bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Sofosbuvir, Velpatasvir and Voxilaprevir for Treatment of Chronic Hepatitis C Virus Patients Non-Responder to Previous Sofosbuvir-Daclatasvir Therapy
Authors: Ghareeb Hassan A , Kamal Maha M , Anwar Christina A , Saad Ahmed Mohamed A , Abdel-Mageed Hala M 
Published: November 2024

Abstract

Background
Egypt is one of the countries with a high HCV burden; the percentage of HCV antibody positivity is 4.61 % of Egyptian general population. The advent of oral direct-acting antivirals (DAAs), as a treatment for chronic hepatitis C (CHC), has revolutionized the field with obvious safety and efficacy privileges. Despite the high rates of SVR achieved with DAAs, HCV is not eliminated from a considerable proportion of patients (1-15%). So, a new problem has emerged which is the need for re-treatment of patients who couldn’t be cured with DAAs in the first instance.

Aim of the Work
to evaluate the efficacy of sofosbuvir, velpatasvir, voxilaprevir for previously DAA-(Sofosbuvir–Daclatasvir)-treated Egyptian patients who failed to achieve SVR after their treatment.

Patients and Methods
This study was performed in Ahmed Maher Teaching Hospital, Cairo, Egypt, Internal Medicine Department. The study included 139 patients with chronic hepatitis C Non- responder to Previous Sofosbuvir-Daclatasvir Therapy. Patients enrolled in the study were prospectively evaluated as outpatients by the study staff at 4, 8, 12 weeks and at 12 weeks post-treatment. All the patients were subjected to history taking, clinical examination, complete biochemical and virological studies.

Results
The overall treatment outcome: there was a statistically highly significant difference in PCR before treatment (100%+ve) and after treatment (97.1%-ve) 3 month after treatment. Throughout the study, most of the patients were responders (97.1% achieved SVR 12).

Conclusion
Rescue therapy with SOF/VEL/VOX is safe and highly effective, for treatment of chronic hepatitis C virus patients non-responder to previous Sofosbuvir-Daclatasvir therapy achieving SVR12 rates 97.1%.
Assessment of Nutrition Risk in Patients with Inflammatory Bowel Disease
Authors: Ibrahim Wesam Ahmed , Ali El-Gaaly Sonya Ahmed , Ahmed Elessawy Hagar Ahmed , Mousa Mahmoud Ali 
Published: November 2024

Abstract

Background
Inflammatory Bowel Disease (IBD), encompassing Crohn's disease, ulcerative colitis, and related disorders, presents a significant challenge as a chronic inflammatory condition affecting the gastrointestinal tract. Malnutrition is a prevalent and often overlooked complication in IBD patients, contributing to poor clinical outcomes.

Aim of the Work
This study aimed to assess the prevalence of malnutrition and nutritional risk among IBD patients attending or admitted to the gastroenterology unit at Ain Shams University Hospital and to evaluate the effectiveness of the SaskIBD-NR tool in identifying patients at risk.

Patients and Methods
A cross-sectional study involving 100 diagnosed IBD patients was conducted. Data regarding demographics, disease characteristics, unintended weight loss, and nutritional risk were collected. The SaskIBD-NR tool was employed to assess malnutrition risk.

Results
The study revealed a notable prevalence of malnutrition and nutritional risk among IBD patients, with a considerable proportion experiencing unintended weight loss. The SaskIBD-NR tool showed promise in identifying patients at nutritional risk, with a significant correlation observed between SaskIBD-NR scores and body mass index (BMI).

Conclusion
Malnutrition is a common issue in IBD patients, affecting clinical outcomes and quality of life. Routine screening for malnutrition using tools such as SaskIBD-NR can aid in early identification and intervention, potentially improving patient outcomes and reducing healthcare burdens.
Effect of Ascorbic Acid Alone versus Combined Ascorbic Acid with Iron Supplement in Management of Functional Iron Deficiency Anemia in Hemodialysis Patients
Authors: Shenouda Hanna Maria Hanna , Baky Aber Halim , Eldin Zaki Mohamed salah , Mansour Amr Mohamed 
Published: November 2024

Abstract

Background
Anemia is a prevalent symptom of ESKD and is associated with an increased risk of hospitalization and mortality. Anemia is defined as a lack of erythropoietin production, decreased red blood cell survival, and blood loss from the dialysis circuit.

Aim of the Work
The goal of this study is to determine the efficacy of oral ascorbic acid (AA) in treating anemia in persons with ESKD who also have elevated ferritin levels.

Patients and Methods
50 patients with early-stage kidney disease (ESKD) who underwent standard HD were divided into two groups: group A (25 patients) received oral ascorbic acid 250 mg once daily for six months along with iron supplementation, while group B (25 patients of the same age and sex) received oral ascorbic acid without iron supplementation.

Results
Group A (combined vitamin C and iron) exhibited considerably increased transferrin saturation after 3 and 6 months of treatment. At 3 and 6 months following treatment, transferrin saturation increased in individuals in Group A (combined vitamin C and iron) compared to baseline.

Conclusion
The current study's findings suggest that anemia is a common concern among ESRD patients, particularly those on hemodialysis. Iron and vitamin C can be used together to treat iron deficient anemia more effectively.
Association between Chronic Kidney Disease and Non-Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease: A Cross Sectional Study
Authors: Baioumy Essam Mohammed , Elgaaly Sonia Ahmed , Fathallah Ahmed Magdy , Bebawy Marina Maurice 
Published: November 2024

Abstract

Background
The concept of chronic kidney disease (CKD) continues to evolve from a common pathway initiated by unrelated diseases into a number of complications and adaptations that affect the function of every organ. Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is a public health problem worldwide. Evidence linking NAFLD to the development and progression of CKD is emerging as a popular area of scientific interest. NAFLD and CKD are associated with poor outcomes and high costs; they have become major public health problems.

Aim of the Work
To assess the prevalence of NAFLD in CKD patients

Patients and Methods
This was a retrospective cross-sectional study that was conducted on patients with CKD at the National Institute of Urology and Nephrology, Cairo, Egypt.

Results
Our study revealed that, there was highly statistically significant increase among NAFLD Group than No NAFLD Group regarding CKD stages. Also, there was statistically significant increase among NAFLD Group than No NAFLD Group regarding Obesity and Hypertension, and there was highly statistically significant increase among NAFLD Group than No NAFLD Group regarding metabolic syndrome, and there was no statistically significant difference between the non NAFLD Group and NAFLD Group regarding Diabetes.

Conclusion
NAFLD and NAFLD with traditional comorbidities are associated with the risk of prevalence of CKD. It is recommended that patients with NAFLD, especially those with coexisting comorbidities, should be carefully accessed for the development of CKD. Future studies should focus on the mechanisms and therapeutic targets for both NAFLD and CKD in a comorbid setting.
The Effect of Hypoglycemia on Central Retinal Function in Patients with Diabetes
Authors: Ahmed Matared Marwa Mohsen , Eid Yara Mohamed , El Shazly Amany Abd El-Fatah , Eldin Ahmed Mohamed Bahaa , Pios Mark Nabil , Ashour Doaa Maamoun Mohamed 
Published: November 2024

Abstract

Background
According to the International Diabetes Federation report for 2021, approximately 537 million individuals are living with diabetes, and it is projected to reach 783 million by 2045. Diabetic ocular complications are asymptomatic at early stages and cause visual impairment unless diagnosed early and treated. In addition to the well-known effect of hyperglycemia, previous studies highlighted the possible structural and functional effects of profound hypoglycemia in both the central (CNS) and the peripheral nervous system (PN).

Objective
The aim of this study was to explore the effect of recurrent hypoglycemic attacks and its effect on central retinal function in human's eye.

Methods
This was a prospective case control study which was conducted on 20 eyes of diabetic patients type 2 at diabetes outpatient clinic at Ain Shams university Hospital, over a period of 10 months from Jan 2023 to October 2023, divided into two groups: group A which included type 2 diabetic patients who experienced minimal level 1 hypoglycemic episodes within 3 months and group B which included type 2 diabetic patients who experienced recurrent episodes of level 2/level 3 hypoglycemia within 3 months, to explore the effect of recurrent hypoglycemia on central retinal function in type 2 diabetic patients.

Results
the present study suggests that recurrent hypoglycemia affects the function of retina by the decrease in p1 amplitude mainly in central retina in a sequential manner evident by affection of rings 1 and 2 in first visit then rings 2 and 3 in follow up visit, and that stage of hypoglycemia is the most determinant factor

Conclusion
Hypoglycemia affects the central retinal function as evident by decrease in p1 amplitudes and retinal response densities in rings 1 and 2 by MF-ERG corresponding to fovea and parafovea. Recurrent attacks of hypoglycemia has a sequential effect that it affects perifovea ring 3 P1, N1 amplitude with no effect on peripheral retina.
Effect of Different Vascular Accesses on Inflammatory Markers and Outcome in Maintenance Hemodialysis Patients
Authors: Gerges Boshra Mikhaiel , El Said Heba Wahid Mohamed , Ahmed Fatma Abdelrahman , Tawfik Ahmed Mohamed 
Published: November 2024

Abstract

Background
Haemodialysis is a vital treatment for all uremic patients to survive. For those who need dialysis for a long time, establishing and maintaining permanent vascular accesses with good function is a crucial condition for prolonging their survival.

Aim of the Work
To study the effect of different types of vascular access on infection risk (apparent, hidden infection, patterns of microbial infection, antibiotic sensitivity, and outcome among maintenance hemodialysis patients).

Patients and Methods
This study is a prospective cohort study. This study conducted in Ain Shams University Hospitals, Nephrology Department Hemodialysis units. In 6 months.

Results
In the current study we found that Mean ± SD of Age (years) 49.5±8.4 and Duration of HD (years) was 3.2±1.9. Males and females were almost equal (46.0 % and 54.0% respectively). Cases from El-Demerdash and ASHUSH were 60.3% and 39.7% respectively. Catheters were temporary catheter, AVF and AVG; 49.2%, 31.7% and 19.0% respectively. In the current study we found that less than fifth of cases had Leucocytosis and Elevated procalcitonin in months 2 and 3. No significant statistical differences according to catheter type regarding demographic characteristics. Leucocytosis and Elevated procalcitonin in months 2 and 3 were most frequent in temporary catheter, followed by AVG and least frequent in AVF, the differences were significant only in leucocytosis. In the current study we found that Mean ± SD of temporary catheter duration (weeks) was 3.4±1. The access sites were Right jugular, right subclavian, left jugular and left subclavian; 41.9%, 25.8%, 22.6% and 9.7% respectively. Duration of temporary catheter was significantly higher in cases with peripheral positive culture. No statistically significant difference according to peripheral culture findings regarding temporary catheter access site. Duration of temporary catheter was significantly higher in cases with central positive culture. No significant statistical difference according to peripheral culture findings regarding temporary catheter access site.

Conclusion
the growing body of knowledge in nephrology and infectious disease management, offering insights that can inform clinical practice and improve patient outcomes in the haemodialysis setting.
The Role of Fecal Matrix Metalloprotease-9 as a Non-Invasive Marker in Diagnosis and Assessment of Clinical Activity in Inflammatory Bowel Disease Patients
Authors: Wardhere Mohamed Abdulkadir , Abd Elmageed Khaled Hamdy , Halima Ahmed Samir Abo , Elhady Abeer Abd Elraof Abd 
Published: November 2024

Abstract

Background
The two main types of inflammatory bowel diseases [IBD] are —Crohn’s disease [CD] and ulcerative colitis [UC]. Only limited data are available regarding the diagnostic accuracy of fecal matrix metalloprotease-9 [MMP-9] for inflammatory bowel disease [IBD].

Aim of the Work
the aim of our study was to assess the diagnostic role of fecal MMP-9 in patients with active CD and UC and its accuracy in predicting the disease remission

Patients and Methods
This case-control study was conducted at Ain Shams University Hospitals, Cases were enrolled over 9 months from june - 2022 to february - 2023. This study was performed on 80 subjects divided into 3 groups: Group A: 30 patients with Crohn’s disease evidenced by endoscopy (ileo-colonoscopy and upper GI endoscopy) and tissue biopsy 15 patients with active disease & 15 patients in remission). Group B: 30 patients with Ulcerative Colitis disease evidenced by colonoscopy and tissue biopsy (15 patients with active disease & 15 patients in remission). Group C: 20 age-matched, sex-matched healthy controls

Results
FC can significantly assess CD and UC (AUC= 0.991 for CD and 0.996 for UC at cut off &gt;743 µg/g for CD and &gt;245 µg/g for UC, 93.33% sensitivity, 100% specificity, 100% PPV and 93.7 NPV (P value &lt;0.001). Fecal MMP-9 can significantly assess CD and UC (AUC= 0.998 for CD and 0.991 for UC at cut off &gt;0.34 ng/mL for CD and &gt;0.36 ng/mL for UC, 93.33% sensitivity, 100% specificity, 100% PPV and 93.7 NPV (P value &lt;0.001);

Conclusion
this study assesed the diagnostic accuracy of fecal MMP-9 in the different types of IBD. The results showed that fecal MMP-9 has high sensitivity in the detection of endoscopically active UC and CD, and these non-invasive methods help in assessing intestinal inflammation.
Serum Visfatin Level Role in Diagnosis of Active Inflamatory Bowel Diseases
Authors: Aboghanm Mohamed Ali Abdelghany , Sayed Tarek Mohamed Youssef , Elshafie Ahmed Ibrahim Mohamed , Abdelnaby Karim Ahmed Mahmoud 
Published: November 2024

Abstract

Background
Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) is a chronic inflammatory disorder of the gastrointestinal tract, including ulcerative colitis (UC) and Crohn's disease (CD). The pathophysiology of IBD involves various factors such as intestinal microbiota, aberrant immune responses, environmental variables, and genetic predisposition. Immunological dysregulation characterized by inflammation and immune cell infiltration contributes to the development of IBD. Proinflammatory cytokines, including TNF, IL-1, IFN-, and cytokines of the IL-23/Th17 pathway, are produced in large quantities, leading to inflammation and tissue damage. Adipose tissue, particularly visceral adipose tissue, produces adipokines that can exacerbate inflammation in IBD.

Aim of the Work
to evaluate the role of visfatin, an adipokine, in the diagnosis, disease activity, and correlation with clinical findings in newly diagnosed IBD patients. This study was a Case Control study that was conducted in gastroenterology outpatient clinic, Alex fever hospital and Ain Shams University over 60 studied subjects divided into two groups.

Patients and Methods
Demographic data, clinical parameters, inflammatory markers, and serum visfatin levels were analyzed in IBD patients and healthy controls. The severity and activity of the disease were assessed using various diagnostic procedures, including endoscopy, blood testing, stool analysis, and imaging examinations.

Results
There were no statistically significant differences in demographic data between the IBD patients and healthy controls. However, significant differences were observed in clinical parameters, inflammatory markers, and serum visfatin levels among the studied groups. IBD patients showed abnormal findings in CBC, lipid profile, HbA1C, inflammatory tests, and fecal calprotectin compared to healthy controls. Serum visfatin levels were significantly higher in IBD patients than in the control group, indicating its potential role in IBD pathogenesis. Previous studies have suggested that adipokines, including visfatin, can modulate inflammation in IBD. Elevated visfatin levels have been associated with bowel inflammation and have been proposed as a marker for disease activity and severity. However, the correlation between serum visfatin levels and disease activity remains inconclusive. Some studies have reported higher visfatin levels in CD compared to UC, while others have found no significant difference between the two subtypes.

Conclusion
The serum visfatin level was significantly higher in newly diagnosed patients with IBD than in controls. Serum visfatin might be a novel noninvasive marker to detect activity in IBD patients and can be used as a predictor of disease extension in patients with UC. Further studies on big sample sizes and on different populations are recommended to confirm these results.
Evaluation of Albumin-Bilirubin Score in Predicting Post-Transplant Complications Following Adult Living Donor Liver Transplantation
Authors: Farag Mohamed Ali , Abd-Elaleem Mostafa Hamed , Abdel-Baset Hany Saied , Eltabbakh Mohamed Mahmoud 
Published: November 2024

Abstract

Background
Liver transplantation is a life-saving therapeutic intervention that contributes to a better quality of life in patients with end-stage or acute liver failure. Receiving a lobe of liver from living donor is a life time gift don’t waste it and be grateful.

Patients and Methods
Our study was conducted on patients underwent LT at Liver Transplantation Unit, Cairo Fatemic Hospital (Cairo, Egypt) from April 2018 till December 2021 with follow up of enrolled patient for 6 months' afterword. There were 112 patients underwent LT at the period of the study, 108 of them met the inclusion criteria and were enrolled in the study while 4 cases were excluded (pediatric cases). The study protocol conformed to the ethical guidelines of the 1975 Declaration of Helsinki, and was approved by Ain Shams University Research Ethics Committee (REC).

Results
This study showed male predominance among enrolled patients 71 cases (65.7%), with mean age of 48.09 ± 12.79 years' old and mean BMI of 27.84 ± 5.99. The most commonly recorded indications of LT in our study were HCC, ESLD due to HCV or HBV, AIH and cryptogenic liver cirrhosis. The overall incidence of post-operative complications was 43.5% (47 out of 108 cases) and the most frequent cause was biliary complications. ALBI score was higher in complicated cases than uncomplicated cases without reaching statistical significance.

Conclusion
The study concluded that ALBI score may be a good prognostic score for prediction of post- transplant complications following living donor liver transplantation to be evaluated in larger scale studies.
Comparison between Low Flux and High Flux Hemodialysis in Rebound of the Metabolic Profile and in Post-Dialysis Recovery Time in Prevalent Hemodialysis Patients
Authors: Elshemy Mohamed Rashad , Elsayed Hesham Mohamed , Kamel Chery Reda , Abd Elaziz Haitham Ezzat , Hussein Hussein Sayed 
Published: November 2024

Abstract

Background
It is known that the high flux membranes now are widely used all over the world due to the higher permeability of the high flux membranes compared to low flux ones to middle molecules, remove more serum endotoxins and improve the patient general condition and quality of life. This study aims at exploring the effect of using High flux membrane in rebound metabolic profile in the prevalent hemodialysis patients and also its effect on post dialysis recovery time

Methods
This descriptive analytic study included the available data in hemodialysis patients in Port- Said Al Eman Hemodialysis Unit. Data was collected between March and September 2022. This clinical trial, 100 patients who met the inclusion criteria were randomly assigned to have their regular hemodialysis sessions with low flux dialysis membranes and examined for rebound metabolic laboratory investigations (4 hours post dialysis) and post dialysis recovery time questionnaire DRT, then compare the same previois parameters while using high flux dialysis membranes and consider which of both dialysers is better to use for the hemodialysis patients

Results
Of the 100 patients in the sample the Mean 4 hours post dialysis urea in low flux was 106.65 ± 3.1 and in high flux was 76.67 ± 3.1. Mean 4 hours post dialysis phosphorus in low flux was 6.17 ± 0.14 and in high flux was 4.45 ± 0.14. Mean 4 hours post dialysis CRP in low flux was 7.88 ± 0.72 and in high flux which was 3.84 ± 0.72. Mean 4 hours post dialysis Calcium in low flux was 9.17 ± 0.09 and in high flux which was 9.77 ± 0.09. Mean 4 hours post dialysis Potassium in low flux was 5.3 ± 0.08 and in high flux which was 4.7 ± 0.08. Mean 4 hours post dialysis Magnesium in low flux was 2.24 ± 0.03 and in high flux which was 2.33 ± 0.03. Mean 4 hours post dialysis Bicarbonate in low flux was 21.96 ± 0.27 and in high flux which was 24.23 ± 0.27. Significant strong correlation between The fewer CRP Rebound 4 hours post and the shorter the post dialysis recovery time in high flux membrane p = 0.003. Significant strong correlation between The fewer Ultrafiltration volume removal and the shorter the post dialysis recovery time in both dialysers p &lt; 0.001. Significant strong correlation between The lower decrease in serum Bicarbonate level and post dialysis 4 hours and post dialysis recovery time in high flux membranes p &lt; 0.001.

Conclusion
The fewer CRP rebound and higher Bicarbonate serum concentration 4 hours post dialysis and the shorter the post dialysis recovery time.