bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Insights on dynamic structural characteristics responsible for catalysis efficiency of protein disulfide isomerase through substrate interaction studies
Authors: Kumaran Selvapriya , sanyasi Chandrasekar , Muthuvel Suresh Kumar 
Published: November 2024

AbstractProtein Disulfide Isomerase (PDI) dynamic behaviour upon substrate interaction is discussed for structural characteristics investigation. Two different Peptide substrates hydrophobicity and disulfide interaction are chosen. The molecular docking is done by Discovery Studios 3.1 and HADDOCK v2.2, followed by molecular dynamics studies done by GROMACS 5.0.5 (AMBER force filed), and finally, protein domain motion is analysed by DynDom, which gives detailed insights on possible conformation changes in PDI while encountering a substrate. The analysis of obtained points out that, each peptide substrate displayed a unique set of interaction patterns and secondary structural elements fluctuations in PDI. Substrate binding made the C-terminal half of the molecule (b’ and a’ domain) rigid and the N-terminal half (b and a domain) flexible. PDI-Peptide complexes provide key insights into PDI with substrate interaction. b’ domain makes adjustments to the original conformation for stable PDI-Substrate complexes. This triggers disarray in the conformation of the entire protein. The results exposed the structural mechanism through which the reduced form of PDI undergoes metamorphosis into oxidized form by connecting two renowned crystal structures.
Mechanism of the Warburg effect and its role in breast cancer immunotherapy
Authors: Saheed Emmanuel Saviour , Aromolaran Remilekun Florence , Atoyebi Abisola Deborah , Adeleke Fehintoluwa Celestina , Otuyalo Adewunmi Ifeoluwa , Edozie Princewill Kingsley 
Published: November 2024

AbstractBreast cancer remains a significant global health concern affecting millions of women annually. An essential aspect of this disease is the Warburg effect, which is a metabolic characteristic exhibited in cancer cells. It involves an elevated uptake of glucose and the diversion of glycolytic intermediates toward alternative pathways that facilitate anabolic activities. This distinctive metabolic change sustains rapid cell division and survival, establishing a conducive environment for tumor expansion and spread, altering the tumor microenvironment, fostering immune evasion, angiogenesis, and resistance to treatments. Studying the Warburg effect presents a promising opportunity in the fight against breast cancer. Exploring the relationship between the Warburg effect and immune responses is a promising prospect for immunotherapy, to reinstate the body's inherent capacity to combat cancer. The Warburg effect has provided valuable insights into the management of nonaggressive breast cancer subtypes. This review examines the complex mechanisms of the Warburg effect and its impact on breast cancer treatment. This review discusses innovative strategies to suppress this effect to improve the management and fight against this destructive disease.
Aegeomania
Authors: Momigliano Nicoletta 
Published: November 2024

This Element provides an overview of Aegeomania: the fascination, sometimes bordering on the obsession, with the Aegean Bronze Age, which manifests itself in the uses of Aegean Bronze Age material culture to create something new in literature, the visual and performing arts, and many other cultural practices. It discusses the role that Aegeomania can play in our understanding of the Aegean Bronze Age and illustrates this with examples from the 1870s to the present, which include, among many others, poems by Emma Lazarus, Salvatore Quasimodo, and Giorgos Seferis; novels by Kristmann Gudmundsson, Mary Renault, Don DeLillo, Zeruya Shalev, and Sally Rooney; Freudian psychoanalysis; sculptures by Henry Moore and Pablo Picasso; music by Harrison Birtwistle and the rock band Giant Squid; films by Robert Wise and Wolfang Petersen; elegant textiles and garments created by Josef Frank and Karl Lagerfeld. This title is also available as Open Access on Cambridge Core.
Avoiding Moral Commitment
Authors: TUCKER MILES 
Published: November 2024

ABSTRACT
I argue that relaxed moral realists are not ontologically committed to moral properties. Regardless of whether we tie ontological commitment to quantification, entailment, or truthmaking, if moral properties are not explanatory (as relaxed realists claim), then moral truths do not require moral properties. This permits a nominalist form of relaxed realism that is both simpler and more ecumenical than extant formulations. The possibility of such a position places pressure on the ontology of competing views—and helps focus attention on the critical and underexplored explanatory element of the relaxed realist’s program.
Antibiogram pattern of Enterococcus species among urinary tract-infected patients visiting tertiary care hospital in Karnataka, India
Authors: Bhat Sujatha , Gunawardana Dushan Uvindu , Boparai Delisha Kaur , Bamunusinghe Tharinya Kasundie , Krishanth Kavin , Premakrishna Aarabi , Narasimhaswamy Nagalakshmi 
Published: November 2024

Abstract

Background:
During the past several decades, enterococci are emerging as an important cause of healthcare-associated infections. They have developed resistance to various antimicrobials previously used for the treatment of urinary tract infections (UTIs). This study was aimed to determine the prevalence of Enterococcus species among urinary tract-infected patients in a tertiary care hospital, in Karnataka, India.

Material and Methods:
We have analyzed 4341 culture-positive urine samples received by microbiology laboratory during the year 2021. The bacterial identification was done by matrix-assisted laser desorption ionization-time of flight mass spectrometry. The antibiotic sensitivity was tested by automated VITEK-2® COMPACT (bioMérieux) system.

Results:
Among 4341 culture-positive samples, Enterococcal species were isolated from 159 samples. A total of 64.7% of the isolates were identified as Enterococcus faecalis and 28.3% of the strains as Enterococcus faecium. All the enterococci were sensitive to linezolid, teicoplanin, and vancomycin, whereas 59.1%, 30.9%, and 23.3% of the strains exhibited resistance to high-level gentamicin, benzylpenicillin, and nitrofurantoin, respectively. 33.67 % of the isolates were identified as multidrug-resistant (MDR) strains as they exhibited resistance to high-level gentamicin, benzylpenicillin, and nitrofurantoin.

Conclusion:
Our study shows the prevalence of Enterococcus faecalis and high-level gentamicin-resistant enterococcal strains. The MDR pattern of enterococci requires careful consideration of antimicrobial therapy to treat UTIs. The reserved drugs such as linezolid, vancomycin, and teicoplanin should be cautiously used for the treatment of enterococcal UTI.
Clinical decision support in the electronic health record: a primer for antimicrobial stewards and infection preventionists: work smarter so end users don’t work harder
Authors: Smith Mary Rochelle , Lee Julie J. , Holubar Marisa , Salinas Jorge L. , Sampson Mindy M. , Medford Richard J. , Chang Amy 
Published: November 2024

Abstract

Objective:
Computerized clinical decision support (CDS) assists healthcare professionals in making decisions to improve patient care. In the realms of antimicrobial stewardship (ASP) and infection prevention (IP) programs, CDS interventions can play a crucial role in optimizing antibiotic prescribing practices, reducing healthcare-associated infections, and promoting diagnostic stewardship when optimally designed. This primer article aims to provide ASP and IP professionals with a practical framework for the development, design, and evaluation of CDS interventions.

Setting:
Large academic medical center design: Established frameworks of CDS evaluation, “Five Rights” of CDS and the “Ten Commandments of Effective Clinical Decision Support”, were applied to two real-world examples of CDS tools, a Vancomycin Best Practice Advisory and a Clostridioides Difficile order panel, to demonstrate a structured approach to developing and enhancing the functionality of ASP/IP CDS interventions to promote efficacy and reduce unintended consequences of CDS.

Conclusions:
By outlining a structured approach for the development and evaluation of CDS interventions, with focus on end user engagement, efficiency and feasibility, ASP and IP professionals can leverage CDS to enhance IP/ASP quality improvement initiatives aimed to improve antibiotic utilization, diagnostic stewardship, and adherence to IP protocols.
Healthcare-associated viral respiratory infections at a Canadian tertiary pediatric hospital: a seven-year retrospective analysis
Authors: Silverberg Sarah L , Clarke Megan , Streitenberger Laurie , Brown Kevin , Campigotto Aaron , Science Michelle 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
Healthcare-associated viral respiratory infections (HA-VRIs) in a pediatric hospital decreased from 1.44 per 1000 patient days in 2019–0.43 and 0.38 in 2020–2021 during the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic but increased to 1.35 in 2022. The increase in HA-VRIs in 2022 coincided with the rise in community circulation of these organisms.
Creating a plasma coordination center to support COVID-19 outpatient trials across a national network of hospital blood banks
Authors: Yarava Anusha , Marshall Christi , Reichert David E. , Ye Aaron , Khanal Preeti , Robbins Sanford H. , Sachais Bruce S. , Oh David , Metcalf Ryan A. , Conry-Cantilena Kathleen , King Karen , Reyes Meredith , Adamski Jill , Marques Marisa B. , Tran Minh-Ha , Allen Elizabeth S. , Pach Daniel , Blumberg Neil , Hobbs Rhonda , Nash Tammon , Shenoy Aarthi G. , Mosnaim Giselle S. , Fukuta Yuriko , Patel Bela , Heath Sonya L. , Levine Adam C. , Meisenberg Barry R. , Anjan Shweta , Huaman Moises A. , Blair Janis E. , Currier Judith S. , Paxton James H. , Rausch William , Oei Kevin , Abinante Matthew , Forthal Donald N. , Zand Martin S. , Kassaye Seble G. , Cachay Edward R. , Gebo Kelly A. , Shoham Shmuel , Casadevall Arturo , McBee Nichol A. , Amirault Daniel , Wang Ying , Hopkins Erica , Shade David M. , Layendecker Oliver , Klein Sabra L. , Park Han-Sol , Lee John S. , Caturegli Patrizio , Raval Jay S. , Cruser Daniel , Ziman Alyssa F. , Gerber Jonathan , Gniadek Thomas J. , Bloch Evan M. , Tobian Aaron A.R. , Hanley Daniel F. , Sullivan David J. , Lane Karen ,   the CSSC (COVID 19 Serologic Studies Consortium) group
Published: November 2024

Abstract

Introduction:
In response to the COVID-19 pandemic, we rapidly implemented a plasma coordination center, within two months, to support transfusion for two outpatient randomized controlled trials. The center design was based on an investigational drug services model and a Food and Drug Administration-compliant database to manage blood product inventory and trial safety.

Methods:
A core investigational team adapted a cloud-based platform to randomize patient assignments and track inventory distribution of control plasma and high-titer COVID-19 convalescent plasma of different blood groups from 29 donor collection centers directly to blood banks serving 26 transfusion sites.

Results:
We performed 1,351 transfusions in 16 months. The transparency of the digital inventory at each site was critical to facilitate qualification, randomization, and overnight shipments of blood group-compatible plasma for transfusions into trial participants. While inventory challenges were heightened with COVID-19 convalescent plasma, the cloud-based system, and the flexible approach of the plasma coordination center staff across the blood bank network enabled decentralized procurement and distribution of investigational products to maintain inventory thresholds and overcome local supply chain restraints at the sites.

Conclusion:
The rapid creation of a plasma coordination center for outpatient transfusions is infrequent in the academic setting. Distributing more than 3,100 plasma units to blood banks charged with managing investigational inventory across the U.S. in a decentralized manner posed operational and regulatory challenges while providing opportunities for the plasma coordination center to contribute to research of global importance. This program can serve as a template in subsequent public health emergencies.
Who Plays an Important Role for Information Networks of COVID-19 in Latin America?
Authors: Yum Seungil 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
This study highlights key players for COVID-19 in Brazil, Peru, Colombia, Chile, Argentina, and Ecuador by employing social network analysis for Twitter. This study finds that key players in Latin America play various roles in COVID-19 social networks, differing from country to country. For example, Brazil has no Latin key players, whereas Colombia and Ecuador have 8 Latin key players in the top 10 key players. Secondly, the role of governmental key players also varies across different countries. For instance, Peru, Chile, Argentina, and Ecuador have the governmental key player as the top key player, whereas Brazil and Colombia have the news media key player as the first. Thirdly, each country shows different social networks according to groups. For instance, Colombia exhibits the most open social networks among groups, whereas Brazil shows the most closed social networks among the 6 Latin countries. Fourthly, several top tweeters are common across the 6 Latin American countries. For example, Peru and Colombia have caraotadigital (Venezuelan news media), and Chile and Argentina have extravzla (Venezuelan news media) as the top tweeter.
Religion, identity, and party preference: the role of Catholicism in the 2022 Italian national elections
Authors: Piacentini Francesco , Molteni Francesco , Maraffi Marco 
Published: November 2024

AbstractThis paper contributes to the debate on the role of religiosity in party competition in democratic political systems by analyzing the role of religious practice and belonging in the 2022 Italian elections. By using the newest Italian National Election Studies dataset, we combine indicators of both religious affiliation and practice to show how the electorates of the main Italian parties are composed in terms of voters' religiosity, to highlight how these differences influence the probability to vote for each of those parties and to further investigate the relationship between religious affiliation/practice and voting behavior. Results show the emergence of an increasingly identity-based relationship between religiosity and vote within the Italian context. We find that religiosity – in the form of Catholic affiliation – maintains a direct effect on vote choice which is also partially mediated by attitudinal indicators, such as those toward immigration, homosexuality, and abortion. We conclude that party competition in Italy is mainly fueled by identity dynamics – and less on religious practice or beliefs – concerning the whole group of those who identify as Catholics opposed to the group of those who do not.
Identification of a Terminal Classic Maya Fine Ware Production Center in the Upper Usumacinta River Drainage, Chiapas, Mexico
Authors: Schroder Whittaker , Jiménez Álvarez Socorro del Pilar , Macedo Córdova Brenda Fernanda , Avilés Arjona Ariadna Naomi , Lara Bolaños Guillermo , Ramiro Talavera Moisés Yerath , Godos González Fernando 
Published: November 2024

AbstractThe archaeological study of craft production investigates the role of household activities in broader social and political networks. In the Maya area, the production and distribution of ceramics, especially prestige ceramics including polychrome and fine ware pottery, relate to broader transformations in Maya society from the Classic to Terminal Classic periods. However, direct evidence for ceramic production in the form of kilns, workshops, or associated detritus can be elusive. We report the identification, excavation, and preliminary analysis of a large deposit of fine paste ceramics, including sherds representative of the Fine Orange and Fine Gray wares in the type-variety system of Maya ceramics, from a household group at the archaeological site of Benemérito de las Américas Primera Sección, located near the confluence of the Lacantún and Usumacinta Rivers. Discarded ceramics from this context exhibit several signs of overfiring consistent with pottery production. This deposit challenges notions of functional versus symbolic activity, as the members of this household used this deposit to dedicate a group of three burials accompanied by offerings including a figurine ensemble. We discuss the implications for this deposit in the context of economic shifts taking place across the Maya Lowlands during this period.
Balancing the scales: Including under-represented herptile species in a One Health approach
Authors: Hopkins Camille , Lesbarrères David , Claunch Natalie , Emmenegger Eveline , Hardy Bennett , Torres-Sánchez María , Stark Tariq , Julian Angela , McGrath-Blaser Sarah , Parker-Graham Christine A. , Haman Katie , Morgan Ashley , Miller Debra L. 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
The One Health High-Level Expert Panel’s definition of One Health includes optimizing the health of people, animals (wild and domestic) and ecosystems. For many One Health practitioners, wildlife that can spread zoonoses are the focus, particularly if they can come in contact with people. However, ecosystem health is often best-indicated by less-encountered species, for instance, amphibians and reptiles. This review highlights how these taxa can benefit human health and well-being, including cultural significance, as well as their impact on plant, animal and environmental health. We highlight current challenges to the health of these species and the need to include them in the One Health Joint Action Plan. We conclude with a call to action for inclusion of amphibians and reptiles in a One Health approach.
At the same age, metallicity, and alpha-enhancement, sodium is a more effective tracer of the young and old sequences of the Milky Way disc
Authors: Owusu Evans Kojo , Buder Sven , Ruiter Ashley J. , Seitenzahl Ivo Rolf , Rodriguez-Segovia Nicolas 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
Trends in elemental enrichment with stellar age can give us a powerful avenue to identify thus far unexplained origin sites of the elements. We investigate stellar abundance trends using the GALAH DR3 high-resolution spectroscopic dataset of 6 234 solar-type stars. Our study explores the elemental abundance [X/Fe] of sodium (Na) with stellar age. We find a pronounced enrichment in [Na/Fe] at super solar metallicity (i.e. [Fe/H]

$ \gt \,0$

) in the old sequence of Milky Way disc stars, a trend demanding a deeper understanding of the underlying source(s) responsible for the nucleosynthesis. This progressive [Na/Fe] enrichment at the young end of the old sequence has essential implications for Galactic archaeology. In this work, we propose a novel selection technique for separating the Milky Way’s thick and thin disc stellar populations (i.e. old and young sequences) based on the observed [Na/Fe] rise of

$\sim$

0.1 dex for stars around 5–8 Gyr old. We also compare our selection method to the conventional [Mg/Fe] vs. [Fe/H] selection approach, and we find that our new Na-based selection method better disentangles the overlap between young- and old-sequence disc stars at these intermediate ages. This is especially true at super solar [Fe/H], where the [Mg/Fe] vs. [Fe/H] or [

$\alpha$

/Fe] vs. [Fe/H] separation approaches exhibit significant overlap. This new selection method should help us better understand the history of the formation of the Milky Way disc.
Proxies and partial connections in an anthropologist's archive
Authors: Arzyutov Dmitry V. , Anderson David G. 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
This article examines the role of primary ethnographic materials – of field notes, letters and photographs – and even of the shelves and bookcases – in building accounts of the human condition. We trace the lives of incomplete and not-yet-found manuscripts, which have been treated as representative of whole archives, as well as closely held convictions and ideas in the history of anthropology. In so doing, we employ the notion of a ‘proxy’, or a set of signs and images which point the audience in particular directions, without determining their overall destination. Our research is based on a few episodes from the histories of paper and digital copies of manuscripts and photographs of the anthropological couple Sergei and Elizabeth Shirokogoroff, who conducted ethnographic, linguistic and some archaeological research, first on the borderlands between China and Russia, and then later within China. We aim to show the complexity and social and intellectual vibrancy of their ethnographic field archives, which have been scattered across countries, institutions and personal collections. We conclude by suggesting that engaging anthropologically with field archives enables us to approach existing perspectives on archives in a new way, viewing them not as containers of catalogued information, but as entanglements reflecting social relations in local communities, the trajectories of ethnographers, and the aspirations of scholars asking questions today.
The effect of folate deficiency and different doses of folic acid supplementation on liver diseases
Authors: Ma Huan , Liu Hui , Yang Yu-ting , Han Mei , Jiang Chun-meng 
Published: November 2024

AbstractThe liver has multiple functions such as detoxification, metabolism, synthesis and storage. Folate is a water-soluble vitamin B9, which participates in one-carbon transfer reactions, maintains methylation capacity and improves oxidative stress. Folic acid is a synthetic form commonly used as a dietary supplement. The liver is the main organ for storing and metabolising folate/folic acid, and the role of folate/folic acid in liver diseases has been widely studied. Deficiency of folate results in methylation capacity dysfunction and can induce liver disorders. However, adverse effects of excessive use of folic acid on the liver have also been reported. This review aims to explore the mechanism of folate/folic acid in different liver diseases, promote further research on folate/folic acid and contribute to its rational clinical application.
Reforming Ethiopian Bilateral Investment Treaties in Line with Domestic Development Policies: Challenges, Prospects and Simplified Reform Options
Authors: Mekonnen Seid Demeke , Asmelash Henok 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
This article examines the alignment of bilateral investment treaties (BITs) with domestic development policies. The analysis reveals the presence of considerable disparity between Ethiopian BITs and the country's domestic development policies and the importance of ensuring consistency between the two. The potential options to resolve this disparity can be combined on a case-by-case basis, depending on different challenges, such as bargaining power, political commitment, procedural requirements and resistance from other treaty partners. The changing dynamics of global politics and the growing backlash against BITs have created a conducive environment for such reform.