bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Swelling degree prediction of polyhydroxybutyrate/chitosan matrices loaded with “Arnica‐do‐Brasil”
Authors: Silva Glauco Fonseca , da Silva Talita Goulart , Gobbi Vinícius Guedes , Portela Theresa Lomeu , Teixeira Bruna Nunes , dos Santos Mendonça Tiago , da Silva Moreira Thiré Rossana Mara , Oliveira Renata Nunes , Yaunner Ricardo Stutz , de Almeida Rodrigues Junior Jorge , Mendonça Roberta Helena 
Published: April 2019

ABSTRACTPolyhydroxybutyrate and chitosan have been studied as materials for drug delivery systems (DDSs) due to their biodegradability and biocompatibility. The aim of this work was to produce amphiphilic polyhydroxybutyrate/chitosan matrices that form porous structures (scaffolds) after swelling in water and arnica extract. The matrices were analyzed by TGA, SEM, XDR, DSC, and FTIR. Thin plate spline interpolation method (TPSIM) was used to predict the swelling of the matrices generating three‐dimensional data fitted, showing the influence of time and concentration variables on both fluids absorption. Polyhydroxybutyrate/chitosan samples containing 60 wt % (weight percent) of chitosan formed a porous structure as they were submitted to arnica loading, and the obtained device was able to deliver arnica in physiological medium. Thus, the produced matrices have a strong potential to perform both as scaffolds and DDS © 2019 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Appl. Polym. Sci. 2019, 136, 47838.
Approaches to the selection of a network of freshwater ecosystems within New Zealand for conservation
Authors: West David W. , Leathwick John R. , Dean‐Speirs Tracie L. 
Published: April 2019

Abstract

Although the freshwater environments of New Zealand once comprised an extensive interconnected network of rivers, lakes, and wetlands, their extent, condition, and connectivity have been reduced since human settlement, with consequent impacts on ecosystem functioning and the species that reside within them. An imbalance in the protection of freshwater ecosystems, with significant under‐representation of lowland freshwater ecosystems, makes these the most threatened ecosystems in New Zealand.
Recent policy initiatives are attempting to take a whole‐catchment view, i.e. ‘from the mountains to the sea’. There is also an increased focus on the restoration of vulnerable water bodies that still support moderate values, in preference to previous long‐term restoration programmes for the most degraded freshwater sites. The outcomes of these programmes have been less certain, with opportunities lost for systems that are declining in condition but have not yet reached the threshold of degradation for investment.
This work demonstrates the gains that can be made through the use of spatial conservation prioritization software to identify priority catchments for freshwater restoration, emphasizing the representation of a full range of ecosystems and species, while also taking account of longitudinal‐connectivity constraints within catchments.
Third‐order subcatchments were the most suitable scale for this prioritization, to capture the most important components within the largest river catchments. Populations of important native fish populations and the locations of major terrestrial conservation projects were also considered when assessing priorities; iteratively chosen weightings were applied to control the balance of representation across these different features.
Consideration was also given to existing patterns of protection, in order to assess the biodiversity representation within areas currently protected and to identify sites that would provide maximum additional benefits if restored or protected.
The resulting subcatchment prioritizations have contributed strongly to regional collaborative restoration processes.
Catalytic Reactivity of Molybdenum–Trihalide Complexes Bearing PCP‐Type Pincer Ligands
Authors: Eizawa Aya , Arashiba Kazuya , Egi Akihito , Tanaka Hiromasa , Nakajima Kazunari , Yoshizawa Kazunari , Nishibayashi Yoshiaki 
Published: April 2019

AbstractMolybdenum–iodide complexes bearing a PCP[1] ligand have been found to work as excellent catalysts toward ammonia formation under ambient reaction conditions among dinitrogen‐bridged dimolybdenum complexes and other molybdenum complexes bearing PNP and PCP[2] ligands.
Hydroalcoholic extract from Baccharis dracunculifolia recovers the gastric ulcerated tissue, and p‐coumaric acid is a pivotal bioactive compound to this action
Authors: Costa Philipe , Boeing Thaise , Somensi Lincon Bordignon , Cury Benhur Judah , Espíndola Vanessa Lopes , França Tauani Caroline Santos , de Almeida Marília Oliveira , Arruda Caroline , Bastos Jairo Kenupp , da Silva Luisa Mota , de Andrade Sérgio Faloni 
Published: April 2019

AbstractBaccharis dracunculifolia is a medicinal plant native to southeastern Brazil and is the main botanical source used by bees (Apis mellifera) in the manufacture of green propolis and display similar gastroprotective action and chemical profile. This article reports the healing gastric ulcer activity of the hydroethanolic extract of B. dracunculifolia (HEBD) in an acetic acid‐induced ulcer model. In addition to the extract, the isolated compounds ferulic acid, p‐coumaric acid, caffeic acid, baccharin, and aromadendrin‐4’‐O‐methyl ether were also assayed. HEBD at a dose of 300 mg/kg reduced the ulcerated area by 49.4% after treatment for 7 days, twice a day. Histological analyses revealed that the margins and base of the ulcer obtained significant regeneration, and periodic acid Schiff base staining showed a 78.2% increase in the mucin levels. The action on the enzymatic antioxidant system demonstrated an increased activity of superoxide dismutase and glutathione‐S‐transferase, in addition to raising glutathione reduced levels and myeloperoxidase activity. HEBD did not show cytotoxicity in the 3‐(4,5‐dimethylthiazol‐2‐yl)‐2,5‐diphenylterazole bromine test. In vitro, HEBD inhibited the H+/K+‐ATPase enzyme and showed antioxidant activity in the 2,2 diphenyl‐1‐picryllydrazyl test. Regarding the isolated compounds, oral administration of p‐coumaric acid (15 mg/kg) reduced the ulcerated area by 66.2%. The results suggest that HEBD recovers the gastric ulcerated tissue, raising mucus and antioxidant enzyme levels, and reducing the H+/K+‐ATPase activity. In addition, the findings confirm that p‐coumaric acid is a pivotal bioactive compound on the gastric healing effects elicited by HEBD. © 2019 BioFactors, 45(3):479–489, 2019
Meta-analysis of the outcomes of treatment of internal carotid artery near occlusion
Authors: Meershoek A J A , Vries E E , Veen D , Ruijter H M , Borst G J , Garcia-Pastor A , Gonzalez A , Johansson E , Matsuda Y , Ogata T , Oka F , Pulli R , Sakamoto S , Tanaskovic S , Radak D , Son S 
Published: April 2019

Abstract

Background
Guidelines recommend treating patients with an internal carotid artery near occlusion (ICANO) with best medical therapy (BMT) based on weak evidence. Consequently, patients with ICANO were excluded from randomized trials. The aim of this individual-patient data (IPD) meta-analysis was to determine the optimal treatment approach.

Methods
A systematic search was performed in MEDLINE, EMBASE and the Cochrane Library databases in January 2018. The primary outcome was the occurrence of any stroke or death within the first 30 days of treatment, analysed by multivariable mixed-effect logistic regression. The secondary outcome was the occurrence of any stroke or death beyond 30 days up to 1 year after treatment, evaluated by Kaplan–Meier survival analysis.

Results
The search yielded 1526 articles, of which 61 were retrieved for full-text review. Some 32 studies met the inclusion criteria and pooled IPD were available from 11 studies, including some 703 patients with ICANO. Within 30 days, any stroke or death was reported in six patients (1·8 per cent) in the carotid endarterectomy (CEA) group, five (2·2 per cent) in the carotid artery stenting (CAS) group and seven (4·9 per cent) in the BMT group. This resulted in a higher 30-day stroke or death rate after BMT than after CEA (odds ratio 5·63, 95 per cent c.i. 1·30 to 24·45; P = 0·021). No differences were found between CEA and CAS. The 1-year any stroke- or death-free survival rate was 96·1 per cent for CEA, 94·4 per cent for CAS and 81·2 per cent for BMT.

Conclusion
These data suggest that BMT alone is not superior to CEA or CAS with respect to 30-day or 1-year stroke or death prevention in patients with ICANO. These patients do not appear to constitute a high-risk group for surgery, and consideration should made to including them in future RCTs of internal carotid artery interventions.
Association between debulking area of rotational atherectomy and platform revolution speed—Frequency domain optical coherence tomography analysis
Authors: Mizutani Kazuki , Hara Masahiko , Nakao Kazuhiro , Yamaguchi Tomohiro , Okai Tsukasa , Nomoto Yohta , Kajio Keiko , Kaneno Yasuyuki , Yamazaki Takanori , Ehara Shoichi , Kamimori Kimio , Izumiya Yasuhiro , Yoshiyama Minoru 
Published: April 2019

AbstractObjectivesIn this study, we sought to investigate the association between revolution speed of rotational atherectomy (RA) and debulking area assessed by frequency domain‐optical coherence tomography (FD‐OCT).BackgroundThe number of patients with severe calcified coronary artery disease requiring treatment with calcium ablation, such as RA, is increasing. However, there is little evidence available regarding the association between debulking area and revolution speed during RA.MethodsWe retrospectively investigated 30 consecutive severely calcified coronary lesions in 29 patients who underwent RA under FD‐OCT guidance. The association between preset revolution speed of RA and burr size‐corrected debulking area of the calcified lesion was evaluated using a multivariable regression model with nonlinear restricted‐cubic‐spline, which can help assess nonlinear associations between variables.ResultsThe median age of study participants was 73 years (quartile 65–78); 82.8% were male. The median burr size was 1.5 mm (1.5–1.75); median total duration of ablation was 120 s (100–180). FD‐OCT revealed that the post‐procedural minimum lumen area increased significantly from 1.64 mm2 (1.40–2.09) to 2.45 mm2 (2.11–2.98) (p < .001). In addition, the burr size‐corrected debulking area increased significantly as the preset revolution speed decreased (p = .018), especially when the revolution speed was less than 150,000 rpm. This result implies that additional lumen gain will be obtained by decreasing rpm when the burr speed is set at <150,000 rpm.ConclusionsFD‐OCT demonstrated that RA with lower revolution speed, below 150,000 rpm, has the potential to achieve greater calcium debulking effect in patients with severe calcified coronary lesions.
Remaining challenges in the diagnosis of early stage cardiac sarcoidosis
Authors: Tsushima Takahiro , Sasaki Shunsuke , Yuda Satoshi , Ohta Masayuki , Cammack Ivor , Sato Hiroyuki , Hayashi Kentaro , Hirokami Mitsugu 
Published: April 2019

Key Clinical MessageDespite the requirement for histopathological evidence to make a definite diagnosis of cardiac sarcoidosis, the sensitivity of endomyocardial biopsy is still low. Recently, Japanese Circulation Society suggests a new strategy that patients diagnosed clinically do not require the endomyocardial biopsy evidence. Physicians should familiarize themselves with such paradigm shifts.
Visible‐Light‐Driven Photocatalytic Hydrogenation of Olefins Using Water as the H Source
Authors: Fan Xin , Yao Yanling , Xu Yangsen , Yu Lei , Qiu Chuntian 
Published: April 2019

AbstractIn this work, a highly efficient PCN‐KCl (KCl‐modified polymeric carbon nitride) nanosheet photocatalyst was synthesized with the assistance of KCl. The as‐prepared PCN‐KCl catalyst shows a more than 30‐fold enhancement in the photocatalytic activity for H2 evolution from water compared to the pristine PCN. More importantly, when PCN‐KCl was composited with a second catalyst (Pd nanoparticles), the simultaneous production and utilization of active H species for alkenes hydrogenation was achieved by visible light irradiation under ambient conditions.
Effect of Facet‐Selective Assembly of Cocatalyst on BiVO4 Photoanode for Solar Water Oxidation
Authors: Li Deng , Chen Ruotian , Wang Pengpeng , Li Zhen , Zhu Jian , Fan Fengtao , Shi Jingying , Li Can 
Published: April 2019

AbstractRational assembly of cocatalysts on crystal‐based photocatalysts with anisotropic facets, namely the reduction cocatalyst on the reduction facets and oxidation cocatalyst on the oxidation facets, can enhance the photocatalytic activity remarkably. However, this strategy of selective loading of cocatalysts on crystal‐facet engineered photoelectrodes is rarely discussed in photoelectrocatalysis (PEC). Herein, we fabricated BiVO4 microcrystal photoanodes with simultaneous exposure of oxidation {110} and reduction {010} facets to study the effect of facet‐selective assembly of cocatalysts on the activity of PEC water oxidation. By elaborative photodeposition, identical cocatalysts of MnOx were selectively loaded on the reduction, the oxidation and all the facets of BiVO4 photoanodes (respectively designated as R‐BVO, O‐BVO and O/R‐BVO). We found that MnOx facilitates the charge separation in BiVO4 more significantly on the oxidation facets than on the reduction ones, contributing to the net increase in photocurrent of O‐BVO being as 5.2 and 2.2 times that of R‐BVO and O/R‐BVO, respectively. Surface photovoltage analysis reveals that the interaction between the inherent built‐in electric field in BiVO4 crystals and the additive electric filed induced by the MnOx was account for the difference. Our work emphasizes the effect of facet‐selective assembly of cocatalyst in PEC systems, which may guide the rational design of highly efficient photoelectrodes for solar energy conversion.
Construction of Supramolecular Nanostructures with High Catalytic Activity by Photoinduced Hierarchical Co‐Assembly
Authors: Yang Xuejiao , Wang Yuefei , Qi Wei , Yang Bohao , Liu Xiao , Zhang Lei , Liu Jiangyue , Su Rongxin , He Zhimin 
Published: April 2019

AbstractInspired by natural enzymes, hierarchical catalytic supramolecular nanostructures were developed by the co‐assembly of hemin and glucose oxidase (or Au NPs) with the photosensitive ferrocene–tyrosine (Fc‐Y) molecule. Illuminated by white light, the Fc‐Y molecules are polymerized and co‐assemble with hemin into truncated polyhedrons. The Au NPs grew in situ at the surface of the co‐assembled polyhedrons, achieving ordered supramolecular nanostructures. Because the Au NPs can serve as an artificial glucose oxidase and the hemin could act as a peroxidase mimic, the supramolecular hybrid nanostructures were used to mimic natural enzymes and catalyze the glucose conversion cascade reaction. The hybrid Au NPs@Fc‐Y&hemin polyhedrons showed superior catalytic activity, good reusability, and maintained the catalytic activity over a wide temperature and pH range. The study demonstrates a feasible strategy to construct hierarchical co‐assembled supramolecular nanostructures as multi‐enzyme mimics, with potential applications in biocatalysis and biosensing.
Importing Tin Nanoparticles into Biomass‐Derived Silicon Oxycarbides with High‐Rate Cycling Capability Based on Supercritical Fluid Technology
Authors: Shi Cheng , Huang Hui , Xia Yang , Yu Jiage , Fang Ruyi , Liang Chu , Zhang Jun , Gan Yongping , Zhang Wenkui 
Published: April 2019

AbstractSilicon oxycarbides (SiOC) are regarded as potential anode materials for lithium‐ion batteries, although inferior cycling stability and rate performance greatly limit their practical applications. Herein, amorphous SiOC is synthesized from Chlorella by means of a biotemplate method based on supercritical fluid technology. On this basis, tin particles with sizes of several nanometers are introduced into the SiOC matrix through the biosorption feature of Chlorella. As lithium‐ion battery anodes, SiOC and Sn@SiOC can deliver reversible capacities of 440 and 502 mAh g−1 after 300 cycles at 100 mA g−1 with great cycling stability. Furthermore, as‐synthesized Sn@SiOC presents an excellent high‐rate cycling capability, which exhibits a reversible capacity of 209 mAh g−1 after 800 cycles at 5000 mA g−1; this is 1.6 times higher than that of SiOC. Such a novel approach has significance for the preparation of high‐performance SiOC‐based anodes.
Pd/C as Heterogeneous Catalyst for the Direct Arylation of (Poly)fluorobenzenes
Authors: Mao Shuxin , Shi Xinzhe , Soulé Jean‐François , Doucet Henri 
Published: April 2019

AbstractThe potential of the heterogeneous catalyst 10 % Pd/C in the direct arylation of (poly)fluorobenzene derivatives with aryl bromides has been investigated. In general, high yields of biaryl derivatives were obtained by using tri‐, tetra‐, and pentafluorobenzenes, whereas mono‐ and difluorobenzenes exhibited poor reactivity. The regioselectivities of the arylation reactions were similar to those observed with homogeneous palladium catalysts. Both electron‐withdrawing and ‐donating substituents, such as nitrile, nitro, acetyl, ester, trifluoromethyl, tert‐butyl, methoxy, or methyl, on the aryl bromide were tolerated. Unexpectedly, tetrafluoro‐substituted [1,1′‐biphenyl]‐4‐ols were obtained from pentafluorobenzene at 150 °C due to a formal regioselective hydroxylation, whereas at lower temperatures the expected pentafluorobiphenyls were obtained. However, no C−F bond cleavage was observed with the other polyfluorobenzene derivatives. These arylation reactions were carried out with only 1 mol % Pd/C as the catalyst and KOAc as an inexpensive base. Therefore, this protocol represents a very attractive access to (poly)fluoro‐substituted biphenyls in terms of cost, simplicity, and sustainable chemistry because the Pd/C catalyst can be easily removed at the end of the reaction, there is no contamination with phosphine ligand residues, and the major side‐product of the reaction is KOAc⋅HBr.
Metal–Organic Coordination Strategy for Obtaining Metal‐Decorated Mo‐Based Complexes: Multi‐dimensional Structural Evolution and High‐Rate Lithium‐Ion Battery Applications
Authors: Zhang Jiao , Zhou Lin , Sun Qujiang , Ming Hai , Sun Lianshan , Wang Chunli , Wu Yingqiang , Guan Kai , Wang Limin , Ming Jun 
Published: April 2019

AbstractMulti‐dimensional metal oxides have attracted great attention in diverse applications due to their intriguing performances. However, their structural design remains challenging, particularly that based on organic chelation chemistry. Although metal–organic complexes with different architectures have been reported, their structure formation mechanisms are not well understood because of the complex chelation processes. Herein, we introduce a new metal–organic coordination strategy to construct metal‐decorated (Ni, Co, Mn) Mo‐based complexes ranging from 2D nanopetals to 3D microflowers. The chelating process of the metal–organic complex can be tuned by a surfactant, giving rise to different structures, and then a further metal can be appended. Thus, different metal (oxide)‐decorated MoO2/C‐N structures were designed, enabling an extremely high lithium storage capability of 1018 mA h g−1 and rate capacities of up to 10 A g−1 over 1000 cycles. Relationships between electrochemical behavior and structure have been analyzed kinetically. A high‐rate lithium‐ion battery has been assembled from Ni‐MoO2/C‐N and an Ni‐rich layered oxide as the anode and cathode, respectively. We believe that this general metal–organic coordination strategy should be applicable to other multi‐functional materials with superior capabilities.
Palladium‐Catalyzed Selective meta‐C−H Deuteration of Arenes: Reaction Design and Applications
Authors: Bag Sukdev , Petzold Martin , Sur Aishanee , Bhowmick Suman , Werz Daniel B. , Maiti Debabrata 
Published: April 2019

AbstractDeuterium‐labeled compounds find wide applications in kinetic studies, and within the pharmaceutical industry. An easily removable pyrimidine‐based auxiliary has been employed for the meta‐C−H deuteration of arenes. The scope of this Pd‐catalyzed deuteration using commercially available [D1]‐ and [D4]‐acetic acid has been demonstrated by its application in phenylacetic acid and phenylmethanesulfonate derivatives. A detailed mechanistic study led us to explore the reversibility of the non‐rate determining C−H activation step. The present study of meta‐deuterium incorporation illustrates the template morphology in terms of selectivity. The applicability of this method has been demonstrated by the selective deuterium incorporation into various pharmaceuticals.
Stereoselective Synthesis of (Z)‐β‐Enamido Triflates and Fluorosulfonates from N‐Fluoroalkylated Triazoles
Authors: Markos Athanasios , Voltrová Svatava , Motornov Vladimir , Tichý David , Klepetářová Blanka , Beier Petr 
Published: April 2019

AbstractN‐Fluoroalkylated 1,2,3‐triazoles in the presence of triflic acid or fluorosulfonic acid underwent a cascade reaction consisting of triazole protonation, ring opening, nitrogen elimination, sulfonate addition, HF elimination, and hydrolysis to furnish novel trifluoromethanesulfonyloxy‐ or fluorosulfonyloxy‐substituted enamides, respectively, in a highly stereoselective fashion. The vinyl triflates underwent cross‐coupling reactions to a variety of substituted enamides and serve as sources of the aminovinyl cations. In reactions with triflic acid, electron‐rich triazoles afforded 2‐fluoroalkylated oxazoles.
Systematic Study of Ti‐Distribution in Titanosilicate *BEA Zeolites via Symmetry‐Adapted Enumeration
Authors: Li Lin , Wang Jiaze , Li Yi , Yu Jihong 
Published: April 2019

Summary of main observation and conclusionThe high performance of titanosilicate zeolites in various industrial oxidation reactions is highly affected by the distribution of Ti atoms in their frameworks. Because of their structural complexity, previous theoretical studies mainly focus on the preferential location of single Ti atoms within the unit cells of titanosilicate zeolites. When multiple Ti atoms are required, conventional approaches consider only symmetrically related T sites to reduce the computation complexity. Such symmetry‐constrained approaches obviously overlooked many possible configurations. Herein, we conduct a systematic study on the distribution of two Ti atoms in the unit cell of titanosilicate zeolite *BEA. Different from conventional symmetry‐constrained approaches, we introduce two Ti atoms simultaneously without any constraint and adopt a symmetry‐adapted algorithm to enumerate all possible configurations for double‐Ti introduction. We generate a total of 273 distinct configurations and analyze the Ti‐distribution via Boltzmann statistics. We find that many of the configurations overlooked by conventional symmetry‐constrained approaches indeed exhibit more feasible energies, which may lead to different Ti‐distributions. Our study indicates the necessity of unconstrained introduction of Ti atoms when multiple‐Ti atoms are considered for calculations.