bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Video of rusty‐spotted genets consuming bats and other prey: Behaviors observed and eco‐epidemiological considerations
Authors: Labadie Morgane , Do Linh San Emmanuel , Morand Serge , Caron Alexandre , Niama Fabien Roch , Nguilili Guytrich Franel , Tobi N'Kaya , De Nys Hélène Marie , Bourgarel Mathieu 
Published: November 2024

AbstractFollowing the implementation of a camera trap‐monitoring protocol of interactions between cave bats and wildlife in the Republic of Congo, we identified sustained rusty‐spotted genet (Genetta maculata) activity in Boundou cave. This cave, consisting of a single chamber, is home to a colony of several species of insectivorous bats throughout the year. Between 2022 and 2023, we recorded four events of bat or rodent consumption, one hunting attempt on bats and three feeding behaviors on insects. We describe and discuss the various behaviors and briefly elaborate on the potential epidemiological implications of bat consumption. To the best of our knowledge, our videos are the first to depict the consumption of bats by rusty‐spotted genets.
Cardiogenic shock mortality according to Aetiology in a Mediterranean cohort: Results from the Shock‐CAT study
Authors: García‐García Cosme , López‐Sobrino Teresa , Sanz‐Girgas Esther , Cueto Maria R. , Aboal Jaime , Pastor Pablo , Buera Irene , Sionis Alessandro , Andrea Rut , Rodríguez‐López Judit , Sánchez‐Salado Jose Carlos , Tomas Carlos , Bañeras Jordi , Ariza Albert , Lupón Josep , Bayés‐Genís Antoni , Rueda Ferran ,   Grup de Treball de Cures Agudes Cardiològiques Societat Catalana de Cardiologia
Published: November 2024

AbstractAimsMortality in cardiogenic shock (CS) remains elevated, with the potential for CS causes to impact prognosis and risk stratification. The aim was to investigate in‐hospital prognosis and mortality in CS patients according to aetiology. We also assessed the prognostic accuracy of CardShock and IABP‐SHOCK II scores.MethodsShock‐CAT study was a multicentre, prospective, observational study conducted from December 2018 to November 2019 in eight university hospitals in Catalonia, including non‐selected consecutive CS patients. Data on clinical presentation, management, including mechanical circulatory support (MCS) were analysed comparing acute myocardial infarction (AMI) related CS and non‐AMI‐CS. The accuracy of CardShock and IABP‐SHOCK II scores to assess 90 day mortality risk were also compared.ResultsA total of 382 CS patients were included, age 65.3 (SD 13.9) years, 75.1% men. Patients were classified as AMI‐CS (n = 232, 60.7%) and non‐AMI‐CS (n = 150, 39.3%). In the AMI‐CS group, 77.6% were STEMI. Main aetiologies for non‐AMI‐CS were heart failure (36.2%), arrhythmias (22.1%) and valve disease (8.0%). AMI‐CS patients required more MCS than non‐AMI‐CS (43.1% vs. 16.7%, P < 0.001). In‐hospital mortality was higher in AMI‐CS (37.1 vs. 26.7%, P = 0.035), with a two‐fold increased risk after multivariate adjustment (odds ratio 2.24, P = 0.019). The IABP‐SHOCK II had superior discrimination for predicting 90 day mortality when compared with CardShock in AMI‐CS patients [area under the curve (AUC) 0.74 vs. 0.66, P = 0.047] although both scores performed similarly in non‐AMI‐CS (AUC 0.64 vs. 0.62, P = 0.693).ConclusionsIn our cohort, AMI‐CS mortality was increased by two‐fold when compared with non‐AMI‐CS. IABP‐SHOCK II score provides better 90 day mortality risk prediction than CardShock score in AMI‐CS, but both scores performed similar in non‐AMI‐CS patients.
Core‐Shell Upconversion Nanoparticle@Metal–Organic Framework Fluorescent Nanoprobes for the Detection of Ferric Ions and Ferrous Ions
Authors: Su Jian , Wang Lu 
Published: November 2024

AbstractIn this study, we report a core‐shell fluorescent nanoprobe consisting of upconversion nanoparticles (UCNPs) NaGdF4 : Yb3+, Er3+ and metal‐organic frameworks (MOFs) ZIF‐8. ZIF‐8 can specifically bind to ferric ions (Fe3+) to change the ultraviolet‐visible absorption spectrum of the probe, as a result the fluorescence of the probe was quenched and achieve the detection of Fe3+. At the same time, since rhodamine B (RhB) can quench the fluorescence of this probe, by introducing ferrous ions (Fe2+) and hydrogen peroxide, based on Fenton reaction, the fluorescence signal of this probe can be recovered after the degradation of RhB, so it also can be used to detect Fe2+. Importantly, as the first report of UCNP@MOF probes for detecting Fe3+ and Fe2+, respectively, this method exhibits a good selectivity and anti‐interference capability. Finally, it was used to detect Fe3+ and Fe2+ in the serum with excellent recoveries.
Nickel(II) Complexes of Sterically Hindered 3N Donor Ligands as Models for Quercetin‐2,4‐Dioxygenase: Impact of Terminal Amine Substituent on Dioxygenolysis Reactivity
Authors: Karthickram Devaraj , Bhuvanesh Nattamai , Sundaravel Karuppasamy 
Published: November 2024

AbstractFour mononuclear nickel(II) complexes 1–4 of terminal nitrogens systematically derivatized diethylenetriamine ligands [L1=N1‐(cyclohexylmethyl)‐N2‐(2‐((cyclohexyl‐ methyl)amino)ethyl)ethane‐1,2‐diamine, L2=N1‐benzyl‐N2‐(2‐(benzylamino)‐ ethyl)ethane‐1,2‐diamine, L3=N1‐phenethyl‐N2‐(2‐(phenethylamino)ethyl)ethane‐1,2‐diamine and L4=N1‐(naphthalen‐1‐ylmethyl)‐N2‐(2‐((naphthalen‐1‐ylmethyl)amino)ethyl)ethane‐1,2‐diamine] and their nickel(II)‐flavonolate adducts 1 a–4 a have been synthesized as biomimetic models for nickel(II)‐containing quercetin‐2,4‐dioxygenase. XRD analysis of complex 1 reveals a distorted octahedral coordination environment around nickel(II) with NiN3Cl2O chromophore. The Epa values (+0.903 V for 3 a<+0.931 V for 1 a<+0.941 V for 4 a<+0.949 V for 2 a) in DMF attribute the increase in Lewis acidity of Ni(II) centre in the adducts with concomitant decrease in the extend of π‐back bonding from Ni(II)‐to‐fla− as influenced by the nature of terminal Ncycloalkyl/aryl substituents. Upon exposure to O2, all the adducts in DMF at 70 °C decompose the bound fla− into their ring‐opened products at reasonable rate constant values (1.8–2.3×10−3 s−1). The adduct 3 a with an additional −CH2 spacer makes the phenyl ring more dangling than that in 2 a, renders less steric crowding at terminal nitrogen thereby enhance the Ni(II)→flavonolate π‐backdonation and rate of dioxygenation. The formation of flavonoxy radical during the dioxygenative degradation pathway is confirmed by adding free‐radical scavenger TEMPO.
Continuous glucose monitoring in para cyclists: An observational study
Authors: Weijer Vera , van der Werf Rob , van der Haijden Myrthe , Jeukendrup Asker , van Loon Luc J. C. , Dijk Jan‐Willem van 
Published: November 2024

AbstractContinuous glucose monitoring (CGM) is an emerging tool for dietary counseling in athletes. This study aimed to explore blood glucose profiles in Para cyclists and evaluate CGM accuracy at rest and during exercise. Thirteen Para cyclists, comprising eight hand bikers and five cyclists, wore a CGM sensor (Abbott) for 2 weeks. Participants recorded the timing of meals and regular training sessions and executed one standardized training session. Fifteen capillary blood glucose reference values (seven at rest and eight during the standardized training) were obtained by finger pricks. Mean glucose concentrations and time spent in hypoglycemia (<3.9 mmol/L), euglycemia (3.9–7.8 mmol/L), and hyperglycemia (>7.8 mmol/L) were calculated over 24 hrs and during daytime, nighttime, exercise, and 2 hrs postprandial periods. Mean absolute relative differences (MARD) were calculated between the CGM and capillary blood glucose. The mean glucose concentration over the 24 hr‐period was 5.7 (5.6–5.8) mmol/L. Athletes were in the euglycemia range 91% of the time. Hyperglycemia was almost exclusively observed postprandially and during exercise. Hypoglycemia was restricted to the night and was particularly observed in athletes with a spinal cord injury. CGM accuracy was acceptable at rest (MARD: 12%) but markedly lower during exercise (MARD: 34%; p = 0.01), especially for hand bikers (MARD: 41%) compared with cyclists (MARD: 24%; p = 0.01). Para cyclists generally do not display signs of disturbed glucose regulation. However, the increased risk for nocturnal hypoglycemia in athletes with a spinal cord injury warrants attention. Furthermore, CGM accuracy is compromised during exercise, especially if the sensor is in proximity to highly active muscles.
Application of Machine Learning Techniques to the Prediction of Onset and Persistence of Binge Eating: A Prospective Study
Authors: McClure Zoe , Greenwood Christopher J. , Fuller‐Tyszkiewicz Matthew , Messer Mariel , Linardon Jake 
Published: November 2024

ABSTRACTObjectiveMachine learning (ML) techniques have shown promise for enhancing prediction of clinical outcomes; however, its application to predicting binge eating has been scarcely explored. We applied ML techniques to predict binge eating onset (vs. continued absence) and persistence (vs. remission) over time.MethodData were used from a larger prospective study of 1106 participants who were assessed on a range of putative risk, maintaining, and protective factors at baseline and 8 months follow‐up. Nine ML models for classification were developed and compared against a generalised linear model (GLM) for predicting onset (n = 334) and persistence (n = 623) outcomes using 39 self‐reported baseline variables as predictors.ResultsAll models performed poorly at predicting onset (AUC = 0.49–0.61) and persistence (AUC = 0.50–0.59) outcomes, with ML models demonstrating comparable performance to the GLM.ConclusionWe suspect that poor ML performance may have been a result of the limited set of self‐reported baseline predictors used to generate prediction models. Improved predictive accuracy and optimisation of ML models in future research may require consideration of a larger, more disparate set of predictors that also incorporate various data types, such as neuroimaging, physiological, or smartphone sensor data.
Energy: An Overview of Type, Form, Storage, Advantages, Efficiency, and Their Impact
Authors: Mekuye Bawoke , Mebratie Gedefaw , Abera Birhanu , Yibeltal Ayenew , Lake Assaye , Tefera Asnaku 
Published: November 2024

ABSTRACTRecently, energy has been a research area due to increasing awareness of its advantages. Energy is essential for all daily activities and helps the mind and body grows; it has the ability to determine the growth of an economy and the development of a country. However, energy has its disadvantages. Nonrenewable energy is energy such as fossil fuel, which is the main cause of air pollutant emissions, such as carbon dioxide, synthetic fluorinated gases, water vapor, and methane gases; and nuclear energy, its wastes are the main cause of air pollutant. They are also the main cause of global warming, human health, climate change, and environmental degradation from the extraction up to use. Nowadays, fossil fuel energy is used in production and use of energy in all sectors of the world. Nuclear energy is the most powerful energy source. Renewable energy, such as solar, wind, hydropower, geothermal, tidal, wave, and hydrogen energy, produces zero greenhouse gas emissions compared to fossil fuels, reducing air pollution and combating climate change, improving public health, mitigating smog and acid rain, and long‐term sustainability. The production and use of this renewable energy has been increasing, but it is not sufficient to meet the demand of all sectors in the world. Hydrogen energy is the future of fossil fuels and nuclear energy, free of CO2 emissions, and radioactive waste. The hydrogen economy envisions using hydrogen as a clean, versatile, and sustainable energy carrier to replace fossil fuels and reduce greenhouse gas emissions. We must control the impacts of energy first by knowing the types of energy and their impact, and then totally replace nonrenewable energy with renewable energy in the future by increasing the efficiency of renewable energy. To increase the efficiency of energy production, energy storage (storing high amount of energy in a small space) uses nanomaterials and green nanomaterial technologies. International cooperation and policy alignment will be essential for driving global transition to a sustainable energy future. By leveraging Artificial Intelligence (AI) and machine learning (ML), the energy sector becomes more sustainable, efficient, and resilient, supporting the transition toward a low‐carbon future. Harmonizing energy policies, sharing best practices, and aligning climate commitments can facilitate the development of a coordinated approach to addressing energy challenges on a global scale. By incorporating these considerations into energy planning and decision‐making, stakeholders can work toward building a future energy system that is sustainable, resilient, and capable of meeting the energy needs of a rapidly changing world. In this study, a critical review of the type, form, storage, advantages, efficiency, respective, and their impact are reviewed. The amounts of energy produced by each type in different years are discussed.
Forecasting Shifts in Europe's Renewable and Fossil Fuel Markets Using Deep Learning Methods
Authors: Liu Yonghong , Saleem Muhammad S. , Rashid Javed , Ahmad Sajjad , Faheem Muhammad 
Published: November 2024

ABSTRACTAccurate forecasts of renewable and nonrenewable energy output are essential for meeting global energy needs and resolving environmental issues. Energy sources like the sun and wind are variable, making forecasting difficult. Changes in weather, demand, and energy policy exacerbate this unpredictability. These challenges will be addressed by the bidirectional gated recurrent unit (Bi‐GRU) model, which forecasts power‐generating outcomes more efficiently. The investigation is done over a health data set from 2000 to 2023, including the energy states of the United Kingdom, Finland, Germany, and Switzerland. The comparison of our model (Bi‐GRU) performance with other popular models, including bidirectional long short‐term memory (Bi‐LSTM), ensemble techniques combining convolutional neural networks (CNN) and Bi‐LSTM, and CNNs, make the study more interesting. The performance remains better with a mean absolute percentage error (MAPE) of 2.75%, root mean square error (RMSE) of 0.0414, mean squared error (MSE) of 0.0017, and authentify that Bi‐GRU performs much better than others. This model's superior prediction accuracy significantly enhances our ability to forecast renewable and nonrenewable energy outputs in European states, contributing to more effective energy management strategies.
The Effects of Bedrock Topography and Soil Permeability on Saturated Zone Distribution in a Mountainous Steep‐Slope Area
Authors: Yanai Kotaro , Masaoka Naoya , Kosugi Ken'ichirou , Fujimoto Masamitsu , Yamakawa Yosuke 
Published: November 2024

ABSTRACTSaturation development and distribution at the soil–bedrock interface are important for predicting shallow landslide occurrence. Previous studies have indicated that saturation is generated in bedrock depressions and valleys and that bedrock groundwater seepage generates locally saturated areas. However, the effects of soil permeability, which is known to be heterogeneously distributed, on saturation development and distribution are poorly understood. In this study, we performed unprecedented high‐resolution (approximately 50 cm grid) soil pore water pressure and soil temperature monitoring using 141 tensiometer–thermocouple sets in a plot measuring approximately 5 × 4 m to investigate the effects of topography and bedrock groundwater seepage on saturation development and distribution. We then measured permeability distribution of two soil profiles, including at the soil–bedrock interface, using the Guelph Permeameter method (GP method) for comparison with saturated zone distribution and saturation duration. The results indicated that a perennial saturated area was formed by bedrock groundwater seepage and was distributed downstream from a certain bedrock surface altitude in the lower region of the study plot. After a peak of rainfall, the perennial saturated area expanded upslope owing to the increased seepage. In areas without the influence of bedrock groundwater, saturation was observed to retreat rapidly at high permeability points and persist over long periods at low permeability points; however, the saturation duration was inconsistent with the bedrock surface topography. Therefore, it is suggested that the bedrock altitude controls the saturation distribution generated by bedrock groundwater, whereas the distribution of saturation that is associated with direct rainwater infiltration may be controlled by the permeability distribution during recession periods. Although the plot size was small, the unprecedented high‐resolution observations suggest that the permeability distribution, rather than the bedrock topography, may control the saturated zone distribution following rainfall.
Pirfenidone alleviates smoke inhalation lung injury of rats via the NF‐κB signaling pathway
Authors: Lv Tingting , Yang Kaiyuan , Wang Jinxiang 
Published: November 2024

AbstractObjectiveSmoke inhalation lung injury (SILI) is a common complication in fires and wars, characterized by acute onset and severe condition. Pirfenidone (PFD), a new small‐molecule drug, has been shown to improve lung function and inhibit pulmonary fibrosis and inflammation. This study aimed to elucidate the effect and underlying mechanism of PFD on SILI in rats.Materials and MethodsSILI rats were constructed using a homemade smoking device, which was then treated with PFD. The blood was collected from the abdominal aorta, and the arterial blood gas was detected. The productions of oxidative stress markers and inflammatory cytokines in plasma were measured by enzyme linked immunosorbent assay assay. Moreover, the alveolar surface area, wet:dry weight ratio of the lung tissues, and bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF) were determined as well. The pulmonary histopathology, cell apoptosis, and the related proteins of nuclear factor kappa B (NF‐κB) pathway were determined by hematoxylin‐eosin staining, TdT‐mediated dUTP‐biotin nick end labeling, and western blot assays, respectively.ResultsPFD had a significant protective effect on SILI via inhibiting oxidative stress, inflammation, and apoptosis. Mechanistically, PFD inhibited the activation of NF‐κB pathway in vivo. Moreover, activation of NF‐κB pathway attenuated the PFD‐mediated protective effect against SILI.ConclusionsThese data demonstrate that PFD alleviates SILI of rats via the NF‐κB signaling pathway, which provides an attractive therapeutic option for SILI treatment.
Ultrasound Stimulation Modulates Microglia M1/M2 Polarization and Affects Hippocampal Proteomic Changes in a Mouse Model of Alzheimer's Disease
Authors: Lu Xinliang , Sun Wenxian , Leng Li , Yang Yuting , Gong Shuting , Zou Qi , Niu Haijun , Wei Cuibai 
Published: November 2024

ABSTRACTBackgroundThe effectiveness of ultrasound stimulation in treating Alzheimer's disease (AD) has been reported in previous studies, but the underlying mechanisms remain unclear. This study investigated the effects of ultrasound stimulation on the proportion and function of microglia of different phenotypes, as well as on the levels of inflammatory factors. Additionally, it revealed the alterations in proteomic molecules in the mouse hippocampus following ultrasound stimulation treatment, aiming to uncover potential new molecular mechanisms.MethodsUltrasound stimulation was used to stimulate the hippocampus for 30 min per day for 5 days in the ultrasound stimulation‐treated group. Amyloid plaque deposition was measured using immunofluorescence staining. M1 and M2 type microglia were labeled using immunofluorescent double staining, and the ratio was calculated. The levels of Aβ42, IL‐10, and TNF‐α were determined using ELISA kits. The quantitative proteomics method was employed to explore molecular changes in hippocampal proteins.ResultsUltrasound stimulation treatment reduced the average fluorescence intensity of amyloid plaques and the concentration of Aβ42. Compared to the AD group, ultrasound stimulation resulted in a 14% reduction in the proportion of M1 microglia and a 12% increase in the proportion of M2 microglia. The concentration of the anti‐inflammatory factor IL‐10 was significantly increased in the ultrasound stimulation‐treated group. Proteomics analysis revealed 753 differentially expressed proteins between the ultrasound stimulation‐treated and AD groups, with most being enriched in the oxidative phosphorylation pathway of mitochondria. Additionally, the activity of cytochrome c oxidase, involved in oxidative phosphorylation, was increased after ultrasound stimulation treatment.ConclusionsUltrasound stimulation affects microglial polarization, reduces amyloid plaque load, and enhances levels of anti‐inflammatory factors in APP/PS1 mice. Proteomics analysis reveals molecular changes in hippocampal proteins after ultrasound stimulation treatment. The mechanism behind ultrasound stimulation‐induced modulation of microglial polarization may be related to changes in mitochondrial oxidative phosphorylation.
Uncertainty, Skewness, and the Business Cycle Through the MIDAS Lens
Authors: Castelnuovo Efrem , Mori Lorenzo 
Published: November 2024

ABSTRACTWe employ a mixed‐frequency quantile regression approach to model the time‐varying conditional distribution of the US real GDP growth rate. We show that monthly information on financial conditions improves the predictive power of an otherwise quarterly‐only model. We combine selected quantiles of the estimated conditional distribution to produce novel measures of uncertainty and skewness. Embedding these measures in a VAR framework, we show that unexpected changes in uncertainty are associated with an increase in (left) skewness and a downturn in real activity. Business cycle effects are significantly downplayed if we consider a quarterly‐only quantile regression model. We find the endogenous response of skewness to substantially amplify the recessionary effects of uncertainty shocks. Finally, we construct a monthly frequency version of our uncertainty measure and document the robustness of our findings.
Enhancing Spatial Resolution of Three‐Dimensional Pulse Waves Through Advanced Photometric Stereo Techniques
Authors: Sun Jiuai , Li Kai , Li Zengkai , Zhang Mingji , Wu Zhonghang , Zhang Dida 
Published: November 2024

ABSTRACTThree‐dimensional pulse wave's morphologies are essential biomarkers for assessing cardiovascular functionality. However, existing methods only provide sparse amplitude representations, limiting their diagnostic potential. This study employs a photometric stereo approach to enhance the spatial resolution of pulse waves by capturing video footage of skin surface micro‐vibrations induced by blood volume fluctuations in underlying arteries. This non‐invasive imaging modality enables the reconstruction of three‐dimensional pulse waves and enriches our understanding of their spatial and temporal characteristics. By visualizing and analyzing the captured data, we gained new insights into the physiological origins of the optical signals reflected from the skin surface and their dynamic features, which are critical for evaluating cardiovascular health. This study has potential to advance new biomarkers for cardiovascular function assessment and improve the accuracy of diagnostic tools.