bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Prediction of the calcium carbonate budget in a sedimentary basin: A “source‐to‐sink” approach applied to Great Salt Lake, Utah, USA
Authors: Bouton Anthony , Vennin Emmanuelle , Amiotte‐Suchet Philippe , Thomazo Christophe , Sizun Jean‐Pierre , Virgone Aurélien , Gaucher Eric C. , Visscher Pieter T. 
Published: October 2019

AbstractMost source‐to‐sink studies typically focus on the dynamics of clastic sediments and consider erosion, transport and deposition of sediment particles as the sole contributors. Although often neglected, dissolved solids produced by weathering processes contribute significantly in the sedimentary dynamics of basins, supporting chemical and/or biological precipitation. Calcium ions are usually a major dissolved constituent of water drained through the watershed and may facilitate the precipitation of calcium carbonate when supersaturating conditions are reached. The high mobility of Ca2+ ions may cause outflow from an open system and consequently loss. In contrast, in closed basins, all dissolved (i.e. non‐volatile) inputs converge at the lowest point of the basin. The endoreic Great Salt Lake basin constitutes an excellent natural laboratory to study the dynamics of calcium on a basin scale, from the erosion and transport through the watershed to the sink, including sedimentation in lake's waterbody. The current investigation focused on the Holocene epoch. Despite successive lake level fluctuations (amplitude around 10 m), the average water level seems to have not been affected by any significant long‐term change (i.e. no increasing or decreasing trend, but fairly stable across the Holocene). Weathering of calcium‐rich minerals in the watershed mobilizes Ca2+ ions that are transported by surface streams and subsurface flow to the Great Salt Lake (GSL). Monitoring data of these flows was corrected for recent anthropogenic activity (river management) and combined with direct precipitation (i.e. rain and snow) and atmospheric dust income into the lake, allowing estimating the amount of calcium delivered to the GSL. These values were then extrapolated through the Holocene period and compared to the estimated amount of calcium stored in GSL water column, porewater and sediments (using hydrochemical, mapping, coring and petrophysical estimates). The similar estimate of calcium delivered (4.88 Gt) and calcium stored (3.94 Gt) is consistent with the premise of the source‐to‐sink approach: a mass balance between eroded and transported compounds and the sinks. The amount of calcium deposited in the basin can therefore be predicted indirectly from the different inputs, which can be assessed with more confidence. When monitoring is unavailable (e.g. in the fossil record), the geodynamic context, the average lithology of the watershed and the bioclimatic classification of an endoreic basin are alternative properties that may be used to estimate the inputs. We show that this approach is sufficiently accurate to predict the amount of calcium captured in a basin and can be extended to the whole fossil record and inform on the storage of calcium.
Efficacy of chalcone and xanthine derivatives on lipase inhibition: A systematic review
Authors: Tam Dao Ngoc Hien , Mostafa Esraa Mahmoud , Tu Vo Linh , Rashidy Asmaa Ibrahim , Matenoglou Evangelia , Kassem Mahmoud , Soa Dang Thi , Bayumi Amera , Emam Hagar Ehab Said , Tran Linh , Dat Truong Van , Huy Nguyen Tien 
Published: October 2019

AbstractLosing weight has significant impact on chronic disease management. Orlistat, a lipase inhibitor, has alternative effect for weight controlling. To find more candidates, we conducted a review of chalcone and xanthine derivatives regarding their anti‐lipase activity. Eight databases were searched including PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science (ISI), Virtual Health Library (VHL), System for Information on Grey Literature in Europe (SIGLE), Global Health Library (GHL), EMBASE, and Google Scholar in August 2018. We found chalcone scaffold was more effective on lipase inhibition than xanthine scaffold. Among 19 investigated chalcones, only isoliquiritigenin and licuroside demonstrated an effect on preventing weight gain and increase in the total cholesterol and total triglycerides aside apart from their high activity on inhibiting lipase. Effect and type of inhibition of individual chalcones differed depending on their structure. In addition, very few studies investigated xanthine compounds and their activities were inconsistent. We suggest more studies investigate the ability of chalcones and modifying their structure to find out other compounds with higher efficacy.
The Influences of Adherence to Tamoxifen and CYP2D6 Pharmacogenetics on Plasma Concentrations of the Active Metabolite (Z)‐Endoxifen in Breast Cancer
Authors: Nardin Jeanine Marie , Schroth Werner , Almeida Thais Abreu , Mürdter Thomas , Picolotto Solane , Vendramini Evelyn Castillo Lima , Hoppe Reiner , Kogin Jenifer Primon , Miqueleto Diandra , de Moraes Silvia Dark Robaskievicz , Schwab Matthias , Pecoits‐Filho Roberto Flavio , Brauch Hiltrud , Casali‐da‐Rocha José Claudio 
Published: October 2019

Tamoxifen efficacy in breast cancer is suspected to depend on adherence and intact drug metabolism. We evaluated the role of adherence behavior and pharmacogenetics on the formation rate of (Z)‐endoxifen. In 192 Brazilian patients, we assessed plasma levels of tamoxifen and its metabolites at 3, 6, and 12 months of treatment (liquid‐chromatography tandem mass spectrometry), adherence behavior (Morisky, Green, and Levine medication adherence scale), and cytochrome P450 2D6 (CYP2D6) and other pharmacogene polymorphisms (matrix‐assisted laser‐desorption‐ionization time of flight) mass spectrometry, real‐time polymerase chain reaction). Adherence explained 47% of the variability of tamoxifen plasma concentrations (P < 0.001). Although CYP2D6 alone explained 26.4%, the combination with adherence explained 40% of (Z)‐endoxifen variability at 12 months (P < 0.001). The influence of low adherence to not achieving relevant (Z)‐endoxifen levels was highest in patients with noncompromised CYP2D6 function (relative risk 3.65; 95% confidence interval 1.48–8.99). As a proof‐of‐concept, we demonstrated that (Z)‐endoxifen levels are influenced both by patient adherence to tamoxifen and CYP2D6, which is particularly relevant for patients with full CYP2D6 function.
Global water, sanitation and hygiene research priorities and learning challenges under Sustainable Development Goal 6
Authors: Setty Karen , Jiménez Alejandro , Willetts Juliet , Leifels Mats , Bartram Jamie 
Published: October 2019

AbstractMotivationSanitation and Water for All (SWA) is a global partnership addressing universal water, sanitation and hygiene (WaSH) access. Shortly after the adoption of the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) by the United Nations, the research and learning (R&L) constituency of SWA undertook a systematic study to determine global research priorities and learning needs.PurposeTo identify priority topics where improved knowledge would aid achievement of Goal 6 by developing a global WaSH research agenda, and to describe evidence‐use challenges among WaSH professionals.Approach and methodsWe delivered a tailored, semi‐structured electronic questionnaire to representatives from countries, R&L institutions, and other SWA partners (external support agencies, civil society, and private sector). The survey gathered views from 76 respondents working in an estimated 36 countries across all world regions. Data were analysed quantitatively and qualitatively to identify patterns and themes.FindingsMost responses indicated lower confidence in at least one Goal 6 target area, especially managing untreated wastewater and faecal sludge. To support learning, respondents valued a combination of both brief and lengthy information formats. WaSH information was perceived as contradictory or unreliable only among non‐R&L constituencies. The R&L constituency saw ample learning and training opportunities, while others perceived barriers to participating. WaSH activities were frequently constrained by upward accountability to funders, while stakeholder inclusion was inconsistent.Policy implicationsThis study offers insight into perceived research and decision challenges related to Goal 6 targets. It develops a unified research agenda focused on high‐priority topics, and recommends renewed attention to evidence synthesis, learning and implementation support, research engagement and multisectoral co‐ordination.
The strange case of congenital mitral stenosis in an adult man with cor triatriatum
Authors: Burzo Maria Livia , De Matteis Giuseppe , Nicolazzi Maria Anna , Fedele Elisa , Della Polla Davide Antonio , Pennestrì Faustino , Favuzzi Angela Maria Rita 
Published: October 2019

AbstractWe report the case of a 74‐year‐old male, with a medical history of cor triatriatum, admitted with a 10‐day history of intermittent fever. Three sets of blood cultures were positive for Providencia rettgeri. Transthoracic and transesophageal echocardiogram excluded infective endocarditis, but revealed a congenital accessory tissue adhering to the mitral valve, causing supravalvular mitral stenosis. Cor triatriatum sinistrum is a rare congenital cardiac anomaly, even more uncommon in adults, and quite exceptional when associated with mitral valve disease. Because the patient had no symptoms related to the heart valve disease, no surgical indication was given and he was managed conservatively.
Trust, anger, resentment, forgiveness: On blame and its reasons
Authors: Wallace R. Jay 
Published: October 2019

AbstractA discussion of the scope that exists for the normative assessment of blame. The paper starts from the assumption that blame is to be understood in terms of the reactive attitudes. A particular crux is the question of whether blame can be assessed critically if conditions are in place that render the reactive attitudes apt or warranted. The paper argues that even warranted blame can be managed critically and that this is something we often have reason to do, given the oppositional nature of reactive blame. The point is illustrated through a discussion of forgiveness and hypocrisy. A further claim is that, once reasons for reactive blame are distinguished from distinct reasons for managing it in different ways, space opens up for interesting global challenges to reactive blame, even when it is internally apt or warranted.
Combined intravenous immunoglobulin and methylprednisolone as induction treatment in chronic inflammatory demyelinating polyneuropathy (OPTIC protocol): a prospective pilot study
Authors: Adrichem M. E. , Bus S. R. , Wieske L. , Mohammed H. , Verhamme C. , Hadden R. , van Schaik I. N. , Eftimov F. 
Published: October 2019

Background and purposeWe hypothesized that combining intravenous immunoglobulin (IVIg) and intravenous methylprednisolone (IVMP) leads to more frequent remission compared with IVIg alone while maintaining the fast efficacy of IVIg. In this uncontrolled pilot study, we evaluated remission, rate of improvement and safety in patients with chronic inflammatory demyelinating polyradiculoneuropathy receiving induction treatment with combined IVIg and IVMP.MethodsConsecutive treatment‐naive patients with chronic inflammatory demyelinating polyradiculoneuropathy were treated with IVIg infusions, consisting of a 2 g/kg loading dose and 1 g/kg maintenance treatment every 3 weeks, combined with 3‐weekly 1‐g IVMP infusions, for a total of 18 weeks. The cumulative steroid dose was 7 g. Primary outcome was remission at 1 year in patients who completed the treatment schedule. Remission was defined as improvement at 18 weeks without the need for further immune treatment between end of the treatment schedule and 1‐year follow‐up. Improvement was defined as a minimal clinically important difference on the Inflammatory Rasch‐Built Overall Disability Scale and/or an increase of ≥8 kPa in grip strength between baseline and week 18.ResultsA total of 20 patients were included; 17 completed the treatment schedule. A total of 13 (76%) of these patients improved at 18 weeks after start of treatment and 10 (59%) patients were in remission at 1 year. Serious adverse events were found in four patients.ConclusionsShort‐term combined induction treatment with IVIg and IVMP induced remission in almost 60% of patients who completed the treatment schedule. Combined induction therapy was generally well tolerated. A randomized controlled trial is currently running to confirm efficacy and safety of IVMP as add‐on treatment to IVIg.
The Imperative of Diakonia for the Church and Theological Education
Authors: Phiri Isabel Apawo 
Published: October 2019

AbstractThis article begins by arguing that diakonia is an imperative for the church, be it at the local, national, regional, or global level. It goes on to describe how diakonia has been part of the identity of the World Council of Churches during its 70 years of existence, and highlights the struggle of diakonia and development within the fellowship and ecumenical partners. The article focuses on the document Called to Transformative Action: Ecumenical Diakonia as the most recent attempt to reflect on who we are and what we do as church. It identifies one important aspect of diakonia as reflected in the Pan‐African Women's Ecumenical Empowerment Network perspective on theological education. The article concludes by reflecting on the author's vision for a just community of women and men in prophetic diakonia.
Mentoring in Caribbean Theological Education
Authors: Ashwood Nicole 
Published: October 2019

AbstractThis article addresses the issue of mentoring in theological education, drawing against the context of the Caribbean and the insights of Pan‐African Women, such as in the Circle of Concerned African Women Theologians, as well as support and accountability groups such as Caribbean Women Theologians for Transformation and the Caribbean and North America Council for Mission. Drawing on biblical models of mentoring, the article argues that while the ways that individuals are mentored during their theological education programmes can and will vary, women in leadership can be sounding boards, cheerleaders, advocates, facilitators, coaches, guides, role models, and even critics as they help to shape and develop other women leaders in the church.
Pan‐African Women of Faith and a Vision of Inclusive Global Theological Education
Authors: Adamavi‐Aho Ekué Amélé , Walker‐Smith Angelique 
Published: October 2019

AbstractThis article provides an introduction to the Pan‐African Women's Ecumenical Empowerment Network (PAWEEN), formally established as a network in 2015, but which traces its origins back to the 10th Assembly of the World Council of Churches (WCC) in Busan, the Republic of Korea, in 2013. PAWEEN provides an opportunity for a mutual invitation to deep listening and concerted engagement to make the realities of past and present living, of faith and agency visible. It is one example of a network under development, grounded in the liberating gospel message and committed to the aim of a transformative theological education, which extends this invitation to all who share this common concern and vision.
Toward a Theology of Hospitality
Authors: Plaatjies van Huffel Mary‐Anne 
Published: October 2019

AbstractThis article considers the need for a repositioning from advocacy to the embodiment of a theology of hospitality in focusing on the issue of statelessness as an issue of gender discrimination. To address statelessness adequately, the churches should exercise the ministry of hospitality for “strangers” as the basis for their advocacy to protect stateless persons and defend their basic and fundamental rights with regard to nationality.
While We Wait: The Foolishness of Scarcity, the “Devalued Other,” and Pedagogies of “Becoming”
Authors: Joynes Robin 
Published: October 2019

AbstractThis article considers how Christian women leaders might, in the absence of global economic equality for women, reframe theological dialogue that affirms the work and worth of the “devalued other” – 21st‐century women living in economic insecurity – and to declare that Jesus' eschatological hope is in the feminization of abundance. The article engages the parable of the wise and foolish virgins as a messianic requirement to deconstruct the barriers that keep the devalued other from seeing her full potential and to challenge the foolishness of scarcity that has taken hold of the daughters of privilege. It seeks to engage an African feminist hermeneutic as the primary methodology and to craft an emerging pedagogy of “becoming” that speaks to the cosmic shift to strengthen the agency of women as we await the coming Parousia.
Mainstreaming Gender in Theological Education
Authors: Lewis Marjorie 
Published: October 2019

AbstractThis article identifies themes and strategies for mainstreaming gender in theological education, based on the author's experience with theological education in Jamaica, the US, and Canada. It begins with the need to “visit the wounds” in such a way that realism about suffering can be accompanied by strategies for healing, transformation, and celebration of the reign of God already with us and in celebration of our agency to work toward it on earth as it is in heaven.
Evaluation of a naturalised rock ramp fish passage for cool‐ and warm‐water fish in a tributary of Saginaw Bay, Lake Huron
Authors: Murry Brent A. , Ania Andrea , Boase James , Briggs Andrew S. , Chiotti Justin , Fullard Clarence , Galarowicz Tracy , Hayes Daniel , Leonardi Joseph , Madel Gabriel , Stoller Jacob 
Published: October 2019

AbstractDams across the Great Lakes basin are nearing or beyond their original design life, posing both challenges and opportunities to natural resource managers. Ageing dams can be repaired to preserve function and maintain safety, removed to promote full connectivity or retrofitted with a fish passage structure to increase connectivity without reservoir loss. The success of rock ramp structures is not well documented, especially for cool‐ and warm‐water fishes in the Great Lakes basin. The success of a recently built (2009) rock ramp for increasing upstream fish passage on the Shiawassee River in Michigan, USA, was evaluated. While there was evidence of limited fish passage during the study period (2011–2016), catches of spring migratory fishes, fish eggs and larvae were significantly higher below the rock ramp than above, indicating the dam with rock ramp fish pass continues to limit upstream migration. Overall connectivity appears improved relative to a reference, dammed river, but falls short of full connectivity.
Improving bivalve fishery management: The development of a tool to forecast bivalve reproductive season based on environmental data from satellite remote sensing observations
Authors: Martínez‐Pita Inés , Moreno Oscar 
Published: October 2019

AbstractDonax trunculus is a much‐appreciated commercial clam whose natural populations have been overexploited in southern–western Spain during the last decades. In order to control the decrease of natural beds, local governments establish annual closed seasons based on socioeconomic reasons, such as economic necessity or tourism interest. The objective of this study was to develop an efficient tool for predicting gonadal stages based on environmental condition data. This tool will allow for an improvement in fishery management since in this manner the closed season can be based on the reproductive cycle. The natural population's reproductive cycle was studied for more than 2 years. The obtained gonadal and condition indexes (GI and CI) values were statistically related to environmental conditions, specifically surface seawater temperature (SST) and chlorophyll‐a (Chlo‐a) levels with these data being provided from satellite remote sensing observations (SRS). The best statistical relationship was obtained between GI and the SST registered 60 days before bivalve sampling (SST‐60). The regression equation allows for an estimate of GI value based on the SST‐60 and, as each value is related with one gonadal stage (resting, maturation, ripe), for prediction of the reproductive cycle. Therefore, the closed season can be established when most of the population is in the ripe stage and can be adjusted taking into account the possible temperature variations across the years. For ease of use, GI values estimated with this tool have also been converted using different colours onto a map of wedge clam reproductive stages in its natural beds.
Lateral hydrological connectivity differentially affects the community characteristics of multiple groups of aquatic invertebrates in tropical wetland pans in South Africa
Authors: Dube Trevor , Pinceel Tom , De Necker Lizaan , Wepener Victor , Lemmens Pieter , Brendonck Luc 
Published: October 2019

Abstract

River–floodplain connectivity (i.e. lateral hydrological connectivity, LHC) can directly affect the community characteristics by promoting dispersal of organisms but can also have profound indirect effects by altering local habitat characteristics. A major challenge is to disentangle the relative importance of direct and indirect effects of LHC on organisms. Combining taxonomic data with trait information allows a more mechanistic understanding of how LHC affect biotic communities in floodplains.

Here, we attempted to determine the relative importance of the direct and indirect effects of LHC on local environmental variables and community characteristics (taxonomic and trait composition) of three different taxonomic organism groups in a set of 33 temporary floodplain pans along a gradient of LHC. In addition, we specifically aimed to unravel the underlying mechanisms shaping patterns of taxonomic diversity by partitioning compositional dissimilarity between ponds into components of nestedness and spatial turnover.

Variation partitioning revealed that most differences in macroinvertebrate and zooplankton community composition between pans resulted from variation in local environmental variables, particularly macrophyte cover and the presence of fish. For large branchiopod crustaceans, however, partitioning indicated that LHC did significantly affect both taxonomic and trait community composition, and reduced local taxon diversity. Partitioning taxonomic and trait β‐diversity showed that community dissimilarity between pans was largely determined by turnover, rather than by nestedness.

Overall, our study revealed that the effects of LHC on aquatic invertebrate communities act mainly indirectly by altering local environmental conditions. Although the effects of LHC were significant, they were small compared to those of environmental variables.

Our results from the partitioning of taxonomic and trait β‐diversity have important implications for biodiversity conservation efforts in the Ndumo region. We demonstrate the need to conserve multiple pans along the LHC gradient to sustain high regional diversity. A common practice in the study area mainly focuses on the conservation of river‐connected or larger pans.
How to get rid of the bug in the heart–An infected catheter‐associated thrombus treated successfully with antibiotics only
Authors: Kakareko Katarzyna , Rydzewska‐Rosolowska Alicja , Czajkowska Katarzyna , Lukasiewicz Adam , Hryszko Tomasz 
Published: October 2019

AbstractWe present a case of a 53‐year‐old woman with end‐stage renal disease, on hemodialysis for 4 years, who was diagnosed with an infected catheter‐associated right atrial thrombus (CRAT). CRAT is an underreported and potentially life‐threating complication of a central venous catheter and usually warrants a surgical approach. The patient was, however, disqualified by cardiac surgeons due to her overall poor condition. We used a combination of anticoagulation and antibiotics in the reported case as “rescue therapy” and showed that the successful resolution of CRAT complicated by infection might sometimes be feasible with pharmacological treatment only.