bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Augmented blood pressure variability following continuous infusion of noradrenaline in rats
Authors: Jiang Danfeng , Kawagoe Yukiko , Asada Yujiro , Kitamura Kazuo , Kato Johji 
Published: September 2019

Objective:
Augmented blood pressure (BP) variability has been shown to be associated with cardiovascular diseases. Activity of the sympathetic nervous system is an important determinant factor of the 24-h profile of BP variability, although it is unknown whether persistent adrenergic activation causes augmented BP variability or not. Here we report that continuous infusion of noradrenalin augments 24-h BP variability in rats.

Methods:
Nine-week-old male Wistar rats were continuously infused with subcutaneous 30 μg/h noradrenalin, 150 μg/h of the α1-adrenergic agonist phenylephrine, or 30 μg/h of the β-agonist isoproterenol, for 14 days. Noradrenalin-infused rats were also administered either oral 5 mg/day prazosin or 50 mg/day atenolol during the infusion period. BP variability was evaluated before and after 7 and 14 days of the infusion, using a coefficient of variation of BP recorded every 15 min under an unrestrained condition via an abdominal aortic catheter by a radiotelemetry system.

Results:
Continuous infusion of noradrenalin significantly increased 24-h BP variability at 7 and 14 days, slightly elevating BP levels, while this increase in BP variability was partially attenuated by prazosin, but not by atenolol. Continuous infusion of phenylephrine augmented BP variability, but isoproterenol had no effect on the variability.

Conclusion:
Continuous infusion of noradrenalin augmented 24-h BP variability partly through an α1-adrenergic receptor-mediated mechanism in rats, suggesting that the noradrenalin-infused rat is an animal model of augmented BP variability induced by persistent adrenergic activation.
Husbands’ and wives’ discordant self-reports on couple-level variables: implications for data analysis
Authors: Amorim Mariana , Silva Susana , Severo Milton , Kelly-Irving Michelle , Samorinha Catarina , Alves Elisabete 
Published: September 2019

Abstract

Background:
Using the couple as unit of analysis raises methodological challenges. This study aims to discuss the appropriate proxy to use in statistical analyses when couples provide discordant answers on the following couple-level variables: household monthly income and length of marital relationship.

Methods:
During 12 months (July 2013–June 2014), parents of very preterm infants admitted at all level III Neonatal Intensive Care Units of the North of Portugal were consecutively and systematically invited to participate in this study. Mothers and fathers were surveyed separately, 15 to 22 days after birth. In the current analysis, 82 couples living in the same household were included. A socioeconomic position factor score was computed through a principal component analysis. To seek the most appropriate proxy of the couple's value, the association between the individual answers and the summary measures of couple-level variables, and the factor's score was estimated using generalized linear models.

Results:
Almost 40% of couples gave discordant answers about household monthly income [weighted kappa = 0.68 (95% confidence interval: 0.58–0.79)], with no association with sex. Approximately 19% of couples disagreed regarding the length of marital relationship [weighted kappa = 0.95 (95% confidence interval: 0.92–0.98)], with men declaring longer relationships. No associations were observed between women's and men's answers or the summary measures with the socioeconomic position score.

Conclusions:
Suggestions regarding how to handle the methodological problems related with spousal discrepancies include the collection of individual variables through separate interviews alongside couple-level variables using joint interviews.
Stressful Life Events Moderate the Relationship Between Changes in Symptom Severity and Health-related Quality of Life in Patients With Irritable Bowel Syndrome
Authors: Dong Yuanjun , Baumeister David , Berens Sabrina , Eich Wolfgang , Tesarz Jonas 
Published: September 2019

Objectives:
The relationship between changes in symptom severity and health-related quality of life (HRQOL), which may be impacted by stressful life events, in irritable bowel syndrome (IBS), is unclear. Therefore, we investigated the relationship between changes in symptom severity and HRQOL and examined the moderating role of stressful life events in patients with IBS.

Methods:
This study is part of a cohort follow-up study on psychological factors in patients with IBS in tertiary care, and it included 158 patients. In addition to symptom severity and HRQOL, stressful life events were assessed by the Social Readjustment Rating Scale (SRRS). The relationship between symptom severity and HRQOL and the moderating role of stressful life events (in the 12 mo before the follow-up assessment) were analyzed.

Results:
The majority of participants had moderate levels of stressful life events (41.8%), followed by those who had mild levels (39.2%) and severe levels (19.0%) of stressful life events. Symptom severity could predict HRQOL, and the relationship between symptom severity and HRQOL was affected by the level of stressful life events. Compared with mild levels of stressful life events, a severe level of stressful life events significantly affected the relationship between changes in symptom severity and HRQOL (Z=−3.048, P<0.01). A similar result was found when comparing moderate and severe levels of stressful life events (Z=−1.810, P<0.10).

Conclusions:
The study demonstrated that symptom severity predicted HRQOL during the progression of IBS and that stressful life events moderated the impact of symptom severity on HRQOL. The more stressful life events an IBS patient experiences, the less predictable the relationship is between changes in symptom severity and HRQOL.
Comparison of Short-Term Efficacy Between Endoscopic Submucosal Tunnel Dissection and Endoscopic Submucosal Dissection in Treatment of Wide Esophageal Squamous Cell Carcinoma of Early Stage
Authors: Li Yuan , Wang Keyi , Shi Yanyan , Zhu Jin , Cui Rongli , Zhang Hejun , Ding Shigang 
Published: September 2019

Goal:
The goal of this study was to compare the efficacy and safety of endoscopic submucosal tunnel dissection (ESTD) with endoscopic submucosal dissection (ESD) for the removal of early-stage esophageal squamous cancer wider than or equal to one half the circumference of the esophagus.

Background:
Although ESD has been successfully applied for resection of early-stage esophageal cancer, there are still technical challenges and postoperative stenosis when it is applied to treat large lesions.

Patients and Methods:
A total of 40 patients with early-stage esophageal cancer wider than or equal to one half its circumference were enrolled in this study and randomly assigned to an ESTD or ESD group for treatment of esophageal superficial squamous cell carcinoma. All of the patients received oral steroids after endoscopic dissection. We then compared the 2 groups in terms of average operating time, dissection speed, en bloc resection rate, R0 resection rate, and complications during a 1-year follow-up period.

Results:
The dissection speed in the ESTD group was significantly faster than that in the ESD group (P=0.047). There were no significant differences in operating time, en bloc resection rates, or R0 resection rates between the ESTD and ESD group (P=0.319, 1.000, 1.000, respectively). There were also no significant differences in perforation, bleeding, or stenosis rates between the ESTD and ESD group (P=1.000, 0.748, 1.000, respectively).

Conclusion:
Both ESTD and ESD are safe and effective therapies for early-stage esophageal cancer wider than or equal to one half the esophageal circumference. The dissection speed of ESTD is faster than that of ESD.
Tracing Metacognition in Psychotherapy
Authors: Arnon-Ribenfeld Nitzan , Atzil-Slonim Dana , Bar-Kalifa Eran , Silber Yosef , Fisher Hadar , Peri Tuvia , Lysaker Paul H. , Hasson-Ohayon Ilanit 
Published: September 2019

Abstract
Deficits in metacognition have often been identified as a central feature in various forms of psychopathology. The current study explores changes in metacognition and symptoms during the process of psychodynamic-oriented psychotherapy conducted in a community setting among people with diverse psychological challenges. We examined the associations between metacognition and symptoms at both the within-client and the between-clients level. Nine good-outcome and nine poor-outcome cases of psychodynamic treatment were analyzed. In terms of metacognitive abilities, results showed that clients who were part of the good-outcome group had higher levels of decentration than did clients who were part of the poor-outcome group. In addition, clients' ability to understand the other's mind improved significantly only for clients in the good-outcome group. Furthermore, sessions in which clients' self-reflectivity was higher were followed by increased symptom levels (in the next session) beyond group (poor or good outcome group). Clinical implications regarding the improvement of metacognitive abilities and their associations with outcome measures are discussed.
Patterns, Predictors, and Prognostic Validity of Persistent Complex Bereavement Disorder Symptoms in Recently Bereaved Adults
Authors: Boelen Paul A. , Smid Geert E. , Mitima-Verloop Huibertha B. , de Keijser Jos , Lenferink Lonneke I.M. 
Published: September 2019

Abstract
Persistent complex bereavement (PCBD) was entered to DSM-5. No studies have yet examined the nature, prevalence, prognostic validity, and underlying mechanisms of PCBD symptom patterns in recently bereaved people. Knowledge on these issues could improve the early identification and treatment of disturbed grief. Latent class analysis was used to identify subgroups characterized by different PCBD symptom patterns among recently (≤6 months) bereaved adults (n = 476). In a subgroup (n = 251), we assessed associations of class membership with PCBD severity and functional impairment assessed 3 years later. Associations between class membership and sociodemographic and cognitive-behavioral variables were also examined. We identified a resilient (50.0%), separation distress (36.1%), and high PCBD symptoms (13.9%) class. Class membership had prognostic value as evidenced by associations with PCBD severity and functional impairment assessed 3 years later. Deaths of partners/children, unexpectedness of the loss, and maladaptive cognitions and avoidance behaviors were also associated with membership of the pervasive symptom classes.
Facilitating the Delivery of Cognitive Remediation in First-Episode Psychosis
Authors: Moura Bernardo Melo , Avila Alessia , Chendo Inês , Frade Patrícia , Barandas Rita , Vian João , Croca Marta , Roberto Alice , Almeida Carolina , Antunes Filipa , Linhares Ludgero , Crawford Joana , Ferreira Carla , Santos Jennifer , Abreu Manuela , Levy Pedro , Figueira Maria Luísa , Mendes Tiago 
Published: September 2019

Abstract
We explored the adherence to a home-delivered, computer-based, cognitive remediation protocol in a first-episode psychosis outpatient cohort. Seventeen patients underwent a cognitive training protocol for 6 months using an online platform accessible from their home under the supervision of a qualified neuropsychologist. Neuropsychological, psychopathological, and functional data were collected at baseline and postintervention, whereas qualitative appraisal of the intervention was assessed monthly. Overall, participants' evaluation of the program was positive. This was reflected in a good adherence rate with 12 (70%) of 17 patients completing 80% of the prescribed sessions. Exploratory analysis revealed significant improvements in sustained attention (p = 0.020) and verbal memory (p = 0.018). A decrease in negative symptoms and an improvement on the Clinical Global Impression were also found (p = 0.009). We believe these are encouraging results to further explore the adopted delivery approach, which could facilitate access to cognitive training earlier and to a larger group of patients.
The Effect of Stabilization Exercises Along With Self-care Training on Transverse Abdominal Activity, Pain, and Disability in Mothers With Low Back Pain Having Children With Cerebral Palsy
Authors: Ahmadizadeh Zahra , Ehsani Fatemeh , Samaei Syed Afshin , Mirmohammadkhani Majid 
Published: September 2019

Objective
Many mothers of children with cerebral palsy experience low back pain, so the purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of stabilization exercises along with self-care training on transverse abdominal muscle activity, pain, disability, and depression in them.

Design
In this single-blinded randomized clinical trial, 32 mothers with cerebral palsy children were selected were randomly divided into two groups. Both groups received self-care training individually. For the experimental group, in addition to the self-care training, 24 sessions of stabilization exercises were held. Outcome measures included visual analog scale, Roland-Morris Disability Questionnaire, Persian version of Beck Depression Inventory-II, and ultrasonography.

Results
In the experimental group, the transverse abdominal muscle activity during abdominal hollowing exercises was significantly increased (P < 0.05). There was no significant difference between the two groups in pain, disability, and depression (P > 0.05).

Conclusions
Stabilization exercises could improve the voluntary activity of transverse abdominal muscle of mothers of children with cerebral palsy.
Logistic Regression Analysis of Risk Factors for Intracranial Infection After Multiple Traumatic Craniotomy and Preventive Measures
Authors: Yao Jing , Liu Dong 
Published: September 2019

Background and Objective:
The aim of this study was to study the risk factors of intracranial infection after traumatic craniotomy in multiple trauma to provide references for clinical prevention and control of intracranial infection.

Methods:
A total of 34 multiple trauma patients treated with craniotomy and complicated with intracranial infection from February 2012 to December 2016 in the department of neurosurgery of our hospital were selected as infection group, and 60 multiple trauma patients who had not been infected after craniotomy during the same period were selected as control group. Related risk factors were screened by univariate analysis at first and analyzed by Logistic regression.

Results:
Of the 34 patients in the infection group, 13 cases were cured, 21 cases improved, whereas in the control group, 15 cases were cured and 45 cases improved. There was no significant difference in prognosis between the 2 groups (P > 0.05). Univariate analysis showed that surgical approach, surgical duration, postoperative cerebrospinal fluid leakage, and external drainage were important factors for intracranial infection after craniotomy (P < 0.05). Further Logistic regression analysis showed that postoperative external drainage, cerebrospinal fluid leakage, surgical time, and posterior fossa approaches were independent risk factors for intracranial infection after craniotomy.

Conclusion:
High attention should be paid to the risk factors of intracranial infection after craniotomy such as postoperative cerebrospinal fluid leakage, external drainage, surgical duration and approach, and taking effective preventive measures to reduce the incidence of intracranial infection after craniotomy in patients with multiple traumatic injuries.
The Development of a New Medical Instrument: Modified Tongue Depressor
Authors: Sahin Caner , Doğan Bora 
Published: September 2019

Abstract
In the oropharyngeal region examinations, the abeslang (tongue depressor) used to create a wider field of vision and press down the tongue to make the pharynx easier. In order to look under the tongue, the depressor is redesigned so that it can be examined under the tongue and transformed into a retractor by creating an angle in the body of the present invention. This technique is intended to be used in conjunction with new technology surgical procedures. Our invention consists of the stem (1), the body (2), the end (3) and the notch (4), and the angle (5) in the angled model. This model, which is more effective than the routine tongue depressors at the same time it will not make any difference regarding cost. It will also allow the use of new surgical techniques while at the same time ensuring the exclusion of language in operations.
Surgical Treatment for Facial Port Wine Stain by Prefabricated Expanded Cervical Flap Carried by Superficial Temporal Artery
Authors: Chen Sen , Li Yangqun , Yang Zhe , Ma Ning , Wang Weixin , Xu Lisi , Liu Qiyu 
Published: September 2019

Background:
Port wine stain (PWS) is a congenital benign vascular malformation. Laser treatment is the main therapy for PWS. But some patients are not sensitive to it, and failed laser treatment will leave scars on face. Hence in this study, the authors used prefabricated flap carried by superficial temporal artery to treat PWS.

Methods:
Nine patients diagnosed with large-scaled PWS (occupying more than half of the cheek) from January 2008 to December 2017 were selected in the study. One of them did not finish the treatment. Eight patients completed all scheduled treatments. In the first stage, superficial temporal vessels were transferred to the donor site and then an expander was implanted. About 80 to 150 days later, PWS was removed and the prefabricated flap was used to repair the wound. All the 8 patients were followed-up for 10 months to 36 months.

Results:
Prefabricated flap survived well. All patients are satisfied with the appearance. The color and texture of prefabricated flap is similar to the surroundings.

Conclusion:
The combination of prefabricated flap and skin soft tissue expander not only extends the scale of flap but also enhances the efficacy of surgical treatment. It is a good candidate to treat PWS.
Novel Technique and Step-by-Step Construction of a Computer-Guided Stent for Mandibular Distraction Osteogenesis
Authors: Hany Hossam El-Dien , El Hadidi Yasser Nabil , Sleem Heba , Taha Moustafa , El Kassaby Marwa 
Published: September 2019

Introduction:
Distraction osteogenesis is an integral part in management of mandibular defects associated with hemifacial microsomia and post-ankylotic mandibular defects. The most difficult part in distraction osteogenesis is the prediction of distraction vector and risk of injury to vital structures as inferior alveolar. The present study aimed to present 3-dimensionally constructed computer-guided splints in distraction osteogenesis to get an ideal vector and minimal risk of vital structures injury.

Material and Methods:
The technical note presents cases series of 6 patients who had computer-guided distraction osteogenesis surgery using prefabricated splints.

Results:
The distance between the virtual and physical pins and osteotomy was measured, and the deviation of the vector angle and osteotomy angle was also assessed. Average deviation in pin distance was 3 mm and in vector angle 13.5°. Average deviation in osteotomy distance was 2.6 mm and in osteotomy angle 14.4°. None of the cases had injury to vital structure. There was significant improvement (P = 0.0078) in the medial canthus–buccal commissure distance where the arithmetic mean improved from 59.6 (SD = 10.1) mm pre-distraction in the defective side to 67.1 (SD = 8) mm post-distraction. The degree of correction was 97% compared to the normal side.

Conclusion:
3D printed surgical stents were successful in transferring the virtual treatment plan of mandibular distraction osteogenesis into the surgical theatre with an acceptable margin of error and without injury to any vital structures
Subperiosteal Dissection in Orbital Blowout Fracture: Technical Tips Including the Use of Modified Periosteal Elevator
Authors: Nazimi Abd. Jabar , Rajaran Jothi Raamahlingam , Nordin Rifqah 
Published: September 2019

Abstract
Orbital blowout fractures are common. The same goes for its surgical complications when the efficiency of the dissection of entrapped or herniated intraorbital contents into the fracture could not be completely and safely dissected out. The authors describe a modification of the commonly used Howarth periosteal elevator for dissection of intraorbital content displacement or herniation on orbital blowout fracture. The instrument was modified by marking out the instrument from the tip into 10, 20, 25, 30, and 40 mm on both of its concave and convex surfaces to allow safe orbital soft tissue dissection and distance control. From the authors’ experience, these simple modifications from its original instrument design allow better intraoperative control and appreciation of any intact important intraorbital anatomical structures such as inferomedial strut and posterior ledge. At the same time of importantly getting complete orbital fracture dissection and visualization, it causes less trauma to surrounding soft tissue with the markings ensuring unnecessary orbital exploration or visualization. Dissection can be kept for optimum maneuverability at the required or intended location based on the preoperative scan or dimension of anatomical orbital implant.
Does the Lag Time Between Injury and Treatment Play a Role in Recovery of Inferior Alveolar Nerve Neurosensory Disturbances Following Mandibular Body Fracture?
Authors: Tabrizi Reza , Pourdanesh Freydoun , Khoshnik Paniz Lesan , Centenero Samir Aboul-Hosn 
Published: September 2019

Background:
The lag time between injury and treatment (LTIT) plays an important role in reduction of complications in mandibular fractures. The aim of this study was to measure the effect of LTIT on recovery of the inferior alveolar nerve (IAN) neurosensory disturbances (NSDs) following surgical management of mandibular body fractures.

Methods:
This was a prospective cohort study. Patients who had a unilateral mandibular body fracture with paresthesia were studied. Paresthesia was evaluated by 2-point discrimination (TPD) test, brush stroke test and self-reporting before and 6 months after the surgical procedure.

Results:
Forty-five patients were studied. There was a correlation between LTIT and TPD test result and self-reported paresthesia at 6 months, postoperatively (P = 0.001). Fifteen patients (33.3%) had complete improvement in NSD 6 months after treatments (group 1) and 30 patients (group 2) had hyposthesia (N = 17, 37.77%) and paresthesia (N = 13, 28.88%). There was a significant difference in LTIT between groups 1 and 2 at 6 months postoperatively (P = 0.001). Cox regression model demonstrated the hazard ratio increased significantly for self-reported NSD when treatment was done 10 days after trauma (P = 0.001, confidence level = 95%).

Conclusion:
It seems that conduction of open reduction with internal rigid fixation shortly after mandibular fracture may shorten the recovery time of NSDs of the IAN following mandibular body fractures.
Diagnosis of Bilateral Calcifications of Temporomandibular Joint Disc by Image Fusion
Authors: Han Wei-Hua , Meng Juan-Hong , Li Gang , Ma Xu-Chen 
Published: September 2019

Abstract
The calcification of the articular disc is an uncommon lesion, usually discovered in hips, elbows, and shoulders, but rarely in temporomandibular joints (TMJ). The TMJ disc calcification may be related to pain and limitation of the mandibular mobility, however, most of the patients were asymptomatic. A 61-year-old female was referred to our hospital after a maxillofacial fist injury, bilateral TMJ disc calcifications were found accidentally by radiological examination. Here the significance of image fusion of cone-beam computed tomography and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) in the diagnosis of this lesion was emphasized.