bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Six Simple Steps to Share Your Data When Publishing Research Articles
Authors: Soranno Patricia A. 
Published: April 2019

AbstractIn this article, I provide six simple steps for authors to make their data available and meet the most common data publishing requirements for both open‐access and non‐open–access journals. These steps are simple and can easily be integrated into authors' workflows when conducting research and writing research articles. The steps include: deciding authorship of the dataset vs. authorship of the research article; exporting the data needed for all article analyses into archivable (preferably plain text) files using simple table formats; writing the metadata; depositing the data and metadata in a data repository; writing a data availability statement in the article; and citing the dataset in the methods and literature cited sections. Authors who implement these guidelines will reap many benefits for their science while also following best practices for open, robust, and reproducible science.
Small faces in stationary Poisson hyperplane tessellations
Authors: Schneider Rolf 
Published: April 2019

AbstractWe consider the tessellation induced by a stationary Poisson hyperplane process in d‐dimensional Euclidean space. Under a suitable assumption on the directional distribution, and measuring the k‐faces of the tessellation by a suitable size functional, we determine a limit distribution for the shape of the typical k‐face, under the condition of given size and this tending to zero. The limit distribution is concentrated on simplices. This extends a result of Gilles Bonnet.
Mild cognitive impairment in de novo Parkinson's disease: A neuromelanin MRI study in locus coeruleus
Authors: Li Yuanfang , Wang Changpeng , Wang Jian , Zhou Ying , Ye Fang , Zhang Yong , Cheng Xiaoqin , Huang Zhen , Liu Kai , Fei Guoqiang , Zhong Chunjiu , Zeng Mengsu , Jin Lirong 
Published: April 2019

AbstractBackgroundWe aimed to investigate neuromelanin‐sensitive magnetic resonance imaging (NM‐MRI) features in the locus coeruleus of de novo Parkinson's disease patients with different cognitive states and to determine whether these features are associated with cognitive impairment.MethodsThree groups of subjects were recruited in this study, including patients with de novo PD with mild cognitive impairment (n = 23), patients with de novo PD without cognitive impairment (n = 48), and control subjects (n = 32). All subjects underwent clinical evaluations, as well as MRI scanning. The contrast‐to‐noise ratio of the locus coeruleus in the neuromelanin‐sensitive MRI images and cortical thickness were measured.ResultsThe contrast‐to‐noise ratio of the locus coeruleus in PD patients with mild cognitive impairment was significantly lower than that of controls (P = 0.016). The contrast‐to‐noise ratio of the locus coeruleus for PD patients without cognitive impairment was intermediate between that of controls and PD patients with mild cognitive impairment. Furthermore, multiple linear regression analysis showed that the contrast‐to‐noise ratio of the locus coeruleus was negatively associated with performance on the Trail Making Test B in all PD patients, controlling for age, sex, years of education, the Unified Parkinson's Disease Rating Scale motor scores from right upper limb, Geriatric Depression Rating Scales scores, Rapid Eye Movement Sleep Behavior Disorder Screening Questionnaire scores, and cortical thickness.ConclusionsDysfunction of the locus coeruleus neurons may partly contribute to the decline in executive function in early de novo PD. In the future, the locus coeruleus‐norepinephrine system might be targeted for early‐intervention strategies in PD patients. © 2019 International Parkinson and Movement Disorder Society
Digitalisierung: Moleküle für 007
Authors: Frölich Maximiliane , Meier Michael A. R. 
Published: April 2019

AbstractWie lassen sich geheime Daten sicher speichern und übersenden? Eine isocyanidbasierte Multikomponentenreaktion liefert Moleküle dafür. Dabei ist es unumgänglich, nicht nur zu schütteln, sondern auch zu rühren.
Wissenschaft und Kunst: Das Unsichtbare sehen
Authors: Bulmahn Maren 
Published: April 2019

AbstractMit Kunstobjekten aus Pilzen erweitert eine Berliner Biotechnologie‐Professorin den Blick auf die oft unbeliebten Sporenträger. Sie verbindet Kunst und Forschung, um das Potenzial filamentöser Pilze bekannter zu machen.
Winter School für Katalyseforscher in Heidelberg
Authors: Menche Maximilian , Tindall Daniel J. 
Published: April 2019

AbstractIm Februar richtete das Catalysis Research Laboratory (CaRLa) seine zwölfte Winterschule aus. Eine Woche lang ermöglichte die von der BASF gesponserte Veranstaltung im Deutsch‐Amerikanischen Institut in Heidelberg den internationalen Austausch von Katalyseforschern. Die Konferenz organisierten die wissenschaftlichen Leiter des Laboratoriums, Thomas Schaub (BASF) und A. Stephen K. Hashmi (Universität Heidelberg). Das Catalysis Research Laboratory existiert seit 2006. Gegründet von der Universität Heidelberg und BASF, soll es industriell relevante Forschung zur homogenen Katalyse vorantreiben.
Supply chain coordination with product line design and a revenue sharing scheme
Authors: Hsiao Lu , Chen Ying‐Ju , Xiong Hui 
Published: April 2019

AbstractMany manufacturers sell their products through retailers and share the revenue with those retailers. Given this phenomenon, we build a stylized model to investigate the role of revenue sharing schemes in supply chain coordination and product variety decisions. In our model, a monopolistic manufacturer serves two segments of consumers, which are distinguished by their willingness to pay for quality. In the scenario with exogenous revenue sharing ratios, when the potential gain from serving the low segment is substantial (e.g., the low‐segment consumers' willingness to pay is high enough or the low segment takes a large enough proportion of the market), the retailer is better off abandoning the revenue sharing scheme. Moreover, when the potential gain from serving the low (high) segment is substantial enough, the manufacturer finds it profitable to offer a single product. Furthermore, when revenue sharing ratios are endogenous, we divide our analysis into two cases, depending on the methods of cooperation. When revenue sharing ratios are negotiated at the very beginning, the decentralized supply chain causes further distortion. This suggests that the central premise of revenue sharing—the coordination of supply chains—may be undermined if supply chain parties meticulously bargain over it.
Tarsometatarsus, eggshells, and the species level identification of large‐sized flightless birds from Boyo Paso 2 (Sierras of Córdoba, Argentina)
Authors: Medina Matías E. , Picasso Mariana B.J. , Campos Mailín R. , Avila Nancy C. 
Published: April 2019

AbstractThe article presents the taxonomic study carried out on the Rheidae (Palaeognathae: Ratitae) faunal remains recovered in the open‐air archaeological site Boyo Paso 2 dated at approximately 1500–750 years BP (Sierras of Córdoba, Argentina). The study is focused on an adult proximal tarsometatarsus, a juvenile distal tarsometatarsus and 453 eggshell remains. The specimens were identified to its most specific level exploring and describing the diagnostic keys to species/genera level identification in modern reference collections. Two Rheidae species were identified: Rhea cf. R. americana and Rhea cf. R. pennata. However, most specimens were assigned to Rhea sp., including the tarsometatarsus remains. Taxonomic assignments indicate that even with the adoption of plant cultivation approximately 1.500 years BP, a broad spectrum foraging base played a key role for late prehispanic daily subsistence, increasing now the number of identified species added to the subsistence as the one not previously considered R. pennata. Its identification also suggests that the late prehispanic environment presented a higher biodiversity than at present, being the modern landscape a nonaccurate analogue of past conditions. It is concluded that achieving taxonomic identification to the most specific possible level becomes the fundamental pillars to assess the taxonomic diversity of human past subsistence as well as characterize the paleoenvironment, which mixed cultivation and foraging people interacted.
Turkish foreign policies determinants toward Palestinian issue under the rule of Justice and Development Party (2002–2015)
Authors: Al‐Qubaj Sameh , Ismael Mahmoud , Mahmoud Dalal 
Published: April 2019

The study aimed at identifying the determinants, premises and the milestones of the Turkish Foreign Policy under the rule of the Adalet ve Kalkınma Partisi (AKP) toward the Palestinian issue. The study sought to unveil the basics and foundations of this new Turkish foreign policy, which the AKP depends on. The researcher investigated historically the Turkish foreign policy toward the Palestinian issue in the last era. It has established a kind of relative compatibility with the neighborhood and the world on many foreign policy issues, which all are characteristics that granted Turkey the possibility of establishing and implementing active and influential policies.The Palestinian issue with all its intricate and barbed nature is the best entrance of AKP Turkey to take a regional and international place. The Palestinian issue is considered the entrance of AKP Turkey to the “Islamic World.” At the end of the study, the researcher recommended that the Palestinian politicians benefit from the Turkish foreign policy under the rule of the AKP. It is through this policy that Turkey occupies a distinctive regional role through mediating between the disputing parties and exploits this role and its acceptance by the international community in supporting the Palestinian issue.
A theoretical insight into several common anion recognitions based on double‐dentate hydrogen bond and anion‐π coexistence
Authors: Liu Yan‐Zhi , Lv Ling‐Ling , Li Hui‐Xue , Li Zhi‐Feng , Yuan Kun 
Published: April 2019

AbstractAnion recognitions of a pincer‐like receptor (N,N'‐bis‐(2‐fluoro‐benzoyl‐oxyethyl)‐urea, AR) for several common inorganic anions (F−, Cl−, Br−, I−, CN−, and SO42−) were theoretically explored and predicted at a molecular level in this paper. Geometric configurations of the complex (AR@X (X = F−, Cl−, Br−, and SO42−)) show that two N─H groups as a claw and two ─C6H4F rings on AR as a pair of tweezers simultaneously interact with the captured anions through cooperative double‐dentate hydrogen bond and double‐side anion‐π interactions. However, there is no anion‐π contact between AR and I− ion in AR@I− complex. In the system of AR@CN−, a stable single‐side CN−‐π is possible. The structure of stable 2:1 complex formed with two AR receptors and one SO42− is also predicted. The binding energies and thermodynamic information indicate that the recognitions of the above six anions by AR in the vacuum are spontaneously enthalpy‐driven and entropy‐opposed. The binding energy ΔEcp between SO42− and AR is higher than 340 kJ mol−1, suggesting that AR is an ideal selective anion receptor for SO42−. Additionally, energy decomposition analysis based on localized molecular orbital energy decomposition analysis (LMO‐EDA) was performed. Electronic properties and behaviors of the present systems were further discussed according to calculations on frontier molecular orbital, UV‐vis spectra, and visualized weak interaction regions.
List colorings of multipartite hypergraphs
Authors: Méroueh Arès , Thomason Andrew 
Published: April 2019

Let χl(G) denote the list chromatic number of the r‐uniform hypergraph G. Extending a result of Alon for graphs, Saxton and the second author used the method of containers to prove that, if G is simple and d‐regular, then . To see how close this inequality is to best possible, we examine χl(G) when G is a random r‐partite hypergraph with n vertices in each class. The value when r = 2 was determined by Alon and Krivelevich; here we show that almost surely, where d is the expected average degree of G and . The function g(r,α) is defined in terms of “preference orders” and can be determined fairly explicitly. This is enough to show that the container method gives an optimal lower bound on χl(G) for r = 2 and r = 3, but, perhaps surprisingly, apparently not for r ≥ 4.
Chemical Modification of Asphaltene with SEBS as Precursor for Isotropic Pitch‐Based Carbon Fiber
Authors: Ni Guosong , Jiang Wei , Shen Wenzhong 
Published: April 2019

AbstractA high yield spinnable pitch for isotropic pitch‐based carbon fiber was successfully prepared by air oxidation polycondensation of asphaltene with styrene‐ethylene‐butylene‐styrene. The effects of reaction temperature and time, added styrene‐ethylene‐butylene‐styrene amount on the composition and spinning properties of resultant pitches were investigated. The resultant pitch with a concentrated molecular weight distribution of 300–700 Da was prepared at 340 °C for 3 h under air blowing with 5% styrene‐ethylene‐butylene‐styrene, moreover, its more alkyl structure (mainly methylene), lower apparent viscosity above the softening point, and good spinnability endowed the resultant pitches more prone to oxygen cross‐linking during the stabilization process. The average tensile strength of resultant pitch‐based carbon fibers was over 800 MPa after carbonization at 1000 °C for 10 min. It provided a simple method to adjust the spinnable pitch for pitch‐based carbon fiber preparation.
Flute‐like Fe2O3 Nanorods with Modulating Porosity for High Performance Anode Materials in Lithium Ion Batteries
Authors: Liu Huanqing , Zou Jiajia , Ding Yanhua , Xin Tuo , Liu Bing , Wang Yiqian 
Published: April 2019

AbstractFlute‐like Fe2O3 nanorods with tunable porosity are obtained by facile hydrothermal process and subsequent calcination. The morphology, porosity and structural stability of Fe2O3 nanorods are effectively controlled by a two‐step strategy at nano/micrometer scale. The introduction of F ions promotes the formation of nanorod‐like iron hydroxide precursors, which are annealed at 400, 500 and 600 °C to obtain Fe2O3. The pore size increases with the annealing temperature. When tested as anode material of lithium ion batteries (LIBs), the porous Fe2O3 nanorods obtained by annealing at 500 °C exhibit better cycling stability and rate capability than those obtained at 400 and 600 °C. Most impressively, it delivers a capacity of 707.4 and 687.7 mAh g−1 at 1 and 2 A g−1 after 200 cycles, respectively. Compared to the other two samples, the Fe2O3 nanorods with optimized pore distribution exhibit robust porous framework, which contributes to the structural and electrochemical stability of electrode. The porous framework can effectively alleviate the severe volume expansion/contraction and avoid pulverization of active materials, resulting in outstanding reversibility and rate capability. This work will benefit the design of novel materials for LIBs.
New architecture and SCADA for stand‐alone hybrid (medium‐sized asynchronous wind turbine + UPS with battery + photovoltaic array) power system without diesel generator
Authors: Choe Ki Yong , Kim Ho , Li Jong U , Hyon Chung Il , Kang Il Yong 
Published: April 2019

AbstractIn general, the commercialized medium‐sized asynchronous wind turbines are fully automated facilities designed to operate in parallel connection to the grid; in case of isolated operation, they need to be combined with diesel generator. This paper aims at studying the method of producing electricity of maximal quality with the wind, by constructing a new stand‐alone hybrid (medium‐sized asynchronous wind turbines, UPS with battery, and photovoltaic array) power system without diesel generator. This paper proposes a new architecture of stand‐alone hybrid power system that consists of medium‐sized asynchronous wind turbine, UPS, current limiter (reactor), photovoltaic array, and consumer and dump loads; accordingly, a supervisory control and data acquisition (SCADA) for this system is suggested along with the operation strategies depending on the output power of the UPS and wind turbine, consumer load, and the battery voltage of UPS. The case study was confirmed through the simulation results of the operation of a new stand‐alone hybrid (two 110 kW of asynchronous wind turbines, 250 kVA of UPS with battery, reactor, 36 kW of photovoltaic array, and consumer and dump loads) power system. The results of the simulation showed that the system frequency change of the new stand‐alone hybrid power system was 60 ± 0.5 Hz, and the one of the wind + diesel stand‐alone hybrid system was 60 ± 1 Hz, for the sudden change of consumer load and gust. This new system can be eligible as a standardizing option for the architecture of nondiesel stand‐alone hybrid system and its SCADA system.
In this issue of Weather
Authors: Galvin Jim 
Published: April 2019

We begin this month's issue with the first in a series of papers re‐examining one aspect associated with the sinking of the Titanic. In ‘Titanic's mirage, part 1: The enigma of the Arctic High and a cold‐water tongue of the Labrador Current’ on p. 119, Mila Zinkova presents an excellent review of the meteorology of visibility over cold waters and the areas where mixing occurs.At the beginning of 2019, radar used operationally for weather forecasting and hydrology passed a significant anniversary in the United Kingdom. On p. 128, the short paper ‘Radar for hydrological forecasting in the UK 50 years on’ describes the development and use of this essential tool. Chris Collier was involved in much of this development and his review reveals the importance of the project and its value.On p. 130, we publish the last of the papers marking the cold weather and snow of February and March 2018, the others the content of the Special Issue of March 2019. Bill Pike and his co‐authors kept records of the snow cover and other weather factors during the event in Berkshire, Suffolk and Kent. These are reproduced in ‘Weather diaries during the easterlies of February and March 2018’.An important question that is often raised in this period of anthropogenic warming is the effect of carbon dioxide on temperature. ‘Climate sensitivity: how much warming results from increases in atmospheric carbon dioxide (CO2)?’, the latest in our Climate‐change shorts series, provides an answer to this rather complex question and one that we all need to understand.Many readers will know that tropical meteorology is frequently associated with thunderstorms, but these storms vary in their frequency by area and time of year, as revealed by Omvir Singh and Pankaj Bhardwaj in ‘Spatial and temporal variations in the frequency of thunderstorm days over India’ on p. 138.The replacement of instruments always presents a challenge – not least, thermometers, the readings from which form the longest climatic series in the world. Almost all instruments have had to be replaced as automation and electronic sensing have come to the fore. A standard form of electronic thermometer and its exposure, together able to reproduce well‐established temperature series, are discussed by Ian Strangeways in ‘The replacement of mercury thermometers in Stevenson screens’ on p. 145.A growing area of research in meteorology and climatology is the association of weather with disease. This is discussed on p. 148 by in ‘The relationship between meteorological factors and the risk of bacillary dysentery in Hunan Province, China’ by Xuewen Li and her co‐authors. As we understand how weather can affect diseases, we can put into place appropriate measures to combat them.Our final paper this month is ‘Brewster's dark patch: a neglected optical phenomenon in the landscape’ – an optical phenomenon little discussed in meteorological literature. G P Können puts this right in his eminent explanation of its formation on p. 154.
Axion global fits with Peccei-Quinn symmetry breaking before inflation using GAMBIT
Authors: Hoof Sebastian , Kahlhoefer Felix , Scott Pat , Weniger Christoph , White Martin 
Published: April 2019

AbstractWe present global fits of cosmologically stable axion-like particle and QCD axion models in the mass range 0.1 neV to 10 eV. We focus on the case where the Peccei-Quinn symmetry is broken before the end of inflation, such that the initial value of the axion field can be considered to be homogeneous throughout the visible Universe. We include detailed likelihood functions from light-shining-through-wall experiments, haloscopes, helioscopes, the axion relic density, horizontal branch stars, supernova 1987A, white dwarf cooling, and gamma-ray observations. We carry out both frequentist and Bayesian analyses, with and without the inclusion of white dwarf cooling. We explore the degree of fine-tuning present in different models and identify parameter regions where it is possible for QCD axion models to account for both the dark matter in the Universe and the cooling hints, comparing them to specific DFSZ- and KSVZ-type models. We find the most credible parameter regions, allowing us to set (prior-dependent) upper and lower bounds on the axion mass. Our analysis also suggests that QCD axions in this scenario most probably make up a non-negligible but sub-dominant component of the dark matter in the Universe.
Geometric shape features extraction using a steady state partial differential equation system
Authors: Yamada Takayuki 
Published: April 2019

Abstract
A unified method for extracting geometric shape features from binary image data using a steady-state partial differential equation (PDE) system as a boundary value problem is presented in this paper. The PDE and functions are formulated to extract the thickness, orientation, and skeleton simultaneously. The main advantage of the proposed method is that the orientation is defined without derivatives and thickness computation is not imposed a topological constraint on the target shape. A one-dimensional analytical solution is provided to validate the proposed method. In addition, two-dimensional numerical examples are presented to confirm the usefulness of the proposed method.
Highlights A steady state partial differential equation for extraction of geometrical shape features is formulated. The functions for geometrical shape features are formulated by the solution of the proposed PDE. Analytical solution is provided in one-dimension. Numerical examples are provided in two-dimension.
HENKIN CONSTRUCTIONS OF MODELS WITH SIZE CONTINUUM
Authors: BALDWIN JOHN T. , LASKOWSKI MICHAEL C. 
Published: April 2019

AbstractWe describe techniques for constructing models of size continuum inωsteps by simultaneously building a perfect set of enmeshed countable Henkin sets. Such models have perfect, asymptotically similar subsets. We survey applications involving Borel models, atomic models, two-cardinal transfers and models respecting various closure relations.
The Tutsi and the Nyamwezi: Cattle, Mobility, and the Transformation of Agro-Pastoralism in Nineteenth-Century Western Tanzania
Authors: Rockel Stephen J. 
Published: April 2019

Abstract:The key role of the Nyamwezi in the nineteenth-century caravan trade of East and Central Africa is well known. The convergence of rapid change in Unyamwezi, a region connecting areas of economic specialization, is more obscure. The development of agro-pastoralism in Unyamwezi was an adaptation and an opportunity forged by (unequal) partnerships between the Nyamwezi commercial elite and Tutsi immigrants. Patron-client relationships reflected prevailing economic and political forces, reversing the pattern of pastoral dominance in the Great Lakes region. Two different agro-ecological, sociological and political regions – the East African woodland savannah and the Great Lakes zone – were interlinked in a trans-regional cattle, salt, and labor economy intertwined with global capitalism. Human mobility stimulated change but so too did movements of livestock, diseases, agricultural regimes, and ecological boundaries.