bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
First-Line Nivolumab Plus Ipilimumab in Advanced Non–Small-Cell Lung Cancer (CheckMate 568): Outcomes by Programmed Death Ligand 1 and Tumor Mutational Burden as Biomarkers
Authors: Ready Neal , Hellmann Matthew D. , Awad Mark M. , Otterson Gregory A. , Gutierrez Martin , Gainor Justin F. , Borghaei Hossein , Jolivet Jacques , Horn Leora , Mates Mihaela , Brahmer Julie , Rabinowitz Ian , Reddy Pavan S. , Chesney Jason , Orcutt James , Spigel David R. , Reck Martin , O’Byrne Kenneth John , Paz-Ares Luis , Hu Wenhua , Zerba Kim , Li Xuemei , Lestini Brian , Geese William J. , Szustakowski Joseph D. , Green George , Chang Han , Ramalingam Suresh S. 
Published: February 2019

PURPOSE CheckMate 568 is an open-label phase II trial that evaluated the efficacy and safety of nivolumab plus low-dose ipilimumab as first-line treatment of advanced/metastatic non–small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC). We assessed the association of efficacy with programmed death ligand 1 (PD-L1) expression and tumor mutational burden (TMB). PATIENTS AND METHODS Two hundred eighty-eight patients with previously untreated, recurrent stage IIIB/IV NSCLC received nivolumab 3 mg/kg every 2 weeks plus ipilimumab 1 mg/kg every 6 weeks. The primary end point was objective response rate (ORR) in patients with 1% or more and less than 1% tumor PD-L1 expression. Efficacy on the basis of TMB (FoundationOne CDx assay) was a secondary end point. RESULTS Of treated patients with tumor available for testing, 252 patients (88%) of 288 were evaluable for PD-L1 expression and 98 patients (82%) of 120 for TMB. ORR was 30% overall and 41% and 15% in patients with 1% or greater and less than 1% tumor PD-L1 expression, respectively. ORR increased with higher TMB, plateauing at 10 or more mutations/megabase (mut/Mb). Regardless of PD-L1 expression, ORRs were higher in patients with TMB of 10 or more mut/Mb (n = 48: PD-L1, ≥ 1%, 48%; PD-L1, < 1%, 47%) versus TMB of fewer than 10 mut/Mb (n = 50: PD-L1, ≥ 1%, 18%; PD-L1, < 1%, 5%), and progression-free survival was longer in patients with TMB of 10 or more mut/Mb versus TMB of fewer than 10 mut/Mb (median, 7.1 v 2.6 months). Grade 3 to 4 treatment-related adverse events occurred in 29% of patients. CONCLUSION Nivolumab plus low-dose ipilimumab was effective and tolerable as a first-line treatment of advanced/metastatic NSCLC. TMB of 10 or more mut/Mb was associated with improved response and prolonged progression-free survival in both tumor PD-L1 expression 1% or greater and less than 1% subgroups and was thus identified as a potentially relevant cutoff in the assessment of TMB as a biomarker for first-line nivolumab plus ipilimumab.
Centriole assembly at a glance
Authors: Gönczy Pierre , Hatzopoulos Georgios N. 
Published: February 2019

ABSTRACT
The centriole organelle consists of microtubules (MTs) that exhibit a striking 9-fold radial symmetry. Centrioles play fundamental roles across eukaryotes, notably in cell signaling, motility and division. In this Cell Science at a Glance article and accompanying poster, we cover the cellular life cycle of this organelle – from assembly to disappearance – focusing on human centrioles. The journey begins at the end of mitosis when centriole pairs disengage and the newly formed centrioles mature to begin a new duplication cycle. Selection of a single site of procentriole emergence through focusing of polo-like kinase 4 (PLK4) and the resulting assembly of spindle assembly abnormal protein 6 (SAS-6) into a cartwheel element are evoked next. Subsequently, we cover the recruitment of peripheral components that include the pinhead structure, MTs and the MT-connecting A-C linker. The function of centrioles in recruiting pericentriolar material (PCM) and in forming the template of the axoneme are then introduced, followed by a mention of circumstances in which centrioles form de novo or are eliminated.
Variable vision in variable environments: the visual system of an invasive cichlid (Cichla monoculus, Agassiz, 1831) in Lake Gatun, Panama
Authors: Escobar-Camacho Daniel , Pierotti Michele E. R. , Ferenc Victoria , Sharpe Diana M. T , Ramos Erica , Martins Cesar , Carleton Karen L. 
Published: February 2019

An adaptive visual system is essential for organisms inhabiting new or changing light environments. The Panama Canal exhibits such variable environments due to its anthropogenic origin and current human activities. Within the Panama Canal, Lake Gatun harbours several exotic fish species including the invasive peacock bass (Cichla monoculus, Agassiz, 1831), a predatory Amazonian cichlid. In this research, through spectral measurements and molecular and physiological experiments, we studied the visual system of C. monoculus and its adapative capabilities.
Our results suggest that (1) Lake Gatun is a highly variable environment where light transmission changes throughout the canal-waterway, and that (2) C. monoculus has several visual adaptations suited for this red-shifted light enviroment. C. monoculus filters short-wavelengths (∼400 nm) from the environment through their ocular media and they tune their visual sensitivities to the available light through opsin gene expression. More importantly, based on shifts in spectral sensitivities of photoreceptors alone, and on transcriptome analysis, C. monoculus exhibits extreme intraspecific variation in the use of vitamin A1/A2 chromophore in their photoreceptors. Fish living in turbid water had higher proportions of vitamin A2, shifting sensitivities to longer-wavelengths, than fish living in clear waters. Furthermore, we also found variation in retinal transcriptomes where fish from turbid and clear-waters exhibited differentially expressed genes that vary greatly in their function. We suggest this phenotypic plasticity has been key in C. monoculus’ invasion.
Dog handlers' experiences of therapy dogs' impact on life near death for persons with dementia
Authors: Swall Anna , Craftman Åsa , Grundberg Åke , Wiklund Eleonor , Väliaho Nina , Hagelin Carina Lundh 
Published: February 2019

Background: Persons with dementia may have severe physical and psychological symptoms at the end of life. A therapy dog used in their care can provide comfort and relieve their anxiety. The dog handler guides the dog during the interaction with the patient Aim: To describe the impact of therapy dogs on people with dementia in the final stages of life from the perspective of the dog handler. Methods: Interviews were conducted and analysed using qualitative content analysis. Findings: The dog provides comfort and relief through its presence and by responding to the physical and emotional expressions of the dying person. Conclusions: Interactions with dogs were found to have a positive impact on persons with dementia and eased the symptoms associated with end of life according to the dog handlers.
Locally conformally Kähler solvmanifolds: a survey
Authors: Andrada A. , Origlia M. 
Published: February 2019

AbstractA Hermitian structure on a manifold is called locally conformally Kähler (LCK) if it locally admits a conformal change which is Kähler. In this survey we review recent results of invariant LCK structures on solvmanifolds and present original results regarding the canonical bundle of solvmanifolds equipped with a Vaisman structure, that is, a LCK structure whose associated Lee form is parallel.
Hydrogen generation by both acidic and catalytic hydrolysis of sodium borohydride
Authors: Netskina Olga V. , Filippov Tihon N. , Komova Oksana V. , Simagina Valentina I. 
Published: February 2019

Abstract
Sodium borohydride tablets have been employed as hydrogen-storage materials. Hydrogen release was performed by acidic hydrolysis where solutions of sulfuric and hydrochloric acids were added to the tablets, and by catalytic hydrolysis where water was added tablets of solid-state NaBH4/Co composite. In acidic solutions hydrogen evolution occurred instantaneously, and at high concentrations of acids the releasing hydrogen contained an admixture of diborane. Hydrogen evolution from the solidstate NaBH4/Co composite proceeded at a uniform rate of 13.8±0.1 cm3·min-1, water vapor being the only impurity in the evolving gas.
Zygmund inequality of the conjugate function on Morrey-Zygmund spaces
Authors: Yee Tat-Leung , Ho Kwok-Pun 
Published: February 2019

Abstract
We generalize the Zygmund inequality for the conjugate function to the Morrey type spaces defined on the unit circle T. We obtain this extended Zygmund inequality by introducing the Morrey-Zygmund space on T.
Sapiehas estate document from the end of the 17th century as a source of the family’s economic and political history
Authors: Ziober Aleksandra 
Published: February 2019

Abstract
Property documents and more precisely, the inventories of earthly goods can be very helpful in explaining complicated political affairs. Also the nobles’ names, which are mentioned in registers, may show us the influence and the composition of the nobility, from which the lider’s property were leased. Residents of manors, which belonged to the Sapieha Family, actually were forced to gain some contact and be dependent on the Family, even if it was a part of economic relations, which could easily be transformed into a personal one. However, the manor reliances undoubtedly opened up opportunities for both sides, which juxtaposed the benefits and losses with possible closer cooperation. Despite property ties, by analyzing the mentioned document we can find out (among other knowledge) the information about subordination and independence. Moreover it is possible to take the notice of the moodiness of the political scene or of the global political tendencies of residents what was the scope of interests for researcher of economists and goods.
The Impact of Focusing on Different Features During Encoding on Young and Older Adults’ Source Memory
Authors: Mitchell Karen J. , Hill Erin M. 
Published: February 2019

AbstractAge-related source memory deficits result, in part, because young and older adults attend to different information. We asked whether focusing young and older adults‘ attention on specific features at encoding would result in similar subjective experiences of the vividness of the features and how this might affect source memory. Ratings of the vividness of visual detail, emotion, and associations were similar for young and older adults both when they were perceiving pictures and when they were thinking about them after a brief delay. Although young adults had better source memory than older adults, source accuracy did not differ depending on feature attended, and correlations between ratings and source memory showed that focus on the different types of information was equally predictive of source memory accuracy for young and older adults. Although preliminary, the results suggest that when attention is focused on specific information at encoding, young and older adults later use the various categories of source-specifying information similarly in making source attributions. Nevertheless, older adults did worse on the source test, suggesting they had less discriminable source information overall, this information was not well bound, and/or they experienced difficulty in strategic retrieval and monitoring processes.
Toxoplasma gondii IgG associations with sleepwake problems, sleep duration and timing
Authors: Corona Celine C. , Zhang Man , Wadhawan Abhishek , Daue Melanie L. , Groer Maureen W. , Dagdag Aline , Lowry Christopher A. , Hoisington Andrew J. , Ryan Kathleen A. , Stiller John W. , Fuchs Dietmar , Mitchell Braxton D. , Postolache Teodor T. 
Published: February 2019

AbstractBackground: Evidence links Toxoplasma gondii (T. gondii), a neurotropic parasite, with schizophrenia, mood disorders and suicidal behavior, all of which are associated and exacerbated by disrupted sleep. Moreover, low-grade immune activation and dopaminergic overstimulation, which are consequences of T. gondii infection, could alter sleep patterns and duration. Methods: Sleep data on 833 Amish participants [mean age (SD) = 44.28 (16.99) years; 59.06% women] were obtained via self-reported questionnaires that assessed sleep problems, duration and timing. T. gondii IgG was measured with ELISA. Data were analyzed using multivariable logistic regressions and linear mixed models, with adjustment for age, sex and family structure. Results: T. gondii seropositives reported less sleep problems (p < 0.005) and less daytime problems due to poor sleep (p < 0.005). Higher T. gondii titers were associated with longer sleep duration (p < 0.05), earlier bedtime (p < 0.005) and earlier mid-sleep time (p < 0.05). Conclusions: It seems unlikely that sleep mediates the previously reported associations between T. gondii and mental illness. Future longitudinal studies with objective measures are necessary to replicate our findings.
BioEYES: 2018 Elizabeth W. Jones Award for Excellence in Education
Authors: Haloupek Nicole 
Published: February 2019

Abstract
The Genetics Society of America’s Elizabeth W. Jones Award for Excellence in Education honors individuals who have made a significant and sustained impact on genetics education. The 2018 recipients are geneticist Steven Farber of the Carnegie Institution for Science and education expert Jamie Shuda of the University of Pennsylvania. Farber and Shuda were awarded the prize in recognition of their outreach program BioEYES, which provides students in grades 2–12 with hands-on biology experience using live zebrafish. The flagship program brings fish—and the tools to study them—into the classroom for an entire week, during which time students observe much of the fish’s life cycle, from mating to the development of larvae.
Evolution or Entropy of the Concept of Chilling Effect? – Polish Perspective
Authors: Kos Katarzyna 
Published: February 2019

[full article, abstract in English; abstract in Lithuanian]
The concept of chilling effect, formulated in the beginning of the second half of the 20th century by the Supreme Court of the United States of America, has been applicated both in common law and in continental law system. Lately, also the Polish Constitutional Tribunal more often has used it. Despite the U.S. Supreme Court bound the chilling effect with infringement of the freedom of speech, nowadays it seems to be useful to describe also interferences to other human rights. The European Court of Human Rights has developed that kind of interpretation. It has occurred that the notion of chilling effect perfectly describes any interference into right or freedom consisting of deterring of a person from undertaking by he or she an action. The Polish Constitutional Tribunal has drawn the concept of the chilling effect directly from adjudication of the ECHR. But without broad justification it also applicates this notion to constitutional issues connected with provisions concerning the system of government. This process of adaptation of the chilling effect concept provokes questions whether this notion was properly rooted in the Polish constitutional system. The Polish Constitutional Tribunal has not deeply explained how to understand the concept of chilling effect and in what occurrences it may be applied. Without clear statement of the Polish Constitutional Tribunal we can say that the chilling effect concept may not be applied only in the cases concerning rights and freedoms which imply act of deterrence, like prohibition of compelling to participate or not participate in religious practices. Moreover, we can only assume that identifying the chilling effect does not overjudge the result of constitutional review, it is just an argument for unconstitutionality.
Verslo sprendimo taisyklės taikymo priežastys
Authors: Jarusevičius Justinas 
Published: February 2019

[full article and abstract in Lithuanian; abstract in English]
The reasons which led to the formation of the business judgment rule and its implementation are discussed in the present article. The courts usually have the competence to rule on the legality of the defendant’s actions and (or) their civil liability. Courts’ competence is being limited when the legality of the business decisions is analyzed and (or) the case of civil liability of the board members‘ or chief executive officer‘s of the private legal entities is decided. Due to the application of the business judgment rule the courts should abstain from evaluating the legality of the business judgments of the private legal entities, if they turned to be unprofitable or profitable not enough where such decisions were made by complying with the duties applied to the board members or chief executive officers. Motives, which justifies special civil liability regime of the directors are analyzed in the article.
Summary
Although the courts usually have the competence to rule on the legality of the defendant’s actions and (or) their civil liability, Courts’ competence is being limited when the legality of the business decisions is analyzed and (or) the case of civil liability of the board members‘ or chief executive officer‘s of the private legal entities is decided due to the appli- cation of the business judgment rule. As the business judgment rule has been identified by the case law of the Supreme Court of Lithuania, in this article author analyzes the reasons which led to the formation of the business judgment rule and its implementation in the jurisdiction of its origin – United States of America. Conclussions demonstrate that business judgment rule was implemented in the US case law with the purpose to guarantee and declare clearly that the ultimate decision maker within the private legal entity are board members or chief executive officers and not the courts. Business judgment rule works as a guarantee for the executives that they will not be held liable or criticized for the well-informed and fair decisions they make in the course of the company’s management. It encourages board members and chief exec- utive officers to take the risk needed for the development of company.
Protection of the Weaker Party to a Property Development Contract under Polish Law. Implementation of the Model of the State’s Protective Duties in Practice
Authors: Florczak-Wątor Monika 
Published: February 2019

[full article and abstract in English]
This study examines the mechanism of the protection of customers of property developers that was introduced into Polish legal system by the Property Development Act adopted on 16 September 2011. Those customers are the weaker party to a property development contract that should be protected by the State. The article presents the very concept of the Polish property development contract, its substance and legal forms as well as its practical aspects. This issue of the protection of customers of property developers is of a great importance not only in Poland but also in other European countries that have experienced a boom in the real estate market in the last decade. The article discusses also the issue of the compatibility of the Property Development Act with the model of the State’s protective obligations in horizontal relations that has been established under the Constitution of the Republic of Poland of 2 April 1997. The paper concludes by presenting some postulates of amendments to the Property Development Act submitted by consumer organizations, industry representatives and entrepreneurs as well as a very comprehensive draft of the amendment presented in May 2018 by the President of the Office of Competition and Consumer Protection. This draft is currently at the stage of inter-ministerial consultations and it is difficult to foresee whether the new solutions will be adopted by Parliament in such a form.
Caim, de José Saramago: um rei provisório de uma bíblia carnavalesca
Authors: Thimóteo Saulo Gomes 
Published: February 2019

Existe, nos romances de José Saramago, o elemento central da contínua indagação. Na obra Caim, por exemplo, o autor usa o personagem bíblico do título como fonte de desestabilização para o Deus do Antigo Testamento. A partir de um jogo de duplos, o discurso sagrado é constantemente ressignificado por um enfrentamento racional. E a história bíblica, como uma estrutura simbólica e mitológica, vai sendo problematizada, inserindo-se uma voz opositiva e altamente irônica. Dessa forma, o narrador e seu porta-voz (caim) subvertem o lugar de deus, tornando o romance um espaço carnavalizado em que uma nova leitura da Bíblia se constrói. *** Cain, by Jose Saramago: a temporary king of a carnivalesque Bible ***There is, in Jose Saramago’s novels, the main element of the incessant inquiry. In Cain, for example, the author uses the biblical character as a source of unsettling to the Old Testament’s God. From a game of doubles, the sacred speech is constantly reconstructed by a rational confrontation. And the biblical stories as a symbolic and mythological structure is problematized, by inserting in it an opposed and highly ironic voice. Thus, the narrator and his spokesman (cain) subvert god’s place, making the novel a carnivalized space in which a new reading of the Bible is built.Keywords: Jose Saramago; carnivalization; Cain; double.
Nas origens do romance brasileiro: As primeiras narrativas de J. M. Pereira da Silva
Authors: Chaves Vania Pinheiro 
Published: February 2019

Este ensaio se debruça sobre as seis narrativas que, publicadas por J. M. Pereira da Silva no periódico carioca Gabinete de Leitura, em 1837, não tiveram o seu pioneirismo reconhecido pelos historiadores e críticos da literatura brasileira. A análise dos temas, assuntos e formas desses relatos procura demonstrar o importante contributo do autor para a criação e nacionalização da prosa de ficção brasileira. *** In the origins of the Brazilian novel: the first narratives of J. M. Pereira da Silva ***This essay focuses on the six narratives that, published by J. M. Pereira da Silva in the Rio newspaper Gabinete de Leitura, in 1837, didn’t have its pioneering role recognized by the historians and critics of Brazilian Literature. The themes, subjects and forms analysis of these stories seeks to demonstrate the author’s important contribution to the creation and nationalization of Brazilian prose fiction.Keywords: Brazilian romanticism; prose fiction; J. M. Pereira da Silva; Gabinete de Leitura.
Firm Attributes and Performance: A Study of Architectural Firms in Nigeria
Authors: Oluwatayo Adedapo A , Amole Dolapo , Alagbe Oluwole 
Published: February 2019

The performance of architectural firms has been a concern to the professional bodies. Studies have however shown that there are factors within organisations that influence their performance. From the Resource-Based Theory of the Firm, this study aims to identify attributes in the profiles, structure and strategies of architectural firms, which are associated with the success of these firms. The performance of firms is conceptualized according to profitability, while the attributes considered are the ones identified as resources in the Resource-Based Theory of the firm. Data on the attributes and performance of the firms were obtained from a survey of ninety-two randomly selected architectural firms in Nigeria, using questionnaires and interviews. The results of the discriminant analysis carried out show that factors, which were related to the successes of the firms, include the availability of information technology facilities and the level of specialization of duties. The findings suggest that appropriate sizes, professionally qualified staff; and provision and use of IT facilities were areas that architectural firms can concentrate on for enhanced performance.
Keywords: Architectural firms, Architectural practice, Firm attributes, Firm Performance, Nigeria, Professional Service Firms.