bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Common fixed point theorems for uniformly subcompatible mappings satisfying more general condition
Authors: Sumitra R. , Uthariaraj V. Rhymend , Vijayaraju P. , Hemavathy R 
Published: May 2019

We prove common fixed point theorems for uniformly subcompatible mappings satisfying a more generalized ciric type condition and a condition more general than gregus type condition in a locally convex domain. As an application, we have also established best approximation result. Our results extend recent results existing in the literature.
Los diarios y notas de los viajes pedagógicos de Rosa Sensat Vilà durante el periodo 1908–1913: Análisis crítico y conceptual, aportaciones y debates
Authors: Soler Mata Joan 
Published: May 2019

El artículo está centrado en el análisis crítico y conceptual de los diarios y notas de los viajes que, con carácter pedagógico y de estudio, la maestra Rosa Sensat Vilà (1873-1961) realizó durante el periodo 1908-1913 por distintos países europeos. Nos preguntamos acerca de las personas y los lugares, las experiencias personales, las experiencias relevantes y las opiniones y valoraciones críticas plasmadas en los diarios con el objetivo de reconstruir una parte del proceso de elaboración del universo conceptual de Rosa Sensat. Las fuentes documentales analizadas, de carácter primario y escrito, están localizadas en el Fondo histórico de la Biblioteca Rosa Sensat en Barcelona (Fondo Rosa Sensat) y en el Archivo Edad de Plata (Expedientes JAE). La metodología cualitativa utilizada es de carácter hermenéutico y conceptual, atendiendo a algunas aportaciones de la investigación biográfico-narrativa. A partir de la lectura de los diarios y notas de viaje, localizamos y sistematizamos los datos y la información disponible con el objetivo de establecer un catálogo de las instituciones visitadas y las relaciones establecidas con maestros y pedagogos europeos; y también para interpretar los textos y las descripciones para analizar las ideas y, sobretodo, los conceptos que incorpora a su propio ideario pedagógico.
Documentation of torture in children and young adults: Time to reflect
Authors: Pérez-Sales Pau 
Published: May 2019

Documenting torture in children and young adults (ChYA) is a challenge. Less than 3% of academic papers on documentation and rehabilitation of torture victims are focused on children and youth. In the Delphi study on research priorities in the sector (Pérez-Sales, Witcombe, & Otero Oyague, 2017), five lines were proposed regarding torture in children, which covered: developmental disruptions related to the torture of relatives; developmental deficits related to infant torture; the effect on caregivers of torture/kidnapping of their children; the impact of torture on identity and worldviews among adolescents; and transgenerational trauma. The latter was considered among the 40 top research priorities. In this editorial, we briefly review: aspects related to the notion of torture as applied to ChYA; specific ethical problems in forensic documentation; and challenges in consistency statements. By doing so, we aim to outline key challenges that researchers and practitioners ought to pursue.
Distribution of Butterfly Species Associated with Environmental Factors in Sri Lanka
Authors: Kumari P. M. S. S. , Wijekoon P. 
Published: May 2019

The species diversity monitoring of butterflies in Sri Lanka is considered in this study under certain environmental factors. Species richness, and Shannon and Simpson’s diversity indices were calculated to understand the variation of the distributions of butterfly species. Maximum and minimum diversity and richness were observed from Rathnapura and Puththalama districts in Sri Lanka, respectively. Based on the Diamond’s assembly rules and Probabilistic models, it was noted that most of the butterflies were randomly distributed, and there was little predictable co-occurrence between species pairs. To study the distributional patterns of butterfly species with environmental factors, five different types of regression models were fitted by considering the occurrences of each species. The results clearly indicated that the distribution of butterfly species varies from species to species according to the different environmental factors. Further, the occurrence of most of the butterfly species depends on temperature and total rain fall. Prediction of species occurrences with respect to the environmental factors can be done by using the best fitted model of each species. The methodology and results of the study can be adapted to monitor the biodiversity of a certain area.
Targeting of DDR1 with antibody‐drug conjugates has antitumor effects in a mouse model of colon carcinoma
Authors: Tao Yiran , Wang Ruixue , Lai Qinhuai , Wu Mengdan , Wang Yuxi , Jiang Xiaohua , Zeng Lishi , Zhou Shijie , Li Zhongping , Yang Tinghan , Yao Yuqin , Wu Yangping , Yu Lin , Fu Yuyin , Lai Weirong , Peng Yujia , Lu Ying , Zhang Zhixiong , Guo Cuiyu , Zhang Guangbing , Gou Lantu , Yang Jinliang 
Published: May 2019

DDR1 has been identified as a cancer‐associated receptor tyrosine kinase that is highly expressed in several malignancies relative to normal tissues. Clinically approved multi‐kinase inhibitors, such as nilotinib, inhibit DDR1‐mediated tumor growth in xenograft models, suggesting DDR1 might be a potential target for cancer treatments. Here, we employed an antibody‐based strategy with a novel anti‐DDR1 antibody‐drug conjugate (ADC) for colon carcinoma treatment. We developed T4H11‐DM4, an ADC targeting DDR1 which carries the tubulin inhibitor payload DM4. Immunohistochemical analysis of a tissue microarray containing 100 colon cancer specimens revealed that DDR1 was highly expressed in 81% of tumor tissues. Meanwhile, high expression of DDR1 was associated with poor survival in patients. In vitro, T4H11‐DM4 exhibited potent anti‐proliferative activity with half maximal inhibitory concentration (IC50) values in the nanomolar range in a panel of colon cancer cell lines. In vivo, the antitumor efficacy of T4H11‐DM4 was evaluated in three colon cancer cell lines expressing different levels of DDR1. T4H11‐DM4 achieved complete tumor regression at doses of 5 and 10 mg·kg−1 in HT‐29 and HCT116 tumor models. Moreover, a correlation between in vivo efficacy of T4H11‐DM4 and the levels of DDR1 expression on the cell surface was observed. Tumor cell proliferation was caused by the induction of mitotic arrest, indicating that the antitumor effect in vivo was mediated by DM4. In addition, T4H11‐DM4 was efficacious in oxaliplatin‐resistant colon cancer models. In exploratory safety studies, T4H11‐DM4 exhibited no overt toxicities when multi‐doses were administered at 10 mg·kg−1 into BALB/c nude mice or when a single dose up to 50 mg·kg−1 was administered into BALB/c mice. Overall, our findings highlight the potential of DDR1‐targeted ADC and may facilitate the development of a new effective therapeutic strategy for colon cancer.
Periodic Arrays of Diamond‐Shaped Silver Nanoparticles: From Scalable Fabrication by Template‐Assisted Solid‐State Dewetting to Tunable Optical Properties
Authors: Jacquet Paul , Bouteille Barbara , Dezert Romain , Lautru Joseph , Podor Renaud , Baron Alexandre , Teisseire Jéremie , Jupille Jacques , Lazzari Rémi , Gozhyk Iryna 
Published: May 2019

AbstractPeriodic arrays of anisotropic silver nanoparticles having peculiar optical properties are fabricated at a macroscopic scale. The proposed scalable method is based on temperature‐assisted solid‐state dewetting of a continuous thin layer deposited on a silica substrate patterned by the nanoimprint technique. The resulting nanoparticles are shaped like diamonds and are half‐embedded into the patterned silica. A period‐dependent optimum in film thickness for the quality of spatial organization is found and discussed in terms of thermodynamics and, for the first time, in terms of the role of grains in the dewetting process. The optical properties of the arrays are driven by not only simply the particle shape but also the lattice period and the degree of order. A surface lattice resonance that disperses with the underlying period is evidenced experimentally and confirmed by optical simulations. The opportunity to fabricate and tune such an assembly of plasmonic particles on transparent substrate opens interesting perspectives for not only fundamental photonics but also potential optical applications.
Plasmon‐Enhanced Blue Upconversion Luminescence by Indium Nanocrystals
Authors: Wang Lingxiao , Guo Shuangli , Liu Dongmei , He Jijun , Zhou Jie , Zhang Kun , Wei Yang , Pan Yue , Gao Chao , Yuan Ze , Lei Dangyuan , Xie Xiaoji , Huang Ling 
Published: May 2019

AbstractNumerous endeavors have been undertaken to gain enhanced upconversion luminescence via surface plasmon resonance (SPR) generated by specially designed nanostructures of noble metals (e.g., Au, Ag). However, the SPR response of these metals is usually weak in the ultraviolet (UV) region because of their intrinsic electronic configurations; thus, only green and red upconversion emissions can undergo significant plasmonic enhancement yet without selectivity, while an efficient approach to selectively enhancing the blue upconversion luminescence has been lacking. Herein, by integrating the pronounced UV SPR of silica‐coated indium nanocrystals (InNCs) with blue‐emission upconversion nanoparticles (UCNPs) of NaYbF4:Tm, an up to tenfold selective luminescence enhancement at 450 nm is obtained upon 980 nm laser excitation. Precise manipulation of the silica shell thickness suggests an optimal working distance of 3 nm between InNCs and UCNPs. This study has, for the first time, realized selective blue upconversion luminescence enhancement by using an inexpensive, non‐noble metal material, which will not only enrich the fundamental investigations of SPR‐enhanced upconversion emission, but also widen the applications of blue light‐emitting nanomaterials, for example, in therapeutics.
Atomic Insight into Thermolysis‐Driven Growth of 2D MoS2
Authors: Sang Xiahan , Li Xufan , Puretzky Alexander A. , Geohegan David B. , Xiao Kai , Unocic Raymond R. 
Published: May 2019

AbstractUnderstanding and controlling the transformations of transition metal dichalcogenides (TMDs) from amorphous precursors into two‐dimensional (2D) materials is important for guiding synthesis, directing fabrication, and tailoring functional properties. Here, the combined effects of thermal energy and electron beam irradiation are explored on the structural evolution of 2D MoS2 flakes through the thermal decomposition of a (NH4)2MoS4 precursor inside an ultrahigh vacuum (10−9 Torr) scanning transmission electron microscope (STEM). The influence of reaction temperature, growth substrate, and the initial precursor morphology on the resulting 2D MoS2 flake morphology, edge structures, and point defects are explored. Although thermal decomposition occurs extremely fast at elevated temperatures and is difficult to capture using current STEM techniques, electron beam irradiation can induce local transformations at lower temperatures, enabling direct observation and interpretation of critical growth steps including oriented attachment and transition from single‐ to multilayer structures at atomic resolution. An increase in the number of layers of the MoS2 flakes from island growth is investigated using electron beam irradiation. These findings provide insight into the growth mechanisms and factors that control the synthesis of few‐layer MoS2 flakes through thermolysis and toward the prospect of atomically precise control and growth of 2D TMDs.
Atom‐Thick Membranes for Water Purification and Blue Energy Harvesting
Authors: Pakulski Dawid , Czepa Włodzimierz , Buffa Stefano Del , Ciesielski Artur , Samorì Paolo 
Published: May 2019

AbstractMembrane‐based processes, namely, water purification and harvesting of osmotic power deriving from the difference in salinity between seawater and freshwater are two strategic research fields holding great promise for overcoming critical global issues such as the world growing energy demand, climate change, and access to clean water. Ultrathin membranes based on 2D materials (2DMs) are particularly suitable for highly selective separation of ions and effective generation of blue energy because of their unique physicochemical properties and novel transport mechanisms occurring at the nano‐ and sub‐nanometer length scale. However, due to the relatively high costs of fabrication compared to traditional porous membrane materials, their technological transfer toward large‐scale applications still remains a great challenge. Herein, the authors present an overview of the current state‐of‐the‐art in the development of ultrathin membranes based on 2DMs for osmotic power generation and water purification. The authors discuss several synthetic routes to produce atomically thin membranes with controlled porosity and describe in detail their performance, with a particular emphasis on pressure‐retarded osmosis and reversed electrodialysis methods. In the last section, an outlook and current limitations as well as viable future developments in the field of 2DM membranes are provided.
Microfluidic Synthesis of Liquid Crystalline Elastomer Particle Transport Systems which Can Be Remote‐Controlled Magnetically
Authors: Ditter David , Blümler Peter , Klöckner Benjamin , Hilgert Jan , Zentel Rudolf 
Published: May 2019

AbstractHere, the microfluidic synthesis of liquid crystalline elastomer (LCE) particles, which can be remote‐controlled magnetically and used as transport systems, is presented for the first time. Ferri‐magnetic, rod‐shaped Fe3O4nanoparticles are functionalized with poly(methyl methacrylate) to make them compatible with organic LCE precursor compounds. Their influence on the LCE precursor alignment is studied and thermoresponsive as well as photoresponsive LCE microparticles containing 0–6 wt% Fe3O4are synthesized with a microfluidic device. Thermal and photochemical actuations of these particles are investigated. Their magnetic addressability is studied with a recently developed magnetic setup, by which the particles can be guided on liquid surfaces in the centimeter range–but with a precision in the submillimeter range. This allows the performance of reversible light‐ or heat‐controlled actuations at desired positions. The potential of synthesized LCE particles as transport systems is demonstrated by the transport of plastic, textiles or copper, which can be pushed just due to magnetic forces or transported in general by taking advantage of the phase dependent “stickiness” of LCEs. These studies open doors to novel applications of LCEs as microrobots using magnetism as a control.
Effects of Metal Work Function and Contact Potential Difference on Electron Thermionic Emission in Contact Electrification
Authors: Xu Cheng , Zhang Binbin , Wang Aurelia Chi , Cai Wenzhe , Zi Yunlong , Feng Peizhong , Wang Zhong Lin 
Published: May 2019

AbstractTriboelectric nanogenerator (TENG) is a direct measure of the surface charge density, thus providing a novel and powerful tool to study the essential mechanism of contact electrification (CE). A variety of TENGs including a Pt‐Al2O3 TENG, Au‐Al2O3 TENG, Ti‐Al2O3 TENG, Al‐Al2O3 TENG, and SiO2‐Al2O3 TENG are prepared in this study. After introducing initial charges on the Al2O3 surface of the TENGs, the long‐term evolution of surface charge quantity is investigated at different temperatures. The results show that charge variation of all the TENGs is analogous to exponential decay and is in accord with the thermionic emission model, verifying the electron transfer dominated mechanism of CE. Additionally, it is explored for the first time that the potential barrier of materials can be regulated by changing the contacting metals or dielectrics. Regulation of the barrier at high temperatures fully excludes the influence of ions from moisture and functional groups, which further indicates the dominant role played by electron transfer in CE. Surface state models for explaining barrier regulation during CE for both metal–dielectric and dielectric–dielectric pairs are proposed. This study provides a new perspective of the exploration of CE, and a novel method for further increasing or rapidly eliminating electrification of charged materials.
Anthropometric and metabolic profile of a Brazilian Amerindian group: The Xikrin (Mebengôkre)
Authors: Barbosa Cláudia C. , Sacuena Eliene S. R. , Pinto André M. , Cardoso‐Costa Greice L. , Guerreiro João F. 
Published: May 2019

AbstractObjectivesThe purpose of this study was to describe the metabolic and anthropometric profile of the Xikrin (Mebengôkre), an indigenous group.MethodsA total of 363 subjects (55.1% women) aged 18 years or older were evaluated. The variables analyzed were age, body weight and height, waist circumference, blood pressure, fasting blood glucose, triglyceride level, and total cholesterol level.ResultsA high prevalence of obesity (36.5%) and central obesity (88.1%), mainly among women (46.9% and 96.2%, respectively), was found among the Xikrin (Mebengôkre). Impaired fasting glycemia and diabetes were found in 4.5% and 3.8% of adults, respectively. Twenty‐one percent of adults had dyslipidemia and 9.3% had hypertension.ConclusionsThe high prevalence of excess weight (overweight and obesity) and central obesity, especially in women, was the most significant finding of this study among the Xikrin (Mebengôkre).
Chiral Resolution using Supramolecular‐Templated Mesostructured Materials
Authors: Huang Yanan , Vidal Xavier , Garcia‐Bennett Alfonso E. 
Published: May 2019

AbstractChiral resolution using non‐functionalized mesoporous particles is demonstrated for a variety of enantiomeric pairs. This is achieved through the use of supramolecular templated silica materials prepared with guanosine monophosphate (NGM‐1) and folic acid (NFM‐1) which enable direct chiral transcription onto the surface of the mesopores after solvent extraction and post calcination of the template. The chiral selectivity and kinetics of the mesoporous materials are measured by circular dichroism (CD) spectroscopy on adsorbed molecules with different affinities for the pore surface. NGM‐1 and NFM‐1 have opposite enantiomeric selectivity for enantiomeric pairs. These results significantly increase the potential of mesoporous materials for chiral separation and enantiomeric catalysis.
Total Syntheses of (+)‐Aquatolide and Related Humulanolides
Authors: Takao Ken‐ichi , Kai Hirotaka , Yamada Ai , Fukushima Yuuki , Komatsu Daisuke , Ogura Akihiro , Yoshida Keisuke 
Published: May 2019

AbstractThe short, efficient total synthesis of (+)‐aquatolide was achieved by a biomimetic transannular [2+2] photocycloaddition, and provides the first example of constructing a 5/5/4/8‐ring system from asteriscunolides. Furthermore, the reaction leading to a 5/4/4/7‐ring system, the originally proposed structure of aquatolide, was also developed. This strategy achieved syntheses of five more humulanolides, (−)‐asteriscunolides A, C, D, and I, and (+)‐tetradehydroasteriscanolide.
A Metal–Organic Framework Based Methane Nano‐trap for the Capture of Coal‐Mine Methane
Authors: Niu Zheng , Cui Xili , Pham Tony , Lan Pui Ching , Xing Huabin , Forrest Katherine A. , Wojtas Lukasz , Space Brian , Ma Shengqian 
Published: May 2019

AbstractAs a major greenhouse gas, methane, which is directly vented from the coal‐mine to the atmosphere, has not yet drawn sufficient attention. To address this problem, we report a methane nano‐trap that features oppositely adjacent open metal sites and dense alkyl groups in a metal–organic framework (MOF). The alkyl MOF‐based methane nano‐trap exhibits a record‐high methane uptake and CH4/N2 selectivity at 298 K and 1 bar. The methane molecules trapped within the alkyl MOF were crystalographically identified by single‐crystal X‐ray diffraction experiments, which in combination with molecular simulation studies unveiled the methane adsorption mechanism within the MOF‐based nano‐trap. The IAST calculations and the breakthrough experiments revealed that the alkyl MOF‐based methane nano‐trap is a new benchmark for CH4/N2 separation, thereby providing a new perspective for capturing methane from coal‐mine methane to recover fuel and reduce greenhouse gas emissions.
The Chemistry, Biology, and Modulation of Ammonium Nitrification in Soil
Authors: Wendeborn Sebastian 
Published: May 2019

AbstractApproximately two percent of the world's energy is consumed in the production of ammonia from hydrogen and nitrogen gas. Ammonia is used as a fertilizer ingredient for agriculture and distributed in the environment on an enormous scale to promote crop growth in intensive farming. Only 30–50 % of the nitrogen applied is assimilated by crop plants; the remaining 50–70 % goes into biological processes such as nitrification by microbial metabolism in the soil. This leads to an imbalance in the global nitrogen cycle and higher nitrous oxide emissions (a potent and significant greenhouse gas) as well as contamination of ground and surface waters by nitrate from the nitrogen‐fertilized farmland. This Review gives a critical overview of the current knowledge of soil microbes involved in the chemistry of ammonia nitrification, the structures and mechanisms of the enzymes involved, and phytochemicals capable of inhibiting ammonia nitrification.
Catalysis Based on C−I⋅⋅⋅π Halogen Bonds: Electrophilic Activation of 2‐Alkenylindoles by Cationic Halogen‐Bond Donors for [4+2] Cycloadditions
Authors: Kuwano Satoru , Suzuki Takumi , Yamanaka Masahiro , Tsutsumi Ryosuke , Arai Takayoshi 
Published: May 2019

AbstractHomo‐ and cross‐[4+2] cycloadditions of 2‐alkenylindoles, catalyzed by cationic halogen‐bond donors, were developed. Under mild reaction conditions, 3‐indolyl‐substituted tetrahydrocarbazole derivatives were obtained in good to excellent yields. Experimental and quantum calculation studies revealed that the electrophilic activation of 2‐alkenylindoles was achieved by C−I⋅⋅⋅π halogen bonds.
The effects of surface‐modified graphene nanoplatelets on the sliding wear properties of basalt fibers‐reinforced epoxy composites
Authors: Kazemi‐Khasragh Elaheh , Bahari‐Sambran Farid , Siadati Seyed Mohammad Hossein , Eslami‐Farsani Reza , Arbab Chirani Shabnam 
Published: May 2019

ABSTRACTPossessing unique designs and properties absent in conventional materials, nanocomposites have made a remarkable imprint in science and technology. This is particularly true regarding the polymer matrix composites when they are further reinforced with nanoparticles. In this study, the effects of different weight percentages (0, 0.1, 0.2, 0.3, 0.4, and 0.5) of surface‐modified graphene nanoplatelets (GNPs) on the microhardness and wear properties of basalt fibers/epoxy composites were investigated. The GNPs were surface modified by silane, and the composites were made by the hand lay‐up method. The wear tests were conducted under two different loads of 20 and 40 N. The best wear properties were achieved at 0.3 wt % GNPs as a result of the GNPs' self‐lubrication property and the formation of a stable transfer/lubricating film at the pin and disk interface. Moreover, the friction coefficient was lower at the higher normal load of 40 N. The microscopic studies by FESEM and SEM showed that the presence of GNPs up to 0.3 wt % led to the stability of the transfer/lubricating film by enhancing the adhesion of the basalt fibers to the epoxy resin. © 2019 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Appl. Polym. Sci. 2019, 136, 47986.