bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The Framing of Sustainable Consumption and Production in SDG 12
Authors: Gasper Des , Shah Amod , Tankha Sunil 
Published: January 2019

AbstractThis paper examines the processes of formulation of UN Sustainable Development Goal 12 (SDG 12) – ‘Ensure Sustainable Consumption and Production Patterns’ – and its targets and indicators. We argue that business interests have steered its narrative of sustainable growth. The outcome of the SDG 12 negotiations reflects a production‐ and design‐centered perspective that emerged in the 1990s and has a business‐friendly regulatory approach and faith in solutions through new technologies. We show how the targets and indicators emerged in debates between national governments, UN agencies, civil society and private sector organizations – and how they reflect both the political process and technical and practical considerations in translation of a broad concept into the SDG format. While the emergence of SDG 12 as a standalone goal stems from a push by developing countries to build pressure on developed countries, and its presence may open space for attention to this area in the future, many of its targets were watered down and left vague. The indicators to measure progress on the targets further narrow the scope and ambition of Goal 12, whose current content does not adequately reflect earlier more transformative conceptualizations of Sustainable Consumption and Production.
Gender Equality and Women's Empowerment: Feminist Mobilization for the SDGs
Authors: Sen Gita 
Published: January 2019

AbstractThis paper analyses the role of feminist mobilizing in formulating the gender equality agenda of the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs): the goal (5) to ‘achieve gender equality and empower all women and girls’ and gender‐related targets across other SDGs. It explores how three key drivers shaped its contours and the effectiveness: (1) context of socioeconomic and political environment; (2) institutions; and (3) the processes of movement building. While feminist mobilizing led to significant advances in the SDGs relative to the Millennium Development Goals (MDGs), important unresolved barriers of financing and political opposition to women's human rights and gender equality remain and will require continued feminist mobilizing. This paper argues for the need to locate feminist mobilizing for the SDGs in the context of the history and persistence of gender inequality and violations of girls’ and women's human rights, and the struggle against these violations. This history is located within economic, social and political environments that are sometimes more open to progressive social change but often, as in the current global conjuncture, may not be.
Measuring Access to Justice: Transformation and Technicality in SDG 16.3
Authors: Satterthwaite Margaret L. , Dhital Sukti 
Published: January 2019

AbstractBillions of people around the world live at the margins – pushed or kept out, often in silence, without adequate protection of the law. Denied healthcare, citizenship or fair pay, those unprotected by the law have problems that are both real and relentless, impacting their ability to reap the benefits of sustainable development. Despite this crushing reality, access to justice is a bedrock principle undergirding human rights. Despite its centrality, justice was not explicitly included in the Millennium Development Goals (MDGs). This omission was corrected when the SDGs were adopted with a stand‐alone goal on justice. While Sustainable Development Goal (SDG) 16 was the result of years of political, strategic and scholarly work by human rights advocates, development practitioners and academics, its promise lies beyond the technocratic realms of development programming, by insisting that people's own experience of justice – and injustice – must remain at the center of efforts to assess progress toward a world where no one is ‘left behind’.
Knowledge and Politics in Setting and Measuring the SDGs: Introduction to Special Issue
Authors: Fukuda‐Parr Sakiko , McNeill Desmond 
Published: January 2019

AbstractThe papers in this special issue provide accounts of the politics and knowledge that shaped the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs). The open and transparent processes in the Open Working Group (OWG) and Post‐2015 agenda consultations challenged the MDG paradigm and set more transformative and ambitious goals. But across many goals, there was slippage in ambition when targets and indicators were selected. In some cases, this is due to genuine difficulty in defining a suitable indicator. In other cases, there is clearly a contestation about the agenda, and indicators are used to reorient or pervert the meaning of the goal. The accounts of the negotiations– concerning inequality, sustainable agriculture, access to justice, education, environment – show how the selection of an indicator is purportedly a technical matter but is highly political, though obscured behind the veil of an objective and technical choice. The papers also highlight how the increasing role of big data and other non‐traditional sources of data is altering data production, dissemination and use, and fundamentally altering the epistemology of information and knowledge. This raises questions about ‘data for whom and for what’ – fundamental issues concerning the power of data to shape knowledge, the democratic governance of SDG indicators and of knowledge for development overall.
The SDGs: Changing How Development is Understood
Authors: Caballero Paula 
Published: January 2019

AbstractThe Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) constitute a truly transformative agenda which provides a framework to help us effectively confront the fundamental challenges of development in a way that the Millennium Development Goals (MDGs) did not. This commentary briefly describes the very demanding, at times antagonistic, process that produced the SDGs, including the crucial role of the Open Working Group (OWG). It points out the strengths of the SDGs by comparison with the MDGs, with respect to both process and product. The SDGs, proposed and championed by a country from the Global South, for the first time defined development as a universal agenda, and upended the traditional division of countries into those who need to act and those called primarily to provide development assistance. Many countries across the development spectrum rejected this proposal, which was finally agreed thanks to persistence, lengthy negotiations and consensus building. In the end, the adoption of the SDGs also broke down the divide between environment and development, offering an integrated and inclusive framework for structuring solutions. Yet an agenda of such deep transformative potential faces implementation challenges, and this commentary emphasizes the need for the sort of analysis contained in the papers in this Special Issue in order to ensure that the SDGs are strengthened and continue to evolve.
Parental alcohol use disorder with and without other mental disorders and offspring alcohol use disorder
Authors: Holst C. , Tolstrup J. S. , Sørensen H. J. , Pisinger V. S. C. , Becker U. 
Published: January 2019

ObjectiveTo examine the association between parental alcohol use disorder (AUD) with and without other mental disorders and offspring AUD.MethodsUsing data from Danish nationwide registers, we identified 15 477 offspring with parental AUD and 154 392 reference individuals from the general population. Parental AUD was defined as registration for AUD treatment. Parental mental disorders were identified in medical registers and comprised psychotic, mood, anxiety, personality, drug use, and other non‐alcohol‐related mental disorders. AUD in offspring was identified from medical, pharmacy, treatment and cause of death registers. Hazard ratios (HRs) of AUD were estimated using Cox regression models.ResultsAUD in one or both parents was associated with higher risks of AUD in offspring compared with reference individuals. Paternal AUD plus other mental disorder (HR = 2.27, 95% confidence interval (CI): 2.10–2.46) and paternal AUD alone (HR = 2.21, 95% CI: 2.07–2.36) were associated with higher offspring AUD risk. Similarly, maternal AUD plus other mental disorder (HR = 3.02, 95% CI: 2.66–3.43) and maternal AUD alone (HR = 2.57, 95% CI: 2.20–3.01) were associated with higher offspring AUD risk.ConclusionsOffspring with parental AUD are at increased risk of AUD irrespective of exposure to other parental mental disorders.
Postoperative microcirculatory perfusion and endothelial glycocalyx shedding following cardiac surgery with cardiopulmonary bypass
Authors: Dekker N. A. M. , Veerhoek D. , Koning N. J. , van Leeuwen A. L. I. , Elbers P. W. G. , van den Brom C. E. , Vonk A. B. A. , Boer C. 
Published: January 2019

SummaryWe investigated microcirculatory perfusion disturbances following cardiopulmonary bypass in the early postoperative period and whether the course of these disturbances mirrored restoration of endothelial glycocalyx integrity. We performed sublingual sidestream dark field imaging of the microcirculation during the first three postoperative days in patients who had undergone on‐pump coronary artery bypass graft surgery. We calculated the perfused vessel density, proportion of perfused vessels and perfused boundary region. Plasma was obtained to measure heparan sulphate and syndecan‐1 levels as glycocalyx shedding markers. We recruited 17 patients; the mean (SD) duration of non‐pulsatile cardiopulmonary bypass was 103 (18) min, following which 491 (29) ml autologous blood was transfused through cell salvage. Cardiopulmonary bypass immediately decreased both microcirculatory perfused vessel density; 11 (3) vs. 16 (4) mm.mm−2, p = 0.052 and the proportion of perfused vessels; 92 (5) vs. 69 (9) %, p < 0.0001. The proportion of perfused vessels did not increase after transfusion of autologous salvaged blood following cardiopulmonary bypass; 72 (7) %, p = 0.19 or during the first three postoperative days; 71 (5) %, p < 0.0001. The perfused boundary region increased after cardiopulmonary bypass; 2.2 (0.3) vs. 1.9 (0.3) μm, p = 0.037 and during the first three postoperative days; 2.4 (0.3) vs. 1.9 (0.3) μm, p = 0.003. Increased plasma heparan sulphate levels were inversely associated with the proportion of perfused vessels during cardiopulmonary bypass; R = −0.49, p = 0.02. Plasma syndecan‐1 levels were inversely associated with the proportion of perfused vessels during the entire study period; R = −0.51, p < 0.0001. Our study shows that cardiopulmonary bypass‐induced acute microcirculatory perfusion disturbances persist in the first three postoperative days, and are associated with prolonged endothelial glycocalyx shedding. This suggests prolonged impairment and delayed recovery of both microcirculatory perfusion and function after on‐pump cardiac surgery.
Safety, complications and clinical outcome after ultrasound‐guided paravertebral catheter insertion for rib fracture analgesia: a single‐centre retrospective observational study
Authors: Womack J. , Pearson J. D. , Walker I. A. , Stephens N. M. , Goodman B. A. 
Published: January 2019

SummaryRib fractures are associated with significant morbidity and mortality. Ultrasound‐guided thoracic paravertebral catheter insertion has been described for the management of pain secondary to rib fractures. We conducted a retrospective observational study of all patients with rib fractures who had a paravertebral catheter inserted for analgesia provision over a 4‐year period. Data from the Trauma Audit and Research Network were used to compare patients with rib fractures who were managed with paravertebral catheters to those managed with systemic analgesia. A total of 314 consecutive paravertebral catheters were inserted in 290 patients. Five (1.9%) catheters were removed due to ineffective analgesia. Other minor complications occurred in three cases (0.96%). The proportion of rib fracture patients managed with paravertebral catheters increased from 31/200 (15.5%) in the first year of study to 81/168 (48.2%) in the fourth; over this time‐period the observed:predicted mortality ratio fell from 1.04 to 0.66. Proportional hazard regression with and without propensity score matching demonstrated a reduction in mortality associated with paravertebral catheter use, but this became statistically non‐significant when time‐dependent analysis was used. Paravertebral catheters are a safe and effective technique for rib fracture analgesia; however, our data were insufficient to demonstrate any improvement in mortality.
Management and treatment of cervical intraepithelial neoplasia in the Netherlands after referral for colposcopy
Authors: Aitken Clare A. , Siebers Albert G. , Matthijsse Suzette M. , Jansen Erik E. L. , Bekkers Ruud L. M. , Becker Jeroen H. , ter Harmsel Bram , Roovers Jan‐Paul W. R. , van Kemenade Folkert J. , de Kok Inge M. C. M. 
Published: January 2019

AbstractIntroductionThe aim of this study was to describe trends in the diagnosis and treatment of women referred from the national screening program with cervical intraepithelial neoplasia (CIN) in the Netherlands, and to compare these trends with national guidelines and identify potential areas for improvement for the new primary high‐risk HPV screening program.Material and methodsWe conducted a population‐based cohort study using data from the Dutch pathology archive. Women aged 29‐63 years who took part in the Dutch cervical screening program between 1 January 2005 and 31 December 2014 were selected. Three referral groups were identified: direct referrals and those referred after either one (first indirect referrals) or two (second indirect referrals) repeat cytology tests, totaling 85 239 referrals for colposcopy. The most invasive management technique and the most severe diagnosis of each screening episode was identified. Rates of management techniques were calculated separately by referral type, highest CIN diagnosis and age group.ResultsIn all, 85.1% of CIN 3 lesions were treated with excision (either large excision or hysterectomy) and 26.4% of CIN 1 lesions were treated with large excision. Rates of overtreatment (CIN 1 or less) in see‐and‐treat management were higher for indirect referrals than for direct referrals and increased with age. Large excision rates increased with CIN diagnosis severity.ConclusionsDespite guideline recommendations not to treat, CIN 1 lesions were treated in just over 25% of cases and approximately 15% of CIN 3 lesions were possibly undertreated. Given the expected increase in CIN detection in the new primary high‐risk HPV screening program, reduction in CIN 1 treatment and CIN 2 treatment in younger women is needed to avoid an increase in potential harm.
Debate: Bipolar disorder: extremely rare before puberty and antipsychotics cause serious harms – a commentary on Van Meter et al. (2019)
Authors: Parry Peter , Allison Stephen , Bastiampillai Tarun 
Published: January 2019

‘Paediatric bipolar disorder’ (PBD) remains controversial; because it is based on the hypothesis that bipolar disorder (BD) often begins in childhood with atypical forms of mania. A meta‐analysis of 12 epidemiological surveys found a high prevalence of PBD among children and adolescents worldwide (1.8%), however, our study of the measurement issues (Child and Adolescent Mental Health, 23, 2018, 14) found that PBD rates were lower than claimed. Our findings are consistent with the developmental trajectory of BD, as described by most longitudinal studies of high‐risk offspring. BD is extremely rare in childhood with nearly all index manic/hypomanic episodes being in midadolescence or later. Treatment for BD should not commence until the first well‐defined manic/hypomanic episode, because children and younger adolescents are extremely sensitive to the side effects of second‐generation antipsychotics including weight gain, metabolic syndrome, extrapyramidal side effects and the risk of cerebral atrophy, as observed in studies of juvenile animals.
Debate Editorial: Very early onset bipolar disorder – international differences in prevalence, practice or language?
Authors: Carlson Gabrielle A. , Dubicka Bernadka 
Published: January 2019

Read the core debate at: doi: 10.1111/camh.12231; doi: 10.1111/camh.12243; doi: 10.1111/camh.12296; doi: 10.1111/camh.12306Read more perspectives in this debate at: doi: 10.1111/camh.12318 doi: 10.1111/camh.12317; doi: 10.1111/camh.12316; doi: 10.1111/camh.12313; doi: 10.1111/camh.12310; doi: 10.1111/camh.12314
Wanting To Be Remembered: Intrinsically Rewarding Work and Generativity in Early Midlife
Authors: Chen Jiawen , Krahn Harvey J. , Galambos Nancy L. , Johnson Matthew D. 
Published: January 2019

AbstractPrevious research on generativity, the desire to leave a legacy through establishing and guiding the next generation, has focused primarily on family life and civic engagement as pathways to midlife generativity. This paper proposes that intrinsically rewarding work can also be associated with a heightened sense of generativity in midlife. We test this hypothesis with data (n = 369 employed individuals, approximately 43 years old) from the 2010 wave of the Edmonton Transitions Study. Civic engagement was positively associated with midlife generativity, as predicted, but the hypothesized positive relationship between generativity and perceived parenting success was not found. Taking into account civic engagement and perceived parenting success, and controlling on a range of other variables, intrinsically rewarding work was positively associated with midlife feelings of generativity.
Hypoxic preconditioning improves long‐term functional outcomes after neonatal hypoxia–ischemic injury by restoring white matter integrity and brain development
Authors: Xu Ming‐Yue , Wang Yang‐Fan , Wei Peng‐Ju , Gao Yan‐Qin , Zhang Wen‐Ting 
Published: January 2019

SummaryAimsNeonatal hypoxia–ischemia (H/I) results in gray and white matter injury, characterized by neuronal loss, failure of neural network formation, retarded myelin formation, and abnormal accumulation of oligodendrocyte progenitor cells (OPCs). These changes lead to severe neurological deficits and mortality. Sublethal hypoxic preconditioning (HPC) can protect the developing brain against H/I. However, limited evidence is available concerning its effect on white matter injury.MethodsIn this study, P6 neonatal Sprague‐Dawley rats were subjected to normoxic (21% O2) or HPC (7.8% O2) for 3 hours followed 24 hours later by H/I brain injury. Neurological deficits were assessed by gait, righting reflex, foot fault, and Morris water maze tests. Compound action potential of the corpus callosum was recorded 35 days after surgery, and the correlation between axon myelination and neurological function was determined.ResultsHypoxic preconditioning significantly attenuated H/I brain injury at 7 days and remarkably improved both sensorimotor and cognitive functional performances up to 35 days after H/I. HPC‐afforded improvement in long‐term neurological outcomes was attributable, at least in part, to restoration of the differentiation and maturation capacity in oligodendrocyte progenitor cells, amelioration of microglia/macrophage activation and neuroinflammation, and continuation of brain development after H/I.ConclusionsHypoxic preconditioning restores white matter repair, development, and functional integrity in developing brain after H/I brain injury.
A randomized trial comparing triiodothyronine (T3) with thyroxine (T4) for hemodynamically unstable brain‐dead organ donors
Authors: Dhar Rajat , Stahlschmidt Emily , Yan Yan , Marklin Gary 
Published: January 2019

AbstractRationaleBrain‐dead (BD) organ donors frequently exhibit hemodynamic instability and/or reversible cardiac dysfunction. Retrospective studies have suggested that thyroid hormone may stabilize hemodynamics and enhance myocardial recovery. Intravenous levothyroxine (T4) is most frequently utilized but studies have suggested that triiodothyronine (T3) may be superior. We performed a randomized comparative‐effectiveness trial to address this uncertainty in donor management.MethodsAll heart‐eligible donors managed at a single OPO underwent standardized fluid resuscitation. If not weaned off vasopressors, donors underwent echocardiography (within 12 hours of BD) and were randomized to T3 or T4 infusion for eight hours.ResultsA total of 37 BD donors were randomized (16 T3 vs 21 T4). Baseline ejection fraction (EF) was comparable (median 38% vs 45%, P = 0.87) as was vasopressor dosage (6 vs 12 μg/min of norepinephrine, NE, P = 0.12). Reduction in NE dose and proportion weaned off vasopressors was similar and LVEF improved in both groups (repeat EF: 50% vs 52.5%, P = 0.38) with almost half attaining EF ≥55%. Although more hearts were transplanted in the T3 group (10/16 vs 6/21, P = 0.04), this difference did not persist after adjusting for baseline imbalances in age and PF ratio.ConclusionsInfusion of T3 does not appear to confer significant hemodynamic or cardiac benefits over T4 for hemodynamic unstable BD organ donors.
Putative neuroprotective pharmacotherapies to target the staged progression of mental illness
Authors: Robertson Oliver D. , Coronado Nieves G. , Sethi Rickinder , Berk Michael , Dodd Seetal 
Published: January 2019

AimNeuropsychiatric disorders including depression, bipolar and schizophrenia frequently exhibit a neuroprogressive course from prodrome to chronicity. There are a range of agents exhibiting capacity to attenuate biological mechanisms associated with neuroprogression. This review will update the evidence for putative neuroprotective agents including clinical efficacy, mechanisms of action and limitations in current assessment tools, and identify novel agents with neuroprotective potential.MethodData for this review were sourced from online databases PUBMED, Embase and Web of Science. Only data published since 2012 were included in this review, no data were excluded based on language or publication origin.ResultsEach of the agents reviewed inhibit one or multiple pathways of neuroprogression including: inflammatory gene expression and cytokine release, oxidative and nitrosative stress, mitochondrial dysfunction, neurotrophin dysregulation and apoptotic signalling. Some demonstrate clinical efficacy in preventing neural damage or loss, relapse or cognitive/functional decline. Agents include: the psychotropic medications lithium, second generation antipsychotics and antidepressants; other pharmacological agents such as minocycline, aspirin, cyclooxygenase‐2 inhibitors, statins, ketamine and alpha‐2‐delta ligands; and others such as erythropoietin, oestrogen, leptin, N‐acetylcysteine, curcumin, melatonin and ebselen.ConclusionsSignals of evidence of clinical neuroprotection are evident for a number of candidate agents. Adjunctive use of multiple agents may present a viable avenue to clinical realization of neuroprotection. Definitive prospective studies of neuroprotection with multimodal assessment tools are required.
Effects of intravesicular loading of a Ca2+ chelator and depolymerization of actin fibers on neurotransmitter release in frog motor nerve terminals
Authors: Narita Kazuhiko , Suzuki Naoya , Himi Naoyuki , Murayama Takashi , Nakagawa Toshitaka , Okabe Naohiko , Nakamura‐Maruyama Emi , Hayashi Norito , Sakamoto Issei , Miyamoto Osamu , Kuba Kenji 
Published: January 2019

AbstractCa2+‐induced Ca2+ release (CICR) via type‐3 ryanodine receptor enhances neurotransmitter release in frog motor nerve terminals. To test a possible role of synaptic vesicle in CICR, we examined the effects of loading of EGTA, a Ca2+ chelator, into synaptic vesicles and depolymerization of actin fibers. Intravesicular EGTA loading via endocytosis inhibited the ryanodine sensitive enhancement of transmitter release induced by tetanic stimulation and the associated rises in intracellular‐free Ca2+ ([Ca2+]i: Ca2+ transients). Latrunculin A, a depolymerizer of actin fibers, enhanced both spontaneous and stimulation‐induced transmitter release, but inhibited the enhancement of transmitter release elicited by successive tetanic stimulation. The results suggest a possibility that the activation of CICR from mobilized synaptic vesicles caused the enhancement of neurotransmitter release.