bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
State Theory from the Street Altar: The Muscles, the Saint and theAmparo
Authors: Boudreau Julie‐Anne 
Published: October 2018

AbstractThis article identifies traces of the state in three urban neighborhoods of Mexico City. Instead of asking what is the state, where is it located or what does it do, the question posed here is: what are the effects of state practices at the street level? By ethnographically and visually describing how protection is performed, the article argues that the state is not only ‘somewhere’ in specific functions, actors or institutions; it also manifests materialized effects produced by a web of conflict‐ridden relations. Discussion about the state in the global South generally revolves around its failures and informality. The proposal here is that, by analyzing the state from the standpoint of urban space, the focus is on how protection is performed and by means of which operations, relations, objects and actors—not whether the state works or not, or whether actors are formal or informal. Based on ongoing ethnographic work and a collaboration with two visual artists in Mexico City, the article analyzes three protective processes: the ‘muscles’ (involving actors including police officers, gang leaders, fathers and husbands), the ‘saint’ (involving caring for representations of various saints and participation in other clientelistic chains of fidelity) and the ‘amparo’ (a form of application of the rule of law in a personalized manner for the redress of interpersonal conflicts). These are three sets of practices that have been embedded in Mexico's history of state formation since the days of colonization.
The Role of Forensic Botany in Reconstructing the Dynamics of Trauma from High Falls
Authors: Aquila Isabella , Sacco Matteo A. , Ricci Pietrantonio , Gratteri Santo 
Published: October 2018

AbstractThe analysis of botanical traces can be supportive, especially when the crime scene investigation and autopsy do not provide sufficient information. This issue arises most commonly in fatal falls from height. We report the case of a man found dead below a hill. The body showed traumatic injuries from a fall. During the scene investigation, a sampling of botanical elements was carried out on three zones of the hill called the point of loss of balance, the point of fall, and the point of impact. The botanical elements collected on the three zones were compared with those found on the victim and an autopsy was performed. The botanical analysis clarified the phases of falling, as well as allowing us to reconstruct the dynamics and the accidental manner of death.
The Effects of Competition from S Corporations on the Organizational Form Choice of Rival C Corporations
Authors: Donohoe Michael P. , Lisowsky Petro , Mayberry Michael A. 
Published: October 2018

ABSTRACTSubchapter C of the U.S. Internal Revenue Code levies an entity‐level tax on corporate profits, whereas Subchapter S allows corporations meeting specific criteria to elect out of this tax. Despite these differences, C and S corporations regularly compete for customers and capital. We examine whether and the extent to which competition from S corporations influences the future organizational form choice of rival C corporations and explore outcomes of this choice. Using data for 4,462 private U.S. commercial banks grouped by Metropolitan Statistical Area during 1997–2010, we find that greater competition from S corporation banks increases the likelihood that rival C corporation banks convert to Subchapter S status. We estimate that the aggregate first‐year tax savings from S conversion exceed $372 million. Consistent with these savings being used to maintain competitive parity with rivals, we find that converting banks increase their interest rates on customer deposits and advertising intensity. Our findings provide insight into whether competition from tax‐advantaged firms influences the organizational form choice of rival tax‐disadvantaged firms.
Remote real‐time supervision via tele‐ultrasound in focused cardiac ultrasound: A single‐blinded cluster randomized controlled trial
Authors: Jensen Stig H. , Weile Jesper , Aagaard Rasmus , Hansen Kåre M. , Jensen Troels B. , Petersen Morten C. , Jensen Jacob J. , Petersen Poul , Kirkegaard Hans 
Published: October 2018

BackgroundSupervision via tele‐ultrasound presents a remedy for lacking on‐site supervision in focused cardiac ultrasound, but knowledge of its impact is largely absent. We aimed to investigate tele‐supervised physicians’ cine‐loop quality compared to that of non‐supervised physicians and compared to that of experts.MethodsWe conducted a single‐blinded cluster randomized controlled trial in an emergency department in western Denmark. Physicians with basic ultrasound competence scanned admitted patients twice. The first scan was non‐supervised, and the second was non‐supervised (control) or tele‐supervised (intervention). Finally, experts in focused cardiac ultrasound scanned the same patient. Two blinded observers graded cine‐loops recorded from all scans on a 1–5 scale. The outcome was the mean summarized scan gradings compared with a linear mixed‐effects model.ResultsIn each group, 10 physicians scanned 44 patients. From the mean summarized gradings, on a scale from 4 to 20, the second non‐supervised scan grading was 10.9 (95% CI 10.2‐11.7), whereas the tele‐supervised grading was 12.6 (95% CI: 11.8‐13.3). From the first to the second scan, tele‐supervised physicians moved 9% (1.09; 95% CI: 1.00‐1.19; P = 0.041) closer to the experts’ quality than the non‐supervised physicians.ConclusionTele‐supervised physicians performed scans of better quality than non‐supervised physicians. The present study supports the use of tele‐supervision for physicians with basic focused ultrasound competence in a setting where on‐site supervision is unavailable.
Management controls and their links with fairness and performance in inter‐organisational relationships
Authors: Wang Andy , Dyball Maria Cadiz 
Published: October 2018

AbstractThis study seeks to contribute to inter‐organisational management control literature by examining the impact of the use of management controls on fairness and performance. Findings from a survey of 232 Australian inter‐organisational relationships reveal that the use of social controls could improve procedural, distributive and interactional fairness. In turn, distributive and interactional fairness could lead to high levels of perceived relational performance. Additional analyses also confirm that formal and social controls are used as complements in managing inter‐organisational relationships.
The association of religiosity with suicidal ideation and suicide attempts in the United Kingdom
Authors: Jacob L. , Haro J. M. , Koyanagi A. 
Published: October 2018

ObjectiveThe goal was to analyze the association of religiosity with suicidal ideation and suicide attempts in a UK nationally representative sample.MethodsThis study used cross‐sectional data from 7403 people who participated in the 2007 Adult Psychiatric Morbidity Survey (APMS). Religion was assessed with the question ‘Do you have a specific religion?’ with ‘yes’ and ‘no’ answer options. Lifetime and past 12‐month suicidal ideation and suicide attempts were assessed. The association between religiosity and suicidality was studied in multivariable logistic regression models adjusted for sociodemographic, behavioural, and psychopathological factors.ResultsCompared to those without a religion, the prevalence of past 12‐month suicidal ideation (3.2% vs. 5.4%), past 12‐month suicide attempts (0.4% vs. 0.9%), lifetime suicidal ideation (11.2% vs. 16.4%), and lifetime suicide attempts (3.6% vs. 6.0%) was lower among those with a religion. In the fully adjusted model, having a religion was significantly associated with lower odds for all types of suicidality except past 12‐month suicide attempts: suicidal ideation (past 12‐month: OR = 0.71, 95% CI = 0.51–0.99; lifetime: OR = 0.83, 95% CI = 0.69–0.99) and suicide attempts (past 12‐month: OR = 0.71, 95% CI = 0.35–1.45; lifetime: OR = 0.69, 95% CI = 0.53–0.90).ConclusionThere is a negative association between religiosity and suicidality in the UK. Future studies should focus on the underlying mechanisms.
Social motivational processing and interpersonal function in aging cocaine smokers
Authors: Bedi Gillinder , Hao Xuejun , Van Dam Nicholas T. , Cooper Ziva D. , Rubin Eric , Vadhan Nehal P. , Marino Leslie , Haney Margaret 
Published: October 2018

AbstractIllicit drug use among aging cohorts is increasing, yet little is known about functional impairments in older drug users. Given the importance of social integration for aging and documented social decrements in cocaine users, we examined social function and its neurocognitive substrates in aging cocaine users relative to carefully matched non‐cocaine users. Regular (≥twice/week), long‐term (≥15 years) cocaine smokers 50–60 years old (COCs; n = 22; four women) and controls (CTRLs; n = 19; four women) underwent standardized probes of social reward and threat processing during functional magnetic resonance imaging and a behavioral facial affect recognition task. Self‐report and peer‐report of daily interpersonal function were also collected. COCs, and CTRLs reporting current marijuana or alcohol use, were tested after four drug‐free inpatient days. COCs had pronounced problems in daily social function relative to CTRLs indicated by both their own and their peers' reports. Compared with CTRLs, COCs had stronger amygdala responses to social threat versus control stimuli, with no other differences in social processing or cognition. Aging cocaine users appear to have marked, generalized difficulties in ‘real‐world’ interpersonal function but largely intact social processing on laboratory‐based measures when compared with appropriately matched controls and tested under well‐controlled conditions. Daily social difficulties may be related to transient factors such as acute/residual drug effects or cocaine‐related changes in health behaviors (e.g. disrupted sleep and poor diet). These data suggest that interpersonal function may be a valid intervention target for aging cocaine users and warrants further study in older drug users.
Efficacy of an artificial pancreas device for achieving tight perioperative glycemic control in living donor liver transplantation
Authors: Soyama Akihiko , Kugiyama Tota , Hara Takanobu , Hidaka Masaaki , Hamada Takashi , Okada Satomi , Adachi Tomohiko , Ono Shinichiro , Takatsuki Mitsuhisa , Eguchi Susumu 
Published: October 2018

AbstractIntraoperative hyperglycemia during liver transplantation can induce infectious bacterial complications after surgery. The aim of this study was to evaluate the efficacy of the artificial endocrine pancreas in achieving perioperative blood glucose control and preventing infection in patients undergoing living donor liver transplantation (LDLT). We compared 14 patients with an artificial endocrine pancreas device to 14 patients who underwent glycemic control using the sliding scale method with respect to perioperative blood glucose level and postoperative infection. In this study, we aimed to control the perioperative glucose levels consecutively for 24 hours from the induction of anesthesia. The average blood glucose level in the artificial pancreas group was significantly lower than that in the sliding scale group (118 vs. 141 mg/dL, P < 0.05). The postoperative bacterial infection rate of the artificial pancreas group was significantly lower than that of the sliding scale group within one month after LDLT (35.7% vs. 78.6%, P < 0.05). Multiple regression analysis showed non‐application of artificial endocrine pancreas as a significant risk factor of posttransplant infection. The artificial endocrine pancreas enabled the perioperative glucose level to be stably controlled without hypoglycemia. Artificial pancreas may reduce the incidence of postoperative infection after LDLT.
Influence of age and experience rider on differentiate the behaviour of recreational horses being prepared for use
Authors: Jastrzębska Ewa , Wilk Izabela 
Published: October 2018

AbstractThe aim of the study was to determine the effect of selected rider‐related factors (riders’ age and experience, type of preparatory activities, test variant) on the behaviour of recreational horses being prepared for use. Six adult, hot‐blooded recreational horses were handled by two female riders that the horses knew and by another two that the horses did not know (two of them were aged 12 and two aged 30). The horses were assessed by a behaviourist for their behaviour during the pre‐training activities (entering the box, grooming, cleaning the hooves, bridling, saddling up, taking a horse to a riding arena). These actions were performed in a basic variant in complete silence and in a variant with an added sound stimulus (human voice) as a riding (supporting) aid. An analysis of variance for repeated measurements, Tukey t‐test and Spearman's correlations were performed. It was found that the behaviour of recreational horses being prepared for use can be better if they are handled by people whom they know. However, the age of the handler and a supporting factor (human voice) is not expected to have any effect on horse behaviour. A horse's behaviour can change during various preparatory activities. Horses can misbehave mainly when a person enters the box and when the horse is being bridled.
Prevalence of renally inappropriate medicines in older people with renal impairment — A cross‐sectional register‐based study in a large primary care population
Authors: Schmidt‐Mende Katharina , Wettermark Björn , Andersen Morten , Elsevier Monique , Carrero Juan‐Jesus , Shemeikka Tero , Hasselström Jan 
Published: October 2018

AbstractThe aim of this population‐based, cross‐sectional study was to analyse the prevalence of renally inappropriate medicines (RIMs) in older people with renal impairment. We included 30 372 people aged ≥65 years with chronic kidney disease (CKD) stage 3, and 2161 with stage 4 attending primary care in Stockholm, Sweden. We used data derived from SCREAM, a database linking patient‐specific data on demography, morbidity, healthcare consumption and dispensed drugs to creatinine measurements. Estimated glomerular filtration rate was calculated with CKD‐EPI based on the first non‐hospital serum creatinine in 2010. RIMs were defined as medicines needing dose adjustment or being contra‐indicated in CKD stage 3 or 4 with reference to Swedish “Janusmed Drugs and Renal function.” Dispensed prescription drugs were analysed during 1 year after creatinine assessment. Drug doses were considered as excessive if their mean volume dispensed per day exceeded the recommended dose. Contra‐indicated medicines were regarded as inappropriate if dispensed at least once during 1 year. Excessive dosing was present in 42.5% of older people with CKD stage 3 and in 58.1% with stage 4. The prevalence of contra‐indicated medicines was 9.4% and 38.0%, respectively. A limited number of RIMs accounted for the majority of excessive dosing, such as drugs acting on the renin‐angiotensin‐aldosterone system, betablockers and opioids. Commonly dispensed contra‐indicated substances were NSAIDs and antidiabetics. We conclude that the prevalence of RIMs in older people with renal impairment is considerably high. Still, RIM use may be manageable as only a limited number of RIMs are frequently used.
Modelling mood disorders: An ACE solution?
Authors: Malhi Gin S , Irwin Lauren , Hamilton Amber , Morris Grace , Boyce Philip , Mulder Roger , Porter Richard J 
Published: October 2018

AbstractObjectivesThe treatment of mood disorders remains sub‐optimal. A major reason for this is our lack of understanding of the underlying pathophysiology of depression and bipolar disorder. A core problem is the lack of specificity of our current diagnoses. This paper discusses the history of this problem and posits a solution in the form of a more sophisticated model.MethodThe authors review the notable historical works that laid the foundations of mood disorder nosology; discuss the more recent influences that shaped modern diagnoses; and examine the evidence that mood disorders are characterised by multidimensional and longitudinal symptom profiles.ResultsThe ACE model considers mood disorders as a combination of symptoms across three domains: Activity, Cognition, and Emotion; that vary over time. This multidimensional and longitudinal perspective is consistent with the prevalence of complex clinical presentations, such as mixed states, and highlights the importance of recurrence in mood disorders.ConclusionsThe ACE model encourages researchers to characterise patients from a number of equally important perspectives and, by doing so, add specificity to the treatment of mood disorders.
What is pre‐fibrotic myelofibrosis and how should it be managed in 2018?
Authors: Curto‐Garcia Natalia , Ianotto Jean‐Christophe , Harrison Claire N. 
Published: October 2018

SummaryThe 2016 World Health Organization (WHO) classification for myeloproliferative neoplasms (MPN) divided myelofibrosis (MF) into pre‐fibrotic (pre‐MF) and overt‐MF categories. This new classification, particularly the entity pre‐MF, has been a subject of discussion between experts. Important questions have been raised in recent years, such as the need for bone marrow trephine for diagnosis; how this is interpreted and the weighting given to it in assigning a diagnosis; determination of prognosis for pre‐MF patients; including which scoring system to use and, ultimately, an evidence‐based management plan for this group of patients. Many pre‐MF patients present as young adults, with thrombocytosis, elevated lactate dehydrogenase levels and increased bone marrow fibrosis (i.e. ≥ grade 1). Current management strategies differ in view of age, comorbidities and bone marrow features and the opinion of the managing clinicians. Prognostic scoring systems have some limitations regarding this entity, and at the present time there is limited information about the overall survival and incidence of progression to overt‐MF and acute leukaemia for pre‐MF. In this clinically focussed article, we review the main characteristics of this new disease category in view of the current published literature and illustrate our discussion with some real patient cases. Lastly, we propose a management strategy for patients to whom this diagnostic label is applied.
A cross‐national analysis of sex differences in prisoner's dilemma games
Authors: Dorrough Angela R. , Glöckner Andreas 
Published: October 2018

In a comprehensive cross‐national study involving samples from 12 different countries that were representative for the adult populations in terms of age and sex (N = 2,429), we found that women cooperate significantly less overall than men in fully incentivized one‐shot prisoner's dilemma games. This gender gap in cooperation can be explained by the fact that women hold lower expectations regarding the cooperativeness of their anonymous interaction partners. These results contradict both the common stereotype that women are more communal, caring, emotionally expressive, and warm than men and substantial empirical evidence showing that women act more prosocially in many contexts.
Sedimentary architecture of a glaciolacustrine braidplain delta: proxy evidence of a pre‐Middle Wisconsinan glaciation (Grimshaw gravels, Interior Plains, Canada)
Authors: Slomka Jessica M. , Hartman Gregory M. D. 
Published: October 2018

The erosional nature of glacial systems commonly results in removal of direct evidence of previous glaciation (e.g. till and moraine). Therefore, reconstruction of former ice‐margin positions may rely, in part, on indirect (proxy) evidence from the sedimentary record. This study examines the facies and sedimentary architecture of a pre‐Middle Wisconsinan sand and gravel deposit (the ‘Grimshaw gravels’), which is positioned between areas where previous stratigraphical investigations have identified single (Late Wisconsinan) and multiple (pre‐Middle to Late Wisconsinan) glaciation by the Laurentide Ice Sheet. Five facies associations (FAs) are characterized within the deposit, which, together with the sedimentary architecture, record a transition from a braided river environment in the west (FA1‐3) to a gravelly braidplain delta front in the east (FA4 and 5). We propose that the Grimshaw gravels braid delta formed at the margin of a body of water that occupied the ancestral Peace River valley, probably impounded by the LIS; hence, the Grimshaw braid delta provides proxy evidence of the presence of an ice margin (previously unrecognized) in the Peace River lowland prior to the Middle Wisconsinan. This study provides further understanding of the origin of the Grimshaw gravels deposit, allowing re‐evaluation of previous models of formation. These findings offer insight into the glacial history of the southwestern margin of the LIS, and may help to refine ice‐sheet reconstructions spanning the Wisconsinan glaciation.
Commentary: PDA ‐ what's in a name? Dimensions of difficulty in children reported to have an ASD and features of extreme/pathological demand avoidance: a commentary on O'Nions et al. (2017)
Authors: Malik Osman , Baird Gillian 
Published: October 2018

Pathological demand avoidance (PDA), a term first used by Elizabeth Newson in the 1980s, refers to a collection of behaviours that children will demonstrate to avoid instructions (and tasks) that they perceive as demands. These children are postulated to be averse to anything that is perceived as a demand placed on them. PDA features are commonly encountered in children with autism but PDA is not a subtype of autism nor a separately diagnosed mental, behavioural or developmental disorder in any of the major classification systems (ICD‐10 or DSM‐5). Such behaviours are not confined to children with autism and debate continues regarding its existence as a distinct phenomenon and if such a phenotype exists whether it is merely a part of autism or a separate condition. We comment on O'Nions and colleagues’ study that explores common themes/behavioural traits in children with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) who also fit the phenotypic description of PDA. We explore how the current classification systems capture features of PDA in autism with diagnoses of common comorbidities in ASD (such as disruptive behaviour/conduct disorders, OCD and anxiety), but to many clinicians and parents this seems an inadequate description. What remains to be explored are the trans‐diagnostic temperamental and cognitive traits of children with PDA features, such as cognitive rigidity and intolerance of uncertainty. It is important to understand why some children are demand avoidant and identification of these factors (individual and systemic) helps in management much more than classifying them with an additional label. O'Nions et al. have helpfully provided further insight into several underpinning traits/dimensions of children with PDA features; understanding these will help develop effective strategies for parenting demand‐avoidant children.