bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Chemical Vapor Transport Reactions for Synthesizing Layered Materials and Their 2D Counterparts
Authors: Wang Dongya , Luo Fei , Lu Min , Xie Xiaoji , Huang Ling , Huang Wei 
Published: September 2019

Abstract2D materials, namely thin layers of layered materials, are attracting much attention because of their unique electronic, optical, thermal, and catalytic properties for wide applications. To advance both the fundamental studies and further practical applications, the scalable and controlled synthesis of large‐sized 2D materials is desired, while there still lacks ideal approaches. Alternatively, the chemical vapor transport reaction is an old but powerful technique, and is recently adopted for synthesizing 2D materials, producing bulk crystals of layered materials or corresponding 2D films. Herein, recent advancements in synthesizing both bulk layered and 2D materials by chemical vapor transport reactions are summarized. Beginning with a brief introduction of the fundamentals of chemical vapor transport reactions, chemical vapor transport–based syntheses of bulk layered and 2D materials, mainly exampled by transition metal dichalcogenides and black phosphorus, are reviewed. Particular attention is paid to important factors that can influence the reactions and the growth mechanisms of black phosphorus. Finally, perspectives about the chemical vapor transport–based synthesis of 2D materials are discussed, intending to redraw attentions on chemical vapor transport reactions.
CeO2‐Encapsulated Hollow Ag–Au Nanocage Hybrid Nanostructures as High‐Performance Catalysts for Cascade Reactions
Authors: Zhang Lingling , Pan Jing , Long Yan , Li Jian , Li Wei , Song Shuyan , Shi Zhan , Zhang Hongjie 
Published: September 2019

AbstractInspired by bio‐enzymes, multistep cascade reactions are highly attractive in catalysis. Despite extensive research in recent years, it remains a challenge to promote the stability and activity of catalysts. Here, well‐defined core–shell structured Ag–Au nanocage@CeO2 (Ag–Au NC@CeO2) are designed by a simple and facile self‐assembly method. The results indicate that the Ag–Au NC@CeO2 has glucose oxidase‐like activity and intrinsic peroxidase‐like activity at the same time. As expected, Ag–Au NC@CeO2 hybrid nanomaterials exhibit cascade reactions activity. Moreover, the hybrid materials are promising to detect glucose without bio‐enzymes. This research has potential applications in biomedicine and biomimetic catalysis.
Overcoming the Technical Challenges in Al Anode–Based Electrochromic Energy Storage Windows
Authors: Zhang Shengliang , Cao Sheng , Zhang Tianran , Yao Qiaofeng , Lin Haibin , Fisher Adrian , Lee Jim Yang 
Published: September 2019

AbstractA new variant of electrochromic energy storage (EES) windows is introduced recently by pairing an electrochromic cathode with an Al anode. Electrochromism in this case is driven by the built‐in potential difference and chemical recharging (via oxidation by O2 or H2O2) without the need for an external power source. However, the Al anode–based EES windows are adversely affected by the irreversibility of the Al anode reaction, the inconvenience of chemical recharging, and a short cycle life. An electrically rechargeable alternative based on a prelithiated Al anode and a WO3−x
cathode is presented here, which not only overcomes the operational difficulties of Al anode–based EES windows, but also allows for spectrally selective modulation of visible light and near‐infrared and efficient energy recycling. This dual‐band electrochromic energy storage (DEES) window upon assembly is able to self‐colorize by its high built‐in cell voltage (≈2.59 V) without any energy input, and to recycle a large fraction of the energy consumed in the bleaching operation. The DEES window, with its impressive dual‐band electrochromic performance and low energy consumption in a round‐trip electrochromic operation, can be an energy‐saving technology for buildings.
Sauropod teeth from the Middle Jurassic of Madagascar, and the oldest record of Titanosauriformes
Authors: Bindellini Gabriele , Dal Sasso Cristiano 
Published: September 2019

AbstractHere we describe 31 fossil teeth, deposited in the palaeontological collections of the Museo di Storia Naturale di Milano (MSNM), that come from the inland portion of the Mahajanga Basin, NW Madagascar, namely from the Sakahara Formation (classically known as Isalo IIIb subunit), which is dated to the Bathonian stage of the Middle Jurassic. Based on detailed morphological characters, the eight morphotypes recognized herein are tentatively referred to four sauropod taxa: Archaeodontosaurus descouensi, ‘Bothriospondylus madagascariensis’, Lapparentosaurus madagascariensis and an indeterminate specialized eusauropod, which may represent a new species and provides the first evidence of a Bathonian diplodocoid in Madagascar. The identification of the teeth is corroborated by comparative examination of morphometric data. We provide evidence that Titanosauriformes were present in the Bathonian, on the basis of seven specimens referable to this clade. We also discuss in detail some dental characters that support the existence of a clear niche partitioning between the abovementioned taxa that co‐existed in the Malagasy Middle Jurassic terrestrial ecosystem. We hypothesize, for the first time, a direct correlation between the pattern drawn on the tooth crown by the enamel wrinkles and the feeding ecology of sauropod dinosaurs. The enamel wrinkles probably played a structural function: coarse wrinkles were associated with a diet composed mainly of hard foodstuff, whereas fainter wrinkles, which appeared in more derived morphologies, were associated with a diet composed of softer foodstuff.
Pharmacological effects of yokukansan on behavioral and psychological symptoms of dementia
Authors: Egashira Nobuaki , Iwasaki Katsunori 
Published: September 2019

ABSTRACTBackgroundCognitive dysfunction is often accompanied by behavioral and psychological symptoms of dementia (BPSD) in patients with Alzheimer's disease and other forms of senile dementia. BPSD include agitation, aggression, and hallucinations. BPSD have a serious effect on the quality of life of dementia patients and their caregivers, but effective drug therapy for BPSD has not been identified as yet. Typical and atypical antipsychotics that are used for the treatment of BPSD are known to cause a variety of extrapyramidal adverse events. Yokukansan (YKS, Yi‐gan san in Chinese) is a Japanese traditional herbal (kampo) medicine that is used to alleviate night‐crying and irritation in children, as well as to treat neurosis and insomnia. It is currently also used to treat BPSD.MethodsIn this review, we summarize the pharmacological effects of YKS in the context of BPSD.ConclusionYKS is expected to be useful in treating and/or preventing BPSD.
The power to define resilience in social–hydrological systems: Toward a power‐sensitive resilience framework
Authors: Dewulf Art , Karpouzoglou Timos , Warner Jeroen , Wesselink Anna , Mao Feng , Vos Jeroen , Tamas Peter , Groot Annemarie E. , Heijmans Annelies , Ahmed Farhana , Hoang Long , Vij Sumit , Buytaert Wouter 
Published: September 2019

AbstractSince the early work on defining and analyzing resilience in domains such as engineering, ecology and psychology, the concept has gained significant traction in many fields of research and practice. It has also become a very powerful justification for various policy goals in the water sector, evident in terms like flood resilience, river resilience, and water resilience. At the same time, a substantial body of literature has developed that questions the resilience concept's systems ontology, natural science roots and alleged conservatism, and criticizes resilience thinking for not addressing power issues. In this study, we review these critiques with the aim to develop a framework for power‐sensitive resilience analysis. We build on the three faces of power to conceptualize the power to define resilience. We structure our discussion of the relevant literature into five questions that need to be reflected upon when applying the resilience concept to social–hydrological systems. These questions address: (a) resilience of what, (b) resilience at what scale, (c) resilience to what, (d) resilience for what purpose, and (e) resilience for whom; and the implications of the political choices involved in defining these parameters for resilience building or analysis. Explicitly considering these questions enables making political choices explicit in order to support negotiation or contestation on how resilience is defined and used.This article is categorized under:

Human Water > Water Governance.
Engineering Water > Planning Water.
Case studies of scalable wildlife conservation in working landscapes
Authors: Riley Steven P. , Abernethy Robert , McKenzie Donald F. 
Published: September 2019

ABSTRACTLandscape‐scale conservation initiatives have become more common in the past few decades. Many factors led to these increases including a broadening of conservation strategies, technology, and threats to many ecological systems; species’ population declines; and a growing understanding of the need for cooperative conservation. Population and habitat threats and declines often occur on privately owned farms, ranches, and forests, sometimes referred to as ‘working lands,’ which presents a host of challenges and opportunities for conservation. A key challenge of emerging initiatives is funding for conservation. We explore 2 landscape‐scale initiatives that have become loosely linked by the Working Lands for Wildlife partnership. Both have benefited from U.S. Department of Agriculture (USDA) funding that resulted from an agreement between the USDA Natural Resources Conservation Service and the U.S. Department of Interior Fish and Wildlife Service (USDA 2012). We describe a few national cooperative conservation developments to demonstrate their importance to our 2 case studies and the ecosystem of private lands wildlife conservation. © 2019 The Wildlife Society.
On the necessity of incorporating IP Laws into the Civil Law of China and How
Authors: Liu Chuntian , Liu Kung-Chung 
Published: September 2019

AbstractTo codify IP laws into the Civil Law is the way to go for the modernization of the Civil Law in China. China, a mega economy rising swiftly in the last couple of decades and a latecomer to the rule of law, should grasp the moment, ride on the tide of history, surpass its forefathers, break away from the mould and pave the way to modernizing the Civil Law. Furthermore, by codifying IP laws into the Civil Law, China will be laying a solid legal foundation for the long-term strategy of innovation-driven development and for the rule of law in China.
Reminiscing About the Golden Age: An Analysis of Efforts to Revive the Hong Kong Film Industry Through the Lens of Copyright Protection
Authors: Li Yahong , Huang Weijie , Dee Celine Melanie A. 
Published: September 2019

AbstractThe Hong Kong film industry portrayed itself as an international film powerhouse during its golden age. Its light was dimmed on account of the industry’s director-centered production system, prevailing investor pressure, weak infrastructure, political and economic conditions, popularity of foreign films, and rampant piracy. The Hong Kong government established infrastructural solutions and financial remedies to alleviate the industry’s plight. Despite those laudable efforts, success has been limited. The key to restoring the film industry to its former glory lies in reforming the traditional Hong Kong copyright framework, including reconstructing the copyright ownership rule, providing breathing space for secondary creation, and decriminalizing individual, noncommercial online sharing.
On Some Regularity Criteria for Axisymmetric Navier–Stokes Equations
Authors: Rencławowicz Joanna , Zaja̧czkowski Wojciech M. 
Published: September 2019

Abstract
We point out some criteria that imply regularity of axisymmetric solutions to Navier–Stokes equations. We show that boundedness of $$\Vert {v_{r}}/{\sqrt{r^3}}\Vert _{L_2({\mathbb {R}}^3\times (0,T))}$$‖vr/r3‖L2(R3×(0,T)) as well as boundedness of $$\Vert {\omega _{\varphi }}/{\sqrt{r}} \Vert _{L_2({\mathbb {R}}^3\times (0,T))}$$‖ωφ/r‖L2(R3×(0,T)), where $$v_r$$vr is the radial component of velocity and $$\omega _{\varphi }$$ωφ is the angular component of vorticity, imply regularity of weak solutions.
Risk factors for fracture redisplacement after reduction and cast immobilization of displaced distal radius fractures in children: a meta-analysis
Authors: Sengab Alysia , Krijnen Pieta , Schipper Inger Birgitta 
Published: September 2019

AbstractPurposeDisplaced distal radius fractures in children are common and often reduced if necessary and immobilized in cast. Still, fracture redisplacement frequently occurs. This can be prevented by fixation of fracture fragments with K-wires, but until now, there are no clear guidelines for treatment with primary K-wire fixation. This meta-analysis aimed to identify risk factors for redisplacement after reduction and cast immobilization of displaced distal radius fractures in children, and thereby determine which children will benefit most of primary additional K-wire fixation.MethodsEight databases were searched to identify studies and extract data on the incidence of and risk factors for redisplacement of distal radius fractures after initial reduction and cast immobilization in children.ResultsTwelve studies, including 1256 patients, showed that initial complete displacement (odds ratio [OR] 4.69, 95% confidence interval [CI] 2.98–7.39) and presence of a both-bone fracture (OR 1.95, 95% CI 1.34–2.85) were independent risk factors for redisplacement. Anatomical reduction reduced the redisplacement risk (OR 0.14, 95% CI 0.05–0.40). No significant influence on redisplacement risk could be established for female sex, experience level of the attending surgeon, Cast Index < 0.8, Three-Point Index < 0.8 and patient’s age.ConclusionsFor children with a displaced distal radius fracture, the presence of a both-bone fracture, complete displacement of the distal radius and non-anatomical reduction are risk factors for redisplacement after reduction of their initially displaced distal radius fracture. Children with one or more of these risk factors probably benefit most of reduction combined with primary K-wire fixation.
Outcomes Following Major Oncologic Operations for Non‐AIDS‐Defining Cancers in the HIV Population: A Matched Comparison to the General Population
Authors: Chi Amber , Adams Bryan E. , Sesti Joanna , Paul Subroto , Turner Amber L. , August David , Carpizo Darren , Kennedy Timothy , Grandhi Miral , Alexander H. Richard , Libutti Steven K. , Geffner Stuart , Langan Russell C. 
Published: September 2019

AbstractIntroductionHuman immunodeficiency virus (HIV) patients are living longer due to the availability of antiretroviral therapies, and non‐AIDS‐defining cancers are becoming more prevalent in this patient population. A paucity of data remains on post‐operative outcomes following resection of non‐AIDS‐defining cancers in the HIV population.MethodsThe National Inpatient Sample was utilized to identify patients who underwent surgical resection for malignancy from 2005 to 2015 (HIV, N = 52,742; non‐HIV, N = 11,885,184). Complications were categorized by international classification of disease (ICD)‐9 diagnosis codes. Cohorts were matched on insurance, household income, zip code and urban/rural setting. Logistic regression assessed whether HIV was an independent predictor of post‐operative complications.ResultsDescriptive statistics found HIV patients to have an increased rate of complications following select oncologic surgical resections. Univariate and multivariate logistic regression found HIV to only be an independent predictor of complications following pulmonary lobectomy (p = 0.011; OR 2.93, 95% CI 1.29–6.73). Length of stay was statistically longer following colectomy (2.61 days, 95% CI 1.98–3.44) in those with HIV.ConclusionsOur findings are hypothesis generating and highlight the potential safety of major cancer surgery in the HIV population. However, care providers need be cognizant of the potential increased risk of post‐operative complications following pulmonary lobectomy and the potential for increased length of stay. These findings are an initial insight into quality of care and outcomes metrics on HIV patients undergoing major cancer operations.
Anti‐Thyroid Antibodies and TSH as Potential Markers of Thyroid Carcinoma and Aggressive Behavior in Patients with Indeterminate Fine‐Needle Aspiration Cytology
Authors: Adhami Mohammadmehdi , Michail Peter , Rao Apoorva , Bhatt Chhavi R. , Grodski Simon , Serpell Jonathan W. , Lee James C. 
Published: September 2019

AbstractBackgroundIndeterminate fine‐needle aspiration cytology (FNAC) imposes challenges in the management of thyroid nodules. This study aimed to examine whether preoperative anti‐thyroid antibodies (Abs) and TSH are indicators of thyroid malignancy and aggressive behavior in patients with indeterminate FNAC.MethodsThis was a retrospective study of thyroidectomy patients from 2008 to 2016. We analyzed Abs and TSH levels, FNAC, and histopathology. Serum antibody levels were categorized as ‘Undetectable’, ‘In‐range’ if detectable but within normal range, and ‘Elevated’ if above upper limit of normal. ‘Detectable’ levels referred to ‘In‐range’ and ‘Elevated’ combined.ResultsThere were 531 patients included. Of 402 patients with preoperative FNAC, 104 (25.9%) had indeterminate cytology (Bethesda III–V). Of these, 39 (37.5%) were malignant and 65 (62.5%) benign on histopathology. In the setting of indeterminate FNAC, an increased risk of malignancy was associated with ‘Elevated’ thyroglobulin antibodies (TgAb) (OR 7.25, 95% CI 1.13–77.15, P = 0.01) and ‘Elevated’ thyroid peroxidase antibodies (TPOAb) (OR 6.79, 95% CI 1.23–45.88, P = 0.008). Similarly, while still ‘In‐range’, TSH ≥ 1 mIU/L was associated with an increased risk of malignancy (OR 3.23, 95% CI 1.14–9.33, P = 0.01). In all patients with malignancy, the mean tumor size was 8 mm larger in those with TSH ≥ 1 mIU/L (P = 0.03); furthermore, in PTC patients, ‘Detectable’ TgAb conferred a 4 × risk of lymph node metastasis (95% CI 1.03–13.77, P = 0.02).ConclusionIn this cohort, in indeterminate FNAC patients, Abs and TSH were associated with an increased risk of malignancy. Additionally, TgAb and TSH were potential markers of aggressive biology. As such, they may be diagnostic and prognostic adjuncts.
Deletion of PHO13 improves aerobic l-arabinose fermentation in engineered Saccharomyces cerevisiae
Authors: Ye Suji , Jeong Deokyeol , Shon Jong Cheol , Liu Kwang-Hyeon , Kim Kyoung Heon , Shin Minhye , Kim Soo Rin 
Published: September 2019

Abstract
Pentose sugars are increasingly being used in industrial applications of Saccharomyces cerevisiae. Although l-arabinose is a highlighted pentose that has been identified as next-generation biomass, arabinose fermentation has not yet undergone extensive development for industrial utilization. In this study, we integrated a heterologous fungal arabinose pathway with a deletion of PHO13 phosphatase gene. PHO13 deletion increased arabinose consumption rate and specific ethanol productivity under aerobic conditions and consequently depleted sedoheptulose by activation of the TAL1 gene. Global metabolite profiling indicated upregulation of the pentose phosphate pathway and downstream effects such as trehalose accumulation and downregulation of the TCA cycle. Our results suggest that engineering of PHO13 has ample potential for arabinose conversion to ethanol as an industrial source for biofuels.
A novel in vitro model of metastasis supporting passive shedding hypothesis from murine pancreatic cancer Panc-02
Authors: Krzykawski M. P. , Krzykawska R. , Paw M. , Czyz J. , Marcinkiewicz J. 
Published: September 2019

Abstract
Cancer metastasis is believed to happen through active intravasation but there might be also another way to metastasize. According to passive shedding hypothesis, proposed by Munn et al., tumor cells detach from the tumor mass and passively shed to blood stream through leaky blood vessels. We propose a novel In Vitro Migrational Selection (IVMS) assay that enables the pre-selection of invasive pancreatic cancer Panc-02 cells and create a model of passive shedding. We established invasive sub-cell line of murine pancreatic cancer Panc-02 cells (refered to as Panc02-RS), which exhibited higher metastatic potential in vivo and at the same time decrease in vitro migratory skills, comparing to the initial Panc-02 cell line. In in vitro cell cultures Panc-02 spontaneously detached from the cell culture surface and later reattached and colonized new areas. We believe it can mimic the new way of metastasis, namely passive shedding. We concentrated on Panc-02 model but believe that IVMS might be used to create sub cell lines of many solid tumors to model passive shedding. Our results support the passive shedding hypothesis.
Creating Books in Communities: A Book Making Program with Families in a Remote Community in Western Australia
Authors: Barratt-Pugh Caroline , Haig Yvonne 
Published: September 2019

Abstract
This article describes the needs analysis, implementation and outcomes of a pilot program aimed at creating books with families in ways that represent their language and culture. Creating Books in Communities is part of Better Beginnings, a state-wide program, developed by the State Library of Western Australia, for children and their families, that aims to develop literacy skills through fostering a love of books and language. Literature about the importance of recognising and valuing home languages and culture in supporting early literacy learning and the impact of family literacy programs is explored to provide a background to the program. The process of Creating Books in Communities is described in detail—it involves collaboration between librarians, early childhood partners, and community based artists working with families to produce a high-quality book. The impact of the program is explored through the voices of all the participants, revealing a number of positive family and community outcomes. We conclude the article by identifying six key factors related to the success of the program, which can be used as guidelines for implementation of the program both nationally and internationally.
A Bayesian approach to ecosystem service trade-off analysis utilizing expert knowledge
Authors: Höfer Solveig , Ziemba Alex , El Serafy Ghada 
Published: September 2019

Abstract
The concept of ecosystem services is gaining attention in the context of sustainable resource management. However, it is inherently difficult to account for tangible and intangible services in a combined model. The aim of this study is to extend the definition of ecosystem service trade-offs by using Bayesian Networks to capture the relationship between tangible and intangible ecosystem services. Tested is the potential of creating such a network based on existing literature and enhancement via expert elicitation. This study discusses the significance of expert elicitation to enhance the value of a Bayesian Network in data-restricted case studies, underlines the importance of inclusion of experts’ certainty, and demonstrates how multiple sources of knowledge can be combined into one model accounting for both tangible and intangible ecosystem services. Bayesian Networks appear to be a promising tool in this context, nevertheless, this approach is still in need of further refinement in structure and applicable guidelines for expert involvement and elicitation for a more unified methodology.