bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Decoupling mechanical and morphometric properties in meta-biomaterials
Authors: Yarali Ebrahim , Staufer Urs , Fratila-Apachitei Lidy E. , Mahdavi Reza , Zadpoor Amir A. , Accardo Angelo , Mirzaali Mohammad J. 
Published: November 2024

Abstract

Meta-biomaterials are engineered biomaterials with unprecedented properties derived from their designed microscale structure, positioning them as promising candidates for developing medical devices (e.g., meta-implants). A significant challenge in developing meta-biomaterials lies in effectively decoupling their intrinsically intertwined mechanical properties (e.g., elastic and shear moduli, Poisson’s ratio) and morphometric properties (e.g., porosity, connectivity, surface area). To address this challenge, we introduced non-stochastic unit cells featuring cubic and isotropic properties with three orthotropic planes of symmetry. We explicitly derived the geometrical relationships necessary to explore our design spaces, and calculated the morphometric properties (e.g., pore sizes). We employed a numerical homogenization method based on a 3D voxelization approach to model the unit cells of the meta-biomaterials within our design space, representing the empty and solid phases in a binary format. Through an extensive number of simulations (i.e., 43,000) and a multi-objective optimization technique, we successfully isolated the Poisson’s ratio while maintaining other mechanical properties (i.e., effective elastic and shear moduli, and anisotropy level), morphological properties (i.e., relative mass density, pore size, tortuosity, surface/volume ratio and connectivity) and mass transport parameters (i.e., permeability) as constant as possible, with an average deviation below 9%. The resulting meta-biomaterials were additively manufactured using PolyJet 3D printing and two-photon polymerization techniques, respectively at the macro- and microscales. Mechanical testing was conducted on these fabricated meta-biomaterials to validate the predictions of our computational models. The established computational model and fabricated meta-biomaterials provide promising avenues for advancing tissue engineering and facilitating studies in cell mechanobiology, enabling precise exploration of the isolated effects of mechanical and morphometric properties.
Investigating the prevalence of nurses' workflow interruptions and the factors affecting them in the general hospitals affiliated with Kashan University of Medical Sciences in 2024
Authors: abbaszadeh seyyed mohammad , poursaadat newsha , nayeri nahid dehghan 
Published: November 2024

Abstract

Background and objective:
Workflow interruptions significantly decrease productivity and are among the top five causes of medication errors. They are also linked to nursing errors, posing risks to the quality and effectiveness of patient care and safety. Therefore, this study aimed to investigate the prevalence of interruptions in nurses' workflow and the factors influencing them in general hospitals affiliated with Kashan University of Medical Sciences (KUMS) in 2024.
Method:
This is a descriptive and analytical quantitative study that focused on all nurses working in six general hospitals affiliated with KUMS. The sample size for this study was 300 individuals, who were randomly and proportionally selected from each hospital. Data collection involved using a demographic information and a self-report questionnaire on nursing workflow interruptions, which were administered in person at the research sites. The collected data was then analyzed using the SPSS version 21.
Findings:
The majority of participants are female, married, native, with a bachelor's degree, and have an average age of 34.4 (±7.758). On average, they have 10.88(±7.508) years of work experience and work 62.03(±37.395) hours of overtime per month. The highest rate of interruptions was related to answering the wards phone, with a prevalence of 51.7% occurring at least 5 times a day. The lowest rate of interruptions was related to emergency situations (safety, accident, fire, theft), with 74.7% of people reporting "almost never." The wards with the highest frequency of interruptions were the operating room, surgery, psychiatric, and ICU. There is also a significant relationship between the occurrence of interruptions, family income, the amount of overtime, and types of wards.
Conclusion:
The presence of interruptions in nursing work is unavoidable due to nature and complexity of nurses' responsibilities. However, through increased awareness, education, and policy making by nursing managers, the frequency of interruptions can be reduced. This study highlights that within Iran's healthcare organizations, establishing policies to prevent interruptions not only improves the quality of nursing care and patient safety, but also has positive effects on the overall health outcomes for nurses.
A Survey on Postgraduate Dental Students' Knowledge on Diagnostic Adjuncts for Oral Cancer
Authors: Güneri Pelin , Bolukbasi Gaye , Özer Nezaket Ezgi , Dağhan Şafak , İlhan Betül 
Published: November 2024

Abstract

Background
To assess the knowledge levels of postgraduate students in the departments of oral and maxillofacial radiology (OMFR) and oral surgery (OS) regarding diagnostic adjuncts for oral mucosal lesions.
Methods
Postgraduate students enrolled in OMFR and OS programs across dental faculties nationwide between 2019 and 2021 were included. A total of 434 participants were selected based on specific criteria. A 40-question questionnaire with items formulated by specialists with at least 15 years of experience covered basic information, principles/mechanisms, application techniques, and result interpretation. The survey was distributed online, and responses were collected anonymously. Statistical analysis was performed using SPSS 25.0, including descriptive statistics and significance testing.
Results
A total of 131 postgraduate students participated. Demographic characteristics of the participants were largely comparable. The questionnaire revealed that participants exhibited accurate responses to questions related to basic information and staining methods. However, questions related to optical methods received significantly more inaccurate responses, indicating a lack of knowledge in this area. No significant impact of age, gender, or postgraduate education program was observed on the accuracy of responses.
Conclusions
Despite a general awareness of basic information and staining methods for oral mucosal lesions, postgraduate students showed a notable lack of knowledge regarding optical diagnostic methods. Enhancements in theoretical curricula and hands-on clinical training are recommended to bridge this knowledge gap and improve diagnostic capabilities in detecting oral cancer. These findings highlight the need for continued education and training on diagnostic adjuncts for oral cancer among dental professionals.
Research on Image Recognition of Nantong Shen Embroidery Intangible Cultural Heritage Based on Improved Mobile Net V3
Authors: Changyong Zhu , Xue Bai , Jiajun Zhu , Wenjuan Huang 
Published: November 2024

Abstract

[Research Objective] This study presents a method for recognizing Shen embroidery images based on the MobileNet V3 model, with the aim of enhancing recognition accuracy and supporting the preservation of national intangible cultural heritage.
[Method] A lightweight deep learning network was employed for image recognition, augmented through data enhancement techniques and fine-tuned via transfer learning. An SPP (Spatial Pyramid Pooling) module was integrated into the network, resulting in the development of the Ip-MobileNet V3 model. This model was applied to recognize Nantong Shen embroidery images, accompanied by the creation of a corresponding software system.
[Conclusion] The Ip-MobileNet V3 model achieved an impressive recognition accuracy of 98.65%, surpassing MobileNet V3 by 2.6%. These results demonstrate high system performance and provide valuable technical support for intelligent identification of intangible cultural heritage.
Dual-Targeting of PDPN-Expressing Synovial Fibroblasts and Macrophages via CLEC-2-Engineered Exosomes for Osteoarthritis Therapy
Authors: Yu Bo , Peng Rui , Liu Zitao , Chen Shanchuang , Xu Nanjun , Yang Qingjun , Zha Zhengang , Chen Bolai , Jiang Tao , Huan Songwei , Gui Tao 
Published: November 2024

Abstract

Synovitis is often associated with osteoarthritis (OA) and may even precede the onset of OA symptoms. Although targeting synovial inflammation has shown therapeutic promise in OA, the synovium's heterogeneous composition, with multiple cell types contributing to the inflammatory response, indicates that focusing on a single cell population may not provide the most favorable results. This investigation employed scRNA-seq of OA synovial tissues from both human and murine sources, revealing that fibroblasts and macrophages expressing high levels of Podoplanin (PDPN). These cells constitute approximately 70% of the total synovial cells and display pro-inflammatory properties. Drawing inspiration from the unique interaction between PDPN and CLEC-2, we engineered mesenchymal stromal cell-derived exosomes to overexpress CLEC-2 (ExosomeCLEC-2) and encapsulated liquiritigenin-loaded poly (lactic-co-glycolic acid) (PLGA) within the ExosomeCLEC-2 membrane (EMCLEC-2), creating a PDPN-targeting nanoparticle system called EMCLEC-2-PLGA-liquiritigenin (EMPL). Remarkably, EMPL concurrently targets synovial PDPNhigh fibroblasts and macrophages, exhibiting anti-inflammatory effects both in vitro and in vivo, and preventing cartilage degeneration in a traumatic OA model. In summary, our research highlights the potential of developing a PDPN-targeting nanoparticle platform that can concurrently target and mitigate the inflammatory processes in both fibroblasts and macrophages, offering a novel and promising therapeutic strategy for the treatment of osteoarthritis.
WITHDRAWN: A novel silica aerogel-based modified adsorbent for the efficient removal of toluene from aqueous media: characterization, central composite design optimization, isotherms, kinetics studies
Authors: Abedi Vida , Taghavi Lobat , Frahani Hadi , Panahi Homayon Ahmad , Larijani Kambiz 
Published: November 2024

Abstract

The full text of this preprint has been withdrawn by the authors while they make corrections to the work. Therefore, the authors do not wish this work to be cited as a reference. Questions should be directed to the corresponding author.
Selection of key components in ball screw-driven servomechanisms with toothed belt drive transmission for machine tools through combinational optimization
Authors: Jang Rim Chol , Kim Myong Il , Ri Kumsong 
Published: November 2024

Abstract

We have developed a program for the optimal combination of servomotors, ball screws, and tooth pulleys that are key components in the machine tool application of a ball screw-driven servomechanism with pulley transmission. This program helps to produce an optimal combination of motor output torque/ motor output power/mass of system, etc., satisfying a given design requirement from the components being discretized by a given catalog. The input to this program is catalogs of components and initial design data of the machine tool servo mechanism to be designed. The outputs are the component characteristics of the servomotor-ball screw-pulley pair combinations (possible combinations) that satisfy the constraints on the component characteristics and the constraints on the dynamic and control characteristics of the system, and the characteristics of the virtual servo mechanism determined by each possible combination (maximum load torque, ball-position dependent minimum stiffness, natural frequency, gear ratio, inertia moment ratio, etc.) and the corresponding diagrams. Depending on which search target is set for these output data, the optimal combination for different destination tables can be quickly searched. The advantage of this method is to determine the global and precise optimal component combinations from a vast amount of databases by means of simple numerical simulations, which is verified by applications to servomechanisms for machining center
Elasto-mechanical properties of black locust laminated veneer lumber
Authors: Hirschmüller Sebastian , Blumer Samuel 
Published: November 2024

Abstract

Black locust (Robinia pseudoacacia L.) has great potential for weathered exterior applications due to its natural durability and density. In particular, the narrow sapwood range and the crooked trunk areas with strong fibre inclination make the production of veneer lumber from shorter logs very interesting, except for logs with a tension back. This paper describes selected elasto-mechanical properties of Robinia laminated veneer lumber, in particular the Young´s modulus (E) in tension, the Poisson´s ratios (µ), and the strengths (σ). The properties EL, ER, ET, µLT, µTR, µLR, and σL, σR, σT were determined experimentally by tensile tests, and the lateral strain coefficients µTL, µRT, and µRL were calculated from these values. The parameters were tested in a climate of 20°C and 60% relative humidity and at the moisture saturation point. The results show a significant decrease in Young's modulus and modulus of rupture with increasing wood moisture content in the longitudinal, radial, and tangential directions. No moisture dependence of the lateral strain coefficients was observed. No significant correlation was found between the properties investigated and gross density, nor between Young's modulus and tensile strength. Unlike Young's modulus and tensile strength, the lateral strain coefficients showed no clear trend with increasing wood moisture content. The strain coefficients are in good agreement with literature values, but further research with larger samples and different material sources is needed to complete the engineering constants. In addition, characteristic values of component size and material durability are of interest for future development.
Global cognitive function and allostatic load in older adults living in rural Ecuador: insights from the EcuAging study
Authors: Buller-Peralta Ingrid , Kulp Katherine , Sevi Baris , Supiyev Adil , Gutierrez Angela , Grijalva Mario , Marroig Alejandra , Massa Fernando , Rodriguez-Quintana Tamara , Muniz-Terrera Graciela 
Published: November 2024

Abstract

Background
Evidence about the association between global cognitive function and allostatic load, a measure of cumulative wear and tear resulting from chronic stress and life events, in older adults living in rural areas of Latin America is limited. This lack of knowledge obscures the current understanding of potentially modifiable risk factors for poor cognitive function.
Methods
We used data from 213 older adults who participated in the EcuAging study, a study of older adults living in rural inland areas of Ecuador. Using blood biomarkers, we derived an index of allostatic load and studied its association with global cognition measured using the Mini Mental State Exam, using linear regression models controlling for sociodemographic and lifestyle data.
Results
We found no evidence of an association between global cognitive function and allostatic load in univariate models or multivariable linear regression models.
Conclusion
Further research into psychosocial and biological factors associated with cognitive function in older adults living in rural areas of Ecuador may be needed to identify avenues to preserve cognition in this population.
Trial Registration:
The study protocol was approved by the Human Research Ethics Committee of the Pontifical Catholic University of Ecuador (Protocol Number CEISH-494-2023).
Uptake and completion of Tuberculosis Preventive Therapy among people living with HIV on Antiretroviral Therapy in Uganda, 2020–2023
Authors: Ssemanda¹ Innocent , Nakawuka Mina , Waako Susan , Migisha Richard , Kwesiga¹ Benon , Bulage Lilian , Nanziri Carol , Ario Alex Riolexus , Kadobera Daniel , Lukoye Deus 
Published: November 2024

Abstract

Introduction
In 2015, Uganda adopted the World Health Organization (WHO) guidelines for Tuberculosis Preventive Therapy (TPT) among people living with HIV (PLHIV). The country has implemented several initiatives to scale up TPT including the integration of TPT into HIV care services. The WHO target for both initiation and completion of TPT among PLHIV in care is 90% by 2035. We described trends and spatial distribution of TPT uptake and completion, and reasons for non-completion among PLHIV in Uganda to track progress towards meeting the targets.
Methods
We extracted and analyzed national and subnational aggregated data on TPT among PLHIV on Antiretroviral Therapy (ART) as reported through the District Health Information System Version 2 (DHIS2) from January 2020 to December 2023. TPT eligibility, initiation, and completion rates were calculated. Reasons for failure to complete TPT were categorized as loss to follow-up, TB diagnosis, stopping due to side effects, and death while on TPT. We analyzed trends using the Mann-Kendall test and described spatial distribution by region over time. P-values of < 0.05 were considered statistically significant.
Results
By June 2023, 1,330,693 PLHIV on ART were eligible for TPT, of which 87% (1,157,703) had been initiated and 92% (1,065,086) of the initiated had completed TPT treatment. Between January 2020 and December 2023, uptake of TPT increased from 21% of eligible PLHIV to 89% and completion increased from 91–96%. Of the 92,617 (8%) ART clients who did not complete their TPT regimen, 29,435 (37%) were lost to follow-up, 2,356 (3%) died, and 1,589 (2%) were diagnosed with TB.
Conclusion
Uganda is close to achieving the WHO TPT initiation target and has already met the target for TPT completion among PLHIV. It is important for the Ministry of Health to maintain the high initiation rates of TPT among PLHIV who are newly enrolled in care.
Production and Characterization of Drywall Reinforced With Fiber From the Amazonian Palm
Authors: Vale Hekiciellen Pamella Nunes Do , Lourenço Yanka Beatriz Costa , Arantes Lorran De Sousa , Júnior José Benedito Guimarães , Mendes Lourival Marin , Ugucioni Julio Cesar 
Published: November 2024

Abstract

This research aimed to produce gypsum plasterboards by replacing gypsum matrices with varying concentrations of Miriti co-products and evaluating the resulting physical-mechanical and thermal properties of the composites. For composite production, gypsum mass was substituted with different proportions of Miriti: 2.5%, 5%, 7.5%, and 10%. The manual mixing of gypsum, water, and Miriti was conducted within a 2.5-minute timeframe, followed by molding into forms with dimensions of 200x200x15 mm. The board faces were coated with cellulose pulp, a common practice in the application of gypsum plasterboard in drywall systems. After a 24-hour period, the boards were removed from the molds and placed in a climate chamber with a temperature of 20 ± 2 °C and relative humidity of 65 ± 3% for 28 days. Subsequently, test specimens were extracted for the execution of physical-mechanical and thermal tests. The Miriti-containing gypsum plasterboards exhibited lower bulk density, resulting in lightweight materials. Both Miriti-reinforced and unreinforced gypsum plasterboards met the requirements specified in EN 13279-1 (2008) for flexural strength (MOR), which establishes a minimum value of 1 MPa for gypsum-based construction materials. Composites with 2.5% and 5% Miriti also fulfilled the demands of EN 13279-1 (2008) for compressive strength, which sets a minimum value of 2 MPa. Composites with 7.5% and 10% Miriti showcased the highest thermal resistance values. The use of Miriti co-products demonstrated promise for various applications in the construction industry, enabling value addition and appropriate final disposition of this lignocellulosic material.
Sheehan's syndrome complicated with graves' disease-a rare case report
Authors: Yan ManLi , Wang Yiting , Zhang Kaiyuan , Wei Hua 
Published: November 2024

Abstract

BACKGROUND
Sheehan's syndrome refers to a series of conditions caused by the rapid restoration of the pituitary after childbirth, leading to a sudden decrease in blood flow to the adenohypophysis, resulting in peripheral circulatory failure and ischemic necrosis of the adenohypophysis. The clinical manifestations are characterized by the triad of hypofunction of the gonadal, thyroid, and adrenal cortices. As described below, the co-occurrence with graves' disease is extremely rare.
CASE SUMMARY
A 57-year-old female presented with chronic diarrhea persisting for over 30 years, worsening of diarrhea with weight loss for 6 months. Based on her medical history, physical examination, laboratory tests, and imaging results, she was diagnosed with Sheehan's syndrome complicated with graves' disease. Subsequently, she received adrenal corticosteroid replacement therapy, anti-thyroid medication, and other symptomatic treatments. After treatment, the patient's diarrhea and weight loss symptoms were relieved. However, during the nearly 20 months of follow-up, dynamic re-examination still indicated hyperthyroidism and elevated thyrotropin receptor antibodies.
CONCLUSION
Regular assessment of axial function in patients with Sheehan's syndrome is needed to allow for timely adjustment of treatment regimens.
Combined analysis of the endophytic fungi and volatile oil content of different Aquilaria sinensis germplasms revealed the correlations between endophytic fungal abundances and agarwood production
Authors: Zhang Yuyin , Jiang Zixiao , Dou Hua , Fan Chenlu , Wei Jianhe , Chen Xuyu 
Published: November 2024

Abstract

The aim of this study was to examine the relationships between the endophytic fungi and volatile oil content in ordinary-type and Qinan-type Aquilaria sinensis. High-throughput sequencing was used to analyse the distribution of fungi in the healthy wood layer and the agarwood layer of Aquilaria sinensis (ordinary-type and Qinan-type), gas chromatography‒mass spectrometry (GC‒MS) was used to measure the volatile oil content of agarwood and healthy wood from ordinary-type and Qinan-type A. sinensis, and SPSS was used to analyse the correlation between the two. The results of the analysis revealed that the fungal community composition within the agarwood of ordinary-type and Qinan-type A. sinensis differed, the volatile oil content of the agarwood of ordinary-type and Qinan-type A. sinensis differed, and the contents in the healthy wood layer of ordinary-type and Qinan-type A. sinensis varied only slightly. The abundances of the genera Fusarium, Hermatomyces, and Rhinocladiella were correlated with the formation of the sesquiterpene constituents of agarwood. The abundances of the genera Microidium, Cladosporium, and Cephalotrichum were correlated with the levels of chromones in agarwood, and there was a correlation between the abundance of endophytic fungi and the chemical composition of agarwood. The differences among germplasms affected the distribution of endophytic fungi and the volatile oil composition of agarwood, and there was a correlation between the composition of the volatile oil of agarwood and the distribution of endophytic fungi.