bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Clinical Guidelines for the Surgical Management of Chronic Lateral Ankle Instability: A Consensus Reached by Systematic Review of the Available Data
Authors: Song Yujie , Li Hongyun , Sun Chao , Zhang Jian , Gui Jianchao , Guo Qinwei , Song Weidong , Duan Xiaojun , Wang Xiaoqin , Wang Xuesong , Shi Zhongming ,   Chinese Society of Sports Medicine, Hua Yinghui , Tang Kanglai , Chen Shiyi 
Published: September 2019

Background: The surgical management of chronic lateral ankle instability (CLAI) has evolved since the 1930s, but for the past 50 years, the modified Broström technique of ligament repair has been the gold standard. However, with the development of arthroscopic techniques, significant variation remains regarding when and how CLAI is treated operatively, which graft is the optimal choice, and which other controversial factors should be considered. Purpose: To develop clinical guidelines on the surgical treatment of CLAI and provide standardized guidelines for indications, surgical techniques, rehabilitation strategies, and assessment measures for patients with CLAI. Study Design: A consensus statement of the Chinese Society of Sports Medicine. Methods: A total of 14 physicians were queried for their input on guidelines for the surgical management of CLAI. After 9 clinical topics were proposed, a comprehensive systematic search of the literature published since 1980 was performed for each topic through use of China Biology Medicine (CBM), China National Knowledge Infrastructure (CNKI), PubMed, Web of Science, EMBASE, and the Cochrane Library. The recommendations and statements were drafted, discussed, and finalized by all authors. The recommendations were graded as grade 1 (strong) or 2 (weak) based on the GRADE (Grading of Recommendations Assessment, Development, and Evaluation) concept. Based on the input from 28 external specialists independent from the authors, the clinical guidelines were modified and finalized. Results: A total of 9 topics were covered with regard to the following clinical areas: surgical indications, surgical techniques, whether to address intra-articular lesions, rehabilitation strategies, and assessments. Among the 9 topics, 6 recommendations were rated as strong and 3 recommendations were rated as weak. Each topic included a statement about how the recommendation was graded. Conclusion: This guideline provides recommendations for the surgical management of CLAI based on the evidence. We believe that this guideline will provide a useful tool for physicians in the decision-making process for the surgical treatment of patients with CLAI.
Adsorption of crystal violet dye by a zeolite-montmorillonite nano-adsorbent: modelling, kinetic and equilibrium studies
Authors: Sarabadan Malihe , Bashiri Hadis , Mousavi Seyed Mahdi 
Published: September 2019

AbstractA zeolite-montmorillonite (zeolite-Mt) nano-adsorbent was prepared by calcination at 600°C. The synthesized nano-adsorbent was tested for removal of a toxic and cationic dye (crystal violet) from water, and it was characterized by various techniques. The effects of variables such as pH, temperature, adsorbent dosage and initial dye concentration on the removal efficiency of the dye were investigated by response surface methodology (RSM). Experimental conditions were optimized by RSM to achieve the maximum dye removal efficiency. Optimum conditions for maximum removal of dye were obtained at pH 9, temperature of 25°C, adsorbent dosage of 2 g L−1 and initial dye concentration of 40 mg L−1. Under these conditions, the maximum removal efficiency obtained was 99.9%. Various isotherms were applied to study adsorption equilibrium, and of these, the Freundlich isotherm provided the best fit. In addition, the fractal-like integrated kinetic Langmuir model was the most appropriate among several kinetic models. The thermodynamic parameters were also determined. The zeolite-Mt prepared under optimum conditions displayed a greater adsorption capacity than activated carbon (manufactured by Merck) and than various other adsorbents.
Evaluating the potential impact of bird predation on the SW Atlantic fiddler crab Leptuca uruguayensis
Authors: Ribeiro Pablo D. , Navarro Diego D. , Jaureguy Luciano M. , Daleo Pedro , Iribarne Oscar O. 
Published: September 2019

Abstract
The southernmost permanent population of the fiddler crab Leptuca uruguayensis occurs along the Samborombón Bay (36°22′S, 56°45′W, Argentina), an important feeding site for many bird species, including ruddy turnstones (Arenaria interpres), whimbrels (Numenius phaeopus), grey plovers (Pluvialis squatarola), american golden plovers (Pluvialis dominica) and gull-billed terns (Gelochelidon nilotica). Although all these birds are known to prey on many fiddler crab species worldwide, there is no estimation of their joint predation impacts, probably due to the difficulty in conducting experiments on an appropriate spatial scale. In these situations, computer simulation methods are useful tools. By using Monte Carlo methods and field data, we modeled the decrease of a fiddler crab population due to bird predation. The model found that under current bird occurrences and crab densities, birds do not consume more than 0.03% of the studied fiddler crab populations. Birds only consume more than 10% of the population if crab density is below 0.02 crabs m2, or if bird occurrences are at least 3 orders of magnitude higher than currently observed. Both situations are unlikely, as mean crab density is 140 crabs m2, and bird density is never so high. Furthermore, by monitoring three different fiddler crab patches, we found that bird predation cannot account for temporal density changes, suggesting that other population processes are more important than bird predation. In conclusion, even though fiddler crabs may exhibit strong predator-avoidance behavior, direct lethal effects of bird predation are currently small.
Comparison of the effectiveness of lectures based on problems and traditional lectures in physiology teaching in Sudan
Authors: Alaagib Nouralsalhin Abdalhamid , Musa Omer Abdelaziz , Saeed Amal Mahmoud 
Published: September 2019

Abstract

Background
Lectures are one of the most common teaching methods in medical education. Didactic lectures were perceived by the students as the least effective method. Teaching methods that encourage self-directed learning can be effective in delivering core knowledge leading to increased learning. Problem based learning has been introduced as an active way of learning but it has some obstacles in developing countries where the intake is huge with minimum resources. This study introduces a new teaching approach: lectures based on problems (LBP) and evaluates their effectiveness compared to traditional lectures (TL) in physiology teaching.

Methods
LBP and TL were applied in physiology teaching of medical students at University of Science and Technology during their study of introduction to physiology and respiratory physiology courses. Equal number of lectures was given as LBP and as TL in each course. Students were given quizzes at the end of each course which were used to compare the effectiveness of the two types of lectures. A questionnaire was used to assess students’ satisfaction about LBP and the perceived effects of the two methods on the students’ attitude and practice towards learning physiology.

Results
In LBP the students have better attention (P = 0.002) and more active role (P = 0.003) than in TL. Higher percentage of students think that LBP stimulated them to use references more (P = 0.00006) and to use the lecture time more effectively (P = 0.0001) compared to TL. However, there was no significant difference between LBP and TL in the awareness of the learning objectives. About 64% of students think that LBP is more enjoyable and it improved their understanding of physiology concepts. Comparison of the students’ quiz marks showed that the means of the students’ marks in the introduction to physiology and respiratory courses were higher in the quizzes of LBP than in TL with a significant difference between them ((P = .000), (P = .006) respectively.

Conclusions
LBP improved students’ understanding of physiology concepts and increased students’ satisfaction about physiology learning. LBP achieved some of the objectives of PBL with the minimum resources and it can be used to improve the effectiveness of the lectures.
Preparation, optimization and in vitro–in vivo evaluation of Shunxin sustained release granules
Authors: Dou Yinghuan , Li Xuefeng , Shi Yanbin , Zhang Jiaying , Yuan Yang , Zhou Mengru , Wei Xiangxiang , Zhang Xiaoying 
Published: September 2019

Abstract

Background
Shunxinzufang decoction is tutors, empirical formula and has been used in Chinese patients of HFpEF for several years. The aim of this study was to make into sustained release granules and select the best formula for the preparation of Shunxin sustained release granules and to evaluate its in vivo and in vitro drug release behavior.

Methods
Response surface methodology and Center composite design were applied to screen the optimal formula of Shunxin sustained release granules. HPLC was used to detect indicative ingredients—paeoniflorin, calycosin-7-glucoside and ferulic acid in Shunxin sustained release granules. The in vitro sustained release character of indicative ingredients was investigated in simulated digestive fluids. In-vivo process of active components was studied through pharmacokinetics.

Results
The optimal formula of Shunxin sustained release granules consisted of 35% shunxinzufang extract and 65% HPMC/starch (HPMC/starch ratio = 2:1). Three indicative components can be separated well under selected HPLC conditions. Compared with Shunxinzufang extract, the active components of Shunxin sustained release granules have obvious sustained-release character and improved bioavailability.

Conclusion
Shunxin sustained release granules has obvious sustained-release character and improved bioavailability.
Traditional Chinese Medicine and regulatory roles on epithelial–mesenchymal transitions
Authors: Bai Jing , Kwok Wee Chiew , Thiery Jean-Paul 
Published: September 2019

AbstractEpithelial–mesenchymal transition (EMT) is a critical biological process allowing epithelial cells to de-differentiate into mesenchymal cells. Orchestrated signaling pathways cooperatively induce EMT and effect physiological, sometimes pathological outcomes. Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM) has been clinically prescribed for thousands of years and recent studies have found that TCM therapies can participate in EMT regulation. In this review, the historical discovery of EMT will be introduced, followed by a brief overview of its major roles in development and diseases. The second section will focus on EMT in organ fibrosis and tissue regeneration. The third section discusses EMT-induced cancer metastasis, and details how EMT contribute to distant dissemination. Finally, new EMT players are described, namely microRNA, epigenetic modifications, and alternative splicing. TCM drugs that affect EMT proven through an evidence-based research approach will be presented in each section.
Anti-inflammatory activities of Sigesbeckia glabrescens Makino: combined in vitro and in silico investigations
Authors: Zhong Zhangfeng , Zhang Qianru , Tao Hongxun , Sang Wei , Cui Liao , Qiang Wenan , Cheang Wai San , Hu Yuanjia , Yu Hua , Wang Yitao 
Published: September 2019

AbstractBackgroundSigesbeckia glabrescensMakino (SG) is one of the important plant origins of Sigesbeckiae herba and has been widely used for the treatment of chronic inflammatory diseases in China. However, the underlying anti-inflammatory mechanism of SG is rarely investigated and reported. There are more than 40 kinds of chemical constituents in SG, but the action of the bioactive compounds of SG is still unclear. Therefore, we aimed to systemically investigate the mechanisms behind the anti-inflammatory properties of SG by combining in vitro and in silico investigations.MethodsCytotoxicity was measured using the 3-[4,5-dimethyl-2-thiazolyl]-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide (MTT) and lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) assays. Nitric oxide (NO) release was detected using the Griess assay. The secretion of pro-inflammatory cytokines and the expression of relevant proteins were assessed using ELISA kits and Western blots, respectively. Molecular docking was performed and scored using AutoDock via a comparison with the molecular docking ofN-acetyl-d-glucosamine (NAG).ResultsIn lipopolysaccharides (LPS)-stimulated macrophages, SG significantly inhibited NO, MCP-1, and IL-6 secretion; iNOS expression; and NF-κB activation but did not significantly affect MAPK signalling (p38, ERK, and JNK). Moreover, the results from the molecular docking prediction suggested that over 10 compounds in SG could likely target TLR4, p105, and p65.ConclusionsThese findings suggest that the anti-inflammatory effects of SG are highly related to the inactivation of NF-κB. Moreover, this study provides a novel approach to investigate the effects of herbal medicine using combined in vitro and in silico investigations.
The relationship between air quality and respiratory pathogens among children in Suzhou City
Authors: Zhang Dandan , Li Yuqin , Chen Qiu , Jiang Yanqun , Chu Chu , Ding Ying , Yu Yixue , Fan Yujie , Shi Jinjin , Luo Yali , Zhou Weifang 
Published: September 2019

Abstract

Objective
We studied the short-term effects of air pollutant concentrations in Suzhou City on respiratory infections in children of different age groups.

Methods
We employed clinical data from children hospitalized with respiratory infections at the Children’s Hospital of Soochow University during 2014–2016, and air quality for Suzhou City covering the same period.We investigated the relationships between the air pollutant concentrations and respiratory tract infections in children by causative pathogen using time series models with lagged effects.

Results
The results of single-pollutant models showed that PM2.5, PM10, NO2, SO2 and CO had statistically significant associations with respiratory tract infections in children under 3 years, with the largest effect sizes at a lag of 3 weeks. Notably, the multi-pollutant model found PM2.5 was significantly associated with viral respiratory in children under 7 months, and bacterial respiratory infections in other age groups, while PM10 concentrations were associated with viral infections in preschool children.

Conclusion
PM2.5, PM10 and NO2 are the main atmospheric pollutants in Suzhou. The associations between pollutant concentrations and viral and bacterial respiratory infections were stronger among children under 3 years than for older age group.s PM2.5 had the strongest influence on viral and Mycoplasma pneumoniae respiratory infections when multiple pollutants were tested together.
Collaborative health education for Somali Bantu refugee women in Kansas City
Authors: Mulcahy Ellyn R. , Buchheit Carla , Max Elyse , Hawley Suzanne R. , James Aimee S. 
Published: September 2019

Abstract

Objective
To partner with and understand the health of Somali Bantu refugee women, small group sessions were designed and conducted using a community-based collaborative action research (CBCAR) approach. Health topics identified by this community were presented in 42 sessions with eleven women. Follow-up individual interviews with the women were used to ask questions about health experiences and plan for future health education. The objective of this qualitative study was to provide refugee women with knowledge to help them adjust to new health challenges in the United States, and to share personal narratives in a safe environment.

Results
The process of sharing health information with the women resulted in a collaborative exchange of culture and community. Individual interviews allowed women to voice their opinions outside of the influence of their community elders. CBCAR is an effective tool to involve refugee communities, and other populations small in number, in addressing their unique health challenges. Results from this study demonstrated that small group sessions and a CBCAR approach can be effective in sharing knowledge within small communities of refugee women. Findings from the study will assist in the future planning of health education programs for refugee women and their families in this community.
Nursing documentation practice and associated factors among nurses in public hospitals, Tigray, Ethiopia
Authors: Tasew Hagos , Mariye Teklewoini , Teklay Girmay 
Published: September 2019

Abstract

Objective
The objective of this study was to investigate documentation practice and factors affecting documentation practice among nurses working in public hospital of Tigray region, Ethiopia.

Results
In this study, there were 317 participants with 99.7% response rate. The result of this study shows that practice nursing care documentation was inadequate (47.8%). Inadequacy of documenting sheets AOR = 3.271, 95% CI (1.125, 23.704), inadequacy of time AOR = 2.205, 95% CI (1.101, 3.413) and with operational standard of nursing documentation AOR = 2.015, 95% CI (1.205, 3.70) were significantly associated with practice of nursing care documentation. To conclude, more than half of nurses were not documented their nursing care. Employing institutions should provide training on documentation of nursing care to enhance knowledge and create awareness on nurses’ documentation to nursing directors and chief executive officer to access adequate documenting supplies besides employing more nurses.
NLGP counterbalances the immunosuppressive effect of tumor-associated mesenchymal stem cells to restore effector T cell functions
Authors: Ghosh Tithi , Nandi Partha , Ganguly Nilanjan , Guha Ipsita , Bhuniya Avishek , Ghosh Sarbari , Sarkar Anirban , Saha Akata , Dasgupta Shayani , Baral Rathindranath , Bose Anamika 
Published: September 2019

AbstractBackgroundA dynamic interaction between tumor cells and its surrounding stroma promotes the initiation, progression, metastasis, and chemoresistance of solid tumors. Emerging evidences suggest that targeting the stromal events could improve the efficacies of current therapeutics. Within tumor microenvironment (TME), stromal progenitor cells, i.e., MSCs, interact and eventually modulate the biology and functions of cancer and immune cells. Our recent finding disclosed a novel mechanism stating that tumor-associated MSCs inhibit the T cell proliferation and effector functions by blocking cysteine transport to T cells by dendritic cells (DCs), which makes MSCs as a compelling candidate as a therapeutic target. Immunomodulation by nontoxic neem leaf glycoprotein (NLGP) on dysfunctional cancer immunity offers significant therapeutic benefits to murine tumor host; however, its modulation on MSCs and its impact on T cell functions need to be elucidated.MethodsBone marrow-derived primary MSCs or murine 10 T1/2 MSCs were tumor-conditioned (TC-MSCs) and co-cultured with B16 melanoma antigen-specific DCs and MACS purified CD4+and CD8+T cells. T cell proliferation of T cells was checked by Ki67-based flow-cytometric and thymidine-incorporation assays. Cytokine secretion was measured by ELISA. The expression of cystathionase in DCs was assessed by RT-PCR. The STAT3/pSTAT3 levels in DCs were assessed by western blot, and STAT3 function was confirmed using specific SiRNA. Solid B16 melanoma tumor growth was monitored following adoptive transfer of conditioned CD8+T cells.ResultsNLGP possesses an ability to restore anti-tumor T cell functions by modulating TC-MSCs. Supplementation of NLGP in DC-T cell co-culture significantly restored the inhibition in T cell proliferation and IFNγ secretion almost towards normal in the presence of TC-MSCs. Adoptive transfer of NLGP-treated TC-MSC supernatant educated CD8+T cells in solid B16 melanoma bearing mice resulted in better tumor growth restriction than TC-MSC conditioned CD8+T cells. NLGP downregulates IL-10 secretion by TC-MSCs, and concomitantly, pSTAT3 expression was downregulated in DCs in the presence of NLGP-treated TC-MSC supernatant. As pSTAT3 negatively regulates cystathionase expression in DCs, NLGP indirectly helps to maintain an almost normal level of cystathionase gene expression in DCs making them able to export sufficient amount of cysteine required for optimum T cell proliferation and effector functions within TME.ConclusionsNLGP could be a prospective immunotherapeutic agent to control the functions and behavior of highly immunosuppressive TC-MSCs providing optimum CD8+T cell functions to showcase an important new approach that might be effective in overall cancer treatment.
Modulation of osmotic stress-induced TRPV1 expression rescues human iPSC-derived retinal ganglion cells through PKA
Authors: Hsu Chih-Chien , Chien Ke-Hung , Yarmishyn Aliaksandr A. , Buddhakosai Waradee , Wu Wen-Ju , Lin Tai-Chi , Chiou Shih-Hwa , Chen Jiann-Torng , Peng Chi-Hsien , Hwang De-Kuang , Chen Shih-Jen , Chang Yuh-Lih 
Published: September 2019

Abstract

Background
Transient receptor potential vanilloid 1 (TRPV1), recognized as a hyperosmolarity sensor, is a crucial ion channel involved in the pathogenesis of neural and glial signaling. Recently, TRPV1 was determined to play a role in retinal physiology and visual transmission. In this study, we sought to clarify the role of TRPV1 and the downstream pathway in the osmotic stress-related retina ganglion cell (RGC) damage.

Methods
First, we modified the RGC differentiation protocol to obtain a homogeneous RGC population from human induced pluripotent stem cells (hiPSCs). Subsequently, we induced high osmotic pressure in the hiPSC-derived RGCs by administering NaCl solution and observed the behavior of the TRPV1 channel and its downstream cascade.

Results
We obtained a purified RGC population from the heterogeneous retina cell population using our modified method. Our findings revealed that TRPV1 was activated after 24 h of NaCl treatment. Upregulation of TRPV1 was noted with autophagy and apoptosis induction. Downstream protein expression analysis indicated increased phosphorylation of CREB and downregulated brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF). However, hyperosmolarity-mediated defective morphological change and apoptosis of RGCs, CREB phosphorylation, and BDNF downregulation were abrogated after concomitant treatment with the PKA inhibitor H89.

Conclusion
Collectively, our study results indicated that the TRPV1–PKA pathway contributed to cellular response under high levels of osmolarity stress; furthermore, the PKA inhibitor had a protective effect on RGCs exposed to this stress. Therefore, our findings may assist in the treatment of eye diseases involving RGC damage.