bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Full-state-constrained intelligent adaptive control for nonlinear systems with unmodeled dynamics and mismatched disturbances
Authors: Yin Y. , Ning X. , Wang Z. , Li R. 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
This paper develops a novel full-state-constrained intelligent adaptive control (FIAC) scheme for a class of uncertain nonlinear systems under full state constraints, unmodeled dynamics and external disturbances. The key point of the proposed scheme is to appropriately suppress and compensate for unmodeled dynamics that are coupled with other states of the system under the conditions of various disturbances and full state constraints. Firstly, to guarantee that the time-varying asymmetric full state constraints are obeyed, a simple and valid nonlinear error transformation method has been proposed, which can simplify the constrained control problem of the system states into a bounded control problem of the transformed states. Secondly, considering the coupling relationship between the unmodeled dynamics and other states of the controlled system such as system states and control inputs, a decoupling approach for coupling uncertainties is introduced. Thereafter, owing to the employed dynamic signal and bias radial basis function neural network (BIAS-RBFNN) improved on traditional RBFNN, the adverse effects of unmodeled dynamics on the controlled system can be suppressed appropriately. Furthermore, the matched and mismatched disturbances are reasonably estimated and circumvented by a mathematical inequality and a disturbance observer, respectively. Finally, numerical simulations are provided to demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed FIAC strategy.
Preparing for the Future Pandemic: Impact of Individual and Occupational Factors on Paramedics’ Mental Health
Authors: Celen Ozge , Şimsek Zeynep 
Published: December 2024

Abstract

Objectives
The mental health of paramedics is critical for disaster response in order to provide rapid and effective interventions. This study aimed to determine the prevalence of post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) and related individual and occupational factors in Turkish paramedics during the eleventh month of the COVID-19 pandemic.

Methods
The “Sociodemographic Information Form,” “Life Events Checklist,” and “Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder Checklist” were used to collect data from 440 randomly selected paramedics in this cross-sectional study.

Results
The prevalence of PTSD was 59.8% in the 11th month of the COVID-19 pandemic. Multiple regression analysis revealed that approximately 25% of the total PTSD score could be independently explained by paramedics’ general health situation and sociodemographic characteristics; 27% by crisis management skills, long working hours, a lack of equipment, and intensive work; and 40% by past traumatic experiences due to difficult life events during their professional practice, such as responding to gunshot wounds, becoming a victim of a gunshot attack, or sexual assault (P < 0.05).

Conclusions
Integrating a mental health monitoring system into the health and safety program, providing paramedics with supervision and psychological assistance, and engaging them in disaster preparedness planning would be beneficial.
Exposure to Seismic Hazard in a High-Complexity Hospital in Cali, Colombia
Authors: Estrella-Villarreal Camilo , Ospina-Ostios Lina , Díaz-Tamayo Alejandra 
Published: December 2024

Abstract

Objectives
The project aimed to characterize the exposure to seismic hazard in the emergency area of a high-complexity hospital in Cali, Colombia.

Methods
The occupancy of the emergency area was analyzed over 6 months, determining the value of material elements exposed to the seismic hazard. Four phases were executed: search for pre-existing information, occupancy analysis, evaluation of exposed assets, and results analysis. The information was analyzed using a Geographic Information System (GIS), which allowed the visualization of demographic behavior in different locations and times.

Results
The results confirmed that the seismic hazard is high, exacerbated by local geomechanical characteristics. It was observed that the average occupancy of most studied areas exceeded capacity. The value of the exposed assets was estimated at COP 3 221 008 640 (USD 959 844.76), the demolition value at COP 10 582 770 000 (USD 3 153 613.49), and the reconstruction value at COP 30 293 640 275 (USD 9 027 356.03). In the worst-case scenario, the losses were equivalent to 12.4% of the hospital’s annual budget.

Conclusions
The data allow the hospital to take preventive measures and educate the staff to identify and mitigate critical areas. It also contributes to the knowledge of the approximate value of economic losses and the impact of potential human losses.
Unlocking the potential of miRNAs in detecting pulmonary tuberculosis: prospects and pitfalls
Authors: Arya Rakesh , Kumar Surendra , Vinetz Joseph M. , Kim Jong Joo , Chaurasia Reetika 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
Tuberculosis (TB) is one of the deadliest infectious diseases globally, ranking as 13th leading cause of mortality and morbidity. According to the Global Tuberculosis Report 2022, TB claimed the lives of 1.6 million people worldwide in 2021. Among the casualties, 1 870 000 individuals with HIV co-infections contributed to 6.7% of the total fatalities, accounting TB as the second most lethal infectious disease following COVID-19. In the quest to identify biomarkers for disease progression and anti-TB therapy, microRNAs (miRNAs) have gained attention due to their precise regulatory role in gene expression in disease stages and their ability to distinguish latent and active TB, enabling the development of early TB prognostic signatures. miRNAs are stable in biological fluids and therefore will be useful for non-invasive and broad sample collection. However, their inherent lack of specificity and experimental variations may lead to false-positive outcomes. These limitations can be overcome by integrating standard protocols with machine learning, presenting a novel tool for TB diagnostics and therapeutics. This review summarizes, discusses and highlights the potential of miRNAs as a biomarker, particularly their differential expression at disease stages. The review assesses the advantages and obstacles associated with miRNA-based diagnostic biomarkers in pulmonary TB and facilitates rapid, point-of-care testing.
Assessing ADHD prevalence and comorbidities in the United States: Insights from the Substance Abuse and Mental Health Services (SAMHSA) data
Authors: Patil Mahie , Konda Sanjana , Ganti Latha 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
This study analyzes 2022 data from SAMHSA’s Mental Health Client-Level Data (MH-CLD) to investigate ADHD prevalence and comorbidity. The findings reveal that 10.70% of the 5,899,698 patients were diagnosed with ADHD, indicating a high demand for targeted resources. ADHD prevalence declines with age, highest in children aged 0–11, and decreases with educational attainment, emphasizing the need for early intervention. Employment challenges are significant, with the highest ADHD prevalence among those not in the labor force. Racial disparities show Black individuals have the highest ADHD rates (9.71%) and Asian individuals the lowest (5.05%). Geographic differences indicate higher prevalence in the Midwest and South. Gender disparities and marital status also influence prevalence, with males and never-married individuals showing higher rates. ADHD shows strong comorbidity with oppositional defiant disorder, pervasive developmental disorder/autism spectrum disorder and conduct disorder. Effective ADHD management requires collaborative efforts from educators, employers, healthcare providers and policymakers to create supportive environments and tailored approaches considering demographic variables, comorbid conditions and socioeconomic factors.
Beyond the foreign language effect: unravelling the impact of l2 proficiency on rationality
Authors: Purpuri Silvia , Vasta Nicola , Filippi Roberto , Treccani Barbara , Wei Li , Mulatti Claudio 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
This study investigated the impact of reading statements in a second language (L2) versus the first language (L1) on core knowledge confusion (CKC), superstition, and conspiracy beliefs. Previous research on the Foreign Language Effect (FLE) suggests that using an L2 elicits less intense emotional reactions, promotes rational decision-making, reduces risk aversion, causality bias and superstition alters the perception of dishonesty and crime, and increases tolerance of ambiguity. Our results do not support the expected FLE and found instead an effect of L2 proficiency: Participants with lower proficiency exhibited more CKC, were more superstitious and believed more in conspiracy theories, regardless of whether they were tested in L1 or L2. The study emphasises the importance of considering L2 proficiency when investigating the effect of language on decision-making and judgements: It—or related factors—may influence how material is judged, contributing to the FLE, or even creating an artificial effect.
Mesozoic Evolution of the Southeastern Tibetan Plateau From Sediment Provenance of the Qamdo Basin: Implications for Proto‐Plateau Development
Authors: Shang Fei , Weislogel Amy , Robinson Delores , Jackson William 
Published: December 2024

AbstractProvenance analysis of the Qamdo basin reveals convergent tectonic evolution of the southeastern Tibetan plateau region from initiation as a Late Triassic foreland basin to a final phase as a Cretaceous intermontane basin. Sandstone composition and detrital zircon ages consistently reflect recycled sedimentary sources throughout the Mesozoic, with only minor evidence for contributions from magmatic sources. Detrital zircon with Mesozoic ages are rare (≲10% of all ages), with no <160 Ma zircon observed; instead detrital zircon ages form five main age populations (230–330 Ma; 400–500 Ma; 650–1,200 Ma; 1,600–2,100 Ma and 2,400–2,600 Ma). These results indicate that during Late Triassic‐Early Jurassic time, sediment was transported from sources in the Yidun terrane across the Jinsha suture into the Qamdo depocenter as it formed a south‐facing foreland basin. Middle‐Upper Jurassic strata of the central Qamdo basin record local input from volcanic arcs of the Bangong‐Nujiang suture zone as the Meso‐Tethys ocean closed and a north‐facing foreland developed in the Qamdo region. The youngest Cretaceous deposits reflect coarse‐grained alluvial deposition synchronous with development of east‐vergent growth‐strata, reflecting intermontane basin formation resulting from inboard stress transmitted from closure of Neo‐Tethys oceanic lithosphere due to convergence with the Lhasa block. By this time, the Qamdo basin region was a high‐standing depocenter developed within orogenic uplands that preceded formation of the high topography of the “Lhasaplano,” and is consistent with models suggesting proto‐plateau formation prior to Himalayan orogenesis.
Iron Oxidation in the Nitrogenous Oxygen Deficient Zone of the Eastern Tropical North Pacific Ocean
Authors: Bolster Kenneth M. , Moffett James W. 
Published: December 2024

AbstractOxygen deficient zones (ODZs) contain elevated concentrations of dissolved, reduced iron (Fe(II)), presumably sourced from shelf sediments. As that Fe(II) is transported offshore, it is oxidized and scavenged to the continental slope. The redox reactions involved and their influence on transport are poorly constrained. Here, the in situ oxidation of Fe(II) by nitrate and or nitrite and incorporation into iron oxyhydroxides was studied in a free floating sediment trap array in the Eastern Tropical North Pacific ODZ. Particle‐dependent Fe(II) half‐lives ranged from 43 to 132 days, with the slowest rates at each station within the core of the ODZ. The very slowest rates were at an offshore station with the lowest Fe(II) concentrations. We conclude that iron oxidation in this region is likely a microbially driven process. An inverse model described the characteristic distribution of Fe(II) within ODZs by coupling a benthic source with our oxidation rate data. While oxidation was assumed to be first order with respect to Fe(II), apparent second order kinetics yielded the best fit, presumably because microbial Fe(II) oxidizer abundance is proportional to Fe(II) concentration. The fit was also improved by incorporating an Fe(II) source within the ODZ from remineralization of sinking particles. While this source was at odds with thermodynamics in a nitrate‐dominated regime, we showed that Fe(II) production occurs in anaerobic, nitrate‐replete mesocosm, provided that large particles are present. Such particles may harbor nitrate‐depleted microenvironments that create conditions thermodynamically favorable for iron reduction. These experiments provided a justification for incorporating a remineralization term into the model.
GRIM-19-mediated induction of mitochondrial STAT3 alleviates systemic sclerosis by inhibiting fibrosis and Th2/Th17 cells
Authors: Jeong Ha Yeon , Park Jin-Sil , Choi Jeong Won , Lee Kun Hee , Yang Seung Cheon , Kang Hye Yeon , Cho Sang Hee , Lee Seon-Yeong , Lee A Ram , Park Youngjae , Park Sung-Hwan , Cho Mi-La 
Published: December 2024

AbstractThe gene associated with the retinoid–IFN-induced mortality-19 (GRIM-19) protein is a regulator of a cell death regulatory protein that inhibits STAT3, which is a critical transcription factor for interleukin (IL)-17-producing T (Th17) cells and a key integrator of extracellular matrix accumulation in systemic sclerosis (SSc). This protein is also a component of mitochondrial complex I, where it directly binds to STAT3 and recruits STAT3 to the mitochondria via the mitochondrial importer Tom20. In this study, the role of GRIM19 and its relationship with STAT3 in SSc development was investigated using a murine model of SSc. We observed a decrease in the level of GRIM-19 in the lesional skin of mice with bleomycin-induced SSc, which was negatively correlated with the level of STAT3. Overexpression of GRIM-19 reduced dermal thickness and fibrosis and the frequency of Th2 and Th17 cells in SSc mice. Mitophagic dysfunction promoted fibrosis in mice lacking PINK1, which is a mitophagy inducer. In an in vitro system, the overexpression of GRIM-19 increased the level of mitochondrial STAT3 (mitoSTAT3), induced mitophagy, and alleviated fibrosis progression. MitoSTAT3 overexpression hindered the development of bleomycin-induced SSc by reducing fibrosis. These results suggest that GRIM-19 is an effective therapeutic target for alleviating the development of SSc by increasing mitophagy.
Chemical exposomics in biobanked plasma samples and associations with breast cancer risk factors
Authors: Edlund Jessica , Sdougkou Kalliroi , Papazian Stefano , Wu Wendy Yi-Ying , Martin Jonathan W. , Harlid Sophia 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
Background
The chemical exposome includes exposure to numerous environmental and endogenous molecules, many of which have been linked to reproductive outcomes due to their endocrine-disrupting properties. As several breast cancer risk factors, including age and parity, are related to reproduction, it is imperative to investigate the interplay between such factors and the chemical exposome prior to conducting large scale exposome-based breast cancer studies.

Objective
This pilot study aimed to provide an overview of the chemical exposome in plasma samples from healthy women and identify associations between environmental exposures and three risk factors for breast cancer: age, parity, and age at menarche.

Material and methods
Plasma samples (n = 161), were selected based on reproductive history from 100 women participating in the Northern Sweden Health and Disease Study, between 1987 and 2006. Samples were analyzed by liquid chromatography high-resolution mass spectrometry (LC-HRMS) for 77 priority target analytes including contaminants and hormones, with simultaneous untargeted profiling of the chemical exposome and metabolome. Linear mixed effects models were applied to test associations between risk factors and chemical levels.

Results
Fifty-five target analytes were detected in at least one individual and over 94,000 untargeted features were detected across all samples. Among untargeted features, 430 could be annotated and were broadly classified as environmental (246), endogenous (167) or ambiguous (17). Applying mixed effect models to features detected in at least 70% of the samples (16,778), we found seven targeted analytes (including caffeine and various per- and poly-fluoroalkyl substances) and 38 untargeted features, positively associated with age. The directionality of these associations reversed for parity, decreasing with increasing births. Seven separate targeted analytes were associated with age at menarche.

Significance
This study demonstrates how a comprehensive chemical exposome approach can be used to inform future research prioritization regarding associations between known and unknown substances, reproduction, and breast cancer risk.

Impact statement

This study illustrates how chemical exposomics of long-term stored blood samples offers valuable insights to discover chemical exposures and their potential links to disease in humans, particularly those related to reproduction and breast cancer risk factors.
Enhanced osteogenic potential of iPSC-derived mesenchymal progenitor cells following genome editing of GWAS variants in the RUNX1 gene
Authors: Khan Nazir M. , Wilderman Andrea , Kaiser Jarred M. , Kamalakar Archana , Goudy Steven L. , Cotney Justin , Drissi Hicham 
Published: December 2024

AbstractRecent genome-wide association studies (GWAS) identified 518 significant loci associated with bone mineral density (BMD), including variants at the RUNX1 locus (rs13046645, rs2834676, and rs2834694). However, their regulatory impact on RUNX1 expression and bone formation remained unclear. This study utilized human induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) differentiated into osteoblasts to investigate these variants’ regulatory roles. CRISPR/Cas9 was employed to generate mutant (Δ) iPSC lines lacking these loci at the RUNX1 locus. Deletion lines (Δ1 and Δ2) were created in iPSCs to assess the effects of removing regions containing these loci. Deletion lines exhibited enhanced osteogenic potential, with increased expression of osteogenic marker genes and Alizarin Red staining. Circularized chromosome conformation capture (4C-Seq) was utilized to analyze interactions between BMD-associated loci and the RUNX1 promoter during osteogenesis. Analysis revealed altered chromatin interactions with multiple gene promoters including RUNX1 isoform, as well as SETD4, a histone methyltransferase, indicating their regulatory influence. Interestingly, both deletion lines notably stimulated the expression of the long isoform of RUNX1, with more modest effects on the shorter isoform. Consistent upregulation of SETD4 and other predicted targets within the Δ2 deletion suggested its removal removed a regulatory hub constraining expression of multiple genes at this locus. In vivo experiments using a bone defect model in mice demonstrated increased bone regeneration with homozygous deletion of the Δ2 region. These findings indicate that BMD-associated variants within the RUNX1 locus regulate multiple effector genes involved in osteoblast commitment, providing valuable insights into genetic regulation of bone density and potential therapeutic targets.
Crystal structure generation with autoregressive large language modeling
Authors: Antunes Luis M. , Butler Keith T. , Grau-Crespo Ricardo 
Published: December 2024

AbstractThe generation of plausible crystal structures is often the first step in predicting the structure and properties of a material from its chemical composition. However, most current methods for crystal structure prediction are computationally expensive, slowing the pace of innovation. Seeding structure prediction algorithms with quality generated candidates can overcome a major bottleneck. Here, we introduce CrystaLLM, a methodology for the versatile generation of crystal structures, based on the autoregressive large language modeling (LLM) of the Crystallographic Information File (CIF) format. Trained on millions of CIF files, CrystaLLM focuses on modeling crystal structures through text. CrystaLLM can produce plausible crystal structures for a wide range of inorganic compounds unseen in training, as demonstrated by ab initio simulations. Our approach challenges conventional representations of crystals, and demonstrates the potential of LLMs for learning effective models of crystal chemistry, which will lead to accelerated discovery and innovation in materials science.
A pause in the weakening of the Atlantic meridional overturning circulation since the early 2010s
Authors: Lee Sang-Ki , Kim Dongmin , Gomez Fabian A. , Lopez Hosmay , Volkov Denis L. , Dong Shenfu , Lumpkin Rick , Yeager Stephen 
Published: December 2024

AbstractThe current state-of-the-art climate models when combined together suggest that the anthropogenic weakening of the Atlantic Meridional Overturning Circulation (AMOC) has already begun since the mid-1980s. However, continuous direct observational records during the past two decades have shown remarkable resilience of the AMOC. To shed light on this apparent contradiction, here we attempt to attribute the interdecadal variation of the historical AMOC to the anthropogenic and natural signals, by analyzing multiple climate and surface-forced ocean model simulations together with direct observational data. Our analysis suggests that an extensive weakening of the AMOC occurred in the 2000s, as evident from the surface-forced ocean model simulations, and was primarily driven by anthropogenic forcing and possibly augmented by natural variability. However, since the early 2010s, the natural component of the AMOC has greatly strengthened due to the development of a strong positive North Atlantic Oscillation. The enhanced natural AMOC signal in turn acted to oppose the anthropogenic weakening signal, leading to a near stalling of the AMOC weakening. Further analysis suggests that the tug-of-war between the natural and anthropogenic signals will likely continue in the next several years.
Molecular basis for the diversification of lincosamide biosynthesis by pyridoxal phosphate-dependent enzymes
Authors: Mori Takahiro , Moriwaki Yoshitaka , Sakurada Kosuke , Lyu Shuang , Kadlcik Stanislav , Janata Jiri , Mazumdar Aninda , Koberska Marketa , Terada Tohru , Kamenik Zdenek , Abe Ikuro 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
The biosynthesis of the lincosamide antibiotics lincomycin A and celesticetin involves the pyridoxal-5′-phosphate (PLP)-dependent enzymes LmbF and CcbF, which are responsible for bifurcation of the biosynthetic pathways. Despite recognizing the same S-glycosyl-l-cysteine structure of the substrates, LmbF catalyses thiol formation through β-elimination, whereas CcbF produces S-acetaldehyde through decarboxylation-coupled oxidative deamination. The structural basis for the diversification mechanism remains largely unexplored. Here we conduct structure–function analyses of LmbF and CcbF. X-ray crystal structures, docking and molecular dynamics simulations reveal that active-site aromatic residues play important roles in controlling the substrate binding mode and the reaction outcome. Furthermore, the reaction selectivity and oxygen-utilization of LmbF and CcbF were rationally engineered through structure- and calculation-based mutagenesis. Thus, the catalytic function of CcbF was switched to that of LmbF, and, remarkably, both LmbF and CcbF variants gained the oxidative-amidation activity to produce an unnatural S-acetamide derivative of lincosamide.