bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Digital Domain Power Division Multiplexed Dual Polarization Coherent Optical OFDM Transmission
Authors: Wu Qiong , Feng Zhenhua , Tang Ming , Li Xiang , Luo Ming , Zhou Huibin , Fu Songnian , Liu Deming 
Published: October 2018

AbstractCapacity is the eternal pursuit for communication systems due to the overwhelming demand of bandwidth hungry applications. As the backbone infrastructure of modern communication networks, the optical fiber transmission system undergoes a significant capacity growth over decades by exploiting available physical dimensions (time, frequency, quadrature, polarization and space) of the optical carrier for multiplexing. For each dimension, stringent orthogonality must be guaranteed for perfect separation of independent multiplexed signals. To catch up with the ever-increasing capacity requirement, it is therefore interesting and important to develop new multiplexing methodologies relaxing the orthogonal constraint thus achieving better spectral efficiency and more flexibility of frequency reuse. Inspired by the idea of non-orthogonal multiple access (NOMA) scheme, here we propose a digital domain power division multiplexed (PDM) transmission technology which is fully compatible with current dual polarization (DP) coherent optical communication system. The coherent optical orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (CO-OFDM) modulation has been employed owing to its great superiority on high spectral efficiency, flexible coding, ease of channel estimation and robustness against fiber dispersion. And a PDM-DP-CO-OFDM system has been theoretically and experimentally demonstrated with 100 Gb/s wavelength division multiplexing (WDM) transmission over 1440 km standard single mode fibers (SSMFs).
Magnetic Resonance Imaging for tracking cellular patterns obtained by Laser-Assisted Bioprinting
Authors: Kérourédan Olivia , Ribot Emeline Julie , Fricain Jean-Christophe , Devillard Raphaël , Miraux Sylvain 
Published: October 2018

AbstractRecent advances in the field of Tissue Engineering allowed to control the three-dimensional organization of engineered constructs. Cell pattern imaging and in vivo follow-up remain a major hurdle in in situ bioprinting onto deep tissues. Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) associated with Micron-sized superParamagnetic Iron Oxide (MPIO) particles constitutes a non-invasive method for tracking cells in vivo. To date, no studies have utilized Cellular MRI as a tool to follow cell patterns obtained via bioprinting technologies. Laser-Assisted Bioprinting (LAB) has been increasingly recognized as a new and exciting addition to the bioprinting’s arsenal, due to its rapidity, precision and ability to print viable cells. This non-contact technology has been successfully used in recent in vivo applications. The aim of this study was to assess the methodology of tracking MPIO-labeled stem cells using MRI after organizing them by Laser-Assisted Bioprinting. Optimal MPIO concentrations for tracking bioprinted cells were determined. Accuracy of printed patterns was compared using MRI and confocal microscopy. Cell densities within the patterns and MRI signals were correlated. MRI enabled to detect cell patterns after in situ bioprinting onto a mouse calvarial defect. Results demonstrate that MRI combined with MPIO cell labeling is a valuable technique to track bioprinted cells in vitro and in animal models.
Competition between green self-trapped-exciton and red non-bridging-oxygen emissions in SiO2 under interband excitation
Authors: Paleari Alberto , Meinardi Francesco , Brovelli Sergio , Lorenzi Roberto 
Published: October 2018

AbstractThe knowledge advancement in the physics of silicon dioxide has promoted ground-breaking progress, from microelectronics to fibre optics. However, the SiO2 exciton decay mechanism is still mostly unrevealed. Here, we analyse the temperature dependence of interband-excited luminescence and the reflectivity by means of synchrotron radiation on a wide selection of SiO2 materials. This enables us to decouple the band-to-band recombination steps from non-radiative decay pathways that typically mask the relaxation mechanisms. We show that band-to-band excitations decay into two competitive correlated channels leading to green and red luminescence so far ascribed to independent transitions. Here we discuss the assignment to a dual relaxation route involving either ‘free’ or ‘interacting’ non-bridging-oxygen sites. Such an interpretation suggests an explanation for the elusive non-bridging-oxygen centres in quartz. The reflectivity spectra finally demonstrates a general relationship between exciton spectral position and bandwidth in SiO2 and clarifies the role of disorder in exciton localization.
Prognostic values of F-box members in breast cancer: an online database analysis and literature review
Authors: Wang Xiaochen , Zhang Tao , Zhang Shizhen , Shan Jinlan 
Published: October 2018

Abstract
Introduction: F-box proteins are the substrate-recognizing subunits of SKP1 (S-phase kinase-associated protein 1)–cullin1–F-box protein (SCF) E3 ligase complexes that play pivotal roles in multiple cellular processes, including cell proliferation, apoptosis, angiogenesis, invasion, and metastasis. Dysregulation of F-box proteins may lead to an unbalanced proteolysis of numerous protein substrates, contributing to progression of human malignancies. However, the prognostic values of F-box members, especially at mRNA levels, in breast cancer (BC) are elusive. Methods: An online database, which is constructed based on the gene expression data and survival information downloaded from GEO (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/geo/), was used to investigate the prognostic values of 15 members of F-box mRNA expression in BC. Results: We found that higher mRNA expression levels of FBXO1, FBXO31, SKP2, and FBXO5 were significantly associated with worse prognosis for BC patients. While FBXO4 and β-TrCP1 were found to be correlated to better overall survival (OS). Conclusion: The associated results provide new insights into F-box members in the development and progression of BC. Further researches to explore the F-box protein-targetting reagents for treating BC are needed.
Integrable all‐optical pass switch
Authors: Datta T. , Sen M. 
Published: October 2018

A completely new design for an all‐silicon all‐optical pass switch has been proposed based on the stimulated Raman scattering (SRS) in silicon nanocrystal embedded slotted photonic crystal waveguide (SPCW). Substantial miniaturisation in the device footprint and operating power has been attained by merging the benefits of the giant SRS gain and the ultra‐high optical confinement of the SPCW. The proposed switch offers a tremendously high contrast ratio of between the logic levels and an extraordinary bit rate of 125 Gbps.
Mirach’s Goblin: Discovery of a dwarf spheroidal galaxy behind the Andromeda galaxy
Authors: Martínez-Delgado David , Grebel Eva K. , Javanmardi Behnam , Boschin Walter , Longeard Nicolas , Carballo-Bello Julio A. , Makarov Dmitry , Beasley Michael A. , Donatiello Giuseppe , Haynes Martha P. , Forbes Duncan A. , Romanowsky Aaron J. 
Published: October 2018

Context. It is of broad interest for galaxy formation theory to carry out a full inventory of the numbers and properties of dwarf galaxies, both satellite and isolated, in the Local Volume.
Aims. Ultra-deep imaging in wide areas of the sky with small amateur telescopes can help to complete the census of these hitherto unknown low-surface-brightness galaxies, which cannot be detected by the current resolved stellar population and HI surveys. We report the discovery of Donatiello I, a dwarf spheroidal galaxy located one degree from the star Mirach (β And) in a deep image taken with an amateur telescope.
Methods. The color-magnitude diagram (CMD) obtained from follow-up observations obtained with the Gran Telescopio Canarias (La Palma, Spain) reveals that this system is beyond the local group and is mainly composed of old stars. The absence of young stars and HI emission in the ALFALFA survey is typical of quenched dwarf galaxies. Our photometry suggests a distance modulus for this galaxy of (m − M) = 27.6 ± 0.2 (3.3 Mpc), although this distance cannot yet be established securely owing to the crowding effects in our CMD. At this distance, the absolute magnitude (MV = −8.3), surface brightness (μV = 26.5 mag arcsec−2), and stellar content of Donatiello I are similar to the “classical” Milky Way companions Draco or Ursa Minor.
Results. The projected position and distance of Donatiello I are consistent with this object being a dwarf satellite of the closest S0-type galaxy NGC 404 (“Mirach’s Ghost”). Alternatively, it could be one of the most isolated quenched dwarf galaxies reported so far behind the Andromeda galaxy.
With and without spectroscopy: Gaia DR2 proper motions of seven ultra-faint dwarf galaxies
Authors: Massari D. , Helmi A. 
Published: October 2018

Aims. We present mean absolute proper motion measurements for seven ultra-faint dwarf galaxies orbiting the Milky Way, namely Boötes III, Carina II, Grus II, Reticulum II, Sagittarius II, Segue 2, and Tucana IV. For four of these dwarfs our proper motion estimate is the first ever provided.
Methods. The adopted astrometric data come from the second data release of the Gaia mission. We determine the mean proper motion for each galaxy starting from an initial guess of likely members, based either on radial velocity measurements or using stars on the horizontal branch identified in the Gaia (GBP – GRP, G) colour-magnitude diagram in the field of view towards the UFD. We then refine their membership iteratively using both astrometry and photometry. We take into account the full covariance matrix among the astrometric parameters when deriving the mean proper motions for these systems.
Results. Our procedure provides mean proper motions with typical uncertainties of ∼0.1 mas yr−1, even for galaxies without prior spectroscopic information. In the case of Segue 2 we find that using radial velocity members only leads to biased results, presumably because of the small number of stars with measured radial velocities.
Conclusions. Our procedure allows the number of member stars per galaxy to be maximized regardless of the existence of prior spectroscopic information, and can therefore be applied to any faint or distant stellar system within reach of Gaia.
Clinical and radiographic presentation of pelvic sarcoma in children
Authors: Kadhim Muayad , Oyoun Nariman Abol , Womer Richard B. , Dormans John P. 
Published: October 2018

Introduction: Pelvic sarcomas may present with vague symptoms. The aim of this study was to examine the characteristics and clinical presentations of different types of pelvic sarcoma in children.
Methods: This is a retrospective cohort study of patients up to 21 years of age with the diagnosis of pelvic sarcoma between January 2000 and June 2013. Data on demographics, tumor type and location, and clinical presentation were collected from the medical records.
Results: A total of 59 patients [37 males (62.7%) and 22 females (37.3%)] were examined in this study. Mean age at presentation was 11.3 ± 5 years (range 0.8–21 years). Thirty-six patients had Ewing sarcoma (61%), 9 osteosarcoma (6.8%), 4 undifferentiated sarcoma (6.8%), 2 (3.4%) rhabdomyosarcoma, 2 synovial cell sarcoma, and one (1.7%) of each fibrosarcoma, dermatofibrosarcoma, fibromyxoid sarcoma, chondrosarcoma, chordoma, and epithelioid sarcoma. Pain at presentation was reported in 41 patients, 13 mass, 8 limping, and 5 neurologic symptoms. Most of the bony tumors were painful (77%), while most of the soft tissue tumors were painless (70%). Nine patients presented with constitutional symptoms. Most patients presented within 4–12 months from symptoms beginning. Twenty-one patients (35.6%) presented with metastases (14 Ewing sarcoma, 6 osteosarcoma, and 1 synovial cell sarcoma). Pelvic radiographs showed lytic lesion in 11 patients, 4 sclerotic lesions, 6 mixed lesion, 6 had only soft tissue mass, 1 radiograph showed osteopenia, and 2 radiographs were reported normal.
Conclusion: Ewing sarcoma was the most common pelvic sarcoma tumor in children. In most cases, pelvic sarcoma in children presented with pain mimicking other benign conditions. Some patients presented with metastatic disease with no prognostic clinical or radiographical signs or symptoms. Pelvic sarcoma should be considered a differential diagnosis as part of children work up.
Intraoperative Shear Wave Elastography vs. Contrast-Enhanced Ultrasound for the Characterization and Differentiation of Focal Liver Lesions to Optimize Liver Tumor Surgery
Authors: da Silva Natascha , Hornung Matthias , Beyer Lukas , Hackl Christina , Brunner Stefan , Schlitt Hans , Wiggermann Philipp , Jung Ernst 
Published: October 2018

Abstract
Purpose Assessment of intraoperative quantitative shear wave elastography (SWE) and contrast-enhanced ultrasound (CEUS) for the characterization of focal liver lesions (FLLs) during liver surgery using postoperative histopathological results as the gold standard.
Materials and Methods US data of 79 consecutive patients with 98 FLLs who underwent liver surgery between 08/2015 – 06/2017 were prospectively acquired and retrospectively analyzed. Multifrequency linear/T-shaped probes (6 – 9 MHz) were used to store cine loops of at least 5 s and images of B-mode, SWE and CEUS. The first CEUS loop was continuously documented over 1 min. in each case. Quantitative SWE analysis of FLLs was performed by placing 5 regions of interest to measure shear wave speed (m/s) and stiffness (kPa). CEUS was evaluated during the arterial, portal venous and late phase after i. v. bolus injections of 2.4 – 10 ml sulfur hexafluoride microbubbles. Postoperative histopathology after tumor resection or intraoperative biopsy was obtained to confirm findings of SWE and CEUS.
Results Of 98 FLLs in 79 patients (mean age: 58 years sd ± 12y) 88 were malignant and 10 were benign ranging from 0.69 to 15.2 cm in size (mean: 2.8 cm, sd ± 2.25 cm). SWE characterized 73/88 FLLs correctly as malignant and 7/10 as benign using a cut-off value of 2.5 m/s/21.3 kPa (p < 0.0005). The sensitivity was 83 %, specificity 70 %, accuracy 82 %. CEUS could correctly identify 86/88 malignant and 8/10 benign FLLs. The sensitivity was 98 %, specificity 80 %, accuracy 96 %. SWE could correctly identify 2 malignant FLLs which CEUS falsely characterized as benign.
Conclusion Intraoperative CEUS and SWE are excellent tools for the highly accurate visualization, characterization and malignancy assessment of hepatic tumors during liver surgery.
Kosten und Prozesse der Sterilgutversorgung
Authors: Krohn Markus , Mickley Thomas , Fleßa Steffen 
Published: October 2018

ZusammenfassungIn der Zentralen Sterilgutversorgungsabteilung (ZSVA) werden wiederverwendbare Medizinprodukte für die gesamte Klinik aufbereitet. Doch welche Kosten entstehen
eigentlich bei der Produktion einer Sterilguteinheit? Und welche Rolle spielt die Arbeitsintensität der Mitarbeiter?
Situation of Adolescent Contraceptive Use in Germany
Authors: Oppelt Patricia , Fahlbusch Christine , Heusinger Katharina , Lotz Laura , Dittrich Ralf , Baier Friederike 
Published: October 2018

Abstract
Introduction Would adolescent girls in Germany choose a different method of contraception to the combined oral contraceptive if provided with the appropriate information? Is there a need for long-acting contraception among our adolescent girls? How satisfied are female patients with the information they receive at their respective gynaecology practices, and how much do the girls know about different methods of contraception?
Materials and Methods In the study “Thinking About Needs in COntraception” (TANCO), not only female patients, but also their respective gynaecologists were surveyed online about current methods of contraception, their satisfaction with these methods, and also their level of knowledge concerning the individual methods of contraception, the situation related to advice about different contraceptive options and their general satisfaction with gynaecological care. This article presents the data from the subset of adolescent girls aged 14 to 19 years (n = 2699) out of the total of 18 521 women surveyed.
Results The girls surveyed were familiar with at least the name of more than five different methods of contraception (average 5.3). The doctors assumed that the respondents would know only 4.2 different methods. When asked explicitly about how the individual methods of contraception work, clear deficits became evident. This applies not only to the entire population of respondents, but also the users of the respective contraceptive method. In addition, a strong interest in long-acting contraception emerged from the survey, particularly among young women.
Discussion The data from the TANCO study reveal a clear discrepancy between the existing contraception almost exclusively in the form of the contraceptive pill and the contraceptive options considered by adolescent girls if they are thoroughly informed. The need for education into alternatives to the pill is high, as is the willingness to use such alternatives after receiving information – much higher than the figures suggested by the gynaecologists.
Possible Reasons for Discontinuation of Therapy: an Analysis of 571 071 Treatment Cycles From the German IVF Registry
Authors: Kreuzer Vera , Kimmel Markus , Schiffner Julia , Czeromin Ute , Tandler-Schneider Andreas , Krüssel Jan-Steffen 
Published: October 2018

Abstract
Introduction Numerous couples discontinue fertility treatment before achieving the objective, the birth of a child. The aim of this retrospective data analysis is to identify the reasons for early discontinuation of therapy (drop-out).
Materials and Methods Retrospective data analysis. With the aid of the German IVF Registry (D·I·R®), a total of 122 560 “last cycles” in Germany in the period 2012 – 2015 were identified and the courses were analysed.
Results From the named cohort of “last cycles”, 37.3% of the female patients (45 699) gave birth to a child and ended the therapy. The remaining 76 861 discontinued the treatment before having a child. The fertility treatment was conducted due to a purely male indication in 46.27% of cases and in 17.96% the cause lay exclusively with the woman. 4.53% of the drop-outs suffered a miscarriage in the last cycle. 73.56% of the drop-out patients ended the therapy after the lack of a positive pregnancy test. After the third therapy cycle, 67% of the couples ended their treatment.
Conclusion The results make it possible to provide couples with individual counselling. They offer an option for preparing for the emotional and physical hurdles.
Low-grade Serous Ovarian Carcinoma
Authors: Ricciardi Enzo , Baert Thaïs , Ataseven Beyhan , Heitz Florian , Prader Sonia , Bommert Mareike , Schneider Stephanie , du Bois Andreas , Harter Philipp 
Published: October 2018

AbstractIn the early 2000s a two-tier grading system was introduced for serous ovarian cancer. Since then, we have increasingly come to accept that low-grade serous ovarian carcinoma (LGSOC) is a separate entity with a unique mutational landscape and clinical behaviour. As less than 10% of serous carcinomas of the ovary are low-grade, they are present in only a small number of patients in clinical trials for ovarian cancer. Therefore the current treatment of LGSOC is based on smaller trials, retrospective series, and subgroup analysis of large clinical trials on ovarian cancer. Surgery plays a major role in the treatment of patients with LGSOC. In the systemic treatment of LGSOC, hormonal treatment and targeted therapies seem to play an important role.
Volumetría hipocampal: análisis comparativo de los métodos de evaluación en enfermedad de Alzheimer
Authors: Chaves Hernán , Rollan Cecilia Eugenia , Ventrice Fernando , Calandri Ismael Luis , Farez Mauricio Franco , Yañez Paulina 
Published: October 2018

Objetivo La atrofia hipocampal es uno de los biomarcadores radiológicos más sensibles de la enfermedad de Alzheimer (EA) y existen diferentes métodos para evaluarla: análisis subjetivo visual (ASV), análisis objetivo manual (AOM) y análisis objetivo automático (AOA). Nos proponemos comparar esos métodos, y evaluar si el AOA presenta una confiabilidad cercana al AOM (método de referencia) y superior al ASV.
Materiales y Métodos Se seleccionaron retrospectivamente imágenes de resonancia magnética (RM) fast spoiled gradient-echo (FSPGR) de 28 sujetos (14 con deterioro cognitivo leve, 7 con EA y 7 controles). El ASV fue realizado por 10 radiólogos, clasificando la atrofia hipocampal en: nula, leve, moderada o severa. El AOM se basó en la segmentación manual de los hipocampos por dos operadores. El AOA fue realizada por medio del software FreeSurfer 5.3. Se calcularon coeficientes de correlación rho de Spearman para las variables discretas y coeficientes de correlación intraclase para las variables continuas.
Resultados Los coeficientes de correlación entre los dos operadores que realizaron el AOM fueron de 0,88 (p < 0,0001) para los hipocampos izquierdos y de 0,86 (p < 0,0001) para los hipocampos derechos. El coeficiente de correlación entre todos los ASV (promediados) y AOM fue de -0,81 (IC 95% -0,96- -0,66). Los coeficientes de correlación entre el AOA y el AOM fue de 0,54 (p < 0,0001) para los hipocampos izquierdos y de 0,61 (p < 0,0001) para los hipocampos derechos.
Conclusión Si bien el AOA tiene moderada correlación con el método de referencia, no es superior al ASV promedio y se deberían tomar recaudos antes de ser implementado en la práctica asistencial.
Akt-mediated platelet apoptosis and its therapeutic implications in immune thrombocytopenia
Authors: Chen Mengxing , Yan Rong , Zhou Kangxi , Li Xiaodong , Zhang Yang , Liu Chunliang , Jiang Mengxiao , Ye Honglei , Meng Xingjun , Pang Ningbo , Zhao Lili , Liu Jun , Xiao Weiling , Hu Renping , Cui Qingya , Zhong Wei , Zhao Yunxiao , Zhu Mingqing , Lin Anning , Ruan Changgeng , Dai Kesheng 
Published: October 2018

Significance
Immune thrombocytopenia (ITP) patients with antiplatelet glycoprotein (GP) Ib-IX autoantibodies appear refractory to conventional treatments; however, the mechanism remains elusive. Here we show that the platelets undergo apoptosis in ITP patients with anti-GPIbα autoantibodies. We demonstrate that anti-GPIbα antibody binding activates Akt, which elicits platelet apoptosis through activation of phosphodiesterase (PDE3A) and PDE3A-mediated PKA inhibition. Phosphatidylserine (PS) exposure results in phagocytosis of anti-GPIbα antibody-bound platelets by macrophages in the liver. Notably, inhibition or genetic ablation of Akt or Akt-regulated apoptotic signaling or blockage of PS exposure rescues the platelets from clearance. Therefore, our findings reveal pathogenic mechanisms of ITP with anti-GPIbα autoantibodies and, more importantly, suggest therapeutic strategies for thrombocytopenia caused by autoantibodies or other pathogenic factors.
The rhythms of narrative tension and its cultural satisfaction
Authors: Candel Daniel 
Published: October 2018

AbstractCritics reading narratives as progressions, that’s to say, from beginning to end, prefer to see meaning emerge as a result of the interaction between different elements in the narrative, rather than of the imposition of a priori cultural schemata. This article, however, argues for the possibility of using a priori cultural schemata, as long as these pass through the filters established by theories of narrative progression. To show how this is done, I will interpret Frank Miller’s comic300by letting a tool of cultural-semantic analysis interact with narrative tension in the form of suspense, curiosity, and surprise. I argue that the back and forth between narrative tension and the tool accounts not only for the content of the comic but also for its basic narrative rhythm.