bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Caveolin‐1 knockdown increases the therapeutic sensitivity of lung cancer to cisplatin‐induced apoptosis by repressing Parkin‐related mitophagy and activating the ROCK1 pathway
Authors: Liu Yi , Fu Yili , Hu Xianoxing , Chen Shuo , Miao Jinbai , Wang Yang , Zhou Ying , Zhang Yuan 
Published: July 2019

AbstractChemotherapy is the first‐line treatment option for patients with lung cancer. However, therapeutic resistance occurs through an incompletely understood mechanism. Our research wants to investigate the influence of Caveolin‐1 (Cav‐1) on the therapeutic sensitivity of lung cancer in vitro. Results in this study demonstrated that Cav‐1 levels were markedly inhibited in A549 lung cancer cells after exposure to cisplatin. Knockdown of caveolin further enhanced cisplatin‐triggered cancer death in A549 cells. The functional investigation demonstrated that Cav‐1 inhibition amplified the mitochondrial stress signaling induced by cisplatin, as evidenced by the mitochondrial reactive oxygen species burst, cellular metabolic disruption, mitochondrial membrane potential reduction, and mitochondrial caspase‐9‐related apoptosis activation. At the molecular level, cav‐1 augmented cisplatin‐mediated mitochondrial damage by inhibiting Parkin‐related mitochondrial autophagy. Mitophagy activation effectively attenuated the promotive impact of Cav‐1 knockdown on mitochondrial damage and cell death. Furthermore, our data indicated that Cav‐1 affected Parkin‐related mitophagy by activating the Rho‐associated coiled‐coil kinase 1 (ROCK1) pathway; inhibition of the ROCK1 axis prevented cav‐1 knockdown‐mediated cell death and mitochondrial damage. Taken together, our results provide ample data illuminate the necessary action exerted by Cav‐1 on affecting cisplatin‐related therapeutic resistance. Silencing of Cav‐1 inhibited Parkin‐related mitophagy, thus amplifying cisplatin‐mediated mitochondrial apoptotic signaling. This finding identifies the Cav‐1/ROCK1/Parkin/mitophagy axis as a potential target to overcome cisplatin‐related resistance in lung cancer cells.
Arsenic trioxide, a cancer chemo drug hampers fibrotic liver regeneration by interrupting oxidative stress rekindling and stellate cell rejuvenation
Authors: Nithyananthan Subramaniyam , Thirunavukkarasu Chinnasamy 
Published: July 2019

AbstractAfter withdrawal of liver toxic insult, the spontaneous regenerative potential of the liver is well reported in the literature. On the other hand, various molecules have been reported to promote as well as delay such natural regeneration. This current study investigates the involvement of arsenic trioxide (ATO) medication at chemotherapeutic dose on the spontaneous regeneration of the CCl4 induced fibrotic liver. Liver injury markers, such as albumin and SGOT, SGPT, and ALP activities, in serum indicated that ATO supplementation during liver regeneration hampers the rejuvenation process. The hepatic architecture as well as the degree of fibrosis by hematoxylin and eosin and Sirius red staining confirms the above findings. The reduced hepatic antioxidant system and elevated oxidative stress markers, such as lipid peroxidation and 8‐hydroxy deoxy‐guanosine‐positive hepatocytes in ATO supplied rats, display the persistence of oxidative stress when compared with healthy controls and the normal regeneration model. Immuno‐histochemical localization of Ki‐67 indicates that mitotically active hepatocytes were fewer in the ATO given rats when compared with normal regeneration rats. Further delay in hepatic fibrinolysis was monitored by matrix metalloproteinase zymography assay in the ATO‐given animals. Poly(ADP‐ribose) polymerase 1 expression demonstrates elevated hepatocyte apoptosis with ATO. Furthermore, increased α‐smooth muscle actin indicates that the stellate cells are in an activated state in ATO supplemented fibrotic animals. In conclusion, it's observed that ATO supplementation to the fibrotic liver delays oxidative stress revitalization and maintains stellate cells in the active form, thereby delaying liver regeneration, and the health status of the liver must be taken into account before administering drugs like ATO.
Hsa_circ_0039411 promotes tumorigenesis and progression of papillary thyroid cancer by miR‐1179/ABCA9 and miR‐1205/MTA1 signaling pathways
Authors: Yang Yimin , Ding Lili , Li Yanhua , Xuan Chengluan 
Published: July 2019

AbstractPapillary thyroid cancer (PTC) is a common malignancy in endocrine system worldwide. Increasing evidence has shown that dysregulation of circular RNAs (circRNAs) could contribute to PTC tumorigenesis. The aims of this project are to investigate the potential role and molecular mechanism of hsa_circ_0039411 in PTC. In the project, RT‐qPCR was performed to measure the expression profile of hsa_circ_0039411 in PTC tissues and cells. Cell counting kit‐8, clonogenic, flow cytometric, and transwell experiments were used to identify the biological role of hsa_circ_0039411 on PTC cell progression. Bioinformatics methods, along with the dual‐luciferase reporter test, was used to identify the potential mechanism of hsa_circ_0039411. Hsa_circ_0039411 was identified as enhanced in PTC tissues/cells. Gain‐of‐function experiments indicated that hsa_circ_0039411 facilitated PTC cell growth, migration, and invasion and inhibited cell apoptosis. Knockdown of hsa_circ_0039411 caused the opposite effects mentioned above. The mechanism exploration showed that hsa_circ_0039411 functioned as a sponge for miR‐1179 and miR‐1205 to elevate ATP‐binding cassette transporter A9 (ABCA9) and metastasis‐associated 1 (MTA1) expression at the post‐transcriptional level, respectively. Further investigation confirmed that the functions of hsa_circ_0039411 are dependent on its modulation of ABCA9 and MTA1 in PTC cells. This study uncovered a mechanism of hsa_circ_0039411 in PTC, which might act as a novel therapeutic target for PTC.
Highly robust oxide TFT with bulk accumulation and source/drain/active layer splitting
Authors: Lee Suhui , Chen Yuanfeng , Kim Jeonggi , Kim Hyomin , Jang Jin 
Published: July 2019

AbstractWe report stable and high performance amorphous indium‐gallium‐zinc oxide (a‐IGZO) thin‐film transistor (TFT) by using bulk‐accumulation (BA) and split active/source/drain layers. The a‐IGZO TFTs exhibit the mobility over 80 cm2/Vs and extremely stable under bias and mechanical stresses. We demonstrated a 4‐inch semitransparent AMOLED using the oxide TFT backplane with the gate driver integrated.
Accuracy and outcomes of stereotactic vacuum‐assisted breast biopsy for diagnosis and management of nonpalpable breast lesions
Authors: Tsai Huei‐Yi , Chao Min‐Fang , Ou‐Yang Fu , Kan Jung‐Yu , Hsu Jui‐Sheng , Hou Ming‐Feng , Chiu Herng‐Chia 
Published: July 2019

AbstractStereotactic vacuum‐assisted biopsy (SVAB) is an alternative method of breast biopsy for nonpalpable lesions detected by mammography. Considering the diagnostic effectiveness, a direct comparison of SVAB and open surgical biopsy (OSB) is lacking. We performed a retrospective review of 276 (33.8%) SVAB and 541 (66.2%) OSB to compare the diagnostic accuracy and the total number of procedures the patients underwent. The negative predictive values of OSB and SVAB were 99.77% and 99.61%, and their false‐negative rates were 0.96% and 4.76%, respectively. SVAB, as the first‐line biopsy method, obviated 92.3% of operations. All malignancies diagnosed using SVAB could be treated with single therapeutic surgery. By contrast, 48% of malignancies of OSB group received two operations. Breast Imaging Reporting and Data System (BI‐RADS) category used at the study correlated well with the percentage of malignancy and can thus be used to predict biopsy results. Our study concluded that SVAB is reliable for diagnosing nonpalpable breast lesions and is the better biopsy method for categories 3 and 4A lesions, which reduces the benign surgery rate. For lesions with a higher likelihood of malignancy, BI‐RADS 4B, 4C and 5, SVAB has an advantage over OSB, which lowers the total number of operations for malignancy treatment.
Design and development of low radar cross section antenna using hybrid metamaterial absorber
Authors: Sharma Atipriya , Panwar Ravi , Khanna Rajesh 
Published: July 2019

AbstractAn efficient approach is presented in this article, to reduce radar cross section (RCS) of a microstrip patch antenna, without affecting other radiation characteristics by the application of a novel hybrid metamaterial (MM) structure. The microstrip antenna is designed to operate at 4.2 GHz. Three different configurations of MM structures (ie, CB_1, CB_2, and hybrid) with splitted square and ring shaped two nonidentical MM cells are designed and critically analyzed in the range of 2‐18 GHz. A hybrid MM configuration is chosen for the design and implementation of low RCS antenna due to its exceptional performance as compared to CB_1 and CB_2. The hybrid MM is organized in chessboard configuration, comprises of splitted square and ring shaped MM unit cell. The results show that proposed antenna gives substantially out of band RCS reduction from 6 to 18 GHz and the proposed antenna has a lower RCS than the reference antenna. Proposed antenna attains wideband bandwidth around 7.4 GHz (ranging 2.0‐4.4 GHz, 7.8‐9.1 GHz, and 14.3‐18 GHz). The maximum reduction of −30.1 dBsm at 16.4 GHz is achieved in the hybrid MM structure impinged microstrip patch antenna. Finally, the fabrication and performance evaluation of MM loaded antenna is carried out. Moreover, measured results of the fabricated samples are closely matched with simulated results, which prove the effectiveness of the adopted approach for practical applications.
The incidence and outcomes of urodynamic stress urinary incontinence in female patients with urethral diverticulum
Authors: Barratt Rachel , Malde Sachin , Pakzad Mahreen , Hamid Rizwan , Ockrim Jeremy , Greenwell Tamsin 
Published: July 2019

AbstractAimsTo assess the incidence and management of urodynamic stress urinary incontinence (USUI) in women undergoing transvaginal excision of a urethral diverticulum (UD) at our institution.MethodsA prospective database, capturing patients undergoing urethral diverticulectomy over a 9‐year period (May 2007 to August 2016), was reviewed focusing on USUI and subsequent management.ResultsOne hundred patients underwent UD excision (with modified Martius labial fat‐pad flap interposition). Preoperative magnetic resonance imaging data, available in 90 patients, demonstrated that 80% had complex diverticula. Complete urodynamic data were available for 93 patients.Preoperatively, 27 patients (29%) had USUI of which 16 patients resolved with either UD excision alone (n = 8) or 3 months of pelvic floor muscle therapy (PFMT) (n = 8). All 11 with persistent postoperative USUI had video urodynamics (VUDs) confirming Blaivas type 3 USUI. Six patients had a rectus fascial pubovaginal sling (RFPVS) with success in five (83.3%) while five had a mid‐urethral obturator tape (MUT‐O) with 100% success.Sixteen patients developed de novo stress urinary incontinence (SUI) postoperatively, with resolution after PFMT in 12 (75%). VUDS identified USUI (Blaivas type 3) in two (of the remaining four) patients, managed successfully with MUT‐O (n = 1) and RFPVS (n = 1).ConclusionPreoperative USUI is present in 29% with UD. Postoperatively, 35.5% (n = 33) have pre‐existing (19) or de novo (14) SUI, of which 60.6% (n = 20) resolves after 12 months of conservative management. Surgery for USUI is required in 13 (13.9%), with cure in 92.3%. This supports our practice to excise UD primarily and delay USUI surgery, therefore, avoiding overtreatment for the majority.
Convergence behaviour of the enriched scaled boundary finite element method
Authors: Bremm Sophia , Hell Sascha , Becker Wilfried 
Published: July 2019

SummaryIn this work, a very efficient numerical solution of three‐dimensional boundary value problems of linear elasticity including stress singularities is discussed, focussing on its convergence behaviour. For the employed scaled boundary finite element method, a discretization is only needed at the boundary, while the solution is considered analytically in a scaling coordinate. This presents a major advantage for two‐dimensional problems, when the scaling center is placed at a stress singularity. Unfortunately, three‐dimensional problems usually do not only include point singularities but also line singularities, which results in singular gradients in the boundary coordinates and thereby diminishes the method's original advantages. To alleviate this drawback, this work discusses an enrichment of the separation of variables representation with analytical asymptotic near fields of the line singularities. In contrast to previous works, besides the near‐field functions with λ=0.5, also those with λ=1.5 were determined and used for enrichment. This leads to a high accuracy and it is shown that this approach is required to recover the convergence properties of smooth boundary value problems without singularities when using quadratic Lagrange shape functions. In order to recover the convergence rates for higher order shape functions, near‐field functions with higher singularity exponent have to be included for enrichment.
Discovery of 4,6‐bis(2‐((E)‐benzylidene)hydrazinyl)pyrimidin‐2‐Amine with Antibiotic Activity
Authors: Russell Cecilia C. , Stevens Andrew , Young Kelly A. , Baker Jennifer R. , McCluskey Siobhann N. , Khazandi Manouchehr , Pi Hongfei , Ogunniyi Abiodun , Page Stephen W. , Trott Darren J. , McCluskey Adam 
Published: July 2019

AbstractRobenidine (E)‐N′‐((E)‐1‐(4‐chlorophenyl)ethylidene)‐2‐(1‐(4‐chlorophenyl)ethylidene)hydrazine‐1‐carboximidhydrazide displays methicillin‐resistant Staphyoccoccus aureus (MRSA) and vancomycin‐resistant Enterococci (VRE) MICs of 2 μg mL−1. Herein we describe the structure‐activity relationship development of a novel series of guanidine to 2‐aminopyrimidine isosteres that ameliorate the low levels of mammalian cytotoxicity in the lead compound while retaining good antibiotic activity. Removal of the 2‐NH2 pyrimidine moiety renders these analogues inactive. Introduction of a central 2‐NH2 triazine moiety saw a 10‐fold activity reduction. Phenyl to cyclohexyl isosteres were inactive. The 4‐BrPh and 4‐CH3Ph with MIC values of 2 and 4 μg mL−1, against MRSA and VRE respectively, are promising candidates for future development.
Advances in the Physicochemical Profiling of Opioid Compounds of Therapeutic Interest
Authors: Mazák Károly , Noszál Béla , Hosztafi Sándor 
Published: July 2019

AbstractThis review focuses on recent developments in the physicochemical profiling of morphine and other opioids. The acid‐base properties and lipophilicity of these compounds is discussed at the microscopic, species‐specific level. Examples are provided where this type of information can reveal the mechanism of pharmacokinetic processes at the submolecular level. The role of lipophilicity in quantitative structure–activity relationship (QSAR) studies of opioids is reviewed. The physicochemical properties and pharmacology of the main metabolites of morphine are also discussed. Recent studies indicate that the active metabolite morphine‐6‐glucuronide (M6G) can contribute to the analgesic activity of systemically administered morphine. The unexpectedly high lipophilicity of M6G partly accounts for its analgesic activity. When administered parenterally, another suspected minor metabolite, morphine‐6‐sulfate (M6S) has superior antinociceptive effects to those of morphine. However, because sulfate esters of morphine derivatives cannot cross the blood‐brain barrier these esters may be good candidates to develop peripheral analgesic drugs.
Facile Preparation of Organometallic Nanorods from Various Ethynyl‐Substituted Molecules
Authors: Nishijo Junichi , Akashi Takaaki , Enomoto Masaya , Akita Motoko 
Published: July 2019

AbstractA facile method to prepare one‐dimensional (1D) organometallic nanomaterials from various ethynyl‐substituted molecules is reported. The reactions of 3‐chloro‐1‐ethynylbenzene, p‐tBu‐phenylacetylene and 4‐ethynylbiphenyl with Cu+ ions in acetonitrile yield nanorod‐shaped copper acetylides (Cu−C≡C−R) crystals. In the case of linear alkynes, namely, propyne, 1‐pentyne and 1‐hexyne, it was found that using an aqueous ammonia/ethanol mixed solvent instead of acetonitrile is a better approach to obtain 1D nanostructures. This procedure also enables us to prepare functional 1D nanomaterials. We demonstrate the preparation of a paramagnetic nanorod from the organic radical p‐ethynylphenyl nitronyl nitroxide, and fluorescent nanorods from 9‐ethynylphenanthrene and 2‐ethynyl‐9,9′‐spirobifluorene.
Thoracic growth deficiency in childhood cancer survivors may cause overestimation of lung disease
Authors: Dean Terry , McDonough Joseph M. , Josephson Maureen , Ginsberg Jill P. , Carlson Claire A. , Fiorino Elizabeth K. , Goldfarb Samuel B. 
Published: July 2019

AbstractIntroductionSurvivors of childhood cancers undergo routine pulmonary function testing as they are at an increased lifetime risk for significant lung disease. However, this population also demonstrates growth abnormalities that could influence the interpretation of these tests, as reference equations are based on standing height. We aim to determine the impact of the relative thoracic growth deficiency in childhood cancer survivors on the interpretation of pulmonary function testing.MethodsStanding height and upper segment length (USL) in childhood cancer survivors undergoing pulmonary function testing at a single academic center were compared to age‐matched historical standards. Additionally, pulmonary function tests were compared to reference values generated from standing height and doubled USL.ResultsData were obtained from 107 cancer survivors. While the subjects demonstrated an overall 6.8% lower standing height vs historical standards, they also demonstrated relative thoracic growth abnormality with a further 9.9% decrement in the ratio USL to standing height. The use of doubled upper segment length as a surrogate measure for standing height in pulmonary function reference equations decreased the number of patients with restrictive lung disease as indicated by spirometry.ConclusionsChildhood cancer survivors have disproportionately worse thoracic growth deficiency vs appendicular growth deficiency. As a result, their USL is disproportionately short for their standing height, which is most commonly used in pulmonary function testing reference equations. This leads to an increased likelihood in these patients meeting pulmonary function test criteria for restrictive lung disease.
Using deep‐learning techniques for pulmonary‐thoracic segmentations and improvement of pneumonia diagnosis in pediatric chest radiographs
Authors: E Longjiang , Zhao Baisong , Guo Yunmei , Zheng Changmeng , Zhang Mingjie , Lin Jin , Luo Yunhao , Cai Yi , Song Xingrong , Liang Huiying 
Published: July 2019

AbstractPurposeTo evaluate the efficacy of a deep‐learning model to segment the lung and thorax regions in pediatric chest X‐rays (CXRs). Validating the diagnosis of bacterial or viral pneumonia could be improved after lung segmentation.Materials and methodsA clinical‐pediatric CXR set including 1351 patients was proposed to develop a deep‐learning model for the pulmonary‐thoracic segmentations. Model performance was evaluated by Jaccard's similarity coefficient (JSC) and Dice's coefficient (DC). Two adult CXR sets were used to assess the model's generalizability. According to the pulmonary‐thoracic ratio, Pearson's correlation coefficient and the Bland‐Altman plot were generated to demonstrate the correlation and agreement between manual and automatic segmentations. The receiver operating characteristic curves and areas under the curve (AUCs) were used to compare the pneumonia classification performance based on the lung‐extracted images with that based on the original images.ResultsThe model achieved JSCs of 0.910 and 0.950, DCs of 0.948 and 0.974 for lung and thorax segmentations, respectively. Pearson's r = 0.96, P < .0001. In the Bland‐Altman plot, the mean difference was 0.0025 with a 95% confidence interval of (−0.0451, 0.0501). For testing with two adult CXR sets, the JSCs were 0.903 and 0.888, respectively, while the DCs were 0.948 and 0.937, respectively. After lung segmentation, the AUC of a classifier to identify bacterial or viral pneumonia increased from 0.815 to 0.879.ConclusionWe built a pediatric CXR dataset and exploited a deep‐learning model for accurate pulmonary‐thoracic segmentations. Lung segmentation can notably improve the diagnosis of bacterial or viral pneumonia.
The chondroprotective effect of diosmin on human articular chondrocytes under oxidative stress
Authors: Chen Yi‐Ru , Yang Kai‐Chiang , Lu Dai‐Hua , Wu Wen‐Tien , Wang Chen‐Chie , Tsai Mong‐Hsun 
Published: July 2019

Excessive oxidative stress, which can amplify inflammatory responses, is involved in the pathologic progression of knee osteoarthritis. Diosmin is known to possess a variety of biological functions such as antiinflammatory and antioxidant activities. We therefore demonstrated the chondroprotective potentials of diosmin on human articular chondrocytes under oxidative stress. The cytotoxicity of diosmin (5, 10, 50, and 100 μM) to chondrocytes was first evaluated. Subsequently, the cells were treated with diosmin (5 and 10 μM) after hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) exposure. We found that the cytotoxicity of diosmin occurred in a dose‐dependent manner (10, 50, and 100 μM), and low‐dose diosmin (5 μM) slightly impaired cell viability. Diosmin supplementations (5 and 10 μM) did not show beneficial effects on mitochondrial activity, cytotoxicity, proliferation, and survival and the cell senescence was ameliorated in H2O2‐exposed chondrocytes. On the other hand, diosmin down‐regulated the mRNA levels of iNOS, COX‐2, IL‐1β, COL1A1, MMP‐3, and MMP‐9; up‐regulated TIMP‐1 and SOX9; and improved COL2A1 in chondrocytes under oxidative stresses. Furthermore, diosmin also regulated glutathione reductase and glutathione peroxidase of H2O2‐exposed chondrocytes. In conclusion, diosmin displayed a remarkable antiinflammatory effect compared with the antioxidant capacity on human chondrocytes. Diosmin can maintain the homeostasis of extracellular matrix of articular cartilage.
Distributed observer‐based leader‐follower attitude consensus control for multiple rigid bodies using rotation matrices
Authors: Peng Xiuhui , Geng Zhiyong 
Published: July 2019

SummaryThis paper addresses the distributed observer‐based leader‐follower attitude consensus control problem for multiple rigid bodies. An intrinsic distributed observer is proposed for each follower to estimate the leader's trajectory, which is only available to a subset of followers. The proposed observer can guarantee that the estimated attitude evolves on rotation matrices all the time, and it provides us with a simple way to design the attitude consensus control law. The dynamics of rigid bodies and distributed observer are both modeled directly on rotation matrices, so that the singularity and ambiguity can be avoided. Furthermore, adopting the idea of disturbance observer on vector space, a gyro bias observer on the rotation matrices is proposed. Based on the distributed observer, three types of attitude consensus control law are proposed, which are respectively on the basis of full‐state, biased angular velocity, and external disturbance combined with biased angular velocity. Finally, the SimMechanics experiments are provided to illustrate effectiveness of the proposed theoretical results.