bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Repeats of Unusual Size in Plant Mitochondrial Genomes: Identification, Incidence and Evolution
Authors: Wynn Emily L , Christensen Alan C 
Published: December 2018

Abstract
Plant mitochondrial genomes have excessive size relative to coding capacity, a low mutation rate in genes and a high rearrangement rate. They also have abundant non-tandem repeats often including pairs of large repeats which cause isomerization of the genome by recombination, and numerous repeats of up to several hundred base pairs that recombine only when the genome is stressed by DNA damaging agents or mutations in DNA repair pathway genes. Early work on mitochondrial genomes led to the suggestion that repeats in the size range from several hundred to a few thousand base pair are underrepresented. The repeats themselves are not well-conserved between species, and are not always annotated in mitochondrial sequence assemblies. We systematically identified and compared these repeats, which are important clues to mechanisms of DNA maintenance in mitochondria. We developed a tool to find and curate non-tandem repeats larger than 50bp and analyzed the complete mitochondrial sequences from 157 plant species. We observed an interesting difference between taxa: the repeats are larger and more frequent in the vascular plants. Analysis of closely related species also shows that plant mitochondrial genomes evolve in dramatic bursts of breakage and rejoining, complete with DNA sequence gain and loss. We suggest an adaptive explanation for the existence of the repeats and their evolution.
Prevalence of Burnout and Career Satisfaction Among Oncologists in China: A National Survey
Authors: Ma Shuxiang , Huang Yan , Yang Yunpeng , Ma Yuxiang , Zhou Ting , Zhao Hongyun , Chen Likun , Zhou Ningning , Zhang Li 
Published: December 2018

Abstract

Background
Burnout and career satisfaction has been extensively studied among U.S. and European oncologists, although little is known about the situation among Chinese oncologists. Therefore, we conducted this national survey to investigate the prevalence of burnout and career satisfaction among Chinese oncologists.

Patients and Methods
Between September 2015 and December 2016, a cross-sectional field survey was conducted through the Chinese Society of Clinical Oncology and the Chinese Committee of Rehabilitation and Palliative Care. The full-length survey consisted of 59 questions investigating personal and professional characteristics and standardized instruments to measure burnout (Maslach Burnout Inventory-Human Service Survey) and career satisfaction. An additional six questions, derived from the National Survey on the Practice of Medicine by Chinese Physicians related to burnout or career satisfaction, were also included.

Results
In total, 3,500 oncologists received the questionnaire, and 2,700 (77.1%) responded, of whom 1,620 (46.3%) were eligible for analysis (median age, 36 years; 56.1% male). Overall, 827 oncologists (51.0%) were burned out. Five factors (lower curative rate of patients, more hours devoted to patient care, more nights on call per week, fewer minutes allocated for return outpatient visits, and more weekends rounding per year) were associated with burnout. Meanwhile, burnout was also strongly associated with a negative view of the physician-patient relationship (p &lt; .001; odds ratio [OR], 2.07). Notably, the career satisfaction (34.4% for career and 52.1% for specialty) of Chinese oncologists was far less than U.S. colleagues, which may result from low compensation (p &lt; .001; OR, 1.660).

Conclusion
The overall prevalence of burnout among oncologists in China was similar to oncologists in the U.S., whereas personal accomplishment and career satisfaction were lower. Interestingly, the reasons were different. Beside high workload, the low curative rate of patients was found to be another factor associated with Chinese physicians’ burnout. The ongoing Chinese health care system reform may improve the current situation.
Outcomes and Toxicities of Programmed Death-1 (PD-1) Inhibitors in Hodgkin Lymphoma Patients in the United States: A Real-World, Multicenter Retrospective Analysis
Authors: Bair Steven M. , Strelec Lauren E. , Feldman Tatyana A. , Ahmed Gulrayz , Armand Philippe , Shah Nirav N. , Singavi Arun N. , Reddy Nishitha , Khan Nadia , Andreadis Charalambos , Vu Khoan , Huntington Scott F. , Giri Smith , Ujjani Chaitra , Howlett Christina , Faheem Malik , Youngman Matthew R. , Nasta Sunita D. , Landsburg Daniel J. , Schuster Stephen J. , Svoboda Jakub 
Published: December 2018

Abstract

Background
Although classical Hodgkin lymphoma (cHL) is highly curable, 20%–30% of patients will not be cured with conventional treatments. The programmed death-1 (PD-1) inhibitors (PD-1i) nivolumab and pembrolizumab have been Food and Drug Administration-approved for relapsed/refractory (R/R) cHL. There is limited data on the real-world experience with PD-1i in cHL and it is unknown whether fewer selected patients treated with PD-1i derive benefits similar to those observed in published trials.

Materials and Methods
We performed a multicenter, retrospective analysis of R/R cHL patients treated with PD-1i in the nontrial setting. The primary objective was to describe progression-free survival (PFS) and overall survival (OS) in this population. Secondary objectives were to characterize response rates, toxicities, discontinuation patterns, and post-PD-1i therapies.

Results
The study included 53 patients from nine U.S. centers. Overall response rate (ORR), complete response (CR), and partial response (PR) to PD-1i were 68%, 45%, and 23%, respectively. Twelve-month OS and PFS were 89% and 75%, respectively; median PFS was 29 months. Ninety-six percent of patients with CR continue to respond at a median follow-up of 20 months. Toxicities were similar to those previously described. Seventy percent of patients treated with systemic therapy after PD-1i demonstrated objective responses.

Conclusion
To our knowledge, this analysis is the first describing real-world experience with PD-1i in cHL patients in the U.S. Here, we demonstrate similar response rates compared to prior studies. The toxicity profile of PD-1i was similar to that seen in previous studies; we further describe toxicity patterns in those with prior autoimmune disease or allogeneic transplant. Post-PD-1i systemic therapies appear active. These results support the effectiveness and tolerability of PD-1i therapy in R/R cHL in a real-world setting.
Calculo de la generación de biogás para el relleno sanitario de la ciudad de Juliaca, utilizando el modelo LandGEM Versión 3.02 de la USEPA y estimación del potencial de producción eléctrica
Authors: MADRIGAL PÉREZ GLEN BRYAN , QUISPE SAAVEDRA JUAN JOSE , VARGAS HUAMAN YOEL MODESTO 
Published: December 2018

Los vertederos y rellenos sanitarios constituyen una fuente importante de biogás resultado de la descomposición del proceso biológico de residuos sólidos orgánicos, conformado principalmente por CH4 y CO2. Existen modelos matemáticos que permiten estimar la producción de biogás en la fuente final de los residuos sólidos municipales (RSM). Por ello, el objetivo de esta investigacion fue estimar la produccion del biogas en fuente del relleno sanitario que se construirá para la ciudad de Juliaca consiederando los residuos sólidos orgánicos que se encuentran en él, para ello se aplicó el modelo “Landfill Gas Emissions Model” (LandGEM, version 3.02). Según nuestros resultados se podrían generar 1.226.945.217 m3 de biogás con una media de 29.925.493,10 m3 de biogás/año llegando a su producción máxima en el año 2044 con 58.285.801,66 m3 biogás/año. En cuanto a la energía total de cogeneración, se estima que podrían llegar a una capacidad máxima de 284.113 MWh/año en el año 2044, además de que la media de producción es de 145.871 MWh/año de los cuales 82.721 MWh/año corresponden a energía térmica y 63.151 MWh/año a energía eléctrica.
PENGARUH IKLIM KOMUNIKASI ORGANISASI TERHADAP KINERJA PEGAWAI
Authors: Nurlidia Fasha , - Rohanda 
Published: December 2018

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui seberapa besar pengaruh faktor kepercayaan, faktor pembuatan keputusan bersama, faktor kejujuran, faktor keterbukaan dalam komunikasi ke atas dan faktor perhatian pada tujuan- tujuan berkinerja tinggi terhadap kinerja pegawai Divisi Pengembangan Ekonomi Daerah Unit Humas dan Komunikasi Publik - Perpustakaan Kantor Perwakilan Bank Indonesia Provinsi Jawa Barat. Metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah metode kuantitatif dengan pendekatan survei eksplanatori. Teknik analisis data yang digunakan adalah teknik analisis data deskriptif dan teknik analisis data inferensial dengan uji statistik analisis jalur (path a nalysis). Teknik pengumpulan data dilakukan dengan angket, obserasi, wawancara dan studi kepustakaan. Hasil penelitian menunjukan bahwa Iklim Komunikasi Organisasi berpengaruh terhadap Kinerja Pegawai Divisi Pengembangan Ekonomi Daerah - Perpustakaan Kantor Perwakilan Bank Indonesia Provinsi Jawa Barat. hal tersebut dapat dilihat dari pengaruh faktor- faktor iklim komunikasi organisasi yang terdiri dari kepercayaan, pembuatan keputusan bersama,faktor kejujuran, faktor keterbukaan dalam komunikasi ke bawah, faktor mendengarkan dalam komunikasi ke atas dan faktor perhatian pada tujuan- tujuan berkinerja tinggi yang dapat memberikan kontribusi positif bagi kinerja pegawai Divisi Pengembangan Ekonomi Daerah Unit Humas dan Komunikasi Publik -Perpustakaan Kantor Perwakilan Bank Indonesia Provinsi Jawa Barat yang terdiri dari atas quality (kualitas), quantity (kuantitas) dan timeliness (ketepatan waktu). Berdasarkan hasil penelitian maka dapat disimpulkan bahwa Iklim Komunikasi Organisasi berpengaruh terhadap Kinerja Pegawai Divisi Pengembangan Ekonomi Daerah, Unit Humas dan Komunikasi Publik - Perpustakaan Kantor Perwakilan Bank Indonesia Provinsi Jawa Barat.
THE CONSENT DECREES IN THE BRAZILIAN CAPITAL MARKET
Authors: Chaves Vinicius Figueiredo , Sertã Alexandre Folly Nogueira 
Published: December 2018

Supported by literature research, document and data collection, an approach concerning the legal regulation of capital market is carried out, starting from the review of the regulatory instrument known as consent decree (settlement). Its first step aims at the clarification of general notions about the roles and segments of capital market, followed by the presentation of the fundamental principles regarding the disciplined set of legal dispositions. In the sequence, some features of the Brazilian regulatory body, the Brazilian Securities and Exchange Commission (CVM), are presented, such as its functions and powers, focusing on the exam of the regulatory provisions contained in the sanctioning administrative process (SAP). In accordance with Article 11, § 5 of Law no 6.385/76, the rules issued by CVM, which govern PAS both in ordinary and in summary rites, prescribe that, once the defendant is summonned, the issuing of a warning to advert about the possibility to propose a term of commitment is mandatory. The acceptance of the term and the consequent compliance to the provisions of the settlement constitute neither the confession to the facts nor the recognition of the illicit nature of investigated conduct. A total number of 405 terms were approved by the regulatory body between 2009 and 2014, which characterizes a wide use of this regulatory instrument. This present analysis concluded that, although the settleement herein presented may be recognized as an important mechanism in the context of capital market regulation, its excessive use constitutes a distortion of both its purposes and of the foundations of normative discipline of the market, and even of the set of functions assigned to CVM.
Çoklu-İlaç Dirençli P. aeruginosa ve E.coli Suşlarında Antibiyotik Direnç Genlerinin ve Sınıf 1 İntegron Gen Kasetlerinin Araştırılması
Authors: ÖZAD DÜZGÜN Azer , SARAL Ayşegül 
Published: December 2018

P. aeruginosa ve E.coli izolatlarının birçok antibiyotiğe direnç kazanması nedeniyle
bu patojenlerin neden olduğu enfeksiyonların tedavisi zorlaşmıştır. Bundan
dolayı klinik izolatlarda antibiyotik direnç genlerinin belirlenmesi büyük önem
arz etmektedir. Bu çalışmanın amacı çoklu-ilaç dirençli P. aeruginosa ve E.coli
klinik suşlarında beta laktamaz direnç genlerinin ve sınıf 1 integronlar gen
kasetlerinin varlığının araştırılmasıdır. Gümüşhane Devlet Hastanesi yoğun
bakım ünitesinde yatan hastaların kan, idrar ve balgam örneklerinden izole
edilen 2 P. aeruginosa ve 2 E.coli izolatlarının tanımlaması ve
antibiyogramı Vitek 2 Compact otomatize sistemi ile çalışılmıştır. Total DNA
izolasyonu kaynatma DNA metoduyla yapılmıştır. blaVIM, blaNDM,
blaIMP, blaGES, blaCTXM-1, blaCTXM-2,
blaOXA-58, blaOXA-23, blaOXA-51, blaOXA-40, blaKPC ve sınıf 1 integron
gen kasetlerine ait primerler kullanılarak PZR’ler gerçekleştirilmiştir.
Amplikasyonun gerçekleştiği tüm örnekler %1’lik agaroz jelde yürütülmüştür ve
daha sonra UV ışığında görünür hale getirilmiştir. Antibiyogram sonucuna göre P. aeruginosa izolatları gentamisin
hariç kullanılan tüm antibiyotiklere karşı direnç gösterdiği belirlenmiştir. E.coli izolatlarının ise karbapenemlere
karşı duyarlı sefalosporin grubu antibiyotiklere karşı dirençli olduğu
görülmüştür. Sınıf A beta laktamaz genlerinden blaCTXM-1 4 suşun 3’ünde bulunurken, hiçbir suşta blaCTXM-2, blaKPC ve blaGES genleri tespit
edilmemiştir. Araştırılan sınıf B ve sınıf D beta laktamaz genlerinin varlığı
hiçbir örnekte görülmemiştir. 3 suşta
sınıf 1 integronun varlığı tespit edilmiştir. DNA dizi analiz sonucuna göre üç
integron pozitif örneğin dfrA17/AadA5
gen kasetine sahip olduğu belirlenmiştir.
El conector ilativo-consecutivo onde en el español medieval = The illative-consecutive connector onde in Medieval Spanish
Authors: Herrero Ruiz de Loizaga Francisco Javier 
Published: December 2018

Onde como conector ilativo-consecutivo continúa el empleo desarrollado por UNDE en el latín tardío y medieval, y se halla preferentemente en textos o fragmentos expositivo-argumentativos, en buena medida como consecuencia de una imitación culta de estos usos latinos. A pesar de su intensidad de empleo durante la Edad Media, su preferencia por determinados contextos en los que tiende a especializarse y la progresiva desaparición de onde como adverbio relativo e interrogativo y su consideración de vulgarismo en este empleo a partir del siglo XVI determinarán la desaparición de este conector, ya desusado en el español clásico.Onde as consecutive connector continues the use developed by UNDE in Late and Medieval Latin, andit is found mainly in expositive-argumentative texts or fragments, largely as a consequence of learnedimitation of these Latin uses. Despite its intense use during the Middle Ages, its preference for certaincontexts in which it tends to specialize and the progressive disappearance of onde as relative and interrogative adverb and its consideration of vulgarism in this adverbial use from the sixteenth century onwill determine the disappearance of this connector, already obsolete in classical Spanish.
Community-Engaged Scholarship and Promotion and Tenure: Lessons from Lynton Award Recipients
Authors: Ward Elaine 
Published: December 2018

In 2008, for my dissertation research, I interviewed 11 faculty members who received the Ernest Lynton Award for the Scholarship of Engagement to examine their experiences with promotion and tenure. There were 3 assistant professors, 1 associate professor, and 7 full professors. All faculty members were female and represented 8 4-year public institutions (4 RU/VH, 2 Master’s and 2 Doctoral Granting Universities) and 3 4-year private institutions (2 Bac/A&S and 1 RU/VH). They represented the humanities (8) and the sciences (3). Through qualitative, semi-structured, opened ended interviews I aimed to understand their experiences with engaged scholarship in the context of promotion and tenure.
Many community-engaged scholars fight to receive the internal validation that Ernest advocated for with Amy Driscoll via Making Outreach Visible: A Guide to Documenting Professional Service and Outreach (1999). Ernest might be somewhat content to know that the award in his name provides external validation that helps legitimize their scholarship at their home institution. I say ‘somewhat content’, because it is clear that Ernest had greater expectations for institutions to value the work of engaged faculty. Amy Driscoll has helped advance Ernest’s vision through her leadership of the collaborative process of that produced the Carnegie Elective Classification for Community Engagement (2008), and its requirement that applicants must show how they address promotion of community engaged scholarship formally via personnel policy i.e. faculty handbooks and contracts. While we find more and more evidence of rewards that value community-engaged scholarship, there is still work to be done to reach broad and consistent equivalence of recognition and rewards across all faculty roles.
Prognostic Significance of Blood Glucose Levels and Alterations Among Patients with Aluminium Phosphide Poisoning
Authors: Sharma Arvind , Balasubramanian Prasanth , Gill Kiran D. , Bhalla Ashish 
Published: December 2018

Objectives: This study aimed to assess the prognostic significance of blood glucose levels and blood glucose alterations (i.e. hyper- or hypoglycaemia) among patients with aluminium phosphide (AlP) poisoning. Methods: This prospective observational study was conducted at the Postgraduate Institute of Medical Education & Research, Chandigarh, India, between January 2010 and June 2011. All patients presenting to the emergency department with a definitive history of AlP ingestion or symptoms compatible with AlP poisoning were included in the study. Blood glucose levels were recorded at presentation and every six hours thereafter. Alterations in blood glucose levels and other clinical and laboratory variables were subsequently compared between survivors and non-survivors. Results: A total of 116 patients with AlP poisoning were identified. Of these, 57 patients (49%) survived and 59 patients (51%) died. At presentation, the mean blood glucose levels of survivors and non-survivors were 119.9 ± 35.7 mg/dL and 159.7 ± 92.5 mg/dL, respectively (P <0.001). In comparison to the survivors, non-survivors had significantly higher heart rates, total leukocyte counts, blood glucose level alterations and serum creatinine levels (P <0.050). In addition, systolic blood pressure, Glasgow coma scale scores, arterial blood gas pH and bicarbonate values and duration of hospital stay was significantly lower compared to survivors (P <0.001). However, neither blood glucose levels at admission nor blood glucose alterations correlated independently with mortality in a multivariate analysis. Conclusion: The role of blood glucose level alterations in predicting patient outcomes in AlP poisoning cases remains inconclusive. Further studies with larger sample sizes are required.Keywords: Aluminum Phosphide; Poisoning; Blood Glucose; Hyperglycemia; Hypoglycemia; Mortality; Prognostic Factors; India.
Diabetic Foot Disease Research in Gulf Cooperation Council Countries: A bibliometric analysis
Authors: Al-Busaidi Ibrahim S. , Abdulhadi Nadia N. , Coppell Kirsten J. 
Published: December 2018

Objectives: Countries in the Gulf Cooperation Council (GCC) have some of the highest prevalence rates of diabetes mellitus (DM) in the world; however, DM-related research activity in this region is limited. This study aimed to examine trends in published diabetic foot disease (DFD) research undertaken in GCC countries. Methods: This bibliometric study was conducted in December 2016. Standardised criteria were used to search the MEDLINE® database (National Library of Medicine, Bethesda, Maryland, USA) for DFD-related publications authored by GCC researchers between January 1990 and December 2015. Various details such as the type of publication, journal impact factor and number of article citations were analysed. Results: A total of 96 research articles were identified. The number of publications per year significantly increased from nil prior to 1991 to 15 in 2015 (P <0.01). Basic/clinical research articles accounted for 96.9% of publications, with three randomised controlled trials and no systematic reviews/meta-analyses. When adjusted for population size, Kuwait had the highest number of published papers per year, followed by Bahrain and Qatar. The number of authors per publication significantly increased during the study period (P = 0.02). However, 16 articles (16.7%) had no citations. The median journal impact factor was 0.15 ± 1.19 (range: 0–6.04). Conclusion: The number of publications authored by GCC researchers has risen in recent years. Increasing research funding and promoting collaboration between local and international researchers and institutes are recommended to bolster research regarding DFD prevention and management in GCC countries.Keywords: Bibliometric Analysis; Diabetes Mellitus; Diabetic Foot; Research; Publications; Arab Countries; Gulf Cooperation Council.
Obstetric and Neonatal Outcomes of Pregnant Indian Pilgrims: A three-year experience at the Indian Hajj Medical Mission
Authors: Khan Shazia , Khan Inam D. 
Published: December 2018

Objectives: The Hajj, an annual mass gathering of Muslim pilgrims, is known for its high morbidity and mortality rates. However, pregnant women sometimes participate in this pilgrimage, despite guidelines that discourage such an undertaking due to potential fetomaternal complications. This study aimed to evaluate fetomaternal outcomes among pregnant Indian Hajj pilgrims. Methods: This prospective cross-sectional study was conducted at two Indian Hajj Medical Mission (IHMM)-affiliated secondary care hospitals in Saudi Arabia during the Hajj periods of August–October 2015 and 2016 and July–September 2017. All female Indian pilgrims of reproductive age who underwent pregnancy screening at secondary care IHMM hospitals during this period were included in the study. Definitive obstetric care was provided at the Makkah Maternity & Child Hospital. Data regarding the pilgrims’ obstetric characteristics, antenatal complications, management and fetomaternal outcomes were evaluated. Results: A total of 114 pregnant Indian pilgrims were identified during the study period. The most common antenatal complications were respiratory tract infections (51.75%), followed by iron deficiency anaemia (17.54%), hyperemesis gravidarum (14.04%), hypothyroidism (9.65%) and gestational diabetes mellitus (5.26%). There were 20 vaginal deliveries (17.54%), two Caesarean sections (1.75%) and 32 abortions (28.07%). The cumulative three-year birth rate was 24.60 per 1,000 females. Conclusion: During Hajj, pregnant pilgrims have a high risk of abortion, respiratory tract infections and various antenatal, perinatal and neonatal complications which may go unreported or untreated. Women should therefore be educated regarding the risk of adverse fetomaternal outcomes which may occur while undertaking a Hajj pilgrimage during pregnancy.Keywords: Travel Medicine; Muslims; Pregnancy Outcomes; Miscarriage; Respiratory Infections; Saudi Arabia.