bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Stellar Populations of over 1000 z ∼ 0.8 Galaxies from LEGA-C: Ages and Star Formation Histories from Dn4000 and Hδ
Authors: Wu 吳柏 Po-Feng 鋒 , Wel Arjen van der , Gallazzi Anna , Bezanson Rachel , Pacifici Camilla , Straatman Caroline , Franx Marijn , Barišić Ivana , Bell Eric F. , Brammer Gabriel B. , Calhau Joao , Chauke Priscilla , Houdt Josha van , Maseda Michael V. , Muzzin Adam , Rix Hans-Walter , Sobral David , Spilker Justin , Sande Jesse van de , Dokkum Pieter van , Wild Vivienne 
Published: March 2018

Abstract
Drawing from the LEGA-C data set, we present the spectroscopic view of the stellar population across a large volume- and mass-selected sample of galaxies at large look-back time. We measure the 4000 Å break (D
n
4000) and Balmer absorption line strengths (probed by Hδ) from 1019 high-quality spectra of z = 0.6–1.0 galaxies with M
* = 2 × 1010
M
⊙ to 3 × 1011
M
⊙. Our analysis serves as a first illustration of the power of high-resolution, high signal-to-noise ratio continuum spectroscopy at intermediate redshifts as a qualitatively new tool to constrain galaxy formation models. The observed D
n
4000–EW(Hδ) distribution of our sample overlaps with the distribution traced by present-day galaxies, but z ∼ 0.8 galaxies populate that locus in a fundamentally different manner. While old galaxies dominate the present-day population at all stellar masses >2 × 1010
M
⊙, we see a bimodal D
n
4000–EW(Hδ) distribution at z ∼ 0.8, implying a bimodal light-weighted age distribution. The light-weighted age depends strongly on stellar mass, with the most massive galaxies >1 × 1011
M
⊙ being almost all older than 2 Gyr. At the same time, we estimate that galaxies in this high-mass range are only ∼3 Gyr younger than their z ∼ 0.1 counterparts, at odds with purely passive evolution given a difference in look-back time of >5 Gyr; younger galaxies must grow to >1011
M
⊙ in the meantime, or small amounts of young stars must keep the light-weighted ages young. Star-forming galaxies at z ∼ 0.8 have stronger Hδ absorption than present-day galaxies with the same D
n
4000, implying larger short-term variations in star formation activity.
Enhanced Stellar Activity for Slow Antisolar Differential Rotation?
Authors: Brandenburg Axel , Giampapa Mark S. 
Published: March 2018

Abstract
High-precision photometry of solar-like members of the open cluster M67 with Kepler/K2 data has recently revealed enhanced activity for stars with a large Rossby number, which is the ratio of rotation period to the convective turnover time. Contrary to the well established behavior for shorter rotation periods and smaller Rossby numbers, the chromospheric activity of the more slowly rotating stars of M67 was found to increase with increasing Rossby number. Such behavior has never been reported before, although it was theoretically predicted to emerge as a consequence of antisolar differential rotation (DR) for stars with Rossby numbers larger than that of the Sun, because in those models the absolute value of the DR was found to exceed that for solar-like DR. Using gyrochronological relations and an approximate age of 4 Gyr for the members of M67, we compare with computed rotation rates using just the B − V color. The resulting rotation–activity relation is found to be compatible with that obtained by employing the measured rotation rate. This provides additional support for the unconventional enhancement of activity at comparatively low rotation rates and the possible presence of antisolar differential rotation.
The First Hours of the GW170817 Kilonova and the Importance of Early Optical and Ultraviolet Observations for Constraining Emission Models
Authors: Arcavi Iair 
Published: March 2018

Abstract
The kilonova associated with GW170817 displayed early blue emission, which has been interpreted as a signature of either radioactive decay in low-opacity ejecta, relativistic boosting of radioactive decay in high-velocity ejecta, the cooling of material heated by a wind or by a “cocoon” surrounding a jet, or a combination thereof. Distinguishing between these mechanisms is important for constraining the ejecta components and their parameters, which tie directly into the physics we can learn from these events. I compile published ultraviolet, optical, and infrared light curves of the GW170817 kilonova and examine whether the combined data set can be used to distinguish between early-emission models. The combined optical data show an early rise consistent with radioactive decay of low-opacity ejecta as the main emission source, but the subsequent decline is fit well by all models. A lack of constraints on the ultraviolet flux during the first few hours after discovery allows for both radioactive decay and other cooling mechanisms to explain the early bolometric light curve. This analysis demonstrates that early (few hours after merger) high-cadence optical and ultraviolet observations will be critical for determining the source of blue emission in future kilonovae.
Baryon Budget of the Hot Circumgalactic Medium of Massive Spiral Galaxies
Authors: Li Jiang-Tao , Bregman Joel N. , Wang Q. Daniel , Crain Robert A. , Anderson Michael E. 
Published: March 2018

Abstract
The baryon content around local galaxies is observed to be much less than is needed in Big Bang nucleosynthesis. Simulations indicate that a significant fraction of these “missing baryons” may be stored in a hot tenuous circumgalactic medium (CGM) around massive galaxies extending to or even beyond the virial radius of their dark matter halos. Previous observations in X-ray and Sunyaev–Zel’dovich (SZ) signals claimed that ∼(1–50)% of the expected baryons are stored in a hot CGM within the virial radius. The large scatter is mainly caused by the very uncertain extrapolation of the hot gas density profile based on the detection in a small radial range (typically within 10%–20% of the virial radius). Here, we report stacking X-ray observations of six local isolated massive spiral galaxies from the CGM-MASS sample. We find that the mean density profile can be characterized by a single power law out to a galactocentric radius of ≈200 kpc (or ≈130 kpc above the 1σ background uncertainty), about half the virial radius of the dark matter halo. We can now estimate that the hot CGM within the virial radius accounts for (8 ± 4)% of the baryonic mass expected for the halos. Including the stars, the baryon fraction is (27 ± 16)%, or (39 ± 20)% by assuming a flattened density profile at r ≳ 130 kpc. We conclude that the hot baryons within the virial radius of massive galaxy halos are insufficient to explain the “missing baryons.”
Identification of MHC Class Ib Ligands for Stimulatory and Inhibitory Ly49 Receptors and Induction of Potent NK Cell Alloresponses in Rats
Authors: Dai Ke-Zheng , Ryan James C. , Naper Christian , Vaage John T. 
Published: March 2018

Abstract
Early studies indicate that rats may have a repertoire of MHC class Ib–reactive Ly49 stimulatory receptors capable of mounting memory-like NK cell alloresponses. In this article, we provide molecular and functional evidence for this assumption. Pairs of Ly49 receptors with sequence similarities in the lectin-like domains, but with opposing signaling functions, showed specificity for ligands with class Ia–like structural features encoded from the first telomeric MHC class Ib gene cluster, RT1-CE, which is syntenic with the H2-D/H2-L/H2-Q cluster in mice. The activating Ly49s4 receptor and its inhibitory counterparts, Ly49i4 and Ly49i3, reacted with all allelic variants of RT1-U, whereas Ly49s5 and Ly49i5 were specific for RT1-Eu. NK cell cytolytic responses were predictably activated and inhibited, and potent in vivo NK alloresponses were induced by repeated MHC class Ib alloimmunizations. Additional Ly49–class Ib interactions, including RT1-Cl with the Ly49s4/Ly49i4/Ly49i3 group of receptors, were characterized using overexpressed receptor/ligand pairs, in vitro functional assays, and limited mutational analyses. Obvious, as well as subtle, Ly49–class Ib interactions led to ligand-induced receptor calibration and NK subset expansions in vivo. Together, these studies suggest that in vivo NK alloresponses are controlled by pleomorphic Ly49–class Ib interactions, some of which may not be easily detectable in vitro.
Civic and political rights of the Batwa ethnic minority in local governance at village level: The case of Kanungu District
Authors: Kibukamusoke Martha , Alemiga Jimmy 
Published: March 2018

Since the 1970s, the Batwa ethnic minority group has been considered as a less superior group of human beings. They were forcefully evicted from the forest around Echuya Forest Reserve in Kisoro and Kabale districts of South-Western Uganda. The Batwa in Uganda are one of the most defenceless (vulnerable), marginalised, voiceless (powerless) and endangered ethnic minority group in the districts they live in. In turn, their civic and political rights (the right to vote and the right to be voted) in local council (LC) elections have been ignored partly because of poor sensitisation to and awareness of the Batwa people by all stakeholders. The purpose of this study was to investigate the civic and political rights of the Batwa people in Uganda. The key questions to be addressed include: 1. Is the Batwa ethnic minority group aware of the right to vote in Local Council 1 elections in the communities?2. Is the Batwa ethnic minority group aware of the right to be voted for in Local Council 1 elections in their communities?
Haemoseal Spray for Nonvariceal Gastrointestinal Bleeding: An Initial Experience from India
Authors: Sonthalia Nikhil , Jain Samit , Pawar Vinay , Pawar Sunil , Surude Ravindra , Rathi Pravin M. , Contractor Qais 
Published: March 2018

ABSTRACT
Background and Aims: The aim was to reflect the use and effectiveness of Haemoseal spray as a treatment option in gastrointestinal (GI) bleed in everyday gastroenterology practice. Materials and Methods: This was a single‑center, retrospective observational study conducted over a period of 12 months from January 2016 to December 2016. Consecutive patients of upper or lower GI bleed where haemoseal powder was used either as salvage therapy after a failed hemostasis or as an add‑on to the standard methods or as monotherapy were identified and analyzed. Results: Of 284 patients with GI bleed, haemoseal spray was used in 20 (7.04%) patients. Bleeding was due to duodenal ulcer in 7 (35%), gastric ulcer 3 (15%), esophageal ulcer 2 (10%), colonic postpolypectomy bleed 2 (10%), gastric carcinoma 2 (10%), Mallory‑Weiss tear 1 (5%), postsphincterotomy bleed 1 (5%), gastric antral vascular ectasia 1 (5%), and portal hypertensive gastropathy 1 (5%). The nature of bleed was oozing in 17 (85%) and spurting in 3 (15%). Initial hemostasis when used as monotherapy was seen in 3/3, as add‑on therapy in 6/6, and as salvage therapy in 9/11 patients. Rebleed was seen in 4 (20%) and 30‑day mortality was seen in 2 (10%) patients. Rebleed rate at day 7 was more in monotherapy cases; however, the difference was not statistically significant (33.33% vs. 16.66% vs. 18.18%, P = 0.819). Conclusion: Haemoseal spray is an effective hemostatic agent in various clinical situations with GI bleeding, especially when used as salvage therapy or as add‑on therapy.
Air, Air Everywhere‑ A Rare Entity
Authors: Singla Gazal , Sood Shikha , Sharma Sanjeev 
Published: March 2018

ABSTRACTUpper gastrointestinal (GI) endoscopy is a widely used diagnostic and therapeutic procedure. Gastric perforation causing pneumothorax, pneumomediastinum, pneumoperitoneum, pneumorrhachis, and subcutaneous emphysema after upper GI endoscopy is an extremely rare complication. We present an interesting case of a 58‑year‑old male who presented to the Emergency Department with recurrent vomiting, abdominal pain and diffuse swelling over abdomen, chest, neck bilateral arms, and thighs after undergoing an endoscopy for a gastric mass.
Implementation Intentions for Self-Selected Occupational Therapy Goals: Two Case Reports
Authors: Radomski Mary Vining , Giles Gordon , Finkelstein Marsha , Owens Jenny , Showers Mark , Zola Joette 
Published: March 2018

Abstract
OBJECTIVE. We evaluated the feasibility of an intervention combining metacognitive strategy instruction (MSI) with training in implementation intentions for adults with mild traumatic brain injury (mTBI). Implementation intentions are written premade decision statements specifying when, where, and how goal behaviors are to be enacted.
METHOD. Two participants with mTBI received a six-session intervention that included setting a daily implementation intention for an occupational therapy goal. A scoring rubric was used to evaluate the quality of implementation intentions; goal achievement was measured using the Canadian Occupational Performance Measure (COPM) and goal attainment scaling.
RESULTS. All implementation intentions received perfect quality scores, suggesting participants learned to correctly craft implementation intentions. Improvements in COPM self-ratings exceeded minimal detectable change values; goal attainment levels indicated better-than-expected goal achievement.
CONCLUSION. An intervention combining MSI and implementation intention training appears to be feasible. As an adjunct to MSI, implementation intentions may contribute to clients’ ability to achieve their own occupational performance goals. Further study is needed.
Development and Pilot Testing of the Dual Task Screen in Healthy Adolescents
Authors: Stephens Jaclyn , Nicholson Rachel , Slomine Beth , Suskauer Stacy 
Published: March 2018

Abstract
Athletes with mild traumatic brain injury (mTBI) should refrain from high-risk activities until recovered (symptom free and cognitive and physical exam findings normalize). Studies have suggested that this examination may not be sufficiently sensitive because dual-task paradigms, which typically assess motor performance while a person simultaneously completes a distractor task, can detect residual deficits in athletes who otherwise appear recovered from mTBI. Paradigms used to date are time-intensive procedures conducted in laboratory settings. Here, we report findings from a pilot study of the Dual Task Screen (DTS), which is a brief evaluation with two dual-task paradigms. In 32 healthy female adolescents, the DTS was administered in a mean of 5.63 min in the community, and every participant had poorer dual-condition performance on at least one of the motor tasks. The DTS is a clinically feasible measure and merits additional study regarding utility in adolescents with mTBIs.
The Actuality of Philosophy Thought Over Once Again
Authors: Colapietro Vincent M. 
Published: March 2018

ABSTRACT
This article elaborates a deceptively simple suggestion made by Hegel (philosophy is the activity of thinking things over). It relates Hegel's suggestion above all to Dewey's stress on looking back, looking around, and looking ahead. In this endeavor the article touches upon two seemingly contradictory facets of philosophical thought—the autonomy and heteronomy of such thought (on the one hand, the apparent capacity of philosophy not only to transcend its time and place but also to unfold according to its own immanent logic and, on the other hand, the manifest entanglement of philosophy with historical circumstances) (West 1989, 7–8). To a greater extent, however, the article focuses on the dramatic character of philosophical efforts to think things over, once again. The drive to think things over is frequently rooted in historical crises, in experiential conflicts. The actuality of philosophy cannot be adequately understood apart from such dramas and conflicts, ones taking place far outside the studies and classrooms of thinkers.
Academic Philosophy and the Pursuit of Genuine Dialogue: Embracing Radical Friction
Authors: de Castillo Lori Gallegos 
Published: March 2018

ABSTRACTAcademic philosophy's lack of diversity is of concern because it results in a discipline that does not adequately reflect or address the experiences, concerns, and perspectives of many people outside of the dominant demographic. In this article, I examine some of the practical and psychological challenges of entering into dialogue with thinkers whose background knowledge, culture, life experiences, and/or methodologies generate philosophical thought that is radically different from one's own. I contend that in order to build a discipline that is more genuinely dialogical, academic philosophers should embrace this challenging tension between incommensurable worlds of sense. Specifically, I consider how the philosophical practice of translating foreign concepts into terms that have meaning for us might be carried out in a way that preserves radical friction. I warn of the risk of projecting our ideas onto those whose worldviews are incompatible with our own, and I offer strategies for navigating this risk.
Trump, Propaganda, and the Politics of Ressentiment
Authors: Wimberly Cory 
Published: March 2018

ABSTRACT
This article frames Trump's politics through a genealogy of propaganda, going back to P. T. Barnum and crowd psychologist Gustave Le Bon in the nineteenth century and the public relations counsel Edward Bernays in the twentieth. This genealogy shows how propaganda was developed by eager professionals as a tool to govern the unruly lower classes. Trump's propaganda presents a break, in that he has not only removed professionals from their role mediating the conduct of the lower classes for elites, but he has mobilized it as a force against them. His lower- and middle-class supporters may not materially benefit from Trump's form of propaganda, but they get psychological benefits, in that they get to vent their ressentiment on the professional class and see them too become the targets of propagandistic control. Ultimately, the conflict between working-class whites, those without college degrees, and professionals earns little for its participants and occludes the role that elites play in class dynamics in the United States. This article adds substance and context to the claims that Trump's appeal is antiprofessional while showing that the claims that his supporters are “voting against their interests” does not reflect the real psychological benefits many Trumpists get from supporting him.
In Praise of Pagan Virtues: Toward a Renewed Philosophical Pedagogy
Authors: Magada-Ward Mary 
Published: March 2018

ABSTRACT
In this article, I argue that an essential part of our obligation as teachers and scholars of philosophy is to insist that the ultimate point of criticism is to foster the development of increasingly better explanations of natural and social phenomena. Doing so, moreover, requires that we cultivate in ourselves and our students a sense of gratitude for the very possibility of human flourishing and scientific advance. I illustrate these claims by showing how Dewey's analysis in Human Nature and Conduct is the sine qua non of a good explanation.
The Power of Words: The Biblical Abishag in Contemporary American Jewish Women’s Poetry
Authors: Koplowitz-Breier Anat 
Published: March 2018

ABSTRACT
2 Kings 1:1–5, 14 recounts how a young virgin, Abishag the Shunammite, was brought to old King David to warm his cold bones. After the king’s death, Abishag functions as a pawn in Adonijah’s attempt to usurp his brother. Throughout the narrative none of Abishag’s emotions are revealed. Although numerous twentieth-century poets have addressed this biblical theme, I shall focus on those by American Jewish women poets. This approach is based on Hélène Cixous observation that “woman must write woman”—in this case, women poets giving a female figure the voice she is denied in the biblical text. Demonstrating Cixous’ argument that women’s writing and freedom is bound up with their sexuality, they use Abishag to find their way from silence and passivity into independence and sexuality. From Glück’s submissive “Abishag” (1975), the little-known biblical figure develops into an independent woman in charge of her own destiny (B. Holender, 1991; E. A. Sussman-Socolow, 1999; D. Walders, 2005), working her way from a mere “warming device” into a sexy woman who uses her sexuality to tease the king (S. Kaufman, 1984) or dreams of different sexual relations (L. Barrett, 2007), her sexuality being bound up with her independence (S. Skolnik, 2011).
INFLUÊNCIA DOS EVENTOS EXTREMOS ENOS E AMO ENTRE 2003-2014 NO CLIMA E REGIMES DE FOGO NA GRAN SABANA, PARQUE NACIONAL CANAIMA, GUIANA VENEZUELANA.
Authors: Salazar-Gascón Ruth Estefania , Martins Ferreira Cassia De Castro 
Published: March 2018

O objetivo do trabalho foi avaliar a frequência e severidade das queimadas que aconteceram na Gran sabana (GS) entre 2003 e 2014 em relação: aos eventos climáticos extremos como ENOS (El Niño-La Niña/Oscilação do Sul) e AMO(Oscilação Multidecadal do Atlântico-Tropical norte) e às dinâmicas da vegetação na GS. Foram usados dados de focos de queimadas, pluviosidade, anomalias nas Temperaturas da Superficie do Mar (TSM) no Océano Pacífico e Atlántico e Imagens de satélites. Estimaram-se: correlações de Pearson (r) entre: às frequências de queimadas VS as anomalias nas TSM e pluviosidade VS anomalias nas TSM; Índice Normalizado de Queimadas (INQ); Índice de Vegetação por Diferencia Normalizado (NDVI); frequência e extensão de cicatrizes de queimadas; e mudanças na cobertura do solos. Obteve-se que: AMO+ afeta a ubiquação da ZCIT e altera a Célula de Hadley incrementando as precipitações na GS; anomalias El Niño (La Niña) alteram a Célula de Walker, inibindo (promovendo) a pluviosidade e incremento (diminuição) na extensão dos períodos de secas; La Niña e AMO+ quando atuam em sincronia geram grandes volumes de precipitação; El Niño e AMO+ quando acontecem em sincronia diminuem o efeito do El Niño; secas prolongadas contribuem em: degradação dos sistemas arbóreos, expansão dos sistemas herbáceos e no incremento da frequência de queimadas; AMO e/ou La Niña contribuem na expansão dos sistemas arbustivos, e em menor grau a recuperação dos sistemas arbóreos; as distribuições das cicatrizes de queimadas se encontram associadas às mudanças nos padrões culturais de subsistência das populacionais locais. Conclui-se que a severidade e frequências das queimadas na GS são um processo multifatorial e multiescalar que acontecem como produto da sincronia de fatores ecossistêmicos (vegetação), sociais (proximidade aos centros populacionais) e climáticos (ENOS e AMO).
Ações Afirmativas para Estudantes Quilombolas: o processo de criação do Programa de Inclusão de Estudantes Quilombolas (PROINQ) na Universidade Federal de Mato Grosso (UFMT)
Authors: Lourenço Sonia Regina 
Published: March 2018

O artigo é um relato da experiência das políticas de ações afirmativas para estudantes de comunidades quilombolas no estado de Mato Grosso, construídas a partir do ano de 2013 na Universidade Federal de Mato Grosso. Descrevo a criação do Programa de Inclusão de Estudantes Quilombolas (PROINQ) como um processo aberto e plural, constituído com a participação intensa de diferentes representantes e lideranças quilombolas de 55 comunidades – reconhecidas pela Fundação CulturalPalmares como “comunidades remanescentes de quilombos” – e da comunidade universitária. Em setembro de 2017, quatro anos depois, a universidade abriu o primeiro processo seletivo específico para candidatos e candidatas de comunidades quilombolas do estado. Concluo com o entendimento de que as políticas públicas para a educação, para além do reconhecimento de que a sociedade brasileira épluriétnica, só se consolidam de forma plena quando se considera que o direito à igualdade não pode prescindir do direito à diferença.