bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Spatiotemporal distribution of a non-haematophagous bat community and rabies virus circulation: a proposal for urban rabies surveillance in Brazil
Authors: Dias R. A. , Rocha F. , Ulloa-Stanojlovic F. M. , Nitsche A. , Castagna C. , de Lucca T. , Rodrigues R. C. A. 
Published: March 2019

AbstractIn Brazil, rabies surveillance is based on monitoring domestic and wild animals, although the most prevalent lineage of the rabies virus (RABV) currently diagnosed in Brazil is associated with bats, particularly non-haematophagous bats. Disease control is based on the mass vaccination of dogs and cats. We used data collected by the passive surveillance system of the city of Campinas from 2011 to 2015, to describe the temporal and geographic distributions of the bat specimens and RABV and discuss the current rabies surveillance with the advent of the declaration of canine and feline rabies-free areas in Brazil. We described the species, locations and health statuses of the collected bat specimens. Moreover, all samples were submitted for RABV diagnosis. Then, we performed a time series decomposition for each bat family. Additionally, we determined the spatiotemporal relative risk for RABV infection using the ratio of the kernel-smoothed estimates of spatiotemporal densities of RABV-positive and RABV-negative bats. From the 2537 bat specimens, the most numerous family was Molossidae (72%), followed by Vespertilionidae (14%) and Phyllostomidae (13%). The bat families behaved differently in terms of seasonal and spatial patterns. The distribution of bats varied geographically in the urban environment, with Molossidae and Phyllostomidae being observed downtown and Vespertilionidae being observed in peripheral zones. Concurrently, a significant relative risk of RABV infection was observed downtown for Vespertilionidae and in peripheral zones for Molossidae. No RABV-positive sample clusters were observed. As a result of the official declaration of RABV-free areas in southern Brazil, mass dog and cat vaccinations are expected to halt in the near future. This stoppage would make most dog and cat populations susceptible to other RABV lineages, such as those maintained by non-haematophagous bats. In this scenario, all information available on bats and RABV distribution in urban areas is essential. Currently, few studies have been conducted. Some local health authorities, such as that in Campinas, are spontaneously basing their surveillance efforts on bat rabies, which is the alternative in reality scenario of increased susceptibility to bat-associated RABV that is developing in Brazil.
Probabilistic logic over equations and domain restrictions
Authors: Mordido Andreia , Caleiro Carlos 
Published: March 2019

AbstractWe propose and study a probabilistic logic over an algebraic basis, including equations and domain restrictions. The logic combines aspects from classical logic and equational logic with an exogenous approach to quantitative probabilistic reasoning. We present a sound and weakly complete axiomatization for the logic, parameterized by an equational specification of the algebraic basis coupled with the intended domain restrictions.We show that the satisfiability problem for the logic is decidable, under the assumption that its algebraic basis is given by means of a convergent rewriting system, and, additionally, that the axiomatization of domain restrictions enjoys a suitable subterm property. For this purpose, we provide a polynomial reduction to Satisfiability Modulo Theories. As a consequence, we get that validity in the logic is also decidable. Furthermore, under the assumption that the rewriting system that defines the equational basis underlying the logic is also subterm convergent, we show that the resulting satisfiability problem is NP-complete, and thus the validity problem is coNP-complete.We test the logic with meaningful examples in information security, namely by verifying and estimating the probability of the existence of offline guessing attacks to cryptographic protocols.
“Geographies of Peoples”: Scientific Racialism and Labor Internationalism in Gilded Age American Socialism
Authors: Costaguta Lorenzo 
Published: March 2019

AbstractThis article investigates ideas of race in Gilded Age socialism by analyzing the intellectual production of the leaders of the Socialist Party of America (SLP) from 1876 to 1882. Existing scholarship on socialism and race during the Gilded Age and the Progressive Era rarely addresses socialist conceptions of race prior to 1901 and fails to recognize the centrality of scientific racialism and Darwinism in influencing socialist thought. By positioning American socialism within a transatlantic scenario and reconstructing how the immigrant origins of Gilded Age socialists influenced their perceptions of race, this article argues that scientific racialism and Darwinism competed with color-blind internationalism in shaping the racial policies of the SLP during the Gilded Age. Moreover, a transatlantic investigation of American socialist ideas of race presents a reinterpretation of the early phases of the history of the SLP and addresses its historical legacies. While advocates of scientific racialism and Darwinism determined the racial policies of the SLP in the 1880s, color-blind internationalists abandoned the party and extended their influence beyond organized socialism, especially in the Knights of Labor.
A multi-layer approach of orthogonally fed circularly polarized microstrip array antenna for enhanced gain
Authors: Rahman Muhammad Asad , Nishiyama Eisuke , Hossain Md. Azad , Hossain Quazi Delware , Toyoda Ichihiko 
Published: March 2019

AbstractA new circularly polarized microstrip array antenna using the orthogonal feed technique is proposed in this paper. The antenna has a multi-layer structure and a new 3-way power divider employing the both-sided microwave integrated circuit technology is designed to configure the feed network of the array. Circular polarization (CP) is realized by creating a quadrature phase difference between orthogonal feed circuits of the patches. The multi-layer structure gives flexibility to adjust the patch spacing that helps to reduce the sidelobe level of the antenna. It is found that the multi-layer structure exhibits a gain of about 2 dB higher than that of a single layer structure by means of sidelobe reduction. The proposed structure also exhibits good CP performances that are verified by a good agreement of measured and simulated results. Simple and compact structure makes the antenna suitable for various wireless applications.
ICT in Legal Education
Authors: Muntjewerff Antoinette J. 
Published: March 2019

The Bologna Declaration (1999) started a process of reforming European higher education. The major aim of the declaration was to construct a single European Higher Education Area by 2010,“‥through increased compatibility and comparability of higher education systems in order to facilitate internal mobility for students, graduates and higher education institution staff members, but also to make European higher education more recognisable and attractive to students and scholars from outside Europe.”
The Spanish Constitution and the European Constitution: The Script for a Virtual Collision and Other Observations on the Principle of Primacy
Authors: García Ricardo Alonso 
Published: March 2019

The following reflections, that will focus exclusively on the European primacy clause in the light of theStatement by the Constitutional Court no. 1/2004 of 13 December, in particular with regard to its scope as regards the Spanish Constitution itself, may take as a starting point the conclusion contained at the last paragraph of FJ 4 of the Statement, which states as follows:“In the scarcely-conceivable event that in the ultimate functioning of European Union Law this Law were to result irreconcilable with the Spanish Constitution, and without the hypothetical excesses of European Law with regard to the European Constitution itself being remedied by the ordinary channels provided for in the latter, ultimately the preservation of the sovereignty of the Spanish people and of the supremacy of the Constitution as it provides for itself could lead this Court to tackle the problems that would arise in such a case, and which from the current point of view are considered to be non-existent, by way of the relevant constitutional procedures”.
Modulation of Electromagnetic Ion Cyclotron Waves by Pc5 ULF Waves and Energetic Ring Current Ions
Authors: Kakad Amar , Kakad Bharati , Omura Yoshiharu , Sinha Ashwini K. , Upadhyay Aditi , Rawat Rahul 
Published: March 2019

AbstractWe present a ground observation of modulations of strong electromagnetic ion cyclotron (EMIC) waves by short and long periodicities at Indian Antarctic station, Maitri. The signatures of these waves were evident in the magnetic field variations recorded by an induction coil magnetometer during the interval 4.7–7.2 UT on 17 September 2011, a moderately disturbed day. These waves were preceded by a gradual increase in the solar wind dynamic pressure, which started at 3.88 UT. The discrete rising tone EMIC waves were observed in the Pc1 frequency band (∼0.5–0.9 Hz). The investigation of the periodicities of the observed wave spectrogram shows the presence of short (≈2.4 min) and long (≈39–69 min) periodicities. Our analysis shows that the short periodicities are associated with the Pc5 Ultra Low Frequency (ULF) waves generated by magnetic field line oscillations, while long periodicities might be associated with the ring current drifting ions. A new method, based on the cross‐correlation technique, is adopted to determine sweep rates of the discrete rising tones. The average sweep rates estimated in the range of 0.44–1.9 mHz/s are relatively low as compared to the past reports of sweep rates derived from the satellite observations of EMIC waves. We found that the higher sweep rates are associated with the stronger EMIC waves on the ground, which is in agreement with the theoretical studies. This suggests that the theoretically proposed dependence of sweep rate on strength of EMIC wave in the generation region is retained even during the propagation of these waves to the ground.
The Effects of Geomagnetic Storms and Solar Wind Conditions on the Ultrarelativistic Electron Flux Enhancements
Authors: Zhao H. , Baker D. N. , Li X. , Jaynes A. N. , Kanekal S. G. 
Published: March 2019

AbstractUsing data from the Relativistic Electron Proton Telescope on the Van Allen Probes, the effects of geomagnetic storms and solar wind conditions on the ultrarelativistic electron (E > ~3 MeV) flux enhancements in the outer radiation belt, especially regarding their energy dependence, are investigated. It is showed that, statistically, more intense geomagnetic storms are indeed more likely to cause flux enhancements of ~1.8‐ to 7.7‐MeV electrons, though large variations exist. As the electron energy gets higher, the probability of flux enhancement gets lower. To shed light on which conditions of the storms are preferred to cause ultrarelativistic electron flux enhancement, detailed superposed epoch analyses of solar wind parameters and geomagnetic indices during moderate and intense storms with/without flux enhancements of different energy electrons are conducted. The results suggest that the storms with higher solar wind speed, sustained southward interplanetary magnetic field Bz, lower solar wind number density, higher solar wind Ey, and elevated and sustained substorm activity are more likely to cause ultrarelativistic electron flux enhancements in the outer belt. Comparing results of different energy electrons, the solar wind speed and AE index are the two parameters mostly correlated with the energy‐dependent acceleration of ultrarelativistic electrons: Storms with higher solar wind speed and elevated and sustained substorm activity are more likely to cause flux enhancement of ultrarelativistic electrons with higher energies. This suggests the important roles of inward radial diffusion as well as the source and seed populations provided by substorms on the energy‐dependent acceleration of ultrarelativistic electrons.
Targeting EGFR exon 20 insertion mutations in non-small cell lung cancer
Authors: Vyse Simon , Huang Paul H. 
Published: March 2019

AbstractInframe insertions of three or more base pairs in exon 20 of the epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) gene were among the first EGFR mutations to be identified as oncogenic drivers in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). However, unlike the classical EGFR L858R point mutation or exon 19 deletions, which represent the majority of EGFR mutations in NSCLC, low frequency EGFR exon 20 insertion mutations are associated with de novo resistance to targeted EGFR inhibitors and correlate with a poor patient prognosis. Here, we review the developments over the last 5 years in which pre-clinical studies, including elucidation of the crystal structure of an EGFR exon 20 insertion mutant kinase, have revealed a unique mechanism of kinase activation and steric conformation that define the lack of response of these EGFR mutations to clinically approved EGFR inhibitors. The recent development of several novel small molecule compounds that selectively inhibit EGFR exon 20 insertions holds promise for future therapeutic options that will be effective for patients with this molecular subtype of NSCLC.
LAMB3 mediates apoptotic, proliferative, invasive, and metastatic behaviors in pancreatic cancer by regulating the PI3K/Akt signaling pathway
Authors: Zhang Hong , Pan Yao-zhen , Cheung May , Cao Mary , Yu Chao , Chen Ling , Zhan Lei , He Zhi-wei , Sun Cheng-yi 
Published: March 2019

AbstractThe poor prognosis of patients with pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) is partially attributed to the invasive and metastatic behavior of this disease. Laminin subunit beta-3 (LAMB3) encodes one of the three subunits of LM-332, an extracellular matrix protein secreted by cultured human keratinocytes. In addition, LAMB3 is involved in the invasive and metastatic abilities of some types of cancer, including colon, pancreas, lung, cervix, stomach, and prostate cancer, but the role and mechanism of LAMB3 in PDAC have not been previously determined. Herein, we tentatively investigated the role of LAMB3 in the malignant biological behavior of PDAC. In this study, we demonstrated that LAMB3 is upregulated in PDAC. Inhibition of LAMB3 abrogated the tumorigenic outcomes of PI3K/Akt signaling pathway activation, including those involving cell cycle arrest, cell apoptosis, proliferation, invasion and migration in vitro, and tumor growth and liver metastasis in vivo. Our results showed that LAMB3 could mediate cell cycle arrest and apoptosis in PDAC cells and alter the proliferative, invasive, and metastatic behaviors of PDAC by regulating the PI3K/Akt signaling pathway. LAMB3 may be a novel therapeutic target for the treatment of PDAC in the future.
RETRACTED ARTICLE: Intracellular citrate accumulation by oxidized ATM-mediated metabolism reprogramming via PFKP and CS enhances hypoxic breast cancer cell invasion and metastasis
Authors: Peng Meixi , Yang Dan , Hou Yixuan , Liu Shuiqing , Zhao Maojia , Qin Yilu , Chen Rui , Teng Yong , Liu Manran 
Published: March 2019

AbstractCitrate, a substance being related to de novo fatty acid synthesis and tricarboxylic acid (TCA) cycle, has a pivotal role in cell survival. However, the molecular mechanisms that regulate intracellular citrate in triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC), especially under hypoxic condition, remain poorly understood. Here we find that hypoxia (1% O2) induces DNA damage-independent ATM activation (oxidized ATM) and suppression of oxidized ATM reduces intracellular citrate via decreasing the levels of phosphofructokinase (PFKP) and citrate synthase (CS), two key glucose metabolism-associated enzymes. Mechanistically, PFKP is regulated by HIF1A at the translational level, whereas CS is of posttranscriptional regulation by UBR5-mediated ubiquitination. Interestingly, accumulation of citrate in cytoplasm or exogenous citrate significantly enhances cell migration, invasion, and metastasis of hypoxic TNBC cells in vitro and in mice xenografts. The underlying mechanism mainly involves citrate-stimulated activation of the AKT/ERK/MMP2/9 signaling axis. Our findings unravel a novel function of oxidized ATM in promoting migration, invasion, and metastasis of TNBC.
Analysis of antihypertensive treatment using real-world Japanese data—the retrospective study of antihypertensives for lowering blood pressure (REAL) study
Authors: Ohishi Mitsuru , Yoshida Takuo , Oh Akinori , Hiroi Shinzo , Takeshima Tomomi , Otsuka Yujiro , Iwasaki Kosuke , Shimasaki Yukio 
Published: March 2019

AbstractHypertension requires strict treatment because it causes diseases that can lead to death. Although various classes of antihypertensive drugs are available, the actual status of antihypertensive drug selection and the transition in prescription patterns over time have not been fully examined. Therefore, we conducted a claims-based study using two claims databases (2008–16) to determine this status in Japan. We examined the prescription rate for each class of antihypertensive drugs in hypertensive patients and compared the patients’ ages and the sizes of the medical institutions treating these patients. Among the 1 560 865 and 302 433 hypertensive patients in each database, calcium channel blockers (CCBs) (>60%) and angiotensin II receptor blockers (ARBs) (>55%) were the most frequently prescribed classes. The prescription rate of CCBs increased and ARBs decreased with the patients’ ages. Although the Japanese guidelines for management of hypertension in 2014 changed the recommendation and indicated that β-blockers should not be used as first-line drugs, their prescription status did not change during this study period up to 2016. Use of CCBs and ARBs as first-line drugs differed by the types of patient comorbidities. Although ARBs or angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors were recommended for patients with some comorbidities, CCBs were used relatively frequently. In conclusion, the patients’ ages and comorbidities and the sizes of the medical institutions affect the selection of antihypertensive drugs. Selection and use of drugs may not always follow the guidelines.
CHD7 promotes glioblastoma cell motility and invasiveness through transcriptional modulation of an invasion signature
Authors: Machado Raquel A. C. , Schneider Hannah , DeOcesano-Pereira Carlos , Lichtenstein Flavio , Andrade Fernando , Fujita André , Trombetta-Lima Marina , Weller Michael , Bowman-Colin Christian , Sogayar Mari Cleide 
Published: March 2019

AbstractChromatin remodeler proteins exert an important function in promoting dynamic modifications in the chromatin architecture, performing a central role in regulating gene transcription. Deregulation of these molecular machines may lead to striking perturbations in normal cell function. The CHD7 gene is a member of the chromodomain helicase DNA-binding family and, when mutated, has been shown to be the cause of the CHARGE syndrome, a severe developmental human disorder. Moreover, CHD7 has been described to be essential for neural stem cells and it is also highly expressed or mutated in a number of human cancers. However, its potential role in glioblastoma has not yet been tested. Here, we show that CHD7 is up-regulated in human glioma tissues and we demonstrate that CHD7 knockout (KO) in LN-229 glioblastoma cells suppresses anchorage-independent growth and spheroid invasion in vitro. Additionally, CHD7 KO impairs tumor growth and increases overall survival in an orthotopic mouse xenograft model. Conversely, ectopic overexpression of CHD7 in LN-428 and A172 glioblastoma cell lines increases cell motility and invasiveness in vitro and promotes LN-428 tumor growth in vivo. Finally, RNA-seq analysis revealed that CHD7 modulates a specific transcriptional signature of invasion-related target genes. Further studies should explore clinical-translational implications for glioblastoma treatment.
Connectivity mapping of angiotensin-PPAR interactions involved in the amelioration of non-alcoholic steatohepatitis by Telmisartan
Authors: Park Jung Gyu , Mok Jong Soo , Han Young In , Park Tae Sub , Kang Keon Wook , Choi Cheol Soo , Park Hee Dong , Park Joonghoon 
Published: March 2019

AbstractNonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is a global health problem that is associated with various metabolic disorders. Telmisartan is a potential treatment for NAFLD due to its ability to improve insulin sensitivity and decrease hepatic fat accumulation via modulation of PPARγ, and to suppress hepatic fibrosis by blocking angiotensin II receptors. However, the underlying mechanisms of action of telmisartan have yet to be fully elucidated. In the present study, diabetic nonalcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH) mice (STAM mice) received daily administrations of telmisartan for 6 weeks to assess the improvements in NASH. Hepatic transcriptome analyses revealed that the amelioration of NASH likely occurred through the regulation of inflammatory- and fibrosis-related gene responses. An integrated network analysis including transcriptional and non-transcriptional genes regulated by telmisartan showed that the NAFLD pathway is interconnected with the dysregulated RAS-PPAR-NFκB pathways. The downstream targets of PPARα, PPARδ, and RELA in this network significantly overlapped with telmisartan-induced differentially expressed genes (DEGs), which were verified in palmitate-treated Hepa1c1c7 cell line. This transcriptome approach accompanied with cell-based molecular analyses provided the opportunity to understand the fundamental molecular mechanisms underpinning the therapeutic effects of telmisartan, and will contribute to the establishment of a novel pharmacological treatment for NASH patients.