bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Retaining Permanent and Temporary Immigrants in Rural Australia: Place‐Based and Individual Determinants
Authors: Argent Neil , Bernard Aude , Laukova Dagmara , Wilson Tom , Zajac Tomasz , Kimpton Anthony 
Published: December 2024

ABSTRACTIn many low‐fertility countries, immigration is increasingly seen a solution to the twin problem of rural depopulation and skill shortages. In Australia, this takes the form of regional visa schemes that require both skilled and humanitarian migrants to reside initially in nonmetropolitan regions for a minimum of 2 years. In the absence of nationally representative longitudinal data, the efficacy of this policy is yet to be assessed. Applying survival analysis to novel administrative data from the Person Level Integrated Data Asset (PLIDA), this paper establishes the level and determinants of rural retention among immigrants who arrived between January and August 2011 on eight different visas and compares these to the Australian population to the end of 2019. Our results suggest that regional visa schemes are effective in attracting permanent skilled migrants but not in retaining them, even when controlling for socio‐demographic characteristics. Migrants on regional skilled visa and temporary skilled workers display a 40% 9‐year retention rate compared with over 50% for Australian and New Zealand citizens, permanent family, skilled and humanitarian migrants and 30% for students. In contrast, the low retention of temporary skilled migrants is largely the product of their younger and more educated profile. We identify a negative selection process by which immigrants with less‐education, lower incomes, or less English proficiency—including humanitarian migrants—are more likely to stay in nonmetropolitan regions. This outcome signifies a process of socio‐spatial polarisation and a segmented labour market. At a regional‐level, we find that regions with a diverse occupational mix and co‐ethnic networks are more likely to retain immigrants whereas those with high housing costs are significantly less likely. These results provide policy levers to boost rural retention.
The Ru/CeO2‐NaOH‐NaI Solvent‐free Catalytic System for the Hydroesterification of C2H4, CO, and C2H5OH
Authors: Jin Huaihu , Cao Qi , Wu Dongfang 
Published: December 2024

AbstractEthyl propionate can be produced from CO, C2H4, and CH3CH2OH as raw materials by ethylene hydroesterification in one step. In this paper, a solvent‐free composite catalytic system (Ru/CeO2‐NaI‐NaOH) is developed to catalyze the hydroesterification of C2H4, CO, and C2H5OH. The formation and inhibition mechanisms of 3‐pentanone and acetal are studied, and the pathway for the generation of ethyl propionate has also been analyzed. The factors that influence the performance of catalytic system were researched, such as catalyst reduction temperature, the addition of Ru/CeO2, reaction temperature, reaction time, the partial pressure of CO, and so forth. In Ru/CeO2‐NaOH‐NaI heterogeneous catalytic system, at the experiment conditions of 3 MPa and 180 °C, the C2H4 conversion and the ethyl propionate selectivity are 66.7% and 92.0%, respectively after 4 h reaction. This work presents a strategy for the production of propionate by ethylene hydroesterification, catalyzed by a heterogeneous catalytic system.
Composite Shell Microcapsules With Room Temperature Phase‐Change Properties and High Thermal Storage Density
Authors: Chen Minrui , Wang Xin , Luan Huaiyang , Liu Zhiqin , Huo Xianliang 
Published: December 2024

AbstractInorganic hydrated salts, noted for their high thermal storage density, excellent thermal conductivity, and non‐toxicity, are suitable candidate material for thermal management, particularly in enhancing human living environments when their phase transition points are near room temperature. Herein, we present an efficient and environmentally friendly microencapsulation method for inorganic hydrated salt through organic phase separation method. Eutectic hydrated salt (EHS) consisted of sodium carbonate decahydrate (SCD) and disodium hydrogen phosphate dodecahydrate (DHPD) was prepared as the core material while the mixture of ethyl cellulose (EC) and acrylonitrile‐butadiene‐styrene (ABS) as composite shell materials. Various characterization techniques were used to evaluate the micromorphology, chemical structure, thermal properties and thermal stability of the microcapsules. The resulting microcapsules exhibited a phase change temperature of 22.6 °C with a remarkable enthalpy of 131.4 J/g. Particularly, the enthalpy remained at 117.7 J/g even after 50 thermal cycles, indicating stable cycling thermal reliability. Furthermore, it was confirmed that the EHS was effectively encapsulated within the composite shell, and the microcapsules had a quasi‐spherical shape and core‐shell structure. More importantly, this method of microencapsulation could potentially be extended to other liquid hydrated salts at room temperature, offering a versatile approach for future applications.
Preparing Sustainable Membranes Made From Zeolite–Smectite for Treating Textile Wastewater and Pulp Industry Wastewater
Authors: Khmiri Yassine , Attia Afef , Elboughdiri Noureddine , Ghernaout Djamel , Charcosset Catherine , Dammak Lasâad , Amar Raja Ben 
Published: December 2024

AbstractLow‐cost separation techniques are crucial for treating wastewater. Developing inexpensive membranes made from natural materials has become a popular research area in recent years. Tubular membranes were produced by adding 10% organic additives to a mixture of 80% zeolite and 10% smectite. New composite ceramic membranes from zeolite and smectite were prepared using the extrusion method to create a plastic paste and characterized using XRD, SEM, EPMA, and FTIR. The impact of sintering temperature (Tsint, 850–950 °C) on membrane properties, such as microstructure, mechanical strength (MS), water permeability, and filtration performance, was investigated. The MS and shrinkage rate increased with Tsint. At 950 °C, the resulting composite membrane exhibited a high MS of over 65 MPa, a relatively low porosity of 30%, appropriate for membrane filtration, and a water permeability of 65 L·h⁻¹·m⁻2·bar⁻¹. When applied to remove pollutants from wastewater, this membrane demonstrated a high color retention of 98.4% from an aqueous Evans blue‐colored solution (Effluent 1). For extensive application to wastewater treatment, this membrane showed a high‐efficiency level for treating real effluent produced by the pulp industry, removing 62.4% of chemical oxygen demand, 36% of hardness, and 82% of color. Finally, an ultrasonic cleaning procedure allowed the restoration of 70% of the initial permeability after four cycles for both effluents. Thanks to the exciting properties offered by these membranes and their competitive cost of less than $ 20·m−2, these membranes are appropriate for treating industrial wastewater.
Atomic Force Microscopy: Mechanosensor and Mechanotransducer for Probing Biological System from Molecules to Tissues
Authors: Shen Yi , Czajkowsky Daniel M. , Li Bin , Hu Jun , Shao Zhifeng , Sun Jielin 
Published: November 2024

AbstractAtomic Force Microscopy (AFM) is a powerful technique with widespread applications in various scientific fields, including biology. It operates by precisely detecting the interaction between a sharp tip and a sample surface, providing high‐resolution topographical information and mechanical properties at a nanoscale. Through the years, a deeper understanding of this tip‐sample interaction and the mechanisms by which it can be more precisely regulated have invariably led to improvements in AFM imaging. Additionally, AFM can serve not only as a sensor but also as a tool for actively manipulating the mechanical properties of biological systems. By applying controlled forces to the sample surface, AFM allows for a deeper understanding of mechanotransduction pathways, the intricate signaling cascades that convert physical cues into biochemical responses. This review, is an extensive overview of the current status of AFM working either as a mechanosensor or a mechanotransducer to probe biological systems across diverse scales, from individual molecules to entire tissues is presented. Challenges are discussed and potential future research directions are elaborated.
Modulating the Ruthenium‐Cobalt Active Pair with Moderate Spacing for Enhanced Acidic Water Oxidation
Authors: Chen Xiaoxia , Liu Meihuan , Ni Chudi , Chen Yiwen , Liu Tianwen , Li Shiyu , Su Hui 
Published: December 2024

AbstractRuthenium (Ru)‐based catalysts have emerged as promising alternatives to Iridium (Ir) catalysts in proton exchange membrane water electrolysis cells due to their lower price and excellent oxygen evolution reaction (OER) activity. However, their stability is compromised by generation of unstable high‐valence Ru sites and oxygen vacancy in a lattice oxygen‐mediated (LOM) pathway. Here, a low‐load Ru site on a Barium (Ba)‐doped Co3O4 (RuBaxCo3–xO4) catalyst is developed with abundant Ruthenium─Cobalt (Ru─Co) pairs for enhanced acidic OER activity. The incorporation of Ba can efficiently modulate the lattice of Co3O4, creating Ru─Co active pairs with optimized spacing through compression stress. In situ characterizations exhibit contractive Ru─Co pairs that promote the rapid and direct coupling of *O─O* radicals, bypassing the sluggish *OOH species and avoiding the oxygen vacancies, which can trigger the oxide path mechanism (OPM) for an efficient and stable OER process. As a result, the designed catalyst delivers a low overpotential of 219 mV to achieve a current density of 10 mA cm−2, and also demonstrates excellent stability, maintaining performance over 50 h of continuous operation at a larger current density of 50 mA cm−2. These findings highlight the potential of the RuBaxCo3‐xO4 catalysts for durable and efficient OER applications.
Recent Progress in SnTe: An Eco‐Friendly and High‐Performance Chalcogenide Thermoelectric Material
Authors: Kihoi Samuel Kimani , Yang Tae‐Youl , Lee Ho Seong 
Published: November 2024

AbstractRecent advances in high‐performance thermoelectric materials have sparked significant interest, particularly in SnTe, a mid‐temperature group‐IV chalcogenide that is both eco‐friendly and cost‐effective. However, compared to other group‐IV chalcogenides, there remains a substantial scope for enhancing the thermoelectric performance of SnTe. In the past four years (since 2020), numerous compelling reports have proposed novel strategies to narrow this gap and boost the performance of SnTe‐based materials, thereby building upon previous advancements. These recent advancements are comprehensively summarized in this timely review. This review reports three essential facets critical to the advancement of high‐performance SnTe materials: electrical properties, thermal properties, and the overly overlooked mechanical properties. First, a brief theoretical exposition is presented, subsequently detailing empirically verified techniques for achieving superior SnTe‐based materials. The intrinsic prevalence of tin vacancies (VSn) in SnTe classifies it as a p‐type thermoelectric material. Here, it is unveiled for the first time, recent significant breakthroughs in the development of n‐type SnTe. This advancement enables the development of an all‐SnTe‐based thermoelectric device. Additional attention is devoted to emerging trends that further amplify the performance of SnTe. With persistent efforts, achieving a ZT greater than 2 in SnTe‐based materials is inevitable.
Unveiling the Structural, Electronic and Magnetic Properties of Gd4.5A0.5Si3O13 (A = K, Na, and Li) Oxides With Promising Potential for Low‐Temperature Magnetic Cooling
Authors: Zhang Yikun , Law Jia Yan , Li Angsai , Hao Weixiang , Franco Victorino , Li Lingwei 
Published: December 2024

AbstractThe growing demand for solid‐state magnetic cooling, leveraging the magnetocaloric effect requires the discovery of high‐performing magnetocaloric materials (MCMs). Herein, a family of Gd‐containing MCMs is provided, specifically the Gd4.5A0.5Si3O13 (A = K, Na, and Li) oxides, which demonstratse exceptional low‐temperature magnetocaloric performance. Through comprehensive experimental investigations and theoretical calculations on their structural, electronic, and magnetic properties, it is unequivocally confirmed that all of them crystallize in a hexagonal apatite‐type structure (space group P63/m), exhibiting an antiferromagnetic semiconductor ground state with magnetic ordering temperatures below 1.8 K (typically ≈0.7 K for Gd4.5K0.5Si3O13). Furthermore, their remarkable maximum magnetic entropy change (−ΔSMmax) values of 31.85 and 58.22 J kgK−1 for Gd4.5K0.5Si3O13; 25.31 and 55.01 J kgK−1 for Gd4.5Na0.5Si3O13; and 25.15 and 55.77 J kgK−1 for Gd4.5Li0.5Si3O13, under the magnetic field changes of 0‐2 and 0‐5 T, respectively, surpass those of prominent low‐temperature MCMs, including the commercialized Gd3Ga5O12 (≈14.6 and 32.8 J kgK−1) paramagnetic salt. These findings in addition to their high environmental stability position these Gd4.5A0.5Si3O13 oxides as exceptionally promising for practical magnetic cooling applications.
Imidazopyridinium‐Linked Covalent Organic Frameworks for Efficient Gold Recovery
Authors: Yang Xiubei , Jiang Di , Cheng Yuanzhe , Fu Yubin , Li Xuewen , Liu Guojuan , Ding Xuesong , Han Bao‐Hang , Xu Qing , Zeng Gaofeng 
Published: December 2024

AbstractCovalent organic frameworks (COFs) with high surface areas and specialized binding sites garnered attention in the field of gold (Au) adsorption. The adsorption capacity mostly depends on the functional skeletons and porous structures, however, the roles of linkages have not been thoroughly explored. In this study, imidazopyridinium‐linked COFs, specifically im‐PYTA‐PZDH‐COF and im‐PYTA‐BPDH‐COF were synthesized, to enhance gold adsorption efficacy. These engineered COFs exhibit excellent crystallinity and high surface areas, with the charged linkages demonstrating a strong binding ability for Au, which results in high Au uptake and rapid adsorption kinetics. The optimized COF, im‐PYTA‐PZDH‐COF, offered a maximum adsorption capacity of 1558 mg g−1, achieving 95% of this capacity within a mere 10 min. Theoretical calculations further confirm that the carbon atoms adjacent to the nitrogen in the imidazopyridinium ring, serving as adsorption sites, directly interact with AuCl4− through coulombic forces, thereby enhancing both the adsorption capacity and rate. This work provides a new strategy for designing COFs for effective Au adsorption.
Combining the Capability Approach and System Dynamics for Well‐Being Oriented Policy‐Making
Authors: Veldhuis Guido A. , van Dongen Kees 
Published: November 2024

ABSTRACTPolicymakers are increasingly focusing on well‐being. However, the development and ex‐ante assessment of well‐being science‐based policies are not widespread. The Capability Approach (CA) offers a theoretical framework for understanding well‐being and the policies aimed at its improvement. The CA does not provide means to analyse how well‐being evolves over time as a result of the complex interrelations between its constituent components. Additionally, the CA literature provides few analytical techniques for conducting ex‐ante policy evaluation. To overcome these challenges, we propose an approach that combines the CA with the System Dynamics (SD) methodology. The SD method uses modelling and simulation to create insights into the structure and behaviour of complex problems to support policy‐making. While SD is commonly used to examine well‐being issues, utilising well‐being frameworks like the CA is rare. In this paper, we explore both the theoretical and practical benefits of integrating the CA and SD for well‐being‐oriented policy‐making. To aid the practical application of the ideas presented in this paper, we present an illustrative example, a template for modellers, and outline a procedure for an integrated approach to developing well‐being‐oriented policies.
Rapid identification of invasive Brook Trout through CRISPR-based environmental DNA detection
Authors: Blasko Tholen J. , Larson Samantha , Phelps Michael P. 
Published: December 2024

Abstract

Objective
Invasions of nonnative fish species, such as Brook Trout Salvelinus fontinalis, disrupt ecosystem function and adversely impact native populations through competition, hybridization, and predation. Timely detection of invasive species is crucial for effective management and prevention of further spread. Environmental DNA (eDNA) technology is a powerful tool for monitoring the spread of invasive species, especially in aquatic environments, where direct observation is challenging. While eDNA sampling is sensitive and cost-effective, real-time analysis remains a challenge.

Methods
To address this limitation, we developed eDNA detection tools, using CRISPR-Cas12a technology, that facilitate the rapid identification of invasive Brook Trout and native cutthroat trout (Lahontan Cutthroat Trout Oncorhynchus henshawi, Westslope Cutthroat Trout O. lewisi, Rocky Mountain Cutthroat Trout O. virginalis, or Coastal Cutthroat Trout O. clarkii), without the need for specialized laboratory equipment. We employed this technology in Marsh Creek, a semi-isolated tributary to the Sultan River in Washington State with no previous documentation of invasive Brook Trout.

Result
We successfully identified Brook Trout and cutthroat trout eDNA during on-site analysis at Marsh Creek and found that the sensitivity of detecting these species can be increased with improvements in eDNA purification technology. Our results identified that Brook Trout were present in the lower reaches of the stream, particularly in areas of slow-moving water.

Conclusion
The portability and simplicity of this method offer the potential for streamside eDNA detection of invasive species, and it could become another tool in the fight against the spread of invasive Brook Trout in the western United States.
Alzheimer's disease drug development in an evolving therapeutic landscape
Authors: Weninger Stacie , Irizarry Michael C. , Fleisher Adam S. , León Teresa , Maruff Paul , Miller David S. , Seleri Sheila , Carrillo Maria C. , Weber Christopher J. 
Published: November 2024

AbstractThe Alzheimer's disease (AD) research field has entered a new era, where our fundamental understanding of the pathophysiology of AD and advances in biomarkers have not only allowed for earlier, timely, and accurate detection and diagnosis of the disease, but that amyloid removal has been shown to be associated with signals of slowing cognitive and functional decline. Although recent FDA‐approved amyloid plaque‐lowering monoclonal antibody therapies have shifted the trajectory of AD, additional treatment options will be key to further slowing clinical decline or stopping disease progression. Thus, new and emerging therapies for AD have created an evolving therapeutic landscape. The Alzheimer's Association Research Roundtable (AARR) Spring meeting held on May 23–34, 2023, brought together a broad array of scientific leaders from the AARR membership, academia, industry, and government and regulatory agencies to discuss the future of clinical trials in an era of regulator‐approved amyloid‐targeting therapies. Participants discussed lessons learned from other neurological diseases where disease‐modifying treatments were first approved and key considerations for future clinical trials, for example, trial population real‐world representativeness, duration, biomarker screening, efficacy endpoints, combination therapy, as well as overall trial design and the ethical and equity concerns that clinicians, patients, and their families face when considering clinical trial participation.Highlights
The Alzheimer's Association Research Roundtable (AARR) convened leaders from industry and academia, as well as patients, clinicians, and government and regulatory agency scientists to discuss the topic, “Alzheimer's Disease Drug Development in an Evolving Therapeutic Landscape.”
While recently approved amyloid‐targeting therapies show great promise in providing clinically meaningful outcomes for patients and families, additional treatments, and a better understanding of dosing and administration of these approved treatments, are needed to further slow and eventually prevent clinical decline in AD.
Approved therapies will impact many aspects of clinical trial design including the use of placebo‐controls, participant re‐enrollment, safety monitoring, as well as biomarker selection.
This exciting new era in AD research represents a hopeful future for clinicians, patients, and their care partners.
Glycated haemoglobin and serum fructosamine concentrations in sick, non‐diabetic dogs receiving oral prednisolone
Authors: Oikonomidis Ioannis L. , Daravigka Alexandra , Ceron Jose J. , Tvarijonaviciute Asta , Lambrou Froso , Tzenetidou Zoi , Konstantinidis Alexandros O. , Soubasis Nectarios 
Published: December 2024

AbstractBackgroundGlucocorticoids have been associated with an increased risk of developing diabetes mellitus (DM) in dogs. Glycated haemoglobin (HbA1c) and serum fructosamine have been scarcely studied in dogs receiving glucocorticoid therapy. The aim of this study was to evaluate HbA1c and fructosamine in non‐diabetic dogs receiving oral prednisolone.MethodsThis was a cross‐sectional study including non‐diabetic dogs receiving oral prednisolone for 2 weeks or more for a diverse range of diseases. Aliquots of blood samples collected for diagnostic purposes were used. HbA1c was measured using a previously validated capillary electrophoresis assay. Fructosamine was measured using the nitroblue tetrazolium assay.ResultsForty‐three adult dogs were included. The dogs received oral prednisolone (0.1‒2.3 mg/kg daily) for a median duration of 8 weeks (range: 2‒52 weeks). The median (range) glucose, fructosamine and HbA1c were 5.3 (2.6‒9.2) mmol/L, 265 (128‒388) µmol/L and 1.6% (0.8‒2.7%), respectively. Glucose increased in nine of the 43 dogs (16.2%), while fructosamine increased in eight of the 33 dogs in which it was tested (24.2%). HbA1c did not increase in any of the 40 dogs in which it was tested.LimitationsThe cross‐sectional study design is a limitation, as more conclusions could be drawn in a longitudinal study.ConclusionsHbA1c does not appear to be increased in sick, non‐diabetic dogs receiving oral prednisolone for 2 weeks or more at the doses used in our study, whereas increases in serum fructosamine are not uncommon.
Incorporating an international perspective in leadership training
Authors: Roberts Dennis C. , Nyunt Gudrun 
Published: November 2024

AbstractIncorporating an international perspective in the experience and skill‐based focus of leadership learning is central to preparing for leadership in the 21st century; a time when the world is increasingly connected across culture, governance, economies, and educational systems. For leadership educators to be more effective, the authors advocate heeding the voices of international students and colleagues, examining the legacy of colonialism, and engaging as humble and curious learners.
Interactive learning: Using experiential activities to boost training engagement
Authors: Whitney Rich 
Published: November 2024

AbstractDrawing on Kolb's experiential learning theory, this article offers practical and ready‐to‐use ideas that can be implemented into trainings to transform them into interactive experiences for students. By blending practical exercises with the power of theory, trainers can harness their creative ideas to craft dynamic training sessions that not only teach but inspire, bringing concepts to life in ways that stick and resonate long after the training ends.