bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Heading Gaia to measure atmospheric dynamics in AGB stars
Authors: Chiavassa A. , Freytag B. , Schultheis M. 
Published: August 2018

Context. Asymptotic giant branch (AGB) stars are characterised by complex stellar surface dynamics that affect the measurements and amplify the uncertainties on stellar parameters. The uncertainties in observed absolute magnitudes have been found to originate mainly from uncertainties in the parallaxes. The resulting motion of the stellar photocentre could have adverse effects on the parallax determination with Gaia.
Aims. We explore the impact of the convection-related surface structure in AGBs on the photocentric variability. We quantify these effects to characterise the observed parallax errors and estimate fundamental stellar parameters and dynamical properties.
Methods. We use three-dimensional (3D) radiative hydrodynamics simulations of convection with CO5BOLD and the post-processing radiative transfer code OPTIM3D to compute intensity maps in the Gaia G band [325–1030 nm]. From those maps, we calculate the intensity-weighted mean of all emitting points tiling the visible stellar surface (i.e. the photocentre) and evaluate its motion as a function of time. We extract the parallax error from Gaia data-release 2 (DR2) for a sample of semi-regular variables in the solar neighbourhood and compare it to the synthetic predictions of photocentre displacements.
Results. AGB stars show a complex surface morphology characterised by the presence of few large-scale long-lived convective cells accompanied by short-lived and small-scale structures. As a consequence, the position of the photocentre displays temporal excursions between 0.077 and 0.198 AU (≈5 to ≈11% of the corresponding stellar radius), depending on the simulation considered. We show that the convection-related variability accounts for a substantial part of the Gaia DR2 parallax error of our sample of semi-regular variables. Finally, we present evidence for a correlation between the mean photocentre displacement and the stellar fundamental parameters: surface gravity and pulsation. We suggest that parallax variations could be exploited quantitatively using appropriate radiation-hydrodynamics (RHD) simulations corresponding to the observed star.
Age-related Changes in Training Stimuli and Performance in Masters Swimmers
Authors: Lapierre Stephanie , Baker Brett , Tanaka Hirofumi 
Published: August 2018

AbstractAge-related decreases in performance are thought to be driven by decreases in exercise training stimuli. We determined the influence of changes in training stimuli with advancing age on swimming performance using cross-sectional and longitudinal data analyses. Totals of 692 and 98 competitive swimmers belonging to the US Masters Swimming Association were analyzed in cross-sectional and longitudinal analyses. Swimming times increased with advancing age, and age was the strongest predictor of swimming performance, followed by training volume, in both the cross-sectional and longitudinal analyses. In the cross-sectional data analyses, an increase in training volume by 10 km/month, was associated with improved performance by 0.69 s regardless of age. In the longitudinal analyses, training volume was not a significant predictor for younger swimmers. In middle-aged swimmers, however, increases in training volume resulted in faster swimming times, and its effect was more pronounced in older swimmers. We concluded that there was a graded positive relationship between yearly increases in training volume and improved swimming performance, and that such effects were greater with advancing age.
DRG Erlöse und Kosten multimorbider Patienten im deutschen DRG-System – Analyse der operativen Behandlung chronischer Wunden an einer Universitätsklinik am Beispiel des Dekubitus
Authors: Cerny Michael , Hellmich Susanne , Schwarz-Boeger Ulrike , Schmauss Daniel , Moog Philipp , Bauer Anna-Theresa , Pförringer Dominik , Erne Holger , Machens Hans-Günther , Megerle Kai 
Published: August 2018

Zusammenfassung
Hintergrund Die Versorgung von komplexen Patienten mit chronischen Wunden wie dem Dekubitus sacralis ist speziell bei intensiv pflegeaufwändigen Patienten, die an einer Vielzahl von chronischen Erkrankungen leiden, nicht immer kostendeckend. Wir analysieren Erlöse, Kosten und Komplikationen, um wesentliche Faktoren der Kostenbildung und der möglichen Vergütung darzustellen.
Methoden 51 Patienten mit der DRG-Hauptdiagnose Dekubitus Grad III und Grad IV, die in unserer Klinik der Supramaximalversorgung in den Jahren 2014 und 2015 behandelt worden sind, wurden analysiert. Die Aufenthaltsdauer, Anzahl der Operationen, Anzahl und Art der Nebendiagnosen sowie die im Verlauf aufgetretenen Komplikationen wurden erfasst. Eine Kalkulation der Kosten und Erlöse pro Patient wurde durchgeführt und mit den vom Institut für Entgeltsystem im Krankenhaus (InEK) angegebenen Werten verglichen.
Ergebnisse Bei 25 von 51 Fällen überstiegen die Kosten die Erlöse, was überwiegend auf eine zu lange Behandlungsdauer, Komplikationen und viele operative Eingriffe zurückzuführen war. Bei Betrachtung aller Patienten konnte durchschnittlich keine kostendeckende Behandlung an unserer Klinik durchgeführt werden.
Schlussfolgerung Die Behandlung von meist schwerkranken Patienten mit Dekubitalulzera kann im Deutschen DRG-System oft nicht kostendeckend sein. Ein strenger Behandlungsalgorithmus mit Minimierung der operativen Eingriffe und intensive Pflege sind hilfreich, können jedoch kostenintensive Komplikationen nicht vermeiden. Wesentlich erscheint eine Re-evaluation der existierenden DRGs zu erreichen.
Omega-3 und stille Entzündungen
Authors: Schmiedel Volker 
Published: August 2018

ZusammenfassungEine anerkannte Definition der stillen Entzündung existiert bislang nicht. Sie wird u. a. mit einem 2- bis 3-fachen Anstieg von Entzündungsmarkern wie CRP oder
TNF-α beschrieben. Epidemiologische Studien belegen aber inzwischen, dass sie Zivilisationskrankheiten wie Diabetes mellitus, Herz-Kreislauf-Erkrankungen,
Demenz, nicht-alkoholische Fettleber oder auch chronische Schmerzen und vorschnelle Alterung begünstigen. Hauptursachen sind ein Überkonsum an
Omega-6-Fettsäuren und Übergewicht. Eine Diät, die reich an Omega-3-Fettsäuren ist, oder die zusätzliche Gabe von Omega-3-Fettsäuren hat in Studien positive
Effekte auf stille Entzündungen ergeben.Besteht der Verdacht auf eine stille Entzündung kann die subtile Fettsäuren-Analyse ein Ungleichgewicht im Fettsäurenstatus aufdecken. Die Therapie mit
Omega-3-Fettsäuren, diätetisch oder als Supplement, hat sich in der Praxis des Autors bewährt.
Darmmikrobiota und Silent Inflammation
Authors: Rüffer Andreas , Eckert Michaela , Gollsch Annemarie , Kleinhenz Anna , Krause Diana , Lurz Katja , Niebling Martina , Teibert Adrienn 
Published: August 2018

ZusammenfassungBei vielen chronischen Erkrankungen werden Veränderungen der Darmmikrobiota als ätiologischer Mit-Faktor diskutiert. Doch was haben beispielsweise rheumatoide Arthritis und Diabetes mit dem Darm zu tun? Nach derzeitiger Erkenntnislage scheinen Barrierestörungen (Leaky Gut) mit daraus resultierenden, latenten chronischen Entzündungen der Schlüssel zu sein. Entsprechend wichtig sind die frühzeitige Erkennung und Behandlung solcher vom Darm ausgehenden „silent“ oder „low-grade inflammations“.
Instrument-assisted Soft Tissue Mobilization Improves Physical Performance of Young Male Soccer Players
Authors: Kim Jonggun , Yim JongEun 
Published: August 2018

AbstractThis study aimed to examine the effects of a rehabilitation exercise combined with instrument-assisted soft tissue mobilization on the isokinetic power, muscle fatigue, and fitness of soccer players. An interventional study design was used to assess 40 subjects aged 15–17 years. Twenty participants each in instrument-assisted soft tissue mobilization and control groups completed several tests to determine player development. The results showed significant differences between the two groups with respect to the isokinetic power of the ankle (i. e., dorsiflexion, peak torque body weight at the right- and left-foot angular velocities of 30°/s and 120°/s; plantar flexion, peak torque body weight at the right- and left-foot angular velocities of 30°/s and 120°/s) and knee (extension, right peak-torque body weight at 60°/s and 180°/s and left peak-torque body weight at 60°/s; flexion, right and left peak-torque body weight at 60°/s and 180°/s), muscle fatigue, and physical fitness (P<0.05). Instrument-assisted soft tissue mobilization in soccer players suggests that the characteristics of athletic performance may be improved by decrease in fatigue and increase in fitness and muscle power. Therefore, we suggest instrument-assisted soft tissue mobilization for soccer players to increase their performance.
Lanostane Triterpenes from Gloeophyllum odoratum and Their Anti-Influenza Effects
Authors: Grienke Ulrike , Zwirchmayr Julia , Peintner Ursula , Urban Ernst , Zehl Martin , Schmidtke Michaela , Rollinger Judith 
Published: August 2018

AbstractIn an in vitro screening for anti-influenza agents from European polypores, the fruit body extract of Gloeophyllum odoratum dose-dependently inhibited the cytopathic effect of the H3N2 influenza virus A/Hong Kong/68 (HK/68) in Madin Darby canine kidney cells with a 50% inhibitory concentration (IC50) of 15 µg/mL, a noncytotoxic concentration. After a chromatographic work-up, eight lanostane triterpenes (1–8) were isolated and their structures were elucidated based on high-resolution electrospray ionization mass spectrometry analyses, and one- and two-dimensional nuclear magnetic resonance experiments. Constituents 1 (gloeophyllin K) and 2 (gloeophyllin L) are reported here for the first time, and compounds 5, 7, and 8 have not been described for the investigated fungal material so far. The highest activity was determined for trametenolic acid B (3) against HK/68 and the 2009 pandemic H1N1 strain A/Jena/8178/09 with IC50 values of 14 and 11 µM, respectively. In a plaque reduction assay, this compound was able to bind to cell-free viruses and to neutralize their infectivity.
Application of HUMF13A01 (AAAG)n STR Polymorphism to the Genetic Diagnosis of Coagulation Factor XIII Deficiency
Authors: Kangsadalampai Sasichai , Coggan Marjorie , Çaglayan S Hande , Aktuglu Gülten , Board Philip G 
Published: August 2018

SummaryDeficiency of the A subunit of coagulation factor XIII causes a severe bleeding disorder requiring life long replacement therapy. The mutations causing A subunit deficiency appear to be very heterogeneous, and it is impractical to identify each mutation before genetic counselling or prenatal diagnosis can be attempted. In this study we have shown that a highly polymorphic short tandem repeat element, HUMF13A01 (AAAG)n that occurs in the 5’ flanking sequence of the factor XIII A subunit gene, can be used to follow the segregation of deficiency causing mutations. We studied 6 families with factor XIIIA subunit deficiency from 5 different ethnic groups. All parents were heterozygous for the repetitive element and therefore all the families were informative. The linked polymorphism was used to carry out the first prenatal diagnosis of factor XIII A subunit deficiency. The analysis of this polymorphism by the polymerase chain reaction is rapid, reliable, requires little DNA and is ideal for the genetic analysis of factor XIIIA subunit deficiency.
Acetylsalicylic Acid and Sodium Salicylate Inhibit LPS-lnduced NF-kB/c-Rel Nuclear Translocation, and Synthesis of Tissue Factor (TF) and Tumor Necrosis Factor alfa (TNF-a) in Human Monocytes
Authors: Osnes L T N , Foss K B , Joø G B , Okkenhaug C , Westvik Å-B , Øvstebø R , Kierulf P 
Published: August 2018

SummaryWe have investigated the effects of acetylsalicylic acid and sodium salicylate on the LPS-induced synthesis of the pro-coagulant protein tissue factor (TF) and the pro-inflammatory protein tumor necrosis fac-tor-a (TNF-a), as well as the prostaglandin PGE2 in human monocytes. Both drugs dose-dependently inhibited LPS-induced TF and TNF-a synthesis at the mRNA and the protein level, and reduced PGE2 production. As evidenced by electro mobility shift assay (EMSA) and the use of a NF-kB prototypic probe, these drugs probably exert their inhibitory effects by interference with the nuclear translocation of NF-KB/c-Rel proteins. These data may expand the understanding of the anti-thrombotic and anti-inflammatory effects of these drugs when activation of monocytes occurs.
Differential Inhibition of Fibrinogen Binding to Agonist-and RGDS Peptide-activated States of GPIIb-IIIa by an anti-GPIIIa Monoclonal Antibody, PMA5
Authors: Nakatani Shingo , Hato Takaaki , Minamoto Yoko , Fujita Shigeru 
Published: August 2018

SummaryPlatelet agonists and RGD-containing peptides can convert platelet membrane glycoprotein (GP) Ilb-IIIa from its resting state to an activated state competent to bind soluble fibrinogen. We examined the effects of two anti-GPIIb-IIIa monoclonal antibodies, PMA1 and PMA5, on fibrinogen binding to agonist- and RGD-activated GPIIb-IIIa. PMA1 abolished aggregation of both agonist- and RGDS peptide-activated fixed platelets, and inhibited the binding of 125I-fibrinogen to these platelets almost completely. PMA5 had the same effects on agonist-activated platelets, but had little effect on the aggregation of RGDS-activated fixed platelets, and inhibited fibrinogen binding to RGDS-activated fixed platelets by only 44%. PMA5 bound to agonist- and RGDS-activated platelets equally. Immunoblot analysis showed that PMA5 bound to intact GPIIIa, but not to a 66 kDa fragment of GPIIIa digested by chymotrypsin. Although PMA5 inhibited platelet adhesion to immobilized fibrinogen by 94%, 44% of the remaining adherent platelets were spread. In contrast, no platelet spreading was observed in the presence of PMA1. These findings indicate that PMA5 is a novel anti-GPIIIa monoclonal antibody with the ability to inhibit fibrinogen binding to agonist- and RGD-activated states of GPIIb-IIIa differentially, and suggest that binding of immobilized fibrinogen to RGD-activated GPIIb-IIIa is necessary for platelet spreading.
Reversibility of Platelet Thrombosis In Vivo
Authors: Wysokinski Waldemar , McBane Robert , Chesebro James H , Owen Whyte G 
Published: August 2018

SummaryReversibility in vivo of acute platelet thrombosis in response to specific anticoagulants is analyzed with thrombi that develop in segments (1 cm) of porcine carotid arteries externally crushed with a hemostat. Most thrombi fill the lumens of the injured segments (ca. 1 cm × 3 mm, 1 × w) within 30 min and comprise masses of platelets interpenetrated with neutrophil-lined seepage channels of blood. Continuous quantitative assay of thrombus mass is provided by a gamma detector placed over the injured segments to collect counts from 111In-labeled platelets. Thrombi established 30 min after injury, otherwise stable for 6 h, clear during 30-60 min of continuous infusion of either hirudin, tick anticoagulant or activated porcine protein C, or intermittent activation of endogenous protein C with a latent thrombin reagent. Anticoagulant dose-dependence of thrombus clearance is established for hirudin between 0.01 and 1.0 mg/kg/min. Thrombi become progressively refractory to hirudin between 0.5 and 6 h after injury. Neither heparin nor low-molecular-weight heparin in full (clinical) anticoagulant doses yield significant dethrombosis. It is concluded that, within time limits, controlled thrombin generation in platelet thrombi maintains platelet cohesion without catalyzing irreversible platelet aggregation or clotting of fibrinogen.
The Effectiveness of a Low Molecular Weight Heparinoid in Chronic Intermittent Haemodialysis
Authors: Henny Ch P , ten Cate H , Surachno S , Stevens P , Büller H R , den Hartog M , ten Cate J W 
Published: August 2018

SummaryA new low molecular weight heparinoid, Org 10172 was compared to heparin in a randomized single blind cross-over study in 55 patients with end-stage renal failure undergoing chronic intermittent haemodialysis. The heparinoid administered as a single pre-dialysis i. v. injection of 34.4 anti-Xa units/kg body weight was compared to standard heparin (loading dose 2,500 IU + continuous infusion of 1,800 IU/hr). Mean anti-Xa plasma levels reached were 0.55 and 0.94 anti-Xa units/ml midway dialysis respectively. All 110 dialysis procedures were successfully performed without clotting or bleeding complications. Analysis of the number of clotted hollow-fibres within the dialysers showed a slight statistically calculated advantage in favour of heparin. Clinically no difference was detected. In conclusion, the heparinoid seems to be a good alternative means of anticoagulation in haemodialysis. As it is administered as a single i.v. pre-dialysis injection it will simplify the dialysis procedure.
Comparison of Platelet Interaction with Subendothelium of Human Renal and Umbilical Arteries and the Extracellular Matrix Produced by Human Venous Endothelial Cells
Authors: Sakariassen Kjell S , Banga Jan Dirk , de Groot Philip G , Sixma Jan J 
Published: August 2018

SummaryPlatelet interaction with subendothelium of human renal and umbilical arteries and with the extracellular matrix produced by cultured human venous endothelial cells was compared in flowing citrated blood by using an annular and a rectangular perfusion chamber.The renal arteries were post mortem specimens from adults showing, often pronounced, intimal fibrosis, whereas the umbilical arteries had well organized parallel arranged smooth muscle cells, without elastic membranes. The extracellular matrix obtained after removal of endothelial cells with Triton X-100 was homogenously attached to its substratum.Significantly more platelets adhered to the extracellular matrix than to the subendothelia. This discrepancy was most pronounced in reconstituted blood with plasma from a patient with homozygous severe von Willebrand’s disease (subtype III). No differences in platelet adherence and platelet aggregate formation were noted between the subendothelia. Platelet aggregate formation was poor on all surfaces.These data indicate that the extracellular matrix produced by endothelial cells is at least as reactive for the interaction with platelets as subendothelium, probably partly synthesized by smooth muscle cells.
In Vitro Fibrinolytic Activity of Recombinant Tissue-Type Plasminogen Activator in the Plasma of Various Primate Species
Authors: Lijnen H R , Marafino B J , Collen D 
Published: August 2018

SummaryThe ratio of fibrinolytic to fibrinogenolytic effect of recombinant human tissue-type plasminogen activator was investigated at several concentrations in an in vitro system consisting of 125I-fibrin labeled autologous plasma clots immersed in the plasma of several different primate species. A concentration-dependent fibrinolysis was obtained in each case; however, the degree of fibrinolysis differed markedly from one primate species to the other. At a concentration of 30 IU/ml (300 ng/ml) of recombinant tissue-type plasminogen activator nearly complete thrombolysis was achieved within 4 hr in human plasma, in the chimpanzee, in the cynomolgus macaque, in the bonnet macaque and in the rhesus macaque. The common baboon, the olive baboon and the squirrel monkey were rather resistant to thrombolysis. In all species the thrombolysis achieved was not associated with fibrinogenolysis nor with significant decreases in plasminogen or α2-antiplasmin.
Variation in Activities of Non-Plasmin Fibrinolytic Proteinase and Plasminogen-Activator in the Lung and Spleen Induced by Bacterial Endotoxin in Rats with Special Reference to the Effects of MD-805
Authors: Okamoto U , Nagamatsu Y , Horie N , Yamamoto J , Sasaki K 
Published: August 2018

SummaryThe behavior of direct fibrinolytic (non-plasmin) proteinase activity and plasminogen-activator activity in the lung and spleen was investigated in rats after a single intravenous injection of bacterial endotoxin, and the influence of thrombin inhibitors on the effects of the endotoxin was assessed.The non-plasmin fibrinolytic activitiy was markedly increased following a decrease of plasminogen-activator in the lung. In addition, variations in hematological parameters, i.e. a decrease of platelet count, fibrinogen level and antithrombin III, and an increase of blood urea nitrogen and euglobulin fibrinolytic activity, were induced by the injection, indicating the occurrence of disseminated intravascular coagulation.In comparative studies on the effects of the endotoxin injection and thrombin infusion, in the lung and spleen an increase of fibrinolytic proteinase activity was induced in a similar manner; the plasminogen-activator activity in the lung was decreased by the endotoxin injection but not decreased by the thrombin infusion.In prevention studies with heparin and MD-805, the latter was found to prevent the decrease of either fibrinogen or platelet count. However, the former failed to prevent the decrease of platelet count although that of the fibrinogen level was prevented. Heparin and MD-805 exerted no preventive effect on the endotoxin-induced variations of proteinase activity and plasminogen-activator activity in the lung.
Function-Preserving Multimodal Treatment for Jugular Foramen Meningiomas
Authors: Ito Seiro , Saegusa Takashi , Ozawa Yoshinori , Higuchi Yoshinori , Iwadate Yasuo , Serizawa Toru , Nagano Osamu , Kageyama Yusuke , Yamakami Iwao 
Published: August 2018

Objectives Despite being pathologically benign, jugular foramen meningioma (JFM) may be locally aggressive and spread in three compartments. Because of the complex anatomical location, radical removal of JFM usually causes serious morbidity through lower cranial nerve (LCN) deficits. To accomplish long-standing tumor control with good functional outcomes, we report function-preserving multimodal treatment (FMT) for JFM, comprising the combination of intradural tumor removal with the preservation of LCN function and stereotactic radiosurgery (RS) for the residual tumor.
Materials This study investigated six JFM patients (five women, one man). Preoperatively, five patients showed no LCN sign.
Results All patients underwent function-preserving retrosigmoid intradural tumor removal, and no patient developed new LCN deficit. Three patients underwent RS for the residual tumor at 8 to 12 months after surgery. After RS, all three tumors were controlled. No patients showed tumor recurrence or new LCN deficits in the follow-up period (2 months to 8 years).
Conclusion FMT for JFMs can accomplish long-standing tumor control with excellent functional outcomes.