bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Nursing care to patients who have the home as the preferred place of death: a scoping review
Authors: Sørstrøm Anne Kristine , Kymre Ingjerd Gåre , Ludvigsen Mette Spliid 
Published: October 2024

Abstract
Background
The existing literature on nursing care for patients who choose home as their preferred place of death is scattered and lacks a coherent overview. This scoping review aimed to explore and categorize the available evidence on how nurses provide care for patients preferring to die at home.

Methods
Studies that included nurses and were focused on nursing care for patients who choose the home as their preferred place of death were included in the review. The scoping review considered studies with quantitative, qualitative, or mixed method designs; systematic reviews; and meta-analyses. No time restrictions were added. Key information sources were Medline, CINAHL (EBSCO), Scopus (Elsevier) and Google Scholar. Systematic reviews were searched for in the Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews. Unpublished studies and grey literature were searched for in ProQuest Dissertations and Theses. The reference list of the studies included was searched.

Results
A total of 13 studies were deemed eligible for inclusion in the review, of which (n = 11) were qualitative and (n = 2) were both qualitative and quantitative. The studies were published between 2008 and 2023 and were conducted in the United Kingdom (n = 5), Norway (n = 4), Australia, Sweden, Canada and Japan. The studies included in this review highlighted issues of competence, resource limitations, flexibility as a coping mechanism, as well as collaboration and family caregivers.

Conclusions
This review identified significant challenges in delivering nursing care for patients who prefer to die at home, including staff shortages, resource limitations, and educational deficiencies. Despite these barriers, nurses showed a strong commitment to patient care, highlighting the need for increased support and collaboration with family caregivers to improve home-based end-of-life care.

Implications for research
To improve care for patients who wish to die at home, it is crucial to address staff shortages and enhance nurse training to close knowledge gaps and ensure consistent, high-quality care. Healthcare systems must also allocate adequate resources to ensure that nurses have the necessary tools to deliver safe and effective care in home settings. Strengthening interdisciplinary collaboration will further enhance patient outcomes by supporting both nurses and family caregivers in end-of-life care.
Health Catch-UP!: a realist evaluation of an innovative multi-disease screening and vaccination tool in UK primary care for at-risk migrant patients
Authors: Carter Jessica , Goldsmith Lucy P. , Knights Felicity , Deal Anna , Jayakumar Subash , Crawshaw Alison F. , Seedat Farah , Aspray Nathaniel , Zenner Dominik , Harris Philippa , Ciftci Yusuf , Wurie Fatima , Majeed Azeem , Harris Tess , Matthews Philippa , Hall Rebecca , Requena-Mendez Ana , Hargreaves Sally 
Published: October 2024

Abstract
Background
Migrants to the UK face disproportionate risk of infections, non-communicable diseases, and under-immunisation compounded by healthcare access barriers. Current UK migrant screening strategies are unstandardised with poor implementation and low uptake. Health Catch-UP! is a collaboratively produced digital clinical decision support system that applies current guidelines (UKHSA and NICE) to provide primary care professionals with individualised multi-disease screening (7 infectious diseases/blood-borne viruses, 3 chronic parasitic infections, 3 non-communicable disease or risk factors) and catch-up vaccination prompts for migrant patients.

Methods
We carried out a mixed-methods process evaluation of Health Catch-UP! in two urban primary healthcare practices to integrate Health Catch-UP! into the electronic health record system of primary care, using the Medical Research Council framework for complex intervention evaluation. We collected quantitative data (demographics, patients screened, disease detection and catch-up vaccination rates) and qualitative participant interviews to explore acceptability and feasibility.

Results
Ninety-nine migrants were assessed by Health Catch-UP! across two sites (S1, S2). 96.0% (n = 97) had complete demographics coding with Asia 31.3% (n = 31) and Africa 25.2% (n = 25), the most common continents of birth (S1 n = 92 [48.9% female (n = 44); mean age 60.6 years (SD 14.26)]; and S2 n = 7 [85.7% male (n = 6); mean age 39.4 years (SD16.97)]. 61.6% (n = 61) of participants were eligible for screening for at least one condition and uptake of screening was high 86.9% (n = 53). Twelve new conditions were identified (12.1% of study population) including hepatitis C (n = 1), hypercholesteraemia (n = 6), pre-diabetes (n = 4), and diabetes (n = 1). Health Catch-UP! identified that 100% (n = 99) of patients had no immunisations recorded; however, subsequent catch-up vaccination uptake was poor (2.0%, n = 1). Qualitative data supported acceptability and feasibility of Health Catch-UP! from staff and patient perspectives, and recommended Health Catch-UP! integration into routine care (e.g. NHS health checks) with an implementation package including staff and patient support materials, standardised care pathways (screening and catch-up vaccination, laboratory, and management), and financial incentivisation.

Conclusions
Clinical Decision Support Systems like Health Catch-UP! can improve disease detection and implementation of screening guidance for migrant patients but require robust testing, resourcing, and an effective implementation package to support both patients and staff.
Associations of periconception dietary glycemic index and load with fertility in women and men: a study among couples in the general population
Authors: Schipper Mireille C. , Boxem Aline J. , Blaauwendraad Sophia M. , Mulders Annemarie G. M. G. J. , Jaddoe Vincent W. V. , Gaillard Romy 
Published: October 2024

Abstract
Background
The dietary glycemic index (GI) and load (GL) reflect carbohydrate quality and quantity, potentially impacting fertility through modulation of insulin sensitivity and generation of oxidative stress. While fertility is influenced by both women and men, reproductive research often emphasizes maternal factors. We first examined periconception dietary intake in both women and male partners, and subsequent associations of dietary GI and GL with fecundability and subfertility.

Methods
Among 830 women and 651 male partners, participating in a population-based prospective cohort study from preconception onwards, we assessed periconception dietary intake and calculated GI and GL, using a food frequency questionnaire (FFQ) at median 12.4 weeks gestation (95% range 10.9, 18.4). Information on time to pregnancy was obtained through questionnaires, with subfertility defined as a time to pregnancy ≥ 12 months or use of assisted reproductive technology.

Results
In the periconception period, mean energy intake in women was 1870 kcal (SD: 500; 46% carbohydrates, 16% protein, 33% fat; dietary GI 56.2 (SD: 3.5) and GL 141.4 (SD: 67.4)). Mean energy intake in men was 2350 kcal (SD: 591; 43% carbohydrates, 16% protein, 33% fat; dietary GI 56.8 (SD: 3.2) and GL 156.7 (SD: 75.4)). Median time to pregnancy was 4.8 months (IQR: 1.2, 16.4), with 30.6% of 830 women experiencing subfertility. Dietary GI and GL were not associated with fertility outcomes in women. In men, higher dietary GI and GL across the full range were associated with decreased fecundability, after adjusting for socio-demographic and lifestyle factors, as well as dietary GI or GL of female partners [FR: 0.91, 95% CI 0.83, 0.99; FR: 0.90, 95% CI 0.81, 0.99, per SDS increase in dietary GI and GL, respectively]. When assessing the combined influence of dietary GI clinical categories in women and men, both partners adhering to a low GI diet tended to be associated with increased fecundability, but not with subfertility risk.

Conclusions
Suboptimal periconception carbohydrate intake may be negatively associated with male fertility, but not with fertility outcomes in women. Further studies are needed to assess whether a lower GI and GL diet is a feasible lifestyle intervention to improve couples fertility.
Enhancing Ras cheese safety: antifungal effects of nisin and its nanoparticles against Aspergillus flavus
Authors: Abd-Elhamed Esraa Y. , El-Bassiony Tawfik Abd El-Rahman , Elsherif Wallaa M. , Shaker Eman M. 
Published: October 2024

Abstract
Background
Due to the adverse effects of industrial chemicals and their carcinogenicity and toxicity for humans, the debates have increased on using natural preservatives. This study was conducted to investigate the inhibitory effect of pure nisin and nisin nanoparticles (nisin NPs) against Aspergillus flavus in vivo by inoculation in laboratory-manufactured Ras cheese. A novel, safe, and natural approach of nanoprecipitation using acetic acid was employed to prepare nisin nanoparticles. The prepared NPs were characterized using zeta-sizer, FTIR, and transmission electron microscopy (TEM). Furthermore, the cytotoxicity of nisin NPs on Vero cells was assessed. The minimum inhibitory concentrations (MICs) of nisin and its nanoparticles were determined in vitro against A. flavus isolates using the agar well-diffusion method. The sensory evaluation of manufactured Ras cheese was conducted over a 60-day storage period.

Results
The obtained results showed a strong antifungal activity of nisin NPs (0.0625 mg/mL) against A. flavus strain in comparison with pure nisin (0.5 mg/mL). Notably, the count decreased gradually by time from 2 × 108 at zero time and could not be detected at the 7th week. The count with pure nisin decreased from 2 × 108 at zero time and could not be detected at the 10th week where it’s enough time to produce aflatoxins in cheese. The MICs of nisin and nisin NPs were 0.25 and 0.0313 mg/mL, respectively. Nisin NPs used in our experiment had good biocompatibility and safety for food preservation. Additionally, the sensory parameters of the manufactured Ras cheese inoculated with nisin and nisin NPs were of high overall acceptability (OAA).

Conclusions
Overall, the results of this study suggested that adding more concentration (˃0.0625 mg/mL) from nisin nanoparticles during the production of Ras cheese may be a helpful strategy for food preservation against A. flavus in the dairy industry.
The multifaceted role of mitochondria in cardiac function: insights and approaches
Authors: Ravindran Sriram , Rau Christoph D. 
Published: October 2024

AbstractCardiovascular disease (CVD) remains a global economic burden even in the 21st century with 85% of deaths resulting from heart attacks. Despite efforts in reducing the risk factors, and enhancing pharmacotherapeutic strategies, challenges persist in early identification of disease progression and functional recovery of damaged hearts. Targeting mitochondrial dysfunction, a key player in the pathogenesis of CVD has been less successful due to its role in other coexisting diseases. Additionally, it is the only organelle with an agathokakological function that is a remedy and a poison for the cell. In this review, we describe the origins of cardiac mitochondria and the role of heteroplasmy and mitochondrial subpopulations namely the interfibrillar, subsarcolemmal, perinuclear, and intranuclear mitochondria in maintaining cardiac function and in disease-associated remodeling. The cumulative evidence of mitochondrial retrograde communication with the nucleus is addressed, highlighting the need to study the genotype-phenotype relationships of specific organelle functions with CVD by using approaches like genome-wide association study (GWAS). Finally, we discuss the practicality of computational methods combined with single-cell sequencing technologies to address the challenges of genetic screening in the identification of heteroplasmy and contributory genes towards CVD.
Rest the brain to learn new gait patterns after stroke
Authors: Krishnan Chandramouli , Augenstein Thomas E. , Claflin Edward S. , Hemsley Courtney R. , Washabaugh Edward P. , Ranganathan Rajiv 
Published: October 2024

Abstract
Background
The ability to relearn a lost skill is critical to motor recovery after a stroke. Previous studies indicate that stroke typically affects the processes underlying motor control and execution but not the learning of those skills. However, these studies could be confounded by the presence of significant motor impairments. Furthermore, prior research involving the upper extremity indicates that stroke survivors have an advantage in offline motor learning when compared with controls. However, this has not been examined using motor acuity tasks (i.e., tasks focusing on the quality of executed actions) that have direct functional relevance to rehabilitation.

Objective
Investigate how stroke affects leg motor skill learning during walking in stroke survivors.

Methods
Twenty-five participants (10 stroke; 15 controls) were recruited for this prospective, case-control study. Participants learned a novel foot-trajectory tracking task on two consecutive days while walking on a treadmill. The task necessitated greater hip and knee flexion during the swing phase of the gait. Online learning was measured by comparing tracking error at the beginning and end of each practice session, offline (rest-driven) learning was measured by comparing the end of the first practice session to the beginning of the second, and retention was measured by comparing the beginning of the first practice session to the beginning of the second. Online learning, offline learning, and retention were compared between the stroke survivors and uninjured controls.

Results
Stroke survivors improved their tracking performance on the first day (p = 0.033); however, the amount of learning in stroke survivors was lower in comparison with the control group on both days (p ≤ 0.05). Interestingly, stroke survivors showed higher offline learning gains when compared with uninjured controls (p = 0.011).

Conclusions
Even stroke survivors with no perceivable motor impairments have difficulty acquiring new motor skills related to walking, which may be related to the underlying neural damage caused at the time of stroke. Furthermore, stroke survivors may require longer training with adequate rest to acquire new motor skills.
Suppression of ferroptosis through the SLC7A11/glutathione/glutathione peroxidase 4 axis contributes to the therapeutic action of the Tangshenning formula on diabetic renal tubular injury
Authors: Shan Xiao-Meng , Chen Chun-Wei , Zou Da-Wei , Gao Yan-Bin , Ba Yin-Ying , He Jia-Xin , Zhu Zhi-Yao , Liang Jia-Jun 
Published: October 2024

Abstract
Background
Tangshenning (TSN) is a safe and effective formula to treat diabetic nephropathy (DN), and clinical studies have demonstrated that its therapeutic effects are related to oxidative stress improvements in patients. Herein, this study aims to explore the potential mechanism of how TSN alleviates diabetic renal tubular injury.

Methods
The ultrahigh pressure liquid chromatography-quadrupole-time of flight mass spectrometry (UPLC-QTOF/MS) was used to identify the chemical composition and serum components of TSN. KK-Ay mice served to investigate the protective effects and regulatory mechanisms of TSN on tubular damage in DN. Furthermore, inhibitors and inducers of ferroptosis were employed in high glucose-cultured tubular epithelial cells (TECs) to verify the potential mechanisms of TSN. The expressions of proteins related to renal tubular injury, ferroptosis and solute carrier family 7, member 11 (SLC7A11)/glutathione (GSH)/glutathione peroxidase 4 (GPX4) axis were analyzed by western blot and immunofluorescence. Mitochondrial ultrastructure was observed in kidney tissues and TECs by a transmission electron microscope. Pathological changes in the renal tissues were observed by HE, PAS, and Prussian blue staining. Ferroptosis-related reactive oxygen species (ROS), malondialdehyde (MDA), ferrous ion, the intake of cystine, GSH, and oxidized glutathione (GSSG) were evaluated and contrasted in vivo or in vitro.

Results
51 compounds of TSN powder and 11 components in TSN-containing serum were identified by UPLC-QTOF/MS method. Administration of TSN ameliorated the elevated levels of proteinuria, serum creatinine, blood urea nitrogen, abnormal expression of renal tubular injury markers, and pathological damage to the renal tubules in DN mice model. Intriguingly, a strong inhibition of ferroptosis after TSN treatment occurred in both DN mice model and high glucose-cultured TECs. Notably, induction of ferroptosis by erastin attenuated the protective effect of TSN in high glucose-cultured TECs, while the ferroptosis inhibition by ferrostatin-1 treatment protected renal tubular, which was similar to TSN, suggesting the contribution of TSN-mediated by the inhibition of ferroptosis in DN progression. Mechanistically, TSN upregulated the SLC7A11/GSH/GPX4 axis to inhibit ferroptosis.

Conclusion
TSN may delay the DN progression and attenuate the renal tubular injury by inhibiting the ferroptosis regulated by the SLC7A11/GSH/GPX4 axis.
Impact of a qualitative assessment approach for neonatal abstinence syndrome management: experience of a European reference center
Authors: Cortez Ferreira Mariana , Moura Figueiredo Ana , Pitorra Joaquim , Mesquita da Silva Joana 
Published: October 2024

Abstract
Background
The management of infants at risk of neonatal abstinence syndrome (NAS) remains challenging. In 2000 Maternidade Bissaya Barreto implemented a strategy based on the qualitative assessment of neonates and in 2018 the Eat, Sleep, Console (ESC) approach, a tool based on similar concepts, was created. The aim is to assess the efficacy of a qualitative assessment of infants at risk, compare it with the ESC approach and report temporal trends of NAS in a European hospital.

Methods
Retrospective cohort study of all infants of mothers with a history of drug abuse during pregnancy admitted to a tertiary European centre between January 2010 and December 2021. The therapeutical decision was guided by a qualitative assessment of the newborn’s well-being. The ESC approach was retrospectively determined. Pharmacologic treatment was used as a last resort. The clinical outcomes and therapeutic strategies employed were evaluated. Statistical association was evaluated. The incidence rate per 1000 births was calculated and temporal trend differences were identified.

Results
A total of 79 neonates at risk were included, of whom 40 (50.6%) developed NAS. Consolability was the most affected criterion (35.0%), followed by feeding difficulties (12.5%). Sleep was affected less frequently (5.0%). Overall, 37.5% of infants failed to meet at least one of the criteria. All neonates with a positive ESC failed the qualitative assessment (p = 1.000) After optimization of nonpharmacologic measures, drug therapy was still necessary in four cases (10.0% of infants with the syndrome). The incidence rate of NAS decreased from 3.9 per 1000 births in 2010 to 0.0 per 1000 births in 2021 (p = 0.025).

Conclusion
The qualitative assessment of the infant based on the ability to feed, sleep and be consoled correctly identified neonates at risk and led to a significant reduction in the use of drug therapy. The incidence rate of NAS decreased during the study period.
Paracetamol and ibuprofen fixed-dose combination for the management of acute mild-to-moderate pain in children: strengthening and enhancing of result of Nominal Group Technique through Delphi consensus
Authors: Castagno Emanuele , Parri Niccolò , D’Avino Antonio , Ferrari Elena , Marchisio Paola Giovanna , Messia Virginia , Taglialatela Maurizio , Staiano Annamaria 
Published: October 2024

Abstract
Background
Paracetamol and ibuprofen are the most commonly used drugs for pain treatment in children and their combination has shown improved analgesic effect compared to treatment with either drug alone. Current literature lacks specific guidelines regarding the settings in which this combination should be adopted.

Methods
The survey, conducted with Delphi methodology, involved 75 hospital and outpatient pediatricians with clinical experience in the management of pain in children. Pediatricians involved were asked to validate or not the results of the previous NominalGroup Tecnique (NGT) consensus and thus specify the optimal clinical settings in which the paracetamol/ibuprofen fixed-dose combination could be adopted.

Results
The results confirm the importance of the fixed-dose paracetamol and ibuprofen combination for the control of mild-to-moderate acute pain in children. Particularly, this association seems to be appropriate in case of headache, earache, odontalgia and musculoskeletal pain, and in specific settings such as post-operative and post-procedural pain. The broadening of the panel brought to slight variations in clinical management practices between hospital and outpatient specialists. Nonetheless, overall consensus supports the notion that the fixed dose combination is more efficacious than monotherapies and it is well tolerated. Moreover, experts unanimously agree on the usefulness of the combination for caregivers, leading to improved adherence and effectiveness.

Conclusions
Both the NGT consensus and the broader Delphi consensus confirm the usefulness of the paracetamol-ibuprofen fixed-dose combination in pediatric pain. This is attributed to its superior effectiveness compared to monotherapies, a good tolerability profile, and improved compliance and ease of use. Some pain settings related to chronic, inflammatory and rheumatological pathologies remain to be investigated to evaluate the use of this combination.