bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Anatomy of spinal CSF loss in the American alligator (Alligator mississippiensis)
Authors: DeLeeuw Hadyn , Cramberg Michael , Dille Matthew , Pick Emily , Thompson Mary , Young Bruce A. 
Published: November 2024

AbstractA variety of anatomical techniques, imaging modalities, dyes and contrast agents, were used to document the mechanisms/routes whereby spinal cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) would move beyond the confines of the spinal dura in the American alligator, Alligator mississippiensis. Three pathways for CSF loss were identified: spinal arachnoid granulations, perineural flow along the spinal nerves, and lymphatic drainage (both along the surface of the dura and at the venous plexus surrounding the spinal ganglion). These same three pathways for spinal CSF loss have been documented in mammals, suggesting that they may be a common feature of (at least) amniotes. Crocodilians, including A. mississippiensis, have the largest epidural venous sinus system of any vertebrate, the present study suggests that, as in mammals, the venous complex of the alligator plays a direct role in regulating the absorption of CSF from the spinal compartment.
The (Un)Attractiveness of Dark Triad Personalities: Assessing Fictitious Characters for Short‐ and Long‐Term Relationships
Authors: Dragostinov Yavor , Booth Tom 
Published: November 2024

ABSTRACTObjectiveThe current study assessed how individuals evaluate potential romantic partners who display either low, medium, or high levels of DT traits for short‐term (STR) and long‐term (LTR) relationships.MethodsNine fictitious persons in the form of vignettes (description of behavior and facial image) were presented to every participant. The sex of the fictitious persons was determined by sexual orientation of each participant, while the displayed faces were selected from an existing image bank and matched for physical attractiveness. Study 1 (n = 475) used a fixed composition for face and trait description, while the composition for Study 2 (n = 794) was randomized. Mixed‐effects modeling was implemented for both studies.ResultsStudy 1 demonstrated people with a male preference (mostly women) perceived medium levels of the three traits as the most attractive STR. For Study 2, both men and women found the low levels the most attractive for both STRs and LTRs.ConclusionsFindings from Study 1 were mostly consistent across previous DT attractiveness literature, while findings from Study 2 contradicted them. This could suggest that the concept of DT is not as attractive even for STRs unless it is accompanied by physical attractiveness.
Particulate Matter 2.5 and Severe Periodontitis Among Colombian Adults
Authors: Madera Meisser , Márquez‐Lázaro Johana , Bernabe Eduardo 
Published: November 2024

ABSTRACTAimsThe primary aim was to determine the association between particulate matter 2.5 (PM2.5) concentration at municipality‐level and severe periodontitis among adults. A second aim was to evaluate contemporaneous versus lagged effects of exposure to municipality‐level PM2.5 concentration on severe periodontitis.MethodsWe linked individual‐level data from the latest National Oral Health Survey (ENSAB‐IV) with satellite‐based estimates of annual PM2.5 concentrations at the surface level for municipalities in Colombia. Annual PM2.5 concentrations were averaged over 3, 5 and 10  years to capture contemporaneous and lagged effects, respectively. Severe periodontitis was defined using three common case definitions. The association between municipality‐level PM2.5 concentration and severe periodontitis was tested in multilevel logistic regression models adjusting for covariates.ResultsData from 9111 adults in 197 municipalities and 33 departments were analyzed. The prevalence of severe periodontitis varied from 10.4% to 29.8% depending on the case definition used. The mean PM2.5 concentration was 18.5 (SD = 2.9), 19.1 (3.0) and 18.9 (2.8) μg/m3 over the past 3, 5 and 10 years. The municipality‐level PM2.5 concentration was not associated with severe periodontitis, irrespective of the assessment period for PM2.5 concentration (3, 5, or 10  years) or the case definition of periodontitis used.ConclusionsThis study found no association between municipality‐level PM2.5 concentration and severe periodontitis among Colombian adults. No evidence of lagged effects was found either.
How does the taxonomic and functional structure of plant communities differ between riverine and palustrine swamps?
Authors: Janssen Philippe , Bisson‐Gauthier Laurie , González‐Sargas Eduardo , Loiselle Audréanne , Darveau Marcel , Bourgeois Bérenger , Poulin Monique 
Published: November 2024

AbstractQuestionsHow does the type of swamp, that is, riverine vs palustrine, shape understorey and overstorey plant communities? Beyond swamp type, how do spatial, topographic, soil and landscape characteristics determine the taxonomic and functional structure of swamp communities?LocationSouthern Québec, Canada.MethodsWe sampled riverine and palustrine swamp plant communities in two watersheds within two ecoregions with contrasting land use. At the site scale (n = 56), we analyzed differences between riverine and palustrine swamps in plant richness and cover, species composition, and mean and dispersion values for ecological and morphological traits. At the plot scale (n = 213), we assessed the relative influence of a set of environmental parameters on species richness and cover, as well as on trait values using mixed models and on species composition using redundancy analysis.ResultsSpecies composition and the mean value of traits varied significantly between the two types of swamps. While riverine swamps hosted more non‐native species and were composed of more mesophilic species, shorter in height and with dominant resource acquisition strategies, palustrine swamps sheltered more non‐vascular taxa and tall hygrophilous vascular species with more conservative resource strategies. The surrounding landscape and local microtopography within swamps had a significant effect on plant community structure. Species diversity and trait dispersion increased from agricultural‐dominated to forest‐dominated landscapes, and from homogeneous to heterogeneous substrates.ConclusionsHabitats provided by riverine and palustrine swamps are complementary for wetland biodiversity. Our results underline the need to develop conservation plans to protect a wide variety of freshwater swamp types; for example, management actions that maintain or promote heterogeneous topographic forms at the site scale, and continuity of forest cover at the landscape scale.
Functional characterization reveals the importance of Arabidopsis ECA4 and EPSIN3 in clathrin mediated endocytosis and wall structure in apical growing cells
Authors: Teixeira Rita Teresa , Marchese Dario , Duckney Patrick J. , Dias Fernando Vaz , Carapeto Ana P. , Louro Mariana , Silva Marta Sousa , Cordeiro Carlos , Rodrigues Mário S. , Malhó Rui 
Published: November 2024

Summary
Localized clathrin mediated endocytosis is vital for secretion and wall deposition in apical growing plant cells. Adaptor and signalling proteins, along with phosphoinositides, are known to play a regulatory, yet poorly defined role in this process. Here we investigated the function of Arabidopsis ECA4 and EPSIN3, putative mediators of the process, in pollen tubes and root hairs.
Homozygous eca4 and epsin3 plants exhibited altered pollen tube morphology (in vitro) and self‐pollination led to fewer seeds and shorter siliques. These effects were augmented in eca4/epsin3 double mutant and quantitative polymerase chain reaction data revealed changes in phosphoinositide metabolism and flowering genes suggestive of a synergistic action. No visible changes were observed in root morphology, but atomic force microscopy in mutant root hairs showed altered structural stiffness.
Imaging and FRET‐FLIM analysis of ECA4 and EPSIN3 X‐FP constructs revealed that both proteins interact at the plasma membrane but exhibit slightly different intracellular localization. FT‐ICR‐MS metabolomic analysis of mutant cells showed changes in lipids, amino acids and carbohydrate composition consistent with a role in secretion and growth.
Characterization of double mutants of eca4 and epsin3 with phospholipase C genes (plc5, plc7) indicates that phosphoinositides (e.g. PtdIns(4,5)P2) are fundamental for a combined and complementary role of ECA4‐EPSIN3 in cell secretion.
Classification of accommodative insufficiency by monocular subjective push‐up test is poorly predictive of monocular objective amplitudes in children and young adults
Authors: Anderson Heather A. , Parks Sidney M. , Kulp Marjean T. , Mitchell G. Lynn 
Published: November 2024

AbstractIntroductionTo determine whether classification of accommodative insufficiency (AI) based on the subjective push‐up test is indicative of reduced amplitude measured objectively.MethodsMonocular subjective accommodative amplitude was measured in participants 7–24 years of age with the push‐up test; a 0.9 mm letter was moved towards the eye until first sustained blur occurred. Monocular objective amplitude was measured with the same target and an autorefractor for demands from 2.5 to 30 D. The maximum response was termed the amplitude. Near point of convergence (NPC) was measured in a subset of participants. Participants were classified into groups using subjective amplitude: normal amplitude or AI (amplitude < ((15 – 0.25 × age) – 2)). Objective amplitude was plotted by age for each group and one‐way ANCOVA used to evaluate differences while controlling for age. For NPC measures, a t‐test compared the magnitude of the break between those with and without AI.ResultsFifty‐five of 185 participants were classified as having AI. Objective amplitude decreased with age (0.20 D/year) and there was no significant difference in the age‐adjusted mean amplitudes for the two groups (AI: 7.62 D, CI = 7.19, 8.04; Normal: 7.86 D, CI = 7.58, 8.15; p = 0.11). For the subset with NPC measures, participants classified as having AI had significantly more receded break values than those without AI (7.7 ± 5 vs. 3.7 ± 3 cm, p < 0.001).ConclusionsFactors other than accommodative ability may be contributing to lower subjective amplitude findings in individuals meeting the criterion for AI.
Childhood PUFA levels in relation to allergic sensitization and rhinitis up to young adulthood
Authors: Ekström Sandra , Sdona Emmanouela , Klevebro Susanna , Westman Marit , van Hage Marianne , Georgelis Antonios , Kull Inger , Melén Erik , Risérus Ulf , Bergström Anna 
Published: November 2024

AbstractBackgroundVery long‐chain (VLC) polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA) have been hypothesized to influence the risk of allergic disease. The aim of the study was to investigate the role of plasma levels of omega‐3 (n‐3) and omega‐6 (n‐6) PUFA in childhood and adolescence, for the development of rhinitis and allergic sensitization up to young adulthood.MethodsThe study included n = 933 participants from the BAMSE cohort. Proportions of n‐3 and n‐6 PUFA in plasma phospholipids were analyzed at 8 and 16 years using gas chromatography. Associations between PUFA and rhinitis as well as allergic sensitization, analyzed by IgE reactivity against airborne allergens, up to age 24 years were analyzed by generalized estimating equations and logistic regression models.ResultsHigh plasma levels of VLC n‐3 PUFA as well as the n‐6 PUFA arachidonic acid (AA) at 8 years were inversely associated with rhinitis (overall OR up to 24 years: 0.72, 95% CI 0.55, 0.0.93 and 0.69 [0.53, 0.89], respectively) and aeroallergen sensitization (0.64 [0.49, 0.83] and 0.71 [0.54, 0.92], respectively). However, excluding prevalent cases at 8 years attenuated the associations.ConclusionPlasma levels of n‐3 and certain n‐6 PUFA in childhood were inversely associated with allergic sensitization and allergic rhinitis up to young adulthood. The association may to some extent be explained by persistent childhood disease, rather than new incident cases in adolescence and young adulthood. To what extent these associations are driven by dietary PUFA intake versus metabolism remains to be clarified for the prevention of rhinitis and allergic sensitization.
Internalizing symptoms and affective vulnerability among heterosexual and sexual minority young adults
Authors: McLeish Alison C. , Hartson Kimberly R. , Hart Joy L. , Walker Kandi L. 
Published: November 2024

AbstractObjectivesSexual minority young adults report higher rates of anxiety and depression, and affective vulnerability factors (i.e. anxiety sensitivity, distress tolerance, emotion dysregulation) may help explain these mental health disparities.DesignThe current cross‐sectional study examined differences between sexual minority and heterosexual college students (n = 465; Mage = 19.84, SD = 3.51; 76.3% female) in anxiety, depression and affective vulnerability and whether affective vulnerability served as an explanatory mechanism in these associations.MethodsParticipants completed self‐report measures for course credit.ResultsSexual minority young adults reported greater anxiety, depression, anxiety sensitivity, emotion regulation difficulties and lower distress tolerance. There were also significant indirect effects for all three affective vulnerability variables for anxiety symptoms and for emotion regulation difficulties for depression symptoms.ConclusionsAffective vulnerability, particularly emotion regulation difficulties, appears to serve as a mechanism through which sexual minority status is associated with anxiety and depression. Improving emotion regulation skills may help to reduce mental health disparities in this population.
Some Like It Hot: Differential Photosynthetic Performance and Recovery of English Walnut Accessions Under Emerging California Heat Waves
Authors: Momayyezi Mina , Williams Troy , Tolentino Peter , Hammermeister Abby , Kluepfel Daniel A. , Forrestel Elisabeth J. , McElrone Andrew J. 
Published: November 2024

ABSTRACTHeat waves (HWs) pose a significant threat to California agriculture, with potential adverse effects on crop photosynthetic capacity, quality and yield, all of which contribute to significant economic loss. Lack of heat‐resilient cultivars puts perennial crop production under severe threat due to increasing HW frequency, duration and intensity. Currently, available walnut cultivars are highly sensitive to abiotic stress, and germplasm collections provide potential solutions via genotypes native to varied climates. We screened nine English walnut accessions (Juglans regia) for physiological heat stress resilience and recovery in the USDA‐ARS National Clonal Germplasm over 2‐years, and identified accessions with superior resilience to heat stress. Heat stress impacted photosynthetic capacity in most accessions, as evidenced by reductions in net (An) and maximum (Amax) assimilation rates, quantum efficiency of PSII, and changes in stomatal conductance (gs). However, two accessions exhibited either higher or complete recovery post‐irrigation. This aligns with the established practice of using irrigation to mitigate heat stress, as it improved recovery for several accessions, with A3 and A5 demonstrating the most resilience. One of these two superior accessions is native to one of the hottest and driest habitats of all studied accessions. These same accessions exhibited the highest An under non‐stressed conditions and at higher temperatures of 35° to 45°C. Higher performance for A3 and A5 under HWs was associated with greater carboxylation rates, electron transport rates, and Amax. All accessions suffered significant declines in photosynthetic performance at 45°C, which were the ambient leaf temperatures approached during record‐setting heat waves in California during September 2022.
The effects of different doses of single‐ and dual‐wavelength whole‐body photobiomodulation on metabolic parameters in obese mice
Authors: Rocha Maíra da Silva Almeida , de Oliveira Lucas Renan Sena , Xavier Diêgo Mendes , Ottone Natielle Cecília dos Santos , Ferreira Pedro Paulo Ribeiro , Paulino Kaio Augusto Oliveira , Costa Juliana Sales Rodrigues , Fonseca Graciene Fernandes Araújo Campos , Silva Gabriela , Silva Patrick Almeida , da Silva Saulo Soares , Almeida João Paulo de Paula , Coimbra Cândido Celso , Esteves Elizabethe Adriana , Ferraresi Cleber , de Castro Magalhaes Flavio 
Published: November 2024

AbstractPhotobiomodulation (PBM) shows beneficial effects on obesity‐related alterations. It is not known if dual‐ is more beneficial than single‐wavelength, nor the dose–response effect of such treatments. The effects of different doses of single‐ and dual‐wavelength whole‐body PBM on metabolic parameters in obese mice were evaluated. Male Swiss albino mice were fed with standard (Chow) or a cafeteria (CAF) diet and allocated into Sham (lights off), and PBM (whole‐body blanket (140 cm2) composed of 20 LED clusters, 2.14 mW/cm2/cluster, for 67 or 133 s: 1 or 2 J per cluster; 20 and 40 J total energy; and 0.143 and 0.286 J/cm2) with 660 nm (660), 850 (850) nm, or 660 nm + 850 nm (660/850). CAF induced insulin resistance that was inhibited in 660–1, 660–2, 850–1, and 660/850–2. CAF increased serum total cholesterol that was inhibited in 660–1, 660–2, 850–1, 660/850–1, and 660/850–2. There were no PBM‐induced changes in other variables assessed. The effects of whole‐body PBM in metabolic paraments in obese mice were wavelength and dose dependent: increasing the dose for 660 did not affect the outcomes; increasing the dose for 850 negatively affected the outcomes, and increasing the dose for 660/850 was mostly beneficial on the outcomes.
Exposure Practices to Animal‐Origin Influenza A Virus at the Animal–Human Interface in Poultry and Swine Backyard Farms
Authors: Baumberger Cecilia , Anríquez Gustavo , Galdames Pablo , Palma Tamara , Gonzalez María Antonieta , Orozco Katherinne , Oyarzun Cristobal , Rojas Camila , Marambio Victor , Ruiz Soledad , Di Pillo Francisca , Schultz‐Cherry Stacey , Jimenez‐Bluhm Pedro , Rushton Jonathan , Hamilton‐West Christopher 
Published: November 2024

ABSTRACTAimBackyard production systems (BPS) represent an interface of contact between people, domestic and wild animals. Studies conducted in Chile during the last decade have provided extensive evidence of influenza A virus (IAV) circulation in backyard poultry and swine. The aim of this study was to investigate exposure practices of humans to animal‐origin IAV within backyards.Methods and ResultsBackyard farmers and household members of a total of 101 BPS in the proximity of wetlands located throughout Chile were interviewed between 2021 and 2022. Data were collected on the nature of human–animal contacts through participation in productive activities conducted within backyards, which was used to estimate participants' exposure risk to animal‐origin IAV. Additionally, RT‐qPCR and serologic IAV active surveillance was carried out in backyard animals. Multilinear regression was used to identify factors associated with exposure risk. Overall, IAV prevalence was 10.1% (95% CI: 4.7%–15.5%) and seroprevalence was 43.5% (95% CI: 29.7%–54.2%), both at the BPS level. Of 180 interviewees, 86% reported participating regularly in poultry or swine exposure activities within the backyard. A greater participation of male participants was observed when evaluating swine exposure activities, while female participation was greater for some activities related to poultry handling. Handwashing was a very extended hygiene practice; however, the use of personal protective equipment was uncommon. Different factors related to participants, households and backyards were associated with an increased exposure risk of participants to animal‐origin IAV: (i) older age, (ii) less years of education, (iii) no off‐farm work, (iv) greater backyard production value and (v) greater household consumption of backyard products.ConclusionThese results indicate the circulation of IAV in BPS and the frequent human–animal contact at this interface, highlighting the need for awareness campaigns and educational programmes aimed at backyard farmers on prevention and biosecurity measures in the management of backyard animals.
Improving Surface Finish of Laser Additively Manufactured Curvilinear Surfaces Via Electropolishing and Electroless Coating
Authors: Praharaj Amit Kumar , Kambikath Nisha Vayalachery , Suvin Parayantayyathu Somarajan , Bontha Srikanth 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
Laser-directed energy deposition (LDED) is a very useful additive manufacturing technique for repairing and manufacturing complex-shaped parts compared to traditional manufacturing techniques. However, the inadequate surface quality of the LDED fabricated components limits their direct utilization in different sectors. In addition, improving the surface finish of the curvilinear surfaces (useful for cooling channels and fuel nozzles) is also challenging. Hence, the current study focuses on surface modification of LDED fabricated SS 316L hollow cylindrical samples by combining electropolishing and electroless coating. We have performed electropolishing (two different currents, 8 A and 15 A) on the as-deposited (AD) sample with and without the application of the grinding process. The electropolishing reduced the roughness of the AD sample from 3.2 µm to 0.85 µm and 0.74 µm for 8 A and 15 A, respectively. The reduction in roughness was more at a higher current value due to the rapid anodic dissolution of the surface peaks. A further reduction in roughness was observed when grinding was performed before electropolishing. However, grinding resulted in higher material removal from the deposited surfaces and reduction in roughness was also minimal. Hence, only the electropolishing sample was selected for the next step, in which Ni-P electroless coating was performed on the surface to form a protective layer. After electroless coating, the coefficient of friction and wear-rate were reduced by 9.5% and 25.6% compared to the AD sample. Delamination and severe plastic deformation were the major wear mechanisms for the AD sample, whereas abrasion was dominant for the coated sample. The current work proposes a combined surface modification approach of electropolishing and electroless coating for the LDED processed components with curvilinear surfaces.
Mitigating Low-Speed Crawling and Jitter in Telescopic Hydraulic Cylinders Through Stick-Slip Dynamics Analysis and Friction Reduction Strategies
Authors: Ma Zeyu , Huang Demin , Lu Shan , Zhang Evan , Wu Yuhao , Huang Xiaodong , Qin Liguo , Li Jun , Yin Hong 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
This study investigates the mechanisms of jittering in telescopic cylinders and proposes effective mitigation strategies. The focus is on the dynamic behavior of hydraulic cylinders under low-speed conditions, particularly the stick-slip phenomenon. Through finite element analysis using abaqus and tribological tests, the impact of various factors on the friction and wear properties of cylinder components is examined. Findings reveal that optimizing the average friction coefficient, stick-slip amplitude, and stick-slip time can significantly reduce jitter and creep in hydraulic cylinders. The results provide valuable insights for improving the performance and longevity of hydraulic systems in engineering machinery.