bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The impact of a national cardiotocography education program on neonatal and maternal outcomes: A historical cohort study
Authors: Thellesen Line , Bergholt Thomas , Sorensen Jette Led , Rosthoej Susanne , Hvidman Lone , Eskenazi Brenda , Hedegaard Morten 
Published: May 2019

AbstractIntroductionStudies indicate an association between errors in cardiotocography (CTG) management and hypoxic brain injuries among newborns. Continuing professional education is recommended. We aimed to examine whether the implementation of a national interprofessional CTG education program in Denmark was associated with a decrease in risk of fetal hypoxia measured by umbilical cord pH < 7.00, 5‐minute Apgar score <7 or neonatal therapeutic hypothermia. As a secondary aim, we assessed whether the educational intervention was associated with an increase in operative deliveries.Material and methodsWe conducted a historical cohort study from 2009 to 2015 including all intended vaginal deliveries with liveborn singletons in cephalic presentation and gestational age ≥37 weeks. Data were retrieved from the Medical Birth Register and the National Patient Register. The study period was divided in three: pre‐implementation (2009‐2012), implementation (2013) and post‐implementation (2014‐2015). Using logistic regression we estimated odds ratios (OR) of fetal hypoxia outcomes using the pre‐implementation period as reference. Analyses were adjusted for potential maternal, neonatal and delivery‐associated confounders. Missing data were accounted for by multiple imputation.ResultsIn all, 331 282 deliveries were included. Overall risks of pH < 7.00, Apgar score <7 and therapeutic hypothermia were respectively 0.45%, 0.58% and 0.06%. Adjusted OR in the post‐implementation period were 1.12 (95% confidence interval [CI] 1.00‐1.26), 0.99 (95% CI 0.90‐1.10) and 1.34 (95% CI 0.99‐1.82) for the three outcomes, respectively. The pH missingness equaled 12.4%. Odds of emergency cesarean section was unaltered, whereas the odds of assisted vaginal delivery decreased by 14% (0.86, 95% CI 0.84‐0.89).ConclusionsHealthcare professionals are considered the weakest link of CTG technology. We did not find that increasing healthcare professionals’ CTG interpretation skills affected the risk of fetal hypoxia. Missing data for pH values were substantial and represent a limitation of the study. We cannot with certainty rule out that missingness masked a true effect of the intervention. Our study indicates that assisted vaginal deliveries can be decreased without an increased risk of fetal hypoxia. Dilution of effect in a complex clinical setting, rare outcomes, insufficient intervention and a possible overestimation of the impact of errors in CTG management might explain the lack of effect.
Implant survival rate in calvarial bone grafts: A retrospective clinical study with 10 year follow‐up
Authors: Vinci Raffaele , Teté Giulia , Lucchetti Federico Raimondi , Capparé Paolo , Gherlone Enrico Felice 
Published: May 2019

AbstractBackgroundIn this study, we present medium‐ and long‐term data on implant survival in a cohort of patients with severe maxillary atrophy rehabilitated using reconstructive implant site development with calvarial bone grafts.Materials and MethodsWe obtained clinical records from patients treated with implant rehabilitation supported by calvaria bone grafts in the Oral Surgery Department of IRCSS San Raffaele (Milan, Italy). Implant and prosthetic survival and success rates were retrospectively evaluated. Graft survival and postoperative complications were also assessed.ResultsA total of 207 implants placed in 32 patients were evaluated for a mean period of 10.0 years from loading. After 10 years, the cumulative survival rate was 97.10%, the implant success rate was 92.75%, and the prosthetic complication rate was 9.76%. A graft survival percentage of 96.88% was observed, and postoperative complications occurred in 28.13% of cases.ConclusionsThe 10‐year survival rate and prosthetic complications for patients treated with implant rehabilitation supported by calvarial bone grafts are excellent, as implant loss was relatively rare, although limited subjects were available for the 10‐year follow‐up.
Early experiences of independent advocates for potential HIV+ recipients of HIV+ donor organ transplants
Authors: Bollinger Juli M. , Eno Ann , Seaman Shanti , Brown Diane , Van Pilsum Rasmussen Sarah E. , Tobian Aaron A. R. , Segev Dorry L. , Durand Christine M. , Sugarman Jeremy 
Published: May 2019

AbstractBackgroundHIV+ to HIV+ solid organ transplants in the United States are now legally permitted. Currently, these transplants must adhere to the HIV Organ Policy Equity (HOPE) Act Safeguards and Research Criteria that require the provision of an independent recipient advocate, a novel requirement for solid organ transplant programs. The objective of this study was to understand the experiences of the first advocates serving in this role.MethodsWe conducted semi‐structured interviews with 15 HOPE independent recipient advocates (HIRAs) from 12 institutions.ResultsAll HIRAs had a professional degree and experience in transplantation or infectious diseases. HIRAs' encounters with potential recipients varied in length, modality, and timing. The newness of the role and the lack of guidance were associated with unease among some HIRAs. Some questioned whether their role was redundant to others involved in transplantation and research since some potential recipients experienced informational fatigue.ConclusionsHOPE independent recipient advocates are ensuring the voluntariness of potential participants’ decision to accept an HIV‐infected organ. Many suggested additional guidance would be helpful and alleviate unease. Concerns about potential role redundancy raise the question of whether the HIRA requirement may be inadvertently increasing burden for potential recipients. Future work that captures the experiences of potential recipients is warranted.
Hematopoietic stem cell mobilization following PD‐1 blockade: Cytokine release syndrome after transplantation managed with ascorbic acid
Authors: Sindel Ariel , Taylor Trevor , Chesney Alden , Clark William , Fowler Alpha A. , Toor Amir A. 
Published: May 2019

AbstractCheckpoint inhibitor therapy is effective in the treatment of relapsed classical Hodgkin's Lymphoma. Here, we report a patient with relapsed Hodgkin's Lymphoma who received nivolumab prior to autologous stem cell mobilization. She went on to develop cytokine storm shortly following transplantation, with marked T‐cell proliferation coincident with myeloid engraftment. Non‐cardiogenic pulmonary edema and alveolar hemorrhage developed despite corticosteroid therapy. There was rapid and complete resolution of these complications with parenteral ascorbic acid infusion. Our case illustrates the risk of cytokine release syndrome following infusion of stem cells mobilized after checkpoint inhibitor therapy and the role of ascorbic acid in its management.
The Forgotten Semantics of Regression Modeling in Geography
Authors: Comber Alexis John , Harris Paul , Lü Yihe , Wu Lianhai , Atkinson Peter M. 
Published: May 2019

This article is concerned with the semantics associated with the statistical analysis of spatial data. It takes the simplest case of the prediction of variable y as a function of covariate(s) x, in which predicted y is always an approximation of y and only ever a function of x, thus, inheriting many of the spatial characteristics of x, and illustrates several core issues using “synthetic” remote sensing and “real” soils case studies. The outputs of regression models and, therefore, the meaning of predicted y, are shown to vary due to (1) choices about data: the specification of x (which covariates to include), the support of x (measurement scales and granularity), the measurement of x and the error of x, and (2) choices about the model including its functional form and the method of model identification. Some of these issues are more widely recognized than others. Thus, the study provides definition to the multiple ways in which regression prediction and inference are affected by data and model choices. The article invites researchers to pause and consider the semantic meaning of predicted y, which is often nothing more than a scaled version of covariate(s) x, and argues that it is naïve to ignore this.
Real‐time quality authentication of honey using atmospheric pressure chemical ionisation mass spectrometry (APCI‐MS)
Authors: ElMasry Gamal , Morsy Noha , Al‐Rejaie Salim , Ayed Charfedinne , Linforth Robert , Fisk Ian 
Published: May 2019

SummaryThe aim of this study was to use gas chromatography‐mass spectrometry (GC‐MS) and APCI‐MS techniques to detect adulteration in honey. The key volatile compounds in the headspace of the adulterated honey were marked by GC‐MS and their representative fragment ions were utilised in scanning honey samples using the real‐time APCI‐MS system. The PLS models validated using independent data sets resulted in coefficient of the determination () of 0.97 and 0.96 and root mean square error in prediction (RMSEP) of 2.62 and 2.45 for the GC‐MS and APCI‐MS data sets respectively. The most efficient volatiles from GC‐MS analysis and their corresponding fragment ions m/z from APCI‐MS data analysis were then identified and used to develop new PLS models to predict the level of adulteration. The best PLS model gave of 0.95 and RMEP of 2.60% in the independent validation set indicating that the model was very accurate in predicting the level of adulteration.
Biofilm formation by lactobacilli and resistance to stress treatments
Authors: Olszewska Magdalena A. , Nynca Anna , Białobrzewski Ireneusz 
Published: May 2019

SummaryWe investigated biofilm formation by six lactobacilli isolates and tested the resistance of biofilm and planktonic Lactobacillus plantarum B1 and Lactobacillus paracasei W1 to ethanol (ET) and acetic acid (AA). The viability of both isolates was considerably affected by ET, with a higher reduction observed in the planktonic cells, whereas AA was harmful only to L. paracasei W1. Cells that had intact (Syto® 9+PI−) and compromised (Syto® 9−PI+) membranes, and adopted intermediate states with different concentrations of the probes, i.e., Syto® 9+PI+ and Syto® 9−PI−, were identified following flow cytometry. We linked Syto® 9+PI+ to the planktonic cells and clarified on Syto® 9−PI− cells, which after being sorted could regain growth better in biofilm cells. Based on confocal laser scanning microscopy, numerous cells had damaged membranes in the ET‐treated biofilm, while half the cells in the AA‐treated biofilm maintained their membrane integrity.
Consumer perception of extruded snacks containing brown rice and dried mushroom
Authors: Tepsongkroh Benjarat , Jangchud Kamolwan , Jangchud Anuvat , Chonpracha Pitchayapat , Ardoin Ryan , Prinyawiwatkul Witoon 
Published: May 2019

SummaryEffects of mushroom type, seasoning and health benefit information (HBI) on consumers’ saltiness expectation, sensory liking, elicited emotions and purchase intent (PI) of extruded snacks were investigated. Five snacks were evaluated: straw mushroom (Volvariella volvacea) extrudates without (SME) or with seasoning (SMES), phoenix mushroom (Pleurotus pulmonarius) extrudates without (PME) or with seasoning (PMES), and the control without mushroom and seasoning. Hedonic scores and positive emotions were generally higher for seasoned mushroom‐containing snacks (SMES and PMES) with 65% and 75.83% of consumers reporting willingness to purchase, respectively, after receiving HBI. Bored, interested and satisfied were identified as significant emotional predictors for PI odds. Flavour, saltiness, overall liking, bored, good and interested were critical attributes, differentiating snacks. This study demonstrated that sensory liking and PI of extruded brown rice‐based snacks containing mushroom could be improved through savoury seasoning addition, which also allowed saltiness expectations to be met.
Similar but different: virtual memory CD8 T cells as a memory‐like cell population
Authors: Hussain Tabinda , Quinn Kylie M 
Published: May 2019

AbstractImmunological memory is a phenomenon where the immune system can respond more rapidly to pathogens and immunological challenges that it has previously encountered. It is defined by several key hallmarks. After an initial encounter, immune cells (1) expand and (2) differentiate to form memory cell populations. Memory cells are (3) long‐lived and (4) facilitate more rapid immune responses to subsequent infection because of (i) an increase in cell number, (ii) a decrease in the signaling threshold required for entry into cell cycle or effector function and (iii) localization of cells to tissue sites for surveillance. Classically, immunological memory has been antigen specific but it is becoming apparent that mechanisms of immunological memory can be co‐opted by innate or antigen‐inexperienced immune cells to generate heterogeneity in immune responses. One such cell is the virtual memory CD8 T (TVM) cell, which is a semi‐differentiated but antigen‐naïve CD8 T‐cell population. This review will summarize current knowledge of how TVM cells are generated, their memory‐like hallmarks, how they are maintained during steady state, infection and aging, and propose a model to integrate key signaling pathways during their generation.
Cricket's Raining Champion: Two Decades of Duckworth–Lewis (and Stern)
Authors: Duckworth Frank , Lewis Tony , Stern Steven 
Published: May 2019

AbstractWhen rain stops play in a cricket match, score targets are adjusted using the Duckworth-Lewis-Stern method. Twenty years after the original method was first approved for use in the Cricket World Cup, Frank Duckworth, Tony Lewis and Steven Stern recount the history and development of a game-changing idea
Phase relations in the ZrO2–La2O3–Gd2O3 system: Experimental studies and phase modeling
Authors: Stopyra Michał , Saenko Ivan , Ilatovskaia Mariia , Savinykh Galina , Fabrichnaya Olga 
Published: May 2019

AbstractThe phase relations in the ZrO2–La2O3–Gd2O3 ternary system were experimentally studied and thermodynamic modeling was performed. Selected compositions were synthesized using the co‐precipitation method, equilibrated at 1673 and 1873 K, and analyzed using X‐ray diffraction (XRD) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM/EDX). The phase transformations were investigated using differential thermal analysis (DTA), and the heat capacities of (La1 − xGdx)2Zr2O7 (x = 0.25, 0.50, 0.75) compounds were measured using differential scanning calorimetry (DSC). Experimental studies showed a substantial extension of the fluorite phase into the ternary system and solid‐state transformations involving phases A (hexagonal), fluorite, B (monoclinic), and pyrochlore at 1845 K (DTA). Additionally, thermodynamic modeling was performed using the CALPHAD (CALculation of PHAse Diagrams) approach. Comparing the new experimental data and the calculations based on ternary extrapolations of the binary systems revealed major inconsistencies. One source of inconsistencies was related to the calculated phase equilibria in the binary La2O3–Gd2O3 system. Additional experimental investigation of the binary system indicated an underestimated solubility of La2O3 in the B phase in the temperature range 1673‐1873 K. Based on these new data, the mixing parameters of the B phase were re‐assessed. The new experimental results for the ternary system were used to optimize the mixing parameters of the fluorite, B and C (cubic) phases. All new experimental data were well reproduced by the improved thermodynamic description of the ternary system.
Integrative analysis from multi‐centre studies identifies a function‐derived personalized multi‐gene signature of outcome in colorectal cancer
Authors: Sun Jie , Zhao Hengqiang , Lin Shuting , Bao Siqi , Zhang Yan , Su Jianzhong , Zhou Meng 
Published: May 2019

AbstractColorectal cancer (CRC) is highly heterogeneous leading to variable prognosis and treatment responses. Therefore, it is necessary to explore novel personalized and reproducible prognostic signatures to aid clinical decision‐making. The present study combined large‐scale gene expression profiles and clinical data of 1828 patients with CRC from multi‐centre studies and identified a personalized gene prognostic signature consisting of 46 unique genes (called function‐derived personalized gene signature [FunPGS]) from an integrated statistics and function‐derived perspective. In the meta‐training and multiple independent validation cohorts, the FunPGS effectively discriminated patients with CRC with significantly different prognosis at the individual level and remained as an independent factor upon adjusting for clinical covariates in multivariate analysis. Furthermore, the FunPGS demonstrated superior performance for risk stratification with respect to other recently reported signatures and clinical factors. The complementary value of the molecular signature and clinical factors was further explored, and it was observed that the composite signature called IMCPS greatly improved the predictive performance of survival estimation relative to molecular signatures or clinical factors alone. With further prospective validation in clinical trials, the FunPGS may become a promising and powerful personalized prognostic tool for stratifying patients with CRC in order to achieve an optimal systemic therapy.
MicroRNA‐638 inhibits human aortic valve interstitial cell calcification by targeting Sp7
Authors: Jiao Wenjie , Zhang Dongyang , Wang Dong , Xu Rongwei , Tang Linna , Zhao Min , Xu Rongjian 
Published: May 2019

AbstractCalcific aortic valve disease (CAVD) is a complex heart valve disease involving a wide range of pathological changes. Emerging evidence indicates that osteogenic differentiation of human aortic valve interstitial cells (hAVICs) plays a key role in valve calcification. In this study, we aimed to investigate the function of miR‐638 in hAVICs osteogenesis. Both miRNA microarray assay and qRT‐PCR results demonstrating miR‐638 was obviously up‐regulated in calcific aortic valves compared with non‐calcific valves. We also proved that miR‐638 was significantly up‐regulated during hAVICs osteogenic differentiation. Overexpression of miR‐638 suppressed osteogenic differentiation of hAVICs in vitro, whereas down‐regulation of miR‐638 enhance the process. Target prediction analysis and dual‐luciferase reporter assay confirmed that Sp7 transcription factor (Sp7) was a direct target of miR‐638. Furthermore, knockdown of Sp7 inhibited osteogenic differentiation of hAVICs, which is similar to the results observed in up‐regulation miR‐638. Our data indicated that miR‐638 plays an inhibitory role in hAVICs osteogenic differentiation, which may act by targeting Sp7. MiR‐638 may be a potential therapeutic target for CAVD.
Myeloid differentiation protein 1 protected myocardial function against high‐fat stimulation induced pathological remodelling
Authors: Shen Cai‐Jie , Kong Bin , Shuai Wei , Liu Yu , Wang Guang‐Ji , Xu Min , Zhao Jing‐Jing , Fang Jin , Fu Hui , Jiang Xiao‐Bo , Huang He 
Published: May 2019

AbstractMyeloid differentiation 1 (MD‐1) is a secreted protein that regulates the immune response of B cell through interacting with radioprotective 105 (RP105). Disrupted immune response may contribute to the development of cardiac diseases, while the roles of MD‐1 remain elusive. Our studies aimed to explore the functions and molecular mechanisms of MD‐1 in obesity‐induced cardiomyopathy. H9C2 myocardial cells were treated with free fatty acid (FFA) containing palmitic acid and oleic acid to challenge high‐fat stimulation and adenoviruses harbouring human MD‐1 coding sequences or shRNA for MD‐1 overexpression or knockdown in vitro. MD‐1 overexpression or knockdown transgenic mice were generated to assess the effects of MD‐1 on high‐fat diet (HD) induced cardiomyopathy in vivo. Our results showed that MD‐1 was down‐regulated in H9C2 cells exposed to FFA stimulation for 48 hours and in obesity mice induced by HD for 20 weeks. Both in vivo and in vitro, silencing of MD‐1 accelerated myocardial function injury induced by HD stimulation through increased cardiac hypertrophy and fibrosis, while overexpression of MD‐1 alleviated the effects of HD by inhibiting the process of cardiac remodelling. Moreover, the MAPK and NF‐κB pathways were overactivated in MD‐1 deficient mice and H9C2 cells after high‐fat treatment. Inhibition of MAPK and NF‐κB pathways played a cardioprotective role against the adverse effects of MD‐1 silencing on high‐fat stimulation induced pathological remodelling. In conclusion, MD‐1 protected myocardial function against high‐fat stimulation induced cardiac pathological remodelling through negative regulation for MAPK/NF‐κB signalling pathways, providing feasible strategies for obesity cardiomyopathy.
Effects of eradicating Helicobacter pylori on metachronous gastric cancer prevention: A systematic review and meta‐analysis
Authors: Fan Fangfang , Wang Zhe , Li Bing , Zhang Hongtao 
Published: May 2019

AbstractBackgroundHelicobacter pylori (H pylori) infection is closely associated with the incidence of gastric cancer. However, whether H pylori eradication prevents metachronous gastric cancer remains uncertain. The aim of our study is to assess how eradicating H pylori influences metachronous gastric cancer onset following treatment of early stage gastric cancer via endoscopic resective surgery.Patients and MethodsWe performed a systematic review and meta‐analysis by searching PubMed, Embase, Web of Science, and the Cochrane Library. Cohort studies and randomized controlled trials that compared individuals receiving H pylori eradication with individuals receiving placebo/nontreatment and evaluated the subsequent onset of metachronous gastric cancer as the main outcome were eligible for our study. Two authors reviewed articles and extracted data independently. Integrated results for all data were presented as risk ratio.ResultsThirteen studies containing 3863 patients were consistent with study inclusion criteria. Of the 2480 individuals in whom H pylori was successfully eradicated, 163 (6.57%) developed metachronous gastric cancer, as compared with 176 (12.73%) out of 1383 persistently infected individuals. The pooled risk ratio of metachronous gastric cancer for these studies was 0.46 (95% CI, 0.37‐0.57, P < .001), providing support for the therapeutic elimination of H pylori. Subgroup analyses yielded similar results.ConclusionEradicating H pylori via therapeutic treatment can effectively reduce rates of metachronous gastric cancer, and as such, it should be implemented in H pylori‐infected individuals recently treated for early stage gastric cancers via endoscopic resection.