bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A one-step incubation ELISA kit for rapid determination of dibutyl phthalate in water, beverage and liquor
Authors: Sun Quing , Chen Yanli , Li Fuxue , Jia Minghong , Shi Guoqing 
Published: July 2019

Abstract
A one-step incubation ELISA kit based on monoclonal antibody against dibutyl phthalate (DBP) was developed. After optimizing concentrations of coating antigen, antibody and composition of the assay buffer, an inhibition curve was plotted. The IC50 is 29.6 ng·mL-1, and the detection limit for DBP is 3.6 ng·mL-1. Compared with other ELISA methods, this ELISA kit had a simpler sample preparation, costed less time for detection and could detect more types of sample. The recoveries of DBP in water, beverage and liquor samples were range from 78% to 110.4%, the range of coefficient of variations is 7.7-15.3%. The cross reactivity was very low (&1%) except that for butyl benzyl phthalate (3.9%) and the di-isobutyl phthalate (12.5%). The detection results in liquor showed good correlation with those from GC-MS. All data above indicated that this kit could be used as the fast and high-throughput screening of DBP in water, beverage and liquor.
Nominal agreement in the interlanguage of Dutch L2 learners of Spanish
Authors: Gonzalez Paz , Mayans Damaris , van den Bergh Huub 
Published: July 2019

Abstract
Inflectional morphology causes persistent difficulties for second language (L2) learners (Montrul, Silvina & Kim Potowski. 2007. Command of gender agreement in school-age Spanish-English bilingual children. International Journal of Bilingualism 11(3). 301–328; Montrul, Silvina, Israel de la Fuente, Justin Davidson & Rebecca Foote. 2013. The role of experience in the acquisition and production of diminutives and gender in Spanish: Evidence from L2 learners and heritage speakers. Second Language Research 29(1). 87–118). Learners operate with a default gender value, and overgeneralize the masculine forms of determiners and modifiers (White, Lydia, Elena Valenzuela, Martyna Kozlowska-Macgregor & Ingrid Leung. 2004. Gender and number agreement in nonnative Spanish. Applied Psycholinguistics 25(1). 105–133; Schlig 2003). 111 essays written were collected containing 799 correct uses and 281 errors from Dutch students whose written ability in Spanish is A2 (Common European Framework). The results show that singular masculine nominal agreement marking at the determiner is significantly better produced by Dutch L2 learners of Spanish than when the marking of nominal agreement is plural, feminine or at the adjective. This study corroborates the previous results where learners operate with a default gender value and overgeneralize the masculine forms of determiners. Also these results show that L2 learners of Spanish are significantly less accurate in gender agreement with adjectives than with determiners.
Bidirectional MDRZ Downstream and NRZ OOK Upstream SS-WDM RoFSO Communication System
Authors: Magidi S. , Jabeena A. 
Published: July 2019

Abstract
A cost-effective spectrum sliced wavelength division multiplexing radio over free space (SS-WDM RoFSO) full duplex communication system architecture has been proposed and analyzed. For the downlink, a 10 Gbits/s high spectrally efficient and amplitude maintaining modified duobinary return to zero (MDRZ) modulated the filtered slices from the light source. The free space optical (FSO) channel was modeled by the well-known Gamma-Gamma model and was further subjected to moderate rain attenuation conditions. Four FSO transceivers were used to mitigate against laser beam scintillation, geometrical losses and rain attenuation. For uplink, a reflective semiconductor optical amplifier (RSOA) was used both as a modulator and an amplifier. Its amplitude squeezing effect was used to erase the information in the MDRZ modulated downstream seeding wavelength for uplink transmission of 10 Gbits/s NRZ OOK signals. At a bit error rate (BER) of

1.262
×

10

−
9

$1.262\times 10^{-9}$

, our proposed architecture revealed that 10 Gbits/s symmetric SS-WDM RoFSO can achieve 4.167 km of free space transmission. Power penalty of approximately 0.2 and 3 dB was achieved for downstream and upstream, respectively, which assures the feasibility of the proposed architecture. Such a system is meant to co-exist with the forthcoming fifth generation long-term evolution urban systems.
Adnominal conditionals in German
Authors: Blümel Andreas 
Published: July 2019

Abstract
In this short paper I give a description of salient structural and semantic properties of adnominal conditional clauses in German, drawn from online corpora (cf. Lasersohn 1996 for the English counterpart). Facts from prosody tentatively indicate, and from Binding, DP-internal distribution and extraposition more distinctively suggest, the paper’s main conclusion: Syntactically, adnominal conditionals behave like restrictive relative clauses. I sketch a recent analysis by Frana (2017), which captures important semantic properties of the construction. A restrictor analysis of conditional clauses can be retained and indeed fits snugly with the fact that only intensional nouns co-occur with, e.g. can be modified by, adnominal conditionals.
Ways of expressing counterfactual conditionals in Mandarin Chinese
Authors: Jiang Yan 
Published: July 2019

Abstract
This paper discusses the ways in which Mandarin Chinese expresses counterfactual conditionals, and endeavours to motivate and theorize the use of such strategies. I aim to give an overall picture of Mandarin Chinese counterfactual conditionals, a topic which has hitherto not been covered in the Chinese linguistic literature. The strategies identified are the use of special lexicalized chunks to directly encode counterfactual meaning; the creation of tense mismatch and the accompanying counterfactual meaning, either through the use of relative tense pointing toward a hypothetical past event, or through the use of some special time adverbs; and the use of pure inference over conditionals with impossible or absurd antecedents. Overlaying these strategies is the presence of context-dependent simplifications, which may prompt the language user to omit the defining features of a given strategy.
Variational-like inequalities for n-dimensional fuzzy-vector-valued functions and fuzzy optimization
Authors: Xie Ting , Gong Zengtai 
Published: July 2019

Abstract
The existing results on the variational inequality problems for fuzzy mappings and their applications were based on Zadeh’s decomposition theorem and were formally characterized by the precise sets which are the fuzzy mappings’ cut sets directly. That is, the existence of the fuzzy variational inequality problems in essence has not been solved. In this paper, the fuzzy variational-like inequality problems is incorporated into the framework of n-dimensional fuzzy number space by means of the new ordering of two n-dimensional fuzzy-number-valued functions we proposed [Fuzzy Sets and Systems 295 (2016) 19-36]. As a theoretical basis, the existence and the basic properties of the fuzzy variational inequality problems are discussed. Furthermore, the relationship between the variational-like inequality problems and the fuzzy optimization problems is discussed. Finally, we investigate the optimality conditions for the fuzzy multiobjective optimization problems.
Razumikhin-type theorem on time-changed stochastic functional differential equations with Markovian switching
Authors: Zhang Xiaozhi , Yuan Chenggui 
Published: July 2019

AbstractThis work is mainly concerned with the exponential stability of time-changed stochastic functional differential equations with Markovian switching. By expanding the time-changed Itô formula and the Razumikhin theorem, we obtain the exponential stability results for the time-changed stochastic functional differential equations with Markovian switching. What’s more, we get many useful stability results by applying our new results to several important types of functional differential equations. Finally, an example is given to demonstrate the effectiveness of the main results.
In-situ electrospun aligned and maize-like AgNPs/PVA@Ag nanofibers for surface-enhanced Raman scattering on arbitrary surface
Authors: Zhao Xiaofei , Li Chonghui , Li Zhen , Yu Jing , Pan Jie , Si Haipeng , Yang Cheng , Jiang Shouzhen , Zhang Chao , Man Baoyuan 
Published: July 2019

Abstract
An efficient electrospun aligned surface enhanced Raman scattering (SERS) and maize-like substrate of polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) composite and Ag colloid nanofibers decorated with thermal evaporated Ag nanoparticles (AgNPs) has been developed by taking advantage of electrostatic interactions. The synergistic effects of the evaporated AgNPs (niblets) and the Ag colloid in PVA (corncob) could arouse strong electromagnetic field between the lateral and vertical nanogaps which has been demonstrated by experiment and finite-different time-domain (FDTD) simulation. In this experiment, the aligned nanofibers possesses an excellent sensitivity by detection of crystal violet (CV) and malachite green (MG) molecule at low concentration. Moreover, the proposed flexible SERS sensor was measured with outstanding uniformity and reproducibility. We also carried out in-situ electrospinning on a curved surface to detect the mixture of Sudan I, CV and MG molecule, which demonstrates that flexible SERS sensor, has enormous potential in accurate and in-situ detection on the complex geometric structure.
One-pot oligosaccharide synthesis: latent-active method of glycosylations and radical halogenation activation of allyl glycosides
Authors: Pal Rita , Das Anupama , Jayaraman Narayanaswamy 
Published: July 2019

Abstract
Chemical glycosylations occupy a central importance to synthesize tailor-made oligo- and polysaccharides of functional importance. Generation of the oxocarbenium ion or the glycosyl cation is the method of choice in order to form the glycosidic bond interconnecting a glycosyl moiety with a glycosyl/aglycosyl moiety. A number of elegant methods have been devised that allow the glycosyl cation formation in a fairly stream-lined manner to a large extent. The latent-active method provides a powerful approach in the protecting group controlled glycosylations. In this context, allyl glycosides have been developed to meet the requirement of latent-active reactivities under appropriate glycosylation conditions. Radical halogenation provides a newer route of activation of allyl glycosides to an activated allylic glycoside. Such an allylic halide activation subjects the glycoside reactive under acid catalysis, leading to the conversion to a glycosyl cation and subsequent glycosylation with a number of acceptors. The complete anomeric selectivity favoring the 1,2-trans-anomeric glycosides points to the possibility of a preferred conformation of the glycosyl cation. This article discusses about advancements in the selectivity of glycosylations, followed by delineating the allylic halogenation of allyl glycoside as a glycosylation method and demonstrates synthesis of a repertoire of di- and trisaccharides, including xylosides, with varied protecting groups.
Photoluminescence and photocatalytic activity of a 3D framework based on 4,4′-bis(1,2,4-triazol-1-ylmethyl)biphenyl as a ligand for cadmium
Authors: Zhang Chen , Chen Ning-Ning , Tao Jian-Qing 
Published: July 2019

Abstract
A novel three-dimensional Cd(II) coordination framework, [Cd(PTA)(BTBP)0.5 · H2O]
n
(1) (BTBP =  4,4′-bis(1,2,4-triazol-1-ylmethyl)biphenyl; H2PTA = p-phthalic acid), has been prepared and characterized through IR spectroscopy, elemental and thermal analysis, and single-crystal X-ray diffraction. The complex is a 5-connected network with the {45 · 66} topology based on Cd-μ
2-H2O-Cd chains. It exhibits strong fluorescent emission in the solid state at room temperature. Moreover, complex 1 shows high photocatalytic activity in the degradation of methylene blue under UV irradiation.
Material suplementario Artículo 76179. Biología reproductiva de <i>Boana pulchella</i> y <i>Boana punctata</i> (Anura: Hylidae) en poblaciones simpátricas de humedales templados
Authors: Antoniazzi Carolina Elisabet , López Javier Alejandro , Ghirardi Romina , Armando Andrea Paola 
Published: July 2019

Anexo 1. Datos de colección de los especímenes utilizados en el estudio.DOI: https://doi.org/10.15446/caldasia.v41n2.76179
Cross Compatibility Analysis to Identify Suitable Parents of Tagetes erecta and T. patula for Heterotic Hybrid Breeding
Authors: ZHANG Huali , XIN Haibo , CONG Richen , LI Zijing , SONG Lina , WEI Zunzheng 
Published: July 2019

Seven interspecific crosses of Tagetes erecta × T. patula were conducted in this study. The cross compatibility index, seed setting rate, germination rate, phenotype, ploidy level, heterosis over male parent and field performance were tested. The results showed that different cross compatibility indices of Tagetes vary greatly, from 10.44~114.41, which is far less than that of the intraspecific hybridization S-121 × I-506 index. The seed setting rate of each cross ranged from 15.67% to 49.0%, and the cross S-121 × TP-512 scored the highest seed setting rate, which was higher than that of the intraspecific cross S-121 × I-506 (35.85%). Compared with the male parent, F1 has higher plant height, wider crown width, larger flower diameter and more ray florets and earlier bloom with two exceptions. The S-121 of T. erecta was diploid. All of the male parents of T. patula were tetraploids, and the combinations were triploids. The traits of plant height, plant width, flower size and number of ray florets showed positive heterosis over the male parents, and the days leading to flowering showed both positive and negative ones. Finally, S-121 × TP-379 and S-121 × TP-512 were selected as the two best combinations. This study confirmed that the two species of marigold could be crossed for better F1 varieties with improved performance.

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In press - Online First. Article has been peer reviewed, accepted for publication and published online without pagination. It will receive pagination when the issue will be ready for publishing as a complete number (Volume 47, Issue 3, 2019). The article is searchable and citable by Digital Object Identifier (DOI). DOI link will become active after the article will be included in the complete issue.
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Foliar N:P Stoichiometry in Aralia elata Distributed on Different Slope Degrees
Authors: WEI Hongxu , ZHAO Hengtian , CHEN Xin 
Published: July 2019

Plant nitrogen (N) to phosphorus (P) stoichiometry is of essentially ecological meaning to non-wood forest production (NWFP) plant community in the temperate forest ecosystem. In this study, natural Aralia elata (Miq.) Seem. communities in montane areas of southern Heilongjiang Province, Northeast China were investigated for plant density, vegetative growth, and soil and leaf parameters on slopes in 5°, 9°, and 14° degrees. We found that individual height was greater in sites on 5°- (1.6 m) and 9°-degree slopes (1.9 m) than on the 14°-degree slope (0.8 m), but soil available P content was highest on the steepest slope (5.5, 4.0, and 16 mg kg-1, respectively). The foliar N:P ratio ranged 6–13. Nitrogen availability tended to promote community density and individual growth; while P availability tended to depress density but promote foliar biomass accumulation. By the diagnosis of plant nutritional monogram, the better growth and high foliar N:P ratio of about 13:1 in A. elata individuals on 9°-degree slope were generated by both deficiency-driving N uptake and excessive P depletion. We recommend the 9°-degree slope to develop A. elata community which can be fed by higher N availability if higher density was achieved.

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In press - Online First. Article has been peer reviewed, accepted for publication and published online without pagination. It will receive pagination when the issue will be ready for publishing as a complete number (Volume 47, Issue 3, 2019). The article is searchable and citable by Digital Object Identifier (DOI). DOI link will become active after the article will be included in the complete issue.
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The Propagation of Rosa gallica ‘Tuscany Superb’ by Root Cuttings with the Use of IBA and Biostimulants
Authors: MONDER Marta Joanna , WOLIŃSKI Konrad , NIEDZIELSKI Maciej 
Published: July 2019

The research was aimed at studying the possibility of an alternative method of propagation the difficult-to-root Rosa gallica ‘Tuscany Superb’. The root cuttings of three thickness were rooted using IBA preparations (Chryzotop green, Rhizopon AA 020XX) and biostimulants (Tytanit, Root JuiceTM). The shoots disappeared before the growth of the roots. At the first days of growth, the both shoots and roots elongated upright without polarity. The primordia of the first type of root/shoot buds were situated in cambium zone as the subtending traces of near the rays visible on the cross sections. Moreover, the second types of buds were located in pericycle tissues. The swellings suggested inherence buds were disappearing before rooting. The content of reducing and non-reducing carbohydrates was lower at the time of harvesting the rooted cuttings than before rooting. The thickness of the root cuttings had a significant importance for growth parameters and content of carbohydrates in rooted cuttings. The most useful root cuttings, those achieving the highest mean rooting percentage are thick (76.8%) and medium (67.9%) size. Preparations or biostimulants had a differential influence on rooting process and none of them unequivocally guaranteed an improvement in the rooting percentage of cuttings, parameters of growth or content of carbohydrates. The Rhizopon AA 020XX (90.0%) in thick and Chryzotop green (87.5%) in medium cuttings increased the rooting percentage significantly. Root JuiceTM (0.1%, 0.2%) and Tytanit (0.04%) were also enough positive activity in medium cuttings and can replace IBA preparations.

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In press - Online First. Article has been peer reviewed, accepted for publication and published online without pagination. It will receive pagination when the issue will be ready for publishing as a complete number (Volume 47, Issue 3, 2019). The article is searchable and citable by Digital Object Identifier (DOI). DOI link will become active after the article will be included in the complete issue.
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Comparison of the Chemical Composition of Essential Oils Isolated from Two Thyme (Thymus vulgaris L.) Cultivars
Authors: WESOLOWSKA Aneta , JADCZAK Dorota 
Published: July 2019

In the studies conducted in 2016-2017, the chemical composition of the essential oils isolated from the herb of two thyme (Thymus vulgaris L.) cultivars was investigated by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS). The GC-MS analyses of the volatile oils of T. vulgaris L. cv. ‘English Winter’ and cv. ‘Summer Thyme de Provence’ led to the identification of 80 and 73 constituents, respectively. The main components found in the oil of ‘English Winter’ cultivar were thymol (44.97 and 38.06% in 2016 and 2017, respectively), p-cymene (7.61 and 10.34%), γ-terpinene (7.08 and 6.66%) and carvacrol (5.11 and 8.27%). Similarly, thymol (36.82 and 37.32%), p-cymene (15.73 and 11.20%), γ-terpinene (5.34 and 11.09%) and carvacrol (6.50 and 5.35%) dominated in the essential oil of ‘Summer Thyme de Provence’ cultivar. However, the higher content of thymol was noted for cultivar ‘English Winter’, while cultivar ‘Summer Thyme de Provence’ was richer in p-cymene.

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In press - Online First. Article has been peer reviewed, accepted for publication and published online without pagination. It will receive pagination when the issue will be ready for publishing as a complete number (Volume 47, Issue 3, 2019). The article is searchable and citable by Digital Object Identifier (DOI). DOI link will become active after the article will be included in the complete issue.
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Seed Vigour Tests to Estimate Seedling Emergence in Cress (Lepidium sativum L.) Seed Lots
Authors: DEMIR Ibrahim , KENANOGLU Burcu B. , ÖZDEN Eren 
Published: July 2019

This work was carried out to estimate field and controlled room seedling emergence potential through seed vigour tests in cress (Lepidium sativum L.) seeds. Early radicle emergence percentages after 12 (RE12h), 24 (RE24h) and 36 (RE36h) hours of germination test, mean germination time, accelerated aging (45 °C, 100% RH, 24 h), electrical conductivity (EC) of soaking water (40 ml, 50 seeds, 20 °C), after 16 hours (EC16h) and 24 hours (EC24h), and EC16h and EC24h after accelerated ageing (AA, 45 °C, 100% RH, 24h) were tested as vigour tests in ten commercial seed lots of cress. Standard laboratory germination ranged between 88 and 93%. Seeds were sown on two occasions in field and controlled room conditions, and seedling emergence percentages were determined after 30 days in the soil and 14 days in the controlled room. Seedling emergence ranged between 67 and 85% and 59 and 83% in the first and second sowings in the field. These values were 75 and 92% in controlled room sowing. Vigour tests were correlated to seedling emergence potential at various significance levels but RE24h and EC16h showed the highest correlation coefficient values (p < 0.001) in all three sowing conditions as r = 0.879-0.988 in RE24h, and r = 0.902-0.962 in EC16h. Results indicated that early radicle emergence percentages after 24 hours (RE24h) and electrical conductivity value after 16 hours (EC16h) can be successfully used to estimate the seedling emergence potential of cress seeds in field and controlled room conditions.

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In press - Online First. Article has been peer reviewed, accepted for publication and published online without pagination. It will receive pagination when the issue will be ready for publishing as a complete number (Volume 47, Issue 3, 2019). The article is searchable and citable by Digital Object Identifier (DOI). DOI link will become active after the article will be included in the complete issue.
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Phytochemical and Antioxidant Properties of Fresh Fruits and Some Traditional Products of Wild Grown Raspberry (Rubus idaeus L.)
Authors: VELJKOVIĆ Bojana , JAKOVLJEVIĆ Violeta , STANKOVIĆ Milan , DAJIĆ-STEVANOVIĆ Zora 
Published: July 2019

The current study investigated and compared phytochemical and antioxidant activity of fresh fruit and some traditional products of Rubus idaeus grown in mountain region of Serbia. The total organic acid, total sugar content, total phenolics, flavonoids, tannins, anthocyanins and vitamin C were evaluated. The antioxidant activities were evaluated using two antioxidant systems 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) and 2,2′-azinobis(3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonic acid) (ABTS). The fresh fruit contained highest amount of vitamin C (46.62 mg AA g-1) and total organic acids (882.22 mg CA g-1). The sweet preserve had highest content of total phenolics (200.83 mg GA g-1), flavonoids (12.85 mg RU g-1) and tannins (39.11 mg g-1). The juice had the highest total anthocyanin content (107.22 µg mL-1) and total sugar content (25 °Brix). The best antioxidant activity in ABTS assay had juice (IC50 = 4.87 µmol TE g-1), followed by sweet preserve (IC50 = 5.14 µmol TE g-1), almost identical to standard gallic acid. In the DPPH free radical scavenging assay, sweet fruit preserve showed significant better antioxidant activity (IC50 = 41.27 µg mL-1) compared to juice (IC50 = 106.07 µg mL-1) and fresh fruit (IC50 = 294.79 µg mL-1). Our results indicated promising perspectives for usage of R. idaeus fresh fruits and traditional products studied with considerable levels of vitamin C, bioactive compounds and antioxidant activity.

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In press - Online First. Article has been peer reviewed, accepted for publication and published online without pagination. It will receive pagination when the issue will be ready for publishing as a complete number (Volume 47, Issue 3, 2019). The article is searchable and citable by Digital Object Identifier (DOI). DOI link will become active after the article will be included in the complete issue.
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