bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Luminosity in the stream of consciousness
Authors: Jenkins David 
Published: May 2018

AbstractWilliamson’s (Knowledge and its limits, Oxford University Press, Oxford, 2000, Chapter 4) “anti-luminosity” argument aims to establish that there are no significant luminousconditions. “Far from forming a cognitive home”, luminous conditions are mere “curiosities” (2000, p. 109). Even supposing Williamson’s argument succeeds in showing that there are no significant luminousstateshis conclusion has not thereby been established. When it comes to determining what is luminous, mentaleventsandprocessesare among the best candidates. It is events and processes, after all, which constitute the stream of consciousness. Judgment, for instance, is plausibly self-conscious. If I am judging then plausibly I must know that I am. Similarly, deliberation is plausibly self-conscious. To be deliberating about some matter I plausibly must know that I am.That one is judgingandthat one is deliberatingare thus plausibly luminous conditions. Furthermore, I argue, Williamson’s anti-luminosity argument fails to speak against this suggestion. This reveals that Williamson’s argument is more limited in scope than has been thought—something likely missed due to a misplaced focus on mental states in the luminosity debate as well as in epistemology and the philosophy of mind more generally. For all Williamson shows, there may be luminous events and processes of a sort apt to constitute a cognitive home. I conclude by considering how the anti-luminosity argument might be reinstated in the judgment case and argue that the natural way to do so fails.
Perspective and Logical Pluralism in Hegel
Authors: Yeomans Christopher 
Published: May 2018

AbstractIn this paper, I consider the role of perspective in Hegel’s metaphysics, and in particular the role that multiple perspectives play within the ultimate structure in Hegel’s metaphysics, which Hegel calls ‘the idea [die Idee]’. My (somewhat anachronistic) way into this topic will be to inquire about Hegel’s stance on what Adrian Moore has called ‘absolute representations’. I argue for the claim that perspective is maintained, even in the absolute idea, which generates the task of understanding the nature of that perspective and its compatibility with absoluteness. I attempt to accomplish this task by asking what a logical perspective could be, and how it might be related to visual perspective. Then I inquire into the relation that perspectives have to each other, i.e., to the system of perspectives. I construe those relations in reciprocal and dynamic terms, so that absoluteness takes the form of a structured round of perspectives rather than a relation to reality ‘once and for all’.
When is job control most useful for idea championing? Role conflict and psychological contract violation effects
Authors: De Clercq Dirk , Sun Wei , Belausteguigoitia Imanol 
Published: May 2018

AbstractDrawing from conservation of resources theory, this article investigates the relationship between job control (a critical job resource) and idea championing, as well as how this relationship may be augmented by stressful work conditions that can lead to resource losses, such as conflicting work role demands and psychological contract violations. With quantitative data collected from employees of an organization that operates in the chemical sector, this study reveals that job control increases the propensity to champion innovative ideas. This effect is especially salient when employees experience high levels of role conflict and psychological contract violations. For organizations, the results demonstrate that giving employees more control over whether they invest in championing activities will be most beneficial when those employees also face resource-draining work conditions, in the form of either incompatible role expectations or unfilled employer obligations.
REGIONAL DIFFERENCES IN INTELLIGENCE IN EGYPT: A COUNTRY WHERE UPPER IS LOWER
Authors: Dutton Edward , Bakhiet Salaheldin Farah , Ziada Khaled Elsayed , Essa Yossry Ahmed Sayed , Ali Hamada Ali Abdelmuti , Alqafari Shehana Mohammed 
Published: May 2018

SummaryTwo administrations of the Coloured Progressive Matrices in Egypt were compared. The first was administered to a large, representative national sample between 2011 and 2013. The second was administered to primary school pupils in villages in Menoufia in northern Egypt in 2017. Adjusting for the Flynn Effect, the IQ of the rural northern Egyptians was shown to be statistically significantly higher than the national average. It is demonstrated that this is consistent with regional socioeconomic differences in Egypt, which strongly imply that northern Egypt has a higher average IQ than southern Egypt.
The politics of continuity and collusion in Zanzibar: political reconciliation and the establishment of the Government of National Unity
Authors: Roop Sterling , Tronvoll Kjetil , Minde Nicodemus 
Published: May 2018

AbstractThe popularity of unity governments to settle both internal political divisions and outright conflict has grown in the last 20 years. However, more often than not unity governments fail to mitigate the political dynamics baked into the political economies and suffer from being insufficiently anchored in local society. The Government of National Unity (GNU) in Zanzibar, formed in 2010 as the culmination of the ‘maridhiano’ political reconciliation process and following numerous attempts at reconciliation led to initial successes, is a case in point. Zanzibar's GNU turned out to be ‘position’ rather than ‘power’ sharing, constitutionalised through a hybrid format of the politics of continuity and collusion. As such the position sharing system broke down when voters in the 2015 election sought neither continuity nor collusion, but transformational change of governance. This was in turn blocked by veto actors in favour of continuity, resulting in the collapse and discontinuation of the GNU in Zanzibar.
Efficacy of treatment with belladonna in children with severe pallid breath-holding spells
Authors: Gonzalez Corcia M. Cecilia , Bottosso Adrien , Loeckx Isabelle , Mascart Françoise , Dembour Guy , François Geneviève 
Published: May 2018

AbstractIntroductionPallid breath-holding spells are common and dramatic forms of recurrent syncope in infancy. They are very stressful despite their harmless nature and sometimes require treatment.ObjectiveThe objective of this study was to evaluate the efficacy of belladonna in severe breath-holding spells.MethodsThis is a multicentric, retrospective series involving 84 children with severe pallid breath-holding spells. Inclusion criteria were >1 pallid breath-holding spell with loss of consciousness, paediatric cardiology evaluation, and follow-up >6 months. In total, 45 patients received belladonna and 39 patients did not receive treatment, according to physician preference.ResultsMean age was 11 months, ranging from 4 to 18 months, with 54% of males. Mean spell duration was 30 seconds (interquartile range 15, 60), and the frequency was four episodes per month (interquartile range 0.5, 6.5). Comparison of baseline characteristics between groups showed similar demographics, with the single difference in the severity of the spells, being more severe in the treated group. When comparing the treated and non-treated groups at 3 months, only two (5%) patients had a complete remission in the first group, whereas 20 (44%) had remission in the belladonna group (p<0.01). When considering the characteristics of the spells before and after the initiation of treatment with belladonna, 75% of the patients presented a positive response, with 44% of the patients presenting with complete resolution of the spells (p<0.01). No major adverse reaction was reported, with only 5% minor adverse events.ConclusionsBelladonna is highly effective to alleviate severe breath-holding spells in young children, without any major adverse effects.
On the object of archaeology
Authors: Nativ Assaf 
Published: May 2018

AbstractThe paper ponders the object of archaeology, called here ‘the archaeological’. It argues that the existence of such an object is a necessary premise of the field and that ultimately it is on this object that the validity of all claims and arguments must rest. The paper suggests that the archaeological be conceived as a cultural phenomenon that consists in being disengaged from the social, an understanding that positions archaeology as a counterpart to the social sciences and the humanities, rather than a member in the same milieu. The first part of the paper focuses on the position of the archaeological with reference to the concepts of ‘Nature’ and ‘Culture’, which eventually leads us to a confrontation between archaeological statics and the dynamics of the world. Efforts to justify and understand archaeological statics consequently lead to the recognition of a constitutive distinction between buried and non-buried conditions, upon which the differentiation of the archaeological from the social is established.
Wernicke encephalopathy without delirium that appeared as agitation in a patient with lung cancer
Authors: Onishi Hideki , Ishida Mayumi , Takahashi Takao , Taji Yoshitada , Ikebuchi Kenji , Furuya Daisuke , Uchida Nozomu , Akechi Tatsuo 
Published: May 2018

AbstractObjectiveWernicke encephalopathy (WE) is a neuropsychiatric disorder caused by thiamine deficiency, and is sometimes overlooked because of the diversity of clinical symptoms.MethodFrom a series of WE patients with cancer, we report a lung cancer patient who developed WE, the main symptom of which was agitation.ResultA 50-year-old woman with lung cancer was referred to our psycho-oncology clinic because of agitation lasting for three days. No laboratory findings or drugs explaining her agitation were identified. Although the patient did not develop delirium, ophthalmoplegia, or ataxia, WE was suspected because she experienced a loss of appetite loss lasting 5 weeks. This diagnosis was supported by abnormal serum thiamine and disappearance of agitation one hour after intravenous thiamine administration.Significance of resultsThis report emphasizes the clinical diversity of WE and indicates the limits of the ability to diagnose WE from typical clinical symptoms. The presence of a loss of appetite for more than two weeks may be the key to the accurate diagnosis of WE.
Bi-layered/tri-layered bio-media in direct contact with metal diagonal horn for hyperthermia
Authors: Singh Soni , Sahu Bhagirath , Singh S. P. 
Published: May 2018

AbstractIn this paper, theoretical/simulation study of specific absorption rate (SAR) and/or temperature distributions in a bi-layered bio-media (fat and muscle)/realistic tri-layered bio-media (skin, fat, and muscle layers) in direct contact with water-loaded metal diagonal horn (MDH) designed at 915 MHz are investigated. The effects of fat thickness on the input reflection coefficient, reflection coefficient at the interface between the MDH and the bi-layered bio-media, and the SAR distribution in the bi-layered bio-media are also studied through simulation and theoretically at 915 MHz. Further, the SAR parameters such as penetration depth and effective field size inside the bi-layered bio-media due to the MDH are evaluated theoretically and the theoretical results are compared with the corresponding simulation results. Finally, SAR and temperature distributions in tri-layered bio-media without and with embedded irregular/oval-shaped tumor are provided for demonstrating the hyperthermia performance of the MDH applicator.
A multi-band switchable antenna for Wi-Fi, 3G Advanced, WiMAX, and WLAN wireless applications
Authors: Ullah Sadiq , Ahmad Shaheen , Khan Burhan A. , Flint James A. 
Published: May 2018

AbstractThis paper presents a hexa-band frequency reconfigurable planar antenna, printed on a 1.6 mm thicker FR 4 substrate and backed by a truncated ground plane. The given antenna operates in four different frequency modes, depending on the state of the two lumped element switches. The proposed antenna works at six frequencies, 2.10, 2.40, 3.35, 3.50, 5.28, and 5.97 GHz. These frequency bands are dedicated to useful wireless applications, including 3G Advanced (2.10 GHz), Wireless Fidelity (Wi-Fi) (2.40 GHz), WiMAX (3.35 GHz), WiMAX (3.5 GHz), WLAN (5.28 GHz) and fixed-satellite and mobile satellite services (5.97 GHz). Satisfactory gain of 1.96, 2.20, 2.671, 2.81, 3.80, and 3.88 dBi, efficiency of 92.5, 94.5, 94.56, 95.0, 93.8, and 97.0% and bandwidth of 332, 485, 1020, 1080, 512, and 465 MHz has been obtained at 2.10, 2.40, 3.35, 3.50, 5.28, and 5.97 GHz, respectively. The modeling and simulations are conducted in CST MWS (2014). The simulated reflection coefficient and radiation pattern are validated in antenna measurement facility. In addition, the specific absorption rate of the antenna on a flat section of human body is also studied. The antenna is compact, low profile, and vastly suitable for multi-band wireless devices.
Looking at the Same Interaction and Seeing Something Different
Authors: Wall Helen J. , Taylor Paul J. , Campbell Claire , Heim Derek , Richardson Beth 
Published: May 2018

Abstract. The role of information context, judgment perspective and cue type on the “accuracy” of first impressions of another’s Big5 personality was studied in three phases of data collection (n = 173). Accurate judgments were defined as the level of agreement between a target person’s aggregated personality score (i.e., average of self and informant ratings of personality) and a personality judgement about the target, indexed using item correlations. Results for Phase 1 found that completing a different task with the same partner improved accuracy for conscientiousness. Phase 2 investigated the relationship between a person’s role (judgment perspective) within an interaction (interactants, observers) and showed that Observers were better at judging the less interpersonal traits of conscientiousness and openness relative to Interactants. Finally, Phase 3 examined the types of cues that people used when rating another’s personality. Although Observers and Interactants had access to the same interaction, analyses revealed that they employed different types of cues when judging others. Findings are discussed in terms of Funder’s Realistic Accuracy Model (1995 , 1999 ) along with practical implications, limitations and suggestions for future research.
Uncovering the Iceland Hot Spot Track Beneath Greenland
Authors: Mordret Aurélien 
Published: May 2018

AbstractDuring the past 120 Ma, the Greenland craton drifted over the Iceland hot spot; however, uncertainties in geodynamic modeling and a lack of geophysical evidence prevent an accurate reconstruction of the hot spot track. I image the Greenland lithosphere down to 200‐km depth with both group and phase velocity seismic noise tomography. The 3‐D shear wave velocity model obtained using 4–5 years of continuous seismic records from the Greenland Ice Sheet Monitoring Network is well resolved for most of the Greenland main island. The crustal part of the model clearly shows different tectonic units. The hot spot track is observed as a linear high‐velocity anomaly in the middle and lower crust associated with magmatic intrusions. In the upper mantle, a pronounced low‐velocity anomaly below the east coast might be due to the remnant effect of the Iceland hot spot when it was at its maximum intensity. Thermomechanical modeling suggests that this area has higher temperature and lower viscosity than the surrounding cratonic areas and experiences a higher than average surface heat flow. This new detailed picture of the Greenland lithosphere will drive more accurate geodynamic reconstructions of tectonic plate motions and help to better understand the North Atlantic tectonic history. Models of Greenland glacial isostatic adjustment will benefit from the 3‐D upper‐mantle viscosity model, which in turn will enable more precise estimations of the Greenland ice sheet mass balance.
Bubble‐Mediated Gas Transfer and Gas Transfer Suppression of DMS and CO2
Authors: Zavarsky A. , Goddijn‐Murphy L. , Steinhoff T. , Marandino C. A. 
Published: May 2018

AbstractDirect dimethyl sulfide (DMS) flux measurements using eddy covariance have shown a suppression of gas transfer at medium to high wind speed. However, not all eddy covariance measurements show evidence of this suppression. Processes, such as wave‐wind interaction and surfactants, have been postulated to cause this suppression. We measured DMS and carbon dioxide eddy covariance fluxes during the Asian summer monsoon in the western tropical Indian Ocean (July and August 2014). Both fluxes and their respective gas transfer velocities show signs of a gas transfer suppression above 10 m/s. Using a wind‐wave interaction, we describe a flow separation process that could be responsible for a suppression of gas transfer. As a result we provide a Reynolds number‐based parameterization, which states the likelihood of a gas transfer suppression for this cruise and previously published gas transfer data. Additionally, we compute the difference in the gas transfer velocities of DMS and CO2 to estimate the bubble‐mediated gas transfer using a hybrid model with three whitecap parameterizations.
Link Between the Dynamics of Granular Flows and the Generated Seismic Signal: Insights From Laboratory Experiments
Authors: Farin Maxime , Mangeney Anne , de Rosny Julien , Toussaint Renaud , Trinh Phuong‐Thu 
Published: May 2018

Granular column collapse experiments have been conducted on a flat rough surface tilted at various angles with synchronous measurements of the flow dynamics and the emitted seismic signal. Our results show that the ratio of radiated seismic energy to potential energy lost by the granular flows decreases slightly from 0.033% to 0.017% with increasing slope angle on a poly(methyl methacrylate) (acrylic) plate. This is about 90 times lower than for the impact of a single particle of the same diameter. The experimental granular flows generated signals with frequencies lower than 20 kHz, with a mean value around 5 kHz, which are shown to be similar to the frequencies emitted by a single‐particle impact. The rise phase and maxima of the amplitude and frequencies of the seismic signals generated by our experimental granular flows are mostly controlled by flow motion in the direction normal to the slope, while their decay phase depends on downslope particle speeds. The granular flow regime changes from dense to more agitated flows above a critical slope angle that is about half the friction angle of the granular material. This change is reflected in (1) the shape of the temporal variation of the seismic amplitude and frequencies, with a decay phase lasting much longer and (2) the shape of the cumulative radiated seismic energy, which changes above the same critical slope angle. Implications of these results for the interpretation of seismic emissions from experimental and natural granular flows are discussed.
Seismic Energy Analysis as Generated by Impact and Fragmentation of Single‐Block Experimental Rockfalls
Authors: Saló L. , Corominas J. , Lantada N. , Matas G. , Prades A. , Ruiz‐Carulla R. 
Published: May 2018

The analysis of seismic signals obtained from near‐source triaxial accelerometer recordings of two sets of single‐block rockfall experiments is presented. The tests were carried out under controlled conditions in two quarries in northeastern Spain; in the first test (Foj limestone quarry, Barcelona), 30 blocks were released with masses ranging between 475 and 11,480 kg. The second test (Ponderosa andesite quarry, Tarragona) consisted of the release of 44 blocks with masses from 466 to 13,581 kg. An accelerometer and three high‐speed video cameras were deployed, so that the trajectories, velocities, and block fragmentation could be tracked precisely. These data were used to explore the relationship between seismic energy and rockfall kinetics (the latter obtained from video analysis). We determined absolute and relative values of seismic energy and used them to estimate rockfall volumes. Finally, the seismic signature of block fragmentation was assessed in both the frequency and time domains. The ratios of seismic energy after impact to kinetic energy before impact ranged between 10−7 and 10−4. These variables were weakly correlated. The use of seismic energy relative to impacting kinetic energy was preferred for the estimation of volumes. Block fragmentation impacts were dominated by higher acceleration spectrum centroid frequencies than those of nonfragmentation impacts: 56.62 ± 2.88 and 48.46 ± 4.39 Hz at Foj and 52.84 ± 12.73 and 38.14 ± 4.73 Hz at Ponderosa.
W‐Band Compact Slot Antenna Arrays With Polarization Flexibility
Authors: Numan Ahmed B. , Frigon Jean‐François , Laurin Jean‐Jacques 
Published: May 2018

AbstractA novel W‐band arbitrary polarization compact radiating structure that can be used to design antenna arrays with wide angle beamforming and limited grating lobes is described in this article. The radiating element is a slot which can be oriented in any direction to achieve the desired polarization. This slot is placed on a rectangular cavity, which is operated in its fundamental mode to achieve compact size. The cavity is coupled with a substrate‐integrated waveguide feed line using a coupling slot. These radiating elements are series fed to form compact one‐dimensional arrays, which can be combined to design two‐dimensional arrays having field of view up to 120° and with limited grating lobes in the plane transverse to the one‐dimensional array axis. One‐ and two‐dimensional arrays for two orthogonal polarizations were fabricated and tested to validate the described structure.
Multihazard Scenarios for Analysis of Compound Extreme Events
Authors: Sadegh Mojtaba , Moftakhari Hamed , Gupta Hoshin V. , Ragno Elisa , Mazdiyasni Omid , Sanders Brett , Matthew Richard , AghaKouchak Amir 
Published: May 2018

AbstractCompound extremes correspond to events with multiple concurrent or consecutive drivers (e.g., ocean and fluvial flooding, drought, and heat waves) leading to substantial impacts such as infrastructure failure. In many risk assessment and design applications, however, multihazard scenarios of extremes and compound events are ignored. In this paper, we review the existing multivariate design and hazard scenario concepts and introduce a novel copula‐based weighted average threshold scenario for an expected event with multiple drivers. The model can be used for obtaining multihazard design and risk assessment scenarios and their corresponding likelihoods. The proposed model offers uncertainty ranges of most likely compound hazards using Bayesian inference. We show that the uncertainty ranges of design quantiles might be large and may differ significantly from one copula model to the other. We also demonstrate that the choice of marginal and copula functions may profoundly impact the multihazard design values. A robust analysis should account for these uncertainties within and between multivariate models that translate into multihazard design quantiles.