bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Identification and characterization of circular RNAs involved in mechanical force‐induced periodontal ligament stem cells
Authors: Wang Hong , Feng Cheng , Jin Ye , Tan Wanye , Wei Fulan 
Published: November 2018

AbstractCircular RNAs (circRNAs) play critical roles in signal transduction during cell proliferation, differentiation, and apoptosis in a posttranscriptional manner. Recently, circRNAs have been proved to be a large class of animal RNAs with regulatory potency. However, whether circRNAs can respond to mechanical force (MF) and impact on human periodontal ligament stem cells (PDLSCs) and the orthodontic tooth movement (OTM) process remain unknown. Here, we investigated the circRNAs expression patterns in PDLSCs induced by MF and found that circRNAs were responsive to the MF in PDLSCs. Through the valid reads’ distribution analysis, we found that the majority of reads in both the control PDLSCs and the MF‐induced PDLSCs were distributed in exons. Then we analyzed Gene Ontology terms of genes that overlap with or are neighbors of the stress‐responsive circRNAs and found unique enrichment patterns in biological processes, molecular function, and cellular component of PDLSCs. Next, we predicted the possible functions of circRNAs through circRNAs–miRNAs networks. We found that one circRNA may regulate one or several miRNA/miRNAs and one miRNA may interact with one or multiple circRNA/circRNAs. Importantly, a number of circRNAs were predicted to directly or indirectly regulate miRNAs‐mediated osteogenic differentiation in mesenchymal stem cells. For instance, circRNA3140 was highly and widely associated with microRNA‐21, which plays a critical role in MF‐induced osteogenic differentiation of PDLSCs. Taken together, these findings reveal a previously unrecognized mechanism that MF can induce the expression changes of circRNAs in PDLSCs, which may modulate the OTM process and the alveolar bone remodeling.
HIF‐1α promotes bone marrow stromal cell migration to the injury site and enhances functional recovery after spinal cord injury in rats
Authors: Han Xiaoguang , Chen Yong , Liu Yajun , Wang Zhuo , Tang Guoqing , Tian Wei 
Published: November 2018

AbstractBackgroundSpinal cord injury (SCI) is a severe health problem worldwide, and efficacious strategies to properly repair SCI have not yet been developed. Recently, gene and cell therapies as alternative treatments for SCI have been proposed to comprise safe and promising strategies.MethodsThe present study investigated the therapeutic effects and underlying mechanisms of hypoxia‐inducible factor‐1α carried in recombinant adenovirus (Adv‐HIF‐1α), as administered immediately after SCI in adult rats.ResultsAdv‐HIF‐1α‐treated animals showed better functional recovery and smaller cavity volume than those in the vehicle‐treated control group. Both the numbers of green fluorescent protein‐labeled bone marrow stromal cells (GFP‐BMSCs) and cells double‐positive for GFP and a cell lineage marker (NeuN) in the injured spinal cord were larger in the Adv‐HIF‐1α‐treated group. The expression levels of neurotrophins such as neurotrophin‐3 and brain‐derived neurotrophic factor were also higher in the Adv‐HIF‐1α‐treated group.ConclusionsAdv‐HIF‐1α improves functional recovery in rats with SCI, and the underlying mechanism may be related to the mobilization of BMSCs to the injured area and higher expression levels of neurotrophin‐3 and brain‐derived neurotrophic factor.
The Impact of Cash Transfer Programmes on Youth and Adult Labour Supply: Evidence from Lesotho and the Philippines
Authors: Porreca Eleonora , Rosati Furio C. 
Published: November 2018

AbstractThis study analyses the effect of cash transfers, aimed to increase children's human capital, on youth and adult labour supply. We provide novel results from the evaluation of two programmes: the conditional cash transferPantawidin the Philippines and the unconditional cash transferChild Grant Programmein Lesotho. The transfers did not discourage youth and adult work. However, marginal adjustments emerged: the Child Grant Programme decreased youth and adult occasional work, representing the last resort to cope with income vulnerability; the Pantawid did not influence youth work but increase adult wage work, with a reduction of family work, indicating that the transfer decreased transaction costs associated with labour market access. © 2018 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Physical and chemical behaviour of Nabali Mohassan single‐cultivar olive oil during prolonged storage
Authors: Snouber Jehan A , Abdelraziq Issam , Abu‐Jafar Mohammed , Zyoud Ahed , Hilal Hikmat , Pasqualone Antonella 
Published: November 2018

AbstractBACKGROUNDThe effect of storage time on the fluorescence emission intensity and physico‐chemical properties of olive oil from the Palestinian cultivar Nabali Mohassan was investigated. Olive oil samples stored up to 7 years were obtained from different olive orchards in Palestine, where prolonged storage is still in use.RESULTSAs a result of oxidation, all fluorescent minor compounds (tocopherols, chlorophylls, pheophytins and phenolic compounds) of olive oil significantly decreased as the storage time increased, whereas viscosity increased (P < 0.05). Until 1 year of storage, the physico‐chemical properties of olive oil samples were within the limits of both Palestinian and European quality standards, and minor compounds, although affected by a marked decrease compared to freshly produced oil, were still detectable. After 5 years, a 90% decrease of the fluorescence attributed to tocopherols occurred and, after 7 years, phenolics reached a loss of 90%.CONCLUSIONThe analysis of fluorescence, together with other physical measures, was demonstrated to be a useful tool for monitoring oil aging. This is the first report on fluorescent minor compounds of oils obtained from Nabali Mohassan olive cultivar. A better knowledge of this single‐cultivar oil could enhance the adoption of the best practices by producers, improving the whole production chain. © 2018 Society of Chemical Industry
Analysis of bacteriological pollution and the detection of antibiotic resistance genes of prevailing bacteria emanating from pig farm seepage
Authors: Matjuda Dikonketso Shirley‐may , Aiyegoro Olayinka Ayobami 
Published: November 2018

AbstractManagement and disposal of pig farm seepage constitute a serious environmental challenge, and seepage discharge from agricultural waste‐water is considered to be one of the greatest contributors of organic substances, bacterial pathogens, and antibiotic resistance genes into the environment. The objectives of this study were to assess the level of bacteriological pollution and to identify the resident antibiotic‐resistant genes of culturable bacteria from a studied pig farm seepage. Enumeration of the viable bacterial cell of plated bacteria suspensions (10−1 to 10−8 cfu/mL) was performed; also, identification of pure bacterial colonies was done using an API 20E bacterial identification kit. CLSI guidelines for antimicrobial susceptibility testing were adopted to determine the antibiotic susceptibility/resistance of the cultured bacterial isolates. Identification of resident‐resistant genes was done using molecular biology procedures. The results on viable cells in seepage samples ranged from 4.30 × 102 to 1.29 × 109 cfu/mL. Pseudomonas luteola, Enterococcus vulneris, Salmonella choleraesuis spp arizonae, Escherichia coli, Enterobacter cloacae, Proteus mirabillis etc. were isolated from the pig farm soil samples. Almost all of the cultured isolates were resistant to Penicillin G, Vancomycin, Oxytetracycline, Spectinomycin, and Lincomycin. The most frequent resistant genes detected in the isolates were Van A, Van B, InuA, aph (3”)‐llla, blaTEM, Otr A, and Otr B. It was inferred from the study that Pig farm seepage has the ability to cause bacterial pollution that may negatively impact the natural environment, by introducing bacteria pathogens that harbor antibiotic‐resistant genes.
Polhemus EM tracked Micro Sensor for CT‐guided interventions
Authors: Franz Alfred M. , Seitel Alexander , Cheray Dominique , Maier‐Hein Lena 
Published: November 2018

PurposeElectromagnetic (EM) tracking is a key technology in image‐guided therapy. A new EM Micro Sensor was presented by Polhemus Inc.; it is the first to enable localization of medical instruments through their trackers. Different field generators (FGs) are available by Polhemus, one being almost as small as a sugar cube. As accuracy and robustness of tracking are known challenges to using EM trackers in clinical environments, the goal of this study was a standardized assessment of the Micro Sensor in both a laboratory (lab) and a computed tomography (CT) environment.MethodsThe Micro Sensor was assessed by means of Hummel et al.’s standardized protocol; it was assessed in conjunction with a Polhemus Liberty tracker and three FGs — with edge lengths of 1 (TX1), 2 (TX2), and 4 (TX4) inches. Precision as well as positional and rotational accuracy were determined in a lab and a CT suite. Distortions by four different metallic cylinders and tracking of two typical medical instruments — a hypodermic needle and a flexible endoscope — were also tested.ResultsA jitter of 0.02 mm or less was found for all FGs in the different environments, except for the TX2 FG for which no valid data could be obtained in the CT. Errors of 5 cm distance measurements were 0.6 mm or less for all FGs in the lab. While the distance errors of the TX1 FG were only slightly increased up to 1.6 mm in the CT, those of the TX4 FG were found to be up to around 10% of the measured distance (5.4 mm on average). The mean orientation error was found to be 0.9°/0.5°/0.1° for the TX4/TX2/TX1 FG in the lab. In the CT environment, rotation errors were in the same range: less than 1.2°/0.1° for the TX4/TX1 FG. Deviation under the presence of metallic cylinders stayed below 1 mm in most cases. Precision and orientational accuracy do not seem to be affected by instrument tracking and stayed in the same range as for the other measurements whereas distance errors were slightly increased up to 1.7 mm.ConclusionThis study shows that accurate tracking of medical instruments is possible with the new Micro Sensor; it demonstrated a jitter of 0.01 mm or less, position errors below 2 mm, and rotation errors of less than 0.3°. As with other EM trackers, errors increase when large tracking volumes with ranges of up to 50 cm are required in clinical environments. For smaller tracking volumes with ranges of up to 15 cm, a high accuracy and robustness was found. This is interesting especially for the TX1 FG which can easily be placed in close vicinity to the region of interest.
Chemical shift assignment of mono‐ and di‐bromo triimidazo[1,2‐a:1′,2′‐c:1″,2″‐e][1,3,5]triazine derivatives by DFT/NMR integrated approach
Authors: Di Micco Simone , Giannini Clelia , Previtali Andrea , Lucenti Elena , Bifulco Giuseppe 
Published: November 2018

AbstractSolid state organic compounds, endowed with enhanced emission, have been gaining great attention in the scientific community for their potential application in different areas, such as lighting technologies or bioimaging. In this field, mono‐ and di‐bromo derivatives of triimidazo[1,2‐a:1′,2′‐c:1″,2″‐e][1,3,5]triazine have been proposed as new organic molecules presenting a very rich and complex photophysical behavior. Their structures were investigated by standard 1D and 2D nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) experiments, but the correct structural assignment of all proton and carbon resonances was made difficult because of the lack of crucial and diagnostic long‐range correlations between quaternary carbon and proton signals. Thus, we afforded the correct chemical shift assignment by integrating the experimental data with density functional theory calculation of NMR parameters. Our findings lay foundation for a structural reference in the organic synthesis and characterization of new congeners of this intriguing class of molecules.
Intersubject specific absorption rate variability analysis through construction of 23 realistic body models for prostate imaging at 7T
Authors: Meliadò Ettore F. , van den Berg Cornelis A.T. , Luijten Peter R. , Raaijmakers Alexander J.E. 
Published: November 2018

PurposeFor ultrahigh field (UHF) MRI, the expected local specific absorption rate (SAR) distribution is usually calculated by numerical simulations using a limited number of generic body models and adding a safety margin to take into account intersubject variability. Assessment of this variability with a large model database would be desirable. In this study, a procedure to create such a database with accurate subject‐specific models is presented. Using 23 models, intersubject variability is investigated for prostate imaging at 7T with an 8‐channel fractionated dipole antenna array with 16 receive loops.MethodFrom Dixon images of a volunteer acquired at 1.5T with a mockup array in place, an accurate dielectric model is built. Following this procedure, 23 subject‐specific models for local SAR assessment at 7T were created enabling an extensive analysis of the intersubject B1+ and peak local SAR variability.ResultsFor the investigated setup, the maximum possible peak local SAR ranges from 2.6 to 4.6 W/kg for 8 × 1 W input power. The expected peak local SAR values represent a Gaussian distribution W/kg) with realistic prostate‐shimmed phase settings and a gamma distribution Γ(24,0.09) with multidimensional radiofrequency pulses. Prostate‐shimmed phase settings are similar for all models. Using 1 generic phase setting, average B1+ reduction is 7%. Using only 1 model, the required safety margin for intersubject variability is 1.6 to 1.8.ConclusionThe presented procedure allows for the creation of a customized model database. The results provide valuable insights into B1+ and local SAR variability. Recommended power thresholds per channel are 3.1 W with phase shimming on prostate or 2.6 W for multidimensional pulses.
Clinical and Electrodiagnostic Features Of Nontraumatic Sciatic Neuropathy
Authors: Cherian Rejo P. , Li Yuebing 
Published: November 2018

ABSTRACTIntroduction: In this study we sought to characterize etiologies and features of sciatic neuropathy unrelated to penetrating nerve trauma. Methods: This investigation was a retrospective review of 109 patients with electrodiagnostically confirmed sciatic neuropathies. Results: Hip replacement surgery represented the most common (34.9%) etiology, whereas inflammatory sciatic neuropathy was seen in 7.3%. Electrodiagnostic testing revealed an axonal neuropathy in 95.4% and a demyelinating neuropathy in 4.6%. Predominant involvement of the peroneal division was seen in 39.4% and was tibial in 5.5%. Nine of 31 (29.0%) patients who had MRI or neuromuscular ultrasound study showed abnormalities within the sciatic nerve. At the final visit, 46.4% of patients required assistance for ambulation. Young age, lack of severe initial weakness, and presence of tibial compound muscle action potential or sural sensory nerve action potential were predictors of favorable outcome. Discussion: Sciatic neuropathies are usually axonal on electrodiagnostic testing, affect preferentially the peroneal division, and are commonly associated with incomplete recovery. Muscle Nerve 59:309–314, 2019
Health maintenance for adults with neuromuscular diseases on immunosuppression
Authors: Cartwright Sarah L. , Cartwright Michael S. 
Published: November 2018

ABSTRACTImmunosuppressants are commonly used in the treatment of neuromuscular diseases. The use of these medications requires health maintenance screening and monitoring for multiple potential sides effects, which may be best conducted when the prescribing physician and primary care physician work in tandem. Clinical practice guidelines, recommendations from professional organizations, prescription drug labeling, and expert opinion were reviewed and combined to provide recommendations for health maintenance for eight different immunosuppressants. Recommendations are provided for vaccinations, infection prophylaxis, laboratory monitoring, bone density screening, cancer screening, and other considerations. While studies in individuals with neuromuscular diseases are sparse, knowledge gained from the use of immunosuppressants in other conditions is applied in this review to provide recommendations to be used during the treatment of neuromuscular diseases in adults. Muscle Nerve 59:397–403, 2019
NH3⋅H2O: The Simplest Nitrogen‐Containing Ligand for Selective Aerobic Alcohol Oxidation to Aldehydes or Nitriles in Neat Water
Authors: Zhang Guofu , Ma Danting , Zhao Yiyong , Zhang Guihua , Mei Guangyao , Lyu Jinghui , Ding Chengrong , Shan Shang 
Published: November 2018

AbstractAqueous ammonia (NH3⋅H2O) has been shown to serve as the simplest nitrogen‐containing ligand to effectively promote copper‐catalyzed selective alcohol oxidation under air in water. A series of alcohols with varying electronic and steric properties were selectively oxidized to aldehydes with up to 95 % yield. Notably, by increasing the amount of aqueous ammonia in neat water, the exclusive formation of aryl nitriles was also accomplished with good‐to‐excellent yields. Additionally, the catalytic system exhibits a high level of functional group tolerance with −OH, −NO2, esters, and heteroaryl groups all being amenable to the reaction conditions. This one‐pot and green oxidation protocol provides an important synthetic route for the selective preparation of either aldehydes or nitriles from commercially available alcohols.
Abacavir Hypersensitivity Reaction Reporting Rates During a Decade of HLA‐B*5701 Screening as a Risk‐Mitigation Measure
Authors: Stainsby Chris M. , Perger Teodora M. , Vannappagari Vani , Mounzer Karam C. , Hsu Ricky K. , Henegar Cassidy E. , Oyee James , Urbaityte Rimgaile , Lane Charlotte E. , Carter Lindsay M. , Pakes Gary E. , Shaefer Mark S. 
Published: November 2018

IntroductionHuman leukocyte antigen (HLA)‐B*5701 screening identifies patients at increased risk for abacavir (ABC) hypersensitivity reaction (HSR). Screening was adopted in GlaxoSmithKline and ViiV Healthcare clinical trials in 2007 and human immunodeficiency virus treatment guidelines in 2008. Company meta‐analyses of trials pre–HLA‐B*5701 screening reported HSR rates of 4–8%. We analyzed the effectiveness of HLA‐B*5701 screening on reducing HSR rates using clinical trial, Observational Pharmaco‐Epidemiology Research & Analysis (OPERA) cohort, and spontaneous reporting data.MethodsA meta‐analysis examined 12 trials in 3063 HLA‐B*5701–negative patients receiving an ABC‐containing regimen from April 9, 2007, to September 22, 2015. Potential cases were identified using prespecified Medical Dictionary for Regulatory Activities (MedDRA) preferred terms (drug hypersensitivity, hypersensitivity, anaphylactic reaction, anaphylaxis) and adjudicated against a Company ABC HSR case definition. Investigator‐diagnosed cases were identified and rates were calculated. In the OPERA cohort, 9619 patients initiating their first ABC‐containing regimen from January 1, 1999, to January 1, 2016, were identified. Patients were observed from regimen start until the earliest‐following censoring event: ABC discontinuation, loss to follow‐up, death, or study end (July 31, 2016). OPERA physicians evaluated events against OPERA definitions for definite/probable cases of ABC HSR; rates were calculated pre‐ and post‐2008. The Company case definition was used to identify spontaneously reported cases for four marketed ABC‐containing products; reporting rates were calculated using estimated exposure from sales data, through December 31, 2016.ResultsSuspected ABC HSR rates were 1.3% or less in the meta‐analysis. In the OPERA cohort, the rate was 0.4% among patients initiating ABC post‐2008 versus 1.3% pre‐2008 (p<0.0001). Spontaneous reporting rates were low post‐2008 (54 to 22 cases per 100,000 patient‐years exposure [PYE]) versus pre‐2008 (618 to 55 cases per 100,000 PYE).ConclusionsClinically suspected ABC HSR rates were 1.3% or less in HLA‐B*5701–negative patients. Recognizing their limitations, data from the OPERA cohort and spontaneous reporting indicate that HLA‐B*5701 screening has reduced reporting rates of suspected HSR in clinical practice. Where screening for HLA‐B*5701 is standard care, patients should be confirmed negative for this allele before starting ABC treatment.
Feasibility, acceptability, and safety of the Recapture Life videoconferencing intervention for adolescent and young adult cancer survivors
Authors: Sansom‐Daly Ursula M. , Wakefield Claire E. , Bryant Richard A. , Patterson Pandora , Anazodo Antoinette , Butow Phyllis , Sawyer Susan M. , McGill Brittany C. , Evans Holly E. , Cohn Richard J. ,   The Recapture Life Working Party
Published: November 2018

AbstractObjectiveOnline psychological therapies provide a way to connect adolescent and young adult (AYA) cancer survivors to evidence‐based support. We aimed to establish the feasibility, acceptability, and safety of Recapture life, a six‐session group‐based online cognitive‐behavioural intervention, led by a facilitator, for AYAs in the early post‐treatment period.MethodsA randomised‐controlled trial compared Recapture Life to an online peer‐support group control and a waitlist control. Participants could nominate a support person. Acceptability was assessed using study opt‐in and retention rates, participant‐reported benefits/burdens of participation, and group facilitator burden. We also assessed the feasibility (eg, frequency/impact of technological difficulties) and psychological safety (ie, occurrence of clinically concerning distress) of the program.ResultsSixty‐one participants took part (45 AYAs, 51.1% female; 19 support people). The opt‐in rate was 30%, the enrolment rate was 87%, and 75% of participants took part in ≥5/6 sessions. AYAs reported high benefit and low burden of participation. Overall, 95 online group sessions were conducted; few required rescheduling by group facilitators (3%), but many took place outside of office hours (~90 hours). It took 40 days on average to create online groups, but established weekly sessions commenced quickly (M = 4.0 minutes). Technological difficulties were common but had a low impact on intervention delivery. Although 54% of AYAs returned a clinically concerning distress screen at some point, none reflected acute mental health risks.ConclusionsThe data largely indicate that Recapture Life is an acceptable, feasible, and safe model of evidence‐based psychological support for AYAs during early survivorship, which nevertheless experienced common challenges in online/AYA intervention delivery.