bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Renal function assessment in older people: comparative analysis of estimation equation with serum creatinine
Authors: Peruzzo Stefania , Ottaviani Silvia , Tagliafico Luca , Muzyka Mariya , Ponzano Marta , Marelli Cristina , Signori Alessio , Nencioni Alessio , Monacelli Fiammetta 
Published: December 2024

IntroductionAge-related changes occurring in the kidney can lead to a reduction in Glomerular Filtration Rate (GFR); especially in older adults with multimorbidity and/or frailty, an accurate evaluation of kidney function is critical. For the estimation of GFR in patients over 70 years, CKD-EPI (Chronic Kidney Disease Epidemiology Collaboration) is often used. However, validated equations exist for old-age populations like BIS1 (Berlin Initiative Study 1) and FAS (Full Age Spectrum). Here we aimed to compare the performance of CKD-EPI, MDRD (Modification of Diet in Renal Disease), BIS1, and FAS in assessing eGFR in a population of patients over 70, to evaluate which equations show the most accurate performance in our setting.Materials and methodsA total of 499 older adults were consecutively recruited in the Orthogeriatric ward and Oncogeriatrics clinic of IRCCS Polyclinic San Martino in Genoa Italy. eGFR was calculated using CKD-EPI, MDRD, BIS1, and FAS, calculating mean, median, standard deviation, and interquartile range. Bland–Altman graphs were used to evaluate how each equation performs with respect to the others and the concordance of the attribution of the KDIGO CKD stage was performed with Cohen’s K constant and chi-squared test.ResultsPatients’ mean age was 82.6 years (± 7.44), and the mean creatinine value was 0.97 (± 0.71) mg/dl. The mean value of eGFR was 70 mL/min with CKD-EPI (± 20.6) and MDRD (± 25.7), 57 mL/min with BIS1 (± 16.7) and FAS (± 19.0), respectively. BIS1 and FAS estimated lower eGFR values than CKD-EPI and MDRD. As age increases, a steady decrease in filtrate value is observed with BIS1 and FAS. MDRD and CDK-EPI do not show the same trend. The performance of the equations at a fixed eGFR value of 30 mL/min is more linear for BIS1 and FAS compared with CKD-EPI and MDRD. Upon evaluation with chi-square, the attribution of KDIGO stage was statistically different among the various equations.DiscussionAn appropriate assessment of renal function is of key clinical relevance to prevent adverse outcomes and risk of drug accumulation in older adults. Our study originally showed that in persons aged more than 70 years old BIS1 is the most accurate formula in calculating eGFR values when only serum creatinine is available.
Safety and efficacy of 48-week pegylated interferon-α-2b therapy in patients with hepatitis B virus-related compensated liver cirrhosis: a pilot observational study
Authors: Wang Zehong , Wang Xuanxuan , Zhou Li , Shi Shaoyuan , Hua Yongli , Feng Yinong 
Published: December 2024

BackgroundPegylated interferon-α (PEG-IFN-α) therapy could decrease hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg) and improve long-term prognosis of hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection. However, studies on safety and efficacy of PEG-IFN-α for patients with HBV-related cirrhosis are limited.MethodsThis was a single-center study. Fifty-four patients with HBV-related compensated cirrhosis were enrolled. All patients received subcutaneous injection of PEG-IFN-α-2b 180 μg per week for 48 weeks. The monotherapy of PEG-IFN-α-2b was used for treatment-naïve patients, while addition of PEG-IFN-α-2b to on-going nucleos(t)ide analogs (NAs) was used for NAs-experienced patients. Clinical symptoms, laboratory tests, examination indicators, and adverse events were collected at each observational time point.ResultsForty-two patients achieved undetectable serum HBV DNA at 48 weeks post-therapy. HBsAg level was significantly reduced at 48 weeks post-therapy (227.2 IU/mL vs. 1,668 IU/mL; p &lt; 0.001), especially in NAs-experienced patients (161.0 IU/mL vs. 1,207 IU/mL; p = 0.005). Three patients achieved HBsAg loss, and two of them obtained HBsAg seroconversion. There were no significant differences in liver stiffness measurement, thickness and length of spleen, or diameter of portal vein between baseline and 48 weeks post-therapy (p &gt; 0.05). The aminotransferase levels were increased, while white blood cells, neutrophils, and platelets counts were decreased during PEG-IFN-α-2b therapy (p &lt; 0.05), especially in treatment-naïve patients. Three patients discontinued PEG-IFN-α-2b therapy due to severe adverse events. No patients suffered with virological breakthrough or progressed to end-stage liver diseases during observational period.ConclusionA finite course of PEG-IFN-α-2b therapy was well-tolerated, and reduced HBsAg level without accelerating disease progression in patients with HBV-related compensated cirrhosis.Clinical trial registrationThis trial is a part of ZhuFeng Project (ClinicalTrials.gov, identifier NCT04035837).
Significant nocturnal wakefulness after sleep onset in metabolic dysfunction–associated steatotic liver disease
Authors: Schaeffer Sofia , Bogdanovic Andrijana , Hildebrandt Talitha , Flint Emilio , Geng Anne , Pecenko Sylvia , Lussier Paul , Strumberger Michael A. , Meyer Martin , Weber Jakob , Heim Markus H. , Cajochen Christian , Bernsmeier Christine 
Published: December 2024

Metabolic dysfunction–associated steatotic liver disease (MASLD) is a multisystemic disease with a multifactorial pathogenesis involving dietary, environmental, and genetic factors. Previous mouse models suggested that circadian misalignment may additionally influence its development as it influences metabolism in diverse organs including the liver. Further, data from sleep questionnaires proved sleep-wake disruption in patients with MASLD. We objectively assessed sleep-wake rhythms in patients with biopsy-proven MASLD (n = 35) and healthy controls (HC, n = 16) using actigraphy 24/7 for 4 weeks. With the aim to re-align sleep rhythms a single standardized sleep hygiene education session was performed after 2 weeks. Actigraphy data revealed that MASLD patients had more awakenings per night (MASLD vs. HC 8.5 vs. 5.5, p = 0.0036), longer wakefulness after sleep onset (MASLD vs. HC 45.4 min vs. 21.3 min, p = 0.0004), and decreased sleep efficiency (MASLD vs. HC 86.5% vs. 92.8%, p = 0.0008) compared with HC despite comparable sleep duration. Patients with MASLD self-reported shorter sleep duration (MASLD vs. HC 6 h vs. 6 h 45 min, p = 0.01) and prolonged sleep latency contributing to poorer sleep quality. Standardized sleep hygiene education did not produce significant changes in sleep parameters. Our findings indicate fragmented nocturnal sleep in patients with MASLD, characterized by increased wakefulness and reduced sleep efficiency, perceived subjectively as shortened sleep duration and delayed onset. A single sleep hygiene education session did not improve sleep parameters.
Patient perspectives on the use of digital medical devices and health data for AI-driven personalised medicine in Parkinson’s Disease
Authors: Paccoud Ivana , Valero Mayca Marín , Marín Laura Carrasco , Bontridder Noémi , Ibrahim Alzhraa , Winkler Jüergen , Fomo Messaline , Sapienza Stefano , Khoury Fouad , Corvol Jean-Christophe , Fröhlich Holger , Klucken Jochen 
Published: December 2024

IntroductionParkinson’s Disease (PD) affects around 8.5 million people currently with numbers expected to rise to 12 million by 2040. PD is characterized by fluctuating motor and non-motor symptoms demanding accurate monitoring. Recent advancements in digital medical devices (DMDs) like wearables and AI offer promise in addressing these needs. However, the successful implementation of DMDs in healthcare relies on patients’ willingness to adopt and engage with these digital tools.MethodsTo understand patient perspectives in individuals with PD, a cross-sectional study was conducted as part of the EU-wide DIGIPD project across France, Spain, and Germany. Multidisciplinary teams including neurodegenerative clinics and patient organizations conducted surveys focusing on (i) sociodemographic information, (ii) use of DMDs (iii) acceptance of using health data (iv) preferences for the DMDs use. We used descriptive statistics to understand the use of DMDs and patient preferences and logistic regression models to identify predictors of willingness to use DMDs and to share health data through DMDs.ResultsIn total 333 individuals with PD participated in the study. Findings revealed a high willingness to use DMDs (90.3%) and share personal health data (97.4%,) however this differed across sociodemographic groups and was more notable among older age groups (under 65 = 17.9% vs. over 75 = 39.29%, p = 0.001) and those with higher education levels less willing to accept such use of data (university level = 78.6% vs. 21.43% with secondary level, p = 0.025). Providing instruction on the use of DMDs and receiving feedback on the results of the data collection significantly increased the willingness to use DMDs (OR = 3.57, 95% CI = 1.44–8.89) and (OR = 3.77, 95% CI = 1.01–14.12), respectively.ConclusionThe study emphasizes the importance of considering patient perspectives for the effective deployment of digital technologies, especially for older and more advanced disease-stage patients who stand to benefit the most.
Comparison of muscle synergies in walking and pedaling: the influence of rotation direction and speed
Authors: Tsuchiya Junko , Momose Kimito , Saito Hiroki , Watanabe Koji , Yamaguchi Tomofumi 
Published: December 2024

BackgroundUnderstanding the muscle synergies shared between pedaling and walking is crucial for elucidating the mechanisms of human motor control and establishing highly individualized rehabilitation strategies. This study investigated how pedaling direction and speed influence the recruitment of walking-like muscle synergies.MethodsTwelve healthy male participants pedaled at three speeds (60 RPM, 30 RPM, and 80 RPM) in two rotational directions (forward and backward). Additionally, they completed walking tasks at three different speeds (slow, comfortable, and fast). Surface electromyography (EMG) was recorded on 10 lower limb muscles during movement, and muscle synergies were extracted from each condition using non-negative matrix factorization. The similarities between the muscle synergies during walking and each pedaling condition were examined using cosine similarity.ResultsThe results confirmed that the composition of muscle synergies during pedaling varied depending on the rotational direction and speed. Furthermore, one to three muscle synergies, similar to those observed during walking, were recruited in each pedaling condition, with specific synergies dependent on direction and speed. For instance, synergy involving the quadriceps and hip extensors was predominantly observed during pedaling at 30 RPM, regardless of the direction of rotation. Meanwhile, synergy involving the hamstrings was more pronounced during forward pedaling at 60 RPM and backward pedaling at 80 RPM.ConclusionThese findings suggest that walking-like muscle synergies can be selectively recruited during pedaling, depending on the rotational direction and speed.
Fasting mimicking diet during neo-adjuvant chemotherapy in breast cancer patients: a randomized controlled trial study
Authors: Bahrami Alireza , Haghighi Shirin , Moghani Mona Malekzadeh , Khodakarim Nastaran , Hejazi Ehsan 
Published: December 2024

ObjectivePreclinical evidences suggests that while fasting can reduce the side effects and toxicity of chemotherapy, it can make cancer cells more susceptible to chemotherapy. This study aimed to examine the effects of fasting mimicking diet (FMD) during neo-adjuvant chemotherapy in breast cancer (BC) patients.MethodsForty-four newly diagnosed human epidermal growth factor receptor 2-negative (HER2-negative) patients with BC were randomized equally into two groups (22 each), to receive either a fasting mimicking diet (FMD) or their regular diet for 3 days prior to and during neoadjuvant chemotherapy. This FMD was repeated every 3 weeks for 8 cycles. Efficacy, toxicity, hematologic, metabolic, and inflammatory parameters were measured and compared.ResultsThe occurrence of grade III vomiting and neutropenia in the control group was significantly higher than the FMD group (P = &lt;0.001 and p = 0.04 respectively). Erythrocytes (p = 0.01) and neutrophils (p = 0.002) counts were significantly higher in FMD group compared to control group after cycle 8. There was a significant increase in median glucose and median insulin levels (p = 0.01 and p = 0.005, respectively) in the control group between baseline and after cycle 8. While, the median Insulin-like growth factor-1 (IGF1) (p = 0.006) and hs-CRP (p = 0.02) levels were significantly decreased in the FMD group. At the end of study (after cycle 8), the median glucose level was significantly higher in control group (p = 0.008), while the median hs-CRP level was significantly lower in FMD group (p = 0.01). The Miller and Payne pathological response 4/5 (90–100% tumor cell loss) and the radiologically complete or partial response, as measured by MRI or ultrasound before surgery occurred more frequently in FMD group compared to the controls (p = 0.01).ConclusionFasting mimicking diet was well tolerated during chemotherapy and reduced toxicity of chemotherapy and also, had beneficial effects of some metabolic parameters.Clinical Trial Registrationhttps://irct.behdasht.gov.ir/user/trial/61386/view.
The relationship between carbohydrate intake and sleep patterns
Authors: Zhao Yan , Guo Hailong 
Published: December 2024

BackgroundA healthy dietary habit may contribute to good sleep quality. The present study investigates the correlation between the quality and quantity of daily carbohydrate consumption and poor sleep patterns.MethodsThe exposures of interest included low-and high-quality carbohydrate consumption and total daily carbohydrate consumption. Subjects were classified into four different carbohydrate consumption patterns: Pattern 1 was characterized by high-quality carbohydrates below the median and low-quality carbohydrates above the median; Pattern 2 included both high-and low-quality carbohydrates below the median; Pattern 3 was defined as high-and low-quality carbohydrates above the median; Pattern 4 referred to high-quality carbohydrates above the median and low-quality carbohydrates below the median. The comprehensive sleep patterns included three different sleep behaviors: sleep duration, daytime sleepiness, and snoring, which were used to score sleep patterns. A score ranging from 0 to 1 was classified as having a healthy sleep pattern, while a score between 2 and 3 showed poor sleep patterns. Survey-weighted multivariable logistic regression analyses were adopted.ResultsIn the multivariate analysis, individuals who consumed more high-quality carbohydrates were linked to a decreased likelihood of experiencing poor sleep patterns [odds ratio (OR) 0.71; 95% confidence interval (CI) 0.62–0.81], while increased consumption of low-quality carbohydrates (OR 1.39; 95%CI 1.20–1.61) and total daily carbohydrates (OR 1.31; 95%CI 1.10–1.57) was related to an elevated risk of poor sleep patterns. Participants who adhered to carbohydrate intake pattern 4 exhibited a 36% lower risk of poor sleep patterns than those who followed carbohydrate intake pattern 1 (OR 0.64; 95%CI 0.56–0.74). There was a positive correlation between elevated added sugar consumption and an increased probability of developing poor sleep patterns. In contrast, an elevated intake of whole grains, fruits, or non-starchy vegetables was related to a decreased likelihood of experiencing poor sleep patterns.ConclusionThe increased consumption of low-quality carbohydrates may heighten the susceptibility to poor sleep patterns, whereas the increased consumption of high-quality carbohydrates may mitigate the risk of developing poor sleep patterns.
Trust in nutrition, subjective norms and urban consumers’ purchase behavior of quinoa products: explanation based on preference heterogeneity
Authors: Wang Chan , Fu Xiaoyan , Li Caixia , Liu Zengjin , Wang Shanshan , Chen Tinggui , Jia Lei 
Published: December 2024

IntroductionWith the increase of disposable income and the awakening of health consciousness of Chinese residents, higher requirements have been put forward for the nutritional value of food. To meet the market demand and promote the high-quality development of the whole quinoa industry chain, this study aimed to analyze the purchase behavior of quinoa from the aspects of nutritional trust and subjective norms.MethodsBased on 1,078 micro-survey data from 16 administrative districts in Shanghai, this paper empirically examined the influence of trust in nutrition and subjective norms on consumers’ purchase behavior and willingness to pay of quinoa products, and further investigated the moderating effect of preference heterogeneity.ResultsResults show that 38.22% of respondents have purchased quinoa products. Trust in nutrition and subjective norms can not only promote their purchasing behavior, but also improve consumers’ willingness to pay for quinoa products. The analysis of the moderating effect shows that both the purchase behavior and the willingness to pay are affected by the preference heterogeneity, and the cognitive preference will weaken the positive influence of subjective norms on the purchase behavior, while the nutritional preference of consumers can strengthen the positive influence of trust in nutrition on the willingness to pay.DiscussionTherefore, this paper suggests that strengthens research and development of products market oriented, implements certification and labeling schemes for nutrition and other properties of products, intensifies publicity and promotion of products to enhancing consumers’ awareness of healthy diet.
Adjuvant sorafenib for hepatocellular carcinoma after radiofrequency ablation versus radiofrequency ablation: analysis of its efficacy and safety
Authors: Junxiao Wang , Rui Liu , Zhenyu Wen , Zejie Sang , Xiang Yang , Mingchao Ding , Hui Xie 
Published: December 2024

ObjectivesFor the treatment of early hepatocellular carcinoma, we compared the efficacy and safety of radiofrequency ablation (RFA) alone and radiofrequency ablation combined with sorafenib (RFA+Sor).MethodsA total of 164 patients with early HCC were included in the study. There were 87 patients who underwent RFA alone, and 77 patients who underwent RFA+Sor treatment. Overall survival (OS) was the primary endpoint of the study, and recurrence-free survival (RFS) and safety were the secondary endpoints.ResultsAccording to the RFA group, the RFS rates were 74.7%, 29.9%, and 11.5% at 1, 2, and 3 years, whereas in the RFA+Sor group, the RFS rates were 72.7%, 19.5%, and 11.7% at 1, 2, and 3 years (P&gt;0.05). RFA and RFA+Sor groups had median OS of 35.0 and 41.0 months, respectively (P&gt;0.05). For the RFA and RFA+Sor groups, the median RFS was 17.0 and 16.0 months, respectively (P&gt;0.05). Based on the univariate regression analysis, there was no statistically significant difference between the subgroups (P&gt;0.05). Skin rashes only occurred in the RFA+Sor group, and other adverse effects were not significantly different between the two groups (P&gt;0.05).ConclusionsTreatment with RFA+Sor treatment did not result in a longer OS than treatment with only RFA, however, the adverse effects of adjuvant Sorafenib were acceptable.
Lung cancer incidence and mortality in trend and prediction between 2012-2030 in Shandong Province, using a Bayesian age-period-cohort model
Authors: Jiang Fan , Fu Zhentao , Chu Jie , Ren Jie , Xu Chunxiao , Xu Xiaohui , Guo Xiaolei , Lu Zilong , Xu Aiqiang 
Published: December 2024

ObjectivesLung cancer is one of the most common cancers in Shandong Province, China. Projecting future cancer trend is crucial for planning cancer control. We aimed to examine the trend of lung cancer incidence and mortality from 2012 to 2023, and predict the lung cancer burden to 2030 in Shandong.MethodsData of lung cancer incidence and mortality from 2012 to 2023 were obtained from the Shandong Cancer Registries. The average annual percentage change (AAPC) was used to quantify the trend of the lung cancer age-standardised rate using Joinpoint software. Bayesian age-period-cohort model was used to predict lung cancer incidence and mortality from 2024 to 2030.ResultsThe age-standardised incidence rate (ASIR) remained stable from 2012 to 2023. The ASIR in males decreased with an AAPC of -1.350%, while the ASIR in females increased with an AAPC of 2.429%. The age-standardised mortality rate (ASMR) decreased with an AAPC of -2.911%. This trend was also observed in males (AAPC=-2.513%), females (AAPC=-3.632%), urban areas (AAPC=-3.267%) and rural areas (AAPC=-2.603%). For our predictions, the ASIR will increase to 49.21 per 100,000 until 2030, with an AAPC of 1.873%. This upward trend is expected for females and urban areas, with an AAPC of 4.496% and 4.176%, while it is not observed for males and rural areas. The ASMR is expected to remain stable up to 2030, and this trend will maintain both in males and females. The ASMR will exhibit an upward trend (AAPC=1.100%) in urban areas and a downward trend (AAPC=-0.915%) in rural areas.ConclusionThe ASIR of lung cancer will increase until 2030, while the ASMR of lung cancer is expected to remain stable in Shandong. It is necessary to take further preventive measures such as strengthening tobacco control, enhancing health education and expanding screening efforts.
Cervical intraepithelial neoplasia and cervical cancer in Hunan Province, China, 2020-2023
Authors: Zhou Xu , Han Ting , Guo Tingting , Liu Yaqin , Li Hongyun , Yingxia Wang , Wu Yinglan 
Published: December 2024

ObjectiveTo describe the incidence and distribution of cervical intraepithelial neoplasia (CIN) and cervical cancer (CC) for rural women aged 35-64 in Hunan Province, China, 2020-2023.MethodsData were from the Hunan Provincial Cervical Cancer Screening Program in Rural Areas. Most rural women aged 35-64 in Hunan Province attend the program. All women diagnosed with CINs and CCs will be asked to register detailed information, including pelvic examination, diagnosis, age, education level, etc. CINs included low-grade squamous intraepithelial lesions (LSIL) (CIN1), high-grade squamous intraepithelial lesions (HSIL) (CIN2 and 3); CCs included adenocarcinoma in situ (AIS), early invasive cervical cancer (EICC) (stage Ia1 and Ia2) and invasive cervical cancer (ICC) (stage Ib and above). The incidence of CIN and CC is the number of cases per 1000 women. Chi-square tests (χ2) were used to examine if there were significant differences in proportions among different groups.ResultsA total of 4150700 women were included, and 67071 CINs and CCs were identified. The incidence of LSIL, HSIL, AIS, EICC and ICC were 10.63‰(95%CI: 10.53-10.73), 4.98‰(95%CI: 4.91-5.05), 0.06‰(95%CI: 0.06-0.07), 0.23‰(95%CI: 0.22-0.25), and 0.26‰(95%CI: 0.24-0.27), respectively. The proportion of previous pelvic examinations was relatively low in EICC (17.24%) and ICC (17.45%) (χ2 = 236.57, P &lt;0.01), present abnormal examination was relatively high in AIS (51.33%), EICC (49.74%) and ICC (62.45%) (χ2 = 331.15, P &lt;0.01). HPV16 was the most common high-risk type for LSIL (22.01%), HSIL (36.92%), AIS (46.01%), EICC (58.88%), and ICC (64.34%). The proportion of HSIL was relatively high in women aged 35-44 (27.03%), AIS was relatively high in women aged 45-54 (46.39%), EICC (44.24%), and ICC (48.58%) was relatively high in women aged 55-64. The proportion of ICC was relatively high in women with elementary school (38.68%), HSIL (15.10%) and AIS (17.49%) was relatively high in women with senior high school, AIS (1.52%), EICC (0.62%) and ICC (0.75%) was relatively low in women with university and above. (P &lt;0.01).ConclusionWe have described the incidence and distribution of CIN and CC among rural women aged 35-64. These findings were clinically relevant and were useful for clinical counseling and early diagnosis of CC.