bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
An efficient positioning solution in urban canyons using enhanced extended Kalman particle filter
Authors: Xu Qimin , Jiang Rong 
Published: March 2019

Purpose
This paper aims to propose a 3D-map aided tightly coupled positioning solution for land vehicles to reduce the errors caused by non-line-of-sight (NLOS) and multipath interference in urban canyons.

Design/methodology/approach
First, a simple but efficient 3D-map is created by adding the building height information to the existing 2D-map. Then, through a designed effective satellite selection method, the distinct NLOS pseudo-range measurements can be excluded. Further, an enhanced extended Kalman particle filter algorithm is proposed to fuse the information from dual-constellation Global Navigation Satellite Systems and reduced inertial sensor system. The dependable degree of each selected satellite is adjusted through fuzzy logic to further mitigate the effect of misjudged LOS and multipath.

Findings
The proposed solution can improve positioning accuracy in urban canyons. The experimental results evaluate the effectiveness of the proposed solution and indicate that the proposed solution outperforms all the compared counterparts.

Originality/value
The effect of NLOS and multipath is addressed from both the observation level and fusion level. To the authors’ knowledge, mitigating the effect of misjudged LOS and multipath in the fusion algorithm of tightly coupled integration is seldom considered in existing literature.
Beyond the responsibility binary: analysing maternal responsibility in the human papillomavirus vaccination decision
Authors: Albert Katelin 
Published: March 2019

AbstractWith the human papillomavirus (HPV) vaccine positioned as the “right tool” to protect girls' health and sexual health, public discourse positions parents as “responsible” if they vaccinate, “irresponsible” if they do not. The problem with this binary, however, is that it cannot account for the full spectrum of responsibilities and social norms that parents enact in vaccine decisions. In this paper, and in the context of low HPV vaccination rates, I confront this binary and encourage a fuller view of adolescent health and sexual health. Using data from qualitative semi‐structured interviews with 28 Canadian mothers tasked with consenting to the HPV vaccine, I examine the complexity of this responsibility. I find HPV vaccine‐consenting mothers have normative conceptualisations of responsibility aligned with dominant interpretations of public health. Rather than expressing irresponsibility, some non‐HPV vaccine‐consenting mothers articulated alternate responsibilities, aligned with broad efforts to manage their teens' sexual health and sexuality. They extend responsibility beyond cancer protection vis‐à‐vis vaccines to a general responsibility for daughters' sexual health and self‐esteem. In conclusion, I recommend the need for a broader public health approach to HPV, which includes, and goes beyond vaccination. Moreover, I suggest that some of these alternate responsibilities be viewed as complementary to vaccination.
DAGDA score and its evidence‐based pneumonia‐prevention programme
Authors: Wong Kevin Ka‐Fai , Fung James Tak‐Kwan , Leung Siu‐Kee 
Published: March 2019

AimThe mortality rate of the postoperative pneumonia group is significantly higher than that of non‐pneumonia group. Five of 38 risk factors were found to be significantly related to postoperative pneumonia (P < 0.05) after univariable logistic regression and then multivariable logistic regression analysis: (i) Dependence of activity of daily living; (ii) presence of Ascites; (iii) General anaesthesia; (iv) preoperative Dyspnoea; and (v) ASA (American Society of Anesthesiologists) score ≥3. The DAGDA score was formulated by using these significant risk factors to predict high‐risk patients. The maximum DAGDA score is 18, with an area under the receiver operating characteristic curve of 0.774 (95 per cent confidence interval: 0.716–0.837). Sensitivity and specificity of the DAGDA score with a cut‐off point of 8 are 73.6 and 73.4 per cent, respectively. The external validation of the DAGDA score was examined by using other 4495 patients, which resulted in similar findings. A multidisciplinary team (MDT), including surgeons, respiratory physicians, surgical nursing staff and physiotherapists, was formed, and proactive measures were applied to patients at high risk of developing postoperative pneumonia.Patients and MethodsThe present study was a prospective cohort study to compare the postoperative pneumonia rate and pneumonia‐related mortality before and after this programme.ResultsAfter the implementation of the pneumonia‐prevention programme, there was a decrease in the postoperative pneumonia rate from 4.1 to 3.7 per cent. The 30‐day pneumonia‐related mortality rate significantly dropped from 31.9 to 4.8 per cent (P = 0.016).ConclusionThe DAGDA score and the MDT‐led pneumonia‐prevention programme are useful to decrease postoperative pneumonia and prevent pneumonia‐related mortality.
Thinking about going wheat‐free? Evidence of nutritional inadequacies in the dietary practices of wheat avoiders
Authors: Golley Sinéad , Baird Danielle , Hendrie Gilly A. , Mohr Philip 
Published: March 2019

AimTo assess dietary intake and nutritional adequacy amongst self‐identified symptomatic wheat‐avoiders.MethodsThirty‐four self‐identified symptomatic avoiders of wheat‐based products without a diagnosis of coeliac disease or wheat allergy were recruited to participate in a dietary assessment study. Dietary intake was assessed via a three‐day weighed food record. Participants were aged 33 to 83 years, were predominantly women (n = 30) and had been avoiding wheat for a mean of six years. Nutrient intakes were compared with Nutrient Reference Values. Food group intakes were assessed and consumption of wheat‐containing and wheat‐free cereal‐based foods described.ResultsInadequate intakes of key protective nutrients such as fibre and calcium were common; many participants reported avoiding dairy as well as wheat. Intakes of total and saturated fat exceeded recommendations. Although 85% of the sample reported avoiding all wheat products, at least one third of cereal products and dishes consumed in this group, comprising mostly discretionary‐type foods, were wheat based.ConclusionsDietary intake patterns and resulting nutrient imbalances in individuals restricting or eliminating wheat to manage symptoms are cause for concern. The situation is likely exacerbated by the tendency for many wheat avoiders to report also avoiding other foods, especially dairy products. A bi‐disciplinary approach from medical practitioners and dietitians to individuals experiencing unexplained gastro‐intestinal symptoms and strategies to support informed food choice is needed to combat longer‐term health consequences of a diet with this nutritional profile.
Consensus on technical procedures for simulation‐based training in anaesthesiology: A Delphi‐based general needs assessment
Authors: Bessmann Ebbe L. , Østergaard Helle T. , Nielsen Bjørn U. , Russell Lene , Paltved Charlotte , Østergaard Doris , Konge Lars , Nayahangan Leizl Joy 
Published: March 2019

BackgroundAnaesthesiologists are expected to master an increasing number of technical procedures. Simulation‐based procedural training can supplement and, in some areas, replace the classical apprenticeship approach during patient care. However, simulation‐based training is very resource‐intensive and must be prioritised and optimised. Developing a curriculum for simulation‐based procedural training should follow a systematic approach, eg the Six‐Step Approach developed by Kern. The aim of this study was to conduct a national general needs assessment to identify and prioritise technical procedures for simulation‐based training in anaesthesiology.MethodsA three‐round Delphi process was completed with anaesthesiology key opinion leaders. In the first round, the participants suggested technical procedures relevant to simulation‐based training. In the second round, a needs assessment formula was used to explore the procedures and produce a preliminary prioritised list. In the third round, participants evaluated the preliminary list by eliminating and re‐prioritising the procedures.ResultsAll teaching departments in Denmark were represented with high response rates in all three rounds: 79%, 77%, and 75%, respectively. The Delphi process produced a prioritised list of 30 procedure groups suitable for simulation‐based training from the initial 138 suggestions. Top‐5 on the final list was cardiopulmonary resuscitation, direct‐ and video laryngoscopy, defibrillation, emergency cricothyrotomy, and fibreoptic intubation. The needs assessment formula predicted the final prioritisation to a great extent.ConclusionThe Delphi process produced a prioritised list of 30 procedure groups that could serve as a guide in future curriculum development for the simulation‐based training of technical procedures in anaesthesiology.
Real‐world effectiveness and safety of glecaprevir/pibrentasvir for the treatment of chronic hepatitis C infection: data from the German Hepatitis C‐Registry
Authors: Berg Thomas , Naumann Uwe , Stoehr Albrecht , Sick Christoph , John Christine , Teuber Gerlinde , Schiffelholz Willibold , Mauss Stefan , Lohmann Kristina , König Bettina , Pangerl Andreas , Niederau Claus 
Published: March 2019

SummaryBackgroundGlecaprevir/pibrentasvir is a pangenotypic direct‐acting antiviral regimen approved for treating adults chronically infected with hepatitis C virus (HCV). There are limited real‐world data on glecaprevir/pibrentasvir to date.AimTo evaluate the effectiveness and safety of glecaprevir/pibrentasvir under real‐world conditions in the German Hepatitis C‐Registry (DHC‐R).MethodsThe DHC‐R is an ongoing, non‐interventional, multicentre, prospective, observational cohort study that monitors patients with chronic HCV infection. Data were collected from patients who initiated glecaprevir/pibrentasvir and completed a screening visit on or after 2 August 2017. The primary effectiveness endpoint was sustained virological response at post‐treatment Week 12 (SVR12). Safety and tolerability were also assessed.ResultsAs of 15 July 2018, 586 patients received glecaprevir/pibrentasvir and had documented SVR12 data, treatment discontinuation, loss to follow‐up or HCV reinfection. Five hundred and fifty‐two patients (94%) received on‐label treatment. At baseline, most on‐label patients were infected with HCV genotype 1 (53%) or 3 (33%), HCV treatment‐naïve (90%), without cirrhosis (94%), and treated for 8 weeks (93%). Five hundred and thirty‐four patients (96.7%) achieved SVR12 (intention‐to‐treat [ITT] analysis). By modified ITT analysis (excluding patients who discontinued and did not achieve SVR12 or patients lost to follow‐up), the SVR12 rate was 99.4% (n/N = 534/537). There was one documented virological failure (relapse) and two documented HCV reinfections. One hundred and forty‐two (26%) adverse events (AEs) and 9 (2%) serious AEs occurred; 2 (<1%) AEs led to treatment discontinuation. All patients treated off‐label (N = 34) achieved SVR12.ConclusionGlecaprevir/pibrentasvir was highly effective and well tolerated under real‐world conditions. Clinical trial number: DRKS00009717 (German Clinical Trials Register, DRKS).
Mood regulation and relationship quality predict change in homesickness during college
Authors: Landa Isidro , Bono Timothy J. , English Tammy 
Published: March 2019

Recent theorizing has implicated affect regulation as central to the experience of homesickness. Conceptualized as grief due to losing social connections with close others when relocating, homesickness is associated with poor emotional and social adjustment. The present study examined how mood regulation and relationship quality – at home and in college – predict homesickness and negative affect among college students (N = 168). We assessed 16 mood regulation strategies as well as relationship quality each week over the first college term. As predicted, time‐lagged multilevel analyses demonstrate that avoidance‐oriented strategies were helpful in the short term (the following week), but chronic avoidance (across the college term) predicted higher levels of homesickness. Approach‐oriented regulatory strategies did not predict homesickness, however. Relationship quality demonstrated differential main effects at the between‐person level but did not predict fluctuations in homesickness from week to week. Across the college term, closer ties at home predicted greater homesickness, whereas closer ties in college predicted lower homesickness. Notably, there were distinct effects of mood regulation for homesickness compared to negative affect. The present study is among the first to examine effects of mood regulation on homesickness longitudinally, suggesting it is important to consider the type of regulation strategies being used as well as the time scale.
Impaired clearance of sunitinib leads to metabolic disorders and hepatotoxicity
Authors: Zhao Qi , Zhang Ting , Xiao Xue‐Rong , Huang Jian‐Feng , Wang Yan , Gonzalez Frank J. , Li Fei 
Published: March 2019

Background and PurposeSunitinib is a small‐molecule TK inhibitor associated with hepatotoxicity. The mechanisms of its toxicity are still unclear.Experimental ApproachIn the present study, mice were treated with 60, 150, and 450 mg·kg−1 sunitinib to evaluate sunitinib hepatotoxicity. Sunitinib metabolites and endogenous metabolites in liver, serum, faeces, and urine were analysed using ultra‐performance LC electrospray ionization quadrupole time‐of‐flight MS‐based metabolomics.Key ResultsFour reactive metabolites and impaired clearance of sunitinib in liver played a dominant role in sunitinib‐induced hepatotoxicity. Using a non‐targeted metabolomics approach, various metabolic pathways, including mitochondrial fatty acid β‐oxidation (β‐FAO), bile acids, lipids, amino acids, nucleotides, and tricarboxylic acid cycle intermediates, were disrupted after sunitinib treatment.Conclusions and ImplicationsThese studies identified significant alterations in mitochondrial β‐FAO and bile acid homeostasis. Activation of PPARα and inhibition of xenobiotic metabolism may be of value in attenuating sunitinib hepatotoxicity.
Role of diet, gut microbiota, and metabolism in multiple sclerosis and neuromyelitis optica
Authors: Okuno Tatsusada , Kinoshita Makoto , Ishikura Teruyuki , Mochizuki Hideki 
Published: March 2019

AbstractThe prevalence of multiple sclerosis (MS) has been increasing over the past two decades, especially in certain areas, such as the Mediterranean regions and Japan. This increase might be attributed to an altered microbiota and metabolic status in accordance with a change in food habits. Studies on an animal model of MS have led to the hypotheses suggesting the pathogenic role of altered gut microbiota and cellular metabolism of immune cells in MS. Recent studies showed that patients with MS have a distinct gut microbiota composition compared with healthy controls. Furthermore, accumulating evidence highlights the critical role of dysregulated immune cell metabolism in autoimmunity. Regarding neuromyelitis optica (NMO), its microbiome has been reported to have distinct features in comparison with healthy controls and MS. Interestingly, molecular mimicry between aquaporin 4 and components of Clostridium perfringens, the second most significantly enriched taxon in NMO, is suggested. CD4+ T cells recognizing the dominant aquaporin 4 T‐cell epitope show the T helper 17 cell phenotype, and show cross‐reactivity to a homologous peptide sequence in NMO patients. These results raise the possibility that commensal bacteria in NMO patients might be involved in aquaporin 4 autoantibody production. In the present review, we introduce the current advances in the research of food habit and microbiota in MS and NMO in terms of intestinal immunity and immune‐metabolic interactions. In addition, we discuss the potential perspective of diet therapy and probiotics in terms of prophylactic or therapeutic treatment options for MS and NMO.
Brain volume decrease in patients with multiple sclerosis investigated by 3T magnetic resonance imaging scanner: A 4‐year observation study
Authors: Nakayama Takahiro , Sasaki Takuya , Kitamura Mizuki , Imafuku Ichiro 
Published: March 2019

AbstractObjectivesFor patients with multiple sclerosis (MS) with a high recurrence rate, treatment with disease‐modifying drugs from the early stage is recommended. Although a decrease in brain volume has been reported in such patients, long‐term and comparison studies with control participants have not been carried out in Japan.MethodsBefore this study, we built a cross‐sectional brain image database of control participants. Among 73 patients with MS treated at Yokohama Rosai Hospital from April 2005 to April 2018, 34 MS patients who had been examined by 3T magnetic resonance scanner over a period of 4 years were enrolled in this study. We calculated the total intracranial volume of each patient, and the total brain volume, and gray and white matter volumes were adjusted by the total intracranial volume. We also examined the age, sex, disease‐modifying drugs and type of MS.ResultsThe brain volume of mild MS patients decreased with age at the same rate as that of control participants. However, the brain volume of all patients treated with fingolimod decreased faster than that of control participants. In some patients treated with interferon, the brain volume decreased faster than that of control participants. The brain volume of mild MS patients did not decrease more than that of control participants.ConclusionsWe could not determine the effect of fingolimod on brain volume decrease, because all patients treated with fingolimod were initially treated with interferon during the study period. The early administration of disease‐modifying drugs is recommended from the perspective of minimizing decreases in brain volume.
Ileal pouch–anal anastomosis with fluorescence angiography: a case‐matched study
Authors: Spinelli A. , Carvello M. , Kotze P. G. , Maroli A. , Montroni I. , Montorsi M. , Buchs N. C. , Ris F. 
Published: March 2019

AbstractAimAn anastomotic leak in ileoanal pouch surgery may lead to pouch failure. Constructing a tension‐free ileal pouch–anal anastomosis (IPAA) reduces this risk but can be technically challenging, balancing pouch vascularization with ileal mesenteric length and site of vessel ligation. Fluorescence angiography (FA) may help the clinician make a more balanced judgement.MethodsThirty‐two patients undergoing minimally invasive completion proctectomy with FA‐guided IPAA at two academic centres were matched and compared on a 1:1 basis to a historical group undergoing the same procedure without the use of this technique.ResultsLigation of the ileocolic vessels was safely performed in 15/32 (47%) of FA patients compared with 5/32 (16%) of historical controls. One patient underwent intra‐operative IPAA reconstruction after FA detected ischaemia. No anastomotic leak occurred with FA but there was only one in the historical controls (P = 0.31). The postoperative complication rate was similar between the two groups (P = 0.60).ConclusionFA is applicable to IPAA surgery and may help to reduce perfusion‐related anastomotic leaks. A prospective randomized trial is warranted.
Vocal activity rate index: a useful method to infer terrestrial bird abundance with acoustic monitoring
Authors: Pérez‐Granados Cristian , Bota Gerard , Giralt David , Barrero Adrián , Gómez‐Catasús Julia , Bustillo‐De La Rosa Daniel , Traba Juan 
Published: March 2019

Autonomous recording units have been widely used in a large number of bird studies in recent years, but challenges remain in estimating abundance based on acoustic monitoring. We tested whether vocal activity rate index (VAR; the number of songs per unit time for a species), recorded using autonomous recording units, was related to population abundance in two terrestrial bird species, the European Bee‐eater Merops apiaster and the Dupont's Lark Chersophilus duponti. We took recordings at sites where censuses were also carried out to estimate local populations around recorders. We found a positive and significant relationship for the two monitored species. Although our results are not conclusive, the strong and significant relationship found for both monitored species suggests that VAR may be used to infer bird abundance around recorders in terrestrial species. We describe five logical steps for using the VAR with autonomous recording units in other species to guide future studies.
Solvent extraction and in vitro simulated gastrointestinal digestion of phenolic compounds from purple sweet potato
Authors: Meng Xian‐jun , Tan Chang , Feng Ying 
Published: March 2019

SummaryThe total content of phenolic compounds in purple sweet potato (PSP) was determined and the release of such compounds from PSP in gastrointestinal digestion was studied in vitro. The extraction conditions for the maximum recovery of free phenol (FP) and bound phenol (BP) from PSP were determined by response surface methodology (RSM). The maximum recovery of FPPSP was 14.16 ± 0.87 mg GAE per g short for dry weight (DW), which was obtained using 60% (v/v) ethanol maceration with a liquid–solid ratio of 57.21:1 (mL g−1) at 51.93 °C for 2.12 h. The maximum recovery for BPPSP was 7.54 mg GAE per g DW, which was obtained upon hydrolysis with 1.87 mol L−1 NaOH at a liquid–solid ratio of 35.93:1 (mL g−1) for 4.74 h. The maximum phenolic content was released after 1 and 2 h for the in vitro gastric and intestinal digestion respectively. The release of the phenolics was promoted by pepsin and gastric acid during gastric digestion, while it was further promoted by trypsin during intestinal digestion.
Can we predict vesicoureteral reflux resolution in patients with non‐neurogenic lower urinary tract dysfunction?
Authors: Cakmak Ozgur , Tarhan Huseyin , Akarken Ilker , Dogan Hasan Serkan , Yavascan Onder , Sahin Hayrettin , Tekgul Serdar 
Published: March 2019

ObjectiveTo analyze factors influencing reflux resolution in patients with the coexistence of non‐neurogenic lower urinary tract dysfunction and vesicoureteral reflux.MethodsThe data of 153 children who were diagnosed with vesicoureteral reflux and accompanying non‐neurogenic lower urinary tract dysfunction between 2010 and 2015 were retrospectively evaluated. Patients with neurogenic and anatomical malformations, monosymptomatic nocturnal enuresis, previous history of vesicoureteral reflux surgery, irregular and/or incomplete follow‐up data were excluded. After exclusion of 55 patients, 98 patients were enrolled in this study. Patients were divided into two groups according to the presence of spontaneous vesicoureteral reflux resolution during the follow‐up period. Group 1 consisted of 54 children with spontaneous vesicoureteral reflux resolution, whereas group 2 included 44 children without resolution. Medical history, physical examination, urinalysis, uroflowmetry combined with electromyography, ultrasonography, as well as the Dysfunctional Voiding and Incontinence Symptom Score questionnaire were also evaluated.ResultsThe mean age at presentation was 7.57 ± 0.23 years (range 5–13 years), and the mean follow‐up period was 28.3 months. Significant differences were noted between the two groups in terms of dysfunctional voiding and incontinence symptom score, bladder wall thickness, and the post‐void residual urine volumes. In addition, lower urinary tract symptoms, namely frequency, urgency and daytime incontinence, were found to be higher in group 2. In multivariate analysis, post‐void residual urine volume and Dysfunctional Voiding and Incontinence Symptom Score were found to affect reflux resolution rates (P = 0.002, P = 0.002, respectively).ConclusionsThe absence of significant post‐void residual urine volume, and a low Dysfunctional Voiding and Incontinence Symptom Score increase the likelihood of spontaneous resolution rates of vesicoureteral reflux in children with non‐neurogenic lower urinary tract dysfunction.