bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
An Improved Genetic Algorithm on Hybrid Information Scheduling
Authors: Li Jingmei , Tian Qiao , Zheng Fangyuan , Wu Weifei 
Published: August 2018

Background:
Patents suggest that efficient hybrid information scheduling algorithm is
critical to achieve high performance for heterogeneous multi-core processors. Because the commonly
used list scheduling algorithm obtains the approximate optimal solution, and the genetic algorithm
is easy to converge to the local optimal solution and the convergence rate is slow.

Methods:
To solve the above two problems, the thesis proposes a hybrid algorithm integrating list
scheduling and genetic algorithm. Firstly, in the task priority calculation phase of the list scheduling
algorithm, the total cost of the current task node to the exit node and the differences of its execution
cost on different processor cores are taken into account when constructing the task scheduling list,
then the task insertion method is used in the task allocation phase, thus obtaining a better scheduling
sequence. Secondly, the pre-acquired scheduling sequence is added to the initial population of the
genetic algorithm, and then a dynamic selection strategy based on fitness value is adopted in the
phase of evolution. Finally, the cross and mutation probability in the genetic algorithm is improved
to avoid premature phenomenon.

Results:
With a series of simulation experiments, the proposed algorithm is proved to have a faster
convergence rate and a higher optimal solution quality.

Conclusion:
The experimental results show that the ICLGA has the highest quality of the optimal
solution than CPOP and GA, and the convergence rate of ICLGA is faster than that of GA.
Fabrication and Characterization of PANI/Ag Nanocomposites Voltammetric Sensor for Foodborne Bacteria
Authors: Chaitra V. , Uma V. , Raja S. 
Published: August 2018

Introduction:Foodborne diseases are caused by consuming contaminated foods and/or beverages.Methods:Traditional detection methods for foodborne bacteria are sluggish and laborious. In this study, room temperature voltammetric sensors with low cost, specific, rapid and easy detection were fabricated using Polyaniline (PANI) and silver (Ag) nanoparticles. PANI films were coated on to the Indium Tin Oxide (ITO) glass substrate using electrochemical deposition technique. PANI surface was modified using Ag nanoparticles prepared by reduction method as Ag is one of the most powerful disinfectants against microbes. Both surface electron microscopy (SEM), X-ray diffraction (XRD) technique revealed the presence of Ag nanoparticles in the composites. The peaks observed in Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR) and optical absorption spectra are characteristics to PANI/Ag nanocomposites.Results:The antibacterial activities of the PANI/Ag nanocomposites were evaluated against Escherichia coli (E. Coli) (NCIM 2065), Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus) (NCIM 2079) and Bacillus cereus (B. cereus) (NCIM 2106) using disk diffusion method. The composites showed better antibacterial activity due to the presence of Ag in comparison to pure PANI films.Conclusion:The sensor current for composites was found to increase with the presence of all the microbes. The sensitivity of the sensor was higher for E. coli bacteria among the other bacterial strains.
Multiple Quantum Barrier Nano-avalanche Photodiodes - Part I: Spectral Response
Authors: Ghosh Somrita , Acharyya Aritra 
Published: August 2018

Background:
The spectral response of Multiple Quantum Barrier (MQB) nano-scale
avalanche photodiodes (APDs) based on Si~3C-SiC material system shows considerable responsivity
of the device within a very wide wavelength range which includes some portion of Ultra-
Violet (UV) spectrum (200- 90 nm), visible spectrum (390-770 nm), near-infrared (700-1400 nm),
short-wavelength infrared (1400-3000 nm) and mid-infrared (3000-4000 nm) wavelengths. It has
already been concluded from preceding studies that Si~3C-SiC MQB APDs shows better spectral
response and excess noise characteristics as compared to equivalent conventional APDs based on
Si. Moreover, the superiority of the illumination through p+-side (ITPS) structure has been observed
among two probable optical illumination configurations such as illumination through n+-
side (ITNS) and illumination through p+-side (ITPS) structures.

Methods:
In this paper, the time and frequency responses of Si~3C-SiC MQB APDs have been investigated.
A very narrow rectangular pulse of pulse-width of 0.4 ps has been used as the input optical
pulse having 850 nm wavelength incident on the p+-side of the MQB APD structures (i.e. ITPS
is considered here) and corresponding current responses have been calculated by using a rigorous
simulation method developed by the authors; finally the frequency responses of the devices are obtained
via the Fourier transform of the corresponding pulse current responses in time domain.

Results:
The width of the current responses are limited to 4.7 and 3.1 ps in Si nano-APD and
Si~3C-SiC MQB (consisting of five quantum barriers) nano-APD respectively for the input optical
pulse of width 0.4 ps of 850 nm wavelength. On the other hand, the 3 dB upper cut-off frequencies
of the above-mentioned diodes are obtained to be 68.63 and 82.64 GHz respectively.

Conclusion:
Simulation results show that MQB nano-APDs possess significantly faster time response
and wider frequency response as compared to the flat Si nano-APDs under similar operating
conditions.
Synthesis, Screening and Docking Analysis of Novel Benzimidazolium and Benzotriazolium Compounds as Potent Anti Tubercular Agents
Authors: Guruvelli Padma V.S. , Wagmare Pranita , Harinath Bhaskar C. , Jamullamudi Risy N. , Kurre Purna N. , Muthyala Murali K.K. 
Published: August 2018

Introduction: Tuberculosis is an infectious bacterial disease that mainly affects the lungs. Globally, there are about 10.5 million new cases and about 1.5 million deaths reported each year as per science daily research news in 2017.Objective:One of the biggest problems of Tuberculosis is the lack of effective treatments. Bedaquiline (2013) and Delaminid (2014) are the only two agents approved for TB after Rifampicin. This clearly shows the need for new lead molecules to fight against TB.Methodology:A series of benzimidazolium and benzotriazolium derivatives were synthesized and the structures were confirmed by their IR, 1H NMR,13C NMR and mass spectral data. They were tested for in vitro antitubercular activity by MABA Assay, MTT Assay and axenic culture assay. To determine selective TB activity, they were also tested for antimicrobial activity and cytotoxicity. Docking simulations and drug-inhibitor combination studies were conducted to know the probable mechanism of action.Results:Among the synthesized compounds B10, B11, B13, B14, B22, B23, B24, B25, B26 and B27 showed excellent anti TB activity with an MIC 3.12-0.8 µg/mL. Among these, compound 1,3- bis(4-chlorobenzyl)-1H-benzo[d]imidazol-3-ium chloride (B11) has shown selective anti TB activity against Mycobacterium tuberculosis H37Rv (0.8µg/mL) in MABA assay. This compound hasn’t shown any antimicrobial (at 100μg/mL) and cytotoxicity (at 10µM). Docking studies and drug-inhibitor combination studies indicated that the compounds might act via enzymes involved in the cell division process.Conclusion:In conclusion, we synthesized molecules with potent and selective anti TB activity.
Green Synthesis of Gold Nanoparticles Using Different Leaf Extracts of Ocimum gratissimum Linn for Anti-tubercular Activity
Authors: Gupta Arti , Pandey Sonia , Variya Bharat , Shah Shailesh , Yadav Jitendra Singh 
Published: August 2018

Background:
Tuberculosis is a greatest threat to human health. It requires urgent
need to seek new devise alternate strategies and ant-tubercular compounds. In the
present scenario, Nonmaterias, have opened new avenues in medicine, diagnosis and
therapeutics.

Objective:
In view of this, the current study aims to synthesize gold nanoparticles and determine
its efficacy to inhibit Mycobacterium tuberculosis.

Methods:
Gold nanoparticles (GNPs) synthesized from medicinal plant, such as Ocimum
gratissimum linn, were tested against Mycobacterium tuberculosis (H37RV strain). Gold
nanoparticles were characterized by UV-Vis spectrophotometer, FTIR, SEM and TEM.
TEM results revealed that the GNPs were found spherical in structure and around 10-25
nm in diameter. UV-Vis spectroscopy exhibited an absorption peak at 348 nm. Fourier
transform infra-red spectroscopy showed the GNPs have coated with phytoconstituents
(terpenoids) that indicate the role of bio-molecules responsible for efficient stabilization
and capping of the gold nanoparticles. In vitro model was designed to determine minimum
inhibitory concentration (MIC) of each sample by Lowenstein Jensen (LJ) slope method.

Results:
The results showed that the presence of ursolic acid in ethanolic and hydroalcoholic
extracts was found to be 2.89% and 1.97%, respectively. GNPs of ethanolic and hydroalcoholic
exhibited anti-tubercular activity, with MIC 2.5 µg/ml and 20 µg/ml, respectively.
While ethanolic and hydroalcoholic extracts showed such activity at concentrations
50 µg/ml and 75 µg/ml, respectively.

Conclusion:
GNPs synthesized from ethanolic extract showed profound efficiency to kill
mycobacteria. As in this method no chemical reagents were used, the synthesized gold
nanoparticles have potential for biological applications. There is an urgent need to further
development of nano-antibiotic for tuberculosis.
Formulation and Characterization of Gefitinib-loaded Polymeric Nanoparticles Using Box-Behnken Design
Authors: Gupta M. , Marwaha R.K. , Dureja H. 
Published: August 2018

Background:Nanotechnology has considerably modified the treatment of cancer by overcoming the prevailing drawbacks in conventional chemotherapy like severe systemic side effects, undesirable bio-distribution and drug resistance.Objective:The objective behind the present study was to develop polymeric nanoparticles loaded with gefitinib by ionic gelation method and optimize the prepared nanoparticles using Box-Behnken Design at 3-factors and 3-levels. The main and interactive effects of three selected process variables i.e chitosan concentration, sodium tripolyphosphate (NaTPP) concentration and NaTPP volume on the encapsulation efficiency and % cumulative drug release were determined.Method:Seventeen nanoparticle formulations were prepared by ionic gelation method using chitosan concentration (0.1-0.3% w/v), NaTPP concentration (0.2-0.6% w/v) and NaTPP volume (8-12 ml) applying Box-behnken design. The cryoprotectant used was 5% w/v trehalose. The nanoparticle formulations were further evaluated for various parameters.Results:The formulation (NP-5) prepared using chitosan (0.1% w/v) and NaTPP (0.4% w/v ) in 8 ml volume exhibited particle size (79.4 nm), polydispersity index (0.349), encapsulation efficiency (82.05 %) and % cumulative drug released (40.83 %) in phosphate buffer (pH 6.8) over a period of 24 h. The release mechanism followed was higuchi model. The values of various evaluation parameters observed were found to be in close concurrence with the values predicted employing the Design expert software.Conclusion:The nanoparticle formulation obtained using chitosan in low concentration, optimum concentration ratio of chitosan: NaTPP along with low volume of NaTPP showed desired features. The mathematical models were further designed to develop polymeric nanoparticles with required characteristics.
NUDGING: UM GUIA (MUITO) RESUMIDO
Authors: Sunstein Cass R. 
Published: August 2018

Este breve ensaio oferece uma introdução geral à ideia de nudging juntamente com uma lista de dez dos mais importantes nudges. Também será apresentada uma sucinta discussão sobre a criação de algum tipo de "grupo de insights comportamentais", capaz de conduzir a sua própria investigação ou, ao invés, confiar nas instituições existentes.
Scripties
Authors: Bertolini Luca , Wildschut Hilde 
Published: August 2018

Scriptie Björn Hondelink (2000): Creëert een rondje Randstad ruimte? Een onderzoek naar de ruimtelijke consequenties van hoogwaardig metropolitaan openbaar vervoer in de Randstad. Universiteit van Amsterdam.
Scriptie Ester de Bever (2001): Hoe groen is gras? Onderzoek naar het aanbod van en vraag naar openbaar groen. Universiteit Utrecht.
Pengaruh Waktu Aplikasi <em>Pyraclostrobin</em> terhadap Pertumbuhan dan Hasil Tanaman Cabai (<em>Capsicum Annuum </em>L.)
Authors: Muryasani Ayu Ainullah , Sulistyaningsih Endang , Susila Putra Eka Tarwaca 
Published: August 2018

Pemberian pyraclostrobin yang merupakan fungisida dari jenis strobilurin memiliki kemampuan untuk memacu sintesis prekursor IAA yaitu L-tryptopha yang dapat memicu pertumbuhan dan hasil tanaman. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menentukan waktu aplikasi pyraclostrobin terbaik terhadap pertumbuhan, hasil dan kesehatan tanaman cabai (Capsicum annuum L.). Penelitian dilakukan di Balai Pengembangan Perbenihan Tanaman Pangan dan Hortikultura, Ngipiksari, Sleman, Yogyakarta pada bulan Februari-Agustus 2016. Penelitian ini menggunakan Rancangan Acak Kelompok Lengkap (RAKL) dengan 1 faktor dan 4 blok. Aras faktor ini terdiri dari lima perlakuan yaitu pemberian pyraclostrobin pada benih, pyraclostrobin pada media, pyraclostrobin pada bibit, pyraclostrobin pada tanaman di lapangan dan tanpa perlakuan. Pada perlakuan pyraclostrobin pada benih, pyraclostrobin pada media dan pyraclostrobin pada bibit dilakukan penyemprotan di lapangan saat 30 hspt, 60 hspt dan 90 hspt dengan dosis 1 kg/ha, Data dianalisis menggunakan analisis varian (ANOVA) taraf kepercayaan 95% dan diuji lanjut dengan Beda Nyata Terkecil (BNT). Hasil penelitian memberikan informasi bahwa perlakuan pyraclostrobin pada benih, pyraclostrobin pada media, pyraclostrobin pada bibit dan perlakuan pyraclostrobin pada tanaman di lapangan dengan dosis 1 kg/ha pyraclostrobin sebanyak 3 kali penyemprotan di lapangan saat 30, 60 dan 90 hspt tidak meningkatkan pertumbuhan, hasil dan kesehatan tanaman cabai. Perlakuan pyraclostrobin pada bibit dapat menjadi rekomendasi untuk budidaya tanaman cabai, karena pertumbuhan buah yang lebih cepat waktu panen lebih awal dengan bobot segar buah yang lebih besar, sehingga dapat memberikan peluang bagi petani untuk memperoleh penghasilan lebih banyak.
Clinical and Economic Benefits of Antimicrobial Stewardship Programs in Hemodialysis Facilities
Authors: D’Agata Erika M.C. , Tran Diana , Bautista Josef , Shemin Douglas , Grima Daniel 
Published: August 2018

Background and objectives
Infections caused by multidrug-resistant organisms and Clostridium difficile are associated with substantial morbidity and mortality as well as excess costs. Antimicrobial exposure is the leading cause for these infections. Approximately 30% of antimicrobial doses administered in outpatient hemodialysis facilities are considered unnecessary. Implementing an antimicrobial stewardship program in outpatient hemodialysis facilities aimed at improving prescribing practices would have important clinical and economic benefits.

Design, setting, participants, & measurements
We developed a decision analytic model of antimicrobial use on the clinical and economic consequences of implementing a nationwide antimicrobial stewardship program in outpatient dialysis facilities. The main outcomes were total antimicrobial use, infections caused by multidrug-resistant organisms and C. difficile, infection-related mortality, and total costs. The analysis considered all patients on outpatient hemodialysis in the United States. The value of implementing antimicrobial stewardship programs, assuming a 20% decrease in unnecessary antimicrobial doses, was calculated as the incremental differences in clinical end points and cost outcomes. Event probabilities, antimicrobial regimens, and health care costs were informed by publicly available sources.

Results
On a national level, implementation of antimicrobial stewardship programs was predicted to result in 2182 fewer infections caused by multidrug-resistant organisms and C. difficile (4.8% reduction), 629 fewer infection-related deaths (4.6% reduction), and a cost savings of $106,893,517 (5.0% reduction) per year. The model was most sensitive to clinical parameters as opposed to antimicrobial costs.

Conclusions
The model suggests that implementation of antimicrobial stewardship programs in outpatient dialysis facilities would result in substantial reductions in infections caused by multidrug-resistant organisms and C. difficile, infection-related deaths, and costs.
Real-world assessment of treatment with extended-release topiramate (Trokendi XR®) and comparison with previous immediate-release topiramate treatment
Authors: O'Neal Welton , Hur Elizabeth E , Liranso Tesfaye , Patel Barry 
Published: August 2018

Aim:Examine clinical profile of extended-release topiramate (Trokendi XR®) and compare treatment-emergent adverse events (TEAEs) associated with Trokendi XR versus previous immediate-release topiramate (TPM-IR) treatment.Patients & methods:Pilot retrospective study analyzing data extracted from medical charts of patients ≥6 years of age prescribed Trokendi XR.Results:Trokendi XR was the most commonly used to prevent migraine. The most common TEAEs recorded during topiramate treatment were cognitive symptoms (word-finding difficulty, attention/concentration difficulty, slowed thinking), paresthesia, gastrointestinal problems and decreased appetite/weight loss. TEAE incidence was significantly (p < 0.001) lower during Trokendi XR versus previous TPM-IR treatment.Conclusion:Trokendi XR use and outcomes in clinical practice were consistent with established profile of topiramate. Results supported the potential for better tolerability of Trokendi XR versus TPM-IR.
It’s Not Rocket Science: The Case from Ireland for a Policy Focus on Men’s Health
Authors: Richardson Noel , Carroll Paula 
Published: August 2018

Historically, men, as a population group, have been conspicuous by their absence at a global and national health policy level. Moreover, most gender-focused health policy initiatives and gender-mainstreaming approaches to health have tended to be synonymous with women’s health. This places Ireland’s National Men’s Health Policy (NMHP) and recent external 5-year review in the collector’s item category within the wider health policy landscape. This paper will review the impetus and background to men’s health policy development in Ireland against a backdrop of the invisibility of men more generally from health policy. Reflecting on the key milestones and challenges associated with transitioning from policy development to implementation, the paper will seek to inform a wider public health debate on the case for targeting men as a specific population group for the strategic planning of health. The case for a NMHP on the grounds of a gender inequity will also be explored in the context of contributing more broadly to gender equality. There will be a particular focus on exploring how strategies associated with governance and accountability, advocacy, research and evaluation, partnerships and capacity-building, have acted as a catalyst and framework for action in the rollout of a broad range of men’s health initiatives. With the central challenge being the translation of cross-departmental and inter-sectoral recommendations into sustainable actions, the role of NMHP in applying a gender lens to other policy areas will also be discussed. Ireland’s NMHP has raised the visibility of men’s health in Ireland; the lessons learned during its implementation provide a strong rationale and blueprint for NMHP development elsewhere.
Avaliação da Qualidade na Educação
Authors: Couto Boanerges Do Amaral , Barreto Cesar Ramos 
Published: August 2018

Este artigo discute questões básicas e premissas sobre a qualidade da educação e sobre o aluno-egresso; discute formas de monitoramento da qualidade da educação, e vulnerabilidades observadas na aferição da qualidade da educação através de provas formais. Aborda a avaliação do desempenho da qualidade em educação com discussão conceitual e enfoque economicista da educação. Os autores acreditam que um modelo que possa contemplar, além de conhecimento, o sucesso na carreira do egresso, em termos de demandas de mercado e de utilidade à sociedade possa nos aproximar de um instrumento de medição da qualidade do ensino mais confiável e expressivo.
A DIMENSÃO CONCEITUAL DA CRIAÇÃO DO CONHECIMENTO COMO FATOR-CHAVE PARA INOVAÇÃO
Authors: Figueiredo Ronnie , Ferreira João , Marques Carla , Vieira Júlio 
Published: August 2018

O papel do conhecimento tem sido amplamente discutido na literatura de gestão, quando se trata de "economia baseada em conhecimento" - pelo menos para certo ponto - com uma lógica diferente da criação de valor para economia industrial. Os atributos especiais do conhecimento, dimensões e especialmente a sua característica com um "bem público" e infinitas possibilidades de replicação incluídas na mesma, torna o conhecimento um fator-chave para inovação na nova economia. O estudo caracterizado como exploratório e qualitativo, é parte integrante da pesquisa de doutoramento em gestão, e tem como objetivo identificar na revisão da literatura, as dimensões conceituais do conhecimento como fator-chave para inovação. O resultado aponta para uma relação que avança para além das dimensões, epistemológica, ontológica, estratégica e sistêmica. Percemos que a dimensão conceitual da criação de conhecimento visa de forma bem ampla as fases macros de criação e conversão, contribuindo assim como fator-chave para inovação.
INNOVATION DIFFUSION ANALYSIS FOR BIOFUELS AND BIOCHEMICALS
Authors: Golden Jay S 
Published: August 2018

Objective As multi-national firms and governments are increasing the demand for biofuels and biochemicals through policies and incentives the implications of the adoption of these emerging technologies is underexplored. This research examines the role of sustainability as explored through a traditional view and a Natural Resource Based View and its implications for global supply chain management. Method An empirically derived model of innovation adoption for biological resources is presented incorporating Rogers and Shoemaker’s five attributes of innovations using two distinct theoretical lenses: the “Traditional” and the “Natural-Resource-Based-View” (NRBV) of the firm. Results In terms of an overall assessment, the NRBV provides a much more positive view of biofuels as an alternative to fossil fuels. In the traditional view, fossil fuels indeed appear to be more compatible, less complex, and much more familiar. Our analysis here provides an important input into market intelligence for industries considering a foray into the biofuels sector. Early adopters in this case will help to set the stage, and also be able to drive regulatory mandates and competitive advantage for biofuels and biochemicals as the landscape continues to evolve. They represent not only a technology that can help drive sustainability performance, but also competitive performance and strategic advantage. Conclusions Our analysis provides an important input into market intelligence for industries considering a foray into the biofuels / biochemicals sector. Early adopters in this case will help to set the stage, and also be able to drive regulatory mandates and competitive advantage for biofuels and biochemicals as the landscape continues to evolve. Biofuels / biochemicals represents not only a technology that can help drive sustainability performance, but also competitive performance and strategic advantage.