bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Post‐hematopoietic stem cell transplant hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis or an impostor: Case report and review of literature
Authors: Vatsayan Anant , Pateva Irina , Cabral Linda , Dalal Jignesh , Abu‐Arja Rolla 
Published: March 2018

AbstractHLH occurring after HSCT is a relatively rare disease. Many conditions may mimic or trigger HLH in post‐HSCT period (eg, cytokine release syndrome, engraftment syndrome, graft rejection/failure, acute graft‐vs‐host disease, infections systemic inflammatory response syndrome/sepsis, and thrombotic microangiopathy). Moreover, this period is usually marked by febrile illness, cytopenia, and a “cytokine storm” leading to elevation of inflammatory biomarkers like ferritin and sCD25. These parameters overlap with the diagnostic criteria for HLH. Such confounding factors make the management of post‐HSCT HLH quite challenging. We illustrate this critical issue with case report of a patient who was diagnosed with HLH after allogeneic HSCT for tAML. He received MP and CsA for HLH but VP‐16 was not administered due to fear of severe myelosuppression. Fortunately, he responded well to treatment and remains in remission to date. We recommend caution while using HLH‐94/HLH‐2004 guidelines for the diagnosis and management of post‐HSCT HLH. In this article, we pinpoint these issues with a brief review of all the pediatric cases and clinical studies of post‐HSCT HLH along with a critical evaluation of its various diagnostic criteria. Finally, based on the limitations of current diagnostic criteria, we suggest a need for formulating disease‐specific diagnostic criteria for post‐HSCT HLH.
Winch on Understanding Other People
Authors: Richter Duncan 
Published: March 2018

AbstractThis paper aims to identify the main points that Peter Winch makes, or reminders that he offers, about understanding ourselves and others. It would no doubt be possible to construct a theory out of these ideas, but I try to avoid giving the impression that Winch does so. Instead, the most Wittgensteinian approach to the subject is, as Winch does, to describe, remind and thereby clarify, without putting forward any kind of questionable hypothesis. Winch's work brings out the fact that understanding people is importantly connected to both wisdom and practical being in tune with others, but identical with neither.
Levels of Value Integration in Federal Agencies' Mission and Value Statements: Is Open Government a Performance Target of U.S. Federal Agencies?
Authors: Piotrowski Suzanne , Rosenbloom David H. , Kang Sinah , Ingrams Alex 
Published: March 2018

AbstractThe Barack Obama administration advanced open government initiatives to make federal administration more open, accountable, and responsive to citizens. Yet a question remains whether federal administrators took notice. This article examines changes in the extent to which U.S. federal agencies have integrated the three core principles of open government—transparency, public participation, and collaboration—into their performance planning. By analyzing 337 annual performance plans of 24 major federal agencies from fiscal years 2001 to 2016, the authors found that, overall, the level of integration of open government into performance planning has been trending higher since the early 2000s. During the Obama presidency, integration initially rose sharply but later declined. Findings also show that agencies' stated core values regarding open government are not consistently integrated into their performance plans. The implications of these findings for incorporating democratic‐constitutional values into holistic performance management are considered.
Seeking the perfect oyster shell: a brief review of current knowledge
Authors: Mizuta Darien Danielle , Wikfors Gary H. 
Published: March 2018

AbstractCurrent trends in the seafood market indicate increased demand for within‐shell oysters, associated with increasing popularity of oyster bars. As this specialized, demanding market increases globally, there is strong incentive to improve quality. In this context, the manipulation of oyster shell traits through aquaculture as a means of improving oyster quality is timely and promising in terms of marketing. Several oyster shell characteristics, most especially shape, measured as length (L), width (W) and depth (D), result from a combination of three factors: genetics, environmental condition to which the oyster is exposed and husbandry practices. Although breeding programmes have targeted several important commercial traits, selection for shell traits has not been widely performed. Additionally, accumulated knowledge of the effects of environmental conditions and farming methods on shell characteristics exists at a local level, but as such, it is not always validated with scientific data. The existing local knowledge and practices, however, are of extreme importance for the improvement and adaptation of the farming sector to market demands. Current knowledge about the genetic, environmental and husbandry effects on shell and related aquaculture practices for manipulation of shell appearance and robustness in commercially important oysters of the Genus Crassostrea is compiled here. As the topic has not been well documented in the academic field, information from scientific articles was complemented by technical reports and commercial sources. A combination of aquaculture practices is needed to produce oysters of acceptable shape, thickness, cleanliness and colour, although suitable shell characteristics may vary with different markets.
Simultaneous Inference for Misaligned Multivariate Functional Data
Authors: Olsen Niels Lundtorp , Markussen Bo , Raket Lars Lau 
Published: March 2018

SummaryWe consider inference for misaligned multivariate functional data that represents the same underlying curve, but where the functional samples have systematic differences in shape. We introduce a class of generally applicable models where warping effects are modelled through non-linear transformation of latent Gaussian variables and systematic shape differences are modelled by Gaussian processes. To model cross-covariance between sample co-ordinates we propose a class of low dimensional cross-covariance structures that are suitable for modelling multivariate functional data. We present a method for doing maximum likelihood estimation in the models and apply the method to three data sets. The first data set is from a motion tracking system where the spatial positions of a large number of body markers are tracked in three dimensions over time. The second data set consists of longitudinal height and weight measurements for Danish boys. The third data set consists of three-dimensional spatial hand paths from a controlled obstacle avoidance experiment. We use the method to estimate the cross-covariance structure and use a classification set-up to demonstrate that the method outperforms state of the art methods for handling misaligned curve data.
Psychological Impairment as a Predictor of Suicide Ideation in Individuals with Anorexia Nervosa
Authors: Bodell Lindsay P. , Cheng Yu , Wildes Jennifer E. 
Published: March 2018

Anorexia nervosa (AN) is an eating disorder characterized by severe food restriction resulting in low body weight and an intense fear of gaining weight. This disorder has one of the highest suicide rates of any psychiatric illness; however, few studies have investigated prospective predictors of suicide ideation (SI) in this population. Quality‐of‐life impairment may be particularly relevant for understanding suicide risk in AN, given associations with SI in other psychiatric disorders and associations with chronicity and severity in AN. This study explored associations between eating disorder‐related impairment and SI in individuals with AN (n = 113) who completed assessments at treatment discharge and 3, 6, and 12 months after discharge. Greater psychological impairment predicted future occurrence of SI controlling for age, depression, history of SI, and eating disorder variables. Associations were specific to psychological impairment as other domains of impairment did not predict SI over time. Findings highlight the potential importance of targeting interpersonal–psychological consequences of AN to decrease future suicide risk.
The similarity of European pension systems in terms of OMC objectives: A cross‐country study
Authors: Chybalski Filip , Gumola Małgorzata 
Published: March 2018

AbstractFor several decades, pension systems across the world have been undergoing reforms. The main reasons for this are demographic changes and increasing life expectancy. To make these reforms more effective and ensure that they are based on the best benchmarks, the European Union (EU) has introduced the Open Method of Coordination (OMC) in the field of pensions. This study investigates whether European pension systems have become more similar and convergent in terms of the three main objectives of the OMC: adequacy, sustainability, and modernization of pensions. Our methodology is based on multivariate statistical analysis, and employs synthetic indicators as well as agglomerative hierarchical clustering. We analyze 27 countries in the years 2005, 2010, and 2015. The article contributes to the existing literature on pension reforms through investigation of the convergence of EU pension systems in terms of the three OMC objectives, in order to evaluate the effectiveness of this public policy concept. Our approach differs from that generally found in the literature, especially in terms of the methodology employed. The results support the view that the OMC is not an effective means of making European pension systems more convergent and better in terms of adequacy, efficiency, and modernization. Any improvement in OMC performance in the field of pensions, even if observed, is not as significant as expected.
Amenity Decomposition: The Role Played by Firms and Workers in Explaining Spatial Wage Differences in Chile
Authors: Iturra Victor 
Published: March 2018

AbstractIt is well established in the literature that amenities are important in affecting regional patterns by influencing both workers' and firms' location decisions. Using the seminal contribution made by Beeson and Eberts, this study performs a wage change decomposition into amenity (workers) and productivity (firms) components. The results reveal that firms are more significant when explaining high average wage regions in Chile, since they derive more benefits from agglomeration economies and natural resources. Finally, the results also confirm how important agglomeration economies are in developing countries.
Artistic Practices and the Redistribution of the Sensible in Largo do Chiado: Attention, Corporeal Isles, Visceral Politics
Authors: Paiva Daniel , Cachinho Herculano 
Published: March 2018

AbstractThe objective of this paper is to explore how different artistic practices work to alter the distribution of the senses, and consequently, the disposition, processes and practices of the situated surplus of urban places. While it has been acknowledged that artistic performances in public space generate specific appropriations of the urban environment, the role that specific sensorial channels play in these events is still underexplored. Drawing upon fieldwork conducted between 2012 and 2016 in Chiado, our study highlights how dance, music and architecture stimulate, invoke and highlight specific senses while rendering others unnoticed. This causes shifts in bodily rhythms, mood and attention to details in urban space. As certain corporeal isles are enacted through contemplation, the experience and appropriation of urban space is subject to change. A central tension in this matter is the fluctuation between visual and sonic spatialities.
Decomposing Multi‐Level Ethnic Segregation in Auckland, New Zealand, 2001–2013: Segregation Intensity for Multiple Groups at Multiple Scales
Authors: Manley David , Johnston Ron , Jones Kelvyn 
Published: March 2018

AbstractThere has been a growing appreciation that the processes generating urban residential segregation operate at multiple scales, stimulating innovations into the measurement of their outcomes. This paper applies a multi‐level modelling approach to that issue to the situation in Auckland, where multiple migration streams from both Pacific Island and Asian origins have created a complex multi‐ethnic city. We identify two distinct trends. For the larger ethnic groups segregation remained static despite rapid growth over a recent twelve‐year period. For the smaller groups growth has been combined with considerable change; they initially clustered in a few localities and areas within them but then experienced considerable reduction in the intensity of that segregation. By spatially decomposing the segregation levels, this paper extends our appreciation of its underpinning processes when they apply to migration streams that differ in their nature from those on which traditional residential location‐decision theory has been based.
Evaluation of the analytical variability of dipstick protein pads in canine urine
Authors: Giraldi Marco , Paltrinieri Saverio , Zatelli Andrea 
Published: March 2018

BackgroundThe dipstick is a first‐line and inexpensive test that can exclude the presence of proteinuria in dogs. However, no information is available about the analytical variability of canine urine dipstick analysis.ObjectivesThe aim of this study was to assess the analytical variability in 2 dipsticks and the inter‐operator variability in dipstick interpretation.MethodsCanine urine supernatants (n = 174) were analyzed with 2 commercially available dipsticks. Two observers evaluated each result blinded to the other observer and to the results of the other dipstick. Intra‐ and inter‐assay variability was assessed in 5 samples (corresponding to the 5 different semi‐quantitative results) tested 10 consecutive times over 5 consecutive days. The agreement between observers and between dipsticks was evaluated with Cohen's k test.ResultsIntra‐assay repeatability was good (≤3/10 errors), whereas inter‐assay variability was higher (from 1/5 to 4/5 discordant results). The concordance between the operators (k = 0.68 and 0.79 for the 2 dipsticks) and that of the dipsticks (k = 0.66 and 0.74 for the 2 operators) was good. However, 1 observer and 1 dipstick overestimated the results compared with the second observer or dipstick. In any case, discordant results accounted for a single unit of the semi‐quantitative scale.ConclusionsAs for any other method, analytic variability may affect the semi‐quantitation of urinary proteins when using the dipstick method. Subjective interpretation of the pad and, to a lesser extent, intrinsic staining properties of the pads could affect the results. Further studies are warranted to evaluate the effect of this variability on clinical decisions.
First insights into Puumala orthohantavirus circulation in a rodent population in Alsace, France
Authors: Monchatre‐Leroy E. , Murri S. , Castel G. , Calavas D. , Boué F. , Hénaux V. , Marianneau P. 
Published: March 2018

SummaryIn‐depth knowledge on the mechanisms that maintain infection by a zoonotic pathogen in an animal reservoir is the key to predicting and preventing transmission to humans. The Puumala orthohantavirus (PUUV), the most prevalent orthohantavirus in Western Europe, causes a mild form of haemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome (HFRS) in humans. In France, this endemic illness affects the north‐eastern part of the country. We conducted a 4‐year capture–mark–recapture study in a bank vole population, combined with molecular analyses, to explore the epidemiological situation of PUUV in Alsace, a French region where human cases have occurred, but for which no studies have been conducted on this reservoir host. PUUV‐infected bank voles were detected in the 2 years that showed high bank vole density with a prevalence of 4%. The individual PUUV sequences identified in this study were similar from year to year and similar to other French sequences. On a very small spatial scale, the distribution of seropositive bank voles was very heterogeneous in time and space. The short distances travelled on average by bank voles resulted in spatial clusters of seropositive rodents, which spread only very gradually throughout the year.
Molecular epidemiology of Shiga toxin‐producing O113:H21 isolates from cattle and meat
Authors: Sanso A. M. , Bustamante A. V. , Krüger A. , Cadona J. S. , Alfaro R. , Cáceres M. E. , Fernández D. , Lucchesi P. M. A. , Padola N. L. 
Published: March 2018

SummaryThe serotype O113:H21 is considered one of the relevant non‐O157 STEC serotypes associated with severe human infections. Due to the increased detection of O113 strains and their relationship with clinical cases, which emphasizes the importance of this serogroup as an emerging pathogen, our aim was to determine the characteristics of STEC O113:H21 strains circulating in bovine cattle and retail meat from Argentina. For this purpose, we determined the presence and combinations of various virulence genes (and their variants) related to adhesion and toxicity in a collection of 34 isolates. Their genetic relatedness using multiple‐locus variable‐number tandem repeat analysis (MLVA) was also studied. Subtyping of stx genes indicated that O113:H21 strains circulating in Argentina mainly present stx2a alone or together with stx2c or, less frequent, with stx2d, all of which are subtypes associated with human disease. We found plasmid markers, such as saa, ehxA and subA, in a higher proportion than previous studies, and five variants of saa, two of which were novel ones. In relation to MLVA subtyping, we detected a limited diversity among the isolates considering that several loci were not discriminative and, that in some farms, the same clone seemed to remain circulating throughout the year. The O113:H21 strains studied harbour several toxin and adhesion genes (saa, espP, fimCD, ehaA, iha, hcpA, elfA, lpfO113, ecpA, subA, cdt‐V) and Stx subtypes associated with human disease. Results also highlighted that subtyping of stx and saa is useful to discriminate O113:H21 strains that share virulence genes. In conclusion, this study shows that a number of O113:H21 strains that occur in foods and bovines could be pathogenic for humans. This situation calls for further attention in the prevention and control of foodborne disease caused by these strains.
Cross‐sectional study to estimate the prevalence of enterohaemorrhagic Escherichia coli on hides of market beef cows at harvest
Authors: Schneider L. G. , Stromberg Z. R. , Lewis G. L. , Moxley R. A. , Smith D. R. 
Published: March 2018

SummaryCattle hides are an important source of enterohaemorrhagic Escherichia coli (EHEC) carcass contamination at slaughter. Seven EHEC serogroups are adulterants in raw, non‐intact beef: EHEC O26, O45, O103, O111, O121, O145 and O157. The objective of this study was to estimate the probability for hide contamination with EHEC among US market beef cows at slaughter and to test the effects of season and geographic region on prevalence of hide contamination. Hides (n = 800) of market cows were swabbed at slaughter immediately after exsanguination, prior to hide removal. Cows were sampled from two geographically distinct beef packing plants during four seasons of 2015. Cattle source was categorized by northern or southern region. Samples were tested for EHEC by a molecular screening assay. The effects of region, season and their interaction on the probability of hide contamination by each EHEC serogroup were tested in separate multilevel multivariable logistic regression models, accounting for the random effect of clustering by plant. Statistical significance was set α = .05. Of 800 total samples, at least one EHEC was detected on 630 (79%) hides. Enterohaemorrhagic E. coli O26 was detected on 129 (16%) of all hides sampled, EHEC O45 on 437 (55%), EHEC O103 on 289 (36%), EHEC O111 on 189 (24%), EHEC O121 on 140 (18%), EHEC O145 on 171 (21%) and EHEC O157 on 89 (11%). Detection of EHEC O26 and EHEC O121 was associated with season. Season and region were associated with detecting EHEC O45 and EHEC O157. Season‐by‐region interactions were associated with the outcome of detecting EHEC O103, EHEC O111 and EHEC O145. Season, region of origin and the interaction of these factors affect hide contamination of market beef cattle at slaughter by EHEC, and each serogroup responds to these factors uniquely.
Gamma and infra‐slow oscillations shape neuronal firing in the rat subcortical visual system
Authors: Chrobok Lukasz , Palus‐Chramiec Katarzyna , Jeczmien‐Lazur Jagoda Stanislawa , Blasiak Tomasz , Lewandowski Marian Henryk 
Published: March 2018

Key pointsNeuronal oscillations observed in sensory systems are physiological carriers of information about stimulus features.Rhythm in the infra‐slow range, originating from the retina, was previously found in the firing of subcortical visual system nuclei involved in both image and non‐image forming functions.The present study shows that the firing of neurons in the lateral geniculate nucleus is also governed by gamma oscillation (∼35 Hz) time‐locked to high phase of infra‐slow rhythm that codes the intensity of transient light stimulation.We show that both physiological rhythms are synchronized within and between ipsilateral nuclei of the subcortical visual system and are dependent on retinal activity.The present study shows that neurophysiological oscillations characterized by various frequencies not only coexist in the subcortical visual system, but also are subjected to complex interference and synchronization processes.AbstractThe physiological function of rhythmic firing in the neuronal networks of sensory systems has been linked with information coding. Also, neuronal oscillations in different frequency bands often change as a signature of brain state or sensory processing. Infra‐slow oscillation (ISO) in the neuronal firing dependent on the retinal network has been described previously in the structures of the subcortical visual system. In the present study, we show for the first time that firing of ISO neurons in the lateral geniculate nucleus is also characterized by a harmonic discharge pattern (i.e. action potentials are separated by the intervals governed by fundamental frequency in the gamma range: ∼35 Hz). A similar phenomenon was recently described in the suprachiasmatic nuclei of the hypothalamus: the master biological clock. We found that both gamma and ISO rhythms were synchronized within and between ipsilateral nuclei of the subcortical visual system and were dependent on the retinal activity of the contralateral eye. These oscillatory patterns were differentially influenced by transient and prolonged light stimulation with respect to both frequency change direction and sustainability. The results of the present study show that the firing pattern of neurons in the subcortical visual system is shaped by oscillations from infra‐slow and gamma frequency bands that are plausibly generated by the retinal network. Additionally, the results demonstrate that both rhythms are not a distinctive feature of image or non‐image forming visual systems but, instead, they comprise two channels carrying distinctive properties of photic information.