bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Efficacy of pirfenidone for the treatment of pulmonary fibrosis
Authors: Li Shu-Min , Lin Yang , Liang Shan-Shan 
Published: April 2019

Abstract

Background:
This study will systematically assess the efficacy and safety of pirfenidone for the treatment of patients with pulmonary fibrosis (PF).

Methods:
We will search potential records from following literature sources from their inceptions to the present without language, and publication status limitations: Cochrane Library, EMBASE, PUBMED, the Cumulative Index to Nursing and Allied Health Literature, the Allied and Complementary Medicine Database, Chinese Biomedical Literature Database, and China National Knowledge Infrastructure. In addition, we also search grey literature sources, such as dissertations, conference proceedings, as well as the reference lists of included studies. All randomized controlled trials related to the pirfenidone for treating PF will be included. All the process of study selection, data extraction, and methodological evaluation will be carried out by 2 authors independently. The primary outcome comprises of all-cause-mortality, and lung function status, as measured by forced vital capacity. The secondary outcomes consist of 6-minute walk distance, progression-free survival, dyspnea, acute exacerbation, quality of life, and adverse events. Whenever possible, all results data will be pooled and meta-analysis will be performed.

Results:
This study will systematically assess the efficacy and safety of pirfenidone for the treatment of patients with PF.

Conclusion:
The findings of the present study will summarize most recent evidence of pirfenidone for PF.

Ethics and dissemination:
No individual data will be analyzed in this study, thus, no research ethics approval is required in this study. The findings of this study are expected to be disseminated in a peer-reviewed journal or conference presentations.

PROSPERO registration number:
PROSPERO CRD42019126958.
Estimating the Costs and Income of Providing Vaccination to Adults and Children
Authors: Yarnoff Benjamin , Kim David , Zhou Fangjun , Leidner Andrew J. , Khavjou Olga , Bates Laurel , Bridges Carolyn B. 
Published: April 2019

Introduction:
Vaccinations are recommended to prevent serious morbidity and mortality. However, providers’ concerns regarding costs and payments for providing vaccination services are commonly reported barriers to adult vaccination. Information on the costs of providing vaccination is limited, especially for adults.

Methods:
We recruited 4 internal medicine, 4 family medicine, 2 pediatric, 2 obstetrics and gynecology (OBGYN) practices, and 2 community health clinics in North Carolina to participate in a study to assess the economic costs and benefits of providing vaccination services for adults and children. We conducted a time-motion assessment of vaccination-related activities in the provider office and a survey to providers on vaccine management costs. We estimated mean cost per vaccination, minimum and maximum payments received, and income.

Results:
Across all provider settings, mean cost per vaccine administration was $14 with substantial variation by practice setting (pediatric: $10; community health clinics: $15; family medicine: $17; OBGYN: $23; internal medicine: $23). When receiving the maximum payment, all provider settings had positive income for vaccination services. When receiving the minimum reported payments for vaccination services, pediatric and family medicine practices had positive income, internal medicine, and OBGYN practices had approximately equal costs and payments, and community health clinics had losses or negative income.

Conclusions:
Overall, vaccination service providers appeared to have small positive income from vaccination services. In some cases, providers experienced negative income, which underscores the need for providers and policymakers to design interventions and system improvements to make vaccination services financially sustainable for all provider types.
Developing a New Measure of Primary Care Using the Medical Expenditure Panel Survey
Authors: Olaisen R. Henry , Flocke Susan A. , Smyth Kathleen A. , Schluchter Mark D. , Koroukian Siran M. , Stange Kurt C. 
Published: April 2019

Objective:
To develop and assess the reliability of a measure of primary care using items from the Medical Expenditure Panel Survey (MEPS), a US representative survey of community-dwelling persons.

Methods:
On the basis of the domains from the literature on primary care characteristics, we identified relevant items within the 2013–2014 MEPS family of surveys. In a sample of primary survey respondents with at least 1 office-based physician visit in the last 12 months, we conducted exploratory factor analysis, retaining items with a factor loading of 0.30 and factors ≥3 items. Using a hold-out sample, internal consistency, reproducibility, and confirmatory factor analyses were performed.

Results:
On the basis of 16 care domains, we found 32 candidate items in the MEPS. Factor analyses of data from 4549 persons meeting inclusion criteria (27.6% of the total sample), yielded 3 unique factors involving 24 items. We named these subscales Relationship, Comprehensiveness, and Health Promotion, displaying internal consistency reliability of 0.86, 0.78, and 0.69, respectively. Confirmatory factor analysis corroborated the stability of the exploratory findings in the hold out sample. Sensitivity analyses showed robustness to differences in underlying correlation structure, alternative approach to missing data, and extension to indirect survey respondents.

Conclusions:
The MEPS Primary Care measure with 3 subscales is reliable and may be useful in conducting primary care health services and outcomes research in the rich MEPS dataset. Further validation is needed, and is described in a companion paper.
Meibomian Gland Dysfunction in Patients Who Underwent Transconjunctival Approach Surgery for Inferior Orbital Wall Fractures
Authors: Kim Jin A. , Lee Yong Jae , Jang Sun Young 
Published: April 2019

Purpose:
To investigate whether transconjunctival approach surgery caused meibomian gland dysfunction in patients with inferior orbital wall fractures.

Methods:
Twenty consecutive patients who underwent reconstruction surgery for unilateral inferior orbital wall fracture via a transconjunctival approach were enrolled in this study. All patients were asked to complete the Ocular Surface Disease Index questionnaire for each separate eyelid. Both eyelids of each patient underwent slit lamp examination to determine the lid margin abnormality scores. The structure of the meibomian gland was assessed using meibography. Intraindividual comparison of outcome measurements between both eyelids was performed using the Wilcoxon signed-rank test. The contralateral eyelid of each patient was used as a normal control.

Results:
The mean Ocular Surface Disease Index score of the operated eyelid was 46.5 ± 8.9, which was significantly higher than that of the contralateral normal eyelid (23.4 ± 7.3; P = 0.02). The lid margin abnormality score of the operated eyelid (1.2 ± 0.7) was higher than that of the normal eyelid (0.5 ± 0.7; P = 0.033). The meibography score of the eyelid on the operated side (1.8 ± 0.8) was greater than that of the contralateral eyelid (1.0 ± 1.0; P = 0.015).

Conclusions:
Compared to paired normal eyelids, eyelids that underwent transconjunctival approach surgery exhibited significant signs of meibomian gland dysfunction. Clinicians should be aware of such ocular symptoms in patients after transconjunctival approach surgery.
Surgical Management of Giant Cell Tumor Involving the Lateral Skull Base
Authors: Feng Zhien , Wang Chong , Li Bo , Cheng Aoming , Mao Minghui , Han Zhengxue 
Published: April 2019

Abstract
The aim of the study is to discuss the current management options for intra- and extra-cranial communication giant cell tumor of the lateral skull base and perform a review of the literature. A total of 6 patients with giant cell tumor of the lateral skull base were retrospectively enrolled in the study. The principal complaints, imaging manifestations, surgical resection and reconstruction of intra- and extra-cranial communication defects for the diseases were discussed. There were 2 males and 4 females. The most of principal complaints were discomfort or pain in the temporomandibular joint in 5 cases (83.3%). Imaging examination showed invasion of the temporal bone alone in 3 cases (50.0%) and both temporal bone and sphenoid bone involvement in 3 cases (50.0%). C-shaped preauricular infratemporal fossa approach was used for tumour removal and gross total resection was done in all 6 cases. The pedicled temporal muscle fascial flap was used to reconstruct the intra- and extra-cranial communication defect of the lateral skull base. The conclusion is that giant cell tumor is a benign tumor but is also locally aggressive. Gross total resection is the most commonly recommended treatment choice for giant cell tumor of the skull and can achieve good treatment outcomes. The temporalis muscle flap is a good alternative choice for reconstruction of the defect.
Predictors of Adverse Events Following Cleft Palate Repair
Authors: Mets Elbert Johann , Chouairi Fouad , Torabi Sina John , Alperovich Michael 
Published: April 2019

Introduction:
Cleft palate repair has rare, but potentially life-threatening risks. Understanding the risk factors for adverse events following cleft palate repair can guide surgeons in risk stratification and parental counseling.

Methods:
Patients under 2 years of age in National Surgical Quality Improvement Project Pediatric Database (NSQIP-P) from 2012 to 2016 who underwent primary cleft palate repair were identified. Risk factors for adverse events after cleft palate repair were identified.

Results:
Outcomes for 4989 patients were reviewed. Mean age was 1.0 ± 0.3 years and 53.5% were males. Adverse events occurred in 6.4% (320) of patients. The wound dehiscence rate was 3.1%, and the reoperation rate was 0.9%.
On multivariate analysis, perioperative blood transfusion (adjusted odds ratio [aOR] 30.2), bronchopulmonary dysplasia/chronic lung disease (aOR 2.2), and prolonged length of stay (LOS) (aOR 1.1) were significantly associated with an adverse event.
When subdivided by type of adverse event, reoperation was associated with perioperative blood transfusion (aOR 286.5), cerebral palsy (aOR 11.3), and prolonged LOS (aOR 1.1). Thirty-day readmission was associated with American Society of Anesthesiologists Physical Status Classification class III (aOR 2.0) and IV (aOR 4.8), bronchopulmonary dysplasia/chronic lung disease (aOR 2.5), cerebral palsy (aOR 5.7), and prolonged LOS (aOR 1.1). Finally, wound dehiscence was significantly associated with perioperative blood transfusion only (aOR 8.2).

Conclusions:
Although adverse events following cleft palate surgery are rare, systemic disease remains the greatest predictor for readmission and reoperation. Neurologic and pulmonary diseases are the greatest systemic risk factors. Intraoperative adverse events requiring blood transfusion are the greatest surgical risk factor for post-surgical complications.
Predictability of Mandibular Autorotation After Le Fort I Maxillary Impaction in Case of Vertical Maxillary Excess
Authors: Peleg Oren , Mijiritsky Eitan , Manor Yifat , Inchingolo Francesco , Blinder Danielle , Mortellaro Carmen , Hirschhorn Ariel 
Published: April 2019

Abstract
A retrospective study of 20 patients treated for vertical maxillary excess between 2009 and 2010, solely by superior surgical repositioning of the maxilla. Clinical and radiological cephalometric parameters were analyzed statistically and their impact on achieving the predicted postoperative mandibular autorotation and on relapse. According to our study, patients presenting with an anterior open bite and a low occlusal plane angle might fail to achieve the predicted mandibular autorotation and are prone to postoperative relapse. No correlation was found between the extent of maxillary impaction and the presence of autorotation.
The Postoperative Speech Intelligibility Evaluation of Modified Z-Plasty Palatoplasty
Authors: Xu Huilin , Song Qinggao , Zou Yali , He Wei , Wang Fang 
Published: April 2019

Abstract
The aim of the present study is to test the feasibility of modified Z-plasty palatoplasty for cleft palate repair in surgeries and provide a new surgical method. Forty cleft palate patients were selected as participants and divided into 2 groups in random. Twenty patients in the experiment group were treated by modified Z-plasty palatoplasty while the other 20 patients in the control group by double opposing Z-plasty and Sommerlad palatoplasty. By evaluating and observing postoperative velopharyngeal movement, speech intelligibility, nasal leaking, analysis of CSL (Computer Structure Language) and X-ray velopharyngeal lateral radiographs, Modified Z-plasty palatoplasty achieved better results than traditional operation. Satisfactory linguistic effects on incomplete cleft palate can be observed after modified Z-plasty palatoplasty treatment. So this method may be used as a clinical choice.
Expanded Endoscopic Approach for Anterior Skull Base Tumors: Experience of a Multidisciplinary Skull Base Team
Authors: Marchioni Daniele , Gulino Antonio , Sacchetto Luca , Pinna Giampietro , Musumeci Angelo , Molteni Gabriele 
Published: April 2019

Abstract
The aim of this study is to describe the experience of a multidisciplinary skull base team with transnasal endoscopic surgery for anterior cranial base tumors.
A retrospective chart review was conducted on patients who underwent an exclusive expanded transnasal approach to the anterior skull base in the period from December 2014 to November 2015. Data on patient demographics, tumor characteristics, surgical information, imaging, and postoperative complications were collected and analyzed.
From a total of 120 patients with skull base diseases managed by the skull base team, 36 were admitted to this study. The overall complication rate in this series was 16.7%, gross total resection was achieved in 32 cases (88.9%) and postoperative CSF leakage occurred in 5 cases (13.9%).
Our preliminary results confirm that an exclusive endoscopic transnasal approach to the anterior cranial base is a reliable technique with acceptable perioperative morbidity.
Feminization of Transgender Women With Thyroid Chondroplasty and Laryngoplasty
Authors: Hammond Sarah E. , Cohen Erin , Rosow David 
Published: April 2019

Abstract
In recent years, gender affirmation surgery has broadened significantly from its previous focus on genital conformation only to include other areas of the body as well. As society reconsiders its interpretations of masculinity, femininity, and gender definitions, transgender individuals have realized that they will only be able to truly transition if they are recognized by the public in their chosen societal role. The authors review the literature and describe their own techniques for feminizing thyroid chondroplasty and laryngoplasty.
From 3D to 3D: isolation of mesenchymal stem/stromal cells into a three-dimensional human platelet lysate matrix
Authors: Egger Dominik , Oliveira Ana Catarina , Mallinger Barbara , Hemeda Hatim , Charwat Verena , Kasper Cornelia 
Published: April 2019

AbstractMesenchymal stem/stromal cells (MSCs) are considered an important candidate in cell therapy and tissue engineering approaches. The culture of stem cells in a 3D environment is known to better resemble the in vivo situation and to promote therapeutically relevant effects in isolated cells. Therefore, the aim of this study was to develop an approach for the isolation of MSCs from adipose tissue into a 3D environment. Furthermore, the use of cryoprotective medium for cryopreservation of whole adipose tissue was evaluated. For the isolation of MSCs, a novel human platelet lysate-based hydrogel was used as matrix and the migration, yield, viability and metabolic activity of cells from the 3D matrix were compared to cells from 2D explant culture. Also, the surface marker profile and differentiation capacity of MSCs from the 3D matrix were evaluated and compared to MSCs from isolation by enzymatic treatment. We found that cryopreservation of whole adipose tissue is feasible, and therefore adipose tissue can be stored and is available for MSC isolation on demand. Also, we demonstrate the isolation of MSCs into the 3D matrix and that cells from this condition display a similar phenotype and differentiation capacity like MSCs derived by traditional isolation procedure. The presented approach allows, for the first time, to isolate MSCs directly into a soft 3D hydrogel environment, avoiding any contact to a 2D plastic culture surface.Significance StatementIn this paper we present a new method for the isolation of mesenchymal stem cells. Usually, these cells grow on two-dimensional plastic surfaces which is far away from their physiologic environment. Our new method allows for the first time the direct outgrowth of cells from primary tissue into a three-dimensional environment, avoiding any contact to a two-dimensional plastic surface. In future, this will allow an entirely three-dimensional in vitro cultivation of stem cells. Using 3D isolated cells will probably also increase the physiologic relevance of in vitro models.
O-glycosylation regulates plant developmental transitions downstream of miR156
Authors: Mutanwad Krishna Vasant , Baekelandt Alexandra , Neumayer Nicole , Freitag Claudia , Zangl Isabella , Inzé Dirk , Lucyshyn Doris 
Published: April 2019

SUMMARYThe timing of plant developmental transitions is decisive for reproductive success and thus tightly regulated. The transition from juvenile to adult vegetative and later to the reproductive phase is controlled by an endogenous pathway regulated by miR156, targeting the SQUAMOSA PROMOTER BINDING PROTEIN (SBP/SPL) family of transcription factors. SPLs regulate a number of developmental processes, such as trichome formation, leaf shape and floral transition. Such complex regulatory pathways often involve post-translational modifications (PTMs), integrating a range of internal and external signals. One of these PTMs is O-glycosylation, the attachment of a single monosaccharide to serine or threonine of nuclear and cytoplasmic proteins, which is found on a number of very diverse proteins. O-GlcNAcylation is the most common type of cytosolic O-glycosylation, but in plants also O-fucose modification occurs. Here we show that mutants defective in the O-fucosyltransferase SPINDLY (SPY) show accelerated developmental transitions. Genetic analysis shows that this effect is independent of miR156 levels, but partly dependent on functional SPLs. In a phenotyping analysis, we found that SPY and SPLs also control leaf growth, as loss of function mutants showed defects in cell expansion, while SPL9 also regulates cell division in rosette leaves. Moreover, SPLs interact directly with SPY and are O-glycosylated. Our results show that O-glycosylation is involved at several steps in the regulation of developmental transitions and organ growth inArabidopsis thaliana.
Adoption and consequences of new light-fishing technology (LEDs) on Lake Tanganyika, East Africa
Authors: Mgana Huruma , Kraemer Benjamin M. , O’Reilly Catherine M. , Staehr Peter A. , Kimirei Ismael A. , Apse Colin , Leisher Craig , Ngoile Magnus , McIntyre Peter B. 
Published: April 2019

AbstractMaintaining sustainable fisheries requires understanding the influence of technological advances on catch efficiency. Fisheries using light sources for attraction could be widely impacted by the shift to light emitting diode (LED) light systems. We studied the transition from kerosene lanterns to LED lamps in Lake Tanganyika, East Africa, examining factors that led to adoption as well as the impact of the new light sources on fish catch and composition. We used a combination of field experiments with catch assessments, fisher surveys, underwater light spectra measurements, and cost assessments to evaluate the impact of switching from kerosene to LED lamps. Overall, we found a very rapid rate of adoption of homemade outdoor LED light systems in Lake Tanganyika. Most of the batteries used to power these lamps were charged from the city power grid, rather than photovoltaic cells. The LED light spectra was distinct from the kerosene light and penetrated much deeper into the water column. Regardless of light type, most of the fish caught within the two dominant species were below maturity, indicating that current fishery is not sustainable. Although the LED lamps were associated with a slight increase in catch, environmental factors, particularly distance offshore, were generally more important in determining fish catch size and composition. The main advantages of the LED lamps were the lower operating costs and their robustness in bad weather. Overall, the use of battery-powered LED lighting systems to attract fish in Lake Tanganyika appears to reduce economic costs but not contribute new impacts on the fishery.
Genome-wide CRISPR Screens Reveal Genetic Mediators of Cereblon Modulator Toxicity in Primary Effusion Lymphoma
Authors: Patil Ajinkya , Manzano Mark , Gottwein Eva 
Published: April 2019

AbstractGenome-wide CRISPR/Cas9 screens represent a powerful approach to study mechanisms of drug action and resistance. Cereblon modulating agents (CMs) have recently emerged as candidates for therapeutic intervention in primary effusion lymphoma (PEL), a highly aggressive cancer caused by Kaposi’s sarcoma-associated herpesvirus. CMs bind to cereblon (CRBN), the substrate receptor of the cullin-RING type E3 ubiquitin ligase CRL4CRBN, and thereby trigger the acquisition and proteasomal degradation of neosubstrates. Downstream mechanisms of CM toxicity are incompletely understood, however. To identify novel CM effectors and mechanisms of CM resistance, we performed positive selection CRISPR screens using three CMs with increasing toxicity in PEL: lenalidomide (LEN), pomalidomide (POM), and CC-122. Results identified several novel modulators of the activity of CRL4CRBN. The number of genes whose inactivation confers resistance decreases with increasing CM efficacy. Only inactivation of CRBN conferred complete resistance to CC-122. Inactivation of the E2 ubiquitin conjugating enzyme UBE2G1 also conferred robust resistance against LEN and POM. Inactivation of additional genes, including the Nedd8-specific protease SENP8, conferred resistance to only LEN. SENP8 inactivation indirectly increased levels of unneddylated CUL4A/B, which limits CRL4CRBNactivity in a dominant negative manner. Accordingly, sensitivity of SENP8-inactivated cells to LEN is restored by overexpression of CRBN. In sum, our screens identify several novel players in CRL4CRBNfunction and define pathways to CM resistance in PEL. These results provide rationale for increasing CM efficacy upon patient relapse from a less efficient CM. Identified genes could finally be developed as biomarkers to predict CM efficacy in PEL and other cancers.Key PointsGenome-wide CRISPR/Cas9 screens identify novel mediators of resistance to lenalidomide, pomalidomide and CC-122 in PEL cells.UBE2G1 and SENP8 are modulators of CRL4CRBNand their inactivation drives resistance to CMs in PEL-derived cell lines.