bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Influence of the basalt fibre and fly ash on the structural properties of sustainable high-strength concrete
Authors: Pallavi Charitha S. , Vijaya Kumar S. 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
The present article describes the experimental research carried out to investigate the properties of concrete containing basalt fibre reinforcement and concrete containing basalt fibres and fly ash additives. Each test was done as per Indian standards (IS-516). The experiments sought to establish both fresh and hardened concrete properties. In respect of new concrete, slump, setting time, bleeding, temperature, and density were estimated to check its quality. Compressive, flexural and split tensile strength are the three main parameters for assessing those qualities in a solidified state. It was determined that the utilization of fly ash with 20%, 30% or 40% proportions of cement involved resulted in a stronger concrete mixture. To these samples, different contents of basalt fibres 0.25%, 0.5%, and 0.75% by volume were added respectively. Standard samples were cast, cured and tested accordingly. Thus, the studies show that it is possible to mix concrete with basalt fibres without any segregation or balling effect on it or even sticking together during the mixing processes. Modestly increased splitting tensile and bending strengths have been obtained due to the introduction of basalt fibres on this composite material using which improved workability can be achieved more rapidly than conventional hydration reactions based solely upon Portland Cement chemistry, moreover, thermal stability has also been considerably enhanced, besides that even basic physical-chemical properties should be very much similar to those of ordinary Portland cement. Based materials thus ensuring better compatibility during processing from raw constituents towards final composites up-to-date with known technological aspects related specifically towards production practices carried out in developing countries like India. Such situations usually result primarily due to poor engineering control exercised over construction activities. Resulting problems areas namely joint locations limited access space between steel reinforcement bars inside walls. So often appearing weak points in overall design yield inadequate structural performance compared to intended specifications. Another reason why sustainable building methods cannot be fully adopted has been found that they lack proper skilled manpower despite having all necessary resources that are easily renewable. By compared with traditional ones made up of non-renewable sources such as fossil fuels. However, fly ash used in place of concrete only makes it harder without improving workability and strength at the optimum percentage.
Assessing the impact and response to the disaster in Mananthavady Town: A Case Study
Authors: Bigith V.B. , Sooraj G. , Nainwal Rajat , Kumara H.S. 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
The study aims to assess the impact of a disaster on Mananthavady town, Kerala, and the response taken by the authorities to mitigate the effects of the disaster. The disaster in occurred in Wayanad was a severe flood that occurred in May 2018, which affected several regions of Kerala. The study uses a case study approach to examine the disaster’s impact on Mananthavady town, including the damage to infrastructure, loss of life and livelihoods, and the community’s resilience. Additionally, the study helps the government and local organizations to support the affected community and promote their recovery. The findings of the study contribute to the understanding of disaster management practices and their effectiveness in addressing the challenges posed by natural disasters.
Enhancing concrete performance and sustainability through carbonation curing: Effects of fly ash incorporation and mechanical properties evaluation
Authors: Joyson Silva P. , Sukumar Binu , Hemamathi A. , Ram Shankar P. , Aakash Bommu , Chaithanya Janda , Shanmugam P. B. 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
This research paper intends to assess the characteristics of various concrete samples exposed to carbonation curing. Carbonation curing is a technique used to quicken the solidifying process of concrete by exposing it to carbon dioxide. Concrete treated with carbonation exhibits mechanical and durability properties superior to those treated with moisture. In this study, carbonation-treated concrete was prepared by initially pre-curing and then subjecting it to carbonation curing. The research encompassed testing different properties of concrete specimens treated with carbonation, including compressive strength, tensile strength, and carbonation resistance. The addition of Fly Ash (FA) is renowned for enhancing the durability of reinforced concrete as supplementary contentious materials. In this investigation, concrete cubes were prepared with and without partial substitution of cement by Fly Ash and were encased in plastic covers tightly sealed to prevent air ingress, undergoing carbonation in a controlled environment. Results revealed that the compressive strength of carbonation-treated concrete exceeded that of moisture-cured concrete by 15% to 20% at the same age. These findings indicate that carbonation curing holds promise for enhancing concrete performance in specific applications.
Effect of infill walls on seismic performance of RC framed buildings
Authors: Bala Balaji Y. , Prasad S. A. V. , Kavitha B. 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
Infill walls are masonry walls constructed to fill the gaps between the structural frames. In structural analysis, these walls are considered non-structural members as they do not participate in the load transfer mechanism. These walls offer considerable resistance in terms of a diagonal strut when the bounding frame experiences lateral loads. This study focuses on the effect of infill walls on the seismic parameters by modelling different infill wall configurations of G+6 buildings by considering the infill resistance as a pin-jointed strut using SAP2000 software. The results from the response spectrum analysis of these models emphasized the importance of infill walls and their configuration in the seismic resistance of buildings.
Analysis and Design of Floating Concrete and its Applications
Authors: Rayabharapu Vijay Kumar , Petluru Prasanthi , Pallapu Kavya Sudha , Mella Bharat Sai 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
The main object of this paper is to experimentally explore the optimal design of light weight aggregate concrete, considering its compressive strength and density. This Project deals with the development of Floating type of concrete by using less weighted aggregates such as expanded clay, perlite, vermiculite, EPS beads etc. The usage of light weight aggregates has drastically reduced the overall mass of concrete when compared to nominal concrete. However, attaining the characteristic strength of nominal concrete was indeed a challenge. Numerous concrete test cubes of size 0.15×0.15×0.15 m3 were cast using cementitious materials and aggregates of different proportions and their characteristic compressive strength was tabulated. The appropriate mix design having adequate compressive strength and floating property was selected. This mix had a density of 866.63 kg/m3 and a compressive strength of 12.45 MPa which is quite optimal in comparison to the rest of the mixes.
Seismic analysis of vertically irregular RCC high-rise buildings: A study with provision of FVD at various locations
Authors: Ramanjaneyulu Batchu , Prasad Achina , Satish keshagoni , Keertan Tirukovela Sai , Bommisetty Jagadeesh 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
Irregular buildings are a significant part of urban infrastructure, often resulting from architectural, functional, and economic constraints. Among these, structures embracing vertical irregularities are predominantly receptive to dynamic loads, with earthquakes being the most damaging event. The dynamic forces acting on a structure during an earthquake generate vibrations and increase the energy within the structure. The primary role of a structure is to withstand these lateral loads and transmit them to the foundation. To enhance the seismic performance of such structures, various energy dissipation systems are employed to absorb and dissipate the released energy, thereby improving the building’s response to earthquake forces. This study focuses on the use of Fluid Viscous Dampers (FVDs) to dissipate energy from the structure. It involves a comparative analysis of effect due to inclusive and non-inclusiveness of fluid viscous dampers at various locations for Set-Back and Step-Back type vertical irregular high-rise buildings. The analysis aims to study key response parameters such as modal time-period, storey displacement, mode type, storey shear, torsional irregularity, and storey drift using ETABS software. The primary objective is to enhance understanding of the seismic behaviour of high-rise reinforced concrete structures with vertical irregularities and Fluid Viscous Dampers (FVDs) at different locations.
Properties and eco-cost effectiveness of concrete containing waste blast furnace slag and demolition waste
Authors: Majhi Rajib Kumar , Dash Saine Sikta , Moharana Madhusmita , Das Shiv Sankar 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
This work aims to develop eco-friendly, cost-effective concrete using ground granulated blast furnace slag (GGBFS) and recycled coarse aggregate (RCA). Seven concrete mixes are prepared with different combinations of RCA and GGBFS. Properties like 28-day compressive strength, rapid chloride permeability and abrasion resistance have been studied. Physical and microstructural investigations have been carried out to justify the variation in the properties. Moreover, environmental impact and cost-effective analyses are performed. It is found that the strength of concrete mix with 50% RCA and 45% GGBFS closely satisfies the desired strength for M25 grade concrete. Also, the mix has shown good resistance against abrasion and chloride permeability. Physical examination reveals that ITZ has played a significant role in the strength variation. Similarly, microstructural investigation reveals that the formation of voids due to RCA and the filling of the voids by GGBFS are the two phenomena responsible for variation in durability. Further, the negative environmental impacts and cost of concrete can be reduced up to 62.93% and 11.9%, respectively, compared to the control concrete using RCA and GGBFS. Since this mix provides desired strength and durability, environmental benefit and cost benefit over normal concrete, this concrete becomes eco-cost efficient.
Utilization of e-waste as a partial replacement of coarse aggregate in concrete
Authors: Hinge Pawan , Thakur Keshar , Humane Rutuja , Tikle Vibhati , Shrirame Aditya , Chafle Suraj , Dharammali Umesh , Rathod Rohan 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
One of the fastest waste streams to generate and amass is electronic garbage, or “E-waste,” which is growing exponentially. This is a result of the development and expansion of other technical sectors as well as the information technology industry. In many places, improper handling such as open burning of e-waste and uncontrolled landfill disposal accelerates the release of greenhouse gases (GHG) into the sky, which is a direct cause of global warming. It presents serious worldwide environmental challenges. There is a thirty percent increase in the production of electronic waste, or “E-waste”. 90% of e-waste is collected and 70% is recycled in India, where the informal sector handles the majority of E-waste management. Important steps must be taken for the treatment of E-waste to decrease the volume of waste and reuse it for other purposes. This paper gives a review of how the repurposed E-waste used as a partial replacement in concrete affects the various properties of concrete.
Promoting Critical Conversations About SMART Goals in Clinical Simulations
Authors: Parker Vanessa L , Hsieh Wan-Jung , Carrington Allison A 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
Effective clinical practice involves integrating a variety of knowledge and skills, beginning with a clear definition of the presenting problem(s) from which clinical goals are developed. Goals that are specific, measurable, achievable, realistic, and time sensitive (SMART) are more likely to promote client success. This chapter features the use of simulations in a master’s of social work (MSW) program as a pedagogical approach for teaching SMART goals. Students participated in simulated sessions with tailored case scenarios integrated with cultural and diversity considerations. Evaluation included surveys and participation in focus groups to assess their overall experience with the simulation; understanding of SMART goals; skill enhancement; and themes related to diversity, cultural, and ethical considerations. Students shared that simulations helped them apply skills to formulate SMART goals in a more natural learning environment.
Using Simulations in Teaching Program Evaluation to MSW Students
Authors: Bui Tuyen 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
This chapter describes how simulations were used to teach program evaluation, building logic models, and needs assessments. It highlights the challenges, including anxiety and a lack of perceived relevance to clinical practice, faced by social work students in research-related courses. However, with the help of simulations, students can learn the intricacies of program evaluation and overcome their concerns. The chapter describes overcoming the challenges of implementing simulations in a macro practice course for the first time and doing so virtually. It was found that the students enthusiastically supported simulations and critically appraised the benefits of the simulations in building the knowledge and necessary skills to create a logic model and needs assessment within program evaluation.
Bringing Macro Social Work Education Into the Future Through Simulations
Authors: Iverson Melissa , Laursen Tiffany 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
This chapter explores the use of simulations in elevating macro social work education. It specifically focuses on the development and implementation of simulations within two distinct courses: a master of social work (MSW) Policy Practice and Advocacy course and a bachelor of social work (BSW) Social Entrepreneurship and Social Change course. The effectiveness of simulations as educational tools for macro social work is thoroughly examined. The chapter not only explores the details of simulation experiences but also addresses the common skills that simulations can cultivate across various social work micro, mezzo, and macro domains. By scrutinizing challenges and opportunities stemming from simulation implementation, the chapter provides valuable insights for educators to enhance student preparedness and actor engagement. The findings underscore the crucial role of simulations in honing critical skills for macro social work, emphasizing the need for their continued integration to better equip students for the intricate demands of policy, advocacy, and community leadership.
The Future of Simulations in Social Work Education
Authors: Tan Kevin , Wu Chi-Fang , Ostler Terry 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
Drawing on 5 years of teaching and research on simulations, this chapter reflects modest beginnings in implementing simulations in social work classes, growth and transformation over time, challenges faced, and future directions for social work education. Finding time and resources for implementing simulations, reluctance to utilize simulations in classes, and concerns about the potential for re-traumatization in simulations re-enacting cases involving police interactions or the perpetuation of stereotypes in simulations of individuals with mental illness or disabilities were challenges that required ongoing reflection and discussions. Being alive and accountable to the multifaceted complexities of experiences that social workers may confront were key. Overall, the simulations became a powerful learning tool that provided bachelor and master of social work and doctor of philosophy students with needed experiential learning to prepare them for real-world practice and teaching.
Effects of lignin on indigo-reducing activity and indigo particle size in indigo dye suspensions
Authors: Nakagawa Kasumi , Ohata Haruka , Takeuchi Michiki , Matsunaga Momoka , Sowa Keisei , Sakamoto Takaiku , Ando Akinori , Asada Chikako , Ogawa Jun , Kano Kenji , Sakuradani Eiji 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
Microbial indigo reduction is a key reaction in indigo dyeing; however, the mechanism of the interaction with indigo remains unclear. We hypothesized that lignin is a candidate substance that supports this interaction. The addition of lignin effectively enhanced the indigo reduction. The reducing activity of indigo correlated with the particle size after the addition of lignin.
Change in Blood Pressure, Weight, and Other Cardiovascular Disease Risk Factors After Switch From Protease Inhibitors to Dolutegravir: Post hoc Analysis of the 48-week Randomised Second-line Switch to Dolutegravir Trial
Authors: Ombajo Loice Achieng , Penner Jeremy , Nkuranga Joseph , Omodi Victor , Otieno Edwin , Ndinya Florentius , Wahome Simon , Pozniak Anton 
Published: November 2024

AbstractAmong 777 virally suppressed adults with human immunodeficiency virus on protease-inhibitor–based second-line antiretroviral regimens randomized 1:1 to switch to dolutegravir or remain on a protease inhibitor, there was no difference in incident hypertension (12% in each arm, P = .868) or change in blood pressure over the 48-week study period.
Accelerated atrial pacing reduces left-heart filling pressure: a combined clinical-computational study
Authors: van Loon Tim , Rijks Jesse , van Koll Johan , Wolffs Joey , Cornelussen Richard , van Osta Nick , Luermans Justin , Prinzen Frits , Linz Dominik , van Empel Vanessa , Delhaas Tammo , Vernooy Kevin , Lumens Joost 
Published: November 2024

Abstract

Background and Aims
Accelerated atrial pacing offers potential benefits for patients with heart failure with preserved ejection fraction (HFpEF) and atrial fibrillation (AF), compared with standard lower-rate pacing. The study investigates the relationship between atrial pacing rate and left-heart filling pressure.

Methods
Seventy-five consecutive patients undergoing catheter ablation for AF underwent assessment of mean left atrial pressure (mLAP) and atrioventricular (AV) conduction delay (PR interval) in sinus rhythm and accelerated atrial pacing with 10 bpm increments up to Wenckebach block. Computer simulations (CircAdapt) of a virtual HFpEF cohort complemented clinical observations and hypothesized the modulating effects of AV coupling and atrial (dys)function.

Results
In the study cohort, 49(65%) patients had a high HFpEF likelihood (H2FPEF ≥ 5.0), and 28(37%) an elevated mLAP ≥ 15 mmHg at sinus rhythm. Optimal pacing rates of 100 [70–110]bpm (median [IQR]) significantly reduced mLAP from 12.8 [10.0–17.4]mmHg in sinus rhythm (55 [52–61]bpm) to 10.4 [7.8–14.8]mmHg (P &lt; .001). Conversely, higher pacing rates (130 [110–140]bpm) significantly increased mLAP to 14.7 [11.0–17.8]mmHg (P &lt; .05). PR interval and, hence, AV conduction delay prolonged incrementally with increasing pacing rates. Simulations corroborated these clinical findings, showing mLAP reduction at a moderately increased pacing rate and a subsequent increase at higher rates. Moreover, simulations suggested that mLAP reduction is optimized when AV conduction delay shortens with increasing rate.

Conclusions
Accelerated pacing acutely reduces left-heart filling pressure in patients undergoing AF catheter ablation and computer simulations with HFpEF features, suggesting it as a potential therapeutic strategy to alleviate congestion symptoms. Virtual HFpEF patient cohorts hypothesize that AV sequential pacing may further optimize this therapy's beneficial effects.
Dysregulation of alternative splicing is a transcriptomic feature of patient-derived fibroblasts from CAG repeat expansion spinocerebellar ataxias
Authors: Aliyeva Asmer , Lennon Claudia D , Cleary John D , Shorrock Hannah K , Berglund J Andrew 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
The spinocerebellar ataxias (SCAs) are a genetically heterogeneous group of rare dominantly inherited neurodegenerative diseases characterized by progressive ataxia. The most common mutation seen across the SCAs is a CAG repeat expansion, causative for SCA1, 2, 3, 6, 7, 12 and 17. We recently identified dysregulation of alternative splicing as a novel, presymptomatic transcriptomic hallmark in mouse models of SCAs 1, 3 and 7. In order to understand if dysregulation of alternative splicing is a transcriptomic feature of patient-derived cell models of CAG SCAs, we performed RNA sequencing and transcriptomic analysis in patient-derived fibroblast cell lines of SCAs 1, 3 and 7. We identified widespread and robust dysregulation of alternative splicing across all CAG expansion SCA lines investigated, with disease relevant pathways affected, such as microtubule-based processes, transcriptional regulation, and DNA damage and repair. Novel disease-relevant alternative splicing events were validated across patient-derived fibroblast lines from multiple CAG SCAs and CAG containing reporter cell lines. Together this study demonstrates that dysregulation of alternative splicing represents a novel and shared pathogenic process in CAG expansion SCA1, 3 and 7 and can potentially be used as a biomarker across patient models of this group of devastating neurodegenerative diseases.
The immune memory of innate immune systems
Authors: Kato Yasuhiro , Kumanogoh Atsushi 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
Immune memory has long been considered a function specific to adaptive immune systems; however, adaptive immune memory alone has not fully explained the mechanism by which vaccines exert their protective effects against nontarget pathogens. Recently, trained immunity, in which human monocytes vaccinated with bacillus Calmette–Guérin become highly responsive to pathogens other than Mycobacterium tuberculosis, has been reported. However, a phenomenon called endotoxin tolerance is also known, in which monocyte responsiveness is attenuated after the first lipopolysaccharide stimulation. These phenomena represent an altered innate immune response after the initial exposure to the stimulus, indicating that memories are formed in the innate immune system. In this review, we discuss trained immunity and endotoxin tolerance, known as innate immune memory, and innate immune memory formation by mRNA vaccines, which have been newly used in the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic and are considered important vaccine modalities in the future.