bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Laparoscopic left hemihepatectomy is suitable as a first step in pure laparoscopic major hepatectomy
Authors: Hasegawa Yasushi , Nitta Hiroyuki , Takahara Takeshi , Katagiri Hirokatsu , Kanno Shoji , Otsuka Koki , Sasaki Akira 
Published: July 2018

AbstractAimAs a procedure, major laparoscopic liver resection (LLR) remains in the exploration phase. Previous studies have assessed major LLR en bloc, including hepatectomies of varying complexities; however, the number of segments alone does not convey the complexity of a resection. This study aimed to assess operative outcomes of LLR procedures with more than one sectionectomy, and to identify the best procedure as a first step when learning to carry out major LLR in order to make LLR a safer, more widely used procedure.MethodsWe carried out a retrospective review of the operative outcomes of 120 consecutive patients who underwent pure LLR with more than one sectionectomy. Operative outcomes were compared according to the complexity classification recently published, and the learning curve for each LLR procedure was assessed and compared.ResultsOperative outcomes, including operative time, blood loss, and the comprehensive complication index, were significantly stratified according to complexity. There were significant differences in operative outcomes among the medium complexity procedures. The operative time for left hemihepatectomy was the shortest, and the amount of blood loss was the lowest among the medium complexity LLR. Operative times for left hemihepatectomy shortened significantly with time and experience (r = −0.639), and the slope of the learning curve was steeper than for right hemihepatectomy and right posterior sectionectomy.ConclusionLeft hemihepatectomy is suitable as a first step in pure laparoscopic major hepatectomy and, given its safety and rapid learning curve for surgeons, it could become the gold standard procedure.
Chiral Crystal Packing Induces Enhancement of Vibrational Circular Dichroism
Authors: Jähnigen Sascha , Scherrer Arne , Vuilleumier Rodolphe , Sebastiani Daniel 
Published: July 2018

AbstractWe demonstrate that molecular vibrations with originally low or zero intensity in a vibrational circular dichroism (VCD) spectrum attain chirality in molecular crystals by coordinated motion of the atoms. Ab initio molecular dynamics simulations of anharmonic solid‐state VCD spectra of l‐alanine crystals reveal how coherent vibrational modes exploit the space group's chirality, leading to non‐local, enhanced VCD features, most significantly in the carbonyl region of the spectrum. The VCD‐enhanced signal is ascribed to a helical arrangement of the oscillators in the crystal layers. No structural irregularities need to be considered to explain the amplification, but a crucial point lies in the polarization of charge, which requires an accurate description of the electronic structure. Delivering a quantitative atomic conception of supramolecular chirality induction, our ab initio scheme is applicable well beyond molecular crystals, for example, to address VCD in proteins and related compounds.
Vasogenic cerebral edema associated with the disability in activities of daily living in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease
Authors: Wang Xiaochuan , Huang Xuqing , Gao Zhongming , Jiang Haibo , Lu Xiaodong 
Published: July 2018

AbstractIntroductionThe aim of this study was to explore whether patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) develop vasogenic cerebral edema, and whether this edema contributes to the COPD‐related disability.MethodsEighteen stable patients with COPD and 17 matched healthy volunteers were enrolled. Apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC) values were calculated by voxel‐based analysis using DTI‐Studio software based on diffusion tensor imaging. COPD‐related disability was calculated using activities of daily living (ADL) scale.ResultsIn patients with COPD, ADC increased in the white matter fiber tracts including the bilateral anterior cingulum and posterior corpus callosum and in the white matter fibers connecting the bilateral insular cortices, sub‐lobar cortices, and pars triangularis cortices and the left rectus and olfactory gyrus. However, after further controlling for cigarette smoking, the difference in ADC values in the posterior corpus callosum between groups disappeared. Patients with COPD had significantly higher scores in ADL than that in controls. Moreover, ADL scores were positively correlated with the increased regional ADC values.ConclusionVasogenic cerebral edema occurs in patients with COPD. Cigarette smoking may be a risk factor for COPD‐related vasogenic edema. Vasogenic cerebral edema may be related to the COPD‐related ADL impairment.
The place of waste: Changing business value for the circular economy
Authors: Perey Robert , Benn Suzanne , Agarwal Renu , Edwards Melissa 
Published: July 2018

AbstractTraditionally, wasted resources are considered a burden that imposes a cost on organizations. However, ecological sustainability principles underpinning the linked discourses of industrial ecology and the Circular Economy conceptualize waste as intrinsically valuable. Our research identified exemplar business organizations that had each changed their business models to resolve the tension of waste as a burden and/or resource. Synthesizing these cases, we found these organizations applied systems thinking to reframe their product and service offerings and developed material circular flows in their business models. Analysis of how our exemplar organizations changed their business models to tackle pressing sustainability issues and to resolve the burden–resource tension show that the focus of change is on reconceptualizing their understanding of the role of waste in the value chain of their products and services. This altered understanding of waste as a resource across their value networks initiated negotiations with their existing suppliers to also modify their supply chain practices.
CBEN's quality framework: A case study in its application to CBE curriculum quality standards at Walden University
Authors: McIntyre‐Hite Lisa , Cheney Martha , Bever Sandra Weinstein , Mast Linda , Hapka Alexander R. 
Published: July 2018

AbstractWith the development of the Competency‐Based Education Network's Quality Framework for Competency‐Based Education Programs, institutions offering CBE programs have the ability to evaluate the quality of their programs using a common framework. For faculty and instructional designers working to develop CBE programs in particular, an institution‐specific set of quality indicators tailored to its own curriculum structure can help guide development and ensure quality of the curriculum offered to students. This article presents Walden University's curriculum quality indicators used to guide the development of high‐quality CBE curriculum. The indicators are informed by CBEN's Quality framework and may be helpful to other institutions developing CBE programs in an effort to establish, measure, and maintain quality of CBE curriculum.
Subcutaneous implantable defibrillator in dextrocardia secondary to Lobectomy
Authors: Monkhouse Christopher , Koutsogeorgis Ilias , Schilling Richard , Lambiase Pier D. 
Published: July 2018

Key Clinical MessageKnowledge of anatomy is vital preimplant to screen the patient for the subcutaneous implantable defibrillator (S‐ICD), particularly those who have previously had thoracic surgery. X‐ray screening in these patients is highly recommended.
Management of a failed endodontic treatment for a maxillary second molar with two separate palatal roots
Authors: Al Qahtani Ahmed , Abdulrab Saleem , Alhadainy Hatem 
Published: July 2018

Key Clinical MessageComplexity of root canal system and variations in internal anatomy of teeth require careful analysis of preoperative cone beam computed tomography or multiangle radiographs to locate and identify possible extra roots or canals. A fourth canal in upper molars is expected, and much effort should be made when planning the endodontic treatment to avoid missing a canal.
Polymyositis as a manifestation of chronic graft‐versus‐host disease after allo‐HSCT
Authors: Meng Lijuan , Ji Suqiong , Wang Qiong , Bu Bitao 
Published: July 2018

Key Clinical MessagePatients who received allogeneic haematopoietic stem cell transplantation (allo‐HSCT) may develop T cell‐mediated immunologic injury to muscles, recapitulating the characteristics of polymyositis clinically and pahtologically. Polymyositis is a rarely reported complication of graft‐versus‐host disease (GVHD), which often responds well to corticosteroids and immunosuppressive treatment.
Conventional and conservative management of placenta accreta is two ends of a single continuum: A report of three cases and literature review
Authors: Latif Khan Yousaf , Rahim Arooba , Gardezi Javed , Iqbal Mariam , Hassan Zahira , Altaf Sumbal , Bhatti Shahzad 
Published: July 2018

Key Clinical MessagePlacenta accreta (PA) is a critical condition that represents a significant source of morbidity and mortality observed in women with multiple prior cesarean sections. Precise prenatal identification of affected pregnancies permits optimal obstetric management. Antenatal diagnosis leads to less blood loss and a requirement for blood transfusion than women diagnose during cesarean section.
Rupture of hidden abnormal myometrial vessels during cesarean delivery of a patient with subserosal leiomyoma: A possible pathogenesis of sudden‐onset disseminated intravascular coagulation
Authors: Ushijima Junko , Wang Liangcheng , Ko Hiroyoshi , Horiuchi Isao , Chikazawa Kenro , Sasaki Shigetane , Kuwata Tomoyuki , Takagi Kenjiro , Tanaka Akira 
Published: July 2018

Key Clinical MessageWe report a case of sudden‐onset disseminated intravascular coagulation during cesarean delivery for a patient with a subserosal leiomyoma. Rupture of hidden anastomotic vessels resulted in a significant decrease in fibrinogen levels and uncontrolled bleeding. Uterine venous flow disturbance caused by subserosal leiomyoma compression can possibly cause such a situation.
Electrochemical Mix‐Reduction Process of U and U‐Fe Alloys on the Surface of Cathode in LiCl‐KCl‐U3O8 at 773 K
Authors: Jiang Kewei , Liu Qi , Liu Jingyuan , Zhang Hongsen , Chen Rongrong , Yan Yongde , Li Rumin , Song Dalei , Shao Yawei , Wang Jun 
Published: July 2018

AbstractTo acquire production uranium and uranium‐iron alloys, a mix‐reduction of a direct electrochemical reduction and Li co‐deposition with triuranium octaoxide (U3O8) in molten LiCl‐KCl salt was investigated by a sequence of electrochemical experiments using cyclic voltammetry (CV), square wave voltammetry (SWV), open circuit chronopotentiometry (OCP) and chronopotentiometry (CP). The electrochemical curves on molybdenum electrode reveal that the reduction of U3O8 on the surface of cathode is a two‐step process and the reduction potential of U3O8 to UO2 is −1.70 V, and of UO2 to U is −2.45 V. The electrochemical curves on the stainless‐steel electrode, or with FeCl3 additive, demonstrate that different U−Fe alloys are generated as Fe2U and FeU6 at −0.90 V and −1.20 V, respectively. Our study proves the feasibility of mix‐reduction to prepare U metal in LiCl−KCl−U3O8 melts at −2.60 V for 480 min, and only FeU6 alloy forms in LiCl−KCl−U3O8−FeCl3 melts at −2.60 V for 480 min on the molybdenum cathode, respectively. Electrolysate U and FeU6 are proved by XRD, and SEM‐EDS analysis confirms more negative potential −3.20 V for 4 h on 304 stainless steel cathode accelerates the formation of the U−Fe phase with obvious Li co‐deposition.
Back Cover: Bioactive Alkaloids from Indole‐3‐carbinol Exposed Culture of Daldiniaeschscholzii (Chin. J. Chem. 8/2018)
Authors: Lin Li Ping , Tan Ren Xiang 
Published: July 2018

The back cover picture shows Two new and rare bioactive indoles named dalesindoloids A (1) and B (3), along with 3‐(1H‐indole‐3ylmethyl)‐2‐oxindole (2), were characterized from the indole‐3‐carbinol (I3C)‐exposed culture of Daldinia eschscholzii. Dalesindoloids A and B were cytotoxic against the leukemia HL‐60 cell line with the IC50 values of 1.0 and 7.4 mol/L, respectively, with the former being inhibitory on Staphylococcus aureus (MIC: 9.1 μmol/L). The simultaneous characterization of the alkaloids from the I3C‐exposed fungal culture highlighted that the 2,3‐epoxyindoline motif can be transformed into both lactam and indolin‐3‐one moieties. This is the first‐time description of the 2,3‐epoxyindoline chemical versatility and Wagner‐Meerwein rearrangement (WMR) reaction in the microbial culture. More details are discussed in the article by Tan et al. on page 749–753.
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Clearing for Deep Tissue Imaging
Authors: Muntifering Michael , Castranova Daniel , Gibson Gregory A. , Meyer Evan , Kofron Matthew , Watson Alan M. 
Published: July 2018

AbstractBiologic tissues are generally opaque due to optical properties that result in scattering and absorption of light. Preparation of tissues for optical microscopy often involves sectioning to a thickness of 50‐100 µm, the practical limits of light penetration and recovery. A researcher who wishes to image a whole tissue must acquire potentially hundreds of individual sections before rendering them into a three‐dimensional volume. Clearing removes strongly light‐scattering and light‐absorbing components of a tissue and equalizes the refractive index of the imaging medium to that of the tissue. After clearing, the maximum depth of imaging is often defined by the microscope optics rather than the tissue. Such visibility enables the interrogation of whole tissues and even animals without the need to section. Researchers can study a biological process in the context of its three‐dimensional environment, identify rare events in large volumes of tissues, and trace cells and cell‐cell interactions over large distances. This article describes four popular clearing protocols that are relevant to a wide variety of scenarios across biologic disciplines: CUBIC, CLARITY, 3DISCO, and SeeDB. © 2018 by John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
The Effect of Bromo Substituents on the Multifaceted Emissive and Crystal‐Packing Features of Cyclic Triimidazole Derivatives
Authors: Lucenti Elena , Forni Alessandra , Botta Chiara , Carlucci Lucia , Colombo Alessia , Giannini Clelia , Marinotto Daniele , Previtali Andrea , Righetto Stefania , Cariati Elena 
Published: July 2018

AbstractThe understanding of the mechanisms involved in crystal packing effects on the photophysical properties of a molecular entity is fundamental to engineer solid materials for specific applications. In fact, besides rigidification and protection from oxygen quenching, crystal packing influences the emissive properties through specific interactions. In the present work, by a critical comparison among the mono‐ (1Br), di‐ (2Br) and tri‐bromo (3Br) derivatives of triimidazo[1,2‐a : 1′,2′‐c : 1′′,2′′‐e][1,3,5]triazine, the role of their structural features on the multifaceted emission, spanning from dual fluorescence to ultralong phosphorescence, is elucidated. In particular, conformational distortions are found to be responsible for dual fluorescence, halogen‐bonding interactions are at the origin of the long‐lived phosphorescence and π‐π interactions resulting in the formation of columnar or dimeric H‐aggregates induce room‐temperature ultralong phosphorescence.
Population structure of a vector of human diseases: Aedes aegypti in its ancestral range, Africa
Authors: Kotsakiozi Panayiota , Evans Benjamin R. , Gloria‐Soria Andrea , Kamgang Basile , Mayanja Martin , Lutwama Julius , Le Goff Gilbert , Ayala Diego , Paupy Christophe , Badolo Athanase , Pinto Joao , Sousa Carla A. , Troco Arlete D. , Powell Jeffrey R. 
Published: July 2018

AbstractAedes aegypti, the major vector of dengue, yellow fever, chikungunya, and Zika viruses, remains of great medical and public health concern. There is little doubt that the ancestral home of the species is Africa. This mosquito invaded the New World 400‐500 years ago and later, Asia. However, little is known about the genetic structure and history of Ae. aegypti across Africa, as well as the possible origin(s) of the New World invasion. Here, we use ~17,000 genome‐wide single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) to characterize a heretofore undocumented complex picture of this mosquito across its ancestral range in Africa. We find signatures of human‐assisted migrations, connectivity across long distances in sylvan populations, and of local admixture between domestic and sylvan populations. Finally, through a phylogenetic analysis combined with the genetic structure analyses, we suggest West Africa and especially Angola as the source of the New World's invasion, a scenario that fits well with the historic record of 16th‐century slave trade between Africa and Americas.
Microcapsule of Sweet Orange Essential Oil Encapsulated in Beta‐Cyclodextrin Improves the Release Behaviors In Vitro and In Vivo
Authors: Li Dahu , Wu Houjiu , Huang Wei , Guo Li , Dou Huating 
Published: July 2018

To protect sweet orange essential oil (SOEO) from volatilization and oxidation, and also to expand the range of application in physiology or medicine, beta‐cyclodextrin (β‐CD) is employed to develop SOEO microcapsules via an inclusion encapsulation method in this study. An optimal encapsulating condition obtained from response surface methodology (RSM) is an SOEO mass of 5.66 g, an encapsulating time of 3.24 h, and an encapsulating temperature of 53.7 °C, which provides the greatest encapsulation efficiency (EE) of 50.31%. Particle size and scanning electron microscope (SEM) reveal that rhombus, trapezoid, and parallelogram can be found in optimized microcapsule aggregates with a particle size of 1.34 ± 0.58 µm. Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT‐IR) and differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) confirm the encapsulation of SOEO in β‐CD. Furthermore, the release study in vitro suggests that SOEO in microcapsules can be better released in simulated gastric fluid (SGF) than in simulated intestinal fluid, and the study in vivo suggests that, β‐CD might increase the solubility and bioavailability of SOEO. Thus, the microcapsules have potentials to be applied to the biomedical industry.Practical Applications: The optimal encapsulating condition is attained using RSM, and SOEO is capsuled to be a stable form in optimized microcapsules. The active ingredients of SOEO can be exerted fully by microcapsules. The microcapsules have excellent potentials for use as biological or pharmaceutical products.In this study, microcapsules of SOEO are developed using RSM. The physical and chemical characterizations of SOEO microcapsules are analyzed. The release behaviors in vitro and in vivo are also researched. Though these works, the microcapsules increase the solubility and bioavailability of SOEO, which has potentials for application in the biomedical industry.
Oil Uptake by Potato Chips or French Fries: A Review
Authors: Arslan Muhammad , Xiaobo Zou , Shi Jiyong , Rakha Allah , Hu Xuetao , Zareef Muhammad , Zhai Xiaodong , Basheer Sajid 
Published: July 2018

The increase in obesity and fat‐related diseases pose a major health issue especially in developed countries. Over the past years, consumer demand for low‐fat potato chips and French fries has stimulated the scientific work on the issue of fat uptake during frying. The main objective of this review article is to summarize the latest efforts to reduce the oil absorption without deteriorating the organoleptic characteristics, precisely explain the mechanism, frying medium quality, and selection, different parameters involved in oil absorption and to address problems of the potato chips industry. Major oil uptake reduction techniques described in literature are use of different frying methods, coating with a hydrocolloid and use of pretreatments before frying process.Practical Application: High oil uptake in fried food is a cause of concern and people are getting health conscious day by day. So, this review article may help the potato chips industry to produce potato chips with low oil content. Furthermore, it will serve as a guidance document for industry to save some of the costs incurred in purchase of frying oil, which tend to be an expensive commodity.The relationship between frying and health risks emphasized the need to work on oil uptake reduction strategies. This review article provides a guidance for consumer and potato products industries about various oil uptake mechanisms, frying medium selection criteria, lowering strategies for oil absorption, and addresses various issues related to the potato chips industry.
Utilization of potato peel as eco‐friendly products: A review
Authors: Gebrechristos Haftom Yemane , Chen Weihua 
Published: July 2018

AbstractAn eco‐friendly product has been the primary agenda of twenty‐first century of the global scientists. One of the main focuses is by‐product recycling of food processing industries. It has been long time since food industry byproduct converted into energy and value added products. Potato processing is newly emerging food processing factories in developing countries, and potato is the fourth important crop globally. A dramatic food demand increment had shown in the past two decades. This leads to increase the number of food processing industries. Nowadays, food processing industries particularly processed potato manufactures are expanding and generate a huge volume of potato peel. This by‐product causes environmental pollution due to decomposition. However, food byproducts like potato peel have essential organic matter. So this review introduces the potential use of potato peel as food preservative, pharmaceutical ingredient, renewable energy, and animal feed to promote eco‐friendly food industries.
Targeting mitochondria by anthelmintic drug atovaquone sensitizes renal cell carcinoma to chemotherapy and immunotherapy
Authors: Chen Dehong , Sun Xiaosong , Zhang Xuejun , Cao Jun 
Published: July 2018

AbstractTargeting mitochondria respiration is an effective therapeutic strategy in renal cell carcinoma (RCC). Atovaquone is a FDA‐approved antibiotic but is also known as a mitochondrial inhibitor. We found that atovaquone inhibited proliferation and induced apoptosis of RCC cells. Mechanistically, atovaquone inhibits mitochondrial respiration in a concentration‐dependent and time‐dependent manner, via targeting mitochondrial respiratory complex III. Although increased glycolysis was observed in atovaquone‐treated cells, atovaquone decreased ATP levels. As a consequence of mitochondrial respiration inhibition, reactive oxygen species levels were increased by atovaquone. The complete rescue of atovaquone's effects by an antioxidant suggests the important role of oxidative stress in the action of atovaquone in RCC. Importantly, atovaquone enhanced the in vitro and in vivo efficacy of 5‐fluorouracil (5‐FU) and interferon‐α (IFN‐α). Our preclinical findings suggest that atovaquone is a useful addition for RCC treatment. Our work also further demonstrates that RCC is more dependent on mitochondrial respiration than glycolysis.