bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
DMS‐seq for In Vivo Genome‐Wide Mapping of Protein‐DNA Interactions and Nucleosome Centers
Authors: Umeyama Taichi , Ito Takashi 
Published: June 2018

AbstractThe genome exerts its functions through interactions with proteins. Hence, comprehensive identification of protein‐occupied sites by genomic footprinting is critical to an in‐depth understanding of genome functions. This unit describes the protocol of dimethyl sulfate‐sequencing (DMS‐seq). DMS is an alkylating reagent that methylates guanine and adenine in double‐stranded DNA. DMS added to the culture medium readily enters the cell and methylates its DNA throughout the genome except for the regions bound by proteins, thereby obviating the need for nuclear isolation in genomic footprinting. Polyamine/AP‐endonuclease treatment of DNA isolated from DMS‐treated cells induces cleavages at the methylated sites. Deep sequencing of these fragments identifies protein‐bound sites as peaks of protected fragments or troughs of cleavage sites. Furthermore, DMS displays an unexpected preference to nucleosome centers, enabling their direct detection without genetic manipulation. Therefore, DMS‐seq provides a unique method for non‐targeted profiling of in vivo protein‐DNA interactions. © 2018 by John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
Coupled modeling of bank retreat processes in the Upper Jingjiang Reach, China
Authors: Deng Shanshan , Xia Junqiang , Zhou Meirong , Li Jie , Zhu Yonghui 
Published: June 2018

AbstractBank retreat processes in the Upper Jingjiang Reach (UJR) have attracted much attention in recent years due to a high occurrence frequency, and these processes can be influenced significantly by the near‐bank fluvial erosion and variations in river stage and groundwater level. A coupled model was thus proposed in this study, integrating the module of bank‐toe deformation with the modules of groundwater level change and bank stability analysis. The proposed model was validated through comparisons between the calculated and measured bank erosion volumes and bank profiles at four typical sections in the UJR, with relatively close agreement being obtained. Multiple tests were conducted to investigate the model performance. These results show that: (i) a more rapid drawdown of river stage resulted in a more significantly delayed response of groundwater level to river stage, indicating that the bank may suffer a higher pore water pressure at the same river stage during the rapid drawdown period; (ii) a larger bank erosion volume was predicted, with the delayed response of groundwater level being considered. In addition, initial groundwater level may take a great impact on bank erosion simulations, especially for the banks with relatively lower soil permeability and shear strength); (iii) based on the adopted method of bank stability analysis, the occurrence of the first failure may greatly influence the sequential failures, and thus the total number and volume of bank failure; (iv) the calculated bank erosion volume was most sensitive to a change in the critical shear stress, especially to its decrease, when the erodibility coefficient was determined by an empirical function of the critical shear stress. © 2018 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Design and Optimization of a Fuel‐ and Air‐Preheater for Reversible Solid Oxide Fuel Cells
Authors: Jia X. , Pei P. 
Published: June 2018

AbstractIn this study, fuel‐ and air‐preheater for reversible solid oxide fuel cells (RSOFCs) are designed and optimized to improve energy utilization. The fuel‐ and air‐preheater models are established and validated to be correct by comparison to experiment results. Geometry parameters of air‐ and fuel‐ preheater are optimized to get smaller temperature differences (ΔT) between hot side inlet and cold side outlet. The other main optimization is to reduce pressure losses ΔP in preheater channels. It is founded that three geometry parameters have significant influences on ΔT and ΔP, which are plate number, width and height of fuel‐ and air‐preheater. For fuel preheater, the smallest ΔT and ΔP are obtained when geometry parameters are 9 plates, 4.8 mm width and 5 mm height. For air preheater, they are 7 plates, 1 mm width and 5 mm height. This study shows new preheater models and analyzes the influence parameters of a reversible process on design. Smaller ΔT and ΔP are achieved by modifying these parameters, which make full use of recycling energy and minimize operating costs.
Comparison of endometrial assessment by transvaginal ultrasonography and hysteroscopy
Authors: Yela Daniela A. , Pini Patricia H. , Benetti‐Pinto Cristina L. 
Published: June 2018

AbstractObjectiveTo compare transvaginal ultrasonography and hysteroscopy for the diagnosis of endometrial pathologies.MethodsIn the present retrospective cohort study, data were reviewed from women with ultrasonography findings suggestive of endometrial lesions and/or abnormal uterine bleeding who underwent hysteroscopy at a single center in Campinas, Brazil, between January 2011 and December 2013; data were stratified based on reproductive‐aged and postmenopausal groups. The accuracy, sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value (PPV), and negative predictive value (NPV) of ultrasonography and hysteroscopy for the diagnosis of endometrial lesions were determined. Histopathology was used as the gold standard.ResultsThere were 754 patients included (256 reproductive age, 498 postmenopausal). In the reproductive‐age group, ultrasonography had a sensitivity of 96.0%, specificity of 58.0%, PPV of 94.4%, NPV of 66.6%, and accuracy of 91.5%, whereas hysteroscopy had a sensitivity of 91.8%, specificity of 76.6%, PPV of 96.0%, NPV of 60.5%, and accuracy of 89.7% for the diagnosis of endometrial disease. In the postmenopausal group, ultrasonography had a sensitivity of 99.0%, specificity of 19.0%, PPV of 96.1%, NPV of 50.0%, and accuracy of 95.3%, whereas hysteroscopy had a sensitivity of 96.7%, specificity of 86.9%, PPV of 99.2%, NPV of 58.8%, and accuracy of 96.2%.ConclusionUltrasonography was found to be an effective method for the diagnosis of endometrial disease, especially among postmenopausal women.
ROLE OF FIRST‐YEAR MATERNAL EMPLOYMENT AND PATERNAL INVOLVEMENT IN BEHAVIORAL AND COGNITIVE DEVELOPMENT OF YOUNG CHILDREN
Authors: Im Youngjo , Vanderweele Tyler J. 
Published: June 2018

ABSTRACTDrawing on economic models of child development and attachment relationship perspectives, this study examined the effect of maternal employment in the first year after childbirth on subsequent behavioral and cognitive development in low‐income children. Analyses of data from the Project on Human Development in Chicago Neighborhoods (N = 411) revealed that despite the accompanying family income gains, maternal employment in the first year after childbirth adversely affected caregiver‐reported internalizing and externalizing behavior problems of Hispanic, Black, and White children at ages 3 and 5 years. This study also examined how paternal participation in childcare might affect children's outcomes. Results indicate that greater paternal participation eased the adverse impacts of maternal employment on internalizing behavior problems. There was no evidence that maternal employment was associated with children's memory cognitive functioning or that paternal involvement moderated children's cognitive development. These findings suggest that when early intervention programs are designed to assist low‐income families, enhancing supports (e.g., paternal involvement or parental leave) for working mothers during their child's first year may be valuable for young children's healthy development.
Retracted: Silencing ARHGAP9 correlates with the risk of breast cancer and inhibits the proliferation, migration, and invasion of breast cancer
Authors: Wang Tianyi , Ha Minwen 
Published: June 2018

AbstractBreast cancer (BC) is one of the most common malignant tumors in women, and screening relevant genes and markers that are involved in BC tumor genesis and progression is of great value. We previously found that messenger RNA expression of ARHGAP9 was high in BC tissue, but it is unclear whether ARHGAP9 participates in the progression of human BC. In this study, we found that ARHGAP9 expression was correlated with poor patient survival, American Joint Committee on Cancer clinical staging, tumor size, and tumor differentiation. MCF‐7 and MDA‐MB‐231 cells exhibited higher expression of ARHGAP9 than other human BC cell lines (HCC1937, MDA‐MB‐453, ZR‐75‐1, and Hs 578T). Knockdown of ARHGAP9 in human BC cells markedly reduced the cell proliferation, migration, and invasive ability of MCF‐7 and MDA‐MB‐231 cells. Furthermore, small interfering RNA (siRNA) of ARHGAP9 also induced G0‐G1 cell cycle arrest and apoptosis in MCF‐7 and MDA‐MB‐231 cells. Expressions of cell cycle markers (CDK2 and CCNB1) and invasion‐related protein (RhoC and MTA1) were downregulated in siRNA‐ARHGAP9‐transfected cells. siRNA of ARHGAP9 also inhibited the phosphorylation of mitogen‐activated protein kinases in BC cells. In conclusion, the abnormal expression of ARHGAP9 may correlate with the genesis, development, and diagnosis of BC.
MiR‐128‐1‐5p regulates tight junction induced by selenium deficiency via targeting cell adhesion molecule 1 in broilers vein endothelial cells
Authors: Pan Tingru , Hu Xueyuan , Liu Tianqi , Xu Zhe , Wan Na , Zhang Yiming , Li Shu 
Published: June 2018

Vein endothelial cells (VECs) constitute an important barrier for macromolecules and circulating cells from the blood to the tissues, stabilizing the colloid osmotic pressure of the blood, regulating the vascular tone, and rapidly changing the intercellular connection, and maintaining normal physiological function. Tight junction has been discovered as an important structural basis of intercellular connection and may play a key role in intercellular connection injuries or vascular diseases and selenium (Se) deficiency symptoms. Hence, we replicated the Se‐deficient broilers model and detected the specific microRNA in response to Se‐deficient vein by using quantitative real time‐PCR (qRT‐PCR) analysis. Also, we selected miR‐128‐1‐5p based on differential expression in vein tissue and confirmed its target gene cell adhesion molecule 1 (CADM1) by the dual luciferase reporter assay and qRT‐PCR in VECs. We made the ectopic miR‐128‐1‐5p expression for the purpose of validating its function on tight junction. The result showed that miR‐128‐1‐5p and CADM1 were involved in the ZO‐1‐mediated tight junction, increased paracellular permeability, and arrested cell cycle. We presumed that miR‐128‐1‐5p and Se deficiency might trigger tight junction. Interestingly, miR‐128‐1‐5p inhibitor and fasudil in part hinder the destruction of the intercellular structure caused by Se deficiency. The miR‐128‐1‐5p/CADM1/tight junction axis provides a new avenue toward understanding the mechanism of Se deficiency, revealing a novel regulation model of tight junction injury in vascular diseases.
Mesenchymal stromal cells from amniotic fluid are less prone to senescence compared to those obtained from bone marrow: An in vitro study
Authors: Alessio Nicola , Pipino Caterina , Mandatori Domitilla , Di Tomo Pamela , Ferone Angela , Marchiso Marco , Melone Mariarosa A.B. , Peluso Gianfranco , Pandolfi Assunta , Galderisi Umberto 
Published: June 2018

Mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs) are considered to be an excellent source in regenerative medicine. They contain several cell subtypes, including multipotent stem cells. MSCs are of particular interest as they are currently being tested using cell and gene therapies for a number of human diseases. They represent a rare population in tissues; for this reason, they require, before being transplanted, an in vitro amplification. This process may induce replicative senescence, thus affecting differentiation and proliferative capacities. Increasing evidence suggests that MSCs from fetal tissues are significantly more plastic and grow faster than MSCs from bone marrow. Here, we compare amniotic fluid mesenchymal stromal cells (AF‐MSCs) and bone marrow mesenchymal stromal cells (BM‐MSCs) in terms of cell proliferation, surface markers, multidifferentiation potential, senescence, and DNA repair capacity. Our study shows that AF‐MSCs are less prone to senescence with respect to BM‐MSCs. Moreover, both cell models activate the same repair system after DNA damage, but AF‐MSCs are able to return to the basal condition more efficiently with respect to BM‐MSCs. Indeed, AF‐MSCs are better able to cope with genotoxic stress that may occur either during in vitro cultivation or following transplantation in patients. Our findings suggest that AF‐MSCs may represent a valid alternative to BM‐MSCs in regenerative medicine, and, of great relevance, the investigation of the mechanisms involved in DNA repair capacity of both AF‐MSCs and BM‐MSCs may pave the way to their rational use in the medical field.
Population Pharmacokinetic/Pharmacodynamic Analyses of Avatrombopag in Patients With Chronic Liver Disease and Optimal Dose Adjustment Guide With Concomitantly Administered CYP3A and CYP2C9 Inhibitors
Authors: Nomoto Maiko , Ferry Jim , Hussein Ziad 
Published: June 2018

AbstractAvatrombopag, a c‐Mpl agonist, has been developed to provide an alternative therapy to standard platelet transfusion care for the treatment of thrombocytopenia. The main objectives of this article were to describe the pharmacokinetics (PK) of avatrombopag, to characterize the pharmacokinetic/pharmacodynamic (PK/PD) relationship between plasma avatrombopag concentrations and platelet count, and to identify potential intrinsic and extrinsic factors affecting PK or PK/PD in patients with chronic liver disease (CLD). Platelet count following avatrombopag administration with and without concomitant medication was further simulated using the final population PK/PD model to explore potential dose adjustments. Avatrombopag PK was described by a 1‐compartment model with combined first‐ and zero‐order absorption and linear elimination. The relationship between the plasma avatrombopag concentrations and platelet count was well described by a 6‐compartment life‐span model with a linear drug effect. The final PK and PK/PD models included statistically significant but not clinically relevant effects of body weight and CLD on apparent volume distribution and East Asian ethnicity, albumin, and thrombopoietin level on the slope parameter in the PK/PD relationship. PK/PD simulations showed comparable elevation in platelet count with and without concomitant cytochrome P450 (CYP) 3A and CYP2C9 inhibitors for the dosing regimens of 40 and 60 mg for 5 days, with predictions of <10% of CLD patients exceeding platelet count >200 × 109/L. Dose adjustment is therefore not necessary with concomitant use of CYP3A and CYP2C9 interacting drugs considering the limited treatment duration (ie, 5 days) and lack of significant safety concerns in CLD patients.
Pairs and triples of forbidden subgraphs and the existence of a 2‐factor
Authors: Aldred R. E. L. , Fujisawa Jun , Saito Akira 
Published: June 2018

AbstractLet be a set of connected graphs, each of which has order at least three, and suppose that there exist infinitely many connected ‐free graphs of minimum degree at least two and all except for finitely many of them have a 2‐factor. In [J. Graph Theory, 64
(2010), 250–266], we proved that if , then one of the members in is a star. In this article, we determine the remaining members of and hence give a complete characterization of the pairs and triples of forbidden subgraphs.
Iron deposition quantification: Applications in the brain and liver
Authors: Yan Fuhua , He Naying , Lin Huimin , Li Ruokun 
Published: June 2018

Iron has long been implicated in many neurological and other organ diseases. It is known that over and above the normal increases in iron with age, in certain diseases there is an excessive iron accumulation in the brain and liver. MRI is a noninvasive means by which to image the various structures in the brain in three dimensions and quantify iron over the volume of the object of interest. The quantification of iron can provide information about the severity of iron‐related diseases as well as quantify changes in iron for patient follow‐up and treatment monitoring. This article provides an overview of current MRI‐based methods for iron quantification, specifically for the brain and liver, including: signal intensity ratio, R2,
,
, phase, susceptibility weighted imaging and quantitative susceptibility mapping (QSM). Although there are numerous approaches to measuring iron, R2 and
are currently preferred methods in imaging the liver and QSM has become the preferred approach for imaging iron in the brain.Level of Evidence: 5Technical Efficacy: Stage 5J. Magn. Reson. Imaging 2018. J. MAGN. RESON. IMAGING 2018;48:301–317.
Prevalence of hepatitis B virus, hepatitis C virus, and human immunodeficiency virus among blood donors of Mekelle blood bank, Northern Ethiopia: A three‐year retrospective study
Authors: Degefa Berhanu , Gebreeyesus Teklehaymanot , Gebremedhin Zufan , Melkamu Getachew , Gebrekidan Atsebaha , Hailekiros Haftamu , Tsegay Ephrem , Niguse Selam , Abdulkader Mahmud 
Published: June 2018

Blood transfusion services are a vital and integral part of modern healthcare services. However, the risk of transfusion transmittable infections (TTI) has been a major handicap. Therefore, this study was aimed at determining the prevalence of hepatitis B virus (HBV), hepatitis C virus (HCV), and human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) among blood donors. A retrospective study was conducted to collect data about the blood donors who consecutively donated blood from October 2011 to 2014. A three‐year retrospective study was conducted in Mekelle Blood Bank. A data abstraction format was used to collect the sociodemographic and clinical data, and the prevalence of HBV, HCV, and HIV was determined. Data were analyzed using STATA version 10 analytical software. P value less than 0.05 was considered significant in all the analyses. A total of 10 728 blood donors, median (interquartile range) of age 30 (23‐45) years and 3750 (34.9%) males were enrolled in this study. Of the participants 407(3.79%), 143(1.33%), and 111(1.03%) blood donors were positive for HBV, HCV, and HIV, respectively. HBV‐HIV coinfections were found 10 (1.93%) blood donors, followed by HBV‐HCV and HIV‐HCV. A significant association between sex and marital status with HBV and HIV infection was found. However, significant association of HCV was observed among sex (
X
2 = 33.18,
P < 0.001) and occupational (
X
2 = 84.33,
P < 0.001). A significant percentage of HBV, HCV, and HIV among blood donors was observed. To select a donor and collect safe blood risk factors exposing blood donor should be studied, and community‐based prevalence studies on TTI are also required.
A filtering impedance transformer with high transforming ratio
Authors: Chen Shiyong , Li Meng , Yu Yantao , Tang Mingchun 
Published: June 2018

AbstractA filtering impedance transformer with high transforming ratio and good suppression out of band is presented in this article. Design parameters of the proposed configuration are analyzed. For verification, a 50 to 500 Ω transformer operating at 3 GHz has been designed, fabricated, and measured. The measured maximum insertion is about 0.87 dB and the measured return loss is better than 18 dB from 2.71 to 3.29 GHz, which are in good agreements with the simulated ones.
Two‐terminal InGaAs microwave amplifier
Authors: Wang Hanbin , Zhang Yifei , Shi Yanpeng , Ling Haotian , Wang Qingpu , Liu Fengqi , Yang Fuhua , Xu Kunyuan , Xin Qian , Song Aimin 
Published: June 2018

AbstractThe feasibility of using a 2‐terminal InGaAs planar Gunn structure as a microwave amplifier is proposed and verified. By achieving a pronounced negative differential resistance with a peak‐to‐valley current ratio of 1.20, our devices are able to amplify microwaves at a high gain of 17 dB. When compared with commonly used 3‐terminal transistor‐based microwave amplifiers, the proposed devices not only have a simple structure but also are capable of achieving high operating frequencies even with relatively large feature sizes. The device with a channel length of 4 μm has a positive gain up to about 77 GHz, and the 2‐μm device is able to amplify microwaves well beyond 110 GHz. Furthermore, the planar Gunn amplifier shows a good linearity over a wide input power range from −45 to about 0 dBm. A good operation stability has also been demonstrated despite having no substrate thinning and heat sink.
Annular CPW‐FED directivity‐variable array antenna loaded with Schottky diodes
Authors: Yang Dae‐Geun , Kim Kyung‐Soo , Kim Dong‐Ju , Jang Eun‐Seok , Kim Che‐Young 
Published: June 2018

AbstractA novel high‐speed directivity‐variable array antenna is designed, fabricated and characterized. The passive LC elements and varactor/PIN diodes used in conventional antennas are replaced with an annular coplanar waveguide (CPW) and Schottky diodes, in order to overcome the problem of out‐of‐band radiation. The proposed antenna consists of 3 dipole antennas on the upper side of the substrate, and a CPW with 4 Schottky diodes on the bottom side of the substrate. The antenna was designed and characterized at 2.45 GHz. Measurement results demonstrate that the proposed antenna exhibits beam steering and mirror‐image pattern pairs capability.
Controllable and wide spurious suppression power divider with a bandpass‐filtering and high isolation
Authors: Kim Phirun , Chaudhary Girdhari , Jeong Yongchae 
Published: June 2018

AbstractThis article presents a bandpass‐filtering power divider with a controllable and wide spurious frequency. The proposed structure consists of four stepped‐impedance resonators (SIR) that are directly coupled to the output ports of the power divider with an electrical length of θ. The spurious frequency can be controlled by changing the ratio of the SIR. Moreover, the isolation resistor provides an effective isolation between the output ports and an effective output return loss over wide stopbands. For the experiment validation, the power dividers with the stepped‐impedance ratios of 0.83 and 1.43 were designed, fabricated, and measured at the center frequency of 2.6 GHz. The measured results are in good agreement with the simulated results.
A simpler reference antenna gain measurement method
Authors: Selvan Krishnasamy T. , Sharma Satish K. , Mishra Ghanshyam , George Roshin Rose 
Published: June 2018

AbstractA simpler reference antenna gain measurement method, involving only 2 antennas—the test antenna and a reference antenna—is considered in this communication. It is shown that using this method, which can facilitate quick measurements, the gain of the test antenna can be measured nearly as accurately as through conventional measurement methods, including the 2‐antenna method. Careful gain measurements are done to this end by performing the Vector Network Analyzer's full 2 port calibration between the antenna under test and transmit end cables. The measured gain values using the proposed method are compared with the established gain measurement methods to prove the methodology. Though this possibility appears to be known to some antenna engineers, a demonstration has not yet been reported to the best of the authors’ knowledge. This communication presents such a demonstration.