bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Differenzialdiagnostik entzündlicher Gelenkschmerzen und-schwellungen im Kindesalter
Authors: Klein Ariane , Horneff Gerd 
Published: June 2019

ZusammenfassungKindliche Gelenkbeschwerden zählen zu den häufigsten Symptomen, die zur Vorstellung beim Kinderarzt führen. Entzündliche Gelenkerkrankungen sind im Kindesalter insgesamt nicht selten. Es werden nach dem zeitlichen Verlauf akute und chronische Arthritiden unterschieden, sowie Arthritiden im Rahmen von Systemerkrankungen. Akute Arthritiden schließen die septische Arthritis, Coxitis fugax und andere postinfektiöse selbstlimitierende Arthritiden ein, ebenso das rheumatische Fieber und die Lyme-Arthritis. Die häufigste chronische Gelenkerkrankung mit einer über zumindest 6 Wochen persistierende Arthritis ist die juvenile idiopathische Arthritis, die in 7 Kategorien eingeteilt wird: Oligoarthritis, rheumafaktorpositive und -negative Polyarthritis, systemische Arthritis/Still-Syndrom, enthesitisassozierte Arthritis, Psoriasisarthritis und unklassifizierte Arthritis. Arthritiden sind auch eine häufige Manifestation bei rheumatischen Systemerkrankungen, bei Vaskulitiden und bei den autoinflammatorischen Erkrankungen vor. Diese Arbeit gibt einen Einblick in die Differenzialdiagose bei Arthritiden im Kindesalter.
Differenzialdiagnostik intermittierender Fieberschübe im Kindesalter
Authors: Horneff Gerd 
Published: June 2019

ZusammenfassungFiebersyndrome und autoinflammatorische Erkrankungen sind eine Gruppe von erblichen und nicht-erblichen Erkrankungen des angeborenen Immunsystems, gekennzeichnet durch wiederkehrende Entzündungen, scheinbar grundlos, in regelmäßigen oder unregelmäßigen Zeitabständen und Manifestationen an Haut, Schleimhäuten, Gelenken, Knochen, Magen-Darm-Trakt aber auch Gefäßen und ZNS. Amyloidose und andere mögliche schwere langfristige Komplikationen sind von Bedeutung. Fortschritte in der Genetik und Molekularbiologie haben das Verständnis der Pathogenese dieser Erkrankungen verbessert. Pathogenetisch sind unterschiedliche Entzündungswege, wie Interleukin-1-, Interferon-, NF-Kappa-B-vermittelte oder andere Wege bedeutsam. Der Zweck dieser Darstellung ist es nicht nur das Bewusstsein für die mittlerweile zahlreichen autoinflammatorischen Syndrome zu stärken, sondern auch differentialdiagnostisch Wege aufzuzeigen. Die finale Diagnose wird im Zeitalter der Genetik sicher häufig genetisch verifiziert, doch gibt die Klinik wichtige Hinweise auf die wahrscheinliche Diagnose. Leitsymptom ist das wiederkehrende Fieber, doch kann dies bei zahlreichen autoinflammatorischen Syndromen fehlen. Haut- und Schleimhautmanifestationen, psoriatiforme und pustulöse, sowie Urtikaria, eine Livedo oder Knoten können wegweisend sein.
Repair of Y-T Humeral Condyle Fractures with Locking Compression Plate Fixation
Authors: Moffatt Felicity , Kulendra Elvin , Meeson Richard L. 
Published: June 2019

Abstract
Objectives The aim of this study was to describe the use of locking compression plates (LCP) in Y-T humeral condyle fractures and to evaluate their clinical outcome.
Methods This study involved a retrospective review, including clinical, radiographical and canine brief pain inventory outcome evaluation.
Results Eighteen consecutive dogs met the inclusion criteria, and 15/18 were considered to have humeral intracondylar fissure. Twelve of 18 dogs had simple fractures, and the remaining six had comminuted fractures. Postoperative radiographs revealed accurate intracondylar reconstruction (articular step defect [ASD] < 1 mm) in 17/18 of patients. Short-term outcome was considered fully functional in 9/13 and acceptable in 3/13 patients. Complications were diagnosed in 2/13; infection in one with resolution after antibiotic treatment, and one case of implant failure. Nine of 18 owners provided postoperative questionnaire responses (median 25; range: 14–52 months) and 8/9 clients perceived the treatment to have resulted in an excellent overall outcome.
Clinical significance Repair of Y-T humeral fractures with LCP allowed for hybrid fixation and monocortical screw placement in distal fracture fragments. There was no significant ASD at the intracondylar fracture line in most cases. ASD using combined medial and lateral approaches depends upon the accuracy of supracondylar reduction, particularly on the side that is reduced and stabilized first, and the use of locking screws may have been influential in minimizing primary loss of reduction, potentially maintaining the initial fragment reduction.
Challenges and Opportunities to Improve the Clinician Experience Reviewing Electronic Progress Notes
Authors: Hultman Gretchen M. , Marquard Jenna L. , Lindemann Elizabeth , Arsoniadis Elliot , Pakhomov Serguei , Melton Genevieve B. 
Published: June 2019

Background High-quality clinical notes are essential to effective clinical communication. However, electronic clinical notes are often long, difficult to review, and contain information that is potentially extraneous or out of date. Additionally, many clinicians write electronic clinical notes using customized templates, resulting in notes with significant variability in structure. There is a need to understand better how clinicians review electronic notes and how note structure variability may impact clinicians' note-reviewing experiences.
Objective This article aims to understand how physicians review electronic clinical notes and what impact section order has on note-reviewing patterns.
Materials and Methods We conducted an experiment utilizing an electronic health record (EHR) system prototype containing four anonymized patient cases, each composed of nine progress notes that were presented with note sections organized in different orders to different subjects (i.e., Subjective, Objective, Assessment, and Plan, Assessment, Plan, Subjective, and Objective, Subjective, Assessment, Objective, and Plan, and Mixed). Participants, who were mid-level residents and fellows, reviewed the cases and provided a brief summary after reviewing each case. Time-related data were collected and analyzed using descriptive statistics. Surveys were administered and interviews regarding experiences reviewing notes were collected and analyzed qualitatively.
Results Qualitatively, participants reported challenges related to reviewing electronic clinical notes. Experimentally, time spent reviewing notes varied based on the note section organization. Consistency in note section organization improved performance (e.g., less scrolling and searching) compared with Mixed section organization when reviewing progress notes.
Discussion Clinicians face significant challenges reviewing electronic clinical notes. Our findings support minimizing extraneous information in notes, removing information that can be found in other parts of the EHR, and standardizing the display and order of note sections to improve clinicians' note review experience.
Conclusion Our findings support the need to improve EHR note design and presentation to support optimal note review patterns for clinicians.
Current and Emerging Direct Oral Anticoagulants: State-of-the-Art
Authors: Lippi Giuseppe , Gosselin Robert , Favaloro Emmanuel J. 
Published: June 2019

AbstractAnticoagulant drugs comprise a specific subcategory of antithrombotic agents that act to inhibit blood coagulation at various stages, reducing clot development and ultimately lowering the risk of developing new-onset or recurrent thrombosis. Although the long history of anticoagulant drugs has been characteristically shaped by coumarin and heparin derivatives, a new generation of direct oral anticoagulants (DOACs), which specifically inhibit thrombin or activated factor X, combine many advantages of their progenitor drugs, and hence are prepotently revolutionizing the landscape of antithrombotic therapy. Several drugs (apixaban [BMS-562247], dabigatran [BIBR953], edoxaban [DU-1766], rivaroxaban [BAY 59–7939]) have already received widespread approval by national or supranational medicinal agencies. This narrative article provides a state-of-the-art for these and for several other DOACs at different stages of clinical evaluation (betrixaban, darexaban, eribaxaban, letaxaban, nokxaban), and certain others whose development has been discontinued (AZD-0837, fidexaban, LY517717, odiparcil, otamixaban, TTP889, and ximelagatran). What clearly emerges from our analysis is that DOACs sharing very similar mechanisms of action are still characterized by different efficacy and safety profiles. This not only depends on biochemical, biological, and pharmacokinetic characteristics, but also on lack of standardization between different clinical trials in terms of targeted disease, patient recruitment, sample size, duration and endpoints, as well as lack of harmonization around procedures used for drug licensing. These factors contribute to challenging the minds of physicians, who may find difficulty navigating their way through multiple indications, different pharmacological profiles, various side effects, and specific drug-to-drug interactions. Such considerations also burden laboratory professionals, who may face organizational and economic challenges in developing and/or implementing multiple assays to assess the pharmacodynamics (effect on coagulation) or pharmacokinetics (drug levels) of DOACs.
Nanoparticle-based local translation reveals mRNA as a translation-coupled scaffold with anchoring function
Authors: Kashida Shunnichi , Wang Dan Ohtan , Saito Hirohide , Gueroui Zoher 
Published: June 2019

Significance
The spatial regulation of messenger RNA (mRNA) translation is central to cellular functions, yet no current approach has achieved the spatial control of mRNAs to reveal the direct causality between local translation and cellular processes. Here, we develop a biomimetic control system that bypasses endogenous complex processes to analyze this relationship. We demonstrate the magnetic manipulation of mRNA conjugated to nanoparticles to spatially control translation-based protein synthesis. We examined how physical constraints can shape mRNA translation and identify a mechanism of spatial control. We found the general principles underlying the spatial regulation of actin cytoskeleton patterns by local translation. From a biological perspective, this phenomenon may represent a general mechanism of spatial control that cells use to produce functional diversity.
Strain rate-dependent hardening with dislocation-twin interaction of Fe–Mn–Al–C steel using crystal plasticity
Authors: Su Z.X. , Li N. , Sun C.Y. , Zhao J.Q. , Wang C.H. , Qian L.Y. 
Published: June 2019

A crystal plasticity finite element model with dislocation-twin interaction was developed to study the strain rate-dependent hardening of Fe–Mn–Al–C twinning-induced plasticity steel. Microstructural state variables including twinning space and dislocation density were incorporated to describe the mechanical twins hindering gliding dislocations. In situ scanning electron microscope tension and electron backscatter diffraction tests were conducted as validation and supplement. Predicted stress and strain hardening rate at various strain rates agree well with the experimental results. The increasing strain hardening stage is attributed to the dynamic competition between deformation twinning and dynamic recovery of dislocations. The intergranular deformation heterogeneity associated with the competitive activities of deformation mechanisms was also studied. The results indicate a larger contribution of slip to overall hardening than twinning. GRAPHICAL ABSTRACT
Laser pulse-length effects in trident pair production
Authors: Hernandez Acosta U , Kämpfer B 
Published: June 2019

Abstract
Laser pulses facilitate multiphoton contributions to the trident pair production

e

L

−

→

e

L

−

+

e

L

+

+

e

L

−

, where the label L indicates a laser field dressed electron (e
−) or positron (e
+ ). We isolate the impact of the pulse envelope in the trident S matrix element, formulated within the Furry picture, in leading order of a series expansion in the classical nonlinearity parameter a
0. Generally, the Fourier transform of the envelope carries the information on the pulse length, which becomes an easily tractable function in the case of a

cos

2

pulse envelope. The transition to a monochromatic laser wave can be handled in a transparent manner, as also the onset of bandwidth effects for short pulses can be factorized out and studied separately.
Dicke time crystals in driven-dissipative quantum many-body systems
Authors: Zhu Bihui , Marino Jamir , Yao Norman Y , Lukin Mikhail D , Demler Eugene A 
Published: June 2019

Abstract
The Dicke model—a paradigmatic example of superradiance in quantum optics—describes an ensemble of atoms which are collectively coupled to a leaky cavity mode. As a result of the cooperative nature of these interactions, the system’s dynamics is captured by the behavior of a single mean-field, collective spin. In this mean-field limit, it has recently been shown that the interplay between photon losses and periodic driving of light–matter coupling can lead to time-crystalline-like behavior of the collective spin (Gong et al 2018 Phys. Rev. Lett.
120 040404). In this work, we investigate whether such a Dicke time crystal (TC) is stable to perturbations that explicitly break the mean-field solvability of the conventional Dicke model. In particular, we consider the addition of short-range interactions between the atoms which breaks the collective coupling and leads to complex many-body dynamics. In this context, the interplay between periodic driving, dissipation and interactions yields a rich set of dynamical responses, including long-lived and metastable Dicke-TCs, where losses can cool down the many-body heating resulting from the continuous pump of energy from the periodic drive. Specifically, when the additional short-range interactions are ferromagnetic, we observe time crystalline behavior at non-perturbative values of the coupling strength, suggesting the possible existence of stable dynamical order in a driven-dissipative quantum many-body system. These findings illustrate the rich nature of novel dynamical responses with many-body character in quantum optics platforms.
CZTSe solar cells prepared by co-evaporation of multilayer Cu–Sn/Cu,Zn,Sn,Se/ZnSe/Cu,Zn,Sn,Se stacks
Authors: Mwakyusa Lwitiko P , Neuwirth Markus , Kogler Willi , Schnabel Thomas , Ahlswede Erik , Paetzold Ulrich W , Richards Bryce S , Hetterich Michael 
Published: June 2019

Abstract
In this work, thin-film kesterite Cu2ZnSnSe4 (CZTSe) solar cells were prepared using a novel precursor configuration employing co-evaporated layer stacks of Mo/Cu–Sn/Cu,Zn,Sn,Se/ZnSe/Cu,Zn,Sn,Se. It is found that this sequential deposition of the constituants leads to the formation of large CZTSe grains on the surface and fine grains at the Mo interface of the absorber, respectively. Prototype CZTSe solar cells using this stacked approach achieve power conversion efficiencies of up to 7.9% at an open-circuit voltage of 430 mV and a fill-factor of 62%. The analysis of temperature-dependent current density–voltage characteristics indicates that bulk Schottky–Read–Hall recombination is the dominant recombination mechanism for the devices fabricated from the proposed stack. In addition, the influence of pre-annealing of each stacked layer on the absorber growth and device performance is examined and discussed.
A microfabricated, 3D-sharpened silicon shuttle for insertion of flexible electrode arrays through dura mater into brain
Authors: Joo Hannah R , Fan Jiang Lan , Chen Supin , Pebbles Jeanine A , Liang Hexin , Chung Jason E , Yorita Allison M , Tooker Angela C , Tolosa Vanessa M , Geaghan-Breiner Charlotte , Roumis Demetris K , Liu Daniel F , Haque Razi , Frank Loren M 
Published: June 2019

Abstract

Objective. Electrode arrays for chronic implantation in the brain are a critical technology in both neuroscience and medicine. Recently, flexible, thin-film polymer electrode arrays have shown promise in facilitating stable, single-unit recordings spanning months in rats. While array flexibility enhances integration with neural tissue, it also requires removal of the dura mater, the tough membrane surrounding the brain, and temporary bracing to penetrate the brain parenchyma. Durotomy increases brain swelling, vascular damage, and surgical time. Insertion using a bracing shuttle results in additional vascular damage and brain compression, which increase with device diameter; while a higher-diameter shuttle will have a higher critical load and more likely penetrate dura, it will damage more brain parenchyma and vasculature. One way to penetrate the intact dura and limit tissue compression without increasing shuttle diameter is to reduce the force required for insertion by sharpening the shuttle tip. Approach. We describe a novel design and fabrication process to create silicon insertion shuttles that are sharp in three dimensions and can penetrate rat dura, for faster, easier, and less damaging implantation of polymer arrays. Sharpened profiles are obtained by reflowing patterned photoresist, then transferring its sloped profile to silicon with dry etches. Main results. We demonstrate that sharpened shuttles can reliably implant polymer probes through dura to yield high quality single unit and local field potential recordings for at least 95 days. On insertion directly through dura, tissue compression is minimal. Significance. This is the first demonstration of a rat dural-penetrating array for chronic recording. This device obviates the need for a durotomy, reducing surgical time and risk of damage to the blood-brain barrier. This is an improvement to state-of-the-art flexible polymer electrode arrays that facilitates their implantation, particularly in multi-site recording experiments. This sharpening process can also be integrated into silicon electrode array fabrication.
Exploring An Easy Way for Imbalanced Data Sets in Semantic Image Segmentation
Authors: Xia Xiaoling , Lu Qinyang , Gu Xin 
Published: June 2019

Abstract
In recent years, deep convolutional neural networks have gradually become the preferred method for image processing. After the development of Classification, Detection and Segmentation, a large variety of state-of-the-art models and algorithms have emerged in the field. However, for some specific data sets or tasks, not all methods are applicable, which is inconvenient to researchers. This paper took the data set provided in the airbus ship detection challenge in Kaggle as an example to explore an easy and effective method for segmentation tasks of data sets with class imbalance. This paper used U-Net with a pre-trained ResNets model, and tried different methods to explore the feature of the set. In the process of training ResNets, this paper proposed a new convolutional block structure which is inspired by Fibonacci sequence, but the effect is not good. In the end, the mF2 values of the models this paper trained achieved good results, which is better than the model of the combined training of ResNets and ordinary U-Net34. Moreover, the training parameters are less than that. This paper believe that this simple and effective training method will bring convenience to researchers in related fields.
Statistical Analysis of Tibetan Orientation Words from the Perspective of Cognition
Authors: Ding Hailan , Yu hongzhi , Qi kunyu 
Published: June 2019

Abstract
This paper explores the direction of Tibetan orientation words in real texts from the perspectives of grammar, semantics, statistics and cognitive linguistics. Studying on the expression of the research direction in the text, it further explores the grammaticalization and lexicalization of Tibetan positional words, especially the sentence components of the positional words in the text. Finally, the direction category of position words is analyzed from the perspective of cognitive grammar, which also paves the way for the deep research of cognitive mechanism.
Research on Tibetan Question Answering Technology Based on Deep Learning
Authors: Zhu Shengyin , He Xiangzhen , La Bingjun , Yu Hongzhi 
Published: June 2019

Abstract
By applying the theory, technology and system of the Chinese Question Answering system, combining with the background of large data and cloud processing, integrating the theoretical knowledge of Tibetan linguistics, and covering computer high-tech of Tibetan machine translation, neural network learning, problem analysis, classification and answer generation, etc, this paper explores the optimization model of the new Tibetan-Chinese bilingual Question Answering system. Finally, the Tibetan/Chinese bilingual Question Answering system based on deep learning is completed to provide technical support for the economic development of ethnic minority areas.
An Architecture with Mixed Complex Event Processing Technology For CPS
Authors: Zhou Cheng , Feng Youqian , Jiang Yaru 
Published: June 2019

Abstract
Cyber-Physical System (CPS) is an emerging intelligent systems, which is considered as a combination of computers and physical world. Events are usually as a natural way for interactions and communications, which occur in the physical world and can be responded in the cyber world. Additionally, using complex event processing (CEP) technology, some complex events can be processed that are better suited for complicated and intelligent CPS. At first, a component-model framework is proposed for modeling CPS architecture based on event-driven pattern operational semantics, which provides a tool to understand the transition based on event-driven pattern in CPS. In order to improve the immense workload on centralized CEP, a mixed master-slaves CEP is proposed. Meanwhile, an architecture of CPS with master-slaves CEP is constructed and its execution mechanism is introduced in detail.
Study on NN-based Intelligent Exploring Module of the Firesprinkling System
Authors: Feng Xianzhou , Zhang Pengchong 
Published: June 2019

Abstract
The intelligent exploring module is precondition of the Fire-sprinkling System effective-working.The NN-based intelligent exploring module explores the condition of the cabin and fuses all the explored information, including temperature, flame, smog, pressure.The method is effective to improve the performance of the system.
Overview of Side Channel Cipher Analysis Based on Deep Learning
Authors: Song Shijie , Chen Kaiyan , Zhang Yang 
Published: June 2019

Abstract
According to the widespread use of embedded cryptographic devices, one of the major security threats, side channel attack and protection research, has grown rapidly in the last decade. Along with the popularity of machine learning and deep learning, artificial intelligence technology combined with side channel technology has gradually emerged, which has achieved quite good processing results. Due to the popularity of deep learning in recent years, it is indeed to complete the work with making an overview of side channel analysis based on deep learning. So in order to perfect the theory, this paper begins with the basic theory of the side channel attack. Combined with common models, the methodological analysis of deep learning side channel analysis is summarized and the existing research results are introduced next. Finally, the paper looks forward to the future deep learning side channel technology.