bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Frequency and Predictors of Communication About High Blood Pressure in Rheumatoid Arthritis Visits
Authors: Bartels Christie Michels , Johnson Heather , Alcaraz Voelker Katya , Ogdie Alexis , McBride Patrick , Jacobs Elizabeth A. , Zhao Ying-Qi , Smith Maureen 
Published: April 2018

Background/Objective
Given heightened cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk in rheumatoid arthritis (RA) and that higher blood pressure (BP) represents greater CVD risk, we hypothesized that higher BP would predict more BP-related communication in rheumatology visits. We examined predictors of documented BP communication during RA clinic visits.

Methods
This was a retrospective cohort study of RA patients identified in electronic health record records with uncontrolled hypertension (HTN) receiving both primary and rheumatology care. Trained abstractors reviewed RA visit notes for “BP communication” using a standardized tool to elicit documentation about BP or HTN beyond recording vital signs. We used multivariate logistic regression to examine the impact of BP category (American Heart Association: ideal normotension, pre-HTN, and stages I and II HTN) on odds ratios (95% confidence intervals) of BP communication.

Results
Among 1267 RA patients, 40% experienced BP elevations meeting the definition of uncontrolled HTN. Of 2677 eligible RA visits, 22% contained any documented BP communication. After adjustment, models predicted only 31% of visits with markedly high BPs 160/100 mm Hg or greater would contain BP communication. Compared with stage I, stage II elevation did not significantly increase communication (odds ratio, 2.0 [95% confidence interval, 1.4–2.8] vs. 1.5 [1.2–2.2]), although both groups' odds exceeded pre-HTN and normotension. Less than 10% of eligible visits resulted in documented action steps recommending follow-up of high BP.

Conclusions
Regardless of BP magnitude, most RA clinic visits lacked documented communication about BP despite compounded CVD risk. Future work should study how rheumatology clinics can facilitate follow-up of high BPs to address HTN as the most common and reversible CVD risk factor.
Hypertonic Saline Solution Reduces Microcirculatory Dysfunction and Inflammation in a Rat Model of Brain Death
Authors: Correia Cristiano de Jesus , Armstrong Roberto , Carvalho Priscila Oliveira de , Simas Rafael , Sanchez Daniela Crisina Janolli , Breithaupt-Faloppa Ana Cristina , Sannomiya Paulina , Moreira Luiz Felipe Pinho 
Published: April 2018

ABSTRACT

Background:
Brain death (BD) induces hemodynamic instability with microcirculatory hypoperfusion, leading to increased organ inflammation and dysfunction. This study investigated the effects of 7.5% hypertonic saline solution (HSS) on mesenteric microcirculatory dysfunction and inflammation in a rat model of BD.

Methods:
Male Wistar rats were anesthetized and mechanically ventilated. BD was induced by rapidly inflating an intracranial balloon catheter. The rats were randomly divided into: SH, sham-operated rats subjected to trepanation; NS, rats treated with NaCl 0.9%, 4 mL/kg immediately after BD; T1, rats treated with HSS (NaCl 7.5%, 4 mL/kg) immediately or 60 min after BD, T60. All groups were analyzed 180 min after the start of the experiment.

Results:
Rats in BD groups presented with a similar hypertensive peak, followed by hypotension. Proportion of perfused small vessels was decreased in the NS group (46%) compared with the SH group (74%, P = 0.0039). HSS restored the proportion of perfused vessels (T1 = 71%, P = 0.0018). The anti-endothelial nitric oxide synthase (eNOS) protein expression significantly increased in rats given HSS (T1, and T60, P = 0.0002). Similar results were observed regarding endothelin-1 (P < 0.0001). Increased numbers of rolling (P = 0.0015) and migrated (P = 0.0063) leukocytes were observed in the NS group compared with the SH group. Rats given HSS demonstrated an overall reduction in leukocyte–endothelial interactions. The ICAM-1 levels increased in the NS group compared with the SH group, and decreased in the HSS-treated groups (P = 0.0002).

Conclusions:
HSS may improve the density of mesenteric perfused small vessels due to its effects on eNOS and endothelin-1 protein expression, and reduces inflammation by decreasing leukocyte adhesion and migration in a rat model of BD.
Self-organization across scales: from molecules to organisms
Authors: Saha Tanumoy , Galic Milos 
Published: April 2018

Creating ordered structures from chaotic environments is at the core of biological processes at the subcellular, cellular and organismic level. In this perspective, we explore the physical as well as biological features of two prominent concepts driving self-organization, namely phase transition and reaction–diffusion, before closing with a discussion on open questions and future challenges associated with studying self-organizing systems.
This article is part of the theme issue ‘Self-organization in cell biology’.
Wireless recording from unrestrained monkeys reveals motor goal encoding beyond immediate reach in frontoparietal cortex
Authors: Berger Michael , Agha Naubahar S. , Gail Alexander 
Published: April 2018

AbstractSystem neuroscience of motor cognition regarding the space beyond immediate reach mandates free, yet experimentally controlled movements. We present an experimental environment (Reach Cage) and a versatile visuo-haptic interaction system (MaCaQuE) for investigating goal-directed whole-body movements of unrestrained monkeys. Two rhesus monkeys conducted instructed walk-and-reach movements towards targets flexibly positioned in the cage. We tracked 3D multi-joint arm and head movements using markerless motion capture. Movements show small trial-to-trial variability despite being unrestrained. We wirelessly recorded 192 broad-band neural signals from three cortical sensorimotor areas simultaneously. Single unit activity is selective for different reach and walk-and-reach movements. Walk-and-reach targets could be decoded from premotor and parietal but not motor cortical activity during movement planning. The Reach Cage allows systems-level sensorimotor neuroscience studies with full-body movements in a configurable 3D spatial setting with unrestrained monkeys. We conclude that the primate frontoparietal network encodes reach goals beyond immediate reach during movement planning.
Dissociable roles for the rTPJ and dmPFC in self-other processing: a HD-tDCS study
Authors: Martin A. K. , Huang J. , Meinzer M. 
Published: April 2018

AbstractBackgroundSocial interaction relies on the integration and distinction of self and other. The dorsomedial prefrontal cortex (dmPFC) and the right temporoparietal junction (rTPJ) are two regions consistently associated with social processes. Theories of rTPJ function in social cognition include self-other distinction, self-inhibition, or embodied mental rotation, whereas the dmPFC is associated with a wide range of social functions involving understanding and encoding information pertaining to others. However, to date, no study has provided causal evidence for dissociable roles of the rTPJ and dmPFC in social cognition.Method52 healthy young adults were stratified into two studies and received either dmPFC or rTPJ anodal HD-tDCS in a sham-controlled, double-blinded, repeated measures design. Subjects completed a social cognitive battery measuring self-other processing across an implicit and explicit level one (line-of-sight) and level two (mental rotation) visual perspective taking tasks (VPT), as well as self and other encoding effects on episodic memory in order to test the self-reference effect (SRE).ResultsStimulation of the dmPFC selectively enhanced integration of the other perspective into self as indexed by an increase in congruency effect (incongruent-congruent) across both explicit VPT tasks. It also removed the SRE in episodic memory, indexed by increasing the recognition of other-encoded words and reducing the recognition of self-encoded words. Stimulation of the rTPJ resulted in improved inhibition of the self-perspective during level two VPT only, as indexed by a reduction of the congruency effect when taking the other perspective.ConclusionOur results provide the first causal evidence for dissociable roles of the dmPFC and rTPJ in social cognition. This research supports theories suggesting that rTPJ facilitates embodied mental rotation, whereas the dmPFC integrates information relevant to the other into that of the self.
Exocyst subcomplex functions in autophagosome biogenesis by regulating Atg9 trafficking
Authors: Singh Sunaina , Chinchwadkar Sarika , Aher Amol , Matheshwaran Saravanan , Manjithaya Ravi 
Published: April 2018

AbstractDuring autophagy, double membrane vesicles called autophagosomes capture and degrade the intracellular cargo. The de novo formation of autophagosomes requires several vesicle transport and membrane fusion events which are not completely understood. We studied the involvement of Exocyst- an octameric tethering complex, which has a primary function in tethering post-Golgi secretory vesicles to plasma membrane, in autophagy. Our findings indicate not all subunits of exocyst are involved in selective and general autophagy. We show that in the absence of autophagy specific subunits, autophagy arrest is accompanied by accumulation of incomplete autophagosome-like structures. In these mutants, impaired Atg9 trafficking leads to decreased delivery of membrane to the site of autophagosome biogenesis thereby impeding the elongation and completion of the autophagosomes. The subunits of exocyst which are dispensable for autophagic function do not associate with the autophagy specific subcomplex of exocyst.
An alternative mode of epithelial polarity in the Drosophila midgut
Authors: Chen Jia , Sayadian Aram-Christopher , Lowe Nick , Lovegrove Holly E. , St Johnston Daniel 
Published: April 2018

AbstractApical-basal polarity is essential for the formation and function of epithelial tissues, whereas loss of polarity is a hallmark of tumours. Studies in Drosophila have identified conserved polarity factors that define the apical (Crumbs, Stardust, Par-6, aPKC), junctional (Baz/Par-3) and basolateral (Scribbled, Discs large, Lgl) domains of epithelial cells (1, 2). Because these conserved factors mark equivalent domains in diverse vertebrate and invertebrate epithelial types, it is generally assumed that this system organises polarity in all epithelia. Here we show that this is not the case, as none of these canonical factors are required for the polarisation of the endodermal epithelium of the Drosophila adult midgut. Furthermore, unlike other Drosophila epithelia, the midgut forms occluding junctions above adherens junctions, as in vertebrates, and requires the integrin adhesion complex for polarity (3, 4). Thus, Drosophila contains two types of epithelia that polarise by different mechanisms. Since knock-outs of canonical polarity factors often have little effect on the polarity of vertebrate epithelia, this diversity of polarity mechanisms is likely to be conserved in other animals (5-8).
Gender dimension of vulnerability to climate change and variability
Authors: Alhassan Suhiyini I. , Kuwornu John K.M. , Osei-Asare Yaw B. 
Published: April 2018

PurposeThis paper aims to investigate farmers’ vulnerability to climate change and variability in the northern region of Ghana.Design/methodology/approachThe study assessed the vulnerability of male-headed and female-headed farming households to climate change and variability by using the livelihood vulnerability index (LVI) and tested for significant difference in their vulnerability levels by applying independent two-sample-student’st-test based on gender by using a sample of 210 smallholder farming households.FindingsThe results revealed a significant difference in the vulnerability levels of female-headed and male-headed farming households. Female–headed households were more vulnerable to livelihood strategies, socio-demographic profile, social networks, water and food major components of the LVI, whereas male-headed households were more vulnerable to health. The vulnerability indices revealed that female–headed households were more sensitive to the impact of climate change and variability. However, female-headed households have the least adaptive capacities. In all, female-headed farming households are more vulnerable to climate change and variability than male-headed farming households.Research limitations/implicationsThe study recommends that female-headed households should be given priority in both on-going and new intervention projects in climate change and agriculture by empowering them through financial resource support to venture into other income-generating activities. This would enable them to diversify their sources of livelihoods to boost their resilience to climate change and variability.Originality/valueThis is the first study that examined the gender dimension of vulnerability of smallholder farmers in Ghana by using the livelihood vulnerability framework. Female subordination in northern region of Ghana has been profound to warrant a study on gender dimension in relation to climate change and variability, especially as it is a semi-arid region with unpredictable climatic conditions. This research revealed the comparative vulnerability of male- and female-headed households to climate change and variability.
Organization of teaching practice of future primary school teachers in the context of dual training system
Authors: Khan Natalia , Syzdykbayeva Aigul , Kinzhibaeva Fariza , Demesheva Gulmira , Abilova Oryngul 
Published: April 2018

PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to bare the peculiarities and challenges of the dual training (DT) of the future primary school teachers in the Republic of Kazakhstan. The above-mentioned problem is quite urgent, as the system of VET and DT is a rather new experience for Kazakhstani system of higher education. Thereby, the paper makes an effort to demonstrate the forms of organization of DT at teachers’ training university.Design/methodology/approachThe instruments for gathering information (data) for this study were various primary school teachers’ training curricula adopted by Kazakh State Women’s Teacher Training University; in particular, curricula of teaching practice. Various types of teaching practice during the entire learning period are provided by the state educational standards of higher professional education. Therefore, the research utilized a retrospective analysis that allows identifying the nature and specifics of the primary school teachers’ training curricula.FindingsThe paper points out the necessity to strengthen practical orientation of future primary school teacher through the synthesis of academic and educational processes (in school). It also presents the differences between the organization of teaching practice based on traditional and dual approach.Originality/valueThe authors suggest project curriculum of continuous teaching practice during the entire learning process on the example of the specialty 5B010200 Pedagogy and methodology of primary education in the context of DT and some results of its implementation.
Discussing school value: an educational services viewpoint
Authors: Kitagawa Keiichi , Aoyama Atsushi 
Published: April 2018

Purpose
The purpose of this paper is to define school value and its components. This paper discusses the contents of the school’s value and the structure of the school’s value. This paper also shows findings of educational services and value in high school.

Design/methodology/approach
Comprehensive and inclusive questions were posed about “school value” to high-school instructors. A grounded theory approach was then used to analyze the collected data.

Findings
This analysis found that school value consists of four core categories: “school,” “students,” “guardians” and “region,” which consist of 13 high-ranking categories believed to represent the substance of school value. In addition, three of the four core categories are linked in a star pattern around the core category of “school.”

Research limitations/implications
This research analyzes the value of the school using the grounded theory approach. The data used for the analysis are interview data on the value of the school. And these analyzes reveal the contents of school value and the structure of school value.

Practical implications
This study discussed school value based on hearing data of faculty members. In the analysis method of this research, each school can find its own value by changing the target and contents of interview.

Social implications
Study of this school value clarified a leader’s role and action in the creation scene of school value. This finding will enable efficient activities of school leaders. As a result, it can be expected to promote school improvement.

Originality/value
The authors identified the categories forming “school value” and their relative relationships. “School value” emphasizes results co-created by stakeholders.
High school-university disconnect: a complex issue in Malaysia
Authors: Terpstra-Tong Jane Lai Yee , Ahmad Adlina 
Published: April 2018

PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to identify the major transition issues experienced by first-year students in Malaysia. In so doing, the authors compare the findings to those drawn from western contexts.Design/methodology/approachThis study applied a focus group method, conducting seven focus groups with a total of 35 business students.FindingsThis study identified five skills that are central to quick adaptation to university learning: independent learning, research, time management, English and critical thinking. Unlike findings in the western literature, the findings of this study do not indicate social aspect as a major adjustment issue.Research limitations/implicationsThe generalisability of the findings is limited due to the study’s small sample size. To overcome this, future researchers should consider a national study using a survey-based research method. To test whether students in a relationship-based culture are less prone to challenges related to social aspects in their transitions into university, cross-national or cross-cultural studies are needed.Practical implicationsThe study’s findings point to the need for Malaysia’s universities to strengthen their transition programmes, and proactively form closer relationships with high schools to help their students identify suitable courses and develop their curricula.Originality/valueThis study highlights the inadequacy of private education in bridging the gap between high schools and private university education in Malaysia. As most first-year-experience studies have used western samples, this study provides much needed data addressing the development of higher education and its relationship with the school systems of developing countries.
Integrating video technology and administrative practice in policing
Authors: Piccorelli Justin T. , Elias Maria Veronica 
Published: April 2018

Purpose
The purpose of this paper is to argue that philosophic and administrative thought have enframed (Heidegger, 1977) us to unconsciously accept technology in public administration and the bureaucracy.

Design/methodology/approach
It builds on literature in phenomenology.

Findings
It discusses the implications of this phenomenon for organizational decision-making, management, and governance more broadly.

Practical implications
It questions whether we should utilize video technology in policing, and examine technology as good or bad before implementing it.

Originality/value
Most of the critiques of technology were in the early 1990s. This paper attempts to explain why we implicitly accept technology, links the philosophy of Immanuel Kant to Herbert Simon, and articulates how technology shapes our thinking.
Impulse buying behaviour: an online-offline comparative and the impact of social media
Authors: Aragoncillo Laura , Orus Carlos 
Published: April 2018

Purpose
This paper aims to explore the phenomenon of impulse buying in the fashion industry. The online and offline channels are compared to determine which is perceived as leading to more impulsive buying.

Design/methodology/approach
As the result of the literature review, three research questions are proposed and examined through an online self-administered survey with 212 valid responses.

Findings
Results show that the offline channel is slightly more encouraging of impulse buying than the online channel; factors that encourage online impulse buying explain this behaviour to a greater extent than do discouraging factors; social networks can have a big impact on impulse buying.

Research limitations/implications
Findings are limited by the sampling plan, the sample size and the measurement of some of the variables; only one product type is analysed. Further research is needed to confirm that shipping-refund costs and delayed gratification (traditionally, discouraging factors of online buying) encourage online impulse buying; clarify contradictory results regarding the role of online privacy and convenience. This research contributes to the validation of a scale to measure the influence of social media on impulse buying behaviour.

Practical implications
Offline companies can trigger the buying impulse to a greater extent than online retailers. Managers must carefully select social networks to encourage impulse buying, Facebook and Instagram being the most influential; Twitter has the least impact.

Originality/value
This study compares the impulse buying phenomenon in both the physical store and the internet. Moreover, the influence of social networks on impulse buying is also explored.
Pseudopropionibacterium rubrum sp. nov., a novel red‐pigmented species isolated from human gingival sulcus
Authors: Saito Masanori , Shinozaki‐Kuwahara Noriko , Tsudukibashi Osamu , Hashizume‐Takizawa Tomomi , Kobayashi Ryoki , Kurita‐Ochiai Tomoko 
Published: April 2018

ABSTRACTIn this study, sStrain SK‐1T, a novel gram‐positive, pleomorphic, rod‐shaped, non‐spore forming, non‐motile organism, designated SK‐1T, was isolated from human gingival sulcus and found to produce acetic acid, propionic acid, lactic acid, and succinic acid as end products of glucose fermentation. Strain SK‐1T is most closely related to Pseudopropionibacterium (Propionibacterium) propionicum with sequence homologies of the 16S rRNA and RNA polymerase β subunit (rpoB) genes of 96.6% and 93.1%, respectively. The genomic DNA G + C content of the isolate was 61.8 mol%. On the basis of the sequence data of the 16S rRNA and housekeeping (rpoB) genes, a novel taxon is here proposed, Pseudopropionibacterium rubrum sp. nov. (type strain SK‐1T = JCM 31317T = DSM 100122T). The 16S rRNA and rpoB gene sequences of strain SK‐1T have been deposited in the DDBJ under the accession numbers LC002971 and LC102236, respectively.