bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Socio-environmental drivers of sustainable adoption of household water treatment in developing countries
Authors: Daniel D. , Marks Sara J. , Pande Saket , Rietveld Luuk 
Published: June 2018

AbstractHousehold water treatment (HWT) can effectively reduce exposure to unsafe drinking water at home. Understanding the characteristics of target groups who successfully adopt HWT, such as perception about water quality and usefulness of HWT, income, or parental education, is essential for enhancing the adoption of HWT in developing countries. The objective of this study is to analyze the interactions between such socio-environmental characteristics, rather than a single characteristic, in order to explain the adoption of HWT. Five socio-environmental characteristics and behavior determinants were analyzed using Qualitative Comparative Analysis (QCA) from 41 case studies in Africa, Asia, and South America. Results show that there is no single characteristic that alone explains the adoption of HWT. QCA identified five pathways leading to high adoption of HWT. Perceived threat due to bad water quality is a pre-condition for three of the pathways. However, perceived threat does not alone explain adoption of HWT and must be accompanied by other conditions. Households connected to piped water schemes can also be potential HWT adopters as long as they perceive poor tap water quality. Finally, households who are able to afford the full cost of HWT tend to adopt it only when they neither have prior experience with HWT nor a connection to a piped scheme. Our findings therefore highlight the necessity to analyze interactions between socio-environmental characteristics of households and behavior determinants in order to determine the adoption of HWT.
Approach-aversion in calves following injections
Authors: Ede Thomas , von Keyserlingk Marina A. G. , Weary Daniel M. 
Published: June 2018

AbstractWe assessed aversion to injections using an avoidance-learning paradigm. Holstein calves (n = 24) were randomly assigned to one of four routes of administration for 0.5 ml of saline: intramuscular (IM), intranasal (IN), subcutaneous (SC) and a null control. Calves were first trained to approach a milk reward of 1 L. Once the latency to approach the reward was consistent, calves received their assigned treatment when approaching the bottle. For the first 3 treatment sessions calves received a 1 L milk reward. This reward was then reduced to 500 mL, and then to 250 mL, and finally to 0 mL, each for 3 sessions. Compared to control calves, calves receiving the intramuscular injections showed a longer latency to approach the milk reward, but only when the milk reward was 0.25 L (P = 0.05) and 0 L (P < 0.01). Calves receiving the intranasal injections showed longer latencies relative to the controls only for the 0 L reward (P = 0.01). Calves receiving the subcutaneous injections did not differ from controls for any of the milk rewards (P > 0.2). We conclude that IM injections are aversive and that SC and IN routes are a refinement to be considered when feasible.
New insights into the structural dynamics of the kinase JNK3
Authors: Mishra Pankaj , Günther Stefan 
Published: June 2018

AbstractIn this work, we study the dynamics and the energetics of the all-atom structure of a neuronal-specific serine/threonine kinase c-Jun N-terminal kinase 3 (JNK3) in three states: unphosphorylated, phosphorylated, and ATP-bound phosphorylated. A series of 2 µs atomistic simulations followed by a conformational landscape mapping and a principal component analysis supports the mechanistic understanding of the JNK3 inactivation/activation process and also indicates key structural intermediates. Our analysis reveals that the unphosphorylated JNK3 undergoes the ‘open-to-closed’ movement via a two-step mechanism. Furthermore, the phosphorylation and ATP-binding allow the JNK3 kinase to attain a fully active conformation. JNK3 is a widely studied target for small-drugs used to treat a variety of neurological disorders. We believe that the mechanistic understanding of the large-conformational changes upon the activation of JNK3 will aid the development of novel targeted therapeutics.
Update Mammakarzinom 2018 (Teil 1) – primäres Mammakarzinom und Biomarker
Authors: Taran Florin-Andrei , Schneeweiss Andreas , Lux Michael , Janni Wolfgang , Hartkopf Andreas , Nabieva Naiba , Overkamp Friedrich , Kolberg Hans-Christian , Hadji Peyman , Tesch Hans , Wöckel Achim , Ettl Johannes , Lüftner Diana , Wallwiener Markus , Müller Volkmar , Beckmann Matthias , Belleville Erik , Wallwiener Diethelm , Brucker Sara , Fasching Peter , Fehm Tanja , Schütz Florian 
Published: June 2018

ZusammenfassungIn dieser Übersichtsarbeit wird dargestellt, wie neue Therapien oder neue Aspekte etablierter Therapien in Zusammenhang mit neuesten, aktuellen Erkenntnissen stehen. Neoadjuvanz, Lokaltherapie, neue Aspekte der Systemtherapie und Prognose- sowie Prädiktivfaktoren werden beleuchtet. In der Neoadjuvanz ist nach wie vor der Zusammenhang zwischen pCR und Prognose von Interesse, ebenso wie neue molekulare Prädiktoren für neue Therapien wie CDK4/6-Inhibitoren zu identifizieren. Bei der operativen Behandlung wird weiter nach einer Reduktion der Aggressivität gestrebt. Insbesondere das duktale Carcinoma in situ muss dafür noch besser verstanden werden. Bei den Systemtherapien wächst die Datenlage zum Verständnis der besten Kombinationen und Therapieabläufe für bestehende Therapieverfahren. Letztendlich muss mithilfe von Prognose- und Prädiktivfaktoren vermieden werden, dass Übertherapien stattfinden und nur die Patientin spezifische Therapien erhält, welche bei dieser individuellen Patientin eine nachgewiesene Wirksamkeit mit wenig Nebenwirkungen haben.
Update Mammakarzinom 2018 (Teil 2) – Fortgeschrittenes Mammakarzinom, Lebensqualität und Prävention
Authors: Schneeweiss Andreas , Lux Michael , Janni Wolfgang , Hartkopf Andreas , Nabieva Naiba , Taran Florin-Andrei , Overkamp Friedrich , Kolberg Hans-Christian , Hadji Peyman , Tesch Hans , Wöckel Achim , Ettl Johannes , Lüftner Diana , Wallwiener Markus , Müller Volkmar , Beckmann Matthias , Belleville Erik , Wallwiener Diethelm , Brucker Sara , Schütz Florian , Fasching Peter , Fehm Tanja 
Published: June 2018

ZusammenfassungDie Behandlung des metastasierten Mammakarzinoms hat bei immer neu zu testenden Therapien deutlich an Komplexität zugenommen. Therapien werden nunmehr nur noch für spezielle klinische oder molekulare Subgruppen entwickelt. Hierbei spielen die intrinsischen, molekularen Subtypen zwar immer noch die größte Rolle, jedoch gibt es zunehmend auch Therapien, die subgruppen- oder sogar histologieübergreifend entwickelt werden, wie z. B. der PARP-Inhibitor bei BRCA-mutierten Patientinnen (Mamma- und Ovarialkarzinom). Aber auch Supportivtherapien entwickeln sich weiter, sodass Probleme wie die Alopezie besser behandelt werden können und neue Therapiearten von Übelkeit und Erbrechen etabliert werden. In einem engen Zusammenhang mit den Supportivtherapien stehen die Nebenwirkungen, welche bei Patientinnen mit einem metastasierten Mammakarzinom einen direkten Einfluss auf die Prognose haben. Hier könnten digitale Werkzeuge helfen, um ein besseres Patientinnenmanagement zu etablieren. Diese Übersichtsarbeit soll diese Aspekte vor dem Hintergrund neuer, aktuell publizierter Studien beleuchten und einen Einblick geben, wie sich diese Studien zu etablierten Routinetherapien verhalten. Zusätzlich werden aktuelle Aspekte der Mammakarzinomprävention beleuchtet.
How to better focus waves by considering symmetry and information loss
Authors: Lou Kai , Granick Steve , Amblard François 
Published: June 2018

Significance
With applications from electromagnetic communications, to biological and astronomical imaging, to lithography and warfare, waves transmit information, and optimal wave focusing is essential. Here we demonstrate the need to amend the belief that spherical or cylindrical wavefronts necessarily focus at their center of curvature. Instead the effective focus shifts toward the source with decreasing apertures, producing astigmatism when, as increasingly shown for modern applications, the wavefronts are not axially symmetric. This leads to significant degradation of axial resolution in nonaxisymmetric light-focusing applications. These conclusions, derived from diffraction theory and validated by application to optical bioimaging, offer a general strategy to likewise improve the resolution of virtually any other wave-based application whose efficacy depends on focusing energy to points or lines.
Chinese migrations and pilgrimages around Prato (Italy) and Wenzhou (China).
Authors: Parbuono D. 
Published: June 2018

Abstract

This chapter examines worship in a migration context, focusing on the Chinese migrants in the city of Prato (Italy). The chapter analyses the role played by the Temple of the Buddhist Association of the Chinese community in Prato, which hosts a range of important festivals and welcomes pilgrims from other cities. This is both a social meeting place, and a place of 'complementarity cultural worship' with regard to the religious practices that the Chinese officiate during their journey to the monasteries in their country of origin, particularly in the Wenzhou area.
An ethnology of the foreign traveller to the shrine of St Nicholas of Bari, Italy.
Authors: Julliard A. 
Published: June 2018

Abstract

This chapter brings to light the transnational nature of the cult of St Nicholas of Bari (Italy), which attracts Catholic and Orthodox pilgrims (Italians and Slavs), due to the particular appeal of the saint, a native of Myra. The analysis highlights the perspective of a French 'foreign traveller' who analyses the cult through an external ethnographic vision of local dynamics.
A transnational cult: St Rita of Cascia.
Authors: Giacalone F. 
Published: June 2018

Abstract

This chapter examines the veneration of St Rita of Cascia with reference to local perspectives: the relationship between the saint and the town of Cascia, with which she is identified. The chapter analyses the pilgrimage to Roccaporena in Cascia, with a reflection on the boundaries between pilgrimage and tourism. The analysis seeks to investigate the meaning of the relationship between pilgrims, the saint and local identity.
Oral medicine
Authors: Cascarini Luke , Schilling Clare , Gurney Ben , Brennan Peter 
Published: June 2018

Abstract
This chapter discusses oral medicine in oral and maxillofacial surgery, including Common dental diseases, Oral mucosal infections, Oral ulceration, Blistering diseases, White, red, and pigmented lesions, Oral cancer, Oral manifestations of systemic diseases, andMiscellaneous oral conditions
Craving to Quit: A Randomized Controlled Trial of Smartphone App–Based Mindfulness Training for Smoking Cessation
Authors: Garrison Kathleen A , Pal Prasanta , O’Malley Stephanie S , Pittman Brian P , Gueorguieva Ralitza , Rojiani Rahil , Scheinost Dustin , Dallery Jesse , Brewer Judson A 
Published: June 2018

Abstract

Introduction
Mindfulness training may reduce smoking rates and lessen the association between craving and smoking. This trial tested the efficacy of mindfulness training via smartphone app to reduce smoking. Experience sampling (ES) was used to measure real-time craving, smoking, and mindfulness.

Methods
A researcher-blind, parallel randomized controlled trial compared the efficacy of mobile mindfulness training with experience sampling (MMT-ES; Craving to Quit) versus experience sampling only (ES) to (1) increase 1-week point-prevalence abstinence rates at 6 months, and (2) lessen the association between craving and smoking. A modified intent-to-treat approach was used for treatment starters (MMT-ES n = 143; ES n = 182; 72% female, 81% white, age 41 ± 12 year).

Results
No group difference was found in smoking abstinence at 6 months (overall, 11.1%; MMT-ES, 9.8%; ES, 12.1%; χ2(1) = 0.43, p = .51). From baseline to 6 months, both groups showed a reduction in cigarettes per day (p &lt; .0001), craving strength (p &lt; .0001) and frequency (p &lt; .0001), and an increase in mindfulness (p &lt; .05). Using ES data, a craving by group interaction was observed (F(1,3785) = 3.71, p = .05) driven by a stronger positive association between craving and cigarettes per day for ES (t = 4.96, p &lt; .0001) versus MMT-ES (t = 2.03, p = .04). Within MMT-ES, the relationship between craving and cigarettes per day decreased as treatment completion increased (F(1,104) = 4.44, p = .04).

Conclusions
Although mindfulness training via smartphone app did not lead to reduced smoking rates compared with control, our findings provide preliminary evidence that mindfulness training via smartphone app may help lessen the association between craving and smoking, an effect that may be meaningful to support quitting in the longer term.

Implications
This is the first reported full-scale randomized controlled trial of any smartphone app for smoking cessation. Findings provide preliminary evidence that smartphone app-based MMT-ES may lessen the association between craving and smoking.

Trial registration
Clinicaltrials.gov NCT02134509.
Falls After Total Knee Arthroplasty: Frequency, Circumstances, and Associated Factors—A Prospective Cohort Study
Authors: Chan Andy C M , Jehu Deborah A , Pang Marco Y C 
Published: June 2018

AbstractBackgroundIndividuals with total knee arthroplasty (TKA) often experience pain and reduced balance control, which may predispose them to greater fall risk.ObjectiveThe objective of this study was to determine the frequency and circumstance of falls and fall-related risk factors within a 6-month follow-up period in individuals after TKA.DesignThis study was a prospective cohort study.MethodsKnee proprioception, the Balance Systems Evaluation Test, knee pain, knee extension and flexion muscle strength, knee range of motion, and balance confidence were evaluated in 134 individuals (39 men, 95 women; mean age = 66.3 years [SD = 6.6 years]) 4 weeks after TKA. Monthly follow-up sessions, via face-to-face or telephone interviews, were implemented to obtain data on fall incidence over 6 months.ResultsTwenty-three individuals after TKA (17.2%) sustained at least 1 fall during the 6-month follow-up period. The median time of the first fall episode was 15 weeks after TKA. Of the 31 fall episodes, most occurred during walking (67.7%). Slipping (35.5%) and tripping (35.5%) were identified as the most frequent causes of falling. Most falls occurred at home (45.2%) or another indoor environment (29.0%). Multivariate binary logistic regression revealed that younger age (odds ratio: 0.91), reduced proprioception of the knee that had undergone surgery (“operated knee”) (odds ratio: 1.62), reduced sensory orientation (odds ratio: 0.92), and greater operated knee pain (odds ratio: 1.68) were significantly associated with more falls during the follow-up period.LimitationsThe results of this study may be generalizable up to 6 months after TKA.ConclusionsIntervention efforts should target deficits in knee proprioception and sensory orientation and operated knee pain to prevent future falls in individuals with TKA.
Avoiding Neurovascular Risk During Percutaneous Clamp Reduction of Spiral Tibial Shaft Fractures: An Anatomic Correlation With Computed Tomography
Authors: Horrigan Patrick B. , Coughlan Monica J. , DeBaun Malcolm R. , Schultz Blake , Bishop Julius A. , Gardner Michael J. 
Published: June 2018

Summary:
The use of percutaneous clamps is often a helpful tool to aid reduction and intramedullary nailing of distal tibial spiral diaphyseal fractures. However, the anterior and posterior neurovascular bundles are at risk without careful clamp placement. We describe our preferred technique of percutaneous clamp reduction for distal spiral tibial fractures with a distal posterolateral fracture spike, with care to protect the adjacent neurovascular structures. We also investigated the relationship between these neurovascular structures and the site of common percutaneous clamp placement. Preoperative computed tomography images of surgically managed patients who sustained this specific common fracture pattern (distal third spiral diaphyseal tibia fracture with a posterolateral fragment) were retrospectively reviewed. On computed tomography, we extrapolated the ideal virtual clamp site on the posterolateral fracture fragment to facilitate reduction. The average distance of this clamp position from the anterior neurovascular bundle was 14 mm (SD = 7.6), with a range of 6–32 mm. The average distance of the clamp site from the posterior neurovascular bundle was 19 mm (SD = 6.1), with a range of 11–30 mm. In 31% of patients, the distal fragment's apex extended anterior to the interosseous membrane, and in 69% of patients, the apex was posterior to the interosseous membrane. We also describe our preferred surgical technique with percutaneous clamping and tibial nailing, which involves sliding the posterolateral tine of the percutaneous clamp along the lateral tibial cortex to prevent neurovascular bundle injury.
Early-Life Somatic Complaints: Longitudinal Associations with Maternal and Child Psychopathology
Authors: Engel Melissa L. , Winiarski Dominika A. , Reidy Brooke L. , Brennan Patricia A. 
Published: June 2018

ABSTRACT:

Objective:
Somatic complaints, often associated with concurrent and future internalizing symptoms and disorders in adult samples, were examined longitudinally from preschool to school age in a sample of children at an increased familial risk for psychopathology. The behavioral correlates and sex differences of somatic complaints and the persistence of these complaints across early childhood were examined.

Method:
A longitudinal sample of 185 mothers completed a laboratory visit when children were preschool aged and an online follow-up when children were school aged. Mothers were assessed for psychopathology, and mothers and secondary caregivers reported on children's somatic complaints, anxiety, and depression at both time points.

Results:
A high rate of child's somatic complaints was noted in this sample, with similar rates in males and females. Regression analyses revealed that somatic complaints at preschool predicted somatic complaints, anxiety, and depression at school age, and sex did not moderate these relationships. Overall, maternal psychopathology predicted somatic complaints, but findings were inconsistent across reporters, time points, and types of maternal psychopathology. Evidence for maternal reporting bias was mixed.

Conclusion:
The association between preschool-age somatic complaints and school-age internalizing symptoms suggests the potential utility of early detection and treatment of somatic complaints, particularly for young children at an increased familial risk for developing internalizing disorders. Pediatric primary care is an ideal setting for these early intervention efforts.
Actinomycosis in Cancer Patients
Authors: Farazmand Cyrus , Klinkova Olga , Denham James D. , Nanjappa Sowmya , Greene John N. 
Published: June 2018

Introduction
Actinomycosis is a condition characterized by chronic granulomatous infection, frequently with the formation of abscesses, tissue fibrosis, and draining sinuses. The most common presentation in the immunocompetent host is a cervicofacial form. However, this disease can affect any body site. Very little is known about actinomycosis features in immunocompromised patients.

Materials and Methods
We performed a retrospective chart review of 65 patients from an academic cancer hospital who had positive diagnostic testing for Actinomyces species. Of those 65 patients, 46 were ultimately diagnosed with frank actinomycosis and the remaining 19 patients were considered colonized. We reviewed patient characteristics, clinical and radiographic presentations, and response to antibiotic therapy.

Results
Pulmonary actinomycosis was the most common clinical presentation and, based on the radiological presentation, malignancy was often included in the differential diagnosis. A majority of the patients included in this report had a positive clinical response to prolonged antibiotic therapy.

Discussion
As expected, distinguishing clinically significant disease from colonization proves quite complex. As stated previously, 19 patients of 65 were thought to have colonization or contamination of the sample. The factors influencing clinicians to make the decision not to treat were not always clear in these cases. In some, the presence of abnormal imaging findings without symptoms appears to have been a major determinant in the decision to consider a positive culture as contamination instead of infection. Until more definitive criteria are delineated in the literature, diagnosis and treatment of actinomycosis rely on a combination of clinical and radiographic findings.
Evidence-Based Practice in Forensic Mental Health Nursing: A Critical Review
Authors: Byrt Richard , Spencer-Stiles Theresa A. , Ismail Ismail 
Published: June 2018

Method
Literature searches of databases, particularly CINAHL, using key phrases were undertaken.

Results
Some authors argue that there is a lack of evidence in forensic mental health (FMH) nursing, with few randomized controlled trials and other methods providing definitive, generalizable evidence. However, literature searches revealed randomized controlled trials of relevance to FMH nursing, many qualitative studies by FMH nurses, and arguments for clinical experience and knowledge of service users, and the latter's views, as sources of evidence.

Discussion and Implications for Nursing Practice
Research findings can be applied to practice, both directly and indirectly. Examples are given of ways that evidence can be used to inform FMH nursing interventions related to therapeutic ward environments, including communication, therapeutic relationships, preventing retraumatization, and enabling physical health. The complex nature of “evidence” is considered in relation to risk assessment and management.

Conclusions for Nursing Practice
FMH nursing can be based on a wide range of sources of evidence. The types of evidence used in practice depend on individual service users' needs and views. In evaluating evidence, it is necessary to be aware of its complex, diverse nature. A distinction can be made between definitive, widely generalizable research findings and evidence with limited generalizability, requiring FMH nurses' judgments about whether it is applicable to their own area of practice. Recommendations for related education and research are made.
Implementing Same Day Discharge Following Percutaneous Coronary Intervention
Authors: Chen Yingyan , Lin Frances , Marshall Andrea 
Published: June 2018

Background:
The safety and effectiveness of same day discharge (SDD) following percutaneous coronary intervention are well demonstrated; however, the uptake of this model of care is low.

Purpose:
The aim was to examine the effectiveness of implementing SDD using a process evaluation methodology.

Methods:
This study was undertaken in a cardiac services department of a tertiary teaching hospital in southeast Queensland, Australia. It was anticipated before the implementation that 120 patients could be discharged the same day in a 6 months' time period. Patient selection process and guideline adherence were assessed along with patients' and relatives' satisfaction.

Results:
During implementation, 22 patients were discharged home the same day. It was found that staff did not follow the guideline consistently, with an overall adherence of 77.3%.

Conclusion:
The uptake of SDD was low in this implementation. The study is important as it provides direction for future improvement both in the criteria and the implementation process.