bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Fingerprints of volatile flavor compounds from southern stinky tofu brine with headspace solid‐phase microextraction/gas chromatography–mass spectrometry and chemometric methods
Authors: Li Pao , Xie Jing , Tang Hui , Shi Cong , Xie Yanhua , He Jing , Zeng Yulun , Zhou Hongli , Xia Bo , Zhang Chunyan , Jiang Liwen 
Published: January 2019

AbstractIt is difficult to produce southern stinky tofu, a famous traditional Chinese snack, at industry scale due to the complex composition of its brine. In this study, the fingerprints of organic volatile flavor compounds in the southern stinky tofu brine samples from five manufacturers were studied using headspace solid‐phase microextraction/gas chromatography–mass spectrometry (HS‐SPME/GC‐MS) with the aid of chemometric methods. The fingerprints were obtained by HS‐SPME/GC‐MS and analyzed with the time shift alignment method, Shannon entropy, correlation coefficient, and principal component analysis. The results show that the time shifts in the samples can be accurately corrected by the time shift alignment method despite unexpected interferences. The fingerprint information was evaluated by Shannon entropy, while the similarities and differences in the fingerprints were investigated by correlation coefficient. Moreover, the identification of stinky tofu manufacturers can be achieved by principal component analysis. The predominant volatile compounds in southern stinky tofu brines were indole, 3‐methylindole, phenol, and 4‐methylphenol. Therefore, the established fingerprinting of volatile compounds for the brines by combining HS‐SPME/GC‐MS with chemometric methods was a simple and reliable method.
Assessing functional outcomes in head and neck surgical oncology
Authors: Osborn Heather A. , Goldsmith Tessa A. , Varvares Mark A. 
Published: January 2019

AbstractBackgroundA reliable method of measuring functional outcomes is essential to inform treatment decisions in head and neck cancer.MethodsMembers of the American Head and Neck Society were surveyed regarding their use of functional outcome assessment tools. Qualitative statistical analysis was performed to identify major tools used and to clarify obstacles to functional outcome assessment. A comprehensive literature review was performed to identify available tools.ResultsA total of 142 surgeons were surveyed. 44.12% of respondents use at least 1 tool to assess functional outcomes. The most frequently used tools were modified barium swallow, MD Anderson Dysphagia Inventory, and functional endoscopic evaluation of swallow (FEES). 72.65% of respondents reported barriers to assessment, most frequently a lack of support to administer the tests or to collect, apply or analyze the results. Review of the literature revealed 173 available tools.ConclusionsAlthough a wide variety of validated tools are available in the literature to assess functional outcomes after head and neck surgery, major obstacles to their use persist. The lack of a standard measure that is practical and transferable continues to impair research progression in this field.
How do metalinguistic awareness, working memory, reasoning, and inhibition contribute to Chinese character reading of kindergarten children?
Authors: Yang Xiujie , Peng Peng , Meng Xiangzhi 
Published: January 2019

AbstractThe purpose of this study was to investigate the contributions of general cognitive skills (working memory, inhibition, and reasoning) and metalinguistic awareness to young children's character reading. One hundred eighty‐nine Chinese children, aged from 60 to 78 months, were administered with measures of character recognition, language, metalinguistic awareness (phonological awareness, morphological awareness, and orthographic knowledge), and general cognitive processing (working memory, inhibition, and reasoning) in two kindergartens. Results showed both metalinguistic awareness and general cognitive processing contributed to children's character reading ability. Particularly, after controlling for age, gender, and language, metalinguistic awareness and general cognitive processing, respectively, explained 20% and 16% of the variance in children's character reading, among which phonological awareness, orthographic knowledge, and reasoning made unique contributions to Chinese reading. Of these skills, orthographic knowledge showed the strongest relation to Chinese character reading. Findings highlight that both general cognitive processing and metalinguistic awareness are important for young Chinese children in character reading acquisition.Highlights

We investigated the contributions of working memory, inhibition, reasoning, and metalinguistic awareness to young Chinese children's character reading.
Reasoning, phonological awareness, and orthographic knowledge made unique contributions to Chinese reading.
Of these skills, orthographic knowledge seemed to be the highest correlate to Chinese character reading.
Role of iron and oxidative stress in the exacerbation of allergic inflammation in murine lungs caused by urban particulate matter <2.5 μm and desert dust
Authors: He Miao , Ichinose Takamichi , Yoshida Seiichi , Nishikawa Masataka , Sun Guifan , Shibamoto Takayuki 
Published: January 2019

AbstractSimultaneous exposure of lipopolysaccharide (LPS) and urban particulate matter <2.5 μm (PM2.5) or desert dust exacerbated murine asthma. In the present study, the role of iron (Fe) contained in particles and oxidative stress was investigated using Fe chelator deferoxamine (DFO) and oxidative stress scavenger N‐acetylcysteine (NAC) in a murine asthma model exacerbated by LPS + PM2.5 or LPS + Asian sand dust (ASD). When BALB/c mice were intratracheally challenged with ovalbumin (OVA) + LPS and either urban PM2.5 or ASD, LPS + PM2.5 and LPS + ASD caused exacerbation of OVA‐induced lung eosinophilia along with T‐helper 2 cytokine and eosinophil‐relevant chemokine production in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid as well as the production of OVA‐specific IgE in serum. LPS + PM2.5 with NAC tended to reduce the lung eosinophilia compared to the LPS + PM2.5 host, whereas LPS + PM2.5 with DFO did not reduce them. LPS + ASD with NAC moderately reduced the lung eosinophilia compared to the LPS + ASD host. LPS + ASD with DFO drastically reduced the lung eosinophilia compared to the LPS + ASD host. The concentration of Fe in urban PM2.5 and ASD were almost the same. However, the concentrations of trace metals Pb, Cu, As, Ni, Cr, Mo, Sb, Co, Se and Cd were greater in PM2.5 than in ASD. These results suggested that Fe and oxidative stress are at least partly involved in lung eosinophilia exacerbation caused by LPS + ASD. However, trace metals (except Fe) might also be involved in lung eosinophilia exacerbated by LPS + PM2.5.
Poly(ester amide) particles for controlled delivery of celecoxib
Authors: Villamagna Ian J. , Gordon Trent N. , Hurtig Mark B. , Beier Frank , Gillies Elizabeth R. 
Published: January 2019

AbstractMany potential pharmacological treatments for osteoarthritis can result in undesirable side effects due to the systemic administration of drugs, making the direct delivery of drugs to joints an attractive alternative. Poly(ester amide)s (PEAs) have been shown to exhibit promising properties for the development of particle‐based intra‐articular delivery vehicles. However, a limited range of PEA structures has been investigated. In this study, we prepared and characterized the properties of two different PEA particles composed of l‐phenylalanine, sebacic acid, and either 1,4‐butanediol or 1,8‐octanediol (PBSe and POSe, respectively). The anti‐inflammatory drug celecoxib (CXB) was encapsulated into the particles. Despite minor structural differences, PBSe and POSe exhibited different thermal and mechanical properties, and encapsulation of CXB influenced these properties. PBSe‐CXB particles provided a slower release of drug in vitro relative to POSe‐CXB. Toxicity studies showed that particles without drug exhibited low toxicity to ATDC5 and C2C12 cells, while the PBSe‐CXB particles exhibited concentration‐dependent toxicity. Host response to the particles was evaluated in an ovine model. No adverse effects were observed following intra‐articular injection and it was observed that the particles diffused into the surrounding tissues. This work shows the importance of structural tuning in PEA delivery vehicles and demonstrates their potential for further development. © 2019 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Biomed Mater Res Part A: 107A: 1235–1243, 2019.
Immunoadsorption or plasma exchange in steroid‐refractory multiple sclerosis and neuromyelitis optica
Authors: Lipphardt Mark , Mühlhausen Johannes , Kitze Bernd , Heigl Franz , Mauch Erich , Helms Hans‐Joachim , Müller Gerhard A. , Koziolek Michael J. 
Published: January 2019

AbstractBackgroundPlasma exchange (PE) and immunoadsorption (IA) are alternative treatments of steroid‐refractory relapses of multiple sclerosis (MS) or neuromyelitis optica (NMO).MethodsAdverse events and neurological follow‐ups in 127 MS‐ (62 PE, 65 IA) and 13 NMO‐ (11 PE, 2 IA) patients were retrospectively analyzed. Response was defined by improvements in either expanded disability status scale (EDSS) by at least 1.0 or visual acuity (VA) to 0.5, confirmed after 3 and/or 6 months.ResultsHundred and forty patients were included in safety analysis, 102 patients provided sufficient neurological follow‐up‐data. There were no significant differences between IA and PE in side effects (3.9% vs 3.6%, P = .96) or response‐rate (P = .65). Responders showed significant lower age (P = .02) and earlier apheresis‐initiation (P = .01). Subgroup‐analysis confirmed significant lower age in patients with relapsing‐remitting MS (RRMS) /clinical isolated syndrome (CIS).ConclusionIA and PE seem equally safe and effective in steroid‐resistant MS‐ or NMO‐relapses. Early apheresis and low patient age are additional prognostic factors.
miR‐503 expression is downregulated in cervical cancer and suppresses tumor growth by targeting AKT2
Authors: Fu Yuanyuan , Meng Yuejin , Gu Xiaoli , Tian Shuxuan , Hou Xiaoying , Ji Mengge 
Published: January 2019

AbstractPrevious studies have reported that microRNAs function as key regulators in tumor development and progression. This study aims to investigate the functional effects of miR‐503 expression in cervical cancer (CC) progression. We detected the expression of miR‐503 in CC tissues and cell lines using quantitative real‐time polymerase chain reaction. Synthesized miR‐503 mimics or inhibitors were used to upregulate or downregulate the expression of miR‐503 in HeLa or SiHa cells. Cell Counting Kit‐8 and colony formation assay were used to detect the ability of cell proliferation. Furthermore, luciferase assay and Western blot were applied to confirm the target of miR‐503 in CC cells. Here, we demonstrated that miR‐503 expression was significantly downregulated in CC tissues, compared with adjacent normal tissues. miR‐503 expression was significantly associated with tumor size and International Federation of Gynecology and Obstetrics stage. Furthermore, increasing miR‐503 expression in CC cells dramatically inhibited cell proliferation, colony formation ability of CC. However, reducing miR‐503 had reverse effects on these malignant behaviors. Moreover, we demonstrated that miR‐503 inhibited cell proliferation by targeting AKT2 3′‐untranslated region and affected its expression. Overexpression of AKT2 rescued the effects induced by miR‐503 on cell proliferation. Therefore, our results indicated that miR‐503 may serve as a tumor suppressor in CC and provide a potential value for CC treatment.
lncRNA FLVCR1‐AS1 silencing inhibits lung cancer cell proliferation, migration, and invasion by inhibiting the activity of the Wnt/β‐catenin signaling pathway
Authors: Lin Heping , Shangguan Zongxiao , Zhu Mengchu , Bao Lianmin , Zhang Qing , Pan Shenghua 
Published: January 2019

AbstractLong noncoding RNAs have been reported to be essential regulators in several human diseases, including tumorigenesis. A recent report revealed that FLVCR1‐AS1 promotes the progression of hepatocellular carcinoma. However, whether FLVCR1‐AS1 is involved in lung cancer remains unclear. In this study, we found that the expression of FLVCR1‐AS1 was increased in lung cancer tissues according to The Cancer Genome Atlas database. Similarly, FLVCR1‐AS1 was significantly upregulated in lung cancer cell lines. Knockdown of FLVCR1‐AS1 dramatically reduced the cell proliferation, migration, and invasion of SPCA1 and A549. Mechanistically, we found that the expression levels of CTNNB1, SOX4, CCND1, CCND2, c‐MYC, as well as nucleus β‐catenin were decreased in lung cancer cells after FLVCR1‐AS1 silencing. Thus, FLVCR1‐AS1 positively regulates the activation of the Wnt/β‐catenin pathway. Overexpression of CTNNB1 reversed the effect of FLVCR1‐AS1 knockdown on A549 cells. In sum, FLVCR1‐AS1 silencing inhibited the proliferation, migration, and invasion of lung cancer cells by inhibiting the activity of the Wnt/β‐catenin signaling pathway.
Leptin rs2167270 G > A (G19A) polymorphism may decrease the risk of cancer: A case‐control study and meta‐analysis involving 19 989 subjects
Authors: Yang Jing , Zhong Zhihui , Tang Weifeng , Chen Jianping 
Published: January 2019

AbstractAccumulating evidence has suggested that leptin (LEP) is very important for the development of cancer. Recently, a number of case‐control studies about the relationship of the rs2167270 G > A (G19A) variants in the LEP gene with the risk of cancer have yielded inconsistent results. In this study, we have carried out a case‐control study [1063 esophagogastric junction adenocarcinoma (EGJA) cases and 1677 controls] in a Chinese population. Furthermore, we carried out a pooled‐analysis of 13 studies involving 8059 cancer patients and 11 930 controls to assess whether the
LEP G19A locus was associated with overall cancer susceptibility. Odds ratios (ORs) with the corresponding 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were harnessed to evaluate the potential association. In our case‐control study, we found an association between the carriers of
LEP 19A allele and EGJA risk. In addition, the results of meta‐analysis also suggested significant associations with cancer risk (A vs G: OR = 0.92, 95% CI = 0.88–0.97,
P = 0.001; AA vs GG: OR = 0.83, 95% CI = 0.74–0.93,
P = 0.001, GA/AA vs GG: OR = 0.93, 95% CI = 0.88–0.99,
P = 0.023 and AA vs GG/GA: OR = 0.83, 95% CI = 0.74–0.92,
P < 0.001). Upon conducting a stratified analysis, we found that
LEP 19A allele might decrease the susceptibility of non‐Hodgkin lymphoma (NHL) and colorectal cancer (CRC). In a stratified‐by‐ethnicity analysis, significant associations were also found in Asians, Caucasians, and mixed populations. We can conclude that the
LEP G19A polymorphism constitutes a decreased risk of cancer.
Role of bta‐miR‐204 in the regulation of adipocyte proliferation, differentiation, and apoptosis
Authors: Jin Yunyun , Wang Jian , Zhang Meng , Zhang Sihuan , Lei Chuzhao , Chen Hong , Guo Wei , Lan Xianyong 
Published: January 2019

AbstractAdipocyte growth and development are complex and precisely orchestrated processes. Several microRNAs have been identified as critical regulators of the adipocyte growth and development. Recently, bta‐miR‐204 was found to be involved in adipogenesis; however, the underlying molecular mechanism involved in bta‐miR‐204‐mediated regulation of proliferation, differentiation, and apoptosis of adipocytes is not fully understood or elucidated. In this study, quantitative real‐time polymerase chain reaction (qRT‐PCR), Cell Counting Kit‐8, EdU, flow cytometer, Oil Red O staining, and the western blot assays were used to assess the role of bta‐miR‐204 in adipocyte growth and development. Overexpression of bta‐miR‐204 had no significant effect on 3T3‐L1 cell proliferation. The forced expression of bta‐miR‐204 promoted 3T3‐L1 cell differentiation. Meanwhile, overexpression of bta‐miR‐204 upregulated the expression of Bax and downregulated the expression of Bcl‐2 both at messenger RNA and protein levels, which suggested that bta‐miR‐204 can promote 3T3‐L1 cell apoptosis. Using bioinformatic analysis, dual‐luciferase reporter system and qRT‐PCR, TGFBR2, and ELOVL6 were identified as the direct target genes of bta‐miR‐204. Therefore, our study provides a novel insight into the role of bta‐miR‐204 in the regulation of adipocyte growth and development, which may provide a novel therapeutic alternative against obesity.
Inhibition of Nrf2 promotes the antitumor effect of Pinelliae rhizome in papillary thyroid cancer
Authors: Du Zhipeng , Wang Qiang , Ma Guanjun , Jiao Jianpeng , Jiang Daozhen , Zheng Xiangmin , Qiu Ming , Liu Sheng 
Published: January 2019

AbstractWe previously reported that Xiaotan Sanjie (XTSJ) decoction can prevent the progression of gastric cancer in vitro and in vivo. Pinelliae rhizome (PR), one component of XTSJ decoction, has an inhibitory effect on the growth and proliferation of tumor cells. The present study investigated the underlying mechanisms of action of PR. Using the human papillary thyroid cancer cell lines, TPC‐1 and BCPAP, we found that XTSJ decoction and PR alone decreased cell viability to a similar extent in both cell lines, whereas treatment with XTJS decoction without PR [PR (−)] had a lesser effect. PR treatment inhibited the expression of nuclear factor erythroid 2‐related factor 2 (Nrf2) in a dose‐dependent manner. To investigate the role of Nrf2 in the PR‐mediated effects of XTSJ, knockdown of Nrf2 in the tumor cell lines using Nrf2 siRNA (siNrf2) was performed and transfected cells were treated with PR. Silencing of Nrf2 amplified the effects on autophagy, cell viability, apoptosis, and colony formation. Similar results were obtained following treatment with the autophagy inhibitor 3‐methyladenine (3‐MA). Furthermore, treatment with PR, siNrf2, and/or 3‐MA inhibited the MAPK pathway, and analysis of the MAPK pathway components confirmed the role of this pathway in the PR‐mediated cellular effects. In mice implanted with siNrf2‐transfected cells, the effects of PR were amplified. Taken together, these findings indicate that PR is critical for the inhibitory effects of XTSJ decoction on tumor cell viability and that downregulation of Nrf2 promotes the antitumor effects of PR on papillary thyroid cancer cells.
Secondary analysis of existing microarray data reveals potential gene drivers of cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma
Authors: Liu Haibo , Chen Daxiang , Liu Ping , Xu Shuqia , Lin Xunxun , Zeng Ruixi 
Published: January 2019

AbstractCutaneous squamous‐cell carcinoma (cSCC) is the second most common skin cancer, with an increasing incidence in recent years. To define the molecular basis that drive cSCC development and progression, this study aimed at identifying potential novel molecular targets for the diagnosis and therapy of patients with cSCC. Two data sets with the accession number GSE45164 and GSE66359 were downloaded from Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) database. After the identification of differentially expressed genes (DEGs) from these two data sets, respectively, between cSCC samples and controls, a combination of DEGs from these two data sets were subjected to the following analyses, including functional annotation, protein–protein interaction (PPI) network and module construction, transcription factor (TF)‐target regulation prediction, and drug–gene interaction predictive analysis. A total of 204 upregulated genes and 213 downregulated genes were found in two data sets which were used for the follow‐up analysis. Upregulated and downregulated genes were mainly involved in the functions such as cell division, mitotic nuclear division, cell cycle, and p53 signaling pathway. Interferon induced protein family members and proteasome subunit members were involved in the TF‐target regulatory network, such as PSMB8,
CXCL10, and
IFIT3. Eight upregulated genes (
TOP2A,
CXCL8,
RRM2,
PSMB8,
PSMB9,
PBK,
CXCL10, and
ISG15) that were hub genes in the PPI network and significant modules were identified in the predicted drug–gene interaction. In conclusion,
TOP2A,
CXCL8,
RRM2,
PSMB8,
PSMB9,
PBK,
CXCL10, and
ISG15 may be potential targets for the diagnosis and therapy of patients with cSCC.
The biological macromolecule Nocardia rubra cell‐wall skeleton as an avenue for cell‐based immunotherapy
Authors: Meng Yiming , Sun Jing , Wang Xiaonan , Ma Yushu , Kong Cuicui , Zhang Guirong , Dou Heng , Nan Ning , Shi Mingsheng , Yu Tao , Piao Haozhe 
Published: January 2019

AbstractPromoting the antitumor effects of cell‐based immunotherapy for clinical application remains a difficult challenge. Nocardia rubra cell‐wall skeleton (N‐CWS) is an immunotherapeutic agent for cancers that have been proven to possess the ability to activate immune response without showing toxicity. However, its effects on immune cells that are derived from tumor patients and cultured in vitro remain unclear. As expected, N‐CWS can enhance the proliferation and viability of cytokine‐induced killer (CIK) cells, dendritic cells (DCs), and natural killer (NK) cells. The maturation of DCs and specific cytotoxicity against NK cells and CIK cells were consistently promoted. The TUNEL‐staining and the Annexin V/propidium iodide assay revealed that after treatment with N‐CWS, the stimulated CIK/NK cells could induce DNA breaks in tumor cells. Furthermore, quantitative real‐time polymerase chain reaction and western blot analysis showed upregulation of proapoptotic biomarkers (caspase‐3 and caspase‐9) and a downregulation of the antiapoptotic biomarker Bcl‐2 in the tumor cells of the N‐CWS‐treated group, indicating that N‐CWS could induce hepatocellular carcinoma cell apoptosis via CIK/NK cells. Finally, CIK/NK cells could notably suppress the invasion and migration of tumor cells in the presence of N‐CWS. Our study provides evidence that N‐CWS could significantly increase the growth of CIK cells, DCs, and NK cells, particularly due to its robust antitumor activities by inducing apoptosis, and attenuate the invasion and migration of tumor cells.
In vitro and in silico molecular interaction of multiphase nanoparticles containing inositol hexaphosphate and jacalin: Therapeutic potential against colon cancer cells (HCT‐15)
Authors: Arya Malti , Mishra Nidhi , Singh Pooja , Tripathi Chandra B. , Parashar Poonam , Singh Mahendra , Gupta Krishna P. , Saraf Shubhini A. 
Published: January 2019

AbstractInositol hexaphosphate (IP6) is a natural constituent found in almost all cereals and legumes. It is known to cause numerous antiangiogenic manifestations. Notwithstanding its great potential, it is underutilized due to the chelation and rapid excretion from the body. Jacalin is another natural constituent obtained from seeds of jackfruit and can target disaccharides overexpressed in tumor cells. The current study was in‐quested to develop and evaluate a surface‐modified gold nanoparticulate system containing IP6 and jacalin which may maximize the apoptotic effect of IP6 against HCT‐15 cell lines. IP6 loaded jacalin‐pectin‐gold nanoparticles (IJP‐GNPs) were developed through reduction followed by incubation method. The developed formulation was tested for various in vitro and in silico studies to investigate its potential. HCT‐15 cells when exposed to IJP‐GNP resulted in significant apoptotic effects in dose as well as time‐dependent manner, as measured using 3‐(4,5‐dimethylthiazol‐2‐yl)‐2,5‐diphenyltetrazolium bromide, micronucleus, and reactive oxygen species assay. IJP‐GNP displayed cell cycle arrest at the G0/G1 phase. To further explore the mechanism of chemoprevention, in silico studies were performed. The docking results revealed that the interactive behavior of IP6, P‐GNP, and jacalin could target and inhibit the tumor formation activity, supported by in vitro studies. Taken together, all the findings suggested that IP6 loaded nanoparticles may increase the hope of future drug delivery strategy for targeting colon cancer.