bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Chemical composition of essential oil in Mosla chinensis Maxim cv. Jiangxiangru and its inhibitory effect on Staphylococcus aureus biofilm formation
Authors: Peng Liang , Xiong Yunhao , Wang Mei , Han Manman , Cai Weilan , Li Zhimin 
Published: March 2018

AbstractThe essential oil of Mosla chinensis Maxim cv. Jiangxiangru is known for its antibacterial ability. This study aimed to investigate the chemical composition of Jiangxiangru essential oil and its inhibitory effect on Staphylococcus aureus biofilm formation. Gas chromatography/mass spectrometry (GC–MS) was used to determine the chemical composition of Jiangxiangru essential oil. Subsequently, the eight major chemical components were quantitatively analyzed using GC– MS, and their minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) values against S. aureus were tested. Biofilm formation was detected by crystal violet semi-quantitative method and silver staining. Of the 59 peaks detected, 29 were identified by GC–MS. Of these peaks, thymol, carvacrol, p-cymene, γ-terpinene, thymol acetate, α-caryophyllene, 3-carene, and carvacryl acetate were present at a relatively higher concentration. The results of the quantitative test showed that thymol, carvacrol, p-cymene, and γ-terpinene were the major components of the essential oil. Among the eight reference substances, only thymol, carvacrol, and thymol acetate had lower MICs compared with the essential oil. Essential oil, carvacrol, carvacryl acetate, α-caryophyllene, and 3-carene showed the better inhibition of S. aureus biofilm formation. When one fourth of the MIC concentrations were used for these substances (0.0625 mg/mL for essential oil, 0.0305 mg/mL for carvacrol, 1.458 mg/mL for carvacryl acetate, 0.1268 mg/mL for α-caryophyllene, and 2.5975 mg/mL for 3-carene), the inhibition rates were over 80%. However, thymol, γ-terpinene, thymol acetate, and p-cymene showed a relatively poor inhibition of S. aureus biofilm formation. When 1× MIC concentrations of these substances were used, the inhibition rates were less than 50%. In conclusion, Jiangxiangru essential oil and its major components, carvacrol, carvacryl acetate, α-caryophyllene, and 3-carene, strongly inhibited biofilm formation in S. aureus.
Bessarione a lezione di astronomia da Cortasmeno
Authors: Bardi Alberto 
Published: March 2018

Abstract
Nel Marc. gr. Z. 333 (coll. 644), testimone del testo astronomico intitolato Παράδοσις εἰς τοὺς περσικοὺς κανόνας τῆς ἀστρονομίας (di seguito Paradosis), copiato da Bessarione, sono presenti delle aggiunte, dovute all’intervento di Bessarione stesso, che si ritrovano nella tradizione manoscritta dell’opera soltanto nei discendenti del Marc. gr. Z. 333. Tali aggiunte sono tratte da un testo astronomico di Isacco Argiro e da una versione della Paradosis riveduta da Teodoro Meliteniote. L’analisi filologica e paleografica dimostra che in entrambi i casi le aggiunte sono ricavate da un codice di Giovanni Cortasmeno. Ciò dimostra che il Bessarione ebbe Cortasmeno come maestro non solo nella filosofia aristotelica (come già era noto), ma anche nell’astronomia, e che dunque il suo interesse per questa scienza si sviluppò già nella fase poco nota della sua formazione giovanile a Costantinopoli, e non solo, come si riteneva sino ad oggi, sotto la guida di Giorgio Gemisto Pletone a Mistrà dopo il 1431.
Topology of Complex Networks and Demand of Intraday Liquidity: Based on the Real-Time Gross Settlement System
Authors: Tong Mu , He Yi 
Published: March 2018

Abstract
Based on the payments and settlement system, the influence of the topology of capital flow networks on the extra short-term liquidity demand is investigated. Through modelling the circulating mechanism of liquidity in a network, its different influencing factors are analysed. The factors relating to the strength of nodes and leakage of liquidity that influences the liquidity demands of real-time settlements are studied from the perspective of both the system and members, using different simulation methods. The results show that strength will lead the member’s liquidity demand to increase but the strength distribution will lead the system’s liquidity demand to decrease, in cases with no leakage effect or unchanged leakage effect. The liquidity demand of the entire system is positive compared to the amount of leakage effect but uncorrelated to the distribution of the leakage effect among members, if the effect of strength distribution is unchanged. If the effects of strength, strength distribution and leakage are changed together, the latter is the dominant factor that influences the liquidity demand of both system and members. The above findings are useful for the management and supervision of short-term liquidity demand in complex financial systems, and for liquidity risk management and liquidity rescue policymaking.
Improved contrast microscopy: modification of bright field for urine sediment visualisation
Authors: Chandrashekar Vani 
Published: March 2018

Abstract

Background:
Phase contrast microscopy is the recommended technique for urine sediment examination. Bright field microscopy does not differentiate objects with slight changes in the refractive index and hence phase contrast is a superior alternative.

Methods:
In this article, we describe a novel method to improve contrast in bright field microscopy. A strategically placed disc of specific dimensions enhances the diffraction of rays by Fresnel principle causing a shift in wavelength in the rays which are perceived as differences in contrast by the eye due to constructive and destructive interference.

Results:
Epithelial cells, red blood cells (RBCs), dysmorphic red blood cells, casts, bacteria and crystals are easily seen and differentiated by this technique.

Conclusions:
The images obtained are similar to those obtained by phase contrast microscopy.
¿Los juntamos? A study of L1 use in interactional strategies in CLIL vs. NON-CLIL primary school learners
Authors: Martínez-Adrián María 
Published: March 2018

Abstract
Research on the use of the first language (L1) in interactional strategies by young Content and Language Integrated Learning (CLIL) is still in its infancy. Here we compare CLIL and NON-CLIL primary school children in terms of L1 use in interactional strategies. The oral production of 44 age- and proficiency-matched dyads (21 CLIL, 22 NON-CLIL) is analyzed in terms of use of the L1 in appeals, clarification requests and metacomments. The results indicate that NON-CLIL learners produce more instances of L1 use in interactional strategies and that greater differences emerge as grade increases. This is consistent with previous research in CLIL contexts as well as investigations that have compared CLIL and NON-CLIL contexts. A qualitative inspection of the results has also revealed that there are differences between groups in their preference for either the L1 or the target language (TL) in the case of appeals and clarification requests. However, metacomments are always produced in the L1 in both groups, which appears to support previous classroom observation data.
The single-incision laparoscopic surgery technique has questionable advantages in colorectal surgery
Authors: Schneider Bernd , Brockhaus Anne Catharina , Gelos Marcos , Rudroff Claudia 
Published: March 2018

AbstractBackground:Laparoscopic procedures have increasingly been accepted as standard in surgical treatment of benign and malignant entities, resulting in a continuous evolution of operative techniques. Since one of the aims in laparoscopic colorectal surgery is to reduce access trauma, one possible way is to further reduce the surgical site by the single-incision laparoscopic surgery technique (SLS). One of the main criticisms concerning the use of SLS is its questionable benefit combined with its technical demands for the surgeon. These questions were addressed by comparing SLS versus conventional laparoscopic multitrocar surgery (LMS) in benign and malignant conditions with respect to technical operative parameters and early postoperative outcome of the patients.Methods:Between 2010 and 2013, we performed SLS for colorectal disease. Of the 111 patients who underwent colorectal resection, 47 patients were operated by SLS and 31 using the LMS technique. The collected data for our patients were compared according to operating time, postoperative morbidity and mortality, pain score numeric rating scale on day 1 and day 5 postoperatively and postoperative hospital stay. To complement the pain scores, the required pain medication for adequate pain relief on these days was given.Results:There was no significant difference in age, BMI or sex ratio between the two groups. The intraoperative and early postoperative course was comparable as well. Postoperative hospital stay was the only parameter with a significant difference, showing an advantage for SLS.Conclusion:SLS is a feasible surgical method and a technical option in laparoscopic colorectal surgery. However, we were not able to identify substantial advantages of SLS that would favor this technique.
The syntax-prosody interface: current theoretical approaches and outstanding questions
Authors: Elfner Emily 
Published: March 2018

AbstractThe syntax-prosody interface concerns the relationship between syntactic and prosodic constituent structure. This paper provides an overview of theoretical advances in research on the syntax-prosody interface. Current theoretical work is situated historically, and is framed in light of the central research questions in the field, including (a) to what extent prosodic structure can be used as a diagnostic for syntactic constituent structure, (b) the significance of recursion in prosodic theory, and (c) how mismatches between syntactic and prosodic constituent structure are modeled in different approaches to the syntax-prosody interface. The paper concludes with a discussion of the current state of the field and directions for future research.
Intrasemiotic translation in the emulations of ancient art: On the example of the collections of the University of Tartu Art Museum
Authors: Anderson Jaanika , Lotman Maria-Kristiina 
Published: March 2018

AbstractIn his 1959 paper “On linguistic aspects of translation,” Roman Jakobson distinguished between interlingual, intralingual, and intersemiotic translation. As Gideon Toury (1986, Translation: A cultural-semiotic perspective. In Thomas A. Sebeok (ed.),Encyclopedic dictionary of semiotics, vol. 2, 1111–1124. Berlin: Mouton de Gruyter) pointed out, such an approach centers on verbal systems and comprises only the translations that one or another way include some linguistic system, while it discards all the cases of translation from one non-linguistic sign system to another. Consequently, it seems reasonable to add intrasemiotic translation to these types of translation to encompass these cases. The paper follows from an assumption that translation studies could offer a productive perspective to describe the history and development of copy art, as well as to define and typologize the phenomenon itself. The copies in the collections of the University of Tartu Art Museum are analyzed as intrasemiotic translations, distinguishing between a number of different subtypes, while the basis for this distinction is the way and how the copy has changed in comparison with its prototype.
Einige überlegungen zu der zweiten gruppe navigantes in augustins dialog de beata vita
Authors: Iglika Milusheva 
Published: March 2018

At the beginning of the series of Augustine’s earliest extant literary works are the three philosophical dialogues Contra Academicos, De beata vita and De ordine, which were composed in the autumn of 386 during Augustine’s otium philosophandi in Cassiciacum. In the introductions of all three works, the marine metaphors are widely used. The author compares human life with a stormy sea and sees as the only salvation the port of philosophy. In beata v. 1. 2 Augutin compares the people to whom philosophy can accommodate with navigantes, which he groups in tria genera. Although the people who belong to the respective group are described in detail, the author does not mention names. This arouses research interest and justifies the attempt to propose a representing person for each group.
The present work sets itself the goal by parallel reading of beata v. 1. 2, with some passages from Cicero’s Epistulae, Tusculanae disputationes and De officiis to make a new proposal. And this in addition to the currently existing assumption that Romanianus, to whom the dialogue Contra Academicos is dedicated, should be considered as a representative of the second group of seafarers. However, the author of the present work now ventures a completely new approach, in which Cicero can be accepted as a representative of this group.
Festett oklevelek és kódexek a késő középkori Magyarországon a művészettörténész dilemmái
Authors: Mikó Árpád 
Published: March 2018

In 1523 the papal legate Tommaso de Vio corroborated the statutes of the Pest Confraternity of the Virgin. The large booklet-shape diploma is representatively executed: the first page carries floral ornamentation in addition to the text. The decoration and the titulus starting the textual part, however, are archaizing, in line with the practice of the papal chancellary, instead of adopting the then widely popular modern all’antica decoration. The style of the embellishment of a diploma depended on the type of the diploma.
Hungarian art historiography has long been resorting to letters patent of nobility in its efforts to date and define the place of origin of the manuscripts from the time of King Matthias and the Jagiello age. That was how the manuscripts of provost of Székesfehérvár Domokos Kálmáncsehi – including the activity of the master of the Breviary Francesco Castello (OSZK, Cod. Lat. 446) – could be located to Buda, and three ornamental manuscripts with music (OSZK, A24; Bratislava, Archív mesta, EC Lad. 6; Zagreb, MR 2) could be proven to have ties to Buda in the early 16th century. The Bakócz Gradual (Esztergom, MS I. 1a.), the Erdődy Missal (Zagreb, RK 354) and the Gradual of Máté Tolnai (Pannonhalma, Caps LIV. F f.) as well as the overwhelming majority of letters patent issued in Buda between 1514 and 1525 were illumined by the so-called Bakócz monogrammist. The letters granting nobility and armorial bearings in the Jagiello age are not merely props for art history but also constitute a separate diplomatic genre.
Magyarország templomépítészete 1945–1964 között
Authors: Vukoszávlyev Zorán , Urbán Erzsébet 
Published: March 2018

Második világháború utáni építészetünk építészettörténeti értékelése mind ez idáig kevéssé foglalkozott a templomépítészet kérdéskörével. Ennek teljes emlékanyagot átfogó értékelése még nem történt meg, alapvetően vázlatát sem adta meg még kritikai építészettörténet-írásunk. Nem meglepő mindez, hiszen összegző megállapításként kezelt axióma: az 1948-at követő politikai fordulat után 40 évig nem lehetett templomot építeni, a kivételesnek tekinthető esetek pedig legfőképp politikai propaganda céllal jöttek létre. Ezt a vélekedést már a rendszerváltás környékén megindult társadalomtudományi és egyháztörténeti kutatások megkérdőjelezték, de az utóbbi negyedszázad építészettörténeti kutatásai még csak részleteiben írták felül. Stíluskritikai értékelésen alapuló átfogó kutatás a témában még nem történt.
Hazai építészetünk második világháborút követő változásait alapvetően a modern építészet folytonossága mentén szokásos vizsgálni — ez a módszer követhető a két világháború között kibontakozó progresszív modern templomépítészet hatásaként is a vizsgált időszakban. Az alkotói megközelítés értékelésére hangsúlyt helyező kutatásunk a stíluskritikai értékelésekkel kibővülve jóval összetettebb és árnyaltabb képet nyújt: nemcsak a modern továbbélését, hanem a tradicionális stílusirányzatok mentén megjelenő, szintézist biztosító folyamatokat is elhelyezi az építészettörténet értékrendszerében. A második világháborút követő gyors politikai és társadalmi változások által létrejött, alapvetően egyházellenes közeggel jellemezhető mintegy 40 évből jelen tanulmány keretei között a legdinamikusabbnak jellemezhető első két évtizedet vizsgáljuk. Az 1945–1964 közötti időszak hazai templomépítészetének értékelése egy tendenciáiban jól körülhatárolható korszakot fog mutatni számunkra. Ennek természetesnek tűnő belső fordulópontja az 1956-os forradalmat követő politikai-társadalmi változás, de az egyházak ügye és a vallásosság kérdésköre csak egy évtizeddel később kerül nyugvópontra. A stíluskritikailag meghatározható határvonal hazai templomépítészetünkben is fordulatot hoz — építészalkotói megközelítésű elemzéssel bizonyítjuk e korszakhatár felállításának létjogosultságát, melyet építészeti tipológiai vázlatunk is alátámaszt a teljes emlékanyagot átfogó tanulmányunkban.
1956 városképi emlékezete Budapesten. A Corvin köz és az Üllői út újjáépítése
Authors: Tamáska Máté 
Published: March 2018

A tanulmány az 1956-os harcok nyomán keletkezett városképi változásokat elemzi. Rámutat a harcok jellege és az újjáépítés közötti összefüggésekre. Összevetve a második világháború utáni helyzettel 1956 eseményei inkább pontszerű beavatkozásokat tettek szükségessé. Mindemellett a tanulmány felhívja a figyelmet arra, hogy a gyors helyreállítást nemcsak a romos városkép eltüntetésének igénye sarkallta, de a többezres (kb. 10 000) számokban mérhető lakásfoglalási hullám is, amely jellegénél fogva destabilizálta a rendszert.
Noha szerte a városban folytak az újjáépítési munkák, a Corvin köznek és az Üllői útnak – mint a forradalom leghíresebb helyszínének – az újjáépítése önálló elemzést igényel. Ennek oka, hogy 1957–1959 között az úgynevezett „kilenc ház” felépítésével új városépítészeti együttes jött lére. A nagykörúti kereszteződés az akkori forgalmi elveknek megfelelő térszerű kiképzést és két új, a modern építészet visszatérését tükröző saroképületet kapott (tervező Csics Miklós). Az új városképben a modern építészet markáns jelenléte mellett a meglévő műemléki épületek is hangsúlyos szerepet kaptak. Így nem csupán az Iparművészeti Múzeum nyert kedvezőbb rálátást, de a forradalomban komoly szerepet játszó Kilián laktanyát sem „büntették”, hanem eredeti formájában állították helyre. A Corvin köz és környékének megújítása egy átfogó városszépítési akció (árkádosítás, portálépítések, sortatarozás) keretébe illeszkedett. A Perényi Imre által koordinált munkálatok nem titkolt célja volt a Kádár-rendszer formálódó identitásának városképi megjelenítése. Az 1956 előtti helyzettel ellentétben, mikor is a túlzott, propaganda célú gesztusok jellemezték a várostervezést (pl. Sztálin-szobor), az új Budapest a hétköznapi rend és normalitás iránti igényekre és a fogyasztás élénkítésére (portálok, presszók) koncentrált.
Épületkutatás és építészettörténet – Néhány újkori és 19. Századi épülettípus kutatásának módszertana és eredményei
Authors: Krähling János 
Published: March 2018

A címben megidézett kapcsolat a történeti épületkutatás és az építészettörténet között már sok kutatót foglalkoztatott.2 Téziseimben az újkori és 19. századi épülettípusokra vonatkozó vizsgálódásaim során alkalmazott kutatási alapelveket és módszereket kívánom a hazai és nemzetközi szakirodalom összefüggéseinek áttekintésével és kritikájával összegezni, értelmezni, bemutatva és pontokba rendezve a módszertan alkalmazásával elért eredményeimet.
Kiválasztott tíz publikációm alapján megfogalmazott öt tézis az építészeti kutatás különböző léptékeit és értelmezési lehetőségeit mutatja be öt különböző kérdésfelvetés példájával. Mind az öt példában fontos szerepet kap az épületkutatás módszertana a maga sajátos interdiszciplináris megközelítésében, a történeti írott és képi források elemzésével és az azzal szorosan összefüggő épületfelméréssel: az objektumcentrikus, részletkérdésekben elmélyült, egy épületre koncentráló „Bauforschung” szemléletű,3 alakhű felmérésen alapuló kutatástól a regionális-területi szintű építészeti jelenségeket átfogni képes, kisebb léptékű tipológiai és topográfiai kutatáson át az építészet társadalmi vonatkozásait érintő kulturális identitáskérdések megválaszolásáig.
Serum calcium and phosphorus levels: a marker of disease activity in senile cataract patients
Authors: Deokar Smita A. , Rai Pooja S. K. , Rai Anita B. , Sudarshan . , Sundharan Shimi , Bakshi Amruta A. 
Published: March 2018

Background: The present study was aimed to study alterations in serum levels of calcium and phosphorus levels in senile cataract patients.Methods: 25 senile cataract patients in age group of 50 to 80 years and 25 control group were included in the study. Serum Calcium and Phosphorus levels were determined by Orthocresolphthalein, Fiske SubbaRow method respectivelyResults: Significantly increased levels of serum calcium in cataract patients (11.58±1.65 mg/dl) were found as compared to controls (8.53±1.45mg/dl) (p<0.0001). Serum phosphorus concentration in cataract patients (5.28±0.46 mg/dl) were significantly increased when compared to controls (3.02±1.23mg/dl) (p<0.0001).Conclusions: Presence of G-protein receptors in lens leads to the release of intracellular calcium. As total calcium in the lens increases, we hypothesize that higher intercellular calcium concentrations, coupled with decreased Ca2+-ATPase activity and greater membrane permeability could lead to elevated free intracellular calcium levels causing cataract. So, abnormal elevation of serum calcium and phosphorus can be used as a marker for prevention of age-related human cataract.
Sudden cardiac arrest during spinal anaesthesia in a case of vaginal hysterectomy: a case report
Authors: Sharma Manoj Kumar 
Published: March 2018

Spinal anesthesia is an important and commonly practiced anesthetic technique by the anaesthesiologists worldwide. Though being considered a safe technique, it is not devoid of fatal complications and cardiopulmonary arrest (cardiac arrest) being the most serious among all. Cardiac arrest during spinal anaesthesia is a multi-factorial outcome, but vagal response to decreased preload often plays a key role. Common practice of preloading with IV fluid is suggested to not to be omitted before initiating spinal anaesthesia. If the situation warrants emergent, stepwise escalated resuscitative measures for treatment of bradycardia need to be instituted. A close supervision of the patients clinical parameter during spinal anaesthesia is a mandatory requirement to avert any untoward complication in such patients. In case of severe bradycardia or cardiac arrest, full resuscitative measures need to be promptly instituted.
Effects of Chemical Fruit Thinning on Oil Yield and Quality in ‘Gemlik’ Olive (Olea europaea L.)
Authors: İsfendiyaroğlu Murat , Çigdem Zekeriya , Özeker Elmas 
Published: March 2018

‘Gemlik’
olive variety started to be grown in many areas of Turkey in recent years. ‘Gemlik’ is mainly a black
table variety, but it is processed to oil in many areas. So chemical fruit thinning may be useful to
control alternate bearing and standardization of the fruit and consequently the
oil quality. In this work, predicting the effects of chemical fruit thinning by
potassium salt of naphtaleneacetic acid (NAA-K) on oil yield and quality in ‘Gemlik’,
which is one of the prominent olive variety of Turkey was aimed. Results showed
that NAA applications decreased the oil acidity levels in the first year (off
year). In the second year (on year), NAA sprayings at 100 and 120 ppm increased
the oil acidity up to 1.75 % while 150 ppm decreased the acidity value to 0.36
%. 180 ppm NAA significantly augmented the oil content of olive fruits
particularly in “on year” and gave rise to 22 and 48 % increments in oil rates successively
on fresh and dry matter basis compared to control.