bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Therapeutic Experience of 189 Patients with Warthin's Tumor of the Parotid Gland
Authors: Jinnin Tsuyoshi , Higashino Masaaki , Nishikawa Shuji , Terada Tetsuya , Kawata Ryo 
Published: November 2018

AbstractWe investigated the clinical characteristics and preoperative diagnosis rate of Warthin's tumor (WT) of the parotid gland. The subjects were 189 patients who underwent surgery at the Department of Otolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery in Osaka Medical College between September 1999 and April 2017. We compared the date of the189 patients with 466 cases of pleomorphic adenoma (PA) of the parotid gland seen during the same period. Among the 189 patients with WT, there were 163 males and 26 females, with a median age of 62 years. The sites of origin of the tumors in the parotid gland were distributed as follows: superficial lobe, 64 cases; deep lobe, 14 cases; and lower pole, 111 cases. The median maximum diameter of the tumor was 30 mm. The median operative time and the median operative blood loss were 120 minutes and 20 mL, respectively. The diagnosis had been made accurately prior to the surgery in 72% of the patients, by the fine needle aspiration cytology. Postoperative facial nerve dysfunction occurred in 39 cases (20.6%); however, it was transient in all cases. The transient facial nerve dysfunction recovered within 2 months in 50% of all cases, within 6 months in 90%, and within 1 year in 100% of cases. The features that were especially frequently encountered in the cases with postoperative facial dysfunction were origin of the tumor in the deep lobe of the parotid and large size of the tumor; furthermore, these cases also required a longer operative time. As compared with PA, WT occurred more often in male patients. WTs occurred more often in the lower pole and they were larger in size. The operative blood loss was greater. There were no significant differences with regards to the incidence of postoperative facial nerve dysfunction and the operative time.
Evaluating Fundal Dominant Contractions on Spatiotemporal Electrohysterography as a Marker for Effective Labor Contractions
Authors: Edwards Rodney K. , Euliano Neil R. , Singh Savyasachi , LeDuke Rachel C. , Andrews William W. , Jauk Victoria , Subramaniam Akila , Szychowski Jeff M. 
Published: November 2018

Objective To evaluate if fundal (F) dominance of the electrohysterogram is associated with vaginal delivery and lack of F dominance is associated with cesarean for labor dystocia.
Study Design We conducted a prospective cohort study of nulliparous women in spontaneous labor at ≥36 weeks. Clinicians were blinded to electrohysterography data which were in addition to standard cardiotocography. All contractions in the hour preceding diagnosis of complete cervical dilation (for women delivering vaginally) or the hour preceding the decision for cesarean were analyzed.
Results Of 224 patients, 167 had evaluable data. The proportion of F dominant contractions was not different for women undergoing cesarean for labor dystocia (n = 11) compared with all others (n = 156)—88.7 ± 10.2 versus 86.0 ± 11.4%; p = 0.44. Results were similar when comparing the cesarean for labor dystocia group to those undergoing cesarean for other indications (n = 10) and vaginal deliveries (n = 146)—88.7 ± 10.2 versus 86.5 ± 10.0 versus 85.9 ± 11.5%; p = 0.74.
Conclusion We were unable to confirm our earlier finding that F dominance of the electrohysterogram is associated with vaginal delivery and lack of F dominance is associated with cesarean for dystocia.
Underdosing of Surfactant for Preterm Babies with Respiratory Distress Syndrome in Clinical Practice: A Retrospective Cohort Study
Authors: Boix Hector , Rite Segundo , Arruza Luis , Fernandez Cristina , Serrano Itziar , Baquedano Irene , Sanchez Ana , Ferreira Erika , Fernandez Patricia , Gonzalez Rosa , Elorza M. Dolores 
Published: November 2018

Objective To evaluate the initial doses of surfactant administered to preterm infants with respiratory distress syndrome.
Study Design This is a retrospective cohort study of 206 preterm infants admitted in four level III neonatal intensive care units of acute tertiary care hospitals in Spain between 2013 and 2015.
Results The mean initial dose of surfactant was 173.9 (37.3) mg/kg, and 47.5% of infants received a dose of 200 mg/kg ± 10% (180–220 mg/kg), 47% less than 180 mg/kg (–10%), and 5.4% more than 220 mg/kg (+10%). Very preterm infants (<28 weeks) received higher initial doses than more mature infants, but in all cases, the mean doses were below the recommended 200 mg/kg (by 9.2% in gestational age 23–28 weeks, by 15.9% in 29–32 weeks, and by 24.3% in >32 weeks).
Conclusion Administration of surfactant below the prescribed dose is a frequent error in clinical practice. Inadvertently rounding down doses seems a plausible explanation.
Health Benefits of Integrating Physical Activity into Our Day-to-Day Lives
Authors: Aggarwal Rashmi 
Published: November 2018

AbstractIn the 21st century it is the sedentary lifestyle that is responsible for causation of the dual epidemic of obesity and type 2 diabetes. Incorporating physical activity into our daily lives will not only improve our physical health but also enhance our mental and neurocognitive functions. Regular physical activity reduces the risks of developing metabolic derangements such as overweight, hypertension, different types of diabetes, metabolic syndrome, nonalcoholic fatty liver disease, osteoporosis, and certain types of organ-specific cancers.
Dates and Diabetes
Authors: Chaudhary Sandeep , Pankaj Aswin 
Published: November 2018

AbstractDate, the fruit of date palm, is a delicious fruit with a sweet taste and a fleshy mouth feel. Dates have been considered as the staple food in the Arab Gulf regions for thousands of years. The religious-cultural importance of this fruit often creates conflict between persons with diabetes, who wish to consume it in unlimited quantity, and health care professionals, who condemn its consumption. This article provides a balanced, nutrilogic opinion about dates and their consumption in diabetes.
Shorter than a text, longer than a sentence
Authors: Heilmann Arndt , Serbina Tatiana , Couto Vale Daniel , Neumann Stella 
Published: November 2018

AbstractThis paper investigates what effect the length of the source text has both on the translation process and on the translation product. In an eye-tracking and keystroke logging experiment, we compared three conditions, namely full texts, three-sentence sequences and single sentences as source items. The results suggest that translations of single sentences differ significantly from full texts, whereas three-sentence sequences are representative of the full text condition. Therefore, research in process-based translation studies might benefit from using shorter source texts without endangering the ecological validity of experiments.
Between‐limb differences in running technique induces asymmetric negative joint work during running
Authors: Hashizume Satoru , Hobara Hiroaki , Kobayashi Yoshiyuki 
Published: November 2018

AbstractNegative work, which is mainly generated by eccentric muscle contraction, has an important influence on the associated muscle damage. Generally, mechanical parameters are determined for one side of a lower extremity on the assumption of negligible between‐limb differences. However, between‐limb differences in the negative work of lower extremity joints during running remain unclear. This study examines between‐limb differences in negative work and associated mechanical parameters during the contact phase of running. Twenty‐five young adult males voluntarily participated in this study. Each participant was asked to run on a straight runway at a speed of 3.0 m s−1. Negative work, amplitude, duration of negative power, moment, and angular velocity were computed for both sides of the lower extremities. Significant differences were found in negative work between limbs for the hip (18.9 ± 11.7%), knee (13.6 ± 10.4%), and ankle (11.8 ± 8.5%) joints. For the hip joint, asymmetric negative work was attributable to the between‐limb difference in the amplitude of negative power owing to a corresponding difference in the moment. The between‐limb differences concerning the duration and amplitude of negative power could explain the asymmetric negative work in the knee joint. The asymmetric negative work of the ankle joint was attributable to the between‐limb difference in the amplitude and duration of the negative power and the moment. These results indicate that asymmetric negative work was generated in each lower extremity joint; however, the major mechanical parameters corresponding to the negative work are not the same across the joints.
Biomechanical analysis of the “waiter's serve” on upper limb loads in young elite tennis players
Authors: Touzard Pierre , Kulpa Richard , Bideau Benoit , Montalvan Bernard , Martin Caroline 
Published: November 2018

AbstractWaiter's serve (WS) is a specific tennis serve posture frequently observed in young players, and commonly considered as a technical error by tennis coaches. However, biomechanical impact of WS is unknown. The aims of this study were to identify the potential consequences of WS in young elite players relating to performance and injury risk, and to explain the kinematic causes of WS. Serve of 18 male junior elite players (Top 10 national French ranking, aged 12–15 years) was captured with a 20 camera, 200 Hz VICON MX motion analysis system. Depending on their serve technique, the players were divided into two groups (WS versus Normal Serve [NS]) by experienced coaches. Injury data were collected for each player during a 12‐month‐period following the motion capture. Normalized peak kinetic values of the dominant arm were calculated using inverse dynamics. In order to explain WS posture, upper limb kinematics were calculated during the cocking and the acceleration phases of the serve. Shoulder internal rotation torque, wrist proximal and anterior forces (P < .05) and elbow varus torque (P < .01) were significantly higher in WS group, with no difference from NS group concerning serve velocity. Moreover, significant lower shoulder abduction and higher wrist extension (P < .05) were observed for WS players during the cocking phase. Even if no significant difference was found between groups concerning injuries, higher upper limb joint loads suggested WS could be considered as pathomechanical in young elite players and could lead to upper limb joint injuries.
MAGpy: a reproducible pipeline for the downstream analysis of metagenome-assembled genomes (MAGs)
Authors: Stewart Robert D , Auffret Marc D , Snelling Timothy J , Roehe Rainer , Watson Mick 
Published: November 2018

Abstract

Motivation
Metagenomics is a powerful tool for assaying the DNA from every genome present in an environment. Recent advances in bioinformatics have enabled the rapid assembly of near-complete metagenome-assembled genomes (MAGs), and there is a need for reproducible pipelines that can annotate and characterize thousands of genomes simultaneously, to enable identification and functional characterization.

Results
Here we present MAGpy, a scalable and reproducible pipeline that takes multiple genome assemblies as FASTA and compares them to several public databases, checks quality, suggests a taxonomy and draws a phylogenetic tree.

Availability and implementation
MAGpy is available on github: https://github.com/WatsonLab/MAGpy.

Supplementary information
Supplementary data are available at Bioinformatics online.
Comprehensive evaluation of RNA-seq analysis pipelines in diploid and polyploid species
Authors: Payá-Milans Miriam , Olmstead James W , Nunez Gerardo , Rinehart Timothy A , Staton Margaret 
Published: November 2018

Abstract

Background
The usual analysis of RNA sequencing (RNA-seq) reads is based on an existing reference genome and annotated gene models. However, when a reference for the sequenced species is not available, alternatives include using a reference genome from a related species or reconstructing transcript sequences with de novo assembly. In addition, researchers are faced with many options for RNA-seq data processing and limited information on how their decisions will impact the final outcome. Using both a diploid and polyploid species with a distant reference genome, we have tested the influence of different tools at various steps of a typical RNA-seq analysis workflow on the recovery of useful processed data available for downstream analysis.

Findings
At the preprocessing step, we found error correction has a strong influence on de novo assembly but not on mapping results. After trimming, a greater percentage of reads could be used in downstream analysis by selecting gentle quality trimming performed with Skewer instead of strict quality trimming with Trimmomatic. This availability of reads correlated with size, quality, and completeness of de novo assemblies and with number of mapped reads. When selecting a reference genome from a related species to map reads, outcome was significantly improved when using mapping software tolerant of greater sequence divergence, such as Stampy or GSNAP.

Conclusions
The selection of bioinformatic software tools for RNA-seq data analysis can maximize quality parameters on de novo assemblies and availability of reads in downstream analysis.
An open-source high-speed infrared videography database to study the principles of active sensing in freely navigating rodents
Authors: Azarfar Alireza , Zhang Yiping , Alishbayli Artoghrul , Miceli Stéphanie , Kepser Lara , van der Wielen Daan , van de Moosdijk Mike , Homberg Judith , Schubert Dirk , Proville Rémi , Celikel Tansu 
Published: November 2018

Abstract

Background
Active sensing is crucial for navigation. It is characterized by self-generated motor action controlling the accessibility and processing of sensory information. In rodents, active sensing is commonly studied in the whisker system. As rats and mice modulate their whisking contextually, they employ frequency and amplitude modulation. Understanding the development, mechanisms, and plasticity of adaptive motor control will require precise behavioral measurements of whisker position.

Findings
Advances in high-speed videography and analytical methods now permit collection and systematic analysis of large datasets. Here, we provide 6,642 videos as freely moving juvenile (third to fourth postnatal week) and adult rodents explore a stationary object on the gap-crossing task. The dataset includes sensory exploration with single- or multi-whiskers in wild-type animals, serotonin transporter knockout rats, rats received pharmacological intervention targeting serotonergic signaling. The dataset includes varying background illumination conditions and signal-to-noise ratios (SNRs), ranging from homogenous/high contrast to non-homogenous/low contrast. A subset of videos has been whisker and nose tracked and are provided as reference for image processing algorithms.

Conclusions
The recorded behavioral data can be directly used to study development of sensorimotor computation, top-down mechanisms that control sensory navigation and whisker position, and cross-species comparison of active sensing. It could also help to address contextual modulation of active sensing during touch-induced whisking in head-fixed vs freely behaving animals. Finally, it provides the necessary data for machine learning approaches for automated analysis of sensory and motion parameters across a wide variety of signal-to-noise ratios with accompanying human observer-determined ground-truth.
Abdominal Epilepsy Treated With Vagal Nerve Stimulation: A Case Report
Authors: Kraimer Kristen L , Kochanski Ryan B , Lynn Fiona , Smith Michael , Sani Sepehr 
Published: November 2018

Abstract

BACKGROUND AND IMPORTANCE
Abdominal epilepsy is a rare seizure disorder characterized by episodic gastrointestinal symptoms with electroencephalogram abnormalities. It is typically well treated with anti-epileptic medications; however, little is known about treatment of refractory cases.

CLINICAL PRESENTATION
The patient is a 16-yr-old male who began experiencing episodic abdominal pain and distension at the age of 2. After undergoing an extensive negative gastrointestinal workup, he was referred for neurological examination. The patient's examination and brain magnetic resonance imaging were normal, but epileptiform discharges were noted on the electroencephalogram. He initially failed treatment with several anti-epileptic medications but achieved seizure control with lamotrigine for 10 yr. However, his seizure frequency increased at age 15 and vagal nerve stimulation (VNS) was proposed for treatment. He underwent VNS placement surgery and experienced significant seizure reduction. By 22 mo postsurgery, he had experienced 11 total seizures compared to his preoperative seizure frequency of 16 seizures per month. Additionally, the patient's neuropsychological testing postsurgery demonstrated improvements in verbal reasoning and reading comprehension in comparison to presurgical testing.

CONCLUSION
VNS has been used to treat intractable, nonfocal epilepsy although the therapeutic mechanism remains poorly understood. This case demonstrates utility of VNS for the treatment of abdominal epilepsy that remains refractory to pharmacotherapy.
Incisional Seeding of Metastatic Squamous Cell Carcinoma Following Carotid Endarterectomy: An Unusual Case of an Unknown Primary Cancer Presenting as a Presumed Neck Abscess
Authors: Staudt Michael D , Langdon Kristopher D , Hammond Robert R , Lownie Stephen P 
Published: November 2018

Abstract

BACKGROUND
Carotid endarterectomy (CEA) is a safe and effective procedure, with a low risk of complications when performed by experienced surgeons. Postoperative infections are particularly rare, reportedly affecting less than 1% of cases. Incisional metastases have not been described.

OBJECTIVE
To describe a previously unreported complication, the incisional seeding of metastatic squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) during neck dissection, which presented and was treated as a presumed postoperative neck abscess.

METHODS
Clinical records were reviewed regarding a 73-yr-old female who underwent routine CEA and presented 2 mo postoperatively with neck induration and erythema. Tissue submitted during the initial CEA was reexamined given the updated clinical history.

RESULTS
Postoperatively, a complex, multi-cystic fluid collection beneath the incision was identified and percutaneously drained. Although cultures were negative, an infection was favored and antibiotic therapy initiated. The patient's symptoms worsened prompting surgical exploration, and tissue sent for pathological examination was consistent with metastatic SCC. Retrospective analysis of a lymph node excised during the initial dissection also revealed tumor deposits, indicating that the surgical site had been seeded during exposure. A primary origin was not identified.

CONCLUSION
The time from initial presentation of postoperative complications to a final diagnosis of metastatic SCC was 2 mo, during which time the patient was treated as having a postoperative infection. Further investigations were consistent with diffuse and incurable metastatic disease. This report highlights the diagnostic challenges and potential avoidance strategies when dealing with rare complications following CEA.
Predictors of risk-reducing surgery intentions following genetic counseling for hereditary breast and ovarian cancer
Authors: Ladd Mary Kathleen , Peshkin Beth N , Senter Leigha , Baldinger Shari , Isaacs Claudine , Segal Hannah , Philip Samantha , Phillips Chloe , Shane Kate , Martin Aimee , Weinstein Veronique , Pilarski Robert , Jeter Joanne , Sweet Kevin , Hatten Bonnie , Wurtmann Elisabeth J , Phippen Shanda , Bro Della , Schwartz Marc D 
Published: November 2018

Abstract
Risk-reducing mastectomy (RRM) and salpingo-oophorectomy (RRSO) are increasingly used to reduce breast and ovarian cancer risk following BRCA1/BRCA2 testing. However, little is known about how genetic counseling influences decisions about these surgeries. Although previous studies have examined intentions prior to counseling, few have examined RRM and RRSO intentions in the critical window between genetic counseling and test result disclosure. Previous research has indicated that intentions at this time point predict subsequent uptake of surgery, suggesting that much decision-making has taken place prior to result disclosure. This period may be a critical time to better understand the drivers of prophylactic surgery intentions. The aim of this study was to examine predictors of RRM and RRSO intentions. We hypothesized that variables from the Health Belief Model would predict intentions, and we also examined the role of affective factors. Participants were 187 women, age 21–75, who received genetic counseling for hereditary breast and ovarian cancer. We utilized multiple logistic regression to identify independent predictors of intentions. 49.2% and 61.3% of participants reported intentions for RRM and RRSO, respectively. Variables associated with RRM intentions include: newly diagnosed with breast cancer (OR = 3.63, 95% CI = 1.20–11.04), perceived breast cancer risk (OR = 1.46, 95% CI = 1.17–1.81), perceived pros (OR = 1.79, 95% CI = 1.38–2.32) and cons of RRM (OR = 0.81, 95% CI = 0.65–0.996), and decision conflict (OR = 0.80, 95% CI = 0.66–0.98). Variables associated with RRSO intentions include: proband status (OR = 0.28, 95% CI = 0.09–0.89), perceived pros (OR = 1.35, 95% CI = 1.11–1.63) and cons of RRSO (OR = 0.72, 95% CI = 0.59–0.89), and ambiguity aversion (OR = 0.79, 95% CI = 0.65–0.95). These data provide support for the role of genetic counseling in fostering informed decisions about risk management, and suggest that the role of uncertainty should be explored further.