bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Aspects of the directional synthesis of carbon nanotubes to create hierarchical radio-absorbing composite materials
Authors: Shchegolkov A. V. , Shchegolkov A. V. , Parafimovich I. D. , Burakova E. A. , Kobelev A. V. , Dyachkova T. P. 
Published: March 2019

The conducted information review showed that there are various types of radio absorbing materials. The expansion of the working wavelength range for radio-absorbing composites is possible due to the combined use of conductive fillers, characterized by different magnetic and dielectric characteristics and the value of electrical conductivity. As a rule, the increase in the efficiency of radio absorption of materials is associated with an increase in the concentration of metal fillers in them, as a result of which the weight and size parameters increase proportionally. To avoid this, the use of carbon nanomaterials, which have the ability to create self-organizing hierarchical structures in the bulk of the composite, allows. Varying the composition of the catalytic systems of the CVD process allows directional synthesis of carbon nanomaterials with the necessary morphological characteristics. To assess the effect of the composition of the catalyst on the morphology and structure of the synthesized CNTs, 3 Ni / MgO catalyst compositions with different contents of the active component (Ni) were selected. The effectiveness of the obtained catalysts was determined by the specific yield of CNTs (gC/gkat). The morphology and structure of the catalysts and the synthesized CNTs were studied by means of scanning electron microscopy (a Hitachi H-800 transmission electron microscope). CNTs were additionally examined by transmission electron microscopy (a Hitachi H-800 transmission electron microscope). The use of a nickel-based catalyst provides the material with magnetic properties. The diameter of carbon filiform formations synthesized on Ni/0.16MgO and Ni / 0.3MgO catalysts is ~ 30 ? 60 nm. The Ni/0.5MgO system is characterized by low productivity in one-dimensional nanostructures; the sample after the CVD process contains a large number of unstructured forms of carbon and an unchanged catalyst. Structural diversity in carbon nanomaterials allows to obtain on their basis an effective hierarchical structure in the radio absorbing composite..
Research of influence of parameters of process of drying of an apple residue on an exit of pectinaceous substances
Authors: Drannikov A. V. , Titov S. A. , Belomyltseva D. V. , Korysheva N. N. , Kostina D. K. , Davydov A. M. 
Published: March 2019

One of the most common methods of preserving apple pomace in order to further obtain products with a high content of biologically active substances is drying. For the experiment, a method of drying with superheated steam of reduced pressure in a pulsed vibro boiling layer was chosen, since it allows improving the quality of the finished product by lowering the temperature of the drying agent, thereby retaining a significant amount of nutrients in the original product. To study the kinetic and hydrodynamic dependences of the drying process, an experimental setup has been developed and created, which allows to obtain the most accurate and reproducible results. According to the results of the experiments done, the drying curves, the drying rate curves and the heating curves were constructed. The technological modes of operation of the drying unit are determined, ensuring a minimum of the specific energy consumption of the drying process and the maximum moisture stress of the drying chamber. In addition to the experiment on drying apple pomace, a study was also conducted on the content of pectic substances in dried pomace. To determine the amount of pectin and protopectin, the calcium-pectate method was used. During the experiment, it was found that with the proposed method of drying, the yield of pectin substances is increased compared with traditional methods. Histograms of the content of pectin and protopectin were constructed depending on the method of drying. A comparative analysis of the content of pectin and protopectin was carried out depending on the drying mode for apple pomace and sugar beet pulp. The conclusion is made about the increased thermolability of protopectin in apple pomace compared to sugar beet pulp.
Observing Heterogeneous Unsaturated Flow at the Hillslope Scale Using Time‐Lapse Electrical Resistivity Tomography
Authors: Kotikian Maneh , Parsekian Andrew D. , Paige Ginger , Carey Austin 
Published: March 2019

Core Ideas
Time‐lapse imaging reveals subsurface flow paths driven by snowmelt.
Vertical flow occurs in the same location, but in a different amount, under varying water input.
Regolith geometry, observed by seismic refraction, drives partitioning to deep flow.
Understanding water partitioning and storage on mountain hillslopes is important for vadose zone hydrologic modeling, water balance calculations, and predicting landslides. Revealing the dynamics of unsaturated water movement through time remains challenging due to the scarcity of spatially continuous observations at dense time sampling intervals. We investigate heterogeneous vertical flow using time‐lapse electrical resistivity tomography over a span of 2 yr and use seismic refraction to determine the bedrock location on a hillslope with snow‐dominated hydrology. We expect that heterogeneities in vertical unsaturated flow are driven by highly conductive zones in soil structure and higher localized water content due to surface topographic depressions and a long‐term sustained snowpack relative to other locations, resulting in increased water availability. The results show that vertical flow heterogeneity and partitioning to deep flow occurred under contrasting precipitation inputs. We determine that topographic and vegetation cover heterogeneities on the hillslope and snow accumulation exert control on the location of partitioning to deep flow, likely due to macropores, roots, boulders, and localized water availability. We conclude that the regolith–bedrock boundary has a slope reversal that allows water to accumulate to drive heterogeneous flow.
CULTURA SURDA E ASTRONOMIA: INVESTIGANDO AS POTENCIALIDADES DESSA ARTICULAÇÃO PARA O ENSINO DE FÍSICA
Authors: Vivian Ellen Cristine Prestes , Leonel André Ary 
Published: March 2019

Este trabalho apresenta uma investigação acerca da potencialidade do tema: Astronomia no processo de ensino-aprendizagem de Física para surdos, bem como das contribuições apresentadas pelas Tecnologias Digitais da Informação e Comunicação (TDIC). Para contribuir com a análise elaborou-se um minicurso em Língua Brasileira de Sinais (Libras), aliada ao uso de TDIC, que foi implementado durante a Semana Acadêmica Integrada da Universidade Federal do Pampa. Como instrumento de análise foi elaborado um questionário online para ser respondido pelos participantes após o minicurso. Trata-se de uma abordagem de cunho qualitativo com viés na análise de conteúdo. Concluiu-se que o conhecimento da Libras e da Cultura Surda são indispensáveis para o planejamento de estratégias de ensino-aprendizagem e para a inclusão e a permanência dos sujeitos surdos na escola. Quanto ao tema: Astronomia, pode-se afirmar que o uso de TDIC como os softwares Stellarium e Celestia, bem como a adaptação e criação de sinais favorecem o processo de ensino-aprendizagem, despertando o interesse dos envolvidos e possibilitando maior compreensão acerca desta temática.
The Role of “Informal Mediators” in Micro-Conflict Resolution: Diyarbakır Case
Authors: FAHRİOĞLU AKIN Ferda 
Published: March 2019

Official law often fails to solve the “micro-conflicts” of society, those being the likes of murder, abduction, and land disputes. In these kinds of situations, in which the official law system alone does not or can not solve conflicts, the mediation method of traditional society becomes useful. The aim of this work is to examine how micro-conflicts are resolved via informal mediation methods, or “traditional law” methods. Informal mediation, known as the traditional or informal law method in conflict resolution literature, is not an alternative to formal law; it serves to complement formal law.. The data used in this paper was collected through five months of field work done in Diyarbakır. This data is analyzed alongside qualitative research such as in-depth interviews, oral histories, and focus group findings. This study is examined informal mediation method, which is done by opinion leaders, from Conflict Resolution and Mediation literatüre perspectives. Field work data from Diyarbakir is compared with data from different cases in other countries.
Reguły użycia wyrażeń i normatywność znaczenia
Authors: Buczkowska Janina 
Published: March 2019

Rozważania podjęte w tym artykule nawiązują do współczesnej dyskusji o normatywności znaczenia, jaka została zapoczątkowana przez S. Kripkego. Główny nurt tej dyskusji dotyczy związku normatywności znaczenia z poprawnością użycia wyrażeń i pozostawia problem rozumienia samej normatywności na boku. W tym artykule podjęta zostanie próba odpowiedzi na takie pytania, jak: Na czym polega normatywność reguł znaczeniowych? Jak rozumieć normy i co je wyróżnia spośród innych reguł? Do jakich racji można odwołać się w uzasadnieniu normatywności znaczenia? W niniejszym artykule, jako punkt wyjścia, została krótko przedstawiona teza Kripkego o normatywności znaczenia oraz dominująca linia dyskusji dotyczącej tej tezy. Zostały pokazane trudności związane ze sformułowaniem kryterium poprawnego użycia, oraz wskazane, że istnienie reguł użycia wyrażeń nie jest jednoznaczne z normatywnością tych reguł. Podjęta została próba wskazania podstawowej charakterystyki znaczeń terminów „reguły” i „normy”, a następnie została omówiona kwestia społecznej determinacji reguł znaczeniowych. Zostało pokazane, że reguły użycia wyrażeń są zakotwiczone w społecznej funkcji języka. Na koniec została poruszona kwestia związku społecznie ugruntowanych reguł użycia wyrażeń z funkcją reprezentacji w języku świata pozajęzykowego. Znaczenie rozumiane jako treść wyrażenia nie jest tylko konwencjonalne, ale jest też konstytuowane przez reprezentatywną funkcję języka. Zostało wskazane, aby normatywność znaczenia rozpatrywać w dwu wymiarach: społecznym, konwencjonalnym oraz drugim związanym z funkcją reprezentacji świata w języku.
Changes in the Cytomorphometric Indices in Epitheliocytes of the Oral Mucosa of Patients with Generalized Periodontitis
Authors: Khomyk Myroslava , Kovalchuk Larysa , Melnychuk Halyna 
Published: March 2019

For the study of some mechanisms of the pathogenesis of generalized periodontitis, there were examined 64 patients who were divided into the following groups: Group I – 12 healthy people (6 men and 6 women); Group ІІ – 40 patients with grade I generalized periodontitis (20 men and 20 women) and Group ІІІ – 12 patients with grade II-III generalized periodontitis (6 men and 6 women). On the cytological preparations of buccal epitheliocytes of the oral mucosa stained with aceto-orcein, 100 nucleus-containing epitheliocytes were examined with the help of microscope “Axioskop”, a company Zeizz, with a 1000×magnification. Cytomorphometric characteristics were studied: the perimeter and the cell surface area, the perimeter and the surface area of ​​the nucleus, and the ratio of the surface area of the nucleus to the cell surface area.
In all the patients with generalized periodontitis, the perimeter and cell area and the perimeter and epithelial cell nuclei area (p<0.05 – p<0.001) as well as the nuclear-cytoplasmic correlation reduced significantly, especially in men, that could be regarded as compensatory changes at the cellular level. According to the parameters of cells of epitheliocytes, and especially their nuclei, in both healthy people and patients with generalized periodontitis, gender differences were identified, especially in Group ІІІ. Thus, it could be argued that the measurement of the perimeter and the area of ​​cells of buccal epitheliocytes and their nuclei reflects the functional activity of the hereditary apparatus in the patients with generalized periodontitis.
EXPLORING STUDENT MATHEMATICAL ENGAGEMENT USING ADAPTED WATSON’ ANALYTICAL TOOL
Authors: Febrilia Baiq Rika Ayu , Nissa Ita Chairun 
Published: March 2019

This research was conducted with the aim of describing the engagement of junior high school students in the mathematics learning process measured using an adapted Watson analytical tool. This research is a qualitative study that analyzes video transcripts of a junior high school teacher in West Nusa Tenggara, East Indonesia who are carrying out mathematical teaching on probability. In this study, the teacher carried out mathematics teaching designed by researchers using the ELPSA (Experience, Language, Pictorial, Symbolic, and Application) framework. The learning process was recorded through a video and then transcribed so that it is easily analyzed. The results showed that the dimensions of student mathematical engagement that emerged during the mathematics learning process were dominated by activities comparing/classifying and justifying/reasoning. These results also have a positive impact that by using the adapted of Watson analytical tool to analyze the learning process of mathematics can help teachers to gain deeper insight into students' mathematical engagement. This technique can be used as a reference by the teacher to further analyze so that better teaching actions can be planned.
A Mobile Patient-Reported Outcome Measure App With Talking Touchscreen: Usability Assessment
Authors: Welbie Marlies , Wittink Harriet , Westerman Marjan J , Topper Ilse , Snoei Josca , Devillé Walter L J M 
Published: March 2019

Background
In the past years, a mobile health (mHealth) app called the Dutch Talking Touch Screen Questionnaire (DTTSQ) was developed in The Netherlands. The aim of development was to enable Dutch physical therapy patients to autonomously complete a health-related questionnaire regardless of their level of literacy and digital skills.

Objective
The aim of this study was to evaluate the usability (defined as the effectiveness, efficiency, and satisfaction) of the prototype of the DTTSQ for Dutch physical therapy patients with diverse levels of experience in using mobile technology.

Methods
The qualitative Three-Step Test-Interview method, including both think-aloud and retrospective probing techniques, was used to gain insight into the usability of the DTTSQ. A total of 24 physical therapy patients were included. The interview data were analyzed using a thematic content analysis approach aimed at analyzing the accuracy and completeness with which participants completed the questionnaire (effectiveness), the time it took the participants to complete the questionnaire (efficiency), and the extent to which the participants were satisfied with the ease of use of the questionnaire (satisfaction). The problems encountered by the participants in this study were given a severity rating that was used to provide a rough estimate of the need for additional usability efforts.

Results
All participants within this study were very satisfied with the ease of use of the DTTSQ. Overall, 9 participants stated that the usability of the app exceeded their expectations. The group of 4 average-/high-experienced participants encountered only 1 problem in total, whereas the 11 little-experienced participants encountered an average of 2 problems per person and the 9 inexperienced participants an average of 3 problems per person. A total of 13 different kind of problems were found during this study. Of these problems, 4 need to be addressed before the DTTSQ will be released because they have the potential to negatively influence future usage of the tool. The other 9 problems were less likely to influence future usage of the tool substantially.

Conclusions
The usability of the DTTSQ needs to be improved before it can be released. No problems were found with satisfaction or efficiency during the usability test. The effectiveness needs to be improved by (1) making it easier to navigate through screens without the possibility of accidentally skipping one, (2) enabling the possibility to insert an answer by tapping on the text underneath a photograph instead of just touching the photograph itself, and (3) making it easier to correct wrong answers. This study shows the importance of including less skilled participants in a usability study when striving for inclusive design and the importance of measuring not just satisfaction but also efficiency and effectiveness during such studies.
Association Between Improvement in Baseline Mood and Long-Term Use of a Mindfulness and Meditation App: Observational Study
Authors: Athanas Argus J , McCorrison Jamison M , Smalley Susan , Price Jamie , Grady Jim , Wehner Paul , Campistron Julie , Schork Nicholas J 
Published: March 2019

Background
The use of smartphone apps to monitor and deliver health care guidance and interventions has received considerable attention recently, particularly with regard to behavioral disorders, stress relief, negative emotional state, and poor mood in general. Unfortunately, there is little research investigating the long-term and repeated effects of apps meant to impact mood and emotional state.

Objective
We aimed to investigate the effects of both immediate point-of-intervention and long-term use (ie, at least 10 engagements) of a guided meditation and mindfulness smartphone app on users’ emotional states. Data were collected from users of a mobile phone app developed by the company Stop, Breathe & Think (SBT) for achieving emotional wellness. To explore the long-term effects, we assessed changes in the users’ basal emotional state before they completed an activity (eg, a guided meditation). We also assessed the immediate effects of the app on users’ emotional states from preactivity to postactivity.

Methods
The SBT app collects information on the emotional state of the user before and after engagement in one or several mediation and mindfulness activities. These activities are recommended and provided by the app based on user input. We considered data on over 120,000 users of the app who collectively engaged in over 5.5 million sessions with the app during an approximate 2-year period. We focused our analysis on users who had at least 10 engagements with the app over an average of 6 months. We explored the changes in the emotional well-being of individuals with different emotional states at the time of their initial engagement with the app using mixed-effects models. In the process, we compared 2 different methods of classifying emotional states: (1) an expert-defined a priori mood classification and (2) an empirically driven cluster-based classification.

Results
We found that among long-term users of the app, there was an association between the length of use and a positive change in basal emotional state (4% positive mood increase on a 2-point scale every 10 sessions). We also found that individuals who were anxious or depressed tended to have a favorable long-term emotional transition (eg, from a sad emotional state to a happier emotional state) after using the app for an extended period (the odds ratio for achieving a positive emotional state was 3.2 and 6.2 for anxious and depressed individuals, respectively, compared with users with fewer sessions).

Conclusions
Our analyses provide evidence for an association between both immediate and long-term use of an app providing guided meditations and improvements in the emotional state.
The Importance of User Segmentation for Designing Digital Therapy for Adolescent Mental Health: Findings From Scoping Processes
Authors: Fleming Theresa , Merry Sally , Stasiak Karolina , Hopkins Sarah , Patolo Tony , Ruru Stacey , Latu Manusiu , Shepherd Matthew , Christie Grant , Goodyear-Smith Felicity 
Published: March 2019

Background
New Zealand youth, especially those of Māori and Pacific descent, have high rates of depression, anxiety, and self-harm, but have low rates of help-seeking from mental health professionals. Apps, computerized therapy, and other digital tools can be effective, highly scalable treatments for anxiety and depression. Co-design processes are often used to foster engagement with end users, but this does not always lead to high levels of engagement.

Objective
We aimed to carry out preliminary scoping to understand adolescents’ current internet use and diversity of preferences to inform a planned co-design process for creating digital mental health tools for teenagers.

Methods
Interactive workshops and focus groups were held with young people. Data were analyzed using a general inductive approach.

Results
Participants (N=58) engaged in 2 whānau (extended family) focus groups (n=4 and n=5), 2 school- or community-based focus groups (n=9 each), and 2 workshops (n=11 and n=20). The authors identified 3 overarching themes: (1) Digital mental health tools are unlikely to be successful if they rely solely on youth help-seeking. (2) A single approach is unlikely to appeal to all. Participants had diverse, noncompatible preferences in terms of look or feel of an app or digital tool. The authors identified 4 user groups players or gamers, engagers, sceptics, and straight-talkers. These groups differed by age and degree of current mental health need and preferred gamified or fun approaches, were open to a range of approaches, were generally disinterested, or preferred direct-to-the-point, serious approaches, respectively. (3) Digital mental health tools should provide an immediate response to a range of different issues and challenges that a young person may face.

Conclusions
Defining the preferences of different groups of users may be important for increasing engagement with digital therapies even within specific population and mental health–need groups. This study demonstrates the importance of scoping possible user needs to inform design processes.
Evaluation of depression and anxiety levels in patients with a complaint of a breast mass: a prospective study
Authors: MERCAN Seher , SOLAK İbrahim , ERYİLMAZ Mehmet Ali 
Published: March 2019

Introduction: Breast cancer is the most
common cancer among women in the world and in our country. Despite early
diagnosis and improved treatment possibilities, breast cancer is difficult to
accept and a major source of anxiety. It brings various psychosocial problems
to the agenda. In this study, we aimed to evaluate the effect of depression and
anxiety in the patients admitted to the outpatient clinic with the complaint of
a mass in the breast and to determine the effect of mass on the mental health
of women.

Methods: This study is an analytical
case-control study. All of the participants were female (n=200). Patients
filled the questionnaire containing the Beck Depression Inventory (BDI), the
Beck Anxiety Inventory (BAI) and the sociodemographic data form.

Results: There was no
statistically significant difference between the case and control groups in
terms of the marital status, living with someone, monthly income level, place
of residence, occupation, and education level (p&gt;0.05). There was a statistically significant
difference between case and control groups in terms of the mean BDI score
(19.6±1.05, 8.92±0.62, respectively, p&lt;0.001). There was also a
statistically significant difference between the two groups in terms of the
mean BAI score (20.34±1.23, 7.88±0.71, respectively, p&lt;0.001).

Conclusion: In our study, the incidence
of depression and severe anxiety was significantly higher in the women admitted
to the outpatient clinic with the complaint of a breast mass than in the
healthy women.