bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Differentiation Between Pellucid-Like Keratoconus and Pellucid Marginal Degeneration Using Swept-Source Optical Coherence Tomography
Authors: Lenk Janine , Herber Robert , Pillunat Lutz E. , Spörl Eberhard , Raiskup Frederik 
Published: November 2024

Purpose:
The distinction between pellucid-like keratoconus (PLK) and pellucid marginal corneal degeneration (PMD) based on tomographic examinations is difficult. In this study, corneal tomographic and biomechanical parameters, after classifying PMD and PLK using swept-source optical coherence tomography, were analyzed.

Methods:
Diagnoses of PLK and PMD were made using SS-OCT imaging, two groups were formed: PLK (n = 30) and PMD (n = 10). Corneal thickness was measured at the 5, 6, and 7 o'clock positions centrally, superiorly, and inferiorly with SS-OCT. Tomographic, densitometric, and biomechanical parameters were investigated using Scheimpflug-based methods.

Results:
Patients with PMD were significantly older than patients with PLK (55.2 [95% CI, 47.0–63.3] vs. 42.0 years [95% CI, 38.2–46.0]; P = 0.002). The median Kmax value did not differ significantly between PMD and PLK (54.7 D [95% CI, 48.0–62.8] vs. 52.0 D [95% CI, 49.4–53.9]; P = 0.5). Astigmatism was significantly higher in the PMD group than in the PLK group (median 9.0 D [6.1–11.5] D vs. 3.7 [2.4–4.6] D; P < 0.001). The biomechanical parameters did not differ between PMD and PLK (DA Ratio max 2 mm, integrated radius, stiffness parameter at first applanation, and Corvis Biomechanical Index (CBI); each P > 0.05). There were significant differences in the corneal thickness ratio inferior to the center between the two groups (−23.7% [−31.5 to (−15.9)] versus 2.4% [−1.2 to 5.9], P < 0.001) and at 6 o'clock (−29% [−38.7 to −19.29] versus 0.18% [−4.62 to 5, P < 0.001) and 7 o'clock (−24.5% [−34.2 to −14.7] versus −2.0% [−6.65 to 2.73], P < 0.001).

Conclusions:
Neither Scheimpflug-based tomographic nor biomechanical parameters can differentiate between PLK and PMD. SS-OCT can help with this differentiation because of the typical thinning of corneal pachymetry near the limbus.
Network Pharmacology Prediction and Molecular Docking-based Strategy to Explore the Potential Mechanism of Guiyi Tonglong Prescription in the Treatment of Benign Prostatic Hyperplasia
Authors: Wang Honglei , Gao Qinghe , Liu Shengjing , Guo Boda 
Published: November 2024

Background:
Benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) is a common condition affecting the urinary tract. This study aimed at exploring the potential of Guiyi Tonglong (GYTL) prescription for the treatment of benign prostatic hyperplasia using network pharmacology and molecular docking technology.

Methods:
The main active ingredients in GYTL prescription were identified from the Traditional Chinese Medicine Systems Pharmacology and the Integrative Pharmacology-based Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCMIP) databases based on drug similarity of ≥ 30% and oral bioavailability of ≥ 0.18. Protein–protein interaction (PPI) networks, gene ontology, and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) enrichment analyses were used to study the interactions and pathway enrichment and establish ingredient-target-pathway networks. The structure of the active ingredient was docked to that of the potential protein target using the AutoDock molecular docking software.

Results:
A total of 86 active ingredients and 130 potential targets were screened from GYTL prescription, and a PPI network was constructed to identify the five most important core targets, namely SRC, TP53, STAT3, AKT1, and PIK3CA. Enrichment analysis revealed that GYTL prescription may play a role in the treatment of BPH through multiple signaling pathways, such as PI3K-Akt, EGFR, AGE-RAGE, and HIF-1. Molecular docking indicated a potential interaction between the active ingredients and targets.

Conclusion:
These results provide further information regarding the active ingredients and molecular mechanisms of GYTL prescription in treating BPH.
Microbiological profile and antibiotic susceptibility profile of urine cultures in patients with spinal cord injury—retrospective study
Authors: Ferreira Nuno J. S. , Branco Raquel A. , Pimentel Sabrina C. , Paço Maria Ana S. , Coelho Isabel M. S. R. , Serpa Lúcia E. P. R. 
Published: November 2024

Abstract

Background:
Urinary tract infections (UTIs) and urinary tract colonizations (UTCs) are common in patients with spinal cord injury (SCI). The aim of this study was to characterize the microbiological profile of urine cultures in patients with SCI and to determine the antibiotic susceptibility profile of most common microorganisms, to track antibiotic resistance and facilitate empiric antibiotic selection.

Methods:
A retrospective observational study was conducted on 235 urine culture results of 29 patients with SCI followed at a Physical and Rehabilitation Medicine outpatient consultation between January 2016 and April 2024. Data regarding sociodemographics, cause of SCI, American Spinal Injury Association Impairment Scale classification, voiding method, microbiological urine culture profile, and antimicrobial resistance were collected and statistically analyzed. UTIs (defined as bacteriuria, leukocyturia, positive urine culture, and new onset of signs and/or symptoms) were differentiated from UTCs.

Results:
Patients were mostly men (86%), with a mean age of 52.1 years. UTIs occurred in 134 specimens (57%) and UTCs in 101 (43%). In both UTIs and UTCs, microbiological agents were mostly bacteria; Escherichia coli was the commonest overall (39%) and more frequent in indwelling catheterization (in UTIs) and intermittent self-catheterization (in UTCs); more frequently identified microorganisms were E. coli, Klebsiella pneumoniae, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Proteus mirabilis, and Enterococcus faecalis. For these 5 more frequent bacteria, antibiotic susceptibility profiles were determined. High resistance to fluoroquinolones, low resistance to cephalosporins, and very low resistance to nitrofurantoin were found. Specific multidrug-resistant organisms (MDROs) accounted for 11.2%, mostly identified in patients with indwelling catheters. Antibiotic prescriptions in UTIs were according to antibiograms.

Conclusions:
In UTIs and UTCs, E. coli was the most common microorganism; microorganisms were distinct on different types of voiding methods. Antibiotic susceptibility profiles were determined for the more frequent bacteria. Very low resistance to nitrofurantoin of E. coli and E. faecalis, low resistance to cephalosporins, and high resistance to fluoroquinolones were found. The data now reported can, in selected cases, facilitate empiric antibiotic selection.
Wellbeing after finalisation of a workers’ compensation claim: a cross-sectional survey
Authors: Weir James , Fary Robyn , Mitchell Tim , Johnston Venerina , Wyatt Mary , Guthrie Robert , Myers Bronwyn , Beales Darren 
Published: November 2024

ABSTRACT

Objective
Injured workers can be disadvantaged after a workers’ compensation claims ends. This study investigated the association of a range of variables with wellbeing in injured workers who had finalised a workers’ compensation claim >3 months prior.

Methods
On-line, cross-sectional survey (n = 129, 55.81% female). Wellbeing was measured using the Psychological Wellbeing 18-item (PWB) and the Personal Wellbeing Score (PWS).

Results
Multivariable quantile regression analysis controlling for education level demonstrated associations between the PWB and levels of psychological distress -1.53 (95% CI -2.11 to -0.94), p < 0.001 and resilience 6.51 (95% CI 2.65 to 10.37), p = 0.001, and between the PWS and levels of psychological distress -0.04 (95% CI -0.51 to -0.29), p < 0.001 and resilience 1.2 (95% CI 0.47 to 1.93), p = 0.001.

Conclusions
Contemporaneous variables of resilience and psychological distress were stronger correlates with wellbeing than historic claim-related variables.
Effectiveness and safety of negative pressure wound therapy in patients with deep sternal wound infection: a systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Liu Yen-Ting , Lin Shih-Han , Peng Chi , Huang Ren-Wen , Lin Cheng-Hung , Hsu Chung-Chen , Chen Shih-Heng , Lin Yu-Te , Lee Che-Hsiung 
Published: November 2024

Background:
Deep sternal wound infection (DSWI) is a severe and life-threatening complication following cardiovascular surgery. Negative pressure wound therapy (NPWT) has emerged as a promising therapeutic bridging option for DSWI. In this systematic review and meta-analysis, the authors aimed to evaluate the impact of NPWT on clinical outcomes in patients with DSWI.

Material and Methods:
A comprehensive literature search was conducted according to the PRISMA guideline in electronic databases, including PubMed, Embase, and Cochrane Library. Data extraction was performed independently by two reviewers, and risk of bias was assessed by ROBINS-I tool. The primary outcomes assessed were mortality rate and reinfection rate. The secondary outcomes assessed were length of hospital stay and ICU stay.

Results:
In this systematic review identified a total of 36 studies, comprising 3681 patients with DSWI who received treatment. The meta-analysis revealed that NPWT was associated with a significant reduction in mortality rate (RR 0.46, 95% CI: 0.35–0.61, P<0.000001) and reinfection rate (RR 0.43, 95% CI: 0.25–0.74, P=0.002) compared to conventional wound management. Furthermore, pooling of these studies showed significant difference between the NPWT and conventional treatment groups in length of hospital stay (mean difference: −4.49, 95% CI: −8.14 to −0.83; P=0.02) and length of ICU stay (mean difference: −1.11, 95% CI: −2.18 to −0.04; P=0.04).

Conclusion:
This systematic review and meta-analysis provide evidence that NPWT is superior to conventional treatment for patients with DSWI following cardiovascular surgery.
Impacts, Adaptations, and Preparedness Among SNAP-Ed Implementers During the COVID-19 Pandemic: A Multistate Study
Authors: Draper Carrie L. , Younginer Nicholas , Rodriguez Kira , Bruno Pamela , Balestracci Kate , Samin Sharraf 
Published: November 2024

Objective:
The study examines: 1) impacts of COVID-19 on the work of Supplemental Nutrition Assistance Program – Education (SNAP-Ed) implementers, 2) facilitators and barriers experienced in making adaptations, and 3) factors that would have helped with preparedness to adapt.

Design, Setting, and Participants:
A purposive sample of 181 SNAP-Ed program implementers from across five states completed a survey or interview based on the study aims. Quantitative data was summarized with descriptive statistics and qualitative data was analyzed thematically.

Results:
Direct education activities were found to be most impacted during COVID-19 while working to change policies, systems, and environments and indirect education were less impacted. Both positive and negative impacts surfaced. Respondents were most likely to say they were moderately or slightly prepared to make adaptations. Elements of internal organizations, technology, and partners both helped and hindered adapting. Pre-established virtual capacity, formal preparation and planning protocols and procedures, and better and more frequent communication with partners and program leadership would have helped with preparedness.

Conclusion:
SNAP-Ed needs assessment and implementation processes should integrate and expand upon the lessons learned in the study to enhance future emergency preparedness among program implementers. Program policy should be updated to allow for implementation flexibility during future emergencies.
Diagnostic Accuracy of Four-Dimensional Computed Tomography in Preoperative Localization of Primary Hyperparathyroidism After Negative or Inconclusive Sestamibi: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis
Authors: Smayra Karen , Miangul Shahid , Nasr Joseph , Sato Alma , Lee Sum-Yu C. , Bitton Liranne , El Ghazal Nour , Alexander Kyle G. , Nakanishi Hayato , Than Christian A. , Uberoi Raman 
Published: November 2024

Objective
The aim of the study is to assess the diagnostic accuracy of 4-dimensional computed tomography (4D-CT) scans for patients with primary hyperparathyroidism (pHPT) after negative or inconclusive Technetium-99m sestamibi single-photon emission computed tomography scan.

Methods
A literature search of several databases was conducted from inception to August 2023. Eligible studies reported adult patients (>18 years old) who underwent 4D-CT after negative or inconclusive sestamibi results. The pooled proportions were analyzed using a random-effects model. This review was registered in PROSPERO (CRD42023446285).

Results
From 208 initial studies screened, 10 met the eligibility criteria, with a total of 335 patients with a diagnosis of pHPT who underwent 4D-CT scans and subsequent surgical exploration. Nine of the studies reported a pooled sensitivity of localization of 71% (0.71; 95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.610, 0.811, I
2 = 72%). The pooled specificity of localization across 5 studies was calculated at 47% (0.47; 95% CI: −0.111, 1.059, I
2 = 99%). Seven of the included studies reported a pooled positive predictive value of 81% (0.81; 95% CI: 0.708, 0.917, I
2 = 70%), and 6 of the studies reported a negative predictive value of 28% (0.28; 95% CI: −0.114, 0.683, I
2 = 98%).

Conclusions
For pHPT patients with inconclusive sestamibi scans, 4D-CT demonstrates promising results with good diagnostic accuracy for the localization of pHPT. Additional studies evaluating larger groups of patients may provide further support for the use of 4D-CT in this population.
The association between hypertension and different types of dietary carbohydrates
Authors: Rafieipour Alireza , Zeinalabedini Mobina , Shekari Soheila , Azaryan Fatemeh , Salimi Zahra , Hassanpour Ardekanizadeh Naeemeh , Mahmoudi Zahra , Kohansal Atefeh , Shamsi-Goushki Ali , Gholamalizadeh Maryam , Mosavi Jarrahi Seyed Alireza , Khoshdooz Sara , Doaei Saeid , Kooshki Akram 
Published: November 2024

Background
Hypertension is the most prominent and well acknowledged chronic disease in developed countries and is a significant contributor to global mortality. The present study aimed to investigate the association between hypertension and different types of dietary carbohydrates.

Method
This cross-sectional study was conducted on 4184 people aged 35–70, including 1239 patients with hypertension and 2945 subjects with normal blood pressure (BP) in Sabzevar, Iran. The dietary intake data were collected through the administration of a semiquantitative Food Frequency Questionnaire. Utilizing Nutritionist IV software, dietary glucose, fructose, simple sugar, carbohydrate, and galactose consumption were evaluated.

Results
A direct association was found between dietary glucose and BP (odds ratio: 1.02; 95% CI: 1.01–1.05; P = 0.04). This association remained significant after adjusting for age. Further adjustments for education, marital status, job, physical activity, and BMI, and additional adjustments for energy intake did not change the results.

Conclusion
In summary, the present study identified a significant association between hypertension and dietary intake of glucose. Considering that carbohydrates are an essential part of the diet worldwide, these findings can be valuable in formulating dietary interventions for hypertensive patients.
Effect of quantified cranial osteopathic manipulation on wild type and transgenic rat models of Alzheimer’s disease
Authors: Hines De’Yana , Tobey Hope , Dugan Patrick , Boehringer Seth , Helm Richard , Anandakrishnan Ramu , Werre Stephen , VandeVord Pamela , Costa Blaise M. 
Published: November 2024

AbstractAlzheimer’s Disease is a chronic progressive neurodegenerative disorder that impairs the cerebral lymphatic system and compartmental fluid exchange leading to a decline in cognitive function. Due to the lack of disease modifying medications, non-pharmacological Cranial Osteopathic Manipulation (COM) is evolving as a potential minimally invasive treatment choice. In this work, the effect of quantified COM treatment, using a nanosensor glove, on 3-month-old (Yg) and 18-month-old transgenic (Tg) rat model of Alzheimer’s Disease were studied using the Morris Water Maze (MWM), Western Blots, and Proteomics and Transcriptomics assays. The results revealed that COM had minimal to no significant difference in the behavioral and biochemical parameters in the Yg rats, suggesting COM treatment was harmless. While COM exhibited no significant differences in Tg rat MWM escape latency, navigation to the platform was significantly different on testing days 5 and 6, with p-values of signed initial heading error were 0.014 and 0.034 respectively. This indicates a difference in learning and spatial working memory. A proteomic assay on Tg rat hippocampus identified 51 significantly differentially expressed proteins with 34 associated with neurological disorders, while transcriptome remained indifferent. In this study, for the first time we have established a technique to quantify the force applied during COM treatment on an animal model of AD, offering a more objective approach for evaluating the effect of such treatments. Our results indicate that a quantifiable COM can be applied to rodents and to study the resulting behavioral and biochemical phenotypes.
Non-invasive Preimplantation Genetic Testing of Embryonic Genome in Spent Culture Medium
Authors: Huang Lei , Zou Yangyun , Zhang Ruiqi , Huang Jin , Yin Guangjun , Wang Quangui , Xia Yingying , Jia Jialin , Wu Zeyu , Cao Dandan , Song Weiliang , Tang Yaqiong , Liu Kai , Chai Xiaoran , Chen Guo-Bo , Lu Sijia , Ge Hao , Qiao Jie , Xie Xiaoliang S. 
Published: November 2024

ABSTRACTTraditionally, preimplantation genetic testing (PGT) for in vitro fertilization (IVF) requires invasive trophectoderm (TE) biopsy, which might be detrimental to the embryo. Recently proposed non-invasive PGT (ni-PGT) utilizing cell-free DNA from spent embryo culture medium (SCM) also faces serious challenges in accuracy, especially for monogenic diseases (niPGT-M), due to trace DNA content, maternal cell contamination, and high Allele Drop-Out (ADO) rates. In this study, an improved linear single-cell whole genome amplification method and a Bayesian linkage analysis model were used to enhance accuracy in niPGT-M. We achieved about 75% report rate across all samples and 100% accuracy in the reported samples. Meanwhile, we reconstructed the embryonic genome and calculated the risk of type II diabetes (T2D) via niPGT-P, consistent well with those from TE biopsy samples. Our approach alleviated the limitations of ni-PGT and offers a promising avenue for advancing noninvasive PGT with potential clinical applications.
Safety and Efficacy of Pemivibart, a Long-Acting Monoclonal Antibody, for Prevention of Symptomatic COVID-19: Interim Results From the CANOPY Clinical Trial
Authors: Wolfe Cameron R. , Cohen Jonathan , Mahoney Kathryn , Holmes Anna , Betancourt Natalia , Gupta Deepali , Tosh Kazima , Narayan Kristin , Campanaro Ed , Katz Chloe , Phelan Anne-Marie , Yalcin Ilker , Wingertzahn Mark , Hawn Pamela , Schmidt Pete , Li Yong , Popejoy Myra ,   the CANOPY Study Group
Published: November 2024

ABSTRACTBackgroundPemivibart received emergency-use authorization for prevention of symptomatic COVID-19 in moderate-to-severe immunocompromised individuals based on immunobridging analysis in the phase 3 CANOPY trial. We report an interim analysis of safety and efficacy of pemivibart in individuals with (cohort A) or without (cohort B) significant immunocompromise over a contemporary variant landscape.MethodsEligible participants (aged ≥18 years; SARS-CoV-2-negative) received 2 intravenous 4500-mg pemivibart infusions (cohort A) or received blinded pemivibart or placebo (2:1, cohort B) 90 days apart. Safety was a primary endpoint. Composite incidence of reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR)-confirmed symptomatic COVID-19, COVID-19 hospitalization, or all-cause mortality was evaluated through month 6 (cohort A) and month 12 (cohort B).ResultsIn September-November 2023, 306 participants with immunocompromise received pemivibart in cohort A; 317 received pemivibart and 162 received placebo in cohort B. The most common study drug-related adverse event was infusion-related reactions (cohort A: 11/306 [3.6%]; cohort B: 7/317 [2.2%, pemivibart] and 0/162 [placebo]). Four of 623 (0.6%) participants who received pemivibart experienced anaphylactic reactions (2 non-serious; 2 serious) within 24 hours of dosing. In cohort A, the composite COVID-19 endpoint incidence through month 6 (day 180) was 11/298 (3.7%; 2 deaths [suicide and unknown cause]) in participants who received a first full dose of pemivibart. In cohort B, the composite COVID-19 endpoint incidence through month 6 was 6/317 (1.9%) in participants in the pemivibart group and 19/160 (11.9%) in the placebo group, representing an 84.1% standardized relative risk reduction (RRR) (95% CI, 60.9-93.5; nominalP<.0001) for pemivibart. Through month 12, 15/317 (4.7%; 1 death [cardiac failure]) and 29/160 (18.1%) pemivibart and placebo participants met the composite clinical endpoint, respectively demonstrating a 73.9% standardized RRR (95% CI, 52.8-85.6; nominalP<.0001).ConclusionsPemivibart provided pre-exposure prophylactic efficacy against COVID-19 and was well-tolerated by most participants with or without significant immunocompromise.Anaphylaxis was an important safety risk.Clinical Trials RegistrationNCT06039449Key pointsPre-exposure prophylactic administration of 2 doses of pemivibart approximately 90 days apart was generally well-tolerated and provided protection against symptomatic COVID-19 through 6 months in individuals with immunocompromise and 12 months in individuals without immunocompromise respectively
Effects of maternal exercise modes on infant cord blood proteome
Authors: Jevtovic Filip , Wisseman Breanna , Jahan Fahmida , Claiborne Alex , Collier David N. , DeVente James E. , Mouro Steven , Zeczycki Tonya , Goodyear Laurie J. , May Linda E. 
Published: November 2024

AbstractThe aim of this study was to show the effects of different maternal exercise modes on infant cord blood proteome. We used infant cord blood from two randomized controlled trials where women with a wide range of BMI and free of pregnancy complications participated in controlled and supervised aerobic, resistance, or combination (aerobic+resistance) exercise from <16 weeks of gestation until delivery. Results of this study showed that infant cord blood proteome is altered in a maternal exercise mode specific manner. Additionally, results showed 61 downregulated proteins common to all exercise modes, which correspond to gas transport, cellular stress response, reactive oxygen species metabolism, and other biological processes. Collectively, these data demonstrate the differential effect of maternal exercise modes on infant cord blood proteome.