bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
WD40 protein OsTTG1 promotes anthocyanin accumulation and CBF transcription factor-dependent pathways for rice cold tolerance
Authors: Zhu Chenli , Yang Xinghai , Chen Weiwei , Xia Xiuzhong , Zhang Zhongqiong , Qing Dongjin , Nong Baoxuan , Li Jingcheng , Liang Shuhui , Luo Shuangshuang , Zhou Weiyong , Yan Yong , Dai Gaoxing , Li Danting , Deng Guofu 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
Temperature is a critical abiotic factor affecting rice (Oryza sativa L.) yields, and cold stress at the seedling stage can inhibit plant growth or even be fatal. Antioxidants such as anthocyanins accumulate in a variety of plants during cold stress, but the underlying mechanisms are not well understood. Here, we report that rice TRANSPARENT TESTA GLABRA 1 (OsTTG1), a major regulator of anthocyanin biosynthesis in rice, responds to short- and long-term cold stress at both the transcriptional and protein levels. Metabolomic and transcriptomic data indicate that OsTTG1 activates the expression of anthocyanidin synthase (OsANS) genes under cold stress. Our data also suggest that OsTTG1 forms a MYB–bHLH–WD (MBW) complex with Basic helix-loop-helix 148 (OsbHLH148) and Myb-related S3 (OsMYBS3), and this complex activates the expression of Dehydration-responsive element-binding protein 1 (OsDREB1) and OsANS genes. Together, our findings reveal the mechanisms by which OsTTG1 coordinates both anthocyanin biosynthesis and the expression of cold-responsive genes in colored rice, providing genetic resources for future cold resistance breeding in rice.
Sources of bias in studies reporting birth prevalence of congenital anomalies: a scoping review and reporting checklist
Authors: Dharmarajan Sumedha , Bhide Prajkta , Kar Anita 
Published: November 2024

AbstractBackgroundData on the birth prevalence of congenital anomalies in low- and middle-income countries report wide variations in prevalence estimates. We conducted a scoping review to identify the sources of bias in studies reporting birth prevalence of congenital anomalies in World Health Organization South-East Asia region (SEAR) countries.MethodsPubMed and Google Scholar databases were screened for relevant literature. Data on study characteristics and sources of bias was extracted. A narrative synthesis of the data is reported using the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses extension for Scoping Reviews checklist. A checklist for reporting studies on birth prevalence of congenital anomalies (CD-Checklist) was developed.ResultsThe literature search retrieved 47 articles. Birth prevalence varied from 0.21% to 9.68%. Sampling bias was evident as studies were single hospital studies, lacked relevant description of sample, did not justify sample size or describe the process of sampling. Information bias was identified as studies did not mention classification system used, and failed to clearly distinguish between number of malformations and babies with malformations. Observer and reporting bias were noted.ConclusionsSeveral sources of bias introduce variations in birth prevalence reports of congenital anomalies in SEAR countries. A checklist (CD-Checklist) has been suggested which can guide investigators to minimize the risk of bias in studies.
Complex Attention-Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder in a 4-Year-Old With Repaired Critical Congenital Heart Disease and Autism Spectrum Disorder
Authors: Campbell Kathleen , Wallis Kate E. , El-Messidi Hampton Lyla , Burnham Alisa , Mercer-Rosa Laura , Miller Olivia , Mazza Laura , Diekroger Elizabeth , Fogler Jason 
Published: November 2024

ABSTRACT

Background:
Congenital heart disease (CHD) is a risk factor for developmental delay and for attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD). The Cardiac Neurodevelopmental Outcome Collaborative has developed recommendations for ongoing monitoring of this at-risk population to be able to detect developmental, learning, and behavioral concerns, as they become apparent as a child ages.

Case Presentation:
A 4-year-old boy with tetralogy of Fallot with a ventricular septal defect repaired in infancy was followed periodically in the cardiac neurodevelopmental follow-up clinic and diagnosed with autism spectrum disorder as well as additional developmental and medical issues. He received early childhood special education and therapeutic interventions as well as social skills training and applied behavior analysis. At age 4 years, Alex presented with symptoms of hyperactivity, inattention, impulsivity, and immediate safety concerns for elopement. The clinician diagnosed him with ADHD-combined type. He was recommended to start medication in addition to behavioral and developmental supports. Managing medications in a child with CHD and ADHD presents unique challenges, and medication decisions were carefully made in collaboration with the child’s cardiologist. After some medication adjustments and ongoing behavioral therapy to address behaviors associated with ADHD and autism spectrum disorder, the child is doing well academically and socially.

Conclusion:
Attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder medications can be safely prescribed in patients with CHD. However, pharmacotherapy for co-occurring ADHD and CHD needs an additional level of oversight and collaboration between cardiology and prescribing clinicians. Behavioral therapies can be transdiagnostic and address challenges associated with autism and symptoms related to ADHD.
Utilization of Injectable and Device-Based Treatments in Medical Dermatology: A Survey on Demographics, Conditions, and Resident Involvement
Authors: Fathizadeh Sam , Richmond Alexandra , Almukhtar Rawaa 
Published: November 2024

BACKGROUND
Injectable and device-based treatments are used for medical dermatologic conditions, but understanding dermatologists' practices remains limited.

OBJECTIVE
This study examines injectable and device-based treatments for medical dermatologic conditions to identify patterns and potential improvements.

MATERIALS AND METHODS
A survey was distributed to Association of Academic Cosmetic Dermatology members, covering practice settings, conditions treated, pricing, and resident involvement.

RESULTS
Thirty-four of 40 (85%) respondents practiced in academic teaching hospitals, primarily in urban settings. Conditions treated included acne vulgaris, alopecia, skin cancers, disorders of pigmentation, follicular disorders, gender-affirming care, birthmarks, oncodermatology, rosacea, scars, tattoos, and vascular lesions. Treatments were offered at various prices, with clinical trials and insurance used in some cases. Resident involvement ranged from 72% to 94% of cases. Respondents also reported laser usage, with 100% using lasers for treating scars, 98% for treating vascular lesions, 98% for treating rosacea, and 88% for treating disorders of pigmentation. For acne vulgaris and associated scarring, the top treatments were chemical peels (86%), lasers (83%), and mechanical modalities (48%). With gender-affirming care, respondents used lasers (100%), filler (55%), and neurotoxins (48%).

CONCLUSION
Academic dermatologists treat medical dermatologic conditions and involve residents.
Influenza Activity and Preterm Birth in the Atlanta Metropolitan Area: A Time-Series Analysis from 2010 to 2017
Authors: Zheng Xiaping , Wang Tingyu , Hao Hua , D’Souza Rohan R. , Strickland Matthew J. , Warren Joshua L. , Darrow Lyndsey A. , Chang Howard H. 
Published: November 2024

Background:
Annual influenza epidemics lead to a substantial public health burden, and pregnant people are vulnerable to severe outcomes. Influenza during pregnancy is hypothesized to increase the risk of adverse birth outcomes, but population-based epidemiologic evidence remains limited and inconsistent.

Methods:
We conducted a time-series analysis to estimate short-term associations between community-level seasonal influenza activity and daily counts of preterm births in Atlanta, United States from October 17, 2010 to July 10, 2017. We defined weekly influenza exposures four ways: (1) percent test-positive from virologic surveillance, (2) percent of patients with symptoms of influenza-like illness (ILI) in outpatient settings, (3) a composite measure of percent test-positive and ILI, and (4) influenza hospitalization rates. We used Poisson log-linear models to estimate associations, adjusting for time-varying confounders and ongoing at-risk pregnancies. We further examined associations by influenza type and exposure lags and effect modification by maternal characteristics.

Results:
We studied a total of 316,253 births. We found consistent positive associations between influenza activity and preterm birth across different exposure measures and exposure lags. An interquartile range increase in a composite measure of ILI activity and percent test-positive was associated with a 1.014 (95% confidence interval: 1.001–1.027) increase in preterm birth during the same week. In stratified analyses, associations were more pronounced among married, non-Black, and Hispanic pregnant people.

Conclusion:
Periods of high influenza activity were associated with an increased risk of preterm birth.
Critical Assessment of Fellowship Director Gender and Ethnic Diversity across the Five Major Plastic Surgery Fellowships
Authors: Boroumand Sam , Stogniy Sasha , Katsnelson Beatrice , Allam Omar , Zahedi Vafa Aliyar , Sullivan Janessa , Pomahac Bohdan , Haykal Siba , Butler Paris D. 
Published: November 2024

Background:
Subspecialty fellowship directors are essential to the selection and mentorship of trainees. The purpose of this study is to evaluate the gender and racial/ethnic diversity of fellowship directors across fellowship programs in plastic and reconstructive surgery (PRS).

Methods:
In December 2023, listings of fellowship programs/directors were surveyed from respective professional society websites across the 5 primary PRS fellowships: hand (American Society for Surgery of the Hand), craniofacial (American Society of Craniofacial Surgeons), microsurgery (American Society for Reconstructive Microsurgery), aesthetic (The Aesthetic Society), and burn (American Burn Association). Fellowship director demographics from each program were researched and identified.

Results:
In total, 248 fellowship directors were identified: 94 hand, 34 craniofacial, 62 microsurgery, 38 aesthetic, and 20 burn. There was a significantly greater percentage of male versus female directors across all fellowships (87.5% versus 12.5%; P < 0.01). Men were noted to have a significantly higher average h-index score (20.4 versus 15.0; P = 0.045) but constituted a lower proportion of assistant professorships (32.3% versus 12.9%; P < 0.01). Relative to directors from racial/ethnic minority backgrounds, White directors constituted a significantly greater percentage of fellowship directors (72.9% versus 27.1%; P < 0.01) and had a greater number of years passed since completing their most recent training (21.7 versus 17.1; P = 0.030).

Conclusions:
Across PRS fellowship programs, women and racial/ethnic minorities are disproportionately underrepresented in leadership. Targeted initiatives to promote diversity in PRS fellowship directors should be considered as medicine works toward a surgical workforce more reflective of the patient population.
Acute physical exercise and ambulatory blood pressure in resistant hypertension
Authors: Saco-Ledo Gonzalo , Valenzuela Pedro L. , Almazán-Polo Jaime , Plaza-Florido Abel , Alejo Lidia B. , Bustos Asunción , Río-García Antía , Gálvez Beatriz G. , Rubio-González Esther , Fiuza-Luces Carmen , León-Sanz Miguel , Boraita Araceli , Santos-Lozano Alejandro , Ruilope Luis M. , Lucia Alejandro 
Published: November 2024

Objectives:
The effects of acute physical exercise in patients with resistant hypertension remain largely unexplored compared with hypertensive patients in general. We assessed the short-term effects of acute moderate-intensity (MICE) and high-intensity interval exercise (HIIE) on the clinic (BP) and 24-h ambulatory blood pressure (ABP) of patients with resistant hypertension.

Methods:
Using a crossover randomized controlled design, 10 participants (56 ± 7 years) with resistant hypertension performed three experimental sessions: MICE, HIIE, and control. MICE consisted of continuous treadmill exercise at an intensity of 3–4 metabolic equivalents of energy (METs) until completing 3 kcal/kg and was energy-matched to HIIE (which included six to eight intervals of 3 min duration at 6–7 METs interspersed with 1.5-min rests at 3 METs). In the control session, participants remained seated for 50 min. Flow-mediated vasodilation, autonomic nervous system balance (heart rate variability), exerkines [interleukin (IL)-6, IL-8, IL-15, vascular endothelial growth factor A, irisin, adiponectin, and angiopoietin] and 71 inflammatory-related proteins were also measured.

Results:
Compared with baseline, HIIE and MICE reduced clinic SBP immediately (P < 0.001 for both) and 90 min (P = 0.001 and P = 0.041, respectively) postexercise. HIIE and MICE also reduced clinic DBP immediately postexercise (P = 0.003 and P = 0.025). By contrast, no changes were found in the control session. On the other hand, no significant effects were noted for 24 h ABP measures or for the rest of variables.

Conclusion:
Although in patients with resistant hypertension, acute aerobic exercise induces short-term reductions in clinic BP, this stimulus does not suffice to reduce 24 h ABP or to impact on potential biological mechanisms.
Sedentary behavior modified the association between depression and risk of all-cause deaths in hypertensive population
Authors: Wang Haixu , Zhou Zeming , Zhang Lihua , Yu Fang , Li Jingkuo , Lei Lubi , Zhao Zhenyan , Zhao Jie 
Published: November 2024

Objective:
The pathogenic mechanism of depression involves chronic inflammation, which can be affected by sedentary behavior. This study aimed to determine whether sedentary behavior modified the association between depression and risk of death in the hypertensive population.

Methods:
Data from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (2007–2018) was analyzed. Depression was assessed through the Health Questionnaire-9, and sedentary behavior was evaluated using self-reported sitting hours in a day. Deaths were ascertained through the National Death Index until 31 December 2019. The interaction effect was evaluated through multivariable Cox regression analysis.

Results:
Eight thousand one hundred and twenty-four patients with hypertension were involved in the study. During a median follow-up of 7.3 years, we confirmed 1384 all-cause and 373 cardiovascular deaths. Separate analyses revealed that both depression and sitting for 6 h per day or more were correlated with increased risks of all-cause and cardiovascular deaths. Of note, we found that sitting time modified the link between depression and the risk of all-cause death (P for interaction: 0.02). Compared with the nondepression group, the depression group was correlated with an elevated risk of all-cause death among participants with sitting time of more than 6 h/day [hazard ratio 1.52, 95% confidence interval (CI) 1.22–1.91, P < 0.001], but not among participants with sitting time of less than 6 h/day (hazard ratio 0.95, 95% CI 0.65–1.39, P = 0.76).

Conclusion:
Sedentary behavior modified the link between depression and the risk of all-cause death. Reducing sedentary time might attenuate the detrimental effects of depression on survival in the hypertensive population.
Participation interest and completion of home blood pressure measurements with mailed devices in adults with and without hypertension
Authors: Weihrauch Tim , Lemcke Johannes , Büschges Julia Charlotte , Allen Jennifer , Schmich Patrick , Kintscher Ulrich , Maier Birga , Neuhauser Hannelore 
Published: November 2024

Objectives:
Home blood pressure monitoring (HBPM) is valuable for the detection and monitoring of hypertension. Despite logistical advantages, HBPM has not yet been used in national blood pressure (BP) surveys. We investigated randomly selected adults’ willingness to participate in an HBPM study (attitude survey) and piloted this approach (feasibility study).

Methods:
The attitude survey, part of the 2020 population representative cross-sectional telephone interview survey, German Health Update (GEDA), assessed willingness to self-measure BP on three days in the morning and evening in 6517 participants. Descriptive analyses and weighted log-binomial regression were used to examine associations between willingness to participate in HBPM and sociodemographic and health factors. The feasibility study piloted self-measurements with mailed devices, video instructions, and before and after online interviews with 258 commercial panel volunteers.

Results:
In the attitude survey, 38% of randomly selected adults expressed willingness to participate in the HBPM study. Willingness to participate was associated with higher education [risk ratio (RR) 1.63, 95% confidence interval (CI) 1.37–1.94] and medium education (RR 1.30, 95% CI 1.09–1.56) compared to low education, ages 18–39 (RR 1.69, 95% CI 1.45–1.97) and 40–59 (RR 1.37, 95% CI 1.20–1.58) compared to participants from age 60s, and self-reported hypertension (RR 1.19, 95% CI 1.04–1.36). In the feasibility study, 43% (n = 110) of those receiving a device completed the study.

Conclusion:
Our findings suggest that national BP studies cannot rely solely on HBPM because selective participation would yield biased results. However, HBPM may be used in other epidemiological studies, such as longitudinal studies.
A case study of hypophosphatasia: An underdiagnosed bone disorder characterized by low alkaline phosphatase
Authors: Moro Leslie 
Published: November 2024

ABSTRACT
Hypophosphatasia (HPP) is a rare genetic metabolic bone disorder that is underdiagnosed. Although there are many forms of this disease, based on age of onset, symptoms, and severity, HPP is characterized by low serum alkaline phosphatase levels, bone fractures, and dental complications. Diagnosis of HPP is made from clinical, laboratory, and radiologic findings. Genetic testing for an ALPL gene variant responsible for causing HPP confirms a molecular diagnosis. Distinguishing HPP from other more common bone disorders, such as osteoporosis, is important as the treatment for these diseases differs greatly. Although there is no known cure for HPP, treatment should be holistic and multidisciplinary.
Plasma Concentration as a Proxy for Perilymph Drug Levels: Preclinical and Clinical Dexamethasone Measures with a Long-Acting Formulation for Precise Delivery to the Round Window Membrane
Authors: Jung Benson T. , Kuthubutheen Jafri , Sharon Jeffrey D. , Foster Alan C. , Erickson Signe , Peris Hugo , De Juan Eugene , Limb Charles J. , Farinas Kathleen Cogan , Turner Jeremy , Henton Amanda , Salt Alec 
Published: November 2024

Objective
To use animal pharmacokinetic data and FluidSIM modeling to estimate human dexamethasone perilymph concentrations from plasma concentration measurements over time following a single intratympanic administration of SPT-2101.

Study Design
Perilymph and plasma dexamethasone concentrations were measured in guinea pigs and African green monkeys over 3 to 6 weeks post-intratympanic administration of SPT-2101. Plasma concentrations of dexamethasone were measured in Ménière’s disease patients post-intratympanic administration of SPT-2101. FluidSIM was trained on the correlations of animal plasma and animal perilymph levels, allowing the human perilymph drug time course for SPT-2101 to be predicted from measured human plasma dexamethasone concentrations.

Setting
Tertiary care neurotology clinic in Perth, Australia.

Patients
Nine adults with unilateral definite Ménière’s disease per Barany Society criteria.

Intervention
Intratympanic SPT-2101, a single injection of a long-acting gel formulation of dexamethasone precisely delivered at the round window.

Main Outcome Measure
Estimated dexamethasone levels in human perilymph following a single administration of SPT-2101 at the round window over time.

Results
Perilymph dexamethasone concentrations were above estimated therapeutic levels for up to 35 days in guinea pigs and at least 21 days in African green monkeys. In human subjects, plasma dexamethasone concentrations were detected for 2 weeks post-administration. Animal middle ear, plasma and perilymph drug interrelationships were compared to FluidSIM simulations, providing rationale for correlating dexamethasone concentrations in the respective compartments. Comparable simulations of human plasma concentrations predicted perilymph dexamethasone therapeutic levels in humans for 23–55 days.

Conclusions
Sustained release dexamethasone from SPT-2101 precisely delivered at the round window provides prolonged and durable estimated perilymph concentrations in clinical subjects.
Endoplasmic reticulum stress-related signatures: a game-changer in prognostic stratification for hepatocellular carcinoma
Authors: Li Hongxuan , Zhang Lei , Shu Bin , Wang Xiaojuan , Yang Shizhong 
Published: November 2024

Background
Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) has limited therapeutic options and a poor prognosis. The endoplasmic reticulum (ER) plays a crucial role in tumor progression and response to stress, making it a promising target for HCC stratification. This study aimed to develop a risk stratification model using ER stress-related signatures.

Methods
We utilized transcriptome data from The Cancer Genome Atlas and Gene Expression Omnibus, which encompass whole-genome expression profiles and clinical annotations. Machine learning algorithms, including the least absolute shrinkage and selection operator, random forest, and support vector machine recursive feature elimination, were applied to the key genes associated with HCC prognosis. A prognostic system was developed using univariate Cox hazard analysis and least absolute shrinkage and selection operator Cox regression, followed by validation using Kaplan–Meier analysis and receiver operating characteristic curves. Tumor immune dysfunction and exclusion tools were used to predict immunotherapy responsiveness.

Results
Two distinct clusters associated with ER stress were identified in HCC, each exhibiting unique clinical and biological features. Using a computational approach, a prognostic risk model, namely the ER stress-related signature, was formulated, demonstrating enhanced predictive accuracy compared with that of existing prognostic models. An effective clinical nomogram was established by integrating the risk model with clinicopathological factors. Patients with lower risk scores exhibited improved responsiveness to various chemotherapeutic, targeted, and immunotherapeutic agents.

Conclusion
The critical role of ER stress in HCC is highlighted. The ER stress-related signature developed in this study is a powerful tool to assess the risk and clinical treatment of HCC.