bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Application of Intersectionality Framework and Area-level Indicators in Machine Learning Analysis of Depression Disparities in All of Us Research Program Data
Authors: Scherbakov Dmitry , Marrone Michael T. , Lenert Leslie A. , Alekseyenko Alexander V. 
Published: December 2024

Abstract

Background/objective:
Depression is a complex mental health disorder influenced by various social determinants of health (SDOH) at individual and community levels. Area-level factors and intersectionality framework, which considers overlapping personal identities, are used in this paper to get a nuanced picture of depression disparities.
Methods
This cross-sectional study uses electronic health records data from the All of Us research network. Our study cohort includes 20,042 individuals who completed the SDOH surveys in All of Us and had at least one in-patient visit, with 27.3% diagnosed with depression since 2020. We used depression diagnosis as an outcome, while independent variables include US Religious Census and American urvey responses, area-level variables, sociodemographic characteristics: age group, income, gender, sexual orientation, immigration status, marital status, and race/ethnicity – and the interactions of the latter with each other and with other variables. The association between depression diagnosis and the variables is reported by fitting the logistic regression model on the subset of variables identified by LASSO method.
Results
The analysis revealed that area-level indicators, such as religious adherence and childbirth rates, significantly influenced depression outcomes when interacting with personal identity variables: area-level religious adherence was associated with increased depression odds for women (OR 1.33, 95% CI 1.15–1.54) and non-binary individuals (OR 3.70, 95% CI 1.03–13.31). Overlapping identities, such as younger adults unemployed for less than a year and never married Middle Eastern and North African participants showed higher depression odds (OR 2.3, 95% CI 1.06–4.99, and OR 3.35, 95% CI 1.19–9.45, respectively).
Discussion/Conclusion:
The findings underscore the importance of considering all types of factors: individual, area-level, and intersectional in depression research.
Stormwater Management System of the surrounding areas from 2no gate to Kaptai Rastar Matha in Chattogram
Authors: Rahman Khan Refat , Chy Sazzad Hossain , Khan Md Iftekhar Sayeed , Nayeem Abdullah 
Published: December 2024

Abstract

The economic metropolis of Bangladesh is Chattogram, the port city. Each year's heavy precipitation results in inundated streets and low-lying regions, making life miserable for city residents. The study focuses primarily on the significant areas encircling 2no Gate to Kaptai Rastar Matha. The Noa Network, which consists primarily of Choshma Khal, Mirza Khal, and Noa Khal, is the principally responsible canal network for these regions and joins the Karnaphuli River. This research examines a methodology for estimating the municipal stormwater runoff from the catchment area. The Digital Elevation Model (DEM) for the study area was processed in ArcGIS 10.5 using terrain preprocessing tools to outline the basin, sub-basin, and stream network. The complete sub-catchment area was divided into six watersheds using ArcGIS 10.5. HEC-HMS was used to extract hydraulic parameters of the river basin based on terrain preprocessing results. These hydraulic parameters were then utilized in HEC-HMS to estimate stormwater discharge. We utilized Bangladesh Meteorological Department (BMD) precipitation intensity data from 1974 to 2022 to accomplish this. With the aid of BMD precipitation data, the current condition of the channel's drainage capability for rainfall runoff is evaluated using the HEC-HMS hydrologic model for return periods of 2,5,10,25,50,100 years. In addition, lag time and time of concentration were calculated. The utmost discharge for a 25-year return period was determined to be 172 cumec, while we designed the canal’s capacity to withstand a flow of approximately 180 cumec. Existing canal capacity should work fine for at least till 10 years return period. But regarding the possible climate change our suggested canal cross section can be adopted. It has been analyzed and identified the causes of urban flooding and proposed solutions to remedy the situation. The proposed cross section may differ in a few points from the CDA masterplan due to the use of various design criteria or routing methods. Numerous distinct values, such as Cure Number (CN) and Manning's n, were utilized as precisely as feasible because they can significantly alter the outcome. Finally, in order to resolve this waterlogging issue, the necessary structural measures must be implemented, but public awareness and effective drainage management are also required.
People's Acquisition, Co-construction and Exchange (ACE) of healthcare knowledge in local communities across social networks influencing their decision-making to help themselves, their families, and community members to access health services: A scoping review.
Authors: Bhowmick Anamitra , Zande Marieke Van Der , Harris Prof. Rebecca 
Published: December 2024

Abstract

Introduction:
Local people's knowledge influences healthcare service utilisation, but the literature on people's knowledge-seeking and sharing about different health services across social networks is patchy and not well integrated. This scoping review was undertaken to map how different studies report health service (healthcare)-related knowledge-seeking or sharing in social circles and to identify evidence gaps for further research.
Method
Levac's enhanced scoping review framework was adapted to develop a comprehensive electronic search strategy. Four electronic databases-Medline, Web of Science, PsychINFO, and CINAHL, were searched. Grey literature was also searched. Two independent reviewers assessed around 5% of titles and abstracts. The data was extracted and summarised following title, abstract, and full-text screening.
Results
The review included 14 quantitative, 23 qualitative, 2 mixed-method studies and one report. More studies (n = 29) have been conducted in high and upper-middle-income countries than lower-middle and low-income countries (n = 9), with studies based in the USA (n = 17) the most common. Knowledge related to immunisation services was the most explored area (n = 15), followed by general, maternal and oncological services. Studies show healthcare-related knowledge was sought, acquired, co-produced, shared and diffused in a variety of environments, including urban, rural, and online communities, with women featuring as an essential source of knowledge (n = 19) in varying circumstances. Wide-ranging theories were identified in the included studies, explaining that people's knowledge is shaped by their social networks. However, the concept of people's healthcare-related knowledge was not distinctly defined across the included studies but as a component of general health literacy. Only two studies investigated health service-related knowledge exclusively at interpersonal and community (meso) levels. People's health service-related knowledge is not considered a distinct entity.
Conclusion
People in local communities co-produced, shared, transmitted, or suppressed knowledge about various health services with the support of informal networks, mostly family and friends, combined with mass media sources. Therefore, people's healthcare knowledge is not an individual asset but a shared resource among their social circles. It is multifaceted and acquired from diverse sources available in the local communities, not limited only to lay accounts of using healthcare services.
Assessment of the Environmental Situation of Some Heavy Metals for Selected Roadside Dust in Basrah Governorate, Southern Iraq
Authors: Al-Taie Iqbal Oufi , Darweesh Hanan Abdulqader , Al-Fraji Yasmin Ibraheem , Al-Najari Nael Abdulimam 
Published: December 2024

Abstract

Basrah Governorate is one of the economically important governorates in southern Iraq, as it represents the headquarters of international oil companies. However, it is severely polluted, particularly with petroleum chemicals and hydrocarbons. The purpose of this paper was to assess the environmental state of a few selected sites within the Basrah Governorate and to provide a baseline for managing urban soil pollution and reducing potential environmental hazards. The study gathered roadside dust samples from six sites in the Basrah Governorate: Al-Garma, Sa,ad Square, Al-Tanumah, Al-Shuaiba, Al-Faw, and Al-Zubair. Heavy metal concentrations were measured (nickel, lead, cadmium, and chromium) in these soils; the contamination factor (CF) was calculated, and the geoaccumulation index (Igeo) was then computed to evaluate the soil contamination and link the pollution by heavy metals to potential sources. The results indicated that the nickel, lead, cadmium, and chlorine concentrations are higher than the usual limit in Al-Shuaiba area because of its closeness to oil wells and places of extraction. Additionally, it was discovered that Al-Zubair and Al-Shuaiba have significant cadmium pollution using the contamination factor. The results also show that the geoaccumulation index indicates that there has been severe lead, chromium, and nickel accumulation in all studied locations as a result of the area's rapid and uncontrolled urban development.
Enhancing Spatial Reasoning in Large Vision-Language Models
Authors: Tao Shiquan , Wongsawat Arthit 
Published: December 2024

Abstract

In this paper, we present a novel approach, Spatial-Aware Language Enhancement (SALE), designed to improve the spatial reasoning capabilities of large language models (LLMs) using structured textual descriptions, without the need for visual inputs. Spatial reasoning is critical for understanding object relationships, navigation, and scene layouts in applications such as robotics and autonomous systems. Despite significant advancements in vision-language models (LVLMs), existing models still struggle with spatial tasks, especially when reliant solely on textual data. To address this, we propose a two-phase training strategy involving Spatial Description Pre-training (SDP) and fine-tuning on an enhanced benchmark dataset, SpatialEval+. Our experimental results demonstrate that SALE achieves state-of-the-art performance across various spatial tasks, outperforming existing models like GPT-4 and GPT-4+BLIP, while also being more resource-efficient. Further analysis, including ablation studies and human evaluation, confirms the effectiveness of our approach, indicating its potential for real-world applications where efficient and accurate spatial understanding is required.
Mechanisms Underlying the Attenuating Effects of Bugantang on Liver Fibrosis based on Network Pharmacology, Molecular Docking, and Molecular Dynamics Simulation
Authors: Zhang Taojing , Chang Jia , Zheng Zengle , Chen Guobi , Wu Yiping , Xiang Jinxiang , Chen Jing 
Published: December 2024

Background:
Liver fibrosis, a chronic liver disease, threatens people's health, increases
the burden of healthcare, and currently lacks effective treatment measures. Bugantang
(BGT) is a traditional Chinese herbal prescription from Jin Kui Yi with promising potential for
treating liver fibrosis. Despite this potential, the efficacy and mechanism for treating liver fibrosis
remain unclear.

Objective:
To primarily prove the efficacy, predict the active components of BGT, and explore
the mechanism of BGT on liver fibrosis.

Methods:
The liver condition of CCL4-induced mice was examined using hematoxylin and eosin
staining. The targets and active compounds of BGT were sourced from HERB and TCMSP
databases, while the targets related to liver fibrosis were acquired from DisGeNET, Gene Expression
Omnibus, and GeneCards databases. The core targets were identified, and the network
of protein-protein interactions was established. KEGG and GO analyses were performed on
DAVID. Molecular docking and molecular dynamics simulations assessed the active components’
interactions with potential targets.

Results:
A total of 215 targets and 152 active compounds were identified for BGT. The
network analysis identified kaempferol, quercetin, 2-(2,4-dihydroxyphenyl)-7-hydroxy-4Hchromen-
4-one, sitosterol, naringenin, adenosine, plo, and beta-sitosterol as potential key compounds,
and AKT1, MMP9, SRC, TNF, ESR1, NF-κB, and PPARG as potential key targets.
KEGG and GO analyses revealed that the therapeutic effect of BGT on liver fibrosis may be associated
with the PI3K-AKT and MAPK signaling pathways, as well as cell apoptosis, protein phosphorylation,
and inflammation. Molecular docking demonstrated high-affinity binding of the identified
targets to the active compounds. Additionally, molecular dynamics simulation further confirmed
that the bindings of AKT1-beta-sitosterol and MMP9-quercetin exhibited good stability.

Conclusions:
The potential of BGT in alleviating liver fibrosis may be attributed to a combination
of various active compounds, targets, and pathways. These results could support the use of
BGT in treating liver fibrosis and facilitate the development of new drug candidates for this
condition.
Pharmacogenetic Testing in Treatment-resistant Panic Disorder: a Preliminary Analysis
Authors: Fidry Marcos , Zugliani Morena Mourao , do Cabo Mariana Costa , Martins Renan Machado , Gomez Manuella Assad , Faria Clara Gitahy Falcão , Nardi Antonio Egidio , Freire Rafael C. 
Published: December 2024

Background
Many pharmacological treatments are considered effective in the treatment of panic disorder (PD), however, about 20 to 40% of the patients have treatment-resistant PD. Pharmacogenetics could explain why some patients are treatment-resistant.

Objective
Our objective was to gather preliminary data on the clinical usefulness of pharmacogenetic testing in this disorder.

Methods
Twenty patients with treatment-resistant PD were included in this observational study and submitted to commercial pharmacogenetic testing. Testing panel included gene polymorphisms related to CYP, genes EPHX1, UGT1A4, UGT2B15, ABCB1, ADRA2A, ANKK1, COMT, DRD2, FKBP5, GRIK4, GSK3B, HTR1A, HTR2A, HTR2C, MC4R, OPRM1, SCN1A, SLC6A4 and MTHFR. Participants received treatment-as-usual for PD before being enrolled in this study, including first-line and second-line medications for PD.

Results
In 30% of the patients, the tests indicated reduced chance of response to the prescribed drug, while they indicated very low serum levels of the prescribed drug in 20% of the subjects. The pharmacogenetic tests predicted reduction of MTHFR enzyme activity in 74% of the patients. ABCB1 gene alleles associated to drug resistance were found in 90% of the samples.

Conclusion
Commercial pharmacogenetic testing failed to predict negative treatment outcome in most patients with PD. The association between treatment-resistance in PD and the genes CYP2C19, MTHFR and ABCB1 deserves further study.
Review: Upcycling Potential for Romaine Lettuce Outer Leaves
Authors: Alemán-Hidalgo David M. , Avena-Bustillos Roberto J. , Klausner Noah , Wang Hongye , Wang Luxin , Milczarek Rebecca , Teran-Cabanillas Eli 
Published: December 2024

Abstract:
Worldwide, food losses and waste exert a substantial negative environmental im-pact. The harvesting of Romaine lettuce, for instance, generates significant waste as outer leaves are typically removed from the cores during harvest and left to decompose in the field. Upcycling technologies offer innovative methods to convert these leaves into valuable prod-ucts, enhancing sustainability in food systems. This approach not only mitigates waste during the Romaine lettuce harvest but also reduces contaminants. Furthermore, Romaine lettuce is rich in nutritional value and its phenolic compounds are known for their antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, antilipemic, antidiabetic, and antihypertensive properties. In this review, we ex-plore opportunities for upcycling Romaine lettuce outer leaves and the environmental benefits with consideration of potential contaminants. Understanding the nutritional value and health benefits of Romaine lettuce underscores the importance of sustainable practices in agriculture and food management.
Clinical Application of Pharmacogenomics in the Administration of Common Cardiovascular Medications
Authors: Aslam Faaiq N. , Schneider Artur , Jhawar Nikita , Chirila Razvan 
Published: December 2024

Introduction:
Genomic variations among individuals can greatly affect their responses
to different medications. Pharmacogenomics is the area of study that aims to understand the relationship
between these various genetic variations and subsequent drug responses. Many medications
used to optimize cardiovascular health are affected by these genetic variants and these relationships
can subsequently impact dosing strategies in patients.

Objective:
This study aims to review the current literature on the clinical applications ofpharmacogenomics
for commonly used cardiovascular medications such as Warfarin, Clopidogrel,
Statins, Beta Blockers, and ACE-I/ARBs.

Methods:
Databases like PubMed were accessed to gather background information on pharmacogenomics
and to collect data on relationships between genetic variants and subsequent drug
response. Information on clinical applications and guidelines was obtained by accessing the CPIC
and DPWG databases.

Results:
This article describes the most up-to-date data on pharmacogenomics relating to commonly
used cardiovascular medications. It also discusses the clinical application of pharmacogenomic
data as it pertains to medication selection/dosing by detailing current guidelines published by organizations
such as the Clinical Pharmacogenetics Implementation Consortium and the Dutch
Pharmacogenetics Working Group.

Conclusion:
In conclusion, this paper will help medical providers not only better understand pharmacogenomics
but also apply it in their day-to-day practice. Clinical guidelines relating to the application
of pharmacogenomic data were discussed both in text and graphical format, allowing
providers to confidently select medications and adjust doses for common cardiovascular medications
so that patients receive the maximum therapeutic benefit with minimal toxicity.
POLÍTICAS LINGUÍSTICAS: UM CASO DE COOFICIALIZAÇÃO DA LÍNGUA ALEMÃ
Authors: Ruscheinsky Elena Wendling , Frizzo Celina Eliane , Krug Marcelo Jacó 
Published: December 2024

A Declaração Universal dos Direitos Linguísticos é pouco conhecida pela população e principalmente por aqueles a quem ela mais possa interessar. De acordo com este documento, os falantes de outras línguas, que não são oficiais em um determinado território, têm direito e estão livres para usá-las em suas vidas sem sofrer qualquer tipo de discriminação, exclusão e perseguição. Este estudo propõe-se a apresentar os conceitos de linguicídio e linguicismo com premissa nos direitos linguísticos, bem como nos três componentes de uma política linguística (práticas, crenças e gestão), e relacioná-los com a Lei de cooficialização do alemão no município de São João do Oeste - SC, pautando-se especialmente nos pressupostos teóricos de Skutnabb-Kangas (2019); Skutnabb-Kangas e Phillipson (1995; 2017), Spolsky (2007; 2009; 2016), entre outros, além de fontes históricas sobre o município e a Lei de cooficialização nº1685/2016. Os resultados mostram que, antes da cooficialização em 2016, ocorreram ações para atribuir prestígio à variedade alemã e que a lei, o decreto no 83/2009 e o contexto em que ela atua envolvem os três componentes descritíveis interligados propostos por Spolsky (2007; 2009; 2016), o que a legitima como uma política linguística. Porém, ao analisar o que postula a lei, percebemos que esta política está voltada para atrair turistas e pouco representa os falantes ou garante os direitos linguísticos de um grupo minoritário.
Contratações Sustentáveis no Comando da Aeronáutica
Authors: Vieira Darly 
Published: December 2024

The research investigates how the sustainability criteria are being applied by the Aeronautical Command Units in bidding for procurement of works and engineering services, linking them to the level of investment in these objects. The national development, as contemplated in granting subsidiary Air Force Basic Doctrine, is the main goal of sustainable procurement, a leading developer of environmental industry. Moreover, the practice of sustainability has great projection in the image of the organizations that use them, linking them to socially responsible institutions. The survey was conducted from data obtained through questionnaires answered by experienced managers of their organizations, creating a table that quantifies the degree of implementation of sustainability criteria. This degree was confronted with data obtained from the Website of Transparency, quantifying the investment of these units under construction and engineering services. Finally, the investments were treated as units of micro, small businesses and large enterprises. The following results were obtained: organizations apply sustainability criteria partially analogous to company size, however, there are still organizations that fit differently to this expectation, and the degree of application of sustainability criteria is associated to the existence of internal norms formally instituted in organizations. Given the results analyzed, we noticed the importance of creating a sustainable program specific to hiring the Air Force Command efficient and standardized.
EFEK LATIHAN FISIK METODE UPHILL RUNNING TERHADAP KEBUGARAN JASMANI PADA USIA REMAJA
Authors: Badaruddin Rahma , Gani Dhiya Auliyah , Ramadhan Mohammad Zainul , Basry Amirah 
Published: December 2024

Latar Belakang:. Latihan fisik merupakan gerakan otot-otot tubuh yang melibatkan penggunaan energi dan dilakukan secara terencana, terstruktur dan berulang-ulang untuk meningkatkan kebugaran jasmani sebagai seperangkat atribut untuk mempertahankan aktivitas fisik. Uphill running merupakan salah satu bentuk latihan fisik lari menggunakan kemiringan tertentu. Saat melakukan latihan fisik dengan metode uphill running, sistem muskuloskeletal dan kardiorespirasi tubuh akan beradaptasi. Oleh karena itu tujuan penelitian ini untuk mengetahui pengaruh latihan fisik dengan metode uphill running terhadap tingkat kebugaran jasmani mahasiswa Fakultas Kedokteran Universitas Tadulako.
Metode: Penelitian ini menggunakan metode pra eksperimental dengan one group pretest-posttest. Sampel penelitian dipilih dengan teknik total sampling dan berjumlah 20 orang.
Hasil: Hasil penelitian menunjukkan adanya peningkatan rata-rata skor kebugaran jasmani setelah latihan fisik sebesar 1,5975 dibandingkan dengan rata-rata skor kebugaran jasmani sebelum latihan fisik sebesar 1,2555. Hasil ini mengalami peningkatan dengan signifikasi nilai P< 0,050 yakni P value sebesar 0,008.
Kesimpulan: Terdapat pengaruh latihan fisik dengan metode uphill running terhadap tingkat kebugaran jasmani mahasiswa Fakultas Kedokteran Universitas Tadulako.

Kata Kunci: Kebugaran jasmani, Uphill running, Cooper test