bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Opportunités du téléphone portable pour la construction de nouvelles représentations
Authors: Cyrulnik Natacha 
Published: March 2019

Dans le cadre d’ateliers audiovisuels, les réalisateurs Pilar Arcila et Jean- Marc Lamoure ont proposé à des jeunes des quartiers défavorisés de la ville de Port-Saint-Louis-du- Rhône de faire de petits films avec leurs téléphones portables. Alors que ces ateliers de pratiques artistiques sont généralement initiés à l’aide d’une caméra, ce sont les propres téléphones portables des jeunes qui deviennent cette fois l’outil pour réaliser une représentation filmique de leur territoire particulier. Dans ce processus de médiologie (Debray, 1994 ; Bougnoux, 1998), l’outil téléphone permet à la fois de s’emparer d’un objet intime pour construire une nouvelle représentation filmique, du monde, et de soi.
Couvrir une actualité de crise terroriste : un dispositif « web first » ?
Authors: Jardon Quentin , Puissant Baeyens Sandrine , Van Dievoet Lara 
Published: March 2019

Le Brussels Lockdown et les attentats de Bruxelles ont généré une importante couverture de la part des médias traditionnels francophones belges, notamment au travers de leurs sites internet. Ces deux périodes ont été caractérisées par une augmentation forte et une restructuration de l’audience des sites d’information. À partir de deux vagues d’entretiens semi- directifs auprès de neuf responsables de rédactions web, cet article se penche sur le rôle de ce support dans la couverture du Lockdown et des attentats de Bruxelles par les rédactions traditionnelles francophones belges, sur le plan organisationnel et sur celui de la production de contenu. L’analyse met en évidence un paradoxe : les rédactions tentent de gérer la demande d’instantanéité par une politique web first, mais en période de crise, peu de moyens humains supplémentaires peuvent être alloués au Web dans les rédactions « traditionnelles ».
Questions épistémologiques à propos d’une « interdiscipline »
Authors: Loum Ndiaga 
Published: March 2019

Communication internationale ou internationalisation de la communication ? À quelque bout qu’on prend la question, la pertinence de l’existence de la communication internationale comme sous-discipline, discipline ou matière se pose dans l’univers global des sciences sociales. Si l’on reconnaît une discipline scientifique à travers les diplômes qui sanctionnent un cursus académique prédéfini, par l’ampleur des travaux qui portent le sceau de la matière désignée, par le nombre de chercheurs revendiquant une telle spécialité ou reconnus comme tels, par le nombre de centres de recherche abritant lesdits spécialistes, il est démontré que la pertinence de l’enseignement et de la recherche en communication internationale ne fait pas l’objet d’un doute. Ceci explique d’ailleurs que ce débat, s’il a existé un moment, n’est plus un centre d’intérêt réel. Ce qui l’est par contre, c’est le carrefour interdisciplinaire que constitue cette sous-discipline « ballotée » entre sa source de rattachement ombilical (la communication), les relations internationales qu’elle « chevauche » sans risque d’entremêlement, et la science sociale qui englobe l’ensemble des recherches touchant la société lato sensu et qu’elle ne peut ignorer. Comment la communication internationale peut revendiquer une place de choix dans l’univers global des sciences sociales ? Dans quelle mesure et jusqu’à quel point les objets qu’elle aborde, les enjeux sociétaux qu’elle adresse interpellent-ils toutes les disciplines des sciences sociales ? Comment démontrer sans effort son rattachement à la trajectoire historique que suivent les sciences sociales ? C’est dans cette disposition d’esprit que s’enclenche cette réflexion quasi heuristique qui porte sur des questions d’épistémologie autour d’une « indiscipline » ou d’une « interdiscipline » nommée communication internationale.
Diversité de sources d’information et processus décisionnel en période de crise
Authors: Ndjock Fleur Nadine 
Published: March 2019

Cet article a pour objectif de montrer sur la base d’un retour d’expérience issu des travaux effectués dans le cadre d’un projet de thèse, que les enjeux de la communication de l’information en temps de crise dus à la diversité des sources d’information sont pour la plupart essentiellement liées aux enjeux du processus décisionnel. Nous pensons qu’une communication est faite en temps de crise pour informer, pour permettre de prendre des dispositions (décider) s’il y a lieu et c’est ce dernier aspect qui nous intéresse : quel impact la diversification des sources d’information a-t-elle sur le processus décisionnel en temps de crise ? « La prise de décision est un processus cognitif complexe visant à la sélection d’un type d’action parmi différentes alternatives » et nous savons qu’en temps normal et particulièrement en période de crise que prendre une décision est un acte crucial. La décision doit être rapide et efficace. Pour cette raison, le décideur doit disposer de l’information pertinente. Or, il se trouve que plusieurs facteurs influencent la communication de l’information en temps de crise ou de conflit. Ces facteurs sont déterminants dans la demande et le traitement de l’information et jouent un rôle primordial dans la prise de décision finale. L’environnement conflictuel, la diversité des sources d’information, le problème de crédibilité des médias rendent particulièrement ardue, la détermination des indicateurs, la collecte et le traitement de l’information. Or, il est primordial que dans un tel environnement, l’information soit exempte de toute contrainte pour aider à prendre les décisions adéquates. Le défi pour celui qui doit décider est d’en prendre conscience et d’avoir une capacité d’adaptation selon le problème auquel il fait face. Nous pensons que pour y arriver, il convient d’appliquer une méthodologie rigoureuse et efficace dans l’ensemble du processus qui commence dès l’accès à l’information jusqu’à la prise de décision. Cette méthodologie peut être inspirée du concept de l’Intelligence Économique (IE) qui de par sa définition, aide à cadrer la collecte, le traitement et la gestion de l’information. Ses étapes clairement définies du début à la fin du processus décisionnel guident tant l’utilisateur dans la collecte d’information que le décideur dans la prise de décision.
L’intériorisation des conflits internationaux à l’échelle nationale
Authors: Yoon Cheolki 
Published: March 2019

Dès la division de la péninsule, la Corée du Sud se trouve tout le temps en tension avec la Corée du Nord, et cette tension conditionne comme un facteur permanent la scène sociale et politique de la société ; durant des décennies, des positions différentes à l’égard du Nord sont une source de répression ou de conflits. Ces dynamiques sociales et politiques évoluent d’abord passant l’établissement du système démocratique formel en 1987, ensuite depuis les années 2000 par un développement rapide des nouvelles technologies de l’information et de la communication (Tic) et l’usage actif de l’internet. Compte tenu de ce contexte, l’article vise à explorer le processus d’intériorisation des conflits intercoréens au sein de la société sud-coréenne, notant particulièrement le rôle de l’espace en ligne dans ce processus. Après avoir examiné le contexte général relevant des relations intercoréennes et la place des Tic dans celles-ci, le présent article présente deux études de cas : l’arrestation d’un twittérien et les interventions politiques par des institutions gouvernementales. Dans tous les deux cas, certaines positions par rapport à la Corée du Nord étaient problématisées, et l’internet était la scène centrale des principaux incidents. Entre autres, les analyses confirment que la tension avec le Nord sert toujours à la répression ou aux conflits au sein du Sud, mais de manière plus subtile mobilisant notamment l’espace en ligne. D’après cette recherche, l’internet en soi ne paraît pas garantir l’expansion de la démocratie ; la Toile ouvre en même temps de nouveaux types de participation démocratique et de luttes et de nouveaux types de surveillance et de conflits.
Hepatitis B Virus–Induced Imbalance of Inflammatory and Antiviral Signaling by Differential Phosphorylation of STAT1 in Human Monocytes
Authors: Song Hongxiao , Tan Guangyun , Yang Yang , Cui An , Li Haijun , Li Tianyang , Wu Zhihui , Yang Miaomiao , Lv Guoyue , Chi Xiumei , Niu Junqi , Zhu Kangshun , Crispe Ian Nicholas , Su Lishan , Tu Zhengkun 
Published: March 2019

Abstract
It is not clear how hepatitis B virus (HBV) modulates host immunity during chronic infection. In addition to the key mediators of inflammatory response in viral infection, monocytes also express a high-level IFN-stimulated gene, CH25H, upon response to IFN-α exerting an antiviral effect. In this study, the mechanism by which HBV manipulates IFN signaling in human monocytes was investigated. We observed that monocytes from chronic hepatitis B patients express lower levels of IFN signaling/stimulated genes and higher levels of inflammatory cytokines compared with healthy donors. HBV induces monocyte production of inflammatory cytokines via TLR2/MyD88/NF-κB signaling and STAT1-Ser727 phosphorylation and inhibits IFN-α–induced stat1, stat2, and ch25h expression through the inhibition of STAT1-Tyr701 phosphorylation and in an IL-10–dependent, partially autocrine manner. Further, we found that enhancement of STAT1 activity with a small molecule (2-NP) rescued HBV-mediated inhibition of IFN signaling and counteracted the induction of inflammatory cytokines. In conclusion, HBV contributes to the monocyte inflammatory response but inhibits their IFN-α/β responsiveness to impair antiviral innate immunity. These effects are mediated via differential phosphorylation of Tyr701 and Ser727 of STAT1.
Meters maken: gedragsexperts in het lokaal bestuur
Authors: Feitsma Joram 
Published: March 2019

Making meters: behavioural experts in local government
Civil servants at the Dutch authorities increasingly make use of behavioural insights in the policy process. These insights are primarily put on the agenda at the level of the national government in the Netherlands. However, they also seem to be particularly useful at the local level. After all, behaviour-conscious policy focuses on behavioural change through the redesign of the direct environments of citizens, and local authorities have a clear view and control over these environments. In the light of this potential, this article explores the current rise and institutionalization of behavioural expertise in local government. The work practices of local behavioural experts are examined on the basis of three dimensions of local government: positioning, practices and politics. The findings show that local behavioural experts are still in an experimental and start-up phase, but at the same time are already working with a wealth of behavioural assignments. In doing so, they deal tactically with scarce resources, resistance and abrasive institutional logics. The article shows that behavioural insights and designs are also promising in local government, that a local administrative landscape of behavioural expertise is already being developed; and that making meters in the field of behavioural expertise calls for several forms of coordination.
De vierde D revisited. Afscheidscollege Thorbecke-leerstoel
Authors: Cohen Job 
Published: March 2019

The fourth D revisited. Farewell lecture Thorbecke chair
On January 9 2015, Job Cohen held his inaugural speech at the University of Leiden as extraordinary professor at the prestigious Thorbecke chair. His study field was the theory of the municipality as an administrative, political and legal system. The title of his inaugural speech was ‘The fourth D’, in which the first three Ds stand for three different decentralizations of tasks to Dutch municipalities and the fourth D for democracy. In his speech Job Cohen advocated a deliberative form of democracy, because it doesn’t emphasize differences and the exaggeration of differences, but emphasizes what the members of a community have in common. This essay contains the farewell lecture that he held on November 30 2018. In it Cohen says that we are still in the transition of a gigantic operation, the three decentralizations of youth care, social services and labor participation. In many areas, therefore, cooperation at a higher level than the original municipalities is necessary and indeed established. Due to the increased regional cooperation, the House of Thorbecke no longer has such a strong foundation, which has long been the case. It is therefore inevitable, according to Cohen, that the House of Thorbecke receives more than just a new coat of paint. In his farewell lecture he furthermore discusses two kinds of citizen participation. The first kind concerns policy-influencing participation, the second involves self-reliant participation, or do-democracy or civil administration, in which the Right to Challenge is currently in the center of attention. This requires a delicate coordination between those who have and exercise government powers and citizens who want to exert influence on it.
Empiricism as an ethical enterprise. On the work of Erhard Blankenburg
Authors: Ippel Pieter 
Published: March 2019

Empiricism as an ethical enterprise – on the work of Erhard Blankenburg
This article gives an interpretation of the empirical work of the well-known sociologist of law Erhard Blankenburg, who passed away in the Spring of 2018. He conducted interesting and intelligent research on the process of ‘mobilization of law’. The thesis of this article is that Blankenburg’s empirical approach is actually guided and stimulated by normative considerations. A complete and coherent picture of the concrete utilization of legal instruments shows that ‘alternative’ ways of dealing with problems and disputes are often morally preferable as they are inspired by a realistic assessment of persons-in-a-social-context.
A glucagon-like peptide-1 analog, liraglutide, ameliorates endothelial dysfunction through miRNAs to inhibit apoptosis in rats
Authors: Zhang Qian , Xiao Xinhua , Zheng Jia , Li Ming 
Published: March 2019

Background and Aims
Many studies have revealed that glucagon-like peptide-1 has vasoprotective effects. In this study, we investigated whether liraglutide suppressed endothelial dysfunction and explored the mechanism involved.

Methods
Experimental diabetes was induced through combined high-fat diet administration and intraperitoneal streptozotocin injections. Rats were randomly divided into the following four groups: control, diabetes, diabetes + a low liraglutide dose (0.2 mg/kg/d), and diabetes + a high liraglutide dose (0.4 mg/kg/d). Endothelial function and metabolic parameters were measured after 8 weeks of treatment. miRNA arrays were analyzed to identify the differentially expressed miRNAs.

Results
We found that liraglutide significantly improved aortic endothelial function in diabetic rats. Liraglutide inhibited miR-93-5p, miR-181a-5p and miR-34a-5p expression, and activated miR-26a-5p expression. miRNA mimic transfection experiments indicated negative relationships between miR-93-5p, miR-181a-5p, miR-34a-5p, and miR-26a-5p and Sirt1, Creb, Bcl-2, and Pten expression, respectively. Moreover, liraglutide increased Sirt1, Creb, and Bcl-2 expression levels and reduced Pten expression level.

Conclusion
Our results demonstrate the role of key miRNAs in the liraglutide-mediated regulation of endothelial cell function in diabetic rats.
Musculoskeletal Ultrasound Practices of Graduates of a Blended‐Learning Program: A Survey of Rheumatologists From the United States
Authors: Nishio Midori , Torralba Karina D. , Ziniel Sonja I. , Kissin Eugene , Aslam Fawad ,   for the Ultrasound School of North American Rheumatologists
Published: November 2024

ObjectiveNot much is known regarding musculoskeletal ultrasound (MSUS) practices of rheumatologists in the United States. We sought to determine the current use of MSUS among past participants of the Ultrasound School of North American Rheumatologists (USSONAR) training program and, by extension, MSUS‐practicing rheumatologists and to understand barriers to its MSUS use.MethodsAn online survey was sent to 374 participants in the eight‐month USSONAR blended course (Fundamentals in Musculoskeletal Ultrasound and Train the Trainer) between 2009 and 2020. Each respondent had a unique identifier linked to their total number of submitted practice scans and examination scores during training.ResultsThe survey response rate was 28.1% (105 of 374), comprising 82% adult and 18% pediatric rheumatologists. Of the respondents, 71% were MSUS certified: 86.7% performed and/or interpreted diagnostic MSUS, 81.0% performed/interpreted procedural MSUS, 59.8% billed for at least 50% of diagnostic studies, and 78.8% billed for at least 50% of procedural studies. The top reasons for not doing diagnostic and procedural ultrasonography were lack of administrative support and limited time, respectively. For 25% of diagnostic ultrasonography and 12.9% of procedural ultrasonography, billing was done <50% of the time. Of the respondents, 78.0% reported that USSONAR training made them better rheumatologists.ConclusionMost USSONAR‐trained rheumatologists are certified, practicing both diagnostic and procedural MSUS and billing for most of their work. However, a substantial number of studies are not being billed due to time constraints, limited administrative support, and legal liability. Participants agreed that USSONAR training made them better rheumatologists.
Ultra Stable X‐Ray Imaging Through a Mutually Reinforcing Strategy Between Perovskite Nanocrystal‐Polymethyltrifluoropropylsiloxane
Authors: Zheng Wei , Liu Han , Liu Xiaoyu , Shi Ruirui , Han Xinyi , Wang Xiaojia , Long Teng , Zhang Yuhai , Wang Hua , Yu William W. , Zhou Chuanjian 
Published: November 2024

AbstractThe instability of halide perovskite nanocrystals (PNCs) and related composite polymer films posed considerable challenges for application in flexible optoelectronic devices. Herein, perovskite nanocrystal‐polymethyltrifluoropropylsiloxane (PNCs‐PMFS) composites are developed that exhibit outstanding optical stability and irradiation resistance through a mutually reinforcing strategy. The photoluminescence (PL) intensity of PNCs‐PMFS remained stable after four heating cycles, whereas perovskite nanocrystal‐polydimethylsiloxane (PNCs‐PDMS) composites exhibited a 31% decrease in PL intensity. Moreover, PNCs‐PMFS demonstrated superior luminescence stability under UV and X‐ray irradiation due to strong ion‐dipole interactions between PNCs and trifluoromethyl (CF3) dipoles. Under γ‐ray irradiation (300 kGy), PNCs‐PMFS retained 73% (2.86 MPa) of the initial mechanical strength, while PMFS without PNCs retained only 51%. This enhancement is attributed to the effective reduction of free radical concentration in the system by PNCs, as confirmed by electron spin resonance (ESR) and curing curve. Density‐functional theory (DFT) calculations further indicated that PNCs adsorbed free radicals, thereby facilitating interfacial charge transfer and forming a stable resonance structure. These advancements enabled PNCs‐PMFS to serve as scintillation screens for X‐ray detection and imaging, achieving a spatial resolution of 19.0 lp mm−1 and a detection limit of 3.78 µGy s−1, offering novel insights for designing of X‐ray detectors in high‐energy radiation environments.
Screening Fluorination Additives for Efficient Perovskite Light‐Emitting Diodes
Authors: Xia Yu , Zou Chen , Lou Yan‐Hui , Zhou Yu‐Hang , Nar Aleyna , Li Yu‐Han , Nizamani Namatullah , Wang Kai‐Li , Chen Chun‐Hao , Chen Jing , Li Nan , Yavuz Ilhan , Liao Liang‐Sheng , Wang Zhao‐Kui 
Published: November 2024

AbstractFluorinated additives are proposed to address the issue of domain polydispersity in quasi‐2D perovskites. However, the lack of established screening criteria for these additives necessitates a laborious and costly trial‐and‐error process. Herein, this work explores the behind nature for the first time how various fluorination in fluorinated additives affect domain distribution in quasi‐2D perovskites. The studies reveal that fully fluorinated additives could suppress undesirable low‐dimensional domains, facilitating efficient energy transfer, while partially fluorinated additives adversely cause deteriorated optical properties. The observed trend is ascribed to the molecular dipole moment of the fluorinated additives, offering a reasonable explanation for experimental phenomena that has never been reported before. By employing fully fluorinated additives, the fabricated sky‐blue perovskite light‐emitting diodes (PeLEDs) deliver a peak external quantum efficiency (EQE) of 20.38% (@488 nm), marking as one of the highest efficiencies reported to date. The finding provides a screening criterion for fluorinated additives to realize efficient PeLEDs.
Synthesis‐Structure‐Property of High‐Entropy Layered Oxide Cathode for Li/Na/K‐Ion Batteries
Authors: Zheng Yunshan , Meng Yuefeng , Hu Xia , Peng Haoyang , Feng Lanlan , Wang Yao , Li Baohua 
Published: November 2024

AbstractIncreasing demand for rechargeable batteries necessitates improvements in electrochemical performance. Traditional optimal approaches such as elemental doping and surface modification are insufficient for practical applications of the batteries. High‐entropy materials (HEMs) possess stable solid‐state phases and unparalleled flexibility in composition and electronic structure, which facilitate rapid advancements in battery materials. This review demonstrates the properties of HEMs both qualitatively and quantitatively, and the mechanisms of their enhancement on battery properties. It also illustrates the progress in high‐entropy layered oxide cathode materials (HELOs) for lithium/sodium/potassium ion batteries (LIBs/SIBs/PIBs) in the perspectives of synthesis, characterization and application, and elucidating the synthesis‐structure‐property relationship. Furthermore, it outlines future directions for high‐entropy strategies in battery study: precise synthesis control, understanding of reaction mechanisms through structural characterization, elucidation of structure‐performance correlations, and the computational and experimental methods integration for rapid screening and analysis of HEMs. The perspective aims to inspire researchers in the development of high‐performance rechargeable batteries.
Highly Strained AlGaAs‐GaAsP Nanomembranes‐Based High‐Performance Diode
Authors: Abbasi Haris Naeem , Sheikhi Moheb , Kim Donghyeok , Singh Ranveer , Gong Jiarui , Zhou Jie , Zhang Qiming , Qiu Shuoyang , Adamo Carolina , Marshall Patrick , Cheung Clincy , Gambin Vincent , Ma Zhenqiang 
Published: November 2024

AbstractNanomembranes (NMs) made from single‐crystalline inorganic semiconductors offer unique properties, such as flexibility, transparency, and tunable bandgaps, making them suitable for complex device integration and next‐generation high‐power devices. In this study, the fabrication of a high‐performing emitter and base (E‐B) diode using transferable NMs of n‐AlGaAs/p‐GaAsP is demonstrated. Using a modified epitaxial lift‐off and transfer method, a single‐crystalline n‐AlGaAs/p‐GaAsP fragile NMs transfer onto ultrathin oxide (UO) grown GaN and Si substrates. The crystalline quality of the NMs is characterized by X‐ray diffraction and Raman spectroscopy techniques before and after transfer, no noticeable degradation has been found in its crystalline quality. In addition, atomic force microscopy and scanning electron microscopy images confirm the smooth surface and uniformity of the NMs over the whole substrate without any formation of cracks, respectively. Kelvin probe force microscopy demonstrates the formation of a nanoscale contact potential barrier at the interface of the E‐B diode. Furthermore, current–voltage (I–V) measurements demonstrate that the performance of the NM‐based E‐B diode is comparable to that of a rigid diode on the as‐grown sample. The findings highlight the potential of the epitaxial lift‐off and transfer method for the heterogeneous integration of III–V semiconductor materials to overcome the lattice‐mismatch limitations.