bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Potential shift of Integrated Design (ID) through BIM in Sustainable Building Renovation
Authors: Kamari A , Kirkegaard PH 
Published: October 2019

Abstract
Future building renovation concerns more holistic perspectives related to both integrations through the involvement of key stakeholders and fulfillment of sustainability in connection to a broader range of objectives and criteria facilitated by the renovation scenarios. This entails re-thinking, reviewing, and application of novel integrating methods and approaches through an integrated design (ID) schema, towards establishing a richer early design stage to deal with the multifaceted challenges in building renovation context. Through its technological capabilities (modeling techniques), shifting into Building Information Modelling (BIM) as a methodology for integration can be useful bringing more efficiency in (particularly the early design stage of) renovation projects by creating and adding values through the five strands of product, people, process, policy, and technology. On the basis of this underlying hypothesis, the aim of this paper is firstly to review the characteristics of ID, BIM, and their interactions on each other, and secondly to explore and address the potential shift of integrated design through BIM (ID+BIM) for sustainable building renovation. This contribution is relevant to building design researches and practitioners, who can use the resultant to better understanding and navigating the integrated design through BIM, and its potential shift in sustainable building renovation with multiple stakeholders.
The energy performance of dwellings of non-profit housing associations in the Netherlands 2017 - 2018
Authors: van der Bent H S , Visscher H J , Meijer A , Mouter N 
Published: October 2019

Abstract
Following regulation of the European Union, objectives were formulated to reduce energy consumption of the built environment in the Netherlands. For the stock of Dutch non-profit housing associations it was agreed to improve the average energy performance to an average energy index of 1.40 in 2020. This research assesses and gives insights in the progress to this objective for over 2.0 million dwellings of over 250 Dutch non-profit housing associations in 2017 and 2018. The assessment consists of an analysis of applied renovation measures, changes of the stock like new construction and demolishing, and clarifying characteristics of housing associations. It is concluded that large urban housing associations with adequate financial positions drive the improvement of the average sectoral energy performance. The improvement happens for a large part within the existing stock, mostly with traditional improvements like improved heating installations and improved insulation. Innovative solutions like: photovoltaic solar systems, combined heat and power systems, biomass systems, heat pumps and external heating, are responsible for a relative small part of the improvement within renovations. New construction and demolishing are also responsible for a relative small part of the annual improvement, but there is potential to improve this.
Retrofitting near to zero energy homes in a Mediterranean climate
Authors: De Marco S , Buhagiar V M 
Published: October 2019

Abstract
The present local built environment has a common thermal comfort problem namely that most dwellings have a great reliance on electricity for environmental control indoors. The main objective of this research work was to offer a practical and cost-effective working solution to this problem. The feasible energy–saving measures that can be retrofitted to an existing dwelling were designed and applied to an existing building; a top third floor flat in Birkirkara, Malta, thus converting it into a thermally comfortable minimum energy home. The indoor climate of the subject flat, its mirror image apartment and the Birkirkara microclimate were monitored for one year and the necessary tools to analyse this data were utilised: a psychrometric chart analysis with Malta’s defined thermal comfort zones. Compared to its microclimate and the mirror apartment, the results show that the subject flat managed to keep a constant and very comfortable indoor climate across both the hot and cold seasons. It is only for a small portion (a total of 9 out of 122 days – 7% in summer and 16 out of 121 days – 13% in winter) that the energy–saving retrofit measures did not fall within the thermal comfort zones limits. This case study also shows that the combined energy saving retrofit measures had a payback period of 15 years, which eventually pays off with a surplus of over €700.
Building monitoring protocol development for deep energy retrofit
Authors: Perisoglou E , Ionas M , Patterson J , Jones P 
Published: October 2019

Abstract
This paper presents the design of a monitoring protocol to support retrofit strategies and drive the evaluation of a low carbon house. Monitoring is used during pre-intervention stage to facilitate the decision-making process, as well as in the post-intervention to evaluate the performance of the building and systems. The first phase refers to monitoring as a diagnostic tool with a view to reduce the uncertainty of suggested low carbon solutions by providing real measurements and evidence on building conditions, comfort, systems and occupants behaviour and interactions. The second phase utilises monitoring as an evaluation tool to quantify benefits and challenges of the retrofitting by providing information and analysis on the supply and demand reduction, the difference in comfort and the effectiveness of each intervention. The study explains the protocol development and discuss different monitoring depths and requirements based on the performance indicators required. A typical pre-1919 Welsh end-terraced dwelling is used as a case study to demonstrate the two phases of the proposed protocol. The protocol was developed as part of the Low Carbon Built Environment (LCBE) project at Cardiff University and it was tested in various building types and research-led retrofit packages.
Envi-MET validation and sensitivity analysis using field measurements in a hot arid climate
Authors: Ayyad Y N , Sharples S 
Published: October 2019

Abstract
Envi-MET is a computational fluid dynamics (CFD) modelling software that analyses interactions between the microclimate and the built environment through simulation, predicting parameters such as wind speed, air temperature and thermal comfort indices. The large number of variables and calculations involved makes validating Envi-MET models difficult. This study focuses on the validation of Envi-MET through sensitivity and calibration testing. A site was chosen in a hot arid climate location. The testing involved measuring air temperature, relative humidity and wind speed at the site. For the sensitivity testing a hypothetical site was modelled with three scenarios for four variables (wind speed, relative humidity, albedo and grid size) set as low, base and high values. The monitoring study concluded that the accuracy of Envi-MET varied with the variable in question, showing a high correlation factor with wind speed and air temperature but a poor correlation with relative humidity, especially between 04:00 and 10:00. Envi-MET displayed different sensitivity levels, with a good response to variables change in wind speed and relative humidity, but little response to albedo changes.
Climate change and emerging risks. Innovative urban climate services as a strategy to improve resilience of human systems.
Authors: Bernardini Chiara , Paganin Giancarlo , Maria Luisa Talamo Cinzia 
Published: October 2019

Abstract
Climate change and extreme natural events are increasingly threatening human systems. Even if greenhouse gases emission were reduced to zero today, global warming and the consequent climate change would continue to affect future generations: as climate is changing, human systems must learn to adapt. This study focuses on the role, the use and the management of climate information to overcome the barriers to climate change adaptation action. The article first addresses the relationship between sustainable development and climate change, regarded as “two mutually reinforcing sides of the same coin”. After a short section on the complementarity of mitigation and adaptation strategies, it analyses the barriers to investments in climate adaptation action by public authorities: the uncertainty about the magnitude and the frequency of climate change-connected events, the common wrong perception of unlikelihood of global warming consequences and the intrinsic complexity characterizing human systems are identified as major constraints. These considerations lead to introduce the concepts of soft-resilience and low-regret adaptation strategies. The discipline of climate change adaptation based on soft-approach climate resilience strategies is closely linked to information management, information technologies, communications, logistics, geographic information services and good governance. Indeed, information management is here seen as the pillar of soft-approach strategies. Low-regret strategies are defined as measures that would generate net social and/or economic benefits both under current climate and a range of future climate change scenarios. Section 5 explores potential synergies between Climate Services (understood as any service, equipment, techniques, practical knowledge and skills that can be used to increase climate resilience of human system) and Urban Facility Management services. This study identifies Innovative Urban Climate Services, an integrated system of services addressing both climate and urban issues simultaneously, as an effective, soft-approach and low-regret strategy to overcome the barriers to adaptation action. These solutions provide a general framework allowing a flexible and customized support for human systems in adapting to unavoidable impacts of climate change.
A review on coal-to-electricity policies into practice in northern China
Authors: Li Zhaoyang , Xu Zhaowei , Sun Yuying , Wang Zhichao , Deng Shiming , Cui Yiming , Xu Wei , Wang Wei 
Published: October 2019

Abstract
China has been promoting clean energy heating in an all-around way since recent year to reduce air pollution and energy consumption as a result of using coal for winter heating. Supported by a series of Chinese government policies, a coal-to-electricity project become a significant measure for clean energy heating in Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei region and the surrounding areas, which has obviously improved air quality in northern China. The coal-to-electricity project can involve engagement from multiple levels of government and social companies, wherein government is uniquely positioned to provide leadership. However, factors contributing or hindering policies into practice are largely unexplored. This paper presents a review on coal-to-electricity policies into practice through summarizing government policies and practical investigation, including its planning, scope, funding, process, and technical types analysis. In addition, a prospect of coal-to-electricity project in northern China is also given. It is found that the coal-to-electricity project holds a meaningful contribution and promising potential of development given the urgent need for clean energy heating in large areas of northern China. Government financial subsidy is driving force and efficient technical types are carrier. It was further demonstrated that a large amount of government financial subsidy and the application of efficient technology will contribute to the implementation of coal-to-electricity project, which may provide reference for transition of other energy and low carbon policies into practice.
Bereaved Family Cancer Caregivers’ Unmet Needs: Measure Development and Validation
Authors: Kim Youngmee , Carver Charles S , Cannady Rachel S 
Published: October 2019

AbstractPurpose/BackgroundAccumulating evidence shows that bereaved family caregivers report elevated distress for an extended period, which compromises their quality of life. A first step in the development of programs to enhance bereaved caregivers’ quality of life should be determining the needs they experience to manage the loss, and the needs that are not being satisfied. Thus, this study aimed to develop a new measure to assess unmet needs among bereaved family caregivers.MethodThe 20-item Needs Assessment of Family Caregivers-Bereaved to Cancer measure was developed and validated with bereaved cancer caregivers 5 (n = 159) and 8 (n = 194) years after the initial cancer diagnosis of the index patient, when stress in providing care to the patient was assessed.ResultsExploratory factor analysis yielded two primary factors: unmet needs for reintegration and unmet needs for managing the loss. Bereaved caregivers who were younger and ethnic minority, and who had greater earlier perceived stress of caregiving, reported their needs were more poorly met (t &gt; 2.33, p &lt; .05). The extent to which bereaved caregivers’ needs to manage the loss were not perceived as being met was a consistent and strong predictor of poor adjustment to bereavement at both 5- and 8-year marks (t &gt; 1.96, p &lt; .05), beyond the effects of a host of demographic and earlier caregiving characteristics.ConclusionFindings support the validity of the Needs Assessment of Family Caregivers-Bereaved to Cancer and suggest that interventions to help bereaved caregivers manage the loss by assisting their transition to re-engagement in daily and social activities will benefit caregivers by mitigating bereavement-related distress years after the loss.
TIMP-2 suppresses tumor growth and metastasis in murine model of triple-negative breast cancer
Authors: Peeney David , Jensen Sandra M , Castro Nadia P , Kumar Sarvesh , Noonan Silvia , Handler Chenchen , Kuznetsov Alex , Shih Joanna , Tran Andy D , Salomon David S , Stetler-Stevenson William G 
Published: October 2019

Abstract
Metastasis is the primary cause of treatment failures and mortality in most cancers. Triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) is refractory to treatment and rapidly progresses to disseminated disease. We utilized an orthotopic mouse model that molecularly and phenotypically resembles human TNBC to study the effects of exogenous, daily tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinase-2 (TIMP-2) treatment on tumor growth and metastasis. Our results demonstrated that TIMP-2 treatment maximally suppressed primary tumor growth by ~36–50% and pulmonary metastasis by &gt;92%. Immunostaining assays confirmed disruption of the epithelial to mesenchymal transition (EMT) and promotion of vascular integrity in primary tumor tissues. Immunostaining and RNA sequencing analysis of lung tissue lysates from tumor-bearing mice identified significant changes associated with metastatic colony formation. Specifically, TIMP-2 treatment disrupts periostin localization and critical cell-signaling pathways, including canonical Wnt signaling involved in EMT, as well as PI3K signaling, which modulates proliferative and metastatic behavior through p27 phosphorylation/localization. In conclusion, our study provides evidence in support of a role for TIMP-2 in suppression of triple-negative breast cancer growth and metastasis through modulation of the epithelial to mesenchymal transition, vascular normalization, and signaling pathways associated with metastatic outgrowth. Our findings suggest that TIMP-2, a constituent of the extracellular matrix in normal tissues, may have both direct and systemic antitumor and metastasis suppressor effects, suggesting potential utility in the clinical management of breast cancer progression.
Temporal profiles of cortisol accumulation and clearance support scale cortisol content as an indicator of chronic stress in fish
Authors: Laberge Frédéric , Yin-Liao Irene , Bernier Nicholas J 
Published: October 2019

AbstractThe development of chronic stress indicators for fish is of great interest, but appropriate non-invasive methods are lagging those used in terrestrial vertebrates. Here, we explore the possibility that levels of the stress hormone cortisol in scales could be used as a chronic stress indicator. Three experiments were conducted to assess the temporal profiles of cortisol rise and fall in plasma and scales of goldfish (Carassius auratus) in response to stressors of varying intensity and duration. Results show that a single acute air emersion stressor does not influence scale cortisol content. In contrast, relative to plasma levels, the fall in scale cortisol content following a high-dose cortisol implant is delayed by at least 8 days, and the rise and fall in scale cortisol content in response to unpredictable chronic stress are delayed by at least 7 days. Also, scale cortisol content is spatially heterogeneous across the body surface of goldfish. Overall, since high and sustained circulating cortisol levels are needed to influence scale cortisol content and the rates of cortisol accumulation and clearance are much slower in scales than in plasma, our results show that scales can provide an integrated measure of cortisol production and serve as a chronic stress indicator.
The cyber-resilience of financial institutions: significance and applicability
Authors: Dupont Benoît 
Published: October 2019

AbstractThe growing sophistication, frequency and severity of cyberattacks targeting financial sector institutions highlight their inevitability and the impossibility of completely protecting the integrity of critical computer systems. In this context, cyber-resilience offers an attractive complementary alternative to the existing cybersecurity paradigm. Cyber-resilience is defined in this article as the capacity to withstand, recover from and adapt to the external shocks caused by cyber risks. Resilience has a long and rich history in a number of scientific disciplines, including in engineering and disaster management. One of its main benefits is that it enables complex organizations to prepare for adverse events and to keep operating under very challenging circumstances. This article seeks to explore the significance of this concept and its applicability to the online security of financial institutions. The first section examines the need for cyber-resilience in the financial sector, highlighting the different types of threats that target financial systems and the various measures of their adverse impact. This section concludes that the “prevent and protect” paradigm that has prevailed so far is inadequate, and that a cyber-resilience orientation should be added to the risk managers’ toolbox. The second section briefly traces the scientific history of the concept and outlines the five core dimensions of organizational resilience, which is dynamic, networked, practiced, adaptive, and contested. Finally, the third section analyses three types of institutional approaches that are used to foster cyber-resilience in the financial sector (and beyond): (i) a thriving cybersecurity industry is promoting cyber-resilience as the future of security; (ii) standards bodies are embedding cyber-resilience into some of their cybersecurity standards; and (iii) regulatory agencies have developed a broad range of compliance tools aimed at enhancing cyber-resilience.
Changes in exercise frequency and cardiovascular outcomes in older adults
Authors: Kim Kyuwoong , Choi Seulggie , Hwang Seo Eun , Son Joung Sik , Lee Jong-Koo , Oh Juhwan , Park Sang Min 
Published: October 2019

Abstract

Aims
Little is known about the association of changes in moderate to vigorous physical activity (MVPA) level with cardiovascular disease (CVD), especially in older adults whose ability to engage in frequent MVPA naturally wanes as they age. We aimed to examine the association of changes in MVPA and CVD in older adults.

Methods and results
In a nationwide cohort study of older adults aged 60 years or older, we identified more than 1.1 million subjects without previous history of CVD at baseline who underwent two consecutive national health screening from 2009 to 2012. We prospectively assessed the risk of CVD occurred between 2013 and 2016 according to changes in frequency of MVPA by initial MVPA status. Compared to those who were continuously physically inactive, those who increased their frequency of MVPA from physically inactive to 1–2 times per week [0.7/1000 person-years (PY) decrease in incidence rate (IR); adjusted hazard ratio (aHR) 0.95; 95% confidence interval (CI) 0.92–0.99], 3–4 times per week (1.5/1000 PY decrease in IR; aHR 0.89; 95% CI 0.84–0.94), ≥5 times per week (0.4/1000 PY decrease in IR; aHR 0.91; 95% CI 0.85–0.97) had a significantly reduced risk for total CVD (P for trend &lt;0.001). Older adults who became physically inactive from engaging in more than 1–2 times of MVPA per week had a higher CVD risk compared to those who maintained their frequency of MVPA.

Conclusion
Among older adults, engaging in higher frequency of MVPA or maintaining MVPA level was associated with reduced risk of CVD.
Differential interaction of the dark septate endophyte Cadophora sp. and fungal pathogens in vitro and in planta
Authors: Yakti Wael , Kovács Gábor M , Franken Philipp 
Published: October 2019

ABSTRACT
Dark septate endophytes (DSEs) present a group of widespread root-colonizing fungi. The role of these endophytes in ecosystems and their interactions with plant pathogens are not well understood. In the current study, we assessed the antagonistic potential of the model DSE Cadophora sp. against the tomato soilborne pathogens Rhizoctonia solani, Pythium aphanidermatum and Verticillium dahliae. To investigate their interactions, we conducted in vitro assays followed by a greenhouse experiments in which tomato plants were inoculated with different combinations of the DSE and pathogens. RNA accumulation of selected tomato pathogenesis-related genes and of Cadophora sp. genes with putative antifungal function was analyzed. Cadophora sp. inhibited the growth of the fungal pathogens in vitro and vice versa; a negative impact of the pathogens on the growth of the DSE was also detected. In roots, however, this mutual negative interaction could not be observed. Expression analyses of plant genes could not explain this differential effect, but among the Cadophora sp. genes analyzed, a gene coding for a chalcone synthase was downregulated in planta. The data indicate that plants can change the interaction between fungi and, therefore, in vitro detected antagonism does not necessarily reflect the situation inside the plant.
Epigenetic Clocks and Allostatic Load Reveal Potential Sex-Specific Drivers of Biological Aging
Authors: McCrory Cathal , Fiorito Giovanni , McLoughlin Sinead , Polidoro Silvia , Cheallaigh Cliona Ni , Bourke Nollaig , Karisola Piia , Alenius Harri , Vineis Paolo , Layte Richard , Kenny Rose Anne 
Published: October 2019

Abstract
Allostatic load (AL) and epigenetic clocks both attempt to characterize the accelerated aging of biological systems, but at present it is unclear whether these measures are complementary or distinct. This study examines the cross-sectional association of AL with epigenetic age acceleration (EAA) in a subsample of 490 community-dwelling older adults participating in The Irish Longitudinal study on Aging (TILDA). A battery of 14 biomarkers representing the activity of four different physiological systems: immunological, cardiovascular, metabolic, renal, was used to construct the AL score. DNA methylation age was computed according to the algorithms described by Horvath, Hannum, and Levine allowing for estimation of whether an individual is experiencing accelerated or decelerated aging. Horvath, Hannum, and Levine EAA correlated 0.05, 0.03, and 0.21 with AL, respectively. Disaggregation by sex revealed that AL was more strongly associated with EAA in men compared with women as assessed using Horvath’s clock. Metabolic dysregulation was a strong driver of EAA in men as assessed using Horvath and Levine’s clock, while metabolic and cardiovascular dysregulation were associated with EAA in women using Levine’s clock. Results indicate that AL and the epigenetic clocks are measuring different age-related variance and implicate sex-specific drivers of biological aging.