bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Inverse emulsion polymerization of triple monomers of acrylamide, maleic anhydride, and styrene to achieve highly hydrophilic–hydrophobic modified polyacrylamide
Authors: Lalehgani Zahra , Ramazani S.A. Ahmad , Tamsilian Yousef , Shirazi Mahsa 
Published: March 2019

ABSTRACTThe purpose of this study was the production of copolymers and terpolymers with highly hydrophilic–hydrophobic properties, using inexpensive and available monomers as potential enhancing oil recovery (EOR) and water production control agents for high‐temperature and high‐salinity (HTHS) oil reservoirs. For this purpose, several copolymers and terpolymers with different molar percentage of acrylamide/styrene, acrylamide/maleic anhydride, and acrylamide/styrene/maleic anhydride were synthesized by the inverse emulsion polymerization technique. The presence of hydrophobic styrene and hydrophilic maleic anhydride monomers in the copolymer and terpolymer structure, provided some unique properties compared to polyacrylamide, was confirmed by several analyses including HNMR, elemental analysis, FTIR, SEM, TGA, and DSC. Simulating HTHS oil reservoir condition under high salinity, temperature, and shear rate, the rheological studies suggested unlike traditional EOR agents such as polyacrylamide, the viscosity of the copolymer, and terpolymer aqueous solutions showed a considerable increase after a critical polymer concentration and less reduction with the salt increment at both ambient and elevated temperatures. Furthermore, the swelling ratio of the insoluble terpolymers measured versus the time and temperature in salt water increased with the maleic anhydride mole fraction, decreased with the salt concentration, and showed a maximum value at around 57 °C. © 2019 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Appl. Polym. Sci. 2019, 136, 47753.
Latent curing agent DDM‐PMMA microcapsule for epoxy resin
Authors: Zhao Liyang , Yang Xiaojun , Li Qingyang , Ma Limin 
Published: March 2019

ABSTRACTA microcapsule‐type latent curing agent is prepared by solvent evaporation method with diaminodiphenylmethane (DDM) as the core material and PMMA as the wall material. The chemical structure, surface morphology, core content, and curing characteristics of as‐prepared microcapsule‐type curing agent are characterized by FTIR, SEM, TGA, and DSC. The results show that the obtained microcapsules have smooth surface and the core content is about 20 wt %. The one‐component adhesive consisting of DDM‐PMMA microcapsule and epoxy resin can be cured within 30 min at 130 °C, and the room temperature latent period is more than 30 days. In addition, the internal reasons influencing the core content of microcapsules are analyzed by comparing and analyzing the structural compatibility of three kinds of wall material PMMA, PS, and polyetherimide with DDM. The results show that the core content is affected by the compatibility of wall material and core material. © 2019 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Appl. Polym. Sci. 2019, 136, 47757.
Synthesis of blocked waterborne polyurethane with 3,5‐dimethylpyrazole for industrial application in digital inkjet printing
Authors: Yin Qin , Wang Xiaomei , Chen Jinghong , Wu Xuefen , Zheng Jiaying 
Published: March 2019

ABSTRACTIn this article, a series of blocked waterborne polyurethanes (BWPUs) were synthesized by isophorone diisocyanate, polyols, dimethylol butanoic acid (DMBA), and 3,5‐dimethylpyrazole. BWPUs were applied to digital inkjet printing of textiles. The successful synthesis and deblocking of BWPU were confirmed by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy and differential scanning calorimetry. The colorfastness was improved by deblocking the terminal NCO groups at 140 °C, which could react with fiber. This article presented a characterization method of filtering rate to evaluate the fluency of inkjet printing. Besides, the digital microscope was used to investigate the pigment transferred to the white test cloth. In the end, we chose poly(ethylene glycol adipate) 2000 as the polyol, 1,4‐butanediol as the chain extender, 1.6 as the NCO/OH molar ratio, and 4% as the mass fraction of DMBA. © 2019 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Appl. Polym. Sci.2019,136, 47765.
Indole Synthesis Using Silver Catalysis
Authors: Clarke Aimee K. , Ho Hon E. , Rossi‐Ashton James A. , Taylor Richard J. K. , Unsworth William P. 
Published: March 2019

AbstractIndoles are amongst the most important classes of heteroaromatics in organic chemistry, commonly found in biologically active natural products and therapeutically useful compounds. The synthesis of indoles is therefore important and several methods for their synthesis that make use of silver(I) catalysts and reagents have been developed in recent years. This Minireview contains, to the best of our knowledge, a comprehensive coverage of silver‐mediated indole forming reactions since the first reaction of this type was reported in 2004.
Besonderheiten bei der Ausführung semi‐integraler Großbrücken am Beispiel der Wehretalbrücke
Authors: Dietz Jörg 
Published: March 2019

AbstractDie aktuelle Tendenz im Brückenneubau weist eine zunehmende Anzahl semi‐integraler Großbrücken auf. Die Vorteile geringerer Wartung und höherer Robustheit erfordern zusätzliche Überlegungen in der technischen Bearbeitung. Die Wehretalbrücke ist aufgrund ihrer Schlankheit und komplexen Geometrie gut geeignet, um die Besonderheiten integraler Brücken bei der Planung und Ausführung exemplarisch aufzuzeigen. Das Bauwerk wurde semi‐integral als Rahmen mit vier Stielen ausgeführt. Die Abhängigkeiten zwischen Bau‐ und Endzustand machen frühe Abstimmungen zwischen Planer, Baugrundsachverständigem, Baufirma und Bauherr notwendig, damit ein reibungsloser Bauablauf gewährleistet werden kann.
Understanding plant nitrogen nutrition through a laboratory experiment
Authors: Ortigosa Francisco , Valderrama‐Martín José M. , Ávila Concepción , Cánovas Francisco M. , Cañas Rafael A. 
Published: March 2019

AbstractPlant nitrogen nutrition is an essential topic in biology that should be included in scientific education. Nitrogen availability is one of the primary limiting factors for plant growth, and these organisms are the primary support for the pluricellular terrestrial life, since they are the fundamental group of autotrophs. For this reason, the use of nitrogen fertilizers is in the basis of the Green Revolution that led to an extraordinary increase in the food production during the twentieth century. To illustrate the importance of plant nitrogen nutrition, a new laboratory experience for students is presented in this manuscript. The aim of the following laboratory teaching activity is training of students through the evaluation of metabolic, biochemical, and molecular markers that are related to the nitrogen nutritional status of plants. For this purpose, cherry tomato plants (Solanum lycopersicum var. cerasiforme) were used, since they exhibit rapid growth and good differential biomass accumulation in response to changes in the nitrogen supply. The proposed laboratory experiment enables the development of the entire protocol for postgraduate students or in a reduced version for students from lower educational levels. © 2019 International Union of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, 47(4):450–458, 2019.
Quality of life and depression 3 months after intracerebral hemorrhage
Authors: Sallinen Hanne , Sairanen Tiina , Strbian Daniel 
Published: March 2019

AbstractObjectivesQuality of life (QoL) after intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH) is poorly known. This study investigated factors affecting QoL and depression after spontaneous ICH.Materials and MethodsThis prospective study included patients admitted to Helsinki University Hospital between May 2014 and December 2016. Health‐related QoL (HRQoL) at 3 months after ICH was measured using the European Quality of Life Scale (EQ‐5D‐5L), and the 15D scale. Logistic regression analyses were used to test factors affecting HRQoL. EQ‐5D‐5L anxiety/depression dimension was used to analyze factors associated with anxiety/depression.ResultsOf 277 patients, 220 were alive, and sent QoL questionnaire. The questionnaire was returned by 124 patients. Nonreturners had more severe strokes with admission National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale (NIHSS) 7.8 (IQR 3.0–14.8) versus 5.0 (IQR 2.3–11.0); p = 0.018, and worse outcome assessed as modified Rankin Scale 3–5 at 3 months 59.4% versus 44.4% (p = 0.030). Predictors for lower HRQoL by both scales were higher NIHSS with OR 1.28 (95% CI 1.13–1.46) for EQ‐5D‐5L, and OR 1.28 (1.15–1.44) for 15D, older age (OR 1.10 [1.03–1.16], and OR 1.09 [1.03–1.15]), and chronic heart failure (OR 18.12 [1.73–189.27], and OR 12.84 [1.31–126.32]), respectively. Feeling sad/depressed for more than 2 weeks during the year prior to ICH was predictor for lower EQ‐5D‐5L (OR 10.64 [2.39–47.28]), and history of ICH for lower 15D utility indexes (OR 11.85 [1.01–138.90]). Prior feelings of sadness/depression were associated with depression/anxiety at 3 months after ICH with OR 3.62 (1.14–11.45).ConclusionsIn this cohort of ICH patients with milder deficits, HRQoL was affected by stroke severity, comorbidities and age. Feelings of depression before ICH had stronger influence on reporting depression/anxiety after ICH than stroke severity‐related and outcome parameters. Thus, simple questions on patient's premorbid feelings of sadness/depression could be used to identify patients at risk of depression after ICH for focusing follow‐up and treatment.
Neurobiological correlates of violence perception in martial artists
Authors: Schöne Maria , Seidenbecher Stephanie , Tozzi Leonardo , Kaufmann Jörn , Griep Hendrik , Fenker Daniela , Frodl Thomas , Bogerts Bernhard , Schiltz Kolja 
Published: March 2019

AbstractObjectivesThe direct exertion as well as the visual perception of violence can have a hedonistic effect and elicit positive arousal in predisposed individuals. This appetitive aspect of aggression in healthy subjects has been neglected in psychiatric research so far.MethodsUsing functional magnetic resonance imaging, we tested whether subjects trained in sports with a violent component (martial arts) show altered brain responses in reward‐associated brain areas when compared to controls. Sixteen martial artists (e.g., boxing, mixed martial arts) and 24 controls watched violent versus neutral pictures while performing a cognitive cover task. Subjects’ aggressiveness was assessed by the aggressiveness factors questionnaire (FAF).ResultsWhile watching violent pictures, martial artists had a stronger activation in the left amygdala than controls. Within the martial artist group however, there was an inverse correlation between activation in the left amygdala and degree of aggressiveness.ConclusionsHigher amygdala activation while watching violent pictures might reflect that perception of violence conveys increased salience to martial artists as compared to controls. The inverse correlation between amygdala activation and aggressiveness within the martial artist group might be explained by the assumption that the more aggressive martial artists may be more accustomed to violent situations leading to a down‐modulation of amygdala activation. Appetitive aggression should be taken into account as a factor contributing to violence.
Treatment of Amalgam Tattoo With a New Technique: Mucoabrasion and Free Connective Tissue Graft
Authors: Aguirre‐Zorzano Luis Antonio , García‐De‐La‐Fuente Ana M. , Estefanía‐Fresco Ruth 
Published: March 2019

IntroductionA new technique was performed for the removal of an amalgam tattoo (AT), consisting in mucoabrasion combined with a free connective tissue graft (FCTG).Case PresentationA 59‐year‐old female presented with a large AT involving the alveolar mucosa and gingiva between teeth #7 and #8, where endodontic treatment and apicoectomy was performed 21 years ago. To avoid compromising esthetics, the lesion was managed with a new technique including mucoabrasion and an FCTG. At the 53‐month follow‐up, the patient exhibited a naturally appearing soft tissue with no evidence of the AT.ConclusionWhen performing a one‐stage treatment of removing ATs in areas of high esthetic demand, it is possible to achieve good results and ideal gingival color.
A hypercoagulable state leading to venous limb gangrene associated with occult lung adenocarcinoma
Authors: Waite Matthew M. A. , Martinelli Anthony W. , Preston Stephen D. , Gudgin Emma , Symington Emily , Rintoul Robert C. , Peryt Adam , Coughlin Patrick , Hayes Paul , Gilligan David , Besser Martin 
Published: March 2019

Key Clinical MessageWe report a case of lung adenocarcinoma‐associated hypercoagulability leading to venous limb gangrene, managed successfully with argatroban and then dabigatran. Use of idarucizumab permitted diagnostic investigations, leading to targeted antineoplastic therapy with crizotinib, surgical resection with curative intent, and continued survival over 2 years after the index event.
Efficient “Click”‐Dendrimer‐Supported Synergistic Bimetallic Nanocatalysis for Hydrogen Evolution by Sodium Borohydride Hydrolysis
Authors: Kang Naixin , Djeda Rodrigue , Wang Qi , Fu Fangyu , Ruiz Jaime , Pozzo Jean‐Luc , Astruc Didier 
Published: March 2019

AbstractHydrogen is efficiently generated upon “click” dendrimer‐supported catalysis of NaBH4 hydrolysis by a series mono‐ and bimetallic nanoparticles (NPs) of the late transition metals. Among the monometallic NPs, PtNPs show the best performances, Co being the best first‐raw transition metal. A remarkable synergy between Pt and Co in Pt/CoNP@dendrimer is also disclosed, compared with various other bimetallic NP catalysts, achieving a TOF of 303 molH2 ⋅ molcatal.−1 ⋅ min−1 when the ratio of Pt to Co is 1 : 1. In the presence of NaOH, the catalytic activity is boosted for all monometallic NPs except PtNPs, but NaOH exerted a negative influence on the bimetallic NP catalysts. The kinetic studies with the catalyst Pt1Co1NP@dendrimer involve in particular a primary kinetic isotope effect kD/kH=3.41 obtained for the hydrolysis reaction with D2O, suggesting that O−H bond cleavage of water is involved in the rate‐determining step, and an overall reaction mechanism is proposed.
Precast bridge construction with UHPFRC—Shear tests and railway bridge pilot application
Authors: Schramm Nicholas , Fischer Oliver 
Published: March 2019

AbstractDue to the favorable material properties, Ultra‐High Performance Fiber‐Reinforced Concrete (UHPFRC) opens up new potential for precast options in PC bridge construction. On that matter, this article outlines the application, the load‐bearing behavior and advantages of two different possibilities: slender prestressed bridge girders and a prestressed trough‐shaped bridge element. Prestressed bridge girders made of UHPFRC allow for the realization of very slender cross‐sections with thin webs. For these beams, the shear capacity is the governing design issue. Hence, further investigations on the shear behavior with a variation of the fiber content, the prestressing level as well as the amount of shear reinforcement were undertaken. In this context, also size effects were examined using specimens with different construction heights up to 1.0 m. To enable testing of a high number of specimens with realistic cross‐sectional dimensions and at reasonable effort, an innovative experimental setup was developed and used for the investigations. Apart from these laboratory tests the present article deals with the pilot application of a railway bridge made of UHPFRC in Germany. The design and construction process as well as measurement results of the load and deformation behavior of the prestressed precast bridge element are presented and discussed.
Development and serviceability of a highway bridge deck using ultra‐high performance fiber‐reinforced concrete
Authors: Kosaka Takashi , Nishiumi Yoshifumi , Ichinomiya Toshimichi , Saito Kimio 
Published: March 2019

AbstractLightweight orthotropic steel decks are widely used in urban expressways. However, fatigue cracks occur in the orthotropic steel deck. As a result, their maintenance cost has been increasing. Considering this problem, we have developed a deck slab using ultra‐high performance fiber reinforced concrete (UHPFRC), as an alternative to the steel deck slab. The own weight of the UHPFRC deck slab is almost the same as that of an orthotropic steel deck slab. A UHPFRC deck has very thin components as compared with conventional concrete deck, thus the safety of the UHPFRC deck slab was analyzed via finite element analysis, and the fatigue durability of the UHPFRC deck slab was also confirmed via a wheel running fatigue test. The authors confirmed that the durability of the UHPFRC deck slab was sufficiently high and verified the serviceability of the deck using vibration and load tests. The characteristic frequency and impact coefficient of the deck were calculated, and the result indicated low possibility of resonance between the deck and cars.
Recent Progress in the Synthesis of the Monocarba‐closo‐dodecaborate(−) Anions
Authors: Kanazawa Junichiro , Kitazawa Yu , Uchiyama Masanobu 
Published: March 2019

AbstractThis Concept article focuses on the rapid growth in studies of the chemistry of the monocarba‐closo‐dodecaborate(−) anion (C1 carborane anion). As one of the most stable anions known, the C1 carborane anion has been useful for exploring the chemistry of highly reactive cations. On the other hand, development of novel functional molecules utilizing the unique properties of C1 carborane anion (e.g., σ‐aromaticity, rigid spherical skeleton) has progressed more slowly. The main reason for this is the relatively undeveloped state of synthetic chemistry in this area. Recent advances in the synthetic chemistry of C1 carborane anion are highlighted in this Concept article, focusing on cross‐coupling reactions at the carbon vertex, direct conversion of B−H bonds, and the synthesis of multivalent weakly coordinating anions. These progressions move this species beyond its well‐established role of highly stable “counter” monocharged anion.
Nitrogen/Oxygen Co‐Doped Hierarchically Porous Carbon for High‐Performance Potassium Storage
Authors: Sun Yongwen , Xiao Hao , Li Haibo , He Yezeng , Zhang Ya , Hu Yi , Ju Zhicheng , Zhuang Quanchao , Cui Yanhua 
Published: March 2019

AbstractAlthough the insertion of potassium ions into graphite has been proven to be realistic, the electrochemical performance of potassium‐ion batteries (PIBs) is not yet satisfactory. Therefore, more effort is required to improve the specific capabilities and achieve a long cycling life. The mild carbonization process in molten salt (NaCl‐KCl) is used to synthesize nitrogen/oxygen co‐doped hierarchically porous carbon (NOPC) for PIBs by using cyanobacteria as the carbon source. This exhibits highly reversible capacities and ultra‐long cycling stability, retaining a capacity of 266 mA h g−1 at 50 mA g−1 (100 cycles) and presents a capacity of 104.3 mA h g−1 at 1000 mA g−1 (1000 cycles). Kinetics analysis reveals that the potassium ion (K+) storage of NOPC is controlled by a capacitive process, which plays a crucial role in the excellent rate performance and superior reversible ability. The high proportion of capacitive behavior can be ascribed to the hierarchically porous structure and improved conductivity resulting from nitrogen and oxygen doping. Furthermore, density functional theory (DFT) calculations theoretically validate the enhanced potassium storage effect of the as‐obtained NOPC. More importantly, the route to NOPC from cyanobacteria in molten salt provides a green approach to the synthesis of porous carbon materials.
Preventive drugs in the last year of life of older adults with cancer: Is there room for deprescribing?
Authors: Morin Lucas , Todd Adam , Barclay Stephen , Wastesson Jonas W. , Fastbom Johan , Johnell Kristina 
Published: March 2019

BackgroundThe continuation of preventive drugs among older patients with advanced cancer has come under scrutiny because these drugs are unlikely to achieve their clinical benefit during the patients’ remaining lifespan.MethodsA nationwide cohort study of older adults (those aged ≥65 years) with solid tumors who died between 2007 and 2013 was performed in Sweden, using routinely collected data with record linkage. The authors calculated the monthly use and cost of preventive drugs throughout the last year before the patients’ death.ResultsAmong 151,201 older persons who died with cancer (mean age, 81.3 years [standard deviation, 8.1 years]), the average number of drugs increased from 6.9 to 10.1 over the course of the last year before death. Preventive drugs frequently were continued until the final month of life, including antihypertensives, platelet aggregation inhibitors, anticoagulants, statins, and oral antidiabetics. Median drug costs amounted to $1482 (interquartile range [IQR], $700‐$2896]) per person, including $213 (IQR, $77‐$490) for preventive therapies. Compared with older adults who died with lung cancer (median drug cost, $205; IQR, $61‐$523), costs for preventive drugs were higher among older adults who died with pancreatic cancer (adjusted median difference, $13; 95% confidence interval, $5‐$22) or gynecological cancers (adjusted median difference, $27; 95% confidence interval, $18‐$36). There was no decrease noted with regard to the cost of preventive drugs throughout the last year of life.ConclusionsPreventive drugs commonly are prescribed during the last year of life among older adults with cancer, and often are continued until the final weeks before death. Adequate deprescribing strategies are warranted to reduce the burden of drugs with limited clinical benefit near the end of life.
Growth of β‐ΒaΒ2O4 Crystals from Solution in LiF–NaF Melt and Study of Phase Equilibria
Authors: Simonova Ekaterina , Kokh Alexander , Shevchenko Vyacheslav , Kuznetsov Artem , Kragzhda Alexander , Fedorov Pavel 
Published: March 2019

AbstractPhase equilibria in the ΒaΒ2O4–LiF–NaF section of the quaternary reciprocal system Li, Na, Ba // BO2, F are studied by the solid‐phase synthesis, differential thermal analysis, and visual polythermal analysis techniques. It is shown that this system can be used for the growth of bulk β‐ΒaΒ2O4 crystals.
Iridium‐Catalyzed Hydrogenation and Dehydrogenation of N‐Heterocycles in Water under Mild Conditions
Authors: Wang Shengdong , Huang Haiyun , Bruneau Christian , Fischmeister Cédric 
Published: March 2019

AbstractAn efficient catalytic method is presented for the hydrogenation of N‐heterocycles. The iridium‐based catalyst operates under mild conditions in water without any co‐catalyst or stoichiometric additives. The catalyst also promotes the reverse reaction of dehydrogenation of N‐heterocycles, hence displaying appropriate characteristics for a future hydrogen economy based on liquid organic hydrogen carriers (LOHCs)
Catalytic Reactivation of Industrial Oxygen Depolarized Cathodes by in situ Generation of Atomic Hydrogen
Authors: Öhl Denis , Franzen David , Paulisch Melanie , Dieckhöfer Stefan , Barwe Stefan , Andronescu Corina , Manke Ingo , Turek Thomas , Schuhmann Wolfgang 
Published: March 2019

AbstractElectrocatalytically active materials on the industrial as well as on the laboratory scale may suffer from chemical instability during operation, air exposure, or storage in the electrolyte. A strategy to recover the loss of electrocatalytic activity is presented. Oxygen‐depolarized cathodes (ODC), analogous to those that are utilized in industrial brine electrolysis, are analyzed: the catalytic activity of the electrodes upon storage (4 weeks) under industrial process conditions (30 wt % NaOH, without operation) diminishes. This phenomenon occurs as a consequence of surface oxidation and pore blockage, as revealed by scanning electron microscopy, focused ion beam milling, X‐ray photoelectron spectroscopy, and Raman spectroscopy. Potentiodynamic cycling of the oxidized electrodes to highly reductive potentials and the formation of “nascent” hydrogen re‐reduces the electrode material, ultimately recovering the former catalytic activity.