bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Iron deficiency‐induced zinc uptake by bread wheat
Authors: Erenoğlu Emin Bülent 
Published: March 2019

AbstractThe present study aimed to test the contribution of the iron (Fe) deficiency‐induced uptake system to zinc (Zn) and copper (Cu) uptake by using bread wheat (Triticum aestivum cv. Bezostaja). For this purpose, two different uptake experiments, long‐term and short‐term, were set up in a nutrient solution culture under controlled growth chamber conditions. For the long‐term experiment, wheat cv. plants were grown with different concentrations of Fe or Zn. Results show that there was an uptake system induced under Fe‐limiting conditions which also contributed to Zn and Cu uptake. However, the Zn deficiency‐induced uptake mechanism affected neither Fe nor Cu uptake by wheat. Short‐term uptake experiments indicate that Fe deficiency‐induced Zn2+ uptake was more enhanced than the absorption of Zn‐phytosiderophore (PS) complexes. In addition, the Fe‐deficient plants absorbed more Zn in comparison to those plants supplied with sufficient Fe. Similar tendencies in Zn uptake under Fe deficiency in both short‐ and long‐term experiments suggest that there may be a specific Fe uptake system induced under Fe‐limiting conditions for non‐chelated metals in bread wheat. Moreover, this system also contributes to the transport of inorganic forms of some other metals, such as Zn and Cu. Although evidence is still needed involving the use of molecular biological techniques, it is hypothesized that IRT‐like proteins are responsible for this uptake system. Moreover, the release of Fe deficiency‐induced phytosiderophores and uptake of Fe(III)‐phytosiderophore complexes may not be the only mechanisms involved in the adaptation of wheat to Fe‐limiting conditions.
Copper tolerance and antibiotic resistance in soil bacteria from olive tree agricultural fields routinely treated with copper compounds
Authors: Glibota Nicolás , Grande Burgos Mª José , Gálvez Antonio , Ortega Elena 
Published: March 2019

AbstractBACKGROUNDHeavy metal pollution may act as persistent selective pressure that favors the spread of antimicrobial resistance in natural environments. The aim of this study was to isolate and identify metal‐tolerant bacteria from soils in olive tree fields routinely treated with copper‐derived compounds and to evaluate the tolerance of bacterial strains to other metals and their resistance to clinically relevant antibiotics.RESULTSFive hundred and ninety‐five bacterial isolates from 45 olive tree agricultural fields were studied. Minimum inhibitory concentrations (MICs) ≥ 16 mmol L−1 were detected for copper (57% of isolates), zinc (37%) and lead (62%), while only 3% had MICs ≥ 12 mmol L−1 for nickel. Ninety‐six metal‐tolerant strains were selected for identification and antibiotic resistance determination. Most isolates belonged to the genera Pseudomonas (37%), Bacillus (23%) and Chryseobacterium (20%), while 6% were identified as Variovorax, 4% as Stenotrophomonas and 2% as Serratia or Burkholderia. Highest copper tolerance was detected among Pseudomonas. Over 75% of the strains with high copper tolerance were also resistant to vancomycin, 50% to ampicillin and 40% to erythromycin or trimethoprim/sulfamethoxazole.CONCLUSIONBacteria from olive soils are tolerant to metals, mainly copper, but also zinc and lead, as well as resistant to clinically important antibiotics, which could be a troublesome issue in clinical settings. © 2019 Society of Chemical Industry
Malignant bowel obstruction
Authors: Krouse Robert S. 
Published: March 2019

AbstractMalignant bowel obstruction (MBO) is a common problem for patients with advanced malignancy, especially colorectal and ovarian cancers. Symptoms include pain, bloating, nausea and vomiting, and inability to eat. Treatment options consist of a wide range of surgical and nonsurgical interventions (medications, endoscopic, or interventional radiology approaches). Outcomes are variable no matter the strategy, and the optimal approach is often not clear. Greater research is needed to assist decision‐making for clinicians treating patients with MBO.
Innovative management of severe tracheobronchomalacia using anterior and posterior tracheobronchopexy
Authors: Lawlor Claire , Smithers Charles Jason , Hamilton Thomas , Baird Christopher , Rahbar Reza , Choi Sukgi , Jennings Russell 
Published: March 2019

Objectives/HypothesisCombined anterior and posterior tracheobronchopexy is a novel surgical approach for the management of severe tracheobronchomalacia (TBM). We present our institutional experience with this procedure. Our objective was to determine the utility and safety of anterior and posterior tracheopexy in the treatment of severe TBM.Study DesignRetrospective chart review.MethodsAll patients who underwent anterior and posterior tracheopexy from January 2013 to July 2017 were retrospectively reviewed. Charts were reviewed for indications, preoperative work‐up, tracheobronchomalacia classification and severity, procedure, associated syndromes, synchronous upper aerodigestive tract lesions, and aberrant thoracic vessels. Main outcomes measured included improvement in respiratory symptoms, successful extubation and/or decannulation, vocal fold immobility, and new tracheotomy placement.ResultsTwenty‐five patients underwent anterior and posterior tracheopexy at a mean age of 15.8 months (range, 2–209 months; mean, 31 months if 2 outliers of 206 and 209 months included). Mean length of follow‐up was 26.8 months (range, 13–52 months). Indications for surgery included apneic events, ventilator dependence, need for positive pressure ventilation, tracheotomy dependence secondary to TBM, recurrent pneumonia, and exercise intolerance. Many patients had other underlying syndromes and synchronous upper aerodigestive tract lesions (8 VACTERL, 2 CHARGE, 1 trisomy 21, 1 Feingold syndrome, 17 esophageal atresia/tracheoesophageal fistula, 20 cardiac/great vessel anomalies, 1 subglottic stenosis, 1 laryngomalacia, 7 laryngeal cleft). At preoperative bronchoscopy, 21 of 25 patients had >90% collapse of at least one segment of their trachea, and the remaining four had 70% to 90% collapse. Following anterior and posterior tracheopexy, one patient developed new bilateral vocal‐fold immobility; one patient with a preoperative left cord paralysis had a new right vocal‐fold immobility. Postoperatively, most patients had significant improvement in their respiratory symptoms (21 of 25, 84%) at most recent follow‐up. Three patients with preexisting tracheotomy were decannulated; two patients still had a tracheotomy at last follow‐up. Two patients required new tracheotomy for bilateral vocal‐fold immobility.ConclusionsCombined anterior and posterior tracheopexy is a promising new technique for the surgical management of severe TBM. Further experience and longer follow‐up are needed to validate this contemporary approach and to minimize the risk of recurrent laryngeal nerve injury.Level of Evidence4 Laryngoscope, 130:E65–E74, 2020
I guess that is fair: How the efforts of other customers influence buyer price fairness perceptions
Authors: Lastner Matthew M. , Fennell Patrick , Folse Judith A. G. , Rice Dan H. , Porter McDowell 
Published: March 2019

AbstractPast research has demonstrated that consumers' price fairness judgments are influenced by comparisons between the offer price they receive and the prices paid by other consumers for the same product offering. In today's digital age, reference points for purchases are more prevalent than ever. However, investigations on how certain inputs of the transaction affect these judgments is lacking. Specifically, extant research has failed to account for how the purchase efforts of other consumers can influence one's own price fairness evaluations. Moreover, relatively little empirical research has endeavored to understand the simultaneous cognitive and affective processes that explain how consumers arrive at price fairness judgments. To address these gaps in the literature, we introduce two studies aimed at understanding the process through which the salient efforts of referent consumers serve to mitigate perceptions of price unfairness when two customers pay different prices for the same product. The findings support a dual‐process model whereby the efforts of other (referent) customers serve to simultaneously reduce buyer anger and increase buyer understanding of the price disparity, ultimately mitigating perceptions of price unfairness.
A three‐dimensional coupled Euler‐PIC method for penetration problems
Authors: Xu Xiangzhao , Ma Tianbao , Liu Haiyan , Ning Jianguo 
Published: March 2019

SummaryIn this paper, a three‐dimensional coupled Euler‐PIC (particle in cell) method is proposed to solve the numerical analysis in which the Eulerian method cannot track the deformation process of material during the penetration problems. In the proposed method, the particles with a certain volume and influence domain are adopted to simulate real material flow, and the bidirectional mapping is achieved to physical quantities by the influence domain‐weighted average based on the topological relationship between grids and particles. For the complexity of parallel algorithm of hydrocode, the solution of data dependence and the realization of the parallel algorithm are presented. The numerical simulations of the typical penetration problems are compared with the corresponding experimental data to verify the effectiveness of the proposed method. Moreover, the numerical simulations of shaped charge and projectile penetration of reinforced concrete targets are carried out. The deformation process of reinforcing bars on the penetration process is obtained. Numerical results show that the coupled method has the advantages of both Lagrangian and Eulerian method and efficiently calculates the process of large deformation of the material.
Development of acute lymphoblastic leukemia following treatment for acute myeloid leukemia in children with Down syndrome: A case report and retrospective review of Children's Oncology Group acute myeloid leukemia trials
Authors: Murphy Brianna R. , Roth Michael , Kolb E. Anders , Alonzo Todd , Gerbing Robert , Wells Robert J. 
Published: March 2019

AbstractChildren with Down syndrome have a 150‐fold increased risk of developing acute myeloid leukemia (AML) and 20‐fold increased risk of developing acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL). Although the risk of developing AML and ALL is significantly increased in children with Down syndrome, the development of both malignancies in the same patient is very rare. We describe a patient with Down syndrome who developed ALL 6 years after being diagnosed with AML. We performed a literature review and Children's Oncology Group query and discovered eight published cases and five cases of ALL following AML in pediatric patients with Down syndrome, as well as six cases of ALL following AML in non‐Down syndrome patients. There was a similar cumulative incidence of ALL after treatment for AML in the Down syndrome and non‐Down syndrome populations. Overall survival in patients with Down syndrome who developed ALL after treatment for AML was comparable to overall survival for patients with Down syndrome with de novo ALL with an average follow‐up of 7 years after ALL diagnosis. Clinical data collected were used to discuss whether this phenomenon represents a secondary leukemia, second primary cancer, or mixed‐lineage leukemia.
Elevated tricuspid regurgitation velocity in congenital hemolytic anemias: Prevalence and laboratory correlates
Authors: Yates Amber M. , Joshi Vijaya M. , Aygun Banu , Moen Joseph , Smeltzer Matthew P. , Govindaswamy Devi , Dowdy Jola , Cotton Alyssa , Kang Guolian , Ware Russell E. , Hankins Jane S. 
Published: March 2019

AbstractElevated tricuspid valve regurgitation jet velocity (TRV ≥ 2.5 m/s) is associated with mortality among adults with sickle cell disease (SCD), but correlative biomarkers are not studied according to treatment exposure or genotypes. To investigate the associations between biomarkers and TRV elevation, we examined the relationship between TRV and hemolytic, inflammatory, and cardiac biomarkers, stratified by disease‐modifying treatments and SCD genotype. In total, 294 participants with SCD (mean age, 11.0 ± 3.7 years) and 49 hereditary spherocytosis (HS; mean age, 22.9 ± 19.75 years) were included for comparison and enrolled. TRV was elevated in 30.7% of children with SCD overall: 18.8% in HbSC/HbSβ+‐thalassemia, 28.9% in untreated HbSS/HbSβ0‐thalassemia, 34.2% in HbSS/HbSβ0‐thalassemia hydroxyurea‐treated, and 57% in HbSS/HbSβ0‐thalassemia chronic transfusion treated. TRV was elevated in 10.7% and 27.8% in HS children and adults, respectively. In children with SCD, elevated TRV was correlated with hemoglobin (odds ratio [OR] = 0.78, P = 0.004), lactate dehydrogenase (LDH; OR = 2.52, P = 0.005), and N‐terminal pro‐brain natriuretic peptide (NT‐pro BNP; OR = 1.003, P = 0.004). In multivariable logistic regression, adjusting for genotype, sex, hemolytic index, and treatment, hemoglobin concentration remained the only significant variable associated with elevated TRV in untreated HbSS/HbSβ0‐thalassemia participants. TRV was not associated with inflammatory markers, other markers of hemolysis, or NT‐pro BNP in untreated HbSS/HbSβ0‐thalassemia. Neither hemoglobin nor LDH was associated with TRV in HbSC/HbSβ+‐thalassemia. These results suggest that elevated TRV is influenced by the degree of anemia, possibly reflecting sickling as part of the disease pathophysiology. Prospective studies should monitor hemoglobin concentration as children with SCD age into adulthood, prompting initiation of TRV screening and monitoring.
Printed assemblies of microscale triple‐junction inverted metamorphic GaInP/GaAs/InGaAs solar cells
Authors: Gai Boju , Geisz John F. , Friedman Daniel J. , Chen Huandong , Yoon Jongseung 
Published: March 2019

AbstractInverted metamorphic (IMM) multijunction solar cells represent a promising material platform for ultrahigh efficiency photovoltaic systems (UHPVs) with a clear pathway to beyond 50% efficiency. The conventional device processing of IMM solar cells, however, typically involves wafer bonding of a centimeter‐scale die and destructive substrate removal, thereby imposing severe restrictions in achievable cell size, type of module substrate, spatial layout, as well as cost effectiveness. Here, we report material design and fabrication strategies for microscale triple‐junction IMM (3J IMM) Ga0.51In0.49P/GaAs/In0.26Ga0.74As solar cells that can overcome these difficulties. Specialized schemes of delineation and undercut etching enable the defect‐free release of microscale IMM solar cells and printed assemblies on a glass substrate in a manner that preserves the growth substrate, where efficiencies of 27.3% and 33.9% are demonstrated at simulated AM1.5D one‐ and 351 sun illumination, respectively. A composite carrier substrate where released IMM microcells are formed in fully functional, print‐ready configurations allows high‐throughput transfer printing of individual IMM microcells in a programmable spatial layout on versatile choices of module substrate, all desired for CPV applications.
Somatic alterations detected in diagnostic prostate biopsies provide an inadequate representation of multifocal prostate cancer
Authors: Kristiansen Anna , Bergström Rebecka , Delahunt Brett , Samaratunga Hemamali , Guðjónsdóttir Jóna , Grönberg Henrik , Egevad Lars , Lindberg Johan 
Published: March 2019

AbstractBackgroundThe majority of clinical prostate cancers are multifocal with morphological and molecular heterogeneity. Adequate tissue representation is crucial for the clinical utility of multigene panel sequencing of core needle biopsies. The aim of this study was to evaluate the genomic heterogeneity in multifocal prostate cancer and to analyze how representative preoperative biopsies are of spatially separated tumor foci.MethodsWe analyzed at least 2 tumor foci and 1 to 3 preoperative biopsy cores from 11 patients. Diagnostic biopsies, as well as fresh frozen and formalin‐fixed paraffin‐embedded samples, from major tumor foci of radical prostatectomy specimens were macrodissected for the enrichment of tumor tissue. DNA was extracted and sequenced. We analyzed structural alterations, mutations, and copy number variations and compared the genomic profiles of tumor foci with those of preoperative biopsies.ResultsAlterations were rarely shared between foci, indicating a high degree of genomic heterogeneity. In 8 of 11 men at least 1 tumor focus was represented by the biopsies defined as harboring at least 1 common clonal somatic event. In only one case, somatic alterations from two spatially separate tumors were identified in the biopsies. Of the mutations and structural variants detected in fresh frozen or formalin‐fixed paraffin‐embedded prostatectomy material, only an average of 19% (range 0‐44) and 55% (range 0‐100), respectively, were found in preoperative biopsies where a common somatic origin was established.ConclusionsMultifocal prostate cancer is a somatically heterogeneous disease in which systematic needle biopsies do not provide sufficient molecular representation of the somatic alterations detected in spatially distinct tumor areas. Targeted biopsies, directed at separate tumor foci, could potentially improve tissue representation of these heterogeneous foci in preoperative biopsies.
Endohedral and exohedral complexes of 1‐benzene with carbon nanotubes and high‐density assembly of multiple benzenes inside of a carbon nanotube
Authors: Jiang Yue , Wang Cuihong 
Published: March 2019

AbstractThe 1‐benzene was put on the inside and surface of various armchair (n, n) (n = 6‐12, 14) and zigzag (n, 0) (n = 10‐17, 20) nanotubes of different diameters. The binding structure, binding energy, and effects on binding energy were analyzed. All interaction structures and the properties of the assembled complexes were investigated via density functional tight‐binding method. Furthermore, we put multiple benzene molecules (2‐18 benzenes) inside the armchair (10, 10), (9, 9), and (8, 8) carbon nanotubes (CNTs) and found that two types of structures were formed for the endohedral complexes of multiple benzenes‐spiral symmetrical polygon and criss‐crossed types, respectively. The detail of the binding energies and structure properties for (10, 10)/kBen (k = 1‐6, 18), (9, 9)/kBen (k = 4, 5, 15), and (8, 8)/kBen (k = 1‐8) were discussed. Furthermore, the HOMOs and LUMOs of the representative complexes were also studied to illustrate the interactions. This article offers a new assembly method to prepare a high density of benzenes inside of CNTs and offers a method for benzene adsorption by CNT.
Characterization of a new component and impurities in josamycin by trap‐free two‐dimensional liquid chromatography coupled to ion trap time‐of‐flight mass spectrometry
Authors: Liu Guijun , Xu Yu , Sang Jing , Zhu Bingqi , Wang Jian 
Published: March 2019

RationaleThe toxicities of the impurities of a drug will affect the clinical effects and cause potential health risk; therefore, it is essential to study profiles of the impurities. In this study, a new structural type of component and two acid degradation impurities in josamycin were discovered and characterized for the further improvement of official monographs in pharmacopoeias.MethodsThe component and acid degradation impurities in josamycin were separated and preliminary characterized by trap‐free two‐dimensional liquid chromatography coupled to high‐resolution ion trap time‐of‐flight mass spectrometry (2D LC/IT‐TOF MS) in both positive and negative electrospray ionization mode. The eluent of each peak from the first dimensional chromatographic system was trapped by a switching valve and subsequently transferred to the second dimensional chromatographic system, which was connected to the mass spectrometer. Full scan MS was firstly conducted to obtain the exact m/z values of the molecules. Then LC/MS/MS and LC/MS/MS/MS experiments were performed on the compounds of interest.ResultsA new structural type of component, which was named as josamycin A, and two acid degradation impuritiess, which were identified as impurity I and impurity II, were discovered in josamycin. Their structures and fragmentation pattern were deduced according to MSn data. Furthermore, josamycin A was synthesized and impurity I was separated by preparative HPLC. The structures of josamycin A and the impurities were confirmed by 1H NMR and 13C NMR data.ConclusionsJosamycin A was produced when the hydroxyl group on the macrolide of josamycin was oxidized into a carbonyl group. Impurity I and impurity II were produced by the loss of one molecule of acetyl mycaminose from josamycin and josamycin A, respectively. Compared with josamycin, the experimental results showed that josamycin A had a higher antibacterial activity with similar cytotoxicity, while impurity I had no antibacterial activity but a higher cytotoxicity. As a result, the control of impurity I is significant.
On computational issues for stability analysis of LPV systems using parameter‐dependent Lyapunov functions and LMIs
Authors: A. Mozelli Leonardo , S. Adriano Ricardo L. 
Published: March 2019

SummaryRobust stability analysis of linear systems subject to time‐varying parameters is investigated. The objective is to discuss some computational issues associated with solving stability conditions based on parameter‐dependent Lyapunov functions by means of linear matrix inequalities (LMIs), which are exacerbated as the quantity of time‐varying parameters increases. A new solution related to the inclusion of the time derivatives of the parameters is proposed, improving the computational cost without resulting in much conservatism. The time complexity to solve the LMIs reduces from factorial to linear. Numerical examples are provide to illustrate the advantages of the proposed methodology.
Epistemic tools for science classrooms: The continual need to accommodate and adapt
Authors: Settlage John , Southerland Sherry A. 
Published: March 2019

AbstractEpistemic tool implementation in science classrooms builds on the practice turn unique to the current era of science education reform. In this essay, we consider how professional science engage with objects that serve epistemic goals. We also consider the challenge of adapting epistemic tools to a variety of science learning contexts.
Representational gesturing as an epistemic tool for the development of mechanistic explanatory models
Authors: Mathayas Nitasha , Brown David E. , Wallon Robert C. , Lindgren Robb 
Published: March 2019

AbstractConstructing explanatory models, in which students learn to visualize the mechanisms of unobservable entities (e.g., molecules) to explain the working of observable phenomena (e.g., air pressure), is a key practice of science. Yet, students struggle to develop and utilize such models to articulate causal‐mechanistic explanations. In this paper, we argue that representational gesturing with the hands (i.e., gesturing that models semantic content) can support the development of explanatory models. Through case studies examining middle school students gesturing during sensemaking, we show that representational gestures can support students in at least four ways: (a) they make underlying mechanisms visible, (b) they facilitate translation of a spatial model to a verbal explanation, (c) they enable model articulation while relying less on scientific terminology, and (d) they present opportunities for students to embody causal agents. In these ways, representational gesturing can be considered an epistemic tool supporting students during sensemaking and communication. We argue that instruction should attend to students’ gestures and, as appropriate, encourage students to gesture as a means of aiding the construction and articulation of causal‐mechanistic explanations. While our study explores one form of embodied representation, we encourage the field to explore embodied expressions as epistemic tools for learning.