bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Longitudinal Trends in the Incidence of Hyperactive Delirium and Its Causes of Change After Surgery for Degenerative Lumbar Disease: A Population‐Based Study of 7250 Surgical Patients Over 11 Years
Authors: Xie Bang‐Lin , Nie Li‐Zhong , Zhong Biao , Xiong Jun , Nie Miao , Ai Qiu‐Xiao , Yang Dong 
Published: December 2024

ABSTRACTObjectivesDelirium is one of the common complications in elderly patients after spinal surgery. Severe delirium can lead to a series of adverse consequences such as drainage tube removal, wound rupture, patient falls, and severe adverse effects. The current research on POD is mostly small sample studies. This study aimed to investigate longitudinal changes in the incidence of hyper‐postoperative delirium in patients with lumbar degenerative disease at our institution over the past 11 years and to identify the potential causes of these changes.MethodsThis is a retrospective cohort study included 7250 patients who underwent surgical treatment for lumbar degenerative diseases at a single center from 2011 to 2021. These patients were diagnosed with delirium through the Confusion Assessment Method and then diagnosed with high activity delirium through the Richmond Agitation‐Sedation Scale, totaling 130 cases. According to the incidence rate of hyper‐postoperative delirium within 11 years, the trend test is divided into three groups: S1 upward trend (2011–2014), S2 downward trend (2015–2016) and S3 upward trend (2016–2021). The study collected variables from patients before, during, and after surgery, including gender, age, laboratory tests, anesthesia risk score, New York Heart Association cardiac function grading, number of surgical segments, surgical time, estimated intraoperative blood loss, anesthesia medication, and supplementary analgesic medication in the ward within 3 days after surgery. Kruskal Wallis one‐way ANOVA test, Kruskal–Wallis H test, or chi‐square test are used to evaluate inter group differences. p < 0.05 is considered statistically significant.ResultsThe pooled incidence of hyper‐postoperative delirium over the past 11 years was 1.79% (130/7250). The average age of 7250 patients was 54.5 ± 13 years, with a male/female ratio close to 1:1. We statistically analyzed the relevant influencing factors before, during, and after surgery of S1 and S3 in the incidence rate increase group and found no statistical difference between the two groups. Our research results show that the incidence of high activity delirium is correlated with age, number of surgical segments, surgical duration, use of dexmedetomidine, remifentanil, and benzodiazepines, with p < 0.05.ConclusionsThe reduced use of dexmedetomidine, increased use of benzodiazepines, and prolonged surgical time are the reasons for the increased incidence of hyper‐postoperative delirium. The joint management of orthopedic surgeons and anesthesiologists during the perioperative period is of great significance in reducing the incidence of hyper‐postoperative delirium in patients undergoing lumbar spine surgery.
Managing Data Sovereignty: An Organizational Competence for Successful Open Value Creation
Authors: Moschko Lukas , Blazevic Vera , Piller Frank T. 
Published: December 2024

ABSTRACTManaging big data benefits organizations via efficient and effective data‐driven decision making, productivity gains, customization potential, or innovation opportunities. Data‐driven innovation opportunities are particularly valuable in open value creation (OVC), that is, the collaboration of independent stakeholders who open their boundaries to share data and knowledge to jointly create value they could not have achieved in isolation. At the same time, however, incumbents often struggle with the implementation of data sharing in the broader stakeholder ecosystem. In this exploratory study, based on an abductive qualitative study with 27 expert interviews and three industry roundtables with 19 experts, we explore how the concept of organizational data sovereignty could serve as an organizational competency to address the data challenges for OVC. Using the strategy‐as‐practice framework, we define organizational data sovereignty as the self‐determined and intentional exercise of control over an organization's data assets and show which data sovereignty practices, in line with practitioner and praxis conditions, support inter‐organizational sharing and management of big data in OVC. Specifically, we identify key practices for implementing data sovereignty, such as constituting the special value of data and establishing a consistent value assessment for data. When designed and applied in the right organizational framework that allows for openness, agility, and interdisciplinarity, they enable industrial enterprises to realize the potential of OVC.
Why Does It Feel so Fake? Overcoming Authenticity Challenges in Professional Networking
Authors: Park YeJin , Bailey Erica R. , Kuwabara Ko 
Published: December 2024

ABSTRACTFrom finding ideas and opportunities to landing new jobs or getting promoted, so much depends on “who you know.” Despite these benefits, many people struggle with the act and the idea of networking. Much of the angst around networking can be traced to concerns about authenticity, including the need to be authentic, to be seen as authentic, to find authentic partners, and to build authentic relationships. In this paper, we review the literature on networking and authenticity to consider how different individuals might experience authenticity challenges in different forms of networking. We then describe three strategies for overcoming concerns about authenticity—ignore it, embrace it, and transcend it—and discuss the key merits and limitations of each approach. We advocate for transcending authenticity through cognitive reappraisals, which entails shifting the focus from the self to others by adopting a growth mindset. We conclude with future directions for promoting authenticity in networking.
Long‐term conservation tillage in organic farming maintains sandy loam soil functioning despite increased penetration resistance
Authors: Nawaz Muhammad Mohsin , Peigné Joséphine , Fouladidorhani Maliheh , Lamandé Mathieu , Arthur Emmanuel 
Published: December 2024

AbstractConservation tillage is an attractive practice in organic farming; however, it requires more trafficking for weed management than conventional tillage. This scenario can lead to soil compaction below the tillage working depth. However, it is not clear whether long‐term conservation tillage practices impair soil functions. Therefore, this study investigated whether long‐term conservation tillage causes soil compaction and impairs water retention, gaseous exchange capability and microbial activity of the soil below the tillage working depth. A long‐term (16 years) organic farming experiment consisting of conservation tillage (VST, shallow tillage to 7 cm depth) and conventional tillage (MP, mouldboard ploughing to 30 cm depth) was conducted on a sandy loam soil. Soil penetration resistance (PR), saturated hydraulic conductivity (SHC), water retention, gaseous exchange properties and microbial activity were determined in the 20–30 cm soil layer. The PR did not significantly differ between the tillage treatments at any depth; however, VST recorded 30%–63% higher PR values in the 10–30 cm soil layer. Among the measured soil properties, only microbial activity could yield a statistical difference between the two tillage practices. The water retention behaviour, plant available water capacity, SHC and relative gas diffusivity were very similar under both tillage treatments. The mean effective air‐filled porosity (E‐AFP) at pF 1.5 was 21% lower under VST than that under MP; however, the difference was reduced to 3% at pF 2. At field capacity, the E‐AFP was approximately 14%—above the critical limit (10%) for plant growth—under both tillage practices. Air permeability was 76% and 57% higher under VST at pF 1.5 and 1.7, respectively, compared with MP. The microbial activity was 56% lower (p = .04) under VST than that under MP. Likewise, 31%, 65% and 34% higher microbial biomass carbon, microbial biomass nitrogen and dissolved organic carbon, respectively, were observed under MP compared with VST. These results indicated that despite higher penetration resistance, long‐term conservation tillage did not limit water retention and aeration capability of soil in the 20–30 cm soil layer. However, long‐term conservation tillage may induce vertical stratification of organic matter and microbial activity, which have implications for crop production.
Mitigation measures designed to reduce soil compaction decrease the surface runoff, soil erosion and phosphorus losses from tramlines in agricultural fields
Authors: Quinton John N. , McKenzie Blair M. , Loades Kenneth , Page Trevor , Silgram Martyn 
Published: December 2024

AbstractThe use of tramlines or wheelings to carry out agricultural operations, such as spraying and fertilizer applications, is common across the world. They are often orientated up and down the slope and the soil that is driven on becomes compacted because of machinery weight transferring stress through the soil profile. This compaction leads to tramlines becoming conduits for water moving over the soil surface. Like water, sediment and phosphorus are also detached and transported. Reducing surface runoff and diffuse pollution losses from surface runoff associated with wheelings has received some research attention, but results are often difficult to interpret. This is because of the low number of replicates that are possible in agricultural landscapes, if the research is to be conducted at meaningful scales and to remain feasible. To address this, we utilize effect sizes and confidence intervals to analyse surface runoff and diffuse pollution data from a series of studies at five arable field sites, in the UK where surface runoff, sediment and phosphorus was collected from hillslope scale tramline plots utilizing the same methodology. In addition, we tested the impact of very flexible tyres, rotary harrows and a surface profiler roller on surface runoff and diffuse pollution loses. Although the monitoring period did not encompass widespread flood inducing storms, we demonstrate that the magnitude of the sediment and total phosphorus (TP) losses from the tramline plots across the study sites are significant in the UK context. Annual sediment losses from the study plots are in the order of 0.5–4.5 Mg ha−1 yr.−1 and consistent with the magnitudes of soil erosion in the UK. TP fluxes observed at the study plots, ranged between 0.8 and 3.9 kg ha−1 yr.−1, are consistent with the TP losses reported for surface runoff from arable plots in the UK. By utilizing effect size analysis, we demonstrate the significant impact of tramline mitigation on surface runoff and diffuse pollution losses. The rotary harrow performed best overall, and the combination of the rotary harrow and the very flexible tyre was superior to all other methods. This was the case for all treatments apart from some, where the surface profiler performed well in reducing sediment fluxes. Our work supports the need for incorporating tramline management measures into soil management strategies for arable landscapes and provides evidence for policymakers developing measures for agri‐environmental schemes.
Comparison of two inline photopheresis systems: A paired crossover trial
Authors: Piccirillo Nicola , Putzulu Rossana , Fatone Federica , Massini Giuseppina , Giammarco Sabrina , Metafuni Elisabetta , Limongiello Maria Assunta , Chiusolo Patrizia , Sica Simona , Teofili Luciana 
Published: December 2024

AbstractBackgroundExtracorporeal photopheresis (ECP) has been demonstrated as an effective treatment for graft‐versus‐host disease (GvHD). The inline system was developed by Therakos in 1987. Recently, Fresenius Kabi implemented an integration of cell separator Amicus and a UVA photoactivation device (Phelix), realizing an inline photopheresis system.Study Design and MethodsIn 2022 we designed a prospective paired crossover trial (NCT05718674) comparing two integrated ECP protocols: Therakos CELLEX and Amicus ECP system. Twenty patients affected by corticosteroid resistant GvHD were submitted to 80 ECP, 40 paired procedures.ResultsAll procedures were well tolerated, with no significant differences in procedure duration. CELLEX cell product showed higher granulocytes and platelet content, while Amicus cell product exhibited higher enrichment of lymphocytes, resulting in significantly higher MNC purity (92.9% vs. 84%).A significantly higher granulocytes and platelets absolute content was observed in CELLEX cell products, while Amicus cell products showed a significantly higher number of TNCs and MNCs. Differences in granulocyte and platelet content remained significant even after normalization of the data according to blood volume processed. These findings are confirmed by a statistically significant higher CE2% for CELLEX for granulocytes and platelets along with the lack of significant difference observed for TNCs and MNCs.DiscussionOur analysis shows differences in the characteristics of the procedure and the cell product. Anyway, both devices are effective for performing ECP procedure, as they collect a cell product suitable for photopheresis. At present, our results represent the first data set comparing two available inline ECP devices.
Creating infrastructure for supporting nurse engagement in evidence‐based practice at a Veterans Administration Hospital
Authors: Royer Heather R. , Nolden Meghan , Orshak Jennifer , Vogelman Lindsey , Crary Pamela 
Published: December 2024

AbstractBackgroundEvidence‐based practice (EBP) is foundational to safe and quality health care; however, barriers to nursing engagement in EBP have been well documented. To circumvent these barriers, nursing leadership must proactively implement system‐level, multifaceted strategies within their organization to enhance EBP engagement. One Veterans Administration (VA) hospital has operationalized these strategies.AimsTo provide a description of the multifaceted strategies employed to promote a EBP culture and enhance nurses' engagement with EBP at a VA Hospital.ConclusionsAlthough it takes time, nursing leadership can overcome barriers and ensure nurse engagement in EBP at their organizations through implementation of multifaceted, system‐wide strategies.
Analyzing sorbitol biosynthesis using a metabolic network flux model of a lichenized strain of the green microalga
Diplosphaera chodatii
Authors: Nazem-Bokaee Hadi , Hom Erik F. Y. , Mathews Sarah , Gueidan Cécile 
Published: December 2024

ABSTRACT

Diplosphaera chodatii,
a unicellular terrestrial microalga found either free-living or in association with lichenized fungi, protects itself from desiccation by synthesizing and accumulating low-molecular-weight carbohydrates such as sorbitol. The metabolism of this algal species and the interplay of sorbitol biosynthesis with its growth, light absorption, and carbon dioxide fixation are poorly understood. Here, we used a recently available genome assembly for
D. chodatii
to develop a metabolic flux model and analyze the alga’s metabolic capabilities, particularly, for sorbitol biosynthesis. The model contains 151 genes, 155 metabolites, and 194 unique metabolic reactions participating in 12 core metabolic pathways and five compartments. Both photoautotrophic and mixotrophic growths of
D. chodatii
were supported by the metabolic model. In the presence of glucose, mixotrophy led to higher biomass and sorbitol yields. Additionally, the model predicted increased starch biosynthesis at high light intensities during photoautotrophic growth, an indication that the “overflow hypothesis—stress-driven metabolic flux redistribution” could be applied to
D. chodatii
. Furthermore, the newly developed metabolic model of
D. chodatii
, iDco_core, captures both linear and cyclic electron flow schemes characterized in photosynthetic microorganisms and suggests a possible adaptation to fluctuating water availability during periods of desiccation. This work provides important new insights into the predicted metabolic capabilities of
D. chodatii
, including a potential biotechnological opportunity for industrial sorbitol biosynthesis.

IMPORTANCE

Lichenized green microalgae are vital components for the survival and growth of lichens in extreme environmental conditions. However, little is known about the metabolism and growth characteristics of these algae as individual microbes. This study aims to provide insights into some of the metabolic capabilities of
Diplosphaera chodatii
, a lichenized green microalgae, using a recently assembled and annotated genome of the alga. For that, a metabolic flux model was developed simulating the metabolism of this algal species and allowing for studying the algal growth, light absorption, and carbon dioxide fixation during both photoautotrophic and mixotrophic growth,
in silico
. An important capability of the new metabolic model of
D. chodatii
is capturing both linear and cyclic electron flow mechanisms characterized in several other microalgae. Moreover, the model predicts limits of the metabolic interplay between sorbitol biosynthesis and algal growth, which has potential applications in assisting the design of bio-based sorbitol production processes.
Associations of neighbourhood food retail with disability and death in older adults: Cardiovascular Health Study
Authors: Bhatia Roma , Hernandez Mark A , Platt Jonathan , Newman Anne B , Siscovick David S , Mukamal Kenneth J , Lovasi Gina S 
Published: December 2024

Background
A healthier diet is associated with lower chronic disease burden, but the impact of neighbourhood food environments on disability and death in older adults is not known.

Methods
In the Cardiovascular Health Study, a cohort study of adults aged 65+, we calculated study years until death (years of life (YOL)), study years without activities of daily living (ADL) difficulty (years of able life; YoAL) and percent of study years without ADL difficulty (compression of disability). Linear regression quantified associations of food establishments within 5 km of baseline home address (as a z-score) with each outcome, adjusted for sociodemographic characteristics. Sensitivity analyses considered adjustment for risk factors and comorbidities, multiple imputation, alternate neighbourhood definitions (1-km radial buffer, census tract) and restriction on residential stability.

Results
We included 4298 participants followed for up to 26 years. All food retail establishments were associated with 6 months higher YoAL per SD in the main model (beta, 0.50 years; 95% CI 0.01, 0.98; p=0.046), with similar findings across sensitivity analyses except when restricting on residential stability. Supermarkets and produce markets were associated with compression of disability (beta, 2.31; 95% CI, 0.04, 4.57) and when using 1-km buffers with YOL (beta, 0.23 years; 95% CI 0.03, 0.43) and YoAL (beta, 0.21 years; 95% CI 0.01, 0.41). Non-supermarket food stores were associated with YoAL (beta, 0.67 years; 95% CI, 0.07, 1.27) and compression of disability (beta, 3.03; 95% CI 0.44, 5.62), but significance was not consistent across sensitivity analyses. Fast-food restaurants did not reach statistical significance in any model.

Conclusion
All food retail was associated with YOL without impairment. Neighbourhood food retail access and type may both have roles in extending YOL and years of able life among older adults, but the findings were sensitive to decisions made during measurement and modelling.
Study protocol for a pilot randomised controlled trial of a virtually delivered behavioural intervention (ACTION) for adults with cancer at risk for opioid use disorder
Authors: Yusufov Miryam , Pirl William F , Greer Joseph A , Mazzola Emanuele , Dalrymple Kristy L. , Tulsky James A , Braun Ilana M , McHugh R. Kathryn 
Published: December 2024

Introduction
Opioid therapy is often central to pain management during cancer care. However, opioid exposure and unaddressed psychological suffering jointly amplify opioid use disorder risk. Therefore, we iteratively developed a behavioural, individually delivered intervention to mitigate the risk of opioid use disorder during cancer care (Acceptance and Commitment Therapy Intervention when Opioids are Necessary (ACTION)).

Methods and analysis
This is a single-site, non-blinded, randomised, controlled pilot trial of ACTION compared with a waitlist control group. The aims of this study are to examine the feasibility (defined as an overall enrolment rate of ≥60% and a retention rate of >75%) and acceptability (assessed via patient-reported feedback in exit interviews and Client Satisfaction Questionnaire-8 ratings) of ACTION (primary outcomes) and to assess changes in participant-reported depression, anxiety and opioid misuse (secondary outcomes). Patients will be recruited from Dana-Farber Cancer Institute (Boston, Massachusetts, USA). The total number of patients completing the study will be 40. All patients will complete baseline and follow-up measures after 6 weeks. Patients randomly assigned to ACTION (n=20) will receive six weekly 30-min sessions delivered by a mental health provider either via telehealth or in-person. Patients assigned to the waitlist control group (n=20) will be offered the intervention on completion of their follow-up assessments, approximately 6 weeks (±2 weeks), following baseline.

Ethics and dissemination
This study is approved by the Dana-Farber/Harvard Cancer Center Institutional Review Board (Protocol #21-587). Participants provide either written or electronic informed consent on study approach and once enrolled, they can withdraw from the study at any time. Results will be published in peer-reviewed journals and presented at scientific meetings.

Trial registration number

NCT05643027
.
Future career in gastroenterology: how is it perceived by internal medicine trainees? Results from a national survey
Authors: Akbani Umair , Nigam Gaurav B , Vasant Dipesh Harshvadan 
Published: December 2024

ObjectiveTo investigate the perceptions of internal medicine trainees (IMTs) towards a career in gastroenterology and identify factors influencing their specialty choices.Design/MethodA 26-item electronic questionnaire was circulated to IMTs across the UK. The responses were analysed using descriptive statistics, χ² and multivariate analysis to identify differences in specialty perceptions and influencing factors based on demographic characteristics.Results316 IMTs, mean 29.2 years, 58.2% female, 56.3% Caucasian, participated. The majority (70.9%) graduated from UK medical schools and completed foundation training (76.0%). Only 10.1% identified gastroenterology as their most likely specialty despite being positively perceived as a specialty by 67.7% of trainees. Key factors influencing specialty selection were lifestyle/flexible work (73.1%), mentorship (60.4%) and patient-centred care (56.0%).Positive aspects of gastroenterology included specialty-specific procedures (80.1%), interesting and manageable patients (49.7%), and academic opportunities (33.2%). Negative aspects were a difficult workload (70.6%), ‘poor lifestyle’ (59.5%) and high burn-out risk (52.5%). Lifestyle and flexibility were more important for those not pursuing gastroenterology compared with those pursuing gastroenterology (p<0.001). Factors identified to increase diversity and inclusivity included less-than-full-time training, increased flexibility and job-sharing opportunities. These were significantly preferred by females, UK graduates and foundation programme completers (p<0.05).ConclusionGastroenterology remains a popular specialty among IMTs; however, addressing lifestyle concerns, enhancing mentorship and promoting diversity are essential for improving recruitment and retention. Reforming training pathways could further enhance the specialty’s appeal.