bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
On the almost sure central limit theorem for ARX processes in adaptive tracking
Authors: Bercu Bernard , Vázquez Víctor 
Published: June 2019

SummaryThe goal of this paper is to highlight the almost sure central limit theorem (ASCLT) for martingales to the control community. We shall establish the ASCLT for the least squares estimator of the unknown parameter of a controllable ARX(p,q) process in adaptive tracking. The usual notion of controllability for ARX(p,q) processes allows us to avoid the use of a persistent excitation in the adaptive tracking control. We shall also provide strongly consistent estimators of the even moments of the driven noise as well as two quadratic strong laws for the average costs and the estimation errors sequences. Our theoretical results are illustrated by numerical experiments.
Prescribed performance adaptive fuzzy dynamic surface control of nonaffine time‐varying delayed systems with unknown control directions and dead‐zone input
Authors: Tooranjipour Pouria , Vatankhah Ramin , Arefi Mohammad Mehdi 
Published: June 2019

SummaryIn this paper, an adaptive prescribed performance control method is presented for a class of uncertain strict feedback nonaffine nonlinear systems with the coupling effect of time‐varying delays, dead‐zone input, and unknown control directions. Owing to the universal approximation property, fuzzy logic systems are used to approximate the uncertain terms in the system. Since there is no systematic approach to determine the required upper bounds of errors in control systems, the prior selection of control parameters to have a satisfactory performance is somehow impossible. Therefore, the prescribed performance technique as a solution is applied in this study to bring satisfactory performance indices to the system such as overshoot and steady state performance within a predetermined bound. Dynamic surface control strategy is also introduced to the proposed control scheme to address the “explosion of complexity” behavior existing in conventional backstepping methods. To ease the control design, the mean‐value theorem is utilized to transform the nonaffine system into the affine one. Moreover, with the help of this theorem, the unknown dead‐zone nonlinearity is separated into the linear and nonlinear disturbance‐like bounded term. The proposed method relaxes a prior knowledge of control direction by employing Nussbaum‐type functions, and the effect of time‐varying delays are compensated by constructing the proper Lyapunov‐Krasovskii functions. The proposed controller guarantees that all the closed‐loop signals are semiglobally uniformly ultimately bounded and the error evolves within the decaying prescribed bounds. In the end, in order to demonstrate the superiority of this method, simulation examples are given.
Biological Nanofibrous Generator for Electricity Harvest from Moist Air Flow
Authors: Li Mingjie , Zong Lu , Yang Weiqing , Li Xiankai , You Jun , Wu Xiaochen , Li Zehui , Li Chaoxu 
Published: June 2019

AbstractElectricity harvest from ubiquitous water has been endeavored, using nanogenerators based on carbon nanomaterials, to acquire renewable and clean energy and cope with fossil depletion and pollution as well. Meanwhile, though many biological organisms can harness water for bioelectricity, it is still challenging to produce biological nanogenerators based on biological nanomaterials with billions of tons of annual production in nature. Herein biological nanofibrils, including cellulose, chitin, silk fibroin, and amyloid, are produced either by liquid‐exfoliation of biomasses or by supramolecular assembly of bio‐macromolecules. With the intrinsic hydrophilicity and charged states, they can capture moisture from air and form hydrated nanochannels, in analogue to ionic channels of cytomembranes. When exposing their aerogels to moist air flow, there is a balance of water absorption and evaporation, thus producing a streaming potential and an open‐circuit voltage across the aerogel. With flexibility, sustainability, biocompatibility, and biodegradability, these biological nanogenerators can harvest electricity from moist air flow in nature (e.g., wind, respiration and perspiration) and in industry, and serve for environmentally‐friendly, low‐cost, high‐efficiency, wearable, and miniaturized power devices.
Facile Phototherapeutic Nanoplatform by Integrating a Multifunctional Polymer and MnO2 for Enhancing Tumor Synergistic Therapy
Authors: Zhao Menglong , Xie Mingjuan , Guo Jungu , Feng Wei , Xu Yunjian , Liu Xiangmei , Liu Shujuan , Zhao Qiang 
Published: June 2019

AbstractRecent studies indicate that the synergistic phototherapy (SPT) process can simultaneously generate heat for photothermal therapy (PTT) and singlet oxygen (1O2) for photodynamic therapy (PDT) to overcome the recurrence of tumors. However, the hypoxic environment in tumors seriously limits the therapeutic effect of the oxygen‐dependent PDT, leading to the domination of PTT in the SPT process. Therefore, it is urgent to develop a novel SPT platform for overcoming hypoxia in tumors and improving the therapeutic effect of both PTT and PDT. In this work, a novel phototherapeutic platform based on a nanocomposite of aza‐BODIPY/manganese dioxide (MnO2) is developed via simple electrostatic self‐assembly. In this design, MnO2 nanosheets, which could produce heat and catalyze endogenous hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) to generate oxygen, are prepared as a nanocarrier. After being coated with the as‐prepared water‐soluble aza‐BODIPY‐based polymer (PPAIB), the obtained MnO2@PPAIB performs as a smart phototherapeutic agent for enhancing the efficiency of both PTT and PDT. More importantly, compared to PPAIB, MnO2@PPAIB generates more heat and reactive oxygen species to realize the enhanced therapy effects of PTT and PDT. Hence, this work provides a new method to enhance the therapeutic efficacy of SPT by using a polymer/MnO2 nanoplatform to improve the oxygen concentration and produce more heat.
Flexible, Printable Soft‐X‐Ray Detectors Based on All‐Inorganic Perovskite Quantum Dots
Authors: Liu Jingying , Shabbir Babar , Wang Chujie , Wan Tao , Ou Qingdong , Yu Pei , Tadich Anton , Jiao Xuechen , Chu Dewei , Qi Dongchen , Li Dabing , Kan Ruifeng , Huang Yamin , Dong Yemin , Jasieniak Jacek , Zhang Yupeng , Bao Qiaoliang 
Published: June 2019

AbstractMetal halide perovskites represent a family of the most promising materials for fascinating photovoltaic and photodetector applications due to their unique optoelectronic properties and much needed simple and low‐cost fabrication process. The high atomic number (Z) of their constituents and significantly higher carrier mobility also make perovskite semiconductors suitable for the detection of ionizing radiation. By taking advantage of that, the direct detection of soft‐X‐ray‐induced photocurrent is demonstrated in both rigid and flexible detectors based on all‐inorganic halide perovskite quantum dots (QDs) synthesized via a solution process. Utilizing a synchrotron soft‐X‐ray beamline, high sensitivities of up to 1450 µC Gyair−1 cm−2 are achieved under an X‐ray dose rate of 0.0172 mGyair s−1 with only 0.1 V bias voltage, which is about 70‐fold more sensitive than conventional α‐Se devices. Furthermore, the perovskite film is printed homogeneously on various substrates by the inexpensive inkjet printing method to demonstrate large‐scale fabrication of arrays of multichannel detectors. These results suggest that the perovskite QDs are ideal candidates for the detection of soft X‐rays and for large‐area flat or flexible panels with tremendous application potential in multidimensional and different architectures imaging technologies.
Ultrasensitive Ebola Virus Antigen Sensing via 3D Nanoantenna Arrays
Authors: Zang Faheng , Su Zhijuan , Zhou Liangcheng , Konduru Krishnamurthy , Kaplan Gerardo , Chou Stephen Y. 
Published: June 2019

AbstractSensitive detection of pathogens is crucial for early disease diagnosis and quarantine, which is of tremendous need in controlling severe and fatal illness epidemics such as of Ebola virus (EBOV) disease. Serology assays can detect EBOV‐specific antigens and antibodies cost‐effectively without sophisticated equipment; however, they are less sensitive than reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction (RT‐PCR) tests. Herein, a 3D plasmonic nanoantenna assay sensor is developed as an on‐chip immunoassay platform for ultrasensitive detection of Ebola virus (EBOV) antigens. The EBOV sensor exhibits substantial fluorescence intensity enhancement in immunoassays compared to flat gold substrate. The nanoantenna‐based biosensor successfully detects EBOV soluble glycoprotein (sGP) in human plasma down to 220 fg mL−1, a significant 240 000‐fold sensitivity improvement compared to the 53 ng mL−1 EBOV antigen detection limit of the existing rapid EBOV immunoassay. In a mock clinical trial, the sensor detects sGP‐spiked human plasma samples at two times the limit of detection with 95.8% sensitivity. The results combined highlight the nanosensor's extraordinary capability of detecting EBOV antigen at ultralow concentration compared to existing immunoassay methods. It is a promising next‐generation bioassay platform for early‐stage disease diagnosis and pathogen detection for both public health and national security applications.
TriboPump: A Low‐Cost, Hand‐Powered Water Disinfection System
Authors: Ding Wenbo , Zhou Jianfeng , Cheng Jia , Wang Zhaozheng , Guo Hengyu , Wu Changsheng , Xu Sixing , Wu Zhiyi , Xie Xing , Wang Zhong Lin 
Published: June 2019

AbstractWater disinfection at the point of use (POU) has enormous social and economic significance, especially for rural areas or catastrophes. To tackle the requirements of power independence and cost control in such applications, the concept of TriboPump is proposed, which is a low‐cost, hand‐powered water disinfection system. The system consists of three functional parts: a tubular coaxial‐electrode copper ionization cell (CECIC) as the disinfection device, a disk triboelectric nanogenerator (D‐TENG) as the power source, and a coaxial mechanical structure including the water pump. The adoption of D‐TENG can make the system adaptive to varying system resistances without additional power management circuits. Moreover, the integration of CECIC and TENG can successfully turn their intrinsic limitations into advantages and a synergic effect is achieved. With the integrated design, the system can effectively disinfect the water while pumping it solely by hand power. The cost estimate of the whole system can be as low as $10 for a 2‐year service. It is believed that the whole system design provides a feasible one‐stop and cost‐efficient solution for POU water pumping and disinfection, which will ideally be suitable the rural areas or sudden‐onset catastrophes.
Microstructural porosity in additive manufacturing: The formation and detection of pores in metal parts fabricated by powder bed fusion
Authors: Sola Antonella , Nouri Alireza 
Published: June 2019

AbstractMetal additive manufacturing (AM) is an innovative manufacturing technique that can build complex and high value metal parts layer by layer using a computerized three‐dimensional solid model. Powder bed fusion (PBF) is one of the most common AM techniques. It sequentially processes a powdered feedstock in thin layers and solidifies it by either a laser beam or an electron beam. However, PBF induces microstructural defects that can adversely affect the performance of the manufactured components. These undesirable defects including voids and porosities must be avoided or minimized to limit their negative effects on mechanical properties and to ensure the consistency and repeatability of AM parts. The present article provides an overview of the formation mechanisms of pores in AM metals and some emerging techniques for the detection and quantification of pores. The review also highlights other common defects in PBF parts such as microstructural features associated with keyhole mode of melting.
Influence of ionic liquid on glass transition, dynamic rheology, and thermal stability of poly(methyl methacrylate)/silica nanocomposites
Authors: Xu Yiting , Xu Huilong , Zheng Qiang , Song Yihu 
Published: June 2019

ABSTRACTThe nanofiller dispersion greatly influences the properties of nanocomposites. Herein an ionic liquid, 1‐ethyl‐3‐methylimidazolium tetrafluoroborate, is introduced in poly(methyl methacrylate) (PMMA) nanocomposites for mediating dispersion of silica filler. As elucidated by rheology, the ionic liquid is able to improve the degree of retardation of chains diffusion induced by silica although it eliminates the elevation of glass transition. Simultaneously, the ionic liquid incorporated can improve thermal and thermal‐oxidative stability of PMMA due to trapping of radicals and blocking oxygen penetration. © 2019 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Appl. Polym. Sci. 2019, 136, 48007.
Fabrication of Surlyn ionomer fibers using a novel coextrusion approach and mechanical property characterization
Authors: Wang Xinting , Li Xiangjie , Grimme Christian , Olah Andrew , Baer Eric , Wnek Gary E. 
Published: June 2019

ABSTRACTWe report the fabrication of poly (ethylene‐co‐methacrylic acid) sodium‐neutralized ionomer (Surlyn 8940) fibers via a forced‐assembly coextrusion and layer multiplication process with polystyrene (PS) as the matrix material. The PS separating materials were removed by toluene extraction to yield independent Surlyn fibers. The tensile properties of Surlyn fiber strands were studied under different strain rates. Surlyn fibers were oriented to 300% strain at different temperatures to study the effect of orientation on the tensile properties. The oriented Surlyn fibers were annealed after orientation to further enhance the mechanical properties. Further drawing of these oriented fiber mats to a draw ratio of 4 at 60 °C followed by annealing at 60 °C can afford moduli in excess of 350 MPa and tensile strengths in excess of 70 MPa. © 2019 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Appl. Polym. Sci. 2019, 136, 48046.
Preparation and rheological study of pentaerythritol triacrylate grafted onto polypropylene induced by air plasma
Authors: Meng Xiao‐Mei , Ma Zhe , Ma Gui‐Qiu , Sheng Jing 
Published: June 2019

ABSTRACTThe surface modification of isotactic polypropylene by dielectric barrier discharge of air plasma is studied. The air plasma induces melt grafting of pentaerythritol triacrylate onto polypropylene, which successfully introduces polar long‐chain branching (LCB) structure into polymer bulk. The results of X‐ray photoelectron spectroscopy show that C─O and CO oxygen‐containing functional groups are formed on polypropylene surface, of which the functional groups contents can reach 24.4 and 12.0%, respectively. It is found that there is an optimum plasma treatment time of 4 min to obtain the high peroxides concentration of about 3.38–3.69 × 10−7 mol cm−2. The highest grafting degree of this plasma method is 1.79%, which achieves the same level as the chemical grafting method. The molecular structural change of the graft‐modified polypropylene, in the form of LCB is investigated by shear rheology. © 2019 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Appl. Polym. Sci. 2019, 136, 48054.
Do active‐dispersing insects dominate the invertebrate fauna of rock pools in the wet–dry tropics, Kimberley, Australia?
Authors: Carey Nicole , Cross Adam T. , Barrett Matthew D. , Robson Belinda J. 
Published: June 2019

Abstract

Invertebrate assemblages of tropical freshwater rock pools (FRPs) are poorly known compared with temperate regions, where FRPs contain specialized, endemic taxa of high conservation value. Invertebrates were sampled from pristine FRPs in the Morgan River catchment in the Australian wet–dry tropics in the 2015 and 2016 wet seasons. Taxa were classified as either active or passive dispersers and by functional feeding groups. A range of physical variables were examined to identify associations with invertebrate assemblages.
Forty‐seven taxa were identified from FRPs; most were actively dispersing predatory insects, primarily Coleoptera and Hemiptera. Five adult insect species were found in most pools; other taxa were rare and scattered across FRPs. Two previously undescribed species of Spinicaudata were collected, but few crustacean taxa were recorded, and passively dispersing taxa were rare. Species accumulation curves indicated that had more pools been sampled, more taxa would have been collected in 2015, but in 2016 most species were collected.
There was no pattern in FRP assemblages related to any physical variable, but the assemblages in pools were correlated between sampling times. An opportunistic and mobile assemblage composed mostly of actively dispersing predatory insects may explain the absence of relationships with measured variables. Low hydrological stability in the wet–dry tropics may be associated with low taxon richness.
The dominance of actively dispersing insects is in contrast with FRP assemblages in temperate and arid regions. Studies of a wider range of FRPs from tropical regions are required to determine whether the fauna of these Kimberley FRPs are typical, and to fully describe short‐range endemic species across the Kimberley and elsewhere.
The FRPs have conservation value as habitat for endemic, specialist rock‐pool taxa, contributing to regional species pools. At present, a lack of knowledge of endemic FRP specialist species in tropical regions, including the Kimberley, impedes our ability to protect and conserve these species from disturbance.
Histochemical Study of the Emergence of Apoptosis and Altered SYCP3 Protein Distribution During the First Spermatogenic Wave in Wistar Rats
Authors: Escobar María L. , Echeverría Olga M. , Valenzuela Yunuen M. , Ortiz Rosario , Torres‐Ramírez Nayeli , Vázquez‐Nin Gerardo H. 
Published: June 2019

ABSTRACTApoptosis is a type of cell death responsible for maintaining tissue homeostasis that can occur in male gonads. The morphological and biochemical characteristics of apoptosis include cellular contraction, caspase activation, and DNA fragmentation. Dynamic processes of cell renewal and differentiation occur inside the seminiferous tubules, which are regulated by mitosis and meiosis, respectively. During meiosis, recombination is caused by assembly of the synaptonemal complex, which involves the participation of constitutive proteins, such as synaptonemal complex protein‐3 (SYCP3). The present study evaluated germinal cell death in immature male rats and the distribution of the SYCP3 protein. Our results indicate that as germinal cells progress to the second meiotic stage, significant numbers of them are eliminated by apoptosis. We determined that the SYCP3 protein is not always incorporated into the structure of the synaptonemal complex but rather forms a nuclear cumulus near the inner nuclear membrane, causing many of these cells to undergo apoptosis. We propose that both the excess of the SYCP3 protein and its accumulation during the first meiotic division could contribute to the cell death of primary spermatocytes during the first spermatogenic wave in prepubertal Wistar rats. Anat Rec, 302:2082–2092, 2019. © 2019 American Association for Anatomy
Weichang'an suppressed migration and invasion of HCT116 cells by inhibiting Wnt/β‐catenin pathway while upregulating ARHGAP25
Authors: Tao Li , Gu Ying , Zheng Jian , Yang Jinkun , Zhu Yingjie 
Published: June 2019

AbstractEvidence suggests that Weichang'an (WCA) inhibited the metastasis of colorectal cancer (CRC) in vitro and downregulates oncogenic β‐catenin; more intriguingly, we also found an upregulation of ARHGAP25 in this process. This study aimed to investigate the mechanisms by which WCA regulated CRC metastasis in vitro. Here, HCT116 cells were transfected with siRNAs to interfere ARHGAP25 expression. WCA decoction, XAV939 (a specific Wnt/β‐catenin pathway inhibitor), and LiCl (an activator for Wnt/β‐catenin pathway) were used for treatment. Cell migratory and invasive capacities were determined using Transwell chamber. The activation of Wnt/β‐catenin pathway was assessed by determining the expression of MMP7, MMP9, ZEB1, and β‐catenin. The study suggests that WCA inhibited the migration and invasion of HCT116 cells and suppressed the activation of Wnt/β‐catenin pathway, as evidenced by retarding MMP7, MMP9, ZEB1, and β‐catenin. However, siRNA–ARHGAP25 resulted in the opposite. In siRNA–ARHGAP25‐transfected HCT116 cells, WCA (0.4 mg/mL) induced the antimetastatic effects and the inactivation of Wnt/β‐catenin pathway was remarkably reversed with additional LiCl treatment. Our study concludes that inhibiting Wnt/β‐catenin pathway while promoting ARHGAP25 was the mechanism, whereby WCA retarded migration and invasion of CRC in vitro.
Rare cause of acute neck hematoma
Authors: Alfraidy Doaa , Helmi Hadeel , Alamodi Alghamdi Maha , Bokhari Areej , Alsaif Abdulaziz 
Published: June 2019

AbstractEmergencies in endocrine surgery are rare. Acute neck hematoma may result from recent surgery or spontaneous as with ruptured thyroidal cyst, thyroidal vessel, or parathyroid adenoma. We are reporting a case of acute neck hematoma caused by a ruptured of parathyroid adenoma, which required urgent surgical intervention.
Impact of the Oxygen Vacancies on Copper Electronic State and Activity of Cu‐Based Catalysts in the Hydrogenation of Methyl Acetate to Ethanol
Authors: Xi Yushan , Wang Yue , Yao Dawei , Li Antai , Zhang Jingyu , Zhao Yujun , Lv Jing , Ma Xinbin 
Published: June 2019

AbstractThe front cover artwork for issue 11/2019 is provided by Dr. Yue Wang and co‐workers from Tianjin University (P.R. China). The image shows the increased oxygen mobility of reducible support could effectively increase Cu+ species and further enhance the catalytic activity for methyl acetate hydrogenation. See the Full Paper itself at https://doi.org/10.1002/cctc.201900413.
Metal‐Carboxyl Helical Chain Secondary Units Supported Ion‐Exchangeable Anionic Uranyl–Organic Framework
Authors: Mei Lei , Liu Kang , Wu Si , Kong Xiang‐He , Hu Kong‐Qiu , Yu Ji‐Pan , Nie Chang‐Ming , Chai Zhi‐Fang , Shi Wei‐Qun 
Published: June 2019

AbstractAs a less explored avenue, actinide‐based metal‐organic frameworks (MOFs) are worth studying for the particularity of actinide nodes in coordination behaviour and assembly modes. In this work, an azobenzenetetracarboxylate‐based anionic MOF supported by uranyl–carboxyl helical chain units was synthesized, incorporating linear uranyl as the metal centre. This kind of helical chain‐type building unit is reported for the first time in uranyl‐based MOFs. Structural analysis reveals that the formation of helical chain secondary units can be attributed to restricted equatorial coordination of rigid flat azobenzene ligand to uranyl centres. Meanwhile, this newly‐synthesized anionic material has been used to remove Eu3+ ions, as a non‐radioactive surrogate of Am3+ ion, through an ion‐exchange process with [(CH3)2NH2]+ ions in its open channels, as evidenced by a combination of 1H NMR spectroscopy, EDS and PXRD.
Efficient Separation of Water from Diesel Fuel via Membrane Technology and Online Monitoring
Authors: Ebrahimi Mehrdad , Finger Christian , Schmitz Oliver , Schmidt Axel A. , Czermak Peter 
Published: June 2019

AbstractDie Abtrennung von Wasser aus Dieselkraftstoff ist aus sicherheitstechnischen, ökologischen sowie ökonomischen Gründen sehr wichtig, da es andernfalls u. a. zu einer schlechteren Verbrennungseffizienz und Motorproblemen kommen kann. Zudem lässt sich aus Ultra‐low‐sulfur‐Diesel (ULSD) das freie Wasser mit den klassischen Abscheidesystemen nur unzureichend abtrennen. Zur Lösung dieses Problems wurde ein Membranverfahren mit unterschiedlichen organischen/anorganischen Membranen für die selektive Abtrennung von Wassertropfen aus ULSD sowie ein innovativer Wasser‐in‐Öl‐Online‐Sensor entwickelt.