bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Clinical features and therapeutic options in non‐small cell lung cancer patients with concomitant mutations of EGFR, ALK, ROS1, KRAS or BRAF
Authors: Zhuang Xibin , Zhao Chao , Li Jiayu , Su Chunxia , Chen Xiaoxia , Ren Shengxiang , Li Xuefei , Zhou Caicun 
Published: April 2019

AbstractBackgroundAlthough oncogenic driver mutations were thought to be mutually exclusive in non‐small cell lung cancer (NSCLC), certain tumors harbor co‐occurring mutations and represent a rare molecular subtype. The evaluation of the clinical features and therapeutic response associated with this NSCLC subtype will be vital for understanding the heterogeneity of treatment response and improving the management of these patients.MethodsThis retrospective study included 3774 samples from patients diagnosed with NSCLC. All samples were screened for EGFR, ALK, ROS1, KRAS, and BRAF mutation using the amplification‐refractory mutation system. The relationship between concomitant driver mutations and clinicopathologic characteristics, and patient clinical outcomes were evaluated.ResultsSixty‐three (1.7%) samples had more than one driver gene mutation. Among these, 43 were coalterations with an EGFR mutation, 20 with an ALK rearrangement, and eight with an ROS1 rearrangement. Except for ROS1 concomitant mutations that were more frequent in male patients (87.5%, P = 0.020), the clinicopathological features of the concomitant mutation patients were not significantly different from those harboring a single EGFR, ALK, or ROS1 mutation. Furthermore, first‐line EGFR‐TKI treatment did not significantly improve the progression‐free survival (PFS) of patients harboring EGFR concomitant mutation, compared to patients harboring a single EGFR mutation. However, for EGFR concomitant mutation patients, TKI therapy was more effective than chemotherapy (median PFS of 10.8 vs 5.2 months, P = 0.023). Lastly, KRAS mutations did not influence the EGFR‐TKI therapy treatment effect.ConclusionIn this study, concomitant mutations were found in 1.7% of the NSCLC. EGFR‐TKI therapy was more effective than chemotherapy for patients harboring EGFR concomitant mutation, and ROS1 concomitant mutations were more frequent in male patients. For patients harboring coalterations with an ALK or ROS1 rearrangement, we should be cautious when considering the therapeutic options.
Solid Dissolution and Liquid Mixing in Turbulent Stirred Tanks
Authors: Montante Giuseppina , Carletti Claudio , Maluta Francesco , Paglianti Alessandro 
Published: April 2019

AbstractThe dissolution of salt particles in turbulent stirred vessels is investigated. A novel method for achieving the simultaneous identification of the liquid mixing time and the dissolution time of salt particles from the conductivity data collected by electrical resistance tomography is presented. The characteristic time of the liquid mixing during the dissolution is found to be either uninfluential or significant on the dissolution itself, depending on the salt particle diameter and the vessel size. The adoption of a combination of literature correlations, which are proved to adequately estimate the two times, is suggested as a simple tool for identifying the minimum particle size for optimizing the dissolution operation.
Worauf es beim Explosionsschutz ankommt
Authors: Häseli Markus 
Published: April 2019

AbstractIn der Chemieindustrie gehört die Arbeit mit explosionsfähigen Stäuben und Gasen zum Alltag. Entsprechend wichtig ist es, die laut dem Verband der Chemischen Industrie (VCI) mehr als 462.000 Beschäftigten allein im deutschsprachigen Raum zu schützen. Erdungssysteme und konstruktive Explosionsschutzlösungen bieten dafür effektive Lösungen, sofern die durchgehende Funktionalität der Komponenten im Zusammenspiel gewährleistet wird. Die Safety‐Experten IEP Technologies erläutern fünf Kriterien, die bei der Konzeptionierung, Implementierung und Instandhaltung leistungsfähiger Systemlösungen in der Chemiebranche beachtet werden müssen.
What interpersonal problems are related to different therapeutic techniques early in treatment?
Authors: McMillen Kate , Hilsenroth Mark J. 
Published: April 2019

The current study seeks to explore the relationship between patient‐reported interpersonal problems and therapist interventions in early psychodynamic psychotherapy for 71 outpatients. Pretreatment ratings on the Inventory of Interpersonal Problems Circumplex Scales (IIP‐C) total and subscale scores were examined in relation to early treatment process. Independent clinicians reliably rated therapist use of psychodynamic–interpersonal (PI) and cognitive–behavioural (CB) interventions using the Comparative Psychotherapy Process Scale (CPPS) over two early treatment sessions (third and ninth). Intraclass correlation (ICC) values were in the excellent range for CPPS‐PI and CPPS‐CB scale scores (CPPS‐PI = 0.86; CPPS‐CB = 0.78). A significant positive correlation was found between interpersonal problems and global PI therapist technique. A significant positive correlation was also found between interpersonal problems and specific PI interventions, most significantly experience and expression of feelings in session. In specific interpersonal problem subscales, most significant was that Cold/Distant and Socially Inhibited octants positively related to global PI and to specific PI techniques, including exploration of uncomfortable feelings. Multiple regression analyses revealed most significantly that CPPS Intervention 7 (discussion of patient‐therapist relationship; positive) and CPPS Intervention 11 (therapist explanation of rationale behind treatment; negative) explained 15.6% of variance in interpersonal problem score. These findings demonstrate that the use of psychodynamic techniques tend to occur alongside patient‐reported interpersonal problems early in psychotherapy treatment. Clinical implications are discussed for this area of research, and future directions are explored.
Kinetics of Mimivirus Infection Stages Quantified Using Image Flow Cytometry
Authors: Yaakov Liran Ben , Mutsafi Yael , Porat Ziv , Dadosh Tali , Minsky Abraham 
Published: April 2019

AbstractDue to the heterogeneity of viruses and their hosts, a comprehensive view of viral infection is best achieved by analyzing large populations of infected cells. However, information regarding variation in infected cell populations is lost in bulk measurements. Motivated by an interest in the temporal progression of events in virally infected cells, we used image flow cytometry (IFC) to monitor changes in Acanthamoeba polyphaga cells infected with Mimivirus. This first use of IFC to study viral infection required the development of methods to preserve morphological features of adherent amoeba cells prior to detachment and analysis in suspension. It also required the identification of IFC parameters that best report on key events in the Mimivirus infection cycle. The optimized IFC protocol enabled the simultaneous monitoring of diverse processes including generation of viral factories, transport, and fusion of replication centers within the cell, accumulation of viral progeny, and changes in cell morphology for tens of thousands of cells. After obtaining the time windows for these processes, we used IFC to evaluate the effects of perturbations such as oxidative stress and cytoskeletal disruptors on viral infection. Accurate dose‐response curves could be generated, and we found that mild oxidative stress delayed multiple stages of virus production, but eventually infection processes occurred with approximately the same amplitudes. We also found that functional actin cytoskeleton is required for fusion of viral replication centers and later for the production of viral progeny. Through this report, we demonstrate that IFC offers a quantitative, high‐throughput, and highly robust approach to study viral infection cycles and virus–host interactions. © The Authors. Cytometry Part A published by Wiley Periodicals, Inc. on behalf of International Society for Advancement of Cytometry.
Applying the Paris system for reporting urine cytology to challenging cytology cases
Authors: Glass Ryan , Rosca Oana , Raab Stephen , Szabelska Jolanta , Chau Karen , Sheikh‐Fayyaz Silvat , Cocker Rubina 
Published: April 2019

BackgroundImplementing the Paris system for reporting urine cytology (TPS) can substantiate atypical diagnosis while improving standardization and risk stratification. This study evaluates its performance and reproducibility in challenging cases and examines whether focused education of morphological features can improve outcomes.MethodsIn our prior study, urine cytology cases diagnosed as “atypical” with surgical follow‐up were used. Cases showing poor agreement in that study were collected for this one. Representative photographs of each case were taken and distributed via online questionnaires. Participants were asked to render an initial diagnosis and evaluate the presence of several morphological features. Educational material was distributed, followed by additional questionnaires.ResultsThree participants evaluated 40 cases before and after educational materials. TPS diagnoses were significantly more specific (0.23 vs 0.59, P = 0.004) and more accurate (0.43 vs 0.66, P = 0.0125) than diagnoses made with our institutional system. Fewer overall cases were diagnosed as “atypical” with TPS. TPS education resulted in slightly, though not significantly, more specific diagnoses (0.25 vs 0.59, P = 0.083). Interobserver agreement decreased for nuclear‐to‐cytoplasmic (N/C) ratio, TPS diagnoses and initial diagnoses, and increased for all other features. TPS resulted in downgrading of cases with biopsy‐proven low grade urothelial neoplasm (LGUN) from “atypical” to negative for high grade urothelial carcinoma (NHGUC) (P = 0.018).ConclusionsUse of TPS in challenging urine cytology cases can improve specificity, risk stratification, and diagnostic accuracy while decreasing the number of “atypical” diagnoses. Though training can help cytopathologists better apply these criteria, it is unclear how to effectively improve evaluation of N/C ratio.
A review of the U.S. invasive species policy mix: Questioning the prospect of an integrated regime
Authors: Herrick Charles N. 
Published: April 2019

AbstractBy some accounts, invasive species pose the second greatest threat to global biodiversity after habitat destruction. In addition to their ecological impacts, invasive species cause a wide range of economic and social damages. In recent years, scholars and policy officials have called for recalibration of U.S. invasive species policy, with some advocating a tightly integrated policy regime addressing a broad spectrum of activity, including predictive assessment of invasion pathways, prevention of introduction and spread, control of established populations, eradication of selected populations, and establishment of high‐level coordination bodies. In this paper, I draw upon the policy integration literature and apply a regime construct to review the proposition that the existing mix of U.S. invasive species policies can and should be more tightly integrated. By way of conclusion, I suggest that the current policy mix is not exhausted and recommend a program evaluation process framed to characterize and assess factors and conditions that might influence the comparative effectiveness of strategic alternatives to integration, such as coping and taming.
Intermittent perilesional edema and contrast enhancement in epilepsy with calcified neurocysticercosis may help to identify the seizure focus
Authors: Jama‐António Job Monteiro C. , Yasuda Clarissa L. , Cendes Fernando 
Published: April 2019

AbstractNeurocysticercosis is a frequent cause of seizures in endemic countries. It is caused by the larvae of the tapeworm Taenia solium. The larvae once hosted in the cerebral parenchyma evolve into viable cysts, called the vesicular stage (with little or no inflammatory reaction), and may remain at this stage for years, or may enter in an inflammatory‐degenerative process (colloidal phase) that ends with calcified nodules. Edema and MRI contrast enhancement associated with these calcifications have been described, suggesting that it may be associated with seizures. However, most of these reports were either cross‐sectional case‐control series or case reports with a single time point MRI. Therefore, the clinical significance of recurring perilesional edema and contrast enhancement around calcified lesions is still uncertain. Here, we describe repeated MRIs of a patient with calcified neurocysticercosis over 4 years. The seizures were associated with edema and contrast enhancement that disappeared in the seizure‐free periods, occurring only around one calcified nodule that coincided with the EEG findings and seizure semiology, although he had three additional calcifications. These findings support the association between pericalcification contrast enhancement and edema with recent seizures. This MRI finding may be a marker to define the epileptogenic focus in epilepsies with calcified neurocysticercosis.
Tidal inlets in the Anthropocene: Geomorphology and benthic habitats of the Chioggia inlet, Venice Lagoon (Italy)
Authors: Fogarin Stefano , Madricardo Fantina , Zaggia Luca , Sigovini Marco , Montereale‐Gavazzi Giacomo , Kruss Aleksandra , Lorenzetti Giuliano , Manfé Giorgia , Petrizzo Antonio , Molinaroli Emanuela , Trincardi Fabio 
Published: April 2019

AbstractAdopting a multidisciplinary approach, we mapped with unprecedented detail the seafloor morphology, sediment distribution and benthic habitats of a tidal inlet in the Venice Lagoon, Italy, which has been greatly impacted by human activity. Thanks to very high‐resolution multibeam data, we identified ebb and flood‐tidal deltas, a tidal point bar, active dune fields, pools and scour holes.The seafloor substrate of the inlet was investigated by integrating automatically classified multibeam backscatter data with sediment samples and underwater seafloor images. The sediment composition comprises four textural classes with 75% overall thematic accuracy. The particle size distribution of each morphological feature was assessed distinguishing, in particular, sediments over crests and troughs of small‐dune fields with wavelengths and heights of less than 4 m and 0.2 m, respectively.Adopting state‐of‐the‐art benthic habitat mapping procedures, we found seven distinctive benthic habitats that reflect spatial variability in hydrodynamics and sediment transport pathways. The dominant classes were Sand with sparse shell detritus (46%) and Bare sand (32%). The rip‐rap revetment used for the inlet jetties and for the hard structures, built in the inlet channel to protect Venice from flooding, created a new habitat that covers 5.5% of the study area. This study shows how combining geomorphological and ecological analyses is crucial for the monitoring and management of tidal inlets and coastal infrastructures. © 2019 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Potential for Beneficial Reuse of Oil and Gas–Derived Produced Water in Agriculture: Physiological and Morphological Responses in Spring Wheat (Triticum aestivum)
Authors: Sedlacko Erin M. , Jahn Courtney E. , Heuberger Adam L. , Sindt Nathan M. , Miller Hannah M. , Borch Thomas , Blaine Andrea C. , Cath Tzahi Y. , Higgins Christopher P. 
Published: April 2019

Abstract
Produced water (PW) from oil and gas operations is considered a potential resource for food crop irrigation because of increasing water scarcity in dryland agriculture. However, efforts to employ PW for agriculture have been met with limited success. A greenhouse study was performed to evaluate the effects of PW on physiological and morphological traits of spring wheat (Triticum aestivum). Plants were irrigated with water treatments containing 10 and 50% PW (PW10 and PW50, respectively) and compared to a matching 50% salinity (NaCl50) and 100% tap water controls. Compared to controls, plants watered with PW10 and PW50 exhibited developmental arrest and reductions in aboveground and belowground biomass, photosynthetic efficiency, and reproductive growth. Decreases in grain yield ranged from 70 to 100% in plants irrigated with PW compared to the tap water control. Importantly, the PW10 and NaCl50 treatments were comparable for morphophysiological effects, even though NaCl50 contained 5 times the total dissolved solids, suggesting that constituents other than NaCl in PW contributed to plant stress. These findings indicate that despite discharge and reuse requirements focused on total dissolved solids, salinity stress may not be the primary factor affecting crop health. The results of the present study are informative for developing guidelines for the use of PW in agriculture to ensure minimal effects on crop morphology and physiology. Environ Toxicol Chem 2019;38:1756–1769. © 2019 SETAC
Abstract
Given that produced water (PW) is a waste product requiring disposal by deep-well injection, and agricultural use of reclaimed water is an important way of meeting water demands in drought-stressed areas, we aim to evaluate the possible beneficial reuse of PW for use in agriculture and food by investigating the response of wheat to determine if minimally treated PW can be used to irrigate with minimal yield reduction and to assess if salinity (as TDS) is the primary factor governing response.
College Reading and Studying: The Complexity of Academic Literacy Task Demands
Authors: Holschuh Jodi Patrick 
Published: April 2019

AbstractOver a century of research on postsecondary learning has documented that students often struggle with the academic literacy demands of college. Academic literacy tasks are the subset of all academic tasks that involve reading and writing and are rooted within larger cultural practices. These demands are challenging, complex, and varied, so students need help preparing before they enter college. Although there are many reasons why preparing students for academic literacy tasks is difficult, there are some ways that educators can help. The author discusses the academic literacy demands in college by examining some of the reasons why it is difficult to fully prepare students and several ways that educators can help students on the path toward college readiness.
Cytotoxic and proinflammatory responses induced by ZnO nanoparticles in in vitro intestinal barrier
Authors: Colombo Graziano , Cortinovis Cristina , Moschini Elisa , Bellitto Nicholas , Perego Maria Chiara , Albonico Marco , Astori Emanuela , Dalle‐Donne Isabella , Bertero Alessia , Gedanken Aharon , Perelsthein Ilana , Mantecca Paride , Caloni Francesca 
Published: April 2019

AbstractZnO nanoparticles (NPs) are widely used nowadays, thus the gastrointestinal exposure to ZnO NPs is likely to be relevant and the effects on the intestinal barrier should be investigated. Polarized Caco‐2 cells were exposed from the apical (Ap) and basolateral (Bl) compartments to increasing concentrations (0, 10, 50 and 100 μg/mL) of sonochemical (sono) and commercial ZnO NPs. The transepithelial electrical resistance (TEER), cell viability, proinflammatory cytokine release and presence of protein oxidative damage were evaluated after exposure. TEER was not significantly affected by Ap exposure to either sono or commercial ZnO NPs at any tested concentrations. After Bl exposure to sono ZnO NPs (all the concentrations) and to 100 μg/mL of commercial ZnO NPs TEER was decreased (P < 0.05). Ap and Bl exposure to 100 μg/mL sono ZnO NPs and Ap exposure to 50 μg/mL commercial ZnO NPs induced a significant (P < 0.05) release of interleukin‐6. A significant (P < 0.05) release of interleukin‐8 was observed after Ap exposure to ZnO NPs at 100 μg/mL and after Bl exposure to sono ZnO NPs at 100 μg/mL. Ap or Bl exposure to sono or commercial ZnO NPs did not affect tumour necrosis factor‐alpha secretion or protein sulphydryl oxidation. In conclusion, the ZnO NP exposure from the Ap compartment appeared almost safe, while the exposure through the basal compartment appeared to be more hazardous and the different NP size and crystallinity seem to affect the mode of action, but further studies are necessary to elucidate better these toxicity mechanisms.
Cocoa Shell Aqueous Phenolic Extract Preserves Mitochondrial Function and Insulin Sensitivity by Attenuating Inflammation between Macrophages and Adipocytes In Vitro
Authors: Rebollo‐Hernanz Miguel , Zhang Qiaozhi , Aguilera Yolanda , Martín‐Cabrejas Maria A. , de Mejia Elvira Gonzalez 
Published: April 2019

ScopeThe aim is to assess the action of an aqueous extract from cocoa shell (CAE) and its main phenolic compounds to prevent the loss of obesity‐induced mitochondrial function and insulin sensitivity, targeting inflammation between macrophages‐adipocytes in vitro.Methods and resultsCAE (31–500 µg mL−1) inhibits 3T3‐L1 adipocytes lipid accumulation and induces browning during differentiation. LPS‐stimulated RAW264.7 macrophages show reduced inducible nitric oxide synthase and cyclooxygenase‐2 expression and lowered pro‐inflammatory cytokine production when treated with CAE and pure phenolics. Inflammatory crosstalk created by stimulating adipocytes with macrophage‐conditioned media (CM) is arrested; CAE diminishes tumor necrosis factor‐α (67%) and promotes adiponectin secretion (12.3‐fold). Mitochondrial function, measured by reactive oxygen species production, mitochondrial content, and activity, is preserved in CM‐treated adipocytes through up‐regulating peroxisome proliferator‐activated receptor gamma coactivator 1‐α expression. Increases in insulin receptor (9‐fold), phosphoinositide 3‐kinase (3‐fold), protein kinase B (4‐fold) phosphorylation, and a decrease in insulin receptor substrate 1 serine phosphorylation induce increased glucose uptake (34%) and glucose transporter 4 translocation (14‐fold) in CM‐induced adipocytes.ConclusionCAE phenolics promote a beige phenotype in adipocytes. Macrophages‐adipocytes inflammatory interaction is reduced preventing mitochondrial dysfunction and insulin resistance. For the first time, CAE shows a positive effect on adipogenesis and inflammation‐related disorders.
Crashworthiness of recycled cardboard panels reinforced with hybrid columnar aluminum tube‐GFRP rods
Authors: Fortin Gabriel Y. , Elbadry Elsayed A. , Hamada Hiroyuki 
Published: April 2019

AbstractThis article presents an experimental study on the crushing properties of recycled cardboard panels reinforced with hybrid columnar aluminum tube‐GFRP rods made by a tubular braiding method under quasi‐static compression. The effects of number of hybrid columnar aluminum tube‐GFRP rods with a taper are investigated in single‐layer cardboard panels and two‐layer panels including a thin aluminum interlayer. The results show that GFRP rods with a tapered end display much better progressive crushing behavior with larger specific energy absorption (SEA) compared with rods without a taper, with average values of 65 and 43 kJ/kg, respectively. Moreover, aluminum tubes show a concertina mode of crushing due to folding of the tube walls, with an average SEA of 89 kJ/kg. On the other hand, the highest SEA of 102 kJ/kg is obtained in hybrid columnar aluminum tube‐GFRP rods with a taper, due to interactions of the aluminum on the crushing behavior of the rods. No interactions are observed on the crushing behavior of hybrid columnar structures in cardboard; however, the cardboard does constrain the fiber splaying process of GFRP rods. The interlayer aluminum has a pronounced effect on crushing stability of GFRP rods and hybrid columnar aluminum tube‐GFRP rod reinforced two‐layer cardboard panels.