bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
An improved current mode logic latch for high‐speed applications
Authors: Kumawat Mahesh , Upadhyay Abhishek Kumar , Sharma Sanjay , Kumar Ravi , Singh Gaurav , Vishvakarma Santosh Kumar 
Published: July 2019

SummaryIn this paper, an improved current mode logic (CML) latch design is proposed for high‐speed on‐chip applications. Transceivers use various methods in fast data transmission in wireless/wire‐line application. For an asynchronous transceiver, the improved CML latch is designed using additional NMOS transistors in conventional CML latch which helps to boost the output voltage swing. The proposed low‐power CML latch‐based frequency divider is compatible for higher operating frequency (16 GHz). Next, the delay model is also developed based on small signal equivalent circuit for the analysis of the proposed latch. The output voltage behavior of the proposed latch is analyzed using 180‐nm standard CMOS technology.
Sensitivity to AMF species is greater in late‐successional than early‐successional native or nonnative grassland plants
Authors: Cheeke Tanya E. , Zheng Chaoyuan , Koziol Liz , Gurholt Carli R. , Bever James D. 
Published: July 2019

AbstractSensitivity of plant species to individual arbuscular mycorrhizal (AM) fungal species is of primary importance to understanding the role of AM fungal diversity and composition in plant ecology. Currently, we do not have a predictive framework for understanding which plant species are sensitive to different AM fungal species. In two greenhouse studies, we tested for differences in plant sensitivity to different AM fungal species and mycorrhizal responsiveness across 17 grassland plant species of North America that varied in successional stage, native status, and plant family by growing plants with different AM fungal treatments including eight single AM fungal isolates, diverse mixtures of AM fungi, and non‐inoculated controls. We found that late successional grassland plant species were highly responsive to AM fungi and exhibited stronger sensitivity in their response to individual AM fungal taxa compared to nonnative or early successional native grassland plant species. We confirmed these results using a meta‐analysis that included 13 experiments, 37 plant species, and 40 fungal isolates (from nine publications and two greenhouse experiments presented herein). Mycorrhizal responsiveness and sensitivity of response (i.e., variation in plant biomass response to different AM fungal taxa) did not differ by the source of fungal inocula (i.e., local or not local) or plant family. Sensitivity of plant response to AM fungal species was consistently correlated with the average mycorrhizal response of that plant species. This study identifies that AM fungal identity is more important to the growth of late successional plant species than early successional or nonnative plant species, thereby predicting that AM fungal composition will be more important to plant community dynamics in late successional communities than in early successional or invaded plant communities.
Filtering and prediction of noisy and unstable signals: The case of Google Trends data
Authors: Fenga Livio 
Published: July 2019

AbstractGoogle Trends data is a dataset increasingly employed for many statistical investigations. However, care should be placed in handling this tool, especially when applied for quantitative prediction purposes. Being by design Internet user dependent, estimators based on Google Trends data embody many sources of uncertainty and instability. They are related, for example, to technical (e.g., cross‐regional disparities in the degree of computer alphabetization, time dependency of Internet users), psychological (e.g., emotionally driven spikes and other form of data perturbations), linguistic (e.g., noise generated by double‐meaning words). Despite the stimulating literature available today on how to use Google Trends data as a forecasting tool, surprisingly, to the best of the author's knowledge, it appears that to date no articles specifically devoted to the prediction of these data have been published. In this paper, a novel forecasting method, based on a denoiser of the wavelet type employed in conjunction with a forecasting model of the class SARIMA (seasonal autoregressive integrated moving average), is presented. The wavelet filter is iteratively calibrated according to a bounded search algorithm, until a minimum of a suitable loss function is reached. Finally, empirical evidence is presented to support the validity of the proposed method.
Mechanistic Insights on Reduction of Carboxamides by Diisobutylaluminum Hydride and Sodium Hydride−Iodide Composite
Authors: Ong Derek Yiren , Watanabe Kohei , Takita Ryo , Chiba Shunsuke 
Published: July 2019

AbstractThe reaction mechanisms on reduction of tertiary carboxamides by diisobutylaluminum hydride (DIBAL) and sodium hydride (NaH)‐sodium iodide (NaI) composite were elucidated by the computational and experimental approaches. Reduction of N,N‐dimethyl carboxamides with DIBAL provides the corresponding amines, whereas that with the NaH−NaI composite exclusively forms aldehyde even at high reaction temperature. DFT calculations revealed that dimeric structural nature of DIBAL and Lewis acidity on its Al center play crucial role to decompose the tetrahedral anionic carbinol amine intermediate through C−O bond cleavage. On the other hand, in the reduction with the NaH−NaI composite, the resulting tetrahedral anionic carbinol amine intermediate could be kept stable, thus providing aldehydes as a sole product by the aqueous workup
Identification of O‐acetylhomoserine sulfhydrylase, a putative enzyme responsible for methionine biosynthesis in Clostridioides difficile: Gene cloning and biochemical characterizations
Authors: Kulikova Vitalia V. , Revtovich Svetlana V. , Bazhulina Natalia P. , Anufrieva Natalya V. , Kotlov Mikhail I. , Koval Vasiliy S. , Morozova Elena A. , Hayashi Hideyuki , Belyi Yury F. , Demidkina Tatyana V. 
Published: July 2019

AbstractO‐acetylhomoserine sulfhydrylase (OAHS) is a pyridoxal 5′‐phosphate‐dependent enzyme involved in microbial methionine biosynthesis. In this study, we report gene cloning, protein purification, and some biochemical characteristics of OAHS from Clostridioides difficile. The enzyme is a tetramer with molecular weight of 185 kDa. It possesses a high activity in the reaction of L‐homocysteine synthesis, comparable to reported activities of OAHSes from other sources. OAHS activity is inhibited by metabolic end product L‐methionine. L‐Propargylglycine was found to be a suicide inhibitor of the enzyme. Substrate analogue Nγ‐acetyl‐L‐2,4‐diaminobutyric acid is a competitive inhibitor of OAHS with Ki = 0.04 mM. Analysis of C. difficile genome allows to suggest that the bacterium uses the way of direct sulfhydrylation for the synthesis of L‐methionine. The data obtained may provide the basis for further study of the role of OAHS in the pathogenic bacterium and the development of potential inhibitors.
Perinodal fibrosis developed after ultrasonography‐guided core‐needle biopsy of a contrast‐enhanced ultrasound‐detected sentinel axillary node interferes with subsequent surgical sentinel node dissection
Authors: Serquiz Nicoli , Moro Luciano , Menossi Carlos A. , Almeida Natalie R. , Baccarin Gabrielle , de Paiva Silva Geisilene R. , Shinzato Julia Y. , Derchain Sophie , Jales Rodrigo M. 
Published: July 2019

AbstractObjectiveTo evaluate perinodal fibrosis after 14‐gauge staging core‐needle biopsy (CNB) of the axillary sentinel lymph node (SLN) identified using contrast‐enhanced ultrasonography (CEUS) and its interference with subsequent surgical SLN dissection in breast cancer patients.MethodsFrequencies or means of main clinical, sonographic, pathological, and surgical characteristics were calculated. We also compared patient groups with and without perinodal pathological fibrosis.ResultsForty‐eight patients who underwent CEUS + CNB and axillary surgery were eligible for this cross‐sectional study. Axillary surgical specimens showed perinodal fibrosis in 9/48 (18.7%) patients. Interference with SLN dissection was reported in 4/48 (8.3%) patients (two hematomas, three abnormal palpation findings, and four difficult dissections). The overall surgical detection rate of SLN was 43/48 (89.6%). In the majority of cases, perinodal fibrosis was described as moderate (4/9 [44.4%]) or severe (4/9 [44.4%]). The mean time elapsed between CEUS + CNB and axillary dissection was shorter in patients with perinodal fibrosis (P = .04). Interference with SLN dissection was only reported in patients with perinodal fibrosis (P < .001). Surgical SLN detection was successful in all nine cases in which perinodal pathological fibrosis or interference with SLN dissection was reported.ConclusionPerinodal fibrosis may impair the surgical SLN dissection in early stage breast cancer patients who were staged using CEUS + CNB using a14‐gauge needle.
Lung ultrasound in the diagnosis of neonatal respiratory failure prior to patient transport
Authors: Jagła Mateusz , Grudzień Andrzej , Starzec Katarzyna , Tomasik Tomasz , Zasada Magdalena , Kwinta Przemko 
Published: July 2019

AbstractPurposeLung ultrasound (LUS) at the point‐of‐care is a new method that is increasingly used in neonatology. The aim of this study was to determine the utility of the addition of LUS prior to the interhospital transport of neonates with respiratory failure.MethodsLUS was performed on 50 newborns with respiratory failure prior to transport to a tertiary neonatal intensive care unit. We analyzed the performance of LUS for diagnosing the cause of respiratory failure, the concordance between LUS, chest X‐ray (CXR) and final clinical diagnosis, and the impact of LUS on clinical decision making before transport.ResultsLUS sensitivity for the diagnosis of respiratory distress syndrome was 91.3% (95%CI: 70.5‐98.5%), and specificity was 92.6% (95%CI: 74.2‐98.7%), whereas sensitivity and specificity of CXR were 69.6% (95%CI: 47.0‐85.9%) and 81.5% (95%CI: 61.2‐92.9%), respectively. For the recognition of pneumothorax (PTX) LUS had a sensitivity of 83.3% (95%CI: 36.5‐99.1%) and a specificity of 100% (95%CI: 89.9‐100%). For CXR, sensitivity was 16.7% (95%CI: 0.01‐63.5%) and specificity was 97.7% (95%CI: 86.4‐99.9%). The agreement between LUS and CXR in diagnosing the cause of respiratory failure was substantial (κ of 0.57 [95%CI: 0.40‐0.74]) and the agreement between LUS and the final clinical diagnosis was very good (κ of 0.86 [95%CI: 0.74‐0.98]). In 42% of the patients, a LUS examination prior to transport indicated the need for endotracheal tube repositioning or PTX decompression.ConclusionLUS may be a reliable imaging technique for differentiating the causes of respiratory failure before neonatal transport. Use of LUS may optimize the care of infants during transport.
Circadian dysfunction in the Q175 model of Huntington's disease: Network analysis
Authors: Smarr Benjamin , Cutler Tamara , Loh Dawn H. , Kudo Takashi , Kuljis Dika , Kriegsfeld Lance , Ghiani Cristina A. , Colwell Christopher S. 
Published: July 2019

AbstractDisturbances in sleep/wake cycle are a common complaint of individuals with Huntington's disease (HD) and are displayed by HD mouse models. The underlying mechanisms, including the possible role of the circadian timing system, have been the topic of a number of recent studies. The (z)Q175 mouse is a knock‐in model in which the human exon 1 sequence of the huntingtin gene is inserted into the mouse DNA with approximately 190 CAG repeats. Among the numerous models available, the heterozygous Q175 offers strong construct validity with a single copy of the mutation, genetic precision of the insertion and control of mutation copy number. In this review, we will summarize the evidence that this model exhibits disrupted diurnal and circadian rhythms in locomotor activity. We found overwhelming evidence for autonomic dysfunction including blunted daily rhythms in heart rate and core body temperature (CBT), reduced heart rate variability, and almost a complete failure of the sympathetic arm of the autonomic nervous system to function during the baroreceptor reflex. Mechanistically, the Q175 mouse model exhibits deficits in the neural output of the central circadian clock, the suprachiasmatic nucleus along with an enhancement of at least one type of potassium current in these neurons. Finally, we report a novel network analysis examining the phase coherence between activity, CBT, and cardiovascular measures. Such analyses found that even young Q175 mutants (heterozygous or homozygous) show coherence degradation, and suggests that loss of phase coherence is a variable that should be considered as a possible biomarker for HD.
Stakeholder priorities for inclusive accessible housing: A systematic review and multicriteria decision analysis
Authors: Lakhani Ali , Zeeman Heidi , Wright Courtney J. , Watling David P. , Smith Dianne , Islam Rafikul 
Published: July 2019

AbstractThe lack of inclusive, accessible housing that meets the needs of people with physical and cognitive disability is a global issue. The inadequacy of inclusive housing development is partly a result of divergent priorities and poor coordination between housing, health, and disability sector stakeholders—public and private developers, designers, architects, occupational therapists, and disability service organizations. This paper provides findings from an Australian Research Council funded study where the analytic hierarchy process (AHP) was utilized to compare and contrast inclusive housing development priorities among relevant stakeholders. A multistage process was undertaken to ascertain the AHP criteria for inclusive housing development decisions, including a systematic review of peer‐reviewed and grey literature, in addition to a structured focus group with end users (n = 17) and an industry stakeholder online survey (n = 130). Finally, a subgroup of industry stakeholders (n = 29) representing the housing, health, and disability sectors completed the AHP to establish decision priorities. The final AHP model indicated three broad clusters of decision priorities for inclusive accessible housing development: end‐user connectedness, building considerations, and feasibility, respectively. Global weights conclude that specific end‐user connectedness elements, namely, “access to health care,” “community engagement,” “proximity to transport,” and “security and safety,” were the foremost priorities. It is expected that inclusive housing development decisions that integrate the connectedness of end users first and foremost, with building and feasibility priorities, will favourably impact the housing opportunities and choices for people with disability.
Correlation of EYS polymorphisms with lumbar disc herniation risk among Han Chinese population
Authors: Ji Demin , Xing Wenhua , Li Feng , Huang Zhi , Zheng Wenkai , Hu Baoyang , Niu FangLin , Zhu Yong , Yang Xuejun 
Published: July 2019

AbstractBackgroundLumbar disc herniation (LDH) is a common spinal disease in clinical practice. Once lumbar disc herniation occurs, it seriously reduces patient's quality of life. The EYS (eyes shut homolog) was discovered in recent years and it may be related to lumbar disc herniation. So we conducted a case–control study to explore the relationship between EYS polymorphism and lumbar disc herniation risk.MethodsWe selected 5 single‐nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) of EYS gene in a case–control study with 508 cases and 508 healthy controls to evaluate the relatedness by using genetic model, haplotype, and stratification analysis.ResultsWe found that the minor alleles of rs62413038 (OR = 1.21, 95%CI: 1.01–1.43, p = .036) and rs9450607 (OR = 1.26, 95% CI: 1.05–1.53, p = .016) were associated with an increased risk of lumbar disc herniation in the allelic model analysis. In the genotypic model analysis, rs62413038 displayed a significantly increased risk of lumbar disc herniation in log‐additive models (OR = 1.20, 95% CI: 1.01–1.43, p = .039). While the rs9450607 was also obviously associated with an increased lumbar disc herniation risk in recessive (OR = 1.98, 95% CI: 1.24–3.13, p = .004) and log‐additive models (OR = 1.27, 95% CI: 1.05–1.55, p = .014). In addition, in the haplotype analyses of the SNPs, we found that the “CGGA” haplotype of rs1482456, rs9342097, rs9450607, and rs7757884 was associated with lumbar disc herniation. (OR = 0.52, 95% CI: 0.30–0.89, p = .017).ConclusionThese results suggest that EYS polymorphism may be associated with lumbar disc herniation among Han Chinese population. It also opens up a new exploration direction for the etiology of lumbar disc herniation.
ICS debate article—childbirth, modes of delivery, and pelvic floor dysfunction—challenges in educating women about modes of delivery and granting an informed decision process
Authors: Lemos Nucelio , Doumouchtsis Stergios K. 
Published: July 2019

AbstractThe impact of the mode of birth on the mother and fetus has been a popular topic for a long‐standing debate. Several morbidities have been associated with one mode of delivery or another. When this debate focuses specifically on the effects of vaginal birth or cesarean delivery on pelvic floor function and dysfunction, current research‐based evidence fails to provide clear answers as many contributing and confounding factors, and other limitations inherent to the evidence itself blur the links between causes and outcomes.This debate article provides and overview of the biopsychosocial gaps on this subject and raises questions to the current state in patient counselling on labour and delivery.
Clinical evaluation of the Uphold LITE mesh for the surgical treatment of anterior and apical prolapse: A prospective, multicentre trial
Authors: Allegre Lucie , Debodinance Philippe , Demattei Christophe , Fabbro Peray Pascale , Cayrac Mélanie , Fritel Xavier , Courtieu Christophe , Fatton Brigitte , de Tayrac Renaud 
Published: July 2019

AbstractAimsTo evaluate the safety and efficacy of the Uphold LITE mesh in the treatment of pelvic organ prolapse at 12‐month follow‐up.MethodsWomen undergoing a mesh surgery due to an anterior prolapse plus a symptomatic anterior prolapse (classed as pelvic organ prolapse quantification stage ≥2) were included in this prospective, multicentre, observational study. The primary endpoint was a composite outcome including a good anatomical correction, no prolapse symptoms, and no reintervention for an anterior or apical recurrent prolapse within 12 months of surgery. Secondary outcomes included safety, improvements in quality of life (QoL), and risk factor for recurrence. This study was registered with ClinicalTrials.gov, number NCT01559168.ResultsA total of 121 patients were included. Symptomatic and anatomic cure rates were 94% (95 of 101) and 76.8% (76 of 99), respectively. The composite success rate was 72.4% (71 of 98). The rate of reoperation for apical or anterior recurrent prolapse was 3.9% (4 of 103). Anatomical anterior or apical recurrence occurred in 18.2% (18 of 97) and 7.2% (7 of 97) of patients, respectively. The composite success rate was significantly higher in centres where more than 30 patients had been treated (80% vs 50%; P = .045). The rate of serious complication was 5.4% (6 of 111). Improvements were recorded in QoL including sexual function.ConclusionsThe Uphold LITE mesh procedure provides satisfactory outcomes in the treatment of anterior and apical prolapse, particularly in high‐volume centres. The rates of adverse effects and reintervention for recurrent prolapse were acceptable.
1H‐NMR and GC for detection of adulteration in commercial essential oils of Cymbopogon ssp
Authors: Cerceau Cristiane I. , Barbosa Luiz C.A. , Alvarenga Elson S. , Maltha Celia R.A. , Ismail Fyaz M.D. 
Published: July 2019

AbstractIntroductionEssential oils of Cymbopogon nardus and C. winterianus have fungicidal, bactericidal, and insect repellent activities. In addition, they are components of fragrances, cosmetics, and household products. The growing demand for essential oils has intensified adulteration practices of such products.ObjectivesTo evaluate the authenticity and quality of citronella commercial essential oils based on chemical composition [by gas chromatography mass spectrometry (GC‐MS)] and the contents of its major constituents [by 1H‐NMR, and gas chromatography with a flame ionisation detector using internal standardisation (GC‐IS)].Materials and MethodsThe chemical composition of essential oil was determined by GC‐MS. Major components were quantified by 1H‐NMR and the results compared to those obtained by GC‐IS.ResultsThe adulteration of oils was verified by GC and 1H‐NMR. In the pure oils, the results obtained by 1H‐NMR were similar to those obtained by GC‐IS for most of the oils. However, in adulterated oils, signal overlap prevented the quantification of citronellol and geraniol by NMR. Importantly, due to dilution with dipropylene glycol it was not possible to quantify citronellal using 1H‐NMR. However, for both pure and adulterated oils, GC‐IS method proved successful in quantifying notable constituents.ConclusionAll the methods used proved efficient in detecting adulteration. However, whilst GC‐IS provided quantification of constituents of interest, both in pure and adulterated oils, their quantification by NMR was only possible in non‐adulterated samples. None of the oils evaluated presented a composition within the threshold established by British Pharmacopoeia quality standards.
Chemotaxonomic studies of 12 Dioscorea species from China by UHPLC‐QTOF‐MS/MS analysis
Authors: Li Xuejiao , Wang Ying , Sun Jiachen , Li Xia , Zhao Chengcheng , Zhao Ping , Man Shuli , Gao Wenyuan 
Published: July 2019

AbstractIntroductionDioscorea species, which contain abundant steroidal saponins, have been used as folk medicines or raw materials to synthesise steroid drugs.ObjectiveTo establish a rapid chemotaxonomic method that will comprehensively resolve confusions about genetic relationships of genus Dioscorea.MethodsA comprehensive strategy using ultra‐high‐performance liquid chromatography coupled with quadrupole time‐of‐flight tandem mass spectrometry (UHPLC‐QTOF‐MS/MS) was firstly proposed to evaluate the chemotaxonomy of 12 species (27 taxa) from China by hierarchical cluster analysis (HCA) based on the variations of the identified metabolites.ResultsTwenty‐eight secondary metabolites (mainly steroidal saponins) were identified. The MSn fragmentation patterns of DA (a new acetylated steroidal saponin at C‐7 position) were firstly reported. Moreover, eight major steroidal saponins were further quantified simultaneously by UPLC‐QTOF‐MS method. According to HCA results, D. bulbifera L. was distinguished with species of sect. Stenophora Uline for pennogenin‐type steroidal saponins. Dioscorea zingiberensis exhibited far distance from other members of sect. Stenophora Uline for two unique saponins. Dioscorea banzhuana may be reclassified into sect. Stenophora. Dioscorea nipponica subsp. rosthornii and D. collettii var. hypoglauca might be separated from their original subspecies/varieties as new species, respectively.ConclusionThe chemotaxonomic method was successfully applied in the study of genetic relationships of Dioscorea species. This study not only enhanced the understanding of chemical constituents, but also laid basic theoretical foundations for the rational utilisation and chemotaxonomy of genus Dioscorea.