bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Reliability and Validity of the 6‐Minute Walk Test in Hypophosphatasia
Authors: Phillips Dawn , Tomazos Ioannis C , Moseley Scott , L'Italien Gil , Gomes da Silva Hugo , Lerma Lara Sergio 
Published: December 2018

ABSTRACTThis investigation evaluated the reliability and validity of the 6‐Minute Walk Test (6MWT) in patients with pediatric hypophosphatasia (HPP). Children (aged 6 to 12 years; n = 11), adolescents (13 to 17 years; n = 4), and adults (18 to 65 years; n = 9) completed the 6MWT at screening and baseline in two clinical studies of asfotase alfa. Test‐retest reliability of the 6MWT, evaluated with Pearson's correlation coefficients (r) for screening versus baseline, was high for children (r = 0.95; p < 0.0001), adolescents (r = 0.81; p = 0.125), and adults (r = 0.94; p = 0.0001). The most conservative minimal clinically important differences, estimated using distribution‐based methods, were 31 m (children and adults) and 43 m (adolescents). In children, the 6MWT correlated significantly with scores on measures of skeletal disease, which included the Radiographic Global Impression of Change scale (r = 0.50; p < 0.0001) and the Rickets Severity Scale (r = −0.78; p < 0.0001), such that distance walked increased as the severity of skeletal disease decreased. Significant (p < 0.0001) correlations with the 6MWT distance walked were also observed for children with scores on parent‐reported measures of disability (r = −0.67), ability to function in activities of daily living (r = 0.71 to 0.77), and parent‐reported measures of pain (r = −0.39). In adolescents and adults, 6MWT distance walked correlated significantly (p < 0.05) with measures of lower extremity function (r = 0.83 and 0.60, respectively), total pain severity (r = −0.41 and −0.36, respectively), and total pain interference (r = −0.41 and −0.49, respectively). Collectively, these data indicate that the 6MWT is a reliable, valid measure of physical functioning in patients with pediatric HPP. © 2018 The Authors. JBMR Plus Published by Wiley Periodicals, Inc. on behalf of the American Society for Bone and Mineral Research.
miR‐505 acts as a tumor suppressor in gastric cancer progression through targeting HMGB1
Authors: Tian Liang , Wang Zheng‐Yu , Hao Jun , Zhang Xiao‐Yu 
Published: December 2018

AbstractGastric cancer (GC) is a frequent type of malignant tumor worldwide. GC metastasis results in the majority of clinical treatment failures. MicroRNAs (miRNA) are identified to exhibit crucial roles in GC. Our current study aimed to explore the biological roles of miR‐505 in GC progression. It was observed that miR‐505 was robustly decreased in GC cells compared with human normal gastric epithelial GES‐1 cells. Overexpression of miR‐505 was able to repress GC progression in AGS and BGC‐823 cells. In addition, high‐mobility group box 1 (HMGB1) has been identified as a crucial oncogene in several cancer types. By carrying out bioinformatics analysis, HMGB1 was predicted as a direct target of miR‐505. Meanwhile, HMGB1 was found to be significantly increased in GC cells and it was confirmed in our study that miR‐505 can directly target HMGB1 in vitro. miR‐505 mimics can inhibit HMGB1 messenger RNA and protein expression dramatically. Subsequently, knockdown of HMGB1 can inhibit GC cell proliferation, colony formation, and induce cell apoptosis. Furthermore, HMGB1 silence suppressed GC cell migration and invasion greatly in vitro. Finally, it was validated that miR‐505 can inhibit GC progression by targeting HMGB1 in vivo. Taken these together, it was indicated that miR‐505/HMGB1 axis was involved in the development of GC. miR‐505 can serve as a potential prognostic indicator in GC therapy.
5‐Hydroxytryptamine (5‐HT)‐exacerbated DSS‐induced colitis is associated with elevated NADPH oxidase expression in the colon
Authors: Dong Shizhen , Chen Menglu , Dai Faliang , Xuan Qingxia , Chen Pan , Feng Dandan , Gao Lei , Zhu Chendi , Chang Yongchao , Chu Fong‐Fong , Gao Qiang 
Published: December 2018

AbstractAimThis study investigated the impact of 5‐hydroxytryptamine (5‐HT) on the expression of NOXs in dextran sulfate sodium (DSS)‐induced colitis in mice.MethodsC57BL/6J (B6) mice at 6 to 8 weeks of age were treated with 5‐HT, DSS, or DSS + 5‐HT. After 6‐day treatment, the severity of colitis, infiltration of leukocytes, and messenger RNA (mRNA) and/or protein levels of Nox1, Nox2, Nox4, and Duox2 were analyzed in the colon by real‐time quantitative polymerase chain reaction (qPCR), immunohistochemistry (IHC), and Western blot analysis. The direct effect of 5‐HT on NOX gene and protein expression in HT‐29 colon cancer cells and in U‐937 macrophage cells were determined by qPCR and Western blot analysis.ResultsMice treated with 5‐HT alone did not develop colitis, while those treated with 1.0% DSS or DSS + 5‐HT had mild and severe colitis, respectively. All treated mice had more myeloperoxidase‐positive cells in the colon compared with untreated control mice. Mice treated with 5‐HT or DSS alone had increased Nox2 and Nox4 mRNA and protein levels in the colon determined by qPCR, IHC, and Western blot analysis. These two Nox expressions were even higher in mice treated with DSS + 5‐HT, while the expression levels of epithelium‐localized Nox1 and Duox2 tended to decrease. Additionally, mice treated with 5‐HT alone had elevated Nox1 and Duox2 expression as shown by qPCR and IHC. However, these gene expressions were diminished in DSS + 5‐HT‐treated mice likely due to erosion of epithelium. Furthermore, 5‐HT induced NOX1 and DUOX2 gene and protein expression in HT‐29 colon cancer epithelial cells, whereas induced NOX2 and NOX4 gene and protein expression in U‐937 cells.ConclusionAs 5‐HT induced NOX1 and DUOX2 gene and protein expression in colon epithelial and HT‐29 cells, NOX2 and NOX4 in the infiltrating leukocyte in mouse colon and in U‐937 cells, the exacerbate colitis induced by combined 5‐HT and DSS treatment might be relevant to increased NOX expression in mice colons.
Understanding contact patterns of protein structures from protein contact map and investigation of unique patterns in the globin‐like folded domains
Authors: Amala Arumugam , Emerson Isaac Arnold 
Published: December 2018

AbstractProteins are biochemical compounds made up of one or more polypeptides in a specific order, typically folded into a functionally active form. Proteins are categorized into four different structural classes according to the topology of α‐helices and β‐strands. In this study, we modeled these four structural classes as an undirected network depicting amino acids as nodes and interaction between them as edges. Results infer that basic protein classes can be easily recognized as well as distinguished by utilizing protein contact maps (PCM). Toward studying the globin‐like fold, the helix‐loop‐helix region contacts were seen to be of a unique pattern, and these remained in all the folds. Further, the averaged diagonal contacts were analyzed and identified those contacts in α/β proteins were higher in comparison with the other class. Interesting, we noticed that anti‐parallel beta sheets were dominant in all‐β and α + β classes that lead to similar diagonal patterns. Network properties of all four basic classes were analyzed and found to possess small‐world property. Findings infer that PCM may assist classify protein structure classes and it also helps in evaluating the predicted protein structures.
OVO homologue‐like 1 promotes osteoblast differentiation through BMP2 expression
Authors: Min Hyeon‐Young , Sung Young Kwan , Kim Eun‐Jung , Jang Won‐Gu 
Published: December 2018

AbstractOVO homologue‐like 1 (OVOL1) encodes a C2H2 zinc finger protein and is an evolutionarily conserved gene in mammals. The OVOL1 expression is required for development. However, the function of OVOL1 in bone metabolism remains unreported. Here, we show for the first time the role of OVOL1 in osteoblast differentiation. To determine the role of OVOL1 in osteogenic differentiation, we analyzed OVOL1 expression in the preosteoblastic cell line. OVOL1 messenger RNA expression was induced during osteoblast differentiation. In addition, OVOL1 overexpression enhanced the expression of osteogenic genes including bone morphogenetic protein 2 (BMP2), the inhibitor of DNA binding 1 (Id1), distal‐less homeobox 5 (Dlx5), runt‐related transcription factor 2 (Runx2), osteocalcin (OC), and alkaline phosphatase (ALP). Moreover, mineralization of the extracellular matrix was increased by OVOL1 overexpression in MC3T3‐E1 cells. Furthermore, knockdown of the OVOL1 experiment demonstrated that OVOL1 is required for osteoblast differentiation. Collectively, these results suggest that OVOL1 function as an important regulator of osteoblast differentiation by inducing BMP2 expression in MC3T3‐E1 cells.
The role of sphingosine‐1‐phosphate in skeletal muscle: Physiology, mechanisms, and clinical perspectives
Authors: Cordeiro André V. , Silva Vagner R. R. , Pauli José R. , da Silva Adelino S. R. , Cintra Dennys E. , Moura Leandro P. , Ropelle Eduardo R. 
Published: December 2018

AbstractSphingolipids were discovered more than a century ago and were simply considered as a class of cell membrane lipids for a long time. However, after the discovery of several intracellular functions and their role in the control of many physiological and pathophysiological conditions, these molecules have gained much attention. For instance, the sphingosine‐1‐phosphate (S1P) is a circulating bioactive sphingolipid capable of triggering strong intracellular reactions through the family of S1P receptors (S1PRs) spread in several cell types and tissues. Recently, the role of S1P in the control of skeletal muscle metabolism, atrophy, regeneration, and metabolic disorders has been widely investigated. In this review, we summarized the knowledge of S1P and its effects in skeletal muscle metabolism, highlighting the role of S1P/S1PRs axis in skeletal muscle regeneration, fatigue, ceramide accumulation, and insulin resistance. Finally, we discussed the physical exercise role in S1P/S1PRs signaling in skeletal muscle cells, and how this nonpharmacological strategy may be prospective for future investigations due to its ability to increase S1P levels.
The unique ecological role of pyrosomes in the Eastern Tropical Pacific
Authors: Décima Moira , Stukel Michael R. , López‐López Lucía , Landry Michael R. 
Published: December 2018

AbstractPyrosomes are an important but often overlooked component of marine zooplankton communities, with limited existing information regarding their ecological and trophic roles in pelagic ecosystems. We present the first estimates of grazing and trophic interactions of the large tropical pyrosome,Pyrostremma spinosum, in the Eastern Tropical Pacific. While patchy in distribution,Pyrostremma spinosum'sgrazing impact was substantial, up to 17.5% of chlorophyllastanding stock d−1in certain areas. In contrast, these organisms cleared a very small percentage of the abundant picoplanktonSynechococcusspp. compared to the bulk zooplankton community. Stable isotopes (13C and15N) indicated that particulate organic matter (POM) from the surface mixed layer (0–20 m) constitutes the isotopic food‐web baseline for most of the zooplankton community, and zooplankton trophic interactions were size structured in some areas. Pyrosomes, doliolids, and appendicularians, along with the smallest size class of net‐collected zooplankton, had isotopic values closest to pure herbivory, while intermediate size classes, copepods, and salps showed substantial omnivory/carnivory. Euphausiids, chaetognaths, and > 2 mm zooplankton were the main carnivorous zooplankton in the plankton food web. Stable isotopes indicated thatPyrostremma spinosumis trophically distinct from the rest of the zooplankton community, grazing just below the mixed layer (20–40 m), as opposed to feeding on surface POM. Pyrosomes represent an additional, distinct pathway for material transfer up the plankton food web, by directly consuming POM sources not substantially grazed upon by the rest of the mesozooplankton community.
Stable isotope tracers: Enriching our perspectives and questions on sources, fates, rates, and pathways of major elements in aquatic systems
Authors: Glibert Patricia M. , Middelburg Jack J. , McClelland James W. , Jake Vander Zanden M. 
Published: December 2018

AbstractStable isotope applications have evolved from simple characterizations of isotope composition in organisms and organic matter, to highly complex methodologies on scales ranging from individual compounds and cells, to broad ecosystem‐level approaches. New techniques are rapidly evolving, allowing novel, difficult, and inconvenient questions to be addressed. This article aims to provide an overarching perspective on how the field has evolved and where it is going with regard to aquatic systems, some of the oceanographic and limnological concepts derived from these approaches, and important challenges. To this end, we highlight a selection of natural abundance and tracer enrichment studies that represent a wide range of stable isotope applications. These include studies of rate processes and biogeochemical cycling, source tracking, food webs, and paleoenvironments. Our coverage of stable isotope applications is by no means complete, but by highlighting a mixture of classic and new applications across a wide range of research areas, our goal is to convey the power of stable isotope tools and the excitement in this rapidly expanding field, while also encouraging the scrutiny and healthy respect for limitations and assumptions necessary to take full advantage of these powerful tools.
Fibrinolysis Shutdown Is Associated With Thrombotic and Hemorrhagic Complications and Poorer Outcomes After Liver Transplantation
Authors: Nicolau‐Raducu Ramona , Beduschi Thiago , Vianna Rodrigo , Diez Christian , Sleem Mahmoud , Singh Bhavna P. , Vasileiou Georgia , Raveh Yehuda 
Published: December 2018

Abstract
Detrimental consequences of hypofibrinolysis, also known as fibrinolysis shutdown (FS), have recently arisen, and its significance in liver transplantation (LT) remains unknown. To fill this gap, this retrospective study included 166 adults who received transplants between 2016 and 2018 for whom baseline thromboelastography was available. On the basis of percent of clot lysis 30 minutes after maximal amplitude, patients were stratified into 3 fibrinolysis phenotypes: FS, physiologic fibrinolysis, and hyperfibrinolysis. FS occurred in 71.7% of recipients, followed by physiologic fibrinolysis in 19.9% and hyperfibrinolysis in 8.4%. Intraoperative and postoperative venous thrombosis events occurred exclusively in recipients with the FS phenotype. Intraoperative thrombosis occurred with an overall incidence of 4.8% and was associated with 25.0% in‐hospital mortality. Incidence of postoperative venous thrombosis within the first month was deep venous thrombosis/pulmonary embolism (PE; 4.8%) and portal vein thrombosis/hepatic vein thrombosis (1.8%). Massive transfusion of ≥20 units packed red blood cells was required in 11.8% of recipients with FS compared with none in the other 2 phenotype groups (P = 0.01). Multivariate analysis identified 2 pretransplant risk factors for FS: platelet count and nonalcoholic steatohepatitis/cryptogenic cirrhosis. Recursive partitioning identified a critical platelet cutoff value of 50 × 109/L to be associated with FS phenotype. The hyperfibrinolysis phenotype was associated with the lowest 1‐year survival (85.7%), followed by FS (95.0%) and physiologic fibrinolysis (97.0%). Infection/multisystem organ failure was the predominant cause of death; in the FS group, 1 patient died of exsanguination, and 1 patient died of massive intraoperative PE. In conclusion, there is a strong association between FS and thrombohemorrhagic complications and poorer outcomes after LT.
A new double‐sided substrate‐integrated waveguide slot array antenna for 5G applications
Authors: Di Renna Roberto B. , Magri Souza Vanessa P. R. , Ferreira Tadeu N. , Matos Leni J. , Souza Jorge A. M. , Siqueira Glaucio L. 
Published: December 2018

AbstractA double‐sided substrate‐integrated waveguide (SIW) slot antenna with stripline feed, as 4‐by‐4 SIW slot array antenna, operating in millimeter‐waves bands is proposed. The whole antenna and feeding system are fabricated on a single substrate with 2 dielectric layers and 3 copper layers, which takes some advantage, such as, small size, low profile, low cost, and 2 radiation direction propagations. The design process and experimental results are presented. The prototypes can be used in dual band frequency ranges, 25 and 28 GHz, with 8 dBi gain and 63° for half power beamwidth in both sides, front and back antenna sides, and 2 GHz bandwidth. Thus, this component can be applied for 5G indoor environments.
A prospective randomized clinical trial comparing two doses of AbobotulinumtoxinA for idiopathic overactive bladder
Authors: de Sá Dantas Bezerra Danielle , de Toledo Luis Gustavo Morato , da Silva Carramão Silvia , Silva Rodrigues Antonio F. , Dmockowski Roger , Auge Antonio P. F. 
Published: December 2018

AimsTo compare 300 U versus 500 U of abobotulinumtoxinA (ABO) intravesical injections for the treatment of idiopathic overactive bladder (OAB) refractory to first and second‐line treatments.MethodsA prospective, randomized, single blind study was performed in female patients with symptoms of OAB, who had failed conservative treatment. Patients were treated with 300 or 500 U of ABO injected into 30 sites, avoiding the trigone. All treatments were evaluated by voiding diary, ICIQ‐OAB questionnaire, urodynamic test, visual analogue scale (VAS) for treatment satisfaction and patient global impression of improvement (PGI‐I). The primary outcome was change in maximum cistometric capacity (MCC). Secondary outcome included changes in urgency, complete continence, subjective success (VAS and PGI‐I), and adverse events (urinary retention, UTI, and CIC).ResultsTwenty‐one patients were included. MCC has increased from 185.0 to 270.9 mL (300 U) and from 240.8 to 311.7 mL (500 U), comparing the baseline with 12 weeks, without statistical difference between the groups (P = 0.270). At 12 weeks, 91% of patients were dry in both groups. At 24 weeks, episodes of incontinence had returned in 50% (300 U) and 0% (500 U) (P = 0.013). Patients were better or much better (PGI‐I) in70% (300 U) and 88.9% (500 U) at 12 w; and 50% (300 U) and 100% (500 U), at 24 w (P = 0.027). The peak of PVR was at 4 w, being 71.7 mL (300 U) and 96.5 mL (500 U). General UTI incidence was 35.7%. One patient (500 U) required CIC for 2 weeks.ConclusionsIntravesical ABO injection at 500 U improves symptoms and quality of life for longer period of time than 300 U for idiopathic OAB.
Identification of MALDI Imaging Proteolytic Peptides Using LC‐MS/MS‐Based Biomarker Discovery Data: A Proof of Concept
Authors: Longuespée Rémi , Ly Alice , Casadonte Rita , Schwamborn Kristina , Kazdal Daniel , Zgorzelski Christiane , Bollwein Christine , Kriegsmann Katharina , Weichert Wilko , Kriegsmann Jörg , Schirmacher Peter , Fresnais Margaux , Oliveira Cristiano , Kriegsmann Mark 
Published: December 2018

PurposeIdentification of proteolytic peptides from matrix‐assisted laser desorption/ionization (MALDI) imaging remains a challenge. The low fragmentation yields obtained using in situ post source decay impairs identification. Liquid chromatography‐tandem mass spectrometry (LC‐MS/MS) is an alternative to in situ MS/MS, but leads to multiple identification candidates for a given mass. The authors propose to use LC‐MS/MS‐based biomarker discovery results to reliably identify proteolytic peptides from MALDI imaging.Experimental designThe authors defined m/z values of interest for high grade squamous intraepithelial lesion (HSIL) by MALDI imaging. In parallel the authors used data from a biomarker discovery study to correlate m/z from MALDI imaging with masses of peptides identified by LC‐MS/MS in HSIL. The authors neglected candidates that were not significantly more abundant in HSIL according to the biomarker discovery investigation.ResultsThe authors assigned identifications to three m/z of interest. The number of possible identifiers for MALDI imaging m/z peaks using LC‐MS/MS‐based biomarker discovery studies was reduced by about tenfold compared using a single LC‐MS/MS experiment. One peptide identification candidate was validated by immunohistochemistry.Conclusion and clinical relevanceThis concept combines LC‐MS/MS‐based quantitative proteomics with MALDI imaging and allows reliable peptide identification. Public datasets from LC‐MS/MS biomarker discovery experiments will be useful to identify MALDI imaging m/z peaks.
Circumnavigation of a speedy unpredictable target by a group of speed‐ and acceleration‐limited robots
Authors: Matveev Alexey S. , Ovchinnikov Kirill S. 
Published: December 2018

SummaryAn unpredictably maneuvering speedy target travels in a plane, which also hosts a team of fully actuated robots whose velocities and accelerations are upper‐bounded in magnitude. The robots should approach the target and then follow it at a prespecified distance. They also should achieve an even self‐distribution around the target and a given angular velocity of rotation about the target. Every robot has access to the relative position of the target and other robots (in the latter case, within a finite “visibility” range) and to the angular speed of its own pure rotation; access to the coordinates of its own linear velocity in its own local frame is also employed in some cases. The robots are not equipped with communication facilities and cannot distinguish among one another; assignment of different roles to various robots is infeasible. Necessary conditions for the mission feasibility are first obtained. A distributed control law is then presented, and its global convergence and collision avoidance property are rigorously justified under slight enhancement of the just mentioned necessary conditions. The performance of the control law is illustrated by computer simulations.
Design, Synthesis and Molecular Docking Studies of Novel Triazole‐Chromene Conjugates as Antitubercular, Antioxidant and Antifungal Agents
Authors: Khare Smita P. , Deshmukh Tejshri R. , Sangshetti Jaiprakash N. , Krishna Vagolu S. , Sriram Dharmarajan , Khedkar Vijay M. , Shingate Bapurao B. 
Published: December 2018

AbstractA green and efficient protocol has been developed for the synthesis of novel 1,2,3‐triazole‐chromene conjugates (7 a‐j) via ultrasound assisted and NaHCO3 catalyzed for the first time. Structures of all the new conjugates were deduced by various spectroscopic techniques. The newly synthesized triazole‐chromene conjugates were evaluated for their in vitro antitubercular activity against Mycobacterium tuberculosis (MTB) H37Rv strain. The conjugates 7 f and 7 h were found to be most active with MIC value 12.5 μg/mL. Furthermore, all the conjugates were screened for their antioxidant activity and are highly active (IC50=7.05‐14 μg/mL) than the reference drug BHT (16.47 μg/mL). The triazole‐chromene conjugates were also screened for their in vitro antifungal activity and some of the conjugates 7 a, 7 b, 7 d, 7 e, 7 f and 7 i were exhibited potent activity (MIC=6.25‐25 μg/mL) than the reference drug Miconazole. Docking studies showed significant binding affinity in the active site of Mycobacterium tuberculosis DprE1 enzyme.