bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Impact of medial versus lateral knee pain on deep tissue hyperalgesia and muscle strength
Authors: Oda S. , Izumi M. , Aso K. , Ikeuchi M. 
Published: June 2018

AbstractBackgroundAccumulating evidence indicates that knee pain gives rise to sensory and motor alterations, however, whether different profile of knee pain causes different alterations has not been investigated. The purpose of this experimental study is to clarify characteristics of medial and lateral knee pain and its potential for modulating sensory and motor function in humans.MethodsFourteen healthy men were included. Medial knee pain (MP) was induced by injection of hypertonic saline (0.5 mL) into the tibial insertion of the medial collateral ligament. For comparison, lateral knee pain (LP) was induced by injection of hypertonic saline identically into the iliotibial tract. Isotonic saline was injected contralaterally as control. Pain intensity was assessed on a continuous electronic visual analogue scale (VAS). Before, during and after the painful state, pressure pain thresholds from the knee (PPTs), maximal isometric muscle strength of the quadriceps and grip power were assessed bilaterally.ResultsMP demonstrated significantly higher VAS scores than LP and compared with control. PPTs decreased on medial and lateral knee in MP but only on the lateral knee in LP. Quadriceps muscle strength and grip power reduced bilaterally in both models, however, MP caused significantly greater reduction of ipsilateral quadriceps strength compared with LP.ConclusionMedial knee pain has a greater impact on deep tissue hyperalgesia and reduction of the muscle strength compared with lateral knee pain. This is a novel finding that should be taken into consideration in a treatment strategy for painful knee patients.SignificanceThe experimental medial knee pain model demonstrated higher pain intensity, more localized pain distribution, widespread deep tissue hyperalgesia and more severe inhibition of muscle strength compared with the lateral knee pain model.
Mutation in Nav1.7 causes high olfactory sensitivity
Authors: Haehner A. , Hummel T. , Heinritz W. , Krueger S. , Meinhardt M. , Whitcroft K. L. , Sabatowski R. , Gossrau G. 
Published: June 2018

AbstractMutations in the sodium‐channel Nav1.7, encoded by the gene SCN9A, are known to cause pain disorders. In particular, gain‐of‐function missense mutations in Nav1.7 have been shown to be causal in primary erythromelalgia. We present a patient with erythromelalgia, pain attacks and hyperosmia with a mutation within the sodium‐channel gene SCN9A. A 50‐year‐old woman presented with burning pain in both feet and abdominal pain attacks developed over the course of 10 years. Furthermore, this patient experienced a hypersensitivity for odours. Clinical investigation as well as serum/cerebrospinal fluid laboratory findings and electrophysiological testing were unremarkable. Olfactory testing showed high olfactory acuity for all screened modalities and good intranasal sensitivity. Furthermore, quantitative sensory testing within the trigeminal area revealed very low thresholds for thermal, tactile and pain detection. In addition, quantitative sensory testing at the lower legs showed hyperalgesia and, as the disease progresses, thermal sensory function loss. Skin biopsies of the proximal and distal lower limbs revealed reduced epidermal nerve fibre density indicating small fibre neuropathy. Genetic analysis of the SCN9A gene demonstrated a heterozygous mutation in Exon 20 – c.3734A>G (p.N1245S). Treatment with clinically available sodium‐channel inhibitors did not result in significant pain relief. Local application of the sodium‐channel blocker ambroxol however, reduced pain intensity. Continuous odour exposure stabilised mood and induced a short‐term pain relief. This clinical note illustrates the course of middle‐age onset erythromelalgia and points to clinical findings related to a likely pathogenic missense mutation affecting the sodium‐channel Nav1.7.SignificanceThis case report illustrates the course of middle‐age onset erythromelalgia with presumed gain‐of‐function in olfactory and pain sensation associated with a Nav1.7 channel mutation.
The role of psychological flexibility in relation to suicidal thinking in chronic pain
Authors: McCracken L.M. , Patel S. , Scott W. 
Published: June 2018

AbstractBackgroundSuicidal thinking (ST) is common in people with chronic pain. It is relevant as it can be associated with suicidal attempts, and typically reflects significant suffering. While little is known about the psychological processes that contribute to ST, current psychological models, such as the Psychological Flexibility (PF) model, could help guide further investigation. This study investigates relations between ST and components of PF in chronic pain.MethodsParticipants were 424 adults attending treatment for chronic pain in the UK. Included in measures administered before treatment were standardized measures of depression, pain, pain‐related interference, and measures of PF, including acceptance, cognitive defusion, committed action, and self‐as‐context. An item from the measure of depression was used to reflect ST.ResultsA large proportion of the sample reported ST, 45.7%. ST was uncorrelated with participant background characteristic, medications taken, or pain intensity. However, it was correlated with the presence of widespread pain, pain‐related interference, and depression. Each component of PF was found to be significantly negatively associated with ST, as predicted. General acceptance correlated with ST at a level equal to that achieved by the depression score. In adjusted multivariate logistic regression general acceptance and committed action remained significantly uniquely associated with it.ConclusionThis preliminary study suggests for the first time that components of PF are associated with part of a pattern of suicidal behaviour in people with chronic pain. They may be relevant for reducing avoidance in general and providing more positive behavioural options.SignificanceThis study provides evidence that components of psychological flexibility are associated with a reduced frequency of suicidal thinking in people with chronic pain. Treatments targeting psychological flexibility may help mitigate the impact of chronic pain on suicidal thinking.
Compensation of the baseline temperature fluctuations for autonomous CE–C4D instrument working in harsh environments
Authors: Drevinskas Tomas , Telksnys Laimutis , Maruška Audrius , Gorbatsova Jelena , Kaljurand Mihkel 
Published: June 2018

AbstractOne of the main problems of the remote complex sample analysis instrumentation is that such systems are susceptible to temperature fluctuations. Temperature regulation is energetically ineffective, and it is not used in most of the field portable analytical systems. Separations performed in a changing temperature environment provide electropherograms with considerable baseline fluctuations, resulting in significant errors in detection and integration of the peaks. This paper describes electropherogram baseline compensation that is suitable for the capillary electrophoresis–contactless conductivity detection analytical method. The baseline compensation utilizes linear or polynomial data processing methods, and can be programmed in‐line using simple microcontroller, or on‐line and off‐line in data acquisition software. This method is targeted for field portable and autonomous analytical systems that are utilized in a fluctuating environment.
Optimization of a capillary zone electrophoresis–contactless conductivity detection method for the determination of nisin
Authors: Drevinskas Tomas , Stankevičius Mantas , Bimbiraitė‐Survilienė Kristina , Naujokaitytė Gintarė , Kaškonienė Vilma , Kondrotienė Kristina , Šernienė Loreta , Kornyšova Olga , Malakauskas Mindaugas , Maruška Audrius 
Published: June 2018

AbstractDetermination of natural preservatives using electrophoretic or chromatographic techniques in fermented milk products is a complex task due to the following reasons: (i) the concentrations of the analytes can be below the detection limits, (ii) complex matrix and comigrating/coeluting compounds in the sample can interfere with the analytes of the interest, (iii) low recovery of the analytes, and (iv) the necessity of complex sample preparation. The aim of this study was to apply capillary zone electrophoresis coupled with contactless conductivity detection for the separation and determination of nisin in fermented milk products. In this work, separation and determination of natural preservative–nisin in fermented milk products is described. Optimized conditions using capillary zone electrophoresis coupled with capacitance‐to‐digital technology based contactless conductivity detector and data conditioning, which filter the noise of the electropherogram adaptively to the peak migration time, allowed precise, accurate, sensitive (limit of quantification: 0.02 μg/mL), and most importantly requiring very minute sample preparation, determination of nisin. Sample preparation includes following steps: (i) extraction/dilution and (ii) centrifugation. This method was applied for the determination of nisin in real samples, i.e. fermented milk products. The values of different nisin forms were ranging from 0.056 ± 0.003 μg/mL to 9.307 ± 0.437 μg/g.
A discontinuous Galerkin residual‐based variational multiscale method for modeling subgrid‐scale behavior of the viscous Burgers equation
Authors: Stoter Stein K.F. , Turteltaub Sergio R. , Hulshoff Steven J. , Schillinger Dominik 
Published: June 2018

SummaryWe initiate the study of the discontinuous Galerkin residual‐based variational multiscale (DG‐RVMS) method for incorporating subgrid‐scale behavior into the finite element solution of hyperbolic problems. We use the one‐dimensional viscous Burgers equation as a model problem, as its energy dissipation mechanism is analogous to that of turbulent flows. We first develop the DG‐RVMS formulation for a general class of nonlinear hyperbolic problems with a diffusion term, based on the decomposition of the true solution into discontinuous coarse‐scale and fine‐scale components. In contrast to existing continuous variational multiscale methods, the DG‐RVMS formulation leads to additional fine‐scale element interface terms. For the Burgers equation, we devise suitable models for all fine‐scale terms that do not use ad hoc devices such as eddy viscosities but instead directly follow from the nature of the fine‐scale solution. In comparison to single‐scale discontinuous Galerkin methods, the resulting DG‐RVMS formulation significantly reduces the energy error of the Burgers solution, demonstrating its ability to incorporate subgrid‐scale behavior in the discrete coarse‐scale system.
Effect of different concentrations of pulverized mesocarp of Citrus paradisi Macf on the morphology and glass transition temperature of spray‐dried lemon juice powder
Authors: Alcantara Marte Yanilka , Ros Berruezo Gaspar , Alcantara Marte Yulisa , Escotto Tejada Andrea 
Published: June 2018

AbstractThe aim of this research was to evaluate the effect of different concentrations of pulverized mesocarp of Citrus paradisi Macf as a drying aid, on morphology, particle size and glass transition temperature of spray‐dried lemon juice powder. Five concentrations of grapefruit mesocarp (0.4%, 0.8%, 1.2%, 1.6% and 2.0% (w/w)) and maltodextrin DE 10 (1.2%, w/w) were evaluated as encapsulant agents. The obtained data were evaluated by one‐way ANOVA using Statistix version 8.0. For the means separation, the Tukey's test was applied with a 95% reliability. The morphology of the particles was described. According to the results, by applying different levels of coating agent in lemon juices, powder particles with different sizes (from 3.07 to 6.20 μm) and shapes (spherical, irregular and shrunken or reduced) are obtained; however, their glass transition temperature is not modified, finding values between 37.43 and 38.64°C.
Cervical necrotizing fasciitis: Systematic review and analysis of 1235 reported cases from the literature
Authors: Gunaratne Dakshika A. , Tseros Evan A. , Hasan Zubair , Kudpaje Akshay S. , Suruliraj Anand , Smith Mark C. , Riffat Faruque , Palme Carsten E. 
Published: June 2018

AbstractBackgroundCervical necrotizing fasciitis is a progressive soft tissue infection with significant morbidity and mortality.MethodsA case review of cervical necrotizing fasciitis managed at our institution (2007‐2017) and a systematic review of PubMed, MEDLINE, and EMBASE databases using the algorithm “(cervical OR neck) AND necrotizing fasciitis.”ResultsThere were 1235 cases from 207 articles which were included in our clinical review. Mean age for cervical necrotizing fasciitis was 49.1 years (64.23% men). Etiology was odontogenic (47.04%), pharyngolaryngeal (28.34%), or tonsillar/peritonsillar (6.07%). There were 2 ± 0.98 organisms identified per patient; streptococci (61.22%), staphylococci (18.09%), and prevotella (10.87%). There were 2.5 ± 3.22 surgical debridements undertaken. Descending necrotizing mediastinitis occurred in 31.56% of patients. Mean length of stay in the hospital was 29.28 days and overall mortality was 13.36%.ConclusionPhysicians and surgeons must be vigilant of the diagnosis of cervical necrotizing fasciitis as early clinical findings may be subtle and prompt identification to facilitate aggressive intervention is required to preclude catastrophic local and systemic morbidity and mortality.
Accuracy of the HPV status site‐specific factor 10 (SSF‐10) variable for patients with oropharyngeal cancers in the Iowa Cancer Registry, 2010‐2014
Authors: Kahl Amanda R. , Charlton Mary E. , Pagedar Nitin A. , Sperry Steven M. , Matt Bobbi , Platz Charles , Lynch Charles F. 
Published: June 2018

AbstractBackgroundSurveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results Cancer Registries (SEER) began collecting human papillomavirus (HPV) status for upper aerodigestive tract cancers in 2010. However, classification of p16‐testing was not included in the Collaborative Stage coding guidelines, potentially leading to inconsistent coding.MethodsThe HPV values for Iowa patients with oropharyngeal cancers (n = 824) were recoded based on modified guidelines that included p16 test results, and compared with the original guidelines.ResultsForty percent of patients were recoded to a different value, and the HPV testing rate increased from 45% to 55%; 56% received p16‐testing only. Of those originally coded as HPV‐type 16 (n = 187), 89% were recoded to HPV‐not otherwise specified (NOS). When comparing high‐level positive/negative/not done categories, original coding captured 81% of patients with HPV‐positive cancers.Conclusionp16 was the most common HPV test but was inconsistently coded as HPV‐testing. p16‐positivity was also erroneously equated with HPV‐type 16. Adding a separate p16 variable would improve consistency and accuracy of HPV coding.
Association between diffuse lymphocytic infiltration and papillary thyroid cancer aggressiveness according to the presence of thyroid peroxidase antibody and BRAFV600E mutation
Authors: Lee Young Ki , Park Kyeong Hye , Park Se Hee , Kim Kwang Joon , Shin Dong Yeob , Nam Kee Hyun , Chung Woong Youn , Lee Eun Jig 
Published: June 2018

AbstractBackgroundDiffuse lymphocytic infiltration (DLI) is frequently found with papillary thyroid cancer (PTC), so there has been long interest in how it affects the characteristics of PTC. This purpose of this study was to define the association between DLI and PTC aggressiveness according to thyroperoxidase antibody (TPOAb) and B‐type Raf (BRAF)V600E mutation positivity.MethodsThere were 1879 patients with PTC who underwent surgery and were enrolled in this study. Clinicopathologic characteristics were compared between groups according to the presence of DLI and TPOAb. Multiple logistic regression analysis was conducted to assess odds ratio (OR) for each dependent variable (BRAFV600E mutation, tumor size >1.0 cm, multifocality, extrathyroidal extension, and lymph node metastasis) of each group according to the presence of DLI and TPOAb, with the group with neither DLI or TPOAb (DLI‐negative TPOAb‐negative PTC) as the reference.ResultsThe DLI‐positive PTC showed more frequent multifocality and less frequent BRAFV600E mutation than DLI‐negative PTC. Among patients with DLI‐positive PTC, extrathyroidal extension and BRAFV600E mutation was less frequent when serum TPOAb was positive. In multiple logistic regressions, DLI‐positive TPOAb‐positive PTC showed a high OR for multifocality (1.410; P = .017), but low ORs for BRAFV600E mutation (0.521; P < .001) and extrathyroidal extension (0.691; P = .008). The patients with DLI‐positive TPOAb‐positive PTCs showed a high OR for multifocality (1.588; P = .002), and high ORs for tumor size >1.0 cm (2.205; P = .019) and lymph node metastasis (2.005; P = .032) in subgroup analyses of PTC with wild‐type BRAF. The DLI‐negative TPOAb‐positive group was not associated with any tumor aggressiveness‐related variables.ConclusionAlthough DLI was associated with multifocality regardless of TPOAb positivity, it was associated with an indolent feature when TPOAb was positive but with aggressive features in PTC with wild‐type BRAF when TPOAb was negative. The TPOAb and BRAF status may help to define the clinical implication of lymphocytic infiltration found with PTC.
Systematic review of sentinel lymph node biopsy in Merkel cell carcinoma of the head and neck
Authors: Karunaratne Yasiru G. , Gunaratne Dakshika A. , Veness Michael J. 
Published: June 2018

AbstractBackgroundMerkel cell carcinoma (MCC) is a rare and aggressive cutaneous neuroendocrine tumor arising on the head and neck in 40%‐50% of patients. Between 20% and 40% will harbor subclinical nodal metastasis.MethodsUsing search terms ‘Merkel AND sentinel’, MEDLINE, PUMED, and EMBASE databases were systematically reviewed for publications regarding sentinel lymph node biopsy (SLNB) in classification I and II MCC of the head and neck.ResultsTwenty‐nine publications encompassing 136 patients were included. The SLNB finding was positive in 42 patients (30.9%). Primary MCC was located on the malar/zygomatic (34.4%), forehead/frontal (13.5%), and nasal (13.5%) regions. Recurrence in an SLNB negative nodal basin result occurred in 10 patients (false negative rate of 19.2%). Site of primary MCC was not associated with a false‐negative SLNB result; however, there was a non‐statistically significant trend for increased frequency among midline lesions.ConclusionsSentinel lymph node biopsy (SLNB) is recommended for eligible patients with classification I and II head and neck MCC.
Drug permeation and metabolism in Mycobacterium tuberculosis: Prioritising local exposure as essential criterion in new TB drug development
Authors: Tanner Lloyd , Denti Paolo , Wiesner Lubbe , Warner Digby F. 
Published: June 2018

AbstractAnti‐tuberculosis (TB) drugs possess diverse abilities to penetrate the different host tissues and cell types in which infecting Mycobacterium tuberculosis bacilli are located during active disease. This is important since there is increasing evidence that the respective “lesion‐penetrating” properties of the front‐line TB drugs appear to correlate well with their specific activity in standard combination therapy. In turn, these observations suggest that rational efforts to discover novel treatment‐shortening drugs and drug combinations should incorporate knowledge about the comparative abilities of both existing and experimental anti‐TB agents to access bacilli in defined physiological states at different sites of infection, as well as avoid elimination by efflux or inactivation by host or bacterial metabolism. However, while there is a fundamental requirement to understand the mode of action and pharmacological properties of any current or experimental anti‐TB agent within the context of the obligate human host, this is complex and, until recently, has been severely limited by the available methodologies and models. Here, we discuss advances in analytical models and technologies which have enabled investigations of drug metabolism and pharmacokinetics (DMPK) for new TB drug development. In particular, we consider the potential to shift the focus of traditional pharmacokinetic–pharmacodynamic analyses away from plasma to a more specific “site of action” drug exposure as an essential criterion for drug development and the design of dosing strategies. Moreover, in summarising approaches to determine DMPK data for the “unit of infection” comprising host macrophage and intracellular bacillus, we evaluate the potential benefits of including these analyses at an early stage in the preclinical drug development algorithm. © 2018 IUBMB Life, 70(9):926–937, 2018
Targeting the messengers: Serine/threonine protein kinases as potential targets for antimycobacterial drug development
Authors: Khan Mehak Zahoor , Kaur Prabhjot , Nandicoori Vinay Kumar 
Published: June 2018

AbstractThe emergence of increasingly drug‐resistant Mycobacterium tuberculosis strains has become a crucial public health concern. In order to effectively treat tuberculosis, it is imperative to find newer drug targets, which are important for the in vivo bacterial survival and persistence. Phosphorylation based signaling cascades modulated by eukaryotic‐like serine/threonine protein kinases and phosphatase in M. tuberculosis, transduce extracellular stimuli to a cellular response ensuing pathogen's growth, persistence and pathogenesis. Of the 11 STPKs that M. tuberculosis genome encodes, three kinases, namely PknA, PknB and PknG and the sole serine/threonine phosphatase PstP are crucial for the intracellular survival of the bacteria. PknA and PknB regulates cell growth, cell wall synthesis and morphological changes during bacterial cell division; while PknG modulates metabolic changes in response to stress and aids in bacterial survival during latency like conditions. PstP functions to dephosphorylate STPKs and their substrates and hence is important at nearly all stages of infection. Here, we review the current knowledge on PstP, PknA, PknB and PknG based on the genetic, biochemical, and functional studies in M. tuberculosis physiopathology. We further explore the potential of these molecules as targets for therapeutic intervention and discuss the advancement made in the development of inhibitors against these targets. © 2018 IUBMB Life, 70(9):889–904, 2018