bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Single chip design for detection and recovery of series LED open/short fault tolerance circuit
Authors: Hsia Shih‐Chang , Ciou Jyun‐Jia 
Published: September 2018

Light emitting diode (LED) lighting is widely used in current. However, lighting robustness is low in a series loop since the lighting shuts down as one LED fails. This study proposes a power chip for fault detection and isolation for enhancement of LED's fault‐withstanding capability. The chip can automatically detect the failed LEDs and bypass them, and let others continue to work. The authors implemented four bypass loops using a power metal oxide semiconductor (MOS) on the single chip. This chip can drive 1 A with 4‐bit current dimming, which includes four bypass power P‐type MOSs, one power N‐type MOS, schedule controller, level shifter and over voltage protection. The schedule controller with a state machine can quickly find which one LED fail and recover it soon. The prototyping chip was designed using TSMC 0.25 μm, which is the second generator high‐voltage technology, and the resulting chip area with pads is only 1.3 × 1.7 mm2. The chip had been successfully implemented and measured to drive and bypass four LED components or modules.
(121514) 1999 UJ7: A primitive, slow-rotating Martian Trojan
Authors: Borisov G. , Christou A. A. , Colas F. , Bagnulo S. , Cellino A. , Dell’Oro A. 
Published: September 2018

Aims. The goal of this investigation is to determine the origin and surface composition of the asteroid (121514) 1999 UJ7, the only currently known L4 Martian Trojan asteroid.
Methods. We have obtained visible reflectance spectra and photometry of 1999 UJ7 and compared the spectroscopic results with the spectra of a number of taxonomic classes and subclasses. A light curve was obtained and analysed to determine the asteroid spin state.
Results. The visible spectrum of 1999 UJ7 exhibits a negative slope in the blue region and the presence of a wide and deep absorption feature centred around ~0.65 μm. The overall morphology of the spectrum seems to suggest a C-complex taxonomy. The photometric behaviour is fairly complex. The light curve shows a primary period of 1.936 d, but this is derived using only a subset of the photometric data. The asteroid may be in a non-principal axis rotational state, but our observational coverage is insufficient to draw definitive conclusions.
Conclusions. Although the observed spectral absorption is wider and deeper, this finding may be compatible with the 0.7 μm spectral feature exhibited by some Ch-type asteroids and could possibly be interpreted as diagnostic of the presence of hydrated minerals. The inferred composition of 1999 UJ7 as a primitive object can be consistent with a volatile-rich object originally accreted beyond the snow line of the solar system, and subsequently evolved to reach the inner regions of the solar system.
Recurring obscuration in NGC 3783
Authors: Kaastra J. S. , Mehdipour M. , Behar E. , Bianchi S. , Branduardi-Raymont G. , Brenneman L. , Cappi M. , Costantini E. , De Marco B. , di Gesu L. , Ebrero J. , Kriss G. A. , Mao J. , Peretz U. , Petrucci P.-O. , Ponti G. , Walton D. 
Published: September 2018

Context. Obscuration of the continuum emission from active galactic nuclei by streams of gas with relatively high velocity (>1000 km s−1) and column density (>3 × 1025 m−2) has been seen in a few Seyfert galaxies. This obscuration has a transient nature. In December 2016 we witnessed such an event in NGC 3783.
Aims. The frequency and duration of these obscuration events is poorly known. Here we study archival data of NGC 3783 in order to constrain this duty cycle.
Methods. We use archival Chandra/NuSTAR spectra taken in August 2016. We also study the hardness ratio of all Swift XRT spectra taken between 2008 and 2017.
Results. In August 2016, NGC 3783 also showed evidence of obscuration. While the column density of the obscuring material is ten times lower than in December 2016, the opacity is still sufficient to block a significant fraction of the ionising X-ray and extreme ultraviolet photons. From the Swift hardness ratio behaviour we find several other epochs with obscuration. Obscuration with columns >1026 m−2 may take place about half of the time. Also, in archival X-ray data taken by the Advanced Satellite for Cosmology and Astrophysics (ASCA) in 1993 and 1996 we find evidence of obscuration.
Conclusions. Obscuration of the ionising photons in NGC 3783 occurs more frequently than previously thought. This may not always have been recognised due to low-spectral-resolution observations, overly limited spectral bandwidth or confusion with underlying continuum variations.
Sequential management of tibial fractures using a temporary unicortical external fixator
Authors: Russo Anne-Pauline , Caubere Alexandre , Ghabi Ammar , Grosset Antoine , Mangin Philippe , Rigal Sylvain , Mathieu Laurent 
Published: September 2018

Introduction: The development of damage control orthopedics (DCO) procedures has led to the development of temporary unicortical external fixators (TUEFs) intended to limit deep infectious complications and facilitate early conversion to internal fixation.
Methods: A retrospective study was conducted in two French military trauma centers, including on patients being treated for tibial fractures with a TUEF (UNYCO® − Orthofix®) followed by an early conversion to intramedullary nailing.
Results: Eleven patients with an average age of 41 were included between September 2015 and June 2017. A total of 12 TUEFs were implanted for one closed fracture and 11 open fractures, including one type I, eight types II, and two Gustilo types IIIB. The indication of DCO was related to hemodynamic instability in three cases, to the severity of soft tissue lesions in eight cases, and to the context of treatment in one case. The conversion to IM nailing was made after an average of 7.6 days. No significant loss of reduction was observed until internal osteosynthesis, which was performed with “fixator in place” in ten cases. The coverage of Gustilo type III injuries was performed by free flap transfers at the same time as IM nailing. All the patients were reviewed with an average follow-up of 16.5 months. Bone union was achieved in all cases. Two IM nailing dynamizations were carried out, but no bone grafting was required. Two cases of pandiaphysitis were observed and treated without functional complications.
Discussion: Despite a limited number of patients, this study demonstrates the reliability of the TUEF to maintain the reduction of tibial fractures and facilitate early conversion to IM nailing. Unicortical fixation does not prevent septic complications related to the severity of soft tissue injuries.
Administration klinischer Studien in der Nuklearmedizin
Authors: Zippel Claus , Giesel Frederik , Kopka Klaus , Reil-Held Anette 
Published: September 2018

ZusammenfassungUm innovative PSMA-Tracer zur Krebsdiagnostik und -therapie in der klinischen Versorgung etablieren zu können, werden in der nuklearmedizinischen Forschung und Entwicklung zunehmend prospektiv-klinische (Multicenter-)Studien initiiert. Neben medizinisch-pharmazeutischen und regulatorisch-rechtlichen Vorgaben sind dabei verstärkt administrativ-koordinierende Aspekte zu beachten. In diesem Artikel beleuchten wir am Beispiel des DKTK-PSMA-Multicenter-Trials „[68Ga]Ga-PSMA-11 in high-risk Prostate Cancer“, 1. welche administrativen Abteilungen bei nuklearmedizinischen (Forschungs-)Studien grundsätzlich zu involvieren sind, 2. warum es dafür eines administrativen Projektmanagements bedarf und welche Werkzeuge Studienleiter und Koordinatoren hierfür nutzen können sowie 3. welche Vorteile die organisationale Struktur und Plattform des Deutschen Konsortiums für Translationale Krebsforschung (DKTK) für die Initiierung und Durchführung künftig weiterer (multizentrisch-)klinischer Studien in der Nuklearmedizin bietet.
Aerobic Variables for Prediction of Alpine Skiing Performance – A Novel Approach
Authors: Nilsson Robert , Lindberg Ann-Sofie , Theos Apostolos , Ferguson Richard , Malm Christer 
Published: September 2018

AbstractThe aim of this study was to investigate the predictive power of aerobic test results and anthropometric variables on FIS-ranking of junior elite alpine skiers. Results from twenty-three male and female adolescent elite alpine skiers from two seasons were included in the multivariate statistical models. Physical work capacity was determined by V̇O2peak, blood lactate concentration ([HLa]b), and heart rate (HR) during ergometer cycling. Anthropometric variables were body stature, body weight and calculated BMI. No significant correlation between competitive performance and aerobic work capacity or anthropometric data was observed neither in male nor female adolescent skiers. Pre-season physical tests and anthropometric data could therefore not predict end-season FIS-ranking. The best regression (R2) and prediction (Q2) models of FIS slalom (SL) and giant slalom (GS) rank reached R2=0.51 to 0.86, Q2=−0.73 to 0.18, indicating no valid models. This study could not establish V̇O2peak and other included variables as predictors of competitive performance. When combining results from commonly used tests for alpine skiers, and applying multivariate statistical models, investigated tests seems of limited used for athletes, coaches, and ski federations. Performance-specific pre-season tests must be developed and validated for prediction of performance and guidance of exercise training.
Lysimachia Capillipes Inhibit Adipogenesis via Angiogenesis Inhibition
Authors: Li Xiumin , Xue Yu , Pang Liang , ShangGuan Zhaoshui , Pan Yutian 
Published: September 2018

AbstractObesity is a common and increasingly prevalent human condition due to unhealthy diet and less-exercise lifestyle. Development of obesity is associated with substantial modulation of adipose tissue structure. The expansion of adipose tissue is linked to the development of its vasculature, and modulation of angiogenesis may have the potential to impair adipose tissue development. In this study, we used obesity model of zebrafish fed by egg yolk to investigate the effect of Lysimachia capillipes on the obesity. The results showed that Lysimachia capillipes inhibited angiogenesis of adipose tissue in transgenic zebrafish Tg (Fli 1: EGFP), which was similar to surppressing effect of TNP-470, which was accompanied by decreased Oil Red O staining of the zebrafish. The treatment of Lysimachia capillipes reduced expression of MTP significantly, but modestly reduced expression of Ppar g, FABP10a, and CD36 level through ISH, which was accordant with the results by PCR analysis. The study proved that Lysimachia capillipes might possess novel therapeutic properties for prevention and treatment of obesity.
The Association between Genetic Polymorphisms and Simvastatin-Induced Myopathy: A Narrative Synthesis of Evidence
Authors: Li Xingang , Sun Shusen , Xu Xiaowei , Zhao Zhigang , Li Wei 
Published: September 2018

Abstract
Background and study aim Genetic polymorphisms may play a role in muscular injury associated with simvastatin, but results were inconclusive. This study aimed to summarize evidence from the literature investigating the effects of genetic polymorphism on simvastatin-induced myopathy.
Methods Studies regarding the association between genetic polymorphisms and simvastatin-induced myopathy were retrieved through electronic databases from February 1, 1990 to March 15, 2018. Two authors independently extracted data, including PMID, author, publication year, country, race, age, population characteristics, drugs, definition of case and control, gene, allele, SNP position, Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium, number of genotypes (case and control), minor allele frequency of cases and controls, association, study type and the Newcastle-Ottawa scale. Due to high heterogeneity in study design and outcome measurements among the included articles, a narrative synthesis of the evidence was conducted.
Results A total of 10 association studies were identified in this study, including SLCO1B1, ABCB1, GATM, HTR3B, HTR7, RYR2 and HLA-DRB1. The evidence linking myopathy to rs4149056 in SLCO1B1 is of high quality, and this association has been reproduced in randomized trials and clinical practice-based cohorts. As for other candidate genetic markers, the evidences are limited or controversial, and additional well-designed studies with larger sample sizes, are required to further elucidate this association.
Conclusion SLCO1B1 genotype is a useful biomarker for predicting an increased risk of simvastatin-induced myopathy.
Determination of Tofacitinib in Mice Whole Blood on Dried Blood Spots Using LC–ESI–MS/MS: Application to Pharmacokinetic Study in Mice
Authors: Dixit Abhishek , Mallurwar Sadanand Rangnathrao , Sulochana Suresh P , Zainuddin Mohd , Mullangi Ramesh 
Published: September 2018

AbstractA simple, sensitive and rapid assay method has been developed and validated as per regulatory guideline for the estimation of tofacitinib on mice dried blood spots (DBS) using liquid chromatography coupled to tandem mass spectrometry with electro spray ionization in the positive-ion mode. The method employs liquid extraction of tofacitinib from DBS disk of mice whole blood followed by chromatographic separation using 5 mM ammonium acetate (pH 6.5):acetonitrile (20:80, v/v) at a flow rate of 0.60 mL/min on an X-Terra Phenyl column with a total run time 2.5 min. The MS/MS ion transitions monitored were m/z 313→149 for tofacitinib and m/z 316→149 for the internal standard (13C3,
15N-tofacitinib). The assay was linear in the range of 0.99–1980 ng/mL. The intra- and inter-day precision was in the range of 1.17–10.3 and 3.37–10.9%, respectively. Stability studies showed that tofacitinib was stable on DBS cards for one month. This novel method has been applied to analyze the DBS samples of tofacitinib obtained from a pharmacokinetic study in mice.
Anterior Cruciate Ligament Reconstruction Using Bone-Patellar Tendon-Bone Autograft with Remnant Preservation: Comparison of Outcomes According to the Amount of Remnant Tissue
Authors: Kim Sung-Jae , Choi Chong Hyuk , Chun Yong-Min , Kim Sung-Hwan , Lee Su-Keon , Jung Woo Seok , Jung Min 
Published: September 2018

AbstractThere has been controversy about whether remnant tissue of anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) has to be preserved in ACL reconstruction. The purpose of the study was to compare clinical outcomes between groups of patients who underwent ACL reconstruction with bone-patellar tendon-bone (BPTB) autograft divided according to amount of ACL remnant and investigate effect of remnant preservation on outcomes of ACL reconstruction. A total of 185 patients who underwent ACL reconstruction with BPTB autograft were retrospectively reviewed. Patients were divided into four groups according to proportion of length of remnant tissue of injured ACL covering part of reconstructed ACL to total length of reconstructed ACL: group A included 83 patients with no remnant, group B consisted of 38 patients with remnant of < 1/3, group C consisted of 35 patients with remnant of 1/3 to2/3, and group D consisted of 29 patients with remnant of > 2/3. Primary outcome was International Knee Documentation Committee (IKDC) subjective score. Secondary outcomes were stability, range of motion, patient-reported outcomes determined by Lysholm knee scoring scale and Tegner activity scale, IKDC objective grade, and single hop for distance. Return to activity and near-return to activity were investigated. A minimum follow-up duration was 24 months. There was no statistically significant difference between four groups regarding postoperative anterior translation (p = 0.731), Lysholm knee score (p = 0.599), IKDC objective grade (p > 0.999), hop test (p = 0.878), and near-return to activity (p = 0.193). However, patients of group D had significantly better outcomes in IKDC subjective score (group A = 85.0 ± 5.9, group B = 84.9 ± 8.1, group C = 87.4 ± 6.4, group D = 89.2 ± 8.1, p = 0.017), Tegner activity scale (group A = 5.0 ± 1.1, group B = 5.2 ± 1.0, group C = 5.7 ± 1.3, group D = 5.9 ± 1.0, p = 0.001), and return to activity (group A = 25.3%, group B = 31.6%, group C = 45.7%, group D = 55.2%, p = 0.014). ACL reconstruction using BPTB autograft with remnant preservation did not provide better anterior stability compared with conventional ACL reconstruction. However, preservation of remnant of > 2/3 led to more improved activity-related clinical outcomes than no remnant preservation. In cases with substantial remnant tissue of injured ACL remaining, reconstruction of ACL while preserving as much remnant tissue as possible is recommended. This is a Level III, retrospective comparative therapeutic study.
Coronary Artery Bypass Grafting using Bilateral Internal Thoracic Arteries through a Left-Sided Minithoracotomy: A Single-Center Starting Experience
Authors: Diab Mahmoud , Färber Gloria , Sponholz Christoph , Tasar Raphael , Lehmann Thomas , Tkebuchava Sophie , Franz Marcus , Doenst Torsten 
Published: September 2018

Abstract
Background Coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG) using bilateral internal thoracic artery (BITA) is associated with the best long-term survival. However, using BITA increases the risk of sternal wound infections with conventional sternotomy. We describe here our initial results of minimally invasive CABG (MICS-CABG) using BITA.
Methods Patients were operated through an incision similar to that of standard minimally invasive direct CABG. All operations were performed off-pump. We evaluated patient's quality of life (QoL) using the Medical Outcomes trust, 36-Item Short Form Health Survey (SF-36).
Results Between February 2016 and August 2017, we performed 21 cases of MICS-CABG using BITA. There was no intraoperative complication and no conversion to sternotomy or to on-pump. Two patients required reexploration through the same minithoracotomy for postoperative bleeding. Two cases of early postoperative graft failure were identified. There was no stroke or in-hospital mortality. The median duration of follow-up was 13 months, with a maximum of 19 months. Relief of angina was achieved in all patients. There was one readmission for superficial wound infection, which was conservatively treated. An 84-year-old man died 4 months after the operation. The remaining 20 patients attested good QoL with the SF-36 questionnaire.
Conclusions Myocardial revascularization using BITA can be safely achieved off-pump through a left-sided minithoracotomy with good postoperative and short-term outcomes.
Interpregnancy Body Mass Index Changes: Distribution and Impact on Adverse Pregnancy Outcomes in the Subsequent Pregnancy
Authors: Bender Whitney , Hirshberg Adi , Levine Lisa 
Published: September 2018

Objective To examine the change in body mass index (BMI) categories between pregnancies and its effect on adverse pregnancy outcomes.
Study Design We performed a retrospective cohort study of women with two consecutive deliveries from 2005 to 2010. Analysis was limited to women with BMI recorded at <24 weeks for both pregnancies. Standard BMI categories were used. Adverse pregnancy outcomes included preterm birth at <37 weeks, intrauterine growth restriction (IUGR), pregnancy-related hypertension, and gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM). Women with increased BMI category between pregnancies were compared with those who remained in the same BMI category.
Results In total, 537 women were included, of whom 125 (23%) increased BMI category. There was no association between increase in BMI category and risk of preterm birth, IUGR, or pregnancy-related hypertension. Women who increased BMI category had an increased odds of GDM compared with women who remained in the same BMI category (6.4 vs. 2.2%; p = 0.018). The increased risk remained after controlling for age, history of GDM, and starting BMI (adjusted odds ratio: 8.2; 95% confidence interval: 2.1–32.7; p = 0.003).
Conclusion Almost one-quarter of women increased BMI categories between pregnancies. This modifiable risk factor has a significant impact on the risk of GDM.
UK-Russia relations: poisoned chalice or silver linings?
Authors: David Maxine 
Published: September 2018

AbstractWith the poisoning of the former Russian spy, Sergei Skripal, the British Government quickly accused Russia of committing an unlawful use of force on British territory and retaliated. The UK’s diplomatic resources were deployed effectively, as more than 20 allies swiftly stood up in solidarity. Assuming the Kremlin is culpable, Vladimir Putin may have unwittingly given Theresa May an opportunity to be in the vanguard of those facing up to Russia’s challenge and to retrieve something of Britain’s diminishing reputation. But May will do well to remember that with alliances come expectations. This article examines the measures taken for signs of No 10’s sincere commitment to establishing an effective Russia policy but argues too that there is much evidence that little will change. Only with dedicated intent will substance be added to the rhetoric of 'Global Britain’.
Radioactive (
90
Y) upconversion nanoparticles conjugated with recombinant targeted toxin for synergistic nanotheranostics of cancer
Authors: Guryev Evgenii L. , Volodina Natalia O. , Shilyagina Natalia Y. , Gudkov Sergey V. , Balalaeva Irina V. , Volovetskiy Arthur B. , Lyubeshkin Alexander V. , Sen’ Alexey V. , Ermilov Sergey A. , Vodeneev Vladimir A. , Petrov Rem V. , Zvyagin Andrei V. , Alferov Zhores I. , Deyev Sergey M. 
Published: September 2018

Significance
Emerging cancer nanotechnology enables targeted delivery of substantial payloads of drugs to cancer sites with concomitant reduction of side effects due to the lesser accumulation in the critical organs. This prompts loading of nanocarriers with therapeutic cargo and contrast agents, allowing combined cancer therapy and tumor visualization, respectively. This paper reports the realization of such combined therapy using conjugates of radionuclide yttrium-90–doped upconversion nanoparticles and targeted toxin. The resultant hybrid complex showed high therapeutic efficacy and high imaging contrast both in vitro and in vivo.
Pendular alignment and strong chemical binding are induced in helium dimer molecules by intense laser fields
Authors: Wei Qi , Kais Sabre , Yasuike Tomokazu , Herschbach Dudley 
Published: September 2018

Significance
Intense electric fields, provided by pulsed lasers, can profoundly alter the electronic structure of atoms and molecules. For the helium dimer, we carry out a theoretical study of laser interactions in two realms: (I) fields not strong enough to dislodge electrons, but interact with the anisotropic polarizability to induce spatial alignment of the molecular axis; and (II) superintense, high-frequency lasers that impel electrons to undergo quiver oscillations that interact with the intrinsic Coulomb forces and induce an extremely strong chemical bond. By including in II an excited electronic state, we bring out features amenable to experimental observation that has been lacking.