bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Teacher and Middle Leader Perceptions of Culturally Responsive Middle Leadership Practices and Their Ability to Meet the Needs of Māori Students in New Zealand Secondary Schools
Authors: Highfield Camilla , Webber Melinda , Woods Rachel 
Published: November 2024

AbstractThis paper examines the self-reported culturally responsive practices of curriculum leaders (n = 53) and teachers (n = 105) from six state funded secondary schools in New Zealand. Partcipants were surveyed to examine the relationship between middle leader self-reporting of culturally responsive pedagogy (CRP) for improving Māori student engagement and teacher perceptions of those practices. School contextual factors and student academic achievement were also compared with the response ratings to understand any association between culturally responsive middle leadership and student academic outcomes. The study found that middle leaders with more experience generally reported greater confidence in their leadership of CRP. Furthermore, there was some indication that teacher perceptions of middle leader’s use of CRP practices may be higher in schools with more experienced middle leaders. However, despite the crucial role middle leaders have in supporting the use of CRP in their departments, no relation was found between the confidence of middle leaders regarding CRP and student academic achievement (155).
Room temperature quantitative liquid concentration device and application to interleukins analysis in a B-cell culture medium
Authors: Kawanabe Ruriko , Tazawa Hidekatsu , Mawatari Kazuma , Yoshizaki Ayumi 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
In biological analysis and medical diagnosis, there is an increasing demand for improving the lower detection limit without deteriorating the quantitativity; however, it is usually challenging. In this study, we utilized a cyclone flow device and established a liquid concentration method. An air cyclone flow induced a liquid cyclone flow in the concentration devices and enhanced the air/liquid interface area, which allowed an effective concentration of liquid from mL to mL at room temperature. The heating temperature and actual temperature inside the liquid were investigated to know the cooling effect of evaporation. The collection efficiency of larger than 98% was confirmed with a standard solution. Finally, the analytical procedure to realize a quantitative concentration was established, and the concentration and quantification of interleukins (IL-8, IL-17, and IL-23) from the supernatant of the B-cell culture medium was demonstrated. The B-cell was stimulated with CD40L, and the supernatant was concentrated 27 times at maximum.

Graphical abstract
A subtle call to greatness: Unipolarity, US foreign policy, and the indefinite extension of the NPT
Authors: Craig Campbell , Ruzicka Jan , Egeland Kjølv 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
In this article, we analyse the implications of the end of the Cold War for US non-proliferation policy and the non-proliferation regime. Contrary to widely held expectations, we show that the end of bipolarity did not undercut the pursuit of non-proliferation but supercharge it. While bipolarity had afforded non-proliferation hold-outs opportunities to evade superpower pressure, the structural condition of unipolarity both incentivised and enabled the United States to pursue a more robust non-proliferation policy than before. Against the view that contemporary unipolar power is severely circumscribed by the need to make compromises and adhere to social norms, unipolarity allowed the United States to entrench a regime that was widely considered unjust. We support this argument with an analysis of non-proliferation dynamics in the early 1990s, focusing in particular on the process that culminated with the indefinite extension of the Non-proliferation Treaty (NPT) in 1995.
Half a century of survey data reveal population recovery but persistent threats for the Vulnerable yellow-footed rock-wallaby in Queensland, Australia
Authors: Silcock Jennifer Lesley , Gynther Ian C. , Horsup Alan , Molyneux Jenny , Wattz Tracy L. , Fairfax Russell J. , Healy Al J. , Murphy David , McRae Peter D. 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
The record of mammal declines and extinctions in Australia raises concerns regarding geographically restricted and poorly known taxa. For many taxa, the existing data are insufficient to assess their conservation status and inform appropriate management. Concerns regarding the persistence of the subspecies of yellow-footed rock-wallaby Petrogale xanthopus celeris, which is endemic to Queensland, have been expressed since the 1970s because of red fox Vulpes vulpes predation, competition with feral goats Capra hircus and land clearing. This rock-wallaby is rarely observed, occupies rugged mountain ranges and, prior to our surveys, had not been surveyed for 25 years. We surveyed 138 sites across the range of this rock-wallaby during 2010–2023, including revisiting sites surveyed in the 1970s–1980s and locations of historical records. We examined occurrence in relation to habitat variables and threats. Occupancy and abundance remained similar over time at most sites. However, by 2023 the subspecies had recolonized areas in the north-east of its range where it had disappeared between surveys in the 1980s and 2010s, and three south-western subpopulations that were considered extinct in the 1980s were rediscovered. Recolonization and increases in abundance at numerous sites between the 2010s and 2020s are associated with declines in feral goat abundance, indicating dietary and habitat competition are major threats. Exclusion fences erected since 2010 could limit genetic exchange between rock-wallaby subpopulations whilst allowing domestic goats to be commercially grazed. Petrogale xanthopus celeris should remain categorized as Vulnerable based on these ongoing threats. Repeated monitoring approximately every decade should underpin management of this endemic taxon.
Early adoption of international policy innovations: A theoretical framework – with evidence on business and human rights in Colombia and Ecuador
Authors: Higham Ian 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
This article proposes a theoretical framework for explaining the motivations behind the early adoption of international public policy innovations. While there has been a proliferation of transnational policy diffusion studies, there is less research on why some governments become early adopters when new international policy norms are promoted. Most research on the topic looks only at monocausal explanations without considering their interactions in a coherent, integrated framework. The article proposes four motivations for early adoption: normative, reputation, competition, and locking-in. The framework is then illustrated by application to the early adoption of business and human rights policy innovations, with Colombia and Ecuador serving as two cases for comparative analysis. The article advances understanding of early adoption and policy diffusion by highlighting particularly important explanations for what motivates early adopters to begin processes of subsequent diffusion and suggesting how motivations may interact to strengthen the case for early adoption.
Norm waverers and norm enforcement: ASEAN, Myanmar, and the anti-coup norm
Authors: Plunkett Anna , Tansey Oisin 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
Since the end of the Cold War, democracies have sought to create a range of normative and international legal standards intended to reduce the frequency, and legitimacy, of coups. The rise of the anti-coup norm has led to the isolation and punishment of numerous coup-created governments, and evidence suggests it has helped reduce the frequency of coup attempts. However, the norm is contested, and coup leaders often find that the international condemnation they face is countered by quiet acquiescence or active support by international allies. This paper examines the politics of norm contestation around the anti-coup norm by considering the international response to the 2021 coup in Myanmar. It introduces the concept of ‘norm waverers’ and illustrates how committed norm promoters and norm resisters often try to persuade norm waverers – in this case exemplified by ASEAN (the Association of Southeast Asian Nations) – to join their respective camps. International pressure after the Myanmar coup induced ASEAN to take steps to enforce the anti-coup norm. But these ultimately reflected a concern with its own reputation and credibility, rather than any underlying institutional commitment to the norm itself. The result was a shallow institutionalisation of the anti-coup norm.
Is Enhanced Transparency the “Backbone” of the Paris Agreement? A Critical Assessment
Authors: van Deursen Max , Gupta Aarti 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
This article scrutinizes the role of transparency in the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change (UNFCCC). Specifically, it examines a widely heard claim that ‘transparency is the backbone of the Paris Agreement’, and the assumption that mandatory transparency (reporting and review) is essential to fill potential gaps in climate action left by voluntary, nationally determined climate targets. We subject this claim to critical scrutiny by tracing the political contestations around the desired role of transparency in the UNFCCC, with a focus on mitigation-related transparency. Our analysis shows that, despite developing countries expressing concerns during the pre-Paris negotiations, the Paris Agreement's enhanced transparency framework (ETF) is almost exclusively ‘enhanced’ (compared with earlier provisions) for developing countries, with some instances of regression for developed countries. Furthermore, the effects of such enhanced reporting are not straightforward and might de facto have an impact on countries’ autonomy to nationally determine their mitigation targets in diverse ways, even as all the detailed reporting does not facilitate comparability of effort. With implementation of the ETF due to start in 2024, our analysis provides a timely exploration of the extent to which transparency is really a backbone of the Paris Agreement, and for whom and with what implications for ambitious action from all under the international climate regime. It calls into question whether the transformative potential of transparency, much extolled within the UNFCCC process, will materialize for all countries in a similar manner or rather will have an impact on countries differentially.
Modeling the Effects of Vegetation and Snow on Dust Storm Over the Gobi Desert
Authors: Hao Yueting , Wang Zilin , Xue Lian , Lou Sijia , Ding Ke , Qin Yue , Huang Xin 
Published: November 2024

AbstractThe Gobi Desert is a prominent dust source in Asia, where the dust storm is severe and features great interannual and seasonal variability. Previous studies have found land surface variation plausibly plays an important role in the occurrence and intensity of dust storms. However, the quantitative estimation and numerical description in current models are still limited. Here, a comprehensive study utilizing multiple observations and modeling methods to assess the influence of vegetation and snow on dust was conducted. We found that Gobi deserts exhibit substantial monthly and interannual variability in dust storms, which shows a close connection with vegetation and snow. To quantitatively understand the impact of vegetation and snow cover on dust emissions and also to better characterize such effects in numerical models, we introduced a high‐resolution dynamic dust source function that incorporates the effects of vegetation and snow on erodibility. The new parameterization noticeably improved dust‐related simulations, including aerosol optical thickness and PM10 concentrations, and provided insights into the distinct effects of vegetation and snow on dust emissions. This study sheds light on the effects of vegetation and snow on dust storms over the Gobi Desert, highlighting the importance of dynamic representation of time‐varying surface properties in dust simulation.
The effectiveness and usability of online, group-based interventions for people with severe obesity: a systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Milne-Ives Madison , Burns Lorna , Swancutt Dawn , Calitri Raff , Ananthakrishnan Ananya , Davis Helene , Pinkney Jonathan , Tarrant Mark , Meinert Edward 
Published: November 2024

AbstractLong wait times, limited resources, and a lack of local options mean that many people with severe obesity cannot access treatment. Face-to-face group-based interventions have been found effective and can treat multiple people simultaneously, but are limited by service capacity. Digital group interventions could reduce wait times, but research on their effectiveness is limited. This systematic review aimed to examine the literature about online group-based interventions for adults with severe obesity (BMI ≥ 35 kg/m2). The review followed the PRISMA and PICOS frameworks. MEDLINE, Embase, CINAHL, Web of Science, and Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials were searched. Two authors independently screened articles. Data extraction, analysis, and quality assessment (using RoB2 and MMAT) was shared between two authors. A meta-analysis was conducted on eligible studies; other results were descriptively analysed. 20 papers reporting on 15 studies were included. Most studies reported some evidence of weight loss, but evidence of weight-related behaviour change was mixed. A meta-analysis on four studies indicated that online, group-based interventions had a statistically significant impact on weight loss (p = 0.001; 95% CI −0.69 to −0.17) with a small-to-moderate effect size, compared to waitlist or standard care conditions. Online interventions were considered more convenient but lack of familiarity with the group or counsellor, accessibility issues, and time constraints hindered engagement. Technical support, incentives, and interactive forums to improve group cohesion could mitigate these barriers. The findings suggested that online, group-based interventions are feasible and potentially beneficial, but barriers such as internet accessibility, digital literacy, and unfamiliarity with group members need to be mitigated. Key recommendations to improve experience and impact include providing instructions and run-throughs, building group cohesion, and providing session and additional content throughout the intervention. Future studies should focus on the influence of specific intervention characteristics and investigate the effect of these interventions compared to face-to-face interventions. Registration: National Institute for Health Research, PROSPERO CRD42021227101; https://www.crd.york.ac.uk/prospero/display_record.php?ID=CRD42021227101.
A computational signature of self-other mergence in Borderline Personality Disorder
Authors: Story Giles W. , Ereira Sam , Valle Stephanie , Chamberlain Samuel R. , Grant Jon E. , Dolan Raymond J. 
Published: November 2024

AbstractA tendency to merge mental representations of self and other is thought to underpin the intense and unstable relationships that feature in Borderline Personality Disorder (BPD). However, clinical theories of BPD do not specify, in computational terms, how the perspectives of self and other might become confused. To address this question, we used a probabilistic false belief task (p-FBT) to examine how individuals with BPD (N = 38) and matched controls from the general population (N = 74) selectively assigned beliefs to self or other. The p-FBT requires participants to track a gradually changing quantity, whilst also predicting another person’s belief about that quantity. We found that BPD participants showed less selectivity in belief assignment compared with controls (Cohen’s d = 0.64). Behaviourally, participants with BPD tended to predict that others’ beliefs resembled their own. Modelling analysis revealed that BPD participants were prone to generalise their own learning signals to others. Furthermore, this generalising tendency correlated with BPD symptomatology across participants, even when controlling for demographic factors and affective psychopathology. Our results support a computational account of self-other mergence, based on a generalisation of learning across agents. Self-other generalisation in learning purports to explain key clinical features of BPD, and suggests a potential transdiagnostic marker of mentalising capability.
Immunological reconstitution and infections after alloHCT - a comparison between post-transplantation cyclophosphamide, ATLG and non-ATLG based GvHD prophylaxis
Authors: Meyer Thomas , Maas-Bauer Kristina , Wäsch Ralph , Duyster Justus , Zeiser Robert , Finke Jürgen , Wehr Claudia 
Published: November 2024

AbstractImmunological reconstitution after allogeneic hematopoietic cell transplantation (alloHCT) is critical for patient survival. We compared short- and long-term immune reconstitution and clinical endpoints in adult recipients of haploidentical or mismatched T cell replete peripheral blood stem cell transplants (PBSCT) with post-transplant cyclophosphamide as GvHD prophylaxis (PTCY, n = 68) to: (a) patients receiving matched unrelated grafts and anti-T lymphocyte globulin (ATLG) (MUD/ATLG, n = 280); (b) patients with a mismatched donor and ATLG (MM/ATLG, n = 54); and (c) recipients of matched related grafts without ATLG (MRD/NoATLG, n = 97). PTCY was associated with delayed neutrophil engraftment, low NK-cell counts on day 30 and reduced CD8+ cells on days 60–80. In terms of long-term reconstitution, PTCY recipients demonstrated significantly higher CD4+ counts from day 100–365, primarily derived from naïve T cells. Additionally, B-lymphocyte counts at one year were highest in the PTCY group. Early morbidity and mortality due to infectious complications (viral reactivation, (blood stream) infections) were most frequent in PTCY patients during the first three months. However, beyond three months, no PTCY patient suffered a fatal infection. Our study highlights the pattern of early immunodeficiency followed by robust long-term immune reconstitution in PTCY recipients, identifying critical time periods of risk that could be targeted to optimise patient survival and reduce infectious complications.
Chromatin landscape dynamics during reprogramming towards human naïve and primed pluripotency reveals the divergent function of PRDM1 isoforms
Authors: Zhou Jianfeng , Guo Mingyue , Yang Guang , Cui Xinyu , Hu Jindian , Lin Tan , Wang Hong , Gao Shaorong , Jiang Cizhong , Wang Liping , Wang Yixuan 
Published: November 2024

AbstractInduced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) technology holds great potential in both scientific research and clinical applications. It enables the generation of naïve and primed iPSCs from various cell types through different strategies. Despite extensive characterizations of transcriptional and epigenetic factors, the intricacies of chromatin landscape dynamics during naïve and primed reprogramming, particularly in humans, remain poorly understood. In this study, we employed ATAC-seq and RNA-seq analyses to delineate and compare the chromatin landscape of naïve and primed pluripotency through the human secondary reprogramming system. Our investigations revealed several key transcriptional and epigenetic factors pivotal for reprogramming-associated chromatin remodeling. Notably, we found two isoforms of PRDM1, PRDM1α, and PRDM1β, bind to distinct genomic loci and play different roles in the naïve reprogramming process. We proposed an auto-regulatory model explaining the distinct functions of PRDM1α and PRDM1β. Overall, our findings highlight the complexity and diversity of transcription factors in shaping chromatin landscape dynamics and directing the fates of pluripotent cells.
Placental T2* as a measure of placental function across field strength from 0.55T to 3T
Authors: Hall Megan , Verdera Jordina Aviles , Cromb Daniel , Silva Sara Neves , Rutherford Mary , Counsell Serena J. , Hajnal Joseph V , Story Lisa , Hutter Jana 
Published: November 2024

AbstractPlacental MRI is increasingly implemented in clinical obstetrics and research. Functional imaging, especially T2*, has been shown to vary across gestation and in pathology. Translation into the clinical arena has been slow because of time taken to mask the region of interest and owing to differences in T2* results depending on field strength. This paper contributes methodology to remove these barriers by utilising data from 0.55, 1.5 and 3T MRI to provide a fully automated segmentation tool; determining field strength dependency of placental assessment techniques; and deriving normal ranges for T2* by gestational age but independent of field strength. T2* datasets were acquired across field strengths. Automatic quantification including fully automatic masking was achieved and tested in 270 datasets across fields. Normal curves for quantitative placental mean T2*, volume and other derived measurements were obtained in 273 fetal MRI scans and z-scores calculated. The fully automatic segmentation achieved excellent quantification results (Dice scores of 0.807 at 3T, 0.796 at 1.5T and 0.815 at 0.55T.). Similar changes were seen between placental T2* and gestational age across all three field strengths (p < 0.05). Z-scores were generated. This study provides confidence in the translatability of T2* trends across field strengths in fetal imaging.
Higher eigenvector centrality in grooming network is linked to better inhibitory control task performance but not other cognitive tasks in free-ranging Japanese macaques
Authors: Kaigaishi Yu , Yamamoto Shinya 
Published: November 2024

AbstractThe Social Intelligence Hypothesis predicts that complex social environments promote higher cognitive capacities. This hypothesis is often tested by comparing species or conspecific groups with varying group sizes or social structures. However, individual social environments differ not only among species or groups but also within the same group. We examined the relationship between social centrality and cognitive ability in wild Japanese macaques (Macaca fuscata). We created a grooming network using data from 196 adult macaques and calculated social centrality for each individual. We then tested the macaques with a cognitive test battery to assess their abilities in social, physical, and inhibitory control domains. Our findings revealed that social centrality was uniquely associated with inhibitory control performance, particularly in the behavioral inhibition task, but not with other cognitive domains. This suggests that inhibitory control, a key component of executive functions, plays a pivotal role in the social lives of wild Japanese macaques.
Privacy guarantees for personal mobility data in humanitarian response
Authors: Kohli Nitin , Aiken Emily , Blumenstock Joshua E. 
Published: November 2024

AbstractPersonal mobility data from mobile phones and other sensors are increasingly used to inform policymaking during pandemics, natural disasters, and other humanitarian crises. However, even aggregated mobility traces can reveal private information about individual movements to potentially malicious actors. This paper develops and tests an approach for releasing private mobility data, which provides formal guarantees over the privacy of the underlying subjects. Specifically, we (1) introduce an algorithm for constructing differentially private mobility matrices and derive privacy and accuracy bounds on this algorithm; (2) use real-world data from mobile phone operators in Afghanistan and Rwanda to show how this algorithm can enable the use of private mobility data in two high-stakes policy decisions: pandemic response and the distribution of humanitarian aid; and (3) discuss practical decisions that need to be made when implementing this approach, such as how to optimally balance privacy and accuracy. Taken together, these results can help enable the responsible use of private mobility data in humanitarian response.