bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Optimization of 13C‐urea breath test threshold levels for the detection of Helicobacter pylori infection in a national referral laboratory
Authors: Perets Tsachi Tsadok , Gingold‐Belfer Rachel , Leibovitzh Haim , Itskoviz David , Schmilovitz‐Weiss Hemda , Snir Yifat , Dickman Ram , Dotan Iris , Levi Zohar , Boltin Doron 
Published: September 2018

BackgroundThreshold values for 13C‐urea breath test (13C‐UBT) positivity may be affected by various sociodemographic, host, bacterial, and laboratory factors. Manufacturer recommended cutoffs for 13C‐UBT assays may not be applicable in all settings. Optimizing 13C‐UBT cutoffs may have profound public health ramifications. We aimed to determine the optimal threshold for 13C‐UBT positivity in our population.MethodsConsecutive test samples collected at our central laboratory from patients undergoing a first‐time 13C‐UBT between 1 January 2010 and 31 December 2015 were included. The difference between values at 30 minutes and at baseline (T30–T0) was expressed as delta over baseline (DOB). Cluster analysis was performed on the 13C‐UBT test results to determine the optimal cutoff point with minimal interclass variance.ResultsTwo lakhs thirty four thousand eight hundred thirty one patients (87 291 (37.2%) male, age 39.9 ± 19.9) underwent a first‐time 13C‐UBT, including 124 701 (53.1%) negative and 110 130 (46.9%) positive tests, using the manufacturer‐recommended cutoff of 3.5 DOB. Cluster analysis determined an optimized cutoff of 2.74 DOB, representing an additional 2180 (0.93%) positive subjects who had been previously categorized as negative according to the manufacturer‐specified cutoff of 3.5 DOB. Mean positive and negative DOB values were 19.54 ± 14.95 and 0.66 ± 0.51, respectively. The cutoffs for male and female subjects were 2.23 and 3.05 DOB, respectively. Threshold values for <45‐year‐olds, 45‐60‐year‐olds and >60‐year‐olds were 2.67, 2.55, and 2.93 DOB, respectively. Of the 2180 (0.93%) patients with DOB 2.73‐3.49, 289 (13.3%) performed a subsequent 13C‐UBT and 140 (48.4%) remained positive when tested at 20.3 ± 14.4 months.ConclusionsMajor referral laboratories should optimize threshold values for 13C‐UBT positivity for their geographical location. Different cutoff values should be applied for male and female subjects.
Integrating clients’ religion and spirituality within psychotherapy: A comprehensive meta‐analysis
Authors: Captari Laura E. , Hook Joshua N. , Hoyt William , Davis Don E. , McElroy‐Heltzel Stacey E. , Worthington Everett L. 
Published: September 2018

AbstractSome religious or spiritual (R/S) clients seek psychotherapy that integrates R/S values, while others may be reticent to disclose R/S‐related aspects of struggles in a presumably secular setting. We meta‐analyzed 97 outcome studies (N = 7,181) examining the efficacy of tailoring treatment to patients’ R/S beliefs and values. We compared the effectiveness of R/S‐tailored psychotherapy with no‐treatment controls, alternate secular treatments, and additive secular treatments. R/S‐adapted psychotherapy resulted in greater improvement in clients’ psychological (g = 0.74, p < 0.000) and spiritual (g = 0.74, p < 0.000) functioning compared with no treatment and non R/S psychotherapies (psychological: g = 0.33, p < 0.001; spiritual: g = 0.43, p < 0.001). In more rigorous additive studies, R/S‐accommodated psychotherapies were equally effective to standard approaches in reducing psychological distress (g = 0.13, p = 0.258), but resulted in greater spiritual well‐being (g = 0.34, p < 0.000). We feature several clinical examples and conclude with evidence‐based therapeutic practices.
Constitutive cardiomyocyte proliferation in the leopard gecko (Eublepharis macularius)
Authors: Jacyniak Kathy , Vickaryous Matthew K. 
Published: September 2018

AbstractAlthough the contractile function of the heart is universally conserved, the organ itself varies in structure across species. This variation includes the number of ventricular chambers (one, two, or an incompletely divided chamber), the structure of the myocardial wall (compact or trabeculated), and the proliferative capacity of the resident cardiomyocytes. Whereas zebrafish are capable of comparatively high rates of constitutive cardiomyocyte proliferation, humans and rodents are not. However, for most species, the capacity to generate new cardiomyocytes under homeostatic conditions remains unclear. Here, we investigate cardiomyocyte proliferation in the lizard Eublepharis macularius, the leopard gecko. As for other lizards, the leopard gecko heart has a partially septated ventricular lumen with a trabeculated myocardial wall. To test our hypothesis that leopard gecko cardiomyocytes routinely proliferate, we performed 5‐bromo‐2′‐deoxyuridine incorporation and immunostained for the mitotic marker phosphorylated histone H3 (pHH3) and the DNA synthesis phase (S phase) marker proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA). Using double immunofluorescence, we co‐localized pHH3 or PCNA with the cardiomyocyte marker myosin heavy chain (MHC). We found that ~0.5% of cardiomyocytes were mitotically active (pHH3+/MHC+), while ~10% were in S phase (PCNA+/MHC+). We also determined that cell cycling by gecko cardiomyocytes is not impacted by caudal autotomy (tail loss), a dramatic form of self‐amputation. Finally, we show that populations of cardiac cells are slow cycling. Overall, our findings provide predictive evidence that geckos may be capable of spontaneous cardiac self‐repair and regeneration following a direct injury.
2‐deoxy‐D‐glucose augments photodynamic therapy induced mitochondrial caspase‐independent apoptosis and energy‐mediated autophagy
Authors: Feng Xiaolan , Shi Yin , Xie Lifen , Zhang Kun , Wang Xiaobing , Liu Quanhong , Wang Pan 
Published: September 2018

ObjectivesCompared to normal cells, malignant cells have a high degree of aerobic glycolysis, also known as the Warburg effect. Therefore, supplementing photodynamic therapy (PDT), an established cancer therapy, with metabolic inhibitors can augment the mitochondrial damage by depleting ATP. To assess the combined impact of the glycolysis inhibitor 2‐deoxy‐D‐glucose (2‐DG) and PDT on apoptosis and autophagy in human breast cancer cells, and examine the molecular basis.MethodsCalcium‐AM/PI double staining was used to evaluate cell viability. Reactive oxygen species (ROS), mitochondria membrane potential (MMP), nuclear morphology, and autophagosomes were measured using specific fluorescent markers. In addition, translocation of the apoptosis inducing factor (AIF) from the mitochondria to nucleus was imaged by confocal laser scanning microscopy, and DNA fragmentation was measured using PI staining and comet assay. PGC‐1α expression, oxidative phosphorylation, ATP levels, and autophagy related proteins were detected by qRT‐PCR, seahorse bioscience XFP extracellular flux analyzer, and Western blotting, respectively.ResultsCompared to with either monotherapy, 2‐DG+PDT resulted in significantly higher cytotoxicity in the three breast cancer cell lines (MDA‐MB‐231, MCF‐7, and 4T1), which was consistent with tumor growth regression trends seen in the 4T1 xenograft model. A synergistic augmentation of mitochondrial dysfunction (in terms of ROS generation, MMP loss, and PGC‐1α down‐regulation) and ATP depletion was seen in cells receiving 2‐DG and PDT. In addition, nuclear translocation of AIF and the subsequent DNA damage indicated that the cytotoxic effects were mediated by a caspase‐independent mechanism, which was relieved by the ROS scavenger N‐acetylcysteine. Autophagy via the AMP‐activated protein kinase (AMPK) was also observed following 2‐DG+PDT, and reversed upon pre‐treatment with the autophagy inhibitor 3‐methyladenine.ConclusionsThe anti‐cancer effects of 2‐DG+PDT are mediated by both mitochondria triggered apoptosis and AMPK‐mediated autophagy. Lasers Surg. Med. © 2018 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
An AB2‐Type Supramolecular Hyperbranched Polymer Based on Pillar[5]arene Host–Guest Recognition: Construction and Its pH‐Responsiveness
Authors: Shao Li , Zhang Zhihua , Hua Bin 
Published: September 2018

AbstractSupramolecular hyperbranched polymers not only possess the polymeric properties of hyperbranched polymers but also obtain additional stimuli‐responsiveness due to the dynamic properties of non‐covalent interactions. Herein, a novel supramolecular hyperbranched polymer constructed by an AB2‐type copillar[5]arene is reported. NMR spectroscopy, scanning electron microscopy, and viscosity experiments are utilized to characterize the self‐aggregate process of the AB2 monomers. Interestingly, the supramolecular hyperbranched polymer exhibits pH‐responsiveness. After protonation of the AB2 monomers by trifluoroacetic acid, the binding ability among the monomers becomes stronger, leading to the formation of supramolecular hyperbranched polymers with viscosity change. Additionally, although no conventional chromophores are doped, the supramolecular hyperbranched polymer shows a blue emission under irradiation. The fluorescence can be quenched upon addition of trifluoroacetic acid. This study enriches the field of supramolecular polymers with new building blocks and architectures and provided a new effective method for the fabrication of smart polymer materials with stimuli‐responsiveness and special functions.
miR‐34a/BCL‐2 signaling axis contributes to apoptosis in MPP+‐induced SH‐SY5Y cells
Authors: Shanesazzade Zahra , Peymani Maryam , Ghaedi Kamran , Nasr Esfahani Mohammad Hossein 
Published: September 2018

AbstractBackgroundParkinson's disease (PD) is a neurodegenerative disorder which mainly affects the elderly population of various societies. The main hallmark of this disease is the loss of dopaminergic (DA) neurons. So far, numerous studies have implied the role of microRNAs in fine‐tuning cellular processes including apoptosis. Studies have also shown that miR‐34a is mainly involved in age‐related disorders including Alzheimer's disease, and its expression is usually higher in the brain sample patients. Furthermore, the key role of miR‐34a in the expression of BCL‐2, and thus, in vitro and in vivo apoptosis has been revealed. miR‐34a/BCL‐2 axis is therefore of critical importance in inducing or inhibiting apoptosis.MethodsIn this study, human SH‐SY5Y cells were treated with MPP+ and the expression of miR‐34a and BCL2 was assessed.ResultsOur results also showed that treating human SH‐SY5Y neuronal cells using MPP+ to induce oxidative stress and apoptosis led to the upregulation of miR‐34a, as compared to the nontreated control group. Moreover, evaluating the expression level of BCL‐2 in these cells indicated a contradictory pattern, as compared with miR‐34a. It was also revealed that the expression of BCL‐2 was significantly decreased in MPP+‐treated cells, thereby confirming previous studies regarding a new concept. In this study, we show that miR‐34a/BCL‐2 axis is directly correlated with oxidative stress and apoptosis in SH‐SY5Y cells as a model of DA neurons.ConclusionmiR‐34a and its target gene, BCL‐2, play a possible role in the induction of apoptosis in DA neurons, and therefore, they have a potential role in the pathogenesis of PD. Consequently, the therapeutic potential of miR‐34a could be considered in order to inhibit the progression of PD.
Differential uptake of herpes zoster vaccination associated with socioeconomic status: A population‐based study in Stockholm County, Sweden
Authors: Fogelberg Sara , Lamb Favelle , Grönlund Olof , Eriksson Irene , Sundström Karin , Clements Mark , Arnheim‐Dahlström Lisen 
Published: September 2018

AbstractPurposeTo investigate whether herpes zoster vaccine (HZV) was associated with socioeconomic status in Stockholm, when the vaccine was reimbursed in Sweden.MethodsThis was an observational retrospective case‐control study, using population‐based health care registers. During the study period, September 2013 to November 2014, the HZV was reimbursed as part of the National Pharmaceutical Benefits Scheme in Sweden and recommended for individuals over 50 years. A case was any person, living in Stockholm County, who received HZV during the study period. For each case, 10 (unvaccinated) controls living in Stockholm County were selected and matched by age and sex. In total, 9099 cases and 89 736 controls were included. Socioeconomic variables investigated included education, income, immigration status, and marital status. We also investigated whether HZV was associated with the Charlson Comorbidity Index (CCI), and/or previous herpes zoster diagnosis.ResultsMean age at vaccination was 69.8 years, and 65.8% of vaccinees were women. There was a positive association between vaccination and higher education (OR = 3.4 (95% CI 3.0‐3.8) for men and OR = 2.8 (95% CI 2.6‐3.0) for women, respectively) in comparison to primary education. Higher income and being married were positively associated with vaccination, particularly for men, whereas being an immigrant was negatively associated. There was a negative association between a higher CCI score and HZV, indicating that healthier individuals were more likely to have been vaccinated.ConclusionsDespite the vaccine being part of the National Pharmaceutical Benefit Scheme, receipt of the HZV was significantly associated with socioeconomic factors.
Identification of a novel cytochrome P450 CYP3356A1 linked with insecticide detoxification in Bradysia odoriphaga
Authors: Chen Chengyu , Shan Tisheng , Liu Ying , Shi Xueyan , Gao Xiwu 
Published: September 2018

AbstractBACKGROUNDCytochrome P450 monooxygenases play an important role in the metabolic detoxification of insecticides in insect pests. However, little is known about the role of a specific P450 gene and its responses to insecticide exposure in Bradysia odoriphaga, a major pest in Chinese chive production.RESULTSIn this study, a novel P450 gene, CYP3356A1, was cloned from Bradysia odoriphaga. The full‐length cDNA sequence of CYP3356A1 is 2153 bp and its open reading frame (ORF) encodes 508 amino acids. Quantitative real time PCR(qRT‐PCR) analyses in different tissues showed that CYP3356A1 expression was the highest in the Malpighian tubule. Moreover, among the different developmental stages of the insect, the highest expression of CYP3356A1 was found in fourth‐instar larvae. Expression of CYP3356A1 was upregulated by treatment with imidacloprid, thiamethoxam, and β‐cypermethrin at median lethal concentrations (LC50). RNA interference (RNAi)‐mediated silencing of CYP3356A1 significantly increased mortality by 36.90%, 25.17%, and 36.73 when fourth‐instar B. odoriphaga larvae were exposed to imidacloprid, thiamethoxam, and β‐cypermethrin, respectively, at the LC50 dose.CONCLUSIONThese results demonstrate that CYP3356A1 is related to the detoxification of imidacloprid, thiamethoxam, and β‐cypermethrin in B. odoriphaga. Moreover, the study also increased our understanding of the molecular mechanisms of insecticide detoxification in this pest insect. © 2018 Society of Chemical Industry
Distributed containment control for second‐order multiagent systems with time delay and intermittent communication
Authors: Wang Fuyong , Liu Zhongxin , Chen Zengqiang 
Published: September 2018

SummaryThis paper studies the containment control problem for second‐order multiagent systems with intermittent communications and time‐varying delays. Under the common assumption that each follower can only communicate with its neighbors over some disconnected time intervals, some distributed controllers are designed such that all the followers can converge to convex hull formed by the leaders. Firstly, a distributed intermittent control protocol without considering time delays is proposed for second‐order containment control with intermittent communications. Then, under delayed and intermittent communication, a kind of distributed containment control algorithm is derived for second‐order multiagent systems with time‐varying delays. Based on the Lyapunov function technology and the intermittent control method, some sufficient conditions are presented to guarantee that the second‐order multiagent systems can achieve intermittent containment control under fixed topology. As an extension, similar results are obtained for containment control under switching topology. Finally, numerical simulations are presented to demonstrate the theoretical analysis.
Personalized ESA doses for anemia management in hemodialysis patients with end‐stage renal disease
Authors: Rogers James , Gallaher Edward J. , Dingli David 
Published: September 2018

AbstractEnd‐stage renal disease (ESRD) patients receiving hemodialysis are typically anemic due to a lack of erythropoietin (EPO), a hormone required for red blood cell (RBC) production. EPO replacement therapy is complex, often resulting in oscillating hemoglobin (Hb) levels. EPO dosing protocols do not account for endogenous delays and appear to contribute to, if not cause, Hb variability. The Mayo Clinic Anemia Management System (MCAMS) is based on a physiological simulation of the production and lifespan of RBCs, driven by EPO dosage schedules. Patient‐specific parameters were found such that simulated Hb levels matched historical Hb levels in response to historical EPO doses. The calibrated model was used to identify new dosing regimens that stabilize Hb. MCAMS has been used to recommend individualized EPO dosage regimens to maintain stable Hb levels within a desired target range for more than 600 patients, improving patient outcomes while reducing medication costs by about 40 percent.© 2018 System Dynamics Society
2‐Hydroxyethyl‐Substituted Pd‐PEPPSI Complexes: Synthesis, Characterization and the Catalytic Activity in the Suzuki‐Miyaura Reaction for Aryl Chlorides in Aqueous Media
Authors: Aktaş Aydın , Celepci Duygu Barut , Gök Yetkin , Aygün Muhittin 
Published: September 2018

AbstractIn recent years, PEPPSI (Pyridine‐Enhanced Precatalyst Preparation Stabilization and Initiation) complexes have attracted attention in organometallic chemistry. This study contains the synthesis of the 2‐hydroxyethyl‐substituted Pd‐PEPPSI complexes and their catalytic activity in the Suzuki‐Miyaura reaction aryl chlorides in aqueous media. The Pd‐PEPPSI complexes have been prepared from the 2‐ hydroxyethyl‐substituted N‐heterocyclic carbene (NHC) precursors, palladium chloride and 3‐chloropyridine. The Pd‐PEPPSI complexes have been characterized by using 1H NMR, 13C NMR, FTIR spectroscopy and elemental analysis techniques. The Pd‐PEPPSI complexes have been examined as catalysts in the Suzuki‐Miyaura reactions in aqueous media with arylboronic acid derivatives. Also, they have demonstrated excellent activity in these reactions. Molecular and crystal structure of one of the 2‐hydroxyethyl substituted Pd‐PEPPSI complex was determined by single crystal X‐ray diffraction method. X‐ray studies show that the molecular structure adopts a slightly distorted square‐planar geometry with the palladium (II) center.
Gold Nanoparticles on Graphene Oxide Substrate as Sensitive Nanoprobes for Rapid L‐Cysteine Detection through Smartphone‐Based Multimode Analysis
Authors: Li Shuang , Zhang Qian , Lu Yanli , Zhang Dimimg , Liu Jinglong , Zhu Long , Li Candong , Hu Lijiang , Li Jun , Liu Qingjun 
Published: September 2018

AbstractGraphene oxide is a flexible nanoscale building block, which is contributed to improve the electrical, optical, and chemical properties. Here, gold nanoparticles on graphene oxide substrate were synthesized as sensitive nanoprobes for rapid L‐cysteine detection. The smartphone‐based system with multimode analysis of red‐green‐blue (RGB), hue‐saturation‐value (HSV), hue‐saturation‐lightness (HSL), and cyan‐magenta‐yellow‐black (CMYK), were proposed for the investigation of interactions between the nanoprobes and L‐cysteine. Then, optical absorption spectra were further examined to confirm the concentration characteristics of L‐cysteine. Results suggested that gold nanoparticles on graphene oxide substrate had satisfying linearity and stability in dose‐dependent responses to L‐cysteine detection in the multimode analysis with the limit of detection at 0.06 μM. Therefore, the smartphone‐based nanoprobes system not only equipped with a high resolution camera and a powerful processor, but also was a fully automated device without additional label or complex detection. These features make it to be a convenient and efficient analysis platform for multiple fields, such as clinical application, industrial quality control, environment monitoring, and food assessment.
Applying a cognitive‐emotional model to nonsuicidal self‐injury
Authors: Dawkins Jessica C. , Hasking Penelope A. , Boyes Mark E. , Greene Danyelle , Passchier Chantelle 
Published: September 2018

AbstractThe recently proposed cognitive‐emotional model of nonsuicidal self‐injury (NSSI) draws on emotion regulation models and social cognitive theory to understand the onset, maintenance, and cessation of NSSI. We tested the prediction of the model that the relationship between emotional reactivity and NSSI is moderated by specific cognitions about self‐injury (i.e., self‐efficacy to resist NSSI, NSSI outcome expectancies), emotion regulation, and rumination. A sample of 647 university students aged 17–25 years (M = 19.92, SD = 1.78) completed self‐report measures of the constructs of interest. As expected, we found that emotional reactivity was positively related to NSSI, particularly for people who had weak self‐efficacy to resist NSSI. However, emotional reactivity was negatively related to NSSI for people who were more likely to use expressive suppression to regulate emotion. Implications for the theoretical understanding of NSSI are discussed.
Synchrotron Big Data Science
Authors: Wang Chunpeng , Steiner Ullrich , Sepe Alessandro 
Published: September 2018

AbstractThe rapid development of synchrotrons has massively increased the speed at which experiments can be performed, while new techniques have increased the amount of raw data collected during each experiment. While this has created enormous new opportunities, it has also created tremendous challenges for national facilities and users. With the huge increase in data volume, the manual analysis of data is no longer possible. As a result, only a fraction of the data collected during the time‐ and money‐expensive synchrotron beam‐time is analyzed and used to deliver new science. Additionally, the lack of an appropriate data analysis environment limits the realization of experiments that generate a large amount of data in a very short period of time. The current lack of automated data analysis pipelines prevents the fine‐tuning of beam‐time experiments, further reducing their potential usage. These effects, collectively known as the “data deluge,” affect synchrotrons in several different ways including fast data collection, available local storage, data management systems, and curation of the data. This review highlights the Big Data strategies adopted nowadays at synchrotrons, documenting this novel and promising hybridization between science and technology, which promise a dramatic increase in the number of scientific discoveries.