bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Serum visfatin in patients with type two diabetic retinopathy
Authors: Salman I. N. , Mohammed N. U. G. , Atta S. E. , Abed B. A. , Salim R. 
Published: November 2024

BACKGROUND: The primary cause of blindness in diabetics is diabetic retinopathy (DR), the most common microvascular complication of diabetes, and visual impairment. Visfatin is an adipocytokine that aids in insulin activity during gestational diabetes and pregnancy.AIM: This study aimed to estimate serum visfatin levels in DR, proliferative (PDR), non-proliferative (NPDR), and healthy subjects (HS).MATERIALS AND METHODS: A 120-patient case-control study with a history of T2DM for more than 5 years as well as 30 healthy subjects enrolled in the study. Patients group divided into three sub-groups, DM, PDR, and NPDR. Visfatin levels were measured using a commercially available enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay kit. Triglyceride (TG), serum cholesterol (TC), low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C), high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) levels and glycated haemoglobin (HbA1c) were assessed.RESULTS: The PDR patients and patients with poor glycemic control showed significantly increased visfatin levels compared with the HS group and T2DM patients without DR. The TC, TG, and DR group’s LDL-C levels were noticeably higher and significantly greater in PDR than in the group of HS.CONCLUSION: Visfatin levels have been linked to both the severity and existence of DR. and more in patients with poor glycemic control. Elevated lipids were associated with DR risk.
DRAMS — the new system for predicting type 2 diabetes mellitus remission after baritaric surgery
Authors: Neimark A. Е. , Molotkova M. A. , Galchenko M. I. , Lapshina S. E. , Makarova E. O. , Afonin S. V. , Sholokhov G. V. , Maсievskaya A. Y. 
Published: November 2024

BACKGROUND: Bariatric surgery has proven effective as a treatment for the metabolic complications of obesity, including type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). Nowadays it is important to develop a personalized approach for bariatric patients generally, and for those with T2DM.AIM: Development of a scale for preoperative prediction of remission of T2DM in obese patients Russian population undergoing bariatric surgery (sleeve gastrectomy or gastric bypass).MATERIALS AND METHODS: A retrospective multicenter cohort study was conducted. The study included 112 patients (75 women and 37 men), mean age 46.25±9.29 years, mean BMI 48.71±7.66 kg/m2. A mathematical analysis of 17 preoperative clinical criteria was carried out to search for independent predictors of T2DM remission.RESULTS: A remission of T2DM was verified in 85 subjects, (75.9%), absence of remission of T2DM — in 27 subjects (24.1%). The most important prognostic factors were T2DM experience, age, HOMA-IR insulin resistance index, HbA1c, BMI, metformin therapy, SUs, insulin intake, increased levels of liver transaminases, and total cholesterol levels. The relative importance coefficient of each parameter was calculated. A formula has been developed to predict the high or low probability of T2DM remission after bariatric treatment. An online DRAMS (Diabetes Remission After Metabolic Surgery) calculator was proposed based on this formula so it is easy to use in clinical practice.CONCLUSION: An online calculator has been developed to predict the probability of T2DM remission after bariatric surgery. The received data allow us to construct a qualitative “high risk”/“low risk” scale. A number of identified predictors require further study in larger samples of patients.
Evaluation of the creep strength of samples produced by fused deposition modeling
Authors: Hausler Peter , Holzner Lukas , Ehrnsperger Matthias , Bierl Rudolf 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
Data sheets for 3D printing materials typically include softening temperature, impact strength, tensile strength, and stiffness. However, creep strength, an important parameter for components used over an extended period, is usually not included. Nevertheless, this parameter is of significant importance for components that are used over an extended period of time. This study compares the long-term creep behavior of a selection of materials that are commonly used in fused deposition modeling 3D printing. The materials under investigation are acrylonitrile butadiene styrene, acrylonitrile styrene acrylate, polylactic acid, and polycarbonate. In addition, the influence of fiber reinforcements on these materials is also examined. A simple, reproducible test procedure is proposed for users to determine and compare creep resistance of materials. This enables developers to select materials suitable for their own requirements on creep resistance and allows 3D-printing users to compare different materials. Results suggest that fiber reinforcement generally improves creep stability in 3D-printing materials, with GreenTEC Pro Carbon and add:north PC Blend HT LCF showing the most promise in this study.
A combined feedforward-feedback controller design for nonlinear systems
Authors: Abdulkareem Jenan J. , Ali Hazem I. , Lutfy Omar Farouq 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
This study presents a control framework that integrates both feedforward (FF) and feedback (FB) procedures to control nonlinear systems. The intelligent control component consisted of a modified recurrent wavelet neural network used to build the FF controller. Furthermore, the H-infinity control, renowned for its robust and durable attributes, was employed in the FB loop. The parameters of the controller were improved using particle swarm optimization. The proposed controller’s efficacy was compared with that of another FF-FB controller, in which the FF controller was a multilayer perceptron, and the FB controller was an H-infinity controller. The effectiveness of the proposed framework to control the nonlinear mass–spring dynamics was evaluated by analyzing its control accuracy and its capacity to tolerate external disturbances.
Preparation and characterization of biodegradable polyester fibers enhanced with antibacterial and antiviral organic composites
Authors: Gong Xiaorong , Zhang Shouyun , Xie Lingye , Zhang Yang , Cheng Ruijia , Chen Yuting 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
The addition of biodegradable agents and antibacterial and antiviral modifiers in polyester fibers makes the fabric skin-friendly and helps in the effective biodegradation of the fabric, thereby protecting the ecological environment. This study aimed to improve the biodegradability and skin protection effect of polyester fibers by preparing a biodegradable antibacterial and antiviral composite–modified polyester fiber by melting and adding an appropriate amount of anaerobic biodegradable agent and a new antibacterial and antiviral biopolymer material copolymer of 3-hydroxybutyrate and 3-hydroxyvalerate (PHBV). The results showed that the addition of 1% anaerobic biodegradable agent and 1% PHBV antibacterial and antiviral modifier increased the biodegradability of the biodegradable antibacterial and antiviral fiber Fully Drawn Yarn by 50% and its antibacterial and antiviral effect by 10%. The finished fiber fabric had good mechanical properties and antibacterial and antiviral functions. This technique can be widely used in the textile and garment industry to promote green environmental protection and the circular economy of the chemical fiber industry.
Design of a high selective triple band integrated reconfigurable filtering antenna for wideband and narrowband applications
Authors: Das Sangeeta , Sarkar Pankaj 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
The manuscript contributes a novel triple band integrated reconfigurable filtering antenna for wideband and narrowband applications. First, a compact dual band reconfigurable filter is conferred composed of two folded half-wavelength high impedance T-shaped resonators. The lower half of the feed lines comprises T-shaped resonator to obtain a passband from 2.8 to 3.5 GHz in order to cater WiMax band. The resonator at the upper half of the feed lines generates a passband from 5.15 to 5.75 GHz for WLAN operations. A transmission line is inserted underneath the feeding line to establish additional transmission zeroes. Two uniform impedance resonators (UIRs) are incorporated to the proposed dual band filter so that it can discard a band from 5.35 to 5.45 GHz by creating a notch at 5.4 GHz. Presence of notch band separates the WLAN band into two sub-bands. Thus, the proposed dual band filter can be easily reconfigured to a triple band bandpass filter. Later, a broadband antenna is implemented using a ground ring and an inverted L-shaped resonator which is radiating from 2.6 to 6 GHz. In the end, the filter is integrated with the antenna structure to develop the suggested triple-band reconfigurable filtering antenna. The developed filtering antenna is fabricated that perceives a fine agreement between the measured and the simulated response.
Analysis of carbon emission reduction capacity of hydrogen-rich oxygen blast furnace based on renewable energy hydrogen production
Authors: Gao Jianjun , Wang Bin , Teng Fei , Qi Yuanhong , Zhang Yingyi 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
Iron and steel industry is the pillar industry of the national economy, but it is also the source of highest carbon emission in manufacturing industry. With the proposal of China’s goal of peaking carbon emissions and achieving carbon neutrality, the steel industry urgently requires substantial technological breakthroughs in carbon reduction. About 90% of China’s crude steel production is produced through the blast furnace-basic oxygen furnace process, and blast furnace carbon consumption accounts for more than 70% of steel process carbon consumption. Therefore, blast furnace carbon reduction is the focal point of China’s steel industry’s efforts to mitigate carbon emissions. The hydrogen-rich gas injection to blast furnace and blast furnace with top gas recycling process are effective ways to reduce carbon emissions. However, these approaches still rely heavily on the fossil fuel coal-dominated energy structure. With the rapid development of renewable energy hydrogen production in China, hydrogen-rich oxygen blast furnace technology, which replaces carbon with hydrogen, can significantly reduce carbon emissions from ironmaking at the source. This article establishes a multizone constrained mathematical model for hydrogen-rich oxygen blast furnaces, calculates energy balance based on the constraint conditions of each zone, and systematically studies the influence of hydrogen injection, burden metallization rate on the coke ratio, top gas recycling injection volume, reducing gas composition, and CO2 emission reduction of hydrogen-rich oxygen blast furnaces. The research results show that at maximum hydrogen injection rate of about 600 N·m3 H2·t−1-HM (ton-hot metal), a replacement ratio of about 0.4 kg-coke·(N·m)−3-H2 was achieved with about 27% CO in the reduced gas of the shaft, 68% H2, 90% burden metallization rate. Coke ratio of the hydrogen-rich oxygen blast furnace is reduced to 203 kg and the CO2 emission is reduced to 501 kg·t−1-HM, 55% lower than that without hydrogen injection with a very significant CO2 reduction at the source.
Judging creativity in AI-generated art: Chinese and Western perspectives on originality in copyright law
Authors: Matias Célia , Chen Jingyi 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
The desire to translate mental images into tangible forms has been intrinsic to human civilisation since its inception and has evolved through various mediums. The advent of artificial intelligence (AI) image generators has complicated the relationship between creative ideas and their expression, introducing a third-party intermediary labelled “AI” that blurs traditional distinctions between creator and tool. Legal decisions on whether AI-generated outputs merit copyright protection have rekindled discussions on originality, with courts grappling over the threshold of creativity required for protection. Initial rulings have taken divergent paths; some disconnect human creativity from AI output, while others acknowledge AI’s potential for novel creative expression, as exemplified by the Li v Liu decision in the Beijing Internet Court. This article contextualises and analyses this decision, sparking broader debates on the interplay between human creativity and AI, the arguments of incentive and justice, and the necessity of re-evaluating copyright frameworks to accommodate AI’s role. It proposes a nuanced understanding of collaboration that recognises AI’s contributions, allowing for distinctions between levels of human creativity and forms of artistic expression.
Influencing eating choices, manipulating emotions, & the influencer: an ethnography
Authors: Mukherjee Somdatta 
Published: November 2024

Abstract

Purpose
This study inspects that our eating choice depends on our economic condition, availability of the raw materials and the food we wish to consume etc. Then, it examines how that choice is manipulated by influencers on social media and food-related contents on social media influence our thought process regarding food intake.

Methodology
The primary method I followed is ethnography intrinsic to a specific and single case of interest (‘Foodka Series’ in YouTube) furthering ‘thick description’ with etic & emic perspectives.

Findings
Viewers and consumers are vulnerable to emotional risk; food influencers are altering our emotional states through their social media engagements; particular YouTube documentation helps in the process of cultural diffusion and the preservation of culture.

Practical implications
Researchers can have the idea of interpreting social actions with ‘thick description’, the inclusivity of various research designs and how different qualitative methods are needed to critically analyse a single case of study. Adaptation and use of activity analysis, document analysis, the tradition of figurational sociology and different tools leading to a methodological pluralism may be the guideline for upcoming researches on this area.

Social implications
This research first questions – are we recalibrating our choices regarding eating? And, then, starts explaining that our choices are not ours only! Those are always constructed, manipulated and reconstructed by the society. Consumers’ emotional states and bodily responses can be altered by the delineation of food-related activation of social media.

Originality/Value
This is the first ethnographic study in West Bengal that establishes how the influencer manipulates our emotion and influences our eating choices. Readers must be aware of the fact that how in Web 2.0 our emotions are vulnerable to ‘risk’. Leaving the ‘we’ within us we are heading to embrace the ‘self’ indulging in influencer’s blatant self-commodification, self-branding, self-promotion, self-editing.
Photodynamic therapy in glioma cell culture
Authors: Aebisher David , Rogóż Kacper , Yakub Zakariya Abdi , Dynarowicz Klaudia , Myśliwiec Angelika , Mytych Wiktoria , Komosińska-Vassev Katarzyna , Misiołek Maciej , Kawczyk-Krupka Aleksandra , Bartusik-Aebisher Dorota 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
Photodynamic therapy (PDT) shows promise in the treatment of gliomas, the most prevalent primary malignant tumors in the central nervous system. Despite challenges such as tumor hypoxia and resistance to therapy, PDT can be used alone or in combination with other anticancer treatments. Research indicates that PDT can improve the survival of patients with malignant gliomas, although further efforts are required to standardize and optimize this therapy. Cell cultures are an indispensable tool in glioma research and PDT development. In vitro studies of PDT are crucial for assessing the effectiveness of various photosensitizing agents and light dosages on glioma cells. In vitro tests provide an initial assessment of the efficacy of a substance under controlled conditions, predicting potential effects before moving on to in vivo studies. Interest in glioma research is increasing, and a deep understanding of the molecular basis of PDT is essential to advance this therapeutic approach. This review aims to summarize current knowledge in vitro PDT in glioma cell cultures. The review highlights the importance of in vitro testing for PDT in gliomas, the underlying molecular mechanisms, and the factors that influence the efficacy of PDT. Recent advances and the necessity for in vitro studies are underscored.
Agronomic and economic benefits of rice–sweetpotato rotation in lowland rice cropping systems in Uganda
Authors: Kyalo Gerald , Rajendran Srinivasulu , Alibu Simon , Zziwa Simon , McEwan Margaret , Ekobu Moses , Okello Stella E. A. , Namanda Sam , Otim Michael H. , Lamo Jimmy , Mwanga Robert O. M. , Low Jan W. 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
A crop rotation study was conducted in the Agoro Rice scheme from mid-2015 to 2017 to determine the effect of sweetpotato–rice rotation in the lowlands on financial returns and sweetpotato root, sweetpotato vine, and rice yields compared to monocropping. Treatments included crop rotations of sweetpotato–rice–sweetpotato, rice–sweetpotato–rice, rice–rice–rice (control), and sweetpotato–sweetpotato–sweetpotato (control). The study used the sweetpotato varieties NASPOT 11 (cream-fleshed), NASPOT 10 O, and Ejumula (both orange-fleshed) and the rice varieties Wita 9, Agoro, and Komboka. The results showed that mean sweetpotato root yields in the rotation treatment were significantly higher (28 t ha−1) than the control (19.8 t ha−1), representing a 47% gain in yield. Generally, the percentage gain in yield across years due to rotation ranged from 3 to 132%, depending on the variety. The total number of vine cuttings was significantly different between treatments and seasons (P < 0.001). Mean rice paddy yields in rotation were 8–35% higher than the control. The higher yields of sweetpotato in the rotation can be attributed to the rotation crop benefitting from residual fertilizers applied in rice in the previous season, while rice in the rotation crop could have benefited from the land preparation and establishment of the sweetpotato fields. The benefit of rotation for both crops varied by variety while the revenue-to-cost ratio varied by season and crop variety. Revenue-to-cost ratios for rotation and control treatments were greater than 1, indicating net profits were positive for both. The rotation generated 0.43 times more revenue than rice monocropping. Both rotation and monocropping systems generated profits, but rotation was 43% more profitable. In other words, if monocropping generates 1 dollar, rotation generates 1.43 dollars. The study concludes that rotation of sweetpotato with rice led to (1) increased yields of both rice and sweetpotatoes, (2) more profitable utilization of land, (3) enhanced availability of sweetpotato planting material at the beginning of the upland growing season, and (4) reduced the cost of land preparation for the main rice crop. Findings from this study show that there is great potential for diversification of rice-based cropping systems in Uganda, which will contribute to building sustainable food systems.
Lietuviškumo apraiškos XX a. pirmos pusės latvių literatūroje: stereotipinės ir neįprastos
Authors: Butkus Vigmantas 
Published: November 2024

The article is based on the theoretical approach suggested by literary imagology, drawing an assumption that the image that is revealed in fiction of one country about the other country, the nation is not a literary value that is solely enclosed inside a text, but it rather often reflects specific historical, geographical, social, economic, cultural and other realia, too. There is a large number of literary pieces which depict the Lithuania-related topic or single Lithuanian motifs in Latvian literature of the first half of the 20th century; therefore, the article limits itself with analysis of only a part of them in the chosen aspect of imagology. Around thirty authors of the said period who wrote pieces of various genres, including both famous names, who became classics and less known authors, are discussed.
Majority of these literary pieces reveal such manifestations of Lithuanianness which can be considered as trite, stereotypical because they are repeated, obtain new semantic, emotional shades in various contexts; nevertheless, they always retain almost the same notional core. The ethnotype of a Lithuanian beggar (Latv. leišu nabags / ubags) is one of the most frequently occurring manifestations of such kind; it reflects a historical, economic situation of the second half of the 19th century – first half of the 20th century, when many people from Lithuania would go begging in Latvia. The fiction also quite frequently and highly variously displays the motif of Lithuanian neighbourhood, its geographical proximity. The motifs of “a Lithuanian cherry” (Latv. leišu ķirsis) and “a Lithuanian goose” (Latv. leišu zoss) are much rarer, though repeating in fiction works related to specific agrarian and culinary realia prevailing in Latvia at that time. An image of a disastrous “quagmire of Lithuania” (Latv. leišu muklājs) that was made popular by a composer Alfrēds Kalniņš’s (1879–1951) song based on a verse by a poet Atis Ķeniņš (1874–1961) ought to be considered as dissociated from objective realia; this image had a metaphorical meaning which was usually directly unrelated to Lithuania.
Manifestations of the topic of Lithuania which are characteristic of some exclusiveness, unusualness, even some kind of cultural exoticism in Latvian literature of that time are relatively sparse. The article analytically presents five pieces of fiction that display quite detailed portraits of atypical, unordinary characters from Lithuania. The most suggestive of them is an image of a Jewish man, named Perec, from Lithuanian province, who was educated under the influence of the religious spirit of the Torah but eventually embraced the truths of Marxism, and his milieu, created by a famous leftist writer Andrejs Kurcijs (the true name Andrejs Kuršinskis, 1884–1959) in his short story “The God of Paupers” (“Nabago dievs”, 1929).
Executive Function in Children Born Moderate-to-Late Preterm: A Meta-Analysis
Authors: Rossetti Lauren , Pascoe Leona , Piazza Chandelle , Mills Taylor , Stedall Paulina , Cheong Jeanie L. Y. , Anderson Peter J. 
Published: November 2024

CONTEXT
The risk of early neurodevelopmental delay is increasingly recognized in children born moderate-to-late preterm (MLP; 32–36 weeks’ gestation), but school-aged cognitive outcomes are unclear, particularly for domains such as executive function (EF).

OBJECTIVE
To evaluate EF outcomes (attentional control, cognitive flexibility, and goal setting) in school-aged children born MLP compared with children born at term.

DATA SOURCES
Medline, Embase, PsycInfo, and Scopus.

STUDY SELECTION
Studies assessing EF outcomes (overall EF, attentional control, cognitive flexibility, and goal setting) in children born MLP aged between 6 and 17 years, which included a term-born control group.

DATA EXTRACTION
Two reviewers screened for eligibility and completed the risk of bias assessment using the Newcastle-Ottawa Scale, and 1 reviewer extracted data. Random effects meta-analyses were performed.

RESULTS
Twelve studies were eligible for inclusion in the meta-analyses (2348 MLP children and 20 322 controls). Children born MLP had poorer overall EF compared with children born at term (standardized mean difference, −0.15, 95% confidence interval, −0.21 to −0.09; P &lt; .0001; I2 = 47.59%). Similar conclusions were noted across the subdomains of attentional control, cognitive flexibility, and goal setting.

LIMITATIONS
Study methodologies and EF measures varied. Only a small number of studies met eligibility criteria and were from developed countries.

CONCLUSIONS
School-aged children born MLP may experience greater challenges in EF compared with term-born children. Further research is needed to investigate the potential impact these challenges have on functional outcomes such as academic achievement and social–emotional functioning.