bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Measurement of carrier lifetime in micron-scaled materials using resonant microwave circuits
Authors: Dev Sukrith , Wang Yinan , Kim Kyounghwan , Zamiri Marziyeh , Kadlec Clark , Goldflam Michael , Hawkins Samuel , Shaner Eric , Kim Jin , Krishna Sanjay , Allen Monica , Allen Jeffery , Tutuc Emanuel , Wasserman Daniel 
Published: April 2019

AbstractThe measurement of minority carrier lifetimes is vital to determining the material quality and operational bandwidth of a broad range of optoelectronic devices. Typically, these measurements are made by recording the temporal decay of a carrier-concentration-dependent material property following pulsed optical excitation. Such approaches require some combination of efficient emission from the material under test, specialized collection optics, large sample areas, spatially uniform excitation, and/or the fabrication of ohmic contacts, depending on the technique used. In contrast, here we introduce a technique that provides electrical readout of minority carrier lifetimes using a passive microwave resonator circuit. We demonstrate >105 improvement in sensitivity, compared with traditional photoemission decay experiments and the ability to measure carrier dynamics in micron-scale volumes, much smaller than is possible with other techniques. The approach presented is applicable to a wide range of 2D, micro-, or nano-scaled materials, as well as weak emitters or non-radiative materials.
Phospho serine and threonine analysis of normal and mutated granulocyte colony stimulating factor receptors
Authors: Dwivedi Pankaj , Muench David E. , Wagner Michael , Azam Mohammad , Grimes H. Leighton , Greis Kenneth D. 
Published: April 2019

AbstractGranulocyte colony stimulating factor receptor (G-CSFR) plays an important role in the production of neutrophil granulocytes. Mutated G-CSFRs have been directly associated with two distinct malignant phenotypes in patients, e.g. acute myeloid leukemia (AML) and chronic neutrophilic leukemia (CNL). However, the signaling mechanism of the mutated G-CSFRs is not well understood. Here, we present a comprehensive SILAC-based quantitative phosphoserine and phosphothreonine dataset of the normal and mutated G-CSFRs signaling using the BaF3 cell-line-based in vitro model system. High pH reversed phase concatenation and Titanium Dioxide Spin Tip column were utilized to increase the dynamic range and detection of the phosphoproteome of G-CSFRs. The dataset was further analyzed using several computational tools to validate the quality of the dataset. Overall, this dataset is the first global phosphoproteomics analysis of both normal and disease-associated-mutant G-CSFRs. We anticipate that this dataset will have a strong potential to decipher the phospho-signaling differences between the normal and malignant G-CSFR biology with therapeutic implications. The phosphoproteomic dataset is available via the PRIDE partner repository.
The effect of autophagy on the survival and invasive activity of Eimeria tenella sporozoites
Authors: Qi Nanshan , Liao Shenquan , Abuzeid Asmaa M. I. , Li Juan , Wu Caiyan , Lv Minna , Lin Xuhui , Hu Junjing , Yu Linzeng , Xiao Wenwan , Sun Mingfei , Li Guoqing 
Published: April 2019

AbstractAutophagy is a cellular process that is vital for the maintenance of homeostasis in eukaryotic cells. Currently, autophagy-related genes (atgs) in the Eimeria tenella genome database have been reported, but very little is known about the effects of autophagy on the survival and invasive activity of this protozoan. In this study, we investigated the autophagy in E. tenella sporozoites under starvation and autophagy-modulators treatments and evaluated the autophagy influence on cellular adenosine triphosphate (ATP) levels, the survival rate and the invasive activity of the sporozoites. The results showed that the autophagy could be induced in the sporozoites by starvation or inducer rapamycin (RP), but it could be inhibited by 3-methyladenine (3-MA) treatment. The sporozoites after starvation and RP-treatment displayed punctate signals of EtATG8 and formed autophagosomes. The survival rate of the sporozoites under starvation was significantly lower than that in the control group, whereas the ATP levels in sporozoite were far greater than those in the control. The quantitative real-time reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR) showed that the invasive activity of the sporozoites was up- and down-regulated by RP and 3-MA induction, respectively. Our results indicate that autophagy has effects on the survival and invasive activity of E. tenella sporozoites, which may provide new insights into anti-coccidial drugs.
GAS2-like 1 coordinates cell division through its association with end-binding proteins
Authors: Nazgiewicz Alicja , Atherton Paul , Ballestrem Christoph 
Published: April 2019

AbstractCell division involves the tightly coordinated rearrangement of actin and microtubules (MTs). We have previously shown that a member of the family of growth arrest-specific 2-like proteins, GAS2-like 1 (G2L1) regulates actin-MT crosstalk through its associations with plus-end microtubule tip-binding (EB) proteins. Here we show that G2L1 is involved in the regulation of cell division. We show that the depletion of G2L1 results in a reduction in the number of cells undergoing cell division and a significant proportion of those cells that do divide are either multinucleated, display deformed nuclei, or undergo cell division at a much slower rate. Exogenous expression of G2L1 mutants revealed that the association of G2L1 with EB1 is critical for regulated cell division and blocking this interaction inhibits cell division as observed in cells lacking G2L1. Taken together, our data suggest that G2L1 controls the precise regulation and successful progression of cell division through its binding to EB-proteins.
Comparison of cytokine/chemokine levels in aqueous humor of primary open-angle glaucoma patients with positive or negative outcome following trabeculectomy
Authors: Gajda-Deryło Beata , Stahnke Thomas , Struckmann Stephan , Warsow Gregor , Birke Kerstin , Birke Marco T. , Hohberger Bettina , Rejdak Robert , Fuellen Georg , Jünemann Anselm G. 
Published: April 2019

Abstract
We aimed to identify differences in cytokine/chemokine levels in the aqueous humor (AH) of primary open-angle glaucoma (POAG) patients who suffered from scarring, compared with POAG patients with no scarring after trabeculectomy surgery. Identification of differently expressed cytokines and chemokines may help to understand scarring and fibrotic processes following trabeculectomy, and to make predictions for the outcome of fistulating surgery in the future. Furthermore, the identification of cell signaling pathways involved in fibrosis offers the opportunity for a more specific antifibrotic therapy with reduced side effects, and an improvement in long-term surgical outcome.
Eight samples of AH were collected during trabeculectomy surgery and commercially available cytokine/chemokine arrays were used. Specific, differently expressed proteins (cytokines/chemokines) in AH samples from patients with positive and negative surgery outcomes were detected. These proteins were classified based on their known profibrotic, inflammatory, adhesive, and apoptotic properties. Transforming growth factor β (TGF-β) and vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) were among the most important profibrotic cytokines that we detected. Differences in the fold change of protein expression were highly significant between patients after successful and failed trabeculectomy surgery, and these were processed and visualized using ExprEssence software.
This pilot study revealed differences in concentrations of cytokines/chemokines in AH between the two examined groups of patients. Our findings suggest that a positive outcome from trabeculectomy is strongly related to an inhibition of the fibrosis process.
German nursing shortage in hospitals – Homemade by Profititis?
Authors: Brücher Björn L.D.M. , Deufert Daniela 
Published: April 2019

The shortage of nursing staff in Germany compromises public healthcare in deference to profits explaining why this is on the daily political and media agenda. In Germany, over a 22 year period, significant savings were achieved by decreases in: (1) hospital beds by −29.3% saving 119 000 beds, (2) patient care and treatment days by −23% saving 43.1 million patient days, and (3) length of hospital stay in days by −39% saving 4.7 days. This occurred together with the parallel increase of treated patient cases by +26.5% with an additional burden of 4.1 million patients. Since 2010, as birth rates increase again treatment cases will also increase. In parallel, the percentage of total nurses has decreased (−2.1%) as well as that of registered nurses in hospitals between 1999 (325 539) and 2009 (324 337) have decreased (−0.4%), in conjunction with nurses employed in preventive and rehabilitation facilities (+15.1%) and/or in outpatient care facilities (+41.1%) and/or nursing homes (+24.8%) and/or nurses working in retirement homes (+77.9%). This “profititis” endangers both patient care and detracts from people joining the nursing profession. It might even be a short-sighted tightrope act which, in the end, might counteract the marketing strategy of “patient safety” by risking quality of patient care. Maybe healthcare politics would be well-advised to re-think the fact that as the population gets older and as birth rates and immigration increases, these factors could result in increased patient caseloads in hospitals which need to be addressed now so as to avert a future crisis.
A human case of Dioctophyma renale (giant kidney worm) accompanied by renal cancer and a retrospective study of dioctophymiasis
Authors: Yang Fengkun , Zhang Weizhe , Gong Baiyan , Yao Lan , Liu Aiqin , Ling Hong 
Published: April 2019

Due to the rarity of human cases and the nonspecific clinical symptoms of dioctophymiasis, Dioctophyma renale infection is not well recognized and is easily neglected or misdiagnosed. Recently, we diagnosed a human case of dioctophymiasis accompanied by renal cancer. To enhance the understanding of human dioctophymiasis, this case is presented here, and a retrospective study of this disease was conducted based on relevant papers screened from PubMed and three Chinese databases. In the end, 32 papers describing 37 human cases of dioctophymiasis were assessed. These cases were distributed in ten countries of Asia, Europe, North America and Oceania, with the highest number in China (n = 22). The majority of the cases occurred in adults (91.9%, 34/37) and involved the kidneys (83.8%, 31/37). Ectopic parasitism mainly occurred in subcutaneous tissue (83.3%, 5/6). A proportion of 45.9% (17/37) of individuals had a history of eating raw or undercooked fish or frogs. The main clinical manifestations of human dioctophymiasis were loin pain (59.5%) and hematuria (59.5%). All the cases were diagnosed based on the morphological characteristics of eggs or adults in urine or tissue sections. Currently, there is no strictly defined therapeutic approach. This is the first retrospective analysis of human cases of dioctophymiasis. These review data will deepen our understanding of dioctophymiasis and help avoid misdiagnosis in clinical practice.
Nonalcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH) – current treatment recommendations and future developments
Authors: Roeb Elke , Geier Andreas 
Published: April 2019

AbstractNonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) includes nonalcoholic fatty liver (NAFL), nonalcoholic steato hepatitis (NASH) and NASH cirrhosis. NAFLD is the leading cause of liver diseases in the Western world (Central Europe, United States). The NAFLD incidence increases because of increasing type 2 diabetes and obesity. This article reviews the scientific findings of epidemiology, diagnostic, and therapeutic management of NAFLD. Lifestyle modifications (low-caloric Mediterranean diet and exercise training) to reduce weight are a major factor in the treatment of NAFLD.Pharmacological therapies may be useful in patients with NASH and fibrosis as well as nonresponders to lifestyle modifications. Currently, however, no pharmacological substances are approved for the indication NASH.
Zukünftige Aufgaben des Notarztes – wegweisende Aspekte aus den Nachbarländern
Authors: Gretenkort Peter , Dörges Volker , Sefrin Peter , Beneker Jörg , Riebandt Frank ,   (Arbeitsgruppe „Strukturfragen“ der BAND)
Published: April 2019

ZusammenfassungDer Vergleich mit Nachbarländern zeigt, dass auch in traditionellen Paramedic-Systemen auf Notärzte im prähospitalen Einsatz nicht verzichtet wird. Sie sollen bestimmte zumeist invasive Maßnahmen auf fachärztlichem Niveau gewährleisten. Dabei ist das Ausbildungsniveau bei den nichtärztlichen Mitarbeitern meist höher einzuschätzen als bei uns. Bei der Zielsetzung für unser zukünftiges Notarztsystem können Erfahrungen aus den Nachbarländern einbezogen werden. Zu fordern sind spezifische Expertise und Erfahrung bei medizinischen Kernaufgaben. Eine gute Aufgabenteilung im Team mit den nichtärztlichen Mitarbeitern und die Delegation ärztlicher Maßnahmen setzen verbesserte Rechtssicherheit bei allen Beteiligten voraus. Kurze Einsatzzeiten und logistische Verbesserungen sind durch den Primäreinsatz von Helikoptern auch zur Nachtzeit möglich.
Faziale Hauttumore: Resektion und plastische
Defektrekonstruktion – Teil 2
Authors: Sadick Haneen , Häussler Daniel , Rotter Nicole 
Published: April 2019

ZusammenfassungLokale Lappenplastiken nach Resektion von Gesichtshauttumoren erfordern eine
sorgfältige Planung und Erfahrung in der Durchführung. Dieser Beitrag gibt eine
Übersicht über die am häufigsten angewandten, verlässlichen Methoden zur
Rekonstruktion von Defekten durch lokale Lappenplastiken im Bereich von Nase,
Ohr, Wange und Stirn. In diesem zweiten Teil wird auf spezifische Situationen im
Bereich der genannten anatomischen Bereiche eingegangen.
Neugeborene: Erstversorgung und Reanimation ohne Kinderarzt
Authors: Kaßberger Fabian 
Published: April 2019

ZusammenfassungDie Erstversorgung von Neugeborenen nach Geburt ist für alle Beteiligten im Rettungsdienst aufgrund der Seltenheit und fehlender Routine eine besondere Herausforderung. Die Anpassung des Neugeborenen an die „neue Umgebung“ verläuft zwar meist ohne Probleme. Kommt es jedoch zu Störungen dieser Anpassung, sind rasches Handeln und spezielles Wissen gefragt. Handlungsgrundlage ist dabei die aktuelle Leitlinie des European Resuscitation Council 1. Der Beitrag liefert eine Zusammenfassung der wichtigsten Punkte – angepasst an die präklinische Situation im Rettungsdienst.
Antiangiogenic Iridoids from Stachys ocymastrum and Premna resinosa
Authors: Iannuzzi Anna Maria , Camero César Muñoz , DʼAmbola Massimiliano , DʼAngelo Valeria , Amira Smain , Bader Ammar , Braca Alessandra , De Tommasi Nunziatina , Germanò Maria Paola 
Published: April 2019

AbstractIn this paper, the isolation of one new iridoid glucoside, 6β-acetoxyipolamiide (1), and thirteen (2 – 14) known congeners from two Lamiaceae species, Stachys ocymastrum and Premna resinosa, leaf extracts is reported. The structural determination of the isolated compounds was performed by mono- and bidimensional NMR spectroscopic analysis as well as MS experiments. The isolates were assayed for their antiangiogenic activity by two in vivo models, zebrafish embryos and chick chorioallantoic membrane assays. The compounds with a significant antiangiogenic activity in both assays were β-hydroxyipolamiide (2), ipolamiide (3), and buddlejoside A5 (8). 6-O-α-l-(3″-O-p-Methoxycinnamoyl-4″-O-acetyl)rhamnopyranosyl catalpol (13) and 6-O-α-l-(2″-trans-caffeoyl)rhamnopyranosyl catalpol (6) showed the best antiangiogenic response on blood vessel growth in zebrafish embryos, whereas saccatoside (10) and 6-O-α-l-(2″-O

-

p-methoxycinnamoyl-3″-O-acetyl)rhamnopyranosyl catalpol (14) resulted in a strong reduction of capillary formation in the chorioallantoic membrane assay.
Effect of a High-Fat Diet and Metformin on Placental mTOR Signaling in Mice
Authors: Grace Matthew , Dotters-Katz Sarah , Zhou Chunxiao , Manuck Tracy , Boggess Kim , Bae-Jump Victoria 
Published: April 2019

Objective This study was aimed to measure the effects of a high-fat diet and metformin on placental mechanistic target of rapamycin (mTOR) signaling in mice.
Study Design Pregnant friend virus B (FVB)-strain mice were allocated on embryonic day (e) 0.5 to one of four groups; group 1: control diet (CD, 10% fat) + control treatment (CT), group 2: CD + metformin treatment (MT), group 3: high-fat diet (HFD, 60% fat) + CT, and group 4: HFD + MT. Metformin (2.5 mg/mL) was provided in water; CT mice received water. Fetuses and placentas were collected. Western blot measured placental p-Akt and p-S6 expression.
Results 20 dams (five/group) and 192 fetuses were studied. Compared with CD-fed, HFD-fed dams had higher placental p-Akt protein expression (p < 0.0001). Among HFD-dams, placental p-Akt was higher in metformin-treated compared with control-treated (p < 0.001). Among CD-fed dams, there was no significant difference in placental p-S6 expression in MT versus CT groups. Among HFD-fed dams placental p-S6 expression was lower in those exposed to metformin-treated versus controls (p = 0.001).
Conclusion Increased placental mTOR signaling and metformin inhibition of placental mTOR signaling only occurred in the presence of an HFD exposure. These findings suggest that metformin may modulate placental mTOR signaling in the presence of metabolic exposures during pregnancy.
Association of Surgical Resection, Disability, and Survival in Patients with Glioblastoma
Authors: Ahmadipour Yahya , Kaur Monika , Pierscianek Daniela , Gembruch Oliver , Oppong Marvin Darkwah , Mueller Oliver , Jabbarli Ramazan , Glas Martin , Sure Ulrich , El Hindy Nicolai 
Published: April 2019

Objective Extent of resection (EOR) and Karnofsky Performance Status (KPS) are at odds in glioblastoma (GBM) surgery, that is, the anticipated postoperative disability limits the EOR. This study analyzes the correlation of different surgical modalities with the resulting physical status and survival of patients with GBM.
Methods A total of 565 patients with primary GBM were operated on in a single institution between 2006 and 2014. Possible surgical modalities comprised supratotal resection (SLR), gross total resection (GTR; ≥ 95% by volume), tumor debulking (TDB; ≤ 95% by volume), and stereotactic biopsy (SB). Pre- and postoperative KPS before and up to 4 weeks after surgery as well as overall survival (OS) rate were determined retrospectively. Hazard ratio (HR) and 95% confidence intervals were calculated using a Cox proportional hazards model.
Results Median postoperative KPS was ≥ 70, irrespective of surgical modality. Mean OS was 12.5 months. Multivariate analysis revealed age ≥ 70 years (HR: 1.93), preoperative KPS < 70 (HR: 2.15), and unmethylation in MGMT promoter (HR: 1.27) as independent factors for worse OS. Regarding surgical modality, SB was associated with the worst survival (HR: 2.3) followed by TDB (HR: 1.36). SLR was inferior to GTR (HR: 1.27).
Conclusion Higher EOR in patients with GBM does not seem inevitably correlated with increasing functional impairment, but better survival, provided there is a balanced preoperative indication. Nevertheless, SLR does not seem to be superior to GTR. Whenever possible, maximal safe resection should be considered in patients with GBM, even if an EOR ≥ 95% is not possible.
Cesium-131 Interstitial Brachytherapy for Recurrent Malignancies of Skull Base
Authors: Savard Corey , Epps Gregory , Ad Voichita , Curry Joseph , Evans James , Farrell Christopher , Nyquist Gurston , Luginbuhl Adam 
Published: April 2019

Background Recurrent malignancy of the skull base poses a treatment challenge due to a lack of treatment options and potential for damage to surrounding structures.
Methods Case report of two patients with recurrent nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) of skull base previously treated with adjuvant chemoradiotherapy using intensity-modulated radiation therapy (IMRT).
Results In both cases, the recurrent tumor was treated with endoscopic surgical resection and intraoperative cesium-131 (Cs-131) interstitial brachytherapy (IBT). Total dose delivered to tumor bed was 57 and 60 Gy, respectively. With a half- life of 9 days, the majority of the radiation dose had been delivered within the first 40 days following implant and there have been no treatment-related complications reported.
Conclusion Intraoperative Cs-131 IBT is a feasible adjuvant treatment option for patients with recurrent malignancies of the skull base. These are the first known cases of Cs-131 IBT used for recurrent NPC.
Gasification of coal and biomass as a net carbon-negative power source for environment-friendly electricity generation in China
Authors: Lu Xi , Cao Liang , Wang Haikun , Peng Wei , Xing Jia , Wang Shuxiao , Cai Siyi , Shen Bo , Yang Qing , Nielsen Chris P. , McElroy Michael B. 
Published: April 2019

SignificanceDeploying coal-bioenergy gasification systems with carbon capture and storage (CBECCS) provides a promising opportunity for China to realize its carbon mitigation and air pollution abatement goals simultaneously. We conducted a comprehensive assessment of CBECCS technology for China, with a focus on plant and fuel configurations (e.g., biomass ratios) and economics, as well as CO2and greenhouse gas emissions and cobenefits for air quality. We find significant opportunities for carbon mitigation with air quality cobenefits from deployment of CBECCS systems in regions that are both rich in crop residues and facing urgent needs to curb serious air pollution. The study thus provides critical information for policy makers seeking to exploit the carbon-negative energy opportunities of CBECCS technology.
Targeted evolution of pinning landscapes for large superconducting critical currents
Authors: Sadovskyy Ivan A. , Koshelev Alexei E. , Kwok Wai-Kwong , Welp Ulrich , Glatz Andreas 
Published: April 2019

Significance
Lossless transport is the Holy Grail of energy science in general and superconductivity research in particular. The main obstacle is the dissipative motion of Abrikosov vortices, which can be reduced or eliminated by pinning at nonsuperconducting defects. Pinning effectiveness nontrivially depends on various factors such as the shape, concentration, and spatial distribution of defects, rendering the optimization of the vortex pinning landscape highly difficult. Here, we use concepts from biological evolution to develop an efficient strategy for vortex pinning improvement. We replace natural selection with targeted selection, where only pinning configurations with better vortex immobilization survive. In combination with high-performance numerical algorithms, it allows us to dynamically evolve the defect landscape into the best possible pinning configuration with maximal lossless current.
Untangling posterior growth and segmentation by analyzing mechanisms of axis elongation in hemichordates
Authors: Fritzenwanker Jens H. , Uhlinger Kevin R. , Gerhart John , Silva Elena , Lowe Christopher J. 
Published: April 2019

SignificanceComparative developmental studies from the segmented phyla, arthropods and chordates, has led to speculation that mechanistic coupling of posterior growth and segmentation is an ancient character of bilaterian trunk development. However, many phyla are characterized by animals with long unsegmented trunks. Currently, there are no functional studies that have investigated the mechanistic basis of trunk elongation in these phyla, which is crucial for making firm conclusions about the relationship of conserved regulatory networks and ancestral trunk morphological organization. Our results, together with results from protostomes, challenge hypotheses suggesting that the ancestral bilaterian trunk must have been segmented and highlight the flexibility of developmental programs in organismal evolution.