bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
S100A16, a novel lipogenesis promoting factor in livers of mice and hepatocytes in vitro
Authors: Kan Jingbao , Zhao Cuiping , Lu Shan , Shen Geqian , Yang Jie , Tong Pei , Xi Ling , Zhang Rihua , Liang Xiubin , Su Dongming , Li Dong , Liu Yun 
Published: May 2019

AbstractTo investigate the role of S100 calcium‐binding protein A16 (S100A16) in hepatic lipid metabolism, S100a16 transgenic, S100a16 knockdown, and wildtype C57BL/6 mice were fed either a high‐fat diet (HFD) or normal‐fat diet (NFD) for 16 weeks. The results showed that for HFD‐fed mice, S100a16 transgenic mice showed significantly more severe fatty liver than other HFD‐fed mice, with a significant increase in serum triglyceride (TG) concentration, with more and larger lipid droplets in the liver, whereas S100a16 knockdown mice were completely opposite, with liver fat lesions and TG serological changes being the mildest; for NFD‐fed mice, liver fat accumulation and serum TG concentrations were significantly lower than those fed HFD, and no significant lipid droplets were found in the liver. Further, we found that calmodulin (CaM) interacts with S100A16, a member of the AMP‐activated protein kinase (AMPK) pathway. Our research found that S100A16 regulates the AMPK pathway‐associated protein by interacting with CaM to regulate liver lipid synthesis. S100A16 regulates liver lipid metabolism through the CaM/CAMKK2/AMPK pathway. Overexpression of S100A16 promotes the deterioration of fatty liver induced by HFD, and low expression of S100A16 can attenuate fatty liver.
Silibinin encapsulation in polymersome: A promising anticancer nanoparticle for inducing apoptosis and decreasing the expression level of miR‐125b/miR‐182 in human breast cancer cells
Authors: Hossainzadeh Samaneh , Ranji Najmeh , Naderi Sohi Alireza , Najafi Farhood 
Published: May 2019

AbstractSilibinin, a polyphenolic flavonolignan, is well‐known as a safe therapeutic drug without any side effects in the treatment of many malignancies especially cancerous cells. In this study, to overcome problems such as low solubility of silibinin and to enhance its delivery to cancerous cells, we encapsulated silibinin in polymersome nanoparticles. Physicochemical measurements such as dynamic light scattering, transmission electron microscopy, scanning electron microscopy, and atomic force microscopy confirmed the proper encapsulation of silibinin in nanoparticles. Furthermore, antiproliferative and apoptotic activities of silibinin encapsulated in polymersome nanoparticles (SPNs) on MDA‐MB‐231 breast cancer cell line were validated by 3‐(4,5‐dimethylthiazol‐2‐yl)‐2,5‐diphenyltetrazolium bromide assay, Annexin V/Propidium Iodide measurement, and cell cycle analysis. In addition, quantitative reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction analysis confirmed that SPNs can repress oncogenic microRNAs (miRNAs) such as miR‐125b and miR‐182, as well as antiapoptotic genes such as Bcl2. SPNs can also induce overexpression of proapoptotic target genes such as P53, CASP9, and BAX directly and/or indirectly (through regulation of miRNAs). Our results suggested that polymersomes can be used as stable carriers in nano‐dimensions and SPNs can be considered as a promising pharmacological agent for cancer therapy.
A giant, well‐differentiated papillary mesothelioma of the left atrioventricular groove: Case report and brief review of the literature
Authors: Wang Xin , Ren Weidong , Xiao Yangjie , Qiao Wei , Li Ying , Cui Li , Zhang Xintong 
Published: May 2019

AbstractOf the primary cardiac tumors, well‐differentiated papillary mesothelioma (WDPM) is very rare, with only one case report documenting WDPM of the pericardium. We report herein a 17‐year‐old boy who had an abnormal chest X‐ray on a routine college‐entrance examination. A giant cardiac tumor was detected by echocardiography. The neoplasm was partially resected, and histopathological examination revealed a WDPM. The patient recovered without any complication.
Current status of hepatopulmonary syndrome in liver transplantation in Japan: a Japanese multicenter analysis
Authors: Kotera Yoshihito , Egawa Hiroto , Ogata Satoshi , Teramukai Satoshi , Kaido Toshimi , Shirabe Ken , Taketomi Akinobu , Takada Yasutugu , Yamamoto Masakazu , Yamaue Hiroki ,   the Japanese Society of Hepato‐Biliary‐Pancreatic Surgery
Published: May 2019

AbstractBackgroundHepatopulmonary syndrome (HPS) negatively affects the outcomes of deceased donor liver transplantation (LT).MethodsWe retrospectively reviewed the clinical records of patients with HPS who underwent LT and studied the impact of risk factors on clinical outcomes to determine strategies to overcome complications. Patients with symptoms of hypo‐oxygenemia and a shunt ratio >15% on 99mTc‐MAA lung perfusion scintigraphy were defined as having HPS.ResultsForty‐eight patients in 10 centers were enrolled. Diseases included biliary atresia, liver cirrhosis, non‐alcoholic steatohepatitis, congenital hepatic fibrosis, and others. The length of ICU stay was 2–170 days. The respirator was used for 41.6% of patients on post‐operative day (POD) 3 and 20.8% on POD 14. The patient survival rate was 87% at 1 year and 82% at 5 years. The causes of hospital mortality were sepsis, thrombotic microangiopathy, intracranial bleeding, pulmonary fibrosis, and transplant rejection. An amount of shunt ratio prior to LT was a significant risk factor for hospital mortality. Hypoxia from POD 3 to POD 14 was a risk factor for biliary stenosis. The shunt ratio of all surviving patients significantly improved.ConclusionAlthough LT is feasible for patients with HPS, early transplantation and avoiding hypo‐oxygenemia immediately after transplantation are important.
RhoGDI2 positively regulates the Rho GTPases activation in response to the β2 outside-in signaling in T cells adhesion and migration on ICAM-1
Authors: Liu Wenai , Wang Xuehao , Wang Shan , Ba Xueqing , Xu Tingshuang , Wang Xiaoguang , Zeng Xianlu 
Published: May 2019

Abstract
Cytoskeletal reorganization driven by Rho GTPases plays a crucial role in the migration of T cells, which are key regulators of immunity. The molecular mechanisms that control actin cytoskeleton remodeling during T cell movement have only partially been clarified as the function of many modulators has not been evaluated in these cells. Here, we report a new function of RhoGDI2 by showing that this protein positively regulates Rho GTPase activation during T cell adhesion and migration. RhoGDI2 knockdown significantly reduced T cell adhesion and migration. Furthermore, RhoGDI2 knockdown decreased the activation of Rac1 and Cdc42, 2 members of Rho GTPases, and the remodeling of the actin cytoskeleton. Upon P-selectin glycoprotein ligand-1 engagement, RhoGDI2 was phosphorylated at Y24 and Y153 by kinases related to β2 integrin outside-in signaling, Src, c-Abl, and Syk, resulting in the accumulation of RhoGDI2 at the cell membrane. Subsequent phosphorylation of S31 induced the opening of RhoGDI2 and the release of Rho GTPases, whereas phosphorylation of Y153 might promote the activation of Rho GTPases by recruiting Vav1. Moreover, the disruption of lipid rafts with methyl-β-cyclodextrin blocked the interaction between integrins and RhoGDI2, reducing the level of phosphorylated RhoGDI2 and the activation of downstream Rho GTPases. Based on these observations, RhoGDI2 is a target of intergrin outside-in signaling that activates Rho GTPases during T cell adhesion and migration, and RhoGDI2-mediated signal transduction is based on the lipid rafts integrity.
A fatal case of COQ7‐associated primary coenzyme Q10 deficiency
Authors: Kwong Anna K.‐Y. , Chiu Annie T.‐G. , Tsang Mandy H.‐Y. , Lun Kin‐Shing , Rodenburg Richard J. T. , Smeitink Jan , Chung Brian H.‐Y. , Fung Cheuk‐Wing 
Published: May 2019

AbstractBackgroundPrimary coenzyme Q10 (CoQ10) deficiencies are clinically and genetically heterogeneous group of disorders associated with defects of genes involved in the CoQ10 biosynthesis pathway. COQ7‐associated CoQ10 deficiency is very rare and only two cases have been reported.Methods and ResultsWe report a patient with encephalo‐myo‐nephro‐cardiopathy, persistent lactic acidosis, and basal ganglia lesions resulting in early infantile death. Using whole exome sequencing, we identified compound heterozygous variants in the COQ7 gene consisting of a deletion insertion resulting in frameshift [c.599_600delinsTAATGCATC, p.(Lys200Ilefs*56)] and a missense substitution [c.319C>T, p.(Arg107Trp), NM_016138.4]. Skin fibroblast studies showed decreased combined complex II + III activity and reduction in CoQ10 level.ConclusionThis third patient presenting with lethal encephalo‐myo‐nephro‐cardiopathy represents the severe end of this ultra‐rare mitochondrial disease caused by biallelic COQ7 mutations. The response to CoQ10 supplement is poor and alternative treatment strategies should be developed for a more effective management of this disorder.
2019 HRS/EHRA/APHRS/LAHRS expert consensus statement on catheter ablation of ventricular arrhythmias
Authors: Cronin Edmond M. , Bogun Frank M. , Maury Philippe , Peichl Petr , Chen Minglong , Namboodiri Narayanan , Aguinaga Luis , Leite Luiz Roberto , Al‐Khatib Sana M. , Anter Elad , Berruezo Antonio , Callans David J. , Chung Mina K. , Cuculich Phillip , d'Avila Andre , Deal Barbara J. , Della Bella Paolo , Deneke Thomas , Dickfeld Timm‐Michael , Hadid Claudio , Haqqani Haris M. , Neal Kay G. , Latchamsetty Rakesh , Marchlinski Francis , Miller John M. , Nogami Akihiko , Patel Akash R. , Pathak Rajeev Kumar , Saenz Morales Luis C. , Santangeli Pasquale , Sapp John L. , Sarkozy Andrea , Soejima Kyoko , Stevenson William G. , Tedrow Usha B. , Tzou Wendy S. , Varma Niraj , Zeppenfeld Katja 
Published: May 2019

AbstractVentricular arrhythmias are an important cause of morbidity and mortality and come in a variety of forms, from single premature ventricular complexes to sustained ventricular tachycardia and fibrillation. Rapid developments have taken place over the past decade in our understanding of these arrhythmias and in our ability to diagnose and treat them. The field of catheter ablation has progressed with the development of new methods and tools, and with the publication of large clinical trials. Therefore, global cardiac electrophysiology professional societies undertook to outline recommendations and best practices for these procedures in a document that will update and replace the 2009 EHRA/HRS Expert Consensus on Catheter Ablation of Ventricular Arrhythmias. An expert writing group, after reviewing and discussing the literature, including a systematic review and meta‐analysis published in conjunction with this document, and drawing on their own experience, drafted and voted on recommendations and summarized current knowledge and practice in the field. Each recommendation is presented in knowledge byte format and is accompanied by supportive text and references. Further sections provide a practical synopsis of the various techniques and of the specific ventricular arrhythmia sites and substrates encountered in the electrophysiology lab. The purpose of this document is to help electrophysiologists around the world to appropriately select patients for catheter ablation, to perform procedures in a safe and efficacious manner, and to provide follow‐up and adjunctive care in order to obtain the best possible outcomes for patients with ventricular arrhythmias.
Contribution of Genetic and Clinical Risk Factors to Development of Candidemia in Patients Receiving Home Parenteral Nutrition
Authors: Wouters Yannick , Roelofs Hennie M. J. , Netea Mihai G. , te Morsche René H. M. , Wanten Geert J. A. 
Published: May 2019

AbstractBackgroundPatients receiving home parenteral nutrition (HPN) have an increased risk for central line–associated bloodstream infections (CLABSIs), including candidemia. Recently, 7 single‐nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in TLR1, CD58, LCE4A‐Clorf68, and TAGAP have been associated with the development of candidemia. Identification of host‐genetic as well as clinical risk factors may help to identify patients who have an increased susceptibility to such infections. The aim of this study was to investigate the relevance of the reported SNPs in patients receiving HPN, and to explore clinical risk factors associated with candidemia.MethodsWe analyzed blood samples of adult patients who started HPN between 1976 and 2017 at our referral center for intestinal failure. Primary outcome was the association between TLR1, CD58, LCE4A‐Clorf68, or TAGAP SNPs and candidemia. Secondary outcomes included the relation between severity of infection and these SNPs, and clinical risk factors for candidemia.ResultsOf 341 included patients, 42 (12%) experienced a candidemia (range 1–6). None of the 7 SNPs were associated with candidemia or the severity of infection. The rate of non‐Candida‐related CLABSIs was significantly associated with candidemia (rate ratio, 1.29; 95% CI, 1.14–1.46; P < 0.001).ConclusionsNone of 7 known SNPs in TLR1, CD58, LCE4A‐Clorf68, or TAGAP were associated with candidemia or severity of infection in patients receiving HPN. The rate of non‐Candida‐related CLABSIs was significantly associated with the development of candidemia. The latter supports the key role of aseptic catheter handling with respect to Candida susceptibility in patients receiving HPN.
Tip‐enhanced spectroscopy of 2D black phosphorus
Authors: Gao Man , Sun Mengtao , Meng Lingyan 
Published: May 2019

AbstractOptical studies on black phosphorus (BP) are crucial for its applications in plasmon‐enhanced spectroscopy, biomedicine, and energy. Plasmonic enhancement, spatial resolution, and directional emission, which related to tip‐enhanced spectroscopy of few‐layer BP, have been theoretically investigated. Calculated Raman and fluorescence enhancement factors are 8 and 3 orders of magnitude, respectively. The spatial resolutions for Raman and fluorescence spectroscopy could reach 6 and 7 nm, respectively, under the 633‐nm laser wavelength. Directional tip‐enhanced spectroscopy emission reveals a tunable optimized collection angle by changing the tilted angle of the tip. Our theoretical results provide a deep understanding of the underlying enhanced mechanism of BP spectroscopy, useful for the design of nanoelectronic and optoelectronic devices.
Probing of structural phase transitions in barium titanate modified sodium niobate using Raman scattering
Authors: Jauhari Mrinal , Mishra S.K. , Mittal R. , Chaplot S.L. 
Published: May 2019

AbstractRaman spectroscopic measurements are carried out to investigate the structural phase transitions as a function of composition in modified sodium niobate [(1‐x) NaNbO3‐xBaTiO3:NNBTx] for x = 0.0 to 0.15 at room temperature. The characteristic antiferroelectric modes at around 93.4 and 123.6 cm−1, along with a mode at 155.5 cm−1 were found to disappear across the structural phase transition from antiferroelectric orthorhombic phase (Pbcm) to ferroelectric orthorhombic phase (Pmc21) for x > 0.02. The redistribution of intensities and positions of the Raman lines in bending (150–350 cm−1) and stretching modes (>550 cm−1) on increasing the concentration x > 0.05, also confirms the occurrence of another phase transition from ferroelectric orthorhombic phase (Pmc21) to another ferroelectric orthorhombic phase (Amm2) phase across x~0.10. The phase transitions as observed from Raman measurements are consistent with previous X‐ray diffraction study.
Microfunnel‐filter‐based emulsification microextraction followed by gas chromatography for simple determination of organophosphorus pesticides in environmental water samples
Authors: Talaee Mitra , Lorestani Bahareh , Ramezani Majid , Cheraghi Mehrdad , Jamehbozorgi Saeed 
Published: May 2019

AbstractA simple and fast method named microfunnel‐filter‐based emulsification microextraction is introduced for an efficient determination of some organophosphorus pesticides including diazinon, malathion, and chlorpyrifos in the environmental samples including the river, sea, and well water. This method is based upon the dispersion of a low‐toxicity organic solvent (dihexyl ether), as the extractant, in a high volume of an aqueous sample solution (45 mL). It is implemented without a centrifugation step, and using a syringe filter and a micro‐funnel, the phase separation and transfer of the enriched analytes to the gas chromatograph are simply achieved. By filtration of the extractant phase, a suitable sample clean‐up is obtained, and the total extraction time is just a few minutes. The factors influencing the extraction efficiency are optimized, and under the optimal conditions, the proposed method provides a good linearity (in the range of 15–1500 ng/mL (R2 > 0.996). A high enrichment factor is obtained (in the range of 306–342), and the method provides low limits of detection and quantification (in the ranges of 4–8 and 15–25 ng/mL, respectively).
Plant community responses to multiple disturbances in an arid region of northeast Iran
Authors: Erfanian Mohammad Bagher , Ejtehadi Hamid , Vaezi Jamil , Moazzeni Hamid 
Published: May 2019

AbstractVarious disturbances affect the vegetation in rural areas. However, the responses of plant communities to multiple disturbances have rarely been studied. We investigated the vegetation of a rural landscape in northeast Iran. We established 42 study sites in three land use types using a stratified‐random design: ungrazed abandoned croplands (UACs), grazed abandoned croplands (GACs), and grazed field margins (GFMs). The species richness and canopy cover for all vascular plants and influential disturbances (i.e., grazing, degraded/nondegraded status, distance to the main road, and distance to active cropland) were recorded at each site. We compared multiple facets of the plant communities among land use types. The results showed that there were significant differences among the species compositions of the land use types, with therophytes dominating in all three. Alien species were found in the three land use types, particularly in UACs. GFMs had the highest number of native species. There were no significant differences in the species or phylogenetic diversities among the land use types. Grazing and distance to active cropland were identified as significant factors determining the native species structure in the area, whereas grazing was the only significant factor determining the alien species structure. There was a significant correlation between the native and alien species structure. Our results imply that grazing disperses native and alien plant propagules simultaneously. Neither grazing nor non‐grazing improved biodiversity in the abandoned croplands. The restoration of this landscape requires a community‐specific plan. GFMs are native plant islands that should be prioritized in restoration.
The impacts of nutrient addition and livestock exclosure on the soil nematode community in a degraded grassland
Authors: Zhang Zhi‐Wei , Li Qi , Zhang Hai‐Yang , Hu Yan‐Yu , Hou Shuang‐Li , Wei Hai‐Wei , Yin Jiang‐Xia , Lü Xiao‐Tao 
Published: May 2019

AbstractNutrient addition and livestock exclosure are two strategies for restoring degraded grassland. Although their impacts on plant community properties are well understood, the effects of fertilization and livestock exclosure on belowground fauna community in degraded grassland remain largely unknown. We examined the main and interactive effects of nutrient addition and livestock exclosure on soil nematode community in a severely degraded grassland of northern China, by recording soil nematode community composition in 0‐ to 10‐cm soil layer in the summer of 2017. Neither nutrient addition nor livestock exclosure had significant effects on the biodiversity of nematode community in this degraded grassland. Livestock exclosure significantly increased the abundances of total nematodes and the maturity index of the nematode community, mainly due to its positive effect on omnivorous + carnivorous nematodes. Nutrient addition weakened the positive effects of livestock exclosure on soil nematode community by reducing soil pH and enhancing soil ammonium concentration. Our results highlight that the positive effects of livestock exclosure on soil nematode community would be reassessed under the scenarios of nutrient enrichment. Given that most grasslands are used for livestock production, the interactive effects of grazing and nutrient enrichment on soil nematode community deserve more attention in further research.
The Value of Confocal Laser Endoscopy in Assessing the Quality of Duodenal Ulcer Healing
Authors: Rong Jianfang , Zhang Liang , Liao Wangdi , Xie Yong , Lu Nonghua , Shu Xu 
Published: May 2019

Background and ObjectiveConfocal laser endomicroscopy (CLE) is a novel endoscopic technique that can image cells and subcellular layers of the gastric mucosa in vivo. We aimed to investigate the value of CLE in assessing the quality of ulcer healing (QOUH) and preliminarily establish evaluation criteria.Materials and MethodsPatients with duodenal ulcers were enrolled. After duodenal ulcer healing, we compared the value of CLE and white light endoscopy (WLE) in assessing the QOUH by using the histopathological diagnosis as the gold standard. At the same time, immunohistochemistry was performed to examine the expressions of transforming growth factor β1 (TGF‐β1) and fibroblast growth factor 2 (FGF‐2) in normal and scar tissues.ResultsIn assessing the QOUH classified as poor, good, and excellent by the pathological classification, the sensitivity of WLE was 57.14%, 50%, and 47.06%, the specificity was 87.80%, 52.38%, and 81.58%, and the accuracy was 80.00%, 50.91%, and 70.91%, respectively. Meanwhile, the sensitivity of CLE was 73.33%, 85.19%, and 92.31%, the specificity was 95%, 85.71%, and 92.86%, and the accuracy was 89.09%, 85.45%, and 92.73%, respectively. The κ value for the correlation with pathological diagnosis grade was 0.38 for WLE vs. 0.74 for CLE. The assessment of the QOUH in the CLE image classification showed great improvement compared with that in the WLE image classification. The image classification of CLE was not associated with the immunohistochemical expression of TGF‐β1 or FGF‐2 according the Spearman rank correlation (P > 0.05).ConclusionCompared with WLE, CLE has a higher value in assessing the QOUH. Lasers Surg. Med. © 2019 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Tensile strength performance with determination of the Poisson‘s ratio of additively manufactured AlSi10Mg samples
Authors: Sert E. , Schuch E. , Öchsner A. , Hitzler L. , Werner E. , Merkel M. 
Published: May 2019

AbstractAdditive manufacturing of metals is a key technology and an emerging industrial sector enabling the manufacture of highly specialized and advanced components. It's outstanding advantages are the geometric flexibility and the elimination of tools compared to conventional manufacturing techniques. However, multiple directional dependencies lead to an anisotropic material behaviour, rendering the material description more complicated. Samples used for this study were fabricated from the age‐hardenable alloy AlSi10Mg, focusing on fluctuating material properties in relation to differing built orientations. In addition, the effect of thermal post treatment was considered. Comprehensive tensile tests employing a lateral strain sensor were performed, in order to determine the transverse contraction during loading and to quantify directional dependencies. The Young's modulus varied between 66 GPa and 68 GPa, however the Poisson's ratio ranged between 0.31 and 0.39. Investigations on the fractured faces by means of scanning electron microscopy investigations were also part of this study.