bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Hemostatic characteristics of thawed, pooled cryoprecipitate stored for 35 days at refrigerated and room temperatures
Authors: Fenderson Joshua L. , Meledeo M. Adam , Rendo Matthew J. , Peltier Grantham C. , McIntosh Colby S. , Davis Kenneth W. , Corley Jason B. , Cap Andrew P. 
Published: April 2019

BACKGROUNDCryoprecipitate's shelf life is limited due to concerns over decreased clotting factor activity and contamination with extended storage. Hemostatic characteristics of thawed cryoprecipitate stored up to 35 days at refrigerated and room temperatures were assessed.STUDY DESIGN AND METHODSPooled cryoprecipitate was thawed and aliquoted for storage at 1–6°C or 21–24°C. Samples were tested immediately after thawing and at 4 h, 24 h, 72 h, and weekly for 35 days. At each time point fibrinogen, factor VIII (FVIII), and von Willebrand factor (vWF) were assessed. Thrombin generation and rotational thromboelastometry (ROTEM) were also performed. Further, packed red cells, platelet concentrates, frozen plasma, and stored cryoprecipitate were combined (1:1:1:1) to simulate massive transfusion and analyzed by ROTEM. Day 35 samples were cultured for bacterial contamination.RESULTSPrecipitation was observed in refrigerated samples; however, these aggregates were easily resuspended upon warming in a 37°C water bath. No significant changes were observed in fibrinogen concentration or ROTEM at either temperature. FVIII and vWF declined significantly during storage. vWF, clot time, and thrombin generation were significantly better preserved with refrigeration. With simulated massive transfusion, fibrinogen function remained at or above the established range for whole blood at both storage temperatures. Bacterial contamination was not observed in cold stored or room temperature cryoprecipitate.CONCLUSIONThe fibrinogen concentration and function of cryoprecipitate at extended storage durations are adequate for fibrinogen replacement in critical bleeding. These results support extension of the shelf life of cryoprecipitate when used for fibrinogen replacement.
How do I get an emergency civilian walking blood bank running?
Authors: Kaada Silje Helland , Apelseth Torunn Oveland , Hagen Kristin Gjerde , Kristoffersen Einar Klæboe , Gjerde Stig , Sønstabø Kristian , Halvorsen Henrik , Hervig Tor , Sunde Geir Arne , Dahle Geir Olav , Johnsen Mari Christine , Strandenes Geir 
Published: April 2019

The shift toward using a transfusion strategy in a ratio to mimic whole blood (WB) functionality has revitalized WB as a viable option to replace severe blood loss in civilian health care. A military‐civilian collaboration has contributed to the reintroduction of WB at Haukeland University Hospital in Bergen, Norway. WB has logistical and hemostatic advantages in both the pre‐ and in‐hospital settings where the goal is a perfectly timed balanced transfusion strategy. In this paper, we describe an event leading to activation of our emergency WB collection strategy for the first time. We evaluate the feasibility of our civilian walking blood bank (WBB) to cover the need of a massive amount of blood in an emergency situation. The challenges are discussed in relation to the different stages of the event with the recommendations for improvement in practice.We conclude that the use of pre‐screened donors as a WBB in a civilian setting is feasible. The WBB can provide platelet containing blood components for balanced blood resuscitation in a clinically relevant time frame.
Five years of prolonged field care: prehospital challenges during recent French military operations
Authors: Travers Stéphane , Carfantan Cyril , Luft Antoine , Aigle Luc , Pasquier Pierre , Martinaud Christophe , Renard Aurelien , Dubourg Olivier , Derkenne Clement , Kedzierewicz Romain , Franchin Marilyn , Bay Christian , Cap Andrew P. , Ausset Sylvain 
Published: April 2019

BACKGROUNDFrench military operations in the Sahel conducted since 2013 over more than 5 million square kilometers have challenged the French Military Health Service with specific problems in prolonged field care.STUDY DESIGN AND METHODSTo describe these challenges, we retrospectively analyzed the prehospital data from the first 5 years of these operations within a delimited area.RESULTSOne hundred eighty‐three servicemen of different nationalities were evacuated, mainly as a result of explosions (73.2%) or gunshots (21.9%). Their mean number evacuation was 2.2 (minimum, 1; maximum, 8) per medical evacuation with a direct evacuation from the field to a Role 2 medical treatment facility (MTF) for 62% of them. For the highest‐priority casualties (N = 46), the median time [interquartile range] from injury to a Role 2 MTF was 130 minutes [70 minutes to 252 minutes], exceeding 120 minutes in 57% of cases and 240 minutes in 26%.The most frequent out‐of‐hospital medical interventions were external hemostasis, airway and hemopneumothorax management, hypotensive resuscitation, analgesia, immobilization, and antibiotic administration. Prehospital transfusion (RBCs and/or lyophilized plasma) was started three times in the field, two times during helicopter medical evacuation, and five times in tactical fixed wing medical aircraft. Lyophilized plasma was confirmed to be particularly suitable in these settings. One of the specific issues involved in lengthy prehospital time was the importance to reassess and convert tourniquets prior to Role 2 MTF admission.CONCLUSIONMain challenges identified include reducing evacuation times as much as possible, preserving ground deployment of sufficiently trained medics and medical teams, optimization of transfusion strategies, and strengthening specific prolonged field care equipment and training.
Give the trauma patient what they bleed, when and where they need it: establishing a comprehensive regional system of resuscitation based on patient need utilizing cold‐stored, low‐titer O+ whole blood
Authors: Zhu Caroline S. , Pokorny Douglas M. , Eastridge Brian J. , Nicholson Susannah E. , Epley Eric , Forcum Jason , Long Tasia , Miramontes David , Schaefer Randall , Shiels Michael , Stewart Ronald M. , Stringfellow Michael , Summers Rena , Winckler Christopher J. , Jenkins Donald H. 
Published: April 2019

BACKGROUNDDespite countless advancements in trauma care a survivability gap still exists in the prehospital setting. Military studies clearly identify hemorrhage as the leading cause of potentially survivable prehospital death. Shifting resuscitation from the hospital to the point of injury has shown great promise in decreasing mortality among the severely injured.MATERIALS AND METHODSOur regional trauma network (Southwest Texas Regional Advisory Council) developed and implemented a multiphased approach toward facilitating remote damage control resuscitation. This approach required placing low‐titer O+ whole blood (LTO+ WB) at helicopter emergency medical service bases, transitioning hospital‐based trauma resuscitation from component therapy to the use of whole blood, modifying select ground‐based units to carry and administer whole blood at the scene of an accident, and altering the practices of our blood bank to support our new initiative. In addition, we had to provide information and training to an entire large urban emergency medical system regarding changes in policy.RESULTSThrough a thorough, structured program we were able to successfully implement point‐of‐injury resuscitation with LTO+ WB. Preliminary evaluation of our first 25 patients has shown a marked decrease in mortality compared to our historic rate using component therapy or crystalloid solutions. Additionally, we have had zero transfusion reactions or seroconversions.CONCLUSIONTransfusion at the scene within minutes of injury has the potential to save lives. As our utilization expands to our outlying network we expect to see a continued decrease in mortality among significantly injured trauma patients.
Red blood cell alloantibodies are associated with increased alloimmunization against human leukocyte antigens
Authors: Belizaire Roger , Mack Johnathan , Kadauke Stephan , Kim Yeowon , Saidman Susan , Makar Robert S. 
Published: April 2019

BACKGROUNDAlloantibodies recognizing human leukocyte antigens (HLA) can cause immune‐mediated refractoriness to platelet transfusion. An association between HLA alloimmunization and red blood cell (RBC) alloimmunization has been suggested but remains uncertain.STUDY DESIGN AND METHODSWe tested for HLA alloantibodies in 660 patients with and without RBC alloantibodies. Calculated panel reactive antibody (cPRA) values were determined for HLA alloimmunized patients. Current and historical diagnoses and blood product exposure were catalogued. Variables associated with high‐level HLA alloimmunization (cPRA ≥ 90%) were evaluated.RESULTSThe cohort included 366 women and 294 men with median age of 66 years (interquartile range [IQR], 53‐76). The number of patients with and without RBC alloantibodies was 447 and 213, respectively. Among patients with and without RBC alloantibodies, 20.6% and 8.5% had a cPRA ≥ 90%, respectively (p < 0.0001). In univariate analyses of men and nulliparous women and previously pregnant women, the median number of RBC alloantibodies was significantly higher in patients with a cPRA ≥ 90% (p < 0.0001). The number of RBC alloantibodies remained an independent predictor of a cPRA ≥ 90% in multivariate analysis (odds ratio [OR] 1.50, 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.22‐1.85). Other independent predictors of a cPRA ≥ 90% were parity (OR 1.26, 95% CI 1.08‐1.47), age (OR 0.98, 95% CI 0.97‐1.00), history of renal disease (OR 1.88, 95% CI 1.02‐3.48), and number of non‐leukoreduced products transfused (OR 1.02, 95% CI 1.00‐1.04).CONCLUSIONSRBC alloimmunization was significantly associated with HLA alloimmunization with a cPRA ≥ 90%. RBC alloimmunization status combined with specific components of the clinical history may estimate the risk of high‐level HLA alloimmunization.
Forecasting exchange rates with commodity prices—a global country analysis
Authors: Baumgärtner Martin , Klose Jens 
Published: April 2019

AbstractThis paper investigates the predictive properties of import and export prices of commodities on the exchange rates. A period from 1993 to 2016 is considered. We find that forecasts of the exchange rate adding commodity export and import prices are superior to those neglecting these variables. This holds irrespective of whether the countries are net exporters or importers of commodities. However, the forecasting power was even better in the 1990s and seems to have decreased since that that time. Nevertheless, forecasts can even today be improved considerably by adding commodity prices.
Ultraconserved elements put the final nail in the coffin of traditional use of the genus Meliphaga (Aves: Meliphagidae)
Authors: McCullough Jenna M. , Joseph Leo , Moyle Robert G. , Andersen Michael J. 
Published: April 2019

AbstractMolecular systematics is bringing taxonomy into the 21st Century by updating our nomenclature to reflect phylogenetic relationships of taxa. This transformation is evidenced by massive changes in avian taxonomy, ranging from ordinal to subspecies changes. In this study, we employ target capture of ultraconserved elements to resolve genus‐level systematics of a problematic group of honeyeaters (Aves: Meliphagidae). With near complete species‐level taxon sampling of the Australo‐Papuan species within the traditionally recognized Meliphaga and Oreornis, we investigate generic limits using a genomic dataset. Likelihood and species tree methods confirm two clades within this group and found the New Guinea endemic Oreornis chrysogenys embedded within one of these clades. Our study supports earlier recommendations that Meliphaga Lewin, 1808 should be restricted to three species, M. aruensis, M. lewinii and M. notata. We make a case for recognizing three genera in the remaining species, Oreornis van Oort, 1910, Microptilotis Mathews, 1912 and Territornis Mathews, 1924.
Ternary Alkali Carbonates Effect on Electrochemical Characterization of Nanocomposite Calcium-Doped Ceria Electrolytes (LNK-CDC) for SOFC
Authors: Rehman Zohaib Ur , Abbas Ghazanfar , Ashfaq Ahmad M. , Raza Rizwan , Ajmal Khan M. , Batool Rida , Altaf Faizah , Gill Rohama , Hussain Fida 
Published: April 2019

Abstract
The entire world is facing a great shortfall in the energy supply due to the high consumption rate of fossil fuel-based energy resources. Solid oxide fuel cells (SOFCs) are the best alternative energy devices, which convert hydrogen fuel directly into electricity. Alkali carbonated calcium-doped ceria electrolytes (LNK-CDC) as (Ce0.8 Ca0.2), (Ce0.7 Ca0.3), and (Ce0.6 Ca0.4) were synthesized by the co-precipitation method. With the addition of alkali carbonate, nanocomposites of ceria are well preserved after sintering at 600–700 °C. The structural and morphological properties were examined by X-ray diffraction (XRD) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM), respectively. Crystallite sizes were found in the range of 50–80 nm. The maximum ionic conductivity of LNK-CDC (Ce0.8Ca0.2) was achieved to be 0.14 S/cm at 650 °C for anion vacancy migration by the dense microstructure. The minimum activation energy was determined to be 0.23 eV. The Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) spectra of the prepared materials show the absorbance of IR and their behavior. The maximum power density of symmetric fuel cells LNK-CDC sandwiched with LNCZ oxide electrodes was recorded as 0.52 W cm−2 at 650 °C in the presence of hydrogen (fuel). It is suggested that coating of the equal molar ratio of ternary alkali metals on ceria doped comparatively enhance the performance of new nanocomposite electrolyte for SOFC and other energy applications.
Tuning the Photocatalytic Performance of Tungsten Oxide by Incorporating Cu3V2O8 Nanoparticles for H2 Evolution Under Visible Light Irradiation
Authors: Tahir M. B. , Iqbal T. , Zeba I. , Hasan A. , Muhammad Shabbir , Siddeeg Saifeldin M. , Shahzad Khurram 
Published: April 2019

Abstract
The green energy production through water splitting under visible light irradiation has become an emerging challenge in the 21st century. Photocatalysis, being a cost-competitive and efficient technique, has grabbed much more attention for environmental applications, especially for hydrogen evolution. In this article, the hybrid Cu3V2O8-WO3 nanostructures were prepared through the hydrothermal method by using copper acetate, ammonium metavanadate, and Na2WO4 · 2H2O as precursors. The varying contents of Cu3V2O8 in WO3 were 0.2%, 0.5%, 1.0%, 2.0%, and 3.0%. The X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), Brunauer–Emmett–Teller (BET), UV-Vis, and photoluminescence (PL) emission spectroscopy were used to investigate the structural, morphological, surface area, and optical properties of prepared samples. The average crystalline size of the pure WO3 ranges from 10 to 15 nm and 70 to 195 nm for an optimal composite sample. The structural phase of the hybrid WO3-Cu3V2O8 nanoparticles was found to transfer from monoclinic to hexagonal by incorporating the Cu3V2O8 contents. The enhanced photocatalytic performance for hydrogen evolution was observed for 2% Cu3V2O8-WO3 composite sample. The key to this enhancement lies at the heterojunction interface, where charge separation occurs. In addition, the excellent photocatalytic activity was attributed to a higher surface area, efficient charge separation, and extended visible light absorption. This work provides an in-depth understanding of efficient separation of charge carriers and transfer processes and steer charge flow for efficient solar-to-chemical energy applications.
Psycho-oncology care in breast cancer centres: a nationwide survey
Authors: Ernstmann Nicole , Enders Anna , Halbach Sarah , Nakata Hannah , Kehrer Christina , Pfaff Holger , Geiser Franziska 
Published: April 2019

ObjectiveTo describe psycho-oncological care structures and processes in German breast cancer centres from the perspective of the centre administration.MethodsThe findings are based on a postal survey of a representative random sample of surgical sites of certified breast cancer centres in Germany. Data were collected in 2013 and 2014. The questionnaire included questions about infrastructure, patient information standards, psycho-oncological services and aspects of organisational culture. Data analyses included frequencies, means and bivariate relationships.ResultsThe return rate was 88.3% (53 hospital sites). Psycho-oncological care is provided by permanent employees in 87%. The average number of full-time-equivalent employees (FTE) is 1.23. Most breast cancer centres engage the occupational group of psycho-oncologists for psycho-oncological care (90%), followed by the medical service (80%) and breast care nurses (78%) (multiple answers were possible). The correlation coefficient between FTEs and surgical treatments per year is not significant (r=0.292, p=0.051). Hospitals are screening every inpatient for the need of psycho-oncological support in 76% of all sites. Frequently used screening instruments are distress thermometer (19%), clinical interview (13%) and basic psycho-oncological documentation (11%).ConclusionOur data provide insights into the self-reported structural and procedural quality of psycho-oncological care in German breast cancer centres. Further research should examine patient and caregiver perspective on the psycho-oncological services provided by breast cancer centres.
Personalised surveillance for serrated polyposis syndrome: results from a prospective 5-year international cohort study
Authors: Bleijenberg Arne GC , IJspeert Joep EG , van Herwaarden Yasmijn J , Carballal Sabela , Pellisé María , Jung Gerhard , Bisseling Tanya M , Nagetaal Iris D , van Leerdam Monique E , van Lelyveld Niels , Bessa Xavier , Rodríguez-Moranta Francisco , Bastiaansen Barbara , de Klaver Willemijn , Rivero Liseth , Spaander Manon CW , Koornstra Jan Jacob , Bujanda Luis , Balaguer Francesc , Dekker Evelien 
Published: April 2019

Background and aimsSerrated polyposis syndrome (SPS) is associated with an increased risk of colorectal cancer (CRC). International guidelines recommend surveillance intervals of 1–2 years. However, yearly surveillance likely leads to overtreatment for many. We prospectively assessed a surveillance protocol aiming to safely reduce the burden of colonoscopies.MethodsBetween 2013 and 2018, we enrolled SPS patients from nine Dutch and Spanish hospitals. Patients were surveilled using a protocol appointing either a 1-year or 2-year interval after each surveillance colonoscopy, based on polyp burden. Primary endpoint was the 5-year cumulative incidence of CRC and advanced neoplasia (AN) during surveillance.ResultsWe followed 271 SPS patients for a median of 3.6 years. During surveillance, two patients developed CRC (cumulative 5-year incidence 1.3%[95% CI 0% to 3.2%]). The 5-year AN incidence was 44% (95% CI 37% to 52%), and was lower for patients with SPS type III (26%) than for patients diagnosed with type I (53%) or type I and III (59%, p<0.001). Most patients were recommended a 2-year interval, and those recommended a 2-year interval were not at increased risk of AN: AN incidence after a 2-year recommendation was 15.6% compared with 24.4% after a 1-year recommendation (OR 0.57, p=0.08).ConclusionRisk stratification substantially reduced colonoscopy burden while achieving CRC incidence similar to previous studies. AN incidence is considerable in SPS patients, but extension of surveillance intervals was not associated with increased AN in those identified as low-risk by the protocol. We identified SPS type III patients as low-risk group that might benefit from even less frequent surveillance.Trial registration numberThe study was registered on http://www.trialregister.nl; trial-ID NTR4609.
Resectable lung lesions malignancy assessment and cancer detection by ultra-deep sequencing of targeted gene mutations in plasma cell-free DNA
Authors: Peng Muyun , Xie Yuancai , Li Xiaohua , Qian Youhui , Tu Xiaonian , Yao Xumei , Cheng Fangsheng , Xu Feiyue , Kong Deju , He Bing , Liu Chaoyu , Cao Fengjun , Yang Haoxian , Yu Fenglei , Xu Chuanbo , Tian Geng 
Published: April 2019

BackgroundEarly detection of lung cancer to allow curative treatment remains challenging. Cell-free circulating tumour (ct) DNA (ctDNA) analysis may aid in malignancy assessment and early cancer diagnosis of lung nodules found in screening imagery.MethodsThe multicentre clinical study enrolled 192 patients with operable occupying lung diseases. Plasma ctDNA, white cell count genomic DNA (gDNA) and tumour tissue gDNA of each patient were analysed by ultra-deep sequencing to an average of 35 000× of the coding regions of 65 lung cancer-related genes.ResultsThe cohort consists of a quarter of benign lung diseases and three quarters of cancer patients with all histopathology subtypes. 64% of the cancer patients are at stage I. Gene mutations detection in tissue gDNA and plasma ctDNA results in a sensitivity of 91% and specificity of 88%. When ctDNA assay was used as the test, the sensitivity was 69% and specificity 96%. As for the lung cancer patients, the assay detected 63%, 83%, 94% and 100%, for stages I, II, III and IV, respectively. In a linear discriminant analysis, combination of ctDNA, patient age and a panel of serum biomarkers boosted the overall sensitivity to 80% at a specificity of 99%. 29 out of the 65 genes harboured mutations in the patients with lung cancer with the largest number found in TP53 (30% plasma and 62% tumour tissue samples) and EGFR (20% and 40%, respectively).ConclusionPlasma ctDNA was analysed in lung nodule assessment and early cancer detection, while an algorithm combining clinical information enhanced the test performance.Trial registration numberNCT03081741.
Searching for novel cerebrospinal fluid biomarkers of tau pathology in frontotemporal dementia: an elusive quest
Authors: Foiani Martha S , Cicognola Claudia , Ermann Natalia , Woollacott Ione O C , Heller Carolin , Heslegrave Amanda J , Keshavan Ashvini , Paterson Ross W , Ye Keqiang , Kornhuber Johannes , Fox Nick C , Schott Jonathan M , Warren Jason D , Lewczuk Piotr , Zetterberg Henrik , Blennow Kaj , Höglund Kina , Rohrer Jonathan D 
Published: April 2019

BackgroundFrontotemporal dementia (FTD) is a pathologically heterogeneous neurodegenerative disorder associated usually with tau or TDP-43 pathology, although some phenotypes such as logopenic variant primary progressive aphasia are more commonly associated with Alzheimer’s disease pathology. Currently, there are no biomarkers able to diagnose the underlying pathology during life. In this study, we aimed to investigate the potential of novel tau species within cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) as biomarkers for tau pathology in FTD.Methods86 participants were included: 66 with a clinical diagnosis within the FTD spectrum and 20 healthy controls. Immunoassays targeting tau fragments N-123, N-mid-region, N-224 and X-368, as well as a non-phosphorylated form of tau were measured in CSF, along with total-tau (T-tau) and phospho-tau (P-tau(181)). Patients with FTD were grouped based on their Aβ42level into those likely to have underlying Alzheimer’s disease (AD) pathology (n=21) and those with likely frontotemporal lobar degeneration (FTLD) pathology (n=45). The FTLD group was then subgrouped based on their underlying clinical and genetic diagnoses into those with likely tau (n=7) or TDP-43 (n=18) pathology.ResultsSignificantly higher concentrations of tau N-mid-region, tau N-224 and non-phosphorylated tau were seen in both the AD group and FTLD group compared with controls. However, none of the novel tau species showed a significant difference between the AD and FTLD groups, nor between the TDP-43 and tau pathology groups. In a subanalysis, normalising for total-tau, none of the novel tau species provided a higher sensitivity and specificity to distinguish between tau and TDP-43 pathology than P-tau(181)/T-tau, which itself only had a sensitivity of 61.1% and specificity of 85.7% with a cut-off of <0.109.ConclusionsDespite investigating multiple novel CSF tau fragments, none show promise as an FTD biomarker and so the quest for in vivo markers of FTLD-tau pathology continues.