bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Sublingual sialocele in a cat
Authors: Bassanino Jean , Palierne Sophie , Blondel Margaux , Reynolds Brice S 
Published: February 2019

Case summary A 1-year-old male neutered cat was presented with a right-sided swelling of the floor of the oral cavity, causing dysphagia and hypersialorrhoea for 2 months. Fine-needle aspiration of the mass and CT were suggestive of a right sublingual sialocoele with no obvious cause. Surgical resection of the ipsilateral sublingual–mandibular salivary gland complex, as well as marsupialisation of the mucocoele, was performed. The cat recovered uneventfully. Histopathological examination of the resected specimen confirmed the diagnosis. No sign of recurrence was reported 7 months after surgery. Relevance and novel information Overall, sialocoeles are rare in cats but sublingual mucocoele is the most common form. Diagnosis is usually straightforward and the use of CT to help localise the affected site and possibly identify a cause has been infrequently described. Surgical treatment recommendations have been updated, which also makes a refresher of this uncommon condition likely to be of interest to the feline practitioner.
A text messaging-based intervention to increase physical activity among persons living in permanent supportive housing: Feasibility and acceptability findings from a pilot study
Authors: Rhoades Harmony , Wenzel Suzanne , Winetrobe Hailey , Ramirez Magaly , Wu Shinyi , Carranza Adam , Dent David , Caraballo Jones Monika 
Published: February 2019

Objective Persons who have experienced homelessness and are living in permanent supportive housing experience high rates of health and mental health problems. Given that physical activity is associated with improved health outcomes and persons with homelessness histories report high rates of cell phone use, phone-based interventions to increase physical activity may be effective for improving health and wellbeing among persons in permanent supportive housing. Methods To understand the acceptability and feasibility of a cell phone-based physical activity intervention in this population, this 6-week pilot study enrolled 13 persons living in permanent supportive housing. Participants were eligible if they had completed their final, 12-month follow-up interview in a larger, longitudinal study of persons moving into permanent supportive housing in the Los Angeles area, spoke English, and reported comorbid chronic physical and mental health conditions. For the study duration, participants wore a pedometer, received multiple weekly motivational text messages on set days (at times selected by the participant), and responded via text to weekly depression screeners and requests to report their weekly step totals, as recorded by their pedometers. Follow-up interviews asked open-ended questions about study participation and satisfaction. Results Participants were 53 years old on average, most were female (54%), and most were African-American (62%). Changes to people’s physical activity levels were limited, but participants reported increased quality of life during the intervention period. Interviews revealed that the intervention was well received and enjoyable for participants. Conclusions The efficacy of utilizing cell phones to improve health and wellbeing among adults living in permanent supportive housing requires further research, but these pilot findings suggest that such interventions are feasible and acceptable.
Tranexamic acid is an active site inhibitor of urokinase plasminogen activator
Authors: Wu Guojie , Mazzitelli Blake A. , Quek Adam J. , Veldman Matthew J. , Conroy Paul J. , Caradoc-Davies Tom T. , Ooms Lisa M. , Tuck Kellie L. , Schoenecker Jonathan G. , Whisstock James C. , Law Ruby H. P. 
Published: February 2019

Key PointsTXA is an active-site inhibitor of uPA. TXA attenuates MDA-MB-231 BAG cell migration and inhibits endogenous uPA activity.
Expansion of IL-17A–secreting CD8+ mucosa-associated invariant T cells in peripheral blood following stem cell mobilization
Authors: Varelias Antiopi , Gartlan Kate H. , Wilkinson Andrew N. , Olver Stuart D. , Samson Luke D. , Tey Siok-Keen , MacDonald Kelli P. A. , Hill Geoffrey R. 
Published: February 2019

Key PointsStem cell mobilization with G-CSF promotes IL-17A secretion by donor CD8+ MAIT cells. Tbet and RORγt coexpression identifies potential IL-17A–secreting proinflammatory populations after allogeneic stem cell transplantation.
Interleukin-2–inducible T-cell kinase inhibitors modify functional polarization of human peripheral T-cell lymphoma cells
Authors: Mamand Sami , Carr Matthew , Allchin Rebecca L. , Ahearne Matthew J. , Wagner Simon D. 
Published: February 2019

Key Points
ITK inhibitors perturb functional changes due to polarizing culture conditions in normal human tonsil CD4+ T cells. Primary human PTCL cells alter their functional properties in culture and ITK inhibitors modify these changes.
Transcriptome sequencing analysis of maize embryonic callus during early redifferentiation
Authors: Zhang Xiaoling , Wang Yanli , Yan Yuanyuan , Peng Hua , Long Yun , Zhang Yinchao , Jiang Zhou , Liu Peng , Zou Chaoying , Peng Huanwei , Pan Guangtang , Shen Yaou 
Published: February 2019

Abstract
Background
Maize is one of the primary crops of genetic manipulation, which provides an excellent means of promoting stress resistance and increasing yield. However, the differences in induction and regeneration capacity of embryonic callus (EC) among various genotypes result in genotypic dependence in genetic transformation.

Results
In this study, embryonic calli of two maize inbred lines with strong redifferentiation capacity and two lines with weak redifferentiation capability were separately subjected to transcriptome sequencing analysis during the early redifferentiation stages (stage I, 1–3 d; stage II, 4–6 d; stage III, 7–9 d) along with their corresponding controls. A total of ~ 654.72 million cDNA clean reads were yielded, and 62.64%~ 69.21% clean reads were mapped to the reference genome for each library. In comparison with the control, the numbers of differentially expressed genes (DEGs) for the four inbred lines identified in the three stages ranged from 1694 to 7193. By analyzing the common and specific DEGs of the four materials, we found that there were 321 upregulated genes and 386 downregulated genes identified in the high-regeneration lines (141 and DH40), whereas 611 upregulated genes and 500 downregulated genes were specifically expressed in the low-regeneration lines (ZYDH381–1 and DH3732). Analysis of the DEG expression patterns indicated a sharp change at stage I in both the high- and low-regeneration lines, which suggested that stage I constitutes a crucial period for EC regeneration. Notably, the specific common DEGs of 141 and DH40 were mainly associated with photosynthesis, porphyrin and chlorophyll metabolism, ribosomes, and plant hormone signal transduction. In contrast, the DEGs in ZYDH381–1 and DH3732 were mainly related to taurine and hypotaurine metabolism, nitrogen metabolism, fatty acid elongation, starch and sucrose metabolism, phenylpropanoid biosynthesis, and plant circadian rhythm. More importantly, WOX genes, which have an ancestral role in embryo development in seed plants and promote the regeneration of transformed calli, were specifically upregulated in the two high-regeneration lines.

Conclusions
Our research contributes to the elucidation of molecular regulation during early redifferentiation in the maize embryonic callus.
RETRACTED ARTICLE: TRIM29 facilitates the epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition and the progression of colorectal cancer via the activation of the Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway
Authors: Sun Juntao , Zhang Tianyu , Cheng Mengmeng , Hong Liwen , Zhang Chen , Xie Mengfan , Sun Peijun , Fan Rong , Wang Zhengting , Wang Lei , Zhong Jie 
Published: February 2019

Abstract
Background
Tripartite Motif 29 (TRIM29) has been newly identified as being implicated in cancer progression. However, the biological role and molecular mechanism of TRIM29 in the invasion and metastasis of colorectal cancer (CRC) remain to be determined.

Methods
The expression levels of TRIM29 and β-catenin in CRC patient specimens were detected by immunohistochemistry. Recombinant lentivirus vectors containing the TRIM29 gene and its small hairpin interfering RNAs were constructed and transduced into CRC cells. Wound-healing and Transwell assays were performed to evaluate the migration and invasion abilities of CRC cells in vitro. Hepatic metastasis models in nude mice were established to validate the function of TRIM29 in vivo. Moreover, the expressions of epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT)-associated proteins were detected by qRT-PCR and Western blotting in CRC cells. Finally, Western blotting, qRT-PCR, luciferase reporter assays, and immunofluorescence assays were used to explore the molecular mechanisms of TRIM29 in CRC progression.

Results
Increased TRIM29 expression positively correlated with lymph node metastasis and β-catenin expression in patient CRC tissues. Overexpression of TRIM29 promoted invasion and metastasis of CRC cells in vitro and in vivo by regulating EMT, whereas the knockdown of TRIM29 had the opposite effect. Further mechanistic studies suggest that TRIM29 can activate the Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway via up-regulating CD44 expression in colorectal cancer.

Conclusions
TRIM29 induces EMT through activating the Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway via up-regulating CD44 expression, thus promoting invasion and metastasis of CRC.
Engineering Corynebacterium glutamicum to produce the biogasoline isopentenol from plant biomass hydrolysates
Authors: Sasaki Yusuke , Eng Thomas , Herbert Robin A. , Trinh Jessica , Chen Yan , Rodriguez Alberto , Gladden John , Simmons Blake A. , Petzold Christopher J. , Mukhopadhyay Aindrila 
Published: February 2019

Abstract
Background
Many microbes used for the rapid discovery and development of metabolic pathways have sensitivities to final products and process reagents. Isopentenol (3-methyl-3-buten-1-ol), a biogasoline candidate, has an established heterologous gene pathway but is toxic to several microbial hosts. Reagents used in the pretreatment of plant biomass, such as ionic liquids, also inhibit growth of many host strains. We explored the use of Corynebacterium glutamicum as an alternative host to address these constraints.

Results
We found C. glutamicum ATCC 13032 to be tolerant to both the final product, isopentenol, as well to three classes of ionic liquids. A heterologous mevalonate-based isopentenol pathway was engineered in C. glutamicum. Targeted proteomics for the heterologous pathway proteins indicated that the 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl-coenzyme A reductase protein, HmgR, is a potential rate-limiting enzyme in this synthetic pathway. Isopentenol titers were improved from undetectable to 1.25 g/L by combining three approaches: media optimization; substitution of an NADH-dependent HmgR homolog from Silicibacter pomeroyi; and development of a C. glutamicum ∆poxB ∆ldhA host chassis.

Conclusions
We describe the successful expression of a heterologous mevalonate-based pathway in the Gram-positive industrial microorganism, C. glutamicum, for the production of the biogasoline candidate, isopentenol. We identified critical genetic factors to harness the isopentenol pathway in C. glutamicum. Further media and cultivation optimization enabled isopentenol production from sorghum biomass hydrolysates.
Considering the benefits of hosting refugees: evidence of refugee camps influencing local labour market activity and economic welfare in Rwanda
Authors: Loschmann Craig , Bilgili Özge , Siegel Melissa 
Published: February 2019

Abstract
This paper examines the influence of Congolese refugees on host communities in Rwanda, with a focus on labour market activity and economic welfare. The analysis takes advantage of newly collected survey data from three refugee camps and their surrounding areas to compare individuals and households within communities at various distances from, and therefore exposure to, the refugee population. We find evidence that residing close to a refugee camp makes it more likely that an individual is engaged in wage employment in comparison to farming or livestock production, representing a shift away from subsistence farming activities. In addition, there is evidence that females living nearby a camp have a higher occurrence of self-employment in business both as a primary and secondary activity, highlighting a notable gender-specific dynamic. Likewise, living in close proximity to a camp is associated with greater household asset ownership, benefiting both male- and female-headed households similarly, whereas no relationship is found in regard to ones’ subjective perception of their household’s economic situation. These generally encouraging results illustrate that refugees need not be a burden to their host societies, and their presence results in direct and indirect benefits.
Mental health difficulties across childhood and mental health service use: findings from a longitudinal population-based study
Authors: Mulraney Melissa , Hiscock Harriet , Sciberras Emma , Coghill David , Sawyer Michael 
Published: February 2019

BackgroundOver the past 20 years the prevalence of child and adolescent mental disorders in high-income countries has not changed despite increased investment in mental health services. Insufficient contact with mental health services may be a contributing factor; however, it is not known what proportion of children have sufficient contact with health professionals to allow delivery of treatment meeting minimal clinical practice guidelines, or how long children experience symptoms prior to receiving treatment.AimsTo investigate the level of mental healthcare received by Australian children from age 4 years to 14 years.MethodTrajectories of mental health symptoms were mapped using the Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaire. Health professional attendances and psychotropic medications dispensed were identified from linked national Medicare Benefits Schedule (MBS) and Pharmaceutical Benefits Scheme records.ResultsFour trajectories of mental health symptoms were identified (low, high-decreasing, moderate-increasing and high-increasing). Most children with mental health symptoms had few MBS mental health attendances, and only a minority received care meeting study criteria for minimally adequate treatment. Children in the high-increasing and moderate-increasing trajectories were more likely to access care, yet there was no evidence of improvement in symptoms.ConclusionsIt is important that children and adolescents with mental health problems receive treatment that meets minimal practice guidelines. Further research is needed to identify the quality of care currently provided to children with mental health difficulties and how clinicians can be best funded and supported to provide care meeting minimal practice guidelines.Declaration of interestsNone.
Hydrocortisone Granules Are Bioequivalent When Sprinkled Onto Food or Given Directly on the Tongue
Authors: Daniel Eleni , Digweed Dena , Quirke Jo , Voet Bernard , Ross Richard J , Davies Madhu 
Published: February 2019

Abstract

Background
Immediate-release hydrocortisone granules in capsules for opening in pediatric-appropriate doses have recently been licensed for children with adrenal insufficiency. This study evaluated the bioavailability of hydrocortisone granules administered as sprinkles onto soft food and yogurt compared with direct administration to the back of the tongue.

Methods
Randomized, 3-period crossover study in 18 dexamethasone-suppressed healthy men. In each period, the fasted participants received 5 mg hydrocortisone granules either directly to the back of the tongue or sprinkled onto soft food (applesauce), or yogurt, followed by 240 mL of water. Serum cortisol was measured by liquid chromatography tandem mass spectometry.

Results
The cortisol geometric mean maximum concentration (Cmax) and area under the curve (AUC) for direct administration, sprinkles onto yogurt, and sprinkles onto soft food were: Cmax 428, 426, 427 nmol/L and AUC0-inf 859, 886, 844 h × nmol/L, and AUC0-t 853, 882, 838 h × nmol/L respectively. The 90% CI for the ratios of Cmax, AUC0-inf and AUC0-t for administration with soft food or yogurt to direct administration were well within the bioequivalent range, 80% to 125%. Median time to Cmax (Tmax) was similar between methods of administration: 0.63 hours administered directly, 0.75 hours on soft food and 0.75 hours on yogurt. No adverse events occurred during the study.

Conclusions
Hydrocortisone granules administered as sprinkles onto soft food or yogurt but not mixed with these foods are bioequivalent to those administered directly to the back of the tongue. Carers, parents, or patients may choose to administer hydrocortisone granules either directly or sprinkled onto soft food or yogurt.
Diabetes Mellitus–Related Fractional Glucose Uptake in Men and Women Imaged With 18F-FDG PET-CT
Authors: Waqas Komal , van Haard Paul M M , Postema Jan W A , Schweitzer Dave H 
Published: February 2019

AbstractContextCohort studies show that cognitive dysfunction and both vascular and Alzheimer’s dementia are more common in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM).ObjectiveTo review and compare brain volume and 18F-fluorodeoxyglucose (FDG) uptake in brain of individuals age 60 to 70 years with or without type 2 diabetes.DesignWe searched 620 medical records for negative 18FDG PET-CT scans obtained during 33 months. Records showing history of cognitive impairment, Alzheimer’s disease, neurologic disorders, any history of brain atrophy, or documented cerebral infarction on neuroimaging were excluded from the study.ResultsA total of 119 medical records met the inclusion criteria. Data from 63 women and 56 men (without T2DM, 86; with T2DM, 33) were analyzed. Brain volume was larger in men than women (mean ± SD, 1411 ± 225 cm3 vs 1325 ± 147 cm3, respectively; P = 0.02), but men had a significantly lower fractional glucose uptake (SUVgluc), calculated as fasting blood glucose × SUVmax. [median (minimum, maximum), 63.6 (34.6, 126.6) vs 70.0 (36.4, 134.3); P = 0.02]. Brain volume was also larger in persons without T2DM than in those with T2DM (1392 ± 172 cm3 vs 1269 ± 183 cm3; P &lt; 0.001), but SUVgluc was similar between these groups. Brain volume correlated with SUVgluc in both men and women overall (P &lt; 0.001) but not in men and women with T2DM (P = 0.20 and 0.36, respectively).ConclusionIn men without T2DM, median brain volume was larger and fractional glucose uptake was less than in women without T2DM. In men and women with T2DM, brain volume and fractional glucose uptake were similar. The findings support the hypothesis that fractional glucose uptake becomes impaired in men with T2DM.
Are North Korean Compatriots “Korean”? The Trifurcation of Ethnic Nationalism in South Korea during the Syngman Rhee Era (1948–60)
Authors: Kim Bumsoo 
Published: February 2019

Abstract
Focusing on the question of whether South Koreans’ notion of “we, the people of Korea” (uri taehan kungmin) included North Korean compatriots or not, this study examines the trifurcation of ethnic nationalism in South Korea during the Syngman Rhee era (1948–1960). Specifically, by analyzing columns and editorials of three Korean newspapers, Chosŏn ilbo, Tonga ilbo, and Kyŏnghyang sinmun, this study reveals that, following the division of Korea (1948), Korean nationalism trifurcated, at least in South Korea, into three different but closely related versions, each of which did not deny that historically all Koreans belonged to the same nation, but defined “we, the people of Korea” differently: (1) tanil minjok (one nation) nationalism, which included not only South Koreans but also North Korean compatriots in “we, the people of Korea”; (2) anticommunist nationalism, which included South Koreans and “patriotic compatriots” of North Korea in “we, the people of Korea” while excluding North Korean “commies”; and (3) Taehan Min’guk (the great ROK) nationalism, which identified only South Koreans as “we, the people of Korea.” In doing so, this study suggests that, as the division of Korea solidified after the Korean War, South Koreans began to “imagine” themselves as a different national community, separated from North Korean compatriots.
Anal cancer chemoradiotherapy outcome prediction using 18F-fluorodeoxyglucose positron emission tomography and clinicopathological factors
Authors: Rusten Espen , Rekstad Bernt Louni , Undseth Christine , Klotz Dagmar , Hernes Eivor , Guren Marianne Grønlie , Malinen Eirik 
Published: February 2019

Objective:
To assess the role of [18F]fluorodeoxyglucose (FDG) positron emission tomography (PET), obtained before and during chemoradiotherapy, in predicting locoregional failure relative to clinicopathological factors for patients with anal cancer.

Methods:
93 patients with anal squamous cell carcinoma treated with chemoradiotherapy were included in a prospective observational study (NCT01937780). FDG-PET/CT was performed for all patients before treatment, and for a subgroup (n = 39) also 2 weeks into treatment. FDG-PET was evaluated with standardized uptake values (SUVmax/peak/mean), metabolic tumor volume (MTV), total lesion glycolysis (TLG), and a proposed Z-normalized combination of MTV and SUVpeak (ZMP). The objective was to predict locoregional failure using FDG-PET, tumor and lymph node stage, gross tumor volume (GTV) and human papilloma virus (HPV) status in univariate and bivariate Cox regression analysis.

Results:
N3 lymph node stage, HPV negative tumor, GTV, MTV, TLG and ZMP were in univariate analysis significant predictors of locoregional failure (p &lt; 0.01), while SUVmax/peak/mean were not (p &gt; 0.2). In bivariate analysis HPV status was the most independent predictor in combinations with N3 stage, ZMP, TLG, and MTV (p &lt; 0.02). The FDG-PET parameters at 2 weeks into radiotherapy decreased by 30–40 % of the initial values, but neither absolute nor relative decrease improved the prediction models.

Conclusion:
Pre-treatment PET parameters are predictive of chemoradiotherapy outcome in anal cancer, although HPV negativity and N3 stage are the strongest single predictors. Predictions can be improved by combining HPV with PET parameters such as MTV, TLG or ZMP. PET 2 weeks into treatment does not provide added predictive value.

Advances in knowledge:
Pre-treatment PET parameters of anal cancer showed a predictive role independent of clinicopathological factors. Although the PET parameters show substantial reduction from pre- to mid-treatment, the changes were not predictive of chemoradiotherapy outcome.