bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Hypomethylating agents in combination with venetoclax for acute myeloid leukemia: Update on clinical trial data and practical considerations for use
Authors: Mei Matthew , Aldoss Ibrahim , Marcucci Guido , Pullarkat Vinod 
Published: November 2018

AbstractOne of the most promising developments in therapy for acute myeloid leukemia (AML) in recent years has been the combination of hypomethylating agents (HMA, either decitabine or 5‐azacytidine) with the Bcl‐2 inhibitor venetoclax (VEN). Although both classes of drugs have single‐agent activity in AML, the combination has resulted in high rates of complete remission (CR) both in the frontline and relapsed settings suggesting synergy between these two agents. Recent data have suggested that CR + CR with incomplete count recovery rate may exceed 70% for frontline VEN‐HMA. Moreover, this activity has been observed across various genetic subtypes of AML including those known to have very poor response to conventional chemotherapy. Although VEN has only recently obtained FDA approval for treatment of AML, there has been increasing on and off‐label use of this combination given its striking efficacy and excellent toxicity profile. In this article, we summarize the current available data on this combination and offer practical guidelines for management of patients receiving VEN‐HMA. Our recommendations are based on protocol guidelines, published data from clinical trials as well as from analysis of real world evidence from patients treated with this combination.
Body mass index trajectories during the first year of life and their determining factors
Authors: Liu Junxiu , Liu Jihong , Frongillo Edward A. , Boghossian Nansi S. , Cai Bo , Zhou Haiming , Hazlett Linda J. 
Published: November 2018

AbstractObjectiveThe purpose of this study was to examine the trajectories of body mass index (BMI) in the first year of life and their determining factors.MethodsWe used data from the Infant Feeding Practices Survey II restricted to children with 2 or more time points of BMI data during follow‐up visits within the first year of life (n = 2320). Latent class growth analysis was used to identify distinct BMI trajectories. Using multinomial logistic regression, we examined the prenatal and early life determinants of the identified trajectories.ResultsThree BMI trajectories were identified during the first year of life: “low‐stable” (81.6%), “high‐stable” (15.6%), and “rising” (2.8%) trajectories. Boys, preterm infants, infants born to overweight mothers, Hispanic mothers, non‐Hispanic Black mothers, and mothers who smoked during pregnancy were significantly more likely to have high‐stable versus low‐stable trajectories. Infants born to non‐Hispanic Black mothers were more likely to have a rising versus a low‐stable trajectory. Household income ≥350% of the federal poverty level and full adherence to the guidelines of the American Academy of Pediatrics for both breastfeeding exclusivity and duration reduced the likelihood of infants being in the rising versus the low‐stable trajectory.ConclusionDistinct BMI trajectories were evident as early as infancy. The predictors of these trajectories offer information about high‐risk groups, and important and preventable prenatal and postnatal risk factors for future intervention programs.
Using deep neural networks on airborne laser scanning data: Results from a case study of semi‐automatic mapping of archaeological topography on Arran, Scotland
Authors: Trier Øivind Due , Cowley David C. , Waldeland Anders Ueland 
Published: November 2018

AbstractThis article presents results of a case study within a project that seeks to develop heavily automated analysis of digital topographic data to extract archaeological information and to expedite large area mapping. Drawing on developments in computer vision and machine learning, this has the potential to fundamentally recast the capacity of archaeological prospection to cover large areas and deal with mass data, breaking a dependency on human resource. Without such developments, the potential of the vast amount of archaeological information embedded in large topographic and image‐based datasets cannot be realized. The purpose of the case study reported on here is to assess existing developments in a Norwegian study against digital topographic data for the island of Arran, Scotland, examining the transferability of the approach and providing a proof of concept in a Scottish context. For Arran, three monument classes were assessed – prehistoric roundhouses, shieling huts of medieval or post‐medieval date, and small clearance cairns. These present different challenges to detection, with preliminary results ranging from a manageable mix of false positives and true identifications to the chaotic. The influence of variable morphology and the occurrence of other, largely natural, objects of confusion in the landscape is discussed, highlighting the potential improvements in automated detection routines offered by adding anthropogenic and natural false positives to additional confusion classes.
2018 American College of Rheumatology/National Psoriasis Foundation Guideline for the Treatment of Psoriatic Arthritis
Authors: Singh Jasvinder A. , Guyatt Gordon , Ogdie Alexis , Gladman Dafna D. , Deal Chad , Deodhar Atul , Dubreuil Maureen , Dunham Jonathan , Husni M. Elaine , Kenny Sarah , Kwan‐Morley Jennifer , Lin Janice , Marchetta Paula , Mease Philip J. , Merola Joseph F. , Miner Julie , Ritchlin Christopher T. , Siaton Bernadette , Smith Benjamin J. , Van Voorhees Abby S. , Jonsson Anna Helena , Shah Amit Aakash , Sullivan Nancy , Turgunbaev Marat , Coates Laura C. , Gottlieb Alice , Magrey Marina , Nowell W. Benjamin , Orbai Ana‐Maria , Reddy Soumya M. , Scher Jose U. , Siegel Evan , Siegel Michael , Walsh Jessica A. , Turner Amy S. , Reston James 
Published: November 2018

ObjectiveTo develop an evidence‐based guideline for the pharmacologic and nonpharmacologic treatment of psoriatic arthritis (PsA), as a collaboration between the American College of Rheumatology (ACR) and the National Psoriasis Foundation (NPF).MethodsWe identified critical outcomes in PsA and clinically relevantPICO(population/intervention/comparator/outcomes) questions. A Literature Review Team performed a systematic literature review to summarize evidence supporting the benefits and harms of available pharmacologic and nonpharmacologic therapies for PsA.GRADE(Grading of Recommendations Assessment, Development and Evaluation) methodology was used to rate the quality of the evidence. A voting panel, including rheumatologists, dermatologists, other health professionals, and patients, achieved consensus on the direction and the strength of the recommendations.ResultsThe guideline covers the management of active PsA in patients who are treatment‐naive and those who continue to have active PsA despite treatment, and addresses the use of oral small molecules, tumor necrosis factor inhibitors, interleukin‐12/23 inhibitors (IL‐12/23i),IL‐17 inhibitors,CTLA4‐Ig (abatacept), and aJAKinhibitor (tofacitinib). We also developed recommendations for psoriatic spondylitis, predominant enthesitis, and treatment in the presence of concomitant inflammatory bowel disease, diabetes, or serious infections. We formulated recommendations for a treat‐to‐target strategy, vaccinations, and nonpharmacologic therapies. Six percent of the recommendations were strong and 94% conditional, indicating the importance of active discussion between the health care provider and the patient to choose the optimal treatment.ConclusionThe 2018ACR/NPFPsA guideline serves as a tool for health care providers and patients in the selection of appropriate therapy in common clinical scenarios. Best treatment decisions consider each individual patient situation. The guideline is not meant to be proscriptive and should not be used to limit treatment options for patients with PsA.
Tritopic Triazatruxene Ligands for Multicomponent Metal‐Organic Frameworks
Authors: Alkaş Adil , Cornelio Joel , Telfer Shane G. 
Published: November 2018

AbstractMulticomponent metal‐organic frameworks (MOFs) are built up from multiple ligands that are geometrically distinct. These ligands occupy specific positions in the MOF lattice. Installing different functionalities at precise locations in the framework is an important step in making MOFs for specific applications. This can be achieved by designing functionalized ligands for multicomponent MOFs. Here, we report a simple synthetic procedure for a new tritopic triazatruxene based tricarboxylic acid, H3tat. We show that this ligand can be symmetrically derivatized with various substituents on its nitrogen centres. We report a new isoreticular series of well‐ordered quaternary MOFs based on these new triazatruxene ligands together with two linear carboxylate ligands and Zn4O clusters. These MOFs are isostructural to the previously reported MUF‐77 series and show similar high surface areas and large pore volumes. Furthermore, H‐bonding between the NH sites of the incorporated triazatruxene ligands and guest molecules is employed to modify their fluorescence behavior.
Techno‐economic assessment of the use of solvents in the scale‐up of microbial sesquiterpene production for fuels and fine chemicals
Authors: Cuesta Susana Pedraza‐de la , Knopper Loes , van der Wielen Luuk A.M. , Cuellar Maria C. 
Published: November 2018

AbstractSesquiterpenes are a group of versatile, 15‐carbon molecules with applications ranging from fuels to fine chemicals and pharmaceuticals. When produced by microbial fermentation at laboratory scale, solvents are often employed for reducing product evaporation and enhancing recovery. However, it is not clear whether this approach constitutes a favorable techno‐economic alternative at production scale. In this study empirical correlations, mass transfer and process flow sheeting models were used to perform a techno‐economic assessment of solvent‐based processes at scales typical for flavors and fragrances (25 MT year−1) and the fuel market (25 000 MT year−1). Different solvent‐based process options were compared to the current state of the art, which employs surfactants for product recovery. The use of solvents did reduce the sesquiterpene evaporation rate during fermentation and improved product recovery but it resulted in costs that were higher than, or similar to, the base case due to the additional equipment cost for solvent‐product separation. However, when selecting solvents compatible with the final product formulation (e.g. in a kerosene enrichment process), unit costs as low as $0.7 kg−1 can be achieved while decreasing environmental impact. © 2018 The Authors. Biofuels, Bioproducts and Biorefining published by Society of Chemical Industry and John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Childhood abuse, depressive vulnerability and gender dysphoria: Part 2
Authors: Firth Malcolm T. 
Published: November 2018

AbstractBackgroundThe recent reclassification of gender identity disorder as gender dysphoria (GD) in DSM‐5 identifies those seeking to pursue gender transition via specialist services as necessarily ‘distressed’ and therefore mentally disordered. Distress in gender variant clients may arise from a variety of stressors, external and intra‐psychic, many of which may have their roots in childhood experience [E. Bandini et al. (2011)].Aims(1) to review current thinking on gender variance and recognition and classification of GD (2) to detail the contribution of childhood adversity to distress in gender variant clients from an audit of 50 such clients (33 assigned/natal males and 17 assigned/natal females) of a mainstream NHS psychosexual service.MethodsCurrent issues in classification and diagnosis of GD, and debate on the aetiology of gender variance, are reviewed briefly. Audit findings on health, treatment issues and support, and thematic analysis of childhood experiences, provide the basis for a case example of a post‐transition client experiencing some common difficulties associated with GD and childhood adversity.ConclusionsPragmatism of diagnosis and treatment of GD contrasts with the variety of theories of causation of gender variance itself. ‘Distress’ as a precondition of treatment may reflect childhood experience as much as GD‐specific symptoms, and may contribute more to persistent psychological vulnerability. While educational programmes in schools and a better knowledge base in counselling and related training curricula are indicated, gender dysphoric clients, pre‐ and post‐transition, experience common life problems for which generic forms of counselling and therapy are appropriate.
Practitioner‐based research and qualitative interviewing: Using therapeutic skills to enrich research in counselling and psychotherapy
Authors: McVey Lynn , Lees John , Nolan Greg 
Published: November 2018

AbstractBackgroundThe researcher's reflexive use of self forms part of a well‐established tradition in counselling and psychotherapy research. This paper reviews that tradition briefly, with particular reference to an approach known as ‘practitioner‐based research’ that has developed from it. In this approach, researcher‐practitioners use their therapeutic skills and judgement and thereby enrich their understanding of research participants, themselves and their relationship.AimThe paper aims to contribute to the practitioner‐based approach by showing how it can impact on data collection, using an example from a qualitative interview.MethodologyA moment of interaction between a participant and a therapy researcher in a qualitative interview is examined, framed within psychotherapeutic intersubjectivity theory. The researcher's reflexive awareness of micro‐aspects of the relationship with the participant is reviewed, captured in their language and the split‐second daydreams or reveries that arose as they interacted.FindingsThe authors argue that the approach enhanced this small‐scale study by intensifying the researcher's engagement with the participant and enriching her understanding of their relationship and the subject under investigation.ImplicationsThe paper highlights the unique value and contribution that this approach offers to therapy research and practice.
Therapeutic practice with refugee clients: A qualitative study of therapist experience
Authors: Schweitzer Robert , van Wyk Sierra , Murray Kate 
Published: November 2018

AbstractBackgroundThere is limited research on the subjective experience of therapists and their understanding of therapeutic process when working with people from refugee backgrounds.ObjectiveThis study provides a qualitative account of therapists’ conceptions of therapeutic practice and experiences of working therapeutically with refugee clients.MethodParticipants were 12 mental health workers who had worked therapeutically with people from refugee backgrounds, with an average of 7.6 years (range 1.5–16 years) of experience in this field. Participants completed a semi‐structured interview and completed a brief quantitative survey.FindingsThematic analysis revealed a number of superordinate themes. Four key themes are explored in this study: principles of therapeutic practice; therapy as a relational experience; the role of context in informing therapeutic work with refugee clients; and the impact of therapeutic work on the therapist.DiscussionThe results revealed the complexity and demands of working with people from refugee backgrounds. Further, the lack of research evidence for the methods of therapeutic practice described in this study highlights the distinction between naturalistic therapeutic practice and the current state of the evidence regarding therapeutic interventions for refugee clients. The findings have important implications for training and supporting therapists to work with people who have fled their countries of origin and who have often been exposed to highly traumatic events.
Effect of Organic Solvents on the Electrochemical Performance of Sodium‐Ion Hybrid Capacitors
Authors: Park Myung‐Soo , Veerasubramani Ganesh Kumar , Thangavel Ranjith , Lee Yun‐Sung , Kim Dong‐Won 
Published: November 2018

AbstractA comparative study on the ionic conductivity of carbonate‐ and ether‐based electrolytes was performed, which showed that the ionic conductivity was strongly affected by the dielectric constant of the organic solvent. The relationship between the physicochemical properties of a liquid electrolyte and the cycling performance of sodium‐ion hybrid capacitors (SICs) was assessed by comparing the electrochemical characteristics of SICs assembled with a negative activated carbon electrode and a positive Na3V2(PO4)3 electrode. Cyclic voltammetry, leakage current measurements, and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy results demonstrated that the good cycling performance of SICs with carbonate‐based electrolytes can be ascribed to their superior electrochemical stability, large amounts of free ions, and favorable electrochemical reaction kinetics. An SIC employing an electrolyte consisting of 1.0 M NaClO4 in ethylene carbonate/propylene carbonate exhibited a good rate capability and delivered a high initial discharge capacity of 98.7 mAh g−1 with a capacity retention of 90.8 % after 1000 cycles at a constant current density of 500 mA g−1.
The Hexameric Resorcinarene Capsule at Work: Supramolecular Catalysis in Confined Spaces
Authors: Gaeta Carmine , Talotta Carmen , De Rosa Margherita , La Manna Pellegrino , Soriente Annunziata , Neri Placido 
Published: November 2018

AbstractThe hexameric resorcinarene capsule reported by Atwood in 1997 is able to act as a supramolecular catalyst. Its inner cavity provides a unique environment, in which organic reactions can be efficiently catalyzed, thanks to the confinement effect of the substrates. In addition, different stereo‐ and regiochemical outcomes can be observed with respect to reactions in the bulk solvent. The hexameric capsule shows some catalytic features reminiscent of natural enzymes. In particular, highlights of the capsule discussed herein include 1) its ability to recognize the substrates (substrate selectivity), 2) the possibility of stabilizing the transition states and intermediates through secondary interactions, 3) an inherent Brønsted acidity, and 4) its ability to act as a hydrogen‐bond catalyst. In addition, it is also shown how the catalytic activity of the hexameric capsule can be modulated in the presence of competitive alkylammonium guests, which show high affinities for its internal cavity. These aspects are discussed through a critical examination of data reported in the literature in recent years.
Characterization and gonadal hormone regulation of a sexually dimorphic corticotropin‐releasing factor receptor 1 cell group
Authors: Rosinger Zachary J. , Jacobskind Jason S. , Bulanchuk Nicole , Malone Margaret , Fico Danielle , Justice Nicholas J. , Zuloaga Damian G. 
Published: November 2018

AbstractCorticotropin‐releasing factor binds with high affinity to CRF receptor 1 (CRFR1) and is implicated in stress‐related mood disorders such as anxiety and depression. Using a validated CRFR1‐green fluorescent protein (GFP) reporter mouse, our laboratory recently discovered a nucleus of CRFR1 expressing cells that is prominent in the female rostral anteroventral periventricular nucleus (AVPV/PeN), but largely absent in males. This sex difference is present in the early postnatal period and remains dimorphic into adulthood. The present investigation sought to characterize the chemical composition and gonadal hormone regulation of these sexually dimorphic CRFR1 cells using immunohistochemical procedures. We report that CRFR1‐GFP‐ir cells within the female AVPV/PeN are largely distinct from other dimorphic cell populations (kisspeptin, tyrosine hydroxylase). However, CRFR1‐GFP‐ir cells within the AVPV/PeN highly co‐express estrogen receptor alpha as well as glucocorticoid receptor. A single injection of testosterone propionate or estradiol benzoate on the day of birth completely eliminates the AVPV/PeN sex difference, whereas adult gonadectomy has no effect on CRFR1‐GFP cell number. These results indicate that the AVPV/PeN CRFR1 is regulated by perinatal but not adult gonadal hormones. Finally, female AVPV/PeN CRFR1‐GFP‐ir cells are activated following an acute 30‐min restraint stress, as assessed by co‐localization of CRFR1‐GFP cells with phosphorylated (p) CREB. CRFR1‐GFP/pCREB cells were largely absent in the male AVPV/PeN. Together, these data indicate a stress and gonadal hormone responsive nucleus that is unique to females and may contribute to sex‐specific stress responses.
Age‐dependent release of high‐mobility group box protein‐1 and cellular neuroinflammation after traumatic brain injury in mice
Authors: Webster Kyria M. , Sun Mujun , Crack Peter J. , O'Brien Terence J. , Shultz Sandy R. , Semple Bridgette D. 
Published: November 2018

AbstractAccumulating research suggests that children may be more vulnerable to poor long‐term outcomes after traumatic brain injury (TBI) compared to adults. The neuroinflammatory response, known to contribute to neuropathology after TBI, appears to differ depending upon age‐at‐insult, although this response has not been well‐characterized. Elevated levels of a key initiator of inflammation, high‐mobility group box protein 1 (HMGB1), have been associated with worsened outcomes after TBI in young patients. This study therefore aimed to characterize the acute time course of key mediators of the inflammatory cascade, including HMGB1, after pediatric and adult TBI. Male C57Bl/6 mice were subjected to severe controlled cortical impact or a sham control surgery, at either early adulthood (8–10 weeks) or a pediatric age (3 weeks). Cortical tissue was collected for Western blot detection of astrocyte and microglial activation (GFAP and CD68) and HMGB1 at 2 hr, 6 hr, 24 hr, 3 days, and 7 days postinjury, and serum was collected for enzyme‐linked immunoassays to quantify peripheral HMGB1. An additional cohort of brains was harvested at 3 day postinjury for immunofluorescence staining. Results demonstrated a temporal profile of CD68, GFAP, and HMGB1 after TBI relative to sham, which differed between the adult and pediatric cohorts. An increase in peripheral HMGB1 was found in serum from pediatric TBI mice, which was not evident in adult serum. Together, these findings demonstrate that HMGB1 and the downstream cellular inflammatory response are influenced by age‐at‐insult, which may be an important consideration for treatment strategies aiming to ameliorate this response after TBI.
Pharmacokinetic Interaction Study Between Saxagliptin and Omeprazole, Famotidine, or Magnesium and Aluminum Hydroxides Plus Simethicone in Healthy Subjects: An Open‐Label Randomized Crossover Study
Authors: Ren Song , Boulton David W. 
Published: November 2018

AbstractSaxagliptin is an orally administered, highly potent, and selective dipeptidyl peptidase‐4 inhibitor for the management of type 2 diabetes mellitus. This study was conducted to determine the effect of magnesium and aluminum hydroxides plus simethicone, famotidine, and omeprazole on the pharmacokinetics of saxagliptin and its active metabolite, 5‐hydroxy saxagliptin. This was an open‐label, randomized, 5‐treatment, 5‐period, 3‐way crossover study in 15 healthy subjects. Mean Cmax of saxagliptin was 26% lower, but AUC was almost unchanged when saxagliptin was coadministered with Maalox Max. Mean Cmax was 14% higher, but AUC was almost unchanged when saxagliptin was coadministered with famotidine. Changes in pharmacokinetics of 5‐hydroxy saxagliptin generally paralleled the changes in saxagliptin. These pharmacokinetic changes were unlikely to be clinically meaningful. Coadministration of omeprazole did not affect saxagliptin Cmax or AUC. Saxagliptin in combination with these medicines resulted in no unexpected safety or tolerability findings in these healthy subjects. No dose adjustment of saxagliptin or separation in the time of saxagliptin dosing is necessary with medicines that raise gastric pH when coadministered with saxagliptin.