bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
تأصيل النظرية الصوتية عند إخوان الصفا / Establishing the root of phonological theory of the Ikhwan al-Safa Menjejak asal-usul teori fonologi Ikhwan al-Safa
Authors: Mahmood Ahmed Raghib Ahmed 
Published: February 2019

ملخص البحث:

تتناول هذه الدراسة الجهود الصوتية لدى طائفة من المفكرين أو الفلاسفة المسلمين الذين شاع صيتهم وانتشر ذكرهم في القرن الرابع الهجري أو العاشر الميلادي، وهم جماعة إخوان الصفا الذين تناولوا في منشوراتهم أو رسائلهم مجموعة من الأفكار الفلسفية والفكرية واللغوية جنباً إلى جنب، وستتناول هذه الدراسة عرضاً تأصيليّاً لطبيعة البحث الصوتي الأكوستي عند العرب، ثم تعرّج إلى جهود جماعة إخوان الصفا في المجال الصوتي العربي؛ حيث قدموا تعريفاً منطقيّاً للصوت اللغوي، ثم شرعوا في تقسيم أنواعه بحسب الدلالة والكيفية والكمية، وحددوا مخارجه وطرق إنتاجه، وأتبعوه بتحليل رائع لطرق تحليله من كافة المستويات النوعية والكيفية والكمية، وألقوا الضوء على جوانبه الدلالة وطرق تمييزه وإدراكه. توصلت الدراسة إلى نتائج مهمة، ومنها: أنّ إخوان الصفا قد قدَّموا توصيفاً أكوستيّاً للصوت العربي يكاد يتفق مع ما توصلت إليه أجهزة التحليل الصوتي الحديث، وكان مضمون دراستهم للصوت اللغوي مضموناً لغوياً من كافة جوانبه، ودرسوا الصوت من كافة جوانبه؛ فقدموا تعريفاً له منطقيّاً ثم شرعوا في تقسيم أنواعه بحسب الدلالة والكيفية والكمية، وحدّدوا مخارجه وطرق إنتاجه، وأتبعوه بتحليل رائع لطرق تحليله من كافة المستويات النوعية والكيفية والكمية، وألقوا الضوء على جوانبه الدلالة وطرق تمييزه وإدراكه.
مقاربات الخطاب السياسي عبر الأدب: دراسة تحليلية / The Approaches of Political Discourse through Literature: An analytical study
Authors: Zar’um Abdel Hamid Muhammad 
Published: February 2019

ملخص البحث:
تناقش هذه الورقة موضوعاً يتعلق بأهمية اللغة العربية وآدابها، ودورهما في الحياة العامة ولا سيّما في عصر العولمة، وتتعرض إلى جدلية العلاقة بين الأدب والسياسة، وكيف أن الأدب هو من أكثر اللافتات والمداخل التي يلج من قبَلها السياسيون إلى ضمائر الشعوب، ومن أهم الوسائل لدغدغة المشاعر وتهييج العواطف وغسيل الأدمغة. وفي المقابل فإن السياسي غير المهتم بالأدب، يكون عرضة لفشل مشروعه السياسي مهما عظم، إذا أعلن القطيعة مع الأدب، أو أساء توظيفه. ستتناول هذه الدراسة نماذج للسياسيين الأدباء الذين أحسنوا توظيف الأدب أو استغلوه للإطاحة بخصومهم، وكسب تأييد مناوئيهم، ونماذج للأدباء السياسيين الذين ملكوا ناصية القلم وتمكنوا من التعبير عن آلام شعوبهم وآمالهم أو تمكنوا من كرسي الحُكم ودانت لهم -بفضل قلمهم وفصاحتهم- أمم كثيرة. تتناول الدراسة مدى تأثير الأدب والسياسة في مجريات الأحداث وتسطير المعجزات، وتسليط الضوء على الصراع المخفي بين قطبي الرحى (السياسة والأدب)، ومدى تأثير أحدهما في الآخر. توصلت الدراسة إلى نتائج رئيسة، وهي: أن الأدب نفسه في قلب الظاهرة السياسية، مؤثراً فيها ومتأثرا بها، وأن أي نص أدبي، ما هو إلا انعكاس للبيئة التي أنتج وكتب فيه، وأن السياسيين يستمدون خططهم، ويعتمدون في تنفيذ برامجهم على الدراسات التي يعدّها الكتاب، والأعمال الإبداعية التي ينتجها الأدباء؛ وأن عصر العولمة الذي نعيشه هو بحق عصر تلاشت فيه القيم والمبادئ الأخلاقية، وظهرت فيه بشكل لافت للنظر سلوكيات منحرفة، ومفاهيم خاطئة، تتأكد يوما بعد يوم الحاجة الماسة إلى أدب رفيع ولغة راقية تترجم ما يريده المخلصون من أهل السياسة من عامة الشعب؛ تمسكاً بالتعاليم الدينية، وتشبثاً بالقيم والمبادئ الأخلاقية.
The Campaign to Discredit Dissident Valentyn Moroz from the Side of the Soviet Regime
Authors: Paska Bohdan 
Published: February 2019

The article analyzes the main measures of the Soviet regime to discredit the dissident Valentyn Moroz in the 1970s and early 1980s. This problem has not been studied in Ukrainian historiography yet. The basis of sources is previously classified documents of the Sectoral State Archive of the Security Service of Ukraine (SSA SSU), as well as materials of the Central State Archive of Public Associations of Ukraine (CSAPA), the Soviet press, memoirs of participants of the dissident movement. The chronological framework, stages and tasks of the discrediting campaign are singled out. Among its methods there is the distribution of false information about the dissident through the Ukrainian and foreign press, the initiation of conflicts with the participation of V. Moroz in the Mordovian colonies and in emigration, diplomatic pressure on the governments of the West. The author concludes that the KGB campaign has become one of the most important factors that led to a fall in the reputation of V. Moroz at the turn of the 1970s-1980s.
Keywords: Valentyn Moroz, Ukrainian dissident movement, Soviet regime, discrediting campaign, disinformation, Ukrainian diaspora
Cities of Galicia and Bukovyna of the Second Half of the XIX – the Beginning of XX centuries: Comparative Features of the System of Management
Authors: Dobrzhanskyi Serhiy 
Published: February 2019

The article made the comparative historical analysis of the cities of Galicia and Bukovyna (Lviv, Chernivtsi, Berezhany, Brody, Drohobych, Kolomyia, Peremyshl, Sniatyn, Sokal, Stanislaviv, Stryi, Vyzhnytsia, Kitsman, Storozhynets) in the second half of XIX – the beginning of the XX century. The activity level of implementation of city governance reforms, the changes of abundance and composition of the population were observed. Implementation of the powers by local authorities of cities in the process of formation and activities were considered.The execution of the assigned tasks was made with the influence on the development of regional cities by the number of objective and subjective factors: the presence and the time of railroad holding, economic and geographical specificity, historical features, the political situation, etc.
Keywords: city, self-government, election, city council, magistrate, burgomaster
New Seal of District Chief: To the Centenary of Ukrainian Authority in Khotyn Region
Authors: Rusnak Oleksandr , Ilkiv Mykola , Holovlov Mykola 
Published: February 2019

A number of anniversaries associated with the events of the Ukrainian Revolution of 1917 – 1921, as well as the discovery of the seal of Khotyn district chief (starosta), have prompted once again to address the problems of Ukrainian state formation in Khotyn region, in particular during the period of existence of the Ukrainian State of Hetman Pavlo Skoropadskyi. The seal belonged to Khotyn district starosta, whose duties were first assigned to O. Suharenko, and later – to P. Izbytskyi. The period of its use may be limited, respectively, since May 28 to November 12, 1918.
Keywords: the Ukrainian State, metallic seal under the sealing-wax, Khotyn district, district chief (starosta), P. Izbytskyi
Форми актуалізації документів і матеріалів офіційного характеру з історії національно-культурного руху українців Галичини другої половини ХІХ – початку ХХ ст.
Authors: Sholohon Liliya 
Published: February 2019

У статті з’ясовано особливості актуалізації джерел офіційного характеру з історії національно-культурного руху українців Галичини адміністративними установами та громадськими організаціями; громадсько-культурними діячами впродовж другої половини ХІХ – початку ХХ ст., дослідниками міжвоєнного періоду, українськими зарубіжними та радянськими вченими, сучасними науковцями.
Ключові слова: Галичина, національно-культурний рух, джерела офіційного характеру, актуалізація джерел
Paramedic transition into an academic role in universities: A qualitative survey of paramedic academics in Australia and New Zealand.
Authors: Munro Graham George , O'Meara Peter , Mathisen Bernice 
Published: February 2019

<p>Abstract</p><p>Healthcare professionals who transition into academic roles in universities are confronted with many challenges. Universities offering paramedicine degree programs struggle to find qualified paramedics to assume academic roles, while at the same time little is known about the issues that confront paramedics transitioning into academic roles in universities. A maximal variation sampling method was used to interview 16 paramedic academics in Australia and New Zealand and a thematic analysis was conducted that generated a thematic network that encompassed five areas: the community of practice of paramedicine, the community of practice of academia, entry into a new community of practice, professional identity, and expectations and challenges. The resulting analysis revealed that new paramedic academics transitioning to academic roles in universities are often under-qualified and underprepared for academic positions. The induction and mentoring processes are often ad hoc and ineffective leaving the new academics feeling isolated and disillusioned. They struggle with establishing or maintaining a professional identity and meeting university expectations related to teaching, research, acquiring a PhD, and publication. Both these communities of practice need to engage in the development and preparation of these new academics so that paramedics will be attracted to these new roles and their transition to academia is a positive process.</p>
ASSESSMENT OF KNOWLEDGE, ATTITUDE, AND PRACTICE OF FIRST AID, AND ASSOCIATED FACTORS, AMONG KINDERGARTEN TEACHERS
Authors: Melese Amsalu Birara , Tesema Alemtsehay Alemu , Simegn Amare 
Published: February 2019

Abstract
Background: Injuries are very common now a day and can occur at any point of time in a day to day life. Among them, injuries in school children rank a major part. The objective of this research to evaluate knowledge, attitude and practice towards first aid and factors associated among kindergarten teachers.
Methods: Institutions based cross-sectional quantitative study design was employed. The study was conducted in Bahir dar town, Amhara region, Ethiopia from March to May 2017. A Pre-tested and structured questionnaire was used to collect data. Binary and multivariate logistic regression analysis was used to determine the separate and confounding effect for variables.
Result: A total of 173 respondents were interviewed with a response rate of 93%. From the total respondents 97 (56.1%) scored above mean for knowledge question, In particular, subjects lacked knowledge regarding first aid for Human/animal bite (60.1%) was not answered correctly. Regarding practice out of all respondents, 128(74%) had faced the child in need of first aid. About attitude, all respondents (100%) felt good attitude towards giving and learning first aid. Service year (AOR=8.6, 95%CI0.035-0.399) and previous first aid training (AOR=2.5, 95%CI 1.138-5.570) were found to have a significant association with knowledge of first aid.
Conclusion: The knowledge of kindergarten teachers towards first aid were found to be low while they have the good attitude towards giving first aid and receiving training on first aid. It remains necessary to increase their actual first aid knowledge and skills.
Perempuan Muslimah ODHA di Kebumen, Sebuah Kajian Transformasi Awal
Authors: Chamidi Agus Salim 
Published: February 2019

Riset ini riset transformatif sosial dalam upaya memberdayakan perempuan muslimah yang tertular HIV AIDS, yang kemudian mereka menjadi Orang Dengan HIV AIDS (ODHA). Dalam riset ini mereka disebut sebagai perempuan muslimah ODHA. Lokasi riset di Kebumen Jawa Tengah Indonesia. Riset ini bersifat kualitatif, dengan menggunakan model participatory action research (PAR) dan teknik wawancara mendalam, observasi, dan dokumentasi, yang diramu dalam model knowledge sharing dan diskusi hasil temuan secara partisipatoris. Informan kuncinya adalah sejumlah perempuan muslimah ODHA di Kebumen. Riset dilakukan pada Mei-Juni 2018. Meskipun masih pada tahapan perencanaan kegiatan, hasil riset sudah cukup menggembirakan. Adapun hasilnya adalah bahwa (1)perempuan muslimah ODHA menyadari dan setuju terhadap upaya penguatan mereka melalui kegiatan keagamaan Islam dan kegiatan ekonomi produktif, (2)kalangan pegiat HIV AIDS juga mendukung upaya penguatan tersebut, (3)kalangan perempuan muslimah ODHA masih khawatir dan takut akan stigma dan diskriminasi dengan adanya open status sehingga mereka masih memerlukan bantuan dari pegiat HIV AIDS untuk mendampingi mereka, (4)adanya rencana bersama menyelenggarakan kegiatan bagi upaya penguatan para perempuan muslimah ODHA, dan (5)model PAR masih direkomendasikan. Adapun rekomendasi dari riset ini adalah pentingnya manajemen pemberdayaan perempuan muslimah ODHA secara massif dan komprehensif yang menggandeng bersama berbagai kalangan mitra secara partisipatori.
Análise da influência da retirada do leito de idosos na UTI e da continuidade da fisioterapia na enfermaria sobre o tempo de permanência, a readmissão e a mortalidade
Authors: Abritta Fabiana Amaral , Fernandes Sergio Eduardo Soares , De Paula Ana Patricia 
Published: February 2019

Objetivo: Analisar a influência da retirada do leito de idosos na UTI e da continuidade da fisioterapia na enfermaria sobre tempo de internação, readmissão e mortalidade. Métodos: Trata-se de um estudo de coorte histórico realizado por meio dos registros de idosos egressos de UTI de um hospital público. Verificou-se as caracterí­sticas clí­nicas e o ní­vel de gravidade dos pacientes pelo escore SAPS 3 (Simplified Acute Physiology Score III). Analisou-se a retirada do leito na UTI, o ní­vel de mobilização alcançado e a continuidade da fisioterapia na enfermaria. Observou-se a relação entre essas variáveis e os desfechos ocorridos. Resultados: Os 133 idosos estudados apresentaram média de idade de 70 ±7 anos; 66,1% eram homens; 78,2% foram retirados do leito na UTI e, após a admissão na enfermaria, 51,9% receberam fisioterapia. O tempo médio de internação após a alta da UTI foi de 27,6 dias; 11,2% dos pacientes foram readmitidos em unidades crí­ticas e 18% foram a óbito. Os idosos que não foram retirados do leito na UTI e aqueles que mantiveram o ní­vel de mobilização após a admissão na enfermaria apresentaram maior readmissão e mortalidade. Conclusão: Parece existir menor risco de readmissão e de mortalidade em pacientes submetidos í terapêutica de retirada do leito na UTI.Palavras-chave: idoso, unidades de terapia intensiva, deambulação precoce, continuidade da assistência ao paciente, readmissão do paciente.
Capacidade vital forçada e pressões respiratórias máximas de cantores populares profissionais
Authors: Andriollo Débora Bonesso , Frigo Letí­cia Fernandez , De Moraes Anaelena Bragança , Cielo Carla Aparecida 
Published: February 2019

Objetivo: Descrever valores de Capacidade Vital Forçada (CVF), Pressão Inspiratória Máxima (PImáx) e Pressão Expiratória Máxima (PEmáx) em cantores profissionais populares de um municí­pio de interior de estado e compará-los com os valores preditos pela literatura. Métodos: Pesquisa quantitativa e retrospectiva, com 18 cantores profissionais populares, com média de idade de 36,6 anos. Foi medida a CVF por meio de espirômetro portátil digital e as pressões respiratórias máximas com manovacuômetro digital. Resultados: Não houve significância estatí­stica entre os três grupos, quanto aos valores preditos, medidos e as diferenças de CVF. Quanto í Pimáx, apenas houve significância entre valores preditos e medidos no grupo de cantoras (p = 0,026); nos grupos masculinos não houve significância (p = 0,121; p = 0,715); e também não houve nas diferenças entre valores preditos e medidos. Nas PEmáx, não houve significância estatí­stica entre valores preditos e medidos nos três grupos e nas diferenças entre os três grupos. Conclusão: A CVF e PEmáx se apresentaram dentro da normalidade prevista nos três grupos estudados, com exceção do grupo de cantoras, em que os valores medidos de PImáx foram menores do que os valores preditos.Palavras-chave: capacidade vital, pressões respiratórias máximas, cantores.
Impacto dos sintomas osteomusculares nas práticas de ensino de docentes
Authors: Ribeiro Mariana Bomfim , Da Silva Carla Pequeno , Facchinetti Juliana Braga , Andrade Adna Gorette Ferreira 
Published: February 2019

Introdução: Os sintomas osteomusculares têm gerado preocupações í saúde laboral dos professores. Esses incluem variadas doenças articulares, patologias na coluna e em tecidos moles. Objetivo: Avaliar o impacto dos sintomas osteomusculares no exercí­cio da atividade docente em ensino fundamental. Métodos: Esta pesquisa caracteriza-se como quantitativa de natureza descritiva. A amostra foi composta por 24 mulheres (72,72%) e nove homens (27,27%), com média de idade de 46,18 anos. Resultados: Observou-se que 28 (84,84%) dos docentes já foram acometidos por sintomas osteomusculares. Nos últimos 12 meses, os professores apresentaram maiores sintomas osteomusculares principalmente nas regiões parte superior das costas 20 (60,60%), parte inferior das costas 18 (54,54%) e tornozelos e pés 18 (54,54%). Conclusão: Uma vez que os sintomas osteomusculares impactam diretamente na qualidade de vida e rendimento profissional de docentes, sugere-se a necessidade da criação e implementação de polí­ticas preventivas nas escolas com o intuito de cuidar da saúde dos docentes.Palavras-chave: docentes, osteomusculares, sintomas afetivos.
Outcome of Fixed Dose Radioiodine Therapy in Hyperthyroid Patients –Three Years Follow up Study at INMAS Mitford
Authors: Sharmin Samira , Rahman Manbub Ur , Haque Jesmine Ara , Billah Syed Muhammad  Baquki , Rahman Hosne Ara , Hossian Jamiul , Ferdous Jasmine , Uddin Monir , Yasmine Farida 
Published: February 2019

Background: Hyperthyroidism is a morbid condition. Radioiodine therapy is very safe, popular and effective treatment of hyperthyroidism. This study was design to determine the outcome of fixed dose radioiodine (RAI) therapy in hyperthyroid patients in a single institute.
Patients and Methods: This was a retrospective study conducted from January 2014 to December 2016 at 1Institute of Nuclear Medicine and Allied Sciences, Sir Salimullah Medical College Campus, Mitford, Dhaka. A total 71 patients were enrolled for this study. All the patients were pretreated with antithyroid drugs than underwent fixed dose of RAI therapy. They were followed up at regular interval. Chi-square and paired t test was done to see the level of significance.
Results: Mean age of the patients were 41.61 years (range 19-60 years). Male were 29 (40.8%) and female were 42 (59.2%). Mean months of pretreated with antithyroid drugs were 30.59 ± 23.68 months, range (2-96 months). Before RAI therapy mean TSH was 0.12 ± 0.14 μ IU/ml range (0.0001-0.54 μIU/ml) and after RAI therapy mean TSH was 1.6 ±1.5μ IU/ml range (0.002-5.00 μIU/ml). Before RAI therapy mean FT4 was 26.26 ±10.25 fmol/ml, range (7.86-47.78 fmol/ml ) and after RAI therapy mean FT4 was 23.45±8.22 fmol/ml, range (8.78-40.45 fmol/ml). All patients diveided into three groups: Graves’ disease (29), toxic multinodular goiter ( 28) and toxic autonomous nodule (14). After three years of follow up 27 (38%) patients were euthyroid, 2 (2.8%) remain hyperthyroid, 3(4.2%) were relapse cases and 39 (54.9%) were hypothyroid.
Conclusion: This follow up study showed that patients treated with RAI therapy became hypothyroid in the long run. Relapse and persistent hyperthyroid state were very common phenomenon after RAI therapy.
Bangladesh J. Nuclear Med. 21(1): 8-11, January 2018
KESANTUNAN BERBAHASA INDONESIA SISWA SEKOLAH DASAR NEGERI 06 KOTA BENGKULU
Authors: Hambali Daimun , Novia Novia 
Published: February 2019

The purpose of this study was to describe the politeness of Indonesian between students and between students and teachers at SDN 06 Bengkulu City neighborhood. The research subject is that students of class V. The scope of this research is the use of verbal and nonverbal politeness by students at SDN 06 Bengkulu: students with students, and students with teachers. This type of research is qualitative descriptive. Data collected by observation, field notes, interview techniques and recording technique. Steps of data analysis conducted in stages, data reduction, data display and data verification. Results of research on linguistic politeness Indonesia students in the SDN 06 Bengkulu city, namely (1) for politeness the studentsdata found conversational politeness students more than the data conversation violation of politeness that is, 21 data is conversations that contain maxims of politeness and 5 the data conversation violation maxim of politeness, (2) for politeness between students and teachers found 7 data containing politeness conversation, and was not found students who violate the maxim of politeness and not found students against teachers. All data that conversation concluded with a look at the context of the speech that underlie the events said. The conclusion from this study is that politeness between students and between students and teachers reveal politeness. For nonverbal language, in speaking students use the fit between body language and speech (verbal).
PENGGUNAAN METODE DEMONSTRASI DAN MEDIA NYATA UNTUK MENINGKATKAN HASIL BELAJAR IPA TENTANG STRUKTUR AKAR PADA SISWA KELAS IV SDN 11 TEBATKARAI KABUPATEN KEPAHIANG
Authors: Susiyanti Emmi 
Published: February 2019

Penelitian Tindakan Kelas ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui kelemahan yang dilakukan selama proses pembelajaran agar dapat mencari solusi pada pembelajaran. Subyek penelitian adalah siswa kelas IV SDN11 Tebat Karai yang berjumlah 11 siswa yang terdiri dari 3 siswa perempuan dan 8 laki-laki. Hasil penelitian awal ditemukan beberpa kelemahan selama proses pembelajaran yang dilakukan oleh guru yaitu: (1) kurangnya kemampuan murid dalam memahami materi pelajaran;(2) murid pasif dan berbicara sendiri;(3) nilai prestasi belajar IPA masih rendah; (4) Metode mengajar yamg digunakan guru masih cenderung ceramah;(5)kurangnya minat siswa dalam belajar; dan (6) kurangnya perhatian orang tua siswa terhadap belajar siswa. Dari keadaan diatas guru mencoba menerapkan metode “Demonstrasi dan menggunakan media nyata” dan membawa siswa kealam nyata.Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwametode demonstrasi dan media nyata dapat meningkatkan hasil belajar tentang struktur tumbuhan pembelajaran IPA kelas IV sekolah dasar
PENDEKATAN LINGKUNGANUNTUK MENINGKATKAN PEMAHAMAN SISWA TENTANG TUMBUHAN BAGIANAKARPADA PELAJARAN ILMU PENGETAHUAN ALAM KELAS IV SDN.21 KEPAHIANG KABUPATEN KEPAHIANG
Authors: Martono Martono 
Published: February 2019

AbstrakTujuan penelitian ini menggambarkan bahwa lingkungan dapat membantu siswa dalam pemahaman tentang bagian-bagian tumbuhan pada pembelajaran Ilmu Pengetahuan Alam. Jenis penelitian adalah penelitihan tindakan kelas, subyek penelitian adalah siswa kelas IV SDN.21 Kepahiang yang berjumlah 20 siswa. Teknik pengumpulan data berupa dukumentasi yangdilakukan melalui hasil tes formaatif yang dilaksanakan dengan melihat data kegagalan dan keberhasilan. Hasil penelitian ditemukan kelemahan yang dilakukan yaitu masih melakukan pembelajaran menggunakan metode ceramah dan belum memanfatkan metode bervariasi. Pemanfaatan lingkungan sebagai media pembelajaran dan hasilnya dapat terlihat dalam tiga siklus dapat dituangkan dalam bentuk tabel. Dari langkah-langkah yang dilakukan membuktikan bahwa lingkungan dapat dijadikan media yang menjadikan siswa memahami alam sekitar khususnya bagian - bagian tumbuhan.