bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Chromatographic separation of vildagliptin and l‐proline as in‐process impurity with the application of Youden's test and statistical analysis to test the robustness of the HPLC method
Authors: Yehia Ali M. , El‐ghobashy Mohamed Refaat , Helmy Aya Hosam , Youssef Nadia F. 
Published: May 2018

AbstractRobust high‐performance liquid chromatography and thin‐layer chromatography methods were adopted for the determination of vildagliptin in the presence of l‐proline, an in‐process impurity. The high‐performance liquid chromatography separation of vildagliptin and l‐proline was achieved on a cyano 250 × 4.6 mm, 5 μm column using 0.04 M phosphate buffer containing 0.2% triethylamine pH 5.5/methanol (22:78 v/v) as a mobile phase with an isocratic elution at 1 mL/min and 210 nm UV detection. Vildagliptin determination was in range of 5–40 μg/mL with a detection limit of 0.532 μg/mL. Qualitative and quantitative responses were evaluated by the application of Youden's test and statistical analysis to assess the high‐performance liquid chromatography method robustness, and system suitability limits were calculated based on the robustness test results. The thin‐layer chromatography method is based on the separation of vildagliptin and l‐proline on silica gel F254 using chloroform/methanol/glacial acetic acid (7:2:1 v/v/v) as a developing system, visualization was achieved by exposure to iodine vapor and densitometric measurement at 210 nm in range of 1–40 μg/band with a detection limit of 0.403 μg/band. Least squares regression analysis revealed a linear calibration for high‐performance liquid chromatography and a binomial relationship for thin‐layer chromatography. Full validation agreed with International Conference on Harmonization Q2 (R1) guidelines. Good recoveries were obtained for vildagliptin in drug substance, drug product and by applying the standard addition technique.
Pigmentation Is Associated with Stemness Hierarchy of Progenitor Cells Within Cultured Limbal Epithelial Cells
Authors: Liu Lei , Nielsen Frederik Mølgaard , Emmersen Jeppe , Bath Chris , Østergaard Hjortdal Jesper , Riis Simone , Fink Trine , Pennisi Cristian Pablo , Zachar Vladimir 
Published: May 2018

AbstractEx vivo cultured human limbal epithelial stem/progenitor cells (hLESCs) are the main source for regenerative therapy of limbal stem cell deficiency (LSCD), which is worldwide one of the major causes of corneal blindness. Despite many stemness-associated markers have been identified within the limbal niche, the phenotype of the earliest hLESCs has not been hitherto identified. We sought to confirm or refute the use of tumor protein p63 (p63) and ATP binding cassette subfamily B member 5 (ABCB5) as surrogate markers for hLESCs early within the limbal differentiation hierarchy. Based on a robust fluorescence-activated cell sorting and subsequent RNA isolation protocol, a comprehensive transcriptomic profile was obtained from four subpopulations of cultured hLESCs. The subpopulations were defined by co-expression of two putative stem/progenitor markers, the p63 and ABCB5, and the corneal differentiation marker cytokeratin 3. A comparative transcriptomic analysis yielded novel data that indicated association between pigmentation and differentiation, with the p63 positive populations being the most pigmented and immature of the progenitors. In contrast, ABCB5, either alone or in co-expression patterns, identified more committed progenitor cells with less pigmentation. In conclusion, p63 is superior to ABCB5 as a marker for stemness.
Smart grid governance: An international review of evolving policy issues and innovations
Authors: Brown Marilyn A. , Zhou Shan , Ahmadi Majid 
Published: May 2018

The electric power systems of many industrialized nations are challenged by the need to accommodate distributed renewable generation, increasing demands of a digital society, growing threats to infrastructure security, and concerns over global climate disruption. The “smart grid”—with a two‐way flow of electricity and information between utilities and consumers—can help address these challenges, but various financial, regulatory, and technical obstacles hinder its rapid deployment. An overview of experiences with smart grids policies in pioneering countries shows that many governments have designed interventions to overcome these barriers and to facilitate grid modernization. Smart grid policies include a new generation of regulations and finance models such as regulatory targets, requirements for data security and privacy, renewable energy credits, and various interconnection tariffs and utility subsidies.This article is categorized under:

Energy Infrastructure > Economics and Policy
Energy Policy and Planning > Economics and Policy
Energy Infrastructure > Climate and Environment
The International Mouse Phenotyping Consortium (IMPC): a functional catalogue of the mammalian genome that informs conservation
Authors:   the IMPC consortium, Muñoz-Fuentes Violeta , Cacheiro Pilar , Meehan Terrence F. , Aguilar-Pimentel Juan Antonio , Brown Steve D. M. , Flenniken Ann M. , Flicek Paul , Galli Antonella , Mashhadi Hamed Haseli , Hrabě de Angelis Martin , Kim Jong Kyoung , Lloyd K. C. Kent , McKerlie Colin , Morgan Hugh , Murray Stephen A. , Nutter Lauryl M. J. , Reilly Patrick T. , Seavitt John R. , Seong Je Kyung , Simon Michelle , Wardle-Jones Hannah , Mallon Ann-Marie , Smedley Damian , Parkinson Helen E. 
Published: May 2018

AbstractThe International Mouse Phenotyping Consortium (IMPC) is building a catalogue of mammalian gene function by producing and phenotyping a knockout mouse line for every protein-coding gene. To date, the IMPC has generated and characterised 5186 mutant lines. One-third of the lines have been found to be non-viable and over 300 new mouse models of human disease have been identified thus far. While current bioinformatics efforts are focused on translating results to better understand human disease processes, IMPC data also aids understanding genetic function and processes in other species. Here we show, using gorilla genomic data, how genes essential to development in mice can be used to help assess the potentially deleterious impact of gene variants in other species. This type of analyses could be used to select optimal breeders in endangered species to maintain or increase fitness and avoid variants associated to impaired-health phenotypes or loss-of-function mutations in genes of critical importance. We also show, using selected examples from various mammal species, how IMPC data can aid in the identification of candidate genes for studying a condition of interest, deliver information about the mechanisms involved, or support predictions for the function of genes that may play a role in adaptation. With genotyping costs decreasing and the continued improvements of bioinformatics tools, the analyses we demonstrate can be routinely applied.
Discovering simple phenylboronic acid and benzoxaborole derivatives for experimental oncology – phase cycle-specific inducers of apoptosis in A2780 ovarian cancer cells
Authors: Psurski Mateusz , Łupicka-Słowik Agnieszka , Adamczyk-Woźniak Agnieszka , Wietrzyk Joanna , Sporzyński Andrzej 
Published: May 2018

Summary
Objective The aim of the study was to evaluate the antiproliferative potential of simple phenylboronic acid and benzoxaborole derivatives as well as to provide preliminary insight into their mode of action in cancer cells in vitro. Methods The antiproliferative activity was assessed in five diverse cancer cell lines via the SRB method (sulforhodamine B) or MTT (3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide) method after 72 h of treatment. Further studies of the mechanism of action consisted of the influence of the compounds on cell cycle progression and apoptosis induction, which was assessed by flow cytometry, caspase-3 enzymatic activity, fluorescence microscopy and western blot analysis. Results A clear structure-activity relationship was observed for both groups of compounds with several representatives evaluated as highly active antiproliferative agents with low micromolar $$ {\mathrm{IC}}_{50}^{72\mathrm{h}} $$

IC
50

72
h

values. 2-Fluoro-6-formylphenylboronic acid (18) and 3-morpholino-5-fluorobenzoxaborole (27) exhibited strong cell cycle arrest induction in G2/M associated with caspase-3 activation in an A2780 ovarian cancer cell line. These events were accompanied by a mitotic catastrophe cell morphology and an increased percentage of aneuploid and tetraploid cells. Further experiments indicated that the compounds were phase cycle-specific agents since cells co-treated with hydroxyurea were less sensitive. The observed cell cycle arrest resulted from significant p21 accumulation and was associated neither with cyclin B1 nor β-tubulin degradation. Conclusion Phenylboronic acid and benzoxaborole derivatives were found to be highly promising antiproliferative and proapoptotic compounds with a cell cycle-specific mode of action. The presented data support their candidacy for further studies as a novel class of potential anticancer agents.
A global forum on ultramafic ecosystems: from ultramafic ecology to rehabilitation of degraded environments
Authors: Echevarria Guillaume , Baker Alan J. M. , Boyd Robert S. , van der Ent Antony , Mizuno Takafumi , Rajakaruna Nishanta , Sakaguchi Shota , Bani Aida 
Published: May 2018

AbstractThe 9th International Conference on Serpentine Ecology (ICSE) was held in Tirana and Pogradec (Albania) from June 5 to 9, 2017. More than 100 delegates from 29 countries around the world gathered to present their research on recent advances in: (i) ultramafic soils, (ii) biogeochemistry, (iii) diversity of ultramafic flora, microflora and fauna, (iv) ecophysiology of ultramafic‐adapted organisms, (v) interactions between ultramafic organisms and their ecology, (vi) nature rehabilitation of degraded ultramafic environments (resulting from mining activities), and (vii) the production of bio‐based metals through agromining technology. Additionally, the ICSE featured the first symposium on ultramafic aquatic ecology and ecotoxicology. Albania has one of the most diverse ultramafic floras in Europe. During the conference delegates visited some of the most emblematic ultramafic sites in Albania as well as the first agromining field trial in Europe. Here, we present the major topics and provide some highlights of the 25 contributions in this Special Issue (Vol. 33 no.3 and 4).
Perceptions of nature conservation by future biologists attending private universities in São Paulo State, Brazil
Authors: Gheler‐Costa Carla , Soncksen Beatriz Malaghine , Santos Gláucia Maria Costa , Rosalino Luís Miguel 
Published: May 2018

AbstractAs conservation agents, biologists play a central role in nature preservation as information‐gatherers, promoters of environmental education, lobbyists, and members of societies. Consequently, it is important to understand what factors determine their attitudes towards conservation. We aimed to assess which taxa and recovery measures students from biology core courses consider priorities for conservation and to determine the value students associate with conservation compared to other topics. We asked students (n = 122) from two private universities in São Paulo State, Brazil to fill out an anonymous questionnaire. They highlighted rarity, vanishing habitats and endemism as important criteria in prioritizing species. Carnivores were identified as the most threatened mammals and habitat recovery was deemed to be the most efficient conservation action. Students valued healthcare, cultural heritage and science over conservation. Our results reveal a two‐sided perspective of conservation among students from biology core courses; they possess knowledge of conservation issues but are greatly influenced by anthropocentric and utilitarian views of nature.
Biopsychosocial Management of Female Sexual Dysfunction: A Pilot Study of Patient Perceptions From 2 Multi-Disciplinary Clinics
Authors: Rullo Jordan , Faubion Stephanie S. , Hartzell Rose , Goldstein Sue , Cohen Deborah , Frohmader Karla , Winter Ashley G. , Mara Kristin , Schroeder Darrell , Goldstein Irwin 
Published: May 2018

Abstract

Background
Sexual dysfunction is often complex and biopsychosocial. Traditional sexual health care management involves individual providers not in a multi-disciplinary setting. A multi-disciplinary team may consist of a medical provider, pelvic floor physical therapist, and sex therapist.

Aim
The aim was to explore the patient perceptions of benefit from management of their sexual dysfunction by a biopsychosocial multi-disciplinary team.

Methods
A survey was e-mailed to women patients seen by multi-disciplinary teams at 2 different settings: San Diego Sexual Medicine or Mayo Clinic Women's Health Clinic during a 27-month period. Data are reported using summary statistics for age and count for remaining survey responses. Cochran-Armitage tests for trend were used to compare pre- and post-comfort levels.

Outcomes
Main outcome measures included perceived benefit of being managed in a team-based model of care, level of benefit and satisfaction from each provider, and difference from pre-conceived level of comfort to actual comfort after each provider visit.

Results
89 of 270 e-mailed surveys were analyzed. Patient populations (mean age 47.6, range 23–77 years) were similar between sites. Overall, 82% of respondents reported moderate/great benefit from the team-based model; 72.1% reported management by all 3 providers valuable/extremely valuable; and 84.3% were somewhat/very satisfied with the model. Women endorsed specific ways in which they benefitted from the team-based model including: improved sexual function (58.1%), feeling validated (72.1%) and listened to (62.8%), that they better understood their health concerns (65.1%), that their partner better understood their health concerns (46.5%), and feeling normal (46.5%). There were no significant differences between the 2 clinics in terms of patient-perceived benefit, value, or satisfaction.

Conclusions
The team-based model of care for management of sexual dysfunction in women including a medical provider, physical therapist, and sex therapist is associated with patient-perceived benefit, satisfaction, and value.
Functional outcome and social cognition in bipolar disorder: Is there a connection?
Authors: Vlad Maria , Raucher-Chéné Delphine , Henry Audrey , Kaladjian Arthur 
Published: May 2018

AbstractBackground:Interest in social cognition in bipolar disorder (BD) has increased considerably over the past decade, with studies highlighting major impairments, especially in mental state reasoning, even during euthymia. A causal relationship between social cognition deficits and social functioning has already been established in individuals with schizophrenia, but there is still little information about links between social cognition and social functioning in BD. Our aim was therefore to review the relationship between functional outcome and social cognition in patients with BD.Methods:We conducted a systematic review of the literature. Relevant articles were identified through literature searches in the MEDLINE/PubMed, EBSCOHost and Google Scholar databases for the years 2000–2017, using the keywordsbipolar, social cognition, theory of mind, mentalizing, emotion recognition, emotion processing, andfunctioning.A total of 20 studies met our inclusion/exclusion criteria.Results:We found that functioning was significantly correlated with three domains of social cognition (ToM, emotion processing, and attribution bias). Twelve of 13 studies reported a correlation with emotion processing, but a correlation with ToM was only found in three of the 11 studies that assessed it. Six studies found an effect of depressive symptoms on emotion processing and no significant association was found with manic symptomatology.Conclusions:To the best of our knowledge, the present review is the first to specifically explore the relationship between social cognition and social functioning in patients with BD. This exploration is of interest, as it enhances current understanding of this disorder and, by so doing, should improve patient outcomes.
Long term outcomes of acute and transient psychotic disorders: The missed opportunity of preventive interventions
Authors: Rutigliano Grazia , Merlino Sergio , Minichino Amedeo , Patel Rashmi , Davies Cathy , Oliver Dominic , De Micheli Andrea , McGuire Philip , Fusar-Poli Paolo 
Published: May 2018

AbstractBackground:Acute and transient psychotic disorders (ATPD) are characterized by an acute onset and a remitting course, and overlap with subgroups of the clinical high-risk state for psychosis. The long-term course and outcomes of ATPD are not completely clear.Methods:Electronic health record-based retrospective cohort study, including all patients who received a first index diagnosis of ATPD (F23, ICD-10) within the South London and Maudsley (SLaM) National Health Service Trust, between 1 st April 2006 and 15th June 2017. The primary outcome was risk of developing persistent psychotic disorders, defined as the development of any ICD-10 diagnoses of non-organic psychotic disorders. Cumulative risk of psychosis onset was estimated through Kaplan-Meier failure functions (non-competing risks) and Greenwood confidence intervals.Results:A total of 3074 patients receiving a first index diagnosis of ATPD (F23, ICD-10) within SLaM were included. The mean follow-up was 1495 days. After 8-year, 1883 cases (61.26%) retained the index diagnosis of ATPD; the remaining developed psychosis. The cumulative incidence (Kaplan-Meier failure function) of risk of developing any ICD-10 non-organic psychotic disorder was 16.10% at 1-year (95%CI 14.83–17.47%), 28.41% at 2-year (95%CI 26.80–30.09%), 33.96% at 3-year (95% CI 32.25–35.75%), 36.85% at 4-year (95%CI 35.07–38.69%), 40.99% at 5-year (95% CI 39.12–42.92%), 42.58% at 6-year (95%CI 40.67–44.55%), 44.65% at 7-year (95% CI 42.66–46.69%), and 46.25% at 8-year (95% CI 44.17–48.37%). The cumulative risk of schizophrenia-spectrum disorder at 8-year was 36.14% (95% CI 34.09–38.27%).Conclusions:Individuals with ATPD have a very high risk of developing persistent psychotic disorders and may benefit from early detection and preventive treatments to improve their outcomes.
Current frontline endocrine treatment options for women with hormone receptorpositive, Human Epidermal Growth Factor Receptor 2 (HER2)-negative advanced-stage breast cancer
Authors: Abdel-Razeq Hikmat 
Published: May 2018

Despite the recent advances in breast cancer early detection and awareness, a significant portion of patients present with an advanced-stage disease and more patients will progress to stage IV despite adequate treatment of their initial early-stage disease. Hormone receptor (HR)-positive, Human Epidermal Growth Factor Receptor-2 (HER2)-negative subtype is the commonest among all breast cancer subtypes. The management of the advanced-stage disease of this subtype has evolved significantly over the past few years. The emergence of estrogen receptor down regulators (fulvestrant), mTOR-inhibitors and the recent introduction of CDK4/6 inhibitors, like palbociclib, abemaciclib and ribociclib, has resulted in a significant and a historical improvement in treatment outcomes.
In this paper, we review many of the recently reported clinical trials that led to the approval of these new drugs in the first-line settings, along with the current international guidelines.
Event related potential analysis techniques for autism spectrum disorders: A review
Authors: Sheela Priyalakshmi , Puthankattil Subha D. 
Published: May 2018

AbstractAutism Spectrum Disorders (ASD) comprise all pervasive neurodevelopmental diseases marked by deficits in social and communication skills, delayed cognitive development, restricted and repetitive behaviors. The core symptoms begin in early childhood, may continue life‐long resulting in poor performance in adult stage. Event‐related potential (ERP) is basically a time‐locked electroencephalogram signal elicited by various stimuli, related to sensory and cognitive processes. The various ERP based techniques used for the study of ASD are considered in this review. ERP based study offers the advantage of being a non‐invasive technique to measure the brain activity precisely. The techniques are categorized into three based on the processing domain: time, frequency and time‐frequency. Power spectral density, coherence, phase synchrony, multiscale entropy, modified multiscale entropy, sum of signed differences, synchrostates and variance are some of the measures that have been widely used to study the abnormalities in frequency bands and brain connectivity. Various signal processing techniques such as Fast Fourier Transform, Discrete Fourier Transform, Short‐Time Fourier Transform, Principal Component Analysis, Wavelet Transform, Directed Transfer Function etc. have been used to analyze the recorded signals so as to unravel the distinctive event‐related potential patterns in individuals with ASD. The review concludes that ERP proves to be an efficient tool in detecting the brain abnormalities and connectivity issues, indicating the heterogeneity of ASD. Many advanced techniques are utilized to decipher the underlying neural circuitry so as to aid in therapeutic interventions for improving the core areas of deficits.
Peripheral complement interactions with amyloid β peptide in Alzheimer's disease: Polymorphisms, structure, and function of complement receptor 1
Authors: Johansson Jenny U. , Brubaker William D. , Javitz Harold , Bergen Andrew W. , Nishita Denise , Trigunaite Abhishek , Crane Andrés , Ceballos Justine , Mastroeni Diego , Tenner Andrea J. , Sabbagh Marwan , Rogers Joseph 
Published: May 2018

AbstractIntroductionGenome‐wide association studies consistently show that single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in the complement receptor 1 (CR1) gene modestly but significantly alter Alzheimer's disease (AD) risk. Follow‐up research has assumed that CR1 is expressed in the human brain despite a paucity of evidence for its function there. Alternatively, erythrocytes contain >80% of the body's CR1, where, in primates, it is known to bind circulating pathogens.MethodsMultidisciplinary methods were employed.ResultsConventional Western blots and quantitative polymerase chain reaction failed to detect CR1 in the human brain. Brain immunohistochemistry revealed only vascular CR1. By contrast, erythrocyte CR1 immunoreactivity was readily observed and was significantly deficient in AD, as was CR1‐mediated erythrocyte capture of circulating amyloid β peptide. CR1 SNPs associated with decreased erythrocyte CR1 increased AD risk, whereas a CR1 SNP associated with increased erythrocyte CR1 decreased AD risk.DiscussionSNP effects on erythrocyte CR1 likely underlie the association of CR1 polymorphisms with AD risk.