bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Sequential reconstruction for recurrent head and neck cancer: A 10-year experience
Authors: Chung Soon Won , Byun Il Hwan , Lee Won Jai 
Published: September 2019

Background Most patients with head and neck cancer successfully undergo oncologic resection followed by free or local flap reconstruction, depending on the tumor’s size and location. Despite effective curative resection and reconstruction, head and neck cancer patients still face a high risk of recurrence and the possibility of a second primary cancer. Moreover, surgeons hesitate to perform sequential reconstruction following curative resection for several reasons. Few large-scale studies on this subject are available. Therefore, we retrospectively evaluated the outcome of sequential head and neck reconstruction to determine the possible risks.
Methods In total, 467 patients underwent head and neck reconstruction following cancer resection at our center from 2008 to 2017. Of these cases, we retrospectively reviewed the demographic and clinical features of 58 who had sequential head and neck reconstruction following resection of recurrent cancer.
Results Our study included 43 males (74.1%) and 15 females (25.9%). The mean age at the initial operation was 55.4±15.3 years, while the mean age at the most recent operation was 59.0±14.3 years. The interval between the first and second operations was 49.2±62.4 months. Twelve patients (20.7%) underwent surgery on the tongue, and 12 (20.7%) had procedures on the oropharynx. Thirty-four patients (58.6%) received a sequential free flap reconstruction, and 24 patients (41.4%) were treated using locoregional flaps. No cases of flap failure occurred.
Conclusions Our findings suggest that patients who need additional operations with recurrent head and neck cancer could optimally benefit from sequential curative resections and reconstructions.
Clinical factors in patients with congenital muscular torticollis treated with surgical resection
Authors: Kim Sue Min , Cha Bohwan , Jeong Kwang Sik , Ha Non Hyeon , Park Myong Chul 
Published: September 2019

Background Congenital muscular torticollis (CMT) is characterized by persistent head tilt toward the affected side. No consensus exists regarding the cause of this disorder. In this study, we analyzed various clinical factors in patients with CMT who were treated with surgical release. This analysis enabled us to identify potential causative factors of CMT and to establish a basis for surgical interventions.
Methods In total, 584 patients who underwent surgical intervention for CMT from October 2007 to December 2016 were included in this study. Their demographic characteristics, birth-related factors, and clinical features were analyzed.
Results Data from 525 patients were analyzed in this study after exclusion of those with insufficient information. Before birth, 31 patients (5.9%) were diagnosed with oligohydramnios, and 87 (16.6%) had a breech presentation. Seven (1.3%) cases of clavicle fracture and two (0.4%) cases of cephalohematoma were noted at birth. Before surgery, 397 patients (75.6%) underwent physiotherapy and 128 patients (24.4%) did not. The duration of physiotherapy ranged from 1 to 50 months (average, 6 months).
Conclusions Our study shows that 16.6% of the CMT patients presented in the breech position, which is a much higher rate than that observed in the general population (3%–4%). We hypothesize that being in the breech position as a fetus appears to exert a significant influence on shortening and fibrosis of the sternocleidomastoid muscle.
Merkel cell carcinoma: A series of seven cases
Authors: Lee Yong Woo , Bae Yong Chan , Nam Su Bong , Bae Seong Hwan , Kim Hoon-Soo 
Published: September 2019

Background Merkel cell carcinoma (MCC) is a rare neuroendocrine malignancy affecting the skin, for which timely diagnosis and aggressive treatment are essential. MCC has most often been reported in Caucasians, and case reports in Asians are rare. This study presents our experiences with the surgical treatment and radiotherapy of MCC in Asian patients.
Methods We retrospectively reviewed the records of seven MCC patients between 2000 and 2018 from a single institution, and analyzed patient characteristics, tumor characteristics, surgical treatment, sentinel lymph node evaluation, reconstruction, adjuvant radiation therapy, and prognosis.
Results Eight MCC lesions occurred in seven patients, most commonly in the head and neck region. All patients underwent surgical excision with reconstruction. The final surgical margin was 1.0 cm in most cases, and reconstruction was most commonly performed with a split-thickness skin graft. Five patients received adjuvant radiotherapy, and two patients received sentinel lymph node biopsy. During the follow-up period, three patients remained well, two died from other causes, one experienced recurrence, and one was lost to follow-up.
Conclusions We treated seven Asian MCC patients and our series confirmed that MCC is a very dangerous cancer in Asians as well. Based on our experiences, thorough surgical excision of MCC with histopathological clearance should be considered, with sentinel lymph node evaluation if necessary, followed by appropriate reconstruction and careful postoperative observation. Adjuvant radiation therapy is also recommended for all Asian MCC patients. The results of this case series may provide guidance for the treatment of Asian MCC patients in the future.
Nutritional Results of Roux-en-Y Pouch Reconstruction After Total Gastrectomy for Gastric Cancer
Authors: Shibata Chikashi , Nakamura Ryuji , Ogawa Hitoshi , Koyama Kaori , Mukouda Kazuaki , Iwasashi Hajime , Araki Takaaki , Kimura Shunichi 
Published: September 2019

Objective:
The aim of the present study was to describe the nutritional advantage of pouch reconstruction.

Summary of background data:
Roux-en-Y (RY) pouch reconstruction might improve patients' quality of life compared with RY reconstruction without a pouch after total gastrectomy for gastric cancer.

Methods:
Clinical records were retrospectively reviewed in 9 and 30 patients with gastric cancer for stages I to III diseases in the pouch and RY groups, respectively, and perioperative and nutritional results were studied. Nutritional results were studied for hemoglobin, serum albumin, total lymphocyte count, and prognostic nutritional index for 5 years postoperatively.

Results:
Intraoperative blood loss did not differ between 2 groups, and operative time in the pouch group was prolonged compared with the RY group. All parameters we studied for nutritional results did not differ between the pouch and RY groups in patients with stages I to III diseases. When nutritional results were investigated in patients with stage I diseases, the total lymphocyte count at 2 years and prognostic nutritional index at 2 and 3 years postoperatively were greater in the pouch group than RY group, but the increase was not obvious at 4 to 5 years after the operation, and serum albumin and hemoglobin did not differ between 2 groups.

Conclusions:
These results indicate that the nutritional advantage of pouch reconstruction is very limited after total gastrectomy because the nutritional benefits of pouch reconstruction were observed in 2 of 4 parameters in patients with stage I at 2 and 3 years postoperatively.
Occurrence of Clinically Significant Hypocalcemia 6 to 12 Months After Total Thyroidectomy Could Be Overrated: Results of a Prospective Multicenter Study
Authors: Eismontas Vitalijus , Slepavicius Algirdas , Janusonis Vinsas , Zeromskas Paulius , Martinkenas Arvydas , Dambrauskas Zilvinas , Gulbinas Antanas , Beisa Virgilijus , Strupas Kestutis 
Published: September 2019

Objective:
The aim of this study was to compare 2 groups of patients, normocalcemic and hypocalcemic, 6 to 12 months after total thyroidectomy and to determine the clinical value of the calcium levels on hospital discharge.

Summary of background data:
Thyroid surgeries are among the most common operations performed in the world. Hypocalcemia after total thyroidectomy is a common complication that is sometimes difficult to correct.

Methods:
From January 2015 through April 2017, 400 patients were included in this prospective multicenter study. All the patients underwent total thyroidectomy. By way of random of selection, 2 groups of patients were formed: 30 patients who had a normal level of calcium detected in the blood on discharge from the hospital after total thyroidectomy (normocalcemia group), and 30 patients who had a reduced level of calcium in the blood on discharge from the hospital (hypocalcemia group). In these groups of patients, various parameters were determined.

Results:
The comparison of patient groups with normocalcemia and hypocalcemia on discharge from the hospital and 6 to 12 months after surgery demonstrated that there were no statistically significant factors for postoperative hypocalcemia. Generally, there were no differences between the groups 6 to 12 months after surgery.

Conclusions:
Treatment with calcium and 25-hydroxyvitamin D preparations after surgery leads to disappearance of both biochemical and clinical expression of hypocalcemia in most cases. On discharge from the hospital, patients with more pronounced hypocalcemia should be administered calcium and calcitriol preparations, even in the absence of clinical symptoms.
The ideal couch tracking system—Requirements and evaluation of current systems
Authors: Jöhl Alexander , Ehrbar Stefanie , Guckenberger Matthias , Klöck Stephan , Mack Andreas , Meboldt Mirko , Zeilinger Melanie , Tanadini‐Lang Stephanie , Schmid Daners Marianne 
Published: September 2019

AbstractIntroductionIntrafractional motion can cause substantial uncertainty in precision radiotherapy. Traditionally, the target volume is defined to be sufficiently large to cover the tumor in every position. With the robotic treatment couch, a real‐time motion compensation can improve tumor coverage and organ at risk sparing. However, this approach poses additional requirements, which are systematically developed and which allow the ideal robotic couch to be specified.Methods and materialsData of intrafractional tumor motion were collected and analyzed regarding motion range, frequency, speed, and acceleration. Using this data, ideal couch requirements were formulated. The four robotic couches Protura, Perfect Pitch, RoboCouch, and RPSbase were tested with respect to these requirements.ResultsThe data collected resulted in maximum speed requirements of 60 mm/s in all directions and maximum accelerations of 80 mm/s2 in the longitudinal, 60 mm/s2 in the lateral, and 30 mm/s2 in the vertical direction. While the two robotic couches RoboCouch and RPSbase completely met the requirements, even these two showed a substantial residual motion (40% of input amplitude), arguably due to their time delays.ConclusionThe requirements for the motion compensation by an ideal couch are formulated and found to be feasible for currently available robotic couches. However, the performance these couches can be improved further regarding the position control if the demanded speed and acceleration are taken into account as well.
Architected Polymer Foams via Direct Bubble Writing
Authors: Visser Claas Willem , Amato Dahlia N. , Mueller Jochen , Lewis Jennifer A. 
Published: September 2019

AbstractPolymer foams are cellular solids composed of solid and gas phases, whose mechanical, thermal, and acoustic properties are determined by the composition, volume fraction, and connectivity of both phases. A new high‐throughput additive manufacturing method, referred to as direct bubble writing, for creating polymer foams with locally programmed bubble size, volume fraction, and connectivity is reported. Direct bubble writing relies on rapid generation and patterning of liquid shell–gas core droplets produced using a core–shell nozzle. The printed polymer foams are able to retain their overall shape, since the outer shell of these bubble droplets consist of a low‐viscosity monomer that is rapidly polymerized during the printing process. The transition between open‐ and closed‐cell foams is independently controlled by the gas used, while the foam can be tailored on‐the‐fly by adjusting the gas pressure used to produce the bubble droplets. As exemplars, homogeneous and graded polymer foams in several motifs, including 3D lattices, shells, and out‐of‐plane pillars are fabricated. Conductive composite foams with controlled stiffness for use as soft pressure sensors are also produced.
Materials Databases: The Need for Open, Interoperable Databases with Standardized Data and Rich Metadata
Authors: Coudert François‐Xavier 
Published: September 2019

AbstractDriven by the recent rapid increase in the number of materials databases published (open and commercial), some perspectives on the growing need for standardized, interoperable, open databases are discussed here. The field of computational materials discovery is quickly expanding, and recent advances in data mining, high‐throughput screening, and machine learning highlight the potential of open databases.
Successful Implementation of a Resident Liaison to Medical Students in Emergency Medicine Rotations
Authors: Bod Jessica , Tsyrulnik Alina , Coughlin Ryan , Della‐Giustina David , Goldflam Katja 
Published: September 2019

AbstractBackgroundAs the role of the resident‐as‐teacher grows, some residents are inspired to develop themselves early as leaders in education while in training. We describe the successful implementation of a resident liaison (RL) to medical students in emergency medicine (EM) as a way to develop resident leaders in medical education.MethodsThis position was implemented to develop interested residents as leaders in medical education and to provide medical students access to an EM physician who is closer to their training level and may be more approachable than the clerkship director. RLs are mentored by the clerkship director and are involved in curricular programming and education research.ResultsThis innovation has strengthened our student EM rotations and has provided residents with a unique opportunity to explore a career in medical education. Residents have made tangible contributions to our educational programming in this role and have pursued careers in medical education. The program has been recognized as a “best practice” by students and the school of medicine.ConclusionsThe RL initiative has conferred significant benefits to residents and medical students. Implementation of a RL program may benefit EM rotations outside of our institution and perhaps outside of the EM specialty.
An Americium‐Containing Metal–Organic Framework: A Platform for Studying Transplutonium Elements
Authors: Ridenour J. August , Surbella Robert G. , Gelis Artem V. , Koury Daniel , Poineau Frederic , Czerwinski Kenneth R. , Cahill Christopher L. 
Published: September 2019

AbstractThe synthesis, structure, and spectroscopic characterization of the first transplutonium metal–organic framework (MOF) is described. The preparation and structure of Am‐GWMOF‐6, [Am2(C6H8O4)3(H2O)2][(C10H8N2)], is analogous to that of the isostructural trivalent lanthanide‐only containing material GWMOF‐6. The presented MOF architecture is used as a platform to probe Am3+ coordination chemistry and guest‐enhanced luminescent emission, whereas the framework itself provides a means to monitor the effects of self‐irradiation upon crystallinity over time. Presented here is a discussion of these properties and the opportunities that MOFs provide in the structural and spectroscopic study of actinides.
Tunable Reduction of 2,4,6‐Tri(4‐pyridyl)‐1,3,5‐Triazine: From Radical Anion to Diradical Dianion to Radical Metal–Organic Framework
Authors: Tang Shuxuan , Ruan Huapeng , Feng Rui , Zhao Yue , Tan Gengwen , Zhang Li , Wang Xinping 
Published: September 2019

AbstractThe reduction of 2,4,6‐tri(4‐pyridyl)‐1,3,5‐triazine (TPT) with alkali metals resulted in four radical anion salts (1, 2, 4 and 5) and one diradical dianion salt (3). Single‐crystal X‐ray diffraction and electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR) spectroscopy reveal that 1 contains the monoradical anion TPT.− stacked in one‐dimensional (1D) with K+(18c6) and 2 can be viewed as a 1D magnetic chain of TPT.−, while 4 and 5 form radical metal‐organic frameworks (RMOFs). 1D pore passages, with a diameter of 6.0 Å, containing solvent molecules were observed in 5. Variable‐temperature EPR measurements show that 3 has an open‐shell singlet ground state that can be excited to a triplet state, consistent with theoretical calculation. The work suggests that the direct reduction approach could lead to the formation of RMOFs.
Chalkogenbrückenkatalyse einer Nitro‐Michael‐Reaktion
Authors: Wonner Patrick , Dreger Alexander , Vogel Lukas , Engelage Elric , Huber Stefan M. 
Published: September 2019

AbstractChalkogenbrücken sind nicht‐kovalente Wechselwirkungen zwischen Lewis‐aziden Chalkogensubstituenten und Lewis‐Basen. Hierin präsentieren wir die erste Anwendung dikationischer, Tellur‐basierter Chalkogenbrückendonoren als Katalysatoren in einer Nitro‐Michael‐Reaktion zwischen trans‐β‐Nitrostyrol und Indolen. Dies ist außerdem die erste Aktivierung einer Nitro‐Gruppe durch Chalkogenbrücken (und Halogenbrücken). Die Katalysatoren zeigten eine mehr als 300‐fache Beschleunigung der Reaktionsgeschwindigkeit im Vergleich zu stark Lewis‐sauren Wasserstoffbrückendonoren. Durch mehrere Vergleichsexperimente, Titrationen und DFT‐Rechnungen konnte die Aktivierung des Nitrostyrols durch Chalkogenbrücken nachgewiesen werden.
CRISPR/Cas‐mediated Fubp1 silencing disrupts circadian oscillation of Per1 protein via downregulating Syncrip expression
Authors: Kim Tae‐Jun , Sung Jae Hun , Shin Jae‐Cheon , Kim Do‐Yeon 
Published: September 2019

AbstractMost living organisms have physiological and behavioral circadian rhythms controlled by molecular clocks. In mammals, several core clock genes show self‐perpetuating oscillation profiles of their messenger RNAs (mRNAs) and proteins through an auto‐regulatory transcription–translation feedback loop (TTFL). As a critical component in the molecular clock system, Period 1 (Per1) contributes to the maintenance of circadian rhythm duration predominantly in peripheral clocks. Alterations in Per1 expression and oscillating patterns lead to the development of cancers as well as circadian rhythm abnormalities. In this study, we demonstrate that the phasic profile of Per1 protein was clearly disrupted in CRISPR/Cas‐mediated Fubp1‐deficient cells. Although Fubp1 does not show rhythmic expression, Fubp1 upregulates the mRNA and protein level of Syncrip, the main post‐transcriptional regulator of Per1 protein oscillation. In addition to the diverse physiological functions of Fubp1, including cell‐cycle regulation and cellular metabolic control, our results suggest new roles for Fubp1 in the molecular clock system.
Multiple Quantum Coherences Hyperpolarized at Ultra‐Low Fields
Authors: Buckenmaier Kai , Scheffler Klaus , Plaumann Markus , Fehling Paul , Bernarding Johannes , Rudolph Matthias , Back Christoph , Koelle Dieter , Kleiner Reinhold , Hövener Jan‐Bernd , Pravdivtsev Andrey N. 
Published: September 2019

AbstractThe development of hyperpolarization technologies enabled several yet exotic NMR applications at low and ultra‐low fields (ULF), where without hyperpolarization even the detection of a signal from analytes is a challenge. Herein, we present a method for the simultaneous excitation and observation of homo‐ and heteronuclear multiple quantum coherences (from zero up to the third‐order), which give an additional degree of freedom for ULF NMR experiments, where the chemical shift variation is negligible. The approach is based on heteronuclear correlated spectroscopy (COSY); its combination with a phase‐cycling scheme allows the selective observation of multiple quantum coherences of different orders. The nonequilibrium spin state and multiple spin orders are generated by signal amplification by reversible exchange (SABRE) and detected at ULF with a superconducting quantum interference device (SQUID)‐based NMR system.
Robust, Scalable Synthesis of the Bulky Hagfeldt Donor for Dye‐Sensitized Solar Cells
Authors: Baumann Alexandra , Watson Jonathon , Delcamp Jared H. 
Published: September 2019

AbstractThe bulky triarylamine group commonly referred to as the “Hagfeldt donor” is a key building block found in many of the organic dyes used in dye‐sensitized applications such as dye‐sensitized solar cells (DSCs). This building block has gained popularity owing to its presence in many of the best‐performing DSC devices reported to date, which use dyes containing this donor group. The Hagfeldt donor provides a desirable 3‐dimensional structure that aids in surface protection of electrons injected into the semiconductor from oxidants in the electrolyte, allowing for record‐setting cobalt‐ and copper‐based redox shuttles to be utilized more frequently. However, the synthesis of this molecule has proven unreliable for many routes. This study concerns a novel, reliable and scalable five‐step synthesis of the Hagfeldt donor.
Continuous dielectrophoretic particle separation via isomotive dielectrophoresis with bifurcating stagnation flow
Authors: Shkolnikov Viktor , Xin Daisy , Chen Chien‐Hua 
Published: September 2019

AbstractWe present a novel technique for continuous label‐free separation of particles based on their dielectrophoretic crossover frequencies. Our technique relies on our unique microfluidic geometry which performs hydrodynamic focusing, generates a stagnation flow with two outlets, and simultaneously produces an isomotive dielectrophoretic field via wall‐situated electrodes. To perform particle separation, we hydrodynamically focus particles onto stagnation streamlines and use isomotive dielectrophoretic force to nudge the particles off these streamlines and direct them into appropriate outlets. Focusing particles onto stagnation streamlines obviates the need for large forces to be applied to the particles and therefore increases system throughput. The use of isomotive (spatially uniform) dielectrophoretic force increases system reliability. To guide designers, we develop and describe a simple scaling model for the particle separation dynamics of our technique. The model predicts the range of particle sizes that can be separated as well as the processing rate that can be achieved as a function of system design parameters: channel size, flow rate, and applied potential. Finally, as a proof‐of‐principle, we use this technique to separate polystyrene bead and cell mixtures of the same diameters as well as mixtures of both particles with varying diameters.
Use of bioreactor systems in the propagation of forest trees
Authors: Vidal Nieves , Sánchez Conchi 
Published: September 2019

AbstractPlant biotechnology can be used to conserve the germplasm of natural forests, and to increase the productivity and sustainability of plantations. Both goals imply working with mature trees, which are often recalcitrant to micropropagation. Conventional in vitro culture uses closed containers and gelled medium with sugar supplementation. Bioreactor culture uses liquid medium and usually incorporates aeration. The increased absorption of nutrients via the liquid medium together with the renewal of the air inside the bioreactors may improve the physiological state of the explants. In this review, we will explore the feasibility of using bioreactors to overcome the recalcitrance of many trees to micropropagation and/or to decrease the cost of large‐scale propagation. We will focus on the recent use of bioreactors during the multiplication, rooting (plant conversion in the case of somatic embryos), and acclimation stages of the micropropagation of axillary shoots and somatic embryos of forest trees (including some shrubs of commercial interest), in both temporary and continuous immersion systems. We will discuss the advantages and the main obstacles limiting the widespread implementation of bioreactor systems in woody plant culture, considering published scientific reports and contributions from the business sector.