bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Creating impactful characters
Authors: Kuo Calvin , Liang Ziheng , Fan Ye , Blouin Jean-Sébastien , Pai Dinesh K. 
Published: July 2019

Human motion capture using video-based or sensor-based methods gives animators the capability to directly translate complex human motions to create lifelike character animations. Advances in motion capture algorithms have improved their accuracy for estimating human generalized motion coordinates (joint angles and body positions). However, the traditional motion capture pipeline is not well suited to measure short duration, high acceleration impacts, such as running and jumping footstrikes. While high acceleration impacts have minimal influence on generalized coordinates, they play a big role in exciting soft tissue dynamics.
Here we present a method for correcting motion capture trajectories using a sparse set of inertial measurement units (IMUs) collecting at high sampling rates to produce more accurate impact accelerations without sacrificing accuracy of the generalized coordinates representing gross motions. We demonstrate the efficacy of our method by correcting human motion captured experimentally using commercial motion capture systems with high rate IMUs sampling at 400Hz during basketball jump shots and running. With our method, we automatically corrected 185 jumping impacts and 1266 running impacts from 5 subjects. Post correction, we found an average increase of 84.6% and 91.1% in pelvis vertical acceleration and ankle dorsiflexion velocity respectively for basketball jump shots, and an average increase of 110% and 237% in pelvis vertical acceleration and ankle plantarflexion velocity respectively for running. In both activities, pelvis vertical position and ankle angle had small corrections on average below 2.0cm and 0.20rad respectively. Finally, when driving a human rig with soft tissue dynamics using corrected motions, we found a 143.4% and 11.2% increase in soft tissue oscillation amplitudes in basketball jump shots and running respectively. Our methodology can be generalized to correct impact accelerations for other body segments, and provide new tools to create realistic soft tissue animations during dynamic activities for more lifelike characters and better motion reconstruction for biomechanical analyses.
Cancer and the Circadian Clock
Authors: Shafi Ayesha A. , Knudsen Karen E. 
Published: July 2019

Abstract
The circadian clock is a master regulator of mammalian physiology, regulating daily oscillations of crucial biological processes and behaviors. Notably, circadian disruption has recently been identified as an independent risk factor for cancer and classified as a carcinogen. As such, it is imperative to discern the underpinning mechanisms by which circadian disruption alters cancer risk. Emergent data, reviewed herein, demonstrate that circadian regulatory functions play critical roles in several hallmarks of cancer, including control of cell proliferation, cell death, DNA repair, and metabolic alteration. Developing a deeper understanding of circadian-cancer regulation cross-talk holds promise for developing new strategies for cancer interception, prevention, and management.
Subclinical Iron Deficiency in Non-Anemic Individuals: A Retrospective Analysis of Korean Health Examinees
Authors: Nah Eun-Hee , Cho Han-Ik , Cho Seon , Kim Suyoung 
Published: July 2019

<b><i>Objectives:</i></b> Non-anemic individuals may have undetected subclinical iron deficiency (SID). The aims of this study were to determine the prevalence of SID and identify the associated factors for SID. In addition, the screening performance of red blood cell (RBC) indices for SID in health check-ups was assessed. <b><i>Methods:</i></b> This study was conducted with 16,485 non-anemic health examinees (3,567 males and 12,918 females) who underwent tests for iron variables (serum iron, total iron-binding capacity, ferritin, and iron saturation) at 16 health-promotion centers in 13 cities in Korea between January 2017 and June 2018. SID was defined as a decreased ferritin level (&#x3c;24 µg/L in males and &#x3c;15 µg/L in females) and either a decreased serum iron level (&#x3c;44 µg/dL in males and &#x3c;29 µg/dL in females) or a transferrin saturation of &#x3c;20%. <b><i>Results:</i></b> The prevalence rates of SID were 0.6 and 3.3% in males and females, respectively. In terms of age and sex, SID was most prevalent in males aged ≥70 years (7.8%) and females aged 15–49 years (7.6%). There were significant differences in the hemoglobin (Hb) level, white blood cell count, platelet count, mean corpuscular volume, mean corpuscular Hb (MCH), and RBC distribution width (RDW) between the SID and non-SID groups (<i>p</i> &#x3c; 0.001). The factors associated with SID in males were older age (odds ratio, OR, 1.069, 95% confidence interval, CI, 1.03–1.109, <i>p</i> = 0.004), lower Hb (OR 0.58, 95% CI 0.345–0.976, <i>p</i> = 0.04), lower MCH (OR 0.433, 95% CI 0.298–0.629, <i>p</i> &#x3c; 0.001), and higher RDW (OR 1.374, 95% CI 1.001–1.887, <i>p</i> = 0.049), while in females they were lower body mass index (BMI; OR 0.929, 95% CI 0.895–0.963,<i> p</i> &#x3c; 0.001) and younger age (OR 0.954, 95% CI 0.945–0.963, <i>p</i> &#x3c; 0.001), as well as lower Hb, lower MCH, and higher RDW. The AUC for the MCH (0.877, 95% CI 0.793–0.960 in males; 0.872, 95% CI 0.853–0.890 in females) indicates that the MCH at cut-offs of 29.2 and 29.3 pg are the best discriminators of SID in males and females, respectively (<i>p</i> &#x3c; 0.001). <b><i>Conclusions:</i></b> Reproductive-age females with a lower BMI and elderly males are high-risk groups for SID. MCH is a reliable RBC index for the screening of SID. For the population with defined risk factors, including females with lower BMI and elderly males, screening for SID is needed to prevent the development of anemia.
Effects of Cinnamaldehyde on Smooth Muscle Preparations
Authors: Sandor Zsolt Istvan , Bencsik Timea , Dekany Andras , Bartho Lorand 
Published: July 2019

The effects of cinnamaldehyde (CNA), known as a transient receptor potential ankyrin 1 (TRPA1) agonist, on guinea-pig ileum and urinary bladder were studied in isolated organ experiments. Contractile effects were found to be present on both preparations. In the ileum, both cholinergic and purinergic (pyridoxalphosphate-6-azophenyl-2′,4′-disulphonic acid tetrasodium salt-sensitive) mechanisms are involved; the TRPA1 antagonist A967079 (1 µmol/L) significantly reduced the response. The contractile response to CNA in the bladder, but not in the ileum, was significantly reduced by in vitro capsaicin desensitization. In the bladder A967079 or the TRPV1 antagonist, BCTC failed to reduce the response. A direct relaxation on the smooth muscle was detected in the precontracted ileum. In the precontracted urinary bladder, CNA also caused relaxation that was insensitive to capsaicin pretreatment. It is suggested that CNA excites the muscles of the bladder via activation of capsaicin-sensitive nerves; in the ileum, it may interact with TRPA1 located on tissue elements that initiate both purinergic and cholinergic mechanisms. The relaxant effects of CNA may be due to the direct inhibition of the smooth muscles.
Death, Afterlife and Corpse Pollution: The Meaning of the Expression ṭāmēˀ la-nepeš
Authors: Feder Yitzhaq 
Published: July 2019

Abstract
This article investigates the conceptual background of the notion of corpse pollution as represented by the Priestly expression ṭāmēˀ la-nepeš. Contrary to the growing tendency to view it as a late introduction to Israelite religion, the analysis will situate corpse impurity in relation to broader biblical and West Semitic conceptions of the afterlife. This discussion will serve as the basis for the further question whether this type of pollution was related to a fear of ghosts.
The Old Prophet’s Deceit, Jeroboam’s Golden Calves and the Disobedience of the Man of God (1 Kgs 12:25-13:34)
Authors: Kim Daewook 
Published: July 2019

Abstract
This paper seeks to determine the author(s)’s rhetorical purpose in 1 Kgs 12:25-13:34 by exploring the similarities and differences between the characters, and examining related passages. After this examination, the following conclusions are arrived at: first, because of the old prophet’s deceit and the disobedience of the man of God, the true and false prophets are not clearly distinguished in the narrative; second, the comparison between Jeroboam and the old prophet reveals that disobedience, which is equated with idolatry, is more evil than false prophecy; and third, Yhwh’s prohibitions, which are associated with Jeroboam and the man of God, serve the rhetorical purpose of denunciating Jeroboam’s innovations and stressing obedience to Yhwh, that is, an adherence to Mosaic law. Consequently, the Mosaic law, which condemns idolatry, is seen to be more important than prophecy.
Nineveh’s Pretensions to Divine Power in Nahum 3:16
Authors: Quine Cat 
Published: July 2019

Abstract
With the exception of Nahum 3:16, in the Hebrew Bible Yahweh alone has the power to multiply humans so that they will be as innumerable as the stars. Nineveh’s multiplication of her merchants “more than the stars of the heavens” (Nah 3:16) was, therefore, tantamount to a challenge to Yahweh’s divine power. The destruction of Nineveh demonstrated that Yahweh answered this challenge.
The Architectural Bias in Current Biblical Archaeology
Authors: Ben-Yosef Erez 
Published: July 2019

Abstract
This paper aims at highlighting a methodological flaw in current biblical archaeology, which became apparent as a result of recent research in the Aravah’s Iron Age copper production centers. In essence, this flaw, which cuts across all schools of biblical archaeology, is the prevailing, overly simplistic approach applied to the identification and interpretation of nomadic elements in biblical-era societies. These elements have typically been described as representing only one form of social organization, which is simple and almost negligible in historical reconstructions. However, the unique case of the Aravah demonstrates that the role of nomads in shaping the history of the southern Levant has been underestimated and downplayed in the research of the region, and that the total reliance on stone-built archaeological features in the identification of social complexity in the vast majority of recent studies has resulted in skewed historical reconstructions. Recognizing this “architectural bias” and understanding its sources have important implications on core issues in biblical archaeology today, as both “minimalists” and “maximalists” have been using stone-built architectural remains as the key to solving debated issues related to the geneses of Ancient Israel and neighboring polities (e.g., “high” vs. “low” Iron Age chronologies), in which— according to both biblical accounts and external sources—nomadic elements played a major role.
Resisting the Empire in Young Adult Fiction: Lessons from Hunger Games
Authors: Cronshaw Darren 
Published: July 2019

Abstract
Hunger Games are young adult fiction and movie franchises, which address issues of Empire, border control, politics of fear, human rights, gender, ethnicity, refugees and global inequity. The narrative of Hunger Games echoes the dilemmas of balancing personal sovereignty and self-fulfillment with the struggle that goes on for advocacy for social and political change. They make heroes of protagonists who rebel against the status quo and make a stand for justice in oppressive social-political contexts. The basic plot is ancient, but it is striking a chord with a generation of westerners who are disaffected with current societal and political trends. This article is a literary analysis of Hunger Games, analyzing its treatment of public theology, sovereignty and justice issues, especially for younger adults. It affirms the appeal of the books for resisting oppression, but questions unchallenged assumptions about ethnicity, gender, retributive violence and personal authenticity.
An Ecclesiological Praxis of Inclusivity toward Sexual Diversity and HIV: Learning from Singapore and the Philippines
Authors: Goh Joseph N. , Meneses Kristine C. , Messer Donald E. 
Published: July 2019

Abstract
Many lesbian, gay, bisexual and transgender people (LGBT), and people living with HIV (PLHIV) feel estranged from and misunderstood by their Christian communities. Churches, in turn, continue to wrestle with issues of theology and pastoral care pertaining to LGBT and PHIV. In response, this article aims to construct an ecclesiological praxis of inclusivity toward LGBT and PLHIV. Framed by Elisabeth Schüsler Fiorenza’s notion of Jesus’ basileia vision as the praxis of inclusive wholeness, we analyze, interpret and theologize narratives from elite interviews with three community leader-practitioners in Singapore and the Philippines who shared on their ministerial struggles, practices and visions. We suggest that churches can take the lead to engender an ecclesiological praxis of inclusivity by being (i) spaces of support, belonging and dignity for LGBT and PLHIV; and (ii) avenues for fostering dialogue with LGBT and PLHIV to articulate God’s inclusive love.
Religious Violence and the Ministry of Religion: ‘Public Religion’ in the Pancasila-based State of Indonesia
Authors: Intan Benyamin 
Published: July 2019

Abstract
Religious violence in Indonesia has its origins mainly in factors that are external to religion. One factor in particular is the striving for political power initiated by the Ministry of Religion wherein religion and the state seek to subordinate the other. Within the Pancasila-based state religions have been enabled to live together in peace and harmony; opportunities have been created in which each religion can play an active role in the public sphere. This principle allows all religions and beliefs to function in public life. In a society like Indonesia a civil society—and how a particular religion functions—must begin with the reality of religious diversity. On this foundation a ‘public religion’ in the service of a civil society has the potential to be a transforming and liberating power necessary for democratic socio-political life.
River Discharge Estimation based on Satellite Water Extent and Topography: An Application over the Amazon
Authors: Lan Anh Dinh Thi , Aires Filipe 
Published: July 2019

Abstract
River discharge (RD) estimates are necessary for many applications, including water management, flood risk, and water cycle studies. Satellite-derived long-term GIEMS-D3 surface water extent (SWE) maps and HydroSHEDS data, at 90-m resolution, are here used to estimate several hydrological quantities at a monthly time scale over a few selected locations within the Amazon basin. Two methods are first presented to derive the water level (WL): the “hypsometric curve” and the “histogram cutoff” approaches at an 18 km × 18 km resolution. The obtained WL values are interpolated over the whole water mask using a bilinear interpolation. The two methods give similar results and validation with altimetry is satisfactory, with a correlation ranging from 0.72 to 0.89 in the seven considered stations over three rivers (i.e., Wingu, Negro, and Solimoes Rivers). River width (RW) and water volume change (WVC) are also estimated. WVC is evaluated with GRACE total water storage change, and correlations range from 0.77 to 0.88. A neural network (NN) statistical model is then used to estimate the RD based on four predictors (SWE, WL, WVC, and RW) and on in situ RD measurements. Results compare well to in situ measurements with a correlation of about 0.97 for the raw data (and 0.84 for the anomalies). The presented methodologies show the potential of historical satellite data (the combination of SWE with topography) to help estimate RD. Our study focuses here on a large river in the Amazon basin at a monthly scale; additional analyses would be required for other rivers, including smaller ones, in different environments, and at higher temporal scale.
Performance of Various Forms of the Palmer Drought Severity Index in China from 1961 to 2013
Authors: Zhong Ziqian , He Bin , Guo Lanlan , Zhang Yafeng 
Published: July 2019

Abstract
A topic of ongoing debate on the application of PDSI is whether to use the original version of the PDSI or a self-calibrating form, as well as which method to use for calculating potential evapotranspiration (PET). In this study, the performances of four forms of the PDSI, including the original PDSI based on the Penman–Monteith method for calculating PET (ETp), the PDSI based on the crop reference evapotranspiration method for calculating PET (ET0), the self-calibrating PDSI (scPDSI) based on ETp, and the scPDSI based on ET0, were evaluated in China using the normalized difference vegetation index (NDVI), modeled soil moisture anomalies (SMA), and the terrestrial water storage deficit index (WSDI). The interannual variations of all forms of PDSI agreed well with each other and presented a weak increasing trend, suggesting a climate wetting in China from 1961 to 2013. PDSI-ET0 correlated more closely with NDVI anomalies, SMA, and WSDI than did PDSI-ETp in northern China, especially in northeastern China, while PDSI-ETp correlated more closely with SMA and WSDI in southern China. PDSI-ET0 performed better than PDSI-ETp in regions where the annual average rainfall is between 350 and 750 mm yr−1. The spatial comparability of scPDSI was better than that of PDSI, while the PDSI correlated more closely with NDVI anomalies, SMA, and WSDI than did scPDSI in most regions of China. Knowledge from this study provides important information for the choice of PDSI forms when it is applied for different practices.
Quality of Voice and Prognostic Markers for the Recovery of Vocal Fold Paralysis After Thyroid Surgery
Authors: Reiter Rudolf , Heyduck Adrienne , Hoffmann Thomas Karl , Brosch Sibylle , Buchberger Maria Anna , Schorer Katharina , Weber Theresa , Pickhard Anja 
Published: July 2019

Objectives: This study is set to analyze clinicopathological factors predicting the recovery of unilateral vocal fold paralysis (UVP) in patients after thyroid gland surgery. The quality of voice was additionally assessed in these patients. Methods: The charts and videolaryngostroboscopy (VLS) examinations of 84 consecutive patients with a complete UVP after surgery of the thyroid gland were retrospectively reviewed. Patients were divided into 2 groups: patients who fully recovered from vocal fold paralysis and those who failed to recover after a follow-up of 12 months. The quality of voice was analyzed among other things by determining the Voice Handicap Index (VHI). Results: The UVP fully recovered in 52 of 84 (61.9%) patients. Positive mucosal waves (pMWs) on the paralyzed side, a minimal glottic gap <3 mm seen at the first postoperative VLS, age ≤50 years, and surgery duration ≤120 minutes were associated factors for a complete recovery of nerve function. The voice parameters improved independently from recovery of the paralysis in 90% of the patients. Conclusions: For patients with a poor prognosis of a UVP, early intervention may be beneficial. Thus, predicting factors for a full recovery of vocal fold motion would be a valuable tool. In our cohort, about 60% of recoveries could have been predicted using the above-mentioned parameters. Good quality of voice was independently reached in 90% of the cases.
Sedation with alfentanil versus fentanyl in patients receiving extracorporeal membrane oxygenation: outcomes from a single-centre retrospective study
Authors: Barker Mike , Dixon Alison A , Camporota Luigi , Barrett Nick A , Wan Ruth Y Y 
Published: July 2019

Introduction: In November 2016, our institution switched from alfentanil to fentanyl for analgesia and sedation in adult patients receiving extracorporeal membrane oxygenation. There is no published evidence comparing the use of alfentanil with fentanyl for sedation in extracorporeal membrane oxygenation patients. We conducted a retrospective observational study to explore any significant differences in patient outcomes or in the prescribing of adjunct sedatives before and after the switch. Methods: Patients were retrospectively identified from a prospectively recorded database of all patients who received extracorporeal membrane oxygenation at our institution between January 2016 and October 2017. Patients included those sedated with alfentanil or fentanyl. The total daily doses of intravenous opioids (alfentanil or fentanyl) were calculated for each patient, and the prescribing of adjunctive sedative or analgesic agents was recorded. Patient demographics, extracorporeal membrane oxygenation modality, clinical outcomes including mortality and length of intensive care and hospital stay were recorded. Results: A total of 174 patients were identified, 69 on alfentanil and 95 on fentanyl. There was no difference found between groups for mode of extracorporeal membrane oxygenation, age, Acute Physiology and Chronic Health Evaluation 2 score (APACHE II) and Charlson score, except for body mass index (p = 0.002). No differences in patient outcomes was observed between groups, although patients in the alfentanil group received a significantly higher median total daily dose of adjuvant sedatives (quetiapine (p = 0.016) and midazolam (p = 0.009)). Conclusions: No differences in patient outcomes were found between extracorporeal membrane oxygenation patients sedated with alfentanil compared with fentanyl. There was a statistically significant reduction in some adjunctive sedatives in patients managed with a fentanyl-based regimen. Prospective studies are required to confirm these results.
Comparing in-patient extracorporeal cardiopulmonary resuscitation to standard cardiac treatment group of extracorporeal membrane oxygenation patients: 8 years of experience at a single institution
Authors: Liem Spencer , Cavarocchi Nicholas C , Hirose Hitoshi 
Published: July 2019

Introduction: Post-cardiac arrest survivals remain low despite the effort of cardiopulmonary resuscitation. Utilization of extracorporeal membrane oxygenation during cardiopulmonary resuscitation (extracorporeal cardiopulmonary resuscitation) can provide immediate cardiovascular support and potentially improve outcomes of patients with cardiac arrest requiring cardiopulmonary resuscitation. There is renewed interest in the use of extracorporeal cardiopulmonary resuscitation due to improved outcomes over the years. Methods: Extracorporeal membrane oxygenation data between 2010 and 2018 were reviewed. Patients with extracorporeal membrane oxygenation placed under cardiopulmonary resuscitation were identified, and demographics, extracorporeal membrane oxygenation survival, survival to discharge, and neurological recovery were retrospectively analyzed with institutional review board approval. Results: Among 230 cases of extracorporeal membrane oxygenation, 34 (21 males and 13 females, age of 49 ± 13 years) underwent extracorporeal cardiopulmonary resuscitation. The mean duration of extracorporeal membrane oxygenation support after extracorporeal cardiopulmonary resuscitation was 8.3 ± 7.9 days. Extracorporeal membrane oxygenation mortality among extracorporeal cardiopulmonary resuscitation patients was 32% (11/34) and hospital survival was 38% (13/34), which are similar to standard cardiac extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (extracorporeal membrane oxygenation survival 62% and hospital survival 39% in cardiac extracorporeal membrane oxygenation). Among the extracorporeal membrane oxygenation death after extracorporeal cardiopulmonary resuscitation, the majority was due to neurological injury (73%, 8/11); 8/34 extracorporeal membrane oxygenation survival rate and 30-day survival rate were 63% and 25% in early half of study (2010-2014) and have improved to 70% and 60% in late half of study (2014-2018). Conclusion: Over years of experience with extracorporeal membrane oxygenation, the outcome of the extracorporeal cardiopulmonary resuscitation has been improving and appears to exceed those of traditional methods, despite limited sample size. Neurological complications still need to be addressed in order for survival and outcomes to improve.