bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Removal of lead in water using activated carbon prepared from Acacia catechu
Authors: Lakshmikandhan K , Ramadevi A 
Published: August 2019

The adsorption of Pb (II) on bicarbonate-treated Acacia catechu carbon (BTACC) and commercial activated carbon (CAC) was investigated to assess the possible use of this adsorbent for Pb (II) removal from aqueous solutions. The results obtained from batch studies showed that 98% Pb (II) adsorption for BTACC occurs within 4 h of contact time, within a pH range of 4–10 and a carbon dosage of 100 mg with initial Pb (II) concentration of 10 mg∙L-1, whereas for CAC 52% Pb (II) adsorption occurred within 5 h of contact time and a narrow range of pH 5 and carbon dosage of 100 mg. Adsorption followed pseudo-second-order kinetics for both carbon sources, with the mechanism of adsorption being intra-particle diffusion and film-diffusion. The best fitting adsorption isotherm for both BTACC and CAC were the Langmuir, Freundlich and Temkin models. Surface characteristics were studied using FT-IR, SEM, EDX.
Nzolani: novas vontades, saberes e fazeres na educação superior
Authors: Caixeta Juliana Eugênia , Sousa Maria do Amparo de , Silva Raimunda Leila José da , Santos Paulo França , Gomes Elsilene Lino , De Lima Lídia Moreira , Silva Ravena do Carmo , Alves Euler Brennequer dos Santos , Cunha Samuel Loubach da 
Published: August 2019

O objetivo deste artigo foi apresentar instrumentos teóricos-metodológicos que temos utilizado e (re)construído em nossas experiências de atuação solidária, neste caso, vividas no contexto da disciplina Construção de Projetos Sociais Multidisciplinares, da Universidade de Brasília, a partir da narrativa dos/as participantes envolvidos/as no desenvolvimento dos projetos sociais intulados: Revitalização da Escola Flor de Laranjeira (em Brasília) e Combate à Intolerância Religiosa (em Salvador). A pesquisa qualitativa com delineamento de pesquisa-ação fundamentou a prática; e a pesquisa narrativa fundamentou a construção de informações para a análise das experiências, entendida como as lembranças que a pessoa tem de uma situação vivida que a impactou. As narrativas, analisadas com base nos pressupostos da análise temática dialógica, geraram dois eixos vinculados aos significados atribuídos à experiência de atuação solidária: modo de execução e consequência. A análise das narrativas dos/as estudantes demonstrou que os contextos formativos, construídos na disciplina, afetaram seus posicionamentos de si, no sentido de considerar, com mais propriedade, os outros escopos sociais e os contextos com os quais/nos quais interagiram, favorecendo a construção de identidades profissionais solidárias. Com isso, entendemos que a inovação da atuação extensionista está em evocar e/ou permitir a construção de posicionamentos preponderantes de colaboração, que evidenciam um agir de troca intencionalmente solidário, que tende a gerar alegria, saúde mental e sentimento de dever cumprido, como evidenciado nos relatos dos/as estudantes.
One-Bone Forearm Reconstruction
Authors: Devendra Agraharam , Velmurugesan Purnaganapathi Sundaram , Dheenadhayalan Jayaramaraju , Venkatramani Hari , Sabapathy Shanmuganathan Raja , Rajasekaran Shanmuganathan 
Published: August 2019

Background:
Salvaging the forearm is a major challenge in cases of massive bone loss from injuries in which the extremity is severely mangled or following bone resection secondary to pathological tissue excision. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the role of one-bone forearm (OBF) reconstruction as a salvage option in these difficult situations.

Methods:
A total of 38 patients with forearm segmental bone loss (acute and chronic) treated between 1995 and 2014 were included (range of follow-up, 2 to 20 years). Sixteen of the patients, 8 with avulsion amputations and 8 with severely mangled extremities, were managed in the emergency department because they required immediate replantation and revascularization, respectively. In the chronic setting, bone loss was due to infection with nonunion in 16 patients, tumor of the radius in 2 patients, and pseudarthrosis of the forearm in 4 patients. The surgical technique included conversion to OBF by achieving union between the distal part of the radius and the proximal part of the ulna in the majority of cases, with distal radioulnar joint (DRUJ) fusion in 4 cases, and ulna to carpals in 5 cases. Direct bone contact was achieved in 16 patients, a free vascularized fibular graft was used to bridge the bone gap in 10 patients, and 12 patients required iliac crest bone-grafting.

Results:
The mean patient age was 35.5 years (range, 6 to 87 years); there were 23 male and 15 female patients. Among those who underwent OBF for acute injuries, the mean time to union was 7.3 months; 14 patients had complete union, and 2 patients had infection with nonunion requiring secondary procedures. As assessed using the criteria of Chen, 10 patients had a grade-I functional outcome, 3 patients had a grade-II outcome, and 3 patients had a grade-III outcome. In the elective group of 22 patients, the average time to union was 7.1 months. Nonunion was reported for 2 patients. On the basis of the Peterson scoring system, the outcome was excellent for 12 patients, good for 6 patients, fair for 2 patients, and poor for 2 patients.

Conclusions:
OBF reconstruction is a viable surgical treatment alternative. It is a demanding reconstruction but functions better and is cosmetically more appealing than a forearm amputation.

Level of Evidence:
Therapeutic Level IV. See Instructions for Authors for a complete description of levels of evidence.
Bone Quality and Fracture-Healing in Type-1 and Type-2 Diabetes Mellitus
Authors: Henderson Shasta , Ibe Izuchukwu , Cahill Sean , Chung Yeon-Ho , Lee Francis Y. 
Published: August 2019

➤ Patients with type-1 or type-2 diabetes have an increased risk of fracture, which is secondary to early bone loss in type-1 diabetes whereas, in type 2, the development of abnormal osseous architecture results in paradoxically increased or normal bone mineral density.➤ Diabetic patients diagnosed with osteoporosis should receive the same standard antiresorptive therapies as non-diabetic patients in conjunction with appropriate glycemic control.➤ Medical management of type-2 diabetes can affect bone health and fracture risk. Thiazolidinediones have been correlated with an increased facture risk, whereas metformin can be protective of the bone health of diabetic patients.➤ Diabetes increases the likelihood of nonunion and delayed union of fractures as well as other perioperative complications such as infection.➤ Perioperative glycemic control may decrease the risk of perioperative complications, especially surgical site infection. Methods to directly improve diabetic fracture-healing such as the use of parathyroid hormone and sclerostin antibody are in the experimental phase.➤ Prior to proceeding with operative intervention for fractures, it is necessary to consider the additional risk posed by diabetes, which must be taken into account when planning the approach, fixation, and postoperative management in this population.
Determining ‘Curriculum Viability’ through Standards and Inhibitors of Curriculum Quality: A Scoping Review
Authors: Khan Rehan Ahmed , Spruijt Annemarie , Mahboob Usman , Merrienboer Jeroen J. G. van 
Published: August 2019

Abstract
Background A curriculum is dynamic entity and hence, metaphorically, can be considered ‘alive’. Curricular diseases may impair its quality and hence its viability. The quality of a curriculum is typically assessed against certain quality standards only. This approach does not identify the inhibitors impeding the achievement of quality standards. The purpose of this study is to identify not only standards but also inhibitors of curriculum quality, allowing for a more comprehensive assessment of what we coin ‘curriculum viability’. Methods We performed a scoping review of ‘curriculum viability’, after which 13 articles were found eligible through a meticulous search and selection process. We first identified 1233 studies based on matching keywords, title and abstract; 36 of which met our inclusion criteria. After application of the Qualsyst criteria, two independent reviewers performed a thematic analysis of the 13 articles that remained. Results While all studies reported on standards of quality, only two studies described both standards and inhibitors of quality. These standards and inhibitors were related to educational content and strategy, students, faculty, assessment, educational/work environment, communication, technology and leadership. Conclusions The framework of curriculum viability thus developed will help identify inhibitors adversely affecting the curriculum viability and remaining hidden or un-noticed when curriculum evaluation is done.
The Bucket Test Differentiates Patients with MRI Confirmed Brainstem/Cerebellar Lesions from Patients Having Migraine and Dizziness Alone
Authors: Chang Tzu-Pu , Winnick Ariel A , Hsu Yung-Chu , Sung Pi-Yu , Schubert Michael C 
Published: August 2019

Abstract
Background: Among the most challenging diagnostic dilemmas managing patients with vestibular symptoms (i.e. vertigo, nausea, imbalance) is differentiating dangerous central vestibular disorders from benign causes. Migraine has long been recognized as one of the most common causes of vestibular symptoms, but the clinical hallmarks of vestibular migraine are notoriously inconsistent and thus the diagnosis is difficult to confirm. Here we conducted a prospective study investigating the sensitivity and specificity of combining standard vestibular and neurological examinations to determine how well central vestibular disorders (CVD) were distinguishable from vestibular migraine (VM).
Method: Twenty-seven symptomatic patients diagnosed with CVD and 36 symptomatic patients with VM underwent brain imaging and clinical assessments including; 1) SVV bucket test, 2) ABCD2, 3) headache/vertigo history, 4) presence of focal neurological signs, 5) nystagmus, and 6) clinical head impulse testing.
Results: Mean absolute SVV deviations measured by bucket testing in CVD and VM were 4.8±4.1° and 0.7±1.0°, respectively. The abnormal rate of SVV deviations (>2.3°) in CVD was significantly higher than VM (p<0.001). Using the bucket test alone to differentiate CVD from VM, sensitivity was 74.1%, specificity 91.7%, positive likelihood ratio (LR+) 8.9, and negative likelihood ratio (LR-) 0.3. However, when we combined the SVV results with the clinical exam assessing gaze stability (nystagmus) with an abnormal focal neurological exam, the sensitivity (92.6%) and specificity (88.9%) were optimized (LR+ (8.3), LR- (0.08)).
Conclusion: The SVV bucket test is a useful clinical test to distinguish CVD from VM, particularly when interpreted along with the results of a focal neurological exam and clinical exam for nystagmus.
Palliative care nurse specialists' reflections on a palliative care educational intervention in long-term care: An inductive content analysis
Authors: Frey Rosemary Ann , Balmer Deborah , Boyd Michal , Robinson Jackie , Gott Merryn 
Published: August 2019

Abstract
Background: Older people in long-term care facilities are at a greater risk of receiving care at the end of life that does not adequately meet their needs, yet staff in long-term care are often unprepared to provide palliative care. The objective of the study was to explore palliative care nurse specialists’ experiences regarding the benefits of and barriers to the implementation of a palliative care educational intervention, Supportive Hospice Aged Residential Exchange (SHARE) in 20 long-term care facilities.
Methods: Reflective logs (465), recorded over the course of the yearlong SHARE intervention by the three palliative care nurse specialists from two local hospices, who were the on-site mentors, were qualitatively analyzed by two researchers utilizing inductive content analysis.
Results: Categories emerging from the logs include the importance of relationships, knowledge exchange, communication, and the challenges of providing palliative care in a long-term care setting.
Conclusion: Evidence from the logs indicated that sustained relationships between the palliative care nurse specialists and staff (registered nurses, healthcare assistants) as well as reciprocal learning were key factors supporting the implementation of this palliative care educational intervention. Challenges remain however in relation to staffing levels, which further emphasizes the importance of palliative care nurse specialist presence as a point of stability.
Novel mutations of the POLR3A gene caused POLR3-related leukodystrophy in a Chinese family: a case report
Authors: Wu Shuiyan , Bai Zhenjiang , Dong Xingqiang , Yang Daoping , Chen Hongmei , Hua Jun , Zhou Libing , Lv Haitao 
Published: August 2019

Abstract
Background: POLR3-related leukodystrophy is an autosomal recessive neurodegenerative disorder characterized by onset time ranging from the neonatal period to late childhood, progressive motor decline that manifests as spasticity, ataxia, tremor, and cerebellar symptoms, as well as mild cognitive regression and hypodontia. POLR3-related leukodystrophy belongs to the family of RNA polymerase III-related leukodystrophy, which are caused by biallelic mutations in the POLR3A, POLR3B, POLRC1, or POLR3K genes.
Case presentation: In this study, we report a female child with POLR3-related leukodystrophy manifesting as cognitive decline, moderate dysarthria, motor decline, cerebellar syndrome, short stature, dysphagia, hypodontia, and mild delayed myelination by brain imaging. Interestingly, polytrichia and bronchodysplasia were first observed in a POLR3-related leukodystrophy patient. Medical exome sequencing with high coverage depth was employed to identify potential genetic variants in the patient. Novel compound heterozygous mutations of the POLR3A gene, c.1771-6C>G and c.2611del (p.M871Cfs*8), were detected. One of them is an uncommon splice site mutation, and this is the first report of this mutation in a Chinese family. The father was determined to be a heterozygous carrier of the c.2611del (p.M871Cfs*8) mutation and the mother a heterozygous carrier of the c.1771-6C>G mutation.
Conclusion: The patient’s newly emerged clinical features and mutations provide useful information for further exploration of genotype-phenotype correlations of POLR3-related leukodystrophy.
Use of patients’ unsolicited correspondence to a family doctor to describe and understand valued components of a doctor-patient relationship: A Hermeneutics approach
Authors: Yaffe Mark J. , Hovey Richard B. , Rodriguez Charo 
Published: August 2019

Abstract
Background

Communication and behavior within doctor - patient encounters have been examined using varied techniques; however the nature of unsolicited writings from patients to their family doctors has rarely been reported. This paper therefore aimed to explore the content of, and motivation for, such correspondence.

Methods

107 writings to one family physician about care provided during a four decade period were considered. Univariate analyses were used to identify features of patients or family members who wrote personalized notes to the doctor, when, and in what fashion. A hermeneutic approach helped look at the content of the notes, the specific words or sentiments used to describe encounters or care received, and possible motivations for writing. Iterative review of words or phrases generated themes which summarized appreciated physician or relational attributes, as well as motivations for writing.

Results

Notes were mostly handwritten, predominantly by women, and frequently coinciding with holidays and life span events. Appreciated doctor characteristics and behaviors were (1) quality care; and physician (2) competence; (3) physical presence; (4) positive personal traits; (5) provision of emotional support; and (6) spiritual impact. Motivations for writing were grouped as desire to (1) express appreciation for an established relationship; (2) acknowledge value / benefit experienced from continuity of care; (3) seek catharsis, emotional relief or closure; (4) reflect on termination of care; (5) validate care that incorporates both Hippocratic tradition and Asklepian healing ; and (6) share personal reflection, experience, or impact.

Conclusions

Unsolicited writings provide personalized links from patients to physicians, expressing thoughts perhaps difficult to share face to face. They offer potential as teaching tools about the content of doctor-patient relationships; for example, the writers studied expressed appreciation for quality continuity care that was competent, considerate, and supportive of emotional and spiritual needs.
Effects of transport stress on fecal microbiota in healthy donkeys
Authors: Jiang Guimiao , Zhang Xinhao , Gao Weiping , Feng Peixiang , Wang Tao , Feng Yulong , Li Lin , Zhou Xiangshan , Ji Chuanliang , Zhang Zhiping , Zhao Fuwei 
Published: August 2019

Abstract
Background: With the development of large-scale donkey farming in China, long-distance transportation has become a common practice, and the incidence of intestinal diseases after transportation has increased. Intestinal microbiota is important for health and disease, and whether transportation disturbs donkey intestinal microbiota has not been investigated. This study aims to determine the effects of transportation on the fecal microbiota of healthy donkeys using 16S rDNA sequencing.
Results: Fecal samples were collected from the rectum of 12 Dezhou donkeys before and after transportation. Results show that long-distance transportation can induce severe stress in donkeys and result in significantly lower level of bacterial richness index compared with that before transport (p=0.042) without distinct changes in diversity. This marked decrease in specific bacterial richness, such as for Eubacterium, Streptococcus, and Coriobacteriaceae, might be associated with the restricted synthesis of anti-inflammatory cytokines and metabolites, such as short chain fatty acids (SCFAs) that potentially contribute to disease development after the transport.
Conclusions: Further studies are required to understand the potential effect of these microbiota changes on the development of donkey intestinal diseases. Preventative and therapeutic measures for donkeys before and after transportation should focus on providing diverse and rich bacterial microbiota and probiotic flora.
Keywords: Transport stress, Donkeys, Fecal microbiota, 16S rDNA sequencing
Breast self-examination practice and associated factors among female healthcare workers in Western Ethiopia 2019: A cross-sectional study
Authors: Shallo seifadin Ahmed , Boru Jibril Dori 
Published: August 2019

Abstract
I. Abstract Objective: Breast cancer is the leading cause of death among reproductive age women worldwide. Regular breast self-examination is one of the most cost-effective methods for early detection of breast cancer. Therefore, this study intended to assess the magnitude of breast self-examination practice and associated factors among female healthcare workers in public health facility in Western Ethiopia. Institutional based cross-sectional study was conducted among 379 female healthcare workers. The study participants were recruited by lottery method. Data were collected from March to April 2019. Data were entered into Epi data version 3.1 and analyzed using SPSS version 25. Bivariate and multiple logistic regressions analysis were done to identify factors significantly associated with the dependent variables. With 95% CI, the level of significance was decided at p-value≤ 0.05 Results: The magnitude of regular breast self-examination practice was 32.6%. After adjusting for possible confounders; educational level, being aware of the risk factors of breast cancer, knowledge towards breast self-examination were independent predictors of regular breast self-examination practice. Regular awareness creation forum on breast self-examination technique, risk factors, and related matters should be facilitated so that all female health care workers will be reminded. Keywords: breast self-examination practice, female health workers,
Nutritional status and associated factors among primary school students, in Meket Wereda, Ethiopia: comparing schools with feeding and non-feeding program
Authors: Demilew Yeshalem Mulugeta , Nigussie Azezu Asres 
Published: August 2019

Abstract
Background

Under-nutrition significantly affects the academic performance of students. Despite its remarkable effect, the prevalence of malnutrition was very high in Ethiopia. To reduce malnutrition and its serious consequence Ethiopian government in collaboration with the world food program implemented school feeding program in food insecure areas. However, its effect on the nutritional status of students was not assessed, yet. Therefore, this study aimed to compare the nutritional status of primary school students enrolled in schools with school feeding program and primary school students enrolled in schools without in Meket Woreda.

Methods

A school-based comparative cross-sectional study was conducted among 1091 students, from April 1-27/2015. The study participants were selected using multi-stage stratified sampling method. Structured questionnaire was used to collect data. Data entry and analysis were done by SPSS version 20 software. Descriptive statistics and logistic regression analyses were done. Anthropometric data were calculated using Anthro-plus software.

Results

the prevalence of stunting was higher among students who took meal at school than students who did not consume meal at school (58.5% Vs 48.3%) whereas the prevalence of thinness was higher among students who did not take meal at school compared with students who took meal at school (37.5% Vs27.8%). Factors associated with stunting were having uneducated mother [AOR=2.1, 95% CI: (1.4, 3.3)], drinking river water [AOR=1.5, 95% CI: (1.1, 2.1)], being a male [AOR=1.6, 95% CI: (1.3, 2.1)] and taking meal once daily [AOR=2.6, 95% CI: (1.2, 5.9)].

Whereas, students who did not take meal at school [AOR=2.6, 95% CI: (1.8, 3.8)], having uneducated mother [AOR=5.3, 95% CI: (2.2, 12.6)], being a male [AOR=1.9, 95% CI: (1.4, 2.5)], and taking meal once daily [AOR=2.7, 95% CI: (1.6, 3.9)] were positively associated with thinness.

Conclusion

School meal program is important to prevent thinness. Thus, school meal program should be implemented in schools have no the program. Education should be given to improve the source of drinking water, frequency and diversity of food at home by giving emphasis to uneducated and housewife mothers.
A five year retrospective analysis of common intestinal parasites at Poly Health Center, Gondar, Northwest Ethiopia
Authors: Ayelgn Meseret , Worku Ligabaw , Ferede Getachew , Wondimeneh Yitayih 
Published: August 2019

Abstract
Objective: Intestinal parasites are present throughout the world in varying degrees of prevalence due to many factors. The aim of this study was to determine the five year trend prevalence of intestinal prevalence among patients who had been suspected for intestinal parasite infections. A retrospective study was conducted from 2009 to 2013 at Poly Health Center Gondar, Northwest Ethiopia. Samples were examined using direct saline wet mount methods. Statistical analysis was done using SPSS version 20 software and P-value of < 0.05 was considered statistically significant. The results were presented in tables and graphs.
Results: during the study period, a total of 13,329 stool samples were requested for intestinal parasite diagnose and 41.3% laboratory confirmed cases were reported with a fluctuating trend. Ten different parasites were reported in each year with Entamoeba histolytica/dispar (16.8%) being the predominant parasite followed by Giardia lamblia (11.4%) and Ascaris lumbricoides (6.7%). Both males (49%) and females (51%) were equally affected. Intestinal parasite was reported in all age groups in the area but the age group of 10–19 years (44.7%) was more affected.
Key words: Intestinal parasite, Trend prevalence, Gondar, Ethiopia