bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Radiographic changes in TMJ in relation to serology and disease activity in RA patients
Authors: Youssef Mohamed Mostafa Mahmoud , Dahaba Mushira M. , Farid Mary Medhat , Ali Elsayed Adel Mahmoud 
Published: September 2019

Objectives:This study was undertaken as an attempt to assess radiographic temporomandibular joint (TMJ) changes in relation to rheumatoid factor (RF), anticitrullinated protein (ACCP) antibodies and disease activity score 28 (DAS28) in rheumatoid arthritis (RA) patients to find the best predictor of rheumatoid affection of the TMJ with the ultimate goal of maintaining TMJ function and preventing joint damage.Methods:20 Rheumatoid Arthritis patients as well as 20 volunteers were included in this study. RA group were assessed for RF, ACCP, DAS28. Both groups were assessed by CBCT for TMJ dimensions and radiographic osteoarthritic changes. All data were statistically analyzed.Results:Rheumatoid Arthritis group showed significantly less condylar height and more radiographic osteoarthritic changes than the control group. RF showed no significant correlation with either TMJ measurements or TMJ radiographic osteoarthritic changes. ACCP showed significant inverse correlation with condylar height and anteroposterior (AP) dimensions, but non-significant relation with mediolateral dimension and radiographic osteoarthritic changes. DAS28 showed significant inverse correlation with condylar AP and mediolateral dimensions. It also showed significant correlation with flattening of the TMJ condylar head and flattening of the articular fossa. Patients with high and moderate disease activity showed significantly smaller AP TMJ dimension than patients with low disease activity. Disease activity showed statistically significant direct correlation with all osteoarthritic changes except for erosions of the glenoid fossa and condyle.Conclusion:Disease Activity Score28 score and disease activity are strong indicators of TMJ affection in RA patients when compared to RF and ACCP. ACCP is a better indicator of changes in condylar measurements than TMJ osteoarthritic changes. While RF is the least efficient indicator of TMJ involvement in RA patients.
A.1. Isocrate et la question des mercenaires
Authors: Bouchet Christian 
Published: September 2019

Quand il évoque les mercenaires, Isocrate les traite soit comme des soldats, combattants vaillants, soit comme des stipendiés, contraints par la misère à louer leurs services, soit comme des étrangers (le xenos peut alors signifier le mercenaire), soit enfin comme des vagabonds. Si les jugements qu'il porte sur ces hommes sont parfois très durs, impitoyables, il faut noter aussi — et c'est ce sur quoi j'insiste ici — que le portrait qu'il brosse est beaucoup plus complexe : selon le contexte, les circonstances (kairoi) et le régime politique impliqué, il se fait accusateur ou bien plus humain, prenant en compte les difficultés économiques et familiales de ces individus.
Clinical Guideline Highlights for the Hospitalist: Diagnosis and Management of Clostridium difficile in Adults
Authors: Parsons Andrew S , Burger Alfred , Pahwa Amit K 
Published: September 2019

GUIDELINE TITLE2018 Infectious Disease Society of America (IDSA)/Society for Healthcare Epidemiology of America (SHEA) Clostridium difficile infection (CDI) clinical practice guidelineRELEASE DATEFebruary 15, 2018PRIOR VERSION2010 Infectious Disease Society of America (IDSA)/Society for Healthcare Epidemiology of America (SHEA) Clostridium difficile infection (CDI) clinical practice guidelineDEVELOPERA panel of 14 multidisciplinary expertsFUNDING SOURCEIDSA and SHEATARGET POPULATIONAdult and pediatric patients at risk for or diagnosed with Clostridium difficile infection based on a literature review with a defined search period of 2009–2016. This review will focus on adult patients.
The use of direct resin composite restorations in the management of localized anterior tooth wear: A clinical update part 1
Authors: Hansrani Virat Kumar , Barazanchi Abdullah , Laverty Dominic , Brunton Paul 
Published: September 2019

The aim of this article is to provide the reader with the necessary information to manage localized anterior tooth wear cases successfully using minimally invasive and conservative methods in a general dental practice setting. This article will focus on the use of direct resin composite restorations. It will provide an update on the different techniques available to restore anterior tooth wear using direct resin composite and its method of application. CPD/Clinical Relevance: Numerous epidemiological studies have reported tooth wear to be increasing in incidence amongst the general population. This article aims to describe a methodical conservative approach for the management of worn teeth.
Trigeminal Neuralgia
Authors: Zakrzewska Joanna M 
Published: September 2019

Trigeminal neuralgia is one of the most severe facial pains that patients can experience. This unpredictable, episodic pain, mostly unilateral in the distribution of the trigeminal nerve, results in recurrent shooting pain lasting for seconds to minutes. It is light touch provoked and therefore prevents patients from eating and touching their face, and so has a significant impact on quality of life. Patients often consult a dentist because it usually presents like dental pain. Dentists need to avoid irreversible dental treatment. Response to carbamazepine is good but tolerability is poor. Surgical options are available and are generally successful. Patients can gain further information from a patient support group, such as Trigeminal Neuralgia Association UK. CPD/Clinical Relevance: Although rare, trigeminal neuralgia patients often present to dentists who therefore need to recognize it as a non-dental cause of pain in order to avoid irreversible dental treatment.
SERUM FETUIN-A LEVELS IN PATIENTS WITH RHEUMATOID ARTHRITIS
Authors: Papichev E. V. , Zavodovsky B. V. , Sivordova L. E. , Akhverdyan Yu. R. , Polyakova Yu. V. 
Published: September 2019

Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is the second most common rheumatic disease. In recent decades, there has been an active search for and study of biologically active substances involved in the pathogenesis of RA, which can serve as a starting point in designing new drugs for targeted therapy of this disease. The hepatokine fetuin-A (FA) is one of these substances.Objective: to investigate serum FA levels in patients with RA.Subjects and methods. The investigation enrolled 110 patients with RA. All the patients underwent the following set of studies: general blood test and determination of the serum levels of C-reactive protein (CRP), serum FA, rheumatoid factor, anti-cyclic citrullinated peptide (anti-CCP) antibodies, cartilage degradation products (CartiLaps), and urine creatinine. A control group consisted of 30 apparently healthy individuals whose serum FA level was determined in order to obtain reference values.Results and discussion. The normal FA level varied from 653.55 to 972.19 μg/ml. All the patients with RA were divided into two groups: 1) 23 patients with a low FA level (<653.55 μg/ml) and 2) 87 patients with a normal FA levels (≥653.55 μg/ml). The groups differed significantly in anti-CCP antibody concentrations, disease activity, radiological stages, functional classes, and the presence of complications. Patients with lower FA levels were noted to have increased CRP concentrations, erythrocyte sedimentation rate, and CartiLaps/urine creatinine ratio. The mean FA concentration was considerably and significantly lower in patients with higher DAS28 scores. Conclusion. Our investigation has revealed that there is a relationship between the levels of FA and the individual clinical manifestations of RA. The lower FA level is associated with higher disease activity and the aggressive phenotype of RA (the presence of anti-CCP antibodies, radiological stages III and IV, extra-articular manifestations and complications).
An IDEA
Authors: Wang Xikui , Carey Michael J. 
Published: September 2019

Big Data today is being generated at an unprecedented rate from various sources such as sensors, applications, and devices, and it often needs to be enriched based on other reference information to support complex analytical queries. Depending on the use case, the enrichment operations can be compiled code, declarative queries, or machine learning models with different complexities. For enrichments that will be frequently used in the future, it can be advantageous to push their computation into the ingestion pipeline so that they can be stored (and queried) together with the data. In some cases, the referenced information may change over time, so the ingestion pipeline should be able to adapt to such changes to guarantee the currency and/or correctness of the enrichment results.
In this paper, we present a new data ingestion framework that supports data ingestion at scale, enrichments requiring complex operations, and adaptiveness to reference data changes. We explain how this framework has been built on top of Apache AsterixDB and investigate its performance at scale under various workloads.
BlackMagic
Authors: Ramachandra Karthik , Park Kwanghyun 
Published: September 2019

Relational DBMSs allow users to extend the standard declarative SQL language surface using User Defined Functions (UDFs) that implement custom behavior. While UDFs offer many advantages, it is well-known amongst practitioners that they can cause severe degradation in query performance. This degradation is due to the fact that state-of-the-art query optimizers treat UDFs as black boxes and do not reason about them during optimization.
We demonstrate Froid, a framework for optimizing UDFs by opening up this black box and exposing its underlying operations to the query optimizer. It achieves this by systematically translating the entire body of an imperative multi-statement UDF into a single relational algebraic expression. Thereby, any query invoking this UDF is transformed into a query with a nested sub-query that is semantically equivalent to the UDF. We then leverage existing sub-query optimization techniques and thereby get efficient, set-oriented, parallel query plans as opposed to inefficient, iterative, serial execution of UDFs.
We demonstrate the benefits of Froid including performance gains of up to multiple orders of magnitude on real workloads. Froid is available as a feature of Microsoft SQL Server 2019 called 'Scalar UDF Inlining'.
Identification of Spikes in Time Series
Authors: Goin Dana E. , Ahern Jennifer 
Published: September 2019

Abstract
Researchers interested in the effects of exposure spikes on an outcome need tools to identify unexpectedly high values in a time series. However, the best method to identify spikes in time series is not known. This paper aims to fill this gap by testing the performance of several spike detection methods in a simulation setting. We created simulations parameterized by monthly violence rates in nine California cities that represented different series features, and randomly inserted spikes into the series. We then compared the ability to detect spikes of the following methods: ARIMA modeling, Kalman filtering and smoothing, wavelet modeling with soft thresholding, and an iterative outlier detection method. We varied the magnitude of spikes from 10 to 50 % of the mean rate over the study period and varied the number of spikes inserted from 1 to 10. We assessed performance of each method using sensitivity and specificity. The Kalman filtering and smoothing procedure had the best overall performance. We applied each method to the monthly violence rates in nine California cities and identified spikes in the rate over the 2005–2012 period.
Finding a Home for a Roof in Production within the Building History of Poggio Civitate (Murlo)
Authors: Winter Nancy A. 
Published: September 2019

Abstract
The unique workshop excavated at Poggio Civitate (Murlo) contained elements of a terracotta roof in the process of production (Roof 2–22 [Winter 2009]). The conflagration that destroyed the buildings on the plateau at the beginning of the sixth century B. C. E. in effect fired the raw clay elements, which were lying on the workshop floor in the shade of the roof to dry before firing. No building under construction has previously been identified as the planned home for this roof. Possible candidates can now be proposed, buildings which show no evidence of being finished to the point of having a tiled roof or of having objects in the interior that would represent use levels.
Crystal structure of 2-ethoxy-6-((E)-((3-(((E)-3-ethoxy-2-hydroxybenzylidene)amino)-2-hydroxypropyl)iminio)methyl)phenolate, C21H26N2O5
Authors: Wenhui Su , Dayong Tian , Zhichao Yu , Liguo Yang , Yongsheng Niu 
Published: September 2019

Abstract
C21H26N2O5, monoclinic, P21/c (no. 14), a = 19.779(9) Å, b = 5.332(2) Å, c = 18.945(8) Å, β = 94.572(6)°, V = 1991.4(15) Å3, Z = 4, R
gt(F) = 0.0425, wR
ref(F
2) = 0.1179, T = 298(2) K.
The crystal structure of catena-poly(μ2-4,4′-bipyridine-κ2
N:N′)-tetrakis(μ2-2-((3,5,6-trichloropyridin-2-yl)oxy)acetato-κ2
O:O′)dinickel(II)], C19H10Cl6N3NiO6
Authors: Du Zhong-Xiang , Li Jun-Xia , Bai Ruo-Fei 
Published: September 2019

Abstract
C19H10Cl6N3NiO6, tetragonal, I4̄ (no. 82), a = 13.1205(4) Å, c = 14.2717(6) Å, V = 2456.84(18) Å3, Z = 4, R
gt(F) = 0.0384, wR
ref(F
2) = 0.0756, T = 293.2(3) K.
Crystal structure of benzyl-chlorido-(4-chloro-N-[(2-oxidophenyl)methylidene]benzenecarbohydrazonato)-methanol-tin(IV), C22H20Cl2N2O3Sn
Authors: Lee See Mun , Lo Kong Mun , Tiekink Edward R.T. 
Published: September 2019

Abstract
C22H20Cl2N2O3Sn, orthorhombic, P212121 (no. 19), a = 8.1234(3) Å, b = 10.7966(3) Å, c = 24.9785(8) Å, V = 2190.74(12) Å3, Z = 4, R
gt(F) = 0.0271, wR
ref(F
2) = 0.0645, T = 293(2) K.
“Undesirable Immigrants”: The Language of Law and Literature in Joseph Conrad’s “Amy Foster”
Authors: Zulli Tania 
Published: September 2019

Abstract
Over the last few decades, the field of law and literature studies has increasingly focused on the importance of literary texts in the interpretation of legal doctrines developing wider perspectives on society and on the law’s effect on the community itself. By considering the dynamic relationship between narrative works and legal documents, the present analysis proposes a reading of Joseph Conrad’s short story “Amy Foster” (1901), which focusses on the investigation of the social and political aspects of migration in late nineteenth-century Britain. Echoes of the migrant figure as represented in Conrad’s story can be found in the Aliens Act, the law passed by the British government in 1905 to regulate the flux of migrants from Eastern Europe. Taking into account the legal value of the Aliens Act and the social consequences of its application, the article will first examine general views on migration at the beginning of the twentieth century, and will later explore the language used in the statute and its relevance in the short story. To this end, the notion of “undesirable immigrant,” first introduced to describe migrants with well-defined characteristics, is anticipated by Joseph Conrad in “Amy Foster” whose protagonist, Yanko Goorall, is an emigrant from Eastern Europe. Conrad’s fictional representation of Goorall as an “undesirable immigrant” allows us to reflect on how his writing deals with (and anticipates) events and socio-cultural trends.
Foreign Direct Investment and International Trade in WAEMU- Panel Causality and Long-term Relationship Analysis
Authors: Amadou Maiga Ousseini , Oumarou Issoufou , Coulibaly Salifou Kigbajah 
Published: September 2019

AbstractUsing panel data from 1990 to 2016, this paper examines the Granger causality and long-run relationship between foreign direct investment, and trade (imports, exports, and trade openness) in the West African economic and monetary union (WAEMU). This study will determine the link between international trade and foreign direct investment to the policymakers. The study follows the short-run causality, cointegration, and long-run approach. The Granger causality tests that there is causality between trade and FDI. The analysis uses Kao and Pedroni method which reveal the existence of cointegration between trade and FDI. The long-run effect tests suggested that foreign direct investment has a positive long-run effect increasing export WAEMU. The tests also indicate that foreign direct investment has a positive long-run effect spurring import and leads to more trade openness in WAEMU. Additionally, the long run estimation indicates that FDI induces to more trade openness in WAEMU. Moreover, the analysis indicates also that export and import have a positive and significant long-run effect on foreign direct investment. Furthermore, the estimation indicates that trade openness has a positive and significant impact on attracting more foreign investment in WAEMU. We explored the economic and policy implications of our analyses in the conclusions.
Predicting the outcome of persistent sciatica using conditioned pain modulation: 1-year results from a prospective cohort study
Authors: Fjeld Olaf R. , Grotle Margreth , Matre Dagfinn , Pedersen Linda M. , Lie Marie U. , Småstuen Milada C. , Storheim Kjersti , Heuch Ingrid , Stubhaug Audun , Zwart John-Anker , Nilsen Kristian Bernhard 
Published: September 2019

Abstract

Background and aims
Recovery in patients hospitalised with severe sciatica is unpredictable. Prognostic tools to aid clinicians in the early identification of patients at risk of developing chronic sciatic pain are warranted. Conditioned pain modulation (CPM) is a psychophysical measure of the endogenous pain modulatory pathways. Several studies have suggested CPM as a potentially important predictive biomarker for the development of chronic pain. The aim of the study was to determine whether CPM effect in patients still suffering from leg pain 6 weeks after hospital discharge for severe sciatica is associated with persistent leg pain at 12 months. A potential association would suggest that measuring CPM effect could be a valuable prognostic tool in the hospital management of sciatica.

Methods
A prospective cohort study in which CPM effect was measured 6 weeks after hospital discharge following an acute admission with sciatica as the main complaint. The impact of CPM effect on the outcome was analysed using logistic regression. The outcome measured was self-reported leg pain score of ≥1 in the past week on a 0–10 numeric rating scale (NRS) at 12 months post discharge.

Results
A total of 111 patients completed the entire study, 51 of whom received non-randomised surgical treatment. Crude and confounder adjusted analyses showed no significant association between CPM effect and leg-pain measured at 12 months, crude Odds Ratio 0.87, 95% CI 0.7–1.1, p = 0.23.

Conclusions
Our results suggest that CPM assessment has limited prognostic value for the long-term outcome in severe sciatica when measured 6 weeks after hospital discharge.

Implications
The present study adds important knowledge concerning the limited clinical use of late CPM testing in sciatica patients. The heterogeneity in patients, the wide range of treatments received and a generally favourable outcome are factors that may affect CPM’s clinical value as a prognostic factor for severe sciatica.
«Yo que tú me lo pensaba»: por qué ignorar el condicional (y el paso del tiempo)
Authors: Arias Oliveira Roberto C. 
Published: September 2019

Abstract
In this article, I will seek to explain a very widespread phenomenon in colloquial Spanish: the use of the imperfect (andaba) in contexts for which, in a more formal register, it would be preferable to use the so-called condicional (andaría). An example is «Yo que tú me lo pensaba» (meaning If I were you, I would think about it) instead of «Yo que tú me lo pensaría». To this aim, this paper will sketch out a semantic characterization of the Spanish simple tenses that does not build on the idea of a timeline or time axis, and that therefore does not include notions such as past, present or future or even anteriority, posteriority or simultaneity. As will be shown, this characterization allows a simple and intuitive explanation of the aforementioned phenomenon.
Un huevo: subjetivación, cuantificación y negación
Authors: Cifuentes Honrubia José Luis 
Published: September 2019

Abstract
This paper deals with two types of quantitative constructions in which un huevo occurs: (a) In certain contexts, it functions as a quantifier noun ―that is, an inherently relational noun quantifying a nominal phrase in pseudo-partitive constructions: el libro tiene un huevo de páginas [‘the book has a hell of a lot of pages’]. The value of un huevo as a quantifier is evaluative, and the quantitative assessment is based on pragmatically or contextually established criteria. (b) In other contexts, the construction un huevo can be considered an example of minimizer, and more specifically, a vulgar or taboo minimizer. The minimizers are scalar elements which seems potentially sensitive to negative polarity, and become quantifiers after a grammaticalization process: under the scope of the negation, they can be reanalyzed as negative emphatic markers (no le importo a nadie un huevo [‘Nobody gives a toss about me’]). From the examples provided by the corpora of the RAE, the functional characteristics of the two constructions will be analyzed, and their origins will be explained. More generally, it will be shown that these two types of constructions constitute two examples of subjectification, a process by which the pragmatic meaning can become grammaticalized and become a conventional construction.