bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Rheumatic Disorders and Autoimmune Thyroid Disease. A Common Co-occurrence With an Unusual Presentation- A Case Report
Authors: Manzoor Tehreem , Ali Aiman , Masood Rida , Kashif Syed Muhammad , Alam Muhammad Tanveer 
Published: November 2024

Abstract

Introduction
Graves’ disease (GD) and systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) are two autoimmune disorders well known for their co-existence. Shared genetic susceptibility loci are being increasingly identified, confirming the causal bidirectional association between the two.
Case Presentation
Our case involves a young woman who presented with chronic symptoms of hyperthyroidism along with anemia, goitre, respiratory distress, and a recent onset of rheumatism. Diagnostic investigations fulfilled the criteria of GD along with SLE and Sjogren’s overlap. Pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH) was detected via echocardiography, likely indicating the complex interplay between SLE and GD. Significant fetal and embryonic mortality raised the suspicion of anti-phospholipid syndrome, leading to the detection of anti-phospholipid antibodies. The likelihood of adrenal insufficiency and Autoimmune Polyglandular syndrome type 2 was also addressed. The patient was managed with anti-thyroid medications, steroids, and PAH-specific therapy. Our case is unique, as it involves multiple autoimmune disorders of rheumatic and endocrine origin in the same patient. The uniqueness also lies in the temporal sequence of the disorders, with GD being antecedent to SLE, contrary to what the literature suggests.
Conclusion
Although the patient tragically died, the goal here was to reinforce the idea that autoimmune disorders are complex, revealing themselves in various forms. Scouting for comorbidities and adapting a holistic treatment approach is prudent when dealing with these ailments. The social and financial dilemmas leading to noncompliance with treatment and its detrimental effects are also highlighted.
Gender-Specific Patterns in Social Visual Attention Among Individuals with Autistic Traits
Authors: Zhang Ludan , Guan Xin , Xue Huiqin , Liu Xiaoya , Zhang Bo , Liu Shuang , Ming Dong 
Published: November 2024

Abstract

Background
Autism is a neurodevelopmental condition with more prevalent in males, and its gender differences emerge in prevalence and core symptoms. However, most studies investigating the behavioral and cognitive features of autism tend to include more male samples, leading to a male-biased understanding. The gender imbalance limits the specificity of these features, especially considering female individuals with autism. Hence, it is necessary to explore gender-related differences with behavioral–cognitive traits linked to autism in the general population.
Methods
In this study, we designed a dynamic emotion-discrimination task to investigate gender differences in attention to emotional stimuli in general population with autistic traits. Behavioral and eye movement data were recorded during the task, and the Autism-Spectrum Quotient (AQ) was used to assess autistic traits. We drew heat maps and quantified the proportion of fixation time to analysis the gaze patterns of male and female groups.
Results
It was observed that there were significant differences in attention to the eye regions, particularly with females focus more to eyes than males. Moreover, we conducted correlation analyses between AQ scores and proportional fixation time to the eye region in two groups separately. Lower eye-looking was associated with higher level of autistic traits in males, but not in females.
Conclusions
Overall, the above results reveal the pattern of scanning faces differed in females and males, and autistic traits predicted trend of eye-looking in males. These findings suggest that the gender-related stratification in social attention among individuals with autistic traits, and these differences need to be considered during clinical diagnosis.
Load Identification with Photovoltaic Distributed Generation and a Novel Public High-Frequency Dataset
Authors: Aguiar Everton L. , Bernardi Ricardo , Lazzaretti André E. , Pipa Daniel R. , Carati Emerson G. , Cardoso Rafael 
Published: November 2024

Abstract

This paper addresses the identification and classification of Distributed Generation (DG) connected to the secondary distribution network based on the Non-Intrusive Load Monitoring framework. We built a new public dataset with real-world data comprising samples of electrical variables aggregating loads and distributed generation data. Traditionally, NILM methods are concerned with disaggregating, identifying, and classifying electrical loads. On the other hand, Behind the Meter (BTM) estimation methods separate the consumption of electrical loads from the DG power generated by prosumers. Our work expands the traditional NILM and BTM analysis, presenting an ablation study of DG’s impact on the identification of electrical loads and the impact that aggregate loads represent for the identification of DG. We use state-of-the-art deep learning-based methods for disaggregation and classification on our new dataset and achieved up to 100% F1-Score for DG identification and up to 98% F1-Score for load disaggregation with the presence of DG.
“I’ve seen it work elsewhere… where you can’t get staff”: Clinicians’ and healthcare leaders’ perspectives on the suitability of virtual healthcare in metropolitan versus rural and remote areas.
Authors: McGrath Kelly , Grogan Caroline , Barron Andrew , Smith Ian , Kanagarajah Shanthi , Smith Sue-Ellen , Fisher Olivia 
Published: November 2024

Abstract

Introduction
Australia has a geographically tiered health system which is reinforced by a long-term pattern of urban-centric policymaking. As a result, people living in rural and remote areas have poor health outcomes, a high rate of preventable hospitalisations, and premature death. Virtual healthcare has been proposed as a strategy for improving geographical health equity, but many clinicians and health service leaders consider telehealth and virtual healthcare to be substandard compared with traditional face-to-face delivery. It is important to ensure that new services for people in rural and remote areas are designed and delivered to the same standard as traditional health services in metropolitan areas.
Methods
This was a qualitative thematic study with a focus on identification of hidden meaning representing unconscious bias. Interviews were conducted with clinicians and health service leaders (February-July 2023, Queensland, Australia) to inform the design and delivery of a new private virtual hospital. Three rounds of analysis were conducted by three coders using reflexive practices.
Results
26 participants: 5 health service leaders, 3 clinicians, and 18 who were both a leader and clinician. Three themes were identified: 1) traditional face-to-face healthcare is better than telehealth; 2) virtual healthcare offers an opportunity for rural and remote residents with limited access to face-to-face healthcare; 3) telehealth is better than nothing. Theme three focused on participants’ acceptance of substandard healthcare when the alternative is no healthcare at all.
Discussion
Taken together, the three themes indicate a tacit acceptance of a lower standard of healthcare for people living in rural and remote areas. This reflects a known urban-centric bias of healthcare policy makers. If a lower standard is considered acceptable because it is ‘better than nothing’ this may negatively influence the design/ delivery of virtual healthcare services in rural and remote areas. This urban-centric bias must be addressed to ensure equitable access to appropriate health services and health outcome equivalency.
Imposter Syndrome Across Surgical Subspecialties: Scratching the Surface
Authors: Brown Rebecca F , Posid Tasha , Lund Sarah , Cooper Amanda B , L'Hullier Joseph C , Sheppard Olabisi Ololade , Wu Esther , Zhang Jeannette , McKinley Sophia K , Zoumpou Theofano , Wieck Minna M , Bialowas Christie , Hendershot Kimberly M 
Published: November 2024

Abstract

Purpose Imposter syndrome (IS) is a “behavioral health phenomenon described as self-doubt of intellect, skills, or accomplishments among high-achieving individuals” that has been associated with psychological distress, burnout, anxiety, and depression, and has also been shown to negatively impact career retention and job performance. Previous studies, while rare, have demonstrated remarkably high rates of IS amongst surgical trainees, but include little information on contributing factors. The purpose of this study was to broadly explore IS in surgical trainees across specialties.Methods An anonymous electronic survey aimed at identifying the prevalence, severity, and underlying factors contributing to IS in surgical trainees was developed by members of the ASE Graduate Surgical Education Committee and distributed to list servs of surgical residents across specialties at twelve institutions. Descriptive statistics, univariate analysis, and multivariable analysis were performed to identify differences in and factors contributing to IS.Results A total of 155 survey responses were received. Seventy-one percent of respondents report significant or intense IS, with women demonstrating more severe IS. Residents identified interactions with peers or other residents as triggering more feelings of IS compared to faculty or patients. Prior IS training, feeling a sense of belonging in residency, and lower incidence of microaggressions were associated with less severe IS.Conclusions IS remains prevalent and severe amongst surgical trainees. Although previous work has identified many personal factors that contribute to IS, this study is one of the first of its kind to identify environmental and experiential (context-dependent) factors associated with more severe IS.
Different straw lengths and burial modes affect the salt distribution in coastal saline soil and the regulation of salt stress resistance in tomato
Authors: Huang Da , Guo Yugeng , Chen Sheng , Wang Zhenchang , Sun Boming , Niu yingyuan , Dong Shiquan 
Published: November 2024

Abstract

Aims Soil salinization poses a significant threat to global agricultural development. To enhance the effectiveness of saline soil improvement, the study innovatively utilized a combination of powder straw interlayer and topsoil mixing for straw returning to the field. Methods A tomato pot experiment was conducted to compare the effects of different straw lengths (S50: 50 mm, S10: 10 mm, S2: 2 mm) and burial modes (Wi: interlayer, Wm: topsoil mixing, Wim: interlayer and topsoil mixing) on the soil salt distribution, tomato root biochemical indexes, fruit yield and dry matter weight of above-ground. Results The study found that: (1) The salt distribution was significantly influenced by the method of straw returning. Straw burial mode had a greater impact than straw length. (2) The S50Wim, S10Wim, and S2Wim treatments exhibited more significant differences on the vertical non-uniform distribution of salt, thereby promoting the regulation of tomato roots in response to salt stress and effectively mitigating its adverse effects. (3)The S2Wim treatment can significantly improve tomato fruit yield and dry matter weight of above-ground. Compared to the CK treatment, tomato fruit yield and dry matter weight of above-ground increased significantly by 89.03% (P < 0.05) and 59.28% (P < 0.05), respectively. Conslusion It was concluded that the straw returning method that combined a 2 mm straw interlayer and topsoil mixing (S2Wim) can effectively optimize the salt distribution of coastal saline soil, promote the regulation of tomatoes to salt stress, alleviate the adverse effects of salt stress, and ultimately improve tomato fruit yield.
­­­Utilizing cloud-based BIM platforms for sustainable decision making in educational architecture design
Authors: Abbas Zahraa Mustafa , Rizko Nawfal Joseph 
Published: November 2024

Abstract

With the search for a sustainable construction process, building information modeling (BIM) emerged as a powerful agent. BIM is an innovative technology and technique that evolved the perspective of buildings like how they are planned, imagined, managed, and created. Designers are using BIM expertise to improve quality, save costs, and even create solutions to tackle the above-mentioned issues the study aims to propose the utilization of cloud-based BIM platforms for sustainable decision making in educational architectural design. The following methods are used for cloud-based BIM technology Data Collection. In this method, architectural designs, structural characteristics, material specifications, and energy use of educational buildings will be generated using cloud-based BIM systems. After collecting the data, accuracy, and consistency should be ensured by cleaning and standardizing the collected data which is called pre-processing. Moving on to the next step is reducing dimensionality with the use of “Principal Component Analysis (PCA)”, to overcome the issue which focuses on important factors that have a major influence on energy usage and sustainability. Following dimensionality reduction comes the Regression analysis which is done by Light Gradient Boosting Machine - Neural Network - Model Predictive Control (LightGBM-NN based MPC) is used in this case for Analyzing. For Classification, a hybrid technique Support Vector Machine - Neural Network - Genetic Algorithm (SVM-NN-GA) is used here. At last, ultimately, we create Sustainable decision-making frameworks that include classification outcomes while considering sustainability in the long term. Finally, the performance of this work is measured through the following performance metrics, Accuracy, Precision, Recall, F-1 Score, Root Mean Square Error.
Acetoacetate Ameliorates Skin Fibrosis by Modulating TGF-β1/Smad2/3 Signaling Pathway
Authors: Shang Ting , Li Linxiao , Miao Xiaohui , Huang Jieshen , Jiang Yu , Lu Wuyan , Cai Zixin , Lu Yishu , Kang Hui , Li Shuaijun , Huang Jiefeng 
Published: November 2024

Abstract

Skin fibrosis is a progressive pathologic outcome of prolonged healing of cutaneous wound which has been well accepted as a metabolic disease in recent study. However, the impact of ketone body metabolism on the development of cutaneous fibrosis remains largely unknown. Here, we found that ketone body metabolism was impaired in both human scars and bleomycin induced skin fibrogenesis of mouse by bioinformatics analysis, which was further evidenced by downregulated expression of key modulators of ketone metabolism including BDH1, OXCT1, and ACAT1. With knockdown of OXCT1, a spontaneous onset of fibrosis in normal skin and exacerbation of bleomycin induced skin fibrogenesis was observed. In dermal fibroblasts treated with TGF-β1, knockdown of OXCT1 improved their phenotype transition to myofibroblasts. Mechanistic studies indicated that phosphorylation of Smad2/3 signaling was markedly suppressed by acetoacetate (AcAc) supplementation. More importantly, we found that local administration remarkably alleviated fibrosis of bleomycin treated skin in mouse. Thus, our findings underscore the therapeutic potential of AcAc as an alternative intervention for skin fibrosis.
Prevalence and associated factors of atrial fibrillation among acute stroke patients at public referral hospitals, Bahir Dar, Ethiopia, 2024. A multicenter, four years retrospective cross-sectional study.
Authors: Molla Elias , Ayele Yihealem Yabebal , Ayenew Tewodros , Mekonen Alemtsehay , Yirdaw Agreye Kassa 
Published: November 2024

Abstract

Background
The prevalence of stroke and daily adjusted life-years lost is increasing in Sub Saharan African countries, where valvular heart disease is common. However, adequate data is lacking regarding the association of atrial fibrillation in acute stroke patients.
Objective
To assess the prevalence of atrial fibrillation and associated factors in acute stroke patients admitted to public referral hospitals from 2020 to 2023, Bahir Dar, Ethiopia.
Methods
Institution based retrospective cross-sectional study was conducted, using sample size of 326, among acute stroke patients who were admitted to two public hospitals, from January 2020 to December 2023, Bahir Dar, Ethiopia. Pre-developed check list was used to extract data from the medical registry. Data were entered using Epidata manager version 4.6 and analyzed using SPSS version 27. Multivariate logistic regression analysis was used, considering a p-value of < 0.05 as statically significant, with a 95% confidence interval.
Results
The proportion of atrial fibrillation among acute stroke patients was 29.1% (95% CI, 24.3–34.4%). The mean age of the participants was 61.63 years [SD ± 16.24]. Age ≥ 65 years (AOR = 4.37, 95% CI 1.618–11.8), hypertension (AOR = 2, 95% CI 1.12–3.5), heart failure (AOR = 4.95, 95% CI 1.7–14.3) and rheumatic heart disease (AOR = 5.7, 95% CI 1.7–18.8) were significant factors associated with atrial fibrillation in acute stroke patients.
Conclusion
The prevalence of atrial fibrillation in acute stroke patients was high, particularly in the elderly, hypertensive, heart failure and rheumatic heart disease patients. Efficient work has to be conducted in addressing these risk factors.
Blood culture positive sepsis in England, 2017-2018: epidemiological assessment of the Commissioning for Quality and Innovation (CQUIN) sepsis indicator
Authors: Mulchandani Ranya , Packer Simon , Howkins Joshua , Robinson Carla , Lamagni Theresa , Bhattacharya Alex , Reynolds Rosy , Charlett Andre , Brown Colin , Hope Russell , Hopkins Susan , Oliver Isabel 
Published: November 2024

Abstract

Background
Sepsis remains a significant clinical and public health concern, necessitating timely identification and targeted management for improved patient outcomes. This study describes the epidemiology of sepsis in emergency department attendees across England by analysing a unique multi-site linked dataset to inform approaches to strengthen surveillance and understanding of clinical outcomes.
Methods
An existent study dataset was utilised comprising a sample of paediatric and adult emergency admissions screened for sepsis in the Commissioning for Quality and Innovation (CQUIN) program in the 2017/18 financial year linked to Hospital Episode Statistics and Office for National Statistics death registrations. This was linked to the United Kingdom Health Security Agency’s Second-Generation Surveillance System for microbiological data; descriptive analyses were conducted to characterise sepsis screen positives and negatives in CQUIN, including demographic characteristics, clinical presentations, microbiological profiles, and clinical outcomes.
Results
Of the 4027 sepsis-screened emergency admissions included, 2454 (60.9%) were sepsis screen positive under the CQUIN indicator. Only 11.2% had a positive blood culture taken within 2 days of hospital admission. Blood culture positivity rates were 15.2% for sepsis screen positive and 5.1% for screen negatives in CQUIN. Monomicrobial episodes predominated (86.5%), with Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus species being the most isolated bacteria. The study showed a case fatality rate of sepsis of 17.1% (420/2454) but revealed no significant difference in all-cause 30-day mortality between sepsis screen positives in CQUIN with and without positive blood cultures. However, sepsis screen positives in CQUIN with a focal site of infection code were more likely to have positive blood cultures, except for respiratory infections.
Conclusions
This study provides novel insights into the epidemiology of sepsis screening in emergency departments across England, highlighting variability in blood culture positivity rates and microbial profiles. The findings underscore the importance of enhanced surveillance strategies, optimised screening protocols, tailored antimicrobial stewardship practices, and quality improvement initiatives to optimise sepsis management and outcomes. Systemic approaches are needed to address knowledge gaps and inform evidence-based interventions for sepsis care.
JND-Based Illumination Compensationand DoG-Mask RCNN Optimization forAccurate Radish Image Segmentation
Authors: 冠宗 莫 
Published: November 2024

Abstract

The widespread application of deep learning in the agricultural field has advanced radish segmentation and detection technologies. However, the issue of high dynamic range in backlit images captured by smartphones affects the monitoring of radish growth. Deep learning-based methods tend to perform poorly in complex lighting conditions, struggling with background interference, overexposure, and information loss. In this paper, we propose a new DoG-Mask RCNN network based on JND (Just Noticeable Difference) visual contrast compensation preprocessing. The network incorporates data preprocessing techniques for challenging environments as input, where the DoG layer is used to suppress overexposure in special conditions and filter out irrelevant background information. This layer retains spot details through its filtering capabilities, while the increment layer ensures the integrity of the feature information. We conducted experiments on radish mixed with traditional crops in different challenging environments to demonstrate the effectiveness of our method in detecting radish parts under various conditions. Compared to the latest monitoring methods, our approach shows better detection stability.
Three-dimensional theoretical and experimental researches on quarter circular corner cracks in finite bodies
Authors: Feng Zhou , She Chongmin , Li Binchao , Yang Runze , Kang Jianming 
Published: November 2024

Abstract

The corner crack is a typical crack widely existing in three-dimensional(3D) structures, especially for the quarter circular corner crack. For a curved 3D crack such as the corner crack, the fracture prediction results will usually be imprecise if the plane-strain fracture criterion is used. In order to improve the accuracy of fracture prediction, a 3D fracture prediction method induced a new Tz-based equivalent thickness model is adopted to deal with the fracture strength for a circular corner crack in a finite body. It is found that the strongest Tz constraint plane will shift far from the mid-plane (45° normal plane along the crack front line) with increasing c/W (ratio of crack depth c to plate width W) in finite bodies. Based on systematic finite element analyses, a new equivalent thickness equation for the circular corner crack in a finite body is obtained. A new stress intensity factor equation is developed based on the Newman's equation, the upper limit of the c/W is extended from 0.2 to 0.95. In order to verify the 3D fracture prediction method, a new fracture test on the circular corner crack is conducted. The experimental results show that the new 3D method is more accurate than the traditional 2D fracture criterion. For a given specimen with a circular corner crack, the prediction error decreases from 35.3–2.2% under tensile loading.