bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
PulseDIA: in-depth data independent acquisition mass spectrometry using enhanced gas phase fractionation
Authors: Cai Xue , Ge Weigang , Yi Xiao , Sun Rui , Zhu Jiang , Lu Cong , Sun Ping , Zhu Tiansheng , Ruan Guan , Yuan Chunhui , Liang Shuang , Lyv Mengge , Huang Shiang , Zhu Yi , Guo Tiannan 
Published: September 2019

ABSTRACTAn inherent bottleneck of data independent acquisition (DIA) analysis by Orbitrap-based mass spectrometers is the relatively large window width due to the relatively slow scanning rate compared to TOF. Here we present a novel gas phase separation and MS acquisition method called PulseDIA-MS, which improves the specificity and sensitivity of Orbitrap-based DIA analysis. This is achieved by dividing the ordinary DIA-MS analysis covering the entire mass range into multiple injections for DIA-MS analyses with complementary windows. Using standard HeLa digests, the PulseDIA method identified 69,530 peptide precursors from 9,337 protein groups with ten MS injections of 30 min LC gradient. The PulseDIA scheme containing two complementary windows led to the highest gain of peptide and protein identifications per time unit compared to the conventional 30 min DIA method. We further applied the method to profile the proteome of 18 cholangiocarcinoma (CCA) tissue samples (benign and malignant) from nine patients. PulseDIA identified 7,796 protein groups in these CCA samples, with 14% increase of protein identifications, compared to the conventional DIA method. The missing value for protein matrix dropped by 7% with PulseDIA acquisition. 681 proteins were significantly dysregulated in tumorous CCA samples. Together, we presented and benchmarked an alternative DIA method with higher sensitivity and lower missing rate.
Perception towards quality and effectiveness of social work education through open and distance learning
Authors: Dash Bishnu Mohan 
Published: September 2019

Purpose
The purpose of this paper is to highlight the perception of the students towards the quality and effectiveness of social work education offered by Indira Gandhi National Open University (IGNOU) through open and distance learning (ODL).

Design/methodology/approach
The sample size consisted of 150 students, 15 academic counsellors engaged in either teaching or development sectors, or faculty members of School of Social Work of IGNOU. The methods of data collection included interviews and content analysis. Interview schedule for students, interview guide for academic counsellors and interview guide for faculty members were used.

Findings
The study centres were allotted as per student’s choice. Students were satisfied with the counsellors because of their support, availability, contact, accessibility and assisting the students to clearing their doubts. The study found that the student’s attendance in counselling sessions was found to be negligible, even a large number of respondents were not aware of the ODL system. The study also shows that students face lots of problem with regard to their field work supervision and other components of field work as were also neglected.

Practical implications
The findings of the study are extremely relevant for formulating necessary guidelines for improving the social work education through ODL mode. The study recommends revision of course materials translated in Hindi language, holding of individual and group conferences regularly as well as proper evaluation of field work reports.

Originality/value
This is first such study conducted in India to examine the effectiveness of social work education through ODL.
Forecasting the total energy consumption in Ghana using grey models
Authors: Katani Emmanuel Kwadzo 
Published: September 2019

Purpose
The purpose of this paper is to forecast the future trend of Ghana’s total energy consumption (GTEC) using two grey models, which are GM(1,1) and the grey Verhulst model.

Design/methodology/approach
The paper employs the use of Even model GM(1,1) and the grey Verhulst model to forecast GTEC for the next five years. Since various models were used, the margin for error is minimal, hence resulting in a better choice for forecasting the future. The forecast reveals that the GTEC for the next five years will increase rapidly.

Findings
The results reveal that the models can be used accurately to predict the total energy consumption smoothly. This will aid the government of Ghana to take necessary measures such as transforming the economic development pattern and enhancing the energy utilization efficiency since future patterns of energy consumed can be predicted.

Research limitations/implications
This research is meaningful to the government and all stakeholders in Ghana to help develop and appreciate the energy sector and its economic impact. This research is going to help government put in measures for efficient utilization of energy since results reveal an increase in energy consumption.

Practical implications
Research results could be used for development of the energy sector through managerial and economic decision making.

Originality/value
Ghana is a developing country and has great prospects in terms of boosting or resourcing its energy sector to meet future demands. The successfully explored models could aid the government of Ghana to formulate policies in the energy sector and generate future consumption plans.
The necessity of teaching Intercultural Communication in higher education
Authors: AlTaher Bassmah B. 
Published: September 2019

Purpose
The purpose of this paper is to analyze how Intercultural Communication is a necessary course for students to learn how to communicate in a healthy, tolerant and respectful manner when pursuing higher education, for miscommunication can result from ethnocentric behavior when dealing with people from various cultural backgrounds.

Design/methodology/approach
A survey method of research was adopted and questionnaires were administered to two sets of students: those who have taken Intercultural Communications and those who have not. A total of 192 valid responses from students were received from the School of Basic Sciences and Humanities, German Jordanian University. The first survey falls under the nominal analysis of a dichotomous questionnaire, and the results were measured with Cronbach’s α to test the reliability of the its consistency. The second questionnaire’s items were uni-dimensional, and so the Guttman chart was used to conduct students’ comprehension of global communication.

Findings
The results of this study have shown that the first questionnaire has a strong consistency (0.86); students have successfully understood the dynamics of cross-cultural communication, and used that knowledge to aid and prepare them for future careers. As for students who have not taken IC, they have answered the second questionnaire with great confidence in the first category of personal expectations, but fluctuated in their answers when answering the category of self-development and cultural appreciation. ZPD1 and ZPD2 have proven that students need their teacher to learn new knowledge and insights which they can gain from an IC course.

Research limitations/implications
Apart from the valuable contributions of the study, this study is performed at one public university, and the students, despite their diverse cultural backgrounds and majors, restrict the findings of this research from generalizing the results. Hence, future studies in this area are deeply encouraged, especially when comparing between private and public universities, and how IC is interrelated to other courses in the humanities; moreover, IC as an academic course can bridge the gap between student–teacher relationships.

Originality/value
The scarcity of a diverse course that teaches intercultural skills in communication has become a growing necessity in this day and age, especially in the Middle East and particularly in Jordan. Due to globalization and informatization, Jordanian students are constantly exposed to cultural and religious differences, and to have them engage in a healthy, well-respected conversation is the core aim of this paper, for tolerance and understanding are constantly on high demand. Students learn these skills in IC, and this course reflects how essential a course like this can play a great role in a student’s development.
A population genomics appraisal suggests independent dispersals for bitter and sweet manioc in Brazilian Amazonia
Authors: Alves‐Pereira Alessandro , Clement Charles R. , Picanço‐Rodrigues Doriane , Veasey Elizabeth Ann , Dequigiovanni Gabriel , Ramos Santiago Linorio Ferreyra , Pinheiro José Baldin , de Souza Anete Pereira , Zucchi Maria Imaculada 
Published: September 2019

AbstractAmazonia is a major world centre of plant domestication, but the genetics of domestication remains unclear for most Amazonian crops. Manioc (Manihot esculenta) is the most important staple food crop that originated in this region. Although manioc is relatively well‐studied, little is known about the diversification of bitter and sweet landraces and how they were dispersed across Amazonia. We evaluated single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in wild and cultivated manioc to identify outlier SNPs putatively under selection and to assess the neutral genetic structure of landraces to make inferences about the evolution of the crop in Amazonia. Some outlier SNPs were in putative manioc genes possibly related to plant architecture, transcriptional regulation and responses to stress. The neutral SNPs revealed contrasting genetic structuring for bitter and sweet landraces. The outlier SNPs may be signatures of the genomic changes resulting from domestication, while the neutral genetic structure suggests independent dispersals for sweet and bitter manioc, possibly related to the earlier domestication and diversification of the former. Our results highlight the role of ancient peoples and current smallholders in the management and conservation of manioc genetic diversity, including putative genes and specific genetic resources with adaptive potential in the context of climate change.
An Experimental and Numerical Study of Regulating Performance and Flow Loss in a V-Port Ball Valve
Authors: Tao Junyu , Lin Zhe , Ma Chuanjing , Ye Jiahui , Zhu Zuchao , Li Yi , Mao Wei 
Published: September 2019

Abstract
Process valves are responsible for regulating and controlling the rate and direction of flow in pipeline systems. The V-port ball valve is one kind of process valve with a regulating performance influenced by V-angle. In this article, a DN50 V-port ball valve is taken as the research object. This work therefore aims to investigate the effect of and relationship between the V-angle on valve performance and internal flow properties via experiments and numerical simulations. Results indicate that an increase in either V-angle or valve opening causes a large-pressure fluctuation near the valve outlet, thus leading to a long pressure-stable distance. Meanwhile, the flow coefficient increases exponentially with valve opening, and the value of the exponent remains at 2.5 for different V-angles. Furthermore, the stable position of internal energy loss along the downstream pipe is well-matched with the stable position of external pressure fluctuation. This inspires a new method for controlling the pressure stability downstream from the valve. These results may facilitate improvements in the design and optimization of the process valve, thus benefiting the development of fluid transport techniques in energy industries.
Performance Improvements for a Vertical Axis Wind Turbine by Means of Gurney Flap
Authors: Yan Yan , Avital Eldad , Williams John , Cui Jiahuan 
Published: September 2019

Abstract
A numerical study was carried out to investigate the effects of a Gurney flap (GF) on the aerodynamics performance of the NACA 00 aerofoil and an associated three-blade rotor of a H-type Darrieus wind turbine. The flow fields around a single aerofoil and the vertical axis wind turbine (VAWT) rotor are studied using unsteady Reynolds-averaged Navier–Stokes equations (URANS). The height of GF ranges from 1% to 5% of the aerofoil chord length. The results show that the GF can increase the lift and lift-to-drag ratio of the aerofoil as associated with the generation of additional vortices near the aerofoil trailing edge. As a result, adding a GF can significantly improve the power coefficient of the VAWT at low tip speed ratio (TSR), where it typically gives low power production. The causing mechanism is discussed in detail, pointing to flow separation and dynamic stall delay.
Using rubber stamps and mobile phones to help understand and change antibiotic prescribing behaviour in private sector primary healthcare clinics in Kenya
Authors: Kleczka Bernadette , Kumar Pratap , Njeru Mercy Karimi , Musiega Anita , Wekesa Phoebe , Rabut Grace , Marx Michael 
Published: September 2019

BackgroundAntibiotic use in primary care can drive antimicrobial resistance (AMR) in the community. However, our understanding of antibiotic prescribing in low- and middle-income countries (LMICs) stems mostly from hospital-based studies or prescription/sales records, with little information available on routine primary care practices. We used an innovative, paper-to-digital documentation approach to deliver routine data and understand antibiotic use for common infections in low-resource primary healthcare clinics (PHCs).MethodsRubber stamps were introduced in nine private sector PHCs serving Nairobi’s informal settlements to ‘print-on-demand’ clinical documentation templates into paper charts. The intervention included one mobile phone per PHC to take and share images of filled templates, guideline compilation booklets and monthly continuing medical education (CME) sessions. Templates for upper respiratory tract (URTI), urinary tract (UTI), sexually transmitted (STI) and gastrointestinal infection (GI) management were used in eight PHCs. Information in templates from 889 patient encounters was digitised from smartphone images, analysed, and fed back to clinicians during monthly CME sessions. UTI charts (n=130 and 96, respectively) were audited preintervention and postintervention for quality of clinical documentation and management.ResultsAntibiotics were prescribed in 94.3%±1.6% of all patient encounters (97.3% in URTI, 94.2% in UTI, 91.6% in STI and 91.3% in GI), with 1.4±0.4 antibiotics prescribed per encounter. Clinicians considered antibiotic use appropriate in only 58.6% of URTI and 47.2% of GI cases. While feedback did not affect the number of antibiotics prescribed for UTIs, the use of nitrofurantoin, an appropriate, narrow-spectrum antibiotic, increased (9.2% to 29.9%; p<0.0001) and use of broad spectrum quinolones decreased (30.0% to 16.1%; p<0.05).ConclusionAntibiotic use for common infections is high in private sector PHCs in Kenya, with both knowledge and ‘know-do’ gaps contributing to inappropriate prescription. Paper-based templates in combination with smartphone technologies can sustainably deliver routine primary care case management data to support the battle against AMR.
Regular black holes with $$\varLambda >0$$ and its evolution in Lovelock gravity
Authors: Estrada Milko , Aros Rodrigo 
Published: September 2019

Abstract
In this work it is shown that the thermodynamics of regular black holes with a cosmological horizon, which are solutions of Lovelock gravity, determines that they must evolve either into a state where the black hole and cosmological horizons have reached thermal equilibrium or into an extreme black hole geometry where the black hole and cosmological horizons have merged. This differs from the behavior of Schwarzschild de Sitter geometry which evolves into a de Sitter space, the ground state of the space of solutions. This occurs due to a phase transition of the heat capacity of the black hole horizon. To perform that analysis it is shown that at each horizon a local first law of thermodynamics can be obtained from the gravitational equations.
Two-body corrections to the g factors of the bound muon and nucleus in light muonic atoms
Authors: Karshenboim Savely G. , Ivanov Vladimir G. 
Published: September 2019

Abstract

A nonrelativistic (NR) theory of recoil corrections to the magnetic moments of bound particles is revisited. A number of contributions can be described within an NR theory with the help of various potentials. We study those potential-type contributions for two-body atomic systems. We have developed an approach, that allows us to find the g factor for an electron or muon in a two-body bound system for an arbitrary electrostatic interaction together with the m/M recoil corrections, as well as the binding corrections to the g factor of the nucleus. We focus our attention on light muonic two-body atoms, where the recoil effects are enhanced. Both mentioned kinds of contributions have been previously known only for the pure Coulomb effects. We have applied the here-obtained master equations to a few particular cases of perturbations of the Coulomb potential. In particular, the results on the recoil corrections to the finite-nuclear-size (FNS) and Uehling-potential contributions to the g factor of the bound muon are obtained. The Uehling-potential and FNS contributions to the g factor of the bound nucleus have been found as well together with the related recoil corrections. We have generalized the results for the case of the g factor of a bound muon in a three-body atomic system consisting of an electron, a muon, and a spinless nucleus.

Graphical abstract
The Notch Pathway Promotes Osteosarcoma Progression through Activation of Ephrin Reverse Signaling
Authors: Yu Ling , Xia Kezhou , Gao Tian , Chen Jingteng , Zhang Zhengpei , Sun Xiangran , Simões Bruno M. , Eyre Rachel , Fan Zhengfu , Guo Weichun , Clarke Robert B. 
Published: September 2019

Abstract

Despite significant advancements in the diagnosis and treatment of osteosarcoma, the molecular mechanisms underpinning disease progression remain unclear. This work presents strong clinical and experimental evidence demonstrating that Notch signaling contributes to osteosarcoma progression. First, using a cohort of 12 patients, Notch genes were upregulated in tumors compared with adjacent normal tissue, and high tumor expression of Notch1 intercellular domain (NICD1) and the Notch target gene Hes1 correlated with poor chemotherapy response. Data mining of publicly available datasets confirmed that expression of Notch pathway genes is related to poor prognosis in osteosarcoma. On the basis of in vitro analysis, Notch signaling promoted osteosarcoma proliferation, enhanced chemoresistance, facilitated both migration and invasion, and upregulated stem cell–like characteristics. Xenograft models demonstrated that Notch signaling promotes primary tumor growth and pulmonary metastasis, and Notch inhibition is effective in reducing tumor size and preventing metastasis. Mechanistically, activated Notch signaling induces the expression of ephrinB1 and enhances the tumor-promoting ephrin reverse signaling. Overall, these findings provide functional evidence for Notch pathway genes as candidate biomarkers to predict prognosis in patients with osteosarcoma, and suggest a mechanistic rationale for the use of Notch inhibitors to treat osteosarcoma.

Implications:
The study provides preclinical evidence for Notch pathway as a molecular marker to predict osteosarcoma prognosis and as a therapeutic target against osteosarcoma. In addition, we identified a novel mechanism that ephrin reverse signaling acts as a key mediator of Notch pathway.
PERSIANN-CNN: Precipitation Estimation from Remotely Sensed Information Using Artificial Neural Networks–Convolutional Neural Networks
Authors: Sadeghi Mojtaba , Asanjan Ata Akbari , Faridzad Mohammad , Nguyen Phu , Hsu Kuolin , Sorooshian Soroosh , Braithwaite Dan 
Published: September 2019

Abstract
Accurate and timely precipitation estimates are critical for monitoring and forecasting natural disasters such as floods. Despite having high-resolution satellite information, precipitation estimation from remotely sensed data still suffers from methodological limitations. State-of-the-art deep learning algorithms, renowned for their skill in learning accurate patterns within large and complex datasets, appear well suited to the task of precipitation estimation, given the ample amount of high-resolution satellite data. In this study, the effectiveness of applying convolutional neural networks (CNNs) together with the infrared (IR) and water vapor (WV) channels from geostationary satellites for estimating precipitation rate is explored. The proposed model performances are evaluated during summer 2012 and 2013 over central CONUS at the spatial resolution of 0.08° and at an hourly time scale. Precipitation Estimation from Remotely Sensed Information Using Artificial Neural Networks (PERSIANN)–Cloud Classification System (CCS), which is an operational satellite-based product, and PERSIANN–Stacked Denoising Autoencoder (PERSIANN-SDAE) are employed as baseline models. Results demonstrate that the proposed model (PERSIANN-CNN) provides more accurate rainfall estimates compared to the baseline models at various temporal and spatial scales. Specifically, PERSIANN-CNN outperforms PERSIANN-CCS (and PERSIANN-SDAE) by 54% (and 23%) in the critical success index (CSI), demonstrating the detection skills of the model. Furthermore, the root-mean-square error (RMSE) of the rainfall estimates with respect to the National Centers for Environmental Prediction (NCEP) Stage IV gauge–radar data, for PERSIANN-CNN was lower than that of PERSIANN-CCS (PERSIANN-SDAE) by 37% (14%), showing the estimation accuracy of the proposed model.
Small-Scale Dispersion in the Presence of Langmuir Circulation
Authors: Chang Henry , Huntley Helga S. , Kirwan A. D. , Carlson Daniel F. , Mensa Jean A. , Mehta Sanchit , Novelli Guillaume , Özgökmen Tamay M. , Fox-Kemper Baylor , Pearson Brodie , Pearson Jenna , Harcourt Ramsey R. , Poje Andrew C. 
Published: September 2019

AbstractWe present an analysis of ocean surface dispersion characteristics, on 1–100-m scales, obtained by optically tracking a release of bamboo plates for 2 h in the northern Gulf of Mexico. Under sustained 5–6 m s−1 winds, energetic Langmuir cells are clearly delineated in the spatially dense plate observations. Within 10 min of release, the plates collect in windrows with 15-m spacing aligned with the wind. Windrow spacing grows, through windrow merger, to 40 m after 20 min and then expands at a slower rate to 50 m. The presence of Langmuir cells produces strong horizontal anisotropy and scale dependence in all surface dispersion statistics computed from the plate observations. Relative dispersion in the crosswind direction initially dominates but eventually saturates, while downwind dispersion exhibits continual growth consistent with contributions from both turbulent fluctuations and organized mean shear. Longitudinal velocity differences in the crosswind direction indicate mean convergence at scales below the Langmuir cell diameter and mean divergence at larger scales. Although the second-order structure function measured by contemporaneous GPS-tracked surface drifters drogued at ~0.5 m shows persistent r2/3 power law scaling down to 100–200-m separation scales, the second-order structure function for the very near surface plates observations has considerably higher energy and significantly shallower slope at scales below 100 m. This is consistent with contemporaneous data from undrogued surface drifters and previously published model results indicating shallowing spectra in the presence of direct wind-wave forcing mechanisms.