bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Colours and colour vision in reef fishes: Past, present and future research directions
Authors: Marshall N. Justin , Cortesi Fabio , de Busserolles Fanny , Siebeck Uli E. , Cheney Karen L. 
Published: October 2018

Many fishes, both freshwater or marine, have colour vision that may outperform humans. As a result, to understand the behavioural tasks that vision enables; including mate choice, feeding, agonistic behaviour and camouflage, we need to see the world through a fish's eye. This includes quantifying the variable light environment underwater and its various influences on vision. As well as rapid loss of light with depth, light attenuation underwater limits visual interaction to metres at most and in many instances, less than a metre. We also need to characterize visual sensitivities, fish colours and behaviours relative to both these factors. An increasingly large set of techniques over the past few years, including improved photography, submersible spectrophotometers and genetic sequencing, have taken us from intelligent guesswork to something closer to sensible hypotheses. This contribution to the special edition on the Ecology of Fish Senses under a shifting environment first reviews our knowledge of fish colour vision and visual ecology, past, present and very recent, and then goes on to examine how climate change may impinge on fish visual capability. The review is limited to mostly colour vision and to mostly reef fishes. This ignores a large body of work, both from other marine environments and freshwater systems, but the reef contains examples of many of the challenges to vision from the aquatic environment. It is also a concentrate of life, perhaps the most specious and complex on earth, suffering now catastrophically from the consequences of our lack of action on climate change. A clear course of action to prevent destruction of this habitat is the need to spend more time in it, in the study of it and sharing it with those not fortunate enough to see coral reefs first‐hand.Sir David Attenborough on The Great Barrier Reef: “Do we really care so little about the Earth upon which we live that we don't wish to protect one of its greatest wonders from the consequences of our behaviours?”
Application of pectin‐alginate and pectin‐alginate‐laurolyl arginate ethyl coatings to eliminate Salmonella enteritidis cross contamination in egg shells
Authors: De Leo Riccardo , Quartieri Andrea , Haghighi Hossein , Gigliano Silvia , Bedin Elisa , Pulvirenti Andrea 
Published: October 2018

Abstract
This study highlights the potential application of pectin‐alginate blend (PA) and pectin‐alginate‐LAE blend (PAL) coatings to eliminate Salmonella enteriditis 10,118 cross‐contamination without changing the shelf‐life of fresh eggs and their physico‐chemical properties during storage at 7 °C for 42 days. Egg shells were dipped in a solution of Salmonella enteritidis 10,118 with a concentration of 7 x 106 cfu/ml to assess Salmonella cross‐contamination. PA and PAL coatings did not have a significant effect on shelf‐life based on physico‐chemical properties. The egg shells treated with PA and PAL coatings had a significantly lower microbial population compared to the uncoated egg shells. PA and PAL coatings effectively inhibited the growth of Salmonella after 1 and 7 days of storage, respectively. In addition, no outgrowth was observed up to 42 days.Practical applications
This study highlights the results of coating applications on eggs to enhance food safety. In the food industry, the only technology applied to eggs is brushing, however, this technique does not eliminate the safety risks such as Salmonella and other pathogenic bacteria. The coating enhances the shelf‐life of eggs and their safety in terms of human consumption, by blocking the horizontal cross‐contamination. Our results can be integrated with other studies to bring this technology from the lab to the egg industry.
Single probiotic supplement suppresses colitis‐associated colorectal tumorigenesis by modulating inflammatory development and microbial homeostasis
Authors: Rong Jingjing , Liu Shuzhan , Hu Chao , Liu Chen 
Published: October 2018

AbstractBackground and AimChronic inflammation is a major contributor to the initiation and progression of cancers. Lactobacillus helveticus NS8, which was originally separated from fermented koumiss, exhibited anti‐inflammatory functions in our prior studies. In this study, NS8 was investigated for its potential to prevent colitis‐associated colorectal cancer (CAC).MethodsThe protective effects of NS8 against CAC was explored by employing the azoxymethane plus dextran sodium sulfate‐induced carcinogenesis mouse model. The prevalences of T cells expressing specific inflammatory cytokines were measured by flow cytometry at the early stage of CAC. Inflammatory modulation by NS8 was also tested in the Caco2‐Raw264.7 cell co‐culture system. The alternations in the intestinal microbiota following the health–inflammation–cancer sequence were analyzed by 16S rDNA sequencing.ResultsOral intake of NS8 lactobacilli clearly reduced tumor number and the degree of hyperplasia. The increased proliferation of enterocytes at the early stage of CAC was significantly suppressed by NS8, while the level of apoptosis was elevated. The anticancer effects of NS8 were associated with its anti‐colitis outcomes before tumor formation. NS8 significantly suppressed the activation of NF‐κB and upregulated the anti‐inflammatory cytokine IL‐10. Further analysis revealed the marked downregulation of IL‐17‐producing T cells by NS8. Furthermore, NS8 modulated intestinal dysbiosis by promoting beneficial commensal microbes while suppressing cancer‐associated microbes. Notably, Bacteroides acidifaciens was the most sensitive commensal bacteria to NS8 intervention.ConclusionThese results provide insight into the protective effects of L. helveticus NS8 against colorectal cancer.
Circulating inflammation‐related markers and advanced gastric premalignant lesions
Authors: Song Minkyo , Rabkin Charles S , Torres Javier , Kemp Troy J , Zabaleta Jovanny , Pinto Ligia A , Hildesheim Allan , Sánchez‐Figueroa Luz , Guarner Jeannette , Herrera‐Goepfert Roberto , Parsonnet Julie , Camargo Maria Constanza 
Published: October 2018

AbstractBackground and AimChronic Helicobacter pylori infection causes gastric mucosal inflammation as an important antecedent of gastric cancer. We aimed to evaluate associations of blood markers of inflammation with gastric intestinal metaplasia and dysplasia in H. pylori‐infected individuals.MethodsWe compared pre‐treatment serum levels of immune‐related and inflammation‐related markers between 99 individuals with intestinal metaplasia or dysplasia and 75 control individuals with non‐atrophic gastritis within an H. pylori eradication trial in Mexico. Serum levels of 28 markers measured with Luminex bead‐based assays were categorized in tertiles as low (T1), middle (T2), and high (T3). Logistic regression models were used to calculate age‐adjusted and sex‐adjusted odds ratios and 95% confidence intervals. All statistical tests were two‐sided, and significance values were adjusted for multiple comparisons using false discovery rate methods.ResultsFive markers were nominally associated (Ptrend < 0.05) with the presence of advanced premalignant gastric lesions. Adjusted odds ratios (95% confidence interval) of T2 and T3 versus T1 were 4.09 (1.65–10.17) and 3.08 (1.23–7.68) for CCL3/MIP1A, 3.21 (1.33–7.75) and 2.69 (1.10–6.57) for CCL20/MIP3A levels, 1.79 (0.77–4.18) and 2.39 (1.02–5.60) for IL‐1β, 1.34 (0.56–3.19) and 3.02 (1.29–7.12) for IL‐4, and 1.07 (0.44–2.59) and 3.07 (1.32–7.14) for IL‐5, respectively. Two (IL‐4 and IL‐5) of the five markers had false discovery rate adjusted Ptrend < 0.2.ConclusionsOur results suggest that certain Th2 and other cytokines may have a role in promoting carcinogenesis in the setting of H. pylori infection. Additional research is needed to replicate these findings, extend to pre‐diagnostic samples, and elucidate the underlying mechanisms.
Cognition and Vitamin D in Older African‐American Women– Physical performance and Osteoporosis prevention with vitamin D in older African Americans Trial and Dementia
Authors: Owusu Jeanette E. , Islam Shahidul , Katumuluwa Subhashini S. , Stolberg Alexandra R. , Usera Gianina L. , Anwarullah Ayesha A. , Shieh Albert , Dhaliwal Ruban , Ragolia Louis , Mikhail Mageda B. , Aloia John F. 
Published: October 2018

OBJECTIVESTo examine the effect of 25‐hydroxyvitamin D (25(OH)D) levels recommended by Endocrine Society guidelines (>30 ng/mL) on cognition in healthy older African‐American women over 3 years.DESIGNRandomized, double‐blind, placebo‐controlled clinical trial.SETTINGBone Mineral Research Center at New York University Winthrop Hospital.PARTICIPANTSHealthy postmenopausal African American women aged 65 and older (N=260; mean age 68.2 ± 4.9; 46% college education or higher).INTERVENTIONHalf of the women were randomized to receive vitamin D (adjusted to achieve a serum level > 30 ng/mL) with calcium (diet and supplement total of 1,200 mg), and half were randomized to receive placebo with calcium (1,200 mg).MEASUREMENTSCognitive assessments every 6 months using the Mini‐Mental State Examination (MMSE) to detect cognitive decline. Mean MMSE scores were calculated over time for both groups. Those with MMSE scores less than 21 at baseline were excluded.RESULTSThe average dose of vitamin D3 was 3,490 ± 1,465 IU per day, and average serum 25(OH)D at 3 years was 46.8 ± 1.2 ng/mL in the active group and 20.7 ± 1.1 ng/mL in the placebo group. Serum 25(OH)D concentration was maintained at greater than 30 ng/mL in 90% of the active group. Over the 3‐year period, MMSE scores increased in both groups (p < .001), although change over time was not significantly different between the groups. No adverse events associated with vitamin D were observed.CONCLUSIONThere was no difference in cognition over time between older African‐American women with serum concentrations of 25(OH)D of 30 ng/mL and greater than those taking placebo. There is no evidence to support vitamin D intake greater than the recommended daily allowance in this population for preventing cognitive decline. J Am Geriatr Soc 67:81–86, 2019.
Weak Grip Strength and Cognition Predict Functional Limitation in Older Europeans
Authors: Wang Tong , Wu Yili , Li Weilong , Li Suyun , Sun Yanping , Li Shuxia , Zhang Dongfeng , Tan Qihua 
Published: October 2018

ObjectivesTo estimate the effects of baseline grip strength and cognition on the trajectory of functional limitation over time.DesignLongitudinal study of older adults participating in the Survey of Health, Ageing and Retirement in Europe (SHARE).SettingUrban and rural households in 11 European countries and Israel.ParticipantsIndividuals aged 50 and older from SHARE (2004–2015) (N=14,073; 52.5% female).MeasurementsOutcomes were functional limitation scores from five panel wave. Main exposure variables were grip strength and cognitive measures including memory, verbal fluency, and numeracy at baseline. Basic demographic characteristics, life habits, and health status were considered as potential confounders. Mixed‐effect linear regression models were fitted.ResultsFunctional limitation increased significantly over time (follow‐up range 0.9–11.6 years) (β = 0.051, P < .001). Mixed‐effect linear regression models identified significant interactions between grip strength (β = −0.001, P < .001), numeracy (β = −0.012, P < .001), verbal fluency (β = −0.003, P < .001), word recall (β = −0.006, P < .001) and time on functional limitation.ConclusionStronger baseline grip strength and better cognition predicted a slower rate of increase in functional limitation over time in older adults. Grip strength and cognitive function appeared to be useful indicators of the functional limitation process and attested to their value in monitoring functional change in European older adults. J Am Geriatr Soc 67:93–99, 2019.
Alternative healthy eating index and risk of hip fracture: a systematic review and dose–response meta‐analysis
Authors: Panahande B. , Sadeghi A. , Parohan M. 
Published: October 2018

AbstractBackgroundA high adherence to healthy dietary patterns, such as an alternative healthy eating index (AHEI), has been suggested to have protective effects on bone mineral density and to decrease the incidence of fractures, although the evidence for this is not clear. We conducted a dose–response meta‐analysis of available observational studies aiming to assess the association between adherence to a healthy dietary pattern, as assessed by the AHEI score, and risk of hip fracture in the general population.MethodsStudies published up to March 2018 were identified on the basis of a literature search in PubMed, Scopus and ISI Web of Science databases using Mesh and non‐Mesh relevant keywords. Relative risks (RRs) with 95% confidence intervals (CIs), the linear and nonlinear relationships were calculated using random‐effects models.ResultsIn the meta‐analysis of five effect sizes, as obtained from four studies (265 771 participants with 6938 cases of incident hip fracture), we found that a higher AHEI score was associated with a 31% reduced risk of hip fracture (pooled RR = 0.69; 95% CI = 0.52–0.91) in high versus low intake meta‐analysis. In addition, there were inverse relationships between AHEI score and risk of hip fracture, such that a five‐unit increase in the score of AHEI was associated with a reduction in the risk of hip fracture in linear (pooled RR = 0.97; 95% CI = 0.95–0.99) and nonlinear (Pnonlinearity < 0.001) models, respectively.ConclusionsAdherence to the AHEI (as an indicator of diet quality) was associated with a reduced risk of hip fracture.
Perfume and Planes: Ignorance and Imagination in Haiti's Vetiver Oil Industry
Authors: Freeman Scott 
Published: October 2018

RezimeNan atik sa a, nou analize pwodiksyon lwil vetivè ak de lòt fenomèn nan sidwès Dayiti: mank enfòmasyon sou endistri vetivè a, ak imajinè ki fèt sou sa endistri a pwodwi. Plantè vetivè konn kiltive zèb la pou yo vann rasin nan izin ki pwodwi lwil esansyèl pou pafen ak savon. Epoutan, anpil kiltivatè vetivè sa yo pa konnen kijan moun sèvi ak lwil la. Genyen kiltivatè ki menm kwe lwil vetivè fè avyon vole, men se pa vre. Nan atik sa a, nou konstate se fason pwodiksyon an fèt ki vin bay yon mank denfómasyon ak yon imajinè komodite. Genyen moun ki konprann vetivè kòm yon komodite ekspòtasyon ki ta kapab ede moun ki nan mizè. Men nou bay agiman si nou fikse plis sou aspè non‐materyèl, n a wè pi klè yon endistri ki ekstraktif e kache. [agrikilti, klas, ekonomi ekstraktif, imaginè, Ayiti, travay, mache, pafen, vetivè]
A Test of the Modigliani‐Miller Invariance Theorem and Arbitrage in Experimental Asset Markets
Authors: CHARNESS GARY , NEUGEBAUER TIBOR 
Published: October 2018

ABSTRACTModigliani and Miller show that the total market value of a firm is unaffected by a repackaging of asset return streams to equity and debt if pricing is arbitrage‐free. We investigate this invariance theorem in experimental asset markets, finding value‐invariance for assets of identical risks when returns are perfectly correlated. However, exploiting price discrepancies has risk when returns have the same expected value but are uncorrelated, in which case the law of one price is violated. Discrepancies shrink in consecutive markets, but persist even with experienced traders. In markets where overall trader acuity is high, assets trade closer to parity.
Assessing the Relationship between Atherosclerotic Cardiovascular Disease Risk Score and Carotid Artery Imaging Findings
Authors: Li Ying , Zhu Guangming , Ding Victoria , Huang Yonghua , Jiang Bin , Ball Robyn L. , Rodriguez Fatima , Fleischmann Dominik , Desai Manisha , Saloner David , Saba Luca , Hom Jason , Wintermark Max 
Published: October 2018

ABSTRACTBACKGROUND AND PURPOSETo characterize the relationship between computed tomography angiography (CTA) imaging characteristics of carotid artery and the 10‐year risk of atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease (ASCVD) score.METHODSWe retrospectively identified all patients who underwent a cervical CTA at our institution from January 2013 to July 2016, extracted clinical information, and calculated the 10‐year ASCVD score using the Pooled Cohort Equations from the 2013 ACC/AHA guidelines. We compared the imaging features of artery atherosclerosis derived from the CTAs between low and high risk.RESULTSOne hundred forty‐six patients met our inclusion criteria. Patients with an ASCVD score ≥7.5% (64.4%) had significantly more arterial stenosis than patients with an ASCVD score <7.5% (35.6%, P < .001). Maximal plaque thickness was significantly higher (mean 2.33 vs. .42 mm, P < .001) and soft plaques (55.3% vs. 13.5%, P < .001) were significantly more frequent in patients with an ASCVD score ≥7.5%. However, among patients with a 10‐year ASCVD score ≥7.5%, 33 (35.1%) had no arterial stenosis, 35 (37.2%) had a maximal plaque thickness less than. 9 mm, and 42 (44.7%) had no soft plaque. Furthermore, among the patients with a 10‐year ASCVD score <7.5%, 8 (15.4%) had some arterial stenosis, 8 (15.4%) had a maximal plaque thickness more than. 9 mm, and 7 (13.5%) had soft plaque.CONCLUSIONThere is some concordance but not a perfect overlap between the 10‐year ASCVD risk scores calculated from clinical and blood assessment and carotid artery imaging findings.
Prognostic factors in dogs with presumed degenerative mitral valve disease attending primary‐care veterinary practices in the United Kingdom
Authors: Mattin M. J. , Boswood A. , Church D. B. , Brodbelt D. C. 
Published: October 2018

BackgroundPrognostic risk factors were identified for dogs with degenerative mitral valve disease (DMVD) monitored by veterinary cardiologists. The value of these measurements has not been determined in the wider primary care setting.ObjectivesTo evaluate whether plasma cardiac biomarkers and data obtained from routine history‐taking and physical examination are predictive of survival in dogs with DMVD attending primary care practice.AnimalsEight‐hundred and ninety‐three dogs with a presumptive diagnosis of DMVD recruited from 79 primary care veterinary practices in the United Kingdom.MethodsProspective cohort study. Primary care veterinary practitioners recorded clinical data. Plasma N‐terminal pro B‐type natriuretic peptide (NT‐proBNP) and cardiac troponin I (cTnI) were measured at presentation. Cox regression models evaluated associations between risk factor variables and hazard of death (all‐cause mortality and cardiac‐related death). Flexible parametric models generated predicted survival probabilities for dogs with different combinations of prognostic risk factor variable values.ResultsDogs with higher NT‐proBNP and cTnI concentrations, higher heart rates, older dogs, females, and those reported to be exercise intolerant, dyspneic, and diagnosed with selected comorbidities had an increased hazard of death due to any cause. Dogs with higher concentrations of plasma biomarkers, higher heart rates, and heart murmur intensities, those with exercise intolerance and those receiving potent diuretics had a higher hazard of cardiac‐related death.Conclusions and Clinical ImportanceCardiac biomarkers and key clinical findings identified in this study can help primary care veterinary practitioners identify dogs with DMVD that are at highest risk of death.
Work schedules on lowland farms in southern New Zealand from the late colonial period to the 1930s
Authors: Holland Peter , Olson Sherry , Garden Chris 
Published: October 2018

AbstractDetails of two‐way flows of primary products, implements, labour, information and finance drawn from runs of farm diaries, stock and station agents’ records, and newspaper articles were used to analyse work schedules on three comparable properties between 1874 and 1930, and to track the development of mixed cropping and livestock farming in southern New Zealand when draught horses were giving way to either steam or internal combustion engines as the prime source of motive power. The earliest records are for two farms in the late 19th century, and the most recent are for a third property in the 1920s.
The impact of multicomponent weight management interventions on quality of life in adolescents affected by overweight or obesity: a meta‐analysis of randomized controlled trials
Authors: Murray M. , Pearson J. L. , Dordevic A. L. , Bonham M. P. 
Published: October 2018

SummaryAdolescents affected by overweight or obesity report similar quality of life to adolescents with cancer. While weight management is important for physiological outcomes, it is unclear whether weight management improves quality of life in this age group. This meta‐analysis assessed the impact of multicomponent weight management interventions on quality of life in adolescents affected by overweight or obesity. Ovid PsycINFO, Ovid Medline, Ovid Embase, Cochrane Library, Scopus and CINAHL Plus databases were searched up to July 2017. Eight eligible studies were randomized controlled trials of multicomponent weight management interventions for adolescents (10 to 19 years) affected by overweight or obesity, with quality of life and weight measurements. Meta‐analyses determined a positive effect on quality of life (mean difference 0.20 [0.11, 0.29]; p < 0.01) and weight (mean difference 0.30 [0.12, 0.47]; p < 0.01) following intervention. There was no correlation between weight loss and improvements in quality of life (R2 = 0.103). Rather than weight loss, intervention factors such as parental involvement, group settings and a focus on psychosocial well‐being appeared linked to improvements in quality of life. The reduced quality of life reported by this group may be due to social consequences of obesity, rather than actual weight.
Person‐directed care planning in nursing homes: A scoping review
Authors: Lepore Michael , Scales Kezia , Anderson Ruth A. , Porter Kristie , Thach Trini , McConnell Eleanor , Corazzini Kirsten 
Published: October 2018

AbstractAimFederal regulations require nursing homes in the United States to support residents in directing their own care rather than having their care plans developed for them without their engagement, but knowledge of person‐directed approaches to care planning in nursing homes is limited. The purpose of this study was to advance understanding of person‐directed care planning (PDCP).MethodsA multidisciplinary research team conducted a scoping review on individual and family involvement in care planning, including literature from a variety of care contexts. Search results were systematically screened to identify literature that addressed individual or family involvement in care planning as a primary concern, and then analysed using thematic content analysis.ResultsSeveral themes were identified, including definitions of the concept of PDCP, essential elements of PDCP, barriers, facilitators and outcomes. The concept of PDCP is informed by multiple disciplines, including humanist philosophy, disability rights and end‐of‐life care. Essential elements of PDCP include knowing the person, integrating the person's goals in care planning and updating care plans as individuals’ needs or preferences change. Limited time for care planning in nursing homes hinders PDCP. Facilitators include regulatory mandates and humanist social trends. Outcomes of PDCP were found to be positive (e.g., increased independence), but were inconsistently assessed across studies.ConclusionThis study offers pragmatic information that can support PDCP within nursing homes and insights for policy reform that may more effectively support PDCP.Implications for practiceThese findings can be used to guide implementation of PDCP.