bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Intention to leave and associated factors among laboratory professionals working in Amhara National Regional State public hospitals, Ethiopia: institutional based cross-sectional study
Authors: Dellie Endalkachew , Andargie Gashaw , Asrade Geta , Gebremedhin Tsegaye 
Published: July 2019

Abstract
Objective

laboratory professionals play a vital role in the detection, diagnosis, and treatment of diseases. Therefore, it is important to get a deeper knowledge of workplace variables that either motivates laboratory staffs to remain employed or lead them to leave their current jobs. Thus, this study aimed to assess intention to leave and associated factors among laboratory professionals working in public hospitals of Amhara National Regional State, Ethiopia.

Results

A total of 220 (65.5%) with 95% CI: 60-70 laboratory professionals had the intention to leave their hospitals. Dissatisfaction with educational opportunity (AOR: 3.59, 95% CI: 1.61-7.99), pay and benefit (AOR: 3.89, 95% CI: 1.53-9.89), recognition (AOR: 2.69, 95% CI: 1.35-5.38), working environment (AOR: 2.77, 95% CI: 1.45-3.30), high workload (AOR: 1.94, 95% CI: 1.04-3.63), low affective commitment (AOR: 2.05, 95% CI: 1.10-3.82) and being unmarried (AOR:2.46, 95% CI: 1.32-4.58) were the factors significantly associated with intention to leave. The magnitude of laboratory professionals’ intention to leave was found to be high. Health care policymakers and hospital managers need to develop and institutionalize evidence-based retention strategies to reduce the intention of laboratory professionals to leave.
Proportion of neonatal sepsis and determinant factors among neonates admitted in University of Gondar comprehensive specialized hospital neonatal Intensive care unit Northwest Ethiopia 2017
Authors: Yismaw Ayenew Engida , Abebil Tirngo Yihunie , Biweta Mulunesh Abuhay , Araya Bilen Mekonnen 
Published: July 2019

Abstract
Objective

Neonatal sepsis is one of the most common causes for neonatal hospitalization in developing countries. It is also a major cause of mortality in the world affecting both developed and developing countries. Diagnosis and management of sepsis are a great challenge facing neonatologists in neonatal intensive care units due to nonspecific signs and symptoms. This study, therefore, was aimed to determine proportion and risk factors of neonatal sepsis at university of Gondar comprehensive specialized hospital, North West Ethiopia.

Result

Proportion of neonatal sepsis was 11.7%. Factors significantly associated with neonatal sepsis were: Neonatal related factors were: Premature rupture of membrane (AOR=2.74; 95%Cl (1.39, 5.38), congenital anomaly (AOR=3.14; 95%CI (1.09, 10.28), and low Apgar score (AOR=2.69; 95%Cl (1.37, 5.26). Maternal factors were: foul smelling vaginal discharge (AOR=2.75; 95%Cl (1.40, 5.38), and Intrapartum fever (AOR=3.35; 95%Cl (1.7, 6.62).

In this finding proportion of Neonatal sepsis was low. Measures targeting the prevention of premature rupture of membranes and low Apgar score need to be taken, like strengthening maternal birth preparedness and complication readiness plans. Also, identification of congenital anomalies earlier in pregnancy may decrease neonatal sepsis.
Validity and Reliability of a Hausa Language Questionnaire Assessing Information, Motivation and Behavioural Skills for Malaria Prevention during Pregnancy
Authors: BALAMI AHMED DAHIRU , Said Salmiah Muhammad , Zulkefli Nor Afiah Muhammad , Norsa’adah Bachok , Audu Bala Muhammad 
Published: July 2019

Abstract
Background

Many studies on malaria knowledge, attitude and practice among pregnant have been conducted in Hausa speaking communities in Nigeria. Despite this, no standard and uniform instrument for assessing this important public health problem has been developed in the Hausa language, even though it is widely spoken. The aim of this study was to develop and validate a questionnaire in Hausa language assessing information, motivation, and behavioural skills for malaria prevention during pregnancy.

Methods

The questionnaire was first developed in English language, and then assessed for its contents by a team of experts. It was then forwardly translated to Hausa, and backwardly translated again to English by independent language experts. These two English versions were then compared by a Public Health expert, following which the questionnaire was administered to 190 Hausa speaking antenatal care attendees. Exploratory factor analysis was performed on the data collected. Sixty three out of the 190 respondents were invited after two weeks to answer the same questionnaire, following which reliability tests were performed.

Results

The questionnaire showed good internal consistency, with Cronbach’s alpha values of 0.859, 0.890 and 0.773 for information, motivation and behavioural skills constructs respectively. The motivation and behavioural skills constructs were able to delineate their items into three and two sub-sections respectively. The factor loadings for the two constructs ranged from 0.610 to 0.965. As for test retest reliability, the Krippendorff’s alpha values for the items of the motivation section ranged from 0.941 to 0.996; that for behavioural skills ranged from 0.810 to 0.953, while for frequency of ITN use, it was 0.988. The Cohen’s kappa values for the information section ranged from 0.689-0.974, except the item for ‘fever’ (zazzabi) which was 0.382, and was as such reworded to a simpler terminology ‘hotness of the body’ (zafin jiki).

Conclusions

The Hausa language IMB questionnaire on malaria in pregnancy demonstrated good validity, and a high level of reliability. It is as such recommended for use among Hausa speaking communities to ensure uniformity and objectivity.
Lessons learned from engaging communities for Ebola vaccine trials in Sierra Leone: Reciprocity, reliability, relationships and respect (The Four R’s)
Authors: Dada Sara , McKay Gillian , Mateus Ana L. , Lees Shelley 
Published: July 2019

Abstract
Background

Building trust and engaging the community are important for biomedical trials. This was core to the set up and delivery of the EBOVAC-Salone and PREVAC Ebola vaccine trials in Sierra Leone during and following the 2014-2016 West African Ebola epidemic. Local community liaison teams (CLT) engaged with the community through public meetings, radio chat shows, and other activities, while a social science team (SST) assessed community members’ and participants’ perceptions and regularly updated the clinical team to adapt procedures to improve the acceptability and compliance of the trial. The objective of this study was to examine the community engagement (CE) program in these trials and to identify potential barriers and facilitators.

Methods

Fifteen CLT and SST members participated in in-depth interviews and 23 community members attended three focus groups to discuss the Ebola vaccine trials and their experiences and perspectives of the CE activities.

Results

A key aim of the CE program was to build trust between the community and the trial. Four main principles (the “four R’s”) evolved from the discussions with team members and the community that influenced this trust: reciprocity, relatability, relationships and respect. The CLT and SST ensured reciprocal communication between the trial and the community. The CLT delivered key messages from the trial, whilst the SST completed ethnographic research in the field to uncover rumors and perceptions of the trial in the community. These ethnographic findings were shared with the CLT and addressed in targeted messaging to the community. Both the CLT and SST approached the communities in an egalitarian manner, by dressing modestly, speaking local dialects, and using relatable examples. Appreciation and understanding of the importance of interpersonal relationships and respect for the people, their customs, and traditions also played a large role in the CE program.

Conclusion

These findings provide an in-depth understanding of how interdisciplinary community liaison and social science teams can work with a clinical team to strengthen trust. The four R’s suggest the ways in which trust relations are central to CE and confidence in vaccine trials, and could offer an approach to CE in vaccine trials.
Fatty acid accumulation analysis based on transcriptome sequencing of developmental herbaceous peony ‘Hangshao’ ( Paeonia lactiflora ‘Hangshao’) seeds
Authors: Meng Jiasong , Tang Yuhan , Sun Jing , Tao Jun 
Published: July 2019

Abstract
Background: Paeonia lactiflora ‘Hangshao’ is widely cultivated in China because its root can be used to produce raw materials for traditional Chinese medicine ‘Radix Paeoniae Alba’. Due to the presence of abundant unsaturated fatty acids in its seed, it also can be regarded as a new oil plant. However, the process of the biosynthesis of unsaturated fatty acid in herbaceous peony ‘Hangshao’ remained largely unknown. Therefore, transcriptome analysis is helpful to better understand the molecular mechanisms.
Results: Five main fatty acids, stearic acid, palmitic acid, oleic acid, linoleic acid and α-linolenic acid, were detected, and their absolute contents increased first and then decreased during seed development. A total of 150,156 Unigenes were obtained by transcriptome sequencing, with an average length of 1,030 bp. There were 1,550 Unigenes annotated in the seven functional databases including NR, NT, GO, KOG, KEGG, SwissProt and InterPro. Based on KEGG database, 1,766 Unigenes were annotated in the lipid metabolic pathways, among which 103, 74 and 70 Unigenes are annotated into fatty acid biosynthesis pathway, fatty acid elongation pathway and unsaturated fatty acid synthesis pathway; respectively. A total of 1480 DEGs were detected. Among them, 83 DEGs were enriched in the fatty acid metabolism pathway, including 12 DEGs involved in the fatty acid biosynthesis and 1 DEG involved in fatty acid elongation. Furthermore, qRT-PCR was used to analyze the expression patterns of nine fatty acid biosynthetic related genes including FBCP, BC, FabD, FabF, FATB, KCR, FAD2, FAD3 and FAD7, and it showed that they all highest expressed at 45 DAF.
Conclusions: This study provides the first comprehensive genomic resources characterizing herbaceous peony seeds gene expression at the transcriptional level. These data lay the foundation for elucidating the molecular mechanism of the lipid biosynthesis and fatty acid accumulation for herbaceous peony 'Hangshao'.
Diagnostic accuracy of multi-slice computed tomography in Children with Abernethy malformation
Authors: Guo Chen , Zhong Yumin , Wang Qian , Hu Liwei , Gu Xiaohong , Shao Hong , Wu Wei , Cao Jianfeng , Qiu Haisheng 
Published: July 2019

Abstract
Background：The purpose of this study was to demonstrate manifestations of multi-slice computed tomography (MSCT) in Abernethy malformation and its diagnostic accuracy.
Methods：Fourteen children with Abernethy malformation were admitted to our center in China between July 2011 and January 2018. All 14 patients (eight males and six females) received MSCT and digital subtraction angiography (DSA) while eight patients also received ultrasound. The patients’ age ranged from 1 to 14 (median age 8 years old). The clinical records of the patients were retrospectively reviewed. MSCT raw data were transferred to an Advantage Windows 4.2 or 4.6 workstation (General Electric Medical Systems, Waukesha, WI). We compared the findings of MSCT with DSA and surgical results in order to ascertain diagnostic accuracy.
Results：Three cases had type Ib Abernethy malformation and eleven cases had type II. Two cases of type II Abernethy malformation were misdiagnosed as type Ib using MSCT. Clinical information included congenital heart disease, pulmonary hypertension, diffuse pulmonary arteriovenous fistula, abnormal liver function, hepatic nodules, elevated blood ammonia, and hepatic encephalopathy. Comparing the findings of MSCT with DSA and surgical results, the accuracy of MSCT was 85.7% (12/14), in which 100.0% were type Ib and 81.8% were type II.
Conclusion：MSCT attains excellent capability in diagnosing type II Abernethy malformation and further shows the location of the portacaval shunt. DSA can help when it is hard to determine diagnosis between Abernethy type Ib and II using MSCT.

Key words: Abernethy malformation; Angiograph; Tomography
Involvement of SLC39A6 in gastric adenocarcinoma and correlation of the SLC39A6 polymorphism rs1050631 with clinical outcomes after resection
Authors: Gao Jian , Ren Wenjun , Xiao Chunhong , Wang Lie , Huang Qiaojia , Zhang Zaizhong , Dang Yuan , Weng Pengcheng , Wang Hui , Fang Xuehong , Zhuang Minxian , Lin Liying , Chen shaoquan 
Published: July 2019

Abstract
The single-nucleotide polymorphism SLC39A6 rs1050631 is strongly implicated in esophageal squamous cell carcinoma, leading us to question whether it may also play a role in gastric adenocarcima (GA). We genotyped the SLC39A6 rs1050631 in 512 patients who underwent GA resection. All study subjects lived in an area of China with high GA incidence. Genotypes were examined for possible correlation with survival and recurrence. The potential involvement of SLC39A6 in gastric cancer was explored in clinical samples and cell culture studies. Multivariable analysis showed that patients with the CT+TT genotype at SLC39A6 rs1050631 were at greater risk of recurrence (hazard ratio, HR 1.387, p = 0.004) and death (HR 1.429, p =0.002) than patients with CC genotype. Median recurrence-free and overall survival were significantly shorter in patients with the CT+TT genotype (20, 27 months) than in patients with the CC genotype (36, 43 months, p = 0.001, p < 0.001). Patients with the CT+TT genotype who were male or ≥60 years, or who had a tumor ≥ 5 cm or a moderately differentiated tumor were at significantly higher risk of recurrence and death. SLC39A6 was overexpressed in tissues from GA patients and in GA cell lines, and SLC39A6 knockdown in GA cell lines inhibited their proliferation, migration and invasion. In conclusion, SLC39A6 rs1050631 correlates with post-resection prognosis of GA patients and SLC39A6 may participate in GA onset or progression.
SURİYE KAYNAKLI GÖÇ EKSENİNDE TÜRK GÖÇ MEVZUATININ TARİHSEL AÇIDAN YENİDEN DEĞERLENDİRİLMESİ
Authors: ABACI YILDIZ Cansu 
Published: July 2019

Türkiye coğrafi konumu nedeniyle Doğudan Batıya olan göçün güzergahı üzerinde bulunmaktadır. Bu nedenle de tarihin çeşitli zamanlarında göç akınlarına maruz kalmış ve kalmaya da devam etmektedir. Göçün sürekliliği ve evrenselliği ayrıca Türkiye’nin coğrafi konumu konunun yasal düzlemde ve ayrıntılı olarak ele alınmasını gerekli kılmaktadır. Türkiye ilk göç akınını Yunanistan’la olan mübadele anlaşması sonrasında almıştır ve göç politikalarına ilişkin ilk mevzuat 1926 yılında düzenlenmiş ve yıllar içerisinde genişletilmiştir. Ancak göçün sürekliliği daha kapsamlı yasaların çıkarılmasını gerekli kılmıştır. Türkiye’nin Cenevre Anlaşması’nı imzalarken coğrafi sınırlama koyması uluslararası anlamda terim farklılıklarına neden olmuştur. 2005 yılında başlayan AB uyum süreci çerçevesinde dağınık halde bulunan mevzuatın toplanması ve sınır güvenliğinin sağlanması için çalışmalar başlamıştır. 2013 yılında Yabancılar ve Uluslararası Koruma Kanununun çıkarılmasına kadar Türkiye’nin göç politikaları kısaca dağınık ve yetersiz kalmıştır. Bu çalışma, 2011’den sonra Ortadoğu’da başlayan ayaklanmaların Suriye’de yarattığı siyasi kaosun Türkiye’de yasal anlamda neleri değiştirdiği üzerinedir. Bu çalışmada Türkiye’nin göç politikaları konusundaki geçmiş ve güncel mevzuatlar incelenecek ve Türkiye’nin karşılaştığı en büyük kitlesel göç karşısında hukukun ne denli yeterli kaldığı ve AB yolundaki Türkiye’nin göç politikalarının ne denli ihtiyaçları karşıladığı tartışılacaktır.
KADINLARDA SUÇ KORKUSUNUN ÇEŞİTLİ DEĞİŞKENLER AÇISINDAN DEĞERLENDİRİLMESİ: KUZEY KIBRIS ÖRNEĞİ
Authors: KÖSEOĞLU Mualla , İÇLİ Tülin 
Published: July 2019

Bu araştırmada Kuzey
Kıbrıs’ta yaşayan kadınların suç korkularının yaş, eğitim durumu, gelir durumu,
medeni durum, yaşanan bölge gibi çeşitli değişkenler açısından incelenmesi
hedeflenmiştir. Bu değişkenlerin yanında, kadınların suç korkusunu tetitklediği
varsayılan mağduriyet modeli ile düzensizlik modelinin etkileri de
değerlendirilmiştir. Araştırmacı
tarafından geliştirilen soru formu, Kuzey Kıbrıs Türk Cumhuriyeti’nin (KKTC)
beş bölgesi olan Lefkoşa, Girne, Gazimağusa, Güzelyurt ve İskele’de yaşayan 18
yaş üstü KKTC vatandaşı 366 kadına uygulanmıştır. Elde edilen bulgular
değerlendirildiğinde, Kuzey Kıbrıs’ta yaşayan kadınların suç korku düzeyi 75
üzerinden 35 çıkarken, suç korkusunu en yüksek seviyede yaşayan kadınların
Lefkoşa ve Gazimağusa bölgelerinde ikamet ettiği gözlenmiştir. Düzensizlik
modeline göre en yoğun fiziki ve sosyal düzensizlik unsurlarının bu iki bölgede
yer aldığı ve bunun kadınların suç korkusunu artırdığı tespit edilmiştir.
Araştırmada kullanılan bir diğer model olan mağduriyet modelinin Kuzey
Kıbrıs’ta yaşayan kadınların suç korkularını artırıcı bir etkiye sahip olmadığı
belirlenmiştir. Yaş, eğitim durumu ve medeni durumun suç korkusunu artırıcı bir
etkiye sahip olmadığı görülürken, gelir durumu ve yaşanan bölgenin Kuzey
Kıbrıs’taki kadınların suç korkusunun açıklanmasında önemli bir etki yarattığı
gözlenmiştir.
Anti-VEGF Treatment and Response in Age-related Macular Degeneration: Disease’s Susceptibility, Pharmacogenetics and Pharmacokinetics
Authors: Maroñas Olalla , García-Quintanilla Laura , Luaces-Rodríguez Andrea , Fernández-Ferreiro Anxo , Latorre-Pellicer Ana , Abraldes Maximino J. , Lamas María J. , Carracedo Angel 
Published: July 2019

:
The current review is focussing different factors that contribute and directly correlate to the
onset and progression of Age-related Macular Degeneration (AMD). In particular, the susceptibility to
AMD due to genetic and non-genetic factors and the establishment of risk scores, based on the analysis
of different genes to measure the risk of developing the disease. A correlation with the actual therapeutic
landscape to treat AMD patients from the point of view of pharmacokinetics and pharmacogenetics
is also exposed. Treatments commonly used, as well as different regimes of administration, will be
especially important in trying to classify individuals as “responders” and “non-responders”. Analysis of
different genes correlated with drug response and also the emerging field of microRNAs (miRNAs) as
possible biomarkers for early AMD detection and response will be also reviewed.

:
This article aims to provide the reader a review of different publications correlated with AMD from the
molecular and kinetic point of view as well as its commonly used treatments, major pitfalls and future
directions that, to our knowledge, could be interesting to assess and follow in order to develop a personalized
medicine model for AMD.
Inflammation as the Common Biological Link Between Depression and Cardiovascular Diseases: Can Carnosine Exert a Protective Role?
Authors: Caruso Giuseppe , Fresta Claudia G. , Grasso Margherita , Santangelo Rosa , Lazzarino Giuseppe , Lunte Susan M. , Caraci Filippo 
Published: July 2019

:Several epidemiological studies have clearly shown the high co-morbidity between depression and Cardiovascular Diseases (CVD). Different studies have been conducted to identify the common pathophysiological events of these diseases such as the overactivation of the hypothalamic- pituitary-adrenal axis and, most importantly, the dysregulation of immune system which causes a chronic pro-inflammatory status. The biological link between depression, inflammation, and CVD can be related to high levels of pro-inflammatory cytokines, such as IL-1β, TNF-α, and IL-6, released by macrophages which play a central role in the pathophysiology of both depression and CVD. Pro-inflammatory cytokines interfere with many of the pathophysiological mechanisms relevant to depression by upregulating the rate-limiting enzymes in the metabolic pathway of tryptophan and altering serotonin metabolism. These cytokines also increase the risk to develop CVD, because activation of macrophages under this pro-inflammatory status is closely associated with endothelial dysfunction and oxidative stress, a preamble to atherosclerosis and atherothrombosis.:Carnosine (β-alanyl-L-histidine) is an endogenous dipeptide which exerts a strong antiinflammatory activity on macrophages by suppressing reactive species and pro-inflammatory cytokines production and altering pro-inflammatory/anti-inflammatory macrophage polarization. This dipeptide exhibits antioxidant properties scavenging reactive species and preventing oxidative stress-induced pathologies such as CVD.:In the present review we will discuss the role of oxidative stress and chronic inflammation as common pathophysiological events both in depression and CVD and the preclinical and clinical evidence on the protective effect of carnosine in both diseases as well as the therapeutic potential of this dipeptide in depressed patients with a high co-morbidity of cardiovascular diseases.
Serial Quantification of Urinary Protein Biomarkers to Predict Drug-induced Acute Kidney Injury
Authors: Da Yi , Akalya K. , Murali Tanusya , Vathsala Anantharaman , Tan Chuen-Seng , Low Sanmay , Lim Hui-Ning , Teo Boon-Wee , Lau Titus , Ong Lizhen , Chua Horng-Ruey 
Published: July 2019

Background: :Drug-induced Acute Kidney Injury (AKI) develops in 10-15% of patients who receive nephrotoxic medications. Urinary biomarkers of renal tubular dysfunction may detect nephrotoxicity early and predict AKI.Methods::We prospectively studied patients who received aminoglycosides, vancomycin, amphotericin, or calcineurin inhibitors, and collected their serial urine while on therapy. Patients who developed drug-induced AKI (fulfilling KDIGO criteria) were matched with non-AKI controls in a 1:2 ratio. Their urine samples were batch-analyzed at time-intervals leading up to AKI onset; the latter benchmarked against the final day of nephrotoxic therapy in non- AKI controls. Biomarkers examined include clusterin, beta-2-microglobulin, KIM1, MCP1, cystatin-C, trefoil-factor- 3, NGAL, interleukin-18, GST-Pi, calbindin, and osteopontin; biomarkers were normalized with corresponding urine creatinine.Results::Nine of 84 (11%) patients developed drug-induced AKI. Biomarkers from 7 AKI cases with pre-AKI samples were compared with those from 14 non-AKI controls. Corresponding mean ages were 55(±17) and 52(±16) years; baseline eGFR were 99(±21) and 101(±24) mL/min/1.73m2 (all p=NS). Most biomarker levels peaked before the onset of AKI. Median levels of 5 biomarkers were significantly higher in AKI cases than controls at 1-3 days before AKI onset (all µg/mmol): clusterin [58(8-411) versus 7(3-17)], beta-2-microglobulin [1632(913-3823) versus 253(61-791)], KIM1 [0.16(0.13-0.76) versus 0.07(0.05-0.15)], MCP1 [0.40(0.16-1.90) versus 0.07(0.04-0.17)], and cystatin-C [33(27-2990) versus 11(7-19)], all p<0.05; their AUROC for AKI prediction were >0.80 (confidence intervals >0.50), with average accuracy highest for clusterin (86%), followed by beta-2-microglobulin, cystatin-C, MCP1, and KIM1 (57%) after cross-validation.Conclusion: :Serial surveillance of these biomarkers could improve the lead time for nephrotoxicity detection by days.