bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Analysis of the Donggala-Palu Tsunami Characteristics based on Rupture Duration (Tdur) and Active Fault Orientation using the HC-plot Method
Authors: Priadi Ramadhan , Wijaya Angga , Pasaribu Maria Annaluna , Yulinda Riska 
Published: October 2019

September 28th, 2018, Donggala-Palu earthquake M 7.5 occurred at depth of 12 km and generated tsunami to be released off the coast in Palu Bay. The tsunami that occurred in Palu was very interesting because the results of the earthquake source mechanism Palu had a type of strike-slip fault that should not have generated a tsunami. This study purpose to estimate the characteristics of the Donggala-Palu tsunami based on rupture duration ( and orientation fault activated using the HC-plot method. The data used in this study are data waveforms from 17 seismic stations and CMT Global catalog data with the area of research 0.87 0 N-1.78 0S dan 118.640E- 120.95 0E. The waveform data used is a phase P-PP vertical component signal with a Bandpass-filter 1-5 Hz for determination . The fastest rupture duration from the earthquake source is obtained from the calculation of each station. Delay time measurement after P wave for 90% (T0.9), 80% (T0.8), 50% (T0.5), dan 20% (T0.2) from its peak value. Then the HC-plot method is used to estimate the orientation of generator fault Palu earthquake and the direction of rupture from the focal mechanism. From the results of processing obtained 2 pairs of seismic stations with almost the same distance but with different azimuths. The fastest rupture duration is at BBSI station with value of 82.014 s and distance from station to epicenter . So that the rupture direction is in the azimuth from the north. The result of fault orientation was obtained hypocenter distance to the centroid for nodal plane 1 is 6.32 km and nodal plane 2 is 30.17 km with distance centroid to hypocenter is 31.22 km. So in Palu earthquake, the tsunami generator fault was in nodal plane 1 with direction north-south. Criteria obtained indicate that the Palu earthquake M 7.5 has potential for a tsunami because of its value has meet ≥ 65 s, but from the result of the focal mechanism direction field not passing through the Palu bay is thought to be another parameter that generates a tsunami and Palu koro fault line uncharted.
Caracterização morfométrica: estudo de caso da bacia hidrográfica do Riacho dos Grossos, Paraíba, Brasil
Authors: Lacerda Gleyton Lopes Barboza , Firmino Lílian de Queiroz , Sá Ana Cecilia Novaes de , Rocha Neto Olávio , Silva Viviane Farias 
Published: October 2019

A análise morfométrica é largamente utilizada na obtenção de informações sobre a dinâmica e comportamento de um ambiente natural, sendo de grande importância nos estudos geomorfológicos e ambientais. Este trabalho foi realizado objetivando-se determinar as características morfométricas da bacia hidrográfica do Riacho dos Grossos, Paraíba, Brasil. Foi usado sistema de informações geográficas (SIG) por intermédio do software QGIS 2.14.11, permitindo assim realizar o georreferenciamento e as análises espaciais de bases vetoriais e matriciais. Um arcabouço de índices morfométricos foram calculados, constatando de forma significativa as potencialidades dessas tecnologias. A área da bacia foi de 718,51 km2 e perímetro de 182,9 km. Entre os resultados pode-se destacar que a bacia hidrográfica do Riacho dos Grossos possui baixa suscetibilidade de enchentes, parâmetros com características de uma bacia alongada e uma drenagem regular.
Deep learning for quality prediction of nonlinear dynamic processes with variable attention‐based long short‐term memory network
Authors: Yuan Xiaofeng , Li Lin , Wang Yalin , Yang Chunhua , Gui Weihua 
Published: October 2019

AbstractIndustrial processes are often characterized with high nonlinearities and dynamics. For soft sensor modelling, it is important to model the nonlinear and dynamic relationship between input and output data. Thus, long short‐term memory (LSTM) networks are suitable for quality prediction of soft sensor modelling. However, they do not consider the relevance of different input variables with the quality variable. To address this issue, a variable attention‐based long short‐term memory (VA‐LSTM) network is proposed for soft sensing in this paper. In VA‐LSTM, variable attention is designed to identify important input variables according to their relevance with quality prediction. After that, different attention weights are calculated and assigned to further obtain a weighted input sample at each time step. Finally, the LSTM network is exploited to capture the long‐term dependencies of the weighted input time series to predict the quality variable. The performance of the proposed modelling method is validated on an industrial debutanizer column and a hydrocracking process.
The responses of human gingival fibroblasts to magnesium‐doped titanium
Authors: Zhu Yu , Zhang Chu‐nan , Gu Ying‐xin , Shi Jun‐yu , Mo Jia‐ji , Qian Shu‐jiao , Qiao Shi‐chong , Lai Hong‐chang 
Published: October 2019

AbstractThe titanium (Ti) implant is widely used in implant dentistry; yet peri‐implantitis has always been one of the most common and serious complications. Here, we demonstrated that magnesium‐doping would be an effective way of enhancing the integration between implant surfaces and gingival tissues, which is critical to peri‐implant health. The magnesium (2.76–6.35 at %) was immobilized onto the titanium substrate by a magnesium plasma immersion ion implantation (Mg‐PIII) technique. Mg‐PIII treatments did not alter surface topographies of the original titanium substrate but improved its hydrophilicity. The in vitro study including cell viability, adhesion, proliferation, migration, and real‐time polymerase chain reaction assays disclosed improved adhesion, proliferation, migration, and extracellular matrix remodeling abilities of human gingival fibroblasts (HGFs) on the magnesium‐doped titanium. The results of western blot suggested that the Mg‐modified titanium induced the phosphorylation of AKT through the activation of PI3K. Our results revealed that magnesium‐doping would potentially enhance soft tissue sealings by promoting cellular functions of HGFs in a dose‐dependent manner, boding well for its applications on surfaces of implant necks in early peri‐implant soft tissue integrations.
In vitro and in vivo biocompatibility assessment of free radical scavenging nanocomposite scaffolds for bone tissue regeneration
Authors: Dulany Krista , Hepburn Katie , Goins Allison , Allen Josephine B. 
Published: October 2019

AbstractBone is the second most transplanted tissue in the world, resulting in increased demand for bone grafts leading to the fabrication of synthetic scaffold grafting alternatives. Fracture sites are under increased oxidative stress after injuries, affecting osteoblast function and hindering fracture healing and remodeling. To counter oxidative stress, free radical scavenging agents, such as cerium oxide nanoparticles, have gained traction in tissue engineering. Toward the goal of developing a functional synthetic system for bone tissue engineering, we characterized the biocompatibility of a porous, bioactive, free radical scavenging nanocomposite scaffold composed of poly(1,8 octanediol‐co‐citrate), beta‐tricalcium phosphate, and cerium oxide nanoparticles. We studied cellular and tissue compatibility utilizing in vitro and in vivo models to assess nanocomposite interactions with both human osteoblast cells and rat subcutaneous tissue. We found the scaffolds were biocompatible in both models and supported cell attachment, proliferation, mineralization, and infiltration. Using hydrogen peroxide, we simulated oxidative stress to study the protective properties of the nanocomposite scaffolds via a reduction in cytotoxicity and recovered mineralization of osteoblast cells in vitro. We also found after implantation in vivo the scaffolds exhibited biocompatible properties essential for successful scaffolds for bone tissue engineering. Cells were able to infiltrate through the scaffolds, the surrounding tissues elicited a minimal immune response, and there were signs of scaffold degradation after 30 days of implantation. After the array of biological characterization, we had confirmed the development of a nanocomposite scaffold system capable of supporting bone‐remodeling processes while providing a protective free radical scavenging effect.
Effects of Citrulline Supplementation on Body Weight in Patients With Hepatobiliary Pancreatic Surgery
Authors: Yang Jin A. , Lee Kyung Eun , Park Ji Hyun , Yee Jeong , Kim Jae Youn , Gwak Hye Sun 
Published: October 2019

AbstractBackgroundMany health benefits have been proposed for citrulline, but they lack evidence based on human research. This study was to evaluate whether an oral citrulline supplement affects body weight changes and laboratory values in patients with hepatobiliary and pancreatic surgery.MethodsPatients who underwent hepatobiliary and pancreatic surgery during January to June 2015 were screened for analysis. Patients using citrulline during hospital stay and at discharge were classified as the citrulline group, whereas those without any records of citrulline were designated as the control group. The primary efficacy outcome was the change in body weight at discharge and at first outpatient visit. Other outcomes included change in laboratory values.ResultsA total of 138 patients were included in analysis. Citrulline group and control group did not differ with respect to baseline characteristics except for white blood cell count. Percent in change of body weight and body mass index from discharge to first outpatient visit was significantly different between the 2 groups, showing less weight loss in citrulline group than in controls (−0.8 ± 2.7% vs −2.5 ± 3.8%, P < 0.05). Especially in men, citrulline use significantly affected weight loss from the multivariate analysis (P < 0.05); percent change in weight in citrulline group was predicted to increase by 2.1 units. During hospital stay, significant differences between the 2 groups were found in changes of cholesterol and protein levels.ConclusionCitrulline supplement reduced weight loss in surgical patients during recovery.
VarSite: Disease variants and protein structure
Authors: Laskowski Roman A. , Stephenson James D. , Sillitoe Ian , Orengo Christine A. , Thornton Janet M. 
Published: October 2019

AbstractVarSite is a web server mapping known disease‐associated variants from UniProt and ClinVar, together with natural variants from gnomAD, onto protein 3D structures in the Protein Data Bank. The analyses are primarily image‐based and provide both an overview for each human protein, as well as a report for any specific variant of interest. The information can be useful in assessing whether a given variant might be pathogenic or benign. The structural annotations for each position in the protein include protein secondary structure, interactions with ligand, metal, DNA/RNA, or other protein, and various measures of a given variant's possible impact on the protein's function. The 3D locations of the disease‐associated variants can be viewed interactively via the 3dmol.js JavaScript viewer, as well as in RasMol and PyMOL. Users can search for specific variants, or sets of variants, by providing the DNA coordinates of the base change(s) of interest. Additionally, various agglomerative analyses are given, such as the mapping of disease and natural variants onto specific Pfam or CATH domains. The server is freely accessible to all at: https://www.ebi.ac.uk/thornton-srv/databases/VarSite.
Engineering of Saccharomyces cerevisiae for the production of (+)‐ambrein
Authors: Moser Sandra , Leitner Erich , Plocek Thomas J. , Vanhessche Koenraad , Pichler Harald 
Published: October 2019

AbstractThe triterpenoid (+)‐ambrein is the major component of ambergris, a coprolite of the sperm whale that can only be rarely found on shores. Upon oxidative degradation of (+)‐ambrein, several fragrance molecules are formed, amongst them (−)‐ambrox, one of the highest valued compounds in the perfume industry. In order to generate a Saccharomyces cerevisiae whole‐cell biocatalyst for the production of (+)‐ambrein, intracellular supply of the squalene was enhanced by overexpression of two central enzymes in the mevalonate and sterol biosynthesis pathway, namely the N‐terminally truncated 3‐hydroxy‐3‐methylglutaryl‐CoA reductase 1 (tHMG) and the squalene synthase (ERG9). In addition, another key enzyme in sterol biosynthesis, squalene epoxidase (ERG1) was inhibited by an experimentally defined amount of the inhibitor terbinafine in order to reduce flux of squalene towards ergosterol biosynthesis while retaining sufficient activity to maintain cell viability and growth. Heterologous expression of a promiscuous variant of Bacillus megaterium tetraprenyl‐β‐curcumene cyclase (BmeTC‐D373C), which has been shown to be able to catalyse the conversion of squalene to 3‐deoxyachillol and then further to (+)‐ambrein resulted in production of these triterpenoids in S. cerevisiae for the first time. Triterpenoid yields are comparable with the best microbial production chassis described in literature so far, the methylotrophic yeast Pichia pastoris. Consequently, we discuss similarities and differences of these two yeast species when applied for whole‐cell (+)‐ambrein production.
“The World in a Small Rectangle”: Spatialities in Monika Fagerholm’s Novels
Authors: Lahdenperä Hanna 
Published: October 2019

AbstractThis chapter explores the different spaces, places and spatialities in Finland-Swedish author Monika Fagerholm’s (b. 1961) novels. Real geographical places and their fictional counterparts, or places that vaguely resemble them, are layered. Places that may already exist in literature are given new layers of meaning, and modified versions of places dislodge the connection between the fictional place and its referent. In these places, Fagerholm’s characters frequently go further than merely being in or inhabiting. They take possession of a place, use it for their own purposes and create new spatialities, which often extend beyond the place itself. Thus, space and place are conflated and form an extended, mental spatiality which is characteristic of Fagerholm’s novels.
The Poetics of Blank Spaces and Intervals in Selected Works of Elisabeth Rynell
Authors: Wischmann Antje 
Published: October 2019

AbstractThis chapter investigates the phenomenon of textual spatiality, in other words the conceptual, material-medial and typographical dimension of select printed texts. In this chapter I take Elisabeth Rynell’s poetry collection I mina hus (2006) and its blank-space technique as my point of departure. Rynell’s specific treatment of embodied text and layout and her systematic switching between points of view stimulate readers’ awareness of both composition and poetic self-reflection. I mina hus compares dwelling, writing and reading as experiences of life that are analogous to inscriptions. The author draws on modernist traditions, her poetry taking inspiration from early modernism and from models that thematize form, formal systems and typography.
Resettlement strategies and Han imperial expansion into southwest China: a multimethod approach to colonialism and migration
Authors: Wu Xiaotong , Hein Anke , Zhang Xingxiang , Jin Zhengyao , Wei Dong , Huang Fang , Yin Xijie 
Published: October 2019

AbstractDiscussions on colonialism are pervasive in western scholarship but are hardly ever applied to the archeology of China. The present paper shows how concepts of colonialism and migration research can be successfully applied to understand Han imperial expansion into southwest China and how the Chinese material can in turn contribute to developing theories and methods of colonialism research further. Taking the Shamaoshan cemetery as a case study, the present paper combines archeological, textual, environmental, and isotope data to gain insights into strategies and processes of Han imperial expansion into southwest China. The insights gained here show that the long-accepted story-line of simple “Sinicization” and political control is far from accurate. Instead, it took over a century of cross-cultural exchange with immigrants and locals adopting each other’s customs to varying degrees. While in the beginning the Han seem to have taken a top-down approach to “civilizing” the region through their elites, the present study suggests that in the end it was the lower levels of society that intermingled most intensively and helped integrate migrants and locals successfully. Moving away from the exclusive focus on exceptional graves and large sites, the present study thus shows the great value of approaching small, poorly equipped graves with new methods, combining isotope research with a nuanced analysis of burial remains. Evaluated together with the evidence from the well-known exceptional graves, lesser-known settlement material, and historical accounts, the Shamaoshan case study has made it clear that various types of contact, colonial and otherwise, play out quite differently within different social groups and historical situations. This study thus proposes a multisource, multimethod approach that moves away from a narrative dominated by the history-writing elite segments of the colonizing force to a multivoiced account integrating local and outside perceptions at various social levels, an approach that might successfully be applied in other parts of the world.
Predicting incident dementia 3‐8 years after brief cognitive tests in the UK Biobank prospective study of 500,000 people
Authors: Calvin Catherine M. , Wilkinson Tim , Starr John M. , Sudlow Cathie , Hagenaars Saskia P. , Harris Sarah E. , Schnier Christian , Davies Gail , Fawns‐Ritchie Chloe , Gale Catharine R. , Gallacher John , Deary Ian J. 
Published: October 2019

AbstractIntroductionProspective studies reporting associations between cognitive performance and subsequent incident dementia have been subject to attrition bias. Furthermore, the extent to which established risk factors account for such associations requires further elucidation.MethodsWe used UK Biobank baseline cognitive data (n ≤ 488,130) and electronically linked hospital inpatient and death records during three‐ to eight‐year follow‐up, to estimate risk of total dementia (n = 1051), Alzheimer's disease (n = 352), and vascular dementia (n = 169) according to four brief cognitive tasks, with/without adjustment for constitutional and modifiable risk factors.ResultsWe found associations of cognitive task performance with all‐cause and cause‐specific dementia (P < .01); these were not accounted for by established risk factors. Cognitive data added up to 5% to the discriminative accuracy of receiver operating characteristic curve models; areas under the curve ranged from 82% to 86%.DiscussionThis study offers robust evidence that brief cognitive testing could be a valuable addition to dementia prediction models.
Transient Oscillations Near the Dayside Open‐Closed Boundary: Evidence of Magnetopause Surface Mode?
Authors: Kozyreva O. , Pilipenko V. , Lorentzen D. , Baddeley L. , Hartinger M. 
Published: October 2019

AbstractGeomagnetic pulsations in Pc5‐6 band (~3–20 min) are persistent feature of ULF activity at dayside high latitudes. Magnetopause surface eigenmodes may be suggested as potential mechanism of these pulsations. One might expect the ground response of these modes to be near ionospheric projection of the open‐closed field line boundary (OCB). Using data from instruments located at Svalbard we study transient geomagnetic response to impulsive “intrusion” of magnetosheath plasma into the dayside magnetosphere. These intrusions are triggered by modest changes of interplanetary magnetic field to southward, and observed as sudden shifts of equatorward red aurora boundary to lower latitudes and green line emission intensification. Each auroral disturbance is accompanied by burst of ~1.7–2.0‐mHz geomagnetic pulsations. Near‐cusp latitudinal structure of ULF pulsations is compared with instant location of equatorward boundary of the red aurora, assumed to be a proxy of the OCB. Optical OCB latitude has been identified using data from the meridian scanning photometer. The latitudinal maximum of the transient geomagnetic response tends to be located near disturbed OCB proxy, within the error ~1°–2° of the photometer and magnetometer methods. Recorded transient pulsations may be associated with the ground image of the magnetopause surface mode harmonic. Theoretical consideration indicates that after an initial excitation, surface large‐scale mode converts into localized Alfvén oscillations and thus can exist for limited time only. Therefore, MHD surface modes in realistic inhomogeneous plasma cannot be considered in isolation, but as a combined system of modes with discrete and continuous spectra with irreversible transformation between them.
Global Climate Model Ensemble Approaches for Future Projections of Atmospheric Rivers
Authors: Massoud E.C. , Espinoza V. , Guan B. , Waliser D.E. 
Published: October 2019

AbstractAtmospheric rivers (ARs) are narrow jets of integrated water vapor transport that are important for the global water cycle and also have large impacts on local weather and regional hydrology. Uniformly weighted multi‐model averages have been used to describe how ARs will change in the future, but this type of estimate does not consider skill or independence of the climate models of interest. Here, we utilize information from various model averaging approaches, such as Bayesian model averaging (BMA), to evaluate 21 global climate models from the Coupled Model Intercomparison Project Phase 5. Model ensemble weighting strategies are based on model independence and AR performance skill relative to ERA‐Interim reanalysis data and result in higher accuracy for the historic period, for example, root mean square error for AR frequency (in % of time steps) of 0.69 for BMA versus 0.94 for the multi‐model ensemble mean. Model weighting strategies also result in lower uncertainties in the future estimates, for example, only 20–25% of the total uncertainties seen in the equal weighting strategy. These model averaging methods show, with high certainty, that globally the frequency of ARs is expected to have average relative increases of ~50% (and ~25% in AR intensity) by the end of the century.