bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Modeling Student Negotiation of Assessment‐Related Epistemological Messages in a College Science Course
Authors: Schwarz Cara E. , DeGlopper Kimberly S. , Greco Nicole C. , Russ Rosemary S. , Stowe Ryan L. 
Published: November 2024

ABSTRACTTo prepare students to use science knowledge in their later personal or professional lives, we must attend to what they believe it means to know and learn science (i.e., epistemology). Unfortunately, we have little understanding of how students' epistemologies shift and are stabilized as they navigate their science courses. Researchers have made intuitive arguments that many microscale epistemological messages sum over time to give rise to macro‐scale understandings of knowing and learning, but we have no theoretical model for how this sum unfolds. Here, we begin to build such a theoretical model. To do so, we focus on assessments and related materials in a college chemistry course as potentially consequential sources of messages about valued knowledge products and processes. We then elicited students' evolving understandings of assessment‐related epistemological messages in several one‐on‐one interviews conducted throughout the semester. Analysis of how three students experienced, negotiated, and responded to assessment‐related messages showed that interactions with the course system stabilized a consistent, well‐resolved picture of the ways of knowing and learning that counted in the focal course. Specifically, good knowledge must have specific authority‐mandated features and knowledge is justified primarily via alignment with an instructor‐authored key. Students found utility in different (reliable) processes for achieving the aim of authorized knowledge, and some of these differences were maintained throughout the semester. Implications for modeling students' experience with course‐embedded epistemological messages over time and how this work might inform practice are discussed.
A Retrospective Single-Institute Study Reveals a Vertical Gradient of the Density of Cutaneous Melanoma from Head to Toe
Authors: Musicante Meryl , Ferrer James , Lin Jianjian , Patel Tejesh Surendr , Liu-Smith Feng 
Published: November 2024

Abstract

Background
The bodily distribution of melanoma is frequently reported without consideration of the skin surface area, which could be misleading in melanoma risk regarding anatomical sites.

Objectives
To gain insights into the melanoma distribution on the body surface when the body surface area is considered.

Methods
Cutaneous melanoma data were extracted from a single dermatopathology laboratory, and the relative density from each body site was calculated by taking into consideration the skin surface area. Data from a previous publication were analyzed as a validation. Surveillance, Epidemiology and End Results Program data were also used for comparison.

Results
Relative tumour density (RTD) of melanoma in men and women exhibits a moderate head-to-toe linear gradient, with the upper body sites showing higher density than the lower body sites in general. In particular, the ear and face show the highest RTD while the least UVR (ultraviolet radiation)-exposed buttock, abdomen and groin have the lowest, followed by the thigh and lower legs. The trend is similar in both sexes, but more obvious for men.

Conclusions
It was well documented that the trunk and lower legs are the most frequently diagnosed sites for men and women, respectively. However, when the surface area is considered, the melanoma distribution exhibits a rough head-to-toe gradient, which perhaps reflects a combined effect of solar UVR and clothing coverage. UVR protection on the face and ear should be emphasized as these are the sites with the highest RTDs.
On–Off Switching of Singlet Self‐Trapped Exciton Emission Endows Antimony‐Doped Indium Halides with Excitation‐Wavelength‐Dependent Luminescence
Authors: Yang Xinyu , Zhao Hongyuan , Wen Ziying , Bai Yunfei , Meng Qichao , Sun Haibo , Ding Xihong , Jiang Junke , Huang Dan , Yu William W. , Liu Feng 
Published: November 2024

AbstractExcitation‐wavelength‐dependent (Ex‐De) emitters are a fascinating category of luminescent materials whose emission properties vary with the wavelength of the light used for excitation. Antimony (Sb3+)‐doped indium (In)‐based metal halides are efficient light emitters; however, the peak fluorescence emission of most Sb3+‐activated In‐halide remains independent of the excitation wavelength. Here, the study introduces a new Sb3+‐doped In‐halide cluster, (BDPA)2InCl5:Sb (BDPA+ = C15H18N+, benzyldimethylphenylammonium), which demonstrates efficient Ex‐De emission originating from the on–off switchable fluorescence behavior of singlet self‐trapped exciton (STE) in 5‐coordinate Sb3+ dopant. Interestingly, when excited within the range of 240–370 nm, photoluminescence (PL) spectra of (BDPA)2InCl5:Sb show both singlet and triplet STE emission. However, under excitation wavelengths of 370 to 420 nm, the singlet STE emission is absent, resulting in a noticeable correlated color temperature change from 1700 to 3800 K. The study provides a new approach to designing color‐tunable Sb3+‐based luminophores, and also presents a novel application scenario for the widely recognized Sb3+ doping strategy.
Mo Doping Induced Ni Surface Enrichment of Porous Spherical Core–Shell Bifunctional Electrocatalyst for Overall Water Splitting
Authors: Liu Zhipeng , Xue Jinling , Fan Yibin , Li Yinshi 
Published: November 2024

AbstractRational design of efficient and non‐noble metal bifunctional catalysts for alkaline overall water splitting (OWS) electrochemical reactions is of top priority in the development of hydrogen‐based energy. Constructing catalysts with unique structures to optimize the intrinsic activity is a promising strategy. In this work, a newly developed Ni3Co3Mo100‐BTC‐15h catalyst consisting of Ni nanoparticles enriched on the surface along with a core‐shell porous structure is prepared via a hydrothermal process. Due to the unique composition and Ni‐enriched core–shell structure, the Ni3Co3Mo100‐BTC‐15h catalyst exhibits enhanced electrocatalytic properties for both the oxygen evolution reaction (OER) and hydrogen evolution reaction (HER) in alkaline media. Under the dual tuning and intermetallic phase, the Ni3Co3Mo100‐BTC‐15h catalyst deliver a lower overpotential of 151 mV and ≈ 136 mV exceeding commercial catalysts for OER and HER. When the Ni3Co3Mo100‐BTC‐15h is used as bifunctional catalyst for OWS in a two‐electrode alkaline electrolyzer, a cell voltage of 1.62 V is required to drive 10 mA·cm−2 comparable to that of commercial Pt/C and RuO2 catalysts. This work proposes a potential strategy for optimizing the electrocatalytic performance of non‐noble metal catalysts for OWS.
Metal‐Coordinated, Dual‐Crosslinked PIM Polymer Membranes for Upgraded CO2 Separation: Aging and Plasticization Resistance
Authors: Hossain Iqubal , Kim Kwan Il , Husna Asmaul , Kang Jun Hyeok , Kim Tae‐Hyun , Park Ho Bum 
Published: November 2024

AbstractThe practical use of polymers of intrinsic microporosity (PIMs) in CO2 separation is often hindered by their moderate selectivity, performance instability over time, and pressure constraints. To address these limitations, a straightforward approach is presented to enhance the CO2 separation capability of PIM‐1 by incorporating metal ions into uniformly hydrolyzed PIM‐1 (cPIM). This dual linking strategy, achieved via ionic and coordination bonding of metal ions with the polymeric side chains including ─COOH and ─CONH2, restructures the polymer, disrupting hydrogen bonds between cPIM chains and creating active sites for CO2 via π‐complexation. This modification enhances gas permeability while maintaining high selectivity. The optimized zinc‐coordinated membrane achieves an impressive CO2 permeability of ≈2,500 Barrer with CO2/N2 and CO2/CH4 selectivities of 27.1 and 23, respectively, outperforming pristine cPIM (700 Barrer; CO2/N2 = 27; CO2/CH4 = 19). Notably, this performance surpasses the 2008 Robeson upper‐bound limits for both gas pairs. Additionally, the metal‐coordinated membranes exhibit remarkable long‐term stability, resisting aging effects for up to 20 days and maintaining anti‐plasticization properties at pressures up to 20 bar. These dual‐crosslinked membranes demonstrate promising potential for mixed gas separation, indicating their suitability for real‐world industrial applications.
Interface‐Engineered MoSe2‐Co9S8 Nanoheterostructures with Enhanced Charge Storage Performance for Supercapacitor Application
Authors: Singh Sahil , Muhommad Javed , Hassan Md. Samim , Lamba Raman Singh , Jha Varsha , Yadav Priyesh , Deka Sasanka , Sapra Sameer 
Published: November 2024

AbstractCobalt‐based chalcogenides have emerged as fascinating materials for supercapacitor applications owing to the presence of various mixed valance oxidation states in their structure along with rich electrochemical properties. However, their limited stability and cyclic performance hinder their viability for practical use in supercapacitors. Herein, a facile hot injection colloidal route is demonstrated to design MoSe2‐Co9S8 nanoheterostructures (NHSs), which entails the epitaxial growth of Co9S8 nanoparticles (NPs) over the basal planes of ultrathin MoSe2 nanosheets (NSs). The interfacial engineering of the basal planes of MoSe2 NSs with Co9S8 NPs regulates the electronic properties and defects at the interfaces and increases the overall specific surface area and conductivity. As a result, MoSe2‐Co9S8 NHSs electrode unveils a substantially higher specific capacitance of 910.5 F g−1 at 1 A g−1current density surpassing their individual counterparts. In addition, it demonstrates worthy solidity, retaining ≈90% of its capacitance and coulombic efficiency of 93.3% after 10,000 charge–discharge cycles at a high charge–discharge current density of 15 A g−1. As a proof‐of‐concept, coin cells are fabricated using MoSe2‐Co9S8 NHSs which show 93% Coulomb efficiency and 86% capacitance retention. This study would pave the way for designing transition metal dichalcogenides (TMDs) – derived NHSs with superior capacitive properties.
A Dual Effect Additive Modified Electrolyte Strategy to Improve the Electrochemical Performance of Zinc‐Based Prussian Blue Analogs Energy Storage Device
Authors: Xiong Qing , Xiong Chuanyin , Zhou Qiusheng , Shen Mengxia , Song Jiangnan , Zhao Mengjie , Zhang Yongkang , An Meng , Ni Yonghao 
Published: November 2024

AbstractPrussian blue analogs (PBA) exhibit excellent potential for energy storage due to their unique three‐dimensional open framework and abundant redox active sites. However, the dissolution of transition metal ions in water can compromise the structural integrity of PBAs, leading to significant issues such as low cycle life and capacity decay. To address these challenges, we proposed a dual‐effect additive‐modified electrolyte method to alleviate such issues, introducing sodium ferrocyanide (Na4Fe(CN)6) into aqueous alkaline electrolytes. It could not only capture Zn2+ dissolved on the surface of Na1.86Zn1.46[Fe(CN)6]0.87 (ZnHCF) electrode material during the cycling process but also conduct redox reactions on the electrode surface to provide additional capacitance. Through experiments and molecular simulation calculations, it showed that Na4Fe(CN)6 can restrict the movement of Zn dissolution into the electrolyte on the electrode surface. Based on this, an asymmetric supercapacitor based on ZnHCF//activated carbon was assembled with a modified electrolyte. The assembled supercapacitor displayed a specific capacitance of 1,329.65 mF cm−2, a power density of 2,900 mW cm−2, and an energy density of 388.28 mW h cm−2. This study provides a new idea for the design and construction of stable and efficient PBA energy storage materials by inhibiting the leaching of transition metals in PBA.
Advancements in Engineering Tetrahedral Framework Nucleic Acids for Biomedical Innovations
Authors: Fan Qin , Sun Bicheng , Chao Jie 
Published: November 2024

AbstractTetrahedral framework nucleic acids (tFNAs) are renowned for their controllable self‐assembly, exceptional programmability, and excellent biocompatibility, which have led to their widespread application in the biomedical field. Beyond these features, tFNAs demonstrate unique chemical and biological properties including high cellular uptake efficiency, structural bio‐stability, and tissue permeability, which are derived from their distinctive 3D structure. To date, an extensive range of tFNA‐based nanostructures are intelligently designed and developed for various biomedical applications such as drug delivery, gene therapy, biosensing, and tissue engineering, among other emerging fields. In addition to their role in drug delivery systems, tFNAs also possess intrinsic properties that render them highly effective as therapeutic agents in the treatment of complex diseases, including arthritis, neurodegenerative disorders, and cardiovascular diseases. This dual functionality significantly enhances the utility of tFNAs in biomedical research, presenting valuable opportunities for the development of next‐generation medical technologies across diverse therapeutic and diagnostic platforms. Consequently, this review comprehensively introduces the latest advancements of tFNAs in the biomedical field, with a focus on their benefits and applications as drug delivery nanoplatforms, and their inherent capabilities as therapeutic agents. Furthermore, the current limitations, challenges, and future perspectives of tFNAs are explored.
Guinea Grass Seed Starch Nanoparticles and Their Modification: Characterization and Applications in Pickering Emulsions
Authors: Bist Yograj , Sharanagat Vijay Singh , Saxena Dharmesh Chandra 
Published: November 2024

AbstractGuinea grass seed starch nanoparticles (GSNPs) Were prepared via nanoprecipitation and dual‐modified with 3% octenyl succinic anhydride (OSA) and pulsed electric fields (PEF) (1.5, 3.0, and 4.5 kV cm⁻¹). Native and modified GSNPs Were assessed for cytotoxicity (Caco‐2 cells), in vitro digestibility, and their ability to stabilize Pickering emulsions. The cytotoxicity results showed no significant impact on cell viability or metabolic activity across all concentrations and modifications. The digestibility profile revealed that native GSNPs Were more digestible (62.61%) compared to modified samples (53.49%). The logarithmic slope analysis indicated that the digestion profiles of all samples followed a linear trend (r² 〉 0.86), characterized by first‐order kinetics. Pickering emulsions containing 0.25–2% GSNPs exhibited good stability, with higher concentrations (1–2%) ensuring 100% emulsified phase coverage and excellent storage stability. Droplet sizes ranged from 171.32 to 536.41 nm, and zeta potentials from −28.68 to −9.87 mV over two months. Microscopy confirmed that all emulsion droplets Were spherical, with smaller droplet sizes observed. The emulsions displayed shear‐thinning flow behavior, where apparent viscosity decreased with increasing shear rate, and increased with modification. These findings suggest that GSNPs have significant potential for use in forming stable Pickering emulsions.
Using visual requirements modeling to design human‐centric manufacturing systems for novel products – A comprehensive predictive case study
Authors: Hane Hagström Malin , Bergsjö Dag 
Published: November 2024

AbstractEfficient production systems are necessary for the realization of products that fulfil customer needs and delivery requirements. However, the process of designing the production system has received little academic attention and today's manufacturing system design processes and architecture are still based on traditional engineering methods. This study covers a case study using visual requirements modeling for the design of a production system for a new product. A comprehensive prescriptive study was designed combined with attempts to verify the methods used. A total of six workshops, development of models to define requirements to select concepts, and two validation studies are documented. A total of 166 persons participated, and up to 15 persons participated in the validation workshops. The analysis shows that the method addressed several of the gaps identified in literature: (1) the lack of systematic and effective systems engineering design methods in production system design, and (2) the lack of inclusion of human aspects in the production system design. The gaps in the effectiveness of the methods remain to be fully evaluated, as the project is still running and will not be concluded until 2025. Recommendations for future work include exploring further the management mechanisms of systems engineering, which type of competences does the future engineer need and how production system design engineers can learn more from other disciplines.
Early colorectal cancer diagnosis: A novel methylated stool DNA model enhanced the diagnostic efficiency
Authors: Yun Peng , Kulaixijiang Kamila , Pan Jiang , Yang Luping , Wang Nengzhuang , Xu Zheng , Zhang Yaodong , Cai Haifang , Zhao Zi‐Ye , Zhu Min , Yan Hongli 
Published: November 2024

AbstractBackgroundMethylated stool DNA (sDNA) is a reliable noninvasive biomarker for early colorectal cancer (CRC) diagnosis. However, there are barely any diagnostic panels that can achieve both a sensitivity and specificity exceeding 90% simultaneously.ObjectiveWe aimed to identify a novel methylated sDNA panel and model for the early diagnosis of CRC.MethodsWe conducted methyl‐CpG binding domain isolated genome sequencing (MiGS) on CpG island methylation phenotype (CIMP)‐positive (n = 3) and CIMP‐negative CRC tissues (n = 3) and their corresponding normal adjacent tissues. Subsequently, by utilizing both the aforementioned data and public datasets, we identified a set of promising methylated sDNA markers for CRC. Next, we validated 5 of these genes using pyrosequencing in CRC patients (n = 31). Then, we developed a combined diagnostic model (CDM) for CRC based on the methylation status of PRDM12, FOXE1, and SDC2 by a Training cohort (n = 231). Finally, the performance of CDM was evaluated in an independent multicenter Validation cohort (n = 800).ResultsA total of 1062 participants were included in this study. The area under the curve (AUC) of the CDM was 0.979 (95% CI: 0.960–0.997), and the optimal sensitivity and specificity were 97.35% and 99.05%, respectively, in the training cohort (n = 231). In the independent validation cohort (n = 800), the AUC was 0.950 (95% CI: 0.927–0.973), along with the optimal sensitivity of 92.75% and specificity of 97.21%. When CRC and advanced adenoma (AAD) were used as diagnostic targets, the model AUC was 0.945 (95% CI: 0.922–0.969), with an optimal sensitivity of 91.89% and a specificity of 95.21%. The model sensitivity for nonadvanced adenoma patients was 68.66%.ConclusionThe sDNA diagnostic model CDM, developed from both CIMP‐P and CIMP‐N, exhibited exceptional performance in CRC and could serve as a potential alternative strategy for CRC screening.
The Poor and Deservingness for Political and Social Citizenship: “Universal suffrage” in Finland Since 1906
Authors: Harjula Minna 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
Although universal suffrage was implemented in Finland in national elections (1906) and in local elections (1917), poor relief recipients were, among eight other groups, excluded from voting rights. By focusing on poor relief, the chapter analyses how exclusion criteria were connected to the economic ideals of a citizen. Regular poor relief was an obstacle for voting until the 1940s and those poor relief recipients who were under the guardianship of the local board of public welfare were excluded until 1970. Moreover, voting practices were exclusive, as poor relief institutions were not accepted as polling stations until the late 1960s. By using deservingness as an analytic concept, Harjula indicates how the strict reciprocity, which defined a vote as a reward for fulfilled responsibilities—indicating independence and contribution—, was replaced by the idea of equality-based individual rights. As two societal layers of experience, these competing views resulted in complex and hierarchical lived citizenship of the poor. The combination of electoral legislation, social welfare legislation, and civil legislation intertwined civil, social, and political rights and created differing notions of belonging at the local and national levels.
Expanding the Electorate in Habsburg Austria, 1860s–1918: (Dis)Integrations of Economic and Educational Qualifications, Gender, and “Universal” Suffrage
Authors: Bader-Zaar Birgitta 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
When constitutional reform commenced in the early 1860s in the Habsburg Monarchy, economic independence and higher education were the fundamental pillars upon which enfranchisement was built. The vote was not considered to be an individual right. Rather, elections should ensure that certain interests, based especially on property and wealth as well as learning, found adequate representation. Social change and political crises led to various electoral reforms early on. These included the introduction in Habsburg Austria of so-called universal suffrage for men over twenty-four, however, at the same time leaving economic qualifications in effect within a system of unequal representation. At the level of the Habsburg Austrian parliament electoral reform finally consented to equal representation of voters in 1907. Despite the principle of “universal” suffrage, however, it continued to exclude recipients of public poor relief, among others. This chapter will outline the complex developments of voting qualifications both on the parliamentary level and for crownland diets and local government bodies, highlighting integrations and disintegrations of economic and educational qualifications. It will also focus specifically on women voters in Habsburg Austria and discuss in which way their inclusion was specifically based on economic factors, rather than educational qualifications.