bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Emotional awareness, child maltreatment and child exposed to intimate partner violence: A systematic review of their relationship with symptoms and protective factors
Authors: Ortiz‐Jiménez Eva Mª. , Butjosa Anna , Gómez‐Benito Juana , Ochoa Susana 
Published: October 2024

AbstractThis systematic review studies the emotional awareness (EA) in children exposed to intimate partner violence (IPV) and other child maltreatment (CM), and their relationship with externalizing and internalizing symptoms and protective factors. The search was performed using the PubMed, PsycINFO and Google Scholar databases. The search was based on scientific studies using the follow terms: (“emotional awareness” OR “emotional intelligence”) AND (child OR adolescent OR children OR teenager) AND (abuse OR neglect OR maltreatment OR “presence of domestic violence” OR “domestic violence” OR “intimate partner violence”). Seventeen empirical studies were included, presenting a low risk of bias (82%). Four studies have explored the relationship between EA and exposition to IPV, four with sexual abuse, five with neglect, five with psychological abuse and three with physical abuse. A total of 13 articles have assessed the relationship between EA and externalizing and internalizing symptoms: three with suicidal ideation (SI), three with post‐traumatic stress symptoms (PTSD), two focused on addictions, three on affective symptoms, one with total externalizing symptoms, one with borderline personality disorder (BDP), one with non‐suicidal self‐injury (NSSI) and one with disordered eating behaviours and attitudes (DEBA). Studies show that abused children have lower EA and that the lower EA, the greater the presence of symptoms. A total of 10 articles have assessed the relationship between EA and protective factors such as mental health in parents, six with coping skills, one with self‐stem and one with quality of life. The main results suggest that EA could be a mediator between children exposed to IPV and other CM and internalizing and externalizing symptoms as well as protective factors.
Self‐Organization of Square Nitrogen Islands on Copper (100) Surfaces: Island Pair Distributions Based on an Ab‐Initio DFT and Mesoscopic Interaction Model
Authors: Kappus Wolfgang 
Published: October 2024

AbstractEarlier scanning tunneling microscopy (STM) studies have shown that nitrogen forms square c(2×2) islands on Cu(100) surfaces, the assembly of which depends on coverage. Recent calculations have revealed that adatom‐adatom interactions are compatible with the formation of square c(2×2) islands. The pair distribution of these islands is a topic of the current investigation. In addition, the domain structure of islands found recently in STM experiments is discussed and explained using two types of island interactions. The potential used for the interaction between N square islands on copper is a combination of previous ab initio calculations and an updated mesoscopic interaction scheme. The 2D‐BGY integral equation is extended to handle binary objects like two different types of islands. It is solved for up to a quarter island coverage using a numerical recursion algorithm. Coverage beyond half is accessible with island vacancy symmetry. The calculation predicts the formation of ordered island assemblies with increasing coverage. These results reasonably explain the previous experimental observations. The handling of binary objects also seems to be applicable to assemblies of two adatom types as found in catalysis. The assumptions and limitations of the model are discussed and open questions are formulated.
Changes in lactate concentration are accompanied by opposite changes in the pattern of fat oxidation: Dose–response relationship
Authors: Benítez‐Muñoz José Antonio , Guisado‐Cuadrado Isabel , Rojo‐Tirado Miguel Ángel , Alcocer‐Ayuga María , Romero‐Parra Nuria , Peinado Ana Belén , Cupeiro Rocío 
Published: October 2024

AbstractIt is unknown whether changes in lactate concentration produced by different situations (e.g., glycogen depletion or heat) modify fat oxidation. If confirmed, we could determine a dose–response relationship between lactate and fat. The aim of this study was to determine whether changes in lactate concentration (due to glycogen depletion or heat) alter fat oxidation during exercise. 11 males and eight females performed an incremental exercise test under three situations: control, glycogen depletion, and heat. At rest, in the last minute of each step and immediately post‐exhaustion, lactate was analyzed and fat oxidation was estimated by indirect calorimetry. Lactate concentration was inversely associated with fat oxidation in the three aforementioned situations (r > 0.88 and p < 0.05). The highest lactate concentration was found in the heat situation, followed by the control situation, and finally the glycogen depletion situation (all p < 0.05). The opposite was found for fat oxidation, with the highest fat oxidation found in the glycogen depletion situation, followed by the control situation, and finally the heat situation (all p < 0.05). There is no association between the changes in lactate concentration between situations at each intensity and the changes in fat oxidation between situations at each intensity in males or females (p > 0.05). In conclusion, lactatemia is strongly and inversely associated with fat oxidation under the three different situations. Furthermore, the lowest lactate concentrations were accompanied by the highest fat oxidations in the glycogen depletion situation, whereas the highest lactate concentrations were accompanied by the lowest fat oxidations in the heat situation.
Optimization and Feasibility Analysis of Hybrid Distributed Generator Based System With a Comparison of Battery and Hydrogen Energy Storage for Residential Electrification
Authors: Pillai Kalidas , Sundaram Sivasankari 
Published: October 2024

ABSTRACTIndeed, as India progresses towards its mission on green hydrogen production and the adoption of alternative fuels, the development of stand‐alone systems supporting the integration of hydrogen energy becomes imperative. Optimal sizing of standalone hybrid systems presents a significant challenge to meet power reliability, technical and economic viability. The present study explores the topology of hybrid energy storage systems in the stand‐alone scenario and assesses its technical and economic feasibility through an optimization approach. The objective is to size the components of the standalone system which includes PV generator, wind generator, hydrogen energy storage unit, battery storage unit (BES), electrolyzer and fuel cell rendering low value of loss of power supply probability (LPSP). Also, finest‐fitting storage system for the Solar‐wind Hybrid Stand‐Alone Microgrid (HSAM) is identified. Modeling, simulation, and optimization of the HSAM are carried out using HOMER PRO. A load of 20.46 kWp and average yearly energy consumption of 165.44 kWh/day was considered for the technical and economic feasibility‐based evaluation. Scaled annual average values of input metalogical data such as wind speed, temperature and solar irradiance is considered as sensitivity cases. Based on the simulation results, it can be observed that the proposed HSAM system with HyESS exhibits the lowest values for NPV, O&M Cost, and LCOE compared to other system configurations. From sensitivity analysis it is observed that with variation of resource based inputs like irradiance, wind speed and temperature, there is a fluctuation of nearly 10% in the NPV and LCOE of the HSAM system. The LCOE for this system is estimated to be $0.289/kWh, while the NPV is projected to be $274 470. The Internal Rate of Return (IRR) for the 25‐year project is calculated to be 6.1%, indicating a favorable return on investment. Additionally, the Simple Payback Period is determined to be 8.7 years. Furthermore, validation of the optimal LPSP through HOMER is achieved through creation of an objective function employing a non‐linear least square approach. The proposed HyESS outperforms the standard BES with an LPSP of 3.1 × 10−6 over 4.3 × 10−4. The suggested system achieves a high level of dependability through LPSP values that are significantly closer to zero, ensuring a reliable operation.
Enhancing Solar Water Heater Performance Using Phase Change Materials and Modified Encapsulation Geometry
Authors: Patel Smit R. , Rathod Manish K. 
Published: October 2024

ABSTRACTSolar energy's abundant availability in India makes it a potential solution to meet increasing energy needs without harming environment. Solar water heating (SWH) systems are effective in converting solar radiation into heat for domestic and industrial applications. However, their inability to provide hot water during nighttime or off‐sunshine hours due to the intermittent nature of solar energy presents a challenge. Thermal energy storage, particularly using phase change materials (PCMs), has emerged as a solution. In this study, spherical ball‐type encapsulated PCM, specifically RT60, was incorporated into a solar water heater tank under variable atmospheric conditions. The PCM stores excess energy during daylight and releases it when the water temperature drops below the PCM's melting point. The results reveal a significant reduction in the temperature drop of water from 4.5°C to 1.4°C when utilizing PCM compared to conventional storage water tanks without PCM. Additionally, energy storage capacity is enhanced by 5.13% with PCM incorporation. Furthermore, modifying the encapsulation geometry to a rectangular shape enhances heat transfer and reduces temperature drop even further to 0.9°C, making it a promising approach to improving SWH system performance. This study highlights the possibility of enhancing encapsulation shape and applying PCM to enhance SWH system performance. The results highlight the possibility of increasing solar thermal systems' energy efficiency and usefulness, which will support sustainable energy sources.
Optimal Capacitance Design for IRS Aided Wireless Power Transfer for Sustainable IoT Communication
Authors: Sharma Bhupendra , Agarwal Anirudh , Mishra Deepak , Debnath Soumitra , Shah Santosh 
Published: October 2024

ABSTRACTIntelligent reflecting surface (IRS) is a cutting‐edge technique that can significantly improve wireless propagation. It can efficiently utilize wireless power transfer to enable sustainable Internet‐of‐Things (IoT) transmission by reconfiguring the incident signal from the active transmitter. However, the flexibility of capacitance tuning in the IRS system, which controls underlying reflections, is often overlooked. The effective capacitance design in the IRS system can provide a new degree of freedom in the IoT communication system, which can enable additional performance gain in the received power. To achieve this, a novel IRS circuital optimization model is proposed in this work. It incorporates various electrical parameters of the meta‐surface unit cell for improved IoT‐enabled communication. The proposed optimization model provides an optimal capacitance as a function of phase shift (PS), which is controlled by IRS, incident frequency, and other IRS electrical parameters. This optimal capacitance is then used to define the received power. The convexity of the optimization problem is proved, and the global optimal capacitance is obtained for received power maximization. Our simulations show that the proposed optimization model outperforms the existing constructive interference‐based optimal PS method, for which the capacitance is first calculated. Finally, the analytical results are numerically validated with several optimal design insights.
Vinegar postbiotic solutions obtained from five red fruits processed using traditional methods exhibit different biochemical properties and antimicrobial and antioxidant effects
Authors: Özdemir Oğuzhan 
Published: October 2024

AbstractPomegranate, hawthorn, gilaburu, blackberry, and rosehip vinegar postbiotic solutions (VPS) were produced by traditional methods. The bioactive components of VPS, antioxidant capacity, antimicrobial activities, minimum inhibition concentration (MIC), and minimum bactericidal concentration (MBC) assays were determined. While rosehip VPS has the highest amount of lactic acid, phenolic and flavonoids, gilaburu VPS has the highest butyric acid. The highest antimicrobial activities were observed for hawthorn VPS on C. albicans and S. aureus, for gilaburu VPS on S. poona and S. aureus, for blackberry VPS on C. albicans mold and S. agalactiae, for pomegranate VPS on E. coli and S. agalactiae and for rosehip VPS on C. albicans and S. agalactiae. Moreover, the mortality values were reported as MBCs: hawthorn for S. aureus (94.6% at 0.03 mg mL−1) and S. paratyphii A (94.1% at 0.03 mg mL−1), gilaburu for S. aureus (93.4% at 0.06 mg mL−1) and P. aeruginosa (93.2% at 0.13 mg mL−1), rosehip for S. agalactiace and E. coli (93.7–91.7% at 0.06 mg mL−1), pomegranate for methicillin‐resistant S. aureus (96.0% at 0.5 mg mL−1), and blackberry for S. aureus (91.3% at 0.25 mg mL−1) and P. aeruginosa (92.1% at 0.13 mg mL−1), in addition to an equal mixture of the five VPSs for S. aureus and P. aeruginosa (85.6% at 0.06 mg mL−1). The MICs for VPS were generally found in a 0.5 mg mL−1dilution of each vinegar. Remarkably, common and local fruits can be rich sources of bioactive components without the need for imported products or expensive processing methods or equipment. This study demonstrated that rosehip VPS has the greatest potential as both a nutrient and a natural disinfectant.
Uncertain multi‐objective programming approach for planning supplementary irrigation areas in rainfed agricultural regions
Authors: Shi Rongchao , Han Xiaobei , Guo Wenzhong 
Published: October 2024

AbstractRainfed agriculture is crucial for ensuring global food and water security, and supplementary irrigation is an effective means of improving the economic benefits in rainfed agricultural regions. This study proposes a novel uncertain optimization approach to optimize supplementary irrigation areas in rainfed agricultural regions. The approach incorporates multi‐objective linear programming, interval linear programming, fuzzy goal programming and stochastic expected value programming. In the proposed interval multi‐fuzzy goal stochastic expected‐value programming, uncertainties are expressed in the form of discrete intervals, probability distributions and fuzzy goals. This approach, which considers the randomness of precipitation during the optimization process and allocates limited irrigation water resources to different subareas and crops, was applied to a case study of crop irrigation area planning in Guyuan City, Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region, northwestern China. The maximum economic benefits and the minimum sum of the Gini coefficients among the different subareas and crops were regarded as the planning objectives, and a series of optimal irrigation areas with different crops and subareas under different water levels were obtained. The optimization results revealed that vegetables and fruits consumed large amounts of irrigation water to increase their economic benefits. In addition, allocating a large amount of irrigation water to wheat is essential to decrease the Gini coefficient and meet food security constraints, particularly at extremely low water levels. Compared with current management, the optimized irrigation area decreased by 30%, the crop water deficit index increased by 9%, the economic benefits increased by 3% and the total Gini coefficient of crops decreased by 17%, indicating that the optimization approach could fairly and reasonably allocate irrigation water resources. Our research provides a mathematical approach for decision‐makers to plan supplementary irrigation areas in rainfed agricultural regions.
Prognostic Impact and Prevalence of Cachexia in Patients With Heart Failure: A Systematic Review and Meta‐Analysis
Authors: Prokopidis Konstantinos , Irlik Krzysztof , Hendel Mirela , Piaśnik Julia , Lip Gregory Y. H. , Nabrdalik Katarzyna 
Published: October 2024

ABSTRACTBackgroundCachexia, defined as the combination of weight loss, weakness, fatigue, anorexia and abnormal biochemical markers based on Evans' criteria, is known to exacerbate the prognosis of heart failure (HF) patients. This systematic review and meta‐analysis investigates the prognostic impact and prevalence of cachexia, as defined by Evans' criteria, in patients with HF.MethodsPubMed, Cochrane Library, Scopus and Web of Science were searched from inception until December 2023, including HF patients for whom the Evans' criteria were applied to explore the prevalence and prognostic impact of cachexia. This study employed a meta‐analyses using the random‐effects model and inverse‐variance method that was adhered to the revised 2020 PRISMA guidelines for systematic reviews and meta‐analyses (CRD42023446443).ResultsSix prospective or retrospective studies of 2252 patients with HF were included, whereby all‐cause mortality was significantly greater in patients with cachexia with low heterogeneity among studies (HR: 1.60, 95% CI 1.31–1.95, p < 0.001; I2 = 0%). For the studies that used full, uniformly defined Evans' criteria, among 1844 patients, mortality remained greater in patients with cachexia (HR: 1.58, 95% CI 1.27–1.97, p < 0.001; I2 = 0%). In a subgroup analysis among 1714 of HF with reduced ejection fraction, the results were consistent (HR: 1.57, 95% CI 1.28–1.92, p < 0.001; I2 = 0%). Additionally, 10 studies comprising 2862 patients indicated a 31% risk of cachexia in HF (95% CI 21–43%, I2 = 94%).ConclusionsCachexia is an independent predictor for increased all‐cause mortality among patients with HF with a notable prevalence of 31%. Interventions aiding in improving fatigue, anorexia and exercise capacity could help improve the quality of life of this clinical population.
Parallel‐transmission spatial spectral pulse design with local specific absorption rate control: Demonstration for robust uniform water‐selective excitation in the human brain at 7 T
Authors: Shao Xin , Zhang Zhe , Ma Xiaodong , Liu Fan , Guo Hua , Ugurbil Kamil , Wu Xiaoping 
Published: October 2024

AbstractPurposeTo propose a novel method for parallel‐transmission (pTx) spatial‐spectral pulse design and demonstrate its utility for robust uniform water‐selective excitation (water excitation) across the entire brain.Theory and MethodsOur design problem is formulated as a magnitude‐least‐squares minimization with joint RF and k‐space optimization under explicit specific‐absorption‐rate constraints. For improved robustness against off‐resonance effects, the spectral component of the excitation target is prescribed to have a water passband and a fat stopband. A two‐step algorithm was devised to solve our design problem, with Step 1 aiming to solve a reduced problem to find a sensible start point for Step 2 to solve the original problem. The efficacy of our pulse design was evaluated in simulation, phantom, and human experiments using the commercial Nova head coil. Universal pulses were also designed based on a 10‐subject training data set to demonstrate the utility of our method for plug‐and‐play pTx.ResultsFor kT‐points and spiral nonselective parameterizations, our design method outperformed the pTx interleaved binomial approach, reducing RMS error by up to about 35% for water excitation and about 97% for fat suppression (over a 200‐Hz bandwidth) while decreasing local specific absorption rate by about 30%. Both our subject‐specific and universal pulses improved water excitation, restoring signal loss in the cerebellum while suppressing fat signal even in regions of large susceptibility‐induced off‐resonances.ConclusionDemonstrated useful for 4D (3D spatial, one‐dimensional spectral) pTx spatial‐spectral pulse design, our proposed method provides an effective solution for robust volumetric uniform water excitation, holding a promise to many ultrahigh‐field applications.
129Xe Image Processing Pipeline: An open‐source, graphical user interface application for the analysis of hyperpolarized 129Xe MRI
Authors: Bdaiwi Abdullah S. , Willmering Matthew M. , Plummer Joseph W. , Hussain Riaz , Roach David J. , Parra‐Robles Juan , Niedbalski Peter J. , Woods Jason C. , Walkup Laura L. , Cleveland Zackary I. 
Published: October 2024

AbstractPurposeHyperpolarized 129Xe MRI presents opportunities to assess regional pulmonary microstructure and function. Ongoing advancements in hardware, sequences, and image processing have helped it become increasingly adopted for both research and clinical use. As the number of applications and users increase, standardization becomes crucial. To that end, this study developed an executable, open‐source 129Xe image processing pipeline (XIPline) to provide a user‐friendly, graphical user interface‐based analysis pipeline to analyze and visualize 129Xe MR data, including scanner calibration, ventilation, diffusion‐weighted, and gas exchange images.MethodsThe customizable XIPline is designed in MATLAB to analyze data from all three major scanner platforms. Calibration data is processed to calculate optimal flip angle and determine129Xe frequency offset. Data processing includes loading, reconstructing, registering, segmenting, and post‐processing images. Ventilation analysis incorporates three common algorithms to calculate ventilation defect percentage and novel techniques to assess defect distribution and ventilation texture. Diffusion analysis features ADC mapping, modified linear binning to account for ADC age‐dependence, and common diffusion morphometry methods. Gas exchange processing uses a generalized linear binning for data acquired using 1‐point Dixon imaging.ResultsThe XIPline workflow is demonstrated using analysis from representative calibration, ventilation, diffusion, and gas exchange data.ConclusionThe application will reduce redundant effort when implementing new techniques across research sites by providing an open‐source framework for developers. In its current form, it offers a robust and adaptable platform for 129Xe MRI analysis to ensure methodological consistency, transparency, and support for collaborative research across multiple sites and MRI manufacturers.
A Validated Algorithm to Identify Hepatic Decompensation in the Veterans Health Administration Electronic Health Record System
Authors: Haque Lamia Y. , Tate Janet P. , Chew Michael , Caniglia Ellen C. , Taddei Tamar H. , Re Vincent Lo 
Published: October 2024

ABSTRACTPurposeAccurate identification of hepatic decompensation is essential for pharmacoepidemiologic research among patients with chronic liver disease.MethodsAn algorithm using ≥ 1 inpatient or ≥ 2 outpatient International Classification of Diseases, 10th revision (ICD‐10) codes for hepatic decompensation was developed in Veterans Health Administration data from October 2015 through July 2019. Medical records were reviewed by hepatologists to confirm cases. The positive predictive value (PPV) of the coding algorithm for confirmed hepatic decompensation was calculated.ResultsHepatic decompensation was confirmed in 149/185 records meeting the algorithm (PPV 81%; 95% CI, 70%, 90%). The most common hepatic decompensation diagnosis was ascites. Only 56% of confirmed cases had an accompanying diagnosis code for cirrhosis.ConclusionsOur ICD‐10‐based coding algorithm identified hepatic decompensation with high PPV in Veterans Health Administration data.