bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Severe Congenital Factor X Deficiency in 5-Month-Old Child
Authors: Girolami A , Molaro G , Calligaris A , De Luca G 
Published: June 2018

SummaryA case of severe congenital factor X deficiency is presented. The patient was a 5 month old child who had several episodes of melena since the first weeks of life. Other bleeding manifestations were subcutaneous hematomas and a massive brain hemorrhage. The prothrombin time was severely prolonged and was corrected by normal serum, aged normal plasma and by the plasma of patients with parahemophilia, congenital hypoprothrombinemia and factor VII deficiency. On the contrary adsorbed normal plasma and Mr. Stuart’s plasma failed to correct the abnormality.The partial thromboplastin time, prothrombin consumption and the thromboplastin generation test were abnormal too. The T.G.T. was corrected by the substitution of the patient’s serum with normal serum. The factor X level was less then 0.1% of normal. All other clotting factors were within normal limits.Both parents of the “propositus” showed slightly decreased levels of factor X in their plasmas and were considered to be heterozygotes for the defect.
Characteristics of Platelet Factor 3 Release during ADP-Induced Aggregation
Authors: Sixma J. J , Nijessen J. G 
Published: June 2018

SummaryComparison of serotonin release with PF 3 release during ADP-induced aggregation revealed that the two release reactions are entirely different processes. Serotonin release was found to occur at temperature above 33° C; the optimal temperature was 43° C and maximum release occurred 3 min after addition of ADP. PF 3 release was slow and linear with time occurring both at 37° C and 20° C but it was more prolonged at 20° C. Serotonin release as well as PF 3 release were neglibible in reversible aggregation. The influence of surface contact and stirring speed indicated the significance of mechanical trauma in PF 3 release. In the discussion, mention is made of the possibility that the peripheral balloon-shaped platelet protrusions are subject to membrane changes and thus lead to PF 3 release.
Rapid Detection of Fibrinopeptides by Bidimensional Paper Electrophoresis
Authors: Stocker K , Straub P. W , Eckert B 
Published: June 2018

SummaryA simplified method for the rapid identification of the fibrinopeptides in small amounts of supernatants of fibrin clots is described.Using this method, we confirmed the earlier observation that Reptilase-R, a thrombin-like enzyme from the venom of Bothrops atrox, exclusively liberates fibrinopeptides A and AP. It was further demonstrated that fibrinopeptide B can be rapidly isolated from small amounts of fibrinogen or even of plasma by thrombin action on washed Reptilase clots.
Présence d’un Antigène Plasmatique Indispensable à la Stabilisation de la Fibrine dans Deux Cas de Déficit Congénital en Facteur XIII
Authors: Soria J , Soria C , Samama M , Josso F 
Published: June 2018

RésuméL’étude d’un immun sérum anti-facteur XIII montre que celui-ci est bien capable de neutraliser l’activité stabilisante de la fibrine du plasma.Le plasma de deux sujets ayant un déficit en facteur XIII a été étudié au moyen de cet anti-sérum par différentes méthodes: immuno-électrophorèse, inhibition de l’hémagglutination passive, neutralisation de l’inhibition par l’immunsérum de l’activité biologique du facteur XIII.Dans le plasma de ces deux patients, l’antigène spécifique de l’immunsérum étudié a été retrouvé à un taux normal.Ces résultats sont compatibles avec deux hypothèses: ou bien il s’agit chez ces patients, non pas d’un déficit quantitatif mais d’une anomalie structurale du facteur XIII le privant de son activité biologique ; ou bien un deuxième facteur protéique est nécessaire à la stabilisation de la fibrine, facteur qui serait absent chez nos deux malades.
A Comparative Study of Platelet Aggregation in Man and Laboratory Animals
Authors: Macmillan D. C , SIM A. K 
Published: June 2018

SummaryWhen some human platelets were aggregated in vitro by exogenous adenosine diphosphate (ADP) or adrenaline they released their own ADP. As ADP is the final stimulator of most aggregation, this ability to produce its own release gave a self- propagating secondary aggregation (SA) which could be marked in certain individuals and diseased states. In a survey of several animals, this ability to produce self- propagating aggregation was also found in a marked form in cats (which can form systemic platelet thrombo-emboli) and to a less extent in baboons and some dogs. This property of the platelets of humans and cats could be an important factor in their ability to form platelet thrombi more easily than other mammals. Thus, SA and its inhibition by drugs may be of considerable importance in the management of thromboembolic disease and a study of such agents carried out in these animals may be reasonably regarded as a relevant and useful preliminary to clinical trials in man.
Enhancement of ADP-Induced Platelet Aggregation by Exercise Test in Coronary Patients and Its Prevention by Pyridinolcarbamate
Authors: Yamazaki H , Kobayashi I , Shimamoto T 
Published: June 2018

SummaryADP-induced platelet aggregation in citrated platelet rich plasma (CPRP) was examined using a photoelectric system. To exclude a variation in intensities of platelet aggregation in repeated measurements and to compare intensities of different samples, the maximum deflection of the optical density of CPRP induced by adding ADP solution was divided by a deflection of the optical density of the platelet free plasma and its value, shown as a percentage, was defined as an intensity of ADP-induced platelet aggregation. In this method, the linearity was found in the dose response curve of the platelet aggregation induced by 10−6, 3 × 10−6 and 10−5 molar of ADP with statistical significance. These variation coefficients were less than 5% in the responses induced by the higher doses of ADP. Changes in the ADP-induced platelet aggregation after a Master’s two step test were examined in 13 patients with angina pectoris 3 h after oral administration of placebo or 1 g of pyridinolcarbamate. Under placebo pretreatment, an enhancement of platelet aggregation was observed 1 min after the exercise test with statistical significance (P < 0.01 ∼ 0.05). In the cases of the same subjects pretreated with pyridinolcarbamate, such change was not observed at any time. Using a parallel line assay, an inhibitory effect of pyridinolcarbamate against enhancement of ADP-induced platelet aggregation after the exercise was also recognized with statistical significance (P < 0.01). In the 10 healthy volunteers, there was no statistically significant enhancement of ADP-induced platelet aggregation using any concentration of ADP 1 to 10 min after the exercise test.
Adhesive Platelet Count and Blood Coagulability in Myocardial Infarction and Cerebral Thrombosis
Authors: Yamazaki H , Odakura T , Takeuchi K , Sano T 
Published: June 2018

SummaryIn 382 patients, aged 21 to 76 years, including 39 healthy volunteers, a platelet count by Olef’s method, an adhesive platelet count by Moolten-Vroman’s method, prothrombin activity due to one-stage prothrombin time and calcium clotting time were measured. In 39 cases of myocardial infarction and 40 cases of cerebral thrombosis, both in acute stage, a marked decrease in the adhesive platelet count and adhesive index and an increase of prothrombin activity were observed with statistical significance compared to the healthy group (P < 0.01). In the recovery stage of myocardial infarction, cerebral thrombosis and other diseases, except for malignant tumors, acute infectious diseases, diabetes mellitus and blood or liver diseases, the above observations were absent or reduced. In the case of thrombosis, a negative correlation was seen between the adhesive platelet count and prothrombin activity (r — —0.238, P < 0.01). There is no correlation between the changes in platelet adhesiveness or blood coagulability and total cholesterol level in serum.
Immunological Identification of Two Urokinases
Authors: Ball Anne P , Day E. D 
Published: June 2018

SummaryThe two urokinase preparations currently undergoing clinical trials in the United States [Abbott urokinase (UK-A) and Sterling-Winthrop urokinase (UK-SW)] were compared immunologically using an antiserum prepared against UK-SW. Based on a previously described designation system, 2 components (III and IV) were found to be common to both preparations while the other two (I and II) detected by the antiserum were found only in UK-SW.In order to relate functional activity to the immunological reactions seen in immunodiffusion and immunoelectrophoresis, inhibition titrations were carried out with simultaneous qualitative testing of the antigen-antibody mixtures. Two inflection points on the inhibition curve were correlated with the appearance of components III and IV in antigen excess or at equivalence. In the case of one globulin preparation (710) no plateau effect was observed, and components III and IV appeared in antigen excess at the same time.The results of these studies indicate that 2 active components are present in both UK-A and UK-SW. These two are the components designated III and IV and are common to both preparations. The difference in equivalence points for these two components and those for inactive I and II make it possible to precipitate I and II completely while III and IV are in antigen excess, thus providing a reagent for identifying urokinase of either III- or IV- specificity in other samples.
The Fibrinolytic Activity in Tissues during the Peripheral Venous Occlusion in Rat
Authors: Szczepański M , Nilsson Inga Marie 
Published: June 2018

SummaryThe fibrinolytic activity was studied by Todd’s histochemical method in the femoral vessels and in surrounding tissues of rat in 6 different periods of time after the ligation of femoral vein. It was found that this activity began to diminish after 4 h venous ligation in the limb with occluded vein as well as in the limb with control patent vein. In almost all specimens that revealed the fibrinolytic activity, this activity was related to the loose, connective tissue mostly in the vicinity of femoral vessels. In some sections the fibrinolytic activity was visible, also, in relation to the small and moderate size arteries and to the nerves.
Untersuchungen über den Mechanismus der Erythrozytenaggregation
Authors: Voigtmann R , Uhlenbruck G 
Published: June 2018

ZusammenfassungDie polybasische Substanz Polybren aggregiert normale menschliche und pronasierte Rindererythrozyten. Nach Behandlung mit Neuraminidase, wobei die Neuraminsäure als wesentlicher Baustein und Ladungsträger der Membran abgetrennt wird, bleibt dieses Phänomen aus. Die Abnahme des Polybrentiters ist abhängig von der verwandten Enzymkonzentration. An normale Rindererythrozyten wird Polybren ähnlich einem inkompletten Antikörper absorbiert, führt aber nicht zur Aggregation. Nach Neuraminidasebehandlung läßt sich diese Absorption nicht mehr nachweisen. Damit stellt die Neuraminsäure den Reaktionspartner bzw. Rezeptor für Polybren dar. Die ausbleibende Aggregation normaler Rinderblutkörperchen durch Polybren ist durch den Membranaufbau bedingt. Durch saure Polymere werden polybren beladene Rindererythrozyten aggregiert. Die Polybrenaggregation ist durch CaCl2 konzentrationsabhängig hemmbar. Außerdem werden Erythrozyten, anstatt in 0,9% NaCl-Lösung in isotoner CaCl2-Lösung suspendiert, durch verschiedene saure Polymere wie Dextransulfat aggregiert.
Isolation and Purification of Antiplasmins from Human Granulocytes
Authors: Wołosowicz N , Prokopowicz J 
Published: June 2018

SummaryTwo antiplasmins were found in human granulocytes. Chromatography on Sephadex G-200 showed 3 peaks with antiplasmin activity. One immediately acting antiplasmin and 2 progressively acting antiplasmin (I and II) have been identified. The immediate antiplasmin was purified 92-fold, the progressive antiplasmin 1129-fold and progressive antiplasmin II 185-fold. Disc electrophoresis showed homogeneity of the fractions. They were found to migrate with the alpha-2 globulin fraction. The physiological function of the antiplasmins is briefly discussed.
Untersuchungen über die Wirkung von Kobalt(II)-Verbindungen auf die Blutgerinnung bei verschiedenen Tierspezies
Authors: Fiedler H , Taube Chr 
Published: June 2018

ZusammenfassungNach parenteraler Verabreichung von Kobalt(II)-Verbindungen kommt es bei Kaninchen, Ratten, Meerschweinchen und Katzen, jedoch nicht bei Hunden und Schafen, zu einer Störung der Blutgerinnung, die auf einer Konformationsänderung des Fibrinogens beruht. Durch mehrstündige Inkubation der Plasmen der reaktionsfähigen Tierspezies mit Kobalt(II) ist derselbe Effekt zu erzielen. Keinerlei Gerinnungsstörung ist bei den In-vitro - Versuchen in den Plasmen von Pferd, Rind, Schwein, Hund, Schaf, Huhn und Taube zu beobachten, während in menschlichem Plasma bei Inkubation mit Kobalt(II) die spezifische Gerinnungsstörung eintritt. Es ist eine deutliche Abhängigkeit von der Inkubationstemperatur und der Kobalt(II)-Konzentration vorhanden. In reinen Fibrinogenlösungen unterbleibt die Reaktion mit Kobalt(II). Präparierte Fibrinogene verschiedener Tierspezies treten mit Kobalt(II) nur dann in Wechselwirkung, wenn im Reaktionsgemisch gleichzeitig defibriniertes Plasma von Tieren, die nach Kobaltgabe einen Gerinnungsdefekt zeigen, vorhanden ist.
The Estimation of Blood Platelet Survival II. The Multiple Hit Model
Authors: Murphy E. A , Francis M. E 
Published: June 2018

SummaryIt this paper are developed 4 models for estimation of blood platelet survival. They are put forward not as completely realistic but as at least first order approximations which should at once provide a systematic basis for estimation of mean platelet survival and the standard error of the estimate ; they will at the same time circumvent the subjective element in analysing the data with the attendant biases, and also provide a unifying theory for the several different models which the various investigators have more or less explicitly used in the past. The models may perhaps be thought of as smoothing functions to iron out the high experimental error inherent in the study of platelet survival.An attempt has been made to construct the model on the basis of present knowledge of the economy of the platelet and the factors influencing its survival. Doubtless further knowledge in these fields will call for modification of the details. Nevertheless it is evident that with these relatively simple models it is possible to generate quite a wide range of patterns which appear to conform well to those found by those working on this subject.
Réactions Plaquettaires et Processus Immunitaires
Authors: Jobin F , Sirois M 
Published: June 2018

RésuméNous avons étudié de quelle façon les substrats et inhiteurs de la chymotrypsine inhibent l’agrégation plaquettaire induite par le collagène. Nous avons trouvé que ces substances inhibent la libération d’ADP plaquettaire provoquée par le collagène.Cette observation, ajoutée à plusieurs autres, indique que les processus plaquettaires et mastocytaires de libération de substances intracellulaires ont plusieurs caractéristiques biologiques communes.Le rôle possible d’une estérase plaquettaire chymotrypsinoide dans les réactions de la thrombogénèse est discuté.
Effect of i. v. and Oral Administration of Heparinoids G31150, G31150-A and of Nitrilotriacetic Acid on Blood Coagulation
Authors: Jarrett C. L , Jaques L. B 
Published: June 2018

SummaryThe heparinoid G31150-A and nitrilotriacetic acid (NTA) were compared with heparinoid G31150 and heparin. In vitro the anticoagulant activity of NTA was 1/20000, G31150-A 1/8th and G31150, 1/10th of heparin. On intravenous injection in dogs, the degree and duration of hypocoagulability was about the same for the two heparinoids but less than predicted from the effects in vitro. Injection of 25 mg NTA/kg caused a slight increase in coagulation time lasting over 4 hours. When heparinoid G31150-A and NTA were given orally, there was an increase in clotting time of blood and metachromatic activity appeared in the urine. The greatest amount of activity was excreted with the highest dose of NTA alone. Microelectrophoresis of the urinary concentrate indicated the excreted material after NTA was not heparin, but another mucopolysaccharide; after G31150, a heparinoid. These results were confirmed by the resulting absorption spectrum of the dye obtained with added urinary concentrate. It is suggested that the effects produced when a chelating agent is given with oral heparin and heparinoids may be due to the release of a mucopolysaccharide.
Density Gradient Centrifugation and Electron Microscopic Characterization of Subcellular Fractions from Human Blood Platelets
Authors: Siegel A , Burri P. H , Weibel E. R , Bettex-Galland M , Lüscher E. F 
Published: June 2018

SummaryHomogenized human blood platelets have been fractionated by centrifugation in Ficoll and sucrose density gradients. The different fractions were examined by electron microscopy.Although Ficoll allows for the separation of very distinct zones, its ability to form complexes with cellular components made sucrose the preferable gradient. Sucrose, in spite of its unfavorable osmotic effect, allows for an acceptable fractionation of platelet components.
Effect of Aspirin in Vivo and in Vitro on Plasma Cofactors of Platelet Aggregation
Authors: Okonkwo P , Sise H. S 
Published: June 2018

SummaryIt was found that suspension of normal washed platelets in a media which had been incubated with aspirin, or was derived from subjects taking aspirin, resulted in decreased platelet aggregation with ADP. The media consisted of either normal platelet poor plasma, fraction I-0 or heated plasma. When the latter two media were used, both the heated plasma and fraction I-0 were modified by pre-treatment of the donor subjects with aspirin or incubation of each fraction with aspirin, and this modification was a time-dependent reaction taking 5 to 10 min to take place. Furthermore, washed platelets exposed to aspirin and then washed and resuspended showed a decreased response to ADP. This was also a time-dependent reaction. It is concluded that aspirin affects not only the platelet but also the cofactors of ADP-induced platelet aggregation.
Additional Evidence for the Existence of a Precursor Molecule of the Prothrombin Complex in Oral Anticoagulation
Authors: Veltkamp J. J , Muis H , Muller A. D , Hemker H. C , Loeliger E. A 
Published: June 2018

SummaryBy means of the PTC-inhibitor neutralizing test (12) a significant excess of PTC (factor IX)-like material over factor IX activity could be demonstrated in human coumarin plasma. This cross-reacting material is considered to be a precursor of one or all of the clotting factors of the prothrombin complex.
Metabolic Formation of a Prothrombin Derivative
Authors: Ouyang Chaoho , Seegers Walter H. , McCoy Lowell E. , Müller-Berghaus G 
Published: June 2018

SummaryThe administration of coumadin to dogs on consecutive days was followed by the simultaneous decrease in prothrombin and autoprothrombin III (F-X) concentration. The decline lasted 4 days. Prethrombin concentration increased. Purified prothrombin complex was infused, while the anticoagulant was still blocking synthesis. This restored the original concentration of prothrombin and autoprothrombin III. Each one of these disappeared in one day while prethrombin concentration temporarily increased and then also declined. Infused prethrombin was cleared in less than 1 day. Human prothrombin complex was also infused intravenously with the same results. Similar results were found with the use of rabbits. A derivative of prothrombin, which is not detected with the two-stage analytical reagents, is normally in plasma and is derived from the prothrombin in the plasma which is responsive to the two-stage analytical reagents. After inhibiting the synthesis of prothrombin and autoprothrombin III, these disappeared far more slowly from plasma than the purified prothrombin and autoprothrombin III which was infused.
Quantitative Determination of Platelet Factor 3 Activity
Authors: Polasek J , Duckert F 
Published: June 2018

SummaryA method for the quantitative determination of platelet factor 3 (PF 3) is described. It is based on the prothrombin consumption and allows the determination of the total PF 3, of the PF 3 made available under various conditions and of PF 3 like activity.The material to be tested is recalcified in the presence of a normal PPP pool to maintain the intrinsic clotting factors in the optimal concentration range. After an appropriate incubation the coagulation is stopped by a citrate solution and the clot removed. The residual prothrombin activity in citrated serum is indirectly proportional to the PF 3 activity. This activity can be expressed in per cents by means of a reference curve which can be established with Cephaloplastin (Dade) dilutions. The 100% value is given by the total average PF 3 activity when the platelet count in PRP is adjusted to 100,000 platelets/mm3. An appropriate correction is needed when the prothrombin concentration is too low in the tested PRP.In 50 healthy blood donors the PF 3 activity ranged between 70-130% with quite small day to day variations.
A Method to Study Inhibitors of Plasminogen Activation
Authors: Bruhn H. D 
Published: June 2018

SummaryA method to study inhibitors of plasminogen activation is described. It is mainly thought to be a one-stage plasminogenolytic method. The same type of inhibition is found in this one-stage assay system and in a two-stage caseinolytic assay system when epsilon aminocaproic acid and salicylic acid derivatives are investigated in parallel in both assay systems. Epsilon aminocaproic acid and salicylic acid derivatives inhibit the activation of plasminogen by urokinase in a competitive way. Alpha2-macroglobulin and antithrombin III did not inhibit the activation of plasminogen by urokinase.
I Was a Percussionist in a Fanfare Band
Authors: Taekema Riek 
Published: June 2018

AbstractThis patient is suffering from headaches early in the morning, it forces him to get up and he can't enjoy being retired and sleep his fill. He is very negative about people and the world. He likes to talk to people but in the meantime keeps them at distance. This case helps us understand the mind of a Nitricum acidum patient.
The Human Experience of Mother Earth: Homeopathic Proving of Clay from Sedona, Arizona
Authors: van der Zee Harry , Shukla Chetna 
Published: June 2018

SummaryIn 2005 a project was started called ‘Global Proving’. Provers from around the world would simultaneously start proving the same substance. The project ultimately involved three substances, Himalayan Crystal Salt, Natural Silver and Arizona Clay, proven in, respectively, October 2005, January 2006 and April 2006. The idea of using a proving not only to get to know the substance but also and primarily to bring about a change in the collective is new in homeopathy and this global proving was a first experiment. Analogous to Hahnemann's stating that participating in provings has positive effects for the prover, we may assume that the participation of larger numbers of people in a proving may have positive effects on the collective. The results of the third substance, Terra Indiana, are discussed in this article.
Effect of Weather and Climate on Animals
Authors: Ellinger Liesbeth 
Published: June 2018

AbstractLiesbeth Ellinger is a veterinarian working together with three physicians in Centaurea. This homeopathic center for humans and animals is situated in Apeldoorn, the Netherlands. Liesbeth is an experienced teacher in veterinary homeopathy and is also active in research into the effectiveness of homeopathic treatment and prophylaxis for animals. In this article, she shares animal cases.