bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Determination of major histocompatibility class I and class II genetic composition of the Caribbean Primate Center specific pathogen‐free rhesus macaque (Macaca mulatta) colony based on massively parallel sequencing
Authors: Kanthaswamy Sreetharan , Oldt Robert F. , Ng Jillian , Smith David Glenn , Martínez Melween I. , Sariol Carlos A. 
Published: July 2018

AbstractBackgroundKnowledge of major histocompatibility complex (MHC) composition and distribution in rhesus macaque colonies is critical for management strategies that maximize the utility of this model for biomedical research.MethodsVariation within the Mamu‐A and Mamu‐B (class I) and DRB, DQA/B, and DPA/B (class II) regions of 379 animals from the Caribbean Primate Research Center's (CPRC) specific pathogen free (SPF) colony was examined using massively parallel sequencing.ResultsAnalyses of the 7 MHC loci revealed a background of Indian origin with high levels of variation despite past genetic bottlenecks. All loci exhibited mutual linkage disequilibria while conforming to Hardy–Weinberg expectations suggesting the achievement of mutation‐selection balance.ConclusionThe CPRC's SPF colony is a significant resource for research on AIDS and other infectious agents. Characterizing colony‐wide MHC variability facilitates the breeding and selection of animals bearing desired haplotypes and increases the investigator's ability to understand the immune responses mounted by these animals.
Neuroendocrine correlates of the critical day length response in the Soay sheep
Authors: Hazlerigg David , Lomet Didier , Lincoln Gerald , Dardente Hugues 
Published: July 2018

In mammals, melatonin is the hormone responsible for synchronisation of seasonal physiological cycles of physiology to the solar year. Melatonin is secreted by the pineal gland with a profile reflecting the duration of the night and acts via melatonin‐responsive cells in the pituitary pars tuberalis (PT), which in turn modulate hypothalamic thyroid hormone status. Recent models suggest that the actions of melatonin in the PT depend critically on day length‐dependent changes in the expression of eyes absent 3 (Eya3), which is a coactivator for thyrotrophin β‐subunit (Tshβ) gene transcription. According to this model, short photoperiods suppress Eya3 and hence Tshβ expression, whereas long photoperiods produce the inverse effect. Studies underpinning this model have relied on step changes in photoperiod (from 8 to 16 hours of light/24 hours) and have not compared the sensitive ranges of photoperiods for changes in Eya3 and Tshβ expression with those for relevant downstream molecular and endocrine responses. We therefore performed a “critical day length” experiment in Soay sheep, in which animals acclimated to 8 hours of light/24 hours (SP) were exposed to a range of increased photoperiods spanning the range 11.75 to 16 hours (LP) and then responses at the level of the PT, hypothalamus and hormonal output were assessed. Although Eya3 and Tshβ both showed the predicted SP vs LP differences, they responded quite differently to intermediate photoperiods within this range and, at the individual animal level, no clear Eya3‐Tshβ relationship could be seen. This result is inconsistent with a simple coactivator model for EYA3 action in the PT. Further downstream layers of nonlinearity were also seen in terms of the Tshβ‐dio2 and the dio2‐testosterone relationships. We conclude that the transduction of progressive changes in photoperiod into transitions in endocrine output is an emergent property of a multistep signalling cascade within the mammalian neuroendocrine system.
“A body in transformation”—An empirical phenomenological study about fear‐avoidance beliefs towards physical activity among persons experiencing moderate‐to‐severe rheumatic pain
Authors: Lööf Helena , Johansson Unn‐Britt 
Published: July 2018

AbstractAims and objectivesTo gain a better understanding of fear‐avoidance beliefs towards physical activity and body awareness in people experiencing moderate‐to‐severe rheumatic pain.BackgroundRheumatoid arthritis and psoriatic arthritis are long‐term conditions with pain as the prominent symptom. Health‐promoting physical activity is recommended and can have an analgesic effect. High self‐rated pain has previously been reported to be associated with increased fear‐avoidance behaviour in relation to physical activity. Body awareness, which includes attentional focus and awareness of internal body sensations, could be valuable in the nursing care of long‐term diseases.DesignEmpirical phenomenological.MethodsAn empirical phenomenological psychological method was applied. The interviews took place between autumn 2016–spring 2017 with 11 informants (eight women and three men, age range 44–71 years) who were diagnosed with rheumatoid arthritis (n = 7) or psoriatic arthritis (n = 4), with a disease duration ranging from 3–35 years. The mean visual analogue scale score in the study sample was 60 mm.ResultsThree typologies were identified: “My relatively fragile physical status”, “I am an active creator” and “Part of something bigger than myself.”ConclusionsThe current findings indicated that pain anticipation and fear‐avoidance beliefs towards physical activity sometimes affected the behaviour of individuals with long‐term rheumatic pain syndromes. People experiencing moderate‐to‐severe rheumatic pain tended to focus on their fragile physical and emotional state. By adopting a more favourable attitude towards the self, the body could be restored to a state of calm and balance.Relevance to clinical practiceThe current findings are relevant for healthcare professionals engaged in health‐promotion clinical practice.
Cross‐cultural differences in types and beliefs about treatment in women with temporomandibular disorder pain
Authors: Al‐Harthy Mohammad , List Thomas , Ohrbach Richard , Michelotti Ambra 
Published: July 2018

SummaryObjectivesWomen with temporomandibular disorder (TMD) pain from three cultures were assessed for type of treatment received and core illness beliefs.MethodsIn a clinical setting, 122 women patients with chronic TMD pain (39 Saudis, 41 Swedes and 42 Italians) were evaluated for patient characteristics, type of practitioner, type of treatment received and beliefs about TMD prior to consultation in TMD specialist centres. Measures included a survey of treatments received and a belief scale regarding contributing, aggravating and treatment‐relevant factors related to the pain. All questionnaires were translated from English and culturally adapted. Comparisons among cultural groups were performed using a linear regression model for continuous variables and logistic regression model for dichotomous variables. A P‐value < 0.05 was considered statistically significant.ResultsThe study found no significant associations between cultures and the type of practitioners consulted previously. Treatments differed among cultures: Swedes most commonly received behavioural therapy, acupuncture and an occlusal appliance; Saudis most commonly received Islamic medicine; and Italians most commonly received an antidepressant. Swedes were significantly more likely than Saudis and Italians to believe that TMD pain treatment should address behavioural factors.ConclusionsAmong Saudi, Italian and Swedish women with chronic TMD pain, culture does not influence the type of practitioner consulted before visiting a TMD specialist or their beliefs about contributing and aggravating factors for their pain. However, treatment types and beliefs concerning mechanisms underlying the pain differed cross‐culturally, with local availability or larger cultural beliefs also probably influencing the types of treatments that TMD patients pursue.
Anxiety and malocclusion are associated with temporomandibular disorders in adolescents diagnosed by RDC/TMD. A cross‐sectional study
Authors: de Paiva Bertoli Fernanda Mara , Bruzamolin Carolina Dea , de Almeida Kranz Graciely Osternack , Losso Estela Maris , Brancher Joao Armando , de Souza Juliana Feltrin 
Published: July 2018

SummaryBackgroundTemporomandibular Disorders (TMD) is a multifactorial condition, which could be associated to occlusal and psychological factors, such as anxiety.ObjectiveInvestigate if anxiety and malocclusion are associated with the prevalence of TMD in adolescents.MethodsTo ensure a population‐based representative sample, 934 adolescents aged 10 to 14 years old from Curitiba‐PR, Brazil were randomly selected and examined according to Research Diagnostic Criteria for Temporomandibular Disorders (RDC/TMD) and malocclusion by a single‐calibrated examiner (Kappa > 0.80). Anxiety was assessed according to trait anxiety (STAI‐T), categorised as high, moderate and low levels. For occlusal exam, it was considered: Angel's molar relationship, anterior and posterior crossbite, excessive overjet, open and deep bite. The associations were analysed by the crude and adjusted prevalence ration (RPa) of TMJ, calculated by a Poisson multivariate regression with robust variance (α = 0.05).ResultsThe prevalence of at least one type of malocclusion was found in 52.3%. Anxiety was found in high level (12.2%), moderate (70.4%) and low (17.5%). Presence of high anxiety was significantly associated with the prevalence of TMD symptoms (RPa = 4.06, P < 0.001), as well as the prevalence of myofascial pain (RPa = 24.78; P < 0.001) and prevalence of disc displacement with reduction (RPa = 11.08, P < 0.001). Adolescents Class II had higher prevalence of myofascial pain (Class II RPa = 1.73; P < 0.015) than adolescents Class I. Adolescents Class III presented higher prevalence of myofascial pain (PRa 2.53; P = 0.004) than adolescents Class I.ConclusionAnxiety is strongly associated with TMD in adolescents. Presence of Class II or III is associated with higher prevalence of myofascial pain in adolescentsPLESAE check and approve the edit made in the article title.
Prevalence of psychosocial impairment in temporomandibular disorder patients: A systematic review
Authors: De La Torre Canales Giancarlo , Câmara‐Souza Mariana Barbosa , Muñoz Lora Victor Ricardo Manuel , Guarda‐Nardini Luca , Conti Paulo César Rodrigues , Rodrigues Garcia Renata Matheus , Del Bel Cury Altair Antoninha , Manfredini Daniele 
Published: July 2018

SummaryBackgroundSeveral studies have described high levels of psychosocial disorders in patients with temporomandibular disorders (TMD), but an estimate of their prevalence in populations of TMD patients has never been assessed systematically.ObjectiveTo conduct a systematic review of the literature on the prevalence of research diagnostic criteria for TMD (RDC/TMD) Axis II findings in TMD patients.MethodsSearch for articles was carried out by two independent researchers to retrieve papers published after 1992. Inclusion was reserved to observational studies with a minimum sample size of 100 individuals, which used RDC/TMD diagnostic protocol. Quality assessment was performed with the adoption of the methodological evaluation of observational research (MORE).ResultsA total of 1186 citations were obtained from search strategy, but only 14 filled the inclusion criteria. Included papers reported somatisation, depression and/or pain‐related disability prevalence or scores from populations of 12 different countries. A broad range in the prevalence of moderate‐to‐severe somatisation in patients with TMD was observed, ranging from 28.5% to 76.6%. Similar results were found for depression, with moderate‐to‐severe levels in 21.4%‐60.1% of patients. Finally, most patients were rated as grade I or II of the Graded Chronic Pain Scale, whereas high pain‐related impairment was present in 2.6% to 24% of the individuals.ConclusionThe prevalence of severe‐to‐moderate somatisation and depression was high in TMD patients, while severe physical impairment was not commonly reported.
Association between obstructive sleep apnea and alcohol, caffeine and tobacco: A meta‐analysis
Authors: Taveira Karinna Veríssimo Meira , Kuntze Morgane Marion , Berretta Fernanda , de Souza Beatriz Dulcineia Mendes , Godolfim Luiz Roberto , Demathe Thiago , De Luca Canto Graziela , Porporatti André Luís 
Published: July 2018

SummaryThe aim of this systematic review was to answer the focused question, “Is there an association between obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) and alcohol, caffeine or tobacco use?” Five electronic databases (Cinahl, Literatura Latth American and Caribbean, PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science) and 3 grey literature (Google Acadêmico, ProQuest, OpenGrey) were searched, as well as search on reference list of included papers and contacts with study authors. Observational studies were included. The Meta‐Analysis of Statistics Assessment and Review Instrument (MAStARI) tool assessed the potential risk of bias (RoB) among the studies, while the Grading of Recommendations Assessment, Development and Evaluation (GRADE) approach determined the level of evidence. Meta‐Analysis was performed with RevMan 5.3 software. Among 3,442 identified studies, 14 were included. Eleven studies were classified as moderate RoB and 3 as high RoB. Meta‐analysis showed OSA has no association with tobacco and presented a positive association with alcohol. The odds ratio for OSA increased almost 1.33 times (95% confidence interval [CI]; 1.10‐1.62) for alcohol users. There was insufficient published data to evaluate whether OSA is associated with caffeine. The overall quality of evidence ranged from low to very low. OSA was associated with the use of alcohol, however there is not enough evidence to confirm the association with tobacco or caffeine. Due to the very low GRADE level of evidence, caution should be applied when considering these findings.
Reliability, validity, and sex differences in a quantitative gag reflex measurement method
Authors: Karibe Hiroyuki , Okamoto Ayuko , Kato Yuichi , Shimazu Kisaki , Goddard Greg 
Published: July 2018

SummaryA reliable assessment method is required to manage the gag reflex. We tested the inter‐ and intra‐examiner reliability and validity of a quantitative measurement method and evaluated the differences between sexes. This study included 21 healthy adults (10 women, 11 men; mean age, 27.1 ± 9.9 years). An examiner inserted a standard saliva ejector slowly down the participant's throat to determine the maximum tolerance of the gag reflex; the insertion depth was used as an index of gag reflex. The reflex was measured by one examiner during two sessions (S1 and S3) and by a second examiner during one session (S2) under the same conditions. The galvanic skin response (GSR) and heart rate (HR) were recorded during each session to test the method validity. Data were analysed using the intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC), paired t test, and two‐way repeated‐measures analysis of variance. The ICC of the gag reflex measurements was 0.91 between S1 and S2, and 0.93 between S1 and S3. The GSR and HR increased significantly after the maximum tolerance of the reflex in S1, S2, and S3 (GSR: P < 0.001, P = 0.004, P = 0.001, respectively; HR: all, P < 0.001). Differences in the measurements according to sex and session were not significant. Our method exhibited excellent inter‐ and intra‐examiner reliability and was unaffected by the participants’ sex. Measurement revealed significant autonomic reactivity, which is common for this reflex. Consequently, this method may be used in clinical and laboratory‐based applications.
Human jaw joint hypermobility: Diagnosis and biomechanical modelling
Authors: Tuijt Matthijs , Parsa Azin , Koutris Michail , Berkhout Erwin , Koolstra Jan Harm , Lobbezoo Frank 
Published: July 2018

SummaryPatients with hypermobility disorders of the jaw joint experience joint sounds and jerky movements of the jaw. In severe cases, a subluxation or luxation can occur. Clinically, hypermobility disorders should be differentiated from disc displacements. With biomechanical modelling, we previously identified the anterior slope angle of the eminence and the orientation of the jaw closers to potentially contribute to hypermobility disorders. Using cone‐beam computed tomography (CBCT), we constructed patient‐specific models of the masticatory system to incorporate these aspects. It is not known whether the clinical diagnosis of hypermobility disorders is associated with the prediction of hypermobility by a patient‐specific biomechanical model. Fifteen patients and eleven controls, matched for gender and age, were enrolled in the study. Clinical diagnosis was performed according to the Diagnostic Criteria for Temporomandibular Disorders (DC/TMD) and additional testing to differentiate hypermobility from disc displacements. Forward simulations with patient‐specific biomechanical models were performed for maximum opening and subsequent closing of the jaw. This predicted a hypermobility disorder (luxation) or a control (normal closing). We found no association between the clinical diagnosis and predictions of hypermobility disorders. The biomechanical models overestimated the number of patients, yielding a low specificity. The role of the collagenous structures remains unclear; therefore, the articular disc and the ligaments should be modelled in greater detail. This also holds for the fanned shape of the temporalis muscle. However, for the osseous structures, we determined post hoc that the anterior slope angle of the articular eminence is steeper in patients than in controls.
Validity and reliability of the mixing ability test as masticatory performance outcome in children with spastic cerebral palsy and children with typical development: A pilot study
Authors: Remijn Lianne , Vermaire Jorine A. , Nijhuis‐van der Sanden Maria W. G. , Groen Brenda E. , Speksnijder Caroline M. 
Published: July 2018

SummaryBackgroundThe mixing ability test (MAT) as an outcome measure of masticatory performance is largely used in studies with adults, but not yet with children.ObjectiveThis study aimed to test the construct validity and the test‐retest reliability of the MAT in children with spastic cerebral palsy (CP) and children with typical development (TD).MethodThe results of the MAT were correlated with tongue movements, mandible movements, relative muscle contraction and clinical observation measured with ultrasound, 3D kinematics, electromyography (EMG) and relevant items of the mastication observation and evaluation (MOE) instrument, respectively. Moreover, the between‐groups effect was tested. Test‐retest reliability was calculated with an intra‐class correlation coefficient (ICC) and standard error of measurement (SEM).ResultsTwenty‐one children (seven children with spastic CP and 14 children with TD) participated in this study. The MAT scores showed moderate to good correlations with some variables of the tongue movements, horizontal mandible movements and occlusion duration, relative muscle contraction of the left temporalis and all six MOE items (−0.80 < r < 0.49). The MAT scores were significantly higher for children with CP (mean 22.6; SD 2.4) compared to children with TD (mean 19.9; SD 1.9). The test‐retest reliability had an ICC of 0.7 and a SEM of 1.16 (±5% of the mean score).ConclusionThese results indicate that the MAT is suitable and complementary to ultrasound, 3D kinematics, EMG and observation to compare the masticatory performance between children with CP and children with TD, with an acceptable test‐retest reliability.
Identification of Fusarium proliferatum causing leaf spots on Cymbidium orchids in Taiwan
Authors: Wang Chao‐Jen , Chen Yi‐Jeng , Jain Yi‐Chi , Chung Wen‐Chuan , Wang Chih‐Li , Chung Wen‐Hsin 
Published: July 2018

AbstractPrevious research indicated that black and yellow leaf spots on Cymbidium, Ondontioda, Dendrobium and Cattleya could be caused by Fusarium proliferatum worldwide. However, the agent causing leaf spot on Cymbidium spp. plants is still obscure in Taiwan. Thirty‐five F. fujikuroi species complex (FFSC)‐like isolates were collected from Cymbidium leaf spot from different greenhouses in Taiwan. All isolates were identified as F. proliferatum based on morphological characteristics and molecular analysis. Sequence of translation elongation factor 1‐alpha gene showed 99%–100% homology with F. proliferatum. In addition, two assay techniques using either detached leaves or seedlings were used to evaluate the pathogenicity and host range of the isolates and consequently their effects on Cymbidium and other orchid plants. Pathogenicity assays revealed that all isolates induced black and necrotic spots on detached leaves of Cymbidium, showing 9.4%–29.5% severity on seedlings of Cymbidium. Results of host specificity tests on detached leaves of different plants indicated that the F. proliferatum isolates collected from Cymbidium plants caused severe black spots on Oncidium, Cymbidium, Dendrobium and Cattleya plants. The symptoms on Phalaenopsis plants were relatively mild. Results of host specificity tests on plant seedlings indicated that the F. proliferatum isolates of Cymbidium origin were also pathogenic to Oncidium, Cymbidium and Dendrobium, but not to Cattleya and Phalaenopsis. Phylogenetic analysis of the translation elongation factor (TEF) gene among all fungal isolates using maximum parsimony (MP) and Bayesian inference (BI) methods revealed that the isolates of F. proliferatum from Cymbidium spp. could be separated from other FFSC‐like species with high phylogenetic support.
Protective effect of methylsulfonylmethane in caerulein-induced acute pancreatitis and associated lung injury in mice
Authors: Velusamy Ranjith Kumar , Tamizhselvi Ramasamy 
Published: July 2018

Abstract

Objectives
In the present study, we have elaborated the anti-inflammatory mechanism of MSM through homing of CD34+ stem cells towards an inflamed region by regulating hydrogen sulfide (H2S) in an in vivo model of caerulein-induced acute pancreatitis (AP) and associated lung injury.

Methods
Male Swiss mice were treated with hourly intraperitoneal injections of caerulein (50 μg/kg) for 6 h. MSM (500 mg/kg) was administered intraperitoneally 1 h after the first caerulein injection (therapeutic). The serum amylase activity and myeloperoxidase (MPO) activity in lung and pancreas were measured. The levels of H2S and interleukin (IL)-1β, cystathionine-γ-lyase (CSE) and CD34+ expressions in pancreas and lungs were determined by RT-PCR and ELISA.

Key Findings
Methylsulfonylmethane significantly ameliorated pancreas and lung histopathological changes, decreased serum amylase, MPO activity and inhibited caerulein-induced IL-1β expression. Furthermore, MSM reduced caerulein-induced H2S levels by alleviating the expression of CSE in pancreas and lungs and increased CD34 expression and inhibited nuclear factor (NF)-κB translocation in caerulein-induced AP and associated lung injury.

Conclusions
These findings indicate that MSM can effectively reduce inflammatory responses and induce the homing of CD34+ cells to the injured tissues.