bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
COMPARISON OF THE RADIATION SENSITIVITY OF THE BREAST CANCER CELL LINE MCF7 AND HUMAN ADIPOSE-DERIVED STEM CELLS
Authors: Michaelidesová Anna , Vachelová Jana , Cupal Lukáš , Konířová Jana , Brabcová Kateřina Pachnerová , Bačáková Lucie , Vandrovcová Marta , Davídková Marie 
Published: August 2019

Abstract
A comparison between breast cancer cell line MCF7 and human adipose-derived stem cells (ADSC) after irradiation by the same doses of megavoltage X-rays was performed. The cell growth, the induction of apoptosis and the expression of selected genes were analyzed. Irradiated MCF7 related to its control sample grows slower than ADSC and it undergoes apoptosis in much higher levels than ADSC. This was confirmed by real-time polymerase chain reaction as well, where the expression of apoptotic genes was found to be considerably higher for MCF7 than for ADSC. From the results of this project, it could be stated that MCF7 is more radiosensitive than ADSC.
RADIATION-INDUCED PLASMID DNA DAMAGE: EFFECT OF CONCENTRATION AND LENGTH
Authors: Brabcová Kateřina Pachnerová , Jamborová Zuzana , Michaelidesová Anna , Davídková Marie , Kodaira Satoshi , Šefl Martin , Štěpán Václav 
Published: August 2019

Abstract
Plasmid DNA is commonly used as a simpler substitute for a cell in studies of early effects of ionizing radiation because it allows to determine yields of primary DNA lesions. Experimental studies often employ plasmids of different lengths, in different concentrations in the aqueous solution. Influence of these parameters on the heavy-ion induced yields of primary DNA damage has been studied, using plasmids pUC19 (2686 bp), pBR322 (4361 bp) and pKLAC2 (9107 bp) in 10 and 50 ng/μl concentration. Results demonstrate the impact of plasmid length, while no significant difference was observed between the two concentrations. The uncertainty of the results is discussed.
ETHANOL AS A MODIFIER OF RADIATION SENSITIVITY OF LIVING CELLS AGAINST UV-C RADIATION
Authors: Neužilová Barbora , Ondrák Lukáš , Čuba Václav , Múčka Viliam 
Published: August 2019

ABSTRACT
The protection of Escherichia coli bacteria and the yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae against UV-C radiation by ethanol was studied. It was found that the fraction of surviving cells increases with increasing ethanol concentration. The specific protection depends on the dose rate, concentration range of ethanol, and it is higher for yeast compared to the bacteria.
RESPONSE OF THE CZECH RMN NETWORK TO THUNDERSTORM ACTIVITY
Authors: Šlegl J , Minářová J , Kuča P , Kolmašová I , Santolík O , Sokol Z , Reitz G , Ambrožová I , Ploc O 
Published: August 2019

ABSTRACT
Thunderstorm ground enhancement (TGE) is a phenomenon that enhances radiation background on the ground related to thunderstorm activity and charge structure of the thundercloud. On the other hand, the rise of gamma background is connected with precipitation by the washout of radon progeny from the atmosphere. In our analysis, we examined known enhancements of gamma background, previously attributed solely to radon progeny, using data from the Czech Radiation Monitoring Network (RMN) to investigate the enhancements with respect to thunderstorms and TGE phenomena. We also used radar precipitation data and data from the lightning location network to analyze their influences on the radiation background enhancement during three thunderstorm events that occurred in summer 2016 over the Czech Republic (Central Europe). We state that the RMN might have detected TGE over the Czech Republic.
COMPARISON OF MCNP AND VISIPLAN DOSE-FIELD CALCULATIONS FOR MULTILAYER SHIELDING
Authors: Bednár Dávid , Lištjak Martin , Slimák Andrej , Nečas Vladimír 
Published: August 2019

Abstract
An important factor in calculation of quantities describing the radiation situation is the selection of a calculation code. In this article, the radiation situation for selected geometries with multilayer shields was judged. Calculations were carried out using deterministic code VISIPLAN and stochastic code MCNP5. Inter-comparison of calculations with experiment was done. The aim was to compare and evaluate the results achieved by the measurements and calculations, to analyze the methods of individual calculation codes and to discuss deviations in the results. Comparison of MCNP calculations and FH40G measurements shows that the relative deviations were ±20% for each shielding configuration. The results obtained by VISIPLAN code are strongly dependent on the selected buildup factor (BUF). However, in almost all cases, it appears that using Broder’s formula to calculate BUF for multilayer shields is a good approach to refine the calculation.
ESTE—DECISION SUPPORT SYSTEM FOR NUCLEAR AND RADIOLOGICAL ACCIDENTS
Authors: Fojcíková Eva , Lipták Ľudovít , Krpelanová Monika , Chylý Miroslav , Čarný Peter 
Published: August 2019

Abstract
Described are functions, models and approaches of software tool Emergency Source Term code (ESTE), which is decision support system for crisis staff in case of nuclear or radiological accidents. The first task of ESTE in emergency situation at nuclear facility is to evaluate state of reactor core or state of fuel in spent fuel pool, on the base of state of barriers which should prevent the release of radionuclides to the environment. The main task is to prepare outputs, which can be utilised for recommendation of protective measures. Measures include sheltering, iodine prophylaxis and evacuation inside the emergency planning zone and potentially beyond the zone. The paper summarizes approaches of ESTE, including dispersion models and reverse modeling approach applied for estimation of real release to the atmosphere of the environment. Compared are intervention levels implemented in ESTE for urgent measures in Slovakia, Czech Republic, Bulgaria, Iran and Austria.
THE USE OF THE EXRADIN W1 PLASTIC SCINTILLATOR FOR MEASUREMENTS IN EXTERNAL RADIOTHERAPY
Authors: Koniarová Irena , Konček Ondřej 
Published: August 2019

Abstract
The Exradin W1 plastic scintillator (Standard Imaging) was examined for measurement suitability in high-energy photon beams, high-energy electron beams and tomotherapy in terms of dose to water for reference fields. For photon beams, pulse repetition rate dependence, calibration stability, noise from the photodiode enclosure, detector motion during treatment, output factors, off-axis doses and percentage depth doses were tested. For electron and tomotherapy beams, energy non-dependence was verified. All features make the detector suitable in small and non-standards fields, and for electron beams.
CONTINUOUS RADON-IN-WATER MONITORING—COMPARISON OF METHODS UNDER LABORATORY CONDITIONS AND RESULTS OF IN SITU MEASUREMENTS
Authors: Vyletělová Petra , Froňka Aleš 
Published: August 2019

Abstract
The extraction of dissolved radon from water to gas is the most common way to measure radon concentration in water continuously. The response delay of continuous radon-in-water detection system (continuous monitor + equilibrator) is influenced by the response time of the continuous monitor and a rate of an establishment of equilibrium in the equilibrator (exchanger unit). Two types of equilibrators were used in performed experiments to compare the response time of various detection systems—RAD AQUA that uses water spraying and equilibrator with ACCUREL® PP membrane that enables radon diffusion. Each of these was connected to the continuous monitor RAD7 or RM-3. The response delay after turning on the water flow through the equilibrator was determined. The fastest detection system was RAD7 + RAD AQUA that was subsequently tested during the insitu measurement of thermal water in the healing spa and water sources near Cheb and České Budějovice.
Blindness, Psychosis, and the Visual Construction of the World
Authors: Pollak Thomas A , Corlett Philip R 
Published: August 2019

Abstract
The relationship between visual loss and psychosis is complex: congenital visual loss appears to be protective against the development of a psychotic disorder, particularly schizophrenia. In later life, however, visual deprivation or visual loss can give rise to hallucinosis, disorders of visual insight such as blindsight or Anton syndrome, or, in the context of neurodegenerative disorders, more complex psychotic presentations. We draw on a computational psychiatric approach to consider the foundational role of vision in the construction of representations of the world and the effects of visual loss at different developmental stages. Using a Bayesian prediction error minimization model, we describe how congenital visual loss may be protective against the development of the kind of computational deficits postulated to underlie schizophrenia, by increasing the precision (and consequent stability) of higher-level (including supramodal) priors, focusing on visual loss-induced changes in NMDA receptor structure and function as a possible mechanistic substrate. In simple terms, we argue that when people cannot see from birth, they rely more heavily on the context they extract from the other senses, and the resulting model of the world is more impervious to the false inferences, made in the face of inevitably noisy perceptual input, that characterize schizophrenia. We show how a Bayesian prediction error minimization framework can also explain the relationship between later visual loss and other psychotic symptoms, as well as the effects of visual deprivation and hallucinogenic drugs, and outline experimentally testable hypotheses generated by this approach.
Dapsone Hydroxylamine, an Active Metabolite of Dapsone, Can Promote the Procoagulant Activity of Red Blood Cells and Thrombosis
Authors: Bian Yiying , Kim Keunyoung , An Gwang-Jin , Ngo Thien , Bae Ok-Nam , Lim Kyung-Min , Chung Jin-Ho 
Published: August 2019

AbstractDapsone hydroxylamine (DDS-NHOH), N-hydroxylated metabolite of a sulfonamide antibiotic, dapsone, is responsible for various adverse effects of dapsone that include methemoglobinemia, hemolytic anemia, and thrombosis. However, the mechanism underlying DDS-NHOH-induced thrombosis remains unclear. Here, we demonstrated that DDS-NHOH, but not dapsone, could increase prothrombotic risks through inducing the procoagulant activity of red blood cells (RBCs). In freshly isolated human RBCs in vitro, sub-hemolytic concentrations of DDS-NHOH (10–50 μM) increased phosphatidylserine (PS) exposure and augmented the formation of PS-bearing microvesicles (MV). Reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation and the subsequent dysregulation of enzymes maintaining membrane phospholipid asymmetry were found to induce the procoagulant activity of DDS-NHOH. Dapsone hydroxylamine also accelerated thrombin generation and enhanced RBC self-aggregation and adherence of RBCs to endothelial cells in vitro. Most importantly, both the single dose of 50 or 100 mg/kg (i.p.) DDS-NHOH and repeated doses of 10 mg/kg per day (i.p.) for 4 days increased thrombus formation in rats (six rats per dose) in vivo, substantiating a potential prothrombotic risk of DDS-NHOH. Collectively, these results demonstrated the central role of RBC procoagulant activity induced by DDS-NHOH in the thrombotic risk of dapsone.
Posterior Reversible Encephalopathy (PRES) in a Child with Severe Dengue
Authors: Sawant Yogini , Birajdar Suresh , Doshi Hiren , Soni Pooja , Patkar Deepak , Joshi Narayan C 
Published: August 2019

Abstract
Among neurological complications associated with dengue, posterior reversible encephalopathy syndrome (PRES) has not been reported in pediatric population. We report a 10-year-old girl with severe dengue who developed PRES. The patient presented with hemorrhagic shock that required fluid resuscitation and inotropic support. She developed seizures with encephalopathy 2 days after recovering from the shock. Cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) examination was negative for dengue (no white blood cells in CSF with negative polymerase chain reaction for dengue). Her clinical features and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) findings showed typical changes associated with posterior encephalopathy that reverted after resolution of hypertension. Repeat MRI after a month was normal. PRES should be considered as a possible differential diagnoses of dengue associated encephalopathy, especially in cases with normal CSF examination and characteristic MRI changes.
Inferring time-dependent migration and coalescence patterns from genetic sequence and predictor data in structured populations
Authors: Müller Nicola F , Dudas Gytis , Stadler Tanja 
Published: August 2019

AbstractPopulation dynamics can be inferred from genetic sequence data by using phylodynamic methods. These methods typically quantify the dynamics in unstructured populations or assume migration rates and effective population sizes to be constant through time in structured populations. When considering rates to vary through time in structured populations, the number of parameters to infer increases rapidly and the available data might not be sufficient to inform these. Additionally, it is often of interest to know what predicts these parameters rather than knowing the parameters themselves. Here, we introduce a method to infer the predictors for time-varying migration rates and effective population sizes by using a generalized linear model (GLM) approach under the marginal approximation of the structured coalescent. Using simulations, we show that our approach is able to reliably infer the model parameters and its predictors from phylogenetic trees. Furthermore, when simulating trees under the structured coalescent, we show that our new approach outperforms the discrete trait GLM model. We then apply our framework to a previously described Ebola virus dataset, where we infer the parameters and its predictors from genome sequences while accounting for phylogenetic uncertainty. We infer weekly cases to be the strongest predictor for effective population size and geographic distance the strongest predictor for migration. This approach is implemented as part of the BEAST2 package MASCOT, which allows us to jointly infer population dynamics, i.e. the parameters and predictors, within structured populations, the phylogenetic tree, and evolutionary parameters.
What to do when ontogenetic tracking is unavailable: a morphometric method to classify instars in Milnesium (Tardigrada)
Authors: Surmacz Bartłomiej , Morek Witold , Michalczyk Łukasz 
Published: August 2019

Abstract
Identification of tardigrade species is still reliant mostly on morphological and morphometric traits. Given that the number of taxonomically significant traits available in the genus Milnesium is exceptionally low, ontogenetic variability may provide additional methods for species delineation. However, it is notoriously difficult to establish whether both immature and sexually mature instars are present in examined populations. Here, we developed a simple analytical morphometric method that helps in testing whether both immature and mature life stages are present in a given set of individuals. In order to achieve this, we analysed 21 populations representing 11 Milnesium species, with developmental tracking data available for four species. Using cluster analysis, individuals were assigned accurately to three groups of instars: hatchlings, juveniles and adults (third instar onwards). Our analyses revealed that the most useful character in life-stage classification is buccal tube length. The method of classification of instars presented herein could be used as a simple tool for identification of the number of life stages present in a population. Finally, using our algorithm, we analysed morphometric datasets underlying the descriptions and redescriptions of all known Milnesium species to date and concluded that the majority of them did not include all three life-stage groups.
Comparison of Stand-alone Lateral Lumbar Interbody Fusion Versus Open Laminectomy and Posterolateral Instrumented Fusion in the Treatment of Adjacent Segment Disease Following Previous Lumbar Fusion Surgery
Authors: Louie Philip K. , Haws Brittany E. , Khan Jannat M. , Markowitz Jonathan , Movassaghi Kamran , Ferguson Joseph , Lopez Gregory D. , An Howard S. , Phillips Frank M. 
Published: August 2019

Study Design.
Retrospective cohort study.

Objective.
The aim of this study was to compare clinical and radiographic outcomes of patients who underwent stand-alone lateral lumbar interbody fusion (LLIF) to those who underwent posterolateral fusion (PLF) for symptomatic adjacent segment disease (ASD).

Summary of Background Data.
Recent studies have suggested that LLIF can successfully treat ASD; however, there are no studies to date that compare LLIF with the traditional open PLF in this cohort.

Methods.
A total of 47 consecutive patients who underwent LLIF or PLF for symptomatic ASD between January 2007 and August 2016 after failure of conservative management were reviewed for this study. Patient-reported outcomes (PROs) were collected on all patients at preoperative, postoperative, and most recent post-operative visit using the Oswestry Disability Index, Visual Analog Scale (VAS)–Back, and VAS–Leg surveys. Preoperative, immediate postoperative, and most recent postoperative radiographs were assessed for pelvic incidence, fusion, intervertebral disc height, segmental and overall lumbar lordosis (LL). Symptomatic ASD was diagnosed if back pain, neurogenic claudication, or lower extremity radiculopathy presented following a previous lumbar fusion. Preoperative plain radiographs were evaluated for evidence of adjacent segment degeneration.

Results.
A total of 47 patients (23 LLIF, 24 PLF) met inclusion criteria. Operative times (P < 0.001) and intraoperative blood loss (P < 0.001) were significantly higher in the PLF group. Patients who underwent PLF were discharged approximately 3 days after the LLIF patients (P < 0.001). PROs in the PLF and LLIF cohorts showed significant and equivalent improvement, with equivalent radiographic fusion rates. LLIF significantly improve segmental lordosis (P < 0.001), total LL (P = 0.003), and disc height (P < 0.001) from preoperative to immediate postoperative and final follow-up (P = 0.004, P = 0.019, P ≤ 0.001, respectively).

Conclusion.
Although LLIF may provide less perioperative morbidity and shorter length of hospitalization, both techniques are safe and effective approaches to restore radiographic alignment and provide successful clinical outcomes in patients with adjacent segment degeneration following previous lumbar fusion surgery.

Level of Evidence: 3
Flexion-Relaxation Ratio Asymmetry and Its Relation With Trunk Lateral ROM in Individuals With and Without Chronic Nonspecific Low Back Pain
Authors: Rose-Dulcina Kevin , Genevay Stéphane , Dominguez Dennis , Armand Stéphane , Vuillerme Nicolas 
Published: August 2019

Study Design.
A cross-sectional comparative study.

Objective.
The present study aimed to investigate the relationship between the FR phenomenon asymmetry of lumbar muscles and trunk lateral range of motion (ROM) asymmetry in nonspecific chronic low back pain (NSCLBP) patients.

Summary of Background Data.
Imbalance in trunk muscle activation between right and left sides can induce pain by loading the spine incorrectly, especially in patients with NSCLBP. A previous study reported a greater asymmetry in the FR phenomenon of the erector spinae in NSCLBP patients than in asymptomatic participants (APs). Imbalance of muscle properties, such as trunk ROM, has been suggested as a possible cause of this observed asymmetry.

Methods.
Twenty-eight NSCLBP patients and 22 AP performed 3 standing maximal trunk flexions. Surface electromyography was recorded bilaterally for erector spinae longissimus and lumbar multifidus. A FR ratio was calculated for each muscle. The fingertip-to-thigh test was performed to assess trunk lateral ROM. Each parameter's asymmetry was calculated as the absolute difference between right and left sides.

Results.
NSCLBP patients present a significantly lower trunk lateral ROM than AP. FR ratio asymmetry of the erector spinae was significantly greater in NSCLBP patients than in AP (P < 0.05). FR ratio asymmetry of the multifidus and trunk lateral ROM asymmetry were not significantly different between groups. Significant correlation (r = 0.49) between FR ratio asymmetry of erector spinae and trunk lateral ROM asymmetry was observed only for patients with NSCLBP.

Conclusion.
The present findings showed that FR ratio asymmetry of erector spinae longissimus is moderately correlated with trunk lateral ROM asymmetry. In addition, the results confirmed that patients with NSCLBP present a reduced trunk lateral ROM, a FR ratio asymmetry of the erector spinae which is correlated with trunk rotation. These findings suggested an imbalance spine loading which can contribute to the persistence of pain.

Level of Evidence: 3
Comparison of Hip and Lumbopelvic Performance Between Chronic Low Back Pain Patients Suited for the Functional Optimization Approach and Healthy Controls
Authors: Pilz Bruna , Vasconcelos Rodrigo A. , Teixeira Paulo P. , Mello Wilson , Oliveira Isadora O. , Ananias Juliana , Timko Michael , Grossi Débora B. 
Published: August 2019

Study Design.
Cross-sectional study.

Objective.
We explored the differences between chronic low back pain (CLBP) patients suited for the functional optimization approach and healthy controls in isometric hip-strength and lumbar-endurance tests and determined classificatory cutoff values for strength and endurance tests and ratios.

Summary of Background Data.
To optimize the treatment effect for CLBP, some approaches have classified patients into homogeneous subgroups matched to specific treatments. We evaluated CLBP patients suited for the functional optimization approach, who seek care because they experience symptoms during activities with high physical demands, although they are relatively asymptomatic.

Methods.
Three hundred fifty subjects (healthy controls, 170; CLBP patients, 180) were stratified by age (18–40 and 41–65 yrs), sex, and physical activity level. The CLBP patients had an Oswestry Disability Index score < 20% and a Numeric Pain Rating Scale score < 3. The subjects underwent hip abductor, extensor, and flexor isometric strength tests; a deep abdominal function test; and lateral/frontal bridge and lumbar flexor/extensor endurance tests.

Results.
Relative to the healthy controls, the CLBP patients showed significantly (P > 0.05) higher strength scores in the hip flexor and deep abdominal function tests but lower endurance in the lateral and frontal bridge and lumbar flexor and extensor tests. The cutoff values of the lumbar flexor test and the lumbar flexor/extensor, lateral bridge/lumbar flexor, frontal bridge/lumbar flexor, and hip extensor/flexor test ratios showed acceptable accuracy (AUC = 0.84, 0.82, 0.79, 0.75, and 0.73, respectively).

Conclusion.
In lumbopelvic and hip-performance tests, CLBP patients suited for the functional optimization approach showed differences from healthy controls. These patients could be discriminated from healthy controls on the basis of accurate cutoff values for strength and endurance tests and ratios, which should be considered in treatment decision-making when patients need to return to activities with higher physical demands.

Level of Evidence: 2