bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Total Versus Near-total Thyroidectomy in Graves Disease
Authors: Maurer Elisabeth , Maschuw Katja , Reuss Alexander , Zieren Hans Udo , Zielke Andreas , Goretzki Peter , Simon Dietmar , Dotzenrath Cornelia , Steinmüller Thomas , Jähne Joachim , Kemen Matthias , Coerper Stephan , Leister Ingo , Nies Christoph , Hartel Mark , Türler Andreas , Holzer Katharina , Agha Ayman , Knoop Michael , Musholt Thomas , Aminossadati Benaz , Bartsch Detlef K. 
Published: September 2019

Background:Previous data suggest that the incidence of hypoparathyroidism after surgery for Graves disease (GD) is lower after subtotal thyroidectomy compared to total thyroidectomy (TT). The present study evaluated the incidence of postoperative hypoparathyroidism after near-total (NTT) versus TT in GD.Methods/Design:In a multicenter prospective randomized controlled clinical trial, patients with GD were randomized intraoperatively to NTT or TT. Primary endpoint was the incidence of transient postoperative hypoparathyroidism. Secondary endpoints were permanent hypoparathyroidism, transient recurrent laryngeal nerve palsy (RLNP), reoperations for bleeding, inadvertently removed parathyroid glands, and recurrent hyperthyroidism after 12 months.Results:Eighteen centers randomized 205 patients to either TT (n = 102) or NTT (n = 103) within 16 months. According to intention-to-treat postoperative transient hypoparathyroidism occurred in 19% (20/103) patients after NTT and in 21% (21 of 102) patients after TT (P= 0.84), which persisted >6 months in 2% and 5% of the NTT and TT groups (P= 0.34). The rates of parathyroid autotransplantation (NTT 24% vs TT 28%,P= 0.50) and transient RLNP (NTT 3% vs TT 4%,P= 0.35) was similar in both groups. The rate of reoperations for bleeding tended to be higher in the NTT group (3% vs 0%,P= 0.07) and the rate of inadvertently removed parathyroid glands was significantly higher after NTT (13% vs 3%,P= 0.01). An existing endocrine orbitopathy improved in 35% and 24% after NTT and TT (P= 0.61). Recurrent disease occurred in only 1 patient after TT (P= 0.34).Conclusion:NTT for GD is not superior to TT regarding transient postoperative hypoparathyroidism.
Exercise factors as potential mediators of cognitive rehabilitation following traumatic brain injury
Authors: Stephan Joseph S. , Sleiman Sama F. 
Published: September 2019

Purpose of reviewTo summarize what is known about how exercise mediates cognitive rehabilitation post traumatic brain injury (TBI).Recent findingsTBI is a devastating condition that leads to cognitive, motor and social deficits with significant social and economic burdens. Physical exercise has been shown to mediate cognitive rehabilitation post-TBI. The therapeutic effects of exercise are related in part to its ability to increase brain-derived neurotrophic factor (Bdnf) expression in the hippocampus. However, we have only recently begun to understand how exercise inducesBdnfexpression in the brain through the identification of peripheral exercise factors. In this review, we will discuss the literature describing the various known exercise factors and we will assess their potential role in TBI.SummaryThe reviewed literature makes a strong case that exercise has important protective roles post-TBI. It also highlights the relevance and role of peripheral exercise factors, such as lactate and beta-hydroxybutyrate in mediating beneficial effects of exercise on cognition. Studying exercise factors in the context of injury will likely contribute to better therapeutic strategies for TBI.
Dynamics of droplet impingement on bioinspired surface: insights into spreading, anomalous stickiness and break-up
Authors: Roy Durbar , Pandey Khushboo , Banik Meneka , Mukherjee Rabibrata , Basu Saptarshi 
Published: September 2019

Inspired by the self-cleaning ability of lotus leaves and stickiness (towards water) of rose petals, we investigate the droplet impact dynamics on such bioinspired substrates. Impact studies are carried out with water droplets for a range of impact velocities on glass, PDMS and soft lithographically fabricated replicas of the lotus leaf and rose petals, which exhibit near identical wetting properties as that of the original biological entities. In this work, we investigate the spreading, dewetting and droplet break-up mechanisms subsequent to impact. Surprisingly, the rose petal and lotus leaf replicas manifest similar impact dynamics. The observation is extremely intriguing and counterintuitive, as rose petal and its replicas are sticky in contrast to lotus leaves. However, these observations are based on experiments performed with sessile water droplets. By contrast, in the current study, we find that rose petal replicas exhibit non-sticky behaviour at the short time scale

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s similar to that exhibited by lotus leaf replicas. Air entrapment in the micrometre features of bioinspired surfaces prevent frictional dissipation of droplet kinetic energy, leading to contact edge recession. We have also unveiled interesting universal physics that govern the spreading, recession of the contact edge and subsequent break-up modes (ligament or bulb-ligament) of the droplet.
Towards accurate and unbiased imaging based differentiation of Parkinson’s Disease, Progressive Supranuclear Palsy and Corticobasal Syndrome
Authors: Correia Marta M , Rittman Tim , Barnes Christopher L , Coyle-Gilchrist Ian T , Ghosh Boyd , Hughes Laura E , Rowe James B 
Published: September 2019

AbstractThe early and accurate differential diagnosis of parkinsonian disorders is still a significant challenge for clinicians. In recent years, a number of studies have used MRI data combined with machine learning and statistical classifiers to successfully differentiate between different forms of Parkinsonism. However, several questions and methodological issues remain, to minimise bias and artefact-driven classification. In this study we compared different approaches for feature selection, as well as different MRI modalities, with well matched patient groups and tightly controlling for data quality issues related to patient motion.Our sample was drawn from a cohort of 69 healthy controls, and patients with idiopathic Parkinson’s disease (n=35, PD), Progressive Supranuclear Palsy Richardson’s syndrome (n=52, PSP) and corticobasal syndrome (n=36, CBS). Participants underwent standardised T1-weighted MPRAGE and diffusion-weighted MRI. We compared two different methods for feature selection and dimensionality reduction: whole-brain principal components analysis, and an anatomical region-of-interest based approach. In both cases, support vector machines were used to construct a statistical model for pairwise classification of healthy controls and patients. The accuracy of each model was estimated using a leave-two-out cross-validation approach, as well as an independent validation using a different set of subjects.Our cross-validation results suggest that using principal components analysis (PCA) for feature extraction provides higher classification accuracies when compared to a region-of-interest based approach. However, the differences between the two feature extraction methods were significantly reduced when an independent sample was used for validation, suggesting that the principal components analysis approach may be more vulnerable to overfitting with cross-validation. Both T1-weighted and diffusion MRI data could be used to successfully differentiate between subject groups, with neither modality outperforming the other across all pairwise comparisons in the cross-validation analysis. However, features obtained from diffusion MRI data resulted in significantly higher classification accuracies when an independent validation cohort was used.Overall, our results support the use of statistical classification approaches for differential diagnosis of parkinsonian disorders. However, classification accuracy can be affected by group size, age, sex and movement artifacts. With appropriate controls and out-of-sample cross validation, diagnostic biomarker evaluation including MRI based classifiers can be an important adjunct to clinical evaluation.
The impact of marketing innovation on companies’ environmental orientation
Authors: Medrano Natalia , Cornejo-Cañamares María , Olarte-Pascual Cristina 
Published: September 2019

PurposeThe purpose of this study is to explore the relationship between companies’ marketing innovation and environmental orientation and to determine how this relationship differs between manufacturing and service companies.Design/methodology/approachThe study uses secondary data from the Technological Innovation Panel (PITEC) to look at 6,435 Spanish companies during the 2013-2015 period. To examine the contingency effect of the activity sector, the sample is divided into two subsamples: manufacturing companies and service companies. Partial least squares path modeling is used to test and validate the research model and proposed hypotheses.FindingsThe results show there is a statistically significant negative relationship between marketing innovation and environmental orientation. Significant differences were also found between manufacturing and service companies depending on the companies’ activity sector and size.Practical implicationsThe analyzed manufacturing and service companies still use traditional marketing and have yet to embrace the “green marketing” or “marketing 3.0” concept. The marketing innovations a company undertakes should be positively, rather than negatively, related to its environmental orientation. In today’s companies, the two actions must go hand in hand.Originality/valueMost studies on environmental orientation have focused on its relationship with technological innovation. In this sense, it is important to analyze its relationship with marketing innovation as well, as nowadays, when consumers are deciding between different companies’ products, they look for “companies with values.” Companies thus need to engage in environmentally oriented marketing innovation.
Integration of UTAUT model in internet banking adoption context
Authors: Rahi Samar , Othman Mansour Majeed Mustafa , Alghizzawi Mahmoud , Alnaser Feras Mi 
Published: September 2019

PurposeTechnology acceptance, especially internet banking adoption, has become a vital issue in the business world today. The potential of this technology is enormous. The purpose of this study is to ascertain determinants of internet banking adoption using unified theory of acceptance and use of technology (UTAUT) and electronic service (e-service) quality, which accounts for changes in user’s intention to adopt internet banking.Design/methodology/approachThe authors collected data from customers of commercial banks using structured questionnaires. The data were collected in four weeks in the beginning of September 2017. A two-stage approach of confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) and structural equation modeling (SEM) were used for data analysis.FindingsThe results reveal that integrated UTAUT model had significant influence on user intention to adopt internet banking. Findings of the SEM indicated that approximately 80 per cent of the variance in user intention to adopt internet banking was accounted by predictors. The study schematized that assurance is the most influential factor among all other technology and service quality factors. Additionally, performance expectancy and effort expectancy were found to be positive and significant mediator variables among website design, customer service and customer’s intention to adopt internet banking.Practical implicationsIt is recommended that both website designers and managers should focus on technology and service quality factors to boost the confidence of internet banking users. Importance performance matrix analysis suggested that managers should provide assurance to internet banking users, so that they could maintain a long-term relationship with internet banking services. The study calls researchers to test the integrated UTAUT model in other electronic commerce (e-commerce) domains such as online booking or online shopping websites.Originality/valueTo the best of author’s knowledge, this study is the first that extend the UTAUT model with four e-service quality dimensions, namely, website design, customer service, assurance and reliability to investigate user’s intention to adopt internet banking in developing country context of Pakistan. More importantly, the mediating role of performance expectancy and effort expectancy is examined first time within integrated UTAUT model. Furthermore, the integration of UTAUT model contributes to the advancement of internet banking acceptance and offers useful insights to researchers and policy-makers on how to enhance internet banking acceptance among customers of commercial banks.
Technology environment and crowdfunding platforms in Brazil
Authors: Lima Afonso , Araújo Francisco Fabiano Mapurunga 
Published: September 2019

Purpose
The purpose of this paper is to analyze the influence of the technological segment of the general environment in crowdfunding platforms’ operations in Brazil.

Design/methodology/approach
By means of a qualitative and exploratory approach, the research comprised the execution of a panel of experts via semi-structured interview scripts. For the data analysis, a content analysis with the software NVivo 9 was conducted.

Findings
One of the main results concerning this influence in the industry would be the expansion of internet access as key factor to scalability of operations and the use of analytics for developing markets. In addition, the cultural aspect emerges as facilitator for platforms access, thus the influence of technological segment cannot be analyzed without considering the cultural segment of the general environment.

Research limitations/implications
Research limitations relate to the qualitative approach; although valuable insights were obtained for strategic policy in crowdfunding platforms, generalization is not possible. Moreover, the limited number of experts in the panel who agreed to participate may have been an obstacle for richer results.

Practical implications
Among some implications to the strategic management of crowdfunding platforms in the country are investment prioritization in analytics, governance and transparency of operations and marketing. Analytics will enable more effective insertion in supporting communities and better selection strategies of projects with attributes of success; governance and marketing will aid platforms to reduce cultural resistance on the part of the potential users.

Social implications
Regulations regarding crowdfunding platforms as well as socio-cultural segment of the strategic environment are key aspects in fostering co-creation among participants and in bringing scale to crowdfunding operations; they may be mediated by technology. Thus, analytics along with marketing initiatives related to addressing shared practices in communities will have a significant impact on the adoption of crowdfunding. Furthermore, such task should be more intense than in developed economies where internet infrastructure and quality access are widespread.

Originality/value
Although various contributions have been made to the theme of crowdfunding, there has not been identified any paper addressing future influences of the strategic general environment, such as the technological segment, to the operations of crowdfunding platforms, especially in the Brazilian context.
How neighbourhood interactions control the temporal stability and resilience to drought of trees in mountain forests
Authors: Jourdan Marion , Kunstler Georges , Morin Xavier 
Published: September 2019

Abstract

Over the coming decades, the predicted increase in frequency and intensity of extreme events such as droughts is likely to have a strong effect on forest functioning. Recent studies have shown that species mixing may buffer the temporal variability of productivity. However, most studies have focused on temporal stability of productivity, while species mixing may also affect forest resilience to extreme events. Our understanding of mechanisms underlying species mixing effects on forest stability and resilience remains limited because we ignore how changes from intraspecific to interspecific interactions in the neighbourhood of a given tree might affect its stability and resilience to extreme drought (i.e. response during and after this drought). This is crucial to better understand forests’ response to climate change and how diversity may help maintain forest functioning.

Here we analysed how local intra‐ or interspecific interactions may affect the temporal stability and resilience to drought of individual trees in French mountain forests, using basal area increment data over the previous 20 years for Fagus sylvatica, Abies alba and Quercus pubescens. We analysed the effect of interspecific competition on (a) the temporal stability and (b) the resilience to drought (resistance and recovery) of individual tree radial growth.

We found no significant interspecific competition effect on temporal stability, but species‐specific effects on tree growth resilience to drought. There was a positive effect of heterospecific proportion on the drought resilience of Q. pubescens, a negative effect for A. alba and no effect for F. sylvatica. These differences may be related to interspecific differences in water use or rooting depth.

Synthesis: In this study, we showed that stand composition influences individual tree growth resilience to drought, but this effect varied depending on the species and its physiological responses. Our study also highlighted that a lack of biodiversity effect on long‐term stability might hide important effects on short‐term resilience to extreme climatic events. This may have important implications in the face of climate change.
Preparation and Characterization of Quercetin‐Loaded Zein Nanoparticles by Electrospraying and Study of In Vitro Bioavailability
Authors: Rodríguez‐Félix Francisco , Del‐Toro‐Sánchez Carmen Lizette , Javier Cinco‐Moroyoqui Francisco , Juárez Josué , Ruiz‐Cruz Saúl , López‐Ahumada Guadalupe Amanda , Carvajal‐Millan Elizabeth , Castro‐Enríquez Daniela Denisse , Barreras‐Urbina Carlos Gregorio , Tapia‐Hernández José Agustín 
Published: September 2019

AbstractQuercetin is a hydrophobic flavonoid with high antioxidant activity. However, for biological applications, the bioavailability of quercetin is low due to physiological barriers. For this reason, an alternative is the protection of quercetin in matrices of biopolymers as zein. The objective of this work was to prepare and characterize quercetin‐loaded zein nanoparticles by electrospraying and its study of in vitro bioavailability. The physicochemical parameters such as viscosity, density, and electrical conductivity of zein solutions showed a dependence of the ethanol concentration. In addition, rheological parameters demonstrated that solutions of zein in aqueous ethanol present Newtonian behavior, rebounding in the formation of nanoparticles by electrospraying, providing spherical, homogeneous, and compact morphologies, mainly at a concentration of 80% (v/v) of ethanol and of 5% (w/v) of zein. The size and shape of quercetin‐loaded zein nanoparticles were studied by transmission electron microscopy (TEM), observing that it was entrapped, distributed throughout the nanoparticle of zein. Analysis by Fourier transform‐infrared (FT‐IR) of zein nanoparticles loaded with quercetin revealed interactions via hydrogen bonds. The efficacy of zein nanoparticles to entrap quercetin was particularly high for all quercetin concentration evaluated in this work (87.9 ± 1.5% to 93.0 ± 2.6%). The in vitro gastrointestinal release of trapped quercetin after 240 min was 79.1%, while that for free quercetin was 99.2%. The in vitro bioavailability was higher for trapped quercetin (5.9%) compared to free quercetin (1.9%), than of gastrointestinal digestion. It is concluded, that the electrospraying technique made possible the obtention of quercitin‐loaded zein nanoparticles increasing their bioavailability.Practical ApplicationThis type of nanosystems can be used in the food and pharmaceutical industry. Quercetin‐loaded zein nanoparticles for its improvement compared to free quercetin can be used to decrease the prevalence of chronic degenerative diseases by increasing of the bioavailability of quercetin in the bloodstream. Other application can be as an antioxidant system in functional foods or oils to increase shelf life.
Terrestrial N2O emissions and related functional genes under climate change: A global meta‐analysis
Authors: Li Linfeng , Zheng Zhenzhen , Wang Weijin , Biederman Joel A. , Xu Xingliang , Ran Qinwei , Qian Ruyan , Xu Cong , Zhang Biao , Wang Fang , Zhou Shutong , Cui Lizhen , Che Rongxiao , Hao Yanbin , Cui Xiaoyong , Xu Zhihong , Wang Yanfen 
Published: September 2019

AbstractNitrous oxide (N2O) emissions from soil contribute to global warming and are in turn substantially affected by climate change. However, climate change impacts on N2O production across terrestrial ecosystems remain poorly understood. Here, we synthesized 46 published studies of N2O fluxes and relevant soil functional genes (SFGs, that is, archaeal amoA, bacterial amoA, nosZ, narG, nirK and nirS) to assess their responses to increased temperature, increased or decreased precipitation amounts, and prolonged drought (no change in total precipitation but increase in precipitation intervals) in terrestrial ecosystem (i.e. grasslands, forests, shrublands, tundra and croplands). Across the data set, temperature increased N2O emissions by 33%. However, the effects were highly variable across biomes, with strongest temperature responses in shrublands, variable responses in forests and negative responses in tundra. The warming methods employed also influenced the effects of temperature on N2O emissions (most effectively induced by open‐top chambers). Whole‐day or whole‐year warming treatment significantly enhanced N2O emissions, but daytime, nighttime or short‐season warming did not have significant effects. Regardless of biome, treatment method and season, increased precipitation promoted N2O emission by an average of 55%, while decreased precipitation suppressed N2O emission by 31%, predominantly driven by changes in soil moisture. The effect size of precipitation changes on nirS and nosZ showed a U‐shape relationship with soil moisture; further insight into biotic mechanisms underlying N2O emission response to climate change remain limited by data availability, underlying a need for studies that report SFG. Our findings indicate that climate change substantially affects N2O emission and highlights the urgent need to incorporate this strong feedback into most climate models for convincing projection of future climate change.