bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Evaluation of 3D measurement using CT-TDLAS
Authors: Jeon Min-Gyu , Doh Deog-Hee , Deguchi Yoshihiro , Kamimoto Takahiro , Cui Minchao 
Published: April 2019

In order to satisfy the requirements of high quality and optimal material manufacturing process, it is important to control the environment of the manufacturing process. Depending on these processes, it is possible to improve the quality of the product by adjusting various gases. With the advent of the tunable laser absorption spectroscopy (TDLAS) technique, the temperature and concentration of the gases can be measured simultaneously. Among them, computed tomography-tunable diode laser absorption spectroscopy (CT-TDLAS) is the most important technique for measuring the distributions of temperature and concentration across the two-dimensional planes. This study suggests a three-dimensional measurement to consider the irregular flow of supplying gases. The simultaneous multiplicative algebraic reconstruction technique (SMART) algorithm was used among the CT algorithms. Phantom datasets have been generated by using Gaussian distribution method. It can show expected temperature and concentration distributions. The (HITRAN) database in which the thermo-dynamical properties and the light spectra of H2O are listed were used for the numerical test. The relative average temperature error ratio in the results obtained by the SMART algorithm was about 3.2% for temperature. The maximum error was 86.8 K.
BlueIO
Authors: Jiang Zhe , Audsley Neil , Dong Pan 
Published: April 2019

In safety-critical systems, time predictability is vital. This extends to I/O operations that require predictability, timing-accuracy, parallel access, scalability, and isolation. Currently, existing approaches cannot achieve all these requirements at the same time. In this article, we propose a framework of hardware framework for real-time I/O virtualization—termed
BlueIO
—to meet all these requirements simultaneously.

BlueIO integrates the functionalities of I/O virtualization, low-layer I/O drivers, and a clock cycle level timing-accurate I/O controller (using the GPIOCP [36]). BlueIO provides this functionality in the hardware layer, supporting abstract virtualized access to I/O from the software domain. The hardware implementation includes I/O virtualization and I/O drivers, provides isolation and parallel (concurrent) access to I/O operations, and improves I/O performance. Furthermore, the approach includes the previously proposed GPIOCP to guarantee that I/O operations will occur at a specific clock cycle (i.e., be timing-accurate and predictable).
In this article, we present a hardware consumption analysis of BlueIO to show that it linearly scales with the number of CPUs and I/O devices, which is evidenced by our implementation in VLSI and FPGA. We also describe the design and implementation of BlueIO and demonstrate how a BlueIO-based system can be exploited to meet real-time requirements with significant improvements in I/O performance and a low running cost on different OSs.
Axitinib-Induced Hypothyroidism as a Predictor of Long-Term Survival in Patients with Metastatic Renal Cell Carcinoma
Authors: Takada Shinya , Hashishita Hirokazu , Nagamori Satoshi , Endo Masayuki 
Published: April 2019

Background: The side effects of sunitinib, namely onset of hypertension and hypothyroidism, have been reported to be predictive biomarkers of treatment efficacy. However, the relationship between hypothyroidism and prolongation of survival in treatment with axitinib, a drug similar to sunitinib, has not yet been reported. Objective: In this study, we examined the relationship between the onset of hypothyroidism caused by axitinib and overall survival (OS) and progression-free survival (PFS). Methods: In this retrospective study, 44 Japanese patients, including 30 men and 14 women, were enrolled. The average age of subjects in this study was 67 years. Results: During treatment, 68% of patients developed hypothyroidism, with an average peak thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH) value of 15.7 mIU/L. Patients with TSH > 4 mIU/L and required thyroid hormone regulation with levothyroxine had prolonged PFS (11.1 vs. 3.5 months; p = 0.002) and OS (26.4 vs. 15.6 months; p = 0.02). Hypothyroidism was found to be a significant side effect of axitinib in patients with metastatic renal cell carcinoma (mRCC). Patients with hypothyroidism had significantly longer PFS and OS. Conclusion: Our findings indicate that hypothyroidism may be a predictive marker of therapeutic effect of axitinib against mRCC.
REVIEW ON AFLATOXIN IN INDONESIAN FOOD- AND FEEDSTUFFS AND THEIR PRODUCTS
Authors: DHARMAPUTRA OKKY SETYAWATI 
Published: April 2019

Â Aflatoxin is a human carcinogen thatÂ could contaminate food- and feedstuffs, and hence is a major food quality problem throughout the world. Afiatoxin is produced by certain strains of AspergillusJlavus and //. parasiticus. A number of studies have been carried out in Indonesia on atlatoxin contamination in Indonesian food- and feedstuffs and their products from 1990 up to present. They were maize, maize product, peanuts, soybean and soybean meal, black and white pepper, feed ingredients; chicken and duck feeds. Samples were collected from farmers, traders (middlemen), retailers (markets), supermarkets, exporters; poultry and duck community-based farms; and feed mi l lÂ industries. High levels of aflatoxins were often found in maize, peanuts, chicken feed derived from markets, and duck feed. Low levels of aflatoxins were found in soybean meal and chicken feedstuff. Aflatoxins were not detected in soybean, black and white pepper. Other studies have also been carried out on the effect of carbondioxide (CO2), phosphine, black pepper extract and antagonistic fungi on aflatoxin production ofÂ A. flavus in vitro\Â and the effect of airtight storage, phosphine, ammonium hydroxide, fermentation process, bag types, and phosphine in combination with different bag types on atlatoxin contents of maize, peanuts and soybean meal. Some of these methods reduced aflatoxin contents significantly. Keywords: Aspergillus flavus I Aflatoxin / Food-and feed stuffs / Product
Introduction: Mobility Transformations and Cultural Exchange in Mongol Eurasia
Authors: Biran Michal 
Published: April 2019

AbstractThe Mongol Empire is as an early example of the transformative role of mobility, celebrated in the contemporary social sciences. The only way in which the Mongols who by the time of Chinggis Khan numbered less than a million nomads, were able to create and rule their huge empire was by fully mobilizing the resources—both human and material—from the regions under their control. This high measure of mobility fostered robust cross-cultural exchanges in various fields, resulting in a huge expansion of knowledge and connectivity, cultural relativism, and a common imperial culture—political, material, institutional—with regional variants. These developments set the stage for major transformations in world history. The introduction presents the articles included in this special issue, which tackle various case-studies of mobility and transformation while looking at the Mongol Empire in Eurasian perspective, and highlighting the impact of the Mongols’ indigenous culture on the proto-global world of the 13th and 14th centuries.
Reflections on the Islamization of Mongol Khans in Comparative Perspective
Authors: Jackson Peter 
Published: April 2019

AbstractThis paper compares the process of Islamization in the three westernmost Mongol states: the Chaghadaid Khanate in Central Asia; the Ilkhanate in Iran and Iraq; and the Jochid ulus (the Golden Horde) in the Pontic-Caspian steppes and the Volga region. It explores in greater depth the hallmarks of conversion, the agents of, and the motives for, Islamization and the limitations of its effects on royal policy. In particular, it highlights the tension between Islamic notions and the concept of religious pluralism that was central to the corpus of Mongol law (Yasa) established by Chinggis Khan.
Libraries, Books, and Transmission of Knowledge in Ilkhanid Baghdad
Authors: Biran Michal 
Published: April 2019

AbstractThe destruction of the Baghdadi libraries has been a powerful image connected to the Mongol conquest of 1258, often claimed to have precipitated the decline of Muslim civilization. This study, however, challenges this claim by reconstructing the state of libraries in Ilkhanid Baghdad, revealing a thriving intellectual community. Based on a close reading in Arabic biographical dictionaries and analysis of samāʿ and book lists, it elucidates the functions of libraries in Ilkhanid Baghdad, identifies channels of knowledge transmission, and offers a glimpse of the libraries’ holdings. Finally, it analyzes the Mongols’ role in invigorating local scholarship and the impact their rule had on Baghdad’s intellectual life.
A revision of Biting Midges of the Subgenera Forcipomyia (Metaforcipomyia) and F. (Saliohelea) from Costa Rica (Diptera: Ceratopogonidae)
Authors: SPINELLI GUSTAVO R. , MARINO PABLO I. , BORKENT ART 
Published: April 2019

The Costa Rican species of the subgenus Forcipomyia (Metaforcipomyia) Saunders are revised, primarily based on males. Fourteen new species are described and illustrated, F. (M.) pluvialis Malloch is redescribed, and a key to males and females is provided. One new species of the subgenus Forcipomyia (Saliohelea) Wirth & Ratanaworabhan is described and illustrated and F. (S.) leei Wirth & Ratanaworabhan is redescribed. Forcipomyia (Euprojoannisia) pechumani Bystrak & Wirth is transferred to the subgenus F. (Saliohelea). All adult F. (Metaforcipomyia) lack a hind tibial comb and males have antennal flagellomeres 5–8 fused and these are proposed synapomorphies of the subgenus. A truncate labrum is present in F. pluvialis, F. rivalis n. sp. and F. truncata n. sp. and is a derived feature indicating these species form a monophyletic group. We were unable to suggest a synapomorphy indicating the monophyly of F. (Saliohelea). Nearly all Costa Rican members of the subgenera F. (Metaforcipomyia) and F. (Saliohelea) are restricted to wet habitats and are excluded from the dry northwestern portion of this country. Eleven of the 15 new species described herein are present in the lowlands of Costa Rica, suggesting they are actually more broadly distributed to the north and/or south.
A new species of Catocala Schrank, 1802 (Lepidoptera, Erebidae) from China
Authors: SALDAITIS AIDAS , IVINSKIS POVILAS , FLORIANI ALESSANDRO , BABICS JÁNOS 
Published: April 2019

A new species, Catocala borthi, from southwest China is described. The new species differs in appearance, genitalia and DNA from its closest known relative C. koreana Staudinger, 1892 and from the sympatric C. fulminea (Scopoli, 1763). In addition, three taxa, Catocala invasa Leech, 1900, syn. n., Catocala invasa melli Ishizuka 2001, syn. n. and Catocala fulminea tungus Ishizuka 2009, syn. n. are synonymised with Catocala fulminea fulminea (Scopoli, 1763). DNA barcodes (658 base pairs of Cytochrome Oxidase Subunit I 5' region, COI-5P) were sequenced at the University of Guelph (see Hebert et al. 2003). Nomenclature follows Goater et al. 2003; Ishizuka 2001, 2009, 2011; Kononenko et al. 1998; Kononenko 2011; Park et al. 2006). Institutional acronyms are: AFM = Alessandro Floriani (Milan, Italy); BMNH – British Museum (Natural History), London; GBG/ZSM = Gottfried Behounek (Grafing, Germany)/Zoologische Staatssammlung, München (Germany); HNHM – Hungarian Natural History Museum (Budapest, Hungary); NRCV = Nature Research Centre (Vilnius, Lithuania).
Revision of the Australian species of the ant genus Anochetus (Hymenoptera: Formicidae)
Authors: SHATTUCK STEVEN O. , SLIPINSKA EWA 
Published: April 2019

The Australian species of the ponerine ant genus Anochetus are revised. Fourteen species are known from Australia with eight described here for the first time (alae n. sp, armstrongi McAreavey, avius n. sp., graeffei Mayr, isolatus Mann, paripungens Brown, rectangularis Mayr, renatae n. sp., rufolatus n. sp., rufostenus n. sp., turneri Forel, veronicae n. sp., victoriae n. sp., wiesiae n. sp.). Twelve are endemic to Australia while two are shared with Australia’s northern neighbours. Most species are restricted to tropical regions with only two known from southern Australia. While the majority of species are found in forested habitats, ranging from rainforest to dry sclerophyll woodlands, in southern regions they extend into drier shrub and bush dominated sites.
Revision of the Old World species of the genus Tephritis (Diptera, Tephritidae) with a pair of isolated apical spots
Authors: KORNEYEV SEVERYN V. , KORNEYEV VALERY A. 
Published: April 2019

Species of the genus Tephritis usually have the wing pattern with dark rays on veins R4+5 and M connected to the preapical dark spot or to each other (often called the “apical fork). Some species, however, have a solid apical crossband (Korneyev, 2013), whereas others have an isolated pair of apical spots. Specimens with the latter morphological character occasionally occur in many species with typical wing patterns, but in this article we focus on the species that normally have it. They occur mostly in the Palaearctic Region, except T. candidipennis Foote, 1960 from North America. A total of twenty species are recognized in this complex, including three new species and two new subspecies: Tephritis arsenii S. Korneyev, 2015, T. bardanae (Schrank 1803), T. conyzifoliae Merz 1992, T. crepidis Hendel 1927, T. dilacerata (Loew 1846), T. dilacerata kaszabi new subspecies, T. formosa (Loew 1844), T. ghissarica new species, T. hendeliana Hering 1944, T. hyoscyami (Linnaeus 1758), T. kyrghyzica new species, T. kogardtauica Hering 1944, T. kovalevi Korneyev & Kameneva 1990, T. kovalevi kumana new subspecies; T. postica (Loew 1844), T. stictica Loew 1862, T. theryi Séguy 1930, T. tridentata S. Korneyev & Mohamadzade-Namin 2013, T. truncata (Loew 1844), T. valida (Loew 1862), T. youngiana new species, and T. zernyi Hendel 1927. Most of the species are keyed, redescribed and illustrated based on extensive material from the Palaearctic Region. Lectotypes of T. dilacerata, T. formosa, T. hendeliana, T. truncata, T. valida, T. posis, T. heiseri, T. procera and a neotype for T. postica are designated. Known host plants of this complex belong to the tribes Anthemideae, Cardueae, Cichorieae, Inuleae, and Senecioneae (Asteraceae); preliminary comparison of the morphological characters (other than the wing pattern) with the distribution among host plants shows that the flies apparently do not form a monophyletic group, belonging to several different lineages, which also include other species with the typical “forked wing pattern. New distribution records and host plants are reported. The following synonymies are established: Musca hyoscyami Linnaeus 1758 = Tephritis heiseri Frauenfeld 1865 new synonym; Trypeta postica Loew 1844 = Tephritis posis Hering 1939 new synonym.
Animal Experimentation and Ethics in India: The CPCSEA Makes a Difference
Authors: Pereira Shiranee , Veeraraghavan Prema , Ghosh Sonya , Gandhi Maneka 
Published: April 2019

The Committee for the Purpose of Control and Supervision of Experiments on Animals (CPCSEA) is a statutory body formed by the Act of the Indian Parliament under the Prevention of Cruelty to Animals Act 1960. Formed in 1964, it was revived in 1998, under the committed chairpersonship of Maneka Gandhi. In the last two years, the CPCSEA has bettered the life of the animals in laboratories across India. This committee is composed of members of the scientific community, regulatory authorities and animal activists. The CPCSEA functions with a brilliant network of volunteers who liaise with the laboratories. For the first time in India: over 665 laboratories are registered with the CPCSEA; Institutional Animal Ethics Committees (IAECs) are constituted in every laboratory, which are only empowered to approve research project proposals that use rats, mice, guinea-pigs or rabbits; every project that uses canines, ovines, bovines or non-human primates can only be conducted if approved by the panel of scientific experts constituted for this purpose; guidelines on laboratory animal care and practice have been formulated and enforced; a protocol for the production of immunobiologicals from equines has been formulated and ratified by the Supreme Court of India; the CPCSEA has been deliberating on alternatives and working out modalities to introduce alternatives in basic/regulatory research and education, in keeping with the international arena; the CPCSEA, to date, has rehabilitated and homed over 300 dogs, 150 equines, 200 non-human primates and several cattle, cats, birds, rabbits and mice; the CPCSEA proactively trains and guides scientific and non-scientific personnel on issues of alternatives and laboratory animal welfare; and the CPCSEA has fought legal issues on laboratory animal care and use and have had verdicts that favoured alternatives and animal welfare. The greatness of a nation and its moral progress can be judged by the way its animals are treated. Mahatma Gandhi
Effect of ex vivo extracorporeal membrane oxygenation flow dynamics on immune response
Authors: Ki Katrina K , Passmore Margaret R , Chan Chris Hoi Houng , Malfertheiner Maximillian V , Bouquet Mahe , Cho Hwa Jin , Suen Jacky Y , Fraser John F 
Published: April 2019

Background: Extracorporeal membrane oxygenation is a life-saving support for heart and/or lung failure patients. Despite technological advancement, abnormal physiology persists and has been associated with subsequent adverse events. These include thrombosis, bleeding, systemic inflammatory response syndrome and infection. However, the underlying mechanisms are yet to be elucidated. We aimed to investigate whether the different flow dynamics of extracorporeal membrane oxygenation would alter immune responses, specifically the overall inflammatory response, leukocyte numbers and activation/adhesion surface antigen expression. Methods: An ex vivo model was used with human whole blood circulating at 37°C for 6 hours at high (4 L/minute) or low (1.5 L/minute) flow dynamics, with serial blood samples taken for analysis. Results: During high flow, production of interleukin-1β (p < 0.0001), interleukin-6 (p = 0.0075), tumour necrosis factor-α (p = 0.0013), myeloperoxidase (p < 0.0001) and neutrophil elastase (p < 0.0001) were significantly elevated over time compared to low flow, in particular at 6 hours. While the remaining assessments exhibited minute changes between flow dynamics, a consistent trend of modulation in leukocyte subset numbers and phenotype was observed at 6 hours. Conclusion: We conclude that prolonged circulation at high flow triggers a prominent pro-inflammatory cytokine response and activates neutrophil granule release, but further research is needed to better characterize the effect of flow during extracorporeal membrane oxygenation.
Surgical Tips for Performing Open Fasciotomies for Chronic Exertional Compartment Syndrome of the Leg
Authors: Scully William F. , Benavides Jerome M. 
Published: April 2019

Chronic exertional compartment syndrome (CECS) of the leg is a debilitating condition that has previously been characterized in athletes and military personnel. The results of surgical management in these patient populations have previously been published with inconsistencies in surgical methods and patient outcomes noted. While endoscopic and minimally invasive techniques have been described, a detailed description of a “standard” open, 2-incision lateral and single-incision medial technique for the treatment of CECS has not been previously published. The purpose of this technique article is to highlight several tips and considerations related to this procedure in the hopes of standardizing treatment and potentially improving patient outcomes. Level of Evidence: Level V, expert opinion.
The Mini C-Arm Sock: A Novel and Simple Technique for Draping to Prevent Contamination and Penetration
Authors: Chien Bonnie Y. , D’Antuono Matthew , DiGiovanni Christopher W. 
Published: April 2019

The mini C-arm is frequently used in foot and ankle surgery. However, its continuous manipulation introduces potential means of contaminating the sterile surgical field. A simple and effective draping technique of the mini C-arm is described to minimize risk of contamination and sharps penetration that can damage the C-arm. Levels of Evidence: Level V
Impact of left ventricular function on clinical outcomes among patients with coronary artery disease
Authors: Siontis George CM , Branca Mattia , Serruys Patrick , Silber Sigmund , Räber Lorenz , Pilgrim Thomas , Valgimigli Marco , Heg Dik , Windecker Stephan , Hunziker Lukas 
Published: April 2019

Aims To investigate the clinical relevance of contemporary cut-offs of left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) including an intermediate phenotype with mid-range reduced ejection fraction among patients with coronary artery disease undergoing percutaneous coronary intervention. Methods and results Patient-level data were summarized from five randomized clinical trials in which 6198 patients underwent clinically indicated percutaneous coronary intervention in different clinical settings. We assessed all-cause mortality as primary endpoint at five-year follow-up. According to the proposed LVEF cut-offs, 3816 patients were included in the preserved LVEF group (LVEF ≥ 50%), 1793 in the mid-range reduced LVEF group (LVEF 40–49%) and 589 patients in the reduced LVEF group (LVEF < 40%). Patients in the reduced LVEF group were at increased risk for the primary outcome of all-cause mortality compared with both, preserved and mid-range LVEF throughout five years of follow-up (adjusted hazard ratio 2.39 (95% confidence interval 1.75–3.28, p < 0.001) and 1.68 (95% confidence interval 1.34–2.10, p < 0.001), respectively). The risk of cardiac death and the composite endpoint of cardiac death, myocardial infarction, or stroke were higher for patients in the reduced LVEF group compared with the preserved and mid-range reduced LVEF groups, but also for the mid-range LVEF compared with preserved LVEF group (adjusted p < 0.05 for all comparisons) throughout five years. Irrespective of clinical presentation at baseline (stable coronary artery disease or acute coronary syndrome), patients with reduced or mid-range LVEF were at increased risk of all-cause mortality and cardiac death up to five years compared with the other group (adjusted p < 0.05 for all comparisons). Conclusion Patients with reduced LVEF <40% or mid-range LVEF 40–49% in the context of coronary artery disease undergoing clinically indicated percutaneous coronary intervention are at increased risk of all-cause mortality, cardiac death and the composite of cardiac death, stroke and myocardial infarction throughout five years of follow-up. The recently proposed LVEF cut-offs contribute to the differentiation and risk stratification of patients with ischaemic heart disease.