bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
PENGEMBANGAN MEDIA POP UP SEBAGAI UPAYA MELESTARIKAN WAYANG KLITIK
Authors: Wahono Tri Budi , Saputra Henry , Huda Choirul 
Published: May 2019

<p>Tujuan Penelitian ini bertujuan mengembangan media pop up sebagai upaya melestarikan wayang klitik melalui pembelajaran IPS di SD Kelas IV. Penelitian dilakukan menggunakan metode penelitian dan pengembangan Borg &amp; Gall dengan 5 tahapan yaitu (1) penelitian dan pengumpulan data, (2) perencanaan, (3) pengembangan draf produk, (4) uji coba lapangan awal, (5) merevisi hasil uji coba. Penelitian dan pengumpulan data dilakukan di tiga SD di Kecamatan Undaan, Kabupaten Kudus. Pada tahap uji coba lapangan awal dilakukan di satu SD yaitu SDN 1 Wonosoco Kecamatan Undaan Kabupaten Kudus. Kesimpulan dari hasil penelitian ini yaitu (1) belum ada inisiatif dari guru untuk mengaitkan materi wayang klitik dalam proses pembelajaran dan guru tidak selalu menggunakan media pembelajaran, (2) racangan model produk divalidasi oleh validator materi dan validator media, (3) setelah dilakukan uji coba lapangan awal didapat bahwa media diterima siswa dan layak digunakan dalam pembelajaran. </p><p><strong>Kata Kunci:</strong> Pengembangan, Pop Up, Wayang Klitik </p>
IMPLEMENTASI PENDEKATAN SAINTIFIK BERORIENTASI PROBLEM BASED LEARNING PADA MATERI POKOK FLUIDA STATIS UNTUK MENINGKATKAN HASIL BELAJAR DAN AKTIFITAS BELAJAR FISIKA SISWA KELAS X-MIA2 SMA NEGERI 1 SOE
Authors: Amsikan Adrianus 
Published: May 2019

<p>Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui keefektifan penera¬pan pendekatan scientific problem based oriented untuk meningkatkan prestasi belajar siswa kelas 10 jurusan Sains (10 MIA 2) SMA Negeri 1 Soe khususnya dalam pembelajaran Staitic Fluida. Untuk mencapai tujuan dari penelitian ini, penelitian tindakan kelas dilakukan dengan subyek adalah 32 siswa. Hasilnya menunjukkan bahwa; 1) dalam melakukan siklus kebakaran, skor rata-rata siswa adalah 70,35 atau sama dengan 2, 81 atau 59, 38% dari prestasi belajar siswa Pada siklus kedua, skor rata-rata yang diperoleh adalah 84, 99 atau sama dengan 3, 40 atau 90, 63% dari prestasi belajar siswa. Aktivitas belajar siswa pada siklus satu menunjukkan bahwa ada 37, 00 dan pada siklus dua adalah 40, 00 atau ada 8, 11% peningkatan kegiatan belajar siswa. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian, dapat disimpulkan bahwa penerapan pendekatan saintifik melalui pembelajaran berbasis masalah pada kelas 10 Sains 2 (10 Mia 2) dapat meningkatkan nilai belajar siswa dan aktivitas belajar dalam kaitannya dengan Pelajaran Statis Fluida pada mata pelajaran Fisika. di tahun akademik 2014/2015.. </p><p><strong>Kata Kunci:</strong> Pendekatan Ilmiah, Hasil Belajar, Kegiatan Belajar, Pembelajaran Ber- basis Masalah.</p>
Piloting a problem solving module for undergraduate mathematics students
Authors: McConnell David 
Published: May 2019

We report on a new problem solving module for second-year undergraduate mathematics students first piloted during the 2016-17 academic year at Cardiff University. This module was introduced in response to the concern that for many students, traditional teaching and assessment practices do not offer sufficient opportunities for developing problem-solving and mathematical thinking skills, and more generally, to address the recognised need to incorporate transferrable skills into our undergraduate programmes. We discuss the pedagogic and practical considerations involved in the design and delivery of this module, and in particular, the question of how to construct open-ended problems and assessment activities that promote mathematical thinking, and reward genuinely original and independent mathematical work.
MRI and MRV features of a patient with Heat Stroke: a case report
Authors: Cao Lizhi , Wang Juan , Gao Yaxuan , Liang Yumei , Yan Jinhua , Zhang Yunhai , Zhu Mingqin , Chen Jiafeng 
Published: May 2019

Abstract
Background

Heat stroke (HS) is a critical illness that can cause multiple organ dysfunction including damage to the central nervous system (CNS), which can be life-threatening in severe cases. The brain image lesions of HS patient with CNS damage has been rarely reported before and usually variable in different cases, causing confusing to doctors when encounter these patients in the clinic. Cerebral venous thrombosis (CVT) is a rare cause of stroke that mostly affects young people and children. The pathogenesis of brain damage caused by HS is complex, CVT may be involved in the pathogenesis of HS with CNS damage. In this manuscript, we report a case of HS with CVT with symmetrical lesions in the bilateral putamen,posterior limb of internal capsule,external capsule, insula lobe, and subcortical white matter inside the brain.

Case presentation

We introduced a 48-year-old man who suffered from HS in the hot summer. At the time of admission, he showed high body temperature, coma and shock. Later, he had laboratory evidence of rhabdomyolysis syndrome, acute kidney and liver damage, electrolyte imbalance, acid-base balance disorders, and high D-dimer levels. After several days of anti-shock treatment, his level of consciousness has improved but his vision has declined. The cerebral magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) showed symmetrical lesions of the bilateral posterior limb of internal capsule,putamen,external capsule and insula, and subcortical white matter, and cerebral magnetic resonance venography (MRV) showed the formation of deep cerebral venous thrombosis (DCVT). Therefore, the anti-coagulation treatment was given to patient. After timely clinical intervention, the symptom of the patient was gradually improved.

Conclusions

The case shows that HS can cause CVT. Therefore, we believe that when we need to identify the cerebral MRI findings of HS, early MRV can greatly help the diagnosis of the disease, and can effectively improve the prognosis.
PATHOLOGIC PHYSIOLOGY OF EXACERBATIONS OF CHRONIC OBSTRUCTIVE PULMONARY DISEASE
Authors: Avdeev S. N. 
Published: May 2019

The lecture describes the mechanisms of deterioration of respiratory exchange during exacerbation of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). It has been demonstrated that the rapid diagnosis and treatment of exacerbations is an important part of COPD management. The restriction of expiratory airflow followed by the increased dynamic pulmonary hyperinflation seems to be the most important pathophysiological mechanism in COPD exacerbation, which has catastrophic consequences for the respiratory system with respect to respiratory mechanics and gas exchange. In some patients, associated disorders of cardiopulmonary interactions also undoubtedly play an important role.
The influence of external conditions on runoff quality control of grass swale in Beijing and Shenzhen, China
Authors: Gong Yongwei , Yin Dingkun , Liu Chao , Li Junqi , Shi Honghong , Fang Xing 
Published: May 2019

Abstract
This study focused on the effects of external conditions on the performance of grass swales installed to improve stormwater runoff quality. Four grass swales in Beijing and Shenzhen with different underlying surface characteristics, antecedent dry weather period (ADWP), transport within the grass swales, and rainfall characteristics, were compared during 16 rainfall events in Beijing and six in Shenzhen, and were evaluated over two years. The results revealed that the impervious fraction of the catchment's surface below the swales influenced inlet pollutant concentrations, resulting in variations in their efficiency. ADWP, transport within the swales, and rainfall characteristics all had important effects on their efficiency in removing pollutants. With high pollution loads, long ADWP, and concentrated influent, the swales reduced pollutant concentrations significantly, particularly suspended solids.
Novel automated microbiological analysis in meeting Philippine drinking water standards
Authors: Bagsik Christine T. , Reyes G. C. P. , Sulibit K. E. 
Published: May 2019

Abstract
The Philippines water industry is highly regulated, with monthly water quality reports required. For microbiological failures, retesting is required immediately to ensure continuous supply of potable water. Report data are generated using classical standard analytical methods, with incubation periods of 18 to 24 hours for the presumptive phase and up to an additional 48 hours for confirmation of contamination. The methods used must be accepted by the Philippine regulating bodies. Recently, instrumented microbiological techniques have been approved by the Philippine Department of Health. However, they are not yet being used. This paper presents the challenges and triumphs encountered in registering a new analytical method in the Philippines, and difficulties in changing methods. The capabilities and opportunities presented by the new system – e.g., rapid failure detection, cost effectiveness, and applications to complement relief efforts in providing emergency water supplies – are also illustrated.
Evaluation of Knowledge, Attitudes and Oral Health-related Nutritional Performance of Diabetic Patients Referred to the Diabetes Research Center in Isfahan-Iran, 2016
Authors: Khozeimeh Faezeh , Tahani Bahareh , Saberi Zahra , Gholi Atiyeh 
Published: May 2019

Background:
Type II diabetes is a chronic disease, with an ever-increasing incidence, concomitant with an increase in the number of the elderly. It is one of the conditions that can affect the orodental health. In general, the diabetes-related oral problems include dental caries, xerostomia, oral candidiasis, periodontal diseases and consumption of inappropriate foodstuff.

Objective:
The aim of this study was to evaluate knowledge, attitudes and oral health-related nutritional performance of diabetic patients referred to the diabetes center research in Isfahan-Iran, 2016.

Methods:
In the present cross-sectional study, 362 diabetic subjects (142 females and 220 males) referred to the Research Center for Endocrine Glands and Metabolism in Isfahan, were evaluated after being selected by simple random sampling technique. The frequency distribution of demographic data (gender, marital status, occupation, affliction with orodental diseases, disease history, and use of medications and supplements) were evaluated. The relationships of the variables above and the knowledge, attitude and performance scores of the subjects were evaluated. Data were analyzed with independent t-test, Pearson’s correlation coefficient and Spearmen’s correlation coefficient.

Results:
There were no significant relationships between orodental diseases and the mean scores of knowledge, attitudes and performance of the subjects. The mean scores of knowledge, attitudes and performance of the subjects were 33.8 ± 11.2, 53.311.01 and 53.7 ± 6.9 out of 100, respectively.

Conclusion:
The oral-health related nutritional knowledge of diabetic subjects was poor. Programs should be prepared to improve the knowledge and oral health-related nutritional performance of diabetic patients.
Assessment of Vitamin D Status Among Cases with Pityriasis Alba
Authors: Kattoof Wisam Majeed , Kawen Ahmed Abdulhussein 
Published: May 2019

Background:
Pityriasis alba, is a common benign skin disease occurring predominantly among children, often on their face. Clinically, the spots of pityriasis alba are off-white in color, round with poorly defined margins that bear scanty fine scales on it. No specific cause of pityriasis alba has been identified . In this disease, the number of melanocytes declines and melanosomes reduce within melanocytes. Vitamin D exerts its effect via the vitamin D receptor on melanocytes, if intracellular Ca2+ level decreases, this leads to high levels of reduced thioredoxin this, in turn, inhibit tyrosinase activity with the inhibition of melanin synthesis. In addition, the apoptotic activity of melanocytes reduces by the active form of vitamin D.

Aim:
The study aimed to assess the status of vitamin D for patients with pityriasis alba.

Materials and Methods:
44 patient diagnosed with pityriasis alba were enrolled and the second group of 44 controls was involved in our study. Serum levels of circulating 25 (OH) D were measured.

Results:
None of the cases had sufficient serum level; the level ranged between 8.1-27.3 ng/ml. The patients had lower circulating vitamin D levels than controls.

Conclusion:
Our findings in the present study are significant, but further studies with large samples are needed to correlate the extent and severity of pityriasis alba with vitamin D deficiency.
Impact of Self-monitoring of Blood Glucose on Glycaemic Control in Type 2 Diabetic Nigerians who Reside in Lagos
Authors: Adeleye Olufunmilayo , Ogbera Anthonia , Ugwu Ejiofor , Brodie-Mends Ayodeji 
Published: May 2019

Background:
Self-Monitoring of Blood Glucose (SMBG) is a vital constituent of diabetes care. The aim of this study was to document the practice, determinants and effects of SMBG in our setting.

Methods:
A cross-sectional study was carried out on 249 adult type 2 diabetic subjects who attended the diabetes clinic of the Lagos State University Teaching Hospital Ikeja. The statistical analysis was done with independent t-test and logistic regression. A P-value of less than 0.05 was taken as significant.

Results:
The age of the study subjects ranged from 28 years to 87 years. The mean + S.D age is 62 + 11 years. The mean + S.D BMI of the study subjects is 27.79 + 4.73 Kgm2. 159 (64%) of the patients practised SMBG while 90 (36%) patients did not. Twenty-two (14%) of the patients have been practising SMBG for less than 12 months, 71 (46%) patients for 12 - 36 months, while 60 (39%) of them for more than 36 months. 36 (23%) of the patients did SMBG daily, 58 (37%) patients twice weekly, 48 (30%) patients weekly, 11 (7%) patients monthly, 5 (3%) patients did it for unspecified time period while 1 (1%) patient was unable to report the time period. SMBG practice was associated with better short term glycemic control P= < 0.001, OR= 0.399 and 95% CI 0.229-0.693. Predictors of SMBG were male sex, higher socioeconomic status and insulin therapy. More male patients (72.7%) practice SMBG compared to female patients (59.9%) p-value 0.051. The detection of chronic complications of DM was comparable between those who practice SMBG and those who do not.

Conclusion:
SMBG practice is significantly associated with better short term glycaemic control.
ESTIMATION OF AMLODIPINE BESYLATE AND IRBESARTAN IN PHARMACEUTICAL FORMULATION BY RP-HPLC WITH FORCED DEGRADATION STUDIES
Authors: Kumar T Hemant , ASHA CH. , SANKAR D. GOWRI 
Published: May 2019

Objective: To develop and validate a simple, specific, accurate, precise and sensitive reverse phase high performance liquid chromatographic (RP-HPLC) method with forced degradation studies for the simultaneous estimation of amlodipine besylate and irbesartan in the pharmaceutical formulation.
Methods: The chromatographic separation of the two drugs were achieved using Enable C 18G column (250 ×4.6 mm; 5 µm) in isocratic mode with mobile phase consisting of sodium acetate buffer (pH 4.0) and acetonitrile (30:70, % v/v) with a flow rate of 0.6 ml/min. Ultraviolet(UV) detection was carried out at 238 nm. The proposed method was validated for linearity, range, accuracy, precision, robustness, limit of detection (LOD) and limit of quantification (LOQ). The tablet formulation was subjected to stress conditions of degradation including acidic, alkaline, oxidative, thermal and photolysis.
Results: The retention time for amlodipine besylate and irbesartan were found to be 5.512 and 6.321 min respectively. Linearity was observed over a concentration range 4-32 µg/ml for amlodipine besylate (r2 =0.9999) and 10-70 µg/ml for Irbesartan (r2 =0.9998). The % relative standard deviation (RSD) for Intraday and Interday precision was found to be 0.436 and 0.699 for amlodipine besylate and 0.435 and 0.30 for irbesartan. Amlodipine besylate shown stability towards acidic and thermal whereas in basic, oxidative and photolytic it shown less stability in which it degraded to more extent. Irbesartan shown stability towards thermal conditions whereas in remaining conditions it degrades to more extent especially in oxidative conditions.
Conclusion: The developed reverse phase high performance liquid chromatographic (RP-HPLC) method was also found to be simple, precise and sensitive for the simultaneous determination of amlodipine besylate and irbesartan in the tablet dosage form.
DESIGN AND EVALUATION OF GUANFACINE EXTENDED RELEASE FORMULATION
Authors: DESAI SANJEEVANI , BHAGWAT DURGACHARAN , SHINDE SUNITA , DISOUZA JOHN 
Published: May 2019

Objective: The present study was aimed to develop of the Guanfacine Hydrochloride Extended-release tablets for the treatment of Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD). The dosage regimen of Guanfacine Hydrochloride is 4 mg at every 6 h. The concentration of Guanfacine in plasma is fluctuating. Hence, to control the plasma fluctuation and to avoid toxicity problem, Guanfacine Hydrochloride was chosen as a drug with an aim to develop an extended release system for 20 to 24 h.
Methods: The design of the system was based on the use of pH-dependent polymer (Hydroxypropyl Methyl Cellulose), pH-independent polymer (Eudragit L 100-55), along with microenvironment modifiers such as organic acid (Fumaric acid) were used in the formulation. Drug-excipient compatibility was studied by FTIR. Before compression, the granules were evaluated for precompression parameters such as bulk density, tapped density, an angle of repose, compressibility index and Hausner’s ratio. After compression, evaluation tests of tablets such as general appearance, hardness, thickness, weight variation, friability, content uniformity, in vitro release studies and stability studies were performed.
Results: Out of 9 formulations, the drug release was found to be within the innovator formulation F9. The stability study of formulation F9 revealed there was no significant change in physical and chemical properties of drug stored at 40 °C/75 % RH, 30 °C/65 % RH, 25 °C/60 % RH for 2 mo.
Conclusion: Optimized formulation batch F9 showed highest F2 value which indicates similarity with innovator product. The study indicates that Guanfacine Hydrochloride Extended-release tablet was successfully developed.
FORMULATION AND EVALUATION OF ALLOPURINOL LOADED CHITOSAN NANOPARTICLES
Authors: Kandav Gurpreet , Bhatt D.c. , Jindal Deepak Kumar 
Published: May 2019

Objective: The objective of the present investigation was to fabricate and characterize allopurinol loaded chitosan nanoparticles (A-CNPs) for sustained release of drug.
Methods: The allopurinol loaded chitosan nanoparticles were successfully prepared by employing the ionotropic gelation method. Further, particle size (PS), polydispersity index (PDI), zeta potential (ZP), Differential Scanning Calorimetry (DSC), entrapment efficiency (EE), Transmission Electron Microscopy (TEM), in vitro drug release, X-Ray Diffraction (XRD) and Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) were used for evaluating formulated A-CNPs
Results: A-CNPs was successfully prepared and the particle size, polydispersity index, ZP and entrapment efficiency were found to be 375.3±10.1 nm, 0.362±0.01 and 32.5±2.7 mV and 52.56±0.10% respectively. In vitro release profile of A-CNPs showed sustained release and Higuchi model was found to be best fit for drug release kinetics. FTIR study depicted no chemical interaction between pure drug allopurinol (AL) and other excipients.
Conclusion: The sustained release formulation of allopurinol was successfully prepared using HMW chitosan and evaluated for different parameters.
THE THE METHOD OF RANDOM BALANCE FOR STUDYING THE INFLUENCE OF EXCIPIENTSʼ QUANTITIES ON TECHNOLOGICAL PARAMETERS OF METFORMIN ORODISPERSIBLE TABLETS
Authors: DEMCHUK MARIANA , CHUBKA MARIANA , HROSHOVYI TARAS 
Published: May 2019

Objective: The present investigation was undertaken with an objective of analyzing the influence of excipientsʼ amount on the technological parameters of metformin orodispersible tablets using the method of random balance.
Methods: The tablets were prepared by using direct compression method. The formulations were designed according to the method of random balance. The technological parameters of metformin orodispersible tablets have been studied as a function of quantitative factors: crospovidone (Polyplasdone XL-10®), magnesium aluminometasilicate (Neusilin US2®), microcrystalline cellulose (MCC Sanaq® burst), lactose monohydrate, magnesium stearate (Tablube® MgSt micronized vegetable) and talc.
Results: The flowability results were ranging from excellent to good according to the quantities of Neusilin US2® and Polyplasdone XL-10® crospovidone, which used. Results of bulk density and tapped density of the powder mixtures for pressing depended from the quantities of Neusilin US2® and talc. The obtained tablets had uniform weight from 0.93 to 2.30 %. The increase in the amount of Polyplasdone XL-10® crospovidone and the decrease in the amount of talk improved the uniformity of tablets’ weights. All of the prepared tablets showed acceptable hardness and friability which were improved with decrease in the amount of MCC Sanaq®burst and increase in the amount of Neusilin US2®. The rapid disintegration and wetting time for all formulations of tablets were obtained by using the Polyplasdone XL-10® crospovidone and MCC Sanaq®burst.
Conclusion: Oral disintegrating tablets of metformin were successfully prepared by direct compression method. The random balance method enabled us to identify the most significant quantitative factors and stabilize them at optimal values.