bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Metabolic Characteristics of Recently Diagnosed Adult-Onset Autoimmune Diabetes Mellitus
Authors: Zaharia Oana P , Bobrov Pavel , Strassburger Klaus , Bódis Kálmán , Karusheva Yanislava , Scholz Michaela , Markgraf Daniel F , Burkart Volker , Schloot Nanette C , Müssig Karsten , Szendroedi Julia , Roden Michael ,   GDS Group
Published: February 2018

Abstract

Context and Objective
Among patients diagnosed with type 2 diabetes, autoimmune diabetes often remains undetected. Metabolic features of these patients are insufficiently characterized at present.

Design, Setting, and Patients
This study compared age- and sex-matched adult (aged 41 to 62 years) humans with recent-onset diabetes: patients positive for antibodies against glutamic acid decarboxylase (GAD) and/or cytoplasmic islet-cell antigen with an insulin-free period of &gt;6 months [antibody positive/insulin negative (ab+/ins−); previously termed latent autoimmune diabetes of adults], type 1 diabetes [antibody positive/insulin positive (ab+/ins+)], and type 2 diabetes [antibody negative/insulin negative (ab−/ins−)], as well as glucose-tolerant humans (controls) of the German Diabetes Study (n = 41/group). β-Cell function was assessed from glucagon tests and intravenous glucose tolerance tests (IVGTTs), and insulin sensitivity was determined from hyperinsulinemic-euglycemic clamps.

Results
Of the ab+/ins− patients, 33 (81%) were initially diagnosed as having type 2 diabetes. In ab+/ins−, body mass index (BMI) was higher than in ab+/ins+ (27.8 ± 5.3 kg/m2 vs 25.0 ± 3.5 kg/m2, P &lt; 0.05), lower than in ab−/ins− (31.9 ± 5.8 kg/m2, P &lt; 0.05), and similar to controls (29.4 ± 6.6 kg/m2). In ab+/ins−, GAD antibody titers correlated negatively with BMI (r = −0.40, P &lt; 0.05) and with C-peptide secretion in glucagon stimulation tests (r = −0.33, P &lt; 0.05). β-Cell function from IVGTT was 228% higher in ab+/ins− than in ab+/ins+ but 35% lower than in ab−/ins− and 61% lower than in controls (all P &lt; 0.05). Insulin sensitivity in ab+/ins− was comparable to ab+/ins+ and controls but 41% higher than in ab−/ins− (P &lt; 0.05) after adjustment for BMI and fasting blood glucose or hemoglobin A1c.

Conclusion
Even shortly after diagnosis, ab+/ins− patients feature partly preserved β-cell function and chronic hyperglycemia, which possibly contributes to the observed impairment of whole-body insulin sensitivity.
Spliceosomal components protect embryonic neurons from R-loop-mediated DNA damage and apoptosis
Authors: Sorrells Shelly , Nik Sara , Casey Mattie , Cameron Rosannah C. , Truong Harold , Toruno Cristhian , Gulfo Michelle , Lowe Albert , Jette Cicely , Stewart Rodney A. , Bowman Teresa V. 
Published: February 2018

ABSTRACT
RNA splicing factors are essential for the viability of all eukaryotic cells; however, in metazoans some cell types are exquisitely sensitive to disruption of splicing factors. Neuronal cells represent one such cell type, and defects in RNA splicing factors can lead to neurodegenerative diseases. The basis for this tissue selectivity is not well understood owing to difficulties in analyzing the consequences of splicing factor defects in whole-animal systems. Here, we use zebrafish mutants to show that loss of spliceosomal components, including splicing factor 3b, subunit 1 (sf3b1), causes increased DNA double-strand breaks and apoptosis in embryonic neurons. Moreover, these mutants show a concomitant accumulation of R-loops, which are non-canonical nucleic acid structures that promote genomic instability. Dampening R-loop formation by conditional induction of ribonuclease H1 in sf3b1 mutants reduced neuronal DNA damage and apoptosis. These findings show that splicing factor dysfunction leads to R-loop accumulation and DNA damage that sensitizes embryonic neurons to apoptosis. Our results suggest that diseases associated with splicing factor mutations could be susceptible to treatments that modulate R-loop levels.
Work–Life Conflict of Globally Distributed Software Development Personnel: An Empirical Investigation Using Border Theory
Authors: Sarker Saonee , Ahuja Manju , Sarker Suprateek 
Published: February 2018

While a key motivation for globally distributed software development (GDSD) is to harness appropriate human capital, ironically, scant attention has been paid to addressing the human resource management issues faced by information technology (IT) professionals involved in this context. One particularly challenging human resource issue is that of work–life conflict (WLC) of the IT professionals involved in GDSD, who routinely experience overlaps and conflicts between their work and personal life domains. While WLC concerns are relevant in almost any contemporary environment, the GDSD context adds several layers of challenges arising from issues such as time differences, requirements instability, and the use of certain systems development methodologies. Recent research indicates that WLC issues go beyond individual concerns and are of strategic importance for talent retention. To develop a deeper understanding of these recognized challenges, we utilize Border Theory as a metatheoretical framework to develop and empirically test a model of organization-related and GDSD-related antecedents of WLC. In addition, we examine the impacts of WLC on job-related outcomes. Our study adopts a mixed-methods design, where an exploratory case along with a review of the literature is used to develop the research model. The model is then tested using a survey of 1,000 GDSD workers in three countries. We believe that our findings are not only of theoretical interest for the information systems discipline but also potentially helpful in improving the working conditions of the GDSD workforce. The online appendix is available at https://doi.org/10.1287/isre.2017.0734 .
The Impact of E-Visits on Visit Frequencies and Patient Health: Evidence from Primary Care
Authors: Bavafa Hessam , Hitt Lorin M. , Terwiesch Christian 
Published: February 2018

Secure messaging, or “e-visits,” between patients and providers has sharply increased in recent years, and many hope they will help improve healthcare quality, while increasing provider capacity. Using a panel data set from a large healthcare system in the United States, we find that e-visits trigger about 6% more office visits, with mixed results on phone visits and patient health. These additional visits come at the sacrifice of new patients: physicians accept 15% fewer new patients each month following e-visit adoption. Our data set on nearly 100,000 patients spans from 2008 to 2013, which includes the rollout and diffusion of e-visits in the health system we study. Identification comes from difference-in-differences estimates leveraging variation in the timing of e-visit adoption by both patients and providers. We conduct several robustness checks, including matching analyses and an instrumental variable analysis to account for possible time-varying characteristics among patient e-visit adopters. This paper was accepted by Chris Forman, information systems.
Dynamic Flexibility in Striatal-Cortical Circuits Supports Reinforcement Learning
Authors: Gerraty Raphael T. , Davidow Juliet Y. , Foerde Karin , Galvan Adriana , Bassett Danielle S. , Shohamy Daphna 
Published: February 2018

Complex learned behaviors must involve the integrated action of distributed brain circuits. Although the contributions of individual regions to learning have been extensively investigated, much less is known about how distributed brain networks orchestrate their activity over the course of learning. To address this gap, we used fMRI combined with tools from dynamic network neuroscience to obtain time-resolved descriptions of network coordination during reinforcement learning in humans. We found that learning to associate visual cues with reward involves dynamic changes in network coupling between the striatum and distributed brain regions, including visual, orbitofrontal, and ventromedial prefrontal cortex (n= 22; 13 females). Moreover, we found that this flexibility in striatal network coupling correlates with participants' learning rate and inverse temperature, two parameters derived from reinforcement learning models. Finally, we found that episodic learning, measured separately in the same participants at the same time, was related to dynamic connectivity in distinct brain networks. These results suggest that dynamic changes in striatal-centered networks provide a mechanism for information integration during reinforcement learning.SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENTLearning from the outcomes of actions, referred to asreinforcement learning, is an essential part of life. The roles of individual brain regions in reinforcement learning have been well characterized in terms of updating values for actions or cues. Missing from this account, however, is an understanding of how different brain areas interact during learning to integrate sensory and value information. Here we characterize flexible striatal-cortical network dynamics that relate to reinforcement learning behavior.
Basolateral Amygdala Inputs to the Medial Entorhinal Cortex Selectively Modulate the Consolidation of Spatial and Contextual Learning
Authors: Wahlstrom Krista L. , Huff Mary L. , Emmons Eric B. , Freeman John H. , Narayanan Nandakumar S. , McIntyre Christa K. , LaLumiere Ryan T. 
Published: February 2018

Although evidence suggests that the basolateral amygdala (BLA) and dorsal hippocampus (DH) work together to influence the consolidation of spatial/contextual learning, the circuit mechanism by which the BLA selectively modulates spatial/contextual memory consolidation is not clear. The medial entorhinal cortex (mEC) is a critical region in the hippocampus-based system for processing spatial information. As an efferent target of the BLA, the mEC is a candidate by which the BLA influences the consolidation of such learning. To address several questions regarding this issue, male Sprague Dawley rats received optogenetic manipulations of different BLA afferents immediately after training in different learning tasks. Optogenetic stimulation of the BLA–mEC pathway using ChR2(E123A) after spatial and cued-response Barnes maze training enhanced and impaired retention, respectively, whereas optical inhibition of the pathway using eNpHR3.0 produced trends in the opposite direction. Similar stimulation of the BLA-posterior dorsal striatum pathway had no effect. BLA–mEC stimulation also selectively enhanced retention for the contextual, but not foot shock, component of a modified contextual fear-conditioning procedure. In both sets of experiments, only stimulation using bursts of 8 Hz light pulses significantly enhanced retention, suggesting the importance of driving activity in this frequency range. An 8 Hz stimulation of the BLA–mEC pathway increased local field potential power in the same frequency range in the mEC and in the DH. Together, the present findings suggest that the BLA modulates the consolidation of spatial/contextual memory via projections to the mEC and that activity within the 8 Hz range is critical for this modulation.SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENTThe mechanism by which the basolateral amygdala (BLA) influences the consolidation of spatial/contextual memory is unknown. Using an optogenetic approach with multiple behavioral procedures, we found that immediate posttraining 8 Hz stimulation of BLA projections to the medial entorhinal cortex (mEC) enhanced retention for spatial/contextual memory, impaired retention for cued-response memory, and had no effect on foot shock learning for contextual fear conditioning. Electrophysiological recordings confirmed that 8 Hz stimulation of this pathway increased activity in the 8 Hz range in the mEC and in the dorsal hippocampus, a region critical for spatial memory consolidation. This suggests that coordinated BLA activity with downstream regions in the 8 Hz activity range immediately after training is important for consolidation of multiple memory forms.
ИНВЕРСИЯ СПИНОВОЙ ПОЛЯРИЗАЦИИ УЛЬТРАКОРОТКИХ ОДНОСТЕННЫХ УГЛЕРОДНЫХ НАНОТРУБОК (0,9) В СИЛЬНОМ ЭЛЕКТРИЧЕСКОМ ПОЛЕ
Authors: Тучин Андрей Витальевич , Глушков Григорий Иванович , Ефимов Николай Николаевич , Бормонтов Евгений Николаевич 
Published: February 2018

Методом теории функционала проведено численное моделирование электронной структуры закрытых ук-УНТ(0,9) симметрий D3h/D3d и D3 в спинсинглетном и спинтриплетном состоянии для различных величин внешнего электрического поля. Установлена монотонная убывающая зависимость спиновой поляризации при дискретном наращивании длины трубки.
Показано, что модуляция поляризации в электрическом поле имеет спинзависимый характер: для электронов со спином “вверх” при приложении поля поляризация снижается, для электронов со спином “вниз” поляризация возрастает. При критической величине электрического поля происходит инверсия спиновой поляризации, главным каналом проводимости становится канал со спином “вниз”.
Развитые методы синтеза, высокая стабильность и возможность управления спиновой поляризацией приложением внешнего электрического поля позволяют рассматривать ук-УНТ как перспективный материал для создания спиновых вентилей и других функциональных устройств спинтроники.
Работа выполнена при финансовой поддержке гранта РФФИ № 16-32-00926-мол_а.
НОВЫЙ ЭЛЕКТРОХИМИЧЕСКИЙ МЕТОД ПОЛУЧЕНИЯ НАНОСТРУКТУРНЫХ Pt/C МАТЕРИАЛОВ
Authors: Волочаев Вадим Александрович , Новомлинский Иван Николаевич , Цветкова Галина Геннадьевна , Гутерман Владимир Ефимович 
Published: February 2018

Предложен оригинальный способ получения дисперсных Pt/C материалов посредством электроосаждения платины на находящиеся в суспензии частицы углеродного носителя. Материалы изучены методами рентгенографии, гравиметрии, циклической вольтамперометрии и сканирующей электронной микроскопии. Полученные Pt/C материалы содержат от 9 до 14% масс. Pt. Средний размер частиц платины составляет от 7 до 15 нм, а электрохимически активная площадь её поверхности - от 23 до 56 м2/г (Pt). Полученные материалы проявляют каталитическую активность в реакции электровосстановления кислорода, которая преимущественно протекает по 4х-электронному механизму.
Работа выполнена при финансовой поддержке Южного федерального университета (грант 213.01.-07.2014/10ПЧВГ). Авторы благодарят отдел структурных исследований ИОХ РАН за исследование образцов методом сканирующей электронной микроскопии.
СИСТЕМА Tl4PbTe3-Tl9SmTe6
Authors: Имамалиева Самира Закировна , Алекберзаде Ганира Ильгаровна , Бабанлы Дуня Магомедовна 
Published: February 2018

В работе приведены результаты исследования фазовых равновесий в четверной системе Tl-Pb-Sm-Te в концентрационной области Tl4PbTe3-Tl9SmTe6 методами дифференциального термического (ДТА) и рентгенофазового (РФА) анализов, а также измерений микротвердости.
Показано, что Т-х диаграмма характеризуется образованием непрерывного ряда твердых растворов (δ-фаза). В целом данный разрез является неквазибинарным вследствие инконгруэнтного характера плавления Tl9SmTe6. В широком интервале составов (>35 mol.% Tl4PbTe3) в нем происходит первичная кристаллизация TlSmTe2, что приводит к образованию на диаграмме состояния фазовых областей L+TlSmTe2 и L+TlSmTe2+δ.
Кривая зависимости микротвердости от состава имеет пологий максимум, что характерно для систем с неограниченными твердыми растворами замещения.
Данные порошковых рентгенограмм показали, что все сплавы по разрезу Tl4PbTe3-Tl9SmTe6 являются однофазными и имеют тетрагональную структуру типа Tl5Te3. Параметры кристаллической решетки твердых растворов подчиняются правилу Вегарда.
Полученные экспериментальные данные могут быть использованы для выбора составов раствор-расплав для выращивания монокристаллов δ-фазы, представляющих интерес для разработки термоэлектрических преобразователей энергии.
Работа выполнена в рамках международной совместной исследовательской лаборатории «Передовые материалы для квантового компьютинга и спинтроники» (AMSQC), созданной между Институтом катализа и неорганической химии НАНА (Азербайджан) и Международным Физическим Центром Доностии (Испания).
СУММАРНЫЕ И ПАРЦИАЛЬНЫЕ ВОЛЬТАМПЕРНЫЕ ХАРАКТЕРИСТИКИ АНИОНООБМЕННЫХ МЕМБРАН В РАСТВОРАХ NaCl И NaH2PO4
Authors: Цыгурина Ксения Алексеевна , Рыбалкина Олеся Алексеевна , Мельникова Екатерина Дмитриевна , Письменская Наталья Дмитриевна 
Published: February 2018

Данная работа направлена на изучение механизмов переноса амфолитов в каналах обессоливания электродиализаторов. Объектом исследования является гомогенная анионообменная мембрана АХ, которая находится в 0.02 М растворе NaH2PO4. В результате реакций протонирования-депротонирования аниона дигидрофосфата он может трансформироваться в анионы гидрофосфата и фосфата с образованием протонов и ионов гидроксила, которые могут принимать участие в переносе заряда в системе AX/NaH2PO4. Мы предлагаем достаточно простую методику, которая позволяет определить парциальные токи и числа переноса противоионов через анионообменную мембрану, а также оценить количество протонов, поступающих от границы этой мембраны в канал обессоливания электродиализатора в допредельных и сверхпредельных токовых режимах. С помощью этой методики показано, что трансформация в мембране однозарядных анионов H2PO4– сначала в двухзарядные HPO42–, а затем в трехзарядные PO43– ионы является причиной отличий формы суммарных вольтамперных характеристик по сравнению с получаемыми в растворах NaCl.
Работа выполнена при финансовой поддержке Российского Фонда Фундаментальных Исследований, проект № 16-48-230856рег_а.
Organik Etlik Piliç Karma Yemlerine İlave Edilen Yonca Ununun Et Kalitesi Üzerine Etkileri
Authors: TAN Kağan , KIRKPINAR Figen 
Published: February 2018

&nbsp;

Bu çalışma, organik yonca ununun yavaş
gelişen organik etlik piliçlerin karma yemlerinde kullanılmasının et kalitesi
üzerine etkileri belirlemek amacıyla yapılmıştır. Çalışmada, toplam 225 adet
günlük yaşta erkek ve dişi karışık
cinsiyette Red JA ırkı broyler
civciv kullanılmıştır. Civcivler canlı ağırlık (CA) farklılıkları istatistiki
olarak önemsiz olacak şekilde 3 muamele grubuna 5 tekerrürlü (n=15) olarak
dağıtılmıştır. Deneme süresince (77 gün) muamele gruplarında %0, 5 ve 10
düzeylerinde yonca unu içeren yemler kullanılmıştır. Çalışmada et kalitesi
parametrelerinden fiziksel, kimyasal ve duyusal özellikler incelenmiştir.
Deneme sonunda karma yemlerine yonca unu ilave edilen etlik piliçlerin et
kalite kriterleri açısından gruplar arasında göğüs etinde pişirme kaybı,
çözdürme kaybı, parlaklık (L), kırmızılık (a), sarılık (b) renk değerleri, kuru
madde ve ham protein değerlerinde; but etinde pH, a, b renk değerleri ve ham
protein değerlerinde; göğüs ve but eti duyusal özelliklerinde önemli
farklılıklar saptanmıştır (P&lt;0.05). Yapılan duyusal analizde ise, organik
sistemde yetiştirilen etlik piliçlerin karma yemine ilave edilen yonca ununu
tüketen grup hayvanların etlerini tüketicilerin tercih etme eğiliminde olduğu
anlaşılmıştır.&nbsp;
Aluniq: and her friend, Buster by A. Pingo
Authors: Campbell Sandy 
Published: February 2018

Pingo, Anna. Aluniq: and her friend, Buster. Illus. Karleen Green. Inuvilauit Settlement Region, 2016.This is a simple story about separation of loved ones, a common, but none-the-less painful necessity in many remote communities. Aluniq is a little girl who lives with her Norwegian grandparents at the Qunngilaat Reindeer Station in Canada’s Northwest Territories. Aluniq has a pet reindeer calf named Buster. She has lived with her grandparents from birth because her mother has been away for years for tuberculosis treatment. Now that her mother is well and back in Tuktuuyaqtuuq, Aluniq must go to live with her parents, hundreds of kilometers away from the Station. But “Aluniq [is] frightened as she [doesn’t] know who these people [are].” Her grandparents are very sad to be separated from her and she is sad to be separated from them and from Buster. Although Aluniq does not recognize it at the time, this is also a story of reunion and of putting things right. Her parents are happy to have her return. This simple, but realistic story highlights the fact that many families in the Inuvialuit Settlement Region and other remote parts of Canada have been disrupted when people have had to leave home to receive medical treatment. It is clearly written and readable at an upper elementary level. Karleen Green’s drawings are rustic and unsophisticated, but are delightfully representative of the Inuit world and accessible to children. Available in English, as well as all three Inuvialuktun dialects, these books are appropriate for elementary school and public libraries and any collection of Canadian children’s literature.Highly recommended: 4 out of 4Reviewer: Sandy CampbellSandy is a Health Sciences Librarian at the University of Alberta, who has written hundreds of book reviews across many disciplines. Sandy thinks that sharing books with children is one of the greatest gifts anyone can give.
Paper Currency Detection based Image Processing Techniques: A review paper
Authors: H. Shaker Shaimaa , Gheni Alawan Mohammed 
Published: February 2018

The currency has a great meaning in everyday life. Thus currency recognition has gained a great interest for many researchers. The researchers have suggested diverse approaches to improve currency recognition. Based on strong literature survey, image processing can be considered as the most widespread and effective technique of currency recognition. This paper introduces some close related works of paper-currency recognition. This paper has explained a variety of different currency recognition systems. The applications have used the power of computing to differentiate between different types of currencies with the appropriate layer. Choosing the proper feature would improve overall system performance. The main goal of this work is to compare previous papers and literatures through reviews these literatures and identify the advantages and disadvantage for each method in these literatures. The results were summarized in a comparison table that presented different ways of reviewing the technology used in image processing to distinguish currency papers.