bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Effect of Shoe and Surface Stiffness on Lower Limb Tendon Strain in Jumping
Authors: FIRMINGER COLIN R. , BRUCE OLIVIA L. , WANNOP JOHN W. , STEFANYSHYN DARREN J. , EDWARDS W. BRENT 
Published: April 2019

ABSTRACT

Background
Tendinopathies are painful overuse injuries observed in athletes participating in jumping sports. These injuries are heavily dependent on the resulting strain from the applied mechanical load. Therefore, mechanisms to reduce tendon strain may represent a primary prevention strategy to reduce the incidence of tendinopathy.

Purpose
The purpose of this study was to examine the effect of shoe and surface stiffness on Achilles and patellar tendon strains during jumping. We hypothesized that less stiff shoes and surfaces would reduce Achilles and patellar tendon strains during jumping.

Methods
Thirty healthy male basketball players performed countermovement jumps in three shoes and on three surfaces with different stiffness properties while motion capture, force platform, and jump height data were collected. Magnetic resonance imaging was used to obtain participant-specific tendon morphology, and a combined dynamometry/ultrasound/electromyography session was used to obtain tendon material properties. Finally, a musculoskeletal model was used to estimate tendon strains in each surface and shoe combination.

Results
Achilles tendon strains during landing were reduced by 5.3% in the least stiff shoe compared with the stiffest shoe (P = 0.021) likely due to in bending stiffness altering the center of pressure location. Furthermore, Achilles tendon strains during landing were 5.7% and 8.1% lower on the stiffest surface compared with the least stiff and middle stiffness surfaces, respectively (P ≤ 0.047), because of changes in ground reaction force magnitude and center of pressure location. No effects of shoe stiffness or surface construction were observed for jump height (P > 0.243) or peak patellar tendon strains (P > 0.259).

Conclusions
Changes to shoe stiffness and surface construction can alter Achilles tendon strains without affecting jump performance in athletes.
Antimicrobial action, pH, and tissue dissolution capacity of 2.5% sodium hypochlorite gel and solution
Authors: Luz Luciana Batista , Santana Ruth , Prates Amanda Westphal , Froelich Julia , De Melo Tiago André Fontoura , Montagner Francisco , Luisi Simone Bonato 
Published: April 2019

Introduction: The aim of this study was to evaluate antimicrobial action, pH, and tissue dissolution capacity of 2.5% sodium hypochlorite (NaOCl) gel and solution. Methods: The 2.5% NaOCl gel was produced from a colloidal base. The test groups included 2.5% NaOCl gel and solution and the control groups included gel base and distilled water. The antimicrobial activity was evaluated by the broth dilution technique against Enterococcus faecalis (ATCC 29212) at 15 and 30 seconds and at 1, 5, and 10 minutes. To evaluate tissue dissolution capacity, 30 pulp fragments of bovine incisors were weighed, 10 for each test group and 5 for each control group before and after exposure to the chemical auxiliaries. The final mass percentage of each fragment was calculated. The pH of the substances was measured in triplicate through a digital pH meter. Results: pH levels of 13.08 and 9.75 were observed for 2.5% NaOCl solution and gel, respectively. The antimicrobial action of 2.5% NaOCl was the same for both solution and gel, for all tested times. The 2.5% NaOCl solution group showed higher tissue dissolution capacity (Kruskal-Wallis and Student-Newman-Keuls tests P<0.0001). Conclusions: The type of medium, either solution or gel, containing 2.5% NaOCl did not influence the antimicrobial action at any of the tested times. However, 2.5% NaOCl gel did not present tissue dissolution capacity.
Saliva contamination effects at different application steps on bond strength of total etch two-step adhesive
Authors: Souza Lidiane Costa de , Rodrigues Nara Sousa , Aquino Elizeu Ytalo Pereira , Melo Mary Anne Sampaio , Cunha Diana Araújo , Saboia Vicente de Paulo Aragão 
Published: April 2019

Introduction: there are clinical situations in the management of cavities favorable to saliva contamination. Human saliva is a complex mixture of oral fluids and it has been showed that the protein content of the saliva is responsible for the decrease in adhesive bond strength when contamination has occurred. Objective: this study aimed to evaluate the effect of saliva contamination during different steps of application of adhesive system on bond strength of total etch two-step adhesive system. Methods: twenty-five extracted human molars were ground flat to expose occlusal dentin. The bonding system and composite resins were applied to the dentin after etching step under five conditions (n=5/group): G1: control group–no contamination; G2: etching/ contamination/dry/adhesive system application; G3: etching/contamination/wash/dry/adhesive system application; G4: etching/adhesive system application/contamination/wash/dry/adhesive system re-application; and G5: etching/adhesive system application/contamination/dry. Microtensile bond strength was tested after specimens were stored in distilled water at 37ºC for 24h. Data (mean values -μTBS) were analyzed by ANOVA one-way and Tukey tests (α=5%), respectively. Results: groups G2, G3 and G4 revealed bond strength similar to the control (G1). Group G5 showed significantly lower bond strengths than other groups (p<0.001). Conclusion: the total- etch two-step adhesive tolerated salivary contamination except when the contamination occurred after application of the bond and it was only removed with an air jet and adhesive system was not reapplied.
Memanusiawikan Pelaku Homoseks (Resensi Buku)
Authors: Ma'rufah Yuni 
Published: April 2019

Judul Buku: Memberi Suara pada yang BisuPenulis: Dr. Dede OetomoPengantar: Ben AndersonPenerbit: Galang Press, Yogyakarta, 2001Tebal: xliv + 348 halaman
Tips Menanggulangi Sakit Menstruasi & Info Penting Khusus Wanita (Book Review)
Authors: Khusniwati Dwi Rina 
Published: April 2019

Judul Buku : Menstruasi Tanpa Rasa Sakit.Penulis : Dr. Athif Lammadhah.Penerjemah : H. Ahmad Rivai Usman, LC.Judul Asli : al-Daurah al-Syahrivah bila Alam.Editor : Abu KafilaVolume : xvi + 112 halaman.Penerbit : Pusataka al-Kautsar, Jakarta Timur.Cetakan : Cetakan I, November 2006
Automatisierte Inbetriebnahme von Industriellen IoT-Systemen in der Prozessautomatisierung: Eine Referenzarchitektur
Authors: Burger Andreas , Platenius-Mohr Marie , Koziolek Heiko 
Published: April 2019

Zusammenfassung
Die Inbetriebnahme von Prozessleitsystemen ist heutzutage teuer und umständlich, da ein hoher manueller Aufwand nötig ist. Durch den Trend zu Industrie 4.0 und IIoT sind bereits eine Vielzahl industrieller Standards verfügbar, auf deren Basis herstellerunabhängige selbstkonfigurierende Geräte („Plug-and-Produce“ (PnP)) realisiert werden können, die den Aufwand der Inbetriebnahme verringern. In diesem Papier stellen wir eine auf solchen Standards basierende Referenzarchitektur für IIoT-Prozessautomatisierungssysteme vor. Die Eckpfeiler der Architektur sind (i) die Verwendung modellbasierter Beschreibungen basierend auf PLCopen für gesteuerte Geräte, (ii) die Spezifikation eines PnP-Dienstes, der das Abstimmen der Konfigurationen von Steuereinheit (engl. Controller) und Feldgeräten entkoppelt und hierzu auf OPC UA Pub/Sub zurückgreift sowie (iii) die Verwendung von Technologien für selbstkonfigurierende Netzwerke. Weiterhin diskutieren wir zukünftige Forschungsherausforderungen, die auf der vorgeschlagenen Architektur aufbauen.
Application of a multi-disciplinary design approach in a mechatronic engineering toolchain
Authors: Li Huaxia , Zou Minjie , Hogrefe Georg , Ryashentseva Daria , Sollfrank Michael , Koltun Gennadiy , Vogel-Heuser Birgit 
Published: April 2019

Abstract
Due to the increasing integration of different disciplines, the complexity in the development of mechatronic production systems is growing. To address this issue, a multi-disciplinary design approach has been proposed, which follows the model-based systems engineering (MBSE) architecture and integrates the interdisciplinary modeling approach SysML4Mechatronics. In this article, the applicability of this approach in the machine and plant manufacturing domain is demonstrated using five use cases. These use cases are derived from industry and are demonstrated in a lab-sized production plant. The results of the application show that the approach can completely fulfil the proposed industrial requirements, namely interdisciplinary modeling, comprehensibility of system modeling, reusability of the modeling components, coupling different engineering models and checking data consistency.
“Do you understand these charges?”: How procedural communication in youth criminal justice court violates the rights of young offenders in Canada
Authors: Suri Tara 
Published: April 2019

Abstract
This paper considers Canada’s young offenders in the context from which they enter the youth criminal courtroom. To determine how youth criminal justice courts violate the Canadian Youth Criminal Justice Act (YCJA), this analysis relates said context to several phenomena, including legal linguistics, oral language competency, literacy, communicative competency, non-verbal communication, the physical structure of youth courtrooms, and legal translation (Government of Canada eds. 2018. Youth criminal justice act. Ottawa: Government of Canada.). As a result of the standards of procedural communication upheld by the Canadian criminal justice system, young people’s rights, including the right to be respected regardless of cultural, ethnic, or linguistic differences, the right to be heard and to participate in proceedings, the right to be sentenced meaningfully, the right to privacy, and the right to be tried in a timely manner are abused in the youth criminal courtroom. Although insufficient structures of procedural communication cause these issues and are beyond the control of counsel, defense counsel are often blamed for their effects. Legal professionals must make important adjustments such as altering the formal speech required in youth criminal courtrooms, employing legal professionals with the role of translating legal jargon to young people in the courtroom, and closing youth courtrooms off from the public to reduce the YCJA violations occurring in youth criminal justice court. These adjustments are ultimately the responsibility of the Canadian criminal justice system.
Features of the Structure and Physical-Chemical Properties of Poly-Ortho-Toluidine Doped with Toluenesulfonic Acid
Authors: Stepura A.L. , Aksimentyeva O.I. , Demchenko P.Yu. 
Published: April 2019

Features of crystal structure, electrical conductivity and thermal stability of poly-ortho-toluidine (PoTi) samples, obtained with method of oxidative polymerization in the environment of sulfuric and toluenesulfonic acids (TSA), were investigated. It was discovered that PoTi-TSA samples are characterized withhigh crystallinity. According to the physico-chemical analysis, doping samples with TSA causes increase of PoTi thermal stability, electrical conductivity and sensor sensitivity on the contrary to samples doped with sulfuric acid. Based on temperature dependence of specific resistance, were calculated the values of the conductivity activation energy, which are within the limits of 0.2-0.4 eV depending on the type of dopant.
Gestational Age, Birth Weight, and Outcomes Six Years After the Norwood Procedure
Authors: Miller Thomas A. , Ghanayem Nancy S. , Newburger Jane W. , McCrindle Brian W. , Hu Chenwei , DeWitt Aaron G. , Cnota James F. , Tractenberg Felicia L. , Pemberton Victoria L. , Wolf Michael J. , Votava-Smith Jodie K. , Fifer Carlen G. , Lambert Linda M. , Shah Amee , Graham Eric M. , Pizarro Christian , Jacobs Jeffrey P. , Miller Stephen G. , Minich L. LuAnn ,   for the Pediatric Heart Network Investigators
Published: April 2019

BACKGROUND:Preterm delivery and low birth weight (LBW) are generally associated with worse outcomes in hypoplastic left heart syndrome (HLHS), but an individual preterm or small neonate may do well. We sought to explore the interactions between gestational age, birth weight, and birth weight for gestational age with intermediate outcomes in HLHS.METHODS:We analyzed survival, growth, neurodevelopment, length of stay, and complications to age 6 years in subjects with HLHS from the Single Ventricle Reconstruction trial. Univariate and multivariable survival and regression analyses examined the effects and interactions of LBW (&lt;2500 g), weight for gestational age, and gestational age category.RESULTS:Early-term delivery (n = 234) was more common than term (n = 219) delivery. Small for gestational age (SGA) was present in 41% of subjects, but only 14% had LBW. Preterm, compared with term, delivery was associated with an increased risk of death or transplant at age 6 years (all: hazard ratio = 2.58, confidence interval = 1.43–4.67; Norwood survivors: hazard ratio = 1.96, confidence interval = 1.10–3.49) independent of LBW and weight for gestational age. Preterm delivery, early-term delivery, LBW, and SGA were each associated with lower weight at 6 years. Neurodevelopmental outcomes were worst in the LBW cohort.CONCLUSIONS:Preterm delivery in HLHS was associated with worse survival, even beyond Norwood hospitalization. LBW, SGA, and early-term delivery were associated with worse growth but not survival. LBW was associated with worse neurodevelopment, despite similar length of stay and complications. These data suggest that preterm birth and LBW (although often concomitant) are not equivalent, impacting clinical outcomes through mechanisms independent of perioperative course complexity.
Long-term trends in Neisseria gonorrhoeae and Chlamydia trachomatis prevalence among brothel-based female sex workers in Denpasar, Bali, Indonesia
Authors: Wirawan Dewa Nyoman , Rowe Emily , Silfanus Fonny , Pidari Putri , Satriani Gusti Ayu , Suyetna Dewa 
Published: April 2019

Abstract: The objective of this study is to analyze the long-term trends of Neisseria gonorrhoeae (NG) and Chlamydia trachomatis (CT) infections and risk factors among female sex workers (FSW) in Denpasar, Bali, Indonesia. In order to understand the long-term trends, secondary data was examined from the years 1997-1999, 2004, 2007, 2009 and 2010; to analyze associated factors, data from 2010 was used.Â Analysis indicates an overall decrease of NG prevalence in Bali from 60.5% (95%CI: 56.6-64.5) in 1997 to 22% (95%CI: 16.8-27.1) in 2010. CT prevalence has also experienced a long term decline but not to the same degree as NG. Findings from analysis of surveys in 2004 and 2010 indicate that there is a strong relationship between condom use in the last sexual transaction with NG infection (p=0.02), duration of sex work (p=0.02), number of clients in the last week (p=0.01), clinic visit intervals and clinic visit frequency. CT prevalence was associated with the number of clients (p=0.04) and clinic visit frequency. Unfortunately, these were the only variables collected therefore a multivariate analysis was not possible. High prevalence of both GN and CT is associated with the high mobility of FSW and low condom use. There is a significant long-term decrease of NG prevalence from 60.5% to 22%. However, CT experienced an insignificant long term decrease from 41.3% to 35%.
Analisis faktor-faktor yang berhubungan dengan keberadaan jentik Aedes aegypti di Puskesmas III Denpasar Selatan
Authors: Ekaputra Ida Bagus , Ani Luh Seri , Suastika Ketut 
Published: April 2019

Abstrak: Puskesmas III Denpasar Selatan merupakan salah satu wilayah endemis Demam Berdarah Dengue (DBD) di Kota Denpasar, Provinsi Bali. Angka kesakitan DBD tergolong tinggi (>55 per 100.000 penduduk), sedangkan Angka Bebas Jentik (ABJ) rendah (<95%). Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui hubungan antara pengetahuan, sikap, perilaku tentang pemberantasan sarang nyamuk DBD (PSN DBD) dan kesehatan lingkungan masyarakat dengan keberadaan jentik nyamuk Aedes aegypti (Ae. aegypti) pada rumah tangga di wilayah kerja Puskesmas III Denpasar Selatan. Penelitian dilakukan secara cross sectional pada 147 rumah tangga, yang dipilih secara systematic random sampling dari 5781 rumah tangga. Responden adalah kepala keluarga. Variabel independen adalah pengetahuan, sikap, perilaku dan kesehatan lingkungan, sedangkan variabel dependen adalah keberadaan jentik nyamuk Ae. aegypti. Data dikumpulkan dengan wawancara tatap muka secara individual bertempat di rumah responden dengan menggunakan kuesioner dan observasi. Analisis data dilakukan secara univariat, bivariatÂ dan multivariat. Hasil analisis menunjukkan ABJ=87,1%. Variabel yang berhubungan dengan keberadaan jentik adalah perilaku (PR=17,89, 95%CI: 4,99-64,11) dan kesehatan lingkungan (PR=7,08, 95%CI: 2,48-20,23). Analisis multivariat menunjukkan bahwa variabel perilaku lebih berpengaruh (PR=11,60, 95%CI: 2,98-45,13). Faktor pengetahuan dan sikap tidak berhubungan secara statistik. Dapat disimpulkan bahwa upaya perubahan perilaku yang mendukung PSN DBD masih diperlukan. Puskesmas perlu meningkatkan promosi kesehatan tentang bahaya DBD dan cara pencegahannya, koordinasi dengan lintas sektor terkait dan kinerja juru pemantau jentik (jumantik) untuk meningkatkan perilaku PSN rumah tangga, sehingga terjadi peningkatan ABJ dan penurunan Angka Kesakitan DBD.
Trends in HIV Prevalence, Condom Use and Associated Factors among Female Sex Workers in Denpasar, Bali, Indonesia
Authors: Wirawan Dewa Nyoman , Rowe Emily , Suarjaya Made , Armini Luh Putu Sri 
Published: April 2019

Objectives: The purpose of this paper is to review trends of HIV prevalence, condom use and associated risk factors among the female sex workers (FSW) in Denpasar, Bali.Â Methods: To analyze trends of HIV prevalence, surveillance data from 2000-2013 was used. Survey data from 2007 to 2013 was referenced for analysis of condom use trends. Data on associated risk factors was taken from 2012 integrated HIV and behavior survey. Results and conclusion: HIV prevalence among direct FSW in 2000 was as low as 1.6% (95%CI: 0.05-3.15) and continued to rise, reaching a prevalence peak of 22.5% (95%CI: 16.4-26.6) in 2010.Â HIV prevalence began to decline in 2011, 2012 and 2013. Analysis unearthed similar prevalence trends among indirect FSW albeit with a much lower prevalence of 0.25% in 2001, rising to 7.2% in 2010 and declining to 2.2% in 2013. The proportion of direct FSW reporting to always wear condoms in the last working week increased from 38% in 2007 (95%CI: 33.3-42.7) to 65% in 2013 (95%CI: 60.4-69.6). Multivariate analysis with logistic regression indicated that the significant risk factor with HIV prevalence was the specific grouping of FSW, in that low/mid-price are more at risk in comparison to high price with OR=4.37 (95%CI: 1.42-13.38). Risk factors associated with condom use was also the specific group of FSW, high price reported higher condom use with OR=4.04 (95%CI:2.03-8.04) and greater role of sex work site â€˜pimpsâ€™ in encouraging their FSW to reject clients refusing to wear condoms with OR=2.06 (95%CI: 1.29-3.30). HIV prevalence among indirect and high-price direct FSW was much lower compared to prevalence in low/mid-price direct FSW. HIV prevalence and condom use among direct FSW population are significantly associated with group price range and the role of â€˜pimpsâ€™.
Sanitasi Rumah dan Status Gizi sebagai Faktor Risiko Kejadian Tuberkulosis Paru di Puskesmas Karang Taliwang, Mataram, Nusa Tenggara Barat
Authors: Sutiasih Lisa , Wirawan Dewa Nyoman , Sawitri Anak Agung Sagung 
Published: April 2019

Latar belakang dan tujuan: Tuberkulosis (TB) paru merupakan masalah di Kota Mataram khususnya di wilayah Puskesmas Karang Taliwang, dengan angka prevalensi tertinggi selama dua tahun berturut-turut yaitu 294 per 100.000 penduduk (2010) dan 173 per 100.000 penduduk (2011). Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui faktor risiko kejadian penyakit TB paru di wilayah Puskesmas Karang Taliwang Kota Mataram Provinsi Nusa Tenggara Barat.Metode: Disain penelitian adalah case control, dengan 46 kasus dan 92 kontrol. Kasus adalah penderita yang dinyatakan TB paru oleh dokter puskesmas, dan kontrol adalah pasien rawat jalan yang tidak TB paru dan tidak sedang mengalami infeksi saluran pernafasan atas. Faktor risiko kejadian TB paru yang diteliti adalah sanitasi rumah, sosial ekonomi, status gizi,Â paparan asap rokok, penyakit penyerta dan status imunisasi. Data dikumpulkan dengan wawancara, observasi, pengukuran dan tes HIV, dengan menggunakan kuesioner, roll meter, hygrometer, luxmeter, penimbangan berat badan dan mistar. Analisis data secara univariat, bivariat dan multivariat dengan Stata SE 12.1.Hasil: Hasil analisis bivariat menunjukkan bahwa sanitasi rumah (ventilasi, kelembaban,Â pencahayaan, suhu), sosial ekonomi, status gizi dan penyakit penyerta berperan dalam kejadian TB paru. Analisis multivariat menunjukkan faktor risiko yang berperan terhadap kejadian TB paru adalah ventilasi rumah dengan OR=2,87 (95%C: 1,01-8,20), kelembaban rumah dengan OR=3,91 (95%CI: 1,28-11,89), pencahayaan rumah dengan OR=4,46 (95%CI: 1,34-14,85), suhu rumah dengan OR=5,41 (95%CI:Â 1,90-15,39) dan status gizi dengan OR=6,74 (95%CI:Â 2,52-18,02). Kelima variabel tersebut berkontribusi bersama-sama sebesar 48,9% sebagai faktor risiko kejadian TB paru. Simpulan: Variabel yang merupakan faktor risiko terhadap kejadian TB paru di wilayah kerja Puskesmas Karang Taliwang Kota Mataram adalah faktor sanitasi rumah dan status gizi
Hubungan Karakteristik, Pengetahuan dan Sikap Wanita Pasangan Usia Subur dengan Tindakan Pap Smear di Puskesmas Sukawati II, Gianyar
Authors: Martini Martini , Wulandari Luh Putu Lila , Karmaya I Nyoman Mangku 
Published: April 2019

Latar belakang dan tujuan: Cakupan pap smear di Puskesmas Sukawati II Gianyar tahun 2011 hanya 0,39 %Â (17 orang), masih jauh dibawah target kabupaten yaitu 85 persen. Terjadi penurunan dari tahun 2009 (49 orang atau 1,12%) dan 2010(32 orang atau 0,73%). Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui hubungan antara karakteristik, pengetahuan, dan sikapwanitausia subur, termasuk perilakuseksual dengan perilaku pap smear di Puskesmas Sukawati II. Metode: Desain penelitian adalah cross sectional menggunakan 50 sampel wanita pasangan usia subur di wilayah kerja Puskesmas Sukawati II, tidak hamil dan bisa baca tulis. Data dikumpulkan melaluiwawancara dengankuesioner terstruktur dan data sekunderdari catatanpuskesmas. Analisis data meliputi analisisunivariat, bivariat (chi-squared test)dan multivariat (regresi logistik). Hasil: Analisis bivariat menunjukkan ada hubungan antara pendidikan (p=0,006), penghasilan(p=0,024), pengetahuan (p=0,006)dan sikap(p=0,001) dengan pap smear. Analisis multivariatmenunjukkan hanya sikapwanita pasangan usia subur yang berhubungan dengan tindakan pap smear dengan OR=12 (95%CI: 2,31-62,46). Simpulan: Sikap memiliki hubungan signifikan dengan perilaku pemeriksaan pap smear di Puskesmas Sukawati II.