bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Opportunistic infection at the start of antiretroviral therapy and baseline CD4+ count less than 50 cells/mm3 are associated with poor immunological recovery
Authors: Tilak Amod , Shenoy Smita , Varma Muralidhar , Kamath Asha , Tripathy Amruta , Sori Ravi , Saravu Kavitha 
Published: March 2019

Abstract

Introduction
There is a dearth of studies assessing the efficacy and immunological improvement in patients started on antiretroviral therapy (ART) in India. This study was undertaken to assess the 2-year treatment outcomes in HIV-positive patients initiated on ART in a tertiary-care hospital.

Methods
After approval from the Institutional Ethics Committee, adult HIV-positive patients from a tertiary-care hospital, initiated on ART between January 2013 and February 2015, were included in the study. Data on clinical and immunological parameters were obtained from medical case records over a period of 2 years after initiation of therapy. Intention-to-treat analysis was done using a descriptive approach, using SPSS version 15 (SPSS Inc. Released 2006. SPSS for Windows, Version 15.0. Chicago, SPSS Inc.). A logistic regression analysis was done to assess the predictors for poor outcomes. A p-value <0.05 was considered statistically significant.

Results
ART was initiated in 299 adult patients. At 1 and 2 years, the median (interquartile range) change in CD4+ cell count was 65 (39, 98) cells/mm3 and 160 (95, 245) cells/mm3. The change observed after 2 years of treatment initiation was statistically significant compared with that after 1 year. Three deaths occurred during the study period and 28 were lost to follow-up. Male sex, presence of at least one opportunistic infection at the start of therapy, and baseline CD4+ count <50 cells/mm3 were associated with poor immunological recovery.

Conclusions
With long-term treatment and regular follow-up, sustained clinical and immunological outcomes can be obtained in resource-limited settings.
Pre-analytical quality control in hemostasis laboratories: visual evaluation of hemolysis index alone may cause unnecessary sample rejection
Authors: Storti Simona , Battipaglia Elena , Parri Maria Serena , Ripoli Andrea , Lombardi Stefania , Andreani Giovanna 
Published: March 2019

Abstract

Background
Visual inspection is the most widespread method for evaluating sample hemolysis in hemostasis laboratories. The hemolysis index (HI) was determined visually (visual index, VI) and measured on an ACL TOP 750 (IL Werfen) system with a hemolysis-icterus-lipemia index (HIL) module. These values were compared with those measured on clinical chemistry systems Unicel DXC600 and AU680 and with quantitation of free-hemoglobin (Hb) performed by a spectrophotometric measurement method (SMM).

Methods
The HI was measured in 356 sodium citrate plasma samples, 306 of which were visibly hemolyzed to varying degrees and 50 were not hemolyzed. The analytical performance of each method was evaluated.

Results
Linear regression analysis, calculated between SMM and the other systems in the study, returned coefficients of determination r2 = 0.853 (AU680), r2 = 0.893 (DXC600) and r2 = 0.917 (ACL TOP 750). An r2 = 0.648 was obtained for linear regression analysis between VI and ACL TOP 750. In addition, ACL TOP 750 showed an excellent correlation in multivariate analysis (r2 = 0.958), showing good sensitivity (0.939) and specificity (0.934) and a diagnostic accuracy of 94%. By comparison, DXC600 and AU680 showed coefficients of determination of 0.945 and 0.923, respectively. A cut-off was set at 0.15 g/L free-Hb, as determined by the automated method, such that any hemostasis samples measuring above this threshold should not be analyzed. Based on this criterion, samples were classified as accepted or rejected, and the number of samples discarded during VI or ACL TOP 750 measurements was compared.

Conclusions
This study confirmed that hemostasis laboratories should consider introducing an objective, automated and standardized method to check samples for hemolysis. By relying solely on visual inspection, up to 50% of samples could be unnecessarily rejected. The ACL TOP 750 system demonstrated a satisfactory analytical performance, giving results comparable to those of the reference method.
Ein „Götterbildbeschlag“ aus der Uckermark als Zeugnis mittelalterlicher Glaubensvorstellungen im nordwestslawischen Raum
Authors: Biermann Felix 
Published: March 2019

Zusammenfassung: Das Bruchstück eines figürlich verzierten Messerscheidenbeschlags (um 1000/frühes 11. Jahrhundert) von einer spätslawischen Siedlung bei Melzow in der Uckermark kann den sog. „Götterbildbeschlägen“ nach I. Gabriel zugeordnet werden. Es gehört offenkundig in reli giösen Kontext und zeigt wohl eine Szene, bei der eine Gottheit Segen und Leben an Mensch und Tier spendet. Der Fund wird vor dem Hintergrund der paganen Glaubensvorstellungen der Liutizen und zusammen mit seinen Parallelen kulturhistorisch interpretiert.
Résumé: Un fragment d’un fourreau de couteau avec décor figuratif provenant d’un habitat de l’époque slave tardive à Melzow dans l’Uckermark et daté vers 1000 apr. J.-C./début du 11e siècle appartient à la catégorie des “appliques avec images divines” identifiée par I. Gabriel. Il fait clairement partie d’un contexte religieux et représente une scène dans laquelle une divinité bénit et donne vie à des animaux et à des êtres humains. Cet article examine cet objet dans le contexte des croyances religieuses des Lutici (ou Liutizi) et des exemplaires comparables connus, et offre une interprétation sur le plan de l’histoire culturelle.
Abstract: A fragment of a fitting belonging to the sheath of a knife with figurative decoration (dated to around AD 1000/early 11th century) from a Late Slavic settlement near Melzow in Uckermark can be attributed to the so-called “Idol fittings” identified by Ingo Gabriel. It obviously belongs to a religious context, and probably depicts a scene in which a god-figure is blessing and imparting life to animals and humans. The object is considered here against the background of the religious beliefs of the Lutici (or Liutizi) and interpreted, together with other parallels, in culture historical terms.
Process intensification in chemical engineering: general trends and Russian contribution
Authors: Abiev Rufat S. 
Published: March 2019

AbstractMinimization of the costs with simultaneous increase in the raw materials and energy use efficiency is a challenge for the modern world. One of the most effective tools to solve this task is the use of process intensification (PI), first proposed by Ramshaw C. The incentive for process intensification, Proceedings, 1st Intl. Conf. Proc. Intensif. for Chem. Ind., 18, BHR Group, London, 1995, p. 1. and then extended by Stankiewicz AI, Moulijn JA. Process intensification: transforming chemical engineering. Chem Eng Prog 2000: 22–34. In the presented review, some principles of PI in chemical engineering and their application for wide variety of processes is discussed. The role of the Russian scientist with a research background is carried out in other countries.
Elements of Peircean phenomenology: From categories to signs by way of grounds
Authors: Sonesson Göran 
Published: March 2019

AbstractIt is curious facts that Peirce scholars tends to take the three Peircean categories for granted, whereas Peirce himself claimed they must be derived by means of phenomenology, later rebaptized phaneroscopy. As I have suggested elsewhere, this is the essential difference between Peircean and Husserlean phenomenology, which are in other respects identical, whether or not there is a historical connection. I have tried to show that the meanings of the three categories, so differently epitomized in Peirce’s numerous writings, can (more or less) be reduced to common denominators. Quite independently of this, I suggested in some earlier work that, by taking our point of departure in Peirce’s notion of “ground” as being that which differentiates the different kinds of signs, we can account for iconicity, indexicality, and symbolicity, quite apart from their embodiment in signs. The task of the present paper is to investigate to what extent this two threesomes can be related to each other.
Statistical Mechanics of Thermotransport of a Heavy Impurity in an Insulating Solid
Authors: Allnatt A. R. 
Published: March 2019

Abstract
A kinetic equation is derived for the singlet distribution function for a heavy impurity in a lattice of lighter atoms in a temperature gradient. In the one dimensional case the equation can be solved to find formal expressions for the jump probability and hence the heat of transport, q*. for a single vacancy jump of the impurity, q* is the sum of the enthalpy of activation, a term involving only averaging in an equilibrium ensemble, and two non-equilibrium terms in­volving time correlation functions. The most important non-equilibrium term concerns the cor­relation between the force on the impurity and a microscopic heat flux. A plausible extension to three dimensions is suggested and the relation to earlier isothermal and non-isothermal theories is indicated
Observation of Void Formation Induced by Electromigration in Metallic Films *,**
Authors: Ho P. S. , Glowinski L. D. 
Published: March 2019

Abstract
Observation has been made on void formation induced by electromigration in single crystal and bicrystal (100) Au films and polycrystalline Al films. In the Au film, voids were observed to be bound by crystal planes with low surface energies, and dislocations appeared to be the preferred sites for void formation. In the Al film, void formation was observed to begin at grain boundaries or grain boundary junctions. Under our experimental conditions, the formation of voids and hillocks is determined by the local concentration of defects at the grain boundary, but the overall effect is determined by the divergence of the diffusion flux under a temperature gradient
Seif Diffusion of Liquid 6Li and 7Li as Measured by Nuclear Magnetic Resonance
Authors: Krüger G. J. , Müller-Warmuth W. , Klemm A. 
Published: March 2019

Abstract
The self-diffusion coefficients of liquid 6Li and 7Li have been measured using NMR spin echo techniques with pulsed gradients. In the experimental procedure, and in the sample preparation, particular attention has been paid to a relative, rather than to an absolute measurement. At 190 °C, the ratio of the self-diffusion coefficients is found to be D6 (x6 = 1) / D7 (x7 = 1) = 1.09 ± 0.06, in agree­ment with the square root of the mass ratio (m7-m6)1/2 = 1.08. In an atomic mixture of 80% 6Li and 20% 7Li, D6 (x6 = 0.8)/D7 (x6 = 0.8) = 1.0 3 ± 0.08 has been obtained
On the Computation of Lattice Green's Functions by Sine Series Expansions
Authors: Ra O. 
Published: March 2019

Abstract
Mahanty has pointed out that by expanding the imaginary part of a lattice Green’s function in a sine series, direct numerical treatment of the principal value integral which determines the real part of a Green’s function of real argument can be circumvented. Here Mahanty’s result is extended to cover Green’s functions of purely imaginary arguments. Also, alternative expressions which, in certain cases, simplify numerical computations are recorded. Whereas the aforemention­ed formulas are of quite general validity, an included recurrence relation, which links defect induced changes in moments of the frequency distribution with the Fourier coefficients, is re­stricted to the case of a mass defect in a diagonally cubic lattice. The prospects of applying Mahanty’s method to moderately complex polyatomic crystals are assessed on the basis of com­putations pertaining to alkaline earth fluorides. It is found, through studying simple point de­fects in CaF2, SrF2, and BaF2, that by truncating the sine series expansions when associated functionals assume satisfactory values at functions which are constants on the set of phonon frequencies, one obtains sets of Fourier coefficients containing sufficient information to cover a variety of defect properties. Also the number of Fourier coefficients is no larger than to preserve a chief merit of the method, namely the provision of a convenient way of condensing and storing information. For the type of lattices considered Mahanty’s way of evaluating Fourier coefficients is found to be impracticable. However, upon supplementing the sine series expansion method by an adaptation of Gilat’s extrapolation procedure for frequency spectra, Brillouin zone integra­tions involving rapidly varying functions become redundant
Studies on the PMR Spectra of Oxetanes. III. 2-Methyloxetane
Authors: Jokisaari Jukka 
Published: March 2019

Abstract
The 60 MHz PMR sub-spectral analysis of 2-methyloxetane (A3BCDEF spin system) has been carried out approximating some weak couplings to zero. The proton chemical shifts and the proton-proton couplings are reported. Also the proton chemical shifts of symmetrically substituted 2,2-di-methyloxetane and 3,3-dimethyloxetane have been investigated. The anisotropy and inductive effects of the methyl groups, together with the evidently nonplanar structure of the oxetane ring in 2-methyloxetane, affect the spectral parameters of the protons under inspection
On Designing Distribution-Free Homogeneously Weighted Moving Average Control Charts
Authors: Raza Muhammad Ali , Nawaz Tahir , Han Dong 
Published: March 2019

Abstract
There are many practical situations in which the underlying process distribution is either completely unknown or partially known but deviates from normality. In such cases, the performance of the traditional parametric control charts deteriorates, and nonparametric control charts are considered as a robust alternative for monitoring the process. In this article, two new nonparametric homogeneously weighted moving average (NPHWMA) control charts are proposed for monitoring the deviations in process location from the target value. The proposed charts assign a specific weight to the current sample information, and the remaining weight is equally distributed among the previous samples. The proposed NPHWMA charts are based on sign test and Wilcoxon signed-rank test for process monitoring under the skewed and symmetric distributions, respectively. The Monte Carlo simulations are used to study the run length properties and compare the performance of the proposed charts with some existing control charts. It is found that the proposed charts outperform their existing counterparts. Empirical illustrations are provided for practical implementation of the proposed charts.
Beyond Critical Period Learning: Striatal FoxP2 Affects the Active Maintenance of Learned Vocalizations in Adulthood
Authors: Day Nancy F. , Hobbs Taylor G. , Heston Jonathan B. , White Stephanie A. 
Published: March 2019

AbstractIn humans, mutations in the transcription factor forkhead box P2 (FOXP2) result in language disorders associated with altered striatal structure. Like speech, birdsong is learned through social interactions during maturational critical periods, and it relies on auditory feedback during initial learning and on-going maintenance. Hearing loss causes learned vocalizations to deteriorate in adult humans and songbirds. In the adult songbird brain, most FoxP2-enriched regions (e.g., cortex, thalamus) show a static expression level, but in the striatal song control nucleus, area X, FoxP2 is regulated by singing and social context: when juveniles and adults sing alone, its levels drop, and songs are more variable. When males sing to females, FoxP2 levels remain high, and songs are relatively stable: this “on-line” regulation implicates FoxP2 in ongoing vocal processes, but its role in the auditory-based maintenance of learned vocalization has not been examined. To test this, we overexpressed FoxP2 in both hearing and deafened adult zebra finches and assessed effects on song sung alone versus songs directed to females. In intact birds singing alone, no changes were detected between songs of males expressing FoxP2 or a GFP construct in area X, consistent with the marked stability of mature song in this species. In contrast, songs of males overexpressing FoxP2 became more variable and were less preferable to females, unlike responses to songs of GFP-expressing control males. In deafened birds, song deteriorated more rapidly following FoxP2 overexpression relative to GFP controls. Together, these experiments suggest that behavior-driven FoxP2 expression and auditory feedback interact to precisely maintain learned vocalizations.
An Ordinary Ship and Its Stories of Early Globalism
Authors: Heng Geraldine 
Published: March 2019

An ordinary ship and its cargo can tell the story of far-flung global markets, human voyaging, and early industrialization in China that supplied exports to the world. Sometime after 825 CE an Arab dhow set sail from the port of Guangzhou in coastal south China, having unloaded its goods from the Near East, and reloaded with some estimated 70,000 ceramics and other items, on its return voyage to the Abbasid empire. Taking the route that has been called “the maritime silk road,” this hand-sewn ship made of planks fastened with coconut fiber (without any nails) seems to have decided to offload some cargo first in maritime Southeast Asia, perhaps intending to pick up a secondary cargo of spices, resins, and aromatics for which the Indonesian islands were famed. The dhow sank near the island of Belitung, at a reef called Batu Hitam (“Black Rock”).
Fifty-five thousand ceramic wares, along with gold and silver ornaments, ingots, mirrors, ewers, vases, jars, cups, incense burners, boxes, flasks, bottles, graters, and the like—and two objects that may have been children’s toys, and a re-soldered gold bracelet sized for a woman’s wrist—were excavated intact in 1998, and are housed at the Asian Civilisations Museum in Singapore. This ninth-century dhow is the only ship of its kind ever recovered, though hand-sewn ships that plied the Indian Ocean are described in travel accounts from as early as the first-century CE. The dhow is a remarkable example of the global ships carrying people, goods, ideas, religion, and culture, which knit the world into relationship along transoceanic routes. Its vast trove of ceramics is the earliest physical evidence attesting the industrial production of ceramics in China for export to foreign markets as early as the Tang Dynasty (618–907). Designs painted on the great majority of the ceramic wares were favored in the export market, not in China.
Part of the trove includes prototypes of blue-and-white ceramics for which China would become famous 400 years later: ceramic experiments that feature Iraqi designs attesting global interrelationships in art and the exchange of ideas. The crews of ships such as this one were multiracial, multireligious, and assembled from everywhere: The cargo, knowledges, and stories these diverse, anonymous voyagers helped to transfer across the world transform our understanding of scale, time, and globalism.
An Improvement Method for Semantic Mapping Database to Ontology
Authors: Pham Thuy Thi Thu 
Published: March 2019

Enormous amount of available data in relational database (RDB) format creates a demand for automatic transforming them into OWL ontology to reuse in the Semantic Web. Many approaches have been proposed, however, most of them simply generate output ontology as the same flat structure with the original database and result in redundancy of ontology data. As an attempt to resolve the redundant problem, we propose a novel approach to generate OWL ontology from relational database while focusing on the similarity measure of duplicate attributes in relational tables. Experimental results show that the proposed method reliably predicts semantic similarity of duplicate columns and produces a better-quality OWL ontology.
Product sub-vector quantization for feature indexing
Authors: Pham The-Anh , Le Dinh-Nghiep , Nguyen Thi-Lan-Phuong 
Published: March 2019

This work addresses the problem of feature indexing to significantly accelerate the matching process which is commonly known as a cumbersome task in many computer vision applications. To this aim, we propose to perform product sub-vector quantization (PSVQ) to create finer representation of underlying data while still maintaining reasonable memory allocation. In addition, the quantized data can be jointly used with a clustering tree to perform approximate nearest search very efficiently. Experimental results demonstrate the superiority of the proposed method for different datasets in comparison with other methods.
Changes in Nonmotor Symptoms Following an 8-Week Yoga Intervention for People with Parkinson's Disease
Authors: Walter Alysha A. , Adams Em V. , Van Puymbroeck Marieke , Crowe Brandi M. , Urrea-Mendoza Enrique , Hawkins Brent L. , Sharp Julia , Woschkolup Kathleen , Revilla Freddy J. , Schmid Arlene A. 
Published: March 2019

Abstract
Parkinson's disease (PD) is a neurodegenerative disorder marked by progressive degenerative motor symptoms (e.g., tremors, impaired balance and gait) and nonmotor symptoms (e.g., fatigue, sleep disturbances, pain) that can negatively influence health-related quality of life (HRQoL). Previous studies have shown that yoga for individuals with PD improves balance, strength, and mobility. However, little research has been conducted to determine the effect of yoga on nonmotor symptoms of PD. The purpose of this study was to examine changes in nonmotor symptoms among individuals with PD following an 8-week yoga intervention. Data used for analyses were part of a larger study that researched improvements in motor function for individuals with PD. Participants (N = 27) were randomly assigned to experimental (n = 15) and control (n = 12) groups and completed pre- and postintervention quantitative measures. Within-group improvements were statistically significant for fatigue measured by the Parkinson's Fatigue Scale, balance confidence measured by the Activities Balance Confidence Scale, the belief in one's ability to manage falls measured by the Falls Management Scale, activity constraints measured by the Activities Constraint Questionnaire, and PD-specific quality of life measured by the Parkinson's Disease Questionnaire-8. Across-group changes were statistically significant for activity constraints. Findings indicate yoga may be an efficacious intervention for improving nonmotor symptoms as well as HRQoL for individuals with PD.
BİST-100 ENDEKSİNDE MUHASEBE KARLARI VE HİSSE SENEDİ FİYATLARI İLİŞKİSİ ÜZERİNE BİR ARAŞTIRMA
Authors: GÖR Yusuf , TEKİN Bilgehan 
Published: March 2019

Hisse
senedi fiyatlarını etkileyen bir çok makro ve mikro etmen bulunmaktadır. Bu
etmenlerden bazıları yatırımcıların kararlarını etkileyerek hisse senedi
fiyatını değiştirmektedir. Bu doğrultuda yatırımcıların yatırım kararlarını
şekillendiren önemli unsurlardan biri de şirketlerin finansal raporlarıdır. Bu
çalışmanın amacı şirketlerin finansal raporlarından rasyolar aracılığıyla
bulunan karlılık ölçütleri kullanılarak elde edilen muhasebe karlarının hisse
senedi fiyatına olan etkisini tespit etmektir. Bu amaçla 2009-2017 yılları
arasında Borsa İstanbul 100 Endeksinde sürekli olarak yer alan şirketlerin mali
tabloları ve hisse senedi fiyatlarından veriler elde edilmiştir. Şirketlerden
elde edilen veriler panel veri analizi, regresyon analizi ve Granger
nedensellik testi ile analiz edilmiştir.
Analiz sonucunda muhasebe karının hisse senedi fiyatlarını etkilediği
tespit edilmiştir. Özellikle muhasebe karını, literatürde en yaygın olarak
temsil eden aktif karlılığının hisse senedi fiyatını olumlu yönde etkilediği
anlaşılmıştır. Diğer taraftan net kar marjı da hisse senedi fiyatını olumlu
yönde etkileyen bir başka değişken olarak ortaya çıkmıştır. Çalışma neticesinde
elde edilen sonuçlar literatürle ve beklentilerle uyumlu çıkmıştır.