bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Heme Oxygenases1 (Hmox1) and Serum Ferritin Level between Preeclampsia and Normal Pregnancy
Authors: Putra Ridwan A , Effendi Jusuf S , Sabarudin Udin 
Published: October 2018

Objective: To determine the comparison of Hmox-1 to serum
ferritin level between patients with preeclampsia and normal
pregnancy.

Methods: This study used analytic observational with cross
sectional design. We included 30 subjects with preeclampsia and the
other 30 people with normal pregnancy in accordance with
inclusion and exclusion criteria. Examination of Hmox-1 and ferritin
level was performed through ELISA method. The data consisted of
physical and laboratory examination and they would be continued
to the calculation in the statistical analysis.

Results: The average of Hmox-1 level in normal pregnancy and
preeclampsia was 1.2 (SD 1.6) ng/ml and 0.3 (SD 0.2) ng/ml
(p
Incidence and Audit of Treatment on Third and Fourth Grade Perineal Tear
Authors: Santoso, Budi I , Pamungkas Satriyo 
Published: October 2018

Objective: To describe the incidence of 3rd and 4th grade perineal
tear in Dr. Cipto Mangunkusumo hospital on the period of 2011 -
2014 and its compatibility of treatment based on RCOG guidelines.

Methods: Data were collected through medical records on women
who had vaginal delivery in Dr. Cipto Mangunkusumo hospital from
January 2011 to December 2014. This was a descriptive study with
cross sectional design.

Results: The incidence of 3rd and 4th grade perineal tear each year
were 3.55%, 4.35%, 3.95%, and 1.77% consecutively. About 100%
treatment were accompanied by consultant; 3.5% performed in
operating theatre; 90.7% were given postoperative antibiotic;
42.2% were given urinal catheter in 1x24 hour postoperative;
100% were given analgesic. About 61.4% of procedures were not
compatible with RCOG guidelines.

Conclusion: The study showed that the incidence of 3rd and 4th
grade of perineal tear was 3.66% for 4 years and the compliance to
RCOG standard was 38.6%.

[Indones J Obstet Gynecol 2017; 5-1: 35-41]

Keywords: incidence, RCOG, third and fourth grade of perineal tear,
treatment
Neutrophil and Platelet to Lmphocyte Ratio in Ovarian Malignancy
Authors: Utama Francesca , Tendean Hermie , Laihad Bismarck J 
Published: October 2018

Objective: To determine the sensitivity and specificity of neutrophil
- lymphocyte ratio compared with platelet - lymphocyte ratio in
predicting ovarian malignancies.

Methods: This was an observational analytic study with diagnostic
test design on 37 ovarian tumor patients who were planned to
perform laparotomy in Prof. Dr. R.D. Kandou Hospital Manado and
network hospitals in Manado from March to May 2016. We took
blood samples to assess the complete blood count.

Results: During the period, we obtained the mean age of 28.1 years
old (range 18-71 years old). A total of 13 samples showed
malignancy which the cystadenocarcinoma mucinosum (27.0%) as
the most common histopathological types. Sensitivity and specificity
value of neutrophil - lymphocyte ratio were 92.3% and 95.8% with
2.47 as the cut-off point. Meanwhile, the sensitivity and specificity
of platelet - lymphocyte ratio were 61.5% and 75.0% with 152.86
as cut-off point.

Conclusion: Both neutrophil - lymphocyte ratio and platelet -
lymphocyte ratio are associated with ovarian malignancy. The
sensitivity and specificity of neutrophil - platelet ratio show better
prediction for ovarian malignancies.

[Indones J Obstet Gynecol 2017; 5-1: 55-59]

Keywords: neutrophil - lymphocyte ratio, ovarian cancer, platelet -
lymphocyte ratio
Iron Deficiency Anemia, Cystitis, and Bacterial Vaginosis Increase the Risk for Developing Preterm Labor
Authors: Sumampouw Janet , Suwiyoga I Ketut , Negara Ketut S. 
Published: October 2018

Objective: To prove the association of iron deficiency anemia, cystitis, and bacterial vaginosis as risk factors for preterm labor.Methods: This study was an observational case-control study conducted at the Polyclinic and IRD of Obstetrics and Gynecology Sanglah Denpasar General Hospital Center between September and December 2015. The sample selection was done by consecutive sampling with total sample as many as 35 case samples (women with preterm pregnancy) and 35 control samples (women with aterm pregnancy).Results: Pregnant mothers with iron deficiency anemia had 4 fold increased risk of developing preterm labor (OR = 4.04, 95% CI = 1.15 to 14.16, p = 0.023) compared to those without iron deficiency anemia. Pregnant mothers with cystitis had 4 fold increased risk of preterm labor (OR = 4.00, 95% CI = 1.25 to 12.80, p = 0.016) compared to those without cystitis. Pregnant mothers with bacterial vaginosis had 3 fold increased risk of preterm frequency (OR = 3.24, 95% CI = 1.22 to 8.63, p = 0.017) compared to those without bacterial vaginosis.Conclusion: Iron deficiency anemia, cystitis, and bacterial vaginosis increase the risk for developing preterm labor.[Indones J Obstet Gynecol 2017; 5-2: 73-76]Keywords: bacterial vaginosis, cystitis, iron deficiency anemia, preterm labor
L’Algérie s’intègre dans l’Empire
Authors: Ravenel Bernard 
Published: October 2018

L’évolution et la nature des rapports qui s’établissent entre les Etats-Unis et l’Algérie depuis le début des années 90 constituent un exemple « paradigmatique » du changement des relations stratégiques qui s’opère dans le monde depuis l’effondrement du système soviétique.
Computationally Designed Bispecific MD2/CD14 Binding Peptides Show TLR4 Agonist Activity
Authors: Michaeli Amit , Mezan Shaul , Kühbacher Andreas , Finkelmeier Doris , Elias Maayan , Zatsepin Maria , Reed Steven G. , Duthie Malcolm S. , Rupp Steffen , Lerner Immanuel , Burger-Kentischer Anke 
Published: October 2018

Abstract
Toll-like receptor 4 plays an important role in the regulation of the innate and adaptive immune response. The majority of TLR4 activators currently in clinical use are derivatives of its prototypic ligand LPS. The discovery of innovative TLR4 activators has the potential of providing new therapeutic immunomodulators and adjuvants. We used computational design methods to predict and optimize a total of 53 cyclic and linear peptides targeting myeloid differentiation 2 (MD2) and cluster of differentiation 14 (CD14), both coreceptors of human TLR4. Activity of the designed peptides was first assessed using NF-κB reporter cell lines expressing either TLR4/MD2 or TLR4/CD14 receptors, then binding to CD14 and MD2 confirmed and quantified using MicroScale Thermophoresis. Finally, we incubated select peptides in human whole blood and observed their ability to induce cytokine production, either alone or in synergy with LPS. Our data demonstrate the advantage of computational design for the discovery of new TLR4 peptide activators with little structural resemblance to known ligands and indicate an efficient strategy with which to identify TLR4 targeting peptides that could be used as easy-to-produce alternatives to LPS-derived molecules in a variety of settings.
The End of the Binary Era: Revisiting the Spectrum of Tuberculosis
Authors: Lin Philana Ling , Flynn JoAnne L. 
Published: October 2018

AbstractHuman Mycobacterium tuberculosis infection was thought to result in either active symptomatic tuberculosis (TB) or latent asymptomatic infection. It is now clear that this binary classification is insufficient to describe the myriad of infection outcomes. In active TB, symptomatic disease can be mild to severe, with a range of lung and thoracic lymph node involvement or extrapulmonary manifestations. Most humans control the infection and develop latent TB infection, with differential risks of reactivation to active TB. However, some frequently exposed persons appear to be resistant to infection, whereas others may initially become infected yet subsequently eliminate all bacilli. The immunologic factors influencing these varied outcomes are still not clear, but likely involve a range of different responses. In this article, we review the data supporting the spectrum of M. tuberculosis infection in humans as well as data in nonhuman primates that allow dissection of the immune responses leading to the varied outcomes of infection.
Emissions from village cookstoves in Haryana, India, and their potential impacts on air quality
Authors: Fleming Lauren T. , Weltman Robert , Yadav Ankit , Edwards Rufus D. , Arora Narendra K. , Pillarisetti Ajay , Meinardi Simone , Smith Kirk R. , Blake Donald R. , Nizkorodov Sergey A. 
Published: October 2018

Abstract. Air quality in rural India is impacted by residential cooking and heating
with biomass fuels. In this study, emissions of CO, CO2, and
76 volatile organic compounds (VOCs) and fine particulate matter (PM2.5)
were quantified to better understand the relationship between cook fire
emissions and ambient ozone and secondary organic aerosol (SOA) formation.
Cooking was carried out by a local cook, and traditional dishes were prepared
on locally built chulha or angithi cookstoves using
brushwood or dung fuels. Cook fire emissions were collected throughout the
cooking event in a Kynar bag (VOCs) and on polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE)
filters (PM2.5). Gas samples were transferred from a Kynar bag to
previously evacuated stainless-steel canisters and analyzed using gas
chromatography coupled to flame ionization, electron capture, and mass
spectrometry detectors. VOC emission factors were calculated from the
measured mixing ratios using the carbon-balance method, which assumes that
all carbon in the fuel is converted to CO2, CO, VOCs, and
PM2.5 when the fuel is burned. Filter samples were weighed to calculate
PM2.5 emission factors. Dung fuels and angithi cookstoves
resulted in significantly higher emissions of most VOCs (p<0.05).
Utilizing dung–angithi cook fires resulted in twice as much of the
measured VOCs compared to dung–chulha and 4 times as much as
brushwood–chulha, with 84.0, 43.2, and 17.2 g measured
VOC kg−1 fuel carbon, respectively. This matches expectations, as the
use of dung fuels and angithi cookstoves results in lower modified
combustion efficiencies compared to brushwood fuels and chulha
cookstoves. Alkynes and benzene were exceptions and had significantly higher
emissions when cooking using a chulha as opposed to an
angithi with dung fuel (for example, benzene emission factors were
3.18 g kg−1 fuel carbon for dung–chulha and
2.38 g kg−1 fuel carbon for dung–angithi). This study
estimated that 3 times as much SOA and ozone in the maximum incremental
reactivity (MIR) regime may be produced from dung–chulha as opposed
to brushwood–chulha cook fires. Aromatic compounds dominated as SOA
precursors from all types of cook fires, but benzene was responsible for the
majority of SOA formation potential from all chulha cook fire VOCs,
while substituted aromatics were more important for dung–angithi.
Future studies should investigate benzene exposures from different stove and
fuel combinations and model SOA formation from cook fire VOCs to verify
public health and air quality impacts from cook fires.
Reduced carbon cycle resilience across the Palaeocene–Eocene Thermal Maximum
Authors: Armstrong McKay David I. , Lenton Timothy M. 
Published: October 2018

Abstract. Several past episodes of rapid carbon cycle and climate change are
hypothesised to be the result of the Earth system reaching a tipping point
beyond which an abrupt transition to a new state occurs. At the
Palaeocene–Eocene Thermal Maximum (PETM) at ∼56 Ma and at subsequent
hyperthermal events, hypothesised tipping points involve the abrupt transfer
of carbon from surface reservoirs to the atmosphere. Theory suggests that
tipping points in complex dynamical systems should be preceded by critical
slowing down of their dynamics, including increasing temporal autocorrelation
and variability. However, reliably detecting these indicators in
palaeorecords is challenging, with issues of data quality, false positives,
and parameter selection potentially affecting reliability. Here we show that
in a sufficiently long, high-resolution palaeorecord there is consistent
evidence of destabilisation of the carbon cycle in the ∼1.5 Myr prior
to the PETM, elevated carbon cycle and climate instability following both the
PETM and Eocene Thermal Maximum 2 (ETM2), and different drivers of carbon
cycle dynamics preceding the PETM and ETM2 events. Our results indicate a
loss of “resilience” (weakened stabilising negative feedbacks and greater
sensitivity to small shocks) in the carbon cycle before the PETM and in the
carbon–climate system following it. This pre-PETM carbon cycle
destabilisation may reflect gradual forcing by the contemporaneous North
Atlantic Volcanic Province eruptions, with volcanism-driven warming
potentially weakening the organic carbon burial feedback. Our results are
consistent with but cannot prove the existence of a tipping point for abrupt
carbon release, e.g. from methane hydrate or terrestrial organic carbon
reservoirs, whereas we find no support for a tipping point in deep ocean
temperature.
Las Matemáticas en sus relaciones con la prosperidad de los Estados.
Authors: Del Valle José Cecilio 
Published: October 2018

El discurso Las matemáticas en sus relaciones con la prosperidad de los Estados fue pronunciado por del Valle en la Ciudad de Guatemala el 16 de mayo de 1831 en ocasión de inaugurarse un curso de matemáticas. Este es sin duda uno de los escritos más importantes de este célebre sabio centroamericano. Es un escrito representativo del pensamiento ilustrado centroamericano que busca el progreso individual y social basado en la razón, bajo la convicción de que la humanidad se dirige a niveles desconocidos de progreso y perfeccionamiento a partir del conocimiento del hombre, la sociedad y la naturaleza. Todo esto por medio del desarrollo de las ciencias naturales, sociales y humanas en las cuales la matemática es fundamental.Afirma Valle “No hay ciencias inútiles. Todas hacen bienes grandes al género humano. Pero las matemáticas son las que ayudan a producirlas”. Este discurso trata precisamente del impacto de las matemáticas en todos los ámbitos de la vida. Entrenan al ser humano a pensar con exactitud, son la herramienta fundamental para conocer la naturaleza; desarrollar la ciencia de la riqueza; calcular los bienes y los males en las decisiones políticas; calcular el bien de los pueblos en materia de legislación; calcular la utilidad o el dolor en las decisiones morales; desarrollar las artes militares y evitar derramamientos de sangre innecesarios; asegurar la libertad de los pueblos. Al desarrollo de las matemáticas también se les puede atribuir una inﬂuencia enorme para que la filosofía y las humanidades discurrieran con rigor. Este maravilloso escrito da lecciones sobre la importancia de las matemáticas en el desarrollo de los pueblos, más allá de las ciencias naturales donde estamos acostumbrados a pensar en su utilidad. Por ello constituye una estrategia de desarrollo muy vigente en la actualidad.Revista de Humanidades y Ciencias Sociales, n° 8, julio-diciembre 2016: 173-186
CONDIÇÕES TÍPICAS DE VENTO SOBRE A REGIÃO MARINHA ADJACENTE À COSTA DO ESPÍRITO SANTO
Authors: Oliveira Kyssyanne Samihra Santos , Quaresma Valéria Da Silva 
Published: October 2018

Este estudo visa à caracterização das condições predominantes de direção e velocidade do vento sobre a região marinha adjacente à costa do Espírito Santo, bem como a construção de cenários típicos de vento para esta região sob a ação da Alta Subtropical do Atlântico Sul, dos Sistemas Transientes e da Zona de Convergência do Atlântico Sul. Os resultados mostraram que sob a atuação da Alta Subtropical do Atlântico Sul, ventos de norte (nordeste e leste) foram mais frequentes nas regiões mais próxima (distante da) da costa e no sul (norte) da área de estudo. Sob a atuação de Sistemas Transientes, as maiores frequências foram encontradas no setor central para ventos de sul, no setor norte para ventos de sudeste, e no setor sul para ventos de sudoeste. Durante a atuação da ZCAS, ventos de sul, sudeste e sudoeste foram predominantes, enquanto ventos de norte, nordeste e leste foram dominantes nos períodos pré-ZCAS e pós-ZCAS. Os achados deste estudo irão contribuir para o melhor entendimento da interação oceano-atmosfera na região marinha adjacente à costa do Espírito Santo.
n. 16 - A ABORDAGEM DO CICLO DE POLÍTICAS: EXPLORANDO ALGUNS DESAFIOS DA SUA UTILIZAÇÃO NO CAMPO DA POLÍTICA EDUCACIONAL
Authors: Mainardes Jefferson 
Published: October 2018

A abordagem do ciclo de políticas, formulada pelo sociólogo inglês Stephen J. Ball e colaboradores, tem sido bastante empregada por pesquisadores de Política Educacional, políticas curriculares, entre outros campos. O artigo tem por objetivo apresentar alguns desafios da utilização dessa abordagem, definidos a partir da leitura e da análise de trabalhos que a utilizam. O trabalho apresenta também uma síntese da abordagem do ciclo de políticas e da teoria da atuação (theory of policy enactment) e ainda uma análise do uso da abordagem do ciclo de políticas no Brasil.
Potentiometric detection of low-levels of sulfamethazine in milk and pharmaceutical formulations using novel plastic membrane sensors
Authors: Hassan Saad S. M. , Kamel Ayman H. , Elbehery Nada H. A. 
Published: October 2018

Novel potentiometric sensors for selective screening of sulfamethazine (SMZ) in pharmaceutical preparations and milk samples are reported. The sensor membranes were made from PVC matrix doped with magnesium(II)-, manganese(II)- and dichlorotin (IV)-phthalocyanines as ionophores and aliquat-336 and nitron/SMZ ion-pair complex as ion exchangers. These sensors revealed fast, stable and near-Nernstian anionic response for the singly charged sulfamethazine anion over the concentration range 10-2 - 10-5 M. The sensors exhibited good selectivity towards SMZ over most known anions, excipients and diluents commonly added in drug preparations. Validation of the proposed methods was demonstrated via evaluating the detection limit, linear response range, accuracy, precision (within-day repeatability) and between-day-variability. The sensors are easily interfaced with a double channel flow injection system and used for continuous monitoring of SMZ in drug formulations, spiked milk samples and biological tissues. The method offers the advantages of design simplicity, results accuracy, and automation feasibility.
Capillary Electrophoresis with Laser Induced Fluorescence Detection for Study of the Association of HSP60 Gene Polymorphism with Gouty Arthritis
Authors: Ren Dongxia , Fan Min , Sun Chengjun , Zhou Chen , Li Yongxin 
Published: October 2018

Abstract
Background: Gout arthritis is a common inflammatory arthritis and it poses a major threat to human health. Objective: A method of capillary electrophoresis with laser-induced fluorescence detection (CE-LIF) for the detection of HSP60 gene polymorphism has been developed and applied to the exploration of correlation between gouty arthritis and HSP60 gene polymorphism. Methods: The genomic deoxyribonucleic acid from 59 patients with gouty arthritis and 64 control subjects was extracted and the conservative fragment of HSP60 was amplified. The products were digested with restriction endonuclease NlaIII and then separated and detected by the proposed method. Results: In the case group, there were 7 cases of TT genotype, 29 cases of CC genotype, and 23 cases of CT genotype. In the control group, there were 4 cases of TT genotype, 6 cases of CC genotype, and 54 cases of CT genotype. The detection results of the samples were statistically analyzed by binary logistic regression and Spearman correlation analysis. After adjusting gender, age, and other compounding factors, the TT genotype and CT genotype of the HSP60 gene were found to affect gouty arthritis. Conclusions: When used for gene polymorphism research, the proposed CE-LIF method has the advantages of high efficiency, rapidity, sensitivity, and low sample consumption. A moderate correlation between gouty arthritis and HSP60 genotype distribution was discovered for the first time. Highlights: A new method using CE-LIF for the detection of HSP60 gene polymorphism of 59 patients with gouty arthritis and 64 control subjects in China. The correlation between gouty arthritis and HSP60 gene polymorphism was explored for the first time.
Prediction of bacterial E3 ubiquitin ligase effectors using reduced amino acid peptide fingerprinting
Authors: McDermott Jason , Cort John , Nakayasu Ernesto , Overall Christopher , Adkins Joshua 
Published: October 2018

Background. Although pathogenic Gram-negative bacteria lack their own ubiquitination machinery, they have evolved or acquired virulence effectors that can manipulate the host ubiquitination process through structural and/or functional mimicry of host machinery. Many such effectors have been identified in a wide variety of bacterial pathogens that share little sequence similarity amongst themselves or with eukaryotic ubiquitin E3 ligases.
Methods. To allow identification of novel bacterial E3 ubiquitin ligase effectors from protein sequences we have developed a machine learning approach, the SVM-based Identification and Evaluation of Virulence Effector Ubiquitin ligases (SIEVE-Ub). We extend the string kernel approach used previously to sequence classification by introducing reduced amino acid (RAA) alphabet encoding for protein sequences.
Results. We found that 14mer peptides with amino acids represented as simply either hydrophobic or hydrophilic provided the best models for discrimination of E3 ligases from other effector proteins with a receiver-operator characteristic area under the curve (AUC) of 0.90. When considering a subset of E3 ubiquitin ligase effectors that do not fall into known sequence based families we found that the AUC was 0.82, demonstrating the effectiveness of our method at identifying novel functional family members. Recursive feature elimination was used to identify a parsimonious set of 100 RAA peptides that provided good discrimination, and these peptides were found to be located in functionally important regions of the proteins involved in E2 and host target protein binding.Our general approach enables construction of models based on other effector functions. We used SIEVE-Ub to predict seven potential novel E3 ligases from a large set of bacterial genomes. SIEVE-Ub is available for download at https://github.com/biodataganache/SIEVE-Ub
Enhanced Second Harmonic Generation in Double‐Resonance Colloidal Metasurfaces
Authors: Zeng Yuan , Qian Haoliang , Rozin Matthew J. , Liu Zhaowei , Tao Andrea R. 
Published: October 2018

AbstractA key challenge for optical circuits is the ability to integrate nonlinear optical signal processing components such as optical modulators and frequency mixers at the chip scale. Optical antennas that focus light into nanoscale volumes can be utilized to shrink the footprint and increase the efficiency of these components. Multiresonant antennas that enhance both optical absorption and emission process are recently demonstrated to enable efficient nonlinear frequency conversion at the nanoscale and are promising as structures for second harmonic generation (SHG) and upconversion. Here, the ability of colloidal metasurfaces fabricated by self‐assembly as on‐chip platforms for enhanced SHG is demonstrated. These metasurfaces exhibit high spatial overlap of multiple surface plasmon modes whose frequencies can be independently tuned through appropriate design of colloidal and metasurface geometries. It is demonstrated that these bottom‐up structures rival lithographic nonlinear optical antennas in SHG efficiency, suggesting the potential for these colloidal metasurfaces in integrated on‐chip architectures.