bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Saying Sayonara to the Farm: Hierarchical Bayesian Modeling of Farm Exits in Japan
Authors: Ramsey A. Ford , Ghosh Sujit K. , Sonoda Tadashi 
Published: September 2018

AbstractOff‐farm employment opportunities are thought to have an effect on farm exit rates, though evidence on the sign of this effect has been mixed. Examining this issue in the context of Japanese agriculture, we find that farm exits are related to off‐farm income as a share of household income, and more specifically to the nature of off‐farm work. Two econometric models are developed: a hierarchical Bayesian linear model and a hierarchical Bayesian Poisson model. Both models perform well in predicting exit rates across the towns and prefectures of Japan.
Study of Color Laser Printer and Photocopier Class Using a Pattern Location Measurement Method
Authors: Li Jiang‐Chun , Li Biao , Han Xing‐Zhou , Han Wei , Fang Fang 
Published: September 2018

AbstractA trace code pattern location measurement approach is proposed. It includes a method that can precisely extract the trace code pattern to identify the color laser printer or photocopier class. In this study, we collected 379 samples from 15 brands, including 129 models and 196 printers or photocopiers. The trace code pattern class is identified. Four class characteristics are used to identify the print source: (i) the relation between the pattern and print output direction; (ii) observation of the shape features from among the trace code pattern units; (iii) the feature arrangement from among the trace code pattern units; and (iv) the arrangement relation of the trace code pattern. Blind testing shows that the accuracy of the proposed method is approximately 96.9% for the Questioned Document Examiners, and 84.3% in the non‐Questioned Document Examiners. It is thus an effective technique for determining a print's color laser printer or photocopier source class.
Prokaryotic niche partitioning between suspended and sinking marine particles
Authors: Duret Manon T. , Lampitt Richard S. , Lam Phyllis 
Published: September 2018

SummarySuspended particles are major organic carbon substrates for heterotrophic microorganisms in the mesopelagic ocean (100–1000 m). Nonetheless, communities associated with these particles have been overlooked compared with sinking particles, the latter generally considered as main carbon transporters to the deep ocean. This study is the first to differentiate prokaryotic communities associated with suspended and sinking particles, collected with a marine snow catcher at four environmentally distinct stations in the Scotia Sea. Amplicon sequencing of 16S rRNA gene revealed distinct prokaryotic communities associated with the two particle‐types in the mixed‐layer (0–100 m) and upper‐mesopelagic zone (mean dissimilarity 42.5% ± 15.2%). Although common remineralising taxa were present within both particle‐types, gammaproteobacterial Pseudomonadales and Vibrionales, and alphaproteobacterial Rhodobacterales were found enriched in sinking particles up to 32‐fold, while Flavobacteriales (Bacteroidetes) favoured suspended particles. We propose that this niche‐partitioning may be driven by organic matter properties found within both particle‐types: K‐strategists, specialised in the degradation of complex organic compounds, thrived on semi‐labile suspended particles, while generalists r‐strategists were adapted to the transient labile organic contents of sinking particles. Differences between the two particle‐associated communities were more pronounced in the mesopelagic than in the surface ocean, likely resulting from exchanges between particle‐pools enabled by the stronger turbulence.
Patient Uncertainty as a Predictor of 30‐day Return Emergency Department Visits: An Observational Study
Authors: Rising Kristin L. , LaNoue Marianna D. , Gerolamo Angela M. , Doty Amanda M.B. , Gentsch Alexzandra T. , Powell Rhea E. 
Published: September 2018

AbstractObjectiveThe objective was to examine the relationship between patient uncertainty at the time of emergency department (ED) discharge as measured by the “Uncertainty Scale” (U‐Scale) and 30‐day return ED visits. We hypothesized that a higher score on the U‐Scale predicts a higher likelihood of a 30‐day return ED visit.MethodsThis was a cross‐sectional single‐site pilot study performed with adult patients discharged from an urban academic ED to assess the relationship of U‐Scale total and subscale scores with 30‐day return ED visits. We collected demographic and U‐Scale scores at the time of ED discharge and subsequent 30‐day ED utilization data by follow‐up telephone call.ResultsNo association was found between the total U‐Scale score and subsequent ED utilization. Patients with higher uncertainty on the Treatment Quality subscale of the U‐Scale had higher odds of a 30‐day return ED visit (adjusted odds ratio [AOR] = 1.16), while patients with lower uncertainty on the Decision to Seek Care subscale had higher odds of a 30‐day return ED visit (AOR = 0.68).ConclusionPatient uncertainty as measured by the U‐Scale total score was not predictive of subsequent ED utilization. However, uncertainty related to treatment quality and the decision to seek care as measured by the U‐Scale subscales may be important in predicting repeat ED utilization. Unlike individual patient factors such as age and race that have been associated with frequent ED visits in prior studies, these domains of uncertainty are potentially modifiable. Providers and health systems may successfully prevent recurrent acute care encounters through implementation of interventions designed to address patient uncertainty. Further work is needed to refine the U‐Scale and test its predictive utility among a larger patient cohort.
Morphological variation associated with dispersal capacity in a tree‐killing bark beetleDendroctonus ponderosaeHopkins
Authors: Shegelski Victor A. , Evenden Maya L. , Sperling Felix A. H. 
Published: September 2018

AbstractIntrinsic factors influencing the dispersal of insect pests during outbreaks are poorly understood, yet these factors need to be quantified to parameterize dispersal in models that predict population spread. The present study related wing and body morphology of female mountain pine beetles (Dendroctonus ponderosae) to flight distance, as measured by flight mill bioassays.Beetles that flew long distances (> 11 km) had a greater body weight and larger wings than beetles that flew short distances (< 1 km). These heavier female beetles should also be more capable pioneers because other studies have shown that body weight is positively correlated with lipid content.Wing and body morphology of females are significant predictors of flight distance; heavy beetles with large wings generally flew further than smaller beetles, although this relationship is heteroscedastic. Dispersion of flight distance values increases with wing loading (weight/wing area) as a result of a cohort of ‘lazy’ individuals that fly short distances (< 1 km) regardless of flight phenotype.The observed morphology explained less than 20% of the variation in flight capacity, indicating a substantial contribution from other intrinsic factors that remain to be investigated. The present study may have implications for dispersal modelling, providing estimates of flight capacity using morphological measurements.
A different ultrastructural face of ribbon synapses in the rat retina
Authors: Pałasz Artur , Mielańczyk Łukasz , Matysiak Natalia , Segovia Yolanda , Savchyna Mariia , Mordecka‐Chamera Kinga , Worthington John J. 
Published: September 2018

AbstractRibbon synapses located exclusively within retinal, cochlear and vestibular connections belong to the most interesting cellular structures but their molecular nature and functions had remained unclear. The study has provided a descriptive morphological analysis of rat eye ribbon synapses using high‐resolution transmission electron microscopy (TEM). An original collection of untypical, rarely present in the literature sagittal or tangential sections through the single RIBEYE domain of the particular ribbon have been delivered.
Editorial: interferon‐free DAAs are a great boon for patients with hepatitis C and cryoglobulinaemia—Authors’ reply
Authors: Zignego Anna Linda , Lorini Serena , Gragnani Laura 
Published: September 2018

Linked ContentThis article is linked to Gragnani et al and Atsukawa and Tsubota papers. To view these articles visit https://doi.org/10.1111/apt.14845 and https://doi.org/10.1111/apt.14899.
Extracorporeal treatments in poisonings from four non‐traditionally dialysed toxins (acetaminophen, digoxin, opioids and tricyclic antidepressants): A combined single‐centre and national study
Authors: Campion Gabriel H. , Wang Josh J. , Hoffman Robert S. , Cormier Monique , Lavergne Valéry , Mowry James B. , Roberts Darren M. , Ghannoum Marc , Su Mark K. , Gosselin Sophie 
Published: September 2018

AbstractThe use of extracorporeal treatments (ECTRs) for poisonings with four non‐traditionally dialysed toxins (NTDTs) is increasing in the United States. This study evaluated whether ECTRs are prescribed for toxin removal or the treatment of other medical illnesses or complications. We performed a 2‐Phase retrospective analysis evaluating the main indication for ECTRs in patients with poisoning from a NTDT (defined for this study as acetaminophen, opioids, tricyclic antidepressants (TCAs) or digoxin) and ECTR. The first phase assessed all cases from a single site (New York City Poison Control Center) between the years 2000 and 2016, and the second phase surveyed all United States Poison Control Centers (PCCs). In Phase 1, demographics, toxin ingested and main indication for ECTR were extracted. In Phase 2, a query to the National Poison Data System using the a pragmatic subset of inclusion criteria from Phase 1 restricted to single toxin ingestions over a narrower time frame (2014‐2016) provided the cases for study. A structured online questionnaire was sent to all United States PCCs to request their database review regarding the indication for ECTR for their cases. In Phase 1, 92 cases met inclusion criteria. In Phase 2, 519 cases were screened and 425 met inclusion criteria. In Phase 1 91/92 (98.9%) and Phase 2 411/425 (96.7%), of extracorporeal treatments were used to treat underlying medical conditions or poisoning‐related complications rather than accelerate toxin removal. The increasing number of ECTRs reported in patients who ingested one of the four NTDTs thus appears to be for medical indications rather than attempts at toxin removal, a distinction that is important.
Tension‐free vaginal tape‐obturator for the treatment of stress urinary incontinence: a 12‐year prospective follow‐up
Authors: Zhang Ye , Song Xiaochen , Zhang Zhibo , Mao Meng , Ai Fangfang , Kang Jia , Zhu Lan 
Published: September 2018

ObjectiveTo evaluate the long‐term safety and effectiveness of inside–out transobturator tape (tension‐free vaginal tape‐obturator, TVT‐O) for the treatment of stress urinary incontinence (SUI).Patients and MethodsBetween August 2004 and August 2006, 87 consecutive patients with SUI who underwent TVT‐O were enrolled in this prospective cohort study. Patients with mixed UI, or pelvic organ prolapse requiring surgery, were excluded. Data relating to long‐term postoperative complications, subjective satisfaction rate (Patient Global Impression of Improvement), objective cure rate (stress test), quality of life (QoL), and sexual function, were collected during follow‐up. The Incontinence Impact Questionnaire (IIQ‐7) and Pelvic Organ Prolapse/Urinary Incontinence Sexual Questionnaire (PISQ‐12) were used to assess QoL and sexual function, respectively. Statistical analyses were performed using paired‐sample t‐tests.ResultsAt the 12‐year follow‐up, 73 patients (84%) were available for evaluation. Overall, the long‐term complication rate was 45.2%. De novo overactive bladder was observed in 12.3% of patients. None of the patients reported severe voiding dysfunction that required treatment by tape removal or catheterisation. However, 16 patients (16/73, 21.9%) had voiding changes compared with their preoperative status. Persistent groin pain was reported in 1.4% of the patients, and tape exposure occurred in 5.5%. The subjective satisfaction rate and objective cure rate were 80.8% and 82.2%, respectively. Compared with preoperative scores, the IIQ‐7 score decreased significantly (P < 0.05), whilst there was no significant difference in the PISQ‐12 score (P = 0.893).ConclusionsThis 12‐year follow‐up study showed that TVT‐O is a highly effective procedure for the treatment of SUI. The long‐term complication rate appears to be slightly high, which should raise concern.
Effect of vitamin D supplementation along with weight loss diet on meta‐inflammation and fat mass in obese subjects with vitamin D deficiency: A double‐blind placebo‐controlled randomized clinical trial
Authors: Lotfi‐Dizaji Lida , Mahboob Soltanali , Aliashrafi Soodabeh , Vaghef‐Mehrabany Elnaz , Ebrahimi‐Mameghani Mehrangiz , Morovati Ashti 
Published: September 2018

AbstractBackground & AimsLow serum 25‐hydroxyvitamin D (25OHD) is common in obese people. Obesity is associated with a state of low‐grade inflammation (meta‐inflammation). There is an increasing evidence indicating that vitamin D has anti‐adipogenic activity and immunoregulatory effect. This study aimed to assess the effect of vitamin D supplementation on meta‐inflammation and fat mass in obese subjects with vitamin D deficiency.Materials and methodsIn this double‐blind placebo‐controlled randomized clinical trial, 44 obese subjects with vitamin D deficiency (25OHD < 50 nmol/L) were assigned into vitamin D (a weight reduction diet + bolus weekly dose of 50 000 IU vitamin D) or placebo group (weight reduction diet + edible paraffin weekly) for 12 weeks. Weight, fat mass and serum levels of 25OHD, calcium, parathyroid hormone (PTH), monocyte chemoattractant protein‐1 (MCP‐1), interleukin‐1β (IL‐1β) and Toll‐like receptor 4 (TLR4) were assessed before and after the intervention.ResultsVitamin D supplementation resulted in significant increase of serum 25OHD level (P < 0.001), and significant decrease in PTH (P < 0.001), MCP‐1 (P < 0.05), IL‐1β (P < 0.05) and TLR‐4 (P < 0.05); compared to the baseline values in vitamin D group. Weight, BMI and fat mass decreased in both groups (P < 0.05). Between the groups, there were significant decrease in weight, fat mass, serum MCP‐1 and PTH concentrations and significant increase in serum 25OHD concentrations after intervention with vitamin D supplementation compared to placebo (P < 0.05).ConclusionsImprovement in vitamin D status in obese subjects with vitamin D deficiency in combination with weight loss diet resulted in weight, fat mass and MCP‐1 decrease. Weight loss and vitamin D supplementation may act synergistically to reduce levels of meta‐inflammation.
Traumatic dental injury incidence of unseen children
Authors: Oner Ozdas Didem , Zorlu Sevgi , Karataban Pinar K. 
Published: September 2018

AbstractBackground/AimsThere is a lack of information about the incidence of dental trauma in Turkish children with disabilities and those in detention centers. The aim of this study was to investigate the occurrence of dental trauma in two groups estimated to have high‐potential risk, young prisoners and disabled children, compared with healthy peers.Materials and methodsA total of 530 children were included in the study. The participants were divided into three groups: Disability Group (n=238), Imprisoned Children Group (n=231) and school children (n=61) as the Control Group. The occurrence of dental trauma was evaluated according to age and gender. Statistical evaluations were done by using SPSS statistics‐22 programme.ResultsThe mean age of all participants was 14.85 ± 3.43 years. Males predominated (75.8%). In the Imprisoned Children Group, not only maxillary and mandibular incisors but also canines had dental trauma. Time of imprisonment and education level did not have any significant effect on dental trauma occurrence among children in detention centers. In the Disability Group, the disability type did not have any significant effect. In the Control Group, maxillary central incisors were the most traumatized teeth. The incidence of dental trauma was 11.3% in the Imprisoned Children Group, 4.6% in the Disability Group, and 9.8% in the Control Group. There was a significant difference among the three groups (p:0.027; p<0.05).ConclusionDental trauma incidence may differ among disabled, imprisoned, and healthy children. Hence, children from different parts of the community should be included in epidemiological studies to provide a more accurate incidence of dental trauma.
1968 – Year of Shame, Year of Grace
Authors: Oestreicher Paul 
Published: September 2018

AbstractThey year 1968 was the year of the student protests; the year when the Vietnam War and the Chinese cultural revolution were at their height; the year of the Prague spring and Christian–Marxist dialogue before these movements were suppressed by the Soviet invasion; the year in which Martin Luther King and Bobby Kennedy were assassinated; the year in which Latin American Catholic bishops met in Medellín and broke new theological ground; the year in which the South African Council of Churches issued an anti‐apartheid message to the people of South Africa. Looking back at this patchwork of events 50 years later, so much has changed since then, but so much that was augured in 1968 still remains to be changed.
Making All Things New
Authors: Mulhall Thomas A. 
Published: September 2018

AbstractThe relationship between the civil rights movement and the World Council of Churches was personified in the links between Martin Luther King Jr and Eugene Carson Blake, both of whom were known for heightening the spirit of prophetic Christianity through their involvements in the ecumenical movement and the mounting struggles against global poverty and the Vietnam War. As 2018 marks the 50th anniversary of the Uppsala assembly and King's assassination, this article focuses on the contributions of King and Blake to the kind of ecumenical movement that united peoples of faith in cooperative, concrete efforts to eliminate racism, poverty, and war. The central argument is that these joint efforts were still unfolding at the time of King's untimely death.
The Movement of May 1968 and Theology in Latin America
Authors: Gebara Ivone 
Published: September 2018

AbstractLatin American liberation theology has almost never seen itself as an expression of or in direct relation to the international student movements of May 1968. Nevertheless, from today's perspective, one can say that what was called liberation theology was a web of relationships of many movements and events. It was undoubtedly part of the enormous worldwide movements of the 1960s, interacting with the various expressions of struggle for cultural and political liberation that manifested themselves in many different forms in different parts of the world. The same can be said about feminist liberation theology in Latin America, which emerged a few years later. Latin American feminist theology, however, unlike liberation theology, has never been concerned with making a claim of originality, nor has it struggled to be recognized as a typical Latin American way of thinking and movement. It is part of the tradition of the liberating spirit of the past and the present in its different forms, including the legacy of 1968.
Theology and Politics in Contemporary Greece
Authors: Moschos Dimitrios 
Published: September 2018

AbstractThis article examines the interaction between theology and politics in the case of the “theology of the 1960s,” a theological renewal movement that emerged in Greece in the 1960s, accompanied by the call for a “return to the Fathers.” The first part of the paper seeks to describe the position of the theology of the 1960s toward politics, while the second considered the position of politics after 1974 toward the theology of the 1960s. It concludes that there was a partial instrumentalization of the theology of the 1960s for tactical political ends. This was a missed opportunity leading to politics becoming devoid of all spiritual content, while theology lost its feedback from social experience and its penetration into society. The article concludes by making several suggestions for the tasks that lie ahead, including the need to cultivate a critical history of the political intervention and the social role of Orthodox theology, and to expand the issues that concern Orthodox theology, such as anthropology or cosmology, to embrace questions of the role of the meaning of history and progressive change in human society.
Behold … All Things New: Uppsala 1968 and Its Mediatization as Film
Authors: Hannig Nicolai 
Published: September 2018

AbstractThe 4th Assembly of the World Council of Churches (WCC) in 1968 occurred during a period of increasing influence of the media in shaping society and culture. The documentary film Behold … All Things New, produced by Radio Sweden for the WCC's 1968 assembly in Uppsala, reflected this development. It was, however, both a promotional tool for the church and a sort of documentary. This article analyzes the film from the context of church media relations, examining the strengthened mediatization of the religious arena in the 20th century and giving close attention to the circumstances of the film's production, its narrative techniques, and visual realization. In this way, the film is made accessible as a historical source for the WCC and thus also for the history of the globalization of churches. The film places into perspective the connection between mediatization and secularization, as it represents the churches' integration into modern media society with all of its visual symbols of globality, ecumenism, and willingness to enter into dialogue.