bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
FORCING AND THE HALPERN–LÄUCHLI THEOREM
Authors: DOBRINEN NATASHA , HATHAWAY DANIEL 
Published: September 2019

AbstractWe investigate the effects of various forcings on several forms of the Halpern– Läuchli theorem. For inaccessible κ, we show they are preserved by forcings of size less than κ. Combining this with work of Zhang in [17] yields that the polarized partition relations associated with finite products of the κ-rationals are preserved by all forcings of size less than κ over models satisfying the Halpern– Läuchli theorem at κ. We also show that the Halpern–Läuchli theorem is preserved by <κ-closed forcings assuming κ is measurable, following some observed reflection properties.
Radiocarbon Dating at Groningen: New and Updated Chemical Pretreatment Procedures
Authors: Dee M W , Palstra S W L , Aerts-Bijma A Th , Bleeker M O , de Bruijn S , Ghebru F , Jansen H G , Kuitems M , Paul D , Richie R R , Spriensma J J , Scifo A , van Zonneveld D , Verstappen-Dumoulin B M A A , Wietzes-Land P , Meijer H A J 
Published: September 2019

ABSTRACTThe Centre for Isotope Research (CIO) at the University of Groningen has operated a radiocarbon (14C) dating laboratory for almost 70 years. In 2017, the CIO received a major upgrade, which involved the relocation of the laboratory to new purpose-built premises, and the installation of a MICADAS accelerator mass spectrometer. This period of transition provides an opportunity to update the laboratory’s routine procedures. This article addresses all of the processes and quality checks the CIO has in place for registering, tracking and pretreating samples for radiocarbon dating. Complementary updates relating to radioisotope measurement and uncertainty propagation will be provided in other forthcoming publications. Here, the intention is to relay all the practical information regarding the chemical preparation of samples, and to provide a concise explanation as to why each step is deemed necessary.
What do you really need? Self- and partner-reported intervention preferences within cognitive behavioural therapy for reassurance seeking behaviour
Authors: Neal Rachael L. , Radomsky Adam S. 
Published: September 2019

AbstractBackground:Reassurance seeking (RS) in obsessive compulsive disorder (OCD) is commonly addressed in cognitive behavioural therapy (CBT) using a technique called reducing accommodation. Reducing accommodation is a behaviourally based CBT intervention that may be effective; however, there is a lack of controlled research on its use and acceptability to clients/patients, and case studies suggest that it can be associated with negative emotional/behavioural consequences. Providing support to encourage coping with distress is a cognitively based CBT intervention that may be an effective alternative, but lacks evidence regarding its acceptability.Aims:This study aimed to determine whether support provision may be a more acceptable/endorsed CBT intervention for RS than a strict reducing accommodation approach.Method:Participants and familiar partners (N = 179) read vignette descriptions of accommodation reduction and support interventions, and responded to measures of perceived intervention acceptability/adhereability and endorsement, before completing a forced-choice preference task.Results:Overall, findings suggested that participants and partners gave significantly higher ratings for the support than the accommodation reduction intervention (partial η2 = .049 to .321). Participants and partners also both selected the support intervention more often than the traditional reducing accommodation intervention when given the choice.Conclusions:Support provision is perceived as an acceptable CBT intervention for RS by participants and their familiar partners. These results have implications for cognitive behavioural theory and practice related to RS.
Primary care behind the former “Iron Curtain”: changes and development of primary healthcare provision in the Eastern part of the European Union
Authors: Semánová Csilla , Rurik Sarolta E. , Dózsa Csaba , Jancsó Zoltán , Kolozsvári László R. , Nánási Anna , Pfeiferová Markéta , Rurik Imre 
Published: September 2019

Abstract

Background:
The Alma-Ata Declaration was a big step in the development of primary care, defining the main tasks and populations’ expectation. Celebrating the 40th year’s anniversary is a good opportunity to make an analysis. Development of primary care was not parallel in the Eastern and Western part of Europe.

Aim:
To provide an overview on the societal and economic situation, structural and financial changes of healthcare systems in the former ‘Soviet bloc’ countries, to present an analysis of the primary healthcare (PHC) provision and to find relationships between economic development and epidemiological changes of the respective countries.

Method:
Epidemiological data, healthcare expenditures and structure, and financing schemes were compared; systematic literature search was performed.

Results:
Visible improvements in population health, in the national economic condition, structural changes in healthcare and more focus to primary care were experienced everywhere. Higher life expectancies with high inter-country variation were observed in the former ‘Soviet bloc’ countries, although it could not be clearly linked to the development of healthcare system. PHC provision improved while structural changes were rarely initiated, often only as a project or model initiation. Single-handed practices are yet predominant. The gate-keeping system is usually weak; there were no effective initiatives to improve the education of nurses and to widen their competences. Migrations of workforce to Western countries become a real threat for the Central-East European countries.

Conclusion:
Lack of coordination between practices and interdisciplinary cooperation were recognized as the main barriers for further improvement in the structure.
Mechanisms linking bovine viral diarrhea virus (BVDV) infection with infertility in cattle
Authors: Oguejiofor Chike F. , Thomas Carole , Cheng Zhangrui , Wathes D. Claire 
Published: September 2019

AbstractBovine viral diarrhea virus (BVDV) is an important infectious disease agent that causes significant reproductive and economic losses in the cattle industry worldwide. Although BVDV infection is known to cause poor fertility in cattle, a greater part of the underlying mechanisms particularly associated with early reproductive losses are not clearly understood. Previous studies reported viral compromise of reproductive function in infected bulls. In females, BVDV infection is thought to be capable of killing the oocyte, embryo or fetus directly, or to induce lesions that result in fetal abortion or malformation. BVDV infections may also induce immune dysfunction, and predispose cattle to other diseases that cause poor health and fertility. Other reports also suggested BVDV-induced disruption of the reproductive endocrine system, and a disruption of leukocyte and cytokine functions in the reproductive organs. More recent studies have provided evidence of viral-induced suppression of endometrial innate immunity that may predispose to uterine disease. Furthermore, there is new evidence that BVDV may potentially disrupt the maternal recognition of pregnancy or the immune protection of the conceptus. This review brings together the previous reports with the more recent findings, and attempts to explain some of the mechanisms linking this important virus to infertility in cattle.
Property, predation and socialist reality
Authors: Boettke Peter J. 
Published: September 2019

AbstractEconomics as a social science is about exchange and the institutions within which exchange relationships are formed and transactions are executed. Yoram Barzel's contribution to economics and political economy reflect this focus on exchange and institutions. In this paper, I will sketch a theory of real-existing socialist economies from a property rights/public choice perspective. Then I present the puzzles in political economy that such a system confronted in attempting to create a prosperous, regenerating and competitive economic system. I then conclude with a short discussion of the future for a progressive research program in political economy that takes institutionalchangeseriously.
The East Flanders Prospective Twin Survey (EFPTS): 55 Years Later
Authors: Derom Catherine , Thiery Evert , Rutten Bart P.F. , Peeters Hilde , Gielen Marij , Bijnens Esmée , Vlietinck Robert , Weyers Steven 
Published: September 2019

AbstractThe East Flanders Prospective Twin Survey (EFPTS) is a registry of multiple births in the province of East Flanders, Belgium. Since its start in 1964, over 10,000 twin-pairs have been registered. EFPTS has several unique features: it is population-based and prospective, with the possibility of long-term follow-up; the twins (and higher order multiple births) are recruited at birth; basic perinatal data are recorded; chorion type and zygosity are established; since 1969, placental biopsies have been taken and frozen at –20°C for future research. Since its origin, the EFPTS has included placental data and allows differentiation of three subtypes of monozygotic twins based on the time of the initial zygotic division: the dichorionic–diamniotic pairs (early, with splitting before the fourth day after fertilization), the monochorionic–diamniotic pairs (intermediate, splitting between the fourth- and the seventh-day postfertilization) and the monochorionic–monoamniotic pairs (late, splitting after the eighth day postfertilization). Studies can be initiated taking into account primary biases, those originating ‘in utero’. Such studies could throw new light on the consequences of early embryological events and the gene–environment interactions as far as periconceptional and intrauterine environment are concerned.
Drowned Out by the Noise? The Downstream Mobilisation Effects of Party Campaigning between Local and General Elections
Authors: Townsley Joshua 
Published: September 2019

AbstractCampaign experiments often report positive effects on voter turnout. But do these effects endure at subsequent elections? Existing studies provide mixed evidence on downstream effects, and the rate at which initial mobilisation effects decay. This paper contributes to existing research by presenting a pre-registered analysis of downstream effects in a unique experimental setting. I test whether effects from a UK partisan experiment in a low turnout election in May 2017 persisted at the high turnout general election a month later. The findings show that in this short space of time, the original turnout effects virtually disappeared, suggesting that downstream effects resulting from campaign experiments can be quickly subsumed by the high saliency of subsequent elections.
Seismic Noise in Central Alaska and Influences From Rivers, Wind, and Sedimentary Basins
Authors: Smith Kyle , Tape Carl 
Published: September 2019

AbstractAmbient noise is useful for characterizing frequency‐dependent noise levels and for assessing data quality for seismic stations. We use 4 years of ambient noise spectra from 16 stations in central Alaska to examine environmental and structural influences on seismic stations. The region contains a major river (Tanana River) that is ice covered for half the year and is underlain by a sedimentary basin (Nenana basin) that strongly influences the seismic wavefield. Nenana basin amplifies ambient seismic noise by 12–16 dB at 0.1–0.7 Hz and 17–30 dB at 0.7–3 Hz. A meteorological station and river gauge at Nenana provide environmental data for comparison with seismic stations. During the summer, the Tanana River produces noise levels elevated by 30–40 dB at frequencies near 10 Hz, as recorded by all five stations within 100 m of the main river channel. The Tanana River sediment is predominantly silt and sand in this region; therefore, we attribute the 10‐Hz river signal to turbulence within the water and to unsteady shearing on the river bottom. The influence of wind is apparent on seismic noise at low (<0.05 Hz) frequencies, due to atmospheric‐induced tilting, and at high (>2.0 Hz) frequencies, due to unsteady shearing and turbulence near the ground. Our empirical findings motivate future studies, such as how flow from air or water couples to the ground and how deep sedimentary basins influence the ambient noise wavefield. Our results have implications for seismic site selection, environmental monitoring, and detection and characterization of earthquakes.
Determination of the “Wave Turbopause” Using a Numerical Differentiation Method
Authors: Zhao X. R. , Sheng Z. , Li J. W. , Yu H. , Wei K. J. 
Published: September 2019

AbstractThis paper proposes a new algorithm to determine the wave turbopause based on numerical differentiation using temperature data collected from the Sounding of the Atmosphere using Broadband Emission Radiometry onboard the Thermosphere Ionosphere Mesosphere Energetics Dynamics satellite. The vertical gradient profile of the temperature standard deviation, which serves as a proxy of wave activity, is obtained based on Tikhonov regularization. In the vicinity of the altitude of wave turbopause, wave damping is much reduced, and upward wave propagation occurs with little damping effect. The corresponding vertical gradient profile should reach a maximum with values that are no longer negative. Thus, we determine the wave turbopause as the unique maximum that is the first after the last change in the derivative value from negative to positive. The wave turbopause altitudes determined by this new method agree well with those of previous studies, especially regarding the behavior of the monthly variation. The error of the wave turbopause altitude derived from this new method is 1.9 km, which is much improved from the error of 3.3 km estimated by the previous method. Additionally, latitudinal variations of the wave turbopause altitude for different seasons and their monthly variations for 0°, 30°N, and 70°N latitudes during 2016–2018 are presented. Similar to the mesopause, the wave turbopause also exhibits a two‐level structure with a summer minimum at high latitudes.
The Medieval Climate Anomaly in the Mediterranean Region
Authors: Lüning S. , Schulte L. , Garcés‐Pastor S. , Danladi I.B. , Gałka M. 
Published: September 2019

AbstractThe Medieval Climate Anomaly (MCA) is a preindustrial phase of pronounced natural climate variability with a core period from 1000 to 1200 CE. The paper presents a synthesis that integrates palaeotemperature records from the Greater Mediterranean Region encompassing the past 1,500 years based on multiproxy data from 79 published land and marine sites. MCA warming dominated the Western Mediterranean (Iberia, NW Africa) as well as the northern land areas of the Central and Eastern Mediterranean region. MCA cooling prevailed in the Canary Current Upwelling System, southern Levant, and some sea areas of the Central and Eastern Mediterranean. Previous palaeoreconstructions suggest persistent positive Atlantic Multidecadal Oscillation (AMO+) and North Atlantic Oscillation (NAO+) conditions during the MCA, while the Little Ice Age was dominated by an AMO− and NAO− regime. During the past 150 years, AMO+ conditions are typically associated with warming episodes in the Mediterranean area. A similar relationship appears to have also been established during the MCA as the majority of all Mediterranean land sites experienced warm climate conditions. In contrast, the NAO typically leads to a characteristic west‐east temperature dipole pattern in the basin, as documented for the last decades. During NAO+ conditions the Western Mediterranean is generally warm (and dry), while large parts of the Central and Eastern Mediterranean are cold. Similar trends seem to have been developed during the MCA when the NAO+ regime led to consistent warming in the Western Mediterranean, while a significant number of sites with MCA cooling existed in the Central and Eastern Mediterranean.
Distribution‐Based Global Sensitivity Analysis in Hydrology
Authors: Ciriello Valentina , Lauriola Ilaria , Tartakovsky Daniel M. 
Published: September 2019

AbstractGlobal sensitivity analysis (GSA) is routinely used in academic setting to quantify the influence of input variability and uncertainty on predictions of a quantity of interest. Practical applications of GSA are hampered by its high computational cost, which arises from the need to run large (e.g., groundwater) models multiple times, and by its reliance on the analysis of variance, which formally requires input parameters to be uncorrelated. The former difficulty can be alleviated by replacing expensive models with inexpensive (e.g., polynomial) surrogates, while adoption of distribution‐based (rather than variance‐based) metrics can, in principle, overcome the latter but at significantly increased computational cost. To make use of distribution‐based GSA feasible for regional‐scale models with a large number of degrees of freedom, we supplement it with a surrogate model built with polynomial chaos expansions with analytically updated coefficients. We demonstrate the computational efficiency of our algorithm on a case study dealing with evaluation of the effects of temperature variability on annual evapotranspiration at the regional scale.
Natural diets promote retention of the native gut microbiota in captive rodents
Authors: Martínez-Mota Rodolfo , Kohl Kevin D , Orr Teri J , Denise Dearing M 
Published: September 2019

Abstract
Wild animals entering captivity experience radical lifestyle changes resulting in microbiome alterations. However, little is known about the factors that drive microbial community shifts in captivity, and what actions could mitigate microbial changes. Using white-throated woodrats (Neotoma albigula), we tested whether offering natural diets in captivity facilitates retention of native microbial communities of captive animals. Wild-caught woodrats were brought to laboratory conditions. Woodrats received either a natural diet of Opuntia cactus or an artificial diet of commercial chow over three weeks. Microbial inventories from woodrat feces at the time of capture and in captivity were generated using Illumina 16S rRNA sequencing. We found that providing woodrats with wild-natural diets significantly mitigated alterations in their microbiota, promoting a 90% retention of native microbial communities across the experiment. In contrast, the artificial diet significantly impacted microbial structure to the extent that 38% of the natural microflora was lost. Core bacteria including Bifidobacterium and Allobaculum were lost, and abundances of microbes related to oxalate degradation decreased in individuals fed artificial but not natural diets. These results highlight the importance of supplementing captive diets with natural foods to maintain native microbiomes of animals kept in artificial conditions for scientific or conservation purposes.
Btbd3 expression regulates compulsive-like and exploratory behaviors in mice
Authors: Thompson Summer L. , Welch Amanda C. , Ho Emily V. , Bessa João M. , Portugal-Nunes Carlos , Morais Mónica , Young Jared W. , Knowles James A. , Dulawa Stephanie C. 
Published: September 2019

AbstractBTB/POZ domain-containing 3 (BTBD3) was identified as a potential risk gene in the first genome-wide association study of obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD). BTBD3 is a putative transcription factor implicated in dendritic pruning in developing primary sensory cortices. We assessed whether BTBD3 also regulates neural circuit formation within limbic cortico-striato-thalamo-cortical circuits and behaviors related to OCD in mice. Behavioral phenotypes associated with OCD that are measurable in animals include compulsive-like behaviors and reduced exploration. We tested Btbd3 wild-type, heterozygous, and knockout mice for compulsive-like behaviors including cage-mate barbering, excessive wheel-running, repetitive locomotor patterns, and reduced goal-directed behavior in the probabilistic learning task (PLT), and for exploratory behavior in the open field, digging, and marble-burying tests. Btbd3 heterozygous and knockout mice showed excessive barbering, wheel-running, impaired goal-directed behavior in the PLT, and reduced exploration. Further, chronic treatment with fluoxetine, but not desipramine, reduced barbering in Btbd3 wild-type and heterozygous, but not knockout mice. In contrast, Btbd3 expression did not alter anxiety-like, depression-like, or sensorimotor behaviors. We also quantified dendritic morphology within anterior cingulate cortex, mediodorsal thalamus, and hippocampus, regions of high Btbd3 expression. Surprisingly, Btbd3 knockout mice only showed modest increases in spine density in the anterior cingulate, while dendritic morphology was unaltered elsewhere. Finally, we virally knocked down Btbd3 expression in whole, or just dorsal, hippocampus during neonatal development and assessed behavior during adulthood. Whole, but not dorsal, hippocampal Btbd3 knockdown recapitulated Btbd3 knockout phenotypes. Our findings reveal that hippocampal Btbd3 expression selectively modulates compulsive-like and exploratory behavior.
A positive feedback loop of β-catenin/CCR2 axis promotes regorafenib resistance in colorectal cancer
Authors: Ou Baochi , Cheng Xi , Xu Zhuoqing , Chen Chun , Shen Xiaohui , Zhao Jingkun , Lu Aiguo 
Published: September 2019

AbstractResistance to molecular targeted therapies is a significant challenge for advanced colorectal cancer (CRC). Understanding the underlying mechanisms and developing effective strategies against regorafenib resistance are highly desired in the clinic. Here, we screened the expression of chemokine receptors and identified CC chemokine receptor 2 (CCR2) as a top upregulated gene in regorafenib-resistant cells. CCR2 silencing alleviated drug tolerance in regorafenib-resistant cells, while overexpression of CCR2 enhanced CRC cells resistance to regorafenib. Moreover, CCR2-mediated regorafenib tolerance was demonstrated to be associated with AKT/GSK3β-regulated β-catenin stabilization. In turn, β-catenin modulation is sufficient to trigger the transcriptional activation of CCR2 expression. Clinically, high-CCR2 expression was correlated to shorter overall survival and disease-free survival of patients. A positive correlation between CCR2 and nuclear β-catenin expression was observed in a cohort of CRC tissues. Altogether, these findings suggest β-catenin and CCR2 are part of a positive-feedback loop, which sustains a high CCR2 expression level, conferring CRC cells resistance to regorafenib. Thus, targeting CCR2 may be a useful therapeutic strategy to alleviate regorafenib tolerance to increase the efficacy of CRC treatments.