bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The interplay between governmental communications and fellow citizens’ reactions via twitter: Experimental results of a theoretical crisis in the Netherlands
Authors: Bakker Marije H. , van Bommel Marco , Kerstholt José H. , Giebels Ellen 
Published: December 2018

AbstractThis study aimed to gain insight into the interplay between citizens’ reactions on Twitter and governmental communications as well as their effects on self‐reliant behaviour and trust. Two experimental studies were conducted. In Study 1, participants first received other citizens’ reactions followed by the government's communications about how to act. Participants received supporting, opposing, mixed, or no reactions from other citizens. In Study 2, participants first received the government's communications with either certain or uncertain crisis information, followed by the different citizens’ reactions. The results showed that citizens’ reactions via Twitter are not necessarily detrimental to the effectiveness of governmental communications regarding self‐reliant behaviour. In addition, our findings suggest being careful with providing uncertain governmental communications during a crisis.
Volatile organic compounds of mountainous plant species and the produced milk as affected by altitude in Greece: A preliminary study
Authors: Bozoudi Despina , Claps Salvatore , Abraham Eleni M , Parissi Zoi M , Litopoulou‐Tzanetaki Evanthia 
Published: December 2018

The objective of this study was to characterise the volatile organic compounds (VOCs) profile of plant species, bulk forage grazed by sheep and produced milk at different mountainous areas of Greece. The most abundant plant species of vegetation at 800 m (hill‐land) and 1300 m (highland) altitude, bulk forage and milk samples, were collected. The VOCs profiles of the plant species and milk varied. Common VOCs in milk from both areas were identified, whereas others were discriminatory for each area. Overall, the VOCs composition of mountainous milk could provide a basis for Feta cheese identification with its region.
Brexit and Uncertainty: Insights from the Decision Maker Panel
Authors: Bloom Nicholas , Bunn Philip , Chen Scarlet , Mizen Paul , Smietanka Pawel , Thwaites Greg , Young Garry 
Published: December 2018

AbstractThe UK's decision to leave the EU in the 2016 referendum created substantial uncertainty for UK businesses. The nature of this uncertainty is different from that of a typical uncertainty shock because of its length, breadth and political complexity. Consequently, a new firm‐level survey, the Decision Maker Panel (DMP), was created to investigate this, finding three key results. First, Brexit was reported to be one of the top three sources of uncertainty for around 40 per cent of UK businesses in the two years after the vote in the June 2016 referendum, and this proportion increased further in Autumn 2018. Hence, Brexit provided both a major and persistent uncertainty shock. Second, uncertainty has been higher in industries that are more dependent on trade with the EU and on EU migrant labour. Third, the uncertainties around Brexit are primarily about the impact on businesses over the longer term rather than shorter term, including uncertainty about the timing of any transition arrangements and around the nature of Brexit.
Changes in pediatric dental coverage and visits following the implementation of the affordable care act
Authors: Kranz Ashley M. , Dick Andrew W. 
Published: December 2018

ObjectiveTo determine the impact of the inclusion of pediatric dental care in the Affordable Care Act's (ACA) core package of essential health benefits on dental coverage and utilization.Data SourcesChildren aged 1‐18 years included in the nationally representative 2010‐2015 National Health Interview Survey (NHIS).Study DesignWe used regression‐adjusted difference‐in‐differences to examine changes in rates of dental coverage and visits pre‐ and post‐ACA for children likely to be affected by the ACA (have a parent working for a small employer) to a comparison group of children who were unlikely to be affected (have a parent in a firm with ≥50 employees). Models adjusted for relevant health and sociodemographic measures.Data CollectionNHIS is an annual household survey conducted by the National Center for Health Statistics.Principal FindingsComparing pre‐ and post‐ACA periods, private dental insurance increased by 4.6 percentage points more (P = 0.013) and annual dental visits were unchanged (2.7 percentage points, P = 0.071) among children likely to be affected by the ACA compared to children unlikely to be affected by the ACA.ConclusionInclusion of pediatric dental care as an ACA essential health benefit increased dental insurance coverage, but not dental visits among children likely to be affected by this policy.
A Comprehensive Review of Corn Protein‐derived Bioactive Peptides: Production, Characterization, Bioactivities, and Transport Pathways
Authors: Zhu Biyang , He Hui , Hou Tao 
Published: December 2018

AbstractBioactive peptides are specific peptide fragments that positively exert various functional and biological activities and ultimately influence health. Corn protein are potential precursor proteins for bioactive peptides. This review encompasses the studies reported to date on the production, isolation, purification, and characterization technologies of bioactive corn peptides (CPs), with particular attention being devoted to these peptides’ different health effects, including antioxidant, antihypertensive, hepatoprotective, alcohol‐metabolism‐facilitating, anti‐inflammatory, anticancer, antimicrobial, and dipeptidyl peptidase IV (DPP‐IV) inhibitory activities. The review also describes studies examining the potential mechanisms believed to be involved in these bioactivities, and the possible absorption and transport pathways of CPs are summarized.
Relationship Between Patterns in Antihypertensive Drugs Medication and Mortality in Incident Dialysis Patients: A Multicenter Prospective Cohort Study
Authors: Fujii Maya , Inaguma Daijo , Koide Shigehisa , Ito Eri , Takahashi Kazuo , Hayashi Hiroki , Tsuboi Naotake , Hasegawa Midori , Yuzawa Yukio 
Published: December 2018

AbstractHypertension is common in patients with chronic kidney disease. Whether blood pressure management before dialysis initiation influences prognosis during maintenance dialysis remains unclear. Hence, we surveyed the status of antihypertensive drug use in incident dialysis patients. Moreover, we examined the association between antihypertensive drug use patterns at the time of dialysis initiation and mortality. We used a database derived from the multicenter prospective Aichi Cohort Study of Prognosis in Patients Newly Initiated into Dialysis, which included 1520 incident dialysis patients in Aichi prefecture, Japan. The baseline in the present study was set as the time of dialysis initiation. We examined antihypertensive drug prescription patterns at baseline, as well as the association between use of antihypertensive drugs and mortality after dialysis initiation. Among all participants, 1440 were taking at least one antihypertensive drug. The rate of calcium channel blocker (CCB) use was highest, accounting for 74.3%. CCB use was significantly associated with lower all‐cause and cardiovascular‐related mortality (hazard ratio [HR]: 0.62 and 0.57, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.46–0.85 and [0.35–0.91], respectively). Compared with no use of either drug, combination therapy with a renin angiotensin system blocker (RASB) and CCB was significantly associated with lower mortality (HR: 0.51, 95% CI: 0.34–0.76). The present study demonstrated that antihypertensive drugs were used in 95% of incident dialysis patients. In addition, use of a CCB and combination therapy with a CCB and RASB at the time of dialysis initiation was associated with lower mortality during maintenance dialysis.
Safety and efficacy of sodium glucose co‐transporter 2 inhibitors combined with insulin in adults with type 1 diabetes: A meta‐analysis of randomized controlled trials
Authors: Li Kexin , Xu Gaosi 
Published: December 2018

AbstractBackgroundThe safety and efficacy of sodium glucose co‐transporter 2 (SGLT2) inhibitors in a dose‐dependent manner for type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM) are unclear.MethodsRandomized clinical trials (RCT) were searched from PubMed, EMBASE, the Cochrane Library, Web of Science and ClinicalTrials until August 2018.ResultsThirteen RCT with 5397 participants were included. SGLT2 inhibitors were proved to be effective in glycemic control and weight loss in T1DM. In the subgroups of different doses, SGLT2 inhibitors exhibited reductions in glycated haemoglobin, bodyweight, fasting plasma glucose, mean daily glucose, basal insulin dose, bolus insulin dose, estimated glomerular filtration rate and systolic blood pressure, and elevations in the mean amplitude of glucose excursions, and percentage of time in target glucose range in a dose‐dependent manner. Reductions in total insulin dose and urinary glucose excretion were dose‐independent. SGLT2 inhibitors did not induce hypoglycemia, severe hypoglycemia, cardiovascular events, bone fracture and all‐cause mortality, but increased the risk of adverse events (AE), adverse events related to the drug treatment, infections, diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA) and renal disease correlated with dosage.ConclusionsSGLT2 inhibitors in high and moderate doses can achieve a better outcome on efficacy, but may induce a higher risk of adverse events, especially DKA.
Diagnostic accuracy of positron emission tomography for assessment of disease activity in large vessel vasculitis
Authors: Schramm Nicolai , Ingenhoff Janina , Dechant Claudia , Treitl Karla‐Maria , Treitl Marcus , Proft Fabian , Schulze‐Koops Hendrik , Hoffmann Ulrich , Bartenstein Peter , Rominger Axel , Czihal Michael 
Published: December 2018

AbstractAimTo determine the diagnostic yield of 18F‐fluorodeoxyglucose positron emission tomography (PET) in disease activity assessment of large vessel vasculitides (LVV).MethodsPatients with LVV who had undergone PET (between 2004 and June 2010) or PET co‐registered with computed tomography (PET/CT; since June 2010) were identified. Clinical disease activity was assessed using established scoring systems. PET images were reviewed by two blinded nuclear medicine physicians. Uptake of the aortic wall was compared to the liver uptake utilizing a visual 4‐point score, with a vessel wall uptake similar or higher than liver uptake considered as active disease. Various target‐to‐background ratios were calculated. Receiver operator characteristics analysis was applied to determine the diagnostic accuracy of PET for detecting clinically active disease. Interobserver agreement of visual readings was measured with Cohen´s kappa.ResultsEighty examinations in 62 patients were analyzed, with a mean time between diagnosis and PET of 106 ± 171 weeks. Fifty‐seven cases were finally classified as clinically active and 23 cases as clinically inactive. With a cut‐off value of 1.3, the aorta‐to‐liver ratio yielded a sensitivity and specificity of 84.2% and 82.6% (area under the curve 0.9). Overall, sensitivity and specificity of visual analysis were 68.4% and 91.3%, but sensitivity decreased to 54% in patients treated for more than 3 months. Interobserver agreement of visual rating was excellent (κ: 0.93).ConclusionPositron emission tomography is specific and reliable in disease activity assessment of LVV, but lacks sensitivity for detecting active disease in patients under long‐term immunosuppressive treatment.
Association between cumulative methotrexate dose, non‐invasive scoring system and hepatic fibrosis detected by Fibroscan in rheumatoid arthritis patients receiving methotrexate
Authors: Lertnawapan Ratchaya , Chonprasertsuk Soonthorn , Siramolpiwat Sith 
Published: December 2018

AbstractBackgroundMethotrexate (MTX) is recommended by recent American College of Rheumatology and European League against Rheumatism guidelines as a first‐line drug for rheumatoid arthritis (RA). Liver fibrosis, which occurs as a long‐term side effect is of major concern. Monitoring aminotransferase and albumin is suggested in the guidelines, unfortunately this method is unreliable for detecting liver fibrosis. We try to find the association between clinical parameters, cumulative MTX dosage, liver fibrosis scoring systems and the presence of liver fibrosis assessed by transient elastography (TE; Fibroscan®).MethodRheumatoid arthritis patients prescribed MTX were evaluated for liver fibrosis with TE. Two subgroups of patients were compared: non‐fibrosis and fibrosis (TE > 7 kPa). Univariate and multivariate logistic regression analysis was performed to identify factors associated with liver fibrosis.ResultsOne hundred and eight patients were recruited. Twenty‐nine patients (26.8%) were classified by transient elastography as liver fibrosis cases. The multivariate analysis demonstrated statistical significance only in the association of body mass index (odds ratio [OR] = 1.22; 95% CI 1.05‐1.41; P = 0.01); fatty liver (OR = 2.32; 95% CI 1.58‐9.19; P = 0.02); alanine transaminase (OR = 1.04; 95% CI 1.02‐1.09; P = 0.04) and cumulative MTX dosage (OR = 1.03; 95% CI 1.01‐1.04; P = 0.001).ConclusionsLiver fibrosis measured with Fibroscan was associated with cumulative MTX. RA patients with metabolic syndrome including high body mass index and fatty liver, had a higher risk of MTX‐induced hepatic fibrosis. RA patients with high cumulative MTX dose, especially patients with concurrent metabolic syndrome, should be cautiously monitored for liver fibrosis.
Association of good oncological response to therapy with the development of rheumatic immune‐related adverse events following PD‐1 inhibitor therapy
Authors: Liew David F. L. , Leung Jessica L. Y. , Liu Bonnia , Cebon Jonathan , Frauman Albert G. , Buchanan Russell R. C. 
Published: December 2018

AbstractAimTo investigate whether any patient or treatment characteristics are associated with the development of rheumatic immune‐related adverse events (irAEs) following programmed cell death protein 1 (PD‐1) inhibitor therapy for cancer.MethodThis was a retrospective chart review of all patients who were dispensed nivolumab or pembrolizumab at a single center before 1 January, 2017, with follow‐up until 1 July, 2017. Patients with any diagnosis of a non‐cutaneous irAE were identified, regardless of severity, and rheumatic irAEs were characterized.ResultsOf 244 episodes of therapy, a non‐cutaneous irAE occurred in 72 (29.5%). Rheumatic irAEs were diagnosed in 19 episodes of therapy (7.8%), with 12 de novo diagnoses (5.1% of episodes without a pre‐existing autoimmune rheumatic disease) and 7 exacerbations of existing disease. Review by a rheumatologist occurred in only 11 of these. Rheumatic irAEs were more common in patients with a good oncological response to therapy (relative risk [RR] 11.16), those being treated for melanoma (RR 2.94) and those who developed another non‐cutaneous irAE (RR 2.64).ConclusionRheumatic irAEs are relatively common with PD‐1 inhibitor therapy, and appear to be associated with a good oncological response to therapy. Many rheumatic irAEs were not referred to rheumatological services. Prospective systematic investigation would be of benefit to explore these characteristics.
Assessment of the validity and reliability of the Jenkins Sleep Scale in ankylosing spondylitis
Authors: Duruoz Mehmet Tuncay , Ulutatar Firat , Ozturk Ekim Can , Unal‐Ulutatar Cagri , Sanal Toprak Canan , Kayhan Onder 
Published: December 2018

AbstractAimAnkylosing spondylitis (AS) affects sleep quality. Jenkins Sleep Scale (JSS) Evaluation Questionnaire is a simple and easy to understand scale. The aim of this study is to constitute validity and reliability of JSS‐TR in AS patients.MethodsJenkins Sleep Scale was translated and culturally adapted by using guidelines. Clinical and demographic data of AS patients were noted. Correlations with other functional parameters such as Multidimensional Assessment of Fatigue (MAF) scale, Ankylosing Spondylitis Quality of Life (ASQoL), Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI) were used to assess convergent validity of JSS‐TR (Turkish version). Discriminant validity was also assessed. Shapiro‐Wilk test was used as a test of normality. Spearman's rank correlation coefficient (rho) was used to assess the relation.ResultsSixty patients (24 female and 36 male) with mean age of 39.6 ± 10.8 years were recruited. The JSS‐TR took an average of 1.5 minutes (±30 seconds) to complete. JSS‐TR had the strongest correlation with PSQI scores (ρ = 0.75) and moderate‐strong correlations with MAF, ASQoL, and Bath Ankylosing Spondylitis Disease Activity Index (BASDAI) scores. There was insignificant correlation with non‐clinical parameters.ConclusionsJSS‐TR is a valid, simple and feasible sleep instrument that can be easily applied to AS patients both in research and clinical settings.
A nuclear lamina‐chromatin‐Ran GTPase axis modulates nuclear import and DNA damage signaling
Authors: Dworak Natalia , Makosa Dawid , Chatterjee Mandovi , Jividen Kasey , Yang Chun‐Song , Snow Chelsi , Simke William C. , Johnson Isaac G. , Kelley Joshua B. , Paschal Bryce M. 
Published: December 2018

AbstractThe Ran GTPase regulates nuclear import and export by controlling the assembly state of transport complexes. This involves the direct action of RanGTP, which is generated in the nucleus by the chromatin‐associated nucleotide exchange factor, RCC1. Ran interactions with RCC1 contribute to formation of a nuclear:cytoplasmic (N:C) Ran protein gradient in interphase cells. In previous work, we showed that the Ran protein gradient is disrupted in fibroblasts from Hutchinson–Gilford progeria syndrome (HGPS) patients. The Ran gradient disruption in these cells is caused by nuclear membrane association of a mutant form of Lamin A, which induces a global reduction in heterochromatin marked with Histone H3K9me3 and Histone H3K27me3. Here, we have tested the hypothesis that heterochromatin controls the Ran gradient. Chemical inhibition and depletion of the histone methyltransferases (HMTs) G9a and GLP in normal human fibroblasts reduced heterochromatin levels and caused disruption of the Ran gradient, comparable to that observed previously in HGPS fibroblasts. HMT inhibition caused a defect in nuclear localization of TPR, a high molecular weight protein that, owing to its large size, displays a Ran‐dependent import defect in HGPS. We reasoned that pathways dependent on nuclear import of large proteins might be compromised in HGPS. We found that nuclear import of ATM requires the Ran gradient, and disruption of the Ran gradient in HGPS causes a defect in generating nuclear γ‐H2AX in response to ionizing radiation. Our data suggest a lamina–chromatin–Ran axis is important for nuclear transport regulation and contributes to the DNA damage response.
Withdrawal from Brief Repeated Alcohol Treatment in Adolescent and Adult Male and Female Rats
Authors: Fleming Weston , Jones Quincy , Chandra Upasana , Saini Aashna , Walker David , Francis Reynold , Ocampo Gabriela , Kuhn Cynthia 
Published: December 2018

BackgroundEarly initiation of alcohol drinking has been associated with increased risk of alcohol dependence in adulthood. Although negative affect mediated in part by corticotropin‐releasing factor (CRF) is a strong motivator for alcohol consumption in adults, comparisons of alcohol withdrawal in adolescents and adults generally have not included CRF‐related measures such as anxiety. The purpose of the present study was to compare withdrawal signs including anxiety‐like behavior after a brief multiday alcohol treatment in adolescent and adult male and female rats.MethodsAnimals were treated with a 5‐day regimen of alcohol injections (3 daily intraperitoneal injections of 1.5 g/kg at 3‐hour intervals, total of 15) starting on postnatal day (PN) 28 or PN 70. Spontaneous withdrawal signs and anxiety‐like behavior (light/dark box) were assessed 18 hours after the last injection as described. One cohort of rats was treated with alcohol, killed 18 hours after the last injection, and blood was collected to assess corticosterone. Another cohort of rats was treated with alcohol or vehicle, given 1, 2, or 3 alcohol injections (1.5 g/kg), and killed 1 hour after final injection to determine blood alcohol concentration (BAC). Finally, adult and adolescent males and females received 5 days of alcohol or vehicle treatment followed by a final challenge with alcohol (3 g/kg), and blood was collected for corticosterone.ResultsBAC was comparable in adolescents and adults. Spontaneous withdrawal signs were comparable in adolescents and adults, and no sex differences were observed. Anxiety‐like behaviors (time and distance in light, latency to emerge, and light entries) differed in alcohol‐ and vehicle‐treated adults but not adolescents. Corticosterone was not elevated at withdrawal. Alcohol increased corticosterone significantly in vehicle‐treated animals, but both adolescents and adults were tolerant to alcohol‐induced elevation of corticosterone after 5 days of alcohol treatment.ConclusionsThese findings suggest that adolescents experience milder negative affect during withdrawal from brief alcohol exposures relative to adults but comparable suppression of hypothalamic‐pituitary‐adrenal axis function.
Genome‐wide differential DNA methylation in tropically adapted Creole cattle and their Iberian ancestors
Authors: Sevane N. , Martínez R. , Bruford M. W. 
Published: December 2018

SummaryEnhancing climate resilience and sustainable production for animals in harsh environments are important goals for the livestock industry given the predicted impacts of climate change. Rapid adaptation to extreme climatic conditions has already been imposed on livestock species, including those exported after Columbus's arrival in the Americas. We compared the methylomes of two Creole cattle breeds living in tropical environments with their putative Spanish ancestors to understand the epigenetic mechanisms underlying rapid adaptation of a domestic species to a new and more physiologically challenging environment. Reduced representation bisulfite sequencing was used to assess differences in methylation in Creole and Spanish samples and revealed 334 differentially methylated regions using high stringency parameters (P‐value <0.01, ≥4 CpGs within a distance of 200 bp, mean methylation difference >25%) annotated to 263 unique features. Gene ontology analysis revealed candidate genes involved in tropical adaptation processes, including genes differentially hyper‐ or hypomethylated above 80% in Creole samples displaying biological functions related to immune response (IRF6, PTGDR, FAM19A5, PGLYRP1), nervous system (GBX2, NKX2‐8, RPGR), energy management (BTD), heat resistance (CYB561) and skin and coat attributes (LGR6). Our results entail that major environmental changes imposed on Creole cattle have had an impact on their methylomes measurable today, which affects genes implicated in important pathways for adaptation. Although further work is needed, this first characterization of methylation patterns driven by profound environmental change provides a valuable pointer for the identification of biomarkers of resilience for improved cattle performance and welfare under predicted climatic change models.