bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Predictive Value of Hepatic Venous Pressure Gradient for Graft Hemodynamics in Living Donor Liver Transplantation
Authors: Matsushima Hajime , Fujiki Masato , Sasaki Kazunari , Rotroff Daniel M. , Sands Mark , Bayona Molano Maria Del Pilar , Aucejo Federico , Diago Uso Teresa , Eghtesad Bijan , Miller Charles , Quintini Cristiano , Hashimoto Koji 
Published: April 2019

The hepatic venous pressure gradient (HVPG) measurement is known to correlate with the severity of portal hypertension in patients with liver cirrhosis. This retrospective study investigated the clinical value of preoperative measurement of HVPG in patients who underwent adult‐to‐adult living donor liver transplantation (LDLT) and its predictive value for hepatic hemodynamics after graft reperfusion. For this study, 75 patients who underwent adult‐to‐adult LDLT were divided into 2 groups (HVPG <16 mm Hg or HVPG ≥16 mm Hg) to investigate the correlation between preoperative HVPG and characteristics and surgical outcomes of the patients, including portal vein flow (PVF) and hepatic artery flow (HAF) after graft reperfusion. In total, 35 (46.7%) patients had an HVPG ≥16 mm Hg. These patients had significantly higher international normalized ratio values, serum creatinine levels, and Model for End‐Stage Liver Disease scores compared with the 40 patients with HVPG <16 mm Hg. They also had higher rates of variceal bleeding, encephalopathy, and intractable ascites as well as lower serum albumin levels and platelet counts compared with those patients with HVPG <16 mm Hg. Portal inflow modulation (PIM) was frequently performed in the patients with HVPG ≥16 mm Hg compared with those with HVPG <16 mm Hg. No significant differences in surgical outcomes after LDLT were found between these 2 groups except for postoperative ascites. Preoperative HVPG showed a positive correlation with PVF and a negative correlation with HAF after graft reperfusion (false discovery rate [FDR] P = 0.08 and FDR P = 0.08, respectively). In linear regression analyses, preoperative HVPG was independently associated with PVF after graft reperfusion. In conclusion, our findings indicate that preoperative HVPG is associated with hepatic hemodynamics after graft implantation in LDLT. HVPG as a routine preoperative evaluation may be helpful for surgical planning of PIM.
Application of a Bayesian inflation approach to EnSRF radar data assimilation to improve the analysis and forecasting of an MCS
Authors: Gao Shibo , Min Jinzhong , Liu Limin , Ren Chuanyou 
Published: April 2019

AbstractA spatially and temporally varying Bayesian inflation algorithm was applied to the assimilation of the real radar data of a mesoscale convective system (MCS), which occurred on May 8–9, 2007 in Oklahoma and Texas (USA), using the ensemble square root filter (EnSRF) within the advanced regional prediction system (ARPS). For comparison purposes, two radar data assimilation and forecast experiments using Bayesian inflation and regular multiplicative inflation algorithms were performed. Results indicated that the analysis reflectivity structure of the MCS using the Bayesian inflation method appeared better than when using the multiplicative inflation method. The Bayesian inflation method also reduced the root mean square innovations (RMSIs) and increased the ensemble spreads for reflectivity and radial velocity. Furthermore, the reduction of RMSIs was related to the higher Bayesian inflation parameter assigned to the background. The flow‐dependent characteristic of the Bayesian inflation parameter means it varies with space and model state variables. This successful analysis helped improve subsequent forecast reflectivity and precipitation, especially for stratiform precipitation. It also promoted the development of the MCS with a strong surface cold pool and outflow in the convective regions. Quantitative reflectivity and precipitation forecast skills were also improved in the Bayesian inflation experiment. These encouraging results demonstrated the greater potential of using the Bayesian inflation algorithm for EnSRF radar data assimilation compared with multiplicative inflation.
Effects of High Dietary Levels of Cottonseed Meal and Rapeseed Meal on Growth Performance, Muscle Texture, and Expression of Muscle-Related Genes in Grass Carp
Authors: Hu Yajun , Hu Yi , Wu Tongqiang , Chu Wuying 
Published: April 2019

Abstract
A 10-week feeding experiment was conducted to estimate the effects of rapeseed meal (RSM) and cottonseed meal (CSM) as a replacement for equal proportions of fish meal and soybean meal for Grass Carp Ctenopharyngodon idella. Two isonitrogenous and isoenergetic diets were formulated; a basic commercial formula was fed to the control (CT) group, while the RSM and CSM diet was fed to the experimental (ET) group. The results showed that the survival rates were 98% (CT group) and 99% (ET group), which were not significantly different. Compared with the CT group, the weight gain rate of Grass Carp in the ET group was significantly decreased; hardness, gumminess, and chewiness of muscle in the ET group showed significant increases; and adhesiveness of muscle was significantly increased. The expression levels of the myosin heavy chain (MyHC*) and myogenic regulatory factor 5 (Myf5*) genes in the muscle of the ET group were significantly increased compared with those in the CT group. Moreover, the expression level of the troponin gene in the ET group muscle was significantly increased compared with that in CT fish. This study indicated that a high proportion of CSM (27%) and RSM (27%) in feed had negative effects on the growth performance and muscle texture of Grass Carp.
Evaluating the Sustainability of a Cisco Fishery in Thunder Bay, Ontario, under Alternative Harvest Policies
Authors: Fisch Nicholas C. , Bence James R. , Myers Jared T. , Berglund Eric K. , Yule Daniel L. 
Published: April 2019

Abstract
Sustainable management of fish stocks is promoted through the application of management strategy evaluations (MSEs), providing information to managers on the relative performance of alternative management approaches (strategies) while accounting for uncertainty. In this study, we developed a simplified MSE of a stock of Cisco Coregonus artedi in Thunder Bay, Ontario, to determine both the sustainability of the current harvest control rule (i.e., a constant exploitation rate [U] of 10%) and the performance of alternative harvest control rules in meeting fishery objectives. Success in meeting fishery objectives was evaluated through attained yields, interannual variation in yields, magnitude of spawning stock biomass (SB), and the risk of reaching low SB—performance metrics established based on consultation with an advisory group to Lake Superior fishery managers. Our simulations explicitly accounted for uncertainty in the frequency of strong year-classes being produced by Cisco, the stock–recruit relationship, stock abundance, and the sex-specific nature of roe harvest. Assuming that future productivity is similar to the productivity observed over the period from 1985 to 2015, results suggest that the current U of 10% is sustainable in terms of maintaining SB above 20% of the unfished level. Variants of constant U control rules that included thresholds defining when U is to decrease as a function of SB increased yield, decreased risk, and increased the magnitude of SB at the end of the simulation period. However, these advantages came at the expense of greater interannual variation in yield. Constant catch control rules greatly underperformed constant U control rules in terms of magnitude in yield; however, they did reduce interannual variation in yield compared to constant U control rules. Furthermore, conditional versions of constant catch control rules (i.e., threshold stock sizes below which the catch limit was reduced) mitigated risks of staying at low stock size.
Patient‐reported outcomes and urodynamic findings in men with persistent lower urinary tract symptoms following robot‐assisted radical prostatectomy
Authors: MacKenzie Kenneth R. , Davis James , Harding Christopher , Aning Jonathan J. 
Published: April 2019

AbstractAimsTo evaluate the patient‐reported outcome measures (PROMs) and urodynamic findings in men seeking intervention for lower urinary tract symptoms (LUTS) after robotic‐assisted radical prostatectomy (RARP) in a regional referral center for continence surgery.MethodsConsecutive men with post‐RARP LUTS, who were referred for specialist evaluation and urodynamics between December 2012 and October 2017, were evaluated. Men were invited to complete the International Consultation on Incontinence Questionnaire on Male Lower Urinary Tract Symptoms Long Form (ICIQ‐MLUTS) pre‐operatively and at 6, 12 and 18 months post‐RARP.ResultsIn total 64/860 (7.4%) men post‐RARP were referred for specialist evaluation. There was a significant increase in total ICIQ‐MLUTS and bother scores at 6, 12 and 18 months compared with the baseline in these men (P < 0.001 and P < 0.05, respectively). Urodynamics identified 41/64 (64%) had urodynamic stress incontinence (USI) only, 2/64 (3%) had detrusor overactivity (DO) only and 11/64 (17%) had a combination of USI and DO. Of those referred to a continence specialist 29/64 (45%) underwent a continence procedure.ConclusionsPatients with bothersome LUTS post‐RARP have higher baseline ICIQ‐MLUTs scores and significant worsening of total scores at all time points compared with the baseline. Routine use of PROMs may identify patients at risk of bothersome symptoms after RARP and prompt earlier referral for further management of their LUTS. Urodynamic evaluation revealed that the most common finding was pure stress incontinence but the range of urodynamic diagnoses highlights the need to perform urodynamics before making treatment decisions for men with LUTS post‐RARP.
On the conditional residual lifetime of coherent systems under double regularly checking
Authors: Goli Sareh 
Published: April 2019

AbstractIn this paper, we consider a coherent system with n independent and identically distributed components under the condition that the system is monitored at time instances t1 and t2 (t1 < t2). First, various mixture representations for reliability function of the conditional residual lifetime of the coherent system are derived under different scenarios at times t1 and t2 (t1 < t2). Several stochastic comparisons between two systems are also made based on the proposed conditional random variables. Then, we consider the conditional residual lifetime of the functioning components of the system given that j components have failed at time t1 and the system has failed at time t2. Some stochastic comparisons on the proposed conditional residual lifetimes are investigated. Several illustrative graphs and examples are also provided.
Changes of clinical symptoms in patients with new psychoactive substance (NPS)‐related disorders from fiscal year 2012 to 2014: A study in hospitals specializing in the treatment of addiction
Authors: Funada Daisuke , Matsumoto Toshihiko , Tanibuchi Yuko , Kawasoe Yasunari , Sakakibara Satoru , Naruse Nobuya , Ikeda Shunichiro , Sunami Takashi , Muto Takeo , Cho Tetsuji 
Published: April 2019

AbstractAimsThe use of new psychoactive substances (NPS) has become increasingly widespread over the last decade, in Japan and internationally. NPS are associated with a range of increasingly serious clinical, public, and social issues. Political measures to ameliorate the effects of NPS in Japan have focused on tightening regulation rather than establishing treatment methods. The current study sought to compare the neuropsychiatric symptoms of patients with NPS‐related disorders across several years. We examined patients who attended specialized hospitals for treating addiction, to elucidate the impacts of legal measures to control NPS.MethodsSubjects (n = 864) were patients with NPS‐related disorders who received medical treatment at eight specialized hospitals for treating addiction in Japan between April 2012 and March 2015. Clinical information was collected retrospectively from medical records.ResultsAmong psychiatric symptoms, the ratio of hallucinations/delusions decreased over time across 3 years of study (first year vs second year vs third year: 40.1% vs 30.9% vs 31.7%, P = 0.037). Among neurological symptoms, the ratio of coma/syncope increased over the 3‐year period (7.8% vs 11.0% vs 17.0%, P = 0.002), as did the ratio of convulsions (2.8% vs 4.3% vs 9.7%, P = 0.001).ConclusionThe symptoms associated with NPS were primarily psychiatric in the first year, while the prevalence of neurological symptoms increased each year. The risk of death and the severity of symptoms were greater in the third year compared with the first year, as regulation of NPS increased.
Synthesis and antifouling activities of fluorinated polyurethanes
Authors: Qiao Zhuangzhuang , Xu Deqiu , Yao Yan , Song Shaomin , Yin Meihui , Luo Jianbin 
Published: April 2019

AbstractA series of fluorinated polyurethanes (FPUs) with various contents of fluorinated chain extender (EF) and the same amount of poly(oxytetramethylene glycol) and diphenylmethanediisocyanate were synthesized to explore the relationship between the surface physicochemical properties and bulk microphase separation structures of these FPUs and their antifouling activities against model bacteria and platelets. The bulk microphase separation of FPUs increased with the amount of incorporated EF. It was found that the surfaces of all FPUs were saturated by a layer of fluorocarbon chains which resulted in similar chemical composition and wetting activities for the three kinds of FPUs. The FPUs with lower or similar microphase separation compared with non‐fluorinated polyurethane chain‐extended with 1,4‐butanediol showed similar or even increased adhesion of bacteria and platelets. Notably, FPU with a higher degree of microphase separation than non‐fluorinated polyurethane displayed excellent antifouling activities against both model bacteria and blood platelets. It is therefore concluded that the increased microphase separation of the FPUs results in enhanced antifouling properties. © 2019 Society of Chemical Industry
A randomized controlled trial of WATAAP to promote physical activity in colorectal and endometrial cancer survivors
Authors: Maxwell‐Smith Chloé , Hince Dana , Cohen Paul A. , Bulsara Max K. , Boyle Terry , Platell Cameron , Tan Patrick , Levitt Michael , Salama Paul , Tan Jason , Salfinger Stuart , Makin Gregory , Mohan Ganendra Raj Kader Ali , Jiménez‐Castuera Ruth , Hardcastle Sarah J. 
Published: April 2019

AbstractObjectiveThe objective of this study was to ascertain whether wearable technology coupled with action planning was effective in increasing physical activity (PA) in colorectal and endometrial cancer survivors at cardiovascular risk.MethodsSixty‐eight survivors who had cardiovascular risk factors and were insufficiently active were randomized to intervention and control arms. Intervention participants were given a wearable tracker for 12 weeks, two group sessions, and a support phone call. Participants in the control arm received print materials describing PA guidelines. Assessments at baseline and 12 weeks measured triaxial and uniaxial estimates of moderate‐vigorous physical activity (MVPA), sedentary behaviour, blood pressure, and body mass index (BMI).ResultsThe intervention group significantly increased MVPA by 45 min/wk compared with a reduction of 21 min/wk in the control group. Group by time interactions were significant for minutes of MVPA (F1,126 = 5.14, P = 0.025). For those with diastolic hypertension, there was a significant group by time interaction (F1,66 = 4.89, P = 0.031) with a net reduction of 9.89 mm Hg in the intervention group.ConclusionsSignificant improvements in MVPA were observed following the intervention. The results display promise for the use of pragmatic, low‐intensity interventions using wearable technology.
Nonadiabatic effects in the nuclear probability and flux densities through the fractional Schrödinger equation
Authors: Medina Leidy Y. , Núñez‐Zarur Francisco , Pérez‐Torres Jhon F. 
Published: April 2019

AbstractNonadiabatic effects in the nuclear dynamics of the H2+ molecular ion, initiated by ionization of the H2 molecule, is studied by means of the probability and flux distribution functions arising from the space fractional Schrödinger equation. In order to solve the fractional Schrödinger eigenvalue equation, it is shown that the quantum Riesz fractional derivative operator fulfills the usual properties of the quantum momentum operator acting on the bra and ket vectors of the abstract Hilbert space. Then, the fractional Fourier grid Hamiltonian method is implemented and applied to molecular vibrations. The eigenenergies and eigenfunctions of the fractional Schrödinger equation describing the vibrational motion of the H2+ and D2+ molecules are analyzed. In particular, it is shown that the position‐momentum Heisenberg's uncertainty relationship holds independently of the fractional Schrödinger equation. Finally, the probability and flux distributions are presented, demonstrating the applicability of the fractional Schrödinger equation for taking into account nonadiabatic effects.
Integrating Fish Assemblage Data, Modeled Stream Temperatures, and Thermal Tolerance Metrics to Develop Thermal Guilds for Water Temperature Regulation: Wyoming Case Study
Authors: Mandeville Caitlin P. , Rahel Frank J. , Patterson Lindsay S. , Walters Annika W. 
Published: April 2019

AbstractMany streams are experiencing increased average temperatures due to anthropogenic activity and climate change. As a result, surface water temperature regulation is critical for preserving a diverse stream fish species assemblage. The development of temperature regulations has generally been based on laboratory measurements of individual species' thermal tolerances rather than community response to temperature in the field, despite multiple limitations of using laboratory data for this purpose. Using field data to develop temperature regulations may avoid some of the limitations of laboratory data, but the use of field data comes with additional challenges that prevent its widespread adoption. We used Wyoming stream fish assemblages as a case study to examine the feasibility of addressing the limitations of field and laboratory data through a hybrid approach that integrates both types of data to classify species into thermal guilds that can potentially inform regulatory standards. We identified coldwater, coolwater, and warmwater classes of sites with modeled mean August temperatures of <15.5, 15.5–19.9, and >19.9°C, respectively. We used species' associations with these temperature classes to place species into site‐groups. Finally, we used standardized laboratory measures of species' upper acute and chronic thermal tolerances to identify and reclassify species with unusual thermal distributions. Through this process we classified species into five thermal guilds that may be useful for surface water temperature regulation in Wyoming. Our approach addresses the limitations identified for field and laboratory data and demonstrates a framework that could be used for incorporating multiple types of data to develop temperature standards.
Molecular‐based assessments of tribal and generic limits and relationships in Rubiaceae (Gentianales): Polyphyly of Pomazoteae and paraphyly of Ophiorrhizeae and Ophiorrhiza
Authors: Razafimandimbison Sylvain G. , Rydin Catarina 
Published: April 2019

AbstractCircumscriptions of the Australasian tribes Ophiorrhizeae and Pomazoteae (Rubiaceae) as well as their generic relationships and limits have long remained unsettled. These tribes were originally delimited by Bremekamp based on the lack of raphides and testa cell patterns (thick‐ versus thin‐walled testa cells, respectively). Some authors have synonymized the two or treated Pomazoteae as a synonym of other tribes despite the fact that the matter has never been sufficiently addressed. We performed molecular phylogenetic analyses of Ophiorrhizeae sensu Bremer & Manen (i.e., comprising Coptophyllum, Lerchea, Neurocalyx, Ophiorrhiza, Spiradiclis and Xanthophytum) based on sequence data from four plastid and two nuclear markers. Coptophyllum (= Pomazota, type of Pomazoteae), Lerchea and Xanthophytum together with seven other genera, were traditionally classified in Pomazoteae. We also investigated for the first time the two Pomazoteae genera Keenania and Leptomischus. Our analyses resolved Leptomischus as sister to the Rubioideae tribe Argostemmateae and we here formally classify this genus in that tribe. Ophiorrhizeae sensu Bremer and Manen is paraphyletic with respect to Keenania. Pomazoteae is polyphyletic, with most of its genera (including Coptophyllum) belonging in Ophiorrhizeae. Its tribal status cannot be held. Testa cell patterns are evolutionarily labile, and seem to have no phylogenetic value at tribal level. Our study strongly supports a broadly delimited Ophiorrhizeae that contains mostly suffrutescent herbs. Within Ophiorrhizeae as here defined, Neurocalyx is sister to the rest of the tribe, followed by Xanthophytum. The Coptophyllum‐Lerchea clade is sister to a large clade formed by Keenania, Ophiorrhiza and Spiradiclis. Ophiorrhiza is paraphyletic with respect to Keenania and Spiradiclis, and was resolved in two well‐supported lineages, the Ophiorrhiza‐Keenania and Ophiorrhiza‐Spiradiclis lineages. Accordingly, we formally transferred all validly published names from Keenania and Spiradiclis to Ophiorrhiza, resulting in 40 new combinations and 15 new names.
Why Neurotechnologies? About the Purposes, Opportunities and Limitations of Neurotechnologies in Clinical Applications
Authors: Stieglitz Thomas 
Published: April 2019

AbstractNeurotechnologies describe a field of science and engineering in which the nervous system is interfaced with technical devices. Fundamental research is conducted to explore functions of the brain, decipher the neural code and get a better understanding of diseases and disorders. Risk benefit assessment has been well established in all medical disciplines to treat patients best possible while minimizing jeopardizing their lives by the interventions. Is this set of assessment rules sufficient when the brain will be interfaced with a technical system and is this assessment enough? How will these new technologies change personality and society? This article will shortly review different stakeholders’ opinions and their expectation in the field, assembles information the state-of-the art in medical applications of neurotechnological implants and describes and assesses the fundamental technologies that are used to build up these implants starting with essential requirements of technical materials in contact with living tissue. The different paragraphs guide the reader through the main aspects of neurotechnologies and lay a foundation of knowledge to be able to contribute to the discussion in which cases implants will be beneficial and in which cases we should express serious concerns.