bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Consistency of Daily Number of Reported COVID-19 Cases in 191 Countries From 2020 to 2022: Comparative Analysis of 2 Major Data Sources
Authors: Liu Han , Zong Huiying , Yang Yang , Schwebel David C , Xie Bin , Ning Peishan , Rao Zhenzhen , Li Li , Hu Guoqing 
Published: November 2024

Abstract

Background
The COVID-19 pandemic represents one of the most challenging public health emergencies in recent world history, causing about 7.07 million deaths globally by September 24, 2024. Accurate, timely, and consistent data are critical for early response to situations like the COVID-19 pandemic.

Objective
This study aimed to evaluate consistency of daily reported COVID-19 cases in 191 countries from the Johns Hopkins University Center for Systems Science and Engineering (JHU CSSE) and the World Health Organization (WHO) dashboards during 2020‐2022.

Methods
We retrieved data concerning new daily COVID-19 cases in 191 countries covered by both data sources from January 22, 2020, to December 31, 2022. The ratios of numbers of daily reported cases from the 2 sources were calculated to measure data consistency. We performed simple linear regression to examine significant changes in the ratio of numbers of daily reported cases during the study period.

Results
Of 191 WHO member countries, only 60 displayed excellent data consistency in the number of daily reported COVID-19 cases between the WHO and JHU CSSE dashboards (mean ratio 0.9-1.1). Data consistency changed greatly across the 191 countries from 2020 to 2022 and differed across 4 types of countries, categorized by income. Data inconsistency between the 2 data sources generally decreased slightly over time, both for the 191 countries combined and within the 4 types of income-defined countries. The absolute relative difference between the 2 data sources increased in 84 countries, particularly for Malta (R2=0.25), Montenegro (R2=0.30), and the United States (R2=0.29), but it decreased significantly in 40 countries.

Conclusions
The inconsistency between the 2 data sources warrants further research. Construction of public health surveillance and data collection systems for public health emergencies like the COVID-19 pandemic should be strengthened in the future.
LO ÚTIL PUEDE DAÑAR CUANDO SE EMPLEA DE FORMA INADECUADA
Authors: Beatón Guillermo Arias 
Published: November 2024

Desde hace siglos se ha insistido en que las ciencias existen para conocer cómo funcionan las leyes de la naturaleza, la sociedad y los seres vivos. Se dice que este conocimiento es necesario, para que, cuando se aplique cualquier resultado científico o tecnológico, se haga obedeciendo las leyes que rigen el adecuado desarrollo y transformación del hecho que se desee mejorar o transformar. Esta alerta que la enuncia Francis Bacon, en el siglo XVIII, tiene antecedentes en los escritos y enunciados de Confucio, en China y en la Pacha Mama, en América Latina. El presente trabajo, pretende abordar un tema que está muy relacionado con el no cumplimiento de estos principios teóricos y metodológicos del quehacer científico, tecnológico, social, cultural y humano (pedagógico y educativo). Se trata del empleo de la tecnología digital en los niños que aún no tienen el desarrollo necesario del lenguaje oral, de los esquemas perceptuales y el esencial vínculo emocional con las demás personas que los cuidan y educan. Existen alertas de especialistas que plantean que el empleo precoz de esas tecnologías digitales puede llegar a producir severas alteraciones en el desarrollo infantil, llegando los niños a presentar síntomas semejantes a los del espectro autista, la hiperactividad y el déficit de atención. Este trabajo, tiene el propósito de explicar el porqué de dichas alteraciones, cuando no se obedecen las leyes que rigen el desarrollo psíquico humano desde el momento del nacimiento y durante los primeros años. De esta forma y atendiendo a las leyes del desarrollo infantil, también se sugerirá, cuándo y cómo se deben introducir estos importantes medios tecnológicos, para que contribuyan al mejor desarrollo psicológico desde las edades tempranas.
PRÁTICAS PEDAGÓGICAS
Authors: Damasco Umbelino Janaina , Maria Alves Solange 
Published: November 2024

Este Dossiê, que tem como título “Práticas pedagógicas: elemento basilar às ambiências de aprendizagem”, representa a materialização de um esforço coletivo de Grupos de pesquisa que compõem o Eixo 4: Organização e práticas educativas na Educação Básica, do Seminário Nacional de Pesquisa em Educação – SENPE. Neste sentido, a partir das discussões originadas do Grupo de Trabalho (GT) do Eixo Organização e Práticas Educativas na Educação Básica, do Seminário Nacional de Pesquisa em Educação (SENPE), levantou-se os seguintes questionamentos: Como as práticas pedagógicas estão sendo investigadas? Quais os pressupostos que as amparam? Que contribuições trazem para a criação de ambiências de aprendizagem? Sem a pretensão de respostas definitivas, mas com foco nas questões colocadas, estão acolhidos aqui um conjunto de estudos, todos frutos de investigações de diferentes tipos e sob diferentes enfoques teórico-metodológicos, ocupados com a prática pedagógica e seus desafios nestes tempos de movimentos frenéticos de transformações políticas, econômicas, culturais e ideológicas de toda ordem, em que vivemos.
DEVELOPMENT, SCREENING AND OPTIMIZATION OF ROSUVASTATIN LOADED NANOSTRUCTURED LIPID CARRIERS FOR IMPROVED THERAPEUTIC EFFICACY
Authors: Shaheen El Sayed Gamal E. , Anwar Walid , Abu-Elyazid Sherif K. , Afouna Mohsen I. 
Published: November 2024

Objective: the aim of the current study was to be screening of the formulation components, prepare ROS-NLCs by hot homogenization–ultrasonication technique and optimized by Full factorial design then formulations prepared were further characterized.
Methods: The screening experiments were carried out to select the most suitable solid lipids, liquid lipids, and surfactants. Moreover, physical compatibility between the solid lipids and liquid lipids, along with their proportions, was evaluated. Additionally, characterization and optimization of the developed formulations were outlined and identified. Primarily, the solubility of ROS-Ca in various solid lipids and liquid lipids is the key factor for choosing the optimal one.
Results: Stearic acid, Glyceryl Monostearate (GMS), and Compritol®888 ATO exhibited a higher ability to solubilize ROS-Ca, with solid lipid values per 10 mg of ROS-Ca (w/w) recorded as 750±3.56 mg, 1250±4.36 mg, and 1750±5.16 mg, respectively. In the systematic screening of different liquid lipids, Transcutol® HP (98.41 mg/ml), CapryolTM90 (78.64 mg/ml), and Labrafac MC60 (64.36 mg/ml) demonstrated a good affinity for the drug. The (Stearic acid-Transcutol® HP) mixture showed phase separation with oil droplet residue on filter paper, whereas the (GMS-Transcutol® HP) mixture showed no separation and left no oil droplet residue on filter paper. The optimized NLC formulations composed of glyceryl monostearate GMS (solid lipid) and Transcutol® HP (liquid lipid) as lipid phase, poloxamer 188 and Tween 80 (1:1 ratio) as surfactants.
Conclusions: Study concludes the ability of NLCs to improve the oral bioavailability of poorly water-soluble drugs by enhancing solubilization and dissolution rates in the gastrointestinal tract is well-recognized.

Peer Review History:
Received 11 July 2024; Reviewed 15 September 2024; Accepted 22 October; Available online 15 November 2024
Academic Editor: Dr. Asia Selman Abdullah, Pharmacy institute, University of Basrah, Iraq, asia_abdullah65@yahoo.com
Average Peer review marks at initial stage: 6.0/10
Average Peer review marks at publication stage: 7.5/10
Reviewers:
Antonio José de Jesus Evangelista, Federal University of Ceará, UFC, Brazil, tony_biomed@hotmail.com
Asmaa Ahmed Mohamed Ahmed Khalifa, Pharos University, Alexandria, Egypt, asmaa.khalifa@pua.edu.eg
Optimization of the demineralization process of black soldier fly (Hemertia illucens) pupa shell maggot chitosan and the physicochemical characteristics
Authors: Mira Maulidina  , Muhammad Rifqi  , Siswanto  
Published: November 2024

Chitosan is a derivative compound of chitin that has undergone deacetylation. Chitosan has three stages of the manufacturing process, including demineralization, deproteinization, and deacetylation. Chitin is also found in the black soldier fly maggot pupae, but maggot pupae contain high minerals content that can affect the purity of the resulting chitosan. Therefore, demineralization treatment is necessary to remove minerals from maggot pupae shells. This study aims to optimize the demineralization process by finding the best type of acid solvent, the best incubation time, and combination treatments. The black soldier fly (BSF) maggot pupa shell was soaked using various formic acid, hydrochloric acid, and nitric acid solutions with incubation times of 60, 120, and 180 minutes. Chitosan characterization was carried out following SNI 7949:2022, including water content, ash content, nitrogen content, pH, deacetylation degree, characterization of functional groups with FT-IR, and as an antimicrobial comparison is formalin. The best demineralization treatment was obtained at 0.5 M nitric acid treatment with an incubation time of 120 minutes. The characterization of chitosan produced 7.81% water content, 0.56% ash content, 4.73% nitrogen content, pH 7.39, and 75.14% deacetylation degree. Characterization of groups on chitosan with FT-IR resulted in the absorption of O-H and N-H groups 3484 cm-1 and 3152 cm-1; C-H 2877 cm-1; and C=O 1653 cm-1. The inhibitory power against E. coli of the BSF maggot pupa shells chitosan is better compared to chitosan standard but not better than formalin.
Characterization and morphological development of oil palm transformed-callus on modified culture media
Authors: Setiawati Yuli , Riyadi Imron , Astika Sari Dini , Tamania Saptari Rizka , Maya Sinta Masna , Minarsih Hayati , Turhadi  , Arief Putranto Riza 
Published: November 2024

Genome editing through cisgenesis develops into scientific breakthroughs in accelerating oil palm breeding programs. However, one remaining problem is the low success of transformed-calli regeneration, while its scientific explanation is still underexplored. This study aimed to characterize and regenerate transformed-calli using various amino acids and antioxidants. Transformed callus that did not regenerate (un-regenerated transformed callus or UTC) after the transformation process was taken, then T-DNA integration was detected using the NPTII gene. Furthermore, the UTC was divided into four types based on morphological characteristics. The four types of UTCs were regenerated on media enriched with glutamine (for Type-1 callus), cysteine and putrescine (for Type-2 callus), and a combination of cysteine and ascorbic acid (for Type-3 and Type-4 callus). The research results obtained NPTII successfully amplified with a band size of 700bp. The results showed that on Type-1 callus, enrichment media with 10 mg L-1 L-glutamine could induce the formation of new nodular structures on UTC Type-1. On Type-2, media enriched with 5 mg L-1 L-cysteine + 20 mg L-1 putrescine increased the density of callus structures. Media enriched with 25 mg L-1 ascorbic acid + 25 mg L-1 L-cysteine could prevent the spread of brown callus on Type-3 callus, while Type-4 callus did not show any response and became dry. Our new findings will facilitate the basic research and unregenerated transformed callus and morphological callus development behavior in oil palm.
Synthesis of Bio-Hydrocarbons Pentadecane From Crude Palm Oil (CPO) using Recombinant E.Coli Produced Fatty Acid Photodecarboxylase From Chlorella Variabilis
Authors: Kresnawaty Irma , Palgunadi Farhan , Faramitha Yora , Lischer Kenny , Saraswanti Ayu Rahayu , Fitriyah Fauziatul , Santoso Djoko 
Published: November 2024

Exploration of natural resources, particularly fossil fuels, is necessary given the sharp rise in energy demand across a wide range of industries. The risk of unpredictable fuel costs, rising pollution, and climate change is elevated as a result of that specific event. In order to address the problem of danger originating from present conventional fuel, it is crucial to use renewable energy that is regarded as sustainable and safe. In the future, bio-hydrocarbons are one energy source that is expected to be used as fuel. In both biological and non-biological processes, biohydrocarbons—hydrocarbons originating from biomass—can be created. Employing the Chlorella variabilis Fatty Acid Photodecarboxylase (CvFAP) enzyme from E. coli recombinant is a remarkable recent technique for producing bio-hydrocarbons. This enzyme has the ability to change free fatty acids, according to extensive studies when induced by blue light and accompanied by the addition of substrates. This study has confirmed the success of producing bio-hydrocarbons in the form of pentadecane with a selectivity of 16.44%. This experiment also indicated that several substantial components are needed in the bio-hydrocarbon synthesis process to obtain an optimal result. The components are the use of TB growth media, the selection of a protein concentration of 1777.5 l ppm, activation time for 3 hours, and the preference for substrate type in the form of 50% CPO.
Judicial Preclusion in International Arbitration: Comparative Analysis of UK, Australia, and Malaysia’s Practices
Authors: Che Rosli Iyllyana , Ghouri Ahmad , Ghapa Norhasliza , Zakariah Asril Amirul , Kamariah Musa Murshamsul 
Published: November 2024

This paper examines the issue of judicial preclusion in international arbitration, focusing on whether an award-debtor’s failure to challenge a foreign award at the supervisory court precludes them from contesting the enforcement of an award in another jurisdiction. Through a comparative analysis of judicial practices in the United Kingdom, Australia, and Malaysia, the study evaluates the extent of harmonisation in the application of Article V of the Convention on the Recognition and Enforcement of Foreign Arbitral Awards 1958 (NYC 1958). The findings reveal divergences: while UK and Australian courts adopt a flexible approach, allowing enforcement-stage challenges irrespective of prior actions at the supervisory court, Malaysian courts demonstrate a strong pro-enforcement bias, often deferring to the decisions of the supervisory court and restricting opportunities for re-litigation. This paper engages with the theories of res judicata and finality, exploring their interplay with judicial discretion and highlighting the tension between fairness and the finality of arbitration awards. It concludes with critical recommendations for enhancing harmonisation under the NYC 1958, including clearer guidelines on judicial preclusion, the integration of international best practices, and reforms to balance enforcement predictability and certainty in international arbitration
Determinação das Concentrações de Radônio e dos Processos de Enriquecimento em Minas Subterrâneas, de Fluorita e de Carvão, do Estado de Santa Catarina
Authors: Lima dos Santos Carlos Eduardo , Vieira Conceição Rommulo , Vieira Daniel Triboli , Vignol-Lelarge Maria Lidia , Flavio Macacini (In memorian) Jose , Xavier Ana Maria , Chaves Ramos Rodrigo 
Published: November 2024

Este trabalho apresenta a determinação das concentrações de Rn no ambiente de minas subterrâneas, visando ao estabelecimento de correlações entre as concentrações e as características geológicas das minas subterrâneas de fluorita e de carvão do Estado de Santa Catarina. Para a determinação da concentração de Rn, foram utilizados detectores de traços nucleares (Carbonato Diglicol Alílico CR-39). Foram instalados detectores passivos de Rn em locais de maior circulação de pessoas, tais como galerias, corredores de acesso, salas de reunião, almoxarifados, oficinas e shafts. As análises quali-quantitativas de radioatividade das rochas foram realizadas um sistema de espectrometria gama. Os resultados mostram que as minas de carvão apresentam baixos valores de concentração de Rn no ar (< 500 Bq/m3) e não requerem ações protetoras. Isto pode ser explicado pelo fato que o U não tem associação geoquímica direta com o carvão. As baixas concentrações de Ra nas rochas (arenitos e siltitos na capa e na lapa) e no carvão ratificam essa hipótese. Além disso, a eficiência da ventilação normalmente requerida em função da presença de metano, gás combustível, contribui para a redução das concentrações eventuais de Rn no ambiente mineiro. As concentrações de Ra-226 das rochas que compõe a capa e a lapa, bem como do carvão, não apresentam correlação alguma com a concentração de Rn no ar. Essa falta de correlação é esperada porque não se consegue atingir o equilíbrio secular no interior da mina, pois o eficiente sistema de ventilação retira do ambiente mineiro o Rn exalado das rochas. As minas RB e NF, de fluorita, apresentam elevadas concentrações de Rn no ar, acima do intervalo de níveis de ação preconizado pela Agência Internacional de Energia Atômica. Já a mina MF, de fluorita, apresenta valores da concentração de Rn-222 no ar entre 500 e 1500 Bq/m3. As concentrações de Ra-226 do granito normal, da fluorita verde e da fluorita roxa não apresentam correlação alguma com os valores das concentrações de Rn-222 no ar. Porém, a concentração de Ra-226 do granito alterado apresenta tendência a uma correlação positiva com a concentração de Rn no ar. No interior da mina, o granito alterado contribui de forma mais significativa para o aumento da concentração de Rn-222 no ar, quando comparado ao granito normal e à fluorita. Essa maior contribuição pode ser explicada pela alteração intempérica do granito, como fraturas e poros abertos, além da alteração de minerais primários, facilitando, assim, a exalação do Rn do granito alterado.
Advancements and challenges in extraction and determination of pesticide residues in soya products
Authors: Szarka Agneša , Vidová Barbora , Viktoryová Nicolette , Hrouzková Svetlana 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
Soya beans, a vital source of protein, oil, and dietary fibre, are cultivated extensively, with a growing demand since 1950. However, the extensive use of pesticides in soya bean cultivation poses potential risks to human health and the environment, especially given the lack of strict regulations for maximum residue levels in soya-based products within the European Union. This study provides a comprehensive overview of isolation and determination methods of pesticide residues from soya products, emphasising the challenges posed by the high-fat content of soya beans. Various chromatographic techniques coupled with mass spectrometry are discussed for their efficacy in pesticide residues analysis. The manuscript also reviews sample preparation techniques, with a focus on the QuEChERS (Quick, Easy, Cheap, Effective, Rugged, and Safe) method, and its modifications to enhance extraction and purification efficiency. Additionally, the study explores the application of liquid-liquid extraction and solid-phase extraction in the analysis of soya oil and beverages and innovative methods, such as dispersive liquid-liquid microextraction and matrix solid-phase dispersion, for comprehensive pesticide residue analysis. This review highlights the importance of multiresidue analytical methods in ensuring the safety of soya products thereby supporting regulatory compliance and public health protection.
Labelling the Carbon Footprint as a Strategic Element of Environmental Assessment of Agricultural Systems
Authors: Niemiec Marcin , Komorowska Monika , Atilgan Atilgan , Abduvasikov Abduaziz 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
The aim of the study was to assess the potential use of the carbon footprint for the environmental evaluation of agricultural systems. Carbon footprint analysis in agriculture has a strategic dimension in terms of sustainable food production. Reducing the negative impact of agriculture on climate change is a key element of many quality management systems and is included in the legislation of many countries. One of the challenges in calculating the carbon footprint is the lack of clear methodologies for determination of the greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions at this stage. Normative documents highlight the need to consider all areas of GHG emissions, but in practice, this is exceedingly difficult due to the specific characteristics of plant production, which takes place under variable conditions related to soil type, its properties, chemical composition, climate, and production technology. Based on a review of the scientific literature, it was concluded that the carbon footprint studies of specific agricultural systems and evaluations of technology improvements (implementing actions to compensate for anthropogenic pressure) should be conducted within an individual system boundary. The system boundary should be developed based on the process map created in accordance with the guidelines of ISO 31000:2018. Most of the input data used in the calculations must be standardized due to the range of parameters dependent on the natural, geographical, and infrastructural conditions of the production location.
Determining the Reliability Level by Combining FMEA, FTA and Dematel Tools
Authors: Bujna Marián , Prístavka Miroslav , Lee Chia Kuang , Strápeková Zuzana , Kapela Krzysztof , Malicevic Zoran 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
The aim of the paper was to determine the level of reliability of a carousel type device. Considering the improvement of reliability, we decided to use the basic tools of FMEA and FTA. Using FMEA, we identified the most critical part of the equipment, namely welding (RPN=320). The proposed measure only solved the improvement of detection. Based on the FMEA analysis, we chose the TOP event for FTA - bad weld. The detected probability of peak event failure by quantitative FTA analysis was at the level of 0.58%. We identified the basic events leading to the TOP event, i.e. an allowed sonotrode, incorrect position of the membrane during sampling, short welding time and insufficient weld depth. Subsequently, reliability indicators were quantified. We achieved almost 100% availability values. Despite this, the aim was to find out a more comprehensive level of reliability and follow up findings from FMEA. We used the DEMATEL model and our own proposed economic model. Using the DEMATEL model, we found out that short welding time and an insufficient weld depth are the causative modes, that means, they significantly influence other failure modes and do so with a high significance. The creation of an economic evaluation model based on the quantification of direct costs for failure modes with the consequences of a certain number of defective products contributed to the fact that we again determined that the failure modes short welding time and insufficient depth are the modes with the highest priority for solving the bad weld event. The costs incurred as a result of their occurrence and as a result of the occurrence of downtime were the highest with these regimes. These models create space for us to more effectively design measures to improve the level of reliability and production quality, what is a prerequisite for ensuring a reduction in downtime, an increase in production quality and reliability, and an overall cost reduction. This also leads to an increase in the reputation of manufacturers.