bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Accessibility to the Lower Hybrid Resonance
Authors: Puri S. , Tutter M. 
Published: September 2019

Abstract
Accessibility of a plane electromagnetic wave into an inhomogeneous, magnetized plasma column is studied using the complete cold plasma dielectric tensor. It is found that TM (transverse magnetic) waves incident at small angles with the vacuum-plasma interface are almost completely transmitted into the plasma even though the criterion for accessibility to the lower-hybrid resonance is not satisfied. The significance of this result for coupling rf energy into plasma filled waveguides is discussed.
Zur Frage Supraleitung in σ-Phase Nb-Al / Superconductivity and σ-Phase Nb — Al
Authors: Müller A. 
Published: September 2019

Abstract
The preparation and the alloy structure of Nb - Al samples containing σ.-phase are described. Using single-phase material it is shown that the o-phase Nb - Al, independent of composition and heat treatment, is not superconducting down to 1.3 K.
Magnetomechanische Eigenschaften von Mu-Metall / Magnetomechanical Properties of Mu-Metal
Authors: Drosdziok S. 
Published: September 2019

Abstract
Measurements of the magnetomechanical effects of high permeability materials have not yet been performed because of their smallness. Using a new technique, the Joule magnetostriction of Mumetal is obtained by shear strain measurement. The change of shear modulus and the magnetomechanical damping in dc and ac magnetic fields are investigated and discussed.
Chloride Induced Oscillations in the Classical Belousov-Zhabotinsky Reaction Explained by the "Radicalator"-Model
Authors: Murányi Szilvia , Försterling Horst-Dieter 
Published: September 2019

Abstract
We detected non-bromide controlled oscillations, which appear in a classical Belousov-Zhabotinsky (BZ) system at a high malonic acid/bromate ratio in the presence of added chloride. The oscillations start immediately after the addition of the catalyst. To explain the oscillations we assume control by a synergetic process involving both chloride ions and malonyl radicals. The experiments are well in accordance with calculations based on the "Radicalator" model. This model is also capable of explaining the rate of formation of CO2 in the BZ system.
Trial Functions for the Two-Particle Density Functional Variational Method
Authors: Gilles M. , Neumann H. , Popova A. M. 
Published: September 2019

Abstract
The TV-particle quantum mechanical system in an external field is considered on the basis of two-particle density functions. The main point of the presented work is to reveal the advantages of the two-particle density formalism as compared to the common one-particle density formalism applied to a simple example. The two-particle density formalism permits us to take into account the exact two-particle interaction without additional models. The exchange and correlation effects can be considered by a proper choice of the trial function. By using the presented formalism we calculate the density of the electron gas on different metal surfaces. A simple trial function allowing for correlations gives us a more correct fit to the experimental data on the metal dipol barriers than corresponding calculations with the one-particle density formalism. It is also shown that a Pertubation of the external potential can be effectively taken into account by a Pertubation calculation for the trial function.
Astragalus Trojanus Stev. Batch Cultures: Cycloartane-type Metabolite Accumulation in Response to pH, Sucrose and Casein Hydrolysate
Authors: NARTOP Pınar , GÜREL Aynur , AKGÜN İsmail Hakkı , BEDİR Erdal 
Published: September 2019

I
n this study, two grams of callus regenerated from stem and leaf explants of Astragalus trojanus Stev. were cultured in Woody Plant Medium (WPM) supplemented with 1 mg/L 2,4-D for four weeks and used as inoculum in order to investigate the
effects of working volume and media composition. The highest biomass was obtained in 250 mL flask with astragaloside IV
(1.66 µg/mg) and cycloastragenol (0.19 µg/mg) accumulation. Different concentrations of sucrose and casein hydrolysate (1
and 2 g/L) were also tested and the effect of pH was also investigated. Biomass accumulation cannot be enhanced, however,
astragaloside IV and cycloastragenol content was ascended. The highest astragaloside IV (95.23 µg/mg) and cycloastragenol
(5.93 mg/mg) accumulations were obtained at pH 6.8 and 2 g/L casein hydrolysate, respectively
Decolorization of Reactıve Blue 19 Dye By Bacillus Megaterium Isolated From Soil
Authors: ERDEM Özgecan , TÜRKMEN Kübra Erkan , ARACAGÖK Doruk , ERDÖNMEZ Demet , CİHANGİR Nilüfer 
Published: September 2019

The principle aim of this study was to decolorize Reactive Blue 19 dye with Bacillus megaterium(B. megaterium) and to determine the effect of some parameters such as pH, temperature, initial dye concentration, nitrogen and carbon sources
on decolorization. With this purpose, a new isolate identified as B. megaterium by genotypic (16S rRNA sequence) characterization, was found effective on Reactive Blue 19 decolorization. Glucose (20g/L) was found as the most suitable carbon
source for Reactive Blue 19 decolorization with a yield of 92%. When the effect of nitrogen sources on decolorization was
investigated, the highest dye removal rate was found as 91% which was obtained in shake flask containing yeast extract (10
g/L). In trials determining pH effect on dye removal; it was found that B. megaterium enables decolorization of Reactive Blue
19 at neutral pHs with a high percentage of 91%. P values were calculated for all parameters and found as p&lt;0.05. Results of
FTIR analysis showed that decolorization of Reactive Blue 19 by B. megaterium occurred via biodegradation. When chemical
and physical wastewater treatment methods were compared to the biological methods, usage of microbial sources such as
B. megaterium is considered as an efficient and economical alternative.
Diagnosis of pulmonary tuberculosis with cartridge based nucleic acid amplification test and light emitting diode fluorescent microscopy: a comparative study
Authors: Kumar Pratik , Bhardwaj Puneet 
Published: September 2019

Background: Due to low sensitivity and inability to detect drug resistance, smear microscopy limits its impact on TB control. Culture methods and drug susceptibility testing is complex, time consuming, and takes around 6-8 weeks. A new diagnostic test, cartridge based nucleic acid amplification test (CBNAAT) was developed based on real-time polymerase chain reaction (RT PCR). Objective of this study to compare the results of CBNAAT for diagnosis of pulmonary tuberculosis with LED fluorescent microscopy and sputum culture.Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted in the department of Chest and TB, CIMS, Bilaspur. Each Sputum sample of presumptive TB patients were tested with CBNAAT, sputum smear microscopy by light emitting diode (LED) fluorescent microscopy (FM) and solid and liquid culture for diagnosis of Tuberculosis. Results of CBNAAT, Fluorescent Microscopy and Culture for detection of Mycobacterium Tuberculosis were compared.Results: The sensitivity and specificity for CBNAAT were 97% and 100% respectively; while that for Fluorescent microscopy were 70% and 100% respectively. The positive and negative predictive value for CBNAAT was 100% and 96% respectively. The positive and negative predictive value for Fluorescent microscopy was 100% and 73% respectively.Conclusion: CBNAAT is having high sensitivity and specificity for diagnosis of pulmonary tuberculosis. It should be routinely used under national health programme to detect a tuberculosis case efficiently.
Serum lipids and lipoproteins: a brief review of the composition, transport and physiological functions
Authors: Bali Sharadendu , Utaal Maneshwar Singh 
Published: September 2019

<p class="abstract">The dietary fats are composed primarily of triacylglycerols and some amount of phospholipids and cholesterol. Being hydrophobic in nature, these are insoluble in water, and hence cannot be transported in the blood plasma per se; to enable these lipids to be transported by the blood stream to various peripheral tissues, nature has devised the technique of making these soluble by binding them to proteins. These proteins involved in lipid transport are known as apolipoproteins, and the protein-lipid particle is known as lipoprotein. Thus, lipoproteins can be considered to be the primary transport mechanism to carry lipids from the alimentary tract to various parts of the body. Lipoproteins have gained prominence in medical field over the past few decades because of their role in the aetio-pathogenesis of cardiovascular diseases, principally atherosclerosis which is the cause of coronary artery disease and myocardial infarction. The various types and sub-types of lipoproteins have been found to have differing and even opposing roles in the development of arterial diseases. An understanding of the differing populations of lipoproteins, the associated proteins and other enzymes, and the myriad variety of inter-actions among themselves and with body cells is vital to our understanding the pathways involved in the development of cardio-vascular disorders and in determining the precise steps where pharmacological interventions can be introduced.</p><p> </p>
The Evaluation of Surrogacy’s System in Indonesia as Comparison to India’s Legislation
Authors: Ambarwati Mega Dewi , Azmita Kamila Ghina 
Published: September 2019

In today’s age, marriage life is can be complicated with problems like infertility. In the face of this problem, couples have used surrogacy as a potential fix. Surrogacy poses a unique problem in Indonesia, because such a concept remains culturally taboo and no legal system exists to regulate the process and the responsibilities of the surrogate mother. Thus, other countries that have created a legal infrastructure for surrogacy offer valuable paradigms and best practices. This study seeks to compare surrogacy law between Indonesia and India, with the overall goal of suggesting policies to better regulate surrogacy within the former country. This study uses comparative legal research methodology through the functional method because Indonesia and India face the same social problem of surrogacy. The result reveals that it needs a legal system on surrogacy and surrogate mother as the legal certainty for any individual especially spouse who could not have offspring along with some reasons such as minimalize prostitution and unregistered marriage, prevent dispute, and to develop scientific field. The study concludes that Indonesia requires stronger legal infrastructure for surrogacy that will not only provide legal certainty for surrogate mothers and families using surrogacy but will also minimize prostitution and unregistered marriages, mitigate domestic disputes, and catalyze scientific innovation.
Keywords: Surrogate Mother, Surrogacy, Indonesia, India.
VARIASI LEGENDA KAMANDAKA BERDASARKAN TRANSMISI MASYARAKAT PENDUKUNG
Authors: Ryolita Widya Putri 
Published: September 2019

<p>Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian sastra lisan yang bertujuan mengangkat potensi lokal (kearifan lokal). Dengan metode deskriptif analitik dan teori fungsi Finnegan, penelitian menyelidiki tiga variasi cerita legenda Kamandaka yang didasarkan pada transmisi dan fungsi cerita tersebut. Tiga variasi tersebut adalah pertama versi dari Sri Yulianingsih, juru kunci petilasan Carangandul, versi Budi Sasongko (keturunan kerajaan Pasirluhur), dan Carlan (pengurus situs purbakala Dinas Pariwisata dan Kebudayaan Banyumas). Tiga variasi tersebut menghasilkan fokus penceritaan yang berbeda-beda, terutama pada cara mengungkapkan ide-ide kepada pendengar. Versi Sri Yulianingsih menceritakan kehidupan Kamandaka sampai Patih Carangandul untuk tujuan mengumpulkan modal sosial bagi Sri Yulianingsih. Versi Budi Sasongko lebih banyak menceritakan kehidupan Kamandaka sampai pada keturunannya untuk tujuan modal simbolis bagi dirinya sendiri. Versi Carlan lebih banyak menceritakan situs-situs purbakala untuk potensi wisata sejarah yang berkaitan dengan tempat-tempat di dalam cerita Kamandaka dan berfungsi sebagai sarana meningkatkan karirnya.</p>
A retrospective case cohort study of managements and outcomes of pediatric patients with intracranial arachnoid cysts
Authors: Dong Fangyong , Zhang Suojun , Li Yakun , Wang Zhen , Chen Zirong , Wan Feng , Lei Ting 
Published: September 2019

Abstract
Background: Intracranial arachnoid cysts are benign developmental lesions with CSF-like fluid collection inside. As the exact pathogenesis and natural history are still unclear, there has been no treatment guideline of intracranial arachnoid cysts so far.Methods: We have analyzed medical records of pediatric patients below the age of 14 years old with intracranial arachnoid cysts managed in our department from January 2011 to September 2016. A total of 134 cases were enrolled in this study. We have investigated and discussed the clinical data with a literature review. Results: 134 pediatric patients were admitted in our department in the past 5 years, aged 1 month-14 years (averaged 5.3 years). Surgeries were performed in 91 cases, of which 71 cases underwent cyst fenestration or resection, 17 cases received cystoperitoneal shunt and 3 cases underwent subdural drainage. 70 cases (77%) were symptom-free after surgeries or had minor complaints at follow-up. Notably, 9 cases (6 cases under 2 years old, 3 cases older than 2 years old) undergoing prior cyst fenestration or resection developed hydrocephalus and/or subdural hygroma that necessitated secondary shunt surgeries, and 2 cases treated with primary CP shunt developed shunt dependency 2 and 4 years later respectively, which was resolved by keyhole resection of the shrunken cyst walls. 18/23 children with giant intracranial arachnoid cysts who were diagnosed incidentally without any definite symptom had satisfactory outcomes after surgical interventions. Conclusions: CP shunt with a programmable valve is recommended for patients aged 2 years or below with giant arachnoid cysts. Shunt dependency syndrome after CP shunt could be resolved by minimally invasive resection of the shrunken cyst wall. Giant intracranial arachnoid cysts, even lack of symptoms, could be considered for surgical interventions.
Intermittent fasting induces chronic changes in the hepatic gene expression of Red Junglefowl (Gallus gallus)
Authors: Lindholm Caroline , Batakis Petros , Altimiras Jordi , Lees John 
Published: September 2019

Abstract
Background: Intermittent fasting, the implementation of fasting periods of at least 12 consecutive hours on a daily to weekly basis, has received a lot of attention in recent years for imparting the life-prolonging and health-promoting effects of caloric restriction with no or only moderate actual restriction of caloric intake. Intermittent fasting is also widely practiced in the rearing of so-called broiler breeders, the parent stock of meat-type chickens, who require strict feed restriction regimens to prevent the serious health problems associated with their voracious appetites. Although intermittent fasting has been extensively used in this context to reduce feed competition and its resulting stress it has not usually been considered as a health-span promoter, but presents an alternative and complementary model to rodent studies. In both mammals and birds, the liver is one of the main responders to variations in energy balance. In this paper we examine the liver transcriptomics of wild-type Red Junglefowl chickens fed either ad libitum, chronically restricted to around 70% of ad libitum daily or intermittently fasted on a 2:1 (2 days fed, 1 day fasted) schedule without actual caloric restriction using a microarray. Results: We find large effects of feeding regimen on liver transcriptomics, with most of the affected genes relating to energy metabolism. Interestingly we also find large, chronic effects on the transcription of a battery of cell proliferation-promoting genes. Similar regenerative effects have been reported in rodents, where they have been associated with reduced levels of circulating leptin. A small number of inflammation-related genes also show chronically changed expression profiles. Conclusions: The increase in proliferative potential suggested by the gene expression changes reported here is a first indication that birds and mammals respond similarly to intermittent fasting practices. Our findings may indicate that the health benefits of periodic caloric restriction are ubiquitous and note restricted to mammals alone. The mechanisms underpinning these benefits are, however, unclear as leptin has been associated with these benefits in mammals but does not have endocrine function in birds. The observed effects on inflammation-related genes may be either beneficial or detrimental for the animal and could warrant further investigation.
Opportunities and challenges of using social media communication in patient care and counselling in family practice: a scoping review and ethical analysis.
Authors: Kaye Daniel Kabonge 
Published: September 2019

Abstract
Background

Healthcare professionals frequently use social media in interacting with colleagues or patients. The aim of this review is to provide a conceptual analysis of ethical issues related to utilization of social media in patient care and health professional training.Methods

Using a scoping review, electronic databases (PubMed, HINARI, Google Scholar and ERIC) were searched for publications on use of social media (especially Facebook and WhatsApp) during patient care. Challenges and opportunities faced by users (patients, educators and healthcare professionals) were analyzed.Results

Communication between patients and healthcare professionals using WhatsApp and Facebook can improve patient care through improving patients’ understanding of and coping with their illness in family practice. It may also improve the learning environment, increase learning opportunities, complement the teaching/learning process, and enhance professional networking and performance. This presents potential risks and burdens to all related to the technology, user behaviors and nature of interactions. The ethical challenges affect data quality, security and effectiveness of the media.Conclusion

Users of WhatsApp and Facebook for communication of educational or patient care-related matters should recognize ethical challenges related to using these media platforms in family practice. User preferences for exchange of medical care-related information or educational material should be sought and respected.
Biopaq®ICX: The next generation high rate anaerobic reactor proves itself at full scale
Authors: Hendrickx T. L. G. , Pessotto B. , Prins R. , Habets L. , Vogelaar J. 
Published: September 2019

Abstract
The ICX (Internal Circulation eXperience) is the next generation high rate anaerobic reactor. The unique design with a two-stage phase separation device enables excellent biomass retention. The novel biomass retention device allows for high volumetric loading rates to be applied compared to IC (internal circulation) and UASB (Upflow Anaerobic Sludge Bed) reactors. Since the first demonstration test in 2013, more than 70 full scale ICX reactors have been built, ranging in size from 85 to 5,000 m3. This paper presents the results of the first ICX demonstration reactor (85 m3) and from a full scale ICX reference (350 m3). These results confirm that very high volumetric loading rates can be achieved with the ICX, whilst maintaining a stable and high COD removal efficiency. Biomass growth is clearly demonstrated in both the demonstration reactor and in the full scale reference, proving that efficient biomass retention is achieved in the ICX.
PEDAGOGY IN FINNISH HIGHER EDUCATION: A CASE EXAMPLE OF HÄME UNIVERSITY OF APPLIED SCIENCES
Authors: Carvalho Carolina , Friman Mervi , Mahlamäki-Kultanen Seija 
Published: September 2019

ABSTRACTIn the context of pedagogical development in higher education (HE) this research is a case study concerning Häme University of Applied Sciences (HAMK), in Finland. The focus of the study is to make visible the correspondence between the international and national higher education policy emphasis and an individual higher education institution. Ten thematic approaches in higher education pedagogy were identified in a content analysis of policy documents, and from earlier interviews in Finnish higher education institutes. The data for this study was gathered in subsequent interviews at HAMK and was compared with these ten thematic approaches. The results show how the national and institutional pedagogical emphasis correspond in the case of universities of applied sciences (UAS). The correspondence with the ten pedagogical emphases were classified as (1) strongly consolidated, (2) currently highlighted and (3) less emphasized. The conclusion is that it is challenging and complicated to apply pedagogical goals systematically considering the various attributes from a world in constant change. In-house prioritize needs awareness of strategy, negotiations, and co-operation. The main points for the successful pedagogical development are (1) prioritization of the emphasis, (2) systematic progress and quality assurance and (3) co-operation within the pedagogic actors.Keywords: higher education, university of applied sciences, pedagogy, pedagogical strategy. RESUMONo contexto do desenvolvimento pedagógico no ensino superior (ES), esta pesquisa é um estudo de caso sobre a Universidade de Ciências Aplicadas Häme (HAMK), na Finlândia. O foco do estudo é tornar visível a correspondência entre a ênfase da política de ensino superior internacional e nacional e uma instituição de ensino superior individual. Dez abordagens temáticas na pedagogia do ensino superior foram identificadas na análise de conteúdo de documentos políticos e entrevistas em institutos de ensino superior finlandeses. Os dados coletados em entrevistas à HAMK foram comparados com essas dez abordagens temáticas. Os resultados mostram como a ênfase pedagógica nacional e institucional corresponde no caso da Universidade de Ciências Aplicadas (UAS). A correspondência das diferentes ênfases pedagógicas é classificada como (1) fortemente consolidada, (2) atualmente destacada e (3) menos enfatizada. A conclusão é que é desafiador e complicado estabelecer metas pedagógicas de maneira sistemática, considerando os vários atributos de um mundo em constante mudança. As prioridades internar necessitam da concientização da estratégia, negociações e cooperação. Os pontos principais para o sucesso do desenvolvimento pedagógico são (1) a priorização da ênfase, (2) o progresso sistemático e a garantia de qualidade e (3) a cooperação entre os atores pedagógicos.Palavras-chave: Ensino Superior. Universidade de Ciências Aplicadas. Pedagogia. Estratégia Pedagógica.