bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Thermo-Acid pretreatment of starch based kitchen waste for ethanol production
Authors: M. Vučurović Vesna , N. Razmovski Radojka , D. Miljić Uroš , S. Puškaš Vladimir , M. Ačanski Marijana , A. Pastor Kristian 
Published: May 2018

Recently, research on the alcoholic fermentation of kitchen waste has been accelerating for both ecological and economical reasons, primarily for ethanol use as renewable biofuel. Present work deals with the fermentative production of ethanol from different starch based kitchen waste. Kitchen waste from local students restaurant was separated by basic component as: peas, green beans, beans, rice, potato, wheat bread and corn. Thermo-acidic pretreatment of these raw materials was conducted by the addition of HCl up to pH of 1, and by autoclaving at 120 oC for 30 min. From the experimental result, maximum ethanol yield was obtained from wheat bread (0.11 g/g). The highest ethanol yield per starch of 0.36 g/g, which equals to 64% of the theoretical value, was obtained for peas. From the overall analysis, the examined thermo-acid pretreatment was the most efficient for hydrolysis of wheat bread, while it was least efficient for green beans. In order to enhance the efficiency of conversion of starch from kitchen waste into ethanol, pH lower than 1 is highly recommended. The results demonstrated the potential of different food waste as a promising biomass resource for the production of ethanol.
Antimicrobial Effects of the Stinging Nettle (Urtica Dioica L.).
Authors: Kőszegi Kornélia , Bekassy-Molnar Erika , Kocsis Joseph Michael , Vatai Gyula 
Published: May 2018

Nowadays increasing attention is being paid to herbs, one of the reasons is to avoid the undesirable side effects of synthetic drugs. This is the reason why the analysis of the antimicrobial activities of medicinal plants are increasingly in the focus of scientific experiments as well. One of the best-known medicinal plants is nettle. Among the nettle species in Hungary, Stinging nettle (Urtica dioica L.) can be found in the country and is most commonly utilised for medical purposes, with a focus on its leaves and roots. Nettle tea consumption is widespread in folk medicine for treating diabetes, allergies, abdominal pain, benign prostatic hyperplasia, rheumatoid arthritis and treatment of infections.
This study gives a widespread summary of the reseach results about the antimicrobal impact of Stinging Nettle (Urtica dioica L.) in the scientific literature. The papers documented a positive effect of nettle for more than 30 Gram positive and Gram negative bacterias, yeasts and fungis.
The effectiveness of manual and powered toothbrushes
Authors: Berezowski Michał , Szalewski Leszek , Włoch Krzysztof , Szymańska Jolanta 
Published: May 2018

AbstractProper oral hygiene is a basis for preventing dental caries and periodontal diseases. The most popular method of mechanical plaque removal is brushing teeth using manual and powered toothbrushes. The review of literature shows that removal of dental calculus using the powered toothbrushes is more effective, what is supported by greater reduction of plaque and symptoms characteristic for soft tissue inflammation. It needs to be underlined that the effectiveness of tooth brushing, regardless of the kind of toothbrush, to a great extent depends on the frequency and technique of brushing, on the time devoted to this hygienic procedure, and on the type of toothbrush bristles.
Traditional Chinese medicine and Ayurvedic medicine products: a possible cause for concern – the Polish perspective
Authors: Czepielewska Edyta , Szpakiewicz Magdalena , Kozłowska-Wojciechowska Małgorzata 
Published: May 2018

Abstract

Introduction. The demand for Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM) and Ayurveda have been increasing and there is great potential for complementary medicine development nowadays. However, there are some safety concerns in relation to these products and they hardly ever meet the European Union (EU) requirements for medicines. Moreover, there is no EU-wide legislation governing the regulation of complementary medicine practitioners.

Aim. This study aimed to evaluate health risks of the Polish, as part of the European, society associated with the use of TCM and Ayurvedic products.

Material and methods. The number of web pages related to TCM and Ayurveda was assessed using popular Internet search engine Google. A questionnaire consisting of 8 close-ended questions was sent to the Polish pharmaceutical and sanitary structures. Chief Sanitary Inspectorate (CSI) in Poland, as well as EU Rapid Alert System for Food and Feed (RASFF) databases, were analysed.

Results. There are thousands of web pages offering TCM and Ayurvedic medicines on the Internet. However, only a few such products are registered for the Polish market, thus only a few are supervised. Between 2007 (Jan) and 2018 (Feb) only 0.8% and 0.4% of all food supplement notifications in Poland were related to products from China and India, respectively. Not supervised illegal TCM and Ayurvedic medicines are in 90% adulterated with undeclared substances.

Conclusions. TCM and Ayurvedic product irregularities may pose serious health risks to Polish consumers.
Tumor Necrosis Factor-Alpha as Differential Diagnostic Marker for Patients with Fever of Unknown Origin
Authors: Popovska-Jovicic Biljana , Rakovic Ivana , Petrovic Sara , Canovic Petar , Petrovic Dejan , Sekulic Sofija , Jovanovic Ivan , Jovicic Nemanja 
Published: May 2018

Abstract
Febrile conditions of unidentified origin are still unknown in modern medicine despite the development of diagnostic procedures. There are various agents of long-term temperature encompassing numerous infectious or non-infectious diseases.
The aim of this study was to determine if there was a statistically significant difference in the values of proinflammatory cytokines (IL-1, TNFα, IL-6) in patients who meet the criteria for febrile conditions of unidentified origin, between the group of infectious, malignant, rheumatic, “other” diseases and undiagnosed patients.
The study was conducted in the Immunology laboratory of the Center for Molecular Medicine and Stem Cells Research of the Faculty of Medical Sciences in Kragujevac. Blood samples were taken from patients tested at the Clinic for Infectious Diseases, of the Clinical Center of Kragujevac, in the period from 2014 to 2016. The study included 70 patients.
The measured values of the level of TNFα showed significantly higher values in a group of malignant diseases than in the group of infectious diseases, while the values of IL-1 and IL-6 did not show statistical significance.
TNFα can improve diagnosing in case of patients with an unknown febrile condition, which can shorten the length of the hospital stay and reduce the volume of performance of diagnostic procedures.
Relationships Between Body Mass Index and Static and Dynamic Balance in Active and Inactive Older Adults
Authors: Cancela Carral José M. , Ayán Carlos , Sturzinger Lea , Gonzalez Gema 
Published: May 2018

Background and Purpose:
Although the association between higher body mass index and poorer balance has been observed in older adults, the role of physical activity in this relationship is not well established. This study aimed to provide scientific evidence about the relationship between body mass index and balance, taking into account the amount of physical activity performed as a confounding variable.

Methods:
We collated cross-sectional data from 160 community-dwelling older adults whom we divided into 3 body mass index categories: normal weight (≥18.50-24.99 kg/m2), overweight (25.00-29.99 kg/m2), and obese (≥30.00-34.99 kg/m2). We classified the participants as inactive or active by means of the Yale Physical Activity Questionnaire. We carried out static and dynamic balance measurements by means of a force platform and through the performance of the Timed Up and Go test, respectively.

Results:
We found statistically significant correlations between static balance, dynamic balance, and body mass index in inactive normal (r = 0.280; P = .035; r = 0.300; P = .031) and inactive overweight (r = 0.395; P = .025; r = 0.339; P = .023) people. We observed moderately strong and fair significant correlations between static/dynamic balance and BMI in inactive (r = .603; P = .028; and r = 0.720; P = .020) and active (r = 0.406; P = .037; and r = 0.378; P = .037) obese people, respectively.

Conclusion:
We conclude that the amount of physical activity performed is a potential contributing factor affecting the association between body mass index and balance in older persons. These findings could be of importance when identifying the main factors that influence postural control among older adults with obesity.
Optimizing Squat Technique—Revisited
Authors: Comfort Paul , McMahon John J. , Suchomel Timothy J. 
Published: May 2018

ABSTRACTTHE BACK SQUAT IS THE CORNERSTONE OF MANY STRENGTH AND CONDITIONING PROGRAMS, WITH INCREASES IN BACK SQUAT STRENGTH ASSOCIATED WITH IMPROVEMENTS IN ATHLETIC PERFORMANCE. A VARIETY OF BACK SQUAT TECHNIQUES HAVE BEEN DESCRIBED THROUGHOUT THE LITERATURE AND CAN BE OBSERVED ON SOCIAL MEDIA AND IN STRENGTH AND CONDITIONING FACILITIES, WITH NO CURRENT CONSENSUS REGARDING OPTIMAL TECHNIQUE. BASED ON CURRENTLY AVAILABLE EVIDENCE, A FULL DEPTH SQUAT, WITH A NATURAL FOOT POSITION, APPROXIMATELY SHOULDER-WIDTH APART, WITH UNRESTRICTED ANTERIOR MOVEMENT OF THE KNEES, AN UPRIGHT TRUNK, WITH A FORWARD AND UPWARD GAZE IS RECOMMENDED. THESE RECOMMENDATIONS SHOULD PERMIT INDIVIDUALIZATION BASED ON INDIVIDUAL ANTHROPOMETRICS. FOR A VIDEO ABSTRACT OF THIS ARTICLE, SEE SUPPLEMENTAL DIGITAL CONTENT 1 SEE VIDEO, HTTP://LINKS.LWW.COM/SCJ/A241.
Nanolubrication Mechanisms: Influence of Size and Concentration of CuO Nanoparticles
Authors: Alves Salete Martins , Silva e Mello Valdicleide , Sinatora Amilton 
Published: May 2018

Abstract
In nanolubrication, friction-reduction and anti-wear behaviors are dependent on the characteristics of nanoparticles, such as size, shape, and concentration. Some mechanisms of friction-reduction and anti-wear of NNP in lubricant have been reported as protective film, rolling effect, polishing or smoothing effect, mending effect, and the third body. Thus, this work studied differences in nanolubrication mechanism as functions of size and concentration of CuO NNP added in synthetic oil. Three levels of concentration and size were evaluated: 0.1, 0.25, and 0.5 % wt., and 2.5, 4.4, and 8.7 nm, respectively. The methodology was divided into three steps: first, the preparation of CuO NNP from an alcohol-thermal method. These were characterized by XRD (X-ray diffraction) and TEM (Transmission electron microscopy). The second part was constituted by evaluation of lubricant with NNP by a tribological test, which was carried out under boundary lubrication conditions in high frequency reciprocating rig (HFRR) equipment. The last step was the characterization of the wear mechanism; scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and Raman spectroscopy aided to identify tribochemistry interactions between nanolubricant and steel surface. The results showed that the concentration of NNP influenced wear: low concentration decreased the wear and promoted a smooth surface, while more plastic deformation was observed in high concentration. For the NNP size, the smallest size corresponded to the lowest friction coefficient. The best results were obtained for nanolubricant with a concentration of 0.1 % wt. and a NNP size of 2.5 nm.
Fetal over- and undernutrition differentially program thyroid axis adaptability in adult sheep
Authors: Johnsen L , Lyckegaard N B , Khanal P , Quistorff B , Raun K , Nielsen M O 
Published: May 2018

Objective
We aimed to test, whether fetal under- or overnutrition differentially program the thyroid axis with lasting effects on energy metabolism, and if early-life postnatal overnutrition modulates implications of prenatal programming.

Design
Twin-pregnant sheep (n = 36) were either adequately (NORM), under- (LOW; 50% of NORM) or overnourished (HIGH; 150% of energy and 110% of protein requirements) in the last-trimester of gestation. From 3 days-of-age to 6 months-of-age, twin lambs received a conventional (CONV) or an obesogenic, high-carbohydrate high-fat (HCHF) diet. Subgroups were slaughtered at 6-months-of-age. Remaining lambs were fed a low-fat diet until 2½ years-of-age (adulthood).

Methods
Serum hormone levels were determined at 6 months- and 2½ years-of-age. At 2½ years-of-age, feed intake capacity (intake over 4-h following 72-h fasting) was determined, and an intravenous thyroxine tolerance test (iTTT) was performed, including measurements of heart rate, rectal temperature and energy expenditure (EE).

Results
In the iTTT, the LOW and nutritionally mismatched NORM:HCHF and HIGH:CONV sheep increased serum T3, T3:T4 and T3:TSH less than NORM:CONV, whereas TSH was decreased less in HIGH, NORM:HCHF and LOW:HCHF. Early postnatal exposure to the HCHF diet decreased basal adult EE in NORM and HIGH, but not LOW, and increased adult feed intake capacity in NORM and LOW, but not HIGH.
Conclusions: The iTTT revealed a differential programming of central and peripheral HPT axis function in response to late fetal malnutrition and an early postnatal obesogenic diet, with long-term implications for adult HPT axis adaptability and associated consequences for adiposity risk.
"Mujeres de las fronteras. Subjetividad, migración y trabajo doméstico". Roxana Hidalgo Xirinach. Costa Rica: EUCR, 2016
Authors: Sagot Montserrat 
Published: May 2018

El libro de Roxana Hidalgo Xirinachs, Mujeres de las fronteras. Subjetividad, migración y trabajo doméstico, es elaborado a partir de las historias de vida de un grupo de mujeres nicaragüenses que se desplazaron a Costa Rica durante las últimas dos décadas y que se han desempeñado como trabajadoras domésticas. En el texto, Roxana Hidalgo no solo se acerca a las experiencias subjetivas de estas mujeres en el contexto actual de la globalización neoliberal, sino que también ahonda en las características específicas de las cadenas transnacionales de cuidados entre Nicaragua y Costa Rica.
Educação integral e de qualidade: no renovar das experiências, a busca de novos caminhos.
Authors: Haygertt Rosa Beatriz Oliveira , Titton Maria Beatriz Pauperio 
Published: May 2018

Esta pesquisa analisa as mudanças ocorridas na qualidade de ensino da escola Municipal de Ensino Fundamental Major Antônio de Alencar, da cidade de Osório/ RS, através da implantação do projeto Escola de Turno Integral. Realizou-se uma pesquisa bibliográfica sobre o contexto histórico e as concepções de Educação Integral no Brasil e através da pesquisa qualitativa com referências nas obras de Godoy (1995), Brandão (2000) e Ludke & André (2003). Os fenômenos foram estudados a partir da participação ativa do pesquisador no contexto da escola, sob a perspectiva da pesquisa Qualitativa. A escola analisada faz parte do projeto Programa Mais Educação do Governo Federal que prevê a oferta de educação integral.O debate sobre o ensino em período integral tem sido constante no contexto nacional de políticas públicas. Por isso, a pesquisa ajuda-nos a compreender melhor estes fenômenos.
Zaangażowanie w pracę w perspektywie psychologii pozytywnej
Authors: Makowski Mariusz 
Published: May 2018

Job involvement, understood as one form of commitment – alongside organisational commitment, professional commitment and supervision – is the one most linked with a person’s behaviour. It results from individual characteristics (attitudes, motivation) determinants as well as social-system factors (management style, organisational culture, well-being). Developing this type of commitment in reference to the concept of positive psychology makes not only tangible assets easily calculated in business, but generates intangible assets that may help raise employee well-being and happiness. Positive psychology, at the beginning of the century described the specifics of the states of optimal experience (“flow”) in which people act at the limits of their capabilities, reaching out with their most specialised resources and, in turn, gaining significant gratification as a result of the mere act of “high turnover”. The article develops the following theses: job commiment correlates positively not only with the quality of work but also with personal well-being (happiness), job commitment may be conceptualised by state of optimal experience (absorption), in the organisational perspective it should be essential to promote the achievement of “flow” experiences by employees as well as to identify and use their signature strengths.
R^2 de Bir n-li Eğri Ailesinin Afin Diferansiyel İnvaryantları
Authors: GÖZÜTOK Uğur , SAĞIROĞLU Yasemin 
Published: May 2018

Bu çalışmada tane eğrinin üreteç diferansiyel invaryantları
belirlenmiş olup, bu üreteç kümesinin fonksiyonel bağımsız olduğu
gösterilmiştir. Ayrıca bu diferansiyel invaryantlar kullanılarak de iki tane li
eğri ailesinin denklik problemi araştırılmıştır.
Role of Ag and tannin modification on photocatalytic and antibacterial properties of ZnO nanoplates
Authors: Güy Nuray , Çakar Soner , Atacan Keziban 
Published: May 2018

This study represents the removal of malachite
green (MG) from aqueous solution using ZnO,
Ag/ZnO, ZnO/tannin and Ag/ZnO/tannin. The products were synthesized by microwave-hydrothermal and
borohydride reduction method and they were characterized by optical,
structural, morphological, antibacterial and photocatalytic features. Additionally, the antibacterial studies of the
prepared products were examined against Escherichia coli (E. Coli), Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus)
and Candida by the well diffusion method. Among the products, Ag/ZnO exhibits the highest photocatalytic activity.
The photodegradation efficiency of 98.68% was recorded for Ag/ZnO after 30 min.
Moreover, improved antibacterial activity of Ag/ZnO/tannin against E. Coli, S. aureus and Candida is observed. And it was found that Ag/ZnO/tannin had
more excellent antibacterial activity compared to others. It has been found
that the prepared products can be used in potential applications such decompose
of dye pollutants and destruction of pathogen bacteria and fungi.
Psychrophiles: Ecological significance and potential industrial application
Authors: Hamdan Amira 
Published: May 2018

The bulk of earth’s biosphere is cold (5 °C) that sustains a broad diversity of microbial life by triggering physiological response(s) to ensure survival in cold and frozen ecosystems. The strategy of adaptation to cold environments includes changes in membrane composition and induction of a set of specific cold-active proteins, polyunsaturated lipids and exopolysaccharides. These adaptive features provide an enormous natural reservoir of enzymes that function effectively in cold environments, and these coldactive enzymes have been targeted for innovative applications useful to humankind. This review provides an overview of the existence, distribution and adaptation strategies of psychrophilic microorganisms worldwide with great emphasis on their recently emerged industrial applications in the textile industry, food and dairy industry, brewing and wine industry, laundry detergent industry, and others. The bulk of earth’s biosphere is cold 5 °C that sustains a broad diversity of microbial life by triggering physiological response(s) to ensure survival in cold and frozen ecosystems. The strategy of adaptation to cold environments includes changes in membrane composition and induction of a set of specific cold-active proteins, polyunsaturated lipids and exopolysaccharides. These adaptive features provide an enormous natural reservoir of enzymes that function effectively in cold environments, and these coldactive enzymes have been targeted for innovative applications useful to humankind. This review provides an overview of the existence, distribution and adaptation strategies of psychrophilic microorganisms worldwide with great emphasis on their recently emerged industrial applications in the textile industry, food and dairy industry, brewing and wine industry, laundry detergent industry, and others.
Significance:

The outcome of these studies may also help in the exploration of the possibility of life in distant frozen planets.
MEN AND SPORT SOCIALIZATION TO MASCULINITY
Authors: Modzelewska Olga 
Published: May 2018

Socialization as a long-life process is an extremely important element of every human's life. From a early years every child is taught the right behaviour in the social space. One of the areas in which we are socialized are the behaviours and the roles of each gender. Little girls are taught behaviours based on empathy and care while boys are guided towards diverse physical activities. Sport then becomes a space where boy learns behaviours that are considered by the society to be proper for the men. Features described as "typically male" which boys learn while doing sports include domination, aggression or competition. Learned desire to dominate in this space is one of the determinants of Pierre Bourdieu's habitus of men. Domination structures are also the product of endless reproduction processes which results in the duplication of behaviour patterns including in the case of gender roles. Men and women are the main victims and prisoners of contemporary dominant cultural ideas. Not only the fact of doing sports is perceived as an appropriate socialization for masculinity but also being a fan is an area of "proper gender socialization". Sport as a space of manifestation by men of their strength and courage is also an exemplification of the hegemonic masculinity presented by Raewyn Connell.
COGNITIVE-BEHAVIORAL APPROACH AND THE ROLE OF PHYSICAL ACTIVITY IN THE TREATMENT OF MUSCULOSKELETAL PAIN IN ATHLETES
Authors: Ortenburger Dorota Elżbieta , Wąsik Jacek 
Published: May 2018

The importance of a cognitive-behavioral approach is richly documented in world scientific literature. In the light of the current knowledge about the determinants of pain treatment, the significance of psychological factors for the course and effects of analgesic therapy becomes more comprehensible. Many psychological processes have an influence on both the experience of pain and the treatment outcome. The factors like cognitive interpretation of pain, level of activity and emotional states of musculoskeletal pain sufferers are very important.The research referred to in this work makes a part of a long-term research programme the subsequent stages of which are analysed based on the literature of the subject that can assist in interpreting the new findings within dependencies between psychological factors and functioning in the case of the persons who cope with pain. Integration of psychological findings about attitude to pain into physical therapy treatment would seem to have potential to enhance outcomes. In this work we are presenting the problem in a context i.e. in the context of a role of cognitive-behavioral approach approach. The purpose of the article is to present the role of cognitive-behavioral approach in the field of applications that aim at supporting people who are involved in sport activity and cope with musculoskeletal pain-related ailments.