bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Arralbal, arrebol: análise de “Arrabal” de Jorge Luis Borges
Authors: Castro Thiago Ernesto Silveira de 
Published: October 2018

Este ensaio tem como objetivo discutir aspectos da poesia inicial de Jorge Luis Borges, a partir da leitura de um dos poemas presente em Fervor de Buenos Aires, primeira reunião poética publicada pelo escritor argentino. Buscou-se, com o esforço de interpretação do poema “Arrabal”, compreender melhor os elementos principais do primeiro momento de Borges, enquanto poeta, não ignorando as particularidades desse texto, central no livro em que se encontra. Além disso, no presente trabalho é feita uma breve análise do lugar da produção poética inicial borgeana no contexto literário argentino, detendo-se na relação que mantém a poesia do escritor com o período das vanguardas e com a tradição letrada de seu país. Isso é, esse estudo busca delimitar e compreender os motivos formais e temáticos no primeiro livro do escritor portenho, relacionados, respectivamente, à construção de imagens nacionais da Argentina, a partir de sua capital, e à estética ultraísta, a qual manteve certa influência sobre o escritor no início de sua carreira.
AKADEMİSYENLERİN DÖNÜŞTÜRÜCÜ LİDERLİK ALGISI ÜZERİNE BİR ARAŞTIRMA
Authors: TETİK Semra , ÜNAL Aylin 
Published: October 2018

Çağımızda çok hızlı bir değişim ve
gelişim yaşanmaktadır. Örgütlerin değişen çevre koşullarında ayakta
kalabilmeleri ve başarılı olabilmeleri için değişime uyum sağlamaları ve hatta değişimi
etkilemeleri gerekmektedir. Günümüzde artık önemli olan öncü olmak ve değişimi
yönetecek aktif yaklaşımlar oluşturmaktır. Bu durum, paylaşılan bir vizyon
oluşturan ve esinsel motivasyonla izleyenlerini bu vizyon doğrultusunda
harekete geçiren, onlara bireysel ilgi gösteren, rol modeli olan, karizmasıyla
çalışanlarda saygı ve güven uyandıran, entelektüel teşvikle yaratıcılığı
geliştiren, kişisel risk üstlenerek cesaretle köklü değişimleri
gerçekleştirebilen dönüştürücü liderleri gerektirmektedir. Dönüştürücü
liderler, toplumsal kalkınmanın itici gücü olan ve değişime yön veren eğitim
örgütleri için ayrı bir önem taşımaktadır. Bu noktadan hareketle çalışmamızda, Manisa
Celal Bayar Üniversitesi’ne bağlı tüm akademik birim yöneticilerinin hem
astların algıları hem de yöneticilerin kendi algılarına göre dönüştürücü
liderlik özelliklerinin düzeyini belirlemek amacıyla ampirik bir araştırma
yapılmıştır. Bu kapsamda Manisa Celal Bayar Üniversitesi'nde 26 akademik
birimde çalışan 538 akademisyenden anket yöntemi ile veriler elde edilmiştir.
Bulgular; astların algısına göre, birim
tepe yöneticilerinin dönüştürücü liderlik özelliklerini orta düzeyde,
yöneticilerin kendi algılarına göre ise yüksek düzeyde taşıdıklarını göstermektedir.
BARRIERS TO THE USE OF INTERNET BANKING AMONG NIGERIAN AND ZIMBABWEAN STUDENTS IN NORTHERN CYPRUS
Authors: SERENER Berna 
Published: October 2018

The purpose
of this paper is to analyse the factors preventing Nigerian and Zimbabwean
university students from adopting internet banking services in Northern Cyprus.
A survey was conducted to acquire data from one hundred Nigerians and one
hundred Zimbabwean university students attending a private university in
Northern Cyprus. Factor analysis results
showed that the most important factor linked to the rejection of the usage of
internet banking services among Nigerian and Zimbabwean students were people’s
fears of the risk associated with such services. This was followed by students’ preferences to
traditional banking practices, value barriers, infrastructure barriers,
government obstacles and usage barriers.
In order to compare the differences between the aforementioned factors
for Nigerian and Zimbabwean students, independent samples t-tests were
conducted. The study found that there
was a significant difference between the Nigerian and Zimbabwean student’s preference for traditional
banking practices, infrastructure and government obstacles. Interestingly,
there was no significant difference between the Nigerian and Zimbabwean
student’s fears over the risk associated with internet banking, perceptions of
its value and usage barriers.
The Ecological, Economic, and Cultural Legacies of the Mule in Southeast Brazil
Authors: Hickie Mark M. , de Oliveira Rogério Ribeiro , da Costa Quinteiro Mariana Martins 
Published: October 2018

Abstract
Resulting from cross-breeding a horse and a donkey, the mule influenced southeast Brazil’s economic development perhaps more so than any other domesticated animal; the mule served as the key transport vehicle during both Brazil’s 18th century gold era and 19th century coffee era. In enabling mining and agriculture products to traverse mountainous terrain to reach port cities near São Paulo and Rio de Janeiro, the mule played a central role in the region’s economic and ecological history. Although the mule has not been southeast Brazil’s primary transport method since the train’s arrival in the 1870s, rural and urban dwellers still employ the mule over short distances near two protected landmasses despite declining generational interest and use. More recently, with increasing leisure use as a companion animal, the mule stimulates tourism and local economic patterns via large gatherings while serving as a cultural symbol of Brazil’s patrimony.
Variability of Southern Ocean Transports
Authors: Ferster Brady S. , Subrahmanyam Bulusu , Fukumori Ichiro , Nyadjro Ebenezer S. 
Published: October 2018

AbstractThe Southern Ocean (SO) is capable of transporting vast amounts of salt, heat, and nutrients, which allows it to influence and regulate global climate. The variability of depth- and density-integrated volume transports in the SO is studied using the Estimating the Circulation and Climate of the Ocean (ECCO), version 4, release 3 (1992–2015), ocean state estimate. The estimate has a net eastward transport of 150.6 ± 5.5, 162.6 ± 7.4, and 148.2 ± 5.4 Sv (1 Sv ≡ 106 m3 s−1) between the Atlantic–Indian, Indian–Pacific, and Pacific–Atlantic basins, respectively. The time-mean meridional volume transport across 30°S in the Atlantic is estimated to be −1.4 ± 0.6 Sv, −14.4 ± 3.5 Sv in the Indian basin, and 15.5 ± 4.1 Sv in the Pacific, where negative values are southward. Trends in net volume transport between the basins are statistically insignificant. Within the water column, however, the middle and lower branches of the meridional overturning circulation have trends of −0.289 and 0.248 Sv decade−1 in the Atlantic basin. The Indian and Pacific basins have decreasing trends in their lower overturning cells. These results indicate increased overturning circulation within the lower branch in the South Atlantic and decreased lower branch circulation within the Indian and Pacific basins and have implications on the thermohaline-driven circulation. Using ECCO, we estimate a southward potential temperature transport of −176.2° ± 197.2°C Sv and salinity transport of −1.71 ± 22.4 psu Sv into the SO and indicate potential temperature transport is increasing by −15.0° ± 13.2°C Sv decade−1.
On the Use of Unmanned Aircraft for Sampling Mesoscale Phenomena in the Preconvective Boundary Layer
Authors: Koch Steven E. , Fengler Martin , Chilson Phillip B. , Elmore Kimberly L. , Argrow Brian , Andra David L. , Lindley Todd 
Published: October 2018

AbstractThe potential value of small unmanned aircraft systems (UAS) for monitoring the preconvective environment and providing useful information in real time to weather forecasters for evaluation at a National Weather Service (NWS) Forecast Office are addressed. The general goal was to demonstrate whether a combination of fixed-wing and rotary-wing UAS can provide detailed, accurate, and useful measurements of the boundary layer important for determining the potential for convection initiation (CI). Two field operations were held: a validation study in which the UAS data were compared with collocated measurements made by mobile rawinsondes and ground-based remote sensing systems and a real-time experiment held to evaluate the potential value of the UAS observations in an operationally relevant environment. Vertical profile measurements were made by the rotary-wing UAS at two mesonet sites every 30 min up to 763 m (2500 ft) AGL in coordination with fixed-wing UAS transects between the sites. The results showed the ability of the fixed-wing UAS to detect significant spatial gradients in temperature, moisture, and winds. Although neither of two different types of rotary-wing UAS measurements were able to strictly meet the requirements for sensor accuracy, one of the systems came very close to doing so. UAS sensor accuracy, methods for retrieving the winds, and challenges in assessing the representativeness of the observations are highlighted. Interesting mesoscale phenomena relevant to CI forecasting needs are revealed by the UAS. Issues needing to be overcome for UAS to ever become a NOAA operational observing system are discussed.
Long-Term Performance Metrics for National Weather Service Tornado Warnings
Authors: Brooks Harold E. , Correia James 
Published: October 2018

Abstract
Tornado warnings are one of the flagship products of the National Weather Service. We update the time series of various metrics of performance in order to provide baselines over the 1986–2016 period for lead time, probability of detection, false alarm ratio, and warning duration. We have used metrics (mean lead time for tornadoes warned in advance, fraction of tornadoes warned in advance) that work in a consistent way across the official changes in policy for warning issuance, as well as across points in time when unofficial changes took place. The mean lead time for tornadoes warned in advance was relatively constant from 1986 to 2011, while the fraction of tornadoes warned in advance increased through about 2006, and the false alarm ratio slowly decreased. The largest changes in performance take place in 2012 when the default warning duration decreased, and there is an apparent increased emphasis on reducing false alarms. As a result, the lead time, probability of detection, and false alarm ratio all decrease in 2012.
Our analysis is based, in large part, on signal detection theory, which separates the quality of the warning system from the threshold for issuing warnings. Threshold changes lead to trade-offs between false alarms and missed detections. Such changes provide further evidence for changes in what the warning system as a whole considers important, as well as highlighting the limitations of measuring performance by looking at metrics independently.
Management and prognosis of cancers in the accessory parotid gland
Authors: Han Xiaoxue , Zhang Xifeng , Gao Yuqin , Pang Pai , Liu Fayu , Sun Changfu 
Published: October 2018

Objective This study was performed to analyze the clinical management of accessory parotid gland (APG) cancer and possible risk factors for disease-related death. Methods Patients diagnosed with primary APG cancers in the largest medical center in Northeast China were enrolled from January 1990 to December 2016. Results All 43 patients underwent resection of the tumors and superficial parotid gland by a standard Blair incision. Seven (16.3%) patients also required selective neck dissection. The most common lesion was mucoepidermoid carcinoma. Temporary facial paralysis occurred in 11 (25.6%) patients, and permanent facial paralysis occurred in 3 (7.0%) patients because of surgical resection of the facial nerve, which was involved with the tumor. The 5- and 10-year disease-specific survival rates were 86.0% and 66.0%, respectively. The tumor stage, neck status, neck dissection, and tumor grade were significantly associated with disease-related death, but only the tumor grade was an independent risk factor. Conclusion Superficial parotidectomy is a reliable surgical procedure associated with a high survival rate and low morbidity in treating APG cancers. The tumor grade is the key prognostic factor.
Effect of conical micro-grooved texture on tool–chip friction property and cutting performance of WC-TiC/Co cemented carbide tools
Authors: Pang Minghua , Liu Xiaojun , Liu Kun 
Published: October 2018

Purpose This study aimed to clarify the influence mechanism of conical micro-grooved texture on the tool–chip friction property and cutting performance of WC-TiC/Co cemented carbide tools under flood lubrication conditions. Design/methodology/approach Conical micro-grooved texture was fabricated on the tool rake face using laser texture technology. Metal cutting tests were conducted on AISI 1045 steel with conventional and developed tools for various cutting speeds (80 m/min to 160 m/min) and conical angles of micro-grooved texture (2 ° to 5 °) under flood lubrication condition. The effect of conical micro-grooved texture on the tool cutting force, tool–chip friction coefficient, surface roughness of the machined workpiece, and wear of the tool rake face was determined. Findings Unlike the conventional tools, the conical micro-grooved tools successfully resulted in reductions in metal cutting force, tool–chip frictional coefficient, surface roughness of the machined workpiece, and wear of the tool rake face. These reductions were more noticeable than those of conventional tools with increases in the cutting speed and conical angle of the micro-grooved texture. Detailed research indicated that conical micro-grooved channel exhibits a directional motion characteristic of liquid, which accelerated the infiltration of cutting fluid at the tool–chip interface. Substantial cutting fluid was supplied and stored at the tool–chip interface for the conical micro-grooved tools. Therefore, the conical micro-grooved texture on the tool rake face showed evident advantages in improving tool–chip friction and tool cutting performance. Originality/value The main contribution of this study is proposing a new conical micro-grooved texture on the tool rake face, which improved tool–chip friction and tool cutting performance.
Does VAT Necessarily Lead to Bigger Government Size? The Experience of States in India
Authors: Nepram Damodar 
Published: October 2018

Many have held that value-added tax (VAT) generates higher revenue which then leads to bigger government spending. They cited the experience of European countries claiming that both the tax rate and the government size have risen over the years. The present study finds that there are exceptions to it based on the state level data of India. The tax was introduced as a replacement for sales tax about a decade ago but an increase in government size was not observed. Instead, higher revenues generated helped in the reduction of budget deficits when introduced along with a number of austerity measures among which was the enactment of the fiscal responsibility law (FRL) placing quantitative restrictions on budget deficits. Some states did witness bigger spending but most of them were observed to be financially weaker states receiving more central transfers. It enabled them to spend more without running into deficits and, hence, meet FRL obligations. JEL Classification: H7, H26, H50
Does the Intercollegiate Membership of the Royal College of Surgeons (MRCS) examination predict ‘on-the-job’ performance during UK higher specialty surgical training?
Authors: Scrimgeour DSG , Brennan PA , Griffiths G , Lee AJ , Smith FCT , Cleland J 
Published: October 2018

Introduction The Intercollegiate Membership of the Royal College of Surgeons (MRCS) is a mandatory examination to enter higher surgical specialty training in the UK. It is designed to help to ensure that successful candidates are competent to practice as higher surgical trainees. The annual review of competence progression (ARCP) assesses trainees’ competence to progress to the next level of training and can be interpreted as a measure of ‘on-the-job’ performance. We investigated the relationship between MRCS performance and ARCP outcomes. Materials and methods All UK medical graduates who passed MRCS (Parts A and B) from 2007 to 2016 were included. MRCS scores, attempts and sociodemographics for each candidate were crosslinked with ARCP outcomes (satisfactory, unsatisfactory and insufficient evidence). Multinomial logistic regression was used to identify potential independent predictors of ARCP outcomes. Results A total of 2570 trainees underwent 11,064 ARCPs; 1589 (61.8%) had only satisfactory outcomes recorded throughout training; 510 (19.9%) had at least one unsatisfactory outcome; and 471 (18.3%) supplied insufficient evidence. After adjusting for age, gender, first language and Part A performance, ethnicity (non-white vs white, OR 1.36, 95% CI 1.08 to 1.71), Part B passing score (OR 0.98, 95% CI 0.98 to 1.00) and number of attempts at Part B (two or more attempts vs one attempt, OR 1.50, 95% CI 1.16 to 1.94) were found to be independent predictors of an unsatisfactory ARCP outcome. Conclusions This is the first study to identify predictors of ARCP outcomes during higher surgical specialty training in the UK and provides further evidence of the predictive validity of the MRCS examination.
30-day complication rates and patient-reported outcomes following day case primary lumbar microdiscectomy in a regional NHS spinal centre
Authors: Hoggett L , Anderton MJ , Khatri M 
Published: October 2018

Introduction Advances in surgical and anaesthesia technique have reduced length of stay for lumbar discectomy. Current evidence suggests that daycase surgery is associated with improved patient satisfaction, faster recovery, reduced infection rates and financial savings. We present our microdiscectomy daycase protocol, together with 30-day postoperative complication rates and patient reported outcomes in an NHS setting. Methods and methods We retrospectively studied all patients that met a locally agreed daycase protocol for lumbar microdiscectomy and were operated upon and discharged on the same calendar day between 1 March 2013 and 31 December 2015. Results A total of 134 patients underwent primary daycase microdiscectomy (70 males, 64 females). The cohort had a mean age of 41 years (range 16–82 years). Some 96% (n = 129) were single-level procedures, 93% were unilateral (n = 125) and 81% (n = 109) took place at either L4/L5 or L5/S1. All patients were discharged on the same day as admission and operation. Four patients re-presented to hospital within 30 days and three were discharged from the emergency department within four hours following a clinical review. One patient required an inpatient stay for a washout of a superficial postoperative infection. Significant improvements (P < 0.05) were found postoperatively for back pain and leg pain on self-reported visual analogue scores and Oswestry Disability Index. Conclusion In this study, we present a safe and effective protocol for day case lumbar microdiscectomy. Our 30-day postoperative complication rate of under 1% is comparable to that of traditional inpatient primary lumbar microdiscectomy. Patient-reported outcome measures revealed significant improvement in both pain and functional scores.
A randomised controlled trial of excision versus invagination in the management of indirect inguinal hernial sac
Authors: Sharma M , Pathania OP , Kapur A , Thomas S , Kumar A 
Published: October 2018

Introduction Lichtenstein tension-free mesh hernioplasty of primary inguinal hernia is currently considered as the preferred method for the plastic reconstruction of inguinal hernia by the majority of surgeons. Several studies have examined the best way to manage the hernial sac in this surgery, but no consensus has been reached. This study was designed to compare the effects of excision of sac and invagination of sac on post-operative outcomes. Methods and methods This prospective randomised study included a total of 70 patients with primary unilateral uncomplicated indirect inguinal hernia. Group A (35 patients) underwent high dissection and invagination of the hernial sac and group B (35 patients) underwent high ligation and excision of the hernial sac. The repair of the posterior wall of the inguinal canal was done according to Lichtenstein tension-free technique. The primary outcome of this study was postoperative pain and secondary outcomes were wound infection, chronic sepsis, sinus formation, persistent pain, testicular atrophy and recurrence during the one-year follow-up period. Results There was a significant difference (P < 0.01) in pain experienced by the patients in the immediate post-operative period between the two groups; group A experienced less postoperative pain than group B. There was no significant difference in incidence of infection between the groups. Conclusions Invagination of the sac results in less postoperative pain compared with excision, with no significant difference in other postoperative outcomes.
Some Reliability and Other Properties of Beta-Transformed Random Variables
Authors: Sreehari M. , Sandhya E. , Mohamed Akbar V. K. 
Published: October 2018

Abstract
The reliability properties of beta-transformed random variables are discussed. A necessary and sufficient condition for a beta-transformed geometric random variable to follow a power series distribution is derived. It is shown that a beta-transformed member of the Katz family does not belong to the Katz family unless it is a geometric distribution, thereby getting a characterization.
Revisiting Electrochemical Techniques to Characterize the Solid-State Diffusion Mechanism in Lithium-Ion Batteries
Authors: Santos-Mendoza I. O. , Vázquez-Arenas J. , González I. , Ramos-Sánchez G. , Castillo-Araiza C. O. 
Published: October 2018

AbstractLithium-ion batteries (LiBs) have gained a worldwide position as energy storage devices due to their high energy density, power density and cycle life. Nevertheless, these performance parameters are yet insufficient for current and future demands diversifying their range of applications, and competitiveness against other power sources. In line with the materials science, the optimization of LiBs, first, requires an in-depth characterization and understanding of their determining steps regarding transport phenomena and electrode kinetics occurring within these devices. Experimental and theoretical studies have identified the solid-state diffusion of Li+into the composite cathode material as one of the transport mechanisms limiting the performance of LiBs, in particular at high charge and discharge rates (C-rates). Nowadays, there is however ambivalence to characterize this mass transport mechanism using the diffusion coefficient calculated either by electrochemical techniques orab initioquantum chemistry methods.  This contribution revisits conventional electrochemical methodologies employed in literature to estimate mass transport diffusivity of LiBs, in particular using LiFePO4in the cathode, and their suitability and reliability are comprehensively discussed. These experimental and theoretical methods include Galvanostatic and Potentiostatic Intermittent Titration Technique (GITT and PITT), Electrochemical Impedance Spectroscopy (EIS), Cyclic Voltammetry (CV) andab initioquantum chemistry methods. On the one hand, experimental methods seem not to isolate the diffusion mechanism in the solid phase; thus, obtaining an unreliable apparent diffusion coefficient (ranging from 10–10to 10–16 cm2 s−1), which only serves as a criterion to discard among a set of LiBs. On the other hand, atomistic approaches based onab initio, density functional theory (DFT), cannot yet capture the complexity of the local environments involved at this scale; in consequence, these approaches have predicted inadequate diffusion coefficients for LiFePO4(ranging from 10–6to 10–7 cm2 s−1) which strongly differ from experimental values. This contribution, at long last, remarks the factors influencing diffusion mechanisms and addresses the uncertainties to characterize this transport mechanism in the cathode, stressing the needs to establish methods to determine the diffusion coefficient accurately, coupling electrochemical techniques,ab initiomethods, and engineering approaches based on modeling.