bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Experimental, DFT Studies and Biological Evaluation of S‐methyl‐β‐N‐(3‐(2‐nitrophenyl)allylidene)dithiocarbazate
Authors: Bhat Rayees A. , Kumar D. , Srivastava Anurag , Mir Bilal A. , Malla Manzoor A. , Bhat Muzzaffar A. , Mir Muzzaffar A. 
Published: July 2018

AbstractS‐Methyl‐β‐N‐(3‐(2‐nitrophenyl)allylidene)dithiocarbazate (HL), Schiff base of S‐methyl dithiocarbazate, was synthesized by 1:1 condensation between S‐methyl dithiocarbazate and trans‐o‐Nitrocinnamaldehyde. It's in‐vitro cytotoxicity is assayed against two habitually infection causing bacteria strains including gram‐positive Staphylococcus aureus and gram‐negative Escherichia coli for antibacterial activity. The results showed appreciable biological activity and the activity increased with increase in concentration. This nitrogen‐sulfur based Schiff base (HL) was characterized by Mass, FT‐IR, 1H‐NMR, 13C‐NMR, Raman, and UV‐Vis spectroscopic techniques. Theoretical quantum chemical calculation has been performed using DFT in combination with B3LYP exchange correlation functional and 6‐311++ G (d, p) basis sets level. The computed parameters were: Chemical potential of compound (μ) −0.174 eV, HOMO‐LUMO energy gap −0.11093 eV, chemical hardness (ɳ) −0.055 eV, softness (S) 2.164 eV, ionization energy (IE) −0.23026 eV, electron affinity (EA) −0.11933 eV, the electronegativity (EN) 0.174 eV, dipole moment (D) 1.3383 Debye and relative stabilization energy −1536.982 eV. In the theoretical FT‐IR spectrum analysis 81 fundamental vibrational modes has be observed because of non‐linear structure of HL, with potential energy distribution percentage (PED%) by using VEDA‐4 (Vibrational energy distribution analysis) software. Theoretically calculated parameters like 1H‐NMR, 13C‐NMR, FT‐IR, UV‐VIS, Raman, electrostatic potential and HOMO‐LUMO energy gap were in conformity with experimental results.
Ni@NiO Nanowires on Nickel Foam Prepared via “Acid Hungry” Strategy: High Supercapacitor Performance and Robust Electrocatalysts for Water Splitting Reaction
Authors: Sun Haohao , Ma Zhuo , Qiu Yunfeng , Liu Hong , Gao Guang‐gang 
Published: July 2018

AbstractNi/NiO core–shell nanowires on nickel foam (NF) are successfully synthesized using an “acid‐hungry” strategy. The 3D electrode with large accessible active sites and improved conductivity, possesses an optimized ionic and electronic transport path during electrochemical processes. High areal capacitance of 1.65 F cm−2 is obtained at an ultrahigh current density of 100 mA cm−2, which is 19.88 times higher than pristine NF. The direct growth of nanowires makes the present supercapacitor electrode robust for long‐term cycling test. By virtue of the favorable hydrogen adsorption energies on Ni0 and OHads energy on NiO or NiOOH, the 3D electrode exhibits high performance in hydrogen evolution reaction with 146 mV at and Tafel value of 72 mV dec−1, and oxygen evolution reaction with 382 mV at and Tafel value of 103 mV dec−1 in 1 m KOH. An electrolyzer using 3D electrodes as both anode and cathode can yield a current density of 10 mA cm−2 at 1.71 V, and possesses superior long‐term stability to an electrolyzer consisting of Pt/C||Ir/C. The present work develops an effective and low‐cost method for the large‐scale fabrication of Ni/NiO core–shell nanowires on commercial NF, providing a promising candidate for supercapacitors, fuel cells, and electrocatalysis.
Controlled, Low‐Temperature Nanogap Propagation in Graphene Using Femtosecond Laser Patterning
Authors: Maurice Ange , Bodelot Laurence , Tay Beng Kang , Lebental Bérengère 
Published: July 2018

AbstractGraphene nanogap systems are promising research tools for molecular electronics, memories, and nanodevices. Here, a way to control the propagation of nanogaps in monolayer graphene during electroburning is demonstrated. A tightly focused femtosecond laser beam is used to induce defects in graphene according to selected patterns. It is shown that, contrary to the pristine graphene devices where nanogap position and shape are uncontrolled, the nanogaps in prepatterned devices propagate along the defect line created by the femtosecond laser. Using passive voltage contrast combined with atomic force microscopy, the reproducibility of the process with a 92% success rate over 26 devices is confirmed. Coupling in situ infrared thermography and finite element analysis yields a real‐time estimation of the device temperature during electrical loading. The controlled nanogap formation occurs well below 50 °C when the defect density is high enough. In the perspective of graphene‐based circuit fabrication, the availability of a cold electroburning process is critical to preserve the full circuit from thermal damage.
Reduction of DNA Folding by Ionic Liquids and Its Effects on the Analysis of DNA–Protein Interaction Using Solid‐State Nanopore
Authors: Jeong Ki‐Baek , Luo Ke , Lim Min‐Cheol , Jung Jong‐Yoon , Yu Jae‐Seok , Kim Ki‐Bum , Kim Young‐Rok 
Published: July 2018

AbstractDNA folding is not desirable for solid‐state nanopore techniques when analyzing the interaction of a biomolecule with its specific binding sites on DNA since the signal derived from the binding site could be buried by a large signal from the folding of DNA nearby. To resolve the problems associated with DNA folding, ionic liquids (ILs), which are known to interact with DNA through charge–charge and hydrophobic interactions are employed. 1‐n‐butyl‐3‐methylimidazolium chloride (C4mim) is found to be the most effective in lowering the incident of DNA folding during its translocation through solid‐state nanopores (4–5 nm diameter). The rate of folding signals from the translocation of DNA–C4mim is decreased by half in comparison to that from the control bare DNA. The conformational changes of DNA upon complexation with C4mim are further examined using atomic force microscopy, showing that the entanglement of DNA which is common in bare DNA is not observed when treated with C4mim. The stretching effect of C4mim on DNA strands improves the detection accuracy of nanopore for identifying the location of zinc finger protein bound to its specific binding site in DNA by lowering the incident of DNA folding.
Recent Advances toward High‐Efficiency Halide Perovskite Light‐Emitting Diodes: Review and Perspective
Authors: Van Le Quyet , Jang Ho Won , Kim Soo Young 
Published: July 2018

AbstractOrganic–inorganic halide perovskite materials have attracted significant attention during the last few years because of their superior properties for electronic and optoelectronic devices, such as their long charge‐carrier diffusion lengths and high photoluminescence quantum yields of up to 100% with tunable bandgaps over the entire visible spectral range. In addition to solar cells, light‐emitting diodes represent a fascinating application for halide perovskite materials. Here, the recent progress relating to halide perovskite LEDs is reviewed. The current strategies for improving the performance of halide LEDs, focusing on morphological engineering, dimensional engineering, compositional engineering, surface passivation, interfacial engineering, and the plasmonic effect are discussed. The challenges and perspectives for the future development of halide perovskite LEDs are also considered.
Clarifying cognitive control and the controllable connectome
Authors: Medaglia John D. 
Published: July 2018

Cognitive control researchers aim to describe the processes that support adaptive cognition to achieve specific goals. Control theorists consider how to influence the state of systems to reach certain user‐defined goals. In brain networks, some conceptual and lexical similarities between cognitive control and control theory offer appealing avenues for scientific discovery. However, these opportunities also come with the risk of conceptual confusion. Here, I suggest that each field of inquiry continues to produce novel and distinct insights. Then, I describe opportunities for synergistic research at the intersection of these subdisciplines with a critical stance that reduces the risk of conceptual confusion. Through this exercise, we can observe that both cognitive neuroscience and systems engineering have much to contribute to cognitive control research in human brain networks.This article is categorized under:
Neuroscience > Cognition
Computer Science > Neural Networks
Neuroscience > Clinical Neuroscience
Establishing the teratogenicity of Zika and evaluating causal criteria
Authors: Williamson Jon 
Published: July 2018

AbstractThe teratogenicity of the Zika virus was considered established in 2016, and is an interesting case because three different sets of causal criteria were used to assess teratogenicity. This paper appeals to the thesis of Russo and Williamson (Int Stud Philos Sci 21(2):157–170, 2007) to devise an epistemological framework that can be used to compare and evaluate sets of causal criteria. The framework can also be used to decide when enough criteria are satisfied to establish causality. Arguably, the three sets of causal criteria considered here offer only a rudimentary assessment of mechanistic studies, and some suggestions are made as to alternative ways to establish causality.
N‐methyl‐D‐aspartate receptor–mediated calcium influx connects amyloid‐β oligomers to ectopic neuronal cell cycle reentry in Alzheimer's disease
Authors: Kodis Erin J. , Choi Sophie , Swanson Eric , Ferreira Gonzalo , Bloom George S. 
Published: July 2018

AbstractIntroductionAlzheimer's disease (AD) symptoms reflect synaptic dysfunction and neuron death. Amyloid‐β oligomers (AβOs) induce excess calcium entry into neurons via N‐methyl‐D‐aspartate receptors (NMDARs), contributing to synaptic dysfunction. The study described here tested the hypothesis that AβO‐stimulated calcium entry also drives neuronal cell cycle reentry (CCR), a prelude to neuron death in AD.MethodsPharmacologic modulators of calcium entry and gene expression knockdown were used in cultured neurons and AD model mice.ResultsIn cultured neurons, AβO‐stimulated CCR was blocked by NMDAR antagonists, total calcium chelation with 1,2‐Bis(2‐aminophenoxy)ethane‐N,N,N′,N′‐tetraacetic acid tetrakis(acetoxymethyl ester) (BAPTA‐AM), or knockdown of the NMDAR subunit, NR1. NMDAR antagonists also blocked the activation of calcium‐calmodulin‐dependent protein kinase II and treatment of Tg2576 AD model mice with the NMDAR antagonist, memantine, prevented CCR.DiscussionThis study demonstrates a role for AβO‐stimulated calcium influx via NMDAR and CCR in AD and suggests the use of memantine as a disease‐modifying therapy for presymptomatic AD.
Clinical Characteristics of the 2013 Haiyan Typhoon Victims Presenting to the Belgian First Aid and Support Team
Authors: van Berlaer Gerlant , de Jong Frank , Das Timothy , Gundran Carlos Primero , Samyn Matthijs , Gijs Geert , Buyl Ronald , Debacker Michel , Hubloue Ives 
Published: July 2018

AbstractObjectiveIn 2013, the Philippines was struck by typhoon Haiyan, which damaged local hospitals and disrupted health care. The Belgian First Aid and Support Team erected a field hospital and water purification unit in Palo. This study aims to describe the diagnoses encountered and treatment provided.MethodsIn this cross-sectional study, medical records of 1267 field hospital patients were reviewed for gender, age, complaints, diagnoses, and management and referral information.ResultsAlmost 28% of the patients suffered from injury, but most presented with nonsurgical diseases (64%), particularly of respiratory (31%), dermatological (11%), and digestive (8%) origin. Only 53% presented with disaster-related pathology, and 59% showed signs of infection. Patients needed wound care (47%), pain relief (33%), or antibiotics (29%); 9% needed procedures, 8% needed fluid therapy, and 5% needed psychological support. Children under 5 years of age were more at risk for infections (OR, 18.8; CI, 10.6-33.3) and injuries (OR, 10.3; CI, 6.3-16.8). Males were more prone to injuries than females (OR, 2.1; CI, 1.6-2.6).ConclusionsOne week after the acute phase of a typhoon, respiratory, dermatological, and digestive problems emerge to the prejudice of trauma. Only 53% of patients presented with disaster-related conditions. Young children are more at risk for injury and infectious diseases. These trends should be anticipated when composing Emergency Medical Teams and medical resources to be sent to disaster sites. (Disaster Med Public Health Preparedness. 2019;13:265-278)
Comparison in intersectional discrimination
Authors: Atrey Shreya 
Published: July 2018

AbstractThis article considers the use of comparison in establishing multi-ground claims of intersectional discrimination. Leading examples of test cases from the US and the UK exemplify the challenges in using comparison to establish discrimination against Black women, based on the grounds of both race and sex. These challenges include: the insistence on using a single mirror comparator (viz white men) or the difficulties in choosing multiple comparators from a range of options (viz white women, Asian women, Black men, white men etc); the missing rationale for the selection; and the unwieldiness in actually appreciating the nature of intersectional discrimination based on this exercise. To overcome these, Canadian courts have relaxed the strict requirement of necessarily resorting to comparison for proving discrimination and switched to the flexible approach. However, in practice, flexible approach appears as fastidious as strict comparison in its selection and use of comparators. Thus, neither of the two approaches has been too helpful in supporting intersectional claims. The article argues that instead, a useful way of proving intersectional discrimination is to follow the South African approach of making comparisons contextually: (i) between all relevant comparators, identified in reference to one, some, and all of the grounds or personal characteristics; and (ii) sifting through comparative evidence with the purpose of establishing similar and different patterns of group disadvantage which characterise the nature of intersectional discrimination. This approach brings both principle and purpose to employing comparison and can be especially useful in appreciating intersectional discrimination as based on multiple grounds.
From Oysters to Cockles at Hjarnø Sund: Environmental and Subsistence Changes at a Danish Mesolithic Site
Authors: Larsen Johan S , Philippsen Bente , Skriver Claus , Astrup Peter M , Borup Per , Mannino Marcello A 
Published: July 2018

ABSTRACTArchaeological fieldwork at Hjarnø Sund in Horsens Fjord (eastern Jutland, Denmark) has explored an eroding Mesolithic shell midden. Its stratigraphy is characterized by two layers, containing marine mollusk taxa typically collected by Mesolithic hunter-gatherers for food. In the field, the lower layer appeared to be dominated by oysters (Ostrea edulis), while the upper one by cockles (Cerastoderma edule), which was confirmed by our zooarchaeological study. Accelerator mass spectrometry radiocarbon (AMS 14C) dating on shells and paired charcoal samples from the two layers indicate that these are chronologically consecutive (separated by as little as 0–163 yr [95.4%]) and that the oyster-to-cockle shift dated between ~5500–5300 and ~5300–5200 cal BC (around or just after the Kongemose/Ertebølle transition). The shell midden at Hjarnø Sund is, thus, one of the oldest-known in Denmark, demonstrating that intensive shellfish exploitation was a hallmark of the Ertebølle culture from its inception. Oyster-to-cockle shifts, thus, also occurred at times other than the Mesolithic–Neolithic Transition and may have been ultimately caused by local shoreline displacements, resulting from changes in sedimentation, possibly induced by drops in relative sea level.
De novo aortopathy and cardiovascular outcomes in paediatric liver transplant recipients
Authors: Huang James G. , Lim Terence , Quek Swee-Chye , Quak Seng-Hock , Aw Marion M. 
Published: July 2018

AbstractWith the increase in long-term survival of post-transplant children, there is a paradigm shift in the emphasis of post-transplant care. We describe de novo cardiovascular abnormalities, which occurred in otherwise asymptomatic paediatric liver transplant recipients, who received liver allografts between 1991 and 2014 at the National University Hospital, Singapore, detected during routine post-transplant monitoring. A total of 96 paediatric liver transplants were performed in 90 children. After transplant, 7/90 (7.8%) recipients were identified with new-onset aortopathy. Glycogen storage disease type I (42.9% versus 2.4%; p<0.001) and recipient Epstein-Barr virus seropositivity (85.7 versus 31.0%, p=0.004) were significant risk factors for aortopathy on univariate analysis. On multivariate analysis, only glycogen storage disease type I remained as the significant risk factor (odds ratio 51.3 [95% confidence intervals: 1.1–2498.1, p=0.047]). Liver transplant is a double-edged sword that reverses certain cardiopulmonary complications of end-stage liver disease but may induce de novo structural cardiac injury in the form of aortic dilation.
Creation of a defined and stable Fontan fenestration with the new Occlutech Atrial Flow Regulator (AFR®)
Authors: Lehner Anja , Schulze-Neick Ingram , Haas Nikolaus A. 
Published: July 2018

AbstractThis report describes the first clinical experience with the new Occlutech Atrial Flow Regulator (AFR®) device for implementation of a late Fontan fenestration. The AFR® device secured a defined diameter of the fenestration without spontaneous re-occlusion of this extra-anatomic perforation. This ensured a permanent clinical improvement of our failing Fontan patient.
Mahler and ‘The Newspaper Company’: A Newly Discovered Contract
Authors: Banks Paul 
Published: July 2018

In the early 1890s Mahler’s attempts to interest the German music publisher, B. Schott’s Söhne, in his large-scale works proved fruitless and the owner, Dr Ludwig Strecker, was content to publish a collection of songs, the 14 Lieder und Gesänge. Even for a major firm, with ample opportunity to use income from popular works to cross-subsidize more costly and risky ventures, the publication of new, innovative symphonies was unattractive. For Mahler one temporary solution emerged unexpectedly thanks to two Hamburg patrons who funded both the performance and publication of his Second Symphony.However, this was hardly a satisfactory arrangement, as no orchestral parts were printed, and it was only thanks to the intervention of an old friend, Guido Adler, that Mahler finally saw his first four symphonies, Das klagende Lied and the Wunderhorn songs, published in practical and performable editions. The firm that undertook this large-scale project was not primarily a music publisher at all, but a printing company, the Erste Wiener Zeitungs Gesellschaft, and until recently the details of its agreement with Mahler were unknown. With the discovery in 2014 of a manuscript draft of the firm’s contract with Mahler this important step in the dissemination of Mahler’s music can be better understood.The article presents a transcription and translation of the draft contract, and a commentary, drawing on other published and unpublished primary sources, that seeks to set the document in the wider contexts of the history of music publishing in Vienna and of the Erste Wiener Zeitungs Gesellschaft in particular, Austrian copyright legislation, and the publication of Mahler’s music.
The nature of spin excitations in the one-third magnetization plateau phase of Ba3CoSb2O9
Authors: Kamiya Y. , Ge L. , Hong Tao , Qiu Y. , Quintero-Castro D. L. , Lu Z. , Cao H. B. , Matsuda M. , Choi E. S. , Batista C. D. , Mourigal M. , Zhou H. D. , Ma J. 
Published: July 2018

AbstractMagnetization plateaus in quantum magnets—where bosonic quasiparticles crystallize into emergent spin superlattices—are spectacular yet simple examples of collective quantum phenomena escaping classical description. While magnetization plateaus have been observed in a number of spin-1/2 antiferromagnets, the description of their magnetic excitations remains an open theoretical and experimental challenge. Here, we investigate the dynamical properties of the triangular-lattice spin-1/2 antiferromagnet Ba3CoSb2O9 in its one-third magnetization plateau phase using a combination of nonlinear spin-wave theory and neutron scattering measurements. The agreement between our theoretical treatment and the experimental data demonstrates that magnons behave semiclassically in the plateau in spite of the purely quantum origin of the underlying magnetic structure. This allows for a quantitative determination of Ba3CoSb2O9 exchange parameters. We discuss the implication of our results to the deviations from semiclassical behavior observed in zero-field spin dynamics of the same material and conclude they must have an intrinsic origin.
Ultrathin and multicolour optical cavities with embedded metasurfaces
Authors: Shaltout Amr M. , Kim Jongbum , Boltasseva Alexandra , Shalaev Vladimir M. , Kildishev Alexander V. 
Published: July 2018

AbstractOver the past years, photonic metasurfaces have demonstrated their remarkable and diverse capabilities in advanced control over light propagation. Here, we demonstrate that these artificial films of deeply subwavelength thickness also offer new unparalleled capabilities in decreasing the overall dimensions of integrated optical systems. We propose an original approach of embedding a metasurface inside an optical cavity—one of the most fundamental optical elements—to drastically scale-down its thickness. By modifying the Fabry–Pérot interferometric principle, this methodology is shown to reduce the metasurface-based nanocavity thickness below the conventional λ/(2n) minimum. In addition, the nanocavities with embedded metasurfaces can support independently tunable resonances at multiple bands. As a proof-of-concept, using nanostructured metasurfaces within 100-nm nanocavities, we experimentally demonstrate high spatial resolution colour filtering and spectral imaging. The proposed approach can be extrapolated to compact integrated optical systems on-a-chip such as VCSEL’s, high-resolution spatial light modulators, imaging spectroscopy systems, and bio-sensors.
Adolescent alcohol exposure epigenetically regulates CREB signaling in the adult amygdala
Authors: Zhang Huaibo , Kyzar Evan J. , Bohnsack John Peyton , Kokare Dadasaheb M. , Teppen Tara , Pandey Subhash C. 
Published: July 2018

AbstractBinge alcohol drinking in adolescence leads to increased risk for alcohol use and other psychiatric disorders in adulthood. The transcription factor cAMP-response element binding (CREB) protein is involved in the neuronal response to adult ethanol exposure, but its role in the enduring effects of adolescent alcohol exposure in adulthood is unknown. We exposed male rats to adolescent intermittent ethanol (AIE) or saline (AIS) during post-natal days 28–41 and evaluated the epigenetic regulation of CREB dynamics in the adult amygdala. A subset of these adult rats was exposed to an acute ethanol challenge. AIE decreased CREB, phosphorylated CREB, CREB-binding protein (CBP) and p300 protein levels in adult amygdaloid brain structures. AIE exposure also causes deficits in Creb1, Cbp, and p300 mRNA expression in the amygdala of AIE adult rats which are normalized after acute ethanol exposure. Interestingly, occupancy of acetylated histone H3K9/14 proteins at specific locations in the Creb1, Cbp, and p300 gene promoter regions was decreased in the amygdala of AIE adult rats and was normalized by acute ethanol exposure. These results suggest that AIE exposure epigenetically reduces CREB and other related transcriptional activators in the amygdala in adulthood that may be associated with the behavioral effects of adolescent alcohol exposure.