bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
PENGARUH PENYULUHAN TERHADAP PENINGKATAN PENGETAHUAN PADA KADER TENTANG PENYAKIT STROKE DALAM UPAYA MENCEGAH DAN MENANGGULANGI PENAYAKIT STROKE DI WILAYAH KERJA PKM LEUWIGAJAH CIMAHI SELATAN
Authors: Rianto Budi , Karmi Rudi 
Published: March 2019

Kejadian Penyakit stroke bisa berakibat fatal apabila tidak ada penanganan yang tepat tetapi dengan pengetahuan yang baik maka program pencegahan dan pananggulangan penyakit stroke dapat berhasil dengan baik. Kader menjadikan ujung tombak yang berinteraksi langsung kepada masyarakat sehingga peranan kader sangat menentukan keberhasilan gerakan masyarakat yang diharapakan oleh pemerintah dalam mencegahan dan menanggulangi penyakit stroke. Dengan demikian kader harus memiliki wawasan dan pengetahuan yang luas tentang penyakit stroke. Peneliti ingin mengetahui keberhasilan pendidikan stroke yang diberikan kepada pada kader PKM Leuwigajah unutk referensi tindak lanjut program pencegahan dan penanggulangan stroke kepada para kader PKM Leuwigajah. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian deskriptif korelatif dengan pendekatan cross sectional. Dengan populasi 26 orang. Analisa univariat yaitu gambaran pengetahuan kader tentang stroke dan sebelum dan setelah diberi penyuluhan, dengan hasil pengetahuan sebelum pendidikan adalah setengahnya (50%) berpengetahuan cukup, dan setelah pelatihan menjadi hampir seluruhnya yaitu 93,2 % berpengetahian baik. sedangkan bivariat menggunakan independen simple t test non parameterik. Diperoleh nilai P=0,00 < alpha =0,05, maka secara signifikan terdapat pengaruh antara penyuluah terhadap peningkatan pengetahuan bagi para kader tentang penyakit stroke. Diharapkan hasil penelitian ini dapat dipakai sebagai bahan ajuan dalam pertimbangan pengambilan keputusan dalam upaya pencegahan dan penanggulan stroke
Economic Efficiency and Its Determinants: A Case Study of Cowpea Production in the Western Agricultural Zone of Nasarawa State, Nigeria
Authors: Kuzhkuzha M. D. , Girei A. A. , Umar H. S. 
Published: March 2019

Most farmers in Nigeria, cowpea farmers inclusive, practice subsistence farming with low productivity and consequent inefficiencies. Cowpea related researches have however, focused more on the technical efficiency and the enterprise profitability with little or no research on economic efficiencies, particularly in the study area. It is consequent upon this gap that this study estimated the economic efficiency level and assessed the influencing factors among cowpea farmers in the western agricultural zone of Nasarawa state, Nigeria. A sample size of 160 cowpea farmers was selected using multi-stage sampling technique. The data used was collected for the 2017 farming season using structured questionnaire and was analysed using the data envelopment analysis (DEA) and tobit regression model. The study revealed that cowpea farmers in the study area operated on a small scale, at an average of 1.0 ha/farmer. Findings also indicated that, the mean technical (TE), allocative (AE) and economic efficiencies (EE) were: 0.31, 0.18 and 0.06 respectively. The implication of these results is that an average farmer in the study area has the scope for increasing TE by 69% in the short run under the existing technology. An average farmer in the study area also has the scope of increasing their allocative and economic efficiencies by 82% and 94% respectively in the short run under the existing technology. The economic efficiency was only influenced significantly by the farm size. Education, farming experience, and extension visits were not significant determinants of the economic efficiency. The study recommends for policies of government at all levels and those of all the stakeholders to discourage land fragmentation and promote efforts that encourage farmers to form strong cooperatives so that they can pool their resources together to increase their scale of operations and by so doing improve their cowpea production efficiency.
Integrated Nutrient Management with Biofertilizers in Different Genotypes of Rice Sown under Aerobic Conditions
Authors: Sreedevi B. , Singh Aarti , Tejaswini M. 
Published: March 2019

Aerobic rice is a new way of cultivating rice that requires less water than lowland rice. A field experiment was conducted during the kharif season of 2015 to evaluate the effects of nutrient management with Biofertilizers on growth and yield attributes, yield, nutrient uptake and economics different rice cultivars. The experiment was laid out split plot design with four replications. Main plot treatments consisted of two cultivars viz., whereas, sub plot treatments comprised of nutrient management practices namely, N1-125% RDF, N2-125% RDF + Biofertilizers, N3 -100% RDF, N4 -100% RDF + Biofertilizers, N5-75% RDF, N6-75% RDF + Biofertilizers. The source of biofertiliser was a combination of Azospirillum, Phosphorus Solubilizing Bacteria and Potassium Solubilizer applied @ 5 kg/ha-1. Crop dry matter production (2582.3 g/m2), root dry matter production (910.1 g/m2), tillers/m2 (566), leaf area index (4.54), panicles/m2 (535), panicle length (23.81), panicle weight (4.56) and test weight (25.3) was higher in PA 6444 compared to DRR Dhan 44. Higher uptake of nutrients was also observed in PA 6444. Rice fertilized with 125% RDF + Biofertilizers (N2) produced higher crop (2901.6 g/m2) and root dry matter production (1028.1 g/m2), tillers/m2 (561) and leaf area index (5.19). This treatment also recorded higher yield attributes and grain yield (3.55 t/ha). With respect to nutrient uptake, application of 125% RDF + Biofertilizers (N2) recorded higher N, P and K uptake by grain and straw and higher profitability (1.57) than other nutrient combinations.
Influence of the Composition of the Municipal Solid Waste (MSW) on the Physicochemical Parameters of Leachate at the Municipal Solid Waste Landfill in Nkolfoulou –Yaounde
Authors: Oben M. L. , Boum A. Ngo , Besack F. 
Published: March 2019

This study highlights the influence of the composition of the municipal solid waste (MSW) on the physicochemical parameters of leachate at the municipal solid waste landfill in Nkolfoulou –Yaounde. Toxicity characteristic leaching procedure (TCLP) was used as a chemical and analytical method for soil sample extraction to simulate leaching through a landfill. During TCLP procedure the pH of the sample material was first established, and then leached with an acetic acid / sodium hydroxide solution at a 1:20 mix of sample to solvent. Electrical conductivity (EC) was determined using conductivity meter; Total Suspended Solid (TSS), Chemical Oxygen Demand (COD), Biological Oxygen Demand. (BOD) were determined using standard procedures. Phosphate was analyzed calorimetrically and heavy metals (Cu, Fe, and Manganese) by Graphite Furnace Atomic Absorption Spectrometric Method. Pearson’s correlation using Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS) version 20.0 .was used to estimate the degree of association between waste components and leachate parameters. The results indicate a strong influence of solid waste on leachate production and composition. We found a strong positive correlation between paper and Total Suspended Solids (TSS), r = 0.7724, Phosphorus, r = 0.7249, Fe, r = 0.6993 and Cu, r = 0.7249.
Knowledge, Attitude and Practice of Eyelid Surgeries among Surgeons in Nigeria
Authors: Ejimadu C. S. , Fieba B. , Onua A. A. 
Published: March 2019

Aim: To determine the level of knowledge, attitude and practice of eyelid surgeries among surgeons in Nigeria.
Methods: A self-administered questionnaires about their knowledge, attitude and practice of eyelid surgeries were given to 135 medical practitioners attending the 49th Annual General Meeting and Scientific Conference of the International College of Surgeons (Nigeria National Section) held in Port Harcourt from 16th to 20th June 2015. Questions asked tested the Knowledge, Attitude and Practice of the medical practitioners on matters related to eyelid surgeries. Study participants’ knowledge, attitude and practice were graded as Good for scores of 75% and above, Fair for 50-74% score and Poor for scores less than 50%. Respondents’ demographic data, responses and corresponding scores were entered into computer software-Scientific Package for Social Sciences (SPSS) version 20 and analysed.
Results: There were 135 responders, out of which 121 (89.62%) were male while 14 (10.38%) were females. They were aged between 21-70 years with a mean value of 51.6 +/- 8.6 years, range = 40 years and mean = 50 years. Specialist surgeons with college fellowship accounted for 84.4% while specialist surgeons in training (college membership) accounted for 15.6%. Most of the responders (73.3%) were in public service while 9% were in the private service and 17.7% were in both public and private service. Sixty seven per cent of responders had good knowledge of eyelid surgeries, 22.2% had fair knowledge while 11.1% had poor knowledge. Majority (73.3%) had poor attitude while only 26.7% had good attitude to eyelid surgeries. Responders with poor practice of lid surgeries accounted for 77.8%, fair practice were 13.4% while only 8.8% had good eyelid surgery practice.
Conclusion: Most of our responders were experienced surgeons as shown by their ages, educational and professional status. Though majority of them had good knowledge of eyelid surgeries their attitude and practice of it were poor in spite of their experience in the field of surgery. This could be due to the paucity of oculoplastic surgeons in Nigeria. Measures should therefore be taking to improve on subspecialty training especially in oculoplastic surgery and collaborations should be encouraged amongst surgeons involved in facial surgeries.
Prevalence of Anaemia after Initiation of Antiretroviral Therapy among HIV-infected Patients Attending University of Calabar Teaching Hospital Calabar, Nigeria
Authors: Okafor A. O. , Akwiwu E. C. , Akpotuzor J. O. 
Published: March 2019

Aims: To investigating some demographic variables and red cell parameters of infected persons already accessing antiretroviral therapy with a view to identifying sub- groups with higher proportions of anaemia.
Study Design: Cross-sectional study.
Place and Duration of Study: University of Calabar Teaching Hospital Calabar Nigeria, between August 2017 and July 2018.
Methodology: Subjects comprised 60 male and female HIV-infected adults attending University of Calabar Teaching Hospital Calabar, and equal number of age and sex-matched control subjects who were HIV sero-negative as at the time of this study. The infected persons were being treated with either Tenofovir+Lamivudine+Efavirenz (TLE) or Lamivudine+Zidovudine+Nevirapine (LZN). A pre-tested structured questionnaire was administered by two trained interviewers which captured the bio-data, sociodemographic variables and therapy-related information. Venous blood was collected aseptically by standard phlebotomy into appropriate sample containers for CD4 and red cell counts by automation.
Results: The proportion of anaemia occurring between TLE and LZN users was observed to be in the ratio of 2:3. The RBC count, haematocrit and haemoglobin concentration were significantly lower (p=.000), while MCV, MCH and RDW were significantly higher (p=.000) in subjects infected with HIV compared to the control subjects, Duration of treatment beyond 6 years significantly raised both MCV (p=.007) and MCH (p=.006) compared to the first 3 years of treatment commencement, while the MCV, MCH and RDW-SD were significantly higher (p=.003, .014 and .018 respectively) among LZN users compared to those on TLE.
Conclusion: Human immunodeficiency virus infection triggers pathologic mechanisms that culminate into anaemia. While the use of antiretroviral therapy appears to gradually resolve this derangement, the adverse effects of some of the antiretroviral agents contribute to the persistence of anaemia particularly with increasing years of treatment.
Antibiotic Susceptibility Profile of Bacteria Isolated from Fitness Machines in Selected Fitness Centers at Akure and Elizade University in Ondo State Nigeria
Authors: Fadare O. S. , Durojaye O. B. 
Published: March 2019

Aim: This study seeks to determine the antibiotic susceptibility pattern of bacteria isolated from surfaces of fitness machines at fitness center located at Elizade University and Akure town.
Methods: Samples were collected from the different site of gym equipment including thread mill (handle, floor), bicep bench (handle), bike (handle, paddle), cruncher (handle, elbow) using sterile swab stick moistened with sterile buffered physiological solution. The swab sticks were immediately transferred to the laboratory for analysis. Standard microbiological techniques were used to identify the bacterial isolates. The antibiotic susceptibility profile of the isolates was determined by using standard antibiotics discs.
Results: Out of the 31 isolates identified, Staphylococcus aureus 12(38.7%) was the predominant bacteria followed by Bacillus spp. 11(35.5%), Klebsiella spp. 4(12.9%), E. coli and Staphylococcus saprophyticus 2(6.45%) and Enterococcus spp. 1(3.23%). The susceptibility profile showed that all isolates were resistant to Amoxicillin (AM) and Augmentin (AU), Staphylococcus spp. isolated from different surfaces shows different susceptibility pattern to the used antibiotics, while Bacillus spp. Klebsiella spp. and E. coli also confer resistance to more than one commonly used antibiotic.
Conclusion: The results showed the occurrence of potential pathogenic bacteria in which their presence on the equipment surfaces could easily be transmitted between users and to the environment generally. The spread of these potential pathogenic microorganisms in the fitness centre can be prevented through frequent hand washing and use of hand sanitizer as well as daily cleaning of equipment surfaces before and after activities with disinfectants.
Collagen Fibrils Mechanically Contribute to Tissue Contraction in an In Vitro Wound Healing Scenario
Authors: Brauer Erik , Lippens Evi , Klein Oliver , Nebrich Grit , Schreivogel Sophie , Korus Gabriela , Duda Georg N. , Petersen Ansgar 
Published: March 2019

AbstractWound contraction is an ancient survival mechanism of vertebrates that results from tensile forces supporting wound closure. So far, tissue tension was attributed to cellular forces produced by tissue‐resident (myo‐)fibroblasts alone. However, difficulties in explaining pathological deviations from a successful healing path motivate the exploration of additional modulatory factors. Here, it is shown in a biomaterial‐based in vitro wound healing model that the storage of tensile forces in the extracellular matrix has a significant, so‐far neglected contribution to macroscopic tissue tension. In situ monitoring of tissue forces together with second harmonic imaging reveal that the appearance of collagen fibrils correlates with tissue contraction, indicating a mechanical contribution of tensioned collagen fibrils in the contraction process. As the re‐establishment of tissue tension is key to successful wound healing, the findings are expected to advance the understanding of tissue healing but also underlying principles of misregulation and impaired functionality in scars and tissue contractures.
Appendiceal adenocarcinoma—Two unique cases of adenocarcinoma ex‐goblet cell carcinoid
Authors: Hennessy Mairead M. , Ivanovski Ivan 
Published: March 2019

Key Clinical MessageWe describe the different clinical presentations, radiology, histology and management of this unique, highly aggressive disease. Clinical presentation of appendicitis may not just be appendicitis. Appendiceal tumors must always be considered in the differential diagnosis. Dedicated radiology and histological examination in addition to aggressive surgical and oncological input improve outcome.
Branched Polyvinyl Alcohol Hybrid Membrane for Acid Recovery via Diffusion Dialysis
Authors: Cheng Congliang , Li Ping , He Yubin , Hu Xianhai , Emmanuel Kamana 
Published: March 2019

AbstractA branched polymer was prepared by grafting allyltrimethylammonium chloride onto polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) via free‐radical polymerization. Afterwards, a series of hybrid membranes were prepared by sol‐gel cross‐linking between quaternary ammonium‐PVA and tetraethoxysilane. The obtained membranes were characterized in terms of infrared spectroscopy, ion exchange capacity, water uptake, linear expansion ratio, and acid resistance. The thermal properties of the membranes were investigated as well. The diffusion dialysis performances of the membranes were tested by using a simulated feed solution containing HCl and FeCl2. The diffusion dialysis coefficients and the separation factors were much better than those of the commercial DF‐120 membrane.
Improved Electrochemical Performance of Ultrathin MoS2 Nanosheet/Co Composites for Lithium‐Ion Battery Anodes
Authors: Bai Jin , Zhao Bangchuan , Zhou Jiafeng , Fang Zhitang , Li Kunzhen , Ma Hongyang , Dai Jianming , Zhu Xuebin , Sun Yuping 
Published: March 2019

AbstractUltrathin MoS2 nanosheets are promising anode materials for high energy‐density Li‐ion batteries. However, their practical applications suffer from problems of lower capacity and poor cycling performance. In this work, the electrochemical performance of ultrathin MoS2 nanosheets is improved by the synergistic effect of the MoS2 nanosheet structure and cobalt compositing. The morphological characteristics show that the MoS2/Co composite has a more dispersed ultrathin nanosheet structure with a more uniform size distribution. When it is used as an anode material for lithium‐ion batteries, the MoS2/Co composite exhibits excellent lithium storage performance compared with the MoS2. It delivers a much higher initial discharge specific capacity of 1130 mAh g−1 at 100 mA g−1 and still retains 766 mAh g−1 even at 2 A g−1, exhibiting an excellent rate capability. Besides, it also shows a good cycling performance with a slowly capacity increase to 1340 mAh g−1 after 50 cycles at 100 mA g−1. The MoS2/Co composite structure enhances the conductivity of ultrathin MoS2 nanosheets, shortens diffusion path of Li+, and accelerates Li+ and electron transfer, improving the corresponding electrochemical performance.
Electrochemical C−H/N−H Oxidative Cross Coupling of Imidazopyridines with Diarylamines to Synthesize Triarylamine Derivatives
Authors: Liu Kun , Wu Jiarong , Deng Yuqi , Song Chunlan , Song Wenxu , Lei Aiwen 
Published: March 2019

AbstractAn electrochemical dehydrogenative C−H/N−H cross coupling of imidazopyridines with diarylamines has been developed. A variety of triarylamine derivatives could be obtained in high regioselectivities and moderate‐to‐good yields. In this transformation, the reaction is conducted in a simple undivided cell without using a metal catalyst or a stoichiometric amount of external chemical oxidants. Mechanistic studies indicate that the C−N bond is likely to be formed through the cross coupling between an arene cation radical and a nitrogen radical.
Cobalt‐Vanadium Hydroxide Nanoneedles with a Free‐Standing Structure as High‐Performance Oxygen Evolution Reaction Electrocatalysts
Authors: Yang Mingyang , Fu Xuelian , Shao Mengmeng , Wang Zhenyu , Cao Lujie , Gu Shuai , Li Minchan , Cheng Hua , Li Yuchao , Pan Hui , Lu Zhouguang 
Published: March 2019

AbstractIt is a great challenge to develop electrocatalysts with high efficiency and low cost toward oxygen evolution reaction (OER) for the electrolysis of water. Herein, novel CoV‐hydroxide nanoneedle arrays with freestanding structure is successfully fabricated as new electrocatalysts for OER. Remarkably, the incorporation of V into Co hydroxide can significantly modulate the nanoneedle morphology, which results in the increase of active surface area, and augment the intrinsic activity by tuning the electronic structure. Particularly, we find that the freestanding Co hydroxide nanoneedles with 25 % Co substituted by V (Co0.75V0.25‐HNNs) show the optimum OER catalytic activity and have a low overpotential (268 mV at 10 mA cm−2), a small Tafel slope (80 mV dec−1) and long‐term stability, which are comparable to the other Co‐based and V‐based electrocatalysts for OER reported in literature.
Behavioral effects of postnatal ketamine exposure in rhesus macaque infants are dependent on MAOA‐LPR genotype
Authors: Herrington Joshua Anthony , Del Rosso Laura , Capitanio John P. 
Published: March 2019

AbstractKetamine is an N‐methyl‐D‐aspartate (NMDA) receptor antagonist widely used in pediatric anesthetic and therapeutic practices and veterinary medicine. Previous evidence suggests that exposure to ketamine during sensitive periods of development results in neural apoptosis and atypical behavior. Since monoamine neurotransmitters play important roles in prenatal and early postnatal neural development, and since previous work suggests ketamine can inhibit monoamine transporters, we hypothesized that there would be behavioral consequences of prenatal and early postnatal exposure to ketamine moderated by genotype of the promoter in the monoamine oxidase‐A (MAOA) gene. From a large sample of animals (N = 408), we compared groups of rhesus monkeys that had experienced a single exposure to ketamine during prenatal development, an exposure during prenatal development and one postnatal exposure, a postnatal exposure with no prenatal exposure, and no exposures. Animals were classified by putative activity levels for the MAOA genotype and were tested between 3 and 4 months of age on a battery of behavioral tests. Results suggested that animals exposed to ketamine postnatally, at a dose typically used for sedative effects that also had the low‐activity variant of MAOA performed poorly on a visual memory test compared to animals with the high‐activity variant of the MAOA gene.
Area and distance from mainland affect in different ways richness and phylogenetic diversity of snakes in Atlantic Forest coastal islands
Authors: Portillo José Thales da Motta , Ouchi‐Melo Lilian Sayuri , Crivellari Lucas Batista , de Oliveira Thiago Alves Lopes , Sawaya Ricardo J. , Duarte Leandro da Silva 
Published: March 2019

AbstractAimThe Theory of Island Biogeography posits that ecological and evolutionary processes regulate species richness of isolated areas. We assessed the influences of an island area and distance from the mainland on species richness, phylogenetic diversity, and phylogenetic composition of snakes on coastal islands.LocationCoastal islands of the megadiverse Atlantic Forest in southeastern Brazil.MethodsWe compiled the species composition of 17 coastal islands in southeastern Brazil. Species richness and phylogenetic diversity were calculated for each island. Phylogenetic composition was measured using principal coordinates of phylogenetic structure. We then employed generalized linear models to test the influence of area and distance from the mainland on the diversity metrics.ResultsWe found a prominent influence of area on species richness, whereas phylogenetic diversity was more affected by distance from the mainland. Snake clades were distinctly associated with area and distance. The Boidae family was associated with nearer and larger islands, whereas Elapidae was broadly distributed. Distance from the mainland was associated with the distribution of Dipsadidae, whereas Colubridae was influenced by both the area and distance. The Viperidae family attained higher values of phylogenetic diversity in smaller and more remote islands.Main conclusionsThis island system conserved a considerable piece of snake richness from southeastern Brazil, including island endemic species. Area and distance from the mainland were important drivers of snake diversity in the Atlantic Forest coastal islands. However, these predictors affected the different components of diversity in different ways. Phylogenetic composition analysis enables us to understand how basal nodes contributed to high levels of phylogenetic diversity on smaller and farther islands regardless of the decrease in species richness.