bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
MiR-384 induces apoptosis and autophagy of non-small cell lung cancer cells through the negative regulation of Collagen α-1(X) chain gene
Authors: Guo Qingkui , Zheng Min , Xu Ye , Wang Ning , Zhao Wen 
Published: November 2018

Abstract
The present study aims to investigate the mechanism of miR-384 in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) cell apoptosis and autophagy by regulating Collagen α-1(X) chain (COL10A1). Bioinformatics methods were applied to evaluate potential miRNAs and genes that might correlate with NSCLC. Tumor tissues and adjacent tissues from 104 NSCLC patients were collected and human NSCLC A549 cell line was selected for subsequent experiments. A549 cells were treated with miR-384 mimic, miR-384 inhibitor, or knockdown of COL10A1. Quantitative real-time PCR (qRT-PCR) and Western blotting were utilized to detect the levels of miR-384, COL10A, Survivin, Bcl-2, Bax, Bcl-xl, Beclin 1, and LC3 in tissues and cells. A series of biological assays including MTT assay, Annexin V-FITC/PI (propidium iodide) staining, immunofluorescence, monodansylcadaverine (MDC) staining were conducted to investigate the effects of miR-384 and COL10A1 on NSCLC cells. Tumorigenicity assay for nude rats was applied. Results obtained from the present study indicated that miR-384 down-regulated COL10A1 by targetting it. Compared with adjacent tissues, miR-384 expression was obviously reduced while COL10A1 expression was significantly enhanced in NSCLC tissues (all P&lt;0.05). Outcomes in vivo and in vitro suggested that cell proliferation and tumorigenicity were inhibited while cell apoptosis and autophagy were induced in NSCLC cells treated with up-regulation of miR-384 or silence of COL10A1. In miR-384 inhibitor group, cell proliferation was improved, while cell apoptosis was reduced and cell autophagy was decreased whereas tumorigenicity of cells was strengthened. Based on the findings of our study, it was established that miR-384 could down-regulate COL10A1 levels, subsequently inhibiting cell proliferation and promoting cell apoptosis and autophagy in NSCLC cells.
New species of Paracolpenteron n. gen. and Ancyrocephalus (Monogenea, Dactylogyridae) inhabiting the urinary bladder and gills of the Maya needlefish Strongylura hubbsi (Beloniformes, Belonidae) from Chiapas, Mexico
Authors: Mendoza-Franco Edgar F. , Caspeta-Mandujano Juan M. , Ramírez-Martínez Carlos 
Published: November 2018

Parasitological examination of the maya needlefish Strongylura hubbsi Collette (Belonidae) from the Rio Lacantún basin in the Montes Azules Biosphere Reserve, Chiapas, Mexico showed that specimens were parasitized by two monogenean species in two different sites: Paracolpenteron hubbsii n. gen., n. sp in the urinary bladder and Ancyrocephalus chiapanensis n. sp in the gill lamellae. Paracolpenteron hubbsii differs from other dactylogyrid species without a haptoral anchor/bar complex infecting the urinary systems, gills and nasal cavities by the general morphology of hooks, a dextral vaginal opening, a tubular male copulatory organ comprising a base from which a coiled shaft arises in counterclockwise direction, and an unarticulated Y-shaped accessory piece. Ancyrocephalus chiapanensis n. sp. resembles Ancyrocephalus cornutus William & Rogers, 1972 from the gills of Strongylura marina from Florida from which it differs in possessing a twisted tube of the male copulatory organ (curved in A. cornutus), ventral bar with cavities on the ends (cavities absent in A. cornutus) and by the size of the ventral (length 31–34 μm vs. 24–27 μm in A. cornutus) and dorsal (length 25–28 μm vs. 18–22 μm in A. cornutus) anchors. These new monogeneans are described herein and their biogeography is briefly discussed based on the previous phylogenetic hypotheses concerning the host family.
Partitioning mortality into growth-dependent and growth-independent hazards across 203 tropical tree species
Authors: Camac James S. , Condit Richard , FitzJohn Richard G. , McCalman Lachlan , Steinberg Daniel , Westoby Mark , Wright S. Joseph , Falster Daniel S. 
Published: November 2018

SignificanceWe present a model that partitions rates of tropical tree mortality into growth-dependent and growth-independent hazards. This creates the opportunity to examine the relative contributions of within-species and across-species variation on tropical tree mortality rates, but also how species traits affect each hazard. We parameterize this model using >400,000 observed survival records collected over a 15-y period at Barro Colorado Island, Panama from more than 180,000 individuals across 203 species. We show that marginal carbon budgets are a major contributor to tree death on Barro Colorado Island. Moreover, we found that while species’ light demand, maximum diameter at breast height (dbh), and wood density affected tree mortality in different ways, they explained only a small fraction of the total variability observed among species.
Gut health in poultry and considerations of additives as alternatives to antibiotics.
Authors: Broom L. J. , Kogut M. H. 
Published: November 2018

Abstract
Gut health' is currently a hot topic in animal production but lacks precise definition or definitive assessment. Antibiotics have been used for many years to manage gut health issues but are under pressure in many parts of the world to help protect their long-term effectiveness. The intestine is composed of numerous components, including a microbiome, nutrients and host factors (e.g. cells, secretions, mediators, etc.) that are continually interacting. The gut microbiome governs the development and functionality of the immune system and strongly influences 'gut health'. Features of the innate gut immune system are largely present and functionally mature at hatch and may represent a particular focus for exogenous interventions. Inflammation is a key innate response and, although often viewed only as a negative response, evidence indicates an enhanced or less regulated acute inflammatory response capability is beneficial. Unresolved, sterile or metabolic inflammation, resulting from innate immune system stimulation by non-infectious cellular components and metabolites, are, however, generally recognized as undesirable and are a focus for intervention. Antibiotic growth promoters were effective at preventing and/or controlling intestinal disorders and although most evidence suggests benefits from microbiome modification there is still debate over the precise mode of action. The clear protective effects of the gut microbiome and influences on immunity make for potential interventions that have largely focused on the application of various microbiome (e.g. probiotics) and/or immune (e.g. cytokines) modulators. A better understanding of key microbiome-immune interactions, and thus how these can be appropriately modulated, is essential for significant progress in promoting gut and animal health.
The Relative Impact of Community and Hospital Antibiotic Use on the Selection of Extended-spectrum Beta-lactamase–producing Escherichia coli
Authors: MacFadden Derek R , Fisman David N , Hanage William P , Lipsitch Marc 
Published: November 2018

Abstract
Antibiotic stewardship programs have traditionally focused on reducing hospital antibiotic use. However, reducing community antibiotic prescribing could have substantial impacts in both hospital and community settings. We developed a deterministic model of transmission of extended-spectrum beta-lactamase–producing Escherichia coli in both the community and hospitals. We fit the model to existing, national-level antibiotic use and resistance prevalence data from Sweden. Across a range of conditions, a given relative change in antibiotic use in the community had a greater impact on resistance prevalence in both the community and hospitals than an equivalent relative change in hospital use. However, on a per prescription basis, changes in antibiotic use in hospitals had the greatest impact. The magnitude of changes in prevalence were modest, even with large changes in antimicrobial use. These data support the expansion of stewardship programs/interventions beyond the walls of hospitals, but also suggest that such efforts would benefit hospitals themselves.
The Impact of Antibiotic Stewardship Program Resources on Infection Prevention Programs
Authors: Bleasdale Susan C , Barnden Marsha , Barnes Sue 
Published: November 2018

AbstractDoernberg and colleagues describe the role and resourcing of the infectious disease (ID) physician for an effective hospital-based antibiotic stewardship program (ASP). There are similar resource requirements for the ID physician leader in an effective infection prevention (IP) program. This ID physician partnership is supported by professional organizations and predates the imperative of ID physician leadership in ASP. There are regulatory requirements for established IP programs, but they do not specify leadership structure to the same degree as ASP regulations. The Centers for Medicare and Medicaid and The Joint Commission have specified the inclusion of an ID-trained physician leader in ASP, and this has led to the development of curriculum to train more ASP physicians. More robust advocacy may ensure a similar regulatory mandate supporting the participation of ID-trained physicians in IP programs. This may encourage the development of a curriculum to meet the workforce.
Persistent Low-level Viremia Predicts Subsequent Virologic Failure: Is It Time to Change the Third 90?
Authors: Esber Allahna , Polyak Christina , Kiweewa Francis , Maswai Jonah , Owuoth John , Maganga Lucas , Adamu Yakubu , Hickey Patrick W , Ake Julie A , Crowell Trevor A 
Published: November 2018

Abstract

Background
World Health Organization (WHO) guidelines identify human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) viral load <1000 copies/mL as the goal of antiretroviral therapy (ART). However, the clinical implications of viremia below this threshold are unclear in the African context. We examined factors associated with persistent low-level viremia (pLLV) and quantified the risk of subsequent virologic.

Methods
The African Cohort Study enrolled HIV-infected adults at clinics in Uganda, Kenya, Tanzania, and Nigeria, with assessments every 6 months. We evaluated participants prescribed ART for at least 6 months without virologic failure for pLLV. We used multinomial logistic regression to evaluate associations between prespecified factors of interest and 3 levels of pLLV (<200, 200–499, and 500–999 copies/mL). We used Anderson-Gill extended Cox proportional hazards to estimate hazard ratios (HRs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) for viremia category associations with time to failure.

Results
We included 1511 participants with 4382 person-years of follow-up. PLLV <200 copies/mL was observed at 20% of visits while 2% of visits had pLLV 200–499 and 500–999 copies/mL each, with substantial variation by site. Protease inhibitor–containing ART was associated with increased risk of pLLV. Compared to undetectable viral load, pLLV ≥200 copies/mL doubled the risk of developing virologic failure (pLLV 200–499: HR, 1.81 [95% CI, 1.08–3.02]); pLLV 500–999: HR, 2.36 [95% CI, 1.52–3.67]).

Conclusions
Participants with pLLV ≥200 copies/mL were at increased risk of subsequent virologic failure. Optimized HIV care in this setting should target viral suppression <200 copies/mL.
Surplus country adjustment: revisiting the post-World War II Scarce Currency Clause
Authors: Patalano Rosario 
Published: November 2018

AbstractThe Scarce Currency Clause (SCC) in the IMF’s Articles of Agreement (Article VII) was originally designed to establish an effective, automatic mechanism to stimulate the surplus countries to adopt adjustment policies and to correct chronic imbalances. The clause formally authorises countries with a chronic deficit to apply trade discrimination against a surplus country, by imposing tariffs and other restrictions on its exports. But the SCC has never been applied, and its permanence in the IMF’s Articles of Agreement appears today as a relic of the past, an example of post-war international cooperation. This paper presents an analytical survey of the debate on the SCC in the first decade of the IMF, exploring the contemporary opinions on the possibility that this instrument could be effectively used to correct the chronic imbalances in the post-war world and to resolve the problem of dollar shortage. More recently, the persistence of current global trade imbalances has stimulated a renewed reflection on the automatic instrument for encouraging or compelling countries to undertake necessary adjustments. The paper is focusing on recent proposals for correcting imbalances against surplus countries.
Chronic pain is associated with increased health care use among community-dwelling older adults in Brazil: the Pain in the Elderly (PAINEL) Study
Authors: Torres Juliana L , da Silva Silvia L A , Ferreira Fabiane R , Mendes Liliane P S , Machado Luciana A 
Published: November 2018

Abstract

Background
Chronic pain is known to increase health care use in high-income countries, but in Brazil, little is known.

Objective
To investigate the association between chronic pain and health care use among Brazilian older adults and explore the relationship between pain severity and health care use.

Methods
This cross-sectional study was derived from the population-based study Frailty in Brazilian Older People-FIBRA. Chronic pain, pain intensity and pain-related disability were assessed through additional telephone interviews. Health care use was measured by the number of doctor visits, hospitalization events and high health care use (highest quartile of the distribution for number of doctor visits) in the last 12 months. Associations were tested in regression analyses adjusted for predisposing, enabling and illness-level components from the Andersen Model.

Results
The 383 participants were predominantly female (71.0%), mean age was 75.6 (6.1 SD). The prevalence of chronic pain was 30.0%. Chronic pain was associated with number of doctor visits [unstandardized B coefficient 1.48; 95% confidence interval (CI) = 0.35–2.62] and high health care use [odds ratios (OR) = 2.27; 95% CI = 1.39–3.72]. Pain intensity was associated with high health care use in univariate (OR = 1.13; 95% CI = 1.06–1.20) but not multivariate analysis (OR = 1.12; 95% CI = 0.94–1.33). Pain-related disability was not associated with any outcome.

Conclusion
Chronic pain increased health care use among Brazilian older adults. Improving the quality of primary care management of individuals at greater risk of chronic pain should be a cornerstone of health policies directed towards reducing the personal and societal burden of ageing.
Plasma kidney injury molecule-1 (p-KIM-1) levels and deterioration of kidney function over 16 years
Authors: Schulz Christina-Alexandra , Engström Gunnar , Nilsson Jan , Almgren Peter , Petkovic Marinka , Christensson Anders , Nilsson Peter M , Melander Olle , Orho-Melander Marju 
Published: November 2018

Abstract

Background
The kidney injury molecule-1 (KIM-1) has previously been associated with kidney function in rodents and humans. Yet its role as a predictive marker for future decline in kidney function has remained less clear.

Methods
At baseline (1991–1994), fasting plasma KIM-1 (p-KIM-1) was measured in 4739 participants of the population-based Malmö Diet and Cancer Study. Creatinine and cystatin C were used to calculate estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) according to Chronic Kidney Disease Epidemiology Collaboration (CKD-EPI) Collaboration 2012 creatinine–cystatin C equation at baseline and follow-up examination (2007–2012). Incident CKD was defined as an eGFR &lt;60 mL/min/1.73 m2 at follow-up.

Results
During a mean follow-up time of 16.6 years, high p-KIM-1 levels were associated with a greater decline in eGFR (quartile 1 −1.36 versus quartile 4 −1.54 mL/min/1.73 m2; P &lt; 0.001). In multivariate analyses, the risk for incident CKD at the follow-up examination was higher among participants with baseline p-KIM-1 levels in the highest quartile {odds ratio [OR] 1.45 [95% confidence interval (CI) 1.10–1.92]} compared with those within the lowest quartile. The relative impact of baseline p-KIM-1 on incidence of CKD [OR 1.20 (95% CI 1.08–1.33) per 1 standard deviation (SD) increase in p-KIM-1] was comparable to those of age and systolic blood pressure (SBP) [OR 1.55 (95% CI 1.38–1.74) and OR 1.21 (95% CI 1.09–1.35) per 1 SD increase, respectively]. Adding p-KIM-1 to a conventional risk model resulted in significantly improved C-statistics (P = 0.04) and reclassified 9% of the individuals into the correct risk direction (continuous net reclassification improvement P = 0.02). Furthermore, the risk for hospitalization due to impaired renal function increased with increasing baseline p-KIM-1 [hazard ratio per 1 SD 1.43; (95% CI 1.18–1.74)] during a mean follow-up time of 19.2 years.

Conclusion
Our results show that p-KIM-1 predicts the future decline of eGFR and risk of CKD in healthy middle-aged participants. Whether p-KIM-1 can be used to prioritize preventive action that needs to be further investigated.
Negative correlation between retirement age and length of contribution?
Authors: Granseth Erik , Keck Wolfgang , Nagl Wolfgang , Simonovits András , Tir Melinda 
Published: November 2018

Abstract
Though never stated explicitly, there is a hidden hypothesis that in a normal pension system, the retirement age and the length of contribution are strongly and positively correlated. We compare the time paths of male and female correlation coefficients in Austria, Germany, Hungary and Sweden for several years and categories; and obtain a mixed picture. Hungary and Austria stand out with their strong negative correlation but the remaining two countries cannot boast with strongly positive correlation, either. Further work is needed to understand the significance of our findings but they signal some problems with these systems: heterogeneously fragmented careers and unfair benefit rules.
Hermite integrator for high-order mesh-free schemes
Authors: Yamamoto Satoko , Makino Junichiro 
Published: November 2018

Abstract
In most mesh-free methods, the calculation of interactions between sample points or “particles” is the most time-consuming. When we use mesh-free methods with high spatial orders, the order of the time integration should also be high. If we use usual Runge–Kutta schemes, we need to perform the interaction calculation multiple times per time step. One way to reduce the number of interaction calculations is to use Hermite schemes, which use the time derivatives of the right-hand side of differential equations, since Hermite schemes require a smaller number of interaction calculations than Runge–Kutta schemes do to achieve the same order. In this paper, we construct a Hermite scheme for a mesh-free method with high spatial orders. We performed several numerical tests with fourth-order Hermite schemes and Runge–Kutta schemes. We found that, for both Hermite and Runge–Kutta schemes, the overall error is determined by the error of spatial derivatives, for time steps smaller than the stability limit. The calculation cost at the time-step size of the stability limit is smaller for Hermite schemes. Therefore, we conclude that Hermite schemes are more efficient than Runge–Kutta schemes and thus useful for high-order mesh-free methods for Lagrangian hydrodynamics.
KN scattering amplitude revisited in a chiral unitary approach and a possible broad resonance in S = +1 channel
Authors: Aoki Kenji , Jido Daisuke 
Published: November 2018

Abstract
We revisit the $KN$ scattering amplitude in order to investigate the possibility of the existence of a broad resonance in the $I=0$$KN$ channel around the energy of 1617 MeV with 305 MeV width. We use the chiral unitary model to describe the $KN$ scattering amplitudes and determine the model parameters so as to reproduce the differential cross sections of the $K^{+}N$ scatterings and the $I=0$ and 1 total cross sections up to $p_{\rm lab} = 800$ MeV/c, from which inelastic contributions start to be significant. Performing analytic continuation of the determined amplitude to the complex energy plane, we find a pole for a broad resonance state. We point out that the rapid increase appearing in the $I=0$ total cross section around $p_{\rm lab}=500$ MeV/c is a hint of the possible broad resonance of strangeness $S=+1$.
Prediabetes
Authors: Rariden Christina 
Published: November 2018

Abstract:
Prediabetes continues to be a national and worldwide health concern, affecting 84 million adults in the US. Early identification and intervention have been successful in delaying and/or preventing the progression to type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). Nonpharmacologic treatment of prediabetes is paramount, although pharmacologic treatment is appropriate in high-risk patients. In an attempt to curb the increasing prevalence of T2DM, recognizing the importance of identifying and managing prediabetes should remain in the national healthcare forefront.
Current Cardiac Imaging Approaches in Duchenne Muscular Dystrophy
Authors: Poonja Sabrina , Power Alyssa , Mah Jean K. , Fine Nowell M. , Greenway Steven C. 
Published: November 2018

Abstract
Duchenne muscular dystrophy (DMD) is an X-linked neuromuscular condition caused by mutations in the dystrophin gene leading to skeletal muscle weakness and dilated cardiomyopathy. The prevalence of DMD-related cardiomyopathy increases with age and is almost universal by the third decade of life. Myocardial fibrosis and progressive left ventricular dysfunction lead to the development of heart failure and premature death. With modern advances in medical and surgical management for patients with DMD increasing their life expectancy, cardiac dysfunction represents an increasing cause of morbidity and mortality in these patients. Early diagnosis of dilated cardiomyopathy before symptom development enables the initiation of potentially disease-modifying therapies, but requires regular dedicated imaging surveillance with sufficient sensitivity to detect subclinical changes in cardiac structure and function. Currently, transthoracic echocardiography (TTE) and cardiac magnetic resonance imaging (CMR) are commonly used and have complementary roles. TTE is rapid and readily available, whereas CMR is the gold standard for the quantification of ventricular structure and function and can detect the presence and extent of myocardial fibrosis, an increasingly appreciated marker for early disease. This review describes the clinical applications, advantages, and disadvantages of cardiac imaging screening and surveillance for the myocardial manifestations of DMD, with a particular focus on TTE and CMR.