bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Non-Markovian features in semiconductor quantum optics: quantifying the role of phonons in experiment and theory
Authors: Carmele Alexander , Reitzenstein Stephan 
Published: April 2019

AbstractWe discuss phonon-induced non-Markovian and Markovian features in QD-based quantum nanooptics. We cover lineshapes in linear absorption experiments, phonon-induced incoherence in the Heitler regime, and memory correlations in two-photon coherences. To qualitatively and quantitatively understand the underlying physics, we present several theoretical models that capture the non-Markovian properties of the electron–phonon interaction accurately in different regimes. Examples are the Heisenberg equation of motion approach, the polaron master equation, and Liouville propagator techniques in the independent boson limit and beyond via the path integral method. Phenomenological modeling overestimates typically the dephasing due to the finite memory kernel of phonons and we give instructive examples of phonon-mediated coherence such as phonon-dressed anticrossings in Mollow physics, robust quantum state preparation, cavity feeding, and the stabilization of the collapse and revival phenomenon in the strong coupling limit of cavity quantum electrodynamics.
Two Contrasting Provenances of Prehistoric Obsidian Artifacts in South Korea: Mineralogical and Geochemical Characteristics
Authors: Jwa Yong-Joo , Yi Seonbok , Jin Mi-Eun , Hwang Ga-Hyun 
Published: April 2019

Abstract
Two provenances – Mount Baekdusan near Sino-Korean border and Kyushu of southwest Japan – are well known for Korean prehistoric obsidian artifacts. We examined the mineralogical and geochemical characteristics of the Baekdusan obsidians and the Kyushu obsidians. Though obsidians are of glassy material, microlites are easily found in the host matrix. Fe-oxides are the most abundant microlite phase, with a lesser amount of clinopyroxene, feldspar, and biotite. It is notable that the texture and chemical composition of the microlites in the Baekdusan obsidians are quite different from those in the Kyushu obsidians. Clinopyroxene in the Baekdusan obsidians occurs as oikocryst enclosing smaller Fe-oxides, and has the composition of hedenbergite to augite. On the other hand, clinopyroxene in the Kyushu obsidians is compositionally of clinoferrosilite, and shows intergrowth and/or overgrowth textures with Fe-oxides. Feldspar microlites in the Baekdusan obsidians are generally of sanidine to anorthoclase, whereas those in the Kyushu obsidians of oligoclase. Biotite microlites are often found in the Kyushu obsidians, but absent in the Baekdusan obsidians. Also, there exist prominent geochemical contrasts between the Baekdusan obsidians and the Kyushu obsidians. At the similar SiO2 range of 74 to 78 wt.% the host glasses of the Baekdusan obsidians have higher contents of TiO2, total FeO, K2O, Nb, Hf, Zr, Ta, Y and rare earth elements (REEs) than those of the Kyushu obsidians. The overall mineralogical and geochemical contrasts for the Baekdusan and Kyushu obsidians seem to reflect different parental magma composition and crystallization environment. This distinction can be used to establish the provenance of the obsidian artifacts from the prehistoric sites in the Korean Peninsula as well as contiguous areas such as China, Japan, and Russia.
Development of antimicrobial and antifouling nanocomposite membranes by a phase inversion technique
Authors: Arif Zeenat , Sethy Naresh Kumar , Kumari Lata , Mishra Pradeep Kumar , Verma Bhawna 
Published: April 2019

Abstract
Membrane separation technology is preferred over conventional techniques because of its simple operation and high efficiency. The major drawback of using a pristine polymer for membrane application includes its rapid fouling tendency, which affects the separation efficiency of membranes; hence, they need to be modified using physical or chemical techniques. Recent developments involve the incorporation of nanoparticles within the polymer to achieve high efficiency along with stability. The hydrophobic membranes of polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF) blended with titanium dioxide (TiO2) nanoparticles were synthesized using a phase inversion technique to develop an antifouling membrane. The effects of TiO2 loading on the permeation flux and antimicrobial behavior of the membranes were systematically investigated, and the experimental results were also justified using the theoretical model. Extended Derjaguin–Landau–Verwey–Overbeek, high-resolution scanning electron microscopy, and atomic force microscopy were used to study the membrane morphology. It was observed that the antimicrobial properties of different PVDF/TiO2 ratios against Gram-negative Escherichia coli (E. coli) showed excellent results compared with PVDF membrane. The antimicrobial activity was also evaluated to study the exponential growth phases’ retardation of E. coli over the membrane surface. The experimental result for bovine serum albumin filtration was also studied and high protein rejection was achieved for PVDF/TiO2 (1.5 wt%) membrane.
Preparation, uranium (VI) absorption and reuseability of marine fungus mycelium modified by the bis-amidoxime-based groups
Authors: He Dianxiong , Tan Ni , Luo Xiaomei , Yang Xuechun , Ji Kang , Han Jingwen , Chen Can , Liu Yaqing 
Published: April 2019

Abstract
Bis-amidoxime-based claw-like-functionalized marine fungus material (ZZF51-GPTS-DCDA-AM) was prepared for study to absorb the low concentration uranium (VI) from aqueous solution. A series of characterization methods such as SEM, TGA and FT-IR were applied for the functionalized materials before and after modification and adsorption. The experimental results suggested that the amidoxime groups were successfully grafted onto the surface of mycelium powder and provided the special binding sites for the absorption of uranium (VI). In the absorption research, uranium (VI) initial concentration, pH and equilibrium time were optimized as 40 mg L−1, 6.0, and 110 min by L4
3 orthogonal experiment, respectively, and the maximum absorption capacity of the prepared material was 370.85 mg g−1 under the optimum batch conditions. After five cycling process, the desorption rate and regeneration efficiency of the modified mycelium were found to be 80.29 % and 94.51 %, respectively, which indicated that the material had an adequately high reusability property as a cleanup tool. The well known Langmuir and Freundlich isotherm adsorption model fitting found that the modified materials had both monolayer and bilayer adsorption to uranium (VI) ions. Simultaneously, the pseudo-second-order model was better to illustrated the adsorption kinetics process. The enhanced adsorption capacity of uranium (VI) by the modified fungus materials over raw biomass was mainly owing to the strong chelation of amidoxime groups and uranium (VI) ions.
Teachers’ Approach to Playfulness in the Process of Education/Learning in Lithuania and Greece
Authors: Synodi Evanthia , Linardakis Michalis , Sadauskienė Raimonda , Kochanskienė Asta , Rimavičienė Dalia 
Published: April 2019

Abstract
Playfulness is an integral part of pedagogy of play and includes elements such as humour, teasing, mimicry, riddles and rhymes, singing and chanting, shared activity in different contexts and with different resources (human and material), laughter, clowning, fooling around, inventing rules and rituals to begin, maintain and end play, wit, spontaneity, telling and laughing at jokes. Development of pre-school education in Lithuania and Greece has similarities and differences. The research was carried out in February/September, 2014 in pre-school education institutions of Lithuania and Greece. The chosen method of a research is a questionnaire, which was quantitatively analysed. 186 teachers in Lithuania and 197 teachers in Greece filled in a questionnaire. When analysing the data regarding the playful atmosphere teachers attempted to foster in kindergarten, the differences between the countries were statistically highly significant in all cases but one. In order to understand and maintain a playful education/learning, it is very important to observe children’s reactions, moods during both spontaneous and teacher-initiated activities for children (Broadhead, Wood, Howard, 2010). Teacher-initiated activities must be not less playful than the children’s spontaneous activity.
Clinical Significance: a Therapeutic Approach Topsychological Assessment in Treatment Planning
Authors: Afolabi Olusegun Emmanuel 
Published: April 2019

AbstractPsychological assessment has long been reported as a key component of clinical psychology. This paper examines the complexities surrounding the clinical significance of therapeutic approach to treatment planning. To achieve this objective, the paper searched and used the PsycINFO and PubMed databases and the reference sections of chapters and journal articles to analysed, 1) a strong basis for the usage of therapeutic approach to psychological assessment in treatment plans, 2) explained the conceptual meaning of clinical significant change in therapeutic assessment, 3) answered some of the questions regarding practicability and the clinical significance of therapeutic approach to treatment plans, particularly during or before treatment, 4) linked therapeutic assessment to change in clients’ clinical impression, functioning and therapeutic needs 5) analysed the empirically documenting clinically significant change in therapeutic assessment. Finally, the study suggested that though therapeutic assessment is not sufficient for the systematic study of psychotherapy outcome and process, it is still consistent with both the layman and professional expectations regarding treatment outcome and also provides a precise method for classifying clients as ‘changed’ or ‘unchanged’ on the basis of clinical significance criteria.
Theoretical Background and Methodology of Senior Preschoolers’ Enlargement of the Vocabulary by Means of Phraseological Units
Authors: Mysan Inna 
Published: April 2019

Abstract
The article deals with the problem of preschoolers’ development of speech by means of phraseological units. It reveals their importance for children’s mental development, in particular emphasises that the most striking verges of the child’s language are reflected in its means of expression, that is, in phraseology. They make the language varied, expressive, emotional, vivid, figurative, deepen its ethno-cultural identity; offered are the results of the analysis of children’s speech on listening and use of phraseological units in oral speech. By taking into account the data on specific features of perception, understanding and use of phraseological units in the statements of children are represented the methods of work on phraseology in kindergarten based on the following assumptions: on timely and methodically correct implementation of work on phraseological units will depend speech and mental development of the preschool children because at this age, they begin to comprehend figurative meanings of words and master the process of meanings changing. In addition, at this age period, the child’s vocabulary is sufficiently formed to acquire the wealth and national characteristics of the native language, as well as expressive and aesthetic functions that perform phraseological units. Methodic contains and reveals its components such as: principles, goals, objectives, contents, methods, organisational forms and means of enlarging the vocabulary (impressive and expressive) with phraseological expressions.
Person’s Behavior Control in Stochastic Conditions of Symbolic Danger
Authors: Hmilyar Oleg 
Published: April 2019

Abstract
A person’s behaviour is controlled by five independent regulators – symbol, image, thought, sense and feeling. In this article, the author describes particularities of a person’s behaviour control in simulated stochastic conditions of symbolic danger. An ability of a person to control his/her behaviour under symbolic danger could be measured by a device designed for researching person’s behaviour under stochastic conditions. It was defined that symbolic danger could harmonise a person’s behaviour and cause him/her to act more constructively. The results of a psychological experiment indicated that under stochastic conditions of symbolic danger, efficiency of solving psychomotor tasks depends on the person’s ability to act under situation of uncertainty in space and time and alternative. Sensor-perceptual and symbolic and visual spheres that developed in a proper way allow to provide constructive control of person’s behaviour under situations related to lack of time or psychological tension. Control of behaviour under stochastic conditions of symbolic danger significantly depends on the level of energetic potential of a person. It was defined that participants of the psychological experiment with a high level of energetic potential acted more effectively under symbolic danger compared to persons with low energetic potential. In case of complication of psychomotor tasks, energetic potential of a person, in combination with sensor and motor skills, process of thinking and imagination, consolidate his/her behaviour in stochastic conditions of symbolic danger.
Social Media as a Tool for Improving Teaching and Learning Experience
Authors: Jankauskaitė Dovilė 
Published: April 2019

Abstract
At least a quarter of human population is actively engaging in social media. Social media possesses a high level of influence and importance. For example, social media shapes communication habits between people and provides a communication channel for business enterprises. The statement that teachers should utilise social media as a tool for improving teaching and learning experience, rather than ignoring it, is becoming a common topic for discussion. Hence the aim of this article is to analyse how to use social media in order to improve teaching and learning experience. A theoretical overview of scientific literature on the topic of social media application prospects in education is provided in this article, and a traditional input-process-output schematic for social media usage in teaching and learning is also developed.
Interrelations between Prospective Teachers’ Experiences of Artistic Creativity and Diversity and Individuality as Professional Value
Authors: Briška Ilze 
Published: April 2019

Abstract
The aim of the study is to investigate the possibilities of artistic creativity to foster the development of prospective teachers’ professional values to enable an appreciation of the diversity and individuality. The central idea of the article is on the development of the student’s values and its relation to a person’s direct emotional experience of a particular value and reflective arrangement of its emotional trend and subjective sense. One of the modes of experience of artistic creativity - experience of the creative process - is analysed as a source for emotions, necessary for the initiation of the process of development of values. The analysis of qualitative and quantitative data reveals significant interconnections between prospective teachers’ experience of creative process in art classes and their attitudes towards diversity and individuality as personally and professionally significant values. The results of the research enable us to provide suggestions about the content of visual art studies in teacher training curriculum, recommendable for facilitating the development of prospective teachers’ professional competence.
Students’ Ideas on Innovations in Higher Education
Authors: Jurgena Inese , Cēdere Dagnija 
Published: April 2019

Abstract
The academic staff plays a key role in the implementation of innovations, striving to introduce changes in the process of education and involving students in this process. The aim of this article is to analyse the ideas of students and pre-service teachers, on the role of innovations in the work of the academic staff at the institutions of higher education. The research is based on the analysis of scientific literature, regulatory documents, studies and surveys. The analytical data processing software SPSS was used for the analysis of the data. Having analysed the data of the survey involving the first-year students and pre-service teachers, enrolled both in the full-time and part-time studies at RTTEMA, the authors conclude that readiness for innovative activity and active involvement in the creation, acquisition and application of innovations is an essential factor for amending the traditional activity of the academic staff. The authors gained convincing evidence of the idea that in pedagogy the term innovation refers to the process of renewal, educational reforms, the selection of the most appropriate material (idea, activity, form, method, means, concept, or programme) and their practical implementation, i.e. the creation, acquisition and application of innovations in the pedagogical practice.
The Adult Learner: Self-Determined, Self-Regulated, and Reflective
Authors: Kellenberg Frank , Schmidt Joel , Werner Christian 
Published: April 2019

Abstract
This article refers to the increasing importance of lifelong learning due to changes in the structure of work and society. Learners, teachers and companies need to understand how successful adult learning can look like, which factors of influence exist, and which models are to be applied. As the current academic discussion shows, the area of self-determined and self-regulated learning is becoming increasingly important. Another relevant success factor in this context is the competency to reflect. This article deals with the question of how the three recognized success factors can be linked with each other and brought into line with adult learning. Based on literature review and the author's experience as an adult educator, this article discusses the importance of self-determination, self-regulation and reflection for the successful learning of adults, and highlights the connections between these three influencing factors. The discussion begins with the elaboration of the peculiarities of adult learning in the context of lifelong learning. The three identified influencing factors - self-determination, self-regulation and reflection - are then examined in more detail. These three factors and their influence on adult learning are presented and explained in a basic model. The associated implications for the application in teaching-learning process provide indications for the successful design of learning processes as well as an outlook for future research questions.
Self-Assessment of Physical Activity and Health Capacity of Students
Authors: Plavina Liana , Dulevska Ilva , Karklina Helena 
Published: April 2019

Abstract
The compulsory part of the individual life is physical activity. The physical activity is important for maintenance health capacity. Physical activity includes various kinds of components: physical activity during the leisure time (during the week days and weekend days), physical activity at home and in working place and physical activity during the transference from home to other place. Intensity of the physical activity could also be various from low to moderate and till high. Respondent of study groups were partly time students from Riga Medical College (RMC), n = 41, and from Riga Teacher Training and Education Management Academy (RTTEMA), n = 37. Respondents were students of both genders aged from 19 years till 53 years. We have provided the assessment of the principal anthropometric characteristics (height and body mass) as well the anthropometric indices (body mass index (BMI)) and physical activity level questionnaire for students. Analysis of the data of physical activity questionnaire revealed that the average physical activity for students from RMC corresponded to low level of physical activity. The respondents from RRTEMA have moderate level of physical activity.
The Opinion of Latvian Teachers About the Most Suitable Teaching Methods and Possibilities to Make Lessons Interesting
Authors: Porozovs Juris , Kristapsone Silvija 
Published: April 2019

Abstract
Student’s learning motivation and learning outcomes depend on the ability of the teacher to interest students, the chosen teaching methods and proficiency to manage the learning process. Teacher who can successfully choose teaching content, material resources and different teaching methods is able to cause interest about his subject. Teacher who is interested in teaching process himself can help students to learn a subject. The aim of the study was to find out the Latvian teachers' opinion about the disturbing factors affecting the achievement of high learning outcomes for students, the most suitable teaching methods and the possibilities to make lessons interesting. The survey of teachers of different schools in Latvia regarding their students’ learning motivation was carried out. The data from 482 teachers’ answers were analysed. The results of the research showed that the majority of surveyed teachers consider that learning motivation of Latvia students has decreased during the last few years. Teachers point out several factors, which do not allow students to reach high learning outcomes, the most important of them are: the inability of students to link career and success with learning and lack of life goals; inability of students to concentrate attention during lessons; indisposition of students to do homework. The teachers consider laboratory works, discussions, project works, group works and teacher’s presentations and narrative of new material as the most suitable teaching methods. Teachers consider that the most important personality trait of teachers and learning motivation for students to improve their skills is the teacher’s ability to teach the subject in an interesting way. Teachers believe that lessons can be made interesting if modern technologies and teaching methods are used during lessons and when the teacher is able to connect the subject with real life.
Csmd2 Is a Synaptic Transmembrane Protein that Interacts with PSD-95 and Is Required for Neuronal Maturation
Authors: Gutierrez Mark A. , Dwyer Brett E. , Franco Santos J. 
Published: April 2019

AbstractMutations and copy number variants of the CUB and Sushi multiple domains 2 (CSMD2) gene are associated with neuropsychiatric disease.CSMD2encodes a single-pass transmembrane protein with a large extracellular domain comprising repeats of CUB and Sushi domains. High expression ofCSMD2in the developing and mature brain suggests possible roles in neuron development or function, but the cellular functions of CSMD2 are not known. In this study, we show that mouseCsmd2is expressed in excitatory and inhibitory neurons in the forebrain. Csmd2 protein exhibits a somatodendritic localization in the neocortex and hippocampus, with smaller puncta localizing to the neuropil. Using immunohistochemical and biochemical methods, we demonstrate that Csmd2 localizes to dendritic spines and is enriched in the postsynaptic density (PSD). Accordingly, we show that the cytoplasmic tail domain of Csmd2 interacts with synaptic scaffolding proteins of the membrane-associated guanylate kinase (MAGUK) family. The association between Csmd2 and MAGUK member PSD-95 is dependent on a PDZ-binding domain on the Csmd2 tail, which is also required for synaptic targeting of Csmd2. Finally, we show that knock-down ofCsmd2expression in hippocampal neuron cultures results in reduced complexity of dendritic arbors and deficits in dendritic spine density. Knock-down ofCsmd2in immature developing neurons results in reduced filopodia density, whereasCsmd2knock-down in mature neurons causes significant reductions in dendritic spine density and dendrite complexity. Together, these results point toward a function for Csmd2 in development and maintenance of dendrites and synapses, which may account for its association with certain psychiatric disorders.