bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Survival, Quality of Life, and Functional Status Following Prolonged ICU Stay in Cardiac Surgical Patients: A Systematic Review
Authors: Trivedi Vatsal , Bleeker Helena , Kantor Navot , Visintini Sarah , McIsaac Daniel I. , McDonald Bernard 
Published: November 2018

Objectives:Compared with noncardiac critical illness, critically ill postoperative cardiac surgical patients have different underlying pathophysiologies, are exposed to different processes of care, and thus may experience different outcome trajectories. Our objective was to systematically review the outcomes of cardiac surgical patients requiring prolonged intensive care with respect to survival, residential status, functional recovery, and quality of life in both hospital and long-term follow-up.Data Sources:MEDLINE, Embase, CINAHL, Web of Science, and Dissertations and Theses Global up to July 21, 2017.Study Selection:Studies were included if they assessed hospital or long-term survival and/or patient-centered outcomes in adult patients with prolonged ICU stays following major cardiac surgery. After screening 10,159 citations, 114 articles were reviewed in full; a final 34 articles met criteria for data extraction.Data Extraction:Two reviewers independently extracted data and assessed risk of bias using the National Institutes of Health Quality Assessment Tool for Observational Studies. Extracted data included the used definition of prolonged ICU stay, number and characteristics of prolonged ICU stay patients, and any comparator short stay group, length of follow-up, hospital and long-term survival, residential status, patient-centered outcome measure used, and relevant score.Data Synthesis:The definition of prolonged ICU stay varied from 2 days to greater than 14 days. Twenty-eight studies observed greater in-hospital mortality among all levels of prolonged ICU stay. Twenty-five studies observed greater long-term mortality among all levels of prolonged ICU stay. Multiple tools were used to assess patient-centered outcomes. Long-term health-related quality of life and function was equivalent or worse with prolonged ICU stay.Conclusions:We found consistent evidence that patients with increases in ICU length of stay beyond 48 hours have significantly increasing risk of hospital and long-term mortality. The significant heterogeneity in exposure and outcome definitions leave us unable to precisely quantify the risk of prolonged ICU stay on mortality and patient-centered outcomes.
Syringocystadenoma Papilliferum of the Anogenital Area and Buttocks: A Report of 16 Cases, Including Human Papillomavirus Analysis and HRAS and BRAF V600 Mutation Studies
Authors: Konstantinova Anastasia M. , Kyrpychova Liubov , Nemcova Jana , Sedivcova Monica , Bisceglia Michele , Kutzner Heinz , Zamecnik Michal , Sehnalkova Eva , Pavlovsky Michal , Zateckova Kamila , Shvernik Sergej , Spurkova Zuzana , Michal Michal , Kerl Katrin , Kazakov Dmitry V. 
Published: November 2018

Abstract:
Syringocystadenoma papilliferum (SCAP) is a benign tumor most commonly located on the head and neck area often associated with nevus sebaceus. In its usual location, the human papillomavirus (HPV) DNA and mutations in the RAS/mitogen-activated protein kinase signaling pathway have been detected in SCAP. We studied 16 cases of SCAP in the anogenital areas and buttock where this neoplasm is rare and attempted to find out whether SCAP in these sites have different histopathological and molecular biological features. It seems that there is no significant difference between the morphology of anogenital SCAP and SCAP in other locations. Several tumors in our cohort demonstrated features resembling those seen in warts, but HPV DNA was not found in these lesions. On the contrary, we identified DNA of HPV high-risk types in some tumors without HPV-related morphology. Our study confirms the role of HRAS and BRAF V600 mutations in the pathogenesis of SCAP, including SCAP in the anogenital areas and buttock.
Differential Susceptibility to the Environment and Borderline Personality Disorder
Authors: Rioux Charlie , Séguin Jean R. , Paris Joel 
Published: November 2018

AbstractEvolutionary models of psychopathology can shed light on gene-environment interactions. Differential susceptibility to the environment means that heritable traits can have positive or negative effects, depending on environmental context. Thus, traits that increase risk for mental disorders when the environment is negative can be adaptive when the environment is positive. This model can be applied to borderline personality disorder, with predictors such as emotional dysregulation and impulsivity seen as temperamental variations leading to negative effects in an unfavorable environment but to positive effects in a favorable environment. This model may also be useful in conceptualizing the mechanisms of effective therapy for borderline personality disorder.
Pain and Depression: A Systematic Review
Authors: IsHak Waguih William , Wen Raymond Y. , Naghdechi Lancer , Vanle Brigitte , Dang Jonathan , Knosp Michelle , Dascal Julieta , Marcia Lobsang , Gohar Yasmine , Eskander Lidia , Yadegar Justin , Hanna Sophia , Sadek Antonious , Aguilar-Hernandez Leslie , Danovitch Itai , Louy Charles 
Published: November 2018

Abstract

Background
Pain comorbid with depression is frequently encountered in clinical settings and often leads to significant impaired functioning. Given the complexity of comorbidities, it is important to address both pain and depressive symptoms when evaluating treatment options.

Aim
To review studies addressing pain comorbid with depression, and to report the impact of current treatments.

Method
A systematic search of the literature databases was conducted according to predefined criteria. Two authors independently conducted a focused analysis of the full-text articles and reached a consensus on 28 articles to be included in this review.

Results
Overall, studies suggested that pain and depression are highly intertwined and may co-exacerbate physical and psychological symptoms. These symptoms could lead to poor physical functional outcomes and longer duration of symptoms. An important biochemical basis for pain and depression focuses on serotonergic and norepinephrine systems, which is evident in the pain-ameliorating properties of serotonergic and norepinephrine antidepressants. Alternative pharmacotherapies such as ketamine and cannabinoids appear to be safe and effective options for improving depressive symptoms and ameliorating pain. In addition, cognitive-behavioral therapy may be a promising tool in the management of chronic pain and depression.

Conclusion
The majority of the literature indicates that patients with pain and depression experience reduced physical, mental, and social functioning as opposed to patients with only depression or only pain. In addition, ketamine, psychotropic, and cognitive-behavioral therapies present promising options for treating both pain and depression.
Effect of High-Dose Vitamin D Supplementation on Upper Respiratory Tract Infection Symptom Severity in Healthy Children
Authors: Hueniken Katrina , Aglipay Mary , Birken Catherine S. , Parkin Patricia C. , Loeb Mark B. , Thorpe Kevin E. , Dai David W. H. , Laupacis Andreas , Mamdani Muhammad , Mazzulli Tony , Maguire Jonathon L. 
Published: November 2018

Background:
Observational studies support the role of vitamin D in reducing viral upper respiratory tract infection (URTI) symptom severity in adults and children. This study assessed whether wintertime high-dose vitamin D supplementation (2000 IU/day) reduces URTI symptom severity compared with standard-dose (400 IU/day) supplementation in preschool children. Secondary objectives were to assess effects of high-dose supplementation on outpatient physician visits, emergency department (ED) visits and antibiotic prescriptions for URTI.

Methods:
This was a secondary analysis of a multisite randomized clinical trial involving 703 healthy 1- to 5-year-old children in Toronto, Canada. High-dose or standard-dose oral vitamin D was randomly assigned for 1 winter season. For each URTI, parents completed symptom checklists based on the Canadian Acute Respiratory and Flu Scale. Symptom severity, frequency of outpatient visits, ED visits and antibiotic prescriptions for URTI between groups were analyzed using negative binomial regression.

Results:
URTI symptom severity was not reduced in the high-dose vs. standard-dose group [incidence rate ratio (IRR) = 0.97; 95% confidence interval (CI): 0.76–1.23]. High-dose vitamin D did not decrease frequency of outpatient visits (IRR = 1.16; 95% CI: 0.84–1.60), ED visits (IRR = 1.17; 95% CI: 0.57–2.40) or antibiotic prescriptions (IRR=1.02; 95% CI: 0.61–1.72). Serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D was higher in the high-dose group (48.7 ng/mL; 95% CI: 46.9–50.5) than the standard-dose group (36.8 ng/mL; 95% CI: 35.4–38.2; P < 0.001).

Conclusions:
High-dose vitamin D supplementation did not reduce URTI symptom severity, outpatient visits, ED visits or antibiotic prescriptions relative to standard-dose. These results do not support vitamin D supplementation above the standard recommended dose for reducing URTI symptoms in children.
Effect of Endostar combined with chemotherapy in advanced well-differentiated pancreatic neuroendocrine tumors
Authors: Cheng Yue-Juan , Meng Chang-Ting , Ying Hong-Yan , Zhou Jian-Feng , Yan Xiao-Yan , Gao Xin , Zhou Na , Bai Chun-Mei 
Published: November 2018

Abstract
The aim of the present study was to assess the effect of Endostar and temozolomide or dacarbazine plus 5-fluorouracil (5-FU) in patients with advanced pancreatic neuroendocrine tumors (pNETs).
Phase II study of 14 patients with locally advanced or metastatic well-differentiated pNETs treated between April 2013 and September 2016. Patients received temozolomide or dacarbazine plus 5-FU, and Endostar. The primary outcome was the radiographic response rate.
All 14 patients had nonfunctional pNETs. Six patients received temozolomide and 8 received dacarbazine + 5-FU, combined with Endostar. Thirteen patients were assessable for treatment response: 1(7%) with complete response, 5 (39%) with partial response, 5 (39%) with stable disease, and 2 (15%) with progression. The median progression-free survival was 12 months. The most common grade 1/2 toxicities were neutropenia (43%) and leucopenia (21%).
Endostar combined with temozolomide or dacarbazine + 5-FU was effective in the treatment of advanced pNETs. The combinations were well tolerated.
Effectiveness of Chinese herbal medicine Ping Chuan Ke Li for the management of mild/moderate persistent asthma
Authors: Li Zhu-Ying , Tian Chun-Yan , Wang Xue-Hui , Liu Ya-Fang 
Published: November 2018

Abstract
This study assessed the effectiveness and safety of Chinese herbal medicine Ping Chuan Ke Li (PCKL) for the treatment of patients with mild/ moderate persistent asthma.
A total of 108 eligible patients with persistent asthma were included and were divided into a treatment group and a control group in this retrospective study. All 108 patients underwent oral montelukast. Additionally, subjects in the treatment group also received PCKL therapy. All patients in both groups were treated for a total of 1 month. The primary outcome of lung function was evaluated by the forced expiratory volume in one second (FEV1) and FEV1/forced vital capacity (FVC). The secondary outcome of quality of life was assessed by St. George's Respiratory Questionnaire (SGRQ). Moreover, adverse events (AEs) were also recorded in this study. All outcome measurements were assessed after 1-month treatment.
After 1-month treatment, patients in the treatment group did not demonstrate better outcome in the improvement of lung function, measured by FEV1 (P =.57, table 2), and FEV1/FVC (P =.29); and enhancement of quality of life, measured by SGRQ scale (total, P =.37; symptom, P =.32; activity, P =.39; impact, P =.83). In addition, no AEs differ between 2 groups.
The results of this study showed that Chinese herbal PCKL may not benefit for patients with mild/moderate persistent asthma after 1-month treatment.
Oral tranexamic acid reduces blood loss in total-knee arthroplasty
Authors: Li Hua , Bai Liqun , Li Yunhai , Fang Zhiyuan 
Published: November 2018

Abstract

Background:
Postoperative hemorrhage following total-knee arthroplasty (TKA) remains an important topic. The objective of the meta-analysis is to assess the effectiveness of oral antifibrinolytics for blood management in patients undergoing TKA.

Methods:
We searched Medline (1966 to August 2018), PubMed (1966 to August 2018), Embase (1980 to August 2018), ScienceDirect (1985 to August 2018), and the Web of Science (1995 to August 2018) for randomized control trials (RCTs). To assess the heterogeneity of study trial and determine the model for analysis (random-effect model or fixed-effect model), I
2 tests and Chi-squared were conducted. We utilized the STATA 12.0 (StataCorp, College Station, TX) to perform all statistical analyses.

Results:
A total of 5 RCTs met our inclusion criteria. This meta-analysis shows that there are significant differences between the 2 groups regarding total blood loss, hemoglobin reduction, and transfusion rates. In addition, no adverse effects were identified in treatment groups.

Conclusion:
The oral form of antifibrinolytics in TKA is able to significantly decrease blood loss, postoperative hemoglobin reduction, as well as transfusion requirements. No increased risk of postoperative complications was observed. Higher quality RCTs is necessary to confirm our finding.
Concomitant breast and axillary lymphangioma in an adult
Authors: Park Taejin , Lee Han Shin , Jung Eun Jung , Kim Ju Yeon , Jeong Chi Young , Ju Young Tae , Lee Young Joon , Hong Soon Chan , Choi Bo Hwa , An Hyo Jung 
Published: November 2018

Abstract

Rationale:
Lymphangiomas develop in the head, neck, and axilla of patients <2 years old in more than 90% of cases. They are rarely reported in adults.

Patient concerns:
Here, we report on a 37-year-old woman with a firm, hypoechoic 3.3 cm mass in the right upper, outer quadrant of the breast with discomfort, and swelling of the right axillary region.

Diagnosis and interventions:
She underwent wide excision of the right breast and axillary lesion and the lesion pathologic finding is lymphangioma of the breast.

Outcomes:
She was in good condition with no signs of postoperative complications and no evidence of recurrence at 6 months postsurgery.

Lessons:
Despite the rarity of breast cystic lymphangioma, its evaluation should be considered for prompt diagnosis and definitive treatment to prevent recurrence and complications. Furthermore, this is the first case of concomitant lymphangioma of the breast parenchyma and axillary region.
Beneficial effects of combined administration of Clopidogrel and Aspirin on the levels of proinflammatory cytokines, cardiac function, and prognosis in ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction
Authors: Yu Hai-Rong , Wei Yue-Yue , Ma Jian-Guo , Geng Xiao-Yong 
Published: November 2018

Abstract

Objective:
Both Aspirin and Clopidogrel are considered as effective drugs in decreasing ischemic events, which potentially contribute to a promising application regarding the cardiovascular events. In the present study, we evaluated the efficacy of the combination of both Clopidogrel and Aspirin to determine the influence among inflammatory factors, cardiac function, and treatment outcome of patients suffering from ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI) in the Hebei province of China.

Methods:
To compare the efficacy of this combination therapy with a single Aspirin treatment, we experimented in 68 patients with the administration of both Clopidogrel and Aspirin as well as another 68 patients administered only with Aspirin. An enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay was used to measure the expression of inflammatory factors, thereby evaluating the effect on inflammation. In addition, a series of indexes related to cardiac function and renal function were monitored by use of a color Doppler ultrasound and an automatic biochemical analyzer, respectively. Myocardial injury-related indicators were detected. A multivariate logistic regression analysis was performed so we could identify potential risk factors. In addition, both postoperative hemorrhages and cardiac events were observed to evaluate the treatment outcome of patients with STEMI.

Results:
Initially, the treatment outcome revealed a better efficacy in patients treated with the combination of both Clopidogrel and Aspirin, with the patients also showing more obviously alleviated myocardial injury, better cardiac and renal functions with lower serum levels of inflammatory factors. The lower incidence of postinfarction angina, recurrent myocardial infarction, stroke, and death also provide evidence that patients showed a better outcome after treatment with both Clopidogrel and Aspirin.

Conclusion:
Taken together, the combination therapy of Clopidogrel and Aspirin provided a better improvement on both the cardiac function and outcome of STEMI patients in the Hebei province of China, with reduced inflammation as well.
Clinicopathologic characteristics in patients with upper third gastric cancer following radical surgical treatment
Authors: Ma Xiaoming , Zhou Wei , Wang Cheng , Miao Wei , Liu Ning , Wang Shigui , Guan Shihao 
Published: November 2018

Abstract
The incidences of upper third gastric cancer (UTGC) have been increasing. However, the prognostic factors for UTGC following radical surgical treatment remains largely unknown. This study was to investigate prognostic factors for overall survival (OS), lymph node metastasis and recurrence of UTGC.
Clinicopathologic data of 126 UTGC patients who underwent radical surgical treatment were retrospectively analyzed. OS and univariate analysis were determined by Kaplan–Meier analysis and the significance of the difference between curves was calculated with the log-rank test. The Cox proportional hazards regression model was applied to perform multivariate analysis. Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve analysis was used to determine the prognostic accuracy.
The 1-, 3-, and 5-year OS for patients with UTGC were 81%, 47.6%, and 38.6% respectively. Univariate analysis showed that tumor size (P = .019), tumor invasion depth (P < .001), and lymph node metastasis (P < .001) were the risk factors for 5-year OS. Multivariate analysis identified tumor invasion depth (P < .001) and lymph node metastasis (P < .001) as independent prognostic factors for the 5-year OS in patients with UTGC. In addition, ROC curve analysis showed that tumor invasion depth (P = .017) or lymph node metastasis (P = .001) alone showed significantly effective prognosis for the 5-year OS in patients with UTGC. For UTGC patients with lymph node metastasis, tumor size (P = .023), lym embolism (P = .003), tumor invasion depth (P = .002), and invasion of tunica serosa (P = .004) were the risk factors for the 5-year OS. Multivariate analysis identified tumor size (P = .048), lym embolism (P = .032), tumor invasion depth (P = .004), and invasion of tunica serosa (P = .031) as independent prognostic factors for the 5-year OS. For UTGC patients with distant metastasis or tumor recurrence, univariate and multivariate analyses demonstrated that tumor invasion depth and lymph node metastasis were independent prognostic factors for the 5-year OS.
The results suggested that for UPGC patients undergoing the radical surgical treatment, tumor invasion depth and/or lymph node metastasis are the independent prognostic factors for the 5-year OS, lymph node metastasis, distant metastasis and tumor recurrence.
Molecular analysis of hemoglobinopathies in a large ethnic Hakka population in southern China
Authors: Zhao Pingsen , Wu Heming , Weng Ruiqiang 
Published: November 2018

Abstract
Thalassemia is an inherited autosomal recessive disorder with microcytic hypochromic anemia resulting from reduced or absent synthesis of 1 or more of the globin chains of hemoglobin. This study provided the insight into prevalence and molecular characterization of thalassemia in Hakka population. 14,524 unrelated subjects were included in our study from January 2015 to November 2017. All the subjects were detected by hematological analysis, hemoglobin electrophoresis analysis, and molecular diagnosis (gap-polymerase chain reaction and flow-through hybridization technology). Data analysis was used to compare allele frequencies between the Hakka populations. Seven thousand four hundred twenty-two cases of microcytosis were found. The percentage of microcytosis in Meizhou, Ganzhou, and Heyuan was 50.91% (6738/13,236), 51.27% (445/868), and 56.90% (239/420), respectively. A total of 5516 mutant chromosomes were identified, including 3775 α-thalassemia and 1741 β-thalassemia. --SEA/αα was the most common α-thalassemia genotype, followed by -α3.7/αα and -α4.2/αα, accounted for 84.92% of α-thalassemia genotypes. Twelve kinds of mutations and 26 genotypes in β-thalassemia were found. IVS-II-654(C→T), CD41-42(-TCTT), −28(A→G), and CD17(A→T) alleles accounted for 92.65% of these mutations. IVS-II-654/N, CD41-42/N, -28/N, CD17/N genotypes accounted for 91.53% of β-thalassemia genotypes. 27 fetuses with at-risk pregnancies were subjected to prenatal diagnosis. Five fetuses were Bart's hydrops syndrome and 2 fetuses with β-thalassemia major. There were some differences in molecular characterization of thalassemia among Hakka people in different areas of southern China. Our results enriched the related information of thalassemia in the region, which provided valuable references for the prevention and control of thalassemia.
Soshiho-tang for treating common cold in children younger than 12 years
Authors: Jung Jieun , Park Jihun , Choi Jun-Yong , Lee Ju Ah 
Published: November 2018

Abstract

Background:
Soshiho-tang (SST) is widely used to treat common cold in East Asian countries. Many clinical trials assessing the efficacy and safety of SST formulas for the treatment of pediatric common cold have been reported. The aim of this systematic review is to assess the available clinical evidence on the use of SST formulas in the treatment for common cold in children younger than 12 years.

Methods:
Fifteen databases will be searched from their inception until March 2019. We will be including the randomized controlled trials (RCTs) assessing all types of SST formulas used in the treatment of common cold in children younger than 12 years. The methodological qualities of the RCTs will be assessed using the Cochrane Collaboration tool for assessing the risk of bias, while confidence in the cumulative evidence will be evaluated using the Grading of Recommendations Assessment, Development and Evaluation instrument.

Ethics and dissemination:
This systematic review will be published in a peer-reviewed journal and will also be disseminated electronically and in print. The review will be updated to inform and guide health care practices.