bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Neurocognitive functioning remained unchanged in adults with phenylketonuria: Report of a 15‐year follow‐up
Authors: Feldmann Reinhold , Leberer Eva Philippa , Fromm Juliane , Och Ulrike , Weglage Josef , Rutsch Frank 
Published: November 2024

AbstractAimThe long‐term prognosis of treated phenylketonuria (PKU) is a controversial issue. A controlled long‐term study was performed to assess the neuropsychological outcome in adult patients with early treated PKU.MethodsWe investigated 27 patients aged 34–55 years (median age: 47 years) and 19 healthy controls, matched for age and socio‐economic status. Patients and controls were assessed for their full‐scale IQ (FSIQ), attention and information‐processing abilities. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) of the brain was performed in all patients. Neuropsychological assessments and MRI were repeated at a 15‐year follow‐up.ResultsIn the entire interval of 15 years, cognitive performance of patients and controls remained unchanged. Older adult patients showed poorer cognitive performance at all assessment times compared to young adult patients and controls. Cognitive performance showed no correlation to MRI results. FSIQ, however, was significantly correlated with blood phenylalanine levels in the adolescent years of adult patients older than 47 years.ConclusionCognitive performance in adult patients with early treated PKU does not seem to deteriorate in a 15 years interval. Neuropsychological assessment revealed constant modest neurocognitive impairment in patients older than 47 years. This seems to refer to an early relaxation of diet that was recommended when the older patients were adolescents.
Recurrent laryngeal nerve lymph node dissection with subcomplete sealing using advanced bipolar energy device in minimally invasive esophagectomy
Authors: Hayashi Masato , Fujita Takeshi , Matsushita Hisayuki 
Published: November 2024

AbstractIntroductionRecurrent laryngeal nerve (RLN) palsy is a complication that must be avoided during esophagectomy. While RLN injury is thought to be caused by thermal spread from electric devices, electric devices are useful to avoid bleeding. When dissecting lymph nodes around RLNs, to seal small vessels, we use subcomplete technique with advanced bipolar. We describe our surgical technique, termed the subcomplete sealing technique, in RLN lymph node dissection.Materials and Surgical TechniqueThe first step is to perform blunt dissection with forceps on both sides of the esophageal branch near the right RLN. A distance of at least 2 mm from the RLN was preferred. Sealing with advanced bipolar often causes tissue shrinkage, pulling the RLN near the device. To prevent this, sealing should be stopped before reaching completion. Although the sealing was not complete, it was sufficient to seal the small vessels. After subcomplete sealing, the sealed tissues were dissected using laparoscopic scissors. The lymph nodes around left RLN are dissected in the same manner.DiscussionA total of 76 patients received esophagectomy with the subcomplete technique. Grade IIIa RLN palsy occurred in three cases (3.95%). Over Grade IIIb RLN palsies did not occur. This subcomplete sealing technique can assist surgeons in performing RLN lymph node dissection without bleeding and increasing the rate of RLN palsy.
Identifiability analysis of the fixed‐effects one‐parameter logistic positive exponent model
Authors: González Jorge , Bazán Jorge , Curi Mariana 
Published: November 2024

AbstractIn addition to the usual slope and location parameters included in a regular two‐parameter logistic model (2PL), the logistic positive exponent (LPE) model incorporates an item parameter that leads to asymmetric item characteristic curves, which have recently been shown to be useful in some contexts. Although this model has been used in some empirical studies, an identifiability analysis (i.e., checking the (un)identified status of a model and searching for identifiablity restrictions to make an unidentified model identified) has not yet been established. In this paper, we formalize the unidentified status of a large class of fixed‐effects item response theory models that includes the LPE model and related versions of it. In addition, we conduct an identifiability analysis of a particular version of the LPE model that is based on the fixed‐effects one‐parameter logistic model (1PL), which we call the 1PL‐LPE model. The main result indicates that the 1PL‐LPE model is not identifiable. Ways to make the 1PL‐LPE useful in practice and how different strategies for identifiability analyses may affect other versions of the model are also discussed.
Regularized Bayesian algorithms for Q‐matrix inference based on saturated cognitive diagnosis modelling
Authors: Jin Yi , Chen Jinsong 
Published: November 2024

AbstractQ‐matrices are crucial components of cognitive diagnosis models (CDMs), which are used to provide diagnostic information and classify examinees according to their attribute profiles. The absence of an appropriate Q‐matrix that correctly reflects item‐attribute relationships often limits the widespread use of CDMs. Rather than relying on expert judgment for specification and post‐hoc methods for validation, there has been a notable shift towards Q‐matrix estimation by adopting Bayesian methods. Nevertheless, their dependency on Markov chain Monte Carlo (MCMC) estimation requires substantial computational burdens and their exploratory tendency is unscalable to large‐scale settings. As a scalable and efficient alternative, this study introduces the partially confirmatory framework within a saturated CDM, where the Q‐matrix can be partially defined by experts and partially inferred from data. To address the dual needs of accuracy and efficiency, the proposed framework accommodates two estimation algorithms—an MCMC algorithm and a Variational Bayesian Expectation Maximization (VBEM) algorithm. This dual‐channel approach extends the model's applicability across a variety of settings. Based on simulated and real data, the proposed framework demonstrated its robustness in Q‐matrix inference.
CRCI2NA inaugural symposium: A meeting on tumor and immune ecosystems
Authors: Guen Vincent J. , André‐Grégoire Gwennan , Beauvillain Céline , Boury Frank , Chauvet Morgane , Dupuy Aurore M. M. , Fonteneau Jean‐François , Gagne Katia , Gavard Julie , Gomez‐Bougie Patricia , Grasset Eloïse , Jardine Jane , Lamoureux François , Laurent‐‐Blond Mélanie , Letouzé Éric , Macé Yanis , Maurice Sandrine , Pecqueur Claire , Pouliquen Daniel , Rbah‐Vidal Latifa , Pellat‐Deceunynck Catherine , Juin Philippe P. 
Published: November 2024

AbstractThe CRCI2NA inaugural symposium, a meeting on tumor and immune ecosystems, took place in the vibrant and picturesque city of Nantes. The meeting gathered world‐renowned experts in cancer biology and immunology. It showcased the most advanced science on mechanisms driving cellular heterogeneity, plasticity, and signaling in normal and cancer cellular ecosystems, which contribute to cancer development, progression, and therapeutic resistance. Recent developments in cancer immunotherapy and anti‐tumor strategies were also discussed to collectively assess new therapeutic vulnerabilities to defeat cancer.
Depression in children: Impact of the father companionship and peer relationship
Authors: Feng Xing , Ding Ding , Lu Di 
Published: November 2024

AbstractReasons for the increased incidence of depression in Chinese children remain poorly understood. Therefore, this study explored the influence of paternal companionship and peer relationships on depression in children based on OLS method using data reported by 2498 children from China (children Mage 10.7; 52.1% girls). We found that both variables could alleviate depression among children, but the effect of peer relationships was significantly greater than that of paternal companionship. This conclusion remains robust after considering gender, age and family structure. Heterogeneity studies have found that paternal companionship significantly impact boys, while peer relationships significantly impact girls. Mechanism analysis demonstrated that both factors can indirectly alleviate depression in children by regulating anxiety. Our research results emphasize the importance of increasing paternal companionship and peer relationships to alleviate depression in children.
Influence of Lateral Hard‐Tissue Grafting on Peri‐Implant Health or Disease: A Cross‐Sectional Study
Authors: Begić Amira , Schwarz Frank , Obreja Karina , Dahmer Iulia , Recktenwald Julie , Parvini Puria , Ramanauskaite Ausra 
Published: November 2024

ABSTRACTAimTo investigate the influence of lateral hard‐tissue grafting performed simultaneously to implant placement on peri‐implant health or disease.Materials and MethodsA total of 299 patients exhibiting 897 implants placed either simultaneously with lateral bone grafting using a bovine bone mineral with or without adjunctive native collagen membrane (n = 131/269 patients/implants; LatGr group) or at pristine bone sites without lateral bone grafting (n = 168/628 patients/implants; NoGr group) were enrolled in this cross‐sectional analysis. Clinical outcomes (i.e., modified plaque index (mPI), bleeding on probing (BOP), probing depth (PD), mucosal recession (MR)), keratinized mucosa (KM), and the frequency of peri‐implant disease were evaluated. Univariate and multiple ordinal regression analyses with mixed effects were conducted to identify factors associated with peri‐implant disease.ResultsAfter a mean follow‐up period of 59.47 ± 24.66 months, mPI, BOP, and KM values were significantly higher in the control group, whereas no difference between the groups was found for PD and MR. Peri‐implantitis was diagnosed in 31.30% of patients and 13.4% of implants in the LatGr group, and in 32.74% of patients and 24.8% of implants in the NoGr group. The corresponding values for peri‐implant mucositis at the patient and implant level in the LatGr and NoGr groups were 29.77% and 29.0%, and 26.19% and 28.5%, respectively. Implants of the LatGr group were associated with a significantly lower chance to be affected by peri‐implant disease (OR = 0.69, 95%‐CI: (−0.72, −0.03), p = 0.032). The presence of plaque at implant sites and smoking significantly correlated with peri‐implant disease (OR = 2.92, 95%‐CI: (2.11, 4.03), p < 0.001 and OR = 0.22; 95%‐CI: (0.06, 0.84), p = 0.027, respectively).ConclusionsLateral hard‐tissue grafting performed simultaneously with implant placement demonstrated comparable peri‐implant tissue health to pristine bone sites without lateral bone grafting.
Effects of Transcranial Direct Current Stimulation Targeting Dorsolateral Prefrontal Cortex and Orbitofrontal Cortex on Somatic Symptoms in Patients With Major Depressive Disorder: A Randomized, Double‐Blind, Controlled Clinical Trial
Authors: Shi Shuxiang , Huang Haijing , Zhang Mengke , Chen Yiming , Yang Weichieh , Wang Fan , Kong Shuqi , Zhou Ni , Wei Zheyi , Chen Shentse , Lyu Dongbin , Wu Chenglin , Huang Qinte , Zhang Qinting , Hong Wu 
Published: November 2024

ABSTRACTAimThere is a lack of research on transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) for the treatment of somatic symptoms in major depressive disorder (MDD) and the suitable stimulating brain region. We investigated the efficacy of tDCS targeting the dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (DLPFC) versus orbitofrontal cortex (OFC) on depressive somatic symptoms and somatic anxiety in patients with MDD and aimed to identify the appropriate stimulating brain regions.MethodsIn this randomized, double‐blind, sham‐controlled study, a total of 70 patients diagnosed with MDD were randomly allocated into DLPFC group, OFC group, and Sham group. Subjects participated in 2 weeks of 10 primary interventions and subsequently 2‐week maintenance interventions weekly (20 min, 2 mA).ResultsThe DLPFC group showed a more significant improvement in somatic symptoms compared to the Sham group at week 2. At the maintenance and follow‐up stages, the DLPFC group outperformed the Sham and OFC groups, but the difference with the Sham group was not significant. Neither active group demonstrated superiority over the Sham group in improving depression and anxiety.ConclusionIn conclusion, the tDCS targeting DLPFC may be a potentially effective therapeutic target for alleviating somatic symptoms in patients with MDD.
Recurrence rates after strictureplasty for small bowel Crohn's disease remain high in the era of biologics
Authors: Nasasra A. , Morrison T. E. M. , Luberto A. , Carvello M. , Williams K. J. , Davies J. , Spinelli A. , Mehta A. M. , Warusavitarne J. H. 
Published: November 2024

AbstractAimDespite advancements in therapeutic options for Crohn's disease (CD), strictureplasty is a mainstay bowel‐preserving technique for small bowel CD. We sought to audit international practice across three high‐volume centres since the widespread use of biologic medication.MethodsA retrospective audit was performed for all strictureplasties undertaken for small bowel CD, over a 15‐year period (2006–2021), in three high‐volume centres in the United Kingdom and Italy. Primary endpoints were clinical recurrence and reoperation for recurrence.ResultsIn all, 123 patients were included; 58% were men, 25% smoked and 60% had previous abdominal surgery for CD. Median age was 40 years (interquartile range 30–52 years), mean body mass index 22 (15–31) and median disease duration 138 months (81–255 months). 42% had been treated with biologics preoperatively. In total 338 strictureplasties were performed in 123 patients, with a median of two per patient (interquartile range 1–3). Complications occurred in 35%, with 8% scoring Clavien–Dindo Grade 3. There were no Grade 4/5 complications. Postoperative biologic treatment was administered to 84/123 patients (68.3%). Median follow‐up was 54 months. 41/123 patients (33.3%) developed clinical recurrence. Reoperation for recurrent stricturing was performed in 26/123 patients (21%). Clinical recurrence and reoperation rates were significantly higher in patients who continued to smoke after their index surgery.ConclusionStrictureplasty remains a safe and effective surgical treatment for small bowel CD. Recurrence and reoperation rates remain high, regardless of postoperative biologic therapy. Smoking significantly increases the risk of recurrence.
Prognostic Nomogram for Predicting Survival in Asian Patients With Small‐Cell Lung Cancer: A Comprehensive Population‐Based Study and External Verification
Authors: Xia Yuanli , Qu Jingjing , Wang Yufang , Zhu Yanping , Zhou Jianying , Zhou Jianya 
Published: November 2024

ABSTRACTBackgroundThe incidence of small cell lung cancer (SCLC) among Asian patients is on the rise. Nevertheless, there remains a deficiency in precise prognostic models tailored to the specific needs of this patient population. It is imperative to develop a novel nomogram aimed at forecasting the prognosis of Asian SCLC patients.MethodsThe SEER database supplied data on 661 Asian SCLC patients, who were then divided into training and internal validation sets through a random selection process. In addition, we identified 212 patients from a Chinese medical institution for the purpose of creating an external validation cohort. To forecast survival, we employed both univariate and multivariate analyses. The performance of our nomogram was assessed through calibration plots, the concordance index (C‐index), and decision curve analysis (DCA).ResultsFive independent prognostic factors were determined and integrated into the nomogram. C‐index values for the training and internal validation cohorts were 0.774 (95% confidence interval [CI] = 0.751–0.797) and 0.731 (95%CI = 0.690–0.772), respectively. In the external validation cohort, the C‐index is 0.712 (95% CI = 0.655–0.7692). Calibration curves demonstrated highly accurate predictions. When compared to the AJCC staging system, our model exhibited improved net benefits in DCA. Furthermore, the risk stratification system effectively differentiated patients with varying survival risks.ConclusionWe have created a novel nomogram for predicting the survival of Asian patients with SCLC. This nomogram has been subjected to external validation and has shown its superiority over the conventional TNM staging system. It offers a more precise and reliable means of forecasting the prognosis of Asian SCLC patients.
A Novel Scale for Diagnosis of Pulmonary Ground‐Glass Nodules: A Multicenter and Ambispective Cohort Study
Authors: Yu Minhao , Cheng Yalin , Wen Tao , Zhang Liming , Wei Xiubo , Wang Yonghong , Du Jiang , Xie GuangKe , Bi Lei 
Published: November 2024

ABSTRACTBackgroundA screening tool was devised to aid the diagnosis and treatment of ground‐glass nodules (GGNs).MethodsThe current ambispective cohort study included retrospective collation of 20 variables synthesizing a patient's clinical characteristics, serum tumor markers, and CT results, which allowed division into noninvasive (benign, atypical adenomatous hyperplasia, and adenocarcinoma in situ) and invasive (minimally invasive and invasive adenocarcinomas) tumors to build a prediction nomogram and GGN screening scale. The model was verified internally. A prospective cohort of patients was randomly divided by envelope method into those assessed by the GGN screening scale and those assessed via CT values. The diagnostic efficiencies were compared to allow external verification of the model.ResultA total of 223 patients with 225 GGNs were recruited into the retrospective cohort between January 2021 and December 2022. Multivariable analysis showed sex, diameter, air bronchogram, and vessel convergence sign to be independent factors for prediction of noninvasive and invasive GGNs. Internal verification showed the model had a sensitivity of 70.7% and specificity of 75.0% with the Youden index at 0.457 and area under the curve (AUC) of 0.793 (95% CI: 0.734–0.852). Calibration curves indicated good internal stability (p = 0.357). Between January 2023 and March 2023, 147 patients with 148 GGNs were recruited into the prospective cohort. External verification showed the model had a sensitivity of 92.4% and specificity of 40.0% with the Youden index at 0.324 and AUC of 0.678 (95% CI: 0.509–0.847). Calibration curves indicated good external stability (p = 0.088). The scale was shown to have a sensitivity of 75.00%, specificity of 37.50%, positive predictive value of 91.53%, negative predictive value of 14.29%, and accuracy of 71.25%.ConclusionThe GGN screening scale has high sensitivity and accuracy, making it suitable for diagnosis of GGNs.
A museum of international standard in Patna, India: The predicament of loss and revival
Authors: Bharadwaj Akash 
Published: November 2024

AbstractThis essay locates the creation of the Bihar Museum within the context of emerging international and transnational aspirations, especially in the post‐liberalization era, and the regional space of Bihar and its political economy. It argues that this positioning, where the museum is supposed to cater to both the regional and the transnational, or the local and the global, presents opportunities as well as challenges. In other words, the state's branding of its identity through the museum creates what James Clifford called the predicament of culture: a chronotopic imagination that speaks of both loss and revival. The essay posits that the new Bihar Museum creates an anticipation of a grand Bihari identity that seems imminent but is never fully realized.
An Exploration of the Co‐Occurrence of Hallucinations and Suicidal Mental Imagery Among Psychiatrically Hospitalised Adolescents at High Risk for Suicide
Authors: Thompson Elizabeth C. , Visser Katherine , Nail Margaret , Lawrence Hannah R. , Hunt Jeffrey , Wolff Jennifer C. 
Published: November 2024

ABSTRACTIntroductionAdolescents with psychosis‐spectrum symptoms are at particularly high risk for suicide, however, little is known about how suicidal cognitions manifest in this population. Suicidal cognitions can occur as verbal thoughts and/or mental images of suicide, and mental images may be indicative of a higher risk for suicidal behaviours. Suicidal mental imagery could be a salient and important suicide‐related risk factor for adolescents with hallucinations in particular, however, the co‐occurrence of these phenomena has yet to be studied. In a sample of psychiatrically hospitalised adolescents, we hypothesize that hallucinations will be associated with increased suicidal mental imagery and suicide attempts.MethodsThis chart review study included data from 219 adolescents admitted to a psychiatric inpatient unit. Adolescents completed an assessment battery probing hallucinations, suicidal cognitions, and suicide attempts.ResultsAdolescents with past‐month hallucinations had higher rates of past‐week suicidal verbal thoughts and suicidal mental imagery, but not suicide attempts, compared to those without hallucinations. Adolescents with hallucinations reported a younger onset of suicidal mental imagery, and they endorsed more frequent imagery. Past‐month hallucinations were significantly and positively associated with suicidal mental imagery, beyond the effects of internalising symptoms. Suicidal mental imagery was positively associated with past‐week suicide attempts, but past‐month hallucinations were not.ConclusionsOur findings indicate that hallucinations are linked to suicidal mental imagery, an important yet under‐studied risk factor for suicidal behaviour. These data highlight the need for more research exploring suicidal mental imagery among high‐risk adolescents experiencing hallucinations to inform suicide risk assessment and intervention.
Mechanical properties of MoW–HfN surrogate cermet fuel for nuclear thermal propulsion
Authors: Mudd James F. , Watts Jeremy , Rosales Jhonathan , Wilkerson Ryan P. , Taylor Brian , Fahrenholtz William , Hilmas Gregory , Graham Joseph 
Published: November 2024

AbstractThe mechanical performance of MoW‐HfN, a surrogate cermet for MoW‐UN Nuclear Thermal Propulsion (NTP) fuel, was characterized from room temperature to 1600°C. The modulus of elasticity and flexure strength were obtained from four‐point bend tests. Those tests revealed a loss of stiffness with increasing temperature and systematic increase in ultimate strength up to about 1400°C. This was followed by loss of ultimate strength and the onset of plastic deformation, attributed to the increased ductility of the MoW matrix above 1400°C. Chevron notch tests show that failure originates from features with a critical flaw size of ∼30 εm, which is comparable to the mean particle size of the ceramic phase. X‐ray diffraction (XRD) and Williamson–Hall (WH) analysis suggest that residual stress may contribute to the observed strength‐versus‐temperature behavior.