bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A portrait of workplace discrimination in Italy: empirical evidence from a nationwide survey
Authors: Palumbo Rocco , Manna Rosalba 
Published: September 2019

PurposeWorkplace discrimination negatively affects the functioning of organizations. Scholars have generally focused their attention on specific forms of prejudiced treatment at work as well as on particular groups of discriminated employees. Conversely, studies investigating the multifacetedness of this phenomenon are sporadic. The purpose of this article is to contribute to the advancement of the scientific knowledge about workplace discrimination showing a full-fledged portrait of this phenomenon in Italy.Design/methodology/approachSecondary data about self-reported experiences of workplace discrimination of a large sample of Italian people were collected and run in a logistic regression model. Five forms of discrimination at work were taken into account: prejudiced job design and work allocation; discriminatory use of promotion and awards; wage differentials; unjustified increased workload; and mismanagement of HRM instruments.FindingsMore than a fifth of respondents perceived at least one form of workplace discrimination. Different types of prejudiced treatment were triggered by distinctive socio-demographic and work-related factors. People who were unemployed at the moment of the interview were consistent in claiming that they suffered from all the forms of workplace discrimination. Former employees who underwent a work-family conflict were more likely to suffer from iniquitous treatment at work.Research limitations/implicationsThe occurrence of workplace discrimination was not objectively assessed. Besides, since only Italian people were included in this study, the findings are not generalizable at the international level.Originality/valueThis article provides some insights to inspire policy and management interventions intended to prevent and/or curb the occurrence workplace discrimination.
Do new ventures explore, exploit or both? A case-based analysis of six innovative Italian start-ups
Authors: Rippa Pierluigi , Ponsiglione Cristina , Bocanet Anca , Capaldo Guido , Zollo Giuseppe 
Published: September 2019

PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to contribute to the debate on exploration–exploitation trade-off in the context of new ventures creation, where, particularly at the empirical level, there is a limited understanding of whether and how this trade-off is achieved and how start-ups performances are affected by the way in which they face the exploration–exploitation dilemma.Design/methodology/approachA qualitative case study approach has been adopted as a methodology to conduct the research. Six Italian innovative start-ups were selected and analyzed through in-depth interviews with founders and data collection to understand whether and how start-ups adopt exploration and exploitation solutions to face critical events in their business lives.FindingsThe most evident result of this study is that start-ups adopt more frequently a temporal separation of exploration and exploitation activities as the preferred mode for balancing learning and innovation tension. They do not seem to exhibit a defined or a common path in the way they realize the temporal separation between exploration and exploitation. Instead, they mostly oscillate. The ambidextrous solution is selected in only a few cases and not consecutively. The pre-entry knowledge profile seems to influence the choice of start-ups at the beginning of their lives.Practical implicationsThis research has implications for the whole start-up’s ecosystem, comprising incubators/accelerators, advisors, intermediaries, venture capitalists, new venture founders and policymakers. For example, by knowing the typology of knowledge and competence gaps start-ups usually aim to fill when they face particular events, intermediaries (such as incubators) could better plan initiatives and strategies supporting new ventures in the process of growth and stabilization. Furthermore, the venture capitalists can benefit from this research, by planning specific interventions for each critical event based on specific resources and competencies gaps and guiding for more promising start-ups.Originality/valueThis paper presents a novel application of entrepreneurial learning approach in the context of new venture creation. To reach this aim, a classification of exploration/exploitation solutions has been developed.
Social isolation and loneliness among immigrant and refugee seniors in Canada: a scoping review
Authors: Johnson Shanthi , Bacsu Juanita , McIntosh Tom , Jeffery Bonnie , Novik Nuelle 
Published: September 2019

Purpose
Social isolation and loneliness are global issues experienced by many seniors, especially immigrant and refugee seniors. Guided by the five-stage methodological framework proposed by Arksey and O’Malley and more recently Levac, Colquhoun and O’Brien, the purpose of this paper is to explore the existing literature on social isolation and loneliness among immigrant and refugee seniors in Canada.

Design/methodology/approach
The authors conducted a literature search of several databases including: PubMed; MEDLINE; CINAHL; Web of Science; HealthStar Ovid; PschyInfo Ovid; Social Services Abstracts; AgeLine; Public Health Database, Google Scholar and Cochrane Library. In total, 17 articles met the inclusion criteria.

Findings
Based on the current literature five themes related to social isolation and loneliness emerged: loss; living arrangements; dependency; barriers and challenges; and family conflict.

Research limitations/implications
Given the increasing demographic of aging immigrants in Canada, it is useful to highlight existing knowledge on social isolation and loneliness to facilitate research, policy and programs to support this growing population.

Practical implications
The population is aging around the world and it is also becoming increasingly diverse particularly in the high-income country context. Understanding and addressing social isolation is important for immigrant and refugee seniors, given the sociocultural and other differences.

Social implications
Social isolation is a waste of human resource and value created by seniors in the communities.

Originality/value
The paper makes a unique contribution by focusing on immigrant and refugee seniors.
Platforms in the peer-to-peer sharing economy
Authors: Wirtz Jochen , So Kevin Kam Fung , Mody Makarand Amrish , Liu Stephanie Q. , Chun HaeEun Helen 
Published: September 2019

PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to examine peer-to-peer sharing platform business models, their sources of competitive advantage, and the roles, motivations and behaviors of key actors in their ecosystems.Design/methodology/approachThis paper uses a conceptual approach that is rooted in the service, tourism and hospitality, and strategy literature.FindingsFirst, this paper defines key types of platform business models in the sharing economy anddescribes their characteristics. In particular, the authors propose the differentiation between sharing platforms of capacity-constrained vs capacity-unconstrained assets and advance five core properties of the former. Second, the authors contrast platform business models with their pipeline business model counterparts to understand the fundamental differences between them. One important conclusion is that platforms cater to vastly more heterogeneous assets and consumer needs and, therefore, require liquidity and analytics for high-quality matching. Third, the authors examine the competitive position of platforms and conclude that their widely taken “winner takes it all” assumption is not valid. Primary network effects are less important once a critical level of liquidity has been reached and may even turn negative if increased listings raise friction in the form of search costs. Once a critical level of liquidity has been reached, a platform’s competitive position depends on stakeholder trust and service provider and user loyalty. Fourth, the authors integrate and synthesize the literature on key platform stakeholders of platform businesses (i.e. users, service providers, and regulators) and their roles and motivations. Finally, directions for further research are advanced.Practical implicationsThis paper helps platform owners, service providers and users understand better the implications of sharing platform business models and how to position themselves in such ecosystems.Originality/valueThis paper integrates the extant literature on sharing platforms, takes a novel approach in delineating their key properties and dimensions, and provides insights into the evolving and dynamic forms of sharing platforms including converging business models.
Team formulation in practice: forms, functions, and facilitators
Authors: Geach Nicole , De Boos Danielle , Moghaddam Nima 
Published: September 2019

Purpose
Despite the popularity of team formulation, there is a lack of knowledge about workable implementation in practice. The purpose of this paper is twofold: first, to characterise team formulation, based upon examples from practice; and second, to identify factors perceived to support or obstruct workable implementation in practice.

Design/methodology/approach
An online survey recruited UK Clinical Psychologists (n=49) with experience in team formulation from a range of work contexts. Examples of team formulation in practice were analysed using both deductive and inductive framework analysis.

Findings
Four novel types of team formulation with different functions and forms are described: case review, formulating behaviour experienced as challenging, formulating the staff-service user relationship and formulating with the service-user perspective. A number of factors perceived to support and obstruct team formulation were identified including team distress, facilitating change, managing difference and informing practice. These were common across team formulation types.

Practical implications
The team formulation types identified could be used to standardise team formulation practice. Several common factors, including managing team distress, were identified as aiding workable implementation across team formulation types. Future research should investigate the key processes and links to outcomes of team formulation in practice.

Originality/value
This paper presents two original, practice-based and practice-informing frameworks: describing, first, novel forms and functions of team formulation and, second, the factors supporting and obstructing facilitation in practice. This paper is the first to highlight the common factors that seem to facilitate workable implementation of team formulation in practice.
Reception characteristics investigation and measurement of capacitive micromachined ultrasonic transducer
Authors: Wang Hongliang , Wang Xiangjun , He Changde , Xue Chenyang 
Published: September 2019

Purpose
As a new type of ultrasonic transducer with significant advantages, capacitive micromachined ultrasonic transducer (CMUT) has good application prospect. The reception characteristic of the CMUT is one of the important factors determining the application effect. This paper aims to study the reception characteristics of CMUT.

Design/methodology/approach
In this paper, the state equation is deduced and the analysis model is established in SIMULINK environment based on the lumped parameter system model of the CMUT cell. Based on this analysis model, the influencing factors of CMUT reception characteristics are studied and investigated, and the time-domain and frequency-domain characteristics are investigated in detail.

Findings
The analysis results show that parameters directly affect the reception characteristics of the CMUT, such as direct current (DC) bias voltage, input sound pressure amplitude and frequency. At the same time, the measurement system is built and the reception characteristics are verified.

Originality/value
This paper provides an effective method for rapid analyzing the reception characteristics of CMUT. These results provide an important theoretical basis and reference for further optimization of CMUT structure design, and lay a good foundation for the practical application measurement.
Valuation of hotel property: issues and challenges
Authors: Majumdar Raju 
Published: September 2019

Purpose
The purpose of this paper is to provide a practitioners’ perspective on the valuation models used for valuing hotel property and the challenges posed by traditional valuation models in their application and use. Set in the context of the Indian hospitality industry, the paper brings out the paradigm shifts that have taken place in recent years in the context of valuations. The paper also attempts to provide resolution to the issues and challenges raised.

Design/methodology/approach
This study assimilates data from senior finance professionals and by using semi-structured interviews, draws on a wide spectrum of hotels in India.

Findings
The findings suggest that the earnings-based models are largely followed in valuing hotel property in India. The major challenges encountered in the valuation process as highlighted by the respondents are related to (a) the growing uncertainty associated with projections of future earnings given the plethora of assumptions made at a micro and macro level, and (b) determination of an appropriate discounting factor for computing the present value of future cash flows.

Research limitations/implications
This paper generates useful qualitative information on existing practices in valuation in the Indian hospitality sector. The findings will be useful for hoteliers, policymakers and researchers in bringing forth the valuation challenges faced in the context of a developing economy and its characteristic institutional weaknesses. The findings of this paper may be furthered through appropriate and detailed quantitative analysis of primary and secondary data on the issues and challenges raised here.

Originality/value
This paper makes a sincere attempt to highlight the real challenges faced in valuing hotel properties and as such adds value to the existing literature.
The influencing role of social media in the consumer’s hotel decision-making process
Authors: Gupta Vikas 
Published: September 2019

Purpose
This study aims to evaluate the role of social media on the hotel decision-making process of consumers during the evaluation stage of searching, identifying the alternatives and selecting a hotel in India. It will help the stakeholders in the hotel industry of India to make the social media platform more efficient for consumers by providing inputs on the factors consumers consider while making online hotel purchase.

Design/methodology/approach
This study involves an exploratory qualitative approach which includes 32 face-to-face, semi-structured, in-depth individual interviews with the social media platform users. The selection of interviewees for this study has been done on the basis of a non-random purposive sampling approach.

Findings
The findings reveal that social media plays an important role in affecting the way consumers search, decide and book hotels. It also suggests that social media helps consumers in collecting information about products and services, assessing alternatives and making their choices. It confirms that while negative facets exist, the positive benefits outweigh the negative aspects of using social media when selecting a hotel. The results also reveal the impact of circumstantial influence related to social media on hotel selection, on the basis of content source and the level of trust and accuracy in the content.

Practical implications
This study has some strategic implications for hospitality marketing and management related to a better understanding of the influence of social media on the hotel customer decision-making process. The study shows that a variety of social media with associated content sources and levels add to the complexity of hotel-related information search and decision behaviour.

Originality/value
The study makes a contribution by addressing the existing gaps and bridging the arena of consumer behaviour and social media literature in a hotel context and sheds light on how consumer decisions while selecting a hotel are influenced through social media. The core contribution is the generation of factors through in-depth interviews which are based on real-life scenarios relating to the influence of social media on hotel decision-making.
Attracting and managing talent, how are the top three hotel companies in India doing it?
Authors: Sen Kakoli , Bhattacharya Arunangshu 
Published: September 2019

Purpose
Global business travel spending reached a record breaking $1.2tn in 2015 (Bureau of Labor Statistics, 2016) and the average Indian traveling is now at a phenomenal high for both business and leisure travel. In this context, the paper aims to investigate how the top hotels in India are addressing the issue of human resource shortages and training and how they are preparing for the future when the market, the customer profile and employee expectations are undergoing a major change. In essence, brand loyalty could be minimal and competition intense.

Design/methodology/approach
This paper adopts a case study approach and reviews how participating hotels are addressing their talent attraction and retention issues and differentiating their people management processes.

Findings
The processes used by top hotel companies provide an overview as to how they manage people and how they will need to innovate to assess progress of the measures and initiatives they are taking. They will also have to be more global in their approach.

Originality/value
The findings will be of interest to managers who are responsible for hiring and managing employees. The study also has implications for policymakers and higher education institutions in relation to managing skill shortages that exist in the hotel industry.
The tourism and hospitality industry in India: emerging issues for the next decade
Authors: Sanjeev Gunjan M. , Birdie Arvind K. 
Published: September 2019

PurposeThis paper aims to introduce the theme issue and strategic question: What should Indian tourism and hospitality managers focus on to stay competitive in the coming decade? It also presents an overview of recent developments in the tourism and hospitality industry and presents some statistics and trends relating to prospects for the tourism and hospitality industry in India.Design/methodology/approachEmerging trends emanate from various official reports and expert views. The paper also highlights key issues and areas for investigation by the theme issue contributors.FindingsStrong growth is predicted for the tourism and hospitality industry and some of the underpinning issues that will influence competitiveness are the role of social media, business model innovations, risk management, talent management, valuation models, the influence of information technology, employee loyalty and design thinking in hospitality higher education.Practical implicationsGiven the expansion occurring in the domestic market in India and the involvement of international operators in the Indian environment, this paper will be of interest to practitioners with an interest in the emerging opportunities and challenging issues related in this dynamic marketplace.Originality/valueThis introductory paper captures the essence of the prevailing trends in the tourism and hospitality industry as a starting point for this theme issue.
Resilience and regime shifts: Do novel communities impede ecological recovery in a historically metal‐contaminated stream?
Authors: Wolff Brian A. , Duggan Sam B. , Clements William H. 
Published: September 2019

Abstract

Novel communities that result from exposure to contaminants and other anthropogenic stressors often persist in ecosystems that have experienced regime shifts. Because these systems may not return to pre‐disturbance conditions after removal of a stressor, understanding the ecological consequences of regime shifts has important implications for how restoration success is defined. Long‐term observational studies can potentially identify regime shifts in disturbed ecosystems; however, experimental approaches may be necessary to demonstrate their ecological consequences.

We report results of a long‐term (28 years) observational study and a series of stream mesocosm experiments that investigated a regime shift in a mining‐contaminated watershed. We tested the hypothesis that establishment of a novel, metal‐tolerant macroinvertebrate community in a previously contaminated stream impeded recovery of sensitive species, despite significant improvements in water quality over the past two decades.

We observed significant improvements in abundance and species richness, but differences in community composition and trophic structure persisted downstream from a former source of metal contamination. These downstream communities were dominated by large, metal‐tolerant caddisflies that likely impeded colonization by metal‐sensitive groups (e.g. grazing mayflies). Mesocosm experiments conducted with reference and downstream communities demonstrated that novel communities retained their tolerance to metals, but were significantly more sensitive to other stressors. We suggest that the failure of downstream communities to recover represented a contaminant‐induced regime shift that resulted from the sustained dominance of metal‐tolerant species.

Synthesis and applications. Restoration ecologists generally consider increased species diversity or abundance of recreationally important species as indicators of restoration success. However, few stream restoration projects have quantified ecological resilience, and none have included a significant experimental component. Our research is the first to experimentally demonstrate that novel communities in a stream recovering from historical metal pollution have lower resilience to other (e.g. non‐metal) stressors. These results have important implications for how restoration success is defined. In systems where the return to pre‐disturbance conditions is unlikely, a better understanding of the ecological resilience of novel communities may be critical for assessing restoration success. We suggest that resilience to novel stressors is an important indicator of restoration effectiveness that may be applicable in other aquatic ecosystems.