bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
EV-201: Results of enfortumab vedotin monotherapy for locally advanced or metastatic urothelial cancer previously treated with platinum and immune checkpoint inhibitors.
Authors: Petrylak Daniel Peter , Balar Arjun Vasant , O'Donnell Peter H. , McGregor Bradley Alexander , Heath Elisabeth I. , Yu Evan Y. , Galsky Matt D. , Hahn Noah M. , Gartner Elaina M , Pinelli Juan , Melhem-Bertrandt Amal , Rosenberg Jonathan E. 
Published: June 2019

4505 Background: Locally advanced or metastatic urothelial cancer (la/mUC) remains a lethal disease with limited treatment options for patients (pts) who progress on or after platinum and/or checkpoint inhibitor (CPI). Enfortumab vedotin (EV) is an antibody-drug conjugate targeting Nectin-4, which is highly expressed in UC. EV-201 is a pivotal, single-arm, two-cohort study of EV in la/mUC patients with prior CPI and platinum-containing chemotherapy (Cohort 1) or a CPI and no prior chemotherapy (Cohort 2). Here, we present preliminary data from Cohort 1. Methods: Pts in this open-label, multicenter study received 1.25 mg/kg EV on Days 1, 8, and 15 of each 28-day cycle. The primary endpoint was confirmed ORR per RECIST 1.1 by blinded independent central review. Secondary endpoints are duration of response, PFS, OS, safety/tolerability. Results: Between Oct 2017 and Jul 2018, EV-201 enrolled 128 pts in Cohort 1 (la/mUC pts previously treated with platinum and a CPI), 125 of whom were treated with EV (70% male; median age 69 y [range 40–84 y]; 34% upper tract; a median of 2 prior systemic therapies). As of 03 Jan 2019, the confirmed ORR was 42% (95% CI: 33.6%–51.6%), with 9% CR. The ORR in CPI non-responders was 38% (95% CI: 27.3%–49.2%), and 36% (95% CI: 22.9%–50.8%) in pts with liver metastases (LM). Most common treatment-related AEs, as determined by investigators, included fatigue (50%), alopecia (48%), and decreased appetite (41%). Treatment-related AEs of interest include any rash (48% all grade, 11% ≥ G3) and any peripheral neuropathy (50% all grade, 3% ≥ G3). One death was reported as treatment related by the investigator (interstitial lung disease), but was confounded by a suspected pulmonary infection. Conclusions: Preliminary results from this EV pivotal study demonstrated a clinically meaningful ORR, consistent with the phase 1 trial, in la/mUC pts with prior platinum and CPI, including LM pts, where there is a high unmet need. EV was well tolerated with a manageable safety profile in these pts. Updated data, including duration of response, PFS, and OS will be presented. Clinical trial information: NCT03219333.
Five-year long-term overall survival for patients with advanced NSCLC treated with pembrolizumab: Results from KEYNOTE-001.
Authors: Garon Edward B. , Hellmann Matthew David , Carcereny Costa Enric , Leighl Natasha B. , Ahn Myung-Ju , Eder Joseph Paul , Balmanoukian Ani Sarkis , Aggarwal Charu , Horn Leora , Patnaik Amita , Gubens Matthew A. , Ramalingam Suresh S. , Felip Enriqueta , Scalzo Cathie , Jensen Erin , Kush Debra A. , Hui Rina 
Published: June 2019

LBA9015 Background: Pembrolizumab (pembro) monotherapy has demonstrated durable antitumor activity in advanced PD-L1–expressing NSCLC. We present 5-y OS for patients (pts) enrolled in the phase 1b KEYNOTE-001 study (NCT01295827), the first trial evaluating pembro in advanced NSCLC. These data provide the longest efficacy/safety follow-up for NSCLC pts treated with pembro. Methods: Pts had confirmed locally advanced/metastatic NSCLC and provided a contemporaneous tumor sample for PD-L1 evaluation by IHC using the 22C3 antibody. Pts received pembro 2 mg/kg Q3W or 10 mg/kg Q2W or Q3W. The primary efficacy endpoint was ORR. OS was a secondary endpoint. Results: 550 pts were enrolled (treatment-naive, n=101; previously treated, n=449). As of November 5, 2018 (data cutoff), median (range) follow-up was 60.6 (51.8–77.9) mo; 82% (n=450/550) had died. Estimated 5-y OS rates were 23.2% for treatment-naive pts and 15.5% for previously treated pts (Table). ORR (by investigator per irRC) was 42% (95% CI, 32–52) for treatment-naive pts and 23% (95% CI, 19–27) for previously treated pts. Median (range) DOR was 16.8 (2.1+ to 55.7+) mo and 38.9 (1.0+ to 71.8+) mo, respectively. Immune-mediated AEs had occurred in 17% of pts at 5 y, similar to the incidence reported at 3-y follow-up. Additional results, including outcomes in key subgroups and detailed safety follow-up data, will be presented. Conclusions: In KEYNOTE-001, 5-y OS rate was 23.2% in treatment-naive pts and 15.5% in previously treated pts with advanced NSCLC treated with pembro, compared to a historical rate of ~5% (per SEER 2008–2014), prior to the introduction of anti–PD-1 therapy. 5-y OS rate was at least 25% in pts with PD-L1 TPS ≥50% in both pt populations in KEYNOTE-001. Clinical trial information: NCT01295827. [Table: see text]
Detecting the “gist” of breast cancer in mammograms three years before localized signs of cancer are visible
Authors: Evans Karla K. , Culpan Anne-Marie , Wolfe Jeremy M. 
Published: June 2019

Objectives:
After a 500 ms presentation, experts can distinguish abnormal mammograms at above chance levels even when only the breast contralateral to the lesion is shown. Here, we show that this signal of abnormality is detectable 3 years before localized signs of cancer become visible.

Methods:
In 4 prospective studies, 59 expert observers from 3 groups viewed 116–200 bilateral mammograms for 500 ms each. Half of the images were prior exams acquired 3 years prior to onset of visible, actionable cancer and half were normal. Exp. 1D included cases having visible abnormalities. Observers rated likelihood of abnormality on a 0–100 scale and categorized breast density. Performance was measured using receiver operating characteristic analysis.

Results:
In all three groups, observers could detect abnormal images at above chance levels 3 years prior to visible signs of breast cancer (p &lt; 0.001). The results were not due to specific salient cases nor to breast density. Performance was correlated with expertise quantified by the number of mammographic cases read within a year. In Exp. 1D, with cases having visible actionable pathology included, the full group of readers failed to reliably detect abnormal priors; with the exception of a subgroup of the six most experienced observers.

Conclusions:
Imaging specialists can detect signals of abnormality in mammograms acquired years before lesions become visible. Detection may depend on expertise acquired by reading large numbers of cases.

Advances in knowledge:
Global gist signal can serve as imaging risk factor with the potential to identify patients with elevated risk for developing cancer, resulting in improved early cancer diagnosis rates and improved prognosis for females with breast cancer.
Asociación entre fuerza de prensión y comorbilidades: Estudio Sabe, Ecuador, 2009
Authors: Borda, MD, MSc Miguel Germán , Pérez-Zepeda, MD, PhD Mario Ulises , Gómez-Arteaga, MD Camilo , Pardo-Amaya, MD Ana María , Chavarro-Carvajal, MD, MSc Diego , Cano-Gutiérrez, MD Carlos 
Published: June 2019

Introducción: el aumento de enfermedades crónicas ha motivado la creación de métodos de evaluación del adulto mayor que permitan estimar su estado general de salud. Entre estos, se ha propuesto la fuerza de prensión. El objetivo de este estudio fue buscar la asociación entre el número de comorbilidades y la fuerza de prensión. Materiales y métodos: se analizaron los datos del estudio sabe Ecuador 2009, un estudio transversal que incluyó una muestra probabilística y representativa de 5235 adultos mayores de 60 años o más. La variable dependiente fue el desempeño en la fuerza de prensión y la sumatoria de comorbilidades, como la variable independiente. Se realizó un modelo de regresión logística lineal para estimar asociaciones independientes. Resultados: de un total de 5235 personas, la media de la suma de comorbilidades fue 1.54 ± 1.36 y la media de la fuerza de prensión fue de 21.45 ± 9.37 kg. Se encontró una asociación negativa de la fuerza de prensión y la suma de comorbilidades, desde 0 comorbilidades -0.88, hasta más de 6 comorbilidades -3.52 (p < 0.05). Ninguna enfermedad por sí sola tuvo mayor asociación con la disminución de la fuerza muscular que el tener más de dos enfermedades concomitantes. Conclusiones: este estudio encontró una asociación lineal negativa entre la fuerza de prensión y la sumatoria de comorbilidades. Los resultados reportados abren la puerta para plantear nuevos estudios que permitan desarrollar herramientas de evaluación que beneficien a la población adulta mayor.
Understanding and addressing dryness during wound healing
Authors: Lumbers Melanie 
Published: June 2019

Timely wound healing supports positive outcomes for both the patient and the clinician. The cause of a non-healing wound needs both identifying and addressing. A dry wound bed will result in a lengthy healing process, impacting both the patient and the clinician, physically and financially. It is imperative to correctly identify the cause of a non-healing wound and address the causative factors using evidence-based best practice. A non-healing wound may be attributed to various factors, such as inappropriate dressing, lack of hydration, medication or underlying medical disease. Identification of the cause will support the most appropriate management choice. In order to explain the issues of a dry wound, it is imperative that the clinician first has an understanding of the concept of moist wound healing.
Estimating the health-care costs of wound care in Ireland
Authors: Gillespie Paddy , Carter Laura , McIntosh Caroline , Gethin Georgina 
Published: June 2019

Objective: To estimate the cost of wound care to the Irish health-care system. Methods: A bottom-up, prevalence-based analysis was undertaken using a decision analytic model to estimate costs. Health-care resource activity was identified from a recently published study from the UK and was valued using unit cost data for Ireland. Results: The base case analysis estimated the total annual healthcare cost of wound care to be €629,064,198 (95% Confidence interval (CI): €452,673,358 to €844,087,124), accounting for 5% (95% CI: 3% to 6%) of total public health expenditure in Ireland in 2013. The average cost per patient was €3,941 (95% CI: €2,836 to €5,287). However, this study is subject to many limitations and plausible changes in the model's inputs showed that the total annual health-care cost of wound care could range from €281,438,970 to €844,316,912. Conclusion: Caring for wounds places a substantial burden on the Irish health-care system. In light of growing pressures to finance an already resource-constrained health-care system, these results provide useful information for those charged with future wound care service design and provision in Ireland and elsewhere.
Real-time bacterial fluorescence imaging accurately identifies wounds with moderate-to-heavy bacterial burden
Authors: Serena Thomas E. , Harrell Khristina , Serena Laura , Yaakov Raphael A. 
Published: June 2019

Objective: Clinical evaluation of signs and symptoms (CSS) of infection is imperative to the diagnostic process. However, patients with heavily colonised and infected wounds are often asymptomatic, leading to poor diagnostic accuracy. Point-of-care fluorescence imaging rapidly provides information on the presence and location of bacteria. This clinical trial (#NCT03540004) aimed to evaluate diagnostic accuracy when bacterial fluorescence imaging was used in combination with CSS for identifying wounds with moderate-to-heavy bacterial loads. Methods: Wounds were assessed by study clinicians using NERDS and STONEES CSS criteria to determine the presence or absence of moderate-to-heavy bacterial loads, after which the clinician prescribed and reported a detailed treatment plan. Only then were fluorescence images of the wound acquired, bacterial fluorescence determined to be present or absent and treatment plan adjusted if necessary. Results: We examined 17 VLUs/2 DFUs. Compared with CSS alone, use of bacterial fluorescence imaging in combination with CSS significantly improved sensitivity (22% versus 72%) and accuracy (26% versus 74%) for identifying wounds with moderate-to-heavy bacterial loads (≥104 CFU/g, p=0.002). Clinicians reported added value of fluorescence images in >90% of study wounds, including identification of wounds incorrectly diagnosed by CSS (47% of study wounds) and treatment plan modifications guided by fluorescence (73% of study wounds). Modifications included image-guided cleaning, treatment selection, debridement and antimicrobial stewardship. Conclusion: Findings from this pilot study suggest that when used in combination with CSS, bacterial fluorescence may: (1) improve the diagnostic accuracy of identifying patients with wounds containing moderate-to-heavy bacterial loads and (2) guide more timely and appropriate treatment decisions at the point-of-care.
Rozbujać małe miasteczka: aktywistki Czarnych Protestów w Polsce
Authors: Muszel Magdalena , Piotrowski Grzegorz 
Published: June 2019

Jak to jest być aktywistką w małym lub prowincjonalnym miasteczku? Czy wyzwania strukturalne, które stoją przed aktywistkami z małych miast, są jakie same jak ich odpowiedniki z dużych miast, które zwykle są studiowane i opisywane w literaturze naukowej? Jeśli środowisko jest inne, to czy małomiasteczkowi aktywiści i aktywistki podejmują inne praktyki, aby poradzić sobie z wyzwaniami wynikającymi z różnych kontekstów, w których działają? W artykule staramy się odpowiedzieć na niektóre z tych pytań, przyglądając się organizatorkom Czarnych Protestów z 2016 roku i późniejszego okresu w prowincjonalnych miastach Polski. Protesty te, zorganizowane w celu przeciwstawienia się planowanym zmianom w już i tak represyjnej ustawie antyaborcyjnej, nie tylko zaskoczyły wszystkich swoją skalą i intensywnością, ale także zasięgiem, ponieważ większość protestów miała miejsce w małych i prowincjonalnych miastach w Polsce. Artykuł ten ma na celu wypełnienie luki w literaturze dotyczącej ruchów społecznych między analizą aktywizmu w dużych miastach (na których buduje się większość teorii) a aktywizmem na wsi.
Precarious Locations: Feminist Co-optation and Strategies of Resistance in the Neoliberal Age
Authors: Ana Alexandra 
Published: June 2019

Gdy kobiety zyskały możliwość wpływania na politykę za pośrednictwem oficjalnych kanałów, postulaty feministek dotyczące sprawiedliwości społecznej zaczęto realizować w Rumunii poprzez zinstytucjonalizowane formy interwencji politycznej. Instytucjonalizację i profesjonalizację ruchu feministycznego powszechnie kojarzono z feministycznymi i kobiecymi organizacjami pozarządowymi współpracującymi z rządowymi organami do spraw równości płci w celu realizacji postulatów ruchu i osiągnięcia sukcesu w sferze polityki. Podczas gdy niektórzy badacze zawracali uwagę na korzyści płynące z przenikania idei i praktyk feministycznych do struktury państwa, inni uważali, że organizacje pozarządowe czynią ruch feministyczny podatnym na kooptację, przyczyniając się do jego demobilizacji i odpolitycznienia. Koncepcja kooptacji odzwierciedla dylematy, przed którymi stoją współczesne ruchy feministyczne. Dylematy te dotyczą przesuwania celów ruchu, które mogą być dostosowane do innych priorytetów i programów – czasami działając na niekorzyść ruchu i w sprzeczności z pierwotnymi celami, szczególnie gdy staną się częścią oficjalnych kanałów politycznych. Zależność feministycznych grup i organizacji pozarządowych od funduszy państwowych lub prywatnych jest również powiązana z kooptacją ruchu. Jak budować ruch na krytycznych analizach koncepcji kooptacji bez jednoczesnego kwestionowania wagi działań i wysiłków aktywistów feministycznych i organizacji pozarządowych jako legitymizujących programy polityczne państwowych lub prywatnych darczyńców? Badanie to ma na celu, po pierwsze, wyjaśnienie napięć powstałych w wyniku kooptacji i związanych z dylematem bycia wewnątrz/na zewnątrz, przed którym stoi współczesny ruch feministyczny. Po drugie, celem autorki artykułu jest zbadanie strategii przeciwstawienia się lub zarządzania kooptacją opracowanych przez ruch feministyczny. Do analizy procesu kooptacji, a zwłaszcza wywoływanych przez ów proces napięć i powstałych wopozycji do niego strategii oporu, w tekście wykorzystano literaturę NGO-izacji i przedstawiono empiryczne dowody pochodzące z badań nad rumuńskim ruchem feministycznym.
The conservation of medieval manuscript illuminations: A chemical perspective
Authors: Melo Maria J. , Nabais Paula , Araújo Rita , Vitorino Tatiana 
Published: June 2019

AbstractIlluminated manuscripts are the most abundant and well-preserved surviving medieval cultural artefacts. Created to contain sacred texts, their visual structure allows the reader to identify divisions and delight in their beautiful ornamentation and iconography. Western European manuscripts were written on parchment, which was the main writing support in the Middle Ages prior to the rise of paper production in the fourteenth–fifteenth centuries. Highly functional, durable animal skins were also used in medieval bookbinding (covers) and have been crucial in the preservation of the illuminations. These illuminations make wonderful use of form and colour. This chapter focuses on recent advances in the molecular characterization of these colours, used in medieval manuscripts produced by Western Europeans, and the challenges inherent in analysing materials that are intrinsically heterogeneous. We then discuss how molecular characterization may reveal conservation conditions and extend our analysis to parchment and iron gall inks. Finally, we address the challenges and possibilities for this flourishing field of research.In short, we show in this chapter how analytical methods are used:– To understand how medieval illumination colours were made and what palette defines them;– To predict original colours and to understand why certain colours have remained in excellent condition, preserving both adherence and luminosity, while others have changed over the centuries;– To assess deterioration (paints, parchment, writing inks) with the goal of determining what potential restoration measures could be taken, after careful consideration.
Cognitive neural mechanism of sports competition pressure source
Authors: Zhou Yucheng , Zhou Feifei 
Published: June 2019

Abstract
At sports events, the athletes by the pressure source is varied, based on the stress status of athletes, many athletes stress related experts at home and abroad to design questionnaire, questionnaire and sports events for athletes with often life process of in-depth and meticulous investigation, has formed the one whole set athletes pressure source of cognitive neuroscience assessment system, sports competition for athlete’s "escort". By participating in state general administration of sports scientific research project " management system of athlete competition pressure cognitive neuroscience" the development of using psychological pressure on athletes’ source data, the application of natural language processing and machine learning technology research these data, mainly using clustering algorithm and recommendation algorithm, thus forming pressure source research results are applied in sports competitions.
A Review of the Current Literature on the Utility of the Functional Movement Screen as a Screening Tool to Identify Athletes' Risk for Injury
Authors: Monaco Jerry-Thomas , Schoenfeld Brad J. 
Published: June 2019

ABSTRACT
THE FUNCTIONAL MOVEMENT SCREEN (FMS) IS A POPULAR MOVEMENT SCREENING TOOL USED BY REHABILITATION PROFESSIONALS AND STRENGTH AND CONDITIONING SPECIALISTS, OFTEN FOR THE PURPOSE OF INJURY PREVENTION. ALTHOUGH THE FMS MAY FACILITATE THE ABILITY FOR REHAB THERAPISTS AND TRAINERS TO DETERMINE MOVEMENT DYSFUNCTIONS, THE ABILITY TO PREDICT INJURY HAS RECENTLY COME UNDER SCRUTINY. THE FOLLOWING REVIEW EXAMINES THE CURRENT LITERATURE ON THE UTILITY OF THE FMS AS A SCREENING TOOL TO IDENTIFY ATHLETES' RISK FOR INJURY.
Diagnosing metabolic syndrome in craniopharyngioma patients: body composition versus BMI
Authors: van Santen Selvetta S , Olsson Daniel S , Hammarstrand Casper , Wijnen Mark , van den Heuvel-Eibrink Marry M , van der Lely Aart J , Johannsson Gudmundur , Janssen Joseph A M J L , Neggers Sebastian J C M M 
Published: June 2019

Objective
Craniopharyngioma patients often have poor metabolic profiles due to hypothalamic–pituitary damage. Previously, using BMI as obesity marker, the occurrence of the metabolic syndrome in these patients was estimated at 46%. Our aim was to determine if dual X-ray absorptiometry (DXA) scan in evaluation of obesity and metabolic syndrome would be superior.

Design
Retrospective study of craniopharyngioma patients for whom DXA scan results were available.

Methods
BMI, fat percentage and fat mass index were used to evaluate obesity and as components for obesity in metabolic syndrome.

Results
Ninety-five craniopharyngioma patients were included (51% female, 49% childhood-onset disease). Metabolic syndrome occurred in 34–53 (45–51%) subjects (depending on the definition of obesity, although all definitions occurred in higher frequency than in the general population). Metabolic syndrome frequency was higher if obesity was defined by fat percentage (52 vs 42%) or fat mass index (51 vs 43%) compared to BMI. Misclassification appeared in 9% (fat percentage vs BMI) and 7% (fat mass index vs BMI) for metabolic syndrome and 29 and 13% for obesity itself, respectively. For metabolic syndrome, almost perfect agreement was found for BMI compared with fat percentage or fat mass index. For obesity, agreement was fair to moderate (BMI vs fat percentage).

Conclusion
Using BMI to evaluate obesity underestimates the true prevalence of metabolic syndrome in patients with craniopharyngioma. Furthermore, fat percentage contributes to a better evaluation of obesity than BMI. The contribution of DXA scan might be limited for identification of the metabolic syndrome.
Maternal Experience Leads to Lasting Gene Expression Changes in Some Regions of the Mouse Brain
Authors: Arbeitman Michelle N 
Published: June 2019

AbstractRodent maternal behaviors are due to the coordinated effects of fluctuating hormones, with their onset triggered by interactions with newborn pups. Previous studies have shown that many genes have changes in expression during peripartum stages. However, it is unclear if there are long-lasting changes in gene expression, well after the performance of maternal behaviors, that could influence physiology and behavior throughout the remaining lifespan. Here, gene expression differences were examined in mouse between age-matched virgin and primiparous females, at least 4 weeks after weaning. Of the five brain regions examined—hypothalamus, hippocampus, cortex, cerebellum, and the amygdala—only the hypothalamus had thousands of genes with significant expression differences. The cerebellum had 130 genes with expression differences, and the other brain regions had no significant changes detected. The expression changes in the hypothalamus include an enrichment of genes that could mediate long-lasting behavioral and physiological changes, given their known roles in parental behavior, including galanin and prolactin receptor.