bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
No clinically relevant relationship between different quantitative measurement methods of the lateral femoral condyle morphology on lateral radiographs in anterior cruciate ligament‐injured patients
Authors: Ubl Steffen T. , Harmes Johannes C. , Koch Evamaria , Wafaisade Arasch , Guenther Daniel , Bouillon Bertil , Pfeiffer Thomas R. 
Published: November 2024

AbstractPurposeTo clarify whether different methods of quantifying lateral femoral condyle (LFC) bone morphology as risk factors for anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) injury on lateral radiographs should be considered as individual risk factors and to assess inter‐ and intraobserver reliability.MethodsWe retrospectively reviewed 487 patients undergoing primary ACL reconstruction at our institution. Routine lateral radiographs of the injured knees were utilized to measure the following parameters: LFC ratio (LFCR), height of LFC to anteroposterior diameter ratio (HAPR), femur tibia size ratio (FTSR), tibia to posterior femoral condyle ratio (TPFCR) and Porto ratios (XY/AB; B/AB; B/XY). Malrotated radiographs were excluded. Pearson's correlation coefficients were used to identify relationships. Intraclass correlation coefficients were calculated for inter‐ and intraobserver reliability for two raters.ResultsFifty‐eight patients were included. Means and standard deviations for LFCR were 63.7% ± 2.8%, HAPR 0.35 ± 0.02, FTSR 1.23 ± 0.07, TPFCR 2.99 ± 0.28, XY/AB 0.41 ± 0.08, B/AB 1.20 ± 0.06 and B/XY 3.05 ± 0.58. Significant correlations were observed between FTSR and XY/AB (r = 0.425), B/AB (r = 0.582) and TPFCR (r = −0.326), between XY/AB and HAPR (r = −0.309) and B/XY (r = −0.933) and between TPFCR and B/AB (r = 0.302). Intraobserver agreement was excellent for LFCR, HAPR, FTSR, TPFCR and B/AB and good for XY/AB and B/XY. Interobserver agreement varied from poor for XY/AB and B/XY, good for HAPR, B/AB, FTSR and TPFCR to excellent for LFCR.ConclusionDifferent methods of quantifying LFC bone morphology should be considered as individual risk factors, characterized by good to excellent intraobserver reliability, but highly variable interobserver reliability.Level of EvidenceLevel III.
Edge‐arc‐disjoint paths in semicomplete mixed graphs
Authors: Bang‐Jensen J. , Wang Y. 
Published: November 2024

AbstractThe so‐called weak‐2‐linkage problem asks for a given digraph and distinct vertices of whether has arc‐disjoint paths so that is an ‐path for . This problem is NP‐complete for general digraphs but the first author showed that the problem is polynomially solvable and that all exceptions can be characterized when is a semicomplete digraph, that is, a digraph with no pair of nonadjacent vertices. In this paper we extend these results to paths which are both edge‐disjoint and arc‐disjoint in semicomplete mixed graphs, that is, a mixed graph in which every pair of distinct vertices has either an arc, an edge, or both an arc and an edge between them. We give a complete characterization of the negative instances and explain how this gives rise to a polynomial algorithm for the problem.
Analytical Model for Heat Transfer Around Energy Piles in Layered Soil With Interfacial Thermal Resistance by Integral Transform Method
Authors: Zhou Xiangyun , Zhang Qingkai , Sun De'an , Gao You , Wen Minjie , Tan Yunzhi 
Published: November 2024

ABSTRACTEnergy piles are commonly deployed in vertically layered geological conditions due to the geological structure and pile foundation backfill. The imperfect contact between adjacent soil layers results in resistance to heat transfer at the interface, known as the interfacial thermal resistance effect. In this paper, the energy pile was simplified as a finite‐length solid cylindrical heat source, and an analytical model was established for layered heat transfer of energy piles considering the interfacial thermal resistance effect. The Laplace‐domain solutions to the temperatures in the layered ground were derived by using the finite Hankel and Laplace transforms. The Crump method was subsequently employed to numerically invert Laplace‐domain solutions to the time‐domain solutions. The proposed model was validated by comparing with an analytical solution of a homogeneous model and COMSOL numerical solution. These solutions were used to analyze the temperature response around energy piles considering interfacial thermal resistance. Finally, a parametric study was performed to explore the effects of interfacial thermal resistance and other thermal properties of the soil layer on the layered heat transfer of energy piles.
Parenteral nutrition dependence and growth in pediatric patients with intestinal failure following transition to blenderized tube feedings: A case series
Authors: DePaula Brittany , Mitchell Paul D. , Reese E. , Gray Megan , Duggan Christopher P. 
Published: November 2024

AbstractBackgroundHuman milk and amino acid (AA) formulas are correlated with a shorter duration of parenteral nutrition (PN) dependence for infants with intestinal failure (IF). Literature to guide feeding practices beyond infancy in this population is limited. We aimed to assess PN dependence, growth patterns, and stool frequency in pediatric patients with IF who transitioned from AA or hydrolyzed formula to blenderized tube feedings (BTFs).MethodsWe performed a retrospective review among children with IF observed at Boston Children's Hospital from January 2014 to January 2019. Inclusion criteria were receipt of BTF for ≥3 months at a volume of ≥200 ml/day and ≥2 outpatient visits during the study period. Patients who received BTF in combination with another formula or food purees were excluded.ResultsTwelve children met criteria. Eleven had a small bowel resection with mean residual small bowel length of 51 ± 47 cm. Two retained their ileocecal valve (ICV), and eight had colonic resection. All patients were dependent on PN with mean (SD) energy intake of 51 ± 21 kcal/kg/day. After transition to BTF, three patients (25%) achieved enteral autonomy, and seven (58%) had a reduction in PN energy intake. Anthropometric data and stool frequency were generally unchanged.ConclusionThe transition from AA or hydrolyzed formula to BTF was associated with a substantial reduction in PN support in 12 children with IF. Stool frequency and growth parameters were not significantly changed. Our findings suggest that the use of BTF in older children with IF should be considered.
Pediatric Adenotonsillectomy Opioid Prescriptions Before and After Practice Guidelines and American Academy of Pediatrics Challenge
Authors: Khan Najm S. , Allen David Z. , Yiu Yin , Ahmed Omar G. , Takashima Masayoshi , Jiang Zi Y. 
Published: November 2024

AbstractThe opioid epidemic continues to concern the CDC and public health officials but recent trends in opioid prescribing rates following common pediatric otolaryngology surgeries are unexplored. This retrospective cohort study queried the TriNetX Research database from January 1, 2010, through December 31, 2023, for pediatric patients who underwent tonsillectomy and/or adenoidectomy and received oral opioids within 5 days of surgery. Prescription trends from 2010 to 2017 were compared to 2022 to 2023, after the publication of multiple clinical practice guidelines (CPGs). Of 286,572 surgeries, 29% of patients received postoperative opioids. Comparing the 2 time periods, a significant decrease was observed in the risk of postoperative opioid prescriptions following 2022 (RR 0.87, CI95% 0.86‐0.88). Prescribing rates decreased between 2018 and 2023 from 34% to 24%. Publication of CPGs were associated with a decrease in opioid prescribing rates and may have contributed to an encouraging trend in opioid stewardship.
Asymptomatic Primary Hyperparathyroidism: A Misnomer
Authors: Eberly Hänel W. , Sciscent Bao Y. , Lorenz F. Jeffrey , Goyal Neerav , Goldenberg David 
Published: November 2024

AbstractPrimary hyperparathyroidism (PHPT) is an endocrine disorder marked by elevated secretion of parathyroid hormone (PTH), which results in hypercalcemia and may cause complications in the kidneys and bones. Diagnosing this condition involves ruling out secondary causes and understanding the complexities of the laboratory values associated with PHPT. The disease has become more recognizable to clinicians in an earlier phase thanks to updated screening guidelines. At present, patients can be diagnosed with “classic,” “normocalcemic,” “normohormonal,” or “asymptomatic” PHPT. Many patients are diagnosed through incidental findings of elevated calcium levels or PTH levels during routine blood tests rather than through the presentation of classic symptoms. If asked, patients will invariably harbor subtle or subclinical manifestations despite the absence of overt symptoms. There is debate on whether truly asymptomatic hyperparathyroidism exists.1 We explore the definition and clinical patterns of asymptomatic hyperparathyroidism and propose concise recommendations for recognizing these patients.
Interferometric analysis of the opto‐mechanical properties for polyamide‐6 antimicrobial fibers
Authors: El‐Bakary Mohammed A. , Sadik Adel M. , Ahmed Donia U. 
Published: November 2024

AbstractPolyamide‐6 fibers were modified for use as antimicrobial fibers using two complementary methods: grafting with polyacrylic acid and silver nanoparticle treatment. The grafted samples exhibited different grafting yields of 7%, 8.8%, 10%, and 20.7%. Subsequently, two grafted samples (7% and 20.7% yields) were treated with silver nanoparticles (Ag NPs). The grafting process and the silver nanotreament were successfully confirmed using FTIR spectroscopy and SEM microscopy. Shake‐ flask method was used to study the cell viability of nanotreated samples. A two‐beam Mach–Zehnder interferometer was used to characterize the opto‐mechnaical and structural properties of the modified samples. For this purpose, a mechanical drawing device was equipped with the interferometer. The results indicated that with increasing grafting yield, optical properties decreased in both directions of light vibration. A fitting method was employed to calculate intrinsic optical properties that help to determine structural properties. Mechanical properties, including tensile strength and elongation at break, were also examined. Treatment of the grafted samples with silver nanoparticles improved their optical, mechanical, and antimicrobial properties. These findings confirmed that the PA‐6‐g‐PAA 20.7%‐t‐Ag NPs sample is suitable for various medical applications. Figures and tables are provided for illustration.Highlights
PA‐6 fiber has been modified for medical applications by complementary processes.
Grafting process introduced additional functional groups and enhanced ductility.
Ag nano‐treatment gives the grafted PA‐6 fiber good antimicrobial activity.
Interferometry precisely characterizes structural and opto‐mechanical properties.
PA‐6‐g‐PAA20.7%‐t‐Ag NPs sample has good mechanical and antimicrobial properties.
Physicochemical Mechanism of Flame‐Retardant Enhancement for Elastomeric Polyurea: A Mini‐Review
Authors: Li Yuanzhe , Yang Haoyi , Chen Xinze , Liu Diannan 
Published: November 2024

ABSTRACTPolyurea coatings are widely used in various industries due to their excellent mechanical properties, such as high tensile strength, abrasion resistance, and chemical resistance. However, their lack of inherent flame retardancy limits their use in applications where fire safety is critical. Therefore, reinforcing the fire‐retardant properties of traditional polyurea through various means can effectively protect the product while reducing the risk of fire. This paper provides a summary of several advanced methods for improving flame retardancy. It systematically analyzes the advantages and disadvantages of these methods and proposes improvement measures to enhance efficiency. Additionally, the paper proposes new methods to increase the fire resistance of polyurea. These include the addition of new flame‐retardant additives and the substitution of the backbone of polyurea, making it suitable for more industrial applications. This mini‐review can also serve as a valuable reference for future research on improving the flame retardancy of elastomeric polyurea materials.
Automatic Landmark Detection for Preoperative Planning of High Tibial Osteotomy Using Traditional Feature Extraction and Deep Learning Methods
Authors: Han Jiaqi , Ma Xinlong , Lyu Yiou , Bai Haohao 
Published: November 2024

ABSTRACTBackgroundAutomatic High Tibial Osteotomy (HTO) landmark detection methods promise to improve the effectiveness and standardisation of HTO preoperative planning. Unfortunately, due to the limited number of HTO datasets, existing methods are less robust when dealing with patients with varied deformities than traditional manual planning, severely limiting their clinical viability and application in practical surgical settings.MethodsHere, we present a new HTO landmark detection framework using an integration of optimised heatmap‐offset aggregation method and traditional feature extraction. Subjective and objective approaches were employed to reflect the final clinical acceptance of our model.ResultsAverage Mean Absolute Error of prediction results compared to the surgeon's gold standard was 0.35° for the hip‐knee‐ankle angle. The objective score rated by surgeons reached 4.4 on a scale of 5.ConclusionThe study demonstrated that the automatic detection method has great potential serving as an alternative to manual radiological analysis in practical surgical pre‐operative planning.
Ultrafast Spectroscopic Studies on Excited State Dynamics of Different Alkyl Substituted Perylene Monoimides in Solution and Thin Films
Authors: Dhami Suman , Khatun Mst Nasima , Sengupta Chaitrali , Iyer Parameswar Krishnan , Pandey Ravindra 
Published: November 2024

AbstractPerylene monoimides (PMI) are a unique class of polyaromatic molecules, which are known to undergo interesting excited state processes, making them attractive for the applications in optoelectronic devices. In this paper a comprehensive investigation is conducted on the photophysical properties and excited state dynamics of a series of PMI derivatives (PMI‐C18, PMI‐CE6, PMI‐C8, and PMI‐C6), with varying side chains substituted at the imide position. These studies involved utilization of both steady state and time resolved spectroscopic techniques. Femtosecond transient absorption (TA) spectroscopic studies demonstrated that PMI derivatives exhibit similar fluorescence characteristic in solution, irrespective of the various side chains substituted at the imide position. However, in thin films the various side chains led to prominent differences in their packing arrangement, which leads to difference in the TA spectra as compared to solution. The difference in the packing arrangement in PMI thin films is studied using X‐ray diffraction (XRD) spectroscopy. It is notable that the PMI‐CE6 thin films exhibited the existence of triplet state. The distinctive behavior of PMI‐CE6 is attributed to the distinct packing arrangement, providing role of molecular structure in influencing the excited state dynamics. The triplet state formation in PMI thin films renders them well‐suited for utilization in optoelectronic devices.
Synthesis of α‐NiS Decorated Fe3S4 Nanohybrid Composite and Its Heterogeneous Fenton Catalysis for Dye Degradation
Authors: Bhuyan Priyanga Manjuri , Sut Nayana , Borah Shristirupa , Hazarika Swapnali , Sharma Brajendra K. , Kim Jaemin , Gogoi Parikshit 
Published: November 2024

AbstractGreigite (Fe3S4) and millerite (NiS) are important transition metal sulfides that exhibit light‐driven Fenton catalytic activity. In absence of light, they show limited activity. To utilize these properties without relying on light, we synergized these sulfides to prepare a composite Fe3S4–NiS (FSNS). Under fixed reaction conditions, the composite demonstrated excellent Fenton activity, degrading 93% of fast green dye (FG) and 98.1% of eriochrome black T dye (EBT) within a short reaction time. The mechanism involves electron transfer from the reduced sulfur state (S2−) in both NiS and Fe3S4 to the higher oxidation states of the metal ions viz. Fe3+and Ni3+ to facilitate the redox cyclization in the Fenton process. The catalyst showed high stability for five cyclical tests by recovering it from solution with an external magnet.
Biomedical Applications of Phytosynthesized Silver Nanoparticles (Ag NPs) Using Grewia Asiatica L. Berry Extract
Authors: Shrivastava Sumit K. , Kulshreshtha Asita , Chaudhary Dhirendra K. , Gangwar Rajesh K. , Singh Santpal , Tiwari Abhishek P. , Srivastava Shikha , Banerjee Monisha , Kumar Saurabh , Parveen Shama , Kumari Dimple 
Published: November 2024

AbstractIn this study, we present a green synthesis approach for synthesis of silver nanoparticles (Ag NPs) using Grewia Asiatica L. berries through a phytosynthesis method. In this synthesis procedure the Grewia Asiatica L. berry extract served as a natural reducing agent in the phytosynthesis of GA‐Ag NPs. The synthesized Ag NPs were characterized using various physico‐chemical techniques, revealing their spherical morphology of average size of ∼20 nm. These Ag NPs exhibited significant antibacterial activity against both Gram‐negative and Gram‐positive bacterial strains. Additionally, the GA‐Ag NPs demonstrated anticancer properties, with an IC50 value of approximately 5 µM. The study highlights the potential of Grewia Asiatica L. berry extract as a novel, nontoxic, eco‐friendly, and cost‐effective method for synthesizing silver nanoparticles with promising antibacterial and anticancer activities.
Highly Sensitive Electrochemical Detection of Chlorpromazine Using Broccoli‐Like Copper–Aluminum‐Layered Double Hydroxide‐Modified Platinum Electrode
Authors: Narayanan Charuchitra Siva Sankara , Srinivasan Soorya , LS Sivagaama Sundari , Ezhilan Madeshwari , Nesakumar Noel , Gunasekaran Balu Mahendran , Hariharan G. 
Published: November 2024

AbstractChlorpromazine (CPZ), an antipsychotic drug derived from phenothiazine, can cause a range of adverse effects in humans, notably visual problems and hematological disorders upon consumption of chlorpromazine‐contaminated water. In this regard, a novel electrochemical sensing platform based on a copper–aluminum‐layered double hydroxide (Cu–Al LDH)‐modified platinum electrode for the highly sensitive and selective detection of chlorpromazine in groundwater samples has been developed. The immobilized Cu–Al LDH showed an electrocatalytic effect on chlorpromazine reduction and oxidation. Among the employed electroanalytical techniques, only the square‐wave voltammetry‐assisted Pt/Cu–Al LDH electrode could detect chlorpromazine with a remarkable sensitivity of 0.065 µA µM−1 over a broad linear detection range of 0.01–760 µM, with low detection and quantification limits of 4.86 and 16.18 nM, respectively. Furthermore, the developed electrode can rapidly detect chlorpromazine within less than 10 s. In addition, the diffusion profiles of steady‐state concentrations of oxidized and reduced chlorpromazine within the immobilized Cu–Al were studied using the Legendre wavelet method. Moreover, the developed Pt/Cu–Al LDH electrode demonstrated satisfactory rates in the quantification of chlorpromazine in groundwater samples, yielding satisfactory recovery rates (97.63–102.57%), confirming the practicability of the fabricated electrode in real‐time monitoring of chlorpromazine levels in groundwater without requiring any sample pretreatment.
New Double Perovskite Solar Cell Containing Ba3PCl3 (A3BX3) and CsSnI3 (ABX3) Leading to an Improved Efficiency Above 30%
Authors: Rahman Mahabur , Lubaba Afifa , Irfan Ahmad , Rahman Md. Ferdous 
Published: November 2024

AbstractIn photovoltaic (PV) technology, halide perovskites stand out for their exceptional optical properties, improved performance, and cost‐effectiveness. This study utilized SCAPS‐1D to examine a novel dual absorber solar cell, using Ba3PCl3 as the top absorber and CsSnI3 as the bottom absorber, marking the first comprehensive analysis of this pairing. The research thoroughly investigated the thickness, doping concentrations, and defect densities of each absorber to evaluate their impact on electrical properties such as VOC, JSC, FF, and power conversion efficiency (PCE). Additionally, the study meticulously analyzed the effects of temperature, shunt, and series resistances. The results show that the first device (FTO/SnS2/Ba3PCl3/Au) achieved a PCE of 17.75%, while the second device (FTO/SnS2/CsSnI3/Au) reached a PCE of 20.63%. Optimized designs combining both absorbers (FTO/SnS2/Ba3PCl3/CsSnI3/Au) resulted in a PCE of 30.97%, with a JSC of 47.52 mA/cm2, FF of 80.42%, and VOC of 0.81 V. These promising findings offer valuable insights for the future development of experimental solar devices.
Enhanced Specific Capacitance and Cycling Stability of Li2Cu2(MoO4)3 of NASICON Family of Supercapacitor Applications
Authors: Dayanithi Janet , Murugesan Magesh , Annamalai Natarajan , Balu Ranjith , Shanmugam Kotteswaran 
Published: November 2024

AbstractNASICON electrode materials exhibit a broad spectrum of electrochemical potentials, robust ionic conductivity, and structural and thermal stabilities. Using solid state reaction method, Li2Cu2(MoO4)3 was synthesized, a member of NASICON family of compounds based on molybdenum. Various analytical techniques employed to assess structural and morphological properties of synthesized nanomaterial. X‐ray diffraction (XRD) pattern indicated that generated Li2Cu2(MoO4)3 nanomaterial exhibited orthorhombic crystalline structure, with crystallite size of approximately 48 nm. The nanomaterial morphology was evaluated using field emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM), showing columnar‐ or fiber‐like morphology composed of some conductivity points. The elemental composition of Li2Cu2(MoO4)3 was analyzed by EDAX analysis, confirming the presence of elements lithium, copper, molybdenum, and oxygen. The optical properties and band gap of Li2Cu2(MoO4)3 were analyzed by ultraviolet visible diffuse reflectance spectroscopy (UVDRS). Elemental composition of surface along with electronic states and oxidation states of component present in the nanomaterial Li2Cu2(MoO4)3 were investigated from X‐ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS). Electrochemical evaluation using cyclic voltammetry (CV), galvanostatic charge–discharge (GCD), and electrochemical impedance spectroscopic (EIS) showed a specific capacitance of 250 F g−1 at 3.5 A g−1 with the high retention rate of 95.82% after 3000 cycles, indicating its potential for high performance supercapacitors.