bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The Postseismic Deformation of the 6 July 2019 Mw 7.1 Ridgecrest Earthquake from Burst Overlap Interferometry, InSAR, and GNSS
Authors: Magen Yohai , Baer Gidon , Ziv Alon , Inbal Asaf , Nof Ran N. 
Published: October 2024

Abstract
The July 2019 Ridgecrest earthquake sequence consists of an Mw 6.4 foreshock and an Mw 7.1 mainshock, which ruptured a complex set of orthogonal faults in the eastern California shear zone. We measure the co- and postseismic deformation associated with this sequence using the Burst Overlap Interferometry (BOI) technique in addition to the commonly used Interferometric Synthetic Aperture Radar (InSAR). The BOI technique, which provides displacement in the satellite’s along-track direction, offers important information on the postseismic deformation that cannot be measured by traditional InSAR and is only sparsely measured by the Global Navigation Satellite System networks. The BOI data reveal up to 4 cm displacement in the along-track direction, 10 km north of the northern tip of the seismic rupture, and up to 3 cm displacement along the coseismically active faults. These results rule out the possibility of significant shallow afterslip near the mainshock hypocenter, suggesting that the previously suggested poroelastic rebound is likely to be the cause for the significant postseismic line of sight deformation near the mainshock rupture. Based on the aftershocks’ moment tensor distribution, surface rupture, and simple forward modeling, we propose that the postseismic deformation north of the Ridgecrest rupture is caused by an aseismic slip along a north-trending normal fault of the Ridgecrest rupture that was induced by the Ridgecrest earthquake. Furthermore, we observed that both deformation and seismic activity decay slower over time as the distance from the Coso geothermal area increases. This decay is influenced by the mechanical properties of the crust, which are affected by the increased heat flow at Coso and thus suppress deformation and seismicity, ultimately controlling their temporal evolution.
Les pratiques de soins auprès des personnes en situation d’itinérance : regards croisés entre le vécu expérientiel des personnes concernées et celui des infirmières de rue
Authors: Paradis-Gagné Etienne , Jacques Marie-Claude , Pariseau-Legault Pierre , Potocava Stephanie 
Published: October 2024

Les besoins de santé des personnes en situation d’itinérance sont complexes et plusieurs barrières à l’accès aux soins persistent. Afin de rejoindre ces personnes dans leur milieu de vie, la pratique infirmière de proximité est préconisée. Cette pratique s’avère cependant peu documentée actuellement. L’objectif de cette étude était de développer une meilleure compréhension des pratiques de soins infirmiers en itinérance. L’ethnographie critique a été utilisée comme devis, ainsi que l’approche qualitative comparative. Des entrevues semi-dirigées ont été réalisées auprès d’infirmiers-ères de proximité (n=12), et auprès de personnes en situation d’itinérance qui utilisent les services infirmiers de proximité (n=12). De l’observation dans le milieu a aussi été réalisée. L’analyse des données a fait émerger trois thèmes centraux : 1) besoins des personnes utilisatrices des services ; 2) complexité de l’accès aux services de santé ; et 3) mandat de reconnexion de la pratique infirmière de proximité. Parallèlement à la mise en place de services infirmiers en itinérance, une offre accrue de mesures sociales et de santé favorisant l’inclusion des populations marginalisées s’avère essentielle. Certaines recommandations découlent de cette étude, dont une plus grande sensibilisation des professionnels de la santé aux réalités des personnes en situation d’itinérance.
Physical and chemical characteristics and activity of nickel-modified cobalt-iron-containing catalysts in the reaction of dry reforming of methane
Authors: Myltykbayeva L.K. , Dossumov K. , Yergaziyeva G.Y 
Published: October 2024

In the process of dry reforming of methane (DRM), the activity of low-percentage catalysts based on cobalt and iron oxides and their modification with nickel oxide was studied. It has been established that the addition of nickel oxide into the Fe2O3/γ-Al2O3 catalyst increases the degree of methane conversion from 14 to 89%, and also increases the yield of target reaction products H2 to 43.0 vol.%, CO to 46.1 vol.% at 850 °C. On a Co3О4-NiО/γ-Al2O3 catalyst at 850 °C, methane conversion reaches to 88.1%, the yield of H2 and CO is 44.8%. TPR-H2 analyzes showed that the introduction of nickel oxide into Fe2O3/γ-Al2O3 composition, in contrast to the Co3O4/γ-Al2O3 catalyst, the temperature peaks of Fe2O3-NiО/γ-Al2O3, reduction shift towards lower temperatures and weaken the interaction of metals with the support - γ-Al2O3 and thereby the amount of active reduced particles of iron and nickel oxides increases, which ensures good catalytic activity of Fe2O3-NiО/γ-Al2O3. According to the XRD results, spinel-like form - NiFe2O4, NiAl2O4 and CoAl2O4, also phase as Fe2O3 were obtained on the Fe2O3-NiО/γ-Al2O3 catalyst. This indicates that the developed catalysts form new phases that are active at high temperatures to produce synthesis gas in reduction-oxidation processes during the DRM reaction.
Deprescribing Anticholinergics to Preserve Brain Health: Reducing the Risk of Dementia through Deprescribing (R2D2): Study Protocol for a Randomized Clinical Trial
Authors: Campbell Noll L. , Holden Richard J. , Gao Sujuan , Unverzagt Frederick W. , Lane Kathleen A. , Carter Allie , Harrington Addison B. , Manoharan Sneha , Manoharan Neha , Rosenthal Danielle L. , Pitts Christopher , Pelkey Kathryn , Papineau Emily , Lauck David A. , Keshk Noha , Alamer Khalid , Khalil Hussein , Boustani Malaz A. 
Published: October 2024

Abstract

Background: Older adults commonly experience chronic medical conditions and are at risk of cognitive impairment as a result of age, chronic comorbidity, and medications prescribed to manage multiple chronic conditions. Anticholinergic medications are common treatments for chronic conditions, and have been repeatedly associated with poor cognitive outcomes, including delirium and dementia, in epidemiologic studies. However, no study has definitively evaluated the causal relationship between anticholinergics and cognition in a randomized controlled trial design. Utilizing our prior experience in deprescribing anticholinergic medications in various clinical environments, we designed an outpatient deprescribing intervention to prospectively test the potential causal relationship between anticholinergics and cognition in primary care older adults.
Methods: This cluster randomized clinical trial will be conducted to evaluate the impact of an anticholinergic deprescribing intervention compared to usual care on outcomes of cognition and safety in primary care older adults. Participants will include those aged 65 years and over, receiving primary care in the greater Indianapolis area, using a strong anticholinergic within the last two weeks or with evidence of high-risk exposure in the past year. Those excluded will have a diagnosis of Alzheimer’s disease or related dementia, or serious mental illness. The trial plans to enroll 344 participants who will be cluster-randomized at the level of primary care physician to avoid contamination. Participants will complete outcome assessments every six months up to 2 years by blinded outcome assessors. The primary outcome of the study is a composite measure of cognition that includes domains assessing executive cognitive function, language, and memory. Secondary outcomes include patient-reported measures of pain intensity, depression, anxiety, sleep disturbance, and health-related quality of life.
Discussion: The R2D2 trial will be the largest and longest prospective randomized trial testing the impact of an anticholinergic-specific deprescribing intervention on cognition in primary care older adults. Results could influence deprescribing methodology and provide new insight on the relationship between anticholinergics and cognition.
Trial Registration:
Trial Registration: clinicaltrials.gov, NCT04270474. Registered17 February 2020.
Cs-promoted Active Species for Ag-catalyzed Ethylene Epoxidation
Authors: Wu Kai , Zhang Yuchen , Pan Jinliang , Li Xiu-e , Wu Zi-ang , Zhang Rankun , Chen Qiwei , Song Fei , Zhang Hui , Wen Xiao-Dong , Li Yong-Wang , Yin Junqing , Zhou Xiong 
Published: October 2024

Abstract

Ethylene epoxidation on Ag catalysts is a fundamental reaction in chemical industry. Although electrophilic oxygen species are previously attributed as potential active species for this reaction, their precise structure and formation mechanisms have remained unsolved. In this study we have revealed that Cs promotes the formation of an unreported zigzag [1-10] Ag-O chain on Ag(110) surface. This chain characteristic of electrophilic oxygen and embedded Ag dimers, in sharp contrast with the [001] Ag-O chains which comprise nucleophilic oxygen and form in the absence of Cs. Further experiments have shown that the electrophilic oxygen with neighboring Ag dimers together serves as the active species for completely selective production of ethylene oxide. However, the [001] Ag-O chains predominantly react with ethylene to form water. Theoretical calculations further corroborate that the oxametallacycle intermediate is stabilized due to the matching of the frontier orbitals between ethylene and the [1-10] Ag-O chain and responsible for the distinct selectivity observed in these Ag-O chains. This atomic-scale understanding of the active species in ethylene epoxidation necessitates reassessing the role of alkali metals in catalysis and developing strategies to enhance the selectivity of the ethylene epoxidation process.
Efficient removal of Pb(II) from aqueous solutions using chitosan-based hydrogels: PCG and PCC, adsorption performance and mechanism studies
Authors: Sun Jingyu , liang lili , Pan Huanying , Zheng Zhenzhen , Liu Xin , Cao Xinyu 
Published: October 2024

Abstract

Lead (Pb) is a highly toxic and persistent pollutant that poses a significant threat to human health, making the remediation of lead-contaminated water bodies an urgent priority. In this study, chitosan and acrylic acid were employed as base materials, with graphene oxide (GO) and carboxylated graphene (GC) acting as crosslinking agents to synthesize two novel chitosan-based hydrogels (PCG and PCC). Both PCG and PCC were characterized and subjected to systematic static adsorption experiments. Further investigations focused on PCC, examining the effects of coexisting ions and organic substances (humic acid and fulvic acid), adsorption-desorption cycles, and dynamic column experiments to assess its applicability in complex water environments. The results indicated that under the conditions of pH 4.72, temperature of 25°C, dosage of 0.2 g/L, and an initial concentration of 500 mg/L, PCG and PCC achieved maximum adsorption capacities of 323.83 mg/g and 446.09 mg/g, respectively. PCC exhibited excellent resistance to ion interference and demonstrated good reusability. Additionally, in dynamic column experiments with an influent flow rate of 2 ml/min and a hydrogel dosage of 200 mg, PCC effectively treated simulated wastewater with concentration of 50 mg/L for over 900 minutes. These findings indicate that the developed hydrogels exhibit great potential for large-scale application in the market.
Echocardiographic parameters for evaluating coarctation of the aorta before and after birth: A meta-analysis
Authors: Yuan Chen , Maimaitituergan Ayijibaike , Guan Lina , Mu Yuming 
Published: October 2024

Abstract

Objective
To investigate the diagnostic value and correlation strength of echocardiographic parameters in evaluating and predicting fetal coarctation of the aorta (CoA).
Methods
PubMed, Web of Science, GeenMedical, The Cochrane Library, CMB, CNKI, Wanfang, and VIP were searched to obtain all data on the echocardiographic diagnosis of aortic coarctation collected from the database to December 1, 2023. Related literature. The quality of the included literature was evaluated using the QUADAS-2 risk assessment standard provided by Revman 5.3 statistical software. The majority of the parameters were analyzed by the Z-score and the corresponding ratio. The results were analyzed using Stata15.1 software, which combined sensitivity (SEN), specificity (SPE), positive likelihood ratio (PLR), and negative likelihood ratio (NLR) for the data that were pooled. The diagnostic odds ratio (DOR) and publication bias analysis were performed for all included studies.
Results
A total of 17 studies were included containing a total of 1,373 patients. The mean mitral valve diameter Z score, ascending aorta Z score, ascending aorta diameter, aortic isthmus mean diameter Z score ( Three-vessel tracheal section), and ductus arteriosus/aortic isthmus diameter (P < 0.05) of the fetuses with aortic coarctation were lower compared with those of the normal fetuses (P = 0.007, P = 0.032, P = 0.006, P = 0.011, P = 0.019, respectively). The aortic isthmus/ductus arteriosus (diameter, mm), mean pulmonary valve diameter Z score, right ventricle/left ventricle (diameter), and right ventricle/left ventricle (area) were higher than those noted in normal fetuses (P = 0.455, P = 0.557, P = 0.408, P = 0.522, respectively). The echocardiographic parameter of neonates and infants was the carotid-subclavian artery index. Following combination of the data, the following results were obtained: Sensitivity: 0.90 (95% CI: 0.72–0.97), specificity: 0.97 (95% CI: 0.92–0.99), positive likelihood ratio: 26.7 (95% CI: 10.7–66.5), negative likelihood ratio: 0.10 (95%CI: 0.03–0.32), diagnostic odds ratio: 262 (95% CI: 37-1875), subject area under the operating characteristic curve (AUC): 0.98.
Conclusion
For fetuses at risk, the cardiac parameters of the aforementioned ultrasound signs can be more accurately evaluated and can predict the occurrence of CoA before and after birth.
Trust, Autonomy, and Teaching Dynamics in Robotic Surgery: A Mixed Methods Study
Authors: Aoun Rami James N. , Nyein Kyi Phyu , Huang Emily 
Published: October 2024

Abstract

Purpose
Compared to open or laparoscopic surgery, the configurational relationship between trainer and trainee in robotic surgery reduces face-to-face interaction and ability to directly co-manipulate the surgical field. To elucidate the impact of this environment on surgical training dynamics, we conducted a mixed-methods study examining dyadic trust, autonomy, teaching, communication, and feedback in robotic surgery.
Methods
Robotic procedures performed on a dual console system at a single academic center were included. Trainee console operative time, representing autonomy, was extracted from the robotic system. Bidirectional trust was measured via a modified Leader Member Exchange (mLMX) questionnaire at the end of each case. Correlation between autonomy and trust was analyzed utilizing Pearson’s coefficient. Procedures were video- and audio-recorded, capturing both endoscopic view and a broad view of the operating consoles with trainer/trainee interactions. Two researchers performed thematic analysis of the synchronized video and transcribed audio.
Results
Nine robotic procedures in colorectal, general surgery, urology, and thoracic surgery were included. Trainee console time was directly correlated with average trainer mLMX trust scores (r=0.54) but not trainee scores (r=-0.19). Average trainer mLMX trust score was 4.08 vs. 3.16 (p=0.038) for trainees with >50% vs. <50% console time; trainee mLMX was not significantly different between the same groups (p=0.74). Thematic analysis revealed major themes of effective teaching techniques, feedback “escalation,” and trust-fostering behavioral strategies.
Conclusion
Higher trainer trust is associated with higher resident autonomy, and trainers/trainees can use specific strategies for teaching, feedback, and fostering trust in the robotic operating room. These findings may improve communication and trainee autonomy in the robotic operating room, and inform future robotic surgical educational curricula.
Antimicrobial Activities of Bio-Oil and Bio-Tar Obtained from Pyrolysis of Cocoa Pod Husk (Theobroma Cacao L.) on Some Selected Pathogenic Organisms
Authors: Adesemuyi Mibinuola Florence , Adeyemo Adebayo Jonathan , Akinola Adebisi Olayinka , Ogundele Joan Olayinka , Olasupo Abdulhakeem Dapo , Adeyemi Daniel Olusegun , Lajide Labunmi 
Published: October 2024

Abstract

The use of synthetics antibacterial and antifungal activities of bio tar and biological oil obtained via cocoa pod husk were investigated on seven selected bacteria; Erwinia carotovora, Corynebacterium sopedonium, Staphylococcus aureus, Pseudomonas solanacearium, Salmonella typii, Xanthomonasphaseoli, Clavbactermichinganensi and five selected fungal; Phytophthora megacarrier, Fusarium vasinfectum, Collectotrichum lindinuthianum, Glomerella gossypii, Cercospora sojina isolates, employing the procedures for food poisoning and agar culture dispersion, accordingly, Findings from antimicrobial activity indicated that the bio-oil as well as the bio-tar performed reasonably well against all the isolates with a zone of inhibition ranged from19.17 ± 1.04g to 35.77 ± 0.25c mm. The results of antifungal activities showed that the percentage of mycelia growth inhibition ranged from 80.35 to 99.33% against the isolates compared to the standard Mancozeb (control). The biological oil and biotar from cocoa pods husks were pyrolyzed at 400°C and their antifungal activity was noticeably higher than their antibacterial activity.
Prevention of Acid Rock Drainage formation through pyrite inhibition by silica coating
Authors: Butar Dantie Claudia Butar , Alakangas Lena , Kaasalainen Hanna , Ronne Erik 
Published: October 2024

Abstract

Passive treatment of acid rock drainage (ARD) has been considered a sustainable approach in the long term, with sulfide inhibition by silica being a promising alternative. In a small-scale column leaching, a total of four cells loaded with pyritic waste rock (11 wt.% S) from an operating Cu mine in Sweden were kept in a climatic chamber at a controlled temperature and humidity. The waste rock was subjected to a water-leach for 11 weeks before treatment using alkaline silicate solution was applied, without pH buffer and adjuster. One cell was left untreated, whereas the others were treated with silicate solution as a source of dissolved silica, with and without H2O2 pre-oxidation. The pH in silica-treated cells generated leachate with circumneutral pH until the end of the leaching cycle, whereas sulfide oxidation accelerated in the absence of treatment. Leachate quality in all Si-treated cells improved, as evidenced by the suppressed release of sulfur and other metals (e.g. Al, Fe, Cu, Co, Mn, and Ni). Silica (SiO2) layer developed on waste rock upon treatment with a longer contact time, which remained stable upon extended exposure to air and water up to 10 weeks after treatment. Pyrite inhibition is attributed to the formation of silica layer. Despite forming a siliceous Fe-O phase, H2O2 pre-oxidation resulted in indirect oxidation of sulfides and other phases. With an excess of silicate solution and at alkaline pH, pyrite surfaces are devoid of coating and metal ions were mobilized. Finally, this study suggested that treatment of pyritic waste rock using silica can attenuate ARD formation and prevent metal leaching by pyrite inhibition and maintaining a circumneutral pH environment or both.
Alcohol Use and Sexual Functioning: A Study of Adult Males in Primary Care
Authors: Esangbedo Arit , Okonkwo Chinyere , Ajayi Oluwatomiwa , Ebeiyamba Okon Ekpo 
Published: October 2024

Abstract

This study examined the prevalence, risk factors, and healthcare implications associated with alcohol use and sexual functioning among adult male primary care patients. The study focused on a sample of over 2,100 men and utilized comprehensive assessments of sexual functioning and alcohol use to assess the associations in a variety of domains. It adopted a Cross-Sectional approach involving sexually active adult males from 18–40 years old in a relationship, who drink alcohol at least twice per week. Study instruments used include the Proforma, IIEF, AUDIT etc. It used the finite population correction factor statistic to determine the right sample size, taking into account the size of the population which resulted in a more accurate estimate of the population parameter of interest. Analysis was carried out with statistical package for social sciences (SPSS) at a 95% confidence interval. From the study results, a considerable number of male participants, approximately 25%, were found to have alcohol use disorders, and 44.2% of them reported experiencing sexual dysfunctions. Furthermore, the research findings suggested that advancing age was associated with an increased risk of problematic alcohol use, whereas lower income was linked to a higher likelihood of sexual dysfunction. Most significantly, the research found a connection between sexual dysfunction and the consumption of alcohol. Individuals who consumed alcohol excessively had notably reduced sexual functioning overall, including impaired erectile and ejaculatory function, as well as a decreased sexual desire. This highlights the need for comprehensive assessment and targeted interventions to improve the health of men in primary care, which should include alcohol use screenings and interventions as well as sexual health care. The implications of this study are that men who consume alcohol are exposed to increased risks of impaired sexual functioning. As such, primary care providers should be aware of the risks and consider the implementation of alcohol use assessments and appropriate interventions to improve their patient’s health outcomes. Additionally, educational programs should be implemented in order to increase awareness of the risks associated with alcohol use and sexual functioning among men in primary care.
A novel nomogram for predicting the implementation of ultra-fast-track cardiac anesthesia for minimally invasive cardiac surgery
Authors: Jiang Tian , Xu Linting , Wang Haozhou , Zheng Qinghui , Zhang Yihui , Lou Xiaokan , Guo Jinchen , Wei Hanwei , Yan MeiJuan 
Published: October 2024

Abstract

Background
Ultra-fast-track cardiac anesthesia (UFTCA) is a crucial component of Enhanced Recovery After Cardiac Surgery (ERACS). However, research on the factors influencing UFTCA implementation remains limited. This study aimed to identify predictors of UFTCA in right-thoracoscopic minimally invasive cardiac surgery (MICS) and develop a nomogram to forecast UFTCA implementation.
Methods
This retrospective study included 947 patients who underwent right-thoracoscopic MICS from January 2021 to July 2023. Patients were randomly divided into derivation (70%) and validation (30%) cohorts. Univariable logistic regression analysis was used for variable selection, followed by a multivariable logistic regression model to determine significant predictors and construct a nomogram for forecasting UFTCA implementation. The model's discrimination, calibration, and clinical usefulness were evaluated using the validation cohort.
Results
Multivariate analysis identified six independent predictors of UFTCA implementation: operation type, fascial plane chest wall blocks (FPCWB), intraoperative sufentanil and dexamethasone dosage, operation later than 8 p.m., and cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB) duration. The nomogram demonstrated good discriminative ability, with areas under the receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve of 0.869 and 0.862 for the derivation and validation sets, respectively. The calibration plot showed close alignment with the ideal diagonal line, and the decision curve analysis (DCA) confirmed the model's clinical practical significance.
Conclusion
This study developed and validated a nomogram that could predict the implementation of UFTCA in patients undergoing MICS. The identified predictors, including operation type, FPCWB, intraoperative sufentanil and dexamethasone dosage, operation later than 8 p.m., and CPB duration, could guide clinicians in decision-making to facilitate UFTCA implementation.