bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Anti‐donor antibody induction following intramuscular injections of allogeneic mesenchymal stromal cells
Authors: Alagesan Senthilkumar , Sanz‐Nogués Clara , Chen Xizhe , Creane Michael , Ritter Thomas , Ceredig Rhodri , O'Brien Timothy , Griffin Matthew D 
Published: February 2018

AbstractAllogeneic mesenchymal stromal cells (allo‐MSC) are a promising “off‐the‐shelf” therapy with anti‐inflammatory and pro‐repair properties. This study investigated humoral immune responses to intramuscular (IM) injections of allo‐MSC. Total and isotype‐specific anti‐donor IgG and donor‐specific complement‐mediated lysis were determined in sera from healthy mice 2 weeks after single or repeated IM injections of fully mismatched‐MHC allo‐MSC with comparison to mice receiving syngeneic MSC, allogeneic splenocytes or saline. In mice subjected to hind limb ischemia (HLI), anti‐donor IgG was analyzed following IM allo‐MSC injection with and without administration of the T‐cell immunosuppressant tacrolimus. Recipients of single and repeated IM allo‐MSC developed readily‐detectable anti‐donor IgG. Serum anti‐donor IgG levels were similar to those of allo‐splenocyte recipients but had higher IgG1/IgG2a ratio and variable capacity for complement‐mediated lysis of donor cells. The induced anti‐donor IgG bound readily to allo‐MSC and this binding was increased following allo‐MSC pretreatment with interferon gamma. In mice with HLI, IM injection of allo‐MSC into the ischemic limb was also associated with induction of anti‐donor IgG but this was abrogated by tacrolimus (FK‐506). The results indicate that allo‐MSC are inherently immunogenic when delivered intramuscularly to healthy and ischemic mouse hind limb, but induce an IgG1‐skewed humoral response that is suppressed by tacrolimus.
A Hitchhiker's guide to humanized mice: new pathways to studying viral infections
Authors: Skelton Jessica Katy , Ortega‐Prieto Ana Maria , Dorner Marcus 
Published: February 2018

SummaryHumanized mice are increasingly appreciated as an incredibly powerful platform for infectious disease research. The often very narrow species tropism of many viral infections, coupled with the sometimes misleading results from preclinical studies in animal models further emphasize the need for more predictive model systems based on human cells rather than surrogates. Humanized mice represent such a model and have been greatly enhanced with regards to their immune system reconstitution as well as immune functionality in the past years, resulting in their recommendation as a preclinical model by the US Food and Drug Administration. This review aims to give a detailed summary of the generation of human peripheral blood lymphocyte‐, CD34+ haematopoietic stem cell‐ and bone marrow/liver/thymus‐reconstituted mice and available improved models (e.g. myeloid‐ or T‐cell‐only mice, MISTRG, NSG‐SGM3). Additionally, we summarize human‐tropic viral infections, for which humanized mice offer a novel approach for the study of disease pathogenesis as well as future perspectives for their use in biomedical, drug and vaccine research.
Estimating the burden of influenza‐associated hospitalizations and deaths in Chile during 2012‐2014
Authors: Sotomayor Viviana , Fasce Rodrigo A. , Vergara Natalia , De la Fuente Felipe , Loayza Sergio , Palekar Rakhee 
Published: February 2018

BackgroundInfluenza is a vaccine preventable disease that causes important morbidity and mortality worldwide. Estimating the burden of influenza disease is difficult. However, there are some methods based in surveillance data and laboratory testing that can be used for this purpose.ObjectivesEstimating the burden of serious illness from influenza by means of hospitalization and death records during the period between 2012 and 2014, and using information from Severe Acute Respiratory Illness (SARI) surveillance.MethodsTo estimate the Chilean rate of influenza‐associated hospitalizations and deaths, we applied the influenza positivity of respiratory samples tested in six SARI surveillance sentinel hospitals to the hospitalizations and deaths from the records with ICD‐10 codes from influenza and pneumonia.ResultsAnnually, 5320 people are hospitalized for influenza and 447 die for this cause. The annual influenza‐associated hospitalization rate for the period was 71.5/100 000 person‐year for <5 years old, 11.8/100 000 person‐year for people between 5 and 64 years old; and 156.0/100 000 person‐year for ≥65 years. The annual mortality rate for the period was 0.08/100 000 person‐year for <5 years; 0.3/100 000 person‐year for people between 5 and 64 years; and 22.8/100 000 person‐year for ≥65 years.ConclusionsThis is the first study of influenza burden in Chile. Every year an important quantity of hospitalizations and deaths result from influenza infection. In countries in temperate zones, it is important to know the burden of influenza in order to prepare the health care network and to assess preventive intervention currently in practice and the new ones to implementing.
Threshold value of home pulse pressure predicting arterial stiffness in patients with type 2 diabetes: KAMOGAWA‐HBP study
Authors: Kitagawa Noriyuki , Ushigome Emi , Matsumoto Shinobu , Oyabu Chikako , Ushigome Hidetaka , Yokota Isao , Asano Mai , Tanaka Muhei , Yamazaki Masahiro , Fukui Michiaki 
Published: February 2018

This cross‐sectional multicenter study was designed to evaluate the threshold value of home pulse pressure (PP) and home systolic blood pressure (SBP) predicting the arterial stiffness in 876 patients with type 2 diabetes. We measured the area under the receiver‐operating characteristic curve (AUC) and estimated the ability of home PP to identify arterial stiffness using Youden‐Index defined cut‐off point. The arterial stiffness was measured using the brachial‐ankle pulse wave velocity (baPWV). AUC for arterial stiffness in morning PP was significantly greater than that in morning SBP (P < .001). AUC for arterial stiffness in evening PP was also significantly greater than that in evening SBP (P < .001). The optimal cut‐off points for morning PP and evening PP, which predicted arterial stiffness, were 54.6 and 56.9 mm Hg, respectively. Our findings indicate that we should pay more attention to increased home PP in patients with type 2 diabetes.
Serum uric acid is associated with incidence of heart failure with preserved ejection fraction and cardiovascular events in patients with arterial hypertension
Authors: Gu Jun , Fan Yu‐Qi , Zhang Hui‐Li , Zhang Jun‐Feng , Wang Chang‐Qian 
Published: February 2018

The objective of the present study was to evaluate clinical implications of serum uric acid (UA) on the progression of heart failure with preserved ejection fraction (HFpEF) in hypertensive patients. A total of 1009 adult patients with left ventricular hypertrophy and suspected left ventricular diastolic dysfunction were enrolled at our hospital from January 2008 to December 2011. With a median follow‐up of 7.2 years, 136 (13.2%) patients developed new‐onsetHFpEFand 151 (15.0%) had major adverse cardiovascular events (MACEs). Compared with the lowestUAtertile ofUA(<302 μmol L−1), subjects in the highest tertile (>367 μmol L−1) had a higher risk of developing new‐onsetHFpEF(HR: 1.761, 95%CI: 1.119‐2.772,P = .015) as well asMACEs (HR: 1.664, 95%CI: 1.086‐2.547,P = .019). Our findings indicate that hyperuricemia is associated with detrimental effects in terms of the incidence of new‐onsetHFpEFas well asMACEs in hypertensive patient.
Ordoliberalizing the Neighbourhood? The EU's Promotion of Regulatory Reforms in Egypt
Authors: Roccu Roberto 
Published: February 2018

AbstractWhile the EU has long been promoting economic reforms in neighbouring countries, scant attention has hitherto been paid to its regulatory efforts. This paper addresses this empirical gap with reference to the EU's promotion of regulatory reforms in three economic sectors in Egypt: agriculture, banking and telecoms. It finds that these reforms are significantly, if selectively, informed by ordoliberal principles and practices. Two theoretical implications of this finding are explored. On the one hand, while this substantiates the institutional isomorphism hypothesis, for which the EU tends to export its own models elsewhere, the selectivity with which this occurs demonstrates greater instrumentality than usually maintained in this literature. On the other hand, understanding ordoliberalism as a variation within the neoliberal template shaping restructuring in Egypt, this paper moves beyond binary views of regulatory co‐operation and competition and thus also enriches debates on the EU as a global regulator.
Measuring the prevalence of intradialytic hypotension in a satellite dialysis clinic: Are we too complacent?
Authors: Steinwandel Ulrich , Gibson Nick , Towell‐Barnard Mandy , Parsons Richard , Rippey James JR , Rosman Johan 
Published: February 2018

Aims and objectivesTo measure the prevalence of symptomatic (S‐IDH) and asymptomatic intradialytic hypotension (A‐IDH) or postdialysis overhydration in a satellite haemodialysis clinic in Western Australia.BackgroundIntradialytic hypotension is one of the most common side effects of haemodialysis caused by ultrafiltration provoking a temporary volume depletion. The prevalence of asymptomatic hypotension during dialysis has been rarely reported, but is considered to have the same negative consequences as symptomatic hypotension on various end organs like the brain and the gastrointestinal tract.DesignObservational study on a retrospective 3‐month period of nursing recorded fluid‐related adverse events.MethodsData collection on the occurrence of S‐IDH and A‐IDH during a total of 2,357 haemodialysis treatments in 64 patients. Body weight of patients at the time of cessation of treatment was recorded, and patients, whose weight exceeded their ideal body weight by at least 0.5 kg, were classified as overhydrated.Data analysis was performed using spss version 24 software.ResultsSymptomatic intradialytic hypotension was the most common adverse event measured in this cohort, and occurred during 221 (9.4%) of all treatments, whereas asymptomatic intradialytic hypotension occurred in 88 (3.7%) of all treatments. The total occurrence of intradialytic hypotension was 13.1%, and symptomatic was observed in 30 patients, implying that nearly every second patient had at least one symptomatic episode within 3 months. Overhydration occurred in a total of 103 (4.4%) of all treatments, and involved 17 patients.ConclusionsSymptomatic and asymptomatic intradialytic hypotension were the most commonly observed adverse events in this cohort; overhydration occurrence was considerably less common.Relevance to clinical practiceThe high occurrence of hypotension‐related events demonstrates that ultrafiltration treatment goals in satellite dialysis clinics are sometimes overestimated, resulting in regular significant symptomatic episodes for the patient. Raising the awareness of the prevalence of IDH amongst renal nurses could be an essential initial step before collectively preventative strategies in haemodialysis satellite units are implemented.
Impact of workplace violence against nurses’ thriving at work, job satisfaction and turnover intention: A cross‐sectional study
Authors: Zhao Shi‐Hong , Shi Yu , Sun Zhi‐Nan , Xie Feng‐Zhe , Wang Jing‐Hui , Zhang Shu‐E , Gou Tian‐Yu , Han Xuan‐Ye , Sun Tao , Fan Li‐Hua 
Published: February 2018

Aims and objectivesTo investigate the interrelationships between workplace violence, thriving at work and turnover intention among Chinese nurses and to explore the action mechanism among these variables.BackgroundWorkplace violence is a dangerous occupational hazard globally, and it is pervasive in the health service industry. As a corollary, workplace violence may produce many negative outcomes among nursing staff. Consequently, it hinders nurses’ professional performance and reduces nursing quality.DesignA cross‐sectional online survey was conducted.MethodsA total of 1,024 nurses from 26 cities in China were recruited from February–May 2016. An anonymous questionnaire was used in this survey. Participants’ completed data were collected using a demographics form and a 26‐item questionnaire consisting of scales addressing workplace violence, thriving at work, job satisfaction, subjective well‐being and turnover intention. To evaluate multivariate relationships, some multiple linear hierarchical regression analyses were performed.ResultsWorkplace violence significantly negatively influenced nurses’ job satisfaction and thriving at work, and significantly positively influenced nurses’ turnover intention. Job satisfaction significantly predicted thriving at work and turnover intention. Job satisfaction not only fully mediated the relationship between workplace violence and thriving at work, but also partially mediated the relationship between workplace violence and turnover intention. Subjective well‐being moderated the relationship between workplace violence and job satisfaction and the relationship between workplace violence and nurses’ turnover intention.ConclusionsAdverse effects of workplace violence were demonstrated in this study. Decreases in job satisfaction were a vital mediating factor. The moderating effect of subjective well‐being was helpful in reducing the harm of workplace violence to nurses and in decreasing their turnover intention.Relevance to clinical practiceWorkplace violence and its negative impact on nursing work should not go unnoticed by nursing managers. Nurses’ subjective well‐being is critical in controlling and mitigating the adverse effects of workplace violence.
Head position affects the direction of occlusal force during tapping movement
Authors: Nakamura K. , Minami I. , Wada J. , Ikawa Y. , Wakabayashi N. 
Published: February 2018

SummaryDespite numerous reports describing the relationship between head position and mandibular movement in human subjects, the direction and magnitude of force at the occlusal contacts have not been investigated in relation to head position. The objective was to investigate the effect of head position on the direction of occlusal force while subjects performed a tapping movement. Twenty‐three healthy adult subjects were asked to sit on a chair with their back upright and to perform 15 tapping movements in five different head positions: natural head position (control); forward; backward; and right and left rolled. The direction and magnitude of force were measured using a small triaxial force sensor. The Wilcoxon signed‐rank test and Bonferroni test were used to compare head positions in each angle of the anteroposterior axis direction and the lateral axis direction with respect to the superior axis. The force element in the anteroposterior axis shifted to the forward direction in the head position pitched backward, compared with control, pitched forward and rolled left positions (P = .02, <.01 and <.01, respectively). The force direction in the lateral axis with the head position rolled to the right or left shifted to the left and right directions, respectively, compared with those in the other positions (P < .05). Results of this study suggest that the head should be maintained in a position in which a stable tapping movement can be performed in a relaxed position without anteroposterior and lateral loading.
Genetic and Environmental Influences on Personal and Rhythmic‐Motor‐Activity Tempo in Children: A Twin Study
Authors: Suzuki Kunitake , Ando Juko 
Published: February 2018

AbstractIn this study, we investigated the degree to which genetics and environmental factors influence the tempo and tempo stability of rhythmic motor activity in young children, using a twin study design. A total of 116 twin children, aged 4 years, were asked to strike two small clash cymbals together in a cyclical manner, in three phases. In the first phase, children were asked to maintain a comfortable personal tempo of rhythmic motor activity (spontaneous motor phase). In contrast, in the other phases, children were required to synchronize rhythmic motor activity in response to the timing of a stimulus tone, or a memorized tempo. Large additive genetic, although negligible shared environmental influences, were observed in the spontaneous motor phase. However, environmental factors were estimated in the other two phases, while the additive genetic factor was nearly zero. These results indicate that the extent of genetic and environmental influences on individual differences in rhythmic motor activity can be modulated under different situations.
Comparison of physical chewing measures to consumer typed Mouth Behavior
Authors: Wilson Arran , Jeltema Melissa , Morgenstern Marco P. , Motoi Lidia , Kim Esther , Hedderley Duncan 
Published: February 2018

AbstractThe purpose of this study was to investigate the hypotheses that when presented with foods that could be chewed in different ways, (1) are participants jaw movements and chewing sequence measures correlated with Mouth Behavior (MB) group, as measured by the JBMB typing tool? (2) can MB group membership can be predicted from jaw movement and chewing sequence measures? One hundred subjects (69 female and 31 male, mean age 27 ± 7.7 years) were given four different foods (Mentos, Walkers, Cheetos Puffs, Twix) and video recordings of their jaw movements made. Twenty‐nine parameters were calculated on each chewing sequence with 27 also calculated for the first half and second half of chewing sequence. Subjects were assigned to a MB group using the JBMB typing tool which gives four MB groups (“Chewers,” “Crunchers,” “Smooshers,” and “Suckers”). The differences between individual chewing parameters and MB group were assessed with analysis of variance which showed only small differences in average chewing parameters between the MB groups. By using discriminant analysis, it was possible to partially discriminate between MB groups based on changes in their chewing parameters between foods with different material properties and stages of the chewing. A 19‐variable model correctly predicted 68% of the subjects' membership of a MB group. This partially confirms our first hypothesis that when presented with foods that could be chewed in different ways participants will use a chewing sequence and jaw movements that correlate with their MB as measured by the JBMB typing tool.Practical applicationsThe way consumers chew their food has an impact on their texture perception of that food. While there is a wide range of chewing behaviors between consumers, they can be grouped into broad categories to better target both product design and product testing by sensory panel. In this study, consumers who were grouped on their texture preference (MB group) had jaw movements, when chewing a range of foods, which partially reflected group membership. Therefore, while MB group membership could not be predicted from jaw movement measurements, there were similarities in jaw movements within the members of the groups. A better understanding of how jaw movement during chewing relates to consumer sensory perception would aid in new solid product design with controlled textural attributes.
Serological responses to revaccination against HBV in HIV‐positive patients born in the era of nationwide neonatal HBV vaccination
Authors: Huang Yi‐Chia , Hsieh Szu‐Min , Sheng Wang‐Huei , Huang Yu‐Shan , Lin Kuan‐Yin , Chen Guan‐Jhou , Yang Shang‐Ping , Liu Wen‐Chun , Su Yi‐Ching , Sun Hsin‐Yun , Hung Chien‐Ching , Chang Shan‐Chwen 
Published: February 2018

AbstractBackgroundSerological responses to revaccination against hepatitis B virus (HBV) are unclear in HIV‐positive adults who had undergone neonatal HBV vaccination and whose antibodies against HBV had waned in the era of combination antiretroviral therapy (cART).MethodsBetween 2000 and 2017, 666 HIV‐positive men who have sex with men (MSM) who were born after 1986, when nationwide neonatal HBV vaccination programme was implemented in Taiwan, were included for analyses. A serological response was defined when a hepatitis B surface antibody (anti‐HBs) titre ≥10 mIU/mL was measured 4‐24 weeks after the third dose of HBV vaccination.ResultsDuring the study period, 295 (48.7%) HIV‐positive MSM (mean age, 23.2 years) who had lost HBV seroprotection were eligible for revaccination; 171 (58.0%) received at least 1 dose (20‐μg) of HBV vaccine and 116 (39.3%) completed the 3‐dose schedule. The serological response rate to 3 doses of HBV revaccination was 74.0% and the rate of high‐titre response (anti‐HBs titre ≥100 mIU/mL) was 46.0%. The CD4 count before the first dose (per 50‐cell/μL increment, adjusted odds ratio, 1.14; 95% confidence interval, 1.01‐1.29) was positively associated with the serological response. The incident rate of HBV infection was 9.2 per 1000 person‐years of follow‐up among the patients who were non‐responders after revaccination.ConclusionsDespite HBV vaccination in the neonatal period, the serological response rate to HBV revaccination in HIV‐positive MSM was modest and could wane rapidly. Regular testing of anti‐HBs should be integrated into the HIV care despite cART containing HBV‐active agents.
Meta‐analysis and overview analysis of quantitative trait locis associated with fatty acid content in soybean for candidate gene mining
Authors: Qin Hongtao , Liu Zhangxiong , Wang Yuyang , Xu Mingyue , Mao Xinrui , Qi Huidong , Yin Zhengong , Li Yongliang , Jiang Hongwei , Hu Zhenbang , Wu Xiaoxia , Zhu Rongsheng , Liu Chunyan , Chen Qingshan , Xin Dawei , Qi Zhaoming 
Published: February 2018

AbstractAs soybean seed fatty acid content is valued in food, animal feed and some industrial applications, plant breeders continually aim to improve seed fatty acid constituent value. This study analysed 163 original quantitative trait loci (QTLs) related to soybean fatty acid content from databases and references and revealed 43 consensus QTLs. Meta‐analysis using BioMercator ver.2.1 indicated that these were located across 16 linkage groups (LGs) excluding LG D1a, LG C1, LG M and LG H. Moreover, the overview method was used to optimize these QTLs based on statistical analysis. Some valid QTL regions were narrowed down to 0.5 Mb and mapped on the same LGs as the meta‐analysis result. Furthermore, the functions of all genes located in these consensus QTL intervals were predicted and eight candidate genes were identified. KEGG pathway analysis indicated that Glyma.13G127900 and Glyma.18G232000 were involved in the fatty acid synthesis metabolic (pathway ID ko00071, ko00062, ko01040). These results lay a foundation for fine mapping of QTLs related to fatty acid content and marker‐assisted breeding in soybean.
UV‐B radiation delays flowering time through changes in the PRC2 complex activity and miR156 levels in Arabidopsis thaliana
Authors: Dotto Marcela , Gómez María Sol , Soto María Soledad , Casati Paula 
Published: February 2018

AbstractUV‐B is a high‐energy component of the solar radiation perceived by the plant and induces a number of modifications in plant growth and development, including changes in flowering time. However, the molecular mechanisms underlying these changes are largely unknown. In the present work, we demonstrate that Arabidopsis plants grown under white light supplemented with UV‐B show a delay in flowering time, and this developmental reprogramming is mediated by the UVR8 photoreceptor. Using a combination of gene expression analyses and UV‐B irradiation of different flowering mutants, we gained insight into the pathways involved in the observed flowering time delay in UV‐B‐exposed Arabidopsis plants. We provide evidence that UV‐B light downregulates the expression of MSI1 and CLF, two of the components of the polycomb repressive complex 2, which in consequence drives a decrease in H3K27me3 histone methylation of MIR156 and FLC genes. Modification in the expression of several flowering time genes as a consequence of the decrease in the polycomb repressive complex 2 activity was also determined. UV‐B exposure of flowering mutants supports the involvement of this complex in the observed delay in flowering time, mostly through the age pathway.