bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Identification and Validation of Serum Biomarkers to Improve Colorectal Cancer Diagnosis
Authors: Yoon Minha Lea , Chun Hyelim , Lee HyunJu , Seo WooJeong , Lee Jung Young , Yoon Jung Hwan 
Published: December 2024

ABSTRACTBackgroundThe pressing need for reliable biomarkers in colorectal cancer (CRC) diagnosis and prognosis is a major global health concern. Current diagnostic methods rely heavily on invasive procedures like colonoscopy, and existing biomarkers such as Carbohydrate Antigen 19‐9 (CA19‐9) and Carcinoembryonic Antigen (CEA) exhibit limitations in accuracy and specificity.AimsThis study aims to identify and validate novel biomarkers that can enhance the early detection and diagnostic precision of CRC while overcoming the shortcomings of conventional biomarkers.Materials and MethodsLeveraging advancements in genomic and proteomic technologies, gene expression datasets were obtained from the Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) and The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA). We identified differentially expressed genes (DEGs) and conducted further analyses, including Gene Ontology (GO) enrichment and Protein‐Protein Interaction (PPI) network construction. Five promising biomarkers—INHBA, MMP7, PSAT1, SLC7A5, and TGFBI—were selected based on their robust performance in Receiver Operating Characteristic (ROC) curve analysis. Serum concentrations of these biomarkers were measured in 200 CRC patients and 100 healthy controls.ResultsThe study revealed significantly elevated expression levels of the selected biomarkers in CRC tissues compared to normal tissues. Additionally, serum concentrations of INHBA, MMP7, PSAT1, SLC7A5, and TGFBI were notably higher in CRC patients than in healthy individuals, with Area Under the Curve (AUC) values ranging from 0.8361 to 0.9869 indicating high diagnostic accuracy. Optimal cutoff values for diagnosis ranged from 38.9 pg/mL to 280.7 pg/mL, yielding sensitivity and specificity values between 74.5% and 92.9%.DiscussionThe findings underscore the potential of INHBA, MMP7, PSAT1, SLC7A5, and TGFBI as effective non‐invasive biomarkers for CRC detection. Their elevated serum concentrations and robust discriminatory abilities highlight their promise in improving diagnostic accuracy and patient outcomes compared to traditional biomarkers.ConclusionThe identification and validation of these novel biomarkers represent a significant advancement in CRC diagnosis and management. Further studies are required to validate their clinical applicability in larger cohorts and to elucidate their functional roles in CRC pathogenesis, ultimately enhancing diagnostic strategies and personalized treatment approaches.
Importance of Successful Revascularization in Acute Limb Ischemia: Sub‐Analysis From the RESCUE ALI Trial
Authors: Haraguchi Takuya , Tan Michinao , Uchida Daiki , Dannoura Yutaka , Shibata Tsuyoshi , Iwata Shuko , Azuma Nobuyoshi 
Published: December 2024

ABSTRACTBackgroundThis study aimed to assess the 1‐year clinical outcomes and predictors of technical success in acute limb ischemia (ALI) treatment.MethodsA sub‐analysis of the REtroSpective multiCenter study of endovascUlar or surgical intErvention for ALI (RESCUE ALI) study involved 185 patients with ALI and technical success (n = 131) or failure (n = 54) treated via surgical, endovascular, or hybrid revascularization between January 2015 and August 2021. The primary endpoint was 1‐year amputation‐free survival (AFS), and the secondary endpoints included preoperative complications and 1‐year reintervention.ResultsThe technical success group had a significantly higher 1‐year AFS rate than the technical failure group (79% vs. 44%, p < 0.001). Perioperative complications rate showed no significant difference between the two groups. The incidence of reintervention was lower in the technical success group (17% vs. 30%, p = 0.049). Age ≥ 80 years, time from onset ≥ 24 h, no below‐the‐knee artery runoff, and preoperative c‐reactive protein ≥ 5 mg/dL were negatively associated with technical success across all procedures. In surgical revascularization, no below‐the‐knee artery runoff was negatively associated with technical success. For endovascular revascularization, onset‐to‐treatment time ≥ 48 h was negatively related and thromboembolism in atrial fibrillation was positively related to technical success. In hybrid revascularization, supra‐ to infrapopliteal lesions were negatively associated with technical success.ConclusionsTechnical success in ALI treatment significantly enhances 1‐year AFS rates. Thus, choosing the appropriate revascularization procedure based on predictors of technical success is crucial for improving patient outcomes.
Pt Nanocatalysts Modified with Carbon Dots as Nonmetallic Promoters for Enhanced Selective Hydrogenation Performance
Authors: Zhang Tao , Luo Jing , Jiang Qian , Liang Shudong , Zhang Shaocheng , Zhao Kaili , Wang Xiaohan , Hu Shengliang , Qin Yong , Gao Zhe 
Published: December 2024

AbstractConstructing nonmetal promoter‐decorated Pt‐based catalysts is a promising strategy for enhancing selective hydrogenation performance. In this study, a set of carbon dots (CDs)‐modified Pt/SBA‐15 nanocatalysts were synthesized using atomic layer deposition (ALD) and impregnation techniques. The catalysts were characterized using various techniques, including TEM, ICP‐MS, N2 adsorption–desorption isotherms, XRD, XPS, H2−TPD, H–D exchange, CO‐DRIFTS, and so forth. The catalytic performance of the CDs‐Pt/SBA‐15 catalysts was evaluated by the selective hydrogenation reaction of cinnamaldehyde (CAL) to cinnamyl alcohol (COL). The results indicate that there is electron transfer between the CDs and Pt, and the addition of CDs can improve the hydrogen spillover effect, both of which significantly influence the selective catalytic hydrogenation performance of the CDs‐Pt/SBA‐15 catalysts. Among the tested catalysts, 0.44CDs‐Pt/SBA‐15 demonstrated the highest catalytic performance, with conversion and selectivity 2.8 times and 2.2 times higher, respectively, than Pt/SBA‐15. This study provides a new perspective on designing and preparing highly efficient nonmetallic promoter‐modified Pt‐based nanocatalysts and has significant implications for their application in catalytic reactions.
How startups create new knowledge that spark disruptive innovations
Authors: Zahra Shaker A. 
Published: December 2024

AbstractStartups play a crucial role in driving disruptive innovation by creating and introducing radically new knowledge that challenges established incumbents and reshapes industries. This article examines the key factors that influence startups' radical knowledge creation, focusing on underlying mechanisms that provide a strategic advantage. By integrating multiple frameworks—creative destruction, disruptive innovation, Blue Ocean, human capital, social networks, and entrepreneurial cognition—the article contributes to the knowledge‐based view (KBV) of the firm. It offers insights into the dynamic interplay between market and firm‐related forces that promote radical knowledge creation, fueling discovery and disruptive innovation. The findings enhance our understanding of how startups leverage both internal and external resources to generate groundbreaking ideas and transform industries.
Through the eyes of the Andean bear: Camera collar insights into the life of a threatened South American Ursid
Authors: Pillco Huarcaya Ruthmery , Whitworth Andrew , Mamani Norma , Thomas Mark , Condori Elias 
Published: December 2024

AbstractDue to Andean bears' propensity for inhabiting challenging environments and terrain, their wild ecology remains poorly understood, especially when compared to other members of the Ursidae family. In one of the steepest, wettest regions of the Andes, the Kosñipata Valley of southeastern Peru, we attached and retrieved camera‐borne collars on three wild free‐ranging Andean bears. From just one longer term camera collar deployed on a single individual over a period of 4 months, we observed a variety of rare or previously undocumented natural history observations. These include courtship and mating behaviors, social interactions with conspecifics, novel dietary items of previously unrecorded fruit consumption, cannibalism, potential infanticide, the sole documented case of primate consumption, and evidence of geophagy. The wealth of novel natural history insights gained from just 4 months of camera collar data of this poorly studied species has elucidated numerous avenues warranting further investigation.
Stochastic population models to identify optimal and cost‐effective harvest strategies for feral pig eradication
Authors: Hamnett Peter W. , Saltré Frédérik , Page Brad , Tarran Myall , Korcz Matt , Fielder Kate , Andrews Lindell , Bradshaw Corey J. A. 
Published: December 2024

AbstractEradicating feral pigs from island ecosystems can assist in restoring damaged biodiversity values and protect commercial industries such as agriculture. Although many feral pig eradications have been attempted, management decisions are often led by practitioner experience rather than empirical evidence. Few interventions have been guided by population models to identify harvest intensity necessary to achieve eradication within a specified time frame, nor have they applied data on control effort and costs to evaluate the relative cost‐effectiveness of proposed control strategies. We used effort and cost data from a feral pig‐control program on Kangaroo Island, South Australia, over 17 months to derive functional‐response relationships between control effort (in hours per pig) and pig abundance for four control methods: (1) ground‐based shooting, (2) trapping with remote triggers, (3) poison baiting, and (4) thermal‐assisted aerial culling. We developed a stochastic Leslie matrix with compensatory density feedback on survival to project population trajectories from an initial population (N0) of 250 female pigs with an estimated island‐wide carrying capacity (K) of 2500 over 3 and 10 years for populations subjected to an annual harvest of 35%–95%. We built functional‐response models to calculate annual effort and cost for six cull scenarios across all harvest rates. We derived total cost and effort over 3‐ and 10‐year projections from the sum of annual cost and effort within the projection intervals. Pig populations were reduced to <10% N0 based on harvest rates >80% and 60% for culls of 3‐ and 10‐year durations, respectively. In all scenarios above, the minimum required harvest rate and the total cost to reduce population to ≤10% of N0 decreased with increasing harvest proportion, with lower total costs incurred over 3 years compared to 10 years. The simulations suggest that the most cost‐effective approach for most scenarios is to maximize annual harvest and complete eradication effort over the shortest periods.
The dynamics of sea otter prey selection under population growth and expansion
Authors: Leach Clinton B. , Weitzman Benjamin P. , Bodkin James L. , Esler Daniel , Esslinger George G. , Kloecker Kimberly A. , Monson Daniel H. , Womble Jamie N. , Hooten Mevin B. 
Published: December 2024

AbstractSea otters (Enhydra lutris) were extirpated from much of their range in the North Pacific by the early 1900s but have made a remarkable recovery in Southeast Alaska. Sea otter populations have been particularly successful in Glacier Bay, Alaska, a protected tidewater glacier fjord with a diverse and productive nearshore habitat. Collection of sea otter foraging observations in Glacier Bay began in 1993, along with high‐resolution aerial surveys that provide estimates of sea otter abundance and distribution. We integrated these two data sources to investigate how sea otter diet changed in space and time as sea otters established and spread across Glacier Bay. Specifically, we developed a multilevel Bayesian model to capture how sea otter diet at a location (the number, type, and size of prey collected) changed as a function of local cumulative otter abundance and the year in which the location was first occupied. This framework enabled us to estimate the sequence of sea otter prey selection and switching as prey populations responded to sea otter foraging pressure. We found that local sea otter diet changed substantially as the population established, shifting away from large urchins, crabs, and clams to Modiolus mussels and small urchins, and lastly to small clams and Mytilus mussels. We also found that sea otter diet at newly occupied sites changed as otters spread over the main channel and into the arms of Glacier Bay. Further, by 2019, sea otters across the bay were primarily foraging on small prey, regardless of the local occupancy history. The absence of a spatial gradient in the size of prey captured late in the study suggests that feedbacks between the top‐down effects of sea otter foraging, sea otter dispersal processes, and local variation in habitat productivity may have homogenized the size structure of available prey across Glacier Bay.
Molecular Alloying of Three Different Organic Ligands within a Spin‐Transitional and SHG‐Active FeII‐WIV(CN)8 3‐D Coordination Framework
Authors: Kobayashi Daiki , Nagashima Shuntaro , Ohkoshi Shin‐ichi , Wang Junhao , Tokoro Hiroko 
Published: December 2024

AbstractThe effect of ligand‐based molecular alloying on spin crossover (SCO) materials has been studied using various polydentate organic ligands; however, this effect using small monodentate ligands has not been explored. To design a proper structure that can accommodate a variety of small ligands, we employed the structural matrix of a three‐dimensional cyanido‐bridged coordination framework, [FeII(Lmix)4]2[WIV(CN)8] (FeW; Lmix=a mixture of different ligands). We found that three different ligands of 4‐chloropyridine (4‐Clpy), 4‐iodopyridine (4‐Ipy), and pyrazole (pz) were able to be alloyed at the Lmix site of the FeII ion. Our obtained FeW framework had a 4‐Clpy:4‐Ipy:pz alloying ratio of 1.32 : 1.56 : 1.12 per FeII ion, and it demonstrated a gradual SCO phenomenon in response to temperature change. Furthermore, the chiral structure of FeW allows the observation of second‐harmonic generation (SHG) signal; however, the SHG signal was quite weak owing to the racemic twinning of the mirrored enantiomers. This work demonstrates that the FeII–WIV(CN)8 structural matrix provides a viable approach to investigating the molecular alloying effect of various types of small organic ligands on magneto‐optical properties.
Enhanced Thermoelectric Performance of La1.98Sr0.02Cu0.94Co0.06O4 by Multiwalled Carbon Nanotubes Addition
Authors: Saif Mohd , Tripathi D. 
Published: December 2024

ABSTRACTEffect of multiwalled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs) addition on thermoelectric properties of polycrystalline LSCCO (La1.98Sr0.02Cu0.94Co0.06O4) has been examined. The samples have been synthesized via the solid‐state reaction technique. Micro‐structural and surface morphology of the synthesized pellets have been investigated using X‐ray diffraction and Field Emission Scanning Electron Microscopy, respectively. The electrical resistivity and Seebeck coefficient of investigated pellets have been measured using a custom‐built apparatus between 300 and 450 K. Nevertheless, the transient heat transfer technique has been adopted for thermal conductivity measurement. The addition of MWCNTs significantly enhances the electrical conductivity and reduces the thermal conductivity of LSCCO. This results in a remarkable improvement in the figure of merit in spite of the reduction in Seebeck coefficient with MWCNTs addition. The maximum ZT value ~0.07 is achieved at 323 K for 0.05 wt% MWCNTs‐loaded LSCCO, which is ~28 times that of pristine LSCCO. The enhanced thermoelectric performance is attributed to the increased carrier concentration, reduced grain size, and improved interface phonon scattering due to MWCNTs addition. Our results demonstrate the potential of MWCNTs as an effective additive to enhance the thermoelectric properties of LSCCO‐based materials.
Analytical methods for starch retrogradation assessment
Authors: Chen Weiming , Xu Weibing , Junejo Shahid Ahmed , Feng Yinong , Gao Tong , Huang Qing , Jiang Yi , Zhang Bin , Jia Xiangze , Huang Qiang 
Published: December 2024

AbstractStarch retrogradation plays a critical role in determing the quality of starch‐based foods. Its accurate assessment vital for optimizing food formulations and processing techniques to maintain desired food quality. To better understand the complex processes and influencing factors of starch retrogradation, various analytical methods have been employed, including X‐ray diffraction (XRD), small‐angle X‐ray scattering (SAXS), differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), rheological methods, fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), low‐field nuclear magnetic resonance (LF‐NMR), and Raman spectroscopy. Each method has distinct working principles and operating conditions, which creates challenges in using a single technique to fully evaluate starch retrogradation. A combination of these methods has proven beneficial in providing a more comprehensive understanding. Although knowledge of starch retrogradation has expanded with these advancements, current reviews on analytical techniques remain incomplete. This review aims to systematically analyze these methods and provide valuable insights into the selection of appropriate evaluation techniques and exploring the potential for combining multiple methods to enhance starch retrogradation assessment. Additionally, the future integration of these methods with arrificial intelligence is discussed to highlight the new possibilities for improving starch retrogradation analysis.
Supporting New Ways of Working for Social Workers Through High Performance Work Practices: Sustaining Professional Identity
Authors: Currie Graeme , Bharatan Ila , Mahesh Sharanya , Miller Robin 
Published: December 2024

ABSTRACTIn our study, we examine implementation of strength‐based practice (SBP) that invokes a new way of working for social workers in England. We note two antecedent conditions to support new ways of working. First, hybrid managers, who combine professional and organizational perspectives, act as a conduit for implementation of new ways of working through supporting implementation of high performance work practices (HPWPs). Second, the financial context faced by social care providers influences whether new ways of working, and HPWPs associated with this, aim to improve productivity, or enhance capability and commitment of social workers. We identify three HPWPs that support the new way of working because they align with professional identity of social workers. First, hybrid manager jobs were designed to afford opportunity for recruitment of appropriately able social workers to enact strategic influence over SBP implementation. Second, intervention to support peer‐to‐peer learning enhanced the ability of social workers to deliver SBP, and also motivated social workers toward SBP implementation because they retained professional autonomy in developing their practice. Third, performance management intervention was developmental rather than judgmental, designed to enhance ability of social workers to deliver SBP. Similar to the peer learning intervention, it remained within control of social workers, hence motivated them to engage with SBP.
Factors Associated With Feeling Ashamed of Disclosure of HIV‐Positive Status Among Women Who Self‐Reported to Health Facilities for HIV Testing in Kenya: Analysis of 2022 Kenya Demographic and Health Survey
Authors: Isiko Isaac , Taremwa Kelly , Nyegenye Simon , Mwesigwa Aaron , Mutebi Reagan Muwanga , Okoro Lenz Nwachinemere , Edet Eneh Nchiek , Koech Catherine Chepkoskei , Gadzama Bulus Naya , Asingwire Jackson Micheal 
Published: December 2024

ABSTRACTBackgroundThis study aimed to determine the factors associated with feeling ashamed of disclosing HIV‐positive status among females who self‐reported to health facilities for HIV testing in Kenya.MethodThis study used the Kenya Demographic Health Survey data set for 2022. A total of 18,506 women aged 15–49 years were selected from the sample clusters; 13,815 had ever tested for HIV and 332 had positive results for HIV. The chi‐squared test was applied to determine the association between the selected variables of interest and the outcome variable. Furthermore, to identify the explanatory variables that were associated with the outcome variable of interest, logistic binary regression was performed. A p > 0.05 and all statistical analyses were conducted using Microsoft Excel (xlsx) and STATA15.ResultsThe analysis included 332 women who had tested positive during the survey out of which 125(38%) women agreed to have felt ashamed to disclose their HIV+ status. Agreed to stigma (AOR = 1.92, 95% CI: 1.15, 3.22; p < 0.05) and being intimidated by health workers (AOR = 2.49, 95% CI: 1.05, 5.93; p < 0.05) were significantly associated with feeling ashamed of disclosing HIV+ status. The remaining variables, such as age category, residence, marital status, educational attainment, total number of children born, access to information, sex partners excluding spouses in the last 12 months, and number of lifetime sex partners, were not associated with feeling ashamed.ConclusionHealth stigmatization and intimidation Stigmatization had an almost two‐fold likelihood of causing shame in the disclosure of HIV status among females with HIV who were studied.
Capitonnage Versus Non‐Capitonnage in Pediatric Pulmonary Hydatid Disease: A Systematic Review and Meta‐Analysis
Authors: Boozhmehrani Mohammad Javad , Bahreiny Seyed Sobhan , Bastani Mohammad Navid , Amraei Mahdi , Mansouri Zahra , Kazemzadeh Razieh , Farhadi Majid , Hoseinnejad Akbar , Pirsadeghi Ali , Asadi Zahra , Bighamian Afshin , Eslami Gilda 
Published: December 2024

ABSTRACTBackground and AimPulmonary hydatid disease, caused by Echinococcus granulosus, presents significant clinical challenges, particularly in pediatric populations. Surgical intervention remains the gold standard for treatment, with various techniques employed, including capitonnage and non‐capitonnage methods. This systematic review and meta‐analysis evaluates the efficacy and safety of capitonnage compared to non‐capitonnage techniques in children.MethodsThis systematic review and meta‐analysis followed the PRISMA guidelines to ensure methodological rigor. A comprehensive literature search was conducted across PubMed, Web of Science, and Scopus databases to identify relevant studies. To assess pooled event rates and corresponding 95% confidence intervals for both complications and cure rates, we employed a random‐effects model, allowing for variability among study populations. All statistical analyses were conducted using Comprehensive Meta‐Analysis software (version 3.7).ResultsThirteen studies met the established inclusion criteria for analysis. The overall complication rate was 46%, with significantly lower rates in the capitonnage group (24%) compared to the non‐capitonnage group (58%). The cure rate was higher in the capitonnage group (83.5%) than in the non‐capitonnage group (65.2%). Meta‐regression analysis indicated that complication rates were influenced by cyst diameter, study publication date, mean age, and type of surgery.ConclusionThe findings suggest that capitonnage is associated with better outcomes in terms of lower complication rates and higher cure rates. This evidence supports the use of capitonnage as a preferred surgical technique for managing pulmonary hydatid disease in children. Further research is recommended to explore the long‐term outcomes and potential benefits of combining surgical and pharmacological treatments.