bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Особливості схемотехніки стабілізаторів постійної напруги для живлення високо чутливої апаратури ОЕС та РЛС
Authors: Popko S. M. , Rusniak I. M. , Dremov S. T. 
Published: June 2019

Представлена структурная схема базового стабилизатора постоянного напряжения, рассмотрены способы ее совершенствования. Отмечено, что стабилизаторы постоянного напряжения, разработанные в соответствии со структурной базовой схемой, успешно применяются в современных оптико-электрических и радиолокационных системах. Приведены сравнительные характеристики применяемых стабилизаторов постоянного напряжения, которые подтверждают существенные преимущества предложенных способов их совершенствования.
Властивості пласкої антенної решітки, яку орієнтовано вертикально в присутності абсолютно жорсткої сфери, що лежить на межі розподілу середовищ «вода—повітря»
Authors: Дерепа А. В. 
Published: June 2019

Проведено дослідження кількісних оцінок звукового поля пласкої антенної решітки, яку вертикально орієнтовано, в присутності корпусу надводного корабля, який моделюється як абсолютно жорстка сфера, що лежить на межі розподілу середовищ «вода—повітря».
The Host-galaxy Properties of Type 1 versus Type 2 Active Galactic Nuclei
Authors: Zou Fan , Yang Guang , Brandt William N. , Xue Yongquan 
Published: June 2019

Abstract
The unified model of active galactic nuclei (AGNs) proposes that different AGN optical spectral types are caused by different viewing angles with respect to an obscuring “torus.” Therefore, this model predicts that type 1 and type 2 AGNs should have similar host-galaxy properties. We investigate this prediction with 2463 X-ray-selected AGNs in the COSMOS field. We divide our sample into type 1 and type 2 AGNs based on their spectra, morphologies, and variability. We derive their host-galaxy stellar masses (M
⋆) through spectral energy distribution (SED) fitting, and we find that the hosts M
⋆ of type 1 AGNs tend to be slightly smaller than those of type 2 AGNs by

(≈4σ significance). Besides deriving star formation rates (SFRs) from SED fitting, we also utilize far-infrared (FIR) photometry and a stacking method to obtain FIR-based SFRs. We find that the SFRs of type 1 and type 2 sources are similar once their redshifts and X-ray luminosities are controlled. We also investigate the cosmic environment, and we find that the surface number densities (sub-Mpc) and cosmic-web environments (≈1–10 Mpc) are similar for both populations. In summary, our analyses show that the host galaxies of type 1 and type 2 AGNs have similar SFRs and cosmic environments in general, but the former tend to have a lower M
⋆ than the latter. The difference in M
⋆ indicates that the AGN unification model is not strictly correct, and both host galaxy and torus may contribute to the optical obscuration of AGNs.
Measuring the Delay Time Distribution of Binary Neutron Stars. III. Using the Individual Star Formation Histories of Gravitational-wave Event Host Galaxies in the Local Universe
Authors: Safarzadeh Mohammadtaher , Berger Edo , Leja Joel , Speagle Joshua S. 
Published: June 2019

Abstract
In Paper I we studied the determination of the delay time distribution (DTD) of binary neutron stars (BNSs) through scaling relations between halo/stellar mass and the star formation history (SFH) of galaxies hosting gravitational-wave (GW) events in the local universe. Here we explore how a detailed reconstruction of the individual SFHs of BNS merger host galaxies can improve on the use of the scaling relations. We use galaxies from the Galaxy and Mass Assembly survey, which is mass complete at M
* > 109
M
⊙ in the redshift range 0.05 < z < 0.08. We use the reconstructed SFHs derived from the Prospector code for two distinct sets of priors (favoring continuous and bursty SFHs), and convolve those with power-law DTDs characterized by an index Γ and a minimum delay time t
min. We find that with this approach

host galaxies are required to constrain the DTD parameters, with the number depending on the choice of SFH prior and on the parameters of the true DTD. We further show that using only the host galaxies of BNS mergers, as opposed to the full population of potential host galaxies in the relevant cosmic volume, leads to a minor bias in the recovered DTD parameters. The required host galaxy sample size is nearly an order of magnitude smaller relative to the approach of using scaling relations, and we expect such a host galaxy sample to be collected within a decade or two, prior to the advent of third-generation GW detectors.
Mélissos, Gorgias et Platon dans la première hypothèse du Parménide
Authors: Brémond Mathilde 
Published: June 2019

Cet article examine l’influence sur la première hypothèse du Parménide de deux penseurs dont l’importance a été négligée par les critiques : Mélissos et Gorgias. Après avoir observé que les prédicats attribués à l’un ainsi que la forme démonstrative sont plus représentatifs de l’éléatisme de Mélissos que de celui de Parménide, nous expliquons ce constat par le fait que Platon reprenne une partie du Traité du Non-être de Gorgias qui vise elle-même essentiellement Mélissos. Nous démontrons alors que la première hypothèse, et même l’ensemble de la seconde partie du Parménide , est un pastiche du Traité du Non-être , et nous en tirons des conclusions sur le statut de l’exercice dialectique mis en œuvre dans le Parménide.
Enseigner en éducation nouvelle, quelle formation pour quelle professionnalité ?
Authors: Mothes Patricia 
Published: June 2019

L’association Nationale pour l’Éducation Nouvelle compte aujourd’hui 6 écoles. Nous nous interrogeons ici sur la formation reçue par ces enseignante- s : Qui sont-ils-elles ? Quelle formation ont-ils/elles reçue ? Nous interrogeons en particulier la place spécifique et la construction de la professionnalité des enseignant-e-s débutant-e-s de ces écoles : dans la mesure où il n’y a pas pour le moment de formation spécifique, comment sont-ils/elles formé-e-s au projet d’éducation nouvelle ? Comment se fait, pour un-e enseignant-e « traditionnel-le », l’acculturation à la pédagogie nouvelle : avec quels outils, quels dispositifs, quelles contraintes et quelles tensions pour les individus ? Ce travail convoque les cadres théoriques de la didactique clinique, et en particulier le concept de rapport à l’épreuve (Brossais, Jourdan et Savournin, 2011) et rend compte de la position de l’enseignant-e débutant-e en école nouvelle, tel que pris dans un réseau de tensions. Le corpus est constitué de données issues de l’analyse de questionnaires conduits auprès des équipes pédagogiques de ces écoles, qui interrogent le parcours scolaire et professionnel, la formation spécifique à l’Éducation Nouvelle et ses modalités. Nous complétons ce travail quantitatif et qualitatif par la conduite d’une série d’entretiens cliniques auprès d’enseignant-e-s débutant-e-s et de chefs d’établissement, qui interrogent la position spécifique du sujet-enseignant en éducation nouvelle. L’analyse croisée des données permet de proposer des axes de réflexion descriptive et compréhensive du positionnement singulier de l’enseignant en contexte alternatif, et permet de dégager des pistes de réflexion pour la formation des équipes exerçant en pédagogie différente.
Transatlantic Networks and Their Significance for Refugees from Central Europe to the United States, 1938–1949
Authors: Zacharasiewicz Waldemar 
Published: June 2019

Abstract
This article considers the importance of the ties of friendship between members of the Viennese social elite and Americans who came to Vienna for professional reasons, as well as travelers who, despite the ravages of World War I and the poverty in its aftermath, were keen on encountering the lively cultural scene there. They were joined by expatriates who disliked the adoption of the Volstead Act as well as emissaries of philanthropic institutions. The resulting transatlantic networks helped alleviate the negative consequences of nativist agitation in the United States against mass immigration, which had peaked in the first decade of the twentieth century and had led to the quota laws of 1921 and 1924 that limited the admission of European immigrants, especially from southern and eastern Europe. After the political turbulence and severe economic problems experienced by Austria and ending with the Anschluss, many Jewish intellectuals and artists were forced to look for a safe haven, but admission to the United States was dependent on affidavits generously provided by friends and acquaintances. On the basis of unpublished letters examined in several American archives, the essay shows that the refugees received help from foreign correspondents encountered in Austria, such as Dorothy Thompson, from whose support fellow journalist Marcel Fodor and author Carl Zuckmayer benefitted. The cultural critic H. L. Mencken similarly sponsored the admission of the family of the late Viennese anglicist Leon Kellner, and the generosity of Thornton Wilder extended to a number of refugees. Not every such effort, the article shows, was successful.
“Our Impending Doom”: Seriality's End in Late-Victorian Proto-Dystopian Novels
Authors: Valdez Jessica R. 
Published: June 2019

ABSTRACT
This paper examines utopian/dystopian time and serial form in several late-nineteenth-century proto-dystopian novels, including Anthony Trollope's The Fixed Period, James De Mille's A Strange Manuscript in a Copper Cylinder, and H. G. Wells's The Time Machine. Through mingling the futuristic orientation of utopias and the presentist cause-and-effect experience of serial form, late nineteenth-century dystopias do not set these other worlds in the distant future; rather, they ask readers to see signs of their mortality in the everyday. In doing so, these paradoxical temporalities combine to highlight the finiteness of late-Victorian institutions in the face of more expansive depictions experience.
Impact of body weight gain on hepatic metabolism and hepatic inflammatory cytokines in comparison of Shetland pony geldings and Warmblood horse geldings
Authors: Schedlbauer Carola , Blaue Dominique , Gericke Martin , Blüher Matthias , Starzonek Janine , Gittel Claudia , Brehm Walter , Vervuert Ingrid 
Published: June 2019

Background
Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease is known as determining part of human obesity. The impact of body weight (BW) gain on liver metabolism has not been extensively investigated yet.

Objectives
To investigate hepatic alterations caused by increasing BW in ponies and horses.

Animals
A total of 19 non-obese equines (10 Shetland ponies, geldings; nine Warmblood horses, geldings).

Methods
Animals received 200% of their metabolizable maintenance energy requirements for 2 years. Serum alkaline phosphatase, glutamate dehydrogenase (GLDH), aspartate aminotransferase (AST), and gamma-glutamyl transferase activities and bile acids were analyzed several times during 2 years of hypercaloric diet. Hepatic lipid content and hepatic levels of the interleukin (IL)-6, tumor necrosis factor α (TNFα), cluster of differentiation (CD) 68, IL-1β, lipoprotein lipase (LPL), fatty acid-binding protein 1, chemerin and nuclear factor-κB mRNAs were assessed at the start of the study and after 1 and 2 years of excess energy intake.

Results
The mean (±SD) BW gain recorded during 2 years of excess energy intake was 29.9 ± 19.4% for ponies and 17 ± 6.74% for horses. The hepatic lipid content was not profoundly affected by increasing BW. Levels of the IL-6, TNFα, CD68 and IL-1β mRNAs did not change during BW gain. Levels of the chemerin mRNA increased significantly in both breeds (ponies: P = 0.02; horses: P = 0.02) in response to BW gain. Significant differences in serum GLDH and AST activities, serum bile acid concentrations and hepatic levels of the LPL mRNA were observed between ponies and horses at the end of the study.

Conclusions
Chemerin might represent an interesting marker for future equine obesity research. Interestingly, steatosis caused by increasing BW may occur later in the development of obesity in equines than in humans. Additionally, the hepatic metabolism exhibits differences between ponies and horses, which may explain in part the greater susceptibility of ponies to obesity-associated metabolic dysregulations.
Avaliação da homogeneidade dos Territórios de Identidade a partir de técnicas geocomputacionais
Authors: Santos da Silva Marcos Aurélio , De Souza Roberto Alves 
Published: June 2019

A importância da abordagem territorial diante da complexidade do contexto social, econômico, ambiental e político é revelada pelo aumento na demanda por estudos qualitativos e quantitativos sobre regionalização a partir de dados multivariados. A Superintendência de Estudos Econômicos e Sociais da Bahia dividiu o Estado em 27 Territórios de Identidade, estabelecidos de acordo com suas similaridades econômicas, culturais, institucionais e ambientais. Visando avaliar, quantitativamente, a homogeneidade desses territórios, o presente trabalho propõe um indicador de homogeneidade territorial, que foi usado em conjunto com duas técnicas de regionalização Geocomputacionais, SKATER e TerraSOM. Foram avaliados 26 Territórios de Identidade da Bahia a partir de um conjunto de dados multivariados, agregados por município, que abrangem as dimensões social, econômica e agrária dos municípios. O indicador de homogeneidade, associado com algoritmos Geocomputacionais de análise multivariada de dados, atendeu ao objetivo de classificar os Territórios de Identidade, podendo ser utilizado em diferentes momentos do planejamento de políticas públicas territoriais.
Stability of Measures of Pain Catastrophizing and Widespread Pain Following Total Knee Replacement
Authors: Lape Emma C. , Selzer Faith , Collins Jamie E. , Losina Elena , Katz Jeffrey N. 
Published: June 2019

ObjectivePain catastrophizing and widespread pain are predictors of pain chronicity/severity. Gaps remain in our understanding of the extent to which each is a stable (trait) or dynamic (state) variable. We undertook this study to assess the stability of each variable from before to after total knee replacement (TKR) and whether changes are explained by pain improvements.MethodsWe used data from a prospective study of TKR recipients ages ≥40 years. Questionnaires included body pain diagrams assessing widespread pain, the Pain Catastrophizing Scale (PCS), and the Western Ontario and McMaster Universities Osteoarthritis Index (WOMAC) pain subscale. We divided subjects into widespread pain groups (0 versus 1–2 versus ≥3 pain regions) and into low and high PCS score groups (<16 versus ≥16). We assessed changes in group membership from pre‐TKR to 12 months post‐TKR, then compared these changes between subjects with most and least WOMAC pain improvement.ResultsA total of 176 subjects completed scales at both time points; 64% were female, the mean age was 66 years, and baseline median WOMAC pain score was 40. In all, 71% of subjects in the high PCS score group improved to join the low PCS score group at follow‐up. While 73 subjects (41%) changed widespread pain group, they were similarly likely to worsen and to improve. We found a statistically significant positive association of improvement in WOMAC pain score with improvement in PCS score (r = 0.31), but not widespread pain (r = –0.004).ConclusionThe PCS score reflects state‐like aspects of catastrophizing that diminish along with pain. In contrast, widespread pain scores worsened and improved equally often, regardless of knee pain relief. The findings urge caution in interpreting PCS score and widespread pain as trait measures in musculoskeletal research.
Reproducibility of Ocular Surface Staining in the Assessment of Sjögren Syndrome–Related Keratoconjunctivitis Sicca: Implications on Disease Classification
Authors: Rasmussen Astrid , Stone Donald U. , Kaufman C. Erick , Hefner Kimberly S. , Fram Nicole R. , Siatkowski Rhea L. , Huang Andrew J. W. , Chodosh James , Rasmussen Pablo T. , Fife Dustin A. , Pezant Nathan , Grundahl Kiely , Radfar Lida , Lewis David M. , Weisman Michael H. , Venuturupalli Swamy , Wallace Daniel J. , Rhodus Nelson L. , Brennan Michael T. , Montgomery Courtney G. , Lessard Christopher J. , Scofield R. Hal , Sivils Kathy L. 
Published: June 2019

ObjectiveThe objective of this study was to assess the performance and reproducibility of the two currently used ocular surface staining scores in the assessment of keratoconjunctivitis sicca in Sjögren syndrome (SS) research classification.MethodsIn a multidisciplinary clinic for the evaluation of sicca, we performed all tests for the American European Consensus Group (AECG) and the American College of Rheumatology (ACR)/European League Against Rheumatism (EULAR) classification criteria, including the van Bijsterveld score (vBS) and the Ocular Staining Score (OSS), in 994 participants with SS or with non‐SS sicca. We analyzed the concordance between the scores, the diagnostic accuracy and correlation with clinical variables, and interrater and intrasubject reproducibility.ResultsA total of 308 (31.1%) participants had a discordant vBS and OSS that was due to extra corneal staining points in the OSS. The presence of one or more of the additional points was highly predictive of SS classification (odds ratio = 3.66; P = 1.65 × 10e‐20) and was associated with abnormal results of all measures of autoimmunity and glandular dysfunction. Receiver operating characteristic curves showed optimal cutoff values of four for the vBS (sensitivity = 0.62; specificity = 0.71; Youden's J = 0.33) and five for the OSS (sensitivity = 0.56; specificity = 0.75; Youden's J = 0.31). Notably, there was very poor consistency in interobserver mean scores and distributions (P < 0.0001) and in intrasubject scores after a median of 5.5 years (35% changed status of the ocular criterion).ConclusionOcular surface staining scores are useful for SS research classification; however, they are subject to significant interrater and intrasubject variability, which could result in changes in classification in 5%‐10% of all subjects. These results highlight the need for objective and reproducible markers of disease that have thus far remained elusive for SS.
Controlling the Selectivity of Conjugated Microporous Polymer Membrane for Efficient Organic Solvent Nanofiltration
Authors: He Xiao , Sin Haksong , Liang Bin , Ghazi Zahid Ali , Khattak Abdul Muqsit , Khan Niaz Ali , Alanagh Hamideh Rezvani , Li Lianshan , Lu Xiaoquan , Tang Zhiyong 
Published: June 2019

AbstractTo realize selective separation of important small molecules in organic solvents with high permeability is highly desired but not attained yet, because it requires stringent control over selectivity in nanofiltration membranes. Here, a thiophene‐containing conjugated microporous polymer membrane, in which the pore size is finely tuned at the angstrom scale through postoxidation of the thiophene moieties, is reported. The successful modification is confirmed by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, X‐ray photoelectron spectroscopy, and water contact angle, leading to obvious pore size reduction evidenced by nitrogen adsorption. Upon postmodification, the selectivity of the membrane can be effectively controlled. In the pristine membrane, the methanol permeance reaches 32 liters per square meter per hour per bar (L m−2 h−1 bar−1) with a molecular weight cut‐off (MWCO) of 800 g mol−1. Significantly, after in situ postmodification of thiophene moieties, the largest pore size is reduced from 1.73 to 1.48 nm, giving rise to a remarkable decrease of MWCO from 800 to 500 g mol−1, while the permeance of methanol still maintains as high as 21 L m−2 h−1 bar−1.
Lithium Benzenedithiolate Catholytes for Rechargeable Lithium Batteries
Authors: Li Fengli , Si Yubing , Liu Bingjie , Li Zhongjun , Fu Yongzhu 
Published: June 2019

AbstractOrganic electrode materials have become a vibrant area of research. Lithium benzenedithiolate (LBDT) consists of two –SLi groups that could donate 2Li+ and 2e− in oxidation reactions, thus being a potential high‐capacity organic cathode material for rechargeable lithium batteries. Herein, 1,2‐, 1,3‐, and 1,4‐LBDTs are investigated to elucidate the relationship of their redox chemistry and effect of lithium thiolate position on their electrochemical behavior experimentally and theoretically. High‐performance liquid chromatography in tandem with quadrupole time‐of‐flight mass spectrometry is used, for the first time, to separate and identify the charge and discharge products of these compounds in lithium batteries. During the charging process, 1,2‐, 1,3‐ and 1,4‐LBDTs are mainly converted to the cyclic dimer, trimer, and tetramer respectively. While in the discharge process, the initial lithiated materials are recovered. The cyclic dimer of 1,2‐LBDT shows the lowest discharge overpotential and fast kinetics, which are related to the easiness of the 2nd lithiation process. It delivers an initial specific capacity of 340 mAh g−1 and retains 84.1% of the initial capacity over 100 cycles at C/2 rate. In addition, it shows much better rate capability than the other two LBDTs. The structure–performance relationship of LBDT in lithium batteries is correlated.
Enhancing the Permeability and Antifouling Properties of Polyamide Composite Reverse Osmosis Membrane by Surface Modification with Zwitterionic Amino Acid l‐Arginine
Authors: Chen Dandan , Liu Tianyu , Kang Jian , Xu Ruizhang , Cao Ya , Xiang Ming 
Published: June 2019

AbstractThe increase of the permeability and antifouling properties of reverse osmosis (RO) membranes is always significant in desalination. In this study, zwitterionic amino acid l‐Arginine (Arg) is grafted onto the self‐made RO membrane by one‐step method to construct the zwitterionic surface for enhancing the performances of the membranes. X‐ray photoelectron spectroscopy verifies the successful covalent attachment of Arg onto the membrane surface. Atomic force microscopy, contact angle, and zeta potential measurements manifest that the modified membrane surface becomes smoother, more hydrophilic, and less negatively charged. The contact angles decrease from 72.6° to 43.7° after Arg‐modification. For the optimized modified membrane, its water flux increases from original 45.46 to 63.51 L m−2 h−1 (improved by 39.7%); while the salt rejection ascends from 96.42% to 98.08%. Using bovine serum albumin and dodecyltrimethyl ammonium bromide as model foulants, fouling‐resistant properties of the modified membranes are estimated by three‐time cycle filtration tests. The experimental results show that the modified membranes have superior fouling‐resistant and easy‐cleaning properties. Mechanism concerning the roles of grafting Arg in the enhancement of the performances of the resulting membranes is proposed.
The effect of hydrodynamic parameters on the production of Pickering emulsions in a baffled stirred tank
Authors: Abdulrasaq Usman K. , Ayranci Inci 
Published: June 2019

AbstractPickering emulsions are potential industrial scale alternatives to surfactant‐based emulsions. The stability of Pickering emulsions depends on the physicochemical nature of the liquid–particle interface and the hydrodynamic conditions of the production process. This article investigates the effect of hydrodynamic conditions on the drop size of concentrated Pickering emulsions in baffled stirred tanks. Oil in water emulsions composed of silicon oil, water, and hydrophilic glass beads as stabilizing particles were produced. Two impellers were used at different sizes: Rushton turbine (RT) and pitched blade turbine. The effects of power per mass, Reynolds number, tip speed, and Weber number on the droplet sizes were studied. The energy dissipated around the impeller and the size of the impeller high shear zone were found to be critical to the emulsion droplet sizes. The breakup and droplet‐particle contact mechanism of the RT was found to be more favorable for the production of the Pickering emulsions.