bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The safety and efficacy of acupuncture for epididymitis protocol for a systematic review
Authors: Wang Jisheng , Han Liang , Bao Binghao , Yu Xudong , Zhang Kaige , Dai Hengheng , Li Xiao , Wang Bin , Li Haisong 
Published: January 2019

Abstract

Background:
Epididymitis is a common disease in non-specific infections of the male reproductive system. According to the clinical incidence of acute epididymitis and chronic epididymitis, which is more common in chronic epididymitis. There are many clinical trials confirmed that acupuncture treatment can relieve pain and improve symptoms of epididymitis to some extent. In this systematic review, we aim to evaluate the effectiveness and safety of acupuncture for epididymitis.

Methods and analysis:
We will search for PubMed, Cochrane Library, AMED, EMbase, WorldSciNet; Nature, Science online and China Journal Full-text Database (CNKI), China Biomedical Literature CD-ROM Database (CBM), and related randomized controlled trials included in the China Resources Database. The time is limited from the construction of the library to November 2018. We will use the criteria provided by Cochrane 5.1.0 for quality assessment and risk assessment of the included studies, and use the Revman 5.3 and Stata13.0 software for meta-analysis of the effectiveness, recurrence rate, and symptom scores of epididymitis.

Ethics and dissemination:
This systematic review will evaluate the efficacy and safety of acupuncture for epididymitis. Because all of the data used in this systematic review and meta-analysis has been published, this review does not require ethical approval. Furthermore, all data will be analyzed anonymously during the review process trial.

Registration number:
PROSPERO CRD42018111348.
Nutrient pattern analysis in critically ill patients using Omics technology (NAChO) – Study protocol for a prospective observational study
Authors: Schefold Joerg C. , Messmer Anna S. , Wenger Stefanie , Müller Lionel , von Haehling Stephan , Doehner Wolfram , McPhee Jamie S. , Fux Michaela , Rösler Kai M. , Scheidegger Olivier , Olariu Radu , Z’Graggen Werner , Rezzi Serge , Grathwohl Dominik , Konz Tobias , Takala Jukka , Cuenoud Bernard , Jakob Stephan M. 
Published: January 2019

Abstract

Introduction:
Intensive care unit-acquired weakness (ICU-AW) is often observed in critically ill patients with prolonged intensive care unit (ICU) stay. We hypothesized that evolving metabolic abnormalities during prolonged ICU stay are reflected by changing nutrient patterns in blood, urine and skeletal muscle, and that these patterns differ in patients with/without ICU-AW and between patients with/without sepsis.

Methods:
In a prospective single-center observational trial, we aim to recruit 100 critically ill patients (ICU length of stay ≥ 5 days) with severe sepsis/septic shock (“sepsis group”, n = 50) or severe head trauma/intracerebral hemorrhage (“CNS group”, n = 50). Patients will be sub-grouped for presence or absence of ICU-AW as determined by the Medical Research Council sum score. Blood and urine samples will be collected and subjected to comprehensive nutrient analysis at different time points by targeted quantitative mass spectrometric methods. In addition, changes in muscular tissue (biopsy, when available), muscular architecture (ultrasound), electrophysiology, body composition analyses (bioimpedance, cerebral magnetic resonance imaging), along with clinical status will be assessed. Patients will be followed-up for 180 and 360 days including assessment of quality of life.

Discussion:
Key objective of this trial is to assess changes in nutrient pattern in blood and urine over time in critically ill patients with/without ICU-AW by using quantitative nutrient analysis techniques. Peer-reviewed published NAChO data will allow for a better understanding of metabolic changes in critically ill patients on standard liquid enteral nutrition and will likely open up new avenues for future therapeutic and nutritional interventions.
The herbal drug, Bu-Zhong-Yi-Qi-Tang, for the treatment of atopic dermatitis
Authors: Jeong Mi-Kyung , Kim Young-Eun , Kim Anna , Jung Jeeyoun , Son Mi Ju 
Published: January 2019

Abstract

Introduction:
Bu-Zhong-Yi-Qi-Tang (BZYQT) is an herbal drug that is widely used to treat various diseases, including gastrointestinal diseases, allergic rhinitis, and atopic dermatitis (AD) in East Asian countries. BZYQT has been shown to have anti-allergic, anti-inflammatory, and immunoregulatory properties in experimental studies, and there is substantial clinical evidence of its effect on AD. This review will systematically assess the evidence of BZYQT for the treatment of AD.

Methods/design:
Eleven databases will be searched from their inception without language restriction. Randomized controlled trials that examined BZYQT or modified BZYQT for AD will be included. The selection of the studies, data abstraction, and validations will be performed independently by 2 researchers. The methodological qualities of the randomized controlled trials will be assessed using the Cochrane Collaboration tool for assessing the risk of bias.

Ethics and dissemination:
This systematic review will be published in a peer-reviewed journal and will also be disseminated electronically or in print. It will be useful to inform and guide healthcare practitioners.

Trial register number:
CRD42018105173.
Action of antimicrobial photodynamic therapy with red leds in microorganisms related to halitose
Authors: Ciarcia Ana Carolina Costa da Mota , Gonçalves Marcela Leticia Leal , Horliana Anna Carolina Ratto Tempestine , Suguimoto Ellen Sayuri Ando , Araujo Lysianne , Laselva Andreia , Mayer Marcia Pinto Alves , Motta Lara Jansinsk , Deana Alessandro Melo , Mesquita-Ferrari Raquel Agnelli , Fernandes Kristianne Porta Santos , Bussadori Sandra Kalil 
Published: January 2019

Abstract

Introduction:
Halitosis is the term used to describe any unpleasant odor relative to expired air regardless of its source. The prevalence of halitosis in the population is approximately 30%, of which 80 to 90% of the cases originate in the oral cavity resulting from proteolytic degradation by gram negative anaerobic bacteria. Antimicrobial photodynamic therapy (aPDT) has been widely used with very satisfactory results in the health sciences. It involves the use of a non-toxic dye, called photosensitizer (FS), and a light source of a specific wavelength in the presence of the environmental oxygen. This interaction is capable of creating toxic species that generate cell death. The objective of this controlled clinical study is to verify the effect of aPDT in the treatment of halitosis by evaluating the formation of volatile sulphur compounds with gas chromatography and microbiological analysis before and after treatment.

Materials and Methods:
Young adults in the age group between 18 and 25 years with diagnosis of halitosis will be included in this research. The selected subjects will be divided into 3 groups: G1: aPDT; G2: scraper, and G3: aPDT and scraper. All subjects will be submitted to microbiological analysis and evaluation with Oral ChromaTM before, immediately after treatment, 7, 14, and 30 days after treatment. For the evaluation of the association of the categorical variables the Chi-square test and Fisher's Exact Test will be used. To compare the means the student t test and analysis of variance (ANOVA) will be used and to analyse the correlation between the continuous variables the correlation test by Pearson will be applied. In the analyses of the experimental differences in each group the Wilcoxon test will be used. For all analyses a level of significance of 95% (P < .05) will be considered.

Discussion:
Halitosis treatment is a topic that still needs attention. The results of this trial could support decision-making by clinicians regarding aPDT using aPDT for treating halitosis.
Vasopressors for the management of maternal hypotension during cesarean section under spinal anesthesia
Authors: Ryu Choongun , Choi Geun Joo , Park Yong Hee , Kang Hyun 
Published: January 2019

Abstract

Background:
Spinal anesthesia is the standard technique for elective cesarean section, but the incidence of maternal hypotension in this setting is reportedly about 80%, without any prophylactic management. Vasopressors are the most reliable method for counteracting the hypotension induced by spinal anesthesia. However, studies investigating the effects of vasopressors have yielded inconsistent and debatable results. Therefore, we plan to conduct a systematic review and network meta-analysis to identify the most effective vasopressor to prevent maternal hypotension, and to decrease fetal acidosis in women undergoing spinal anesthesia for elective cesarean section.

Methods:
A systematic and comprehensive search to detect all the randomized controlled studies on vasopressors for the management of maternal hypotension during cesarean section under spinal anesthesia will be performed using information in the databases, MEDLINE, EMBASE, the Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials (CENTRAL), and Google Scholar, beginning from their inception to October 2018. We will conduct a network meta-analysis to combine the direct and indirect comparisons of the vasopressors. We will use the surface under the cumulative ranking curve (SUCRA) values and rankograms to present the hierarchy of vasopressors. A comparison-adjusted funnel plot will be used to assess the presence of small-study effects. The quality of the studies included will be assessed using the risk of bias tool. All statistical analyses will be performed using Stata SE version 15.0.

Ethics and dissemination:
This systematic review and meta-analysis will be published in a peer-reviewed journal. Ethical approval and informed consent are not required, as the study will be a literature review and will not involve direct contact with patients or alterations to patient care.

Trial registration number:
The protocol for this review has been registered in the PROSPERO network (registration number: CRD42018111852).
Differences in treatment outcomes between ultrasound-guided percutaneous microwave ablation and endoscopic thyroidectomy for patients with papillary thyroid microcarcinoma
Authors: Shen Yan , Liu Miao , He Jie , Wu Shu , Wan Yong-Lin , Ding Jun , Cai Xiao-Yan , Fu Xiao-Hong 
Published: January 2019

Abstract

Background:
The differences in treatment outcomes between ultrasound (US)-guided percutaneous microwave ablation (PMWA) and endoscopic thyroidectomy for patients with papillary thyroid microcarcinoma (PTMC) remains unknown.

Methods:
An electronic search will be performed for randomized controlled trials or observational studies that reported recurrence and mortality rates in PTMC patients with US-guided PMWA or endoscopic thyroidectomy. Hazard ratios with their 95% confidence intervals will be calculated using fixed- or random-effects models according to heterogeneity.

Results:
This study will present the differences in treatment outcomes between US-guided PMWA and endoscopic thyroidectomy for patients with PTMC by pooling the results of individual studies.

Conclusion:
The results of this study would provide vigorous evidence in this issue and offer the guidance to both clinical decision-making and future research.

Ethics and dissemination:
Ethical approval is not applicable for this study.

PROSPERO registration number:
CRD42018112320.
Serum angiopoietin-2 concentrations of post-PCI are correlated with the parameters of renal function in patients with coronary artery disease
Authors: Jian Wen , Li Lang , Wei Xiao-Min , Guan Jia-Hui , Yang Guo-Liang , Gui Chun 
Published: January 2019

Abstract
Patients with coronary artery disease (CAD) frequently have comorbidity of chronic kidney disease (CKD). Their renal function may deteriorate because of the use of contrast agent after percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI). Angiopoietin-2 (Ang-2), which is highly expressed in the site of angiogenesis, plays an important role in both CAD and CKD. This study aimed to investigate the relation of serum Ang-2 concentrations with the renal function after PCI.
This study enrolled 57 patients with CAD undergoing PCI. Blood samples for Ang-2 were collected in the first morning after admission and within 24 to 48 h after PCI. The parameters of renal function (serum creatinine, cystatin C and eGFR) were tested on the first day after admission and within 72 h after PCI.
Overall, serum Ang-2 levels of post-PCI were significantly lower than those of pre-PCI [median, 1733 (IQR, 1100–2568) vs median, 2523 (IQR, 1702–3640) pg/mL; P < .001]. However, in patients with CKD (eGFR < 60 mL/min/1.73 m2), there was no significant difference between serum Ang-2 levels of post-PCI and those of pre-PCI [median, 2851 (IQR, 1720–4286) vs. median, 2492 (IQR, 1434–4994) pg/mL; P = .925]. In addition, serum Ang-2 levels of post-PCI, but not pre-PCI, were significantly correlated with the post-PCI parameters of renal function.
Serum Ang-2 concentrations of post-PCI are closely related to renal function in patients with CAD. It may have potential to be the early biomarker of contrast-induced nephropathy in the future.
Dural tear is associated with an increased rate of other perioperative complications in primary lumbar spine surgery for degenerative diseases
Authors: Takenaka Shota , Makino Takahiro , Sakai Yusuke , Kashii Masafumi , Iwasaki Motoki , Yoshikawa Hideki , Kaito Takashi 
Published: January 2019

Abstract
Prospective case-control study.
This study used a prospective multicenter database to investigate whether dural tear (DT) is associated with an increased rate of other perioperative complications.
Few studies have had sufficient data accuracy and statistical power to evaluate the association between DT and other complications owing to a low incidence of occurrence.
Between 2012 and 2017, 13,188 patients (7174 men and 6014 women) with degenerative lumbar diseases underwent primary lumbar spine surgery. The average age was 64.8 years for men and 68.7 years for women. DT was defined as a tear that was detected intraoperatively. Other investigated intraoperative surgery-related complications were massive hemorrhage (>2 L of blood loss), nerve injury, screw malposition, cage/graft dislocation, surgery performed at the wrong site, and vascular injury. The examined postoperative surgery-related complications were dural leak, surgical-site infection (SSI), postoperative neurological deficit, postoperative hematoma, wound dehiscence, screw/rod failure, and cage/graft failure. Information related to perioperative systemic complications was also collected for cardiovascular diseases, respiratory diseases, renal and urological diseases, cerebrovascular diseases, postoperative delirium, and sepsis.
DTs occurred in 451/13,188 patients (3.4%, the DT group). In the DT group, dural leak was observed in 88 patients. After controlling for the potentially confounding variables of age, sex, primary disease, and type of procedure, the surgery-related complications that were more likely to occur in the DT group than in the non-DT group were SSI (odds ratio [OR] 2.68) and postoperative neurological deficit (OR 3.27). As for perioperative systemic complications, the incidence of postoperative delirium (OR 3.21) was significantly high in the DT group.
This study demonstrated that DT was associated with higher incidences of postoperative SSI, postoperative neurological deficit, and postoperative delirium, in addition to directly DT-related dural leak.
The effects of antithrombotic drugs on the recurrence and mortality in patients with chronic subdural hematoma
Authors: Wang Han , Zhang Meibiao , Zheng He , Xia Xiaolong , Luo Kehui , Guo Feng , Qian Cong 
Published: January 2019

Abstract

Objectives:
Chronic subdural hematoma (cSDH) is a common neurological disorder in elderly and the immediate outcome of surgery is satisfied. The high reoperation rate hinders the long-term effect of surgery and the risk factor is still unclear. Some researchers reported that high recurrence rate is related to the antithrombotic (AT) drugs, which is commonly used to prevent diseases in elderly patients. In this article, we conducted a meta-analysis to determine whether AT agents increase the risk of recurrence and mortality in patients with cSDH.

Methods:
The human case–control or randomized controlled trial (RCT) studies regarding the association of cSDH and AT were systematically identified through online databases (PubMed, Cochrane, Web of Science, Elsevier Science Direct, and Springer Link). Inclusion and exclusion criteria were defined for the eligible studies. The fixed-effects model was performed when homogeneity was indicated.

Results:
This meta-analysis included 24 studies. AT drugs significantly increased the risk of recurrence in patients with cSDH (odds ratio (OR) of 1.30, 95% confidence interval (CI), 1.11–1.52, P = .001). Further analysis demonstrated that both anticoagulation (OR of 1.41, 95% CI, 1.10–1.81, P = .006) and antiplatelet (OR of 1.23, 95% CI, 1.01–1.49, P = .03) had higher risk of recurrence, but no difference was found between them (OR of 0.80, 95% CI, 0.58–1.09, P = .16). However AT drugs did not increase the risk of mortality for patients with cSDH (OR of 1.08, 95% CI, 0.61–1.92, P = .78).

Conclusion:
AT treatment is an important risk factor of recurrence in patients with cSDH in spite of similar mortality rate. When and how to resume AT drugs is still unclear, more well-designed prospective researches are needed on this issue.

Core tip:
High recurrence is an important factor against the long-term outcome of surgery in patients with cSDH, the use of AT drugs is a potential risk factor. In this study we found that the use of AT drugs increased the risk of recurrence rather than mortality. Anticoagulation and antiplatelet showed no difference in causing cSDH recurrence.
Inflammatory myofibroblastic tumor of urinary bladder with severe hematuria
Authors: Song Daoqing , jiao Wei , Gao Ze , Liu Ningning , Zhang Shimin , Zong Yuqian , Fang Zhiqing , Fan Yidong 
Published: January 2019

Abstract

Rationale:
Inflammatory myofibroblastic tumor (IMT) is a rare intermediate soft tissue tumor. Rarely occurring in the urinary bladder, MTs is composed of myofibroblast differentiated spindle cells and accompanied by numerous inflammatory cells, plasma cells and/or Lymphocytes.

Patient concerns:
A 28-year-old female, with history of 2 cesarean sections 8 years ago and 2 years ago, was admitted to the emergency department for a 7-day ongoing gross hematuria with clots.

Diagnoses:
A cystoscopy showed a tumor near the bladder neck, computed tomography (CT) showed a mass and massive blood clots in the bladder. Finally, postoperative pathological examination confirmed a diagnosis of inflammatory myofibroblastic tumor of bladder.

Interventions:
The patient was given rehydration and blood transfusion to improve the general condition. Then, emergency transurethral resection of the bladder tumor was performed.

Outcomes:
No metastases to lymph nodes and other organs were found, and no tumor progression was revealed during 3-months of follow-up.

Lessons:
IMTs rarely occur in the urinary bladder. Due to the lack of specificity in clinical symptoms, it's difficult to arrive at a definite diagnosis before operation. Therefore, usually, the final diagnosis depends on histomorphological features and the immunohistochemical profile. Further case studies are required to study the biological behavior of this condition.
Predictive factors for non-small-volume central lymph node metastases (more than 5 or ≥ 2 mm) in clinically node-negative papillary thyroid carcinoma
Authors: Wang Jian-Biao , Sun Ya-Yu , Shi Liu-Hong , Xie Lei 
Published: January 2019

Abstract
The benefits of prophylactic central neck dissection (pCND) for treating patients with clinical node-negative (cN0) papillary thyroid carcinoma (PTC) remain controversial. Lymph node metastases have been strongly associated with local recurrence and low survival, especially in PTC patients with 5 or more or ≥2 mm metastatic lymph nodes. The following study investigates the incidence and risk factors of more than 5 or ≥2 mm metastatic lymph nodes in the central compartment.
A total of 611 patients with cN0 PTC were retrospectively analyzed. Cervical lymph nodes were harvested, and the size of metastatic lymph nodes was consequently analyzed.
Non-small-volume central lymph node metastases (NSVCLNM), defined as more than 5 or ≥2 mm metastatic lymph nodes) were detected in 67 (11.0%) patients. Male gender, age ≤36 years, multifocal lesions, extrathyroidal extension, and tumor size > 0.85 cm were independent risk factors for NSVCLNM in cN0 PTC. The sensitivity and specificity of having ≥3 risk factors for predicting NSVCLNM was 46.3% and 86.8%, respectively.
These findings suggest that pCND is a suitable treatment strategy for cN0 PTC patients with 3 or more risk factors for NSVCLNM.
Shifting therapeutic paradigms in induction and consolidation for older adults with acute myeloid leukemia
Authors: Zuckerman Tsila , Rowe Jacob M. 
Published: January 2019

Purpose of review
As the age and life expectancy of the general population rise, the number of acute myeloid leukemia (AML) patients suitable for therapy is expected to dramatically increase. The population of older adults with AML, while already comprising the vast majority of AML patients, has not been specifically addressed in terms of unique age-related features, such as existence of comorbidities, frailty, and disease biology.

Recent findings
Over the past decade, major improvements in the approach to the management of older adults with AML included: incorporation of new comorbidity scores specifically oriented to this patient population that can predict individual fitness to treatment, refined knowledge of the unique mutational landscape, and incorporating new combinations and novel agents designed to target the AML biology. Particularly, the recent exciting description of age-related clonal hematopoiesis and its evolution to AML may open new avenues for intervention prior to development of full-blown leukemia.

Summary
The rising awareness of the unique biology and special needs of older adults with AML has resulted in the design of new studies aiming to target the aberrant mutations and clinical characteristics in this patient population.
Outpatient induction and consolidation care strategies in acute myeloid leukemia
Authors: Halpern Anna B. , Walter Roland B. , Estey Elihu H. 
Published: January 2019

Purpose of reviewPatients with acute myeloid leukemia (AML) are almost invariably kept in the hospital until resolution of cytopenias following intensive induction chemotherapy. This care approach is costly and may further contribute to the reduced qualify of life of these patients. This has raised interest in moving at least part of this care to the outpatient setting. Reimbursement challenges for inpatient administration of some of the new drugs approved for AML in the last 2 years adds to this interest.Recent findingsRetrospective and smaller prospective studies have shown that outpatient management following intensive induction chemotherapy (’Early Hospital Discharge’) is feasible and may be well tolerated and cost-effective. Reported experience is more limited regarding administration of intensive chemotherapy in the outpatient setting.SummaryAlthough of interest, barriers to the successful implementation of outpatient care models, such as limited outpatient infrastructure or geographical limitations, will have to be overcome in many cancer centers. Importantly, before wide-spread introduction, the safety and ‘efficacy’ (e.g. reduction in medical resources and/or cost and improvement in quality of life) of outpatient care strategies will need to be further evaluated in a prospective – and ideally randomized – manner across more heterogeneous types of oncology and geographical settings.