bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Parameters and characteristics of the strategic development portfolio of the Arctic corporation
Authors: Afonichkina E A , Afonichkin A I , Almazova-Ilyina A B , Sosnina M N 
Published: August 2019

Abstract
This article addresses the problem of interaction between the participating countries of the Arctic corporate system, which is essential for the development of Arctic territories in circumpolar countries. The authors propose the structure and elements of efficient Arctic systems, examine the typology of the existing Arctic systems, and identify the vector of strategic development for complex Arctic systems. The development of such systems should be determined by the strategic development portfolio, which would ensure implementation of the development vector.
Analysis of economic development of the Arctic regions of Canada
Authors: Kobylko A , Kobylko E , Aladyshkin I , Karpovich I 
Published: August 2019

Abstract
The purpose of this article is to create a multi-level (in our case two-level) model that will be able to integrate models of different levels of a single socio-economic system. The multiple model is one of the possible approaches to the analysis of social and economic development of the Arctic region. The main feature of multiple models is that endogenous variables of a lower level are seen as exogenous variables of the following level. The focus of the article is to create a two-level model of the economic growth of the Arctic regions based on the example of Canada. In order to analyse the Arctic territories of Canada it was decided to use a functional approach with the model of autoregressive distributed lags (ADL – model). The general concept of the organization and development management of the Arctic territory of Canada is to represent the Arctic area as a set of target subspaces. For the purpose of target management such subspaces can be united flexibly in a form of an interactive network. This type of representation of the Arctic territory of Canada can be regarded to as subspace approach. This approach was selected as it takes into consideration the complexity and the multi-faceted structure of the research object. The first level of the model is reflected by models of separate target subspaces: territories of fishery; territories of extraction of mineral resources; territories for recreation. The ADL model is selected as a model of assessment for each target subspace. The model of the second level is presented in the form of a system of three equations, depending on the number of target indicators used for the evaluation of a socio-economic system influenced by subspaces. Each equation of the model used for the second level is also presented in the form of the ADL model. The article offers a new technique on how to determine the econometric equations coefficient.
Spatial organization of the Chukotka’s economy
Authors: Tarasova O V , Sokolova A A 
Published: August 2019

Abstract
Absrtact. Prospects for the Chukotka’s economic development are associated with several aspects: trends of the Northern Sea Route and its infrastructure revival; renewal of the peninsula energy system; the presence of profitable resource projects for the extraction of, copper, coal, oil and gas, and the need to develop the defence infrastructure on the northeast border of Russia. At the same time, extremely uncomfortable conditions for living and doing business, poor development of transport and social infrastructure, state of the energy system, shortage of skilled labor, environmental restrictions make economic indicators of projects unsatisfactory. Under these conditions, traditional project analysis should be transformed into the analysis of value chains, i.e. bundles of investment projects should be considered simultaneously. The purpose of this work was to understand the possible spatial organization of the Chukotka’s economy and economic -mathematical modelling of interrelated perspective projects within the projected centres of economic development. Systematization of data on promising projects of the Chukotka Autonomous District allowed defining the contours of three promising ATPCs - Peveksky, Anadyrsky and Lorinsky. Further, using the author’s simulation model, forecasted effects of four technologically related projects were assessed: the copper deposit Peschanka, the gold deposit Kekura, the floating nuclear power plant and the Pevek sea port. The toolkit created by the authors can be used to justify the development priorities of the Chukotka Autonomous District, as well as to assess the various institutional conditions for the implementation of investment projects in the region.
Neural network modeling of safety system for construction equipment operation in permafrost zone
Authors: Idrisova J I , Kaverzneva T T , Rumyantseva N V , Skripnik I L 
Published: August 2019

Abstract
The problems of neural network modeling of working conditions securing system while operating constructional equipment in permafrost zone are considered. Determining the temperature fields distribution on the soil depth on air temperature in regions with harsh climatic conditions will allow us to solve a number of engineering problems directed to creation of safe working conditions at construction equipment operation. As a first approximation temperature on the surface and in the depth of the upper layer of earth changes under the periodic law, following the change of air temperature during the year. With soil depth increasing the amplitude of temperature fluctuations decreases, but a random component related to weather conditions (the impact of which could be significant) is added to the periodic component caused by change of a season. In the article the mathematical model in the form of Stefan’s problem in which boundary conditions on earth surface are replaced with results of measurements is considered. Methods of neural network creation of this problem solution and results of computing experiments are given. The received results show that neural networks are the flexible tool, allowing to consider featuring of a task and all available information. Thus accuracy of results corresponds to accuracy of initial information. The additional information can be effectively used for specification of the required decision.
Targeting innovation activities of arctic enterprises in developing mineral and energy resources
Authors: Zharov V , Zharov N 
Published: August 2019

Abstract
The Arctic zone of the Russian Federation is the most important raw material base of the country’s economy, but for the further effective industrial development of Arctic resources at the enterprises operating here, a significant increase in labor productivity due to use of the latest technology and production technology is required. This is prevented by the lack of a system of targeting innovation revitalization by enterprises. Developing the theory of endogenous economic growth we propose to use a coefficient of technological effectiveness level of production to assess the pace of technological progress in enterprises and industries. Its values are calculated at macro, meso and micro levels on the basis of statistical reports, and the values achieved at the best enterprises of industries can be used by enterprises as target values in technological innovations.The increase in the value of the coefficient of technological effectiveness level is directly related to the renewal of the active part of fixed assets and the growth of capital productivity of enterprises, which leads to an increase in productivity; so, it is possible to assess the achievability of its target value based on the existing financial capabilities of enterprises and the possibility of obtaining financial support from the state and regions, including on the terms of private-public partnership.
Diamond Mining in the Arctic: Influence of Industrial Potential on Social and Economic Systems
Authors: Grigoryeva E E 
Published: August 2019

Abstract
In conditions of market, the relations between local authorities and subsoil users are poorly developed. The problem of the reaction of diamond mining companies’ activities to the budgetary process of the resource region is investigated insufficiently. A high degree of production costs increase in the industry of the Arctic regions determines the possibility of industrial projects development only for highly liquid productions, one of which is the commercial mining of natural diamonds. The industrial potential of the diamond mining companies of the Arctic was assessed on the base of a set of quantitative indicators. Macroeconomic factors influencing the sale of diamond products on the world diamond market are highlighted. The proposed methodological approach to assessing the industrial potentials of the companies allows conducting a comparative analysis of their influence on social sphere. The sources of the initial data for the quantitative assessment are the annual reports of the companies, i.e. the time series of data based on the period from 2015 to 2016. As a result of the research, it was determined that the industrial potential of diamond mining companies makes a similar contribution to the social and economic development of Anabar, Bulun, Olenek and Zhigansk municipal districts of Yakutia. Analysis of production and financial capacity has shown that there are reserves for increasing the social and environmental costs.
Development of methods and tools to support regional management in the Arctic zone of the Russian Federation based on cognitive interfaces
Authors: Vicentiy A V 
Published: August 2019

Abstract
This article discusses the creation of methods and tools for decision-making information support for regional management systems in the context of ensuring environmental and technological security in the Arctic region. To implement information support for regional management, we propose to use information technology for spatial data visualization. This technology is used to synthesize cognitive interfaces of multi-subject information systems supporting regional management in the Arctic zone of the Russian Federation. The article describes the methodological support, composition and structure of information technology to identify implicit conflicts of environmental management based on the use of methods of conceptual and ontological modeling of the subject area, system analysis and theory of management of complex systems. The key elements of the technology are the conceptual model of the conflict situation of environmental management, the ontology of the subject area, the knowledge base and the cognitive user interface of the multi-subject information regional management support system for the Arctic territories. A brief classification of conflicts among the stakeholders of the Arctic region (using the example of the Murmansk region) is also described. The proposed technology allows to identify potential conflicts of environmental management, including the detection and identification of environmental and technological safety problems in the Arctic regions of the Russian Federation.
Noisy neighbours among the selfish herd: a critical song distance mediates mate recognition within cicada emergences (Hemiptera: Cicadidae)
Authors: Chatfield-Taylor Will , Cole Jeffrey A 
Published: August 2019

AbstractCicadas probably experience mate recognition challenges as a result of the densities that may occur during adult emergence events, and in Okanagana, the most speciose genus of North American cicadas, high alpha diversities during protoperiodical emergences will exacerbate the mate recognition problem. Using 227 songs from 23 taxa, a linear plateau model regressed recognition potential, estimated from linear discriminant analysis, against song distance, revealing a critical song distance of 0.728 standard deviations in z-transformed song parameter space accompanied by a recognition of 91.6%. Based on detailed examination of museum specimen localities, field observations and habitat, taxa were classified as sympatric or allopatric. Sympatric species were separated by song distances that were significantly greater than this critical distance. As expected for mate recognition characters, little within-species variance was observed in the songs of most species, and the relationship between increases in syllable rate and improved recognition was one of diminishing returns. For several taxa that sang with extreme syllable rates of high variance, a mate recognition – sexual selection continuum is proposed. Along this continuum rapid rates simultaneously prevent mate recognition errors while signalling male quality to females.
Targeting mitochondrial dysfunction in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis: a systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Mehta Arpan R , Walters Rachel , Waldron Fergal M , Pal Suvankar , Selvaraj Bhuvaneish T , Macleod Malcolm R , Hardingham Giles E , Chandran Siddharthan , Gregory Jenna M 
Published: August 2019

Abstract
Interventions targeting mitochondrial dysfunction have the potential to extend survival in preclinical models of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis. The aim of this systematic review was to assess the efficacy of targeting mitochondria as a potential therapeutic target in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis. Preclinical studies written in the English language were identified with no restrictions on publication date from PubMed, Medline and EMBASE databases. All studies adopting interventions targeting mitochondria to treat amyotrophic lateral sclerosis in genetic or drug-induced organism models were considered for inclusion. A total of 76 studies were included in the analysis. Survival data were extracted, and the meta-analysis was completed in RevMan 5 software. We show that targeting mitochondrial dysfunction in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis results in a statistically significant improvement in survival (Z = 5.31; P &lt; 0.00001). The timing of administration of the intervention appears to affect the improvement in survival, with the greatest benefit occurring for interventions given prior to disease onset. Interventions at other time points were not significant, although this is likely to be secondary to a lack of publications examining these timepoints. The quality score had no impact on efficacy, and publication bias revealed an overestimation of the effect size, owing to one outlier study; excluding this led to the recalculated effect size changing from 5.31 to 3.31 (P &lt; 0.00001). The extant preclinical literature indicates that targeting mitochondrial dysfunction may prolong survival in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis, particularly if the intervention is administered early. A limitation of current research is a significant bias towards models based on superoxide dismutase 1, with uncertainty about generalisability to amyotrophic lateral sclerosis with an underlying TAR DNA binding protein 43 proteinopathy. However, further mechanistic research is clearly warranted in this field.
ExhibitingItalianità: Anna Magnani and Sophia Loren asMadri della Patria
Authors: Khrebtan-Hörhager Julia , Burgchardt Carl 
Published: August 2019

AbstractIn this essay, we analyze how the temporary photographic exhibits of Anna Magnani and Sophia Loren served as artifacts of creating, circulating, and negotiating italianità: the essence of Italian culture and national identity. The photography exhibits in Rome and Sorrento anchor our study, but in order to understand more fully how they invite or reinforce cultural meaning, we evaluated these works in their larger architectural, regional, and urban contexts. We conclude that the exhibits communicate contrasting versions of italianità in order to subvert patriarchic tendencies in society, withstand globalization, challenge pan-European transnationalism, and create a strong sense of shared, yet diverse, identity by Italians, as well as manifest national pride to the visitors of the Belpaese.
The world in Auerbach’s mouth: Weltliteratur after philhellenism
Authors: Umachandran Mathura 
Published: August 2019

AbstractWe live in an age of globalized and globalizing phenomena: the contemporary agenda of academic inquiry takes in ‘networks’, ‘connectivity’, and other modes of articulating complex structures of human activity. In Comparative Literature and beyond, the idea of world literature has borne the weight of idealist intercultural understanding, the hopes of translation studies, and the anxieties around the failure of communication. Erich Auerbach offers a touchstone in the conceptual genealogy of world literature (Weltliteratur). This article illuminates how Auerbach’s Weltliteratur is predicated on a polemic with German philhellenism, tracked through Auerbach’s declaration that his idea is ‘ungoethisch’. Auerbach’s revisions to Weltliteratur constituted a strategy to render it a historicist concept. Since Auerbach’s notion of historicism was itself derived from nineteenth-century German humanism, this essay argues that Auerbach was attempting to go with Goethe beyond Goethe. Finally, this essay assesses how successful Auerbach’s decoupling of Weltliteratur from universalism, under the sign of Goethe and the Greeks. I suggest that Weltliteratur is still a pertinent concept today because of Auerbach’s intervention to install historicist and dialectical resources therein.
A case report of unusual clinical features of a spontaneous coronary artery rupture: pathologic findings in the rupture site
Authors: Fujimoto Daichi , Takami Mitsuru , Kozuki Amane , Shite Junya 
Published: August 2019

Abstract

Background
Spontaneous coronary artery rupture (SCAR) is an extremely rare but life-threatening state. The aetiology and the pathologic findings remain to be fully elucidated.

Case summary
A 62-year-old woman, who had been on haemodialysis for 27 years, presented with chest discomfort worsening on deep inspiration that had been ongoing for the past 2 weeks. An echocardiogram and computed tomography showed diffuse pericardial fluid. ST elevation in the broad leads, especially in leads I, II, and aVF, and increased C-reactive peptide and Troponin I levels suggested pericarditis. The patient initially had a stable course with no medications. The chest symptoms disappeared and her vital signs were stable. On Day 13 after admission, however, she had a sudden cardiopulmonary arrest due to a cardiac tamponade. An emergency coronary angiography showed extravasation of the contrast into the epicardium from the branch of the circumflex artery. She was diagnosed with SCAR and underwent a successful coil embolization. However, she went into an irreversible coma due to the cerebral hypoxia. On Day 33, she died of pneumonia. An autopsy showed a rupture of the internal elastic layer of the coronary artery. However, no specific findings, such as aneurysm and dissection, were evident. The common atherosclerotic changes were observed.

Discussion
The stable condition lasting for over 2 weeks was a rare clinical course for SCAR. Long-term hypertension and dialysis would have caused the rupture of the coronary artery with common atherosclerotic changes. We should consider SCAR as one of the differential diagnoses when we observe pericardial fluid.
Seismic signal recognition by unsupervised machine learning
Authors: Huang Weilin 
Published: August 2019

SUMMARYSeismic signal recognition can serve as a powerful auxiliary tool for analysing and processing ever-larger volumes of seismic data. It can facilitate many subsequent procedures such as first-break picking, statics correction, denoising, signal detection, events tracking, structural interpretation, inversion and imaging. In this study, I propose an automatic technique of seismic signal recognition taking advantage of unsupervised machine learning. In the proposed technique, seismic signal recognition is considered as a problem of clustering data points. All the seismic sampling points in time domain are clustered into two clusters, that is, signal or non-signal. The hierarchical clustering algorithm is used to group these sampling points. Four attributes, that is, two short-term-average-to-long-term-average ratios, variance and envelope are investigated in the clustering process. In addition, to quantitatively evaluate the performance of seismic signal recognition properly, I propose two new statistical indicators, namely, the rate between the total energies of original and recognized signals (RTE), and the rate between the average energies of original and recognized signals (RAE). A large number of numerical experiments show that when the signal is slightly corrupted by noise, the proposed technique performs very well, with recognizing accuracy, precision and RTE of nearly 1 (i.e. 100 per cent), recall greater than 0.8 and RAE about 1–1.3. When the signal is moderately corrupted by noise, the proposed technique can hold recognizing accuracy about 0.9, recognizing precision nearly to 1, RTE about 0.9, recall around 0.6 and RAE about 1.5. Applications of the proposed technique to real microseismic data induced from hydraulic fracturing and reflection seismic data demonstrate its feasibility and encouraging prospect.
Genetic Diversity, Population Structure, and Migration Scenarios of the Marsupial “Monito del Monte” in South-Central Chile
Authors: Valladares-Gómez Alejandro , Celis-Diez Juan L , Sepúlveda-Rodríguez Constanza , Inostroza-Michael Oscar , Hernández Cristián E , Palma R Eduardo 
Published: August 2019

AbstractIn this study, we quantified the 3 pivotal genetic processes (i.e., genetic diversity, spatial genetic structuring, and migration) necessary for a better biological understanding and management of the singular “living-fossil” and near-threatened mouse opossum marsupial Dromiciops gliroides, the “Monito del Monte,” in south-central Chile. We used 11 microsatellite loci to genotype 47 individuals distributed on the mainland and northern Chiloé Island. Allelic richness, observed and expected heterozygosity, inbreeding coefficient, and levels of genetic differentiation were estimated. The genetic structure was assessed based on Bayesian clustering methods. In addition, potential migration scenarios were evaluated based on a coalescent theory framework and Bayesian approach to parameter estimations. Microsatellites revealed moderate to high levels of genetic diversity across sampled localities. Moreover, such molecular markers suggested that at least 2 consistent genetic clusters could be identified along the D. gliroides distribution (“Northern” and “Southern” cluster). However, general levels of genetic differentiation observed among localities and between the 2 genetic clusters were relatively low. Migration analyses showed that the most likely routes of migration of D. gliroides occurred 1) from the Southern cluster to the Northern cluster and 2) from the Mainland to Chiloé Island. Our results could represent critical information for future conservation programs and for a recent proposal about the taxonomic status of this unique mouse opossum marsupial.