bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A new mixing technique in the production of wood plastic composites from recycled materials
Authors: Hassona W. , El-Kassas A. M. , Zaafarani N. N. 
Published: November 2024

AbstractThis work introduces a new mixing technique for producing wood-plastic composites. The main constituents of the wood-plastic composites are recycled low-density polyethylene and residual dust from routing medium-density fiberboard. The new mixing technique depends on separating the fibers and the polymer during the melting stage of the polymer to avoid the degradation of the fibers due to heat. Physical tests including a water absorption test and a thickness swelling test were applied on specimens produced with the single screw extruder and a new mixing technique, with different fiber-polymer weight ratios (50–50%, 55–45%, 60–40%, 65–35%, and 70–30%). It was found that at a (70–30%) mixing ratio, a reduction in water absorption of about 70% and 67% for densities of 1100 and 1250 kg/m3, respectively was reached. While at a (50–50%) mixing ratio, a reduction of about 24% and 14% for densities of 1100 and 1250 kg/m3, respectively was accomplished. In general, the resistance to water absorption and thickness swelling was observed to be improved for the new mixing technique for all mixing ratios compared to the single-screw extruder.
Arbeitsbedingungen, Gesundheit und Erschöpfung bei Fachkräften der Heilerziehungspflege und Heilpädagogik – Ergebnisse der repräsentativen BIBB/BAuA-Erwerbstätigenbefragung 2018
Authors: Hollederer Alfons , Mayer Dennis 
Published: November 2024

Zusammenfassung
Hintergrund
Nach der internationalen Studienlage weisen Beschäftigte in der professionellen Behindertenhilfe ein berufsspezifisches Risiko für die Entwicklung von Burn-out auf. Dem „Job Demands-Resources Model of Burnout and Work Engagement“ zufolge führen hohe Arbeitsanforderungen zu Erschöpfung bei Beschäftigten. In Deutschland besteht zu Arbeitsbedingungen der Fachkräfte der Heilerziehungspflege und Heilpädagogik sowie zu ihrer Gesundheit ein Forschungsdefizit.

Ziel der Arbeit
Ziele der Studie waren es daher, die Arbeitsbedingungen der Fachkräfte der Heilerziehungspflege und Heilpädagogik in Deutschland zu analysieren sowie Gesundheitsbeschwerden und Erschöpfungssymptome in dieser Berufsgruppe zu explorieren.

Methode
Als Datenbasis nutzt die Studie die repräsentative Bundesinstitut für Berufsbildung (BIBB)/Bundesanstalt für Arbeitsschutz und Arbeitsmedizin (BAuA)-Erwerbstätigenbefragung 2018. In der Methode wurden deskriptive Statistik und Korrelationsanalytik angewendet.

Ergebnisse
Von den 20.012 befragten Erwerbstätigen im Rahmen der BIBB/BAuA-Erwerbstätigenbefragung 2018 übten 130 eine berufliche Tätigkeit als Heilerziehungspflegende oder Heilpädagoginnen und Heilpädagogen aus. Die körperlichen und emotionalen Anforderungen sind bei der Berufsgruppe Heilerziehungspflege/Heilpädagogik größer als bei anderen Berufen. Die am häufigsten genannte Beschwerde von Fachkräften der Heilerziehungspflege und Heilpädagogik ist mit 62,1 % die allgemeine Müdigkeit, Mattigkeit oder Erschöpfung. Daneben weisen 31,9 % der Fachkräfte der Heilerziehungspflege und Heilpädagogik eine körperliche und emotionale Erschöpfung auf.

Schlussfolgerung
Die Ergebnisse zeigen berufsbezogene Gesundheitsrisiken und Potenziale für die Verhaltens- und Verhältnisprävention in der Heilerziehungspflege und Heilpädagogik auf. Es werden Angebote zur Burn-out-Prävention, ein Ausbau der betrieblichen Gesundheitsförderung sowie die Durchführung von Gefährdungsbeurteilungen bei der Arbeit empfohlen.
Guiding Evidence-Based Classification in Para Sporting Populations: A Systematic Review of Impairment Measures and Activity Limitations
Authors: Wileman Taylor M. , McKay Marnee J. , Hackett Daniel A. , Watson Timothy J. , Fleeton Jennifer , Fornusek Ché 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
Background
As the focus of classification shifts towards an evidence-based approach, it is crucial to establish a robust system that relies on valid and reliable measures of impairment to ensure legitimate and competitive opportunities for all Para athletes. However, the lack of methods that possess the necessary measurement properties for assessing impairments in Para sporting populations presents significant challenges to developing an evidence-based classification system.

Objective
This review aimed to identify and evaluate measures of impairment and activity limitation measures that have been used to assess eligible impairments in Para sport athletes for potential use in evidence-based classification.

Methods
Six electronic databases (MEDLINE, Embase, SPORTDiscus, CINAHL, Scopus, Web of Science) were searched from their earliest record to December 2023.

Results
Fifty-one articles were identified, with twenty-one studies focusing on physical impairment measures. Isometric and grip strength emerged as effective measures. Coordination measures, such as tapping tasks, showed variations with performance. Additionally, six studies focused on intellectual impairments, revealing differences between impaired and non-impaired athletes through generic cognitive tests. Vision impairment measures, including visual acuity and visual field assessments, displayed varying associations with performance across sports.

Conclusions
Although research on evidence-based classification in Para sport is limited, this review provides valuable insights for sports in developing a testing battery that adheres to evidence-based protocols. Ongoing research efforts by sport governing bodies to prioritise research in this area will improve our understanding of the impairment–performance relationship, leading to better decision making and increased credibility in Para sport classification systems.
Old rockers: Borda and Condorcet revisited
Authors: Villar Antonio 
Published: November 2024

AbstractThis paper explores the relationship between two classic social evaluation procedures: the Borda count, and (an extension of) the Condorcet criterion. We provide a straightforward way of identifying and comparing those evaluation protocols, dispensing with the transitivity of individual preferences. Our approach uses individual pairwise comparisons of alternatives as informational inputs, with complete social orderings as informational outputs. We show that, keeping Arrow’s framework but weakening the property of independence of irrelevant alternatives to independence of separate pairs (the evaluation of each alternative only depends on how people compare this alternative with each other), opens the door to Borda and Condorcet evaluation functions. The key difference between these two protocols is the type of monotonicity assumed.
On statistics which are almost sufficient from the viewpoint of the Fisher metrics
Authors: Yamaguchi Kaori , Nozawa Hiraku 
Published: November 2024

AbstractGiven a statistical model, a statistic on the model is sufficient if the Fisher metric of the induced model coincides with the original Fisher metric, according to the definition by Ay-Jost-Lê-Schwachhöfer. We introduce and study its quantitative version: for $$0 < \delta \le 1$$

0
<
δ
≤
1

, we call a statistic $$\delta $$
δ
-almost sufficient if $$\delta ^2 \mathfrak {g}(v,v) \le \mathfrak {g}'(v,v)$$

δ
2

g

(
v
,
v
)

≤

g

′

(
v
,
v
)

for every tangent vector v of the parameter space, where $$\mathfrak {g}$$
g
and $$\mathfrak {g}'$$

g

′

are the Fisher metric of the original and the induced model, respectively. By the monotonicity theorem due to Amari-Nagaoka and Ay-Jost-Lê-Schwachhöfer, the Fisher metric $$\mathfrak {g}'$$

g

′

of the induced model for such a statistic is bi-Lipschitz equivalent to the original one $$\mathfrak {g}$$
g
, which means that the information loss of the statistic is uniformly bounded. We characterize such statistics in terms of the conditional probability or by the existence of a certain decomposition of the density function in a way similar to the characterizations of sufficient statistics due to Ay-Jost-Lê-Schwachhöfer and Fisher-Neyman.
Saving coral reefs: significance and biotechnological approaches for coral conservation
Authors: Cecchini Pansa , Nitta Thomas , Sena Edoardo , Du Zhi-Yan 
Published: November 2024

AbstractCoral reefs are highly productive ecosystems that provide valuable services to coastal communities worldwide. However, both local and global anthropogenic stressors, threaten the coral-algal symbiosis that enables reef formation. This breakdown of the symbiotic relationship, known as bleaching, is often triggered by cumulative cell damage. UV and heat stress are commonly implicated in bleaching, but other anthropogenic factors may also play a role. To address coral loss, active restoration is already underway in many critical regions. Additionally, coral researchers are exploring assisted evolution methods for greater coral resilience to projected climate change. This review provides an overview of the symbiotic relationship, the mechanisms underlying coral bleaching in response to stressors, and the strategies being pursued to address coral loss. Despite the necessity of ongoing research in all aspects of this field, action on global climate change remains crucial for the long-term survival of coral reefs.
Picture-Reading the Complexities of Transgender Experience
Authors: Cray Ley David Elliette 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
Depicting transgender persons in comics without falling into visual caricature and thereby perpetuating harmful stereotypes can be a delicate task. In this discussion, I draw upon the notion of picture-reading to argue that, despite this fact, comics as a medium is particularly well-suited—both formally and in terms of production-relevant factors—toward capturing and communicating the complexities of transgender experience.
The diversity of ignorance and the ignorance of diversity: origins and implications of “shadow diversity” for conservation biology and extinction
Authors: Turton-Hughes Serena , Holmes George , Hassall Christopher 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
Biodiversity shortfalls and taxonomic bias can lead to inaccurate assessment of conservation priorities. Previous literature has begun to explore practical reasons why some species are discovered sooner or are better researched than others. However, the deeper socio-cultural causes for undiscovered and neglected biodiversity, and the value of collectively analysing species at risk of unrecorded, or “dark”, extinction, are yet to be fully examined. Here, we argue that a new label (we propose “shadow diversity”) is needed to shift our perspective from biodiversity shortfalls to living, albeit unknown, species. We suggest this linguistic shift imparts intrinsic value to these species, beyond scientific gaze and cultural systems. We review research on undiscovered, undetected and hidden biodiversity in the fields of conservation biology, macroecology and genetics. Drawing on philosophy, geography, history and sociology, we demonstrate that a range of socio-cultural factors (funding, education and historical bias) combine with traditional, practical impediments to limit species discovery and detection. We propose using a spectrum of shadow diversity which enables a complex, non-binary and comprehensive approach to biodiversity unknowns. Shadow diversity holds exciting potential as a tool to increase awareness, appreciation and support for the conservation of traditionally less studied wildlife species and sites, from soil microbes to less charismatic habitat fragments. We advocate for a shift in how the conservation community and wider public see biodiversity and an increase in popular support for conserving a wider range of life forms. Most importantly, shadow diversity provides appropriate language and conceptual frameworks to discuss species absent from conservation assessment and at potential risk of dark extinction.
‘Let’s get real’ … when we lead: A systematic review, critical assessment, and agenda for authentic leadership theory and research
Authors: Gardner William L. , Karam Elizabeth P. , Noghani Farzaneh , Cogliser Claudia C. , Gullifor Daniel P. , Mhatre Ketan , Ge Shucheng , Bi Ran , Yan Zhen , Dahunsi Dara 
Published: November 2024

AbstractScholarly and practitioner interest in authentic leadership has grown at an accelerating rate over the last decade, resulting in a proliferation of publications across diverse social science disciplines. Accompanying this interest has been criticism of authentic leadership theory and the methods used to explore it. We conducted a systematic review of 303 scholarly articles published from 2010 to 2023 to critically assess the conceptual and empirical strengths and limitations of this literature and map the nomological network of the authentic leadership construct. Results indicate that much of the extant research does not follow best practices in terms of research design and analysis. Based on the findings obtained, an agenda for advancing authentic leadership theory and research that embraces a signaling theory perspective is proposed.
Asymptotics of the allele frequency spectrum and the number of alleles
Authors: Maller Ross A. , Shemehsavar Soudabeh 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
We derive large-sample and other limiting distributions of components of the allele frequency spectrum vector,

$\mathbf{M}_n$

, joint with the number of alleles,

$K_n$

, from a sample of n genes. Models analysed include those constructed from gamma and

$\alpha$

-stable subordinators by Kingman (thus including the Ewens model), the two-parameter extension by Pitman and Yor, and a two-parameter version constructed by omitting large jumps from an

$\alpha$

-stable subordinator. In each case the limiting distribution of a finite number of components of

$\mathbf{M}_n$

is derived, joint with

$K_n$

. New results include that in the Poisson–Dirichlet case,

$\mathbf{M}_n$

and

$K_n$

are asymptotically independent after centering and norming for

$K_n$

, and it is notable, especially for statistical applications, that in other cases the limiting distribution of a finite number of components of

$\mathbf{M}_n$

, after centering and an unusual

$n^{\alpha/2}$

norming, conditional on that of

$K_n$

, is normal.
David versus Goliath? The impact of corporate expansion in the alcohol retail industry on incumbent small-scale retailers
Authors: Connolly Cristina , Graziano Marcello , Steinbach Sandro 
Published: November 2024

AbstractThis paper investigates the impact of corporate expansion in the alcohol retail industry on small-scale retailers. Our empirical approach exploits the timing of corporate entries across U.S. states that do not have a state monopoly to examine entry effects based on proximity to incumbent retailers. The analysis, drawing on a comprehensive dataset of U.S. alcohol retailers from 2000 to 2020, reveals that corporate entries within a 1-mile radius positively impact the employment and revenue of nearby small-scale retailers, with these effects intensifying over time and being more pronounced in metropolitan markets. Despite these localized impacts, the overall market structure and firm behavior remain largely unaffected.
Dragging Music: Towards a Queer Socio-Cultural Semiotics
Authors: BLACKBURN ANTON L. 
Published: November 2024

AbstractWhat can queer theory, and drag performance, contribute to music semiotics? This paper proffers ‘dragging’ as a socio-cultural semiotics that demonstrates how musical meanings are dynamically queered through drag lip-sync performance. Departing from approaches to meaning and semiotics in musicology and popular music studies, I intervene with direct insights from queer theory. I draw out oscillations between queer theoretical perspectives on temporality and (post)structural concepts such as assemblages and mediation as they have been incorporated into music studies. ‘Drag’, not just an art form, is here developed as a specific kind of spatial-temporal mediation: dragging is understood as the displacement and heterochronization of meaning, where musical objects are dragged ‘out of time’ and ‘out of space’ into the alien world of queer experience. Dragging as a conceptual instrument allows us to begin answering questions of how meanings – and their political stakes – coalesce inside and outside, within and without, music.
A Bayesian approach to (re)examining learning effects of cognitive linguistics–inspired instruction
Authors: Wong Man Ho Ivy , Prange Jakob 
Published: November 2024

AbstractThis study closely replicates Wong, Zhao, & MacWhinney (2018), who found that cognitive linguistics–inspired instruction (i.e., schematic diagram feedback) demonstrated a superiority effect over traditional instruction (i.e., rule and exemplar feedback or corrective feedback) on the translation test but not the cloze test. While the original study adopted the null hypothesis testing approach, the current study adopted Bayesian mixed effects logistic models to investigate how different variables might affect the learnability of prepositions among 81 Chinese-speaking learners of English. The research design, materials, and procedure are nearly identical to those of the original study except for an added delayed posttest. Our findings are generally consistent with the results reported in the original study, indicating that the cognitive linguistics–informed instruction demonstrates superiority effect. Furthermore, these positive learning outcomes persist over time, as evidenced by the results of the delayed posttest.
Association of multiple sclerosis with psychiatric disorders and homelessness among veterans in the United States Department of Veterans Affairs healthcare system
Authors: Silveira Stephanie L. , Beydoun Hind , Tsai Jack 
Published: November 2024

AbstractObjectiveTo describe and compare the prevalence of psychosocial and psychiatric disorders among veterans with multiple sclerosis (MS) and a propensity-score-matched group of veterans without MS, and to identify sociodemographic and clinical characteristics associated with comorbid psychosocial and psychiatric problems among veterans with MS.MethodsData were linked and extracted from the Veterans Affairs (VA) Homeless Operations Management and Evaluation System and the Corporate Data Warehouse. The total sample comprised 27,342 veterans in the VA healthcare system between January 1, 2022, and June 30, 2023, who met eligibility criteria for an MS diagnosis (n=13,671) and 1:1 propensity-score-matched sample of veterans who did not have MS (n=13,671). MS diagnosis, substance use disorder (SUD), mental illness, and homelessness were defined using standard ICD-10 codes. Covariates included sex, age, Charlson Comorbidity Index (CCI), and VA service-connected disability rating.ResultsA higher prevalence of mental illness among veterans with MS (33%) was found compared with those without MS (31%). Multivariable logistic regression models indicated MS was negatively associated with diagnoses of alcohol use disorder, stimulant use disorders, posttraumatic stress disorder, and schizophrenia/schizoaffective disorder but positively associated with diagnoses of cannabis use disorder and major depressive disorder. MS was not significantly related to homelessness. Disparities in psychosocial and psychiatric disorders among veterans with MS are described.ConclusionThis study provides novel insights regarding rates of homelessness, SUD, and mental illnesses among veterans with MS. Interdisciplinary approaches to identification and management of mental illness, SUD, and homelessness among veterans with MS are critically needed.
Changes in food and drink purchasing behaviour in England during the first 3 months of the COVID-19 pandemic: an interrupted time series analysis
Authors: Kalbus Alexandra , Cornelsen Laura , Ballatore Andrea , Cummins Steven 
Published: November 2024

Abstract

Objective:
This study examined changes food and drink purchasing during the first 3 months of the COVID-19 pandemic in England, and if changes varied by population subgroups.

Design:
We investigated changes in take-home food and drink purchasing and frequency of out-of-home (OOH) purchasing using an interrupted time series analysis design. The start of pandemic restrictions (the intervention) was defined as 16 March 2020, when first announced in the UK.

Setting:
London and the North of England.

Participants:
1245 households reporting take-home and 226 individuals reporting OOH purchases between January 2019 and mid-June 2020 from the GB Kantar Fast Moving Consumer Goods Panel.

Results:
The marginal mean estimate of total take-home energy purchased was 17·4 % (95 % CI 14·9, 19·9) higher during the pandemic restriction period compared with the counterfactual. Increases of 35·2 % (95 % CI 23·4, 47·0) in take-home volume of alcoholic beverages and 1·2 % (95 % CI 0·1, 2·4) in foods and drinks high in fat, salt and sugar were observed. Reductions in purchased energy from fruit and vegetables (–7·3 %, 95 % CI –10·9, –3·6), ultra-processed foods (–4·0 %, 95 % CI –5·2, –2·8) and in OOH purchasing frequency (–44·0 %, 95 % CI –58·3, –29·6) were observed. Changes in chocolate and confectionery, soft drink and savoury snack purchases levelled off over time. Changes in all studied outcomes varied by sociodemographic characteristics and usual purchasing.

Conclusions:
Pandemic restrictions were associated with positive and negative changes in food and drink purchasing, which differed by individual characteristics. Future research should ascertain if changes persist and translate into changes in health.
Differentiating healthy orthorexia from orthorexia nervosa: sociodemographic, psychological and dietary characteristics in a French sample
Authors: Hanras Eva , Boujut Emilie , Barrada Juan Ramón , Dorard Géraldine 
Published: November 2024

Abstract

Objective:
Orthorexia has been widely studied, but recently, a new conceptualisation was proposed to distinguish its healthy characteristics from its pathological ones. The objective of this study was to differentiate healthy orthorexia (HeOr) from orthorexia nervosa (OrNe) by exploring their sociodemographic, psychological, health and dietary characteristics using comparative and correlational statistical methods.

Design:
Cross-sectional analysis. Participants completed an online, self-administered questionnaire assessing their sociodemographic characteristics, orthorexia, exercise dependence, personality, health anxiety, food choice motives, emotional competences and eating disorders (ED).

Setting:
Data were collected between May 2021 and September 2022.

Participants:
1515 French females (meanage = 37·67). Responses from men were excluded.

Results:
While OrNe was mainly associated with weight control motives in food choices (r = 0·42), HeOr was more strongly correlated with natural content (r = 0·60) and health motives (r = 0·49). In relation to exercising, OrNe showed its highest association with weight control (r = 0·41). Health anxiety was more strongly associated with OrNe than with HeOr. Both OrNe and HeOr were related to diet adherence and regular exercise, but the association was stronger for the latter. Orthorexia scores, mainly OrNe, were higher in participants at the risk of ED. Participants who were afraid to gain weight showed higher OrNe scores.

Conclusions:
HeOr seems to be part of a healthy lifestyle in general. In contrast, OrNe falls into the category of an ED and is associated with more problematic psychological functioning. Particular attention should be given to individuals who are beginning to control and reduce their food intake to prevent them from developing OrNe.