bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Preparation of MOF Confined Ag Nanoparticles for the Highly Active, Size Selective Hydrogenation of Olefins
Authors: Chen Wen‐Jing , Cheng Bin‐Hai , Sun Qing‐Ting , Jiang Hong 
Published: June 2018

AbstractCatalysts with both high activity and good selectivity for hydrogenation of olefins to alkanes are of interest. Herein, MOF confined ultrafine Ag NPs (Ag@HKUST‐1) were synthesized by double‐solvent approach using HKUST‐1 as the template and support. HKUST‐1 with narrow cage size distribution (0.5 to 0.9 nm) confined the growth of Ag NPs, while the uniform pores prohibited the entrance of olefins with the molecular size lager than 5.0 Å, which endow the Ag@HKUST‐1 with high catalytic activity and size selectivity for hydrogenation reaction. The hydrogenation of eight kinds of olefins with different molecular size (1‐hexene, cyclohexene, 1‐octene, cyclooctene, styrene, 1‐decene, 1, 1‐diphenylethylene, and 1‐dodecene) catalyzed by Ag@HKUST‐1 confirmed this hypothesis. The olefins with molecular smaller than 5.0 Å were efficiently converted to the corresponding alkanes, whereas those greater than 5.0 Å exhibited extremely low conversation. The catalyst also exhibited high recycle stability in the hydrogenation of styrene.
Effects of Instrumental Filters on Electrochemical Measurement of Single‐Nanoparticle Collision Dynamics
Authors: Robinson Donald A. , Edwards Martin A. , Ren Hang , White Henry S. 
Published: June 2018

AbstractWe discuss herein present‐day instrumental limitations to the electrochemical measurement of fast processes occurring at the single‐entity scale. We focus on the effect of filters on potentiostatic experiments in which the monitored current results from partial oxidations of an individual Ag nanoparticle undergoing repeated high‐frequency collisions with an electrode. From analysis of the resulting peak‐shaped current‐time events, we conclude that the average timescale of a single Ag nanoparticle/electrode collision is too short to resolve at the temporal limitations of current instrumentation. These findings are consistent with previously reported random walk model that predicts nanoparticle/electrode interactions at nanosecond timescales.
Aqueous Isolation of 17‐Nuclear Zr/Hf Oxide Clusters during the Hydrothermal Synthesis of ZrO2/HfO2
Authors: Sun Qing , Liu Caiyun , Zhang Guanyun , Zhang Jian , Tung Chen‐Ho , Wang Yifeng 
Published: June 2018

AbstractNovel 17‐nuclear Zr/Hf oxide clusters ({Zr17} and {Hf17}) are isolated from aqueous systems. In the clusters, Zr/Hf ions are connected through μ3‐O, μ3‐OH, and μ2‐OH linkages into a pinwheel core which is wrapped with SO42−, HCOO−, and aqua ligands. Octahedral hexanuclear Zr/Hf oxide clusters ({Zr6}oct and {Hf6}oct) are also isolated from the same hydrothermal system by decreasing the synthesis temperature. Structures, synthetic conditions, vibrational spectra, and ionic conductivity of the clusters are studied. Structural studies and synthesis inspection suggest that formation of {Zr6}oct and {Zr17} involves assembly of the same transferable building blocks, but the condensation degree and thermodynamic stability of the products increase with hydrothermal temperature. The role of {Zr6}oct and {Zr17} in the formation of ZrO2 nanocrystals are then discussed in the scenario of nonclassical nucleation theory. In addition, the Zr oxide clusters exhibit ionic conductivity owing to the mobility of protons. This study not only adds new members to the Zr/Hf oxide cluster family, but also establishes a connection from Zr4+ ions to ZrO2 in the hydrothermal preparation of zirconium oxide nanomaterials.
Selective Synthesis of Unsymmetrical Aliphatic Acyloins through Oxidation of Iridium Enolates
Authors: Sanz‐Marco Amparo , Martinez‐Erro Samuel , Martín‐Matute Belén 
Published: June 2018

AbstractThe first method to access unsymmetrical aliphatic acyloins is presented. The method relies on a fast 1,3‐hydride shift mediated by an IrIII complex in allylic alcohols followed by oxidation with TEMPO+. The direct conversion of allylic alcohols into acyloins is achieved in a one‐pot procedure. Further functionalization of the Cα′ of the α‐amino‐oxylated ketone products gives access to highly functionalized unsymmetrical aliphatic ketones, which further highlights the utility of this transformation.
Zero‐dimensional lumped approach to incorporate the dynamic part of the pressure at vessel junctions in a 1D wave propagation model
Authors: van den Boom Tim , Stevens Raoul , Delhaas Tammo , van de Vosse Frans , Huberts Wouter 
Published: June 2018

AbstractA benchmark study by Boileau et al tested 6 commonly used numerical schemes for 1D wave propagation, for their ability to capture the main features of pressure, flow, and area waveforms in large arteries. While all numerical schemes showed good agreement in pressure and flow waveforms for smaller arterial networks, the simplified trapezium rule method proposed by Kroon et al showed an overestimation for the systolic pressure of 1% in proximal regions and an underestimation of 3% in distal regions in comparison with the 5 other schemes when using a larger arterial network, published as the ADAN56 model. The authors attributed this difference to the neglection of the dynamic part of the pressure at vessel junctions. Carson et al resolved these differences by proposing 2 methods to implement the dynamic part of the pressure in the simplified trapezium rule method scheme. In the present study, an alternative method is introduced extending the work by Kroon et al. This alternative method consists of a new 0D element, which is placed at vessel junctions. The strength of this new element is the ease of implementation and its flexible coupling with other elements, without introducing additional degrees of freedom or the need of a penalty function. This new approach is compared with 5 other numerical schemes, which already have the dynamic part of the pressure incorporated. The new method shows excellent agreement with these schemes for the ADAN56 model.
Enhancement of Stability and Photocatalytic Performance on Hybrid Perovskite with Aniline
Authors: Wang Yidi , Luo Liangfeng , Chen Lei , Ng Pui Fai , Lee Ka I , Fei Bin 
Published: June 2018

AbstractAniline was introduced into the synthesis of methylammonium lead bromide MAPbBr3 (M‐PE) as a capping ligand. With the appropriate steric hindrance, aniline effectively bound to the surface of M‐PE particles and exposed hydrophobic phenyl groups, which were greatly beneficial for the enhancement of stability. M‐PE and aniline‐capped M‐PE (AM‐PE) were characterized by XRD, photoluminescence, UV/Vis spectroscopy, SEM and TEM. AM‐PE showed more uniform morphology and much higher stability in polar solvents. AM‐PE was almost unchanged in acetone within 100 hours while M‐PE completely decomposed within 24 hours. Light harvesting in the visible region was also enhanced by aniline, so that AM‐PE had much better performance for photodegradation of malachite green (MaG) than M‐PE. In addition, the decomposition process of M‐PE and AM‐PE was also investigated in detail.
Density Functional Theory – Machine Learning Approach to Analyze the Bandgap of Elemental Halide Perovskites and Ruddlesden‐Popper Phases
Authors: Allam Omar , Holmes Colin , Greenberg Zev , Kim Ki Chul , Jang Seung Soon 
Published: June 2018

AbstractIn this study, we have developed a protocol for exploring the vast chemical space of possible perovskites and screening promising candidates. Furthermore, we examined the factors that affect the band gap energies of perovskites. The Goldschmidt tolerance factor and octahedral factor, which range from 0.98 to 1 and from 0.45 to 0.7, respectively, are used to filter only highly cubic perovskites that are stable at room temperature. After removing rare or radioactively unstable elements, quantum mechanical density functional theory calculations are performed on the remaining perovskites to assess whether their electronic properties such as band structure are suitable for solar cell applications. Similar calculations are performed on the Ruddlesden‐Popper phase. Furthermore, machine learning was utilized to assess the significance of input parameters affecting the band gap of the perovskites.
Path integral approach for Stark broadening of Lyman lines in hydrogen plasma
Authors: Bedida N. , Difallah M. , Meftah M.T. , Reinholz H. , Röpke G. 
Published: June 2018

New results for Lyman lines from hydrogen plasmas are presented using the path integral approach. The influence of plasma components (electrons and ions) on the radiator is analysed separately. The ionic contribution is treated within the path integral approach, while the electronic contribution is estimated by the standard collision operator. The Stark effect, including the ion quadrupole contribution, is considered. The time‐dependent ionic microfield is treated within the path integral approximation using the model microfield method (MMM). The comparison with the quantum statistical approach is performed using a wide range of temperatures (T = 104–107 K) and electron densities (Ne = 1023–1026 m−3). Good agreement is mainly obtained for low density and high temperature.
A cooperative Bayesian and lower bound estimation in dynamic framed slotted ALOHA algorithm for RFID systems
Authors: Benssalah Mustapha , Djeddou Mustapha , Dahou Brahim , Drouiche Karim , Maali Abdelmadjid 
Published: June 2018

SummaryA novel estimation scheme that combines Bayesian and lower bound estimating radio frequency identification tag population size is proposed. The developed methodology is based on the fusion between the Bayesian and lower bound estimating techniques. It turns out that the fusion rule is built up thanks to an existing linear relationship between the cited techniques. Simulation results show that the developed technique significantly improves the accuracy of the estimating tag quantity and presents less estimation error. Also, the resulting advanced dynamic framed slotted ALOHA protocol considerably improves the performance and efficiency of the radio frequency identification anti‐collision compared with the most recent protocols using others estimating methods.
Joint spectrum sensing and resource allocation optimization using genetic algorithm for frequency hopping–based cognitive radio networks
Authors: Yoo Sang‐Jo , Shrestha Anish Prasad , Seo Myunghwan , Han Chul‐Hee , Park Minho , Lee Kwang‐Eog 
Published: June 2018

SummaryIn cognitive radio (CR) networks, secondary users should effectively use unused licensed spectrums, unless they cause any harmful interference to the primary users. Therefore, spectrum sensing and channel resource allocation are the 2 main functionalities of CR networks, which play important roles in the performance of a CR system. To maximize the CR system utility, we propose a joint out‐of‐band spectrum sensing and operating channel allocation scheme based on genetic algorithm for frequency hopping–based CR networks. In this paper, to effectively sense the primary signal on hopping channels at each hopping slot time, a set of member nodes sense the next hopping channel, which is called out‐of‐band sensing. To achieve collision‐free cooperative sensing reporting, the next channel detection notification mechanism is presented. Using genetic algorithm, the optimum sensing and data transmission schedules are derived. It selects a sensing node set that participate the spectrum sensing for the next expected hopping channel during the current channel hopping time and another set of nodes that take opportunity for transmitting data on the current hopping channel. The optimum channel allocation is performed in accordance with each node's individual traffic demand. Simulation results show that the proposed scheme can achieve reliable spectrum sensing and efficient channel allocation.
Children’s autonomic functioning moderates links between maternal rejecting attitudes and preschool aggressive behaviors
Authors: Wagner Nicholas J. , Hastings Paul D. , Rubin Kenneth H. 
Published: June 2018

AbstractSubstantial theoretical and empirical literature suggests that the extent to which children's early experiences contribute to the development of aggressive behaviors may depend on the psychophysiological regulatory capacities of the child. This study adds to this literature by examining the relations between mothers’ rejecting child‐rearing attitudes and children's aggressive behaviors, as well as whether children's parasympathetic regulation, both at rest and in response to anger‐inducing films, moderate these links. Using the data collected from 88 preschoolers (mage = 51 months), the results revealed that the positive association between mothers’ rejecting child‐rearing attitudes and children's aggressive behaviors was moderated by respiratory sinus arrhythmia (RSA) reactivity to anger. More rejecting child‐rearing attitudes predicted more aggressive behaviors only for children who showed mild RSA suppression to RSA augmentation. Conversely, and consistent with the differential‐susceptibility model, children who showed mild RSA suppression to RSA augmentation had the fewest aggressive behaviors when mothers reported less rejecting child‐rearing attitudes.
Gut microbiome in type 1 diabetes: A comprehensive review
Authors: Zheng Peilin , Li Zhixia , Zhou Zhiguang 
Published: June 2018

SummaryType 1 diabetes (T1D) is an autoimmune disease, which is characterized by the destruction of islet β cells in the pancreas triggered by genetic and environmental factors. In past decades, extensive familial and genome‐wide association studies have revealed more than 50 risk loci in the genome. However, genetic susceptibility cannot explain the increased incidence of T1D worldwide, which is very likely attributed by the growing impact of environmental factors, especially gut microbiome. Recently, the role of gut microbiome in the pathogenesis of T1D has been uncovered by the increasing evidence from both human subjects and animal models, strongly indicating that gut microbiome might be a pivotal hub of T1D‐triggering factors, especially environmental factors. In this review, we summarize the current aetiological and mechanism studies of gut microbiome in T1D. A better understanding of the role of gut microbiome in T1D may provide us with powerful prognostic and therapeutic tools in the near future.
The influence of conopid flies on bumble bee colony productivity under different food resource conditions
Authors: Malfi Rosemary L. , Walter Jonathan A. , Roulston T'ai H. , Stuligross Clara , McIntosh Sarah , Bauer Lewis 
Published: June 2018

AbstractFloral resources and natural enemies are considered important drivers of wild bee population dynamics, yet there is little information on how these factors, either independently or in combination, influence the demographic performance of bees. Bumble bees (Bombus spp.), ecologically important social insects, have long colony cycles lasting many weeks. Food shortfalls during the colony lifetime can result in smaller colony sizes and lower reproductive output. Conopid flies (Conopidae, Diptera) are prevalent endoparasitoids of bumble bees, often infecting high percentages of free‐flying individuals. Conopids can reduce worker life span and foraging efficiency; consequently, they may negatively affect colony success. In this study, we evaluated how seasonal variability in food resources and conopid parasitism together influence the productivity of bumble bee colonies through construction of a simulation model. In addition to simulating colony performance in relation to a defined food environment and conopid‐induced worker mortality, we evaluated how daily background mortality risk and the timing of colony initiation affected growth and reproductive outcomes of colonies, as well as the degree of influence exerted by conopids. Model parameters were largely informed by field data collected from Bombus impatiens colonies at our study site (Blandy Experimental Farm, Boyce, Virginia, USA), including data on forager risk of conopid parasitism as assessed using radio‐frequency identification (RFID) technology. In spite of the high probability of parasitism (4% per hour of flight during seasonal peak) incorporated into our model simulations, lethal parasitism by conopids generally had a modest influence on colony productivity, reducing reproductive output by 15% or less across most tested scenarios. However, conopids were more influential under very low resource conditions, reducing reproductive output by 21–28%. Inclusion of sublethal effects of conopids on foraging activity further reduced colony performance in all scenarios, but had a greater impact on colony performance under the poorest resource conditions. This work emphasizes that the importance of natural enemies to the demographic performance of bees can increase under certain environmental conditions and highlights the value of using models to consider multiple stressors that are difficult to evaluate simultaneously in field experiments.
Regional ground‐motion prediction equations for amplitude‐, frequency response‐, and duration‐based parameters for Greece
Authors: Chousianitis Konstantinos , Del Gaudio Vincenzo , Pierri Pierpaolo , Tselentis G.‐Akis 
Published: June 2018

SummaryAlthough all of the main properties of a ground motion cannot be captured through a single parameter, a number of different engineering parameters has been proposed that are able to reflect either one or more ground‐motion characteristics concurrently. For many of these parameters, especially regarding Greece, there are relatively few or no predictive models. In this context, we present a set of new regionally‐calibrated equations for the prediction of the geometric mean of the horizontal components of 10 amplitude‐, frequency response‐, and duration‐based parameters for shallow crustal earthquakes. These equations supersede previous empirical relationships for Greece since their applicability range for magnitude, and epicentral distance has been extended down to Mw 4 and up to 200 km, respectively, the incorporation of a term accounting for anelastic attenuation has been investigated, while their development was based on a ground‐motion dataset spanning from 1973 to 2014. For all ground‐motion parameters, we provide alternative optimal equations relative to the availability of information on the different explanatory variables. In all velocity‐based and contrary to the acceleration‐based parameters, the anelastic attenuation coefficient was found statistically insignificant when it was combined with the geometric decay and the coefficient accounting for saturation with distance. In the regressions where the geometric decay coefficient simultaneously incorporated the contribution of anelastic attenuation, its increase was found to be much less considerable in the velocity‐based than in the acceleration‐based parameters, implying a stronger effect of anelastic attenuation on the parameters that are defined via the acceleration time history.
Childhood body mass index and development of eating disorder traits across adolescence
Authors: Wiklund Camilla A. , Kuja‐Halkola Ralf , Thornton Laura M. , Bälter Katarina , Welch Elisabeth , Bulik Cynthia M. 
Published: June 2018

AbstractObjectiveUnderstanding the role of premorbid body mass index (BMI) in the emergence of eating disorders may be key to identifying effective prevention strategies. We explore relations between BMI and eating disorders traits in young twins.MethodThe effect of BMI at age 9/12 and 15 on eating disorder traits measured using the Eating Disorders Inventory‐2 (EDI) at ages 15 and 18 was examined using bivariate modelling in a longitudinal population sample of Swedish twins.ResultsThe correlation between BMI and EDI within individuals was stable across all ages and remained significant after adjusting for later BMI. Bivariate analysis indicated significant positive genetic correlations between BMI ages 9/12 and 15 and subsequent EDI scores. The relationship remained significant for BMI age 9/12 and EDI age 15 in the adjusted model, indicating a longitudinal association.ConclusionOur results have implications for conceptualizing the interrelation of BMI and eating disorders across childhood and adolescence.
Exploring microservices for enhancing internet QoS
Authors: Bhamare Deval , Samaka Mohammed , Erbad Aiman , Jain Raj , Gupta Lav 
Published: June 2018

AbstractWith the enhancements in the field of software‐defined networking and virtualization technologies, novel networking paradigms such as network function virtualization and the Internet of Things are rapidly gaining ground. The development of Internet of Things and 5G networks and explosion in online services has resulted in an exponential growth of devices connected to the network. As a result, application service providers and Internet service providers are being confronted with the unprecedented challenge of accommodating increasing service and traffic demands from the geographically distributed users. To tackle this problem, many and ISPs, such as Netflix, Facebook, and AT&T, are increasingly adopting microservices application architecture. Despite the success of microservices in the industry, there is no specific standard or research work for service providers as guidelines, especially from the perspective of basic microservice operations. In this work, we aim to bridge this gap between the industry and the academia and discuss different microservice deployment, discovery, and communication options for service providers as a means to forming complete service chains. In addition, we address the problem of scheduling microservices across multiple clouds, including microclouds. We consider different user‐level service level agreements, such as latency and cost, while scheduling such services. We aim to reduce the overall turnaround time and costs for the deployment of complete end‐to‐end service. In this work, we present a novel affinity‐based fair weighted scheduling heuristic to solve this problem. We also compare the results of the proposed solution with standard greedy scheduling algorithms presented in the literature and observe significant improvements.
International comparisons of disparities in access to care for people with mental health conditions
Authors: Corscadden Lisa , Callander Emily J. , Topp Stephanie M. 
Published: June 2018

SummaryObjectiveRelatively little is known about experiences of barriers in access to overall care for people with mental health conditions (MHCs), or disparities between people with and without MHCs, or how patterns vary across countries.Data and methodThe 2016 Commonwealth Fund International Health Policy Survey of adults was used to compare access barriers for people with MHCs across 11 countries, and disparities within countries between people with and without an MHC, using normalized scores. Disparities were also assessed by using multivariable models adjusting for age, sex, immigrant status, income, and self‐rated health.ResultOn average, people with MHCs had a higher prevalence of barriers, with a gap of 7 percentage points between people with and without MHCs. The gap ranged from 5 to 9% across countries. For people with an MHC, the most common access barriers were skipping care due to cost (26%) and receiving conflicting information from providers (26%). For all countries, having an MHC was associated with higher odds of experiencing barriers of access to care on several measures, with at least 1 case where the adjusted odds were greater than 2.ConclusionThere is an imperative to improve monitoring of access to overall health care for people with MHCs and an opportunity learn from countries with fewer barriers and disparities in access to care.