bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Circulating MicroRNAs as potential biomarkers for cerebral collateral circulation in symptomatic carotid stenosis
Authors: Liang Wenwen , Huang Bingcang , Shi Qin , Yang Xuelian , Zhang Hanwen , Chen Wei 
Published: November 2024

BackgroundCerebral collateral circulation (CCC) considerably improves the prognosis of patients with symptomatic carotid stenosis (SCS). This study evaluated the diagnostic value of plasma microRNAs (miRNAs) in determining CCC status in patients with SCS.MethodsThis single-center observational study enrolled patients with ≥50% carotid artery stenosis diagnosed using Doppler ultrasound. CCC was assessed using cerebrovascular digital subtraction angiography (DSA). Quantitative reverse transcription–polymerase chain reaction was used to determine the expression levels of plasma miRNAs. A multivariate logistic regression model and receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve were used to analyze the diagnostic value of plasma miRNA expression in determining CCC status.ResultsA total of 43 patients were enrolled (28 with CCC and 15 without CCC). The plasma expression levels of miR-126-3p, miR-132-3p, and miR-210-3p were significantly higher and those of miR-16-3p and miR-92-3p were significantly lower in patients with CCC. After adjusting for age, gender, drinking history, comorbidities and degree of SCS, miR-92a-3p, miR-126-3p, miR-132-3p, and miR-210-3p were found to be significantly associated with CCC establishment (p &lt; 0.05). ROC curve analysis indicated a high diagnostic value of these miRNAs in determining CCC status [area under the curve (AUC): 0.918–0.965], with miR-126-3p exhibiting the highest predictive performance (AUC: 0.965). Subgroup analysis revealed that patients with CCC who had 50%–70% stenosis showed significantly higher expression level of miR-126-3p, whereas those with CCC who had 70%–99% stenosis showed significantly higher expression levels of miR-126-3p, miR-132-3p, and miR-210-3p as well as significantly lower expression levels of miR-15a-3p, miR-16-3p, and miR-92a-3p.ConclusionThe results indicate that these six plasma miRNAs have promising diagnostic value in determining CCC status in varying degrees of SCS. These miRNAs can serve as biomarkers for CCC status following SCS, with miR-126-3p showing the strongest positive correlation.
Research on the local path planning of an orchard mower based on safe corridor and quadratic programming
Authors: Li Jun , Li Haomin , Zeng Ye , Jiang Runpeng , Mai Chaodong , Ma Zhe , Cai Jiamin , Xiao Boyi 
Published: November 2024

IntroductionPath planning algorithms are challenging to implement with mobile robots in orchards due to kinematic constraints and unstructured environments with narrow and irregularly distributed obstacles.MethodsTo address these challenges and ensure operational safety, a local path planning method for orchard mowers is proposed in this study. This method accounts for the structural characteristics of the mowing operation route and utilizes a path-velocity decoupling method for local planning based on following the global reference operation route, which includes two innovations. First, a depth-first search method is used to quickly construct safe corridors and determine the detour direction, providing a convex space for the optimization algorithm. Second, we introduce piecewise jerk and curvature restriction into quadratic programming to ensure high-order continuity and curvature feasibility of the path, which reduce the difficulty of tracking control. We present a simulation and real-world evaluation of the proposed method.ResultsThe results of this approach implemented in an orchard environment show that in the detouring static obstacle scenario, compared with those of the dynamic lattice method and the improved hybrid A* algorithm, the average curvature of the trajectory of the proposed method is reduced by 2.45 and 3.11 cm–1, respectively; the square of the jerk is reduced by 124 and 436 m2/s6, respectively; and the average lateral errors are reduced by 0.55 cm and 4.97 cm, respectively, which significantly improves the path smoothness and facilitates tracking control. To avoid dynamic obstacles while traversing the operation route, the acceleration is varied in the range of -0.21 to 0.09 m/s2. In the orchard environment, using a search range of 40 m × 5 m and a resolution of 0.1 m, the proposed method has an average computation time of 9.6 ms. This is a significant improvement over the open space planning algorithm and reduces the average time by 12.4 ms compared to that of the dynamic lattice method, which is the same as that of the structured environment planning algorithm.DiscussionThe results show that the proposed method achieves a 129% improvement in algorithmic efficiency when applied to solve the path planning problem of mower operations in an orchard environment and confirm the clear advantages of the proposed method.
Genome-wide linkage mapping of Fusarium crown rot in common wheat (Triticum aestivum L.)
Authors: Li Faji , Guo Can , Zhao Qi , Wen Weie , Zhai Shengnan , Cao Xinyou , Liu Cheng , Cheng Dungong , Guo Jun , Zi Yan , Liu Aifeng , Song Jianmin , Liu Jianjun , Liu Jindong , Li Haosheng 
Published: November 2024

IntroductionFusarium crown rot (FCR) is a severe soil-borne disease that affects wheat globally and leads to significant yield reductions. Identifying the loci associated with resistance to FCR and developing corresponding markers are essential for the breeding of resistant wheat varieties.MethodsIn this study, we evaluated the resistance to FCR in a recombinant inbred line (RIL) population originating from Gaocheng 8901 and Zhoumai 16 across four environments. The RILs and their parents were genotyped using a wheat 90K singlenucleotide polymorphism (SNP) array.ResultsWe identified a total of five quantitative trait loci (QTLs) related to FCR resistance: QFCR.caas-3AL, QFCR.caas-3DL, QFCR.caas-5BL, QFCR.caas-6BS, and QFCR.caas-7DS. These QTLs accounted for 4.6% to 12.8% of the phenotypic variance. Notably, QFCR.caas-5BL and QFCR.caas-6BS had been previously detected, whereas QFCR.caas-3AL, QFCR.caas-3DL, and QFCR.caas-7DS are novel loci. The favorable alleles of QFCR.caas-3DL and QFCR.caas-5BL were contributed by Zhoumai 16, while the favorable alleles for QFCR.caas-3AL, QFCR.caas-6BS, and QFCR.caas-7DS originated from Gaocheng 8901. Additionally, this study identified seven candidate genes that encode disease resistance proteins, the BTB/POZ domains, peroxidase activity, and leucine-rich repeat receptor-like protein kinase. Furthermore, we developed and validated two kompetitive allele-specific PCR (KASP) markers, Kasp_3AL_FCR (QFCR.caas-3AL) and Kasp_5BL_FCR (QFCR.caas-5BL), in a natural population of 202 wheat varieties.DiscussionThis study contributes new genetic insights and provides new stable loci and available KASP markers for breeding to enhance FCR resistance in common wheat.
Palms are unique: clade‐level pattern of the leaf-height-seed strategy scheme
Authors: Li Xiaolan , Fu Shijia , Zhang Mingming , Yu Fei , Wang Yang , Yi Xianfeng 
Published: November 2024

IntroductionThe leaf-height-seed (LHS) plant ecology strategy scheme posits that functional traits such as leaf size, stem height and seed mass play a key role in life history of plants. Although many studies have explored the LHS scheme across plant species, to our knowledge, no study has so far linked functional trait patterns across different plant clades.MethodsHere, we first explored the LHS scheme of several plant clades, i.e., palms, other monocots, dicots and gymnosperms, to understand how potential forces drive variation of plant functional traits.ResultsWe showed that phylogeny constrains plant functional traits and appears to be the most decisive factor that controls variation in seed mass irrespective of plant clades. Apart from phylogeny, a majority of variation in seed mass was explained by leaf size in palms clade, whereas by plant height in other monocots and dicots. Neither leaf size nor plant height well explained variation in seed mass of gymnosperms clade.ConclusionOur study strongly suggests that different plant clades exhibit distinct LHS schemes, paving a new avenue for better understanding evolution and correlation between functional traits across sets of plant species.
Simulation analysis of the preventative effects of planting sweet corn on nitrate leaching in a cherry greenhouse soil
Authors: Hou Sen , Fu Quanjuan , Li Huifeng , Gao Rui , Sun Yugang , Wei Guoqin 
Published: November 2024

IntroductionTo ensure higher productivity, fertilizers have been excessively applied to the fruit greenhouse soil yearly, thus resulting in the increasing risks of residual nitrate leaching in the North China Plain.MethodsIn this study, a water and solute transport HYDRUS-1D model was used to evaluate the effects of using sweet corn as a catch crop on deep water drainage and nitrate leaching in a sweet cherry greenhouse soil. A three-year (2019–2021) field experiment was conducted during the rainfall season from July to September in the post-harvest of sweet cherry, when the plastic cover was removed each year. In the experiment, the five treatments were designed. The three nitrate residue levels denoted by CKR, N1R, and N2R, represented nitrate residue amounts in the soil profile of three nitrogen fertilizer levels(0, 280 and 420kg ha-1) before the harvest of sweet cherry(March to June). Two other treatments with and without sweet corn as a catch crop based on the treatments of N1R and N2R were denoted by N1RC and N2RC, respectively. The data of both the spatial and temporal distribution of water and nitrate content during the rainy seasons of 2019, 2020 and 2021 in the field experiment were collected to calibrate and validate the model. ResultsThe simulated results have showed that using sweet corn as a catch crop increased the evapotranspiration rate, the upward flux of water and nitrate at a 100 cm soil depth reached a maximum of 1.5 mm d-1 and 1.0 kg N ha-1d-1, respectively, and the downward movement of water and nitrate leached to deeper soil layers was reduced. Compared with CKR, the treatments with catch crops (N1RC and N2RC) reduced the amount of water drainage by 16.4% -47.7% in the 0-180cm soil profile. The average amounts of nitrate leaching in the 1.8 m soil profile during the three-year experiment were 88.1, 113.3, and 58.2 kg N ha−1 for the treatment without catch crop (N1R and N2R) and 32.3, 54.8, and 31.4 kg N ha−1 for the treatment with catch crop (N1RC and N2RC), respectively. The treatments (N1RC and N2RC) with catch crops decreased the amount of nitrate leaching by 29.6%-69.1% compared with the treatments without catch crops (N1R and N2R).DiscussionSweet corn as summer catch crop can reduce nitrate leaching in the sweet cherry greenhouses. Our study has provided an effective method to reduce the risk of nitrate leaching for sweet cherry greenhouses in the North China Plain.
Country-specific psychopharmacological risk of reporting suicidality comparing 38 antidepressants and lithium from the FDA Adverse Event Reporting System, 2017–2023
Authors: Eugene Andy Roger 
Published: November 2024

BackgroundThe United States Food and Drug Administration (FDA) maintains a black-box warning for antidepressants warning of an increased risk of suicidality in children and young adults that is based on proprietary clinical trial data from study sponsors that were submitted for regulatory approval. This article aimed to assess whether the black-box warning for antidepressants is still valid today using recent drug safety data.MethodsPost-marketing adverse drug event data were obtained from the US FDA’s Adverse Event Reporting System (FAERS) for the years 2017 through 2023. Logistic regression analysis was conducted using the case versus non-case methodology and adjusted for gender, age group, drug role (primary drug, secondary drug, interacting drug, and concomitant drug), initial FDA reporting year, reporter country, and a drug*gene*age group interaction.ResultsIn the multivariate analysis, compared to fluoxetine and patients aged 25 to 64 years, children [adjusted reporting odds ratio (aROR) = 7.38, 95% CI, 6.02–9.05] and young adults (aROR = 3.49, 95% CI, 2.65–4.59) were associated with an increased risk of reporting suicidality, but not for the elderly (aROR = 0.76, 95% CI, 0.53–1.09). Relative to fluoxetine, esketamine was associated with the highest rate of reporting suicidality in children (aROR = 3.20, 95% CI, 2.25–4.54); however, esketamine was associated with a lower risk of reporting suicidality in young adults (aROR = 0.59, 95% CI, 0.41–0.84), but not significantly in the elderly (aROR = 0.77, 95% CI, 0.48–1.23). For country-specific findings, relative to the USA, the Slovak Republic, India, and Canada had the lowest risk of reporting suicidality. For the overall study population, desvenlafaxine (aROR = 0.61, 95% CI, 0.46–0.81) and vilazodone (aROR = 0.56, 95% CI, 0.32–0.99) were the only two antidepressants associated with a reduced risk of reporting suicidality.ConclusionThis study shows that with recent antidepressant drug safety data, the US FDA’s black-box warning for prescribing antidepressants to children and young adults is valid today in the USA. However, relative to the USA, 15 countries had a significantly lower risk of reporting suicidality, while 16 countries had a higher risk of reporting suicidality from 38 antidepressants and lithium.
Prevalence of sleep disturbance and its associated factors among diabetes type-2 patients in Saudi Arabia
Authors: Al-Qahtani Faisal Saeed 
Published: November 2024

IntroductionThis study investigated the prevalence of sleep disturbances among people living with type 2 diabetes in Saudi Arabia.MethodsA four-stage sampling method was used to recruit 479 participants from various parts of the country. A self-administered questionnaire was used to collect demographic, sleep disruption, and related clinical characteristics. Data analysis included reporting sleep disturbance prevalence as frequency and percentage, chi-square tests to examine categorical variable associations, and multiple logistic regression analysis to identify independent factors associated with sleep disturbances.ResultsThe data showed that most participants were male (59.3%), married (78.5%), and Diploma/ Bachelor’s degree holders (41.5%). The study found that most respondents had subjective sleep quality issues, with 55.3% of Sleep Latency participants having trouble falling asleep, 62.4% having trouble sleeping, 65.1% experiencing serious sleep efficiency impairment, 85.2% reporting sleep difficulties, 88.5% using sleep medication without difficulty, 5.4% having moderate difficulty, and 6.1% having considerable difficulties. The Global Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI) showed that all participants had sleep problems. Marital status, nationality, HBA1C, education, region, comorbidity, and monthly income were significantly associated with sleep disturbance characteristics.ConclusionThe study concluded that diabetes itself can increase the risk of sleep problems, as it is associated with various sleep-related issues such as insomnia, sleep apnea, and restless legs syndrome. Encouraging social support within the realm of healthcare services holds significance in reducing the occurrence of inadequate sleep. For individuals diagnosed with type 2 diabetes mellitus, managing their blood sugar levels effectively is crucial for enhancing the quality of their sleep. Furthermore, engaging in regular physical activity is essential for preventing subpar sleep quality.
Family hardiness among primary caregivers of breast cancer patients in Hunan Province: a cross-sectional study exploring the relationship with attachment and caregiver preparedness
Authors: Sun Xin , Xu Lili , Sheng Lijuan 
Published: November 2024

BackgroundFamily hardiness is a key variable contributing to positive family functioning, which has significant effects on the quality of life and the mental health of patientsand caregivers. The factors that contribute to family hardiness support both the psychological and physical well-being of caregivers is unknown. More specifically, the relationship of family hardiness with attachment and caregiver preparedness has not been explored.AimThe current study aimed to investigate the family hardiness in caregivers of breast cancer patients and explore the relationship with attachment and caregiver preparedness and identify the associated factors.MethodsThis cross-sectional correlational study was conducted from March to July, 2022. 140 caregivers of breast cancer patients were recruited in two IIIA-grade hospitals in Hunan Province using convenience sampling. Data were collected using a personal characteristics questionnaire, The Family Hardiness Index (FHI), Caregiver Preparedness Scale (CPS), and the Experiences in Close Relationships Inventory-Revised Edition (ECR-R). Chi-square, Pearson’s correlation coefficient, generalized additive model and multiple logistic regression analyses were performed.ResultsA total of 140 caregivers participated in the study. The mean age of participants was (42.29 ± 14.54) years and most of them were male (57.1%). The mean FHI score of caregivers was 58.11 ± 5.67. Multiple linear regression analysis indicated that family hardiness is affected by ECR-R, CPS, education level, and knowledge of breast cancer. The score of CPS was positively associated with family hardiness (β = 0.265, p &lt; 0.001), whereas ECR-R negatively predicted family hardiness (β = −0.078, p &lt; 0.001).ConclusionFamily hardiness plays a critical role in helping caregivers manage the stresses associated with providing care to breast cancer patients. Enhancing caregiver preparedness and education, as well as addressing attachment-related issues, can significantly improve family hardiness. In light of our findings, we suggest that closer relationships within families, adding preparedness and knowledge of disease should be encouraged during the care of breast cancer patients.
Exploring the experiences of residents and their families in an alcohol-related brain injury residential rehabilitation unit in Northern Ireland: a qualitative study
Authors: Campbell Anne , Millen Sharon , Jordan Uisce , Watson Diane , Watson Joy , McCorry Roger 
Published: November 2024

ObjectiveLimited research exists on comprehensive interventions for individuals with Alcohol Related Brain Injury (ARBI). Exploring the impact of a rehabilitation service on individuals with ARBI and their relatives/caregivers, this study aimed to gain insights into their experiences and assess how the service influenced cognitive functioning, psychological well-being, social relationships, community engagement, and the desire for abstinence.MethodThis was a qualitative, semi structured interview study as part of a larger mixed methods study of residents and their family members. Data was collected over 4 timepoints with n = 20 residents: baseline (n = 20 interviews), 6 months (n = 15 interviews), 12 months (n = 6 interviews) and at discharge (n = 8 interviews). The interviews took place at a specialist residential rehabilitation facility for people with ARBI. Remote interviews were conducted with family members (n = 10). A thematic analysis of transcripts using NVivo software was undertaken.ResultsQualitative findings for residents with ARBI across 4 timepoints from baseline to time of discharge indicated an improvement in all outcomes. Overall, residents reported that the ARBI holistic intervention improved psychological wellbeing, social relationships/community participation, functioning abilities, and abstinence from alcohol, particularly when residents were residing in the unit. Family members and carers presented more trepidation regarding the long-term impacts.ConclusionWhilst the residential unit provided structure and a protective environment, residents required ongoing support post discharge for their addictive behaviours. An outreach intervention for these individuals is currently being piloted.
Promoting mental health and wellbeing as means to prevent disability: a review
Authors: Alsamiri Yasir A. , Hussain Malik A. , Alsamani Omar A. , Al bulayhi Abdulrahman A. 
Published: November 2024

BackgroundMental health is one of the key pillars of general welfare, and through its promotion, disability can be prevented.ObjectiveThis research paper covers the field of literature that primarily addresses the increase of mental health and wellbeing aimed at preventing disability.MethodologyThe analysis depends on secondary data that is acquired from different studies and reports to determine the link between mental health interventions and disability prevention. After screening, 50 articles eventually qualified for this narrative review.ResultsThe results indicate that prevention of mental health problems could reduce the risk of disability development by reducing underlying risk factors and, consequently, improving the quality of life. The study highlights the significance of early preventive interventions and support systems to curtail the onset of mental health disorders, which could later result in impairment. It does the same by advocating for multi-disciplinary approach that combines mental health promotion policies with existing disability prevention strategies to improve outcomes.ConclusionThe review points to mental health promotion as a preventative measure that can prevent disability and improve overall wellbeing. Through efforts to identify, prevent, and cure mental health problems, individuals can ensure optimal functioning and enjoy a better quality of life.RecommendationThis finding is indicative of a broader healthcare approach integrating mental health promotion that is aimed at diminishing the burden of disabilities and improving overall public health outcomes.
Initial validation of a short version of the PERMA profiler in a national sample of rural veterans
Authors: Umucu Emre , Granger Teresa Ann , Pan Deyu , McGee Traci , Han Eunae , Yates Jim , Barnas John , Barter Crystal , Lee Beatrice 
Published: November 2024

BackgroundMilitary veterans residing in rural areas face unique challenges that can impact their wellbeing, including limited access to healthcare resources, social isolation, and distinct environmental stressors. Despite growing interest in veteran wellbeing, there remains a gap in understanding how service-connected disabilities and health conditions intersect with wellbeing in rural contexts.MethodsThis study employed a comprehensive approach to investigate the relationships between wellbeing, service-connected disabilities, and health outcomes among rural veterans. First, a short version of the PERMA Profiler was psychometrically validated for use among rural veterans. Then, associations between wellbeing and mental/physical health outcomes were examined. Lastly, differences in wellbeing between veterans with and without service-connected disabilities were evaluated.ResultsThe psychometric validation of the short-form PERMA Profiler yielded robust results, establishing its reliability and validity for assessing wellbeing among rural veterans. Significant positive associations were found between wellbeing and mental/physical health outcomes. Moreover, rural veterans with service-connected disabilities exhibited lower wellbeing scores compared to those without such disabilities.ConclusionThis study enhances our understanding of wellbeing among rural veterans, emphasizing the importance of considering service-connected disabilities and health conditions. The findings underscore the need for targeted interventions and support systems tailored to the specific needs of rural veterans, particularly those with service-connected disabilities. Recognizing and addressing these factors are crucial steps toward enhancing the overall wellbeing of this population.