bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Understanding student variances in learning outcomes and task interpretations from multimedia presentations
Authors: Dai Yun , Liu Ang 
Published: November 2018

AbstractThis paper challenges a static view of the multimedia presentation as merely a final product for grading, and discusses how to elicit evidence‐based understandings about student learning from such a presentation. We present a micro‐ethnographic study investigating students’ learning outcomes and task interpretations from multimedia presentations. The study was situated in a global technology‐enabled course, in which three groups of students delivered three different presentations, ie, a theatrical play, a short movie and a PowerPoint slideshow, for the same assignment. With video transcriptions and student interviews, we identified different degrees of learning outcomes achieved by the three groups at the collective level, and explained their variances in task interpretations behind the respective outcomes. Based on the findings, we further discussed the learning gap, task clarity, cultural difference and workload in relation to the presentations, along with implications for instructional practice and future research.Practitioner NotesWhat is already know about this topicThe multimedia presentation has been widely used by students to report group work.The student presentation is often viewed as merely a final product for grading, while few studies have discussed how to elicit learning evidence from it.In examining student presentations, it is important to go beyond grading and understand the student interpretation regarding the task.What this paper addsThe paper situated a multimedia presentation in an intertextual chain and proposed an empirical approach to examine the presentation.The study identified that the three groups of students achieved different degrees of learning outcomes at the collective level.The study found that the three groups’ different learning outcomes were associated with their different interpretations of the task description.Implications for practiceInstructors can adopt the micro‐ethnographic approach as an instructional tool to assess student learning in multiple dimensions from multimedia presentations.In designing a learning assignment, instructors should explicitly outline the rationale, expectation, and procedure in doing the assignment.
What affects learner engagement in flipped learning and what predicts its outcomes?
Authors: Lee Jihyun , Park Taejung , Davis Robert Otto 
Published: November 2018

AbstractThe current popularity of flipped learning may be attributed to its reported successes in bringing about enhanced learner engagement and positive learning outcomes. This study aims to improve our understanding of flipped learning (FL) outcomes by examining factors of learner engagement, academic capability, and epistemological beliefs. Data were collected and statistically analyzed from 231 undergraduate students enrolled in a general biology or general chemistry course at a Korean university implemented with the FL model. The results indicated that learners’ epistemological beliefs influenced neither pre‐class nor in‐class engagement, but that academic capability did affect both pre‐class and in‐class engagement. Only content/learning‐related outcomes, not generic competencies or satisfaction, were affected by both academic capability and epistemological beliefs. Both pre‐class and in‐class engagement levels affected most types of FL outcomes except generic competencies, which were only affected by the extent of in‐class engagement. Learners’ affective engagement was not influenced by epistemological beliefs, but directly and indirectly affected FL outcomes via behavioral and cognitive engagement. Theoretical and practical implications are discussed along with recommendations.
Acute stress responses after indirect exposure to the MH17 airplane crash
Authors: Jeronimus Bertus F. , Snippe Evelien , Emerencia Ando C. , de Jonge Peter , Bos Elisabeth H. 
Published: November 2018

People can experience disasters vicariously (indirectly) via conversation, social media, radio, and television, even when not directly involved in a disaster. This study examined whether vicarious exposure to the MH17‐airplane crash in Ukraine, with 196 Dutch victims, elicited affective and somatic responses in Dutch adults about 2,600 km away, who happened to participate in an ongoing diary study. Participants (n = 141) filled out a diary three times a day for 30 days on their smartphones. Within‐person changes in positive affect (PA) and negative affect (NA) and somatic symptoms after the crash were studied. Additionally, we tested whether between‐person differences in response could be explained by age, baseline personality (NEO‐FFI‐3), and media exposure. The MH17 crash elicited a small within‐person decrease in PA and an increase in NA and somatic symptoms. This response waned after 3 days and returned to baseline at day four. The decrease in PA was larger in more extraverted participants but smaller in those higher on neuroticism or conscientiousness. The NA response was smaller in elderly. Personality did not seem to moderate the NA and somatic response, and neither did media exposure. Dutch participants showed small acute somatic and affective responses up till 3 days to a disaster that they had not directly witnessed. Vicariously experienced disasters can thus elicit affective‐visceral responses indicative of acute stress reactions. Personality and age explained some of the individual differences in this reaction.
Modularity is the mother of invention: a review of polymorphism in bryozoans
Authors: Schack Carolann R. , Gordon Dennis P. , Ryan Ken G. 
Published: November 2018

AbstractModularity is a fundamental concept in biology. Most taxa within the colonial invertebrate phylum Bryozoa have achieved division of labour through the development of specialized modules (polymorphs), and this group is perhaps the most outstanding exemplar of the phenomenon. We provide a comprehensive description of the diversity, morphology and function of these polymorphs and the significance of modularity to the evolutionary success of the phylum, which has >21000 described fossil and living species. Modular diversity likely arose from heterogeneous microenvironmental conditions, and cormidia (repeated clusters of associated modules) are an emergent property of the cue thresholds governing zooid plasticity. Polymorphs in a colony have, during phylogeny, transitioned into associated non‐zooidal structures (appendages), increasing colonial integration. While the level of module compartmentalization is important for the evolution of bryozoan polymorphism, it may be less influential for other colonial invertebrates.
Processed science
Authors: Farris James S. 
Published: November 2018

AbstractAlthough promoted as a sociological history of then‐recent systematics, David L. Hull's () Science as a Process was, in fact, heavily fictionalized, particularly in its treatment of debates between pheneticists and cladists. Hull routinely suppressed or modified information unfavourable to pheneticists, so presenting a misleading portrayal of social interactions and even of the scientific content of published discussions.
Schneiderian membrane perforation via transcrestal sinus floor elevation: A randomized ex vivo study with endoscopic validation
Authors: Gargallo‐Albiol Jordi , Tattan Mustafa , Sinjab Khaled H. , Chan Hsun‐Liang , Wang Hom‐Lay 
Published: November 2018

AbstractObjectiveTo endoscopically determine the incidence of Schneiderian membrane perforation during transcrestal maxillary sinus floor elevation (SFE), in relation to the bone preparation technique, amount of bone graft, membrane elevation height and different surgical steps.Materials and methodsSeven cadaver heads corresponding to 12 maxillary sinuses were used to perform three SFE via transcrestal approach per sinus (36 elevations). Each sinus was randomly assigned to either the Sinus Crestal Approach (SCA) drill kit technique (experimental group) or the conventional osteotome technique (control group). During all phases of the surgery, the integrity of the sinus membrane was monitored through endoscopic examination.ResultsA significant difference was found in the incidence of perforation (p = 0.007) and vertical elevation height (p < 0.001) between the study groups, favoring the experimental group. A safety elevation threshold of 5 mm without bone graft and implant placement was estimated. A significant correlation was observed between the residual ridge height and the incidence of perforation (p < 0.001; OR = 0.51).ConclusionThe SCA drill kit may demonstrate superior osteotomy preparation and membrane elevation capabilities to the osteotome technique, and significantly when a 6‐mm SFE is indicated. Residual ridge height and vertical elevation height are risk determinant factors.
Elevated urinary orosomucoid excretion as a novel biomarker in Crohn’s disease
Authors: Szirmay Balázs , Tárnok András , Sarlós Patrícia , Szigeti Nóra , Ludány Andrea , Kustán Péter , Horváth‐Szalai Zoltán , Miseta Attila , Kőszegi Tamás 
Published: November 2018

AbstractBackgroundLaboratory markers are essential tools in the follow‐up of patients with Crohn's disease (CD). Our aim was to investigate urinary concentrations of orosomucoid in relation to the inflammatory activity of CD and to compare it with clinical indices and conventional laboratory parameters.Materials and methodsBlood and urine samples of 86 patients (55 adults and 31 children) with CD and 68 healthy individuals (38 adults and 30 children) as controls were analysed. Patients were categorized according to their clinical scores (Harvey‐Bradshaw Index [HBI] or Pediatric Crohn's Disease Activity Index [PCDAI]). Urinary orosomucoid (u‐ORM) was determined by automated immune turbidimetric assay, and values were referred to urinary creatinine (u‐ORM/u‐CREAT, mg/mmol).ResultsU‐ORM/u‐CREAT values were seven times higher in children with active CD (0.50 vs 0.07 mg/mmol, P < 0.001) and two times higher in adults (0.32 vs 0.14 mg/mmol, P = 0.01) compared with patients with inactive disease. U‐ORM/u‐CREAT showed good correlation with conventional inflammatory markers (hs‐CRP, serum ORM; P < 0.01) and activity indices (HBI, P = 0.018; PCDAI, P < 0.001). U‐ORM/u‐CREAT had similar discriminative performance to hs‐CRP and serum ORM in the differentiation of active from inactive paediatric CD patients.ConclusionsOur findings suggest that u‐ORM/u‐CREAT might serve as a valuable additional marker in the follow‐up of CD patients, especially in children for whom the non‐invasive sampling is a further advantage.
Total intravenous anaesthesia with ketamine, medetomidine and guaifenesin compared with ketamine, medetomidine and midazolam in young horses anaesthetised for computerised tomography
Authors: Pratt S. , Cunneen A. , Perkins N. , Farry T. , Kidd L. , McEwen M. , Rainger J. , Truchetti G. , Goodwin W. 
Published: November 2018

SummaryBackgroundThere is no information directly comparing midazolam with guaifenesin when used in combination with an alpha‐2 agonist and ketamine to maintain anaesthesia via i.v. infusion in horses.ObjectivesTo compare ketamine–medetomidine–guaifenesin with ketamine–medetomidine–midazolam for total intravenous anaesthesia (TIVA) in young horses anaesthetised for computerised tomography.Study designProspective, randomised, blinded, crossover trial.MethodsFourteen weanlings received medetomidine 7 μg/kg bwt i.v. and anaesthesia was induced with ketamine 2.2 mg/kg bwt i.v. On two separate occasions horses each received infusions of ketamine 3 mg/kg bwt/h, medetomidine 5 μg/kg bwt/h, guaifenesin 100 mg/kg bwt/h (KMG) or ketamine 3 mg/kg bwt/h, medetomidine 5 μg/kg bwt/h, midazolam 0.1 mg/kg bwt/h (KMM) for 50 min. Cardiorespiratory variables and anaesthetic depth were assessed every 5–10 min. Recovery times after the infusions ceased were recorded and recovery quality was assessed using a composite score system (CSS), simple descriptive scale (SDS) and visual analogue scale (VAS). Multivariable models were used to generate mean recovery scores for each treatment and each recovery score system and provide P‐values comparing treatment groups.ResultsAnaesthesia was uneventful with no difference in additional anaesthetic requirements and little clinically relevant differences in cardiopulmonary variables between groups. All horses recovered without incident with no significant difference in recovery times. Quality of the anaesthetic recovery was significantly better for the KMM group compared with the KMG group using the CSS (P<0.001), SDS (P<0.001) and VAS (P<0.001).Main limitationsNo surgical stimulus was applied and study animals may not represent general horse population.ConclusionMidazolam is a suitable alternative to guaifenesin when co‐infused with ketamine and medetomidine for anaesthesia in young horses undergoing noninvasive procedures. Both infusions produce a clinically comparable quality of anaesthesia; however, recovery from anaesthesia is of a better quality following an infusion of ketamine–medetomidine–midazolam.
Glimepiride prevents paraquat‐induced Parkinsonism in mice: involvement of oxidative stress and neuroinflammation
Authors: Ishola Ismail O. , Akataobi Onyinyechi E. , Alade Azeez A. , Adeyemi Olufunmilayo O. 
Published: November 2018

AbstractThere is a growing number of epidemiological and molecular studies which suggest that diabetes is associated with an increased risk of Parkinson's disease (PD). Hence, in this study, the effect of glimepiride (GPD), a sulphonylurea (antidiabetic) on paraquat (PQT)‐induced Parkinsonism was evaluated in mice. Thirty‐six mice were randomly divided into six groups (n = 6) and treated orally for 21 consecutive days as follows: Group 1: vehicle (10 mL/kg), Group 2: PQT (10 mg/kg, i.p., twice per week for 3 weeks), Group 3–5: GPD (1, 2 or 4 mg/kg) + PQT (10 mg/kg, i.p., twice per week for 3 weeks), Group 6: GPD (4 mg/kg, p.o.). The effects of the treatment on motor coordination were evaluated using the rotarod performance, bar and open field tests while working memory was assayed using Y‐maze test. Paraquat injection induced significant decrease in falling time, number of crosses and percentage alternation behaviour with a concomitant increase in the duration of cataleptic behaviour in the rotarod, open field, Y‐maze and bar tests, respectively, which was ameliorated by GPD treatment. PQT also increased lipid peroxidation, peroxynitrite and TNF‐α generations as well as deficit in superoxide dismutase and GSH activities in the midbrain. PQT‐induced oxidative stress and neuroinflammation was attenuated by GPD treatment. Findings from this study showed that GPD prevents PQT‐induced motor dysfunction, memory impairment, oxidative stress and neuroinflammation through enhancement of antioxidant defense system and inhibition of pro‐inflammatory cytokine release. Thus, GPD could be a potential adjunct in the management of Parkinsonism.
Explicit Modeling of Radon‐222 in HydroGeoSphere During Steady State and Dynamic Transient Storage
Authors: Gilfedder B.S. , Cartwright I. , Hofmann H. , Frei S. 
Published: November 2018

AbstractTransient storage zones (TSZs) are located at the interface of rivers and their abutting aquifers and play an important role in hydrological and biogeochemical functioning of rivers. The natural radioactive tracer 222Rn is a particularly well‐suited tracer for studying TSZ water exchange and age. Although 222Rn measurement techniques have developed rapidly, there has been less progress in modeling 222Rn activities. Here, we combine field measurements with the numerical model HydroGeoSphere (HGS) to simulate 222Rn emanation, decay and transport during steady state (riffle‐pool sequence) and transient (bank storage) conditions. Comparing the HGS mean water ages with the conventional 222Rn apparent ages during steady state showed a systemic underestimation of apparent age with increasing dispersion and especially where large concentration gradients exist within the subsurface. A large underestimation of apparent water age was also observed at the advective front during bank storage where regional high 222Rn groundwater mixes with newly infiltrated surface water. The explicit modeling of radiogenic tracers such as 222Rn offers a physical interpretation of this data as well as a useful way to test simplified apparent age models.
Gabapentin and Tricyclics in the Treatment of Post‐Concussive Headache, a Retrospective Cohort Study
Authors: Cushman Daniel M. , Borowski Lauren , Hansen Colby , Hendrick John , Bushman Troy , Teramoto Masaru 
Published: November 2018

ObjectiveTo examine the association of commonly prescribed post‐concussive medications, namely gabapentin and tricyclic antidepressants (TCAs), with symptom reduction after concussion.BackgroundConcussion is a common diagnosis in modern medicine. Many providers use medication to target the residual symptoms of a concussion, with little evidence supporting their efficacy.DesignRetrospective study with longitudinal analysis using mixed‐effects and piecewise regression analyses of 277 patients presenting to an academic sports medicine clinic, all of whom were clinically diagnosed with a concussion. Main outcomes were patient‐reported headache score (quantitative variable; 0–6) and combined symptom score (quantitative variable; 0–132) from the Post‐Concussion Symptom Scale (PCSS).MethodsPatients self‐reported their symptom scores on the PCSS at the time of each clinic visit. Gabapentin or TCAs were prescribed to some patients during their follow‐ups for headache treatment, based on physician judgment. Patients were classified into 3 groups: (1) no medication; (2) gabapentin; or (3) TCAs. Follow‐up data were evaluated over 1 year. A mixed‐effects and piecewise regression analysis were performed to assess long‐ and short‐term effects of medication status.ResultsThe mixed‐effects analysis showed a significant decrease in both headache and symptom scores over time in each medication group and in those not receiving medication (P ≤ .014 for all scenarios, B = −0.005 and −0.08, respectively). Although patients in the 2 medication groups showed significantly higher headache and symptom scores (P < .001), neither medication had a significant effect on longitudinal improvements in the outcome scores. The piecewise regression, however, showed short‐term improvements with gabapentin (1.3 points, P = .004) and more sustained improvements with TCAs (3.5 points, P = .006).ConclusionsPatients recover from a concussion with time, regardless of medication. Gabapentin and TCAs appear to have immediate effects on improving symptom burden, but long‐term outcomes show similar improvement compared to those who are not prescribed medication. More rigorous prospective studies are required to better elucidate their efficacy.
Does evaluation of tumour budding in diagnostic biopsies have a clinical relevance? A systematic review
Authors: Almangush Alhadi , Youssef Omar , Pirinen Matti , Sundström Jari , Leivo Ilmo , Mäkitie Antti A 
Published: November 2018

AbstractTumour budding has emerged as a promising prognostic marker in many cancers. We systematically reviewed all studies that evaluated tumour budding in diagnostic biopsies. We conducted a systematic review of PubMed, MEDLINE, Scopus, Web of Science and Cochrane library for all articles that have assessed tumour budding in diagnostic (i.e. pretreatment or pre‐operative) biopsies of any tumour type. Two independent researchers screened the retrieved studies, removed duplicates, excluded irrelevant studies and extracted data from the eligible studies. A total of 13 reports comprising 11 cohorts were found to have studied tumour budding in diagnostic biopsies. All these reports showed that evaluation of tumour budding in diagnostic biopsies was easily applicable. A strong association was observed between tumour budding score in diagnostic biopsies and corresponding surgical samples. Evaluation of tumour budding in diagnostic biopsies had a significant prognostic value for lymph node metastasis and patient survival. In all studies, tumour budding was a valuable marker of tumour aggressiveness and can be evaluated in technically satisfactory diagnostic biopsies. Thus, the assessment of tumour budding seems to identify the behaviour of cancer, and therefore to facilitate treatment planning.
Three variations on the Australian supported playgroup model
Authors: Wright Amy Conley , Warren Jane , Burriel Kristen , Sinnott Lynda 
Published: November 2018

AbstractThe supported playgroup model has widespread popularity in Australia, though its informality may work against building the evidence base needed to sustain governmental funding. The wide uptake of the supported playgroup service model among community organisations in Australia demonstrates its potential and popularity. This article discusses the Families New South Wales (NSW) supported playgroup model and demonstrates how it can be adapted to meet the needs of a variety of target populations. Three programmes utilising the supported playgroup model are described, serving parents and carers living in areas of economic disadvantage, mothers living with mental illness and parents and carers of children with disabilities. Each case study highlights how the programme operationalises the Families NSW supported playgroup model. The article provides a conceptual framework, drawing on relevant social theory about potential impacts at the levels of policy, organisations, community and parent−child relationships, with recommendations for future research.Key Practitioner Message: •The Australian supported playgroup model combines parent peer support, child opportunities for play and referrals to community services; • This model works with a variety of populations as a prevention strategy and soft entry point for community services; • Theory supports potential outcomes at different ecological levels.
Refugees, not Economic Migrants ‐ Why do Asylum‐Seekers Register in Hungary?
Authors: Tétényi András , Barczikay Tamás , Szent‐Iványi Balázs 
Published: November 2018

AbstractThe article analyses why asylum‐seekers choose Hungary as an entry point to the European Union. Among the Central and Eastern European countries Hungary has been by far the most popular choice for asylum‐seekers between 2002 and 2016, yet surprisingly, it has been neglected by the literature. Using a panel dataset and fixed effects regressions, the article finds that beyond being ‘conveniently’ located on the Balkans migration route, variables related to Hungary's immigration policy are the most significant determinants of asylum‐seeker choices. The article finds no evidence to support recent claims by the Hungarian government that arrivals to the country are actually economic migrants and not asylum‐seekers; quite the contrary, the results indicate that on average asylum‐seekers entering Hungary are fleeing violent conflict in their countries of origin.