bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Vitamin D deficiency predicts severe acute pancreatitis
Authors: Huh Ji Hye , Kim Jae Woo , Lee Kyong Joo 
Published: October 2018

BackgroundThe ability to predict the severity of disease is important to reduce morbidity and mortality in patients with acute pancreatitis (AP). Vitamin D deficiency has been associated with severity in various diseases.ObjectiveThis study was conducted to assess vitamin D as a predictor of disease severity in patients with AP.MethodsPatients with AP were prospectively enrolled at Yonsei University Wonju College of Medicine from March 2015 to September 2017. Serum vitamin D was analyzed as soon as AP was diagnosed. The level of vitamin D was classified as normal (>20 ng/ml), insufficient (>10 and ≤20 ng/ml) or deficient (≤10 ng/ml).ResultsAmong 242 patients with AP, the prevalence of vitamin D deficiency was 56.2%, and 28.5% of patients had vitamin D insufficiency. Serum vitamin D level was negatively correlated with severity indexes, such as the Atlanta classification, Computed Tomography Severity Index, Bedside Index for Severity of Acute Pancreatitis, and Ranson score. The prevalence of vitamin D deficiency increased with severity of AP according to the Atlanta classification. Vitamin D deficiency was the independent factor for predicting severe AP (OR 5.37, 95% CI 1.13–25.57, p = 0.015) and intensive care unit admission (OR 3.09, 95% CI 1.24–7.69, p = 0.035).ConclusionVitamin D deficiency is associated with increased severity of AP and is a predictor for intensive care unit admission.
Comparison to Color Stability Between Amine with Benzoyl Peroxide Includes Resin Cement and Amine-reduced, Amine-free, Lacking of Benzoyl Peroxide Resin Cements After Thermocycle
Authors: Alkurt Murat , Duymus Zeynep Yesil 
Published: October 2018

Objective: This study aims to compare the color change (Δ E) of 5 resin cements (Panavia SA, Panavia V5, RelyX U200, Variolink NLC clear and +1) after thermocycling. Changes in color of specimens were determined after 10,000 cycles of thermocycling by spectrophotometer in the CIELAB. Materials and Methods: Ceramic disks, simulating laminate veneers, with thicknesses of 0.5, 0.7, and 1.0 mm (A1, IPS e.max) were fabricated. Color differences (Δ E) between the control and test groups were calculated. Data were statistically analyzed by 2-way analysis of variance (ANOVA). Also, Tukey’s multiple comparison tests were applied to know the difference between the groups (α = 0.05). Results: The factors of cement type and thickness of ceramic showed significant influence on Δ E values ( P < .05). After thermocycling, all resin cements, except benzoyl peroxide including resin cement (Pan SA), were showed clinically acceptable to color change limits (Δ E < 3.3). On evaluating the effects of ceramic thickness on color change after thermocyle aging, control group (no ceramic thickness) showed color change ( P < .05) visually. Conclusion: Amine-reduced, amine-free and lacking benzoyl peroxide resin cement showed minimal color change and better color stability.
Jak2V617F and Dnmt3a loss cooperate to induce myelofibrosis through activated enhancer-driven inflammation
Authors: Jacquelin Sebastien , Straube Jasmin , Cooper Leanne , Vu Therese , Song Axia , Bywater Megan , Baxter Eva , Heidecker Matthew , Wackrow Brad , Porter Amy , Ling Victoria , Green Joanne , Austin Rebecca , Kazakoff Stephen , Waddell Nicola , Hesson Luke B. , Pimanda John E. , Stegelmann Frank , Bullinger Lars , Döhner Konstanze , Rampal Raajit K. , Heckl Dirk , Hill Geoffrey R. , Lane Steven W. 
Published: October 2018

Abstract
Myeloproliferative neoplasms (MPNs) are a group of blood cancers that arise following the sequential acquisition of genetic lesions in hematopoietic stem and progenitor cells (HSPCs). We identify mutational cooperation between Jak2V617F expression and Dnmt3a loss that drives progression from early-stage polycythemia vera to advanced myelofibrosis. Using in vivo, clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats (CRISPR) with CRISPR-associated protein 9 (Cas9) disruption of Dnmt3a in Jak2V617F knockin HSPC, we show that Dnmt3a loss blocks the accumulation of erythroid elements and causes fibrotic infiltration within the bone marrow and spleen. Transcriptional analysis and integration with human data sets identified a core DNMT3A-driven gene-expression program shared across multiple models and contexts of Dnmt3a loss. Aberrant self-renewal and inflammatory signaling were seen in Dnmt3a−/− Jak2V617F HSPC, driven by increased chromatin accessibility at enhancer elements. These findings identify oncogenic cooperativity between Jak2V617F-driven MPN and Dnmt3a loss, leading to activation of HSPC enhancer–driven inflammatory signaling.
RETRACTED ARTICLE: Tumour-originated exosomal miR-155 triggers cancer-associated cachexia to promote tumour progression
Authors: Wu Qi , Sun Si , Li Zhiyu , Yang Qian , Li Bei , Zhu Shan , Wang Lijun , Wu Juan , Yuan Jingping , Yang Changhua , Li Juanjuan , Sun Shengrong 
Published: October 2018

AbstractEmerging evidence supports the pivotal roles of cancer-associated cachexia in breast cancer progression. However, the mediators and mechanisms that mediate cancer-induced cachexia remain unclear. Here, we show that breast cancer-derived exosomes alter adipocytes and muscle cells in terms of increased catabolism characterized by the release of metabolites. Likewise, tumour cells cocultivated with mature adipocytes or C2C12 exhibit an aggressive phenotype through inducing epithelial-mesenchymal transition. Mechanistically, we show that cancer cell-secreted miR-155 promotes beige/brown differentiation and remodel metabolism in resident adipocytes by downregulating the PPARγ expression, but does not significantly affect biological conversion in C2C12. In vitro the use of propranolol ameliorates tumour exosomes-associated cachectic wasting through upregulating the PPARγ expression. These results demonstrate that cancer-derived exosomes reprogram systemic energy metabolism and accelerate cancer-associated cachexia to facilitate tumour progression.
Validation of a novel method for localization of parathyroid adenomas using SPECT/CT
Authors: LeBlanc Rachelle A. , Isaac Andre , Abele Jonathan , Biron Vincent L. , Côté David W. J. , Hearn Matthew , O'Connell Daniel A. , Seikaly Hadi , Harris Jeffrey R. 
Published: October 2018

Background Accurate localization of parathyroid adenomas is of critical importance in surgical planning for minimally invasive parathyroidectomy. SPECT/CT is considered the investigation of choice but has limitations regarding localization of superior versus inferior adenomas. We proposed a novel method for localization using SPECT/CT by determining the anterior-posterior relationship of the adenoma to a horizontal line in the coronal plane through the tracheoesophageal groove. Our objective was to determine the accuracy, validity, and inter-rater reliability of this method. Method This was a retrospective review of patients who underwent parathyroidectomy for a single adenoma between 2010-2017. SPECT/CT images were reviewed by two staff Otolaryngologists, a Radiologist, an Otolaryngology fellow and Otolaryngology resident. Results were compared using intra-operative report as the gold standard. Overall accuracy in determining superior/inferior and right/left adenomas was calculated, as well as Cohen's Kappa to determine agreement with operative report and inter-rater reliability. The performance was compared to that of the original radiology report. Results One hundred thirty patients met criteria and were included. Our method correctly identified the location of the adenoma in terms of both side and superior/inferior position in 80.4% [76 - 84%] of patients, which considerably outperformed the original radiology report at 48.5% [4-78%] accuracy. The agreement level between our method and operative report was high (Kappa=0.717 [0.691-0.743]), as was the inter-rater reliability (Kappa=0.706 [0.674-0.738]). Conclusion We report a novel method for localization of parathyroid adenomas using SPECT/CT which outperforms standard radiology reporting. This tool can be used by surgeons and radiologists to better inform and plan for minimally invasive parathyroidectomy.
High expectancy and early response produce optimal effects in sertraline treatment for post-traumatic stress disorder
Authors: Graham Belinda , Garcia Natalia M. , Burton Mark S. , Cooper Andrew A. , Roy-Byrne Peter P. , Mavissakalian Matig R. , Feeny Norah C. , Zoellner Lori A. 
Published: October 2018

BackgroundBetter indicators of prognosis are needed to personalise post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) treatments.AimsWe aimed to evaluate early symptom reduction as a predictor of better outcome and examine predictors of early response.MethodPatients with PTSD (N= 134) received sertraline or prolonged exposure in a randomised trial. Early response was defined as 20% PTSD symptom reduction by session two and good end-state functioning defined as non-clinical levels of PTSD, depression and anxiety.ResultsEarly response rates were similar in prolonged exposure and sertraline (40 and 42%), but in sertraline only, early responders were four times more likely to achieve good end-state functioning at post-treatment (Number Needed to Treat = 1.8, 95% CI 1.28–3.00) and final follow-up (Number Needed to Treat = 3.1, 95% CI 1.68–16.71). Better outcome expectations of sertraline also predicted higher likelihood of early response.ConclusionsHigher expectancy of sertraline coupled with early response may produce a cascade-like effect for optimal conditions for long-term symptom reduction. Therefore, assessing expectations and providing clear treatment rationales may optimise sertraline effects.Declaration of interest:None.
WHAT IS FUNCTIONAL/NEUROMOTOR FITNESS?
Authors: Stenger Leslie 
Published: October 2018

Apply It!SUMMARY STATEMENTPULLED TEXT
Functional training is a broad and confusing concept because of the multitude of definitions and applications. The aim of this article is to:
1) review the multitude of definitions for functional fitness from respected health and fitness professionals.
2) translate the complexities of functional fitness into context for practical application by health and fitness professionals.
3) apply general programming guidelines to the development of a functional neuromotor program.
Functional training can be any type of training that is performed with a purpose to enhance movement and/or performance of movement. The purpose is defined by the defined goal or desired outcome or the program and that outcome is developed through the collaboration of the health and fitness professional and the client, patient, athlete based on their specific abilities, their readiness to change, and the environment the program will take place.
“There are two factors that influence your response when you are asked to define functional training: your perception, which results from experience, knowledge, and education, and you own specialization in the field.”
“Specialization influences the desired outcome of a field that has been divided into three professions: strength and conditioning, personal training, and physical therapy. These three professions have merged into what is now referred to as a performance specialist.”
“Performance specialist offers services to individuals that participate in active occupations such as the military, firefighters, police, emergency medical personnel, etc. Functional training aligns with active occupations that can benefit from training that is specific to the skills that transfer to the efficient movement patterns associated with the specific job.”
Different drying temperatures modulate chemical and antioxidant properties of mandai cempedak (Artocarpus integer)
Authors: Rahmadi Anton , Sabarina Yuliana , Agustin Sukmiyati 
Published: October 2018

Background: Mandai, the fermented inner skin of cempedak (Artocarpus integer), may have further use as industrial ingredient while maintaining its antioxidative capacity. To promote fermentation, Lactobacillus casei was induced as the starter culture. This research was carried out (i) to investigate the effect of temperature on yield, chemical properties, and antioxidant activity of starter induced fermented mandai powder, (ii) to find the best drying temperature for the powder, and (iii) to find correlations between phenolic contents and antioxidant activity of the powder. Methods: The drying temperature was used as the variable, and was set at 45, 50, and 55°C at a fixed duration of 18 hours. The control was spontaneously fermented mandai dried at 50°C for 18 hours. Total phenolic content (TPC), hydrolyzed tannic content (HTC), and total flavonoid content (TFC) were spectrophotometrically measured, expressed gallic acid (GAE), tannic acid (TAE), and catechin (CAE) equivalents. Antioxidant capacity was measured by DPPH assay. Results: The best mandai powder had total phenolic content of 348.8±55.6 mg GAE kg-1, HTC of 143.8±9.3 mg TAE kg-1, TFC of 17.5±1.3 mg CAE kg-1, antioxidant activity (IC50) of 56.96 ppm, ash content of 4.0±0.7%, pH value of 5.0±0.8, and yield of 9.3±0.8%. There was a strong correlation between TPC, HTC, TFC, and the antioxidant activity. Conclusions: Drying temperature affected all observed parameters but not ash and pH. Temperature of 45°C emerged as the best treatment to produce mandai powder from L. casei-inoculated mandai cempedak fermentation. The antioxidant activity of mandai cempedak was contributed by the phenolic components.
Mutual Expectations of Employers and Graduates: a Comparative Analysis
Authors: Казакова Ю. , Kazakova Yu. , Охотников О. , Ohotnikov O. 
Published: October 2018

The article is devoted to the problems of attracting personnel to vacancies of mass positions in the companies of the retail sphere of activity. In particular, Modern trends in the labor market and the market of educational services, their interaction today can have a special impact on the state of the domestic economy. In this regard, the purpose of this article is a comparative analysis of career expectations of graduates and the labor market through the description of the requirements of employers. The empirical base is the data of a questionnaire survey of students aged 19 to 23 years on the basis of the Urfu in Yekaterinburg. Information base are career portals, open sources and data banks for job search. The relevance of the study is due to the existence of a gap in the views of employers and graduates of the requirements for young professionals entering the labor market. The results of the study have showed:
1. Own assessment of graduates of their professional readiness for personal development and career is divorced from real ideas and knowledge about what skills and characteristic skills a young specialist should have.
2. The discrepancy between the expections and preferences of employers and graduates reflects the objective state of the gap between the market of educational services and the labor market.
The (Sun)Light and Dark of 25-Hydroxyvitamin D Testing
Authors: French Deborah 
Published: October 2018

Abstract

Background
Vitamin D is obtained by the body via sunlight on the skin, from the diet, or from supplementation. The primary function of vitamin D is to maintain calcium homeostasis and bone health, but in the past decade, numerous other health benefits have been proposed.

Content
With the increased awareness of the potential benefits of maintaining sufficient concentrations of 25-hydroxyvitamin D, clinicians began ordering this test for their patients much more frequently. The number of available methods increased, but with that came a larger focus on the challenges of measuring 25-hydroxyvitamin D accurately due to binding to vitamin D-binding protein and the presence of other vitamin D metabolites. Further, standardization of these assays became a focus for several organizations so that clinical guidelines can be applicable to every patient regardless of what methodology is used in 25-hydroxyvitamin D measurement.

Summary
Improvements are being made in the specificity, accuracy, and standardization of the measurement of 25-hydroxyvitamin D, and the future of this testing is looking brighter.
A Dual of the Chow Transformation
Authors: Méo Michel 
Published: October 2018

Abstract
We define a dual of the Chow transformation of currents on the complex projective space. This transformation factorizes a left inverse of the Chow transformation and its composition with the Chow transformation is a right inverse of a linear diferential operator. In such a way we complete the general scheme of integral geometry for the Chow transformation. On another hand we prove the existence of a well defined closed positive conormal current associated to every closed positive current on the projective space. This is a consequence of the existence of a dual current, defined on the dual projective space. This allows us to extend to the case of a closed positive current the known inversion formula for the conormal of the Chow divisor of an effective algebraic cycle.
Sequential decreasing strong size properties
Authors: Capulín Féelix , Lara Miguel A. , Orozco-Zitli Fernando 
Published: October 2018

Abstract
Let X be a continuum. The n-fold hyperspace Cn
(X), n < ∞, is the space of all nonempty closed subsets of X with at most n components. A topological property

P

$ \mathcal{P} $

is said to be a (an almost) sequential decreasing strong size property provided that if μ is a strong size map for Cn
(X,

{

t
j

}

j
=
1

∞

$ \{t_{j}\}_{j=1}^{\infty} $

is a sequence in the interval (t,1) such that lim tj
= t ∈ [0,1) (t ∈ (0,1)) and each fiber μ−1(tj
) has property

P

$ \mathcal{P} $

, then so does μ−1(t). In this paper we show that the following properties are sequential decreasing strong size properties: being a Kelley continuum, local connectedness, continuum chainability and, unicoherence. Also we prove that indecomposability is an almost sequential decreasing strong size property.
A note on automorphisms of lie ideals in prime rings
Authors: Davvaz Bijan , Arif Raza Mohd 
Published: October 2018

Abstract
In the present paper, we prove that a prime ring R with center Z satisfies s
4, the standard identity in four variables if R admits a non-identity automorphism σ such that (u
σ,u]v
σ+v
σ[u
σ,u])
n
∈Z for all u,v in some non-central Lie ideal L of R whenever either char(R)>n or char(R)=0, where n is a fixed positive integer.
Compliance of Agricultural Practices Used in Family Farms With Those Recommended in Organic Farming
Authors: Guiné Raquel P. F. , Costa Cristina A. 
Published: October 2018

Abstract
This research intended to evaluate to what extent the managers in family farms tend to adopt practices of organic farming and identify the possible factors that might be associated with those choices. For that, a survey was undertaken in Portuguese and Spanish municipalities. The participation, by direct interview, was voluntary and 125 valid responses were obtained distributed as: 30 in Viseu (PT), 30 in Braga (PT), 30 in Barcelos (PT), 16 in Pontevedra (SP) and 19 in Padron (SP). For the treatment of the data, basic descriptive statistics tools were used in combination with crosstabs and chi square tests. Also tree classifications were conducted following the Classification and Regression Trees algorithm. In all tests a level of significance of 5% was considered. The results identified factors that influenced the behaviour of the managers in family farms towards an approximation to organic farming practices, which were the level of education and municipality, found as major determinants of the level of compliance with organic farming practices. Also, other factors like age or gender influence, although to a lesser extent, the compliance with organic farming. These results were the same for the chisquare tests or the tree classification analysis, and they thus indicate that improvements could be achieved towards a more expressive adoption of organic farming practices if planned to target the influential factors identified.
The Relational Life of Trees. Ontological Aspects of “Tree-Ness” in the Early Bronze Age of Northern Europe
Authors: Fahlander Fredrik 
Published: October 2018

AbstractDuring the Early Bronze Age in northern Europe, tree-like features appear in henges, burials, and rock art in ways that differ from earlier periods. Rather than investigating this phenomenon in symbolic or metaphorical terms, a concept of tree-ness is explored that focuses on the real constitution of trees and what trees actually do. It is suggested that the accentuation of tree-ness in Early Bronze Age ritual contexts can be related to an ontological shift in conjunction with emerging bronze technology in which different entities can merge or take advantage of each other’s generative properties.
Fulfilling High Hopes? The Legitimacy Potential of the European Citizens’ Initiative
Authors: Waele de Henri , Mastenbroek Ellen 
Published: October 2018

Abstract
The European Citizens’ Initiative (ECI) constitutes the Union’s first genuine instrument of direct democracy. The first experiences with regard to its deployment have however proved disappointing, criticism of the instrument is mounting, and suggestions for reform abound. This raises the question whether the ECI holds any genuine potential to enhance the legitimacy of the EU - or whether it should at least in this regard be considered an ineffective, misguided experiment instead. The current paper provides a response by triangulating three types of data: legal insight and argument, empirical information with regard to the functioning of the instrument in the first five years of its operation, and a rational assessment of the procedure, now and in the future. This allows for a comprehensive reflection on the impact the ECI has had, and what impact it may yet have in the long or medium term, on the overall legitimacy of the EU.
The roots of clientelism in Iraqi Kurdistan and the efforts to fight it
Authors: Bali Ahmed Omar 
Published: October 2018

Abstract
This study examines the roots of clientelism in Iraqi Kurdistan and the effort to fight it. The clientelism system exists when a kind of deal is struck between those in power and clients in society who agree to exchange benefits. The political issues in Kurdistan particularly, corruption and lack of social justice have historical roots as a result of the accumulation of problems that have not been resolved by the client system that is adopted by the two political parties in power, namely the Patriotic Union of Kurdistan (PUK) and the Democratic Party of Kurdistan (KDP). The two political parties have monopolised the public sector, the Peshmerga and Security forces, as well as the economy, they have succeeded in controlling the larger part of society through clientelism. In hence, they used public funds, jobs and posts to buy people’s votes and loyalty. The opposition parties have been unable to exert pressure on the ruling parties who can buy the affiliation of people through the use of public finance. The opposition and independent media began to play a large role in highlighting the corruption and the client system.