bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A Closer Look at Some Gas-phase Depletions in the ISM: Trends for O, Ge, and Kr versus
, f(H2), and Starlight Intensity*
Authors: Jenkins Edward B. 
Published: February 2019

Abstract
In a survey of archived ultraviolet spectra of 100 stars recorded by the echelle spectrograph of the Space Telescope Imaging Spectrograph on the Hubble Space Telescope, we measure the strengths of the weak absorption features of O i, Ge ii, and Kr i in the interstellar medium. Our objective is to undertake an investigation that goes beyond earlier abundance studies to see how these elements are influenced independently by three different environmental properties: (1) values of a generalized atomic depletion factor F
* due to condensations onto dust grains (revealed here by the abundances of Mg and Mn relative to H), (2) the fraction of H atoms in the form of H2
f(H2), and (3) the ambient intensity I of ultraviolet starlight relative to an average value in our part of the Galaxy I
0. As expected, the gas-phase abundances of all three elements exhibit negative partial correlations with F
*. The abundances of free O atoms show significant positive partial correlations with

and

, while Ge and Kr exhibit negative partial correlations with

at marginal levels of significance. After correcting for these trends, the abundances of O relative to H show no significant variations with location, except for the already-known radial gradient of light-element abundances in the Milky Way. A comparison of Ge and O abundances revealed no significant regional enhancements or deficiencies of neutron-capture elements relative to α-process ones.
The Effect of Cyclosporine A (Restasis) on Recovery of Visual Acuity Following LASIK
Authors: Ursea Roxana , Purcell Tracy L. , Tan Bryan U. , Nalgirkar Aniruddha , Lovaton Mario E. , Ehrenhaus Michael P. , Schanzlin David J. 
Published: February 2019

Purpose
To compare the recovery of uncorrected visual acuity (UCVA) following LASIK in patients treated with topical cyclosporine A 0.05% and patients treated with a standard postoperative regimen.

Methods
In this single-center, open-label, retrospective study, a standard refractive workup was performed in 45 patients (85 eyes) who underwent LASIK and did not have preexisting dry eye. In 36 eyes, a standard postoperative eye drop regimen was followed, and in 49 eyes, cyclosporine A 0.05% was added to the standard regimen for 12 weeks. Uncorrected visual acuity was measured 1 week and 1 and 3 months postoperatively.

Results
One week postoperatively, 22 (44.9%) eyes in the cyclosporine A group and 8 (22.2%) eyes in the standard treatment group had UCVA of 20/15. Cumulatively, 36 (73.5%) eyes in the cyclosporine A group and 24 (66.7%) eyes in the standard treatment group had UCVA of 20/20 or better. One month postoperatively, 37 (75.5%) in the cyclosporine A group and 23 (63.9%) eyes in the standard treatment group had UCVA of 20/20 or better. Three months postoperatively, 40 (81.6%) eyes in the cyclosporine A group and 25 (69.4%) eyes in the standard treatment group had UCVA of 20/20 or better. Mean UCVA in the cyclosporine A group showed statistically significant improvements compared with the standard treatment group.

Conclusions

Cyclosporine A 0.05%, in the form of Restasis, may be an effective treatment for reducing the time needed for visual recovery after LASIK. Use of cyclosporine A was associated with overall better and faster recovery of UCVA. [
J Refract Surg
. 2008;24:473–476.]
Comparison of Techniques for Corneal Power Assessment After Myopic LASIK Without the Use of Preoperative Data
Authors: Cheng Arthur C.K. , Rao Srinivas S.K. , Lau Silvania , Wong Amy , Lam Dennis S.C. 
Published: February 2019

Purpose
To compare the accuracy of different corneal power assessment techniques that do not require preoperative information with the clinical history method.

Methods

This retrospective study analyzed 50 eyes of 50 patients using 3-month postoperative data. Net corneal powers were obtained with each of the following methods: Maloney, Wang, Sonego-Krone, Srivannaboon, Shammas, Orbscan flat axis, and Gaussian optics formula with Orbscan. Results were compared to the clinical history method using paired sample
t
test, Bland-Altman plots, and linear regression.

Results
Both the Gaussian optics formula and Wang method were not significantly different from the clinical history method. The Sonego-Krone method significantly underestimated the corneal power, whereas the Maloney, Srivannaboon, Shammas, and Orbscan flat axis methods significantly overestimated the corneal power.

Conclusions

The Gaussian optics formula and Wang method yielded comparable results with the clinical history method for assessing corneal power. The Gaussian optics formula produced the smallest standard deviation. [
J Refract Surg.
2008;24:539–543.]
Recalcitrant Epithelial Ingrowth in Patients With Compromised Eyelid Function
Authors: Samimi David B. , Hamilton D. Rex 
Published: February 2019

Purpose
To report recalcitrant unilateral epithelial ingrowth in two patients with ipsilateral weak eyelid closure.

Methods
Two patients with weak eyelid closure who underwent simultaneous, uncomplicated LASIK developed unilateral epithelial ingrowth.

Results
Eight months postoperatively, one patient presented with right-sided epithelial ingrowth. One month after removal, more extensive epithelial ingrowth was noted and removed, and the flap gutters were sealed with fibrin adhesive. Epithelial ingrowth recurred 1 week later. The epithelial ingrowth was removed and the flap was secured with concurrent placement of radial 10-0 nylon sutures. No further epithelial ingrowth recurred. In the second patient, epithelial ingrowth was noted in the left eye 4 months postoperatively. Eight months later, the ingrowth was removed with subsequent recurrence in 2 weeks.

Conclusions

Weak eyelid closure may be a predisposing factor to poor flap adhesion and epithelial ingrowth. Close attention to lid function may be of importance in deciding between LASIK and photorefractive keratectomy, particularly in patients with other risk factors for epithelial ingrowth. [
J Refract Surg.
2008;24:544–546.]
Upper Airway Cell Transcriptomics Identify a Major New Immunological Phenotype with Strong Clinical Correlates in Young Children with Acute Wheezing
Authors: Khoo Siew-Kim , Read James , Franks Kimberley , Zhang Guicheng , Bizzintino Joelene , Coleman Laura , McCrae Christopher , Öberg Lisa , Troy Niamh M. , Prastanti Franciska , Everard Janet , Oo Stephen , Borland Meredith L. , Maciewicz Rose A. , Le Souëf Peter N. , Laing Ingrid A. , Bosco Anthony 
Published: February 2019

Abstract
Asthma exacerbations are triggered by rhinovirus infections. We employed a systems biology approach to delineate upper-airway gene network patterns underlying asthma exacerbation phenotypes in children. Cluster analysis unveiled distinct IRF7hi versus IRF7lo molecular phenotypes, the former exhibiting robust upregulation of Th1/type I IFN responses and the latter an alternative signature marked by upregulation of cytokine and growth factor signaling and downregulation of IFN-γ. The two phenotypes also produced distinct clinical phenotypes. For IRF7lo children, symptom duration prior to hospital presentation was more than twice as long from initial symptoms (p = 0.011) and nearly three times as long for cough (p &lt; 0.001), the odds ratio of admission to hospital was increased more than 4-fold (p = 0.018), and time to recurrence was shorter (p = 0.015). In summary, our findings demonstrate that asthma exacerbations in children can be divided into IRF7hi versus IRF7lo phenotypes with associated differences in clinical phenotypes.
Glatiramer Acetate Stimulates Regulatory B Cell Functions
Authors: Amrouche Kahina , Pers Jacques-Olivier , Jamin Christophe 
Published: February 2019

Abstract
The control of the activities of regulatory B (Breg) cells in immune disorders is an emerging therapeutic strategy for the recovery of immune homeostasis. Manipulating B cells using numerous drugs in vivo affect their regulatory functions, although a direct link has not yet been demonstrated. Glatiramer acetate (GA) is a synthetic polypeptide that is used in the treatment of inflammatory and autoimmune diseases. We experimented on an in vitro coculture system to determine its direct effects on the Breg cell properties of human B cells. We found that GA improves the B cell–dependent control of T cells’ immune responses. When B cells are stimulated by GA, the T cell proliferation and their Th1 IFN-γ production are further inhibited, whereas the B cell production of IL-10 is further enhanced. GA binds preferentially to the memory B cells and the activation of sorted B cell subsets shows that GA-dependent increased Breg cell activities are specifically supported by the B cells’ memory compartment. Moreover, we found that the defective regulations that emerge from the B cells of systemic lupus erythematosus patients can be restored by GA stimulation. Overall, these data demonstrate that GA stimulates the Breg functions mainly by shifting the memory B cells known to contribute to the T cell–dependent inflammatory response into Breg cells. Our results also indicate that GA treatment could be a useful therapy for recovering the Breg cells in autoimmune situations in which their activities are defective.
Combined Blockade of TNF-α and IL-17A Alleviates Progression of Collagen-Induced Arthritis without Causing Serious Infections in Mice
Authors: Shen Fang , Verma Akash H. , Volk Amy , Jones Brian , Coleman Bianca M. , Loza Matthew J. , Malaviya Ravi , Moore Beverley , Weinstock Daniel , Elloso M. Merle , Gaffen Sarah L. , Ort Tatiana 
Published: February 2019

Abstract
The cytokines TNF-α and IL-17A are elevated in a variety of autoimmune diseases, including rheumatoid arthritis. Both cytokines are targets of several biologic drugs used in the clinic, but unfortunately many patients are refractory to these therapies. IL-17A and TNF-α are known to mediate signaling synergistically to drive expression of inflammatory genes. Hence, combined blockade of TNF-α and IL-17A represents an attractive treatment strategy in autoimmune settings where monotherapy is not fully effective. However, a major concern with this approach is the potential predisposition to opportunistic infections that might outweigh any clinical benefits. Accordingly, we examined the impact of individual versus combined neutralization of TNF-α and IL-17A in a mouse model of rheumatoid arthritis (collagen-induced arthritis) and the concomitant susceptibility to infections that are likely to manifest as side effects of blocking these cytokines (oral candidiasis or tuberculosis). Our findings indicate that combined neutralization of TNF-α and IL-17A was considerably more effective than monotherapy in improving collagen-induced arthritis disease even when administered at a minimally efficacious dose. Encouragingly, however, dual cytokine blockade did not cooperatively impair antimicrobial host defenses, as mice given combined IL-17A and TNF-α neutralization displayed infectious profiles and humoral responses comparable to mice given high doses of individual anti–TNF-α or anti–IL-17A mAbs. These data support the idea that combined neutralization of TNF-α and IL-17A for refractory autoimmunity is likely to be associated with acceptable and manageable risks of opportunistic infections associated with these cytokines.
Experimental accelerated shelf life determination of a ready-to-eat processed food
Authors: Haouet M. Naceur , Tommasino Mauro , Mercuri Maria Lucia , Benedetti Ferdinando , Di Bella Sara , Framboas Marisa , Pelli Stefania , Altissimi M. Serena 
Published: February 2019

The most direct way to estimate the shelf life of a product is to conduct simulation tests which are time consuming and expensive. Conversely, accelerated shelf life tests can be successfully used for stable products having long expected shelf life. The aim of the study was directed to verify the possibility to apply an accelerated shelf life test to perishable food products having a short-expected shelf life, such as a new ready-to-eat processed food preparation, composed mainly by cereals, tuna and chicken, packed in thermo-sealed trays and pasteurised. Different samples of the product were stored in thermal abuse conditions, collected periodically and subjected to determinations of TVB-N, pH and sensorial characteristics. Q10 and activation energy were calculated allowing to obtain a predictive evaluation of the product shelf life at the 4°C recommended temperature. The product shelf life was assessed at 26 days vs the 30 days expected by the manufacturer, showing the possibility to apply successfully ASLT for products having short shelf life, saving both time and money.
Detection of fish allergen by droplet digital PCR
Authors: Daga Cinzia , Cau Simona , Tilocca Maria Giovanna , Soro Barbara , Marongiu Aldo , Vodret Bruna 
Published: February 2019

Fish is one of fourteen allergens that must be highlighted on the label within the ingredients list. It should be noted that the European regulation, is very restrictive to allergens with zero tolerance. Therefore it is important to establish sensitive and specific methods for detecting fish allergen. Applicability to detect and quantify fish allergen by droplet digital polymerase chain reaction (ddPCR) has been evaluated in this work. Genomic DNA of three fish species belonging to the most common fish families were analyzed. PCR primers were designed to amplify a 166 bp region of the 18S rRNA gene. Comparative studies were performed to establish the optimal primer and probe concentrations. Annealing temperature was determined by using thermal gradient. The results have shown good applicability of the optimized 18S rRNA gene-method to detect and quantify small amounts of the target in all samples analyzed. However, validation studies are needed in order to apply ddPCR technology for routine allergens analysis.
Multi-year effect of wetting on CH4 flux at taiga–tundra boundary in northeastern Siberia deduced from stable isotope ratios of CH4
Authors: Shingubara Ryo , Sugimoto Atsuko , Murase Jun , Iwahana Go , Tei Shunsuke , Liang Maochang , Takano Shinya , Morozumi Tomoki , Maximov Trofim C. 
Published: February 2019

Abstract. The response of CH4 emission from natural wetlands due to
meteorological conditions is important because of its strong greenhouse
effect. To understand the relationship between CH4 flux and
wetting, we observed interannual variations in chamber CH4 flux, as
well as the concentration, δ13C, and δD of
dissolved CH4 during the summer from 2009 to 2013 at the
taiga–tundra boundary in the vicinity of Chokurdakh (70∘37′ N,
147∘55′ E), located on the lowlands of the Indigirka River in
northeastern Siberia. We also conducted soil incubation experiments to
interpret δ13C and δD of dissolved CH4
and to investigate variations in CH4 production and oxidation
processes. Methane flux showed large interannual variations in wet areas of
sphagnum mosses and sedges
(36–140 mg CH4 m−2 day−1 emitted). Increased
CH4 emission was recorded in the summer of 2011 when a wetting
event with extreme precipitation occurred. Although water level decreased
from 2011 to 2013, CH4 emission remained relatively high in 2012,
and increased further in 2013. Thaw depth became deeper from 2011 to 2013,
which may partly explain the increase in CH4 emission. Moreover,
dissolved CH4 concentration rose sharply by 1 order of magnitude
from 2011 to 2012, and increased further from 2012 to 2013. Large variations
in δ13C and δD of dissolved CH4 were
observed in 2011, and smaller variations were seen in 2012 and 2013,
suggesting both enhancement of CH4 production and less significance
of CH4 oxidation relative to the larger pool of dissolved
CH4. These multi-year effects of wetting on CH4 dynamics
may have been caused by continued soil reduction across multiple years
following the wetting. Delayed activation of acetoclastic methanogenesis
following soil reduction could also have contributed to the enhancement of
CH4 production. These processes suggest that duration of water
saturation in the active layer can be important for predicting CH4
emission following a wetting event in the permafrost ecosystem.
Morphosyntactic encoding of information structure in Akan
Authors: Titov Elena 
Published: February 2019

This paper investigates the interpretive and formal properties of the so-called focus construction in Akan. It argues that Akan has only one true morphological focus marker, namely na, whereas the marker de(ε) that has been analysed in the linguistic literature on Akan as a focus marker (Boadi 1974; Saah 1988; Boadi 1990; Saah 1994; Marfo and Bodomo 2005) is in fact a marker of contrastive topic. The proposed analysis relies on the idea that the Akan morphological markers na and de(ε) carry out exactly the same interpretive function as the falling and rising prosodic markers, respectively, found in intonation languages. It is shown that a number of controversies associated with Akan information-structural marking can be accounted for by assuming a certain parallelism with intonation languages. It is demonstrated that particular types of information-structural partitioning are cross-linguistically encoded via a marked strategy, with the parametric variation resulting from the difference in the choice of the linguistic tool – syntactic, morphological or prosodic – used to create a marked representation.
La Acción de Amparo en Honduras, Visión hacía una Protección Judicial Efectiva
Authors: Cantor Rosales Mauricio José 
Published: February 2019

El presente artículo principia realizando un análisis, descripción y explicación de la evolución normativa de uno de nuestros mecanismos de protección judicial, a saber, la acción de amparo, ello con el objetivo de identificar los obstáculos jurídicos que se han presentado a lo largo del desarrollo histórico de nuestro mecanismo de protección constitucional, para así precisar los motivos por los cuales la justicia constitucional se ha visto limitada en la transición de las diversas leyes que han regulado el juicio de Amparo.Asimismo, se describen los estándares internacionales fijados por la Corte Interamericana de Derechos Humanos en materia de protección judicial, ello con el propósito de individualizar problemas jurídico – normativos presentes en la legislación vigente de amparo que condicionan la dignidad humana a la luz del principio pro homine de protección a los derechos humanos, todo lo anterior para brindar una perspectiva real de la necesidad de modernizar nuestra normativa reguladora de esta garantía constitucional y ofrecer una tutela judicial efectiva para la defensa de los derechos humanos y derechos fundamentales de los ciudadanos.
Fatores críticos de sucesso na gestão de projetos: Análise dos indicadores que constituem os predecessores da estratégia, pessoas e operações
Authors: Oliveira Ronielton Rezende , Cruz José Elenilson , Oliveira Roniton Rezende 
Published: February 2019

Fatores Críticos de Sucesso (FCS) representam práticas que, quando bem executadas, contribuem para aumentar as probabilidades de êxito de qualquer atividade. Na gestão de projetos podem ser utilizados para acompanhamento dos projetos, tomada de decisão e avaliação de desempenho. O estudo de abordagem quantitativa e natureza descritiva, através de survey aplicada em 115 profissionais envolvidos na gestão de projetos, identifica, dentre os indicadores utilizados para mensurar os construtos estratégia, pessoas e operações, aqueles FCS que são mais importantes para explicar o desempenho do Project Management Office, para, então, com base na relação importância-desempenho discutir os fatores que correspondem a FCS no que se refere a gestão de projetos. A pesquisa utilizou a Partial Least Squares Structural Equation Modeling e o Importance-Performance Map Analysis. Os resultados mostram que a estratégia é o preditor mais importante e seus principais FCS são a metodologia de gerenciamento de projetos, a estrutura organizacional, o alinhamento de intenções e a viabilidade econômico-financeira. Nas operações, os principais FCS são a estabilidade do ambiente de projetos sobre o gerenciamento de riscos, o sistema de gestão da qualidade, as métricas de desempenho, as auditorias e verificações das entregas e a comunicação com as partes interessadas. Para as pessoas, os principais FCS são a aquisição de competências em gestão de projetos e o treinamento dos recursos humanos, ambos na perspectiva de disseminação do conhecimento vinculado as boas práticas, metodologias, ferramentas e técnicas que favorecem a execução dos projetos.
SYNERGISTIC EFFECT OF BINARY QUERCETIN–MONOSACCHARIDE MIXTURES IN THE RE-ACTION WITH FREE RADICALS
Authors: Belaya Natal'ya I. , Belyi Aleksandr V. , Tikhonova Galina A. , Udalov Yaroslav S. , Andriyenko Galina O. 
Published: February 2019

The presence of a synergistic effect of binary mixtures of quercetin–monosaccharide in the model reaction with the 2,2'-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl radical in deoxygenated ethanol was established. It was shown that the studied carbohydrates related to the tetrose, pentose and hexose groups exhibit a synergistic effect to some extent enhancing the anti-radical effect of quercetin. The synergistic effect of the mixture is determined by the number of hydroxyl substituents and by the presence of aldehyde or ketone groups in carbohydrate molecules. The synergistic compositions of quercetin with glucose and galactose in the ratio of 60:40% showed the highest antiradical activity. The maximum synergistic effect of the mixture is 75%. It is achieved due to the fact that, firstly, when dissolved in water, quercetin transforms into a tautomeric diketo form where hydrogen bonds form between its carbonyl groups and hydroxy groups of the monosaccharide, promoting the formation of molecular complexes, improving solubility of flavonoid in water and the manifestation of a synergistic effect in a mixture with carbohydrate. Secondly, reducing carbohydrates are able to restore oxidized forms of quercetin, which is confirmed by the great synergistic effect of aldose in comparison with ketoses, regardless of the number of hydroxy groups in the molecule. The synergistic effect of the quercetin–monosaccharide compositions, established in a model reaction with a hydrazyl radical, was compared to that in the autoxidation process of cottonseed oil. In the reaction with the peroxy radicals of cottonseed oil, the synergistic effect of the quercetin monosaccharide compositions increases up to 300% only for sugars capable of reducing quercetin radicals and reacting with air oxygen, reducing the steady-state concentration of peroxy radicals in the system.