bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Socially aware microcloud service overlay optimization in community networks
Authors: Apolónia Nuno , Freitag Felix , Navarro Leandro , Girdzijauskas Sarunas 
Published: September 2019

SummaryCommunity networks are a growing network cooperation effort by citizens to build and maintain Internet infrastructure in regions that are not available. Adding that, to bring cloud services to community networks (CNs), microclouds were started as an edge cloud computing model where members cooperate using resources. Therefore, enhancing routing for services in CNs is an attractive paradigm that benefits the infrastructure. The problem is the growing consumption of resources for disseminating messages in the CN environment. This is because the services that build their overlay networks are oblivious to the underlying workload patterns that arise from social cooperation in CNs. In this paper, we propose Select in Community Networks (SELECTinCN), which enhances the overlay creation for pub/sub systems over peer‐to‐peer (P2P) networks. Moreover, SELECTinCN includes social information based on cooperation within CNs by exploiting the social aspects of the community of practice. Our work organizes the peers in a ring topology and provides an adaptive P2P connection establishment algorithm, where each peer identifies the number of connections needed based on the social structure and user availability. This allows us to propagate messages using a reduced number of hops, thus providing an efficient heuristic to an NP‐hard problem that maps the workload graph to the structured P2P overlays resulting in a number of messages close to the theoretical minimum. Experiments show that, by using social network information, SELECTinCN reduces the number of relay nodes by up to 89% using the community of practice information versus the state‐of‐the‐art pub/sub notification systems given as baseline.
Catalytic Cleavage of Amide C−N Bond: Scandium, Manganese, and Zinc Catalysts for Esterification of Amides
Authors: Mashima Kazushi , Nishii Yuji , Nagae Haruki 
Published: September 2019

AbstractAmide C−N bonds are thermodynamically stable and their fission, such as by hydrolysis and alcoholysis, is considered a long‐challenging organic reaction. In general, stoichiometric chemical transformations of amides into the corresponding esters and acids require harsh conditions, such as strong acids/bases at a high reaction temperature. Accordingly, the development of catalytic reactions that cleave not only primary and secondary amides, but also tertiary amides in mild conditions, is in high demand. Herein, we surveyed typical stoichiometric transformations of amides, and highlight our recent achievements in the catalytic esterification of amides using scandium, manganese, and zinc catalysts, together with some recent catalyst systems using late‐transition metal reported by other groups.
State space model for vibration control with arbitrary controller structures for soft mounted induction motors with sleeve bearings fixed on active motor foot mounts
Authors: Werner Ulrich 
Published: September 2019

AbstractIn the paper, a state space model for vibration control with arbitrary controller structures for soft mounted induction motors with sleeve bearings fixed on active motor foot mounts is shown. Besides the mathematical description of the forced vibrations caused by dynamic rotor eccentricity, a procedure is presented to derive the threshold of vibration stability. The challenge of the paper is the use of arbitrary controller structures with different feedback strategies – feedback of the motor feet displacements, velocities or accelerations – in combination with a special vibration system. This specialty is, that the stiffness and damping matrices depend on the rotor angular frequency Ω, which corresponds to the excitation angular frequency, when analyzing the forced vibration, and depend additionally on the natural angular frequency ωstab of the critical mode, when analyzing the threshold of stability. After the mathematical description is shown, a numerical example of a 2‐pole induction motor (power rating 2.4 MW) is presented, in which the threshold of stability is analyzed as well as the forced vibrations due to dynamic rotor eccentricity by investigating the bearing housing vibrations, the foundation vibrations and the actuator forces.
Optimality of the quantified Ingham–Karamata theorem for operator semigroups with general resolvent growth
Authors: Debruyne Gregory , Seifert David 
Published: September 2019

Abstract
We prove that a general version of the quantified Ingham–Karamata theorem for $$C_0$$C0-semigroups is sharp under mild conditions on the resolvent growth, thus generalising the results contained in a recent paper by the same authors. It follows in particular that the well-known Batty–Duyckaerts theorem is optimal even for bounded $$C_0$$C0-semigroups whose generator has subpolynomial resolvent growth. Our proof is based on an elegant application of the open mapping theorem, which we complement by a crucial technical lemma allowing us to strengthen our earlier results.
Cross-sectional and longitudinal associations between receptive arts engagement and loneliness among older adults
Authors: Tymoszuk Urszula , Perkins Rosie , Fancourt Daisy , Williamon Aaron 
Published: September 2019

Abstract

Purpose
Loneliness in older adulthood is a societal and public health challenge warranting identification of sustainable and community-based protective factors. This study investigated whether frequency of receptive arts engagement is associated with lower odds of loneliness in older adults.

Methods
We used data of respondents from waves 2 (2004–2005) and 7 (2014–2015) of the English Longitudinal Study of Ageing (ELSA) and examined cross-sectional (n = 6222) and longitudinal (n = 3127) associations between frequency of receptive arts engagement (including visits to the cinema, museums/galleries/exhibitions, theatre/concerts/opera) and odds of loneliness (cut-off ≥ 6 on three-item short form of the Revised UCLA Loneliness Scale). We fitted logistic regression models adjusted for a range of sociodemographic, economic, health and social, community and civic engagement factors.

Results
Cross-sectionally, we found dose–response negative associations between engagement with all receptive arts activities and odds of loneliness. Prospectively, in the fully-adjusted models we found most robust evidence for the negative association between engagement with museums/galleries/exhibitions and odds of loneliness (OR = 0.68, 95% CI 0.48–0.95) for those who engaged every few months or more often compared with those who never engaged. We found weaker evidence for lower odds of loneliness for more frequent engagement with theatre/concerts/opera.

Conclusions
Frequent engagement with certain receptive arts activities and venues, particularly museums, galleries and exhibitions, may be a protective factor against loneliness in older adults. Future research is needed to identify the mechanisms through which this process may occur, leading to better understanding of how arts activities and venues can reduce loneliness among older adults.
Versatile stabilized finite element formulations for nearly and fully incompressible solid mechanics
Authors: Karabelas Elias , Haase Gundolf , Plank Gernot , Augustin Christoph M. 
Published: September 2019

AbstractComputational formulations for large strain, polyconvex, nearly incompressible elasticity have been extensively studied, but research on enhancing solution schemes that offer better tradeoffs between accuracy, robustness, and computational efficiency remains to be highly relevant. In this paper, we present two methods to overcome locking phenomena, one based on a displacement-pressure formulation using a stable finite element pairing with bubble functions, and another one using a simple pressure-projection stabilized$$\mathbb {P}_1 - \mathbb {P}_1$$P1-P1finite element pair. A key advantage is the versatility of the proposed methods: with minor adjustments they are applicable to all kinds of finite elements and generalize easily to transient dynamics. The proposed methods are compared to and verified with standard benchmarks previously reported in the literature. Benchmark results demonstrate that both approaches provide a robust and computationally efficient way of simulating nearly and fully incompressible materials.
Diversity of graph models and graph generators in mutation testing
Authors: Semeráth Oszkár , Farkas Rebeka , Bergmann Gábor , Varró Dániel 
Published: September 2019

Abstract
When custom modeling tools are used for designing complex safety-critical systems (e.g., critical cyber-physical systems), the tools themselves need to be validated by systematic testing to prevent tool-specific bugs reaching the system. Testing of such modeling tools relies upon an automatically generated set of models as a test suite. While many software testing practices recommend that this test suite should be diverse, model diversity has not been studied systematically for graph models. In the paper, we propose different diversity metrics for models by generalizing and exploiting neighborhood and predicate shapes as abstraction. We evaluate such shape-based diversity metrics using various distance functions in the context of mutation testing of graph constraints and access policies for two separate industrial DSLs. Furthermore, we evaluate the quality (i.e., bug detection capability) of different (random and consistent) model generation techniques for mutation testing purposes.
Redirecting the lipid metabolism of the yeast Starmerella bombicola from glycolipid to fatty acid production
Authors: Jezierska Sylwia , Claus Silke , Ledesma-Amaro Rodrigo , Van Bogaert Inge 
Published: September 2019

Abstract
Free fatty acids are basic oleochemicals implemented in a range of applications including surfactants, lubricants, paints, plastics, and cosmetics. Microbial fatty acid biosynthesis has gained much attention as it provides a sustainable alternative for petrol- and plant oil-derived chemicals. The yeast Starmerella bombicola is a microbial cell factory that naturally employs its powerful lipid metabolism for the production of the biodetergents sophorolipids (&gt; 300 g/L). However, in this study we exploit the lipidic potential of S. bombicola and convert it from the glycolipid production platform into a free fatty acid cell factory. We used several metabolic engineering strategies to promote extracellular fatty acid accumulation which include blocking competing pathways (sophorolipid biosynthesis and β-oxidation) and preventing free fatty acid activation. The best producing mutant (Δcyp52m1Δfaa1Δmfe2) secreted 0.933 g/L (± 0.04) free fatty acids with a majority of C18:1 (43.8%) followed by C18:0 and C16:0 (40.0 and 13.2%, respectively). Interestingly, deletion of SbFaa1 in a strain still producing sophorolipids also resulted in 25% increased de novo sophorolipid synthesis (P = 0.0089) and when oil was supplemented to the same strain, a 50% increase in sophorolipid production was observed compared to the wild type (P = 0.03). We believe that our work is pivotal for the further development and exploration of S. bombicola as a platform for synthesis of environmentally friendly oleochemicals.
Tuning of salt separation efficiency by flow rate control in microfluidic dynamic dialysis
Authors: Kalikavunkal Prameen C. , Green Nicolas G. , de Planque Maurits R. R. 
Published: September 2019

Abstract
Microliter-scale separation processes are important for biomedical research and point-of-care diagnostics with small-volume clinical samples. Analytical assays such as mass spectrometry and field effect sensing necessitate sample desalting, but too low a salt concentration can disrupt protein structures and biomolecular interactions. In this work, we investigated whether salt extraction from a protein solution can be controlled by dynamic dialysis parameters. A microfluidic counter-flow dialyzer with a 5 kDa molecular weight cut-off cellulose membrane was fabricated by laser cutting and operated with a wide range of feed and dialysis flow rates. It was found that with the appropriate flow conditions, most notably the feed flow rate, retentate salt concentrations from 0.1 to 99% of the input NaCl concentration can be achieved. The experimental data were in good agreement with a theoretical diffusion-based mass transfer model. The salt dialysis performance was similar in the presence of 50 mg/mL albumin, approximating blood plasma protein content, and did not deteriorate with overnight continuous dialysis, indicating minimal membrane fouling. The dialyzer construction method is compatible with all planar membranes, enabling implementation of tuneable dynamic dialysis for a wide range of on-line microfluidic biomolecular separations.
Cortisol meets GARP: the effect of stress on economic rationality
Authors: Cettolin E. , Dalton P. S. , Kop W. J. , Zhang W. 
Published: September 2019

AbstractRationality is a fundamental pillar of Economics. It is however unclear if this assumption holds when decisions are made under stress. To answer this question, we design two laboratory experiments where we exogenously induce physiological stress in participants and test the consistency of their choices with economic rationality. In both experiments we induce stress with the Cold Pressor test and measure economic rationality by the consistency of participants’ choices with the Generalized Axiom of Revealed Preference (GARP). In the first experiment, participantsdelaythe decision-making task for 20 min until the cortisol level peaks. We find significant differences in cortisol levels between the stressed group and the placebo group which, however, do not affect the consistency of choices with GARP. In a second experiment, we study theimmediateeffect of the stressor on rationality. Overall, results from the second experiment confirm that rationality is not impaired by the stressor. If anything, we observe that compared to the placebo group, participants are more consistent with rationality immediately after the stressor. Our findings provide strong empirical support for the robustness of the economic rationality assumption under physiological stress.
What happens to workplace pension saving when employers are obliged to enrol employees automatically?
Authors: Cribb Jonathan , Emmerson Carl 
Published: September 2019

Abstract
We examine the effect of obliging employers to enrol employees automatically into a workplace pension scheme. We exploit the phased roll-out of automatic enrolment, by employer size, in the first country to do so nationwide (the UK), to estimate its effect on pension saving among private sector employees. We find substantial increases in pension participation and a rise in pension saving. Surprisingly, many newly enrolled employees received an employer contribution substantially above the (very low) minimum default level. Automatic enrolment also caused the pension participation of those employees who were not obliged to be automatically enrolled to more than double.
The Interplay Between Face-to-Face Contact and Feedback on Cooperation During Real-Life Interactions
Authors: Behrens Friederike , Kret Mariska E. 
Published: September 2019

Abstract
Cooperation forms the basis of our society and becomes increasingly essential during times of globalization. However, despite technological developments people still prefer to meet face-to-face, which has been shown to foster cooperation. However, what is still unclear is how this beneficial effect depends on what people know about their interaction partner. To examine this question, 58 dyads played an iterated Prisoner’s Dilemma game, sometimes facing each other, sometimes without face contact. Additionally, explicit feedback regarding their decisions was manipulated between dyads. The results revealed that participants were more cooperative when they saw each other compared to when they could not, and when receiving reliable compared to unreliable or no feedback. Contradicting our hypothesis that participants would rely more on nonverbal communication in the absence of explicit information, we observed that the two sources of information operated independently on cooperative behavior. Interestingly, although individuals mostly relied on explicit information if available, participants still cooperated more after their partner defected with face-to-face contact compared to no face-to-face contact. The results of our study have implications for real-life interactions, suggesting that face-to-face contact has beneficial effects on prosocial behavior even if people cannot verify whether their selfless acts are being reciprocated.
Preparation and characterisation of photocatalytic pigments for architectural mortar based on ultramarine blue
Authors: Aranzabe Estíbaliz , Blanco Miren , Goitandia Amaia M. , Vidal Karmele , Casado María , Cubillo Jose 
Published: September 2019

AbstractArchitectural mortar is used in the building sector when aesthetic surface value is required and therefore, these surfaces present a great potential to be used as a solution for the reduction of atmospheric pollution. In the present work, an inorganic ultramarine blue pigment has been modified to provide the mortars with colour and photocatalytic properties, simultaneously. To modify the pigment, a sol–gel coating based on titanium n-butoxide precursor has been applied on its surface. The influence of different parameters affecting the coating formation, such as the pH and titanium weight content of the sol–gel reactants, has been studied. Moreover, the formation of a coating on the pigment’s surface with several amounts of TiO2anatase nanoparticles has also been explored. A pigment with better photocatalytic properties has been obtained at pH = 12 applying a coating based on titanium n-butoxide precursors (Ti precursor/pigment weight ratio = 0.5) with 2 wt.% of titania anatase nanoparticles, maintaining the original pigment colour. Moreover, mortars with the new pigment present higher flexural strength and similar compressive strengths than non-modified mortars ensuring the applicability of the pigment in the building sector.
Characterization of a Si-SiO2 Mixture Generated from SiO(g) and CO(g)
Authors: Broggi Andrea , Tangstad Merete , Ringdalen Eli 
Published: September 2019

Abstract
The reaction between SiO(g) and CO(g) is a relevant intermediate reaction in the silicon production process. One of the products generated from this gas mixture is called by its color, brown condensate. In this paper, SiO(g) and CO(g) are produced from SiO2-SiC pellets. The reaction between the two gases occurred on SiC particles. Inert gas was injected at different flows. The SiC particles were collected, and the brown condensate deposited on them was characterized by electron probe microanalysis, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, and focused ion beam preparation samples for transmission electron microscope analysis. The brown condensate consists of a mixture of Si spheres embedded in a SiO2 matrix. The compound generates in the temperature range from 1400 °C to 1780 °C (1673 K to 2053 K), and in the SiO(g) partial pressure range between 0.534 and 0.742, depending on the inert gas flow. SiC crystallites are located at the Si-SiO2 interface. Carbides are believed to generate from the reaction between liquid silicon and CO(g). Carbides may also precipitate from reaction between dissolved carbon and liquid silicon, but to a minor extent. Both mechanisms are believed to happen above the melting point of silicon and in the softening range of silica.
Self-Reported Smoking Compared to Serum Cotinine in Bariatric Surgery Patients: Smoking Is Underreported Before the Operation
Authors: Wolvers Paula J. D. , Bruin Sjoerd C. , Mairuhu Willem M. , de Leeuw-Terwijn Monique , Hutten Barbara A. , Brandjes Dees P. M. , Gerdes Victor E. A. 
Published: September 2019

Abstract

Background
Smoking has been associated with postoperative complications and mortality in bariatric surgery. The evidence for smoking is based on self-report and medical charts, which can lead to misclassification and miscalculation of the associations. Determination of cotinine can objectively define nicotine exposure. We determined the accuracy of self-reported smoking compared to cotinine measurement in three phases of the bariatric surgery trajectory.

Methods
Patients in the phase of screening (screening), on the day of surgery (surgery), and more than 18 months after surgery (follow-up) were consecutively selected. Self-reported smoking was registered and serum cotinine was measured. We evaluated the accuracy of self-reported smoking compared to cotinine, and the level of agreement between self-report and cotinine for each phase.

Results
In total, 715 patients were included. In the screening, surgery, and follow-up group, 25.6%, 18.0%, and 15.5%, respectively, was smoking based on cotinine. The sensitivity of self-reported smoking was 72.5%, 31.0%, and 93.5% in the screening, surgery, and follow-up group, respectively (p < 0.001). The specificity of self-report was > 95% in all groups (p < 0.02). The level of agreement between self-report and cotinine was 0.778, 0.414, and 0.855 for the screening, surgery, and follow-up group, respectively.

Conclusions
Underreporting of smoking occurs before bariatric surgery, mainly on the day of surgery. Future studies on effects of smoking and smoking cessation in bariatric surgery should include methods taking into account the issue of underreporting.
Energy transition in Russia
Authors: Mitrova Tatiana , Melnikov Yuriy 
Published: September 2019

Abstract
This article provides an overview of Russian energy policy in the context of the global energy transition. Russia, ranking fourth in the world in primary energy consumption and carbon dioxide emissions, adheres to the strategy of “business as usual” and relies on fossil fuels. Decarbonization of the energy sector is not yet on the horizon: a skeptical attitude towards the problem of global climate change prevails among stakeholders. GDP energy intensity remains high, supported by relatively low energy prices and high cost of capital. The share of solar and wind energy in the energy balance is insignificant and is not expected to exceed 1% by 2040. The challenge for Russia in the coming years is to develop a new strategy for the development of its energy sector, which enters a zone of high turbulence—even in the absence of the influence of the climate change agenda—due to increasing global competition, growing technological isolation, and financial constraints.