bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Importance of methodological details in the measurement of cortisol in human hair
Authors: Balagova Lucia , Jezova Daniela 
Published: August 2018

Abstract

Objective. The measurement of cortisol in hair became a popular and frequently used methodology in human stress research. This methodological approach, depending on the length of hair analyzed, allows to reflect cortisol secretion over prolong time periods in a retrospective fashion. There is a big variability in the experimental approaches to cortisol extraction used in individual laboratories. Moreover, there are many methodological details which are not described in most of the published papers, although they may be influential. The aim of the present study was to identify and optimize selected methodological steps of hair cortisol extraction.

Methods. As the starting point served the methodology of Xiang et al. (2016). A hair pool was used to test the procedures. The main steps modified were pulverization, methanol extraction and centrifugation.

Results. In the presented procedure, we decreased the speed and duration of the pulverization, we increased the volume of methanol and increased the time and speed of centrifugation. The results showed obtaining lower variability and higher cortisol concentrations than those we obtained by the methodology of Xiang et al. (2016), which was optimized.

Conclusion. The presented methodology is relatively simple and is likely to provide reliable results with low variability of cortisol concentrations measured in the same sample.
LDL and HDL lipoprotein subfractions in multiple sclerosis patients with decreased insulin sensitivity
Authors: Radikova Zofia , Penesova Adela , Vlcek Miroslav , Havranova Andrea , Sivakova Monika , Siarnik Pavel , Zitnanova Ingrid , Imrich Richard , Kollar Branislav , Turcani Peter 
Published: August 2018

Abstract

Objectives. Increased metabolic and cardiovascular morbidity has been reported in multiple sclerosis (MS) patients. Previously, we have found decreased insulin sensitivity and hyperinsulinemia in a group of newly diagnosed MS patients. We hypothesize that these features may be associated with an altered lipid profile and low, intermediate, or high density lipoprotein (LDL, IDL, HDL) subclasses accelerating atherosclerosis and thus contributing to the cardiovascular risk increase in these patients.

Subjects and methods. In a group of 19 newly diagnosed untreated MS patients with previously found hyperinsulinemia and insulin resistance and a matched group of 19 healthy controls, the lipoprotein subclasses profile was determined. Polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis was used to separate and measure the LDL (large LDL and small dense LDL), HDL (large, intermediate and small), and IDL (A, B and C) subclasses with the Lipoprint© System (Quantimetrix Corporation, Redondo Beach, CA, USA).

Results. No difference was found either in the conventional lipid or lipoprotein subclasses profile between the MS patients and healthy controls. We found an inverse association between the level of IDL-B with fasting insulin (r=–0.504, p=0.032), the insulin resistance estimated by homeo-static model assessment – insulin resistance (HOMA-IR) (r=–0.498, p=0.035), insulin response expressed as area under the curve (AUC; r=–0.519, p=0.027), and area above the baseline (AAB; r=–0.476, p=0.045) and positive association with insulin sensitivity estimated by insulin sensitivity index (ISI) Matsuda (r=0.470, 0.048) in MS patients, but not in healthy controls suggesting the first signs in lipoprotein subclasses profile change.

Conclusions. Our data indicate that changes in lipoprotein profile and subclasses are preceded by insulin resistance and hyperinsulinemia in patients with newly diagnosed MS.
Unexpected bleeding after Exenatide treatment: a causative relationship or a coincidence?
Authors: Khoury Johad , Andrawus Elias , Bishop Boaz Y. , Azzam Zaher S. 
Published: August 2018

Abstract

Objectives. Diabetes mellitus is an endemic disease of the current era. It is important to treat it properly. All antidiabetic medications have side effects and various safety profiles.

Case report. Fifty-two years old patient with type II diabetes mellitus, who had spontaneous cutaneous and intra muscular bleeding after starting treatment with Exenatide. The patient’s history did not include any kind of spontaneous bleeding. Investigations did not reveal abnormal platelets count and function or coagulation profile. The use of the Exenatide was discontinued and during one year of follow-up, the patient did not experience an additional occurrence of spontaneous bleeding.

Conclusions. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first report of spontaneous bleeding probably caused by Exenatide. The exact pathophysiology, by which the drug can cause spontaneous bleeding, is still not clear and has to be revealed.
Acute Pulmonary Embolism in a Teenage Female – A Case Report
Authors: Armean Iulia , Meliț Lorena Elena , Simu Iunius , Duicu Carmen 
Published: August 2018

Abstract
Thrombophilia represents a tendency towards excessive blood clotting and the subsequent development of venous thromboembolism (VTE). VTE is a rare condition in children that comprises both deep venous thrombosis (DVT) and pulmonary embolism (PE). This paper reports the case of a 16-year-old girl, admitted to the Pediatrics Clinic No. 1, Tîrgu Mureș, Romania, for dyspnea, chest pain and loss of consciousness. Her personal history showed that she had had two orthopedic surgical interventions in infancy, two pregnancies, one spontaneous miscarriage and a recent caesarian section at 20 weeks of gestation for premature detachment of a normally positioned placenta associated with a deceased fetus. Laboratory tests showed increased levels of D-dimers. Angio-Computed Tomography (Angio-CT) showed multiple filling defects in both pulmonary arteries, establishing the diagnosis of PE. The laboratory tests were undertaken to assist in the diagnoses of a possible thrombophilia underlined a low level of antithrombin III. Antiphospholipid syndrome was ruled out and genetic tests revealed no specific mutation. Anticoagulant therapy was initiated with unfractionated heparin and afterwards subcutaneously low molecular heparin was prescribed for three months. Later it has been changed to oral therapy with acenocoumarol. The patient was discharged in good general status with the recommendation of life-long anticoagulation therapy. Thrombophilia is a significant risk factor for PE, and it must be ruled out in all cases of repeated miscarriage.
Legality Letter of Statement of Khilaf in Indonesia Criminal Justice System
Authors: Hutabarat Rugun Romaida 
Published: August 2018

In criminal law, a person charged with a criminal offense may be punished if it meets two matters, namely his act is unlawful, and the perpetrator of a crime may be liable for the indicated action (the offender's error) or the act may be dismissed to the perpetrator, and there is no excuse. The reasons may result in the death or the removal of the implied penalty. But it becomes a matter of how if the Letter of Statement Khilaf is the answer to solve the legal problems. The person who refuses or does not do what has been stated in the letters is often called "wanprestasi" because the statement is categorized as an agreement. The statement includes an agreement which is the domain of civil law or criminal law, so its application in the judicial system can be determined. This should be reviewed in the application of the law, are there any rules governing wrong statements in the criminal justice system. By using a declaration of khilaf as a way out of criminal matters, then the statement should be known in juridical rules. This study uses normative juridical methods, by conceptualizing the law as a norm rule which is a benchmark of human behavior, with emphasis on secondary data sources collected from the primary source of the legislation. The result of this research is that the statement of khilaf has legality, it is based on Jurisprudence No. 3901 K / Pdt / 1985 jo Article 189 Paragraph (1) of Indonesian criminal procedure law. However, this oversight letter needs to be verified in front of the court to be valid evidence, but this letter of error is not a deletion of a criminal offense, because the culpability of the defendant has justified the crime he committed. Such recognition, cannot make it free from the crime that has been committed.Keywords: Legality, Letter of Statement, Criminal Justice System
The Implementation of Diversion by the Investigator of Bandung Police Department Towards Narcotics Cases Conducted by Children
Authors: Akhmadi Herdiansyah , Tajudin Ijud 
Published: August 2018

Narcotics crime is not only done by someone who has entered adulthood. In fact, the involvement of children in the vicious circle of narcotic crime has often been encountered. In response, the Government issued Law No. 11 Year 2012 on the Criminal Justice System for Children to accommodate children with legal problems. In the Criminal Justice System Law for Children found a concept that is not encountered in another law that is diversion. Diversion is the transfer of the settlement of child cases from criminal justice process to process outside of criminal justice process. The requirement for a child to be made a diversion effort is a criminal threat against the child is not more than 7 (seven) years and not the repetition of criminal offense. Drug Division of Bandung City Police Department in the period of investigation 2015 - 2017 has handled 7 (seven) narcotics cases done by the child. The success rate of diversion in the BCPD is more than 50%, although not a few factors can hamper the enforcement of diversion itself. This study aims to find out how the process of diversion conducted by BCPD Drug Division and whatever obstacles they face. This research was conducted using normative juridical approach method and empirical juridical research specification, that is by examining secondary data consisting of primary law material, secondary law material, and field research in the form of a third party related interview. It can be argued that the application of diversion is not easy but does not make the process of applying diversion of children stalled. In addition to the necessary reforms in the aspect of a legislative establishment, it is also necessary to develop the infrastructure and capacity building of the law enforcement in the implementation of the diversion process, so that the implementation of diversion system can be done optimally. Thus, Indonesia as a just state of law can provide complete protection and justice for children from the conventional criminal justice systems Keywords: Child Criminal Court System, Diversion, Law Enforcement
Tuning the Collapse Transition of Weakly Charged Polymers by Ion-Specific Screening and Adsorption
Authors: Chudoba Richard , Heyda Jan , Dzubiella Joachim 
Published: August 2018

The experimentally observed swelling and collapse response of weakly charged polymers to the addition of specific salts displays quite convoluted behavior that is not easy to categorize. Here we use a minimalistic implicit solvent / explicit salt simulation model with a focus on ion-specific interactions between ions and a single weakly charged polyelectrolyte to qualitatively explain the observed effects.In particular, we demonstrate ion-specific screening and bridging effects cause collapse at low salt concentrations whereas the same strong ion-specific direct interactions drive re-entrant swelling at high concentrations. Consistently with experiments, a distinct salt concentration at which the salting-out power of anions inverts from the reverse to direct Hofmeister series is observed. At this, so called ‘isospheric point’, the ion-specific effects vanish. Furthermore, with additional simplifying assumptions, an ion-specific mean-field model is developed for the collapse transition which quantitatively agrees with the simulations. Our work demonstrates the sensitivity of the structural behavior of charged polymers to the addition of specific salt and shall be useful for further guidance of experiments.
Evaluación de hongos entomopatógenos para el control biológico del mosquito Culex quinquefasciatus
Authors: Rivera Pineda Martha Giselle , Garzón Lozano Sandra Patricia , Villarreal Salazar Luz Inés 
Published: August 2018

En busca de una alternativa de control del mosquito Culex quinquefasciatus en áreas urbanas se desarrolló el proyecto: “Evaluación de microorganismos biocontroladores sobre el mosquito Culex quinquefasciatus” cuyo objetivo fue evaluar la capacidad biocontroladora de diferentes hongos entomopatógenos sobre larvas del mosquito a nivel de laboratorio. Se evaluaron 16 aislamientos de hongos en diferentes concentraciones. Se constataron diferencias en el porcentaje de mortalidad producido en larvas de Cx. quinquefasciatus dependientes del tipo de aislamiento, de la concentración utilizada y del tiempo de exposición. Los aislamientos que presentaron el nivel de mortalidad más alto pertenecen a la especie Metarhizium anisopliae, seguidos por aislamientos de la especie Beauveria bassiana. El aislamiento que presentó el mayor nivel de mortalidad (100%) en menor tiempo de exposición (24 horas) fue Metarhizium anisopliae 99068 en una concentración de 1x106 e/ml. Por lo tanto este aislamiento es recomendado para su evaluación en campo y desarrollo de un producto comercial.
El desarrollo sostenible y sustentable como factor de crecimiento económico y social
Authors: Sánchez Sánchez Fernando 
Published: August 2018

Los factores del desarrollo están asociados a una serie de variables, que permiten que las regiones crezcan de manera sostenible y sustentable, factor que necesariamente se da cuando hay una conciencia directa alrededor de la cantidad de recursos naturales que tiene un ecosistema y de sus factores de explotación, preservación y conservación. Lo ambiental ha tenido un papel apenas marginal en la teoría del desarrollo, donde ha ocupado una posición subordinada respecto a la prioridad que se otorga al crecimiento económico. De este modo, lo ambiental se ha constituido en el convidado del piedra del desarrollo, un factor aludido y eludido al mismo tiempo que, sin embargo, ha terminado por convertirse en el elemento desencadenante de todas las contradicciones que esa teoría alberga en su seno. Por lo mismo, y más allá, esta tergiversación de lo ambiental apuntaba a otra de más amplio alcance: la del significado histórico del desarrollismo liberal de la II posguerra, en tanto de marco de relación entre las especie humana y el mundo natural, tal como seexpresa en la situación de crecimiento económico sostenido –aunque mediocre e incierto– combinado con deterioro social y degradación social constantes, que caracteriza la evolución de nuestros países dentro del sistema mundial.
“Creando y sintiendo”
Authors: Reyes Escallón Mabel Constanza , Fajardo Velasco Jhon Fernando 
Published: August 2018

Objetivo. El presente trabajo muestra las relaciones encontradas entre educación, cultura de paz y las artes plásticas, a partir de las percepciones de los estudiantes de educación media de la jornada tarde, en el colegio Nueva Delhi, con quienes se desarrolló un proceso reflexivo sobre diferentes manifestaciones de violencia y construcción de cultura de paz. El proceso investigativo se orientó en el marco de la Cátedra de Paz, el posicionamiento, la indagación y caracterización de problemáticas derivadas de la sensibilización frente a situaciones relacionadas con violencia, enfocadas a hacer visibles aspectos de género mediante representaciones simbólicas.
Metodología. El enfoque metodológico seleccionado fue la investigación cualitativa, paradigma que aporto a la investigación una mirada relacionada con el estudio de la realidad, en este caso la realidad escolar, su relación entre la educación, la construcción de la cultura de paz y las artes plásticas.
Resultados. La experiencia práctica permitió comprender y analizar en el ámbito educativo, los aportes y limitaciones de las artes plásticas como estrategia didáctica para el fortalecimiento en la construcción de cultura de paz y reveló que mediante éstas no solo se puede contribuir a mejorar actitudes y conductas frente al manejo de conflictos; también se convierte en un medio de libre expresión de sentires, de comunicación y difusión de las voces de jóvenes, que pertenecen a una generación en tiempos de postconflicto a nivel nacional, a una comunidad en condiciones de vulnerabilidad a nivel local, debido a condiciones emergentes en el entorno y de manera tácita a movimientos de paz a nivel mundial.
Originalidad. El desarrollo plástico se materializa en una instalación de carácter artístico, donde se muestran objetos construidos por los estudiantes que participan y aportan reconociendo y transformando de manera creativa acciones conflictivas que se traducen en algún tipo de violencia.
Ciudadanía restringida de las mujeres víctimas del conflicto armado en Colombia debido a las barreras de acceso a la justicia
Authors: Corena Alexa , Suárez Jorge E. 
Published: August 2018

La violencia contra la mujer es tema pertinente para el análisis y la construcción de propuestas y alternativas de solución a este tipo de violencia que persiste en todos los escenarios, siendo más exacerbado e intenso en los espacios geográficos, sociales y culturales de conflicto armado en los que las mujeres son blanco de ataques propiciados por el hecho de “ser mujer” y que les revictimiza debido que se les impide ejercer sus derechos y libertades fundamentales, es decir su ciudadanía. El presente documento, teoriza en los temas de ciudadanía y acceso a la justicia a partir del enfoque de derechos humanos, evidenciando la articulación que existe entre estos componentes. Adicionalmente, describe las barreras de acceso a la justicia y presenta una reflexión que permite concluir que estos obstáculos impiden el ejercicio pleno de la ciudadanía a mujeres víctimas del conflicto armado, debido a que todos ellos obedecen a patrones sociales y culturales sobre los cuales se construyeron sociedades fundamentadas en las relaciones históricamente desiguales, de poder entre hombres y mujeres y se hallan anclados en la cultura patriarcal.
Control Points of the Compaction Technology for Subgrades and Pavements in Municipal Road Engineering
Authors: Li Pingju , Shi Mengzhen 
Published: August 2018

With the rapid development of currentÂ social economy, Chinaâ€™s infrastructure construction is constantly increasing. The development of transportation industry and road structure which serve as infrastructure facility for the vehicles are fundamental aspect in economy growth. Itâ€™s not only convenience to people fortravel, but also as a good foundation for the development of economy. Therefore, the quality of road construction is of great significance importance in the process of development. As technology advances, engineering construction is continuously expanding, especially in the road engineering sector. In this point, itâ€™s necessary to impose strict quality control over related matters and ensure the quality and safety of municipal road construction. In the construction of municipal road engineering, one of the most important components is the compaction of subgrades and pavements, which requires more supervision. The compaction should match the requirements of road design and implementrelevant work.
Standardization of Russian Management Accounting as a Condition for its Further Development
Authors: Vakhrushina M. A. 
Published: August 2018

The subject of this article is the multitude of processes of management accounting standardization. Its goal is to justify the need for standardization of management accounting as an initial stage in the development of its institutional environment and working out ways to solve this problem.To achieve this goal, the present article analyzes Russian and foreign scientific publications which are devoted to the problems of standardization of the accounting system, and critically assesses the current practice in the field of standardization of management accounting. In the process of research, the methods of logical and expert analysis were used.The article outlines the negative consequences of the lack of institutional regulation of management accounting inRussia— both for the further development of its theory and for practical advancement. The negative impact of the current situation on the educational process was especially noted.The urgent need for standardization of Russian management accounting as the first stage of the institution of its institutional regulation has been revealed. Particular attention is paid to possible directions of standardization of management accounting in the public sector, as well as the development of a professional standard «Managerial Accounting Specialist».The conclusion is made on the need to standardize management accounting at two levels — macroeconomic, which involves developing standards that take into account the specifics of different sectors of the economy, and at the level of microeconomics, which means the development of internal standards and regulations directly by business entities, taking into account the first-level standards.
Efecto de la densidad de cosecha en rendimiento de frijol Pinto Saltillo de riego en Chihuahua, México
Authors: Jiménez Galindo José Cruz , Acosta Gallegos Jorge Alberto 
Published: August 2018

Se describen estudios sobre el uso de las altas densidades en frijol de riego en el estado de Chihuahua. La mayoría de los productores de frijol de riego cosechan una densidad por debajo de las recomendaciones de INIFAP. Los objetivos de los estudios aquí reportados fueron: a) realizar un muestreo aleatorio en parcelas comerciales de productores de frijol de riego en Chihuahua para determinar la población de plantas en uso; y b) evaluar el rendimiento de grano de la variedad Pinto Saltillo de riego con diferentes densidades, localidades y años. El muestreo de densidad en parcelas de productores de frijol de riego se realizó en 2009. Los experimentos para determinar el uso de altas densidades o densidades óptimas se realizaron en 2010 en Fco. I. Madero, Bachiniva y en 2011 en Carbajal de Abajo, Cusihuiriachi e Independencia, Namiquipa. En cada localidad se utilizó el sistema de riego disponible por el productor pivote central, en las dos primeras localidades y sistema de aspersión manual en la tercera localidad. La fertilización y el manejo vario de acuerdo al productor. Las densidades utilizadas variaron desde 1 hasta 16 plantas por metro lineal (planta por m-1). La densidad promedio recomendada para frijol de riego en las tres localidades fue la de 8 planta por m-1 (100 000 plantas por hectárea en la cosecha). Al determinar un promedio de rendimiento de grano en las tres localidades estudiadas resultó un incremento de 1 966.2 a 2 305.7 kg ha-1, de esta forma sembrando la densidad óptima se podría incrementar el rendimiento de frijol de riego como lo prevé el Gobierno Federal de aumentar el promedio nacional del frijol de riego de 1 700 kg ha-1 a un rango de 2 000 a 2 500 kg ha-1.