bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
POLARIS Soil Properties: 30‐m Probabilistic Maps of Soil Properties Over the Contiguous United States
Authors: Chaney Nathaniel W. , Minasny Budiman , Herman Jonathan D. , Nauman Travis W. , Brungard Colby W. , Morgan Cristine L. S. , McBratney Alexander B. , Wood Eric F. , Yimam Yohannes 
Published: February 2019

AbstractSoils play a critical role in the cycling of water, energy, and carbon in the Earth system. Until recently, due primarily to a lack of soil property maps of a sufficiently high‐quality and spatial detail, a minor emphasis has been placed on providing high‐resolution measured soil parameter estimates for land surface models and hydrologic models. This study introduces Probabilistic Remapping of SSURGO (POLARIS) soil properties—a database of 30‐m probabilistic soil property maps over the contiguous United States (CONUS). The mapped variables over CONUS include soil texture, organic matter, pH, saturated hydraulic conductivity, Brooks‐Corey and Van Genuchten water retention curve parameters, bulk density, and saturated water content. POLARIS soil properties was assembled by (1) depth harmonizing and aggregating the pedons in the National Cooperative Soil Survey Soil Characterization Database and the components in Soil Survey Geographic Database into a database of 21,481 different soil series, each soil series having its own vertical profiles of different soil properties, (2) pruning the original POLARIS soil series maps using conventional soil maps to improve soil series prediction accuracy, and (3) merging the assembled soil series databases with the pruned POLARIS soil series maps to construct the soil property maps over CONUS. POLARIS soil properties includes 100‐bin histograms for each layer and variable per grid cell and a series of summary statistics at 30‐, 300‐, and 3,000‐m spatial resolution. Evaluation of POLARIS soil properties using in situ measurements shows an average R2 of 0.41, normalized root‐mean‐square error of 12%, and a normalized mean absolute error of 8.8%.
Electronic states in GaAs-(Al,Ga)As eccentric quantum rings under nonresonant intense laser and magnetic fields
Authors: Vinasco J. A. , Radu A. , Niculescu E. , Mora-Ramos M. E. , Feddi E. , Tulupenko V. , Restrepo R. L. , Kasapoglu E. , Morales A. L. , Duque C. A. 
Published: February 2019

AbstractThe features of the electron energy spectrum in eccentric two-dimensional GaAs-AlGaAs quantum rings of circular shape are theoretically investigated taking into account the effect of externally applied magnetic and intense laser fields. Analytical expressions for the laser-dressed confining potential in this kind of quantum ring geometry are reported for the first time. Finite element method is used to solve the resulting single-particle effective mass two-dimensional partial differential equation. It is shown that the allowed level spectrum is greatly influence by the external probe as well as by the breaking of geometric symmetry related to the changes in eccentricity. In presence of an intense laser field, the conduction band confining profile suffers strong modifications along the structure, with an additional contribution to symmetry breaking. These modifications of electronic quantum states reflect in the intraband optical absorption. Accordingly, the features of the intraband transitions are discussed in detail, revealing the significant influence of the magnetic field strength and laser field intensity and polarization, together with eccentricity, in the allowing of ground-to-excited states transitions and their corresponding intensities.
Effect of electroporation medium conductivity on exogenous molecule transfer to cells in vitro
Authors: Ruzgys Paulius , Jakutavičiūtė Milda , Šatkauskienė Ingrida , Čepurnienė Karolina , Šatkauskas Saulius 
Published: February 2019

AbstractIn this study we evaluated the influence of medium conductivity to propidium iodide (PI) and bleomycin (BLM) electroporation mediated transfer to cells. Inverse dependency between the extracellular conductivity and the efficiency of the transfer had been found. Using 1 high voltage (HV) pulse, the total molecule transfer efficiency decreased 4.67 times when external medium conductivity increased from 0.1 to 0.9 S/m. Similar results had been found using 2 HV and 3 HV pulses. The percentage of cells killed by BLM electroporation mediated transfer had also decreased with the conductivity increase, from 79% killed cells in 0.1 S/m conductivity medium to 28% killed cells in 0.9 S/m conductivity medium. We hypothesize that the effect of external medium conductivity on electroporation mediated transfer is triggered by cell deformation during electric field application. In high conductivity external medium cell assumes oblate shape, which causes a change of voltage distribution on the cell membrane, leading to lower electric field induced transmembrane potential. On the contrary, low conductivity external medium leads to prolate cell shape and increased transmembrane potential at the electrode facing cell poles.
Diff isomiRs: Large-scale detection of differential isomiRs for understanding non-coding regulated stress omics in plants
Authors: Yang Kun , Wen Xiaopeng , Mudunuri Suresh , Varma G. P. Saradhi , Sablok Gaurav 
Published: February 2019

AbstractPlants have an amazing ability to cope with wide variety of stresses by regulating the expression of genes and thus by altering the physiological status. In the past few years, canonical microRNA variants (isomiRs) have been shown to play pivotal roles by acting as regulators of the transcriptional machinery. In the present research, we present Diff isomiRs, a web-based exploratory repository of differential isomiRs across 16 sequenced plant species representing a total of 433 datasets across 21 different stresses and 158 experimental states. Diff isomiRs provides the high-throughput detection of differential isomiRs using mapping-based and model-based differential analysis revealing a total of 16,157 and 2,028 differential isomiRs, respectively. Easy-to-use and web-based exploration of differential isomiRs provides several features such as browsing of the differential isomiRs according to stress or species, as well as association of the differential isomiRs to targets and plant endogenous target mimics (PeTMs). Diff isomiRs also provides the relationship between the canonical miRNAs, isomiRs and the miRNA-target interactions. This is the first web-based large-scale repository for browsing differential isomiRs and will facilitate better understanding of the regulatory role of the isomiRs with respect to the canonical microRNAs. Diff isomiRs can be accessed at: www.mcr.org.in/diffisomirs.
RNA-Seq profiling in peripheral blood mononuclear cells of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis patients and controls
Authors: Zucca Susanna , Gagliardi Stella , Pandini Cecilia , Diamanti Luca , Bordoni Matteo , Sproviero Daisy , Arigoni Maddalena , Olivero Martina , Pansarasa Orietta , Ceroni Mauro , Calogero Raffaele , Cereda Cristina 
Published: February 2019

AbstractCoding and long non-coding RNA (lncRNA) metabolism is now revealing its crucial role in Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis (ALS) pathogenesis. In this work, we present a dataset obtained via Illumina RNA-seq analysis on Peripheral Blood Mononuclear Cells (PBMCs) from sporadic and mutated ALS patients (mutations in FUS, TARDBP, SOD1 and VCP genes) and healthy controls. This dataset allows the whole-transcriptome characterization of PBMCs content, both in terms of coding and non-coding RNAs, in order to compare the disease state to the healthy controls, both for sporadic patients and for mutated patients. Our dataset is a starting point for the omni-comprehensive analysis of coding and lncRNAs, from an easy to withdraw, manage and store tissue that shows to be a suitable model for RNA profiling in ALS.
Antibody specificity and promiscuity
Authors: Jain Deepti , Salunke Dinakar M. 
Published: February 2019

AbstractThe immune system is capable of making antibodies against anything that is foreign, yet it does not react against components of self. In that sense, a fundamental requirement of the body's immune defense is specificity. Remarkably, this ability to specifically attack foreign antigens is directed even against antigens that have not been encountered a priori by the immune system. The specificity of an antibody for the foreign antigen evolves through an iterative process of somatic mutations followed by selection. There is, however, accumulating evidence that the antibodies are often functionally promiscuous or multi-specific which can lead to their binding to more than one antigen. An important cause of antibody cross-reactivity is molecular mimicry. Molecular mimicry has been implicated in the generation of autoimmune response. When foreign antigen shares similarity with the component of self, the antibodies generated could result in an autoimmune response. The focus of this review is to capture the contrast between specificity and promiscuity and the structural mechanisms employed by the antibodies to accomplish promiscuity, at the molecular level. The conundrum between the specificity of the immune system for foreign antigens on the one hand and the multi-reactivity of the antibody on the other has been addressed. Antibody specificity in the context of the rapid evolution of the antigenic determinants and molecular mimicry displayed by antigens are also discussed.
Water delivery by pebble accretion to rocky planets in habitable zones in evolving disks
Authors: Ida Shigeru , Yamamura Takeru , Okuzumi Satoshi 
Published: February 2019

Context.The ocean mass of the Earth is only 2.3 × 10−4of the whole planet mass. Even including water in the interior, the water fraction would be at most 10−3−10−2. Ancient Mars may have had a similar or slightly smaller water fraction. What controlled the amount of water in these planets has not been clear, although several models have been proposed. It is important to clarify the control mechanism to discuss water delivery to rocky planets in habitable zones in exoplanetary systems, as well as that to Earth and Mars in our solar system.Aims.We consider water delivery to planets by icy pebbles after the snowline inwardly passes planetary orbits. We derive the water mass fraction (fwater) of the final planet as a function of disk parameters and discuss the parameters that reproduce a small value offwatercomparable to that inferred for the Earth and ancient Mars.Methods.We calculated the growth of icy dust grains to pebbles and the pebble radial drift with a 1D model, by simultaneously solving the snowline migration and dissipation of a gas disk. With the obtained pebble mass flux, we calculated accretion of icy pebbles onto planets after the snowline passage to evaluatefwaterof the planets.Results.We find thatfwateris regulated by the total mass (Mres) of icy dust materials preserved in the outer disk regions at the timing (t=tsnow) of the snowline passage of the planetary orbit. BecauseMresdecays rapidly after the pebble formation front reaches the disk outer edge (att=tpff),fwateris sensitive to the ratiotsnow∕tpff, which is determined by the disk parameters. We findtsnow∕tpff< 10 or > 10 is important. By evaluatingMresanalytically, we derive an analytical formula offwaterthat reproduces the numerical results.Conclusions.Using the analytical formula, we find thatfwaterof a rocky planet near 1 au is similar to the Earth, i.e., ~10−4−10−2, in disks with an initial disk size of 30–50 au and an initial disk mass accretion rate of ~(10−8−10−7)M⊙yr−1for disk depletion timescale of approximately a few M yr. Because these disks may be median or slightly compact/massive disks, our results suggest that the water fraction of rocky planets in habitable zones may often be similar to that of the Earth if icy pebble accretion is responsible for water delivery.
PET/CT to Assess Prognosis after a Brain Injury
Authors: Woischneck Dieter , Strasser Theresia , Kempf Barbara , Scher Bernhard , Häring Wolfgang 
Published: February 2019

ZusammenfassungBei einem komatösen Patienten mit akutem Subduralhämatom ergab die Polytraumaspirale den Verdacht eines pulmonal metastasierenden Nierenkarzinoms, es stand eine Therapiebegrenzung im Raum. Es erfolgte eine Ganzkörper-Positronenemissionstomografie/Computertomografie (PET/CT) mit Fluor-Desoxyglukose. Es zeigten sich die Befunde eines Nierenkarzinoms mit pulmonalen und nodalen Metastasen sowie einer parotidalen Filia. Zerebral konnte, bei perifokalem Hypermetabolismus, eine Metastase nicht ausgeschlossen werden. Die Therapie wurde begrenzt. Die PET/CT ist beim Bewusstlosen zur Einschätzung eines malignen Grundleidens möglich und sinnvoll.
Neue Techniken in der Pflege nutzen
Authors: Pitschke Christiane 
Published: February 2019

ZusammenfassungAus der heutigen Welt ist Technik nicht mehr wegzudenken – ob bei
Freizeitaktivitäten, in puncto Mobilität oder in der häuslichen Umgebung. Und
auch in der Pflegebranche kann sie Lösungsansätze für viele drängende
Probleme bieten. Diskutieren Sie mit beim Deutschen Pflegetag vom 14. bis 16.
März 2019 in der STATION-Berlin.
Einheitliche Personalbemessung
Authors: Lux Vera , Buschina Kai-Uwe 
Published: February 2019

ZusammenfassungDa es meist kein anerkanntes einheitliches Personalbemessungssystem in der Pflege
gibt, werden unterschiedliche Methoden zur Berechnung verwendet. In der Folge
fehlt es an Transparenz und Akzeptanz. Das hat die Uniklinik Köln nun
geändert.
Sokrat II – An International, Prospective, Multicenter, Phase IV Diagnostic Trial to Evaluate the Efficacy of the Wrist SAFE Algorithm in Fracture Sonography of Distal Forearm Fractures in Children
Authors: Ackermann Ole , Wojciechowski Piotr , Dzierzega Maria , Grosser Kay , Schmitz-Franken Ansgar , Rudolf Henrik , Eckert Kolja 
Published: February 2019

Abstract
Background Distal forearm fractures are the most common fractures in childhood and can be diagnosed with ultrasound. The aim of this study was to demonstrate the eligibility of Wrist SAFE for clinical use and the avoidance of X-ray application in children.
Methods We enrolled patients from 0 – 12 years with suspected distal forearm fractures. They were treated according to the Wrist SAFE algorithm, a detailed pathway for ultrasound fracture diagnosis, treatment decisions and control options. Additionally, 9 clinical predictors were tested. Depending on sonographic and clinical findings, patients were treated with functional movement, immobilization or surgery. Follow-up was conducted after 5 days and 3 months.
Results 16 physicians (6 specialists, 10 assistants) at 5 study sites examined 498 (234 boys, 251 girls, 13 not specified) patients with ultrasound, age 8.4 (0 – 12) years. 321 (64 %) patients were diagnosed with a fracture, 5 (0.8 %) with suspected fracture; X-rays were conducted in 58 cases (12 %), 9 (1.8 %) of them on day 1 and 49 (9.8 %) on day 5; sonographic diagnosis was confirmed in 57 of 58 (98 %) cases; in one case, the sonographic diagnosis of “contusion” was revised to “radius fracture”. 381 patients (77 %) underwent final follow-up after an average of 96 (62 – 180) days. All patients were symptom-free at that time. Palpatory bone pain over the radius/ulna and swelling were identified as clinical predictors. 81 % of X-rays were avoided.
Conclusion Wrist SAFE enables the safe diagnosis and therapy of distal forearm fractures in children. Findings can be reviewed safely, also enabling physicians in training to use the method. 81 % of X-rays can be avoided, a figure that corresponds to 2.8 million X-rays in the G10 member states. After performing 100 examinations, physician have acquired the necessary sonography skills.
Treatment Strategies for the Claudicant
Authors: Pereira Keith 
Published: February 2019

AbstractPeripheral arterial disease (PAD) is a prevalent, morbid, and mortal disease. Claudication represents an early, yet common manifestation of PAD. A clinical history and physical examination combined with an ankle-brachial index can help make a diagnosis of claudication. Due to the polyvascular nature of the underlying atherosclerosis, PAD is often associated with heart disease and stroke. Although health implications of PAD derive from both its limb and cardiovascular manifestations, claudication is life-threatening, less limb-threatening. Medical modification of cardiovascular risk factors and exercise are the cornerstone in the treatment of claudication. Revascularization in claudication is focused at improvement in claudication symptoms and functional status, rather than aggressive attempts at limb salvage. The aim of this article is to summarize the strategies in the treatment of claudication, to serve as a concise and informative reference for physicians who are managing these patients. A framework of the decision-making process in the management of patients with claudication is shown, which can be applied in clinical practice.
Noninvasive Arterial Testing: What and When to Use
Authors: Mittleider Derek 
Published: February 2019

AbstractPeripheral arterial disease (PAD) represents a growing public health issue that continues to be underdiagnosed. In its most severe form, critical limb ischemia, it contributes to expanding morbidity with minor and major limb amputations. PAD is strongly associated with increased mortality, as it is known to be concomitant with coronary and cerebrovascular disease. Diagnosis of PAD relies on noninvasive arterial testing, a class of tests that can provide physiologic or morphologic information. Physiologic tests such as ankle-brachial index, toe-brachial index, pulse volume recordings, and arterial duplex evaluation are the mainstay of gateway evaluation and surveillance. Morphologic exams such as computer tomographic angiography and magnetic resonance angiography are appropriate for preprocedural anatomic evaluation in patients with established vascular disease. This review focuses on physiologic exams.
Pharmacology of Peripheral Arterial Disease in the Angio Suite: What Every Interventionalist Should Know
Authors: Watts Micah 
Published: February 2019

AbstractSafe and effective treatment of peripheral arterial disease (PAD) and critical limb ischemia can be routinely performed in the angiography suite. A systematic understanding of the medications commonly used during these procedures is essential. This review discusses the traditional roles of the medications used in PAD procedures, the existing evidence basis for those roles, potential alternatives, and evolving techniques. Developing a familiarity with these medications can help improve outcomes and safety for the patients being treated.
The Chronic Care Model and Chronic Condition Self-Management: An Introduction for Audiologists
Authors: Hickson Louise , Keidser Gitte , Meyer Carly , Convery Elizabeth 
Published: February 2019

AbstractHearing health care is biomedically focused, device-centered, and clinician-led. There is emerging evidence that these characteristics—all of which are hallmarks of a health care system designed to address acute, rather than chronic, conditions—may contribute to low rates of help-seeking and hearing rehabilitation uptake among adults with hearing loss. In this review, we introduce audiologists to the Chronic Care Model, an organizational framework that describes best-practice clinical care for chronic conditions, and suggest that it may be a viable model for hearing health care to adopt. We further introduce the concept of chronic condition self-management, a key component of chronic care that refers to the knowledge and skills patients use to manage the effects of a chronic condition on all aspects of daily life. Drawing on the chronic condition evidence base, we demonstrate a link between the provision of effective self-management support and improved clinical outcomes and discuss validated methods with which clinicians can support the acquisition and application of self-management skills in their patients. We examine the extent to which elements of chronic condition self-management have been integrated into clinical practice in audiology and suggest directions for further research in this area.
Calcified Prolactinoma of the Pituitary Gland: Illustrative Case Reports Highlighting Medical versus Surgical Intervention
Authors: Tavakol Sherwin , Hasan Asma , Wedemeyer Michelle A. , Bakhsheshian Joshua , Liu Chia-Shang J. , Shiroishi Mark S. , Mathew Anna , Carmichael John D. , Zada Gabriel 
Published: February 2019

AbstractThe presence of calcification is uncommon in pituitary adenomas, and often lends support to other diagnoses including craniopharyngioma. The majority of calcified pituitary adenomas are prolactin-secreting tumors. We report two patients with calcified macroprolactinomas, one that was treated medically with a biochemical response and partial tumor response, and one that was treated successfully via an endoscopic endonasal transsphenoidal approach. Suspected calcified prolactinomas can be initially managed medically as per standard treatment for typical prolactinomas; however, the presence of diffuse calcification may hinder tumor shrinkage. Tumors that are refractory to medical treatment can be safely managed with surgery.
Endometriosis and Recurrent Pregnancy Loss as New Risk Factors for Venous Thromboembolism during Pregnancy and Post-Partum: The JECS Birth Cohort
Authors: Sugiura-Ogasawara Mayumi , Ebara Takeshi , Matsuki Taro , Yamada Yasuyuki , Omori Toyonori , Matsumoto Yosuke , Kato Sayaka , Kano Hirohisa , Kurihara Takahiro , Saitoh Shinji , Kamijima Michihiro ,   and the Japan Environment & Children's Study (JECS) Group
Published: February 2019

Background Since venous thromboembolism (VTE) is one of the causes of maternal mortality, several guidelines recommend prophylaxis using low molecular weight heparin for women in high-risk groups. The number of large population-based studies examining predictors for VTE has been limited, and there has been no study based on a Japanese population.
Objective Our objective was to examine VTE risk factor during the pregnancy and post-partum period.
Materials and Methods A nationwide birth cohort study known as the ‘Japan Environment and Children's Study (JECS)’ was conducted by the Ministry of the Environment. The subjects consisted of 103,070 pregnancies recruited by the JECS between January 2011 and March 2014. Pregnant women completed the questionnaires during the first and second/third trimester. Their medical records were transcribed by physicians or research coordinators at registration, just after delivery and at 1 month after delivery.
Results The frequency of VTE was 7.5 per 10,000 pregnancies (77 of 103,070) during the pregnancy and post-partum period. After the adjustment of multiple covariates for each factor, endometriosis and recurrent pregnancy loss (RPL) were identified as novel independent risk factors for VTE. Adjusted odds ratios were as follows: 2.70 (95% confidence interval, 1.21–6.00) for endometriosis and 6.13 (2.48–15.16) for RPL. Threatened abortion, threatened pre-term birth, pre-term birth and caesarean section were ascertained to be risk factors for VTE.
Conclusion Careful attention should be given to novel predictors, such as endometriosis and a history of RPL, to prevent VTE during the pregnancy and post-partum period.
Sciatic Neuropathy in a Dog Secondary to a Bursitis
Authors: Gomes César , Anderson Angus , Stewart Jennifer 
Published: February 2019

AbstractA 4-year-old Dogue de Bordeaux developed acute onset sciatic neuropathy 9 weeks following stifle surgery of the contralateral pelvic limb. Pelvic radiography showed mild bilateral hip dysplasia. Magnetic resonance imaging of the pelvis and lumbosacral spine showed a fluid-filled structure caudal to the hip joint of the affected limb that was causing compression of the sciatic nerve. The lesion was surgically excised and bursitis was confirmed on histological examination. This is the first report of sciatic neuropathy secondary to bursitis in the dog.