bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Profile and Attributes of Physician Assistants/Associates in Rheumatology: An In‐Depth Analysis
Authors: Smith Benjamin J. , Hooker Roderick S. , Bruza‐Augatis Mirela , Puckett Kasey , Kozikowski Andrzej 
Published: November 2024

ObjectiveThis work describes the demographics and practice characteristics of physician assistants/associates (PAs) practicing in rheumatology.MethodsWe examined 2022 cross‐sectional data from the National Commission on Certification of PAs. The investigation included demographics and practice characteristics of PAs working in rheumatology compared to those working in all other specialties. We analyzed data using descriptive and bivariate statistics comparing the two groups.ResultsIn 2022, 430 PAs self‐reported practicing in rheumatology. The median age of these PAs was 39 years, and 84.7% self‐identified as female. They primarily (78.8%) worked in office‐based private practices and were more likely to engage in telemedicine services (62.5%) than their colleagues in all other specialties. PAs in rheumatology typically worked similar hours as their peers in other medical disciplines but saw a higher proportion of patients in the 61 to 80 range. At the same time, PAs in rheumatology reported slightly higher job satisfaction and lower burnout symptom rates compared to PAs practicing in other disciplines.ConclusionUnderstanding the characteristics and employment settings of PAs in rheumatology is crucial to estimating the health workforce supply and demand in this discipline. Further research should explore the economics of PAs in rheumatology, including aspects of teamwork, scope of practice, patient outcomes, and satisfaction.image
Nanobubble‐Based Acoustical Bursting of Nuclear Membrane for Interleukin‐33 Release Induces Eosinophil‐Mediated Cancer Immunotherapy
Authors: Song Yeari , You Dong Gil , Song Seok Ho , Lee Jeongjin , Joo Hyeyeon , Kim Chan Ho , Go Dabin , Jung Se Young , Li Yuce , Um Wooram , Park Jae Hyung 
Published: November 2024

AbstractDespite noteworthy advances in cancer immunotherapy, the understanding of effective strategies to harness eosinophils in anti‐cancer immunity, which is critical for cytotoxic T‐cell recruitment, remains limited. In particular, interleukin‐33, which is essential for eosinophil activation, is chromatin‐bound and lacks efficient extracellular release mechanisms for its intact form. Here, a nanobubble‐based acoustical cancer cell‐bursting strategy (NanoBurst) is reported to elicit eosinophil‐mediated cancer immunity by releasing damage‐associated molecular patterns (DAMPs). NanoBurst consists of polymeric nanoparticles encapsulating a gas precursor, designed to effectively disrupt cancer cell membranes upon exposure to ultrasound. This process triggers the efficient release of both nucleus‐derived (e.g., high‐mobility group nucleosome‐binding domain‐1, gasdermin E, interleukin‐33) and cytoplasm‐derived DAMPs, initiating the eosinophil‐mediated immune cascade. Consequently, NanoBurst induces direct tumoricidal effects by activating eosinophils and enhances anti‐cancer immunity by recruiting NK cells and cytotoxic T‐cells in vivo. When combined with a dipeptidyl peptidase‐4 (DPP4) inhibitor, an inducer of eosinophil‐mediated chemotaxis, NanoBurst effectively inhibits the growth of primary tumors and the metastasis to the lung in a CT26 tumor‐bearing mouse model. Notably, boosting eosinophil‐mediated anti‐cancer immunity with NanoBurst‐DPP4 inhibitor shows superior efficacy for tumor suppression compared to immune checkpoint inhibitors.
Nanocomposite Hydrogel Enables Color‐Gated Organic Photoelectrochemical Transistor Biodetection
Authors: Hu Jin , Li Zheng , Huang Yu‐Ting , Jing Ming‐Jian , Yuan Cheng , Zeng Xierong , Zhao Wei‐Wei , Lin Peng 
Published: November 2024

AbstractThe newly emerged organic photoelectrochemical transistor (OPECT) has been demonstrated promising in diverse sectors, yet its underlying operation rationale remains largely unexplored due to its short development time. Color, arising from the light‐matter interactions, is ubiquitous in nature. Here the concept of color‐gated OPECT biodetection based on a nanocomposite hydrogel is proposed and devised, which is exemplified by the automatic color change of Pt nanocubes (NCs)‐encapsulated hydrogel with Ag+‐responsiveness. Linking with a sandwich immunorecognition with labeled silver nanoparticles (Ag NPs), chemical etching‐released Ag+ can sensitively affect the Pt NCs‐catalyzed conversion of o‐phenylenediamine, leading to the color change of the nanocomposite hydrogel and thus the altered gating characteristics. This study features the concept of color‐gated OPECT biodetection and is expected to catalyze a new category of advanced “colored” optobioelectronics, given the rich color change from the light‐matter‐bio interactions.
Group‐VA Doped ZnO Injection Layer for Bright and Efficient Perovskite Light‐Emitting Diodes
Authors: Yang Xiaoyu , Ji Yongqiang , Li Qiuyang , Zhong Qixuan , Li Hong , Lu Zhangyuchang , Chen Hao‐Hsin , Wang Yanju , Hu An , Li Shunde , Ma Li , Li Le , Zhang Yuzhuo , Chen Yu , Zhao Lichen , Wu Jiang , Wang Xinqiang , Lu Changjun , Zhu Rui 
Published: November 2024

AbstractHeteroatom doping of the ZnO electron injection layer (EIL) is widely applied to the fabrication of high‐performance quantum‐dot and perovskite light‐emitting diodes (PeLEDs), while group‐VA atomic dopant is rarely studied. Here, VA bismuth (Bi) with strong metallicity is screened as a substitution dopant to regulate the colloid size, surface terminal, and defect density of the ZnO precursor. The as‐fabricated Bi‐doped ZnO (ZnBiO) EIL shows enhanced conductivity, passivated trap states, more n‐type nature, and appropriate band alignment with FAPbI3 (FA: formamidinium), contributing to smooth injection paths with minimal transport losses. Promoted by inhibited hydroxyl terminations of ZnBiO, the FAPbI3 crystals grown into flat nanocylinder domains with higher crystallinity and area‐thickness ratio, leading to a champion PeLED efficiency of 22.3%, a high near‐infrared radiance of 684 W sr−1 m−2, and nearly an order of magnitude extended operational stability, which shows great promise of ZnBiO as the optimal EIL for various LED application scenarios beyond classical ZnMgO.
Neuromuscular Regeneration of Volumetric Muscle Loss Injury in Response to Agrin‐Functionalized Tissue Engineered Muscle Grafts and Rehabilitative Exercise
Authors: Mihaly Eszter , Chellu Neha , Iyer Shama R. , Su Eileen Y. , Altamirano Dallas E. , Dias Shaquielle T. , Grayson Warren L. 
Published: November 2024

AbstractNeuromuscular deficits compound the loss of contractile tissue in volumetric muscle loss (VML). Two avenues for promoting recovery are neuromuscular junction (NMJ)‐promoting substrates (e.g., agrin) and endurance exercise. Although mechanical stimulation enhances agrin‐induced NMJ formation, the two modalities have yet to be evaluated combinatorially. It is hypothesized that the implantation of human myogenic progenitor‐seeded tissue‐engineered muscle grafts (hTEMGs) in combination with agrin treatment and/or exercise will enhance neuromuscular recovery after VML. The hTEMGs alone transplant into VML defects promote significant regeneration with minimal scarring. A sex‐appropriate, low‐intensity continuous running exercise paradigm increases acetylcholine receptor (AChR) cluster density in male mice twofold relative to hTEMG alone after 7 weeks of treadmill training (p < 0.05). To further promote neuromuscular recovery, agrin is incorporated into the scaffolds via covalent tethering. In vitro, agrin increases the proliferation of hMPs, and trends toward greater myogenic maturity and AChR clustering. Upon transplantation, both hTEMGs + agrin and hTEMGs + exercise induce near 100% recovery of muscle mass and increase twitch and tetanic force output (p > 0.05). However, agrin treatment in combination with exercise produces no additional benefit. These data highlight the unprecedented regenerative potential of using hTEMGs together with either agrin or exercise supplementation to treat VML injuries.
Polyphenol‐Nanoengineered Monocyte Biohybrids for Targeted Cardiac Repair and Immunomodulation
Authors: Li Jiawen , Gong Guidong , Zhang Yue , Zheng Yanjiang , He Yunxiang , Chen Mei , He Xianglian , Zheng Xiaolan , Gong Xue , Liu Lei , Zhou Kaiyu , Zhao Zongmin , IV C. Wyatt Shields , Hua Yimin , Li Yifei , Guo Junling 
Published: November 2024

AbstractMyocardial infarction is one of the leading cause of cardiovascular death worldwide. Invasive interventional procedures and medications are applied to attenuate the attacks associated with ischemic heart disease by reestablishing blood flow and restoring oxygen supply. However, the overactivation of inflammatory responses and unsatisfactory drug delivery efficiency in the infarcted regions prohibit functional improvement. Here, a nanoengineered monocyte (MO)‐based biohybrid system, referred to as CTAs @MOs, for the heart‐targeted delivery of combinational therapeutic agents (CTAs) containing anti‐inflammatory IL‐10 and cardiomyogenic miR‐19a to overcome the limitation of malperfusion within the infarcted myocardium through a polyphenol‐mediated interfacial assembly, is reported. Systemic administration of CTAs@MOs bypasses extensive thoracotomy and intramyocardial administration risks, leading to infarcted heart‐specific accumulation and sustained release of therapeutic agents, enabling immunomodulation of the proinflammatory microenvironment and promoting cardiomyocyte proliferation in sequence. Moreover, CTAs@MOs, which serve as a cellular biohybrid‐based therapy, significantly improve cardiac function as evidenced by enhanced ejection fractions, increased fractional shortening, and diminished infarct sizes. This polyphenol nanoengineered biohybrid system represents a general and potent platform for the efficient treatment of cardiovascular disorders.
Actuating Extracellular Matrices Decouple the Mechanical and Biochemical Effects of Muscle Contraction on Motor Neurons
Authors: Bu Angel , Afghah Ferdows , Castro Nicolas , Bawa Maheera , Kohli Sonika , Shah Karina , Rios Brandon , Butty Vincent , Raman Ritu 
Published: November 2024

AbstractEmerging in vivo evidence suggests that repeated muscle contraction, or exercise, impacts peripheral nerves. However, the difficulty of isolating the muscle‐specific impact on motor neurons in vivo, as well as the inability to decouple the biochemical and mechanical impacts of muscle contraction in this setting, motivates investigating this phenomenon in vitro. This study demonstrates that tuning the mechanical properties of fibrin enables longitudinal culture of highly contractile skeletal muscle monolayers, enabling functional characterization of and long‐term secretome harvesting from exercised tissues. Motor neurons stimulated with exercised muscle‐secreted factors significantly upregulate neurite outgrowth and migration, with an effect size dependent on muscle contraction intensity. Actuating magnetic microparticles embedded within fibrin hydrogels enable dynamically stretching motor neurons and non‐invasively mimicking the mechanical effects of muscle contraction. Interestingly, axonogenesis is similarly upregulated in both mechanically and biochemically stimulated motor neurons, but RNA sequencing reveals different transcriptomic signatures between groups, with biochemical stimulation having a greater impact on cell signaling related to axonogenesis and synapse maturation. This study leverages actuating extracellular matrices to robustly validate a previously hypothesized role for muscle contraction in regulating motor neuron growth and maturation from the bottom‐up through both mechanical and biochemical signaling.
Natural and Nature‐Inspired Biomaterial Additives for Metal Halide Perovskite Optoelectronics
Authors: Han Jiye , Tian Ying , Jeon Il 
Published: November 2024

AbstractThis comprehensive review meticulously categorizes and discusses the applications of diverse biomaterials, specifically natural and nature‐inspired synthetic materials in metal halide perovskite optoelectronics. Applications range from solar cells to light‐emitting diodes, photodetectors, and X‐ray detectors. Emphasis is placed on the intricate interactions between bio‐additives and perovskite crystals, highlighting their influence on the grain size, crystal orientation, grain boundaries, and surface passivation. This review also explores the advantages and disadvantages of each natural or nature‐inspired material and their unique properties compared with conventional additives. Special attention is given to the mechanistic and functional viewpoints, showing how these biomaterials enhance device performance. Through additive engineering with ecofriendly biomaterials, defects in metal halide perovskite thin films can be effectively passivated, thus extending the photostability or in some cases mechanical flexibility of devices. This review provides valuable insights for selecting and designing next‐generation biomaterial additives, offering new prospects for achieving high‐performance perovskite layers and advancing the field of peorvskite‐ based optoelectronics.
An Integrated Therapeutic Nanoparticles and Quorum Quenching‐Based Microneedle Patch for Bacterial‐Infected Wound Healing
Authors: Xue Binqing , Yao Yao , Luo Enhui , Lessing Duncan James , Guo Min , Chu Weihua 
Published: November 2024

AbstractSkin injuries leading to drug‐resistant bacterial infections remain a significant challenge, posing a threat to human health. There is an urgent necessity to develop wound dressings for the treatment of such injuries. The proceeding study presents the design of a multifunctional microneedle (MNs) patch containing quorum‐quenching enzyme and manganese dioxide (MnO2) nanoparticles for treating Pseudomonas aeruginosa‐infected wounds. In co‐culture experiments with P. aeruginosa, the quorum‐quenching enzyme significantly reduced the production of virulence factors and inhibited biofilm formation. MnO2 NPs exhibited excellent scavenging ability against a wide range of free radicals when assayed in in vitro antioxidant assays. Subsequently, soluble hyaluronic acid is chosen as the substrate in order to prepare the MNs patches loaded with quorum quenching enzyme and MnO2 NPs for wound healing assessment in a P. aeruginosa‐infected mouse wound model. Evaluation of wound size and closure rate demonstrated that the patch significantly accelerated wound healing, resulting in shorter healing durations and improved wound closure. Additionally, inflammation‐related cytokine levels are reduced, indicating a lower level of inflammation. Tissue section staining shows that treatment with MNs promoted wound epithelialization, collagen deposition, and angiogenesis. The multifunctional MNs patch represents a promising treatment option for drug‐resistant bacterial infections in wound management.
PcWRKY1 Represses Transcription of Yellow Stripe‐Like 3 (PcYSL3) to Negatively Regulate Radial Cadmium Transport in Poplar Stems
Authors: Chen Xin , Zhang Yuhong , Cheng Yao , Yu Wenjian , Yang Lingyu , Shu Peiqi , Zhou Jing , Fayyaz Payam , Luo Zhi‐Bin , Deng Shurong , Shi Wenguang 
Published: November 2024

AbstractA considerable amount of cadmium (Cd) can accumulate in the bark of poplar stems, but the Cd transport pathway and its underlying molecular mechanisms remain unknown. Here, a Cd radial transport pathway in poplar stems and a previously unrecognized PcWRKY1‐Yellow Stripe‐Like 3 (PcYSL3) module that regulates Cd transport are identified in Populus × canescens (Aiton) Sm. Cadmiun‐nicotianamine (Cd‐NA) in xylem vessels in poplar stem‐wood is unloaded to adjacent ray parenchyma cells and further radially transported to bark‐phloem. PcYSL3 is putatively identified as involved in Cd radial transport in poplar stems. PcYSL3 is highly expressed in ray parenchyma cells adjacent to xylem vessels and the encoded protein localizes on the plasma membrane. Cd accumulation is greater in the wood and bark of PcYSL3‐overexpressing poplars than the wild type, whereas the opposite is observed in PcYSL3‐knockdown plants. PcWRKY1 can bind to the PcYSL3 promoter sequence and represses its expression. PcWRKY1 inhibits Cd accumulation in the wood and bark of plants. Thus, PcWRKY1 suppresses PcYSL3 transcription to negatively regulate Cd‐NA unloading from xylem vessels to adjacent ray parenchyma cells and its radial transport in poplar stem. The findings have provided new insights into breeding of poplars for more effective remediation of heavy metal‐contaminated soils.
Patterned Lead‐Free Double Perovskite/Polymer Fluorescent Piezoelectric Composite Films for Advanced Anti‐Counterfeiting
Authors: Shi Jindou , Wang Zeyu , Jia Nanxiang , Wang Minqiang , Xu Youlong , Li Xiangming , Shao Jinyou 
Published: November 2024

AbstractThe limitations of single fluorescent anti‐counterfeiting technologies necessitate the development of more sophisticated encryption methods to protect information and data. Traditional optical anti‐counterfeiting encryption techniques, which rely on light sources with varying wavelengths to identify information, are now insufficient to meet contemporary security demands due to their restricted response to a narrow range of wavelengths. In this study, the fabrication of patterned, lead‐free double perovskite (DP)/poly(vinylidene fluoride‐trifluoroethylene) (P(VDF‐TrFE)) fluorescent piezoelectric composite films (CFs) is reported. These CFs integrate the up‐conversion and down‐conversion photoluminescent properties of Cs2Na0.8Ag0.2BiCl6:Yb3+/Er3+ DP crystals with the piezoelectric properties of P(VDF‐TrFE) film, facilitating multi‐modal information protection. The fluorescent signals of different concealed information in CFs are observable under the excitation of 365 nm UV light and 980 nm infrared (IR) light. Additionally, external pressure applied at various locations on the CFs generates corresponding electrical signals, thereby providing triple‐layer encryption for protected information. A multifunctional anti‐counterfeiting device has been further developed by integrating patterned optical and electrical responses onto flexible CFs, achieving synergistic protection of information security in cross fields and bringing a significant advancement to the high‐level anti‐counterfeiting market.
Achieving Ultra‐High Heat Flux Transfer in Graphene Films via Tunable Gas Escape Channels
Authors: Zheng Haolong , He Peng , Yang Shujing , Lu Yonghua , Guo Na , Li Yanhong , Wang Gang , Ding Guqiao 
Published: November 2024

AbstractGraphene films have been applied in the thermal management of electronic devices due to their high thermal conductivity. However, the ever‐increasing power and local heat flux density of electronic chips require graphene films with excellent heat flux carrying capacity. Enhancing the heat flux carrying capacity is highly challenging, and the key is to maintain high thermal conductivity while increasing film thickness. Gases released during film assembly and the resulting catastrophic structural destruction should be responsible for the trade‐off between film thickness and thermal conductivity. Herein, the evolution of the pore structure is investigated during the assembly of graphene films and propose the construction of gas escape channels for the preparation of thick graphene films. The process involves using humidification treatment and freeze‐drying GO films to pre‐construct the ordered flat pore structure. The microstructure optimization of graphene films with more order, fewer wrinkles and defects, and larger grain size is achieved. After optimization, graphene films with ultra‐high thermal conductivity (1781 W m−1 K−1) and a thickness over 100 µm are realized. These films exhibit exceptional heat dissipation and cooling capabilities in high heat flux density (≈2000 W cm−2). This finding holds significant potential for guiding the thermal management of high‐power devices.
Femtosecond Laser‐Induced Recrystallized Nanotexturing for Identity Document Security With Physical Unclonable Functions
Authors: Niu Panpan , Geng Jiao , Jiang Qilin , Wang Yangyundou , Sang Jianxin , Wang Zhenghong , Shi Liping 
Published: November 2024

AbstractCounterfeit identity (ID) documents pose a serious threat to personal credit and national security. As a promising candidate, optical physical unclonable functions (PUFs) offer a robust defense mechanism against counterfeits. Despite the innovations in chemically synthesized PUFs, challenges persist, including harmful chemical treatments, low yields, and incompatibility of reaction conditions with the ID document materials. More notably, surface relief nanostructures for PUFs, such as wrinkles, are still at risk of being replicated through scanning lithography or nanoimprint. Here, a femtosecond laser‐induced recrystallized silicon nanotexture is reported as latent PUF nanofingerprint for document anti‐counterfeiting. With femtosecond laser irradiation, nanotextures spontaneously emerge within 100 ms of exposure. By introducing a low‐absorption metal layer, surface plasmon polariton waves are excited on the silicon‐metal multilayer nanofilms with long‐range boosting, ensuring the uniqueness and non‐replicability of the final nanotextures. Furthermore, the femtosecond laser induces a phase transition in the latent nanotexture from amorphous to polycrystalline state, rather than creating replicable relief wrinkles. The random nanotextures are easily identifiable through optical microscopy and Raman imaging, yet they remain undetectable by surface characterization methods such as scanning electron and atomic force microscopies. This property significantly hinders counterfeiting efforts, as it prevents the precise replication of these nanostructures.
Degradation Mechanism of Phosphate‐Based Li‐NASICON Conductors in Alkaline Environment
Authors: Lam Benjamin X. , Li Zhuohan , Mishra Tara P. , Ceder Gerbrand 
Published: November 2024

AbstractNASICON‐type Li conductors (Li‐NASICON) have traditionally been regarded as promising candidates for solid‐state Li‐air battery applications because of their stability in water and ambient air. However, the presence of water in the cathode of a Li‐air battery can induce a highly alkaline environment by modifying the discharge product from Li2O2 to LiOH which can potentially degrade cathode and separator materials. This study investigates the alkaline stability of common Li‐NASICON chemistries through a systematic experimental study of LiTixGe2‐x(PO4)3 (LTGP) with varying x = 0–2.0. Density functional theory calculations are combined to gain a mechanistic understanding of the alkaline instability. It is demonstrated that the instability of LTGP in an alkaline environment is mainly driven by the dissolution of PO43– groups, which subsequently precipitate as Li3PO4. The introduction of Ti facilitates the formation of a Ti‐rich compound on the surface that eventually passivates the material, but only after significant bulk degradation. Consequently, phosphate‐based Li‐NASICON materials exhibit limited alkaline stability, raising concerns about their viability in humid Li‐air batteries.