bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Late‐Stage Functionalization of Peptides and Cyclopeptides Using Organozinc Reagents
Authors: Leroux Marcel , Vorherr Thomas , Lewis Ian , Schaefer Michael , Koch Guido , Karaghiosoff Konstantin , Knochel Paul 
Published: April 2019

AbstractWe report a new late‐stage functionalization of small peptides and cyclopeptides relying on the Negishi cross‐coupling of readily prepared iodotyrosine‐ or iodophenylalanine‐containing peptides with aryl‐, heteroaryl‐, and alkylzinc pivalates or halides. In silico and in vitro determinations of membrane permeability parameters of the modified cyclopeptides showed that in most cases, the solubility was improved by the introduction of polar pyridyl units while the cell‐membrane permeability was maintained.
Reversal of the effects of clonidine using naloxone
Authors: Swift A. , Wilson M. 
Published: April 2019

SummaryAn 18‐year‐old man underwent surgery for correction of idiopathic scoliosis. Due to the requirement for intra‐operative spinal cord monitoring, propofol and remifentanil total intravenous anaesthesia was chosen as the anaesthetic technique. Clonidine was given intra‐operatively as part of his analgesic regimen. No long‐acting opioids were administered. There was delayed emergence after switching off total intravenous anaesthesia and he remained sedated with a bispectral index of approximately 60 for 90 min. The common causes of delayed emergence were excluded. Shortly after administering naloxone, there was an increase in bispectral index and emergence from anaesthesia. We describe the successful use of naloxone to reverse the sedation effects of clonidine.
Antimicrobial materials based on poly(ethylene‐co‐vinyl alcohol) and silver acetate produced by reactive extrusion
Authors: Paillot Pierrick , Farhat Wissam , Becquart Frédéric , Vera Ruben , Jegat Corinne , Taha Mohamed 
Published: April 2019

ABSTRACTThe use of silver as an antimicrobial agent has exhibited great interest in recent years. In this research, poly(ethylene‐co‐vinyl alcohol) (EVOH)–silver acetate‐based antimicrobial materials were prepared at high temperature by reactive extrusion. Silver acetates were used without pretreatment. The thermal reaction of silver acetates in the material and their effect on the thermal and mechanical properties of the polymer were investigated as a function of their concentration. The dispersed silver acetate salts within the EVOH matrix have displayed a significant thermal reaction. This reaction of metallic salts was partial when the extrusion temperature was fixed at 190 °C and completed at 230 °C. The antimicrobial agents also had significant effects on the properties of the matrix. Reductions of glass temperature and storage modulus were observed by the analyses. All the variations were dependent on both the concentration of silver acetate and the extrusion parameters. The antimicrobial activity was studied and demonstrated a promising potential to create an antimicrobial material in a one‐step solvent free extrusion method. © 2019 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Appl. Polym. Sci. 2019, 136, 47799.
Robust hydrogel of regenerated cellulose by chemical crosslinking coupled with polyacrylamide network
Authors: Yang Biao , Hua Wen‐Qiang , Li Lei , Zhou Zi‐Han , Xu Ling , Bian Feng‐Gang , Ji Xu , Zhong Gan‐Ji , Li Zhong‐Ming 
Published: April 2019

ABSTRACTRegenerated cellulose/polyacrylamide (RC/PAAm) double network (DN) hydrogels are composed of cellulose crosslinked by epichlorohydrin (ECH) and chemical‐crosslinked PAAm. The prepared RC/PAAm DN hydrogels present enhanced strength, good shape recovery property, excellent energy dissipation properties, decreased equilibrium water content, and low equilibrium swelling ratio (SR). The compressive strength and modulus of RC/PAAm hydrogel are about 4.3 and 11.5 times compared to that of RC hydrogel, respectively. Intriguingly, the chemical crosslinking between ECH and cellulose chains could increase the distance between cellulose chains. Consequently, the increasing molar ratio of ECH to glucose leads to larger SRs and decreased mechanical strength of the hydrogels. Additionally, higher PAAm contents lead to more densely crosslinked networks, and thus decreasing the SRs and improving the mechanical strength of the hydrogels. © 2019 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Appl. Polym. Sci.2019,136, 47811.
Host plant defenses of black (Solanum nigrum L.) and red nightshade (Solanum villosum Mill.) against specialist Solanaceae herbivore Leptinotarsa decemlineata (Say)
Authors: Ben‐Abdallah Saoussen , Cáceres Luis A. , Wang Zhiling , Renaud B. Justin , Lachâal Mokhtar , Karray‐Bouraoui Najoua , Hannoufa Abdelali , Scott Ian M. 
Published: April 2019

AbstractBlack nightshade (Solanum nigrum, S. nigrum L.) and red nightshade (
Solanum villosum, S. villosum Mill.) are medicinal plants from the
Solanaceae family that synthesize glycoalkaloids and other secondary metabolites. To recognize the potential insecticide activity of these compounds, leaf extracts (containing glycoalkaloid and methanol fractions) were tested for enzyme inhibition, antifeedant activity and toxicity. For in‐vitro glutathione S‐transferase (GST) inhibition activity, we used insecticide‐resistant Colorado potato beetle,
Leptinotarsa decemlineata (
L. decemlineata; Say) midgut and fat‐body homogenate. In‐vivo toxicity and the antifeedant activity were performed using larval bioassays. The methanol extracts had greater GST inhibitory activity compared to the glycoalkaloids, as well as greater 2nd instar larvae mortality and antifeedant activity. Furthermore, the green leaf volatile compound, cis‐hex‐3‐enyl acetate, at the concentration of 5 ppm, caused 50% mortality of 2nd instar larvae. Our findings suggest the potential usefulness of
S. nigrum and
S. villosum extracts to control
L. decemlineata.
Exploring isoxazoles and pyrrolidinones decorated with the 4,6‐dimethoxy‐1,3,5‐triazine unit as human farnesyltransferase inhibitors
Authors: Lucescu Liliana , Ghinet Alina , Shova Sergiu , Magnez Romain , Thuru Xavier , Farce Amaury , Rigo Benoît , Belei Dalila , Dubois Joëlle , Bîcu Elena 
Published: April 2019

AbstractUnprecedented triazinyl‐isoxazoles were afforded via an effective cycloaddition reaction between nitrile oxides and the scarcely described 2‐ethynyl‐4,6‐dimethoxy‐1,3,5‐triazine as dipolarophile. The biological evaluation of the newly synthesized compounds showed that the inhibition of human farnesyltransferase by zinc complexation could be improved with triazine‐isoxazole moieties. The replacement of the isoxazole unit by a pyrrolidin‐2‐one was detrimental to the inhibitory activity while the pyrrolidin‐2‐thione derivatives conserved the biological potential. The potential of selected compounds to disrupt protein farnesylation in Chinese hamster ovary (CHO) cells transfected with pEGFP‐CAAX was also evaluated.
Perceived Benefits of Anatomy Coursework Prior to Medical and Dental School
Authors: Robertson Ellen M. , Thompson Kenneth L. , Notebaert Andrew J. 
Published: April 2019

Student struggles in gross anatomy coursework at the professional level can result in hours of remediation along with a need to allot time and other resources by both the student and the faculty. Since this course typically occurs in the first semester of the first year, programs can turn to admissions data to try to determine which of these students may struggle. This study looked at two years of medical (n = 280) and dental (n = 78) students to determine if there is a relationship between pre‐admissions anatomy coursework and performance in gross anatomy at the professional school level. Students provided data regarding their past anatomy coursework and final grades in professional school gross anatomy courses were obtained. In addition, students responded to questions regarding their feelings of preparation and how they valued the prior anatomy coursework as it related to the professional course. Statistical analysis showed no difference in final course grade between students with and without prior anatomy in either program. Counter to the numerical data, 96.6% of the students in the study recommended an anatomy course prior to pursuing a health science degree. The primary reasons given for this recommendation were the benefits of repeated content exposure, knowledge of the anatomy terminology, and decreased stress regarding the course. The results from this study suggest that the benefits of prior anatomy may be seen more in the students’ stress and quality of life rather in the numerical performance of course grades.
Calibration of a magnetometer array using motion capture equipment
Authors: Chesneau Charles‐Ivan , Robin Rémi , Meier Hendrik , Hillion Mathieu , Prieur Christophe 
Published: April 2019

AbstractThis paper studies the problem of calibrating an array of single‐axis magnetometers in an unknown static inhomogeneous magnetic field using motion capture equipment. A proof of identifiability is given, practical identifiability of calibration parameters is established in simulation, and real world experiments are conducted to demonstrate the feasibility of this approach. Unlike many state of the art techniques, the proposed solution does not require a homogeneous field, as in fact, we demonstrate that an inhomogeneous field enlarges the set of identifiable parameters. Under the above‐mentioned assumptions, this approach may be used to extend self‐calibration techniques of visual‐inertial setups to magnetic sensor arrays in indoor environments.
OCT‐assessment of scaffold resorption: Analysis of strut intensity by a new resorption index for poly‐l‐lactic acid bioresorbable vascular scaffolds
Authors: Blachutzik Florian , Achenbach Stephan , Marwan Mohamed , Tröbs Monique , Boeder Niklas , Doerr Oliver , Weissner Melissa , Bauer Timm , Nef Holger , Hamm Christian , Schlundt Christian 
Published: April 2019

AbstractBackgroundThe aim of this study was to analyze individual differences in resorption of bioresorbable vascular scaffolds (BRS) through optical coherence tomography (OCT) analysis and to identify factors potentially influencing the resorption process.MethodsBetween April 2016 and July 2017 clinically driven invasive coronary angiography and OCT examinations were performed in 36 patients who had previously been treated with a total of 48 BRS (ABSORB BVS, Abbott Vascular, Santa Clara, CA). For each scaffold, a new BRS‐RESORB‐INDEX (BRI) was calculated.ResultsThe mean time interval since implantation was 789 ± 321 days. In OCT, BRS struts remained detectable in all 48 BRS. Normalized light intensity as a marker for the resorption of BRS struts increased with time in a linear fashion (Spearman Rho: p < .001, correlation coefficient = .90; R2 [linear] = .91). Multivariable analysis identified diabetes (BRI of patients with diabetes vs. patients without diabetes: 0.34 ± 0.13 vs. 0.58 ± 0.22; p = .002) and presence of Peri‐strut low intensity areas (PSLIA, BRI of 10 patients with PSLIA vs. 26 patients without PSLIA: 0.44 ± 0.21 vs. 0.61 ± 18; p = .027) as independent predictors for a prolonged BRS resorption, whereas the resorption rate in ACS patients (STEMI, NSTEMI, and unstable angina; n = 13) was significantly higher as compared to patients without ACS (0.62 ± 0.17 vs. 0.43 ± 0.24; p = .012).ConclusionIn humans, BRS resorption rate is significantly influenced by numerous factors. Our data suggest that diabetes and PSLIA are associated with a prolonged resorption process, whereas in ACS patients, BRS resorption appears to be significantly faster.
Ethanol and Higher Alcohols Synthesis from Syngas over CuCoM (M=Fe, Cr, Ga and Al) Nanoplates Derived From Hydrotalcite‐Like Precursors
Authors: Sun Kai , Wu Yingquan , Tan Minghui , Wang Liyan , Yang Guohui , Zhang Min , Zhang Wei , Tan Yisheng 
Published: April 2019

AbstractA series of CuCoM (M=Fe, Cr, Ga and Al) nanoplates derived from hydrotalcite‐like precursors were synthesized by co‐precipitation method and evaluated for ethanol and higher alcohols (HA) from syngas. The CuCoAl nanoplates demonstrated prominently improved HA selectivity of 54.9 %, and the fraction of ethanol/HA reached up to 55.9 % level. As revealed by XRD and HAADF‐STEM results, the presence of Al species in the CuCoAl nanoplates obviously enhanced the dispersion ability of Cu and Co species. Moreover, the abundance of basic sites (surface hydroxyl groups) on CuCoAl nanoplates resulted in the formation of formate species, which was a significant C1 species for the generation of CHx intermediates. More importantly, a high probability of CO bridge adsorption on metallic Co atoms was found over optimized CuCoAl catalyst, which provided a favorable effect for CO dissociation, leading to the formation of CHx intermediates. Therefore, more CHx intermediates were generated from the formate species and CO bridge adsorption on metallic Co atoms, which provided a beneficial role for C−C chain growth in the higher alcohols production in CO hydrogenation reaction. Furthermore, a moderate ratio of surface Cu/Co was observed over optimized CuCoAl nanoplates, which can exert a synergetic effect between Cu and Co species. Ultimately, the enhanced catalytic performance was attributed to the combination of the Cu and Co species and the basic property of the CuCoAl nanoplates.
Application of Water‐Swollen Thin‐Film Composite Membrane in Flue Gas Purification
Authors: Žitková Andrea , Kárászová Magda , Stanovský Petr , Vejražka Jiři , Izák Pavel 
Published: April 2019

AbstractA water‐swollen thin‐film composite membrane, which was a reverse osmosis membrane with a thin polyamide layer, was used to separate a model mixture of N2, CO2, and SO2. The polyamide swells with water, and thus, becomes more permeable to polar gases. The flue gas contains water vapor, which must be removed before it is subjected to SO2 removal. Here moisture is employed to keep the membrane swollen. Using the model mixture, the humidified feed stream is brought to the membrane, where it is cooled below the dew point, so that water condenses on the membrane to keep the polyamide swollen. The membrane showed high CO2 and SO2 permeance, but low selectivity, so it could be applied to separate these two gases from N2, and thus, is suitable for flue gas purification.
Tunable Supramolecular Gel Properties by Varying Thermal History
Authors: Debnath Sisir , Roy Sangita , Abul‐Haija Yousef M. , Frederix Pim W. J. M. , Ramalhete Susana M. , Hirst Andrew R. , Javid Nadeem , Hunt Neil T. , Kelly Sharon M. , Angulo Jesús , Khimyak Yaroslav Z. , Ulijn Rein V. 
Published: April 2019

AbstractThe possibility of using differential pre‐heating prior to supramolecular gelation to control the balance between hydrogen‐bonding and aromatic stacking interactions in supramolecular gels and obtain consequent systematic regulation of structure and properties is demonstrated. Using a model aromatic peptide amphiphile, Fmoc‐tyrosyl‐leucine (Fmoc‐YL) and a combination of fluorescence, infrared, circular dichroism and NMR spectroscopy, it is shown that the balance of these interactions can be adjusted by temporary exposure to elevated temperatures in the range 313–365 K, followed by supramolecular locking in the gel state by cooling to room temperature. Distinct regimes can be identified regarding the balance between H‐bonding and aromatic stacking interactions, with a transition point at 333 K. Consequently, gels can be obtained with customizable properties, including supramolecular chirality and gel stiffness. The differential supramolecular structures also result in changes in proteolytic stability, highlighting the possibility of obtaining a range of supramolecular architectures from a single molecular structure by simply controlling the pre‐assembly temperature.
An Aromatic Dyad Motif in Dye Decolourising Peroxidases Has Implications for Free Radical Formation and Catalysis
Authors: Chaplin Amanda K. , Chicano Tadeo Moreno , Hampshire Bethany V. , Wilson Michael T. , Hough Michael A. , Svistunenko Dimitri A. , Worrall Jonathan A. R. 
Published: April 2019

AbstractDye decolouring peroxidases (DyPs) are the most recent class of heme peroxidase to be discovered. On reacting with H2O2, DyPs form a high‐valent iron(IV)‐oxo species and a porphyrin radical (Compound I) followed by stepwise oxidation of an organic substrate. In the absence of substrate, the ferryl species decays to form transient protein‐bound radicals on redox active amino acids. Identification of radical sites in DyPs has implications for their oxidative mechanism with substrate. Using a DyP from Streptomyces lividans, referred to as DtpA, which displays low reactivity towards synthetic dyes, activation with H2O2 was explored. A Compound I EPR spectrum was detected, which in the absence of substrate decays to a protein‐bound radical EPR signal. Using a newly developed version of the Tyrosyl Radical Spectra Simulation Algorithm, the radical EPR signal was shown to arise from a pristine tyrosyl radical and not a mixed Trp/Tyr radical that has been widely reported in DyP members exhibiting high activity with synthetic dyes. The radical site was identified as Tyr374, with kinetic studies inferring that although Tyr374 is not on the electron‐transfer pathway from the dye RB19, its replacement with a Phe does severely compromise activity with other organic substrates. These findings hint at the possibility that alternative electron‐transfer pathways for substrate oxidation are operative within the DyP family. In this context, a role for a highly conserved aromatic dyad motif is discussed.
Facile Preparation of Snowflake‐Like MnO2@NiCo2O4 Composites for Highly Efficient Electromagnetic Wave Absorption
Authors: Wei Shuang , Wang Xiaoxia , Zheng Yiwei , Chen Tao , Zhou Congli , Chen Shougang , Liu Jingquan 
Published: April 2019

AbstractSnowflake‐like MnO2@NiCo2O4 composites were successfully fabricated by employing crossed snowflake‐like MnO2 nanorods as cores and one‐dimensional (1D) NiCo2O4 nanoneedles as shells. Impressively, the MnO2@NiCo2O4 composites exhibited a highly efficient electromagnetic wave (EMW) absorbing capability, and the minimum reflection loss (RL) value reached −58.4 dB at 6.8 GHz for a thickness of 4.0 mm. The reasons for the improved EMW absorption capability of snowflake‐like MnO2@NiCo2O4 composites were analyzed. The unique core–shell structure, good impedance matching, and high dielectric loss were all found to be important contributors. Moreover, the interfacial polarization mainly stemmed from the heterostructure, a microcurrent generated from the 1D MnO2 nanorods and NiCo2O4 nanoneedles under alternating electromagnetic fields, and the synergistic effect from the different components were all beneficial to improve the EMW absorption performance. These results demonstrated that snowflake‐like MnO2@NiCo2O4 composites could be utilized as promising materials for practical EMW absorbing applications.
New Polyfluorinated Cyanine Dyes for Selective NIR Staining of Mitochondria
Authors: Braun Alexander B. , Wehl Ilona , Kölmel Dominik K. , Schepers Ute , Bräse Stefan 
Published: April 2019

AbstractIn this communication, the synthesis of three unknown polyfluorinated cyanine dyes and their application as selective markers for mitochondria are presented. By incorporating fluorous side chains into cyanine dyes, their remarkable photophysical properties were enhanced. To investigate their biological application, several different cell lines were incubated with the synthesized cyanine dyes. It was discovered that the presented dyes can be utilized for selective near‐infrared‐light (NIR) staining of mitochondria, with very low cytotoxicity determined by MTT assay. This is the first time that polyfluorinated cyanine fluorophores are presented as selective markers for mitochondria. Due to the versatile applications of polyfluorinated fluorophores in bioimaging and materials science, it is expected that the presented fluorophores will be stimulating for the scientific community.
Rhodium‐Catalyzed [2+1+2+1] Cycloaddition of Benzoic Acids with Diynes through Decarboxylation and C≡C Triple Bond Cleavage
Authors: Honjo Yusaku , Shibata Yu , Tanaka Ken 
Published: April 2019

AbstractIt has been established that an electron‐deficient cyclopentadienyl rhodium(III) (CpERhIII) complex catalyzes the oxidative and decarboxylative [2+1+2+1] cycloaddition of benzoic acids with diynes through C≡C triple bond cleavage, leading to fused naphthalenes. This cyclotrimerization is initiated by directed ortho C−H bond cleavage of a benzoic acid, and the subsequent regioselective alkyne insertion and decarboxylation produce a five‐membered rhodacycle. The electron‐deficient nature of the CpERhIII complex promotes reductive elimination giving a cyclobutadiene–rhodium(I) complex rather than the second intermolecular alkyne insertion. The oxidative addition of the thus generated cyclobutadiene to rhodium(I) (formal C≡C triple bond cleavage) followed by the second intramolecular alkyne insertion and reductive elimination give the corresponding [2+1+2+1] cycloaddition product. The synthetic utility of the present [2+1+2+1] cycloaddition was demonstrated in the facile synthesis of a donor–acceptor [5]helicene and a hemi‐hexabenzocoronene by a combination with the chemoselective Scholl reaction.
Nuclear microsatellite and mitochondrial DNA analyses reveal the regional genetic structure and phylogeographical history of a sanguivorous land leech, Haemadipsa japonica, in Japan
Authors: Morishima Kaori , Aizawa Mineaki 
Published: April 2019

AbstractRecent molecular studies have indicated that phylogeographical history of Japanese biota is likely shaped by geohistory along with biological events, such as distribution shifts, isolation, and divergence of populations. However, the genetic structure and phylogeographical history of terrestrial Annelida species, including leech species, are poorly understood. Therefore, we aimed to understand the genetic structure and phylogeographical history across the natural range of Haemadipsa japonica, a sanguivorous land leech species endemic to Japan, by using nine polymorphic nuclear microsatellites (nSSR) and cytochrome oxidase subunit one (COI) sequences of mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA). Analyses using nSSR revealed that H. japonica exhibited a stronger regional genetic differentiation among populations (G'ST = 0.77) than other animal species, probably because of the low mobility of land leech. Analyses using mtDNA indicated that H. japonica exhibited two distinct lineages (A and B), which were estimated to have diverged in the middle Pleistocene and probably because of range fragmentation resulting from climatic change and glacial and interglacial cycles. Lineage A was widely distributed across Japan, and lineage B was found in southwestern Japan. Analyses using nSSR revealed that lineage A was roughly divided into two population groups (i.e., northeastern and southwestern Japan); these analyses also revealed a gradual decrease in genetic diversity with increasing latitude in lineage A and a strong genetic drift in populations of northeastern Japan. Combined with the largely unresolved shallow polytomies from the mtDNA phylogeny, these results implied that lineage A may have undergone a rapid northward migration, probably during the Holocene. Then, the regional genetic structure with local unique gene pools may have been formed within each lineage because of the low mobility of this leech species.