bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Exploring preferences and support needs for disclosing 47, XXY status: A qualitative study of adults with XXY
Authors: Oeckinghaus Cassandra , Zayhowski Kimberly , Horowitz Kayla , Haghighat Darius 
Published: November 2024

AbstractThere are minimal guidelines regarding the disclosure of XXY, otherwise called Klinefelter syndrome, in healthcare or within the family. The increased use of cell‐free DNA (cfDNA) to screen for fetal aneuploidy and sex chromosomes bolsters the importance of providing genetic counselors, other healthcare professionals (HCPs), and parents with XXY‐led disclosure information. The aim of this qualitative study was to discern the preferences of adults of XXY in the disclosure of XXY status across the lifespan to best inform the clinical and social aspects of their care. Fifteen semi‐structured interviews were conducted with adults with XXY to gain their perspective on healthcare and support needs, the impact their care has had on their perception and acceptance of XXY, as well as their disclosure preferences across age groups. Interviews were coded and analyzed using reflexive thematic analysis through a social constructivist lens, from which four themes were generated: (1) lack of support within the healthcare system affects quality of care; (2) stigma and shame impacts XXY individuals' decisions to disclose information to others; (3) communication of XXY genetic results to children should be thoughtful and age‐appropriate; and (4) attention to psychosocial needs is integral to comprehensive care. Novel findings of this study, which include the detrimental impacts of negative disclosure experiences on relationships with HCPs and self‐identity, underscore specific clinical and social support needs for individuals with XXY. This study highlights the need for specialized support across one's lifespan, particularly within interdisciplinary clinics staffed by HCPs knowledgeable about the overall health of individuals with XXY. Participants stress the importance of empathetic delivery of XXY status and discussions on sex and gender to mitigate shame and stigma. Advocating for ongoing support services, including referrals to specialists and mental health resources, participants also endorse a personalized approach to childhood disclosure by parents, or in collaboration with HCPs, aiming to preserve trust, empower the child, and consider their maturity level. This study emphasizes the importance of providing tailored support to individuals with XXY, prioritizing informed decision‐making, emotional well‐being, and holistic care.
Transfer of Rapport in a Simulated Investigative Interview
Authors: Duke Misty C. 
Published: November 2024

ABSTRACTRecent research into effective investigative interviewing practice has focused on the benefits of interviewer‐interviewee rapport to successful outcomes. However, little research has addressed whether rapport developed between the interviewee and other law enforcement interactants can be transferred to the interviewer‐interviewee relationship. In the current study, 121 college students participated in an interview about their participation in potentially embarrassing illegal or unethical behaviours after having interacted with an experimenter. Participants were randomly assigned to either a rapport‐building experimenter or a neutral experimenter and to either a rapport‐building interviewer or a neutral interviewer. Although interaction with a rapport‐building experimenter did not directly increase perceptions of rapport with the interviewer, across interviewer rapport‐building conditions, it did indirectly affect perceptions of rapport with the interviewer, through perceptions of rapport with the experimenter. Additionally, perceptions of rapport with a rapport‐building interviewer were higher when the experimenter also tried to build rapport. Perceptions of rapport with the experimenter were greater when the interviewer built rapport. These results have implications for strategic use of rapport‐building behaviours among multiple interviewees and for officers who have initial contact with potential interviewees.
Determination of Size, Size Distribution, and Concentration of Nanoparticles Using ICP‐MS in the Context of SERS Substrates
Authors: Horne Julie , Beckers Pierre , Kemik Kevser , De Bleye Charlotte , Sacré Pierre‐Yves , Thelen Nicolas , Hubert Philippe , Ziemons Eric , Hubert Cédric 
Published: November 2024

ABSTRACTSurface enhanced Raman scattering (SERS) is a widely used vibrational spectroscopic technique employing metallic nanostructures to enhance an inherent Raman signal. This study aimed to develop a method for the characterization of SERS substrates in a single analysis by inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP‐MS) equipped with the single particle module (spICP‐MS). For this development, the well‐known Lee‐Meisel protocol was selected as starting point to synthesize gold nanoparticles (AuNps) and silver nanoparticles (AgNps). A spICP‐MS method was successfully developed and gave the mean size, size distribution, and concentration of nanoparticles in only one single analysis. Reference techniques were used to confirm these results namely dynamic light scattering, transmission electron microscopy, and UV–Visible spectroscopy. Thanks to the ICP‐MS characterization, it was observed that AgNps synthesized by chemical reduction presented more variability than the AuNps. The dissolved elements concentration in the suspension was investigated. It appeared that reaction yields were close to 100% for the six syntheses. This analysis may be repeated over time to evaluate the suspension stability and monitor any potential degradation of Nps. To conclude, ICP‐MS is a powerful technique to characterize SERS substrates and could be an interesting alternative to other characterization techniques.
Development of shampoo formulations using plant/microbial biosurfactants as an alternative to shampoos formulated with harsh synthetic surfactants
Authors: Samadi Somayeh , Amani Hossein , Najafpour Ghasem D. , Kariminezhad Hasan , Banaei Abbas 
Published: November 2024

AbstractThe presence of harmful chemical surfactants such as sodium lauryl sulfate (SLS) in healthcare products is a challenge that world is facing today. The present study aimed to formulate novel green shampoos using rhamnolipid and saponin instead of chemical surfactants, and comparison with commercial shampoos. Biosurfactants were confirmed by thin layer and high‐performance liquid chromatography, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, proton nuclear magnetic resonance, and their performance was evaluated by zone inhibition and critical micelle concentration (CMC). The saponin and rhamnolipid reduced the surface tension (ST) of water from 72 to 40 and 30 mN/m at their CMCs, respectively. Four novel shampoo formulations were made with SLS, rhamnolipid, saponin, and a mixture of rhamnolipid and saponin. The green shampoos were evaluated with tests of color, odor, transparency, pH, ST, detergency, solid content, foam type, foam volume, wetting time and microbial contamination standard to determine the physicochemical properties. The green formulations with rhamnolipid, saponin and mixture of rhamnolipid and saponin were clear and transparent with a good odor. Low ST (34.13, 38.83, and 31.73 mN/m), good detergency (63.87%, 57.74%, and 64.45%), comparable solid contents (25.11%, 26.95%, and 27.50%), good wetting time (160, 165, and 153 s), and good foam stability even after 60 min were observed for three green shampoos, respectively. Based on the results, it can be concluded that these green shampoos can compete with commercial shampoos and be a suitable alternative to chemical shampoos containing sulfate and sulfate‐free, especially for children, people with eye and skin sensitivities and with oily hair.
Cultural group and self‐construal moderate the association between expressive suppression and posttraumatic stress disorder symptoms
Authors: Jobson Laura , Qiu Larissa Shiying , Wong Joshua , Li Haoxiang , Lies July , Lau Winnie , Bryant Richard A. , Liddell Belinda J. 
Published: November 2024

AbstractFew studies have considered the influence of cultural factors on the associations between posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) and key emotion regulation strategies, such as expressive suppression and reappraisal. This study investigated the influences of cultural background and self‐construal orientation on PTSD symptoms and both suppression and reappraisal. Chinese Australian (n = 129) and European Australian (n = 140) trauma survivors completed an online survey assessing suppression and reappraisal (Emotion Regulation Questionnaire), cultural values (Self Construal Scale), and PTSD symptoms (PTSD Checklist for DSM‐5). We hypothesized that participants in the Chinese Australian group would report higher levels of suppression and reappraisal than those in the European Australian group and that self‐construal and cultural group would moderate both the associations between PTSD symptoms and both suppression reappraisal. Correlation and moderation analyses were performed to examine these hypotheses. Chinese Australian participants reported higher levels of reappraisal than European Australian participants, ηp2 = .05, p < .001. Regardless of cultural group, there was no significant association between reappraisal and PTSD symptoms, B = 0.10, p = .849, 95% CI [−0.93,1.13]. Cultural group and self‐construal moderated the association between suppression and PTSD symptoms, ΔR2 = .02, p = .007, whereas a positive association was observed between suppression and PTSD symptoms; however, this association was not significant for Chinese Australians who endorsed higher levels of interdependence. These findings suggest that suppression may be less strongly associated with PTSD symptoms for Chinese Australians who value interdependence. This finding highlights the importance of considering cultural values in PTSD treatment approaches.
Imatinib Impedes EMT and Notch Signalling by Inhibiting p300 Acetyltransferase in Breast Cancer Cells
Authors: Sarkar Shilpi , Kandasamy Thirukumaran , Ghosh Siddhartha Sankar 
Published: November 2024

ABSTRACTBreast cancer remains a leading cause of cancer‐related mortality among women, with current therapeutic approaches often limited by resistance and recurrence, especially in aggressive subtypes like triple‐negative breast cancer. Drug repurposing has emerged as a promising strategy to address these challenges. In this study, we investigate the potential of Imatinib, a repurposed tyrosine kinase inhibitor, to inhibit epithelial‐mesenchymal transition (EMT) in breast cancer cells by modulating the Notch signalling pathway. Our findings reveal that Imatinib treatment leads to a significant reduction in cancer cell stemness, invasiveness, and migration potential, alongside decreased colony‐forming ability. EMT reversal was marked by a 2.71‐fold increase in E‐cadherin expression, with concurrent downregulation of mesenchymal markers, including Fibronectin (1.78‐fold) and Slug (2.15‐fold). Mechanistically, Imatinib was found to inhibit p300 acetyltransferase activity, resulting in reduced levels of H3K18Ac and H3K27Ac, which in turn led to the downregulation of key Notch pathway proteins such as HES1 (2.94‐fold), AKT (2.08‐fold), and p21 (1.88‐fold). These results highlight the ability of Imatinib to suppress EMT through modulation of the Notch signalling pathway, offering a novel therapeutic avenue for breast cancer treatment. Overall, Imatinib demonstrates considerable potential for repurposing in breast cancer management by targeting critical oncogenic pathways involved in EMT and cancer progression.
Research on the Collaborative Mechanism of Value Creation in Public–Private Partnership Projects Under Dynamic Trust
Authors: Bu Zehui , Liu Jicai , Lu Zujie 
Published: November 2024

ABSTRACTPublic–private partnership (PPP) is now focused on project value creation, with trust playing a crucial role. This study models trust evolution among stakeholders using evolutionary game theory and simulations, revealing that higher initial and sustained trust boosts project value. However, overreliance on trust can lead to deregulation and neglect of contracts, harming outcomes. Spillover effects and speculative behavior also threaten value creation. The study identifies an optimal incentive range for reputation gains, highlighting the need for balanced trust mechanisms, effective incentives, and penalties to ensure collaboration and project success.
Extended Activity Cliffs‐Driven Approaches on Data Splitting for the Study of Bioactivity Machine Learning Predictions
Authors: López‐Pérez Kenneth , Miranda‐Quintana Ramón Alain 
Published: November 2024

AbstractThe presence of Activity Cliffs (ACs) has been known to represent a challenge for QSAR modeling. With its high data dependency, Machine Learning QSAR models will be directly influenced by the activity landscape. We propose several extended similarity and extended SALI methods to study the implications of ACs distribution on the training and test sets on the model′s errors. Ununiform ACs and chemical space distribution tend to lead to worse models than the proposed uniform methods. ML modeling on AC‐rich sets needs to be analyzed case‐by‐case. Proposed methods can be used as a tool to study the datasets, but as far as generalization, random splitting was the better‐performing data splitting alternative overall.
Modeling and Simulation of Multi‐Material and Complex‐Shaped Gun Propellant Combustion in Closed Vessels
Authors: Lietz Martin 
Published: November 2024

AbstractThe geometric shape and material structure of gun propellant grains control the pressure evolution during combustion and, consequently, the performance of the ammunition. Due to the large number of degrees of freedom, additive manufacturing offers novel opportunities for grain shape and structure design. However, this new freedom necessitates the development of new algorithms for modeling and simulation of surface regression. In traditional combustion models, it is assumed that the propellant′s burn rate is a global quantity on its surface, which enables separate simulation of the surface regression and pressure evolution. To exploit the full potential of additive manufacturing and optimize designs for different applications, it is necessary to simulate grain structures with locally different burn rates on the surface. This work presents a model to simulate quantitatively the combustion of multi‐material and complex‐shaped solid propellant grains in a closed vessel for the first time. A lumped parameter pressure model is coupled with a surface regression simulation based on the level set method. The model is validated by comparison to analytical surface regression. Then, for the first time, a combustion simulation of a multi‐material ball propellant grain consisting of two hemispheres in a closed vessel is presented. Compared to a combustion simulation using global and weighted mean burn rate values, the pressure and vivacity curve shows significant differences. This demonstrates impressively that for predicting the performance potential of multi‐material and complex‐shaped solid gun propellant grains, a quantitative and accurate combustion simulation is indispensable.
Apparatus and Method for High‐Throughput Screening of Pyrotechnic Compositions
Authors: Carlucci Nicholas E. , Shaw Anthony P. , Motyka Mark D. , Poret Jay C. , Westerkamp Kelsey M. 
Published: November 2024

AbstractDuring early stages of the pyrotechnics research and development process, it is sometimes unclear what pyrotechnic characteristics a given composition will exhibit. Thermochemical modeling software can assist in determining whether or not a reaction is theoretically possible. However, these calculations and databases do not consider combustion kinetics. Additionally, without qualitative observation of a reaction, it is hard to determine what application a given formulation might be useful for. Initial testing methods do not need to be overly complicated to provide useful observational data for planning future experiments. In this article, one such method involving a channel burning apparatus based on interchangeable parts and designed for high‐throughput screening is presented. Its utility is demonstrated through rapid testing of 39 different pyrotechnic formulations. Across these 39 compositions, observed burning times spanned a range of more than four orders of magnitude. Even from tests involving few samples, stark differences in combustion times and qualitative characteristics are apparent. Advantages and disadvantages of such an apparatus and method are discussed.
“Come as you are”: Reconsidering the need for complex quality control when gridding crowd‐sourced weather data
Authors: de Baar Jouke H. S. , van der Schrier Gerard 
Published: November 2024

AbstractRecording hourly‐mean in situ observations of surface air temperature is a core task of most National Meteorological and Hydrological Services (NMHSs). Now, suppose that a user is looking for a best estimate of past or present air temperature at a user‐specified location. Can crowd‐sourced weather data help a NMHS to serve this need? In this work, we provide a quantitative answer to this question by computing the cross‐validation root‐mean‐squared error for 1704 individual time slices of observed air‐temperature data in the Netherlands over the year 2023. We consider two baseline services: (i) providing station data as a basis for nearest‐neighbour approximation, a service widely used in legal disputes, insurance claim evaluations, etc., and (ii) providing a gridded dataset, a technically more advanced current service. Our results indicate that service (i) is not expected to be improved by including crowd‐sourced data—for example, the observed relative success rate is 14%—while service (ii) is expected to be improved by multi‐fidelity blending with crowd‐sourced data—for example, the observed relative success rate is 91%. Furthermore, our observations indicate that state‐of‐the‐art, well‐tuned quality control of the crowd‐sourced data (i.e., removing 85% of the data) can—in some of the metrics—lead to improvements of the expected performance of service (i), but—in all metrics—degrades the expected performance of service (ii) significantly. We then continue with a sensitivity study of 96 individual time slices of synthetic air‐temperature data to further understand and nuance these conclusions. Zooming out to the larger perspective, when considering the need for quality control, our results indicate that, for service (i), fewer crowd‐sourced data is better, while, for service (ii), more crowd‐sourced data is better.
Stakeholder treatment disparity and employee whistleblowing: A multi‐stakeholder, multidimensional framework of social comparison
Authors: Qian Cuili , Liu Yilin , Takeuchi Riki , Wu Junfeng 
Published: November 2024

AbstractResearch SummaryWe integrate social comparison theory into stakeholder research to develop a multi‐stakeholder, multidimensional framework to investigate how firms' relative treatment of employees affects employee whistleblowing. We theorize that a higher compensation disparity between the CEO and employees and treatment disparity between external stakeholders and employees will decrease employees' loyalty, leading to more external whistleblowing. The effects will be amplified with increased external labor market mobility. We use a multi‐method approach to test these predictions. In Study 1, we rely on archival data to test the influence of treatment disparities on whistleblowing. In Study 2, with two experiments, we demonstrate causality and examine employee loyalty as the explanatory mediating mechanism. Our study contributes to stakeholder theory by highlighting the critical implications of stakeholder treatment disparities.Managerial SummaryThis study examines the relationship between firms' treatment toward employees and employee whistleblowing to an outside entity. External whistleblowing may generate unintended short‐term negative consequences for firms. Firms need to be aware of the potential reputational damage of external whistleblowing and make strategic decisions that could prevent such behavior. Based on data from US publicly listed firms from 1992 to 2013 as well as two experiments, we find that employees will make comparisons among different references groups (i.e., CEOs and other stakeholders). Unfavorable comparison will decrease employee loyalty toward the firms, leading to more whistleblowing. This effect is even stronger if employees have more opportunities in the external labor market. The results suggest that firms need to be careful about creating huge disparities in stakeholder treatment.
MXene Electrocatalysts: Transformative Approaches in Hydrogen Production with Alternative Anode Reactions
Authors: Sundarraj Sreenisa , Vadivel Neshanth , Murthy Arun Prasad , Theerthagiri Jayaraman , Choi Myong Yong 
Published: November 2024

AbstractWater electrolyzer is crucial for producing clean hydrogen, but the traditional approach faces challenges owing to the oxygen evolution reaction (OER) slow kinetics at the anode. Hybrid water splitting replaces the OER with the oxidation of an organic molecule to enhance hydrogen production along with value‐added products. The scarcity of affordable and highly effective catalysts remains a major challenge. MXene, a 2D nanomaterial, has gained substantial attention for its enviable properties, for instance high conductivity, hydrophilicity, and substantial surface area. This review discusses experimental methods for synthesizing MXene and MXene‐based nanocomposites. Furthermore, the small molecules oxidation such as benzyl alcohol, methanol, ethanol, urea, hydrazine, furfural, and formic acid as alternatives to the oxygen evolution reaction is examined. Finally, an understanding of imminent research and the development of MXene‐associated materials in electrocatalytic applications are presented.
Hierarchical Porous Structured Si/C Anode Material for Lithium‐Ion Batteries by Dual Encapsulating Layers for Enhanced Lithium‐Ion and Electron Transports Rates
Authors: Zhang Rui , Yu Peilun , Li Zhenwei , Shen Xiaoqing , Yu Yewei , Yu Jie 
Published: November 2024

AbstractSilicon (Si) is a promising anode material for next‐generation lithium‐ion batteries (LIBs) due to its high specific capacity and abundance. However, challenges such as significant volume expansion during cycling and poor electrical conductivity hinder its large‐scale application. In this study, the multifunction of sodium polyacrylate (PAAS) utilized to develop a hierarchical porous silicon–carbon anode (Si/SiOx@C) through a simple and efficient method. The hierarchical porous structure successively consists of nano‐silicon cores, SiOx encapsulating layers, surrounding space, and phenolic resin‐derived carbon shells with carbon chains connecting the SiOx layers and carbon shells in the space. The SiOx nanolayers promote Li⁺ transport, while excess PAAS, removed by washing, generates space for volume expansion, improving cycling performance. Residual carbon chains of PAAS and carbon shells form a conducting carbon network, enhancing electron transport and rate performance. As an anode for LIBs, the composite delivers a high reversible capacity of 685.3 mAh g⁻¹ after 1000 cycles at 1 C with a capacity retention rate of 54.7%. Full cells with the Si/SiOx@C anode and LiNi0.8Co0.1Mn0.1O2 cathode exhibit an excellent capacity retention rate of 96.8% after 200 cycles at 1 C. This work provides a novel approach for the rational design and engineering of advanced LIBs.