bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Hydraulic Fracture Modeling and Design - A Perspective on How things have Changed from Conventional to Unconventional Reservoirs
Authors: Wong Sau-Wai 
Published: April 2019

AbstractIn hydraulic fracture stimulation of conventional reservoirs (e.g. tight gas and deepwater unconsolidated sands), the use of sophisticated design models is almost indispensable. Typically, each hydraulic fracture is sequentially pumped and executed from near vertical wellbores. It is well understood that the optimum post-fracture well productivity is directly linked to hydraulic fracture dimensionless conductivity, which is governed largely by propped fracture length and width. From an engineering and operation execution point-of-view, the goal is to pump into the fracture and pack it with the desired volume of proppant without encountering premature ‘screen-out’. Therefore, the prediction of fracture geometry, the selection of ‘pad’ volume and proppant pumping schedule become critical for propped fracture design. In practice, a wide range of models have been deployed successfully. However, such considerations do not appear to be important for unconventional resources where multiple fractures are pumped from a long horizontal well. In fact, multi-frac horizontal well technology has advanced through field trials and experimentation, often without much help from modeling or understanding of multiple-fracture mechanics. This begs the questions of what areas of research and model design parameters should we focus on? Can we avoid the details while dealing with the big picture such as fracture spacing, horizontal well length/direction, the well's landing depth, and their impact on cost and production?This extended abstract revisits the motivation and well-accepted design approach for hydraulic fracturing in conventional reservoirs and some of the challenges facing hydraulic fracturing design in unconventional reservoirs. Practical first-pass design considerations based on geomechanics for fracture spacing and horizontal well landing depth selection are outlined.
Field Testing of High-Strength Rotary Shouldered Connections in Difficult Drilling Conditions
Authors: Li K. K. , Du M. H. , Song F. , Smith D. L. , Blackman W. 
Published: April 2019

Abstract
Rotary shouldered connections on a bottom hole assembly (BHA) are most susceptible to twist-offs during high-fatigue drilling, which lead to expensive fishing jobs and loss of productive time. The increasing use of rotary steerable systems and the difficult drilling conditions in land operations demand threaded connections that are substantially stronger than the existing API ones. This paper is meant to present the field test results of two newly developed connection designs in harsh drilling environments.
The high-strength connections were developed by devising and optimizing a new thread form and applying an advanced manufacturing process. Experimental results from full-scale fatigue tests indicated ten-fold fatigue life extensions over their existing counterparts at a given dogleg severity (DLS) level. The aspects that could not be covered in laboratory conditions were evaluated in field environments. These include on-rig makeup and breakout, downhole drilling conditions, field inspections, and recuts. The field testing program underwent using one new connection on a BHA, replacing all existing connections with the new ones, and eventually having a fleet of BHA components with the new connections.
All field trials on the two new connections, one being a shop joint and the other a field joint, were conducted in client wells with over 100 runs on North American land. More than 717,000 drilling feet and 9,500 drilling hours have been accumulated. The connections were used per the existing common field practices to drill both curved and lateral sections. The maximum DLS achieved was 17°/100 ft. The longest lateral section drilled in one run was more than 19,500 ft. The large curvature in the curved section, along with the long lateral section where noticeable local DLS was frequently encountered in interbedded formation, posed a substantial risk of fatigue failures to the connections. Nevertheless, no twist-off was reported with in-specification conditions. Root causes for failures induced by out-of-specification circumstances could be well explained. The respective recut rates of the new connection designs were found to be lower than those of the existing ones.
A comprehensive field test program on two newly developed high-strength BHA connections will be presented. The measured key performance metrics, which could not be covered in laboratory experiments and were particularly evaluated in client wells, will be discussed. Investigation results of failures caused by out-of-specification conditions will be shared. The field trial results indicated that the two new connection designs provide a reliable solution to twist-offs of existing API connections induced by harsh fatigue environments.
Artificial Lift Selection Using Machine Learning
Authors: Ounsakul Thanawit , Sirirattanachatchawan Thum , Pattarachupong Wiwat , Yokrat Yaovanart , Ekkawong Peerapong 
Published: April 2019

Abstract
The artificial lift selection process performed by human involves iterating of several design parameters. Moreover, the human's curated selection required the decision making with unbiased, repeatable and reliable. Capturing the lesson learned from the previous mistake into the new design and lack of look back in the past performances are the limits of human. The supervised machine learning method can apply to improve selection process. This approach can minimize the life-cycle cost of artificial lift wells by using machine learning which incorporate the past performances and lesson learnt from installations. The data is prepared into a structured dataset. The dataset is pre-processed to determine the "Good" and "Bad" wells based on their life-cycle cost, then used for training and validating the classification models. The most simple and accurate model is adopted for future artificial lift selection and current wells’ performance assessment. Finally, the performance of new wells is continuously added for further model's training.
The artificial lift suggested by the machine learning expects reducing life-cycle cost in the ongoing trial in the fields. In term of assessing tool, the selection model reveals some discrepancy in the current installed artificial lift. This alerts the operator to look inside the potential problems. However, the subject matter experts still need to give an adequate interaction in case of false alarm. Therefore, the discovered pattern for good artificial lift selection will help improve the fields’ production. In addition, the endless learning capability of machine learning allows the new data feeds into the existing dataset and further incorporates the model in order to response to the dynamic change of the fields’ conditions. In conclusion, machine learning process is more comprehensive comparing to the selection made by conventional process where only few tables used for the artificial lift selection and overlook the value of data captured.
The Artificial Intelligence is one of the emerging technologies which provides the breakthrough results. This paper presents the artificial intelligence trend in oil and gas industry. It is a promising tool which help solving human's complex problems. Ultimately, adding the durable competitive advantage to the oil and gas industry.
3D Geomechanical Evaluation of Jetting Operations for Producing the Hydrate Chimneys in Sea of Japan
Authors: Zhang Pengwei , Qiu Kaibin , Terao Yoshihiro , Koji Kashihara 
Published: April 2019

The commom occurrence of massive methane hydrate in numerous gas chimney structures, located in Joetsu basin, Sea of Japan, stimulates great interest from by academia, industry and national institutes in developing technologies to produce the potential energy resource. Unlike other deep methane hydrate deposited in formations a few hundred meters below seafloor, the hydrate chimney structures are located at the seafloor or up to 100 m below the seafloor; therefore, previously field-tested production methods such as depressurization are not applicable. The newer production method of jetting from the openhole section of a wellbore to excavate the hydrate bearing formation was proposed as a possible production method. However, jetting will create large empty chambers below the seafloor and could possibly jeopardize the stability and safety of well-heads and the production facility on the seafloor.
This paper presents a 3D geomechanical simulation study to evaluate the feasibility of the jetting method to produce methane from the hydrate chimneys in the Sea of Japan. In this study, to honor lateral and vertical variation of hydrate saturation as well as mechanical properties, different 3D geomechanical models were constructed to represent three shallow methane hydrate inhabitation types (chunk, laminated, and dispersed) by using data from various sources. Dynamic numerical simulation by using a 3D finite element simulator was conducted to simulate the jetting process to excavate 16-m diameter chamber from bottom of the borehole (about 100 m below seafloor) progressively up to the bottom of the conductor of the wellbore, about 10-m below the seafloor.
The numerical simulation shows that jetting is likely to be feasible as all simulation cases resulted in tolerable vertical displacement and equivalent plastic strain under ideal conditions, e.g., lateral homogeneous formation, constant chamber pressure (equal to formation pore pressure) and blowout preventer (BOP) weight of 20 t. In these cases, the plastic zone only extends to limited area from the sidewall. Additional complexities were considered in the numerical simulation to evaluate the operational risks during actual jetting operations, such as faulting, fluctuation of chamber pressure, and change of BOP weights.
This numerical simulation evaluated potential risks related to jetting operations of hydrate chimneys in the Sea of Japan and provided critical information for the engineering design of the proposed field test of jetting operations to produce this valuable resource in the Sea of Japan.
Application of Dilation-Recompaction Model in Fracturing Optimisation in Tight Oil Reservoir
Authors: Gao Rui , Wang Xin , Yang Zhen , Zhan Qiang En , Zheng Wei , Liu Ying , Yang Li Feng , Liu Zhe , Wang Zhen 
Published: April 2019

Abstract
Tight oil and gas reservoirs are characterized by strong heterogeneity, poor physical properties, low single well production, difficult development and others. The volumetric stimulation fracturing technology has become a key technology for the effective utilization of tight reservoirs. In the current fracturing optimization design, there are some limitations in simulating the true pattern of fracture propagations because the geological model is relatively simple and it is not necessary to consider the heterogeneity of reservoir plane. At the same time, the effect of large-scale and large-volume injection of fracturing fluid on formation permeability field cannot be neglected in the volume stimulation, and the coupling relationship between fracturing fluid loss and reservoir seepage is not considered in conventional productivity simulations so that the effective stimulated reservoir volume (SRV) cannot be calculated accurately. In this paper, a numerical simulation technology of fracturing based on rock deformation is introduced through theoretical analysis and field application. The effective SRV is analyzed quantitatively, and the optimization simulation method of volume stimulation parameters with the effective SRV as the evaluation objective is formed preliminarily, which guides the fracturing design of volume stimulation in tight oil blocks.
Gas Physical Properties and their Implication on Gas Saturation and Leakage in Deep Reservoirs - A Case Study of Cambrian Gas Field, Sichuan Basin, China
Authors: Tian Hua , Zou Caineng , Liu Shaobo , Zhang Shuichang , Lu Xuesong , Ma Xingzhi , Bi Lina , Yuan Miao 
Published: April 2019

Abstract
A series of petrohysical experiments have been conducted to obtain the gas physical properties (e.g., gas-water interfacial tension). The capillary pressures of pore throats were obtained through numerical calculation. Furthermore, residue water was used to calculate gas/water saturation in the reservoirs. The gas saturation variation under lower interfacial tension and the amount of gas lost during the uplift in burial history need an in-depth examination (Tian et al., 2017). In addition to the geological studies in the field, various laboratory methods were used to tackle the problems mentioned above, including Nlear nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) and fluid inclusion analysis with optical and Laser Raman spectroscopy. During the charging history, hydrcarbon saturations at different temperature and pressure was calculated using the model established in this paper, which is mainly determined by the pore size distribution obtained by the NMR analysis. The charging pressure is measured by fluid inclusion study with optical and Laser Raman spectroscopy test. Furthermore, the leakage content of gas during the burial history was calculated using a diffusion model (Krooss& Leythaeuser., 1988; Krooss et al., 1992).
Reducing Hydroxypropyl Guar Gum Adsorption on Rock by Silica Nanoparticles for Tight Reservoir Damage Remediation
Authors: Li Yang , Guo Jianchun , Wang Shibin , Yang Ruoyu , Lu Qianli 
Published: April 2019

Abstract
This study is to demonstrate the application potential of silica nanoparticles (SNP) in adsorption-entanglement of the fracturing fluid and the adsorption-blocking in the tight reservoir caused by hydroxypropyl guar gum (HPG).
An amount of fracturing fluid is required in tight reservoir stimulation. It results in so much HPG to be injected into the tight reservoir. The HPG will be adsorbed in the sandstone and decrease the permeability of the reservoir. For improving the production the tight gas well after being stimulated, SNP were added to the HPG fracturing fluid to reduce the adsorption capacity of HPG molecules on rock surface, increase the flow space of core and reduce the damage of HPG fracturing fluid to reservoir.
The results indicate that the SNP can decrease the adsorption capacity in sandstone porous media by breaking the hydrogen bonding and recover the permeability effectively In conclusion, it is believed that the SNP competitive adsorption seems to be a new approach for remediation of the permeability damage by HPG fracturing fluid and has great potential in oilfield application. The understandings of this paper was meaningful to grasp and utilize the behaviors of tight reservoir adsorption properties, particular in the optimizing of HPG fracturing fluid and improving construction parameters during hydraulic fracturing of tight gas wells.
Communication Interface Adapter Berbasis Mikrokontroler Arduino Terkendali Sinyal Dual Tone Multi Frequency
Authors: Setyawibawa Ika , Goeritno Arief 
Published: April 2019

Telah dipabrikasi sebuah communication interface adapter berbasis mikrokontroler Arduino UNO R3 dan MEGA2560 R3 terkendali sinyal dual tone multi frequency dalam wujud dua modul elektronika sebagai gateway. Pabrikasi dilakukan melalui tahapan integrasi terhadap perangkat keras dan subsistem pendukung, pemrograman, dan uji verifikasi berupa simulasi. Arduino UNO R3 digunakan pada modul gateway ke-1, sedangkan Arduino MEGA2560 R3 digunakan pada modul gateway ke-2. Pemrograman terhadap sistem mikrokontroler dilakukan melalui 5 (lima) tahapan algoritma, yaitu konfigurasi pin, deklarasi variable dan konstanta, ambil dan kirim data, dan keluaran. Bahasa pemrograman didasarkan kepada Arduino Integrated Developtment Enviroenment (IDE). Uji verifikasi dilakukan dalam bentuk simulasi. Diperoleh hasil simulasi terhadap 6 (enam) kondisi, yaitu a) simulasi terhadap rangkaian deteksi dering, b) simulasi terhadap rangkaian Voice Operated Transmit (VOX), c) simulasi rangkaian off hook modul pesawat telepon, d) simulasi imulasi terhadap rangkaian tone decoder, e) simulasi dial up nomor telepon melalui tombol DTMF dan rangkaian IC switching, dan f) simulasi terhadap rangkaian perekam dan penyimpan suara, berupa (i) perekaman suara dan (ii) pemutaran kembali suara.
Editorial
Authors: Pacífico Juracy Machado , Francisco Junior Wilmo Ernesto , Pimenta Jussara Santos , Bueno José Lucas Pedreira , Barros Josemir Almeida 
Published: March 2019

Este Editorial apresenta o número 13, Volume 6 (2019), da Revista EDUCA - Revista Multidisciplinar em Educação. O número compõe-se de artigos de pesquisadores e pesquisadoras brasileiros e estrangeiros. A Revista EDUCA é um periódico científico vinculado ao Grupo de Pesquisa Multidisciplinar em Educação e Infância – Grupo EDUCA, que apoia o Programa de Pós-Graduação em Educação Escolar, Mestrado e Doutorado Profissional, da Universidade Federal de Rondônia (UNIR).
Dayakese Students’ Beliefs About Arabic Language Learning and Their Relation with The Language Learning Strategies
Authors: Wahdah Nurul 
Published: March 2019

Language learners often bring their personal philosophy into foreign language learning. Beliefs about language learning might support to selecting the ways of learning in foreign language. This study aims at finding out the correlation between Dayakese students’ beliefs about language learning and their learning strategies in Arabic as a foreign language at Central Borneo, Indonesia. Sixty-one students were asked to participate in this study. The instruments used were Beliefs about Language Learning (BALLI) proposed by Horwitz (1988) and Strategy Inventory for Language Learning (SILL) proposed by Oxford (1990). In analyzing data, arithmetic mean, standard deviation and correlation coefficient of Pearson product moment were used. The findings can be explained as follows. 1) The aptitude, learning difficulty, and communication and learning strategies dimensions were at medium level, while nature of language learning and motivation & expectation dimensions were at high level. Generally, Dayakese students’ beliefs about Arabic language learning were at medium level; 2) The popular strategies used by Dayakese students were metacognitive and affective strategies; 3) The significant correlations were found between Dayakese students’ beliefs about language learning and their Learning Strategies in Arabic as a foreign language with coefficient correlation 0.431.
Desafíos epistémicos en Nuestra América actual: organización, saberes y militancia
Authors: González Fuentes Lorena 
Published: April 2019

Desafíos epistémicos en Nuestra América actual: organización, saberes y militancia.Epistemic challenges in our current America: organization, knowledge and militancy.Desafios epistêmicos em Nossa América atual: organização, saberes e militância. ResumenEl texto que se presenta a continuación busca evidenciar, desde el análisis del contexto nuestroamericano actual y el surgimiento de los Nuevos Movimientos Sociales, cómo se ha forjado una nueva forma política de construcción, que ha posicionado la producción de saberes como un elemento prioritario, conllevando el surgimiento de una nueva generación de militantes investigadores o intelectuales quienes, a partir de la praxis transformadora y de la mano de la Educación Popular, crean saberes y sentidos desde y para el fortalecimiento de la gesta liberacionista.AbstractFrom the analysis of the current American context and the emergence of New Social Movements, this text is aimed at showing how a new political form of construction has been forged positioning the production of knowledge as a priority element, entailing the emergence of a new generation of investigative or intellectual militants who, from the transformative praxis and the hand of Popular Education, create knowledge and meanings from and for the trengthening of the liberationist achievement.ResumoO texto que se apresenta a continuação busca evidenciar, desde a análise do contexto nosso-americano atual e o surgimento dos Novos Movimentos Sociais, como se tem criado uma nova forma política de construção que tem posicionado a produção de saberes como um elemento prioritário, implicando o surgimento de uma nova geração de militantes pesquisadores ou intelectuais que, a partir da práxis transformadora e da mão da Educação Popular, criam saberes e sentidos desde e para o fortalecimento da gesta liberacionista.
Kontruksi Pemikiran Keagamaan tentang Nilai-Nilai Nasionalisme Pada Penceramah di Masjid Agung Surakarta dan Sukoharjo
Authors: Hasan Moh Abdul Kholiq , Adnani Kamila , Mahbub Moh. 
Published: April 2019

This is a field research using a qualitative descriptive approach. This research aims at understanding the construction of religious thought about the values of nationalism and nationalism insights by preachers at the Great Mosque of Surakarta and Sukoharjo. The results of the study indicate that the constructs of religious thought by the preachers can be divided into two types. First, fundamentalist preachers; Nationalist thought which always makes religious texts the only foothold, too idealized and normative footing, like HTI and Salafi preachers. Second, moderate preachers; Nationalist thought which do not make religious texts the only basis but also saw reality and maqashid sharia, flexible and realistic, like Tarbiyah-PKS and NU preachers. Nationalism insights cover five main points of nationalism values, namely the Pancasila, the love of the homeland and the Republic of Indonesia, tolerance and diversity, democracy and deliberation, respect for the red and white flag and the national anthem. In general the preachers accept and support those. Only HTI and Salafi do not accept democracy which is, on their mind, contrary to Islam. HTI accepts the concept of the NKRI but under the auspices of the Caliphate.
PROBLEMS IN LEARNING READING (Case Study: Islamic Banking Students of IAIN Bukittinggi)
Authors: Syafitri Widya 
Published: March 2019

Teaching or learning Reading in ESP context is not an easy task. It was proved, especially for the fourth semester students of Islamic banking in IAIN Bukittinggi that many problems found. The research was a descriptive qualitative. It was aimed to analyze problem in reading. The data was gotten through interview to the lecturer and questionnaire distributed to the student. The result of the research showed that reading problems in ESP context based on indicator were: The first, a few students had problems related to indicator Negative Expectations like problems in recalling information after reading. The second, some the students had problems with processing information. The third, a half students had problem about topic and genre, limited vocabulary knowledge, lack of familiarity with the subject matter, difficulty level of the text (readability), weak verbal reasoning. The last, most of the students got difficulty at lack of fluency point, use of language level, inadequate use of effective reading strategies.
Keywords: Reading problems, Islamic banking students, ESP
MENINGKATKAN HASIL BELAJAR SISWA DENGAN MENGGUNAKAN MODEL MAKE A MATCH PADA MATA PELAJARAN IPS KELAS IV DI SDN 11 OKU
Authors: Yunarti Yel Mi 
Published: March 2019

The problem of this study is the low student learning outcome and not yet applied learning model make a match in the subject of IPS. This research is a classroom action research.The technique of data collection is by observation and test. To analyze the data of student learning outcome used t test technique, t obtained is 2,776 while at t level 5 % =2,05, so t obtained >t table or mathematically 2,05 is<2,06 it can be concluded that t obtained > than t table. That is, Ho rejected an ha accepted because t count>t table. Thus, the hypothesis put forward that therte is a siginificant increase in learning outcomes between after and before taught by using the model make a match acceptable the right.
Keywords: outcome,make a match, IPS