bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Genetic variation in 117 myelination-related genes in schizophrenia: Replication of association to lipid biosynthesis genes
Authors: Stokowy Tomasz , Polushina Tatiana , Sønderby Ida E. , Karlsson Robert , Giddaluru Sudheer , Le Hellard Stephanie , Bergen Sarah E. , Sullivan Patrick F. , Andreassen Ole A. , Djurovic Srdjan , Hultman Christina M. , Steen Vidar M. 
Published: April 2018

AbstractSchizophrenia is a serious psychotic disorder with high heritability. Several common genetic variants, rare copy number variants and ultra-rare gene-disrupting mutations have been linked to disease susceptibility, but there is still a large gap between the estimated and explained heritability. Since several studies have indicated brain myelination abnormalities in schizophrenia, we aimed to examine whether variants in myelination-related genes could be associated with risk for schizophrenia. We established a set of 117 myelination genes by database searches and manual curation. We used a combination of GWAS (SCZ_N = 35,476; CTRL_N = 46,839), exome chip (SCZ_N = 269; CTRL_N = 336) and exome sequencing data (SCZ_N = 2,527; CTRL_N = 2,536) from schizophrenia cases and healthy controls to examine common and rare variants. We found that a subset of lipid-related genes was nominally associated with schizophrenia (p = 0.037), but this signal did not survive multiple testing correction (FWER = 0.16) and was mainly driven by the SREBF1 and SREBF2 genes that have already been linked to schizophrenia. Further analysis demonstrated that the lowest nominal p-values were p = 0.0018 for a single common variant (rs8539) and p = 0.012 for burden of rare variants (LRP1 gene), but none of them survived multiple testing correction. Our findings suggest that variation in myelination-related genes is not a major risk factor for schizophrenia.
Variability and Reproducibility of 3rd-generation dual-source dynamic volume perfusion CT Parameters in Comparison to MR-perfusion Parameters in Rectal Cancer
Authors: Sudarski Sonja , Henzler Thomas , Floss Teresa , Gaa Tanja , Meyer Mathias , Haubenreisser Holger , Schoenberg Stefan O. , Attenberger Ulrike I. 
Published: April 2018

AbstractTo compare in patients with untreated rectal cancer quantitative perfusion parameters calculated from 3rd-generation dual-source dynamic volume perfusion CT (dVPCT) with 3-Tesla-MR-perfusion with regard to data variability and tumour differentiation. In MR-perfusion, plasma flow (PF), plasma volume (PV) and mean transit time (MTT) were assessed in two measurements (M1 and M2) by the same reader. In dVPCT, blood flow (BF), blood volume (BV), MTT and permeability (PERM) were assessed respectively. CT dose values were calculated. 20 patients (60 ± 13 years) were analysed. Intra-individual and intra-reader variability of duplicate MR-perfusion measurements was higher compared to duplicate dVPCT measurements. dVPCT-derived BF, BV and PERM could differentiate between tumour and normal rectal wall (significance level for M1 and M2, respectively, regarding BF: p < 0.0001*/0.0001*; BV: p < 0.0001*/0.0001*; MTT: p = 0.93/0.39; PERM: p < 0.0001*/0.0001*), with MR-perfusion this was true for PF and PV (p-values M1/M2 for PF: p = 0.04*/0.01*; PV: p = 0.002*/0.003*; MTT: p = 0.70/0.27*). Mean effective dose of CT-staging incl. dVPCT was 29 ± 6 mSv (20 ± 5 mSv for dVPCT alone). In conclusion, dVPCT has a lower data variability than MR-perfusion while both dVPCT and MR-perfusion could differentiate tumour tissue from normal rectal wall. With 3rd-generation dual-source CT dVPCT could be included in a standard CT-staging without exceeding national dose reference values.
Engineering of III-Nitride Semiconductors on Low Temperature Co-fired Ceramics
Authors: Mánuel J. M. , Jiménez J. J. , Morales F. M. , Lacroix B. , Santos A. J. , García R. , Blanco E. , Domínguez M. , Ramírez M. , Beltrán A. M. , Alexandrov D. , Tot J. , Dubreuil R. , Videkov V. , Andreev S. , Tzaneva B. , Bartsch H. , Breiling J. , Pezoldt J. , Fischer M. , Müller J. 
Published: April 2018

AbstractThis work presents results in the field of advanced substrate solutions in order to achieve high crystalline quality group-III nitrides based heterostructures for high frequency and power devices or for sensor applications. With that objective, Low Temperature Co-fired Ceramics has been used, as a non-crystalline substrate. Structures like these have never been developed before, and for economic reasons will represent a groundbreaking material in these fields of Electronic. In this sense, the report presents the characterization through various techniques of three series of specimens where GaN was deposited on this ceramic composite, using different buffer layers, and a singular metal-organic chemical vapor deposition related technique for low temperature deposition. Other single crystalline ceramic-based templates were also utilized as substrate materials, for comparison purposes.
Orbital-selective spin excitation of a magnetic porphyrin
Authors: Rubio-Verdú Carmen , Sarasola Ane , Choi Deung-Jang , Majzik Zsolt , Ebeling René , Calvo M. Reyes , Ugeda Miguel M. , Garcia-Lekue Aran , Sánchez-Portal Daniel , Pascual Jose Ignacio 
Published: April 2018

AbstractScattering of electrons by localized spins is the ultimate process enabling detection and control of the magnetic state of a spin-doped material. At the molecular scale, scattering is mediated by the orbitals hosting the spin. Here we report the selective excitation of a molecular spin by tunneling through different molecular orbitals. Spatially resolved tunneling spectra on iron-porphyrins reveal that the inelastic spin excitation extends beyond the iron site, changing shape and symmetry along the molecule. Combining density functional theory simulations with a phenomenological scattering model, we show that the extension and lineshape of the inelastic signal are due to excitation pathways assisted by different frontier orbitals. By selecting the intramolecular site for electron injection, the relative weight of iron and pyrrole orbitals in the tunneling process is modified. Thus, the excitation mechanism, reflected by its spectral lineshape, depends on the degree of localization and energy alignment of the chosen molecular orbital.
Auftreten eines genitalen Lichen sclerosus et atrophicus unter Pembrolizumab-Therapie eines metastasierten malignen Melanoms
Authors: Troyanova-Slavkova S. , Opitz S. , Eickenscheidt L. , Kowalzick L. 
Published: April 2018

ZusammenfassungPembrolizumab ist ein monoklonaler Antikörper, der an den PD-1-Rezeptor auf T-Zellen bindet und die Interaktion mit den Liganden PD-L1 und PD-L2 auf Krebszellen hemmt. Pembrolizumab wird für die Behandlung fortgeschrittener Tumorerkrankungen, v. a. für das metastasierte maligne Melanom angewendet. Zu den bekannten Nebenwirkungen dieser Therapie gehören neben kutanen Nebenwirkungen Müdigkeit, Dysfunktion der Schilddrüse und Kolitis. Diese sind durch die immunregulatorischen Eigenschaften des Medikaments bedingt. Hier berichten wir über den Fall einer 74-jährigen Patientin mit metastasiertem malignen Melanom, die unter einer Therapie mit Pembrolizumab zwar Stabilität des Tumorleidens zeigte, aber auch einen ausgedehnten Lichen sclerosus et atrophicus der Vulva entwickelte. Dieser Fall ergänzt die Kenntnisse über mögliche kutane Nebenwirkungen einer PD-1-Inhibitor-Therapie.
Kontrolle bei älteren Patienten spart Geld und verbessert die Gesundheit
Authors: Blaich Cornelia 
Published: April 2018

Malet-Larrea A et al. Cost analysis and costbenefit analysis of a medication review with follow-up service in aged polypharmacy patients. Eur J Health Econ 2017;
18: 1069–1078
Arzneimittelbezogene Probleme durch Medikationsfehler oder unerwünschte Wirkungen verschlingen Gesundheitsressourcen und sind eine finanzielle Belastung für
das Gesundheitssystem. Vor allem ältere Patienten, die häufig viele Medikamenten einnehmen, sind von arzneimittelbezogenen Problemen und deren negativen
klinischen Auswirkungen betroffen. Eine individuelle Überprüfung der Pharmakotherapie eines Patienten hilft, vermeidbare Medikationsfehler und
Nebenwirkungen zu verhindern.
Zur Qualität der Dialysebehandlung in Deutschland
Authors: Thiem Helena 
Published: April 2018

Büchtemann D et al. 10 Jahre Qualitätssicherung Dialyse in Deutschland – Bilanz und Ausblick. Z Evid Fortbild Qual Gesundh wesen 2017; 126: 23–30
Im April 2006 wurde die Qualitätssicherungsrichtlinie Dialyse (QSD-RL) des Gemeinsamen Bundesausschusses beschlossen. Ziel war die Sicherstellung einer hohen
Behandlungsqualität sowie deren stetige Verbesserung. Adressaten der Richtlinie sind alle Mediziner, die im Rahmen der vertragsärztlichen Versorgung die
Dialyse durchführen. Die Autoren wollen in ihrer Untersuchung nun erstmals die Ergebnisqualität der Behandlungen beurteilen.
Antiprotozoal Diterpenes from Perovskia abrotanoides
Authors: Tabefam Marzieh , Farimani Mahdi , Danton Ombeline , Ramseyer Justine , Kaiser Marcel , Ebrahimi Samad , Salehi Peyman , Batooli Hossien , Potterat Olivier , Hamburger Matthias 
Published: April 2018

AbstractAs part of a screening for new antiparasitic natural products from Iranian plants, n-hexane and ethyl acetate extracts from the aerial parts of Perovskia abrotanoides were found to exhibit strong inhibitory activity against Trypanosoma brucei rhodesiense and Leishmania donovani. The activity was tracked by high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC)-based activity profiling. Preparative isolation by a combination of silica gel column chromatography and HPLC afforded 17 diterpenoids (1–17), including 14 abietane-, two icetexane-, and one isopimarane-type derivatives. Among these, (5R,10S)-11-hydroxy-12-methoxy-20-norabieta-8,11,13-triene (2), 12-hydroxy-norabieta-1(10),8,11,13-tetraene-1,11-furan (6), and 12-methoxybarbatusol (9) were new compounds, the structure of which was established by comprehensive spectroscopic data analysis (one- and two-dimensional nuclear magnetic resonance, high-resolution electrospray ionization mass spectrometry, electronic circular dichroism). The antiprotozoal activity of the isolated compounds was evaluated against T. b. rhodesiense, Trypanosoma cruzi, L. donovani, and Plasmodium falciparum. Selectivity indexes (SI) were calculated in comparison to cytotoxicity on rat myoblast (L6) cells. Particularly active were 7α-ethoxyrosmanol (4) with an IC50 of 0.8 µM against T. b. rhodesiense (SI 14.9) and an IC50 of 1.8 µM (SI 6.9) against L. donovani, ferruginol (8) with an IC50 of 2.9 µM (SI 19.2) against P. falciparum, and miltiodiol (10) with an IC50 of 0.5 µM (SI 10.5) against T. b. rhodesiense. None of the compounds exhibited selective toxicity against T. cruzi (SI ≤ 1.6).
The Battle Ground between Two Giants: Toe Transfer and Hand Allotransplantation
Authors: AL Deek Nidal , Wei Fu-Chan 
Published: April 2018

A few severe hand injuries represent a gray zone for the reconstructive surgeon, for which autologous tissue transfer and allotransplantation can yield satisfactory results, but not without downsides or morbidity.This article is written to address the dilemma of application of both techniques in those selected cases.
Bilateral Supratentorial Subdural Hematomas after Craniotomy for Posterior Fossa Tumor Removal
Authors: Solomou Aikaterini , Kraniotis Pantelis , Bonanos George , Constantoyannis Constantine 
Published: April 2018

AbstractA 69-year-old man was admitted to the emergency department with headache and dizziness. He was submitted to brain computed tomography (CT) which showed a tumor in the right cerebellar hemisphere, findings which were subsequently confirmed with magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). He underwent a paramedian suboccipital craniotomy for removal of the mass. Histology confirmed the presence of a hemangiopericytoma. The patient was discharged 5 days postoperatively with improvement in his symptoms. Fifteen days later, he presented with gait difficulties. Clinical examination revealed positive Mingazzini sign on his left side. He was submitted to brain MRI which revealed bilateral subdural hematomas on late subacute stage with mass effect and midline shift caused by the largest on the right. The patient underwent burr hole evacuation of the right subdural hematoma. The postoperative CT showed evacuation of the right chronic subdural hematoma. Two days postoperatively, the patient's symptoms improved.
Knochenentnahme am Becken aus Sicht der Mund-, Kiefer- und Gesichtschirurgie
Authors: Lautner Nora , Hölzle Frank , Modabber Ali 
Published: April 2018

ZusammenfassungAutologer Knochen bietet durch seine positiven Eigenschaften wie Osteoinduktion, -konduktion und -genese unter Vermeidung immunologischer Risiken die idealen Voraussetzungen zur erfolgreichen Augmentation oder Rekonstruktion im mund-, kiefer- und gesichtschirurgischen Bereich. Der anteriore Beckenkamm stellt aufgrund seiner vielen Vorteile wie gute Verfügbarkeit, ausreichendes Knochenangebot und mannigfaltiger Auswahl an Knochenqualitäten (kortikal, kortikospongiös, spongiös) sowie der geringen Entnahmemorbidität den „Goldstandard“ dar. Die Entnahme aus dem posterioren Beckenkamm bietet die Möglichkeit, bei ausgeprägtem Augmentationsbedarf größere Mengen freien Knochens zu transplantieren. Diese geht jedoch gleichzeitig mit dem Nachteil der Patientenumpositionierung und dem damit verbundenen erhöhten intraoperativen Zeitaufwand einher. Durch die Verwendung eines mikrochirurgischen Beckenkammtransplantats können große, bis zur Unterkiefermitte reichende Knochenanteile des Unterkiefers rekonstruiert werden. Im späteren Verlauf ermöglicht der Einsatz enossaler Implantate eine erfolgreiche mastikatorische Rehabilitation. Die Art und Qualität jedes einzelnen Knochentransplantats – unabhängig davon, ob frei oder mikrovaskulär – sollte immer sorgfältig geprüft und entsprechend dem Bedarf eines jeden Patienten individuell ausgewählt sowie sorgsam durchgeführt werden.
Spätfolgen – Beckenchirurgie
Authors: Keel Marius Johann Baptist , Bastian Johannes Dominik 
Published: April 2018

ZusammenfassungNonunions and Malunions des Beckens werden nach inadäquater Reposition und Fixation des vorderen und hinteren Beckenrings beobachtet. Klinisch zeigen sich Schmerzen, Beschwerden beim Gehen oder Sitzen, Beinlängenunterschiede oder Probleme beim Wasserlösen und Sexualverkehr. In über 30% treten Beckendeformitäten auf, die sowohl klinisch als auch radiologisch imponieren. Für die präoperative Planung sollten eine Beckenübersicht, eine Inlet- und Outlet-Untersuchung wie auch eine Computertomografie mit 3-D-Rekonstruktionen durchgeführt werden. Nonunions werden mit einem 2-stufigen Konzept operativ revidiert. Sowohl am vorderen als auch am hinteren Beckenring wird die Pseudarthrose debridiert, Knochen angelagert und eine stabile innere Fixation durchgeführt. Bei partiell oder nicht geheilten Beckendeformitäten oder eigentlichen Malunions (verheilte Beckenfehlstellungen) des Beckenrings erfolgt eine 3-stufige Versorgung mit Mobilisierung der Symphyse oder Osteotomien der oberen und unteren Schambeinäste, gefolgt von der Mobilisierung des Iliosakralgelenkes oder Osteotomie des Sakrums mit offener Reposition und innerer Fixation. Im 3. Schritt wird der vordere Beckenring fixiert. In über 80% tritt nach dieser anspruchsvollen Chirurgie eine Heilung ein. Neurologische Defizite oder thromboembolische Komplikationen sind am häufigsten und werden in je 5% beobachtet.
The cognitive load of interpreters in the European Parliament
Authors: Plevoets Koen , Defrancq Bart 
Published: April 2018

AbstractCognitive load is a major source of processing difficulties in both interpreting and monolingual speech. This article focuses on measurement of cognitive load by examining the occurrence rate of the disfluencyuh(m)in two corpora of naturalistic language: the EPICG, with specific reference to Dutch interpretations of French source texts in the European Parliament; and the sub-corpus of non-interpreted parliamentary speeches from the Spoken Dutch Corpus. In both corpora, the frequency per utterance ofuh(m)was studied, in relation to delivery rate, lexical density, presence of numbers and formulaicity (i.e. the number of N-grams), as a Generalised Additive Mixed-effects Model: the frequency ofuh(m)in interpretations increases with the lexical density of the source text, while it is inversely related to the formulaicity of both the source text and the target text. These findings indicate the maintenance of a cognitive equilibrium between input load and output load.
Stepping into others’ shoes
Authors: Gyogi Eiko 
Published: April 2018

Abstract
The purpose of this paper is to examine possible uses of translation in language teaching in the beginner-level language classroom. In particular, it analyses students’ performance in the translation of e-mails of refusal from Japanese to English before and after a series of five study sessions. The results show a significant change in students’ performance before and after the sessions. Before the study sessions, students largely focused on the transfer of the referential meanings of words and syntactic structure. In contrast, after the sessions, students took into consideration a range of the factors at stake in translation, including the relationship between the writer and reader, the nature of e-mails, and the writer’s intentions/feelings. Based on these results, this paper argues that (1) translation activities enable beginner students to act as cultural mediators between the writer of the source text and the reader of the target text, by mitigating potentially offensive acts to the reader; and (2) they encourage students to be more conscious of their choice of words and of the consequences of those choices.
Calling for translation literacy
Authors: Klitgård Ida 
Published: April 2018

AbstractWhen Danish university students write essays, project reports or theses in their L1, based on a reading of sources in English as an L2, a covert interlingual translation process takes place when summarizing, paraphrasing or synthesizing the sources. Unfortunately, due to poor L2 reading skills as well as general translation competences, the English source texts risk being mistranslated in such a way that they are misrepresented. Thus, I suggest that we address the need for translation literacy, this being viewed as an academic skill, a language awareness learning process and a discourse practice in the international university context, which is increasingly relying on research published in English.Based on an empirical analysis of student academic writing, I argue that translation literacy is needed when teaching academic reading-for-writing in higher education in general. Mastering translation competences may facilitate more in-depth understanding of the foreign language sources used as well as raise students’ intercultural awareness in a multilingual world at large.
Multiple Regions of a Cortical Network Commonly Encode the Meaning of Words in Multiple Grammatical Positions of Read Sentences
Authors: Anderson Andrew James , Lalor Edmund C , Lin Feng , Binder Jeffrey R , Fernandino Leonardo , Humphries Colin J , Conant Lisa L , Raizada Rajeev D S , Grimm Scott , Wang Xixi 
Published: April 2018

AbstractDeciphering how sentence meaning is represented in the brain remains a major challenge to science. Semantically related neural activity has recently been shown to arise concurrently in distributed brain regions as successive words in a sentence are read. However, what semantic content is represented by different regions, what is common across them, and how this relates to words in different grammatical positions of sentences is weakly understood. To address these questions, we apply a semantic model of word meaning to interpret brain activation patterns elicited in sentence reading. The model is based on human ratings of 65 sensory/motor/emotional and cognitive features of experience with words (and their referents). Through a process of mapping functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging activation back into model space we test: which brain regions semantically encode content words in different grammatical positions (e.g., subject/verb/object); and what semantic features are encoded by different regions. In left temporal, inferior parietal, and inferior/superior frontal regions we detect the semantic encoding of words in all grammatical positions tested and reveal multiple common components of semantic representation. This suggests that sentence comprehension involves a common core representation of multiple words’ meaning being encoded in a network of regions distributed across the brain.
Training of Mexican elders as health promoters: a qualitative study
Authors: Martínez-Maldonado María de la Luz , Chapela Consuelo , Mendoza-Núñez Víctor Manuel 
Published: April 2018

Abstract
The purpose of the study was to analyze the repercussion of a training program in gerontological health promotion addressed to senior citizens in a rural area in Mexico. The impact of the program was examined at two levels: first, with regard to the development of specific practices relating to primary health care and to the actual implementation of community health programs and, second, through the interpretive analysis of bodily inscriptions in the participants. Results gave evidence of a gradual empowering process among the elderly health promoters who consistently developed a position of responsibility and autonomy regarding the control of their lives and, at the same time, an increasingly open critical attitude with regard to the social role ascribed to them by the community. Furthermore, the knowledge, sense of and meanings that operated on the significant practices of the participants were consistently determined by the extent of their social capital and habitus. It was important to note that the intervention research program did not lead to permanent changes in the participants’ habitus, whereas their main effects were associated to a greater consolidation of social support networks and to the acquisition of a salient position in their community given the symbolic cultural capital that represented having obtained an official certification. To conclude, a diversity of outcomes was evident in the participants as a result of the intervention program, depending on their personal biographies, social and cultural capitals, and on their particular positions within their community.
There are No Transcendental Brauer–Manin Obstructions on Abelian Varieties
Authors: Creutz Brendan 
Published: April 2018

Abstract
Suppose X is a torsor under an abelian variety A over a number field. We show that any adelic point of X that is orthogonal to the algebraic Brauer group of X is orthogonal to the whole Brauer group of X. We also show that if there is a Brauer–Manin obstruction to the existence of rational points on X, then there is already an obstruction coming from the locally constant Brauer classes. These results had previously been established under the assumption that A has finite Tate–Shafarevich group. Our results are unconditional.