bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Demografi og triage af børn med akutte mavesmerter
Authors: Purup Thomas , Ahrensberg Jette Møller , Nikolajsen Lone 
Published: July 2019

Formålet med dette studie var primært at beskrive populationen af børn med mavesmerter i de danske akutmodtagelser. Det sekundære formål var at undersøge, om det danske triagesystem viser en tendens til at kunne detektere, hvem der har potentielt livstruende sygdomme (PLS – appendicitis anvendt som indikator), eller omvendt udelukke, hvem der ikke har.
Data for alle børn med ”mave- og flankesmerter” i skadestuen på Aarhus Universitetshospital (AUH) i 2017 er inkluderet i dette retroperspektive kohorte-studie. Børnene kategoriseres efter en række karakteristika (alder, køn mv.), og der er vist grafer over triagefordelingen for hver gruppe.
276 børn er inkluderet. Medianalderen var 12 år, med 46% drenge og 54% piger. De fleste havde stærke smerter (239 patienter; 87%) og 90 børn (33%) havde påvirkede vital-parametre. 148 børn (66%) fik en uspecifik diagnose, mens 94 børn (34%) fik en specifik. Appendicitis blev fundet i alle triagekategorier.
Data viser en tendens til, at en lav triagescore ikke udelukker PLS (som appendicitis). Det kan sammenfattes, at børn med mavesmerter præsenterer sig meget forskelligt, og at vitalparametrene ved ankomst ikke altid afspejler alvorligheden af den tilstand, som barnet indlægges med.
ENGLISH
The main aim of this study was to describe characteristics of children presenting with abdominal pain in a Danish Emergency Department (ED). The secondary aim was to assess if the present triage system in the Danish EDs is indicative of children with potentially life-threatening diseases (PLTD – appendicitis used as indicator).
Data of all children with “abdominal and flank pain” in the ED at Aarhus University Hospital (AUH) during 2017 were included in this retrospective cohort study. Patients were classified according to several characteristics (e.g. age, gender) and graphs of triage distribution were shown and compared.
A total of 276 children were included. Median age was 12 years, with 46% boys and 54% girls. Most patients had severe pain (239 patients, 87%) and 90 patients (33%) had affected vital parameters. A total of 148 patients (66%) got an unspecific diagnosis at discharge, while 94 patients (34%) got a specific diagnosis. Appendicitis was found in all triage categories.
Data show a tendency towards low triage not excluding PLTD (such as appendicitis). Also, data suggest that children with abdominal pain show a great variation in symptoms, and vital parameters at admission does not always reflect the severity of the child’s condition.
Alkohol og abstinenser på akutafdelingen - gør vi det godt nok?
Authors: Knudsen Heidi Hellerup , Svenningsen Louise May , Svenningsen Helle 
Published: July 2019

Abstract:
Baggrund: På akutafdelingen møder vi ofte patienter med et skadeligt alkoholforbrug. Behandlingen af deres abstinenser kan være kompliceret, og ikke ufarlig. Med baggrund i flere indberettede utilsigtede hændelser vedr. overdosering med Klopoxid, blev der i førsteforfatterens akutafdeling udarbejdet en instruks, der kunne støtte læger og sygeplejersker i behandling af alkoholabstinenser.
Formål: Formålet med denne artikel er, at føre læseren igennem vores studie og tydeliggøre vigtige resultater. Desuden ønsker vi at inspirere til tværfaglig refleksion i egen klinisk praksis.
Metode: Ved hjælp af metodetriangulering blev data fra audit af 10 konsekutive udvalgte journaler og 27 spørgeskemaer udfyldt af afdelingens sygeplejersker sammenholdt og analyseret vha. statistik og indholdsanalyse.
Resultat:Resultaterne viste tydelig diskrepans mellem sygeplejerskernes opfattelser af egen praksis og reel klinisk praksis. Ingen journaler opfyldte alle de målte indikatorer, og opfyldelsen af de enkelte indikatorer var meget svingende. Sygeplejerskerne italesatte instruksen som tvetydig og mangelfuld på flere områder, men også som et vigtigt redskab i deres daglige arbejde.
Konklusion:Behandling af abstinenser hos den alkoholafhængige patient er vanskelig og var særdeles mangelfuld i de 10 analyserede journaler. Sygeplejerskerne opfattede primært instruksen positivt, men dette modsvarede ikke resultaterne fra auditten.

Abstract:
Background:In the emergency department, we often meet patients with harmful alcohol consumption. The treatment of their withdrawal symptoms can be complicated and harmful to the patients. Based on several reported unintended accidents regarding overdose with Chlordiazepoxid, first writer's emergency department made an instruction to support doctors and nurses in the treatment of alcoholic withdrawal symptoms.
Aim:The aim of this article is to guide the reader through our study and clarify important results. In addition, we want to inspire to interdisciplinary reflection in the readers clinical practice.
Method:We compared data from audit of 10 consecutive selected journals and 27 questionnaires completed by the department's nurses by using method triangulation analyzed statistically and by content analysis.
Result:The results clearly demonstrated discrepancy between nurses' perceptions of their own practice and data from the audit. No records met all the measured indicators, and the performance of the individual indicators was very fluctuating. Nurses described the instruction as ambiguous and inadequate in several areas, but also as an important tool in their daily work.
Conclusion:Treatment of withdrawal symptoms in the alcohol dependent patient is difficult and was particularly inadequate in the 10 analyzed records. Nurses primarily perceived the instruction positively, but this did not match the results of the audit.
Afbrydelser og forstyrrelse på en akutafdeling
Authors: Døssing Kristina Villekjær 
Published: July 2019

Baggrund
Sygeplejersker på en akutafdeling får flere og flere funktioner. Patienterne skal plejes og behandles, og behandlingen skal koordineres med patient, læge, pårørende, samt nye patienter skal modtages. De mange kontakter stiller store krav til sygeplejerskens kognitive evner, og det kræver, at sygeplejersken hele tiden skal bevare overblikket, så der ikke opstår fejl.
Formål
Formålet med opgaven var at undersøge omfanget af afbrydelser, og hvordan afbrydelser påvirker sygeplejerskens koncentration, og i hvor høj grad afbrydelser påvirker patientsikkerheden.
Metode
Der blev anvendt en kvalitativ metode med feltobservation i egen afdeling på akutafdelingen på Hospitalsenhed Midt i Viborg. Seks sygeplejersker blev observeret i én vagt på seks forskellige dage. Vagterne var af 8 timers varighed og var delt mellem dagvagter og aftenvagter.
En afbrydelse blev defineret, som en personlig eller telefonisk henvendelse på et tidspunkt, hvor sygeplejersken allerede var i gang med en anden opgave, samt patientklokker fra alle stuer på afsnittet, som alarmerede på telefonen. Afbrydelsen kunne både være af mere hastende karakter end den opgave sygeplejersken stod med i forvejen eller mindre hastende karakter.
Resultater
På de seks observationsdage blev sygeplejersken afbrudt i gennemsnit cirka 11 gange i timen, svarende til cirka hvert 5. minut. Cirka 50% af afbrydelserne var patientklokker og cirka 25 % af afbrydelserne var det en anden sygeplejerske, som afbrød.
Sygeplejersken var, trods stort pres på nogle af observationsdage, gode til at holde alle bolde i luften og vende tilbage til de afbrudte opgaver. Det blev vurderet, at patientsikkerheden ikke var i fare, da de sygeplejersker, der blev observeret udviste rummelighed og overskud. Der blev observeret én enkelt episode, hvor sygeplejersken ikke fik udleveret smertestillende medicin rettidigt. Hun kom dog i tanke om det efter cirka 30 minutter, hvorfor det ikke blev vurderet, som en trussel for patientsikkerheden.
Konklusion
Sygeplejersker i dagvagt og aftenvagt i en akutafdeling oplever mange afbrydelser i løbet af vagten. De afbrydelser, der blev observeret i studieperioden, kompromitterede dog ikke patientsikkerheden. Det vurderes alligevel, det er værd at mindske afbrydelserne, så de, der forekommer, er af mere væsentlig karakter.
An Innovative Model of Culturally Tailored Health Promotion Groups for Cambodian Survivors of Torture
Authors: Berkson Sarah Y. , Mollica Richard , Tor Svang , Lavelle James , Cosenza Carol 
Published: July 2019

Cambodians living in the U.S.A. suffer from depression, posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD), and chronic medical disease at rates far in excess of national averages. The Harvard Program in Refugee Trauma’s Cambodian Health Promotion Program seeks to address this burden of disease by offering them culturally tailored health education in a group setting.
A health professional and a bicultural health educator co-facilitated a five-session health promotion group for Cambodian survivors of torture from 2007 to 2011. The program covered five major topics from Western and Cambodian worldviews. They included the meaning of health promotion, nutrition, exercise, stress management and sleep hygiene, and health practitioner-patient communication. The bicultural worker administered Pre and Post semi-structured Health Promotion Questionnaires. The data presented here are the results from 126 participants.
Changes between the Pre and Post health promotion groups demonstrated significant improvements in health status, lifestyle activities, sleep, and depression. Participants revealed greater confidence in communicating with their primary health care practitioner.
Culturally tailored Cambodian health promotion education administered in a small group setting may improve health and mental health behaviors.
Culturally tailored health promotion education in a small group setting may promote healing in survivors of torture. It is an intervention worthy of further research and development.
Activity of Daily Living Performance amongst Danish Asylum Seekers: A cross-sectional study
Authors: Morville Anne-Le , Erlandsson Lena-Karin , Eklund Mona , Danneskiold-Samsøe Bente , Christensen Robin , Amris Kirstine 
Published: July 2019

Objective: The aim of this study was to evaluate the extent of Activities of Daily Living (ADL) ability impairment in newly arrived Danish asylum seekers. It was hypothesized that exposure to trauma and torture would negatively influence ADL performance and that measures of ADL ability would be lower in individuals exposed to torture as compared to the non-tortured. Subjects: Forty-three newly arrived asylum seekers aged 20-50 years, from Iran, Afghanistan, and Syria, were consecutively included in the study.
Method: ADL ability was assessed with the observation-based test Assessment of Motor and Process Skills (AMPS). Interviews were based on questionnaires about torture exposure, WHO-5 Wellbeing Index, Major Depression Inventory and Pain Detect Questionnaire. All participants were interviewed and tested using a linguistic interpreter. Results: Thirty-three (77%) participants reported exposure to torture. The tortured did not differ significantly from the non-tortured on measures of ADL ability (two-sample t-tests: Motor, p= 0.36; Process, p= 0.82). ADL performance impairment was observed in the overall study sample. Twelve had motor and 15 process ability measures below age norms and 2 below both AMPS motor and process cut-offs for effortless and efficient ADL performance. There were statistically significant - weak to moderate - correlations between self-reported psychological distress, VAS average pain, pain distribution, and the AMPS measures. Conclusion: The study results supported significant ADL ability impairment in tortured as well as non-tortured newly arrived asylum seekers. Implementation of performance-based evaluation of ADL ability as part of the initial medical screening of this particular population should be considered.
Preface
Authors: Den Otter Joost 
Published: July 2019

This special issue of TORTURE is meant to coincide with the twentieth anniversary of the 1994 Rwandan genocide. Annemiek Richters, Grace Kagoyire and their colleagues present a sample of stories of torture and ill-treatment, but also of rehabilitation as experienced and shared by a small group of women who survived the atrocities of this dark period of history, in which over 800,000 people were massacred.
This Supplementum offers us opportunities for gaining insight on the socio-therapy approach, as well as discovering common themes that may require further research using a variety of methods.
The voice of actual victims of torture has its place in a journal such as ours, and we hope this issue serves its intended purposes.
Joost den Otter, phD, MD, MSc
Wditor-in-Chief
Introduction
Authors: Richters Annemiek 
Published: July 2019

It is generally known that during the 100 days of genocide against the Tutsi in Rwanda in 1994, sexual violence was committed on an unprecedented scale. Many women were first raped and then killed. With a certain degree of probability, the majority of Tutsi women who survived had been raped. Limited information is available regarding the experiences of these women. However, there is enough empirical evidence provided in human rights accounts and research reports substantiating that these women were exposed to unimaginable horror, which for the majority of them had a range of devastating short and long term effects.
The programme of community-based sociotherapy was implemented in 2005 in the north of Rwanda in what was previously known as Byumba province, and subsequently in 2008 in Bugesera district in the south-east, one of the epicentres of the genocide.
Women, we need to be courageous
Authors: Munyabugingo Illuminée 
Published: July 2019

My name is Illuminée Munyabugingo.
The 1994 genocide against Tutsis happened when I was thirty-four years old. I was born in Kigali in a camp for internally displaced persons. My family had moved there from Eastern Province because of the 1959 massacres of Tutsis. We were a family with sixteen children. During the 1959 massacres, the house of my family was not destroyed as it was during the 1994 genocide.
People still had kindness when I was younger.
I found a family through sociotherapy
Authors: Nyiramana Mameritha 
Published: July 2019

I was born in the Southern Province of Rwanda. My parents were cattle keepers. We were ten children. We are now four because the other six died during the genocide. Before the genocide, I never experienced any violence.
The first time I encountered violence was during the genocide, when I was nineteen years old. I was raped and I gave birth to a child of the Interahamwe. I have good memories of my life before the genocide, especially of meeting up with my friends. It hurts that I no longer see them, because the genocide separated us. I now live with my three children and a husband. The oldest child is seventeen years old, the second one is three years old, and the last one is one year old.
I wouldn’t still be alive if it wasn’t for sociotherapy
Authors: Kazeneza Therese 
Published: July 2019

I was born 1961 in Kayonza District, Eastern Province. We were ten children, three girls and seven boys. My family was rich and we had a good life when I was young. What I liked about my childhood was conversing with my parents and siblings while we were together at home. My mother loved me and I loved her.
The first violence I experienced was in 1973
Follow-up study of the treatment outcomes at a psychiatric trauma clinic for refugees
Authors: Buhmann Cæcilie , Mortensen Erik Lykke , Nordentoft Merete , Ryberg Jasmina , Ekstrøm Morten 
Published: July 2019

Purpose: To describe change in mental health after treatment with antidepressants and trauma-focused cognitive behavioral therapy.
Methods: Patients receiving treatment at the Psychiatric Trauma Clinic for Refugees in Copenhagen completed self-ratings of level of functioning, quality of life, and symptoms of PTSD, depression, and anxiety before and after treatment. Changes in mental state and predictors of change were evaluated in a sample that all received well-described and comparable treatment.
Results: 85 patients with PTSD or depression were included in the analysis. Significant improvement and effect size were observed on all rating scales (p-value <0.01 and Cohen’s d 45-0.68). Correlation analysis showed no association between severity of symptoms at baseline and the observed change.
Conclusion: Despite methodological limitations, the finding of a significant improvement on all rating scales is important considering that previous follow-up studies of comparable patient populations have not found significant change in the patients’ condition after treatment.
“After all the traumas my body has been through, I feel good that it is still working.” – Basic Body Awareness Therapy for traumatised refugees
Authors: Carlsson Jessica , Stade Kajsa , Skammeritz Signe , Hjortkjær Charlotte 
Published: July 2019

Basic Body Awareness Therapy (BBAT) is a form of physiotherapy that is often used for psychiatric patients in Scandinavian countries. To our knowledge, there have not been any studies investigating BBAT as a treatment for traumatised refugees until now.
Objective: To explore the compliance, acceptability and treatment satisfaction using group BBAT in traumatised refugees. To study changes in psychiatric and somatic symptoms as well as the quality of life, level of functioning and quality of movement during treatment with BBAT.
Method: All Arabic speaking patients that previously had received treatment at the Competence Centre for Transcultural Psychiatry in Copenhagen from April 2008 to June 2009 were invited to participate (N=29). Nine persons were included in a male (N=4) and female (N=5) group. All participants were traumatised refugees. The BBAT treatment consisted of 14 sessions over a period of 14 weeks. Before and after treatment the participants were interviewed using a semi-structured interview guide. The interviews were transcribed and analyzed with a thematic approach. The participants also filled out self-administrated questionnaires and two physiotherapists tested the participants’ movement harmony using the Body Awareness Rating Scale-Movement Harmony (BARS-MH) test. At the end of the study, the participants filled out anonymous questionnaires about treatment satisfaction.
Results: The results showed that the participants had a high compliance, acceptability and treatment satisfaction with BBAT. The majority of participants showed improvements in symptoms from baseline to post-intervention on the self-administrated questionnaires and in the BARS-MH test.
Conclusions: Further research is needed to expand the scientific knowledge regarding the use of BBAT in traumatised refugees. If future research can confirm our positive findings it will have a considerable impact on future treatment designs and for the individual patient.
Statement on Virginity Testing
Authors: Alempijevic Djordje , Beriashvili Rusudan , Beynon Jonathan , Deutsch Ana , Duque Maximo , Duterte Pierre , Van Es Adriaan , Fernando Ravindra , Fincanci Sebnem Korur , Hansen Steen Holger , Hardi Lilla , Hougen Hans Petter , Iacopino Vincent , Leth Peter Mygind , Louahlia Said , Mendonça Maria Cristina , Modvig Jens , Mendez Maria-Dolores Morcillo , Özkalipci Önder , Payne-James Jason , Quiroga Jose , Rasmussen Ole Vedel , Reyes Hernán , Rogde Sidsel , Sajantila Antti , Somasundaram Daya , Thomsen Jørgen Lange , Tidball-Binz Morris , Treue Felicitas , Vanezis Peter , Viera Duarte Nuno 
Published: July 2019

Virginity examinations are practiced in many countries, and often forcibly, in a number of contexts, including in detention places; on women who allege rape; on women who are accused by authorities of prostitution; and as part of public or social policies to control sexuality. In other states, the practice is illegal.
The purpose of this medico-legal statement is to provide legal experts, adjudicators, healthcare professionals, and policymakers, among others, with an understanding of the physical and psychological effects of forcibly conducting virginity examinations on females and to assess whether, based on these effects, forcibly conducted virginity examinations constitute cruel, inhuman, or degrading treatment or torture. This medico-legal statement also addresses the medical interpretation and relevance of such examinations and the ethical implications. This opinion considers an examination to be ‘forcibly conducted’ when it is “committed by force, or by threat of force or coercion, such as caused by fear of violence, duress, detention, psychological oppression or abuse of power, against such person incapable of giving genuine consent.”

For full details about the Independent Forensic Expert Group please visit http://www.irct.org/our-support/ medical-and-psychological-case-support/forensic-expertgroup.aspx.
Testimonial Therapy: Impact on social participation and emotional wellbeing among Indian survivors of torture and organized violence
Authors: Jørgensen Mia Myhre , Modvig Jens , Agger Inger , Raghuvanshi Lenin , Khan Shirin Shabana , Polatin Peter 
Published: July 2019

Introduction: Traumatizing events, such as torture, cause considerable impairments in psycho-social functioning. In developing countries, where torture is often perpetrated, few resources exist for the provision of therapeutic or rehabilitating interventions. The current study investigated the effectiveness of Testimonial Therapy (TT) as a brief psycho-social intervention to ameliorate the distress of Indian survivors of torture and related violence.
Method: Three outcome measures (the WHO-5 Well-Being Scale, Social Participation-Scale and Pain and Anger Analogue) were compared before and after receiving TT, and semi-structured interviews were conducted with survivors who had previously received TT.
Findings: Participants showed significant improvements in emotional well-being, social participation, and self-perceived pain and anger. Furthermore, three qualitative interviewswith survivors indicated that TT had a positive impact at the community level.
Discussion: Although the study was conducted without a control group for comparison, TT appeared to be an effective method for improving well-being and ameliorating distress among survivors of torture. Furthermore, TT can potentially promote community empowerment. However, more research on this aspect is needed.