bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Thrombolytic and Pharmacokinetic Properties of a Recombinant Chimeric Plasminogen Activator Consisting of a Fibrin Fragment D-Dimer Specific Humanized Monoclonal Antibody and a Truncated Single-Chain Urokinase
Authors: Dewerchin M , Vandamme A-M , Holvoet P , De Cock F , Lemmens G , Lijnen H R , Stassen J-M , Collen D 
Published: July 2018

SummaryA recombinant chimeric plasminogen activator consisting of a humanized monoclonal antibody specific for cross-linked human fibrin (MA-15C5Hu) and a 32 kDa single-chain urokinase-type plasminogen activator (scu-PA-32k) comprising amino acids Leu144-Leu411, MA-15C5Hu/scu-PA-32k, was previously found to have a 12-fold higher fibrinolytic potency than recombinant scu-PA-32k towards a human plasma clot in a human plasma milieu in vitro (Vandamme et al., Eur J Biochem 1992; 205: 139–46). Therefore, the thrombolytic and pharmacokinetic properties of MA-15C5Hu/scu-PA-32k were compared with those of recombinant single-chain urokinase-type plasminogen activator (scu-PA) in 3 different venous thrombosis models in vivo. In hamsters with a pulmonary embolus consisting of a human plasma clot, the thrombolytic potency (% lysis per dose in mg/kg administered) of MA-15C5Hu/scu-PA-32k was 23-fold higher than that of scu-PA (p <0.0005). In rabbits with a jugular vein clot prepared from human plasma, the thrombolytic potency of MA-15C5Hu/scu-PA-32k was 11-fold higher than that of scu-PA (p = 0.012). In baboons with an autologous whole blood clot in the femoral vein, the chimera had a 5-fold higher thrombolytic potency than scu-PA. In all three animal species, the clearance of the chimera was 10- to 27-fold reduced as compared to scu-PA. The specific thrombolytic activity (% lysis per µg/ml steady-state plasma u-PA antigen) was increased up to 7-fold with MA-15C5Hu/scu-PA-32k as compared with scu-PA, which is indicative of targeting of the chimera to the clot. No fibrinogen breakdown or α2-antiplasmin depletion was observed during thrombolysis with the chimera.Thus, MA-15C5Hu/scu-PA-32k constitutes a recombinant chimeric plasminogen activator with a significantly enhanced thrombolytic potency in 3 different animal models of venous thrombosis.
Ridogrel Inhibits Systemic and Renal Formation of Thromboxane A2 and Antagonizes Platelet Thromboxane A2/Prostaglandin Endoperoxide Receptors upon Chronic Administration to Man
Authors: Weber C , Beetens J R , Tegtmeier F , Van Rooy P , Vercammen E , Wouters L , De Clerck F 
Published: July 2018

SummaryThe effects of ridogrel, a dual thromboxane A2 (TXA2) synthase inhibitor and TXA2/prostaglandin (PG) endoperoxide receptor antagonist, on systemic and renal production of prostaglandins and on platelet TXA2/PG endoperoxide receptors was evaluated upon chronic administration (300 mg b. i. d. orally, for 8 and 29 days) to man. Such a medication with ridogrel inhibits the systemic as well as the renal production of TXA2 as measured by the urinary excretion of 2,3-dinor-TXB2 and TXB2 respectively without inducing significant changes in systemic or renal PGI2 production. Simultaneously with the latter effects, the production of TXB2 by spontaneously coagulated whole blood ex vivo is inhibited (>99%) while that of PGE2 and PGF2α is largely increased. Administration of ridogrel causes a three- to five-fold shift to the right of concentration-response curves for U46619 in eliciting platelet aggregation; no tachyphylaxis is observed after 29 days of treatment in this respect. Apart from a reduction of serum uric acid levels with a concomitant increase in urinary uric acid excretion during the first days of treatment, no clinically significant changes in hematological, biochemical, hemodynamic and coagulation parameters occur during the 8 days or 29 days study. The study demonstrates that ridogrel is a potent inhibitor of the systemic as well as renal TXA2 synthase and an antagonist of platelet TXA2/PG endoperoxide receptor in man, covering full activity during 24 h at steady-state plasma level conditions without tachyphylaxis during 29 days of medication. The compound is well tolerated, at least during 1 month of administration.
Universal folding pathways of polyhedron nets
Authors: Dodd Paul M. , Damasceno Pablo F. , Glotzer Sharon C. 
Published: July 2018

Significance
What makes an object successful at thermal folding? Protein scientists study how sequence affects the pathways by which chained amino acids fold and the structures into which they fold. Here we investigate the inverse problem: Starting with a 3D object as a polyhedron we ask, which ones, among the many choices of 2D unfoldings, are able to fold most consistently? We find that these “nets” follow a universal balance between entropy loss and potential energy gain, allowing us to explain why some of their geometrical attributes (such as compactness) represent a good predictor for the folding propensity of a given shape. Our results can be used to guide the stochastic folding of nanoscale objects into drug-delivery devices and thermally folded robots.
Ergosterol and its derivatives from Grifola frondosa inhibit antigen-induced degranulation of RBL-2H3 cells by suppressing the aggregation of high affinity IgE receptors
Authors: Kawai Junya , Higuchi Yuka , Hirota Mitsuru , Hirasawa Noriyasu , Mori Koichiro 
Published: July 2018

ABSTRACT
Grifola frondosa is an edible mushroom consumed as a health food and/or traditional medicine in Asia. However, the anti-allergic effects of G. frondosa are not yet understood. In this study, we demonstrated the effects of G. frondosa extract (GFE) on IgE-mediated allergic responses, using antigen-stimulated RBL-2H3 cells. Three active compounds: ergosterol, 6β-methoxyergosta-7,22-dien-3β,5α-diol (MEDD), and 6-oxoergosta-7,22-dien-3β-ol (6-OXO) were isolated from GFE and shown to inhibit the antigen-induced release of β-hexosaminidase and histamine. Among the three active components, we focused on ergosterol because of its high content in GFE. Ergosterol inhibited the aggregation of high-affinity IgE receptor (FcεRI), which is the first step in the activation of mast cells and antigen-induced tyrosine phosphorylation. Furthermore, ergosterol suppressed antigen-increased IL-4 and TNF-α mRNA. Taken together, our findings suggest that G. frondosa, including ergosterol and its derivatives as active components, has the potential to be a novel functional food that prevents type I allergies.
Purification, cDNA cloning, and characterization of plant chitinase with a novel domain combination from lycophyte Selaginella doederleinii
Authors: Kuba Yumani , Takashima Tomoya , Uechi Keiko , Taira Toki 
Published: July 2018

ABSTRACT
Chitinase-A from a lycophyte Selaginella doederleinii (SdChiA), having molecular mass of 53 kDa, was purified to homogeneity by column chromatography. The cDNA encoding SdChiA was cloned by rapid amplification of cDNA ends and polymerase chain reaction. It consisted of 1477 nucleotides and its open reading frame encoded a polypeptide of 467 amino acid residues. The deduced amino acid sequence indicated that SdChiA consisted of two N-terminal chitin-binding domains and a C-terminal plant class V chitinase catalytic domain, belonging to the carbohydrate-binding module family 18 (CBM18) and glycoside hydrolase family 18 (GH18), respectively. SdChiA had chitin-binding ability. The time-dependent cleavage pattern of (GlcNAc)4 by SdChiA showed that SdChiA specifically recognizes the β-anomer in the + 2 subsite of the substrate (GlcNAc)4 and cleaves the glycoside bond at the center of the substrate. This is the first report of the occurrence of a family 18 chitinase containing CBM18 chitin-binding domains.
Abbreviations: AtChiC: Arabidopsis thaliana class V chitinase; CBB: Coomassie brilliant blue R250; CBM: carbohydrate binding module family; CrChi-A: Cycas revolute chitinase-A; EaChiA: Equisetum arvense chitinase-A; GH: glycoside hydrolase family, GlxChi-B: gazyumaru latex chitinase-B; GlcNAc: N-acetylglucosamine; HPLC: high performance liquid chromatography; LysM; lysin motif; MtNFH1: Medicago truncatula ecotypes R108-1 chitinase; NCBI: national center for biotechnology information; NF: nodulation factor; NtChiV: Nicotiana tabacum class V chitinase; PCR: polymerase chain reaction; PrChi-A: Pteris ryukyuensis chitinase-A; RACE: rapid amplification of cDNA ends; SDS-PAGE: sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis; SdChiA: Selaginella doederleinii chitinase-A.
Finnish adolescents’ self-efficacy in peer interactions: a critical incident study
Authors: Nyman Johanna , Parisod Heidi , Axelin Anna , Salanterä Sanna 
Published: July 2018

Summary
Peers play a significant role in influencing adolescent self-efficacy. Self-efficacy, in turn, has been considered to influence health behavior. The purpose of this qualitative descriptive study was to describe adolescents’ perceptions about their self-efficacy in peer interactions to strengthen the theoretical understanding about the sources of self-efficacy during adolescence. The sample comprised of 155 adolescents (13 − 17 years) in three upper comprehensive schools within two Finnish cities. The data were collected using the critical incident technique with an open-ended questionnaire. Adolescents were asked to describe two situations: one in which they had, and another in which they had not been able to act according to their own choice in peer interactions. Adolescents’ written descriptions were analyzed using inductive thematic analysis. The data suggests that adolescents’ perceptions about their self-efficacy in peer interactions manifests itself as a dynamic process characterized by debating with oneself and reflecting on information relevant for judging personal abilities. Debating with oneself consisted of five themes which influenced the adolescents’ self-efficacy in peer interactions: adolescents’ self-identity, social atmosphere, adolescents’ cognitive and emotional aspects as well as evaluating the consequences of the intended action. Adolescents’ self-identity, which included self-confidence and morals, appeared to be the most solid theme, whereas social atmosphere varied according to the situation. Social atmosphere often diminished the adolescents’ self-efficacy in peer interactions. Although the findings are partly consistent with previous literature, they also put more emphasis on adolescents’ own active role in the formation of self-efficacy in the context of peer interactions.
Motion Analysis of a Jumping Task in Childhood Leukemia Survivors
Authors: Marchese Victoria , Sanders Ozell , York Teresa , Creath Robert , Rogers Mark 
Published: July 2018

Background:
Acute lymphoblastic leukemia childhood cancer survivors (ALL CCS) are at risk for long-term musculoskeletal and neuromuscular deficits in balance, motor proficiency, mobility, and peripheral neuropathy. However, studies have not rigorously quantified kinematic and kinetic differences between children developing typically and ALL CCS, as well as its effect on functional movement.

Purpose:
The purpose of this study was to examine kinematic and kinetic characteristics of ALL CCS and children developing typically while performing a functional movement, jump.

Methods:
The study population comprised 5 ALL CCS (aged 6-17 years) from the Department of Hematology/Oncology-Pediatrics at the University of Maryland Medical System and 5 age- and gender-matched controls. Mobility was assessed through the Timed Up and Go (TUG) test, and functional movement performance was evaluated during a vertical jump task. Balance was evaluated using Bruininks-Oseretsky Test of Motor Proficiency, Second Edition (BOT-2). Biomechanical measures included ankle, knee, and hip kinematics of the lower extremity and vertical ground reaction forces (VGRF) during impact from a vertical jump.

Results:
Significant differences were identified in the modulation of VGRF, and passive ankle range of motion between ALL CCS and children developing typically. Significant relationships between BOT-2 balance subtest score, TUG time, and the modulation of VGRF were also observed.

Conclusions:
We recommend physical therapists provide interventions focused on improving balance and mobility in ALL CCS. Future studies with a larger sample size should explore a wide variety of functional movement tasks in ALL CCS.
Does Psychoeducation Added to Oncology Rehabilitation Improve Physical Activity and Other Health Outcomes? A Systematic Review
Authors: Dennett Amy M. , Shields Nora , Peiris Casey L. , Reed Melissa S. , O'Halloran Paul D. , Taylor Nicholas F. 
Published: July 2018

Background:
Oncology rehabilitation programs improve a variety of health outcomes in cancer survivors. However, little is known about what components of rehabilitation are essential for improving outcomes.

Objective:
To evaluate the effectiveness of psychoeducational interventions added to exercise rehabilitation programs for cancer survivors.

Methods:
Electronic databases MEDLINE, EMBASE, PsycINFO, CINAHL, PubMed, and PEDro were systematically searched from the earliest available time to March 2016. Randomized controlled trials describing psychoeducational interventions added to exercise programs for cancer survivors were included for review. The primary outcome of interest was physical activity measured either subjectively or objectively. Meta-analyses using standardized mean differences were used to synthesize data. Risk of bias within trials was evaluated using the PEDro scale and between trials was assessed using the Grades of Research, Assessment, Development and Evaluation (GRADE) approach.

Results:
Six articles reporting outcomes from 2 trials were included for review. There was low- to high-quality evidence that there was no difference between exercise rehabilitation programs that included psychoeducation and exercise-only programs for improving physical activity levels, exercise capacity, general quality of life, and disease-specific quality of life. It is possible that exercise interventions alone include psychological elements that affect behavior change.

Conclusion:
There is insufficient evidence to support adding psychoeducational interventions to exercise-based oncology rehabilitation programs. More fully powered trials that directly compare different rehabilitation models are required to determine the most effective oncology rehabilitation model to improve health outcomes in cancer survivors.
Effect of Arm Position on Circumference Measurement of Upper Arms in Healthy and in Women With Breast Cancer–Related Lymphedema
Authors: Peleg Ruthi , Katz-Leurer Michal 
Published: July 2018

Background:
Arm circumference measurement for women with breast cancer–related lymphedema (BCRL) using a tape measure is reliable, valid, and widespread in clinical practice. Arm position for measurement varies among therapists and lacks uniformity in the literature.

Objective:
To examine the effect of arm position on total arm and segment volume for both arms in healthy women and women with BCRL.

Design:
Case-control study.

Methods:
Fourteen women in the maintenance phase of treatment of unilateral BCRL and 16 healthy women matched for age and body mass index. Three sequential circumferential measurements were performed in 2 different resting arm positions (90° supported forward flexion, dependent alongside the body) in both arms during 1 session. Arm volume was calculated using the summed truncated cone formula.

Results:
A nonsignificant interaction effect of arm (small vs large), position (horizontal vs vertical), and group (women with BCRL vs healthy women) on limb volume was noted (F
1,28 = 3.30, P = .08). While among women with BCRL (study group), the mean percentage volume change in the large arm between positions was lower than in the small arm (1.37% ± 1.97%) vs 1.61% ± 1.99%, respectively), the opposite was noted among healthy women (control group) (3.36% ± 1.45% vs 2.46% ± 1.59%, respectively).

Limitations:
Participants with BCRL presented with nonpitting mild lymphedema, and 2 specific positions that were selected limit the external validity to this stage of lymphedema and to these positions.

Conclusions:
Measurements should be performed in the same position; if not, according to the findings of this study, testing for systematic bias between positions should be performed.
Stewart-Treves Syndrome in a Patient Following Mastectomy: A Case Report
Authors: Jung Yong Jae , Cho Yun Woo , Chang Min Cheol 
Published: July 2018

Background:
Stewart-Treves syndrome (STS) is a rare and deadly entity, involving the development of lymphangiosarcoma in chronically lymphedematous upper extremities following mastectomy.

Case Description:
A 57-year-old woman presented with a 3-month history of rapidly growing, painful skin lesions on her left distal forearm. Fourteen years previously, she had undergone a radical mastectomy with axillary lymph node dissection, adjuvant chemotherapy, and radiation therapy due to invasive left breast cancer. A surgical biopsy specimen obtained from the lesion revealed a high-grade angiosarcoma, indicative of STS. Magnetic resonance imaging and whole-body positron emission tomography revealed that the left distal forearm lesion extended to the condyle of the left humerus. The patient underwent a transhumeral amputation of the left upper limb, and an 8-month combination chemotherapy regimen was scheduled. She is still alive 22 months after the diagnosis of STS.

Conclusion:
This study may increase the clinician's awareness regarding the occurrence of STS in patients with chronic lymphedema, especially after mastectomy.
Diagnosis of Upper-Quadrant Lymphedema Secondary to Cancer: Clinical Practice Guideline From the Oncology Section of APTA
Authors: Levenhagen Kimberly , Davies Claire , Perdomo Marisa , Ryans Kathryn , Gilchrist Laura 
Published: July 2018

Introduction:
The Oncology Section of APTA developed a clinical practice guideline to aid the clinician in diagnosing secondary upper-quadrant cancer-related lymphedema.

Methods:
Following a systematic review of published studies and a structured appraisal process, recommendations were written to guide the physical therapist and other health care clinicians in their diagnostic process. Overall, clinical practice recommendations were formulated on the basis of the evidence for each diagnostic method and were assigned a grade based on the strength of the evidence for different patient presentations and clinical utility.

Recommendations:
In an effort to make these clinically applicable, recommendations were based on the characteristics as to the location and stage of a patient's upper-quadrant lymphedema.
A 12-Week Exercise and Stress Management Pilot Program From Theory Through Implementation and Assessment
Authors: Packel Lora , Fang Carolyn Y. , Handorf Elizabeth , Rodoletz Michelle 
Published: July 2018

Purpose:
To assess the response of a 12-week exercise, education, and stress management program on the fatigue levels of a heterogeneous group of fatigued cancer survivors in a community setting.

Methods:
Peer-reviewed evidence was translated into a community-based exercise and stress management program for cancer-related fatigue. Inclusion criteria were adult with a cancer diagnosis, a score of 4 or more on a 0-10 fatigue scale, and the ability to walk for 10 continuous minutes. The 12-week program included 10 weeks of supervised moderate-intensity aerobic and strength training combined with 2 unsupervised weeks. During the 10 supervised sessions, participants also received education on nutrition, stress management, and sleep.

Outcome Measures:
Functional Assessment of Chronic Illness Therapy–Fatigue, Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS), National Comprehensive Cancer Network Distress Thermometer, Six-Minute Walk Test (6MWT), and Sit-to-Stand Test.

Results:
Sixteen cancer survivors completed the program (mean age = 68.5 years). Sixty-two percent were female, and 24% had breast cancer. Significant improvements were noted in fatigue (P = .008), physical well-being (P = .004), and in the anxiety subscale scores of the HADS (P = .047). Increases in 6MWT distance (P = .002) and Sit-to-Stand Test score (P = .018) were also observed. Significant reductions in psychological distress were found (P = .003); however, no significant changes were observed in emotional well-being ( P = .855), social well-being (P = .327), or depression (P = .221).

Limitations:
Because of attrition, this pilot study had a modest sample size. Study findings require replication with larger sample sizes.

Conclusions:
A 12-week exercise, stress management, and education program may be effective in reducing fatigue in a heterogeneous group of cancer survivors in a community setting.
Detecting Change in Activity Using the Patient-Specific Functional Scale With Breast Cancer Survivors
Authors: Davies Claire C. , Lengerich Alexander , Bugajski Andrew , Brockopp Dorothy 
Published: July 2018

Background:
Breast cancer survivors (BCSs) commonly report physical impairments in the upper extremity following treatment. Identifying and measuring active daily living limitations of BCSs can direct interventions. Presently, psychometrically tested outcome measures for BCSs are limited.

Objective:
To investigate the responsiveness of the Patient-Specific Functional Scale (PSFS) compared with the Disability of the Arm, Shoulder, and Hand (DASH) questionnaire in BCSs and identify common activity limitations BCSs reported using the PSFS.

Methods:
Forty female BCSs were referred to a community hospital–based outpatient physical therapy clinic following a mastectomy. The PSFS and the DASH questionnaire were assessed at initial evaluation and discharge. Active shoulder range of motion (ROM) and pain were measured to construct a pooled index. A standard response mean was calculated to determine the internal responsiveness of the PSFS.

Results:
A significant correlation was found between the PSFS change and ROM change of r
s = 0.466 (P = .003) but not between the DASH and ROM change scores: r
s = 0.098 (P = .558). The PSFS has a significantly higher standardized response mean of 1.2701 than the DASH questionnaire (0.5244). Common activity limitations reported by BCSs are reaching, mopping, sweeping, and dressing.

Limitations:
No standardization regarding the order of the evaluations may have introduced bias.

Conclusions:
The PSFS detects change in activity over time in BCSs. The PSFS allows individuals to report their specific activity limitations. Awareness of common activity limitations reported by BCSs can influence interventions.