bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Early treatment of open diaphyseal tibia fracture with intramedullary nail versus external fixator in Tanzania: Cost effectiveness analysis using preliminary data from Muhimbili Orthopaedic Institute
Authors: Haonga Billy T. , Areu Mapuor M.M. , Challa Sravya T. , Liu Max B. , Elieza Edmund , Morshed Saam , Shearer David 
Published: June 2019

Introduction: Open tibia fractures are some of the most common types of Orthopedics injuries in low- and middle-income countries (LMICs). In Tanzania, open tibia fractures are treated either conservatively by prolonged cast or surgically by external fixation (EF) or intramedullary nail (IMN) when available. The cost of treatment and amount of time patients spend away from work are major economic concerns with prolonged casting and EF. The goal of this study was to determine the cost effectiveness of IMN versus EF in the treatment of open diaphyseal tibia fractures at Muhimbili Orthopaedic Institute (Dar es Salaam, Tanzania).
Methods: This is a prospective randomized control study conducted of patients with a closeable AO/OTA 42 open diaphyseal tibia fracture. The patients underwent surgical fixation with either IMN or EF at Muhimbili Orthopaedic Institute (MOI), and were followed up at 2, 6, and 12 weeks postoperatively. A micro-costing method was used to estimate the fixed and variable costs of IMN and EF of the open diaphyseal tibial fracture.
Results: The mean total cost per patient was lower for the IMN group ($425.8 ± 38.4) compared to the EF group ($559.6 ± 70.5, p < 0.001), with savings of $133.80 per patient for the IMN group. The mean hospital stay was 2.72 ± 1.40 days for the IMN group and 2.44 ± 1.47 days for the EF group (p = 0.5). Quality-adjusted life years (QALYs) were 0.26 per patient for the IMN group and 0.24 in the EF group at 12 weeks (p = 0.8). Ninety-two percent of patients in the IMN group achieved fracture union versus 60% in the EF group at three months postoperatively (p = 0.03).
Conclusion: IM nailing of a closeable open diaphyseal tibial fracture is more cost effective than EF. In addition, IM nailing has better union rates at three months compared to EF.
Fasten für Menschen mit Typ-1-Diabetes
(FaMeD1)
Authors: Berger Bettina , Stange Rainer , Baumann Andrea , Köblös Diana , Liebscher Daniela , Bley Martina , Michalsen Andreas , Martin David 
Published: June 2019

ZusammenfassungTyp-1-Diabetes mellitus (T1DM) ist eine fortschreitende und herausfordernde
chronische Erkrankung, welche immer wieder neue emotionale Anpassungsleistungen
erfordert 1. Im folgenden Studienprotokoll
wird das geplante Vorgehen zur Überprüfung der Machbarkeit und Sicherheit einer
Buchinger-Fastenintervention bei Menschen mit Typ-1-Diabetes mellitus in
Hinblick auf diabetesbezogene Problembereiche und unerwünschte Ereignisse wie
Ketoazidosen und schwere Unterzuckerungen vorgestellt.
Glutenfreie Ernährung – eine Trend-Diät?
Authors: Maurer Bianca 
Published: June 2019

ZusammenfassungLady Gaga, Miley Cyrus und Gwyneth Paltrow – sie alle haben eines gemeinsam: Sie
haben glutenhaltige Lebensmittel von ihrem Speiseplan gestrichen. Eine Zöliakie
oder andere medizinische Gründe für die strenge Diät sind bei keiner dieser
Prominenten bekannt. Man fühle sich ohne Gluten besser, die glutenfreie
Ernährung habe positive Effekte auf Haut und Gesundheit – diese und ähnliche
Gründe werden für den Verzicht angegeben.
Interventionsassoziierte Myokardischämie: intrakoronare Bildgebung als prognostischer Marker
Authors: Anadol Remzi , Gori Tommaso 
Published: June 2019

ZusammenfassungDie interventionsassoziierte Myokardischämie ist mit einem erhöhten Risiko für ein negatives Outcome verbunden. Der Nachweis bestimmter Pathologien, wie z. B. ein Fibroatherom mit zum Lumen hin dünner Endothelschicht (thin-cap fibrous atheroma) in der optischen Kohärenztomografie (OCT) oder im intravaskulären Ultraschall (IVUS) sind prädiktiv für eine periprozedurale Myokardischämie. Die Nutzung dieser Methoden und die korrekte Interpretation während der Indexprozedur und im weiteren klinischen Verlauf können für den Patienten eine bessere Risikostratifizierung und eine an ihn angepassten Therapie bedingen.
Nachsorge ‚Neues Credo‘ in der kardiologischen
Anschlussrehabilitation
Authors: Deck Ruth , Beitz Sebastian , Baumbach Christian , Brunner Susanne , Hoberg Eike , Knoglinger Ernst 
Published: June 2019

Zusammenfassung
Ziel der Studie Körperliche Inaktivität gilt als
wichtigster modifizierbarer Risikofaktor für kardiovaskuläre
Erkrankungen, daher fokussiert die medizinische Rehabilitation v. a. auf
die Steigerung der körperlichen Aktivität. Damit diese nach der
Rehabilitation aufrechterhalten wird, sind Nachsorgestrategien erforderlich, die
den Rehabilitand/innen den Transfer des in der Rehabilitation Gelernten
in den Alltag erleichtern. In vorliegender Studie wurde das mehrfach evaluierte
Nachsorgekonzept „Neues Credo“ in der kardiologischen
Anschlussrehabilitation eingeführt und evaluiert.
Methodik Prospektive, kontrollierte, multizentrische Studie mit 4
kardiologischen Reha-Einrichtungen. Einschlusskriterien:
Rehabilitand/ innen mit einer Erstdiagnose aus der ICD-Gruppe
I20–25, I34–43. Rehabilitand/innen der Kontrollgruppe
(KG) führten zunächst eine Standardrehabilitation und
Standardnachsorge durch, danach die Rehabilitand/ innen der
Interventionsgruppe (IG) eine Rehabilitation nach den Prämissen des
Neuen Credo mit dem Schwerpunkt Steigerung körperlicher
Aktivität. Die IG erhielt hierfür verschiedene
Dokumentationshefte. Die Evaluation erfolgte durch schriftliche Befragung zu 3
Messzeitpunkten. Primäre Zielgröße:
Einschränkungen der Teilhabe (IMET), sekundäre
Zielgrößen: u. a. Depressivität (CES-D) und
verschiedene Skalen der subjektiven Gesundheit sowie Ausmaß der
körperlichen Aktivität. Die Auswertung der Langzeiteffekte
erfolgte mithilfe von Varianzanalysen mit Messwiederholung.
Ergebnisse Von 152 Rehabilitand/innen der IG und 165
Rehabilitand/innen der KG konnten die kompletten Daten ausgewertet
werden. Am Ende der Reha profitierten sowohl IG als auch KG von der
Rehabilitation. Im Katamnesezeitraum erreichten die Teilnehmer der IG
signifikant häufiger das Ziel, ihre körperliche
Aktivität zu steigern (66 vs. 42%, p<0,01), sie waren
häufiger körperlich aktiv als die KG (p=0,040) und sie
trieben signifikant häufiger Ausdauersport (58 vs. 38%,
p<0,01). Zwölf Monate nach der Rehabilitation sind für
beide Gruppen signifikante Verbesserungen im primären Outcome Teilhabe
festzustellen (p<0,01), der Unterschied zwischen den Gruppen erreichte
zwar keine statistische Signifikanz, allerdings bestand eine klare Tendenz
zugunsten der IG. Ähnliche Verläufe zeigen sich bei den meisten
sekundären Zielgrößen.
Schlussfolgerung Das Neue Credo wurde erstmals in der kardiologischen
Anschlussrehabilitation erprobt und evaluiert. Die große Mehrheit der
Beteiligten berichteten eine hohe Praktikabilität und eine hohe
Zufriedenheit. Hinsichtlich der gesundheitsbezogenen Outcomes ergaben sich
Hinweise auf positive Effekte, die zugunsten der IG ausfielen, allerdings
erreichten die Interaktionseffekte in den meisten Fällen keine
statistische Signifikanz. Bei der Zielgröße Steigerung der
körperlichen Aktivität ist die Interventionsgruppe klar im
Vorteil und profitiert vermutlich auch längerfristig von den Effekten
des regelmäßigen Ausdauertrainings.
Adjunctive Reboxetine for Schizophrenia: Meta-analysis of Randomized Double-blind, Placebo-controlled Trials
Authors: Zheng Wei , Li Xian-Bin , Shi Zhan-Ming , Yang Xin-Hu , Cai Dong-Bin , Ng Chee H. , Ungvari Gabor S. , Liu Wei-Jian , Wu Yu-Jie , Wang Yuan-Yuan , Ning Yu-Ping , Xiang Yu-Tao 
Published: June 2019

Abstract
Background Results of previous studies on the safety and efficacy of adjunctive reboxetine for schizophrenia have been inconsistent.
Aim The aim of this study was to examine the efficacy and tolerability of reboxetine as an adjunct medication to antipsychotic treatment in a meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials (RCTs).
Methods Two independent investigators extracted data for a random effects meta-analysis and assessed the quality of studies using risk of bias and the Jadad scale. Weighted and standardized mean differences (WMDs/SMDs) and risk ratio (RR)±95% confidence intervals (CIs) were calculated.
Results Nine RCTs (n=630) with double-blind design were identified. Reboxetine outperformed placebo in improving negative (9 RCTs, n=602, SMD: −0.47 [95% CI: −0.87, −0.07], p=0.02; I2=82%), but not the overall, positive, and general psychopathology scores. The significant therapeutic effect on negative symptoms disappeared in the sensitivity analysis after removing an outlying study and in 50% (6/12) of the subgroup analyses. Reboxetine outperformed placebo in reducing weight (3 RCTs, n=186, WMD: −3.83 kg, p=0.04; I2=92%) and body mass index (WMD: −2.23 kg/m2, p=0.04; I2=95%). Reboxetine caused dry mouth but was associated with less weight gain overall and weight gain of ≥7% of the initial weight. All-cause discontinuation and other adverse events were similar between reboxetine and placebo.
Conclusion Adjunctive reboxetine could be useful for attenuating antipsychotic-induced weight gain, but it was not effective in treating psychopathology including negative symptoms in schizophrenia.
Metabolic Profiling of Saponin-Rich Ophiopogon japonicus Roots Based on 1H NMR and HPTLC Platforms
Authors: Ge Yanhui , Chen Xiaojia , Gođevac Dejan , Bueno Paula C. P. , Salomé Abarca Luis F. , Jang Young Pyo , Wang Mei , Choi Young Hae 
Published: June 2019

AbstractIdeally, metabolomics should deal with all the metabolites that are found within cells and biological systems. The most common technologies for metabolomics include mass spectrometry, and in most cases, hyphenated to chromatographic separations (liquid chromatography- or gas chromatography-mass spectrometry) and nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy. However, limitations such as low sensitivity and highly congested spectra in nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy and relatively low signal reproducibility in mass spectrometry impede the progression of these techniques from being universal metabolomics tools. These disadvantages are more notorious in studies of certain plant secondary metabolites, such as saponins, which are difficult to analyse, but have a great biological importance in organisms. In this study, high-performance thin-layer chromatography was used as a supplementary tool for metabolomics. A method consisting of coupling 1H nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy and high-performance thin-layer chromatography was applied to distinguish between Ophiopogon japonicus roots that were collected from two growth locations and were of different ages. The results allowed the root samples from the two growth locations to be clearly distinguished. The difficulties encountered in the identification of the marker compounds by 1H nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy was overcome using high-performance thin-layer chromatography to separate and isolate the compounds. The saponins, ophiojaponin C or ophiopogonin D, were found to be marker metabolites in the root samples and proved to be greatly influenced by plant growth location, but barely by age variation. The procedure used in this study is fully described with the purpose of making a valuable contribution to the quality control of saponin-rich herbal drugs using high-performance thin-layer chromatography as a supplementary analytical tool for metabolomics research.
Ostomy Complications in Crohn's Disease
Authors: Aboulian Armen 
Published: June 2019

AbstractOstomy creation is a routine surgical procedure that has earned its place high in the surgeon's armamentarium in dealing with challenging situations. However, it is not without its complications. In this article, we review the common complications including parastomal hernia, prolapse, mucocutaneous junction separation with ischemia and stenosis, peristomal skin conditions, and infections. Additionally, we review conditions that arise in association with underlying Crohn's disease, such as peristomal inflammation, fistula formation, and pyoderma gangrenosum.
Does the Perceived Accuracy of Urine Drug Testing Impact Clinical Decision-Making?
Authors: Rosenfeld Barry , Budescu David V. , Han Ying , Foellmi Melodie , Kirsh Kenneth L. , Passik Steven D. 
Published: June 2019

Background Urine drug testing techniques have different rates of false-positive and false-negative test results. However, clinicians may have highly varying perceptions of test accuracy and may compensate for perceived inaccuracy by incorporating other factors into their interpretation of observed test results. Thus, there is the potential for adverse consequences from decisions based on inaccurate test results or interpretation. Methods We surveyed 466 members of the American Society of Addiction Medicine to examine clinicians’ perceptions of the accuracy of 2 types of urine drug tests, immunoassay (IA) and liquid chromatography–tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS), and the extent to which behavioral and demographic factors influence the interpretation of test results. Participants read 4 brief vignettes describing positive and negative test results in hypothetical patients who differed along several dimensions (gender, age, race/ethnicity, comorbid mental disorder, court-ordered versus voluntary status, treatment compliance). Outcome variables include likelihood of renewed drug use, likelihood of test error, whether to request additional testing, and whether to report the violation to a probation officer. Results The strongest predictor of study outcomes was treatment compliance (consistent versus inconsistent attendance), as this was the only independent variable to generate effect sizes of medium strength. Significant effect sizes were also found for type of test used (IA versus LC-MS/MS), legal status (court-mandated versus voluntary), presence of a comorbid mental disorder, treatment history, and race, although effect sizes for these variables were small and less consistently observed. Conclusions These results highlight the potential for error in clinician judgments about urine drug testing. Not only were participants likely to underestimate the accuracy of “confirmatory” LC-MS/MS testing, but vignettes suggested that a number of historical and demographic factors may influence interpretation of test results.
Substrate recognition by bacterial solute-binding protein is responsible for import of extracellular hyaluronan and chondroitin sulfate from the animal host
Authors: Oiki Sayoko , Sato Masahiro , Mikami Bunzo , Murata Kousaku , Hashimoto Wataru 
Published: June 2019

ABSTRACT
Glycosaminoglycans (GAGs) such as hyaluronan and chondroitin in animal extracellular matrices contain disaccharide-repeating units. In a Gram-negative pathogenic Streptobacillus moniliformis, which belongs to Fusobacteria phylum and resides in rodent oral cavities, the solute-binding protein (Smon0123)-dependent ATP-binding cassette transporter imports unsaturated hyaluronan/chondroitin disaccharides into the cytoplasm after GAG lyase-dependent depolymerization. Here we show substrate recognition of unsaturated hyaluronan disaccharide by Smon0123. Moreover, Smon0123 exhibited no affinity for unsaturated chondroitin disaccharides containing three sulfate groups, distinct from non-sulfated, mono-sulfated, and di-sulfated chondroitin disaccharides previously identified as substrates. Crystal structure of Smon0123 with unsaturated hyaluronan disaccharide demonstrates that several residues, including Trp284 and Glu410, are crucial for binding to unsaturated hyaluronan/chondroitin disaccharides, whereas arrangements of water molecules at binding sites are found to be substrate dependent through comparison with substrate-bound structures determined previously. These residues are well conserved in Smon0123-like proteins of fusobacteria, and probably facilitate the fusobacterial residence in hyaluronan-rich oral cavities.
Exact Solutions of an Alice-Bob KP Equation*
Authors: Wu Wen-Biao , Lou Sen-Yue 
Published: June 2019

Abstract
An Alice-Bob Kadomtsev-Petviashivili (ABKP) equation with shifted-parity (

P
^

s
x

parity with a shift for the space variable x) and delayed time reversal (

T
^

d

, time reversal with a delay) symmetries is investigated. The multi-soliton solutions with three arbitrary even or odd functions are found from the

P
^

s
x

T
^

d

symmetry reductions of a coupled local KP system. The result shows that for the ABKP equation with

P
^

s
x

T
^

d

nonlocality, the odd numbers of solitons are prohibited. The solitons of the ABKP must be paired. For the ABKPII equation, there exists a critical value of wave numbers for the existence of paired solitons. For the ABKPI equation, there are two types of “breather” excitations. A lump solution of the ABKPI may possess four, five or six leaves.
General Solution for Unsteady Natural Convection Flow with Heat and Mass in the Presence of Wall Slip and Ramped Wall Temperature
Authors: Jan Saeed Ullah , Haq Sami Ul , Shah Syed Inayat Ali , Khan Ilyas , Khan Muhammad Atif 
Published: June 2019

Abstract
This work is focused on the effect of heat and mass transfer with unsteady natural convection flow of viscous fluid along with ramped wall temperature under the assumption of the slip wall condition at the boundary. Analytical solutions are obtained by using Laplace transformation to the non-dimensional set of governing equations containing velocity, temperature and concentration. Moreover, the expression for skin-friction is derived by differentiating the analytical solutions of fluid velocity. Numerical tables for Skin-friction, Sherwood number and Nusselt-number are examined. For the physical aspects of the flow, we use various values of involved physical parameters such as Prandtl number (Pr), slip parameter (η), Schmidt number (Sc), buoyancy ratio parameter (N), Sherwood number (Sh), and time (t). Additionally, the general solutions are plotted graphically and a comprehensive theoretical section of numerical discussions is included.
Intermediate Energy Reactions Versus Heavy-Ion Fusion: Light Particle Emission and Post-Saddle Friction in the Presence of Deformation Effects*
Authors: Chen Na , Ye Wei 
Published: June 2019

Abstract
A decaying nucleus undergoes a change in deformation when it fissions. This affects the particle emission in the fission process. Using the dynamical Langevin model, we investigate the role of deformation in the sensitivity of post-saddle neutrons and light charged particles (LCPs) to the post-saddle friction strength (β) for heavy nuclei 240Am produced with different initial conditions: (i) a low excitation energy E* and a large spin ℓ (provided via a fusion mechanism) and (ii) a high E* and a large ℓ as well as a higher E* but a small ℓ (provided in peripheral and near-central intermediate energy heavy-ion reactions, respectively). It is shown that deformation obviously enhances the sensitivity of post-saddle neutrons to β at intermediate-energy peripheral collisions and that for case (i), the drop of LCPs emission due to deformation makes post-saddle LCPs to be almost insensitive to β, but for case (ii) LCPs still have a significant change with β. Furthermore, we find that post-saddle LCPs display a greater sensitivity to β for near-central collisions than for peripheral collisions. These results suggest that given the deformation effects, to better probe post-saddle dissipation properties with neutrons (LCPs) in experiments, it is best to choose those excited heavy nuclear systems populated in peripheral (near-central) collisions at intermediate energies.
Implementing Black Hole as Efficient Power Plant*
Authors: Wei Shao-Wen , Liu Yu-Xiao 
Published: June 2019

Abstract

Treating the black hole molecules as working substance and considering its phase structure, we study the black hole heat engine by a charged anti-de Sitter black hole. In the reduced temperature-entropy chart, it is found that the work, heat, and efficiency of the engine are free of the black hole charge. Applying the Rankine cycle with or without a back pressure mechanism to the black hole heat engine, the compact formula for the efficiency is obtained. And the heat, work and efficiency are worked out. The result shows that the black hole engine working along the Rankine cycle with a back pressure mechanism has a higher efficiency. This provides a novel and efficient mechanism to produce the useful mechanical work, and such black hole heat engine may act as a possible energy source for the high energy astrophysical phenomena near the black hole.
Microplasma assisted synthesis of gold nanoparticle/graphene oxide nanocomposites and their potential application in SERS sensing
Authors: Sun Daye , Tang Miao , Zhang Li , Falzon Brian G , Padmanaban Dilli Babu , Mariotti Davide , Maguire Paul , Xu Heping , Chen Mei , Sun Dan 
Published: June 2019

Abstract
This is the first study on the deployment of direct current atmospheric pressure microplasma technique for the single step synthesis of gold nanoparticle/graphene oxide (AuNP/GO) nanocomposites. The nanocomposites were characterized using ultraviolet–visible spectroscopy (UV–vis), x-ray diffraction and x-ray photoelectron spectroscopy and their formation mechanisms have been discussed in detail. Our AuNP/GO nanocomposites are highly biocompatible and have demonstrated surface enhanced Raman scattering (SERS) properties as compared to pure AuNPs and pure GO. Their potential as SERS substrate has been further demonstrated using probe molecules (methylene blue) at different concentrations.
Analysis of an industrial internship in the department of mechanical engineering with servqual, kano, and quality function deployment
Authors: Devi FA , Rofiq Z , Purnomo E 
Published: June 2019

Abstract

The objective of this study is to examine: (1) the real implementation of an industrial internship in Vocational High School 2 Klaten (2 the level of gap between the perceived quality and the expected quality of the implementation (3) attribute importance needed in improving the quality of the implementation (4) priorities that the school management must do for improving the quality. Data analysis used servqual, Kano model and quality function deployment. The data collection techniques were observation, questionnaires, interview, and documentation. The results of this study indicated the average performance based on the rating of students, teachers, and industry under expectation score (priority score). The gap level of tangibles was -0,47, reliability was -0,51, responsiveness was -0,57, assurance is -0,44 and empathy is -0,20. All of the attributes are important to improve the quality of industrial internship program. Prioritized strategies had to be done by school’s management were: (1) preparing infrastructure for internship participants (2) determining the feasibility standards of companies involved in the internship program (3) moral development of internship participants (4) determining duties and obligation of the supervisor teachers (5) setting the standard operating procedure of pre-implementation of the program (6) choosing standard activities for internship participants (7)setting the policy of internship’s wearpack