bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Influence of Reactive and Maximum Strength Indicators on Sprint Performance
Authors: Healy Robin , Smyth Carol , Kenny Ian C. , Harrison Andrew J. 
Published: June 2018

Abstract
Healy, R, Smyth, C, Kenny, IC, and Harrison, AJ. Influence of reactive and maximum strength indicators on sprint performance. J Strength Cond Res 33(11): 3039–3048, 2019—The primary aim of this study was to assess the relationship between reactive and maximal strength measures with 40 m sprint performance and mechanical properties. Fourteen male and 14 female sprinters participated in this study. On the first day, subjects performed 40 m sprints with 10-m split times recorded in addition to maximal theoretical velocity, maximal theoretical force and peak horizontal power, which were calculated from force–velocity relationships. On the second day, subjects performed isometric midthigh pulls (IMTPs) with peak force (PF) and relative PF calculated, drop jumps (DJs) and vertical hopping where the reactive strength index (RSI) was calculated as jump height (JH) divided by contact time (CT). Pearson correlations were used to assess the relationships between measures and independent samples t-tests were used to assess the differences between men and women. No significant correlations were found between DJ and hopping RSI and sprint measures. A significant strong positive correlation was found between IMTP PF and peak horizontal power in men only (r = 0.61). The male sprinters performed significantly better in all recorded measures apart from hopping (CT, JH and RSI) and DJ CT where no significant differences were found. The lack of association between reactive and maximal strength measures with sprint performance is potentially because of the test's prolonged CTs relative to sprinting and the inability to assess the technical application of force. Several methods of assessing reactive strength are needed that can better represent the demands of the distinct phases of sprinting e.g., acceleration, maximum velocity.
Persinggungan Hak Budaya dan Hak Politik Dalam Pemilihan Umum dengan Sistem Noken Di Provinsi Papua
Authors: Multazim Zaimi 
Published: June 2018

Abstrak. Persinggungan Hak Budaya dan Hak Politik Dalam Pemilihan Umum dengan Sistem Noken Di Provinsi Papua. Pemilu dengan sistem noken telah dilaksanakan di Papua sejak PEPERA tahun 1969. Berlanjut pada saat pemilu pertama kalinya di Papua, sistem noken ini juga digunakan. Sistem ini dilaksanakan dengan cara permusyawaratan antara kepala suku dengan masyarakat. Uniknya, setelah permusyawaratan dilakukan, kepala suku akan memasukkan seluruh surat suara masyarakat ke dalam salah satu kantung (noken) yang telah disediakan. Dalam kasus seperti ini, Mahkamah konstitusi (MK) pada Tahun 2009, melalui Putusan MK Nomor 47-81/PHPU.A-VII/2009 ternyata telah mengakomodir hasil pemilu yang menggunakan sistem ini. Mahkamah Konstitusi berpendapat bahwa sistem noken telah menjadi nilai dan budaya yang hidup di Papua, sehingga harus dihargai dan dilindungi. Namun, dikeluarkannya putusan ini telah menimbulkan pro dan kontra di tengah masyarakat. Di satu sisi sistem noken merupakan budaya yang telah lama hidup pada Masyarakat Papua, tetapi di sisi lain sistem ini telah menghilang hak pilih individu secara langsung dan telah menabrak asas pemilu “luber jurdil”. Kata Kunci: Noken, Papua, Pemilu
Entrevista a Ana Catalina Reyes Cárdenas: “…los historiadores deben trabajar… en lograr que la historia, como conocimiento, vuelva ser parte del pensum escolar”
Authors: Ramírez Bacca Renzo 
Published: June 2018

Ana Catalina Reyes Cárdenas es una profesora-investigadora que sobresale en el gremio de los historiadores colombianos. En el XVIII Congreso Colombiano de Historia, realizado en Medellín entre el 10 y 13 de octubre de 2017, recibió la distinción Jaime Jaramillo Uribe por haber “contribuido de manera decisiva y sobresaliente a divulgar y prestigiar el oficio de Historiador y la disciplina de la Historia”. No es la única distinción recibida. Un año antes fue distinguida como Profesora Emérita por la Universidad Nacional de Colombia, donde hizo sus estudios de pregrado y maestría en Historia. Ha recibido el Premio a la Excelencia Académica Nacional y la Medalla al Mérito Universitario por la misma universidad, así como la Medalla al Mérito Femenino por la Alcaldía de Medellín en 2009.
Movilidad y circulación geográfica. Niños y jóvenes en la provincia de Buenos Aires (Argentina), 1880-1919
Authors: De Paz Trueba Yolanda Edith , Bracamonte Lucía 
Published: June 2018

En los pueblos del interior de la provincia de Buenos Aires, buscar la ayuda de allegados, parientes, asilos o Defensorías de Menores para criar a los hijos, fueron opciones generalizadas. Este artículo explora las distintas intervenciones que diversos actores sociales, institucionales y estatales ejercieron sobre tales situaciones entre fines del siglo XIX y las primeras décadas del XX, con especial énfasis en la movilidad de niños y jóvenes que implicaron esas estrategias. La investigación presentada se basa en el análisis de elementos dispersos en documentos pertenecientes a Juzgados de Menores y de Paz, fuentes primarias de instituciones asilares y artículos periodísticos. Se concluye que existía una preocupación extendida por la situación de los menores de edad considerados en riesgo, lo cual habilitó intervenciones sobre sus personas. Como resultado de esos procesos, se advierte una alta movilidad de niños y jóvenes por diversos espacios geográficos y redes de sociabilidad.
Salud sexual y reproductiva de adolescentes en Chile: el rol de la educación sexual
Authors: Obach King Alexandra , Sadler Michelle , Jofré Natalia 
Published: June 2018

Objetivos Indagar sobre las percepciones de adolescentes en torno a la educación sexual en la Región Metropolitana de Chile y el rol de los sectores de salud y educación en esta materia.Métodos Estudio cualitativo etnográfico, cuyo trabajo de campo se llevó a cabo en cinco comunas de la Región Metropolitana de Chile, en cada una de las cuales se abordó unEspacio Amigable para atención adolescente. Se utilizaron las técnicas de entrevistassemi-estructuradas (N=38), grupos de discusión (N=5) y observación participante. Resultados Se identificó una percepción negativa por parte de adolescentes respecto a la educación sexual que reciben. Sostienen la necesidad de información en salud sexual y reproductiva que cubra en profundidad las dimensiones tanto biológicas como emocionales y afectivas de la sexualidad, superando enfoques conservadores y de riesgo en torno a la sexualidad. Se identificaron estrategias innovadoras en salud, centradas en las escuelas, donde los sectores de salud y educación trabajan de manera colaborativa en materia de educación sexual.Discusión Cuando los sectores de salud y educación trabajan de manera colaborativa y coordinada, se da una mejor respuesta a las necesidades de adolescentes en materia deinformación y educación sexual. Si bien este trabajo intersectorial constituye un avance, está pendiente el desafío de incorporar las voces de los adolescentes y sus comunidades, con el fin de planificar programas y políticas de educación sexual que se basen en sus experiencias vitales, avanzando con ello hacia los derechos sexuales y reproductivos de este grupo.
ON THE IMPACT OF SILICA AND BLACK CARBIDE IN IMPROVING THE ANTI-VIBRATION OF THE RUBBER BLENDS BASED ON NATURAL RUBBER (NR) AND STYRENE BUTADIENE RUBBER (SBR)
Authors: Tu Le Ngoc 
Published: June 2018

This paper presents some results on the survey of the impact of silica and black carbide on the mechanical – physical properties and vibration resistance of the rubber blended on natural rubber (NR) and synthetic styrene butadiene rubber (SBR), for application in manufacturing diesel engine mounts. Based on this research, the article also introduces some results in building up anti-vibration rubber and the process of diesel engine mounts manufacture. Development of the method to test the vibration resistance of the diesel engine mounts has initially resulted in some good results such as the natural frequencies are lower than 20 Hz and the damping factor is higher than 10.
DERIVATION VIABILITY OF RESISTANT STARCH FROM SOME COMMON FRUIT SEEDS IN VIET NAM FOR INDUSTRIAL PRODUCTION
Authors: Ngoc Hoi Nguyen Thi 
Published: June 2018

The study aimed to compare the ability of extracting resistant starch (RS) from three common fruit seeds in Vietnam, namely avocado, jackfruit and mango seed. Avocado (Persea Americana) seeds, jackfruit (Artocarpus heterophyllus) seeds and mango (Mangifera indica L.) seeds were collected from local markets in Ho Chi Minh City, processed and extracted of starch. Three starch granules were then analyzed for RS content according to AOAC Standard 2002.02. Simultaneously, the effects of temperature (100, 120 oC), time (10, 15, 20 minutes) and heating methods (drying, steaming) on RS content in three starch granules were also investigated to evaluate heat-stability of these RS. The content of RS (% dry matter) in avocado seeds, jackfruit seeds and mango seeds was 23.59 %, 27.06 % and 32.12 %, respectively. Heat-stability of avocado seed RS was the least, mean while heat-stability of mango seed RS and jackfruit seed RS were higher and similar. The RS content slightly decreases after 10 and 15 minutes of heating, but significantly decreases after 20 minutes of heating. Drying reduces the RS content of the materials more than steaming. The results suggest that jackfruit seed seems to be better than avocado and mango seeds in the content and heat-stability of RS. Further studies should be conducted to choose a potential seed type for building an RS extracting processing in industrial production.
PREPARATION OF POLYAMIDE11/BAMBOO FLOUR POLYMER COMPOSITE USING POLYVINYL ALCOHOL AS COMPATIBILIZER
Authors: Huynh Mai Duc 
Published: June 2018

In this work, the effects of bamboo flour (BF) and polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) contents on the tensile strength, impact strength, thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) and dynamic mechanical thermal analysis (DMTA) of polyamide 11/BF composites were studied in detail. The PVA was added into PA11/BF composites by two methods: (i) melt mixing with the other components in Haake mixer (one-step method); (ii) dispersing on the surface of BF in ethanol solution before mixing with PA11 in the melted state (two-step method). The investigation of mechanical properties showed the tensile strength of composites prepared by two-step method was higher than that of one-step method, while the trend for impact strength was opposite. On the other hand, DMTA analyses exhibited the enhacement of the compatibility of PA11/BF sample by observing the shift of peaks at the b relaxation around -80 oC due to the presence of PVA. This led to the increase of thermal stability of PA11/PVA/BF composites in comparison with PA11/BF composites.
Discapacidad y accesibilidad universal. La unión perfecta
Authors: López Cala Guillermo , Grande Gascón María Luisa , Calero García María José 
Published: June 2018

España es un país con un modelo de atención y bienestar social basado en los derechos humanos, cuyo objetivo entre otros es la no discriminación y la igualdad de oportunidades. Tradicionalmente las personas con discapacidad o diversidad funcional han estado sujetas de prejuicios, encontrándose en muchas circunstancias en situación de vulnerabilidad social, sufriendo discriminación y exclusión con una disminución en su calidad de vida y con problemas para acceder a determinados servicios, productos y lugares. Por lo tanto, creemos que es fundamental tener en cuenta que hay que mejorar constantemente y de forma inmediata y exponencial, la situación de los entornos productos y servicios destinados a combatir o paliar de alguna manera los distintos grados de discapacidad. Y esa mejora puede aparecer desde la aplicación y desarrollo del concepto Accesibilidad Universal. Es necesario por tanto reflexionar sobre si nuestra sociedad está siendo capaz de desarrollar y realizar acciones e intervenciones administrativas, legislativas, políticas, económicas, educativas y de información y concienciación social, etc., en lo concerniente a la Accesibilidad Universal y la Diversidad Funcional. Por otra parte, las deficiencias de nuestra sociedad y la falta de solidaridad e implementación en la puesta en marcha y mantenimiento de las políticas orientadas hacia las personas con diversidad funcional es a veces un importante hándicap para el correcto cuidado de estos. Esto hace que nuestra sociedad no aparezca como justa, equitativa, global, responsable y garante de los derechos fundamentales de todos los ciudadanos por igual ante cualquier tipo de discapacidad.
La dignidad como principio fundamental de la condición de ciudadanía de las personas con discapacidad intelectual
Authors: Amezcua Aguilar Teresa , García-Domingo Marta , Fuentes Gutiérrez Virginia 
Published: June 2018

La desigualdad de las personas con discapacidad intelectual persiste a pesar de los logros alcanzados en las últimas décadas. Partimos de la premisa de que dicha desigualdad se debe, en gran medida, a que el concepto de dignidad, objeto de una evolución continuada a lo largo de la historia, continúa siendo confuso. Es por ello que el presente trabajo se propone analizar el concepto de dignidad desde una perspectiva histórica, hasta situarse en el contexto actual. A través de una revisión bibliográfica sistemática y del análisis de entrevistas exploratorias realizadas a informantes claves, abordamos los diferentes análisis teóricos sobre el concepto de dignidad que han respaldado los modelos de atención a la discapacidad a lo largo del tiempo. Entre los principales resultados encontramos que, de una significación jerárquica y de rango social de la dignidad -propuesta por los teóricos clásicos-, se pasa a definirla como un valor interno que hace único al ser humano como ser racional, con capacidad de elección y autónomo. Concluimos del análisis que los cambios de perspectiva sobre la dignidad sirven para acotar los posibles peligros que pueden vulnerar al ser humano, pero siguen siendo insuficientes a la hora de extender los derechos a una esfera más amplia que la personal.
Clinico-epidemiological study of extramedullary disease manifestations in childhood acute lymphoblastic leukaemia in a tertiary care centre
Authors: Acharya Suchi , Maiti Dipshikha , Datta Supratim 
Published: June 2018

Background: Data on extramedullary manifestation of acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) in Indian children are very limited, authors analyzed the clinical, epidemiological and immunophenotype profile of these manifestations in our pediatric patients.Methods: This was a prospective observational study in which data of 46 children with ALL, aged 0 to 14 years were analysed.Results: Among the total 46 patients of ALL admitted 86.95% presented with extra medullary features. Definite male preponderance (67.5%) was observed, 80% patients were aged between one to ten years. Common extra medullary features included hepatomegaly (95%), followed by splenomegaly (77%), lymphadenopathy (58%), arthritis (17.5%), and CNS involvement in 5%. Mediastinal mass was seen in 5 %. Majority of them (67.5%) had White blood cell (WBC) count less than 20,000/mcL. 92.5% were Pre B ALL, while T ALL was seen in three (7.5%) patients. Out of these three T cell ALL two presented with mediastinal mass and one with CNS leukemia.Conclusions: The clinicians must be aware of the constellation of different extramedullary features to diagnose ALL. Early diagnosis and prompt treatment may improve the clinical outcome in these patients. Authors suggest larger multi-centric studies to understand the clinical and laboratory profile of extramedullary disease in ALL for better risk stratification to help in risk-adopted therapy.
Comparison study on efficacy of UNICEF specified therapeutic food (F-75/F-100) with traditionally used home based food in management of severe acute malnutrition
Authors: Shukla Anand , Rao Y. K. 
Published: June 2018

Background: The management of malnutrition depends on its severity. While mild to moderate malnutrition can be managed on ambulatory basis, severe malnutrition is preferably managed in hospital settings. This study was undertaken to find the magnitude of SAM in children (6 months to 60 months) and to compare the UNICEF specified therapeutic food (F-75/F-100) with traditionally used home based food in treatment of severe acute malnutrition.Methods: This prospective and observational study was conducted in the Department of Pediatrics of G.S.V.M. Medical College, L.L.R. and Associated Hospitals, Kanpur. Logarithmic transformation was achieved by SPSS 20.Results: The prevalence of SAM in children between 6 months to 60 months of age to be 18%. Clinical spectrum of SAM showed 95.24% of marasmus 3.57% of Kwashiorkor and 1.19% of marasmic kwashiorkor. There was significant increase in weight of hospitalized patient receiving F75/F100 at 28 days of follow up. Weight gain was not statistically significant in patients treated at home.Conclusions: SAM should preferably be treated in hospital with appropriate therapy rather than home based management.
Nutritional status assessment of children aged 0-5 years and its determinants in a tribal community of Coimbatore district
Authors: Senthilkumar S. K. , Chacko Thomas V. , Suvetha K. 
Published: June 2018

Background: Nutritional assessment in children is very important to prevent nutritional disorders and to decrease the morbidity and mortality. The present study was undertaken to assess the prevalence and determinants of malnutrition among children aged 0-5 years in a tribal community of Coimbatore district. Anaikatty and Palamalai tribal areas of Perianaikenpalayam block (population=347062) was selected for our study.Methods: A total of 206 children aged 0-5 years were included in the study after implementing the exclusion criteria.Results: Overall prevalence of malnutrition found to be 51%. These 51% (105) malnourished children consisted of 41.3% underweight, of which 11.2% were severely underweight. Prevalence of stunting was 32.5%, of which 6.3% were severely stunted. About 21.8% children were wasted and 6.8% were severely wasted among them. Socio-demographic factors like total number of family members exceeding four, mother’s educational status, father’s educational status, mother’s occupational status, socio-economic status, alcohol usage by any family member, and mother’s nutritional status were found to be significantly associated with malnutrition on univariate analysis.Conclusions: The problems of low standard of living, hunger, starvation, malnutrition, agricultural illiteracy, poor antenatal care, disease, poor sanitary and housing facilities, etc. has to be improved totally by implementation of policy that already exists.
Evaluating legal literacy programmes - aims, challenges, models and a call to action
Authors: Grimes Richard 
Published: June 2018

<p>Generally speaking, if one asks most people whether improving public understanding of the law and legal system is a good thing, most hands will go up. This is perhaps no surprise. An improved level of legal literacy should not only raise awareness of rights and responsibilities but may well provide people with more of an informed choice about what to do if they encounter legal issues. It might give those concerned the tools and confidence to address some of these problems themselves through self-help and it may address, at least to some degree, inequalities that otherwise exist. Overall, improving levels of legal literacy could enhance access to justice more generally. The generic term often ascribed to raising legal awareness amongst the wider population is public legal education (PLE).</p><p><br />There is a wealth of anecdotal material suggesting that all of the above is highly relevant and impactful but there is little by way of clear empirical evidence to substantiate such claims. <br />This article will look at the need for, and means of, developing such an evidence base and ends with a plea for more research, sharing of ideas and collaboration in terms of evaluating PLE.</p>
Piesis Sign Distinguishing Non-Ischemic Priapism in a Child
Authors: Sfoungaris Dimitrios , Valioulis Ioannis , Patoulias Ioannis 
Published: June 2018

To differentiate between non-ischemic and ischemic priapism is imperative in clinical settings because the treatment of these two conditions is different and urgency of treatment too. Patient’s history and Doppler color flow ultrasound contribute to the diagnosis. However, in situations where radiological investigations are not readily available in odd hours, a clinical test described in this report, the Piesis test, may be convenient. We herein report a 10-year-old boy with non-ischemic priapism diagnosed successfully with Piesis test.
Evaluation of Mucosal Humoral and Cellular Immune Responses to HIV in External Secretions and Mucosal Tissues
Authors: Sabbaj Steffanie , Mestecky Jiri 
Published: June 2018

<P&gt;The mucosal immune systems of the genital and intestinal tracts are considered as the most frequent sites of HIV-1 entry, displaying remarkable immunological differences in the systemic immune compartment which must be considered in the evaluation of humoral and cellular immune responses to HIV- 1. Marked differences in the fluids from the genital and intestinal tracts and in plasma with respect to the Ig isotypes, their levels, molecular forms and distinct effector functions must be taken into consideration in the evaluation and interpretation of humoral immune responses. Because of the low levels and highly pronounced variation in Ig content, HIV-1-specific antibody concentrations should always be related to the levels of total Ig of a given isotype. This practice will avoid inevitable differences due to the small volumes of collected fluids and sample dilution during the collection and processing of samples from external secretions. Furthermore, appropriate controls and immunochemical assays should be used to complement and confirm results generated by ELISA, which is prone to false positivity. In the evaluation of antibodymediated virus neutralization in external secretions, precautions and rigorous controls must be used to exclude the effect of innate humoral factors.The evaluation of cell-mediated immune responses in mucosal tissues is difficult due to the low yields of cells obtained from tissue biopsies or cytobrush scrapings. Furthermore, tissue biopsies of, for example, rectal mucosa, provide information pertaining exclusively to this local site, which due to the differences in the distribution of cells of different phenotypes, does not provide generalized information to the entire intestinal tract. Importantly, studies concerning the kinetics of cellular responses are difficult to perform due to the limited availability of samples or the inability of obtaining frequently repeated tissue biopsies. For sampling the female genital tract, parallel collection of menstrual and peripheral blood yields high numbers of cells that permit their detailed phenotypic and functional analyses. In contrast to tissue biopsies, this non-traumatic collection procedure results in high cell yields and repeated monthly sampling permits extensive and parallel functional studies of kinetics and unique characteristics of HIV-1-specific cellular responses in the female genital tract and peripheral blood.