bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Interventions in women with type 2 diabetes mellitus in the pre‐pregnancy, pregnancy and postpartum periods to optimise care and health outcomes: A systematic review
Authors: Gunabalasingam Sowmiya , Kyrka Artemis , Hopkins Lily , Lebrett Rivka , Dyer Eleanor , Forde Rita , Heslehurst Nicola , Meek Claire L. , Schoenaker Danielle A. J. M. , Flynn Angela C. , White Sara L. 
Published: November 2024

AbstractAimsType 2 diabetes is a chronic condition affecting increasing numbers of women of reproductive age. Recent UK data show more severe adverse offspring outcomes (stillbirth, neonatal death) than in infants of those with Type 1 diabetes. This systematic review aimed to evaluate randomised controlled trials (RCTs) undertaken in the pre‐pregnancy, pregnancy and the postpartum periods in women with Type 2 diabetes, to optimise care and health outcomes.MethodsSix electronic databases were searched for eligible studies from January 2000 to September 2023; eligibility included RCTs of behavioural components, supplementation, pharmacotherapy and/or medical devices. Studies were screened in duplicate, and data were extracted on outcomes including behavioural, anthropometry, clinical measures and maternal and offspring outcomes. A narrative synthesis was performed.ResultsEleven trials (12 papers) were included (total 1356 women with Type 2 diabetes, n = 25–502). Ten interventions were conducted in pregnancy, and one in the postpartum period. No pre‐pregnancy RCTs were identified. Interventions included pharmacotherapies and supplementation, a diabetes‐specific antenatal programme, continuous glucose monitoring and postpartum exercise. We found a paucity of interventions limited by inadequate design, statistical power and poor reporting. The largest Type 2 diabetes pregnancy study to date demonstrated evidence of benefit for adding metformin to a standard insulin regimen compared to insulin alone. Other interventions need replication in larger studies among more diverse groups.ConclusionThis review identified few RCTs targeting women of reproductive age with Type 2 diabetes particularly lacking in the preconception and postpartum periods. Tailored pre‐pregnancy, pregnancy and postpartum interventions for women with Type 2 diabetes to optimise care and health outcomes are urgently needed.
Connectome‐based predictive modelling of ageing, overall cognitive functioning and memory performance
Authors: Gu Yi , Guo Lianghu , Cai Xinyi , Yang Qing , Sun Jian , Li Yufei , Zhu Jiayu , Zhang Weijun , Huang Peiyu , Jiang Yi , Bo Bin , Li Yao , Zhang Yaoyu , Zhang Minming , Wu Jinsong , Shi Hongcheng , Liu Siwei , He Qiang , Yao Xing , Zhang Qiang , Wei Hongjiang , Zhang Xu , Zhang Han ,   the Consortium of Chinese Brain Molecular and Functional Mapping (CBMFM)
Published: November 2024

AbstractResting‐state functional magnetic resonance imaging (rs‐fMRI) and brain functional connectome (we use ‘brain connectome’ hereafter for simplicity) have advanced our understanding of the ageing brain and age‐related changes in cognitive function. Previous studies have investigated the association among brain connectome and age, global cognition, and memory function separately. However, very few have predicted age, overall cognitive functioning and memory performance in a single study to better understand their complex relationship. In this cross‐sectional study, we applied an exploratory, data‐driven method to investigate the brain connectome markers that could predict ageing, overall cognitive functioning assessed as intelligence quotient (IQ, measured by Wechsler Memory Scale) and memory performance assessed as memory quotient (MQ, measured by Wechsler Memory Scale) in a carefully designed, multicentre, normal ageing cohort (n = 313). Our results showed that brain connectome could predict ageing and IQ, but the association with MQ was weak. We found that the connectivity with orbital frontal cortex was associated with both ageing and IQ. Mediation analysis further showed that the brain connectome mediated the relationship between age and overall cognitive functioning, suggesting a protective brain connectomic mechanism for maintaining normal cognitive functions during healthy ageing. This work may shed light on the potential neural correlates of healthy ageing, overall cognitive functioning and memory performance.
You Win Some, You Lose Some
Authors: Cizek Gregory J. 
Published: November 2024

AbstractIn a 1993 EM:IP article, I made six predictions related to measurement policy issues for the approaching millenium. In this article, I evaluate the accuracy of those predictions (Spoiler: I was only modestly accurate) and I proffer a mix of seven contemporary predictions, recommendations, and aspirations regarding assessment generally, NCME as an association, and specific psychometric practices.
Comparative Analysis of Psychometric Frameworks and Properties of Scores from Autogenerated Test Forms
Authors: Lee Won‐Chan , Kim Stella Y. 
Published: November 2024

AbstractThis paper explores the psychometric properties of scores derived from autogenerated test forms by introducing three conceptual frameworks: Alternate Test Forms, Randomly Parallel Forms, and Approximately Parallel Forms. Each framework provides a distinct perspective on score comparability, definitions of true score and standard error of measurement (SEM), and the necessity of equating. Through a simulation study, we illustrate how these frameworks compare in terms of true scores and SEMs, while also assessing the impact of equating on score comparability across varying levels of form variability. Ultimately, this study seeks to lay the groundwork for implementing scoring practices in large‐scale standardized assessments that use autogenerated forms.
Deciphering temporal gene expression dynamics during epilepsy development using a rat model of focal neocortical epilepsy
Authors: Chang Bao‐Luen , Walker Matthew C. , Kullmann Dimitri M. , Schorge Stephanie 
Published: November 2024

AbstractObjectiveEpilepsy involves significant changes in neural cells during epileptogenesis. Although the molecular mechanism of epileptogenesis remains obscure, changes in gene regulation play a crucial role in the evolution of epilepsy. This study aimed to compare changes in a subset of specific genes during epilepsy development, focusing on the period after the first spontaneous seizure, to identify critical time windows for targeting different regulators.MethodsUsing a rat model of acquired focal neocortical epilepsy induced by tetanus toxin, we characterized gene expression at acute, subacute, and chronic stages (48–72 h, 2 weeks, and 30 days after first spontaneous seizure, respectively), focusing on genes' potential contribution to epilepsy progression.ResultsWe observed dynamic changes in the expression of these genes throughout the period after the first spontaneous seizure. Astrocytic reactions primarily occur early, before epilepsy is well established. Changes in Mtor (mammalian target of rapamycin) and Rest (repressor element 1 silencing transcription factor) signaling pathways are highly dynamic and correlated with the progression of epilepsy development. Ccl2 (chemokine C‐C‐motif ligand) is upregulated at the chronic stage, indicating activation of the neuroinflammatory pathway. Finally, Gabra5 (γ‐aminobutyric acidergic signaling) is downregulated at the late stage after epilepsy is established. Surprisingly, changes in the expression of specific genes are linked to the time since the first seizure, rather than seizure frequency or duration.SignificanceThese results suggest that the regulation of specific genes is essentially stage‐dependent during the development of epilepsy, highlighting the importance of targeting specific genes at appropriate stages of epilepsy development.
Magnetoencephalography studies in migraine and headache disorders: A systematic review
Authors: Gopalakrishnan Raghavan , Malan Nitesh Singh , Mandava Nymisha , Dunn Eric J. , Nero Neil , Burgess Richard C. , Mays MaryAnn , Hogue Olivia 
Published: November 2024

AbstractBackgroundUnderstanding the neural mechanisms underlying migraine and other primary headache disorders is critical for the development of long‐term cures. Magnetoencephalography (MEG), an imaging modality that measures neuronal currents and cortical excitability with high temporal and superior spatial resolution, has been increasingly used in neurological research. Initial MEG studies showed promise in directly recording cortical spreading depression—a cortical correlate of migraine with aura. However, lately MEG technology has highly evolved with greater potential to reveal underlying pathophysiology of migraine and primary headache disorders, and aid in the identification of biomarkers.ObjectiveTo systematically review the use of MEG in migraine and other primary headache disorders and summarize findings.MethodsWe conducted a systematic search and selection of MEG studies in migraine and primary headache disorders from inception until June 8, 2023, in Medline, Embase, Cochrane, and Scopus databases. Peer‐reviewed English articles reporting the use of MEG for clinical or research purposes in migraine and primary headache disorders were selected.ResultsWe found 560 articles and included 38 in this review after screening. Twelve studies investigated resting‐state, while others investigated a sensory modality using an evoked or event‐related paradigm with a total of 35 cohort and 3 case studies. Thirty‐two studies focused exclusively on migraine, while the rest reported other primary headache disorders.ConclusionThe findings show an evolution of MEG from a 7‐ to a 306‐channel system and analysis evolving from sensor‐level evoked responses to more advanced source‐level connectivity measures. A relatively few MEG studies portrayed migraine and primary headache disorders as a sensory abnormality, especially of the visual system. We found heterogeneity in the datasets, data reporting standards (due to constantly evolving MEG technology and analysis methods), and patient characteristics. Studies were inadequately powered and there was no evidence of blinding procedures to avoid selection bias in case–control studies, which could have led to false‐positive findings. More studies are needed to investigate the affective–cognitive aspects that exacerbate pain and disability in migraine and primary headache disorders.
EFL Adolescents' Use of English in the Era of New Digital Media: An Empirical Investigation
Authors: Davydova Julia 
Published: November 2024

ABSTRACTThe study reported here sets out to investigate to what extent Generation Z EFL speakers employ English in their linguistic practices on digital media platforms and how these compare to the patterns of English use on other social occasions. To that end, 630 adolescents (aged 14 to 18) from five grammar schools were targeted in the Austrian province of Vorarlberg. Results of a 27‐item survey pinpoint young individuals’ habitual reliance on English for (i) socializing on Facebook, Twitter, and similar platforms; (ii) consuming content on YouTube and TikTok; and (iii) watching series on various streaming platforms. Simultaneously, English is also revealed as an important linguistic variant underpinning their daily communicative practices, notably interactions with peers. The multiple linear regression analysis pinpoints statistically significant associations between learners’ habits of digital media use and their in‐group conversational practices. This is interpreted as a sign indicating the emergence of ESL‐like qualities in a traditional EFL setting. It is argued that consuming and engaging with digital media products through English may be affecting the psycholinguistic modus operandus of a noticeable cohort of young EFL speakers, who become increasingly bilingual as a result of those practices. Consequently, it is this adjusted psycholinguistic state (from predominantly monolingual to increasingly bilingual) that motivates the addition of English to the sociolinguistic repertoire of conversational practices.
Perturbations in the skin microbiome of infantile and adult seborrheic dermatitis and new treatment options based on restoring a healthy skin microbiome
Authors: Vorapreechapanich Akira , Thammahong Arsa , Chatsuwan Tanittha , Edwards Steven W. , Kumtornrut Chanat , Chantawarangul Karaked , Chatproedprai Susheera , Wananukul Siriwan , Chiewchengchol Direkrit 
Published: November 2024

AbstractSeborrheic dermatitis (SD) is a common, multifaceted skin condition, but its undefined etiology hampers the development of effective therapeutic strategies. In this review, we describe the intricate relationship between the skin microbiome and the pathogenesis of SD, focusing on the complex interplay between three major groups of organisms that can either induce inflammation (Malassezia spp., Staphylococcus aureus) or else promote healthy skin (Propionibacterium spp.). We describe how the disequilibrium of these microorganisms in the skin microbiome can develop skin inflammation in SD patients. Understanding these complex interactions of the skin microbiome has led to development of novel probiotics (e.g., Vitreoscilla spp. and Lactobacillus spp.) to restore normal skin physiology in SD. There are also differences in the skin microbiomes of healthy and SD infant and adult patients that impact pathogenesis and prompt different management strategies. A deeper understanding of the skin microbiome and its dynamic interactions will provide valuable insights into the pathogenesis of SD and prompt further development of targeted probiotic treatments to restore the balance of the skin microbiome in SD patients.
Safety of abdominal paracentesis in hospitalised patients receiving uninterrupted therapeutic or prophylactic anticoagulants
Authors: Raco Joseph , Bufalini John , Dreer James , Shah Vraj , King Lauren , Wang Li , Evans Matthew 
Published: November 2024

AbstractBackgroundAbdominal paracentesis is a frequently performed procedure in hospitalised patients with ascites. Concurrently, most hospitalised adult patients receive pharmacologic anticoagulation, either for therapeutic purposes or prophylactically to prevent venous thromboembolism. Despite this, minimal evidence exists to guide management of anticoagulant therapy pre‐ and post‐paracentesis.AimsThe authors aimed to investigate the safety of abdominal paracentesis in hospitalised patients receiving therapeutic or prophylactic anticoagulation, including in patients for whom these medications were withheld periprocedurally.MethodsTriNetX, an electronic health record data set, was queried to identify patients between the ages of 18 and 80 years who received an abdominal paracentesis while hospitalised at the authors' institution between September 2017 and June 2022. Patients receiving prophylactic anticoagulation (137), therapeutic anticoagulation (74) and no anticoagulation because of coagulopathy or thrombocytopenia (15) were compared. Rates of withholding anticoagulation, performing service, pre‐ and post‐paracentesis haemoglobin, bleeding complications, thrombotic complications and need for red blood cell transfusion were analysed.ResultsProcedure‐related bleeding complications occurred in two (1.4%) patients in the prophylactic group and 0 (0%) patients in the therapeutic group (P = 0.54). No thrombotic complications occurred. Rates of red blood cell transfusions post‐paracentesis were similar between groups. Analysis of secondary end‐points identified significant differences in rates of withholding anticoagulation and mean change in haemoglobin between performing services.ConclusionPerformance of abdominal paracentesis in patients receiving therapeutic or prophylactic anticoagulation appears to be safe regardless of whether anticoagulation was interrupted periprocedurally, with low rates of bleeding complications, thrombotic complications or need for red blood cell transfusions post‐paracentesis.
Patterns and Predictors of Resilience in Frontline Nurses Before and After Public Health Emergencies: A Latent Transition Analysis
Authors: Li Siyuan , Wu Yuze , Yang Jianyi , Shu Huilan , Luo Lanjun , Wei Xuemei 
Published: November 2024

ABSTRACTObjectiveTo explore the stability of resilience among frontline nurses and to analyse the predictive role of internal and external factors on the patterns of resilience transformation in China during public health emergencies.MethodsThe study used a longitudinal design and surveyed 258 frontline nurses at three different time points: February–March 2020 (T1), May–June 2020 (T2) and May–June 2022 (T3). The survey included the 10‐item Connor–Davidson resilience scale, the Emotion Regulation Questionnaire and the Simple Coping Style Questionnaire. Latent profile analysis and latent transition analysis were used to examine the potential classes and changes. Multivariate logistic regression analysis was applied to evaluate the predictors of resilience transitions.ResultsThe resilience of frontline nurses was divided into three categories: fragile group, general group and high resilience group. From T1 to T2, the general group exhibited the least stability, with a probability of maintaining its original latent state at 72.9%. Marriage and positive coping styles significantly impacted the transition between resilience categories. From T2 to T3, the fragile group showed the lowest stability, with a 74.9% likelihood of retaining its initial latent state. In this context, supportive hospital management (including psychological counselling, restful environments, and both spiritual and material incentives) and individuals' emotional regulation and sleep quality significantly affected the transition between resilience categories.ConclusionsThese findings emphasise the necessity for early intervention. For frontline nurses, conducting initial assessments of resilience coupled with sustained hospital support is crucial for maintaining mental health and improving the quality of nursing care in public health emergencies.ImpactThis study offers a fresh perspective for understanding the resilience of frontline nurses during public health emergencies. At the same time, it reveals the factors that promote or hinder the change in resilience among frontline nurses at both individual and organisational levels. This provides a theoretical basis for future resilience interventions and helps us formulate effective crisis management strategies to respond to future public health emergencies. For frontline nurses with diverse resilience characteristics and relevant transformation factors, a personalised multi‐mode resilience improvement plan can be developed to mitigate public health emergencies' potential adverse psychological impact on frontline nurses, especially those in the fragile group.Patient or Public ContributionNo patient or public contribution.
Bipolarity and Antitropicality in Marine Taxa: Understanding the Complexities of Latitudinal Distribution
Authors: Chen Emily Yi‐Shyuan , Trudnowska Emilia , Błachowiak‐Samołyk Katarzyna 
Published: November 2024

ABSTRACTAimThis systematic review aims to analyse the current status of research on marine bipolar and antitropical distribution patterns by exploring temporal trends, studied taxa, inconsistencies in definitions and the extent of molecular evidence in bipolar and antitropical species.LocationGlobal marine environments, with a special focus on Polar Regions.Time Period1800s to 2024.Major Taxa StudiedMarine taxa across all phyla, ranging from algae and zooplankton groups to fish and cetaceans.MethodsA systematic literature search was conducted using Scopus, PubMed and Google Scholar databases. Studies were screened for relevant publications of marine taxa displaying bipolar or antitropical distributions, and data were extracted in order to perform a numerical summary of aspects including temporal trends, taxa representation and agreement with this article's standardised definitions. Additional data were gathered from The Arctic Register of Marine Species (ARMS) and The Register of Antarctic Marine Species (RAMS) databases. Distribution data were then extracted to verify the potential bipolarity of species present in both databases.ResultsFrom 221 articles, 665 marine taxa records were extracted, of which 517 records were categorised as antitropical and 148 as bipolar. Molecular evidence existed for 25% of non‐paleontological records. A considerable amount of records (44%) did not match the definitions used in this review. The data taken from ARMS and RAMS revealed 408 shared species, of which 41 species were listed as bipolar by the literature collected in this study.Main ConclusionsMarine bipolarity and antitropicality have been topics of interest since the 1800s, especially between 2008 and 2017. However, the discrepancy between the number of potentially bipolar species in publicly available species databases and literature‐based estimates underscores the need for further research of neglected taxa. Future research should prioritise including molecular evidence, transparent terminology and interdisciplinary approaches to address the complexities of marine disjunct distributions.
The New CAP and the Participative Method in Decision‐Making: A Textual Analysis of the Italian Case
Authors: Henke Roberto , Pomponi Tommaso , Vassallo Marco , Mazzocchi Giampiero , Monteleone Alessandro , Sorrentino Alessandro 
Published: November 2024

AbstractThe main objective of this article is to analyse the role of the partnership approach in the decision process regarding the new CAP reform that guaranteed higher flexibility and better targeting. What was the impact of the multi‐actor decision‐making process on the reform process? How can policies be designed to increasingly listen to stakeholders' needs? To answer these questions, stakeholder interventions at the Partnership Table were analysed with a text mining and a sentiment analysis applied to the transcripts. Despite several weaknesses and biases in bringing national stakeholders to the institutional tables, the decision process moved towards a higher rate of flexibility, subsidiarity and transparency, overtaking the concept of ‘one size fits all’ that has dominated the CAP. The downside of this aspect is that the reform might favour member states with a solid tradition of CAP reception and administrative efficiency, able to move smoothly towards an effective participatory approach.