bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Current Spectrum of Intestinal Obstruction in a Teaching Hospital
Authors: Tasnim Tamanna , Rahman Md Mizanur , Alam Ariful , Laila Rupsha Nura , Matin Abdul , Nafisa Ali 
Published: August 2019

Intestinal Obstruction is a common surgical emergency and constitutes a major cause of morbidity and financial expenditure in hospitals around the world. This study aimed to provide the current spectrum of intestinal obstruction in a tertiary care hospital with a special view to identify any change in the aetiologic pattern. This prospective observational study was carried out in all four surgical units of Rajshahi Medical College Hospital from September 2010 to August 2011. The study included 250 adult patients with clinical and radiological evidence of complete intestinal obstruction. Out of 250 consecutive patients ranging between (13-90) years with a male to female ratio of 2.1:1, the maximum cases were within (31-40) years and (51-60) years of age group. In this study 175 cases (70%) were presented with small bowel and 75 cases (30%) with large bowel obstruction. The main causes of obstructions were bands and adhesions (44%) followed by volvulus (18%), external hernias (16%), neoplasm (12%), intussusceptions (3.2%), intestinal tuberculosis (2.8%) and miscellaneous (4%). Approximately, 86% patient with adhesive obstructions had previous laparotomy while 42% needed surgical exploration for failed conservative management. The overall mortality was 8%; mainly owing to strangulating obstruction and old age. Varying degrees of wound infections were the common post-operative complications. There was a significant change in the aetiologic pattern of intestinal obstruction. Post operative adhesions were the commonest cause of obstruction and appendicectomy was the most common previous operation causing adhesion.
TAJ 2019; 32(1): 62-69
Acute Respiratory Infections (ARI) and Weaning Status of Infants Admitted in Selected Hospitals of Rajshahi- A Case Control Study
Authors: Yasmin Farhana , Haque Md Jawadul 
Published: August 2019

Background: Acute respiratory infections (ARI) include upper respiratory tract infections and lower respiratory tract infections. Infections of the respiratory tract are perhaps the most common human ailment. While they are a source of discomfort, disability and loss of time for most adults, they are a substantial cause of morbidity and mortality in young children. ARI may cause inflammation of the respiratory tract anywhere from nose to alveoli, with a wide range of combination of symptoms and signs. ARI in children is most common among others because heir constant contact with other kids who could be virus carriers. Children often don’t wash their hands regularly. They are also more likely to rub their eyes and put their fingers in their mouths, resulting in the spread of viruses. For prevention of malnutrition and infection of child breast feeding is an important determinant of child health in the prevention of malnutrition and infection but in many cultures other food was introduced years before the cessation of breast feeding. In Bangladesh, many infectious diseases such as diarrhoea and acute respiratory infections are the main cause of mortality and morbidity in infants aged less than one year. The importance of breast feeding in the prevention of infectious diseases during infancy is well known. Objective: In this study our main objective is to evaluate the association between ARI of infant and weaning status of infants admitted in selected Hospitals of Rajshahi. Study place and Method: This study provided a wide range of information regarding ARI and weaning status of infants admitted in selected hospitals of Rajshahi and from the surroundings. This was a case control type of study. A total of 230 caregiver or mothers were interviewed.
Result & discussion: It was found that the relationship between weaning status of infants and occurrence of ARI was statistically significant (p<0.001). It was showed that majority of the babies of the case group were weaned by Cow’s milk and within the control group by mashed rice. The association between occurrence of ARI and type of weaning food was statistically significant (p<0.001). It was also found that majority of the babies living in rural areas developed ARI and also within the case group majority (29.6%) of the babies who were not exclusively breast fed developed ARI and the association between occurrence of ARI and EBF was statistically significant (p<0.001).
Conclusion: Our study suggests that proportion of ARI is more among the infants who were weaned earlier.
TAJ 2019; 32(1): 70-81
Instagram and Students' Higher Order Thinking Skill of Creating
Authors: Agrikaltarini Niken Dwiretno Galuh , Susanto Susanto , Munir Ahmad 
Published: August 2019

It is a qualitative study that focuses on how students apply their creating skill as seen in their compositions posted on Instagram. There were six tenth graders in one of the vocational high schools in Sidoarjo selected as the participants. They comprised three male students and three female students. The researcher collected the data in the form of written expressions (sentences) by observing students’ creating skill processes as seen in their compositions posted on Instagram. The data thenwere analyzedusing the elements of each Brookhart’s HOT skills of transfer, critical thinking, and problem-solving. The findings showed that the activities of composing narrative texts and posting them on the Instagram account belong to the real and meaningful transfer learning of near and far transfers. Next, students could fulfill seven out of eleven criteria of critical thinkingskill. Last, from five components of the IDEAL problem-solving skill, only the last component of looking back andevaluatingthe effects of the activity that the students did not do. All in all, theactual evidence of creating skill implementation when students created their compositions by using Instagram is possible to justify.
An Analysis of Reading Texts
Authors: Andriani Desi 
Published: August 2019

The purposes of this research is to know the readability, exploitability and suitability of content of reading materials. This research is a descriptive research. The sources of the data of this research are reading materials of recount, narrative dan procedure texts. The texts are from Look Ahead and internet. The texts are used by English teachers at first grade at first semester. The instrument that is used analysis format. Data analyzed based on indicator readability, exploitability and suitability of content.
PENGOLAHAN SAYURAN TIDAK LAYAK KONSUMSI PASAR KAGET MENJADI PUPUK KOMPOS RAMAH LINGKUNGAN DENGAN METODE TAKAKURA DI KELURAHAN SUNGAI LANGKAI KECAMATAN SAGULUNG KEPULAUAN RIAU
Authors: Yona Mira 
Published: August 2019

Sungai langkai adalah sakah satu kelurahan dari kecamatan Sagulung yang padat penduduk, sungai langkai memiliki pasar kaget putri hijau yang setiap harinya ramai di kunjungi pembeli baik tua maupun muda ada kalangan menengah kebawah da nada juga kalangan menengah keatas.Produk yang dominan ditawarkan pasar kaget putri hijau adalah sayur- sayuran yang mempunyai harga lebih murah dibandingkan dengan pasar rakyat atau pasar tradisonal.Sayur- sayuran termasuk jenis tanaman yang mudah busuk dan rusak. Sayur- sayuran yang mudah rusak dan busuk sangat banyak di temui di pasar kaget dan memiliki bau yang tidak enak, agar tidak mencemari lingkungan sayuran ini diolah menjadi pupuk kompos ramah lingkungan oleh warga setempat dengan menggunakan metode takakura, metode ini sangatlah mudah dengan media keranjang takakura dan tidak memerlukan biaya yang besar. Tujuan pembuatan pupuk kompos ramah lingkungan ini selain mengurangi pencemaran lingkungan juga dapat menambah penghasilan keluarga serta membuat lingkungan pasar kaget menjadi bersih.Hasil pengolahan pupuk berbahan sayuran akandipasarkan dilingkungan pasar kaget putri hijau dan secara online. Sebelum melakukan pemasaran terlebih dahulu diperhatikan pembuatan kemasan yang memiliki daya tarik dan ramah lingkungan.
PERILAKU CYBERLOAFING TERHADAP KONTROL DIRI PADA PEGAWAI
Authors: Suranta Jerri , Hurriyati Dwi 
Published: August 2019

This study was conducted to determine the relationship between self-control and cyberloafing behavior. The hypothesis proposed in this study is that there is a positive relationship between self-control and cyberloafing behavior in staff. Subjects in this study amounted to 170 administrative employees in Palembang Hospital. The sample technique used in this study is simple random sampling technique. The measuring instrument used is the scale of self-control and Cyberloafing behavior. The analysis technique used is simple regression using SPSS version 20.0 The results of the analysis show that the correlation coefficient (r) = 0.515 with the score obtained is (R-square) = 0.265 and p = 0.000 (p <0.05 and p <0.01) which means that the proposed hypothesis is accepted. These results indicate that there is a very significant relationship between self-control and cyberloafing behavior in administrative staff in Palembang Hospital. The variable contribution of self-control with cyberloafing behavior variable is 26.5%.
The training of a polar scientist: Patrick Geddes and the student career of William Speirs Bruce
Authors: SWINNEY G. N. 
Published: August 2019

ABSTRACT: The university career of the polar scientist William Speirs Bruce (1867–is examined in relation to new information, discovered amongst the Bruce papers in the University of Edinburgh, which elucidates the role played by Patrick Geddes in shaping Bruce's future career. Previous accounts of Bruce's university years, based mainly on the biography by Rudmose Brown (1923), are shown to be in error in several details.
Walter Rothschild's second Great Auk skeleton: a history of its posthumous voyage.
Authors: STEINHEIMER FRANK D. 
Published: August 2019

ABSTRACT: The second complete Great Auk skeleton (Pinguinus impennis) formerly in Walter Rothschild's possession, previously thought lost, has been located. It was sold by Rowland Ward in 1905 to Georg Albert Girtanner, St Gallen, Switzerland. After Girtanner's death in 1907 the skeleton passed to the Senckenbergische Naturforschende Gesellschaft in Frankfurt, Germany. A newly discovered letter, from Girtanner to Ernst Hartert, curator of Rothschild's collection at Tring, helps to reconstruct the posthumous voyage of this Great Auk skeleton.
İCRA TAKİBİ YOLUYLA BİTCOİN ALACAĞININ İLERİ SÜRÜLMESİ VE BORÇLUNUN BİTCOİNİNİN HACZEDİLMESİ
Authors: YARDIMCI Taner Emre 
Published: August 2019

Bitcoin denkler arası/eşitler arası
ağa dayalı olan kripto bir birimidir. Bitcoinin en temel özelliği herhangi bir
otorite tarafından arz ve garanti edilmemesidir. Bitcoin işlemleri, bunları
dijital bir deftere kaydeden blok zinciri ile bütün kullanıcılar için umumi
hâle gelir. Bitcoin ağının merkezî olmayan yapısı, cebri icra süreci bakımından
bazı sorunları da beraberinde getirmektedir. Bir taraf akdi bir ilişkiye
istinaden belirli bir tutar bitcoini ifa etmeyi taahhüt ederse, diğer taraf
kararlaştırılan bitcoini almak için cebri icra takibi başlatabilmelidir. Diğer taraftan,
bir icra dairesi, takip alacaklısının talebi üzerine, bir bitcoin kullanıcısının
para borcundan ötürü bitcoinini haczedebilmelidir. Haciz işleminde bitcoinin
merkezî olmayan yapısı dikkate alınmalıdır.
ROMA HUKUKUNDA ŞARTIN ÖZEL BİR GÖRÜNÜMÜ: GLADYATÖR MÜSABAKALARINA BAĞLANAN HUKUKİ SONUÇ
Authors: TAHAN ORHAN Duygu 
Published: August 2019

Gladyatör oyunları, şiddetin oldukça ön
planda olduğu, ölüm ya da yaralanma ile sonuçlanması muhtemel müsabakalardır.
Temelini dini törenlerden alan bu oyunlar, zaman içerisinde toplumsal eğlence
anlayışının önemli bir parçası haline gelmiştir. Politik amaçlarla
kullanılabileceği erken dönemde keşfedilen oyunlara hukukun müdahalesi de
gecikmemiştir. Oyunların düzenlenmesi ve sınırlanması gibi hususlarda, muhtelif
hukuki müdahaleler gerçekleşmiştir. Bunun yanı sıra, bireysel bir noktadan,
ölene kurban vermekten ayrılıp, organize faaliyetler haline gelen müsabakalar
kapsamında, müsabakanın sonucu, müsabakayı düzenleyenler ile gladyatör okulları
arasındaki hukuki ilişkinin tespiti açısından önem arz etmektedir. Bu kapsamda,
müsabakaya katılan gladyatörlerin ölmesi veya ağır yaralanması, ya da yara
almadan veya hafif yaralarla müsabakadan ayrılması, organizatörler ile lanista arasındaki hukuki ilişkiyi
tespit eden unsuru teşkil etmektedir.
CUMHURBAŞKANLIĞI HÜKÜMET SİSTEMİ VE ENGELLİLERE YÖNELİK DÜZENLEMELER
Authors: ÇAKMAK Naci Münci 
Published: August 2019

Engellilerin
istihdam, ayrımcılık ve erişilebilirlik sorunları vardır. Bu sorunların etkili
bir şekilde çözülebilmesi konusunda öncelikli olarak devlet görevli ve
yetkilidir. Devlet engellilere kamu hizmetleri ile ulaşır. Devletin yanında
özel sektör de engellilere hizmetler sunma konusunda faaliyet göstermektedir.
Cumhurbaşkanlığı Hükümet Sistemi ile idari teşkilat yeniden oluşturulmuştur.
Cumhurbaşkanlığı Hükümet Sistemi, engellilere yönelik hizmetler ve
uygulamalarla ilgili bazı konuları yeniden düzenlemiştir. Yönetim sisteminin
merkezileşmesi karşısında engellilere sunulan hizmetlerde bürokrasinin artması
ihtimali söz konusudur. Bürokrasinin artması engelli haklarına ulaşımda
eksikliğe neden olacaktır. Bürokrasinin azalması yolunda çeşitli tedbirler alınmıştır.
Sistemin yeni olması nedeniyle bürokrasinin gelecekte nasıl olacağı ise henüz
belirsizdir.&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp;
ANALISIS PERBEDAAN PENGARUH PREMI, KLAIM, DAN INVESTASI TERHADAP PERTUMBUHAN LABA PADA PERUSAHAAN ASURANSI SYARIAH DENGAN ASURANSI KONVENSIONALPERIODE 2011-2013
Authors: Karyati Neneng , Mulyati Sri , Icih Icih 
Published: August 2019

The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of differences in premiums, claims and investment returns to profit growth.
The population is Islamic insurance company with conventional insurance in Indonesia. Based on the purposive sampling method, the sample totaled 9 companies Takaful and conventional insurance companies 9 with the observation period 2011-2013. The analysis technique used is multiple regression analysis.
Conclusion on Islamic insurance company is that premiums and investment returns no effect on profit growth, while the claims of positive effect on earnings growth. Whereas in conventional insurance companies is that the premium does not affect the profit growth, while the claims and investment returns positive effect on earnings growth.
Uneven Humanitarianism: Abandoned Refugees along the Thai-Myanmar Border
Authors: Sebro Tani 
Published: August 2019

This essay considers the case of uneven humanitarian aid distribution along the Thai-Myanmar border, where forcibly displaced migrants from Myanmar have been abandoned by the UNHCR and international humanitarian organizations. Based upon long-term ethnographic fieldwork along the Thai-Myanmar border amongst Tai migrants from the Shan State in Myanmar, I attend to the effects of the inequitable distribution of rights and privileges in an international humanitarian system that is predicated on the neoliberal logic of uneven development. After two centuries of British colonial occupation and later Burman authoritarian rule, the ethnic minority groups along the Thai-Myanmar border are now facing another crisis – that of abandonment as NGOs search for new and more pressing humanitarian disasters elsewhere. The essay addresses a concept I call uneven humanitarianism as a neocolonial condition for peoples living in the Thai-Myanmar borderlands by specifically focusing on Tai peoples who are living in unofficial refugee camps that lost foreign funding in 2017. I argue that the ad hoc treatment and eventual abandonment of these vulnerable groups – that are currently in the midst of the world’s most protracted civil war and displacement situation – constitutes a failure of the “responsibility to protect” humanitarian project.
Silicocarbonatitic melt inclusions in fluorapatite from the Yates prospect, Otter Lake, Québec: Evidence of marble anatexis in the central metasedimentary belt of the Grenville Province
Authors: Schumann Dirk , Martin Robert F. , Fuchs Sebastian , de Fourestier Jeffrey 
Published: August 2019

Abstract
We have investigated a locality very well known to mineral collectors, the Yates U-Th prospect near Otter Lake, Québec. There, dikes of orange to pink calcite enclose euhedral prisms of fluorapatite, locally aligned. Early investigators pointed out the importance of micro-inclusions in the prisms. We describe and image the micro-inclusions in two polished sections of fluorapatite prisms, one of them with a millimetric globule of orange calcite similar to that in the matrix. We interpret the globule to have been an inclusion of melt trapped during growth. Micro-globules disseminated in the fluorapatite are interpreted to have crystallized in situ from aliquots of the boundary-layer melt enriched in constituents rejected by the fluorapatite; the micro-globules contain a complex jigsawed assemblage of carbonate, silicate, and sulfate minerals. Early minerals to crystallize are commonly partly dissolved and partly replaced by lower-temperature phases. Such jigsawed assemblages seem to be absent in the carbonate matrix sampled away from the fluorapatite prisms. The pressure and temperature attained at the Rigolet stage of the Grenville collisional orogeny were conducive to the anatexis of marble in the presence of H2O. The carbonate melt is considered to have become silicocarbonatitic by assimilation of the enclosing gneisses, which were also close to their melting point. Degassing was important, and the melt froze quickly. The evidence points to a magmatic origin for the carbonate dikes and the associated clinopyroxenite, rather than a skarn-related association.
High-resolution Transmission Spectroscopy of Four Hot Inflated Gas Giant Exoplanets
Authors: Žák Jiří , Kabáth Petr , Boffin Henri M. J. , Ivanov Valentin D. , Skarka Marek 
Published: August 2019

AbstractThe technique of transmission spectroscopy allows us to constrain the chemical composition of the atmospheres of transiting exoplanets. It relies on very high signal-to-noise spectroscopic (or spectrophotometric) observations and is thus most suited for bright exoplanet host stars. In the era of theTransiting Exoplanet Survey Satellite, Next Generation Space Telescope, and PLAnetary Transits and Oscillations of stars (PLATO), more and more suitable targets, even for mid-sized telescopes, are discovered. Furthermore, a wealth of archival data is available that could become a basis for long-term monitoring of exo-atmospheres. We analyzed archival High Accuracy Radial velocity Planet Searcher (HARPS) spectroscopic time series of four host stars to transiting bloated gas exoplanets, namely WASP-76b, WASP-127b, WASP-166b, and KELT-11b, searching for traces of sodium (sodium doublet), hydrogen (Hα, Hβ), and lithium (670.8 nm). The archival data sets include spectroscopic time series taken during transits. Comparing in- and out-of-transit spectra we can filter out the stellar lines and investigate the absorption from the planet. Simultaneously, the stellar activity is monitored using the Mgiand Cailines. We detect sodium in the atmosphere of WASP-76b at a 7–9σlevel. Furthermore, we report also at a 4–8σlevel of significance the detection of sodium in the atmosphere of WASP-127b, confirming earlier results based on low-resolution spectroscopy. The data show no sodium nor any other atom at high confidence levels for WASP-166b nor KELT-11b, hinting at the presence of thick high clouds.
The Probability Distribution of Density Fluctuations in Supersonic Turbulence
Authors: Pan Liubin , Padoan Paolo , Nordlund Åke 
Published: August 2019

Abstract
A theoretical formulation is developed for the probability distribution function (pdf) of gas density in supersonic turbulence at steady state, connecting it to the conditional statistics of the velocity divergence. Two sets of numerical simulations are carried out, using either a Riemann solver to evolve the Euler equations or a finite-difference method to evolve the Navier–Stokes (N-S) equations. After confirming the validity of our theoretical formulation with the N-S simulations, we examine the effects of dynamical processes on the pdf, showing that the nonlinear term in the divergence equation amplifies the right pdf tail and reduces the left one, the pressure term reduces both the right and left tails, and the viscosity term, counterintuitively, broadens the right tail of the pdf. Despite the inaccuracy of the velocity divergence from the Riemann runs, we show that the density pdf from the Riemann runs is consistent with that from the N-S runs. Taking advantage of their higher effective resolution, we use Riemann runs with resolution up to 20483 to study the dependence of the pdf on the Mach number,

, up to

. The pdf width, σ

s
, follows the relation

, with b ≈ 0.38. However, the pdf exhibits a negative skewness that increases with increasing

, as the growth of the right tail with increasing

tends to saturate. Thus, the usual prescription that combines a lognormal shape with a variance–Mach number relation greatly overestimates the right pdf tail at large

, with important consequences for star formation models.
New Nearby Hypervelocity Stars and Their Spatial Distribution from Gaia DR2
Authors: Du Cuihua , Li Hefan , Yan Yepeng , Newberg Heidi Jo , Shi Jianrong , Ma Jun , Chen Yuqin , Wu Zhenyu 
Published: August 2019

Abstract
Based on about 4500 large tangential velocity (V
tan > 0.75V
esc) with high-precision proper motions and 5σ parallaxes in Gaia data release 2 (DR2) 5D information derived from parallax and proper motion, we identify more than 600 high-velocity stars with a 50% unbound probability. Of these, 28 nearby (less than 6 kpc) late-type hypervelocity stars (HVSs) with over a 99% possibility of being unbound are discovered. In order to search for the unbound stars from the full Gaia DR2 6D phase space information derived from the parallax, proper motion, and radial velocity, we also identify 28 stars from the total velocity (V
gc > 0.75V
esc) that have probabilities greater than 50% of being unbound from the Galaxy. Of these, only three have a nearly 99% probability of being unbound. In the whole HVSs subsample, there is 12 sources reported by other surveys. We study the spatial distribution of angular positions and angular separation of HVSs. We find the unbound HVSs are spatially anisotropic, which is most significant in the Galactic longitude at more than a 3σ level, and lower unbound probability HVSs are systematically more isotropic. The spatial distribution can reflect the origin of HVSs and we discuss the possible origin link with the anisotropy.
Représentation des chemins de Saint-Jacques par les marcheurs-pèlerins : l’expression d’une mythologie ?
Authors: Alcantara Christophe 
Published: August 2019

Cet article propose d’interroger la perception des chemins de Saint-Jacques par les marcheurs-pèlerins, en prenant appui sur leur vécu du chemin jusqu’à Compostelle et l’interrogation de leur représentation du chemin. À travers une mythologie à l’œuvre au sens sémiologique, l’auteur a réalisé une étude qualitative fine grâce à une production du « dire sur le faire » de six renseignants qui va souligner les déformations et autres écarts dans la réflexivité des marcheurs-pèlerins. Les chemins de Saint-Jacques sont riches de signes, de rites, de pratiques que les marcheurs-pèlerins s’approprient au moins partiellement, et la signification à l’œuvre dans l’analyse de leur témoignage recouvre des réalités qui s’éloignent des postures affichées initialement.