bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Lateral neural borders as precursors of peripheral nervous systems: A comparative view across bilaterians
Authors: Zhao Di , Chen Siyu , Liu Xiao 
Published: December 2018

AbstractThe nervous systems in most bilaterians are centralized, composed of central nervous systems (CNS) and peripheral nervous systems (PNS). Common molecular and cellular patterns of medial nerve cords have been observed in various distantly related bilaterians, suggesting deep homology of CNS. The development patterns of PNS, however, are more diverse than CNS across different phylogenetic lineages and the evolution of PNS so far has been thought to be polygenic. The molecular and cellular programs during the development of PNS among different bilaterian branches are drastically different. For example, vertebrate PNS is essentially derived from neural crest cells and placodes, which are largely vertebrate innovations and do not exist in invertebrates. On the other hand, the lack of common precursor cell types does not necessarily lead to the conclusion of different evolutionary origins. Homology needs to be examined with a deeper and broader scope. In this review, we examined the molecular, cellular and developmental characteristics of PNS in a broad range of bilaterians to summarize our current understanding of variation and potentially conserved themes. These comparisons demonstrate that there exist both migratory and non‐migratory neuroblasts in the lateral border of CNS precursors in most model bilaterian animals. These lateral border neuroblasts are specified by conserved gene regulatory network and give rise to sensory neurons, suggesting that lateral border neuroblasts represent the progenitor of PNS and share deep homology among different branches of Bilateria. Future studies are needed to elucidate the evo‐devo mechanisms of the lateral neural borders as PNS progenitors.
Differences in pediatric and adult epilepsy surgery: A comparison at one center from 1990 to 2014
Authors: Cloppenborg Thomas , May Theodor W. , Blümcke Ingmar , Fauser Susanne , Grewe Philip , Hopf Johanna L. , Kalbhenn Thilo , Polster Tilman , Schulz Reinhard , Woermann Friedrich G. , Bien Christian G. 
Published: December 2018

SummaryObjectiveSurgical volumes at large epilepsy centers are decreasing. Pediatric cohorts, however, show a trend toward more resections and superior outcome. Differences in pediatric and adult epilepsy surgery were investigated in our cohort.MethodsThe Bethel database between 1990 and 2014 was retrospectively analyzed.ResultsA total of 1916 adults and 1300 children underwent presurgical workup. The most common etiologies were medial temporal sclerosis (35.4%) in adults, and focal cortical dysplasias (21.1%) and diffuse hemispheric pathologies (14.7%) in children. Only 1.4% of the total cohort had normal histopathology. A total of 1357 adults (70.8%) and 751 children (57.8%) underwent resections. Surgery types for children were more diverse and showed a higher proportion of extratemporal resections (32.8%) and functional hemispherectomies (20.8%). Presurgical evaluations increased in both groups; surgical numbers remained stable for children, but decreased in the adult group from 2007 on. The patients’ decision against surgery in the adult nonoperated cohort increased over time (total = 44.9%, 27.4% in 1995‐1998 up to 53.2% in 2011‐2014; for comparison, in children, total = 22.1%, stable over time). Postsurgical follow‐up data were available for 1305 adults (96.2%) and 690 children (91.9%) 24 months after surgery. The seizure freedom rate was significantly higher in children than in adults (57.8% vs 47.5%, P < 0.001) and significantly improved over time (P = 0.016).SignificancePediatric epilepsy surgery has stable surgical volumes and renders more patients seizure‐free than epilepsy surgery in adults. A relative decrease in hippocampal sclerosis, the traditional substrate of epilepsy surgery, changes the focus of epilepsy surgery toward other pathologies.
Coping with information gaps in stock productivity for rebuilding and achieving maximum sustainable yield for grouper–snapper fisheries
Authors: Harford William J , Sagarese Skyler R , Karnauskas Mandy 
Published: December 2018

AbstractMaintaining fish stocks at optimal levels is a goal of fisheries management worldwide; yet, this goal remains somewhat elusive, even in countries with well‐established fishery data collection, assessment and management systems. Achieving this goal often requires knowledge of stock productivity, which can be challenging to obtain due to both data limitations and the complexities of marine populations. Thus, scientific information can lag behind fishery policy expectations in this regard. Steepness of the stock–recruitment relationship affects delineation of target biomass level reference points, a problem which is often circumvented by using a proxy fishing mortality rate (F) in place of the rate associated with maximum sustainable yield (FMSY). Because MSY is achieved in the long term only if an F proxy is happenstance with FMSY, characterizing productivity information probabilistically can support reference point delineation. For demersal stocks of equatorial and tropical regions, we demonstrate how the use of a prior probability distribution for steepness can help identify suitable F proxies. F proxies that reduce spawning biomass per recruit to a target percentage of the unfished quantity (i.e., SPR) of 40% to 50% SPR had the highest probabilities of achieving long‐term MSY. Rebuilding was addressed through closed‐loop simulation of broken‐stick harvest control rules. Similar biomass recovery times were demonstrated for these rules in comparison with more information‐intensive rebuilding plans. Our approach stresses science‐led advancement of policy through a lens of information limitations, which can make the assumptions behind rebuilding plans more transparent and align management expectations with biological outcomes.
Ischemic complications after percutaneous radiofrequency ablation of liver tumors: Liver volume loss and recovery
Authors: Wake Taijiro , Tateishi Ryosuke , Nakagomi Ryo , Fujiwara Naoto , Kinoshita Mizuki Nishibatake , Nakatsuka Takuma , Sato Masaya , Minami Tatsuya , Uchino Koji , Enooku Kenichiro , Nakagawa Hayato , Asaoka Yoshinari , Tanaka Yasuo , Shiina Shuichiro , Koike Kazuhiko 
Published: December 2018

AimThe liver regrows after acute liver injury and liver resection. However, it is not clear whether the liver regenerates in advanced cirrhosis. This study aimed to evaluate the clinical course of, and liver volume change after, ischemic liver complications caused by radiofrequency ablation (RFA) of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC).MethodsWe enrolled 35 patients with ischemic complications after RFA. Ischemic complications were defined as rapid elevation of aspartate aminotransferase (AST) to over 500 U/L, with typical radiological findings. Patient characteristics and the ischemic liver volume were investigated. Long‐term liver volume changes at 3–8 months after ischemic complications were also assessed in 32 patients. We also assessed the overall survival rate after ischemic complications.ResultsThe median value of peak AST was 798 U/L (range, 531–4096 U/L). The median ischemic liver volume relative to the functional liver volume before RFA was 13% (range, 3.1–46.5%). There was a strong correlation between the peak AST value and the ischemic liver volume (r = 0.84, P < 0.001). The liver volume recovered to some extent in 18 of 32 (56%) patients after ischemic complications. The survival rate after ischemic complications was 45.7% at 5 years and correlated with the functional liver volume after ischemic complications (P = 0.02).ConclusionsIschemic complications after RFA can lead to massive liver parenchymal loss. Although the liver volume recovered to some extent in the majority of our patients, ischemic liver complications after RFA should be avoided to improve the overall survival rate.
Costos diferenciados de la austeridad según el género: Efectos del régimen de bienestar y de las políticas de empleo en países de la OCDE, 2000–2013
Authors: KUSHI Sidita , McMANUS Ian P. 
Published: December 2018

ResumenSe propone un análisis pormenorizado del efecto diferenciado en el desempleo, según el género, de las políticas aplicadas durante la recesión económica en 28 países de la OCDE. Para determinar la influencia de los regímenes de bienestar se utilizan modelos de efectos aleatorios y datos de 2000 a 2013. Los resultados reflejan el efecto significativo del régimen de bienestar, incluso independientemente de la crisis, a través del nivel de gasto social y la dinámica del empleo público, que fundamentalmente afectan a la mujer. El análisis detenido de las políticas destaca la necesidad de alternativas a las políticas de austeridad; los autores concluyen con propuestas afines.
Un pacto entre dos mundos: El trabajo desde el domicilio y el funcionamiento familiar en Australia
Authors: DOCKERY Alfred M. , BAWA Sherry 
Published: December 2018

ResumenUtilizando datos de panel de hogares de Australia recogidos entre 2001 y 2013 en 48 modelos multivariados, este estudio analiza cómo perciben el funcionamiento familiar las parejas de quienes trabajan desde el domicilio. Hay datos que demuestran el efecto benéfico de esta opción laboral sobre la relación de pareja y el reparto de las responsabilidades domésticas cuando hay hijos. Se observan pocos indicios de externalidades negativas, en especial cuando el asalariado varón trabaja muchas horas desde el domicilio. Las conclusiones contribuyen al peso de la evidencia de que el trabajo desde el domicilio mejora la conciliación del trabajo y la vida familiar.
Medición mediante un diseño cuasi experimental de la eficacia de un programa empresarial de inclusión de personas con discapacidad
Authors: FOLGUERA‐i‐BELLMUNT Conxita , FERNÁNDEZ‐i‐MARÍN Xavier , BATISTA‐FOGUET Joan Manuel 
Published: December 2018

ResumenSe investiga un programa empresarial de inclusión de personas con discapacidad con objeto de reducir el absentismo por enfermedad y por lesión. Tras observaciones de campo y entrevistas para determinar las características del programa, se aplicó un diseño cuasi experimental con dos grupos de control no equivalentes sin tratamiento y una serie temporal de 2005–2012. Mediante regresión binomial negativa jerárquica y una variable de resultado retardada, se compararon los datos de los trabajadores con discapacidad participantes con los no participantes y con los trabajadores sin discapacidad. Observamos una reducción de las ausencias por enfermedad entre los participantes, y también de las ausencias por lesión, aunque con resultados menos concluyentes.
Compound motor action potential guided 240 seconds plus bonus freeze for safe and durable left atrial appendage isolation in patients with recurrent persistent atrial fibrillation: How to isolate the appendage with cryoballoon (the CMAP guided ICE‐B protocol)
Authors: Chen Shaojie , Schmidt Boris , Bordignon Stefano , Perrotta Laura , Bologna Fabrizio , Nagase Takahiko , Chun K. R. Julian 
Published: December 2018

AbstractIntroductionPulmonary vein isolation (PVI) is the cornerstone ablation strategy for treatment of atrial fibrillation (AF). Ablation outside the PVs is sometimes needed particularly in persistent or longstanding AF. This study reported left atrial appendage isolation (LAAI) using cryoballoon (CB) focusing on technical data and short‐term clinical follow‐up.Methods and resultsPatients with recurrent persistent AF after multiple AF procedures were enrolled. LAAI was performed using the second generation CB guided by compound motor action potential (CMAP) and 240 seconds plus bonus freeze (ICE‐B) protocol. Ten patients were included, median age was 69.5 (56‐73) years, CHA2DS
2‐VASc score was 3 (1.8‐4), LA diameter was 44 (38.8‐46.5) mm. All patients had a mean of three AF procedures before the LAAI procedure. All patients were under successful CMAP guidance. During the CB LAAI procedure, the median time to LAA isolation was 100 (76‐270) seconds, minimal freeze temperature was −50 (−57 to −47)°C. A “pull‐down (or pull‐away)” CB maneuver was performed in all patients. Median fluoroscopic time was 4.8 (3.4‐6.8) minutes and acute LAAI success rate was 100%. No phrenic nerve injury or other major complications were observed. At 6‐week follow‐up, remapping of the LAA showed durable isolation of all PVs (100%), all patients were scheduled for LAA occlusion. Six‐month follow‐up showed that 80% of patients were free from AF/AT recurrence.ConclusionCMAP plus ICE‐B guided LAAI using cryo‐technology appears feasible and safe, results in durable LAAI, and shows promising clinical results in patients with recurrent persistent AF.
First record of the siricid Urocerus albicornis, an invasive alien pest, in the Czech Republic
Authors: Háva Jiří , Holuša Jaroslav 
Published: December 2018

AbstractOne male of the horntail wasp Urocerus albicornis was found in the Czech Republic in 2018. The male probably emerged from imported timber, although it may have originated from an established population because it was collected during the flight period.
Who Finances Durable Goods and Why It Matters: Captive Finance and the Coase Conjecture
Authors: MURFIN JUSTIN , PRATT RYAN 
Published: December 2018

ABSTRACTWe propose that, by financing their own product sales through captive finance subsidiaries, durable goods manufacturers commit to higher resale values for their products in future periods. Using data on captive financing by the manufacturers of heavy equipment, we find that captive‐backed models have lower price depreciation. The evidence is consistent with captive finance helping manufacturers commit to ex‐post actions that support used machine prices. This, in turn, conveys higher pledgeability for captive‐backed products, even for individual machines financed by banks. Although motivated as a rent‐seeking device, captive financing generates positive spillovers by relaxing credit constraints.
Protein and peptide profiles in neonatal meconium
Authors: Lisowska‐Myjak Barbara , Skarżyńska Ewa , Wojdan Konrad , Nasierowska‐Guttmejer Anna 
Published: December 2018

AbstractAimThe proteins accumulated in the meconium reflect the intrauterine environment and are naturally excreted by a neonate. The identification and classification of individual meconium proteins may be a valuable source of information about physiological and pathological processes in utero.MethodsProteomic analysis was used to study the protein composition in pooled 50 serial meconium portions from 10 neonates. The proteins were classified based on the gene ontology database. The amounts and relative number of proteins (%) in the identified categories and their subcategories were assessed.ResultsA total of 946 proteins identified in meconium, including 430 represented by two or more peptides were classified into three categories: biological process (n = 401), molecular function (n = 386) and cellular component (n = 422). The highest number of proteins (>25% of the total) was found in the subcategories: developmental processes, signaling, transport, response to stimulus, regulation, metabolic processes, ion binding, extracellular region, membrane and cytoplasm.ConclusionThe composition of meconium proteins identified in this study may be a rich source of new biomarkers for use in neonatology with a potential to predict later development.
Effect of sleep restriction on somatosensory sensitivity in the oro‐facial area: An experimental controlled study
Authors: Kamiyama Hirona , Iida Takashi , Nishimori Hideta , Kubo Hideyuki , Uchiyama Makoto , De Laat Antoon , Lavigne Gilles , Komiyama Osamu 
Published: December 2018

SummaryBackgroundNo studies have addressed the effect of SR on somatosensory function in the oro‐facial area.ObjectivesThe aim of this study was to investigate the effect of sleep restriction (SR) on the somatosensory perception of the tip of the tongue.Materials and MethodsUsing a crossover study design, 13 healthy participants took part in a random order, to a two arms experiments: the SR and control/no SR‐arms. For all participants, the Epworth Sleepiness Scale (ESS) was used to assess sleepiness and mechanical sensitivity, and pain detection threshold was estimated at the tongue tip and right thumb (as a body area control site). In the SR‐arm of the study, on day one, we estimated sensory baseline perception and repeated tests on day two, after a night of voluntary SR, and on day 3, after a recovery night. In the second arm, same sensory tests were done but no SR was requested.ResultsSignificantly more sleepiness was observed after SR in comparison with baseline and recovery testing days (P < 0.05). After SR, mechanical pain threshold on the tip of the tongue was significantly lower on day after SR (day 2) and a rebound, higher values, were observed on the third day (P < 0.05); no difference on thumb site. In the control arm, no SR and no significant differences between days were observed for all the variables of interest.ConclusionsThe present results suggest that SR may affect somatosensory perception in the oro‐facial area.
Development and validation of a new glaucoma screening test using temporally modulated flicker
Authors: Fidalgo Bruno R , Jindal Anish , Tyler Christopher W , Ctori Irene , Lawrenson John G 
Published: December 2018

AbstractPurposeDescribing the psychometric characteristics and diagnostic accuracy of the Accelerator 4‐Alternative Forced‐Choice Flicker Test prototype (A4FTp) for detecting chronic open angle glaucoma (COAG).MethodsA4FTp measures temporally‐modulated flicker thresholds in regions of the visual field with high susceptibility to glaucomatous loss. We initially evaluated its psychometric properties on 20 normals (aged 33.8 ± 8.5 years) who were tested multiple times over a period of 3 months. All subjects underwent four repetitions for shorter (T8) and longer (T12) staircase termination criteria, to determine the most suitable threshold criterion. Four randomly selected subjects underwent a total of 10 repetitions to study test‐retest repeatability and learning effects. To determine its diagnostic accuracy, one eye of 40 participants with COAG and 38 normal controls were tested with the A4FTp in comparison with the Frequency Doubling Technology (FDT; C20‐5 programme) and iVue Spectral Domain Optical Coherence Tomography (SD‐OCT). Tests were conducted in a random order with results masked to the clinician conducting the reference ophthalmic examination. The accuracy of each test was determined by analysis of the area under the receiver operator characteristic curve (AUROC).ResultsA4FTp flicker thresholds were stable, with standard deviations of only 0.52 decilog (dL) for T8, increasing to 1.32 dL for T12, and no significant flicker sensitivity threshold improvement over the 10 repeat runs. T8 was superior to T12 on several other measures, so it was used for the remaining comparisons. In terms of diagnostic accuracy, the mean AUROC for the three tests were A4FTp [T8 criterion; 0.82, 95% confidence interval (0.73–0.92)]; SD‐OCT [any RNFL parameter p < 1% level; 0.90 (0.83–0.97)]; and FDT [one or more locations missed at p < 5% level; 0.91 (0.82–0.96)]. There was no statistical difference in AUROC between A4FTp and SD‐OCT (p = 0.18) or FDT (p = 0.12). The A4FTp test duration averaged just over 2 min per eye, taking approximately one‐third of the time for completion of the HFA SITA 24‐2 algorithm (conducted as part of the reference examination) and twice the time for the suprathreshold FDT.ConclusionTest accuracy for the A4FTp was comparable to those of the FDT and SD‐OCT for the detection of COAG. Time taken to complete the A4FTp was relatively short and initial results are promising. With further refinement, the A4FTp could have a future role in glaucoma detection.
Efficient generation of CLPG1‐edited rabbits using the CRISPR/Cas9 system
Authors: Wan Yongjie , Guo Rihong , Deng Mingtian , Liu Zhifei , Pang Jing , Zhang Guomin , Wang Zhibo , Wang Feng 
Published: December 2018

ContentsThe sheep callipyge (CLPG) phenotype, a well‐known muscular hypertrophy syndrome, is caused by an A‐to‐G transition in the CLPG1 locus. The mechanisms of CLPG phenotype are very complicated and remain to be further studied. Lacking suitable animal models containing CLPG mutations may partially contribute to these unanswered mechanisms. In this study, we confirmed that the CLPG1 locus, especially the 12‐bp CLPG1 motif, is conserved in mammalian animals including rabbit. Then, we generated seven CLPG1‐edited rabbits with 100% efficiency using CRISPR/Cas9 system combined with cytoplasm injection technology. All the newborn rabbits were mosaicism with numerous kinds of mutations around the target sites. Among the nine screened potential off‐target sites (POTs) for the two sgRNAs used in this study, none off‐target effect was detected. This indicated that we efficiently and precisely generated CLPG1‐edited rabbits, and we believe that these newly generated rabbits will do help to unravel the mechanisms of the CLPG phenotype in the future.
Predictive Modeling and Categorizing Likelihoods of Quarantine Pest Introduction of Imported Propagative Commodities from Different Countries
Authors: Kim ByeongJoon , Hong Seung Cheon , Egger Daniel , Katsar Catherine S. , Griffin Robert L. 
Published: December 2018

AbstractThe present study investigates U.S. Department of Agriculture inspection records in the Agricultural Quarantine Activity System database to estimate the probability of quarantine pests on propagative plant materials imported from various countries of origin and to develop a methodology ranking the risk of country–commodity combinations based on quarantine pest interceptions. Data collected from October 2014 to January 2016 were used for developing predictive models and validation study. A generalized linear model with Bayesian inference and a generalized linear mixed effects model were used to compare the interception rates of quarantine pests on different country–commodity combinations. Prediction ability of generalized linear mixed effects models was greater than that of generalized linear models. The estimated pest interception probability and confidence interval for each country–commodity combination was categorized into one of four compliance levels: “High,” “Medium,” “Low,” and “Poor/Unacceptable,” Using K‐means clustering analysis. This study presents risk‐based categorization for each country–commodity combination based on the probability of quarantine pest interceptions and the uncertainty in that assessment.
Transmission of hepatitis C virus in the dialysis setting and strategies for its prevention
Authors: Nguyen Duc B. , Bixler Danae , Patel Priti R. 
Published: December 2018

AbstractHepatitis C virus (HCV) infection is more common among hemodialysis patients than the general population and transmission of HCV in dialysis clinics has been reported. In the context of the increased morbidity and mortality associated with HCV infection in the end stage renal disease population, it is important that dialysis clinics have processes in place for ensuring recommended infection control practices, including Standard Precautions, through regular audits and training of the staff. This review will summarize the epidemiology of HCV infection and risk factors for HCV transmission among hemodialysis patients. In addition, the proper protocols are required to investigate suspected cases of HCV transmission in dialysis facilities and recommendations for prevention of HCV transmission in will be reviewed.