bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Can Weightbearing Computed Tomography Scans Be Used to Diagnose Subtalar Joint Instability? A Cadaver Study
Authors: Krähenbühl Nicola , Burssens Arne , Davidson Nathan P. , Allen Chelsea McCarty , Henninger Heath B. , Saltzman Charles L. , Barg Alexej 
Published: July 2019

ABSTRACTChronic hindfoot instability is a frequent problem that includes the ankle and/or the subtalar joint. While ankle joint instability can be diagnosed clinically, accurate assessment of the subtalar joint remains elusive. This study's purpose was to assess the ability of weightbearing computed tomography (CT) scans to detect subtalar joint instability. Seven pairs of fresh frozen male cadavers (tibial plateau to toe‐tip) were tested. A radiolucent frame held specimens in a plantigrade position while non‐weightbearing and weightbearing CT scans (with and without torque application) were taken. First, intact ankles (Native) were scanned. Second, one specimen from each pair underwent interosseous talo‐calcaneal ligament (ITCL) transection, while the contralateral underwent calcaneo‐fibular ligament (CFL) transection. Third, the remaining intact ITCL or CFL was transected. Finally, the deltoid ligament was transected in all ankles. Eight radiographic measurements were performed to assess the congruency of the subtalar joint on digitally reconstructed radiographs and single CT images. Axial loading did not impact most measurements, whereas torque did impact most measurements. Radiographic measurements performed at the subtalar joint level were more reliable and better predictors for subtalar joint instability compared with measurements performed at the ankle joint level. While torque application is crucial to identify subtalar joint instability, axial load application should be avoided. Measurements to assess the subtalar joint stability should primarily be performed at the subtalar joint level rather than at the ankle joint level when using weightbearing CT scans. © 2019 Orthopaedic Research Society. Published by Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Orthop Res 37:2457–2465, 2019
Raman spectroscopic screening of cyanobacterial chasmoliths from crystalline gypsum—The Messinian crisis sediments from Southern Sicily
Authors: Jehlička Jan , Culka Adam , Mareš Jan 
Published: July 2019

AbstractThis study shows the first results on Raman spectroscopic investigations of pigments from cyanobacterial endolithic colonisations in gypsum of Messinian age (Miocene). Gypsum from outcrops of sedimentary series close to Eraclea Minoa (Sothern Sicily) is sometimes inhabited by endoliths. Raman spectroscopic investigations allow to specify type of colonisation through identification of their pigments. Coccoid cyanobacteria (Chroococcidiopsis sp., Gloeocapsopsis pleurocapsoides, Gloeocapsa compacta, and Synechococcus sciophilus), filamentous heterocytous Nostoc sp., and filamentous bundle‐forming Symplocastrum cf. aurantiacum and Microcoleus sp. were found to inhabit different parts of the gypsum samples. Carotenoids (as assumed frequently β‐carotene) are produced in all the samples studied (optimised detection using 514‐nm excitation), scytonemin in the samples colonised by G. pleurocapsoides (G1, G2, and G6), and phycobiliproteins in the sample G3 (those detected using 785‐nm excitation). This study is the first initiative to collect better knowledge on detecting biomarker traces in the frame of Messinian‐age gypsum sequence of relevance for old Martian environments.
The suitability of rare earth elements for geographical traceability of tea leaves
Authors: Zhao Haiyan , Yang Qingli 
Published: July 2019

AbstractBACKGROUNDRare earth elements (REEs) have been used for the identification of the geographical origins of an increasing number of foods. This study analyzed the effects of geographical origin, harvest season, variety, and their interactions on REEs in tea leaves to investigate whether REEs were suitable for geographical identification of tea leaves. Tea leaves of different varieties and the corresponding soils were collected in different seasons from different areas of China. The concentrations of 14 REEs in tea leaves and soils were determined, and then analyzed with one‐way analysis of variance (ANOVA), multi‐way ANOVA, correlation analysis, and linear discriminant analysis.RESULTSAll factors significantly affected the contents of REEs in tea leaves. The concentrations of REEs in tea leaves were related to those in provenance soils. However, the concentrations of most REEs in tea leaves were primarily affected by the harvest season.CONCLUSIONSeasonal variations should be considered when REE fingerprinting is applied for the identification of tea for authentication purposes. © 2019 Society of Chemical Industry
Synergistic effects of ascorbic acid and plant‐derived ceramide to enhance storability and boost antioxidant systems of postharvest strawberries
Authors: Zhao Haonuan , Liu Shiwen , Chen Maogang , Li Jing , Huang Dandan , Zhu Shuhua 
Published: July 2019

AbstractBACKGROUNDExcessive reactive oxygen species (ROS) may attack biological macromolecules and induce oxidative stress. The inhibition by ascorbic acid (AsA) on oxidative damage has been reported in fruits, while the barrier effect of ceramide has also been proven. However, there are few reports about the effects of ceramide–AsA interactions to enhance storability and boost antioxidant systems in fruits during storage. This study was conducted to study the synergistic effects of AsA in combination with ceramide on the quality of postharvest strawberry (Fragaria anannasa cv. Tianbao).RESULTSTreatment with 100 mg L−1 AsA plus 1.2 mmol L−1 ceramide significantly delayed the rot of strawberries, reduced the water loss and the contents of ROS, malonaldehyde (MDA), and proline, however, increased the contents of total flavonoids, total phenols, and anthocyanins compared with other treatments. Also, treatment with 100 mg L−1 AsA plus 1.2 mmol L−1 ceramide significantly increased the activities of peroxidase (POD) and superoxide dismutase (SOD) but inhibited the activity of polyphenol oxidase (PPO).CONCLUSIONIt is suggested that treatment with 100 mg L−1 AsA plus 1.2 mmol L−1 ceramide could significantly reduce the oxidative damage and maintain the storage quality of strawberries during storage by enhancing the antioxidant systems. © 2019 Society of Chemical Industry
Egg yolk phospholipids: a functional food material to generate deep‐fat frying odorants
Authors: Chen De‐Wei , Balagiannis Dimitrios P , Parker Jane K 
Published: July 2019

AbstractBACKGROUNDPhospholipids are an important precursor for the generation of carbonyl compounds that play a significant role in the characteristic aroma of deep‐fat fried foods.RESULTSPhospholipids extracted from hen egg yolks were added into sunflower oil (2.0 g kg−1) and heated with or without chicken meat at 160 °C for 10 min, and then dynamic headspace extraction and gas chromatography–mass spectrometry were used to extract and analyse the volatiles. The results showed that the characteristic deep‐fat frying odorants, such as (E,E)‐2,4‐decadienal and (E,Z)‐2,4‐decadienal, as well as 1‐octen‐3‐one, (E)‐2‐nonenal, octanal, methional, dimethyl disulfide and alkylpyrazines, had increased by 3–65 times in the sunflower oil with added phospholipids, and increased up to six times in chicken meat that had been treated with phospholipids prior to heating.CONCLUSIONThere is potential for the food industry to use low levels of phospholipids, particularly egg yolk phospholipids, to increase deep‐fat frying odorants in a wide range of deep‐fried products. © 2019 Society of Chemical Industry
The spillover effects of tourism receipts, political risk, real exchange rate, and trade indicators in Turkey
Authors: Alola Uju Violet , Cop Serdar , Adewale Alola Andrew 
Published: July 2019

AbstractIn examining the spillover effects of tourism receipts and the uncertainty‐induced factors in Turkey, this study examines the spillover effects of tourism receipts and related sources of uncertainties from trade‐ and political‐related factors. Using the novelty of Diebold and Yilmaz “Better to give than to receive: Predictive directional measurement of volatility spillovers” approach, the study reveals that tourism receipts have a net spillover of 4.1%, thus indicating that the country's tourism industry received a significant shock. Spillover effects from other variables are observed, thus suggesting a hedging policy mechanism for the country's tourism sector.
Effect of high‐pressure treatment prior to enzymatic hydrolysis on rheological, thermal, and antioxidant properties of lentil protein isolate
Authors: Ahmed Jasim , Mulla Mehrajfatema , Al‐Ruwaih Noor , Arfat Yasir Ali 
Published: July 2019

AbstractThe objective of the present work was to assess the effectiveness of high‐pressure (HP) treatment on the enzymatic hydrolysis of lentil protein (LP) in order to improve functionality and antioxidant activity of hydrolysates. LP dispersions were subjected to HP treatment in the selected pressure levels (300, 450, and 600 MPa for 15 min) prior to hydrolysis with alcalase (0.5% and 1%, w/w). The postprocess samples were analyzed to assess the impact of pressure treatment on denaturation, the degree of hydrolysis (DH), and antioxidant activity of hydrolysate. HP treatment improved the %DH of the LPI (p ≤ 0.05). The HP‐assisted alcalase hydrolysis imparted significant changes on the secondary structure of protein with a shift of amide I and amide II bands. The hydrolysis of LP was further confirmed by a significant drop on the enthalpy (ΔH) values in the DSC endothermic peaks and decreasing the steady shear viscosity. The pressurized protein hydrolysates attained an improvement in the foaming properties (≈1.5 times) and antioxidant activities (≈2 times) than the control hydrolysates. However, a detrimental effect was pronounced on the emulsifying activity and stability index, foam stability, and water holding capacity. These results could be useful for food industries to develop products using hydrolysates as protein supplements.
Value of in vivo α‐synuclein deposits in Parkinson's disease: A systematic review and meta‐analysis
Authors: Tsukita Kazuto , Sakamaki‐Tsukita Haruhi , Tanaka Kanta , Suenaga Toshihiko , Takahashi Ryosuke 
Published: July 2019

AbstractPrevious studies that have investigated the potential of in vivo abnormal α‐synuclein deposits as a pathological biomarker for PD included few participants and reported different diagnostic accuracies. Here, we aimed to confirm the diagnostic value of in vivo α‐synuclein deposits in PD through a systematic review and meta‐analysis, with special emphasis on determining the tissue most suitable for examination and assessing whether anti‐native α‐synuclein or anti‐phosphorylated α‐synuclein antibodies should be used. Databases were searched on December 30, 2018. We finally included 41 case‐control studies that examined in vivo tissue samples using anti‐native α‐synuclein or anti‐phosphorylated α‐synuclein antibody in PD patients and controls. Using a univariate random‐effects model, pooled sensitivity and specificity (95% confidence interval) of anti‐native α‐synuclein antibody were 0.54 (0.49‐0.60) and 0.72 (0.68‐0.76) for the gastrointestinal tract and 0.76 (0.60‐0.89) and 0.60 (0.43‐0.74) for the skin. Pooled sensitivity and specificity (95% confidence interval) of anti‐phosphorylated α‐synuclein antibody were 0.43 (0.37‐0.48) and 0.82 (0.78‐0.86) for the gastrointestinal tract, 0.76 (0.69‐0.82) and 1.00 (0.98‐1.00) for the skin, 0.42 (0.26‐0.59) and 0.94 (0.84‐0.99) for the minor salivary glands, and 0.66 (0.51‐0.79) and 0.96 (0.86‐1.00) for the submandibular glands. Although ubiquitous heterogeneity between the included studies should be noted when interpreting our results, our analyses demonstrated the following: (1) in vivo α‐synuclein immunoreactivity has the potential as a pathological biomarker for PD; (2) anti‐phosphorylated α‐synuclein antibody consistently has higher specificity than anti‐native α‐synuclein antibody; and (3) skin biopsy examination using anti‐phosphorylated α‐synuclein antibody has the best diagnostic accuracy, although feasibility remains an important issue. © 2019 International Parkinson and Movement Disorder Society
Magnetic Resonance Imaging–Visible Perivascular Spaces in Basal Ganglia Predict Cognitive Decline in Parkinson's Disease
Authors: Park Yae Won , Shin Na‐Young , Chung Seok Jong , Kim Jiwoong , Lim Soo Mee , Lee Phil Hyu , Lee Seung‐Koo , Ahn Kook Jin 
Published: July 2019

AbstractBackgroundGrowing evidence suggests an association between imaging biomarkers of small vessel disease and future cognitive decline in Parkinson's disease (PD). Recently, magnetic resonance imaging–visible perivascular space (PVS) has been considered as an imaging biomarker of small vessel disease, but its effect on cognitive decline in PD is yet to be investigated.ObjectiveThe objective of this study was to evaluate whether PVS can independently predict cognitive decline in PD.MethodsA total of 271 PD patients were divided into 106 patients with intact cognition (PD‐IC) and 165 patients with mild cognitive impairment (PD‐MCI). After a mean follow‐up of 5.0 ± 2.3 years, 18 PD‐IC patients showed cognitive decline to PD‐MCI and 34 PD‐MCI patients showed cognitive decline to dementia. PVS was rated in the basal ganglia (BG) and centrum semiovale using a 4‐point visual scale and then classified as high (score ≥ 2) or low (score < 2) according to severity. Lacunes and white matter hyperintensity severity were also assessed. Independent risk factors for cognitive decline were investigated using multivariable logistic regression analysis.ResultsIn all patients, higher BG‐PVS and white matter hyperintensity severity, higher levodopa‐equivalent dose, hypertension, and lower Mini‐Mental State Examination score were independent positive predictors of future cognitive decline. In the PD‐IC subgroup, higher BG‐PVS severity, hypertension, and more severe depressive symptoms were predictors of cognitive conversion. In the PD‐MCI subgroup, higher BG‐PVS and white matter hyperintensity severity, and lower Mini‐Mental State Examination score were predictors of cognitive decline.ConclusionsBG‐PVS may be a useful imaging marker for predicting cognitive decline in PD. © 2019 International Parkinson and Movement Disorder Society
Functional evaluation of a novel GLA causative mutation in Fabry disease
Authors: Li Ping , Zhang Lijuan , Xiong Qiuhong , Wang Zhe , Cui Xiaodong , Zhou Yong‐An , Wang Yuxian , Xiao Han , Wu Changxin 
Published: July 2019

AbstractBackgroundFabry disease (FD), a rare X‐linked α‐galactosidase A (GLA) deficiency, resulting in progressive lysosomal accumulation of globotriaosylceramide in a variety of cell types. More and more disease‐causing mutations in GLA have been identified in FD due to the advancement of molecular diagnostic tools. We found a novel mutation in a Chinese family with predominant Fabry's disease nephropathy.MethodsAll coding regions and exon–intron splice junctions of the GLA gene were sequenced to find sequence variations. We evaluated the impact on the GLA protein by analysis of the GLA mRNA, by sequential analysis and homology modeling, and by site‐directed mutagenesis and in vitro expression studies.ResultsWe identified a novel heterozygous missense mutation c.280T>C in our patient with variable phenotypic presentations of renal involvement. The novel GLA variant results in low expression of GLA mRNAs, impaired or loss of the disulfate bridge structure of wild‐type GLA, reduced GLA activity and defected nuclear shape in the GFP‐GLA‐MT transfected HEK293T cells.ConclusionA novel GLA missense mutation, c.280T>C (Cys94Arg), was found in a Chinese family with predominant renal manifestations of FD. Our study reveals the pathogenesis of c.280T>C mutation to FD and provides scientific foundation for accurate diagnosis and precise medical intervention for FD.
Ultra‐miniaturization design of substrate‐integrated waveguide cavity trisection bandpass filter
Authors: Mimsyad Muhammad , Hsu Chung‐I G. , Ho Min‐Hua 
Published: July 2019

AbstractThe contribution of this work is to propose a novel trisection bandpass filter (BPF) using only one ultra‐miniature substrate‐integrated waveguide (SIW) cavity. The SIW cavity is composed of two substrate layers and a very thin prepreg layer for binding purpose. A circular patch is deployed on the cavity's middle metal layer and is evenly trisected into three identical pieces. Each piece is shorted to the cavity's bottom face by a blind via. The cavity together with the via‐shorted trisected patches form the trisection filter's resonators. This trisected‐patch‐loaded SIW cavity has the dominant‐mode resonance frequency much lower than that of the standard patch‐free SIW cavity. The down shift in the resonance frequency of the proposed resonator structure has effectively led to a significant circuit‐size reduction. When compared with a three‐pole BPF consisting of three standard patch‐free SIW cavities, the size reduction rate of our proposed BPF requiring only one SIW cavity is as high as 97.47%, which might be the highest record achieved so far. An experiment has been conducted to verify the proposed circuit design. Besides ultra‐circuit miniaturization, the measured upper stopband with the rejection of larger than 20 dB is as wide as 2.38 times the passband center frequency.
Metabolic profiling of serum in patients with cartilage tumours using 1H‐NMR spectroscopy: A pilot study
Authors: López‐Garrido Liliana , Bañuelos‐Hernández Angel E. , Pérez‐Hernández Elizabeth , Tecualt‐Gómez Romeo , Quiroz‐Williams Jorge , Ariza‐Castolo Armando , Becerra‐Martínez Elvia , Pérez‐Hernández Nury 
Published: July 2019

AbstractCartilage‐forming lesions include tumours that can vary in severity from benign enchondromas to high‐grade malignant chondrosarcomas. Chondrosarcoma is the second most frequent malignant bone tumour, accounting for 20–30% of all malignant bone neoplasms. Surgery is the standard treatment for cartilage tumours (CTs); however, their incidental diagnosis and the difficult differentiation of low‐grade lesions like chondrosarcoma grade I from benign entities like enchondroma are challenges for clinical management. In this sense, the search for circulating biomarkers for early detection and prognosis is an ongoing interest. Targeted metabolomics is a powerful tool that can propose potential biomarkers in biological fluids as well as help to discover disturbed metabolic pathways to reveal tumour pathogenesis. In this context, the aim of this study was to investigate the 1H nuclear magnetic resonance metabolomic serum profile of patients with CTs contrasted with healthy controls. Forty‐one metabolites were identified and quantified; the multivariate statistical methods principal component analysis and partial least squares discriminant analysis reveal a clear separation of the CT group, that is, the differential metabolites that were involved in two main metabolic pathways: the taurine and hypotaurine metabolism and synthesis and degradation of ketone bodies. Our results represent preliminary work for emergent serum‐based diagnostics or prognostic methods for patients with chondrogenic tumours.
k‐Space deep learning for reference‐free EPI ghost correction
Authors: Lee Juyoung , Han Yoseob , Ryu Jae‐Kyun , Park Jang‐Yeon , Ye Jong Chul 
Published: July 2019

PurposeNyquist ghost artifacts in echo planar imaging (EPI) are originated from phase mismatch between the even and odd echoes. However, conventional correction methods using reference scans often produce erroneous results especially in high‐field MRI due to the nonlinear and time‐varying local magnetic field changes. Recently, it was shown that the problem of ghost correction can be reformulated as k‐space interpolation problem that can be solved using structured low‐rank Hankel matrix approaches. Another recent work showed that data driven Hankel matrix decomposition can be reformulated to exhibit similar structures as deep convolutional neural network. By synergistically combining these findings, we propose a k‐space deep learning approach that immediately corrects the phase mismatch without a reference scan in both accelerated and non‐accelerated EPI acquisitions.Theory and MethodsTo take advantage of the even and odd‐phase directional redundancy, the k‐space data are divided into 2 channels configured with even and odd phase encodings. The redundancies between coils are also exploited by stacking the multi‐coil k‐space data into additional input channels. Then, our k‐space ghost correction network is trained to learn the interpolation kernel to estimate the missing virtual k‐space data. For the accelerated EPI data, the same neural network is trained to directly estimate the interpolation kernels for missing k‐space data from both ghost and subsampling.ResultsReconstruction results using 3T and 7T in vivo data showed that the proposed method outperformed the image quality compared to the existing methods, and the computing time is much faster.ConclusionsThe proposed k‐space deep learning for EPI ghost correction is highly robust and fast, and can be combined with acceleration, so that it can be used as a promising correction tool for high‐field MRI without changing the current acquisition protocol.
An automated approach to fully self‐gated free‐running cardiac and respiratory motion‐resolved 5D whole‐heart MRI
Authors: Di Sopra Lorenzo , Piccini Davide , Coppo Simone , Stuber Matthias , Yerly Jérôme 
Published: July 2019

PurposeTo develop a previously reported, electrocardiogram (ECG)‐gated, motion‐resolved 5D compressed sensing whole‐heart sparse MRI methodology into an automated, optimized, and fully self‐gated free‐running framework in which external gating or triggering devices are no longer needed.MethodsCardiac and respiratory self‐gating signals were extracted from raw image data acquired in 12 healthy adult volunteers with a non‐ECG‐triggered 3D radial golden‐angle 1.5 T balanced SSFP sequence. To extract cardiac self‐gating signals, central k‐space coefficient signal analysis (k0 modulation), as well as independent and principal component analyses were performed on selected k‐space profiles. The procedure yielding triggers with the smallest deviation from those of the reference ECG was selected for the automated protocol. Thus, optimized cardiac and respiratory self‐gating signals were used for binning in a compressed sensing reconstruction pipeline. Coronary vessel length and sharpness of the resultant 5D images were compared with image reconstructions obtained with ECG‐gating.ResultsPrincipal component analysis–derived cardiac self‐gating triggers yielded a smaller deviation () from the reference ECG counterparts than k0 modulation () or independent component analysis (). Cardiac and respiratory motion‐resolved 5D images were successfully reconstructed with the automated and fully self‐gated approach. No significant difference was found for coronary vessel length and sharpness between images reconstructed with the fully self‐gated and the ECG‐gated approach (all ).ConclusionMotion‐resolved 5D compressed sensing whole‐heart sparse MRI has successfully been developed into an automated, optimized, and fully self‐gated free‐running framework in which external gating, triggering devices, or navigators are no longer mandatory. The resultant coronary MRA image quality was equivalent to that obtained with conventional ECG‐gating.