bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Anatomía Aplicada a La Cirugía de Los Tendones Extensores
Authors: Morro-Martí M.R. , Llusá-Pérez M. , Forcada-Calvet P. , Carrera A. , Mustafa-Gondolbeu A. 
Published: June 2019

La anatomía de los tendones extensores de los dedos es muy variable en el dorso de la mano y la formación del aparato extensor en los dedos, junto con la musculatura intrínseca de la mano, es muy compleja. Su conocimiento preciso es imprescindible para la comprensión de la fisiopatología de las lesiones de esas estructuras y su tratamiento. Además, se tratan de lesiones muy frecuentes debido a su localización subcutánea en todo su recorrido, pero especialmente en los dedos.En el dorso de la muñeca, los tendones extensores se distribuyen en seis correderas osteofibrosas muy bien delimitadas.En los dedos, los tendones extensores extrínsecos se unen con la musculatura intrínseca de la mano (músculos interóseos y lumbricales), para formar el complejo aparato extensor. Sus componentes principales son la bandeleta central encargada de la extensión IFP y las bandeletas laterales que se acaban uniendo formando en tendón terminal responsable de la extensión IFD. Además, se encuentran unas fibras de conexión en las articulaciones MCF e IFP, las bandeletas sagitales y los ligamentos retinaculares transversos respectivamente, que unen el aparato extensor a la cara anterior del dedo manteniéndolo en eje sobre la cara convexa de las articulaciones.
A comparative study of high-quality C-face and Si-face 3C-SiC(1 1 1) grown on off-oriented 4H-SiC substrates
Authors: Shi Yuchen , Jokubavicius Valdas , Höjer Pontus , Ivanov Ivan G , Yazdi G Reza , Yakimova Rositsa , Syväjärvi Mikael , Sun Jianwu 
Published: June 2019

Abstract
We present a comparative study of the C-face and Si-face of 3C-SiC(111) grown on off-oriented 4H-SiC substrates by the sublimation epitaxy. By the lateral enlargement method, we demonstrate that the high-quality bulk-like C-face 3C-SiC with thickness of ~1 mm can be grown over a large single domain without double positioning boundaries (DPBs), which are known to have a strongly negative impact on the electronic properties of the material. Moreover, the C-face sample exhibits a smoother surface with one unit cell height steps while the surface of the Si-face sample exhibits steps twice as high as on the C-face due to step-bunching. High-resolution XRD and low temperature photoluminescence measurements show that C-face 3C-SiC can reach the same high crystalline quality as the Si-face 3C-SiC. Furthermore, cross-section studies of the C- and Si-face 3C-SiC demonstrate that in both cases an initial homoepitaxial 4H-SiC layer followed by a polytype transition layer are formed prior to the formation and lateral expansion of 3C-SiC layer. However, the transition layer in the C-face sample is extending along the step-flow direction less than that on the Si-face sample, giving rise to a more fairly consistent crystalline quality 3C-SiC epilayer over the whole sample compared to the Si-face 3C-SiC where more defects appeared on the surface at the edge. This facilitates the lateral enlargement of 3C-SiC growth on hexagonal SiC substrates.
An adaptive loop gain selection for CLEAN deconvolution algorithm
Authors: Zhang Li , Xu Long , Zhang Ming , Wu Zhong-Zu 
Published: June 2019

Abstract
Radio interferometry significantly improves the resolution of observed images, and the final result also relies heavily on data recovery. The Cotton-Schwab CLEAN (CS-Clean) deconvolution approach is a widely used reconstruction algorithm in the field of radio synthesis imaging. However, parameter tuning for this algorithm has always been a difficult task. Here, its performance is improved by considering some internal characteristics of the data. From a mathematical point of view, a peak signal-to-noise-based (PSNR-based) method was introduced to optimize the step length of the steepest descent method in the recovery process. We also found that the loop gain curve in the new algorithmis a good indicator of parameter tuning. Tests show that the new algorithm can effectively solve the problem of oscillation for a large fixed loop gain and provides a more robust recovery.
Search for H i emission from superdisk candidates associated with radio galaxies
Authors: Anand Abhijeet , Roy Nirupam , Gopal-Krishna  
Published: June 2019

Abstract
Giant gaseous layers (termed “superdisks”) have been hypothesized in the past to account for the strip-like radio emission gap (or straight-edged central brightness depression) observed between twin radio lobes, in over a dozen relatively nearby powerful Fanaroff-Riley Class II radio galaxies. They could also provide a plausible alternative explanation for a range of observations. Although a number of explanations have been proposed for the origin of the superdisks, little is known about their material content. Some X-ray observations of superdisk candidates indicate the presence of hot gas, but a cool dusty medium also seems to be common. If they are entirely or partly composed of neutral gas, then it may be directly detectable and we report here a first attempt to detect/image any neutral hydrogen gas present in the superdisks that are inferred to be present in four nearby radio galaxies. We have not found a positive H i signal in any of the four sources, resulting in tight upper limits on the H i number density in the postulated superdisks, estimated directly from the central rms noise values of the final radio continuum subtracted image. The estimated ranges of the upper limit on neutral hydrogen number density and column density are 10−4-10−3 atoms per cm3 and 1019−1020 atoms per cm2, respectively. No positive H i signal is detected even after combining all the four available H i images (with inverse variance weighting). This clearly rules out an H i dominated superdisk as a viable model to explain these structures, however, the possibility of a superdisk being composed of warm/hot gas still remains open.
Development of Calculus Material Model For Special Purpose of Accounting Expertise
Authors: Mizan  , Fakriah  , Amri Mustika 
Published: June 2019

Abstract
This study aims to determine the functional relationship of calculus subject teaching material models that can encourage students’ interests, talents and learning motivation towards the achievement of accounting expertise in the Commerce Department of Politeknik Negeri Lhokseumawe (PNL). The sample of this study were 100 Accounting Study Program students from the Department of Commerce who were registered as second grade which had completed financial mathematics course. The data collection techniques in this study were using questionnaires and data analysis methods. The easiest process to understand accounting expertise is by using teaching materials of algebraic and integral differential calculus, specifically algebraic differentiation can be used anywhere especially in calculating interest. The results showed that firstly, the development of calculus teaching material models between student interest has been assumed to have a positive and significant effect on the GPA of Accounting Students, especially for the Diploma three of Accounting Study Program at the PNL. Secondly, the development of calculus teaching material model has a positive and significant effect on the student motivation of Accounting at PNL. Third, the development of calculus teaching material model for the specific purpose of accounting expertise, students’ interest and motivation are dominantly influent the GPA of the students.
Solid State Fermentation of Rice Straw Pulp with a Local Trichoderma reesei for Single Cell Protein Production: Effects of Temperature, Initial Medium pH and Fermentation Time
Authors: Novita E , Zaki M , Said S D 
Published: June 2019

Abstract
Indonesia is one among countries that produce abundant of rice straw every year generated as post-harvesting residue from paddy field all over country. This abundant amount residue is highly potential to be utilized as carbon source in producing single cell protein (SCP) in solid state fermentation system. SCP is a microbial protein that can be used as alternative protein for substitution of available conventional protein sources such as; fish meal, soy bean, and corn Stover for animal feed production. This research was conducted to evaluating the effects of initial medium pH of substrate (mixed rice straw pulp-urea), fermentation time and fermentation temperature on SCP production by Trichoderma reesei in solid state fermentation (SSF). The results showed that the highest SCP yield (19.71%) was produced at the initial medium pH of 5 and temperature of 30 °C at SSF conditions of C/N ratio 20:1 for 12 days of fermentation time.
Occupational Health and Safety in Chemical Engineering Laboratory of Politeknik Negeri Lhokseumawe
Authors: Fitriah N , Mardani  
Published: June 2019

Abstract
As well as we known each laboratory has some role and regulation conducted for occupational health and safety (OHS). OHS is a multidisciplinary concept that concentrates on the safety, health, and welfare of people engaged in work or employment and worker awareness of health and safety-related rights and responsibilities. The workers often forgot on their own security, firstly it was much found in a laboratory. Chemical engineering laboratory needs to apply occupational health and safety (OHS) to reduce some accidents like fire, toxicity and another factor it could be a hazard for the environment. Therefore, to improve about OHS, the employee will give knowledge and understanding how to applied OHS. This study seeks to examine the relationship and impact of occupational health and safety on employees’ chemical engineering laboratory in Politeknik Negeri Lhokseumawe.
Laboratory study of additional use nano silica composite and bagasse ash to improve the strength of cement drilling
Authors: Rita N , Mursyidah  , Erfando T , Herfansyah H , Ramadhan R 
Published: June 2019

Abstract
The effect of increasing cement prices and expensive additive will have an impact on the cost of cementing of oil and gas wells. So, the need for a strategy undertaken in order to minimize the cost of cementing other than that a good cement strength with additive alternative materials is necessary. Strategies are carried out by using materials that are economical and environmentally friendly in which the material is organic waste materials that have elements of silica and are pozzolanic. As for organic ingredients that are pozzolanic is bagasse ash. In addition, to reduce the level of cement pores, it is necessary to add additional additives by using nanosilica. Testing of the physical properties of cement conducted in laboratory research is by testing strength on cement with additives of bagasse ash added nanosilica into drilling cement suspension with temperature conditioning research 120°F pressure 14.7 psi and 24 hours in the water bath. The results of the research on several scenarios of the concentration of the addition of bagasse ash showed that the optimal compressive strength value obtained was 991.83 psi and the optimal shear bond strength obtained was 97,49 psi at the concentration of ash bagasse in 5% and nanosilica 0,019% in drilling cement.
Removing Escherichia Coli Bacteria in River Water using Ceramic Membrane from Mixed Clay and Fly Ash Material
Authors: Diana S , Fauzan R , Elfiana E 
Published: June 2019

Abstract
The existence of water lately is quite alarming, especially in urban areas. The increasing of river water pollution through industrial and domestic waste, herbicide / pesticide and also the contaminant left-over cause the quality of river water getting worse beyond the allowance limit of standard for clean and drinking water. The most important criteria in examining clean and drinking is the ingredient test of microbiology with Escherichia Coli (E. Coli) bacteria, which is a patogenic bacteria to human, as the indicator. This study aims to remove E.Coli bacteria in water river in Geudong, Lhokseumawe using membrane filter made of ceramic mixturing with clay and fly ash n various compositions; clay:fly ash (40%:60%), clay:fly ash (50%:50%) and clay:fly ash (60%:40%). The ceramic membrane was made with sintering method in 700°C temperature for 4 hours and the filtration test was done in varios of operating pressure; 0,25; 0,50; 0,75, 1,00 and 1,25 bar. The result of the study showed that ceramic membrane with the composition of clay:fly ash (40%:60%) was able to reject E-Coli up to 99,048% with operating pressure 0,25 bar. Using Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) test, it is known that the ceramic membrane with the composition of clay-fly ash (40%:60%) is included as microfiltration membrane with pore size 1,6 μm – 2 μm.
Dynamic Braking Application on Three Phase Induction Motor using PLC
Authors: Ir. Muhaimin M. T 
Published: June 2019

Abstract
The use of an induction motor requires the process of stopping the motor speed quickly, using mechanically and electrically generated braking torque. Dynamic braking, which is done by making a magnetic field stationary motor. This condition is carried out by injecting a DC current into the three phase induction motor stator coil after the connection of the stator coil is released from the AC supply voltage source. The advantages of dynamic braking include ease of speed regulation of three-phase induction motors and mechanical losses can be reduced. A system for reversing the direction of star-delta three phase induction motor rotation with Programmable Logic Control (PLC) as a controller. requires an exchange of rotating directions from the direction of turning right to turn left. The process of changing the direction of rotation of the motor requires dynamic braking, the braking process is carried out by injecting a DC current into the stator coil of an induction motor, which is related to PLC. By applying dynamic braking on a three phase induction motor it is obtained faster than without dynamic braking. The injection current is given to a 3-phase induction motor of 1 KW for dynamic braking of 2.2 A. The timing of the motor stops for a minimum load of 100 Watt without braking at 6.2 seconds and with braking of 4.4 seconds, for a maximum load of 600 W, without braking.
Physical routes for the synthesis of kesterite
Authors: Ratz T , Brammertz G , Caballero R , León M , Canulescu S , Schou J , Gütay L , Pareek D , Taskesen T , Kim D-H , Kang J-K , Malerba C , Redinger A , Saucedo E , Shin B , Tampo H , Timmo K , Nguyen N D , Vermang B 
Published: June 2019

Abstract
This paper provides an overview of the physical vapor technologies used to synthesize Cu2ZnSn(S,Se)4 thin films as absorber layers for photovoltaic applications. Through the years, CZT(S,Se) thin films have been fabricated using sequential stacking or co-sputtering of precursors as well as using sequential or co-evaporation of elemental sources, leading to high-efficient solar cells. In addition, pulsed laser deposition of composite targets and monograin growth by the molten salt method were developed as alternative methods for kesterite layers deposition. This review presents the growing increase of the kesterite-based solar cell efficiencies achieved over the recent years. A historical description of the main issues limiting this efficiency and of the experimental pathways designed to prevent or limit these issues is provided and discussed as well. A final section is dedicated to the description of promising process steps aiming at further improvements of solar cell efficiency, such as alkali doping and bandgap grading.
Impact and Effectiveness of State-Level Tuberculosis Interventions in California, Florida, New York, and Texas: A Model-Based Analysis
Authors: Shrestha Sourya , Cherng Sarah , Hill Andrew N , Reynolds Sue , Flood Jennifer , Barry Pennan M , Readhead Adam , Oxtoby Margaret , Lauzardo Michael , Privett Tom , Marks Suzanne M , Dowdy David W 
Published: June 2019

Abstract
The incidence of tuberculosis (TB) in the United States has stabilized, and additional interventions are needed to make progress toward TB elimination. However, the impact of such interventions depends on local demography and the heterogeneity of populations at risk. Using state-level individual-based TB transmission models calibrated to California, Florida, New York, and Texas, we modeled 2 TB interventions: 1) increased targeted testing and treatment (TTT) of high-risk populations, including people who are non–US-born, diabetic, human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-positive, homeless, or incarcerated; and 2) enhanced contact investigation (ECI) for contacts of TB patients, including higher completion of preventive therapy. For each intervention, we projected reductions in active TB incidence over 10 years (2016–2026) and numbers needed to screen and treat in order to avert 1 case. We estimated that TTT delivered to half of the non–US-born adult population could lower TB incidence by 19.8%–26.7% over a 10-year period. TTT delivered to smaller populations with higher TB risk (e.g., HIV-positive persons, homeless persons) and ECI were generally more efficient but had less overall impact on incidence. TTT targeted to smaller, highest-risk populations and ECI can be highly efficient; however, major reductions in incidence will only be achieved by also targeting larger, moderate-risk populations. Ultimately, to eliminate TB in the United States, a combination of these approaches will be necessary.
Increased planting density of Chinese milk vetch (Astragalus sinicus) weakens phosphorus uptake advantage by rapeseed (Brassica napus) in a mixed cropping system
Authors: Zhang Deshan , Li Hongbo , Fu Zishi , Cai Shumei , Xu Sixin , Zhu Haitao , Shen Jianbo 
Published: June 2019

Abstract
Neighbouring plants can affect plant growth through altering root morphological and physiological traits, but how exactly root systems respond to neighbouring plants with varied density, determining nutrient uptake and shoot growth is poorly understood. In a pot-based experiment, rapeseed was grown alone (single rapeseed), or mixed with 3, 6, or 15 Chinese milk vetch plants. As controls, monocropped Chinese milk vetch was grown at the same planting density, 3, 6, or 15 plants per pot. Root interaction between rapeseed and Chinese milk vetch facilitated phosphorus (P) uptake in rapeseed grown with 3 plants of Chinese milk vetch. As the planting density of Chinese milk vetch in mixture increased, there was a decrease in citrate concentration and acid phosphatase activity but an increase in the total root length of Chinese milk vetch per pot, resulting in decreases in rapeseed root biomass, total root length and P uptake when rapeseed was grown with 6 or 15 Chinese milk vetch plants relative to rapeseed grown with 3 plants. These results demonstrate that the enhanced nutrient utilization induced by root interaction at low planting densities was eliminated by the increased planting density of the legume species in rapeseed/Chinese milk vetch mixed cropping system, suggesting that root/rhizosphere management through optimizing legume planting density is important for improving crop productivity and nutrient-use efficiency.
Graphlet Laplacians for topology-function and topology-disease relationships
Authors: Windels Sam F L , Malod-Dognin Noël , Pržulj Nataša 
Published: June 2019

AbstractMotivationLaplacian matrices capture the global structure of networks and are widely used to study biological networks. However, the local structure of the network around a node can also capture biological information. Local wiring patterns are typically quantified by counting how often a node touches different graphlets (small, connected, induced sub-graphs). Currently available graphlet-based methods do not consider whether nodes are in the same network neighbourhood. To combine graphlet-based topological information and membership of nodes to the same network neighbourhood, we generalize the Laplacian to the Graphlet Laplacian, by considering a pair of nodes to be ‘adjacent’ if they simultaneously touch a given graphlet.ResultsWe utilize Graphlet Laplacians to generalize spectral embedding, spectral clustering and network diffusion. Applying Graphlet Laplacian-based spectral embedding, we visually demonstrate that Graphlet Laplacians capture biological functions. This result is quantified by applying Graphlet Laplacian-based spectral clustering, which uncovers clusters enriched in biological functions dependent on the underlying graphlet. We explain the complementarity of biological functions captured by different Graphlet Laplacians by showing that they capture different local topologies. Finally, diffusing pan-cancer gene mutation scores based on different Graphlet Laplacians, we find complementary sets of cancer-related genes. Hence, we demonstrate that Graphlet Laplacians capture topology-function and topology-disease relationships in biological networks.Availability and implementationhttp://www0.cs.ucl.ac.uk/staff/natasa/graphlet-laplacian/index.htmlSupplementary informationSupplementary data are available at Bioinformatics online.
GMSimpute: a generalized two-step Lasso approach to impute missing values in label-free mass spectrum analysis
Authors: Li Qian , Fisher Kate , Meng Wenjun , Fang Bin , Welsh Eric , Haura Eric B , Koomen John M , Eschrich Steven A , Fridley Brooke L , Chen Y Ann 
Published: June 2019

AbstractMotivationMissingness in label-free mass spectrometry is inherent to the technology. A computational approach to recover missing values in metabolomics and proteomics datasets is important. Most existing methods are designed under a particular assumption, either missing at random or under the detection limit. If the missing pattern deviates from the assumption, it may lead to biased results. Hence, we investigate the missing patterns in free mass spectrometry data and develop an omnibus approach GMSimpute, to allow effective imputation accommodating different missing patterns.ResultsThree proteomics datasets and one metabolomics dataset indicate missing values could be a mixture of abundance-dependent and abundance-independent missingness. We assess the performance of GMSimpute using simulated data (with a wide range of 80 missing patterns) and metabolomics data from the Cancer Genome Atlas breast cancer and clear cell renal cell carcinoma studies. Using Pearson correlation and normalized root mean square errors between the true and imputed abundance, we compare its performance to K-nearest neighbors’ type approaches, Random Forest, GSimp, a model-based method implemented in DanteR and minimum values. The results indicate GMSimpute provides higher accuracy in imputation and exhibits stable performance across different missing patterns. In addition, GMSimpute is able to identify the features in downstream differential expression analysis with high accuracy when applied to the Cancer Genome Atlas datasets.Availability and implementationGMSimpute is on CRAN: https://cran.r-project.org/web/packages/GMSimpute/index.html.Supplementary informationSupplementary data are available at Bioinformatics online.