bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Environmental awareness and sustainable behaviors of healthcare professionals: validation of the Healthcare Environmental Awareness Tool (HEAT)
Authors: Olivieri Romina Patricia. , Álvarez-Nieto Carmen , López-Medina Isabel María 
Published: November 2024

Abstract

Background Climate change poses a significant challenge to public health, requiring healthcare personnel to recognize their responsibility and adopt environmentally responsible behaviors. The aim of this study was to conduct a cultural adaptation and psychometric validation of the Healthcare Environmental Awareness Tool (HEAT) to assess the level of environmental awareness, sustainable behaviors, and their relationship to healthcare professionals' health in Spain.Methods A cross-sectional observational study was conducted to translate, adapt, and validate the HEAT questionnaire for the Spanish context. The sample comprised 450 healthcare professionals from 9 Spanish hospitals. The HEAT questionnaire was validated using item response theory, specifically through the polytomous Rasch model. It is organized into three main scales: HAS (Healthcare Awareness Scale), HPEB (Healthcare Professional Ecological Behavior Scale), and PEB (Personal Ecological Behavior Scale). Each scale includes two dimensions per item derived from paired questions. The first dimension addresses the specific topic of the scale, while the second focuses on the respondent’s belief about how environmental impacts affect human health.Results The HEAT questionnaire, initially comprising 62 items, was refined to a final version of 50 items. This version demonstrated robust reliability and validity, with satisfactory fit for both items and persons. Reliability indices were: HAS-1 (0.76 for persons, 0.98 for items), HAS-2 (0.82, 0.96), HPEB-1 (0.77, 0.99), HPEB-2 (0.79, 0.94), PEB-1 (0.83, 0.99), and PEB-2 (0.87, 0.97). Internal consistency, measured using Cronbach’s α and McDonald’s ω, yielded strong results: HAS-1 (0.79), HAS-2 (0.90), HPEB-1 (0.75), HPEB-2 (0.87), PEB-1 (0.81), and PEB-2 (0.92). No significant group differences were observed, confirming the instrument’s fairness in differential item analysis.Conclusions The HEAT questionnaire is a useful and accurate tool for measuring environmental awareness, sustainable behaviors, and perceived health impacts among healthcare professionals.
Transient protein structure guides surface diffusion pathways for electron transport in membrane supercomplexes
Authors: Singharoy Abhishek 
Published: November 2024

Abstract

The biological significance of protein supercomplexes have remained contentious, particularly how they tune the shuttling of charge-carrier redox proteins across cell membranes during biological energy conversion. We employ multiscale modeling and single particle cryo-electron microscopy (cryo-EM) to determine the mechanisms of diffusive electron transfer in mitochondrial supercomplexes, composed of respiratory complexes III and IV (CIII and CIV). Using a combination of bioinformatic and entropy maximization tools, we model an ensemble of structures representing the conformational space of CIII’s disordered QCR6 ‘hinge’ within the yeast CIII2CIV2 supercomplex. Molecular and Brownian Dynamics simulations of the entire supercomplex reveal a mechanism for electrostatic coupling between these negatively charged hinge conformations, and binding and directional diffusion of the redox proteins on the mitochondrial membrane, which is simulated over the millisecond timescale. We find that the disorder actually reduces the diffusive barrier to charge shuttling within the confined supercomplex. Anionic lipids reinforce this conformationally-coupled recognition of the supercomplex by retaining a pool of the redox proteins in the vicinity of the membrane when the hinges are of a critical length. Cryo-EM models reveal a large-scale rearrangement of the Δ QCR6 supercomplex, which retains a surprisingly robust electrostatic environment for recognition of the redox protein despite compromise in the supercomplex’s negative charge, still enabling a surface-mediated electron transfer in this CIII2CIV2 variant. Altogether, the evolutionary need of confining electron carriers on the surface of bioenergetic membranes is found to give rise to a refolding-guided diffusion model of the redox proteins, which improves the energy conversion efficiency within the supercomplex by nearly 30%.
From Technology Management to Strategic Technology Management – An Asian success story
Authors: SIKANDER ARIF 
Published: November 2024

Abstract

While the environmental costs of economic success are becoming increasingly obvious, economic success remains a preoccupation for all firms and for the governments in whose countries firms conduct business. For those who manage firms, the crucial questions concern the reproduction of success achieved, by either like firms or by those in different industrial sectors. For those in government, the crucial questions concern the promotion or facilitation of success amongst all firms that operate in their country. One success story is that of the electronics and electrical industry in Malaysia. A survey instrument, developed from Strategic Technology Management (STM) literature, was administered to the Chief Executive Officers and senior management in these high-tech firms. The results were analyzed to identify technology strategy (TS) and technology management (TM) attributes within this industry at that time. The results demonstrated that key positioning and strategic R&D were positively correlated to the successful performance of firms, while technology leadership, up-to-date plants and facilities, technology consciousness, formal planning, and external technology acquisition were not. This has profound implications in terms of selecting and applying appropriate TS and for attempts to facilitate economic success. This research contributes empirical support to the field of STM research by developing a new model and strategies relevant to the Asian economy.
Economic Impact of the Common Market for Eastern and Southern Africa (COMESA) on Member and Non-Member Countries: A Structural Gravity Analysis
Authors: Mengistu Simachew 
Published: November 2024

Abstract

This study uses a general equilibrium Poisson pseudo-maximum likelihood (GEPPML) estimator to evaluate the economic impact of COMESA on its member and non-member countries. By analyzing cross-sectional data from 2018, the study evaluates the economic impacts of COMESA, specifically on total exports and real GDP growth of countries. The results confirm that COMESA positively influences both total exports and real GDP growth within member countries. It led to an average increase in real GDP by 0.406% and total exports by 0.185% for member states within the full endowment's general equilibrium effects. Globally, the impact is minimal, though some non-member countries experience a slight loss due to trade diversion. These findings highlight the critical role of regional trade agreements like COMESA in enhancing total exports and welfare among member countries while also acknowledging potential adverse effects on non-member countries. This study provides key insights for policymakers to strengthen regional integration by considering its consequences for non-member countries.
Challenges of Palliative Care in Psychiatric Nursing: Perceptions from Erada and Mental Health Complex
Authors: Alhawsawi Afrah Mousa , Qesti Shahad Noman , Asiri Lamis Ahmad , Barnawi Zahrah Baker , Alamri Ibtisam Abdulaziz , Hawsawi Nafeesa Abdulelah 
Published: November 2024

Abstract

Background: Palliative care is a critical component of healthcare, aimed at improving the quality of life for patients with serious illnesses by addressing their physical, emotional, and spiritual needs. In psychiatric nursing, palliative care presents unique challenges that require specialized approaches. This study explores these challenges from the perspectives of healthcare professionals at the Erada and Mental Health Complex.
Methods: This study employed a cross-sectional quantitative research design to investigate the challenges faced by psychiatric nurses in providing palliative care at the Erada and Mental Health Complex. Data were collected using structured questionnaires distributed to a representative sample of 169 psychiatric nurses. The questionnaire included sections on personal demographics, challenges at different levels (hospital, personal, home/hospice), and strategies adopted to mitigate these challenges. Statistical analyses were performed using SPSS (v. 21, IBM Corp.) to identify significant patterns and correlations within the data.
Results:The socio-demographic characteristics of the participants showed a diverse group in terms of age, gender, and experience. Significant challenges at the hospital level included limited psychiatric services (59.17%) and restricted access to allied health professionals (47.34%). Personal-level challenges were dominated by fears of infection transmission (56.21%) and commuting difficulties (53.25%). Challenges in home and hospice-based services included limited NGO services (47.34%) and reduced facility admissions (38.46%). Strategies to mitigate these challenges included the implementation of triage systems (65.09%), telemedicine (62.13%), educational sessions for staff (59.17%), and stockpiling necessary medications and equipment (71.01%).
Conclusion: Addressing the challenges of palliative care in psychiatric nursing requires comprehensive strategies, including improved access to allied health professionals, robust telemedicine infrastructure, continuous professional development, and adequate resource allocation. Effective mitigation of these challenges demands sustained institutional support, national policy initiatives, and global awareness to ensure high-quality palliative care in psychiatric settings.
Modeling Female Education Attendance in Somalia: A Comparative Logistic Regression Study Using SHDS 2020 Data
Authors: Alin Abdirahman Osman Osman 
Published: November 2024

Abstract

This study investigates the factors influencing girls’ school attendance in Somalia, utilizing data from the Somali Health and Demographic Survey (SHDS) 2020. The dataset includes 18,527 responses, with only 16.21% of individuals reporting school attendance, highlighting significant barriers to education, particularly for girls. Geographically, Banadir reports the highest school attendance rate (22.15%), while regions such as Middle Shabelle (7.44%) and Bakool (8.95%) have significantly lower rates. Urban residents exhibit better access to education (17.29%) compared to rural (14.82%) and nomadic populations (16.09%). Age also plays a key role, with higher attendance among younger age groups, particularly those aged 15–19 (23.55%) and 20–24 (23.09%), while older groups show significantly lower attendance rates.
Socioeconomic factors, particularly wealth, demonstrate strong associations with school attendance. Individuals in the top wealth quintile have a 40.25% school attendance rate, compared to just 2.85% in the lowest quintile. Surprisingly, household energy access, the gender of the household head, and household size show no significant associations with school attendance. The study identifies wealth, regional location, housing type, and age as critical determinants of school attendance, while variables such as household energy access and gender of household members are less impactful.
Methods: the authors used Secondary data from Somali Demographic and Health Survey (SDHS, 2020). The survey focused on women between the ages of 15 and 49. 18,527 out of 21,218 survey participants were analyzed. The application of logistic regression was then performed to determine if the predictors had a extensive association with female education attendance in Somalia
These findings underscore the pressing need for targeted interventions to address regional, economic, and lifestyle disparities in education. Investments in infrastructure, policies promoting equitable access, and programs aimed at empowering girls in education are essential for overcoming these barriers and improving educational outcomes in Somalia.
Temporal complexity of terrestrial ecosystem functioning and its drivers
Authors: Fernandez-Martinez Marcos , Janssens Ivan , Obersteiner Michael , Manning Peter , Andrade Filipe , Rodríguez-Penedo Eladio , Peñuelas Josep 
Published: November 2024

Abstract

The development of non-linear dynamics showed that simple processes can lead to high complexity in the functioning of nature, and recent studies show that non-linear dynamics are common across populations of different taxa. However, whether the energy and matter fluxes of entire ecosystems follow non-linear dynamics, and how complex these dynamics are, is still unknown. We investigated the drivers of- and trends in the temporal complexity of ecosystem functioning by calculating the correlation dimension of gross primary production (GPP), ecosystem respiration (Re), and net ecosystem production (NEP). We used long-term, eddy-covariance C fluxes from 57 terrestrial ecosystems, including boreal, temperate, and Mediterranean biomes. Ecosystems with higher temporal complexity generally exhibited lower interannual variability and seasonality. Causal analyses indicated that larger C fluxes generally cause higher temporal complexity, and larger and temporally complex C fluxes reduce interannual variability, suggesting higher resistance to perturbations. We found a positive trend in GPP complexity over time, which correlates with increasing GPP. This result may indicate that ecosystems are increasingly responsive to endogenous or exogenous stimuli, but the biology underlying these trends is not yet understood. We show that the temporal complexity of ecosystem functioning can elucidate ecosystem properties otherwise missed by longer timescales.
Alur kerja pembelajaran mesin pada pemodelan spasial kerawanan longsor
Authors: Samodra Guruh 
Published: November 2024

Abstrak Salah satu instrumen pengurangan risiko bencana longsor adalah peta kerawanan longsor yang dihasilkan dari pemodelan spasial. Alur kerja pemodelan spasial kerawanan longsor menggunakan model pembelajaran mesin belum terakomodasi dalam Standar Nasional Indonesia (SNI) yang berlaku saat ini (tahun 2024). Penelitian ini berusaha menjelaskan variasi langkah-langkah dalam alur kerja pembelajaran mesin dan menunjukkan perbedaannya dengan alur kerja model statistik. Model statistik regresi logistik dan model pembelajaran mesin random forest dipilih untuk menjelaskan perbedaan alur kerja pemodelan spasial kerawanan longsor. Formulasi alur kerja pemodelan spasial kerawanan longsor diterapkan untuk memetakan kerawanan longsor di Kabupaten Pacitan. Pada tanggal 27-29 November 2017, 743 longsor terjadi di Kabupaten Pacitan dipicu oleh hujan yang sangat lebat akibat Siklon Tropis Cempaka. Kabupaten Pacitan merupakan salah satu wilayah rawan longsor di Provinsi Jawa Timur. Alur kerja pemodelan spasial kerawanan longsor terbagi atas beberapa langkah yaitu penyiapan data, pra-pemrosesan data (pre-processing), melatih dan menyetel model, memvalidasi model, pemodelan spasial, dan uji akurasi. Hasil uji akurasi model RF dan LR yang diterapkan di Kabupaten Pacitan masing-masing sebesar 0,75 dan 0,73. Penelitian ini diharapkan dapat memberikan masukan dalam penyusunan SNI pemetaan kerawanan longsor di masa mendatang serta dapat digunakan sebagai acuan dalam pemetaan kerawanan longsor secara umum di Indonesia. Abstract One of the landslide risk reduction instruments is landslide susceptibility maps which can be produced by spatial modeling. The landslide susceptibility modeling based on machine learning workflows have not been accommodated in the current verison of Indonesian National Standard (SNI). This study seeks to explain the variation of machine learning workflows and show how they differ from statistical learning workflows. Logistic regression model and random forest machine learning models were selected to explain variations in landslide susceptibility modeling workflows. The modeling workflows were applied to map landslide susceptibility in Pacitan Regency. On 27-29 November 2017, 743 landslides occurred in Pacitan Regency triggered by very heavy rain due to Tropical Cyclone Cempaka. Pacitan Regency is one of the landslide-prone areas in East Java Province. The landslide susceptibility modeling workflow is divided into several steps, i.e. data preparation, data pre-processing, training and tuning the model, validating the model, spatial modeling, and accuracy testing. The accuracy test results of the RF and LR models applied in Pacitan Regency were 0.75 and 0.73 respectively. This research is expected to provide a benchmark for landslide susceptibility mapping in Indonesia.
The IsletTester Mouse: An Immunodeficient Model With Stable Hyperglycemia for the Study of Human Islets
Authors: Waite Eric L. , Tigue Mark , Yu Ming , Lahori Deeksha , Kelly Kai , May Catherine Lee , Naji Ali , Roman Jeffrey , Doliba Nicolai , Avrahami Dana , Nguyen-Ngoc Kim-Vy , Sander Maike , Glaser Benjamin , Kaestner Klaus H. 
Published: November 2024

The gold standard for assessing the function of human islets or β-like cells derived from stem cells involves their engraftment under the kidney capsule of hyperglycemic, immunodeficient mice. Current models, such as streptozotocin treatment of severely immunodeficient mice or the NRG-Akita strain, are limited due to unstable and variable hyperglycemia and/or high morbidity. To address these limitations, we developed the IsletTester mouse via CRISPR/Cas9-mediated gene editing of glucokinase (Gck), the glucose sensor of the β-cells, directly in NSG zygotes. IsletTester mice are heterozygous for an Arg345→stop mutation in Gck and present with stable random hyperglycemia (∼250 mg/dL [14 mmol/L]), normal lifespan, and fertility. We demonstrate the utility of this model through functional engraftment of both human islets and human embryonic stem cell–derived β-like cells. The IsletTester mouse will enable the study of human islet biology over time and under different physiological conditions and can provide a useful preclinical platform to determine the functionality of stem cell–derived islet products.

Article Highlights
Current mouse models for assessing islet function in vivo are limited due to unstable and variable hyperglycemia and/or high morbidity. We derived the IsletTester mouse to address these limitations. Leveraging a previously characterized glucokinase mutation and CRISPR/Cas9 technology, we successfully developed a moderately hyperglycemic and immunodeficient mouse model for the in vivo assessment of islet function. Our IsletTester mouse has stable, moderate hyperglycemia that can be corrected with primary human islets or stem cell–derived insulin-producing cells. The IsletTester mouse provides a reliable, easy-to-use platform for the preclinical assessment of stem cell–derived islet products or islet-targeted drugs.
Preclinical Development of a Tolerogenic Peptide From Glutamate Decarboxylase as a Candidate for Antigen-Specific Immunotherapy in Type 1 Diabetes
Authors: Ng Sky T.H. , Price Michael J. , Richardson Naomi , Nawaf Maher , Copland Alastair , Streeter Heather B. , Narendran Parth , Wraith David C. 
Published: November 2024

Dysregulation and loss of immune tolerance toward pancreatic β-cell autoantigens are features of type 1 diabetes (T1D). Until recently, life-long insulin injection was the only approved treatment for T1D, but it does not address the underlying disease pathology. The aim for antigen-specific immunotherapy (ASI) is to restore tolerance. ASI holds potential as a new therapeutic strategy for treating autoimmune diseases with well-characterized antigens. Peptide ASI using processing-independent CD4+ T-cell epitopes (PIPs) shows promising results in several autoimmune diseases. Here, we successfully applied the principles of PIP design to the T1D autoantigen glutamate decarboxylase 65 (GAD65). Peptides spanning GAD65 predicted to be pan–HLA-DR binding were selected. Peptide 10 (P10) displayed enriched responses in peripheral blood mononuclear cells from people with T1D. The minimal epitope of the P10 peptide was fine mapped using T-cell hybridomas generated from HLA-DRB1*04:01 transgenic mice. This minimal epitope, P10Sol, was demonstrated, using a novel activation-induced marker assay, to induce tolerance to the parent peptide in the transgenic mice. Finally, we show that GAD65 P10Sol PIP is recognized by CD4+ T cells from people with T1D who possess a range of HLA-DR alleles and, therefore, can be defined as a pan–DR-binding peptide with therapeutic potential.

Article Highlights
There are currently no approved antigen-specific immunotherapies (ASIs) for people with type 1 diabetes (T1D). We aimed to develop a peptide for ASI for T1D based on the T1D-associated auto-antigen glutamate decarboxylase 65 (GAD65). A minimal and soluble peptide derived from GAD65 was demonstrated to induce tolerance in an HLA transgenic mouse. Our data suggest this peptide derived from the GAD65 islet protein should be tested for therapeutic potential in people with T1D who have residual β-cell function.
ANALISIS GAYA BAHASA DAN PESAN MORAL DALAM LIRIK LAGU MARGA BATAK KETURUNAN TUAN SORBA DIBANUA
Authors: Sianipar Martua Todo Halomoan , Surip Muhammad , Januarsyah Daulay Mhd. Anggie 
Published: November 2024

AbstrakPenelitian ini bertujuan untuk mendeskripsikan jenis gaya bahasa yang terdapat dalam lirik lagu marga Batak Toba keturunan “Tuan Sorba Dibanua”, serta untuk mendeskripsikan pesan moral yang terdapat dalam lirik lagu marga Batak Toba keturunan “Tuan Sorba Dibanua”. Di analisis dengan teori Gorys Keraf untuk membahas gaya bahasa yang terdapat dalam lirik lagu marga Batak keturunan Tuan Sorba Dibanua, dan teori Burhan Nurgiyantoro untuk membahas pesan moral yang terdapat dalam lirik lagu marga Batak keturunan Tuan Sorba Dibanua. Jenis penelitian yang dipakai adalah penelitian kualitatif yang bersifat deskriptif yang menggambarkan atau melukiskan gejala dan fakta secara sistematis. Teknik pengumpulan data yang digunakan untuk memperoleh data yaitu dengan teknik dokumentasi, teknik simak, dan teknik catat. Teknik ini digunakan agar memperoleh data secara detail dan akurat. Dari hasil penelitian Analisis Gaya Bahasa Dan Pesan Moral Dalam Lirik Lagu Marga Batak Keturunan Tuan Sorba Dibanua terdapat gaya bahasa berdasarkan struktur kalimat; klimaks 5, antiklimaks 5, antitesis 5, dan repetisi 13, berdasarkan langsung tidaknya makna terbagi kedalam dua jenis, (a). Retoris antara lain: aliterasi 8, asonansi 24, apostrof 7, asindeton 9, tautologi 4, dan hiperbola 6; (b). Kiasan antara lain: persamaan atau simile 4, metafora 3, sinekdoke pars pro toto 1, sinekdoke totem to parte 2, dan antonomasia 3. Diantara gaya bahasa yang terdapat dalam lirik lagu marga Batak Toba keturunan Tuan Sorba Dibanua terdapat beberapa gaya bahasa yang dominan di dalam lirik lagu tersebut. Gaya bahasa yang dominan diantara gaya bahasa berdasarkan struktur kalimat adalah gaya bahasa repetisi sebanyak 13 temuan, sedangkan berdasarkan langsung tidaknya makna gaya bahasa yang paling dominan dari jenis gaya bahasa retoris ialah asonansi sebanyak 24 temuan, serta dari jenis kiasan yang paling dominan ialah gaya bahasa persamaan atau simile sebanyak 4 temuan. Kemudian terdapat pesan moral berdasarkan hubungan manusia dengan diri sendiri 14, pesan moral berdasarkan hubungan manusia dengan orang lain 16, dan pesan moral berdasarkan hubungan manusia dengan Tuhan 11. Dari antara pesan moral yang terdapat dalam lirik lagu marga Batak Toba keturunan Tuan Sorba Dibanua terdapat pesan moral yang paing dominan di dalam lirik lagu tersebut. Pesan moral yang paling dominan ialah pesan moral berdasarkan hubungan manusia dengan diri sendiri serta pesan moral berdasarkan hubungan manusia dengan orang lain sebanyak 16 temuan.Kata Kunci: Analisis gaya bahasa, pesan moral, lirik lagu, marga Batak Toba keturunan Tuan Sorba Dibanua