bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Global Incidence and Prevalence of Chronic Rhinosinusitis: A Systematic Review
Authors: Min Hye Kyu , Lee Sooji , Kim Soeun , Son Yejun , Park Jaeyu , Kim Hyeon Jin , Lee Jinseok , Lee Hayeon , Smith Lee , Rahmati Masoud , Kang Jiseung , Papadopoulos Nikolaos G. , Cho Seong H. , Hahn Jong Woo , Yon Dong Keon 
Published: November 2024

ABSTRACTObjectiveData on the global prevalence of chronic rhinosinusitis (CRS) is significantly varied and limited across countries and over time. Therefore, we aimed to conduct a comprehensive investigation into the global, regional, and national burden of CRS from the years 1980 to 2021, as well as identify those factors that influence levels of such burden.DesignWe conducted a systematic review and meta‐analysis of general population‐based observational studies focusing on CRS. We calculated pooled estimates of CRS prevalence and incidence with 95% confidence intervals (CIs). Subgroup analyses were conducted stratifying by sex, age cohorts, geographic regions, smoking status, obesity, and comorbid conditions.Data SourcesPubMed/MEDLINE, EMBASE, CINAHL, Google Scholar, and Cochrane databases.Eligibility Criteria for SelectionWe included general population‐based observational studies on CRS published from database inception through October 20, 2023.ResultsA total of 28 eligible studies, encompassing more than 237 million participants and 11,342,923 patients with CRS from 20 countries across four continents, were included in the analysis. Global pooled prevalence of CRS and CRS with nasal polyps (CRSwNP) was found to be 8.71% (95% CI, 6.69–11.33; number of studies, 20) and 0.65% (95% CI, 0.56–0.75; number of studies, 4), respectively. The prevalence of CRS was greater in Europe compared with North America, South America, and Asia; adults compared with children; smokers compared with never‐smoker; those with obesity compared with normal weight; and those with comorbidities such as asthma, diabetes mellitus, eczema, and nasal septal deviation. Pooled prevalence of CRS increased from 1980 to 2020 (1980–2000: 4.72%; 95% CI, 2.12–10.49; 2014–2020: 19.40%; 95% CI, 12.12–31.07). Similar patterns were observed in CRS incidence.ConclusionsOur study provides valuable insights into CRS prevalence and incidence across diverse demographic and clinical factors, highlighting its increasing global burden. The reported prevalence of CRS varies internationally, and may be increasing over time. To enhance data quality and comparability, standardization of reporting methodologies is imperative.Systematic Review RegistrationPROSPERO (registration no. CRD42024527805).
GETr: A Geometric Equivariant Transformer for Point Cloud Registration
Authors: Yu Chang , Zhang Sanguo , Shen Li‐Yong 
Published: November 2024

AbstractAs a fundamental problem in computer vision, 3D point cloud registration (PCR) aims to seek the optimal transformation to align point cloud pairs. Meanwhile, the equivariance lies at the core of matching point clouds at arbitrary pose. In this paper, we propose GETr, a geometric equivariant transformer for PCR. By learning the point‐wise orientations, we decouple the coordinate to the pose of the point clouds, which is the key to achieve equivariance in our framework. Then we utilize attention mechanism to learn the geometric features for superpoints matching, the proposed novel self‐attention mechanism encodes the geometric information of point clouds. Finally, the coarse‐to‐fine manner is used to obtain high‐quality correspondence for registration. Extensive experiments on both indoor and outdoor benchmarks demonstrate that our method outperforms various existing state‐of‐the‐art methods.
A Surface‐based Appearance Model for Pennaceous Feathers
Authors: Padrón‐Griffe Juan Raúl , Lanza Dario , Jarabo Adrián , Muñoz Adolfo 
Published: November 2024

AbstractThe appearance of a real‐world feather results from the complex interaction of light with its multi‐scale biological structure, including the central shaft, branching barbs, and interlocking barbules on those barbs. In this work, we propose a practical surface‐based appearance model for feathers. We represent the far‐field appearance of feathers using a BSDF that implicitly represents the light scattering from the main biological structures of a feather, such as the shaft, barb and barbules. Our model accounts for the particular characteristics of feather barbs such as the non‐cylindrical cross‐sections and the scattering media via a numerically‐based BCSDF. To model the relative visibility between barbs and barbules, we derive a masking term for the differential projected areas of the different components of the feather's microgeometry, which allows us to analytically compute the masking between barbs and barbules. As opposed to previous works, our model uses a lightweight representation of the geometry based on a 2D texture, and does not require explicitly representing the barbs as curves. We show the flexibility and potential of our appearance model approach to represent the most important visual features of several pennaceous feathers.
Palette‐Based Recolouring of Gradient Meshes
Authors: de la Houssaije Willard A. Verschoore , Echevarria Jose , Kosinka Jiří 
Published: November 2024

AbstractGradient meshes are a vector graphics primitive formed by a regular grid of bicubic quad patches. They allow for the creation of complex geometries and colour gradients, with recent extensions supporting features such as local refinement and sharp colour transitions. While many methods exist for recolouring raster images, often achieved by modifying an automatically detected palette of the image, gradient meshes have not received the same amount of attention when it comes to global colour editing. We present a novel method that allows for real‐time palette‐based recolouring of gradient meshes, including gradient meshes constructed using local refinement and containing sharp colour transitions. We demonstrate the utility of our method on synthetic illustrative examples as well as on complex gradient meshes.
Semaglutide improved sperm morphology in obese men with type 2 diabetes mellitus and functional hypogonadism
Authors: Gregorič Nadan , Šikonja Jaka , Janež Andrej , Jensterle Mojca 
Published: November 2024

AbstractAimsTo compare the effects of semaglutide and testosterone replacement therapy (TRT) on semen quality and parameters of functional hypogonadism (FH) in men with type 2 diabetes mellitus and obesity.Materials and MethodsWe designed a randomised open‐label trial in 25 men with type 2 diabetes (aged 50 [46–60] years, BMI 35.9 [32.8–38.7] kg/m2) and FH randomised to semaglutide (SEMA) 1 mg/week or intramuscular testosterone undecanoate (TRT) 1000 mg/10–12 weeks for 24 weeks. Semen analysis and parameters of FH were measured at baseline and after 24 weeks of treatment. Participants completed questionnaires of the International Index of Erectile Function‐15 (IIEF‐15) and the Aging Symptoms in Men (AMS).ResultsThe quality of baseline sperm parameters of our study cohort was poor, below the 5th percentile of reference values. In the SEMA group, there was a significant increase in morphologically normal sperm from baseline to the end of the study (2% [2; 3.5] vs. 4% [2; 5.5]; p = 0.012), whereas sperm concentration and total number decreased significantly in the TRT group. Compared to TRT, the SEMA group had a significantly higher number of morphologically normal sperm, sperm concentration and total number. Both groups experienced an increase in total testosterone and improvement in the AMS score, whereas the IIEF‐15 score significantly improved only in the TRT group.ConclusionSemaglutide markedly improved sperm morphology, total testosterone levels and symptoms of hypogonadism. These findings highlight semaglutide's potential as a therapeutic approach for men with obesity‐related FH who desire fertility.Clinical trial registration numberNCT06489457, www.clinicaltrials.gov.
The cellular and molecular mechanisms mediating the protective effects of sodium–glucose linked transporter 2 inhibitors against metabolic dysfunction‐associated fatty liver disease
Authors: Ao Na , Du Jian , Jin Shi , Suo Linna , Yang Jing 
Published: November 2024

AbstractMetabolic dysfunction‐associated fatty liver disease (MAFLD), formerly known as nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD), is a common, highly heterogeneous condition that affects about a quarter of the world's population, with no approved drug therapy. Current evidence from preclinical research and a number of small clinical trials indicates that SGLT2 inhibitors could also be effective for MAFLD. MAFLD is associated with a higher risk of chronic liver disease and multiple extrahepatic events, especially cardiovascular disease (CVD) and chronic kidney disease (CKD). MAFLD is considered a more appropriate terminology than NAFLD because it captures the complex bidirectional interplay between fatty liver and metabolic dysfunctions associated with disease progression, such as obesity and type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). SGLT2 inhibitors are antidiabetic drugs that block glucose reabsorption in the kidney proximal tubule. In this article, we reviewed current clinical evidence supporting the potential use of SGLT2 inhibitors as a drug therapy for MAFLD and discussed the possible cellular and molecular mechanisms involved. We also reviewed the clinical benefits of SGLT2 inhibitors against MAFLD‐related comorbidities, especially CVD, CKD and cardiovascular–kidney–metabolic syndrome (CKM). The broad beneficial effects of SGLT2 inhibitors support their use, likely in combination with other drugs, as a therapy for MAFLD.
Developing a digital therapeutic for obesity management through 3D human body reconstruction
Authors: Lee Hyunsook , Youm Sekyoung 
Published: November 2024

AbstractThis study introduced a groundbreaking approach to address the pressing public health challenges of obesity management and its associated health implications. By establishing a clear link between obesity and various health issues, this study underscores the critical need for effective interventions. Our team developed a pioneering digital therapeutic tool through the application of advanced 3D artificial intelligence technologies. This innovative solution offers a dynamic visual representation of weight loss and health enhancement journeys for individuals with obesity. By providing a platform for users to monitor their progress in real time, digital therapeutics (DTx) foster deeper engagement and strengthen motivation towards health goals. The experimental results showed that the digital therapeutic received high scores in terms of usability, effectiveness, predictiveness and personalization, user satisfaction, and continuous usage and adherence. These findings suggest that DTx can be a valuable tool for the management and treatment of obesity. The effectiveness of this digital approach was thoroughly assessed from multiple dimensions, showing its significant potential and effectiveness in obesity management. These findings advocate ongoing research in this area, projecting that the continuous evolution of DTx will have a profound positive impact on both personal and public health outcomes.
The Acceptability, Safety and Impact of a Play Co‐Developed With Public Contributors as a Format for Disseminating Research on a Sensitive Subject
Authors: Brooks Cat Papastavrou , Hopewell‐Kelly Noreen , Lewis Natalia V. 
Published: November 2024

ABSTRACTIntroductionPatient and public involvement (PPI) and dissemination of research findings are key parts of the pathway to research impact; however, traditional approaches often fail to engage non‐academic audiences. Creative methods such as co‐developed plays can be effective ways of making the research process and findings more engaging and accessible to the public. Not much is known about how to safely involve patients and the public in the development and delivery of plays disseminating research on sensitive subjects. Members of a PPI group on a study about mindfulness for women with a history of domestic abuse co‐developed and performed a play about their experiences. This study aimed to evaluate the impact, acceptability and safety of a co‐developed play in publicizing PPI and findings from research on domestic abuse.MethodsWe conducted a mixed‐methods study with the play team and audience. We collected 20 quantitative and 56 qualitative survey responses from audience members, carried out 4.25 h of direct observations of play performances and interviewed seven audience members and eight play team members. Data were analyzed using the framework method and descriptive statistics, using a ‘following a thread’ approach to integrate qualitative and quantitative findings in themes answering our study aim.FindingsWe developed three integrated themes with ten sub‐themes. The ‘Value’ theme summarized the plays' impact on audience understanding, potential mechanisms of impact and its effectiveness in depth over breadth of dissemination. The ‘Re‐traumatization’ theme described potential harms of the play, the risks of re‐traumatizing actors and distressing audiences. The ‘Reducing the risks’ theme summarized ways of reducing these risks of harm.ConclusionA play co‐developed and performed by study PPI members raised awareness of domestic abuse. However, there were divergent opinions on its value in disseminating messages about PPI in research on sensitive subjects. The value of the play for research dissemination was linked to its ability to emotionally engage the public, and to its accessibility. Implementing strategies to reduce the risk of re‐traumatizing audience members and the project team is recommended.Patient or Public ContributionEveryone with direct experience of co‐creating and performing the play contributed to this study. This included four public contributors: a community theatre producer, two actors with lived experience of domestic abuse who were members of the study PPI group and one community actor already working with the community theatre. A participatory workshop with PPI contributors was held to refine our research questions and data collection instruments, using a public involvement evaluation tool, The Cube. PPI contributors checked and commented on the draft manuscript.
A Qualitative Exploration of the Socioecological Influences Shaping the Diagnostic Experience and Self‐Management Practices Among People Newly Diagnosed With Multiple Sclerosis
Authors: Wills Olivia , Manche Sarah , Probst Yasmine 
Published: November 2024

ABSTRACTBackgroundPeople newly diagnosed with multiple sclerosis (MS) often pursue ‘health‐related’ behaviour changes to feel in control of their diagnosis. However, little is known about the specific factors that may influence behaviour change during this crucial time. Therefore, we conducted an in‐depth exploration of the socioecological influences impacting the diagnostic experience and self‐management practices following an MS diagnosis.MethodsWe followed a qualitative study design using a phenomenological approach to explore the lived experiences of people newly diagnosed with MS. Analysis was conducted via an iterative process, starting with deductive open coding to map onto the socioecological model, followed by inductive focused coding to extract key themes from participants' reported experiences.ResultsEight participants diagnosed with MS within the past 12 months were interviewed. Four themes were reported across the MS journey, reflecting the different levels of the socioecological model: (1) taking control of a new diagnosis to retain a sense of personal identity—individual level; (2) grief and acceptance guided by community—social connection, community and social environment; (3) practical management of MS in the wider society—policy and government regulation; and (4) global events that greatly upheave the MS journey—natural disasters and societal conflicts, such as a pandemic. These themes highlighted the complex interrelationship between socioecological factors and self‐management abilities in people living with MS.ConclusionsThe diagnostic experience of those with MS is highly complex. Although it varies for each person living with MS, there are shared experiences that often reflect a common cycle of grief. An MS diagnosis provides an opportunity for self‐rediscovery, which can both influence and be influenced by socioecological factors. The social and technical nature of self‐managing MS strongly shapes the diagnostic experience, underpinning many aspects of daily living, social interaction and physical and psychological well‐being.Patient or Public ContributionThe research team worked closely with an MS‐specific consumer panel for the study design. This project was raised with this group, and preliminary results were shared at a national conference for MS during a lived‐experience consumer stream to gain additional insights.
Role of Pakistani e‐libraries in promoting health awareness for the attainment of Sustainable Development Goal‐3
Authors: Soroya Saira Hanif , Sharif Ashraf , Faiola Anthony 
Published: November 2024

AbstractBackgroundPakistan is a densely populated South Asian country. It is facing numerous health challenges, as well as problems of the digital divide. The government of Pakistan established e‐libraries as a pilot project in 2018. These libraries are functioning through community centers/public libraries in the largest province of the country.ObjectiveThis paper examines the role of Pakistani e‐libraries in creating health awareness and providing health information to the public.MethodsThe qualitative research design was based on focus group discussions with the head librarians of all 13 of the 20 e‐libraries contacted.ResultsThe findings revealed that e‐libraries actively create health‐related awareness and connect the public to health advisors. The e‐libraries were engaged in four types of health‐related activities (seminars, awareness campaigns, open health camps, and special health day celebrations) with high attendance from the public. Attendees of these programs returned to librarians with additional health‐related queries.ConclusionsThe study suggests a need for more liaison between the community and local healthcare institutions. This approach can make these programs more effective in helping individuals manage their health. The results of this study can serve as a useful guide for other developing nations in developing similar services.
Body size and abundance patterns of male orchid bees in a fragmented Neotropical landscape
Authors: Guevara Jennifer , Calvache Esteban , Ortega‐Andrade H. Mauricio , Pazmiño‐Palomino Alex 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
Understanding the relationship between functional traits and fragmentation is crucial for promoting biodiversity and ecosystem function. Orchid bees (Euglossini) are important pollinators in Neotropical forests, but how body size may be associated with fragmentation and its influence on community organisation remains unexplored.
We systematically sampled orchid bee communities across 15 plots in a fragmented area in the Ecuadorian Amazon basin to evaluate how patch size and isolation are associated with body size and abundance. Our samples comprised large‐bodied bees (Eulaema, Euglossa and the parasitic Exaerete), with small Euglossa notably absent.
The relative representation of Eulaema species of varying sizes changed across the fragmented landscape, leading to shifts in overall mean body size consistent with the prediction that larger‐bodied pollinators are better at long‐distance movement.
Euglossa, the most abundant genus (67% of the total sample), was found across all patches regardless of body size. Euglossa intersecta and Euglossa orellana, the largest Euglossa in the region, were the most common species across the fragmented landscape.
The abundance of male euglossines experienced a general decline with decreasing patch size and increasing isolation. However, at the species level, the abundance of some species was not affected at all. Because body size often mediates dispersal ability, thermoregulation, and resource use, we reinforce the importance of assessing body size patterns to understand changes in diversity, abundance and the composition of tropical pollinator communities in fragmented landscapes.
Unveiling Macroecological Patterns of Elasmobranchs in the Eastern Pacific Ocean
Authors: Navia Andrés F. , Alfaro‐Shigueto Joanna , Ágreda‐Arango Jose , Areano Elisa , Avalos‐Castillo Cristopher , Bizzarro Joseph J. , Bustamante Carlos , Cevallos Adriana , Concha Francisco J. , Cruz‐Escalona Víctor H. , Ebert David A. , Espinoza Mario , González‐Leiva Alberto , Guzmán Héctor M. , Hearn Alex , Hleap José S. , Mangel Jeffrey C. , Mejía‐Falla Paola A. , Morales‐Saldaña Jorge M. , Santana Heriberto , Sosa‐Nishizaki Oscar , Tovar‐Ávila Javier , Vélez‐Zuazo Ximena 
Published: November 2024

ABSTRACTAimTo examine the species richness, distribution and macroecological patterns of elasmobranch assemblages across a broad latitudinal gradient in the Eastern Pacific Ocean (EPO).LocationThe study area encompasses the Pacific coast of the American continent, spanning from 65°N to 60°S, and extending from the coastline to approximately 1000 km offshore, encompassing the oceanic archipelagos.TaxonElasmobranchs.MethodsUtilising the established distribution ranges of 190 elasmobranch species (comprising 89 sharks and 101 rays), we assessed the richness and spatial distribution of these species across the EPO. Subsequently, three macroecological patterns were scrutinised: Rapoport's rule, the Mid Domain Effect with its association to Mean Sea Surface Temperature, and the correlation between body size and latitudinal distribution.ResultsThe analysis of species richness along latitudinal gradients unveiled a bimodal pattern, reaching peaks between 30° to 20°N and 10°N to 5°S. A decline in species richness was observed from tropical to polar regions. Contrary to Rapoport's Rule, Stevens' and midpoint methods demonstrated higher geographic range values at lower latitudes, diminishing towards higher latitudes. Additionally, the mid‐domain effect model exhibited a robust correlation with the mean sea surface temperature. Exploring the interspecific relationship between body size and extent of occurrence, it was found that 29 out of 190 species are more susceptible to extinction.Main ConclusionMarine elasmobranchs of the EPO defy conventional latitudinal richness patterns and deviate from Rapoport's rule. Furthermore, our findings indicate a robust correlation between observed richness and both sea surface temperature and environmental heterogeneity. The proportion of species vulnerable to human or stochastic impacts potentially leading to extirpation in relation to their geographic range was low across the majority of examined provinces.