bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Failing by design; exploring the currere lived experiences of a low‐socioeconomic status boy in primary school
Authors: Greaves Morten , Devine Dympna , Martinez‐Sainz Gabriela , Moore Barbara , Crean Mags , Barrow Natalie , Sloan Seaneen , Symonds Jennifer , Ioannidou Olga 
Published: November 2024

AbstractThis phenomenological research draws upon Pinar's concept of currere to frame the lived experiences of Cian, a young boy in an economically disadvantaged primary school in Ireland. By adapting Pinar's 4‐stages of currere research (regressive, progressive, analytic and synthetic), we explore Cian's personal and academic lived experiences over a 2‐year period, and his growing feelings of academic disengagement. The paper portrays the complex interactions between Cian's personal and academic lived experiences and demonstrates how he simultaneously internalised and yet resisted his primary school experiences. Embedded within Cian's narrative are snapshots of teachers under pressure, struggling to support the individual learning needs of vulnerable children in line with standardised curricular demands, and the negative impact this can have upon learners like Cian. We argue that adapting Pinar's methodology to focus upon children's voices in education is valuable at a time of curriculum change within Irish primary education, challenging ‘efficiency‐based’ curriculum narratives and re‐centring children's well‐being and holistic development.
Prayer, Dreams, and Sex: A Showcase of an AI‐Augmented Distant Reading of 20 Thousand E‐Fatwas
Authors: Svensson Jonas 
Published: November 2024

AbstractThis article provides a methodologically oriented case study of the application of Large Language Models (LLMs) in Islamic studies. Its empirical focus is on 20 thousand e‐fatwas from the website askimam.org. The study demonstrates how LLMs, here represented by the open‐source tool BERTopic, can significantly augment a process of distant reading. The research focuses on a topic modelling revealing insights into recurring concerns evident from the questions posed by believers in fatwas. It also provides an example of further, post‐topic modelling and analysis focusing on thematic variations across questions from different geographical regions. The article argues for the potential of LLMs to reshape research methodologies, offering faster, more comprehensive, and nuanced analyses of large datasets.
Early Alarm on the First Occurrence of the Southern Giant Hornet Vespa soror du Buysson, 1905 (Vespidae) in Europe
Authors: Sánchez Omar , Castro Leopoldo , Fueyo Álvaro , Borrell Yaisel J. , Arias Andrés 
Published: November 2024

ABSTRACTAn eco‐monitoring program to assess the biodiversity of insects affected by yellow‐legged hornet (Vespa velutina) trapping in the north of the Iberian Peninsula (Spain) revealed the first occurrence of the southern giant hornet Vespa soror (Hymenoptera, Vespidae) on the European continent. We present a detailed characterization, combining morphological characteristics and molecular tools for genetic identification, as well as key information on its identification with respect to other hornets found on the Iberian Peninsula. We discuss the most plausible pathways and vectors of introduction, its potential invasiveness, and subsequent impacts on host localities. Our preliminary results raise concerns about the potential threat of V. soror to human health and ecosystem dynamics, as it is a highly predatory species on other insects and even small vertebrates. Finally, this study confirms once again the usefulness of studying insects trapped in such traps for rapid response and early detection of inland invasive species. We also propose a common Spanish name for the species, “avispón sóror”.
Pollen Interference Between Rare and Common Species
Authors: Malecore Eva M. , Fischer Markus 
Published: November 2024

ABSTRACTThe mechanisms underlying plant species distribution and abundance have been long studied in ecology. However, the role of heterospecific pollen interference in shaping these patterns needs more attention. Species distribution and abundance are important factors determining whether a species is endangered or not; thus, understanding the impact of heterospecific pollen interference on rare species could help to inform conservation strategies aimed at preserving plant communities. In this study, we conducted a multispecies experiment using eight co‐occurring and co‐flowering plant species with varying rarity levels in Switzerland. We performed cross‐pollinations by hand between nearly all species pairs and measured seed set (whether a flower produces seed) and seed number (number of seeds per flower) as outcomes. We looked at the effects of rarity status, self‐compatibility, and recipient‐donor relatedness on heterospecific pollen interference. Contrary to expectations, neither seed set nor seed number were affected by heterospecific pollen deposition. Self‐compatible species had a higher seed set probability, but this was independent from species rarity. In our study setting, heterospecific pollen interference seems to have only minor effects on seed set and seed number, and consequently on recruitment. Thus, heterospecific pollen interference seems to play only a minor role in shaping plant species distribution and abundance. Nevertheless, the higher impact of heterospecific pollen deposition on rare and closely related species, as well as the importance of conspecific pollen loss, might need further investigation for both in situ and ex‐situ conservation strategies.
Unraveling Community Potential Interactions by Environmental DNA in the Hong Kong Coastal Waters
Authors: Lee Sangwook Scott , Xu Zhimeng , Li Yingdong , Zhang Xiaodong , Cheng Jinping , Liu Hongbin 
Published: November 2024

ABSTRACTTraditional approaches for studying potential interactions in marine ecosystems often struggle to fully capture all taxa in a community, especially rare species. This issue is particularly challenging in coastal waters with high biodiversity and spatiotemporal dynamics. In this study, we employed environmental DNA (eDNA) metabarcoding, utilizing multiple marker genes, to comprehensively investigate interspecific interactions across various domains in the subtropical coastal waters of Hong Kong. The southern and eastern regions of Hong Kong waters exhibit distinct environmental seasonality, and our investigation focused on comparing the potential interaction networks and the keystone taxa between these two regions. The putative species interaction networks across various groups (i.e., bacteria, protists, and metazoans) were revealed by using weighted correlation network analysis (WGCNA). Our results showed that primary consumers, mainly dinoflagellates and ciliates, were the dominant actors within the interaction networks, although their distributions varied between the two regions. Bacterial taxa from the Pseudomonadota groups primarily constituted saprobes in the southern region, while exhibiting an even distribution in the eastern region. The interaction network in the southern region was larger but less stable compared to the eastern region. This could be attributed to the stronger responses of keystone taxa to environmental variations and the relatively higher number of connectors (e.g., Akashiwo and Protoperidinium within Dinophyceae) in the eastern region. Our findings highlight the versatility of eDNA metabarcoding for studying potential species interactions, providing critical insights into ecosystem structure and stability, and offering suggestions for marine biodiversity conservation.
Institutionalizing co‐production diplomacy in contexts of long‐term epistemological conflict: A case study of cod fisheries governance
Authors: Klenk Nicole , Pentz Brian , Mandrak Nicholas E. 
Published: November 2024

AbstractKnowledge co‐production is a collaborative approach to research that seeks to enable transformative societal change and improve outcomes in natural resource management and sustainable development. Instituting knowledge co‐production requires that researchers, decision‐makers, and stakeholders be willing to work together towards shared goals. In the context of fisheries management, co‐production represents a significant departure from the technocratic discourses and governance practices that have characterized decision‐making for decades. Moreover, some fisheries contexts have been plagued by persistent and seemingly intractable epistemological conflicts between stakeholders and decision‐makers. Such situations complicate the implementation of co‐production and raise questions about the extent to which researchers can achieve the aims of co‐production in situations of distrust, amenity, and entrenched positions. We use the case study of Northern Cod, a stock of Atlantic Cod (Gadus morhua) governance in Newfoundland and Labrador, Canada, a case of long‐standing conflict between the regulator, fishers, Indigenous peoples, and industry parties, to explore whether and how co‐production can enable collaborative research leading to “transformative societal change.” We find five factors complicating uptake of co‐production in the governance of Northern Cod: (i) competing perspectives exist regarding the relative worth of different types of knowledge; (ii) links between epistemic preferences and interests; (iii) barriers related to access and inclusion in governance spaces; (iv) barriers related to institutional design; and, (v) conflict‐ridden stakeholder relations. In a context of persistent epistemological conflict and distrust, we propose that knowledge co‐production focus on diplomacy through science with an aim to repair relationships rather than produce new knowledge that can serve as evidence in decision‐making as the primary goal of the co‐production process.
Invasive haemodynamic assessment in heart failure with preserved ejection fraction
Authors: Wattanachayakul Phuuwadith , Kittipibul Veraprapas , Salah Husam M. , Yaku Hidenori , Gustafsson Finn , Baratto Claudia , Caravita Sergio , Fudim Marat 
Published: November 2024

AbstractDespite the increasing prevalence and substantial burden of heart failure with preserved ejection fraction (HFpEF), which constitutes up to 50% of all heart failure cases, significant challenges persist in its diagnostic and therapeutic strategies. These difficulties arise primarily from the heterogeneous nature of the condition, the presence of various comorbidities and a wide range of phenotypic variations. Considering these challenges, current international guidelines endorse the utilization of invasive haemodynamic assessments, including resting and exercise haemodynamics, as the gold standard for enhancing diagnostic accuracy in cases where traditional diagnostic methods yield inconclusive results. These assessments are crucial not only for confirming the diagnosis but also for delineating the complex underlying pathophysiology, enabling the development of personalized treatment strategies, and facilitating the precise classification of HFpEF phenotypes. In this review, we summarize the haemodynamic changes observed in patients with HFpEF, comparing resting and exercise‐induced parameters to those of normal subjects. Additionally, we discuss the current role of invasive haemodynamics in HFpEF assessment and highlight its utility beyond diagnosis, such as identifying HFpEF comorbidities, guiding phenotype‐based personalized therapies and characterizing prognostication. Finally, we address the challenges associated with utilizing invasive haemodynamics and propose future directions, focusing on integrating these assessments into routine HFpEF care.
Structurally Innovative Benzimidazole‐fused Ionic Organoselenium Compounds: Prevalence of Se⋅⋅⋅N/Se Chalcogen Bonds with the Selenocyanate Receptor
Authors: Banerjee Kaustav , Sufian Abu , Bhabak Krishna P. 
Published: November 2024

AbstractThe non‐covalent interactions in molecules play important roles towards their applications in various aspects such as molecular recognition, catalysis, supramolecular chemistry, structural biology, pharmacology etc. Interestingly, among various non‐bonding interactions, chalcogen bonding (ChB) has been extensively studied in different facets of crystal engineering over the last several years. The present study demonstrates the presence of Se⋅⋅⋅N or Se⋅⋅⋅Se ChB in the benzimidazole‐fused cyclic selenazonium selenocyanates (6–8), cyclic selenazinium selenocyanates (9–10) and the acyclic benzimidazolium analogs having two different types of selenocyanate units (11–12). The final organoselenium compounds were synthesized from benzimidazole in several steps in reasonably good yields. The single‐crystal X‐ray structures of the compounds revealed that both the N atom and Se atom of the negatively charged SeCN unit act as ChB acceptors in building the Se⋅⋅⋅N or Se⋅⋅⋅Se ChB interactions along with the additional hydrogen bonding (HB) interactions. Moreover, the structural optimization and natural bond orbital (NBO) analyses were carried out using density functional theory (DFT) to calculate the natural charges on different Se centers and the strength of second‐order perturbation energy (E2) for the ChB interactions. Finally, surface electrostatic potential (SEP) of the compounds was developed to visualize the formation of σ‐holes.
The Cardiovascular Protective Function of Natural Compounds Through AMPK/SIRT1/PGC‐1α Signaling Pathway
Authors: Rahmani Sohrab , Roohbakhsh Ali , Pourbarkhordar Vahid , Karimi Gholamreza 
Published: November 2024

ABSTRACTCardiovascular disease (CVD) poses a major risk to human health and exert a heavy burden on individuals, society, and healthcare systems. Therefore, it is critical to identify CVD's underlying mechanism(s) and target them using effective agents. Natural compounds have shown promise as antioxidants with cardioprotective functions against CVD injuries due to their antioxidative solid capacity and high safety profile. Several CVDs, such as heart failure, ischemia/reperfusion, atherosclerosis, and cardiomyopathies, are closely linked to mitochondrial dysfunction. It is well established that activating the AMPK/SIRT1/PGC‐1α pathway during CVD promotes mitochondrial function. Therefore, targeting the AMPK/SIRT1/PGC‐1α pathway provides a foundation for novel therapeutic strategies to combat CVD. A key goal of our search was to find natural compounds that target this biological pathway and have beneficial effects on CVD.
Loneliness and Suicidality Among Older Korean Adults During the COVID‐19 Pandemic: The Mediating Role of Depressive Symptoms
Authors: Lyu Jiyoung 
Published: November 2024

ABSTRACTObjectivesDuring the COVID‐19 pandemic, the loneliness of older adults increased. Since loneliness and depressive symptoms may contribute to the development of suicidality, the pathways between loneliness, depressive symptoms, and suicidality should be examined more in depth. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to investigate the relationship between loneliness and suicidality among older Korean adults during the COVID‐19 pandemic, and to explore whether it is mediated by depressive symptoms.MethodsThe data used for this study was “2020 Chuncheon Elderly Life Survey,” and a total of 1200 adults aged 65 and over were included in the analysis. Suicidality was measured with the Depressive Symptom Inventory‐Suicidality Subscale (DSI‐SS). Loneliness was measured with the UCLA 3‐item Loneliness Scale, and depressive symptoms were measured with the Short form of Geriatric Depression Scale (SGDS). The mediating effect was tested using the PROCESS macro version 4.2 for SPSS.ResultsAdjusted for covariates, the indirect effect (path of loneliness to suicidality via depressive symptoms) was statistically significant, but the direct effect of loneliness on suicidality was not statistically significant.ConclusionThese findings suggest that loneliness is associated with depressive symptoms which in turn explain suicidality among older Korean adults during the COVID‐19 pandemic. Further research is required to understand the mechanisms underlying this.
Roles of probiotics against HPV through the gut‐vaginal axis
Authors: Xu Pei , Mageswaran Uma Mageswary , Nisaa Azka Ainun , Balasubramaniam Shandra Devi , Rajendran Deepa , Ismail Engku Husna Binti Engku , Kadir Muhammad Nashriq , Oon Chern‐Ein , Tan Cheng‐Siang , Sany Salina Binti , Liong Min Tze 
Published: November 2024

AbstractHuman papillomavirus (HPV) is a sexually transmitted virus, whose persistent infection is the main reason for invasive cervical cancer (ICC), which is the fourth most common type of cancer in women, with more than 500 000 new cases every year. After infection, various alterations occur in the host, facilitating the virus's evasion of immune system clearance and promoting its proliferation. Oral probiotic consumption can influence the whole body's immunity, inflammatory reflection, neural, endocrine humoral, metabolic pathways and other organs by adjusting the components of gut microbiota (GM). Some evidence shows there is a tight connection between GM and vaginal microbiota (VM), which is referred to as the gut‐vaginal axis. This review investigates the potential role of probiotics in clearing HPV via the gut‐vagina axis, emphasizing the effectiveness of Lactobacillus in preventing vaginal diseases and suggesting its potential for HPV clearance. Understanding the role of probiotics in the gut‐vagina axis could pave the way for new strategies to reduce and eliminate HPV and related diseases.
Is a rising cesarean delivery rate explained by late birth trend? A decomposition analysis of health insurance claims data (2013–2022) from South Korea
Authors: Kim Jin‐Hwan , Kim Saerom , Oh Jeong‐Won , Kim Myung‐Hee 
Published: November 2024

AbstractObjectiveTo analyze the factors influencing the increase in the cesarean delivery (CD) rate in South Korea and test the hypothesis on advanced maternal age driving the trend.MethodThe present study is a population‐based retrospective observational study utilizing administrative data from the Korean National Health Insurance Service. We analyzed a total 3 416 517 births from 2013 to 2022 covered by the national health insurance. The CD rate and contribution of demographic variables to changes in CD rates were calculated using Das Gupta's decomposition method.ResultsThe CD rate increased from 37.8% in 2013 to 61.6% in 2022. The decomposition analysis revealed that changes in maternal age structure contributed only 8.7% to the increase in the CD rate. When parity was added to maternal age, the explained proportion increased to 17.8%. When other factors were added to the model, such as multiple births, residential area, and income level, it did not contribute significantly to the increase in the CD rates, accounting for 19.0%, 18.6%, and 18.0%, respectively.ConclusionsAccording to our analysis, less than one‐fifth of the increase in CD rate was explained by the change in maternal age. The rising CD rate in Korea should not be considered an unavoidable consequence of demographic change. Much more diverse factors, including increased risk of medical lawsuits, changes in childbirth culture, and other health system determinants, may be driving the trend.
NIR‐II emissive biohybrid nanovesicles as mild‐temperature photothermal antibiofilm agents against acute bacterial skin and skin‐structure infections
Authors: Wang Ji , Wu Zhihao , Ma Xiaoxi , Huang Zhihui , Dong Haorong , Zhang Jinxin , Liu Xiaoming , Zhang Pengfei , Yao Shuhuai 
Published: November 2024

AbstractThe emergence of antibiotic‐resistant bacteria poses a significant challenge to the prompt and appropriate treatment of pathogenic bacteria infections, such as acute bacterial skin and skin‐structure infections (ABSSSI), especially in the presence of biofilms. Bacterial biofilms are naturally resistant to antibiotics and the human immune system, making biofilm‐based infections extremely difficult to treat. Therefore, developing new antibacterial therapies targeting biofilms is crucial. Aggregation‐induced emission luminogens with fluorescence in the second near‐infrared window (NIR‐II AIEgens), which can be activated by a near‐infrared laser to generate heat, offer an effective and precise photothermal therapy (PTT) approach for treating deep‐tissue bacterial infections. However, the presence of biofilms impedes the entry of photosensitizers into the infected area, requiring higher drug doses and increasing the risk of PTT. Herein, we developed a biocompatible AIEgen‐based biohybrid nano formulation that incorporates the BPBBT (NIR‐II AIEgen) and antibiofilm α‐amylase into a red blood cell (RBC) membrane‐derived nanovesicle carrier for a PTT/biofilm degradation combination therapy. The synergistic effect of this new formulation enhances both the photothermal capability of BPBBT and the biofilm degradation compared to traditional individual treatments. The new combination therapy demonstrated significant improvement in treating severe Staphylococcus aureus infections caused by biofilms in vitro and in vivo, presenting a promising alternative to traditional antibiotic therapy.
Using a standard television monitor as an alpha‐numeric display
Authors: GRAHAM STAN 
Published: November 2024

SUMMARYThe system described was not built for manufacturing purposes, but only as a study to demonstrate the feasibility of using various families of integrated circuits in a television‐type display system, and to gain some insight into the limitations of this type of system. With the advent of large scale arrays this type of system would be even more attractive for a low cost alpha‐numeric display.
“I still think that standard English is important”: Secondary ELA teachers' complex beliefs about foundational language for writing
Authors: Dobbs Christina L. , Leider Christine Montecillo 
Published: November 2024

AbstractFoundational skills are often viewed as necessary components for automaticity in reading and writing. In this study, we draw on teacher interviews to explore what secondary English/language arts teachers identify as necessary language for successful school writing. Findings suggest that teachers believe White mainstream English is a necessary component for academic success, although interviewees could not recall ever being explicitly taught this idea. Furthermore, teachers experience a tension between wanting to engage in culturally and linguistically responsive pedagogy and their (often unexamined) underlying beliefs about White mainstream English being part of foundational language. We discuss how teachers' understanding of language skills includes their beliefs about what is deemed “correct” and “appropriate” for school and discuss the hidden ways foundational skills reinforce White mainstream English‐centric ways of knowing. We offer recommendations for teachers to examine their own biases in foundational language for writing.
Health Implications of Depleted Uranium: An Update
Authors: Wang Hong , Li Liang , Fan Xiaolin , Zhang Yuhao , Lu Qing , Ma Ning , Yu Boya , Li Xiao , Gao Junhong 
Published: November 2024

ABSTRACTDepleted uranium (DU), as a heavy metal material extensively utilized in the industrial sector, poses potential health risks to humans through various exposure pathways, including inhalation, ingestion, and dermal contact. To comprehensively understand the toxicological hazards of DU, this study conducted a literature search in the Web of Science Core Collection database using “DU” and “toxicity” as keywords, covering the period from January 2000 to December 2023. A total of 65 papers related to human, animal, or cellular studies on DU were included. This review delves into the latest research advancements on the origin and toxicokinetics of DU, as well as its pulmonary toxicity, neurotoxicity, nephrotoxicity, immunotoxicity, hepatotoxicity, reproductive toxicity, cancer, bone toxicity, and hematological toxicity. The aim of this review is to gain a deeper understanding of the health hazards posed by DU, which is of significant importance for formulating corresponding protection strategies and measures.