bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Total Syntheses of Crinipellins Enabled by Cobalt‐Mediated and Palladium‐Catalyzed Intramolecular Pauson–Khand Reactions
Authors: Huang Zhihui , Huang Jun , Qu Yongzheng , Zhang Weibin , Gong Jianxian , Yang Zhen 
Published: May 2018

AbstractEfficient total syntheses of the naturally occurring, potent antibiotic compounds (−)‐crinipellin A and (−)‐crinipellin B are described. The key advanced intermediate, a fully functionalized tetraquinane core, was constructed by a novel thiourea/palladium‐catalyzed Pauson–Khand reaction. This intermediate can serve as a common intermediate for the collective total synthesis of other members of the crinipellin family.
Synthesis, structure and antiproliferative activity of dinuclear ruthenium arene complexes with differently coordinated thiosemicarbazones
Authors: Su Wei , Li Yuchun , Xiao Jun‐an , Zhang Yuexing , Li Peiyuan 
Published: May 2018

A series of di‐nuclear ruthenium arene complexes with TSC ligands ([(η6‐p‐cymene)Ru(N1,S‐TSC)]2Cl2, A‐type, 1 and 2) and their corresponding analogues ([(η6‐p‐cymene)Ru(N2,S‐TSC)]2Cl2, B‐type, 3 and 4), in which TSCs act as different coordination mode, have been synthesized and structurally characterized by a variety of physical methods. The molecular structures of 1, 3 and 4 were determined using single‐crystal X‐ray diffraction analysis. The Gibbs free energy of the two examples of the two types of complexes (1 and 3) and bonding order in their single‐crystals were discussed using density functional theory (DFT) calculations. The compounds were further evaluated for their in vitro antiproliferative activities against several cancerous and HEK‐293 T noncancerous cell lines, and the results indicate that B‐type complexes show stronger cytotoxicity than A‐type complexes. Furthermore, the interactions of the compounds with DNA were investigated by electrophoretic mobility spectrometry studies.
Three‐dimensional modelling of a pre‐Aksumite settlement at the archaeological site of Seglamen, Aksum, northern Ethiopia using integrated geophysical techniques
Authors: Getaneh Assefa , Haile Tigistu , Sernicola Luisa 
Published: May 2018

AbstractThis geophysical study is part of a multidisciplinary archaeological research project designed to provide the framework for the reconstruction of the cultural and environmental history of the region to the southwest of Aksum and for the production of a detailed archaeological map for the cultural heritage management of central Tigray. Seglamen, near Aksum in north Ethiopia, an area of about 70 000 m2, is dated from the early to mid‐first millenniumbceand has been detected and excavated since 2010 by the Italian Archaeological Expedition of the University of Naples “L'Orientale”. An objective of this study was to develop a geophysical model that defines the archaeological context of a multilayered archaeological site. In doing so, it was also aimed at guiding future excavations operated by archaeologists on the site, thereby assess the geophysical techniques that work well in this area and make recommendations to several archaeological research projects that have been operating at and around Aksum, with similar archaeological context. Magnetic and electrical resistivity tomography (ERT) techniques were employed. The magnetic reconnaissance survey carried out at 2 m station spacing and 5 m line spacing covering the area and has outlined for further detailed investigation localized anomalies for the ERT. Detailed ERT survey was conducted on a rectangular grid of 21.75 × 44.25 m2with 0.75 m unit electrode spacing and 0.75 m line spacing. It has yielded two‐dimensional (2D) and three‐dimensional (3D) electrical resistivity sections of the surveyed area. From combined interpretation of the magnetic and electrical imaging survey data, it was possible to delineate localized anomalous zones that could be associated with the existence of subsurface features of archeological interest. Interpreted stone‐based walls were validated through test excavations that revealed well preserved and collapsed walls. These cultural structures are sometimes located at depths of about 20 cm so there is a high possibility of destruction by farming activities of local farmers; ultimately, we would urge conservation work in this area.
Controlling Chaos and Neimark–Sacker Bifurcation in a Host–Parasitoid Model
Authors: Din Qamar , Hussain Mushtaq 
Published: May 2018

AbstractIn this paper, a new density‐dependent host–parasitoid model is proposed. The modification is based on density‐dependent factor by introducing Hassell growth function in host population. Moreover, the permanence of solutions, existence and uniqueness of positive equilibrium, local asymptotic stability and global behavior of the positive equilibrium point are also investigated. It is demonstrated that system endures Neimark–Sacker bifurcation for wide range of bifurcation parameter. In order to control chaos due to emergence of Neimark–Sacker bifurcation, two feedback control strategies, that is, OGY and hybrid control methods are implemented. Finally, all mathematical analysis, particularly, Neimark–Sacker bifurcation, chaos control strategies, and global asymptotic stability of unique positive point are verified with the help of numerical simulations.
Nachweis von Straßenbrücken kleiner Stützweite am Beispiel von Wegebrücken in der Eilenriede, Hannover
Authors: Gutermann Marc , Schröder Carsten , Böhme Carsten 
Published: May 2018

AbstractMotiviert durch eine Anfrage zur Untersuchung von Durchlässen und Wegebrücken im Stadtwald Eilenriede, Landeshauptstadt Hannover, wurde eine neue Methode entwickelt und erprobt, mit der die Tragsicherheit von Bauwerken kleiner Stützweite wirtschaftlich nachgewiesen werden kann. Um Abriss und Neubau der Massivbauwerke zu vermeiden, wurde ein Konzept aufgestellt, um die Brücken kostengünstig mit einem Mobilkran und messtechnischer Überwachung risikoarm testen zu können. Dieser Bericht beschreibt die Randbedingungen und Überlegungen zur Lösung der Aufgabe und fasst die Ergebnisse der erfolgreichen Erprobung an 13 Stahlbetonbauwerken und einem Mauerwerksdurchlass in Hannover zusammen.
Examining the trade‐off between confidence and optimism in future forecasts
Authors: Stavrova Olga , Evans Anthony M. 
Published: May 2018

AbstractConfident business forecasters are seen as more credible and competent (“confidence heuristic”). We explored a boundary condition of this effect by examining how individuals react to the trade‐off between confidence and optimism. Using hypothetical scenarios, we examined this trade‐off from the perspectives of judges (i.e., business owners who hired analysts to make sales predictions) and forecasters (i.e., the analysts hired to make predictions). Participants were assigned to the role of either judges or forecasters and were asked to rate 2 potential forecasts. In the “no trade‐off” condition, the 2 forecasts were aligned in optimism and confidence (the more confident forecast was also more optimistic); in the “trade‐off” condition, the more confident forecast was less optimistic. In Experiment 1, judges were more likely to positively evaluate confident forecasters when confident forecasters were the more (vs. less) optimistic ones. Experiment 2 demonstrated that forecasters were aware of judges' preferences for optimism and strategically relied on methods that resulted in more optimistic (but less reliable) predictions. Experiment 3 directly compared the perspectives of judges and forecasters, revealing that forecasters overestimated judges' preferences for optimism over confidence. The present studies show that forecasters and judges have different views of the trade‐off between confidence and optimism and that forecasters may unnecessarily sacrifice accuracy for optimism.
A new multivariate zero‐adjusted Poisson model with applications to biomedicine
Authors: Liu Yin , Tian Guo‐Liang , Tang Man‐Lai , Yuen Kam Chuen 
Published: May 2018

AbstractRecently, although advances were made on modeling multivariate count data, existing models really has several limitations: (i) The multivariate Poisson log‐normal model (Aitchison and Ho, 1989) cannot be used to fit multivariate count data with excess zero‐vectors; (ii) The multivariate zero‐inflated Poisson (ZIP) distribution (Li et al., 1999) cannot be used to model zero‐truncated/deflated count data and it is difficult to apply to high‐dimensional cases; (iii) The Type I multivariate zero‐adjusted Poisson (ZAP) distribution (Tian et al., 2017) could only model multivariate count data with a special correlation structure for random components that are all positive or negative. In this paper, we first introduce a new multivariate ZAP distribution, based on a multivariate Poisson distribution, which allows the correlations between components with a more flexible dependency structure, that is some of the correlation coefficients could be positive while others could be negative. We then develop its important distributional properties, and provide efficient statistical inference methods for multivariate ZAP model with or without covariates. Two real data examples in biomedicine are used to illustrate the proposed methods.
Simulation of phase I metabolism reactions of clozapine by HLM and photocatalytic methods with the use of UHPLC‐ESI‐MS/MS
Authors: Gawlik Maciej , Skibiński Robert 
Published: May 2018

AbstractIn this study the comparison of human liver microsomes in in vitro incubation as well as ZnO‐ and TiO2‐assisted photocatalytic degradation of clozapine as a mimicking method of phase I metabolism transformation was performed. Based on reversed‐phase UHPLC separation and high‐resolution MS/MS data, eight transformation products were identified and seven of them were found to be hepatic metabolites of the parent compound. The multivariate chemometric comparison of the obtained results shows ZnO‐assisted photocatalysis to be a more suitable approach to phase I metabolism simulation. The photocatalytic experiments demonstrated that the disappearance of clozapine followed pseudo‐zero order kinetics.
Developing a robust LC–MS/MS method to quantify Zn‐DTPA, a zinc chelate in human plasma and urine
Authors: Yu Lin , Meng Fanhua , Guo Miao , Yang Ying , He Jianchang , Dong Junxing , Guo Jifen , Peng Shuangqing 
Published: May 2018

AbstractQuantitation of Zn‐DTPA (zinc diethylenetriamene pentaacetate, a metal chelate) in complex biological matrix is extremely challenging on account of its special physiochemical properties. This study aimed to develop a robust and specific liquid chromatography–tandem mass spectrometry (LC–MS/MS) method for determination of Zn‐DTPA in human plasma and urine. The purified samples were separated on Proteonavi (250 × 4.6 mm, 5 μm; Shiseido, Ginza, Tokyo, Japan) and a C18 guard column. The mobile phase consisted of methanol–2 mm ammonium formate (pH 6.3)–ammonia solution (50:50:0.015, v/v/v), flow rate 0.45 mL/min. The linear concentration ranges of the calibration curves for Zn‐DTPA were 1–100 μg/mL in plasma and 10–2000 μg/mL in urine. The intra‐ and inter‐day precisions for quality control (QC) samples were from 1.8 to 14.6% for Zn‐DTPA and the accuracies for QC samples were from −4.8 to 8.2%. This method was fully validated and successfully applied to the quantitation of Zn‐DTPA in plasma and urine samples of a healthy male volunteer after intravenous infusion administration of Zn‐DTPA. The result showed that the concentration of Zn‐DTPA in urine was about 20 times that in plasma, and Zn‐DTPA was completely (94.7%) excreted through urine in human.
Comparison of quality properties between high‐molecular‐weight glutenin subunits 5 + 10 and 2 + 12 near‐isogenic lines under three common wheat genetic backgrounds
Authors: Wang Xiaolong , Zhang Yingquan , Zhang Bo , Florides Christakis George , Gao Zheng , Wang Zhonghua , Zhang Xiaoke , Wei Yimin 
Published: May 2018

Background and objectivesNear‐isogenic lines (NILs) of three Chinese winter wheat varieties were used to explore quality differences between subunits 5 + 10 and 2 + 12. Protein content, gluten quality, rheological properties, and bread‐making quality in the NILs possessing subunits 5 + 10 and 2 + 12 were assessed and compared.FindingsAll measured parameters except protein content significantly changed when subunits 2 + 12 were replaced by subunits 5 + 10. The incorporation of subunits 5 + 10, in the absence of subunits 2 + 12, increased dramatically dough strength, but the extensibility was slightly decreased. The improved functionality of subunits 5 + 10 was only pronounced in the recipient cultivar (Xiaoyan 22) which had weak gluten strength but better extensibility, whereas, the inferior overall quality was obtained in the recipient cultivars (Xinong 2208 and Xinong 1718) carrying medium‐to‐strong gluten strength and poor extensibility.ConclusionsThe functionality of subunits 5 + 10 was well expressed in the recipient cultivars with weak gluten strength and better extensibility.Significance and noveltyThe findings expanded our knowledge on the functionality of subunits 5 + 10 on different genetic backgrounds with gradient elasticity‐to‐extensibility ratio. The transformed lines with extremely strong gluten strength and reduced extensibility could be used as parents in wheat quality breeding and their flour would be suitable for blending with flour of the lower grade.
Biochemically Controlled Release of Dexamethasone Covalently Bound to PEDOT
Authors: Carli Stefano , Trapella Claudio , Armirotti Andrea , Fantinati Anna , Ottonello Giuliana , Scarpellini Alice , Prato Mirko , Fadiga Luciano , Ricci Davide 
Published: May 2018

AbstractPEDOT (Poly(3,4‐ethylenedioxythiophene)) is one of the most promising electrode materials for biomedical applications like neural recording and stimulation, thanks to its enhanced biocompatibility and electronic properties. Drug delivery by PEDOT is typically achieved by incorporating drugs as dopants during the electrodeposition procedure and a subsequent release can be promoted by applying a cathodic trigger that reduces PEDOT while enabling the drug to diffuse. This approach has several disadvantages including, for instance, the release of contaminants mainly due to PEDOT decomposition during electrochemical release. Herein we describe a new strategy based on the formation of a chemical linkage between the drug and the conductive polymer. In particular, dexamethasone was successfully integrated into a new electropolymerized PEDOT–Dex composite, leading to a self‐adjusting drug release system based on a biochemically hydrolysable bond between dexamethasone and PEDOT.
Neighborhood trustworthiness‐based vehicle‐to‐vehicle authentication scheme for vehicular ad hoc networks
Authors: Wang Chen , Xiao Lu , Shen Jian , Huang Rui 
Published: May 2018

SummaryVehicular ad hoc networks (VANETs) are a type of network, which have caused widespread concern. Researchers have done many research on security and reliability of information transmission in VANETs. However, the secure transmission of emergent information, such as accident information, remains an open issue. The vehicle‐to‐vehicle authentication scheme for traffic accident information transmission not only needs to ensure the orderly and secure transmission of information but also to ensure efficient and rapid transmission. In this paper, we propose a novel scheme for VANETs named neighborhood trustworthiness‐based vehicle‐to‐vehicle authentication scheme (NTVAS). NTVAS makes reasonable utilization of cloud computing technology to evaluate the trustworthiness of vehicles for message delivery. One way vehicle‐to‐vehicle authentication ensures the efficiency of the scheme. Additionally, the concept of accident location neighborhood trustworthiness has also been innovatively presented for further transmission of accident information. The security and performance analysis indicates that our scheme is secure and efficient with low computational cost.
A generic Private Information Retrieval scheme with parallel multi‐exponentiations on multicore processors
Authors: Topcuoğlu Cem , Kaya Kamer , Savaş Erkay 
Published: May 2018

SummaryPrivate Information Retrieval (PIR) enables the data owners to share and/or retrieve data on remote repositories without leaking any information as to which a data item is requested. Although it is always possible to download the entire dataset, this is clearly a waste of bandwidth. A fundamental approach in the literature for PIR is exploiting homomorphic cryptosystems. In these approaches, not one but many modular exponentiations need to be computed and multiplied to obtain the desired result. This multi‐exponentiation operation can be implemented by exponentiating the bases to their corresponding exponents one‐by‐one. However, when the operation is considered as a whole, it can be performed in a more efficient way. Although individual exponentiations are pleasingly parallelizable, the combined multi‐exponentiation requires a careful parallel implementation. In this work, we propose a generic tensor‐based PIR scheme and efficient and novel techniques to parallelize multi‐exponentiations on multicore processors with perfect load balance. The experimental results show that our load balancing techniques make a parallel multi‐exponentiation up to %27 faster when the size of the bases and the exponents are 4096 bits and the number of threads is 16.
Energy‐aware load balancing of parallel evolutionary algorithms with heavy fitness functions in heterogeneous CPU‐GPU architectures
Authors: Escobar Juan José , Ortega Julio , Díaz Antonio Francisco , González Jesús , Damas Miguel 
Published: May 2018

SummaryBy means of the availability of mechanisms such as Dynamic Voltage and Frequency Scaling (DVFS) and heterogeneous architectures including processors with different power consumption profiles, it is possible to devise scheduling algorithms that are aware of both runtime and energy consumption in parallel programs. In this paper, we propose and evaluate a multi‐objective (more specifically, a bi‐objective) approach to distribute the workload among the processing cores in a given heterogeneous parallel CPU‐GPU architecture. The aim of this distribution may be either to save energy without increasing the running time or to reach a trade‐off among time and energy consumption. The parallel programs considered here are master‐worker evolutionary algorithms where the evaluation of the fitness function for the individuals in the population demands the most part of the computing time. As many useful bioinformatics and data mining applications exhibit this kind of parallel profile, the proposed energy‐aware approach for workload scheduling could be frequently applied.
Fast parallel image reconstruction for cone‐beam FDK algorithm
Authors: Zhang Shunli , Geng Guohua , Zhao Jian 
Published: May 2018

SummaryFDK algorithm is a popular analytical reconstruction method for practical cone‐beam CT scanners. Compared with iterative methods, the FDK algorithm is computationally efficient. However, the reconstruction speed remains a limitation for its application when dealing with high resolution images. In this paper, we propose a fast method for parallel implementation of the FDK algorithm by the use of multi‐GPU. First, we optimize the backprojection operation of FDK according to the property of geometric symmetry and the correlation between adjacent slices. Then, we utilize the multi‐thread technology to realize the parallel implementation of the optimized FDK algorithm on multi‐GPU. Finally, we implement the proposed method on a multi‐GPU platform. Numerical experiment shows that the proposed multi‐GPU‐based approach can reconstruct a 512 cubed volume in 1.9 seconds from 360 projections of resolution 512 ×512, which is 511 times faster than a traditional CPU–based approach and 5 times faster than a single GPU–based approach. In addition, the reconstruction results also indicate that the proposed method can maintain the same precision with traditional method.
Experimental Evidence for Azeotrope Formation from Protic Ionic Liquids
Authors: Ribeiro Filipe M. S. , Lima Carlos F. R. A. C. , Silva Artur M. S. , Santos Luís M. N. B. F. 
Published: May 2018

AbstractHerein, we present experimental evidence that protic ionic liquids (PILs), derived from 1 : 1 liquid mixtures of the organic superbases 1,5‐diazabicyclo[4.3.0]non‐5‐ene (DBN) and 1,8‐diazabicyclo[5.4.0]undec‐7‐ene (DBU) with carboxylic acids, form azeotropic mixtures with acid/base molar fractions different from 1 : 1. The ability of the carboxylic acids to form strong hydrogen bonds with the PIL ion pair leads to an azeotropic composition richer in the acid component. The results show that the azeotropic composition is ruled by the extent of acid‐base equilibrium and the relative volatility of the neutral species in the PIL medium. The PILs show marked negative deviations from Raoult's Law with the stronger superbase (DBU) leading to an azeotropic composition closer to the equimolar 1 : 1 ratio.
Using remote sensing to assess the impact of beaver damming on riparian evapotranspiration in an arid landscape
Authors: Fairfax Emily , Small Eric E. 
Published: May 2018

AbstractBeaver damming creates and maintains riparian ecosystems in arid regions, which are often afflicted by seasonal and multi‐year droughts. We hypothesize that beaver ponds act as buffers against the effects of drought on nearby riparian vegetation via the following mechanism: Beaver ponds formed upstream of each dam retain water during wetter parts of the year, then during drier parts of the year, they gradually release that water into nearby soil where it is accessible to the roots of riparian vegetation. We calculated the evapotranspiration (ET) and normalized difference vegetation index (NDVI) of riparian vegetation on Susie and Maggie Creeks in north‐eastern Nevada from 2013 to 2016 and then compared the ET and NDVI to the location and intensity of beaver damming on the creeks. We found that the ET of riparian areas with beaver damming was 50–150% higher than the ET in riparian areas without beaver damming and that NDVI in dammed riparian areas was 6–88% higher than that in undammed areas. These differences peaked in mid‐summer when the landscape is at its hottest and driest state. There was no apparent loss of beaver pond drought buffering as a multi‐year drought (2013–2015) progressed. Our results indicate that riparian areas with beaver damming in arid landscapes are better able to maintain vegetation productivity than areas without beaver damming during both short and extended periods of drought.
Modulatory effects of some natural products on hepatotoxicity induced by combination of sodium valproate and paracetamol in rats
Authors: Zaky Hanan S. , Gad Amany M. , Nemr Ekram , Hassan Wedad , Abd El‐Raouf Ola M. , Ali Aza A. 
Published: May 2018

AbstractPossible hepatoprotective effect of Curcuma longa and/or Nigella sativa against hepatotoxicity induced by coadministration of sodium valproate (SV) and paracetamol was studied. Rats were divided into 10 groups, control groups 1, 2, 3, and 4 received vehicles, C. longa (200 mg/kg, p.o.), N. sativa (250 mg/kg, p.o.), or both herbs for 21 days, respectively. Toxicity groups 5, 6, and 7 received SV (300 mg/kg, i.p.), paracetamol (1000 mg/kg, p.o.) for the last 4 days or both for 21 days, respectively. Protection groups 8, 9, and 10 received C. longa, N. sativa, or both, respectively, 1 h before the administration of both the drugs for 21 days. SV and/or paracetamol significantly increased aspartate aminotransferase (AST), alanine aminotransferase (ALT), alkaline phosphatase (ALP), total bilirubin, relative liver/body weight ratio, malondialdehyde (MDA), tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF‐α), and caspase‐3 (Casp‐3) while significantly decreased albumin, total protein, glutathione (GSH) reduced, GSH peroxidase, and superoxide dismutase (SOD). Preadministration of C. longa and/or N. sativa caused protective effect against the hepatotoxicity induced by both drugs.