bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Genetic vulnerability to DUSP22 promoter hypermethylation is involved in the relation between in utero famine exposure and schizophrenia
Authors: Boks M. P. , Houtepen L. C. , Xu Z. , He Y. , Ursini G. , Maihofer A. X. , Rajarajan P. , Yu Q. , Xu H. , Wu Y. , Wang S. , Shi J. P. , Hulshoff Pol H. E. , Strengman E. , Rutten B. P. F. , Jaffe A. E. , Kleinman J. E. , Baker D. G. , Hol E. M. , Akbarian S. , Nievergelt C. M. , De Witte L. D. , Vinkers C. H. , Weinberger D. R. , Yu J. , Kahn R. S. 
Published: August 2018

AbstractEpigenetic changes may account for the doubled risk to develop schizophrenia in individuals exposed to famine in utero. We therefore investigated DNA methylation in a unique sample of patients and healthy individuals conceived during the great famine in China. Subsequently, we examined two case-control samples without famine exposure in whole blood and brain tissue. To shed light on the causality of the relation between famine exposure and DNA methylation, we exposed human fibroblasts to nutritional deprivation. In the famine-exposed schizophrenia patients, we found significant hypermethylation of the dual specificity phosphatase 22 (DUSP22) gene promoter (Chr6:291687-293285) (N = 153, p = 0.01). In this sample, DUSP22 methylation was also significantly higher in patients independent of famine exposure (p = 0.025), suggesting that hypermethylation of DUSP22 is also more generally involved in schizophrenia risk. Similarly, DUSP22 methylation was also higher in two separate case-control samples not exposed to famine using DNA from whole blood (N = 64, p = 0.03) and postmortem brains (N = 214, p = 0.007). DUSP22 methylation showed strong genetic regulation across chromosomes by a region on chromosome 16 which was consistent with new 3D genome interaction data. The presence of a direct link between famine and DUSP22 transcription was supported by data from cultured human fibroblasts that showed increased methylation (p = 0.048) and expression (p = 0.019) in response to nutritional deprivation (N = 10). These results highlight an epigenetic locus that is genetically regulated across chromosomes and that is involved in the response to early-life exposure to famine and that is relevant for a major psychiatric disorder.
A singular nitric oxide synthase with a globin domain found in Synechococcus PCC 7335 mobilizes N from arginine to nitrate
Authors: Correa-Aragunde Natalia , Foresi Noelia , Del Castello Fiorella , Lamattina Lorenzo 
Published: August 2018

AbstractThe enzyme nitric oxide synthase (NOS) oxidizes L-arginine to NO and citrulline. In this work, we characterise the NOS from the cyanobacteria Synechococcus PCC 7335 (SyNOS). SyNOS possesses a canonical mammalian NOS architecture consisting of oxygenase and reductase domains. In addition, SyNOS possesses an unusual globin domain at the N-terminus. Recombinant SyNOS expressed in bacteria is active, and its activity is suppressed by the NOS inhibitor L-NAME. SyNOS allows E. coli to grow in minimum media containing L-arginine as the sole N source, and has a higher growth rate during N deficiency. SyNOS is expressed in Synechococcus PCC 7335 where NO generation is dependent on L-arginine concentration. The growth of Synechococcus is dramatically inhibited by L-NAME, suggesting that SyNOS is essential for this cyanobacterium. Addition of arginine in Synechococcus increases the phycoerythrin content, an N reservoir. The role of the novel globin domain in SyNOS is discussed as an evolutionary advantage, conferring new functional capabilities for N metabolism.
A Narrative Review of Intensive Group Tobacco Treatment: Clinical, Research, and US Policy Recommendations
Authors: Kotsen Chris , Santorelli Melissa L , Bloom Erika Litvin , Goldstein Adam O , Ripley-Moffitt Carol , Steinberg Michael B , Burke Michael V , Foulds Jonathan 
Published: August 2018

AbstractIntroductionClinical practice guidelines recommend comprehensive treatment for tobacco dependence including pharmacotherapies and behavioral interventions. Group counseling may deliver unique treatment aspects not available with other modalities. This manuscript provides a narrative review of group treatment outcomes from real-world practice settings and complements recent meta-analyses of randomized controlled trials (RCTs). Our primary goals were to determine whether group treatments delivered in these settings have yielded similar quit rates compared to individual treatment and to provide recommendations for best practices and policy.MethodsGroup treatment was defined as occurring in a clinical or workplace setting (ie, not provided as part of a research study), led by a professionally trained clinician, and offered weekly over several weeks. English language PubMed articles from January 2000 to July 2017 were searched to identify studies that included outcomes from both group and individual treatment offered in real-world settings. Additional data sources meeting our criteria were also included. Reports not using pharmacotherapy and research studies (eg, RCTs) were excluded. The primary outcome was short-term, carbon monoxide (CO)-validated point prevalence abstinence (4-week postquit date).ResultsThe review included data from 11 observational studies. In all cases, group treatment(s) had higher 4-week CO-validated quit rates (range: 35.5%–67.3%) than individual treatment(s) (range: 18.6%–53.3%).ConclusionsBest practice group treatments for tobacco dependence are generalizable from research to clinical settings and likely to be at least as effective as intensive individual treatment. The added advantages of efficiency and cost-effectiveness can be significant. Group treatment is feasible in various settings with good results.ImplicationsA major barrier to achieving high rates of tobacco abstinence is under-utilization of evidence-based treatment interventions. This review demonstrates the effectiveness and utility of group treatment for tobacco dependence. Based on the available data described in this narrative review in conjunction with existing RCT data, group treatment for tobacco dependence should be established and available in all behavioral health and medical settings. Group tobacco treatment is now one of the mandated reimbursable tobacco treatment formats within the US health care system, creating enormous opportunities for widespread clinical reach. Finally, comprehensive worksite group programs can further extend impact.
Arrangements for radio-frequency heating of building structures
Authors: Roland Ulf , Holzer Frank , Trommler Ulf , Höhlig Björn , Kraus Markus , Hoyer Christian 
Published: August 2018

PurposeThe aim of this study was to prove that radio-frequency (RF) energy with 13.56 MHz can be used for heating building structures in a controlled manner exploiting the advantage that homogeneous heating with sufficient penetration depths can be achieved.Design/methodology/approachBecause parallel electrodes on both sides of the heated structure cannot be used in many practical applications, two special electrode designs have been developed by modeling the field distribution and energy absorption and by carrying out test experiments to validate the simulation results.FindingsOne solution is based on a two-dimensional surface capacitor providing certain penetration depths and being especially suitable for treating thin structures such as wooden parquet floor. Such an arrangement can be particularly used for pest control even when sensitive surfaces have to be protected. The other solution uses a capacitive coupling between the grounded shielding and an electrode or an equivalent structure (e.g. moist soil) at the other side of the masonry to establish a sufficiently strong electrical field between a “hot” electrode on the side of the shielding and the coupled rear electrode.Originality/valueBoth solutions significantly enhance the application potential of RF heating.
Prisoner health status at three rural Haitian prisons
Authors: LaMonaca Katherine , Desai Mayur , May John P. , Lyon Evan , Altice Frederick L. 
Published: August 2018

Purpose
Little is known about the health status of prisoners in low-income countries. In Haiti, prisons typically lack adequate medical care, clean water and food, though some prisoners receive additional food from visitors. The purpose of this paper is to characterize the physical and mental health of Haitian prisoners in three select prisons and examine the effects of having visitors and length of detention on health status. The authors hypothesized that prisoners with more visitors and shorter detention times would have better overall health status.

Design/methodology/approach
The authors conducted a cross-sectional study of 290 male inmates in three regional prisons in Haiti. Data were collected on prisoners’ sociodemographic characteristics, number of visitors, length of detention, body mass index (BMI), self-reported physical and mental health status, and food insecurity.

Findings
Overall, prisoners at all three prisons had poor health outcomes. Prisoners with more visitors were significantly less likely to be underweight and more likely to have a higher BMI, better self-reported physical function and lower levels of food insecurity. The length of incarceration was negatively associated with physical function and self-rated health, but positively associated with BMI. These results suggest that prisoners who do not receive supplemental food from visitors are at increased risk for food insecurity and poor nutritional and physical health status.

Originality/value
These findings demonstrate the importance of supplemental food from visitors in stabilizing prisoner health in Haiti and emphasize the need for the provision of adequate nutrition to all prisoners. This study also suggests that policies that reduce incarceration times could improve health status among prisoners.
Cellular facility layout problem: a case of tower manufacturing industry
Authors: Kumar Ravi , Singh Surya Prakash 
Published: August 2018

Purpose
In today’s competitive market, product demand and its mix frequently vary due to various uncertainties, which thus imparts the overall manufacturing cost. Furthermore, uncertainties also impart the layout design in manufacturing industries in the long run. Therefore, the layout design needs to capture the possibility of uncertainties, and these uncertainties must be captured while designing the layout of a facility. Hence, an efficient facility layout design minimizes the manufacturing cost and lead time. The purpose of this paper is to propose a cellular layout design for a tower manufacturing industry.

Design/methodology/approach
The paper develops an embedded simulated annealing-based meta-heuristic to solve proposed cellular layout under different scenarios considering single and multi-time periods for tower manufacturing industry. A comparative study is also performed to analyze comparison among static cellular layout, a dynamic cellular layout or a robust stochastic cellular layout for the tower manufacturing industry.

Findings
The current layout of the industry is a process layout. Here, the layout for a tower manufacturing industry is proposed under SCFLP, DCFLP and RSCFLP. The proposed models and solution methodology is tested using six scenarios with different combination of time periods. Lastly, OFV value obtained for all the scenarios is compared, and it is found that RSCFLP outruns other SCFLP and DCFLP for a tower manufacturing industry. Based on the above study, it is also concluded that RSCFLP is an efficient and effective layout in tower manufacturing industry.

Originality/value
The paper proposes a cellular layout design for a tower manufacturing industry. The cellular layout design is found to be preferred over the traditional layout as it reduces material handling cost, manufacturing lead time and hazards. Moreover, it enhances productivity and quality.
Distinct biogeographic patterns of bacterioplankton composition and single‐cell activity between the subtropics and Antarctica
Authors: Bakenhus Insa , Dlugosch Leon , Giebel Helge‐Ansgar , Beardsley Christine , Simon Meinhard , Wietz Matthias 
Published: August 2018

SummaryBacterial biogeography and activity in the Southern Ocean are poorly understood to date. Here, we applied CARD‐FISH to quantify bacterial community structure from the subtropics to Antarctica between 10°W and 10°E, covering four biogeographic provinces with distinct environmental properties. In addition, incorporation of radiolabeled glucose, amino acids and leucine via MAR‐FISH served to quantify the contribution to substrate turnover by selected bacterial groups. SAR11, Bacteroidetes, Gammaproteobacteria and the Roseobacter group accounted for the majority of the bacterial community (52%−88% of DAPI‐stained cells) but showed little distributional variation between provinces. In contrast, taxonomic subclades Polaribacter, NS5, NS2b (Bacteroidetes) as well as RCA (Roseobacter group) featured marked geographic variation, illustrated by NMDS and coefficients of variation. Roseobacter (specifically RCA) and Gammaproteobacteria constituted considerable fractions of cells incorporating glucose and amino acids respectively. Bacteroidetes had generally lower activities, but Polaribacter accounted for a major fraction of biomass production at one station near the Antarctic ice shelf. In conclusion, distributional patterns at finer taxonomic level and highest substrate turnover by less abundant taxa highlight the importance of taxonomic subclades in marine carbon fluxes, contributing to the understanding of functional bacterial biogeography in the Southern Ocean.
FINANCIAL SAFETY NETS
Authors: Bengui Julien , Bianchi Javier , Coulibaly Louphou 
Published: August 2018

AbstractWe study the optimal design of financial safety nets under limited private credit, asking whether and when it is optimal to restrict ex ante the set of investors that can receive public liquidity support. When the government lacks commitment, we show that the optimally designed safety net covers only a subset of investors. Compared to an economy where all investors are protected, this results in more liquid portfolios, better social insurance, and higher welfare. Our results can rationalize the prevalence of limited safety nets as well as the coexistence of traditional and shadow banks.
RETROSPECTIVE VOTING AND PARTY POLARIZATION
Authors: Esponda Ignacio , Pouzo Demian 
Published: August 2018

AbstractWe provide a new and favorable perspective on voter naiveté and party polarization. We contrast sophisticated (Nash) versus retrospective voting in a model where two parties commit to policies. Retrospective voters do not understand the mapping between states and outcomes induced by a policy; instead, they simply vote for the party that delivers the highest observed performance, as determined in equilibrium. We show that parties have an incentive to polarize under retrospective, compared to Nash, voting. Moreover, this polarization often results in higher welfare due to a better match between policies and fundamentals.
Implementation and evaluation of an education programme for nursing staff on recognising, reporting and managing resident‐to‐resident elder mistreatment in aged care facilities
Authors: Ellis Julie M. , Ayala Quintanilla Beatriz Paulina , Ward Louise , Campbell Fergus 
Published: August 2018

AbstractAimTo implement an educational programme for nursing staff on recognising, reporting and managing resident‐to‐resident elder mistreatment in aged care facilities.BackgroundThe phenomenon of a growing ageing population increases the demand of optimum care for older people living in aged care facilities. Caring for older people is complex, but should include the management of aggressive interaction between them. Nursing staff play a vital role in identifying and managing those behaviours. However, many nurses may not recognise these aggressive interactions as abuse. Therefore, this study aims to manage and reduce this abuse through an educational programme.DesignCluster randomised trial registered on the Australia New Zealand Clinical Trial Registry (ACTRN12617001618347).MethodsThis trial was undertaken in an aged care facility located in Melbourne, Australia and was funded in January 2017. Wards were randomly allocated (as the intervention and control group) by using sealed opaque envelopes. Nursing staff, who met eligibility, were consecutively recruited and supplied their informed consent. Nurses from the intervention group received an educational programme, while nurses from the control group continued with the usual standard care. Main outcomes included recognising, managing and reporting the abuse before and after the intervention and will be evaluated on an intention‐to‐treat analysis.DiscussionIt is vital to manage and reduce resident‐to‐resident elder mistreatment. This educational programme may assist nursing staff to protect vulnerable older people experiencing this abuse and may improve comprehensive evidence‐based care for older people residing in aged care facilities.
Modern medicine and the one‐size‐fits‐all approach: A clinician's comment to Alexandra Pârvan's “Mind Electric” article
Authors: Katschnig Heinz 
Published: August 2018

AbstractAs a clinician, I can easily agree with the author that a person's own reality of being healthy is independent of physical evidence or clinical categories and that this perspective should be considered to improve clinical care. However, I cannot follow the assumptions about the nature and working of modern medicine and psychiatry as typically using “black box” and one‐size‐fits‐all treatments in daily practice. I outline several working contexts of doctors where this criticism does only marginally apply or not at all and wonder whether the author might wish, if possible at all from a philosophical viewpoint, to differentiate her concepts with regard to these different contexts. In addition, I think that ill health in the field of psychiatry might have to be dealt with differently than physical ill health.
Comparison of two ear cytological collection techniques in dogs with otitis externa
Authors: Choi Nellie , Edginton Heather D. , Griffin Craig E. , Angus John C. 
Published: August 2018

BackgroundCanine otitis externa is a common disease. Cytological evaluation of otic exudate is a useful diagnostic test to direct and monitor treatment for otitis externa. One method of collecting ear cytological specimens utilizes a cotton‐tipped swab inserted into the vertical ear canal. A proposed alternative method is to aspirate exudate from the deep horizontal canal using a rubber tube.Hypothesis/ObjectivesTo compare cytological findings between two different collection techniques by evaluating the numbers of bacteria,Malasseziayeast and inflammatory cells.AnimalsThirty client‐owned dogs with otitis externa.Methods and materialsA prospective, randomized, blinded comparison study. Ear canals from each dog were sampled using cotton swab and rubber tube. Ear cytological preparations were evaluated independently by two investigators for polymorphonuclear leucocytes (PMN), monocytes/lymphocytes, macrophages, yeast, intracellular (IC) cocci, extracellular (EC) cocci,ICbacilli andECbacilli.ResultsA paired Student'st‐test was used to compare the two techniques. The inter‐investigator reliability forPMN,ECbacilli and yeast was good, and forECcocci was moderate. There were significantly higher numbers ofPMNs obtained by the tube method (P = 0.0024) than by the cotton swab method. There were no statistically significant differences between cotton swab and rubber tube methods for monocytes/lymphocytes (P = 0.7780), macrophages (P = 0.1751),ECcocci (P = 0.1262),ECbacilli (P = 0.1162), yeast (P = 0.5371),ICcocci (P = 0.6606) orICbacilli (P = 0.6761). The technique was well tolerated.ConclusionAn alternative ear cytological collection technique was identified which enables sampling of the deep horizontal canal.
A new species of Chusquea subg. Chusquea (Poaceae—Bambusoideae—Bambuseae) from Minas Gerais, Brazil: morphological evidence and phylogenetic placement within the Euchusquea clade
Authors: VIDAL KAIO VINICIUS DE A. , WELKER CASSIANO A. DORNELES , OLIVEIRA IASMIN LAIANE C. , MOTA ALINE COSTA DA , OLIVEIRA REYJANE P. , CLARK LYNN G. 
Published: August 2018

Chusquea gouveiensis is a new species of tropical woody bamboo from Brazil, herein described and illustrated. It is classified within C. subg. Chusquea, mainly based on its scandent habit, triangular central bud with vertical orientation, extra-or infravaginal branching, and lemma margins free at the apex. The new species is most similar to C. gracilis because they share culm leaves with undifferentiated sheaths and blades with a folded or twisted apex, and foliage leaves and spikelets of similar length. However, C. gouveiensis is distinguished from C. gracilis by having branch complements of 40‒90 usually ascending subsidiary branches (vs. 70‒195 mostly horizontally oriented subsidiary branches), synflorescences weakly paniculate to racemose (vs. paniculate), glumes I and II collectively 0.3‒0.7 mm long (vs. 0.1‒0.2 mm long), and glumes III and IV awned and abaxially pilose to pubescent at the apex (vs. mucronate and glabrous). The two species also differ in distribution: C. gouveiensis is only known from the region of Gouveia and Diamantina, in the southern portion of the Espinhaço Range in Minas Gerais state, Brazil, in forest fragments at 1,200‒1,300 m.a.s.l., whereas C. gracilis occurs in the southern Brazilian states of Paraná, Santa Catarina and Rio Grande do Sul, in mixed ombrophilous forests between 550 and 880 m.a.s.l. Based on nuclear internal transcribed spacer (ITS) and plastid DNA sequence data (ndhF and trnD-trnT), a sixth lineage within the Euchusquea clade was identified, herein named clade VI—Chusquea meyeriana clade, comprising a significant portion of the Brazilian species of Chusquea. The new species has phylogenetic affinities with the C. meyeriana informal group and is also distinct from C. gracilis in the phylogeny.
Awareness and documentation of the teratogenic effects of valproate among women of child-bearing potential
Authors: Mulryan Deirdre , McIntyre Anna , McDonald Colm , Feeney Sabina , Hallahan Brian 
Published: August 2018

Aims and methodWe aimed to evaluate clinical note documentation of valproate prescribing and establish the level of knowledge among women of child-bearing potential regarding valproate-associated adverse effects, including teratogenesis, in a regional Irish mental health service.ResultsOf the 42 women prescribed sodium valproate, 21.4% (n = 9) had some documentation in relation to associated risks and 33.3% (n = 14) described an awareness of these risks from consultation with their treating mental health team. On clinical interview, 9.5% (n = 4) of individuals with clear documentation of the risks of teratogenesis described no such awareness. Augmentation with lithium was associated with greater awareness of the teratogenic risks of valproate (P = 0.011).Clinical implicationsA clear description of the teratogenic risks of valproate and potential management strategies, including advice regarding contraception and supplementation with folic acid, should be clearly documented and provided repeatedly and in context to all women of child-bearing age who are prescribed valproate.Declaration of interestNone.