bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Prevalence and clinical characteristics of otitis externa among patients attending Otorhinolaryngology Department at Muhimbili National Hospital, Tanzania
Authors: Abraham Zephania Saitabau , Tarimo Onesmo , Kahinga Aveline Aloyce , Ntunaguzi Daudi , Mapondella Kassim Babu , Massawe Enica Richard 
Published: June 2019

<p class="abstract"><strong>Background:</strong> Otitis externa is among the otological diseases with significant impact on the quality of life of sufferers. Little is known in Sub Saharan countries despite being the focus of such disease. The study aimed to determine the prevalence and clinical characteristics of otitis externa at Muhimbili National Hospital, Tanzania’s largest tertiary hospital.</p><p class="abstract"><strong>Methods:</strong> This was a hospital based descriptive cross sectional study where 1200 participants were recruited from June 2016 to January 2017. Data was analyzed using SPSS program version 20. </p><p class="abstract"><strong>Results:</strong> A total of 1200 patients were recruited in this study and majority 601(50.1%) were females. Majority 672(56%) were in age group 0–10 years. Among 1200 patients, 138 (11.5%) were diagnosed to have otitis externa and male predominance (55.1%) was found. Majority 120 (87%) had diffuse otitis externa and with 0-10 years (25.83%) being the commonly affected age group by variant. The commonest risk factor was self-ear cleansing 87(53.7%) and only 2.9% were found to have complications of otitis externa.</p><p class="abstract"><strong>Conclusions:</strong> Otitis externa was found to be prevalent and with male predominance. Self-ear cleansing was the commonest risk factor. Complications of otitis externa were found to be rare. Public awareness on otitis externa should be advocated in our country.</p>
Powered endoscopic endonasal dacrocystorhinostomy using inferiorly based mucosal flap: our experience
Authors: B. Ramya , M. H. Suprabha , M. D. Prakash 
Published: June 2019

<p class="abstract"><strong>Background:</strong> The most critical element for successful management of lacrimal system pathology distal to common canaliculus that requires endoscopic endonasal dacrocystorhinostomy (EEDCR) is the creation of widest possible marsupialisation of the medial wall of the lacrimal sac. With minor modifications and simplication of the original technique of EEDCR, common surgical failures like obstruction of neo-ostium by granulation tissue or infolding of flap can be avoided. To determine the success of EEDCR using inferiorly based mucosal flap, removal of overlying bone using Kerrison’s punch followed by vertical incision of the medial wall of lacrimal sac with microdebrider assisted trimming of the lacrimal sac flaps.</p><p class="abstract"><strong>Methods:</strong> A total of 31 patients with epiphora secondary to nasolacrimal duct obstruction (NLDO) were operated using the above technique with 3 bilateral cases amounting to a total of 34 procedures. The surgical outcome and long term patency of neo-ostium were evaluated. </p><p class="abstract"><strong>Results:</strong> Of the 34 procedures, 32 procedures (94.1%) had complete resolution of epiphora at the end of one year follow up. The 2 failures were due to canaliculitis.</p><p class="abstract"><strong>Conclusions:</strong> Powered EEDCR with trimming of medial wall of lacrimal sac and inferiorly based mucosal flap preservation to cover the exposed part of bone is a simple procedure with favourable long term outcome.</p>
Study of benign neck swellings of anterior neck triangle at a tertiary care centre
Authors: Khokle Pradipkumar Digambar , Kandakure Vinod Tukaram , Kolekar Ujjwala Madhukar 
Published: June 2019

<p class="abstract"><strong>Background:</strong> Tumors of the neck are interesting to surgeons especially because of the complex neck anatomy and difficult differential diagnosis. The aim is to study different types of neck swellings i.e. thyroid swelling, salivary gland swelling, other neck swellings such as thyroglossal cyst, branchial cyst, lymphangioma and also the miscellaneous and rare lumps in the neck. The study also discusses their age and sex-wise distribution, clinical features, presentation, diagnostic modalities and treatment.</p><p class="abstract"><strong>Methods:</strong> This is a prospective study, conducted at our institute Government Medical College, Latur from June 2017 to May 2018 for a duration of one year. </p><p class="abstract"><strong>Results:</strong> A total of 57 patients were studied during this period. Out of the 57 patients, 47 of them were midline swellings (82.45%) and 10 among them were lateral neck swellings (17.55%). People over a wide range of age group between 5-60 years were affected. Midline neck swelling were more common than lateral neck swellings.</p><p class="abstract"><strong>Conclusions:</strong> Among the midline benign neck swellings, thyroid swelling was found to be the commonest followed by thyroglossal cyst. Thyroid swellings occur more commonly in the females than males. Ultrasound guided FNAC is the most common, effective and safe investigation that aids in the diagnosis. Treatment of choice for benign, non-inflammatory and non-malignant neck swelling is mostly surgical excision rather than medical management.</p>
A study on correlation of size and site of tympanic membrane perforation with degree of conductive hearing loss in chronic otitis media
Authors: John Nikhil Mathew , Shamanna Karthik , Rodrigues Allen Joe 
Published: June 2019

<p class="abstract"><strong>Background:</strong> The objective of the study was to evaluate the size and site of tympanic membrane perforation, to assess hearing loss in patients with dry tympanic membrane perforation and to correlate the relationship between degree of conductive hearing loss with the size and site of tympanic membrane perforation.</p><p class="abstract"><strong>Methods:</strong> Study (n=150) done to correlate the site and size of tympanic membrane perforations and conductive hearing loss in cases of inactive tubotympanic COM from October 2013 to December 2015. Size of the tympanic membrane perforation was assessed under microscope using a measuring template. Patients were divided into four groups according to size; based on the site: anterior group, posterior group, combined group and divided in to three groups based on the duration of the disease. </p><p class="abstract"><strong>Results:</strong> Anterior perforations were most common 74 (49.3%). Hearing loss increased as the size of the perforation increased IV&gt;III&gt;II&gt;I [(46.97±6.59)&gt;(38.69±2.63)&gt;(35.13±2.98)&gt;(27.67±1.85) p&lt;0.0001)]. Statistical significance for hearing loss at combined site (41.37±5.9) was higher compared to Posterior (35.21±4.6, p=0.0001) and Anterior (31.7±5.7, p=0.0001). There was statistically significant difference in hearing loss between all three groups (p=0.0001). Degree of hearing loss increased as the duration of the disease increased.</p><p class="abstract"><strong>Conclusions:</strong> Hearing loss is directly proportional to the size of perforation; more for the posterior quadrant perforations when compared to the anterior quadrant perforations of same size; also, hearing loss increases as the duration of the disease process increases.</p>
Association of nasal blockage and prevalence of anatomical variants on CT scan of nose and paranasal sinuses
Authors: Venugopalan Shruti , Khavadu Paresh J. , Chavada Payal S. , Lavana Yash D. , Mehta Manish R. , Mistry Sejal N. 
Published: June 2019

<p class="abstract"><strong>Background:</strong> Nasal blockage is the most common nasal symptom with which patients present in ENT OPD. Sometimes, it is associated with headache and facial pain. The symptoms are secondary to mucosal contact points in the nasal cavity without any observable nasal mass, nasal discharge or turbinate hypertrophy, hence, known as rhinogenic headache or facial pain syndrome.</p><p class="abstract"><strong>Methods:</strong> This is a prospective study done in the department of otorhinolaryngology, at P.D.U. Medical College and Hospital, Rajkot, for a period of twenty months from May 2017 to December 2018. A total number of 100 CT scans of patients aged above 5 years of both genders who presented with complaints of nasal blockage at department of otorhinolaryngology, P.D.U. Hospital, Rajkot. </p><p class="abstract"><strong>Results:</strong> Out of 100 patients above 5 years with symptoms of nasal blockage and CT scan showing anatomical variants, 78 patients had deviated nasal septum as the most common anatomical variant presenting with nasal blockage. Males (62%) were more commonly affected with different anatomical variants; 25-45 year old age group (48%) was the most common affected age group. The other anatomical variants: concha bullosa (13%), paradoxically curved middle turbinate (4%), Onodi cell (2%), Haller cell (2%) and unilateral choanal atresia (1%).</p><p class="abstract"><strong>Conclusions:</strong> Nasal blockage is more common in 25-45 year old males and deviated nasal septum is the most common anatomical variant.</p>
A comparative study of microdebrider assisted versus conventional endoscopic sinus surgery for nasal polyposis
Authors: Datta Ranganath Kumar , Bandadka Ramya , Shelly Lakshmi Priya 
Published: June 2019

<p class="abstract"><strong>Background:</strong> Nasal polyps are benign, chronic, inflammatory lesions arising from the mucosa of the nasal sinuses or from the mucosa of the nasal cavity. They are a challenge to treat due to their uncertain etiology and tendency to recur. Therapy involves both medical and surgical treatment. Surgical management includes Endoscopic sinus surgery using conventional instruments or by microdebrider.</p><p class="abstract"><strong>Methods:</strong> We conducted a study on 80 patients with nasal polyposis in whom conservative management failed. They were equally randomised into powered and conventional instruments Endoscopic Sinus Surgery (ESS) groups. The groups were compared for surgical outcomes, intra and postoperative complications and recurrence rates. </p><p class="abstract"><strong>Results:</strong> Age of patients suffering from bilateral nasal polyposis ranged from 18 to 55 years with maximum number of patients in the group 31 to 40 years. Nasal polyps were more commonly seen in men (53.75%) than women (46.25%). Most common symptom experienced was nasal obstruction (100%), followed by olfactory disturbance in 88.7% and nasal discharge in 76.25%. There was statistically significant difference in operative time, blood loss and postoperative synechiae, with the microdebrider group showing better outcomes. There was no statistically significant difference in the postoperative VAS (visual analogue score) and recurrence rates between the two groups.</p><p class="abstract"><strong>Conclusions:</strong> Powered endoscopic sinus surgery offers a better therapeutic approach for patients with nasal polyposis than with conventional instruments. It provides bloodless operative field with better visualisation for a more precise, less traumatic procedure with shorter operative time.</p>
Effect of septoplasty on quality of voice
Authors: Gupta Anchal , Gupta Palak , Jamwal Padam Singh 
Published: June 2019

<p class="abstract"><strong>Background:</strong> Septoplasty is one the most commonly performed surgery in ENT. The aim of this study was to evaluate change in voice after septoplasty using voice handicap index (VHI).</p><p class="abstract"><strong>Methods:</strong> The current study was conducted at Department of ENT, SMGS Hospital, Government Medical College, Jammu, from October 2017 to November 2018. The study population was the patients who had come to the department with deviated nasal septum admitted for septoplasty. Voice assessment was done by Subjective Voice evaluation using VHI. It was done at three times i.e. preoperatively, postoperatively at 1 week and then postoperatively at 1 month. </p><p class="abstract"><strong>Results:</strong> Out of 50 cases operated, 84% patients of present study were in the age group of 18-30 years. The mean age was 25 years. The eldest patient in our study was 55 years old. 40 patients were males and 10 were females with male: female ratio of 4:1. Mean VHI score at preoperative, postoperative 1 week and postoperative 1 month were 23.2, 22 and 21.5 respectively. No statistical difference was obtained while comparing the mean VHI score at different time intervals. The scores between 0-30 are in the mild category i.e. minimal amount of handicap.</p><p><strong>Conclusions:</strong> According to our experience a widened nasal cavity has no effect on voice quality and procedures about nasal obstruction like septoplasty can be performed safely. However, professional voice users, in particular, should be informed about the possible minor postoperative changes, before the septoplasty procedure. </p>
Detailed Structural and Morphological Characterization of InGaN Thin Films Grown by RF Magnetron Sputtering with Various Substrate Temperature
Authors: MANTARCI Asim 
Published: June 2019

Indium Gallium Nitride thin film was successfully grown on the substrate using an RF magnetron sputter under
condition of different substrate temperatures. Various experimental
measurements were taken to understand effect of substrate temperature on the
structure of thin film and results were analyzed. Grazing mode of XRD results
confirmed that thin film has a hexagonal structure with plane for and substrate
temperature. It was seen that structural parameters of thin film show a change
with substrate temperature change. Reasons were discussed. Strain and stress
values in thin film were calculated from experimental
results and it was found that all thin film has compressive stress.
Morphological parameters of thin film were measured by AFM and it was
understood that these properties are varied by changing substrate temperature.
Also, growth mode of some thin film was found to be layer-plus-island mode
(Stranski-Krastanov growth mode), others was found to be layer by layer growth
mode (Frank van der Merwe mode). SEM analysis gives that increasing substrate
temperature worsened the surface structure of thin film; it is compatible with and supports
XRD results. Compositional values in thin film were found from XPS analysis. In
addition to our material, carbon and oxygen have also been obtained from XPS results,
as expected. Detailed structural and morphological properties of thin
film have been seen to change by changing substrate temperature and we believe
this may play an important role in the production of based optoelectronic devices.
Peningkatan Kualitas Produk Roti Manis pada PT Indoroti Prima Cemerlang Jember Berdasarkan Metode Statistical Process Control (SPC) dan Failure Mode and Effect Analysis (FMEA)
Authors: Ratri Elisa Mardya , G Eka Bambang , Singgih Marmono 
Published: June 2019

This study aims to control the quality of sweet bread products at PT Indoroti Prima Cemerlang Jember by analyzing the total amount of bread produced and the amount of bread that is damaged over a period of time using Statistical Process Control (SPC) and Failure Modes and Effect Analysis ( FMEA).. Selection of sweet bread that will be studied is based on the proven data of bread production on Januari 2017 which show that the most damaged product were found in sweet bread variant, so it needs to get more attention from the company in priority improvement. Based on the p chart, the damage of sweet breads is within control limits. It is indicated by the whole point that are within UCL dan LCL. The UCL line is 0,0930, LCL line is 0,0238, and p (midline) is 0,0085. The types of damage which happened to the sweet breads are dents, filthy, leak, defated, and truncated. The damaged can be caused by three factors such as man, machine, and method. Based on FMEA (Failure Mode and Effect Analysis) Method, it shows that the priority improvement for production and packing process are different. Improvement in production process prioritized on man factor, while improvement in packing process prioritized on machine factor.
Keywords: Failure Mode and Effect Analysis (FMEA), Quality Control, Statistical Process Control (SPC)
Evolução Temporal da Mortalidade por Cancro do Colo do Útero em Portugal
Authors: Teixeira Cristina , Pereira Ana Maria , Anes Eugénia , Rodrigues Carina , Castanheira Maria José 
Published: June 2019

Introdução: A mortalidade por cancro do colo do útero em Portugal apresenta valores mais elevados em relação a outros países europeus. O objetivo deste estudo é avaliar a variação da mortalidade por cancro do colo do útero, observada em Portugal nas últimas seis décadas.Material e Métodos: Obtivemos taxas de mortalidade por cancro do colo do útero (padronizadas para a idade) reportadas em Portugal (1955–2014), através da International Agency for Research on Cancer. Utilizando análise de regressão linear joinpoint, obtivemos a percentagem de variação anual da taxa (%VA) e respetivo intervalo de confiança a 95% (IC 95%) de acordo com a idade (30–39; 40–49, 50–64; 65–74 e ≥ 75 anos)Resultados: No grupo com 30–39 anos, a mortalidade por CCU diminuiu 1,9% ao ano, durante todo o período (IC 95%: –2,3; –1,4), atingindo 0,5/100 000 em 2014. Nas mulheres com 40–49 anos houve decréscimo acentuado entre 1971 e 1981 (%VA = –11,6; IC 95%: –14,6; –8,6), com subsequente aumento de 2,4% ao ano (IC 95%: 1,0; 3,8) até 2001, mas que reverteu a partir desse ano (%VA = –5,2; IC 95%: –7,7; –2,6), atingindo 3,0/100 000 em 2014. A mortalidade por cancro do colo do útero diminuiu de 29,2 para 6,7/100 000, de 34,3 para 7,7/100 000, e de 24,7 a 9,2/100 000, respetivamente, nas mulheres com 50–64, 65–74 e com 75 ou mais anos. Nestes três grupos o decréscimo ocorreu principalmente nas décadas de 70 e 80, não havendo variação significativa da taxa nas últimas três décadas.Discussão: O maior decréscimo da mortalidade por cancro do colo do útero observada em Portugal ocorreu na década de 70 em paralelo com profundas alterações no Sistema Nacional de Saúde caracterizadas pelo aumento do acesso ao diagnóstico precoce e da qualidade do tratamento. Nas últimas três décadas, a mortalidade por cancro do colo do útero estabilizou em idades mais avançadas, o que pode ser explicado parcialmente por fatores com impacto na adesão aos programas de rastreio.Conclusão: Houve marcado declínio da mortalidade por cancro do colo do útero em todos os grupos etários, embora com estagnação deste indicador desde meados da década de 80 para grupos etários mais avançados. Os resultados sugerem a necessidade de incrementar a adesão a programas de rastreio em Portugal.
A Rare Case of Radiculopathy: Monostotic Fibrous Dysplasia of the Sacrum
Authors: Teixeira Joaquim Cruz , Simão Diogo Cardoso , Pimentel José , Livraghi Sérgio 
Published: June 2019

Fibrous dysplasia is a bone disease characterized by an osteoblastic dysfunction resulting in a fibrous replacement of the normal medullary bone. We describe the case of a 33-year-old who presented with low back pain irradiating to her right leg. Both the computed tomography scan and magnetic resonance imaging showed an osteolytic, multicystic lesion of the right hemi-sacrum with invasion of the right S1 foramen. She underwent foraminotomy and curettage of the lesion. Histological diagnosis was fibrous dysplasia, without features of malignant transformation. Three years after surgery the patient is asymptomatic and imaging is stable. This is the fifth known case of monostotic fibrous dysplasia involving the sacrum, a rare entity that must be considered in the differential diagnosis when approaching patients with sacral lesions.
Editorial
Authors: Santos Gildenir Carolino , Santos Filho José Camilo dos , Almeida Maria de Lourdes Pinto de 
Published: June 2019

Desde a entrada da Internet no universo da editoração eletrônica, um novo método de publicação online foi criado com a intenção de facilitar os processos editoriais e de publicações, além de dar uma maior visibilidade dos artigos publicados. Criado a um certo tempo no continente europeu, e agora ganhando espaço nas Américas, esse método é chamado de publicação contínua (rolling pass), ou simplesmente PC, que é a publicação dos artigos em um único volume sem pausas periódicas, sem a espera do fechamento de um número para publicar outro, o que pode diminuir a visibilidade dos artigos, e ganhando mais impacto na consulta e citações dos artigos. Assim, desde outubro de 2018, a Revista Internacional de Educação Superior - RIESUP, adota essa modalidade para fortalecer e melhorar aceleradamente o desenvolvimento da publicação do Grupo de Pesquisa GIEPES da Faculdade de Educação da Universidade Estadual de Campinas em parceria com a Rede Iberoamericana de Estudos e Pesquisas em Políticas e Processos de Educação Superior - RIEPPES - Universidade do Oeste de Santa Catarinense, tendo como missão socializar a produção de estudos e pesquisas científicas, de caráter teórico ou empírico, na área da educação superior...
FRACTIONAL ANISOTROPY AND MEAN DIFFUSIVITY VALUE IN 2ND GRADE OF DEGENERATIVE CERVICAL CANAL STENOSIS
Authors: Cendikiawan Hans , Utomo Sri Andreani 
Published: June 2019

Background: By using T2 weighted image (T2WI) of Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI), a radiologist can classify degenerative cervical canal stenosis (DCCS) into three grade, but there is no correlation between stenosis classification with clinical symptoms. It means that radiologist need a new parameter to make an early detection for spinal cord injury (SCI). Objective: Proving decrease of FA and increase of MD at the most proximal level of 2nd grade DCCS patient compared with C1-2. Methods: Cervical MR examination with 15-direction DTI sequens was performed on twenty one patient with neurological signs and symptoms of 2nd grade DCCS. Apparent FA and MD maps were generated on axial plane. The FA and MD measurements in each individual were made at the most proximal level of 2nd grade DCCS and C1-2. Wilcoxon rank sump test was used to compare FA and paired t-test was used for MD. Result : There are significant differences for FA (p = 0,00) and MD (p = 0,00) at the most proximal level of 2nd grade DCCS compared with C1-2. Conclusion: This research shows that FA and MD value at DTI sequens can be used for SCI early detection at 2nd grade DCCS patient
IMPLEMENTASI PENGEMBANGAN KARAKTER ANAK USIA DINI DENGAN PENDEKATAN HOLISTIK
Authors: Antara Putu Aditya 
Published: June 2019

ABSTRAK
Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui peran guru dalam pengembangan karakter dan konsep pengembangan karakter dengan pendekatan holistik. Penelitian dilakukan pada Taman Kanak-kanak Bali Q-Ta Tahun 2016. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode studi kasus. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa peran guru dalam pengembangan karakter anak adalah sebagai teladan, fasilitator, dan motivator. Sedangkan konsep pengembangan karakter pada kelompok B Taman Kanak-kanak Bali Q-Ta yang dilakukan dengan pendekatan holistik terlihat dari berbagai nilai karakter seperti kewajiban, hemat, hormat dan santun, taat, toleransi, sabar, empati, mandiri, serta berani. Pengembangan karakter anak dilakukan berdasarkan atas karakteristik yang dimiliki anak dengan melakukan kegiatan pembiasaan, mendongeng, meditasi, bermain peran, dan yoga.