bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Amantadine as adjuvant therapy in the treatment of moderate to severe obsessive–compulsive disorder: A double‐blind randomized trial with placebo control
Authors: Naderi Sina , Faghih Heidar , Aqamolaei Ali , Mortazavi Seyyed Hosein , Mortezaei Amirhosein , Sahebolzamani Erfan , Rezaei Farzin , Akhondzadeh Shahin 
Published: November 2018

AimThe role of the glutamatergic system in the pathogenesis of obsessive–compulsive disorder (OCD) has been shown by numerous studies. The aim of the present randomized, double‐blind, placebo‐controlled, 12‐week trial was to assess the efficacy and tolerability of amantadine as an adjuvant to fluvoxamine in the treatment of patients with moderate to severe OCD.MethodsOne hundred patients diagnosed with moderate to severe OCD were randomized into two parallel groups to receive fluvoxamine (100 mg twice a day) plus placebo or fluvoxamine (100 mg twice a day) plus amantadine (100 mg daily) for 12 weeks. All patients received 100 mg/day fluvoxamine for 28 days followed by 200 mg/day for the rest of the trial, regardless of their treatment groups. Patients were evaluated for response to treatment using the Yale–Brown Obsessive Compulsive Scale (Y‐BOCS) at baseline and at Weeks 4, 10, and 12. The main outcome measure was to assess the efficacy of amantadine in improving the OCD symptoms.ResultsRepeated‐measure analysis of variance showed a significant effect for Time × Treatment interaction (Greenhouse–Geisser corrected: F = 3.84, d.f. = 1.50, P = 0.03) in the Y‐BOCS total score and a significant effect for Time × Treatment interaction (Greenhouse–Geisser corrected: F = 5.67, d.f. = 1.48, P < 0.01) in the Y‐BOCS Obsession subscale score between the two groups.ConclusionThe results of this study suggest that amantadine may be effective as an augmentative agent in the treatment of moderate‐to‐severe OCD.
Feasibility of describing community strengths relative to Omaha system concepts
Authors: Kerr Madeleine J. , Gargantua‐Aguila Sebastiana del Rosario , Glavin Kari , Honey Michelle L. L. , Nahcivan Nursen O. , Secginli Selda , Martin Karen S. , Monsen Karen A. 
Published: November 2018

AbstractObjectivesThe purpose was to determine the feasibility of using a standardized language, the Omaha System, to describe community‐level strengths. The objectives were: (a) to evaluate the feasibility of using the Omaha System at the community level to reflect community strengths and (b) to describe preliminary results of community strengths observations across international settings.Design and SampleA descriptive qualitative design was used. The sample was a data set of 284 windshield surveys by nursing students in 5 countries: Mexico, New Zealand, Norway, Turkey, and the United States.MeasuresAn online survey included a checklist and open‐ended questions on community strengths for 11 concepts of the Omaha System Problem Classification Scheme: Income, Sanitation, Residence, Neighborhood/workplace safety, Communication with community resources, Social contact, Interpersonal relationship, Spirituality, Nutrition, Substance use, and Health care supervision. Themes were derived through content analysis of responses to the open‐ended questions.ResultsFeasibility was demonstrated: Students were able to use the Omaha System terms and collect data on strengths. Common themes were described among the five countries.ConclusionsThe Omaha System appears to be useful in documenting community‐level strengths. Themes and exemplar quotes provide a first step in developing operational definitions of strengths at a more granular level.
Summary of the 2018 Kidney Disease Improving Global Outcomes (KDIGO) Guideline on hepatitis C in chronic kidney disease
Authors: Gordon Craig E. , Balk Ethan M. , Francis Jean M. 
Published: November 2018

AbstractKDIGO recently updated its clinical practice guideline for the prevention, diagnosis, evaluation, and treatment of hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection in patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD). The management of HCV in patients with CKD has dramatically shifted over the past 10 years with the development of direct‐acting antiviral (DAA) agents and subsequent demonstration of their efficacy in CKD populations. The opportunity to cure HCV with DAA treatment has impacted all aspects of the KDIGO guideline on HCV in CKD including: (a) HCV diagnosis in CKD populations; (b) HCV treatment in CKD populations; (c) preventing HCV transmission in HD units; (d) management of HCV before and after kidney transplantation; and (e) management of HCV‐associated glomerular disease. This review summarizes and discusses the major recommendations, along with the implication of the guideline on clinical practice.
Antigen‐specific CD8 T cells in cell cycle circulate in the blood after vaccination
Authors: Simonetti Sonia , Natalini Ambra , Folgori Antonella , Capone Stefania , Nicosia Alfredo , Santoni Angela , Di Rosa Francesca 
Published: November 2018

AbstractAlthough clonal expansion is a hallmark of adaptive immunity, the location(s) where antigen‐responding T cells enter cell cycle and complete it have been poorly explored. This lack of knowledge stems partially from the limited experimental approaches available. By using Ki67 plus DNA staining and a novel strategy for flow cytometry analysis, we distinguished antigen‐specific CD8 T cells in G0, in G1 and in S‐G2/M phases of cell cycle after intramuscular vaccination of BALB/c mice with antigen‐expressing viral vectors. Antigen‐specific cells in S‐G2/M were present at early times after vaccination in lymph nodes (LNs), spleen and, surprisingly, also in the blood, which is an unexpected site for cycling of normal non‐leukaemic cells. Most proliferating cells had high scatter profile and were undetected by current criteria of analysis, which under‐estimated up to 6 times antigen‐specific cell frequency in LNs. Our discovery of cycling antigen‐specific CD8 T cells in the blood opens promising translational perspectives.
Ten‐Year Trend and Correlates of Reported Posttraumatic Stress Disorder among Young Male Veteran Suicide Decedents—Results from the National Violent Death Reporting System, 16 U.S. States, 2005–2014
Authors: O'Donnell Julie , Logan Joseph , Bossarte Robert 
Published: November 2018

AbstractObjectiveThis study examined trends and correlates of reported post‐traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) among young male Veteran suicide decedents, using data from the National Violent Death Reporting System from 2005–2014 on 1,362 male U.S. Veteran suicide decedents aged 18–34 years.MethodsPrevalence of reported PTSD (i.e., diagnosis/symptoms) was determined by mental health diagnostic fields and narratives and examined by year. Demographic, incident, and precipitating circumstance characteristics correlated with reported PTSD were identified.ResultsOne‐hundred ninety‐eight (15%) decedents had PTSD evidence. A 30‐fold increase in reported PTSD prevalence occurred among decedents aged 25–34 years; however, no increase was observed among younger decedents. Reported PTSD was associated with past deployments (odds ratio (OR): 14.5, 95% confidence interval (95% CI): 9.0–23.4); depression (OR: 1.8, 95% CI: 1.2–2.6); and divorce (OR: 1.7, 95% CI: 1.0–2.7). Recent crisis (OR: 0.6, 95% CI: 0.3–0.9) was inversely associated with reported PTSD.ConclusionsReported PTSD prevalence substantially increased among Veteran suicide decedents aged 25–34 years suggesting it is beginning to play a larger role in suicide for this group. Few correlated suicide risk factors were found, suggesting that if symptoms of PTSD are present, heightened vigilance by providers for suicide risk might be warranted, irrespective of evidence of other risk factors.
Understanding geographical patterns of a city’s diurnal rhythm from aggregate data of location‐aware services
Authors: Ma Ting , Pei Tao , Song Ci , Liu Yaxi , Du Yunyan , Liao Xiaohan 
Published: November 2018

AbstractDo collective behaviors of the daily routine of a city's inhabitants form the periodical cycling of human activity at the city level (here termed the “city's diurnal rhythm”)? If the answer is yes, do there exist geographical patterns in the city's diurnal rhythm? Using a nationwide dataset of observed uses of location‐aware services in the largest Chinese social media platform, we first confirm the significant periodicity in city‐level human activity from the perspective of the aggregate degree of social media uses over a day. We then investigate geographical changes in the diurnal rhythm of human activity and its local variations in different parts of the city, and between weekdays and weekend days, over 340 Chinese cities. Our results show that a city's diurnal rhythm across the whole country exhibits both regular, nationally conspicuous shifts along geographical gradients and locally distinct spatiotemporal changes within the city. Our findings could provide insights into the characterization of the daily routine of city‐level human activity and its geographical patterns, and have potential for several issues in terms of planning, management, and decision‐making related to human population dynamics.
Transfusion‐associated circulatory overload—a systematic review of diagnostic biomarkers
Authors: Klanderman Robert B. , Bosboom Joachim J. , Migdady Yazan , Veelo Denise P. , Geerts Bart F. , Murphy Michael F. , Vlaar Alexander P.J. 
Published: November 2018

BACKGROUNDTransfusion‐associated circulatory overload (TACO) is the leading cause of transfusion‐related major morbidity and mortality. Diagnosing TACO is difficult because there are no pathognomonic signs and symptoms. TACO biomarkers may aid in diagnosis, decrease time to treatment, and differentiate from other causes of posttransfusion dyspnea such a transfusion‐related acute lung injury.STUDY DESIGN AND METHODSA systematic review of literature was performed in EMBASE, PubMed, the TRIP Database, and the Cochrane Library, from inception to June 2018. All articles discussing diagnostic markers for TACO were included. Non‐English articles or conference abstracts were excluded.RESULTSTwenty articles discussing biomarkers for TACO were included. The majority investigated B‐type natriuretic peptide (BNP) and the N‐terminal prohormone cleavage fragment of BNP (NT‐proBNP), markers of hydrostatic pressure that can be determined within 1 hour. The data indicate that a post/pretransfusion NT‐proBNP ratio > 1.5 can aid in the diagnosis of TACO. Posttransfusion levels of BNP less than 300 or NT‐proBNP less than 2000 pg/mL, drawn within 24 hours of the reaction, make TACO unlikely. Cut‐off levels that exclude TACO are currently unclear. In critically ill patients, the specificity of natriuretic peptides for circulatory overload is poor. Other biomarkers, such as cytokine profiles, cannot discriminate between TACO and transfusion‐related acute lung injury.CONCLUSIONCurrently, BNP and NT‐proBNP are the primary diagnostic biomarkers researched for TACO. An NT‐proBNP ratio greater than 1.5 is supportive of TACO, and low levels of BNP or NT‐proBNP can exclude TACO. However, they are unreliable in critically ill patients. Other biomarkers, including cytokines and pulmonary edema fluid‐to‐serum protein ratio have not yet been sufficiently investigated for clinical use.
The Eurasian Landbridge and China's Belt and Road Initiative: Demand, supply of services and public policy
Authors: Pomfret Richard 
Published: November 2018

AbstractRail links between China and Europe are typically analysed in the context of China's Belt and Road Initiative, focusing on China's economic rise and the implications for international relations. This paper argues that establishment of the China–Europe Landbridge predated the BRI and has been market‐driven, as service providers identified and responded to demand for efficient freight services along pre‐existing railway lines. Governments' role was trade facilitating, that is reducing delays and costs at border‐crossing points, rather than investing in hard infrastructure. Service providers responded by linking European and Asian value chains (e.g., in automobiles and electronic goods) and reducing costs for traders shipping between China and Europe. The Eurasian Landbridge provides a case study of servicification as a component of increased trade in the twenty‐first century.
Risk factors for permanent childhood hearing impairment
Authors: Butcher Emma , Dezateux Carol , Knowles Rachel L 
Published: November 2018

ObjectiveWhile several perinatal risk factors for permanent childhood hearing impairment (PCHI) are known, association with gestational length remains unclear. We hypothesised that shorter gestational length predicts higher PCHI risk.Design19 504 participants from the UK Millennium Cohort Study (born 2000–2002, prior to newborn screening).MethodsMultivariable discrete-time survival analysis to examine associations between parent-reported PCHI by age 11 years and gestational length, plus other prespecified factors.ResultsPCHI affected 2.1 per 1000 children (95% CI 1.5 to 3.0) by age 11; however, gestational length did not predict PCHI risk (HR, 95% CI 1.00, 0.98 to 1.03 per day increase). Risk was increased in those with neonatal illness, with or without admission to neonatal care (6.33, 2.27 to 17.63 and 2.62, 1.15 to 5.97, respectively), of Bangladeshi or Pakistani ethnicity (2.78, 1.06 to 7.31) or born to younger mothers (0.92, 0.87 to 0.97 per year).ConclusionNeonatal illness, rather than gestational length, predicts PCHI risk. Further research should explore associations with ethnicity.
Respiratory disease mortality in the United Kingdom compared with EU15+ countries in 1985-2015: observational study
Authors: Salciccioli Justin D , Marshall Dominic C , Shalhoub Joseph , Maruthappu Mahiben , De Carlo Giuseppe , Chung Kian Fan 
Published: November 2018

AbstractObjectiveTo compare age standardised death rates for respiratory disease mortality between the United Kingdom and other countries with similar health system performance.DesignObservational study.SettingWorld Health Organization Mortality Database, 1985-2015.ParticipantsResidents of the UK, Austria, Belgium, Denmark, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Ireland, Italy, Luxembourg, the Netherlands, Portugal, Spain, Sweden, Australia, Canada, the United States, and Norway (also known as EU15+ countries).Main outcome measuresMortality from all respiratory disease and infectious, neoplastic, interstitial, obstructive, and other respiratory disease. Differences between countries were tested over time by mixed effect regression models, and trends in subcategories of respiratory related diseases assessed by a locally weighted scatter plot smoother.ResultsBetween 1985 and 2015, overall mortality from respiratory disease in the UK and EU15+ countries decreased for men and remained static for women. In the UK, the age standardised death rate (deaths per 100 000 people) for respiratory disease mortality in the UK fell from 151 to 89 for men and changed from 67 to 68 for women. In EU15+ countries, the corresponding changes were from 108 to 69 for men and from 35 to 37 in women. The UK had higher mortality than most EU15+ countries for obstructive, interstitial, and infectious subcategories of respiratory disease in both men and women.ConclusionMortality from overall respiratory disease was higher in the UK than in EU15+ countries between 1985 and 2015. Mortality was reduced in men, but remained the same in women. Mortality from obstructive, interstitial, and infectious respiratory disease was higher in the UK than in EU15+ countries.
The association between insulin therapy and depression in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus: a meta-analysis
Authors: Bai Xiaosu , Liu Zhiming , Li Zhisen , Yan Dewen 
Published: November 2018

ObjectivesSeveral patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) have depressive disorders. Whether insulin treatment was associated with increased risk of depression remains controversial. We performed a meta-analysis to evaluate the association of insulin therapy and depression.DesignA meta-analysis.MethodsWe conducted a systematic search of PubMed, PsycINFO, Embase and the Cochrane Library from their inception to April 2016. Epidemiological studies comparing the prevalence of depression between insulin users and non-insulin users were included. A random-effects model was used for meta-analysis. The adjusted and crude data were analysed.ResultsTwenty-eight studies were included. Of these, 12 studies presented with adjusted ORs. Insulin therapy was significantly associated with increased risk of depression (OR=1.41, 95% CI 1.13 to 1.76, p=0.003). Twenty-four studies provided crude data. Insulin therapy was also associated with an odds for developing depression (OR=1.59, 95% CI 1.41 to 1.80, p<0.001). When comparing insulin therapy with oral antidiabetic drugs, significant association was observed for adjusted (OR=1.42, 95% CI 1.08 to 1.86, p=0.008) and crude (OR=1.61, 95% CI 1.35 to 1.93, p<0.001) data.ConclusionsOur meta-analysis confirmed that patients on insulin therapy were significantly associated with the risk of depressive symptoms.
Adverse pregnancy and neonatal outcomes associated withNeisseria gonorrhoeae, Mycoplasma genitalium, M. hominis, Ureaplasma urealyticum and U. parvum:a systematic review and meta-analysis protocol
Authors: Vallely Lisa M , Egli-Gany Dianne , Pomat William , Homer Caroline SE , Guy Rebecca , Wand Handan , Silver Bronwyn , Rumbold Alice R , Kaldor John M , Low Nicola , Vallely Andrew J 
Published: November 2018

IntroductionSeveral bacterial sexually transmitted and genital mycoplasma infections during pregnancy have been associated with poor pregnancy and perinatal outcomes. Comprehensive and systematic information about associations between sexually transmitted infections (STI) and genital infections in pregnancy and adverse perinatal outcomes is needed to improve understanding about the evidence for causal associations between these infections and adverse pregnancy and neonatal outcomes. Our primary objective is to systematically review the literature about associations between: (1)Neisseria gonorrhoeaein pregnancy and preterm birth; (2)Mycoplasma genitaliumin pregnancy and preterm birth; (3)M. hominis, Ureaplasma urealyticumand/orU. parvumin pregnancy and preterm birth.Methods and analysisWe will undertake a systematic search of Medline, Excerpta Medica database and the Cochrane Library and Cumulative Index to Nursing and Allied Health Literature. Following an initial screening of titles by one reviewer, abstracts will be independently assessed by two reviewers before screening of full-text articles. To exclude a manuscript, both reviewers need to agree on the decision. Any discrepancies will be resolved by discussion, or the adjudication of a third reviewer. Studies will be included if they report testing for one or more ofN. gonorrhoeae, M. genitalium, M. hominis, U. urealyticum and/or U. parvumduring pregnancy and report pregnancy and/or birth outcomes. In this review, the primary outcome is preterm birth. Secondary outcomes are premature rupture of membranes, low birth weight, spontaneous abortion, stillbirth, neonatal mortality and ophthalmia neonatorum. We will use standard definitions, or definitions reported by study authors. We will examine associations between exposure and outcome in forest plots, using the I2statistic to examine between study heterogeneity. Where appropriate, we will use meta-analysis to combine results of individual studies.Ethics and disseminationThis systematic review of published literature does not require ethical committee approval. Results of this review will be published in a peer reviewed, open access journal.PROSPERO registration numberCRD42016050962.
The effects of a single session of lumbar spinal manipulative therapy in terms of physical performance test symmetry in asymptomatic athletes: a single-blinded, randomised controlled study.
Authors: Alvarenga Bruno A P , Fujikawa Ricardo , João Filipa , Lara Jerusa P R , Veloso António P 
Published: November 2018

Background and aimMusculoskeletal disorders in athletes, including spinal biomechanical dysfunctions, are believed to negatively influence symmetry. Spinal manipulative therapy (SMT) is recognised as a safe and effective treatment for musculoskeletal disorders, but there is little evidence about whether it can be beneficial in symmetry. Therefore, this study aimed to measure the effects of lumbar SMT in symmetry.MethodsForty asymptomatic athletes participated in the study. The randomisation procedure was performed according to the following group allocation: group 1 (SMT) and group 2 (SHAM). Each participant completed a physical activity questionnaire, and also underwent clinical and physical evaluation for inclusion according to eligibility criteria. Statistical significance (P<0.05) between groups and types of therapy were calculated by physical performance tests symmetry (static position, squat and counter movement jump (CMJ), pre- and post-SMT and SHAM. There were 14 trials of three symmetry tests for each participant, for a total of 560 trials.ResultsLumbar SMT produced immediate effects in symmetry in the static position; however, the same effects were not found in squat and CMJ on symmetry 1. Therefore, our results showed a significant difference in pre- (mean 16.3%) and post-lumbar SMT (mean 3.7%) in static symmetry. However, symmetry 2 showed no statistical significant differences for any of the tests and intervention groups. No statistically significant effects in symmetry pre- to post-SHAM were found in any of the tests.ConclusionsStatistically significant differences were found in lumbar SMT, but only for static symmetry. These findings suggest that SMT was effective in producing immediate effects in symmetry in the static position, but none in dynamic tests. Future studies could address our study's limitations.Clinical trials register numberNCT03361592.
Spatial variations in distributive fluvial system architecture of the Upper Cretaceous Marília Formation, SE Brazil
Authors: Dal’ Bó Patrick Führ , Soares Marcus Vinícius Theodoro , Basilici Giorgio , Rodrigues Amanda Goulart , Menezes Mauricius Nascimento 
Published: November 2018

Abstract
Conceptual models developed from modern distributive fluvial systems (DFSs) show a predictable spatial variation of facies progression from the margin to the interior of continental sedimentary basins. The Upper Cretaceous Serra da Galga Member of the Marília Formation has recently been interpreted to be a result of DFS deposition in the intracratonic Bauru Basin. This paper describes the spatial variations in stratigraphic architecture from the proximal to medial regions of the studied DFS and presents the implications of the recorded changes for fluvial reservoir characterization. The proximal areas are dominated by amalgamated channel-fill deposits and weakly developed, well-drained palaeosol profiles with only sparse floodplain deposits. The medial areas display a reduction in channel-fill deposits, an increase in the preserved thickness of floodplain deposits and the occurrence of sheetflood deposits and well-developed, poorly drained palaeosols. This spatial trend is accompanied by changes in the net : gross ratios of the geological bodies, forming possible high net : gross reservoirs in the proximal areas and reservoirs with very variable net : gross ratios in the medial areas. This down-system change in preserved stratigraphic architecture is evidenced for the first time in the studied sedimentary succession and follows the same pattern of facies progression described from modern examples of DFSs.