bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
55.4: Developments in Fast Cleaning of Thin Films without Wrapping
Authors: Hamilton Sheila 
Published: October 2019

In the display industry cleanliness of the materials used to build up the display is vital to avoid defects and most major manufacturers use rubber roller contact cleaning systems to remove any particles of contamination. As the films used in displays and backlights get thinner, this type of cleaning equipment can result in process issues relating to the wrapping of the sheets of film around the contact roller due to a variety of adhesion forces.This paper reports the development work done on a new cleaning roller system to alter several of the factors affecting the adhesion forces between the roller and the film.The work reported includes

• Developing a new formulation of cleaning rubber to minimise tribocharging of the film
• Development of a new functional surface for the cleaning roller to modify the Van de Waals forces between the roller and the film
• Minimising the static charge environment within the equipment
This new cleaning system can process sheets of film down to 27.5 microns thick at speeds up to 20m/min without creasing, wrapping or scratching.
P‐4.6: Band Structure Engineering of Interfacial Semiconductors Based on Atomically Thin Lead Iodide Crystals
Authors: 孙研  , 周子澍  , 黄振  , 吴江滨  , 周柳江  , 程阳  , 刘金秋  , 朱超  , 刘开辉  , 王晓勇  , 王建浦  , 黄维  , 王琳  
Published: October 2019

To explore new constituents in two‐dimensional materials and to combine their best in van der Waals heterostructures, are in great demand as being unique platform to discover new physical phenomena and to design novel functionalities in interface‐based devices. Herein, PbI2 crystals as thin as few‐layers are first synthesized, particularly through a facile low‐temperature solution approach with the crystals of large size, regular shape, different thicknesses and high‐yields. As a prototypical demonstration of flexible band engineering of PbI2‐based interfacial semiconductors, these PbI2 crystals are subsequently assembled with several transition metal dichalcogenide monolayers. The photoluminescence of MoS2 is strongly enhanced in MoS2/PbI2 stacks, while a dramatic photoluminescence quenching of WS2 and WSe2 is revealed in WS2/PbI2 and WSe2/PbI2 stacks. This is attributed to the effective heterojunction formation between PbI2 and these monolayers, but type I band alignment in MoS2/PbI2 stacks where fast‐transferred charge carriers accumulate in MoS2 with high emission efficiency, and type II in WS2/PbI2 and WSe2/PbI2 stacks with separated electrons and holes suitable for light harvesting. Our results demonstrate that MoS2, WS2, WSe2 monolayers with very similar electronic structures themselves, show completely distinct light‐matter interactions when interfacing with PbI2, providing unprecedent capabilities to engineer the device performance of two‐dimensional heterostructures.图 1 异质结中 PbI2引起的MoS2发光增强与WSe2发光 淬灭
figure
Hierarchical Hollow Heterostructures for Photocatalytic CO2 Reduction and Water Splitting
Authors: Wang Sibo , Wang Yan , Zang Shuang‐Quan , Lou Xiong Wen (David) 
Published: October 2019

AbstractUsing solar‐driven photocatalytic systems based on semiconductor photocatalysts to produce valuable energetic fuels is attracting massive research attention due to global energy and environmental challenges. Developing highly efficient and stable photocatalysts is of decisive importance for this promising technology. Hierarchical hollow heterostructures with ultrathin two‐dimensional (2D) nanosheet subunits hold multiple intrinsic advantages for heterogeneous photocatalysis, in terms of increasing light harvesting, expediting charge separation and transfer, and boosting surface redox reactions. This review summarizes the recent developments of rationally designed hierarchical hollow heterostructures for photocatalytic CO2 reduction and water splitting in suspension systems. The advantages and progress of hierarchical hollow heterostructured photocatalysts for the solar‐fuel‐producing applications are highlighted. The challenges of further developments of hierarchical hollow heterostructures and their use in the photocatalytic applications are discussed. Some outlooks on the potential solutions are also proposed.
Disclosure ranking of environmental impacts of Brazilian companies: Analysis using multicriteria methods
Authors: Degenhart Larissa , Vogt Mara , Hein Nelson , Rosa Fabricia Silva , Brizolla Maria Margarete Baccin 
Published: October 2019

AbstractThis study aimed to rank the degree of environmental impact disclosure by approximately 100 Brazilian companies, using the multicriteria methods trade‐off decision analysis and technique for order preference by similarity to an ideal solution. To analyze and compare the data, a descriptive, documentary, and quantitative research effort was conducted with a sample of 97 Brazilian companies belonging to the IBrX‐100 index of the stock exchange from 2010 to 2013. From the companies’ sustainability reports and annual reports, we collected information about five environmental aspects: emissions, effluents, waste, products/services, and transportation. This information was used to identify the level of environmental disclosure using the multicriteria methods, and thus, develop rankings for the companies. The results revealed that only 67 companies disclosed at least one piece of information pertaining to the aspects analyzed. Importantly, from the two multicriteria methods, it was possible to perform environmental disclosure rankings, although there were slight differences in the results between the two methods. However, these differences have to do with the positions of the companies in the rankings. Given the above, these methods can be considered reliable for the development of classifications regarding environmental disclosure of the Brazilian companies analyzed. In addition, they contribute to the understanding of the companies' positions in relation to their environmental impacts and their reductions of these impacts, to create a better and more sustainable world.
How a personalised transportable folding device for seating impacts dysphagia
Authors: Woisard Virginie , Costes Mireille , Colineaux Hélène , Lepage Benoit 
Published: October 2019

Abstract

Purpose
A personalised transportable folding device for seating (DATP) on a standard seat was developed by an occupational therapist at the Toulouse University Hospital Centre (patent no. WO 2011121249 A1) based on the hypothesis that the use of a seat to assist with better positioning on any chair during meals modifies the sitting posture and has an impact on cervical statics which increases the amplitude of movements of the axial skeleton (larynx and hyoid bone) and benefits swallowing. The aim of this work is to demonstrate that an improvement in sitting posture with the help of the DATP, through Hyoid bone motion, has an impact on the quality of swallowing in a dysphagic population which benefits from the device in comparison to a dysphagic population which does not benefit from the device after 1 month of care. The secondary endpoints concern the evaluation of the impact on other characteristics of swallowing, posture, the acceptability of the device and the quality of life.

Methodology
This is a randomised comparative clinical trial. The blind was not possible for the patients but the examiner who evaluated the outcome criterion was blinded to the group to which the patient belonged. The outcome criterion was the measurement of the hyoid bone movement during swallowing. The other criteria were collected during the videofluoroscopic examination of swallowing and by use of a questionnaire. Fifty-six (56) patients were included: 30 in the group without device (D−) and 26 in the group with the device (D+). All the patients benefited from a training course on seating. Only the D+ patients participated in this course where the use of the device was explained and the device was then kept for use at home for 1 month.

Results
A significant improvement was noted in the postural criteria before and after use, in favour of a better posture for the two groups (p < 0.001) and more hyoid bone motion in the D+ group. The difference was significant in the bivariate analysis for horizontal movement (p = 0.04). After adjustment of potential factors of confusion, we noted a significant mean difference for the three distances in the D+ group in comparison to the D− group, of + 0.33 (95% CI [+ 0.17; + 0.48]) for horizontal movement, + 0.22 (95% CI [+ 0.03; + 0.40]) for vertical movement and + 0.37 (95% CI = [+ 0.20; + 0.53]) for horizontal movement. However, the other parameters, and notably the other swallowing markers were not significantly modified by the use of the device.

Conclusion
The personalised transportable folding device for seating developed to reduce dysphagia has an action on hyoid bone motion during swallowing. However, this positive effect on an intermediate outcome criterion of the quality of swallowing was not associated with an improvement in swallowing efficiency in the study population. The diversity of diseases with which the patients in this study were afflicted is a factor to be controlled in future studies with this device.
Outcome in serous ovarian cancer is not associated with LATS expression
Authors: Montavon Céline , Stricker Gregor R. , Schoetzau Andreas , Heinzelmann-Schwarz Viola , Jacob Francis , Fedier André 
Published: October 2019

Abstract

Background
Large tumor suppressor (LATS) proteins are putative tumor suppressors and poorly expressed associated with poor outcome in many cancers. A recent immunohistochemistry study showed that LATS protein expression correlated with poor outcome in serous ovarian cancer.

Materials and methods
We analyzed LATS expression in various ovarian cancer transcriptomic data sets and immunohistochemically assessed LATS protein expression in a Swiss ovarian tumor cohort. Results were compared to clinicopathological characteristics and outcome. We also compared LATS protein expression in serous ovarian cancer cell lines to their EMT status (Western blotting) and drug sensitivity (MTT assay).

Results
The analysis of 15 different transcriptomic data sets showed that LATS2 was associated with poorer outcome, while LATS1 was irrelevant (HR = 1.19 and HR = 1.00, respectively). The TCGA-RNASeqV2 data set showed that low LATS1 and LATS2 were associated with better survival in serous ovarian carcinoma. Despite heterogeneity among the different data sets, LATS expression is not an indicator of survival in serous ovarian cancer and LATS2 expression may even be tumorigenic. LATS expression was neither associated with survival nor with the stage and grade in the Swiss cohort. It was low in cystadenoma, intermediate in carcinoma, and high in borderline tumors and was higher in serous than mucinous ovarian carcinoma. LATS protein expression extent was comparable in epithelial-, intermediate-, and mesenchymal-type ovarian cancer cells and was not associated with drug sensitivity.

Conclusion
These results are largely incompatible with a tumor-suppressive function of LATS in ovarian cancer, and LATS protein level is also not an indicator for drug sensitivity and EMT status of ovarian cancer cells.
Regional integration of long-term national dense GNSS network solutions
Authors: Kenyeres Ambrus , Bellet J. G. , Bruyninx C. , Caporali A. , de Doncker F. , Droscak B. , Duret A. , Franke P. , Georgiev I. , Bingley R. , Huisman L. , Jivall L. , Khoda O. , Kollo K. , Kurt A. I. , Lahtinen S. , Legrand J. , Magyar B. , Mesmaker D. , Morozova K. , Nágl J. , Özdemir S. , Papanikolaou X. , Parseliunas E. , Stangl G. , Ryczywolski M. , Tangen O. B. , Valdes M. , Zurutuza J. , Weber M. 
Published: October 2019

Abstract
The EUREF Permanent Network Densification is a collaborative effort of 26 European GNSS analysis centers providing series of daily or weekly station position estimates of dense national and regional GNSS networks, in order to combine them into one homogenized set of station positions and velocities. During the combination, the station meta-data, including station names, DOMES numbers, and position offset definitions were carefully homogenized, position outliers were efficiently eliminated, and the results were cross-checked for any remaining inconsistencies. The results cover the period from March 1999 to January 2017 (GPS week 1000-1933) and include 31 networks with positions and velocities for 3192 stations, well covering Europe. The positions and velocities are expressed in ITRF2014 and ETRF2014 reference frames based on the Minimum Constraint approach using a selected set of ITRF2014 reference stations. The position alignment with the ITRF2014 is at the level of 1.5, 1.2, and 3.2 mm RMS for the East, North, Up components, respectively, while the velocity RMS values are 0.17, 0.14, and 0.38 mm/year for the East, North, and Up components, respectively. The high quality of the combined solution is also reflected by the 1.1, 1.1, and 3.5 mm weighted RMS values for the East, North, and Up components, respectively.
Overwintering of the western flower thrips in outdoor strawberry crops
Authors: Sampson Clare , Bennison Jude , Kirk William D. J. 
Published: October 2019

AbstractThe western flower thrips, Frankliniella occidentalis (Pergande) (Thysanoptera: Thripidae), is a major pest of semi-protected strawberry crops in the UK. These crops are grown outdoors but sheltered by clear polythene tunnels during the growing season from about April to October. The aims of the study were (1) to test whether F. occidentalis overwinters in strawberry crops in central England, where overwintering in outdoor crops has not previously been demonstrated and (2) to test whether overwintering affects the thrips population during the following season. F. occidentalis was found breeding on several crop weeds that often flower throughout the year, including common chickweed (Stellaria media), groundsel (Senecio vulgaris) and dandelion (Taraxacum officinale). F. occidentalis female adults were found throughout the winter in flowers of these weeds and caught every month on blue sticky traps. Transparent emergence traps placed over various locations in a second-year crop in March caught adult thrips over the following month, showing that thrips survived within the crop. Second-year strawberry crops had earlier infestations and significantly more F. occidentalis adults per flower than nearby first-year crops at the start of the season, indicating that thrips that overwinter in and around retained crops contribute to pest build-up in the following season. Control of overwintering F. occidentalis after the end of first-year cropping before second-year cropping, or growing crops for only 1 year, is a potential strategy to improve thrips management in strawberry. The survival of F. occidentalis over winter on outdoor crops raises concerns that the species could in time become established on other outdoor crops.
Multimode resource-constrained project scheduling in flexible projects
Authors: Kosztyán Zsolt T. , Szalkai István 
Published: October 2019

Abstract
Flexible agile and extreme project management methods have become increasingly popular among practitioners, particularly in the IT and R&D sectors. In contrast to the theoretically and algorithmically well-established and developed trade-off and multimode methods applied in traditional project management methods, flexible project scheduling methods, which are applied in agile, hybrid, and especially extreme project management, lack a principled foundation and algorithmic handling. The aim of this paper is to fill this gap. We propose a matrix-based method that provides scores for alternative project plans that host flexible task dependencies and undecided, supplementary task completion while also handling the new but unplanned tasks. In addition, traditional multimode resource-constrained project scheduling problems are also covered. The proposed method can bridge the flexible and traditional approaches.
Psychometric validation of the Japanese version of Alcohol Quality of Life Scale (AQoLS-Japan) in the treatment of patients with alcohol use disorder
Authors: Higuchi Susumu , Moriguchi Yoshiya , Tan Kristin Hui Xian 
Published: October 2019

Abstract

Purpose
The Alcohol Quality of Life Scale (AQoLS) is accepted as a useful measure in assessing impact of alcohol use disorders (AUD) on health-related quality of life (HR-QoL) in Western cultures. We aimed to assess the psychometric properties of the Japanese version of the AQoLS (AQoLS-Japan).

Methods
This was a 3-month, observational cohort study in patients undergoing routine treatment for AUD in Japan. HR-QoL was assessed using the AQoLS-Japan (34 items, 7 dimensions). Scale psychometrics were analyzed using correlative techniques.

Results
Data from 132 patients were analyzed. Inter-item and item-scale correlations for the AQoLS-Japan scale were moderate to strong. Confirmatory factor analysis results supported the AQoLS-Japan structure but there was evidence of interdependency among some items and factors. Cronbach’s alpha coefficients for internal consistency ranged from 0.73 to 0.97, and intraclass correlation coefficients for scores between test (baseline) and retest (2 weeks) ranged from 0.65 to 0.82. Convergent and divergent validity and known-groups validity were supported. Evaluation of within-group change demonstrated that the AQoLS-Japan total and domains consistently demonstrated statistically significant improvement (p < 0.001 in all cases) in HR-QoL over time. Estimates for minimal clinically important difference on the AQoLS-Japan total score ranged from 13.2 to 18.2 for group-level change and from 2.4 to 15.7 for a group-level difference.

Conclusions
The AQoLS-Japan is a reliable and valid measure of HR-QoL that is able to demonstrate benefits associated with the routine treatment of AUD in Japan.
On the positivity and magnitudes of Bayesian quadrature weights
Authors: Karvonen Toni , Kanagawa Motonobu , Särkkä Simo 
Published: October 2019

AbstractThis article reviews and studies the properties of Bayesian quadrature weights, which strongly affect stability and robustness of the quadrature rule. Specifically, we investigate conditions that are needed to guarantee that the weights are positive or to bound their magnitudes. First, it is shown that the weights are positive in the univariate case if the design points locally minimise the posterior integral variance and the covariance kernel is totally positive (e.g. Gaussian and Hardy kernels). This suggests that gradient-based optimisation of design points may be effective in constructing stable and robust Bayesian quadrature rules. Secondly, we show that magnitudes of the weights admit an upper bound in terms of the fill distance and separation radius if the RKHS of the kernel is a Sobolev space (e.g. Matérn kernels), suggesting that quasi-uniform points should be used. A number of numerical examples demonstrate that significant generalisations and improvements appear to be possible, manifesting the need for further research.
A modern retrospective on probabilistic numerics
Authors: Oates C. J. , Sullivan T. J. 
Published: October 2019

AbstractThis article attempts to place the emergence of probabilistic numerics as a mathematical–statistical research field within its historical context and to explore how its gradual development can be related both to applications and to a modern formal treatment. We highlight in particular the parallel contributions of Sul$$'$$′din and Larkin in the 1960s and how their pioneering early ideas have reached a degree of maturity in the intervening period, mediated by paradigms such as average-case analysis and information-based complexity. We provide a subjective assessment of the state of research in probabilistic numerics and highlight some difficulties to be addressed by future works.
Epistemic Injustice in Finance
Authors: de Bruin Boudewijn 
Published: October 2019

AbstractThis article applies philosophical work on epistemic injustice and cognate concepts (such as epistemic self-confidence) to study gender and racial disparity in financial markets. Members of disadvantaged groups often receive inferior financial services (they pay higher interest rates on loans, their loan applications are more likely to be rejected, etc.). In most jurisdictions, it is illegal to provide discriminatorily disparate treatment to groups defined by gender and skin colour. Racial disparity in financial services is generally considered to be discriminatory (and therefore illegal). The standard view among most regulators is that gender disparity is not discriminatory, though. Through an analysis of various exemplary cases, I propose testimonial injustice as a candidate explanation for some of the existing forms of racial disparity found in financial services. I show how prejudices about gender and finance decrease epistemic self-confidence, and how this leads to gender disparity. And I consider particularly intractable forms of self-fulfilling testimonial injustice.
Zu einer schnelleren und besseren individualisierten Diagnostik
Authors: Burckhardt Irene 
Published: October 2019

Abstract
Total lab automation automates inoculation, incubation and analysis of human specimens. It enables the laboratory to shorten incubation times and significantly reduce the time to report. It improves the quality of microbiologic analysis by increasing the number of grown organisms. In the future it will enable automatic reading and fully automated identification and susceptibility testing of bacteria.
Antioxidative system response of pedunculate oak (Quercus robur L.) seedlings to Cd exposure
Authors: Sozoniuk Magdalena , Nowak Michał , Dudziak Karolina , Bulak Piotr , Leśniowska-Nowak Justyna , Kowalczyk Krzysztof 
Published: October 2019

Abstract
The use of pedunculate oak (Quercus robur L.), along with other tree species, for the afforestation of heavy metal contaminated lands is an attractive prospect. Little, however, is known of Q. robur tolerance and its antioxidative system response to heavy metal exposure. The main objective of the study was to determine the cadmium-induced changes in antioxidative system of pedunculate oak in an attempt to identify molecular mechanisms underlying Cd tolerance. This may be of great importance in respect of using Q. robur for phytoremediation purposes. As the response of the antioxidative system to heavy metal contamination can vary within species, the research was conducted on oak seedlings from two different regions of origin. Differences in antioxidative system response of seedlings derived from tested regions of origin were noticed both at the transcript and enzyme activity levels. The obtained results indicate that ascorbate peroxidase (APX; EC 1.11.1.11) and superoxide dismutase (SOD; EC 1.15.1.1) play a first barrier role in oak seedlings response to the oxidative stress caused by Cd exposure. Catalase (CAT; EC 1.11.1.6) is involved in reducing the negative effects of prolonged Cd treatment.