bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Evaluation of microtensile bond strength and marginal adaptation of fiber-reinforced composites
Authors: Goteti Sameera Vidya , Anwarullah Anupreeta , Mandava Jyothi , Kantheti Sirisha , Pulidindi Hema , Chandolu Vedamani 
Published: November 2024

Background:
Long-term durability of a restoration relies on the marginal integrity and its ability to withstand the occlusal forces. Fiber-reinforced composites (FRCs) exhibited superior properties in terms of fracture toughness, flexural strength, and wear resistance.

Aim:
The aim of this study was to assess and compare marginal adaptation and microtensile bond strength (µTBS) of posterior FRCs comparing with a condensable composite.

Materials and Methods:
Standardized mesio- and disto-occlusal cavities were prepared on 60 maxillary molars with 3.5 mm pulpal floor depth, 3 mm buccolingual width, and 1.5 mm axial depth. The mesial cavities were restored with everX Posterior and Build-It FRCs, while distal cavities of all teeth were restored with Alert composite and were thermomechanically aged. Half of the specimens from each group (n = 15) were evaluated for marginal adaptation under scanning electron microscope (SEM), and the other half were sectioned for μTBS testing with Instron testing machine. Bond failure mode was examined under SEM.

Results:
Marginal microgaps were significantly high for the Alert group than FRC groups. Gingival surface showed more gaps. Mean µTBS values were significantly high for FRCs. Cohesive failures are more among FRCs, and adhesive failures are more in condensable composite.

Conclusion:
The short FRCs showed superior marginal adaptation and better bond strength than condensable composite.
“Comparative evaluation of cytotoxicity of three herbal endodontic irrigants at three intervals of time” – An in vitro study
Authors: Suraksha H , Shetty Shibani , Jayalakshmi K. B. , Sujatha I. , Harishma S , Choudhary Saloni 
Published: November 2024

Aim:
The aim of the study was to evaluate and compare the cytotoxicity of 25% of neem leaf extract (Azadirachta indica), 20% of guava leaf extracts (Psidium guajava), and 20% of cinnamon extract (Cinnamomum zeylanicum) irrigants at three intervals of time.

Methodology:
Four groups were formed (n = 15), Group 1 (control group) – normal saline solution, Group 2 – 25% of neem extract, Group 3 – 20% of guava extract, and Group 4 – 20% of cinnamon extract. Each group was further divided into three subgroups based on intervals (n = 5). Subgroup A – at 10 min, Subgroup B – at 20 min, and Subgroup C – at 30 min. One hundred microliters of each irrigant was added to 2 mL of the diluted red blood cells suspension obtained from a human volunteer. Hemoglobin (Hb) estimation was done with an automated hematology analyzer after incubating the test samples at 10, 20, and 30 min intervals.

Results:
The reduction in the mean Hb values was not statistically significant in the normal saline, guava, and cinnamon groups. However, in the neem extract group, the mean Hb values reduced significantly at P < 0.001. Among the subgroups, Subgroup A (10 min) showed the least cytotoxicity.

Conclusion:
In the present study, 20% guava extract had the lowest cytotoxicity and cytotoxicity increased with time. Hence, 20% guava extract can be used as an alternative to conventional irrigants as it has been shown to have the least cytotoxicity.
An in vitro comparison of the fracture resistance of MOD inlay restorations using different lithium disilicates
Authors: Mulla Mohammed Junaid , Singh Shishir , Kulkarni Gaurav , Podar Rajesh , Lokhande Ameya , Shetty Roshan , Kumar RS Mohan 
Published: November 2024

Objective:
The objective of this study was to evaluate and compare the fracture resistance of MOD inlay preparations restored with two different lithium disilicate glass ceramics.

Materials and Methods:
Standardized MOD inlay cavities were prepared on 64 human permanent premolar teeth and divided into two groups to be restored with lithium disilicate glass-ceramic materials, i.e. Group I with IPS e.max Press HT and Group II with Shofu Vintage LD Press T. The fracture resistance was assessed using a universal testing machine and recorded in Newtons (N). Statistical analysis was done using SPSS software (Version 17.0, IBM, USA). P <0.05 was set as a statistically significant level. Unpaired Student’s t-test was used to compare the fracture resistance values of both groups.

Results:
The mean fracture resistance value obtained for Group I (IPS e.max Press HT) was 565.04 N while that obtained for Group II was 732.75 N. Statistically significant difference was found in this intergroup comparison (P = 0.002).

Conclusion:
The fracture resistance of MOD inlay preparations restored with Vintage LD Press T (Shofu) was significantly higher than those restored with IPS e.max Press HT (Ivoclar Vivadent).
A Combination of Cell Findings Improves the Accuracy of Voided Urine Cytology
Authors: Iwai Sachiko , Kinjo Mitsuru 
Published: November 2024

Abstract

Introduction:
Urine cytology is a morphological diagnostic test that is, patient-friendly and easy to sample but subjective in morphological evaluation. This study aims to evaluate the effect of combining cell findings to assess urine cytology.

Materials and Methods:
Thirty cell findings found in high-grade urothelial carcinoma (HGUC) were selected for morphological abnormalities, each with detailed definitions. All 66 HGUC and 30 benign cases were examined for morphological abnormalities. The number of cases with at least one abnormal cell finding deviating from normal cells was used. The HGUC and benign cases were compared using significance difference tests. Using the cell findings extracted by the exact tests, discriminant analysis was performed to determine the valid cell findings for HGUC diagnosis.

Results:
There was a difference in the detection rate of abnormal findings between HGUC and benign cases. Additionally, 20 cell findings were detected significantly more frequently in patients with HGUC. Furthermore, the discriminant analysis revealed that six cellular findings (high nucleus-to-cytoplasm ratio, hyperchromasia, eccentric nuclei, nuclear protrusion, unevenly distributed chromatin, and irregular nuclear shape) showed high accuracy in confirming the diagnosis of HGUC.

Conclusions:
Five- to six-cell findings were individually valid; however, the combination of cell findings is crucial for an objective and accurate diagnosis of HGUC.
Implementation of Early Language, Literacy and Numeracy (ELLN) Program: Through the Lens of the Supervisors
Authors: Emata Charlyn Y. 
Published: November 2024

The qualitative – case study aimed to unveil the supportive leadership practices of supervisors in the implementation of Early Language, Literacy, and Numeracy (ELLN) in terms of fostering learner-centered pedagogical practices; providing conducive learning environment; ensuring a balanced curriculum; capacity building; fostering multi-cultural awareness; and building connections, anchored on DepEd vision, mission and core values. There were five (5) supervisors who participated in the study. Of the five (5), three (3) were Education Program Supervisors and two (2) were Public Schools District Supervisors. As to the supportive leadership of supervisors in terms of fostering learner-centered pedagogical practices, four (4) themes emerged: advocating developmentally appropriate techniques; conducting trainings; doing monitoring and evaluation; and encouraging coaching and mentoring. As to providing conducive learning environment, two (2) themes emerged: providing instructional materials; and ensuring an enabling environment. In terms of ensuring a balanced curriculum, two (2) themes emerged: adhering to standards; and contextualizing the curriculum. As to capacity building, one (1) theme emerged, which was conducting professional development activities. In terms of fostering multi-cultural awareness, one (1) theme emerged, which was promoting inclusive education. In terms of building connections, one (1) theme emerged, which was advocating stakeholder engagement. The DepEd vision, mission and core values served as guide to the supervisors.
Didaculturation in Literature Class
Authors: Kerras Nassima 
Published: November 2024

This study aims to present a new concept (Didaculturation) based on the work of the author Formoso (2021), a specialist in the analysis of cultures. Formoso has proposed a notion (Coculturation) focused on the importance of the coexistence of different cultures, moving away from the separating theories and terms that are often used in plural societies. Our approach (Didaculturation) aims to take up this definition and apply it to didactics. We centre on teaching literature as a field of verbal and written expression, including narratives that often reflect social actions that must be explained in class under a cultural approach. It should be done in this way for an effective reception of the message and the positive coexistence between people. This is in addition to teaching the stylistic, aesthetic or poetic functions.
Persepsi Masyarakat Kota Pontianak Terhadap Wacana Redenominasi Rupiah Di Indonesia (Studi Kasus Pelaku UMKM Di Kota Pontianak)
Authors: Ekajaya Candra , Syahbudi Syahbudi , Bustami Bustami , Safri Hayanuddin 
Published: November 2024

Redenomination is included in the Ministry of Finance's 2020-2024 strategic plan and will be realized in the near future. Redenomination offers many benefits for the economy, but its implementation must be careful to avoid hyperinflation. One important factor in the success of redenomination depends on people's knowledge about redenomination, which will influence their perceptions. Wrong perceptions can make people reject redenomination because it is considered the same as sanering. Therefore, a study of public perception is needed before implementing redenomination. This research uses the Spearman Rank Correlation method with a sample of 100 MSMEs in Pontianak City. Data was collected through a questionnaire with a 5 point Likert scale. The research results show that the public has adequate (good) knowledge and perceptions regarding the government's plans to implement the redenomination policy. The amount of income has no implications for the public's perception regarding the redenomination plan that will be implemented by the government, and the level of education has no implications for the public's perception regarding the redenomination plan that will be implemented by the government.
ОДАМ САВДОСИГА УЧРАГАН МИГРАНТ ХОТИН-ҚИЗЛАР ҲАҚИДА БАЪЗИ МУЛОҲАЗАЛАР
Authors: Азаматова Гулмира 
Published: November 2024

Ушбу мақолада одам савдосининг бугунги кунда кўплаб мамлакатларни жиддий ташвишга солаётган муаммо эканлиги ва жабрланганларнинг асосий қисмини аёллар ташкил этаётгани ёритилган. Шунингдек, одам савдоси давлат чегараларининг очилиши ва ташқи миграциянинг ошиб бориши билан боғлиқлиги ёритилган.
Strategi Komunikasi Bisnis Surat Kabar Harian Rantauprapat Pos dalam Menjaring Pemasang Iklan
Authors: Siregar Usmala Dewi 
Published: November 2024

Artikel ini dibuat untuk mendeskripsikan dan menganalisis bagaimana Rantauprapat Pos melakukan strategi komunikasi bisnis dalam menjaring para pemasang iklan. Artikel ini menggunakan metode penelitian deskriptif dengan melakukan dua macam penelitian yakni field research (penelitian lapangan) dengan terjun langsung ke lokasi penelitian yakni di Kantor Rantauprapat Pos dan Library Reasearch (studi kepustakaan) mengumpulkan artikel-artikel yang berkaitan sebagai data tambahan dalam penelitian. Strategi komunikasi bisnis yang diterapkan oleh surat kabar harian Rantauprapat Pos dalam menjaring pemasang iklan adalah dengan menerapkan tiga macam dari lima macam metode strategi komunikasi pemasaran. Rantauprapat Pos menerapkan Periklanan (advertising), Promosi dan penjualan tatap muka (Personal Selling). Rantauprapat Pos menerapkan pertama, periklanan. Sasaran yang ingin dicapai adalah masyarakat dari semua kalangan ekonomi dan isi dari pesan yang disampaikan tidak langsung membujuk masyarakat untuk memasang iklan di Rantauprapat Pos namun lebih kepada pencitraan Rantauprapat Pos agar masyarakat dapat lebih percaya memasang iklannya. Kedua, kegiatan promosi. Hal ini agar popularitas Rantauprapat Pos bisa meningkat di mata masyarakat dan isi dari pesannya juga bukan bujukan langsung untuk memasang iklan, melainkan hanya untuk mengenalkan koran Rantauprapat Pos kepada target pemasaran yakni generasi muda. Ketiga, strategi personal selling. Hal ini berguna untuk mendapatkan keuntungan yang besar dari para pemasang iklan.
Perancangan Media Pembelajaran Informatika Kelas X Menggunakan Canva di Pondok Pesantren Madinatul Munawwarah
Authors: Ramadani Muhammad , Yuspita Yulifda Elin , Darmawati Gusnita , Annas Firdaus 
Published: November 2024

Peran media pendidikan digital sangat penting di bidang pendidikan. Pondok Pesantren Madinatul Munawwarah Bukittinggi salah satunya. Para penulis memahami bahwa sementara pengajaran Informatika sebagian besar menggunakan metode praktis, penggunaan teknologi di kelas tidak begitu luas karena sebagian besar media yang digunakan adalah presentasi PowerPoint. Hal ini dilihat kurang efektif dalam pelaksanaannya. Dengan demikian tujuan penelitian ini untuk merancang media pembelajaran informatika dengan menggunakan canva agar dapat mengingkatkan keefektifan proses pembelajaran. Peneliti merancang media pembelajaran Informatika menggunakan canva di Pondok Pesantren Madinatul Munawwarah Bukittinggi menggunakan metode pengembangan atau Research and Development (R&D) dengan menggunakan pendekatan versi 4D, yaitu Define, Design, Develop, dan Disseminate. Uji Validitas, Uji Praktikalitas, dan uji Efektivitas. Hasil penelitian berupa media pembelajaran Informatika yang digunakan oleh guru pada mata pelajaran Informatika. Hasil uji validitas yang diperoleh dari 3 orang validator diperoleh nilai rata-rata 0,89 dengan kriteria valid, hasil praktikalitas yang diperoleh dari 2 orang penguji nilai rata – rata 0,88 dengan kriteria sangat tinggi, dan hasil efektifitas yang diperoleh dari 19 orang siswa dengan nilai rata – rata 0,80 dengan kriteria Sangat Efektif.
ВЛИЯНИЕ КОЛИЧЕСТВА СЛОЕВ НАНЕСЕННОГО ВОСКА НА НЕКОТОРЫЕ СВОЙСТВА ПОВЕРХНОСТИ МАХАГОНИ (SWIETENIA MAHAGONI (L.) JACQ.)
Authors: У. Аята 
Published: November 2024

В данном исследовании были изучены некоторые поверхностные свойства (параметры цвета, индекс белизны WI* и глянец (параллельно и перпендикулярно к волокнам под углами 20, 60 и 85°)) воска, нанесенного на древесину махагони (Swietenia mahagoni (L.) Jacq.) с разным количеством слоев (1, 2 и 3). Была сформирована контрольная группа, и поверхности, обработанные воском, сравнивались с результатами. Согласно полученным результатам, количество слоев оказалось значимым во всех тестах в анализе дисперсии. В то время как образцы с тремя слоями нанесения дали самые высокие значения глянцевости, были замечены увеличения при осмотре. Значения WI*, а также все параметры цвета уменьшались при нанесении слоев воска в обоих направлениях. Значения ∆E* составили 7,41 для однослойного нанесения воска, 8,87 для двух слоев и 9,81 для трех слоев. Поскольку полученные значения общего цветового отличия были очень близкими друг к другу, было замечено, что однослойное нанесение воска будет достаточным.
In this research, some surface properties (color parameters, whiteness index: WI*, and glossiness (parallel and perpendicular to the ﬁbers at 20, 60, and 85 degrees)) were investigated on wax applications applied to mahogany (Swietenia mahagoni (L.) Jacq.) wood with different coat numbers (1, 2, and 3). A control group was formed, and the surfaces treated with wax were compared with the results. According to the determined results, the coat number was found to be signiﬁcant in all tests in the analysis of variance. While the samples with three coats of application yielded the highest results in glossiness values, increases were observed upon examination. The WI* values, as well as all color parameters, decreased with the application of wax layers in both directions. ∆E* values of 7,41 were recorded for a single coat of wax application, 8,87 for two coats, and 9,81 for three coats. Since the total color difference values obtained were very close to each other, it was observed that a single coat wax application would be sufﬁcient.
A global re-analysis of regionally resolved emissions and atmospheric mole fractions of SF6 for the period 2005–2021
Authors: Vojta Martin , Plach Andreas , Annadate Saurabh , Park Sunyoung , Lee Gawon , Purohit Pallav , Lindl Florian , Lan Xin , Mühle Jens , Thompson Rona L. , Stohl Andreas 
Published: November 2024

Abstract. We determine the global emission distribution of the potent greenhouse gas sulfur hexafluoride (SF6) for the period 2005–2021 using inverse modelling. The inversion is based on 50 d backward simulations with the Lagrangian particle dispersion model (LPDM) FLEXPART and on a comprehensive observation data set of SF6 mole fractions in which we combine continuous with flask measurements sampled at fixed surface locations and observations from aircraft and ship campaigns. We use a global-distribution-based (GDB) approach to determine baseline mole fractions directly from global SF6 mole fraction fields at the termination points of the backward trajectories. We compute these fields by performing an atmospheric SF6 re-analysis, assimilating global SF6 observations into modelled global three-dimensional mole fraction fields. Our inversion results are in excellent agreement with several regional inversion studies in the USA, Europe, and China. We find that (1) annual US SF6 emissions strongly decreased from 1.25 Gg in 2005 to 0.48 Gg in 2021; however, they were on average twice as high as the reported emissions to the United Nations. (2) SF6 emissions from EU countries show an average decreasing trend of −0.006 Gg yr−1 during the period 2005 to 2021, including a substantial drop in 2018. This drop is likely a direct result of the EU's F-gas regulation 517/2014, which bans the use of SF6 for recycling magnesium die-casting alloys as of 2018 and requires leak detection systems for electrical switch gear. (3) Chinese annual emissions grew from 1.28 Gg in 2005 to 5.16 Gg in 2021, with a trend of 0.21 Gg yr−1, which is even higher than the average global total emission trend of 0.20 Gg yr−1. (4) National reports for the USA, Europe, and China all underestimated their SF6 emissions. (5) Our results indicate increasing emissions in poorly monitored areas (e.g. India, Africa, and South America); however, these results are uncertain due to weak observational constraints, highlighting the need for enhanced monitoring in these areas. (6) Global total SF6 emissions are comparable to estimates in previous studies but are sensitive to a priori estimates due to the low network sensitivity in poorly monitored regions. (7) Monthly inversions indicate that SF6 emissions in the Northern Hemisphere were on average higher in summer than in winter throughout the study period.
Crowd-sourced trait data can be used to delimit global biomes
Authors: Scheiter Simon , Wolf Sophie , Kattenborn Teja 
Published: November 2024

Abstract. Terrestrial biomes and their biogeographic patterns have been derived from a large variety of variables including species distributions and bioclimate or remote sensing products. However, classifying the biosphere into biomes from a functional perspective using biophysical traits has rarely been tested. Such a trait-based biome classification has been limited by data availability. Here, we aimed to exploit crowd-sourced plant observations and trait databases to systematically assess which traits are most suitable for biome classification. We derived global patterns of 33 biophysical traits covering around 50 % of the land surface by combining crowd-sourced species distribution data from the Global Biodiversity Information Facility (GBIF) and trait observations from the TRY database. Using these trait maps as predictors for supervised cluster analyses, we tested to what extent we can reconstruct 31 published biome maps. A sensitivity analysis with randomly sampled combinations of traits was performed to identify the traits that are most appropriate for biome classification. Performance was quantified by comparing modeled biome maps and the respective observation-based biome maps. Finally, spatial gaps in the resulting biome maps were filled using species distribution models to obtain continuous global biome maps. We showed that traits can be used for biome classification and that the most appropriate traits are conduit density; rooting depth; height; and different leaf traits, including specific leaf area and leaf nitrogen content. The best performance of the biome classification was obtained for biome maps based on biogeographic zonation and species distributions, in contrast to biome maps derived from optical reflectance. The availability of crowd-sourced plant observations is heterogeneous, and, despite its exponential growth, large data gaps are prevalent. Nonetheless, it was possible to derive biome classification schemes from these data to predict global biome patterns with good agreement. Therefore, our analysis is a valuable approach towards understanding biome patterns based on biophysical traits and associated ecological strategies.
“Questo titolo conosciuto da tutto il mondo per instrumento notabilissimo di tutte le discordie”. La strategia di Alfonso II d’Este e la Monarchia spagnola dinanzi all’elevazione dei Medici al titolo granducale negli anni Settanta del XVI secolo
Authors: Favalli Alessandra 
Published: November 2024

La concessione del titolo di granduca di Toscana a Cosimo I de’ Medici da parte di Pio V nel 1569 acuì la conflittualità che contraddistingueva le relazioni tra questi attori politici e il duca di Ferrara, Alfonso II d’Este. Questi, colpito negativamente dal privilegio pontificio relativamente alla disputa per la precedenza che lo opponeva ai Medici, provò a sfruttare a proprio vantaggio le tensioni sorte nella penisola italiana conseguentemente alla creazione del granducato di Toscana per ottenere una presa di posizione del re di Spagna a proprio favore e in opposizione al nuovo titolo. Questo studio si propone di analizzare la strategia retorica utilizzata dal duca di Ferrara per cercare di acquisire supporti alla corte di Spagna, le modalità attraverso le quali i suoi agenti furono chiamati a metterla in atto e i risultati ottenuti a fronte dell’evolversi della politica asburgica a beneficio dei Medici e a inevitabile detrimento delle ragioni estensi.
The Impact of Cognitive and Emotional Biases on Individual Investor’s Investment Decision: Mediating Role of Risk Perception
Authors: Malik Laraib , Ullah Kaleem , Soomro Mehwish 
Published: November 2024

This study aims to clarify the mechanisms by which cognitive and emotional biases influence the investment choices of retail investors who trade on the Pakistan Stock Exchange (PSX), in addition to mediation of risk perception. The behavior of retail investors in the least developing or emerging financial markets is not generally recognized, with most studies concentrating on well-developed financial markets. Utilizing a sample of 385 traders who are investors in the PSX, data was gathered through a purposive sampling technique. The descriptive analysis was conducted using IBM SPSS 27, while the measurement model and SEM assessments were conducted through SmartPLS 4.1.0.3. The findings reveal that biases, including representativeness bias (? = -0.185, p < .05), availability bias (? = -0.223, p < .000), and regret aversion bias (? = -0.494, p < .000), negatively affect investment choices made by retail investors on the PSX, with risk perception (? = 0.302, p < .000) mediating these relationships. This study, recommended for stock exchange investors and policymakers in collectivist cultures and least developed markets, provides original insights into the mediating role of risk perception, a context often overlooked in research focused on developed markets.