bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Comparing the Effectiveness of Platelet‐Rich Plasma Alone Versus Combined With Microneedles or Radiofrequency for Neck Wrinkle Treatment
Authors: Li Ke‐Cheng , Lin Zi‐Zhe , Zhang Zhi‐Dan , Xie Shan , Xie Guang‐Hui 
Published: November 2024

ABSTRACTBackgroundNeck wrinkles are a prominent characteristic of skin aging, with recent studies indicating that interventions such as platelet‐rich plasma (PRP), microneedling (MN), and radiofrequency (RF) can effectively rejuvenate aging skin.AimsThis study aims to assess and compare the efficacy of three treatment modalities in addressing neck wrinkles.MethodsFifteen female participants with a neck Lemperle Wrinkle Assessment Scale (WAS) score of 3–4 were enrolled in a randomized clinical trial. The subjects were randomly assigned to three treatment groups: PRP injection, MN + PRP topical PRP application, and RF + PRP injection. They received treatment once a month for three consecutive months, and a clinical outcome evaluation was performed at 1 and 6 months after the final treatment.ResultsThe WAS scores and global aesthetic improvement score (GAIS) demonstrated notable enhancements 1 month postfinal treatment across all three groups, with a notably greater number of participants experiencing improved outcomes in the RF + PRP group 6 months posttreatment. Specifically, at the 1‐month follow‐up, the RF + PRP group exhibited a statistically significant enhancement in skin elasticity and collagen, surpassing the improvements observed in the other two groups (p < 0.05). No significant disparities in skin elasticity and collagen were detected in all groups prior to and after 6 months of treatment. Adverse events were mild and transient, such as redness, swelling, bruising, and pain.ConclusionThis study revealed that all the treatments can effectively improve neck wrinkles 1 month after the last treatment. A better therapeutic effect could be observed in the RF + PRP group compared with the other two groups at 6 months after the last treatment.
Microfocused Ultrasound in Regenerative Aesthetics: A Narrative Review on Mechanisms of Action and Clinical Outcomes
Authors: Vachiramon Vasanop , Pavicic Tatjana , Casabona Gabriela , Green Jeremy B. , Levine Jennifer , Park Je‐Young , Spada Julieta , Muniz Mariana , Akers John , Jackson Matthew , McCarthy Alec 
Published: November 2024

ABSTRACTBackgroundMicrofocused ultrasound with visualization (MFU‐V) is widely used in aesthetic medicine for skin tightening and rejuvenation. However, its role in regenerative aesthetics and its precise mechanism of action are not fully understood.ObjectiveThis narrative review aims to contextualize and articulate the mechanism of action of MFU‐V, evaluate its role in regenerative aesthetics, and assess its effectiveness based on existing clinical, histological, and skin‐mechanical studies.MethodsA comprehensive literature search was performed to collect and analyze studies on MFU's biological mechanisms, clinical outcomes, and impact on extracellular matrix (ECM) regeneration. The review integrates findings from clinical trials, histological analyses, and biomechanical assessments to provide a cohesive understanding of MFU‐V's role in aesthetic medicine.ResultsMFU‐V emits focused ultrasound energy that penetrates multiple skin layers and the superficial musculoaponeurotic system, creating localized thermal coagulation points. These points initiate biological responses that recruit fibroblasts and stimulate the production of new collagen and elastin fibers. Enhanced ECM protein synthesis leads to significant improvements in skin biomechanics and quality, reducing skin laxity and enhancing appearance. Clinical studies support these findings, showing improvements in skin firmness and texture following MFU‐V treatment.ConclusionThrough analyzing the underlying biological mechanisms and the observable clinical outcomes, this narrative review sets the stage for a comprehensive understanding of the mechanism of action and role of MFU‐V in regenerative aesthetics.
Laser and Skin‐Care Synergy: A Post‐Laser Application of Novel Adaptogenic Moisturizing Serum for Improving Healing and Cosmesis on the Face
Authors: Blyumin‐Karasik Marianna , Colon Jessica , Nguyen Sylvie , Rosen Jordan 
Published: November 2024

ABSTRACTBackgroundLaser procedures are often used for global improvement in skin quality. The state of the skin is under stress after laser treatment, and it is beneficial to utilize topical agents to assist with optimal healing and cosmetic outcomes. Currently, such post‐laser‐cosmeceutical synergies are being investigated. Skin adaptogens are bioactive ingredients that enhance the skin's resistance and adaptation to stress.AimInvestigate the use of an adaptogenic moisturizing serum (AMS) in synergy with post‐laser treatment recovery.Patient/MethodsEight patients underwent long‐pulsed 755‐nm alexandrite or 1064‐nm picosecond laser treatments on the face, targeting photoaging and pigmentation. After the laser treatment, during their healing process, they utilized a novel AMS twice daily to assist with the post‐laser recovery. A blinded expert grader evaluated before and after facial images of each patient using a modified Griffiths photodamage photonumeric scale.ResultsThe findings revealed that the AMS was well‐tolerated with no reported adverse events, and elicited aesthetically pleasing results. There was a significant decrease in photodamage scores following the treatment (p = 0.0078) with a median reduction of 3.5. Patients had improvement in skin photodamage, pigmentation, and skin radiance in clinic and photography after a combination of laser and AMS serum treatments.ConclusionUtilizing the adaptogen moisturizing serum skin care regimen after the laser treatments likely assisted in the skin's healing process. As a result, we propose that there is a potential benefit of combining certain laser treatments and an adaptogen‐based skin care regimen for better aesthetic outcomes and skin recuperation post‐procedure.
Fungal dysbiosis following antibacterial monotherapy in canine otitis externa
Authors: Juhola J. , Brennan E. , Ferguson E. A. , Loeffler A. , Hendricks A. , Frosini S. M. , Chang Y. M. , Bond R. 
Published: November 2024

ObjectivesTo evaluate evidence of Malassezia overgrowth following successful topical antibacterial monotherapy of refractory canine bacterial otitis using semi‐quantitative cultures.Materials and MethodsTwenty‐nine dogs with bacterial otitis were treated topically with either fluoro‐quinolone [0.5% enrofloxacin (18 dogs, 19 treatment events, 25 ears) or 0.1% marbofloxacin (1 ear), with 0.1% dexamethasone] (“FQ”) SID, or 143 mg/mL piperacillin/18 mg/mL tazobactam (“PT”) BID (11 dogs, 14 treatment events, 19 ears) for 8 to 36 days (mean 20 days). At visits 1 (V1) and 2 (V2), ear swab tips were washed in PBS + Triton X‐100 and serial dilutions spread‐plated onto blood, MacConkey (37°C, 48 hours) and modified Dixon's agar (32°C, 14 days) to generate semiquantitative counts. Microbes were identified by phenotype and MALDI‐TOF.ResultsPrior to treatment, Pseudomonas aeruginosa was isolated alone or in combination with other bacteria in 14 FQ‐treated ears and 18 PT‐treated ears; the next most frequent bacteria were Streptococcus canis (8 FQ, 2 PT) and Staphylococcus pseudintermedius (8 FQ, 1 PT). The proportions of dogs' ears (excluding cross‐over treatments and contra‐lateral affected ears) from which bacteria were isolated were significantly reduced by treatment with both FQ (V1, 13/15; V2, 5/15) and PT (V1, 14/14; V2, 2/14). The proportions of dogs' ears from which yeasts (Malassezia pachydermatis, Candida spp.) were isolated were significantly increased by treatment in dogs treated with PT (V1, 1/14; V2, 14/14) but not FQ (V1, 3/15; V2, 6/15).Clinical SignificanceOtitis cases that receive potent antibacterial monotherapy must be monitored for yeast overgrowth.
Generation of genomic resources and phylogenetic contributions in Oxalis from desert fog oases in Peru
Authors: Gaspar Leonardo , Song Feng , Fu Ning , Jin Lu , Guzmán Frank , Cano Asunción , Arakaki Mónica , Ge Xue‐Jun 
Published: November 2024

AbstractSeveral species in the genus Oxalis occupy Peruvian fog oases (Lomas) with a significant habitat‐adapted and endemic diversity. Acknowledging this aspect, the genus Oxalis is a conceivable group for evolutionary and biogeographic hypothesis testing; however, molecular resources for the genus still need improvement. We conducted a genome skimming approach to assemble new plastomes from 18 accessions (six species) of Oxalis collected in Lomas locations in Peru. These complete plastomes of Oxalis species (several reported for the first time) present a highly conserved composition. Our phylogenetic results were congruent with previous section‐based backbone phylogenies of Oxalis; however, a closer look at the phylogeny of sect. Carnosae revealed nonmonophyletic arrangements involving Oxalis megalorrhiza and Oxalis bulbocastanum individuals. We also propose a set of three hypervariable plastid regions as potential molecular markers. Likewise, an array of primers for nuclear simple sequence repeat markers based on the most widely distributed species, O. megalorrhiza, were listed and evaluated for their transferability to the other species under examination. These new genomic resources represent a significant development for future population, phylogenetic, and biogeographic studies in Oxalis.
Quantifying past forest cover and biomass changes in the Ecuadorian Amazon
Authors: Witteveen Nina H. , Kleijwegt Zoë S. , Geara Hana , Kool Cathelijne , Blaus Ansis , Saenz Lina Cabrera , Gomes Bianca Tacoronte , Philip Annemarie , Bush Mark B. , McMichael Crystal N. H. 
Published: November 2024

Summary
Here, we developed and applied models to quantitatively reconstruct forest cover and biomass changes at three lakes in northwestern Amazonia over the past > 1500 yr.
We used remotely sensed data and a modern dataset of 50 Amazonian lakes to develop generalized linear models that predict aboveground biomass, using phytolith morphotypes and forest cover as predictor variables. Also, we applied a published beta regression model to predict forest cover within 200 m of each lake, using Poaceae phytoliths. Charcoal and maize phytoliths were analysed to identify past land use.
Results showed forest cover and biomass changes at our study sites ranged between 48–84% and 142–438 Mg ha−1, respectively. Human occupation was discontinuous, with major changes in forest cover and biomass coinciding with periods of land use. Forest cover and biomass decreased notably after fire (at all sites) or cultivation events (Lakes Zancudococha, Kumpaka). The timing and ecological impact of past land use were spatially and temporally variable.
Our results suggest past human impact was small‐scaled and heterogenous in northwestern Amazonia, with a significant impact of fire on forest cover and biomass changes.
New insights into a sensitive life stage: hydraulics of tree seedlings in their first growing season
Authors: Beikircher Barbara , Held Magdalena , Losso Adriano , Mayr Stefan 
Published: November 2024

Summary
The first year in a tree's life is characterized by distinct morphological changes, requiring constant adjustments of the hydraulic system. Despite their importance for the natural regeneration of forests and future vegetation composition, little has been known about the hydraulics of tree seedlings.
At different times across the first growing season, we analysed xylem area‐specific (Kshoot_Axyl) and leaf area‐specific (Kshoot_L) shoot hydraulic conductance, as well as embolism resistance of three temperate conifer trees, two angiosperm trees and one angiosperm shrub, and related findings to cell osmotic parameters and xylem anatomical traits.
Over the first 10 wk after germination, Kshoot_Axyl and Kshoot_L sharply decreased, then remained stable until the end of the growing season. Embolism resistance was remarkably low in the youngest stages but, coupled with an increase in cell wall reinforcement, significantly increased towards autumn. Contemporaneously, water potential at turgor loss and osmotic potential at saturation decreased.
Independent of lineage, species and growth form, the transition from primary to secondary xylem resulted in a less efficient but increasingly more embolism‐resistant hydraulic system, enabling stable water supply under increasing risk for low water potentials.
Is Binary Grading Better Than WHO System for Grading Epithelial Dysplasia? A Systematic Review and Meta‐Analysis
Authors: Gopinath Divya , On Cheng Yung , Veettil Sajesh Kalkandi , Tilakaratne W. M. 
Published: November 2024

ABSTRACTBackgroundThis meta‐analysis summarizes the current evidence on the intra‐ and inter‐observer agreement between WHO and the binary grading systems used to assess epithelial dysplasia (ED).MethodsA systematic search for observational studies that compared the level of agreement among pathologists between WHO and binary grading systems for ED was conducted using three databases: Medline, Scopus, and EBSCOhost. For the meta‐analysis, summary estimations of kappa value (κ) and standard error (SE) were utilized.ResultsThe pooled analysis of observations by 46 pathologists from a total of eight studies showed better interobserver agreement in the interpretation of ED for the binary system (κ = 0.31; 95% confidence interval [CI], 0.23–0.40) in comparison with the WHO (κ = 0.14; 95% CI, 0.10–0.19). The intra‐observer agreement was reported only by five studies and was also found to be higher for the binary system (κ = 0.44; 95% CI, 0.31–0.57) compared to the WHO (κ = 0.25; 95% CI, 0.11–0.39).ConclusionsOur results validate that the binary system has better overall intra‐observer and interobserver agreement than the WHO system. Further studies with larger cohorts are mandatory before clinically relevant conclusions are drawn, as evidence remains inadequate.
Incidence and Risk Factors of Infection After Fracture Fixation: A Multicenter Cohort Study
Authors: Wang Baisheng , Zhang Jingdong , Han Wenfeng , Tang Xin , Tian Feng 
Published: November 2024

ABSTRACTPurposeInfection after fracture fixation (IAFF) is a severe complication. There are few multicenter studies targeting IAFF. This paper identifies independent risk factors associated with IAFF by analyzing multicenter clinical data. Appropriate interventions should be implemented to reduce the risk of IAFF.MethodsThis is a multicenter retrospective cohort study. This study screened medical records of patients who underwent internal fixation for fractures at participating medical institutions from January 1, 2011, to December 31, 2020. Data extraction included demographic characteristics, disease features, surgical variables, and laboratory indicators. Logistic regression analysis was employed to identify the relationship between relevant risk factors and IAFF. Research data were sourced from the hospital's electronic medical record system and self‐constructed databases.ResultsIn our study, 202 patients who underwent internal fixation for fractures experienced postoperative infections, which corresponds to an overall incidence rate of approximately 1.7%. The predominant pathogen identified in these infections was Staphylococcus aureus. A multifactorial analysis indicated that several factors were independently associated with the occurrence of IAFF. These factors included BMI ranges of 24.0–27.9 and 28.0–31.9, smoking, a high ASA score, high‐energy trauma, diabetes, open fracture, seasonal timing of the surgery (summer), bone grafting, drainage duration, surgical duration ≥ 180 min, and A/G ratio < 1.2.ConclusionsWe strongly recommend that orthopedic surgeons perform comprehensive preoperative assessments on fracture patients to identify factors that may increase the risk of infection. Through the implementation of targeted interventions and beneficial modifications to these modifiable risk factors, it is possible to lower the incidence of IAFF. Additionally, proactive screening, risk stratification, and thorough patient education should be prioritized for patients with high risk but nonmodifiable factors.
Novel MRI Signs in Atlantodental Space Predict Reduction Degree of Atlantoaxial Dislocation
Authors: Sheng Xia‐Qing , Deng Yi‐Fei , Huang Cheng‐Yi , Pan Nan‐Fang , Zhao You‐Jin , Gong Qi‐Yong , Gong Quan , Song Yue‐Ming , Liu Hao , Meng Yang 
Published: November 2024

ABSTRACTObjectiveThe type of atlantodental space tissue in patients with atlantoaxial dislocation (AAD) can help doctors understand the possibility of reduction before surgery. However, relevant research on this topic is lacking. This study aimed to summarize cases of AAD, classified based on the atlantodental space using magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), and preliminarily explore its impact on the degree of reduction.MethodsPreoperative T2‐weighted MRIs and dynamic digital radiographs of patients who underwent posterior reduction and fixation surgery for congenital AAD between September 2012 and February 2023 were collected. The patients were classified into flexible and inflexible tissue sign groups based on T2‐weighted imaging. Patients with an atlantodental interval < 3 mm on extension digital radiography were considered radiographically reducible. Three radiologists read and recorded the MRI results using standard protocols. Kappa and Fleiss kappa values were used to evaluate intra‐ and inter‐observer agreements for MRI signs and dynamic digital radiography findings. Multivariate logistic regression and receiver operating characteristic curves were used to analyze the relationships between imaging parameters and the reduction degree.ResultsIn total, 118 patients with AAD were included in the analysis. Inter‐observer agreement among the three readers was higher for MRI than for dynamic digital radiography (0.816 vs. 0.668). The intra‐observer consistency for MRI signs was also better than that of dynamic digital radiography. Both the flexible tissue sign and radiographically reducible groups showed a higher rate of satisfactory reduction. However, only the flexible tissue sign showed positive results in the multivariate regression. The receiver operating characteristic curve for MRI signs as a predictor of satisfactory reduction yielded an area under the curve of 0.776 (95% confidence interval, 0.667–0.875, p < 0.0001).ConclusionsNovel MRI signs of the atlantodental space exhibited high inter‐ and intra‐observer agreement. Patients with flexible tissue signs were more likely to achieve satisfactory reduction after direct posterior surgery.
Soil profile distribution of organic, inorganic, and labile carbon and nitrogen fractions vary in semi‐arid drylands under long‐term conservation tillage systems
Authors: Badrari Hamza , Ghimire Rajan , Aryal Deb R. , Mesbah Abdel 
Published: November 2024

AbstractChanges in soil carbon (C) and nutrients considerably influence soil health and agricultural sustainability. However, how agricultural management affects C and N allocation among various soil organic matter pools and their linkages with soil health are not clear for arid and semi‐arid regions. This study aimed to evaluate the soil profile distribution of selected C and N fractions and associated soil health properties in conventional tillage (CT), no‐tillage (NT), and strip tillage (ST) fields and quantify the relationship of labile and inorganic C and N fractions to soil organic carbon (SOC) sequestration in semi‐arid dryland cropping systems. Crop rotation was a 4‐year cycle of corn (Zea mays L.)—sorghum (Sorghum bicolor L. Moench)—winter wheat (Triticum aestivum L.)—fallow across all tillage systems. Soil samples were collected from 0–20, 20–40, and 40–60 cm depths of each plot in July 2022, after 9 years of plot establishment, and analysed for potentially mineralizable carbon (PMC), microbial biomass carbon (MBC), SOC, soil inorganic (SIC), soil total carbon (STC), soil inorganic nitrogen (SIN), total labile nitrogen (TLN), total organic nitrogen (SON), and labile organic nitrogen (LON) and other soil health indicators. The results indicate that PMC was 31% more and LON was 23% more in NT than in CT, whilst ST resulted in lower pH and had only 10%, 9%, and 24% more SON, STN, and LON, respectively, than CT in 0–60 cm profile. The SIC stock was negatively correlated with MBC, PMC, SON, STN, LON, TLN, and SIN, whilst positively correlated with depth, STC, and pH. After 9 years of conservation tillage, whilst depth‐wise distribution varied among tillage systems, soil C sequestration rate was negative in the 0–60 cm profile under both NT and ST compared with CT, mainly owing to more SIC accumulation in deeper depth of conventional system. These results show the complexity of soil C and N allocation under different tillage systems, with NT and ST supporting greater C and N storage in the surface soil and CT supporting more C and N storage in the deeper depth. Soil biological activity indicators appear to drive surface SOC accumulation, whilst soil pH and N availability influenced SIC accumulation in lower depths.
Visualizing erasure: Co‐creating comics and animation from revolutionary street art to Nubian memories of displacement in Egypt
Authors: Hamdy Sherine , Moll Yasmin 
Published: November 2024

AbstractThis article discusses how Faye Ginsburg's work on Indigenous filmmaking and commitment to shared anthropology inspired us to pursue unconventional forms of visual anthropology adapted to our own ethnographic contexts in post‐revolutionary Egypt. Specifically, we discuss Hamdy's work on the collaborative graphic novel Lissa and Moll's collaborative animation short Hanina. The affordances of these illustrated genres and mediums for collaborative co‐creation with our interlocutors enabled better ways to depict that which is no longer tangibly present yet persists in memories and longings. The specific histories of each media resonated with how the communities sought to represent themselves, a powerful example of what Ginsburg calls “aesthetic accountability.” We also reflect on how comics and animation, through greater anonymity, can help us attain safety as a production value under authoritarianism.
Evaluation of three acetabular measurement methods for total hip replacement in dogs
Authors: Wilson Jordan N. , Filliquist Barbro , Garcia Tanya C. , Marcellin‐Little Denis J. 
Published: November 2024

AbstractObjectiveTo compare three measurement methods for acetabular sizing and evaluate the influence of osteoarthritis (OA) on the accuracy of measurements.Study designObservational study.SampleRadiographic images of 73 hip joints from 60 dogs with cementless cups.MethodsRadiographs were anonymized and measured independently by three observers. One observer measured 12 sets of radiographs three times. A best‐fit acetabular circle (AC) and cranial‐caudal acetabular line (AL) were measured on ventral‐dorsal (VD) radiographic view and open leg lateral (OLL) view. A best‐fit femoral head circle (FHC) was measured on VD, OLL, and craniocaudal horizontal beam (CCHB) views. Two observers scored the OA in each hip joint. Intra‐ and interobserver consistency and repeatability and bias relative to implanted cup size were calculated and analyzed.ResultsIntraobserver consistency and repeatability were excellent for all measurements. Interobserver consistency was excellent (ICC > 0.9) for ACVD and ACOLL and was good (0.75 < ICC ≤ 0.9) for all other methods. Bias was small for AC and AL measurements (range, −0.46 to 0.45 mm) and large for FHC measurements (−3.58 to −2.42 mm). OA score significantly influenced bias for all acetabular measurement methods (p < 0.05).ConclusionAll acetabular measurement methods were highly consistent within an observer. Interobserver consistency was highest for ACVD and ACOLL. FHC measurements underestimated cup size. Higher OA scores decreased the accuracy of all acetabular measurement methods.Clinical significanceSuperimposing a circle on the acetabulum seen on VD radiographic view accurately measures the acetabulum before cementless cup placement.