bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Peak nasal inspiratory flow measurement and visual analogue scale in a large adult population
Authors: Ottaviano Giancarlo , Pendolino Alfonso Luca , Nardello Ennio , Maculan Pietro , Martini Alessandro , Russo Massimiliano , Lund Valerie J. 
Published: March 2019

ObjectivesNasal obstruction is the most common symptom in nasal diseases. It can be evaluated objectively, that is by means of peak nasal inspiratory flow (PNIF) measures and/or subjectively by means of validated questionnaires. However, it has been reported that there is a lack of reliable correlation between subjective and objective measurements of nasal obstruction. The aim of the present study was to evaluate the correlation between PNIF measurements and the subjective sensation of nasal obstruction measured by means of a visual analogue scale (VAS) in a large population of consecutive rhinologic patients.DesignProspective clinical study.SettingTertiary rhinological referral centre.Participant main outcome measuresA total of 641 consecutive subjects were enrolled. Visual analogue scale and PNIF were performed to assess nasal obstruction. Nasal septal deviation was classified according to Mladina classification, and its severity was assessed using three levels of severity.ResultsAlthough weak, there was a significant negative correlation (r = −0.13, P = 0.001) between PNIF and VAS. Dividing the population in those affected by nasal septal deviation (NSD) and those affected by chronic rhinosinusitis (CRS), a week negative correlation between PNIF and VAS was again confirmed in both groups (r = −0.208, P = 0.006 for NSD and r = −0.13, P = 0.04 for CRS). Peak nasal inspiratory flow and VAS were also evaluated according to the grade of polyps and the type and level of septal deviation.ConclusionsVisual analogue scale and PNIF significantly correlated, although with a low degree, in a large population of rhinologic patients. Peak nasal inspiratory flow, being cheap and simple to use, could be a good candidate to assist clinicians dealing with “airway” diseases in their daily clinical practice in order to provide comprehensive information on nasal function. Peak nasal inspiratory flow can in fact give some important rough insights on VAS, but these measurements cannot be alternative to each other.
Health coaching for parents of children with developmental disabilities: a systematic review
Authors: Ogourtsova Tatiana , O'Donnell Maureen , De Souza Silva Wagner , Majnemer Annette 
Published: March 2019

AimTo determine the level of evidence on the effectiveness of health coaching for parents of children with disabilities.MethodA systematic review approach, comprised of a comprehensive, librarian‐guided literature search; transparent study selection and data extraction; quality assessment; and synthesis of sufficiently similar data (per population, intervention nature, and overall level of evidence for each outcome using standard definitions) was undertaken.ResultsTwenty‐eight studies (13 randomized clinical trials) were included. Three health coaching approaches were identified: child‐targeted (most commonly applied), parent‐targeted, and a mixed approach. Overall, there is an insufficient‐to‐limited level of evidence regarding the effectiveness of these approaches.InterpretationHigh‐quality clinical trials using the parent‐targeted coaching approach are warranted.What this paper adds

Health coaching parents of children with disabilities is an emergent practice.

Child‐targeted, parent‐targeted, or mixed health coaching approaches exist.

The child‐targeted health coaching approach is currently most applied.

Parents of children with autism spectrum disorder are the most common recipients.
Cue hierarchy for host plant selection in Pieris rapae
Authors: Lund Margaret , Brainard Daniel C. , Szendrei Zsofia 
Published: March 2019

AbstractDuring oviposition, female insects utilize a wide variety of cues to find an optimal host for their offspring. These cues may be encountered simultaneously or sequentially, and females must rely on a hierarchical categorization to rank cues for optimal ovipositional choice. During alighting, cues are often encountered at different distances, which may influence hierarchical order. Cues that are observed at longer distances and are experienced first may be more influential on oviposition choice than those experienced at shorter distances. We tested the effects of two long‐distance cues, plant size and habitat structure, and two short‐distance cues, plant nitrogen level and predator presence, on Pieris rapae L. (Lepidoptera: Pieridae) oviposition choice through a series of two‐ and four‐choice tests in both greenhouse and field settings. We found that the long‐distance cues of plant size and habitat structure had the largest impact on P. rapae oviposition in laboratory and field settings, with females preferring large plants without habitat structure. Plant nitrogen level had a smaller impact on oviposition, and the presence of predators did not affect oviposition choice. However, plant size and plant nitrogen level had a synergistic relationship, with more eggs laid on large high‐nitrogen plants compared to large low‐nitrogen or small high‐nitrogen plants, suggesting that optimal cues throughout the entire searching process may be important for P. rapae in choosing a host plant.
Host plant and the predator Podisus nigrispinus: when the defense compounds of the plant affect the third trophic level
Authors: Holtz Anderson Mathias , Marinho‐Prado Jeanne Scardini , Pallini Angelo , Pires André Assis , Cofler Tatiane Pereira , Rocha Claudiane Martins , Pazianotto Ricardo Antônio Almeida 
Published: March 2019

AbstractMany herbivorous insects can overcome chemical plant defenses, using the plant's defensive products for their own good, as a defense against predators. Eucalyptus spp. (Myrtaceae), recently introduced in Brazil, are rich in secondary compounds; however, there are reports that these plants have been suffering from population outbreaks of defoliating Lepidoptera in Brazil. The predator Podisus nigrispinus (Dallas) (Hemiptera: Pentatomidae) has been used against herbivorous insects in eucalyptus plantations, but little is known about its establishment in the field. This study aims to investigate whether the effectiveness of this predator may be affected indirectly by compounds of eucalyptus plants, when compared to guava, Psidium guajava L., a Brazilian native species of Myrtaceae. Thus, we evaluated the performance of P. nigrispinus on larvae of Thyrinteina arnobia (Stoll) (Lepidoptera: Geometridae) reared on eucalyptus (exotic species) or guava plants (native species). Podisus nigrispinus performance (reproduction and survival) was better on larvae fed on guava than on larvae fed on eucalyptus. It is possible that the negative effect on the predator's development occurred because of the plants’ secondary compounds appropriated by caterpillars, due to the short coevolutionary history between eucalyptus and the predator. The data suggest that the chemical compounds that could help the plant's defenses against herbivores may also affect their natural enemies, especially when the interaction between plant and natural enemy involves an exotic plant recently introduced into the insect's habitat.
Isoform‐selective as opposed to complete depletion of fibroblast growth factor 2 (FGF‐2) has no major impact on survival and gene expression in SOD1G93A amyotrophic lateral sclerosis mice
Authors: Kefalakes Ekaterini , Sarikidi Anastasia , Bursch Franziska , Ettcheto Miren , Schmuck Martin , Rumpel Regina , Grothe Claudia , Petri Susanne 
Published: March 2019

AbstractWe have previously shown that total knockout of fibroblast growth factor‐2 (FGF‐2) results in prolonged survival and improved motor performance in superoxide dismutase 1 (SOD1G93A) mutant mice, the most widely used animal model of the fatal adult onset motor neuron disease amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS). Moreover, we found differential expression of growth factors in SOD1G93A mice, with distinct regulation patterns of FGF‐2 in spinal cord and muscle tissue. Within the present study we aimed to characterize FGF‐2‐isoform specific effects on survival, motor performance as well as gene expression patterns predominantly in muscle tissue by generating double mutant SOD1G93AFGF‐2 high molecular weight‐ and SOD1G93AFGF‐2 low molecular weight‐knockout mice. While isoform specific depletion was not beneficial regarding survival or motor performance of double mutant mice, we found isoform‐dependent differential gene expression of epidermal growth factor (EGF) in the muscle of SOD1G93AFGF‐2 low molecular weight knockout mice compared to single mutant SOD1G93A mice. This significant downregulation of EGF in the muscle tissue of double mutant SOD1G93AFGF‐2 low molecular weight knockout mice implies that FGF‐2 low molecular weight knockout (or the presence of the FGF‐2 high molecular weight isoform) selectively impacts EGF gene expression in ALS muscle tissue.
Influence of functional variants Asp312Asn and Lys751Gln ofXeroderma Pigmentosum Group D(XPD) andGlutathione S‐transferase Mu 1 (GSTM1)andTheta 1 (GSTT1)genes on cutaneous melanoma susceptibility and prognosis
Authors: Rinck‐Junior José Augusto , Torricelli Caroline , Gomez Gabriela Vilas Bôas , Oliveira Cristiane , Moraes Aparecida Machado , Lourenço Gustavo Jacob , Lima Carmen Silvia Passos 
Published: March 2019

AbstractWe aimed to evaluate whether variants in repair (XPDAsp312Asn,XPDLys751Gln) and detoxification (GSTM1,GSTT1) genes alter risk, clinicopathological aspects and survival of cutaneous melanoma (CM). Genotyping was performed in 229CMpatients and 258 controls. Individuals withXPD312Asp/Asn or Asn/Asn plusGSTT1null genotype were under 2.00 (95%CI: 1.06‐3.79), andXPD312Asn/Gln haplotype was under 1.44‐fold (95%CI: 0.99‐2.08) increased risks toCMthan others. Individuals withGSTM1plusGSTT1null genotype had 9.61‐fold (95%CI: 2.28‐40.38) increased risk of metastaticCM. At 60 months of follow‐up, patients withXPD751Gln/Gln plusGSTT1null andGSTM1null plusGSTT1null genotype presented 7.36 and 3.05 more chances of evolving to death in multivariate Cox analysis, respectively. In conclusion, our data indicate, for the first time, that specific variant combinations ofXPD,GSTM1andGSTT1may increase susceptibility toCMand influence patients’ clinicopathological features and survival.
Investigation of the multiaxial fatigue behaviour of 316 stainless steel based on critical plane method
Authors: Cruces Alejandro S. , Lopez‐Crespo Pablo , Bressan Stefano , Itoh Takamoto 
Published: March 2019

AbstractIn this work, the multiaxial behaviour of 316 stainless steel is studied under the lens of critical plane approach. A series of experiments were developed on dog bone–shaped hollow cylindrical specimens made of type 316 stainless steel. Five different loading conditions were assessed with (a) only tensile axial stress, (b) only hoop stress, (c) combination of axial and hoop stresses with square shape, (d) combination of tensile axial and hoop stresses with L shape, and (e) combination of compressive axial and hoop stresses with L shape. The fatigue analysis is performed with four different critical plane theories, namely, Wang‐Brown, Fatemi‐Socie, Liu I, and Liu II. The efficiency of all four theories is studied in terms of the accuracy of their life predictions and crack failure plane angle. The best fatigue life predictions were obtained with Liu II model, and the best predictions of the failure plane were obtained with Liu I model.
Carbon budgets of wetland ecosystems in China
Authors: Xiao Derong , Deng Lei , Kim Dong‐Gill , Huang Chunbo , Tian Kun 
Published: March 2019

AbstractWetlands contain a large proportion of carbon (C) in the biosphere and partly affect climate by regulating C cycles of terrestrial ecosystems. China contains Asia's largest wetlands, accounting for about 10% of the global wetland area. Although previous studies attempted to estimate C budget in China's wetlands, uncertainties remain. We conducted a synthesis to estimate C uptake and emission of wetland ecosystems in China using a dataset compiled from published literature. The dataset comprised 193 studies, including 370 sites representing coastal, river, lake and marsh wetlands across China. In addition, C stocks of different wetlands in China were estimated using unbiased data from the China Second Wetlands Survey. The results showed that China's wetlands sequestered 16.87 Pg C (315.76 Mg C/ha), accounting for about 3.8% of C stocks in global wetlands. Net ecosystem productivity, jointly determined by gross primary productivity and ecosystem respiration, exhibited annual C sequestration of 120.23 Tg C. China's wetlands had a total gaseous C loss of 173.20 Tg C per year from soils, including 154.26 Tg CO2‐C and 18.94 Tg CH4‐C emissions. Moreover, C stocks, uptakes and gaseous losses varied with wetland types, and were affected by geographic location and climatic factors (precipitation and temperature). Our results provide better estimation of the C budget in China's wetlands and improve understanding of their contribution to the global C cycle in the context of global climate change.
Pre‐clinical endodontic education outcomes between artificial versus extracted natural teeth: a systematic review
Authors: Decurcio D. A. , Lim E. , Chaves G. S. , Nagendrababu V. , Estrela C. , Rossi‐Fedele G. 
Published: March 2019

AbstractAimTo compare the educational outcomes using artificial teeth versus extracted teeth for pre‐clinical endodontic training.Data sourcesLiterature searches of PubMed, Scopus, Cochrane Library, Trip Database, Web of Science and Open Grey databases were conducted from their inception until November 2018 with no language restriction. Hand searching of most likely relevant journals was performed. The review followed the PRISMA guidelines.Study eligibility criteria, participants and interventionsStudies that compared pre‐clinical endodontic training using extracted teeth and artificial teeth were included.Study appraisal and synthesis methodsThe quality of included studies was appraised by Joanna Briggs Institute Critical Appraisal tools. The findings were tabulated and summarized according to their outcomes with distinct narrative syntheses.ResultsFive studies were included. The component studies included 359 operators in total, mainly consisting of undergraduate students (97%, n = 349) and 10 endodontists (3%). Forty‐seven per cent (n = 170) operated on artificial teeth only, whilst 19% (n = 67) worked primarily on extracted teeth, with the final treatment outcome being evaluated by independent observers using objective criteria. Operators in two studies (34%, n = 122) used both artificial teeth and ET and compared their experiences in surveys. Regarding technical outcomes, no significant differences between training with artificial teeth and extracted teeth were found, but the performance tended to be better in artificial teeth than extracted teeth. Operators trained solely on artificial teeth appeared to be adequately educated for subsequent root canal treatment (RCT) in the clinical setting.LimitationsDue to the scarcity of research on the topic overall, and the methodological variation between the studies, it was not possible to perform a quantitative analysis (meta‐analysis).Conclusions and implications of key findingsBased on the available evidence, the use of artificial teeth for pre‐clinical endodontic training achieved similar educational outcomes compared to extracted teeth. However, the experiences reported by the operators diverged. Further studies assessing other artificial teeth available in the market testing other RCT procedures are necessary.
Vitronectin deficiency attenuates hepatic fibrosis in a non‐alcoholic steatohepatitis‐induced mouse model
Authors: Hayashida Momoka , Hashimoto Kei , Ishikawa Tomoko , Miyamoto Yasunori 
Published: March 2019

SummaryVitronectin (VN), an extracellular matrix protein, is a promising immune biomarker of non‐alcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH); however, its precise function remains unclear. This study investigated how VN deficiency contributes to the development of NASH. Towards this aim, wild‐type (WT) and VN−/− mice were fed with a choline‐deficient, L‐amino acid‐defined, high‐fat diet (CDAHFD) for 6 and 10 weeks to induce NASH, and the livers were isolated. In WT mice fed with CDAHFD for 6 and 10 weeks, the expression of Vn mRNA and protein was up‐regulated compared with that in mice fed with the MF control diet, indicating that VN is regulated in NASH condition. VN−/− mice showed decreased picrosirius red staining in the liver area and Col1a2 mRNA expression levels, compared with WT mice, indicating that the severity of hepatic fibrosis is attenuated in the CDAHFD‐fed VN−/− mice. In addition, VN deficiency did not affect the area of lipid droplets in haematoxylin‐eosin staining and the mRNA expression levels of fatty acid synthases, Srebp, Acc and Fas in the CDAHFD‐fed mice. Moreover, VN deficiency decreased the inflammation score and the mRNA expression levels of Cd11b and F4/80, macrophage markers, as well as Tnf‐α and Il‐1β, inflammatory cytokines in the CDAHFD‐fed mice. Furthermore, VN deficiency decreased the protein and mRNA expression levels of α‐smooth muscle actin in the CDAHFD‐fed mice, suggesting that VN deficiency inhibits the activation of hepatic stellate cells (HSCs). Our findings indicate that VN contributes to the development of fibrosis in the NASH model mice via modulation of the inflammatory reaction and activation of HSCs.
Financing strategies for a capital‐constrained manufacturer in a dual‐channel supply chain
Authors: Li Guo , Wu Huamin , Xiao Shuang 
Published: March 2019

AbstractThis study investigates a co‐opetition‐type dual‐channel supply chain that consists of a competitive supplier (CS) and a capital‐constrained manufacturer (CCM). The CCM procures key components from and simultaneously competes with the CS in the consumer market. To address the CCM's capital constraint, we consider three financing strategies, namely, trade credit, bank loan, and hybrid financing (i.e., combined use of bank loan and equity financing). Game models are established to characterize the interactions between the CS and CCM. The corresponding equilibria are derived under each strategy. Then, comparative analyses are conducted, and the CS's and CCM's preference structures regarding the three strategies are revealed. On this basis, the equilibrium strategy can be concluded as either trade credit or hybrid financing, but never bank loan. Specifically, when the equity financing ratio is small or large, trade credit is an equilibrium strategy. When the equity financing ratio is medium, the equilibrium strategy between trade credit and hybrid financing is determined by consumers’ product preference and loan interest rate.
Inhibition of circular RNA CDR1as increases chemosensitivity of 5‐FU‐resistant BC cells through up‐regulating miR‐7
Authors: Yang Wei , Gu Juan , Wang Xuedong , Wang Yueping , Feng Mei , Zhou Daoping , Guo Jianmin , Zhou Ming 
Published: March 2019

AbstractThis study aims to explore the mechanism of Circular RNA CDR1as implicating in regulating 5‐fluorouracil (5‐FU) chemosensitivity in breast cancer (BC) by competitively inhibiting miR‐7 to regulate CCNE1. Expressions of CDR1as and miR‐7 in 5‐FU‐resistant BC cells were determined by RT‐PCR. CCK‐8, colony formation assay and flow cytometry were applied to measure half maximal inhibitory concentration (IC50), 5‐Fu chemosensitivity and cell apoptosis. Western blot was used to detect the expressions of apoptosis‐related factors. CDR1as was elevated while miR‐7 was inhibited in 5‐FU‐resistant BC cells. Cells transfected with si‐CDR1as or miR‐7 mimic had decreased IC50 and colony formation rate, increased expressions of Bax/Bcl2 and cleaved‐Caspase‐3/Caspase‐3, indicating inhibition of CDR1as and overexpression of miR‐7 enhances the chemosensitity of 5‐FU‐resistant BC cells. Targetscan software indicates a binding site of CDR1as and miR‐7 and that CCNE1 is a target gene of miR‐7. miR‐7 can gather CDR1as in BC cells and can inhibit CCNE1. In comparison to si‐CDR1as group, CCNE1 was increased and chemosensitivity to 5‐Fu was suppressed in si‐CDR1as + miR‐7 inhibitor group. When compared with miR‐7 mimic group, CDR1as + miR‐7 mimic group had increased CCNE1 and decreased chemosensitivity to 5‐Fu. Nude mouse model of BC demonstrated that the growth of xenotransplanted tumour in si‐CDR1as + miR‐7 inhibitor group was faster than that in si‐CDR1as group. The tumour growth in CDR1as + miR‐7 mimic group was faster than that in miR‐7 mimic group. CDR1as may regulate chemosensitivity of 5‐FU‐resistant BC cells by inhibiting miR‐7 to regulate CCNE1.
Implementation of the new classification of periodontal diseases: Decision‐making algorithms for clinical practice and education
Authors: Tonetti Maurizio S. , Sanz Mariano 
Published: March 2019

AbstractBackgroundImplementation of the new classification of periodontal diseases requires careful navigation of the new case definitions and organization of the diagnostic process along rationale and easily applicable algorithms. The aim of this report was to describe the rationale for one such approach designed for clinical practice and education.MethodsThe authors developed empiric decision‐making algorithms based on the new classification to effectively discriminate between the key periodontal diagnoses of periodontal health, gingivitis and periodontitis.ResultsA stepwise approach is proposed that includes (a) a sensitive screening step able to discriminate periodontal health, gingivitis and suspect periodontitis; (b) a specific confirmation step to provide differential diagnosis between periodontitis and the other conditions characterized by attachment loss; (c) a step to assess the severity and complexity of management of the periodontitis case (staging); and (d) a step to assess the risk profile of the case (grading). Specific decision‐making algorithms are described for all steps of the diagnostic process.ConclusionsThe proposed process allows discrimination between the different case definitions of periodontal health and disease. The diagnostic accuracy and cost‐effectiveness of the process need to be validated in prospective trials generalizable to operators with different level of expertise, different populations and clinical settings.
Contact sensitization to hair colours in acquired dermal macular hyperpigmentation: results from a patch and photo‐patch test study of 108 patients
Authors: Bishnoi A. , Vinay K. , Arshdeep  , Parsad D. , Handa S. , Saikia U.N. , Sendhil Kumaran M. 
Published: March 2019

AbstractBackgroundAcquired dermal macular hyperpigmentation (ADMH) is an umbrella term including lichen planus pigmentosus, erythema dyschromicum perstans and pigmented contact/cosmetic dermatitis.ObjectiveTo establish contact sensitization to hair colours as an aetiological factor for ADMH.MethodsDetailed clinical examination, skin biopsies, and patch and photo‐patch testing with Indian standard series and patient's own cosmetic products were performed.ResultsThirty‐nine (36.1%) patients were found to demonstrate a positive patch/photo‐patch test with 35/39 reacting to their own products (all were hair colours) and 16/39 reacting to antigens from commercial series (commonly paraphenylenediamine). Fourteen patients developed delayed hyperpigmentation on positive patch‐test sites at 1 month.Higher mean age, symptomatic pigmentation (pruritus, burning and photosensitivity), hair margins involvement (outer surface, helix and lobule of ear; temples and preauricular area), ill‐defined lesions, epidermal atrophy and epidermal melanization extending >3 layers were significantly common in patch‐test‐positive patients. Well‐defined lesions, perioral involvement and associated lichen planus were clinical pointers towards patch‐test negativity.ConclusionIndex study exemplifies that patch‐test results have distinct clinical and histopathological correlates in ADMH. Hair dye contact sensitization appears to be an important aetiological factor in about one‐third patients presenting with ADMH.