bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
This Year in Jerusalem
Authors: Moore Arthur J. 
Published: September 2018

In a corridor of the royal palace in Amman, Jordan, there is a large photograph of King Hussein. Or rather three photographs within one frame, so arranged that as you walk by the picture keeps changing—in the manner of those pictures with a three-dimensional effect. This changing, multiple picture is a good metaphor for the Middle East, where things are very often more or less than they seem and where truth depends largely upon the angle of vision.Our group became aware of the relative nature of truth within forty-eight hours of the beginning of our trip. Warmly greeted at the Cairo airport by members of the Ecumenical Advisory Council (which includes Catholic, Orthodox and Protestant churches), launched upon an exhausting and impressive round of dinners and interviews with cabinet ministers, educators, journalists, and religious leaders, strolling by the Nile after a dinner at the Papal Nuncio's residence, we felt both important and welcome. Twelve hours later we were arrested as spies.
Notes on Theological Priorities
Authors: Casalis Georges 
Published: September 2018

Are the message, structures and socio-political implications of Christianity in harmony with the teaching, person and life of its Founder? To the degree that one of its functions is to examine this question critically at every moment, theology today is confronted with urgent revolutionary imperatives.This reflection may possibly seem applicable only to the Western or Euroamerican world, and it is undoubtedly true. However, two things are clear: First, the present epoch requires that everyone return to his sources and examine his own roots inorder to assume his identity creatively rather than accept it passively.
In Another America
Authors: Lekachman Robert 
Published: September 2018

That extraordinarily valuable citizen Michael Harrington is, among his many other public activities, Chairman of the Socialist Part), USA. So quiet a life do socialists now lead that one is nearly tempted to list this post as a harmless private avocation. Yet in the days of Eugene Debs, American socialism was a serious political movement. Michael Harrington would have it so again.As Harrington recalls in Socialism (Saturday Review Press; 436 pp.; $12.50), his impressive analysis of the Socialist past and less impressive account of the Socialist present, Debs in 1912 actually collected 6 per cent of the Presidential votes. In 340 cities, 1,200 Socialists held office, among them 79 mayors. Even two decades later, in the 1932 Presidential campaign, Norman Thomas attracted nearly a million .votes and the Party boasted 1,600 local affiliates.
India Joins the Human Race
Authors: Schall James V. 
Published: September 2018

The 1971 war between India and Pakistan, and the subsequent establishment of Bangladesh, has forced a general rethinking of world politics. The war is too recent to judge any long-range consequences, but the resulting new atmosphere in India itself has raised fundamental issues of theory and practice to which non-Indians should be alerted.The moral conception that India had of herself— the heritage of nonalignment, Gandhism and neutralism—has been transformed radically by India's newly discovered power and military achievements. In light of Goa, the earlier Pakistan conflicts and the China invasion, her ambiguous tradition has made India seem hypocritical, preaching one thing and readily practicing another.
Soviet Jews and Middle-Aged Zionism
Authors: Levine Hillel 
Published: September 2018

Ideology is a discredited term in some circles. The geopolitical map of the twentieth century is pockmarked with ideologies gone bad. With the Utopian thinking of the Enlightenment came the conviction that “Ideals can transform reality.” But ideologies that undermined one repressive order in the name of progress became the zealous gods of another. Ideologists credit their Idea with omnipotence, borrowing the techniques of medieval casuistry) to reduce the more blatant discrepancies between the ideal and real.It is true, streets plastered with slogans and millions of people waving little red books are frightening. But the possibility that the technocrats shall inherit the earth is also somewhat disconcerting. The excesses to which “total” ideologies lend themselves should not blind us to other aspects of the ideological enterprise; bloody revolutions and totalitarian regimes do not exhaust the possibilities.
A New Sense of Direction
Authors: Luther King Martin 
Published: September 2018

A few months before his assassination in Memphis, April 4, 1968, Dr. King spoke to the staff of the Southern Christian Leadership Conference meeting in retreat at Frogmore, South Carolina, He was preparing them for the Poor People's Campaign scheduled for the spring of 1968. This is Dr. King's last thorough evaluation of “the movement” its prospects and problems, in our possession.While the description of urban violence may seem dated, Dr. King's analysis of the causes and cures of urban injustice remains disturbingly relevant. His understanding of what was happening among youth as well as his understanding of American militarism is, for better or worse, equally pertinent. Especially important, in view of current claims that Dr. King was undergoing a fundamental change of political philosophy toward the end of his life, is his concluding affirmation of non-violence.
Cuban Catholics and Castro
Authors: Domínguez Jorge I. 
Published: September 2018

Aformer "church-in-silence" is babbling anew. After the silence of most of the 1960's, religious Cuba is speaking out. Many of us may not be ready for what we hear.Our unreadiness flows from a variety of sources. One is that the United States policy of isolating Cuba not only isolates Cuba but also isolates us from it. Another source may be the traditional expectation that a church in a Communist country stands in unrelenting opposition to the government—or else retreats into the catacombs. Many Protestants, Roman Catholics and Jews in Cuba have rejected (or are rejecting) the two traditional alternatives of sabotage or withdrawal to silence, even though both alternatives were tried, to one degree or another, for the bulk of the past decade.
Writers Under the Heirs of Stalin
Authors: Rothberg Abraham 
Published: September 2018

The lash—a medicine,although it isn't exactly honey.The foundation of the stateis direction,direction.Yevgeny YevtushenkoRemembering the role writers and intellectuals played in the Hungarian revolt of 1956 and in the Czechoslovak liberalization from 1966 to 1968, the Soviet authorities are determined to see that Aleksander Solzhenitsyn's works, as well as those of a number of other Soviet writers, bring neither increased turbulence at home nor decreased prestige and power for the Soviet Union and its leadership abroad.
China Missions and the Perils of Benevolence
Authors: Stone Garrett Shirley 
Published: September 2018

Not long ago if you mentioned to academic acquaintances that you were studying China missionaries seriously, the response was one of surprise and a quick change of subject. In the world of China analysts, missionaries were dismissed as a horde of fanatics or as a club of wellintentioned but impotent meddlers.Today, as more attention is paid the transnational influence of service organizations, China missionaries are, if not precisely in vogue, becoming a respectable field of academic inquiry. In January, 1972, the Committee on American-East Asian Relations of the American Historical Association sponsored a conference in Cuernavaca, Mexico, on China missionaries. Assorted historians gave papers on theology and American foreign policy, the corporate structure of the missionary movement and its influence in China, theories of missionary imperialism or lack thereof, among other topics. (The papers are to be published by Harvard in a book edited by John K. Fairbank, organizer of the proceedings.)
The Greek Colonels and Their Critics
Authors: Holden David 
Published: September 2018

Men of intemperate minds cannot be free.Their passions forge their fetters.Edmund BurkeIt is not necessary to carry a torch for the colonels who seized power in Greece in 1967 to suggest that they evoked from the start in much of the Western world a sense of shock and hostility beyond their obvious deserts. Their coup was bloodless, after all, and scarcely unexpected. Their authoritarian style was more typical than the preceding parliamentary system had been of the prevailing trend in other countries with similar historical, economic and social weaknesses; and in purely Greek ferms it could be seen as a comprehensible and characteristic, albeit depressing, response to a genuine national crisis. The changes in the Greek economy which had ensued from the postwar period of reconstruction, the accelerating drift from the land, the startling growth of Athens, the soaring emigration figures, and the termination of American aid had all imposed great new strains upon the country.
Presidential Autocracy and the Rule of Law
Authors: Robinson D. L. 
Published: September 2018

The year 1972 seemed fateful to those who cherish the commitment of American democracy to the tradition of checks and balances. Indeed, as the year ended, the realization was beginning to dawn that the nation was on the edge of a full-scale constitutional crisis.Nineteen seventy-two was the year when President Nixon reopened the door to China, then mined Haiphong harbor and bombed the city of Hanoi; when he visited Moscow, concluded a treaty limiting strategic arms and directed Henry Kissinger to announce that peace was "at hand," then suddenly renewed and intensified the bombing, suspended it for thirtysix hours at Christmas, renewed it, then stopped it again—all without explanation to the people on whose behalf he was acting.
The Case Against Prometheus
Authors: McDermott Patrick P. 
Published: September 2018

The use of fire in warfare is as old as history itself. It has been an offensive weapon, a defensive weapon and an instrument of psychological terror. To the ancient warrior fire was a way to destroy wooden ships and fortifications made of inflammable materials. Greek fire, the secret weapon of the Byzantines, repelled barbarian invasions in the seventh century. General Sherman tried to break the will of the South by burning a path to the sea. The Americans, with napalm and Zippo lighters, and the Viet Cong, with flamethrowers, continued the tradition by laying waste peasant villages in Vietnam.Concrete bunkers and steel ships have not made fire obsolete from a military viewpoint, for the technology of setting fires has stayed a step ahead of the ability to put them out. The jet streaking in low with a canister of napalm has replaced the flaming brand tossed over a wall, and the flaming arrow has given way to a warhead of white-hot magnesium or thermite.
Chile: A Bloody Fall
Authors: Birns Laurence R. 
Published: September 2018

It is not too soon for some firm judgments to be made regarding what has just transpired in Chile. We can consider not only some of the more important current causes for the bloody coup but some contributing events from the past. Some rough idea as to what we can expect from the present military regime—that is, the military dictatorship— will emerge from the examination.How ironic that we use that ugly word “dictatorship“ to describe an institution that but a few weeks ago was winning praises as a model of an armed service that, recognized the doctrine of civilian supremacy, the chain of command, and was in itself— ostensibly to the end of the Allende Administration— the architrave of Chilean constitutionalism.
The Human Cost of Soviet Trade
Authors: Martin  , Spechler Dina 
Published: September 2018

The momentum of East-West detente has grown with the summer visit of the agreeable and businesslike Leonid Brezhnev. A burst of treaties, agreements and deals has noisily signaled a singular achievement of Nixon-Kissinger diplomacy. To most Americans the sole objections, raised by Senator Jackson and others in the name of Soviet Jews and liberal dissenters, must seem unwelcome throwbacks of the cold war or at least a parochial intrusion. With world peace and free trade seemingly at stake, even many intellectuals hesitate to belabor the narrowing liberties of those dissident groups.Both Nixon and Brezhnev agree that trade and arms reductions are practical. While neither disavows ideological competition, both now say it should be channeled to peaceful outlets.
Reflections of an African Self-Exile
Authors: Mahoso Tafataona P. 
Published: September 2018

I am essentially a village boy; I did not see the city until I was well over twenty. Now I am receiving my advanced education overseas. It is exciting, but it also involves tremendous emotional and cultural risks. How it all ends up is yet to be seen.
One thing has always been important since the day I began to dream of an intellectual, academic, and political experience beyond the borders of Zimbabwe: A man like me, whose parents never saw a school door, must ask himself if he can really justify such a risky and expensive investment in education. My parents and my brothers and sisters ask the same question, and they are right to ask it.
Food Aid vs. Development
Authors: Bird Kai , Goldmark Sue 
Published: September 2018

The American electorate has acquired an ingrained prejudice against foreign aid. The public suspects that foreign aid is something the government takes from the poor in a rich country and gives to the wealthy in a poor country. This suspicion— like many of America's populist wisdoms—is the tragic truth in one of the world's poorest nations, Bangladesh.Only a pittance of international food aid to Bangladesh feeds the starving or destitute. Even in this bumper crop year an estimated 368,000 babies and young children will die due to malnutrition or related diseases. Food aid generally does not reach the poor; 90 per cent of the 1.6 million tons of foreign food aid shipped to Bangladesh this year was used to subsidize a ration system for the middle class.
Finlandization Is Not a Gurse Word
Authors: Fried Anne 
Published: September 2018

Senior editor Arnaud de Borchgrave of Newsweek writes (July 10,1972):Today, Western Europe is a collection of nations united only in disunity. Within the last month, I have spoken with more than a dozen of the top foreign policy planners in Europe. Never before have I seen them so gloomy; never before haye I heard so much talk about Europe's confusion and disarray. “The spectacle we are presenting to the world,” one expert told me, “is truly lamentable.” It is more than lamentable; it is highly dangerous. For Western Europe faces the threat of “Finlandization”— which is to say, of finding itself effectively dominated, so far as foreign affairs are concerned, by the Soviet Union.
The Yom Kippur War —A Personal Diary
Authors: Ezrahi Sidra 
Published: September 2018

I am sitting by a candle beneath a shuttered window in a city blacked out against aerial attack. There is little intelligible news from the front, and the long hours between news reports are filled with old Palmach songs and coded messages calling reservists to their units.The dimensions of this war are still unclear, but I fear that the shrill wail of yesterday's siren has shattered our peace for a long time to come. Each of us has already fixed in his mind the moment war broke in to violate our private lives and mock our petty dreams of tomorrow.
Human Costs and Foreign Policy
Authors: Krepon Michael 
Published: September 2018

As Americans celebrated Christmas in 1972 they read about national disasters in Nicaragua and North Vietnam. The capitals of both countries had to be evacuated. Communications and power facilities were crippled. Hospital complexes were reduced to rubble. An earthquake caused the damage in Nicaragua; American bombers were responsible in North Vietnam.In the wake of worldwide humanitarian concern for both countries, the initial response of the United States was to announce the release of paramedical teams and a mobile field hospital for Nicaragua and to deny that the Bach Mai hospital facility in Hanoi existed and that it had been hit by American planes.
I Worked in Mao's China
Authors: Erdal David 
Published: September 2018

AbstractChina is one nation that remains profoundly unconcerned over the issue of human rights. But if only because China has more people than any other country, the issue is of importance.The movement against Mao's wife, Chiang Ch'ing, and the “Gang of Four,” for example: Was this essentially a democratic mass movement against vicious, nasty power-maniacs? When Chinese officials say that they encourage and welcome criticism from the masses, is it perhaps to this kind of event they are referring? What happens to a Chinese who speaks his mind?For that matter, does the truth come out? Was Chiang Ch'ing really a bad dress designer? If she had the benefit of private showings of the best of Western cinema, why wasn't she able to pass along a few hints to the directors of the appallingly repetitious, wooden, and exaggerated propaganda films that were produced under her?
Interview With Kurt Waldheim
Authors: Pierre Clara 
Published: September 2018

The thirty-eighth floor of the U.N. Secretariat building, though it perches high over the East River, is hardly a setting of which dreams are made. No fairy-tale castle tower this, but a practical beige and green cocoon in which some of the most important work in the world gets done. Teak and "Scandinavian modern" are much in evidence, a legacy from the Hammarskjöld years.I was briefed by Press Secretary André Lewin before my interview with Kurt Waldheim and took that opportunity, to ask some questions about the Secretary-General. What are Mr. Waldheim's avocations, if any? He adores the opera, said Lewin, and would love to go when he is in New York, but he just hasn't any time. The Waldheims have a country retreat in Connecticut which they are able to visit from time to time on weekends.
Hope Against Violence in Argentina
Authors: O'Mara Richard 
Published: September 2018

Cata had moved the children's beds out of the front room; no alarm motivated her, rather calm prudence. The house stood next to a union hall. "Someone might put a bomb," she said. That was in January, 1975, high summer in Argentina, when everyone was preoccupied with bombs. Late one night Susana, Cata's daughter, sprang from her bed. There had been a clap of thunder. "They've bombed Government House!" she exclaimed, still groggy.Late one night Susana, Cata's daughter, sprang from her bed. There had been a clap of thunder. "They've bombed Government House!" she exclaimed, still groggy.
French Canada—a Happy Ending, Maybe
Authors: Africano Lillian , Kry Margaret 
Published: September 2018

The subject carries all the taboos of incest. Easier, by far, to get someone to suggest that Henry Kissinger smokes pot with President Nixon than that Rene Levesque might be received for coffee by the Canadian desk officer. That was how Washington journalist Milton Viorst described his experience when he tried to discuss French-Canadian problems with American State Department officials three years ago.As Viorst predicted, not much has changed: “Washington is likely to keep tiptoeing around, feigning delicately that the separatist movement in Quebec doesn't really exist.”
What Future for Palestinians?
Authors: Ferguson Pamela 
Published: September 2018

Well, what does the future hold for the Palestinians? How can self-determination be achieved? This is a question that should disturb us, but too often this question, at the very core of the Middle East conflict, is swept away by the mechanics of war, of peace, of oil and of troop disengagement. Such irony is hard to stomach and is a bare reward for those many Palestinians of varying political beliefs who support the involvement of the Palestine Liberation Organization at the Geneva peace talks and speak encouragingly about a separate Palestine state.The idea of such a state needs to be scrutinized against the backgrounds of both Israeli and Jordanian policies regarding the Palestinians, in order to understand fully why these policies are quite inadequate and why it is impossible to imagine a Palestinian state linked either to Israel or Jordan. The idea of an independent state pinned between Israel and Jordan is acceptable only with radical changes and concessions—from Israelis, Palestinians and Jordanians alike—that will ensure peace and harmony from border to border.
Religious Claims to Palestine: Jews and Muslims
Authors: Miles John A. 
Published: September 2018

God Almighty bless you and make you fruitful and multiply you, that you may become a company of peoples. May he give the blessing of Abraham to you and your descendants with you, that you may take possession of the land where you are living, which God gave to Abraham.(Genesis 28:3-4)Abraham was not a Jew, nor yet a Christian; but he was an upright man who had surrendered (to God), and he was not of the idolators. Lo! those of mankind who have the best claim to Abraham are those who followed him, and this Prophet and those who believe (with him); and God is the Protecting Friend of the believers.(Koran, Surah III, 67-68)Depending on the definition of terms, the Arab-Israeli war is either not a religious war or it is a religious war a dozen times over in a dozen elusive senses. In the remarks that follow we shall review Jewish and Muslim claims not to spiritual privilege or national destiny but, more narrowly, to territory. These territorial claims would become causa belli only in the unlikely event that the National Religious Party of Israel and, say, King Feisal of Saudi Arabia were to become the sole voices for, respectively, Israel and “the Arab nation.” Short of that, they are a rhetorical and psychological factor in a broader and usually more pragmatic conflict, but as such they are easily overlooked by Christian and secular observers.
Religion and…
Authors: Neuhaus Richard John 
Published: September 2018

The question is asked whether Moral Majority is a threat or a challenge. The answer, I believe, is that it is both. The less intelligently we respond to the challenge, the greater is the threat.The concern is about a cluster of organizations and movements representing an alliance between religion and the New Right in American politics. Moral Majority and its leader, Jerry Falwell, are simply the most visible part of the phenomenon. I am persuaded that the religious New Right represents a deep and long-term change in American religion, culture, and politics. Moral Majority and other organizations may not be around five years from now, but the change they represent will be with us for a long time.
The Red Hand of Ulster
Authors: Moir Patricia 
Published: September 2018

An old Irish legend tells of a boat race where the prize was the kingdom of Ulster and the victor was the first to "touch the shore." O'Neill, seeing his boat slip behind, cut off his hand, flung it ashore, and won the kingdom. Ulster, but for three counties, is now Northern Ireland. O'Neill's bloody hand has been preserved through the ages as the Red Hand of Ulster, seen on flags, postage stamps, pendants, and paramilitary banners. The passions that led O'Neill to bleed for Ulster have survived as well.When I arrived in Belfast in late June, the Red Hand was waving from Protestant doorways to herald the impending Orange Parades.