bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Effect of Parental Involvement by the Headteachers in the Education of their Children on Students Retention in Masinga Sub-County, Kenya
Authors: Mutune Julius , Okoth Ursulla Achieng , Mugambi Mercy 
Published: November 2024

The study focuses on the effect of parents’ involvement by head teachers in the education of their children and students’ retention in secondary school education in Masinga sub – county Kenya. It was guided by the following objective: to determine the extent to which parents’ involvement by the headteachers in the education of their children influences students’ retention in secondary school education. The study adopted a descriptive survey research design. The study was anchored on Epstein theory. The target population was 50 head teachers,50 deputy head teachers and 5022 form 3 and 4 students. Purposive, stratified proportionate sampling and simple random sampling were employed to sample 25 head teachers, 25 deputy head teachers and 370 students. Data collection instruments included questionnaires for headteachers and students, an interview guide for deputy headteachers and a document analysis guide. Validity of the research instruments was ascertained through expert judgement and piloting. Reliability was achieved through test – retest method where the instruments were piloted in a time interval of two weeks and the two results were correlated using Pearson’s product moment correlation method. Further, inferential analysis was employed that involved correlational analysis at a 0.05 level of significance. The hypothesis was accepted or rejected at 0.01 level of significance. The findings showed that there is a positive correction between parents’ involvement in the education of their children and students’ retention (r = 0.811; p = 0.00), hence the hypothesis was rejected and an alternative hypothesis accepted. The study concluded that the head teachers’ efforts to engage parents in the educational matters positively influence students’ retention. The study recommends that head teachers should use more communication strategies in order to involve all the parents in the education of their children.
Physicochemical perturbation increases nitrous oxide production from denitrification in soils and sediments
Authors: Weston Nathaniel B. , Troy Cynthia , Kearns Patrick J. , Bowen Jennifer L. , Porubsky William , Hyacinthe Christelle , Meile Christof , Van Cappellen Philippe , Joye Samantha B. 
Published: November 2024

Abstract. Atmospheric concentrations of nitrous oxide (N2O), a potent greenhouse gas that is also responsible for significant stratospheric ozone depletion, have increased in response to the intensified use of agricultural fertilizers and other human activities that have accelerated nitrogen cycling processes. Microbial denitrification in soils and sediments is a major source of N2O, produced as an intermediate during the reduction of oxidized forms of nitrogen to dinitrogen gas (N2). Substrate availability (nitrate and organic matter) and environmental factors such as oxygen levels, temperature, moisture, and pH influence rates of denitrification and N2O production. Here we describe the role of physicochemical perturbation (defined here as a change from the ambient environmental conditions) in influencing rates of denitrification and N2O production. Changes in salinity, temperature, moisture, pH, and zinc in agricultural soils induced a short-term perturbation response characterized by lower rates of total denitrification and higher rates of net N2O production. The ratio of N2O to total denitrification (N2O : DNF) increased strongly with physicochemical perturbation. A salinity press experiment on tidal freshwater marsh soils revealed that increased N2O production was likely driven by transcriptional inhibition of the nitrous oxide reductase (nos) gene and that the microbial community adapted to altered salinity over a relatively short time frame (within 1 month). Perturbation appeared to confer resilience to subsequent disturbance, and denitrifiers from an environment without salinity fluctuations (tidal freshwater estuarine sediments) demonstrated a stronger N2O perturbation response than denitrifiers from environments with more variable salinity (oligohaline and mesohaline estuarine sediments), suggesting that the denitrifying community from physicochemically stable environments may have a stronger perturbation response. These findings provide a framework for improving our understanding of the dynamic nature of N2O production in soils and sediments, in which changes in physical and/or chemical conditions initiate a short-term perturbation response that promotes N2O production that moderates over time and with subsequent physicochemical perturbation.
Global mapping of oil palm planting year from 1990 to 2021
Authors: Descals Adrià , Gaveau David L. A. , Wich Serge , Szantoi Zoltan , Meijaard Erik 
Published: November 2024

Abstract. Oil palm is a controversial crop, primarily because it is associated with negative environmental impacts such as tropical deforestation. Mapping the crop and its characteristics, such as age, is crucial for informing public and policy discussions regarding these impacts. Oil palm has received substantial mapping efforts, but accurate and up-to-date oil palm maps of both extent and age are essential for monitoring impacts and informing concomitant debate. Here, we present a 10 m resolution global map of industrial and smallholder oil palm, developed using Sentinel-1 data for the years 2016–2021 and a deep learning model based on convolutional neural networks. In addition, we used Landsat-5, Landsat-7, and Landsat-8 to estimate the planting year from 1990 to 2021 at a 30 m spatial resolution. The planting year indicates the year of establishment of the current (as of 2021) oil palm plantation by means of either newly planted or replanted oil palm in an existing oil palm plantation. We validated the oil palm extent layer using 18 812 randomly distributed reference points. The accuracy of the planting-year layer was assessed using field data collected from 5831 industrial parcels and 1012 smallholder plantations distributed throughout the global oil palm growing area. We found oil palm plantations covering a total mapped area of 23.98 Mha, and our area estimates are 16.82 ± 0.19 Mha of industrial oil palm and 7.37 ± 0.25 Mha of smallholder oil palm worldwide. The producer's and user's accuracy are 91.0 ± 2.5 % and 91.8 ± 1.2 % for industrial plantations and 71.4 ± 0.7 % and 72.4 ± 1.8 % for smallholders; these values represent an improvement compared to a previous global oil palm dataset, particularly in terms of omission of oil palm. The overall mean error between the estimated planting year and the field data was −0.24 years, and the root-mean-square error was 2.65 years, but the agreement was lower for smallholders. Mapping the extent and planting year of smallholder plantations remains challenging, particularly for wild and sparsely planted oil palm, and future mapping efforts should focus on these specific types of plantations. The average oil palm plantation age was 14.1 years, and the area of oil palm over 20 years old was 6.28 Mha. Given that oil palm plantations are typically replanted after 25 years, our findings indicate that this area will require replanting within the coming decade, starting from 2021. Our dataset provides valuable input for optimal land use planning to meet the growing global demand for vegetable oils. The global oil palm extent layer for the year 2021 and the planting-year layer from 1990 to 2021 can be found at https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13379129 (Descals, 2024a).
HANZE v2.1: an improved database of flood impacts in Europe from 1870 to 2020
Authors: Paprotny Dominik , Terefenko Paweł , Śledziowski Jakub 
Published: November 2024

Abstract. Assessing long-term trends in flood losses and attributing them to climatic and socioeconomic changes requires comprehensive and systematic collection of historical information. Here, we present flood impact data for Europe that are part of the HANZE (Historical Analysis of Natural HaZards) database. The dataset covers riverine, pluvial, coastal, and compound floods that have occurred in 42 European countries between 1870 and 2020. The data were obtained by extensive data collection from more than 800 sources ranging from news reports through government databases to scientific papers. The dataset includes 2521 events characterized by at least one impact statistic: area inundated, fatalities, persons affected. or economic loss. Economic losses are presented both in the original currencies and price levels and with the inflation and exchange rate adjusted to the 2020 value of the euro. The spatial footprint of affected areas is consistently recorded using more than 1400 subnational units corresponding, with minor exceptions, to the European Union's Nomenclature of Territorial Units for Statistics (NUTS) level 3. Daily start and end dates, information on causes of the events, notes on data quality issues or associated non-flood impacts, and full bibliography of each record supplement the dataset. Apart from the possibility of downloading the data (https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.8410025; Paprotny, 2023a), the database can be viewed, filtered, and visualized online at https://naturalhazards.eu (last access: 4 November 2024). The dataset is designed to be complementary to HANZE-Exposure, a high-resolution model of historical exposure changes (such as population and asset values) and be easily usable in statistical and spatial analyses, including multi-hazard studies.
Development and performance of a high-resolution surface wave and storm surge forecast model: application to a large lake
Authors: Swatridge Laura L. , Mulligan Ryan P. , Boegman Leon , Shan Shiliang 
Published: November 2024

Abstract. A real-time forecast model of surface hydrodynamics in Lake Ontario (Coastlines-LO) was developed to automatically predict storm surges and surface waves. The system uses a dynamically coupled Delft3D–SWAN model with a structured grid to generate 48 h predictions for the lake that are updated every 6 h. The lake surface is forced with meteorological data from the High Resolution Deterministic Prediction System (HRDPS). The forecast model has been running since May 2021, capturing a wide variety of storm conditions. Good agreement between observations and modelled results is achieved, with root mean squared errors (RMSEs) for water levels and waves under 0.02 and 0.26 m, respectively. During storm events, the magnitude and timing of storm surges are accurately predicted at nine monitoring stations (RMSE <0.05 m), with model accuracy either improving or remaining consistent with decreasing forecast length. Forecast significant wave heights agree with observed data (1 %–12 % relative error for peak wave heights) at four wave buoys in the lake. Coastlines-LO forecasts for storm surge prediction for two consecutive storm events were compared to those from the Great Lakes Coastal Forecasting System (GLCFS) to further evaluate model performance. Both systems achieved comparable results with average RMSEs of 0.02 m. Coastlines-LO is an open-source wrapper code driven by open data and has relatively low computational requirements compared to GLCFS, making this approach suitable for forecasting marine conditions in other coastal regions.
Оценка гидрохимического состояния малых рек Белгородской области в пределах сельских территорий
Authors: Киселев Владислав Викторович , Корнилов Андрей Геннадьевич , Киселев Виктор Викторович , Корнилов Андрей Андреевич 
Published: November 2024

В данной статье приведены основные результаты гидрохимического мониторинга (по данным Росгидромета) малых рек Белгородской области в пределах сельских территорий. На основе комплексного комбинированного показателя степени загрязнённости поверхностных вод (УКИЗВ) выявлен умеренный положительный тренд загрязнённости исследуемых рек (рост до 20 %) в пределах рассматриваемого периода. Определены характерные загрязняющие вещества на каждом из водных участков. В результате установлено, что биогенная нагрузка по азоту и фосфатам дифференцируется в зависимости от источника сельскохозяйственного воздействия на малые реки. Участки исследуемых рек, где преобладает неканализованный сельский сток, как правило, подвержены фосфатному (РО43-) и аммонийному (NH4+) загрязнению (рост показателей до 35 %). Малые реки, расположенные в зоне функционирования животноводческих площадок агропромышленного комплекса, имеют тенденцию к пиковым концентрациям загрязнения соединениями нитратов (NO3-) и нитритов (NO2-) в период активного функционирования животноводческого производства. Данная тенденция подтверждает общий тренд формирования гидроэкологической ситуации в Белгородской области на фоне интенсификации сельскохозяйственной отрасли региона.
Особенности восстановления древесной растительности на постагрогенных землях юга Среднерусской возвышенности
Authors: Терехин Эдгар Аркадьевич 
Published: November 2024

В статье рассмотрены типы залежных земель юга Среднерусской возвышенности по участию древесной растительности. Выделены четыре категории залежей по этому признаку: с наличием участков полного покрытия древесной растительностью; с многочисленными отдельно стоящими деревьями; с редкими отдельно стоящими деревьями; с отсутствием древесной растительности. Типы залежей с отдельно стоящими деревьями характеризуются отсутствием статистически значимого тренда в многолетней динамике спектрально-отражательных характеристик, которая изучена на основе вегетационного индекса NDVI. Для залежей с наличием сплошной древесной растительности характерен многолетний тренд вегетационного индекса, но его статистическая значимость находится вблизи порогового значения. Форма участия древесной растительности на оставленных аграрных землях проявляется в их спектрально-отражательных характеристиках видимого, ближнего и коротковолнового инфракрасных диапазонов, измеренных по спутниковым данным Sentinel-2. Но типы залежей с отсутствием сплошной древесной растительности статистически значимо не отличаются друг от друга ни в одном из указанных диапазонов спектра. Статистически значимые отличия по отражательным характеристикам начинают появляться одновременно с формированием сомкнутых насаждений, когда величина проективного покрытия древесной растительностью отдельных залежей достигает 27–30 %. Появление многочисленных отдельно стоящих деревьев при отсутствии их сплошного покрытия не приводит к формированию статистически значимых отличий спектрально-отражательных характеристик, измеренных по данным Sentinel-2, от залежей без древесной растительности.
Благодарности: Исследование выполнено при финансовой поддержке Министерства науки и высшего образования Российской Федерации в рамках Государственного задания № FZWG-2023-0011.
Пространственное распределение тяжелых металлов и мышьяка в почвах вблизи горнопромышленных предприятий
Authors: Полетаев Арсений Олегович , Севрюков Илья Сергеевич 
Published: November 2024

В статье рассмотрены результаты мониторинга содержания в почве тяжелых металлов и мышьяка для железорудного района КМА и особенности загрязнения тяжелыми металлами и мышьяком поверхностного слоя почв агроландшафтов, расположенных вблизи промышленных зон Лебединского и Стойленского ГОКов. Путем анализа растров интерполированных значений загрязнителей выявлено уменьшение содержания в поверхностном слое почвы Mn, Fe, Ni, Zn, Ba и увеличение содержания Cu и Pb по мере удаления от отвала окисленных кварцитов ЛГОКа. При удалении от отвала мело-мергельных пород СГОКа уменьшается в поверхностном слое почвы содержание Fe, Ni, As и возрастает содержание Zn и Ba. Выявлено, что согласно уточненному суммарному показателю концентрации (Zy), уровень загрязнения вблизи отвала окисленных кварцитов ЛГОКа и отвала мело-мергельных пород СГОКа является слабым или отсутствует. Проведен попарный корреляционный анализ и выявлены ассоциации тяжелых металлов: Ni и Cr, Ba и Mn, Ba и Zn, Ni и Mn, Zn и Cr, Zn и Mn, Zn и Ni, Ba и Ni, Ba и Sr около отвала окисленных кварцитов ЛГОКа, и ассоциация Pb и Cu вблизи отвала мело-мергельных пород СГОКа.
Благодарности. Исследование выполнено при финансовой поддержке Министерства науки и высшего образования Российской Федерации в рамках Государственного задания № FZWG-2023-0011.
“A las riberas de mis ojos”: Reflections on Relevance and Motor Resonance (Kinesis) in Early-Modern Spanish Poetry
Authors: Torres Isabel 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
This article reflects on recent work (predominantly on Anglophone and Francophone contexts) that blends Relevance Theory with an embodied account of language that is particularly sensitive to the kinesic features of the poetic text. Early-modern Spanish poetry is generally sidelined from these discussions. Representative poems by the Conde de Salinas and Gabriel Bocángel will be taken, therefore, as a testing ground in which to explore how insights afforded by relevance theory, as complementary to other considerations, might encourage a deep and transformative reading in relation to the experienced world.
Patterns of kidney diseases diagnosed by kidney biopsy and the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic in Yogyakarta, Indonesia: A single-center study
Authors: Puspitasari Metalia , Wardhani Yulia , Sattwika Prenali Dwisthi , Wijaya Wynne 
Published: November 2024

BACKGROUND
Glomerular diseases rank third among the causes of chronic kidney disease worldwide and in Indonesia, and its burden continues to increase, especially regarding the sociodemographic index. Kidney biopsy remains the gold standard for the diagnosis and classification of glomerular diseases. It is crucial for developing treatment plans, determining the degree of histologic changes, and identifying disease relapse.
AIM
To describe the patterns of biopsy-proven kidney diseases in adult patients.
METHODS
We retrospectively reviewed the demographic, histopathologic, clinical, and laboratory data of 75 adult patients with biopsy-proven kidney diseases at our institution recorded from 2017 to 2022.
RESULTS
Among the patients, 43 (57.3%) were females, and the mean age was 31.52 years ± 11.70 years. The most common histopathologies were lupus nephritis (LN) (33.3%), minimal change disease (MCD) (26.7%), and focal segmental glomerulosclerosis (10.7%). LN (41.7%) was frequently diagnosed in women and MCD (28.1%) in men. The most common cause of nephritic syndrome was LN (36.7%) and of nephrotic syndrome was MCD (40%).
CONCLUSION
Different kidney disease patterns were observed in different sexes, age categories, clinical syndromes, and biopsy dates relative to the coronavirus disease 2019 pandemic.
Neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin, kidney injury molecule-1, and periostin: Novel urinary biomarkers in diabetic nephropathy
Authors: Varatharajan Sakthivadivel , Jain Vishakha , Pyati Anand K , Neeradi Charan , Reddy Kotha Sugunakar , Pallavali Janardhana Reddy , Pandiyaraj Ilakkiya Priya , Gaur Archana 
Published: November 2024

BACKGROUND
Globally, diabetic nephropathy (DN) is the primary cause of chronic kidney disease. Currently, renal function is monitored indirectly using measures of serum creatinine, estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR), and proteinuria. Novel urinary biomarkers utilized in the early stages of DN have been described; these indicators can be used in the early identification of the disease, which is important for initiating treatment to halt or impediment the advance of diabetic nephropathy.
AIM
To estimate neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin (NGAL), kidney injury molecule-1 (KIM-1), and periostin (POSTN) levels as novel urinary biomarkers in DN.
METHODS
In this hospital based cross-sectional study, a total of 160 patients of both genders aged 18 years or more; 40 healthy participants and 120 patients with diabetes mellitus (DM) were included. Patients with DM were divided into normoalbuminuria (n = 40), microalbuminuria (n = 40), and macroalbuminuria (n = 40) groups as per urine albumin creatinine ratio (uACR). Blood urea, serum creatinine, uACR were measured. Urine NGAL, KIM-1, and POSTN were measured by enzyme linked immunosorbent assay. The eGFR was calculated and compared with urinary markers.
RESULTS
NGAL, KIM-1, and POSTN levels increased significantly in normo, micro, and macroalbuminuria with the highest in the macroalbuminuria group. Albumin creatinine ratio (ACR) showed a positive correlation with NGAL, KIM-1, and POSTN levels. The eGFR showed a weak negative correlation with ACR, NGAL, KIM-1, and POSTN. NGAL was significantly lower in stage 1 compared to stage 2, 3, and 4 kidney disease. KIM-1 was significantly decreased in stage 1 compared to stage 4 kidney disease. POSTN was significantly decreased in stage 1 compared to stage 3 and 4 kidney disease. The receiver operator curve analysis of ACR, NGAL, KIM-1, and POSTN showed good sensitivity of 80%, 75.8%, 63.3%, and 80 % respectively with a cut-off of 12.5 mg/g, 4.5 μg/L, 1.5 ng/mL, and 37.5 ng/mL.
CONCLUSION
Urinary NGAL and POSTN are independent markers of DN.
De Wet versterking participatie op decentraal niveau nader bekeken
Authors: Driessen E.M.M.A. 
Published: November 2024

De Wet versterking participatie op decentraal niveau nader bekeken
Wanneer de Wet versterking participatie op decentraal niveau in werking treedt, krijgen decentrale overheden twee jaar de tijd om hun bestaande inspraakverordeningen om te vormen tot een bredere participatieverordening. Naar verwachting zal de wet op 1 januari 2025 in werking treden. Het is de bedoeling dat zij in deze verordening opnemen hoe burgers betrokken worden bij de vormgeving, uitvoering en evaluatie van beleid. De manier waarop burgerparticipatie plaatsvindt, mogen overheden in beginsel zelf bepalen. Dat geldt niet voor het uitdaagrecht. Decentrale overheden moeten deze vorm van participatie, waarbij burgers de mogelijkheid krijgen om de feitelijke uitvoering van taken van de gemeente over te nemen, wanneer zij dit beter en/of goedkoper kunnen doen dan de gemeente, in hun verordening opnemen. Door het wetsvoorstel moeten decentrale overheden hun lokale participatiebeleid onder de loep nemen. De regering had aanvankelijk hoge verwachtingen van deze herijking. Het is de vraag of die hoge verwachtingen kunnen worden ingelost.
‘We voeren ’m niet uit!’ revisited? Hoorzittingen met kandidaat-bewindspersonen zonder staatsrechtelijk toegevoegde waarde
Authors: van Hout F.J.C. , Maarsen J.G. 
Published: November 2024

‘We voeren ’m niet uit!’ revisited? Hoorzittingen met kandidaat-bewinds­personen zonder staatsrechtelijk toegevoegde waarde
In deze bijdrage betogen de auteurs dat hoorzittingen met kandidaat-bewindspersonen, zoals die ter uitvoering van de motie-Sneller in juni 2024 voor het eerst door de Tweede Kamer werden gehouden, staatsrechtelijk niet van toegevoegde waarde zijn. Eerst zetten de auteurs uiteen waarom de hoorzittingen op gespannen voet staan met de vertrouwensregel en het grondwettelijke stelsel voor benoeming van ministers en staatssecretarissen. Het feit dat de Tweede Kamer voorafgaand aan de beëdiging geen (formeel) oordeel kan vellen over de geschiktheid of motivatie van beoogde kabinetsleden, maakt dat de Kamer weinig tot niets kan beginnen met de tijdens een hoorzitting verkregen antwoorden. Dat maakt dat de hoorzittingen weinig zinvol zijn en vooral staatsrechtelijke mist veroorzaken. Dit standpunt onderbouwen de auteurs met een analyse van de 581 tijdens de hoorzittingen gestelde vragen. Daaruit blijkt dat een aanzienlijk deel van de vragen, in weerwil van de motie-Sneller, over beleidsinhoudelijke aspecten ging. Dergelijke vragen kunnen echter beter na de beëdiging worden gesteld, als bewindspersonen daadwerkelijk zijn ingewerkt. Ten slotte bespreken de auteurs de mate waarin de vragen die wél betrekking hadden op de geschiktheid en motivatie voor het ministersambt politieke en staatsrechtelijke consequenties hebben gehad.