bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Quality of life after total laryngectomy: evaluating the effect of socioeconomic status
Authors: Scott A J , McGuire J K , Manning K , Leach L , Fagan J J 
Published: February 2019

AbstractObjectiveTotal laryngectomy is considered the primary treatment modality for advanced laryngeal carcinoma. This study assessed the quality of life in patients after total laryngectomy, and ascertained whether quality of life is affected by socioeconomic status.MethodForty-seven patients (20 state- and 27 private-sector) who underwent total laryngectomy between 1998 and 2014 responded to the University of Washington Quality of Life Questionnaire, the Voice-Related Quality of Life Questionnaire and the Brief Illness Perception Questionnaire.ResultsSignificant differences were found in socioeconomic status between state- and private-sector patients (p < 0.001). There was no significant difference in overall quality of life between groups (p = 0.210). State-sector patients scored significantly higher Voice-Related Quality of Life Questionnaire scores (p = 0.043). Perception of illness did not differ significantly between groups.ConclusionOverall quality of life after total laryngectomy appears to be similar in patients from different socioeconomic backgrounds. However, patients from lower socioeconomic circumstances have better voice-related quality of life. The results illustrate the importance of including socioeconomic status when reporting voice outcomes in total laryngectomy patients.
Public preferences for Zika policy and responsibility in the absence of partisan cues
Authors: Connolly Jennifer M. , Klofstad Casey , Uscinski Joseph , West Jonathan 
Published: February 2019

AbstractIn the absence of partisan ownership of an issue, what factors shape public preferences for federal, state and local policy action? The Zika virus provides a unique context in which to examine this question, as it is a new threat to public health in the United States and lacks clear partisan ownership. We examine (1) which Zika policies do citizens support, (2) at which level(s) of government and (3) what factors explain citizen assignment of policy responsibility to different levels of government? Using nationally representative survey data, we find that the three most popular policy responses to Zika are travel warnings, research funding and public education, with the federal government being the preferred policy actor. In the absence of clear partisan issue ownership, we find that Republicans are significantly more likely to prefer state policy action, while partisanship has no impact on public preferences for federal or local policy action.
UV harmonics generated on modulated targets irradiated by high-intensity laser pulses
Authors: Giesecke A. L. , Peth C. , Toncian T. , Willi O. , Cerchez M. 
Published: February 2019

AbstractThe generation of high-order harmonics in ultraviolet spectral range by targets of periodic modulation interacting with relativistic, high contrast laser pulse (Iλ2= 1020W/cm2· μm2) was investigated experimentally and numerically. The spectral intensity of the 2nd- and 3rd-order harmonic emission from grating of different periodicities (250, 410, and 480 nm) is presented. The enhancement of the 3rd harmonic order compared with 2nd was observed for a grating of 480 nm periodicity. The experimental results indicate the role of the grating periodicity on the emission efficiency of different higher order harmonics in the UV spectral range. The higher order harmonics are emitted at the grating surface separated from the specular reflection of the laser pulse, due of the interference effects. In addition, 2D numerical PIC simulations demonstrate a complex angular distribution of the higher harmonics (HH) spectral intensity and confirm the strong dependence of the HH efficiency of a specific order on the grating periodicity, as observed experimentally. These special features of the high harmonic emission by periodically modulated targets open the route toward the control of HH spectral composition and of the emission efficiency of the lower order harmonics.
Approximate Stiffness Modelling and Stiffness Defect Identification for a Heavy-load Parallel Manipulator
Authors: Fan Shuai , Fan Shouwen 
Published: February 2019

SummaryWhen using parallel manipulators as machine tools, their stiffness is an important factor in the quality of the produced products. This paper presents an overall approximate stiffness model for a heavy-load parallel manipulator, which considers the effects of actuator stiffness, joint clearance, joint contact deformation, and limb deformation. Based on the principle of virtual work and the introduced modified parameters, the proposed overall compliance matrix successfully takes four factors into a unified expression. To obtain the overall compliance matrix, the approximate stiffness models of the joint clearance, joint contact deformation, and limb deformation are given. In addition, by combining the statistical simulation including the random uncertainties and the proposed approximate stiffness models as the basis of the magnitudes for each random variable, an approach based on the expected trajectory and external load is also proposed for stiffness defect identification such that the estimation is more accurate and reliable. Finally, a numerical example of the 1PU+3UPS parallel manipulator and a discussion are presented to demonstrate the practicability of the proposed stiffness model and defect identification approach. After modifying the structure parameters of the defective components, the prototype experiences a significant stiffness improvement.
How do parents of school-aged children respond to their children's extending gestures?
Authors: WRAY Charlotte , SAUNDERS Natalie , FRAZIER NORBURY Courtenay 
Published: February 2019

AbstractGesture plays an important role in early language development, as how parents respond to their children's gestures may help to facilitate language acquisition. Less is known about whether parental responses facilitate language learning later in childhood and whether responses vary depending on children's language ability. This study explored parental responses to extending gestures in a sample of school-aged children (aged six to eight years) with developmental language disorder, low-language and educational concerns, and typically developing children. Overall there were no group differences in the types of responses parents provided to extending gestures. Parents predominantly responded with positive feedback but also displayed moderate proportions of verbal translations and clarification requests. Within the DLD group, the proportion of parent translations was negatively associated with language ability. Our finding suggests that parent responses serve to enhance communication and engage children in tasks, but there is limited evidence that they support new language learning at this age.
Protein intake and the risk of premenstrual syndrome
Authors: Houghton Serena C , Manson JoAnn E , Whitcomb Brian W , Hankinson Susan E , Troy Lisa M , Bigelow Carol , Bertone-Johnson Elizabeth R 
Published: February 2019

AbstractObjectiveTo examine the relationship between protein intake and the risk of incident premenstrual syndrome (PMS).DesignNested case–control study. FFQ were completed every 4 years during follow-up. Our main analysis assessed protein intake 2–4 years before PMS diagnosis (for cases) or reference year (for controls). Baseline (1991) protein intake was also assessed.SettingNurses’ Health Study II (NHS2), a large prospective cohort study of registered female nurses in the USA.ParticipantsParticipants were premenopausal women between the ages of 27 and 44 years (mean: 34 years), without diagnosis of PMS at baseline, without a history of cancer, endometriosis, infertility, irregular menstrual cycles or hysterectomy. Incident cases of PMS (n 1234) were identified by self-reported diagnosis during 14 years of follow-up and validated by questionnaire. Controls (n 2426) were women who did not report a diagnosis of PMS during follow-up and confirmed experiencing minimal premenstrual symptoms.ResultsIn logistic regression models adjusting for smoking, BMI, B-vitamins and other factors, total protein intake was not associated with PMS development. For example, the OR for women with the highest intake of total protein 2–4 years before their reference year (median: 103·6 g/d) v. those with the lowest (median: 66·6 g/d) was 0·94 (95 % CI 0·70, 1·27). Additionally, intakes of specific protein sources and amino acids were not associated with PMS. Furthermore, results substituting carbohydrates and fats for protein were also null.ConclusionsOverall, protein consumption was not associated with risk of developing PMS.
Assessment of the validity of multiple obesity indices compared with obesity-related co-morbidities
Authors: Myung Jaeeun , Jung Kyung Yoon , Kim Tae Hyun , Han Euna 
Published: February 2019

AbstractObjectiveThe aim of the present study was to compare selected obesity indicators with comprehensive health status.DesignThe study employed a pooled cross-sectional design.SettingBMI, waist circumference, waist-to-height ratio (WHtR) and body fat percentage were considered as indirect obesity indicators. The Edmonton Obesity Staging System (EOSS) was used as a composite indicator to comprehensively reflect obesity-related co-morbidities. Cohen’sκcoefficient was used to evaluate inter-measurement agreement for obesity. Conformity of indirect obesity indicators to the EOSS was assessed based on percentage agreement (proportion classified as obese and severely unhealthy as a result of obesity among the total sample), sensitivity (proportion classified as obese among individuals severely unhealthy as a result of obesity) and specificity (proportion classified as non-obese among fairly healthy individuals). Logistic regression analysis was used to identify the sociodemographic factors most strongly associated with conformity.ParticipantsThe study included 17338 adults from the Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination survey conducted between July 2008 and May 2011.ResultsLevel of conformity to the EOSS was highest for WHtR (60·77 %) and lowest for BMI (35·96 %). WHtR and BMI had the highest sensitivity (53·7 %) and specificity (98·4 %), respectively. Predictability of conformity was lower among men for all indirect obesity indicators.ConclusionsWHtR has the greatest potential to identify individuals at risk of health problems due to obesity. Individual demographic factors must be considered in selecting the most appropriate obesity measurement.
Beyond the Candelabra: The Liberace Show and the Remediation of Beethoven
Authors: SALINAS EDGARDO 
Published: February 2019

AbstractLiberace entered the sprawling scene of US pop culture in 1952 emceeing a TV show that initially garnered higher ratings than I Love Lucy. The Liberace Show presented staples of the classical piano repertoire in abridged versions that cut the “dull parts” and liberally added orchestrations. Liberace's heterodox practices outraged prominent music critics, who soon deemed him the very incarnation of kitsch. Turning from aesthetic criticism to an archaeological analysis of media, I discuss the show's presentation of classical music, taking as its main case study Liberace's iconoclastic rendition of Beethoven's “Tempest” sonata, and examine it through the theory of remediation advanced by Jay David Bolter and Richard Grusin. Analyzing archival videos, I show how the alterations exerted on the musical text were inextricably tied to the telegenic mise-en-scènes staged for each episode while situating them in the new media landscape that emerged in the 1950s. The show remediated not only the pieces Liberace performed but also his own TV persona to nurture an intimate bond with home viewers who became captivated by the host's enchanting presence. I contend that Liberace's remediations drastically collapsed the specificity of performance medium that modern critics construed to be immanent to the musical work. This collapse entailed a proliferation of musical and audiovisual media that afforded Liberace's devoted viewers an alluring experience of immediacy and ultimately retrieved the domestic intimacy that had been integral to the genealogy of the piano sonata.
Reconstructing the History of Motown Session Musicians: The Carol Kaye/James Jamerson Controversy
Authors: WRIGHT BRIAN F. 
Published: February 2019

AbstractMotown Records churned out hit singles with remarkable efficiency, thanks largely to a stable of skilled professional session musicians. However, exactly who played on their most iconic recordings remains a mystery because, as was standard within the music industry, no Motown release in the 1960s credited these musicians for their work. These practices have led to conflicting accounts, the most famous of which concerns bassists James Jamerson and Carol Kaye. To this day, Kaye alleges that she played on numerous classic Motown recordings but has been purposefully omitted from Motown history. Conversely, Jamerson—who died more than thirty years ago—continues to be vehemently defended by acolytes such as biographer Allan Slutsky, who see Kaye's claims as blasphemous. Drawing on previously unexamined sources, this article reconstructs Kaye's involvement with Motown and, in so doing, reevaluates the merits of the Kaye/Jamerson controversy. Building on the work of Andrew Flory, I explore the role of session musicians in Motown's creative process and argue that critics and fans have propagated a problematic discourse in which Jamerson has been valorized and Kaye has been dismissed. Ultimately, Kaye's story not only provides a useful corrective to the historical record, it also demonstrates the need for further research into session musicians’ contributions to popular music.
PBK, targeted by EVI1, promotes metastasis and confers cisplatin resistance through inducing autophagy in high-grade serous ovarian carcinoma
Authors: Ma Hanlin , Li Yingwei , Wang Xiangxiang , Wu Huan , Qi Gonghua , Li Rongrong , Yang Ning , Gao Min , Yan Shi , Yuan Cunzhong , Kong Beihua 
Published: February 2019

AbstractHigh-grade serous ovarian carcinoma (HGSOC) is the most lethal type of gynecologic malignancy. Chemoresistance is the main reason for the poor prognosis of HGSOC. PDZ-binding kinase (PBK) promotes the malignant progression of various carcinomas. However, the roles and clinical significance of PBK in HGSOC remain unclear. Here, we reported that PBK was overexpressed in HGSOC tissues and cell lines. High PBK expression was associated with a poor prognosis, metastasis, and cisplatin resistance of HGSOC. Overexpression of PBK promoted autophagy and enhanced cisplatin resistance via the ERK/mTOR signaling pathway. Further study showed that inhibition of autophagy by chloroquine or bafilomycin A1 reversed PBK-induced cisplatin resistance. Overexpression of PBK decreased ovarian cancer responsiveness to cisplatin treatment through inducing autophagy in vivo. We also demonstrated that the PBK inhibitor OTS514 augmented the growth inhibition effect of cisplatin in vitro and in vivo. Moreover, ecotropic viral integration site-1 (EVI1) could regulate PBK expression through directly targeting the PBK promoter region. In conclusion, high PBK expression was correlated with a poor prognosis, metastasis, and cisplatin resistance through promoting autophagy in HGSOC. PBK might be a promising target for the early diagnosis and individual treatment of ovarian cancer.
Intravenous treatment of choroidal neovascularization by photo-targeted nanoparticles
Authors: Wang Yanfei , Liu Chi-Hsiu , Ji Tianjiao , Mehta Manisha , Wang Weiping , Marino Elizabeth , Chen Jing , Kohane Daniel S. 
Published: February 2019

AbstractChoroidal neovascularization (CNV) is the major cause of vision loss in wet age-related macular degeneration (AMD). Current therapies require repeated intravitreal injections, which are painful and can cause infection, bleeding, and retinal detachment. Here we develop nanoparticles (NP-[CPP]) that can be administered intravenously and allow local drug delivery to the diseased choroid via light-triggered targeting. NP-[CPP] is formed by PEG-PLA chains modified with a cell penetrating peptide (CPP). Attachment of a DEACM photocleavable group to the CPP inhibits cellular uptake of NP-[CPP]. Irradiation with blue light cleaves DEACM from the CPP, allowing the CPP to migrate from the NP core to the surface, rendering it active. In mice with laser-induced CNV, intravenous injection of NP-[CPP] coupled to irradiation of the eye allows NP accumulation in the neovascular lesions. When loaded with doxorubicin, irradiated NP-[CPP] significantly reduces neovascular lesion size. We propose a strategy for non-invasive treatment of CNV and enhanced drug accumulation specifically in diseased areas of the eye.
Siderophore-inspired chelator hijacks uranium from aqueous medium
Authors: Ivanov Alexander S. , Parker Bernard F. , Zhang Zhicheng , Aguila Briana , Sun Qi , Ma Shengqian , Jansone-Popova Santa , Arnold John , Mayes Richard T. , Dai Sheng , Bryantsev Vyacheslav S. , Rao Linfeng , Popovs Ilja 
Published: February 2019

AbstractOver millennia, nature has evolved an ability to selectively recognize and sequester specific metal ions by employing a wide variety of supramolecular chelators. Iron-specific molecular carriers—siderophores—are noteworthy for their structural elegance, while exhibiting some of the strongest and most selective binding towards a specific metal ion. Development of simple uranyl (UO22+) recognition motifs possessing siderophore-like selectivity, however, presents a challenge. Herein we report a comprehensive theoretical, crystallographic and spectroscopic studies on the UO22+ binding with a non-toxic siderophore-inspired chelator, 2,6-bis[hydroxy(methyl)amino]-4-morpholino-1,3,5-triazine (H2BHT). The optimal pKa values and structural preorganization endow H2BHT with one of the highest uranyl binding affinity and selectivity among molecular chelators. The results of small-molecule standards are validated by a proof-of-principle development of the H2BHT-functionalized polymeric adsorbent material that affords high uranium uptake capacity even in the presence of competing vanadium (V) ions in aqueous medium.
Sphingolipid-dependent Dscam sorting regulates axon segregation
Authors: Goyal Gaurav , Zheng Junfeng , Adam Elisabeth , Steffes Georg , Jain Mamta , Klavins Kristaps , Hummel Thomas 
Published: February 2019

AbstractNeurons are highly polarized cells with distinct protein compositions in axonal and dendritic compartments. Cellular mechanisms controlling polarized protein sorting have been described for mature nervous system but little is known about the segregation in newly differentiated neurons. In a forward genetic screen for regulators of Drosophila brain circuit development, we identified mutations in SPT, an evolutionary conserved enzyme in sphingolipid biosynthesis. Here we show that reduced levels of sphingolipids in SPT mutants cause axonal morphology defects similar to loss of cell recognition molecule Dscam. Loss- and gain-of-function studies show that neuronal sphingolipids are critical to prevent aggregation of axonal and dendritic Dscam isoforms, thereby ensuring precise Dscam localization to support axon branch segregation. Furthermore, SPT mutations causing neurodegenerative HSAN-I disorder in humans also result in formation of stable Dscam aggregates and axonal branch phenotypes in Drosophila neurons, indicating a causal link between developmental protein sorting defects and neuronal dysfunction.
Patients with basal ganglia damage show preserved learning in an economic game
Authors: Zhu Lusha , Jiang Yaomin , Scabini Donatella , Knight Robert T. , Hsu Ming 
Published: February 2019

AbstractBoth basal ganglia (BG) and orbitofrontal cortex (OFC) have been widely implicated in social and non-social decision-making. However, unlike OFC damage, BG pathology is not typically associated with disturbances in social functioning. Here we studied the behavior of patients with focal lesions to either BG or OFC in a multi-strategy competitive game known to engage these regions. We find that whereas OFC patients are significantly impaired, BG patients show intact learning in the economic game. By contrast, when information about the strategic context is absent, both cohorts are significantly impaired. Computational modeling further shows a preserved ability in BG patients to learn by anticipating and responding to the behavior of others using the strategic context. These results suggest that apparently divergent findings on BG contribution to social decision-making may instead reflect a model where higher-order learning processes are dissociable from trial-and-error learning, and can be preserved despite BG damage.
Solving the electronic structure problem with machine learning
Authors: Chandrasekaran Anand , Kamal Deepak , Batra Rohit , Kim Chiho , Chen Lihua , Ramprasad Rampi 
Published: February 2019

AbstractSimulations based on solving the Kohn-Sham (KS) equation of density functional theory (DFT) have become a vital component of modern materials and chemical sciences research and development portfolios. Despite its versatility, routine DFT calculations are usually limited to a few hundred atoms due to the computational bottleneck posed by the KS equation. Here we introduce a machine-learning-based scheme to efficiently assimilate the function of the KS equation, and by-pass it to directly, rapidly, and accurately predict the electronic structure of a material or a molecule, given just its atomic configuration. A new rotationally invariant representation is utilized to map the atomic environment around a grid-point to the electron density and local density of states at that grid-point. This mapping is learned using a neural network trained on previously generated reference DFT results at millions of grid-points. The proposed paradigm allows for the high-fidelity emulation of KS DFT, but orders of magnitude faster than the direct solution. Moreover, the machine learning prediction scheme is strictly linear-scaling with system size.
Comprehensive measurements of hydroxylinoleate and hydroxyarachidonate isomers in blood samples from primary open-angle glaucoma patients and controls
Authors: Umeno Aya , Tanito Masaki , Kaidzu Sachiko , Takai Yasuyuki , Horie Masanori , Yoshida Yasukazu 
Published: February 2019

AbstractWe previously reported that lower systemic antioxidant capacity is involved in primary open-angle glaucoma (POAG) and exfoliation syndrome pathogeneses as measured by ferric-reducing activity. In the present study, we measured hydroxylinoleate (HODE) and hydroxyarachidonate (HETE) isomer serum levels after sample reduction and saponification to investigate POAG pathogenesis. POAG patients (n = 198) were recruited and divided into normal- and high-tension glaucoma groups (n = 84 and 114, respectively) depending on intraocular pressure. Total HODE (/linoleic acid) and HETE (/arachidonic acid) serum levels were significantly higher in the POAG group (211.9 ± 143.0 and 181.0 ± 164.1 µmol/mol, respectively) than in controls (167.1 ± 105.2 and 132.5 ± 139.7 µmol/mol, p = 0.0025 and 0.0101, respectively). The associations between HODEs/HETEs and glaucoma were further confirmed by multivariate analyses after adjusting for differences in demographic parameters. Among the HODE isomers, the levels of 9- and 13-(Z,E)-HODEs (p = 0.0014) and singlet oxygen-specific products (i.e., 10- and 12-(Z,E)-HODEs, p = 0.0345) were higher in the POAG group than in controls, while free radical-mediated oxidation-specific products (i.e., 9- and 13-(E,E)-HODEs, p = 0.0557) demonstrated a marginal difference. Enzymatic and singlet oxygen-mediated fatty acid oxidation may be major pathways of oxidation process in glaucoma subjects.