bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The function of supplemental foods for improved crop establishment of generalist predators Orius insidiosus and Dicyphus hesperus
Authors: Labbé Roselyne M. , Gagnier Dana , Kostic Ana , Shipp Les 
Published: December 2018

AbstractAs with many biological control agents, generalist predators rarely survive prolonged periods of prey scarcity. Towards improving crop establishment of two major predators used in North America, Orius insidiosus and Dicyphus hesperus, this study examined the role of supplemental foods in achieving greater predator survival and faster development. In controlled environment trials, developmental time and survival were compared for predators offered diets including Ephestia eggs, Artemia cysts, Typha pollen, or combinations of these. Nymphal developmental time was significantly shorter and survival greater for both predators reared on diets that included Ephestia eggs. Interestingly, D. hesperus could successfully complete nymphal development on Artemia cysts whereas O. insidiosus could not, alluding to fundamental physiological differences between these predators. In greenhouse assays, D. hesperus was more abundant after six weeks when offered diets that included Ephestia eggs either alone or in combination with pollen or Artemia cysts relative to other diets. In contrast, only diets of Ephestia eggs, Typha pollen or their combination could significantly increase O. insidiosus crop abundance relative to the unfed control. Together, this work highlights important differences in the relative values of supplemental foods for generalist predators used in crop protection. It is also meaningful in guiding biocontrol practitioners globally in the rapidly growing sector of greenhouse vegetable production.
Increased expression of EZH2 indicates aggressive potential of urothelial carcinoma of the bladder in a Chinese population
Authors: Zhou Xiaozhou , Liu Nan , Zhang Jingqi , Ji Huixiang , Liu Yuting , Yang Jin , Chen Zhiwen 
Published: December 2018

AbstractHere, we attempt to better define the long-term outcomes of radical cystectomy (RC) for urothelial carcinoma (UC) in a Chinese population and to investigate the relationship between EZH2 protein expression levels and the clinicopathological parameters and outcomes in patients with UC. We detected the relative EZH2 protein expression levels by immunohistochemistry in tumour specimens from a cohort of 189 Chinese UC patients. In patients who underwent RC, the 5-year cancer-specific survival (CSS) and overall survival (OS) were 69% and 61% respectively. EZH2 expression was increased in UC compared with normal urothelium. The expression levels of EZH2 were elevated in parallel with tumour stage (p = 0.001) and tumour grade (p = 0.001) and were increased in cases with lymph node metastasis compared with node-negative cases (p = 0.018). Kaplan-Meier analyses showed that higher EZH2 expression was related to significantly shorter CSS and OS in patients who underwent RC. High EZH2 expression was associated with worse CSS (HR = 3.51; p = 0.037) and OS (HR = 2.15; p = 0.047) in the univariate analysis, but only lymph node invasion maintained its predictive value for CSS in a multivariate model. This contemporary and homogeneous single-centre series found acceptable outcomes for Chinese UC patients who underwent RC. Clinically, our retrospective studies suggest that EZH2 levels can be used to identify more aggressive phenotypes in UC patients, thereby improving our prognostic knowledge.
Frequent lucid dreaming associated with increased functional connectivity between frontopolar cortex and temporoparietal association areas
Authors: Baird Benjamin , Castelnovo Anna , Gosseries Olivia , Tononi Giulio 
Published: December 2018

AbstractHumans typically lack awareness that they are dreaming while dreaming. However, at times a remarkable exception occurs and reflective consciousness can be regained while dreaming, referred to as lucid dreaming. While most individuals experience lucid dreams rarely there is substantial variance in lucid dream frequency. The neurobiological basis of lucid dreaming is unknown, but evidence points to involvement of anterior prefrontal cortex (aPFC) and parietal cortex. This study evaluated the neuroanatomical/neurofunctional correlates of frequent lucid dreams and specifically whether functional connectivity of aPFC is associated with frequent lucid dreams. We analyzed structural and functional magnetic resonance imaging from an exceptional sample of fourteen individuals who reported ≥3 lucid dreams/week and a control group matched on age, gender and dream recall that reported ≤1 lucid dream/year. Compared to controls, the frequent lucid dream group showed significantly increased resting-state functional connectivity between left aPFC and bilateral angular gyrus, bilateral middle temporal gyrus and right inferior frontal gyrus, and higher node degree and strength in left aPFC. In contrast, no significant differences in brain structure were observed. Our results suggest that frequent lucid dreaming is associated with increased functional connectivity between aPFC and temporoparietal association areas, regions normally deactivated during sleep.
Deep sequencing of circulating exosomal microRNA allows non-invasive glioblastoma diagnosis
Authors: Ebrahimkhani Saeideh , Vafaee Fatemeh , Hallal Susannah , Wei Heng , Lee Maggie Yuk T. , Young Paul E. , Satgunaseelan Laveniya , Beadnall Heidi , Barnett Michael H. , Shivalingam Brindha , Suter Catherine M. , Buckland Michael E. , Kaufman Kimberley L. 
Published: December 2018

AbstractExosomes are nano-sized extracellular vesicles released by many cells that contain molecules characteristic of their cell of origin, including microRNA. Exosomes released by glioblastoma cross the blood–brain barrier into the peripheral circulation and carry molecular cargo distinct to that of “free-circulating” miRNA. In this pilot study, serum exosomal microRNAs were isolated from glioblastoma (n = 12) patients and analyzed using unbiased deep sequencing. Results were compared to sera from age- and gender-matched healthy controls and to grade II–III (n = 10) glioma patients. Significant differentially expressed microRNAs were identified, and the predictive power of individual and subsets of microRNAs were tested using univariate and multivariate analyses. Additional sera from glioblastoma patients (n = 4) and independent sets of healthy (n = 9) and non-glioma (n = 10) controls were used to further test the specificity and predictive power of this unique exosomal microRNA signature. Twenty-six microRNAs were differentially expressed in serum exosomes from glioblastoma patients relative to healthy controls. Random forest modeling and data partitioning selected seven miRNAs (miR-182-5p, miR-328-3p, miR-339-5p, miR-340-5p, miR-485-3p, miR-486-5p, and miR-543) as the most stable for classifying glioblastoma. Strikingly, within this model, six iterations of these miRNA classifiers could distinguish glioblastoma patients from controls with perfect accuracy. The seven miRNA panel was able to correctly classify all specimens in validation cohorts (n = 23). Also identified were 23 dysregulated miRNAs in IDHMUT gliomas, a partially overlapping yet distinct signature of lower-grade glioma. Serum exosomal miRNA signatures can accurately diagnose glioblastoma preoperatively. miRNA signatures identified are distinct from previously reported “free-circulating” miRNA studies in GBM patients and appear to be superior.
Application of the Communication Complexity Scale in Peer and Adult Assessment Contexts for Preschoolers With Autism Spectrum Disorders
Authors: Thiemann-Bourque Kathy S. , Brady Nancy , Hoffman Lesa 
Published: December 2018

Purpose

The purpose of this study was to measure changes in communication of preschoolers with autism using the Communication Complexity Scale (CCS;
Brady et al., 2012
) and to examine the utility of the CCS in measuring pretreatment and posttreatment changes within peer and adult assessment contexts.

Method
The CCS was used to code preassessment and postassessment for 23 children with autism randomly assigned to a treatment that incorporated a peer-mediated approach and a speech-generating device and 22 assigned to a business-as-usual condition with untrained peers. Children were assessed in 2 structured 30-min contexts—1 with an adult examiner and 1 with a peer partner coached by an adult.

Results
Children in both groups showed significant changes in communication complexity CCS scores from pretreatment to posttreatment in the adult and peer contexts. At both occasions, CCS scores were higher with adult partners yet showed greater improvements over time with peer partners.

Conclusions
Results showed that the CCS was sensitive to change over time but did not discriminate changes in communication complexity associated with maturation versus treatment. It did show some differences based on interactions with peer versus adult partners. Outcomes provide preliminary support for using this scale to measure communication changes in different contexts.

Supplemental Material

https://doi.org/10.23641/asha.7408856
The ALHAMBRA survey: tight dependence of the optical mass-to-light ratio on galaxy colour up to z = 1.5
Authors: López-Sanjuan C. , Díaz-García L. A. , Cenarro A. J. , Fernández-Soto A. , Viironen K. , Molino A. , Benítez N. , Cristóbal-Hornillos D. , Moles M. , Varela J. , Arnalte-Mur P. , Ascaso B. , Castander F. J. , Cerviño M. , González Delgado R. M. , Husillos C. , Márquez I. , Masegosa J. , Del Olmo A. , Pović M. , Perea J. 
Published: December 2018

Aims. Our goal is to characterise the dependence of the optical mass-to-light ratio on galaxy colour up to z = 1.5, expanding the redshift range explored in previous work.
Methods. From the redshifts, stellar masses, and rest-frame luminosities of the ALHAMBRA multi-filter survey, we derive the mass-to-light ratio versus colour relation for quiescent and for star-forming galaxies. The intrinsic relation and its physical dispersion are derived with a Bayesian inference model.
Results. The rest-frame i-band mass-to-light ratio of quiescent and star-forming galaxies presents a tight correlation with the rest-frame (g − i) colour up to z = 1.5. The mass-to-light ratio versus colour relation is linear for quiescent galaxies and quadratic for star-forming galaxies. The intrinsic dispersion in these relations is 0.02 dex for quiescent galaxies and 0.06 dex for star-forming ones. The derived relations do not present a significant redshift evolution and are compatible with previous local results in the literature. Finally, these tight relations also hold for g- and r-band luminosities.
Conclusions. The derived mass-to-light ratio versus colour relations in ALHAMBRA can be used to predict the mass-to-light ratio from a rest-frame optical colour up to z = 1.5. These tight correlations do not change with redshift, suggesting that galaxies have evolved along the derived relations during the last 9 Gyr.
CIGALE: a python Code Investigating GALaxy Emission
Authors: Boquien M. , Burgarella D. , Roehlly Y. , Buat V. , Ciesla L. , Corre D. , Inoue A. K. , Salas H. 
Published: December 2018

Context. Measuring how the physical properties of galaxies change across cosmic times is essential to understand galaxy formation and evolution. With the advent of numerous ground-based and space-borne instruments launched over the past few decades we now have exquisite multi-wavelength observations of galaxies from the far-ultraviolet (FUV) to the radio domain. To tap into this mine of data and obtain new insight into the formation and evolution of galaxies, it is essential that we are able to extract information from their spectral energy distribution (SED).
Aims. We present a completely new implementation of Code Investigating GALaxy Emission (CIGALE). Written in python, its main aims are to easily and efficiently model the FUV to radio spectrum of galaxies and estimate their physical properties such as star formation rate, attenuation, dust luminosity, stellar mass, and many other physical quantities.
Methods. To compute the spectral models, CIGALE builds composite stellar populations from simple stellar populations combined with highly flexible star formation histories, calculates the emission from gas ionised by massive stars, and attenuates both the stars and the ionised gas with a highly flexible attenuation curve. Based on an energy balance principle, the absorbed energy is then re-emitted by the dust in the mid- and far-infrared domains while thermal and non-thermal components are also included, extending the spectrum far into the radio range. A large grid of models is then fitted to the data and the physical properties are estimated through the analysis of the likelihood distribution.
Results. CIGALE is a versatile and easy-to-use tool that makes full use of the architecture of multi-core computers, building grids of millions of models and analysing samples of thousands of galaxies, both at high speed. Beyond fitting the SEDs of galaxies and parameter estimations, it can also be used as a model-generation tool or serve as a library to build new applications.
Die Implementierung der Telemedizin im urologischen Alltag
Authors: Struck Julian , Wenzel Mike , Heidenreich Axel , Merseburger Axel , Salem Johannes 
Published: December 2018

Zusammenfassung
Hintergrund Da eine Steigerung der Anzahl an zu versorgenden geriatrischen Patienten mit urologischen Krankheitsbildern in den kommenden Jahrzehnten zu erwarten ist und die Urologie zugleich mit anderen Fachbereichen um den medizinischen Nachwuchs konkurriert, werden alternative Modelle benötigt, um die medizinische Versorgung dieser Patienten sicherzustellen. Ein vielversprechender Ansatz stellt die Telemedizin dar. Hierbei werden sowohl räumliche als auch zeitliche Distanzen mittels Datenaustausch bzw. Telekommunikation überbrückt, um eine urologische Diagnostik und Therapie sicherzustellen.
Patienten/Material und Methoden Auswertung der relevanten, PubMed-gelisteten Artikel zu den Suchbegriffen „telemedicine“, „teleproctoring“, „telementoring“, „telerounding“ und „telecounseling“.
Ergebnisse Die vorliegenden Daten zeigen, dass telemedizinische Produkte durchweg eine hohe Patientenzufriedenheit bei einfacher Handhabung aufweisen. Telemedizin kann den Urologen durch eine höhere Therapieadhärenz und Monitoring der Patienten in ihrem gewohnten Umfeld entlasten und damit eine Optimierung der Therapie ermöglichen. Sie kann durch die verlässliche Übermittlung von Patientendaten und einer damit einhergehenden Erhöhung der Diagnosesicherheit die Patientenzufriedenheit und Bindung der Patienten an Klinik und Praxis erhöhen. Voraussetzung für ein Gelingen der Technik stellen eine adäquate Information von Patienten und teilnehmenden Ärzten sowie ein regelmäßiger Informationsaustausch über im Rahmen der Programme auftretende Probleme dar. Allerdings beschränken sich die bisherigen Anwendungen auf kleine Fall- und Beobachtungsstudien, eine Anwendung auf größere Patientenkohorten muss in Zukunft angestrebt werden, um die Anwendbarkeit telemedizinischer Produkte auf solide Daten stützten zu können.
Schlussfolgerung Die Telemedizin birgt großes Potenzial für die Versorgung urologischer Patienten. Ihr Einsatz in Kombination mit entsprechenden Serviceprogrammen stellt einen vielversprechenden Ansatz dar, um den durch demografischen Wandel und Ärztemangel ausgelösten Herausforderungen der urologischen Fachdisziplin zu begegnen und örtliche und zeitliche Begrenzungen zu überwinden.
Zukunft der Laparoskopie und Robotik in der Urologie
Authors: Rassweiler Jens , Goezen Ali , Klein Jan-Thorsten , Rassweiler-Seyfried Marie-Claire 
Published: December 2018

ZusammenfassungDie Robotik hat die klassische Laparoskopie in den letzen Jahren etwas an den Rand gedrängt. Dennoch hat sich auch die Laparoskopie und Retroperitoneoskopie in den letzten Jahren technologisch weiterentwickelt mit 4K-Ultra-HD-Videotechnologie, 3D-HD-Videosystemen, miniaturisierten Instrumenten, modernen Schneid- und Koagulationsverfahren, Instrumenten mit 7 Freiheitsgraden und ergnomischen Plattformen Ethos Chair®. Aufgrund der auslaufendenden Patente von Intuitive Surgical wird ab 2019 eine Konkurrenzsituation mit neuen Herstellern von Operationsrobotern existieren. Diese müssen erst belegen, ob sie den hohen Qualitätsstandard der Da-Vinci-Serie (SI, X, XI) bieten können. Dies betrifft die Art der Konsole, Anordnung der Roboterarme, Technologie des 3D-Videosystems und Qualität und Freiheitsgrade der Endeffektoren. Robotersysteme für die Endourologie sind Avicenna Roboflex® für die flexible Ureteroskopie und AquaBeam®-System für die Roboter-assistierte Aquaablation der Prostata. Während Roboflex ähnlich dem Da-Vinci-System die Ergonomie des Eingriffes erleichtert, ersetzt die robotergestützte Aquaablation erstmals den Operateur.
Den Verschluss verhindern
Authors: Blocher David , Biberle Gerlinde , Poulakos Susanne 
Published: December 2018

ZusammenfassungAn der Klinischen Abteilung für Pädiatrische Kardiologie der Universitätsklinik
für Kinder- und Jugendheilkunde des AKH Wien werden Kinder und Jugendliche aller
Altersgruppen betreut. Die Versorgung umfasst sowohl die Übernahme von
andernorts geborenen Kindern mit pränatal unbekannten Herzfehlern als auch die
postoperative Betreuung. Das Ziel des folgenden Beitrags ist es, die
spezifischen pflegerischen Herausforderungen bzw. Interventionen bei
Neugeborenen mit ductusabhängigen Herzfehlern aufzuzeigen.
Zwei pflegerische Tätigkeitsfelder
Authors: Lechner Iris 
Published: December 2018

ZusammenfassungIris Lechner ist Gesundheits- und Kinderkrankenpflegerin und hat bis Ende Februar
2018 im stationären Kinderhospiz St. Nikolaus in Bad Grönenbach gearbeitet.
Momentan lebt sie in der Schweiz und arbeitet dort als diplomierte
Pflegefachfrau an der Universitätsklinik für Kinderheilkunde auf der
pädiatrischen Hämatologie/Onkologie des Inselspitals Bern. Zudem ist sie seit
vier Jahren als Kinderkrankenpflegerin im jährlich stattfindenden Süddeutschen
Familienseminar tätig. In ihrem Beitrag stellt Iris Lechner aus eigener
Erfahrung zwei pflegerische Tätigkeitsfelder in der Kinder- und
Jugendhospizarbeit vor und gibt so einen wertvollen Blick in die skizzierten
Arbeitsbereiche.
Genetic profiling in der Diagnostik des hereditären Prostatakarzinoms – wo stehen wir?
Authors: Boehm Katharina , Thomas Christian , Tsaur Igor 
Published: December 2018

ZusammenfassungProstatakrebs weist im Vergleich zu anderen Tumorentitäten ein heterogenes genetisches Profil auf. Dementsprechend sind auch Mutationen, die das Prostatakarzinomrisiko erhöhen, vielfältig. Manche genetische Varianten fallen bei der Risikoerhöhung nur milde ins Gewicht. Andere Genmutationen (BRCA1 /2; HOXB13) erhöhen das Risiko jedoch teils erheblich. Insgesamt ist die Wahrscheinlichkeit für einen nicht familiär vorbelasteten Mann, ein Träger von Mutationen zu sein, welche mit einem erhöhten PCa-Risiko assoziiert sind, niedrig. Ist aber die familiäre Belastung durch in jungem Alter erkrankte Verwandte oder eine bereits bekannte Mutation in der Familie vorhanden, so steigt auch diese Wahrscheinlichkeit an. In diesen Fällen sollte die genetische Beratung und Testung in Betracht gezogen werden. Insbesondere soll hier an BRCA1 /2-Mutationen und HOXB13-Mutationen gedacht werden. Für die breite Bevölkerungsmasse kann genetic profiling bislang jedoch nicht die PSA-Wert-Bestimmung, mpMRT der Prostata und/oder die Prostatabiopsie im Rahmen der Vorsorge oder des diagnostischen Algorithmus ersetzen. Lediglich können Männer bei Vorliegen der mit PCa assoziierten Mutationen einem engmaschigeren und früheren Screening unterzogen werden und ggf. früher eine definitive Therapie erhalten.
Effect of Sodium Glucose Co-Transporter-2 Inhibition on the Aldosterone/Renin Ratio in Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus
Authors: Griffin Tomás , Islam Md , Blake Liam , Bell Marcia , Griffin Matthew , O’Shea Paula 
Published: December 2018

AbstractThe aldosterone to renin ratio (ARR) is recommended for case detection of primary aldosteronism (PA). Several factors including medications can undermine its diagnostic accuracy. The objective was to explore the effect of Sodium Glucose Co-Transporter-2 Inhibition on the ARR in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) who were prescribed a Sodium Glucose Co-Transporter-2 Inhibitor (SGLT-2i) as part of routine clinical care. The primary outcomes were intra-individual changes in aldosterone, renin and ARR. Participants were recruited at routine diabetes outpatient visits as part of a prospective longitudinal study. Eligible participants were prescribed standard doses of empagliflozin and sampled at baseline (pre-SGLT-2i) and at their next routine outpatient visit (post-SGLT-2i). After a mean of 198 (±87) days on SGLT-2i treatment (n=20), there was a significant reduction in HbA1c, BMI, eGFR and serum triglycerides and a significant increase in serum creatinine and sodium. Compared with baseline, there was a significant increase in median direct renin concentration (mIU/l) [40.3 (6.2–249.5) vs. 70.2 (7.0, 551.0) (p=0.005)] and no significant change in median plasma aldosterone concentration (pmol/l) [296 (101, 685) vs. 273 (101, 794) (p=0.541)] with a significant reduction in median ARR (pmol/mIU) [6.9 (0.6–70.7) vs. 5.3 (0.2–39.3) (p=0.007)]. The proportion of participants with a screen positive ARR decreased from 20% (pre-SGLT-2i) to 5% (post-SGLT-2i) (p=0.248). Although performed in a relatively small cohort of medically complex patients, the study indicates that SGLT-2i therapy has the potential to cause false-negative screening for PA in the setting of T2DM. Future confirmatory studies should include patients with confirmed PA.
Pharmacokinetics of Prenylflavonoids following Oral Ingestion of Standardized Epimedium Extract in Humans
Authors: Teo Yi , Cheong Wei , Cazenave-Gassiot Amaury , Ji Shanshan , Logan Susan , Lee Zhi , Li Jun , Seng Kok , Lee Lawrence , Yong Eu 
Published: December 2018

AbstractLeaves of the Epimedium plant are traditionally consumed for bone health and other indications. The aim of this study was to establish the safety and pharmacokinetics of the metabolites of prenylflavonoids (icariin, icariside I, icariside II, icaritin, and desmethylicaritin) following single doses of a defined Epimedium prenylflavonoid extract in humans. A single oral dose of 370, 740, or 1110 mg of a standardized Epimedium prenylflavonoid extract was administered to 30 healthy male subjects in a randomized, placebo-controlled trial. Serum samples were collected over a 48-h period and analyzed by liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry and non-compartmental pharmacokinetic modelling. Epimedium prenylflavonoid extracts were well tolerated and no adverse effects were observed. The principle metabolites detected in the serum were icariside II and desmethylicaritin. Icariside II had a T
max of between 4.1 – 4.3 h, reaching a maximum AUC0→∞ of 23.0 (17.5, 29.9) h×ng/mL (median [IQR: interquartile range]) with the highest dose of the Epimedium prenylflavonoid. On the other hand, desmethylicaritin had a delayed T
max of 24.1 – 24.4 h and reached a maximum AUC0→∞ of 126.1 (62.4, 202.9) h×ng/mL. The median maximum plasma concentration and AUC0→∞ of desmethyliciaritin showed an increase with higher doses of the Epimedium prenylflavonoid (p < 0.05). Icariin, icariside I, and icaritin levels were below detection limits. Levels of Epimedium prenylflavonoid metabolites observed in this study were consistent with levels demonstrated to have anti-osteoporotic effects in cellular and animal studies. Coupled with the favorable safety profile of the extract observed, further studies are required to explore the utility of Epimedium prenylflavonoid extracts to prevent osteoporosis in postmenopausal women.