bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Stiff Left Atrial Syndrome; Prospects and Possibilities. Retrospective Analysis and Review of the Literature
Authors: Chaudhry Muhammad Ali , Johnson Allen , Heywood James Thomas 
Published: September 2018

Objectives: Stiff left atrial syndrome is an intriguing clinical phenomena characterized by
reduced left atrial compliance, pulmonary venous hypertension and exacerbations of volume
overload. We conducted a retrospective review of patients diagnosed with stiff left atrial syndrome
at our center.

Methods:
All patients admitted to our hospital with volume overload and pulmonary venous
hypertension who were diagnosed with stiff left atrial syndrome based on evidence by
echocardiogram and right heart catheterization between July 2011 and July 2013 were included in
this retrospective review.

Results:
Twentythree patients (mean age 73 ± 11 years, 39% male and 61% female) were diagnosed
with stiff left atrial syndrome at our center. Thirty-five percent had persistent while 39% had
permanent atrial fibrillation. Mean duration of atrial fibrillation was 7.6 ± 2.1 years. Forty-three
percent of patients had long standing hypertension. There was no mitral regurgitation in 39% of
patients while 48% had mild mitral regurgitation. On right heart catheterization, mean right atrial
pressure was 12.6±4.8 mm of Hg, mean pulmonary arterial pressure was 33±7.2 mm of Hg, mean
pulmonary capillary wedge pressure was 24.8± 4.2mm of Hg while peak V waves were seen at
mean of 37.8± 5.3 mm of Hg. Mean left atrial volume index was 49.8±17.1 mL/m 2. After the initial
diagnosis with a two year follow- up, there were no readmissions in 65% of patients who were on
appropriate diuretic therapy and had regular clinical visits. Frequent readmissions were seen in 35%
of patients inspite of appropriate diuretic therapy. All-cause mortality rate was 4.3% at two year
follow up.

Conclusion:
In patients with stiff left atrial syndrome, the presence of left atrial dilation, long
standing atrial fibrillation and hypertension are the key factors associated with pathogenesis and
clinical course. Close follow up and monitoring of volume status is essential to prevent hospital
readmissions and improve long term prognosis.
A Uterine Motion Classification in MRI Data for Female Infertility
Authors: Mori Kentaro , Tokunaga Yoshimitsu , Sakumoto Tetsurou , Nakashima Akira , Komesu Isamu , Hata Yutaka 
Published: September 2018

Aims:
The purpose of this study was to classify complicated uterine movements obtained
by MRI scanner and investigate the relationship between uterine peristalsis and female infertility.

Methods:
Uterine movements are classified into six fundamental movements by their motility form
and directions. Computer simulation of the uterine movements is performed.

Results:
Comparison results between the real MRI images and the simulated images showed that
any five in our dataset uterine movement was successfully reproduced by a combination of these
six fundamental movements. The point and surface vibration model appropriately mimicked the
movements with the propagation velocity of 0.68 [mm/sec].

Conclusion:
By analyzing six fundamental movements using data from 26 MRI scans, it was
found that two fundamental movements were identified as candidate factors for female infertility.
Brief Overview of Frequently used Macrolides and Analytical Techniques for their Assessment
Authors: Sherazi Syed Tufail Hussain , Mahesar Sarfaraz Ahmed , Sirajuddin  , Malah Muhammad Ali 
Published: September 2018

Background:
Macrolide antibiotics are known as versatile broad-spectrum antibiotics.
Macrolides belong to the oldest group of antibacterial agents. The macrolides which are frequently
used for clinical purposes are broadly categorized in three classes depending on the number of
membered macrocyclic lactone ring. These three classes actually consist of 14, 15 or 16 atoms in macrocyclic
lactone ring which are linked through glycosidic bonds. Erythromycin, azithromycin clarithromycin
and roxithromycin are frequently used to control against bacterial infections.

Methods:
The quality assurance and quality controls are important tasks in the pharmaceutical industries.
Consequently, to check the quality of drugs, there is a strong need to know about alternative
analytical methods for the routine analysis. Many methods have been reported in the literature for the
quantitative determination of erythromycin, clarithromycin, azithromycin and clarithromycin in
pharmaceutical formulations and biological samples.

Results:
This review will cover a brief introduction of erythromycin, azithromycin, clarithromycin and
roxithromycin as well as analytical techniques for their assessment. Each developed method has its
own merits and demerits.

Conclusion:
Any accurate method could be used for the quality control and quality assurance of
macrolide antibiotics according to the availability, performance and procedure of selected instrument
as well as skill and expertise of the analyst.
A Review for the Synthesis of Silk Fibroin Nanoparticles with Different Techniques and Their Ability to be Used for Drug Delivery
Authors: Gianak Olga , Kyzas George Z. , Samanidou Victoria F. , Deliyanni Eleni A. 
Published: September 2018

Background:Silk fibroin is the main protein of silk, and it has recently been evaluated for drug delivery applications due to its excellent properties. Specifically, silk fibroin exhibits good biocompatibility, biodegradability and low immunogenicity. Fibroin nanoparticles have attracted attention due to their high binding ability to different drugs as well as their ability for controlled drug release. The improvement of the therapeutic efficiency of drug encapsulation is important and depends on the particle size, the chemical structure and the properties of the silk fibroin nanoparticles.Methods:There is a variety of methods for the preparation of fibroin nanoparticles such as (i) electrospraying and desolvation method, (ii) supercritical fluid technologies, (iii) capillary-microdot technique, (iv) salting out etc. Furthermore, various techniques have been used for the characterization of nanoparticles such as SEM (scanning electron microscopy), TEM (transmission electron microscopy), DLS (dynamic light scattering), Zeta-potential and FTIR (Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy). Different drugs (paclitaxel, curcumin, 5-fluorouracil etc) have been encapsulated in fibroin nanoparticles.Results:Each separated synthesis method has different advantages such as (i) high yield, (ii) avoid use of toxic solvents, (iii) low cost, (iv) controllable particle size, (v) no organic solvent residue, (vi) simplicity of operation, (vii) small particles size, (viii) homeliness of operation, (ix) restrainable particle size, (x) easy and safe to operate, (xi) no use of organic solvent. Moreover, some major drugs studied are Floxuridine, Fluorouracil, Curcumin, Doxorubicin, Metotrexate, Paclitaxel and Doxorubicin, Horseradish peroxidase. All the above combinations (preparation method-drug) are studied in detail.Conclusion:Various drugs have been encapsulated successfully in silk fibroin and all of them exhibit a significant release rate. Finally, the encapsulation efficiency and release rate depend on the molecular weight of the drugs and it can be adjusted by controlling the crystallinity and concentration of silk fibroin.
Cadmium Removal from Aqueous Solutions by Strain of Pantoea agglomerans UCP1320 Isolated from Laundry Effluent
Authors: L. Acioly Leonila. M. , Cavalcanti Davi , Luna Marcos C. , V. Júnior José  C. , S. Andrade Rosileide F. , de Lima e Silva Thayse A. , La Rotta Camilo E. , Campos-Takaki Galba  M. 
Published: September 2018

Background:
Cadmium (Cd), which is a deadly heavy metal of work-related and environmental concern, has been recognized as a substance that is teratogenic and carcinogenic for humans. Therefore, the need to develop low-cost adsorbents to remove heavy metals from aqueous solution has greatly increased. Adsorbents such as Pantoea agglomerans biomass have been used.

Aims:
We investigated the biotechnological potential of Pantoea agglomerans for the biosorption of cadmium from aqueous solution.

Patients and Methods:

Pantoea agglomerans UCP1320 isolated from the effluent of a laundry industry was used to remove cadmium from aqueous solutions. Two approaches were compared using active or thermally inactivated biomass. Three different cadmium concentrations of 1, 10 and 100 ppm were used under constant stirring at temperatures of 25°C and 35°C as was pH of 3.0, 5.0 and 7.0. Variable incubation times of 1, 6, and 24h were also studied.

Results:
The results showed that the temperature did not influence the uptake of metal by living cells nor by inactive bacterial biomass. However, increasing the pH had a positive effect on removing intermediate concentrations of cadmium. Low concentrations of cadmium were completely removed by both live and inactive biomass.

Conclusion:

Pantoea agglomerans biomass was shown to have a promising performance for the biotechnological removal of cadmium which had been dissolved in aqueous solution.
Optimalisasi Pelaksanaan Kebijakan Pengembangan Kota Layak Anak Dan Implikasinya Terhadap Ketahanan Sosial Masyarakat (Studi Di Kecamatan Gedongtengen, Kota Yogyakarta Provinsi DI Yogyakarta)
Authors: Novika Boby 
Published: September 2018

ABSTRACT The purpose of this study was to analyzed the optimization of the implementation of the city development policy and its impact on social resilience of people in Gedongtengen Sub-District, Yogyakarta City.This type of research was qualitative. Data analysis technique used was descriptive analytical technique. Data collection techniques consisted of two parts: (1) primary data in the form of in-depth interview, observation, documentation; and (2) secondary data in the form of supporting documents, secondary photographs and other data sources from printed and electronic media. The result of the research showed that the implementation of child friendly city developmentpolicy had not been optimally done in Gedongtengen Sub-District of Yogyakarta City. Implementation of policy functions such as preparation, planning, and coaching aspects found a number of obstacles that the implications had not been widespread in the Gedongtengen Sub-District, Yogyakarta. On the other hand, the policy development of child friendly city had the potential to be synergized with youth friendly municipal development policies in IndonesiaABSTRAKTujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk menganalisis optimalisasi pelaksanaan kebijakan pengembangan Kota Layak Anak dan dampaknya terhadap ketahanan sosial masyarakat di Kecamatan Gedongtengen Kota Yogyakarta.Jenis penelitian ini adalah kualitatif. Teknik analisis data yang digunakan adalah teknik deskriptif analitis. Teknik pengumpulan data terdiri dari dua bagian: (1) data primer berupa wawancara mendalam, observasi, dokumentasi; dan (2) data sekunder berupa dokumen pendukung, foto sekunder serta data lainnya yang bersumber dari media cetak maupun elektronik. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa pelaksanaan kebijakan pengembangan Kota Layak Anak belum optimal dilakukan di Kecamatan Gedongtengen Kota Yogyakarta. Pelaksanaan fungsi-fungsi kebijakan seperti aspek persiapan, aspek perencanaan, serta aspek pembinaan menemukan sejumlah kendala sehingga belum berimplikasi luas di Kecamatan Gedongtengen Kota Yogyakarta. Pada sisi yang lain, kebijakan pengembangan Kota Layak Anak memiliki potensi untuk dapat bersinergi dengan kebijakan pengembangan kota layak pemuda di Indonesia.
Hakikat Adil Dan Makmur Sebagai Landasan Hidup Dalam Mewujudkan Ketahanan Untuk Mencapai Masyarakat Sejahtera Melalui Pembangunan Nasional Berdasarkan Pancasila
Authors: Sudjana Sudjana 
Published: September 2018

ABSTRACT This article examined the nature of prosperousness as the foundation of life of the Indonesian nation towards a prosperous society so that a philosophical approach was realized in a practical level (operational) through the national development. The research used the method of approach philosophical; stages of research, the study of literature; and data analysis, descriptive philosophical.The study results could be stated that fairness and prosperousness were terms that could not be separated, even though both of them were the object of study of science that it was different. Fairness or justice was the study of law and one of the objectives of the law while the prosperousness focused on meeting basic human needs. It was one of economic studies. Fair and prosperous were related to the time, place and the philosophy was adopted by a group of people who called himself as a country. Thus the implementation of both institutions in national development must be understood in the context and could not be separated from the culture, ideology, philosophy of life and philosophy of the nation that was followed. The essence of prosperousness based on Pancasila was social justice and social prosperity through national development in all fields for all the people of Indonesia proportionally and equally and it was inspired by the values of Pancasila unanimously and intactly.ABSTRAKKajian ini membahas hakikat adil dan makmur sebagai landasan hidup bangsa Indonesia menuju masyarakat yang sejahtera, sehingga pendekatannya lebih bersifat filosofis tetapi kemudian diwujudkan dalam tatanan praktis (operasional) melalui pembangunan nasional.Metode penelitian yang digunakan yaitu metode pendekatan filosofis ; tahap penelitian, studi kepustakaan; dan analisis data, deskriptif filosofis.Hasil kajian yang dapat dikemukakan adalah bahwa adil dan makmur adalah istilah yang tidak dapat dipisahkan, meskipun kedua hal tersebut merupakan obyek kajian dari ilmu yang berbeda. Keadilan atau adil adalah kajian hukum dan merupakan salah satu tujuan dari hukum, sedangkan makmur lebih menitikberatkan pada pemenuhan kebutuhan pokok manusia, sehingga merupakan kajian ekonomi. Adil dan makmur bersifat relatif, bergantung pada waktu, tempat serta falsafah yang dianut oleh sekelompok masyarakat yang kemudian menamakan dirinya sebagai negara. Dengan demikian penerapan kedua pranata tersebut dalam pembangunan nasional harus dipahami dalam konteks yang tidak dapat dipisahkan dari budaya, ideologi, pandangan hidup serta falsafah bangsa yang dianutnya. Hakikat adil dan makmur berdasarkan Pancasila merupakan keadilan sosial dan kemakmuran sosial melalui pembangunan nasional di segala bidang untuk seluruh rakyat Indonesia secara proporsional (sebanding) dan merata yang dijiwai oleh nilai-nilai Pancasila secara bulat dan utuh.
Penerapan Authentic Assesment Pada Mata Kuliah IPS Terpadu Semester Gasal Tahun Ajaran 2016/2017
Authors: Delita Fitra 
Published: September 2018

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mendeskripsikan penerapan penilaian autentik (authentic assesment) pada mata kuliah Pembelajaran IPS Terpadu dan mengidentifikasi kelemahan penilaian yang diterapkan. Jenis penelitian yang digunakan adalah deskriptif kualitatif. Subyek penelitian ini adalah mahasiswa angkatan 2016 Jurusan Pendidikan Geografi Fakultas Ilmu Sosial Universitas Negeri Medan. Subyek penelitian terdiri dari 3 kelas yang mengambil mata kuliah Pembelajarana IPS Terpadu yaitu kelas A reguler 2016 (22 orang), kelas D reguler 2016 (25 orang) dan A ekstensi 2016 (20 orang). Teknik pengumpulan data melalui komunikasi tak langsung dengan menggunakan instrumen berupa lembar observasi dan rubrik penilaian mahasiswa. Selain itu juga digunakan teknik dokumenter untuk mendapatkan data hasil belajar mahasiswa semester 2 tahun pelajaran 2016/ 2017 pada mata kuliah Pembelajaran IPS Terpadu.Hasil penelitian menunjukkan pada mata kuliah IPS terpadu sudah diterapkan penilaian otentik dalam bentuk penilaian kinerja, penilaian proyek, penilaian produk, penilaian tulis dan penilaian sikap. Namun penilaian ini belum mencakup penilaian portofolio dan penilaian diri oleh mahasiswa dan masih perlu dikembangkan. Penilaian 6 tugas wajib yang mencakup Tugas Rutin (TR), Critical Book Review (CBR), Critical Journal Report (CJR), Rekayasa Ide (RI), Mini Riset (MR) dan Project Report (PR) dengan rubrik penilaian. Hasil yang diperoleh menunjukkan bahwa 6 tugas tersebut dikerjakan mahasiswa dengan baik dengan skor yang termasuk kategori tinggi kecuali pada kelas A ekstensi, nilai rata-rata MR tergolong sedang. Pada nilai akhir mata kuliah dan nilai sikap dari tiga kelas terlihat frekuensi terbesar mahasiswa pada nilai B (rentang 80-89) dengan nilai sikap Baik (rentang 2,51- 3,50)Kata kunci: Penilaian otentik, Pembelajaran IPS Terpadu
Pengembangan Bahan Ajar Biogeografi Berbasis Konstruktivis Di Kelas B Regular TA 2016/2017 Jurusan Pendidikan Geografi Universitas Negeri Medan
Authors: Wirda Mona Adria , Berutu Nurmala , Rohani Rohani , Rosni Rosni 
Published: September 2018

ABSTRAK Tujuan utama dalam penelitian ini adalah menghasilkan bahan ajar untuk matakuliah Biogeografi yang layak digunakan oleh mahasiswa di kelas B reguler angkatan 2016/2017. Tujuan lain yang ingin dicapai melalui penelitian ini mendiskripsikan respon mahasiswa kelas B Reguler TA 2016/2017 terhadap bahan ajar berbasis konstruktivis yang dikembangkan. Metode pengembangan bahan ajar ini mengacu pada kerangka pikir Thiagarajan dan Semmel &Semmel. Pengumpulan data dilakukan melalui angket dengan indikator penilaian kelayakan berupa kelayakan isi atau materi, kebahasaan, kegrafisan dan penyajian. Analisis data dilakukan secara deskriptif kualitatif.Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa (1) bahan ajar yang dikembangkan sudah layak untuk digunakan. Sesuai dengan hasil validasi kedua validator berkisar antara 97.19 dan 98.75 (2) respon mahasiswa mengenai bahan ajar ini tergolong bagus. 64% mahasiswa menyatakan sangat setuju bahwa buku ini berguna bagi mereka, dan 36 % menyatakan setuju. 91 % mahasiswa menyatakan bahwa penggunaan bahasa dalam bahan ajar ini sangat jelas dan mudah dipahami. Selanjutnya, 73% mahasiswa menyatakan bahwa pertanyaan yang diajukan di dalam bahan ajar ini juga sudah jelas serta isi pembelajaran sudah sesuai dengan harapan mereka. Pendapat ahli dan respon mahasiswa beberapa hal yang perlu diperbaiki ialah desain buku serta tata gambar, tabel dan diagram.Kata Kunci : bahan ajar, konstruktivis, biogeografiABSTRACTThe main objective of this research is to produce teaching materials for courses eligible Biogeography used by students in class B 2016/2017 regular forces. Another goal to be achieved through this study to describe the response of students of class B Regular TA 2016/2017 of constructivist-based teaching materials developed. The development of teaching materials refers to the framework Thiagarajan and Semmel & Semmel. The data was collected through a questionnaire with a feasibility assessment indicators qualifying the content, language, kegrafisan and presentation. The data were analyzed by descriptive qualitative.The results showed that (1) the material developed is feasible to be used. In accordance with the validator validation results ranged from 97.19 and 98.75 (2) The student's response is quite good material. 64% of students stated strongly agree that this book is useful for them, and 36% agree. 91% of students stated that the use of language in teaching materials is very clear and easy to understand. Furthermore, 73% of students said that the questions asked in these materials was also clear and the learning content is suitable to their expectations. Expert opinion and the response of the students are some things that need to be corrected is the design and layout of images, tables and diagrams.Keywords: Learning Material, Constructivist, Biogeography
El impacto de la unión monetaria en la gobernación del Estado
Authors: Baño León José María 
Published: September 2018

<p align="justify">La Unión Monetaria exige disciplina presupuestaria, pero al mismo tiempo, reduce drásticamente las posibilidades de una gobernación independiente. El trabajo examina el desfase entre el debate político interno en España y las posibilidades reales de una política autónoma, una vez que el Tribunal de Justicia (asunto “Pringle”) ha recordado los severos límites de la solidaridad europea. Por último se analizan críticamente algunas de las reformas legislativas recientes.
</p>
<p align="justify"><b>The European Monetary Union demands a budgetary discipline. Nonetheless, at the same time, it drastically reduces the possibilities of autonomous decision making. This paper examines the mismatch between the political debate in Spain and the actual possibilities for independent policy making; particularly, once the ECJ has recalled (in the “Pringle” case), the severe obligations arising out of the European solidarity principle. The paper concludes with a critical analysis of some of the recent regulatory reforms.
</b></p>
Mutación y ¿quiebra? constitucional de la Unión Europea
Authors: Menéndez Agustín José 
Published: September 2018

<p align="justify">La serie de crisis que sufre la Unión Europea desde finales de 2006 requieren un análisis sistemático desde una perspectiva constitucional. El presente trabajo tiene como principal objetivos el jurídico-dogmático de esclarecer el contenido sustantivo de la transformación constitucional de la Unión Europea a resultas de las medidas adoptadas para contener y eventualmente superar las citadas crisis; y el valorativo de determinar cuáles son las principales consecuencias que la mutación constitucional en marcha tiene sobre la integridad del ideal regulador del derecho constitucional de los Estados Miembros y de la Unión Europea, el Estado Social y Democrático de Derecho. En este artículo se sostiene que existen razones fundadas para concluir que la mutación constitucional pone en peligro la integridad del edificio constitucional europeo, o lo que es lo mismo, la transformación del derecho europeo en marcha conducirá a la quiebra del estado constitucional, salvo que se ponga remedio y fuerce al tren político, económico y social a cambiar de binario constitucional (a volver, en buena medida, al binario constitucional).
</p>
<p align="justify"><b>The manifold and overlapping crises of the European Union call for a systematic analysis from the perspective of constitutional law. In this article the reader is provided with a legal-dogmatic analysis of the punctual decisions and structural reforms that have been taken to contain and overcome the economic, financial, fiscal, macroeconomic and political crises; an elucidation of the resulting constitutional transformation of European Union law; and a normative assessment of the implications that the resulting constitutional mutation has, very especially with respect to the integrity of the regulatory ideal of the Social and Democratic Rechtsstaat. The main thesis of the article is that the ongoing constitutional mutation constitutes a direct threat to democratic constitutionalism in Europe. Either the constitutional changes are halted and reversed, or democratic politics is bound to become an empty shell.
</b></p>