bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Effectiveness of Ambulatory Telemedicine Care in Older Adults: A Systematic Review
Authors: Batsis John A. , DiMilia Peter R. , Seo Lillian M. , Fortuna Karen L. , Kennedy Meaghan A. , Blunt Heather B. , Bagley Pamela J. , Brooks Jessica , Brooks Emma , Kim Soo Yeon , Masutani Rebecca K. , Bruce Martha L. , Bartels Stephen J. 
Published: May 2019

BACKGROUNDDisparities in healthcare access and delivery, caused by transportation and health workforce difficulties, negatively impact individuals living in rural areas. These challenges are especially prominent in older adults.DESIGNWe systematically evaluated the feasibility, acceptability, and effectiveness in providing telemedicine (TMed), searching the English‐language literature for studies (January 2012 to July 2018) in the following databases: Medline (PubMed); Cochrane Library (Wiley); Web of Science; CINAHL; EMBASE (Ovid); and PsycINFO (EBSCO).PARTICIPANTSOlder adults (mean age = 65 years or older, and none were younger than 60 years).INTERVENTIONSInterventions consisted of live, synchronous, two‐way videoconferencing communication in nonhospital settings. All medical interventions were included.MEASUREMENTSQuality assessment, using the Cochrane Collaboration's Risk‐of‐Bias Tool, was applied on all included articles, including a qualitative summary of all articles.RESULTSOf 6616 citations, we reviewed the full text of 1173 articles, excluding 1047 that did not meet criteria. Of the 17 randomized controlled trials, the United States was the country with the most trials (6 [35%]), with cohort sizes ranging from 3 to 844 (median = 35) participants. Risk of bias among included studies varied from low to high. Our qualitative analysis suggests that TMed can improve health outcomes in older adults and that it could be used in this population.CONCLUSIONSTMed is feasible and acceptable in delivering care to older adults. Research should focus on well‐designed randomized trials to overcome the high degree of bias observed in our synthesis. Clinicians should consider using TMed in routine practice to overcome barriers of distance and access to care. J Am Geriatr Soc 67:1737–1749, 2019
Improved patient satisfaction 2 years after introducing person‐centred handover in an oncological inpatient care setting
Authors: Kullberg Anna , Sharp Lena , Johansson Hemming , Brandberg Yvonne , Bergenmar Mia 
Published: May 2019

AbstractAims and objectivesTo investigate patients’ satisfaction with care, 2 years after the introduction of person‐centred handover (PCH) in an oncological inpatient setting, and to describe patients’ perceptions of individualised care.BackgroundTo obtain higher levels of patient satisfaction, bedside nursing handovers have been evaluated with positive results. One such model is PCH, which blends aspects of person‐centred care with the bedside report and provides the opportunity for nursing staff and patients to perform the handover together.DesignA survey‐based design was used with one data collection period. Patient satisfaction scores were compared with baseline data from a previous study that has been conducted in the same wards.MethodPatient satisfaction was measured with the EORTC IN‐PATSAT32 questionnaire, and individualised care was assessed with the Individualized Care Scale. A total of 120 adult patients with cancer were invited to participate from August 2017–March 2018. Of these, 90 chose to participate. The STROBE checklist for cross‐sectional studies was used when preparing the paper.ResultsCompared to the previous study, statistically significant improvements in patient satisfaction were observed in the subscales “Exchange of information between caregivers” and “Nurses’ information provision” postimplementation of PCH. Regarding patients’ perceptions of individualised care, the highest scores were in the ICS‐A subscale “Clinical situation” and ICS‐B “Decisional control,” while “Personal life situation” scored the lowest overall.ConclusionsPerson‐centred handover seems to have sustainable positive effects on important outcomes regarding patient satisfaction. A novel finding is the positive impact on nurses’ information provision, indicating that PCH can facilitate effective information exchange between patients and nurses.Relevance to clinical practicePerson‐centred handover seems to improve patients’ satisfaction with nurses’ provision and exchange of information. Nurses and managers should carefully consider the implementation process of PCH and evaluate its long‐term effects. PCH can be recommended in the oncology inpatient setting.
The mediating and moderating effects of meaning in life on the relationship between depression and quality of life in patients with dysphagia
Authors: Kim Ju‐Yeun , Lee Young Whee , Kim Hwa‐Soon , Lee Eun‐Hyun 
Published: May 2019

AbstractAims and objectivesTo identify whether meaning in life has moderating and mediating effects on the relationship between depression and quality of life in patients with dysphagia.BackgroundDysphagic patients typically have multidimensional problems, such as depression, which can negatively influence their quality of life. Meaning in life, therefore, can be used as a psychological resource that may enhance quality of life for these patients.DesignA descriptive cross‐sectional research design was used.MethodsNinety patients with dysphagia were recruited for a survey from eight general and rehabilitation hospitals in Korea. The questionnaires, which included the Korean version of the Swallowing Quality of Life scale developed by Cha, the Center for Epidemiological Studies‐Depression Scale developed by Radloff, and the Purpose in Life test developed by Crumbaugh and Maholick, were used for data collection. Descriptive statistics, Hayes' PROCESS macro and Cronbach's alpha were used for data analyses.ResultsMeaning in life was found to mediate the relationship between depression and quality of life in patients with dysphagia. However, the index of moderation was not statistically significant, which mean that meaning in life did not moderate the relationship between the patients' depression and quality of life.ConclusionsMeaning in life had a mediating effect on the relationship between depression and quality of life in patients with dysphagia. Thus, to improve the quality of life of patients with dysphagia, nurses should apply interventions to help them find meaning in life.Relevance to clinical practiceMeaning in life can be used as a nursing intervention strategy to improve the quality of life for patients living with dysphagia and depression.
Optimization of a Multifrequency Magnetic Resonance Elastography Protocol for the Human Brain
Authors: Kurt Mehmet , Wu Lyndia , Laksari Kaveh , Ozkaya Efe , Suar Zeynep M. , Lv Han , Epperson Karla , Epperson Kevin , Sawyer Anne M. , Camarillo David , Pauly Kim Butts , Wintermark Max 
Published: May 2019

ABSTRACTBACKGROUND AND PURPOSEThe brain's stiffness measurements from magnetic resonance elastography (MRE) strongly depend on actuation frequencies, which makes cross‐study comparisons challenging. We performed a preliminary study to acquire optimal sets of actuation frequencies to accurately obtain rheological parameters for the whole brain (WB), white matter (WM), and gray matter (GM).METHODSSix healthy volunteers aged between 26 and 72 years old went through MRE with a modified single‐shot spin‐echo echo planar imaging pulse sequence embedded with motion encoding gradients on a 3T scanner. Frequency‐independent brain material properties and best‐fit material model were determined from the frequency‐dependent brain tissue response data (20 ‐80 Hz), by comparing four different linear viscoelastic material models (Maxwell, Kelvin‐Voigt, Springpot, and Zener). During the material fitting, spatial averaging of complex shear moduli (G*) obtained under single actuation frequency was performed, and then rheological parameters were acquired. Since clinical scan time is limited, a combination of three actuation frequencies that would provide the most accurate approximation and lowest fitting error was determined for WB, WM, and GM by optimizing for the lowest Bayesian information criterion (BIC).RESULTSBIC scores for the Zener and Springpot models showed these models approximate the multifrequency response of the tissue best. The best‐fit frequency combinations for the reference Zener and Springpot models were identified to be 30‐60‐70 and 30‐40‐80 Hz, respectively, for the WB.CONCLUSIONSOptimal sets of actuation frequencies to accurately obtain rheological parameters for WB, WM, and GM were determined from shear moduli measurements obtained via 3‐dimensional direct inversion. We believe that our study is a first‐step in developing a region‐specific multifrequency MRE protocol for the human brain.
The Significance of Person‐Centered Care for Satisfaction With Care and Well‐Being Among Informal Caregivers of Persons With Severe Intellectual Disability
Authors: Hakobyan Liana , Nieboer Anna P. , Finkenflügel Harry , Cramm Jane M. 
Published: May 2019

AbstractPerson‐centered care (PCC) delivery and co‐creation of care (establishing productive patient‐professional interaction) are expected to lead to better patient outcomes. Given the prominent role of informal caregivers in care delivery processes to persons with intellectual disabilities (PWID), they are expected to benefit from person‐centered care (PCC) and co‐creation of care as well. This study aims to identify the relationship between PCC, co‐creation of care and outcomes among informal caregivers of PWID. A cross‐sectional survey was conducted in 2015 among informal caregivers of PWID (45.8% parents, 44.1% siblings, 10.1% other family member). All PWID were living in residential homes of a long‐term care organization in the Eastern part of the Netherlands. For every PWID, the most important informal caregiver was invited to participate. Nine hundred and forty‐one invitations were sent out and 289 of them responded (31% response rate). Mean age of informal caregivers was 61.80 (SD 11.21; range 23–90) years old. About half of the respondents (55%) were female and 23% were single. Most of the respondents (83%) were providing informal care for more than 10 years and 29% provided informal care for 8 hours per week or more. Correlation analyses indicated that PCC and co‐creation of care were positively related to informal caregivers' satisfaction with care and their own well‐being. Regression analyses showed that PCC is associated with satisfaction with care (β = 0.60, p < 0.001) and well‐being (β = 0.22, p < 0.01) while controlling for background characteristics. Relational co‐creation was also positively associated with satisfaction with care (β = 0.15, p < 0.01) and well‐being (β = 0.20, p < 0.01). This study provided the first empirical evidence that PCC and co‐creation of care matter for satisfaction with care and the well‐being of informal caregivers of PWID.
Anxiety and depression in irritable bowel syndrome: Exploring the interaction with other symptoms and pathophysiology using multivariate analyses
Authors: Midenfjord Irina , Polster Annikka , Sjövall Henrik , Törnblom Hans , Simrén Magnus 
Published: May 2019

AbstractBackgroundAnxiety or depression, in other words, psychological distress, are common comorbidities in patients with irritable bowel syndrome (IBS), but their interaction with pathophysiological factors and other symptoms are unclear.MethodsPatients with IBS (Rome III criteria), thoroughly characterized regarding pathophysiology (colonic transit time, visceral sensitivity, and autonomic nervous system [ANS] function), symptom profile (IBS severity, somatic symptoms, gastrointestinal [GI]‐specific anxiety and fatigue), and quality of life, were explored for differences regarding pathophysiology and symptoms between patients with and without reported psychological distress in univariate and multivariate analyses (Principal Component Analysis [PCA] with Hotelling's T2 and Orthogonal Partial Least Squares‐Discriminant Analysis [OPLS‐DA]).Key ResultsWhen using Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale score ≥8 as cut‐off score, including both borderline and clinically significant cases, 345 (44.9%) out of 769 IBS patients reported anxiety, and 198 (25.7%) depression. In univariate analyses, patients reporting psychological distress demonstrated more severe GI and non‐GI symptoms, fatigue, GI‐specific anxiety and lower quality of life, and differences for some pathophysiological measures. IBS patients with and without reported psychological distress showed significant differences between the multivariate means in symptom reporting (PCA; both P < 0.001), and in pathophysiological measures in patients with and without anxiety (P = 0.018). Visceral hypersensitivity, altered ANS function, more severe GI‐specific anxiety, fatigue, and higher somatic non‐GI symptoms were the factors that most strongly separated patients with and without psychological distress (OPLS‐DA).Conclusions and InferencesReported anxiety and depression are common in IBS patients, and our study demonstrates that they are interwoven in the complex pathophysiological and clinical picture of IBS.
No local adaptation in leaf or stem xylem vulnerability to embolism, but consistent vulnerability segmentation in a North American oak
Authors: Skelton Robert P. , Anderegg Leander D. L. , Papper Prahlad , Reich Emma , Dawson Todd E. , Kling Matthew , Thompson Sally E. , Diaz Jessica , Ackerly David D. 
Published: May 2019

Summary

Vulnerability to embolism varies between con‐generic species distributed along aridity gradients, yet little is known about intraspecific variation and its drivers. Even less is known about intraspecific variation in tissues other than stems, despite results suggesting that roots, stems and leaves can differ in vulnerability. We hypothesized that intraspecific variation in vulnerability in leaves and stems is adaptive and driven by aridity.

We quantified leaf and stem vulnerability of Quercus douglasii using the optical technique. To assess contributions of genetic variation and phenotypic plasticity to within‐species variation, we quantified the vulnerability of individuals growing in a common garden, but originating from populations along an aridity gradient, as well as individuals from the same wild populations.

Intraspecific variation in water potential at which 50% of total embolism in a tissue is observed (P50) was explained mostly by differences between individuals (&gt;66% of total variance) and tissues (16%). There was little between‐population variation in leaf/stem P50 in the garden, which was not related to site of origin aridity. Unexpectedly, we observed a positive relationship between wild individual stem P50 and aridity.

Although there is no local adaptation and only minor phenotypic plasticity in leaf/stem vulnerability in Q. douglasii, high levels of potentially heritable variation within populations or strong environmental selection could contribute to adaptive responses under future climate change.
Neighbour signals perceived by phytochrome B increase thermotolerance in Arabidopsis
Authors: Arico Denise , Legris Martina , Castro Luciana , Garcia Carlos Fernando , Laino Aldana , Casal Jorge José , Mazzella Maria Agustina 
Published: May 2019

AbstractDue to the preeminence of reductionist approaches, understanding of plant responses to combined stresses is limited. We speculated that light‐quality signals of neighbouring vegetation might increase susceptibility to heat shocks because shade reduces tissue temperature and hence the likeness of heat shocks. In contrast, plants of Arabidopsis thaliana grown under low‐red/far‐red ratios typical of shade were less damaged by heat stress than plants grown under simulated sunlight. Neighbour signals reduce the activity of phytochrome B (phyB), increasing the abundance of PHYTOCHROME‐INTERACTING FACTORS (PIFs). The phyB mutant showed high tolerance to heat stress even under simulated sunlight, and a pif multiple mutant showed low tolerance under simulated shade. phyB and red/far‐red ratio had no effects on seedlings acclimated with nonstressful warm temperatures before the heat shock. The phyB mutant showed reduced expression of several fatty acid desaturase (FAD) genes and less proportion of fully unsaturated fatty acids and electrolyte leakage of membranes exposed to heat shocks. Red‐light‐activated phyB also reduced thermotolerance of dark‐grown seedlings but not via changes in FADs expression and membrane stability. We propose that the reduced photosynthetic capacity linked to thermotolerant membranes would be less costly under shade, where the light input limits photosynthesis.
The Medication Level Variability Index (MLVI) as a potential predictive biomarker of graft‐versus‐host disease in pediatric hematopoietic stem cell transplant patients
Authors: Skeens Micah A. , Dietrich Mary S. , Ryan‐Wenger Nancy , Gilmer Mary Jo , Mulvaney Shelagh A. , Akard Terrah Foster 
Published: May 2019

AbstractThe purpose of this study was to examine the potential predictive value of the Medication Level Variability Index (MLVI) biomarker with graft‐versus‐host disease (GVHD) in the pediatric hematopoietic stem cell transplant (HSCT) patient during the acute phase post‐transplant. This retrospective descriptive study evaluated a total of 406 tacrolimus levels in 64 patients over a varying number of weeks per participant (median = 8, min = 3, max = 11). Patients were followed until Day 100 post‐transplant or tacrolimus taper began. A total of 72 episodes of non‐therapeutic levels occurred during the acute phase. Of those, 40 (56%) were <5, while 32 (44%) were >15. Approximately 39% (n = 25 of 64) of the participants in the study developed GVHD post‐discharge. Those with GVHD had a statistically significantly higher MLVI than those that did not (median = 3.1, IQR = 2.5‐4.7 vs 2.3, IQR = 1.6‐3.4, respectively, P = 0.024). Using a criterion of MLVI > 3, there was a statistically significant increased likelihood of GVHD (OR = 3.82, 95% CI=1.32 = 11.04, P = 0.013). Area under the curve (AUC) calculation for the sensitivity and specificity of using the MLVI for GVHD was also conducted. The AUC of 0.67 was statistically significant (95% CI 0.53‐0.81, P = 0.024). This is the first‐known study to report the use of the MLVI in HSCT patients. The MLVI is associated with a main adverse outcome related to HSCT, GVHD. These results are encouraging of a new potential biomarker to evaluate tacrolimus serum assay levels and identify patients at risk for developing GVHD.
Non‐standard criteria donors in pediatric kidney transplantation
Authors: Pereira Luiza do Nascimento Ghizoni , Nogueira Paulo Cesar Koch 
Published: May 2019

AbstractKT remains the treatment of choice for ESRD in children. However, the demand for kidney transplants continues to outstrip supply, even in the pediatric scenario. We reviewed the applicability of nonSCDs for pediatric KT. There is a lack of studies analyzing this modality among pediatric donors and recipients, where most conclusions are based on predictions from adult data. Nevertheless, marginal donors might be a reasonable option in selected cases. For example, the use of older LDs is an acceptable option, with outcomes comparable to SCDs. Organs donated after cardiac death represent another possibility, albeit with logistic, ethical, and legal limitations in some countries. AKI donors also constitute an option in special situations, although there are no pediatric data on these transplants. Likewise, there are no data on the use of expanded criteria donors in pediatric patients, but this appears not to be a good option, considering the compromised long‐term survival.
Similarities and differences in the correlates of comorbidities in US male and female adult cancer survivors
Authors: Park So‐Hyun , Strauss Shiela M. 
Published: May 2019

AbstractObjectivesTo determine both the common and the sex‐specific correlates of comorbidities in adult male and female cancer survivors.DesignCross‐sectional study using the 2009–2014 National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES).SampleMale (n = 667) and female (n = 772) cancer survivors 20 years of age and older.MeasurementsQuestionnaire responses from NHANES provided data for this study. Comorbidities were assessed using a modified Charlson Comorbidity Index (CCI). Bivariate and multivariate linear regression analyses were conducted to identify correlates of comorbidities in male and female cancer survivors separately.ResultsThe mean modified CCI score was 3.88 in males and 3.68 in females. Having a greater number of cancers diagnosed, being currently or formerly married, being physically inactive, having lower socioeconomic status, and being a former smoker were significant correlates of comorbidities in both males and females. Having a prostate cancer diagnosis was also a significant correlate of comorbidities in males. White race, more years since first cancer diagnosis, being overweight or obese, and having no more than a high school education were also significant correlates of comorbidities in females.ConclusionsThere are differences between correlates of comorbidities in male and female cancer survivors.
Photodamage and Photoprotection: An In vivo Approach Using Noninvasive Probes
Authors: Nawaz Mehwish , Khan Haji Muhammad Shoaib , Akhtar Naveed , Jamshed Talha , Qaiser Rubina , Shoukat Hina , Farooq Mehrin 
Published: May 2019

AbstractSolar radiations trigger the physiological alteration in skin which progress toward photoaging. Sunscreens are known to be effective against the photodamaging effects of sunlight. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the extent to which aging signs caused by real‐life sunlight exposure could be avoided by comparing various parameters between sun‐exposed and sun‐protected skin using noninvasive probes. Female volunteers (n = 11) after getting their consent were provided with marketed sunscreen product to apply onto their skin for 6 months. Measurements were scheduled every 15 days from the baseline reading for 6 months. Cutometer, Mexameter and Corneometer were used for evaluation of facial skin parameters. Clinical evaluations showed the effects of sunlight exposure on different skin parameters by comparing sun‐protected and unprotected skin, where Gross elasticity (R2), Net elasticity (R5), Viscoelasticity (R6) and Biological elasticity (R7) showed insignificant results, while Hydration, Melanin and Erythema showed significant results. Sun‐exposed skin presented 0.72%, 0.66%, 0.77%, 1.39%, 1.99%, 2.01% and 3.15% changes in R2, R5, R6 and R7, melanin, erythema and hydration, respectively, which were potentially prevented by sunscreen application. Premature aging is inhibited by following photoprotective regimen on routine basis, emphasizing the potential benefit of sunscreen against early aging signs.