bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The understanding of solid electrolyte interface (SEI) formation and mechanism as the effect of flouro‐o‐phenylenedimaleimaide (F‐MI) additive on lithium‐ion battery
Authors: Hamidah Nur Laila , Wang Fu Ming , Nugroho Gunawan 
Published: November 2018

Solid electrolyte interface (SEI) is a critical factor that influences battery performance. SEI layer is formed by the decomposition of organic and inorganic compounds after the first cycle. This study investigates SEI formation as a product of electrolyte decomposition by the presence of flouro‐o‐phenylenedimaleimaide (F‐MI) additive. The presence of fluorine on the maleimide‐based additive can increase storage capacity and reversible discharge capacity due to high electronegativity and high electron‐withdrawing group. The electrolyte containing 0.1 wt% of F‐MI‐based additive can trigger the formation of SEI, which could suppress the decomposition of remaining electrolyte. The reduction potential was 2.35 to 2.21 V vs Li/Li+ as examined by cyclic voltammetry (CV). The mesocarbon microbeads (MCMB) cell with F‐MI additive showed the lowest SEI resistance (Rsei) at 5898 Ω as evaluated by the electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS). The morphology and element analysis on the negative electrode after the first charge‐discharge cycle were examined by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), energy dispersive spectrometry (EDS), and X‐ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS). XPS result showed that MCMB cell with F‐MI additive provides a higher intensity of organic compounds (RCH2OCO2Li) and thinner SEI than MCMB cell without an additive that provides a higher intensity of inorganic compound (Li2CO3 and Li2O), which leads to the performance decay. It is concluded that attaching the fluorine functional group on the maleimide‐based additive forms the ideal SEI formation for lithium‐ion battery.
Fabrication of Graphitic Carbon Nitride Quantum Dots and Their Application for Simultaneous Fluorescence Imaging and pH‐Responsive Drug Release
Authors: Dong Jian , Zhao Yanli , Wang Kaiqi , Chen Hongyu , Liu Li , Sun Baoliang , Yang Mingfeng , Sun Liping , Wang Yi , Yu Xuegang , Dong Lifeng 
Published: November 2018

AbstractA simple approach is developed to produce fluorescent graphitic carbon nitride quantum dots (g‐CNQDs) by refluxing bulk graphitic carbon nitride (g‐C3N4) in HNO3 followed by a direct hydrothermal treatment. Owing to their small size, intrinsic optical properties, low toxicity, and useful non‐covalent interactions with the antitumor drug doxorubicin (DOX), g‐CNQDs are investigated as fluorescent nanocarriers for DOX without any pre‐modification. The inherent fluorescence of g‐CNQDs and DOX provides the drug delivery system (g‐CNQDs‐DOX) with dual‐color imaging for revealing the intracellular localization of g‐CNQDs and DOX release. The release profiles of DOX from g‐CNQDs‐DOX reveal a strong dependence on the environmental pH value, which is beneficial for mollifying side effects following chemotherapy. Cellular uptake of g‐CNQDs‐DOX indicates that not only DOX but also some g‐CNQDs penetrate cell nuclei after 16 h of incubation, which leads g‐CNQDs‐DOX to be more toxic than DOX. The results demonstrate the feasibility of using g‐CNQDs as a traceable and pH‐responsive drug delivery system due to their unique structural properties.
Design, Synthesis, Characterization and Biological Evaluation of Ruthenium Complexes of Flavonethiosemicarbazones as Antiproliferative and Mycobacterial Activities
Authors: Singh Ashok K. , Saxena Gunjan , Singh Ravindra K. , Kumari Lovely , Sharma Rishabh , Singh Sudheer K. , Sahabzada  , Arshad Mohamad 
Published: November 2018

AbstractThe ruthenium(II) complexes of 3‐hydroxy‐4'‐substituted flavonethiosemicarbazones, (where 4'‐substituents are ‐OCH3 (LB1), ‐Cl (LB2), NMe2 (LB3)) with Ru(bpy)2Cl2 and Ru (phen)2Cl2 (bpy=2, 2′ bipyridine; Phen=1, 10 phenanthroline) viz. [Ru(bpy)2(LB1)]Cl2 (MB1), [Ru(bpy)2(LB2)]Cl2.2H2O, (MB2), [Ru(bpy)2(LB3)]Cl2.H2O (MB3), [Ru(phen)2(LB1)]Cl2.H2O, (MP1), [Ru(phen)2(LB2)]Cl2⋅1.5H2O (MP2), [Ru(phen)2(LB3)]Cl2 (MP3) were synthesized in good yield. All the compounds were characterized by elemental analysis, IR, 1H NMR, UV/Vis spectroscopy and ESI‐MS. The spectral features of the complexes matches well to their corresponding formula. The gas phase molecular structures of all complexes were determined using density functional theory (DFT) calculations. All the compounds were screened on A549 (Human Lung carcinoma) cell line using the MTT cell viability assay. The anti‐mycobacterial drug susceptibility testing (DST) was performed using Resazurin Microtiter plate assay with glycerol as carbon source. The effect of compounds on morphological changes of cultured cells was analysed. The compound MB2 showed good cytotoxic activity against human lung carcinoma cell line A549. Similarly, compound MP2 showed good anti‐mycobacterial activity with more than 40% inhibition of growth.
Synthesis and Biological Evaluation of Carbazole Aminoalcohols as Antitumor Agents
Authors: Chen Zhuo , Yang Tingyuan , Wang Weisi , Yao Junmin , Han Shaomin , Tao Yi , Wang Rui , Duan Liping 
Published: November 2018

AbstractA series of racemic and chiral carbazole aminoalcohols were synthesized and evaluated of their antitumor activities. The heterocycle, substitution site, length of alkyl chain as well as chirality were proved to interfere the topoisomerase I (topo I) inhibition activities. Carbazole aminoalcohols with potent topo I inhibition activities, like pyrrolidine derivative 5 and propyl‐ to pentyl‐ amines derivatives 7, 14, 15 and 24, were proved to exhibit good antitumor activities with IC50s in the single digit micromolar range against cancer cell lines A549, HCT116, and MDA‐MB‐231. Meanwhile, the hexyl‐ to decyl‐ amines substituted carbazole aminoalcohols (16‐22), though not showing good topo I inhibition activities, were also found to have potent antitumor activities. Further research proved that the representative compound 16 had broad‐spectrum antitumor activities against 15 cancer cell lines from various organs with IC50s at 1.5 – 7.9 μΜ and induced apoptosis‐inducing activities in leukemia cell lines. In in vivo studies, 16 inhibits the tumor growth in OCI‐AML2 xenograft model with TGI = 43%. Bcl‐2 was proved to involve in compound 16 induced apoptosis.
The prevalence and treatment of mental health conditions documented in general practice in Ireland
Authors: O’Doherty Jane , Hannigan Ailish , Hickey Louise , Meagher David , Cullen Walter , O’Connor Raymond , O’Regan Andrew 
Published: November 2018

ObjectivesAs prevalence of mental health disorders increases worldwide, recognition and treatment of these disorders falls increasingly into the remit of primary care. This study investigated the prevalence and management of adults presenting to their general practitioner (GP) in Ireland with a psychological condition.MethodsA random number function was used to select 100 patients with a consultation in the previous 2 years from 40 general practices around Ireland. The clinical records of these patients were examined using a standardised reporting tool to extract information on demographics, eligibility for free care, prevalence and treatment of psychological conditions.ResultsFrom a sample of 3845 ‘active’ patients, 620 (16%, 95% confidence interval 15–17%) had a documented psychological condition in the previous 2 years. The most common diagnoses were depression (54%) followed by stress and anxiety (47%). The following patient characteristics were associated with having a documented mental health condition: female gender; higher GP consultation rate; a referral or attendance at secondary care and eligibility for free GP care. Of those with a psychological condition, 34% received a psychological intervention and 81% received a pharmacological intervention.ConclusionsThe overall prevalence estimate of mental health disorders for this sample was lower than previously documented in primary care. Patients diagnosed with mental health disorders had higher utilisation of health services and pharmacological treatment was common.
Preliminary analysis of gaseous radiocarbon behavior in a geological repository hosted in salt rock
Authors: Levizzari Riccardo , Ferrucci Barbara , Luce Alfredo 
Published: November 2018

ABSTRACTA preliminary evaluation of gaseous radiocarbon (14C) behavior under geological repository conditions for Italian radioactive high level waste-long-lived and intermediate level waste disposal has been performed. Although in Italy there is still no defined project for a geological disposal facility, current work may support future safety assessment studies for a hypothetical future repository in deep salt rock. In the Italian context of radioactive waste, the percentage of 14C bearing waste to be disposed in a possible geological repository is low; irradiated graphite is the most important radiological source. Data about the radiological inventory has been collected to simulate production and migration of gaseous 14C in a hypothetical geological repository. Three different conceptual models have been developed and simulated. The first model has considered a preliminary evaluation of the radiological impact referred to the whole inventory; the second and third model have evaluated the impact only due to the irradiated graphite. A preliminary sensitivity analysis has been carried out, highlighting the importance of geometry and of distribution coefficients (Kd) in materials used to seal the disposal underground facility. Results show the possibility to correlate the Kd values, the volume and the location of the sealing materials to the amount of 14C migrating toward the surface.
The Structure of Root Data and Smooth Regular Embeddings of Reductive Groups
Authors: Taylor Jay 
Published: November 2018

AbstractWe investigate the structure of root data by considering their decomposition as a product of a semisimple root datum and a torus. Using this decomposition, we obtain a parametrization of the isomorphism classes of all root data. By working at the level of root data, we introduce the notion of a smooth regular embedding of a connected reductive algebraic group, which is a refinement of the commonly used regular embeddings introduced by Lusztig. In the absence of Steinberg endomorphisms, such embeddings were constructed by Benjamin Martin. In an unpublished manuscript, Asai proved three key reduction techniques that are used for reducing statements about arbitrary connected reductive algebraic groups, equipped with a Frobenius endomorphism, to those whose derived subgroup is simple and simply connected. Using our investigations into root data we give new proofs of Asai's results and generalize them so that they are compatible with Steinberg endomorphisms. As an illustration of these ideas, we answer a question posed to us by Olivier Dudas concerning unipotent supports.
A novel use of intratympanic dexamethasone for intractable posterior canal benign paroxysmal positional vertigo: report of two cases
Authors: Kelkar A , Johnson I 
Published: November 2018

AbstractBackgroundBenign paroxysmal positional vertigo is a common inner-ear pathology, characterised by episodic vertigo lasting for a few seconds that is associated with sudden change in the head position. Benign paroxysmal positional vertigo is treated with canalolith repositioning manoeuvres. Intractable vertigo describes a small group of patients who either do not improve with canalolith repositioning manoeuvres (persistent cases) or who relapse after improvement of initial symptoms (recurrent cases). These cases are difficult to treat and may have to be treated surgically.Case reportsThis paper reports two cases of intractable posterior canal benign paroxysmal positional vertigo that were treated with intratympanic dexamethasone injections on an interval basis.ResultsBoth patients showed good control of their vertiginous symptoms, with negative Dix–Hallpike test findings following the intervention.ConclusionThe findings support an underlying inflammatory pathology in intractable benign paroxysmal positional vertigo; intratympanic steroids should be considered as an intermediate option before proceeding to a definitive surgical intervention.
Voter Mobilization 101: Presidential Campaign Visits to Colleges and Universities in the 2016 Election
Authors: Devine Christopher J. 
Published: November 2018

ABSTRACTPresidential candidates frequently hold campaign events on college and university campuses. Yet, the frequency of and motivations for holding these events on-campus has not been subject to systematic empirical analysis. This article analyzes an original database of presidential campaign visits in 2016 to determine how often and why the candidates held their events on-campus. I find that colleges and universities hosted more campaign visits (16.9%) than any other type of venue in 2016. Also, the Democratic candidates apparently used these visits to mobilize young people to register and vote. Democrats (29.5%) visited campuses far more often than Republicans (8.2%), and—unlike Republicans—Democrats were significantly more likely to hold events on-campus, instead of at another venue, as the host-state’s voter registration deadline, its early voting period, or Election Day neared. This research informs scholars’ understanding of the role that young people, as well as colleges and universities, play in American electoral politics.
Silicified plant megafossils from the upper Turonian of Vienne, western France
Authors: Gomez Bernard , Daviero-Gomez Véronique , Garcia Géraldine , Caner Laurent , Boura Anaïs , Barral Abel , Cantinolle Patrice , Valentin Xavier 
Published: November 2018

ABSTRACTA new locality with silicified permineralised plant megafossils is reported from the upper Turonian of Colombiers, Vienne, western France. The plant fossil assemblage consists of Geinitzia reichenbachii (Geinitz) Hollick et Jeffrey and ‘Lomatopteris' superstes Saporta. Whilst G. reichenbachii is a worldwide widespread Cretaceous conifer, ‘L.' superstes is reported in western France for the first time. The latter fossil shows bipinnately compound leaf, marginal teeth, one thick primary vein, pinnate secondary veins and faint, reticulate, narrower veins. Besides its fern-like gross morphology, these characters indicate that it most likely belongs to angiosperms and eudicots. The formation of silicified nodules bearing such fossils from the Cenomanian to the Coniacian of western France was previously attributed to the secondary silicification of limestones during Cenozoic climatic weathering episodes. However, based on both petrography and preservation evidence, we demonstrate that it was an endogenic process contemporaneous to the earliest stages of fossil diagenesis created by palaeoenvironmental and climatic conditions.
On the Need of a Unified Methodology for Processing Schumann Resonance Measurements
Authors: Rodríguez‐Camacho J. , Fornieles J. , Carrión M.C. , Portí J. A. , Toledo‐Redondo S. , Salinas A. 
Published: November 2018

AbstractThe monitoring of natural electromagnetic activity in the extremely low frequency range is considered as a means of obtaining global information on the lightning activity and other parameters concerning the state of the Earth's atmosphere. In this sense, the possible application of the study of Schumann resonances (SRs) to environmental monitoring systems has already been proposed in the recent past. However, the usual lack of details existing in the literature concerning the process of extracting SR parameters hinders the development of global networks intended for environmental purposes. In this paper, the methodology used to extract SR information from data measured at the Sierra Nevada extremely low frequency station, Spain, is described in detail. The process is split in three main parts: the determination of the amplitude spectrum from the low‐amplitude noisy signal measured, the anthropogenic noise elimination and, finally, the calculation of an analytical function to fit the filtered amplitude spectrum from which SR parameters can be precisely defined. Some different options in the method are considered, and their effect on the SR results has been quantified. Significant differences in the final results have been observed in some of the options considered. As a conclusion of this work, it becomes clear that, if data from different research groups are to be shared and quantitatively compared, a standardization of the process is required or, at least, some details on the station and this process should be provided together with the SR results.
Mantle Sources of Recent Anatolian Intraplate Magmatism: A Regional Plume or Local Tectonic Origin?
Authors: Nikogosian I. K. , Bracco Gartner A. J. J. , van Bergen M. J. , Mason P. R. D. , van Hinsbergen D. J. J. 
Published: November 2018

AbstractWe present an extensive study of rehomogenized olivine‐hosted melt inclusions, olivine phenocrysts, and chromian spinel inclusions to explore the link between geodynamic conditions and the origin and composition of Pliocene–Quaternary intraplate magmatism in Anatolia at Kula, Ceyhan‐Osmaniye, and Karacadağ. Exceptional compositional variability of these products reveals early and incomplete mixing of distinct parental melts in each volcanic center, reflecting asthenospheric and lithospheric mantle sources. The studied primitive magmas consist of (1) two variably enriched ocean island basalt (OIB)‐type melts in Kula; (2) both OIB‐type and plume mid‐ocean ridge basalt (P‐MORB)‐like melts beneath Toprakkale and Üçtepeler (Ceyhan‐Osmaniye); and (3) two variably enriched OIB‐type melts beneath Karacadağ. Estimated conditions of primary melt generation are 23–9 kbar, 75–30 km, and 1415–1215 °C for Kula; 28–19 kbar, 90–65 km, and 1430–1350 °C for Toprakkale; 23–18 kbar, 75–60 km, and 1400–1355 °C for Üçtepeler; and 35–27 kbar, 115–90 km, and 1530–1455 °C for Karacadağ, the deepest levels of which correspond to the depth of the lithosphere‐asthenosphere boundary in all regions. Although magma ascent was likely facilitated by local deformation structures, recent Anatolian intraplate magmatism seems to be triggered by large‐scale mantle flow that also affects the wider Arabian and North African regions. We infer that these volcanics form part of a much wider Arabian‐North African intraplate volcanic province, which was able to invade the Anatolian upper plate through slab gaps.
Impact of Pediatrician Invitation on Enrollment in Behavioral Parent Training
Authors: Pyle Kellina K. , Artis N. Janine , Vaughan Russell S. , Fabiano Gregory A. 
Published: November 2018

Given that parent training in behavior therapy is recommended as a first-line treatment for young children with challenging behaviors, mechanisms to increase parent engagement are needed. A between-groups intervention study was conducted in a primary care setting with 482 families of children with challenging behaviors. Families received 1 of 2 mailings. The first included a flyer advertising a behavioral parent training (BPT) program, whereas the second included both the flyer and a personal invitation from the pediatrician. Twenty-three families enrolled in the BPT program. Of these, 20 had received both the flyer and invitation, whereas only 3 who had received only the flyer enrolled, a significant difference, χ (1) = 5.83, p < .05, φ = 0.11. Although the level of engagement from the target population was low (only 4% of the 482 families identified), it was significantly higher than it would have been if only the recruitment flyer were used (0.6%). While simple, this technique may be an important contribution to future research and clinical programs seeking to recruit parents for BPT. Implications for Impact Statement Although it is a recommended, evidence-based intervention, behavioral parent training unfortunately has very low enrollment. This article shows that sending home a pediatrician invitation to families with children who have challenging behaviors can increase the likelihood that these parents will enroll in a parent training group, helping them gain essential skills in managing their children’s behaviors.
Kirigami-inspired, highly stretchable micro-supercapacitor patches fabricated by laser conversion and cutting
Authors: Xu Renxiao , Zverev Anton , Hung Aaron , Shen Caiwei , Irie Lauren , Ding Geoffrey , Whitmeyer Michael , Ren Liangjie , Griffin Brandon , Melcher Jack , Zheng Lily , Zang Xining , Sanghadasa Mohan , Lin Liwei 
Published: November 2018

AbstractThe recent developments in material sciences and rational structural designs have advanced the field of compliant and deformable electronics systems. However, many of these systems are limited in either overall stretchability or areal coverage of functional components. Here, we design a construct inspired by Kirigami for highly deformable micro-supercapacitor patches with high areal coverages of electrode and electrolyte materials. These patches can be fabricated in simple and efficient steps by laser-assisted graphitic conversion and cutting. Because the Kirigami cuts significantly increase structural compliance, segments in the patches can buckle, rotate, bend and twist to accommodate large overall deformations with only a small strain (<3%) in active electrode areas. Electrochemical testing results have proved that electrical and electrochemical performances are preserved under large deformation, with less than 2% change in capacitance when the patch is elongated to 382.5% of its initial length. The high design flexibility can enable various types of electrical connections among an array of supercapacitors residing in one patch, by using different Kirigami designs.
Boolean Calcium Signalling Model Predicts Calcium Role in Acceleration and Stability of Abscisic Acid-Mediated Stomatal Closure
Authors: Waidyarathne Pramuditha , Samarasinghe Sandhya 
Published: November 2018

AbstractInconsistent hypotheses have proposed Ca2+ as either being essential or irrelevant and redundant in ABA induced stomatal closure. This study integrates all available information from literature to define ABA signalling pathway and presents it in a systems view for clearer understanding of the role of Ca2+ in stomatal closure. Importantly, it incorporates into an Asynchronous Boolean model time delays sourced from an extensive literature search. The model predicted the timing of ABA events and mutant behaviour close to biology. It revealed biologically reported timing for Ca2+ activation and Ca2+ dynamics consistent with biology. It also predicts that Ca2+ elevation is not essential in stomatal closure but it can accelerate closure, consistent with previous findings, but our model further explains that acting as a mediator, Ca2+ accelerates stomatal closure by enhancing plasma membrane slowly activating anion channel SLAC1 and actin rearrangement. It shows statistical significance of Ca2+ induced acceleration of closure and that of Ca2+ induced acceleration of SLAC1 activation. Further, the model demonstrates that Ca2+ enhances resilience of closure to perturbation of important elements; especially, ROS pathway, as did previous ABA model, and even to the ABA signal disruption. It goes further to elucidate the mechanisms by which Ca2+ engenders stomatal closure in these perturbations.