bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Complexity of charged self-gravitating system in f(R,G) theory
Authors: Bhatti M. Z. , Khlopov Maxim Yu. , Shrahili Mansour , Rehman A. , Yousaf Z. 
Published: December 2024

This research paper aims to redefine the complexity factor in [Formula: see text] gravity and the appearance of electric charge, where [Formula: see text] is the Ricci scalar and [Formula: see text] is the Gauss–Bonnet term. In this context, we intend to analyze the splitting of the Riemann tensor after considering the anisotropic distribution of the charged fluid related to the spherically symmetric spacetime. We interpret [Formula: see text] as the complexity factor among all the determined structural scalars that encompasses the characteristics of anisotropic pressure and the effective representation of the energy density. The correction terms associated with modified theory are considered to calculate some significant results related to the Weyl scalar, Tolman mass, and the complexity factor (CF). Moreover, the expression for CF is established by using the structure scalars determined in our paper, and the diminishing complexity restraint is utilized to determine the solutions for the various models. The celestial object having non-uniform energy density and anisotropic pressure asserts the maximum intricacy. But, if the effects of non-uniform energy density and anisotropic distribution of pressure are eradicated due to the presence of dark source terms associated with modified gravity then these fluids may not exhibit any complexity. Consequently, it is revealed that the constituents of effective and electromagnetic parts directly influence the structure scalars and CF.
Retrospective Analysis of Coronavirus SARS‐CoV‐2 Antibody Levels in COVID‐19 Convalescent Plasma From Blood Donors
Authors: He Ji , Zhang Yanjun , Dong Jie , Zhang Wei , Zhu Faming 
Published: December 2024

Objective: To detect and analyze coronavirus SARS‐CoV‐2 antibody levels in convalescent plasma from donors who have recovered from COVID‐19.Methods: Plasma samples from 88 donors aged 20–54 years who were diagnosed with COVID‐19 and who were eligible to donate from Zhejiang Province, China, were collected as the experimental group, and 56 samples from healthy blood donors were used as controls. Anti‐SARS‐CoV‐2 antibodies, including Ab and IgM, were detected via chemiluminescent immunoassay, and neutralizing antibodies were measured via the microneutralization method.Results: The positive rates of total and IgM antibodies against SARS‐CoV‐2 were 97.7% (86/88) and 52.3% (46/88), respectively, in the plasma samples of 88 patients who recovered from COVID‐19. After 160 and 320 dilutions of the total antibody‐positive samples, the positive rates were 61.6% (53/86) and 39.5% (34/86), respectively. The titer of neutralizing antibodies was 16–256 in 53 SARS‐CoV‐2‐positive samples after 160‐fold dilution of total antibodies. The titer of neutralizing antibody was 48–256 in 34 samples that were still positive after 320‐fold dilution of total antibody. Among the 88 samples, 86 had titers > 4, and 10 had high titers > 80. In 2 patients with neutralizing antibody titers < 4, SARS‐CoV‐2 total antibody and IgM antibodies were negative. The correlation coefficient between total antibody strength and neutralizing antibody titer was 0.5198 (high correlation). The total antibody and IgM antibodies of 56 healthy blood donors were negative.Conclusions: There are individual differences in plasma antibody titers among convalescent patients. Antibody detection is helpful for screening out plasma with high antibody titers for the treatment of patients with severe disease.
Guided Bone Regeneration: CGF and PRF Combined With Various Types of Scaffolds—A Systematic Review
Authors: Inchingolo Francesco , Inchingolo Angelo Michele , Latini Giulia , Ruvo Elisabetta de , Campanelli Merigrazia , Palermo Andrea , Fabbro Massimo Del , Blasio Marco Di , Inchingolo Alessio Danilo , Dipalma Gianna 
Published: December 2024

Objective: Bone regeneration plays a pivotal role in modern oral surgery, particularly in facilitating successful implant‐prosthetic rehabilitation. This systematic review explores the regenerative potential of growth factors, such as platelet‐rich fibrin (PRF) and concentrated growth factors (CGFs), when combined with various types of scaffolds in bone augmentation procedures, including guided bone regeneration, split crest, sinus lift (SL), and alveolar ridge preservation.Method: A comprehensive search strategy yielded 18 relevant studies, which were analyzed for bone formation and stabilization outcomes.Results: Results indicate that PRF enhances bone regeneration and stabilization in SL and ridge augmentation procedures, while CGFs facilitate surgical techniques and augment bone. However, some studies did not report significant differences. Growth factors also demonstrate benefits in wound healing, reducing bone resorption, and enhancing socket preservation.Conclusion: Despite valuable insights, further research is needed to comprehensively understand the characteristics of growth factors in various surgical interventions, ensuring informed decision‐making in bone regeneration surgery.
Tumor-Intrinsic Kinome Landscape of Pancreatic Cancer Reveals New Therapeutic Approaches
Authors: Xu Yi , Peng Xianlu L. , East Michael P. , McCabe Ian C. , Stroman Grace C. , Jenner Madison R. , Chan Priscilla S. , Morrison Ashley B. , Shen Emily C. , Hererra Silvia G. , Joisa Chinmaya U. , Rashid Naim U. , Iuga Alina C. , Gomez Shawn M. , Miller-Phillips Lisa , Boeck Stefan , Heinemann Volker , Haas Michael , Ormanns Steffen , Johnson Gary L. , Yeh Jen Jen 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
Effective therapies for pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) have been largely elusive. In this study, we perform multiplexed kinase inhibitor bead mass spectrometry on 102 patient-derived xenografts derived from 14 unique primary PDACs to define the tumor-intrinsic kinome landscape. Our findings uncover three kinome subgroups making up two tumor-intrinsic kinome subtypes that we call kinotypes. The kinotypes show enrichment of different kinase classes and recapitulate previously described molecular subtypes, basal-like and classical. The kinotype characterizing basal-like tumors shows enrichment of receptor tyrosine kinases, whereas the kinotype characterizing classical tumors is enriched in understudied kinases involved in Wnt signaling and immune pathways. We validate our findings in two clinical trials and show that only patients with basal-like tumors derive significant benefit from EGFR inhibitors. Our results provide a comprehensive tumor-intrinsic kinome landscape of PDAC that strongly supports actionable kinotype-specific kinase targets and provides a roadmap for kinase inhibitor therapy in PDAC.

Significance:
We provide a comprehensive tumor-intrinsic kinome landscape that provides a roadmap for the use of kinase inhibitors in PDAC treatment approaches.
Orthostatic and Standing Hypertension and Risk of Cardiovascular Disease
Authors: Dooley Sean W. , Larbi Kwapong Fredrick , Col Hannah , Turkson-Ocran Ruth-Alma N. , Ngo Long H. , Cluett Jennifer L. , Mukamal Kenneth J. , Lipsitz Lewis A. , Zhang Mingyu , Daya Natalie R. , Selvin Elizabeth , Lutsey Pamela L. , Coresh Josef , Windham Beverly Gwen , Wagenknecht Lynne E. , Juraschek Stephen P. 
Published: December 2024

BACKGROUND:
Orthostatic hypertension is an emerging risk factor for adverse events. Recent consensus statements combine an increase in blood pressure upon standing with standing hypertension, but whether these 2 components have similar risk associations with cardiovascular disease (CVD) is unknown.

METHODS:
The ARIC study (Atherosclerosis Risk in Communities) measured supine and standing blood pressure during visit 1 (1987–1989). We defined systolic orthostatic increase (a rise in systolic blood pressure [SBP] ≥20 mm Hg, standing minus supine blood pressure) and elevated standing SBP (standing SBP ≥140 mm Hg) to examine the new consensus statement definition (rise in SBP ≥20 mm Hg and standing SBP ≥140 mm Hg). We used Cox regression to examine associations with incident coronary heart disease, heart failure, stroke, fatal coronary heart disease, and all-cause mortality.

RESULTS:
Of 11 369 participants (56% female; 25% Black adults; mean age, 54 years) without CVD at baseline, 1.8% had systolic orthostatic increases, 20.1% had standing SBP ≥140 mm Hg, and 1.3% had systolic orthostatic increases with standing SBP ≥140 mm Hg. During up to 30 years of follow-up, orthostatic increases were not significantly associated with any of the adverse outcomes of interest, while standing SBP ≥140 mm Hg was significantly associated with all end points. In joint models comparing systolic orthostatic increases and standing SBP ≥140 mm Hg, standing SBP ≥140 mm Hg was significantly associated with a higher risk of CVD, and associations differed significantly from systolic orthostatic increases.

CONCLUSIONS:
Unlike systolic orthostatic increases, standing SBP ≥140 mm Hg was strongly associated with CVD outcomes and death. These differences in CVD risk raise important concerns about combining systolic orthostatic increases and standing SBP ≥140 mm Hg in a consensus definition for orthostatic hypertension.
Subgrouping the Old English Dialects Using Historical Glottometry
Authors: den Hertog Simon 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
The Northumbrian and Mercian dialects of Old English, collectively called Anglian, are considered closely related, while a kinship between West Saxon and Kentish is only sometimes remarked upon. This article makes the arguments in favour of these subgroupings explicit and tests them using Historical Glottometry, to conclude that Old English was divided into two dialectal blocs, Anglian and Saxo-Kentish. However, prescriptivism and dogmatic adherence to the quadripartition of the Old English dialects have muddied the waters somewhat.
Corrigenda und Addenda zu den Etymologien von ahd. musina und slav. (?) cumin
Authors: Bichlmeier Harald , Steindl Florian 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
This article clarifies the etymologies of the Old High German glosses musina and cumin. It will be shown that musina can indeed be etymologized as originally Slavic (though some details must be added to an older explanation), while cumin is more likely to be an Old High German loanword from Slavic, because the way the word is spelled cannot be explained, if the word is Slavic.
On the ‘De-anthropomorphisation’ of the Narrator
Authors: Sun Shaowen 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
The prevalent belief in narrative studies that a narrator can appear as a character or possess a personality often leads to confusion and misunderstandings. Characters fundamentally exist within the story, including the narrating character who should be seen as a presence similar to the author of the story rather than a ‘character narrator’. Furthermore, the narrator does not possess a personality, as its moral aspects primarily stem from the implied author or the characters. The narrator’s existence relies on its function, serving as a proxy for executing the intentions of the implied author (sometimes transferred as the intentions of the characters), selecting narrative elements, organising them into text, and guiding the recipient’s interpretive process. This perspective likens the narrator to the frame of a narrative, transforming it into a representation separate from the real world. De-anthropomorphising the narrator can have implications for several key narratology issues.
Weakening of Tropical Free-Tropospheric Temperature Gradients with Global Warming
Authors: Quan Heng , Zhang Yi , Fueglistaler Stephan 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
The weak temperature gradients in the tropical free troposphere due to the vanishing Coriolis force near the equator lead to a strong dynamical coupling over the entire tropics. Using theory and a suite of targeted model experiments, we show that the weak temperature gradients further weaken under global warming. We show that the temperature gradient is set by the circulation strength, with a weaker circulation being associated with weaker gradients. Thus, the known scaling difference between atmospheric radiative cooling and static stability that leads to a slowdown of the circulation under warming also leads to a weakening of the temperature gradients in the tropical free troposphere. The impact from the weakening circulation on the weakening of temperature gradients is shown to dominate over the impact of masked CO2 forcing and the El Niño–like tropical Pacific warming pattern in model projections. Key to the result is the nonlinear zonal momentum advection term. Using the well-known Matsuno–Gill model with the correct scaling of heating and static stability may give the correct sign of the response in the temperature gradients, but inaccurate scaling, due to the linear momentum damping in that model. The robust scaling of the magnitude of the tropical quasi-stationary structure with temperature opens possibilities for theoretical advances on questions of societal relevance, ranging from changes in tropical cloudiness to heat stress under climate change.
What Drives the Demand for Renewable and Non-renewable  Energy Consumption in India? The Role of Financial Development and Geopolitical Uncertainty
Authors: Farooq Umar , Dar Arif Billah 
Published: December 2024

The study investigates how financial development and geopolitical uncertainty affect India’s renewable and fossil fuel energy consumption. To address potential omitted variable bias, we account for per capita gross domestic product and trade openness. Empirical analysis, using the bounds test of cointegration, identifies a long-term relationship among the variables. The non-linear autoregressive distributed lag model results indicate that financial development lowers the consumption of both renewable and non-renewable energy. Geopolitical uncertainty reduces non-renewable energy use but significantly promotes renewable energy consumption over the long term. In terms of policy implication, a strong argument is to develop a sound financial system to support renewable energy growth and decrease reliance on imported energy. Besides, India should leverage geopolitical uncertainties to accelerate investments in renewable energy and reduce dependence on non-renewable energy sources. JEL Codes: Q41, F51, Q53, F1, C51
Using Prompts to Encourage Quiz Engagement: The Relationship Between Engagement Profiles and Course Success
Authors: Williamson Manda J. , Duryea Patrick R. 
Published: December 2024

Background Previous research suggests benefits to using a multifaceted approach to encourage students to engage with the course. However, specific patterns of behavioral engagement have not been described. Objective The purpose of this study was to determine distinct patterns of engagement with online textbook quizzes following a weekly prompt or an extension and whether those patterns were related to student success. Method 218 students enrolled in online, asynchronous Introduction to Psychology completed weekly electronic textbook quizzes. Students were provided two kinds of prompts to encourage completion. Quiz average, completion period, exam scores, and final averages were recorded. Results Results suggested that while some students increased their on-time engagement with quizzes following a prompt, the engagement did not transfer to the remainder of the semester and was not associated with higher rates of success on exams or the final grade. Those who showed increased engagement following an extension did show increased exam scores and final grades. Conclusion Providing one-time extensions rather than weekly reminders predicted differential course success. Teaching Implications Flexibility in course policies is a documented inclusivity practice. This study may encourage instructors to incorporate one-time extension windows to allow students to follow a flexible engagement schedule.
The incremental burden and healthcare resource utilization among people with migraine in Europe: Insights from the 2020 European National Health and Wellness Survey
Authors: Gendolla Astrid , Brown Joshua D. , Mercadante Amanda R. , Drakeley Sheila , Sternbach Nikoletta , Jenkins Aaron , Hygge Blakeman Karin , Coppola Gianluca 
Published: December 2024

Background Despite the high prevalence of migraine in Europe, there is limited research on the burden among people with migraine. Methods This cross-sectional survey used patient-reported data from the 2020 European National Health and Wellness Survey in France, Germany, Italy, Spain, and the United Kingdom. The study assessed the sociodemographic characteristics, health-related quality of life, depression, work productivity and activity impairment, and healthcare resource utilization among matched samples of people with diagnosed migraine (n = 3985) and compared to a matched cohort without migraine (n = 7970). The study also analyzed the burden across migraine subgroups stratified by the number of migraine headache days. Results Lower health-related quality of life, higher depression, increased work productivity and activity impairment, and higher healthcare resource utilization were reported among people with migraine and ≥1 migraine headache days compared to matched people without migraine (all p < 0.001). Additionally, the incremental burden was also observed across migraine subgroups (1–3, 4–7, 8–14, and ≥15 migraine headache days) irrespective of the use of prescription medication compared to the matched controls without migraine. Conclusion Migraine sufferers with ≥1 migraine headache days experienced worse productivity, lower quality of life, depression, and increased healthcare resource utilization than those without migraine, emphasizing the need for effective management strategies.
“I am responsible”: Perceptions of employees on health and safety program implementation in small and medium sized businesses in Indonesia
Authors: Maharani Cynthia , Casteel Carri , Rohlman Diane , Afifi Rima , Baker Kelly , Fethke Nathan 
Published: December 2024

Background Prior research conducted in the small bag manufacturing sector in Indonesia reported that occupational injuries occurred almost every month, with some workers reporting severe injuries that led to their fingers being amputated. Another study mentioned that the food manufacturing sectors tend to be more focused on improving their production activities than on paying attention to protecting their workers. Despite these conditions, employees are commonly seen by the owners as being responsible for their own safety at the workplace. Additionally, research examining how employees perceive occupational safety and health (OSH) and the current OSH programming available in SMB food and bag manufacturing in Indonesia is still limited. Objective This study aims to identify the perceptions among SMBs employees on OSH implementation in small and medium sized food and bag manufacturing businesses in Indonesia. Methods This qualitative study utilized in-depth interviews with employees of small and medium sized food and bag manufacturing businesses located in Bogor City, West Java Province. Results Occupational injuries happened to employees in almost all the businesses participated in the study. However, almost all the employees are not covered by insurance and accounted themselves to be responsible for both the injuries and to have the insurance. The employees often have casual or ‘family-like’ relationships with the business owners. Conclusions The ‘family-like’ relationship between business owners and employees in small and medium sized businesses can contribute to employees taking the responsibility for injuries that occur to themselves or their colleagues.
Objective evaluation of seat discomfort on eRacing performance
Authors: Vanheusden Frederique J , Ogilvie Molly O 
Published: December 2024

Background While physical and mental health training guidelines have received much attention and scientific scrutinisation for traditional sports, these guidelines have not yet been developed for electronic sports (eSports). One important factor for developing these guidelines is to find appropriate ways to objectively measure performance and wellbeing of eSport participants through a combination of behavioural and physiological measurements. Objective To determine the effect of perceived discomfort on stress levels and task performance during racing simulation (eRacing) activities using physiological and behavioural measurements. Methods Discomfort and stress were analysed using questionnaires, electro-encephalography, electrocardiography, and galvanic skin response while 17 participants engaged in off-line Assetto Corsa racing simulation competitions. Results Discomfort slightly increased with prolonged seating, and perceived task difficulty significantly increased stress and self-assessed task performance. While significant differences could be observed in electro-encephalographic (EEG) alpha-, beta-band activity and galvanic skin responses (GSR) data, these were not correlated to perceived stress, discomfort, or performance. Conclusions This study showed the potential for using physiological measurements to monitor eSport player performance before, after and during eRacing activities. While no significant correlations with behavioural assessments were found, further studies could build on the suggested physiological markers to determine effects of competitive environments on eSport participants’ wellbeing.
Effect of intermittent catheterization combined with acupuncture in the treatment of urinary retention after spinal cord injury: A randomized controlled trial
Authors: Liao Jiaquan , Yang Zhen , Wu Bo , Tang Changmin 
Published: December 2024

Objective:  To evaluate the effectiveness of combining intermittent catheterization with acupuncture in treating urinary retention following spinal cord injury (SCI). Methods:  Sixty-six patients were randomly assigned to either an observation group or a control group, with 33 patients in each. All underwent personalized intermittent catheterization guided by a bladder capacity scanner. The observation group received acupuncture in conjunction with catheterization, while the control group had acupuncture performed separately. Both groups were treated for 8 weeks. Daily records of catheterization frequency, volume, and spontaneous urination were maintained. Measurements, including maximum bladder capacity, detrusor pressure, residual urine volume, and quality of life scores, were taken at baseline and after 8 weeks. Results:  The observation group exhibited greater improvements in catheterization reduction, spontaneous urination, detrusor pressure, residual urine volume, and quality of life compared to the control group (P < 0.05). The median time to stop catheterization was shorter in the observation group (26, 17.68–34.31 days) compared to the control group (38, 32.54–43.45 days), with a significant difference (P = 0.045). Conclusion:  Combining intermittent catheterization with acupuncture effectively improves bladder function, reduces catheterization frequency, enhances urination, and promotes better bladder storage and voiding functions in SCI patients.