bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Brain Ageing, Cognition and Diet: A Review of the Emerging Roles of Food-Based Nootropics in Mitigating Age-related Memory Decline
Authors: Onaolapo Adejoke Yetunde , Obelawo Adebimpe Yemisi , Onaolapo Olakunle James 
Published: March 2019

Background:Age-related cognitive decline has been suggested to result from an increase in the brain neuron loss, which is attributable to continued derangement of the brain’s oxidant/ antioxidant balance. Increased oxidative stress and a concomitant decrease in the brain’s antioxidant defense system have been associated with functional senescence and organismal ageing. However, nature has configured certain foods to be rich sources of nootropic agents, with research showing that increased consumption of such foods or food ingredients may be protective against ageing-related memory decline. This knowledge is becoming increasingly valuable in an era when the boundary that separates food from medicine is becoming blurred. In this review, we examine extant literature dealing with the impact of ageing on brain structure and function, with an emphasis on the roles of oxidative stress. Secondly, we review the benefits of food-based antioxidants with nootropic effects and/or food-based nootropic agents in mitigating memory decline; with a view to improving our understanding of likely mechanisms. We also highlight some of the limitations to the use of food-based nootropics and suggest ways in which they can be better employed in the clinical management of age-related cognitive decline.Conclusion:While it is known that the human brain endures diverse insults in the process of ageing, food-based nootropics are likely to go a long way in mitigating the impacts of these insults. Further research is needed before we reach a point where food-based nootropics are routinely prescribed.
Large-Scale Self-Assembly in Weakly-Flocculated Suspensions
Authors: Dakskobler Aleš , Valant Matjaz 
Published: March 2019

Background:
Studies on the formation of colloidal crystals in concentrated suspensions
have mainly been based on dispersed suspensions with a repulsive inter-particle potential of hard or
nearly hard spheres. The self-assembly in weakly-flocculated suspensions has still been unrealized.
Here, we report on the formation of ordered structures in concentrated suspensions of nearly-hard
spherical particles with weakly-attractive inter-particle interactions that are an order of magnitude
higher than the particles’ thermal energy.

Methods:
In our case, the self-assembly in such suspensions is not thermodynamically driven, but an
external shear force must be applied. The driving force for the particles’ ordering is an increase in the
inter-particle interactions. This manifests itself in a decrease in the average angle between the interparticle
interaction direction and the applied shear stress direction.

Results:
For a successful ordering into a large-scale closed packed assembly, the external shear force
must not exceed the inter-particle attractive interaction for the minimum possible average angle (as in
the closed packed structures) but be high enough to enable the particles to move in the highly loaded
suspension.

Conclusion:
The developed method for the self-assembly of the weakly flocculated systems can be
applied very generally e.g. a control over a composition of heterogeneous colloidal crystals, manufacturing
of the large-scale photonic crystals or preparation of very densely packed compacts of particles
needed for the production of sintered ceramics.
OPTIMIZATION IN QUALITY OF SERVICE FOR LTE NETWORK USING BANDWIDTH EXPANSION
Authors: Sirait Fadli , Dani Akhmad Wahyu , Yuliza Yuliza , Albab Ulil 
Published: March 2019

QoS (Quality of Service) of LTE networks can bring the providers to provide broadband services with high performance to end user. Furthermore, the expected data rate transfer is up to 300 Mbit/s per user while the range of bandwidth varies from 1.4 MHz to 20 MHz. The network worked in 1800 MHz bands, 64 QAM modulation technique and used 10 MHz and 15 MHz channel bandwidth. There is a congestion problem for LTE network with 10 MHz channel bandwidth due to high utilization. The paper tries to analyze the QoS parameters, named Key Performance Indicators (KPI) for LTE Networks to solve the problem using bandwidth expansion. The KPIs parameter that is measured by drive test is accessibility, retainability, PRB downlink utilization, and user number. Based on the KPIs measurements results, it is showed that the proposed method to expand the bandwidth from 10 MHz to 15 MHz can avoid congestion problem and impact on improving the performance of LTE network.
I Simposio sobre cambio climático y Biodiversidad: hacia el fortalecimiento de la resiliencia y acciones requeridas ante el cambio climático en Latinoamérica
Authors: Samper-Villareal Jimena , Vincent Andrea , Alvarez Carolina , Gutiérrez-Espeleta Gustavo A. 
Published: March 2019

El cambio climático es un fenómeno global con consecuencias irreversibles si no se toman las acciones pertinentes. En Latinoamérica, el cambio climático no recibe la atención merecida en la agenda política, académica ni ciudadana, consecuentemente, la información en español e investigaciones acerca de esta temática son limitadas. El I Simposio sobre cambio climático y Biodiversidad, realizado en agosto del año 2017, en Costa Rica, frente a una audiencia multidisciplinaria e interinstitucional, buscó generar interés y discusión sobre posibles soluciones ante el cambio climático en esta región. El simposio se organizó según cuatro ejes temáticos: 1) Impactos sobre ecosistemas, 2) Mitigación, 3) Adaptación, y 4) Comunicación y enseñanza del cambio climático. En esta publicación, desarrollamos una síntesis crítica de los diversos temas tratados en dicho simposio, algunos de los cuales se desarrollan en mayor profundidad en este número especial de UNED Research Journal. No cabe duda de que el cambio climático es real y tiene su origen en las actividades humanas, lo que implica que debemos cambiar nuestras acciones individuales y decisiones políticas para reducir la emisión e incrementar la mitigación de gases de efecto invernadero, así como para adaptarnos a la nueva realidad que este fenómeno implica.
¿Serán vulnerables los bosques tropicales secos a los cambios climáticos, y cuáles serán sus efectos sociales?
Authors: Powers Jennifer S. 
Published: March 2019

Los bosques tropicales secos proporcionan a las sociedades muchos servicios ecosistémicos valiosos. Estos bosques se caracterizan por alternar estaciones lluviosas y secas. Es probable que los cambios en los regímenes de lluvia tengan un impacto negativo en la dinámica interna de los bosques secos. A mayor plazo, el cambio climático puede cambiar las fronteras geográficas de estos bosques. La sociedad debería establecer desde ahora políticas y prácticas de gestión –como la reforestación con árboles tolerantes a la sequía– para adaptarse a estos cambios.
Kajian strategi operasi industri kecil pakan ikan berbasis produk sampingan agribisnis (Kasus Cv. Babelan Agro sejahtera bekasi)
Authors: Rahmanto Ikhwan 
Published: March 2019

CV Babelan Agro Sejahtera (CV. BAS) Bekasi adalah salah satu dari sedikit industri kecil pakan ikan. Perusahaan ini masih bertahan di tengah dominasi perusahaan besar dalam persaingan pasar pakan ikan. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah merumuskan strategi operasi industri kecil pakan ikan dalam rangka meningkatkan daya saingnya. Data penelitian ini dikumpulkan dengan pengamatan ke perusahaan, menelaah data sekunder, wawancara mendalam dengan pengelolanya, dan penyampaian kuisioner AHP kepada pengelola perusahaan dan ahli agribisnis atau agroindustri. Evaluasi komposisi dan biaya bahan baku dengan metode simpleks menunjukkan bahwa sebelum minimasi biaya bahan baku pakan ikan sebesar Rp. 2964,00/kg dan setelah minimasi sebesar Rp. 2770,00/kg. Ini artinya CV. BAS dapat mengurangi biaya bahan baku, sehingga strategi mempertahankan harga murah dapat dilanjutkan. Berdasar Matriks Internal-Eksternal, CV. BAS berada pada sel IV (tumbuh dan membangun), berarti perusahaan perlu melakukan strategi integrasi ke belakang, integrasi ke depan, atau integrasi horizontal, penetrasi pasar, pengembangan pasar, dan pengembangan produk. Analisis SWOT menghasilkan 3 alternatif strategi, yaitu mempertahankan harga, peningkatan kapasitas produksi, dan pengembangan SCM. Selanjutnya analisis AHP menyusun prioritas strategi, yaitu : (1) pengembangan SCM, (2) peningkatan kapasistas produksi, dan (3) mempertahankan harga, dimana penerapannya harus memperhatikan 4 kriteria dengan prioritas (1) Kualitas (2) Biaya (3) Fleksibilitas, dan (4) Pengiriman.Kata kunci : Analisis Hirarki Proses, Analisis SWOT, Metode Simpleks, Strategi Operasi
PENGARUH IKLIM ORGANISASI DAN PENGEMBANGAN KARIR TERHADAP KOMITMEN ORGANISASI DAN KEPUASAN KERJA
Authors: Darmawan Imam 
Published: March 2019

Sumber daya manusia (SDM) Media penyiaran telah memiliki kemampuan untuk menjadi mitra kerja yang dapat diandalkan, baik di pusat atau pun di daerah yang berupaya agar dapat meningkatkan kinerja karyawan dengan harapan apa yang menjadi tujuan media penyiaran akan tercapai. Adapun strategi yang ditempuh media penyiaran untuk meningkatkan kinerja karyawannya yaitu dengan memperhatikan kepuasan kerja dan komitmen organisasi sehingga dapat mendorong munculnya kreatifitas baru yang dapat memajukan lembaga ini. Agar hal ini dapat tercapai maka media penyiaran harus selalu memperhatikan iklim kerja dimana para karyawan melaksanakan tugasnya, serta memantau pengembangan karir setiap karyawannya.Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui dan menganalisis pengaruh iklim organisasi terhadap komitmen organisasional dengan kepuasan kerja sebagai variabel intervening pada media penyiaran di Jl. Putri Hijau. Jenis penelitian ini adalah quantitative deskriptif. Populasi pada penelitian ini adalah seluruh karyawan pada media penyiaran berjumlah 211 orang dan teknik pengambilan sampel adalah dengan stratified random sampling berjumlah 139 karyawan. Dalam penelitian ini digunakan metode explanatory dan dalam pengumpulan data digunakan metode observasi, kuesioner, interview dan studi pustaka. Metode analisis data menggunakan metode deskriptif dan analisis stuktural equation modeling (SEM). Hasil penelitian menunjukan bahwa variabel pengembangan karir tidak berpengaruh signifikan terhadap kepuasan kerja pada media penyiaran.Variabel kepuasan kerja berpengaruh positif dan signifikan terhadap komitmen organisasional pada media penyiaran.Variabel Iklim organisasi berpengaruh negative dan tidak signifikan terhadap kepuasan kerja pada media penyiaran.Variabel kepuasan kerjaterhadap komitmen organisasi berpengaruh positive dan signifikan pada media penyiaran.Variabele iklim organisasi terhadap komitmen orga nisasi tidak berpengaruh dan tidak signifikani Pada Media Penyiaran.Variabel pengembangan karir terhadap komitmen organisasi tidak berpengaruh signifikanpada media penyiaran.
Palm Oil γ-tocotrienol and α-tocopherol Act as Potent Inducers in the Immune Response of Mouse splenocytes in vitro
Authors: Abdul Kadir Khalid , Hamid Hasan Narimah Abdul , Wan Ngah Wan Zurinah 
Published: March 2019

Vitamin E may have anti carcinogenesis effect in human and animal models via the mechanism of cell cycle arrest and enhancement of immune system. The cell-mediated immune inducing properties of palm oil vitamin E, for example, γ-tocotrienol and α-tocopherol, were investigated by measuring the mitogenesis response of splenocytes, extracted from normal male Mus musculus to splenic T-lymphocytes mitogens, phytohemagglutinin (PHA; 0.25 µg/mL) and concanavalin A (Con A; 1.0 µg/mL); and B-lymphocytes mitogen i.e., lipopolysaccharide (LPS; 1.0 µg/mL). Both γ-tocotrienol and α-tocopherol enhanced the cell proliferation of mitogen untreated splenocytes as determined by 5-Bromo-2'-deoxy-uridine (BrdU) detection method. Both compounds also enhanced the T-lymphocytes response to PHA and Con A, as well as B-lymphocytes responses to LPS at all concentration used (0-300 µM). γ-Tocotrienol was observed to affect cell proliferation more than α-tocopherol. The uptake of γ-tocotrienol and α-tocopherol into the splenocytes was determined by high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). γ-Tocotrienol was absorbed into the cells at markedly higher levels than α-tocopherol with the ratio of 4.8 : 1 (p<0.01, n=4) at 300 µM of treatment. This may be the reason of the higher proliferation affect of γ-tocotrienol as compared to α-tocopherol. In conclusion, we are of the opinion that palm oil γ-tocotrienol and α-tocopherol are able to synergistically influence splenocytes proliferation thus enhancing the cellmediated immune system.
Influence of Fresh and Thermoxidized Carotino Oil on Cyclic Guanosine Monophosphate (cGMP) in Erythrocytes from Sprague Dawley Rats
Authors: Raja Yahya Mohd Fakharul Zaman , Shahidan Athifah Najwani 
Published: March 2019

Cyclic guanosine monophosphate (cGMP) is a second messenger molecule involved in the intracellular signalling mechanism which is important in a wide range of cellular process including metabolism, gene expression, cell proliferation and cell death. This study was conducted to determine the effect of fresh (FCO) and thermoxidized carotino oil (TCO) on erythrocyte cGMP levels from Sprague dawley rats. A total of 30 Sprague dawley rats were randomly segregated into three groups: the first of which was placed on a Fresh Carotino Oil (FCO) diet, the second on a Thermoxidized Carotino Oil (TCO) diet and the control group on commercial rat chow only for a period of 6 and 9 weeks. The two oil diets comprised of 20% (w:w) of each oil mixed with commercial rat feed. The enzyme immunoassays, performed in week 6, revealed that the erythrocytes cGMP levels for the FCO and TCO groups were 66.198±3.193 pmol/mL and 61.990±6.318 pmol/mL respectively, and were significantly (p<0.05) lower than the value for the control group, 77.978±10.479 pmol/mL. The assays performed in week 9 revealed the erythrocytes cGMP levels for the FCO and TCO groups to be 66.522±8.194 pmol/mL and 56.842±8.546 pmol/mL respectively which were also significantly (p<0.05) lower than that for the control group, 82.817±6.677 pmol/mL. The results indicate that the presence of antioxidants, such as beta-carotene andtocols in carotino oil may modulate cGMP levels in rats.
La socialización del conocimiento y de los saberes en la extensión universitaria
Authors: Pérez de Maza Teresita 
Published: March 2019

En el trabajo se discute la socialización del conocimiento y de los saberes que se generan en la extensión universitaria, desde seis presupuestos básicos. Se parte de la asociación entre la extensión y la ecología de saberes para esbozar, luego, algunos planteamientos acerca del conocimiento que se deriva de programas y de proyectos extensionistas. Asimismo, se plantea la importancia de la sistematización de la praxis como parte fundamental en los procesos de socialización del conocimiento y de los saberes que se producen antes, durante y después del desarrollo de las prácticas. Por último, se cierra con algunas limitaciones y tareas endientes en la agenda de transformación de la universidad para la socialización del conocimiento en esta área.
Desafíos de gestión en un con-texto de cambios: entre lo proyectado y lo posible
Authors: Martín María Belén 
Published: March 2019

En el artículo la autora aborda los desafíos de la gestión del proyecto de extensión universitaria «Organización territorial», llevado a cabo por el equipo extensionista Jóvenes en Interacción (JEI) que, desde 2009, desarrolla sus actividades en el barrio San Carlos de La Plata (Buenos Aires, Argentina). Ante el cambio de gestión del gobierno nacional, cuya impronta es el recorte y la reducción de la figura del Estado, el equipo enfrenta el desafío de repensar las propuestas de intervención territorial que, en el caso del mencionado proyecto, se articulaban con el Plan de Finalización de Estudios (Fines).
HLA DRB1 and HLA DQB1 Alleles in Bulgarian Patients with Primary and Secondary Antiphospholipid Syndrome
Authors: Baleva M. , Nikolova-Vlahova M. , Lukanov Tsv. , Ivanova-Shivarova M. , Karagjozova Zh. , Martinova F. , Naumova E. 
Published: March 2019

Abstract
Antiphospholipid syndrome (APS) is an autoimmune disease with multifactorial and polygenic pathogenesis. Recently, the genetic predisposition in APS has been subjected to wide discussion. The aim of this study is to determine the prevalence of DRB1 and DQB1 loci in Bulgarian population of healthy persons and patients with primary (PAPS) and secondary (SAPS) APS. Patients are divided in 5 groups: I-29 patents with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) with SAPS, II-35 patients with PAPS, III-32 women with spontaneous abortions without aPL, IV-15 patients with different thrombosis (deep venous thromboses, pulmonary embolism, mesenterial thrombosis, myocardial infarction, stroke) without laboratory data for APS, and V-16 SLE patients without clinical and laboratory data for APS. SAPS patients have more frequently DRB1*03 and DQB1*02 and more rarely DRB1*11 and DQB1*03 in comparison with healthy subjects and patients with PAPS. Patents with PAPS, those with spontaneous abortions and patients with thrombotic events but without antiphospholipid antibodies (aPL) have DRB1*03, DRB1*11, DQB1*02 and DQB1*03 alleles similar to the general population. There are no differences between group I (SLE+APS) and group V (SLE) in DRB1* and DQB1*alleles.
Assessment of Chaenomeles Maulei Fruit Juice Effects in Tests for Depression and Anxiety
Authors: Borisova V. , Eftimov M. , Valcheva-Kuzmanova S. 
Published: March 2019

Abstract
Depression and anxiety are prevalent chronic psychiatric disorders affecting many people worldwide. Over the past decades, much attention has been drawn to herbal psychopharmacology, offering fewer adverse reactions. The main bioactive compounds in Chaenomeles maulei fruits are polyphenols known for their behavioral effects. The objective of the present study was to assess Chaenomeles maulei fruit juice (CMFJ) effects in tests for anxiety and depression. The animals used were 32 male healthy Wistar rats treated orally with CMFJ for 16 days. They were divided in four groups of 8 animals. The control group received distilled water and the rest of the groups were treated with CMFJ at 2.5, 5 and 10 ml/kg doses. We assessed the social interaction time as a measure of anxiety and the immobility time in the forced swim test as a measure of behavioral despair. In the social interaction test, the 14 days administration of CMFJ did not produce any significant changes in the time spent in social interaction. After 16 days of administration all doses of CMFJ significantly decreased the immobility time of the rats (p < 0.05) in comparison to the control group. These results allow making the conclusion that CMFJ lacked anxiolytic activity, but showed an antidepressant-like effect.
Ruralization of the (Urbane) Concept of Sensus Communis in a 19th-century Hungarian Philosophical Controversy
Authors: Mester Béla 
Published: March 2019

Abstract
The topic of the present article is the destruction of the common sense tradition linked to the urbanity of philosophy, which had deep roots both in the European and Hungarian traditions. This destruction was based on Hegelian ideas by János Erdélyi as an argument of the greatest philosophical controversy of the Hungarian philosophical life in the 1850s. In Erdélyi’s argumentation, the turn from the supposed urbanity to the supposed rurality of the common sense has a fundamental role. The idea of the rurality of the common sense has an influence on the Hungarian intellectual history of the next centuries, as well.
Stability evaluation of oilseed rape hybrids in unreplicated trials carried out in different locations
Authors: Zawieja Bogna , Lewandowska Sylwia , Mikulski Tomasz , Pilarczyk Wiesław 
Published: March 2019

Summary
An analysis is made of results from early stages of testing of promising hybrids. The data consist of single-replicate trials performed by Norddeutsche Pflanzenzucht in 6 locations (5 in Poland and one in Germany). In total 165 hybrids were tested with 3 standard varieties. The subject of the analysis was the seed yield. Three measures of stability were used. The yield of tested hybrids is expressed as percentage of that of standard varieties. Wricke’s ecovalence expressed as a contribution to G x E interaction was used as a measure of stability. Additional characterization of the tested hybrids was performed by regressing hybrid yield on the mean yields of the experiment, as described by Finlay and Wilkinson and by Eberhart and Russel. The methods applied enabled selection of the most promising hybrids for further yield testing.
Uncoupling Inter-Municipal Cooperation Capacity: Lithuanian Municipalities’ Efforts To Sustain Services Provision
Authors: Bučaitė-Vilkė Jurga , Civinskas Remigijus , Lazauskienė Aistė 
Published: March 2019

Abstract
Despite the absence of the long-term tradition of inter-municipal cooperation in Lithuania, the country represents a compelling case of cooperative solutions which are mostly focused on public services delivery design imposed by the central government. The article provides theoretical and empirical insights on the inter-municipal cooperative capacities and their scope in the case of Lithuania, with reference to the size of the municipality. The results reveal that the large size municipalities are more likely to benefit from collaborative arrangements in comparison to small size municipalities which have less institutional ability for collaboration. In this respect, the external influences imposed by the central authorities’ agenda on implementing economy of scale principles and strong municipal service delivery regulations is extremely important for understanding the municipal efforts for collaboration.
Disputes Over the Pipelines Importing Russian Gas to the EU: How to Ensure Consistency in EU Energy Law and Policy?
Authors: Szydło Marek 
Published: March 2019

Abstract
Europe is divided on how to construct and exploit pipelines importing Russian gas to the EU. The division evinces two opposing models, which I label (1) the Overcapacity and Exemption-Based Model and (2) the Optimal Capacity and Regulatory-Based Model. As those labels suggest, these models are premised on different assumptions as to the number and capacity of such pipelines that the EU requires, and as to how far those pipelines should be subject to EU energy law. The struggle between these models is not merely a legal one. More fundamentally, it is an economic and geopolitical one involving a wide range of stakeholders: public and private. This article evaluates the two models. By describing the legal disputes concerning OPAL and Nord Stream 2 and analysing their wider legal, economic and geopolitical implications, it argues that the second model (Optimal Capacity and Regulatory-Based) is clearly superior in today’s context. It is fully aligned with the objectives and provisions of EU energy law. In particular, it is consistent with that law’s aim of diversifying the external suppliers, sources and routes of gas supplies available to the EU. This article concludes that this latter model must win in the OPAL and Nord Stream 2 disputes, and, moreover, that it must be implemented with respect to all eastern import pipelines and connected pipelines before any further pro-competitive or pro-integrative reforms to the EU’s energy law and policy.