bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Evaluation of Conventional Techniques and Ultrasonic Extraction of Some Plant by-products as Eco-friendly Antimicrobial Agents for Food Pathogens and Spoilage Microorganisms
Authors: Ali Amal Mohamoud , Latif Souzan Saad , Abdel-Aleem Waleed Mohamed , Kenawi Mohamed Naguib 
Published: November 2024

Abstract

Plant byproduct extracts are obtained by extracting bioactive compounds from various plant byproduct sources, such as leaves, seeds and peels. These sources are rich in bioactive compounds such as total phenols (TPC), total flavonoids (TFC), and antioxidant capacity (TAC). These compounds have antioxidant and antimicrobial effects; hence, they are widely used as natural preservatives. The antimicrobial activity of organic extracts of some plant byproducts was determined via the disk diffusion method. The results revealed that the solvent (70%, 50% ethanol and water extraction) and extraction methods (conventional and ultrasonic extraction) significantly affected the amount of photochemical compounds (phenols, total flavonoids and total antioxidants) and antioxidant activity. Compared with the conventional method, ultrasonic extraction clearly affected antimicrobial activity, as it was more effective against Fusarium solani, Penicillium digitatum, E. coli and Erwinia cartov in most of the extracts. Pomegranate peels subjected to ultrasonic extraction resulted in the greatest inhibitory effect on the diameter of E. coli (31.5 mm) and Erwinia cartov (29.5 mm) in addition to fungi (Penicillium ssp., 31.5 mm). However, the 50% ultrasonic ethanolic extract of Sidr leaves was highly effective against F. solani. Through this study, it became clear that the extraction method and the solvent used led to an increase in antimicrobial activity, and pomegranate peel extraction resulted in a higher inhibition rate than did the chemical preservatives used in the study. Therefore, plant extracts can be used as safe alternatives to chemical preservatives.
Comprehensive Source Tracing and Process Supervision of Coating Industrial Wastewater Using Integrated Water Quality Parameters and Fluorescence Spectroscopy
Authors: Yuan Jinlong , Chen Shiying , Ge Baoxin , Cui Mingyang , Wong Yongjie , Qi Yuanfeng , Ge Yanhong , Hao Aimin , He Kai 
Published: November 2024

Abstract

Rapid industrialization has led to centralized industrial parks, particularly for heavily polluting industries like coatings, which generate significant volumes of hazardous wastewater. Effective influent management and process monitoring are essential for the stable operation of wastewater treatment plants in these parks. This study collected samples from factories in a coating industrial park and its treatment plant to characterize water quality. Fluorescence spectra were analyzed using Parallel Factor Analysis (PARAFAC) to identify specific components. A characteristic fluorescence peak at Ex/Em = 350/425 nm was detected, indicating the presence of aromatic hydrocarbons. Conventional treatment was ineffective in removing these substances, while ozone-catalyzed oxidation effectively degraded them. UV254 showed significant correlations with the biological index (BIX) (r=-0.52) and fluorescence component C1 (r = 0.85), suggesting its potential as a pollutant marker. Component C4, identified as lignin-like, is typical of coating industry materials. These findings demonstrate the potential of fluorescence spectroscopy and PARAFAC for tracing wastewater sources and monitoring pollutant degradation in industrial treatment plants.
Unveiling Unique Expression Patterns of D20S16 Satellite DNA in Human Embryonic Development
Authors: Hu Yajie , Mizuguchi Kenji , Hashimoto Kousuke 
Published: November 2024

Abstract

Background: Satellite DNA plays a crucial role in maintaining chromosomal stability and gene regulation. However, its specific functions during early embryonic development are not fully understood. In this study, we investigate the expression patterns and regulatory mechanisms of D20S16 satellite DNA during critical stages of human embryogenesis by integrating the complete human genome reference (T2T-CHM13) with RNA-seq data.
Results: Our comprehensive analysis reveals that D20S16 exhibits high expression levels in early developmental stages, followed by a significant decline as development progresses. We identified 20 distinct D20S16 elements in the human genome and found that only two elements, located on chromosome 20, are transcriptionally active during embryogenesis. Comparative analysis with macaque data further demonstrates that D20S16 is minimally expressed in macaque embryos, which have shorter and fewer repeat units compared to humans.
Conclusion: These findings suggest that D20S16 plays a unique regulatory role in human embryonic development, with its expression being potentially linked to specific chromosomal locations. This study provides new insights into the role of satellite DNA in early development and sets the foundation for future research into its function and evolutionary significance.
Targeted degradation of host messenger RNA by a bacterial pathogen
Authors: Hartland Elizabeth , McCaffrey Kathleen , Sivaraman Hariharan , von Ameln Joshua , Wibawa Raissa , Li Pengfei , Pidot Sacha , Pasricha Shivani , Ng Garrett , Garama Daniel , Driel Ian van , Garbi Natalio , Wong Wilson 
Published: November 2024

Abstract

Post-transcriptional processing and modification of messenger RNA (mRNA) regulates gene expression in eukaryotes by dictating the stability, localisation and translation of newly synthesised transcripts 1. These epitranscriptomic events are coordinated by an extensive network of RNA-binding proteins 2,3. Here we observed that the bacterial pathogen, Legionella pneumophila, caused the selective degradation of host cellular mRNAs encoding factors involved in glycolysis and related metabolic pathways. Screening of a library of L. pneumophila deletion mutant strains revealed a single effector protein, LegC4, that mediated the post-transcriptional degradation of host mRNAs encoding key glycolytic enzymes, thereby suppressing host glycolysis during infection. Using CLIP-seq and complementary methods, we observed that LegC4 bound to mature processed host mRNA recognising a guanine (G)-rich motif that was overrepresented within mRNAs targeted for degradation. In vitro activity assays showed that LegC4 harboured intrinsic RNase activity and structural determination of a catalytically inactive mutant of LegC4 in complex with single-stranded RNA revealed a unique RNA-binding domain 4. The selective binding and degradation of host mRNA by LegC4 reveals a previously undescribed mechanism of bacterial effector protein activity targeting the host epitranscriptome.
Natural Deep Eutectic Solvents Impregnated Graphene Oxide as an effective adsorbent for Dispersive Solid Phase Microextraction of Cd(II) From Environmental Samples
Authors: OZALP Ozgur , KORI Abdul Hameed , Soylak Mustafa 
Published: November 2024

Abstract

A sensitive and selective dispersive solid phase microextraction procedure was developed by synthesizing NaDES impregnated Graphene oxide nanocomposite (GO@NaDES) for the determination of trace amounts of cadmium prior to high-resolution continuum source flame atomic absorption spectrometry (HR-CS-FAAS) measurement. The detection limit, preconcentration factor, enrichment factor, and relative standard deviation were determined as 0.613 µg L− 1, 30, 30.3 and 4.0-5.5%, respectively. The method was successfully applied to natural and water samples and the amount of Cd was measured effectively. The d-SPME method developed will contribute to the literature as a practical, environmentally friendly and inexpensive method that can be performed in a short time of about 15 minutes, including analysis for Cd(II) analysis at the trace level in environmental water and food samples.
Salient Region-Aware Hashing with Interactive Channel Optimization for Fine-Grained Image Retrieval
Authors: Cao Congjun , Liao Kaiyang , Feng Wen 
Published: November 2024

Abstract

The fine-grained image retrieval task is challenging due to small inter-class and large intra-class variations, making it hard for hashing methods to distinguish subtle differences. Traditional algorithms often overlook detail in feature extraction, mapping similar images to different hash codes, while existing methods focus on dense regions and ignore other discriminative areas, lowering accuracy. Additionally, current approaches lack inter-channel correlation modeling, limiting feature aggregation. This paper proposes a hashing method based on salient region localization to capture fine-grained local features and an interactive channel transformation module to model inter-channel relationships. Experiments on four benchmark datasets show significant retrieval accuracy improvements over baselines, enhancing fine-grained image retrieval performance.
Peri-conception human papillomavirus vaccination exposure and risk of birth defects: a population-based retrospective cohort study
Authors: Guo Jin , Xiong Yiquan , Zhao Peng , Liu Chunrong , Liao Mingyu , Chen Jingwen , Ren Yan , Yao Guanhua , Qian Yongyao , Rong Biao , Qi Huanyang , Chen Moliang , Zou Kang , Sun Xin , Tan Jing 
Published: November 2024

Abstract

Background
With the global push for human papillomavirus (HPV) vaccination, many women of childbearing age may receive this vaccine around the time of conception. Previous studies have clarified the association between Peri-conception HPV vaccination and several adverse pregnancy outcomes (e.g., spontaneous abortion). However, the risk for birth defects remains controversial due to limited large-scale studies. This study aims to investigate whether peri-conception HPV vaccination is associated with an increased risk of birth defects.
Methods
This population-based retrospective cohort study included 177,574 pregnancies conceived between March 2018 and December 2021 in Xiamen, China. Peri-conception HPV exposure was defined as vaccination occurring from 90 days before the LMP to the end of the first trimester (i.e.,13+ 6 gestational weeks, approximately 97 days after the LMP). Propensity score matching (PSM) based Poisson regression was used to estimate the adjusted relative risk (aRR) of HPV vaccine exposure for total birth defects, excluding chromosomal abnormalities and 10 organ system-specific birth defects. Two subgroup analyses, including different exposure windows (pre-30 days [30 days preceding the LMP to 97 days after the LMP] vs. first trimester) and vaccine valences (quadrivalent vs. 9-valent), six sensitivity analyses, and a negative control analysis were performed.
Results
A total of 177,574 pregnancies were included, of which 566 were exposed to the HPV vaccine during the Peri-conception period. The rate of Peri-conception vaccine exposure increased from 0.10% in 2018 to 0.58% in 2021. After 1:4 PSM, Peri-conception HPV vaccination was not associated with an increased risk of total birth defects (2.22% vs. 2.88%; aRR 0.77, 95% confidence interval [CI] 0.42–1.42). Similarly, no significant association was found between HPV vaccination and the risk of 10 organ system-specific birth defects. In subgroup analyses, exposure during pre-30 days (aRR 0.59, 95% CI 0.23–1.48) and the first trimester (aRR 0.61, 95% CI 0.14–2.69) and exposure to the 4vHPV (aRR 1.25, 95% CI 0.62–2.51) and 9vHPV (aRR 0.57, 95% CI 0.13–2.49) vaccines were not associated with a higher risk of total birth defects. All sensitivity and negative control analyses demonstrated the robustness of the results.
Conclusions
Our evidence suggests that exposure to the HPV vaccine before and during early pregnancy does not increase the risk of birth defects. This conclusion helps increase the willingness of women of childbearing age to receive HPV vaccination.
Trial registration:
This population-based retrospective cohort study was registered at ClinicalTrials.gov (NCT06180447, December 21, 2023).
Spatiotemporal evolution characteristics and trend prediction of the fertility level of women of childbearing age in China
Authors: Hua Yiwei , Wang Lin , Wang Wenzhen , Wen Yaling , Liu Xiaochun 
Published: November 2024

Abstract

Objective
The purpose of this study is to understand the temporal trends and spatial distribution characteristics of the fertility rate of women of childbearing age in China and 31 provincial-level administrative regions from 2008 to 2022, and to make projections of future trends in the fertility rate.
Methods
Statistical data related to fertility were collected from 2008 to 2022 for China and 31 provincial administrative regions (except Hong Kong, Macao and Taiwan). Statistical descriptions of the fertility situation were made in both spatial and temporal dimensions to understand its spatial and temporal distribution; the future trend of fertility was predicted by using the ARIMA projection model of time series analysis, and the spatial autocorrelation analysis was used to explore its spatial aggregation characteristics.
Results
From 2008 to 2022, the fertility level of women of childbearing age in China has been in a long-term depression and there is a trend of continued decline, with the phenomenon of delayed childbearing evident in the population of childbearing age. The spatial pattern shows a gradual decrease from south to north.China, as well as the three major regions of the East, Centre and West, will reach their lowest point in 2023, followed by a slow recovery and a gradual stabilisation in the following decade, but will still be at a relatively low level of fertility as a whole;while in the Northeast, fertility levels will continue to decline and will be in a state of negative growth in 2036. There is a positive spatial autocorrelation of fertility levels across provinces,and the characteristics of the spatial agglomeration of fertility levels vary from region to region.
Conclusion
The results of this study show that the fertility level of women of childbearing age in China continues to be low, and is expected to remain at a very low fertility level for a long time to come. Individualised recommendations are made for future development trends in different regions to create a fertility-friendly social environment and promote long-term balanced population development.
The depth of arterial supply of forehead, Meta-Analysis
Authors: Trzeciak Mateusz , Gładysz Tomasz , Przybycień Wojciech , Bartoszcze Jędrzej , Pisarek Julia , Mordarski Michał , Iwanaga Joe , Koziej Mateusz , Walocha Jerzy 
Published: November 2024

Abstract

Introduction: Botulinum toxin injections effectively smooth dynamic forehead wrinkles by temporarily relaxing the underlying muscles, creating rejuvenated appearance. Complications may range from minor issues, such as transient swelling and bruising, to severe adverse events, including vascular occlusion leading to tissue necrosis and vision loss. The knowledge about the depth and morphology of the frontal area vessels may aid in reducing the number of complications. Materials and methods: Five research papers were included in the meta-analysis. The analyses were performed in two distinctive places bilaterally: at the level of the glabella and above the eyebrow. Results: A total of 201 SOA arteries and 282 STA arteries were analysed at the following horizontal levels, respectively: at the level of the glabella and above the eyebrow. The final results were as follows: 5.68 mm, 95% CI (4.58–6.78) for SOA at the glabella, 5.53 mm, 95% CI (4.79–6.28) for SOA above the eyebrow, 4.45 mm, 95% CI (3.43–5.47) for STA at the glabella, and 3.53 mm, 95% CI (3.21–3.85) for STA above the eyebrow. Conclusions: The supratrochlear artery tends to become more superficial along its path, while the supraorbital artery remains at a consistent depth across various anatomical levels. For injections in the medial part of the forehead, it is advisable to place the needle up to 2.5 mm deep or laterally to the artery's path. In contrast, injections in the lateral part of the forehead can be administered at slightly deeper depths, up to 3.5 mm. To minimise the risk of complications, performing a high-resolution linear ultrasonography (USG) exam prior to injection is recommended, allowing for needle placement either laterally or medially to the vessels.
Impact of Choroid Plexus Coagulation on the Success of Endoscopic Third Ventriculostomy in Children with Hydrocephalus: A Preliminary Comparative Study
Authors: Cunha Artur Henrique Galvão Bruno Da , Guerra Pedro Lucas Negromonte , Silva Inaê Carolline Silveira da 
Published: November 2024

Abstract

Introduction.
Hydrocephalus is a common condition in childhood, often treated with ventriculoperitoneal shunts (VPS). Endoscopic third ventriculostomy (ETV) has emerged as an effective alternative, and the addition of choroid plexus coagulation (CPC) is believed to enhance its success, particularly in children under six months.
Methods.
In this observational study, a retrospective analysis was conducted on 167 pediatric patients who underwent ETV, with and without CPC, at the Hospital da Restauração in Pernambuco. The primary outcome was to evaluate the success rates of ETV and ETV+CPC at immediate postoperative and six-month follow-up. Statistical analyses, including chi-square, univariate, and multivariate logistic regression, were employed to assess correlations between dependent and independent variables.
Results.
ETV+CPC showed a significantly higher success rate in the immediate postoperative period (91%) compared to ETV alone (75%) (p=0.007). After six months, success rates were similar for both groups (67% for ETV+CPC and 66% for ETV), with no significant difference (p=0.855). Univariate and multivariate analysis revealed that the type of surgery (ETV+CPC vs. ETV) was a significant predictor of immediate postoperative success (OR 2.81, 95% CI 1.18-6.72, p=0.020). Age and sex did not correlate significantly with surgical outcomes.
Conclusion.
The addition of CPC to ETV significantly enhances immediate postoperative success in young children with hydrocephalus. Although long-term outcomes equalized, these findings suggest that CPC can be a valuable adjunct in optimizing short-term results.
Multi-Response Optimization and the Effect of Parameters in Turning of AISI 4140 Steel using (Al2O3+CuO) Hybrid Nanofluid under MQL Approach
Authors: Merga Alemu , Gutema Endalkachew Mosisa , GOPAL MAHESH 
Published: November 2024

Abstract

Machining of AISI 4140 high-strength steel produces more heat in the tool and work part, which degrades the product's surface quality, damages cutting tools, and requires a significant cutting force. The use of traditional cutting fluids such as mineral oils, water, ethylene glycol, and vegetable oils for lubrication in machining harms both human health and the environment. The current study aims to assess the effectiveness of hybrid nanofluids used for lubrication purposes, as well as to investigate the effects of process parameters such as cutting speed, feed rate and depth of cut. Moreover, the study aims to asses nanoparticle concentration on turning performance characteristics such as surface roughness, temperature, and material removal rate when Al2O3-CuO hybrid nanofluids are used as cutting fluid in the MQL during the turning of AISI-4140 steel using carbide inserts as cutting tool. The experiment was designed using RSM of CCD using Design Expert 13 software. The results revealed that Al2O3-CuO hybrid nanofluids improved surface quality while lowering cutting zone temperature. The ANOVA results show that the interaction between depth of cut and nanoparticle concentration was the most significant factor impacting surface quality (21.62%), followed by depth of cut (45.57% for MRR) and nanoparticle concentration (45.63% for cutting zone temperature). A desirability function analysis was carried out to predict the responses. The highest possible overall desirability value is 0.693, similar to the target response.
Pen Direct Writing of Multiplex-LFIA for Detection of Thiamphenicol and Tylosin in Milk
Authors: Russo Alida , Cavalera Simone , Murray Richard , Quinn Aidan J. , Anfossi Laura , Iacopino Daniela 
Published: November 2024

Abstract

Therapeutic and misuse of veterinary drugs, such as antibiotics, can increase the potential risk of residue contamination in animal-derived food products. For milk, these residual antibiotics can have an impact on efficiency in dairy processing factories, as well as economic loss, and can also cause side effects on consumer health. Lateral flow immunoassays (LFIAs) are gaining popularity for their ease of use, low cost and their fulfilment to the REASSURED (real time connection/monitoring, easy sampling, affordable, specific, user-friendly, rapid/robust, equipment free, deliverable to end user) criteria. At the same time, direct writing of functional materials has been recently used for facile applications on point-of-care test (POCT) fabrication.
Herein, a novel multiplex-LFIA has been developed for the simultaneous detection of two antibiotics in milk: thiamphenicol and tylosin. In contrast to the traditional automated dispensers, a direct pen writing method was used to deposit control and test lines. The response of each antibiotic was tested, as well as the selectivity of the test during cross-testing. For both antibiotics, the test was successful in distinguishing between safe and unsafe milk samples, according to the maximum residue limits (MRLs) set for both antibiotics. The visual LOD obtained was 100 ppb for the two antibiotics and the IC50 were lower than the set maximum residue limits (MRLs).
Leisure Time Physical Activity and Reported Impairments: a Cross- Sectional, Population-based Study in the City of São Paulo
Authors: Figueiredo Tatiane Kosimenko Ferrari , Bassichetto Katia Cristina , Goldbaum Moisés , Castro Shamyr Sulyvan , Santos Edige Felipe Sousa , Cesar Chester Luiz Galvão 
Published: November 2024

Abstract

Background
For people with impairments, physical activity is also a mechanism that facilitates autonomy in activities of daily living and inclusion in society. In addition to sociodemographic inequalities related to impairments, evidence shows that some population strata also have greater opportunities for physical activity. However, studies of physical activity in this population specifically are scarce. So, the purpose of the study was to describe and compare leisure time physical activity among people with and without impairments in the city of São Paulo, measuring the magnitude of inequalities and associated factors according to selected sociodemographic variables.
Methods
Data from the 3rd edition of the ISA-Capital, a population-based cross-sectional study of the population in the city of São Paulo, was used. People included were classified as people with and without - visual, hearing, physical or intellectual impairments. Leisure time physical activity was assessed using the IPAQ, classifying as leisure-time active those who met the recommendation from WHO. Prevalence estimates and 95% confidence intervals were calculated. Poisson regression models were used.
Results
When comparing the prevalence of physically active people without impairments (22.4%) and those with impairments, no statistically significant differences were found for visual (17.8%), hearing (20.3%) and intellectual impairment (17.7%). Physically active people with physical impairments prevalence were 40.0% lower than those without impairments (10.9%), 60.0% lower in older people (5.9%) and 50% lower in males (9.8%).
Conclusion
Combination of public policies, right environment, awareness and knowledge of the recommendations and benefits of practicing physical activity during leisure time are essential for people with impairments to engage in a physical activity program.