bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A student-facilitated community-based support group initiative for Mental Health Care users in a Primary Health Care setting
Authors: Meiring Leana , Visser Maretha , Themistocleous Nicola 
Published: April 2018

Background: South African Mental Health Care (MHC) legislation advocates for supportive rehabilitative services in Primary Health Care (PHC) settings. PHC settings are often understaffed and MHC nurses in these settings overburdened with high patient loads. Alternative cost-effective psycho-social intervention strategies must be explored to supplement the overstrained MHC sector to meet the rehabilitative and supportive needs of service users in community settings. Using a social constructionist epistemology, this study aimed to highlight the value of a community-based support group for MHC users at a Tshwane District Community Health Centre. This was done by exploring the meaning group members attached to the group. The intervention was a collaborative partnership between a local University Psychology Department and the Department of Health, Tshwane District, utilising post-graduate psychology students as group facilitators.Methods: Qualitative research methods were applied. Data were collected using semistructured interviews and a collage-making and storytelling method. Thematic analysis highlighted the main themes representing the meaning the five participants ascribed to the group.Results: The findings suggest that the group offered the participants a sense of belonging and a means of social and emotional support. The group also created opportunity for learning, encouraged mental and physical mobilisation and stimulation, and served as an additional link to professional services. Conclusion: The findings suggest that student-facilitated support groups could offer a viable supplement for offering support to service users in PHC settings. The group assisted MHC users to cope with symptoms, social integration, and participating in meaningful activities as part of rehabilitation services.
Determinants of pricing objectives and price flexibility policies of pork-based agro-businesses in Mashonaland Central province, Zimbabwe
Authors: Ngarava Saul , Mushunje Abbyssinia 
Published: April 2018

Background: The article focuses on the pricing strategies that are used in a dynamic institutional environment of land reform and indigenisation policies. Zimbabwe underwent a land reform incorporating new players in the pork agribusinesses, as well as indigenisation, altering agro-business decision-making structures. One such decision is effective pricing. Aim: The objective of the study was to highlight the determinants of utilising a particular pricing objective and price flexibility policy in the Zimbabwean pork industry. Setting: The study examined the pricing objectives and price flexibility policies of pig producers, pork abattoirs and butcheries in Mashonaland Central province, Zimbabwe. Methods: The study used a cross-sectional, descriptive and quantitative survey of pig producers, pork abattoirs and pork butcheries. A structured precoded questionnaire-based interview of 166 pig producers, 6 pork abattoirs and 24 butchers was used as the data collection tool and method. A logit model was used for analysis, ascertaining determinants of a binary choice model. Results: The study found that agribusinesses’ pricing objectives were determined by the product portfolio, margin, merchandise handled, distance the furthest buyer travels and consideration of other industry players’ pricing at the p < 0.01 level. Furthermore, factors such as seasonality in April to September sales, quality considerations (p < 0.05), frequency of retailers and size considerations (p < 0.1) were also significant determinants of pricing objectives. Also, the agribusinesses’ price flexibility policies were shown to be determined by agribusiness location, average weight of merchandise, frequency of individual customers, size consideration and consideration of other industry players’ pricing at the p < 0.01 level. In addition, margin, frequency of abattoir buyers (p < 0.05) as well as pork product portfolio (p < 0.1) were also observed to be major factors towards a flexible pricing policy. Conclusion: The results suggest that pork industry players in Zimbabwe are myopic in their pricing strategies, having factors such as product portfolio, margin, merchandise handled and considerations of other industry players’ strategies as dualistically determining pricing objective and price flexibility policy utilised. The study recommends that pork industry players shift from myopic pricing objectives of profit and survival and devise new pricing strategies based on sales and competitive pricing. There is also need for less rigidity in flexible price policies to take advantage of the dynamic external environment.
Evolution des anticorps chez les bovins après immunisation contre la Brucellose par le vaccin tué H. 38
Authors: Renoux G. , Valette L. R. , Goret Pierre 
Published: April 2018

In five experiments on 164 cattle, each of a duration from 3 months to 2 years, the behaviour of agglutinating and C. F. antibodies créa- ted on bovine 7 to 18 months old, depending on the experiment, by Br. melitensis strain 53 H. 38 killed vaccine is studied alone or in comparison with similar effects of other antibrucellosis vaccines.
Post vaccinal antibodies due to H. 38 vaccine disapear more qui-ckely than those induced on bovine by strain 19 vaccine. There stand no specific agglutininins at the F. A. O./W. H. O. diagnostic level (100 I. U.) or C. F. antibodies (titer 1/4) 2 to 3 months after H. 38 vaccination. Five to 6 months after such a vaccination, there are no brucella antibodies at the suspicous titer (30 I. I .) retained by European and French authorities.
The are no remains of either antibodies one year after H. 38 vaccination, long before cattle has reached 30 months of age.
Thus, the killed in adjuvant, Br. melitensis strain H. 38, vaccine will not interfer with campagns of animal brucellosis control using a test policy.
Pouvoir pathogène expérimental pour le veau nouveau-né d’une souche d'Herpesvirus bovis inoculée par voie aérienne
Authors: Charton André , Parodi A. , Faye P. , Le Layec Cl. 
Published: April 2018

Une souche d'Herpesvirus bovis (ou virus «R. I. B.»), isolée d’une lésion étendue d’hépatisation pulmonaire prélevée à l’examen nécropsique d’un veau mort à cinq jours de «septicémie», après trois passages successifs en culture sur voiles monocellulaires de rein de veau embryonnaire, est inoculée, par voie intra-trachéale, au veau nouveau-né privé de colostrum.
La brutalité de la maladie expérimentale, l’importance des lésions de pneumonie interstitielle observées à l’examen nécropsique, leur nature anatomo-pathologique et histo-pathologique sont analogues à ce que l’on observe, fréquemment, en clinique bovine, dans les septicémies mortelles du nouveau-né.
Réponses, clinique et sérologique, du veau à l’inoculation par diverses voies (génitale, oculaire, pulmonaire) d’une souche d'Herpesvirus isolée d’une lésion de pneumonie du veau
Authors: Faye P. , Charton André , Le Layec Cl. 
Published: April 2018

Inoculée au veau, la souche HB 1 d'Herpesvirus bovis, provoque des réactions cliniques et immunologiques dont l’analyse permet d’apprécier :
a) l’influence de l’âge sur la réceptivité du veau, beaucoup plus faible à 6 mois qu’à la naissance, et celle de la voie d’inoculation sur la pathogénie et l’évolution clinique de l’infection ;
b) des différences de nature dans l’immunité partielle conférée par une première inoculation, selon la voie par laquelle celle-ci est effectuée ;
c) l’aspect cinétique de l’immunité humorale consécutive à l’infection expérimentale.
Solar rotational cycle in lightning activity in Japan during the 18–19th centuries
Authors: Miyahara Hiroko , Kataoka Ryuho , Mikami Takehiko , Zaiki Masumi , Hirano Junpei , Yoshimura Minoru , Aono Yasuyuki , Iwahashi Kiyomi 
Published: April 2018

Abstract. Thunderstorm and cloud activities sometimes show a 27-day period, and this has long been studied to uncover a possible important link
to solar rotation. Because the 27-day variations in the solar forcing parameters such as solar ultraviolet and galactic cosmic rays
become more prominent when the solar activity is high, it is expected that the signal of the 27-day period in meteorological
phenomena may wax and wane according to the changes in the solar activity level. In this study, we examine in detail the intensity
variations in the signal of the 27-day solar rotational period in thunder and lightning activity from the 18th to the 19th centuries
based on 150-year-long records found in old diaries kept in Japan and discuss their relation with the solar activity levels. Such
long records enable us to examine the signals of solar rotation at both high and low solar activity levels. We found that the signal
of the solar rotational period in the thunder and lightning activity increases as the solar activity increases. In this study, we
also discuss the possibility of the impact of the long-term climatological conditions on the signals of the 27-day period in
thunder/lightning activities. Keywords. Meteorology and atmospheric dynamics (lightning)
Antioxidant activity of tokaj essence
Authors: Eftimova Zuzana , Eftimová Jarmila , Balážová Ľudmila 
Published: April 2018

The aim of the presented experiment was to measure the content of total polyphenols and antioxidant potential of Tokaj essence from the years 1999, 2006, 2007, 2009, 2013, 2015. Tokaj essence is produced by fermentation of concentrated must from botrytised grape berries. The highest content of polyphenols was determined in the essence of 1999 (275.8 ±18.17 mg.L-1) and the lowest in the sample of 2015 (118.8 ±12.28 mg.L-1). Antioxidant activity was determined by two methods DPPH and PRAC (permanganate reducing antioxidant capacity). Antioxidant DPPH method showed that the essence of year 1999 had significantly the highest activity (63.4 ±0.81 µmol.L-1 Trolox) while essence of year 2015 (47.5 ±1.58 µmol.L-1 Trolox) featured the lowest activity. The results of method PRAC, which determine the total reducing capacity of the essence, do not correlate with the results of DPPH and total phenolic content, because of higher content of saccharides, which gave false positive test results. The method PRAC is not suitable for measuring antioxidant activity of tokaj esence. The results showed that aging of wine increased the content of polyphenols and also its antioxidant activity. High content of polyphenols and the great antioxidant activity of Tokaj wine receive their beneficial effect to human health.
Minimally Invasive Surgical Approach Using an Equal-Sized Plate as an External Guide to Lateral Malleolar Fractures
Authors: Aytekin Kürşad , Balta Orhan , Şahiner Göksel G. , Kurnaz Recep , Danışman Murat , Esenyel Cem Zeki 
Published: April 2018

Background:
For minimally invasive percutaneous plate osteosynthesis (MIPPO) techniques applied to fractures of the lateral malleolus, there is no external guide for inserting the plate, determining the incision, and inserting the screws as used for fractures in other regions. With MIPPO, fluoroscopy exposure is unavoidable. The MIPPO technique is advantageous for patients; however, the unavoidable problem with this method for the surgical team is repeated exposure to fluoroscopy. To expose the surgical team to least radiation, we used a novel technique with an equal-sized plate as an external guide. We present the results of patients treated with this technique.

Methods:
Patients with isolated lateral malleolar fracture who underwent MIPPO using an equal-sized anatomical lateral malleolar plate as an external guide were retrospectively investigated. VAS scores on postoperative day 1 and AOFAS scores at final evaluation were noted.

Results:
Twenty-six patients were included in the study. Mean ± SD follow-up was 42.46 ± 14.11 months. Mean ± SD VAS score on postoperative day 1 was 3.76 ± 2.58. On final evaluation, prominent implant was identified in two patients, with mean ± SD AOFAS score of 98.00 ± 2.17. No other complications were observed.

Conclusions:
Using an equal-sized plate as external guide may ensure less use of fluoroscopy while determining the incisions. Until an external guide is produced commercially for minimally invasive fixation of lateral malleolar fractures, this method ensures determination of incisions and insertion of screws without requiring the use of fluoroscopy and may be reliably used for minimally invasive surgery.
Scavenging Behavior of the Aquatic Eastern Hellbender Salamander (Cryptobranchus Alleganiensis) in North Carolina
Authors: Unger Shem D. 
Published: April 2018

Abstract:
Vertebrates may scavenge, or utilize carrion resources more than has been widely assumed (Devault et al. 2003). While documentation of scavengers in terrestrial and marine systems has received increased attention (Beasley et al. 2015; Davenport et al. 2016), little is known regarding scavengers in freshwater stream systems. Dominant fully aquatic salamanders are important foragers in these systems and may rival the biomass of predatory fish species (Davic and Welsh 2004). One fully aquatic salamander in Appalachian streams, the eastern hellbender (Cryptobranchus alleganiensis), occurs in NC streams which receive potentially large seasonal influxes of hatchery reared trout (NCWRC 2017). Moreover, few reports exist in the published literature on the food preferences of eastern hellbender salamanders. While hellbender diet is comprised of 90% crayfish based on stomach content analysis (Peterson et al. 1989), a small portion of their diet is thought to include fish or fish bait (Nickerson and Mays 1973). Barring a few anecdotal reports from fisherman, little is known regarding scavenging by hellbenders in NC.
Three-dimensional architecture of the whole human soleus muscle in vivo
Authors: Bolsterlee Bart , Finni Taija , D’Souza Arkiev , Eguchi Junya , Clarke Elizabeth C. , Herbert Robert D. 
Published: April 2018

Background
Most data on the architecture of the human soleus muscle have been obtained from cadaveric dissection or two-dimensional ultrasound imaging. We present the first comprehensive, quantitative study on the three-dimensional anatomy of the human soleus muscle in vivo using diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) techniques.

Methods
We report three-dimensional fascicle lengths, pennation angles, fascicle curvatures, physiological cross-sectional areas and volumes in four compartments of the soleus at ankle joint angles of 69 ± 12° (plantarflexion, short muscle length; average ± SD across subjects) and 108 ± 7° (dorsiflexion, long muscle length) of six healthy young adults. Microdissection and three-dimensional digitisation on two cadaveric muscles corroborated the compartmentalised structure of the soleus, and confirmed the validity of DTI-based muscle fascicle reconstructions.

Results
The posterior compartments of the soleus comprised 80 ± 5% of the total muscle volume (356 ± 58 cm3). At the short muscle length, the average fascicle length, pennation angle and curvature was 37 ± 8 mm, 31 ± 3° and 17 ± 4 /m, respectively. We did not find differences in fascicle lengths between compartments. However, pennation angles were on average 12° larger (p < 0.01) in the posterior compartments than in the anterior compartments. For every centimetre that the muscle-tendon unit lengthened, fascicle lengths increased by 3.7 ± 0.8 mm, pennation angles decreased by −3.2 ± 0.9° and curvatures decreased by −2.7 ± 0.8 /m. Fascicles in the posterior compartments rotated almost twice as much as in the anterior compartments during passive lengthening.

Discussion
The homogeneity in fascicle lengths and inhomogeneity in pennation angles of the soleus may indicate a functionally different role for the anterior and posterior compartments. The data and techniques presented here demonstrate how DTI can be used to obtain detailed, quantitative measurements of the anatomy of complex skeletal muscles in living humans.
MODELAGEM MATEMÁTICA NA SALA DE AULA: UMA ABORDAGEM INTERDISCIPLINAR NO ENSINO DE FÍSICA
Authors: Soares Maria Rosana 
Published: April 2018

Este artigo objetiva apresentar e discutir as contribuições obtidas por meio das atividades de Modelagem sobre energia elétrica no Ensino de Física. Isso foi aplicado em colégios estaduais, Paraná. O estudo se orienta a partir de pesquisas bibliográficas e práticas; metodologicamente, faz uso da pesquisa qualitativa e do tipo estudo de caso, em que as coletas de dados se deram por meio da observação, intervenção na pesquisa, dados extraídos dela e questionário pós-teste: dados retirados da COPEL, anotações, registros e materiais elaborados pelos sujeitos. Portanto, as atividades desenvolvidas de Modelagem propiciaram contribuições aos sujeitos em termos sociais, ambientais, financeiros e conceitos estudados e pesquisados, pois eles evidenciaram a relevância do uso racional da energia elétrica e seu uso consciente cotidianamente.
HISTÓRIA DA MATEMÁTICA NA EDUCAÇÃO PROFISSIONAL: UMA ANÁLISE DE LIVROS-TEXTO DE ELETRÔNICA DIGITAL E DE CIRCUITOS DE CORRENTE CONTÍNUA
Authors: Sá Lauro Chagas e , Sá Fabricio Bortolini de , Polonini Giuseppe Togneri , Soares Joice De Souza 
Published: April 2018

Este trabalho apresenta uma pesquisa relacionada à História da Matemática que analisou como os livros-texto de Eletrônica Digital e de Circuitos de Corrente Contínua abordam elementos históricos relacionados à Álgebra de Boole e às Leis de Kirchhoff, respectivamente. As obras analisadas pertencem ao acervo da biblioteca da nossa instituição e são utilizadas como referências nas disciplinas do Curso Técnico em Automação Industrial Integrado ao Ensino Médio. No que tange ao aspecto metodológico, desenvolvemos uma pesquisa bibliográfica, selecionando para análise os livros mais acessados pelos estudantes em cada disciplina. Verificamos que a maioria dos exemplares analisados não apresenta adequadamente a história. Como acreditamos que a formação profissional deve compreender conhecimentos técnicos e científicos em sua historicidade, concluímos que seria importante investigar as possibilidades da História da Ciência para o ensino da técnica.
The Potential of a Multidecade Spaceborne Lidar Record to Constrain Cloud Feedback
Authors: Chepfer H. , Noel V. , Chiriaco M. , Wielicki B. , Winker D. , Loeb N. , Wood R. 
Published: April 2018

AbstractSynthetic multidecadal spaceborne lidar records are used to examine when a cloud response to anthropogenic forcing would be detectable from spaceborne lidar observations. The synthetic records are generated using long‐term cloud changes predicted by two Coupled Model Intercomparison Program 5 models seen through the COSP/lidar (CFMIP, Cloud Feedback Model Intercomparison Project, Observation Simulators Package) and cloud interannual variability observed by the CALIPSO (Cloud Aerosol Lidar and Infrared Pathfinder Satellite Observations) spaceborne lidar during the past decade. CALIPSO observations do not show any significant trend yet. Our analysis of the synthetic time series suggests that the tropical cloud longwave feedback and the Southern Ocean cloud shortwave feedback might be constrained with 70% confidence with, respectively, a 20‐year and 29‐year uninterrupted lidar‐in‐space record. A 27‐year record might be needed to separate the two different model predictions in the tropical subsidence clouds. Assuming that combining the CALIPSO and Earth‐CARE (Earth Clouds, Aerosols and Radiation Explorer) missions will lead to a spaceborne lidar record of at least 16 years, we examine the impact of gaps and calibration offsets between successive missions. A 2‐year gap between Earth‐CARE and the following spaceborne lidar would have no significant impact on the capability to constrain the cloud feedback if all the space lidars were perfectly intercalibrated. Any intercalibration shift between successive lidar missions would delay the capability to constrain the cloud feedback mechanisms, larger shifts leading to longer delays.
The effect of fear‐inducing content on memory for advertisements and on retroactive and proactive interference of programme information
Authors: Akram Zara , McClelland Alastair , Furnham Adrian 
Published: April 2018

SummaryThe current study focused on whether fear‐inducing content in television advertisements leads to better memory for the advertisement but also impairs memory for programme information that either precedes the advertisements (retroactive interference) or that follows the advertisements (proactive interference). Fifty‐four participants (48 female) aged 18 to 55 watched a programme that had an advertisement break in the centre. This consisted of 6 advertisements with either fear‐inducing or nonfear‐inducing content. Participants were tested on their recall and recognition of the advertisement information as well as their recall of the first half and second half of the programme. The results indicated that fear‐inducing advertisements were better recalled than those that elicited no fear, and there was also evidence of proactive interference from fear‐inducing advertisements on programme recall. Limitations and implications of the study are discussed.
Willingness to transmit and the spread of pseudoscientific beliefs
Authors: Mercier H. , Majima Y. , Miton H. 
Published: April 2018

SummaryPseudoscientific beliefs are widespread and can be damaging. If several studies have examined the factors leading people to accept pseudoscientific beliefs, no attention has been paid to the factors contributing to people's willingness to transmit these beliefs. To test whether the willingness to transmit pseudoscientific beliefs contributes to their spread, independent of their believability, we asked participants to rate statements corresponding either to pseudoscientific beliefs (Myths), or to their (correct) negations (Non‐Myths). Statements were rated on believability, on how willing participants would be to transmit them, and on how knowledgeable they would make someone who produces them. Results revealed that participants who believed in Myths were more willing to transmit them than the participants who believed in Non‐Myths were willing to transmit Non‐Myths. A potential factor driving the increased willingness to transmit both Myths and Non‐Myths might be participants' belief that holding the beliefs makes one seem more knowledgeable.