bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Portas fechadas no meio aberto: educação de jovens com restrição de liberdade
Authors: Rossi Koerich Bruna , Da Silva Vidal Alex 
Published: August 2019

Este artigo busca investigar de que forma se apresentam os desafios para a continuidade da trajetória escolar de jovens em cumprimento de medida socioeducativa no meio aberto, entendida como um fator de restrição de liberdade. Utiliza-se como fonte de dados relatos de acompanhamento realizados com jovens em duas unidades de execução de medidas de prestação de serviços à comunidade. Os relatos foram analisados à luz das discussões sobre estigma social, especialmente nos referenciais de Goffman, Elias, Scotson e Foucault. A análise dos relatos sugere que as portas da educação escolar fecham para aqueles jovens que carregam consigo a marca da infração juvenil, mesmo no meio aberto.
Palavras-chave: Medidas Socioeducativas; Estigma; Juventude; Educação
Revisión de estudios internacionales sobre evaluación y metodologías docentes universitarias
Authors: García Jesús N , Conde Marcial , Inciarte Alicia , Sánchez Edgardo , Marín Freddy , Garcia-Martín Judit 
Published: August 2019

En los últimos años se han venido ensayando estrategias exitosas diversas, tanto desde el contexto propio de la universidad, como desde otros contextos internacionales. Estos antecedentes empíricos, apoyados por datos impresionísticos o validados con evidencias internacionales justifican la formalización de un programa de investigación e innovación docente universitaria centrado en las competencias genéricas de lectura crítica LC y construcción textual CT. Para ello, parece pertinente el analizar estos antecedentes. Además, tres tipos de debates internacionales y muy presentes en Colombia, introducen una gran complejidad al campo, faltando evidencias empíricas contrastadas y validadas para la toma de decisiones. Por una parte, sobre los avances y las perspectivas de la evaluación (Tamayo et al., 2018); en segundo lugar, los límites y problemas que surgen con el modelo de competencias (Barnet, 2001; Díaz-Flórez, 2018) en ambos casos, con muchos debates y reflexiones sobre priorización de la calidad sobre los sistemas de evaluación o sobre el constructo de competencia (Ravitch, 2013), ello especialmente candente cuando se aborda la cuestión de la formación inicial del profesorado (preservice teachers, García-Martín & García-Sánchez, 2017) en Colombia (Arias-Gómez et al., 2018). Y por último, el debate clásico de la enseñanza activa de Dewey, el aprendizaje significativo de Ausubel, el aprendizaje por descubrimiento de Bruner, o el gran desarrollo del enfoque socio histórico cultural de Vigotsky y su pedagogía desde la ZDP y que se concreta en modelos completos de enseñanza y aprendizaje de carreras como el que sigue el aprendizaje basado en problemas ABP (Fernández et al., 2006; García, 2002); cuestión que se refleja en el informe sobre la educación superior en Colombia de la OCDE (2016). Se trata de un Proyecto de Investigación Competitivo CONV-ÍNDEX Núm. 13-2018, Código Proyecto INV. 150-01-007-13 Universidad de la Costa (Colombia) – Universidad de León (España). Evaluado por la ACAC (MEN Colombia).
Exploring the efficacy of low-level laser therapy and exercise for knee osteoarthritis
Authors: Kholvadia A , Constantinou D , Gradidge P 
Published: August 2019

Background: Knee Osteoarthritis (KOA) is a prevalent, chronic disorder with excessive functional, social and economic burdens. The goal of treatment is to alleviate the symptoms and slow the progression. Documenting the effects of exercise and LLLT as co-modalities in the management of KOA allows practitioners to implement this management tool as part of KOA rehabilitation, resulting in the earlier discharge from a supervised rehabilitation setting.
Objective: The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of low-level laser therapy (LLLT) in the treatment of knee osteoarthritis (KOA). A randomised controlled trial (RCT) was conducted on 111 participants (aged between 40-75 years) diagnosed with KOA. Participants were randomised into an exercise (n=39), LLLT (n=40), or a combined exercise-LLLT (n=32) group.
Methods: The Western Ontario and McMaster Universities Osteoarthritis Index (WOMAC) scale was used to assess pain and functionality. Knee range of motion was assessed using a goniometer, and the one-minute timed sit–to-stand test measured physical functionality at four time points: (T1) baseline, (T2) post 12-session intervention, (T3) one-month post intervention and (T4) three-month’s post intervention. Knee circumference was measured using a measuring tape.
Results: WOMAC pain and functionality scale and knee circumference scores decreased in all three groups (P<0.05), but the combined exercise-LLLT group demonstrated better outcomes than the LLLT or exercise alone groups respectively. The combined exercise-LLLT group showed better acute and long-term benefits with participants experiencing a 3.5 centimetre decrease in knee circumference, 24 point improvement in the WOMAC pain and functionality scale, and a four repetition increase in physical functionality.
Conclusion: The findings suggest that LLLT is a viable tool for managing KOA when used in conjunction with physical exercise.
Bacterial profile and antimicrobial susceptibility patterns of otitis media among children in Qatar
Authors: Buhaibeh Qasem , Dhaiban Tawfik , Alyafei Eiman , Abdulsalam Amjad Salman Al-Jundi 
Published: August 2019

Background: Otitis Media (OM) common diseases affecting children below 5 years of age with a harmful effect on their hearing and health status. Data about the bacterial profile and current antimicrobial resistance status of Otitis Media in the region is scarce. Objective of this study determine the causative organisms of Otitis Media and antimicrobial susceptibility patterns among children in a Primary Health Care Corporation (PPHC) centers, Qatar.Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted in PPHC from Jan 2016 to Dec 2017. A total of 181 patients with Otitis Media presented to PHCC centers were enrolled in the study. Socio-demographic and clinical data were documented and analysed.Results: A total of 181 children, an almost equal number of male (49.7%) and female (50.3%) participants were involved in the study. 51.4% of participants were ≤5 years of age. Bacteria isolated were: Pseudomonas Aeruginosa (27.6%), Hemophilus Influenza (13.3%), Staphylococcus Aureus (11.6%), Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus Aureus (MSRA) (11.0%), Streptococcus Pyogenes (10.5%), Streptococcus Pneumonia (6.6%), Moraxella Catarrhalis (2.2%), Klebsiella Pneumonia (0.6%). The sensitivity of Pseudomonas Aeruginosa was (100%) to cotrimoxazole, vancomycin, and piperacillin, (96%) to cefepime and gentamicin, and was (88.2%) to ciprofloxacin. MRSA sensitivity was (100%) to vancomycin, rifampicin, and teicoplanin, (89%) to clindamycin.Conclusion: Pseudomonas Aeruginosa was the most frequent isolated bacteria. An overall antimicrobial resistance pattern seen in bacteria isolates ranges from 0% to 66.7%. The antimicrobial-resistant rate was observed for Ampicillin, Augmentin, and cefuroxime whereas ciprofloxacin, cefepime, chloramphenicol, cotrimoxazole, gentamicin, vancomycin, and amikacin were found effective for the isolated resistant bacteria.
DESEMPREGO E CRIME: UMA ANÁLISE TEMPORAL PARA A REGIÃO METROPOLITANA DE PORTO ALEGRE
Authors: Santiago Anyuska Amaral , Guimarães Gabriel Sallum Pentagna 
Published: August 2019

Há inúmeros trabalhos que relacionam o desemprego, a desigualdade e a segurança pública como fatores que influenciam a taxa de criminalidade. Entretanto, são poucas as contribuições que se preocupam com erros de especificação ocasionados por variáveis omitidas ou endógenas. Evitando estes problemas, este trabalho analisa a relação entre o desemprego e a criminalidade da Região Metropolitana de Porto Alegre utilizando dados de 2002 a 2017 através do Modelo de Componentes Não Observados. Os resultados mostram que há uma relação positiva robusta entre desemprego e a taxa de roubos, sendo muito mais forte para homens do que para mulheres. Além disso, o desemprego entre os mais jovens está relacionado positivamente tanto com as taxas de roubo quanto de furto. Por outro lado, crimes violentos e crimes relacionados às drogas não foram impactados pelo desemprego.
ÍNDICE DE QUALIDADE DA ÁGUA: UMA APLICAÇÃO PARA O CENTRO-OESTE BRASILEIRO
Authors: Castro Joana D'arc bardella , Venâncio Vanessa 
Published: August 2019

Este estudo tem como objetivo verificar e avaliar o atendimento ao primeiro objetivo da lei nº 9.433 que se refere à disponibilidade e qualidade da água para seu respectivo uso. Neste contexto, em detrimento do histórico de desenvolvimento, a análise norteou o Centro-Oeste no período de 2004 a 2014, através de relatórios e diagnósticos relativos ao tema de recursos hídricos emitidos por agentes estaduais e federais. Mediante uso do método hipotético dedutivo e pesquisa documental e bibliográfica. Em um primeiro momento é realizada a apresentação da lei que originou a política pública nacional de recursos hídricos, seus desdobramentos, bem como os atores envolvidos na criação, aplicação e monitoramento. Posteriormente foi realizada uma apreciação quantitativa e qualitativa dos dados disponíveis no conceito de disponibilidade e qualidade da água. Chegou-se à conclusão de que a ausência de continuidade de programas e cronogramas, carência de políticas públicas complementares e o baixo monitoramento e aperfeiçoamento da demanda, prejudica a disponibilidade e qualidade do recurso.
Standar Penerapan Wisata Halal Bagi Pelaku Industri Pariwisata di Kota Bandung
Authors: Bernik Merita , R Indika Deru , Komala Dewi Rita 
Published: August 2019

Bandung is one of the halal tourist destinations in Indonesia. With the increasingly rapid growth of cafes and restaurants, the competition is getting tougher. One of the highlights is whether the cafÃ© and restaurant are halal certified. This becomes very important because Indonesia is one of the largest Islamic countries in the World. It is proper if halal is the main concern. The business people do not understand and realize the importance of fulfilling the halal standard set by the government. So through this community service will be carried out socialization regarding required halal tourism.

The method used in this study is the Deplat Pastisipatif which is conducting activities in the form of providing counseling and guidance on halal tourism and halal standardization on SMEs in the culinary sector in the city of Bandung, especially the Jatinangor region.

Counseling was carried out by inviting from the tourism , youth and sport agency and also the MUI. Culinary business begin to understand halal standardization and the importance of having halal certification. There is still a need for assistance to be able to implement halal tourism properly.
Research-Track Residency Programs in Orthopaedic Surgery
Authors: Mittwede Peter N. , Morales-Restrepo Alejandro , Fourman Mitchell S. , Fu Freddie H. , Lee Joon Y. , Ahn Jaimo , Egol Kenneth A. , Hogan MaCalus V. 
Published: August 2019

Background:
The importance of research in resident education has been emphasized in the orthopaedic surgery community, and a number of residency programs have incorporated a year or more of protected research time into their training. However, limited information exists as to what programs are looking for in applicants to research-track residency programs or the perceived benefits of completing such a program.

Methods:
We identified orthopaedic surgery programs that have tracks involving at least 1 year of protected research time and sent surveys to their program directors and to the 2012 through 2016 research-track graduates.

Results:
Twenty-three programs with research tracks were identified, and 19 program directors (83%) responded to the survey. The survey revealed that only 2 (11%) of these program directors were willing to accept lower scores and grades among applicants to their research track compared with their primary clinical (categorical) track. While most of the program directors (14 [74%]) preferred that applicants have an interest in academics, only a few (3 [16%]) considered it a failure if their research-track residents did not pursue academic careers. We obtained the e-mail addresses of 82 research-track graduates, and 66 (80%) responded to the survey. The survey revealed that those who went into academic careers were more likely than those who went into private practice to view completing a research track as beneficial for fellowship (73% versus 35%, respectively) and job (73% versus 22%, respectively) applications, believed that the income lost from the additional year of residency would be compensated for by opportunities gained from the research year (50% versus 17%, respectively), and said that they would pursue a research-track residency if they had to do it over again (81% versus 39%, respectively; all p values <0.05).

Conclusions:
The majority of program directors preferred that applicants to their research-track program have an interest in academics, although most did not consider it a failure if their research-track residents entered nonacademic careers. Graduates of research-track residency programs who entered academics more frequently viewed the completion of a research track as being beneficial compared with those who went into private practice.
Open Reduction and Tunneled Suspensory Device Fixation of Displaced Lateral-End Clavicular Fractures
Authors: Robinson C. Michael , Bell Katrina R. , Murray Iain R. 
Published: August 2019

Background:
Fractures of the lateral aspect of the clavicle with complete displacement have a high nonunion rate and are associated with poor functional outcomes following nonoperative treatment. Various techniques are available to treat these fractures, but preliminary studies of open reduction and tunneled suspensory device (ORTSD) fixation have shown good early functional outcomes with a low rate of complications; our goal was to assess the functional outcomes and complications in the medium term in a larger series of patients treated using this technique.

Methods:
Sixty-seven patients with displaced lateral-end clavicular fractures were treated with ORTSD fixation. Outcome was assessed with the Disabilities of the Arm, Shoulder and Hand (DASH) questionnaire and the Oxford shoulder score at 6 weeks and 3, 6, and 12 months postoperatively. Fifty-five of 64 surviving patients were subsequently contacted at a mean of 69 months (range, 27 to 120 months) postoperatively to complete DASH and Oxford shoulder scores, to evaluate their overall level of satisfaction, and to document any further complications.

Results:
At 1 year postoperatively, the mean Oxford shoulder score was 46.4 points and the mean DASH score was 2.4 points in 59 of the 67 patients assessed at this time interval. At the later follow-up (mean, 69 months), the mean Oxford shoulder score was 46.5 points and the mean DASH score was 2.2 points in the 55 surviving patients who were able to be contacted. There were no significant differences between the 1-year functional scores and those at the latest follow-up. Two patients developed a symptomatic nonunion requiring reoperation, and 2 patients developed an asymptomatic fibrous union not requiring a surgical procedure. The 5-year survival when considering only obligatory revision for implant-related complications was 97.0%.

Conclusions:
ORTSD fixation for isolated displaced lateral-end clavicular fractures in medically fit patients is associated with good functional outcomes and a low rate of complications in the medium term. Routine implant removal was not necessary.

Level of Evidence:
Therapeutic Level IV. See Instructions for Authors for a complete description of levels of evidence.
Omitting Routine Radiography of Traumatic Distal Radial Fractures After Initial 2-Week Follow-up Does Not Affect Outcomes
Authors: van Gerven P. , El Moumni M. , Zuidema W.P. , Rubinstein S.M. , Krijnen P. , van Tulder M.W. , Schipper I.B. , Termaat M.F. ,   on behalf of the Warrior-Trial Study Group
Published: August 2019

Background:
Routine radiography in the follow-up of distal radial fractures is common practice, although its usefulness is disputed. The aim of this study was to determine whether the number of radiographs in the follow-up period can be reduced without resulting in worse patient outcomes.

Methods:
In this multicenter, prospective, randomized controlled trial with a non-inferiority design, patients ≥18 years old with a distal radial fracture could participate. They were randomized between a regimen with routine radiographs at 6 and 12 weeks of follow-up (usual care) and a regimen without routine radiographs at those time points (reduced imaging). Randomization was performed using an online registration and randomization program. The primary outcome was the Disabilities of the Arm, Shoulder and Hand (DASH) score. Secondary outcomes included the Patient-Rated Wrist/Hand Evaluation (PRWHE) score, health-related quality of life, pain, and complications. Outcomes were assessed at baseline and after 6 weeks, 3 months, 6 months, and 1 year of follow-up. Data were analyzed using mixed models. Neither the patients nor the health-care providers were blinded.

Results:
Three hundred and eighty-six patients were randomized, and 326 of them were ultimately included in the analysis. The DASH scores were comparable between the usual-care group (n = 166) and the reduced-imaging group (n = 160) at all time points as well as overall. The adjusted regression coefficient for the DASH scores was 1.5 (95% confidence interval [CI] = −1.8 to 4.8). There was also no difference between the groups with respect to the overall PRWHE score (adjusted regression coefficient, 1.4 [95% CI = −2.4 to 5.2]), quality of life as measured with the EuroQol-5 Dimensions (EQ-5D) (−0.02 [95% CI = −0.05 to 0.01]), pain at rest as measured with a visual analog scale (VAS) (0.1 [95% CI = −0.2 to 0.5]), or pain when moving (0.3 [95% CI = −0.1 to 0.8]). The complication rate was similar in the reduced imaging group (11.3%) and the usual-care group (11.4%). Fewer radiographs were made for the participants in the reduced-imaging group (median, 3 versus 4; p < 0.05).

Conclusions:
This study shows that omitting routine radiography after the initial 2 weeks of follow-up for patients with a distal radial fracture does not affect patient-reported outcomes or the risk of complications compared with usual care.

Level of Evidence:
Therapeutic Level I. See Instructions for Authors for a complete description of levels of evidence.
Bone Health Optimization: Beyond Own the Bone
Authors: Anderson Paul A. , Jeray Kyle J. , Lane Joseph M. , Binkley Neil C. 
Published: August 2019

Abstract:
Worldwide, osteoporosis management is in crisis because of inadequate delivery of care, competing guidelines, and confusing recommendations. Additionally, patients are not readily accepting the diagnosis of poor bone health and often are noncompliant with treatment recommendations. Secondary fracture prevention, through a program such as Own the Bone, has improved the diagnosis and medical management after a fragility fracture. In patients who undergo elective orthopaedic procedures, osteoporosis is common and adversely affects outcomes. Bone health optimization is the process of bone status assessment, identification and correction of metabolic deficits, and initiation of treatment, when appropriate, for skeletal structural deficits. The principles of bone health optimization are similar to those of secondary fracture prevention and can be initiated by all orthopaedic surgeons. Patients who are ≥50 years of age should be assessed for osteoporosis risk and, if they are in a high-risk group, bone density should be measured. All patients should be counseled to consume adequate vitamin D and calcium and to discontinue use of any toxins (e.g., tobacco products and excessive alcohol consumption). Patients who meet the criteria for pharmaceutical therapy for osteoporosis should consider delaying surgery for a minimum of 3 months, if feasible, and begin medication treatment. Orthopaedic surgeons need to assume a greater role in the care of bone health for our patients.
Lateral Trochlear Ridge
Authors: Matache Bogdan A. , Culliton Kathryn , Chang Youjin , Cron Greg O. , Louati Hakim , Pollock J W. 
Published: August 2019

Background:
Coronal shear fractures of the distal aspect of the humerus that involve the capitellum and the trochlea are rare; nevertheless, they are difficult to treat because of the complex fracture patterns and osteochondral nature of the fragments, limiting optimal screw placement. The use of anterior-to-posterior screw fixation by a lag technique (without countersinking) could potentially improve the strength of the construct. Our primary research question was to anatomically determine if there is a non-articulating zone for screw placement along the anterior aspect of the lateral trochlear ridge (aLTR) throughout normal elbow range of motion.

Methods:
Eight fresh-frozen cadaveric elbows were used. The region of interest was defined with 3 polymeric pins inserted in the inferior, middle, and superior-most aspects of the aLTR of each elbow, with use of an extensor digitorum communis (EDC) split approach. The elbows were then mounted on a magnetic resonance imaging (MRI)-compatible compression frame and subjected to high-resolution 7-T MRI at 90°, 120°, and 145° of flexion (positions of potential impingement), and at neutral and maximal pronation and maximal supination for each position of flexion. Portions of the aLTR that had free adjacent space were identified using the sagittal and coronal scans. This non-articulating region was identified as the “non-articulating zone” (NAZ).

Results:
The NAZ was found to encompass the proximal 38.2% (range, 30.2% to 48.9%) of the aLTR, measuring, on average, 5.2 mm in width. It was consistently located either directly adjacent to the apex of the ridge or just medial to it. The distal 61.8% of the aLTR articulated with either the ulna or the radial head in some of the elbows.

Conclusions:
Our results suggest that there is a portion of the aLTR that, despite being covered with articular cartilage, is non-articulating throughout normal elbow range of motion.

Clinical Relevance:
In situations in which headless anterior-to-posterior and posterior-to-anterior screw insertion results in inadequate fixation of capitellar-trochlear fractures, anterior-to-posterior lag screw instrumentation along the non-articulating portion of the aLTR may provide a location for additional fixation in some patients. However, because of variation between patients, each case must be individualized.