bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Time patterns of recurrence and second primary tumors in a large cohort of patients treated for oral cavity cancer
Authors: Brands Maria T. , Smeekens Elisabeth A. J. , Takes Robert P. , Kaanders Johannes H. A. M. , Verbeek Andre L. M. , Merkx Matthias A. W. , Geurts Sandra M. E. 
Published: August 2019

AbstractIntroductionRoutine follow‐up after curative treatment of patients with oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) is common practice considering the high risk of second primaries and recurrences (ie second events). Current guidelines advocate a follow‐up period of at least 5 years. The recommendations are not evidence‐based and benefits are unclear. This is even more so for follow‐up after a second event. To facilitate the development of an evidence‐ and personalized follow‐up program for OSCC, we investigated the course of time until the second and subsequent events and studied the risk factors related to these events.Materials and methodsWe retrospectively studied 594 OSCC patients treated with curative intent at the Head and Neck Cancer Unit of the Radboud University Medical Centre from 2000 to 2012. Risk of recurrence was calculated addressing death from intercurrent diseases as competing event.ResultsThe 1‐, 5‐ and 10‐year cumulative risks of a second event were 17% (95% CI:14%;20%), 30% (95% CI:26%;33%), and 37% (95% CI:32%;41%). Almost all locoregional recurrences occurred in the first 2 years after treatment. The incidence of second primary tumors was relatively stable over the years. The time pattern of presentation of third events was similar.DiscussionOur findings support a follow‐up time of 2 years after curative treatment for OSCC. Based on the risk of recurrence there is no indication for a different follow‐up protocol after first and second events. After 2 years, follow‐up should be tailored to the individual needs of patients for supportive care, and monitoring of late side‐effects of treatment.
Synthesis and Antioxidant Ability of Novel Derivatives Based on para‐Coumaric Acid Containing Isobornyl Groups
Authors: Buravlev Evgeny V. , Dvornikova Irina A. , Schevchenko Oksana G. , Kutchin Aleksandr V. 
Published: August 2019

AbstractA series of novel esters and amides was synthesized on the basis of para‐coumaric acid containing isobornyl groups in ortho‐positions relative to the phenolic hydroxy group. Antioxidant properties of the obtained compounds were evaluated and compared on in vitro models: radical‐scavenging ability, antioxidant activity on a substrate containing the lipids of animal brain, cytotoxicity of red blood cells, antioxidant and membrane‐protective properties on the model of oxidative red blood cells hemolysis. Statistically significant relationship was established between the antioxidant activity of the studied compounds in model system containing animal lipids and the parameters reflecting their antioxidant properties on the model of H2O2‐induced hemolysis of red blood cells. It was determined that an amide with a morpholine fragment has the highest antioxidant activity. The specified derivative significantly surpassed the reference substances (parent acid, BHT) and was not inferior to the effective antioxidant 2,6‐diisobornyl‐4‐methylphenol in terms of its properties.
Comparison between functional and intravascular imaging approaches guiding percutaneous coronary intervention: A network meta‐analysis of randomized and propensity matching studies
Authors: Iannaccone Mario , Abdirashid Mohamed , Annone Umberto , Saint‐Hilary Gaëlle , Meier Pascal , Chieffo Alaide , Chen Sl , di Mario Carlo , Conrotto Federico , Omedè Pierluigi , Montefusco Antonio , De Benedictis Michele , Rettegno Sara , Doronzo Baldassare , Gasparini Mauro , Rinaldi Mauro , D'Amico Maurizio , D'Ascenzo Fabrizio 
Published: August 2019

AbstractBackgroundThe optimal approach to guide percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) has yet to be defined. The aim of this study was to compare functional driven (fractional flow reserve) versus intravascular imaging (intravascular ultrasound, IVUS, and/or optical coherence tomography, OCT) versus standard (coronary angiography only, CA)‐guided PCI.MethodsRandomized controlled trials (RCTs) and propensity score weight‐matched studies (PSWMs) comparing FFR versus IVUS versus OCT versus CA‐guided PCI were included. Major adverse cardiovascular event (MACE; a composite end point of death or myocardial infarction [MI] or revascularization) was the primary endpoint, whereas definite stent thrombosis (ST) and single components of MACE were the secondary ones. Primary analyses were performed including only RCTs, secondary also with PSWMs.ResultsThirty‐three studies were included in the analysis, 16 RCTs and 17 PSWMs. After 2 (1–3) years, IVUS performed better for MACE than CA (odds ratio [OR] 0.75 0.52–0.88), whereas there was just a trend for FFR (OR 0.81, 0.64–1.02). These results were mainly driven by reduced risk of all cause death, MI (FFR OR 0.74:0.57–0.99 and IVUS OR 0.82:0.54–0.94) and revascularization. IVUS reduced ST while FFR did not, and at meta‐regression analysis, there was a trend for superiority of IVUS versus FFR to reduce subsequent MI in acute coronary syndrome (ACS) patients. The present results were consistent also after adding studies with PSWMs.ConclusionsFunctional and intravascular imaging approaches seem to perform similarly in term of clinical outcomes, while both performed better compared with the standard approach. Imaging showed a potential benefit for ACS patients. The present results stress the need for a wider use of functional or imaging driven PCI.
Fluorescent light energy: A new therapeutic approach to effectively treating acne conglobata and hidradenitis suppurativa
Authors: Koceva Ikonija , Rümmelein Bettina , Gerber Peter Arne , Edge Deirdre , Nielsen Michael Canova Engelbrecht 
Published: August 2019

AbstractThe Kleresca® biophotonic platform utilizing fluorescent light energy (FLE) effectively treated both acne conglobata and hidradenitis suppurativa. FLE decreased the presence of inflammatory nodules, cysts, and associated erythema. It also supported a healing response to improve skin texture. FLE offers a new treatment approach to recalcitrant inflammatory skin conditions.
Selective Conversion of Furoic Acid Derivatives to Multi‐Substituted Furanacrylate by a Ruthenium Catalyst
Authors: Li Feng , Li Xinglong , Gong Tianjun , Fu Yao 
Published: August 2019

AbstractFuranacrylate derivatives, as a class of multi‐substituted furan compounds, have been widely used in drug synthesis, organic functional materials, novel polymer monomers, etc. In this paper, direct alkenylation and decarboxylation‐alkenylation of furoic acid derivatives to furanacrylate were carried out by efficient [Ru(p‐cymene)Cl2]2 catalyst. The effects of reaction parameters on product distribution were investigated and discussed in detail. Up to 76 % and 80 % isolated yield of furanacrylate by direct alkenylation and decarboxylation‐alkenylation of furoic acid derivatives were obtained at 80 °C and 125 °C, respectively. A good substrate compatibility was disclosed through the screening of substrate scope. Meanwhile, Ru(II) or Cu(II) was essential for decarboxylation according to the control experiments. This opened a new general route from biomass‐derived compounds to functionalized multi‐substituted furan compounds.
Constrained sintering of Bi2O3‐doped ZnO
Authors: Wu Cheng‐Feng , Jean Jau‐Ho 
Published: August 2019

AbstractEffects of Bi2O3 on densification kinetics and mechanism of a polycrystalline ZnO ceramics under free and constrained sintering have been investigated. With the presence of 1‐5 wt% Bi2O3, the densification temperature of ZnO is reduced from 1200°C to 850°C under free sintering. Although the densification kinetics of ZnO + 1 wt% Bi2O3 is slowed down due to the presence of in‐plain tensile stress generated during constrained sintering, a high degree of densification of >95% at 950°C is still obtained. The above phenomena are attributed to the formation of Bi2O3‐rich intergranular glassy film at the grain boundaries, yielding a decrease in the grain boundary energy and an increase in the grain boundary migration kinetics of ZnO. Results of molecular dynamics simulation confirm the above observations, at which the ratio of grain boundary energy of ZnO between with and without 1 wt% Bi2O3 is consistent with that obtained experimentally.
Magnetic‐Field‐Manipulated Growth of Flow‐Driven Precipitate Membrane Tubes
Authors: Takács Dóra , Schuszter Gábor , Sebők Dániel , Kukovecz Ákos , Horváth Dezső , Tóth Ágota 
Published: August 2019

AbstractChemobrionics is an emerging scientific field focusing on the coupling of chemical reactions and different forms of motion, that is, transport processes. Numerous phenomena appearing in various gradient fields, for example, pH, concentration, temperature, and so on, are thoroughly investigated to mimic living systems in which spatial separation plays a major role in proper functioning. In this context, chemical garden experiments have received increased attention because they inherently involve membrane formation and various transport processes. In this work, a noninvasive external magnetic field was applied to gain control over the directionality of membrane structures obtained by injecting one reactant solution into the other in a three‐dimensional domain. The geometry of the resulted patterns was quantitatively characterized as a function of the injection rate and the magnitude of magnetic induction. The magnetic field was proven to influence the microstructure of precipitate tubes by diminishing spatial defects.
Optimization methodology for the material assignation in bioprinted scaffolds to achieve the desired stiffness over time
Authors: Paz Rubén , Monzón Mario D. 
Published: August 2019

AbstractThe optimum scaffold for tissue engineering must guarantee the mechanical integrity in the damaged zone and ensure an appropriate stiffness to regulate the cellular function. For this to happen, scaffolds must be designed to match the stiffness of the native tissue. Moreover, the degradation rate in the case of bioresorbable materials must also be considered to fit the tissue regeneration rate. This paper presents a methodology based on design of experiments, finite element analysis, metamodels, and genetic algorithms to optimize the assignation of material in different sections of the scaffold to obtain the desired stiffness over time and comply with the constraints needed. The method applies an initial sampling focused on a modified Latin Hypercube strategy to obtain data from the simulations. These data are used in the next stages to generate the metamodels by using kriging. The predictions of the metamodels are used by the genetic algorithms to find the best estimated solutions. Different runs of the genetic algorithm drive the sampling, improving the accuracy of the surrogate models over the optimization process. Once the accuracy of the metamodels estimates is sufficient, a final genetic algorithm is applied to obtain the optimum design. This approach guarantees a low sampling effort and convergence to carry out the optimization process. The method allows the combination of discrete and continuous design variables in the optimization problem, and it can be applied both in solid and in hierarchical‐based geometries.
Synthesis and evaluation of several high absorbance black pigments for spacecraft thermal control coatings
Authors: Kiomarsipour Narges , Ghasemi Mohsen , Ghani Kamal 
Published: August 2019

AbstractUsing black coatings and materials with high light absorbance that are capable of absorbing photons at visible and longer wavelengths is a very effective way to reduce unwanted stray light, also known as optical noise, within optical equipment. These lights can be greatly reduced to a reasonable level by functional and performable black coatings that are modified to absorb incident light as much as possible by their specific pigments. In the present work, several carbonaceous pigments were synthesized for the first time from wasteful materials and their optical properties in the visible and near‐infrared ranges studied. First, MCM‐48 and SBA‐15 were synthesized at different conditions and were then used as templates for carbonaceous products. SSS‐1 (the carbonic pigment synthesized by the mixture of sucrose and sodium silicate), SSS‐2 (the carbonic pigment synthesized by the mixture of sawdust and sodium silicate), and mesoporous carbon pigments (CMK‐3 and CMK‐1 with different levels of saturations) were synthesized. Finally, their structure, morphology, and optical properties were investigated by X‐ray diffraction (XRD), Field Emission Scanning Electron Microscopy (FE‐SEM), and Diffuse Reflectance Spectroscopy (DRS). The results indicated that the SSS‐1 pigment had a lower reflectance (below 1%) than carbon black (about 2.5%) in the visible region despite it being more cost‐effective than carbon black. The mesoporous pigments showed very high light absorbance in the visible region (about 2.5%). Compared with other black pigments, the CMK‐1 was the blackest synthesized material with a very low reflectance (about 0.05% in visible region), making it an ideal candidate as a super black pigment for reducing unwanted stray light within optical equipment.
Coloured shadows—Why they can be photographed
Authors: Sik‐Lanyi Cecilia , Szücs Veronika , Hirschler Robert 
Published: August 2019

AbstractColoured shadows have been observed, studied, and described for centuries, raising heated debates on whether they were objective or subjective, real or imaginary, psychological or physiological. We can demonstrate this phenomenon by projecting coloured light from one and white light from the other projector on a screen, where an object casts two shadows: one (illuminated by coloured light) expectedly coloured and the other (illuminated by white light) unexpectedly coloured. One of the seemingly most solid arguments for the objectivity of the unexpected colour was the fact that it could be photographed. The aim of this work was to photograph the shadows both with conventional (colour slide film) and digital cameras and explain why the unexpected colour of the shadows appears in these photographs. With spectroradiometric measurements of the shadows themselves and also those of the photographs, it may be proven that this is simply a spectacular case of adaptation and simultaneous contrast. Digital rendering of the coloured shadow situation also supports this conclusion. Coloured shadows are excellent tools for the demonstration of adaptation and simultaneous contrast.
Improving unsupervised saliency detection by migrating from RGB to multispectral images
Authors: Martínez Miguel Á. , Etchebehere Sergi , Valero Eva M. , Nieves Juan L. 
Published: August 2019

AbstractSaliency detection has been an important topic during the last decade. The main goal of saliency detection models is to detect the most relevant objects in a given scene. Most of these models use RGB (Red, Green, Blue) images as an input because they mainly focus on applications where features (eg, faces, textures, colors, or human silhouettes) are extracted from color images, and there are many labeled databases available for RGB‐based saliency data. Nevertheless, the use of RGB inputs clearly limits the amount of information from where to extract the salient regions as spectral information is lost during the color image recording. On the contrary, multispectral systems are able to capture more than three bands in a single capture and can retrieve information from the full spectrum at a pixel. The main aim of this study is to investigate the advantages of using multispectral images instead of RGB images for saliency detection within the framework of unsupervised models. We compare the performance of several unsupervised saliency models with both RGB and multispectral images using a specific dataset of multispectral images with ground‐truth data extracted from observers' fixation patterns. Our results show a general improvement when multispectral information is taken into account. The saliency maps estimated by using the multispectral features are closer to the ground‐truth data, with the simplest Graph‐based visual saliency and Boolean Map‐based models showing good relative gain compared with other approaches.
On‐Surface Synthesis of Porous Carbon Nanoribbons on Silver: Reaction Kinetics and the Influence of the Surface Structure
Authors: Ammon Maximilian , Haller Martin , Sorayya Shadi , Maier Sabine 
Published: August 2019

AbstractWe report on the influence of the surface structure and the reaction kinetics in the bottom‐up fabrication of porous nanoribbons on silver surfaces using low‐temperature scanning tunneling microscopy. The porous carbon nanoribbons are fabricated by the polymerization of 1,3,5‐tris(3‐bromophenyl)benzene directly on the Ag surface using an Ullmann‐type reaction in combination with dehydrogenative coupling reactions. We demonstrate the successful on‐surface synthesis of porous nanoribbons on Ag(111) and Ag(100) even though the self‐assemblies of the intermediate organometallic structures and covalently‐linked polymer chains are different on both surfaces. Furthermore, we present the formation of isolated porous nanoribbons by kinetic control. Our results give valuable insights into the role of substrate‐induced templating effects and the reaction kinetics in the on‐surface synthesis of conformationally flexible molecules.
Pleomorphic adenoma with bizarre myoepithelial cells: A diagnostic challenge on cytologic smear
Authors: Taweevisit Mana , Thorner Paul S. 
Published: August 2019

AbstractThe diagnosis on fine needle aspiration of salivary gland tumors with a myoepithelial component is challenging because myoepithelial cells can have a wide cytomorphologic spectrum. The authors report a case of a pleomorphic adenoma of the parotid gland that expands the spectrum of appearances that myoepithelial cells can show with this tumor. A 55‐year‐old female was found to have a right parotid gland mass. FNA showed hypercellularity, with loosely cohesive fragments of spindle‐shaped myoepithelial cells admixed with small nests of epithelial cells. Interspersed may occasional bizarre cells possessing severely pleomorphic nuclei with hyperchromasia. The cytologic diagnosis was “suspicious for carcinoma ex pleomorphic adenoma.” A total parotidectomy was performed with complete resection of the tumor that was confirmed to be a pleomorphic adenoma. The pleomorphic cells noted on FNA were scattered throughout the tumor, and were positive by immunostaining for keratin, S‐100 protein and p63, identifying them as myoepithelial cells. These cells did not show mitotic activity and were negative for Ki67. The pleomorphic adenoma showed extensive degenerative changes including central cyst formation, stromal hyalinization and hemosiderin deposition. On the basis of the combined light microscopic and immunohistochemical findings, there was no evidence to support a malignant change in the pleomorphic adenoma. It was concluded the pleomorphic myoepithelial cells were a degenerative change, reminiscent of what is seen in “ancient” schwannoma and some uterine leiomyomata. Our case expands the spectrum of appearances that can be seen in myoepithelial cells in the salivary gland.
Intranodal palisaded myofibroblastoma of para‐esophageal lymph node: Case report with cytologic and histologic findings
Authors: Hu Jingjing , Tipps Ann M. P. , Hasteh Farnaz , Lin Grace , Zare Somaye Y. 
Published: August 2019

AbstractIntranodal palisaded myofibroblastoma is a rare lymph node mesenchymal neoplasm that most commonly arises in inguinal lymph nodes. There is limited data about cytologic features of this tumor and its diagnostic pitfalls. The combination of bland appearing spindle cells, fibrillary matrix, and hemosiderin pigments are the characteristic features of this neoplasm in cytologic specimens.
Cyp1B1 expression patterns in the developing chick inner ear
Authors: Cardeña‐Núñez Sheila , Sánchez‐Guardado Luis Ó. , Hidalgo‐Sánchez Matías 
Published: August 2019

AbstractBackgroundRetinoic acid (RA) plays an important role in organogenesis as a paracrine signal through transcriptional regulation of an increasing number of known downstream target genes, regulating cell proliferation, and differentiation. During the development of the inner ear, RA directly governs the morphogenesis and specification processes mainly by means of RA‐synthesizing retinaldehyde dehydrogenase (RALDH) enzymes. Interestingly, CYP1B1, a cytochrome P450 enzyme, is able to mediate the oxidative metabolisms also leading to RA generation, its expression patterns being associated with many known sites of RA activity.ResultsThis study describes for the first time the presence of CYP1B1 in the developing chick inner ear as a RALDH‐independent RA‐signaling mechanism. In our in situ hybridization analysis, Cyp1B1 expression was first observed in a domain located in the ventromedial wall of the otic anlagen, being included within the rostralmost aspect of an Fgf10‐positive pan‐sensory domain. As development proceeds, all identified Fgf10‐positive areas were Cyp1B1 stained, with all sensory patches being Cyp1B1 positive at stage HH34, except the macula neglecta.ConclusionsCyp1B1 expression suggested a possible contribution of CYP1B1 action in the specification of the lateral‐to‐medial and dorsal‐to‐ventral axes of the developing chick inner ear.
The failure of success: cyclic recurrences of a globally invasive pest
Authors: Zhao Zihua , Hui Cang , Plant Richard E. , Su Min , Papadopoulos Nikos T. , Carpenter Tim E. , Li Zhihong , Carey James R. 
Published: August 2019

AbstractIn the six decades since 1960, the oriental fruit fly, Bactrocera dorsalis (Hendel), has been announced successfully eradicated in California by the U.S. Department of Agriculture a total of 564 times. This includes eradication declarations in one city a total of 25 different years, in 12 cities 8–19 different years, and in 101 cities 2–7 different years. We here show that the false negatives in declaring elimination success hinge on the easily achieved regulatory criteria, which have virtually guaranteed the failure of complete extirpation of this pest. Analyses of the time series of fly detection over California placed on a grid of 100‐km2 cells revealed (1) partial success of the eradication program in controlling the invasion of the oriental fruit fly; (2) low prevalence of the initial detection in these cells is often followed by high prevalence of recurrences; (3) progressively shorter intervals between years of consecutive detections; and (4) high likelihood of early‐infested cells also experiencing the most frequent outbreaks. Facing the risk of recurrent invasions, such short‐term eradication programs have only succeeded annually according to the current regulatory criteria but have failed to achieve the larger goal of complete extirpation of the oriental fruit fly. Based on the components and running costs of the current programs, we further estimated the efficiency of eradication programs with different combinations of eradication radius, duration, and edge impermeability in reducing invasion recurrences and slowing the spread of the oriental fruit fly. We end with policy implications including the need for agricultural agencies worldwide to revisit eradication protocols in which monitoring and treatments are terminated when the regulatory criteria for declaring eradication are met. Our results also have direct implications to invasion biologists and agriculture policy makers regarding long‐term risks of short‐term expediency.