bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The application of civic technologies in a field survey of landslides
Authors: Chudý František , Slámová Martina , Tomaštík Julián , Tunák Daniel , Kardoš Miroslav , Saloň Šimon 
Published: April 2018

AbstractSlope failures are financially devastating natural hazards that contribute to land degradation in many areas throughout the world. The adaptation of civic technologies (Google Tango) in a field survey of landslides was examined. Data acquired from different resources and processed using different technologies were merged into a single model to concurrently demonstrate the interoperability and scalability of these data and the model quality. Reference control points were established using a survey‐grade Topcon Hiper SK global navigation satellite system receiver and a Topcon GPT 9003 M total station. An aerial survey was performed in an area of approximately 30,000 m2 using airborne laser scanning (9 points/m2) and aerial photogrammetry using a remotely piloted aircraft system (500 points/m2). The models suffered from data gaps in less visible areas, and micro‐scale landforms reflecting landslide activity were poorly visible. The missing details were supplied using data obtained from close‐range photogrammetry (9,132 m2; 92,300 points/m2) and a Lenovo Phab 2 Pro running Google Tango, which acquired detailed point clouds in near real‐time conditions (1,847 m2; 109,000 points/m2). Scans using the phablet provided point clouds with homogeneously dispersed data gaps, but the spatial accuracy was lower. However, the ergonomics of its field use and its low cost made it competitive with other technologies. The results confirmed that models based on point clouds acquired using different technologies allow the identification and measurement of micro‐scale landforms that may indicate landslide activity.
Effect of lead, cadmium, and mercury co‐contaminants on biodegradation in PAH‐polluted soils
Authors: Deary Michael E. , Ekumankama Chinedu C. , Cummings Stephen P. 
Published: April 2018

AbstractContamination of land by persistent organic pollutants has significant implications for human health and for future development potential. Bioremediation is an effective method for reducing the concentrations of such contaminants to below harmful levels, but the presence of co‐contaminants may hinder this process. Here, we present the results of a 40‐week microcosm study in which the biodegradation of 16 United States Environmental Protection Agency (USEPA) polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs; total: 2,166 mg kg−1) was followed in the presence of 3 different concentrations of cadmium (up to 620 mg kg−1) and lead (up to 782 mg kg−1) in a high organic matter soil. In the absence of metal treatment, 82% of PAHs were removed during the study period. Lead exerts a greater negative effect on total PAH removal than cadmium at low concentrations (approximately 100 mg kg−1) whilst cadmium exerts the greatest effect at higher concentrations (up to −27.7% reduction). Mercury, intended as the abiotic control (approximately 1,150 mg kg−1), exerts the greatest effect overall (−37%). Principal Component Analysis showed that PAH degradation was strongly associated with soil respiration rate, biomass content, and Ecoplate Average Well Colour Development. During the initial phase of the experiment, reduced microbial diversity was associated with increased PAH removal, consistent with literature observations for other organic contaminants, though this association was reversed after Week 12. Degradation of higher molecular weight PAHs showed the greatest sensitivity to the health of the microbial community. The effect of metal treatments on biotic parameters in microcosms without PAH amendment is also presented.
Growth Response of Juvenile Bluegills when Fed at Different Frequency and Delivery Methods
Authors: Zhang Yongfang , Dudenhoeffer Gregory A , Omara-Alwala Thomas R , Edwards Tyler , Wetzel James E 
Published: April 2018

Abstract
Bluegills Lepomis macrochirus (mean weight ± SE = 1.43 ± 0.01 g) within an indoor recirculating aquaculture system were fed a commercial feed 6 d/week by one of the following seven feeding regimes: hand fed once at 1200 hours (HF1); hand fed twice at 0800 and 1600 hours (HF2); hand fed three times at 0800, 1200, and 1600 hours (HF3); hand fed four times at 0800, 1040, 1320, and 1600 hours (HF4S); hand fed four times at 0800, 1200, 1600, and 2000 hours (HF4L); fed with a 12-h belt feeder (BF12); and fed with a 24-h belt feeder (BF24). After 8 weeks of feeding, Bluegill final weight, percent weight gain, specific growth rate (SGR), and feed intake increased significantly with increased hand-feeding frequency. No significant differences occurred in growth and feed utilization between the two belt-feeding regimes, and those fish had similar growth and feed utilization as the fish in HF2. Bluegills in HF4S and HF4L had significantly higher final weight, percent weight gain, SGR, and feed intake than all other treatments. Survival exceeded 96% for all treatments. This study suggests that during a 12-h feeding regime, four feedings evenly spaced support optimal growth of juvenile Bluegills when water temperature is maintained at 25°C.
Quantitative Evaluation of Paddlefish Sport Fisheries in Missouri's Large Reservoirs: Implications for the Management of Trophy Sport Fisheries
Authors: Hupfeld Ryan N. , Phelps Quinton E. , Tripp Sara J. , Herzog David P. 
Published: April 2018

Abstract
Lake of the Ozarks, Harry S. Truman Reservoir, and Table Rock Lake in Missouri contain important recreational fisheries for trophy Paddlefish Polyodon spathula. These three reservoirs were created by damming major rivers. Because of river modifications, Paddlefish natural reproduction is thought to be limited; subsequently, populations have been maintained through supplementation and harvest regulations. However, these fisheries have not been thoroughly assessed, and the applicability of management actions (e.g., supplementation and minimum length limits) has not been fully evaluated. Population simulations indicated that changes in the amount of trophy-sized Paddlefish and broodstock remaining were similar among the three reservoirs, with larger minimum length limits resulting in a greater proportion of mature and trophy-sized individuals. However, the number of Paddlefish that could be harvested at Harry S. Truman Reservoir and Lake of the Ozarks was much greater than at Table Rock Lake. These disparities are likely attributable to the amount of supplementation occurring at each reservoir. Based on unmarked fish from each reservoir, the percentage of sampled fish that were considered wild suggested that natural reproduction is occurring in Lake of the Ozarks (51.5%), Harry S. Truman Reservoir (83.9%), and Table Rock Lake (13.7%). Considering the Missouri Department of Conservation's desired management goals for maintaining trophy fisheries, a minimum length limit of at least 864 mm is suggested. If supplementation, natural reproduction, and harvest regulations are inadequate, reductions in Paddlefish abundance, size structure, harvest, and popularity could occur. One motivator for anglers to participate in trophy fisheries is the opportunity to catch a rare, unique, and large fish. Declines in a trophy fishery could cause economic losses to local areas and state agencies; thus, having an adaptive management plan in place to manage trophy fisheries is imperative.
Strong Hearts, Healthy Communities: A Community‐Based Randomized Trial for Rural Women
Authors: Seguin Rebecca A. , Paul Lynn , Folta Sara C. , Nelson Miriam E. , Strogatz David , Graham Meredith L. , Diffenderfer Anna , Eldridge Galen , Parry Stephen A. 
Published: April 2018

ObjectiveThe aim of this study was to evaluate a multilevel cardiovascular disease (CVD) prevention program for rural women.MethodsThis 6‐month, community‐based, randomized trial enrolled 194 sedentary rural women aged 40 or older with BMI ≥ 25 kg/m2. Intervention participants attended 6 months of twice‐weekly exercise, nutrition, and heart health classes (48 total) that included individual‐, social‐, and environment‐level components. An education‐only control program included didactic healthy lifestyle classes once a month (six total). The primary outcome measures were change in BMI and weight.ResultsWithin‐group and between‐group multivariate analyses revealed that only intervention participants decreased BMI (−0.85 units; 95% CI: −1.32 to −0.39; P = 0.001) and weight (−2.24 kg; 95% CI: −3.49 to −0.99; P = 0.002). Compared with controls, intervention participants decreased BMI (difference: −0.71 units; 95% CI: −1.35 to −0.08; P = 0.03) and weight (1.85 kg; 95% CI: −3.55 to −0.16; P = 0.03) and improved C‐reactive protein (difference: −1.15 mg/L; 95% CI: −2.16 to −0.15; P = 0.03) and Simple 7, a composite CVD risk score (difference: 0.67; 95% CI: 0.14 to 1.21; P = 0.01). Cholesterol decreased among controls but increased in the intervention group (−7.85 vs. 3.92 mg/dL; difference: 11.77; 95% CI: 0.57 to 22.96; P = 0.04).ConclusionsThe multilevel intervention demonstrated modest but superior and meaningful improvements in BMI and other CVD risk factors compared with the control program.
Anti‐bacterial poly(vinyl alcohol) nanocomposite hydrogels reinforced within situsynthesized silver nanoparticles
Authors: Golabdar Atena , Adelnia Hossein , Moshtzan Nooshafarin , Nasrollah Gavgani Jaber , Izadi‐Vasafi Hossein 
Published: April 2018

This work describes fabrication and properties of anti‐bacterial poly(vinyl alcohol)/silver nanoparticles (PVA/AgNPs) nanocomposite hydrogels prepared via cyclic freeze‐thaw. The AgNPs, at different concentrations, were synthesizedin situin PVA solution, without employing either capping or reducing agent. Stable AgNPs with the average diameter of 16 nm uniformly dispersed in PVA was obtained. The presence of 2 wt% of AgNPs enhanced tensile strength and elongation at break by 40 and 31%, respectively due to extended network formation between AgNPs and PVA. AgNPs also provided the hydrogels with anti‐bacterial capability, while did not change water uptake markedly. Furthermore, the electrical conductivity of 1.5105S cm−1was achieved by the addition of as low as 2 wt% of AgNPs. POLYM. COMPOS., 40:1322–1328, 2019. © 2018 Society of Plastics Engineers
Meiotic spindle size is a strong indicator of human oocyte quality
Authors: Tomari Hiroyuki , Honjo Ko , Kunitake Katsuko , Aramaki Natsumi , Kuhara Saori , Hidaka Naomi , Nishimura Kayoko , Nagata Yumi , Horiuchi Toshitaka 
Published: April 2018

AbstractPurposeTo investigate the relationship between the meiotic spindle size in human metaphase II oocytes and embryo developmental potential after intracytoplasmic sperm injection (ICSI).MethodsAnalyzed were 1302 oocytes with a visible meiotic spindle from 281 patients aged under 40 years undergoing ICSI cycles. The meiotic spindle was imaged by using PolScope before ICSI. The oocytes were classified into three groups, according to spindle size: group A (<90 μm2), group B (90‐120 μm2), and group C (>120 μm2).ResultsOverall, 389 (29.9%) oocytes were classified into group A, 662 (50.8%) into group B, and 251 (19.3%) into group C. The fertilization rate of the group B oocytes was significantly higher than for the A and C oocytes. The blastocyst formation rate in group B was significantly higher than in group A. In addition, the pregnancy rate in group B was significantly higher than in the other two groups.ConclusionThe oocytes with a spindle size of 90‐120 μm2 showed higher fertilization, blastocyst formation, and clinical pregnancy rates than those with larger or smaller spindles. The measurement of the meiotic spindle size thus has a positive predictive value for identifying human embryo developmental potential clinically.
Penile Prosthesis Implantation in Patients With Peyronie's Disease: Results of the PROPPER Study Demonstrates a Decrease in Patient-Reported Depression
Authors: Khera Mohit , Bella Anthony , Karpman Edward , Brant William , Christine Brian , Kansas Bryan , Jones LeRoy , Kohler Tobias , Bennett Nelson , Rhee Eugene , Henry Gerard 
Published: April 2018

Abstract

Background
Although there is a strong correlation between erectile dysfunction and Peyronie's disease (PD), there are limited data on the efficacy and satisfaction of inflatable penile prosthesis (IPP) placement in this population.

Aim
To assess the efficacy and overall satisfaction of IPP placement in men with erectile dysfunction and concomitant PD using the Prospective Registry of Outcomes with Penile Prosthesis for Erectile Restoration (PROPPER).

Methods
Data from the PROPPER study were examined to determine patient baseline characteristics and primary and secondary etiologies before IPP treatment and included type and size of implant received, presence of corporal fibrosis, and operative time. Men completed 5 validated questionnaires at baseline and annually out to 5 years.

Outcomes
IPP placement was performed in 250 patients with PD with comparable surgical times and outcomes as in patients without PD.

Results
1,180 men underwent IPP insertion at 11 sites; of these, 250 (21.2%) were diagnosed with PD. This is an ongoing study; 1- and 2-year data are available for 177 (70.8%) and 130 (52.0%) patients, respectively. Intraoperatively, 51.2% patients with PD had corporal fibrosis, with an average operative time of 52.8 minutes. At baseline, 19.3% of men (36 of 187) with PD reported being depressed, with a decrease to 10.5% (6 of 57; P = .02) and 10.9% (5 of 46; P = .07) at 1- and 2-year follow-ups, respectively. More than 80% of patients with PD were satisfied or very satisfied at 1- and 2-year follow-ups. In addition, more than 88% of patients with PD were using their device at the 1- and 2-year follow-up visits.

Clinical Implications
Patients with concomitant PD and erectile dysfunction can safely and effectively have an IPP placed with similar outcomes as patients without PD.

Strengths and Limitations
The 1st limitation was that all participating prosthetic urologists were high-volume implanters and these results might not be representative of those of general urologists. A 2nd limitation was that none of the patients were randomized. A 3rd limitation was that although most study points were mandatory, some of the data collection, including depression data, was optional, with not all sites participating. A 4th limitation was that depression data were self-reported.

Conclusion
IPP can be inserted in patients with PD with acceptable patient satisfaction and usage and depressive symptoms appear to lessen in patients with PD after IPP placement.
Faculty mentorship during residency and professional development among practising emergency physicians
Authors: Fernando Shannon M. , Cheung Warren J. , Choi Stephen B. , Thurgur Lisa , Frank Jason R. 
Published: April 2018

CLINICIAN’S CAPSULEWhat is known about the topic?Mentorship is perceived to be an important component of residency education; however, evidence on its influence in emergency medicine is lacking.What did this study ask?We surveyed emergency physicians in Canada to identify the association between mentorship during residency and professional development and attitudes regarding mentorship.What did this study find?While many participants consulted their mentor regarding their first job, fewer contacted their mentor regarding subspecialty training or research.Why does this study matter to clinicians?Mentorship during residency may have a greater association with the location of practice than with academic scholarship or subspecialty training.
Spectral signatures of submicron scale light-absorbing impurities in snow and ice using hyperspectral microscopy
Authors: DAL FARRA ANNA , KASPARI SUSAN , BEACH JAMES , BUCHELI THOMAS D. , SCHAEPMAN MICHAEL , SCHWIKOWSKI MARGIT 
Published: April 2018

ABSTRACTLight-absorbing impurities (LAI) can darken snow and ice surfaces, reduce snow/ice albedo and accelerate melt. Efforts to allocate the relative contribution of different LAI to snow/ice albedo reductions have been limited by uncertainties in the optical properties of LAI. We developed a new method to measure LAI spectral reflectance at the submicron scale by modifying a Hyperspectral Imaging Microscope Spectrometer (HIMS). We present the instrument's internal calibration, and the overall small influence of a particle's orientation on its measured reflectance spectrum. We validated this new method through the comparison with a field spectroradiometer by measuring different standard materials. Measurements with HIMS at the submicron scale and the bulk measurements of the same standard materials with the field spectroradiometer are in good agreement with an average deviation between the spectra of 3.2% for the 400–1000 nm wavelength range. The new method was used (1) to identify BC (black carbon), mineral dust including hematite and the humic substances present in an environmental sample from Plaine Morte glacier and (2) to collect the individual reflectance spectra of each of these types of impurity. The results indicate that this method is applicable to heterogeneous samples such as the LAI found in snow and ice.
Rational Cup Product and Algebraic K0-Groups of Rings of Continuous Functions
Authors: Kihara Hiroshi , Oda Nobuyuki 
Published: April 2018

AbstractA connected space is called a C0-space if its rational cup product is trivial. A characterizing property of C0-spaces is obtained. This property is used to calculate the algebraic K0-group K0(C𝔽(X)) of the ring of continuous functions for infinite-dimensional complexes X.
Effect of balanced fertilizers on soil quality and lentil yield in Gangetic alluvial soils of India
Authors: Singh S. R. , Kundu D. K. , Dey P. , Singh Pushpa , Mahapatra B. S. 
Published: April 2018

AbstractDeclining pulse production has caused wide concern in recent years. A field experiment was conducted to investigate effects of balance fertilizers based on soil test values and targeted yield equations on soil biological activities, soil quality, nutrient acquisition and grain yield of lentil. Treatments included the use of farmyard manure (FYM), bio-inoculants and inorganic fertilizers at different rates and combinations. The results revealed significant improvement in nodulation, microbial counts, microbial biomass carbon (MBC), soil respiration, soil enzymes and soil organic carbon (SOC) with integrated approaches (i.e. fertilizer plus FYM or bio-inoculants); these improvements led to achievement of the specific target yield of 1.50 t/ha. Although the highest yield was achieved with fertilizers applied for a target yield of 2.0 t/ha, there was significant decline in nodulation, microbial counts, MBC, soil respiration, soil enzymes, SOC and soil quality. Correlation between soil quality index (SQI) and grain yield suggested a significant influence of balanced fertilization based on soil tests and target yield. Principal component analysis revealed the average contribution of soil quality indicators towards SQI was in descending order of SOC > acid phosphatase activity > total culturable fungi > available phosphorus > BMC, which are crucial for sustainable lentil production in alluvial soils.
How sequential reduction of terminal electron acceptors modulates nitrification and dynamics of nitrifying bacteria and archaea in a tropical vertisol
Authors: Mohanty Santosh Ranjan , Yadav Rakhi , Dubey Garima , Ahirwar Usha , Ahirwar Neha , Aparna K. , Rao D. L. N. , Kollah Bharati 
Published: April 2018

AbstractNitrification potential of a tropical vertisol saturated with water was estimated during sequential reduction of nitrate (NO3−), ferric iron (Fe3+), sulphate (SO42−) and carbon dioxide (CO2) in terminal electron-accepting processes (TEAPs). In general, the TEAPs enhanced potential nitrification rate (PNR) of the soil. Nitrification was highest at Fe3+reduction followed by SO42−reduction, NO3−reduction and lowest in unreduced control soil. Predicted PNR correlated significantly with the observed PNR. Electron donor Fe2+stimulated PNR, while S2−inhibited it significantly. Terminal-restriction fragment length polymorphism targeting theamoAgene of ammonia-oxidizing bacteria (AOB) and ammonia-oxidizing archaea (AOA) highlighted population dynamics during the sequential reduction of terminal electron acceptors. Only the relative abundance of AOA varied significantly during the course of soil reduction. Relative abundance of AOB correlated with NO3−and Fe2+. Linear regression models predicted PNR from the values of NO3−, Fe2+and relative abundance of AOA. Principal component analysis of PNR during different reducing conditions explained 72.90% variance by PC1 and 19.52% variance by PC2. Results revealed that AOA might have a significant role in nitrification during reducing conditions in the tropical flooded ecosystem of a vertisol.
Brategg: the polar vessel that was also Jopeter, Polarbjørn, Lady Johnson II, Beothic Endeavour and Arctic Trader
Authors: Sefland Magnus 
Published: April 2018

ABSTRACTThe history of maritime activity in polar regions is highly dynamic. It is the record of the fortunes of men and machines driven before the winds of economic and social change, scientific discovery, technological development and world events. This paper describes the career of the Norwegian Arctic sealer Brategg during the six decades from its construction in 1932 to its destruction in 1994. Although a record of a single vessel, Brategg’s story, involving investment and bankruptcy, war service, shipwreck, and innovation and renovation in both Arctic and Antarctic waters, also serves as a model of the changing times and fortunes of the Norwegian polar fleet as a whole across the twentieth century.
Facilitation of positive social interaction through visual art in dementia: a case study using video-analysis
Authors: SCHNEIDER JUSTINE , HAZEL SPENCER , MORGNER CHRISTIAN , DENING TOM 
Published: April 2018

ABSTRACTThe aims of this exploratory study were: to investigate the process of visual art appreciation in a person with dementia, in real time; and to test the feasibility of using video-analysis as a method to explore this process by and with a person who has minimal verbal expression. Gallery personnel guided a woman with severe dementia around an exhibition. Audio-visual recordings of the interactions were analysed. Patterns were identified, and interpreted in the light of conversation analysis theory and research. Evidence was found of turn-taking vocalisations on the part of the research participant. Her participation in a dialogical process was facilitated by the skilled and empathic gallery personnel in ways that the analysis makes clear. We argue that this supports the inference that successful communicative acts took place, contrary to expectations in the light of the participant's level of disability. We demonstrate in this paper how a woman with minimal speech due to dementia was enabled to engage with visual art through the facilitation of an expert guide, attuned to her needs. This is a novel example of a person-centred approach, because it takes place outside the context of caring, which is the typical setting for examining person-centred ways of relating to individuals with dementia.
Del Pezzo surfaces over finite fields and their Frobenius traces
Authors: BANWAIT BARINDER , FITÉ FRANCESC , LOUGHRAN DANIEL 
Published: April 2018

AbstractLetSbe a smooth cubic surface over a finite field$\mathbb{F}$q. It is known that #S($\mathbb{F}$q) = 1 +aq+q2for somea∈ {−2, −1, 0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 7}. Serre has asked which values ofacan arise for a givenq. Building on special cases treated by Swinnerton–Dyer, we give a complete answer to this question. We also answer the analogous question for other del Pezzo surfaces, and consider the inverse Galois problem for del Pezzo surfaces over finite fields. Finally we give a corrected version of Manin's and Swinnerton–Dyer's tables on cubic surfaces over finite fields.