bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Pan‐cancer genomic analyses reveal prognostic and immunogenic features of the tumor melatonergic microenvironment across 14 solid cancer types
Authors: Lv Jia‐Wei , Zheng Zi‐Qi , Wang Zi‐Xian , Zhou Guan‐Qun , Chen Lei , Mao Yan‐Ping , Lin Ai‐Hua , Reiter Russel J. , Ma Jun , Chen Yu‐Pei , Sun Ying 
Published: January 2019

AbstractWe performed comprehensive genomic analyses of the melatonergic system within the tumor microenvironment and their clinical relevance across a broad spectrum of solid tumors. RNA‐seq data from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) of 14 solid tumors representing 6658 human samples were analyzed. The tumor melatonergic system was characterized by the rates of melatonin synthesis and metabolism using a two‐gene expression model (melatonin synthesis/metabolism Index). We calculated three indexes according to different melatonin metabolism isoenzymes (Index‐I [ASMT:CYP1A1], Index‐II [ASMT:CYP1A2], and Index‐III [ASMT:CYP1B1]). Samples of each cancer type were classified into two subgroups (high vs low) based on median values. Clinical outcomes, mutational burden, and neoepitope abundance were analyzed and compared. We found that the ability of the tumor microenvironment to synthesize and accumulate melatonin varied across cancer types and negatively correlated with tumor burden. Kaplan‐Meier survival analyses and multivariable modeling showed that the three indexes played different roles across different cancers and harbored prognostic values in breast cancer (adjusted hazard ratio [AHR]Index‐II = 0.65 [0.44‐0.97]; P = 0.03), cervical cancer (AHRIndex‐I = 0.62 [0.39‐0.98]; P = 0.04), lung squamous cell carcinoma (AHRIndex‐III = 0.75 [0.56‐0.99]; P = 0.04), melanoma (AHRIndex‐I = 0.74 [0.55‐0.98]; P = 0.04), and stomach adenocarcinoma (AHRIndex‐III = 0.68 [0.41‐0.94]; P = 0.02). We further investigated its clinical relevance with tumor immunogenic features (mutational burden and neoantigen abundance), which may predict immunotherapy benefits. We observed significant negative correlations with mutational burden in the majority of tumors (P < 0.05), except cervical cancer, pancreatic adenocarcinoma, and thyroid carcinoma. Our study provides a systematic overview of the oncostatic values of the melatonergic system and highlights the utilization of this simple and promising gene signature as a prognosticator and potential predictor of response to immunotherapy.
Metabolomics discloses potential biomarkers to predict the acute HVPG response to propranolol in patients with cirrhosis
Authors: Reverter Enric , Lozano Juan J. , Alonso Cristina , Berzigotti Annalisa , Seijo Susana , Turon Fanny , Baiges Anna , Martínez‐Chantar Mari L. , Mato José M. , Martínez‐Arranz Ibon , La Mura Vincenzo , Hernández‐Gea Virginia , Bosch Jaume , García‐Pagán Juan C. 
Published: January 2019

AbstractBackgroundIn cirrhosis, a decrease in hepatic venous pressure gradient (HVPG) > 10% after acute iv propranolol (HVPG response) is associated with a lower risk of decompensation and death. Only a part of patients are HVPG responders and there are no accurate non‐invasive markers to identify them. We aimed at discovering metabolomic biomarkers of HVPG responders to propranolol.MethodsSixty‐six patients with cirrhosis and HVPG ≥ 10 mm Hg in whom the acute HVPG response to propranolol was assessed, were prospectively included. A targeted metabolomic serum analysis using ultrahigh‐performance liquid chromatography coupled to mass spectrometry was performed. Different combinations of 2‐3 metabolites identifying HVPG responders (HVPG reduction > 10%) were obtained by stepwise logistic regression. The best of these model (AUROC, Akaike criterion) underwent internal cross‐validation and cut‐offs to classify responders/non‐responders was proposed.ResultsA total of 41/66 (62%) patients were HVPG responders. Three hundred and eighty‐nine metabolites were detected and 177 were finally eligible. Eighteen metabolites were associated to the HVPG response at univariate analysis; at multivariable analysis, a model including a phosphatidylcholine (PC(P‐16:0/22:6)) and a free fatty acid (20:2(n‐6), eicosadienoic acid) performed well for HVPG response, with an AUROC of 0.801 (0.761 at internal validation). The cut‐off 0.629 was the most efficient for overall classification (49/66 patients correctly classified). Two cut‐off values allowed identifying responders (0.688, PPV 84%) and non‐responders (0.384, NPV 82%) with undetermined values for 17/66 patients. Clinical variables did not add to the model.ConclusionsThe combination of two metabolites helps at identifying HVPG responders to acute propranolol. It could be a useful non‐invasive test to classify the HVPG response to propranolol.
Shocked quartz in polymict impact breccia from the Upper Cretaceous Yallalie impact structure in Western Australia
Authors: Cox Morgan A. , Cavosie Aaron J. , Ferrière Ludovic , Timms Nicholas E. , Bland Phil A. , Miljković Katarina , Erickson Timmons M. , Hess Brian 
Published: January 2019

AbstractYallalie is a ~12 km diameter circular structure located ~200 km north of Perth, Australia. Previous studies have proposed that the buried structure is a complex impact crater based on geophysical data. Allochthonous breccia exposed near the structure has previously been interpreted as proximal impact ejecta; however, no diagnostic indicators of shock metamorphism have been found. Here we report multiple (27) shocked quartz grains containing planar fractures (PFs) and planar deformation features (PDFs) in the breccia. The PFs occur in up to five sets per grain, while the PDFs occur in up to four sets per grain. Universal stage measurements of all 27 shocked quartz grains confirms that the planar microstructures occur in known crystallographic orientations in quartz corresponding to shock compression from 5 to 20 GPa. Proximity to the buried structure (~4 km) and occurrence of shocked quartz indicates that the breccia represents either primary or reworked ejecta. Ejecta distribution simulated using iSALE hydrocode predicts the same distribution of shock levels at the site as those found in the breccia, which supports a primary ejecta interpretation, although local reworking cannot be excluded. The Yallalie impact event is stratigraphically constrained to have occurred in the interval from 89.8 to 83.6 Ma based on the occurrence of Coniacian clasts in the breccia and undisturbed overlying Santonian to Campanian sedimentary rocks. Yallalie is thus the first confirmed Upper Cretaceous impact structure in Australia.
Exploring the variability of argon loss in Apollo 17 impact melt rock 77135 using high‐spatial resolution40Ar/39Ar geochronology
Authors: Mercer Cameron M. , Hodges Kip V. , Jolliff Bradley L. , Van Soest Matthijs C. , Wartho Jo‐Anne , Weirich John R. 
Published: January 2019

Abstract40Ar/39Ar incremental heating experiments on whole‐rock lunar samples commonly provide evidence of varying degrees of radiogenic40Ar (40Ar*) loss. However, these experiments provide limited information about whether or not40Ar* is preferentially lost from specific glasses, minerals, or polyphase domains. Ultraviolet laser ablation microprobe (UVLAMP)40Ar/39Ar dating and electron probe microanalysis of mineral clasts and polyphase melt assemblages in Apollo 17 poikilitic impact melt rock 77135 show evidence of geochemical controls on40Ar/39Ar dates. Potassium‐rich glass and K‐feldspar in the mesostasis are the dominant sources for Ar released during low‐temperature steps of published40Ar/39Ar release spectra for this rock, while pyroxene oikocrysts with enclosed plagioclase chadacrysts contribute Ar predominantly to intermediate‐ to high‐temperature steps. Additionally,UVLAMPanalysis of a mm‐scale plagioclase clast demonstrates the potential to use stranded40Ar* diffusive loss profiles to constrain the thermal evolution of lunar impact melt deposits and indicates that the melt component of 77135 cooled quickly. While some submillimeter clasts of plagioclase are distinctly older than the melt, other small clasts yield dates younger than the oldest melt components in 77135, plausibly due to subgrain fast diffusion pathways and/or40Ar* loss during brief episodes of reheating at high temperatures. Our data suggest that integrated petrologic and microanalytical geochronologic studies are necessary complements to bulk sample geochronologic studies in order to fully evaluate competing models for the impactor flux during the first billion years of the Moon's evolution.
Whence the Sovereignty?
Authors: Kemp Matthew 
Published: January 2019

AbstractThis essay challenges an approach to political theology, exemplified by Clayton Crockett, that insists that divine sovereignty must be rejected to avoid the conception of political sovereignty developed by Carl Schmitt. Crockett conflates different understandings of God and God’s power, particularly ignoring the rise of nominalism and its influence over modern political theory. By attending to this history, we see that Crockett is incorrect to reject all classical onto‐theological or monotheistic definitions of God as the basis for sovereignty. The final section explores other theological options (Oliver O’Donovan, John Milbank, Jürgen Moltmann) that also challenge modern political sovereignty from within the classical Christian tradition.
Allometric scaling of seed retention time in seed dispersers and its application to estimation of seed dispersal potentials of theropod dinosaurs
Authors: Yoshikawa Tetsuro , Kawakami Kazuto , Masaki Takashi 
Published: January 2019

Seed retention time (SRT), the time interval between seed ingestion and defaecation, is a critical parameter that determines the spatial pattern of seed dispersal created by an animal, and is therefore, an essential component of trait‐based modelling of seed dispersal functions. However, no simple predictive model of SRT for any given animal exists.We explored the linkage between animal traits and SRT. We collected previously published data on mean SRT for 112 species of birds, mammals, reptiles and fishes and investigated the general allometric scaling of mean SRT with body mass for each taxon. Moreover, we analysed the effects of food habit and digestive strategy on mean SRT for birds and mammals.In general, mean SRT increased with body mass in all four taxa, whereas the pattern of allometric scaling varied greatly among the taxa. Birds had a smaller intercept and larger slope than those of mammals, whereas reptiles had a much larger intercept and smaller slope than those of either birds or mammals. For birds, food habit was also detected as an important factor affecting SRT. We applied the allometric scaling that was obtained for birds to estimate mean SRT of extinct Mesozoic dinosaurs (Theropoda) – few of which are assumed to have acted as seed dispersers. SRT for large carnivorous theropods was estimated to be 4–5 days, when considering only body mass.The present study provides allometric scaling parameters of mean SRT for a variety of seed‐dispersing animals, and highlights large variations in scaling among taxa. The allometric scaling obtained could be a critical component of further trait‐based modelling of seed dispersal functions. Further, the potential and limitations of the scaling of animal SRT with body mass and a future pathway to the development of trait‐based modelling are discussed.
The Big Five and Southern Legislative Distinctiveness
Authors: Turner Joel F. , Kash Jeffrey P. , Lasley Scott 
Published: January 2019

ObjectivePrevious research has found that southern state legislators demonstrate more progressive ambition than their nonsouthern counterparts. This presents an interesting puzzle with regard to why this difference exists. In this article, we apply the Five‐Factor Model (conscientiousness, agreeableness, neuroticism, openness, and extraversion) to investigate whether regional personality differences exist that can help explain why southern legislators exhibit greater levels of progressive ambition than nonsouthern legislators.MethodsData from a national survey of state legislator are analyzed using ordinal regression.ResultsOur findings show that higher levels of extraversion and openness among the legislators are directly related to greater levels of political ambition. More specifically, southern legislators appear to possess disproportionately higher levels of extraversion and openness than their nonsouthern counterparts. This helps explain the greater levels of progressive ambition they express.ConclusionsIn addition to providing insight into progressive ambition, the results reinforce the notion of southern distinctiveness among state legislatures.
D‐Licensing in Adjectival Passives
Authors: Hallman Peter 
Published: January 2019

AbstractThis article argues that in addition to the familiar Case licensing requirement known as the ‘Case Filter’, nominal arguments (DPs) are subject to a requirement that I refer to as ‘D‐licensing’, construed as a requirement of DPs themselves. It is claimed that this notion of D‐licensing is useful in the characterization of restrictions on adjectival participle formation. Adjectival participles fail to license the full complement frame of the corresponding verb not because they fail to assign Case, but because they lack D‐licensing structure.
Ambiguous Labeling and Full Interpretation
Authors: Mizuguchi Manabu 
Published: January 2019

AbstractSyntactic objects constructed by Merge are label‐less and are identified or labeled by a labeling algorithm called Label for interpretation at the interfaces. It has been argued that the set of the form {{XP}, {YP}} (or simply,XP‐YP) incurs labeling ambiguity and cannot be labeled unless [i] eitherXPorYPmoves out or [ii] X and Y agree. This paper considers labeling ofXP‐YPand argues that labeling ambiguity can be tolerated, causing no labeling failure. I claim thatXP‐YPcan be labeled either 〈X〉 or 〈Y〉, which is a natural consequence of minimal computation. The well‐formedness of labeling is attributable to theCIinterface (or conditions imposed by theCIsystem), with syntax not caring about the outcome of labeling. I show that ambiguous labeling is empirically supported and removes unwanted stipulations on labeling.
Clinical analysis and nonsurgical management of 11 dogs with aural cholesteatoma
Authors: Imai Akihiro , Kondo Hirotaka , Suganuma Tsunenori , Nagata Masahiko 
Published: January 2019

BackgroundAural cholesteatomas, also called tympanokeratomas, are destructive and expansile growths of keratinizing epithelium that develop in the middle ear. They have been reported sporadically in dogs, and surgery is usually the recommended treatment.ObjectivesTo describe the common clinical, radiological and histological findings of cholesteatoma; to report on the outcome of conservative management.AnimalsEleven dogs (13 ears) with cholesteatomas.Methods and materialsMedical records were reviewed for dogs diagnosed with cholesteatoma between 2012 and 2018. All dogs had computed tomography (CT) and/or magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) followed by trans‐canal endoscopic procedure (TEP) for removal and biopsy of middle ear lesions. Dogs were then treated with in‐clinic flushing initially weekly tapered to monthly, as well as at‐home ear cleaning and application of topical otic steroid medication, initially daily then tapered to once or twice weekly.ResultsNine dogs had a history of chronic otitis externa; head tilt or facial paralysis was present in seven and four cases, respectively. Otic examination identified a protruding nodule in seven ears.CTdemonstrated soft tissue‐like material in 12 bullae and expansion in seven bullae.MRIrevealed minimally contrast‐enhancing bulla contents in 12 ears. Post‐TEPand with maintenance medical treatment, nine ears had no further signs of middle ear disease during a mean follow‐up of 27.9 months.Conclusions and clinical importanceThe results suggest that otitis externa may not necessarily precede cholesteatoma in all dogs.MRIappears to be more sensitive thanCTfor identifying cholesteatomas. Conservative treatment of cholesteatomas could be useful before or as an alternative to surgery.
Adaptation and evaluation of a monopolar electrosurgical triangle‐tip knife for transendoscopic ventriculocordectomy in healthy horses
Authors: Suarez‐Fuentes David G. , Tatarniuk Dane M. , Caston Stephanie S. , Bell Chris D. , Loinaz Ricardo J. , Hostetter Jesse M. 
Published: January 2019

AbstractObjectiveTo evaluate the efficacy and safety of a transendoscopic monopolar electrosurgical triangle‐tip knife as instrumentation to perform unilateral ventriculocordectomy (VC) in healthy adult horses.Study designIn vivo experimental study.Study populationNine horses donated for medical conditions unrelated to respiratory system.MethodsThe triangle‐tip knife was applied in contact fashion. Left VC was performed under standing sedation. Endoscopic images of the upper airway were graded for inflammation by 2 masked surgeons preoperatively and immediately, 24 hours and, in 2 cases, 7 and 14 days postoperatively. Four larynxes were examined for histological evidence of inflammation and collagen deposition at 24 hours (n = 2) and at 14 days (n = 2) after surgery.ResultsVentriculocordectomy was successfully performed in all horses. Endoscopic evidence of inflammation was scored as normal (preoperatively), mild (immediately postoperatively), mild (24 hours postoperatively), mild (7 days postoperatively), and normal (14 days postoperatively). According to histopathology, inflammation of the surgical site and ventricularis muscle was generally increased (variable is common and is present in most high‐power fields) 24 hours and 14 days postoperatively. Fibrosis and collagen deposition also seemed increased at the surgical site 14 days postoperatively.ConclusionVentriculocordectomy was successfully performed with an electrosurgical triangle‐tip knife and resulted in acceptable short‐term outcomes.Clinical significanceThe use of an electrosurgical triangle‐tip knife alternative instrumentation may be offer an alternative option to perform VC in practices when diode laser is not available or is cost prohibitive. Longer term evaluation of the VC site is required to determine the effect on rima glottic cross‐sectional area.
Pump Replacement at a Critical 63 Year Old Pump Station
Authors: Greaves Thomas H. 
Published: January 2019

The pump station at Kinder Morgan Canada’s (KMC) Kamloops facility has been in operation for 60+ years. In that time the four parallel pumps in the facility have each moved an estimated 1 billion barrels of crude oil, gasoline and diesel from the Sherwood Park area of Alberta and the oil fields of NE British Columbia to the west coast of Canada and into Washington State.
This paper describes the innovative project (see Figure 1 above) where the four existing multi-stage parallel pumps at the Kamloops facility were replaced with two single stage series pumps.
This paper assumes the reader has a working knowledge of pump hydraulics.
A detailed list of all acronyms used within this paper is located at the end of the document under the heading entitled “Nomenclature”.
Ensuring Pipeline Risk Model Usability
Authors: Alfano Tony , Weichel Megan 
Published: January 2019

Equally important to choosing the correct pipeline risk modeling approach is ensuring the identified risks are properly managed through a fully integrated risk management program. Implementing the most sophisticated risk modeling algorithm on the market will not help a company manage their risks if the model and associated program are not usable to the company. The role of a framework is to provide specific guidance to support other company programs by referencing applicable management system elements and outlining additional elements specific to the program itself. A successful risk management framework sets the groundwork for effective risk management by ensuring the risk management program is integrated into the company in a way in which all relevant stakeholders benefit from its use.
This paper outlines common pipeline risk management framework elements and their links to the Pipeline Safety Management System elements set forth in API RP 1173. As the development of such a framework is often an iterative process, prioritized aspects are identified for companies undertaking the development of such a system.
‘We’re Still Hitting Things’: The Effectiveness of Third Party Processes for Pipeline Strike Prevention
Authors: McDermott Vanessa , Hayes Jan 
Published: January 2019

High-pressure gas pipelines are vulnerable to damage in the course of building or maintaining other infrastructure, such as roads, water pipelines, electricity or telecommunications cabling. Unlike other countries, there has never been a death or serious injury from a high-pressure gas pipeline strike in Australia and yet external interference continues to be the most common cause of pipeline damage despite a range of technical and legislative measures in place. This research project aims to enhance the safety strategies regarding third party pipeline strikes by giving the pipeline sector a greater understanding of the motivations and priorities of those who work around pipeline assets and so how to work with them to achieve better outcomes.
Using data gathered from more than 70 in-depth interviews, we explore empirically alternate understandings of risk amongst a range of stakeholders and individuals that are responsible in some way for work near or around high-pressure gas transmission pipelines in Australia. Outside the pipeline sector, much of the work around pipelines is conducted by those at the bottom of long chains of contractors and sub-contractors. We discuss perceptions of risk held by a range of third party actors whose activities have the potential to threaten gas pipeline integrity. We compare these views with gas pipeline industry perceptions of risk, couched in terms of asset management, public safety, legal and insurance obligations, and reputation management.
This paper focuses on how financial risk and so also management of the potential for pipeline strikes is shifted down the third party contractor chain. Added to this, incentives for timely project completion can unintentionally lead to situations where the potential for third party contractors to strike pipelines increases. The data shows that third party contractors feel the time and cost impact of design or project changes most immediately. Consequently, strikes or near misses may result as sub-contractors seek to avoid perceived ‘unnecessary’ time delays along with the associated financial impact. We argue that efforts to reduce the potential for pipeline strike need to be targeted at structural changes, rather than simply aimed at worker risk perception and enforcement of safety compliance strategies.