bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Lead-lag series and staged parallel operational strategies improve the performance and cost-effectiveness of bonechar for control of fluoride in groundwater
Authors: Kearns J. , Krupp A. , Diek E. , Mitchell S. , Dossi S. , Hartman S. 
Published: October 2018

Abstract
Affordable, locally managed, decentralized treatment technologies are needed to protect health in resource-poor regions where communities consume groundwater containing elevated levels of fluoride (F). Bonechar is a promising low-cost sorbent for F that can be produced using local materials and simple pyrolysis technology. However, the sorption capacity of bonechar is low relative to the quantities of F that must be removed to meet health criteria (typically several mg/L), especially at pH typical of groundwaters containing high levels of geogenic F. This necessitates large bonechar contactors and/or frequent sorbent replacement, which could be prohibitively costly in materials and labor. One strategy for improving the feasibility of bonechar water treatment is to utilize lead-lag series or staged parallel configurations of two or more contactors. This study used column testing to quantify potential benefits to bonechar use rate, replacement frequency, and long-run average F concentration in treated water of lead-lag series and staged parallel operational modes compared with single contactor mode. Lead-lag series operation exhibited the largest reduction in bonechar use rate (46% reduction over single contactor mode compared with 29% reduction for staged parallel) and lowest long-run average F levels when treating central Mexican groundwater at pH 8.2 containing 8.5 mg/L F.
Challenges for modern wine production in dry areas: dedicated indicators to preview wastewater flows
Authors: Oliveira M. , Costa J. M. , Fragoso R. , Duarte E. 
Published: October 2018

Abstract
Wine production is an important socio-economic activity in Mediterranean countries. This study is focused on wine production under warm and dry climate conditions in south Portugal, in two major wine-producing regions (Tejo and Alentejo), characterized by small to medium sized wineries. Vineyards have been expanding in this region of Portugal, where about 50–70% of the vineyards are irrigated, increasing regional water demand. The aim of this study is to propose an integrative approach for wine production, where a simple calculation model has been developed and validated to preview water consumption and wastewater production, as functions of winemaking periods and type of processed grapes. Results revealed a global ratio of 2.2 ± 0.45 and 2.1 ± 0.17 Lwater/Lwine. Concerning dedicated indicators, 60–75% of the wastewater was produced during Period I and the red wine production represented a 50–64% increase in water consumption. This tool will enable winemakers to calculate Global and Dedicated Indicators, based on their own parameters, which provide information on flow volumes and peak flows. In this context, it will be possible to identify improvements for wastewater treatment and management towards water reuse as a promising solution for the wine sector in the framework of the circular economy.
Effect of ABCB1 Genotypes on the Pharmacokinetics and Clinical Outcomes of New Oral Anticoagulants: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis
Authors: Xie Qiufen , Xiang Qian , Mu Guangyan , Ma Lingyue , Chen Shuqing , Zhou Shuang , Hu Kun , Zhang Zhuo , Cui Yimin , Jiang Jie 
Published: October 2018

Background:
New Oral Anticoagulants (NOACs) are effective and widely used to prevent and treat
thromboembolic diseases, but the response to NOACs differs according to ABCB1 genotypes.

Objective:
We investigated the effects of ABCB1 genotypes on the pharmacokinetics and clinical outcomes of
NOACs.

Methods:
We searched PubMed, Embase, and the Cochrane Library for studies on ABCB1 genotypes published
from the inception of these databases until May 23, 2018. The Weighted Mean Difference (WMD) and Odds
Ratio (OR) with 95% Confidence Interval (CI) were calculated for continuous and dichotomous data, respectively.
Summary results were calculated using a random effects model.

Results:
Ten studies involving 2609 individuals were included in the systematic review, and three studies involving
535 individuals were included in the meta-analysis. Overall, four ABCB1 single-nucleotide polymorphisms
were identified in the review. Carriers of the ABCB1 rs1045642 CC genotype had lower maximum plasma concentration
(Cmax) than those of TT (WMD = −16.99 ng/mL; 95% CI = −33.39 to −0.59; P = 0.04), and carriers of
the rs2032582 GG genotype showed lower Cmax than those of the A/T allele (WMD = −19.21 ng/mL; 95% CI =
−36.62 to −1.80; P = 0.03). Carriers of the rs1045642 CC genotype showed lower area under the curve from time
0 to infinity (AUC0–∞) than those of the T allele (WMD = −78.58 ng·h/mL; 95% CI = −151.14 to −6.01; P =
0.03). ABCB1 rs4148738 genotypes did not affect the risks of ischemic stroke or systemic embolism (OR =
0.88), ischemic events (OR = 0.98), bleeding (OR = 0.94), major bleeding (OR = 1.14), or minor bleeding (OR =
0.94) in patients treated with dabigatran.

Conclusion:
Cmax was lower in carriers of ABCB1 rs1045642 CC than in those of TT and in carriers of rs2032582
GG than in those of the A/T allele, and AUC0–∞ was lower in carriers of rs1045642 CC than in those of TT. Conversely,
ABCB1 rs4148738 genotypes did not affect primary clinical endpoints in dabigatran-administered patients.
Future studies should analyze the relationships of ABCB1 genotypes with the pharmacokinetics and clinical
outcomes of specific NOACs.
Survey of Machine Learning Techniques for Prediction of the Isoform Specificity of Cytochrome P450 Substrates
Authors: Xiong Yi , Qiao Yanhua , Kihara Daisuke , Zhang Hui-Yuan , Zhu Xiaolei , Wei Dong-Qing 
Published: October 2018

Background:Determination or prediction of the Absorption, Distribution, Metabolism, and Excretion (ADME) properties of drug candidates and drug-induced toxicity plays crucial roles in drug discovery and development. Metabolism is one of the most complicated pharmacokinetic properties to be understood and predicted. However, experimental determination of the substrate binding, selectivity, sites and rates of metabolism is time- and recourse- consuming. In the phase I metabolism of foreign compounds (i.e., most of drugs), cytochrome P450 enzymes play a key role. To help develop drugs with proper ADME properties, computational models are highly desired to predict the ADME properties of drug candidates, particularly for drugs binding to cytochrome P450.Objective:This narrative review aims to briefly summarize machine learning techniques used in the prediction of the cytochrome P450 isoform specificity of drug candidates.Results:Both single-label and multi-label classification methods have demonstrated good performance on modelling and prediction of the isoform specificity of substrates based on their quantitative descriptors.Conclusion:This review provides a guide for researchers to develop machine learning-based methods to predict the cytochrome P450 isoform specificity of drug candidates.
Effects of Gut Microbiota on Drug Metabolism and Guidance for Rational Drug Use Under Hypoxic Conditions at High Altitudes
Authors: Zhang Juanhong , Zhang Junmin , Wang Rong , Jia Zhengping 
Published: October 2018

Background:
Modern features of drug development such as low permeability, low solubility, and improved
release affect the interplay of the gut microbiota and drug metabolism. In recent years, studies have established
the impact of plateau hypoxia on gut microbiota, where drug use by plateau populations is affected by hypoxia-
induced changes in intestinal microflora-mediated drug metabolism.

Methods:
In this review, we summarized the effects of gut microbiota on drug metabolism, and of plateau hypoxia
on the intestinal flora, with the aim of providing guidance for the rational use of drugs in high-altitude populations.

Results:
The evidence clearly shows that alterations in gut microbiota can affect pro-drug activation, drug inactivation,
and the biotransformation of xenobiotics. Additionally, plateau hypoxia alters drug metabolism by affecting
intestinal flora.

Conclusion:
This review provides an overview of the effects of gut microbiota on drug metabolism and provides
guidance for rational drug use under hypoxic conditions at high altitudes.
Gender Differences in the Antioxidant Response to Oxidative Stress in Experimental Brain Tumors
Authors: Ramírez-Expósito María Jesús , Mayas María Dolores , Carrera-González María Pilar , Martínez-Martos José Manuel 
Published: October 2018

Background:Brain tumorigenesis is related to oxidative stress and a decreased response of antioxidant defense systems. As it is well known that gender differences exist in the incidence and survival rates of brain tumors, it is important to recognize and understand the ways in which their biology can differ.Objective:To analyze gender differences in redox status in animals with chemically-induced brain tumors.Methods:Oxidative stress parameters, non-enzyme and enzyme antioxidant defense systems are assayed in animals with brain tumors induced by transplacental N-ethyl-N-nitrosourea (ENU) administration. Both tissue and plasma were analyzed to know if key changes in redox imbalance involved in brain tumor development were reflected systemically and could be used as biomarkers of the disease.Results:Several oxidative stress parameters were modified in tumor tissue of male and female animals, changes that were not reflected at plasma level. Regarding antioxidant defense system, only glutathione (GSH) levels were decreased in both brain tumor tissue and plasma. Superoxide dismutase (SOD) and catalase (CAT) activities were decreased in brain tumor tissue of male and female animals, but plasma levels were only altered in male animals. However, different protein and mRNA expression patterns were found for both enzymes. On the contrary, glutathione peroxidase (GPx) activity showed increased levels in brain tumor tissue without gender differences, being protein and gene expression also increased in both males and female animals. However, these changes in GPx were not reflected at plasma level.Conclusion:We conclude that brain tumorigenesis was related to oxidative stress and changes in brain enzyme and non-enzyme antioxidant defense systems with gender differences, whereas plasma did not reflect the main redox changes that occur at the brain level.
Virtual Screening Meets Deep Learning
Authors: Pérez-Sianes Javier , Pérez-Sánchez Horacio , Díaz Fernando 
Published: October 2018

Background:
Automated compound testing is currently the de facto standard method for drug
screening, but it has not brought the great increase in the number of new drugs that was expected. Computer-
aided compounds search, known as Virtual Screening, has shown the benefits to this field as a complement
or even alternative to the robotic drug discovery. There are different methods and approaches to
address this problem and most of them are often included in one of the main screening strategies. Machine
learning, however, has established itself as a virtual screening methodology in its own right and it may
grow in popularity with the new trends on artificial intelligence.

Objective:
This paper will attempt to provide a comprehensive and structured review that collects the most
important proposals made so far in this area of research. Particular attention is given to some recent developments
carried out in the machine learning field: the deep learning approach, which is pointed out as a
future key player in the virtual screening landscape.
Pengaruh Model Pembelajaran Cooperative Tipe Group Investigation Berbantuan Media Gambar Terhadap Prestasi Belajar Siswa-Siswi Kelas VIII SMP Negeri 3 Soe
Authors: Takaeb Matheos J , Mone Ferdinandus 
Published: October 2018

Proses pembelajaran di SMP Negeri 3 Soe, masih menerapkan pembelajaran yang bersifat teacher center, serta kurangnya fasilitas belajar IPA. Hasil 75% siswa belum mencapai KKM (kriteria ketuntasan minimum), maka dari itu dilakukan penelitian tentang pengaruh model pembelajaran Group Investigation (GI) berbantuan media gambar terhadap prestasi belajar siswa. Penelitian ini mengambil sampel kelas VIII1 sebagai kelas kontrol, dan kelas VIII2 sebagai kelas eksperimen. Sebelum diberikan model GI pada kelas eksperimen dilakukan uji kesamaan rata-rata untuk mengetahui kemampuan awal kedua sampel tersebut. Hasil kesamaan uji rata-rata berdasarkan analisis SPSS, menggunakan independen sample t-test menunjukan nilai signifikan 0,45>0.05 dan uji homogenitas menunjukan bahwa 0,847>0.05 yang berarti sebaran data antara dua kelompok sampel sama secara statistik. Dengan demikian, kedua kelas tersebut dapat dilaksanakan penelitian dengan penerapan model GI pada kelas eksperimen. Teknik analisis data yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah one sample t-test untuk mengetahui ketuntasan belajar siswa. Independen sample t-test untuk mengetahui rata-rata prestasi siswa pada kelas eksperimen apabila dibandingkan kelas kontrol. Paired sample t-test untuk mengetahui peningkatan prestasi belajar siswa setelah diberikan model GI. Uji regresi untuk mengetahui pengaruh model GI terhadap peningkatan prestasi belajar siswa. Hasil penelitian menunjukan bahwa hasil uji ketuntasan menunjukan nilai t-hitung 14.877> t tabel 1.76131. diketahui juga, bahwa uji ketuntasan individual menunjukan nilai sig 0.000<0.005 sehingga hipotesis diterima. Artinya rata-rata prestasi siswa melampaui KKM yang ditetapkan yaitu 70. Hasil uji peningkatan rata-rata prestasi kelas eksperimen menunjukan Nilai sig < 0,05 sehingga ada perbedaan antara kelas control dan kelas eksperimen yakni (52,58) dan sesudah perlakuan (86,55).
Development and Implementation of Tennessee Nonresidential Buprenorphine Treatment Guidelines
Authors: Schlesinger Erica , Geminn Wesley , Hohmeier Kenneth C , Burley Jr. Howard L 
Published: October 2018

Objective: To describe the recent legislation in Tennessee and subsequent development and implementation of state-wide buprenorphine treatment guidelines.
Practice Innovation: In 2016, Tennessee began licensing office-based opioid treatment (OBOT) clinics. Due to initial licensing criteria, not all providers were required to be licensed with the Department of Mental Health and Substance Abuse Services (TDMHSAS). The gap in licensing made it difficult to ensure an appropriate standard of care was being met by all addiction treatment providers. Therefore, the state developed legislation that allowed for the creation of best practice guidelines to encompass all providers of buprenorphine in the state of Tennessee, not just the licensed OBOT clinics. The guidelines define what the standard of care should entail while treating this vulnerable addiction population.
Results: Tennessee legislation granted the formation of a committee to create the Tennessee Nonresidential Buprenorphine Treatment Guidelines. The committee was comprised of physicians, pharmacists, lawyers, law enforcement, and state officials. The finalized guidelines were published and effective January 1, 2018, and adopted as policy by the boards of medical examiners, osteopathic examination, and pharmacy shortly thereafter. The guidelines are now enforceable by the boards and give them the ability to discipline physicians who practice outside the standard of care.
Conclusion: Tennessee legislation provides a model for other states to take action in combating this opioid crisis by not only increasing access to addiction treatment, but increasing access to quality care.

Article Type: Commentary
Contested Sonic Space: Settler Territoriality and Sonographic Visualization at Celilo Falls
Authors: Wesner Ashton Bree 
Published: October 2018

In this article, I argue that “seeing with sound" is a fraught political process with the potential to both obfuscate and assist Indigenous claims to land. I do so by analyzing the Portland District U.S. Army Corps of Engineers’ 2007 sonar images of Celilo Falls on the Columbia River. I take up feminist materialist analytics developed by Native American and Indigenous Studies scholarship on cartography and refusal, and place them in conversation with the sonic geographies of Columbia River Indigenous writers. Namely, I use Elizabeth Woody’s poem Waterways Endeavor to Translate Silence from Currents (1994) to investigate how overlapping and conflicting deployments of sonic imaging play a major cultural, political, and material role in the (re)mapping of Celilo Falls. First, I present a theoretical framework that considers the role of what I call sonic knowledges in unsettling colonial visual cartographies. I use archival Army Corps’ maps and critical sonar studies literature to show how the Army Crops’ 2007 riverbed sonograms emerge from a longer context of US settler practices of enclosing land with maps and surveying water with sound. I then turn to a close reading of newspaper articles and state legislation to analyze how the sonograms take on a present political life in ways that repackage ocularcentrism and assuage settler guilt, thus authorizing ongoing US enclosure of Indigenous lands. Yet, I also bring to bear Indigenous sonic knowledges that position imaging processes as potentially antithetical to addressing questions of access to land and self-determination. Through examining newspaper interviews, public testimonies, and Elizabeth Woody’s poem, I elucidate deployments of sonic knowledge that can help us think about what anti-colonial (re)mapping practices demand of contemporary cartographic imaging processes. Attending to sonic knowledges under conditions of settler-ocularcentrism, I suggest, might assist anti-colonial feminist science studies engagements with processes of imag(in)ing Indigenous space.
Meningkatkan Prestasi Belajar Matematika Melalui Pembelajaran Student Team dengan Materi Peluang Siswa Kelas IX A MTsN 9 Ngawi Tahun Pelajaran 2017/2018
Authors: Mujiono Mujiono 
Published: October 2018

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk (1) Mendeskripsikan model pembelajaran student team dalam meningkatan pretasi belajar matematika pada materi peluang pada siswa kelas XI A MTsN 9 Ngawi semester genap tahun pelajaran 2017/2018.; dan (2) Mendesripsikan upaya guru dalam meningkatkan prestasi belajar matematika pada materi peluang siswa kelas XI A MTs Negeri 9 Ngawi semester genap tahun pelajaran 2017/2018.Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian tindakan kelas (action research) karena penelitian dilakukan untuk memecahkan masalah pembelajaran di kelas. Subjek penelitian adalah siswa kelas XI-A MTsN 9 Ngawi. Prosedur penelitian dengan melakukan perencanaan, tindakan, observasi, dan refleksi.Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa model pembelajaran tuntas memiliki dampak positif dalam meningkatkan prestasi belajar peserta didik. Hal ini dapat dilihat dari pemahaman peserta didik terhadap model pembelajaran student team dalam materi peluang, yang menunjukkan pada siklus I adalah 21.87%, pada siklus II meningkat 81.25%. Pada siklus ke II inilah ketuntasan belajar peserta didik telah tercapai. (1) Melalui model pembelajaran student team dapat meningkatkan prestasi belajar matematika pada materi pembelajaran peluang di kelas IX-A MTsN 9 Ngawi semester genap tahun pelajaran2017/2018. (2) Upaya dalam meningkatkan prestasi belajar matematika pada materi peluang melalui model pembelajaran student team di kelas XI-A MTsN 9 Ngawi semester genap tahun pelajaran 2017/2018, guru melaksanakan langkah-langkah model pembelajaran secara sistematis.
Entomological Investigation of Aedes aegypti In Neighborhoods With Confirmed Human Arbovirus Infection In Puerto Rico
Authors: Felix Gilberto E. , Barrera Roberto , Vazquez Jesus , Ryff Kyle R. , Munoz-Jordan Jorge L. , Matias Katia Y. , Hemme Ryan R. 
Published: October 2018

ABSTRACT
The exotic arboviruses chikungunya (CHIKV) and Zika (ZIKV) recently caused large outbreaks and continue to circulate in Puerto Rico, prompting entomological investigations at 9 locations with confirmed CHIKV- or ZIKV-infected human cases. Adult mosquitoes were collected using the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention autocidal gravid ovitraps over a 14-day period at each site. Mean female Aedes aegypti captured per trap-week ranged from 13.47 per trap-week to 1.27 per trap-week. Arbovirus-positive pools were detected at 7 of the 9 sampling sites. We investigated vertical transmission by collecting Ae. aegypti eggs in a single location where ZIKV was found in adult mosquitoes. We discuss the relationship between vector density and infection rates and its implications for determining mosquito density thresholds of novel invasive arboviruses such as CHIKV and ZIKV.
Influence of Climatic Factors On Psorophora (Janthinosoma) Albigenu In Pantanal Landscape, Mato Grosso State, Brazil
Authors: Alencar Jeronimo , Pacheco Juliana Barreto , dos Santos Silva Júlia , Silva Shayenne Olsson Freitas , Guimarães Anthony Érico 
Published: October 2018

ABSTRACT
In order to assess the influence of climatic variations in temperature, relative humidity, and rainfall upon the population density of Psorophora albigenu (Peryassú, 1908) in its natural habitat, samplings were carried out at different times of the year in Mato Grosso, Brazil. Mosquitoes were captured with the use of suction tubes and Shannon traps during 2 different periods of the day and 1 at night. A total of 2,637 Ps. albigenu specimens were captured, including 497 (18.8%) in March 2009, 1,240 (47.0%) in January 2010, and 484 (18.4%) in January 2011. These months represented 84.2% of this species occurrence during the collection period. November was the month of the lowest occurrence of the species, with only 10 (0.4%) specimens collected in 2009 and 8 (0.3%) specimens in 2010. The climatological variable that presented a linear correlation coefficient within the 95% confidence interval was rainfall, with a linear correlation indicator of 0.793, above the relevance factor of 0.708, showing a relationship between the frequency of Ps. albigenu and rainfall of the region.
Российская редкоземельная промышленность: следует ли перенять опыт Китая?
Authors: Крюков Я. В. , Самсонов Н. Ю. , Яценко В. А. 
Published: October 2018

<span>Важнейшая черта политики Китая при развитии национальной редкоземельной промышленности состоит в создании производственных цепочек «от сырья к высокотехнологичному изделию» в рамках ориентации исключительно на внутренний спрос. Перед Россией в настоящее время стоит проблема выбора пути развития редкоземельной промышленности, и потому опыт Китая, который за последние 30 лет накопил значительные компетенции в этой области, представляет несомненный интерес. В особенности это актуально в контексте начала освоения Томторского ниобий-редкоземельного месторождения. Однако, по мнению авторов, российский подход должен отличаться гибкостью и сочетать различные инструменты промышленной и торговой политики. Представляется, что внедрить в России используемые в Китае инструменты такой политики было бы затруднительно из-за национальной специфики и различных стартовых условий построения редкоземельной отрасли. Акцент должен делаться на вхождение в глобальные цепочки производства высокотехнологичной продукции, первым значимым шагом к которому должно стать стимулирование внутреннего спроса на высокотехнологичные изделия и их компоненты. И в этой части опыт Китая мог бы быть полезен.</span>