bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Study of leaf spring fracture behavior used in the suspension systems in the diesel truck vehicles
Authors: Husaini  , Ali N , Riantoni R , Putra T E , Husin H 
Published: July 2019

Abstract
The leaf spring is frequently applied on a vehicle such as used on the truck and it is one of the machine element suspension systems. It needs to have an excellent resistance to the fracture propagation to avoid failure that could lead to severe accidents. Fracture failure on the leaf spring is frequently experienced especially on diesel trucks, known as premature failure. Therefore, this case is needed to be studied and investigated. The purpose of this study is to investigate the cause of failure on the broken leaf spring by counting analytically the stress intensity factor (KI
) occurred near the crack tip. Moreover fracture surface observation conducted by Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM) to find out whether there is or not an initial crack and crack propagation direction. This present study describes the experimental work and analytical analysis of theleaf spring used on Diesel Truck Vehicle. Hardness testing was performed using the Rockwell method. The chemical composition testing on the leaf spring material was found that the material in accordance with AISI 5150 standard. The hardness value of leaf springs tested of about 106.9 HRB. The result of analytical analysis shows that the maximum value of stress intensity factor (KI
) occurred near the crack tip at the near the hole of leaf spring. In this case the value of KI
is higher than thevalue of the fracture toughness (KIC
) of the leaf spring material. Therefore, this result could be inferred that crack propagation happened starting from initial crack tip which is located near the hole on the leaf spring. The failure of leaf springs also caused by fatigue crack propagation due to dynamic loading during the operation marked by appearance the beach mark on the fracture surface.
Effect of nickel additions on microstructure evolution and mechanical properties of low-alloy Cr-Mo cast steel
Authors: Pratomo S B , Oktadinata H , Widodo T W 
Published: July 2019

AbstractThis paper presents investigation of nickel additions on the low-alloy Cr-Mo cast steel which was normalized at temperature of 920 °C. In this experiment, approximately 0.3, 0.5, and 1.0 wt% Ni was added into the Fe-1.0Mn-0.8Cr-0.4Mo cast steel. The microstructure of low-alloy Cr-Mo cast steel was observed by optical microscope and scanning electron microscope, and the phase compositions were identified by EDX analysis. Tensile, hardness, and Charpy impact tests were conducted to investigate correlation between nickel additions to microstructure characteristics and mechanical properties. The results show that increasing nickel from 0.3 to 1.0 wt% on the alloys has improved the strength without sacrificing the impact toughness. Ni addition into low alloy steel increased the austenite stability due to the grain refinement. The strength was found increase linearly with Ni addition which may caused mainly by solid solution strengthening due to Ni dissolved into the ferrite matrix.
The effect of alcohol media in the synthesis of calcium carbonate nanoparticles by ultrasonic waves
Authors: Sulistiyono E , Handayani M , Arwanda M R , Kusumaningsih T , Firdiyono F. 
Published: July 2019

AbstractThe process of destroying kidney stones using ultrasonic waves at certain frequencies has long been known in the medical field. The process of granular destruction using ultrasonic waves is very possible to produce a very fine grain size due to the large number of micro bubbles from the cavitation effect on the ultrasonic probe. The purpose of this research is to determine the effect of alcohol media in the destruction of calcium carbonate granules by ultrasonic waves to obtain carbonate calcium with nano-sized particles. The alcohol used in this study was 2-butanol, Ethylene glycol and n-propanol. The raw material of calcium carbonate was calcium carbonate precipitates originating from the Bayat region, Klaten Regency, Central Java, which was processed first by the carbonation method into calcium carbonate precipitates. The best result of experiments on the destruction of precipitated calcium carbonate by ultrasonic waves was the use of ethylene glycol media with ultrasonic time of 10 minutes and 30% amplitude. The result of the particle size analysis (PSA) at the best condition obtained with the average size of the granules of calcium carbonate precipitate was 72 nm.
Synthesis and characterization of SiC and CNT doped MgB2 superconducting wire
Authors: Sofyan N , Setiawan M T , Herbirowo S , Imaduddin A 
Published: July 2019

Abstract
Silica nanoparticles and carbon nanotubes-doped magnesium diboride (MgB2) superconducting wires have been successfully prepared via powder-in-tube (PIT) method. In this work, pure MgB2 was doped using various dopants concentrations at 1 and 2 wt.% of each silica nanoparticles (SiC) and carbon nanotubes (CNT). The mix was sintered at 800°C for 3 hours before putting it in a 6 mm diameter stainless steel tube wire and drawn to get 3 mm diameter of stainless-steel wire. The materials were characterized using X-ray diffraction (XRD) for phase and structural analysis and scanning electron microscope (SEM) for surface morphology. Further, superconductivity characteristic of the wires was examined through a transition temperature using a cryogenic magnet. Structural characterization examined using Xray diffraction showed that no other impurities of other phases were detected. Microstructural investigation using electron microscope showed even distribution of the particles with inherent porosities. Measurement at cryogenic temperature showed that pure MgB2 and 2 wt.% CNT doped MgB2 showed superconductivity characteristic after being sintered whereas others showed unique resistivity behaviors. After deformation by drawing process to form wires, all of the samples showed a superconducting behavior, however, the presence of SiC and CNT decreased the critical temperature, Tc, of MgB2. Although the samples doped with CNT decrease the Tc, CNT doped samples showed higher Tc than that of MgB2/SiC wires.
An Ironic Overlay: The Use of Voice-Over Narration in The Age of Innocence, by Martin Scorsese
Authors: Costa Cynthia Beatrice 
Published: July 2019

Abstract
Often praised for its cinematic artistry and faithfulness to the homonymous novel (Edith Wharton, 1920), The Age of Innocence (Martin Scorsese, 1993) is sometimes seen, however, as a reminder of the perils of voice-over narration in fiction films (Herman). By examining its use in relation to notions of novel adaptation (Whelehan; Leitch) and approaching irony in the film as a rhetorical device (Booth; Hutcheon; MacDowell), this article counterpoints the opinion (Travers; Cahir) that the voice-over narration might have decreased the dramatic potency of Scorsese’s work. In doing so, two main hypotheses emerged: (1) displaying a voice that purposefully invokes the novel’s author might have enhanced the degree of association between adaptation and source material, and (2) in deepening the viewers’ understanding of certain scenes by revealing inside information, the voice-over adds an ironic overlay to the film.
Restrictive Transfusion Strategy and Clinical Decision Support Practices for Reducing RBC Transfusion Overuse
Authors: Derzon James H , Clarke Nicole , Alford Aaron , Gross Irwin , Shander Aryeh , Thurer Robert 
Published: July 2019

Abstract

Objectives
Assess support for the effectiveness of two separate practices, restrictive transfusion strategy and computerized physician order entry/clinical decision support (CPOE/CDS) tools, in decreasing RBC transfusions in adult surgical and nonsurgical patients.

Methods
Following the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention Laboratory Medicine Best Practice (LMBP) Systematic Review (A-6) method, studies were assessed for quality and evidence of effectiveness in reducing the percentage of patients transfused and/or units of blood transfused.

Results
Twenty-five studies on restrictive transfusion practice and seven studies on CPOE/CDS practice met LMBP inclusion criteria. The overall strength of the body of evidence of effectiveness for restrictive transfusion strategy and CPOE/CDS was rated as high.

Conclusions
Based on these procedures, adherence to an institutional restrictive transfusion strategy and use of CPOE/CDS tools for hemoglobin alerts or reminders of the institution’s restrictive transfusion policies are effective in reducing RBC transfusion overuse.
Genomic and metabolomic analysis of step-wise malignant transformation in human skin fibroblasts
Authors: Kariagina Anastasia , Lunt Sophia Y , McCormick J Justin 
Published: July 2019

Abstract
Metabolic changes accompanying a step-wise malignant transformation was investigated using a syngeneic lineage of human fibroblasts. Cell immortalization was associated with minor alterations in metabolism. Consecutive loss of cell cycle inhibition in immortalized cells resulted in increased levels of oxidative phosphorylation (OXPHOS). Overexpression of the H-Ras oncoprotein produced cells forming sarcomas in athymic mice. These transformed cells exhibited increased glucose consumption, glycolysis and a further increase in OXPHOS. Because of the markedly increased OXPHOS in transformed cells, the impact of a transaminase inhibitor, aminooxyacetic acid (AOA), which decreases glutamine influx to the tricarboxylic acid (TCA) cycle, was tested. Indeed, AOA significantly decreased proliferation of malignantly transformed fibroblasts and fibrosarcoma-derived cells in vitro and in vivo. AOA also decreased proliferation of cells susceptible to malignant transformation. Metabolomic studies in normal and transformed cells indicated that, in addition to the anticipated effect on the TCA cycle, AOA decreased production of nucleotides adenosine triphosphate (ATP) and uridine monophosphate. Exogenous nucleotides partially rescued decreased proliferation of the malignant cells treated with AOA. Our data indicate that AOA blocks several metabolic pathways essential for growth of malignant cells. Therefore, OXPHOS may provide important therapeutic targets for treatment of sarcoma.
Leukocytoclastic Vasculitis Related to Ustekinumab in a Crohn’s Disease Patient: First Case Report and Literature Review
Authors: Costa-Moreira Pedro , Lopes Susana , Santos Ana Luísa , Pedrosa Ana Filipa , Andrade Patrícia , Portugal Raquel , Macedo Guilherme 
Published: July 2019

Abstract
Leukocytoclastic vasculitis is a single-organ, skin-isolated small vessel vasculitis. It can be a side effect of many common drugs, including biological agents. Unlike with other drugs, leukocytoclastic vasculitis induced by biological agents may have a prolonged latency period. We report the first case of ustekinumab-induced leukocytoclastic vasculitis in a patient with inflammatory bowel disease.
Carotid versus femoral access for transcatheter aortic valve implantation: a propensity score inverse probability weighting study
Authors: Folliguet Thierry A , Teiger Emmanuel , Beurtheret Sylvain , Modine Thomas , Lefevre Thierry , Van Belle Eric , Gilard Martine , Eltchaninoff Helene , Koning René , Iung Bernard , Verhoye Jean Philippe , Leprince Pascal , Le Breton Hervé , Lafont Antoine , Parolari Alessandro , Barili Fabio 
Published: July 2019

Abstract

OBJECTIVES
The transcarotid (TC) approach for transcatheter aortic valve implantation (TAVI) is potentially an optimal alternative to the transfemoral (TF) approach. Our goal was to compare the safety and efficacy of TC- and TF-TAVI.

METHODS
Patients who underwent TF-TAVI or TC-TAVI in the prospectively collected FRANCE TAVI registry between January 2013 and December 2015 were compared. Propensity score inverse probability weighting methods were employed to minimize the impact of bias related to non-random treatment assignment.

RESULTS
Of the 11 033 patients included in the current study, 10 598 (96%) underwent a TF-TAVI and 435 (4.1%) had a TC-TAVI. Patients in the TC-TAVI access group presented with a higher risk profile but were significantly younger. There were no differences in the perioperative and 2-year mortality rates after adjustment [odds ratio (OR) 1.02, 95% confidence interval (CI) 0.62–1.68; P = 0.99 and hazard ratio 1.03, 95% CI 0.7–1.35; P = 0.83). TC-TAVI was associated with a significant risk of stroke (OR 2.42, 95% CI 2.01–2.92; P &lt; 0.001), ST-elevation myocardial infarction (OR 7.32, 95% CI 3.87–13.87; P &lt; 0.001), infections (OR 2.36, 95% CI 2.04–2.71; P &lt; 0.001), bleeding (OR 2.01, 95% CI 1.76–2.29; P &lt; 0.001), renal failure (OR 2.23, 95% CI 1.90–2.60; P &lt; 0.001) and need for dialysis (OR 2.36, 95% CI 2.01–2.76, P &lt; 0.001). Conversely, TC-TAVI was not confirmed as a risk factor for pacemaker implantation after adjustment (OR 1.05, 95% CI 0.96–1.15; P &lt; 0.28) and was a protective factor for vascular complications (OR 0.37, 95% CI 0.32–0.43; P &lt; 0.001).

CONCLUSIONS
TC-TAVI is a safe procedure compared to TF-TAVI, although it holds an increased risk of perioperative complications. It should be considered in case of non-femoral peripheral access as the second access choice, to increase the overall safety of TAVI procedures.
Whole-Genome Sequencing of the Giant Devil Catfish, Bagarius yarrelli
Authors: Jiang Wansheng , Lv Yunyun , Cheng Le , Yang Kunfeng , Bian Chao , Wang Xiaoai , Li Yanping , Pan Xiaofu , You Xinxin , Zhang Yuanwei , Yang Jinlong , Li Jia , Zhang Xinhui , Liu Shuwei , Sun Chao , Yang Junxing , Shi Qiong 
Published: July 2019

AbstractAs one economically important fish in the southeastern Himalayas, the giant devil catfish (Bagarius yarrelli) has been known for its extraordinarily large body size. It can grow up to 2 m, whereas the non-Bagarius sisorids only reach 10–30 cm. Another outstanding characteristic of Bagarius species is the salmonids-like reddish flesh color. Both body size and flesh color are interesting questions in science and also valuable features in aquaculture that worth of deep investigations. Bagarius species therefore are ideal materials for studying body size evolution and color depositions in fish muscles, and also potential organisms for extensive utilization in Asian freshwater aquaculture. In a combination of Illumina and PacBio sequencing technologies, we de novo assembled a 571-Mb genome for the giant devil catfish from a total of 153.4-Gb clean reads. The scaffold and contig N50 values are 3.1 and 1.6 Mb, respectively. This genome assembly was evaluated with 93.4% of Benchmarking Universal Single-Copy Orthologs completeness, 98% of transcripts coverage, and highly homologous with a chromosome-level-based genome of channel catfish (Ictalurus punctatus). We detected that 35.26% of the genome assembly is composed of repetitive elements. Employing homology, de novo, and transcriptome-based annotations, we annotated a total of 19,027 protein-coding genes for further use. In summary, we generated the first high-quality genome assembly of the giant devil catfish, which provides an important genomic resource for its future studies such as the body size and flesh color issues, and also for facilitating the conservation and utilization of this valuable catfish.
Electromagnetic responses to an earthquake source due to the motional induction effect in a 2-D layered model
Authors: Gao Yongxin , Wang Dongdong , Wen Jian , Hu Hengshan , Chen Xiaofei , Yao Cheng 
Published: July 2019

Summary
Movement of the conductive earth medium in the ambient geomagnetic field can generate an electromotive force and a motional induction current, which further cause the disturbances of the electromagnetic (EM) fields. Such a mechanoelectric coupling is known as the motional induction (MI) effect and has been proposed to be a possible mechanism for the generation of the observed EM signals during earthquakes. In this paper, we study the EM responses to an earthquake source due to such a MI effect in a 2-D horizontally layered model. First we transform the governing equations that couple the elastodynamic equations and Maxwell equations into a set of first-order ordinary depth-dependent differential equations. Then we solve the seismic and EM responses to a moment tensor source. Finally, we transform the 2-D seismic and EM responses to 3-D responses using a simple amplitude correction method. We conduct several numerical examples to investigate the properties of the EM signals generated by the earthquake source. The results show that two types of EM signals can be observed. The first one is the coseismic electric/magnetic field that accompanies the seismic P and S waves as well as the Rayleigh wave. The second one is the early EM signal which arrives before the P wave. The numerical results show that the EM signals change with the inclination angle of the geomagnetic field, the azimuth angle between the wave propagation plane and the geomagnetic vertical plane, and the medium conductivity. Increase in the conductivity can enhance the coseismic electric and magnetic signals. Our simulation also shows that an EM wave can be generated by a seismic wave at the interface separating two different media. The radiation pattern of the interface EM wave generated by a P wave is similar to that of a horizontal electric dipole located on the interface.
Velocity–porosity–mineralogy trends in chalk and consolidated carbonate rocks
Authors: Dvorkin Jack , Alabbad Abrar 
Published: July 2019

SUMMARYPublished laboratory elastic-wave velocity versus porosity data in carbonate rocks exhibit significant scatter even at a fixed mineralogy. This scatter is usually attributed to the strong variability in the rock-frame or pore-space geometry, which, in turn, is driven by the richness and complexity of diagenetic alteration in these very reactive sediments. Yet, by examining wireline data from oil-bearing high-to-medium porosity chalk deposits, we find surprisingly tight velocity–porosity trends. Moreover, these trends are continued into the low-porosity domain by data from a location thousands of miles away from the chalk field. This congruence implies a universality of diagenetic trends, at least in the massive deposits under examination. We also find that the elastic bulk and shear moduli of the pure-calcite end member are somewhat smaller than such values reported in the literature. Using the end-member elastic constants relevant to the data under examination, we establish a theoretical rock physics model to match and generalize these data.
3-D marine controlled-source electromagnetic modelling in an anisotropic medium using a Wavelet–Galerkin method with a secondary potential formulation
Authors: Chen Hanbo , Li Tonglin 
Published: July 2019

SUMMARY
This paper presents a new algorithm for solving 3-D MCSEM modelling problems in an anisotropic medium using a Wavelet–Galerkin method (WGM) based on compactly supported Daubechies wavelets which are differentiable according to the requirement. In order to avoid the source singularity, we adopted a secondary potential formulation for the quasi-static Maxwell's equation. The primary field on the modelling domain is calculated using fast Hankel transform. The domain can be discretized by locally intensive nodes to deal with the model's complexity, which is observed to improve the accuracy of the solution. The sparse system of the WGM equations is solved using the direct solver MUMPS. This study's algorithm is then applied to calculate the response of the MCSEM in isotropic and anisotropic mediums. The results generated are verified against with solution obtained by FE method and confirmed the performance of the algorithm presented in this study.
Access to healthcare for children with Congenital Zika Syndrome in Brazil: perspectives of mothers and health professionals
Authors: Albuquerque Maria S V , Lyra Tereza M , Melo Ana P L , Valongueiro Sandra A , Araújo Thalia V B , Pimentel Camila , Moreira Martha C N , Mendes Corina H F , Nascimento Marcos , Kuper Hannah , Penn-Kekana Loveday 
Published: July 2019

Abstract
The Congenital Zika Syndrome (CZS) epidemic took place in Brazil between 2015 and 2017 and led to the emergence of at least 3194 children born with CZS. We explored access to healthcare services and activities in the Unified Health Service (Sistema Único de Saúde: SUS) from the perspective of mothers of children with CZS and professionals in the Public Healthcare Network. We carried out a qualitative, exploratory study, using semi-structured interviews, in two Brazilian states—Pernambuco, which was the epicentre of the epidemic in Brazil, and Rio de Janeiro, where the epidemic was less intense. The mothers and health professionals reported that healthcare provision was insufficient and fragmented and there were problems with follow-up care. There was a lack of co-ordination and an absence of communication between the various specialized services and between different levels of the health system. We also noted a public–private mixture in access to healthcare services, resulting from a segmented system and related to inequality of access. High reported household expenditure is an expression of the phenomenon of underfunding of the public system. The challenges that mothers and health professionals reported exposes contradictions in the health system which, although universal, does not guarantee equitable and comprehensive care. Other gaps were revealed through the outbreak. The epidemic provided visibility regarding difficulties of access for other children with disabilities determined by other causes. It also made explicit the gender inequalities that had an impact on the lives of mothers and other female caregivers, as well as an absence of the provision of care for these groups. In the face of an epidemic, the Brazilian State reproduced old fashioned forms of action—activities related to the transmitting mosquito and to prevention with an emphasis on the individual and no action related to social determinants.
Monocyte Dysfunction, Activation, and Inflammation After Long-Term Antiretroviral Therapy in an African Cohort
Authors: Nabatanzi Rose , Bayigga Lois , Cose Stephen , Rowland Jones Sarah , Joloba Moses , Canderan Glenda , Nakanjako Damalie 
Published: July 2019

Abstract

Background
Monocyte dysfunction may persist during antiretroviral therapy (ART).

Methods
Frozen peripheral blood mononuclear cells of 30 human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-infected ART-treated adults with sustained viral suppression and CD4 counts ≥500 cells/µL were consecutively analyzed for monocyte phenotypes and function.

Results
Nonclassical monocytes (CD14+, CD16++), interleukin (IL)-1β production, and expression of CD40 and CD86 were lower among ART-treated HIV-infected adults relative to age-matched HIV-negative adults (P = .01, P = .01, and P = .02, respectively). Intestinal fatty acid-binding protein, IL6, and soluble CD14 were higher among HIV-infected adults relative to HIV-negative adults (P = .0002, P = .04, and P = .0017, respectively).

Conclusions
Further investigation is required to understand drivers of persistent monocyte activation and dysfunction.