bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Perinatal Care Provider Perspectives on Integrating Clinical Research Into the Clinical Infrastructure
Authors: Li Yanqiao , Liese Kylea L. , Pezley Lacey , Sawatpanich Arissara , Elam Gloria , Erbe Katherine , Tussing‐Humphreys Lisa , Koenig Mary Dawn 
Published: November 2024

IntroductionThis study explored perinatal health care providers’ perspectives on the recruitment of pregnant participants and integrating clinical research into their practice, with a particular emphasis on the complexities introduced by the COVID‐19 pandemic.MethodsFrom May to September 2021, semistructured interviews were conducted with 10 perinatal health care providers from an urban US health center. The interview transcripts were analyzed using Braun and Clarke's thematic analysis framework, a rigorous method for analyzing qualitative data by identifying, coding, and reporting themes. This approach allowed us to systematically code the data and identify key themes related to recruitment strategies and integration of clinical trials during prenatal care.ResultsBarriers to integrating clinical trials into the perinatal infrastructure included pandemic‐related restrictions, heavy workloads, time constraints, ineffective communication and coordination, and maintaining the relevance of the research among providers. Facilitators included the use of communication tools, collaboration with multidisciplinary teams and stakeholders, creation of detailed study information for clinic staff, and fostering commitment to supporting research among providers.DiscussionThe perspectives of perinatal health care providers uncover barriers and facilitators regarding the recruitment of pregnant individuals for clinical trials and shed light on the unprecedented challenges of research in this population during the COVID‐19 pandemic and lessons learned postpandemic. This information can support the development of evidence‐based solutions and strategies to improve the recruitment of pregnant individuals, as well as enhance clinical research integration into infrastructure in perinatal health clinics.
Habitual Dietary Patterns of Maintenance Haemodialysis Patients and the Relationship Between Malnutrition Risk—A Multicentre Cross‐Sectional Diet Survey
Authors: Wu Xiaxin , Li Jiyue , Fan Yaru , Wang Ying , Cheng Dan , Su Chunyan , Shi Yuexian 
Published: November 2024

ABSTRACTAimsTo identify habitual dietary patterns in maintenance haemodialysis patients and analyse their association with malnutrition.Design and MethodsA multicentre cross‐sectional dietary survey was conducted among 232 maintenance haemodialysis patients from three centres. A 3‐day 24‐h diet recall and demographic, clinical and therapeutic information were collected. Factor analysis was used to identify the major dietary patterns among haemodialysis patients. Logistic regression analysis was used to assess the relationship between dietary patterns and malnutrition risk.ResultsThree dietary patterns were identified in this study and differed in age, gender and diabetes. An ‘animal foods and refined grains’ dietary pattern meets guideline requirements. A ‘fresh fruits and nuts’ dietary pattern had insufficient daily energy and protein intake with the lowest carbohydrates, lipids and minerals intake among haemodialysis patients. A ‘dairy products’ dietary pattern characterised by low calorie and moderate protein was found to be associated with malnutrition.ConclusionsHabitual dietary patterns of maintenance haemodialysis patients were associated with personal characteristics, specifically age, gender and diabetes. Patients with habitual ‘dairy products’ dietary patterns may have poor nutritional status.Practical ApplicationsEducating haemodialysis patients about their daily diet pattern, rather than focusing on nutrients, is crucial and will help them to understand it better. Clinical staff can recognise patients at risk of malnutrition by a dietary pattern of lower intake of certain foods. They can recommend a balanced nutritional pattern that increases calories in the total diet and meets protein requirements.
The Experience of Reflexive Hospice Care for Patients With Advanced Cancer: A Qualitative Study
Authors: Zhang Xi , Zeng Tieying , Chen Ye 
Published: November 2024

ABSTRACTBackgroundHospice care for patients with advanced cancer mainly takes the family members and healthcare professionals as the main body and the patients as the object. There is a lack of relevant research on reflexive hospice care that considers patients as subjects.AimTo explore the experience of reflexive hospice care for patients with advanced cancer.DesignAn empirical phenomenological approach to research was conducted.MethodsData were collected using face‐to‐face semi‐structured interviews between April 3, 2024 and May 27, 2024 in the oncology wards of two comprehensive hospitals. Purposive sampling was used to recruit 18 patients with advanced cancer receiving hospice care. Colaizzi's phenomenological analysis method was used to analyse the data. We followed the consolidated criteria for reporting qualitative research (COREQ).ResultsFour themes were identified as being relevant to the experience of reflexive hospice care for patients with advanced cancer: the absence of prior awareness, reconciling with self and others, care and concern for others, and pursuing the meaning of life.ConclusionThis study provides new insights into hospice care for patients with advanced cancer. It emphasises the importance of patients' participation as subjects in hospice care. In reflexive hospice care, patients can actively participate and express their care for others and their understanding of life, thus gaining more respect and care in the end‐of‐life stage. Therefore, placing patients as the subjects of hospice care and fully respecting and listening to their wishes and needs is one of the most important ways to promote the development of hospice care quality.Patient or Public ContributionNo patient or public contribution.
An Empirical Analysis of Invalid Voting in Municipal Elections
Authors: Castro Vítor , Martins Rodrigo , Sakurai Sergio Naruhiko 
Published: November 2024

ABSTRACTThis paper examines blank and null voting in Brazilian mayoral elections using a large dataset covering 5570 municipalities between 2000 and 2020. The study finds that more competitive elections reduce blank and null percentages, with re‐election scenarios leading to more valid votes. Blank and particularly null voting are found to be more prevalent in municipalities where a second round is possible. Economic factors and age categories also contribute to determine unconventional voting patterns. The results also highlight important differences between blank and null voting patterns and between urban and rural areas, the later suggesting that more sophisticated voters tend to be less prone to invalidate the vote.
Petrogenesis of lunar granulitic breccia meteorites Northwest Africa 15062 and 15063
Authors: Xia Zhipeng , Yang Baochen , Si Bowen , Chen Guozhu , Wang Xi , Chen Hongyi , Zhang Chuantong , Miao Bingkui 
Published: November 2024

AbstractWe present petrology and mineralogy for two lunar granulitic breccia meteorites that were detected in Northwest Africa (NWA), the samples NWA 15062 and NWA 15063. The fragments primarily consist of plagioclase and olivine mineral clasts, with minor amounts of anorthosite clasts and one troctolite clast. The anorthosite clasts are dominated by plagioclase/maskelynite, with minor olivine and pyroxene. A troctolite clast, composed of olivine and maskelynite, occurs in NWA 15063. The olivine clasts display mosaic extinction and usually have a homogeneous Mg‐rich composition. However, all olivine mineral clasts exhibit two distinct ranges of their major element composition (Mg#: 85–88 and 77–78, respectively). Large individual plagioclase clasts show heterogeneous compositions (Ab content: 2.5–4.8) and have different Raman peak positions in different domains. The matrix of the meteorites appears semitransparent and is composed of olivine and pyroxene aggregates associated with maskelynite, constituting a granoblastic texture. Pyroxenes of the matrix are dominantly enstatites, associated with a few augites. Both meteorite samples exhibit shock‐induced melt veins ranging from 50 to 200 μm width. These melt veins traverse the entire samples and contain rare, very fine‐grained (2–3 μm) Mg‐rich olivine clasts (Mg# = 90–93) and mafic silicate glass. Some Cr‐spinel grains exhibit slight compositional zonation, characterized by a magnesium‐rich core (Mg# = 56, Cr# = 23) and Cr‐rich rims (Mg# = 50, Cr# = 28), with decomposition at the edges. The significantly differing Mg# contents of the mafic silicate minerals in the matrix, lithic clasts, and mineral clasts of the two meteorites indicate a diverse origin of the clasts. Based on their petrology, mineral chemistry, and bulk composition, NWA 15062 and NWA 15063 are classified as anorthositic troctolitic granulitic polymict breccia. Textural evidence suggests that the parent rocks of NWA 15062 and NWA 15063 were affected by high pressure of up to 30 GPa during impact‐induced shock metamorphism, causing crystal structure deformation in olivine and the transformation of plagioclase to maskelynite. During cooling from peak temperatures of 1600–1700°C, the coarse‐grained maskelynite mineral clasts were partially devitrified, and the granoblastic texture of the matrix was developed. Mg‐rich anorthosite was formed before this shock event. Cr‐spinel was formed in a troctolitic melt, which was probably differentiated after the crystallization of anorthite and magnesium‐rich olivine. However, the possibility of the formation of the Mg‐rich melt through interaction with the lunar anorthositic crust cannot be ruled out. The meteorite NWA 15062/15063 strongly resembles the textural, chemical, and mineralogical characteristics of the NWA 5744 meteorite group. Therefore, we interpret the two samples as a new member of the NWA 5744 meteorite group.
‘Re‐Wilding’ an Animal Model With Microbiota Shifts Immunity and Stress Gene Expression During Infection
Authors: Will Ian , Stevens Emily J. , Belcher Thomas , King Kayla C. 
Published: November 2024

ABSTRACTThe frequency of emerging disease is growing with ongoing human activity facilitating new host–pathogen interactions. Novel infection outcomes can also be shaped by the host microbiota. Caenorhabditis elegans nematodes experimentally colonised by a wild microbiota community and infected by the widespread animal pathogen, Staphylococcus aureus, have been shown to suffer higher mortality than those infected by the pathogen alone. Understanding the host responses to such microbiota–pathogen ecological interactions is key to pinpointing the mechanism underlying severe infection outcomes. We conducted transcriptomic analyses of C. elegans colonised by its native microbiota, S. aureus and both in combination. Correlations between altered collagen gene expression and heightened mortality in co‐colonised hosts suggest the microbiota modified host resistance to infection. Furthermore, microbiota colonised hosts showed increased expression of immunity genes and variable expression of stress response genes during infection. Changes in host immunity and stress response could encompass both causes and effects of severe infection outcomes. ‘Re‐wilding’ this model nematode host with its native microbiota indicated that typically commensal microbes can mediate molecular changes in the host that are costly when challenged by a novel emerging pathogen.
In vivo detection of spectral reflectance changes associated with regulated heat dissipation mechanisms complements fluorescence quantum efficiency in early stress diagnosis
Authors: Pescador‐Dionisio Sara , Cendrero‐Mateo Maria Pilar , Moncholí‐Estornell Adrián , Robles‐Fort Aida , Arzac Miren I. , Renau‐Morata Begoña , Fernández‐Marín Beatriz , García‐Plazaola José Ignacio , Molina Rosa V. , Rausell Carolina , Moreno José , Nebauer Sergio G. , García‐Robles Inmaculada , Van Wittenberghe Shari 
Published: November 2024

Summary
Early stress detection of crops requires a thorough understanding of the signals showing the very first symptoms of the alterations in the photosynthetic light reactions. Detection of the activation of the regulated heat dissipation mechanism is crucial to complement passively induced fluorescence to resolve ambuiguities in energy partitioning.
Using leaf spectroscopy, we evaluated the capability of pigment spectral unmixing to calculate the fluorescence quantum efficiency (FQE) and simultaneously retrieve fast absorption changes in a drought and nitrogen deficiency experiment with tomato. In addition, active fluorescence measurements and pigment analyses of xanthophylls, carotenes and chlorophylls were conducted.
We observed notable responses in noninvasive proximal sensing‐retrieved FQE values under stress, but as expected, these alone were not enough to identify the constraints in photosynthetic efficiency. Reflectance‐based detection of the 535‐nm peak absorption change was able to complement FQE and indicate the activation of regulated heat dissipation for both stress treatments under growing light conditions. However, further complexity in the light harvesting energy regulation needs to be accounted for when considering additional light stress.
Our results underscore the potential of complementary in vivo quantitative spectroscopy‐based products in the early and nondestructive stress diagnosis of plants, marking the path for further applications.
Immunomodulatory metabolites in IgE‐mediated food allergy and oral immunotherapy outcomes based on metabolomic profiling
Authors: Virkud Yamini V. , Styles Jennifer N. , Kelly Rachel S. , Patil Sarita U. , Ruiter Bert , Smith Neal P. , Clish Clary , Wheelock Craig E. , Celedón Juan C. , Litonjua Augusto A. , Bunyavanich Supinda , Weiss Scott T. , Baker Erin S. , Lasky‐Su Jessica A. , Shreffler Wayne G. 
Published: November 2024

AbstractBackgroundThe immunometabolic mechanisms underlying variable responses to oral immunotherapy (OIT) in patients with IgE‐mediated food allergy are unknown.ObjectiveTo identify novel pathways associated with tolerance in food allergy, we used metabolomic profiling to find pathways important for food allergy in multiethnic cohorts and responses to OIT.MethodsUntargeted plasma metabolomics data were generated from the VDAART healthy infant cohort (N = 384), a Costa Rican cohort of children with asthma (N = 1040), and a peanut OIT trial (N = 20) evaluating sustained unresponsiveness (SU, protection that lasts after therapy) versus transient desensitization (TD, protection that ends immediately afterward). Generalized linear regression modeling and pathway enrichment analysis identified metabolites associated with food allergy and OIT outcomes.ResultsCompared with unaffected children, those with food allergy were more likely to have metabolomic profiles with altered histidines and increased bile acids. Eicosanoids (e.g., arachidonic acid derivatives) (q = 2.4 × 10−20) and linoleic acid derivatives (q = 3.8 × 10−5) pathways decreased over time on OIT. Comparing SU versus TD revealed differing concentrations of bile acids (q = 4.1 × 10−8), eicosanoids (q = 7.9 × 10−7), and histidine pathways (q = .015). In particular, the bile acid lithocholate (4.97 [1.93, 16.14], p = .0027), the eicosanoid leukotriene B4 (3.21 [1.38, 8.38], p = .01), and the histidine metabolite urocanic acid (22.13 [3.98, 194.67], p = .0015) were higher in SU.ConclusionsWe observed distinct profiles of bile acids, histidines, and eicosanoids that vary among patients with food allergy, over time on OIT and between SU and TD. Participants with SU had higher levels of metabolites such as lithocholate and urocanic acid, which have immunomodulatory roles in key T‐cell subsets, suggesting potential mechanisms of tolerance in immunotherapy.image
Is honesty valued today?: New evidence from Thailand
Authors: Tangtammaruk Peera , Chavanovanich Jennifer , Siwareepan Nattapon , Witvorapong Nopphol 
Published: November 2024

AbstractObjectivesAs a fundamental ethical principle, honesty plays a pivotal role in trust‐building, social cohesion, and effective governance. This study examined how honesty was valued in Thailand, an upper middle‐income Asian economy steeped in Buddhist values. It also explored the relationship between honesty and socioeconomic characteristics.MethodsUsing primary data from 1230 Bangkok residents aged 18–75, collected through stratified multi‐stage sampling, an instrument to measure honesty was developed and validated. Honesty was operationalized with three components: truthfulness, respect for ownership, and accountability. Ordinary Least Squares (OLS) and Tobit regression analyses were performed.ResultsHonesty was valued highly in Thai society. The average scores for accountability and respect for ownership were notably higher than for truthfulness. Socioeconomic characteristics, including gender, age, birth cohort, place of birth, religiosity, and self‐rated economic status, were statistically associated with overall honesty and influenced the three components of honesty differently. The effects of age and birth cohorts were distinct. Younger birth cohorts were associated with a higher level of honesty. However, within each cohort, honesty increased with age.ConclusionsThis study proposes recommendations aimed at promoting honesty in Thai society and provides ideas for future studies.
Intracellular ATP concentration is a key regulator of bacterial cell fate
Authors: Li Bo , Chen Xiao , Yang Jin-Yu , Gao Song , Bai Fan 
Published: November 2024

ABSTRACT

ATP, most widely known as the primary energy source for numerous cellular processes, also exhibits the characteristics of a biological hydrotrope. The viable but nonculturable (VBNC) and persister states are two prevalent dormant phenotypes employed by bacteria to survive challenging environments, both of which are associated with low metabolic activity. Here, we investigate the intracellular ATP concentration of individual VBNC and persister cells using a sensitive ATP biosensor QUEEN-7μ and reveal that both types of cells possess a lower intracellular ATP concentration than culturable and sensitive cells, although there is a certain overlap in the intracellular ATP concentrations between antibiotic-sensitive cells and persisters. Moreover, we successfully separated VBNC cells from culturable cells using fluorescence-activated cell sorting based on the intracellular ATP concentration threshold of 12.5 µM. Using an enriched VBNC cell population, we confirm that the precipitation of proteins involved in key biological processes promotes VBNC cell formation. Notably, using green light-illuminated proteorhodopsin (PR), we demonstrate that VBNC cells can be effectively resuscitated by elevating their intracellular ATP concentration. These findings highlight the crucial role of intracellular ATP concentration in the regulation of bacterial cell fate and provide new insights into the formation of VBNC and persister cells.

IMPORTANCE

The viable but nonculturable (VBNC) and persister states are two dormant phenotypes employed by bacteria to counter stressful conditions and play a crucial role in chronic and recurrent bacterial infections. However, the lack of precise detection methods poses significant threats to public health. Our study reveals lower intracellular ATP concentrations in these states and establishes an ATP threshold for distinguishing VBNC from culturable cells. Remarkably, we revive VBNC cells by elevating their intracellular ATP levels. This echoes recent eukaryotic studies where modulating metabolism impacts outcomes like osteoarthritis treatment and lifespan extension in
Caenorhabditis elegans
. Our findings underscore the crucial role of intracellular ATP levels in governing bacterial fate, emphasizing ATP manipulation as a potential strategy to steer bacterial behavior.
Dimming the corona: studying SARS-coronavirus-2 at reduced biocontainment level using replicons and virus-like particles
Authors: Neilsen Grace , Mathew Asha Maria , Castro Jose M. , McFadden William M. , Wen Xin , Ong Yee T. , Tedbury Philip R. , Lan Shuiyun , Sarafianos Stefan G. 
Published: November 2024

ABSTRACT

The coronavirus-induced disease 19 (COVID-19) pandemic, caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2) infections, has had a devastating impact on millions of lives globally, with severe mortality rates and catastrophic social implications. Developing tools for effective vaccine strategies and platforms is essential for controlling and preventing the recurrence of such pandemics. Moreover, molecular virology tools that facilitate the study of viral pathogens, impact of viral mutations, and interactions with various host proteins are essential. Viral replicon- and virus-like particle (VLP)-based systems are excellent examples of such tools. This review outlines the importance, advantages, and disadvantages of both the replicon- and VLP-based systems that have been developed for SARS-CoV-2 and have helped the scientific community in dimming the intensity of the COVID-19 pandemic.
Genomic surveillance of SARS-CoV-2 in Nepal
Authors: Khadka Binod , Napit Rajindra , Mihindukulasuriya Kathie A. , Shrestha Smita , Rauniyar Ramanuj , Tuladhar Eans T. , Droit Lindsay , Paredes Anne M. , Jha Runa , Raut Roji , Jha Bimalesh K. , Handley Scott A. , Elong-Ngono Annie , Shresta Sujan , Wang David , Manandhar Krishna D. 
Published: November 2024

ABSTRACT

During the COVID-19 pandemic, Nepal, like other countries, faced emerging SARS-CoV-2 variants. To evaluate the circulating variants, 278 samples collected between September 2021 and March 2022 were sequenced in the country. From these, 229 high-quality genomes were obtained (82.97% Omicron and 17.03% Delta) highlighting the genomic diversity of SARS-CoV-2 in Nepal.