bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
An Organic Anode for High Temperature Potassium‐Ion Batteries
Authors: Liang Yujia , Luo Chao , Wang Fei , Hou Singyuk , Liou Sz‐Chian , Qing Tingting , Li Qin , Zheng Jing , Cui Chunyu , Wang Chunsheng 
Published: November 2018

AbstractThe wide applications of rechargeable batteries require state‐of‐the‐art batteries that are sustainable (abundant resource), tolerant to high‐temperature operations, and excellent in delivering high capacity and long‐term cycling life. Due to the scarcity and uneven distribution of lithium, it is urgent to develop alternative rechargeable batteries. Herein, an organic compound, azobenzene‐4,4′‐dicarboxylic acid potassium salts (ADAPTS) is developed, with an azo group as the redox center for high performance potassium‐ion batteries (KIBs). The extended π‐conjugated structure in ADAPTS and surface reactions between ADAPTS and K‐ions enable the stable charge/discharge of K‐ion batteries even at high temperatures up to 60 °C. When operated at 50 °C, ADAPTS anode delivers a reversible capacity of 109 mAh g−1 at 1C for 400 cycles. A reversible capacity of 77 mAh g−1 is retained at 2C for 1000 cycles. At 60 °C, the ADAPTS‐based KIBs deliver a high capacity of 113 mAh g−1 with 81% capacity retention at 2C after 80 cycles. The exceptional electrochemical performance demonstrates that ADAPTS is a promising electrode material for high‐temperature KIBs.
A Minimal Sequence for Left‐Handed G‐Quadruplex Formation
Authors: Bakalar Blaž , Heddi Brahim , Schmitt Emmanuelle , Mechulam Yves , Phan Anh Tuân 
Published: November 2018

AbstractRecently, we observed the first example of a left‐handed G‐quadruplex structure formed by natural DNA, named Z‐G4. We analysed the Z‐G4 structure and inspected its primary 28‐nt sequence in order to identify motifs that convey the unique left‐handed twist. Using circular dichroism spectroscopy, NMR spectroscopy, and X‐ray crystallography, we revealed a minimal sequence motif of 12 nt (GTGGTGGTGGTG) for formation of the left‐handed DNA G‐quadruplex, which is found to be highly abundant in the human genome. A systematic analysis of thymine loop mutations revealed a moderate sequence tolerance, which would further broaden the space of sequences prone to left‐handed G‐quadruplex formation.
Improving Efficiency and Standardization in a Robotics Program: A Quality Improvement Project
Authors: Price Michael , Bates Anne , Clagett Michael 
Published: November 2018

AbstractAfter an evaluation of the growing robotics program at Christiana Care Health System in Newark, Delaware, perioperative leaders identified needs related to a lack of instrument set standardization and inconsistent workflow processes; these deficiencies were causing higher‐than‐anticipated turnaround time (ie, 59 minutes) and an excessive inventory of sterilized robotic instruments. A workgroup was created to review the results of the evaluation and develop solutions for the robotic surgery program. Goals included a 40‐minute procedure turnaround time and a 35% reduction in sterilized robotic instrument set inventory one year after project initiation. By developing a team training program, improving operational efficiencies, and improving standardization, the robotics program achieved a 10‐minute TAT reduction and a 54% reduction in sterilized robotic instrument inventory. Personnel considered the project to be a huge success because it laid the groundwork for improving efficiency and standardization in Christiana Care Health System's robotics program.
Salmonid stocking in five North Atlantic jurisdictions: Identifying drivers and barriers to policy change
Authors: Aas Øystein , Cucherousset Julien , Fleming Ian A. , Wolter Christian , Höjesjö Johan , Buoro Mathieu , Santoul Frederic , Johnsson Jörgen I. , Hindar Kjetil , Arlinghaus Robert 
Published: November 2018

AbstractNew knowledge challenges long‐established practices of fish stocking and transfer because of increasing scientific consensus that the release of cultivated fish can pose risks to biodiversity; however, stocking can also improve fisheries, creating difficult decision trade‐offs regarding its use.Accordingly, controversy persists about fish stocking and transfer. No studies, however, have embraced a multinational perspective to understand the important governance dimensions of the success and failure of salmonid stocking and transfer policies.The present study has analysed the historical development and contemporary governance of the stocking and transfer of native and non‐native salmonids of the generaSalmo,Salvelinus, andOncorhynchusin five legislative units around the North Atlantic Ocean: the Atlantic Provinces of Canada, France, Germany, Norway, and Sweden. The study is based on the analyses of published and unpublished literature, and a survey of experts.Current salmonid stocking policies and practices varied significantly among jurisdictions; the degree of policy change varied, from radical and rapid changesde jureandde factoin Atlantic Canada and Norway to incremental mostlyde jurechanges in France and Germany.Rapid policy change in Atlantic Canada, Norway, and partly in Sweden can be explained by the socio‐political importance of salmonid fisheries, stocking regulations based on policy objectives to conserve wild Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar), well‐documented examples of the harmful consequences of transfers of non‐native species, and well‐developed vertical governance linkages. The policy changes resemble that of the ‘punctuated equilibrium policy framework’.By contrast, France and Germany place less socio‐political emphasis on salmonids, have stocking regulations less directed at wild salmonids, more local‐level decision making, more species‐rich fish communities, and little evidence of adverse ecological impacts of the transfer and stocking of salmonids. This has led to small, incremental changes in stocking policyde factothat are reflective of the ‘advocacy coalition policy framework’.
Cation−Solvent, Cation−Anion, and Solvent−Solvent Interactions with Electrolyte Solvation in Lithium Batteries
Authors: Chen Xiang , Zhang Xue–Qiang , Li Hao–Ran , Zhang Qiang 
Published: November 2018

AbstractElectrolyte solvation is a fundamental issue that regulates the lithium (Li) ion solvation sheath structure, the formation of cathode/anode−electrolyte interphase, and the plating/stripping behavior of Li ions in working Li batteries. Herein, we probe the cation‐solvent, cation‐anion, and solvent‐solvent interactions under both vacuum and electrolyte conditions through density functional theory calculations. The solvation effects can significantly weaken the aforementioned interactions in electrolytes as well as increase the Li−O/F distances in Li+‐containing complexes. The dissolution behaviour of Li salts in electrolytes was further explored and experimentally validated by dissolving lithium nitrate in different solvents. This work affords a mechanistic understanding of electrolyte microstructure and highlights the significant role of electrolyte solvation in regulating battery performance, affording fruitful insights into emerging electrolyte design for high‐performance batteries.
Surgery vs. radiotherapy for locally advanced hypopharyngeal cancer in the contemporary era: A population‐based study
Authors: Kim Yi‐Jun , Lee Rena 
Published: November 2018

AbstractObjectivesTo compare overall survival (OS) in locally advanced hypopharyngeal cancer treated with surgery or definitive chemoradiotherapy in the contemporary era.MethodsFrom 2010 to 2015, data for patients diagnosed with hypopharyngeal cancer (T2‐T4aM0) and treated with total pharyngectomy with lymph node dissection (surgery group) or definitive radiotherapy and chemotherapy (chemoradiotherapy group) was retrieved from the SEER database. Multivariate analyses were performed in each subgroup divided according to T category (T2‐3 or T4a).ResultsThe number of patients in the surgery and chemoradiotherapy groups was 209 and 648, respectively. Among them, the number of T4a patients was 111 and 126 in each group. Three‐year OS rate in the surgery and chemoradiotherapy groups was 37.9% and 44.1%, respectively (P = 0.178). The 3‐year OS rate for the T2‐3 patients was 46.5% and 48.7% (P = 0.598), and the 3‐year OS rate for the T4a patients was 29.9% and 26.1% in the surgery and chemoradiotherapy groups, respectively (P = 0.439). On multivariate analysis, the chemoradiotherapy group was not inferior to the surgery group in T2‐T4a patients (Hazard ratio [HR] for the chemoradiotherapy group 0.889, 95% confidence interval [CI] 0.699‐1.129, P = 0.334), in T2‐3 patients (HR 0.932, 95% CI 0.699‐1.297, P = 0.675), and in T4a patients (HR 0.880, 95% CI 0.617‐1.256, P = 0.481).ConclusionsChemoradiotherapy for locally advanced hypophagyngeal cancer showed a comparable OS rate to surgery. For patients with T4a category cancer with high possibility of preserving the laryngopharyngeal function, chemoradiotherapy may be a promising alternative treatment.
Second primary cancer after female breast cancer: Familial risks and cause of death
Authors: Zheng Guoqiao , Hemminki Akseli , Försti Asta , Sundquist Jan , Sundquist Kristina , Hemminki Kari 
Published: November 2018

AbstractBackgroundWith continuous increases in survival rates following breast cancer (BC) diagnosis, the challenge of multiple primary cancers has become an issue. The data on familial risk of SPCs after BC diagnosis and the related mortality in BC patients are scarce.MethodsA total of 87 752 female BC patients were followed for SPC diagnoses and records of death. Relative risks (RRs) of SPC in BC patients who had first‐degree relatives (parents or siblings) affected by the same cancer were compared to the patients without family history. Causes of death were compared between patients with and without SPC.ResultsAfter a median follow‐up of 5 years, 14 952 BC patients developed SPCs, among which 10 280 (68.8%) had first‐degree relatives diagnosed with cancer. Familial risks were significant for 14 site‐specific SPCs, and the highest risk was for second ovarian cancer (RR = 6.28, 95%CI: 4.50‐8.75), compared to those without family history (1.49, 1.34‐1.65). In patients with SPC, SPC was the main cause of death, including diverse cancers and BC in approximately equal proportions.ConclusionsFamily history contributed to the excess number of patients with SPCs, and SPC was the leading cause of death in patients with SPC. Taking family history at diagnosis of BC may provide warning signs with regard to possible subsequent SPCs and may offer possibilities for counseling, intervention and management.
Reinforcement learning in child molesters
Authors: Dillien Tineke , Goethals Kris , Sabbe Bernard , Brazil Inti A. 
Published: November 2018

AbstractBackgroundChild molesters form a heterogeneous group, but one generally shared characteristic is maladaptive, rigid behaviour. Impairments in reinforcement learning may explain these maladaptive tendencies, but this has not been systematically investigated. Further, it is not known if such impairments vary with subtype of child molesters.AimsTo investigate the presence of impairments in reinforcement learning among child molesters and to test for differences in patterns of impairment with subtype.MethodsA group of 59 child molesters was recruited from several prisons in a two‐stage screening process, the first using records and the second interview; a comparison group of 33 offenders who had never committed a sex offence and who denied paedophile ideation was similarly recruited; 36 nonoffender comparison men were recruited by social media and word of mouth. Each was asked to perform a probabilistic reversal learning task, in which stimulus‐outcome contingencies had to be learned.ResultsChild molesters, as a group, made significantly more errors on the probabilistic reversal learning task than the nonoffenders; the comparison offenders and the nonoffenders gained similar scores, although findings may have been confounded by older age in the child molester group. Nonpaedophilic child molesters had significantly worse scores than paedophilic child molesters.ConclusionsChild molesters, especially those not diagnosed with paedophilia, have deficits during both the acquisition and reversal of contingencies, suggesting reinforcement learning deficits that may undermine their capacity to benefit maximally from therapy without preliminary work to repair those deficits, possibly in conjunction with extending the offender programmes. Testing before programme entry would enable accurate targeting of scarce resources in this respect.
[All]‐S,S‐dioxide Oligo‐Thienylenevinylenes: Synthesis and Structural/Electronic Shapes from Their Molecular Force Fields
Authors: Aharon Cheryl , Guijarro Fernando G. , Medina Rivero Samara , Ramírez Francisco J. , Caballero Rubén , Casado Juan , Langa Fernando , Rozen Shlomo 
Published: November 2018

AbstractOligo‐S,S‐dioxothienylenevinylenes have been prepared by transferring oxygen atoms to the sulfur atoms using the HOF⋅CH3CN complex. Their photophysical properties are presented in comparison with their thiophenevinylene congeners. Together with their vibrational properties and molecular force fields, this study allows for the interpretation of the alteration of aromaticity and inter‐ring exocyclic π‐conjugation in this series.
Direct Observation of the Double‐Stranded DNA Formation through Metal Ion‐Mediated Base Pairing in the Nanoscale Structure
Authors: Xing Xiwen , Feng Yihong , Yu Zutao , Hidaka Kumi , Liu Fenyong , Ono Akira , Sugiyama Hiroshi , Endo Masayuki 
Published: November 2018

AbstractThis work demonstrates single‐molecule imaging of metal‐ion induced double‐stranded DNA formation in DNA nanostructures. The formation of the metal ion‐mediated base pairing in a DNA origami frame was examined using C‐Ag‐C and T‐Hg‐T metallo‐base pairs. The target DNA strands containing consecutive C or T were incorporated into the DNA frame, and the binding was controlled by the addition of metal ions. Double‐stranded DNA formation was monitored by observing the structural changes in the incorporated DNA strands using high‐speed atomic force microscopy (AFM). Using the T‐Hg‐T base pair, the dynamic formation of unique dsDNA and its dissociation were observed. The formation of an unusual shape of dsDNA with consecutive T‐Hg‐T base pairs was visualized in the designed nanoscale structure.
Synthesis and Electronic Properties of Novel 5,7‐Diazapentacene Derivatives
Authors: Lunchev Andrey V. , Morris Samuel A. , Ganguly Rakesh , Grimsdale Andrew C. 
Published: November 2018

AbstractA route to the synthesis of novel 5,7‐diazapentacenes and some preliminary studies on their properties is reported. A single crystal X‐ray diffraction study of the dihexyl derivative showed it had formed a dimer during the analysis. The materials possess lower lying frontier orbitals than pentacene and may have potential applications in organic electronic devices. This synthetic method may be applicable to the synthesis of other azaacenes.
Prevalence of nonfounder BRCA1/2 mutations in Ashkenazi Jewish patients presenting for genetic testing at a hereditary breast and ovarian cancer center
Authors: Frey Melissa K. , Kopparam Rohini V. , Ni Zhou Zhen , Fields Jessica C. , Buskwofie Ama , Carlson Ann D. , Caputo Thomas , Holcomb Kevin , Chapman‐Davis Eloise 
Published: November 2018

BackgroundGenetic assessment in Ashkenazi Jewish (AJ) patients often is limited to BRCA1/2 founder mutation testing. With access to time‐efficient and cost‐efficient multigene panel testing, some advocate expanding genetic testing in this population. However, to the best of the authors’ knowledge, rates of nonfounder BRCA1/2 mutations and mutations in cancer‐associated genes other than BRCA1/2 among AJ are not known. In the current study, the authors sought to assess the prevalence of mutations other than BRCA1/2 founder mutations among AJ patients undergoing genetic assessment.MethodsThe authors reviewed the medical records for all AJ patients who underwent genetic assessment at a single institution between June 2013 and December 2016. Mutations were categorized as 1) BRCA1/2 AJ founder mutations (BRCA1 185delAG, BRCA1 5382insC, or BRCA2 6174delT); 2) nonfounder BRCA1/2 mutations; or 3) mutations in non‐BRCA1/2 cancer‐associated genes.ResultsA total of 732 AJ patients underwent genetic assessment. Of these, 371 patients (51%) had a personal history of breast or ovarian cancer, 540 patients (73.8%) had a family history of breast cancer, and 132 patients (18%) had a family history of ovarian cancer. In the study population, 101 patients (13.8%) were found to have a pathogenic mutation, 78 patients (10.7%) had a BRCA1/2 founder mutation, 3 patients (0.4%) had a nonfounder BRCA1/2 mutation, and 20 patients (2.7%) had a mutation in a non‐BRCA1/2 cancer‐associated gene. Non‐BRCA1/2 cancer‐associated genes harboring mutations included RAD51D, TP53, mutS homolog 6 (MSH6), checkpoint kinase 2 (CHEK2), adenomatous polyposis coli (APC), and Fanconi anemia group C protein (FANCC).ConclusionsAmong AJ patients found to have a pathogenic mutation on genetic assessment, approximately 22.8% had a mutation that would be missed with BRCA1/2 AJ founder mutation testing. Comprehensive multigene panel sequencing can provide clinically relevant genetic information for AJ patients and should be considered for genetic assessment in this population.
Trends in liver cancer mortality in the United States: Dual burden among foreign‐ and US‐born persons
Authors: Endeshaw Meheret , Hallowell Benjamin D. , Razzaghi Hilda , Senkomago Virginia , McKenna Matthew T. , Saraiya Mona 
Published: November 2018

BackgroundSince the mid‐1980s, the burden of liver cancer in the United States has doubled, with 31,411 new cases and 24,698 deaths occurring in 2014. Foreign‐born individuals may be more likely to die of liver cancer than individuals in the general US‐born population because of higher rates of hepatitis B infection, a low socioeconomic position, and language barriers that limit the receipt of early cancer detection and effective treatment.MethodsTo determine whether liver cancer mortality rates were higher among foreign‐born individuals versus US‐born individuals in the United States, population‐based cancer mortality data were obtained from the National Center for Health Statistics of the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. Annual population estimates were obtained from the US Census Bureau’s American Community Survey. Age‐adjusted mortality rates and rate ratios (RRs) for liver cancer stratified by birth place were calculated, and the average annual percent change (AAPC) was used to evaluate trends.ResultsA total of 198,557 deaths from liver and intrahepatic bile duct cancer were recorded during 2005‐2014, and 16% occurred among foreign‐born individuals. Overall, foreign‐born individuals had a 24% higher risk of liver cancer mortality than US‐born individuals (RR, 1.24; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.22‐1.25). Foreign‐born individuals did not have any significant changes in liver cancer mortality rates overall, but among US‐born individuals, liver cancer mortality rates significantly increased (AAPC, 2.7; 95% CI, 2.1‐3.3).ConclusionsEfforts that address the major risk factors for liver cancer are needed to help to alleviate the health disparities observed among foreign‐born individuals and reverse the increasing trend observed in the US‐born population.
Risk stratification of salivary gland cytology utilizing the Milan system of classification
Authors: Savant Deepika , Jin Cao , Chau Karen , Hagan Tamla , Chowdhury Maruf , Koppenhafer Joshua , Kercy Mercedes , Laser Alice , Gimenez Cecilia , Das Kasturi 
Published: November 2018

BackgroundThe Milan System for Reporting Salivary Gland Cytopathology (MSRSGC) is based on risk stratification. Our study is a retrospective review of salivary gland fine needle aspiration cytology (FNAC) with the goal of determining the risk of malignancy (ROM) in each of the categories proposed by the MSRSGC.MethodsFNAC of salivary gland lesions with corresponding surgical resection specimens were retrieved over a 5‐year period. Metastatic tumors were excluded. BothFNAC and corresponding surgical resections were reviewed blindly and classified as per criteria published by the MSRSGC. The ROM for each of the diagnostic categories was determined and compared with the ROM published by the MSRSGC.ResultsThe total number of entities and ROM in 199 reviewed cases were as follows: Nondiagnostic 18 (9.2%) (ROM 0%), non‐neoplastic 4(2%) (ROM 0%), atypia of undetermined significance (AUS) 12(6%) (ROM 33%), benign neoplasm 118(59.2%) (ROM 0.8%), salivary gland neoplasm of uncertain malignant potential (SUMP) 22(11%) (ROM 40.9%), suspicious for malignancy 3(1.5%) (ROM 100%), malignant 22(11%) (ROM 100%).ConclusionThe ROM reported in our study was mostly concordant with ROM published by the MSRSGC. This classification is helpful for the management of categories; nondiagnostic, non‐neoplastic, benign neoplasm, suspicious for malignancy and malignant. The management is not standardized for the category, salivary gland neoplasm of uncertain malignant potential, as clinical information plays an important role in planning surgical procedures at an individual basis. Further studies will need to be performed using this new classification to help define appropriate management and predict ROM more accurately.
Identifying a male clinical cutoff on the Eating Disorder Examination‐Questionnaire (EDE‐Q)
Authors: Schaefer Lauren M. , Smith Kathryn E. , Leonard Rachel , Wetterneck Chad , Smith Brad , Farrell Nicholas , Riemann Bradley C. , Frederick David A. , Schaumberg Katherine , Klump Kelly L. , Anderson Drew A. , Thompson J. Kevin 
Published: November 2018

AbstractObjectiveEvidence suggests that eating disorders (EDs) may be under‐detected in males. Commonly used measures of EDs such as the Eating Disorder Examination‐Questionnaire (EDE‐Q) were initially developed within female samples, raising concern regarding the extent to which these instruments may be appropriate for detecting EDs in males. The current study used receiver operating characteristic curve analysis to (a) examine the accuracy of the EDE‐Q global score in correctly classifying males with and without clinically significant ED pathology, and (b) establish the optimal EDE‐Q global clinical cutoff for males.MethodParticipants were a clinical sample of 245 male ED patients and a control sample of 205 male undergraduates.ResultsEating Disorder Examination‐Questionnaire global scores demonstrated moderate‐high accuracy in predicting ED status (area under the curve = 0.85, 95% CI: 0.82–0.89). The optimal cutoff of 1.68 yielded a sensitivity of 0.77 and specificity of 0.77.DiscussionOverall, results provide preliminary support for the discriminant validity of EDE‐Q scores among males. However, concerns remain regarding the measure's ability to comprehensively assess domains of disordered eating most relevant to males. Therefore, careful attention to the possibility for measurement bias and continued evaluation of the scale in males is encouraged.