bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Blue Ridge–Inner Piedmont geotraverse from the Great Smoky fault to the Inner Piedmont: Upper crust to upper-lower crust, terranes, large faults, and sutures
Authors: Merschat Arthur J. , Hatcher Robert D. , Thigpen J. Ryan , McClellan Elizabeth A. 
Published: July 2018

ABSTRACT
The southern Appalachian orogen is a Paleozoic accretionary-collisional orogen that formed as the result of three Paleozoic orogenies, Taconic, Acadian and Neoacadian, and Alleghanian orogenies. The Blue Ridge–Piedmont megathrust sheet exposes various crystalline terranes of the Blue Ridge and Inner Piedmont that record the different effects of these orogenies. The western Blue Ridge is the Neoproterozoic to Ordovician Laurentian margin. Constructed on Mesoproterozoic basement, 1.2–1.0 Ga, the western Blue Ridge transitions from two rifting events at ca. 750 Ma and ca. 565 Ma to an Early Cambrian passive margin and then carbonate bank. The Hayesville fault marks the Taconic suture and separates the western Blue Ridge from distal peri-Laurentian terranes of the central and eastern Blue Ridge, which are the Cartoogechaye, Cowrock, Dahlonega gold belt, and Tugaloo terranes. The central and eastern Blue Ridge terranes are dominantly clastic in composition, intruded by Ordovician to Mississippian granitoids, and contain ultramafic and mafic rocks, suggesting deposition on oceanic crust. These terranes accreted to the western Blue Ridge during the Taconic orogeny at 462–448 Ma, resulting in metamorphism dated with SHRIMP (sensitive high-resolution ion microprobe) U-Pb ages of metamorphic zircon. The Inner Piedmont, which is separated from the Blue Ridge by the Brevard fault zone, experienced upper amphibolite, sillimanite I and higher-grade ­metamorphism during the Acadian and Neoacadian orogenies, 395–345 Ma. These events also affected the eastern Blue Ridge, and parts of the western Blue Ridge. The Acadian and Neoacadian orogeny is the result of the oblique collision and accretion of the peri-Gondwanan Carolina superterrane overriding the Inner Piedmont. During this collision, the Inner Piedmont was a forced mid-crustal orogenic channel that flowed NW-, W-, and SW-directed from underneath the Carolina superterrane. The Alleghanian orogeny thrust these terranes northwestward as part of the Blue Ridge–Piedmont megathrust sheet during the collision of Gondwana (Africa) and the formation of Pangea.
Modifiable risk factors for patellar tendinopathy in athletes: a systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Sprague Andrew L , Smith Angela H , Knox Patrick , Pohlig Ryan T , Grävare Silbernagel Karin 
Published: July 2018

ObjectiveTo perform a systematic review and meta-analysis identifying (1) potential modifiable risk factors and (2) associated modifiable factors for patellar tendinopathy in athletes.DesignA systematic review and meta-analysis was conducted. Risk of bias was assessed using the Newcastle-Ottawa Scale and grouped based on study design. Meta-analytic statistics were performed for items reported by five or more studies. A strength of evidence rating is provided for items not appropriate for meta-analysis.Data sourcesPubMed, Web of Science, Scopus and Cinahl were searched on 14 November 2017.Eligibility criteriaQuantitative, original research reporting potential modifiable risk factors or associated factors, comparing athletes with patellar tendinopathy with a group without the injury.Results862 records were screened and 31 articles were included (6 prospective, 25 cross-sectional). There was a lack of strong evidence for any potential modifiable risk factor or associated factors. There was limited or conflicting evidence that decreased ankle dorsiflexion range of motion, decreased posterior thigh and quadriceps flexibility, greater volume of jump training, more volleyball sets played per week, greater countermovement jump (CMJ) height and greater activity volume are potential modifiable risk factors. Meta-analysis supported greater activity volume (Cohen’s d=0.22, 95% CI 0.06 to 0.39, p=0.008), higher body weight (0.36, 0.17 to 0.55, p<0.001) and greater CMJ height (0.31, 0.07 to 0.56, p=0.01) as associated modifiable factors.ConclusionsThere is a lack of strong evidence for any potential modifiable risk factors or associated factors. Factors with lower levels of support may be of interest in designing prevention programmes but require further research in high-quality, prospective studies.
Antioxidants for preventing and reducing muscle soreness after exercise: a Cochrane systematic review
Authors: Ranchordas Mayur K , Rogerson David , Soltani Hora , Costello Joseph T 
Published: July 2018

ObjectiveTo determine whether antioxidant supplements and antioxidant-enriched foods can prevent or reduce delayed-onset muscle soreness after exercise.MethodsWe searched the Cochrane Bone, Joint and Muscle Trauma Group Specialised Register, the Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials, MEDLINE, Embase, SPORTDiscus, trial registers, reference lists of articles and conference proceedings up to February 2017.ResultsIn total, 50 studies were included in this review which included a total of 1089 participants (961 were male and 128 were female) with an age range of 16–55 years. All studies used an antioxidant dosage higher than the recommended daily amount. The majority of trials (47) had design features that carried a high risk of bias due to selective reporting and poorly described allocation concealment, potentially limiting the reliability of their findings. We rescaled to a 0–10 cm scale in order to quantify the actual difference between groups and we found that the 95% CIs for all five follow-up times were all well below the minimal important difference of 1.4 cm: up to 6 hours (MD −0.52, 95% CI −0.95 to −0.08); at 24 hours (MD −0.17, 95% CI −0.42 to 0.07); at 48 hours (mean difference (MD) −0.41, 95% CI −0.69 to −0.12); at 72 hours (MD −0.29, 95% CI −0.59 to 0.02); and at 96 hours (MD −0.03, 95% CI −0.43 to 0.37). Thus, the effect sizes suggesting less muscle soreness with antioxidant supplementation were very unlikely to equate to meaningful or important differences in practice.ConclusionsThere is moderate to low-quality evidence that high-dose antioxidant supplementation does not result in a clinically relevant reduction of muscle soreness after exercise of up to 6 hours or at 24, 48, 72 and 96 hours after exercise. There is no evidence available on subjective recovery and only limited evidence on the adverse effects of taking antioxidant supplements.
Impact of active and passive social facilitation on self-paced endurance and sprint exercise: encouragement augments performance and motivation to exercise
Authors: Edwards Andrew Mark , Dutton-Challis Lia , Cottrell David , Guy Joshua H , Hettinga Florentina Johanna 
Published: July 2018

ObjectiveThe positive effect of an audience on performance is anecdotally well known, but the impact of such social facilitation to both performance and the motivation to exercise have not been thoroughly explored. The aim of this study was therefore to investigate verbal encouragement as a means to promote positive behavioural adherence to exercise and augmented performance. MethodsTwelve untrained but active individuals (seven female), age 24±3 years participated in this study. Exercise conditions with external verbal encouragement (EVE) and without external verbal encouragement (WEVE) were compared in both endurance (20 min) and sprint (2 × 30 s Wingate) cycling tasks in a randomised crossover design. Results were analysed by separate 2 (EVE/WEVE) × 2 (sprint/endurance) within-subjects analyses of variance for each dependent variable. Statistical significance was set at p≤0.05. ResultsEVE resulted in a significant increase,F(1,11)=15.37, p=0.002,ηp2=0.58 in the average power generated by participants in each exercise bout on the cycle ergometer. EVE also had a significant effect on reported motivation to exercise the next day,F(1,11)=5.5, p=0.04,ηp2=0.33, which did not differ between type of exercise.ConclusionExternal encouragement in both sprint and endurance activities resulted in large improvements in performance and motivation to continue an exercise regimen the next day, which has important implications for health, adherence and maximising physical performance using a practical intervention.
[18F]Fluorocholine and [18F]Fluoroacetate PET as Imaging Biomarkers to Assess Phosphatidylcholine and Mitochondrial Metabolism in Preclinical Models of TSC and LAM
Authors: Verwer Eline E. , Kavanagh Taylor R. , Mischler William J. , Feng You , Takahashi Kazue , Wang Shuyan , Shoup Timothy M. , Neelamegam Ramesh , Yang Jing , Guehl Nicolas J. , Ran Chongzhao , Massefski Walter , Cui Ye , El-Chemaly Souheil , Sadow Peter M. , Oldham William M. , Kijewski Marie F. , El Fakhri Georges , Normandin Marc D. , Priolo Carmen 
Published: July 2018

Abstract

Purpose:
Tuberous sclerosis complex (TSC) is an autosomal dominant disorder caused by inactivating mutations of the TSC1 or TSC2 gene, characterized by neurocognitive impairment and benign tumors of the brain, skin, heart, and kidneys. Lymphangioleiomyomatosis (LAM) is a diffuse proliferation of α-smooth muscle actin–positive cells associated with cystic destruction of the lung. LAM occurs almost exclusively in women, as a TSC manifestation or a sporadic disorder (TSC1/TSC2 somatic mutations). Biomarkers of whole-body tumor burden/activity and response to rapalogs or other therapies remain needed in TSC/LAM.

Experimental Design:
These preclinical studies aimed to assess feasibility of [18F]fluorocholine (FCH) and [18F]fluoroacetate (FACE) as TSC/LAM metabolic imaging biomarkers.

Results:
We previously reported that TSC2-deficient cells enhance phosphatidylcholine synthesis via the Kennedy pathway. Here, we show that TSC2-deficient cells exhibit rapid uptake of [18F]FCH in vivo and can be visualized by PET imaging in preclinical models of TSC/LAM, including subcutaneous tumors and pulmonary nodules. Treatment with rapamycin (72 hours) suppressed [18F]FCH standardized uptake value (SUV) by &gt;50% in tumors. Interestingly, [18F]FCH-PET imaging of TSC2-deficient xenografts in ovariectomized mice also showed a significant decrease in tumor SUV. Finally, we found rapamycin-insensitive uptake of FACE by TSC2-deficient cells in vitro and in vivo, reflecting its mitochondrial accumulation via inhibition of aconitase, a TCA cycle enzyme.

Conclusions:
Preclinical models of TSC2 deficiency represent informative platforms to identify tracers of potential clinical interest. Our findings provide mechanistic evidence for testing the potential of [18F]FCH and [18F]FACE as metabolic imaging biomarkers for TSC and LAM proliferative lesions, and novel insights into the metabolic reprogramming of TSC tumors.
Prognostic Impact of Residual HPV ctDNA Detection after Chemoradiotherapy for Anal Squamous Cell Carcinoma
Authors: Cabel Luc , Jeannot Emmanuelle , Bieche Ivan , Vacher Sophie , Callens Celine , Bazire Louis , Morel Adeline , Bernard-Tessier Alice , Chemlali Walid , Schnitzler Anne , Lièvre Astrid , Otz Joelle , Minsat Mathieu , Vincent-Salomon Anne , Pierga Jean-Yves , Buecher Bruno , Mariani Pascale , Proudhon Charlotte , Bidard François-Clément , Cacheux Wulfran 
Published: July 2018

Abstract
Purpose: Chemoradiotherapy (CRT) is the current standard of care for patients diagnosed with locally advanced anal squamous cell carcinoma (ASCC), but some patients develop local and/or distant relapse during follow-up. This study was designed to monitor human papillomavirus (HPV) circulating tumor DNA (ctDNA) levels during CRT in patients with ASCC.
Experimental Design: We analyzed samples from patients with HPV16- or HPV18-positive locally advanced ASCC. Blood samples were collected before and after CRT. HPV16 or HPV18 ctDNA detection was performed by droplet digital-PCR.
Results: HPV ctDNA was detected before CRT in 29 of 33 patients with stages II–III ASCC [sensitivity: 88%; 95% confidence interval (CI), 72–95]; ctDNA positivity rate was associated with tumor stage (64% and 100% in stages II and III, respectively; P = 0.008). Among ctDNA-positive patients at baseline, ctDNA levels were higher in N+ than in N− tumors (median 85 copies/mL, range = 8–9,333 vs. 32 copies/mL, range = 3–1,350; P = 0.03). ctDNA detection at baseline had no significant prognostic impact. After CRT, three of 18 (17%) patients displayed residual detectable HPV ctDNA; ctDNA detection after CRT was strongly associated with shorter disease-free survival (P &lt; 0.0001).
Conclusions: This is the first proof-of-concept study assessing the prognostic value of ctDNA after CRT in locally advanced ASCC. In most patients, HPV ctDNA can be detected before CRT and becomes undetectable during CRT. In this study, we show that residual ctDNA levels after CRT are associated with very poor outcome. Clin Cancer Res; 24(22); 5767–71. ©2018 AACR.
Dissenting Bodies
Authors: Winegar Jessica 
Published: July 2018

Abstract
This article explores the art of Adham Hafez, an Egypt-based performer, choreographer and music composer, in relation to the political and social turmoil in Egypt leading up to and following the 2011 uprising. Hafez’s work through and on the body highlights how the uprisings themselves were a rejection of various assaults on the body rendered by the Egyptian state, colonialism and global capitalism. By focusing on the ways that Hafez’s performances reconfigure the senses, and relations between the body and language, this article shows how performance can be a site of dissensus that creates potentially transformative resonance between bodies—in Tahrir Square and beyond.
Endovascular management of extensive lower extremity acute deep vein thrombosis with AngioJet rheolytic thrombectomy plus catheter-directed thrombolysis from contralateral femoral access
Authors: Liu Guang , Zhao Zhen , Cui Chaoyi , Ye Kaichuang , Yin Minyi , Liu Xaiobing , Qin Jinbao , Huang Xintian , Lu Min , Jiang Mier , Li Weimin , Lu Xinwu 
Published: July 2018

Purpose The aim of the present study was to report the clinical outcomes of endovascular treatment for extensive lower limb deep vein thrombosis with AngioJet rheolytic thrombectomy (ART) plus catheter-directed thrombolysis (CDT) using a contralateral femoral approach. Methods A retrospective analysis of consecutive ART+CDT treatments in 38 deep vein thrombosis patients (LET I-III, from September 2014 to March 2016) was performed. Results The technical success rate was 100%. Complete lysis was achieved in 82% of LET III segments (calf veins), 87% of LET II segments (popliteal-femoral veins), and 90% of LET III segments (iliac veins). The best results were obtained in patients treated within seven days of symptom onset. During follow-up, well-preserved, competent femoral valves were observed in 86% of the patients, and recanalization of LET III, LET II, and LET I segments was achieved in 100%, 94%, and 91% of the patients, respectively. The post-thrombotic syndrome rate was 17% during a mean 20-month follow-up.
Primary medial femoral condyle vascularized bone graft for scaphoid nonunions with carpal collapse and proximal pole avascular necrosis
Authors: Kollitz Kathleen M. , Pulos Nicholas , Bishop Allen T. , Shin Alexander Y. 
Published: July 2018

This study aimed to determine the outcome of free vascularized medial femoral condyle bone grafts in the primary treatment of scaphoid nonunions with scaphoid foreshortening or carpal collapse and intraoperatively documented avascular necrosis. Thirty-two patients (28 male, four female) met the inclusion criteria. Median time from injury to surgery was 70 weeks. Thirty of 32 patients healed at a median of 12 weeks. There was significant improvement from preoperative to postoperative lateral intrascaphoid angle, scapholunate angle, and radiolunate angle. Two scaphoids failed to unite; one patient underwent scaphoidectomy and four-corner fusion 15 months postoperatively after suffering a subsequent injury. Another patient underwent 1,2-intercompartmental supraretinacular artery-based vascularized bone grafting at 4 months postoperatively and then scaphoid excision with four-corner fusion 4 years later. The free vascularized medial femoral condyle bone graft restores scaphoid vascularity and architecture while promoting union in a subset of scaphoid nonunions that has historically been a clinical challenge. Level of evidence: IV
Biomarkers of Ossification of the Spinal Ligament
Authors: Kawaguchi Yoshiharu 
Published: July 2018

Study Design: Literature review. Objectives: To review biomarkers in patients with ossification of the spinal ligament (OSL), including ossification of the posterior longitudinal ligament and ossification of the ligamentum flavum and to raise the present issues. Methods: A literature search was performed using PubMed and MEDLINE databases. The biomarkers were classified according to category. The number of the subjects and reproducibility were assessed. Results: Eleven articles were included in this review. There were 9 articles from Japan, 1 article from Taiwan, and 1 article from China. The biomarkers were classified into calcium-phosphate metabolism markers, bone turnover markers, sclerostin, dickkopf-1, secreted frizzled-related protein-1, fibroblast growth factor-23, fibronectin, menatetrenone, leptin, pentosidine, and hypersensitive C-reactive protein. However, there were several limitations in the research studies, such as small research field, small number of subjects, and a lack of reproducibility. Conclusions: Although there have been several studies that have analyzed biomarkers for OSL, there are no definitive conclusions to date. Numerous issues will need to be resolved in the future. It is imperative to continue this research because the results might prove beneficial to elucidate the pathology of OSL and the measures to prevent the initiation and progression of the disease.
Analysis of Postoperative Complications in Spinal Surgery, Hospital Length of Stay, and Unplanned Readmission: Application of Dindo-Clavien Classification to Spine Surgery
Authors: Camino Willhuber Gaston , Elizondo Cristina , Slullitel Pablo 
Published: July 2018

Study Design: Retrospective study. Level of evidence III. Objective: Postoperative complications in spine surgery are associated with increased morbidity, hospital length of stay, and health care costs. Registry of complications in orthopedics and the spine surgery is heterogeneous. Methods: Between July 2016 and June 2017, 274 spinal surgeries were performed, the presence of postoperative complications was analyzed at 90 days (according to the classification of Dindo-Clavien, grades I-V), hospital length of stay, surgical complexity (low, medium, and high), unplanned readmission, and risk factors were evaluated. Results: A total of 79 patients suffered a complication (28.8%), of them 21 (26.7%) were grade I, 24 (30.3%) were grade II, 4 (5.7%) were grade IIIA, and 29 (37.3%) were grade IIIB. There were no IV and V grade cases. The most frequent complication was excessive pain followed by deep wound infection and anemia. Surgical complexity and surgical time were significantly associated with the risk of developing a complication. The average number of hospital length of stay in patients without and with complications were 2.7 and 10.6, respectively, and the unplanned readmission rate was 11%. Conclusions: Registry of postoperative complications allows the correct standardization and risk factors required to establish measures to decrease them, the application of Dindo-Clavien classification was useful for the purpose of our study.
Management of Failed Proximal Biceps Surgery: Clinical Outcomes after Revision to Subpectoral Biceps Tenodesis
Authors: Savin David , Waterman Brian Robert , Richardson Catherine , Sumner Shelby , Romeo Anthony A. 
Published: July 2018

Objectives: The preferred technique for management of biceps-superior labral pathology is often debated, and rates of revision and persistence pain vary widely accordingly to surgical technique and patient demographics. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the clinical and functional outcomes of patients undergoing revision subpectoral biceps tenodesis after failed primary tenodesis or tenotomy. Methods: A retrospective review was completed to identify of all patients undergoing revision biceps tenodesis by the senior surgeon with minimum 24-month follow-up. Demographic variables including age, sex, insurance status, and tobacco use were recorded, Patient reported outcomes including the functional score, Single Assessment Mumeric Evaluation (SANE) rating, Visual Analog Scale (VAS) pain scale, Simple Shoulder Test (SST), and American Shoulder and Elbow Score (ASES) were obtained, and range of motion (ROM), strength, and complications were quantified. Results: In total, 36 patients with revision biceps tenodesis were identified, with a mean age of 46 ± 12 years and mean follow up of 60 ± 29 months. The indication for revision surgery was failure of index suprapectoral biceps tenodesis (56%), subpectoral biceps tenodesis (36%), and failure of tenotomy (8%). Concomitant procedures including rotator cuff repair and capsular release were performed in 25% and 8% of index surgeries respectively. There was a significant improvement in VAS score (P <0.001), SST (P<0.009), functional score (P<0.001) and forward elevation (P<0.001). Postoperative shoulder strength (P = 0.082), SANE (P = 0.074), abduction (P = 0.096) and external rotation (P =0.8) improved, but failed to achieve statistical significance. were not significantly improved following revision surgery. There was no difference in post-operative outcome measures between surgical indication, concomitant procedures and sex. 86% of patients reported high satisfaction and stated they would have this revision surgery again. Overall complication rate was 33% with the majority of these being either acute or chronic pain, with 8% of patients requiring additional surgeries to manage stiffness, chronic pain or rotator cuff deficiency. Conclusion: The current study demonstrates high patient satisfaction (86%) and significant improvement in functional outcomes with revision biceps tenodesis after previous failed tenodesis or tenotomy. Revision biceps tenodesis using a mini-open, subpectoral technique may be an effective strategy to address failed prior surgery, although the potential for persistent pain must be emphasized.