bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
“Out on the edge of my comfort”: Trainee counsellor/psychotherapists' experiences of spirituality in therapy—A qualitative exploration
Authors: Woodhouse Rebekah , Hogan Kevin F. 
Published: September 2019

AbstractThe integration of spirituality into counselling and psychotherapy poses complex challenges. Personal spirituality, professional competency and ethical considerations may impact on trainees' experiences of integrating spirituality into therapy. This study adopted an inductive, qualitative approach to explore trainee counsellor/psychotherapists' experiences and perceptions of integrating spirituality into therapy. Six trainee counsellors and psychotherapists were recruited using purposive sampling from a professional counsellor and psychotherapist training institution in the UK. In‐depth, semi‐structured interviews were conducted, audio‐recorded and transcribed verbatim. Thematic analysis of the interviews revealed two overarching themes: spirituality provides support but needs a warning; and spirituality is relevant but undervalued. These themes encompass a wide range of trainee concerns associated with integrating spirituality into therapy. Participants reported that they felt unprepared to work therapeutically with clients' spiritual beliefs. However, the value of spirituality in providing support to both the trainee and their clients was highlighted by several participants. Some participants described integrating clients' spirituality as having a positive impact on the therapeutic relationship, but often felt threatening to the trainee. This research has implications that are important for counselling and psychotherapy training and developing enhanced consideration of client spirituality and the interpersonal environment in which therapy is delivered.
Carbon Cloth‐based Hybrid Materials as Flexible Electrochemical Supercapacitors
Authors: Mishra Amit , Shetti Nagaraj P. , Basu Soumen , Raghava Reddy Kakarla , Aminabhavi Tejraj M. 
Published: September 2019

AbstractCarbon cloths are the important materials composed of woven carbon fibres having the diameters in the range of 5–10 μm. These materials have been investigated for innumerable applications such as supercapacitors (symmetric and asymmetric), batteries, solar cells, and catalysis. They are found to be the best supports as supercapacitive materials by providing high surface area, conductivity and flexibility compared to much widely used substrate materials such as Ni foam and 1D Fe nanowires. High conductivity and surface area of carbon cloths enable ion diffusion and cause decrease in charge transfer resistance, resulting in an increase of specific capacitance of specific electrodes. Several supercapacitive metal oxides, chalcogenides, phosphides, MXenes, carbon nanotubes, graphene, and conductive polymers have been incorporated into carbon cloths to improve their energy storage activity. Further modification of carbon cloth surface via oxidation, doping and by the growth of different nanostructures is also helpful as it increases the electroactive surface area necessary for electrochemical interaction. The present review mainly focuses on the development of flexible supercapacitors using carbon cloth‐based substrate materials. Such flexible supercapacitors can be further utilized for an uninterrupted and steady power supply to wearable and portable electronic devices.
Chinese nonmedicinal herbal diet and risk of nasopharyngeal carcinoma: A population‐based case‐control study
Authors: Lin Chuyang , Cao Su‐Mei , Chang Ellen T. , Liu Zhiwei , Cai Yonglin , Zhang Zhe , Chen Guomin , Huang Qi‐Hong , Xie Shang‐Hang , Zhang Yu , Yun Jingping , Jia Wei‐Hua , Zheng Yuming , Liao Jian , Chen Yufeng , Lin Longde , Liu Qing , Ernberg Ingemar , Huang Guangwu , Zeng Yi , Zeng Yi‐Xin , Adami Hans‐Olov , Ye Weimin 
Published: September 2019

BackgroundAn association between a nonmedicinal herbal diet and nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) has often been hypothesized but never thoroughly investigated.MethodsThis study enrolled a total of 2469 patients with incident NPC and 2559 population controls from parts of Guangdong and Guangxi Provinces in southern China between 2010 and 2014. Questionnaire information was collected on the intake of traditional herbal tea and herbal soup as well as the specific herbal plants used in soups and other potentially confounding lifestyle factors. Multivariate logistic regression models were used to estimate odds ratios (ORs) with 95% confidence intervals (CIs) for the NPC risk in association with herbal tea and soup intake.ResultsEver consumption of herbal tea was not associated with NPC risk (OR, 1.03; 95% CI, 0.91‐1.17). An inverse association was observed for NPC among ever drinkers of herbal soup (OR, 0.78; 95% CI, 0.67‐0.90) but without any monotonic trend with an increasing frequency or duration of herbal soup consumption. Inverse associations with NPC risk were detected with 9 herbal plants used in herbal soup, including Ziziphus jujuba, Fructus lycii, Codonopsis pilosula, Astragalus membranaceus, Semen coicis, Smilax glabra, Phaseolus calcaratus, Morinda officinalis, and Atractylodes macrocephala (OR range, 0.31‐0.79).ConclusionsConsuming herbal soups including specific plants, but not herbal tea, was inversely associated with NPC. If replicated, these results might provide potential for NPC prevention in endemic areas.
Beer's Law‐Why Integrated Absorbance Depends Linearly on Concentration
Authors: Mayerhöfer Thomas G. , Pipa Andrei V. , Popp Jürgen 
Published: September 2019

AbstractAs derived by Max Planck in 1903 from dispersion theory, Beer's law has a fundamental limitation. The concentration dependence of absorbance can deviate from linearity, even in the absence of any interactions or instrumental nonlinearities. Integrated absorbance, not peak absorbance, depends linearly on concentration. The numerical integration of the absorbance leads to maximum deviations from linearity of less than 0.1 %. This deviation is a consequence of a sum rule that was derived from the Kramers‐Kronig relations at a time when the fundamental limitation of Beer's law was no longer mentioned in the literature. This sum rule also links concentration to (classical) oscillator strengths and thereby enables the use of dispersion analysis to determine the concentration directly from transmittance and reflectance measurements. Thus, concentration analysis of complex samples, such as layered and/or anisotropic materials, in which Beer's law cannot be applied, can be achieved using dispersion analysis.
Self‐Assembly of PEGylated Diphenylalanines into Photoluminescent Fibrillary Aggregates
Authors: Diaferia Carlo , Roviello Valentina , Morelli Giancarlo , Accardo Antonella 
Published: September 2019

AbstractDiphenylalanine (FF) represents one of the most studied self‐assembling peptides. As a consequence of non‐covalent interactions (aromatic stacking and hydrogen bonds), FF is able to generate different nanoarchitectures, proposed in the last years as innovative tools for several applications. The identification of the relationship between the chemical building block composition and the supramolecular structure of final material is the objective of intense research. Different FF analogues were synthetized and studied. At the state of art, in the high number of FF derivatives, PEGylation has not been studied yet, notwithstanding its role has been demonstrated for longer poly‐phenylalanine peptides. Herein, we describe the synthesis and the supramolecular behavior of two PEGylated‐FF derivatives, PEG2‐FF and PEG6‐FF, in which the zwitterionic FF has been derivatized at the N‐terminus with two or six ethoxylic moieties, respectively. Spectroscopic methodologies (fluorescence, circular dichroism, Fourier transform infrared) allowed the identification of their secondary structure and the calculation of the critical aggregation concentration. PEGylation of the dipeptide induces a modification of the conformational organization from nanotubes with hexagonal symmetry to β‐sheet rich fibrils. This structural organization confers photoluminescence features to the supramolecular structures.
Creation of Discrete 1D Microstructures: Directional Dissociation from the Ends of a Metastable Supramolecular Polymer
Authors: Kanzaki Chisako , Nakadozono Takuya , Numata Munenori 
Published: September 2019

AbstractOne major concern in supramolecular chemistry is how to place different intermolecular interactions in a desired position, especially at the terminal ends, of 1D structures. A solution to the problem is co‐assembly in microflow. We demonstrate that kinetic co‐assembly of two kinds of amphiphilic oligo(p‐phenylenevinylene) molecules with different amide groups result in metastable nanofibers where stronger hydrogen‐bonding interactions are regularly inserted as stabilizing wedges. It is found that decomposition of the nanofibers from the ends is suppressed at the wedges, leading to the creation of discrete 1D structures with capped ends (length dispersity Lw/Ln≤1.2), which act as a micrometer‐sized building blocks that can be used for further hierarchical assembly.
International Coherence of Pediatric Drug Labeling for Drug Safety: Comparison of Approved Labels in Korea and the United States
Authors: Song Yun‐Kyoung , Han Nayoung , Burckart Gilbert J. , Oh Jung Mi 
Published: September 2019

The objective of this study was to analyze information on pediatric use in Korean drug product labels and compare it with that in US Food and Drug Administration (FDA) labeling information. Prescription information on pediatric use contained in the commonly used drugs’ product labels approved by Korean government was compared with that approved by the FDA. Among the top 50 commonly prescribed drugs, 20 drugs were deemed to have insufficient prescribing information in Korean drug labels. Pediatric prescribing information regarding indication, approved age, formulations, and safety was insufficient in Korean drug labels compared with those in the FDA. Most important, the adverse events frequently reported in Korean children were not sufficiently presented in drug labels. In conclusion, this study highlights the urgent need for the Korean regulatory agency to encourage and accelerate research and development to increase the extent of pediatric prescribing information to be added to drug labels to promote appropriate drug prescribing for children.
The potential of zooplankton in constraining chytrid epidemics in phytoplankton hosts
Authors: Frenken Thijs , Miki Takeshi , Kagami Maiko , Van de Waal Dedmer B. , Van Donk Ellen , Rohrlack Thomas , Gsell Alena S. 
Published: September 2019

AbstractFungal diseases threaten natural and man‐made ecosystems. Chytridiomycota (chytrids) infect a wide host range, including phytoplankton species that form the basis of aquatic food webs and produce roughly half of Earth's oxygen. However, blooms of large or toxic phytoplankton form trophic bottlenecks, as they are inedible to zooplankton. Chytrids infecting inedible phytoplankton provide a trophic link to zooplankton by producing edible zoospores of high nutritional quality. By grazing chytrid zoospores, zooplankton may induce a trophic cascade, as a decreased zoospore density will reduce new infections. Conversely, fewer infections will not produce enough zoospores to sustain long‐term zooplankton growth and reproduction. This intricate balance between zoospore density necessary for zooplankton energetic demands (growth/survival), and the loss in new infections (and thus new zoospores) because of grazing was tested empirically. To this end, we exposed a cyanobacterial host (Planktothrix rubescens) infected by a chytrid (Rizophydium megarrhizum) to a grazer density gradient (the rotifer Keratella cf. cochlearis). Rotifers survived and reproduced on a zoospore diet, but the Keratella population growth was limited by the amount of zoospores provided by chytrid infections, resulting in a situation where zooplankton survived but were restricted in their ability to control disease in the cyanobacterial host. We subsequently developed and parameterized a dynamical food‐chain model using an allometric relationship for clearance rate to assess theoretically the potential of different‐sized zooplankton groups to restrict disease in phytoplankton hosts. Our model suggests that smaller‐sized zooplankton may have a high potential to reduce chytrid infections on inedible phytoplankton. Together, our results point out the complexity of three‐way interactions between hosts, parasites, and grazers and highlight that trophic cascades are not always sustainable and may depend on the grazer's energetic demand.
Heterogeneity and netting efficiency under central clearing: A stochastic network analysis
Authors: Hwang Injun , Kim Baeho 
Published: September 2019

AbstractThis paper examines the effect of heterogeneity in clearing members’ exposure management practices under central clearing. Our network model specifies the dynamics of prenetted interbank exposures to shape interdependent exposure distributions beyond normality. Employing over‐the‐counter derivatives market data from the U.S. Office of the Comptroller of the Currency, our simulation results indicate that heterogeneity in bank‐to‐bank exposure dynamics is systemically desirable, while the entire system benefits more from the central clearing in more homogeneous environments. Policymakers should incentivize individual clearing members to enhance resiliency and stability in counterparty exposure management to maximize netting efficiency under central clearing.
Toll‐like receptors and high mobility group box 1 in granulosa cells during bovine follicle maturation
Authors: Xie Yingying , Zhang Kang , Zhang Kai , Zhang Jingyan , Wang Lei , Wang Xurong , Hu Xuequan , Liang Zijing , Li Jianxi 
Published: September 2019

AbstractToll‐like receptors (TLRs) are present in the ovaries and reproductive tract of various mammals. The biological function of TLR during ovulation is one of the main contents in the research of reproductive immunology. In this study, we found that messenger RNA levels of TLR1–TLR10 in granulosa cells were different, and TLRs and high mobility group box 1 (HMGB1) in granulosa cells of large follicles were significantly higher than those of small and middle follicles. Coimmunoprecipitation results showed that HMGB1 interacts with TLR2 in granulosa cells, especially large follicles. The result of immunohistochemistry showed that TLRs and HMGB1 were present in granulosa cell layer of ovarian follicles. We also found 25 mIU/ml follicle‐stimulating hormone (FSH) significantly upregulated the expression of TLRs and HMGB1. These results suggest that TLR2/4 and HMGB1 in granulosa cells may be involved in the ovarian innate immune and ovarian follicular maturation, regulated by FSH. However, further research of the function and mechanisms of TLRs and HMGB1 in granulosa cells are needed.
Naked mole rats activate neuroprotective proteins during hypoxia
Authors: Hawkins Liam J. , Hadj‐Moussa Hanane , Nguyen Vu C. , Pamenter Matthew E. , Storey Kenneth B. 
Published: September 2019

AbstractNaked mole rats are a long‐lived animal model that age much like humans, but that can also withstand oxidative damage, cancer, neurodegenerative diseases, and severe hypoxic conditions, which is of particular interest to this study. The conditions of their underground burrows result in competition for oxygen consumption, yet despite this oxygen deprivation they emerge unscathed. To understand the mechanisms in place to facilitate neuronal preservation during hypoxia, we investigated the protein levels of well‐known cell‐stress factors. We found that under hypoxic conditions, nearly half of the proteins measured increased expression in brain, while only a few decreased. Under hypoxic conditions there appeared to be a HIF1α‐centered response, where HIF1α and its interactors carbonic anhydrase 9, CITED2, p21/CIP1, and NFκB1, among others, were upregulated. Concurrently, a hypoxia‐induced decrease of cytochrome c was consistent with decreased mitochondrial function and protection from apoptosis. The picture that emerges is one of neuroprotection, cell‐cycle arrest, and the promotion of antiapoptotic functions, all of which are consistent with conserving energy and maintaining neural integrity under low oxygen levels. These results suggest how this species may be poised to face hypoxia and contribute to its remarkable ability to deal with myriad of other damaging factors and sets the stage for future work on the neuroprotective facilitators we identified.
Yield of staging laparoscopy in gastric cancer is influenced by Laurén histologic subtype
Authors: Rawicz‐Pruszyński Karol , Mielko Jerzy , Pudło Kamil , Lisiecki Radosław , Skoczylas Tomasz , Murawa Dawid , Polkowski Wojciech Piotr 
Published: September 2019

AbstractBackgroundStaging laparoscopy (SL) with cytologic lavage is a useful staging procedure that allows tailoring the treatment of advanced gastric cancer (GC). The current study aimed to evaluate the total yield of SL in patients with various Laurén histo‐types of GC, before planned neoadjuvant chemotherapy and gastrectomy.MethodsAfter exclusion of distant metastatic disease on imaging modalities, 173 patients with primary advanced gastric adenocarcinoma who underwent SL between August 2016 and September 2018, were eligible for the analysis. Patients sex, age, Lauren histo‐type, tumor location, grade, cT, and cN were assessed in bivariate analysis. Multivariable logistic regression analysis was used to identify independent factors associated with peritoneal metastases.ResultsPeritoneal metastases, ascites, and positive cytology were found in 39 (22.5%), 17 (9.8%) and 38 (22%) patients, respectively. The total yield of the SL in the current study was 36.4%. Multivariable logistic regression analysis revealed that serosal involvement (cT4) and diffuse histo‐type were independent predictors of peritoneal metastases (OR, 15; 95% CI, 1.9–119, P = .02 and OR, 2.4; 95% CI, 1.2–4.6, P = .01, respectively).ConclusionsAlthough cT4 and diffuse tumors show the highest association with peritoneal metastases, SL is a valuable diagnostic procedure in all advanced GC patients.
An Ultracompact GRIN‐Lens‐Based Spot Size Converter using Subwavelength Grating Metamaterials
Authors: Luque‐González José Manuel , Halir Robert , Wangüemert‐Pérez Juan Gonzalo , de‐Oliva‐Rubio José , Schmid Jens H. , Cheben Pavel , Molina‐Fernández Íñigo , Ortega‐Moñux Alejandro 
Published: September 2019

AbstractGraded‐index materials offer virtually complete control over light propagation in integrated photonic chips but can be challenging to implement. Here, an anisotropic graded‐index metamaterial, synthesized with fully etched silicon subwavelength structures, is proposed. Based on this material, a spot size converter that expands the transverse electric (TE) mode field profile from a 0.5 µm wide silicon wire waveguide to a 15 µm wide waveguide within a length of only 14 µm is designed. Measured insertion losses are below 1 dB in an unprecedented 130 nm bandwidth, limited by the measurement setup, with full 3D finite‐difference time‐domain (FDTD) simulations predicting a bandwidth in excess of 300 nm. Furthermore, the device is well suited to feed fiber‐to‐chip grating couplers, while requiring a footprint ten times smaller than conventional adiabatic tapers.
Windowpane Seasonal Distribution and Survey Availability on the Southern Portion of Georges Bank, USA
Authors: Stokesbury Kevin D. E. , Calabrese Nicholas M. , Lowery Travis M. 
Published: September 2019

Abstract
The Windowpane Scophthalmus aquosus stock in Georges Bank and the Gulf of Maine is considered overfished despite the lack of a directed fishery. Windowpane stocks are assessed using an index-based method relying on the Northeast Fisheries Science Center's (NEFSC; National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration) fall trawl survey. From 2013 to 2016, the School for Marine Science and Technology (SMAST; University of Massachusetts Dartmouth) conducted a fisheries-independent trawl survey on the southern portion of Georges Bank, including part of Closed Area II. Using both the NEFSC and SMAST survey catches, we examined seasonal variations in CPUE of Windowpanes as well as their relationship with depth and temperature. Windowpane CPUE was significantly higher in the spring than in the fall and was linked with temperature changes. On the southern portion of Georges Bank, the NEFSC and SMAST surveys had similar relationships between Windowpane catch and temperature. In the spring, Windowpanes were abundant at water temperatures less than 7°C, and they moved out of the area as the temperature increased. In the fall, Windowpane CPUE was higher in warmer water temperatures and decreased as the temperature decreased. As Windowpanes moved out of the area, Fourspot Flounder Paralichthys oblongus replaced them in the habitat. This distribution pattern seems to occur across the whole stock. Our findings suggest that environmental factors can affect the CPUE indices from surveys that are assumed to be consistent, and this should be considered in future assessments.
Sexual dimorphic expression and release of transcription factors in bovine embryos exposed to oxidative stress
Authors: Taqi Mohamed O. , Saeed‐Zidane Mohammed , Gebremedhn Samuel , Salilew‐Wondim Dessie , Khdrawy Omar , Rings Franca , Neuhoff Christiane , Hoelker Michael , Schellander Karl , Tesfaye Dawit 
Published: September 2019

AbstractSexually dimorphic differences in genome activity, which is orchestrated by transcription factors (TFs), could explain the differential response of male and female embryos to environmental stressors. To proof this hypothesis, the expression of cellular and extracellular TFs was investigated in male and female bovine embryos in vitro cultured either under low (5%) or high (20%) oxygen levels. The intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS), total cell number, expression of nuclear factor (erythroid‐derived 2) factor 2 (NFE2L2), Krüppel‐like factor 4 (KLF4), notch receptor 1 (NOTCH1), E2F transcription factor 1 (E2F1), and SREBF2 along with extracellular vesicles (EVs) biogenesis genes were assessed at the blastocyst stage and their released EVs. Low blastocyst rate in both sexes due to oxidative stress (OS) was accompanied by increased ROS accumulation and reduced cell number in female embryos. The messenger RNA and protein levels of NFE2L2, as well as KLF4 expression, were higher in male embryos exposed to OS compared with female embryos. However, the expression of NOTCH1 and E2F1 was higher in female embryos cultured in high oxygen level. Male embryos exposed to OS released more EVs enriched with NFE2L2, superoxide dismutase 1, and NOTCH1 accompanied by elevated expression of EVs biogenesis genes. Accordingly, differential expression of TFs and their release into spent media could partially explain the sexual dimorphic response of bovine embryos to environmental stresses.