bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
PULMONARY ARTERIAL HYPERTENSION IN SYSTEMIC CONNECTIVE TISSUE DISEASES: THE CURRENT STATE OF THE PROBLEM
Authors: Volkov A. V. , Martynyuk T. V. 
Published: September 2018

Pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH) is a complex, multidisciplinary problem of modern medicine. The basis for the disease is a microcirculatory lesion in the vessels, which leads to a decrease in their blood flow, to increased pulmonary vascular resistance and, as an outcome, right ventricular failure, and death. PAH may also be associated with systemic connective tissue diseases (SCTDs), in particular with systemic sclerosis (SS), as one of the manifestations of the disease. As well as idiopathic pulmonary hypertension, PAH-SCTDs is an orphan disease: according to the data of the V.A. Nasonova Research Institute of Rheumatology, the incidence of PAH is 5.2% in SS, 0.3% in systemic lupus erythematosus, and 7.4% in mixed connective tissue disease. Low prevalence is responsible for late diagnosis, which is always associated with a poor therapy response and poor prognosis. The purpose of the lecture is to acquaint rheumatologists with the possibilities of diagnosis and treatment of this rare, but prognostic severe manifestation of SCTDs.
Co lze „vyčíst z ruky” aneb somatické frazémy v proměnách času
Authors: PACOVSKÁ Jasňa , ŠKODOVÁ Svatava , LÁBUS Václav 
Published: September 2018

Příspěvek se zabývá tzv. somatickými frazémy, jež jsou založeny na bázovém lexému ruka. Pro potřeby tohoto příspěvku bylo analyzováno užití jednoho konkrétního spojení, a to v rukou. Jazykový materiál pro excerpci poskytl archiv mluvených pořadů Českého rozhlasu, konkrétně zpravodajské pořady Rozhlasové noviny z roku 1977 a Ozvěny dne z roku 1997; pro porovnání byla využita i data z Českého národního korpusu z týchž let. Cílem je postihnout poměr doslovného a metaforického užití vybrané vazby, kvalitativně analyzovat sémantické profily, v nichž se vyskytuje, a identifikovat případný ideologický podtext.
Fusion insight librA
Authors: Cai Le , Chen Jianjun , Chen Jun , Chen Yu , Chiang Kuorong , Dimitrijevic Marko , Ding Yonghua , Dong Yu , Ghazal Ahmad , Hebert Jacques , Jagtiani Kamini , Lin Suzhen , Liu Ye , Ni Demai , Pei Chunfeng , Sun Jason , Wang Yongyan , Zhang Li , Zhang Mingyi , Zhu Cheng 
Published: September 2018

Huawei Fusion Insight Libr A (FI-MPPDB) is a petabyte scale enterprise analytics platform developed by the Huawei data-base group. It started as a prototype more than five years ago, and is now being used by many enterprise customers over the globe, including some of the world's largest financial institutions. Our product direction and enhancements have been mainly driven by customer requirements in the fast evolving Chinese market.
This paper describes the architecture of FI-MPPDB and some of its major enhancements. In particular, we focus on top four requirements from our customers related to data analytics on the cloud: system availability, auto tuning, query over heterogeneous data models on the cloud, and the ability to utilize powerful modern hardware for good performance. We present our latest advancements in the above areas including online expansion, auto tuning in query optimizer, SQL on HDFS, and intelligent JIT compiled execution. Finally, we present some experimental results to demonstrate the effectiveness of these technologies.
Graph data models, query languages and programming paradigms
Authors: Deutsch Alin , Papakonstantinou Yannis 
Published: September 2018

Numerous databases support semi-structured, schemaless and heterogeneous data, typically in the form of graphs (often restricted to trees and nested data). They also provide corresponding high-level query languages or graph-tailored programming paradigms.
The evolving query languages present multiple variations: Some are superficial syntactic ones, while other ones are genuine differences in modeling, language capabilities and semantics. Incompatibility with SQL presents a learning challenge for graph databases, while table orientation often leads to cumbersome syntactic/semantic structures that are contrary to graph data. Furthermore, the query languages often fall short of full-fledged semistructured and graph query language capabilities, when compared to the yardsticks set by prior academic efforts.
We survey features, the designers' options and differences in the approaches taken by current systems. We cover both declarative query languages, whose semantics is independent of the underlying model of computation, as well as languages with an operational semantics that is more tightly coupled with the model of computation. For the declarative languages over both general graphs and tree-shaped graphs (as motivated by XML and the recent generation of nested formats, such as JSON and Parquet) we compare to an SQL baseline and present SQL reductions and extensions that capture the essentials of such database systems. More precisely, rather than presenting a single SQL extension, we present multiple configuration options whereas multiple possible (and different) semantics are formally captured by the multiple options that the language's semantic configuration options can take. We show how appropriate setting of the configuration options morphs the semantics into the semantics of multiple surveyed languages, hence providing a compact and formal tool to understand the essential semantic differences between different systems.
Finally we compare with prior nested and graph query languages (notably OQL, XQuery, Lorel, StruQL, PigLatin) and we transfer into the modern graph database context lessons from the semistructured query processing research of the 90s and 00s, combining them with insights on current graph databases.
Computational fact checking
Authors: Cazalens Sylvie , Leblay Julien , Lamarre Philippe , Manolescu Ioana , Tannier Xavier 
Published: September 2018

Data journalism designates journalistic work inspired by digital data sources. A particularly popular and active area of data journalism is concerned with fact-checking. The term was born in the journalist community and referred the process of verifying and ensuring the accuracy of published media content; since 2012, however, it has increasingly focused on the analysis of politics, economy, science, and news content shared in any form, but first and foremost on the Web (social and otherwise). These trends have been noticed by computer scientists working in the industry and academia. Thus, a very lively area of digital content management research has taken up these problems and works to propose foundations (models), algorithms, and implement them through concrete tools.
Our tutorial: (i) Outlines the current state of affairs in the area of digital (or computational) fact-checking in newsrooms, by journalists, NGO workers, scientists and IT companies; (ii) Shows which areas of digital content management research, in particular those relying on the Web, can be leveraged to help fact-checking, and gives a comprehensive survey of efforts in this area; (iii) Highlights ongoing trends, unsolved problems, and areas where we envision future scientific and practical advances.
Efficient searchable encryption through compression
Authors: Demertzis Ioannis , Talapatra Rajdeep , Papamanthou Charalampos 
Published: September 2018

In this work we design new searchable encryption schemes whose goal is to minimize the
number of cryptographic operations
required to retrieve the result---a dimension mostly overlooked by previous works, yet very important in practice. Our main idea is to utilize compression so as to reduce the size of the plaintext indexes before producing the encrypted searchable indices. Our solution can use any existing Searchable Encryption (SE) scheme as a black-box and any combination of lossless compression algorithms, without compromising security.

The efficiency of our schemes varies based on the leakage exposed by the underlying application. For instance, for private keyword search (more leakage), we demonstrate up to 188× savings in search time, while for database search (less leakage) our savings are up to 62×.
The power of our approach is better manifested when combined with more secure, yet less practical, cryptographic tools, such as Oblivious Random Access Memory (ORAM). In particular while ORAM is known to be prohibitively expensive for large-scale applications, we show that our compress-first-ORAM-next approach allows significant more efficient index search time, reducing the time for executing a query with result of size more than one million tuples from approximately 21 hours to 20 minutes.
Locke and the Methodology of Newton’s Principia
Authors: Connolly Patrick J. 
Published: September 2018

Abstract
A number of commentators have recently suggested that there is a puzzle surrounding Locke’s acceptance of Newton’s Principia. On their view, Locke understood natural history as the primary methodology for natural philosophy and this commitment was at odds with an embrace of mathematical physics. This article considers various attempts to address this puzzle and finds them wanting. It then proposes a more synoptic view of Locke’s attitude towards natural philosophy. Features of Locke’s biography show that he was deeply interested in mathematical physics long before the publication of the Principia. This interest was in line with important developments in the Royal Society. It is argued that Locke endorsed a two-stage approach to natural philosophy which was consistent with an embrace of both natural history and mathematical physics. The Principia can be understood as consistent with this approach.
Branches of Forced Oscillations Induced by a Delayed Periodic Force
Authors: Calamai Alessandro , Pera Maria Patrizia , Spadini Marco 
Published: September 2018

Abstract
We study global continuation properties of the set of T-periodic solutions of parameterized second order delay differential equations with constant time lag on smooth manifolds. We apply our results to get multiplicity of T-periodic solutions. Our topological approach is mainly based on the notion of degree of a tangent vector field.
Language acquisition and linguistic theory: When linguistic theory meets empirical data
Authors: Guijarro-Fuentes Pedro 
Published: September 2018

Abstract
This Special Issue brings together the current work of well-established and well-known researchers in the field of language acquisition from a formal approach across several languages and of bilingual acquisition (2L1 and adult simultaneous and successive bilinguals), focusing on the syntax, semantics and pragmatics of different linguistic phenomena. Specifically, the four papers that will encompass this Special Issue together with an afterword paper written by a leading researcher in the field, Itziar Laka, discuss two main issues for current linguistic theory, both related, in this discussion, to Spanish: on the one hand, how do data and phenomena from the acquisition of different Romance languages inform and shape generative linguistic theory? And, on the other, how does generative linguistic theory frame and constrain research on the acquisition of Romance languages? To that end, divergent bilingual populations are used in these studies, which present longitudinal or cross-sectional data using a diverse range of methodologies (more on this within the individual summaries).
Improving diagnosis by improving education: a policy brief on education in healthcare professions
Authors: Graber Mark L. , Rencic Joseph , Rusz Diana , Papa Frank , Croskerry Pat , Zierler Brenda , Harkless Gene , Giuliano Michael , Schoenbaum Stephen , Colford Cristin , Cahill Maureen , Olson Andrew P.J. 
Published: September 2018

Abstract
Diagnostic error is increasingly recognized as a major patient safety concern. Efforts to improve diagnosis have largely focused on safety and quality improvement initiatives that patients, providers, and health care organizations can take to improve the diagnostic process and its outcomes. This educational policy brief presents an alternative strategy for improving diagnosis, centered on future healthcare providers, to improve the education and training of clinicians in every health care profession. The hypothesis is that we can improve diagnosis by improving education. A literature search was first conducted to understand the relationship of education and training to diagnosis and diagnostic error in different health care professions. Based on the findings from this search we present the justification for focusing on education and training, recommendations for specific content that should be incorporated to improve diagnosis, and recommendations on educational approaches that should be used. Using an iterative, consensus-based process, we then developed a driver diagram that categorizes the key content into five areas. Learners should: 1) Acquire and effectively use a relevant knowledge base, 2) Optimize clinical reasoning to reduce cognitive error, 3) Understand system-related aspects of care, 4) Effectively engage patients and the diagnostic team, and 5) Acquire appropriate perspectives and attitudes about diagnosis. These domains echo recommendations in the National Academy of Medicine’s report Improving Diagnosis in Health Care. The National Academy report suggests that true interprofessional education and training, incorporating recent advances in understanding diagnostic error, and improving clinical reasoning and other aspects of education, can ultimately improve diagnosis by improving the knowledge, skills, and attitudes of all health care professionals.
Numerical limitations of the attainment of the orientation of geological planes
Authors: Michalak Michał 
Published: September 2018

Abstract
The paper discusses limitations of analytical attainment of the attitude of a geological plane by using three non-collinear points. We present problems that arise during computing the orientation of a plane generated by almost collinear points. We referred these errors to floating-point arithmetic inaccuracies. To demonstrate the problem, we examined a surface of constant orientation. We used Delaunay triangulation to calculate its local orientation parameters. We introduced a new measure of collinearity applicable for collecting attitude of planar triangles. Using this measure we showed that certain planes generated by the triangulation cannot be treated as a reliable source of measurement. To examine the relationship between collinearity and orientation, we used a combinatorial algorithm to obtain all possible planes from the given set of points. A statistical criterion of rejecting almost collinear planes was suggested.
Many hours of watching medical TV shows is associated with greater medical knowledge
Authors: Chow Ronald , Viehweger Jaclyn , Kanmodi Kehinde Kazeem 
Published: September 2018

AbstractTelevision (TV) is a popular and effective media in the formation of behaviours, beliefs and emotions. Watching TV is a main hobby in people’s lives, and has become an increasingly more common hobby for children nowadays as opposed to several decades ago. However, while many studies have reported the negative effects, there have been little to no studies investigating whether a positive effect may exist. The aim of this study was to determine whether individuals who watch medical dramas are generally more knowledgeable about medicine than those who do not watch medical dramas. This was a cross-sectional survey of adolescents and young adults using an e-questionnaire. The questionnaire had four sections – a consent form, demographics of respondents, TV show(s) respondents watched and assessment of medical knowledge. Questionnaires were circulated to the international community, with a focus on respondents in Canada, the US and Nigeria. Responses were analysed using statistical analysis software. Between August and December 2017, a total of 746 consenting respondents completed the questionnaire. The average knowledge score of all respondents on medical terminologies was 6.80 out of 10. For respondents who had a history of watching medical TV shows, they were more knowledgeable than those without such a history (p = 0.0008). Additionally, those who watched more than one season of TV were more knowledgeable than those who had watched less than one season (p < 0.0001). The results suggest that people who have a history of watching TV shows are more knowledgeable than those without such a history, and also that those who watch more hours of medical TV shows are more knowledgeable than those who watch only a few hours. Future studies could investigate whether medical TV shows causes higher knowledge (as this study suggests association), and to ultimately determine whether it can be an essential component of increasing medical knowledge of the population, and in turn, patients.
Foreign debt, conflicting claims and income policies in a Kaleckian model of growth and distribution
Authors: Bortz Pablo Gabriel , Michelena Gabriel , Toledo Fernando 
Published: September 2018

AbstractThe paper develops a Kaleckian model of growth with endogenous income distribution, determined by conflicting claims on income shares. The article analyzes different demand, distribution and debt regimes, with external debt playing a differential role according to its impact on the exchange rate and on debt-servicing. We further study the impact of a tax-based income policy on the exchange-rate pass-through and external competitiveness. We find that the threat of taxation (or subsidies) can serve as an instrument to coordinate income claims, lower inflationary pressures and improve external price competitiveness.
The Other Cornwall Girl: Morgause in Twentieth-Century English Literature
Authors: Hildebrand Kristina 
Published: September 2018

Abstract
Morgause is an understudied character in Arthurian scholarship. In Malory, she is relatively positively presented as a queen, as a mother of knights and as a sexually active woman; she is always seen from these perspectives, which define her as a character. In modern portrayals, there is no novel with Morgause as a main character, but she appears frequently as a secondary one. The focus is on her sexuality, which is sometimes contrasted against Morgaine le Fay’s. Morgause’s sexual independence is frequently condemned and used to depict her as a negative character, or even the villain of the piece.
Parametric studies on the workability and compressive strength properties of geopolymer concrete
Authors: Nagajothi S. , Elavenil S. 
Published: September 2018

AbstractGeopolymer concrete is a booming technology in the construction industry. Much research is occurring in geopolymer concrete, as it emits low carbon dioxide into the atmosphere, is eco-friendly material and is an alternative for cement. This research mainly focuses on the use of fly ash based geopolymer concrete in ambient curing conditions and the use of manufactured sand due to the scarcity of natural sand. Mainly studies have evolved on the workability, setting time and compressive strength by the effect of ground granulated blast furnace slag (GGBFS), manufactured sand (M-sand), alkaline activator solutions to binder ratio and the proportions of sodium silicate to sodium hydroxide (SS/SH) in geopolymer concrete and mortar. The experimental studies were carried out using nine geopolymer concrete mixes and the comparisons were made. The workability of concrete decreases by increasing the percentage of GGBFS, M-sand and the proportions of SS/SH whereas workability of concrete increases when increasing the alkaline liquid to binder ratio. The compressive strength of geopolymer mortar and concrete increases when the percentage of GGBFS and M-sand is increased, and it decreases by increasing the alkaline liquid content. There is no change in strength by decreasing the proportions of SS/SH.
Comparison of fetal weight distribution improved by paternal height by Spanish standard versus Intergrowth 21st standard
Authors: Savirón-Cornudella Ricardo , Esteban Luis Mariano , Lerma Diego , Cotaina Laura , Borque Ángel , Sanz Gerardo , Castán Sergio 
Published: September 2018

Abstract

Objective:
Our main objective was to study the influence on birth and ultrasound fetal weight of traditional factors in combination with non-traditionally explored predictors such as paternal height to provide a new customized in utero growth model. We also have compared it in our population with other customized and non-customized models.

Methods:
We collected 5243 cases of singleton pregnancies. An integrated study of the different variables was performed in a multivariate model to predict the fetus birthweight and customized growth curves were created following the Gardosi procedure.

Results:
Gestational age (P<0.001), parity (P<0.001), maternal age (P<0.001), maternal body mass index (P<0.001), maternal height (P<0.001), parental height (P<0.001), pregnancy-associated plasma protein A (PAPP-A) (P<0.001), free-beta human chorionic gonadotropin (FBHCG) (P<0.013), single umbilical artery (SUA) (P<0.009), region of origin (P<0.001), fetal sex (P<0.001), smoking (P<0.001) and pre-gestational diabetes (P<0.001) showed statistical significance. We created two growth customized models (simple and advance) that have shown good performance in predicting fetal weight at delivery and estimated by ultrasounds. The percentage of small for gestational age (SGA) cases (P10) predicted by the two models at birth were 9.9% and 9%, and for large gestational ages (LGA) (P90) we obtained values of 90.1% and 90.3%. Also, using the fetal weights measured by ultrasounds, we obtained P10 adjusted predictions, 9.2% and 9.4%, for the simpler and advance models, respectively, which were more adjusted than the 0.4, 4.6 and 10.6 obtained using the other compared models. For an easy use of models an app and a nomogram is provided.

Conclusion:
Using new predictor variables we implemented new growth in utero model, with predictions more adjusted to our population than Spanish customized or Intergrowth 21st models with better performance for birth and ultrasound fetal weights. We propose using a prediction model that includes parental height.
Early Childhood Development Practitioners’ Information Practices through GMISP Lens: The Case of Ekurhuleni Metropolitan Municipality
Authors: Madumo Kepi , Bitso Constance 
Published: September 2018

Abstract
In the interest of developing relevant information services for ECD practitioners in Ekurhuleni Metropolitan Municipality (EMM), as ECD is one of the national priorities, a study was conducted to ascertain their information needs and information-seeking behaviour. Using Leckie, Pettigrew and Sylvain’s General Model of the Information Seeking of Professionals (GMISP) as the theoretical framework, and situated within interpretivist paradigm, the study took a qualitative approach to collect data, with the results based on group discussions and an interview with a key informant. The research focused on establishing Grade R practitioners’ information needs, with information sources they often consulted, actions and strategies used when seeking information, as well as challenges they face when seeking information. Grade R practitioners need information to increase their knowledge for optimum performance of their duties. To satisfy the demand for information, it is recommended that the EMM libraries and Gauteng Department of Education school libraries should consider a coordinated and accessible library and information service (LIS) that supports ECD practitioners. The plans and design of LIS in the EMM should accommodate the information needs expressed by the Grade R practitioners.