bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Glutamate Receptor Trafficking and Protein Synthesis Mediate the Facilitation of LTP by Secreted Amyloid Precursor Protein-Alpha
Authors: Mockett Bruce G. , Guévremont Diane , Elder Megan K. , Parfitt Karen D. , Peppercorn Katie , Morrissey Jodi , Singh Anurag , Hintz Timothy J. , Kochen Lisa , tom Dieck Susanne , Schuman Erin , Tate Warren P. , Williams Joanna M. , Abraham Wickliffe C. 
Published: February 2019

Secreted amyloid precursor protein-alpha (sAPPα) has growth factor-like properties and can modulate long-term potentiation (LTP) and memory. Here, we demonstrate that exposure to sAPPα converts short-lasting LTP into protein-synthesis-dependent late LTP in hippocampal slices from male rats. sAPPβ had no discernable effect. We hypothesized that sAPPα facilitated LTP via regulated glutamate receptor trafficking andde novoprotein synthesis. We found using a linear mixed model that sAPPα stimulated trafficking of GluA2-lacking AMPARs, as well as NMDARs to the extrasynaptic cell surface, in a calcium/calmodulin-dependent kinase II and protein kinase G-dependent manner. Both cell surface receptor accumulation and LTP facilitation were present even after sAPPα washout and inhibition of receptor trafficking or protein synthesis prevented all these effects. Direct visualization of newly synthesized proteins (FUNCAT-PLA) confirmed the ability of sAPPα to stimulatede novoprotein synthesis and revealed GluA1 as one of the upregulated proteins. Therefore, sAPPα generates a coordinated synthesis and trafficking of glutamate receptors to the cell surface that facilitate LTP.SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENTSecreted amyloid precursor protein-alpha (sAPPα) is a neurotrophic and neuroprotective protein that can promote synaptic plasticity and memory, yet the molecular mechanisms underlying these effects are still not well understood. Here, we show that sAPPα facilitates long-term potentiation (LTP) in a concentration-dependent fashion through cellular processes involvingde novoprotein synthesis and trafficking of both GluA2-lacking AMPARs and NMDARs to the extrasynaptic cell surface. sAPPα also enhances GluA1, but not GluA2, synthesis. The trafficking effects, along with the LTP facilitation, persist after sAPPα washout, revealing a metaplastic capability of exogenous sAPPα administration. sAPPα thus facilitates LTP through coordinated activation of protein synthesis and trafficking of glutamate receptors to the cell surface, where they are positioned for priming LTP.
Prenatal Cotinine Levels and ADHD Among Offspring
Authors: Sourander Andre , Sucksdorff Minna , Chudal Roshan , Surcel Heljä-Marja , Hinkka-Yli-Salomäki Susanna , Gyllenberg David , Cheslack-Postava Keely , Brown Alan S. 
Published: February 2019

OBJECTIVES:
An association between maternal smoking during pregnancy and offspring attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) has been shown across several studies based on self-reports. No previous studies have investigated the association of nicotine exposure measured by cotinine levels during pregnancy and offspring ADHD.

METHODS:
In this population-based study, 1079 patients born between 1998 and 1999 and diagnosed with ADHD according to the International Classification of Diseases and 1079 matched controls were identified from Finnish nationwide registers. Maternal cotinine levels were measured by using quantitative immunoassays from maternal serum specimens collected during the first and second trimesters of pregnancy and archived in the national biobank.

RESULTS:
There was a significant association between increasing log-transformed maternal cotinine levels and offspring ADHD. The odds ratio was 1.09 (95% confidence interval [CI] 1.06–1.12) when adjusting for maternal socioeconomic status, maternal age, maternal psychopathology, paternal age, paternal psychopathology, and child’s birth weight for gestational age. In the categorical analyses with cotinine levels in 3 groups, heavy nicotine exposure (cotinine level &gt;50 ng/mL) was associated with offspring ADHD, with an odds ratio of 2.21 (95% CI 1.63–2.99) in the adjusted analyses. Analyses by deciles of cotinine levels revealed that the adjusted odds for offspring ADHD in the highest decile was 3.34 (95% CI 2.02–5.52).

CONCLUSIONS:
The study reveals an association with and a dose-response relationship between nicotine exposure during pregnancy and offspring ADHD. Future studies incorporating maternal smoking and environmental, genetic, and epigenetic factors are warranted.
Imagens de pensamento em Benjamin: ética, estética e linguagem/ On Benjamin’s Thought-Images: ethics, aesthetics and language
Authors: Valentim Felipe Vieira 
Published: February 2019

Resumo: Esta proposta objetiva refletir as imagens constelares do pensamentobenjaminiano, evidenciando-se a plasticidade com que se organizam fragmentos, pequenos ensaios e aforismos, formas destoantes daquelas autorizadas pelo saber histórico-científico. O trabalho sobre as Passagens, iniciado em 1927, é projeto de um livro que problematiza o avanço da modernidade capitalista em grandes metrópoles – Paris é um exemplo. As imagens verbais de Benjamin expõem uma organização da linguagem pensada como um campo de onde emerge uma complexa e intricada rede de relações entre conhecimento e experiência. A conclusão destaca a materialização do pensamento como obra de arte, cujo agrupamento de recortes ocorre pela afinidade visível entre as ideias, as “imagens de pensamento” [Denkbilder]. Desta forma, a partir do fragmento, ruínas e representações são modos de pensar uma ética do presente escrita à contrapelo da modernização: um projeto contraditório, inacabado e mal resolvido. Palavras-chave: passagens; pensamento constelar; Denkbilder.Abstract: This proposal aims to reflect the Constellation in Benjaminian thought, evidencing the plasticity concerning the organization of fragments, small essays and aphorisms: forms disproven from those authorized by historical-scientific method. The Arcades Project (started in 1927) is a kind of research which problematizes the advance of capitalist modernity in large metropolises – Paris is an example. Verbal images in Benjamin’s thought present an organization of language as a field from which emerges a complex and intricate relation between knowledge and experience. The conclusion highlights the materialization of thought as a work of art, whose grouping of fragments occurs by the visible affinity between ideas, “Thought-Images” [Denkbilder]. In this way, from the fragment, ruins and representations are ways of thinking an ethics of the present time which is written against the modernization: a contradictory, unfinished and ill-resolved project.Keywords: the arcades project; constellation; Denkbilder.
Analisis Model Mental Siswa pada Materi Hidrolisis Garam di Klaten
Authors: Andina Rahma Esi , Ridwan Achmad , Rahmawati Yuli 
Published: February 2019

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis model mental siswa dalam materi hidrolisis garam. Subjek penelitian adalah siswa kelas XI jurusan IPA yang merupakan kelas unggulan di Klaten. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian kualitatif dengan metode yang digunakan yaitu etnografi. Teknik pengumpulan data dilakukan dengan observasi kelas, wawancara mendalam, dan reflektif jurnal siswa. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa siswa membangun model mental berdasarkan pemahaman dan pengalaman siswa yang dipengaruhi oleh lingkungan sekitar siswa serta karakteristik siswa, yaitu sopan santun, empati komunikasi, dan menganggap bahwa guru selalu benar. Analogi yang digunakan siswa dalam membangun pemahaman mengenai materi hidrolisis garam berasal dari budaya dan lingkungan sekitar siswa, yaitu ikan, budaya padusan, dan kegiatan menenun. Model mental siswa pada materi hidrolisis garam terbagi dalam model mental yang sesuai dan model mental yang tidak sesuai pada konsep hidrolisis garam dan proses reaksi hidrolisis, garam yang mengalami hidrolisis, dan sifat garam yang mengalami hidrolisis. Pemahaman guru terhadap model mental siswa akan membantu guru dalam menciptakan pembelajaran yang bermakna.
Kata Kunci: Model Mental, Etnografi, Hidrolisis Garam
Integrasi CoRe Framework dan Strategi Metakognitif dalam Pengembangan Pedagogy Content Knowledge Calon Guru Kimia pada Pembelajaran Telaah Kurikulum Kimia
Authors: Fitriani Ella , Rahmawati Yuli , Nurbaity Nurbaity , Muhab Sukro 
Published: February 2019

Penelitian ini terfokus pada analisis Pedagogical Content Knowledge (PCK) calon guru kimia menggunakan CoRe (Content Representation) Framework dan strategi metakognitif pada mata kuliah Telaah Kurikulum Kimia. PCK merupakan representasi gabungan antara isi materi pelajaran dan pedagogik yang dimilik oleh guru sehingga siswa tertarik dan mudah untuk memahami suatu materi (Shulman, 1987). Oleh karena itu, CoRe framework dan strategi metakognitif pada penelitian ini digunakan untuk mengembangkan penguasaan konsep kimia dan cara menyampaikan konsep tersebut. Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan kualitatif, dengan studi interpretif kualitatif hingga menghasilkan profil PCK calon-calon guru kimia terkait dengan penguasaan konsep-konsep kimia. Data diperoleh dari rubrik PCK, MAIT (Metacogitive Awareness Inventory for Teachers), wawancara, observasi, nilai tes konsep, dan kertas refleksi. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa tingkat PCK calon-calon guru kimia tergolong tinggi. Terlihat bahwa Content Knowledge (CK) yang mereka miliki sedikit lebih tinggi daripada Pedagogical Knowledge (PK). Hasil MAIT (Metacogitive Awareness Inventory for Teachers) juga menunjukkan bahwa calon-calon guru tersebut memiliki kesadaran metakognitif yang sangat tinggi sehingga mereka mengetahui kelemahan dan kekuatannya sendiri dalam mengajar.

Kata kunci: Pedagogical Content Knowledge, Content Representation, Strategi Metakognitif, Telaah Kurikulum Kimia
Penerapan Model Problem Based Learning (PBL) Berbasis Pendekatan Saintifik untuk Meningkatkan Penguasaan Konsep pada Materi Pokok Kelarutan dan Hasil Kali Kelarutan
Authors: Rafiuddin R , Dali Arniah , Anton La Ode Rusdi 
Published: February 2019

Telah dilakukan penelitian yang bertujuan untuk mengetahui keefektifan penerapan model problem based learning berbasis pendekatan saintifik terhadap penguasaan konsep. Desain penelitian menggunakan pretest-posttest control group design. Populasi penelitian ini terbagi atas dua kelas paralel sebanyak 58 siswa. Teknik pengambilan sampel menggunakan teknik purposive sampling. Sampel penelitian ini yaitu kelas XI-IPA4 sebagai kelas eksperimen sebanyak 29 siswa dan kelas XI- IPA1 sebagai kelas kontrol sebanyak 29 siswa. Instrumen penelitian untuk menentukan karakteristik konsep menggunakan format analisis konsep dan format peta konsep. Profil penguasaan konsep menggunakan butir tes pilihan ganda beralasan sebanyak 10 nomor. Peningkatan penguasaan konsep menggunakan rumus N-gain. Efektivitas pembelajaran menggunakan rumus uji beda (t). Serta tanggapan siswa menggunakan angket. Berdasarkan hasil analisis ditemukan data: (1) Terdapat 14 label konsep pada materi pokok Kelarutan dan Hasil Kali Kelarutan, terdiri dari 28% konsep menyatakan prinsip abstrak meliputi: Kesetimbangan Kelarutan, Hasil Kali Ion Kesetimbangan (Ksp), Hasil Kali Ion (Qsp), dan Elektrolit Sukar Larut, terdapat 14,29% konsep yang menyatakan ukuran atribut meliputi: Suhu dan Derajat Keasaman (pH), Serta terdapat 57,14% konsep yang menyatakan proses meliputi: Kelarutan, Ion Senama, Pengendapan, Larutan Elektrolit, Elektrolit Biner, Elektrolit Terner, Elektrolit Kuarterner, Larutan Jenuh; (2) Diperoleh perbandingan rerata skor post-test tertinggi dan terendah penguasaan konsep siswa kelas eksperimen dan kelas kontrol. Perbandingan untuk skor post-test tertinggi yaitu 97,04>94,58 pada label konsep Larutan Jenuh, sedangkan perbandingan skor post-test terendah kelas eksperimen yaitu 72,70 pada label konsep Elektrolit Terner dan 70,43% pada kelas kontrol; (3) Indeks N-gain kelas eksperimen sebesar 0,77 berkategori tinggi dibandingkan kelas kontrol sebesar 0,70 berkategori sedang; (4) Penerapan model problem based learning berbasis pendekatan saintifik pada kelas eksperimen efektif meningkatkan penguasaan konsep siswa dengan post-test dan N-gain sig. (2-tailed) < 0,05, selanjutnya efektif untuk diterapkan pada kelompok siswa berkemampuan tinggi dan sedang; (5) Penerapan model problem based learning berbasis pendekatan saintifik memiliki tanggapan baik dengan persentase 75,16%.
Kata kunci
Model Problem Based Learning, Pendekatan Saintifik, Penguasaan Konsep, Kelarutan dan Hasil Kali Kelarutan
Automatic Identification of Procedural Adherence in Well Construction-Operations
Authors: V Sai , Chambon Sylvain , Erge Oney , Mansour Darine , Hamzah Mohammad 
Published: February 2019

Abstract
The following paper describes a system that facilitates the creation of a machine-understandable representation of well construction operating procedures, and a runtime component which automatically identifies, from sensor data, the degree of compliance to those operating procedures. The procedures define a sequence of operations and operating limits that should be adhered to for an operation time interval.
The constructed system automates the processing of sensor, data and facilitates an analysis of the level of adherence to operating procedures during the well construction process. It also illuminates when and where deviations from the intended or expected processes occur.
Deep Learning Model for Classifying Cutting Volume at Shale Shakers in Real-Time via Video Streaming
Authors: Du Xunsheng , Jin Yuchen , Wu Xuqing , Liu Yu , Wu Xianping , Awan Omar , Roth Joey , See Kwee Choong , Tognini Nicolas , Chen Jiefu , Han Zhu 
Published: February 2019

Abstract
A real-time deep learning model is proposed to analyze the volume of cuttings from a shaker on an offshore drilling rig. The model is able to extract features and perform real-time classification in relatively good accuracy compared to the traditional video analytics method, which consumes enormous time on the feature extraction. Our approach mainly consists of two parts: 1) a multi-thread engine for decoding, processing, and encoding real-time video streams. The video streaming is offered by a modularized service called RSVP (Rig-Site Virtual Presence). RSVP enables aggregating, storing, transrating/transcoding, streaming, and visualization of video data from the rig. 2) a convolutional neural network (CNN) for the quantitative analysis. The CNN is pre-trained with videos collected from previous drilling operations. Additional noises are added to the video during the training stage to improve the robustness of the model. Each video frame needs to be properly normalized and re-scaled to a fixed size before fed into the CNN. The CNN will generate output to classify the volume of cuttings in real-time. The classification result includes category labels, ("ExtraHeavy", "Heavy", "Light", and "None"), as well as the probability for each label. The model and the workflow have been tested on videos streamed directed from an offshore drilling rig. The video stream has a bitrate of 137Kbps, 5.84 frames/s, and a frame size of 720x486. The CNN is trained with an Nvidia GeForce 1070 GPU. The deep learning model and the workflow is tested on a machine without GPU support. Due to the implementation of the multi-threaded video processing engine, we can handle decoding, encoding, video preprocessing and classification in real-time. This allows us to receive a real-time video stream and display the classification results with encoded frames on the user-side screen at the same time. In order to evaluate the result, we build the confusion matrix to facilitate the visualization of the performance of the model. Compared to results manually labeled by engineers, our model achieves more consistent results with improved confidence. The novelty of the project is the capability of monitoring and classifying the cutting volume at shale shakers in real-time via the video streaming.
Monte Carlo Analysis of Advanced Spline Curves for Wellbore Trajectory Uncertainty Calculations
Authors: McKenna Kirtland , Eustes Alfred , Abughaban Mahmoud , Shahri Mojtaba 
Published: February 2019

Abstract
The wellbore position uncertainty model is an important part of well design and operational considerations particularly for multi-well pads. The true uncertainty ellipsoids are dependent on the wellbore trajectory calculation method as much as it is on the quality of the survey measurements. Using the advanced spline curve method, more accurate uncertainty ellipsoids can be generated enabling engineers to optimize wellbore position for drilling, geological, reservoir, and production engineering applications.
To demonstrate that the advanced spline curve method models the true wellbore position more accurately than minimum curvature, trajectory calculations of a well surveyed with high resolution continuous gyroscope measurements are compared with the same wellbore after down sampling. The error of the two methods with the down sampled survey are compared to the base case. With the advanced spline curve method established, the uncertainty ellipsoid is calculated for each survey station for a set of wells on a multi-well pad. A Monte Carlo simulation using an industry standard error model for the survey measurements generated the uncertainty ellipsoids. The confidence interval, agreement of distribution, and collision risk of both calculation methods are evaluated and compared to a high-resolution survey.
This paper presents a Monte Carlo analysis of the wellbore position error model generated by the advanced spline curve method to that of the error model generated by the minimum curvature method. The error induced by the calculation method is reduced loosening the constraint of collision risk on wellbore design. Improved knowledge of the wellbore position benefits all engineering aspects for the life of the well.
Performance Impact of Downhole Data from Wired Drill Pipe and Downhole Sensors
Authors: Giltner Molly , Earle Linsay , Willis John , Tellez Diego , Neel Randall 
Published: February 2019

Abstract
High-frequency real-time drilling data from wired drill pipe has provided new insights on bottomhole assembly (BHA) dynamics in the New Mexico Delaware Basin. An enhanced understanding of downhole dynamics, formation characteristics, and their impact on bit and tool life has enabled the operator to optimize performance and achieve further improvements. Through these efforts, drilling time in a particular hole section has been reduced by 25%. The timesavings, combined with a reduction in trips and tool damage, has resulted in a 33% reduction in cost per foot.
The real-time downhole data provided increased understanding of the occurrence and mitigation of common drilling dysfunctions such as torsional vibration, whirl, axial vibration, motor micro-stalls, and pipe buckling. Both the data explaining downhole performance and the successful practices that resulted from analysis of the downhole data are discussed in this paper. The data and results included in this paper contribute to the improved performance of the industry in this area of high activity and are useful for other areas with similar drilling practices.
The Mechanical Response of Concentric Cemented Casings Exposed to Arbitrary Transverse External Geomechanical and Salt Loads
Authors: Sathuvalli Udaya B , Krishna Shree , Suryanarayana P V 
Published: February 2019

Abstract
When wellbores are exposed to loads of geomechanical origin, the outer casings can become vulnerable to the transverse load components. These loads are usually non-uniform in character (Veeken et al. 1994). The collapse resistance of tubulars to non-uniform loads is substantially lower than their resistance to uniform loads. In the face of such reduced tubular strength, the well engineer uses thick walled high strength casings or a system of concentric cemented casings (Clegg 1971; Pattillo and Rankin 1981; Pattillo et al. 1995). In either case, the designer has to determine a quantitative measure of well integrity i.e., a safety factor (SF) of the casing for the non-uniform loading. In our industry, well designers have used finite element analyses (FEA) to assess the mechanical response of the casings subjected to such loads (Pattillo et al. 1995; Li et al. 2003).
The simplest stress analysis problem in such situations consists of at least three cylinders, the innermost casing, the cement sheath and the formation up to the farfield boundary. Depending on the numerical methods employed in the geomechanical analysis, the farfield geomechanical loads are presented as displacements or tractions. In this paper, we present an analytical procedure to determine the mechanical response of a system of nested concentric cylinders exposed to an arbitrary traction or displacement on the outer radius of the outermost cylinder. We use the solution to quantify the effect of the loads on the concentric casings and the intervening cement sheaths, and to assess the effect of the formation. To this end we use well-known methods employed in the theory of elasticity to derive our solution. The analytical solution presented in the mathematical appendices can be implemented in a programmable spreadsheet.
A Novel Mechanical Tool for Annular Cement Verification
Authors: De Andrade Jesus , Fagerås Sondre , Sangesland Sigbjørn 
Published: February 2019

Abstract
The annular casing cement is an important part of the well barrier throughout the life cycle of a well. With the increasing number of subsea plug and abandonment (P&A) operations, increased attention is now given to annular cement evaluation and the ability to prove adequate zonal isolation. Today, cement evaluation by logging is performed almost exclusively using acoustic logging tools. One of the concerns when it comes to cement integrity is the frequently occurring micro-annulus at the casing-cement interface. Yet, a typical cement evaluation tool may lack of accuracy on its evaluation. Hence, a novel concept for the evaluation of casing-cement micro-annulus has been proposed.
This paper describes a mechanical-based approach for cement evaluation – the Annulus Verification Tool (AVT). The AVT applies a radial force on the casing inner wall that yields an ovalization of the cross-section, while recording the radial displacement of the casing. A prototype of the AVT has been constructed along with an experimental setup to allow for initial testing of the tool. This comprises the construction of full-scale diameter samples representing a typical 9 5/8-in. production casing cement job, with the possibility to generate a uniform micro-annulus of a known size at the casing-cement interface.
The tests performed have shown that the AVT is able to differentiate a casing supported by an annular cement sheath from a free pipe, due to the stiffness contrast. By measuring the casing radial displacement with high resolution, the results have shown that a microannulus can be detected and its size quantified with good accuracy. Experimental tests performed with tool eccentricity and tilting has shown that the AVT should be kept centralized to achieve accurate quantification of the microannulus size.
The AVT module is meant to complement the acoustic tool sting used today, and to improve evaluation of the cement sheath's sealing capability, especially in cases where a micro-annulus is detected or suspected. If an existing microannulus is suspected, the AVT logging response may confirm its occurrence, quantify its size and aid the planning of remedial operations to restore the annular barrier.