bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Engineered Nickel–Iron Nitride Electrocatalyst for Industrial‐Scale Seawater Hydrogen Production
Authors: Hu Huashuai , Wang Xunlu , Zhang Zhaorui , Liu Jiahao , Yan Xiaohui , Wang Xiaoli , Wang Jiacheng , Attfield J. Paul , Yang Minghui 
Published: November 2024

AbstractSeawater electrolysis under alkaline conditions is a crucial technology for sustainable hydrogen production. However, achieving the long‐term stability of the electrocatalyst remains a significant challenge. In this study, it is demonstrated that surface reconstruction of a transition metal nitride (TMN) can be used to develop a highly stable oxygen evolution reaction (OER) electrocatalyst. Rapid introduction of phosphate groups (PO43−) accelerates the in situ surface reconstruction of Ni3FeN, generating a catalyst, with a conductive nitride core and Cl−‐resistant hydroxide shell that demonstrates outstanding performance, maintaining stability for over 2500 h at 1 A cm−2 current density in alkaline seawater. In situ characterization and density functional theory (DFT) calculations reveal the dynamic evolution of active sites, providing insights into the mechanisms driving long‐term stability. This work not only introduces an efficient approach to TMN‐based catalyst design but also advances the development of durable electrocatalysts for industrial‐scale seawater hydrogen production.
m6A Reader PRRC2A Promotes Colorectal Cancer Progression via CK1ε‐Mediated Activation of WNT and YAP Signaling Pathways
Authors: Wu Xi , Wang Shiyang , Pan Yuwei , Li Mengzhen , Song Manyu , Zhang Hanfu , Deng Min , Yang Xu , Xu Jiuzhi , Zhang Shuo , Zhang Jinhua , Wang Fengchao , Plikus Maksim V. , Lv Cong , Yu Lu , Yu Zhengquan 
Published: November 2024

AbstractColorectal cancer (CRC) is the third most common cancer type and the second highest mortality rate among cancers. However, the mechanisms underlying CRC progression remain to be fully understood. In this work, a recently identified m6A‐modified RNA reader protein Proline‐rich Coiled‐coil 2a (PRRC2A) is markedly upregulated in CRC, and intestinal epithelium‐specific deletion of Prrc2a significantly suppressed tumor cell growth, stemness, and migratory capacity, while its overexpression promoted these behaviors. Through multiomics analysis, PRRC2A directly targeted CSNK1E (encoding CK1ε), maintaining its RNA stability in an m6A‐dependent manner, and that elevated CK1ε can concomitantly result in activation of the WNT and YAP signaling pathways. Interestingly, PRRC2A is directly regulated by the transcription factor ATF1 in its promoter. In summary, the work reveals a novel mechanism by which m6A reader PRRC2A promotes colorectal cancer progression via CK1ε and aberrant upregulation of WNT and YAP signaling. Therefore, PRRC2A and CK1ε can be potential therapeutic targets for treating CRC.
Smart Driving Hardware Augmentation by Flexible Piezoresistive Sensor Matrices with Grafted‐on Anticreep Composites
Authors: Chen Kaifeng , Yang Hua , Wang Ang , Tang Linsen , Zha Xin , Iita Ndeutala Selma , Zhang Hong , Li Zhuoxuan , Wang Xinyu , Yang Wei , Qu Shaoxing , Wang Zongrong 
Published: November 2024

AbstractSignal drift and hysteresis of flexible piezoresistive sensors pose significant challenges against the widespread applications in emerging fields such as electronic skin, wearable equipment for metaverse and human‐AI (artificial intelligence) interfaces. To address the creep and relaxation issues associated with pressure‐sensitive materials, a highly stable piezoresistive composite is proposed, using polyamide‐imide (PAI) fibers as the matrix and in situ grafted‐polymerized polyaniline (PANI) as the semi‐conducting layer. The PAI with large rigid fluorenylidene groups exhibits a high glass transition temperature of 372 °C (PAI 5‐5), which results in an extremely long relaxation time at room temperature and consequently offers outstanding anti‐creep/relaxation performances. The enhancement of PAI‐PANI interfacial bonding through in situ grafting improves the sensor reliably. The sensor presents high linear sensitivity of 35.3 kPa−1 over a pressure range of 0.2–20 kPa, outstanding repeatability, and excellent dynamic stability with only a 3.8% signal deviation through ≈10 000 cycles. Real‐time visualization of pressure distribution is realized by sensor matrices, which demonstrate the capability of tactile gesture recognition on both flat and curved surfaces. The recognition of sitting postures is achieved by two 12 × 12 matrices facilitated by machine learning, which prompts the potential for the augmentation of smart driving.
Calcium Channel Blocker Lacidipine Promotes Antitumor Immunity by Reprogramming Tryptophan Metabolism
Authors: Sheng Yuwen , Qiao Chong , Zhang Zhonghui , Shi Xiaoke , Yang Linhan , Xi Ruiying , Yu Jialing , Liu Wanli , Zhang Guolin , Wang Fei 
Published: November 2024

AbstractDysfunction of calcium channels is involved in the development and progression of some cancers. However, it remains unclear the role of calcium channel inhibitors in tumor immunomodulation. Here, calcium channel blocker lacidipine is identified to potently inhibit the enzymatic activity and expression of indoleamine 2,3‐dioxygenase 1 (IDO1), a rate‐limiting enzyme in tryptophan metabolism. Lacidipine activates effector T cells and incapacitates regulatory T cells (Tregs) to augment the anti‐tumor effect of chemotherapeutic agents in breast cancer by converting immunologically “cold” into “hot” tumors. Mechanistically, lacidipine targets calcium channels (CaV1.2/1.3) to inhibit Pyk2‐JAK1‐calmodulin complex‐mediated IDO1 transcription suppression, which suppresses the kynurenine pathway and maintains the total nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD) pool by regulating NAD biosynthesis. These results reveal a new function of calcium channels in IDO1‐mediated tryptophan metabolism in tumor immunity and warrant further development of lacidipine for the metabolic immunotherapy in breast cancer.
Unusual Thermo‐Enhanced Second Harmonic Generation in Organic Configurationally‐Locked Polyene Crystals
Authors: Liu Yi , Zhu Pengfei , Fan Qingshun , Zhao Zihao , Wei Linjie , Ma Yu , Xu Haojie , Guo Wuqian , Luo Junhua , Sun Zhihua 
Published: November 2024

AbstractTo modulate nonlinear optical (NLO) effects of crystalline material holds great application potential in the photoelectronic and optical fields. Organic configurationally‐locked polyene represents an exciting NLO family with large second harmonic generation (SHG) effects, whereas it is a huge blank to switch and modulate their NLO property through external stimuli. For the first time, here present unusual thermo‐enhanced SHG activities are presented in a polyene‐based NLO compound, 2‐{3‐[2‐(4‐pyrrolidinphenyl)vinyl]‐5,5‐dimethylcyclohex‐2‐enylidene}malononitrile (1), giving a record‐high magnitude of SHG enhancement up to ≈170% during its isomorphic phase transition. Theoretical analysis discloses this behavior stems from the reduced degree of torsion in the π‐conjugated structures in 1, as verified by dihedral angles between its pyrrolidine and phenyl planes. As the first study on thermo‐enhanced SHG properties of organic crystals, this work affords a new avenue of modulating physical properties to fabricate high‐performance photoelectronic and optical devices.
Synergistic Configuration of Binary Rhodium Single Atoms in Carbon Nanofibers for High‐Performance Alkaline Water Electrolyzer
Authors: Logeshwaran Natarajan , Kim Gyuchan , Thangavel Pandiarajan , Jeon Sun Seo , Thiyagarajan Kaliannan , Kishore Kampara Roopa , Lee Hyunjoo , Seo Inseok , Yun Hongseok , Lee Sungho , Kim Byung‐Hyun , Lee Young Jun 
Published: November 2024

AbstractElectrochemical alkaline water electrolysis offers significant economic advantages; however, these benefits are hindered by the high kinetic energy barrier of the water dissociation step and the sluggish kinetics of the hydrogen evolution reaction (HER) in alkaline media. Herein, the ensemble effect of binary types of Rh single atoms (Rh‐Nx and Rh‐Ox) on TiO2‐embedded carbon nanofiber (Rh‐TiO2/CNF) is reported, which serves as potent active sites for high‐performance HER in anion exchange membrane water electrolyzer (AEMWE). Density functional theory (DFT) analyses support the experimental observations, highlighting the critical role of binary types of Rh single atoms facilitated by the TiO2 sites. The Rh‐TiO2/CNF demonstrates an impressive areal current density of 1 A cm−2, maintaining extended durability for up to 225 h in a single‐cell setup. Furthermore, a 2‐cell AEMWE stack utilizing Rh‐TiO2/CNF is tested under industrial‐scale conditions. This research makes a significant contribution to the commercialization of next‐generation high‐performance and durable AEMWE stacks for clean hydrogen production.
Evolution of Dissipative Regimes in Atomically Thin Bi2Sr2CaCu2O8 + x Superconductor
Authors: Shokri Sanaz , Ceccardi Michele , Confalone Tommaso , Saggau Christian N. , Lee Yejin , Martini Mickey , Gu Genda , Vinokur Valerii M. , Pallecchi Ilaria , Nielsch Kornelius , Caglieris Federico , Poccia Nicola 
Published: November 2024

AbstractThermoelectric transport is widely used to study Abrikosov vortex dynamics in unconventional superconductors. However, only a few thermoelectric studies have been conducted near the dimensional crossover that occurs when the vortex‐vortex interaction length scale becomes comparable to the sample size. Here, the effects of finite size on the dissipation mechanisms of the Nernst effect in the optimally doped Bi2Sr2CaCu2O8 + x high‐temperature superconductor are reported, down to the atomic length limit. To access this regime, a new generation of thermoelectric chips based on silicon nitride microprinted circuit boards is developed. These chips ensure optimized signals while preventing sample deterioration. The results demonstrate that lateral confinement at the nanoscale can effectively reduce vortex dissipation. Investigating vortex dissipation at the micro‐ and nano‐scale is essential for creating stable, miniaturized superconducting circuits.
Bifunctional Al Dopant for Enhancing Bulk and Grain Boundary Conductivities in Sodium Ion Conducting NASICON Ceramics
Authors: Xun Bowei , Wang Jian , Sato Yukio , Jia Shufan , Ohno Saneyuki , Akamatsu Hirofumi , Hayashi Katsuro 
Published: November 2024

AbstractCompared to Li+ and Na+ ion‐conducting sulfides with conductivities of ≈10⁻2 S cm⁻1 at room temperature, oxide ceramics typically exhibit conductivities an order of magnitude lower, rendering them less attractive as electrolytes for all‐solid‐state batteries (ASSBs). This study presents NASICON‐based electrolyte, achieving a remarkable conductivity of 6.0 × 10⁻3 S cm⁻1 at room temperature, rivaling that of sulfide‐based electrolytes. This is accomplished by optimizing the composition in the range Na3+x+yZr2−yAlySi2+xP1−xO12 (0.10 ≤ x ≤ 0.50, 0 ≤ y ≤ 0.1). Despite the issue of reduced sinterability with increasing Si/P ratio due to the formation of a viscous SiO2‐rich grain boundary interphase, the addition of Al2O3 effectively reduces the viscosity and improves the sinterability. In other words, a strategy of engineering the liquid phase that is in situ generated from the host phase is viable. The enhanced conductivity is attributed not only to the lowered grain boundary resistivity but also to lattice expansion from modified Na occupations in the crystal structure. Furthermore, this material demonstrates a wide electrochemical window, suppressed partial electronic conductivity, low polarization voltage in direct contact with a Na anode, and charge‐discharge cycles with minimal polarization when directly interfaced with a NASICON‐type cathode, repositioning it as a promising electrolyte for ceramic ASSBs.
Changing behavior and promoting clinical empathy through a patient experience curriculum for health profession students
Authors: Nelson Sara W. , Germann Carl , Yudkowsky Rachel , Pare Benjamin , Wendell Lauren , Blackie Michael , Strout Tania , Hirshfield Laura E. 
Published: November 2024

AbstractObjectivesThe authors sought to explore how a curriculum that uses a patient experience simulation followed by reflection can lead to clinical empathy in learners and whether this experience leads to behavioral change. Further, in response to critiques of common pragmatic approaches to clinical empathy teaching in which empathy is operationalized and taught through formal trainings and checklists, the study aimed to contribute insights regarding how clinical empathy may best be taught to health profession students.MethodsTwenty‐six senior medical students participated in an in situ patient experience simulation during a 4‐month period in 2021–2022 in an academic emergency department. The simulation was followed by a written reflection and a structured debrief. A thematic analysis was performed on transcripts of the group debriefs.ResultsIn the group debriefs, learners described several empathetic behavioral changes they made after this intervention. First, learners discussed performing more small acts of kindness to improve patient care and humanize the patient experience. Second, learners discussed seeking to improve their communication through acknowledgment and validation of the patient experience. Finally, learners described actions to keep patients informed through frequent check‐ins and setting expectations on time.ConclusionsThe findings suggest that empathy may not be simply transactional for health profession students and that an understanding of the patient experience leads to actions that improve the patient experience and alleviate suffering.
Unlocking electrodialysis efficiency with spacer mesh geometry and material conductivity via finite element analysis
Authors: Yao Yuyang , Mu Junjie , Lu Yueyue , Ang Edison Huixiang , Shen Jiangnan 
Published: November 2024

AbstractSpacer meshes in electrodialysis (ED) play a crucial role in influencing fluid and electric field distributions during mass transfer. This study employed finite element analysis using real‐world parameters to explore how spacer mesh geometry and material affect mass transport. Comparisons among different wire mesh configurations revealed increased fluid velocity near mesh wires and reduced electric field intensity nearby, enhancing overall transport efficiency. Increasing mesh count or wire diameter notably improves transport, with optimal results achieved when wire orientation aligns with fluid flow. Additionally, the study showed that spacer mesh conductivity significantly influences ED transport, particularly when it exceeds the conductivity of the solution. These findings advance the design and application of spacer meshes, offering valuable insights for future developments in ED technology.
Stature and Its Association With Physiological Stress Exposure in a Pediatric Autopsy Sample
Authors: Wyatt Bronwyn , McPherson Cait , O'Donnell Lexi 
Published: November 2024

ABSTRACTIntroduction and BackgroundExperiencing illnesses or other stressors may disrupt processes of growth and development throughout the different stages of prepubertal development. Stunted stature for age is one potential outcome from such disruption, with both the nature and timing of stressors playing a role in the development of stunting. This study explores whether stress events in utero or during birth, and prepubertal development have an impact on stature, by examining associations between experience of prenatal or birth issues, postnatal stressor exposure by severity, and stature at time‐of‐death, with the impact of different stress experiences compared.MethodsA coronial pediatric dataset of individuals aged 0–20.9 years (280 male, 195 female) who died in the state of New Mexico from years 2011 to 2019 was assessed for presence/absence of stunting associated with physiological stress exposure type whilst controlling for low socioeconomic status (as inferred by housing type) and sex using two multiple logistic regression models for ages < 12, and for ages 12+. Broad postnatal condition categories were then investigated, again controlling for socioeconomic status and sex for these two cohorts. A linear regression model was also used to assess relationships between stunting, physiological stress, low socioeconomic status housing, and age‐at‐death.Results and DiscussionFor both groups aged < 12 and 12+, experiencing moderate to severe illness prior to 12 years of age increased the odds of being stunted at death. Only experience of prenatal or birth issues was associated with younger age‐at‐death, but stunting itself was not, potentially reflecting the prolonged exposure to severe stressors necessary for stunted growth.
Enhancement of a Mathematical Model for Predicting Puberty Stage in Boys: A Cross‐Sectional Study
Authors: de Almeida‐Neto Paulo Francisco , Baxter‐Jones Adam Dominic George , Arrais Ricardo Fernando , de Azevedo Jenner Christian Veríssimo , Dantas Paulo Moreira Silva , Cabral Breno Guilherme de Araújo Tinôco , Medeiros Radamés Maciel Vitor 
Published: November 2024

ABSTRACTBackgroundPreviously, we developed a mathematical model capable of predicting pubertal development (PD) through seven anthropometric variables, with an accuracy of 75%. We believe that it is possible to develop a similar model that uses fewer anthropometric measurements and provides greater precision.ObjectiveDevelop a mathematical model capable of predicting PD through anthropometric variables.MethodsWe evaluated the anthropometric profile and PD by medical analysis in 203 boys (Age = 12.6 ± 2.6). Subsequently, we divided the boys into groups: development (n = 121) and cross‐validation (n = 82). Data from the development group were subjected to discriminant analysis to identify which anthropometric indicators would be potential predictors of PD. We subsequently developed an equation based on the indicated indicators and tested its validation using data from the cross‐validation group.ResultsDiscriminant analyses showed that age and sitting‐height were the variables with the greatest power to predict PD (p < 0.05). Consequently, the mathematical model was developed: Puberty‐score = −17.357 + (0.603 × Age [years]) + (0.127 × Sitting‐height [cm]). Based on the scores generated, we classified PD into stage‐I (score ≤ −1.815), stage‐II (score = −1.816 to −0.605), stage‐III (score = −0.606 to 0.695), stage‐IV (score = 0.696–3.410), and stage‐V (score > 3.410). No differences were found between PD assessments performed by doctors and assessments using the mathematical model (p > 0.5). The prediction model showed high agreement (R
2 = 0.867; CCC = 0.899; ICC = 0.900; Kappa = 0.922; α‐Krippendorff = 0.885; Bland–Altman LoAs = −2.0, 2.0; pure error = 0.0009) with accuracy of 82.8% and precision of 82%. Analyses in the cross‐validation group confirmed the reliability of the prediction model.ConclusionThe developed mathematical model presents high reliability, validity and accuracy and precision above 80% for determining PD in boys.
Allosteric CDC37 Inhibitor Disrupts Chaperone Complex to Block CDK4/6 Maturation
Authors: Zhang Lixiao , Liu Wei , Zheng Zhen , Zhang Qiuyue , He Yanyi , Gu Jinying , Wang Danni , Shu Huangliang , Yu Jia , Liu Jianfeng , Yin Xingyu , Zhang Lianshan , Zhang Jian , You Qidong , Wang Lei 
Published: November 2024

AbstractCell division cycle 37 (CDC37) is a member of the molecular chaperone family and acts as a cochaperone of heat shock protein 90 (HSP90), which is overexpressed in many cancer types as a regulator of protein kinase maturation. In this process, CDC37 selectively recognizes and stabilizes protein kinases by forming a HSP90‐CDC37‐kinase chaperone complex. The protein‐protein interactions (PPIs) of HSP90‐CDC37 and CDC37‐kinase complexes contribute to malignant tumors, as oncogenic kinases in malignant cells depend upon CDC37 expression. Thus, inhibiting CDC37 to disrupt HSP90‐CDC37‐kinase chaperone complex reveals as a promising way to achieve selective inhibition of oncogenic kinase maturation. Herein, we report a small‐molecule CDC37 inhibitor called DDO‐6079 that simultaneously inhibits HSP90‐CDC37 and CDC37‐CDK4/6 chaperone complex by binding to an allosteric site on CDC37. DDO‐6079 selectively inhibited the maturation of multiple oncogenic kinases to escape heat shock response (HSR). Furthermore, DDO‐6079 decreased the thermostability of CDK6, reversed the resistance of CDK6 to palbociclib (a successful CDK4/6 inhibitor) in colorectal cancer cells and exhibited efficacy in vivo. Together, the results revealed that DDO‐6079 is a first‐in‐class small molecule CDC37 inhibitor that disrupts the HSP90‐CDC37‐kinase chaperone complex and provides a new way to block kinase maturation.
A Chlorine‐Resistant Self‐Doped Nanocarbon Catalyst for Boosting Hydrogen Peroxide Synthesis in Seawater
Authors: Wang Xinyu , Shen Wangqiang , Zhang Chang , Huang Yuzhong , Zhang Jian , Lv Jun , Lu Xing 
Published: November 2024

AbstractDeveloping seawater‐compatible hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) electroproduction technologies is crucial for advancing marine resource utilization in coastal regions. However, designing efficient and highly stable non‐noble metal catalysts for two‐electron oxygen reduction reaction (2e− ORR) in seawater environment remains a challenging task due to the corrosive and toxic nature of chloride ions (Cl−). Herein, we present, for the first time, a novel nitrogen and oxygen self‐doped defect‐rich nanocarbon (NO‐DC700) catalyst, derived from silk fiber, which addresses these challenges with low toxicity, cost‐effectiveness, and high adaptability. The obtained NO‐DC700 catalyst demonstrates an impressive H2O2 production rate of up to 4997 mg L−1 h−1, a high Faradaic efficiency of 96.5 %, and produces 4.3 wt % H2O2 after 20 hours of stable operation, placing it among the highest‐performing catalysts reported in neutral electrolytes. Theoretical calculations reveal that NO‐DC700′s superior 2e− ORR performance is due to the synergistic effect of graphitic nitrogen and C‐OH, which inhibits Cl− adsorption and promotes *OOH adsorption. Additionally, integrating 2e− ORR with Fenton‐like technology enables rapid degradation of organic pollutants and effective inactivation of seawater algae, offering significant potential for mitigating coastal eutrophication and red tide pollution. This work provides valuable insights into H2O2 electrosynthesis in seawater solution and promises advancements in ocean‐energy applications.
Dicyanocarbene‐Induced Metal‐Free Efficient Quinoidization for the Development of Fused N‐Type Organic Semiconductors
Authors: Wu Runshi , Huang Fei , Xu Renjie , Liu Wuyue , Zhang Cheng , Zhu Xiaozhang 
Published: November 2024

AbstractDicyanomethylene‐terminated quinoidal materials are promising n‐type organic semiconductors featuring excellent electron mobilities and air stability. Traditional synthetic methods of these materials such as Takahashi reaction, require the use of expensive palladium catalyst and halogenated substrates. However, for electron‐rich fused aromatic compounds, the poor stability after halogenation renders their halogenated derivatives unsuitable as reaction precursors. To address this issue, we present a new metal‐free synthetic approach using 2‐(dimethylsulfaneylidene)malononitrile as the quinoidization reagent, which is successfully applied to various electron‐rich fused aromatic compounds, leading to the corresponding quinoidal compounds with high yields up to 94 %. We proposed the reaction mechanism, and investigated the physical properties of four fused quinoidal materials based on highly electron‐rich fused aromatic compounds, which are scarce to be synthesized by the traditional method. Furthermore, these fused quinoidal materials were utilized in field‐effect transistors, achieving high electron mobilities up to 1.33 cm2 V−1 s−1. We provide an effective synthetic approach to expand the library of high‐performance n‐type small‐molecule semiconductors.