bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Human grasping database for activities of daily living with depth, color and kinematic data streams
Authors: Saudabayev Artur , Rysbek Zhanibek , Khassenova Raykhan , Varol Huseyin Atakan 
Published: May 2018

AbstractThis paper presents a grasping database collected from multiple human subjects for activities of daily living in unstructured environments. The main strength of this database is the use of three different sensing modalities: color images from a head-mounted action camera, distance data from a depth sensor on the dominant arm and upper body kinematic data acquired from an inertial motion capture suit. 3826 grasps were identified in the data collected during 9-hours of experiments. The grasps were grouped according to a hierarchical taxonomy into 35 different grasp types. The database contains information related to each grasp and associated sensor data acquired from the three sensor modalities. We also provide our data annotation software written in Matlab as an open-source tool. The size of the database is 172 GB. We believe this database can be used as a stepping stone to develop big data and machine learning techniques for grasping and manipulation with potential applications in rehabilitation robotics and intelligent automation.
The seven sisters DANCe
Authors: Olivares J. , Sarro L. M. , Moraux E. , Berihuete A. , Bouy H. , Hernández-Jiménez S. , Bertin E. , Galli P. A. B. , Huelamo N. , Bouvier J. , Barrado D. 
Published: May 2018

Context. The photometric and astrometric measurements of the Pleiades DANCe DR2 survey provide an excellent test case for the benchmarking of statistical tools aiming at the disentanglement and characterisation of nearby young open cluster (NYOC) stellar populations.Aims. We aim to develop, test, and characterise of a new statistical tool (intelligent system) for the sifting and analysis of NYOC populations.Methods. Using a Bayesian formalism, with this statistical tool we were able to obtain the posterior distributions of parameters governing the cluster model. It also used hierarchical bayesian models to establish weakly informative priors, and incorporates the treatment of missing values and non-homogeneous (heteroscedastic) observational uncertainties.Results. From simulations, we estimated that this statistical tool renders kinematic (proper motion) and photometric (luminosity) distributions of the cluster population with a contamination rate of 5.8 ± 0.2%. The luminosity distributions and present day mass function agree with the ones found in a recent study, on the completeness interval of the survey. At the probability threshold of maximum accuracy, the classifier recovers ≈90% of the recently published candidate members and finds 10% of new ones.Conclusions. A new statistical tool for the analysis of NYOC is introduced, tested, and characterised. Its comprehensive modelling of the data properties allows it to get rid of the biases present in previous works. In particular, those resulting from the use of only completely observed (non-missing) data and the assumption of homoskedastic uncertainties. Also, its Bayesian framework allows it to properly propagate observational uncertainties into membership probabilities and cluster velocity and luminosity distributions. Our results are in a general agreement with those from the literature, although we provide the most up-to-date and extended list of candidate members of the Pleiades cluster.
Modelling of integrated-light spectra from the optical to the near-infrared: the globular cluster G280 in M31
Authors: Larsen S. S. , Pugliese G. , Brodie J. P. 
Published: May 2018

Context. In previous papers, we introduced our method for measuring chemical abundances from integrated-light spectra of globular clusters and applied it to a variety of extragalactic star clusters. Our work so far, however, has concentrated primarily on the optical range 4200 Å –6200 Å.
Aims. Here we extend our analysis technique to the infrared and test it on an H-band spectrum of the massive globular cluster G280 in M 31.
Methods. We simultaneously analyse an optical spectrum of G280, obtained with the HIRES spectrograph on the Keck I telescope, and an H-band spectrum obtained with NIRSPEC on Keck II. We discuss the sensitivity of our results to various modifications of the input assumptions, such as different line lists and isochrones and the possible presence of a metallicity spread in G280.
Results. When using the most recent version of the Kurucz line list, we measure iron abundances of [Fe/H] = −0.68±0.02 from the optical spectrum and [Fe/H] = −0.60±0.07 from the infrared spectrum. These values agree well with previous spectroscopic determinations of the metallicity of G280. While the small difference between the optical and infrared measurements is insignificant given the uncertainties, it is also consistent with a metallicity spread similar to that observed in massive GCs such as ω Cen and G1, and also hinted at by the colour-magnitude diagram of G280. The optical and infrared spectra both indicate an α-enhancement of about 0.3–0.4 dex relative to solar-scaled abundances, as typically also observed in Milky Way GCs.
Conclusions. From this analysis, it appears that our integrated-light analysis technique also performs well in the H-band. However, complications due to the presence of molecular bands and telluric contamination are more severe in the infrared, and accurate modelling of the coolest giants is more critical.
Extended percolation analysis of the cosmic web
Authors: Einasto J. , Suhhonenko I. , Liivamägi L. J. , Einasto M. 
Published: May 2018

Aims. We develop an extended percolation method to allow the comparison of geometrical properties of the real cosmic web with the simulated dark matter (DM) web for an ensemble of over- and under-density systems.
Methods. We scanned density fields of DM model and Sloan Digital Sky Survey (SDSS) observational samples and found connected over- and under-density regions in a large range of threshold densities. Lengths, filling factors, and numbers of largest clusters and voids as functions of the threshold density were used as percolation functions.
Results. We find that percolation functions of DM models of varying box sizes are very similar to each other. This stability suggests that properties of the cosmic web, as found in the present paper, can be applied to the cosmic web as a whole. Percolation functions depend strongly on the smoothing length. At smoothing length 1 h−1 Mpc the percolation threshold density for clusters is log PC = 0.718 ± 0.014, and for voids such density is log PV = −0.816 ± 0.015; this is very different from percolation thresholds for random samples, which are log P0 = 0.00 ± 0.02.
Conclusions. The extended percolation analysis is a versatile method to study various geometrical properties of the cosmic web in a wide range of parameters. Percolation functions of the SDSS sample are very different from percolation functions of DM model samples. The SDSS sample has only one large percolating void that fills almost the whole volume. The SDSS sample contains numerous small isolated clusters at low threshold densities, instead of one single percolating DM cluster. These differences are due to the tenuous DM web, which is present in model samples but absent in real observational samples.
An updated stellar census of the Quintuplet cluster
Authors: Clark J. S. , Lohr M. E. , Patrick L. R. , Najarro F. , Dong H. , Figer D. F. 
Published: May 2018

Context. Found within the central molecular zone, the Quintuplet is one of the most massive young clusters in the Galaxy. As a consequence it offers the prospect of constraining stellar formation and evolution in extreme environments. However, current observations suggest that it comprises a remarkably diverse stellar population that is difficult to reconcile with an instantaneous formation event.
Aims. To better understand the nature of the cluster our aim is to improve observational constraints on the constituent stars.
Methods. In order to accomplish this goal we present Hubble Space Telescope/NICMOS+WFC3 photometry and Very Large Telescope/SINFONI+KMOS spectroscopy for ∼100 and 71 cluster members, respectively.
Results. Spectroscopy of the cluster members reveals the Quintuplet to be far more homogeneous than previously expected. All supergiants are classified as either O7–8 Ia or O9–B0 Ia, with only one object of earlier (O5 I–III) spectral type. These stars form a smooth morphological sequence with a cohort of seven early-B hypergiants and six luminous blue variables and WN9-11h stars, which comprise the richest population of such stars of any stellar aggregate known. In parallel, we identify a smaller population of late-O hypergiants and spectroscopically similar WN8–9ha stars. No further H-free Wolf–Rayet (WR) stars are identified, leaving an unexpectedly extreme ratio of 13:1 for WC/WN stars. A subset of the O9–B0 supergiants are unexpectedly faint, suggesting they are both less massive and older than the greater cluster population. Finally, no main sequence objects were identifiable.
Conclusions. Due to uncertainties over which extinction law to apply, it was not possible to quantitatively determine a cluster age via isochrone fitting. Nevertheless, we find an impressive coincidence between the properties of cluster members preceding the H-free WR phase and the evolutionary predictions for a single, non-rotating 60 M⊙ star; in turn this implies an age of ∼3.0–3.6 Myr for the Quintuplet. Neither the late O-hypergiants nor the low luminosity supergiants are predicted by such a path; we suggest that the former either result from rapid rotators or are the products of binary driven mass-stripping, while the latter may be interlopers. The H-free WRs must evolve from stars with an initial mass in excess of 60 M⊙ but it appears difficult to reconcile their observational properties with theoretical expectations. This is important since one would expect the most massive stars within the Quintuplet to be undergoing core-collapse/SNe at this time; since the WRs represent an evolutionary phase directly preceding this event,their physical properties are crucial to understanding both this process and the nature of the resultant relativistic remnant. As such, the Quintuplet provides unique observational constraints on the evolution and death of the most massive stars forming in the local, high metallicity Universe.
The Integration of Metabolomics and Next-Generation Sequencing Data to Elucidate the Pathways of Natural Product Metabolism in Medicinal Plants
Authors: Scossa Federico , Benina Maria , Alseekh Saleh , Zhang Youjun , Fernie Alisdair 
Published: May 2018

AbstractPlants have always been used as medicines since ancient times to treat diseases. The knowledge around the active components of herbal preparations has remained nevertheless fragmentary: the biosynthetic pathways of many secondary metabolites of pharmacological importance have been clarified only in a few species, while the chemodiversity present in many medicinal plants has remained largely unexplored. Despite the advancements of synthetic biology for production of medicinal compounds in heterologous hosts, the native plant species are often the most reliable and economic source for their production. It thus becomes fundamental to investigate the metabolic composition of medicinal plants to characterize their natural metabolic diversity and to define the biosynthetic routes in planta of important compounds to develop strategies to further increase their content. We present here a number of case studies for selected classes of secondary metabolites and we review their health benefits and the historical developments in their structural elucidation and characterization of biosynthetic genes. We cover the cases of benzoisoquinoline and monoterpenoid indole alkaloids, cannabinoids, caffeine, ginsenosides, withanolides, artemisinin, and taxol; we show how the “early” biochemical or the more recent integrative approaches–based on omics-analyses–have helped to elucidate their metabolic pathways and cellular compartmentation. We also summarize how the knowledge generated about their biosynthesis has been used to develop metabolic engineering strategies in heterologous and native hosts. We conclude that following the advent of novel, high-throughput and cost-effective analytical technologies, the secondary metabolism of medicinal plants can now be examined under the lens of systems biology.
De Novo Transcriptome Assembly and Characterization of Lithospermum officinale to Discover Putative Genes Involved in Specialized Metabolites Biosynthesis
Authors: Rai Amit , Nakaya Taiki , Shimizu Yohei , Rai Megha , Nakamura Michimi , Suzuki Hideyuki , Saito Kazuki , Yamazaki Mami 
Published: May 2018

Abstract
Lithospermum officinale is a valuable source of bioactive metabolites with medicinal and industrial values. However, little is known about genes involved in the biosynthesis of these metabolites, primarily due to the lack of genome or transcriptome resources. This study presents the first effort to establish and characterize de novo transcriptome assembly resource for L. officinale and expression analysis for three of its tissues, namely leaf, stem, and root. Using over 4Gbps of RNA-sequencing datasets, we obtained de novo transcriptome assembly of L. officinale, consisting of 77,047 unigenes with assembly N50 value as 1524 bps. Based on transcriptome annotation and functional classification, 52,766 unigenes were assigned with putative genes functions, gene ontology terms, and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) pathways. KEGG pathway and gene ontology enrichment analysis using highly expressed unigenes across three tissues and targeted metabolome analysis showed active secondary metabolic processes enriched specifically in the root of L. officinale. Using co-expression analysis, we also identified 20 and 48 unigenes representing different enzymes of lithospermic/chlorogenic acid and shikonin biosynthesis pathways, respectively. We further identified 15 candidate unigenes annotated as cytochrome P450 with the highest expression in the root of L. officinale as novel genes with a role in key biochemical reactions toward shikonin biosynthesis. Thus, through this study, we not only generated a high-quality genomic resource for L. officinale but also propose candidate genes to be involved in shikonin biosynthesis pathways for further functional characterization.
Mechanistic Basis for the Differential Effects of Rivaroxaban and Apixaban on Global Tests of Coagulation
Authors: Kim Paul , Yeh Calvin , Dale Brian , Leslie Beverly , Stafford Alan , Fredenburgh James , Hirsh Jack , Weitz Jeffrey 
Published: May 2018

AbstractRivaroxaban and apixaban are both small molecules that reversibly inhibit factor Xa. Compared with rivaroxaban, apixaban has minimal effects on the prothrombin time and activated partial thromboplastin time. To investigate this phenomenon, we used a factor Xa-directed substrate in a buffer system. Although rivaroxaban and apixaban inhibited factor Xa with similar Ki values at equilibrium, kinetic measurements revealed that rivaroxaban inhibited factor Xa up to 4-fold faster than apixaban (p < 0.001). Using a discontinuous chromogenic assay to monitor thrombin production by prothrombinase in a purified system, rivaroxaban was 4-fold more potent than apixaban (Ki values of 0.7 ± 0.3 and 2.9 ± 0.5 nM, respectively; p = 0.02). Likewise, in thrombin generation assays in plasma, rivaroxaban prolonged the lag time and suppressed endogenous thrombin potential to a greater extent than apixaban. To characterize how the two inhibitors differ in recognizing factor Xa, inhibition of prothrombinase was monitored in real-time using a fluorescent probe for thrombin. The data were fit using a mixed-inhibition model and the individual association and dissociation rate constants were determined. The association rates for the binding of rivaroxaban to either free factor Xa or factor Xa incorporated into the prothrombinase complex were 10- and 1,193-fold faster than those for apixaban, respectively, whereas dissociation rates were about 3-fold faster. Collectively, these findings suggest that rivaroxaban and apixaban differ in their capacity to inhibit factor Xa and provide a plausible explanation for the observation that rivaroxaban has a greater effect on global tests of coagulation than apixaban.
Comparing Part-Solid and Pure-Solid Tumors in the TNM Classification of Lung Cancer (Eighth Edition)
Authors: Yamanashi Keiji , Okumura Norihito , Yamamoto Yoshiharu , Takahashi Ayuko , Nakashima Takashi , Matsuoka Tomoaki 
Published: May 2018

Background In the eighth edition of the TNM classification, the lung tumors that have the same solid components are categorized either as part-solid or pure-solid tumors. However, this is debatable since the tumors in the same T component categories were evaluated without considering this categorization, and was based on a more malignant behavior and a poorer prognosis of pure-solid tumors. The aim of this study was to investigate and compare the prognosis between part-solid and pure-solid tumors.
Methods We retrospectively analyzed 530 patients who were diagnosed with clinical-T1a-cN0M0 non–small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC) and were treated surgically. The subjects were divided into part-solid and pure-solid tumor groups using thin-section computed tomography. The prognosis was compared between the groups.
Results Although relapse-free survival (RFS) was significantly shorter in the pure-solid tumor group (p = 0.016), no significant differences were observed in the overall survival (OS) between the two groups (p = 0.247). In 137 propensity score–matched pairs, including variables such as age, gender, Brinkman index, body mass index, forced expiratory volume in 1 second/forced vital capacity, Charlson comorbidity index, carcinoembryonic antigen levels, clinical-T status, surgical procedure, and extent of surgery, no significant differences were seen in the RFS and OS between the two groups (p = 0.709 and p = 0.517, respectively).
Conclusion In the eighth edition of the TNM classification of clinical-T1a-cN0M0 NSCLC, the prognosis of part-solid and pure-solid tumors showed no significant differences. Solid component size of the tumor is considered important prognostic factor in early-stage NSCLC.
Geometric hydrodynamics via Madelung transform
Authors: Khesin Boris , Misiolek Gerard , Modin Klas 
Published: May 2018

Significance
Geometry has always played a fundamental role in theoretical physics via symmetries and conservation laws. We present a geometric framework revealing a closer link between hydrodynamics and quantum mechanics than previously recognized. Newton’s equations, generalized to infinite-dimensional spaces of fluid flow maps (diffeomorphisms), are used to develop a unified setting and uncover new connections between many equations of mathematical physics. These include equations of compressible fluids, motion of particles on spheres in quadratic potentials, and the Klein–Gordon and nonlinear Schrödinger equations, as well as their relation to information geometry and optimal mass transport. This work contributes toward a better understanding of geometric structures arising in hydrodynamics and quantum mechanics.
Local apoptotic-like mechanisms underlie complement-mediated synaptic pruning
Authors: Györffy Balázs A. , Kun Judit , Török György , Bulyáki Éva , Borhegyi Zsolt , Gulyássy Péter , Kis Viktor , Szocsics Péter , Micsonai András , Matkó János , Drahos László , Juhász Gábor , Kékesi Katalin A. , Kardos József 
Published: May 2018

Significance
Synaptic pruning is dominant in early ontogenesis when a large number of unnecessary synapses are eliminated, and it maintains synaptic plasticity in the mature healthy brain, e.g., in memory processes. Its malfunction is involved in degenerative diseases such as Alzheimer’s disease. C1q, a member of the immune complement system, plays a central role in the selective pruning of synapses by microglial phagocytosis. Understanding the molecular aspects of complement-mediated synapse elimination is of high importance for developing effective therapeutic interventions in the future. Our analysis on C1q-tagged synaptosomes revealed that C1q label-based synaptic pruning is linked to local apoptotic-like processes in synapses.
Experimental evidence for delayed contingent cooperation among wild dwarf mongooses
Authors: Kern Julie M. , Radford Andrew N. 
Published: May 2018

Significance
Humans frequently trade goods and can track the amount they owe using memories of past exchanges. While nonhuman animals are also known to be capable of trading cooperative acts immediately for one another, more contentious is the possibility that there can be delayed rewards. We use detailed field observations, social-network analyses, and a playback experiment to demonstrate that wild dwarf mongooses provide more grooming to those groupmates who contribute more to sentinel behavior (acting as a raised guard to look out for danger). We therefore provide experimental evidence of delayed contingent cooperation, and cross-commodity exchange, in a wild nonprimate.
Fluctuating hydrogen-bond networks govern anomalous electron transfer kinetics in a blue copper protein
Authors: Kretchmer Joshua S. , Boekelheide Nicholas , Warren Jeffrey J. , Winkler Jay R. , Gray Harry B. , Miller Thomas F. 
Published: May 2018

Significance
Protein fluctuations and hydrogen-bond networks play an important—although incompletely understood—role in facilitating efficient biological electron transfer (ET). Experimental mutagenesis results provide evidence for the role of protein motions in Ru-modified azurin ET, a quintessential example of biological ET. A recently developed nonadiabatic molecular dynamics method allows for exploration of the nature of protein fluctuations, providing insight into the conformational motions that accompany ET in Ru-modified azurin. In particular, a fluctuating hydrogen-bond network is identified that transiently ruptures to allow for donor–acceptor compression during ET.
“It keeps me on my toes”
Authors: Wang Jihong 
Published: May 2018

Abstract
This article reports on the findings of a questionnaire survey of 465 telephone interpreters in Australia, focusing on what they
liked and disliked about telephone interpreting, their perceptions of challenges in telephone interpreting, and their coping
strategies. Just over half of the respondents liked working as telephone interpreters. Results also show that interpreters
identified many favourable and unfavourable aspects of telephone interpreting. A key finding is that interpreters perceived many
comprehension-related challenges (e.g., poor sound quality, a lack of non-verbal information), communication-related challenges
(e.g., overlapping speech), and other challenges in telephone interpreting (e.g., low remuneration, casual employment,
work-related stress). Importantly, interpreters adopted various coping strategies, including using high-quality headphones and
requesting briefing or clarification to deal with comprehension-related challenges, explaining the interpreter’s role and
intervening with clients as necessary to address communication-related challenges, and reducing working hours and exercising
self-care to manage work-related stress.