bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Equivariant U(N) Verlinde algebra from Bethe/gauge correspondence
Authors: Kanno Hiroaki , Sugiyama Katsuyuki , Yoshida Yutaka 
Published: February 2019

AbstractWe compute the topological partition function (twisted index) of$$ \mathcal{N} $$N= 2 U(N) Chern-Simons theory with an adjoint chiral multiplet on Σg×S1. The localization technique shows that the underlying Frobenius algebra is the equivariant Verlinde algebra which is obtained from the canonical quantization of the complex Chern-Simons theory regularized by U(1) equivariant parametert. Our computation relies on a Bethe/Gauge correspondence which allows us to represent the equivariant Verlinde algebra in terms of the Hall-Littlewood polynomialsPλ(xB,t) with a specialization by Bethe rootsxBof theq-boson model. We confirm a proposed duality to the Coulomb branch limit of the lens space superconformal index of four dimensional$$ \mathcal{N} $$N= 2 theories for SU(2) and SU(3) with lower levels. In SU(2) case we also present more direct computation based on Jeffrey-Kirwan residue operation.
Information elaboration and epistemic effects of diversity
Authors: Steel Daniel , Fazelpour Sina , Crewe Bianca , Gillette Kinley 
Published: February 2019

AbstractWe suggest that philosophical accounts of epistemic effects of diversity have given insufficient attention to the relationship between demographic diversity and information elaboration (IE), the process whereby knowledge dispersed in a group is elicited and examined. We propose an analysis of IE that clarifies hypotheses proposed in the empirical literature and their relationship to philosophical accounts of diversity effects. Philosophical accounts have largely overlooked the possibility that demographic diversity may improve group performance by enhancing IE, and sometimes fail to explore the relationship between diversity and IE altogether. We claim these omissions are significant from both a practical and theoretical perspective. Moreover, we explain how the overlooked explanations suggest that epistemic benefits of diversity can depend on epistemically unjust social dynamics.
Hospitalization, surgery, and incident dementia
Authors: Eriksson Lars I. , Lundholm Cecilia , Narasimhalu Kaavya , Sandin Rolf , Jin Ya‐Ping , Gatz Margaret , Pedersen Nancy L. 
Published: February 2019

AbstractIntroductionWe evaluated whether hospitalization with or without surgery increases risk for dementia or Alzheimer's disease.MethodsA clinical sample (843 clinically diagnosed dementia cases; 1686 matched nondemented individuals) was identified from Swedish Twin Registry studies. A register‐based sample (4293 cases; 21,465 matched controls) was identified by linkage of Swedish Twin Registry to Swedish Patient Registry records. Apolipoprotein E (APOE) status and within‐pair comparisons of dementia discordant twins indicated genetic susceptibility.ResultsNonsurgical hospitalization is associated with greater dementia risk than hospitalization with surgical intervention. In the register sample, thoracic, abdominal, and major orthopedic procedures entailed dementia risk; in the clinical sample, orthopedic alone. Within‐pair analyses indicate that associations in part reflect genetic susceptibility in common to hospitalization and dementia. Potential gene‐environment interactions were indicated by greater risk due to hospitalization among APOE ε4 noncarriers.DiscussionWe confirm hospitalization as a risk factor for dementia, with repeated hospitalizations a more important risk factor than surgery.
Are Role and Gender Related to Sexual Function and Satisfaction in Men and Women Practicing BDSM?
Authors: Botta Daniela , Nimbi Filippo Maria , Tripodi Francesca , Silvaggi Marco , Simonelli Chiara 
Published: February 2019

Abstract

Background
Published studies show good psychological health of people involved in bondage-discipline, dominance-submission, and sadism-masochism (BDSM) activities; nevertheless, there are few studies on characteristics related to gender, role in the BDSM scene, sexual functioning, and satisfaction among BDSM practitioners.

Aim
The aim of this study was to explore gender and role differences, prevalence of sexual complaints, related distress, and sexual satisfaction in BDSM participants compared with the general population.

Methods
A group of 266 Italian consensual BDSM participants (141 men and 125 women) were recruited with a snowball sampling technique. An anonymous protocol, including self-reported ad hoc and validated questionnaires, was used. The control group was composed of 100 men and 100 women who were not significantly different from the BDSM group for the sociodemographic data and were randomly extracted from an Italian database on sexual functioning of the general population.

Main Outcome Measures
Self-reported demographic factors, including favorite and most frequent BDSM practices, the Sexual Complaint Screener, and the Sexual Satisfaction Scale, were completed by the participants.

Results
The mean age of the BDSM group was 41.42 ± 9.61 years old (range 18–74). Data showed a varied outlook of practices, fantasies, rules, and roles. With regard to concerns about BDSM activities (fantasies and behaviors), participants reported a very low self-declared degree of distress. The dominant and switch groups appear to be more satisfied and less concerned about sexuality than the general population and the submissive group. Role in the BDSM scene was the only significant predictor of sexual satisfaction, showing a medium effect size.

Clinical Implications
Results from this study could be helpful to inform sexual health care professionals and to reduce the stigma related to the BDSM population.

Strengths & Limitations
In general, this study may help to describe better some characteristics related to gender, role, sexual preferences, function, and satisfaction. The main limitation regards the sampling method, which does not allow us to consider the group as representative of BDSM participants in general.

Conclusion
Data showed a varied outlook of practices, fantasies, rules, and roles in both BDSM men and women. BDSM participants (especially dominant and switch groups) appear to be more satisfied and less concerned about sexuality than the general population. This is an attempt to increase the attention of researchers and health care professionals to this important topic and to improve the care provided to people with specific preferences and behaviors.
The Penile Sensitivity Ratio: A Novel Application of Biothesiometry to Assess Changes in Penile Sensitivity
Authors: Wiggins Adam , Farrell M. Ryan , Tsambarlis Peter , Levine Laurence A. 
Published: February 2019

Abstract

Introduction
Biothesiometry allows for evaluation of penile vibratory sensitivity and can be used as a non-invasive and rapid surrogate test of penile sexual sensitivity. However, no standardized measurement methodology currently exists.

Aim
To describe and optimize a novel, standardized biothesiometry parameter—the penile sensitivity ratio (PSR).

Methods
We reviewed all biothesiometry data from men presenting to our institution from July 2013–May 2017. 3 iterations of the PSR were evaluated using the threshold for vibratory detection from a combination of different input variables including the penile glans, penile shaft, index finger, and thigh. Numerator values for the PSR included the penile glans and penile shaft, whereas denominator inputs included the index finger and thigh. PSR is inversely correlated with penile sensitivity.

Main Outcome Measure
The primary outcome measure was the association between reported diminished penile sensitivity and PSR value. Secondary outcome measures were the association between PSR and age, diabetes, ejaculatory dysfunction, and Peyronie’s disease (PD).

Results
Biothesiometry data were evaluated from 1,239 men. Mean age was 53.2 years (SD 14.0 years). Diabetes was present in 7.4% (n = 92); 52.0% (n = 644) had PD. Ejaculatory dysfunction was identified in 15.8% (n = 196), with 12.2% (n = 151) having premature ejaculation and 3.6% (n = 45) reporting delayed ejaculation. Decreased penile sensitivity was reported in 20.3% (n = 252). 3 PSR iterations were analyzed to identify associations with decreased penile sensation. On univariate and multivariate analysis controlling for age, diabetes, ejaculatory dysfunction, and PD, only the PSR iteration, which included data from the penile glans and finger (PSRG/F), was significantly different between patients reporting diminished penile sensitivity and those without reported diminished sensitivity (univariate P &lt; .01, multivariate P = .03). On univariate analysis, a higher PSRG/F was associated with older age (P &lt; .01) and diabetes (P &lt; .01), whereas men with PD had a lower PSRG/F (P &lt; .01). On multivariate analysis, PSRG/F remained increased for age (P &lt; .01) and decreased for PD (P = .01); however, there was no association with diabetes (P = .12). No association existed between ejaculatory function and PSRG/F on univariate (P = .25) or multivariate analysis (P = .35).

Clinical Implications
The PSR may be used as a standardized biothesiometry parameter to evaluate penile sensitivity.

Strength & Limitations
This study included a large cohort of men undergoing biothesiometry (n = 1,239); however, it is limited by the multifactorial nature of perceived diminished penile sensitivity.

Conclusion
The PSR using penile glans and index finger input variables is a non-invasive, painless, office-based, standardized biothesiometry parameter that is a clinically useful tool for measuring penile sexual sensitivity.
Changes in outpatient antibiotic utilization, 2000–2016: More people are receiving fewer antibiotics
Authors: Cocoros Noelle M. , Ochoa Aileen , Klompas Michael 
Published: February 2019

AbstractWe examined annual outpatient antibiotic dispensings within a health insurance plan covering ∼970,000 members per year during 2000–2016. The proportion of members with antibiotic dispensings decreased from 33.3% in 2000 to 25.9% in 2016. This trend was consistent in all stratifications of age, race/ethnicity, sex, and comorbidities.
Healthcare provider diagnostic testing practices for identification of Clostridioides (Clostridium) difficile in children: an Emerging Infections Network survey
Authors: Kociolek Larry K. , Kutty Preeta K. , Polgreen Philip M. , Beekmann Susan E. 
Published: February 2019

AbstractObjective:To characterize healthcare provider diagnostic testing practices for identifying Clostridioides (Clostridium) difficile infection (CDI) and asymptomatic carriage in children.Design:Electronic survey.Methods:An 11-question survey was sent by e-mail or facsimile to all pediatric infectious diseases (PID) members of the Infectious Diseases Society of America’s Emerging Infections Network (EIN).Results:Among 345 eligible respondents who had ever responded to an EIN survey, 196 (57%) responded; 162 of these (83%) were aware of their institutional policies for CDI testing and management. Also, 159 (98%) respondents knew their institution’s C. difficile testing method: 99 (62%) utilize NAAT without toxin testing and 60 (38%) utilize toxin testing, either as a single test or a multistep algorithm. Of 153 respondents, 10 (7%) reported that formed stools were tested for C. difficile at their institution, and 76 of 151 (50%) reported that their institution does not restrict C. difficile testing in infants and young children. The frequency of symptom- and age-based testing restrictions did not vary between institutions utilizing NAAT alone compared to those utilizing toxin testing for C. difficile diagnosis. Of 143 respondents, 26 (16%) permit testing of neonatal intensive care unit patients and 12 of 26 (46%) treat CDI with antibiotics in this patient population.Conclusions:These data suggest that there are opportunities to improve CDI diagnostic stewardship practices in children, including among hospitals using NAATs alone for CDI diagnosis in children.
Psychopathology and early life stress in migrant youths: an analysis of the ‘Growing up in Ireland’ study
Authors: Cotter S. , Healy C. , Ni Cathain D. , Williams P. , Clarke M. , Cannon M. 
Published: February 2019

ObjectivesMigrant youths endure many challenges. Such challenges can be stressful and lead to psychological difficulties. We investigated the relationship between migration, psychopathology and stressful events in children and adolescents. We hypothesised that migrant youths would show higher levels of psychopathology and more stressful life events than non-migrant youths.MethodUsing the Child cohort (Cohort ‘98) of the ‘Growing up in Ireland’ study we investigated psychopathology, as measured by the Strengths and Difficulties questionnaire (SDQ) at age 9 and 13 and stressful life events in migrant and non-migrant youths.ResultsThere was no significant difference between the proportion of migrant and non-migrant youths reporting psychopathology in childhood (p>0.05) or adolescence (p>0.05). Analysis of the SDQ subscales revealed that a significantly greater proportion of migrant youths had hyperactivity problems in childhood (p = 0.04) but a greater proportion of non-migrant youths had emotional problems in early adolescence (p = 0.04). We found that migrant youths experienced significantly more stressful life events than their non-migrant counterparts (p<0.01), however, once ‘Moving house/country‘ was removed as a stressor, there was no difference between the groups (p>0.27).ConclusionsContrary to our hypothesis, we observed that there were few differences between migrant and non-migrant youths in the levels of psychopathology. Migrant youths experienced a greater number of stressful life events, however, this was attributable to stressors relating to moving. An increased understanding of the factors promoting resilience, as demonstrated by the migrant youths, could aid health professionals and policy makers to effectively tailor interventions for mental health promotion.
Spectra of a class of non-symmetric operators in Hilbert spaces with applications to singular differential operators
Authors: Sun Huaqing , Xie Bing 
Published: February 2019

AbstractThis paper is concerned with a class of non-symmetric operators, that is, 𝒥-symmetric operators, in Hilbert spaces. A sufficient condition for λ ∈ C being an element of the essential spectrum of a 𝒥-symmetric operator is given in terms of the number of linearly independent solutions of a certain homogeneous equation, and a characterization for points of the essential spectrum plus the set of all eigenvalues of a 𝒥-symmetric operator is obtained in terms of the numbers of linearly independent solutions of certain inhomogeneous equations. As direct applications, the corresponding results are obtained for singular 𝒥-symmetric Hamiltonian systems and their special forms of singular Sturm-Liouville equations with complex-valued coefficients, which enable us to study the spectra of singular 𝒥-symmetric differential expressions using numerous tools available in the fundamental theory of differential equations.
Positive solutions of semilinear elliptic problems with a Hardy potential
Authors: Bandle Catherine , Pozio Maria Assunta 
Published: February 2019

AbstractLet Ω ⊂ ℝNbe a bounded domain and δ(x) be the distance of a pointx∈ Ω to the boundary. We study the positive solutions of the problem Δu+ (μ/(δ(x)2))u=upinΩ, wherep> 0,p≠ 1 and μ ∈ ℝ, μ ≠ 0 is smaller than the Hardy constant. The interplay between the singular potential and the nonlinearity leads to interesting structures of the solution sets. In this paper, we first give the complete picture of the radial solutions in balls. In particular, we establish forp> 1 the existence of a unique large solution behaving like δ−(2/(p−1))at the boundary. In general domains, we extend the results of Bandle and Pozio and show that there exists a unique singular solutionsusuch that$u/\delta ^{\beta _-}\to c$on the boundary for an arbitrary positive function$c \in C^{2+\gamma }(\partial \Omega ) \, (\gamma \in (0,1)), c \ges 0$. Here β−is the smaller root of β(β − 1) + μ = 0.
Apathy Associated With Impaired Recognition of Happy Facial Expressions in Huntington’s Disease
Authors: Osborne-Crowley Katherine , Andrews Sophie C. , Labuschagne Izelle , Nair Akshay , Scahill Rachael , Craufurd David , Tabrizi Sarah J. , Stout Julie C. ,   the TRACK-HD Investigators
Published: February 2019

AbstractObjectives: Previous research has demonstrated an association between emotion recognition and apathy in several neurological conditions involving fronto-striatal pathology, including Parkinson’s disease and brain injury. In line with these findings, we aimed to determine whether apathetic participants with early Huntington’s disease (HD) were more impaired on an emotion recognition task compared to non-apathetic participants and healthy controls. Methods: We included 43 participants from the TRACK-HD study who reported apathy on the Problem Behaviours Assessment – short version (PBA-S), 67 participants who reported no apathy, and 107 controls matched for age, sex, and level of education. During their baseline TRACK-HD visit, participants completed a battery of cognitive and psychological tests including an emotion recognition task, the Hospital Depression and Anxiety Scale (HADS) and were assessed on the PBA-S. Results: Compared to the non-apathetic group and the control group, the apathetic group were impaired on the recognition of happy facial expressions, after controlling for depression symptomology on the HADS and general disease progression (Unified Huntington’s Disease Rating Scale total motor score). This was despite no difference between the apathetic and non-apathetic group on overall cognitive functioning assessed by a cognitive composite score. Conclusions: Impairment of the recognition of happy expressions may be part of the clinical picture of apathy in HD. While shared reliance on frontostriatal pathways may broadly explain associations between emotion recognition and apathy found across several patient groups, further work is needed to determine what relationships exist between recognition of specific emotions, distinct subtypes of apathy and underlying neuropathology. (JINS, 2019, 25, 453–461)
Vitamin D status in a multi-ethnic population of northern Norway: the SAMINOR 2 Clinical Survey
Authors: Petrenya Natalia , Lamberg-Allardt Christel , Melhus Marita , Broderstad Ann Ragnhild , Brustad Magritt 
Published: February 2019

AbstractObjectiveTo investigate serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D (S-25(OH)D) concentration in a multi-ethnic population of northern Norway and determine predictors of S-25(OH)D, including Sami ethnicity.DesignCross-sectional data from the second survey of the Population-based Study on Health and Living Conditions in Regions with Sami and Norwegian Populations (the SAMINOR 2 Clinical Survey, 2012–2014). S-25(OH)D was measured by the IDS-iSYS 25-Hydroxy Vitamin Dˢ assay. Daily dietary intake was assessed using an FFQ. BMI was calculated using weight and height measurements.SettingTen municipalities of northern Norway (latitude 68°–70°N).ParticipantsMales (n 2041) and females (n 2424) aged 40–69 years.ResultsMean S-25(OH)D in the study sample was 64·0 nmol/l and median vitamin D intake was 10·3 µg/d. The prevalence of S-25(OH)D<30 nmol/l was 1·9 % and <50 nmol/l was 24·7 %. In sex-specific multivariable linear regression models, older age, blood sample collection in September–October, solarium use, sunbathing holiday, higher alcohol intake (in females), use of cod-liver oil/fish oil supplements, use of vitamin/mineral supplements and higher intakes of vitamin D were significantly associated with higher S-25(OH)D, whereas being a current smoker and obesity were associated with lower S-25(OH)D. These factors explained 21–23 % of the variation in S-25(OH)D.ConclusionsThere were many modifiable risk factors related to S-25(OH)D, however no clear ethnic differences were found. Even in winter, the low prevalence of vitamin D deficiency found among participants with non-Sami, multi-ethnic Sami and Sami self-perceived ethnicity was likely due to adequate vitamin D intake.
Using SWISH to Realize Interactive Web-based Tutorials for Logic-based Languages
Authors: WIELEMAKER JAN , RIGUZZI FABRIZIO , KOWALSKI ROBERT A. , LAGER TORBJÖRN , SADRI FARIBA , CALEJO MIGUEL 
Published: February 2019

AbstractProgramming environments have evolved from purely text based to using graphical user interfaces, and now we see a move toward web-based interfaces, such as Jupyter. Web-based interfaces allow for the creation of interactive documents that consist of text and programs, as well as their output. The output can be rendered using web technology as, for example, text, tables, charts, or graphs. This approach is particularly suitable for capturing data analysis workflows and creating interactive educational material. This article describes SWISH, a web front-end for Prolog that consists of a web server implemented in SWI-Prolog and a client web application written in JavaScript. SWISH provides a web server where multiple users can manipulate and run the same material, and it can be adapted to support Prolog extensions. In this article we describe the architecture of SWISH, and describe two case studies of extensions of Prolog, namely Probabilistic Logic Programming and Logic Production System, which have used SWISH to provide tutorial sites.
“A New West in Mindanao”: Settler Fantasies on the U.S. Imperial Fringe
Authors: Charbonneau Oliver 
Published: February 2019

AbstractThis essay analyzes white settler formations in the Southern Philippines during the early decades of the twentieth century. Occupied by the United States in the wake of the Spanish-American War, the Muslim-majority regions of Mindanao and the Sulu Archipelago became sites of colonial experimentation and reconfiguration. This led to a brief-but-concerted push by Euro-American fortune seekers to settle the “Muslim South.” Supported by U.S. policy makers and colonial officials, white colonists were drawn to Mindanao-Sulu by visions of permanent settlement and limitless economic opportunity. This analysis contends that settler attempts to build a “white man's country” in the Southern Philippines were shaped by vernaculars and modes of conquest developed on the continental frontier. It interrogates the creation of transoceanic frontier spaces in Mindanao-Sulu and the practical attempts to exploit them, which drew inspiration from diverse sources in the American West and across the colonized globe. In its study of settler fortunes and failures, the essay blurs distinctions between national and imperial peripheries, and contributes to a growing scholarly interest in reassessing the importance of U.S. extraterritorial possessions in the late nineteenth and early twentieth centuries.
AN ABSTRACT APPROACH TO CONSEQUENCE RELATIONS
Authors: CINTULA PETR , GIL-FÉREZ JOSÉ , MORASCHINI TOMMASO , PAOLI FRANCESCO 
Published: February 2019

AbstractWe generalise the Blok–Jónsson account of structural consequence relations, later developed by Galatos, Tsinakis and other authors, in such a way as to naturally accommodate multiset consequence. While Blok and Jónsson admit, in place of sheer formulas, a wider range of syntactic units to be manipulated in deductions (including sequents or equations), these objects are invariablyaggregatedvia set-theoretical union. Our approach is more general in that nonidempotent forms of premiss and conclusion aggregation, including multiset sum and fuzzy set union, are considered. In their abstract form, thus,deductive relationsare defined as additional compatible preorderings over certain partially ordered monoids. We investigate these relations using categorical methods and provide analogues of the main results obtained in the general theory of consequence relations. Then we focus on the driving example of multiset deductive relations, providing variations of the methods of matrix semantics and Hilbert systems in Abstract Algebraic Logic.