bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Why Medical Informatics (still) Needs Cognitive and Social Sciences
Authors: Declerck G. , Aimé X. 
Published: March 2018

Summary
Objectives: To summarize current excellent medical informatics research in the field of human factors and organizational issues.
Methods: Using PubMed, a total of 3,024 papers were selected from 17 journals. The papers were evaluated on the basis of their title, keywords, and abstract, using several exclusion and inclusion criteria. 15 preselected papers were carefully evaluated by six referees using a standard evaluation grid.
Results: Six best papers were selected exemplifying the central role cognitive and social sciences can play in medical informatics research. Among other contributions, those studies: (i) make use of the distributed cognition paradigm to model and understand clinical care situations; (ii) take into account organizational issues to analyse the impact of HIT on information exchange and coordination processes; (iii) illustrate how models and empirical data from cognitive psychology can be used in medical informatics; and (iv) highlight the need of qualitative studies to analyze the unexpected side effects of HIT on cognitive and work processes.
Conclusion: The selected papers demonstrate that paradigms, methodologies, models, and results from cognitive and social sciences can help to bridge the gap between HIT and end users, and contribute to limit adoption failures that are reported regularly.
Evidence-Based Clinical Decision Support
Authors: Wright A. , Shiffman R. N. 
Published: March 2018

Summary
Background: Clinical decision support (CDS) is a key tool for enabling evidence-based medicine and improving the quality of healthcare. However, effective CDS faces a variety of challenges, including those relating to knowledge synthesis, capture, transformation, localization and maintenance. If not properly addressed, these challenges can limit the effectiveness of CDS, and potentially risk inaccurate or inappropriate interventions to clinicians.
Objectives: (1) To describe an approach to CDS development using evidence as a basis for clinical decision support systems that promote effective care; (2) To review recent evidence regarding the effectiveness of selected clinical decision support systems.
Method: Review and analysis of recent literature with identification of trends and best practices.
Results: The state-of-the-art in CDS has advanced significantly, and many recent trials have shown CDS to be effective, although the results are mixed overall. Issues related to knowledge capture and synthesis, problems in knowledge transformation at the interface between knowledge authors and CDS developers, and problems specific to local CDS design and implementation can interfere with CDS development. Best practices, tools and techniques to manage them are described.
Conclusions: CDS, when used well, can be effective, but further research is needed for it to reach its full potential.
Clinical Research Informatics: Survey of Recent Advances and Trends in a Maturing Field
Authors: Embi P. J. 
Published: March 2018

Summary
Objectives: To provide a survey of the field of clinical research informatics (CRI), focusing in particular on significant developments over the past 3 years and the insights they provide about the progress and state of the field.
Methods: An iterative “scoping review” of the literature published in scientific journals and conference proceedings that are relevant to CRI, from late 2009 to early 2013.
Results: 212 articles were identified, and 64 were selected to illustrate recent advances in the field. Based on those, six categories of CRI activity were identified: Data and Knowledge Management, Discovery and Standards; Clinical Data Re-Use for Research; Researcher Support and Resources; Participant Recruitment; Patients/Consumers and CRI; Policy, Regulatory and Fiscal Matters.
Conclusions: This survey demonstrates that the field of CRI has matured and is now well established. The ongoing work is essential to overcome many of the challenges the clinical research enterprise is facing and more work is needed. Even as work continues to establish necessary infrastructure, methods, and best practices, CRI researchers should strive for more rigorous study designs to evaluate the impacts of the work in the field. There is little doubt that the field is poised for rapid growth, and that the CRI literature will continue to reflect that growth in years to come.
Medical Informatics in Morocco
Authors: Bennani Othmani M. , Diouny S. , Bouhaddou O. 
Published: March 2018

Summary
Objectives: Informatics is an essential tool for helping to transform healthcare from a paper-based to a digital sector. This article explores the state-of-the-art of health informatics in Morocco. Specifically, it aims to give a general overview of the Moroccan healthcare system, the challenges it is facing, and the efforts undertaken by the informatics community and Moroccan government in terms of education, research and practice to reform the country's health sector.
Methods: Through the experience of establishing Medical Informatics as a medical specialty in 2008, creating a Moroccan Medical Informatics Association in 2010 and holding a first national congress took place in April 2012, the authors present their assessment of some important priorities for health informatics in Morocco.
Results: These Moroccan initiatives are facilitating collaboration in education, research, and implementation of clinical information systems. In particular, the stakeholders have recognized the need for a national coordinator office and the development of a national framework for standards and interoperability.
Conclusion: For developing countries like Morocco, new health IT approaches like mobile health and trans-media health advertising could help optimize scarce resources, improve access to rural areas and focus on the most prevalent health problems, optimizing health care access, quality, and cost for Morocco population.
Two Decades of HELINA Conferences: A Historical Review of Health Informatics in Africa
Authors: Korpela M. 
Published: March 2018

Summary
Objective: Review the history of health informatics in Africa as projected by the HELINA conferences, to draw inferences for the next phase.
Methods and materials: Summarising from the proceedings of HELINA 93, unpublished programmes and reports of later conferences, abstracts and presentations on the web sites of the most recent conferences, and personal recollections of all but one of the conferences. Analysing the e-health situation in Africa in 1993, 2007 and 2011 by mapping software applications presented in the respective conferences on a simplified model of potential spots for e-health use.
Results: The following phases were identified: Pre-phase from 1979; individual scientific papers. Phase 1, the 1993-1999 conferences; carried by the momentum of HELINA 93. Phase 2, interregnum; difficulty to find conference organisers. Phase 3, the 2007-2011 conferences; carried by the HELINA association as IMIA Africa Region. Currently most of the important spots for e-health use are being populated by appropriate software applications, mostly by collaborative open source projects. Phase 4 starting, characterised by the expansion of e-health practice on the continent, the HELINA association as a key organiser, and annual HELINA conferences becoming scientifically stronger and more visible.
Conclusions: Key issues in making health informatics blossom in Africa include local development capacity, community orientation, collaborative design, international collaboration, government support, champions and organised continent-wide collaboration.
Guidelines for diagnosis and therapy of venous ulcers (version 8 2008)
Authors: Gallenkemper Georg 
Published: March 2018

SummaryFour years after the publication of the latest guidelines on diagnosis and therapy of venous ulcer the German Society of Phlebology defines a completely revised and expanded version after the review of the literature published in the meantime. Particular emphasis was laid on international standards, new chapters are related to socio-economic aspects, the physical perception of the patients and the implementation of the guidelines in clinical practice.
Self-Tracking, Social Media and Personal Health Records for Patient Empowered Self-Care
Authors: Hansen M. , Fernandez-Luque L. , Lau A. Y. S. , Paton C. 
Published: March 2018

SummaryThis paper explores the range of self-tracking devices and social media platforms used by the self-tracking community, and examines the implications of widespread adoption of these tools for scientific progress in health informatics.A literature review was performed to investigate the use of social media and self-tracking technologies in the health sector. An environmental scan identified a range of products and services which were used to exemplify three levels of self-tracking: self-experimentation, social sharing of data and patient controlled electronic health records.There appears to be an increase in the use of self-tracking tools, particularly in the health and fitness sector, but also used in the management of chronic diseases. Evidence of efficacy and effectiveness is limited to date, primarily due to the health and fitness focus of current solutions as opposed to their use in disease management.Several key technologies are converging to produce a trend of increased personal health surveillance and monitoring, social connectedness and sharing, and integration of regional and national health information systems. These trends are enabling new applications of scientific techniques, from personal experimentation to e-epidemiology, as data gathered by individuals are aggregated and shared across increasingly connected healthcare networks. These trends also raise significant new ethical and scientific issues that will need to be addressed, both by health informatics researchers and the communities of self-trackers themselves.
Giving Patients Choice and Control: Health Informatics on the Patient Journey
Authors: Gann B. 
Published: March 2018

SummaryIn modern society, people expect to be actively informed and engaged in decisions about their own health care. Developments in health informatics for patients are increasingly enabling digital solutions to supporting a culture of shared decision making between patients and clinicians. In England, the national patient portal NHS Choices has pioneered patient access to information, with the objectives of achieving significant volumes of use and delivering measurable benefits for patients and the healthcare system.Opportunities for patients to use online information and transactions exist along the patient pathway, utilising a variety of methods including using online symptom checkers to manage minor ailments, choosing health services informed by metrics about the quality of service provided and patient comments, through to care delivered online.Independent evaluation of NHS Choices has indicated that the website is effective in reducing primary care consultations for minor ailments through providing information on appropriate self care. Further research is demonstrating that the collective voice of patients, expressed through online ratings and comments on care received, has a good correlation with more objective, quantitative measures of provider quality.NHS Choices has achieved high volumes of public use (15 million visits a month) and positive impacts for patients and the health care system. A new information strategy for health and social care in England published in 2012 sets the way ahead for the future of informatics for patients and the public.
Mobilizing Older Adults: Harnessing the Potential of Smart Home Technologies
Authors: Thompsonb H. J. , Demiris G. 
Published: March 2018

SummaryThis paper highlights the potential of smart home applications to not only assess mobility determinants for older adults in the home environment but also provide the opportunity for tailored interventions.We present a theoretical framework for assessing mobility parameters and utilizing this information to enable behavior change based on the Health Belief Model. We discuss examples that showcase the potential of smart home systems to not only measure but also improve mobility for community dwelling older adults.Mobility is a complex construct that cannot be addressed with a single monitoring approach or a single intervention. Instead, tailored interventions that address specific needs and behaviors of individuals and take into consideration preferences of older adults and potentially their social network are needed to effectively enforce positive behavior change. Smart home systems have the ability to capture details of one’s daily living that could otherwise not be easily obtained; however, such data repositories alone are not sufficient to improve clinical outcomes if appropriate mechanisms for data mining and analysis, as well as tailored response systems are not in place.Unleashing the potential of smart home applications to measure and improve mobility has the potential of transforming elder care and providing potentially cost-effective tools to support independence for older adults. A technologically driven smart home application can maximize its clinical relevance by pursuing interactive features that can lead to behavior change.
Unlocking the Potential of Electronic Health Records for Translational Research
Authors: Yip Y. L. ,   Section Editor for the IMIA Yearbook Section on Bioinformatics and Translational Informatics
Published: March 2018

SummaryTo review current excellent research and trend in the field of bioinformatics and translational informatics with direct application in the medical domain.Synopsis of the articles selected for the IMIA Yearbook 2012.Six excellent articles were selected in this Yearbook’s section on Bioinformatics and Translational Informatics. They exemplify current key advances in the use of patient information for translational research and health surveillance. First, two proof-of-concept studies demonstrated the cross-institutional and -geographic use of Electronic Health Records (EHR) for clinical trial subjects identification and drug safety signals detection. These reports pave ways to global large-scale population monitoring. Second, there is further evidence on the importance of coupling phenotypic information in EHR with genotypic information (either in biobank or in gene association studies) for new biomedical knowledge discovery. Third, patient data gathered via social media and self-reporting was found to be comparable to existent data and less labor intensive. This alternative means could potentially overcome data collection challenge in cohort and prospective studies. Finally, it can be noted that metagenomic studies are gaining momentum in bioinformatics and system-level analysis of human microbiome sheds important light on certain human diseases.The current literature showed that the traditional bench to bedside translational research is increasing being complemented by the reverse approach, in which bedside information can be used to provide novel biomedical insights.
The Development of AI in Medicine and the Research Environment of the SPHINX Project at the Start of the 1980s
Authors: Fieschi M. 
Published: March 2018

SummaryTo review the history of AI in Medicine in the 1980’s, placing the SPHINX system in the context of other research in this field.Summarize the main systems for AI in medicine devel- oped in the 1970-1980 decade and their relationship to the de- velopment of clinical decision-making and consultation systems.The approaches taken by AI in medicine research groups is compared and contrasted to those of others using statistical and logical methods for representing clinical inferences, and the different AI approaches are summarized, and related to the archi- tecture and systems implementation of SPHINX.The SPHINX system combined a number of advanced representational and inference choices from AI in designing a de- cision-support system for clinical consultation in the 1980s. The context within which the system was developed is outlined and related to the historical evolution of AI in medicine during that decade.
„Das heißt, ich muss sterben?!” Training kommunikativer Fertig keiten in der Onkologie und Palliativmedizin
Authors: Neuderth S. , Thierolf A. , Wolf H.-D. , van Oorschot B. , Lukasczik M. 
Published: March 2018

ZusammenfassungDas Überbringen schlechter Nachrichten wird von Ärzten oft als Herausforderung empfunden. Hinweise zum kompetenten Umgang mit solchen Gesprächssituationen sind daher zunehmend in die ärztliche Aus- und Weiterbildung implementiert worden, die entsprechenden Fertigkeiten nehmen im Nationalen Kompetenzbasierten Lernzielkatalog Medizin (NKLM) einen wichtigen Stellenwert ein. Das in diesem Beitrag vorgestellte Praxisbeispiel ermöglicht es Medizinstudierenden, das überbringen schlechter Nachrichten am übergang zu einem palliativen Behandlungsansatz im Rollenspiel mit einer Simulationspatientin zu üben. Aufgabe der Studierenden in der Arztrolle ist es, den Befund (metastasierter Brustkrebs, palliative Situation) und - sofern möglich - die Behandlungsoptionen zu besprechen. Am Universitätsklinikum Würzburg wird das Szenario im Querschnittsbereich „Interdisziplinäre Onkologie” im 7. Semester verwendet. Die besonderen Herausforderungen dieser Fallvignette sind die emotionalen Reaktionen der Patientin und ihre Situation als junge Mutter, die das Aufwachsen ihres Kindes mit hoher Wahrscheinlichkeit nicht mehr erleben wird. Die Evaluationsergebnisse der Veranstaltung sprechen für einen hohen Realitätsgehalt der Rollenspiele und eine breite Akzeptanz bei den Studierenden.
Active Immunisation with Partner Lymphocytes in Female Patients Who Want to Become Pregnant – Current Status
Authors: Günther Veronika , Alkatout Ibrahim , Junkers Wiebe , Maass Nicolai , Ziemann Malte , Görg Siegfried , von Otte Sören 
Published: March 2018

AbstractAround 1 – 3% of all couples who try to have a child are affected by recurrent miscarriage. According to the WHO, recurrent miscarriage is defined as the occurrence of three or more consecutive miscarriages up to the 20th week of pregnancy. There are various causes of recurrent miscarriage; in many cases, the causes remain unclear, with the result that immunological factors are one of the possible causes discussed. For the motherʼs immune system, the embryo represents a semi-allogeneic transplant, as half of the embryoʼs genes are of paternal origin. In place of a conventional immune response, the embryo induces a secondary protection mechanism, which contributes to the successful implantation. When performing immunisation with partner lymphocytes, the patient receives an intradermal injection of her partnerʼs prepared lymphocytes into the volar side of the forearm in order to induce immunomodulation with a consequently increased rate of pregnancy and live birth. A prerequisite for this procedure is that all other possible causes of sterility have been ruled out in advance. Due to the highly heterogeneous nature of the data, a significant benefit as a result of the immunisation cannot yet be clearly proven. However, there are signs that the therapy may be effective when using lymphocytes that have been extracted as short a time beforehand as possible. Overall, the treatment represents a safe, low-risk procedure. Following a detailed informative discussion with the couple regarding the chances of success and following a detailed review of the indication and contraindications, immunisation with partner lymphocytes can be discussed with the couple on a case-by-case basis – provided that all other possible causes of sterility have been ruled out in advance.
Portfolio return using Black-litterman single view model with ARMA-GARCH and Treynor Black model
Authors: Arisena Adri , Noviyanti Lienda , Achmad Zanbar S 
Published: March 2018

Abstrack
Establishing an optimal portfolio is a method that can help investors to minimize risk and optimize profits. Some models for optimal portfolio include Black-litterman Model and Treynor Black Model. The Black-litterman Model combines the elements of historical data and views of investors to form a new prediction of the portfolio as the basis for the preparation of weighted asset models. Predicted views in this study using time series ARMA-GARCH. The stock return data mostly have high volatility causing heteroscedasticity problems, so the GARCH model is chosen to overcome the problem. Treynor Black Model is active and passive portfolio. An active portfolio is that investors allocate their investment funds to individual securities in the capital market, while passive portfolios are investors allocating their investment funds to the stock market indices. In this research we will use Treynor-Black Model with active portfolio, so that investors can choose stock according to their allocation of funds. The purpose of this research is to form the weight of Black-litterman model portfolio with a single view investor using ARMA-GARCH and compare the profit result obtained from the formation of portfolio Black-litterman Model and Treynor-Black Model. The selected shares are PT. Bank BCA (BBCA), PT. Gudang Garam (GGRM), and PT. Waskita Karya (WSKT).
The influence of steaming and a ratio of grated coconut to water on the yield and quality of virgin coconut oil
Authors: Rahmah N L , Istikoma R , Kumalaningsih S 
Published: March 2018

AbstractThe quality of Virgin Coconut Oil (VCO) is determined by the quality of coconut milk. High quality of coconut milk can be obtained by proper handling of grated coconut as raw material. When coconut was shredded, the lipases are exposed which can hydrolyse the oil resulting free fatty acid (FFA).Steaming is a technique to inactivate lipases. In addition, a ratio of grated coconut to water and steaming duration are important factor to the VCO extraction. Therefore, this study aimed to obtain the best combination of steaming duration and suitable ratio of grated coconut to water in order to produce high quality VCO. The research design was Factorial Randomized Block Design consisted of 2 factors: steaming duration (5; 10; and 15 minutes) and grated coconut to water ratio (1:0; 1:1; 1:2; 1:3; and 1:4 w/v),each treatment was repeated twice. Parameters analyzed were FFA, moisture content, and yield values. The result showed that the best treatment was a treatment with 15 minutes steaming of grated coconut and 1:4 ratio of grated coconut to water. The best treatment VCO had characteristic as follows: FFA 0.054 %, moisture content 0.129 % and yield 17.563 %.
Assessment of good manufacturing practice for small scale food industry in Malang region, East Java, Indonesia
Authors: Purwantiningrum I , Widyhastuty W , Christian J , Sari N 
Published: March 2018

Abstract
Enhancing food safety in developing countries, such as Indonesia, poses more challenges, especially those of the small- and medium-scale. Various food safety systems are available and readily implemented in the food industry. However, to ensure the effectiveness of such systems, pre-requisite programs should be applied prior to the implementation of food safety system. One of the most acknowledged pre-requisite program is Good Manufacturing Practices (GMP). The aim of this study is to assess the GMP compliance of some small-scale food companies in East Java. Three types of traditional food product were selected, include tempe chips, palm sugar, and instant herbal drink. A survey involving three companies for each type of traditional food was conducted. Data was obtained through observation and assessment based on tabulated criteria in GMP criteria. In essential, the result revealed the compliment level of the food companies being surveyed. There was different level of compliment between each type of the food industry, where the palm sugar industry had the lowest level of compliment compared to the other two. This difference is due to the food safety awareness, social and cultural influences, and also knowledge on food safety and hygiene practice.