bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Comparison of Common Analytical Methods for the Quantification of Total Polyphenols and Flavanols in Fruit Juices and Ciders
Authors: Ma Sihui , Kim Cathlean , Neilson Andrew P. , Griffin Laura E. , Peck Gregory M. , O'Keefe Sean F. , Stewart Amanda C. 
Published: July 2019

AbstractMultiple analytical methods are used for quantification of total polyphenols and total flavanols in fruit juices and beverages. Four methods were evaluated in this study: Folin‐Ciocalteu (F‐C), Lowenthal permanganate (L‐P), 4‐dimethylaminocinnamaldehyde (DMAC), and the bovine serum albumin (BSA) precipitation method. Method validation parameters, including working range, limit of detection, limit of quantitation, precision (repeatability), accuracy, and specificity, were assessed and compared. The F‐C method was not specific to polyphenols, and the L‐P method had the widest working range but lacked accuracy. The DMAC method was the most specific to flavanols, and the BSA method was not suitable for quantification of smaller flavanols, such as catechin and epicatechin. Quantitative performance was evaluated using commercial fruit juice samples (n = 14), apple juice samples of different cultivars (n = 22), and commercial ciders (n = 17). In general, the L‐P titration method and DMAC method resulted in higher quantitative values than the F‐C method and BSA precipitation method, respectively. However, ratios of results obtained by the L‐P and F‐C method ranged from 1 to 28, and ratios of results obtained by the DMAC and BSA precipitation method ranged from <1 to 280. This tremendous variation is likely due to variation in polyphenol composition and sample matrix. This information provides perspective for comparison of results obtained through these different methods, and a basis for choosing the most appropriate analytical method for quantification of polyphenols to address a specific research question when working with commercial fruit juice, apple juice from different apple cultivars, and commercial ciders.Practical ApplicationThis study compared results obtained when four common polyphenol quantification methods were applied to a diverse selection of fruit juices and beverages with distinct polyphenol composition and sample matrix. The matrix and polyphenol composition of the samples significantly influenced the results. Our findings can help manufacturers of fruit‐based products choose the most appropriate analytical method for polyphenol quantification as part of a quality assurance program or to convey information on dietary polyphenol content to consumers. An assessment of analytical method validation parameters is provided for each of the four methods, which will help users of these methods to understand their limitations.
Species and Geographical Origins Discrimination of Porcini Mushrooms Based on FT‐IR Spectroscopy and Mineral Elements Combined with Sparse Partial Least Square‐Discriminant Analysis
Authors: Wang Ye , Li Jie , Liu Honggao , Fan Maopan , Wang Yuanzhong 
Published: July 2019

AbstractMisrecognition and toxic elements are two of several reasons responsible for food poisoning even death in the summer, a time when a great deal of edible mushrooms is celebrated in Southwestern China featured as complex environment conditions. It is highly important to identify the difference of chemical constituents in edible mushrooms at the regional‐scale. In this study, Fourier transform infrared (FT‐IR) spectroscopy and inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry were applied to investigate organic matters and 18 mineral elements in porcini mushrooms of six species collected from 17 sampling sites in nine Yunnan cities. Classification models on the species, regions, and part levels were established using sparse partial least square‐discriminant analysis and principal component analysis. At the species level and region level accuracies of greater than 92.1% and 92.8% was achieved, respectively, whereas on the part level caps and stipes were classified with 96.7% accuracy. One of the most popular mushrooms is Boletus edulis characterized by polysaccharide, lipid, and ribonucleic acid as well as several phenolic compounds. Temperature and precipitation show possible influences on accumulations of polysaccharides and ribonucleic acid. Furthermore, the most important elements of caps contributed the difference between two parts are copper (Cu), zinc (Zn), and phosphorus (P), whereas stipes instead by manganese (Mn) and cobalt (Co). These results demonstrated that FT‐IR spectroscopy and elements contents provide information sufficient for classifying different porcini mushroom samples, which might be helpful for controlling food security and quality assessment of edible mushrooms.
Preparation of N‐(1‐Deoxy‐Α‐D‐Xylulos‐1‐Yl)‐Glutamic Acid via Aqueous Maillard Reaction Coupled with Vacuum Dehydration and Its Flavor Formation Through Thermal Treatment of Baking Process
Authors: Xu Man , Cui Heping , Sun Fuli , Jia Chengsheng , Zhang Song‐Lin , Hussain Shahzad , Tahir Muhammad Usman , Zhang Xiaoming , Hayat Khizar 
Published: July 2019

AbstractAmadori rearrangement product (ARP) derived from glutamic acid (Glu) and xylose (Xyl) was prepared by aqueous Maillard reaction. Subsequently, ion exchange chromatography, MS, and NMR were used for purification and identification, confirming that the molecular formula of ARP was C10H17NO8, namely N‐(1‐deoxy‐α‐D‐xylulos‐1‐yl)‐glutamic acid, with a molecular mass of 279 Da. To improve the aqueous yield of ARP, a thermal reaction coupled with vacuum dehydration was used and the yield of ARP was increased from 2.07% to 75.11%. Furthermore, flavor formation capacity of ARP by a thermal treatment simulated to a baking process was compared with Maillard reaction products, Maillard‐dehydration reaction products, and Glu‐Xyl mixture. The results indicated that a larger amount of volatile flavor compounds and a biscuit‐like, burnt aroma was generated rapidly from the mixture of ARP and unreacted Glu‐Xyl, which could be a potential flavor enhancer for baked foods.Practical ApplicationMaillard reaction performed in aqueous medium through thermal reaction combined with vacuum dehydration is a novel and practical technology that could be widely used to produce Maillard reaction intermediates (MRIs), such as Amadori or Heyns rearrangement products, which are regarded as significant nonvolatile aroma precursors and have stable physical and chemical properties compared with Maillard reaction products (MRPs). MRI derived from glutamic acid and xylose is a potential substitute of MRPs for flavorings preparation and shows a great capacity to generate fresh flavors in a short time at high temperature, which meets the requirements of baking foods. Therefore, the new developed method could be a promising tool for MRI preparation and application in food and flavoring industries.
PGC‐1α, a potential therapeutic target against kidney aging
Authors: Lee Gayoung , Uddin Md Jamal , Kim Yoojeong , Ko Minji , Yu Inyoung , Ha Hunjoo 
Published: July 2019

AbstractAging is defined as changes in an organism over time. The proportion of the aged population is markedly increasing worldwide. The kidney, as an essential organ with a high energy requirement, is one of the most susceptible organs to aging. It is involved in glucose metabolism via gluconeogenesis, glucose filtration and reabsorption, and glucose utilization. Proximal tubular epithelial cells (PTECs) depend on lipid metabolism to meet the high demand for ATP. Recent studies have shown that aging‐related kidney dysfunction is highly associated with metabolic changes in the kidney. Peroxisome proliferator‐activated receptor gamma coactivator‐1 alpha (PGC‐1α), a transcriptional coactivator, plays a major role in the regulation of mitochondrial biogenesis, peroxisomal biogenesis, and glucose and lipid metabolism. PGC‐1α is abundant in tissues, including kidney PTECs, which demand high energy. Many in vitro and in vivo studies have demonstrated that the activation of PGC‐1α by genetic or pharmacological intervention prevents telomere shortening and aging‐related changes in the skeletal muscle, heart, and brain. The activation of PGC‐1α can also prevent kidney dysfunction in various kidney diseases. Therefore, a better understanding of the effect of PGC‐1α activation in various organs on aging and kidney diseases may unveil a potential therapeutic strategy against kidney aging.
The relationship between pheromone trap catch and local population density of the oak processionary moth Thaumetopoea processionea (Lepidoptera: Thaumetopoeidae)
Authors: Straw Nigel A. , Hoppit Andrew , Branson Julia 
Published: July 2019

AbstractOak processionary moth (OPM) was introduced into the U.K. in 2004–2005 and pheromone traps have been used to monitor its spread and provide an early warning of the colonization of new areas.
The traps capture adult male OPM, although catches are highly variable and it has proved difficult to establish a relationship between the numbers of males caught and local population densities.
Surveys carried out around 260 pheromone traps as part of the U.K. OPM control programme, however, reveal a consistent linear relationship between square‐root transformed adult males per trap and cube‐root (or log10) transformed numbers of larval nests (r2 = 0.47; P < 0.001)
In 91% of cases where traps captured no adult males, there were no OPM nests within 250 m and, where nests were present, the numbers of nests were low. Traps that captured more than 10–20 males were associated with counts of ≥ 50 larval nests.
Defoliation and risks to human health from OPM are more closely related to nest density (i.e. the numbers of nests per tree). Consequently, identifying trap catches that might initiate a management response also requires information on the number of oak trees in the surrounding area.
Clinical concepts for cabazitaxel in the management of metastatic castration‐resistant prostate cancer
Authors: Al‐Mansouri Loma , Gurney Howard 
Published: July 2019

AbstractProstate cancer is the most common malignancy in male patients. The second‐generation taxanes, cabazitaxel, is a therapeutic option with an overall survival advantage for patients with metastatic castration‐resistant prostate cancer. This review explores specific aspects of cabazitaxel including the duration of treatment, the efficacy of lower dose and effect on the incidence of adverse effects, and optimal sequencing of cabazitaxel. A systematic search of data baselines “PubMed, Ovid Medline, Scopus, and Embase” was carried out using the keywords “cabazitaxel” and “metastatic prostate cancer.” The search was limited to clinical studies performed after October 2010 addressing duration of treatment, the efficacy of lower dose, adverse effects, the sequence of cabazitaxel in relation to other lines of therapy and use in chemotherapy naïve patients. The current evidence supports the utility and safety of cabazitaxel as either a second‐ or third‐line agent after docetaxel, or as an alternative to docetaxel in the chemotherapy‐naive setting. Extended duration of cabazitaxel beyond 10 cycles is feasible and does not appear to lead to cumulative toxicity. In conclusion, cabazitaxel can improve survival in castrate‐resistant prostate cancer with an acceptable risk of toxicity. Studies confirmed the efficacy of reduced dose and utility in patients without prior chemotherapy.
Bifocals reduce strabismus in children with Down syndrome: Evidence from a randomized controlled trial
Authors: de Weger Christine , Boonstra Nienke , Goossens Jeroen 
Published: July 2019

AbstarctPurposeChildren with Down syndrome (DS) more often have strabismus, refractive errors, accommodative lags and reduced visual acuity (VA) than typically developing children. In this study, we compare the effects of bifocal glasses with those of unifocal glasses in children withDS. Changes in angle of strabismus, accommodation and refractive error were analysed in this paper.MethodsIn a multicentre randomized controlled trial, 119 children withDS, aged 2–16, were randomly allocated for bifocal or unifocal glasses (with full correction of refractive error in cycloplegia). The 15 centres, all in the Netherlands, followed the participants for 1 year. Changes in refractive error, accommodative accuracy, strabismus, binocularity and stereopsis were compared across 4 subsequent visits.ResultsRefractive errors and accommodative errors showed no significant change throughout the course of our study in either intervention group. The manifest angle of strabismus, however, reduced significantly in the bifocal group. This improvement was observed shortly after the children received their new correction (~6 weeks) (linear regression:t = 3.652, p < 0.001) and remained present in the final measurements after 1 year (linear regression:t = 3.604, p < 0.001). The percentage of children with positive binocularity and stereo tests showed no significant differences between the groups.ConclusionBifocals with full correction of refractive error reduce the manifest angle of strabismus within a few weeks. No effects on accommodation, refractive error, stereopsis and binocularity occurred over the course of 1 year.
Editorial: not yet time for universal susceptibility‐guided first‐line Helicobacter pylori treatment
Authors: Argueta Erick A. , Moss Steven F. 
Published: July 2019

Linked ContentThis article is linked to Chen et al and Lu and Graham papers. To view these articles, visit https://doi.org/10.1111/apt.15273 and https://doi.org/10.1111/apt.15373.
Letter: immunogenicity of anti‐TNF in elderly IBD patients—authors' reply
Authors: Singh Siddharth , Jairath Vipul 
Published: July 2019

Linked ContentThis article is linked to Singh et al and Paul and Robin papers. To view these articles, visit https://doi.org/10.1111/apt.15214 and https://doi.org/10.1111/apt.15312.
Letter: use of collagen proportionate area to quantify liver fibrosis and predict clinical outcomes non‐alcoholic fatty liver disease—authors' reply
Authors: Buzzetti Elena , Tsochatzis Emmanuel A. 
Published: July 2019

Linked ContentThis article is linked to Buzzetti et al and Huang et al papers. To view
these articles, visit https://doi.org/10.1111/apt.15219 and https://doi.org/10.1111/apt.15362.
Risk factors for child maltreatment in South Korea: An investigation of a nationally representative sample
Authors: Ahn Jaejin , Yoo Joan P. 
Published: July 2019

AbstractThis study investigated the risk factors associated with the occurrence of child physical and psychological abuse in South Korea based on the ecological theory of child maltreatment. A subsample of 3‐ to 18‐year‐old children from “A Study on the Current State of Child Abuse and Neglect,” a nationally representative study on child abuse and neglect, was utilized for secondary data analysis. The sample was divided into two age groups (third graders in elementary school and below and fourth graders and above). We utilized hierarchical logistic regression for each age group separately to analyze the data. The variables at each level of the system (i.e., ontogenic development, microsystem, and exosystem) were entered into the model in sequential order. The results showed the common risk factors for both age groups are the caregiver's experience of abuse in childhood, the child's problem behavior, exposure to domestic violence, community size, and informal social control. The child's age was also significant in both groups but in the opposite direction. Social support was a significant predictor for the younger age group only, while the caregiver's level of education was significant for the older age group only. Implications for future research and practice are discussed based on the study results.
English Reading Growth in Spanish‐Speaking Bilingual Students: Moderating Effect of English Proficiency on Cross‐Linguistic Influence
Authors: Relyea Jackie Eunjung , Amendum Steven J. 
Published: July 2019

This study examined the extent to which kindergarten Spanish reading affected English reading growth trajectories through fourth grade among nationally representative Spanish‐speaking bilingual students (N = 312) in the United States and whether the association varied by students' English oral proficiency. Multilevel growth curve analyses revealed that stronger early Spanish reading was related to greater English reading growth. Within the stronger Spanish reading group, students with lower English oral proficiency initially began behind their counterparts but caught up with and surpassed them later. Within the weaker Spanish reading group, the difference between lower and higher English oral proficiency groups increased over time. Findings suggest that initially well‐developed Spanish reading competence plays a greater role in English reading development than English oral proficiency.
Diagnostic value of fecal B cell activating factor in patients with abdominal discomfort
Authors: Xie C , Quan R , Wang L , Chen C , Yan W , Fu Y 
Published: July 2019

Summary
Fecal calprotectin has successfully been widely recommended as a sensitive biomarker of inflammatory bowel diseases (IBD). Recently, we have identified an excellent new fecal biomarker, B cell activating factor (BAFF), as being as effective as fecal calprotectin for diagnosing intestinal inflammation. In this study, a total of 230 patients with abdominal discomfort were prospectively enrolled and fecal samples were collected within 24 h before the endoscopic examinations. We show that fecal BAFF levels were significantly higher in patients with ulcerative colitis (median = 1549 pg/g, P &lt; 0·0001), Crohn’s disease (median = 735 pg/g, P &lt; 0·0001), gastric cancer (median = 267 pg/g, P &lt; 0·0001) and colorectal cancer (median = 533 pg/g, P &lt; 0·0001) than those in healthy groups (median = 61 pg/g), while the values of which in patients with gastric polyps, colorectal polyps, esophagitis/gastritis/duodenitis and peptic ulcer were in the range of healthy individuals (P &gt; 0·05). An optimal cut-off value at 219·5 pg/g of fecal BAFF produced sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive and negative predictive values of 85, 91, 84 and 92%, respectively, for IBD or carcinoma. Our results therefore indicate a potential role for fecal BAFF as a sensitive screening parameter for IBD and gastrointestinal carcinoma, as well a useful tool to select patients with abdominal discomfort for further endoscopic examinations.
Evolution of in vivo assessed retention forces in one‐piece mini dental implant‐retained mandibular overdentures: 5‐Year follow‐up of a prospective clinical trial
Authors: Abou‐Ayash Samir , Enkling Norbert , Srinivasan Murali , Haueter Marius , Worni Andreas , Schimmel Martin 
Published: July 2019

AbstractBackgroundThe evolution of retention forces in one‐piece mini dental implants (MDIs) retaining implant overdentures (IODs) is of major importance, as the male parts cannot be exchanged, due to the implant design.PurposeTo report the evolution of retention forces of one‐piece MDIs, retaining mandibular IODs with ball/ O‐ring attachments during 5 years assessed in vivo.Materials and MethodsFour MDIs were installed in the interforaminal region and immediately loaded using the existing mandibular complete denture. Directly post‐op, at the 1‐year and the 5‐year follow‐up, the retention forces were assessed with a validated strain gauge at each implant site separately.ResultsAt the male part, changes could only be observed at implant site 34: During the first year, there was a statistically significant increase, whereas the retention forces were decreased at the 5‐year follow‐up. At the female part, retention forces decreased significantly over time. Baseline values could be reestablished by exchanging the O‐rings. The changes of the retention forces were more obvious in the posterior, compared to the anterior implants.ConclusionsRetention forces at the female part decrease significantly over time, when retaining mandibular IODs by MDIs with ball/ O‐ring attachments. Baseline values can be reestablished by exchanging the O‐rings. At the male part, changes of retention forces depend on the implant location.
De‐legitimizing hostility and strengthening joint agency: Lutheran inter‐religious commitment today
Authors: Sinn Simone 
Published: July 2019

AbstractThe ELCA Declaration of Inter‐Religious Commitment is an important instrument for mainstreaming inter‐religious engagement in local communities and diverse ministries. This article assesses this recent policy document and highlights how the text engages Lutheran theological reasoning on “the neighbor” for a profound understanding of God's grace, theologically de‐legitimizes hostility and exclusion, and strengthens joint agency. This resonates with current concerns in the global Lutheran communion and the wider ecumenical movement.
Data envelopment analysis with neutrosophic inputs and outputs
Authors: Abdelfattah Walid 
Published: July 2019

AbstractSince the recent appearance of neutrosophic theory as a generalization of fuzzy and intuitionistic fuzzy theories, many multicriteria decision methods have adopted this theory to deal with incomplete and indeterminate data. However, it has not yet been applied to the data envelopment analysis (DEA) methodology. Therefore, this study presents a DEA model with triangular neutrosophic inputs and outputs that considers the truth, indeterminacy, and falsity degrees of each data value. As an alternative, a parametric approach based on what we term the variation degree of a triangular neutrosophic number is developed. This approach transforms a neutrosophic DEA model into an interval DEA model that can be solved using one of many existing techniques. Interval efficiency scores obtained from our numerical example show the flexibility and authenticity of the proposed approach.
Fatigue performance of single lap joints with CFRP and aluminium substrates prior and after hygrothermal aging
Authors: Machado J. J. M. , Marques E. A. S. , Barbosa A. Q. , da Silva L. F. M. 
Published: July 2019

AbstractAdhesive bonding has been extensively used to join composites and aluminium alloys in the automotive industry, but a deeper understanding of its fatigue behaviour is still required. This work presents a novel evaluation of the combined performance of joints manufactured with carbon fibre reinforced plastic (CFRP) and aluminium substrates subjected to fatigue loads in the unaged, hygrothermally aged, and dried after hygrothermal aging states. The experimental results allowed to conclude that the fatigue performance of joints can be affected by changes induced by the drying process or losses in the interface strength and that dissimilar combination of substrates sustains higher number of cycles to failure. The fatigue performance of joints with dissimilar substrates was found to be better than that of joints with similar substrates, which can be attributed to the lower stresses acting on the adhesive layer. The presence of water has also noticeably changed the fatigue performance of joints with dissimilar substrates.