bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Reflectance confocal microscopy and dermoscopy aid in evaluating repigmentation within or adjacent to lentigo maligna melanoma surgical scars
Authors: Navarrete‐Dechent C. , Cordova M. , Liopyris K. , Rishpon A. , Aleissa S. , Rossi A.M. , Lee E. , Chen C.‐C.J. , Busam K.J. , Marghoob A.A. , Nehal K.S. 
Published: July 2019

AbstractBackgroundDetermining whether repigmentation within or adjacent to lentigo maligna or lentigo maligna melanoma (LM/LMM) scars represents recurrence of melanoma is challenging. The use of reflectance confocal microscopy (RCM) and dermoscopy may aid in differentiating true melanoma recurrence from other causes of repigmentation.ObjectivesTo describe the characteristics of repigmentation within or adjacent to LM/LMM scars observable on RCM and dermoscopy.MethodsWe retrospectively analysed patients who presented with new pigmentation within or adjacent to scars from surgically treated LM/LMM between January 2014 and December 2018. Clinical and demographic characteristics and time to recurrence were recorded. RCM was used to evaluate areas of pigmentation before biopsy. If available, dermoscopic images were also evaluated.ResultsIn total, 30 confocal studies in 29 patients were included in the study cohort. Twenty‐one patients had biopsy‐confirmed recurrent LM/LMM; the remainder had pigmented actinic keratosis (n = 4) or hyperpigmentation/solar lentigo (n = 5). RCM had sensitivity of 95.24% (95% CI, 76.18–99.88%), specificity of 77.7% (95% CI, 39.99–97.19%), positive predictive value of 90.91% (95% CI, 74.58–97.15%) and negative predictive value of 87.5% (95% CI, 50.04–98.0%). The most common dermoscopic feature observed among patients with recurrent LM/LMM was focal homogeneous or structureless areas of light‐brown pigmentation (92.8% vs. 37.5% in patients with other diagnoses; P = 0.009). LM‐specific dermoscopic criteria were present in only 28.5% of patients with recurrent LM/LMM.ConclusionsReflectance confocal microscopy and dermoscopy are valuable tools for the comprehensive evaluation of repigmentation within or adjacent to LM scars.
The interactive effects between air pollution and meteorological factors on the hospital outpatient visits for atopic dermatitis in Beijing, China: a time‐series analysis
Authors: Guo Q. , Xiong X. , Liang F. , Tian L. , Liu W. , Wang Z. , Pan X. 
Published: July 2019

AbstractBackgroundThe prevalence of atopic dermatitis (AD) dramatically increased over these years and environmental factors were considered as potential contributors towards these trends.ObjectiveThis study aimed to explore several major environmental exposures, including air pollution, temperature and relative humidity, in order to identify potential modifiable risk factors and their interactive effects on AD.MethodsWe applied a bivariate response surface model and stratification model based on time‐series Poisson generalized additive models to examine the interactive effects of air pollution and meteorological factors on AD.ResultsA total of 64 987 outpatient visits for AD were recorded from 1 January 2013 to 31 December 2017. Interactive effects were found between air pollutants and meteorological factors. Enhanced positive associations between pollutants and outpatient visits for AD were found at the highest quartile temperature level. A 10 μg/m3 increase in PM2.5, PM10, NO2 and SO2 were associated with 0.42% (95% CI: 0.16–0.67%), 0.34% (95% CI: 0.15–0.54%), 1.11% (95% CI: 0.38–1.84%) and 1.06% (0.21–1.93%) increase in outpatient visits for AD at the highest quartile temperature level.ConclusionThat effects of air pollutants on AD can be modified by meteorological factors, with enhanced effects on hot days.
Association of vitamin D receptor gene polymorphism (rs10735810) and chronic periodontitis
Authors: Murthykumar Karthikeyan , Arjunkumar Radhika , Jayaseelan Vijayashree Priyadharsini 
Published: July 2019

AbstractAimThe aim of the present study was to analyze the association between vitamin D receptor (VDR) (rs10735810) gene polymorphism and chronic periodontitis (CP).MethodsA total of 100 subjects were recruited for this study, which included 50 CP and 50 healthy controls. Genomic DNA was extracted from the whole blood collected from the subjects. DNA was amplified using specific primers flanking the FokI region of the VDR gene (rs10735810). The amplicon was further subjected to genotyping using restriction fragment length polymorphism (RFLP) using the FokI enzyme. The genotype obtained based on RFLP pattern was recorded and used for statistical analysis. The distribution of genotypes and allele frequencies in the chronic periodontitis and control groups were compared using the χ2‐test.ResultsThe CP group displayed the highest frequency of CT (20%) and TT (6%) genotypes when compared with the control subjects. Allele frequency was found to be similar in both groups. The C allele was found to be predominant in the study population compared with the T allele.ConclusionThe present study denotes that the VDR polymorphism (rs10735810) is not associated with CP in the study group analyzed.
Ki67, CD105 and α‐smooth muscle actin expression in disease progression model of oral submucous fibrosis
Authors: Gadbail Amol R. , Chaudhary Minal S. , Sarode Sachin C. , Gondivkar Shailesh M. , Belekar Lalita , Mankar‐Gadbail Mugdha P. , Dande Ravi , Tekade Satyajit A. , Yuwanati Monal B. , Patil Shankargouda 
Published: July 2019

AbstractAimThe aim of this study was to investigate the expression of Ki67, CD105 and α‐smooth muscle actin (α‐SMA) expression in oral submucous fibrosis (OSF) and oral squamous cell carcinoma in the background of OSF (OSCC‐SMF).MethodsThe study was carried out on paraffin‐embedded tissues of 30 normal oral mucosa (NOM), 50 OSF cases and 105 OSCC‐SMF. The immunohistochemistry was carried out to evaluate the expression of Ki67, CD105 and α‐SMA antigen.ResultsKi67 labelling index (LI), CD105 and α‐SMA expression showed increasing trend from NOM, low‐risk epithelial dysplasia (LRED), high‐risk epithelial dysplasia (HRED), well‐differentiated squamous cell carcinoma (WDSCC), moderately differentiated squamous cell carcinoma to poorly differentiated squamous cell carcinoma. However, there was no significant difference of α‐SMA expression between HRED and WDSCC. In OSCC‐SMF, Ki67 LI, CD105 and α‐SMA were significantly higher in advanced clinical TNM stage, metastasis and less than 3 years patient survival as compared with early clinical TNM stage, non‐metastasis and 3 years or more patient survival.ConclusionKi67 LI, α‐SMA and CD105 expression alone or together correspond with the disease progression model of SMF. Hence, expression of these markers can be used as a predictive marker of clinical outcome of OSCC‐SMF.
High specificity of widely used phospho‐tau antibodies validated using a quantitative whole‐cell based assay
Authors: Li Dan , Cho Yong Ku 
Published: July 2019

AbstractAntibodies raised against defined phosphorylation sites of the microtubule‐associated protein tau are widely used in scientific research and being applied in clinical assays. However, recent studies have revealed an alarming degree of non‐specific binding found in these antibodies. In order to quantify and compare the specificity phospho‐tau antibodies and other post‐translational modification site‐specific antibodies in general, a measure of specificity is urgently needed. Here, we report a robust flow cytometry assay using human embryonic kidney cells that enables the determination of a specificity parameter termed Φ, which measures the fraction of non‐specific signal in antibody binding. We validate our assay using anti‐tau antibodies with known specificity profiles, and apply it to measure the specificity of seven widely used phospho‐tau antibodies (AT270, AT8, AT100, AT180, PHF‐6, TG‐3, and PHF‐1) among others. We successfully determined the Φ values for all antibodies except AT100, which did not show detectable binding in our assay. Our results show that antibodies AT8, AT180, PHF‐6, TG‐3, and PHF‐1 have Φ values near 1, which indicates no detectable non‐specific binding. AT270 showed Φ value around 0.8, meaning that approximately 20% of the binding signal originates from non‐specific binding. Further analyses using immunocytochemistry and western blotting confirmed the presence of non‐specific binding of AT270 to non‐tau proteins found in human embryonic kidney cells and the mouse hippocampus. We anticipate that the quantitative approach and parameter introduced here will be widely adopted as a standard for reporting the specificity for phospho‐tau antibodies, and potentially for post‐translational modification targeting antibodies in general.
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Cover Image for this issue: doi: 10.1111/jnc.14727.
Differential serotonin transporter (5‐HTT) and 5‐HT2 receptor density in limbic and neocortical areas of adults and children with autism spectrum disorders: implications for selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor efficacy
Authors: Brandenburg Cheryl , Blatt Gene J. 
Published: July 2019

AbstractAs selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs) are among the most commonly prescribed medications in autism, we aimed to determine whether targets for SSRIs are differentially affected in three cortical areas in children and adults with autism compared to neurotypical individuals. Utilizing a large cohort of postmortem brain tissue (n = 14–19 per group), saturation ligand binding assays were conducted on sections from the anterior cingulate cortex (ACC), posterior cingulate cortex, and fusiform gyrus (FG). Specific binding to the 5‐HT transporter (5‐HTT) as well as to 5‐HT2 and 1A receptors (5‐HT₂, 5‐HT1A) was quantified in superficial and deep layers of each region using the ligands [3H]‐citalopram (5‐HTT), [3H]‐ketanserin (5‐HT2), and [3H]‐8‐OH‐DPAT (5‐HT1A). A Welch’s t‐test was utilized to compare receptor densities (Bmax), revealing a statistically significant decrease in 5‐HTT within the ACC of the entire autism cohort. There was also a decrease in 5‐HT2 receptor density in the ACC in the adult cohort, but not in child postmortem autism cases as compared to controls. Comparing linear regression lines of Bmax values plotted against age, shows a significantly lower intercept for 5‐HTT in autism (p = 0.025). 5‐HT₂ density increases with age in control cases, whereas in autism there is a decrease with age and significantly different slopes between regression lines (p = 0.032). This suggests a deficit in 5‐HTT within the ACC in individuals with autism, while decreases in 5‐HT₂ density are age‐dependent. There were no differences in receptor densities in the posterior cingulate cortex or FG in autism and no differences in ligand affinity (KD) across all regions and ligands examined.
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Nurse‐led integration of palliative care for chronic obstructive pulmonary disease: An integrative literature review
Authors: Ora Linda , Mannix Judy , Morgan Lucy , Wilkes Lesley 
Published: July 2019

AbstractAims and objectivesTo uncover what is known about nurse‐led models or interventions that have integrated palliative care into the care of patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease.BackgroundChronic obstructive pulmonary disease is a highly symptomatic, incurable disease characterised by chronic symptoms that without appropriate palliation can lead to unnecessary suffering for patients and their caregivers. While palliative care practices can relieve suffering and improve quality of life, most palliative models of care remain cancer‐focused. New models, including nurse‐led care that integrates palliative care for patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, could address patient suffering and therefore need to be explored.MethodA mixed‐studies integrative review was undertaken. Seven databases were searched for articles published between 2008–2018. The PRISMA framework was applied to the search, and six studies met the review eligibility criteria. Content analysis of the articles was undertaken, and data were compared, looking for different nurse‐led models and outcomes related to palliative care in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease.ResultsNurse‐led, integrated palliative care models for patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease are rare and just four of the six articles found in this review had published results. Advance care planning was found to be the most common focus for nurse‐led interventions in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, and in all cases, results demonstrated an improvement in end‐of‐life discussions and completion of advance care directives. Of the reviewed articles, none used a qualitative framework to explore nurse‐led models that integrated palliative care in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease.ConclusionWhile nurse‐led advance care planning was one type of palliative care practice associated with positive patient outcomes, there is a need for deeper exploration of nurse‐led models that holistically address the bio‐psycho‐social‐spiritual needs of patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, and their caregivers.Relevance to clinical practiceIntegrating nurse‐led supportive care clinics into chronic obstructive pulmonary disease services could be a way forward to address the unmet bio‐psycho‐social‐spiritual needs of patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, and their caregivers.
Too Much of a Good Thing? The Boomerang Effect of Firms’ Investments on Corporate Social Responsibility during Product Recalls
Authors: Liu Alfred Zhu , Liu Angela Xia , Wang Rui , Xu Sean Xin 
Published: July 2019

AbstractPrior research shows that a good record of corporate social responsibility (CSR) has an insurance‐like effect on shareholder value in negative events. We posit and provide empirical evidence that excessive CSR activities can also cause a boomerang effect during negative events. In the setting of product recalls, we show that overinvestment in CSR has a boomerang effect on shareholder value when a company with excessive CSR activities announces a recall. Further analysis shows that the boomerang effect is exacerbated when institutional ownership is low or when customer awareness is high. Our study adds to the literature new insights on how CSR affects shareholder value during a reputation crisis.
High levels of ANXA2 are characteristic of malignant salivary gland tumors
Authors: Cardoso Claudio Marcelo , de Jesus Sabrina Ferreira , de Souza Marcela Gonçalves , Queiroz Lorena dos Reis Pereira , Santos Eloa Mangabeira , dos Santos Erivelton Pereira , Oliveira Luis Paulo , Cordeiro Santos Cristiane Karine , Santos Sérgio Henrique Sousa , de Paula Alfredo Maurício Batista , Farias Lucyana Conceição , Guimaraes Andre Luiz Sena 
Published: July 2019

AbstractObjectiveMalignant salivary gland tumors (MSGTs) present different phenotypic characteristics and various clinical outcomes, which proved to be a diagnostic challenge. Considering the heterogeneity of MSGT, this study aims to identify molecule related to the nature of MSGT.MethodsFor screening, proteomic analysis comparing MSGT with pleomorphic adenoma (PA) and salivary gland was performed. The MSGT‐associated protein which presented in the higher number in the Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) database was selected. To validate the data, immunohistochemistry (IHC) was performed in 14 patients with PA, 22 patients with MSGT, and 14 controls.Results16 proteins were associated with MSGT. ANXA2 was the primary protein, according to GEO database analyses. ANXA2 was most expressed in the cell membrane. However, some ANXA2 staining was also observed in the cytoplasm and nucleus. ANXA2 was highly expressed in MSGT in comparison with control. Also, ANXA2 has a higher expression in adenocarcinoma not otherwise specified (ANOS) and myoepithelial carcinoma (MC) in comparison with PA.ConclusionIn conclusion, this study demonstrated that MSGT presented higher levels of ANXA2 in comparison with normal salivary glands. Also, ANXA2 might be interesting as a molecular marker of ANOS and MS.
Dictyochophyceae Plastid Genomes Reveal Unusual Variability in Their Organization
Authors: Han Kwi Young , Maciszewski Kacper , Graf Louis , Yang Ji Hyun , Andersen Robert A. , Karnkowska Anna , Yoon Hwan Su 
Published: July 2019

Dictyochophyceae (silicoflagellates) are unicellular freshwater and marine algae (Heterokontophyta, stramenopiles). Despite their abundance in global oceans and potential ecological significance, discovered in recent years, neither nuclear nor organellar genomes of representatives of this group were sequenced until now. Here, we present the first complete plastid genome sequences of Dictyochophyceae, obtained from four species: Dictyocha speculum, Rhizochromulina marina, Florenciella parvula and Pseudopedinella elastica. Despite their comparable size and genetic content, these four plastid genomes exhibit variability in their organization: plastid genomes of F. parvula and P. elastica possess conventional quadripartite structure with a pair of inverted repeats, R. marina instead possesses two direct repeats with the same orientation and D. speculum possesses no repeats at all. We also observed a number of unusual traits in the plastid genome of D. speculum, including expansion of the intergenic regions, presence of an intron in the otherwise non‐intron‐bearing psaA gene, and an additional copy of the large subunit of RuBisCO gene (rbcL), the last of which has never been observed in any plastid genome. We conclude that despite noticeable gene content similarities between the plastid genomes of Dictyochophyceae and their relatives (pelagophytes, diatoms), the number of distinctive features observed in this lineage strongly suggests that additional taxa require further investigation.
Thyroid and renal function in cats following low‐dose radioiodine (111Mbq) therapy
Authors: Finch N. C. , Stallwood J. , Tasker S. , Hibbert A. 
Published: July 2019

ObjectivesTo describe the effect of low‐dose (111MBq) radioiodine therapy on thyroid and renal function in hyperthyroid cats over a 12‐month follow‐up period.Materials and MethodsClient‐owned hyperthyroid cats underwent low‐dose radioiodine therapy and were followed‐up for 12 months. Immediately before radioiodine treatment, and at 1, 6 and 12 months afterwards, total thyroxine, thyroid stimulating hormone, serum creatinine and glomerular filtration rate were measured.ResultsFifteen of the 24 (63%) cats achieved euthyroidism following low‐dose radioiodine treatment. The incidence of overt hypothyroidism was six of 24 (25%) cats. Of the six cats developing overt hypothyroidism, three had decreased renal function, with decreased glomerular filtration rate preceding azotaemia in two of these individuals. Transient overt or subclinical hypothyroidism before restoration of euthyroidism was not observed.Clinical SignificanceLow‐dose radioiodine is effective treatment for hyperthyroidism in most cats but overt hypothyroidism may develop in some. Concurrent early decline in renal function may only be detected by measuring glomerular filtration rate rather than serum creatinine in some cats. Monitoring following radioiodine treatment should include total thyroxine and thyroid stimulating hormone and measurement of glomerular filtration rate should be considered in non‐azotaemic cats.
Attitudes, practices and perceived barriers to hepatitis C screening among medical residents at a large urban academic medical center
Authors: Winetsky Daniel , Zucker Jason , Carnevale Caroline , Theodore Deborah , Scherer Matthew , Sani Fereshteh , Elkington Katherine , Cohall Alwyn , Sobieszczyk Magdalena E. , Gordon Peter , Olender Susan 
Published: July 2019

AbstractInfections with hepatitis C virus (HCV) are increasing among adolescents and adults born after 1965. Screening strategies may need to be adapted for this changing population. We surveyed trainees in different specialties about attitudes and practices related to HCV screening and identified specific barriers to screening across various healthcare settings. Constraints related to health system resources and the provider's role were among the most common barriers cited across specialties, but paediatrics residents also cited barriers specific to their population, which can likely be addressed with targeted education.
Glucose and insulin response after intravenous and subcutaneous somatostatin administration in healthy horses
Authors: Luethy Daniela , Johnson Amy L. , Stefanovski Darko , Boston Raymond C. , Orsini James Anthony 
Published: July 2019

AbstractEquine metabolic syndrome (EMS) is prevalent in the equine population, and somatostatin analogs might be useful for diagnosis and/or treatment of EMS in horses. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the glucose and insulin responses to subcutaneous and intravenous administration of somatostatin. Six healthy research horses were included in this prospective study. An initial pilot study was performed to assess several different doses (10–22 µg/kg [4.5–10 µg/lb]) in two horses, then a final dosage of 22 µg/kg (10 µg/lb) was administered to six horses IV and SQ in a two‐period randomized cross‐over study performed over a 3‐month study period. Blood samples were collected for measurement of plasma insulin and glucose concentrations during a 24‐hr study period. Both IV and SQ somatostatin resulted in decreased insulin and increased glucose concentrations. SQ somatostatin resulted in a longer clinical effect, with return to baseline insulin occurring at 1.5 hr postadministration, versus 45 min for IV. Both IV and SQ administration of somatostatin to normal horses resulted in decreased insulin and increased glucose concentrations, likely due to suppression of insulin secretion by somatostatin. A more prolonged effect was seen following SQ administration as compared to IV administration, and no adverse effects were noted at varying doses. This study provides additional information regarding the effect of somatostatin administration on insulin and glucose concentrations in clinically healthy horses.