bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Implementation of Intravenous Drip Infusion Therapy with Peripheral Venous Catheters and the Incidence of Related Complications in Home-Based Medical Care Settings in Japan
Authors: Nakayama Naomi , Higashiguchi Takashi , Hanada Kozue , Maniwa Akiko , Kanemoto Yukiko , Sugiura Hiroaki , Hara Yoshie , Nakayama Kentaro 
Published: July 2018

<b><i>Background/Aims:</i></b> Home-based medical care is rapidly expanding in Japanese health care settings. We aimed to clarify the implementation status of drip injection with peripheral venous catheters (PVCs) and the incidence of related complications. <b><i>Methods:</i></b> We investigated the number of patients who required intravenous drip infusion therapy at home. We also examined the incidence rate of PVC-related complications and their statistical correlation with patients’ characteristics. <b><i>Results:</i></b> Of 139 patients, 30 (21.6%) received intravenous drip infusion therapy through PVCs at home. Patients’ activities of daily living (bed-ridden) and the presence of underlying disease (terminal cancer) were significantly correlated with the requirement for drip infusion therapy (<i>p</i> &#x3c; 0.0001 and <i>p</i> &#x3c; 0.0001, respectively). A high incidence of PVC-related complications (75%: 15 out of 20 patients) was observed. More than 50% of patients experienced multiple needling due to difficulty in securing venous access. <b><i>Conclusions:</i></b> This is the first report to reveal the relatively high incidence of PVC-related complications in home-based medical care settings. Safer vascular devises should be incorporated for more stable intervention.
Sarcomeric Auto-Oscillations in Single Myofibrils From the Heart of Patients With Dilated Cardiomyopathy
Authors: Kagemoto Tatsuya , Oyama Kotaro , Yamane Mitsunori , Tsukamoto Seiichi , Kobirumaki-Shimozawa Fuyu , Li Amy , Dos Remedios Cristobal , Fukuda Norio , Ishiwata Shin’ichi 
Published: July 2018

Background:
Left ventricular wall motion is depressed in patients with dilated cardiomyopathy (DCM). However, whether or not the depressed left ventricular wall motion is caused by impairment of sarcomere dynamics remains to be fully clarified.

Methods and Results:

We analyzed the mechanical properties of single sarcomere dynamics during sarcomeric auto-oscillations (calcium spontaneous oscillatory contractions [Ca-SPOC]) that occurred at partial activation under the isometric condition in myofibrils from donor hearts and from patients with severe DCM (New York Heart Association classification III-IV). Ca-SPOC reproducibly occurred in the presence of 1 μmol/L free Ca
2+
in both nonfailing and DCM myofibrils, and sarcomeres exhibited a saw-tooth waveform along single myofibrils composed of quick lengthening and slow shortening. The period of Ca-SPOC was longer in DCM myofibrils than in nonfailing myofibrils, in association with prolonged shortening time. Lengthening time was similar in both groups. Then, we performed Tn (troponin) exchange in myofibrils with a DCM-causing homozygous mutation (K36Q) in cTnI (cardiac TnI). On exchange with the Tn complex from healthy porcine ventricles, period, shortening time, and shortening velocity in cTnI-K36Q myofibrils became similar to those in Tn-reconstituted nonfailing myofibrils. Protein kinase A abbreviated period in both Tn-reconstituted nonfailing and cTnI-K36Q myofibrils, demonstrating acceleration of cross-bridge kinetics.

Conclusions:
Sarcomere dynamics was found to be depressed under loaded conditions in DCM myofibrils because of impairment of thick-thin filament sliding. Thus, microscopic analysis of Ca-SPOC in human cardiac myofibrils is beneficial to systematically unveil the kinetic properties of single sarcomeres in various types of heart disease.
Gender- and school-level correlates of growth in health-related fitness knowledge among US high-school students
Authors: Zhu Xihe , Haegele Justin A 
Published: July 2018

Objective: Health-related fitness knowledge holds the potential for physical activity and behavioural changes. The purpose of this retrospective longitudinal study with retrospective data was (a) to examine high-school students’ health-related fitness knowledge growth through the 9th, 10th and 11th grades under one curriculum condition and (b) to examine gender- and school-level correlates of students’ health-related fitness knowledge and its rate of growth. Method: This study used existing data collected by school districts as they implemented the curriculum. Participants were students ( n = 9,883, 49.4% girls) from 40 high schools following the same curriculum. Health-related fitness knowledge performance was assessed annually for 3 years using an online platform. Potential student- and school-level correlates were collected. A three-level hierarchical linear model was used to examine student health-related fitness knowledge growth and its relation to gender- and school-level correlates. Results: The results showed that high-school student health-related fitness knowledge growth was linear during the 3-year period, with an estimated growth rate of 9.14 ± 1.40% per year under the curriculum condition. Girl students had a higher growth rate than boys, holding other factors constant. Other school-level variables were not significant predictors of health-related fitness knowledge. Conclusion: Overall, the curriculum context was conducive to student health-related knowledge growth. The different knowledge growth rate between boys and girls was a possible reason for gender discrepancy at the 11th grade.
Five years before multiple sclerosis onset: Phenotyping the prodrome
Authors: Wijnands José MA , Zhu Feng , Kingwell Elaine , Zhao Yinshan , Ekuma Okechukwu , Lu Xinya , Evans Charity , Fisk John D , Marrie Ruth Ann , Tremlett Helen 
Published: July 2018

Background: The multiple sclerosis (MS) prodrome is poorly characterized. Objective: To phenotype the MS prodrome via health care encounters. Methods: Using data from a population-based cohort study linking administrative and clinical data in four Canadian provinces, we compared physician and hospital encounters and prescriptions filled (via International Classification of Diseases chapters, physician specialty or drug classes) for MS subjects in the 5 years before the first demyelinating claim in an administrative cohort or the clinical symptom onset in an MS clinic-derived cohort, to age-, sex- and geographically matched controls. Rate ratios (RRs), 95% confidence intervals (95% CIs) and proportions were estimated. Results: The administrative and clinical cohorts included 13,951/66,940 and 3202/16,006 people with and without MS (cases/controls). Compared to controls, in the 5 years before the first demyelinating claim or symptom onset, cases had more physician and hospital encounters for the nervous (RR (range) = 2.31; 95% CI: 1.05–5.10 to 4.75; 95% CI: 3.11–7.25), sensory (RR (range) = 1.40; 95% CI: 1.34–1.46 to 2.28; 95% CI: 1.72–3.02), musculoskeletal (RR (range) = 1.19; 95% CI: 1.07–1.33 to 1.70; 95% CI: 1.57–1.85) and genito-urinary systems (RR (range) = 1.17; 95% CI: 1.05–1.30 to 1.59; 95% CI: 1.48–1.70). Cases had more psychiatrist and urologist encounters (RR (range) = 1.48; 95% CI: 1.36–1.62 to 1.80; 95% CI: 1.61–2.01), and higher proportions of musculoskeletal, genito-urinary or hormonal-related prescriptions (1.1–1.5 times higher, all p < 0.02). However, cases had fewer pregnancy-related encounters than controls (RR = 0.78; 95% CI: 0.71–0.86 to 0.88; 95% CI: 0.84–0.92). Conclusion: Phenotyping the prodrome 5 years before clinical recognition of MS is feasible.
Impact of Chronic Pain on Patients’ Quality of Life: A Comparative Mixed-Methods Study
Authors: Hadi Muhammad Abdul , McHugh Gretl A , Closs S José 
Published: July 2018

Background: Chronic pain has become a common problem within primary care and can negatively impact patients’ lives. Objective: To assess and explore the impact of chronic pain on patients’ quality of life (QoL) using quantitative and qualitative data, respectively. Methods: A convergent parallel mixed-methods design was used. Chronic pain patients were recruited from a community-based pain clinic located in the North of England. Quality of life was assessed using Short-Form 36 version 2. Quality of life data were also extracted from the Third Oxford and Lifestyles Survey and Welsh Health Survey to allow comparison of QoL of chronic pain patients with that of the general population and patients with long-term conditions. Qualitative interviews were conducted face-to-face using a semistructured topic guide. Quantitative data were analyzed using SPSS version 24 and qualitative data were analyzed thematically. Results: Seventy-nine patients participated in the quantitative phase. The mean (standard deviation) age was 46.5 (14.5). Lower back (54; 68.3%) followed by lower limb were the most common pain sites. Compared with the general population and patients with long-term conditions, chronic pain patients had significantly lower mean QoL scores across all domains of SF-36 (All P < .05). Six themes emerged from qualitative data: interference with physical functioning, interference with professional life, interference with relationships and family life, interference with social life, interference with sleep, and interference with mood. Conclusion: The multidimensional negative impact of chronic pain leads to poorer QoL among patients with chronic pain compared to the general population and patients with other long-term conditions.
Mental health problems, benefits and tackling discrimination
Authors: Galloway Alexander , Boland Billy , Williams Gareth 
Published: July 2018

SummaryPoverty is strongly associated with mental illness. Access to state benefits can be a lifeline for people with mental health problems in times of hardship and can assist them on their journey of recovery. However, benefit application processes can discriminate against those with mental illness and can result in individuals unjustly missing out on support. Clinical evidence from mental health professionals can ameliorate these challenges and ensure that people get access to financial help.Declaration of interestDr Billy Boland is on the advisory board of the Money and Mental Health Policy Institute.
An ancestral role for Semaphorin3F-Neuropilin signaling in patterning neural crest within the new vertebrate head
Authors: York Joshua R. , Yuan Tian , Lakiza Olga , McCauley David W. 
Published: July 2018

ABSTRACT
The origin of the vertebrate head is one of the great unresolved issues in vertebrate evolutionary developmental biology. Although many of the novelties in the vertebrate head and pharynx derive from the neural crest, it is still unknown how early vertebrates patterned the neural crest within the ancestral body plan they inherited from invertebrate chordates. Here, using a basal vertebrate, the sea lamprey, we show that homologs of Semaphorin3F (Sema3F) ligand and its Neuropilin (Nrp) receptors show complementary and dynamic patterns of expression that correlate with key periods of neural crest development (migration and patterning of cranial neural crest-derived structures). Using CRISPR/Cas9-mediated mutagenesis, we demonstrate that lamprey Sema3F is essential for patterning of neural crest-derived melanocytes, cranial ganglia and the head skeleton, but is not required for neural crest migration or patterning of trunk neural crest derivatives. Based on comparisons with jawed vertebrates, our results suggest that the deployment of Nrp-Sema3F signaling, along with other intercellular guidance cues, was pivotal in allowing early vertebrates to organize and pattern cranial neural crest cells into many of the hallmark structures that define the vertebrate head.
The enigmatic endosome – sorting the ins and outs of endocytic trafficking
Authors: Naslavsky Naava , Caplan Steve 
Published: July 2018

ABSTRACT
The early endosome (EE), also known as the sorting endosome (SE) is a crucial station for the sorting of cargoes, such as receptors and lipids, through the endocytic pathways. The term endosome relates to the receptacle-like nature of this organelle, to which endocytosed cargoes are funneled upon internalization from the plasma membrane. Having been delivered by the fusion of internalized vesicles with the EE or SE, cargo molecules are then sorted to a variety of endocytic pathways, including the endo-lysosomal pathway for degradation, direct or rapid recycling to the plasma membrane, and to a slower recycling pathway that involves a specialized form of endosome known as a recycling endosome (RE), often localized to the perinuclear endocytic recycling compartment (ERC). It is striking that ‘the endosome’, which plays such essential cellular roles, has managed to avoid a precise description, and its characteristics remain ambiguous and heterogeneous. Moreover, despite the rapid advances in scientific methodologies, including breakthroughs in light microscopy, overall, the endosome remains poorly defined. This Review will attempt to collate key characteristics of the different types of endosomes and provide a platform for discussion of this unique and fascinating collection of organelles. Moreover, under-developed, poorly understood and important open questions will be discussed.
Direito do Consumidor em Perspectiva Comparada: uma Abordagem Jurimétrica
Authors: Figueiredo Filho Dalson Brito , Hayashi Renato , Oliveira Paulo Fernando de Lima , Vieira José Luiz 
Published: July 2018

Este artigo analisa o sistema protecionista no âmbito do direito do consumidor em perspectiva comparada a partir de uma abordagem jurimétrica. Examinamos a legislação vigente e os mecanismos institucionais existentes na América Latina, focalizando nos seguintes países: Brasil, Argentina, Chile, Paraguai e Uruguai. O desenho de pesquisa utiliza a técnica de análise aninhada, combinando estatística descritiva com estudo de caso. Os principais resultados indicam que a maior parte dos países apresenta níveis elevados de proteção aos direitos do consumidor. Comparativamente, o ordenamento jurídico brasileiro apresenta grau máximo de proteção. Este trabalho espera contribuir para aperfeiçoar a efetividade do sistema protetivo, já que a adoção de práticas eficientes depende do conhecimento da legislação comparada. Além disso, esperamos difundir a jurimetria na pesquisa empírica em Direito.
Instrumentos Metodológicos da Análise Econômica do Direito e Eficiência das Políticas Públicas Executadas pelo Terceiro Setor
Authors: Repsold Max Brito , Tabak Benjamin Miranda 
Published: July 2018

O presente artigo tem por objetivo apontar instrumentos metodológicos da Análise Econômica do Direito que podem contribuir para a execução de políticas públicas pelo Terceiro Setor, na busca pela respectiva eficiência. A pesquisa tem como objeto a Reforma do Estado brasileiro e o modelo de administração gerencial adotado na década de 90 (século XX) em substituição ao Estado patrimonialista e à administração burocrática. A globalização é referida como um processo paralelo que indica, em seu contexto, as chaves para o desenvolvimento. Instrumentos metodológicos da Análise Econômica do Direito, relativos à eficiência, são apresentados, bem como critérios que possibilitam a avaliação dos custos e dos benefícios sociais na implementação de políticas públicas.
A Contribuição da Advocacia Pública Local para a Superação da Baixa Dimensão Institucional dos Municípios Brasileiros
Authors: Oliveira Daniel Mitidieri Fernandes de , Bolonha Carlos Alberto Pereira das Neves 
Published: July 2018

O objetivo do presente estudo é debater a importância da dimensão institucional dos entes públicos municipais no federalismo brasileiro. A promoção do município a ente federativo pelo Constituinte originário não foi acompanhada de um compromisso institucional consistente. Para minimizar essa questão, sustenta-se que a advocacia pública local pode assumir uma função central para os gestores públicos, contribuindo para um melhor incremento das políticas públicas municipais. A relevância do debate municipalista pode ser identificada no pensamento dos autores federalistas, para quem um bom governo se efetivaria não pelo plexo de competências que enfeixa, mas pela capacidade de distribuição de competências entre organizações políticas inferiores. Como unidades federativas, os Municípios demandam intensa reflexão. Isso porque não basta só entregar competências a eles, como fez o Constituinte brasileiro, é preciso também desenvolver mecanismos institucionais capazes de bem promover essas obrigações, com planejamento e alcance de resultados.
O direito à ancestralidade genética versus a prevenção ao abortamento e aos crimes contra os neonatos: análise com base no parto anônimo
Authors: Menezes Renata Oliveira Almeida , Beltrão Silvio Romero 
Published: July 2018

O parto anônimo se trata da liberalidade atribuída à gestante de garantir o seu anonimato ao dar a luz a uma criança e colocá-la para a adoção, esquivando-se de qualquer dever ou direito sobre o seu descendente, de modo imediato, sem identificação da genitora. É instituto adotado em alguns países, mas não o é no Brasil. O presente artigo destinou-se a verificar a compatibilidade do parto anônimo com o ordenamento jurídico brasileiro, a fim de avaliar se é uma solução louvável e eficaz para evitar ou diminuir os casos de abortamento e crimes contra os neonatos, já que preserva a identidade da genitora. Para tanto, utilizou-se o método de estudo qualitativo, por meio de observação, colheita e análise de dados bibliográficos e documentais; o método indutivo-dedutivo e os métodos hermenêuticos teleológico, sistemático e sociológico.
A Atividade Legislativa e a Tese de Repercussão Geral para a Proteção do Domicílio Privado
Authors: Lima José Wilson Ferreira 
Published: July 2018

O artigo desenvolve análise crítica em torno da sistematização sobre a adequada interpretação do crime de abuso de autoridade decorrente da violação de domicílio, do qual resulte prisão de pessoas e/ou apreensão de bens e objetos relacionados, em tese, com a prática de infrações penais. A abordagem coloca no centro da discussão a análise de conteúdo retórico de normas jurídicas criadas com a pretensão de garantir a satisfação plena de direitos fundamentais individuais em confronto com a política de combate à criminalidade, destacando-se o conflito de adequação e finalidade entre o PLS n. 85/2017 (Senado), o RE n. 603.616-RO (STF) e a Constituição Federal (CF). O estudo é oportuno e relevante, tendo em vista que contextualiza o atual cenário de indefinições que envolve toda a máquina política e administrativa do Estado brasileiro, quanto à tomada de decisões legislativas no âmbito da política criminal, e o descompasso entre a pretensão garantista dos direitos fundamentais, o controle da atividade policial e a nova definição do crime de abuso de autoridade, colocados como desafios da política legislativa penal.
The Early Cult at the Amyklaion: The Mycenaean Sanctuary
Authors: Demakopoulou Katie 
Published: July 2018

Το Αμύκλαιον, στον λόφο της Αγίας Κυριακης στο κέντρο της σπαρτιατικής πεδιάδας, στη δυτική όχθη του Ευρώτα, είναι μια από τις σπουδαιότερες αρχαίες λακωνικές θέσεις. Μεγάλα πήλινα τροχήλατα ανθρωπόμορφα και ζωόμορφα ειδώλια, ακέραια ή σε θραυσματα, καθώς και πολυάριθμα άλλα μικρότερα χειροποίητα, μαρτυρούν την ύπαρξη, στον χώρο του φημισμένου αρχαϊκού Ιερού του Απόλλωνος και του Υακίνθου, ενός σημαντικού Μυκηναϊκού Ιερού που χρονολογείται από την ΥΕ ΙΙΙΒ2 έως την Υπομυκηναϊκή περίοδο (τέλος 13ου -11ος αι. π.Χ.).
EFFECTS OF Q&P PROCESS PARAMETERS ON PROPERTIES OF 42SiCr STEEL
Authors: Rubešová Kateřina , Vorel Ivan , Jirková Hana , Jeníček Štěpán 
Published: July 2018

<p class="AMSmaintext"><span lang="EN-GB">The requirement for high strength and good ductility poses problems in today’s advanced steels. This problem can be tackled by appropriate heat treatment which produces suitable microstructures. By this means, ultimate strengths of about 2000 MPa and elongations of more than 10% can be obtained. One of such advanced heat treatment techniques is the Q&amp;P (Quenching and Partitioning) process. It produces a mixture of martensite and retained austenite, where the latter is an important agent in raising the ductility of steel. </span></p><p class="AMSmaintext"><span lang="EN-GB">In this experiment, a low-alloy steel with 0.41% carbon and manganese, silicon and chromium was used. An air furnace and a salt bath were employed for heat treatment and quenching, respectively. In order to obtain the best ultimate strength and elongation levels, partitioning temperatures of 250°C and 300°C were applied. Partitioning involves carbon diffusion from super-saturated martensite into retained austenite, and tempering of hardening microstructure. Effects of the quenching temperatures of 200°C and 150°C were studied as well. To map the impact of the Q&amp;P process on mechanical properties, an additional schedule with conventional quenching and tempering was carried out. Upon optimization of the parameters, the process produced martensite with a small amount of bainite and retained austenite. The ultimate strength was between 1930 and 2080 MPa and the elongation levels were from 9 to 16%.</span></p><p class="AMSmaintext"><span lang="EN-GB"> </span></p>
Dynamic shear analysis: a novel method to determine mechanical integrity of normal and torn human acetabular labra
Authors: Woods A. K. , Broomfield J. , Monk P. , Vollrath F. , Glyn-Jones S. 
Published: July 2018

ObjectivesThe aim of this study was to investigate the structural integrity of torn and non-torn human acetabular labral tissue.MethodsA total of 47 human labral specimens were obtained from a biobank. These included 22 torn specimens and 25 control specimens from patients undergoing total hip arthroplasty with macroscopically normal labra. The specimens underwent dynamic shear analysis using a rheometer to measure storage modulus, as an indicator of structural integrity.ResultsThere was a significant difference in the storage modulus between torn (mean modulus = 2144.08 Pa) and non-torn (3178.1 Pa) labra (p = 0.0001).ConclusionThe acetabular labrum of young patients with a tear has significantly reduced structural integrity compared with a non-torn labrum in older patients with end-stage osteoarthritis. This study contributes to the understanding of the biomechanics of labral tears, and the observation of reduced structural integrity in torn labra may explain why some repairs fail. Our data demonstrate that labral tears probably have a relatively narrow phenotype, presenting a basis for further investigations that will provide quantifiable data to support their classification and a means to develop a standardized surgical technique for their repair. This study also demonstrates the value of novel biomechanical testing methods in investigating pathological tissues of orthopaedic interest. Cite this article: A. K. Woods, J. Broomfield, P. Monk, F. Vollrath, S. Glyn-Jones. Dynamic shear analysis: a novel method to determine mechanical integrity of normal and torn human acetabular labra: Implications for prediction of outcome of repair. Bone Joint Res 2018;7:440–446. DOI: 10.1302/2046-3758.77.BJR-2017-0282.R2.