bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Ferumoxytol-enhanced MRI in patients with prior cardiac transplantation
Authors: Stirrat Colin G , Alam Shirjel , MacGillivray Thomas J , Gray Calum , Dweck Marc Richard , Jones Victor , Wallace William , Payne John R , Prasad Sanjay K , Gardner Roy S , Petrie Mark C , Mirsadraee Saeed , Henriksen Peter , Newby David E , Semple Scott 
Published: October 2019

ObjectivesUltra-small superparamagnetic particles of iron oxide (USPIO)-enhanced MRI can detect cellular inflammation within tissues and may help non-invasively identify cardiac transplant rejection. Here, we aimed to determine the normal reference values for USPIO-enhanced MRI in patients with a prior cardiac transplant and examine whether USPIO-enhanced MRI could detect myocardial inflammation in patients with transplant rejection.MethodsTen volunteers and 11 patients with cardiac transplant underwent T2, T2* and late gadolinium enhancement 1.5T MRI, with further T2* imaging at 24 hours after USPIO (ferumoxytol, 4 mg/kg) infusion, at baseline and 3 months.ResultsTen patients with clinically stable cardiac transplantation were retained for analysis. Myocardial T2 values were higher in patients with cardiac transplant versus healthy volunteers (53.8±5.2 vs 48.6±1.9 ms, respectively; p=0.003). There were no differences in the magnitude of USPIO-induced change in R2* in patients with transplantation (change in R2*, 26.6±7.3 vs 22.0±10.4 s-1in healthy volunteers; p=0.28). After 3 months, patients with transplantation (n=5) had unaltered T2 values (52.7±2.8 vs 52.12±3.4 ms; p=0.80) and changes in R2* following USPIO (29.42±8.14 vs 25.8±7.8 s-1; p=0.43).ConclusionStable patients with cardiac transplantation have increased myocardial T2 values, consistent with resting myocardial oedema or fibrosis. In contrast, USPIO-enhanced MRI is normal and stable over time suggesting the absence of chronic macrophage-driven cellular inflammation. It remains to be determined whether USPIO-enhanced MRI may be able to identify acute cardiac transplant rejection.Trial registration numberNCT02319278349(https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT02319278) Registered 03.12.2014 EUDraCT 2013-002336-24.
Retrospective study of the relative frequency of feline hepatobiliary disease in New Zealand based on 10 years of hepatic biopsy samples
Authors: Fluen Thomas , Hardcastle Michael , Smith Helen L , Gear Robyn N A 
Published: October 2019

AimsTo retrospectively determine the relative frequency of feline hepatobiliary diseases from biopsy specimens submitted to a single laboratory across a 10‐year period and to establish whether age, sex or breed associations exist.MethodsHistopathological data from 154 liver biopsies of New Zealand cats sampled between 2008 and 2018 were analysed. The samples were allocated to primary, secondary and tertiary disease categories using criteria established by the World Small Animal Veterinary Association. Breed associations were derived using ORs and 95% CIs. Gender and age associations were also evaluated.ResultsThe most frequently diagnosed hepatobiliary diseases were lymphocytic cholangitis (20 per cent), hepatitis (16.9 per cent), reversible hepatocellular injury (16.4 per cent), neutrophilic cholangitis (9.7 per cent), haematopoietic neoplasia (9.7 per cent), hepatocellular neoplasia (5.6 per cent) and cholangiocellular neoplasia (4.1 per cent). Burmese cats were found to be at significantly increased risk of both biliary and parenchymal diseases and Birman cats to be at significantly increased risk of parenchymal disease. Domestic longhair cats were at significantly increased risk of hepatobiliary neoplasia. Birman cats were at significantly increased risk of hepatitis while domestic shorthair cats were at significantly decreased risk of neutrophilic cholangitis, reversible hepatocellular injury and hepatitis.ConclusionsThis study is the first retrospective examination of the relative frequency of hepatobiliary disease in biopsy specimens from New Zealand cats. Some breeds were associated with specific histopathology.
S100A10 Is a Critical Mediator of GAS6/AXL–Induced Angiogenesis in Renal Cell Carcinoma
Authors: Xiao Yiren , Zhao Hongjuan , Tian Lei , Nolley Rosalie , Diep Anh N. , Ernst Anne , Fuh Katherine C. , Miao Yu Rebecca , von Eyben Rie , Leppert John T. , Brooks James D. , Peehl Donna M. , Giaccia Amato J. , Rankin Erinn B. 
Published: October 2019

Abstract

Angiogenesis is a hallmark of cancer that promotes tumor progression and metastasis. However, antiangiogenic agents have limited efficacy in cancer therapy due to the development of resistance. In clear cell renal cell carcinoma (ccRCC), AXL expression is associated with antiangiogenic resistance and poor survival. Here, we establish a role for GAS6/AXL signaling in promoting the angiogenic potential of ccRCC cells through the regulation of the plasminogen receptor S100A10. Genetic and therapeutic inhibition of AXL signaling in ccRCC tumor xenografts reduced tumor vessel density and growth under the renal capsule. GAS6/AXL signaling activated the expression of S100A10 through SRC to promote plasmin production, endothelial cell invasion, and angiogenesis. Importantly, treatment with the small molecule AXL inhibitor cabozantinib or an ultra-high affinity soluble AXL Fc fusion decoy receptor (sAXL) reduced the growth of a pazopanib-resistant ccRCC patient-derived xenograft. Moreover, the combination of sAXL synergized with pazopanib and axitinib to reduce ccRCC patient-derived xenograft growth and vessel density. These findings highlight a role for AXL/S100A10 signaling in mediating the angiogenic potential of ccRCC cells and support the combination of AXL inhibitors with antiangiogenic agents for advanced ccRCC.

Significance:
These findings show that angiogenesis in renal cell carcinoma (RCC) is regulated through AXL/S100A10 signaling and support the combination of AXL inhibitors with antiangiogenic agents for the treatment of RCC.
Disparities in Access and Mortality of Patients With ST‐Segment–Elevation Myocardial Infarction Using the Brazilian Public Healthcare System: VICTIM Register
Authors: Oliveira Jussiely Cunha , Almeida‐Santos Marcos Antonio , Cunha‐Oliveira Jeferson , Oliveira Laís Costa Souza , de Carvalho Barreto Ikaro Daniel , Clair RemacreMunareto Lima Ticiane , Andreline Maia Arcelino Larissa , Andrade Prado Luís Flávio , Serra Silveira Fábio , Augusto da Silva Nascimento Thiago , Pereira Ferreira Eduardo José , Vasconcelos Barreto Rafael , Vieira Moraes Enilson , Teles de Mendonça José , Sousa Antonio Carlos Sobral , Barreto‐Filho José Augusto ,   the VICTIM Register Investigators
Published: October 2019

Background

There is a scarcity of knowledge as to whether rates of myocardial reperfusion use and 30‐day mortality for patients with
ST
‐segment–elevation myocardial infarction are similar among patients using the Brazilian Public Health System (
SUS
) and those using the private healthcare system.

Methods and Results

A total of 707 patients were analyzed using the
VICTIM
(Via Crucis for the Treatment of Myocardial Infarction) register database; 589 patients from the
SUS
and 118 from the private network with
ST
‐segment–elevation myocardial infarction, who attended hospitals with the capacity to perform primary percutaneous coronary intervention (
PCI
) were investigated. The timeline, rates of use of
PCI
, and the 30‐day probability of death were investigated, comparing the
SUS
patients to those in the private system. The mean time between symptom onset and arrival at the
PCI
hospital was higher for
SUS
patients compared with users of the private system (25.4±36.5 versus 9.0±21 hours;
P
<0.001, respectively). Rates of primary
PCI
were low in both groups, but significantly lower for the
SUS
patients (45% versus 78%;
P
<0.001). The 30‐day mortality rate of
SUS
patients was 11.9% and of private patients was 5.9% (
P
=0.04). In the fully adjusted model, the odds ratio for 30‐day mortality for the
SUS
patients was higher (odds ratio, 2.96; 95%
CI
, 1.15–7.61;
P
=0.02).

Conclusions

The delay in reaching a
PCI
hospital was almost 3 times higher for the
SUS
patients. Primary
PCI
was underused in both groups, especially in the
SUS
patients. The
SUS
patients were more likely to die during the 30‐day follow‐up.
Biodegradable Flow Diverter for the Treatment of Intracranial Aneurysms: A Pilot Study Using a Rabbit Aneurysm Model
Authors: Nishi Hidehisa , Ishii Akira , Ono Isao , Abekura Yu , Ikeda Hiroyuki , Arai Daisuke , Yamao Yukihiro , Okawa Masakazu , Kikuchi Takayuki , Nakakura Akiyoshi , Miyamoto Susumu 
Published: October 2019

Background

Herein, we report an in vivo study of a biodegradable flow diverter (
BDFD
) for aneurysm occlusion. Conceptually,
BDFD
s induce a temporal flow‐diverting effect and provide a vascular scaffold for neointimal formation at the neck of the aneurysm until occlusion. This offers several potential advantages, including a reduced risk of remote ischemic complications and more treatment options in case of device failure to occlude the aneurysm.

Methods and Results

A
BDFD
consisting of 48 poly‐
l
‐lactic acid wires with radiopaque markers at both ends was prepared. An in vitro degradation test of the
BDFD
was performed. Thirty‐six
BDFD
s were implanted in a rabbit aneurysm model. Digital angiography, optical coherence tomography, histopathology, and scanning electron microscopy were performed after 1, 3, and 6 months, and 1 year. The in vitro degradation test showed that the
BDFD
was almost degraded in 1.5 years. In the in vivo experiment, aneurysm occlusion rates were 0% at 1 month, 20% at 3 months, 50% at 6 months, and 33% at 1 year. Optical coherence tomography showed that luminal area stenosis was the highest at 3 months (16%) and decreased afterward. Immunohistochemical analysis showed that more than half of the luminal surface area was covered by endothelial cells at 1 month. Device fragmentation was not observed in any lesions.

Conclusions

This first in vivo study of a
BDFD
shows the feasibility of using
BDFDs
for treating aneurysms; however, a longer follow‐up is required for comprehensive evaluation of the biological and mechanical behavior peculiar to biodegradable devices.
Abelard’s Treatment of Logical Determinism in Its Twelfth-Century Context
Authors: Binini Irene 
Published: October 2019

AbstractThis article investigates Abelard’s defence of the compatibility between universal bivalence and the existence of future contingent events. It first considers the standard strategy put forward by twelfth-century commentators to solve Aristotle’s dilemma in De Interpretatione 9, which fundamentally relies on Boethius’ distinction between definite and indefinite truth values. Abelard’s own position on the dilemma is then introduced, focusing on a specific deterministic argument considered in his logical works that aims to demonstrate that, given the determinacy of present-tense propositions such as ‘“that Socrates will eat tomorrow” is true’, future contingent events such as that Socrates will eat tomorrow are determinate in advance. In addition to presenting Abelard’s reply to the argument, the article offers an analysis of his notions of contingency, determinacy, and future events, and a comparison between Abelard’s position and other twelfth-century discussions on future contingents.
Images of Wild Flowers in Israeli Visual Culture: Representations of a Troubled Land
Authors: Marnin-Distelfeld Shahar 
Published: October 2019

Abstract
This article examines images of wild flowers in Israeli visual culture from the period of pre-state Israel until the present day. These images have served as “cultural objects” that have helped construct a national identity. They have appeared in Hebrew publications, stamps, banknotes, and artworks. Arguing that the choice of botanical art is a political statement, this article shows the complex attitudes embodied in contemporary wild flower images—both thematic and stylistic—in which the artists negotiate their multifaceted relationship with the Land of Israel as a troubled territory. The images created by Israeli-Jewish artists share a twofold significance: they stand as naïve memories of Israel’s early years and, at the same time, they embody the reality of conflict implied in the idea of sharing the Land with the Israeli Arabs. The methodology of this article is interdisciplinary, as it integrates an analysis of visual images with the use of interviews and the explication of texts.
A New Variable-Threshold Persistent Anomaly Index: Northern Hemisphere Anomalies in the ERA-Interim Reanalysis
Authors: Miller Rebecca L. , Lackmann Gary M. , Robinson Walter A. 
Published: October 2019

Abstract
Persistent weather regimes characterized by anomalous temperature or precipitation are often associated with persistent anomalies (PAs) in the tropospheric geopotential height field. To identify PAs throughout the annual cycle, an earlier definition is modified to apply a seasonally varying magnitude threshold, based on a smoothed, daily varying climatological average of daily 500-hPa geopotential height variability. The modified index can be applied to a wide variety of analysis, reanalysis, or model-forecast gridded data. Here, the modified PA index is used to identify positive and negative Northern Hemisphere PAs in all seasons and to compute trends in PA frequency, strength, location, and duration, in the ECMWF ERA-Interim reanalysis dataset (1979–2016). Height data are detrended and anomalies are weighted with an inverse sine-of-latitude function. In addition to maxima in PA frequency identified previously (North Pacific, North Atlantic, and Russia), an additional summertime maximum appears in the Arctic; this feature has not been analyzed extensively. A composite of summertime positive Arctic PA events reveals an equivalent barotropic structure, similar to that documented for midlatitude PAs. Arctic PA frequency is greatest in summer; it exhibits no trend in frequency over the 38-yr ERA-Interim analysis period. In fact, no discernable trends in PA frequency, strength, or duration are evident in the analysis period for the primary PA regions, although there is a suggestion of a northward shift in positive PA activity in the North Pacific.
Can MDCT Scan of the Temporal Bone Looking at Pneumatization Predict Surgical Vulnerability of the Facial Nerve?
Authors: Inal Mikail , Muluk Nuray Bayar , Şahan Mehmet Hamdi , Asal Neşe , Şimşek Gökçe , Arıkan Osman Kürşat 
Published: October 2019

Objectives: The aim of this study is to investigate the scutum–cochleariform process (CP) and scutum–promontorium distances according to the mastoid pneumatization condition. Methods: Two hundred temporal multidetector computed tomography scans (90 males and 110 females) were evaluated retrospectively. The scutum-CP and scutum–promontorium distances were measured. Facial canal dehiscence (FCD) in the tympanic segment and mastoid pneumatization were also evaluated. Results: The distances between scutum-CP and scutum–promontorium were not different between males and females and between right and left sides. Facial canal dehiscence in the tympanic segment was detected: 5.6% (right) and 7.8% (left) in males and 5.5% (right) and 10.0% (left) in females. Grade 4 (100%) pneumatization was detected mainly in 55.6% to 57.8% of the patients in both genders. Grade 0 (0%) pneumatization (sclerosis) was detected in 22.2% to 28.2% of both males and females. In more pneumatized mastoids, the scutum-CP and scutum–promontorium distances increased. In sclerotic mastoids, the scutum-CP and scutum–promontorium distances decreased. Facial canal dehiscence rates were not related to the mastoid pneumatization levels. Conclusion: Cochleariform process is an important landmark to localize the tympanic segment of the facial canal. In sclerosed mastoids, scutum-CP and scutum–promontorium distances decreased. There was no relationship between FCD rates and mastoid pneumatization levels. It may be due to the development of FCD that occurs during the intrauterine period. In endoscopic and classic ear surgeries, mastoid pneumatization must be evaluated preoperatively to avoid facial nerve injuries.
Custodiol cardioplegia solution compared to cold blood cardioplegia in pediatric cardiac surgery: a single-institution experience
Authors: Bibevski Steven , Mendoza Laura , Ruzmetov Mark , Tayon Kevin , Alkon Jaime , Vandale Breanna , Scholl Frank 
Published: October 2019

Objective: Custodiol is an intracellular, crystalloid cardioplegia solution that is a single-dose alternative to multi-dose cold blood cardioplegia; however, there is scarce data regarding its use in infants and children. The objective of this study was to compare its impact on myocardial function in infants. Methods: Single-center retrospective review including 132 patients <12 months old undergoing biventricular repair. There were 106 patients who received single-dose Custodiol and 27 patients who received multi-dose blood cardioplegia. Demographic and echocardiographic data were compared between the two groups. Results: Patients receiving Custodiol were slightly younger (100 ± 62 days) and lower weight (4.7 ± 1.3 kg) compared to 152 ± 86 days and 5.2 ± 1.3 kg for blood cardioplegia (p < 0.05). The Society of Thoracic Surgeons/European Association for Cardio-Thoracic Surgery Congenital Heart Surgery score was similar between both groups. Average cardiopulmonary bypass time was similar between both groups (Custodiol 93 ± 54 minutes vs. blood 81 ± 44 minutes, p = 0.46) as was aortic cross-clamp time (Custodiol 58 ± 33 minutes vs. cold blood 53 ± 33 minutes, p = 0.62). Pre-operative left ventricular ejection fraction was similar for blood 73 ± 8% versus Custodiol 70 ± 9%, p = 0.21. There was also no intergroup difference in left ventricular ejection fraction 24 hours post op (blood 64 ± 9% vs. Custodiol 65 ± 12%, p = 0.53) or at discharge (blood 66 ± 10% vs. Custodiol 66 ± 11%, p = 0.95). The pre-operative right ventricle function by fractional area change was also similar in blood cardioplegia (46 ± 13%) versus Custodiol (48 ± 9%, p = 0.38) and showed similar drops in parameters in the two groups 24 hours after surgery and at discharge. Conclusion: Single-dose Custodiol is as safe as blood cardioplegia for myocardial protection in congenital cardiac surgery for the cross-clamp times evaluated in this study. Evaluation at longer cross-clamp times would be helpful to determine if there is a greater benefit to single-dose Custodiol versus more repeated doses of blood cardioplegia for longer cross-clamp times.
Does inpatient palliative care consultation impact outcomes following hospital discharge? A narrative systematic review
Authors: Scott Mary , Shaver Nicole , Lapenskie Julie , Isenberg Sarina R , Saunders Stephanie , Hsu Amy T , Tanuseputro Peter 
Published: October 2019

Background: While most patients desire to die at home or in a community-based hospice, the transition from hospital to community settings often lacks streamlined coordination of care to ensure that adequate support is provided in the preferred care setting. The impact of hospital-based palliative care consultations on post-discharge care and outcomes has not been extensively studied. Aim: The aim of this study was to appraise available research on the impact of inpatient palliative care consultations on transitions from hospital to community settings. Design: We conducted a narrative systematic review and used the Effective Public Health Practice Project tool to appraise the quality of selected studies. Studies were included if they assessed the transition from hospital to community and examined outcomes after an inpatient palliative care consultation. A protocol for this study was registered and published in PROSPERO, Centre for Reviews and Dissemination (ID: CRD42018094924). Data sources: We searched for quantitative studies indexed in PubMED, CINAHL and Cochrane and published between 1 January 1 2000 and 11 March 2018. Results: Our search retrieved 2749 articles. From these, 123 articles were full-text screened and 15 studies met our inclusion criteria. Studies reported that inpatient palliative care consultations are associated with high rates of discharge to community settings, greater provision of services post-discharge, improved coordination and lower rates of rehospitalization. Conclusion: Existing evidence suggest that inpatient palliative care consultations have a positive impact on patient outcomes and transitions to the community, demonstrating the potential to improve patient quality of life and relieve overburdened acute care systems.
A case report of rectal adenocarcinoma with intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma of the liver
Authors: Guo Jing-qiang , Zou Jing-jing , Zhu Jin-de , Jiang Chuan , Shao Chu-xiao 
Published: October 2019

Objective In this case report, we describe our experience with a patient who was treated for rectal adenocarcinoma complicated with primary cholangiocarcinoma of the liver and highlight the problems in the diagnosis and treatment of these potentially fatal lesions. Methods In the clinical setting, we often use the concept of “monism” for diagnosis and treatment. In this report, we review the diagnosis and treatment of rectal adenocarcinoma complicated with primary cholangiocarcinoma of the liver. Results Four months after surgery, the patient’s carbohydrate antigen 19-9 level was elevated, and positron emission tomography/computed tomography showed multiple liver metastases. The patient underwent three rounds of transarterial chemoembolisation and two rounds of radiofrequency ablation at our hospital for recurrent hepatocellular carcinoma. The clinical response was poor and indicative of progression of intrahepatic lesions. Conclusion A preoperative multidisciplinary team, rapid intraoperative pathological examination, and active comprehensive postoperative treatment are necessary to improve the prognosis of multiple primary tumours.
Integrating Evidence-Supported Psychotherapy Principles in Mental Health Case Management: A Capacity-Building Pilot
Authors: Ravitz Paula , Berkhout Suze , Lawson Andrea , Kay Tatjana , Meikle Susan 
Published: October 2019

Objectives: Mental health case managers comprise a large workforce who help patients who struggle with complex mental illnesses and unmet needs with respect to the social determinants of health. This mixed-methods capacity-building pilot examined the feasibility, experiences, and outcomes of training community-based mental health case managers to integrate evidence-based psychotherapy principles into their case conceptualization and management practices. Methods: Case-based, once-weekly, group consultations and training in applied therapeutic principles from mentalizing, interpersonal psychotherapy, motivational interviewing, and other evidence-based psychotherapies were provided to case managers over 8 months. A trauma-informed and culturally sensitive approach was emphasized to improve therapeutic alliances and to foster adaptive expertise and an appreciation of individual patient differences. Results: Qualitative analyses of focus groups and individualized interviews identified a shift toward being more reflective rather than reactive, with improved empathy, patient engagement, morale, and confidence resulting from the training ( N = 16). Self-reported pre–post counseling self-efficacy changes revealed significant improvements overall, driven by improved microskills and an ability to deal with challenging client behaviors ( N = 10; P < 0.05). Conclusions: This pilot demonstrated that case-based consultations and training of mental health case managers within a community-of-practice in trauma-informed, culturally sensitive application of evidence-supported psychotherapy principles were feasible and acceptable with scalable potential to improve case managers’ counseling self-efficacy, reflective capacity, empathy, and morale. Further research in this area is needed with a larger sample, and patient and health systems outcomes.