bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Die Theorie rationalen Handelns, das Modell der Frame-Selektion und die Wirkungen von Bestrafungen auf Kooperation
Authors: Opp Karl-Dieter 
Published: June 2019

ZusammenfassungFehr & Gächter (2000, 2002) überprüfen in einem Kollektivgut-Experiment Hypothesen über die Wirkungen von Bestrafungen auf Kooperation. Hartmut Esser (2018, in dieser Zeitschrift) behauptet, dass zentrale Ergebnisse des Experiments der „rational choice“-Theorie (RCT) widersprechen und das Modell der Frame-Selektion (MFS) bestätigen. Es wird gezeigt, dass Esser eine problematische enge Version der RCT heranzieht. Eine „weite“ Version weist die von Esser behandelten Probleme nicht auf und kann die Ergebnisse des Experiments erklären. Weiter wird auf gravierende Probleme des MFS hingewiesen, die die Erklärung der experimentellen Befunde fragwürdig erscheinen lassen. Die Analyse zeigt weiter, dass das MFS eine Ergänzung und nicht eine Alternative zu einer weiten RCT ist und auf keinen Fall die übergreifende „general theory of action“ ist, wie Esser behauptet.
Stigma-Management von Verkäuferinnen von Straßenzeitungen
Authors: Buchmayr Florian 
Published: June 2019

Zusammenfassung
In der empirischen Forschung zu Strategien des Stigma-Managements werden Stigma-Gruppen zumeist als mehr oder weniger homogen imaginiert. Die Unterschiede zwischen Stigmatisierten und damit einhergehende Variationen des Stigma-Managements wurden bisher ausgeblendet. Aus diesem Grund erweitert die vorliegende Arbeit Erving Goffmans Stigma-Konzept durch Pierre Bourdieus Kapitaltheorie. Anhand von qualitativen Interviews mit Verkäuferinnen von Straßenzeitungen werden sowohl Gemeinsamkeiten als auch Unterschiede im Umgang mit dem Stigma der Obdachlosigkeit untersucht. Als Gemeinsamkeit zeigt sich, dass alle Verkäuferinnen nur ihr individuelles Stigma managen und nicht das ihrer Gruppe. Gleichzeitig gibt es aber auch große Unterschiede in der Kapitalausstattung, die die Wahl von Strategien des Stigma-Managements beeinflussen. Personen mit höherem ökonomischem und kulturellem Kapital können sich effektiver vom Stigma distanzieren als weniger privilegierte Verkäuferinnen.
Figure-Ground Organization in Natural Scenes: Performance of a Recurrent Neural Model Compared with Neurons of Area V2
Authors: Hu Brian , von der Heydt Rüdiger , Niebur Ernst 
Published: June 2019

AbstractA crucial step in understanding visual input is its organization into meaningful components, in particular object contours and partially occluded background structures. This requires that all contours are assigned to either the foreground or the background (border ownership assignment). While earlier studies showed that neurons in primate extrastriate cortex signal border ownership for simple geometric shapes, recent studies show consistent border ownership coding also for complex natural scenes. In order to understand how the brain performs this task, we developed a biologically plausible recurrent neural network that is fully image computable. Our model uses local edge detector ( B ) cells and grouping ( G ) cells whose activity represents proto-objects based on the integration of local feature information. G cells send modulatory feedback connections to those B cells that caused their activation, making the B cells border ownership selective. We found close agreement between our model and neurophysiological results in terms of the timing of border ownership signals (BOSs) as well as the consistency of BOSs across scenes. We also benchmarked our model on the Berkeley Segmentation Dataset and achieved performance comparable to recent state-of-the-art computer vision approaches. Our proposed model provides insight into the cortical mechanisms of figure-ground organization.
The challenges of sodium measurements: indirect versus direct ion-selective method
Authors: Refardt Julie , Sailer Clara Odilia , Chifu Irina , Winzeler Bettina , Schnyder Ingeborg , Fassnacht Martin , Fenske Wiebke , Christ-Crain Mirjam , _ _ 
Published: June 2019

Background
Diagnosis and treatment of dysnatremia is challenging and further complicated by the pitfalls of different sodium measurement methods. Routinely used sodium measurements are the indirect (plasma/serum) and direct (whole blood) ion-selective electrode (ISE) method, showing discrepant results especially in the setting of acute illness. Few clinicians are aware of the differences between the methods in clinically stable patients or healthy volunteers.

Methods
Data of 140 patients and 91 healthy volunteers undergoing osmotic stimulation with hypertonic saline infusion were analyzed. Sodium levels were measured simultaneously by indirect and direct ISE method before and at different time points during osmotic stimulation up to a sodium threshold of ≥150 mmol/L. The primary outcome was the difference in sodium levels between the indirect and direct ISE method.

Results
878 sodium measurements were analyzed. Mean (s.d.) sodium levels ranged from 141 mmol/L (2.9) to 151 mmol/L (2.1) by the indirect ISE compared to 140 mmol/L (3) to 149 mmol/L (2.8) by the direct ISE method. The interclass correlation coefficient between the two methods was 0.844 (95% CI: 0.823–0.863). On average, measurements by the indirect ISE were 1.9 mmol/L (95% CI limits: −3.2 to 6.9) higher than those by the direct ISE method (P < 0.001). The tendency of the indirect ISE method resulting in higher levels increased with increasing sodium levels.

Conclusion
Intra-individual sodium levels differ significantly between the indirect and direct ISE method also in the absence of acute illness. It is therefore crucial to adhere to the same method in critical situations to avoid false decisions due to measurement differences.
Trends in Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme Inhibitor and Angiotensin II Receptor Blocker Use among Those with Impaired Kidney Function in the United States
Authors: Murphy Daniel P. , Drawz Paul E. , Foley Robert N. 
Published: June 2019

Significance Statement
Although angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitor and angiotensin II receptor blocker (ARB) medications are mainstays of treatment in CKD, the frequency of ACE/ARB use has not been well characterized in this population. Nationally representative data from 1999 to 2014 showed that overall ACE/ARB use during this period was only 34.9% among those with CKD; use rose significantly with time (from 25.5% in 1999–2002 to 40.1% in 2011–2014) but seemed to level off after the early 2000s, a trend similarly observed in multiple CKD subgroups. Overall, regardless of era, ACE/ARB use in CKD was the exception unless concomitant illnesses, like diabetes mellitus or cardiac disease, were present. This suggests that a significant opportunity exists for improvement in the care in community-based CKD.

Background
Although hypertension is common in CKD and evidence-based treatment of hypertension has changed considerably, contemporary and nationally representative information about use of angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACEs) inhibitors or angiotensin II receptor blockers (ARBs) in CKD is lacking.

Methods
We examined ACE/ARB trends from 1999 to 2014 among 38,885 adult National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey participants with creatinine-based eGFR<60 ml/min per 1.73 m2 or urinary albumin-to-creatinine ratio ≥30 mg/g.

Results
Of 7085 participants with CKD, 34.9% used an ACE/ARB. Across four eras studied, rates of use rose significantly (rates were 25.5% in 1999–2002, 33.3% in 2003–2006, 39.0% in 2007–2010, and 40.1% in 2011–2014) but appeared to plateau after 2003. Among those with CKD, use was significantly greater among non-Hispanic white and black individuals (36.1% and 38.2%, respectively) and lower among Hispanic individuals (26.7%) and other races/ethnicities (29.3%). In age-, sex-, and race/ethnicity-adjusted models, ACE/ARB use was significantly associated with era (adjusted odds ratios [aOR], 1.41; 95% confidence interval [95% CI], 1.14 to 1.74 for 2003–2006, 1.84; 95% CI, 1.48 to 2.28 for 2007–2010, and 2.02; 95% CI, 1.61 to 2.53 for 2011–2014 versus 1999–2002); it also was significantly associated with non-Hispanic black versus non-Hispanic white race/ethnicity (aOR, 1.40; 95% CI, 1.19 to 1.66). Other multivariate associations included older age, men, elevated BMI, diabetes mellitus, treated hypertension, cardiac failure, myocardial infarction, health insurance, and receiving medical care within the prior year.

Conclusions
Rates of ACE/ARB use increased in the early 2000s among United States adults with CKD, but for unclear reasons, use appeared to plateau in the ensuing decade. Research examining barriers to care and other factors is needed.
Os conceitos de capacidade, habilidade e competência e a BNCC
Authors: Neitzel Odair , Schwengber Ivan Luís 
Published: June 2019

O presente ensaio é um trabalho de revisão bibliográfica de cunho analítico-hermenêutico. A pretensão é realizar uma reflexão sobre os conceitos de capacidade, competências e habilidades, a partir da concepção de ascese filosófica em Foucault e suas implicações para os processos formativos do educando nos espaços formais de educação. O texto faz uma retomada da concepção platônica de ascese da verdade, culminando com a exigência de objetivação do saber e renúncia da dimensão sensível humana e o seu contraponto, na ascese filosófica de Foucault. Por fim, o texto busca estabelecer algumas reflexões a respeito das implicações dessas duas concepções para o espaço educacional e para a formação do educando.Palavras-chave: Capacidade. Competência. Habilidade.The concepts of ability, ability and competence and the BNCCABSTRACT This essay is a bibliographic review of an analytical-hermeneutical perspective. The intention is to carry out a reflection on the concepts of capacity, competencies and abilities, based on the conception of philosophical asceticism in Foucault and its implications for the formative processes of the learner in the formal spaces of education. The text makes a resumption of the platonic conception of asceticism of truth, culminating with the requirement of objectification of knowledge and renunciation of the sensitive human dimension and its counterpoint, in the philosophical asceticism of Foucault. Finally, the text seeks to establish some reflections on the implications of these two conceptions for the educational space and for the formation of the student.Keywords: Capacity. Competence. Ability.Los conceptos de capacidad, habilidad y competencia y la BNCCRESUMENEl presente ensayo es un trabajo de revisión bibliográfica de abordaje analítico-hermenéutico. La pretensión es realizar una reflexión sobre los conceptos de capacidad, competencias y habilidades, a partir de ascesis filosófica en Foucault y sus implicaciones para los procesos formativos del educando en los espacios formales de educación. El texto retoma la concepción platónica de ascesis de la verdad, culminando con la exigencia de objetivación del saber y renuncia de la dimensión sensible humana y su contrapunto, en la ascesis filosófica de Foucault. Por fin, el texto busca establecer algunas reflexiones a respecto de las implicaciones de dichas concepciones para el espacio educacional y para la formación del educando.Palabras clave: Capacidad. Competencia. Habilidad.
A importância da educação não formal nas políticas públicas
Authors: Costa Cássia Ribeiro da 
Published: June 2019

O presente artigo enfoca a educação não formal como forma de transmissão de saber e cultura, sendo um elemento importante para a formação da cidadania diante das políticas públicas atuais. As atividades educativas não formais diferenciam-se da educação formal, pois proporcionam aos indivíduos a compreensão do mundo e os qualificam para o trabalho através das ações lúdicas que ao mesmo tempo transmitem conhecimento e desperta potencialidades, levando em consideração as diferenças culturais e a trajetória de vida. O contato com as atividades lúdicas faz o individuo modificar ações sistemáticas, seletivas e tradicionais aprendidas na educação formal. Diante do contexto histórico na atualidade as políticas públicas educacionais são formadas como ponto central para o desenvolvimento econômico e principalmente social.
ApresentaÃ§Ã£o
Authors: Groppo LuÃ­z Antonio 
Published: June 2019

A Revista de CiÃªncias da EducaÃ§Ã£o chega ao seu vigÃ©simo quinto nÃºmero, em seu dÃ©cimo terceiro ano de publicaÃ§Ã£o. Ã‰ uma alegria estar Ã frente, como editor, deste periÃ³dico que se consolida como veÃ­culo de divulgaÃ§Ã£o de artigos acadÃªmicos, relatos de experiÃªncias e outros trabalhos que tratam da EducaÃ§Ã£o NÃ£o Formal, da EducaÃ§Ã£o Socio-comunitÃ¡ria e da EducaÃ§Ã£o Salesiana, nÃ£o apenas no Brasil, mas tambÃ©m internacionalmente, destacando-se escritos vindos do Velho Continente.
Sombras do opus magnum: Samuel Beckett dirige A última gravação de Krapp
Authors: De Souza Santos Felipe Augusto 
Published: June 2019

O presente artigo tem como objetivo apresentar uma reflexão acerca do trabalho de Samuel Beckett como encenador de sua própria dramaturgia. Para tanto, abordaremos as encenações dirigidas por Beckett de A última gravação de Krapp, observando detalhes do trabalho de transposição realizado pelo dramaturgo-encenador de sua dramaturgia para o palco.Palavras-chave: Samuel Beckett, A última gravação de Krapp, dramaturgia, encenação, teatro moderno. Abstract: This article aims to present a reflection on the work of Samuel Beckett as the director of his own dramaturgy. For that, we will approach the stagings directed by Beckett of Krapp’s Last Tape, observing details of the work of transposition realized by the playwright-director of his dramaturgy for the stage.Key-words: Samuel Beckett, Krapp’s Last Tape, dramaturgy, staging, modern theatre.
Coetzee lendo Beckett
Authors: Cruz Talita Mochiute 
Published: June 2019

Este artigo discute brevemente como J.M. Coetzee em seus textos críticos lê a obra de Samuel Beckett, a fim de refletir a respeito do trânsito entre o trabalho ficcional e acadêmico desse escritor sul-africano. Ao percorrer a visão de Coetzee crítico, pretende-se situar o lugar de Beckett na trilogia coetzeeana Cenas da vida na província, principalmente para a constituição da(s) voz(es) narrativa nesse projeto autobiográfico ficcionalizado.Palavras-chave: J.M. Coetzee; Samuel Beckett; romance contemporâneo; voz narrativa; literatura comparada. Abstract: This article briefly discusses how J. Coetzee in his critical texts reads the work of Samuel Beckett in order to reflect on the relations between the fictional and academic work of this South African writer. In going through the critical vision of Coetzee, it is aimed to situate Beckett's place in Coetzeean trilogy, Scenes from Provincial Life, mainly for the constitution of the narrative voice(s) in this fictionalized autobiographical project.Keywords: J.M. Coetzee; Samuel Beckett; contemporary novel; narrative voice; comparative literature.
Le problème du dialogue dans les travaux de V. V. Vinogradov (dans les années 1920-1930)
Authors: Ivanova Irina 
Published: June 2019

Le présent article est consacré à la conception du dialogue chez V. Vinogradov. On suit le développement de sa conception dès ses premiers articles jusqu’à la fin des années 1930, en montrant comment ses idées du dialogue ont été liées à sa théorie de l’analyse des œuvres littéraires. Nous mettons en relief le fait que Vinogradov distinguait trois aspects du dialogue : dialogue comme un procédé de la caractéristique langagière du personnage, dialogue comme un de deux types principaux de la composition et le dialogue comme un moyen d’analyse de la polyphonie de l’œuvre littéraire. Este artigo apresenta a concepção do diálogo em V. Vinogradov. Segue- se o desenvolvimento de sua concepção a partir dos seus primeiros artigos até o fim dos anos 1930, mostrando como as suas ideias do diálogo estavam ligadas a sua teoria de análise das obras literárias. Ressalta-se o fato de que Vinogradov distinguia três aspectos do diálogo: diálogo como um procedimento da característica linguageira do personagem; diálogo como um dos dois principais tipos da composição e o diálogo como um meio de análise da polifonia da obra literária.
La escritura, estrategia para desarrollar competencias de argumentación en estudiantes bajo modalidad virtual
Authors: Sepúlveda Romero María Elsy , Benavides Gallego Gonzalo 
Published: June 2019

Existe un déficit en el saber teórico y técnico de la competencia argumentativa que afecta la producción, tanto oral como escrita, propia de un estudiante, y que incide de manera significativa en sus actividades académicas, laborales y sociales y en su desarrollo personal, pues no poseen un conocimiento aceptable para aplicar dicha competencia, lo que genera dificultades al momento de medir los conocimientos. El objetivo del trabajo es establecer la escritura como estrategia para desarrollar competencias de argumentación en estudiantes de modalidad virtual, para lo cual se hizo una exploración de los conceptos de escritura, competencias y argumentación; luego, se analizó la escritura como objeto de enseñanza-aprendizaje y, por último, se determinó la competencia argumentativa en la escritura en entornos virtuales.
La metodología utilizada fue una revisión documental y se concluye que la argumentación hace parte de la vida cotidiana del hombre, se encuentra en las diversas situaciones de comunicación que existen, ya sean orales, textuales o virtuales, pero la utilización de un entorno virtual de aprendizaje ofrece la oportunidad de una mayor exposición a situaciones en donde es necesario escribir, debido a que la comunicación entre docente y alumno debe hacerse por vía escrita. Esto traduce que el alumno escribe para un público real, y este, a su vez, recibe respuesta sobre lo que escribió, por ende, la competencia argumentativa tiene una mayor fluidez dentro de este contexto.
Las TIC: una alternativa para bancarizar las remesas del exterior en Colombia
Authors: Blanco Blanco Érika Del Pilar , Palomino Buitrago Marlon Andrés , Hernández Hernández Adolfo 
Published: June 2019

El presente artículo presenta un estudio descriptivo acerca de cuáles serían las formas de bancarizar a las personas que reciben remesas del exterior, teniendo en cuenta el auge que en los últimos años han tenido los movimientos migratorios de colombianos hacia diferentes partes del mundo y su inserción en diferentes empleos para generar recursos que son enviados a sus familias en Colombia. En este documento se demuestra cómo en el caso de Bogotá se identifican varios factores recurrentes que impiden que estas personas se decidan a abrir un producto financiero, ya sea porque no cumplen sus expectativas económicas o por temor a ingresar a un sistema financiero que indague minuciosamente el origen de estos recursos. De la misma forma se identifica la falta de productos orientados a este segmento, en especial en lo que se refiere a alternativas con plataformas virtuales. A través de un instrumento de medición como la encuesta y determinando una muestra de usuarios bancarios, se tomaron las percepciones frente a estas limitaciones de bancarización.
Finalmente, se determinan las características demográficas principales de los beneficiarios de remesas internacionales y las razones por las cuales no son clientes del sistema financiero, dando unas recomendaciones sobre los ajustes que deben hacer las entidades sobre sus productos y servicios, para lograr vincular efectivamente este segmento de clientes potenciales.
Personalización de servicios para aplicaciones de aprendizaje ubicuo
Authors: Durán Elena Beatriz , Unzaga Silvina Isabel , Alvarez Margarita María 
Published: June 2019

El aprendizaje ubicuo más que un fenómeno de la tecnología es una visión que desafía a revisar el entorno educativo para proponer nuevos escenarios de aprendizaje, ya que permite poner a disposición de los estudiantes una gran diversidad de recursos, crear nuevos y variados entornos de formación, personalizar el aprendizaje y posibilitar la realización de un conjunto de actividades formativas adaptadas de acuerdo al perfil y al contexto de aprendizaje.
En este trabajo se presenta un esquema de personalización de servicios de recomendación en contextos ubicuos para aplicaciones de aprendizaje, considerando aspectos tales como: objetos de aprendizaje según puntos de interés, caminos de aprendizaje personalizados, puntos de interés más cercanos, asesoramiento de expertos y colaboración entre pares. El esquema de personalización propuesto fue diseñado a partir de una arquitectura que abarca cuatro dimensiones: los modelos, las ontologías, los componentes de software y el mundo exterior.
Una mirada al método en las ciencias sociales y sus disciplinas
Authors: Moreno-Salamanca María Carolina 
Published: June 2019

Este artículo examina sucintamente el objeto y método de estudio de algunas disciplinas de las ciencias sociales. Se inicia con un análisis antropocéntrico y los principales cuestionamientos del hombre acerca de su existencia, la antropología, la interpretación de las intersubjetividades y las interrelaciones humanas como parte de su desarrollo social, por medio de algunas de sus disciplinas como la antropología, la sociología, la filosofía, la psicología y la educación, para concluir con una reflexión sobre sus enfoques fundamentales.
Se concluye que son las ciencias sociales las que coadyuvan a la reflexión y a cuestionar cuáles son las disciplinas que la conforman y esclarecen la posibilidad del análisis interdisciplinar, teniendo en cuenta que cada campo del conocimiento tiene su propio método, objeto, teorías y conceptos. Sería imposible señalar que existe un único método de las ciencias sociales, pues, a partir del objeto y tipo de investigación que se realice, se puede hacer uso de las herramientas y de los elementos de cada campo del conocimiento, para lograr procesos interdisciplinares, transdisciplinares y plurales, y con ello hacer activo ese campo o área del conocimiento específico.
Diagnostic value of HSP90α and Related Markers in Lung Cancer
Authors: Yuan Zhimin , Hong Songlin , Li Lin , He Lin , Xiao Peng , Tang Ting , Shi Changbei , Mu Yudong , Sun Chen , Shang Yuchen , Wang Qing , Yuan Bin 
Published: June 2019

Abstract
Aims

To prove the expression of heat shock protein 90α (HSP90α) in the lung cancer and the clinical value of HSP90α and related markers in the diagnosis of lung cancer.

Methods

The concentrations of HSP90α and related markers were detected in the blood of 560 lung cancer patients by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay for analyzing the statistical differences of HSP90α between the patients group and the healthy group in patients' age, gender, different pathological types, lung cancer staging, and metastasis status, as well as the differences and evaluate the value of HSP90α and related markers in lung cancer diagnosis.

Results

The results showed no statistical difference in HSP90α among different age groups. And the HSP90α level cannot be distinguished by genders significantly (P>0.05); In the group by lung cancer type, statistical differences were found in the HSP90α level between the small cell lung cancer group and the squamous cell carcinoma group (P<0.05); In the group by stage, the HSP90α level of high staging was significantly higher than that low staging (P<0.05), and the significant difference among the groups; the HSP90α level at I/II/III/IV shows statistical differences among the groups (P<0.05); And the test result of HSP90α was higher in the metastatic group than in the non-metastatic group significantly, and the significant difference between the two groups (P<0.05). The r value of the HSP90α and related markers in the diagnosis of lung cancer: NSE>CEA>ProGRP>CF211 (P<0.05). While HSP90α and related markers didn’t fit the satisfactory conformance, in terms of the positive rate of diagnosis, there were statistically differences in the diagnostic positive rate between HSP90α and each maker (P<0.01). Reducing HSP90α clinical references in lung cancer combined diagnosis can effectively improve the positive rate of the combined diagnosis.

Conclusion

HSP90α has significant value on early screening and diagnosis of lung cancer. The combined application of HSP90α and related markers can improve the positive rate of early diagnosis of lung cancer effectively.