bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Early life trauma increases threat response of peri‐weaning rats, reduction of axo‐somatic synapses formed by parvalbumin cells and perineuronal net in the basolateral nucleus of amygdala
Authors: Santiago Adrienne N. , Lim Kayla Y. , Opendak Maya , Sullivan Regina M. , Aoki Chiye 
Published: August 2018

AbstractEarly life trauma is a risk factor for life‐long disorders related to emotional processing, but knowledge underlying its enduring effect is incomplete. This study was motivated by the hypothesis that early life trauma increases amygdala‐dependent threat responses via reduction in inhibition by parvalbumin (PV) interneurons and perineuronal nets (PNN) supporting PV cells, thus increasing excitability of the basolateral amygdala (BLA). From postnatal day (PN) 8–12, rat pups of both sexes were reared under normal bedding or under insufficient nest‐building materials to induce maternal‐to‐infant maltreatment trauma (Scarcity‐Adversity Model, SAM). At weaning age of PN23, the SAM group exhibited increased threat responses to predator odor. The SAM‐induced increase in threat response was recapitulated in normally reared PN22–23 rats that were unilaterally depleted of PNN in the BLA by the enzymes, chondroitinase‐ABC plus hyaluronidase at PN19–20. Light and electron microscopic analysis of the BLA revealed that anterior‐to‐mid levels of SAM group's BLAs exhibited decreased PNN intensity and decreased axo‐somatic synapses between PV‐to‐principal pyramidal‐like neurons and PV‐to‐PV. PV and PNN densities (cells/mm2) in the BLA of both control (CON) and SAM groups were still low at PN12 and SAM delayed the ontogenetic rise of PV intensity and PNN density. Moreover, PV cell density in the anterior‐to‐mid BLA correlated negatively with threat response of CON animals, but not for SAM animals. Thus, reduction of PNN‐supported, PV‐mediated somatic inhibition of pyramidal cells provides a mechanistic support for the enduring effect of early life maltreatment manifested as increasing innate threat response at weaning.
A Dynamic Biomaterial Based on a 2‐Nitrobenzyl Derivative with a tert‐Butyl Substituent at the Benzyl Position: Rapid Response and Minimized Phototoxicity
Authors: Yamamoto Shota , Ikegami Hiroki , Yamaguchi Kazuo , Nakanishi Jun 
Published: August 2018

AbstractThe front cover artwork is provided by the group of Prof. Jun Nakanishi at the International Center for Materials Nanoarchitectonics (WPI‐MANA), National Institute for Materials Science (NIMS). The image shows photo‐induced cell migration behavior on a dynamic cell culture platform based on 2‐nitrobenzyl ester with different benzyl substituents. Read the full text of the Communication at10.1002/cptc.201800087.
Reporting on supply chain sustainability: Measurement using item response theory
Authors: Fernandes Sheila Mendes , Bornia Antonio Cezar 
Published: August 2018

AbstractThe purpose of this article is to measure the level of reporting about supply chain sustainability using item response theory (IRT). IRT allows inserting items and their respondents into a single scale and creating interpretable scales. An instrument composed of 24 items was prepared and applied to 345 sustainability reports from companies in 21 sectors of the Brazilian economy. It used Samejima's gradual response model to construct a scale to measure the level of reporting on supply chain sustainability. As a result, five interpretable levels were identified in the scale constructed (Minimum, Low, Medium, Medium High and High). The reporting about the supply chain in most of the sustainability reports analyzed (48.41%) is concentrated at the scale's lowest or minimum level: 24.93% are at the second or low level, 2.61% are at the medium level, and only 0.29% of the reports are at the high level of the scale.
Corporate social responsibility information and involvement strategies in controversial industries
Authors: Vollero Agostino , Conte Francesca , Siano Alfonso , Covucci Claudia 
Published: August 2018

AbstractThis paper assesses how companies belonging to controversial and non‐controversial industries differ in their adoption of corporate social responsibility (CSR) information and involvement strategies. Drawing on legitimacy and stakeholder theories, a thematic content analysis of the websites of companies listed in the Dow Jones Sustainability Word Index is used to establish a set of measures for CSR communication strategies aimed at fostering stakeholder engagement. Companies in controversial industries are found to be more likely to adopt a CSR information strategy than those in non‐controversial industries but do not attempt to create stakeholder involvement. The results highlight the importance for communication managers in controversial organizations of considering information strategies as a meta‐level of engagement and of implementing an involvement strategy to mitigate the level of controversy. The study offers a wider conceptualization of the business activities of controversial industries and contributes to the debate on stakeholder engagement for organizational legitimacy.
Glial Cell Expansion Coincides with Neural Circuit Formation in the Developing Auditory Brainstem
Authors: Brandebura Ashley N. , Morehead Michael , Heller Daniel T. , Holcomb Paul , Kolson Douglas R. , Jones Garrett , Mathers Peter H. , Spirou George A. 
Published: August 2018

AbstractNeural circuit formation involves maturation of neuronal, glial and vascular cells, as well as cell proliferation and cell death. A fundamental understanding of cellular mechanisms is enhanced by quantification of cell types during key events in synapse formation and pruning and possessing qualified genetic tools for cell type‐specific manipulation. Acquiring this information in turn requires validated cell markers and genetic tools. We quantified changing proportions of neurons, astrocytes, oligodendrocytes, and microglia in the medial nucleus of the trapezoid body (MNTB) during neural circuit development. Cell type‐specific markers, light microscopy and 3D virtual reality software, the latter developed in our laboratory, were used to count cells within distinct cell populations at postnatal days (P)3 and P6, bracketing the period of nerve terminal growth and pruning in this system. These data revealed a change from roughly equal numbers of neurons and glia at P3 to a 1.5:1 ratio of glia to neurons at P6. PCNA and PH3 labeling revealed that proliferation of oligodendrocytes contributed to the increase in glial cell number during this timeframe. We next evaluated Cre driver lines for selectivity in labeling cell populations. En1‐Cre was specific for MNTB neurons. PDGFRα‐Cre and Aldh1L1‐Cre, thought to be mostly specific for oligodendrocyte lineage cells and astrocytes, respectively, both labeled significant numbers of neurons, oligodendrocytes, and astrocytes and are non‐specific genetic tools in this neural system.
Glycine‐modified growth hormone secretagogues identified in seized doping material
Authors: Gajda Paulina Marta , Holm Niels Bjerre , Hoej Lars Jakobsen , Rasmussen Brian Schou , Dalsgaard Petur Weihe , Reitzel Lotte Ask , Linnet Kristian 
Published: August 2018

AbstractA number of unknown pharmaceutical preparations seized by Danish customs authorities were submitted for liquid chromatography–high resolution mass spectrometry (LC–HRMS) analysis. Comparison with reference standards unequivocally identified the content of the powders as analogs of the growth hormone secretagogues GHRP‐2 (Pralmorelin), GHRP‐6, Ipamorelin, and modified growth hormone releasing factor (modified GRF 1–29), which can be used as performance‐enhancing substances in sports. In all cases, the detected modification involved the addition of an extra glycine amino acid at the N‐terminus, and analytical methods targeting growth hormone secretagogues should hence be updated accordingly.
RELT negatively regulates the early phase of the T‐cell response in mice
Authors: Choi Beom K. , Kim Seon‐Hee , Kim Young H. , Lee Don G. , Oh Ho S. , Han Chungyong , Kim Yu I. , Jeon Yoon , Lee Ho , Kwon Byoung S. 
Published: August 2018

AbstractRELT (tumor necrosis factor receptor superfamily member 19‐like, TNFRSF19L) is a TNFR superfamily member that is primarily expressed in immune cells and lymphoid tissues, but whose immunological function is not well‐defined. Here, we show that RELT is expressed by naive T cells and DCs, and their activation or maturation decreases RELT expression. Using RELT knockout (RELT−/−) mice, we demonstrate that RELT deficiency selectively promotes the homeostatic proliferation of CD4+ T cells but not CD8+ T cells, and enhances anti‐tumor CD8+ T‐cell responses. We also demonstrate, using an adoptive transfer model in which RELT is knocked‐out in either the transferred transgenic CD8+ T cells or the recipient melanoma‐bearing mice, that RELT on multiple immune cells limits the hyper‐response of tumor‐specific CD8+ T cells. Hyper‐responsiveness of RELT‐deficient T cells was induced by promoting their proliferation. Taken together, our findings suggest that RELT acts as a negative regulator that controls the early phase of T‐cell activation probably by promoting T‐cell apoptosis.
Disposable Electrochemical Sensor for Rapid Determination of Ethyl Xanthate in the Mining Industry
Authors: Pedre Ignacio , Battaglini Fernando , González Graciela A. 
Published: August 2018

AbstractXanthate is a widely used reagent in sulfide mineral flotation. A simple and reliable method is presented for the direct monitoring of xanthate in flotation baths and their effluents, as a tool for their reconditioning, and reducing their environmental impact. For this purpose, screen‐printed graphite electrodes (SPE) were modified with a polyelectrolyte‐surfactant matrix which was able to adsorb the xanthate, whose concentration is determined by electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) following the change in the electron transfer resistance of ferrocyanide after a pre‐oxidation treatment. Linear ranges from 0.25 to 1 μM and 15 to 100 μM were determined for effluents and flotation baths, respectively. A mechanism for the electron transfer process is proposed based on Quartz crystal microbalance, IR and cyclic voltammetry studies.
Associations between dimensions of anorexia nervosa and obsessive–compulsive disorder: An examination of personality and psychological factors in patients with anorexia nervosa
Authors: Levinson Cheri A. , Zerwas Stephanie C. , Brosof Leigh C. , Thornton Laura M. , Strober Michael , Pivarunas Bernadette , Crowley James J. , Yilmaz Zeynep , Berrettini Wade H. , Brandt Harry , Crawford Steven , Fichter Manfred M. , Halmi Katherine A. , Johnson Craig , Kaplan Allan S. , La Via Maria , Mitchell James , Rotondo Alessandro , Woodside D. Blake , Kaye Walter H. , Bulik Cynthia M. 
Published: August 2018

AbstractObjectiveAnorexia nervosa (AN) and obsessive–compulsive disorder (OCD) are highly comorbid. However, the factors that account for this comorbidity are poorly understood. We examined the core dimensions of AN and OCD and psychological and personality factors shared by both disorders.MethodIn path analyses (N = 732 women with either current AN or recovered from AN), we examined which factors were uniquely and independently associated with the core dimensions of AN and OCD. We also examined recovery from AN as a moderator.ResultsWhen individuals with AN reported greater concern over mistakes, they endorsed more severity in both AN and OCD core dimensions. These unique associations existed above and beyond all other transdiagnostic personality and psychological factors and regardless of AN recovery status.ConclusionsConcern over mistakes partially accounts for severity in the core dimensions of both AN and OCD. Concern over mistakes may represent an important target in the aetiology of AN and OCD.
Antioxidant properties, ACE/renin inhibitory activities of pigeon pea hydrolysates and effects on systolic blood pressure of spontaneously hypertensive rats
Authors: Olagunju Aderonke I. , Omoba Olufunmilayo S. , Enujiugha Victor N. , Alashi Adeola M. , Aluko Rotimi E. 
Published: August 2018

AbstractLegumes are rich sources of protein in human diet and their consumption has been associated with the prevention of chronic diseases attributable to their bioactive components. Pigeon pea (Cajanus cajan) is an underutilized legume with relatively high protein content (~24%). Protein hydrolysates were prepared from pea isolate by enzymatic hydrolysis using pepsin and pancreatin. Hydrolysates were evaluated for their amino acid composition, antioxidant properties, in vitro and in vivo antihypertensive properties. The hydrolysates had high hydrophobic amino acids, especially isoleucine, phenylalanine, and leucine. Pepsin‐pancreatin‐hydrolyzed pea protein (PPHPp) showed significantly higher ability to scavenge DPPH˙ while pancreatin‐hydrolyzed pea protein (PPHPa) had higher ˙OH, ABTS˙+ scavenging, Fe3+ reducing and linoleic acid peroxidation inhibition. PPHPp exhibited superior angiotensin‐converting enzyme inhibition (61.82%) while PPHPa showed higher renin inhibition (14.28%). PPHPp exhibited strong antihypertensive effect, showing an instantaneous systolic blood pressure lowering effect (−26.12 mmHg) within 2‐h post‐oral administration. Pigeon pea protein hydrolysate (especially from pancreatin digest) could therefore, be a promising source of bioactive peptides and potential ingredient for formulation of functional foods against oxidative stress and hypertension.
Lexical learning in a new language leads to neural pattern similarity with word reading in native language
Authors: Li Huiling , Qu Jing , Chen Chuansheng , Chen Yanjun , Xue Gui , Zhang Lei , Lu Chengrou , Mei Leilei 
Published: August 2018

AbstractPrevious neuroimaging studies have suggested similar neural activations for word reading in native and second languages. However, such similarities were qualitatively determined (i.e., overlapping activation based on traditional univariate activation analysis). In this study, using representational similarity analysis and an artificial language training paradigm, we quantitatively computed cross‐language neural pattern similarity to examine the modulatory effect of proficiency in the new language. Twenty‐four native Chinese speakers were trained to learn 30 words in a logographic artificial language for 12 days and scanned while performing a semantic decision task after 4‐day training and after 12‐day training. Results showed that higher proficiency in the new language was associated with higher cross‐language pattern similarity in select regions of the reading network.
Glucocorticoid-Induced Insulin Resistance in Men Is Associated With Suppressed Undercarboxylated Osteocalcin
Authors: Parker Lewan , Lin Xuzhu , Garnham Andrew , McConell Glenn , Stepto Nigel K , Hare David L , Byrnes Elizabeth , Ebeling Peter R , Seeman Ego , Brennan-Speranza Tara C , Levinger Itamar 
Published: August 2018

ABSTRACT

In mice, glucocorticoid-induced insulin resistance occurs largely through impaired osteoblast function and decreased circulating undercarboxylated osteocalcin (ucOC). Whether these mechanisms contribute to glucocorticoid-induced insulin resistance in humans has yet to be established. In addition, the effects of glucocorticoids on the exercise-induced increase in circulating ucOC and insulin sensitivity are also unknown. We hypothesized that acute glucocorticoid treatment would lead to basal and postexercise insulin resistance in part through decreased circulating ucOC and ucOC-mediated skeletal muscle protein signaling. Nine healthy men completed two separate cycling sessions 12 hours after ingesting either glucocorticoid (20 mg prednisolone) or placebo (20 mg Avicel). The homeostatic model assessment was used to assess basal insulin sensitivity and a 2-hour euglycemic–hyperinsulinemic clamp was commenced 3 hours after exercise to assess postexercise insulin sensitivity. Serum ucOC and skeletal muscle protein signaling were measured. Single-dose glucocorticoid ingestion increased fasting glucose (27%, p &lt; 0.01) and insulin (83%, p &lt; 0.01), and decreased basal insulin sensitivity (−47%, p &lt; 0.01). Glucocorticoids reduced insulin sensitivity after cycling exercise (−34%, p &lt; 0.01), reduced muscle GPRC6A protein content (16%, p &lt; 0.05), and attenuated protein phosphorylation of mTORSer2481, AktSer374, and AS160Thr642 (59%, 61%, and 50%, respectively; all ps &lt; 0.05). Serum ucOC decreased (−24%, p &lt; 0.01) which correlated with lower basal insulin sensitivity (r = 0.54, p = 0.02), lower insulin sensitivity after exercise (r = 0.72, p &lt; 0.05), and attenuated muscle protein signaling (r = 0.48–0.71, p &lt; 0.05). Glucocorticoid-induced basal and postexercise insulin resistance in humans is associated with the suppression of circulating ucOC and ucOC-linked protein signaling in skeletal muscle. Whether ucOC treatment can offset glucocorticoid-induced insulin resistance in human subjects requires further investigation. © 2018 American Society for Bone and Mineral Research.
Exploring the vertical accretion of ornithogenic sediments from the Xisha Islands, South China Sea, by seabird subfossils
Authors: Xu Liqiang , Zhao Jinjun , Wu Libin , Chen Lin , Liu Xiaodong 
Published: August 2018

ABSTRACTReef islands of the Xisha Islands, South China Sea, were formed during the mid–late Holocene. However, the vertical accretion of ornithogenic sediments of the islands is not well understood owing to a lack of precise dating. Here we present an analysis of seven of the Xisha Islands, and reconstruct their accumulation history based on radiocarbon analysis of seabird subfossils. From Clam‐based age–depth models, a universal development mode of the Xisha Islands is hypothesized. The mean accumulation rate of guano sediments on the Xisha Islands in the late Holocene was 1.02 ± 0.42 mm a−1. The sum of the deposition rate of coral sands and the rate of ornithogenic accumulation is lower than or close to the current rate of sea level rise in the Xisha Islands, implying a potential threat to the islands’ safety. This study also provides robust evidence for a sequence of island development associated with seabirds.
Experimental and theoretical study of Raman scattering spectra of ternary chalcogenides Tl4HgI6, Tl4HgBr6, and TlHgCl3
Authors: Yukhymchuk Volodymyr O. , Dzhagan Volodymyr M. , Mazur Nazar V. , Parasyuk Oleg V. , Khyzhun Oleg Y. , Luzhnyi Ivan V. , Yaremko Anatoliy M. , Valakh Mykhailo Ya. , Litvinchuk Alexander P. 
Published: August 2018

AbstractThe results of a comprehensive experimental and theoretical study of Raman scattering of Tl4HgI6, Tl4HgBr6, and TlHgCl3 ternary chalcogenides are presented. Phonon mode assignment to the specific lattice eigenmodes is achieved via comparison of experimental data with the results of first principle lattice dynamics calculations. Both experimental data and theoretical calculations allow to confirm that Tl4HgBr6 crystals belong to the non‐centrosymmetric space group P4nc, whereas Tl4HgI6 to the centrosymmetric space group P4/mnc.
Separation and determination of microRNAs by high‐speed capillary sieving electrophoresis
Authors: Wang Wei , Cai Xiaoyu , Lin Ping , Bai Ruiguang 
Published: August 2018

AbstractIn this work, high‐speed capillary sieving electrophoresis with laser‐induced fluorescence detection was applied to simultaneously determine three microRNAs. A developed manual sample introduction device for the high‐speed capillary electrophoresis system was applied to perform sample injection. Strategies, including field‐amplified sample injection and electrokinetic injection, were studied to improve the detection sensitivity. Under the optimal conditions, the limit of detection for DNA‐159 could be lowered to 5.10 × 10−12 mol/L. In order to achieve enough separation resolution, two DNA probes were designed to have extra sequences that acted as the drag tails. Under the optimized conditions, the three DNA probes and the complexes of microRNA‐156, microRNA‐159, and microRNA‐166 could be completely separated within 3.2 min in background electrolyte (pH 8.7) containing 2.0% m/m polyvinyl pyrrolidone and 0.4% m/m hydroxyethyl cellulose. The limits of detection for the three microRNAs were 0.051, 0.11, and 0.25 nmol/L, respectively. Then the method was applied to analyze the microRNAs spiked in the samples extracted from banana leaves. The recoveries ranged from 114.3 to 121.1% (n = 3). The results showed that the method developed in this work was an effective means for microRNA assay.
Recent advances of online coupling of sample preparation techniques with ultra high performance liquid chromatography and supercritical fluid chromatography
Authors: Liang Yanshan , Zhou Ting 
Published: August 2018

AbstractUltra high performance liquid chromatography and supercritical fluid chromatography techniques are favored because of their high efficiency and fast analysis speed. Although many sample preparation techniques have been coupled with common liquid chromatography online, the online coupling of sample preparation with the two popular chromatography techniques have gained increasing attention owing to the increasing requirements of efficiency and sensitivity. In this review, we have discussed and summarized the recent advances of the online coupling of sample preparation with ultra high performance liquid chromatography and supercritical fluid chromatography techniques. The main sample preparation techniques that have been coupled with ultra high performance liquid chromatography online are solid‐phase extraction and in‐tube solid‐phase microextraction, while solid‐phase extraction and supercritical fluid extraction are the main techniques that have been coupled with supercritical fluid chromatography online. Especially, the strategies for online coupling of sample preparation with chromatography techniques were summarized. Typical applications and growing trends of the online coupling techniques were also discussed in detail. With the increasing demands of improving the efficiency, throughput, and analytical capability toward complex samples of the analysis methods, online coupling of sample preparation with chromatography techniques will acquire further development.