bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Congenital Colorectal Conditions: Caregiver Perspectives of Their Experience in the Neonatal Intensive Care Unit
Authors: Melkonian Vatche , Bischoff Andrea , Torre Luis De La , Ketzer Jill , Matkins Kristina , Judd-Glossy Laura 
Published: November 2024

Objective This study aimed to examine the experiences of children with colorectal conditions who spent time in the neonatal intensive care unit (NICU) and their caregivers.
Study Design In March 2024, a 36-question survey was sent to the Colorectal Support Network Facebook community, to gather information from caregivers of children who have a congenital colorectal diagnosis and spent time in the NICU.
Results Fifty-two families completed the survey. Most patients were diagnosed after birth (89.47%). Approximately half of respondents stayed in the NICU for 1 to 2 weeks (50.88%), lived less than 60 minutes away from the hospital (54.91%), and felt somewhat uncomfortable (28.07%) or very uncomfortable (21.05%) caring for their child's medical needs after discharge. Also, 49.12% of caregivers were informed of their child's future bowel control prognosis. When asked for suggestions to improve care in the NICU, common themes included the importance of having colorectal congenital anomalies addressed by colorectal surgeons and the need for families to be informed about support groups.
Conclusion Counseling families in the NICU with congenital colorectal conditions can be improved by providing additional information and support for families prior to discharge, informing them about their child's prognosis for bowel control and connecting them with other families.
Key Points
One-Pot, Three-Component Coupling Synthesis of [(Benzothiazol-2-ylamino)(aryl)methyl]isoquinolinols under Catalyst- and Solvent-Free Conditions
Authors: Hawsawi Mohammed B. , Gandhamsetty Narasimhulu , Alluhaibi Mustafa S. 
Published: November 2024

AbstractA one-pot, three-component coupling procedure has been developed for the synthesis of [(benzothiazol-2-ylamino)(aryl)methyl]isoquinolinols via the reaction of hydroxyisoquinolines, aryl/heteroaryl/aliphatic aldehydes with 2-aminobenzothiazoles under catalyst- and solvent-free conditions. The developed 2′-aminobenzothiazolomethylation procedure is suitable to execute even on a gram scale and has a broad scope. The 2′-aminobenzothiazolomethylated products (Betti bases) were formed through the initial nucleophilic C-attack of hydroxyisoquinolines on aldehydes to generate the ortho-quinone methide (o-QM) as an intermediate, followed by 1,4-aza-Michael addition of 2-aminobenzothiazoles. Betti bases have significance in medicinal chemistry due to their wide range of pharmacological applications and they are useful ligands and catalysts in asymmetric synthesis.
The reliability and validity of superb microvascular imaging as a potential disease activity marker in rheumatoid arthritis
Authors: Kurtulus Ozturk Esin , Ozturk Saffet , Kelesoglu Dincer Ayse Bahar 
Published: November 2024

AbstractRheumatoid arthritis (RA) is a systemic autoimmune disease of unknown etiology that causes progressive and destructive inflammation in the joints. Superb microvascular imaging (SMI) is a new ultrasound technique that allows visualization of slow blood flow in synovitis. This study aimed to report on the clinical value and utility of the SMI technique and its grading for monitoring RA by determining the correlation with clinical disease activity scores (DAS 28) and power Doppler ultrasound (PDUS).All RA patients with clinically apparent synovitis were assessed using DAS 28. Synovitis was investigated with PDUS and SMI and each joint was graded semi-quantitatively. All assessments were carried out at baseline and repeated at least at the 4-month follow-up. Correlations between scores were investigated using Spearman’s correlation.60 RA patients with 552 affected joints were recruited. Clinical and sonographic scores were significantly improved at follow-up (p<0.001). SMI showed significantly more joint count and flow signal scores than clinical examination and PDUS. Moderate correlations were found between the SMI score and clinical scores (p<0.001, 0.586 for SMI score vs. DAS 28-CRP, p=0.001, 0.432 for SMI vs. DAS 28-ESR). There were also stronger correlations between the SMI score and PDUS score at both baseline and follow-up (p<0.001, r = 0.817, 0.842 respectively).SMI provides greater utility and ability to detect synovial vascularity and to monitor disease activity than PDUS. A new activity scoring system based on SMI and clinical objective findings is required to improve reliability and validity.
Hypoxia-Preconditioned Human Umbilical Cord Mesenchymal Stem Cells Transplantation Ameliorates Inflammation and Bone Regeneration in Peri-Implantitis Rat Model
Authors: Kuntjoro Mefina , Hendrijantini Nike , Prasetyo Eric Priyo , Agustono Bambang , Hong Guang 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
Objective The failure of dental implant treatments is predominantly attributed to peri-implantitis, which entails chronic inflammation within the peri-implant tissue, ultimately leading to tissue degradation. Addressing this condition, human umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cell (hUCMSC) transplantation serves as a regenerative therapy; however, concerns regarding the viability and efficacy of transplanted cells in inflamed regions persist. Hypoxic preconditioning of hUCMSCs has emerged as a potential strategy for augmenting their regenerative and immunomodulatory capacities. This study aimed to evaluate the expression of inflammatory (tumor necrosis factor [TNF]-α) and bone regenerative biomarkers (nuclear factor of activated T-cell [NFATc1], osteocalcin, collagen type I alpha 1 [COL1α1]) within peri-implantitis models subsequent to the transplantation of hypoxia-preconditioned hUCMSCs.
Materials and Methods Peri-implantitis models were established through the insertion of implants into the femur bone of 42 Wistar strain Rattus norvegicus, followed by intrasocket injection of lipopolysaccharide. The experimental animals were categorized into three groups (control, normoxia, and hypoxia) and underwent observation on days 14 and 28. The expression levels of TNF-α, NFATc1, COL1α1, and osteocalcin were evaluated using immunohistochemical staining, and the resulting data were subjected to one-way analysis of variance analysis (p < 0.05).
Results Transplantation of hypoxia-preconditioned hUCMSCs significantly ameliorated inflammation and osteoclastogenesis, as evidenced by significant reductions in TNF-α and NFATc1 expression compared with the control group. Furthermore, hypoxic preconditioning of hUCMSCs demonstrated a significant elevation in the expression of osteocalcin and COL1α1 relative to the control group.
Conclusion The transplantation of hypoxia-preconditioned hUCMSCs exhibited a capacity to ameliorate inflammation and enhance bone regenerative processes in peri-implantitis rat models.
Histone H3K9 Methylation Is Differentially Modified in Odontogenic Cyst and Tumors
Authors: Phattarataratip Ekarat , Lam-ubol Aroonwan 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
Objectives Histone modification in odontogenic lesions is mostly unexplored. Trimethylation of histone H3 at lysine residue 9 (H3K9Me3) has been studied in various pathologic conditions and showed biological significance promising for future therapeutic application. This study aimed to investigate the level and clinical relevance of the H3K9Me3 histone modification in odontogenic cysts and tumors.
Materials and Methods A total of 105 cases of odontogenic lesions, comprising 30 odontogenic keratocysts (OKCs), 30 adenomatoid odontogenic tumors (AOTs), 30 ameloblastomas, and 15 dental follicles, were included in the study. The paraffin-embedded tissues were immunohistochemically stained for H3K9Me3. Both the intensity and the distribution of staining were evaluated and calculated as H-score. The correlation between the H3K9Me3 expression and the clinical characteristics of each lesion was evaluated.
Statistical Analysis The Kruskal–Wallis test followed by Bonferroni's correction was performed to assess the differences in H-score among groups. In addition, Pearson's chi-squared test or Mann–Whitney U test was used to analyze potential factors that could affect protein expression.
Results The reduced enamel epithelium of the dental follicle showed uniformly strong H3K9Me3 expression. All odontogenic cysts and tumors examined demonstrated a significantly reduced H3K9Me3 level compared with dental follicles. The AOT showed the lowest H3K9Me3 level, followed by OKC and ameloblastoma. Its immunoreactivity was mainly localized in the basal and parabasal cells of OKC and the whorled/duct-like structures of AOT. Ameloblastoma exhibited marked variation in the H3K9Me3 level among cases. Notably, the upregulated H3K9Me3 was related to multilocularity of OKC and ameloblastoma.
Conclusions Histone H3K9 methylation is differentially expressed in odontogenic cysts and tumors. This epigenetic modification may contribute to the pathogenesis and aggressive behavior of odontogenic lesions.
Effect of Cross-sectional Designs on Torsional Resistance of Endodontic Nickel–Titanium Files: A Finite Element Study
Authors: Nanthaprathip Natchaphon , Morakul Sarita , Hiran-us Sirawut , Singhatanadgid Pairod 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
Objectives This study aimed to assess the influence of two key design parameters on the torsional resistance of endodontic rotary files: the ratio of the equivalent radius (re
) to the polar moment of inertia (J), or re
/J ratio, and the percentage of the inner core area. Understanding these factors can guide the development of files with improved performance during root canal procedures.
Materials and Methods Finite element analysis was employed to simulate the behavior of rotary files under torsional loading conditions. This method allowed for the investigation of maximum shear stress across various cross-sections (D4–D16) of the files. The relationship between the re
/J ratio and the maximum shear stress was also evaluated. To assess the impact of cross-sectional design modifications on stress distribution, the study analyzed files with progressively changing configurations.
Results Regions situated outside the inner core circle experienced lower shear stress compared with a circular shaft. Furthermore, a strong linear correlation was observed between the maximum shear stress experienced by the file, the applied torque during operation, and the re
/J ratio. Significantly, the study established a connection between the percentage of the inner core area and the torsional resistance of the file. Files with a larger inner core area exhibited a lower coefficient (C) within a newly derived torsional formula. This lower C value directly translated to a reduction in the maximum shear stress experienced by the file. In essence, files with a higher percentage of inner core area demonstrated enhanced torsional resistance, allowing them to withstand higher torsional loads encountered during root canal procedures.
Conclusion This study identified the re
/J ratio and the percentage of inner core area as the most critical design factors influencing the torsional resistance of rotary files. Files with a lower re
/J ratio and a larger inner core area experienced lower shear stress, resulting in enhanced torsional resistance and potentially reducing the risk of torsional fracture during use. These findings offer valuable insights for both clinicians selecting rotary files and manufacturers designing future iterations, ultimately contributing to improved safety and efficacy during root canal treatments.
The Effect of CLA Supplementation and High-Intensity Interval Training on Plasma Neuregulin 4, Interleukin 6, and TNF-α in Obese Men
Authors: Abbassi-Daloii Asieh , Barari Alireza , Bolboli Niloufar , Saeidi Ayoub , Zahabi Ghadir , García-Ramos Amador , Ilic Vladimir , Nedeljkovic Aleksandar 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
Background Despite extensive research, the effects of conjugated linoleic acid (CLA) supplementation in treating obesity are still unclear and equivocal. Adipokines play an important regulatory role in the activation of adipose tissue function. The purpose of the present research is to investigate the efficacy of CLA supplementation during high-intensity interval training (HIIT) on plasma neuregulin 4 (NRG-4), interleukin 6 (IL-6), and tumor necrosis factor α (TNF-α) in obese men.
Methodology Forty-four nonactive, obese males (age = 26.29 ± 0.97 y, body mass index [BMI] = 32.29 ± 1.27 kg/m2) participated in this research. Participants were randomly divided into four groups: control, without training or CLA supplementation; supplement, CLA supplementation without training; exercise, HIIT without CLA supplementation; supplement + exercise, HIIT with CLA supplementation. HIIT was performed for 12 weeks, three sessions per week, with a training intensity ranging from 60 to 75% of the VO2 max on a treadmill. Subjects in the CLA supplement groups consumed two 1-g CLA capsules daily in two meals with breakfast and dinner. The amount of plasma NRG-4, IL-6, and TNF-α was measured using an ELISA (enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay) kit. Various variables were collected at two time points (pretest and posttest).
Results The study found that both the HIIT and HIIT + CLA groups showed greater improvements in weight and BMI compared with the other groups. Notably, posttest levels of NRG-4 were significantly higher in the CLA, HIIT, and HIIT + CLA groups compared with the control group (p < 0.001). Additionally, following the intervention period, IL-6 levels in the HIIT + CLA group and TNF-α levels in the HIIT and HIIT + CLA groups were significantly lower than in the control group (p < 0.001).
Conclusion CLA supplementation, in conjunction with HIIT, emerges as a highly effective approach and more benefits on the amount of adipokines secreted from fat tissue in obese people than either of them separately.
Influence of Body Mass Index on Health-Related Physical Fitness in School-Going Children of North and South Mangaluru
Authors: Shetty Nischitha U. , Chippala Purusotham 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
Background Being underweight, overweight, or obese has a negative impact on health outcomes in adulthood. Focusing on body mass index (BMI) since childhood may improve the quality of life and well-being of an individual in future.
Objective The aim of this study was to find the correlation of low, normal, and high BMI with health-related physical fitness components of the FITNESSGRAM test battery in school-going children of North and South Mangaluru.
Materials and Methods The study analyzed 166 respondents aged 5 to 10 years from seven Dakshina Kannada Zilla Panchayat schools in Mangaluru city. The children were divided into three groups (low, normal, and high BMI) based on their World Health Organization (WHO) growth chart standards, and they were assessed for health-related physical fitness using the FITNESSGRAM test battery.
Results There was a strong positive correlation of normal, low, and high BMI with FITNESSGRAM tests such as skinfold measurements of triceps (r = 0.903, 0.889, and 0.913). and calf (r = 0.881, 0.889, and 0.900), curl-up (r = 0.787, 0.776, and 0.881), and 90-degree pushup (r = 0.816, 0.769, and 0.858). The progressive aerobic cardiovascular endurance run (PACER) had a weak positive correlation with normal BMI (r = 0.122), moderate positive with low BMI (r = 0.301), and moderate negative with high BMI (r = −0.584), while the trunk lift test had a moderate positive correlation with normal, low, and high BMI (r = 0.618, 0.640, and 0.641).
Conclusion The study concludes that there is a positive correlation between BMI and health-related physical fitness components of FITNESSGRAM in school-going children of North and South Mangaluru.
A tale of two cities: regulating lobbying through public and private instruments in Brussels and Washington D.C
Authors: Năstase Andreea 
Published: November 2024

AbstractThis article explores the relationship between public (i.e. government-led) and private (i.e. industry-led) forms of lobby regulation, by inquiring over the conditions that render a mix between these two regulatory forms more likely. Drawing on the governance of professions scholarship, it presents a theoretically informed comparison between two jurisdictions—the US (federal level) and the EU (supranational level)—where the public regulation of lobbying is built on different models, namely a command-and-control model based on legally binding rules in the US and a cooperative model based on incentives and rewards in the EU. Findings show that, although formal public–private regulatory mixes are not present in either jurisdiction, the EU regulators have hewn closer to this arrangement by coopting lobbyists’ professional associations as semi-permanent but unofficial governance ‘allies’. This outcome is due to an amalgam of factors, chief among which is the severity of political scandals involving lobbyists, which affects policymakers’ reputational incentives for framing the public regulation of lobbying as a punitive or cooperative intervention. Methodologically, the article uses a combination of documentary analysis and expert interviews with lobby practitioners and public regulators on both sides of the Atlantic.
A study of cognitive factor sequences and relations to creativity quality levels
Authors: Yin Yuan , Childs Peter R. N. 
Published: November 2024

AbstractCognitive factors such as association, memory, and combination have been verified to be related to the creative design process. However, limited research has considered the effects of cognitive factors and their interaction on creative processes in practical creative design processes. This study aimed to detect the interactive effects of cognitive factors on creative processes in a practical creative design process. In particular, how the sequence of cognitive factors affects creativity quality levels of the creative solutions was investigated. Seventy-one participants were recruited to undertake a design task using the think-aloud method. The results of this study are as follows. (i) The sequences of cognitive factors can contribute to different creativity quality levels of solutions. The sequence of semantic memory, common association, remote association, episodic memory, remote combination, idea expression, and idea evaluation is more likely to lead to a higher creativity quality level of solutions. (ii) The repetition of the same cognitive factor in a creative design process, especially semantic memory, does not necessarily contribute to a high-creativity-quality-level solution. (iii) Creativity quality levels of solutions are related to how many cognitive factors categories are involved in the creative design process. The more cognitive factors included, the higher the creativity quality of the solutions will be.
MKIDGen3: Energy-resolving, single-photon-counting microwave kinetic inductance detector readout on a radio frequency system-on-chip
Authors: Smith Jennifer Pearl , Bailey John I. , Cuda Aled , Zobrist Nicholas , Mazin Benjamin A. 
Published: November 2024

Microwave Kinetic Inductance Detectors (MKIDs) are superconducting detectors capable of single-photon counting with energy resolution across the ultraviolet, optical, and infrared (UVOIR) spectrum with microsecond timing precision. MKIDs are also multiplexable, providing a feasible way to create large-format, cryogenic arrays for sensitive imaging applications in biology, astronomy, and quantum information. Building large, cryogenic MKID arrays requires processing highly multiplexed, wideband readout signals in real time; this task has previously required large, heavy, and power-intensive custom electronics. In this work, we present the third-generation UVOIR MKID readout system (Gen3), which is capable of reading out twice as many detectors with an order of magnitude lower power, weight, volume, and cost-per-pixel as compared to the previous system. Gen3 leverages the Xilinx RFSoC4x2 platform to read out 2048, 1 MHz MKID channels per board. The system takes a modern approach to FPGA design using Vitis High-Level Synthesis to specify signal processing blocks in C/C++, Vivado ML intelligent design runs to inform implementation strategy and close timing, and Python productivity for Zynq to simplify interacting with and programming the FPGA using Python. This design suite and tool flow allows general users to contribute to and maintain the design and positions Gen3 to rapidly migrate to future platforms as they become available. In this work, we describe the system requirements, design, and implementation. We also provide performance characterization details and show that the system achieves detector-limited resolving power in the case of few readout tones and minimal degradation with all 2048 tones. Planned upgrades and future work are also discussed. The Gen3 MKID readout system is fully open-source and is expected to facilitate future array scaling to megapixel-sized formats and increase the feasibility of deploying UVOIR MKIDs in space.
Learning glass transition temperatures via dimensionality reduction with data from computer simulations: Polymers as the pilot case
Authors: Glova Artem , Karttunen Mikko 
Published: November 2024

Machine learning methods provide an advanced means for understanding inherent patterns within large and complex datasets. Here, we employ the principal component analysis (PCA) and the diffusion map (DM) techniques to evaluate the glass transition temperature (Tg) from low-dimensional representations of all-atom molecular dynamic simulations of polylactide (PLA) and poly(3-hydroxybutyrate) (PHB). Four molecular descriptors were considered: radial distribution functions (RDFs), mean square displacements (MSDs), relative square displacements (RSDs), and dihedral angles (DAs). By applying Gaussian Mixture Models (GMMs) to analyze the PCA and DM projections and by quantifying their log-likelihoods as a density-based metric, a distinct separation into two populations corresponding to melt and glass states was revealed. This separation enabled the Tg evaluation from a cooling-induced sharp increase in the overlap between log-likelihood distributions at different temperatures. Tg values derived from the RDF and MSD descriptors using DM closely matched the standard computer simulation-based dilatometric and dynamic Tg values for both PLA and PHB models. This was not the case for PCA. The DM-transformed DA and RSD data resulted in Tg values in agreement with experimental ones. Overall, the fusion of atomistic simulations and DMs complemented with the GMMs presents a promising framework for computing Tg and studying the glass transition in a unified way across various molecular descriptors for glass-forming materials.