bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Referral to evaluation for epilepsy surgery: Reluctance by epileptologists and patients
Authors: Steinbrenner Mirja , Kowski Alexander B. , Holtkamp Martin 
Published: January 2019

SummaryObjectiveDespite the obvious advantages of resective surgery in patients with drug‐resistant focal epilepsy, namely high probability of seizure freedom, decreased mortality, and increased quality of life, referral rates from physicians and approval rates by patients for presurgical assessment remain constantly low.MethodsIn the outpatient clinics of a tertiary epilepsy center, checklists were implemented asking treating epileptologists whether they recommended presurgical evaluation with noninvasive video‐electroencephalographic monitoring to adult patients with drug‐resistant focal epilepsy and asking respective patients whether they followed this recommendation.ResultsOf 185 eligible patients, 80 (43%) were recommended presurgical evaluation by their epileptologists, and 24 (30%) of these patients consented. Nineteen of all patients (10%) actually underwent noninvasive presurgical assessment, and nine of these eventually proceeded to resection. The most frequent reason for nonreferral by epileptologists was their subjective appraisal of seizure frequency as low (31%), whereas patients declined most often due to overall fear of brain surgery (50%). Variables independently associated with nonreferral by epileptologists comprised older age of patients at questioning (odds ratio [OR] = 1.03), no previous evaluation for epilepsy surgery (OR = 4.04), the presence of legal guardianship (OR = 4.29), and ≥11 years of professional experience by the treating epileptologist (OR = 4.62). Independent predictors for patients’ rejection of presurgical evaluation were older age at questioning (OR = 1.08), lifetime number of antiepileptic drugs ≥ 5 (OR = 4.47), presence of focal aware seizures (OR = 4.37), and absence of focal seizures with impaired awareness (OR = 11.24).SignificanceIn both epileptologists and patients with difficult‐to‐treat epilepsy, we found high decision rates against presurgical assessment. Some reasons given by physicians for not recommending presurgical evaluation to patients may be understandable; others need further exploration. On the patients’ side, early and thorough counseling on risks and benefits of epilepsy surgery is necessary to increase understanding and acceptance.
Director networks, turnover, and appointments
Authors: Renneboog Luc , Zhao Yang 
Published: January 2019

AbstractThis paper analyzes the labor market (turnover and appointments) of executive and non‐executive directors by means of social network methodology. We find that directors with strong networks are able to obtain labor market information that enables them to leave their firm more easily for better opportunities. Networks also mitigate information asymmetry problems of external director appointments. Furthermore, the strong impact of indirect connections is in line with the ‘strength of the weak ties’ theory. The fact that direct connections are less important signifies that the connections to people that are close and local are likely to convey redundant information, whereas connections to distant individuals are more efficient in terms of information acquisition and labor market performance improvement.
Deciphering the patterns of genetic admixture and diversity in southern European cattle using genome‐wide SNPs
Authors: Upadhyay Maulik , Bortoluzzi Chiara , Barbato Mario , Ajmone‐Marsan Paolo , Colli Licia , Ginja Catarina , Sonstegard Tad S. , Bosse Mirte , Lenstra Johannes A. , Groenen Martien A. M. , Crooijmans Richard P. M. A. 
Published: January 2019

AbstractThe divergence between indicine cattle (Bos indicus) and taurine cattle (Bos taurus) is estimated to have occurred approximately 250,000 years ago, but a small number of European cattle breeds still display shared ancestry with indicine cattle. Additionally, following the divergence of African and European taurine, the gene flow between African taurine and southern European cattle has also been proposed. However, the extent to which non‐European cattle ancestry is diffused across southern European cattle has not been investigated thoroughly. Also, in recent times, many local breeds have suffered severe reductions in effective population size. Therefore, in the present study, we investigated the pattern of genetic diversity in various European cattle based on single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNP) identified from whole‐genome sequencing data. Additionally, we also employed unlinked and phased SNP‐based approaches on high‐density SNP array data to characterize non‐European cattle ancestry in several southern European cattle breeds. Using heterozygosity‐based parameters, we concluded that, on average, nucleotide diversity is greater in southern European cattle than western European (British and commercial) cattle. However, an abundance of long runs of homozygosity (ROH) and the pattern of Linkage disequilibrium decay suggested recent bottlenecks in Maltese and Romagnola. High nucleotide diversity outside ROH indicated a highly diverse founder population for southern European and African taurine. We also show that Iberian cattle display shared ancestry with African cattle. Furthermore, we show that Podolica is an ancient cross‐bred between Indicine zebu and European taurine. Additionally, we also inferred similar ancestry profile of non‐European cattle ancestry in different Balkan and Italian cattle breeds which might be an indication of the common origin of indicine ancestry in these breeds. Finally, we discuss several plausible demographic scenarios which might account for the presence of non‐European cattle ancestry in these cattle breeds.
Analysis of HCRTR2 Gene Variants and Cluster Headache in Sweden
Authors: Fourier Carmen , Ran Caroline , Steinberg Anna , Sjöstrand Christina , Waldenlind Elisabet , Belin Andrea Carmine 
Published: January 2019

ObjectiveThe purpose of this study was to investigate the HCRTR2 gene variants rs3122156, rs2653342, and rs2653349 in a large homogenous Swedish case‐control cohort in order to further evaluate the possible contribution of HCRTR2 to cluster headache.BackgroundCluster headache is a severe neurovascular disorder and the pathophysiology is not yet fully understood. Due to striking circadian and circannual patterns of this disease, the hypothalamus has been a research focus in cluster headache. Several studies with many different cohorts from Europe have investigated the hypocretin receptor 2 (HCRTR2) gene, which is expressed in the hypothalamus. In particular, one HCRTR2 single nucleotide polymorphism, rs2653349, has been subject to a number of genetic association studies on cluster headache, with conflicting results. Two other HCRTR2 gene variants, rs2653342 and rs2653349, have been reported to be linked to cluster headache in an Italian study.MethodsWe genotyped a total of 517 patients diagnosed with cluster headache and 581 controls, representing a general Swedish population, for rs3122156, rs2653342, and rs2653349 using quantitative real‐time PCR. Statistical analyses of genotype, allele, and haplotype frequencies for the 3 gene variants were performed comparing patients and controls.ResultsFor rs3122156, the minor allele frequency in patients was 25.9% compared to 29.9% in controls (P = .0421). However, this significance did not hold after correction for multiple testing. The minor allele frequencies for rs2653342 (14.7% vs 14.7%) and rs2653349 (19.5% vs 18.8%) were similar for patients and controls. Furthermore, we found one haplotype that was significantly less common in patients than controls (P = .0264). This haplotype included the minor allele for rs3122156 and the major alleles for rs2653342 and rs2653349. Significance did not hold after applying a permutation test.ConclusionsOur data show a trend for association between cluster headache and the HCRTR2 polymorphism rs3122156, where the minor allele seems to be a protective factor. However, the other 2 HCRTR2 gene variants, including the previously reported rs2653349, were not associated with cluster headache in our Swedish material. A comparison with previous studies points to variance in genotype and allele frequencies among the different populations, which most likely contributes to the opposing results regarding rs2653349. Although the results from this study do not strongly support an association, HCRTR2 remains an interesting candidate gene for involvement in the pathophysiology of cluster headache.
Tocilizumab‐Associated Reversible Cerebral Vasoconstriction: A Case Report
Authors: Gonzalez‐Martinez Alicia , Romero‐Palacián Daniel , Dotor García‐Soto Julio , Sánchez Pedro , Reig Roselló Gemma , Zapata Wainberg Gustavo 
Published: January 2019

ObjectivesTo report a case of reversible cerebral vasoconstriction syndrome (RCVS) possibly precipitated by tocilizumab.BackgroundImmunosuppressant drugs are a rare cause of reversible cerebral vasoconstriction, a syndrome characterized by segmental vasospasm. However, although it is considered a reversible process that resolves within 3 months, the cerebral vasoconstriction over time may lead to severe complications such as strokes.ResultsWe describe a 53‐year‐old woman who presented with a reversible vasoconstriction syndrome possibly associated with tocilizumab, an inhibitor of IL‐6 receptor used in inflammatory diseases such as rheumatoid arthritis. The patient developed a cerebellar infarction as the major complication of the vasoconstriction syndrome.ConclusionTocilizumab could be a trigger of RCVS. It is important to bear in mind the role of tocilizumab as a possible precipitating factor in order to remove it and reduce complications such as strokes. It is, to our knowledge, the first reversible vasoconstriction syndrome possibly precipitated by tocilizumab published to date.
Effect of hot water treatment of in‐shell pecans on physicochemical properties and consumer acceptability of roasted pecan kernels
Authors: Kharel Karuna , Prinyawiwatkul Witoon , Yemmireddy Veerachandra K. , Graham Charles J. , Adhikari Achyut 
Published: January 2019

SummaryThe effect of hot water pre‐treatment of in‐shell pecans on physicochemical properties, consumer acceptance and purchase intent of dehulled and roasted kernels was evaluated. In‐shell pecans were first subjected to hot water at 70, 80 and 90 °C for 8.6, 6.6 and 4.6 min respectively and kernels were later dry roasted at 160 °C for 10 min. The physicochemical properties of hot water treated and untreated nuts, before and after roasting were determined. Furthermore, consumer acceptance and purchase intent of the roasted kernels were determined. Hot water treatment, alone and subsequent roasting had minimal effect on pecans’ physicochemical properties. Consumers liked (P < 0.05) the colour and aroma of treated pecans. No effect (P > 0.05) of pre‐treatment was observed on the acceptability of other sensory attributes. Safety claim increased treated pecans’ overall liking; however, it decreased purchase intent. Hot water treatment showed promise as a post‐harvest microbial intervention strategy without affecting the physicochemical properties and consumer acceptability.
Liraglutide effects in a paediatric (7‐11 y) population with obesity: A randomized, double‐blind, placebo‐controlled, short‐term trial to assess safety, tolerability, pharmacokinetics, and pharmacodynamics
Authors: Mastrandrea Lucy D. , Witten Louise , Carlsson Petri Kristin C. , Hale Paula M. , Hedman Hanna K. , Riesenberg Robert A. 
Published: January 2019

SummaryBackgroundChildhood obesity is a major public health concern with limited treatment options.ObjectiveThe aim of this study was to assess safety, tolerability, pharmacokinetics, and pharmacodynamics during short‐term treatment with liraglutide in children (7‐11 y) with obesity.MethodsIn this randomized, double‐blind, placebo‐controlled trial, 24 children received at least one dose of once‐daily subcutaneous liraglutide (n = 16) or placebo (n = 8) starting at 0.3 mg with weekly dose escalations up to 3.0 mg or maximum tolerated dose, and 20 children completed the trial (14 in the liraglutide group and six in the placebo group). The primary endpoint was the number of adverse events.ResultsBaseline characteristics (mean ± standard deviation) included the following: age 9.9 ± 1.1 years, weight 71.5 ± 15.4 kg, and 62.5% male. Thirty‐seven adverse events were reported in nine liraglutide‐treated participants (56.3%) versus 12 events in five placebo‐treated participants (62.5%). Most adverse events were mild in severity, three were of moderate severity, and none were severe. Gastrointestinal disorders were the most frequently reported events occurring in 37.5% of liraglutide‐treated participants compared with placebo (12.5%). Six asymptomatic hypoglycaemic episodes occurred in five participants of whom four were liraglutide treated. Liraglutide exposure was consistent with dose proportionality. Body weight was the only covariate to significantly impact exposure. A significant reduction in body mass index (BMI) Z score from baseline to end of treatment (estimated treatment difference: −0.28; P = 0.0062) was observed.ConclusionShort‐term treatment with liraglutide in children with obesity revealed a safety and tolerability profile similar to trials in adults and adolescents with obesity, with no new safety issues.
Pacific Islands Families Study: Physical growth to age 14 and metabolic risk
Authors: Plank Lindsay D. , Obolonkin Vladimir , Smith Melody , Savila Fa'asisila , Jalili‐Moghaddam Shabnam , Tautolo El‐Shadan , Rush Elaine C. 
Published: January 2019

SummaryBackgroundThe relationships between the trajectories of weight gain from early childhood to adolescence and risk for metabolic disease are not well understood.ObjectiveThe objective of the study is to examine the relationships between weight gain from 2 to 14 years and metabolic risk factors at age 14 years in Pacific Island children.Methodsz scores for weight were calculated at each of the ages 2.5, 4, 6, 9, 11, and 13.5 years in 1053 children. Growth trajectories were determined by estimating the linear trend of z scores with age for each child. In a subgroup of 204 children, biomarkers of metabolic risk were measured and related to linear trend intercepts and slopes.ResultsMore rapid growth (greater slope of z score trajectory) was associated with higher concentrations of insulin, leptin (boys), urate, and markers of liver function, insulin resistance and inflammation. Children with higher weights in early life (greater intercept) showed fewer associations with metabolic markers, but considered together, intercept and slope were independently associated with a range of metabolic risk factors.ConclusionsBoth rapid weight gain and a higher body weight in early childhood were associated with higher risk for metabolic disease. Monitoring growth trajectories may help target interventions to optimize nutrition, physical activity, and growth.
A storyteller's guide to problem‐based learning for information systems management education
Authors: Hull David M. , Lowry Paul Benjamin , Gaskin James E. , Mirkovski Kristijan 
Published: January 2019

AbstractMore than a decade ago, evidence‐based recommendations emerged regarding what students of information systems (IS) management education should learn and how should they learn it. Although these recommendations for how IS management should be taught remain valid, they need to be updated to account for recent advances in technologies that enable multimedia learning. Promoters of such technologies promise enhanced cognitive and behavioural outcomes, but this promise remains unreached, reflecting the underdeveloped multimedia‐enabled learning literature. To help attain this promise and rejuvenate the literature of multimedia learning, we offer a roadmap for new areas of research that would inform the design and use of a novel form of multimedia materials: narrative animated videos (NAVs). NAVs represent a form of self‐determined learning that features immersive, story‐based content. We argue that their use will intrinsically motivate users to process the materials to completion, thereby enhancing cognitive and behavioural outcomes, and thus catalysing the effectiveness of the team‐based learning and self‐regulated learning modes for problem‐based learning (PBL) delivery of IS management education. This compelling roadmap corresponds to meaningful IS research because it centres on a topic that the IS literature has long examined—the role of user motivation—and because its theoretical contributions invite specific paths of research for informing the design of the PBL delivery of IS management education within an information systems artefact.
Rethinking Competition Law within the European Economic Constitution
Authors: Gerbrandy Anna 
Published: January 2019

AbstractIn light of re‐conceptualizing a European social market economy, this contribution considers competition law's position in the European economic constitution. The economic constitution captures the economic foundation of European integration as based on the market mechanism. The contribution asks whether the change towards a ‘more economic approach’ to competition law implies an alienation of competition law from societal challenges. The contribution considers whether this interpretation, with competition law being such an integral part of the European economic constitution, should change in light of the constitutional goal of a European social market economy. To do so, the article sketches the fundamental place of competition law in the European economic constitution and shows how its interpretation has become more economics‐based. It highlights some of the problematic aspects of this change and analyzes these findings from the perspective of an economic constitution serving a social market economy.
Hydrogen sulfide: A novel component in Arabidopsis peroxisomes which triggers catalase inhibition
Authors: Corpas Francisco J. , Barroso Juan B. , González‐Gordo Salvador , Muñoz‐Vargas María A. , Palma José M. 
Published: January 2019

AbstractPlant peroxisomes have the capacity to generate different reactive oxygen and nitrogen species (ROS and RNS), such as H2O2, superoxide radical (O2· −), nitric oxide and peroxynitrite (ONOO‐). These organelles have an active nitro‐oxidative metabolism which can be exacerbated by adverse stress conditions. Hydrogen sulfide (H2S) is a new signaling gasotransmitter which can mediate the posttranslational modification (PTM) persulfidation. We used Arabidopsis thaliana transgenic seedlings expressing cyan fluorescent protein (CFP) fused to a canonical peroxisome targeting signal 1 (PTS1) to visualize peroxisomes in living cells, as well as a specific fluorescent probe which showed that peroxisomes contain H2S. H2S was also detected in chloroplasts under glyphosate‐induced oxidative stress conditions. Peroxisomal enzyme activities, including catalase, photorespiratory H2O2‐generating glycolate oxidase (GOX) and hydroxypyruvate reductase (HPR), were assayed in vitro with a H2S donor. In line with the persulfidation of this enzyme, catalase activity declined significantly in the presence of the H2S donor. To corroborate the inhibitory effect of H2S on catalase activity, we also assayed pure catalase from bovine liver and pepper fruit‐enriched samples, in which catalase activity was inhibited. Taken together, these data provide evidence of the presence of H2S in plant peroxisomes which appears to regulate catalase activity and, consequently, the peroxisomal H2O2 metabolism.
Perceptions of caring behaviours: A comparison of surgical oncology nurses and patients
Authors: Compton Emily K. , Gildemeyer Karen , Reich Richard R. , Mason Tina M. 
Published: January 2019

AbstractAims and objectivesThe purpose of this article was to compare surgical oncology nurses caring behaviours to perceptions of their surgical oncology inpatients and determine internal consistency of the CAT‐Nurse.BackgroundNursing practice at the H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center & Research Institute in Tampa, FL is guided by Duffy's Quality‐Caring Model©. No study using Duffy's model for both oncology nurses and patients has been found.DesignA descriptive correlation design was used adhering to the STROBE guidelines. Data were collected using CAT‐Nurse and compared to data from a previous study using CAT (version V).MethodsItem responses were compared between nurses and patients using t tests.ResultsPatients scored higher on perceptions of caring behaviours. Mutual problem solving was an area for improvement. The CAT‐Nurse demonstrated internal consistency reliability.ConclusionResults from this study can make nurses more aware of the caring perceptions that are not as strong as others, and therefore may have the ability to promote transformation.Relevance to clinical practiceThe results can serve as foundational knowledge for action plans aimed at increasing nurse comfort addressing lower scoring caring behaviours that would then result in improving patient perceptions which could be linked to patient satisfaction and reimbursement.
Do family health conversations impact patients with glioblastoma multiforme and their family members?
Authors: Faarup Inge , Lauridsen Jørgen T. , Lütgen Karin , Nørregaard Anni , Poulsen Frantz Rom , Østergaard Birte 
Published: January 2019

AbstractAims and objectivesTo assess the impact of family health conversations (FamHC) as a supplement to conventional care on health‐related quality of life (HRQoL), family functioning (FFSS) and family hardiness or resilience (FHI) 4 and 14 weeks postoperatively among patients with glioblastoma multiforme and their family members.BackgroundThere is a lack of knowledge about the efficiency of FamHC among families experiencing glioblastoma multiforme.DesignA quasi‐experimental pre‐ and post‐test design adhering to the STROBE (Strengthening the reporting of observational studies in epidemiology) guidelines for case–control studies. Patients and family members were included consecutively in the pretest period from November 2013–December 2014 for the control group (offered traditional care only), and in the post‐test period from January 2015–December 2015 for the intervention group (offered traditional care and FamHC). For both groups, 4 and 14 weeks postoperative measurement were obtained.MethodsDifferences in outcomes were assessed using a difference‐in‐difference regression analysis approach measuring difference across pre and post groups and across 4 and 14 weeks measurements.ResultsThe study does not reveal significant effects of FamHC (all p‐values larger than 0.05) as measured by the three instruments WHOQOL‐BREF, FFSS and FHI.ConclusionsThe present study was not able to show significant effects of FamHC. However, it cannot be left out that the intervention might be helpful and supportive at a later state of the illness trajectory.Relevance for clinical practiceThe study adds to the growing evidence‐based knowledge on FamHC by questioning their potential use in different cultural contexts among families experiencing critical illness. Oncological nurses need to adapt this information to support their daily care for the patients and their close relatives. For future studies, it is recommended that the families themselves choose when the conversations should take place during the course of the illness.