bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Application analysis of MALDI-TOF MS in rapid identification of anaerobic bacteria
Authors: Li Ying , Shan Mingzhu , Zhu Zuobin , Mao Xuhua , Yan Mingju , Chen Ying , Li Hongchun , Gu Bing 
Published: May 2019

Abstract
BACKGROUND: Matrix-assisted laser desorption ionization-time of flight mass spectrometry (MALDI-TOF MS) has been rapidly developed and widely used as an analytical technique in the clinical laboratories with high accuracy in the identification of microorganisms.
METHOD: This study was designed to evaluate MALDI-TOF MS for identification of clinical pathogenic anaerobes.
RESULT: Twenty-eight studies covering 6685 strains of anaerobic bacteria were included in this meta-analysis. Fixed-effects models based on the P-value and the I-squared were used for meta-analysis to consider the possibility of heterogeneity between studies. Statistical analyses were performed by using STATA 12.0. Results shown that the identification accuracy of MALDI-TOF MS at species was 84% (I2 = 98.0%, P < 0.1), genus was 92% (I2 = 96.6%, P < 0.1). Thereinto, the identification accuracy of Bacteroides was the highest at 96% with a 95% CI of 95% to 97%. Next were Lactobacillus spp., Parabacteroides spp., Clostridium spp., Propionibacterium spp., Prevotella spp., Veillonella spp. and Peptostreptococcus spp., and their correct identification rates were all above 90%, while the accuracy of rare anaerobic bacteria was lower. Meanwhile, the overall capabilitys of two MALDI-TOF MS systems were different. The identification accuracy rate of VITEK MS was 90%, compared to 86% by the MALDI biotyper system.
CONCLUSON: In summary, our research showed that MALDI-TOF-MS was satisfactory in the identification of genus in clinical pathogenic anaerobic bacteria. However, this method still suffered from different drawbacks in the identification of the rare anaerobes and species levels of common anaerobic bacteria.
Long‐term Data from the Swedish National Environmental Monitoring Program of Pesticides in Surface Waters
Authors: Boye K. , Lindström B. , Boström G. , Kreuger J. 
Published: May 2019

Environmental monitoring is essential for assessing the impact of human activities on the environment. Monitoring data are used to ascertain that environmental standards are met, to inform policy making, to determine trends, and to provide parameterization data for prediction models. The design of monitoring programs depends on what is being monitored, for what purpose, and available resources. Here we describe the strategy and design of the Swedish environmental monitoring program for chemical pesticides in surface waters and provide data generated within this program since 2002 (www.slu.se/en/pesticide_monitoring). We include examples of how the data can be used for toxicity assessments, trend analyses, and comparison between sampling strategies. Our goal is to increase awareness of this dataset and provide detailed information about the data so that it may be incorporated into meta‐analytical research, comparison studies, model validation, and other scientific efforts.Core Ideas
Time‐integrated data for >15 years from four small agricultural catchments are discussed.
Broad‐scale screening in a few intensely farmed areas captures worst‐case risks.
Partial scaling is possible by inclusion of data from two rivers.
Long‐term monitoring is necessary to follow up on agricultural risk‐mitigation work.
Melting temperature depression due to the electronic spin transition of iron
Authors: Deng Jie , Lee Kanani K.M. 
Published: May 2019

AbstractThe electronic spin transition of iron has been shown to strongly affect many thermoelastic properties of the host mineral. However, the response of melting temperatures to the spin transition remains largely unexplored. Here, we study the melting of lower mantle minerals, ferropericlase and bridgmanite, using Lindemann's Law. This empirical law predicts a negligible melting temperature depression for Earth-relevant bridgmanite but a substantial depression for Earth-relevant ferropericlase across the spin transition of iron, consistent with extant experimental results. This melting depression can be explained within the framework of Lindemann's Law for a Debye-like solid. The transition of iron from high- to low-spin configuration reduces the molar volume and the bulk modulus of the crystal, leading to a decrease in Debye frequency and consequently lowering the melting temperature. Thermodynamically, the melting depression likely derives from a more negative Margules parameter for a liquid mixture of high- and low-spin end-members as compared to that of a solid mixture. This melting depression across the spin transition of iron may be the process responsible for the formation of a deep molten layer during the crystallization of a magma ocean in the past, and a reduced viscosity layer at present.
Atividade biológica e decomposição de resíduos orgânicos em área de lavoura sobre Argissolo Vermelho Distrófico
Authors: RODRIGUES Jerônimo Porto , COSTA Diulie Fernanda Almansa da , GAVILÁN Gabriela Dominique de Campos , CAVALHEIRO Gabrielly da Silveira , MARTINS Luana Pinheiro , ALVES Natacha Pedroso , OSORIO FILHO Benjamin Dias 
Published: May 2019

A atividade biológica do solo pode ser determinada pela soma dos processos metabólicos em que o CO2 é produzido e pela taxa de decomposição de resíduos orgânicos no solo. Os compostos orgânicos podem apresentar alta ou baixa relação C/N, e podem ser lábeis ou recalcitrantes, ou seja, de rápida ou lenta decomposição. Os compostos lábeis possuem função de disponibilizar nutrientes e energia para os microrganismos. O objetivo deste trabalho foi avaliar a emissão de CO2 e a decomposição de resíduos orgânicos sobre Argissolo Vermelho Distrófico. Os resíduos avaliados foram - T1: palha de serradela, T2: esterco bovino, T3: cama de aviário, T4: húmus, T5: cama de aviário + palha de serradela e T6: esterco bovino + palha de serradela. Houve estímulo na atividade biológica do solo pela presença de todos os tratamentos, principalmente pela palha de serradela (Ornithopus compressus). Observou-se que quando não havia presença de resíduos, o solo emitiu CO2, pois os microrganismos utilizaram a matéria orgânica do solo como fonte de energia para sobrevivência.
Inhibitory Effect of Hydroxysafflor Yellow B on the Proliferation of Human Breast Cancer MCF-7 Cells
Authors: Qu Chuanjun , Zhu Weiwei , Dong Kaijie , Pan Zhaohai , Chen Ying , Chen Xiaoyu , Liu Xiaona , Xu Wenjuan , Lin Haiyan , Zheng Qiusheng , Li Defang 
Published: May 2019

Background:A recent patent has been issued for hydroxysafflor yellow A (HSYA) as a drug to prevent blood circulation disorders. Hydroxysafflor yellow B (HSYB), an isomer of HSYA with antioxidative effects, has been isolated from the florets of Carthamus tinctorius. The effects of HSYB on the proliferation of cancer cells and its mechanism of action have not been investigated.Objective:The aims of this study were to investigate the anti-cancer effects and the molecular mechanism of HSYB for breast cancer MCF-7 cells.Methods:MTT assays and colony formation assays were used to assess the survival and proliferation of MCF-7 cells, respectively. Hoechst 33258 and flow cytometry were used to measure cell apoptosis and flow cytometry to determine effects on the cell cycle. Western blots were used to measure protein levels.Results:Treatment with HSYB reduced survival and proliferation of human breast cancer MCF-7 cells in a dose-dependent manner. Furthermore, HSYB arrested the MCF-7 cell cycle at the S phase and downregulated cyclin D1, cyclin E, and CDK2. Compared with a control group, HSYB suppressed the protein levels of p-PI3K, PI3K, AKT, and p-AKT in MCF-7 cells. In addition, HSYB decreased the levels of Bcl- 2, increased the levels of Bax, cleaved caspase-3 and caspase-9, and subsequently induced MCF-7 cell apoptosis.Conclusion:These data demonstrate that HSYB arrests the MCF-7 cell cycle at the S phase and induces cell apoptosis. Patent US20170246228 indicates that HSYB can be potentially used for the prevention and treatment of human breast cancer.
Incorporating Technology Into the iCook 4-H Program, a Cooking Intervention for Adults and Children: Randomized Controlled Trial
Authors: Colby Sarah , Moret Lauren , Olfert Melissa D , Kattelmann Kendra , Franzen-Castle Lisa , Riggsbee Kristin , Payne Magen , Ellington Ainsley , Springer Cary , Allison Chelsea , Wiggins Sa'Nealdra , Butler Rochelle , Mathews Douglas , White Adrienne A 
Published: May 2019

BackgroundFamilies who cook, eat, and play together have been found to have more positive health outcomes. Interventions are needed that effectively increase these health-related behaviors. Technology is often incorporated in health-related interventions but is not always independently assessed.ObjectiveThe objective of this study was to describe challenges and facilitators to incorporating technology into the iCook 4-H intervention program.MethodsDyads (n=228) composed of children (mean 9.4, SD 0.7 years old) and an adult primary meal preparer (mean 39.0, SD 8 years) were randomly assigned to a control (n=77) or treatment group (n=151). All treatment group dyads participated in 6 in-person sessions designed to increase families cooking, eating, and playing together. We incorporated Web-based between-session technological components related to the curriculum content throughout the intervention. Assessments were completed by both groups at baseline and at 4, 12, and 24 months; they included measured anthropometrics for children, and online surveys about camera and website skill and use for dyads. Session leaders and participants completed open-ended process evaluations after each session about technological components. We computed chi-square analysis for sex differences in technological variables. We tested relationships between video posting frequency and outcomes of interest (cooking frequency, self-efficacy, and skills; dietary intake; and body mass index) with Spearman correlations. Process evaluations and open-ended survey responses were thematically analyzed for beneficial and inhibiting factors, including technological components in the curriculum.ResultsOnly 78.6% (81/103) of children and 68.3% (71/104) of adults reported always being comfortable accessing the internet postintervention. Boys reported being more comfortable than girls with technological tasks (P<.05). Children who posted more videos had a higher level of cooking skills at 4 months postintervention (r=.189, P=.05). Barriers to website usage reported most frequently by children were lack of accessibility, remembering, interactivity, motivation, time, and lack of parental encouragement.ConclusionsIncorporating technological supports, such as cameras and websites, into children’s programs may help produce improved outcomes. Identifying barriers to and patterns of technology usage need to be considered when developing future child health promotion interventions.Trial RegistrationISRCTN Registry ISRCTN54135351; https://www.isrctn.com/ISRCTN54135351
Understanding the Use and Perceived Impact of a Medical Podcast: Qualitative Study
Authors: Malecki Sarah L , Quinn Kieran L , Zilbert Nathan , Razak Fahad , Ginsburg Shiphra , Verma Amol A , Melvin Lindsay 
Published: May 2019

Background
Although podcasts are increasingly being produced for medical education, their use and perceived impact in informal educational settings are understudied.

Objective
This study aimed to explore how and why physicians and medical learners listen to The Rounds Table (TRT), a medical podcast, as well as to determine the podcast’s perceived impact on learning and practice.

Methods
Web-based podcast analytics were used to collect TRT usage statistics. A total of 17 medical TRT listeners were then identified and interviewed through purposive and convenience sampling, using a semistructured guide and a thematic analysis, until theoretical sufficiency was achieved.

Results
The following four themes related to podcast listenership were identified: (1) participants thought that TRT increased efficiency, allowing them to multitask, predominantly using mobile listening platforms; (2) participants listened to the podcast for both education and entertainment, or “edutainment”; (3) participants thought that the podcast helped them keep up to date with medical literature; and (4) participants considered TRT to have an indirect effect on learning and clinical practice by increasing overall knowledge.

Conclusions
Our results highlight how a medical podcast, designed for continuing professional development, is often used informally to promote learning. These findings enhance our understanding of how and why listeners engage with a medical podcast, which may be used to inform the development and evaluation of other podcasts.
Proceso de vivir con diabetes tipo 2 de la persona y familia: una Teoría Fundamentada.
Authors: Zenteno López Miguel Angel , Carreón Lozano Teresa , Martínez Villanueva Claudia , García Solano Beatríz , García Madrid Guillermina 
Published: May 2019

<p class="p1"><strong><em>Introducción. </em></strong><em>La DT2 es uno de los problemas más importantes de todo el mundo, afecta a la persona de forma física, social, económica, psicológica y espiritual. La DT2 debe ser estudiada de forma continua, no sólo de forma física sino desde la perspectiva que tiene la persona del proceso de vivir con diabetes. </em><strong><em>Objetivo: </em></strong><em>Conocer el proceso de vivir con DT2 en personas de una zona urbana con seguridad de salud pública. </em><strong><em>Metodología. </em></strong><em>Estudio cualitativo con base en teoría fundamentada, se obtuvo autorización del comité de ética de una institución de salud de primer nivel del Estado de Puebla, se realizaron seis entrevistas a profundidad a tres hombres y tres mujeres que aceptaran participar, se siguieron los criterios de rigor por Streubert y Carpenter. </em><strong><em>Hallazgos. </em></strong><em>Los resultados obtenidos emergieron de la categoría central: “Adaptación a la DM2” y cuatro categorías que la sustentan: 1. Soporte familiar; 2. Economía de la persona y la familia; 3. Aspectos laborales; 4. Apoyo espiritual, y como resultado de la interacción entre el investigador y la literatura. </em><strong><em>Discusión. </em></strong><em>El soporte de la familia, la perspectiva económica, laboral y el apoyo espiritual de la persona, son factores importantes a considerar en el proceso de las personas con DT2; siendo considerados al momento de realizar intervenciones de salud para el control del padecimiento. </em><strong><em>Conclusiones. </em></strong><em>Se logró la aproximación a una teoría sustantiva de forma descriptiva al mencionar que la adaptación de la persona con DT2 se relaciona con el soporte de su familia y apego a su espiritualidad.<span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span></em></p>
Evolución histórica de la Universidad de las Tunas, desde la perspectiva extensionista
Authors: Batista de los Ríos Dagneris , Sánchez Bustos Cristina 
Published: May 2019

El tríptico misional de la Universidad: formación, investigación y extensión, debe satisfacer y dar respuesta a las necesidades de la sociedad así como a ella misma. En el presente trabajo se propicia un bosquejo a la evolución histórica de las Universidades en el mundo, Cuba y finalmente Las Tunas, desde la perspectiva extensionista. Se muestra el tránsito de la Universidad de Las Tunas Vladimir Ilih Lenin por varios períodos hasta convertirse en la actualidad en una institución que tiene como máxima premisa la de organizar, fomentar y realizar actividades para promover cultura en su más amplia concepción, la consolidación de valores, formación política-ideológica desde varias aristas, la afirmación de la identidad del individuo en varios espacios, el rescate de las tradiciones, todo como parte de la formación de una cultura general integral en la comunidad universitaria y de los futuros profesionales.
Reseña de El libro de la universidad imaginada. Hacia una universidad situada entre el buen lugar y ningún lugar, coordinado por Eduardo Ibarra Colado y Luis Porter Galetar
Authors: Estrada-Danell Rafael Isaac 
Published: May 2019

Este trabajo presenta, a manera de reseña, una serie de reflexiones en torno a la obra El libro de la universidad imaginada. Con esto se pretende abonar a la comprensión de la obra e invitar a la lectura del innovador texto sobre la universidad del futuro. En primer lugar se hace una introducción a la obra, para posteriormente presentar algunos comentarios en tres aspectos centrales, 1) la organización del libro, 2) el sitio entre el buen lugar y ningún lugar y 3) las reflexiones finales de la obra.
Brugia malayi dan Dirofilaria spp sebagai penyebab Filariasis pada hewan reservoir di daerah endemis di Kalimantan
Authors: Andiarsa Dicky , Hairani Budi , Fadilly Abdullah 
Published: May 2019

Abstrak. Penyakit limfatik filariasis dan dirofilariasis berpotensi zoonosis di Indonesia. Kurangnya data tentang dirofilariasis pada manusia dan hewan menjadi dasar alasan dilakukannya studi ini menggunakan metode studi observasional dengan desain potong lintang. Sebanyak 201 hewan reservoir digunakan pada penelitian ini, yaitu kucing rumah (Felis catus), lutung (Presbytis cristatus), monyet ekor panjang (Macaca fascicularis), kucing hutan (Felis silvestris) dan anjing (Canis familiaris) di dua daerah endemis filariasis, yaitu Kabupaten Hulu Sungai Utara (HSU) dan Kabupaten Kotawaringin Barat (KOBAR), Kalimantan. Pengambilan darah hewan melalui vena dilakukan pada malam hari. Keberadaan mikrofilaria dalam darah dideteksi melalui preparat ulas darah tebal dan tipis. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa 21% dan 28,7% hewan reservoir di Kabupaten HSU dan KOBAR secara berurutan terinfeksi mikrofilaria. Hewan domestikasi yang terinfeksi mikrofilaria lebih banyak dibandingkan dengan hewan liar. Berdasarkan agen penyebabnya, Dirofilaria spp. (20,89%) lebih dominan menginfeksi hewan reservoir, diikuti dengan Brugia malayi (2,48%). Infeksi campuran diperoleh dari 1,49% hewan reservoir. Hasil ini mengindikasikan bahwa hewan reservoir di kedua kabupaten tersebut berpotensi sebagai sumber penularan filariasis, sekaligus sebagai sumber agen zoonosis pada kasus dirofilariasis. Pemantauan secara rutin dan terintegrasi serta kolaborasi antar stake holder lintas program harus terus dilakukan untuk memutus mata rantai penularan filariasis dan menghambat terjadinya penularan zoonosis dari dirofilariasis.
Effect of Immediate Dentin Sealing and Surface Conditioning on the Microtensile Bond Strength of Resin-based Composite to Dentin
Authors: van den Breemer CRG , Özcan M , Cune MS , Ayres AP Almeida , Van Meerbeek B , Gresnigt MMM 
Published: May 2019

SUMMARY
This study evaluated the microtensile bond strength (μTBS) of resin-based composite (RBC) to dentin after different immediate dentin sealing (IDS) strategies and surface-conditioning (SC) methods and on two water storage times. Human molars (n=48) were randomly divided into eight experimental groups involving four different IDS strategies—IDS-1L with one layer of adhesive, IDS-2L with two layers of adhesive, IDS-F with one layer of adhesive and one layer of flowable RBC, and DDS (delayed dentin sealing) with no layer of adhesive (control)—and two different SC methods—SC-P with pumice rubbing and SC-PC with pumice rubbing followed by tribochemical silica coating. The μTBS test was performed after one week and after six months of water storage, being recorded as the “immediate” and “aged” μTBS, respectively. Composite-adhesive-dentin microspecimens (0.9×0.9×8–9 mm) were stressed in tension until failure to determine the μTBS. Failure mode and location of failure were categorized. Two-way analysis of variance was applied to analyze the data for statistically significant differences between the experimental groups (p&lt;0.05). Two-way analysis of variance revealed no significant differences between the one-week μTBS specimens for IDS strategy (p=0.087) and SC methods (p=0.806). However, the interaction of IDS strategy and SC methods appeared statistically significant (p=0.016). The six-month specimen evaluation showed no significant difference in μTBS for SC (p=0.297) and SC/IDS interaction (p=0.055), but the μTBS of the IDS strategies differed significantly among them (p=0.003). For tribochemical silica-coated IDS, no significant effect of aging on μTBS was recorded (p=0.465), but there was a highly significant difference in μTBS depending on the IDS strategy (p&lt;0.001). In addition, the interaction of IDS and aging was borderline statistically significant (p=0.045). The specimens failed mainly at the adhesive-dentin interface for all experimental groups. Dentin exposure during clinical procedures for indirect restorations benefits from the application of IDS, which was shown to result in higher bond strength. No significant differences were found between cleaning with solely pumice or pumice followed by tribochemical silica coating.
Enkephalinase activity is modified and correlates with fatty acids in frontal cortex depending on fish, olive or coconut oil used in the diet
Authors: Segarra Ana B. , Prieto Isabel , Martinez-Canamero Magdalena , Ruiz-Sanz Jose-Ignacio , Ruiz-Larrea M. Begona , De Gasparo Marc , Banegas Inmaculada , Zorad Stefan , Ramirez-Sanchez Manuel 
Published: May 2019

Abstract

Objective. Enkephalins are neuropeptides involved in functions such as pain modulation and/ or cognitive processes. It has been reported that dietary fat modifies enkephalins in the brain. Since enkephalins are hydrolyzed by enkephalinases, the study of the influence of dietary fats, differing in their degree of saturation, on brain fatty acids content and enkephalinase activity is important to understand its regulatory role on neuropeptides under different type of diets.

Methods. We analyzed enkephalinase activity, assayed with alanine-β-naphthylamide as sub-strate, in frontal cortex of adult male rats fed diets supplemented with fish oil, olive oil or coconut oil, which markedly differed in the saturation of their fatty acids.

Results. Rats fed a diet enriched with coconut oil had lower soluble enkephalinase activity than the group fed olive oil (p<0.01) and fish oil (p<0.05) whereas rats fed a diet enriched with fish oil had lower membrane-bound enkephalinase activity than the group fed with olive (p<0.001) or coconut oil (p<0.05). Significant negative correlations were observed between certain fatty acids and enkephalinase activities in the groups fed with olive and coconut oils. No correlations were observed in the group fed with fish oil.

Conclusions. Dietary fat modifies enkephalinase activity in the frontal cortex depending on the degree of saturation of the used oil. It is postulated that the functions, in which enkephalins are involved, such as pain modulation or cognitive functions, may also be affected according to the type of oil used in the diet.