bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Circular rubber aggregate CFST stub columns under axial compression: prediction and reliability analysis
Authors: Megahed Khaled , Mahmoud Nabil Said , Abd-Rabou Saad Elden Mostafa 
Published: October 2024

AbstractExtensive studies support using steel tubes to enhance the structural integrity of rubber aggregate concrete (RBAC), namely RBAC-filled steel tubes (RCFST). However, current design codes for assessing the axial compressive behaviour of circular stub RCFST (CS-RCFST) columns are limited. Furthermore, there is a scarcity of studies focused on ensuring the structural safety of these columns. Based on an extensive experimental database comprising 145 columns, this study explores machine learning (ML) capabilities for predicting the axial strength of CS-RCFST columns, using six typical machine-learning models, i.e., symbolic regression (SR), XGBoost, CatBoost, random forest, LightGBM, and Gaussian process regression models. The hyperparameter tuning of the introduced ML models is performed using the Bayesian Optimization technique. The comparison results show that the CatBoost model is the most reliable and accurate ML model (R2 = 0.999 and 0.993 for the training and testing sets, respectively). In addition, a simple and practical design expression for CS-RCFST columns has been developed with acceptable accuracy based on the SR model (an average test-to-prediction ratio of 0.99 and CoV of 0.132). Meanwhile, the axial strength predicted by ML models was compared with two prominent practice codes (i.e., AISC360 and EC4). The comparison results indicated that the ML models could introduce a highly reliable and accurate approach over current design standards for strength prediction. Furthermore, a reliability analysis is conducted on two different ML models to evaluate the reliability of utilising ML models in practical design applications. This assessment involves identifying the statistical properties associated with the compressive strength of RBAC, as well as introducing the required resistance design factors aligned with the target reliability recommended by code standards.
The 24-hour molecular landscape after exercise in humans reveals MYC is sufficient for muscle growth
Authors: Edman Sebastian , Jones III Ronald G , Jannig Paulo R , Fernandez-Gonzalo Rodrigo , Norrbom Jessica , Thomas Nicholas T , Khadgi Sabin , Koopmans Pieter J , Morena Francielly , Chambers Toby L , Peterson Calvin S , Scott Logan N , Greene Nicholas P , Figueiredo Vandre C , Fry Christopher S , Zhengye Liu , Lanner Johanna T , Wen Yuan , Alkner Björn , Murach Kevin A , von Walden Ferdinand 
Published: October 2024

AbstractA detailed understanding of molecular responses to a hypertrophic stimulus in skeletal muscle leads to therapeutic advances aimed at promoting muscle mass. To decode the molecular factors regulating skeletal muscle mass, we utilized a 24-h time course of human muscle biopsies after a bout of resistance exercise. Our findings indicate: (1) the DNA methylome response at 30 min corresponds to upregulated genes at 3 h, (2) a burst of translation- and transcription-initiation factor-coding transcripts occurs between 3 and 8 h, (3) changes to global protein-coding gene expression peaks at 8 h, (4) ribosome-related genes dominate the mRNA landscape between 8 and 24 h, (5) methylation-regulated MYC is a highly influential transcription factor throughout recovery. To test whether MYC is sufficient for hypertrophy, we periodically pulse MYC in skeletal muscle over 4 weeks. Transient MYC increases muscle mass and fiber size in the soleus of adult mice. We present a temporally resolved resource for understanding molecular adaptations to resistance exercise in muscle (http://data.myoanalytics.com) and suggest that controlled MYC doses influence the exercise-related hypertrophic transcriptional landscape.
The effects of polyolefin structure and source on pyrolysis-derived plastic oil composition
Authors: Wu Jiayang , Jiang Zhen , Cecon Victor S. , Curtzwiler Greg , Vorst Keith , Mavrikakis Manos , Huber George W. 
Published: October 2024

Seven types of plastics, from varied structures and sources, were pyrolyzed in a fluidized bed reactor. The resulting oils were analyzed by GC×GC, NMR, and ICP, while theory and experiments were combined to explore the degradation mechanism.
Intrafibrillar calcium carbonate mineralization of electrospinning polyvinyl alcohol/collagen films with improved mechanical and bioactive properties
Authors: Liu Yin , Gao Xin , Li Yuqi , Gao Anqi , Zheng Zhuozhi , Wei Jingjiang , Yang Hongye , Ping Hang , Xie Hao , Wang Hao , Wang Weimin , Fu Zhengyi 
Published: October 2024

The mineralized PVA/Col–CaCO3 film play an essential role in guided bone-regeneration (GBR) techniques, which exhibited good mechanical and bioactive properties.
Unmanned aerial vehicle image stitching based on multi‐region segmentation
Authors: Pan Weidong , Li Anhu , Liu Xingsheng , Deng Zhaojun 
Published: October 2024

AbstractUnmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) image stitching is a key technology for aerial remote sensing applications. Most existing image stitching methods based on optimal seamline searching algorithms can eliminate defects such as ghosting and distortion in stitched images, which unfortunately suffer from the problem that the seamline may cross those regions with significant geometric misalignment between different images. Therefore, a novel image stitching method based on multi‐region image segmentation is proposed. The algorithm starts by performing a multi‐scale morphological reconstruction in the overlapping regions between UAV images to obtain superpixel images with precise contours. Then, the fast density peaks clustering based on K‐nearest neighbours is applied to automatically determine the clustering centres and the number of clusters. By constructing a cost function, an energy map is generated in the overlapping regions between UAV images. Finally, the optimal seamline can be determined with a graph‐cut method. Compared to several popular image stitching algorithms in real experiments, the proposed method can essentially prevent the seamline from crossing significant ground objects to ensure the integrity of structural objects while achieving satisfactory accuracy and efficiency during the UAV image stitching process.
Bistatic multi‐polarimetric synthetic aperture radar coherence investigation using spatially variant incoherence trimming
Authors: Hagelberg Alexander , Andre Daniel , Finnis Mark 
Published: October 2024

AbstractSynthetic Aperture Radar (SAR) Coherent Change Detection allows for the detection of very small scene changes. This is particularly useful for Intelligence, Surveillance and Reconnaissance as small changes such as vehicle tracks can be identified. Rapidly collecting repeat pass SAR imagery is important in these applications. For space‐borne platforms, such repeat passes may however have significant differences, or baselines. Coherent Change Detection products are reliant on high coherence for good interpretability. This work investigates the sources and levels of incoherence associated with bistatic SAR imagery for a variety of baselines using simulations and measured laboratory data for two ground types. Additionally, spatially variant incoherence trimming is implemented. The paper shows the importance of angle‐dependant backscatter on the coherence of sub‐resolution cell scatterers.
Confusion of extragalactic sources in the far-infrared: A baseline assessment of the performance of PRIMAger in intensity and polarization
Authors: Béthermin Matthieu , Bolatto Alberto D. , Boulanger François , Bradford Charles M. , Burgarella Denis , Ciesla Laure , Donnellan James , Hensley Brandon S. , Glenn Jason , Lagache Guilaine , Lopez-Rodriguez Enrique , Oliver Seb , Pope Alexandra , Sauvage Marc 
Published: October 2024

Aims. Because of their limited angular resolution, far-infrared telescopes are usually affected by the confusion phenomenon. Since several galaxies can be located in the same instrumental beam, only the brightest objects emerge from the fluctuations caused by fainter sources. The PRobe far-Infrared Mission for Astrophysics imager (PRIMAger) will observe the mid- and far-infrared (25–235 μm) sky both in intensity and polarization. We aim to provide predictions of the confusion level and its consequences for future surveys.
Methods. We produced simulated PRIMAger maps affected only by the confusion noise using the simulated infrared extragalactic sky (SIDES) semi-empirical simulation. We then estimated the confusion limit in these maps and extracted the sources using a basic blind extractor. By comparing the input galaxy catalog and the extracted source catalog, we derived various performance metrics as completeness, purity, and the accuracy of various measurements (e.g., the flux density in intensity and polarization or the polarization angle).
Results. In intensity maps, we predict that the confusion limit increases rapidly with increasing wavelength (from 21 μJy at 25 μm to 46 mJy at 235 μm). The confusion limit in polarization maps is more than two orders of magnitude lower (from 0.03 mJy at 96 μm to 0.25 mJy at 235 μm). Both in intensity and polarization maps, the measured (polarized) flux density is dominated by the brightest galaxy in the beam, but other objects also contribute in intensity maps at longer wavelengths (∼30% at 235 μm). We also show that galaxy clustering has a mild impact on confusion in intensity maps (up to 25%), while it is negligible in polarization maps. In intensity maps, a basic blind extraction will be sufficient to detect galaxies at the knee of the luminosity function up to z ∼ 3 and 1011 M⊙ main-sequence galaxies up to z ∼ 5. In polarization for the most conservative sensitivity forecast (payload requirements), ∼200 galaxies can be detected up to z = 1.5 in two 1500 h surveys covering 1 deg2 and 10 deg2. For a conservative sensitivity estimate, we expect ∼8000 detections up to z = 2.5, opening a totally new window on the high-z dust polarization. Finally, we show that intensity surveys at short wavelengths and polarization surveys at long wavelengths tend to reach confusion at similar depth. There is thus a strong synergy between them.
Quantitative spectroscopy of multiple OB stars
Authors: Aschenbrenner P. , Przybilla N. 
Published: October 2024

Context. The majority of massive stars are located in binary or multiple star systems. Compared to single stars, these objects pose additional challenges to quantitative analyses based on model atmospheres. In particular, little information is currently available on the chemical composition of such systems.
Aims. The members of the quadruple star system HD 37061, which excites the H II region Messier 43 in Orion, are fully characterised. Accurate and precise abundances for all elements with lines traceable in the optical spectrum are derived for the first time.
Methods. A hybrid non-local thermodynamic equilibrium (non-LTE) approach, using line-blanketed hydrostatic model atmospheres computed with the ATLAS12 code in combination with non-LTE line-formation calculations with DETAIL and SURFACE, was employed. A high-resolution composite spectrum was analysed for the atmospheric parameters and elemental abundances of the individual stars. Fundamental stellar parameters were derived based on stellar evolution tracks, and the interstellar reddening was characterised.
Results. We determined the fundamental parameters and chemical abundances for three stars in the HD 37061 system. The fourth and faintest star in the system shows no distinct spectral features, as a result of its fast rotation. However, this star has noticeable effects on the continuum. The derived element abundances and determined ages of the individual stars are consistent with each other, and the abundances coincide with the cosmic abundance standard. We find an excellent agreement between our spectroscopic distance and the Gaia Data Release 3 parallax distance.
Performance of fast and ultrafast T2-weighted MRI sequences for common cerebral lesions in children
Authors: Gräfe Daniel , Anders Rebecca , Frahm Jens , Voit Dirk , Simion Stefan-Horia , Merkenschlager Andreas , Hirsch Franz Wolfgang 
Published: October 2024

AbstractThe use of fast and ultrafast T2-weighted sequences allows for low-motion-artifact imaging of the cerebrospinal fluid spaces and can thus avoid sedation in young children for cranial MRI (cMRI). It is still unclear to what extent these sequences can also depict other common cerebral findings in children. The aim of the study was to compare the potential delineation of common intracranial findings in pediatric cMRI with two fast and one ultrafast T2-weighted sequences.Children who had undergone a single-shot spin-echo and gradient echo sequence, as well as an ultrafast volume coverage (VC) sequence, in addition to a standard T2-weighted fast spin-echo (FSE) sequence as reference were retrospectively included. Visualization of findings was assessed using a Likert scale from 0 to 3. Differences between groups of findings were quantified using a Kruskal-Wallis test.284 findings in 126 patients (median age: 10.6 years, interquartile range: 5.1 to 15.0 years) were analyzed. Overall, in fast T2-weighted sequences, the percentage of visible (score 2 or 3) findings was between 60% and 100%. There was little difference between the two fast sequences and the ultrafast VC.Ultrafast VC as compared to conventional fast sequences allows for almost the same discrimination of common neuropediatric pathologies but at seven times the speed. Although not an equivalent substitute for T2 FSE in parenchymal findings, it can contribute to triage at little expense and thus reduce the burden on both patients and staff.
Influence of Mitochondrial NAD(P) +  Transhydrogenase
(NNT) on Hypothalamic Inflammation and Metabolic Dysfunction Induced by a
High-Fat Diet in Mice
Authors: Santos Giovanna Leite , Dias Costa Ericka Francislaine , Dalla Costa Ana Paula , Zanesco Ariane Maria , Simoes Marcela Reymond , Rogério Fábio , Demolin Daniele Masselli Rodrigues , Navarro Claudia Daniele Carvalho , Velloso Lício Augusto , Francisco Annelise , Castilho Roger Frigério 
Published: October 2024

AbstractThe mitochondrial protein NAD(P)+ transhydrogenase (NNT) has been
implicated in the metabolic derangements observed in obesity. Mice with the
C57BL/6J genetic background bear a spontaneous mutation in the Nnt gene
and are known to exhibit increased susceptibility to diet-induced metabolic
disorders. Most of the studies on NNT in the context of diet-induced obesity
have compared C57BL/6J mice with other mouse strains, where differences in
genetic background can serve as confounding factors. Moreover, these studies
have predominantly employed a high-fat diet (HFD) consisting of approximately
60% of calories from fat, which may not accurately mimic real-world fat-rich
diets. In this study, we sought to examine the role of NNT in diet-induced
hypothalamic inflammation and metabolic syndrome by using a congenic mice model
lacking NNT, along with a HFD providing approximately 45% of calories from fat.
Our findings indicate that mice lacking NNT were more protected from HFD-induced
weight gain but presented a worse performance on glucose tolerance test, albeit
not in insulin tolerance test. Interestingly, the brown adipose tissue of
HFD-fed Nnt
+/+ mice presented a greater mass and a higher
whole-tissue ex-vivo oxygen consumption rate. Also, HFD increased the expression
of the inflammatory markers Il1β, Tlr4 and Iba1 in the
hypothalamus of Nnt
–/– mice. In conclusion, our study
highlights the importance of NNT in the context of diet-induced obesity and
metabolic syndrome, indicating its contribution to mitigate hypothalamic
inflammation and suggesting its role in the brown adipose tissue increased
mass.
Short-Acting Oral Nifedipine versus Intravenous Labetalol for the Control of Severe Hypertension in the Postpartum Period: A Retrospective Cohort Study
Authors: Booker Whitney A. , Bejerano Shai , Frappaolo Anna , Miller Eliza C. , Bello Natalie A. 
Published: October 2024

Objective This study aimed to compare the effectiveness of oral short-acting (SA) nifedipine with intravenous (IV) labetalol for the treatment of postpartum (PP) severe hypertension.
Study Design We conducted a retrospective cohort study of women who delivered at a tertiary care facility between January and December 2018, had not previously received antihypertensive medication, and required treatment for PP severe hypertension defined as systolic blood pressure (SBP) ≥ 160 mm Hg and/or diastolic blood pressure (DBP) ≥110 mm Hg. Exposure groups were defined by the receipt of either oral SA nifedipine or IV labetalol. The primary outcome was time (minutes) to BP control (SBP < 160 mm Hg and DBP <110 mm Hg). Secondary outcomes included number of doses required to achieve BP control, crossover to the alternative medication, and recurrence of severe range BP after the achievement of BP control. t-Tests and Wilcoxon–Mann–Whitney tests were used to analyze continuous variables and chi-square tests or Fisher's exact tests were used to analyze categorical variables. Multivariable linear regression models were conducted for the primary outcome, controlling for potential confounders in a sequential fashion across three models. A Kaplan–Meier plot was also created.
Results Of the 99 women included, 74 received oral SA nifedipine and 25 received IV labetalol. There was no significant difference in minutes to initial BP control between groups (30.5 minutes [interquartile range, IQR: 20.0–45.0] vs. 25.0 minutes [IQR: 14.0–50.0]; p = 0.82) or in the rate of recurrent severe BP. However, patients who received nifedipine required fewer doses to achieve control (p < 0.01) and did not require crossover (0 vs. 12%, p = 0.01).
Conclusion Both oral SA nifedipine and IV labetalol are effective options for treating PP severe hypertension. An initial choice of nifedipine was associated with a lower requirement for subsequent doses of medication and no need for crossover to an alternative antihypertensive medication.
Key Points
Errors in the field reconstruction using CR-39 proton radiographs with high fluence variation
Authors: Foo B. C. , Buschmann B. I. , Cufari M. , Dannhoff S. G. , DeVault A. , Evans T. E. , Johnson T. M. , Kunimune J. H. , Lawrence Y. , Pearcy J. A. , Reichelt B. L. , Russell L. , Vanderloo N. , Vargas J. , Wink C. W. , Johnson M. Gatu , Séguin F. H. , Petrasso R. D. , Frenje J. A. 
Published: October 2024

CR-39 proton radiography is an experimental charged-particle backlighter platform fielded and used at OMEGA and the NIF to image electric and magnetic fields in a subject plasma. Processing a piece of CR-39 involves etching it in hot NaOH, and the etch time can greatly impact the background-to-signal ratio (BSR) in low-fluence (≲4 × 104 cm−2) regions and detection efficiency in high-fluence regions (≳7 × 105 cm−2). For CR-39 data with high fluence variation, these effects mean that any single etch time will result in ≳15% error in the measured signal in either the high- or low-fluence regions. This study aims to quantify the impact of the etch time on the BSR and efficiency losses and how these affect the field reconstruction. Experiments at the MIT Linear Electrostatic Ion Accelerator provided empirical values of the BSR and efficiency losses as a function of the fluence and etch time for fluences ranging from 3 × 103 to 7 × 105 cm−2. Synthetic radiographs were generated with known fields and modulated based on empirical values of BSR and efficiency losses. The fields were reconstructed using a Monge–Ampère code with the modulated radiographs as input. The results indicate that combining short and long etches allows for more accurate analysis of radiographs with high fluence variation, with the mean squared error of the reconstructed fields decreasing by factors of 1.2–7 compared to the reconstructions using only one etch time.
La accesibilidad en el cine de animación infantil y juvenil
Authors: Cuéllar Lázaro Carmen 
Published: October 2024

Abstract
This study deals with animated films aimed at children and youth with a dual objective: first, from an
intralinguistic point of view, to understand the use of subtitling to make Spanish produced animated films accessible to
Spanish audiences with impaired hearing; second, from a interlinguistic perspective, to understand the linguistic and
translatological challenges of transferring this audiovisual product to German-speaking viewers. A review of the parameters
governing subtitling for the deaf shows that, in general, the normative guidelines have been followed. Moreover, the
interlinguistic analysis shows that the translation into German was made using the English version of the film which may
present consequences for German speakers given the cultural context of the adaptation.
CRI
Authors: Morand Clément , Ridoux Olivier 
Published: October 2024

Summary

La Nature (1873–1962) is a French popular science magazine that spanned a large time period and a
large range of topics. It is available via ocerized archives so that it forms a corpus that is simultaneously diachronous,
heterogeneous, and noisy. Although these characteristics make it complex to analyze, La Nature is of great
interest for digital humanities studies on the evolution of thoughts in science, technology, and even politics.
The work presented in this article is part of research on the semantic annotation of these archives, which is discovering clues
for exploring them. One type of clue that has not been explored in a complex corpus such as La Nature is
binomial names, or more specifically, the named entities that refer to the Linnean
classification of life, e.g., Escherichia coli. To overcome this complexity, the concept of a Competent
Reader, who can detect binomial names even when obsolete, non-standard or defaced by OCR, is introduced. By imitating
a Competent Reader, our approach, which we call the Competent Reader Imitator (CRI), involves combining a
rule-based approach with a frequency argument. We show that this innovative method is robust to numerous variations and
consistently achieves an F-measure of about 70% despite diachronicity, heterogeneity, and noise, which are all known to impede
named entity recognition. Our method has many potential applications, such as in the study of chemical names and names of
scientific and technical artifacts, which could benefit from the Competent Reader imitation approach. Beyond our work on
La Nature, we hope this paper provides a set of tools and methods that are easily understandable, frugal, and
usable for a general public interested in exploring similar historical corpus.
Role of decoupling and Rastall parameters on Krori–Barua and Tolman IV models generated by isotropization and complexity factor
Authors: Naseer Tayyab , Sharif M 
Published: October 2024

Abstract
We develop multiple analytical solutions to the Rastall field equations using a recently proposed scheme, named the gravitational decoupling. In order to do this, we assume a spherical distribution that possesses anisotropic pressure in its interior and extend it by incorporating an additional gravitating source through the corresponding Lagrangian density. Such addition in the initial fluid distribution leads to the complicated field equations which are then tackled by implementing the minimal geometric deformation. This execution divides these equations into two different systems, each corresponds to the original source. The first system representing initial source is solved by adopting Krori–Barua and Tolman IV spacetimes, while three different constraints are used to work out the other set. The constants engaged in the above two ansatz are calculated through the junction conditions. The developed models are further explored graphically in the interior of a star, say

4
U
1820
−
30

. Finally, we conclude our results to be physically feasible under the considered variation in both Rastall and decoupling parameters. It is important to mention here that the derived models can be viewed as idealized or toy models that serve as preliminary explorations within the framework of Rastall gravity.