bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Reforma systemu pieczy zastępczej. Założenia, rzeczywistość, perspektywy
Authors: Chudnicki Andrzej 
Published: March 2019

<p>Celem artykułu jest przedstawienie zmian, które zaszły w XXI wieku w polskim systemie instytucjonalnej opieki nad dzieckiem. Omówione w kontekście ogólnoświatowych tendencji w zakresie przejścia od opieki instytucjonalnej do opieki świadczonej na poziomie lokalnych społeczności. Wskazane zostały skutki dotychczasowych rozwiązań prawnych i organizacyjnych. Jako przyczynę niezmniejszającego się zapotrzebowania na opiekę instytucjonalną wskazano brak skutecznych rozwiązań w zakresie polityki społecznej, powodujący wzrost liczby małoletnich pod opieką sądów. Zaproponowana została również inna niż dotychczasowa organizacja instytucjonalnej pieczy zastępczej, uwzględniająca przede wszystkim potrzeby dzieci.</p>
Optimum rotation for harvesting of cajuput leave at KPH Yogyakarta
Authors: Mulyana Budi , Siallagan Sri Wahyuni Sarah , Yuwono Teguh , Purwanto Ris Hadi 
Published: March 2019

The productivity of cajuput plantation has improved through tree breeding, while manipulation of site and management engineering of timber plantations have been less attention. Management engineering can be obtained by determining the optimum cycle of cajuput leaves harvesting. This study aims to determine the optimum cycling of cajuput leaves harvesting at KPH Yogyakarta by considering the biological cycles of cajuput leaves, chemical physical properties, and the yield of cajuput oil. The tools used in the research were digital scales, distillation devices, and testing tools of physical-chemical properties of cajuput oil. The material for research was the cajuput plants at KPH Yogyakarta. Data of cajuput leave-twig biomass were obtained for 9 months from 9 plots which were well distributed on various ages. Biological cycle analysis uses curent monthly increment (CMI) and mean monthly increment (MMI) intersection approach. Analysis of the physical-chemical properties on cajuput oil refers to SNI 3954:2014 on cajuput oil. The results showed that the biological cycles of cajuput leaves were obtained 5 months after leaves harvesting. The chemical physical properties of cajuput oil that meet the requirements of SNI were achieved after the leaves are 7 months after harvested. The yield of cajuput oil which is above 0.7% was obtained after the leaves are 8 months after harvested. Thus, the optimum cycle for harvesting of cajuput leaves in KPH Yogyakarta is after 8 months.
武义县石硖水库工程面板堆石坝挤压边墙施工
Authors: 孝明 沈 
Published: March 2019

<span> </span><span>武义县石硖水库工程，混凝土面板堆石坝在</span><span lang="EN-ZA">2A</span><span>区垫层料与混凝土面板间引进了挤压混凝土边墙，作为混凝土面板浇筑前的上游坡面，简化了施工工序，加快了面板堆石坝的施工进度，提高了填筑质量，具有较强的推广价值</span>
Transparencia (judicial) = Judicial Transparency
Authors: Coteño Muñoz Alejandro 
Published: March 2019

Resumen: La transparencia judicial representa una de las más importantes demandas de la ciudadanía a la Justicia. Tanto desde las instituciones como desde la Jurisprudencia y la Doctrina se ha afirmado repetidas veces la importancia de esta transparencia, sin embargo, hasta el momento, no se ha realizado un estudio profundo y sistemático de la misma. Es por ello que este texto trata de ahondar en el concepto de “transparencia judicial” y fijar los términos para futuros estudios y reformas. Así, por una parte, se analiza la publicidad activa −la publicación de información− y, por otra parte, la publicidad pasiva −el derecho de acceso a la información−, todo ello diferenciando si se trata de información relativa al Consejo General del Poder Judicial (en adelante, CGPJ) o de información judicial en sentido estricto. Para concluir, se aportan unas conclusiones que defienden la necesidad de reformas que ensanchen la transparencia judicial a fin de no dejarla en simples palabras.Palabras clave: Publicidad activa, publicidad pasiva, derecho de acceso, interesado, rendición de cuentas.Abstract: Judicial transparency represents one of the most important demands from the citizenship to Justice. From the institutions, as well as from Jurisprudence and Doctrine, the importance of this transparency has been repeatedly declared, however, until now, a deep and systematic study of it has not been carried out. That is why this text tries to delve into the concept of “judicial transparency” and set the terms for future studies and reforms. Thus, on the one hand, active transparency is analyzed −the publishing of information− and, on the other hand, passive transparency −the right of access to information−, all this distinguishing between information related to the General Council of the Judiciary or judicial information strictly talking. To end up, conclusions, which defend the need of reforms that broaden judicial transparency, so as not to leave it in simple words, are provided.Keywords: Active transparency, passive transparency, right of access, interested, accountability.
Vision status of children aged 7 - 15 years referred from school vision screening in Norway during 2003 - 2013: a retrospective study
Authors: Falkenberg Helle K , Langaas Trine , Svarverud Ellen 
Published: March 2019

Abstract
Background: Undetected vision problems are an important cause of reduced academic achievement, performance in everyday life and self-esteem. This receives little attention in national health care services even though most of these vision problems are easily correctable. Data on how many schoolchildren are affected are limited. This study aims to increase the knowledge of vision status in primary and secondary school children by retrospectively describing the vision status of children referred from vision screening during the ten year period 2003 – 2013.
Methods: Of 1126 (15 %) children referred to the university eye clinic, all 782 who attended were included. Patient records were reviewed with regards to symptoms, refractive error, best corrected logMAR visual acuity (BCVA), binocular vision, ocular health and management outcomes.
Results: Previously undetected vision problems were confirmed in 650 (83 %) of the children. The most frequent outcomes were glasses (346) or follow up (209), but types of treatment modalities varied with age. Mean refractive errors were hyperopic for all age groups, but reduced with age (ANOVA, p < .001). Refractive errors did not change across the decade (linear regression, all p > .05). Mean BCVAs were better than 0.0 and improved with age (ANOVA, p < .001). The most prevalent symptoms were headaches (171), near vision problems (149), and reduced distance vision (107).
Conclusions: The vision screening identified children with previously undetected visual problems. There was no change in refractive errors for either age group over the decade. Importantly, most of the problems were solved with glasses. Types of visual problems varied with age, which stresses the importance of regular eye examinations, and raised awareness among parents and teaching staff.
The effect of various dilute administration of rocuronium blomide on both vascular pain and pharmacologic onset: A randomized controlled trial
Authors: Kanazawa Mayuko , Sato(Boku) Aiji , Okumura Yoko , Hashimoto Mayumi , Tachi Naoko , Adachi Yushi , Okuda Masahiro 
Published: March 2019

Abstract
Background Rocuronium bromide (RB) is known to cause vascular pain. Although there have been a few reports that diluted administration causes less vascular pain, there have been no studies investigating diluted administration and the onset time of muscle relaxation. Therefore, we examined the influence of diluted administration of RB on the onset time of muscle relaxation and vascular pain. Methods 51 patients were randomly assigned to three groups: RB stock solution 10 mg/ml (Group 1), two-fold dilution 5 mg/ml (Group 2), or three-fold dilution 3.3 mg/ml (Group 3). After the largest vein of the forearm was secured, anesthesia was induced by propofol and 0.6 mg/kg of RB was administered. The evaluation method devised by Shevchenko et al. was used to evaluate the degree of vascular pain. The time from RB administration until the maximum blocking of T1 by TOF stimulation was measured. Results There was no significant difference in escape behaviors of vascular pain among the three groups, and the onset time of muscle relaxation was significantly slower in Group 3 than in Group 1 (p=0.033). Conclusion Our results suggested that it is unnecessary to dilute RB before administration if a large vein in the forearm is used. Trial Registration UMINCTR Registration number UMIN000026737 Registered 28 Mar 2017
Anesthetics to Prevent Lung Injury in Cardiac Surgery (APLICS): A protocol for a randomized, controlled trial
Authors: O'Gara Brian , Subramaniam Balachundhar , Shaefi Shahzad , Mueller Ariel , Banner-Goodspeed Valerie , Talmor Daniel 
Published: March 2019

Abstract
Background Patients undergoing cardiac surgery with cardiopulmonary bypass are at an increased risk of developing postoperative pulmonary complications, potentially leading to excess morbidity and mortality. It is likely that pulmonary ischemia-reperfusion (IR) injury during cardiopulmonary bypass is a major contributor to perioperative lung injury. Therefore, interventions that can minimize IR injury would be valuable in reducing the excess burden of this potentially preventable disease process. Volatile anesthetics including sevoflurane have been shown in both preclinical and human trials to effectively limit pulmonary inflammation in a number of settings including ischemia-reperfusion injury. However, this finding has not yet been demonstrated in the cardiac surgery population. The Anesthetics to Prevent Lung Injury in Cardiac Surgery (APLICS) trial is a randomized, controlled trial investigating whether sevoflurane anesthetic maintenance can modulate pulmonary inflammation occurring during cardiac surgery with cardiopulmonary bypass, and whether this potential effect can translate to a reduction in postoperative pulmonary complications. Methods APLICS is a prospective, randomized controlled trial of adult cardiac surgical patients. Subjects will be randomized to receive intraoperative anesthetic maintenance with either sevoflurane or propofol. Patients in both groups will be ventilated according to protocols intended to minimize the influences of ventilator induced lung injury and hyperoxia. Bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) and blood sampling will take place after anesthetic induction and between two to four hours after pulmonary reperfusion. The primary outcome is a difference between groups in the degree of post-bypass lung inflammation, defined by BAL concentrations of TNFa. Secondary outcomes will include differences in additional relevant BAL and systemic inflammatory markers and the incidence of postoperative pulmonary complications. Discussion APLICS investigates whether anesthetic choice can influence lung inflammation and pulmonary outcomes following cardiac surgery with cardiopulmonary bypass. A positive result from this trial would add to the growing body of evidence describing the lung protective properties of the volatile anesthetics and potentially reduce unnecessary morbidity for cardiac surgery patients. Trial Registration ClinicalTrials.gov identifier NCT02918877, registered on September 29, 2016.
Prevalence and causes of vision impairment and blindness in three ecological regions of Nepal
Authors: Shrestha Mohan Krishna , Sun Sunjuri Zhi Yu , Limbu Ben , Poudel Manish , Khanal Shankar Prasad , Pradhan Bandana , Shrestha Mangala 
Published: March 2019

Abstract
Background

Vision impairment and blindness are significant public health issues worldwide. The study aims to explore is the prevalence and causes of moderate to severe vision impairment and blindness across three ecological regions of Nepal.

Methods

A comparative cross-sectional study was conducted in three districts covering all ecological regions of Nepal. Intensive training for health workers was provided to conduct door-to-door visits for vision acuity testing using Snellen chart and refer the abnormal cases for comprehensive ocular examination by technicians and ophthalmologists to diagnose and treat ocular morbidities. Collected data were analyzed using SPSS and Stata software.

Results

Altogether 5234 participants were enrolled in the study. The overall prevalence of moderate to severe vision impairment was 9.5% (4.7% in the Mountain district, 11.2% in the Hill district and 21.2% in the Tarai district), though the prevalence of MSVI was 1.5% in participants aged 15-49 years and 25.1% in those aged ≥50. The overall prevalence of blindness was 0.9%, and the prevalence of blindness in the 15-49 and ≥50 age groups was 0.2% and 2.3% respectively. Most cases of vision impairment and blindness (95.5%) were an avoidable cause, of which 93.7% were treatable and 1.8% were preventable. Overall, cataract was the leading cause of vision impairment and blindness (53.5%), followed by uncorrected refractive error (39.5%).

Conclusion

The prevalence of vision impairment and blindness varied significantly with age, ethnicity and locality. The correction of refractive error and cataract surgery would reduce nine in ten cases of moderate to severe vision impairment and blindness.
Genetic polymorphisms of interleukin-6 influence the development of hepatitis B virus-related liver cirrhosis
Authors: Xia Caixia , Zhu Wei , Huang Chunhong , Lou Guohua , Ye Bingjue , Chen Feng , Chen Zhi , Liu Yanning , zheng min 
Published: March 2019

Abstract
Background

Interleukin-6 (IL-6) plays an important role in chronic inflammation. Thus, we aimed to investigate the effects of IL-6 polymorphisms in predicting the progression of hepatitis B virus (HBV) -related liver cirrhosis.

Methods

A cross-sectional study was conducted to analysis IL-6 polymorphisms and serum levels of IL-6 in HBV-infected patients of different clinical phases and in healthy controls. IL-6 polymorphisms were detected by Taqman PCR method and plasma IL-6 levels were assessed by ELISA.

Results

Our analysis included 182 chronic hepatitis B (CHB) patients, 190 HBV-infected liver cirrhosis cases, 125 inactive HBsAg carriers, and 246 healthy controls. Seven SNPs in IL-6 including rs10499563, rs17147230, rs1800796, rs2069837, rs1524107, rs2066992, rs2069852 were analyzed. In haplotype analysis between HBV-infected liver cirrhosis cases with CHB patients, inactive HBV-carriers or healthy controls, haplotype CT in block 1 and haplotype GGCGG in block 2 were associated with liver cirrhosis (P<0.05). What’s more, the genotype or allele frequencies were significantly different in IL-6 rs10499563 and rs2069837 when HBV-infected liver cirrhosis patients compared with CHB patients, inactive HBV-carriers or healthy controls. A further study found that compared with the controls or CHB patients, plasma IL-6 was elevated in HBV-infected liver cirrhosis patients (P<0.05).

Conclusion

In conclusion, the polymorphisms of the IL-6 rs10499563 and rs2069837 are associated with the susceptibility of liver cirrhosis may through their effects on IL-6 expressions and these two single nucleotide polymorphisms can be used as potential predicting markers for prognosis of HBV-infected liver cirrhosis.
GOcats: A tool for categorizing Gene Ontology into subgraphs of user-defined concepts
Authors: Hinderer Eugene W. , Moseley Hunter N.B. 
Published: March 2019

Abstract
Background

Gene Ontology is used extensively in scientific knowledgebases and repositories to organize a wealth of available biological information. However, interpreting annotations derived from differential gene lists is often difficult without manually sorting into higher-order categories. To address these issues, we present GOcats, a novel tool that organizes the Gene Ontology (GO) into subgraphs representing user-defined concepts, while ensuring that all appropriate relations are congruent with respect to scoping semantics.

Results

We tested GOcats performance using subcellular location categories to mine annotations from GO-utilizing knowledgebases and evaluated their accuracy against immunohistochemistry datasets in the Human Protein Atlas (HPA). In comparison to term categorizations generated from UniProt’s controlled vocabulary and from GO slims via OWLTools’ Map2Slim, GOcats outperformed these methods in its ability to mimic human-categorized GO term sets. However, unlike the other methods, GOcats relies only on an input of basic keywords from the user, not a manually compiled or static set of top-level GO terms. Additionally, by identifying and properly defining relations with respect to semantic scope, GOcats can utilize the traditionally problematic relation, has_part, without encountering erroneous term mapping. We applied GOcats in the comparison of HPA-sourced knowledgebase annotations to experimentally-derived annotations provided by HPA directly. During the comparison, GOcats improved correspondence between the annotation sources by adjusting semantic granularity.

Conclusions

GOcats enables the creation of custom, GO slim-like filters to map fine-grained gene annotations from GAFs to general subcellular compartments without needing to hand-select a set GO terms for categorization. Moreover, GOcats can customize the level of semantic specificity for annotation categories. Furthermore, GOcats enables a safe and more comprehensive semantic scoping utilization of go-core, allowing for a more complete utilization of information available in GO. Together, these improvements will impact a variety of GO knowledgebase data mining use-cases as well as knowledgebase curation and quality control.
Nitrogen Fertilization and Moderate Accumulation Intervals Can Maximize Stockpiled Warm‐Season Forage Grasses
Authors: Rushing J.B. , Lemus R.W. , Lyles J.C. 
Published: March 2019

Core Ideas
Accumulation interval had the greatest effect on dry matter yield, crude protein, and neutral detergent fiber for warm‐season perennial grasses.
Cultivar had the greatest effect on acid detergent fiber and total digestible nutrients for warm‐season perennial grasses.
Timely nitrogen applications followed by adequate accumulation intervals can produce adequate amounts of quality stockpiled forage.
ABSTRACTStockpiling warm‐season perennial grasses for grazing during the fall and early winter months is a management practice that can help reduce feeding and supplementation costs. Two seeded bermudagrass [Cynodon dactylon (L.) Pers.] and two bahiagrass (Paspalum notatum Flugge) cultivars were compared in a field trial in east‐central Mississippi. Plots were assigned a single N application (0, 24, 56, and 84 kg N ha−1) and were sampled at 30 d accumulation intervals from September to December in 2015 to 2017 to monitor accumulated dry matter (DM) and nutritive value (crude protein [CP], acid detergent fiber [ADF], neutral detergent fiber [NDF], and total digestible nutrients [TDN]). Accumulation interval had the greatest influence on DM yield and CP. Forage mass was severely reduced (<527 kg DM ha−1) in 2016 due to widespread drought. In years with more rainfall, forage mass was >1200 kg DM ha−1. Across all years, DM yield was influenced by forage species and cultivars within species, however no entry was consecutively greater than any other cultivar or species. Crude protein concentrations increased in 2015, and decreased in 2017 as the season progressed. The ADF and NDF concentrations increased with time for all entries. Total digestible nutrients declined as interval increased, with all cultivars recording <50.5 g kg−1 across all years. In years with ample fall moisture, the combination of N application, followed by an accumulation interval between 60 and 90 d can provide adequate amounts of quality standing forage, regardless of cultivar, for extending the grazing season.
Risk analysis of the mortality from the diseases of the circulatory system in the Ural cohort of emergency-irradiated population for the years 1950–2015
Authors: Krestinina L. Yu. , Silkin S. S. , Degteva M. O. , Akleyev A. V. 
Published: March 2019

The paper describes for the first time the results of the radiation effect study using the example of the analysis of circulatory system disease mortality in newly established cohort combining the population exposed in 1950–1960 due to 2 radiation incidents in the Southern Urals (the Techa River and East-Urals radioactive Trace). The cohort consists of 60,205 people. Over a 65-year follow up period 14,830 deaths from all diseases of the circulatory system were registered. Out of this number 6,163 deaths were from ischemic heart disease, and 4,388 deaths were from cerebrovascular diseases. Analysis was performed on the basis of individualized estimates of dose accumulated in muscle tissue (both internal and external components of the dose), calculated with new Techa River Dosimetry System 2016. As per the latest calculations, mean dose to muscle tissue in members of the combined cohort was 34 mGy, maximum dose was 995 mGy. Simple parametric model of excess relative risk (ERR) was used in the analysis. The number of person-years at risk was 1836,203. The findings of the analysis show linear increase of mortality risk per unit dose from all the disease of circulatory system (ERR/100 mGy was 3%; 95% CI: 0,8%; 5,2%) and from ischemic heart disease (ERR/100 mGy was 9,2%; 95% CI: 5,4%; 13,5%). with 15-year latent period. No statistically significant increase in mortality from the cerebrovascular diseases in the combined cohort of the population exposed in the Southern Urals over a 65-year period received evidence. The obtained results are in good agreement with those received in the analysis of the effect in the Techa River Cohort in 2013. The latter covered a 53-year period (with minimum latent period of 15 years) and revealed statistically significant linear dose response for all diseases of the circulatory system (ERR/100 mGy – 0.036) and ischemic heart disease (ERR/100 mGy – 0.056).