bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
National Novel and New Architecture
Authors: Billiani Francesca , Pennacchietti Laura 
Published: September 2019

AbstractThis book traces the relationship between the novel and architecture in Italy during the Fascist regime (1922–1943). Our analysis reveals how common aesthetic principles underpinned the development of these superficially very different artistic forms. Through this approach, we consider how these shared principles functioned as cardinal points within the overall structure of the system of the arts articulated under and by the regime. This chapter discusses the relevant critical literature on the topic and situates the analysis against current scholarly debates.
Constructing the Novel
Authors: Billiani Francesca , Pennacchietti Laura 
Published: September 2019

AbstractIn this chapter, we map out the development of the novel under the Fascist regime. We outline the process of structuring the national novel under a dictatorship from a theoretical standpoint. Firstly, we discuss how and why the novel in general—as a form rooted in construction—and the new realist one in particular, assumed a privileged position within the Italian literary field of the 1920s and 1930s. In doing so, we also show how it contributed to the construction of the idea of State art, in both aesthetic and economic terms. Secondly, we examine the tensions between the creation of Italian novels and the publication of translations. Our conclusion is that the project of constructing a new Italian novel form in the context of State art was often eclipsed in popularity by foreign production.
900 and Quadrante: Theorizing an Interdisciplinary Aesthetic Model
Authors: Billiani Francesca , Pennacchietti Laura 
Published: September 2019

AbstractThis chapter looks at the journals 900 and Quadrante, arguing that they were two crucial platforms for the establishment of architecture and the novel as two intersecting modernizing projects grounded in the principles of rationalization, construction, the moral function of art, and an engagement with the real, and both committed to the construction of a modern Fascist culture. In his writings in 900, Bontempelli theorized and advocated an anti-rhetorical, anti-subjective and anti-decadent literature, which should aim to ‘build’ objects and create the new myths of modernity, taking architecture as a conceptual model. Quadrante followed in 900’ footsteps with its objective of forming a ‘united aesthetic front’, and establish rationalized, functional and realist forms of art as the Fascist ‘arte di stato”. While its main focus was architecture, interdisciplinary crossings were a central goal of the journal.
Conclusion
Authors: Billiani Francesca , Pennacchietti Laura 
Published: September 2019

AbstractThis chapter brings together all the argumentative treads developed in this book. By doing so, it maps key theoretical issues discussed in the individual chapters and shows how the arts contributed to the totalitarian project in general and to its anthropological revolution in particular. Finally, it argues for the importance of looking at the artistic and the political projects of the Ventennio as intertwined and mutually dependent.
The Hessian in Spin Foam Models
Authors: Kamiński Wojciech , Sahlmann Hanno 
Published: September 2019

Abstract
We fill one of the remaining gaps in the asymptotic analysis of the vertex amplitudes of the Engle–Pereira–Rovelli–Livine (EPRL) spin foam models: We show that the Hessian is nondegenerate for the stationary points that corresponds to geometric nondegenerate 4 simplices. Our analysis covers the case when all faces are spacelike.
Progression of Aortic Regurgitation After Subarterial Ventricular Septal Defect Repair: Optimal Timing of the Operation
Authors: Jung Hanna , Cho Joon Yong , Lee Youngok 
Published: September 2019

Abstract
In patients with subarterial ventricular septal defect (VSD), the progression of aortic regurgitation (AR) still remains unclear. This review is to identify the incidence of AR progression after VSD repair and to determine the optimal operation timing for subarterial VSD repair with or without aortic valve prolapse or AR. From January 2002 to December 2015, 103 patients who underwent subarterial VSD repair alone at our hospital were reviewed. All patients routinely underwent echocardiography (echo) performed by our pediatric cardiologists. The operative approach was through the pulmonary artery in all patients. The median age of patients at operation was 10 months (range 3 to 16.5 months). Eighty-nine patients (86.4%) underwent subarterial VSD closure before the age of 4 years. In the preoperative evaluation, 27.2% (28 patients) of the patients showed more than faint degree AR. The mean follow-up duration after VSD repair was 6.6 ± 4.0 years. In the latest follow-up echo after VSD repair, four patients had more than mild degree AR owing to aortic valve abnormalities or delayed operation period. Among them, AR progression occurred in only one patient (0.98%). Early and accurate assessment of the anatomical morphology of the aortic valve and optimal operation timing may be important to achieve better outcomes after repair and to prevent the development of aortic valve complications.
Ligandomes obtained from different HLA-class II-molecules are homologous for N- and C-terminal residues outside the peptide-binding cleft
Authors: Kampstra Arieke S.B. , van Heemst Jurgen , Janssen George M. , de Ru Arnoud H. , van Lummel Menno , van Veelen Peter A. , Toes René E.M. 
Published: September 2019

AbstractHuman CD4+ T lymphocytes play an important role in inducing potent immune responses. T cells are activated and stimulated by peptides presented in human leucocyte antigen (HLA)-class II molecules. These HLA-class II molecules typically present peptides of between 12 and 20 amino acids in length. The region that interacts with the HLA molecule, designated as the peptide-binding core, is highly conserved in the residues which anchor the peptide to the molecule. In addition, as these peptides are the product of proteolytic cleavages, certain conserved residues may be expected at the N- and C-termini outside the binding core. To study whether similar conserved residues are present in different cell types, potentially harbouring different proteolytic enzymes, the ligandomes of HLA-DRB1*03:01/HLA-DRB > 1 derived from two different cell types (dendritic cells and EBV-transformed B cells) were identified with mass spectrometry and the binding core and N- and C-terminal residues of a total of 16,568 peptides were analysed using the frequencies of the amino acids in the human proteome. Similar binding motifs were found as well as comparable conservations in the N- and C-terminal residues. Furthermore, the terminal conservations of these ligandomes were compared to the N- and C-terminal conservations of the ligandome acquired from dendritic cells homozygous for HLA-DRB1*04:01. Again, comparable conservations were evident with only minor differences. Taken together, these data show that there are conservations in the terminal residues of peptides, presumably the result of the activity of proteases involved in antigen processing.
Omnipresence of inflammasome activities in inflammatory bone diseases
Authors: Alippe Yael , Mbalaviele Gabriel 
Published: September 2019

AbstractThe inflammasomes are intracellular protein complexes that are assembled in response to a variety of perturbations including infections and injuries. Failure of the inflammasomes to rapidly clear the insults or restore tissue homeostasis can result in chronic inflammation. Recurring inflammation is also provoked by mutations that cause the constitutive assembly of the components of these protein platforms. Evidence suggests that chronic inflammation is a shared mechanism in bone loss associated with aging, dysregulated metabolism, autoinflammatory, and autoimmune diseases. Mechanistically, inflammatory mediators promote bone resorption while suppressing bone formation, an imbalance which over time leads to bone loss and increased fracture risk. Thus, while acute inflammation is important for the maintenance of bone integrity, its chronic state damages this tissue. In this review, we discuss the role of the inflammasomes in inflammation-induced osteolysis.
Powerfully nilpotent groups of maximal powerful class
Authors: Traustason G. , Williams J. 
Published: September 2019

AbstractIn this paper we continue the study of powerfully nilpotent groups started in Traustason and Williams (J Algebra 522:80–100, 2019). These are powerfulp-groups possessing a central series of a special kind. To each such group one can attach a powerful class that leads naturally to the notion of a powerful coclass and classification in terms of an ancestry tree. The focus here is on powerfully nilpotent groups of maximal powerful class but these can be seen as the analogs of groups of maximal class in the class of all finitep-groups. We show that for any given positive integerrand prime$$p>r$$p>r, there exists a powerfully nilpotent group of maximal powerful class and we analyse the structure of these groups. The construction uses the Lazard correspondence and thus we construct first a powerfully nilpotent Lie ring of maximal powerful class and then lift this to a corresponding group of maximal powerful class. We also develop the theory of powerfully nilpotent Lie rings that is analogous to the theory of powerfully nilpotent groups.
IonMonger: a free and fast planar perovskite solar cell simulator with coupled ion vacancy and charge carrier dynamics
Authors: Courtier N. E. , Cave J. M. , Walker A. B. , Richardson G. , Foster J. M. 
Published: September 2019

Abstract
Details of an open-source planar perovskite solar cell simulator, which includes ion vacancy migration within the perovskite layer coupled to charge carrier transport throughout the perovskite and adjoining transport layers in one dimension, are presented. The model equations are discretised in space using a finite element scheme, and temporal integration of the resulting system of differential algebraic equations is carried out in MATLAB. The user is free to modify device parameters, as well as the incident illumination and applied voltage. Time-varying voltage and/or illumination protocols can be specified, e.g. to simulate current–voltage sweeps, or to track the open-circuit conditions as the illumination is varied. Typical simulations, e.g. current–voltage sweeps, only require computation times of seconds to minutes on a modern personal computer. An example set of hysteretic current–voltage curves is presented.
Challenges and ways forward in pesticide emission and toxicity characterization modeling for tropical conditions
Authors: Gentil Céline , Fantke Peter , Mottes Charles , Basset-Mens Claudine 
Published: September 2019

AbstractPurposeIn tropical cropping systems, pesticides are extensively used to fight pests and ensure high crop yields. However, pesticide use also leads to environmental and health impacts. While pesticide emissions and impacts are influenced by farm management practices and environmental conditions, available Life Cycle Inventory (LCI) emission models and Life Cycle Impact Assessment (LCIA) toxicity characterization models are generally designed based on temperate conditions. There is, hence, a need for adapting LCI and LCIA models for evaluating pesticides under tropical conditions. To address this need, we aim to identify the characteristics that determine pesticide emissions and related impacts under tropical conditions, and to assess to what extent LCI and LCIA models need to be adapted to better account for these conditions.MethodsWe investigated the state-of-knowledge with respect to characteristics that drive pesticide emission patterns, environmental fate, human and ecological exposures, and toxicological effects under tropical conditions. We then discuss the applicability of existing LCI and LCIA models to tropical regions as input for deriving specific recommendations for future modeling refinements.Results and discussionOur results indicate that many pesticide-related environmental processes, such as degradation and volatilization, show higher kinetic rates under tropical conditions mainly due to higher temperatures, sunlight radiation, and microbial activity. Heavy and frequent rainfalls enhance leaching and runoff. Specific soil characteristics (e.g., low pH), crops, and cropping systems (e.g., mulching) are important drivers of distinct pesticide emission patterns under tropical conditions. Adapting LCI models to tropical conditions implies incorporating specific features of tropical cropping systems (e.g., intercropping, ground cover management), specific drift curves for tropical pesticide application techniques, and better addressing leaching processes. The validity domain of the discussed LCI and LCIA models could be systematically extended to tropical regions by considering tropical soil types, climate conditions, and crops, and adding active substances applied specifically under tropical conditions, including the consideration of late applications of pesticides before harvest and their effect on crop residues and subsequent human intake.ConclusionsCurrent LCI and LCIA models are not fully suitable for evaluating pesticide emissions and impacts for crops cultivated in tropical regions. Models should be adapted and parameterized to better account for various characteristics influencing emission and impact patterns under tropical conditions using best available data and knowledge. Further research is urgently required to improve our knowledge and data with respect to understanding and evaluating pesticide emission and impact processes under tropical conditions.
The Inhibition of CD39 and CD73 Cell Surface Ectonucleotidases by Small Molecular Inhibitors Enhances the Mobilization of Bone Marrow Residing Stem Cells by Decreasing the Extracellular Level of Adenosine
Authors: Adamiak Mateusz , Bujko Kamila , Brzezniakiewicz-Janus Katarzyna , Kucia Magda , Ratajczak Janina , Ratajczak Mariusz Z. 
Published: September 2019

Abstract
We have recently demonstrated that purinergic signaling in bone marrow (BM) microenvironment regulates mobilization of hematopoietic stem progenitor cells (HSPCs), mesenchymal stroma cells (MSCs), endothelial progenitor cells (EPCs), and very small embryonic like stem cells (VSELs) into the peripheral blood (PB). While extracellular adenosine triphosphate (ATP) promotes mobilization, its metabolite extracellular adenosine has an opposite effect. Since ATP is processed in extracellular space to adenosine by ectonucleotidases including cell surface expressed CD39 and CD73, we asked if inhibition of these enzymes by employing in vivo small molecular inhibitors ARL67156 and AMPCP of CD39 and CD73 respectively, alone or combined could enhance granulocyte stimulating factor (G-CSF)- and AMD3100-induced pharmacological mobilization of stem cells. Herein we report that pre-treatment of donor mice with CD39 and CD73 inhibitors facilitates the mobilization of HSPCs as well as other types of BM-residing stem cells. This data on one hand supports the role of purinergic signaling in stem cell trafficking, and on the other since both compounds are not toxic against human cells, they could be potentially employed in the clinic to enhance the mobilization of BM residing stem cells for clinical purposes.
Human-Like Guide Robot that Proactively Explains Exhibits
Authors: Iio Takamasa , Satake Satoru , Kanda Takayuki , Hayashi Kotaro , Ferreri Florent , Hagita Norihiro 
Published: September 2019

AbstractWe developed an autonomous human-like guide robot for a science museum. Its identifies individuals, estimates the exhibits at which visitors are looking, and proactively approaches them to provide explanations with gaze autonomously, using our new approach called speak-and-retreat interaction. The robot also performs such relation-building behaviors as greeting visitors by their names and expressing a friendlier attitude to repeat visitors. We conducted a field study in a science museum at which our system basically operated autonomously and the visitors responded quite positively. First-time visitors on average interacted with the robot for about 9 min, and 94.74% expressed a desire to interact with it again in the future. Repeat visitors noticed its relation-building capability and perceived a closer relationship with it.
Opening the ‘Black Box’ of asylum governance: decision-making and the politics of asylum policy-making
Authors: Pettrachin Andrea 
Published: September 2019

AbstractComplementing and challenging the existing literature on the Italian asylum crisis, this article develops an actor-centred approach to open the ‘black box’ of asylum governance, showing the constitutive effects of governance on the asylum issue. It then applies this approach to the case of the Veneto region in Italy during the recent ‘refugee crisis’. By doing so, the article, first, investigates the cognitive mechanisms that shape key actors’ asylum policy decisions. Drawing concepts and ideas from framing and sensemaking theories, it shows that, while there is certainly a strategic element that shapes actors' policy preferences, there is also a meaningful cognitive component in asylum governance. Indeed, it argues that actors' strategies are shaped, more than by anti-immigration public attitudes per se (as often assumed), by how political actors make sense of these attitudes. The article then applies SNA to examine how actors' understandings are located within and depend upon network relations and investigate actors' agency, power and interactions. It ultimately shows that local asylum policy outcomes are deeply influenced by the ‘politics of policy-making’, that is by power dynamics and how powerful actors position themselves, behave and mobilize their understandings. Finally, by examining the impact of policy outputs on cognitive micro-level mechanisms, the article sheds light on the interplay between the ‘regulatory’ and the ‘public reaction’ dimensions of the Italian asylum crisis, illustrating the relationship between public attitudes on migration, frame emergence, asylum policy-making, politics and public mobilizations in the active constitution of the Italian asylum crisis.
Numerical study of bluntness effects on laminar leading edge separation in hypersonic flow
Authors: Khraibut Amna , Gai S. L. , Neely A. J. 
Published: September 2019

Bluntness effects on laminar hypersonic leading edge separation are investigated numerically at Mach number $M\approx 10$, unit Reynolds number $Re=1.3\times 10^{6}~\text{m}^{-1}$, specific enthalpy $h_{o}=3.1~\text{MJ}~\text{kg}^{-1}$ and wall-to-stagnation temperature ratio $T_{w}/T_{o}=0.1$. Such effects are important from an experimental point of view and because bluntness can affect a separated flow favourably or adversely. In this study, two blunt leading edge cases of small radius ($15~\unicode[STIX]{x03BC}\text{m}$) and large radius ($100~\unicode[STIX]{x03BC}\text{m}$) are investigated. A comparison with the idealised sharp leading edge case is also given. General flow features and surface parameters such as the shear stress, pressure and heat flux are presented and analysed. The results have also been interpreted in terms of Cheng’s displacement-bluntness similitude parameter affecting the size of separation. Previous experiments by Holden delineated small and large bluntness effects based on Cheng’s parameter and considering small to moderate separated regions. In this study, leading edge separation was found to suppress the favourable effect of bluntness in delaying separation. Bluntness, furthermore, seemed to promote the appearance of secondary vortices within a main separated region. Analysis of reverse flow boundary layer profiles such as velocity, pressure and temperature is also given. It is shown that bluntness accentuates large transverse gradients. This in turn adversely effects the reverse flow boundary layer leading to the appearance of secondary vortices.
WEAKLY REMARKABLE CARDINALS, ERDŐS CARDINALS, AND THE GENERIC VOPĚNKA PRINCIPLE
Authors: WILSON TREVOR M. 
Published: September 2019

AbstractWe consider a weak version of Schindler’s remarkable cardinals that may fail to be ${{\rm{\Sigma }}_2}$-reflecting. We show that the ${{\rm{\Sigma }}_2}$-reflecting weakly remarkable cardinals are exactly the remarkable cardinals, and that the existence of a non-${{\rm{\Sigma }}_2}$-reflecting weakly remarkable cardinal has higher consistency strength: it is equiconsistent with the existence of an ω-Erdős cardinal. We give an application involving gVP, the generic Vopěnka principle defined by Bagaria, Gitman, and Schindler. Namely, we show that gVP + “Ord is not ${{\rm{\Delta }}_2}$-Mahlo” and ${\text{gVP}}(\underset{\raise0.3em\hbox{$\smash{\scriptscriptstyle\thicksim}$}}{\Pi } _1 )$ + “there is no proper class of remarkable cardinals” are both equiconsistent with the existence of a proper class of ω-Erdős cardinals, extending results of Bagaria, Gitman, Hamkins, and Schindler.
Dynamics of Memory and Religious Nationalism in a Sino-Vietnamese Border Town
Authors: NGO TAM T. T. 
Published: September 2019

AbstractThis article analyses the dynamics of official and unofficial religious nationalism in the Vietnamese border town of Lào Cai. In 1979 it was one of many Vietnamese towns that were reduced to rubble during the short but bloody war between Vietnam and China. The normalization of Sino-Vietnamese relations in 1991 allowed a booming border trade that let Lào Cai prosper, while the painful memory of this war continued to haunt the town and the daily experiences of its residents, both humans and gods. Since the Vietnamese state forbids any official remembrance of the war, Lào Cai residents have found a religious way to deal with their war memories that skilfully evades state control. By analysing narratives about the fate of the gods and goddesses that reign in the Father God Temple and the Mother Goddess Temple—two religious institutions located right next to the border—this article shows that it is in the symbolism of the supernatural that one can find memories of the war and of the changing social landscape of Lào Cai and reconstruct its history.
Deriving natural law from the Decalogue, natural inclination and God's silence
Authors: Lombardo Nicholas E. 
Published: September 2019

AbstractAmanda Perreau-Saussine de Ezcurra saw positive law as a resource for uncovering natural law. She also saw our natural inclinations, especially our natural sociability and our natural tendency toward benevolence, as crucial to a proper understanding of natural law. Drawing on these two foundational ideas of hers, this article will look at the Decalogue, the pre-eminent example of divine positive law, and then our concrete experience of desire, as revelatory of what she called ‘a law-like ordering of the world prior to human thought and action, a natural ordering that constrains practical reasoning’. To her characteristic concerns, it will add attention to God's silence.