bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Technology-Supported Teaching: Technological Progress or a Sham?
Authors: Eckhaus Eyal , Davidovitch Nitza 
Published: June 2019

<p style="text-align:justify">This study examined the extent of faculty’s use of various technology-supported features in their teaching practice, involving syllabi, exercises, presentations, required reading materials, supplementary reading materials, examples of exams from previous years, electronic notice board, links to film clips, and other tools that enhance the convenience of technology-supported teaching. The findings of this study indicate that faculty make limited use of technological tools. Differences in use were found by age, tenure, gender, and faculty: Age of faculty has a positive effect on the use of the digital system for required reading and video-taped lessons, while faculty tenure has a negative effect on the use of the digital system for required reading materials. Male faculty use the video-taped lesson system more frequently than their female counterparts. Female faculty use the system more frequently than male faculty for required reading and elective reading materials. Faculty in the Humanities use the system to upload required reading more frequently than faculty in the other two faculties, while lecturers in the Faculty of Engineering use to system to upload examples of exams more frequently than their counterparts in the other two faculties. Faculty noted that they found no technological tool that reflects pedagogical thinking that benefits the students. Faculty use these digital tools as technical rather than pedagogical aids. Based on the recognition that these new technological tools will create a paradigmatic change in teaching, efforts should be invested to developed, disseminate, and assimilate new pedagogies that are compatible with these new educational technologies.</p>
Cuidadores de idosos centenários na região da Beira Interior (Portugal)
Authors: Afonso Rosa Marina , Tomáz Tatiana , Brandão Daniela , Ribeiro Óscar 
Published: June 2019

O número de centenários regista um aumento sem precedentes nos países desenvolvidos e os seus cuidadores informais são, habitualmente, familiares também com idade avançada. Este estudo pretende explorar a relação entre o bem-estar de cuidadores (qualidade de vida relacionada com a saúde, sobrecarga e satisfação) e as características de centenários enquanto recetores de cuidados. Participaram no estudo 50 díades de cuidados: 12 homens e 38 mulheres cuidadores com uma média de idade de 68.75 anos (DP=8.64) e 50 centenários com idades entre os 100 e os 106 anos (M=101.08; DP=1.43). Foi utilizado o protocolo de recolha de dados do projeto PT100 – Estudo dos Centenários do Porto. A maioria dos cuidadores são filhos (64%) que dedicam, em média, 15 horas diárias à prestação de cuidados. As mulheres cuidadoras apresentam níveis mais elevados de sobrecarga e uma autoapreciação mais positiva da sua saúde do que os homens cuidadores. Os cuidadores que têm a seu cargo centenários mais dependentes são os que apresentam maior sobrecarga subjetiva. Estes resultados alertam para a necessidade de respostas ao nível da saúde e da comunidade adaptadas às especificidades destes cuidadores que, na sua maioria, se confrontam também com o seu próprio processo de envelhecimento.
A Lei Pelé, o fim do passe e a modernização conservadora do futebol-negócio no Brasil: uma análise das percepções dos jogadores
Authors: Freire Rodrigues Francisco Xavier 
Published: June 2019

Este artigo analisa a concepção dos jogadores sobre os impactos da Lei Pelé no mercado futebolístico nacional. Investiga o processo de modernização conservadora do futebol-negócio no Brasil. A percepção predominante dos atletas é de que a Lei Pelé modernizou somente alguns elementos do futebol brasileiro. O fim do passe representou a passagem de um modelo tradicional de relações de trabalho para um modelo moderno e flexível, pois decretou a liberdade de trabalho para os jogadores e flexibilizou os contratos e relações de trabalho. A maioria dos jogadores considera que as principais intenções da Lei Pelé eram modernizar as relações entre clubes e jogadores. Os setores mais beneficiados pelo fim do passe, segundo a avaliação dos entrevistados, foram os jogadores, os empresários, o futebol como um todo e os clubes de futebol. O fim do passe tem influenciado no rejuvenescimento da força de trabalho no futebol brasileiro. Palavras-chave: Lei Pelé; Modernização Conservadora; Futebol-Negócio; Fim do Passe.
Entrevista com Iara Beleli
Authors: Beleli Iara 
Published: June 2019

Iara Aparecida Beleli é pesquisadora e coordenadora do núcleo de estudos de gênero - PAGU/Unicamp, onde desenvolve suas pesquisas na área de mídias, relacionamentos amorosos, gênero e sexualidade em intersecção com outras diferenças, como raça/etnia e nacionalidade. Já no seu mestrado, em 1999, analisou as novas dinâmicas de gênero em relacionamentos amorosos, em sua dissertação Gênero e Amor. Experiências, Encontros e Desencontros (1970-1990). No doutorado, em 2005, defendeu a tese Marcas da Diferença na Propaganda Brasileira, analisando as representações de gênero no discurso publicitário, também em uma perspectiva interseccional. Realizou pós doutorado no Brasil (2008) e na Universitat Rovira i Virgilli (2012).Suas pesquisas mais recentes abordaram representações sobre brasilidade na mídia portuguesa, a visibilidade de gays e lésbicas na mídia brasileira, novas configurações relacionais por meio de um sítio de relacionamentos na internet, além de reflexões que abrangem os estudos feministas e de gênero. Considerando sua formação e contribuição diferencial no que tange aos temas que buscamos abordar no dossiê e sua passagem por campos de reflexões de gênero e feminismos em âmbitos nacional e internacional abordamos sua trajetória, na seguinte entrevista, a fim de refletir sobre aspectos fundamentais que envolvem as mídias e as diferenças e suas interfaces com os estudos feministas.
Pensando o campo cinematográfico brasileiro a partir das contribuições de Pierre Bourdieu
Authors: Normanha Ribeiro de Almeida Ricardo 
Published: June 2019

Este artigo tem como objetivo observar e compreender a estruturação do campo cinematográfico brasileiro a partir das contribuições teóricas de Pierre Bourdieu. Os conceitos de campo e habitus são elementos chaves para esta compreensão na medida em que revelam a teoria da prática desenvolvida pelo sociólogo francês, na qual observam-se as relações que se estabelecem entre os agentes do campo e as práticas sociais incorporadas. A teoria da prática busca estabelecer a mediação necessária entre as teorias sociológicas centradas nas estruturas sociais e as teorias que focalizam a ação humana. Desta forma, este artigo busca inicialmente discutir os conceitos chaves de campo e habitus para, em seguida, se debruçar sobre a análise do campo cinematográfico brasileiro por meio da compreensão de seus mecanismos de estruturação e conquista de autonomia, suas regras de funcionamento, suas disputas internas, bem com de sua relação com os demais campos do audiovisual e das artes. Palavras-chave: Teoria do campos; Campo cinematográfico; Habitus.
The Evolutionary Dynamics of a Genetic Barrier to Gene Flow: From the Establishment to the Emergence of a Peak of Divergence
Authors: Sakamoto Takahiro , Innan Hideki 
Published: June 2019

Abstract
Divergent selection works when an allele establishes in the subpopulations in which it is adaptive, but not in the ones in which it is deleterious. While such a locally adaptive allele is maintained, the target locus of selection works as a genetic barrier to gene flow or a barrier locus. The genetic divergence (or FST) around the barrier locus can be maintained, while in other regions of the genome, genetic variation can be mixed by gene flow or migration. In this work, we consider theoretically the evolutionary process of a barrier locus, from its birth to stable preservation. Under a simple two-population model, we use a diffusion approach to obtain analytical expressions for the probability of initial establishment of a locally adaptive allele, the reduction of genetic variation due to the spread of the adaptive allele, and the process to the development of a sharp peak of divergence (genomic island of divergence). Our results will be useful to understanding how genomes evolve through local adaptation and divergent selection.
Si nanowire-gold nanoparticles heterostructures for surface enhanced Raman spectroscopy
Authors: Li Yuan , Dykes John C. , Chopra Nitin 
Published: June 2019

ABSTRACTHere, we present a method for the fabrication of silicon (Si) nanowires and Si nanowire-gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) heterostructures for surface-enhanced Raman scattering (SERS) effect. Branched Si nanowires were grown in atmospheric pressure chemical vapor deposition (CVD) process. Further decoration of these nanowires was achieved by a galvanic deposition of gold followed by annealing procedure. This resulted in Si nanowires-AuNPs heterostructures with controlled size and inter-particle spacing. Furthermore, the fabricated heterostructures were studied for Raman signal enhancement of the low concentration (∼10-6 M) dye (Rhodamine 6G, R6G). It was observed that heterostructuring of SiNWs with AuNPs led to improvement of R6G signals as compared to AuNPs dispersed on flat Si substrate.
Amorphous Silicon Laser Quenched from the Melt - Preparation & Characterization
Authors: Cullis A.G. , Webber H.C. , Chew N.G. 
Published: June 2019

ABSTRACTShort (2.5nsec) pulses of ultra-violet radiation from a Q-switched laser system have been used to induce a range of defect transitions in the surface regions of (001) and (111) Si single crystal by transient melting and resolidification. Relatively large areas of Si have been uniformly processed and this has enabled the measurement of thresholds for both amorphization and extended defect production. The highest quench rates (isotherm velocities of ∼20m/sec) were achieved at the surface melting threshold near 0.2J/cm2 and both (001) and (111) Si could be amorphized with radiation energy densities close to this value. With increasing energy density the quench rate fell and (001) Si ceased to amorphize before (111) Si. Furthermore, over a range of high radiation fluxes the crystalline Si produced on (111) surfaces was highly defective and contained twins due to errors in liquid-phase epitaxy. The various observed structure transitions have been related to the predictions of crystal growth theory with account taken of melt undercooling effects. The amorphous Si produced during this work (up to almost 1000Å thickness) has been shown to be structurally similar to that produced by conventional methods. Both direct analysis and solid-phase regrowth experiments have demonstrated that its impurity content is negligible.
Dynamic Behavior of Nano Second Pulsed Nd:Glass Laser Annealing in Ion Implanted Silicon
Authors: Takai M. , Sato Y. , Murakami K. , Gamo K. , Minamisono T. , Namba S. 
Published: June 2019

ABSTRACTTime resolved transmission (λ = 1060 nm) and reflectivity (λ = 632.8 nm) during 20 nsec Nd:glass laser annealing in ion implanted Si were measured to study dynamic behaviors of laser annealing. Transmitted laser energy was also measured to complement transient measurements. Transient transmitted light intensity was found to be almost completely quenched as would be expected from absorption by a molten Si layer.
Ultrasound Studies of Clathrate Thermoelectrics
Authors: Keppens Veerle , Sales Brian. C. , Mandrus David , Chakoumakos Bryan C. , Laermans Christiane 
Published: June 2019

ABSTRACTResonant Ultrasound Spectroscopy and low-temperature ultrasonic attenuation measurements are reported for filled and unfilled skutterudites and for Ge-clathrates. These data reveal that an unusual elastic behavior complements the thermal properties of the filled skutterudites and indicate the presence of low-energy vibrational modes. The attenuation at low-temperatures in the single-crystalline Ge-clathrate is glasslike and can be described by the same phenomenological Tunneling Model that has been developed to describe the low-temperature properties of amorphous solids.
Experimental Investigation of Thin Film InGaAsP Coolers
Authors: LaBounty Christopher J. , Shakouri Ali , Robinson Gerry , Esparza Luis , Abraham Patrick , Bowers John E. 
Published: June 2019

ABSTRACTMost optoelectronic devices for long haul optical communications are based on the InP/InGaAsP family of materials. Thin film coolers based on the same material system can be monolithically integrated with optoelectronic devices such as lasers, switches, and photodetectors to control precisely the device characteristics such as wavelength and optical power. Superlattice structures of InGaAs/InP and InGaAs/InGaAsP are used to optimize the thermionic emission resulting in a cooling behavior beyond what is possible with only the Peltier effect. A careful experimental study of these coolers is undertaken. Mesa sizes, superlattice thickness, and ambient temperature are all varied to determine their effect on cooling performance. A three-dimensional, self-consistent thermal-electric simulation and an effective one-dimensional model are used to understand the experimental observations and to predict what will occur for other untested parameters. The packaging of the coolers is also determined to have consequences in the overall device performance. Cooling on the order of 1 to 2.3 degrees over 1-micron thick barriers is reported.
Connections between Crystallographic Data and New Thermoelectric Compounds
Authors: Sales B. C. , Chakoumakos B. C. , Mandrus D. 
Published: June 2019

ABSTRACTNew bulk thermoelectric compounds are normally discovered with the aid of simple qualitative structure-property relationships. Most good thermoelectric materials are narrow gap semiconductors composed of heavy elements with similar electronegativities. The crystal structures are usually of high symmetry (cubic, hexagonal, and possibly tetragonal), and often contain a large number of atoms per unit cell. In the present work a new structure-property relationship is discussed which links atomic displacement parameters (ADPs) and the lattice thermal conductivity of clathrate-like compounds. For many clathrate-like compounds, in which one of the atom-types is weakly bound and “rattles” within its atomic cage, room temperature ADP information can be used to estimate the room temperature lattice thermal conductivity, the vibration frequency of the “rattler”, and the temperature dependence of the heat capacity. ADPs are reported as part of the crystal structure description, and hence APDs represent some of the first information that is known about a new compound. For most ternary and quaternary compounds, all that is known is its crystal structure. ADP information thus provides a useful screening tool for the large and growing crystallographic databases. Examples of the use and limitations of this analysis are presented for several promising classes of thermoelectric materials.
High-Z Lanthanum-Cerium Hexaborate Thin Films for Low-Temperature Applications
Authors: Kuzanyan Armen , Badalyan George , Harutyunyan Sergey , Gyulamiryan Ashot , Vartanyan Violetta , Petrosyan Silvia , Giordano Nicholas , Jacobs Todd , Wood Kent , Fritz Gilbert , Qadri Syed B. , Horwitz James , Wu Huey-Dau , Vechten Deborah Van , Gulian Armen 
Published: June 2019

ABSTRACTWe have deposited and investigated thin films of lanthanum hexaborate with 1% of the lanthanum replaced by cerium. In bulk single-crystalline form, this material has, due to the Kondo-mechanism, the highest known Seebeck coefficient at sub-K temperatures. Thus it is a good candidate for several thermoelectric applications at very low temperatures. We are studying the kinetic properties of thin films such as the conductivity and Seebeck coefficient as a function of temperature and the dependence of these properties on film thickness, substrate material and deposition conditions. The consequent theoretical performance limits on the device applications of these films are considered with a focus on detectors and refrigerators.
Thermal Conductivity Of Bi/Sb Superlattice
Authors: Song D. W. , Chen G. , Cho S. , Kim Y. , Ketterson J. B. 
Published: June 2019

ABSTRACTThe temperature-dependent cross-plane thermal conductivity of a 1-μm thick 50Å Bi / 50Å Sb superlattice on a (111) CdTe substrate was measured, using a differential 3-ω method. This method uses the temperature difference between the superlattice sample and a reference sample to calculate its cross-plane thermal conductivity. However, the substrate thermal conductivity is comparable to or smaller than the superlattice thermal conductivity near room temperature. This results in a very small or negative temperature difference, making the existing data reduction method inapplicable. Based on an improved model, the temperature-dependent thermal conductivity of the Bi/Sb superlattice is obtained and is about half of the literature value of Bi0.5Sb0.5 bulk alloy.
Avalanche Dynamics: Influence of the Granular Packing Size
Authors: Aguirre M. A. , Calvo A. , Ippolito I. 
Published: June 2019

ABSTRACTWe present an experimental study about the stability and dynamics of a granular packing and the influence of the packing size on the avalanche mass and on its characteristic angles: maximum angle of stability and angle of repose.For a system with a large enough number of granular layers only Nc superficial layers contribute to the avalanche mass. It can be observed that Nc strongly depends on the packing size. Experiments are done on monosize glass beads with packings of different sizes.
Signal Propagation in Nonlinear Granular Chain
Authors: Hong Jongbae 
Published: June 2019

ABSTRACTThe vertical granular chain changes the elastic property of the medium due to gravity. Therefore, the solitary propagating mode in the horizontal chain disperses and damps in the vertical chain. We show that there are two different types of propagating modes, i.e., quasi-solitary and oscillatory, depending on the strength of impulse and the dispersion and damping of the signal follow power-laws. The power-law behavior in the linear oscillatory regime is explained analytically. The nonlinear solitary regime in which soliton damps and disperses due to gravity is discussed briefly.
Backscattering of Nonlinear Acoustic Impulses from Buried Inclusions in Granular Beds
Authors: Manciu Marian , Sen Surajit , Hurd Alan J. 
Published: June 2019

ABSTRACTNonlinear acoustic impulses travel as weakly dispersive bundles of energy through 3-D, dry, granular assemblies. Such impulses can therefore be exploited to probe for buried objects in 3-D granular assemblies. In this article, we shall discuss the details of propagation of an impulse generated at the surface of a granular bed. The role of polydispersity will be briefly addressed. The calculations suggest that backscattered data, as received at predetermined locations at the surface, may be helpful in reconstructing an approximate image of the buried inclusion, as viewed from above.
Linear and Nonlinear Ultrasonic Properties of Granular Soils
Authors: Bonner Brian P. , Berge Patricia A. , Aracne-Ruddle Chantel M. , Bertete-Aguirre Hugo , Wildenschild Dorthe , Trombino Cosette N. , Hardy Edgar D. 
Published: June 2019

ABSTRACTThe ultrasonic pulse transmission method (100-500 kHz) was adapted to measure compressional (P) and shear (S) wave velocities for synthetic soils fabricated from quartz-clay and quartz-peat mixtures. Velocities were determined as samples were loaded by small (up to 0.1 MPa) uniaxial stress to determine how stress at grain contacts affects wave amplitudes, velocities, and frequency content. Samples were fabricated from quartz sand mixed with either a swelling clay or peat (natural cellulose). P velocities in these dry synthetic soil samples were low, ranging from about 230 to 430 m/s for pure sand, about 91 to 420 m/s for sand-peat mixtures, and about 230 to 470 m/s for dry sand-clay mixtures. S velocities were about half of the P velocity in most cases, about 130 to 250 m/s for pure sand, about 75-220 m/s for sand-peat mixtures, and about 88-220 m/s for dry sand-clay mixtures. These experiments demonstrate that P and S velocities are sensitive to the amount and type of admixed second phase at low concentrations. We found that dramatic increases in all velocities occur with small uniaxial loads, indicating strong nonlinearity of the acoustic properties. Composition and grain packing contribute to the mechanical response at grain contacts and the nonlinear response at low stresses.
Unsteady Heat Conduction in Granular Materials
Authors: Vargas Watson L. , McCarthy Joseph J. 
Published: June 2019

ABSTRACTHeat transfer in granular materials impacts a variety of industrial applications, such as calcination, drying kilns, packed bed and multiphase reactors, etc. and may yield insight into the thermal response of some porous materials (in combustion synthesis or sintering, for example). In a dense bed of granular material, conduction occurs almost exclusively through the particle-particle contacts over a wide range of conditions. We have developed a novel Thermal Particle Dynamics (TPD) Simulation technique which incorporates both contact mechanics and contact conductance theories in order to model the dynamics of flow and heat conduction through granular materials. This model is uniquely suited to studying the effects of microstructure and flow on the dynamics of heat conduction in particulate materials. In this paper, we present experimental as well as numerical results of transient heat conduction through a bed of cylinders.
Liquid Filled Hourglasses: A Study of Interstitial Fluid Effects on the Kinetic Behavior of Granular Materials
Authors: Muite Benson K. , Hunt Melany L. 
Published: June 2019

ABSTRACTExperimental measurements of discharge rate and observations of flow pattern were made for spherical, monosized particles in a liquid- filled, hourglass shaped container. Different combinations of fluid properties, solid properties and vessel geometry exhibited a range of flow patterns that are described as lubricated, fluidized, oscillatory, or localized channeling discharges. A Bagnold number is used to present the discharge rate and flow regime results.
Size Segregation in Granular Beds Subject to Discrete and Continuous Vertical Oscillations
Authors: Fernando Dimuth N. , Wassgren Carl R. 
Published: June 2019

ABSTRACTSize segregation of particulates is of concern in a number of industries that handle materials such as chemicals, pharmaceuticals, fertilizers, and food products. Of particular interest in this paper is segregation resulting from externally applied vibration. In industrial applications this vibration may either be applied intentionally in devices such as vibrating conveyors or “live wall” hoppers, or unintentionally during material handling and transport. This paper investigates size segregation in granular beds subject to discrete “taps” and continuous, sinusoidal vertical vibration. The results from discrete element computer simulations indicate that the rise rate of a single impurity increases monotonically with amplitude for discrete vibrations but for continuous vibrations the rise rate increases, reaches a maximum value, then decreases as the oscillation amplitude increases.