bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Impact of Readmissions in Episodic Care of Adult Spinal Deformity
Authors: Yeramaneni Samrat , Gum Jeffrey L. , Carreon Leah Y. , Klineberg Eric O. , Smith Justin S. , Jain Amit , Hostin Richard A. 
Published: March 2018

Background:
Readmissions following adult spinal deformity surgical procedures frequently occur, placing a substantial burden on patients and providers. Existing literature on readmission costs, including reason-specific readmission costs, is limited. The purposes of this study were to determine the most expensive reasons for readmission, to assess the impact of reasons and timing on readmission costs, and to estimate the drivers of total costs associated with adult spinal deformity surgical procedures.

Methods:
We performed a retrospective review of 695 patients with adult spinal deformity (≥18 years of age) who underwent a corrective spine surgical procedure at a single center from 2005 to 2013. Demographic, surgical, and direct cost data expressed in 2010 dollars for the entire inpatient episode of care were obtained from the hospital administrative database. A multivariable linear regression model with a gamma distribution and log-link function was used to estimate the impact of reasons and timing on readmission costs and to identify the primary drivers of long-term costs.

Results:
The mean age (and standard deviation) of the patients was 50.6 ± 15.8 years, 589 patients (85%) were women, and 637 patients (92%) were Caucasian. The observed readmission rates were 24% overall (costing $10.1 million), 8.8% for 30 days (costing $3.2 million), and 11.7% for 90 days (costing $4.6 million). The most expensive readmissions and their mean readmission cost were pseudarthrosis ($92,755), infection ($75,172), and proximal junctional kyphosis ($66,713), after adjusting for patient and surgical factors. The mean readmission cost after 2 years was $86,081. Older age (p = 0.001), ≥8 levels fused (p = 0.01), and length of index stay at the hospital (p < 0.0001) were independently associated with higher total cost. Surgical procedures in patients with a thoracic-only curve (p = 0.004) or a double curve (p = 0.05) and a surgical approach that was anterior-only (p < 0.0001) or posterior-only (p = 0.01) were independently associated with lower total costs.

Conclusions:
Compared with readmission cost due to medical reasons, readmission due to pseudarthrosis increases mean readmission cost by 105%, readmission due to infection increases mean readmission cost by 72%, and readmission due to proximal junctional kyphosis increases mean readmission cost by 63%. Together, these 3 reasons accounted for 73% of readmission costs. This study identifies potential areas for cost reduction and opportunities for reducing readmission rates.

Clinical Relevance:
Although reducing the 30-day and 90-day readmission rates and costs are important; adult spinal deformity surgery is unique, because the most common and most expensive complications occur after 1 year. We believe that our paper is clinically relevant as it will help to guide clinical focus on the most impactful complications.
Early Clinical and Radiographic Outcomes of Trabecular Metal Total Ankle Replacement Using a Transfibular Approach
Authors: Barg Alexej , Bettin Clayton C. , Burstein Albert H. , Saltzman Charles L. , Gililland Jeremy 
Published: March 2018

Background:
In the last 2 decades, total ankle replacement has gained greater acceptance as a treatment option in patients with end-stage ankle osteoarthritis. However, there is a lack of literature on total ankle replacement using a lateral transfibular approach. Therefore, we sought to report early clinical and radiographic results for a patient cohort treated with total ankle replacement using a lateral transfibular approach, performed by a single surgeon.

Methods:
From October 2012 to December 2014, 55 primary total ankle arthroplasties using the Zimmer Trabecular Metal Total Ankle implant were performed in 54 patients (29 male and 25 female; mean age, 67.0 years). Clinical assessment, including pain evaluation and measurement of ankle range of motion, was conducted preoperatively and at the latest follow-up. Weight-bearing radiographs were used to determine angular alignment of the tibial and talar components and to analyze the bone-implant interface. Intraoperative and postoperative complications, revision surgeries, and survivorship were evaluated.

Results:
Implant survival was 93% at 24 months of follow-up. There were 3 revisions of a tibial component due to aseptic loosening. In 10 of the 55 cases, a secondary procedure was performed during follow-up. The mean follow-up duration was 26.6 ± 4.2 months. No delayed union or nonunion was observed for fibular healing. The average visual analog scale (VAS) pain score decreased significantly, from 7.9 ± 1.3 to 0.8 ± 1.2. The average total range of motion increased significantly, from 22.9° ± 12.7° to 40.2° ± 11.8°.

Conclusions:
Early results of total ankle replacement using the Zimmer trabecular metal implant and the lateral transfibular approach demonstrated improved patient-reported outcomes and increased ankle motion at a minimum follow-up of 2 years. In the 55 consecutive cases, the fibular osteotomy required for access to the ankle healed without complications. Painful early loosening due to lack of osseous ingrowth required revision in 3 of 55 cases.

Level of Evidence:
Therapeutic Level IV. See Instructions for Authors for a complete description of levels of evidence.
Denosumab May Increase the Risk of Local Recurrence in Patients with Giant-Cell Tumor of Bone Treated with Curettage
Authors: Errani Costantino , Tsukamoto Shinji , Leone Giulio , Righi Alberto , Akahane Manabu , Tanaka Yasuhito , Donati Davide Maria 
Published: March 2018

Background:
Recent clinical studies have suggested that denosumab is associated with tumor response and reduced surgical morbidity in patients with giant-cell tumor of bone (GCTB). We therefore evaluated the recurrence-free survival rate of patients who had GCTB in an extremity and were treated with surgery and denosumab, to determine the influence of denosumab and clinical factors on the risk of local recurrence.

Methods:
We retrospectively reviewed the medical records of 408 patients treated for GCTB in an extremity in a single institution from 1990 through 2013. Two hundred and forty-seven patients underwent curettage (intralesional surgery) with a high-speed burr, and 161 underwent resection. Phenol adjuvant was used in 221 of the 247 patients who had curettage. We also reviewed the medical records of 30 patients treated surgically (25 with curettage and 5 with resection) and with denosumab from 2010 through 2013 and compared their clinical results with 378 historical control subjects. The overall minimum duration of follow-up was 24 months.

Results:
The local recurrence rates were 60% (15) of 25 patients treated with curettage and denosumab and 16% (36) of 222 patients treated with curettage alone. The joint preservation rates were 80% (20) of 25 patients treated with curettage and denosumab and 94% (209) of 222 patients treated with curettage alone. Univariate and multivariable analyses showed that denosumab was the only independent factor associated with a poor prognosis when recurrence-free survival and joint preservation were considered. The overall median duration of follow-up was 85.6 months (interquartile range, 54.3 to 125.1 months). Viable tumor was present in all 30 specimens from patients treated with denosumab.

Conclusions:
There was a higher rate of recurrence in the cohort exposed to denosumab. Because there were substantial differences in the cohorts and randomization was not applied, however, causation could not be evaluated.

Level of Evidence:
Therapeutic Level III. See Instructions for Authors for a complete description of levels of evidence.
Comparison of Bone Tunnel and Cortical Surface Tendon-to-Bone Healing in a Rabbit Model of Biceps Tenodesis
Authors: Tan Hongbo , Wang Dean , Lebaschi Amir H. , Hutchinson Ian D. , Ying Liang , Deng Xiang-Hua , Rodeo Scott A. , Warren Russell F. 
Published: March 2018

Background:
Many orthopaedic surgical procedures involve reattachment of a single tendon to bone. Whether tendon-to-bone healing is better facilitated by tendon fixation within a bone tunnel or on a cortical surface is unknown. The purpose of this study was to evaluate tendon-healing within a bone tunnel compared with that on the cortical surface in a rabbit model of biceps tenodesis.

Methods:
Thirty-two rabbits (24 weeks of age) underwent unilateral proximal biceps tenodesis with tendon fixation within a bone tunnel (BT group) or on the cortical surface (SA [surface attachment] group). Postoperatively, rabbits were allowed free-cage activity without immobilization. All rabbits were killed 8 weeks after surgery. Healing was assessed by biomechanical testing, microcomputed tomography (micro-CT), and histomorphometric analysis.

Results:
Biomechanical testing demonstrated no significant difference between the groups in mean failure loads (BT: 56.8 ± 28.8 N, SA: 55.8 ± 14.9 N; p = 0.92) or stiffness (BT: 26.3 ± 16.6 N/mm, SA: 32.3 ± 9.6 N/mm; p = 0.34). Micro-CT analysis demonstrated no significant difference between the groups in mean volume of newly formed bone (BT: 69.3 ± 13.9 mm3, SA: 65.5 ± 21.9 mm3; p = 0.70) or tissue mineral density of newly formed bone (BT: 721.4 ± 10.9 mg/cm3, SA: 698.6 ± 26.2 mg/cm3; p = 0.07). On average, newly formed bone within the tunnel represented only 5% of the total new bone formed in the BT specimens. Histological analysis demonstrated tendon-bone interdigitation and early fibrocartilaginous zone formation on the outer cortical surface in both groups. In contrast, minimal tendon-bone bonding was observed within the tunnel in the BT specimens.

Conclusions:
Tendon fixation in a bone tunnel and on the cortical surface resulted in similar healing profiles. For tendons placed within a bone tunnel, intratunnel healing was minimal compared with the healing outside the tunnel on the cortical surface.

Clinical Relevance:
The creation of large bone tunnels, which can lead to stress risers and increase the risk of fracture, may not be necessary for biceps tenodesis procedures.
Application of double filtration with activated carbon for the removal of phenols in drinking water treatment processes
Authors: Fuentes-López Lina , Amézquita-Marroquín Claudia , Barba-Ho Luz Edith , Cruz-Vélez Camilo Hernán , Torres-Lozada Patricia 
Published: March 2018

Abstract
The primary source of the discharge of phenols into the environment is industrial activity, such as the production of pharmaceuticals, plastics, and pesticides, being the majority discharged into surface water sources, reaching concentrations around 0.001 to 0.400 mg/L. These compounds are considered a priority contaminant due to their toxicity to aquatic life and effects on human health. The presence of phenols even at low concentrations generates flavour and odour in drinking water. Due to the molecular stability and solubility of phenols in water, their removal by conventional water treatment methods is inefficient. However, adsorption with granular activated carbon (GAC), after conventional filtration with sand and anthracite, is an efficient technique for the reduction of organic compounds such as phenols. This paper studied the effect of applying double filtration to the reduction of phenols present in the filtered water of a conventional drinking water treatment plant, using two types of GAC (vegetable and mineral) and three GAC:Sand configurations (100:00; 00:100; 50:50). The configurations with GAC showed an efficient reduction of turbidity, organic matter indicator variables (UV254 absorbance and total organic carbon) and phenols, the mineral GAC being the most efficient GAC.
Temporal and spatial variations of the Arctic sea ice (1997–2016)
Authors: Wang Xingdong , Wu Zhankai 
Published: March 2018

Abstract
Based on the SSM/I data from 1997 to 2016, the temporal and spatial variations of Arctic sea ice are studied from sea ice areas, sea ice margin zone and sea ice concentration. The results show that the sea ice areas for 20 years (1997–2016) are reduced at a speed of 0.0594 × 106 km2 per year, and the sea ice margin zone is reduced at a speed of 0.03 × 106 km2. From 1997 to 2006, the sea ice areas and margin zone show the same downward trend, which decreased by 0.062 × 106 km2 and 0.064 × 106 km2 per year, respectively. From 2007 to 2016, the sea ice areas and margin zone show an obvious fluctuation, which decreased by 0.027 × 106 km2 and 0.019 × 106 km2 per year, respectively. In the first ten years, the sea ice concentration (90–100%) is about 40%, and it is only about 20% in the second ten years, and the decrease is particularly obvious.
The antibiotic resistance of heterotrophic bacteria in tap waters in London
Authors: Destiani R. , Templeton M. R. 
Published: March 2018

Abstract
This study assessed the occurrence and prevalence of antibiotic-resistant bacteria (ARBs) and antibiotic resistance genes (ARGs) in tap water sampled across London, United Kingdom. Sampling was conducted seasonally from nine locations spread geographically across the city. ARBs and ARGs (tet(A), dfrA7, and sul1) were detected in all sampling locations in all sampling rounds. Resistance to trimethoprim was the highest among the tested antibiotics and the sul1 gene was the most abundant resistance gene detected. Several opportunistic pathogens were identified amongst the ARBs in the water samples, including Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Stenotrophomonas maltophilia.
ANALISIS TEKNO-EKONOMI PELUANG PEMBANGUNAN INDUSTRI PENGOLAHAN SPECIALTY NATURAL RUBBER JENIS KARET ALAM TERHIDROGENASI
Authors: Puspitasari Santi , Falaah Asron Ferdian , Cifriadi Adi 
Published: March 2018

Konsep Green Polymer telah menjadi perhatian bagi para pelaku industri polimer yang dibuktikan dengan dikembangkannya berbagai tipe specialty natural rubber. Salah satunya adalah karet alam terhidrogenasi (HNR). HNR memiliki keunggulan ketahanan terhadap proses oksidasi termal sehingga diharapkan dapat mensubstitusi karet sintetik berbasis petroleum tipe EPDM, CR, dan IRR. Pusat Penelitian Karet berhasil memperoleh teknologi pengolahan HNR pada skala semi pilot. Artikel ini mengulas peluang pendirian pabrik pengolahan HNR ditinjau dari aspek tekno-ekonomi. Metode untuk memperoleh data primer dilakukan dengan cara survei dan wawancara, sedangkan data sekunder diperoleh dengan teknik multplikasi dokumen dan pencatatan dari lembaga terkait. Data diolah secara deskriptif kualitatif dan kuantitatif. Hasil analisis diketahui bahwa potensi pasar dalam negeri industri HNR cukup terbuka mencapai 18 ribu ton per tahun. Industri HNR direncanakan akan didirikan di Kawasan Industri Kendal, Kendal, Jawa Tengah dengan kapasitas produksi sebesar 3600 ton per tahun (20% dari potensi pasar). Penentapan kapasitas produksi turut didukung oleh kemampuan pasok bahan baku lateks pekat sebesar 4500 ton per tahun. Teknologi proses yang diterapkan untuk memproduksi HNR skala industri akan mengadopsi proses pengolahan karet konvensional jenis Crepe. Hasil analisis kelayakan finansial menunjukkan bahwa industri HNR layak untuk didirikan. Industri ini memberikan nilai NPV sebesar IDR 25,3 M, IRR sebesar 18,63, B/C ratio sebesar 1,16, dan PBP selama 5,63. Sementara berdasarkan hasil analisis sensitivitas diketahui bahwa industri ini sangat sensitif terhadap kenaikan nilai tukar USD terhadap IDR dan penurunan harga jual karet alam terhidrogenasi.
O Devir Artista: a obra além da própria obra. Entrevista com Túlio Pinto.
Authors: Caldas Felipe Bernardes , Pinto Túlio 
Published: March 2018

A preocupação entre como a arte e os artistas dialogam com os sistemas
produtivos não é recente, data ao menos desde o século XIX. Muitos argumentos surgiram deste interesse, assim como atribuições funcionais ao papel da arte e do artista. Como os artistas dialogam, partilham ou tensionam o atual sistema produtivo capitalista, que estaria centrado na informação, na imaterialidade, na fusão entre trabalho e vida? A entrevista com Túlio Pinto fornece uma plataforma reflexiva para pensarmos o que significa trabalhar com arte em diálogo entre o local e o global, os sistemas, os mercados e os circuitos em que a arte contemporânea e seus agentes estão inseridos e percorrem.
COMPARATIVE ANALYSIS OF FARMING VARIETY OF PEANUT NOLION 1 AND NOLION 2 IN THE DISTRICT OF SOUTH TOTIKUM BANGGAI KEPULAUAN
Authors: Bonenehu Radia N. , Antara Made , Rauf Rustam Abd 
Published: March 2018

This study aims to: (1) Knowing large farm income peanut varieties Nolion 1 and Nolion 2 in District Totikum South Banggai Islands, and (2) Determine the ratio of production and farm income peanut varieties Nolion 1 and Nolion 2 in District Totikum South Banggai Islands, research type used in this research is descriptive analysis with comparative research method is ex post facto. Sampling is done by simple random sampling method (simple random sampling) take 15% of the population with sampling technique Proportional Stratified Random Sampling. Analysis of data using revenue analysis and comparative analysis / comparison of the average production and average farm income of farmers responder peanut varieties Nolion Nolion 1 and 2. The results show the average farmer's income respondents peanut farmers varieties Nolion 1 in one process location production research Rp 10,073,697- /ha and Rp.10,637,612,-/ha for varieties Nolion 2. The results of comparative analysis (Compare Independent samplest-test) is obtained, there are differences in average production and income of farmers varieties with varieties Nolion 1 and Nolion 2, on the level of α 5%. Conclusion of the study that there is a difference in the average production and average farm income farm Nolion 1 peanut varieties and varieties of peanut farming Nolion 2
THE EFFECT OF VARIOUS RATES OF COW MANURE APPLICATION ON GROWTH AND YIELD OF MUSTARD (BRASSICA JUNCEA L.)
Authors: Arzad Nur Humairoh , Tambing Yohanis , Bahrudin Bahrudin 
Published: March 2018

The research was conducted in the village of Sidera, Subdistrict of Sigi Biromaru, District of Sigi, in May to June 2016. The research aims to find out the effect of various rates of cow manure on growth and yield of mustard.this research was arranged in a randomized block design (RBD) which consist of 5 rates ofcow manure are: 10 t ha-1, 15 t ha-1, 20 t ha-1, 25 tha-1 and 30 t ha-1 , each treatment was repeated three times to obtain 15 units experiment. The results of this research showed that the application of cow manure significantly affected on growth and yield of mustard plants (plant height, number of leaves, fresh weight and dry weight of plant) and best rate of manure to mustard (Brassica juncea L.) can be achieved at the dose of 25 t ha-1.
Interim Reporting Frequency and the Mispricing of Accruals
Authors: Tsao Shou-Min , Lu Hsueh-Tien , Keung Edmund C. 
Published: March 2018

SYNOPSIS
This study examines the association between mandatory financial reporting frequency and the accrual anomaly. Based on regulatory changes in reporting frequency requirements in Taiwan, we divide our sample period into three reporting regimes: a semiannual reporting regime from 1982 to 1985, a quarterly reporting regime from 1986 to 1987, and a monthly reporting regime (both quarterly financial reports and monthly revenue disclosure) from 1988 to 1993. We find that although both switches (from the semiannual reporting regime to the quarterly reporting regime and from the quarterly reporting regime to the monthly reporting regime) hasten the dissemination of the information contained in annual accruals into stock prices and reduce annual accrual mispricing, the switch to monthly reporting has a lesser effect. Our results are robust to controlling for risk factors, transaction costs, and potential changes in accrual, cash flow persistence, and sample composition over time. These results imply that more frequent reporting is one possible mechanism to reduce accrual mispricing.
JEL Classifications: G14; L51; M41; M48.
Data Availability: Data are available from sources identified in the paper.
Making Government Data Valuable for Constituents: The Case for the Advanced Data Analytics Capabilities of the ENHANCE Framework
Authors: Kozlowski Stephen , Issa Hussein , Appelbaum Deniz 
Published: March 2018

ABSTRACT
Constituent demands for improved transparency in governmental reporting have increased since the 2008 financial crisis in the U.S. that impacted the financial well-being of many individuals and entities, including state and local municipalities. Since then, several governmental entities have provided an open data environment. However, these early initiatives do not incorporate robust analytic capabilities that are able to satisfy numerous and varied constituent inquiries. This research proposes development of the ENHanced ANalytic Constituent Environment (ENHANCE) framework in response to the analytic nature of the inquiries from various governmental stakeholders such as citizens, analysts, bond investors, creditors, vendors, auditors, and oversight officials. The ENHANCE framework bridges the gap between constituents' current analytic capabilities and their demands for increased transparency. This research contributes to the literature by highlighting the capabilities of the proposed ENHANCE tool and the underlying series of analytic “apps” that can provide meaningful information to a governmental entity's stakeholders.
Dimensional changes in the palate associated with slow maxillary expansion for early treatment of posterior crossbite
Authors: Bukhari Abdulkadir , Kennedy David , Hannam Alan , Aleksejūnienė Jolanta , Yen Edwin 
Published: March 2018

ABSTRACT

Objectives:
To compare palatal symmetry, dimensions, and molar angulations following early mixed-dentition slow maxillary expansion with parameters in normal controls.

Materials and Methods:
A total of 30 patients treated with a Haas-type expander for unilateral posterior crossbite with functional shift were compared with 30 controls matched for dental age, gender, and molar relationship. Records were taken before (T1) and after expansion (T2). Palatal width, surface area, volume, and molar angulations were measured on digitized models. Surface area and volume were split in half then divided into anterior, middle, and posterior segments to measure symmetry. Student's t-test was used to assess group differences.

Results:
Mean intercanine width increased 4.65 mm, and intermolar width increased 4.76 mm. The treated mean surface area increased 127.05 mm2 compared with 10.35 mm2 in controls. The treated palatal volume increased 927.55 mm3 compared with 159.89 mm3 for controls. At T1, the controls showed significant differences in surface area and volume between the anterior palatal segments. At T2, this difference occurred in surface area of middle palatal segments of the treated sample. First permanent molars showed an increased buccal and distal inclination after treatment, opposite to controls. The increase in buccal inclination was greater on the crossbite side.

Conclusions:
The Haas-type expander results in similar expansion across the canines and first molars. A palate that is symmetrical before expansion may become asymmetric after expansion but only in the middle segment. Changes in individual molar angulation following palatal expansion can be measured without radiation imaging.