bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Knowing what others know: Linking deception detection, emotion knowledge, and Theory of Mind in preschool
Authors: Nancarrow Alexandra F. , Gilpin Ansley T. , Thibodeau Rachel B. , Farrell Carmen B. 
Published: April 2018

AbstractChildren's ability to understand and infer the thoughts and feelings of others influences how they develop a unique view of the world. Examining developmental factors that impact young children's success in both social and cognitive domains has important implications for advancing our current knowledge of social cognition. The purpose of this study was to examine relations among emotion knowledge, deception detection, and Theory of Mind to shed light on the development of social cognition. Specifically, preschoolers' deception detection skills were found to moderate the relationship between emotion knowledge and Theory of Mind. Thus, children's ability to use their emotion knowledge to understand the points of view of others varies as a function of their ability to detect deception. Implications for child development are discussed.HighlightsThe purpose of this study was to examine relations among emotion knowledge, deception detection, and Theory of Mind.Preschoolers' deception detection skills were found to moderate the relationship between emotion knowledge and Theory of Mind.Children's ability to use emotion knowledge to understand the points of view of others varies as a function of deception detection.
Unsociability and socio‐emotional functioning in young Chinese children: A short‐term longitudinal study
Authors: Zhu Jingjing , Baldwin Danielle , Li Yan , Xie Qingbin , Coplan Robert J. 
Published: April 2018

AbstractThe goal of this study was to examine longitudinal associations among unsociability and indices of socio‐emotional functioning in a sample of young Chinese children. Participants were N = 360 children (Mage = 4.72 years, SD = .67) recruited from kindergarten classes in an urban area of China. Assessments of unsociability and adjustment were obtained at 2 time points (separated by 1 year) using multiple source assessments (maternal reports, child interviews, teacher ratings). Among the results, unsociability was concurrently (but not longitudinally) associated with teacher‐rated anxiety‐withdrawal at school. Some evidence of gender differences was also evident, with Time 1 peer preference more strongly associated with lower unsociability at Time 2 among girls than among boys. Results are discussed in terms of the meaning and implications of unsociability among young children in China.Highlights

This study explored associations among young children's unsociability and socio‐emotional functioning in China.
Unsociability was associated with anxiety‐withdrawal at Time 1 but did not predict emotional or social difficulties 1 year later.
Results suggest that unsociable behaviour may not as problematic for young Chinese children.
Women infected with HIV and the impact of associated sexually transmitted infections
Authors: Reda Somaia , Gonçalves Fernanda Aguiar , Mazepa Melissa Mello , De Carvalho Newton Sérgio 
Published: April 2018

AbstractObjectiveTo review the relationship between concomitant sexually transmitted infections in women infected with HIV.MethodsPubMed and Scopus were searched for articles published in English and Portuguese between January 1, 1994, and December 31, 2015, using relevant keywords, including AIDS, HIV, female genital diseases, and sexually transmitted infections. Articles that associated sexually transmitted infections with HIV‐infected women were selected for inclusion. Those that only investigated prevalence in pregnant women or focused on social or behavioral aspects were excluded.ResultsOf 108 identified articles, 24 were included. When correlated with HIV, genital herpes demonstrated an increased recurrence rate and increased replication rate for HIV in the mucosa. In HIV‐positive women, syphilis can cause more genital ulcers. Bacterial vaginosis provides a pool of microorganisms that can increase the viral copy levels of genital HIV. Chlamydia, gonorrhea, and candidiasis may be more severe and complicated in women infected with HIV.ConclusionsScreening of HIV‐positive patients who could have other sexually transmitted infections is important to protect women and decrease the risk of transmission.
Access to knowledge and the Global Abortion Policies Database
Authors: Erdman Joanna N. , Johnson Brooke Ronald 
Published: April 2018

AbstractResearch shows that women, healthcare providers, and even policy makers worldwide have limited or inaccurate knowledge of the abortion law and policies in their country. These knowledge gaps sometimes stem from the vague and broad terms of the law, which breed uncertainty and even conflict when unaccompanied by accessible regulation or guidelines. Inconsistency across national law and policy further impedes safe and evidence‐based practice. This lack of transparency creates a crisis of accountability. Those seeking care cannot know their legal entitlements, service providers cannot practice with legal protection, and governments can escape legal responsibility for the adverse effects of their laws. This is the context for the newly launched Global Abortion Policies Database—an open‐access repository that seeks to promote transparency and state accountability by providing clear and comprehensive information about national laws, policies, health standards, and guidelines, and by creating the capacity for comparative analysis and cross‐referencing to health indicators, WHO recommendations, and human rights standards.
Comparative analysis of the toxicity of gold nanoparticles in zebrafish
Authors: Patibandla Srinath , Zhang Yinan , Tohari Ali Mohammad , Gu Peng , Reilly James , Chen Yu , Shu Xinhua 
Published: April 2018

AbstractThe use of nanoparticles – particles that range in size from 1 to 100 nm – has become increasingly prevalent in recent years, bringing with it a variety of potential toxic effects. Zebrafish embryos were exposed during the 3 day postfertilization period to gold nanospheres (GNSs), gold nanorods (GNRs), GNRs coated with polystyrene sulphate (PSS‐GNRs) and GNRs coated with both PSS and polyallamine hydrochloride (PAH‐PSS‐GNRs). All nanorods were stabilized with cetyltrimethylammonium bromide. GNSs were the least toxic of the nanoparticles studied, with exposure resulting in no significant changes in mortality, hatching or heart rate. Exposure to GNRs and PSS‐GNRs resulted in significant increases in mortality and significant decreases in hatching and heart rate. Treatment with GNRs caused significant changes in the expression of a variety of oxidative stress genes. The toxic effects of GNRs were ameliorated by coating them with PSS and, to a more marked extent, with a double coating of PSS and polyallamine hydrochloride.
Evaluation of permeability and fluid wicking in woven fiber bone scaffolds
Authors: Gilmore Jordon , Yin Freda , Burg Karen J. L. 
Published: April 2018

AbstractResearch characterizing transport of nutrients and waste in tissue engineering scaffolds has led to the study of scaffold properties that contribute to permeability and porosity of the scaffold. Both permeability and porosity contribute to the transport properties of the scaffold; however, permeability relates to the degree to which pores are interconnected within the scaffold. This work evaluated permeability for woven polymer fiber scaffolds by modulating the following scaffold parameters: material combination, weave configuration, and fiber geometry. Materials tested were poly‐l‐lactide and poly‐l‐lactide‐co‐ɛ‐caprolactone in various combinations. Plain and crowfoot weave configurations were compared, and grooved wicking fibers were compared with round cross‐section fibers to study fiber geometry. A modification of the constant head hydraulic conductivity test was used in combination with a vertical wicking test to determine levels of permeability of the woven scaffolds. Results showed a significant effect on permeability for combinations of weave configuration, fiber geometry, and material combination. However, modulating fiber geometry demonstrated the most significant contribution to permeability. This result suggests the grooved wicking geometry may be used in scaffold development to regulate transport by selectively moving fluid away or toward the area of interest by capillary action. © 2018 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Biomed Mater Res Part B: Appl Biomater, 107B: 306–313, 2019.
The applicability of furfuryl‐gelatin as a novel bioink for tissue engineering applications
Authors: AnilKumar Shweta , Allen Shane C. , Tasnim Nishat , Akter Tahmina , Park Shinhye , Kumar Alok , Chattopadhyay Munmun , Ito Yoshihiro , Suggs Laura J. , Joddar Binata 
Published: April 2018

AbstractThree‐dimensional bioprinting is an innovative technique in tissue engineering, to create layer‐by‐layer structures, required for mimicking body tissues. However, synthetic bioinks do not generally possess high printability and biocompatibility at the same time. So, there is an urgent need for naturally derived bioinks that can exhibit such optimized properties. We used furfuryl‐gelatin as a novel, visible‐light crosslinkable bioink for fabricating cell‐laden structures with high viability. Hyaluronic acid was added as a viscosity enhancer and either Rose Bengal or Riboflavin was used as a visible‐light crosslinker. Crosslinking was done by exposing the printed structure for 2.5 min to visible light and confirmed using Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy and rheometry. Scanning electron microscopy revealed a highly porous networked structure. Three different cell types were successfully bioprinted within these constructs. Mouse mesenchymal stem cells printed within monolayer and bilayer sheets showed viability, network formation and proliferation (∼5.33 times) within 72 h of culture. C2C12 and STO cells were used to print a double layered structure, which showed evidence of the viability of both cells and heterocellular clusters within the construct. This furfuryl‐gelatin based bioink can be used for tissue engineering of complex tissues and help in understanding how cellular crosstalk happens in vivo during normal or diseased pathology. © 2018 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Biomed Mater Res Part B: Appl Biomater, 107B: 314–323, 2019.
Fiber length and concentration: Synergistic effect on mechanical and cellular response in wet‐laid poly(lactic acid) fibrous scaffolds
Authors: Wood Andrew T. , Everett Dominique , Kumar Sanjay , Mishra Manoj K. , Thomas Vinoy 
Published: April 2018

AbstractIn the area of biomaterials, fibers not only offer increased mechanical response, but also serve as an extracellular matrix mimicking morphology to direct cellular attachment and proliferation. While biologically similar in morphology, soft, and flexible hydrogel materials have low mechanical properties. For applications in tissue engineering, the lack of directional cues and attachment regions within the biogels is undesired as cells require a guide for adequate attachment and organized proliferation. In this work, we have investigated the role of poly(lactic acid) (PLA) fiber length and concentration as a reinforcement phase in a gelatin hydrogel matrix and the resultant mechanical and cellular responses. With increasing fiber length and concentration, the ultimate tensile strength, modulus, and toughness increased for the samples. Similarly, for shorter fiber lengths, the loss and storage modulus increased with fiber concentration. After seeding human mesenchymal stem cells (hMSCs) onto the neat fibrous scaffolds it was found that the fabrication process imparted no cytotoxicity. Furthermore, it was the concentrations and lengths of fiber both caused discernable differences in cell viability at the extreme values. Fibers of all lengths, when in a 4.0 wt % concentration, had a decrease in cell viability after 10 days while the 12.7 mm fibers showed a similar response at 2.0 wt %, but all stayed about 90% viability. With increased incubation time, hMSCs became elongated with increased proliferation. These results indicate that the wet‐lay process is a rapid and scalable method by which fibrous 3D‐scaffolds can be produced to reinforce hydrogel matrices. © 2018 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Biomed Mater Res Part B: Appl Biomater, 107B: 332–341, 2019.
Mechanical and in vitro degradation behavior of magnesium‐bioactive glass composites prepared by SPS for biomedical applications
Authors: Dutta Sourav , Devi K. Bavya , Gupta Sanjay , Kundu Biswanath , Balla Vamsi Krishna , Roy Mangal 
Published: April 2018

AbstractIn order to make magnesium (Mg) a successful candidate for fracture fixation devices, it is imperative to control the corrosion rate and enhance its elastic modulus. In the present work, we have prepared bioactive glass (BG) reinforced magnesium composite using spark plasma sintering (SPS). Simultaneous application of heat and pressure during SPS decreased the softening point of BG (600°C), allowing it to coat the Mg particles partially. As a result, BG was found along the Mg particle boundaries, which was confirmed by elemental mapping. Addition of BG improved microhardness and elastic modulus of Mg‐BG composites. Corrosion behavior was studied by hydrogen evolution and immersion corrosion in phosphate buffered saline (PBS). After 64 h of immersion, Mg‐10 wt % BG composite showed highest corrosion resistance. Quantitative micro‐computed tomography (micro‐CT) results indicated porosity increase in Mg‐BG composites during immersion. The maximum increase in porosity (1.66%) was noticed for pure Mg while the minimum for Mg‐10 wt % BG composite. MG63 cell‐material interactions, using extract method, showed good cytocompatibility for Mg‐10 wt % BG composite. The concentration of Mg ion in cell culture media was measured using atomic absorption spectroscopy after 24 h immersion of Mg/BG composites. The results indicated that using BG as reinforcement and SPS as sintering method; we can prepare corrosion resistant and high modulus Mg‐BG composites that can be used for fabricating bone fracture fixation plates. © 2018 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Biomed Mater Res Part B: Appl Biomater, 107B: 352–365, 2019.
Acidic and alkaline chemicals’ influence on a tricalcium silicate‐based dental biomaterial
Authors: Neelakantan Prasanna , Berger Todd , Primus Carolyn , Shemesh Hagay , Wesselink Paul R. 
Published: April 2018

AbstractBioactive hydraulic tricalcium silicate materials are commonly used in several dental procedures. Mineral Trioxide Aggregate (MTA) is one such material, which is used in a variety of clinical applications, the most recent of which is root canal sealing material, during which, the MTA potentially comes in contact with remnants of the chemical agents used for disinfecting root canals. The effects of commonly used root canal irrigating solutions on MTA have not been investigated in depth, thus far. The aim of this study was to determine the effect of five common chemical agents used in root canal preparation (sodium hypochlorite/NaOCl, ethylene diaminetetraacetic acid/EDTA, mixture of sodium hypochlorite and etidronic acid/NaOCl + EA, mixture of EDTA and Chlorhexidine/QMix, or saline) on a commercial tricalcium silicate (MTA Plus). Samples were analyzed using scanning electron microscopy with energy dispersive spectroscopy, X‐ray Diffraction (XRD), Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy and Inductively coupled plasma techniques to see effects of phases formed and calcium ion release. Specimens immersed in NaOCl and NaOCl + EA had strong peaks for calcium hydroxide, but materials exposed to EDTA and QMix had lesser XRD peaks for calcium hydroxide. The calcium hydroxide peak in the XRD indicates hydration of tricalcium silicate and formation of amorphous calcium silicate hydrate. Calcium released from samples immersed in EDTA and NaOCl was less than in NaOCl + EA and QMix solutions. Fewer calcium phosphate crystals and less calcium hydroxide were observed with the samples in NaOCl, EDTA and QMix, which could have an important impact as it negatively influences the bioactivity. © 2018 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Biomed Mater Res Part B: Appl Biomater, 107B: 377–387, 2019.
Novel, cost‐effective, Cu‐doped calcium silicate nanoparticles for bone fracture intervention: Inherent bioactivity andin vivoperformance
Authors: Mabrouk Mostafa , ElShebiney Shaimaa A. , Kenawy Sayed H. , El‐Bassyouni Gehan T. , Hamzawy Esmat MA 
Published: April 2018

AbstractCopper (Cu)‐doped calcium silicate nanoparticles were synthesized by a wet precipitation method as economical bone fracture filler. The aim was to improve the overall physicochemical properties, bioactivity, and biological performance of the bone fracture filler prepared herein. The synthesized nanoparticles were evaluated using X‐ray diffraction (XRD), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT‐IR), and transmission electron microscopy (TEM). The bioactivity of the prepared nanoparticles was investigated after immersion in simulated body fluid (SBF) by means of inductively coupled plasma (ICP), SEM coupled with energy dispersive X‐rays (EDX), and FTIR. The size and bioactivity of the prepared nanoparticles after 15 days of immersion in SBF was dependent on the Cu concentrations. The fracture healing ability of the fabricated nanoparticles on adult aged male Wistar rats was enhanced by the presence of copper. All the obtained results are of high relevance for fabricating improved Cu‐doped calcium silicate nanoparticles (∼50 nm) as low cost bone fracture filler. In addition, thein vivostudy presented complete healing of the tibiae bone with normal architecture of bone tissue specifically calcium silicate nanoparticles doped with 3% and 5% Cu. Hence, the presence of copper is a promising tactic for improving the biological properties of calcium silicate. Therefore, the designed nanoparticles have huge potential for the treatment of bone fractures. © 2018 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Biomed Mater Res Part B: Appl Biomater, 107B: 388–399, 2019.
How ecological communities respond to artificial light at night
Authors: Sanders Dirk , Gaston Kevin J. 
Published: April 2018

AbstractMany ecosystems worldwide are exposed to artificial light at night (ALAN), from streetlights and other sources, and a wide range of organisms has been shown to respond to this anthropogenic pressure. This raises concerns about the consequences for major ecosystem functions and their stability. However, there is limited understanding of how whole ecological communities respond to ALAN, and this cannot be gained simply by making predictions from observed single species physiological, behavioral, or ecological responses. Research needs to include an important building block of ecological communities, namely the interactions between species that drive ecological and evolutionary processes in ecosystems. Here, we summarize current knowledge about community responses to ALAN and illustrate different pathways and their impact on ecosystem functioning and stability. We discuss that documentation of the impact of ALAN on species interaction networks and trait distributions provides useful tools to link changes in community structure to ecosystem functions. Finally, we suggest several approaches to advance research that will link the diverse impact of ALAN to changes in ecosystems.
Uterine and eggshell modifications associated with the evolution of viviparity in South American water snakes (Helicopsspp.)
Authors: Braz Henrique B. , Almeida‐Santos Selma M. , Murphy Christopher R. , Thompson Michael B. 
Published: April 2018

AbstractThe evolution of viviparity requires eggshell thinning to bring together the maternal uterus and extraembryonic membranes to form placentae for physiological exchanges. Eggshell thinning likely involves reduced activity of the uterine glands that secrete it. We tested these hypotheses by comparing the uterine and eggshell structure and histochemistry among oviparous and viviparous water snakes (Helicops) using phylogenetic methods. Eggshell thinning occurred convergently in all three origins of viviparity inHelicopsand was accomplished by the loss of the mineral layer and thinning of the shell membrane. Uterine glands secrete the shell membrane in both oviparous and viviparousHelicops. These glands increase during vitellogenesis regardless of the reproductive mode, but they always reach smaller sizes in viviparous forms. As there is no phylogenetic signal in eggshell thickness and gland dimensions, we conclude that interspecific differences are related to reproductive mode and not phylogeny. Therefore, our results support the hypothesis that eggshell thinning is associated with the evolution of viviparity and that such thinning result from a reduction in gland size in viviparous taxa. Interestingly, the shell membrane thickness of viviparous females of the reproductively bimodalHelicops angulatusis intermediate between their oviparous and viviparous congeners. Thus, although eggshell thinning is required by the evolution of viviparity, a nearly complete loss of this structure is not. However, uterine gland dimensions are similar across viviparousHelicops. Fewer glands or their functional repurposing may explain the thinner shell membrane in viviparous species ofHelicopsin comparison to viviparous females of the bimodalH. angulatus.
MiR‐21 ameliorates age‐associated skin wound healing defects in mice
Authors: Long Shuang , Zhao Na , Ge Lan , Wang Guojian , Ran Xinze , Wang Junping , Su Yongping , Wang Tao 
Published: April 2018

AbstractBackgroundThe cellular and molecular mechanisms responsible for the age‐associated delay of cutaneous wound healing are still not well understood. Previous studies have shown that miR‐21 plays key roles during skin wound healing. We presumed that dysregulation of miR‐21 may be involved in age‐associated defects in wound healing and that miR‐21 may be one potential therapeutic target by which to ameliorate wound defects in elderly subjects.MethodsCircular full thickness excisional wounds were made on the dorsal skin of young (2‐month‐old) and aged (12‐month‐old) female mice. The wound healing rates were quantified and compared between wild‐type and miR‐21 knock‐in mice. Both histologic and morphometric analyses of the wounds were evaluated. Furthermore, the expression patterns of miR‐21 during wound healing in both young and aged mice were assessed by in situ hybridization. The effects of topical miR‐21 overexpression on wound healing in aged mice were estimated by both wound closure quantification and histological analyses.ResultsAged miR‐21 knock‐in female mice showed significantly improved wound healing compared to their wild‐type counterparts with respect to mature granulation tissue, smaller wound width and thinner epidermis. The expression patterns of miR‐21 showed that miR‐21 levels were insufficient for repairing granulation tissue in aged mice. Intradermal injection of miR‐21 plasmid around wounds could upregulate miR‐21 levels during wound healing and ameliorate age‐associated skin wound defects.ConclusionsThe results of the present study reveal that the upregulation of miR‐21 levels could improve wound repair in aged mice, which suggests that a therapeutic strategy targeting miR‐21 expression in age‐associated wound healing may be feasible.