bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Developmental stage and level of submersion in water impact the viability of lone star and winter tick eggs
Authors: Alhawsawi Maher Ramadan I , Lewis David A , Frigard Ronja A , Smith Ellen M , Sivakumar Jaishna , Sharma Ajay M , Nantz Adalynn R , Sabile Chloe Elizabeth G , Kennedy Jasmine , Loni Rashi , LeFevre Gabrielle , Vaka Akshita , Leanza Quinn , Kelley Melissa , Stacey Crystal L , Santhosh Richa A , Catlett Nathan , Cady Tabitha L , Rizvi Raaidh S , Wagner Zach , Olafson Pia U , Benoit Joshua B 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
Female ticks deposit large egg clusters that range in size from hundreds to thousands. These egg clusters are restricted to a deposition site as they are stationary, usually under leaf litter and other debris. In some habitats, these sites can be exposed to periodic flooding. When the clusters of tick eggs are disturbed, they may float to the surface or remain underneath organic debris entirely submerged underwater. Here, we examined the viability of egg clusters from winter ticks, Dermacentor albipictus, and lone star ticks, Amblyomma americanum, when partially or fully submerged in water and in relation to the developmental stages of the eggs under lab conditions. In general, egg clusters that were older and partially submerged had a higher viability than fully submerged, younger eggs. Of the two species, A. americanum was more resistant to water exposure. These studies highlight that egg clusters for certain tick species can remain viable when exposed to water for at least two weeks. These results also suggest that distribution by flooding of egg clusters could occur for some species and water submersion will differentially impact tick egg survival based on the specific developmental stage of exposure and species.
UNHCR–state relations: transfer of authority over refugee status determination
Authors: Ozkul Derya , Welfens Natalie 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
In over 50 states, United Nations High Commissioner for Refugees (UNHCR) conducts refugee status determination (RSD) but engages in various ‘capacity building’ initiatives to ultimately transfer or ‘hand over’ authority over RSD to states. In this article, we examine the recently concluded RSD-handover process in Turkey as a case study to analyse the power dynamics between UNHCR and states. Drawing on constructionist theories of international organizations and practice theory, we examine handovers as the interplay between UNHCR promoting RSD norms and practices and states’ interpretation and adaptation of the latter. Based on desk-based research and interviews with UNHCR officials, we outline the RSD-handover in Turkey in three stages and show that both parties engage in ongoing negotiations within an evolving community of practice. Using a multifaceted theorization of authority, we argue that even if formally delegated authority over RSD is transferred, the broader authority and power relations operate in a co-constituted way between the two parties.
Optimization and scaling up of extracellular polysaccharide production by submerged culture of Ganoderma lucidum on starch-containing medium using response surface methodology and laboratory bioreactors of various designs
Authors: Tikhomirova Tatyana S , Taraskevich Maxim R , Lepekhin Yuriy A , Shevelyova Marina P , Nemashkalov Vitaliy A 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
Basidiomycetes, known for their production of bioactive compounds, traditionally use simple sugars for fermentation. However, their ability to degrade complex plant polysaccharides through enzyme secretion presents potential for the use of renewable raw materials. This study focused on the optimization of exopolysaccharide (EPS) production and efficient substrate consumption by Ganoderma lucidum using response surface methodology (RSM). Using an optimized medium containing 15 g⋅l−1 wheat starch, 0.375 g⋅l−1 NH4Cl, and 0.75 g⋅l−1 CaCl2 (C/N ratio of 40), a significant increase in EPS concentration from 121.1 ± 10.2 mg⋅l−1 to 229.0 ± 20.3 mg⋅l−1 and starch degradation degree (SDD) from 9.1% to 57.6% was achieved after 9 d of submerged cultivation. Scale-up experiments were conducted in both column and stirred tank bioreactors, employing submerged and immobilized cultivation modes. Submerged cultivation in the column bioreactor yielded the highest process desirability of 0.56, achieving EPS concentration of 192.5 ± 5.4 mg⋅l−1 and 60.2% SDD within 7 d. These results highlight the potential of the used column bioreactor for efficient and rapid EPS production. Notably, bioreactor experiments revealed local maxima in EPS content at specific time points, suggesting that cell wall degradation, potentially induced by shear stress, may contribute to the release of polysaccharides into the culture broth.
Simultaneous determination of cytosolic aminoacyl-tRNA synthetase activities by LC–MS/MS
Authors: Mendes Marisa I , Wolf Nicole I , Rudinger-Thirion Joëlle , Lenz Dominic , Frugier Magali , Verloo Patrick , Mandel Hanna , Manor Joshua , Kassel Rachel , Corpeleijn Willemijn E , van der Rijt Sanne , Schroor Elsbeth M , van Dooren Silvy J M , Staufner Christian , Salomons Gajja S , Smith Desirée E C 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
In recent years, pathogenic variants in ARS genes, encoding aminoacyl-tRNA synthetases (aaRSs), have been associated with human disease. Patients harbouring pathogenic variants in ARS genes have clinical signs partly unique to certain aaRSs defects, partly overlapping between the different aaRSs defects. Diagnosis relies mostly on genetics and remains challenging, often requiring functional validation of new ARS variants. In this study, we present the development and validation of a method to simultaneously determine aminoacylation activities of all cytosolic aaRSs (encoded by ARS1 genes) in one single cell lysate, improving diagnosis in suspected ARS1 disorders and facilitating functional characterization of ARS1 variants of unknown significance. As proof of concept, we show enzyme activities of five individuals with variants in different ARS1 genes, demonstrating the usability and convenience of the presented method.
Neutralizing the IL-7Rα limits injury in experimental ANCA-associated glomerulonephritis
Authors: Alikhan Maliha A , Kishimoto Kazuya , Wong Limy , Prakongtham Peemapat , Auden Alana , O'Sullivan Kim M , Jaw Juli , Kitching A Richard 
Published: November 2024

ABSTRACT

Background and hypothesis
Increased T-cell interkeukin (IL)-7Rα signalling is associated with a poorer prognosis in anti-neutrophil cytoplasmic antibody (ANCA)-associated vasculitis. These studies examined the functional role of IL-7Rα (CD127) in experimental glomerulonephritis mediated by anti-myeloperoxidase (MPO) T-cell autoimmunity. We hypothesized that T cells would express IL-7Rα in the kidney and that blocking the function of IL-7Rα, without cellular depletion, would be protective.

Methods
Mice were immunized with mouse MPO, then low-dose sheep anti-mouse basement membrane globulin was administered to trigger glomerulonephritis. Flow cytometry and RNA-sequencing characterized intrarenal CD127+-expressing CD4+ and CD8+ T cells in mice with anti-MPO glomerulonephritis. To assess the functional role of IL-7Rα, mice with established anti-MPO autoimmunity were treated with anti-IL-7Rα antibodies.

Results
Control ovalbumin-immunized mice given anti-basement membrane globulin developed minimal injury, while MPO-immunized mice given anti-basement membrane globulin developed albuminuria with glomerular and tubulointerstitial injury. Numbers of intrarenal IL-7Rα+ (CD127+) CD4+ and CD8+ T cells were increased in mice with anti-MPO glomerulonephritis. There were 3738 and 2726 genes differentially expressed between intrarenal CD127−PD-1+ and CD127+PD-1− CD8+ and CD4+ T cells, respectively, with substantially overlapping differentially expressed genes between CD8+ and CD4+ T cells. Both CD127−PD-1+ CD8+ and CD4+ T cells were enriched for previously described T-cell exhaustion signatures associated with prognosis in autoimmune disease. As effector memory T cells drive inflammation, we blocked the IL-7Rα after inducing anti-MPO autoimmunity. Anti-IL-7Rα antibodies limited histological injury, and reduced albuminuria numbers of glomerular and interstitial leucocytes, with reduced intrarenal chemokine and pro-inflammatory cytokine expression.

Conclusions
Intrarenal effector memory and exhausted CD4+ and CD8+ T cells are present in experimental anti-MPO glomerulonephritis. Neutralizing effector T cells via the IL-7Rα after the induction of autoimmunity limits intrarenal inflammation and disease. IL-7Rα may be a therapeutic target in ANCA-associated vasculitis.
Reactions to a Hypothetical Reduced Nicotine Content Cigarette Policy Among Sexual- and Gender-Minoritized Communities: A Concept Mapping Study
Authors: Sawyer-Mays Ashlee N , Combs Madison , Anbil Akansha , Rudy Alyssa K , Lee Joseph G L , Breland Alison , Soule Eric K 
Published: November 2024

Abstract

Background
People who identify as sexual- and/or gender-minoritized (SGM) individuals have a high prevalence of cigarette smoking. This study used concept mapping to examine anticipated reactions to a hypothetical cigarette nicotine reduction policy among SGM individuals in the United States.

Aims and Methods
In 2022, SGM individuals who reported past-month cigarette smoking (mean age = 33.3) were recruited from 44 US states through Craigslist advertisements to complete an online study. Participants brainstormed statements completing the prompt, “If all cigarettes sold in the United States only had half the nicotine in them that they do now, a specific action I would take or a specific reaction I would have is….” Participants sorted statements by theme and rated statements based on how likely each reaction would be for them. Ninety participants completed at least one part of the study (56, 64, and 73 participants completed brainstorming, sorting, and rating, respectively).

Results
Participants generated 100 statements that were organized into seven thematic clusters using multidimensional scaling and hierarchical cluster analysis. The clusters fell into three broad categories: (1) Thoughts and Reactions to the Ban, (2) Positive Preparations and Action Strategies, and (3) Maintaining Substance Use. The highest-rated clusters among participants were Questioning and Wondering (M = 4.63), Negative Reactions (M = 4.38), and Increasing Intake (M = 4.30), while the lowest-rated cluster was Improving Public Health (M = 3.56).

Conclusions
A policy reducing nicotine content in cigarettes may have a positive impact on SGM individuals who smoke. Health communication campaigns highlighting the purpose and goals of the policy may increase receptiveness to a policy.

Implications
People who identify as SGM individuals have a higher prevalence of cigarette smoking compared to those who do not identify as SGM individuals. A policy reducing the nicotine content in cigarettes may promote smoking cessation or prevent cigarette initiation and, thus, may have a greater impact on SGM people who smoke. However, data from the current study indicate that SGM individuals may be suspicious of the intentions of a policy setting a reduced nicotine content cigarette product standard. This study demonstrates that, while a reduced-nicotine content cigarette policy may have positive public health impacts, regulators should consider how the policy will be communicated to the public to increase the acceptability and effectiveness of the policy.
Divergence in vocalizations indicates cryptic speciation in Camptostoma tyrannulets
Authors: Lima Rafael Dantas , Vaz Ruan Vieira 
Published: November 2024

ABSTRACT
The tyrant flycatcher genus Camptostoma currently comprises 2 visually similar species: C. imberbe (Northern Beardless-Tyrannulet), ranging from the southern United States to Costa Rica, and C. obsoletum (Southern Beardless-Tyrannulet), found from Costa Rica to Uruguay. Vocal and genetic differences have suggested that C. obsoletum may include multiple species, but no analysis of acoustic trait variation has been conducted within the genus. We analyzed a geographically comprehensive sample of sound recordings to measure geographic variation in vocalizations across the genus, testing the hypothesis that C. obsoletum includes multiple species. We find that Camptostoma comprises 8 vocally distinct populations, 2 within C. imberbe and 6 within C. obsoletum. These populations exhibit diagnostic differences in multiple different vocalizations, including vocalization types that are typically species-specific in the Tyrannidae. Their range limits and contact zones largely correspond with known dispersal barriers, ecotones, and suture zones, with little evidence of gene flow between adjacent populations. Our results strongly suggest that Camptostoma comprises as many as 8 vocally distinct biological species, underscoring the underestimated diversity of species in birds with conservative plumage evolution.
Leveraging automated technologies for law-making in Italy: Generative AI and constitutional challenges
Authors: Citino Ylenia Maria 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
As GenAI use intensifies, it is necessary to start reflecting on how AI might affect parliamentary work. The paper describes the paradigmatic case of the Italian Chamber of Deputies as one of the first parliaments to implement GenAI technologies in the legislative procedure. The goal of the research is to identify the constitutional challenges and seek remedies to them. The integration of information technology into daily parliamentary activities intersects with the democratic underpinnings of political representation, such as neutrality, transparency, and political legitimacy. At the same time, digitization affects the invisible dimension of parliamentary work, which goes beyond codified rules of procedures and remains confidential. Still, it is crucial for the smooth functioning of parliamentary assemblies. The remainder of this paper is structured into four sections. After a brief explanation of how GenAI works, it describes why parliaments have to be dealt with distinctively and what the current AI practices embraced by the Italian Parliament are. It provides an in-depth insight into the functioning of software used for processing amendments in the legislative procedure. In the end, it assesses the existing practices from a constitutional standpoint.
Tools to understand hypoxia responses in plant tissues
Authors: Panicucci Gabriele , Barreto Pedro , Herzog Max , Lichtenauer Sophie , Schwarzländer Markus , Pedersen Ole , Weits Daan A 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
Our understanding of how low oxygen (O2) conditions arise in plant tissues and how they shape specific responses has seen major advancement in recent years. Important drivers have been (1) the discovery of the molecular machinery that underpins plant O2 sensing; and (2) a growing set of dedicated tools to define experimental conditions and assess plant responses with increasing accuracy and resolution. While some of those tools, such as the Clark-type O2 electrode, were established decades ago, recent customization has set entirely new standards and enabled novel research avenues in plant hypoxia research. Other tools, such as optical hypoxia reporters and O2 biosensor systems, have been introduced more recently. Yet, their adoption into plant hypoxia research has started to generate novel insight into hypoxia physiology at the tissue and cellular levels. The aim of this update is to provide an overview of the currently available and emerging tools for O2 hypoxia measurements in plants, with an emphasis on high-resolution analyses in living plant tissues and cells. Furthermore, it offers directions for future development and deployment of tools to aid progress with the most pressing questions in plant hypoxia research.
Diabetic Foot Ulcer Beyond Wound Closure: Clinical Practice Guideline
Authors: Wendland Deborah M , Altenburger Elizabeth A , Swen Shelley B , Haan Jaimee D 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
A total of 37.3 million Americans have diabetes, and 96 million more have prediabetes. Hyperglycemia, the hallmark of diabetes, increases the risk for diabetes-related complications, including skin breakdown and cardiovascular disease. Many clinical practice guidelines exist, but there are gaps regarding the best approaches to assess physical fitness and mobility in adults with diabetes; incorporate exercise into the care plan; and reload the diabetic foot after ulcer closure has occurred to avoid ulcer reoccurrence. The purpose of this clinical practice guideline was to review and assess previously published guidelines and address gaps within the guidelines specific to the following: best screening tools/tests and interventions to prevent a future reulceration, best screening tools and interventions to assess and address mobility impairments, best tools to measure and interventions to address reduced physical fitness and activity, best approach to reloading the foot after ulceration closure and, finally, whether improvement in physical fitness will positively change quality of life and health care costs. The Guidelines Development Group performed a systematic literature search and review of the literature. A total of 701 studies were identified. Following duplicate removal and exclusion for irrelevance, 125 studies underwent full-text review, and 38 studies were included. Recommendations were developed using a software assistant created specifically for guideline recommendation development. Recommendations resulted for physical fitness and activity inclusion and measurement for adults with diabetes and with or without foot ulceration. Exercise and physical activity should be prescribed according to the physiologic response of an adult with diabetes to exercise and preferences for optimizing long-term quality of life and reduce health care costs. Reloading following diabetic foot ulcer closure should include maximal offloading, especially during the first 3 months; loading should be titrated using a footwear schedule. Further research is necessary in the areas of exercise in the wound healing process and the assessment of methods to reload a newly reepithelialized ulcer to prevent recurrence.
Altered default-mode and frontal-parietal network pattern underlie adaptiveness of emotion regulation flexibility following task-switch training
Authors: Gao Wei , Biswal Bharat , Zhou Xinqi , Xiao Zhibing , Yang Jiemin , Li Yanping , Yuan JiaJin 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
Emotion regulation flexibility (ERF) refers to one’s ability to respond flexibly in complex environments. Adaptiveness of ERF has been associated with cognitive flexibility, which can be improved by task-switching training. However, the impact of task-switching training on ERF and its underlying neural mechanisms remain unclear. To address this issue, we examined the effects of training on individuals’ adaptiveness of ERF by assessing altered brain network patterns. Two groups of participants completed behavioral experiments and resting-state fMRI before and after training. Behavioral results showed higher adaptiveness scores and network analysis observed a higher number of connectivity edges, in the training group compared to the control group. Moreover, we found decreased connectivity strength within the default mode network (DMN) and increased connectivity strength within the frontoparietal network (FPN) in the training group. Furthermore, the task-switch training also led to decreased DMN–FPN interconnectivity, which was significantly correlated to increased adaptiveness of ERF scores. These findings suggest that the adaptiveness of ERF can be supported by altered patterns with the brain network through task-switch training, especially the increased network segregation between the DMN and FPN.
Mission cocreation or domination? Explorative and exploitative forces in shaping the Dutch circular agriculture mission
Authors: Klerkx Laurens , Begemann Stephanie , Janssen Matthijs 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
One largely neglected focus in the analysis of mission-oriented innovation policies is mission cocreation between stakeholder groups advocating different solution directions. In this paper, we introduce the innovation management concept of ambidexterity to study how mission cocreation in different mission arenas is influenced by actors aiming to continue existing innovation pathways (exploitative innovation) and actors advocating alternative pathways (explorative innovation). Our case study on the Dutch circular agriculture mission highlights how an initial top-down strategy development was dominated by exploitative forces, despite ambitions to secure broad stakeholder participation. Government-led efforts to still engage exploration-minded actors, and restore ambidexterity, were hampered by potential contributors feeling excluded from the policy process. These findings underline the risk that openness of missions, required for broad stakeholder involvement, might also reinforce pre-existing contestation and innovation pathways. Overall, our findings demonstrate a trade-off between maximizing efficiency and speed versus obtaining novel perspectives and wide societal legitimacy.
An International Factorial Vignette-Based Survey of Intubation Decisions in Acute Hypoxemic Respiratory Failure
Authors: Yarnell Christopher J. , Paranthaman Arviy , Reardon Peter , Angriman Federico , Bassi Thiago , Bellani Giacomo , Brochard Laurent , De Grooth Harm Jan , Dragoi Laura , Gaus Syafruddin , Glover Paul , Goligher Ewan C. , Lewis Kimberley , Li Baoli , Kareemi Hashim , Tirupakuzhi Vijayaraghavan Bharath Kumar , Mehta Sangeeta , Mellado-Artigas Ricard , Moore Julie , Morris Idunn , Roman-Sarita Georgiana , Pham Tai , Sereeyotin Jariya , Tomlinson George , Wozniak Hannah , Yoshida Takeshi , Fowler Rob ,   for the Canadian Critical Care Trials Group
Published: November 2024

OBJECTIVES:
Intubation is a common procedure in acute hypoxemic respiratory failure (AHRF), with minimal evidence to guide decision-making. We conducted a survey of when to intubate patients with AHRF to measure the influence of clinical variables on intubation decision-making and quantify variability.

DESIGN:
Factorial vignette-based survey asking “Would you recommend intubation?” Respondents selected an ordinal recommendation from a 5-point scale ranging from “Definite no” to “Definite yes” for up to ten randomly allocated vignettes. We used Bayesian proportional odds modeling, with clustering by individual, country, and region, to calculate mean odds ratios (ORs) with 95% credible intervals (CrIs).

SETTING:
Anonymous web-based survey.

SUBJECTS:
Clinicians involved in the decision to intubate.

INTERVENTIONS:
None.

MEASUREMENTS AND MAIN RESULTS:
Between September 2023 and January 2024, 2,294 respondents entered 17,235 vignette responses in 74 countries (most common: Canada [29%], United States [26%], France [9%], Japan [8%], and Thailand [5%]). Respondents were attending physicians (63%), nurses (13%), trainee physicians (9%), respiratory therapists (9%), and other (6%). Lower oxygen saturation, higher Fio
2, noninvasive ventilation compared with high-flow, tachypnea, neck muscle use, abdominal paradox, drowsiness, and inability to obey were associated with increased odds of intubation; diagnosis, vasopressors, and duration of symptoms were not. Nurses were less likely than physicians to recommend intubation. Within a country, the odds of recommending intubation changed between clinicians by an average factor of 2.60; within a region, the same odds changed between countries by 1.56. Respondents from Canada (OR, 0.53; CrI, 0.40–0.70) and the United States (OR, 0.63; CrI, 0.48–0.84) were less likely to recommend intubation than respondents from most other countries.

CONCLUSIONS:
In this international, multiprofessional survey of 2294 clinicians, intubation for patients with AHRF was mostly decided based on oxygenation, breathing pattern, and consciousness, but there was important variation across individuals and countries.