaccharide hydrogels, which become ideal matrix materials for further fabrication of hybrid or anisotropic hydrogels.
A Long‐Cycle‐Life Lithium–CO2 Battery with Carbon Neutrality
Authors: Ahmadiparidari Alireza , Warburton Robert E. , Majidi Leily , Asadi Mohammad , Chamaani Amir , Jokisaari Jacob R. , Rastegar Sina , Hemmat Zahra , Sayahpour Baharak , Assary Rajeev S. , Narayanan Badri , Abbasi Pedram , Redfern Paul C. , Ngo Anh , Vörös Márton , Greeley Jeffrey , Klie Robert , Curtiss Larry A. , Salehi‐Khojin Amin 
Published: August 2019

AbstractLithium–CO2 batteries are attractive energy‐storage systems for fulfilling the demand of future large‐scale applications such as electric vehicles due to their high specific energy density. However, a major challenge with Li–CO2 batteries is to attain reversible formation and decomposition of the Li2CO3 and carbon discharge products. A fully reversible Li–CO2 battery is developed with overall carbon neutrality using MoS2 nanoflakes as a cathode catalyst combined with an ionic liquid/dimethyl sulfoxide electrolyte. This combination of materials produces a multicomponent composite (Li2CO3/C) product. The battery shows a superior long cycle life of 500 for a fixed 500 mAh g−1 capacity per cycle, far exceeding the best cycling stability reported in Li–CO2 batteries. The long cycle life demonstrates that chemical transformations, making and breaking covalent CO bonds can be used in energy‐storage systems. Theoretical calculations are used to deduce a mechanism for the reversible discharge/charge processes and explain how the carbon interface with Li2CO3 provides the electronic conduction needed for the oxidation of Li2CO3 and carbon to generate the CO2 on charge. This achievement paves the way for the use of CO2 in advanced energy‐storage systems.
High SERS Sensitivity Enabled by Synergistically Enhanced Photoinduced Charge Transfer in Amorphous Nonstoichiometric Semiconducting Films
Authors: Fan Xingce , Li Mingze , Hao Qi , Zhu Minshen , Hou Xiangyu , Huang Hao , Ma Libo , Schmidt Oliver G. , Qiu Teng 
Published: August 2019

AbstractSemiconducting surface‐enhanced Raman scattering (SERS) materials have attracted tremendous attention for their good signal uniformity, chemical stability, and biocompatibility. Here, a new concept to design high sensitivity semiconducting SERS substrates through integration of both amorphous and nonstoichiometric features of WO3−x thin films is presented. The integration of these two features provides narrower bandgap, additional defect levels within the bandgap, stronger exciton resonance, and higher electronic density of states near the Fermi level. These characteristics lead to a synergy to promote the photoinduced charge transfer resonance between analytes and substrate by offering efficient routes of charge escaping and transferring as well as strong vibronic coupling, thus realizing high SERS activity on amorphous nonstoichiometric WO3−x films.
Integrated Plasmonic Infrared Photodetector Based on Colloidal HgTe Quantum Dots
Authors: Zhu Bingqing , Chen Mengyu , Zhu Qiang , Zhou Guodong , Abdelazim Nema M. , Zhou Wen , Kershaw Stephen V. , Rogach Andrey L. , Zhao Ni , Tsang Hon Ki 
Published: August 2019

AbstractThis paper presents a 2300 nm wavelength photodetector which comprises a spin‐deposited colloidal HgTe quantum dot (QD) film on a metal‐insulator‐metal (MIM) plasmonic waveguide. This photodetector is an integrated device based on the complementary metal‐oxide‐semiconductor compatible silicon‐on‐insulator platform. The device employs input and output silicon waveguide grating couplers, and HgTe QDs are used as the infrared photosensing material. Infrared light is coupled to the strongly confined MIM waveguide mode, which shrinks the device footprint and improves the light detection efficiency simultaneously. A room temperature responsivity of 23 mA W−1 and a noise‐equivalent power of 8.7 × 10−11 W Hz−1/2 at 2300 nm wavelength are achieved by the photodetector at 2.14 W mm−2 (measured at the input to the plasmonic waveguide) with a device footprint of 15 µm × 0.35 µm. The light intensity–dependent photocurrent, the current noise spectral density, and the 3 dB operation bandwidth are all characterized. The charge transfer properties of the organic HgTe QD films are further analyzed based on field effect transistor measurements.
Highly Efficient and Spectrally Narrow Near‐Infrared Fluorescent OLEDs Using a TADF‐Sensitized Cyanine Dye
Authors: Brodeur Julien , Hu Lei , Malinge Alexandre , Eizner Elad , Skene William G. , Kéna‐Cohen Stéphane 
Published: August 2019

AbstractThrough various triplet‐harvesting approaches, fluorescent organic light‐emitting diodes (OLEDs) that emit in the visible spectrum can now be fabricated with efficiencies rivaling those of their phosphorescent counterparts. However, achieving high efficiencies in the near‐infrared (NIR) is considerably more challenging. This is in part due to the low quantum yield of most fluorescent NIR emitters and inefficient triplet exciton harvesting in such devices. Here, fluorescent NIR OLEDs with an external quantum efficiency of 5.4% and a peak emission wavelength of 790 nm are demonstrated. The OLEDs are fabricated by combining a deep‐red host that undergoes thermally assisted delayed fluorescence with a near‐infrared cyanine dye that emits with high efficiency. The devices show nearly pure NIR emission with a NIR cut‐on wavelength of 749 nm and >90% emitted power at wavelengths above 750 nm. It is also shown that the host polarity strongly affects the device performance.
Near‐Field Orbital Angular Momentum Generation and Detection Based on Spin‐Orbit Interaction in Gold Metasurfaces
Authors: Yang Hui , Chen Zhiquan , Liu Qing , Hu Yueqiang , Duan Huigao 
Published: August 2019

AbstractLight carrying orbital angular momentum (OAM) is widely accepted as a promising carrier for high‐speed information communications, in which the generation and detection of OAM is a vital issue. Although the generation and detection of OAM in free space is well investigated, further extensions to near‐filed surface plasmon polariton (SPP) would be crucial for miniaturing and integrating platforms. Here, based on spin‐orbit interaction, a general scheme for near‐filed generating and detecting OAM modes is numerically and theoretically demonstrated. Utilizing the proposed design scheme, SPP OAM modes with optional topological charges can be achieved, which offers a new approach to generate near‐field OAM modes. To characterize the physical mechanism of spin‐orbit interaction, an improved dipole model is established for the first time, from what is known, with which the numerical results are well reproduced. Moreover, with elaborately design, the OAM generators can be developed into a compact OAM detector. Such a device owns the capacity of simultaneously discriminating the sign, the topological charge and the helicity of the incident OAM beam via a single measurement. These results provide a general method for near‐field OAM generation and detection, indicating promising applications in optical communication, particle trapping, and integrated photonic circuits.