bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Mechanical support for high risk PCI: One pump still doesn't fit all
Authors: Alraies M. Chadi , Gilchrist Ian C. 
Published: June 2018

Key Points

Mechanical circulatory support using Impella for high risk PCI is associated with better procedural and hemodynamic outcome compared with IABP although mortality benefit has been elusive.
Limited evidence is available to study the effectiveness and safety of mechanical circulatory support in high risk PCI patients and much of it is confounded by underpowered and heterogeneous sample sizes.
Lack of randomized trials studying contemporary percutaneous left ventricular assist devices is attributed to difficulty in randomizing high risk patients into trials of hemodynamic support.
Contrast induced nephropathy after coronary or vascular intervention: More biomarkers than answers
Authors: Annamalai Shiva K. , Kapur Navin K. 
Published: June 2018

Key Points

Rising urine NGAL and serum creatinine after 48 hr are potentially useful in predicting persistent creatinine increase in patients with contrast‐induced AKI.
Urinary NGAL may allow for early identification of a high‐risk cohort following PCI.
Future studies are needed to determine whether renal biomarkers are affected by clinical variables, such as heart failure acute mechanical circulatory support (AMCS) and whether they can be used to identify patients who would benefit from either AMCS reno‐protection during PCI remains unknown.
In Situ Stripline Electrochemical NMR for Batteries
Authors: Sorte Eric G. , Banek Nathan A. , Wagner Michael J. , Alam Todd M. , Tong YuYe J. 
Published: June 2018

AbstractSome long‐outstanding technical challenges exist that continue to be of hindrance to fully harnessing the unique investigative advantages of nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy in the in situ investigation of rechargeable battery chemistry. For instance, the conducting materials and circuitry necessary for an operational battery always deteriorate the coil‐based NMR sensitivity when placed inside the coil, and the shape mismatch between them leads to low sample filling factors and even higher detection limits. We report, herein, a novel and successful adaptation of stripline NMR detection that integrates seamlessly NMR detection with the construction of an electrochemical device in general, or a battery in particular, which leads to an in situ electrochemical NMR technique with much higher detection sensitivity, higher sample filling factor, and which is particularly suitable for mass‐limited samples.
Role of Boron and Phosphorus in Enhanced Electrocatalytic Oxygen Evolution by Nickel Borides and Nickel Phosphides
Authors: Masa Justus , Andronescu Corina , Antoni Hendrik , Sinev Ilya , Seisel Sabine , Elumeeva Karina , Barwe Stefan , Marti‐Sanchez Sara , Arbiol Jordi , Roldan Cuenya Beatriz , Muhler Martin , Schuhmann Wolfgang 
Published: June 2018

AbstractThe modification of nickel with boron or phosphorus leads to significant enhancement of its electrocatalytic activity for the oxygen evolution reaction (OER). However, the precise role of the guest elements, B and P, in enhancing the OER of the host element (Ni) remains unclear. Herein, we present insight into the role of B and P in enhancing electrocatalysis of oxygen evolution by nickel borides and nickel phosphides. The apparent activation energy, Ea*, of electrocatalytic oxygen evolution on Ni2P was 78.4 kJ/mol, on Ni2B 65.4 kJ/mol, and on Ni nanoparticles 94.0 kJ/mol, thus revealing that both B and P affect the intrinsic activity of nickel. XPS data revealed shifts of −0.30 and 0.40 eV in the binding energy of the Ni 2p3/2 peak of Ni2B and Ni2P, respectively, with respect to that of pure Ni at 852.60 eV, thus indicating that B and P induce opposite electronic effects on the surface electronic structure of Ni. The origin of enhanced activity for oxygen evolution cannot, therefore, be attributed to such electronic modification or ligand effect. Severe changes induced on the nickel lattice, specifically, the Ni‐Ni atomic order and interatomic distances (strain effect), by the presence of the guest atoms seem to be the dominant factors responsible for enhanced activity of oxygen evolution in nickel borides and nickel phosphides.
Design, Synthesis, and Biological Evaluation of Tetrahydro‐β‐carboline Derivatives as Selective Sub‐Nanomolar Gelatinase Inhibitors
Authors: Mangiatordi Giuseppe Felice , Guzzo Tatiana , Rossano Eugenio Claudio , Trisciuzzi Daniela , Alberga Domenico , Fasciglione Giovanni , Coletta Massimiliano , Topai Alessandra , Nicolotti Orazio 
Published: June 2018

AbstractTargeting matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) is a pursued strategy for treating several pathological conditions, such as multiple sclerosis and cancer. Herein, a series of novel tetrahydro‐β‐carboline derivatives with outstanding inhibitory activity toward MMPs are present. In particular, compounds 9 f, 9 g, 9 h and 9 i show sub‐nanomolar IC50 values. Interestingly, compounds 9 g and 9 i also provide remarkable selectivity toward gelatinases; IC50=0.15 nm for both toward MMP‐2 and IC50=0.63 and 0.58 nm, respectively, toward MMP‐9. Molecular docking simulations, performed by employing quantum mechanics based partial charges, shed light on the rationale behind binding involving specific interactions with key residues of S1′ and S3′ domains. Taken together, these studies indicate that tetrahydro‐β‐carboline represents a promising scaffold for the design of novel inhibitors able to target MMPs and selectively bias gelatinases, over the desirable range of the pharmacokinetics spectrum.
Generating Conformation‐Specific Polyclonal and Monoclonal Anti‐Protein Kinase C Antibodies and Anti–Active State Specific PKC Antibodies
Authors: Pena Darlene A. , Pacheco Denise M. V. , Oliveira Paulo S. L. , Alves Maria J. M. , Schechtman Deborah 
Published: June 2018

AbstractThe protein kinase C (PKC) family of serine/ threonine kinases has been shown to play active roles as either suppressors or promoters of carcinogenesis in different types of tumors. Using antibodies that preferentially recognize the active conformation of classical PKCs (cPKCs), we have previously shown that in breast cancer samples the expression levels of cPKCs were similar in estrogen receptor–positive (ER+) as compared to triple‐negative tumors; however, the levels of active cPKCs were different. Determining the activation status of PKCs and other kinases in tumors may thus aid therapeutic decisions. Further, in basic science these tools may be used to understand the spatial and temporal dynamics of PKC signaling under different stimuli and for co‐immunoprecipitation studies to detect binding partners and substrates of active cPKCs. In this article, we describe how monoclonal and polyclonal anti–active state PKC antibodies can be obtained using rational approaches to select bona fide epitopes through inspection of the crystal structure of classical PKCs coupled to molecular modeling studies. We believe that this methodology can be used for other kinases and multi‐domain enzymes that undergo changes in their conformation upon activation. © 2018 by John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
Formic Acid‐Induced Controlled‐Release Hydrolysis of Microalgae (Scenedesmus) to Lactic Acid over Sn‐Beta Catalyst
Authors: Zan Yifan , Sun Yuanyuan , Kong Lingzhao , Miao Gai , Bao Liwei , Wang Hao , Li Shenggang , Sun Yuhan 
Published: June 2018

AbstractFormic acid‐induced controlled‐release hydrolysis of sugar‐rich microalgae (Scenedesmus) over the Sn‐Beta catalyst was found to be a highly efficient process for producing lactic acid as a platform chemical. One‐pot reaction with a very high lactic acid yield of 83.0 % was realized in a batch reactor using water as the solvent. Under the attack of formic acid, the cell wall of Scenedesmus was disintegrated, and hydrolysis of the starch inside the cell was strengthened in a controlled‐release mode, resulting in a stable and relatively low glucose concentration. Subsequently, the Sn‐Beta catalyst was employed for the efficient conversion of glucose into lactic acid with stable catalytic performance through isomerization, retro‐aldol and de‐/rehydration reactions. Thus, the hydrolysis of polysaccharides and the catalytic conversion of the monosaccharide into lactic acid was realized by the combination of an organic Brønsted acid and a heterogeneous Lewis acid catalyst.
A Novel Bimetallic Nickel–Molybdenum Carbide Nanowire Array for Efficient Hydrogen Evolution
Authors: Guo Lixia , Wang Jianying , Teng Xue , Liu Yangyang , He Xiaoming , Chen Zuofeng 
Published: June 2018

AbstractThe design and fabrication of noble‐metal‐free hydrogenevolution electrocatalysts with high activity is significant to future renewable energy systems. In this work, self‐supported NiMo carbide nanowires on carbon cloth (Ni3Mo3C@NPC NWs/CC; NPC=N,P‐doped carbon) were developed through an electropolymerization‐assisted procedure. During the synthesis process, NiMoO4 nanowires were first grown on CC through a hydrothermal reaction that was free of any polymer binder such as Nafion. By use of electropolymerization, the as‐prepared NiMoO4 NWs/CC sample was then coated by a layer of polypyrole (PPy) that served as the carbon source for subsequent conversion into Ni3Mo3C@NPC NWs/CC by carbothermal reduction. The experimental results indicated that judicious choices of the amount of coated PPy and the pyrolysis temperature were essential for obtaining the pure‐phase, nanowire array structure of Ni3Mo3C@NPC NWs/CC. Benefitting from the pure phase of the bimetallic carbide, the unique architecture of the nanowire array, and its self‐supported nature, the optimized Ni3Mo3C@NPC NWs/CC electrode exhibited excellent performance in the hydrogen evolution reaction (HER) in both acidic and alkaline media. Low overpotentials of 161 and 215 mV were required to afford a high current density of 100 mA cm−2 toward the HER in acidic and alkaline media, respectively, and the catalytic activity was maintained for at least 48 h, which puts Ni3Mo3C@NPC NWs/CC among the best HER electrocatalysts based on metallic carbides yet reported.
Do natural enemies explain fluctuations in low‐density spruce budworm populations?
Authors: Bouchard Mathieu , Martel Véronique , Régnière Jacques , Therrien Pierre , Correia David Laginha Pinto 
Published: June 2018

AbstractUnderstanding the causal pathways through which forest insect outbreaks are triggered is important for resource managers. However, detailed population dynamics studies are hard to conduct in low‐density, pre‐outbreak populations because the insects are difficult to sample in sufficient numbers. Using laboratory‐raised larvae installed in the field across a 1,000 km east–west gradient in Québec (Canada) over an 11‐yr period, we examined if parasitism and predation were likely to explain fluctuations in low‐density spruce budworm (Choristoneura fumiferana; SBW) populations. Parasitism rates by the two main larval parasitoid species, Elachertus cacoeciae and Tranosema rostrale, peaked during different years. This suggests that temporal fluctuations in overall parasitism were partly buffered by compensatory dynamics among parasitoid species. Still, spatial covariance analyses indicate that the residual interannual variation in parasitism rates was substantial and correlated over large distances (up to 700 km). On the other hand, interannual variation in predation rates was not spatially correlated. Piecewise structural equation models indicate that temporal variation in parasitism and predation does not influence temporal variation in wild SBW abundance. Spatially, however, SBWs installed in warmer locations tended to show higher parasitism rates, and these higher rates correlated with lower wild SBW population levels. Overall, the results indicate that large‐scale drops in parasitism occur and could potentially contribute to SBW population increases. However, during the period covered by this study, other factors such as direct effects of weather on SBW larval development or indirect effects through host tree physiology or phenology were more likely to explain large‐scale variation in wild SBW populations.
Prospective assessment of combined handgrip strength and Mini‐Cog identifies hospitalized heart failure patients at increased post‐hospitalization risk
Authors: Joyce Emer , Howell Erik H. , Senapati Alpana , Starling Randall C. , Gorodeski Eiran Z. 
Published: June 2018

AbstractAimsThe utility of combined assessment of both frailty and cognitive impairment in hospitalized heart failure (HF) patients for incremental post‐discharge risk stratification, using handgrip strength and Mini‐Cog as feasible representative parameters, was investigated.Methods and resultsA prospective, single‐centre cohort study of older adults (age ≥65) hospitalized for HF being discharged to home was performed. Pre‐discharge, grip strength was assessed using a dynamometer (Jamar hydrolic hand dynamometer, Lafayette Instruments, Lafayette, IN, USA) and was defined as weak if the maximal value was below the gender‐derived and body mass index‐derived cut‐offs according to Fried criteria. Cognition was assessed using the Mini‐Cog. The presence of impairment was defined as a score of <2. Outcome measures were all‐cause readmission or emergency department visit (primary) or all‐cause mortality (secondary) at 6 months. A total of 56 patients (mean age 77 ± 7 years, 73% male) were enrolled. The majority (n = 33, 59%) had weak grip strength, either with (n = 5) or without (n = 28) cognitive impairment. The highest risk for both readmission and mortality occurred in those with weak grip strength and cognitive impairment in combination (log‐rank P < 0.0001 and P = 0.01, respectively).ConclusionsPatients who are frail by grip strength assessment and cognitively impaired according to severely reduced Mini‐Cog performance show the worst midterm post‐discharge outcomes after HF hospitalization.
Characterization and modeling of CO2‐water‐rock interactions in Hygiene Sandstones (Upper Cretaceous), Denver Basin, aimed for carbon dioxide geological storage
Authors: Iglesias Rodrigo S. , Ketzer J. Marcelo , Maraschin Anderson J. , Sbrissa Gesiane 
Published: June 2018

AbstractCarbon capture and geological storage are among the most valuable technologies capable of reducing CO2 emissions. Long‐term interactions between CO2 and a reservoir, and the integrity of geological formations, are key factors in the selection of adequate reservoirs for permanent storage. Numerical models of CO2‐water‐rock geochemical interactions are often employed to predict the fate of CO2 stored in a reservoir over time. The Hygiene Sandstone, in the Denver Basin, Colorado, USA, is a geological formation with potential for CO2 storage, and was therefore studied in this work, in which we collected and characterized outcrop samples in order to supply the input parameters for numerical simulations. Four representative thin sections of Hygiene Sandstone outcrops were quantified in terms of detrital constituents, diagenesis, and porosity on the basis of conventional petrography. Sandstone mineralogy included, in decreasing order, quartz, K‐feldspar, muscovite, albite, illite, smectite, kaolinite, poikilotopic calcite, and siderite. Porosity ranged from 4% to 13%. A geochemical modeling study of CO2‐water‐rock interactions performed with two characterized samples and brine data from the Hygiene Sandstones, simulating reservoir conditions, suggested that the mineralogy of the sandstone is quite stable under the conditions that were tested and only minor mineralogical and porosity alterations would occur within a thousand years of storage. © 2018 Society of Chemical Industry and John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Change in quality of life after a multidisciplinary intervention for people with dementia: A cluster randomized controlled trial
Authors: Klapwijk Maartje S. , Caljouw Monique A.A. , Pieper Marjoleine J.C. , Putter Hein , van der Steen Jenny T. , Achterberg Wilco P. 
Published: June 2018

ObjectiveThe objective of this study was to examine whether implementation of a stepwise multicomponent intervention (STA OP!) for challenging behavior and pain affects quality of life (QoL) of nursing home residents with moderate to severe dementia after 3 and 6 months.MethodsA cluster randomized controlled trial was conducted in 12 nursing homes. Both control (n = 140) and intervention group (=148) received training, the intervention group was also treated using the STA OP! intervention. At baseline, 3 and 6 months QoL was assessed using the 6 QUALIDEM domains applicable to moderate and severe dementia. Linear mixed models were used to compare changes in QoL domains between the 2 groups over time.ResultsAfter both 3 and 6 months, there was no change, and no difference in change, between the 2 groups in the domains Care relationship, Positive affect, Negative affect, and Social relations.Between 0 and 3 months, a positive effect was seen in the domain Restless tense behavior with a regression coefficient of β: 0.95 (95% confidence interval [CI], 0.36‐1.54). Between 3 and 6 months, a negative effect was seen on the domain Restless tense behavior β: −0.98 (95% CI, −1.60 to −0.36) and a positive effect in the domain Social isolation, β: 0.64 (95% CI, 0.12‐1.17).ConclusionsThe stepwise intervention STA OP! affects the QUALIDEM domains in different ways: there was a lowering of Restless tense behavior in the short term, which reverted back to the initial level in the longer term, and a lowering of Social isolation in the longer term.
In their own words: A qualitative study exploring influences on the food choices of university students
Authors: Lambert Michelle , Chivers Paola , Farringdon Fiona 
Published: June 2018

AbstractIssue addressedUniversity students generally make independent decisions regarding food choices. Current research about knowledge of Australian Dietary Guidelines (ADG), sources of nutrition information and influences on food choices for this group is scarce.MethodsQualitative data were collected from gender‐separated focus groups comprising four female (n = 31) and four male (n = 18) to identify: knowledge of ADG; sources of nutrition information; factors that influence food choices; perceived relevant nutrition messages and how best to deliver them.ResultsGaps in knowledge were identified particularly regarding number of serves and serving size for food groups. Social media was the most commonly reported source of knowledge. Social media was also a major influence on food choice due to its impact on body ideals.ConclusionCurrent health promotion nutrition messages were perceived irrelevant given the focus on long‐term health risks. Health and adhering to the ADG were not identified as important. The desire to look a particular way was the major influence on food choices.So what?While there is an awareness of ADG, our participants made a deliberate decision not to follow them. This provides a challenge for developing relevant preventive health messages for this target audience.
Normative Standards for HRpQCT Parameters in Chinese Men and Women
Authors: Zhu Tracy Y , Yip Benjamin HK , Hung Vivian WY , Choy Carol WY , Cheng Ka-Lo , Kwok Timothy CY , Cheng Jack CY , Qin Ling 
Published: June 2018

ABSTRACT Assessing bone architecture using high-resolution peripheral quantitative computed tomography (HRpQCT) has the potential to improve fracture risk assessment. The Normal Reference Study aimed to establish sex-specific reference centile curves for HRpQCT parameters. This was an age-stratified cross-sectional study and 1072 ambulatory Chinese men (n = 544) and women (n = 528) aged 20 to 79 years, who were free from conditions and medications that could affect bone metabolism and had no history of fragility fracture. They were recruited from local communities of Hong Kong. Reference centile curves for each HRpQCT parameter were constructed using generalized additive models for location, scale, and shape with age as the only explanatory variable. Patterns of reference centile curves reflected age-related changes of bone density, microarchitecture, and estimated bone strength. In both sexes, loss of cortical bone was only evident in mid-adulthood, particularly in women with a more rapid fashion probably concurrent with the onset of menopause. In contrast, loss of trabecular bone was subtle or gradual or occurred at an earlier age. Expected values of HRpQCT parameters for a defined sex and age and a defined percentile or Z-score were obtained from these curves. T-scores were calculated using the population with the peak values as the reference and reflected age- or menopause-related bone loss in an older individual or the room to reach the peak potential in a younger individual. These reference centile curves produced a standard describing a norm or desirable target that enables value clinical judgements. Percentiles, Z-scores, and T-scores would be helpful in detecting abnormalities in bone density and microarchitecture arising from various conditions and establishing entry criteria for clinical trials. They also hold the potential to refine the diagnosis of osteoporosis and assessment of fracture risk. © 2018 American Society for Bone and Mineral Research.
LncRNA TNRC6C‐AS1 regulates UNC5B in thyroid cancer to influence cell proliferation, migration, and invasion as a competing endogenous RNA of miR‐129‐5p
Authors: Hou Sen , Lin Qiuyu , Guan Feng , Lin Chenghe 
Published: June 2018

AbstractTo investigate the biological functions and regulatory mechanism of lncRNA TNRC6C‐AS1 in thyroid cancer (TC). TNRC6C‐AS1, miR‐129‐5p, and UNC5B expression levels were investigated by qRT‐PCR and Western blot. CCK‐8 assay was conducted to determine cell proliferation, while transwell assay was for inspection of cell migration and invasion. Through bioinformatic analysis, the interactions among TNRC6C‐AS1, miR‐129‐5p, and UNC5B were predicted. Dual luciferase reporter gene assay and RNA pull‐down assay confirmed the predicted target relationships. Tumor xenograft assay was applied to inspect the effect of TNRC6C‐AS1 downregulation on TC development in vivo. TNRC6C‐AS1 and UNC5B were overexpressed, while miR‐129‐5p was underexpressed in TC tissues and cells. TNRC6C‐AS1/UNC5B downregulation and miR‐129‐5p overexpression could suppress proliferation, migration, and invasion of TC cells as well as inhibit tumorigenesis in vivo. MiR‐129‐5p targeted TNRC6C‐AS1 and UNC5B in TC cells; and UNC5B expression was downregulated by knocking down TNRC6C‐AS1, which competitively bound with miR‐129‐5p. Downregulation of TNRC6C‐AS1 restrained TC development by knocking down UNC5B through upregulating the expression of miR‐129‐5p.