bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Comparative Analysis of Industry Development of Islamic Banking System in Malaysia and Nigeria
Authors: MuhibatAyoni Oladimeji  , Muhammad Ridhwan Ab. Aziz  , KhairilFaizal Khairi  
Published: November 2024

Purpose: The purpose of the study is to critically evaluate the industry development of Nigerian Islamic banking system in terms of its establishment and operation using Malaysian experience as the base. The study also provides useful suggested recommendations as a way forward for the development and for the smooth running of the system.

Methodology: Qualitative research method was employed by the study which consists of documentary review and face to face in-depth interview. with regulatory officers, practitioners, academicians who are directly involved in the operations of Islamic banking system in two countries Malaysia and Nigeria. And secondary source inform of documentary review is also employed.

Findings: From the findings of this study, in terms of basic minimum things, most, but not all of the situations regarding shariah governance, in Nigeria are in line with footsteps of Malaysia. Thus, lots need to be done. The regulators should bear it in mind that in terms of shariah governance framework what they are have done are just the basic minimum required for the start, they should be prepared and ready for the comprehensive effective and efficient frameworks for the industry.

Practical Implication/ Value of the Study: the study will have policy implication to the CBN and other stakeholders in the area of Islamic banking system. Findings of this study will be a source of reference for Nigeria and other countries in formulating the similar concept of Islamic banking system. The findings of the study will also help the management of the Islamic bank operators in the industry on how they should direct their management policies towards strategic tools to use in order to be able to reap industry’s potentials. The study will also add to the pool of available literature available on the subject matter.
Portraits d’un deuil impossible : la présence des disparus dans un journal argentin1
Authors: Van Dembroucke Celina 
Published: November 2024

Cet article se concentre sur les photographies des disparus de la dernière dictature militaire en Argentine (1976-1983), les recordatorios publiés par leurs proches dans un journal. L’émergence de ces textes marque la naissance d’un genre inédit et contradictoire, car ils comportent des éléments appartenant à deux genres discursifs opposés : les avis de recherche de personnes disparues et les nécrologies. Deux types de photographies sont inclus dans ces annonces : les photos d’identité, extraites d’un document officiel, et des images de famille. Ces dernières illustrent l’enchevêtrement entre l’intimité de la famille et le caractère public des recordatorios, qui découle de leur publication dans l’un des plus importants journaux nationaux argentins.
Les États écologiquement fragiles face aux obligations positives déduites des instruments conventionnels de protection des droits humains : les leçons de l’Affaire des Insulaires du détroit de Torres devant le comité des droits de l’homme des Nations unies (22 septembre 2022)
Authors: Tshiamala Banungana Christian 
Published: November 2024

Cette réflexion essaie de transposer la théorie de la fragilité étatique aux réalités écologiques multiformes pouvant conditionner l’État dans l’accomplissement de ses fonctions régaliennes impliquant notamment la protection des droits de la personne. Dans une certaine proportion, certains États se trouvent obligés, face aux phénomènes écologiques/climatiques, d’adopter au titre des obligations positives des mesures allant au-delà des formalités d’effectivité normative en inscrivant les spécificités pragmatiques inhérentes à la protection environnementale : par la prise en compte par exemple des principes de précaution et de prévention. Illustrant l’hypothèse d’une fragilité écologique moins extrême pour l’État, l’affaire du Détroit de Torres évoque les mesures d’atténuation et d’adaptation comme obligations positives au titre du Pacte international relatif aux droits civils et politiques. Laboratoire expérimental de judiciarisation des droits humains, le Comité des droits de l’homme aborde à travers cette affaire les interactions épistémologiques participant à la réalisation de deux objectifs somme toute complémentaires visant la sauvegarde des droits de la personne par la protection du climat. Elle motive à ce titre la violation des droits humains par l’absence des mesures d’adaptation et d’atténuation opportunes et adéquates.
Utilization of Hydrotropes on Solubilization of Tenoxicam in Aqueous Solution
Authors: Gerald Ugodi W , Chika Mbah J , Ngozi Nwodo J , Oluchi Ozochi A , Nafisa Momoh 
Published: November 2024

Hydrotropy is a unique solubilization technique utilize to depict the increase in the solubility of a solute by the addition of a second solute (in large amount) resulting in an increase in the aqueous solubility solute of interest. Therapeutic effectiveness of a drug depends on its aqueous solubility and bioavailability. The purpose of the study was to establish tenoxicam solubility in hydrotropes at very low concentrations as well as explore solubilization behavior of the drug in mixed hydrotropic systems at very low concentrations.
The methodology involved the use of rotary flask shaker at room temperature to determine the solubility of tenoxicam in water, hydrotropes (sodium benzoate, sodium citrate, urea) and mixed hydrotropes.
The results showed that sodium benzoate gave the most increase in the aqueous solubility of tenoxicam when compared to other hydrotropes. However, the highest aqueous solubility fold increase of tenoxicam (about 92 fold-increase) was produced by sodium benzoate and sodium citrate mix at 6:2 ratio. The decrease in standard free energy pointed out the spontaneity of the solubilization process.
In conclusion, the study showed that mixed hydrotropes are better to be utilized in the solubilizing of tenoxicam in aqueous solution.
Trait Interactions and Yield Enhancement in Linseed (Linum usitatissimum L.): Insights from Correlation and Path Analysis
Authors: Shankar Korra , Suresh Guglothu , Tiwari Nalini , Ajmera Sriram 
Published: November 2024

Linseed (Linum usitatissimum L.) is a self-pollinated (2n = 30) annual Rabi season crop mainly cultivated for flax fiber and oil due to its commercial use. The present investigation was carried out to study an association analysis among the yield and yield attributes using 75 linseed genotypes including 10 checks in a randomized block design with three replications at Oilseeds Research Farm, Kalyanpur, Chandra Shekhar Azad University of Agriculture and Technology, Kanpur, Uttar Pradesh, (India) during Rabi season of 2019-20. The correlation analysis revealed that the traits number of secondary branches per plant followed the number of primary branches per plant and number of capsules per plant at both the genotypic and phenotypic levels. The results of the path coefficient analysis revealed that traits such as the number of secondary branches per plant, number of capsules per plant, number of seeds per capsule, and plant height exhibited a strong and positive direct effect on seed yield per plant at both the genotypic and phenotypic levels. The seed yield can be improved by selecting traits such as number of primary branches per plant, number of secondary branches, number of capsules per plant, and plant height. It is recommended that the breeder focus on these traits in linseed to enhance its commercial value for the farming community.
Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry and Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy Analysis of Potential α-Glucosidase Inhibitors from Terminalia catappa Leaf Extracts
Authors: Issahaku Abdul-Matiin , Oseni Lateef Adebayo 
Published: November 2024

Aims: Postprandial hyperglyceamia is often caused by insulin insufficiency or cellular glucose uptake complications, and conventional treatments often yield undesirable side effects. The aim of the current work was to assess the α-glucosidase inhibitory activities of T. catappa leaf extracts and use spectroscopic techniques to partially characterize possible inhibitors.
Study Design: Phytochemical screening, enzyme inhibition assay and spectrometric and spectroscopic characterization of bioactive compounds from leaf extract and fractions of T. catappa.
Place and Duration of Study: The entire work was carried out at the Department of Applied Chemistry and Biochemistry, University for Development Studies, Ghana within nine months.
Methodology: T. catappa leaf extract and fractions were qualitatively screened for phytochemicals and their biological activity assessed in α-glucosidase inhibition assay. The potential enzyme inhibitors were characterized by Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry (GC-MS) and Fourier Transform Infrared (FT-IR) Spectroscopy.
Results: Phytochemical screening of the extract and the various solvent fractions revealed the presence of alkaloids, flavonoids, saponins, flavanol glycosides, phenolics, and terpenoids. The α-glucosidase inhibition potential of the crude leaf extract was concentration-dependent with a half-maximal inhibitory concentration (IC50) of 337.5 µg/ml. Solvent fractions from the crude extract demonstrated α-glucosidase inhibitory activity with IC50 values ranging from 170.40 µg/ml for ethyl acetate (EtOAc) fraction to 71.90 µg/ml for n-hexane (n-Hex) fraction. Acarbose, the control drug, demonstrated significant α-glucosidase inhibition activity in a similar pattern with IC50 of 6.16 µg/ml. The enzyme inhibition kinetics parameters, specifically the Michaelis constant (KM) and Maximum reaction velocity (Vmax) values, suggested that the inhibition of α-glucosidase by T. catappa extract followed a competitive mode. GC-MS and FT-IR analysis of the n-Hexane fraction identified the compounds Eugenol, Urs-12-en-24-oic acid, 3-oxo-, methyl ester (+)-, phytol, trans-isoeugenol, α-amyrin, and squalene as the potential antidiabetic agents that might be responsible for reducing postprandial blood glucose levels.
Conclusion: These findings show that T. catappa leaf extract contains α-glucosidase inhibitors and therefore serves as a valuable resource in the discovery of natural anti-diabetic agents.
Recent Progress on Stability and Passivation of Black Phosphorus
Authors: Abate Yohannes , Akinwande Deji , Gamage Sampath , Wang Han , Snure Michael , Poudel Nirakar , Cronin Stephen B. 
Published: May 2018

AbstractFrom a fundamental science perspective, black phosphorus (BP) is a canonical example of a material that possesses fascinating surface and electronic properties. It has extraordinary in‐plane anisotropic electrical, optical, and vibrational states, as well as a tunable band gap. However, instability of the surface due to chemical degradation in ambient conditions remains a major impediment to its prospective applications. Early studies were limited by the degradation of black phosphorous surfaces in air. Recently, several robust strategies have been developed to mitigate these issues, and these novel developments can potentially allow researchers to exploit the extraordinary properties of this material and devices made out of it. Here, the fundamental chemistry of BP degradation and the tremendous progress made to address this issue are extensively reviewed. Device performances of encapsulated BP are also compared with nonencapsulated BP. In addition, BP possesses sensitive anisotropic photophysical surface properties such as excitons, surface plasmons/phonons, and topologically protected and Dirac semi‐metallic surface states. Ambient degradation as well as any passivation method used to protect the surface could affect the intrinsic surface properties of BP. These properties and the extent of their modifications by both the degradation and passivation are reviewed.
Quantitative Cryo‐Scanning Transmission Electron Microscopy of Biological Materials
Authors: Elbaum Michael 
Published: May 2018

AbstractElectron tomography provides a detailed view into the 3D structure of biological cells and tissues. Physical fixation by vitrification of the aqueous medium provides the most faithful preservation of biological specimens in the native, fully hydrated state. Cryo‐microscopy is challenging, however, because of the sensitivity to electron irradiation and due to the weak electron scattering of organic material. Tomography is even more challenging because of the dependence on multiple exposures of the same area. Tomographic imaging is typically performed in wide‐field transmission electron microscopy (TEM) mode with phase contrast generated by defocus. Scanning transmission electron microscopy (STEM) is an alternative mode based on detection of scattering from a focused probe beam, without imaging optics following the specimen. While careful configuration of the illumination and detectors is required to generate useful contrast, STEM circumvents the major restrictions of phase contrast TEM to very thin specimens and provides a signal that is more simply interpreted in terms of local composition and density. STEM has gained popularity in recent years for materials science. The extension of STEM to cryomicroscopy and tomography of cells and macromolecules is summarized herein.
Applying spatial–temporal image correlation to the fetal kidney: Repeatability of 3D segmentation and volumetric impedance indices
Authors: Gu Bonita , Stevenson Gordon N. , Ferreira Ana , Pathirana Sudeshni , Sanderson Jennifer , Henry Amanda , Alphonse Jennifer , Welsh Alec W. 
Published: May 2018

AbstractIntroductionSpatiotemporal image correlation (STIC) can evaluate fetal renal impedance using four‐dimensional volumetric indices. We assessed repeatability of three‐dimensional kidney segmentation and the repeatability of the resultant indices.MethodsIn each of 57 healthy pregnant women, three renal artery pulsed‐wave Doppler (PWD) traces and three STIC volumes were acquired from the same fetal kidney and segmented by two observers. Vascularisation‐flow index (VFI) and fractional moving blood volume (FMBV) were calculated for every STIC frame and used to determine the volumetric pulsatility index (vPI), volumetric resistance index (vRI) and volumetric systolic/diastolic ratio (vS/D). Segmentation performance was assessed using Dice similarity coefficients (DSCs), Hausdorff distances, coefficient of variation (CoV) and the intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC). Intra/Inter volumetric index repeatability was assessed using ICCs.ResultsForty‐eight cases (84%) provided full data. Mean intra‐ and interobserver DSCs were 0.90 and 0.81. Mean intra‐ and interobserver Hausdorff distances were 3.88 mm and 5.27 mm. Average kidney volumes for observers 1 and 2 were 9.88 mL and 8.54 mL (mean difference 16.1%). Mean intra‐observer volumetric CoVs were 5.3% and 8.1%. Intra‐ and interobserver ICCs for kidney volume (same STIC volume) were 0.97 and 0.85. When assessing volume variation between STIC volumes, intra‐observer ICC was 0.97. ICCs were 0.77–0.81 for VFI‐derived volumetric indices and 0.61–0.62 for FMBV‐derived indices; ICCs for all PWD indices were between 0.58 and 0.59.ConclusionsPeriodical variation in vascularity was demonstrated in the fetal kidney, and three‐dimensional segmentation was highly repeatable. Derived volumetric impedance indices show moderate variability but outperform corresponding two‐dimensional PWD indices in terms of reproducibility.
MaxSynBio: Avenues Towards Creating Cells from the Bottom Up
Authors: Schwille Petra , Spatz Joachim , Landfester Katharina , Bodenschatz Eberhard , Herminghaus Stephan , Sourjik Victor , Erb Tobias J. , Bastiaens Philippe , Lipowsky Reinhard , Hyman Anthony , Dabrock Peter , Baret Jean‐Christophe , Vidakovic‐Koch Tanja , Bieling Peter , Dimova Rumiana , Mutschler Hannes , Robinson Tom , Tang T.‐Y. Dora , Wegner Seraphine , Sundmacher Kai 
Published: May 2018

AbstractA large German research consortium mainly within the Max Planck Society (“MaxSynBio”) was formed to investigate living systems from a fundamental perspective. The research program of MaxSynBio relies solely on the bottom‐up approach to synthetic biology. MaxSynBio focuses on the detailed analysis and understanding of essential processes of life through modular reconstitution in minimal synthetic systems. The ultimate goal is to construct a basic living unit entirely from non‐living components. The fundamental insights gained from the activities in MaxSynBio could eventually be utilized for establishing a new generation of biotechnological processes, which would be based on synthetic cell constructs that replace the natural cells currently used in conventional biotechnology.
A Metal–Organic Framework with Cooperative Phosphines That Permit Post‐Synthetic Installation of Open Metal Sites
Authors: Dunning Samuel G. , Nandra Gianne , Conn Adam D. , Chai Wenrui , Sikma R. Eric , Lee Ji Sun , Kunal Pranaw , Reynolds Joseph E. , Chang Jong‐San , Steiner Alexander , Henkelman Graeme , Humphrey Simon M. 
Published: May 2018

AbstractPCM‐101 is a phosphine coordination material comprised of tris(p‐carboxylato)triphenylphosphine and secondary pillaring groups coordinated to [M3(OH)]5+ nodes (M=Co, Ni). PCM‐101 has a unique topology in which R3P: sites are arranged directly trans to one another, with a P⋅⋅⋅P separation distance dictated by the pillars. Post‐synthetic coordination of soft metals to the P: sites proceeds at room temperature to provide X‐ray quality crystals that permit full structural resolution. Addition of AuCl groups forces a large distortion of the parent framework. In contrast, CuBr undergoes insertion directly between the trans‐P sites to form dimers that mimic solution‐phase complexes, but that are geometrically strained due to steric pressure exerted by the MOF scaffold. The metalated materials are active in heterogeneous hydroaddition catalysis under mild conditions, yielding different major products compared to their molecular counterparts.
Enantioselective Synthesis of Vicinal All‐Carbon Quaternary Centers via Iridium‐Catalyzed Allylic Alkylation
Authors: Hethcox J. Caleb , Shockley Samantha E. , Stoltz Brian M. 
Published: May 2018

AbstractThe development of the first enantioselective transition‐metal‐catalyzed allylic alkylation providing access to acyclic products bearing vicinal all‐carbon quaternary centers is disclosed. The iridium‐catalyzed allylic alkylation reaction proceeds with excellent yields and selectivities for a range of malononitrile‐derived nucleophiles and trisubstituted allylic electrophiles. The utility of these sterically congested products is explored through a series of diverse chemo‐ and diastereoselective product transformations to afford a number of highly valuable, densely functionalized building blocks, including those containing vicinal all‐carbon quaternary stereocenters.
Margarines Produced From Rice Bran Oil and Fractionated Palm Stearin and Their Characteristics During Storage
Authors: Podchong Pawitchaya , Sonwai Sopark , Rousseau Dérick 
Published: May 2018

AbstractRice bran oil (RBO) usage in Southeast Asia is increasing. The purpose of this study was to incorporate RBO in margarine as a replacement for common oils such as soybean oil. The physicochemical properties of blends of RBO and fractionated palm stearin (FPS) at eleven different weight ratios (from 0:100 to 100:0) were characterized. Results showed that fat blends with ratios of 10:90, 20:80, and 30:70 RBO:FPS were semisolid at ambient temperature, with solid fat contents and a crystal morphology similar to commercial margarine fats. Blends containing ≤30% RBO were made into margarines and compared against commercial margarine over 8 weeks of storage. The margarine with a 20:80 RBO:FPS fat phase was stable against coalescence and phase separation while demonstrating acceptable spreadability and whippability at ambient temperature. Fat crystals in this blend were in the β′ polymorph at all time points during storage, which is a desired characteristic in margarine. This study showed that RBO may be effectively used for margarine production.
Rh(III)‐Catalyzed Phosphine Oxide Migration Reactions: Selective Synthesis of 3‐Phosphinoylindoles
Authors: Wang Chun‐Hai , Yang Shang‐Dong 
Published: May 2018

Abstract3‐Phosphinoylindoles are important components of biological active natural products and materials in pharmaceuticals. Herein, a new approach for the synthesis of 3‐phosphinoylindoles has been established by a Rh(III)‐catalyzed cyclization from readily accessible (2‐azidostyryl)diphenylphosphine oxides. This intramolecular transformation occurs through a unique phosphine oxide group migration and offers a straightforward route to rebuild sp2 C−P bond and construct the indole ring in single step.
Altered resting‐state hippocampal and caudate functional networks in patients with obstructive sleep apnea
Authors: Song Xiaopeng , Roy Bhaswati , Kang Daniel W. , Aysola Ravi S. , Macey Paul M. , Woo Mary A. , Yan‐Go Frisca L. , Harper Ronald M. , Kumar Rajesh 
Published: May 2018

AbstractIntroductionBrain structural injury and metabolic deficits in the hippocampus and caudate nuclei may contribute to cognitive and emotional deficits found in obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) patients. If such contributions exist, resting‐state interactions of these subcortical sites with cortical areas mediating affective symptoms and cognition should be disturbed. Our aim was to examine resting‐state functional connectivity (FC) of the hippocampus and caudate to other brain areas in OSA relative to control subjects, and to relate these changes to mood and neuropsychological scores.MethodsWe acquired resting‐state functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) data from 70 OSA and 89 healthy controls using a 3.0‐Tesla magnetic resonance imaging scanner, and assessed psychological and behavioral functions, as well as sleep issues. After standard fMRI data preprocessing, FC maps were generated for bilateral hippocampi and caudate nuclei, and compared between groups (ANCOVA; covariates, age and gender).ResultsObstructive sleep apnea subjects showed significantly higher levels of anxiety and depressive symptoms over healthy controls. In OSA subjects, the hippocampus showed disrupted FC with the thalamus, para‐hippocampal gyrus, medial and superior temporal gyrus, insula, and posterior cingulate cortex. Left and right caudate nuclei showed impaired FC with the bilateral inferior frontal gyrus and right angular gyrus. In addition, altered limbic‐striatal‐cortical FC in OSA showed relationships with behavioral and neuropsychological variables.ConclusionsThe compromised hippocampal‐cortical FC in OSA may underlie depression and anxious mood levels in OSA, while impaired caudate‐cortical FC may indicate deficits in reward processing and cognition. These findings provide insights into the neural mechanisms underlying the comorbidity of mood and cognitive deficits in OSA.
A comprehensive and perspective view of oncoprotein SET in cancer
Authors: Bayarkhangai Buuvee , Noureldin Suzan , Yu Liting , Zhao Na , Gu Yaru , Xu Hanmei , Guo Changying 
Published: May 2018

AbstractSET is a multifunctional oncoprotein which is ubiquitously expressed in all kinds of cells. The SET protein participates in many cellular processes including cell cycle, cell migration, apoptosis, transcription, and DNA repair. Accumulating evidence demonstrates that the expression and activity of SET correlate with cancer occurrence, metastasis, and prognosis. Therefore, the SET protein is regarded as a potential target for cancer therapy and several inhibitors are being developed for clinical use. Herein, we comprehensively review the physiological and pathological functions of SET as well as its structure‐function relationship. Additionally, the regulatory mechanisms of SET at both transcriptional and posttranslational levels are also discussed.