bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The safety and benefit of using oxidized regenerated cellulose to position free flap pedicle in head and neck reconstruction
Authors: Hsieh Yu‐Hsuan , Yang Kuo‐Chung , Liu Wen‐Chung , Kao Chia‐Chen , Chen Lee‐Wei , Lin Cheng‐Ta 
Published: June 2019

AbstractBackgroundOxidized regenerated cellulose (ORC; Surgicel®; Ethicon, Neuchâtel, Switzerland) is an absorbable hemostatic agent used for hemostasis in operation, although some surgeons use it to position free flap pedicles. The increasing risk of vessel compromise is a huge concern. However, no scientific data to date demonstrate the safety and benefit of using ORC in microvascular surgery. In the present study, we compared the outcome of microvascular head and neck reconstruction with and without pedicle placement using ORC.Materials and MethodsFrom January 2015 to December 2017, we reviewed patients undergoing microvascular surgery with free fibular osteocutaneous flap in our hospital. The patients were divided into the ORC group and non‐ORC group and their baseline characteristics and outcomes were compared.ResultsIn total, there were 27 patients in the ORC group and 67 in the non‐ORC group. The non‐ORC group had significantly higher cigarette consumption (70.4% vs. 89.6%; p = .022). The outcome of the ORC group was better regarding arterial thrombosis (0% vs. 3%), flap failure (0% vs. 4.5%), hematoma (7.4% vs. 10.4%), and wound complications (25.9% vs. 44.8%). The ORC group had a worse result than the non‐ORC group for vein thrombosis (7.4% vs. 4.5%) and duration of hospitalization (24.111 days vs. 23.627 days). However, none of above results was significant.ConclusionsThough this study was underpowered to detect the differences, the results showed a trend toward better outcomes of flaps and wounds in the ORC group. It seems that using ORC in this field is safe and beneficial.
Wide frequency switchable microwave resonator by injecting eutectic gallium indium into microfluidic defected ground structure
Authors: Kim Yelim , Lim Daecheon , Park Euiyong , Tentzeris Manos M. , Lim Sungjoon 
Published: June 2019

AbstractThis article proposes a frequency switchable microwave resonator based on a microfluidic defected ground structure (m‐DGS) that provides wider frequency tuning ratio. Because its resonant frequency is determined from the DGS geometry, the resonant frequency can be switched by injecting EGaIn liquid metal into the m‐DGS to decrease the effective inductance and hence increase resonant frequency to 7.7 GHz from 3 GHz, that is, 88% tuning range. The proposed idea is demonstrated numerically and experimentally.
Frequency invariance, gain improvement, and fast design in 3D‐printed photonic band gap antennas with quadratic holes
Authors: de Andrade Betoven O. , de Mendonca Laercio M. 
Published: June 2019

AbstractThe use of photonic band gap (PBG) substrates with noncylindrical holes in microstrip antennas is little reported in the literature. In this article, a 3D printer was used to produce two PBG antennas in acrylonitrile‐butadiene‐styrene (ABS) substrate: one with cylindrical holes and the other with quadratic prism holes, both with the same volume in the holes and in the total composition. The proposed PBG antenna with quadratic prism holes maintains the same resonance frequency of antenna with cylindrical holes, that is, 2.64 GHz. In addition, the proposed antenna greatly reduces the project time in the simulation phase, which is very onerous in conventional PBG antennas. The PBG antennas improved the distribution of surface current and increased the gain in relation to the antenna without PBG. Thus, the obtained results were as follows: the gain and efficiency of radiation were 3.75 dB and 55% for the antenna without PBG, 4.5 dB and 60% for the antenna with cylindrical holes, and 5 dB and 62% for the antenna with quadratic holes. All antennas maintained an approximate bandwidth of 3%. These antennas were built, simulated, and measured. A schematic of the build structures, return loss, Smith's chart, radiation diagrams, and computational simulation time was analyzed throughout this article.
Longitudinal preclinical magnetic resonance imaging of diffuse tumor burden in intramedullary myeloma following bortezomib therapy
Authors: Hathi Deep K. , Engelbach John A. , Hillengass Jens , Veis Deborah , Achilefu Samuel , Garbow Joel R. , Shokeen Monica 
Published: June 2019

Multiple myeloma (MM) is a largely incurable, debilitating hematologic malignancy of terminally differentiated plasma cells in the bone marrow (BM). Identification of therapeutic response is critical for improving outcomes and minimizing costs and off‐target toxicities. To assess changes in BM environmental factors and therapy efficacy, there is a need for noninvasive, nonionizing, longitudinal, preclinical methods.Here, we demonstrate the feasibility of preclinical magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) for longitudinal imaging of diffuse tumor burden in a syngeneic, immunocompetent model of intramedullary MM. C57Bl/KaLwRij mice were implanted intravenously with 5TGM1‐GFP tumors and treated with a proteasome inhibitor, bortezomib, or vehicle control. MRI was performed weekly with a Helmholtz radiofrequency coil placed on the hind leg. Mean normalized T1‐weighted signal intensities and T2 relaxation times were quantified for each animal following manual delineation of BM regions in the femur and tibia. Finally, tumor burden was quantified for each tissue using hematoxylin and eosin staining.Changes in T2 relaxation times correlated strongly to cell density and overall tumor burden in the BM. Median T2 relaxation times and regional T1‐weighted contrast uptake were shown to be most relevant in identifying posttherapy disease stage in this model of intramedullary MM.In summary, our results highlighted potential preclinical MRI markers for assessing tumor burden and BM heterogeneity following bortezomib therapy, and demonstrated the application of longitudinal imaging with preclinical MRI in an immunocompetent, intramedullary setting.
An urban medical system's exploratory study of medication errors
Authors: Morelock Skip G. , Kirk Jeffrey D. 
Published: June 2019

AbstractAimsThis study sought to identify patterns of medication errors with respect to shifts, day of week, unit involved, severity, medication class and cause of errors and to propose possible solutions.DesignThis was a retrospective explorative study using a database containing 605 medication events from two medical centres. Variables assessed include medication type, the error severity, and time the medication was ordered, the unit that the error occurred on and the day of the week of the errors.MethodsSimple percentages were used to report the results, and point‐biserial correlation was employed to test for significant differences between the day and night shifts.ResultsThere were no statistically significant findings when comparing event severity against the a.m. or p.m. shifts. The medication classes with the most errors were antibiotics, and the most common reason cited for errors was dose omission. The most commonly reported severity level was a 2 which requires increased patient monitoring.
The local ultraconvergence of high‐order finite element method for second‐order elliptic problems with constant coefficients over a rectangular partition
Authors: He Wen‐ming 
Published: June 2019

AbstractIn this article, we will discuss the local ultraconvergence of high‐degree finite element method based on a rectangular partition for the second‐degree elliptic problem with constant coefficients in Ω ⊂ ℜ2, u(y) = 0 on ∂Ω. Based on suitable regularity, ultraconvergence of the displacement of the extrapolated kth (k ≥ 3) degree finite element solution has been obtained by an extrapolation technique. Finally, numerical experiments are applied to demonstrate our theoretical findings.
Steroid Hormones in Cord Blood Mediate the Association Between Maternal Prepregnancy BMI and Birth Weight
Authors: Jin Shuna , Sun Xiaojie , Liu Qi , Liang Huifang , Li Chunhui , Mao Zhenxing , Song Chengwu , Xia Wei , Li Yuanyuan , Xu Shunqing 
Published: June 2019

ObjectiveMaternal overweight has been associated with increasing offspring birth weight, but epidemiological data on potential biological mechanisms are limited. This study aimed to examine whether steroid hormones mediate the association between maternal prepregnancy BMI (pre‐BMI) and birth weight.MethodsThis study involving 2,039 participants was conducted from an ongoing cohort study in Wuhan, China. Mediation analysis was used to identify the extent to which steroid hormones mediated associations.ResultsEach one‐unit increase in pre‐BMI was significantly associated with lower log2‐transformed cord blood levels of cortisol and corticosterone. Levels of cortisol and corticosterone were also negatively associated with birth weight. It was estimated that corticosterone mediated 3.48% of the association between pre‐BMI and birth weight, and no significant mediation effect was observed in cortisol. After stratification by maternal gestational weight gain (GWG; within or in excess of the Institute of Medicine [IOM] guidelines), the associations of pre‐BMI with cortisol and corticosterone levels were significant in the women with GWG > IOM but not in women with GWG ≤ IOM. When the mediation analysis in the women with GWG > IOM was limited, the mediation effects of cord blood cortisol and corticosterone were both significant (P < 0.05).ConclusionsCord blood cortisol and corticosterone partially mediate the association of increased maternal pre‐BMI with higher birth weight.
Metronomic therapy in pediatric oncology: A snapshot
Authors: Pramanik Raja , Bakhshi Sameer 
Published: June 2019

AbstractMetronomic chemotherapy transitioned from the bench to bedside in the early 2000s and since then has carved a niche for itself in pediatric oncology. It has been used solely or in combination with other modalities such as radiotherapy, maximum tolerated dose chemotherapy, and targeted agents in adjuvant, palliative, as well as maintenance settings. No wonder, the resulting medical literature is extremely heterogeneous. In this review, the authors review and synthesize the published literature in pediatric metronomics giving a glimpse of its history, varied applications, and evolution of this genre of chemotherapy in pediatric cancers. Limitations, future prospects, and grey areas are also highlighted.
Development and evaluation of a computable phenotype to identify pediatric patients with leukemia and lymphoma treated with chemotherapy using electronic health record data
Authors: Phillips Charles A. , Razzaghi Hanieh , Aglio Taylor , McNeil Michael J. , Salvesen‐Quinn Mikaela , Sopfe Jenna , Wilkes Jennifer J. , Forrest Christopher B. , Bailey L. Charles 
Published: June 2019

AbstractBackgroundWidespread implementation of electronic health records (EHR) has created new opportunities for pediatric oncology observational research. Little attention has been given to using EHR data to identify patients with pediatric hematologic malignancies.MethodsThis study used EHR‐derived data in a pediatric clinical data research network, PEDSnet, to develop and evaluate a computable phenotype algorithm to identify pediatric patients with leukemia and lymphoma who received treatment with chemotherapy. To guide early development, multiple computable phenotype‐defined cohorts were compared to one institution's tumor registry. The most promising algorithm was chosen for formal evaluation and consisted of at least two leukemia/lymphoma diagnoses (Systematized Nomenclature of Medicine codes) within a 90‐day period, two chemotherapy exposures, and three hematology‐oncology provider encounters. During evaluation, the computable phenotype was executed against EHR data from 2011 to 2016 at three large institutions. Classification accuracy was assessed by masked medical record review with phenotype‐identified patients compared to a control group with at least three hematology‐oncology encounters.ResultsThe computable phenotype had sensitivity of 100% (confidence interval [CI] 99%, 100%), specificity of 99% (CI 99%, 100%), positive predictive value (PPV) and negative predictive value (NPV) of 100%, and C‐statistic of 1 at the development institution. The computable phenotype performance was similar at the two test institutions with sensitivity of 100% (CI 99%, 100%), specificity of 99% (CI 99%, 100%), PPV of 96%, NPV of 100%, and C‐statistic of 0.99.ConclusionThe EHR‐based computable phenotype is an accurate cohort identification tool for pediatric patients with leukemia and lymphoma who have been treated with chemotherapy and is ready for use in clinical studies.
Osteosarcoma journey over two decades in India: Small steps, big changes
Authors: Bajpai Jyoti , Chandrasekharan Arun , Simha Vijai , Mandal Tanmoy , Shah Kajal , Hingmare Sachin , Rangarajan Bharath , Shetty Nishitha , Vora Tushar , Ghosh Jaya , Rekhi Bharat , Banavali Sripad , Gupta Sudeep 
Published: June 2019

AbstractBackgroundThe management of osteosarcoma is challenging especially in lower‐income and middle‐income countries, and there is an unmet need to evolve efficient and sustainable chemotherapy regimens.MethodsWe compared the outcomes in nonmetastatic osteosarcoma patients treated with three sequential non‐high‐dose methotrexate‐based combination chemotherapy protocols at a single tertiary care center over two decades. The first protocol, OGS‐99, involved dose‐intense, alternating dyads of three drugs: doxorubicin (Dox), cisplatin (CDDP), and ifosfamide (Ifo). The second protocol, OGS‐99 enhanced, included OGS‐99 drugs with etoposide and enhanced supportive care. The OGS‐12 protocol involved dose‐dense administration of eight sequential dyads of Dox, CDDP and Ifo, universal growth factor prophylaxis and targeted nutritional support. Event‐free survival (EFS), overall survival (OS), and toxicity were reported using a retrospective chart review in the OGS‐99 and OGS‐99 enhanced protocols and prospectively in the OGS‐12 protocol.ResultsA total of 41, 94, and 385 treatment‐naïve, consecutive, nonmetastatic patients with extremity osteosarcoma were treated with the OGS‐99 (2000–2005), OGS‐99 enhanced (2010), and OGS‐12 (2011–2016), respectively. At a median follow‐up of 19, 86, and 39 months, the five‐year EFS rates were 38%, 50%, and 62% in the OGS‐99, OGS‐99 enhanced, and OGS‐12, respectively. The corresponding rates of five‐year OS were nonevaluable, 60% and 77%, respectively, with acceptable rates of grade 3–4 toxicities: febrile neutropenia (40%), thrombocytopenia (36%), anemia (51%), and 1% deaths related to toxicity.ConclusionsSequential selection of an intelligent, dose‐dense chemotherapy regimen together with enhanced supportive care resulted in marked improvement in outcomes of nonmetastatic osteosarcoma and this “small steps—big changes” model deserves wider recognition and usage.
Potential biomarkers of kaposiform lymphangiomatosis
Authors: Ozeki Michio , Nozawa Akifumi , Kawamoto Norio , Fujino Akihiro , Hirakawa Satoshi , Fukao Toshiyuki 
Published: June 2019

AbstractBackgroundKaposiform lymphangiomatosis (KLA) has recently been distinguished as a novel subtype of generalized lymphatic anomaly (GLA), and is characterized by foci of spindle endothelial cells amid a background of malformed lymphatic channels. The etiology of these diseases remains unknown and diagnosis is confounded by their similar clinical findings. This study aimed to clarify differences in the clinical findings and plasma cytokine profiles of GLA and KLA patients.ProcedureClinical features data of GLA and KLA patients were obtained from a national survey. Differences in clinical findings, plasma levels of cytokines, and survival were analyzed. Plasma was obtained from healthy controls and GLA and KLA patients. Thirty‐six angiogenic and lymphangiogenic factors were evaluated for cytokine concentration.ResultsTwenty‐one patients with GLA and 11 with KLA were recruited. Mediastinal masses, hemorrhagic pericardial and pleural effusion, coagulation disorders, and thrombocytopenia were more frequent in KLA than in GLA. KLA had a significantly poorer outcome than GLA (P = 0.044). Soluble VEGFR3, angiopoietin 2, HGF, soluble HER2, tenascin C, and soluble HGFR levels were higher in KLA. Notably, soluble VEGFR3 and angiopoietin 2 levels were approximately 10‐fold higher than those of other molecules measured. However, soluble VEGFR1 and soluble TIE2 were lower in KLA than in GLA and the controls.ConclusionsPatients with KLA have an unfavorable prognosis and serious symptoms (hemorrhagic pleural effusion and coagulation disorders). Our data indicate that eight angiogenic cytokines might be potential biomarkers of KLA.
Repeat irradiation for children with supratentorial high‐grade glioma
Authors: Tsang Derek S. , Oliveira Carol , Bouffet Eric , Hawkins Cynthia , Ramaswamy Vijay , Yee Ryan , Tabori Uri , Bartels Ute , Huang Annie , Millar Barbara‐Ann , Crooks Bruce , Bowes Lynette , Zelcer Shayna , Laperriere Normand 
Published: June 2019

AbstractBackgroundThere are very few studies about the role of repeat irradiation (RT2) for children with recurrent supratentorial high‐grade glioma (HGG). It was the aim of this study to assess the effectiveness and safety of RT2 in this population.ProcedureThis was a retrospective cohort study of 40 children age 18 years and under with recurrent supratentorial HGG who had received at least one course of RT. In‐field reirradiation volumes included focal or whole brain RT, with doses ranging from 30 to 54 Gy. The primary endpoint was overall survival (OS) from the first day of RT2.ResultsFourteen patients underwent RT2. The median survival of these patients was 6.5 months. Patients with ≥12 months elapsed time between RT1 and RT2 experienced longer OS than patients who had < 12 months (P = 0.009). There was no difference in OS between patients with or without germline mutations (e.g., Lynch, Li–Fraumeni, or constitutional mismatch‐repair deficiency, P = 0.20). Ten patients received RT2 that overlapped with RT1 volumes for locally recurrent disease. Of this group, 80% experienced clinical benefit from in‐field RT2, defined as clinical/radiologic response or stable disease. Ninety‐three percent completed the prescribed course of RT2, with one patient developing grade 3 radiation necrosis four months after RT2. When compared with 26 patients who were not offered reirradiation, those selected for RT2 had improved median survival from the time of first disease progression (9.4 vs 3.8 months, P = 0.005).ConclusionsReirradiation for children with recurrent supratentorial HGG is a safe, effective treatment that provides short‐term disease control.
Catalytic inhibition of KDM1A in Ewing sarcoma is insufficient as a therapeutic strategy
Authors: Romo‐Morales Antonio , Aladowicz Ewa , Blagg Julian , Gatz Susanne A. , Shipley Janet M. 
Published: June 2019

AbstractBackgroundEwing sarcoma and desmoplastic small round cell tumors (DSRCT) are rare and clinically aggressive sarcomas usually characterized by oncogenic fusion proteins involving EWS. Emerging studies of Ewing sarcoma have demonstrated EWS‐FLI1‐driven chromatin remodeling as a key aspect of tumorigenicity. In particular, the lysine‐specific demethylase KDM1A/LSD1 is linked to transcriptional regulation of target genes orchestrated by the EWS portion of the fusion protein interacting with repressive chromatin‐remodeling complexes. Consistent with this model, depletion of KDM1A supports it is a molecular therapeutic target in Ewing sarcoma cells, but effective drugs need to be identified.ProcedureA comprehensive phenotypic analysis of the effects of catalytic KDM1A inhibitors ORY‐1001 and GSK2879552, including clinically relevant doses, was carried out in 2D and 3D spheroid models of Ewing sarcoma and DSRCT.ResultsCatalytic inhibition of KDM1A did not affect cell viability in 2D and 3D assays and had no impact on invasion in a 3D assay.ConclusionsOverall, evidence presented here does not support inhibition of KDM1A catalytic demethylase activity as an effective therapeutic strategy for Ewing sarcoma or DSRCT. However, roles of KDM1A beyond its demethylase activity should be considered for these sarcomas.
Interventions to enhance self‐efficacy in cancer patients: A meta‐analysis of randomized controlled trials
Authors: Merluzzi Thomas V. , Pustejovsky James E. , Philip Errol J. , Sohl Stephanie J. , Berendsen Mark , Salsman John M. 
Published: June 2019

AbstractObjectiveSelf‐efficacy expectations are associated with improvements in problematic outcomes widely considered clinically significant (ie, emotional distress, fatigue, and pain), related to positive health behaviors, and as a type of personal agency, inherently valuable. Self‐efficacy expectancies, estimates of confidence to execute behaviors, are important in that changes in self‐efficacy expectations are positively related to future behaviors that promote health and well‐being. The current meta‐analysis investigated the impact of psychological interventions on self‐efficacy expectations for a variety of health behaviors among cancer patients.MethodsOvid Medline, PsycINFO, CINAHL, EMBASE, Cochrane Library, and Web of Science were searched with specific search terms for identifying randomized controlled trials (RCTs) that focused on psychologically based interventions. Included studies had (a) an adult cancer sample, (b) a self‐efficacy expectation measure of specific behaviors, and (c) an RCT design. Standard screening and reliability procedures were used for selecting and coding studies. Coding included theoretically informed moderator variables.ResultsAcross 79 RCTs, 223 effect sizes, and 8678 participants, the weighted average effect of self‐efficacy expectations was estimated as g = 0.274 (P < .001). Consistent with the self‐efficacy theory, the average effect for in‐person intervention delivery (g = 0.329) was significantly greater than for all other formats (g = 0.154, P = .023; eg, audiovisual, print, telephone, and Web/internet).ConclusionsThe results establish the impact of psychological interventions on self‐efficacy expectations as comparable in effect size with commonly reported outcomes (distress, fatigue, pain). Additionally, the result that in‐person interventions achieved the largest effect is supported by the social learning theory and could inform research related to the development and evaluation of interventions.