bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Safety and efficacy of tip‐in endoscopic mucosal resection for large sessile colorectal polyps: A single‐center experience in Taiwan
Authors: Lee Chung‐Ying , Chen Ming‐Yao , Lin Hwai‐Jeng , Chien Hsi‐Yuan 
Published: July 2019

AbstractEndoscopic mucosal resection (EMR) is an established technique for treating large colonic polyps. However, en bloc resection of large sessile lesions using conventional EMR is technically challenging and can generally be performed only in a piecemeal manner, resulting in low radical resection rates and high recurrence rates. Endoscopic submucosal dissection (ESD), a more difficult and time‐consuming technique, is an alternative procedure with high en bloc resection rates and low recurrence rates. Therefore, we present a novel technique: tip‐in EMR. We evaluated the feasibility and safety of tip‐in EMR for the en bloc resection of large sessile colorectal polyps or laterally spreading tumors (LSTs). In this retrospective observational study, we included patients who underwent tip‐in EMR for the removal of large colonic polyps (>10 mm) at Shuang Ho Hospital over a 2‐year period (September 2015 to September 2017). Clinical variables, including age, gender, polyp size and morphology, procedure time, complications, and pathology, were analyzed. A total of 46 polyps were removed from 42 adult patients through tip‐in EMR. The patients' mean ± SD age was 61.0 ± 12.0 years. The polyps were located in the right‐side colon, transverse colon, left‐side colon, and rectum in 39.1%, 17.4%, 37.0%, and 6.5% of the patients, respectively. The mean polyp size was 20.4 ± 5.6 mm (range = 10‐35 mm). LSTs were the predominant polyp type (n = 37, 81.5%). Among all LSTs (n = 37), 12 lesions were of granular type, and 25 lesions were nongranular. All polyps were removed en bloc using tip‐in EMR. The mean procedure time was 14.9 ± 8.8 min. Immediate bleeding occurred in only one patient (2.2%). No patient developed perforation or delayed bleeding. Regarding histopathological findings, 9 polyps (19.6%) were sessile serrated adenomas, 16 (34.8%) were tubular adenomas, 12 (26.1%) were tubulovillous adenomas, and 1 (2.2%) was a villous adenoma. High‐grade dysplasia was observed in four polyps (8.7%), and one lesion was an in situ carcinoma. Surveillance colonoscopy was performed in 20 patients (47.6%) over a mean follow‐up period of 12.7 ± 5.3 months. Among these patients, only one patient exhibited local recurrence. Tip‐in EMR is a novel alternative technique for polyp resection that is proven to be relatively safe and efficient for the en bloc removal of large sessile colonic polyps.
Asymmetric Construction of Axially Chiral 2‐Arylpyrroles by Chirality Transfer of Atropisomeric Alkenes
Authors: Wang Yong‐Bin , Wu Quan‐Hao , Zhou Zhi‐Peng , Xiang Shao‐Hua , Cui Yuan , Yu Peiyuan , Tan Bin 
Published: July 2019

AbstractAxially chiral 2‐arylpyrrole frameworks are efficiently accessed through a direct chirality transfer strategy by rapid cyclization of enantioenriched atropisomeric alkenes, which are generated by organocatalytic asymmetric N‐alkylation reactions. This approach accommodates a broad scope of substrates with remarkably high chirality transfer efficiency, affording novel atropisomers with a fully substituted pyrrole moiety and high enantiopurities. Given the enantioenriched atropisomeric alkenes, novel heterocyclic 2‐arylazepine atropisomers were realized through a rationally designed ene reaction.
Vinylene‐Linked Covalent Organic Frameworks by Base‐Catalyzed Aldol Condensation
Authors: Acharjya Amitava , Pachfule Pradip , Roeser Jérôme , Schmitt Franz‐Josef , Thomas Arne 
Published: July 2019

AbstractTwo 2D covalent organic frameworks (COFs) linked by vinylene (−CH=CH−) groups (V‐COF‐1 and V‐COF‐2) are synthesized by exploiting the electron deficient nature of the aromatic s‐triazine unit of C3‐symmetric 2,4,6‐trimethyl‐s‐triazine (TMT). The acidic terminal methyl hydrogens of TMT can easily be abstracted by a base, resulting in a stabilized carbanion, which further undergoes aldol condensation with multitopic aryl aldehydes to be reticulated into extended crystalline frameworks (V‐COFs). Both V‐COF‐1 (with terepthalaldehyde (TA)) and V‐COF‐2 (with 1,3,5‐tris(p‐formylphenyl)benzene (TFPB)) are polycrystalline and exhibit permanent porosity and BET surface areas of 1341 m2 g−1 and 627 m2 g−1, respectively. Owing to the close proximity (3.52 Å) of the pre‐organized vinylene linkages within adjacent 2D layers stacked in eclipsed fashion, [2+2] photo‐cycloadditon in V‐COF‐1 formed covalent crosslinks between the COF layers.
RhI‐Catalyzed PIII‐Directed C−H Bond Alkylation: Design of Multifunctional Phosphines for Carboxylation of Aryl Bromides with Carbon Dioxide
Authors: Zhang Zhuan , Roisnel Thierry , Dixneuf Pierre H. , Soulé Jean‐François 
Published: July 2019

AbstractWe report the C−H alkylation of biarylphosphines at the ortho′ position(s) with alkenes by using rhodium(I) catalysis, which provides straightforward access to a large library of multifunctionalized phosphines. Some of these modified ligands outperformed commercially available phosphines in the Pd‐catalyzed carboxylation of aryl bromides with carbon dioxide in the presence of a photoredox catalyst.
Internal Nucleophilic Catalyst Mediated Cyclisation/Ring Expansion Cascades for the Synthesis of Medium‐Sized Lactones and Lactams
Authors: Lawer Aggie , Rossi‐Ashton James A. , Stephens Thomas C. , Challis Bradley J. , Epton Ryan G. , Lynam Jason M. , Unsworth William P. 
Published: July 2019

AbstractA strategy for the synthesis of medium‐sized lactones and lactams from linear precursors is described in which an amine acts as an internal nucleophilic catalyst to facilitate a novel cyclisation/ring expansion cascade sequence. This method obviates the need for the high‐dilution conditions usually associated with medium‐ring cyclisation protocols, as the reactions operate exclusively via kinetically favourable “normal”‐sized cyclic transition states. This same feature also enables biaryl‐containing medium‐sized rings to be prepared with complete atroposelectivity by point‐to‐axial chirality transfer.
Manipulating the separation performance of nanofiltration membranes by coating thickness of organic phase during interfacial polymerization
Authors: Cheng Xin , Pan Qiaoming , Liu Tao , Tan Huifen , Liu Wenchao 
Published: July 2019

ABSTRACTNanofiltration (NF) membranes have excellent separation capabilities and selective performance, and are widely applied in the field of concentration and separation of salt and inorganic salt mixtures. In this article, NF membranes with a higher comprehensive performance were fabricated using a thinner coated organic phase during interfacial polymerization, which greatly reduced the rejection of sodium chloride and significantly improved the water flux without reducing the rejection of magnesium sulfate. Structure comparison found that thinner polyamide separation layer resulted in the higher crosslinking degree, smaller particle, and relatively rough surface. Based on these analyses, we hypothesized that thermodynamically efficiency in the system varies with the coating thickness. Finally, the mechanism of the influence of the coating thickness of organic phase during heat treatment on the interfacial polymerization process and membrane structure was discussed. © 2019 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Appl. Polym. Sci. 2020, 137, 48284.
Anticancer properties of novel pyrazole‐containing biguanide derivatives with activating the adenosine monophosphate‐activated protein kinase signaling pathway
Authors: Zhou Sichun , Xu Leichuan , Cao Mengru , Wang Zhiren , Xiao Di , Xu Simeng , Deng Jun , Hu Xin , He Caimei , Tao Ting , Wang Wei , Guan Aiying , Yang Xiaoping 
Published: July 2019

AbstractBiguanides, including metformin and phenformin, have emerged as promising anticancer agents. However, the high dose needed for their efficient anticancer properties restricts their clinical application. In an attempt to obtain higher active compounds than these parent compounds, pyrazole‐containing biguanide derivatives were synthesized and screened for in vitro cytotoxicity against human cancer cell lines. Clonogenic assays and scratch wound healing assays demonstrated that these new derivatives profoundly inhibit cell proliferation and migration. Compounds 10b and 10d exhibited strong potency with low IC50 values in the range of 6.9‐28.3 μM, far superior to phenformin and metformin. Moreover, 20 μM 10b and 10d resulted in 72.3‐88.2% (p < 0.001) inhibition of colony formation and 29.3‐60.7% (p < 0.05) inhibition of cell migration. Mechanistically, 10b and 10d activated adenosine monophosphate‐activated protein kinase, leading to inactivation of the mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) signaling pathway with the regulation of 4EBP1 and p70S6K. These results suggest the value of these novel biguanide derivatives as candidates with therapeutic potential for the treatment of bladder and ovarian cancer.
A nationwide survey regarding the life situations of patients with thalidomide embryopathy in Japan, 2018: First report
Authors: Hinoshita Fumihiko , Beppu Hiroko , Shioji Shingo , Fujitani Junko , Imai Koubun , Tajima Tsuyoshi , Tagami Tetsuya , Ohnishi Shin 
Published: July 2019

AbstractBackgroundClinical studies on the effects of thalidomide‐induced damage on thalidomide victims as they age have only recently started to be conducted, but no studies have examined socioeconomic differences in terms of healthcare and social status between thalidomiders and the age‐matched general population in Japan. Therefore, we carried out a nationwide survey focusing on the life situations of thalidomiders.MethodQuestionnaires were sent to 274 thalidomiders in Japan. The questionnaire items basically matched those of the Comprehensive Survey of Living Conditions (CSLC) in the general population conducted by the Japanese Government. The results were compared with those of the CSLC for individuals aged 55–59 years, which was the cohort most similar in age to the average thalidomider living in Japan.ResultsMore thalidomiders rated their health condition as relatively bad or bad compared with the general population (20.2% vs. 13.3%, respectively). A much higher percentage of thalidomiders reported having some health or physical problem caused by a disease or injury (68.8% vs. 32.6%, respectively), and thalidomiders reported visiting medical and healthcare‐related facilities more frequently. A higher proportion of thalidomiders (9.2%) were unemployed, and thalidomiders tended to feel higher levels of worry and stress, especially in terms of the future.ConclusionsThe results of this nationwide survey of the life situations of thalidomiders in Japan clarified their health conditions and the related associations with socioeconomic status. These findings could be expected to help improve the provision of medical and healthcare, welfare measures, and financial support for thalidomiders in the near future.
Determination of phenolic compounds by MALDI–TOF and essential oil composition by GC–MS during three development stages of Origanum majorana L.
Authors: Khadhri Ayda , Bouali Intidhar , Aouadhi Chedia , Lagel Marie‐Christine , Masson Eric , Pizzi Antonio 
Published: July 2019

AbstractThis study aimed to investigate the effect of the maturation process of sweet marjoram (Origanum majorana L.) on essential oil composition, the phenolic profile of ethanolic extract and their antioxidant capacities. The essential oil composition was studied at three stages of maturity by GC–MS. Thirty compounds were detected representing 100% of the total essential oil. p‐Menth‐1‐en‐4‐ol was the major compound (37.15–76.94%) followed by cyclohexanol‐3,3,5 trimethyl (5.41–15.99%) and α‐terpineol (0.94–11.34%). During the maturation process, an accumulation of oxygenated monoterpenes was observed. The phenolic composition was studied using matrix‐assisted laser desorption/ionization time of flight. The analysis showed the presence of short flavonoid monomers at all stages of maturation. The antioxidant capacity of ethanolic extracts and essential oils was evaluated using the DPPH assay, iron chelating power and reducing power assay. The highest phenolic content and antioxidant capacity were found at flowering stage. These findings on essential oil composition, phenolic profile and antioxidant capacity of O. majorana at three different stages of development provide more information on how these secondary metabolites are accumulated.
Is there a relationship between psychological factors and TMD?
Authors: Sójka Anna , Stelcer Bogusław , Roy Marco , Mojs Ewa , Pryliński Mariusz 
Published: July 2019

AbstractIntroductionMedical students are in a very demanding environment and are affected by high degree of stress. High levels of anxiety can affect a student's academic performance and also increase the risk of other health‐related problems. This study aims to evaluate, thanks to the intensity of stress manifestations (4DSQ) together with the sense of coherence (SOC), the prevalence of TMD and oral parafunctions in students enrolled in the University of Medical Sciences. Moreover, it aims to evaluate the relationship between the psychosocial manifestations of stress and sense of coherence in relation to gender.Materials and MethodsA total of 324 students of Poznań University of Medical Sciences participated in this study. Students were assessed using a three‐part questionnaire: one was to assess symptoms of TMD, the second part was 4DSQ, and the third was a SOC Questionnaire.ResultsAbout one‐third of the students in this study presented symptoms of TMD and perceived more intensively symptoms of distress, anxiety, somatization, and depression. They presented a higher level of somatic symptoms and a lower level of Sense of Coherence than students without TMD symptoms.ConclusionThere is a strong negative relationship between the sense of coherence and the level of perceived distress, anxiety, somatization, and depression. Female students attending Medical School showed a higher level of somatization of stress but with a higher capacity to overcome challenges as compared to men.
Doggedness of small farms and productivity among smallholder farmers in Nigeria: Empirical linkage and policy implications for poverty reduction
Authors: Apata Temidayo Gabriel , N'Guessan Yapo Genevier , Ayantoye Kayode , Borokini Adesina , Okanlawon Mobolaji , Bamigboye Oluwaseun , Adara Christopher , Agboola Timothy Olusola , Busari Ahmed Olugbenga 
Published: July 2019

AbstractSmall farms have shown spirited livelihood over time as they have significantly influenced agricultural production and rural poverty reduction. Small farm characterizes agriculture in Nigeria and seems to be persisting. What is the relationship between these persisting small farms and productivity? Multistage sampling technique was engaged in choosing the samples desirable for this study and where 880 farming households' data across the four regions of Nigeria were used to examine this linkage. Data were analyzed by descriptive statistics, cross‐tabulation analysis, and Total Factor Productivity analysis. Majority of the respondents derived livelihood in petty farming, but income received is somewhat insignificant. Farming households with less than 2 ha of agricultural land are poorer (30.1%) and used family/communal land for farming purposes. Total Factor Productivity analysis indicated 29% of these farmers operated on a low productivity out of which 65% of them identified poor, hence confirm the correlation between small farms and low productivity. About 67% of the poor households with low productivity augment household income from nonfarm rural acridities. Productivity has a significant effect on small farms doggedness at p < .05 and a deviation of 3.21. Thus, 1% increase in productivity would lead to 3.21% decrease in small farms persistence. Hence, the empirical analysis of persistence of small farms and the productivity models has thus shown that there exists a causal relationship. The simultaneity test between small farms and productivity revealed a direct link. This suggests that policies that can expedite efficient rural service delivery, interactions of agricultural production systems, and rural livelihoods can influence income increase and can also do same to improve productivity. Similarly, policies that promote the development of the rural nonfarm sector are crucial to help increase income available for farming and hence, improve smallholders' well‐being, preventing small farms from being a pool of the poor.
Efficient AcrH2 Catalyzed β‐Trifluoromethylation of Carbonyl Compounds by Atom Transfer Radical Addition Reactions
Authors: Rao Zi‐Peng , Sun Yu‐Yang , Zhou Xin‐Feng , Xie Qiang , Zhu Hui‐Xia , Dai Jian‐Jun , Xu Jun , Xu Hua‐Jian 
Published: July 2019

Summary of main observation and conclusionThe use of organic catalysis AcrH2 enables the direct β‐trifluoromethylation of carbonyl compounds by atom transfer radical addition reactions with broad substrate scopes under mild conditions. This operationally simple and robust protocol successfully converts a variety of β‐chloro carbonyl compounds into the corresponding α‐chloro‐β‐fluoroalkylcarbonyl products. A significant advantage of this method is that it does not require the use of a metal catalyst, thereby avoiding metal residue problems in drug synthesis.
Effect of sarpogrelate and high‐dose statin on the reduction of coronary spasm in vasospastic angina: A two by two factorial, pilot randomized study
Authors: Kim So Ree , Choi Ki Hong , Song Young Bin , Lee Joo Myung , Park Taek Kyu , Yang Jeong Hoon , Hahn Joo‐Yong , Choi Jin‐Ho , Choi Seung‐Hyuk , Gwon Hyeon‐Cheol 
Published: July 2019

AbstractBackgroundVasospastic angina (VSA) is characterized by coronary spasm, which can be aggravated by vasoactive substances such as serotonin. Hypothesis Sarpogrelate, a selective serotonin receptor antagonist, and high‐dose statin have some effects on the reduction of coronary spasm in patients with VSA.MethodsWe recruited 100 patients with angiographically confirmed VSA, and randomly assigned them into four groups: sarpogrelate with high‐dose statin (Group A, n = 25), sarpogrelate with low‐dose or no statin (Group B, n = 25), placebo with high‐dose statin (Group C, n = 25), and placebo with low‐dose or no statin (Group D, n = 25). The primary endpoint was the remission of coronary spasm on 1‐year follow‐up provocation test.ResultsThe most common site of coronary spasm was left anterior descending artery (42%). Most patients (96%) took calcium channel blockers, and 46% were treated with vasodilators. Overall, 40% of patients reported no chest pain at 1 year, and 23% showed complete remission of coronary spasm on 1‐year follow‐up provocation test. No difference was observed in symptomatic and angiographically complete remission rate between the sarpogrelate and the placebo group. Although the apolipoprotein B level at the 1‐year follow‐up was significantly lower in the high‐dose statin group, symptomatic and angiographic outcomes were not different according to statin intensity. Distal thrombolysis in myocardial infarction (TIMI) flow on initial provocation test was independently associated with angiographically complete remission.ConclusionsSarpogrelate or high‐dose statin did not significantly improve the angiographic remission rate in patients with VSA. Distal TIMI flow on initial provocation test could predict the complete remission of coronary spasm at follow‐up.
Three insights, two programs, one theory: Transformative practices as opportunities for moral growth in the healthcare workplace
Authors: Solarz Barbara J. , Gaspar Angie 
Published: July 2019

AbstractIncreasing demands on healthcare systems and complex pressures within healthcare settings create the conditions for workplace conflict; this inevitably has a detrimental impact on patient care and worker morale. We present two case studies illustrating how training and conflict coaching premised on the transformative model reduced organizational costs, increased employee engagement, and restored healthcare workers' ability to care for patients. Transformative theory and insights, which center on increasing awareness and development of one's moral identity, prove to be especially well‐suited to the healthcare workplace where caring for others is of primary concern.
Time‐varying network link loss rate tracking from unicast end‐to‐end measurements
Authors: Fei Gaolei , Li Tianbo , Hu Guangmin 
Published: July 2019

SummaryTime‐varying network link loss rate is a useful information for network managers to discover and locate the network link failures. This paper proposes a method to track time‐varying network link loss rates from unicast end‐to‐end measurements. The method first trains a state transition matrix to capture the spatio‐temporal characters of packet link transmission probabilities by sending end‐to‐end probe packets and then estimates the time‐varying link loss rates using the state transition matrix and the end‐to‐end measurements obtained from background traffic (the existed packets in network). We also introduce a validation step to check and retrain the state transition matrix in order to ensure the accuracy of the state transition matrix. Our method is capable of tracking the variation of link loss rates without incessantly sending probe packets, which is very feasible for many practical applications. The ns‐2 simulation results show the good performance of our method.
CARBIOSOL: Biological indicators of soil quality and organic carbon in grasslands and croplands in Wallonia, Belgium
Authors: Vincent Quentin , Chartin Caroline , Krüger Inken , Van Wesemael Bas , Carnol Monique 
Published: July 2019

AbstractThe protection of agricultural soil quality is critical to environmental sustainability and requires relevant indicators. Total soil organic carbon (SOC) is of importance for soil quality but its slow dynamic and inherent variability do not allow early detection of changes. The project CARBIOSOL provides a data set from agricultural soils in Wallonia (Southern Belgium), of total SOC, SOC fractions and biological indicators, selected for their relevance as indicators of soil quality. Two land uses (sampled in 2013), five agricultural regions (2015), seasonal variability in croplands (2016) and four management types (2017) were studied. Soil organic carbon content (total, stable fine fraction <20 μm, labile coarse fraction >20 μm), cold and hot water extractable carbon and nitrogen contents, total nitrogen, pHKCl, pHH2O, potential respiration, microbial biomass carbon and nitrogen, net nitrogen mineralization, metabolic potential of soil bacteria, earthworm density and biomass, and two ecophysiological quotients (metabolic and microbial quotient) were measured for a total of 415 samples. The present data set provides an important contribution for establishing a reference system of soil quality in Wallonia and eventually for large‐scale studies through its integration into a global database. Moreover, the present data set could be used to support the interpretation of measurements of fractions of SOC and biological indicators by soil analyses laboratories, which will be useful for farmers and decision makers to evaluate the effect of different management practices. Information contained in this publication or product may be reproduced, in part or in whole, and by any means for personal or public non‐commercial uses, without charge or further permission, unless otherwise specified. Users are required to exercise due diligence in ensuring the accuracy of the material reproduced, indicate the complete title of the material produced and refer to this publication (including author names), indicate that the reproduction is a copy/uses official work financed by the SPW‐DGO3. Commercial reproduction and distribution is prohibited, except with written permission from SPW‐DGO3 and publication authors.