bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Beam heating explains critical current suppression measured during ion irradiation of REBCO tapes
Authors: Devitre A R , Fischer D X , Riva N , Rae M , Kortman L D , Woller K B , Fisher Z L , Short M P , Whyte D G , Hartwig Z S 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
Reports of critical current (

I

c

) suppression during cryogenic ion irradiation of rare earth barium copper oxide (REBCO) tapes have raised concerns for the operational margins of fusion power plant (FPP) magnets. However, the data remain inconclusive regarding beam heating due to the difficulty of measuring local temperatures with contact probes. This leaves a critical knowledge gap concerning the mechanism behind

I

c

suppression, and whether the so-called beam on effect is to be expected under neutron irradiation during FPP operation. In this paper, we show that

I

c

suppression is independent of atomic displacement rate in the REBCO layer, the latter of which increases twelve-fold as we reduce the ion energy from 2400 to 800 keV. At fixed power, we observe statistically identical suppression with 150 keV protons, which do not have enough energy to reach the REBCO layer, refuting hypotheses about beam on effects being caused by nuclear displacements or direct ion-Cooper pair interactions. These results show that REBCO temperature rise alone can explain

I

c

suppression, leaving little to no margin for alternative mechanisms. With this insight, we developed a method to measure beam spot temperature that does not depend on the specific installation of our temperature sensor. With this new method, we measured the temperature gradient across the tape during irradiation and found that thermal resistance at the tape/target interface is the controlling variable in

I

c

suppression. As such, accelerator-based facilities aiming to reproduce the operation of REBCO magnets in a nuclear fusion environment should find strategies to minimize interface thermal resistance. Most importantly, we find that the dose rates expected in a FPP will not change

I

c

due to ballistic radiation damage or ion-Cooper pair interactions, allowing us to safely ignore these effects when designing FPP magnets.
Extended state observer based adaptive fuzzy sliding mode control for multi-motor systems
Authors: Wu Jia-Meng , Huang Xin , Liu Cheng-Lin 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
This paper focuses on the tracking and synchronization control of multi-motor systems and proposes an adaptive fuzzy sliding mode control approach based on an extended state observer. First, a nonsingular sliding mode controller is designed by using the coupling error of multi-motor systems, ensuring that the error converges to a smaller region within a fixed time. Second, fuzzy logic system takes the role of the control signal's discontinuous switching term, which allows the system to adaptively modify its parameters and successfully lessen chattering. Finally, to handle the system's inherent uncertainties and external disturbances, an extended state observer is constructed and integrated into the controller, with its stability proven via the Lyapunov function. Comparative experiments demonstrate that the proposed controller outperforms traditional controllers in terms of control accuracy and response speed.
Inertia of decomposable entanglement witnesses
Authors: Chen Lin , Jiang Bohan 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
We investigate the inertia (i.e., the array of numbers of negative, zero and positive eigenvalues of an Hermitian matrix) of decomposable entanglement witnesses (EWs). We show that the 2 × n and two-qutrit decomposable EWs have the same inertias as those of non-positive-transpose (NPT) EWs. We also show that if an m × n EW W has inertia (p, a

p
, mn − p − a

p
) with p≥1, then for every integer b ∈ [0, a

p
], then we can find an EW W

b
such that InW

b
= (p, b, mn − p − b). If W is a decomposable (resp. NPT) EW, then we can choose W

b
as also a decomposable (resp. NPT) EW. We further show that the m × n decomposable EW with the maximum number of negative eigenvalues can be chosen as an NPT EW. Then we explicitly characterize the 2 × 3 EWs, and decomposable EWs P
Γ + Q with positive semidefinite matrices P of rank one and Q. We also show that a 2 × 4 non-decomposable EW has no inertia (3, 2, 3). Then we show some properties of a 2 × 4 non-decomposable EW of inertia (2, 3, 3), if it exists.
Trajectory-dependent highly charged ion-induced electron yield from single-layer graphene
Authors: Niggas A , Aumayr F , Wilhelm R A 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
We study the neutralisation dynamics of highly charged ions by transmission through a free-standing single layer of graphene in dependence of the particle trajectory. Both the secondary electron yield and the neutralisation of the ion increase for increasing scattering angles (smaller impact parameters). This supports the current understanding of highly charged ion deexcitation, according to which the presence of an interatomic deexcitation mechanism with improved efficiency in the proximity of neighbours is necessary in addition to intraatomic radiative- and non-radiative decay pathways.
Dual-core photonic crystal fiber based surface plasmon resonance for refractive index and temperature sensing and polarization filtering
Authors: Ullah Sajid , Chen Hailiang , Li Kaifeng , Pei Menglei , Hu Linchuan , Zhang Sa , Wang Chun , Guo Pengxiao , Li Shuguang 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
A dual-core photonic crystal fiber (PCF) based surface plasmon resonance (SPR) sensor for measuring refractive index (RI) and temperature sensing and polarization filtering performance, is presented in this paper. The proposed sensor’s cladding upper polished surface was coated with a gold film for refractive index sensing (RI) while lower polished surface with a composite film of silver and polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) for temperature sensing. Proposed sensor was designed and simulated using finite element method (FEM) through commercially available Comsol Multiphysics software. Wavelength sensitivity of 18400 nm/RIU along with resolution of 5.43 × 10−6 RIU and amplitude sensitivity of 150.74 RIU−1 were obtained for core 1 as RI sensing, while wavelength sensitivity of 12.0 nm °C−1 along with resolution of 8.33 × 10−3 °C for core 2 as temperature sensing. It has a maximum loss of 30822 dB m−1 towards Y-polarization which makes it ideal for polarization filtering, as Y has a higher loss than X-polarization. An extinction ratio (ER) of −92.31 dB at a transferring length of 3 mm was obtained showing its polarization filtering capabilities. Overall results indicate that our sensor is highly sensitive for both RI and temperature sensing and expected to perform better in polarization filtering performances. Its wide detection range in RI combined with temperature sensing increases its potential applications in the medical, chemical, environmental, and biosensor detection industry.
On the one-classical-bit quantum teleportation
Authors: Taufiqi Muhammad , Purwanto Agus , Subagyo Bintoro Anang 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
This study re-evaluates Parakh’s one-classical-bit quantum teleportation protocol, in which the proposed protocol replaces the traditional two-classical-bit requirement with a reset procedure, resulting in only one classical bit. However, if the input (to-be-teleported) state is unknown, the reset procedure cannot always work effectively, thereby limiting the protocol’s performance. This study modifies the protocol by adding simple CNOT operations, which ensures that the reset procedure always works properly even when the input state is unknown. We also compute the upper bound of the teleportation success probability and the classical bit resource cost inequality using the one-classical-bit protocol. Finally, we simulate the protocol in Qiskit and discuss the results.
Exploring Hasimoto surfaces within equiform geometry in Minkowski space
Authors: Elsharkawy Ayman 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
In this study, we investigate the equiform geometry of Hasimoto surfaces within the context of three-dimensional Minkowski space. We analyze the geometric characteristics inherent to these surfaces, focusing on their Gaussian and mean equiform curvatures. This analysis encompasses three distinct scenarios involving non-lightlike curves. Additionally, we propose a method for characterizing the parameter curves associated with the equiform Hasimoto surfaces in Minkowski space. To illustrate our findings, we present several examples of these surfaces within this geometric framework.
Obtaining the multiple Debever null directions
Authors: Sáez Juan Antonio , Mengual Salvador , Ferrando Joan Josep 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
The explicit expression of the multiple Debever null directions of an algebraically special spacetime are obtained in terms of the electric and magnetic parts of the Weyl tensor. An algorithm for the determination of the Petrov-Bel type and the algorithm to obtain the multiple Debever null directions are implemented as functions of a new package of xAct, a Mathematica suite of packages for tensor manipulations. These functions are applied to two examples.
Investigating the effects of ultrasonic assistance on TIG welding of AA7075 alloys: a machine learning-based optimization study using RSM-PSO
Authors: A Dhilip , Nampoothiri Jayakrishnan 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
This study explores the impact of ultrasonic assistance on TIG welding of AA7075 alloys, leveraging a machine learning-based optimization approach combining Response Surface Methodology (RSM) and Particle Swarm Optimization (PSO). A central composite design matrix was developed to investigate the effects of process parameters on microhardness and weld defects. A predictive model was constructed, utilizing process parameters as inputs and microhardness as the output. PSO optimization was then applied, followed by experimental validation. The model demonstrated high accuracy, with R-squared values of 0.9808 and 0.9862 for conventional and ultrasonic-assisted TIG welding. Confirmation tests showed an error margin of less than 1%. The optimal process parameters under ultrasonic vibration were identified as welding current (50.38 A), gas flow rate (12.42 l min−1), and filler material (ER5356). The predicted microhardness (153.16 HV) closely matched the actual value (150.71 HV), with an error of 1.6%. Tensile and fractography analyses further validated the optimized welding parameters. This research showcases the potential of integrating ultrasonic vibration with RSM-PSO optimization to enhance weld quality and mechanical properties of AA7075 alloy joints, offering valuable insights for industrial applications.
TRMD: a transformer-based reverse design model for quad-band metasurface absorbers
Authors: Ma Jindong , Ma Zihang , Li Muyang , Li Yujie , Tan Benying , Ding Shuxue 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
Metasurfaces have the ability to manipulate electromagnetic waves, which allows for the creation of functions such as perfect absorbers. The goal of a perfect absorber is to achieve high absorption peaks within a specific frequency band. This paper introduces an improved metasurface absorber structure that can achieve efficient absorption in four different frequency bands within the range of 2-9 GHz. In the field of metasurface design, deep learning methods have been recently applied due to their powerful data processing capabilities. However, these methods have primarily used fully connected neural networks and Long Short-Term Memory (LSTM). Despite their capabilities, fully connected networks and LSTM struggle to capture the global information in absorption spectrum data, leading to less accurate predictions. In this study, it was observed that the Transformer model can effectively capture global information using Multi-Head Self-Attention (MHSA) and is not affected by the length of the data. Based on this observation, this paper presents a lightweight model consisting solely of an encoder, achieving a Mean Squared Error (MSE) that is one-twentieth of the State-of-the-Art (SOTA). This model predicts metasurface structure based on target absorption spectra, enabling users to rapidly obtain metasurface absorber structures directly from input absorption spectra. The model consists of two parts: embedding and encoder. The embedding processes input absorption spectra data and adds positional encoding, while the encoder extracts spectral data features. MHSA effectively captures contextual information of absorption spectra, emphasizing key feature information. The final model achieved a MSE convergence of 2 × 10−4 and a coefficient of determination (R
2)value of 0.998, successfully optimizing the design of multi-band metasurface absorbers. Moreover, the predicted results from the model exhibit an absorption spectrum that is highly consistent with the target spectrum.
Investigation of structural, magnetic, and dielectric properties of BaFe12O19/Pr1−xSrxCoyMn1−yO3 composites; an emerging aspirant for high frequency applications
Authors: Younus Sidra , Murtaza G , Alhummiany Haya , Hassan M , Al-Anazy Murefah Mana , Mahmood Q , Yousef El Sayed , Alshomrany Ali S 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
In this work, barium hexaferrite/perovskite BaFe12O19/Pr1-xSrxCoyMn1-yO3 composite ferrites were synthesized using single step sol–gel auto-combustion method. The lattice parameters and stabilized structural phases were studied using x-ray diffraction (XRD). The average crystallite size was found in the range of 51.6 nm–71.7 nm. Field Emission Scanning Electron Microscopy (FE-SEM) micrographs showed agglomerated particles having hexagonal as well as platelets like spherical shapes. Magnetic measurements done using vibrating sample magnetometer revealed that composite S3 (BaFe12O19/Pr0.75Sr0.25Co0.25Mn0.75O3) exhibits low saturation magnetization (35.3 emu g−1), and coercivity (775 Oe). Dielectric analysis revealed that, at 1 MHz frequency, the tangent loss (1.3) and dielectric loss (22.5) are highest for the composite S3 (BaFe12O19/Pr0.75Sr0.25Co0.25Mn0.75O3), whereas largest dielectric constant (20.7) was exhibited by S4 (BaFe12O19/Pr0.5Sr0.5Co0.5Mn0.5O3). Similarly, composite S2 (BaFe12O19/PrMnO3) (having the highest quality factor of 4.05) exhibited the largest resistivity (18885.8 Ω-cm), while composite S3 (BaFe12O19/Pr0.75Sr0.25Co0.25Mn0.75O3) showed highest AC conductivity (0.00125 (Ω-cm)−1). The investigated composites are found excellent choice for designing devices for applications involving high-frequency interference and electromagnetic shielding due to their unique magnetic and dielectric properties.
Teleparallel geometry with spherical symmetry: the diagonal and proper frames
Authors: van den Hoogen R.J. , Forance H. 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
We present the proper co-frame and its corresponding (diagonal) co-frame/spin connection pair for spherically symmetric geometries which can be used as an initial ansatz in any theory of teleparallel gravity. The Lorentz transformation facilitating the move from one co-frame to the other is also presented in factored form. The factored form also illustrates the nature of the two degrees of freedom found in the spin connection. The choice of coordinates in restricting the number of arbitrary functions is also presented. Beginning with a thorough presentation of teleparallel gravity using the metric affine gauge theory approach and concentrating on f(T) teleparallel gravity, we express the field equations in the diagonal co-frame. We argue that the choice of diagonal co-frame may be more advantageous over the proper co-frame choice. Finally, assuming one additional symmetry, we restrict ourselves to the Kantowski-Sachs teleparallel geometries, and determine some solutions.
Efficient hybrid technique for generating sub-grid haloes in reionization simulations
Authors: Barsode Ankur , Choudhury Tirthankar Roy 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
Simulating the distribution of cosmological neutral hydrogen (HI) during the epoch of
reionization requires a high dynamic range and is hence computationally expensive. The size of the
simulation is dictated by the largest scales one aims to probe, while the resolution is determined
by the smallest dark matter haloes capable of hosting the first stars. We present a hybrid
approach where the density and tidal fields of a large-volume, low-resolution simulation are
combined with small haloes from a small-volume, high-resolution box. By merging these two boxes of
relatively lower dynamic range, we achieve an effective high-dynamic range simulation using only
13% of the computational resources required for a full high-dynamic range simulation. Our method
accurately reproduces the one- and two-point statistics of the halo field, its cross-correlation
with the dark matter density field, and the two-point statistics of the HI field computed using a
semi-numerical code, all within 10% accuracy at large scales and across different redshifts. Our
technique, combined with semi-numerical models of reionization, provides a resource-efficient tool
for modeling the HI distribution at high redshifts.
Observation of Weibel magnetic fields in laser-produced interpenetrating flows
Authors: Shi 施 Chuanqi 川奇 , Yuan 袁 Dawei 大伟 , Sun 孙 Wei 伟 , Zhang 张 Yapeng 雅芃 , Qiu 邱 Zhijie 志杰 , Wei 魏 Huigang 会冈 , Zhang 张 Zhe 喆 , Yuan 远 Xiaohui 晓辉 , Zhao 赵 Gang 刚 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
Weibel instability is a promising candidate mechanism for collisionless shock formation in astrophysical systems. Capturing the underlying physics of Weibel instability will help us to understand the astrophysical shock formation, magnetic field generation and amplification, particle acceleration, and so on. Laboratory astrophysics, provides a new way to study these microphysics in controlled conditions. At Shenguang-II laser facility, the interpenetrating plasma flows are generated by eight laser beams irradiating a pair of opposing foils to mimic the supernova explosion and the ejecta sweeping up the surrounding medium. Evolution of collisionless interpenetrating plasma flows is observed using optical diagnostics. Filamentary structures appear in the interaction region and the associated magnetic strength is measured about 40 T. Theoretical analysis and simulations indicate that these characteristics are induced by nonlinear Weibel instability.
Constrain the Jerk Parameters with DESI 2024 Data
Authors: Wu Jia-Wei , Hong Kun-Yuan 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
The deceleration coefficient q and the jerk coefficient j obtained by the Taylor expansion of the scale factor a(t) play an important role in the study of cosmology. The current value of these coefficients for a cosmological model reflects the transition time between the phases dominated by dark energy and matter and can be used to determine if and how much the universe is decelerating. Thus, these coefficient values offer a way of constraining a particular cosmology model. Research based on this scenario was completed by Orlando Luongo and Marco Muccino. However, some approaches in this method should be tested prudently because some conditions such as

dd

L

dz

>
0

and

dH

dz

>
0

may not be guaranteed. In this study, we used the MAPAge model to reconstruct the jerk parameters (q
0 and j
0) with DESI 2024 data. Using the MAPAge model ensures particular physical circumstances are satisfied in the approach of determining the jerk parameters. Compared to the previous method, which used the Taylor expansion series q
0, j
0, and s
0 as model-independent parameters, we obtained more physical and slightly different results for the jerk parameters. Our results suggest that the DESI 2024 BAO data set favours different jerk parameters compared to the jerk parameters in the standard ΛCDM model.
A Method to Assess the Applicability and Accuracy of the Modified Gaussian Model (MGM) on the Rock Samples’ Spectral Interpretation
Authors: Gao Fang , Liu Bin , Zhou Qin , Li Chun-Lai 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
The Chang’e-4 mission obtained spectral data of multiple rock targets on the lunar surface. The Modified Gaussian Model (MGM) is usually applied to the spectral interpretation of powder samples, its applicability and accuracy on the rock targets remain to be further evaluated. The rock slice of lunar meteorite NWA 4734 is used to conduct comprehensive analysis of the petrography, mineralogy and laboratory spectroscopy, which will provide important ground truth for the MGM interpretation of lunar in situ spectra of rock samples. First, a scanning electron microscope (SEM), Energy Dispersive Spectrometer (EDS), and Electron Probe Micro-Analyzer (EPMA) analysis results indicate that: (1) almost all plagioclase in NWA 4734 have been converted to maskelynites, which indicate that the meteorite has undergone severe impact metamorphism; (2) the chemical composition of pyroxene and olivine is significantly heterogeneous, showing a distribution characteristic of magnesium-rich core and iron-rich rim, further indicating that NWA 4734 has undergone multiple crystallization and differentiation. Second, this article focuses on the rock slice of NWA 4734's greyscale image of the Back Scattering Electron (BSE), and obtains the proportion of High-Calcium Pyroxene (HCP) in the total pyroxenes of this sample by calculating the area percentage using the pixel counting method. The result shows that the proportion of HCP is 72% ± 5.4%, which can be used as a ground truth to evaluate the interpretation applicability and accuracy of MGM. A field spectrometer (ASD) is used to measure the visible and near-infrared reflectance spectra (450–2500 nm) of the rock slice from NWA 4734 in the same area as the BSE image obtained by SEM, and MGM is used to deconvolve the ASD spectra, and the average proportion of HCP is estimated to be 71% ± 10.1%. The results between the MGM and the pixel counting are comparable within the error range, which demonstrates the applicability of MGM on interpretation of the rock samples on the lunar surface.