bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Using the fuzzy multicriteria decision making approach to evaluate brand equity: a study of privatized firms
Authors: Dinçer Hasan , Bozaykut-Buk Tuba , Emir Şenol , Yuksel Serhat , Ashill Nicholas 
Published: August 2019

PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to present a multidimensional evaluation of brand equity performance incorporating dimensions adopted from the balance scorecard (BSC) approach to business performance.Design/methodology/approachIn this study, text mining is used for automatic extraction of valuable information from textual data such as the financial reports of firms. Instead of expert opinions, linguistic scales built upon outcomes of text mining are used as inputs for decision-making. The proposed model combines fuzzy DEMATEL (FDEMATEL), fuzzy ANP (FANP), fuzzy TOPSIS (FTOPSIS) and fuzzy VIKOR (FVIKOR) methods for weighting criteria and ranking alternatives.FindingsUsing data from five privatized firms in Turkey, the study’s findings demonstrate that the customer is the most important dimension of brand equity performance evaluation. Cash flow and brand loyalty are identified as the most important criteria in the measurement of brand equity performance.Practical implicationsFindings highlight the importance of firms taking action to increase consumer perceptions, attitudes and behaviors in the privatization processes. For this purpose, privatized firms need to understand the expectations of customers to increase customer satisfaction and loyalty and therefore improve brand equity.Originality/valueThe paper contributes to literature in several important ways. First, by adopting the BSC approach, it proposes a holistic and a multidimensional model for measuring brand equity performance. Second, the study offers a novel methodology using a hybrid multi-criteria decision-making model designed for the fuzzy environment. Third, the study uses the knowledge extraction tool of text mining in the fuzzy decision-making process. Finally, the study evaluates the brand equity performance of privatized firms in an emerging country context.
On the evolution of carry‐over effects
Authors: Moore Michael P. , Martin Ryan A. 
Published: August 2019

AbstractThe environment experienced early in life often affects the traits that are developed after an individual has transitioned into new life stages and environments. Because the phenotypes induced by earlier environments are then screened by later ones, these ‘carry‐over effects’ influence fitness outcomes across the entire life cycle.While the last two decades have witnessed an explosion of studies documenting the occurrence of carry‐over effects, little attention has been given to how they adapt and diversify. To aid future research in this area, we present a framework for the evolution of carry‐over effects.Carry‐over effects can evolve in two ways. First, the expression of traits later in life may become more or less dependent on the developmental processes of earlier stages (e.g., ‘adaptive decoupling’). Genetic correlations between life stages then either strengthen or weaken. Alternatively, those influential developmental processes that begin early in life may become more or less sensitive to that earlier environment. Here, plasticity changes in all the traits that share those developmental pathways across the whole life cycle.Adaptive evolution of a carry‐over effect is governed by selection on the induced phenotypes in the later stage, and also by selection on any developmentally linked traits in the earlier life stage. When these selective pressures conflict, the evolution of the carry‐over effect will be biased towards maximizing performance in the life stage with stronger selection. Because life stages often contribute unequally to total fitness, the strength of selection in any one stage depends on: (a) the relationship between the traits and the stage‐specific fitness components (e.g., juvenile survival, adult mating success), and (b) the reproductive value of the life stage.Considering the evolution of carry‐over effects reveals several intriguing features of the evolution of life histories and phenotypic plasticity more generally. For instance, carry‐over effects that manifest as maladaptive plasticity in one life stage may represent an adaptive strategy for maximizing fitness in stages with stronger selection. Additionally, adaptation to novel environments encountered early in the life cycle may be faster in the presence of carry‐over effects that influence sexually selected traits.
Minireview: demystifying microbial reaction energetics
Authors: Amend Jan P. , LaRowe Douglas E. 
Published: August 2019

SummaryThe biology literature is rife with misleading information on how to quantify catabolic reaction energetics. The principal misconception is that the sign and value of the standard Gibbs energy () define the direction and energy yield of a reaction; they do not. is one part of the actual Gibbs energy of a reaction (ΔGr), with a second part accounting for deviations from the standard composition. It is also frequently assumed that applies only to 25 °C and 1 bar; it does not. is a function of temperature and pressure. Here, we review how to determine ΔGr as a function of temperature, pressure and chemical composition for microbial catabolic reactions, including a discussion of the effects of ionic strength on ΔGr and highlighting the large effects when multi‐valent ions are part of the reaction. We also calculate ΔGr for five example catabolisms at specific environmental conditions: aerobic respiration of glucose in freshwater, anaerobic respiration of acetate in marine sediment, hydrogenotrophic methanogenesis in a laboratory batch reactor, anaerobic ammonia oxidation in a wastewater reactor and aerobic pyrite oxidation in acid mine drainage. These examples serve as templates to determine the energy yields of other catabolic reactions at environmentally relevant conditions.
Everyday self‐defence: Hollaback narratives, habitus and resisting street harassment
Authors: Fleetwood Jennifer 
Published: August 2019

AbstractStreet harassment is recognized as an ‘everyday’ form of violence against women. Influenced by contemporary sociologies of everyday life, this article examines women responses to street harassment, drawing on over 500 first person narratives submitted to the website of Hollaback London. The narrative structure highlights women’s actions, which (like street harassment) have generally been considered inconsequential. Quantitative content analysis reveals the extent and variety of strategies employed by women, including speaking back, calling on others for help, physically fighting back, walking away and an array of ‘small’, everyday actions and gestures that aim to resist harassment. I argue that these responses comprise everyday self‐defence practice. Furthermore, the notion of narrative habitus is employed to argue that Hollaback narratives do not just describe harassment, but that reading narratives can generate dispositions for self‐defence. Narrative analysis reveals the way that satire is employed to make space for women’s successful self‐defence. I argue that Hollaback narratives do not just offer storylines or scripts for resisting street harassment but foster a style for doing so. Analysis considers the limits to narratively motivated self‐defence. This research demonstrates that, in order to ‘see’ women’s resistance, we need to pay close attention to the everyday as the site of both oppression and moments of liberation.
Homicidal Ideation and Forensic Psychopathology: Evidence From the 2016 Nationwide Emergency Department Sample (NEDS)
Authors: Carbone Jason T. , Holzer Katherine J. , Vaughn Michael G. , DeLisi Matthew 
Published: August 2019

AbstractHomicide is the most serious and costly criminal offense and better forensic and criminological understanding of homicidal ideation as a potential psychobehavioral precursor to homicidal conduct is critical. Using data from the 2016 Nationwide Emergency Department Sample (NEDS) from the Healthcare Cost and Utilization Project (HCUP) distributed by the Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality (AHRQ), we found 64,910 cases of homicidal ideation among a sample of 25.6 + million—a prevalence of 0.25%. Numerous conditions conferred increased substantially the likelihood of homicidal ideation including antisocial personality disorder (2406%), schizoaffective disorder (1821%), borderline personality disorder (1557%), paranoid personality disorder (1,504%), schizophrenia (1,143%), obsessive–compulsive personality disorder (921%), brief psychotic disorder (771%), unspecified psychosis (737%), avoidant personality disorder (596%), and schizoid personality disorder (571%), delusional disorder (546%), and other psychotic disorder (504%). Homicidal ideation is comorbid with serious psychiatric and behavioral problems and has important implications for offender typologies and homicidality.
Encapsulation of Lutein in Nanoemulsions Stabilized by Resveratrol and Maillard Conjugates
Authors: Steiner Benjamin M. , Shukla Viral , McClements David Julian , Li Yao Olive , Sancho‐Madriz Martin , Davidov‐Pardo Gabriel 
Published: August 2019

AbstractLutein is incorporated into foods as a natural yellow pigment and nutraceutical. The introduction of lutein into many foods and beverages, however, is problematic because of its strong hydrophobicity and poor chemical stability. In this research, lutein‐loaded nanoemulsions were prepared to overcome this problem. Casein‐dextran Maillard conjugates or physical complexes were utilized as emulsifiers, while either medium chain triglycerides (MCT) or grape seed oil (GSO) were used as carrier oils. The impact of resveratrol addition on nanoemulsion stability was also examined. The influence of storage temperature, pH, and CaCl2 concentration on the chemical and physical stability of the nanoemulsions was measured. The casein‐dextran conjugates were highly effective at improving the physical resistance of the nanoemulsions to environmental stresses, but had a detrimental effect on their color stability. Conversely, nanoemulsions prepared from casein‐dextran physical complexes were unstable around the protein's isoelectric point (pH 4.6), as well as upon addition of CaCl2. Incorporation of resveratrol and GSO into the nanoemulsions decreased lutein degradation and color fading at all temperatures. This study shows that casein‐dextran conjugates are highly effective at improving the physical stability of lutein‐loaded nanoemulsions, while resveratrol and GSO are effective at improving their chemical stability.Practical ApplicationLutein can be used by the food industry to create “clean label” and functional food products. The major challenges in incorporating lutein in foods are its poor chemical stability and its high hydrophobicity, which makes it difficult to incorporate. Emulsion‐based delivery systems assembled from natural ingredients may address these challenges. In this study, the impact of Maillard conjugates fabricated from caseinate and dextran, as well as resveratrol addition, on the formation and stability of lutein‐enriched nanoemulsions was determined. The information obtained from this study will help the formulation of more effective functional foods and beverage products.
Systemic Administration of the Cyclin‐Dependent Kinase Inhibitor (S)‐CR8 Selectively Reduces Escalated Ethanol Intake in Dependent Rats
Authors: Goulding Scott P. , de Guglielmo Giordano , Carrette Lieselot L.G. , George Olivier , Contet Candice 
Published: August 2019

BackgroundChronic exposure to ethanol (EtOH) and other drugs of abuse can alter the expression and activity of cyclin‐dependent kinase 5 (CDK5) and its cofactor p35, but the functional implication of CDK5 signaling in the regulation of EtOH‐related behaviors remains unknown. In the present study, we sought to determine whether CDK5 activity plays a role in the escalation of EtOH self‐administration triggered by dependence.MethodsWe tested the effect of systemically administered (S)‐CR8, a nonselective CDK inhibitor, on operant responding for EtOH or saccharin, a highly palatable reinforcer, in adult male Wistar rats. Half of the rats were made EtOH‐dependent via chronic intermittent EtOH inhalation (CIE). We then sought to identify a possible neuroanatomical locus for the behavioral effect of (S)‐CR8 by quantifying protein levels of CDK5 and p35 in subregions of the extended amygdala and prefrontal cortex from EtOH‐naïve, nondependent, and dependent rats at the expected time of EtOH self‐administration. We also analyzed the phosphorylation of 4 CDK5 substrates and of the CDK substrate consensus motif.Results(S)‐CR8 dose‐dependently reduced EtOH self‐administration in dependent rats. It had no effect on water or saccharin self‐administration, nor in nondependent rats. The abundance of CDK5 or p35 was not altered in any of the brain regions analyzed. In the bed nucleus of the stria terminalis, CDK5 abundance was negatively correlated with intoxication levels during EtOH vapor exposure but there was no effect of dependence on the phosphorylation ratio of CDK5 substrates. In contrast, EtOH dependence increased the phosphorylation of low‐molecular‐weight CDK substrates in the basolateral amygdala (BLA).ConclusionsThe selective effect of (S)‐CR8 on excessive EtOH intake has potential therapeutic value for the treatment of alcohol use disorders. Our data do not support the hypothesis that this effect would be mediated by the inhibition of up‐regulated CDK5 activity in the extended amygdala nor prefrontal cortex. However, increased activity of CDKs other than CDK5 in the BLA may contribute to excessive EtOH consumption in alcohol dependence. Other (S)‐CR8 targets may also be implicated.
Aggravation of asthmatic inflammation by chlorine exposure via innate lymphoid cells and CD11cintermediate macrophages
Authors: Shim Ji‐Su , Lee Hyun‐Seung , Park Da‐Eun , Won Lee Ji , Bae Boram , Chang Yuna , Kim Jihyun , Kim Hye Young , Kang Hye‐Ryun 
Published: August 2019

AbstractBackgroundChlorine is widely used in daily life as disinfectant. However, chronic exposure to chlorine products aggravates allergic TH2 inflammation and airway hyperresponsiveness (AHR). Innate lymphoid cells (ILCs) in airways contribute to the inception of asthma in association with virus infection, pollution, and excess of nutrient, but it is not known whether chronic chlorine exposure can activate innate immune cells. The aim of this study was to evaluate the impact of chlorine inhalation on the innate immunity such as ILCs and macrophages in relation with the development of asthma by using murine ovalbumin (OVA) sensitization/challenge model.MethodsSix‐week‐old female BALB/c mice were sensitized and challenged with OVA in the presence and absence of chronic low‐dose chlorine exposure by inhalation of naturally vaporized gas of 5% sodium hypochlorite solution. AHR, airway inflammatory cells, from BALF and the population of ILCs and macrophages in the lung were evaluated.ResultsThe mice exposed to chlorine with OVA (Cl + OVA group) showed enhanced AHR and eosinophilic inflammation compared to OVA‐treated mice (OVA group). The population of TH2 cells, ILC2s, and ILC3s increased in Cl + OVA group compared with OVA group. CD11cint macrophages also remarkably increased in Cl + OVA group compared with OVA group. The deletion of macrophages by clodronate resulted in reduction of ILC2s and ILC3s population which was restored by adoptive transfer of CD11cint macrophages.ConclusionsChronic chlorine inhalation contributes to the exacerbation of airway inflammation in asthmatic airway by mobilizing pro‐inflammatory macrophage into the lung as well as stimulating group 2 and 3 ILCs.
HIGH‐RISK HPV testing as the primary screening method in an organized regional screening program for cervical cancer: the value of HPV16 and HPV18 genotyping?
Authors: Kares Saara , Veijalainen Olga , Kholová Ivana , Tirkkonen Mika , Vuento Risto , Huhtala Heini , Tuimala Veronica , Mäenpää Johanna , Kujala Paula 
Published: August 2019

Since 2012, testing high‐risk (HR)HPV has been used as the primary screening test for women ≥35 years attending the organized cervical cancer screening program in the city of Tampere. We evaluated the contribution of HPV16/18 genotyping. Data from 2012 and 2013, and the follow‐up samples in 2013 and 2014, respectively, were analyzed. Abbott RealTime High‐Risk HPV test detecting 14 HRHPV genotypes combined with concurrent genotyping for HPV16 and HPV18 was used. HPV was positive in 794 samples out of 11 346 HPV tested women (7%). HPV16/18 was represented in 22% of HPV‐positive cases. Negative cervical cytology (NILM) was reported in 51% of HPV‐positive samples. HPV16/18 genotype was accompanied with 50% of HSIL/ASC‐H cases. The predominance of HPV16/18 in higher grade lesions was even more evident in cervical biopsies as 57% of CIN3 cases were associated with HPV16/18, and only 20% of carcinomas were associated with nonspecified high‐risk (NSHR) genotypes. In agreement with previous studies HPV16/18 genotypes caused higher grade cytological and histological changes/pathologies than NSHR genotypes in primary screening. Nevertheless, the majority of HRHPV genotypes detected in the screened population were nonHPV16/18, and especially within persistent infections, precancerous lesions were found also among women with NSHR genotypes.
Feature Preserving Octree‐Based Hexahedral Meshing
Authors: Gao Xifeng , Shen Hanxiao , Panozzo Daniele 
Published: August 2019

AbstractWe propose an octree‐based algorithm to tessellate the interior of a closed surface with hexahedral cells. The generated hexahedral mesh (1) explicitly preserves sharp features of the original input, (2) has a maximal, user‐controlled distance deviation from the input surface, (3) is composed of elements with only positive scaled jacobians (measured by the eight corners of a hex [SEK*07]), and (4) does not have self‐intersections.We attempt to achieve these goals by proposing a novel pipeline to create an initial pure hexahedral mesh from an octree structure, taking advantage of recent developments in the generation of locally injective 3D parametrizations to warp the octree boundary to conform to the input surface. Sharp features in the input are bijectively mapped to poly‐lines in the output and preserved by the deformation, which takes advantage of a scaffold mesh to prevent local and global intersections.The robustness of our technique is experimentally validated by batch processing a large collection of organic and CAD models, without any manual cleanup or parameter tuning. All results including mesh data and statistics in the paper are provided in the additional material. The open‐source implementation will be made available online to foster further research in this direction.
Novel mouthpiece for reducing the gag reflex during esophagogastroduodenoscopy
Authors: Fujiwara Kazunori , Matsumoto Kazuya , Ueda Naoki , Ueki Masaru , Fukuhara Takahiro , Ikebuchi Yuichiro , Isomoto Hajime , Takeuchi Hiromi 
Published: August 2019

Background and AimDiscomfort associated with the gag reflex during transoral endoscopy can be troublesome. To overcome this problem during esophagogastroduodenoscopy (EGD), we recently developed a novel mouthpiece. The aim of the present study was to compare acceptance and tolerability of transoral EGD with conventional and new mouthpieces in unsedated patients and analyze the effects of the new mouthpiece.MethodsThis study consisted of two phases of cephalometric and EGD examinations to analyze the effects of the new mouthpiece. Cephalometry was carried out in six subjects to evaluate differences in the size of the pharynx (anteroposterior diameter of the oropharynx and longitudinal diameter of the oral cavity) when subjects held the conventional mouthpiece (MAJ674) or the new mouthpiece in their mouths. EGD was done in 10 subjects using the conventional or new mouthpiece to evaluate the number of times the gag reflex occurred, examinee discomfort, and endoscope operability during EGD using a visual analogue scale (VAS).ResultsAnteroposterior diameter of the oropharynx and longitudinal diameter of the oral cavity were significantly larger with the new mouthpiece than with the conventional mouthpiece (oropharynx: P = 0.03; oral cavity: P = 0.03). With the new mouthpiece during EGD, subjects had significantly fewer instances of the gag reflex (P = 0.01); VAS score for discomfort was significantly lower (P < 0.01) and score for endoscope operability was significantly higher (P = 0.04).ConclusionThe new mouthpiece we developed reduced the gag reflex during EGD by extending the pharynx, thus decreasing examinee discomfort and increasing endoscopic operability.
Cardiac chloroma or cardiac myeloid sarcoma: Case Report
Authors: Abdelnabi Mahmoud H. , Almaghraby Abdallah , Saleh Yehia , ElSharkawy Eman 
Published: August 2019

AbstractChloroma or myeloid sarcoma is rare extramedullary tumor composed of immature myeloid cells that may occur in association with or during or even before the course of adult myelodysplastic or myeloproliferative diseases. It may involve different organs including the orbit, skin, lymph nodes, bone, gastrointestinal tract, breast, central nervous system, and lung. Cardiac involvement with MS is an exceedingly rare finding. We report a very rare case of left ventricular cardiac chloroma accidentally discovered by transthoracic echocardiography (TTE) and confirmed by cardiac magnetic resonance (CMR) in an old aged male patient with acute myeloid leukemia (AML) French‐American‐British (FAB)‐class M5. Unfortunately, shortly after a prompt start of AML palliative chemotherapy protocols, the patient died due to massive intracranial hemorrhage (ICH).
Serumd‐ andl‐lactate, pyruvate and glucose levels in individuals with at‐risk mental state and correlations with clinical symptoms
Authors: Onozato Mayu , Umino Maho , Shoji Ayako , Ichiba Hideaki , Tsujino Naohisa , Funatogawa Tomoyuki , Tagata Hiromi , Nemoto Takahiro , Mizuno Masafumi , Fukushima Takeshi 
Published: August 2019

AbstractAimLittle information exists on the peripheral metabolite levels in individuals with at‐risk mental state who meet the criteria for a high‐risk state of psychosis. Here, we aimed to investigate serum levels of glucose, pyruvate andd‐ andl‐lactate, which may act as a signalling molecule for learning and memory in neuronal cells.MethodsHigh performance liquid chromatography or commercial kits were used to assess serum metabolites in individuals with attenuated psychosis symptoms of at‐risk mental state (n = 24, men = 12) who were not receiving antipsychotics. The metabolite levels of these individuals were compared with those of age‐ and sex‐matched healthy individuals (controls, n = 23, men = 11). Correlations between the metabolites and clinical symptoms of at‐risk mental state were also examined.ResultsIndividuals with at‐risk mental state had higher serum glucose levels than did controls (P= 2.18 × 10−3), while no significant difference in pyruvate levels were observed between the groups. Individuals with at‐risk mental state had significantly lower seruml‐lactate levels than did controls (P= 6.31 × 10−5), while no differences ind‐lactate levels were observed. Furthermore, a negative correlation was identified between seruml‐lactate levels and Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale negative symptoms scores (r= −0.5651,P= 4.01 × 10−3) in individuals with at‐risk mental state.ConclusionsWe found that, compared with controls, individuals with at‐risk mental state have reduced seruml‐lactate levels, which may predate psychosis onset, and may be involved in the related negative symptoms.