bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
GENETIC AND INFECTIOUS MARKERS OF INFERTILITY
Authors: Levkova E. A. , Savin S. Z. , Emelyanova E. B. , Smirenina I. V. 
Published: September 2018

The report presents the results of own research of the most important factors in the genesis of various forms of sterility. A married couples (n = 50) was examined with regard to possible etiological structure of these forms of pathology — infections of the family herpes (Herpes simplex types 1, 2, Cytomegalovirus hominis (CMV), Epstein–Barr virus (EBV) and genetic distribution for the second class of histocompatibilit (HLA II class): HLA-DRB1, HLA- DQA1 и HLA-DQB1. The authors present own data on genetic typing of the couples for the second class of histocompatibility, which allow to correlate these data with clinical and laboratory associations with infectious agents (infections of the herpes family). The genetic characteristics that determine the reproductive ability of the couple are associated with susceptibility to certain infectious markers. It is shown that the dominant majority of couples determined the HLA- DRB1 gene, which is more frequently associated with infections of the herpes family. Despite the fact that the level of positive PCR results in the group of couples with primary infertility was higher than in couples with secondary sterility (100 and 92%, respectively), maximum titers of specific antibodies to infections of the herpes family, including the frequency of markers of exacerbation, definition of IgM was higher than in the group of couples with primary infertility, and significantly higher than in couples with normal fertility. So, this antigen histocompatibility (HLA-DRB1) is associated with significant frequency of sterility, especially the secondary one, and infectious contamination infections of the family of herpes — HSV 1, 2 types, CMV, EBV in the study group — couples with secondary infertility. Marker HLA-DRB1, the most frequent in coup les with infertility, including idiopathic, associated in this group not only with significant contamination of infectious of the herpes family, but the presence of a chronic infectious process at the stage of reactivation. Conducted clinical and immunological studies clearly demonstrate the need for a comprehensive survey of women with disabilities in the system of immunogenesis with the mandatory assessment of the level of infectious (viral) contamination. Analysis of the results of their clinical and immunological studies allows us to propose an algorithm of complex examination in functional disorders in the system of immunogenesis, including the study of viral load as a necessary component.
ANALYSIS OF DIFFERENTIAL ExPRESSION OF MATRIx METALLOPROTEASES IN STABLE AND UNSTABLE ATHEROSCLEROTIC LESIONS BY A METHOD OF FULL GENOME SEQUENCING OF RNA: PILOT STUDY
Authors: Ivanoschuk D. Е. , Ragino Yu. I. , Shakhtshneider E. V. , Mikhailova S. V. , Fishman V. S. , Polonskaya Ya. V. , Kashtanova E. V. , Chernyavsky A. M. , Murashov I. S. , Voevoda М. I. 
Published: September 2018

Aim. To analyze differential expression of metalloproteases genes, involved into the processes of stabilization/destabilization of atherosclerotic plaque, with the method of full genome sequencing of RNA, and to evaluate the level of metalloproteases in homogenates of plaques of various types by immune enzyme assay method (IEA).Material and methods. The study has been conducted on the specimens of atherosclerotic plaques of patients aged 45-65 y.o., inhabitants of Western Siberia with angiographically proven coronary atherosclerosis and no acute coronary syndrome, with stable angina II-IV functional class. Specimens collection from the plaques was done during an operation if there were intraoperational indications. Histology performed. In intima/media homogenates by IEA method, with BCM Diagnostics assays the levels of destructive markers were measured: MMP-1, MMP3, MMP-7, MMP-9, TIMP-1 on the Multiscan EX (Thermo Fisher Scientific, USA). Libraries preparation for full genomic sequencing of RNA was done with Illumina’s TruSeq RNA Sample Preparation Kit (Illumina, USA). Expression profile in tissues was done on HiSeq 1500 (Illumina, USA).Results. There are differences in expression of the genes MMP2, MMP7, MMP8, MMP9, MMP12, и MMP14 in different types of plaques. There was 8 times higher significant raise in increase of the expression level of ММР9 (p<0,001) in unstable plaque of dystrophic-necrotic type. Study by IEA of MMP-7 content, which is an activator of pro-MMP-9, as well as the content of MMP-9 itself, showed their increased levels in unstable plaques comparing to fatty streaks (1,5 and 2,4 times) and young stable plaques (1,4 and 2,1 times).Conclusion. For the gene ММР9 there were significant differences obtained, of expression levels in stable atherosclerotic fibrous plaque and unstable plaque of dystrophic-necrotic type. With the IEA it was found that fatty streaks and young stable atheromas of coronary arteries have an increased concentration of MMP-3 and decreased activity of tissue inhibitor of metalloproteases. In unstable plaques with the tendency to rupture/ulceration there are increased levels of MMP-1, MMP-7, MMP-9.
Anterior Cruciate ligament injuries of the knee:
Authors: Strauss G Linde 
Published: September 2018

Abstract
Background and problem statement
Anterior cruciate ligament injuries are common among athletes and the general public. These injuries may lead to significant absence from activity with an associated financial and social burden. No definitive association has been described between mechanism of injury and pathology to enable us to put preventative measures in place in order to limit these injuries.
Aim
To determine whether there is an association between the mechanism of injury and the pathology seen on a magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) scan in anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) injuries.
Methods
This was a cross-sectional analytical study. Eighty seven male patients with an ACL injury, who had an MRI scan of the knee within the last two years participated in this study. Participants were contacted to give consent that their information be used in this study. The mechanism of injury and the pathology seen on the MRI scan was noted and categorised into different mechanism of injury groups and associated pathology groups. Statistical analyses included summaries of the data and a test for association between mechanism of injury and pathology. Since there were multiple pathology responses to each mechanism, a modified version of the chi-square test for independence was used. A 5% level of significance was specified.
Results
MRI scans of ACL injuries indicated that the mechanism of a solid foot plant with rotation of the knee has a greater tendency to be associated with medial meniscal injuries (77%), and also a 54% possibility to be associated with lateral meniscal injuries. A solid foot plant with a valgus stress on the knee showed a higher incidence of associated medial collateral ligaments (MCL) injuries (41%) and femoral bone bruising (62 %). These two mechanisms of injury are the most common in ACL injuries and contribute to the clinical significance found in this study. The p-value was however not statistically significant (p=0.44, chi-square value=20.27, df=45) for any association between pathology and mechanism of injury.
Conclusion
Some injury mechanisms causing ACL injury were more common than others and also had more associated pathology. The most common mechanism of injury noted is a solid foot plant with either rotation of the knee or valgus stress on the knee. Strengthening tissue structures involved in those movement patterns that cause these mechanisms can possibly limit ACL injuries in athletes and the general public.
Key words
Anterior cruciate ligament injury, mechanism, association, pathology, MRI scan, prevention.
Main legal risks in provision of commercial medical services by state medical institution
Authors: Pesennikova E. V. , Gridnev O. V. , Korostelev S. A. 
Published: September 2018

Based on the analyses of normative-legislative documents related to medical activities in RF published between 1990 and 2017 the classification of medical facility legal risks has been formed. The usage of the classification enables building systematic approach for legal protection.The right for health protection is ensured also by providing paid medical services according to the Federal Act on Public Health Care. It doesn’t follow from Russian legislation that this right could be exercised only in private medical institutions, which makes public medical institutions legitimate participants of the process. However, in accordance with the Government Resolution No. 1006, there is range of restrictions for public medical institutions in case they provide paid medical services. For instance, they must justify charging by informing consumers about their rights guaranteed by the State guarantees program.The analysis of normative-legislative documents that ensure regulation of public medical services caused the classification of legal risks. The violation of the Consumer Protection Act and of the Civil Code (contractual risks) appeared to become the most common ones.There is no clear notion of “medical error”. That’s why it is almost impossible to make a distinction between patient irresponsibility, staﬀ negligence or low doctor’s professionalism. This is the reason for patients’ rights as well as medical personnel responsibility to be regulated by the state.The analysis that is been made shows that risks and sanctions in the provision of Paid Medical Services by State institutions occur in cases of misconduct while providing Paid Medical Services. The most typical cases of misconduct while providing Paid Medical Services come when: medical services could be provided under the State guarantees program; failure to provide medical care occurs; violation of medical and contractual documents in the provision of Paid Medical Services takes place; violation of patient’s rights to receive complete and reliable information related to medical care takes place.
Three-dimensional conformal radiation therapy for the osteoarthritis of knee joint: the radiobiological background, dose distribution analysis
Authors: Маkаrоvа М. V. , Vаlkov M. Yu. , Tretjakov D. Yu. 
Published: September 2018

Osteoarthritis (OA) is the most frequent rheumatological pathology of the joints. Standard medical treatment does not always allow to stop the pain syndrome. The alternative method of pain treatment causes by OA is orthovoltage X-ray therapy (OVRT). It was used from 1970. The maximum dose by OVRT lies on the skin surface. Based on the modern methods of diagnosis, choosing the appropriate radiation energy, it is possible to reduce the amount of irradiation of the knee joint.The purpose. Is to present the technique of radiation planning in patients with gonarthritis and compare it with OVRT by dosimetry criteria.Materials and methods. Comparison of dose distribution plans of the orthovoltage beam was carried out according to the two-dimensional axial plan in the area of the isocenter for the energy of 200 kV from two tangential fields and a megavoltage energy beam of 6 MeV for a three-dimensional conformal radiation therapy using 3-and 6-fields isocentric irradiation techniques. To describe amounts of radiation were applied to the CTV (clinical target volume) and PTV (planning target volume). To estimate the volume distribution of the dose, bones forming the knee joint were contoured separately. The indent on the PTV was 3 mm.Results. The application of the 6-fields technique allows achieving 95% dose distribution at 93% of the volume, and 90% of the planned dose of 45 SGR covers 97% of the PTV. The average dose on the skin and the neurovascular bundle are of 150 and 240 cGy, respectively. The average radiation dose per course in critical anatomical areas is 280 cGy and 150 cGy. It can be considered that the target coverage for the compared methods is similar as for OVRT, and for 3D conformal radiation therapy plans for dose distribution of the orthogonal beam in the axial plane in comparison with dose distributions for conformal radiation techniques.Conclusion. The technique of three-dimensional conformal radiation therapy of the knee joint in OA with progressive pain syndrome can potentially lead to an increase in the analgesic eﬀect due to greater coverage with a dose of bone elements of the joint, which are a potential source of pain. Three-dimensional conformal radiotherapy megavoltage beam allows reducing the radiation load on the skin in 2.5 times, which can reduce the frequency of delayed adverse eﬀects.
Anatomy of the neurovascular bundle and methods of its preservation with nerve-sparing prostatectomy
Authors: Gevorgyan H. S. , Kostin A. A. , Vorobyev N. V. , Nyushko K. М. , Muradyan A. G. , Taraki I. A. , Samsonov Y. V. 
Published: September 2018

Providing a high quality of life for a man after performing radical prostatectomy for prostate cancer is currently one of the topical problems of urology and andrology. Nervous-protective radical prostatectomy is one of the high-tech operations in urology and the surgeon’s task is not only to remove the tumor of the prostate gland, but also to ensure a high quality of life for the patient. The importance and urgency of this problem is evidenced by the fact that most of the issues that arise in patients in conversation with a surgeon before surgical intervention are devoted to it.The National Institute of Health of the USA shows that the incidence of prostate cancer is about 9.5% per year, and the localized form began to occur in younger men. In this regard, the surgeon faces the task not only to cure the patient of malignant education, but also to maintain the erectile function and the continent’s indicators, thereby improving the quality of life.At the present stage, diagnostic methods make it possible to detect early prostate cancer much more often, so that the identification and treatment of such patients become more accessible and allows the use of this operation. However, for the preservation of the neurovascular bundle, it is mandatory to know the anatomical features of this zone.Over the past few decades, anatomical studies have been conducted that described the neuroanatomy of the prostate and the adjacent tissue. This article summarizes the latest results of studies of neuroanatomical studies, some of which contradict the established consensus on pelvic anatomy.
Los derechos de la víctima del delito en la ley 906 de 2004
Authors: Huertas Díaz Omar , García Moreno Fabián Andrés , Cáceres Tovar Víctor Manuel 
Published: September 2018

El presente artículo analiza los derechos de la víctima del delito a partir del Nuevo Sistema Penal Acusatorio que se implementó en Colombia por medio de la Ley 906 de 2004, examinando, en primer lugar, si dicho sistema jurídico de enjuiciamiento establece claras y eficaces garantías sustanciales y procesales para las víctimas, y segundo, si dichas salvaguardas resultan compatibles con los principios dispuestos en materia de derechos humanos y fundamentales, indagación científica que de manera general corresponde a una investigación de tipo cualitativa y en algunos aspectos específicos a una investigación de tipo cuantitativa, y en la que se logró identificar el visible vacío jurídico que en materia de derechos de las víctimas significó la implementación del sistema jurídico analizado, toda vez que, si bien dicho ordenamiento incluyó múltiples derechos, es latente la limitación de participación y la falta de mecanismos idóneos para materializar dichos amparos, deficiencia que ha sido progresiva más no totalmente subsanada por la jurisprudencia de la Corte Constitucional, en especial por medio de las sentencias C-454 de 2006, C-209 de 2007 y C-516 de 2007 en las que se logró restablecer un marco normativo coherente con los principios establecidos en derechos humanos y garantías fundamentales.
Yıllara Yaygın İnşaat ve Onarım İşlerinin TFRS 15 Müşteri Sözleşmelerinden Hasılat Standardı ve BOBİ FRS Kapsamında İncelenmesi
Authors: Kıllı Mustafa , Işık Yusuf 
Published: September 2018

Yıllara
yaygın inşaat ve onarım işlerinde ortaya çıkan gelir ve maliyetlerin doğru bir
şekilde belirlenmesi ve kar veya zararın doğru hesaplanması büyük önem
taşımaktadır. İnşaat sözleşmeleri kapsamında elde edilen gelir ve maliyetlerin
muhasebeleştirilme esasları 31/12/2005 tarihinden sonra başlayan hesap
dönemlerinde uygulanmak üzere TMS 11 İnşaat Sözleşmeleri standardı ile
düzenlenmekteydi. TMS 11 İnşaat Sözleşmeleri standardı yürürlükten kaldırılmış
ve 01/01/2018 tarihinden itibaren başlayan hesap dönemlerinden itibaren
kullanılmak üzere TFRS 15 Müşteri Sözleşmelerinden Hasılat ve BOBİ FRS
yürürlüğe girmiştir. TFRS 15 Müşteri
Sözleşmelerinden Hasılat standardı,
müşteriyle yapılan bir sözleşmeden doğan hasılatın finansal tablolarda
raporlanmasında uyulacak ilkeleri belirlemektedir. BOBİ FRS’de ise müşterilerle
yapılan sözleşme kapsamında İnşa Sözleşmelerine ilişkin hükümler Hasılat
başlıklı beşinci bölümde düzenlenmektedir. Bu çalışmada, yıllara yaygın inşaat
ve onarım işleri kapsamındaki müşterilerle yapılan inşa sözleşmelerinin TFRS 15
Müşteri Sözleşmelerinden Hasılat standardı,
BOBİ FRS ve ilgili diğer standartlar çerçevesinde incelenmesi ve örnek
bir uygulama çalışması ile alan yazına katkı sağlanması amaçlanmaktadır.
Kewenangan Notaris sebagai Pejabat Lelang Kelas II dalam Memberikan Penyuluhan Hukum atas Akta Risalah Lelang yang dibuatnya
Authors: Haris Muhammad 
Published: September 2018

Notaris memiliki kewenangan untuk memberikan penyuluhan atau penjelasan tentang isi akta risalah lelang kepada para pihak yang ada di dalam risalah lelang tersebut. Risalah lelang adalah berita acara dokumen resmi dari jalannya penjualan dimuka umum atau lelang yang disusun secara teratur dan dipertanggung jawabkan oleh pejabat lelang dan para pihak (penjual dan pembeli) sehingga pelaksanaan lelang yang disebut didalamnya mengikat para pihak. Notaris selaku pejabat Lelang Kelas II juga berwenang menjelaskan fungsi dari risalah lelang yaitu sebagai akta otentik yang memiliki kekuatan pembuktian sempurna. Selain itu Risalah Lelang juga berfungsi sebagai dasar untuk melakukan balik nama/ peralihan/pemindahan hak sesuai benda yang dicantumkan dalam risalah lelang. Dengan diberikannya penjelasan tentang isi akta risalah lelang kepada para pihak lelang tersebut, akan memberikan dampak adanya rasa percaya dari para pihak yang melakukan lelang kepada notaris selaku pejabat lelang kelas II. Dengan tingginya rasa percaya dan aman kepada notaris tersebut diharapkan akan memicu peningkatan frekuensi lelang noneksekusi sukarela dari masyarakat
Recurring Topics in English Language Teachers' Written Teaching Philosophy Statements
Authors: Payant Caroline , Hirano Eliana 
Published: September 2018

The present study analyzed in-service English as an additional language (EAL) teachers’ written teaching philosophy (TP) statements in order to identify the dominant topics that comprise this supporting genre, as well as the use of personal pronouns and possessive adjectives. The sample included 27 in-service EAL teachers’ TPs who were currently teaching, primarily, in the context of higher education and intensive English programs in North American settings. Each sentence was coded for a dominant topic, leading to the creation of 24 categories. To capture the unique characteristics of this genre, we created three success groups (i.e., Most successful, Successful, and Least successful) and compared their contents. Moreover, the first and last five topics for each TP for the three groups were compared, thus, establishing a pattern of opening and closing topics. Finally, we drew on corpus tools to uncover the manipulation of specific lexical features of this genre: the use of personal pronouns and possessive adjectives. The most prominent topics across the three groups included Teaching beliefs, Learning beliefs, Beliefs about learners, and Teacher growth. Differences were identified between the three groups in terms of both topics and organization.
La présente étude a analysé des énoncés écrits de professeurs d’anglais langue additionnelle (ALA) en poste décrivant leur philosophie pédagogique (PP) en vue d’identifier les thèmes dominants qui composent ce genre complémentaire ainsi que l’utilisation de pronoms personnels et d’adjectifs possessifs. L’échantillon portait sur la philosophie pédagogique de 27 professeurs d’ALA en poste présentement actifs, et ce, principalement dans le contexte de l’enseignement supérieur et des programmes d’anglais intensif dans des milieux nord-américains. Chaque phrase a été codifiée en fonction de son thème dominant, ce qui a amené la création de 24 catégories. Afin de saisir les caractéristiques particulières de ce genre, nous avons créé trois catégories de succès (c.-à-d. Succès supérieur, Succès, et Succès inférieur) et en avons comparé les contenus. De plus, les premiers et cinq derniers thèmes des trois groupes portant sur chaque PP ont été comparés, ce qui a permis d’établir un schéma de thèmes d’ouverture et de fermeture. Enfin, nous avons recouru à des outils de corpus textuel pour découvrir la manipulation des caractéristiques linguistiques particulières de ce genre : l’utilisation de pronoms personnels et d’adjectifs possessifs. Les thèmes les plus importants dans les trois groupes étaient les Croyances sur l’enseignement, les Croyances sur l’apprentissage, les Croyances sur les apprenants, et le Perfectionnement professionnel des professeurs. Des différences ont été identifiées entre les trois groupes tant au niveau des thèmes qu’à celui de l’organisation.