bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Interactive effects of 1, 25-dihydroxyvitamin D3 and soy protein extract (SPE) on oral cancer growth in vitro: evidence for potential functional relationships.
Authors: Kingsley Karl , Keiserman Mark A. , Bergman Christine J. 
Published: August 2018

Background: Previous studies have found specific soy isoflavones (Genistein, Daidzein, Glycitein) demonstrate anti-tumor properties against several cancer types, including oral cancer. Few studies have evaluated whole soy extract, containing a combination of these isoflavones and other bioreactive compounds, which may function synergistically and more effectively against oral cancers. Preliminary work by this group has now demonstrated whole soy protein extract (SPE) inhibits oral cancer cell growth specifically and selectively, through independent cell-cycle and apoptotic pathways. However, more recent evidence now suggests that ingestion of vitamin D3, either in dietary foods or supplements may potentiate the activity of soy components and their anti-tumor effects.Objective: The primary goal of this study was to investigate the interactive and inter-connected effects of 1, 25-dihydroxyvitamin D3 administration with the anti-proliferative effects of whole soy protein extract (SPE) on oral cancer and normal cell lines in vitro.Methods: Three oral squamous cell carcinoma cell lines (SCC15, SCC25, and CAL27) were treated with 1, 25-dihydroxy Vitamin D3 at physiological concentrations (10-125 nmol). Cell growth was then compared with cell treatment using soy protein extract (SPE) within the normal physiologic range (0 - 10 μM/L). Interactive effects were then evaluated using co-administration of SPE and 1, 25-dihydroxy Vitamin D3. Quantitative RT-PCR was performed at various time points to determine any changes in mRNA expression for key cell cycle and apoptotic signaling pathway regulators, including p53, c-myc, ornithine decarboxylase (ODC), caspase-2, caspase-8, and bax. Results: Administration of 1, 25-dihydroxy Vitamin D3 induced distinct dose-dependent, growth-inhibitory effects in all three oral cancer cell lines examined. These inhibitory effects were comparable to the overall range of growth inhibition induced by SPE. However, the combined effects of co-administration were far greater, suggesting the presence of synergistic relationships between these components. In addition, these results indicate that either treatment alone appeared to modulate mRNA expression of oral cancer cell-cycle promoters c-myc and ODC, as well as the caspase-dependent apoptosis pathway, while only 1, 25-dihydroxy Vitamin D3 administration appeared to influence the bax pathway. Conclusion: These results suggest that co-administration with 1, 25-dihydroxy Vitamin D3 and SPE may enhance their anti-tumor effects. This study may help to explain, in part, why balanced diets rich in fruits, vegetables, and soy protein, are associated with protection against development and progression of oral cancers, although further study is needed to develop specific public health recommendations for oral cancer treatment and prevention.Key words: vitamin D, soy extract, whole soy protein, oral cancer, growth inhibition.
Cost-effectiveness analysis for the treatment of chronic kidney disease with low-protein diet
Authors: Mennini F. S. , Russo S. , Marcellusi A. , Palazzo F. , Quintaliani P. 
Published: August 2018

Background: Several clinical studies have shown that a low protein diet in patients with Chronic Kidney Disease (CKD), delays the natural progression of the end stage renal disease (ESRD) and the necessary treatment of chronic dialysis.Objective: The aim of this study is to estimate the cost-effectiveness of a low protein diet compared with no dietary treatment in patients with CKD stage 4 and 5 after 2, 3, 5 and 10 years.Method: A Markov model was developed to estimate costs and QALYs associated with low protein diet versus no treatment for patients with CKD stage 4-5. The transition probability was estimated on data from seven studies which determined the efficacy of low protein diets in delaying the need to start maintenance dialysis. The Quality Adjusted Life Years (QALYs) scores used were estimated with the Time Trade Off technique. The annual cost of dialysis per patient was estimated to be approximately €34,072. The costs of a low-protein diet was €1,440 per patient per year in the Lazio Region (conservative assumptions). Results: Treatment with a low-protein diet was more effective in terms of QALYs: the difference was always in favour of dietary treatment from a 0.09 QALYS after the first two years, 0.16 after three years, 0.36 after five years and up to a differential of 0.93 year after the first 10 years of treatment. In terms of cost-effectiveness, the dietary treatment was always dominant in all intervals considered. The dominance is due to the fact that the treatment is more effective in terms of QALYs and at the same time is less expensive.Conclusion: The results of these simulations indicate that the treatment of CKD patients with a low protein diet is cost effective relative to no treatment in an Italian setting. Further studies should test this model in other countries with different dialysis costs and dietary support.Key words: chronic kidney disease, low-protein diet, cost-effectiveness of a low protein diet
Molecular mechanism of intracellular lipid accumulation: Suppressive effect of PycnogenolR in liver cells
Authors: Ikuyama Shoichiro , Fan Bin , Gu Jian-Qiu , Mukae Kumiko , Watanabe Hideyuki 
Published: August 2018

Cells are physiologically ready to accumulate lipids such as triacylglycerides in the cytoplasm. Five classes of perilipin (PLIN) family proteins are known to be involved in the process of intracellular lipid accumulation. PLIN2 is expressed ubiquitously including adipocytes, hepatocytes and macrophages. Over-expression of PLIN2 is demonstrated in the lesions of fatty liver diseases and atherosclerosis. Suppression of PLIN2 expression prevents from developing these pathological conditions in animal models, suggesting that PLIN2 could be a therapeutic target molecule for excessive intracellular lipid accumulation which leads to various metabolic derangements. The PLIN2 gene promoter has two important cis-acting elements in close proximity:AP-1 element which mediates inflammatory signals and PPRE which mediates free fatty acid effect. In NMuLi mouse liver cells, FFA such as oleic acid requires both functional AP-1 and PPRE simultaneously to stimulate the promoter activity, indicating the presence of intimate interaction of inflammatory and metabolic signals on this gene. PycnogenolR, French maritime pine bark extracts, suppressed the oleic acid-induced PLIN2 expression and lipid accumulation in NMuLi cells. We found that PycnogenolR did not suppress the PLIN2 promoter activity or AP-1 binding to DNA. Instead, PycnogenolR facilitates the PLIN2 mRNA degradation, leading to suppression of lipid accumulation. This effect seems to be independent of antioxidant effect of PycnogenolR. We raise the idea that PLIN2 is a putative target molecule for prevention of pathological condition induced by excessive lipid accumulation, and this class of natural compounds could be putative therapeutic modalities.Key words: PycnogenolR, lipid droplet, perilipin, fatty liver disease
Vitamin B12 supplementation and cognitive scores in geriatric patients having Mild Cognitive Impairment
Authors: Chauhan Komal , Agarwal Aditika 
Published: August 2018

Background: The Neurodegenerative diseases are increasingly affecting the elderly with a severe impact on their brain health. There is a wide gap in supplementation based studies for increasing the cognition levels of the geriatric population especially in the developing countries like India, which are at extreme risk of developing neurological disorders. Vitamin B12 herein has caught much attention lately for improving the cognitive status. Literature has linked the possibility of alleviating neurological disorders in the elderly with effective vitamin B12 management. Abundant animal and human models have proved that supplementation of vitamin B12 is beneficial for the restoration of cognitive functions. Objective: To supplement vitamin B12 deficient mild cognitively impaired geriatric patients with injectable doses of vitamin B12 followed by impact evaluation. Methods: Screening of the mild cognitively impaired patients was carried out using the Mini-Mental State Examination and Yamaguchi Fox Pigeon Imitation test. Baseline information was elicited from the patients residing in urban Vadodara (a district in the state of Gujarat), India. This included socio-demographic, medical and drug history, anthropometric and physical activity pattern as well as biochemical parameters comprising of serum vitamin B12 and glycated haemoglobin profile. A sub-sample of 60 patients with mild cognitive impairment (MCI) demonstrating severe vitamin B12 deficiency were conveniently enrolled for injectable doses of Vitamin B12 in the dosage of 1,000 μg every day for one week, followed by 1,000 μg every week for 4 weeks & finishing with 1,000 μg for the remaining 4 months. Post six months intervention all the parameters were elicited. Results: Vitamin B12 supplementation resulted in a significant (p<0.001) improvement in the MMSE scores of the patients with a rise of 9.63% in the total patients. Gender-wise division also highlighted a significant increase (p<0.001) in the scores by 6.79% and 12.46% in overall males and females and a 10.20% and 8.24% rise for young-old (60-69 yrs) and old- old (70-85 yrs) categories, respectively. As a result, 27 patients progressed towards the category from the MCI state being assessed by MMSE scores. In the same manner, YGFPIT too demonstrated a 38% increase in normal with 35% males, 42% females, 41% young–old and 31% old-old moving to normal status. Thus, a total number of 28 patients progressed to the normal condition as per YGFPIT.Conclusion: Hence, vitamin B12 supplementation was found significantly effective in placing the serum vitamin B12 of MCI patients from the deficiency state to sufficient levels and in turn increased their performance in MMSE and YFPIT scores. Keywords: Mild Cognitive Impairment, vitamin B12, geriatrics, cognition
A randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled study to examine the effects of high-isoflavone soybeans “Yukipirika” in climacteric women
Authors: Nishimura Mie , Sugawara Miwako , Kudo Masafumi , Nishihira Jun 
Published: August 2018

Background: Soy isoflavones belong to a class of plant-based compounds known as phytoestrogens and effect menopausal symptoms and bone metabolism. We evaluated the effects of high-isoflavone soybeans (“Yukipirika”) in climacteric women.Methods: In this randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled study, we randomly selected 64 female subjects (aged 46–60 years) to consume products made from high-isoflavone soybeans (active test), low-isoflavone soybeans (Placebo 2), or wheat (Placebo 1). The simplified menopausal index (SMI) test, visual analog scale (VAS) of skin and hair conditions, joints functions, and bowel movements, hematological analysis, and urinalysis were performed at weeks 0, 4, and 8 during the study period. Results: Intake of high-isoflavone soybeans did not change bone metabolism parameters. However, a subsection of the SMI score was improved in the active test food group compared to the Placebo 2 food group. Additionally, VAS of skin conditions, joints functions, and bowel movements improved in the active test group compared to the Placebo 1 or Placebo 2 groups. Conclusion: These results suggest that the ingestion of high-isoflavone soybeans can improve skin conditions, joints functions, and bowel movements, in addition to menopausal symptoms.Keywords: bone metabolism; clinical trial; isoflavone; soybeans; menopausal symptoms; Yukipirika
Cooling of Small and Massive Hyperonic Stars
Authors: Negreiros Rodrigo , Tolos Laura , Centelles Mario , Ramos Angels , Dexheimer Veronica 
Published: August 2018

Abstract
We perform cooling simulations for isolated neutron stars using recently developed equations of state for their core. The equations of state are obtained from new parametrizations of the FSU2 relativistic mean-field functional that reproduce the properties of nuclear matter and finite nuclei, while fulfilling the restrictions on high-density matter deduced from heavy-ion collisions, measurements of massive 2 M
⊙ neutron stars, and neutron star radii below 13 km. We find that two of the models studied, FSU2R (with nucleons) and in particular FSU2H (with nucleons and hyperons), show very good agreement with cooling observations, even without including extensive nucleon pairing. This suggests that the cooling observations are more compatible with an equation of state that produces a soft nuclear symmetry energy, hence it generates small neutron star radii. However, both models favor large stellar masses, above 1.8 M
⊙, to explain the colder isolated neutron stars that have been observed, even if nucleon pairing is present.
Politique environnementale et territoire : le démantèlement des ouvrages hydrauliques en France à l’épreuve du modèle nord-américain
Authors: Drapier Ludovic , Germaine Marie-Anne , Lespez Laurent 
Published: August 2018

Cet article met en perspective les opérations de démantèlement d’ouvrages hydrauliques réalisées sur les cours d’eau de l’ouest de la France avec des opérations ayant été conduites sur la côte nord-est des États-Unis en s’intéressant à la façon dont le cadre réglementaire régit les liens entre politique environnementale et territoire. Si une forte conflictualité est observée autour de ces projets de part et d’autre de l’Atlantique, il ne s’agit pas ici d’examiner la teneur de ces conflits mais d’apporter un éclairage à travers l’analyse comparée des politiques publiques et des acteurs qui promeuvent le démantèlement d’ouvrages hydrauliques afin de voir en quoi le contexte de portage des opérations influe sur leur intégration locale. La réalisation d’entretiens semi-directifs auprès des parties prenantes (acteurs institutionnels ou associatifs) a d’abord permis de mettre en évidence que la notion de continuité écologique est au cœur de ces projets, qu’elle soit clairement mise en avant ou non. D’autre part, la recherche souligne le rôle clef des acteurs en charge des poissons, notamment migrateurs, et des acteurs en charge de leur gestion dans l’aboutissement des projets. Enfin, il apparaît une opposition claire entre la France et les États-Unis en ce qui concerne les relations entre la politique environnementale et le territoire qui l’accueille : de nombreuses opérations outre-Atlantique impliquent des associations permettant la création de liens plus forts et inscrits dans le temps entre le projet d’arasement et son espace support alors qu’en France, l’approche descendante imposée par la législation impose un calendrier et une approche principalement réglementaire et limite le plus souvent les possibilités de faire de ces opérations de véritables outils de développement du territoire.
Discrimination positive, méritocratie et l’inclusion en tension : les « Conventions éducation prioritaire » de Sciences Po
Authors: Fernández-Vavrik Germán , Pirone Filippo , van Zanten Agnès 
Published: August 2018

Cet article s’intéresse à un dispositif dit « d’ouverture sociale », les « Conventions Education Prioritaire » (CEP) de Sciences Po, en prenant appui sur une enquête ethnographique en cours comprenant des analyses de textes institutionnels ainsi que des entretiens et des observations à Sciences Po et dans quatre lycées conventionnés. Il s’intéresse aux tensions normatives entre les acteurs impliqués, notamment entre les responsables institutionnels qui impulsent et coordonnent le dispositif et les acteurs scolaires qui le mettent en œuvre, autour de la priorité à accorder à la méritocratie, à la discrimination positive et à l’inclusion. Il examine également les arrangements pédagogiques et organisationnels auxquels les efforts pour résoudre ces tensions donnent lieu. La conclusion insiste notamment sur les effets de ces tensions et des pratiques qui en résultent sur le brouillage entre deux objectifs politiques distincts, la diversification des élites et la réduction des inégalités.
L’éducation surveillée et ses professionnels : archéologie d’une intervention éducative aux marges de l’école (Genève, 1890-1970)
Authors: Droux Joëlle 
Published: August 2018

Le présent article a pour but de restituer les étapes qui ont contribué à l’émergence d’une profession dédiée à l’éducation des enfants en difficulté (sociale, familiale, scolaire) dans le cadre suisse romand, en s’efforçant de la positionner par rapport à l’offre éducative scolaire. La première étape est celle qui dès le 19 e siècle voit s’élaborer un réseau privé d’établissements correctionnels, en marge du système scolaire public, initiant un partage du terrain éducatif et des clientèles à éduquer. La seconde étape est celle de l’instauration de nouvelles lois de protection de l’enfance à la fin du siècle qui permettent l’intervention de l’Etat face aux parents défaillants, sans toutefois remettre en cause la répartition de l’offre éducative entre œuvres privées d’éducation et établissements d’instruction publics. Durant l’entre-deux-guerres, une troisième étape voit se déployer une approche médico-pédagogique qui postule la curabilité des troubles du comportement, et prône la rénovation des maisons d’éducation par le biais de la création d’une nouvelle profession, celle d’éducateur. Cette séquence contribue à articuler cette profession aux objectifs émancipateurs que poursuit l’école, en affirmant œuvrer au soin et à la réinsertion des jeunes placés ; mais elle concourt aussi à renforcer le processus ségrégatif qui sépare populations scolaires ordinaires gérées par l’école et catégories en difficultés, dérivées vers le placement. Après une période d’enthousiasme qui voit se créer le premier centre de formation en Suisse romande, la jeune profession d’éducateur, à l’image du secteur des placements éducatifs, est victime d’une crise de confiance dès les années 1960, en lien avec une remise en cause des effets ségrégatifs de ces politiques envers les populations défavorisées. Une crise qui débouche sur la construction d’autres conceptions de l’action éducative auprès des familles et des enfants en difficulté, basées sur des référentiels plus respectueux des droits humains, qu’il conviendrait de documenter pour mieux en comprendre l’ampleur, et les effets sur les pratiques professionnelles dans et hors école.
Information and knowledge sharing within virtual communities of practice
Authors: Ogbamichael Hermon B. , Warden Stuart 
Published: August 2018

Background: The concept of a virtual community of practice (VCoP) emanates from the need to create a new mode of learning and knowledge development platform. It has also been found that highly structured forums are not always the best way to assist people to learn and improve their knowledge. The first author (main researcher) has limited background knowledge and professional practice in the area of VCoPs. Within this context, the investigation of the use of VCoPs to optimise knowledge sharing within stakeholders is the central theme of this research. The authors adapted the life cycle knowledge flow model and present an extended model that resulted after an empirical research was conducted with various VCoPs. Objectives: The objective of this paper is to report on the research that, firstly, attempted to find a suitable model among all previous research conducted on knowledge sharing (management) and to create a new model that could be used to optimise knowledge sharing within VCoPs. Method: In this research, a review of literature was used to define the main concepts of this research. A qualitative methodology was used. The responses received using two questionnaires were analysed to establish some premise, derived from the findings. The Miles and Huberman framework for qualitative analysis was also used to analyse the data set received from participants in the two questionnaires administered. This framework for analysis includes data reduction, data display, drawing and verifying conclusions. Results: An extended life cycle knowledge flow model is proposed to optimise knowledge sharing within VCoPs. Conclusion: A comprehensive knowledge flow model, namely the extended life cycle knowledge flow model, was found to be most suited from the literature. The analysis of two questionnaires, one administered in 2011–2012 and the other in 2016, led to the adaptation of the model to enhance knowledge sharing within VCoPs and, in turn, to develop and optimise knowledge sharing in enterprises.
Clinicopathological Correlation of Adenoid Cystic Carcinoma: A Notorious Masquerader and Clinical Paradox
Authors: Sharma Preeti , Jha Vidya , Mandal Ashish Kumar 
Published: August 2018

Abstract
Background: Adenoid cystic carcinoma (ACC) is an uncommon tumor with nonspecific clinicoradiological features thereby masquerading other nonneoplastic and neoplastic entities. Materials and Methods: Cases of ACC were retrospectively reviewed over a period of 4 years. The clinical details of these patients including fine-needle aspiration cytology (FNAC) and imaging findings were retrieved. Diagnosis was confirmed on histomorphology and supplemented with immunohistochemistry (IHC). Results:: Thirty cases of ACC were included in the study. Mean patient age was 55.5 years with a slight female preponderance. Among the 30 ACCs, 10 (33.4%) were located in submandibular gland, 7 (23.4%) in parotid gland, 6 (20%) in sublingual gland, 2 (6.7%) in lung and one each (3.33%) in nasal cavity, breast, cervix, lip, and skin of face. Preoperative imaging was suggestive of malignancy in 29 cases while a single case of parotid gland ACC was misdiagnosed as benign salivary gland neoplasm. FNAC was performed in 29 cases with a diagnostic accuracy of 82.7%. Histopathological examination showed characteristic features of ACC in all cases with perineural invasion seen in 7 cases. On IHC, positivity for cytokeratin was seen in all cases, cluster of differentiation 117 in 24 cases, thyroid transcription factor-1 in two cases and human epidermal growth factor receptor/neu in two cases. All cases were negative for estrogen receptor and progesterone receptor IHC. Mean Ki-67 score was 47.8%. Conclusion: ACCs are notorious tumors showing slow growth kinetics with propensity for perineural invasion, late recurrences, and distant metastasis. It should be kept in mind as a differential diagnosis at unusual sites other than salivary glands.