bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Fuzzy orbit topological spaces
Authors: Majeed R N , El-Sheikh S A 
Published: August 2019

Abstract
The concept of fuzzy orbit open sets under the mapping f:X → X in a fuzzy topological space (X,τ) was introduced by Malathi and Uma (2017). In this paper, we introduce some conditions on the mapping f, to obtain some properties of these sets. Then we employ these properties to show that the family of all fuzzy orbit open sets construct a new fuzzy topology, which we denoted by τ

F0
coarser than τ. As a result, a new fuzzy topological space (X, τ

F0
) is obtained. We refer to this topological space as a fuzzy orbit topological space. In addition, we define the notion of fuzzy orbit interior (closure) and study some of their properties. Finally, the category of fuzzy orbit topological spaces

F
O
T
O
P

is defined, and we prove it can be embedded in the category of fuzzy topological spaces

F
T
O
P

.
Pole’s decomposition for Burgers’ hierarchy with dynamical systems of poles for solutions of its first and second level
Authors: Malloki Inaam A. , Mutashar Hussein Jameel 
Published: August 2019

Abstract
Singularities (poles in particular) often occur in solutions of partial differential equations. In this paper we consider the Burgers hierarchy family of equations. We prove that this family enjoys poles decomposition property. This property may provide rational solutions with movable poles. We find the motion of these poles as dynamical systems for the first and second level of the hierarchy.
Solving Linear Programming Problem in ℤn by Graphical Method
Authors: Mohammed Hussam A. A. , Khtan Ghassan A. , Alhusiny Amjad H. , Nasralla Ali M. 
Published: August 2019

Abstract
The aim of this paper is to find a new type of linear programming problems depending on the set ℤ
n
(the set of integers modulo n) by using the graphical method. We gave a new definitions that is characterized by the set ℤ
n
. We found that in this set many basic concepts in classic linear programming changed.
Study of Some Molecular indicators of Dates Palm male Cultivars Phoenix dactylifera L
Authors: M.Handal Israa , Abd Abdul Kareem M. , Al-Najjar Mohammed A. H. 
Published: August 2019

Abstract
.This study was worked in the laboratories of the Center for Palm Research at the University of Basrah. To aim for the genetic DNA of twelve species of date palm males (Gnami Aghder, Dualee, Mosharhr, Akiki, Rabey, Majhool, Gharib, Brahimi, Abu Albutut, Sultani, Amlah and Mogalgal) was identified by using four primers(OPA-09, OPB-09, OPC-09 and OPC-08). The results was showed the presence of clear bands in some species of date palm males such as Rabey, Sultani, Majhool and Brahimi. The OPC-08 primer has the highest number of bunds that was 44 bunds. The OPC-09 primer has the lowest number of bunds that was 24 bunds. The species were divided into two groups in cluster analysis when the Mogalgal and Akiki species were isolated in a group alone. Other species in the group. The lowest genetic distance recorded between the Sultani and Amlah was 0.973. The similarity percentage of Majhool and Dualee was 0.973too.
Effect of Salicylic acid and irrigation intervals on yield components of five genotypes of maize (Zea mays L.)
Authors: S.Al-Sheikh Warqa,a M. , Alwan Abdoun H. , M.Al-Jubouri Abduljassim 
Published: August 2019

Abstract
This study was carried out during spring and fall growing seasons of 2013 in Alfayadah district –Alhindiya Kerbala governorate to study the effect of different concentration of SA, two periods of irrigation as well as their interaction on the yield and its componants of maize plants. Maize cultivars were Almaha, Buhooth, Fajer, Baghdad and Local. Factorial experiment within randomized complete block design ( R.C.B.D) was adopted (5∗2∗5) for SA, irrigation period and cultivars respectively with three replicates. Means were compared using LSD at 0.05 probability level. The 1st addition of SA was at 4-5 true leaves stage and the 2nd addition was one month after the 1st one (50%of male flowering ), Results revealed that SA resulted in a significant increase in dry weight of yield (g) at the concentrations of 200 and 150 mg/L SA 68.00% & 32.10% for both seasons respectively. Higher weight of 100 seeds 5.72% was found at 150 mg / L SA during the fall season. The biological yield was also increased by 10.63% & 15.83% at a concentration of 200 mg/L SA for both seasons respectively. Increasing the intervals of irrigation from 7 to 14 days caused a reduction in dry weight of yield by 21.27% and 15.37% and weight of 100 seeds by 9.62% & 5.84% respectively, as well as reducing the biological yield by 10.55 & %17.32% for both seasons respectively. Maize cultivars showed fluctuations in most studied parameters between spring and fall seasons. The interaction between SA & water interval showed a significant increase of most studied parameters concerning, yield and its components.The interaction between SA and cultivars significantily affected the above mentioned parameters.The interaction between the three factors had a significant effect on the studied traits.
Morphological study of the cattle ticks (Acari: Ixodidae) infesting on sheep in Alnnajaf province-Iraq
Authors: Al-Husseini Maallh T. 
Published: August 2019

AbstractPresent study was conducted during period (March to September 2018) on the cattle ticks (Acari: Ixodidae) that infested on sheep goat ears in Alnnajaf Province. Two species of hard ticks were identifiedBoophilus annulatusandRhipicephalus sanguineus, the speciesB. annulatuswas most predominant than the speciesR. sanguineusat percentages (92.14, 7.85) % respectively. Of these ticks, 105 were female, 38 were males, 124 and 144 were nymph females and males respectively and there were not larva observed. The monthly samples of hard tickB. annulatusrevealed that higher monthly samples during September, but lower monthly samples during June and July. Results of Scanner Electron Microscope analyses showed more distinguished fine characters ofB. annulatusthat differentiated fromR. sanguineus, however both species were lived together on sheep and goat.
A survey of Ectoparasites Infestation in Stray Dogs in Basrah Province / Iraq
Authors: Thamer Nadia K. , Faraj Katherine B. 
Published: August 2019

Abstract
One hundred samples of stray dogs with different ages and sex we examined to investigate the occurrence of ectoparasites, from the period of October 2015 to May 2016. These samples were collected from different regions in Basrah province, the study showed the presence of three types of ectoparasites which are tick Rhipicephallus sanguineus (38.2% ), lice species was Heterodoxus longitrasus (57.35%) and fleas was Stenocephalides canis (4.4 %).
The highest rate was record in Shatt Al-Arab region (100%) while the lowest infestation rate was (35%) in Al-Faw region. Ear and neck region of stray dogs body were infected by ectoparasites more than other region of the body (100 %) respectively total infestation rate was 68%. There were significant difference at (p < 0.01) in the prevalence of all detected ectoparasites in relation to the sexes of dogs. Because of the stray dogs are reservoirs for zoonotic intestinal protozoa and helminthes parasites and ectoparasites should be considered important to public health, so may have an important role in transmission of some disease to human, so this study was designed to investigate ectoparasites in stray dogs in Basrah province.
CuO nano particles synthesized via the mechanichanical method starting with solids state chemichal reactions.
Authors: Abbas Ali Kareem , Abass Suhad Kareem , Bashi Abbas Matrood 
Published: August 2019

Abstract
Copper oxide nanoparticles have been prepared by the reductions of cupper salts in the solid sodium hydroxid in the presence of salisylic acid as a catalyst and NaOH as asstabilizing. The prepared nano particles were charecterized using. FT–IR spectroscopy, X-ray diffraction pattern, and scanning electron microscope, the synthesized copper oxide nanoparticles, have sizes in the range of (5-31)nm and layer thikness 6-9nm depending on the starting materials ( cupper salts).
Plant extract: safe way for fabrication silver nanoparticles
Authors: Al Hindawi Aula M. , Joudah Inam , Hamzah Shaymaa , Tarek Zeyad 
Published: August 2019

Abstract
A safe approach for fabrication silver nanoparticles has established. In this approach a grape fruit peel extract was employed to serve as a capping agent to reduce the aggregation process of Ag nanoparticles. The formation of Ag nanocrystal was confirmed by the color change from yellow to brownish red after 24-hour incubation. The red shift of SPR band position (∼455 nm) compared to the bulk silver (420 nm) indicates the formation of silver nanoparticles. The size and morphology of Ag nanoparticles were characterized by scanning electron microscopy. The SEM images revealed that the prepared Ag nanoparticles have a diameter of 50-70 nm, while the cubic-like shapes are dominated. Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FT-IR) was employed to characterize the prepared Ag nanoparticles.
Synthesis of Zinc-Aluminum Layered Double Hydroxides and Application of Adsorption for Nitrate from Water
Authors: Salman Hamida Edan , Hussein Nahlah Jaber 
Published: August 2019

Abstract
Zinc-aluminum Layered double hydroxide was synthesized by copercipitation method in molar ratio Zn/Al 3:1.The prepared layered double hydroxide were characterized by Fourer-transform infrared spectra (FTIR), X-ray diffraction (XRD)and Atomic force microscope (AFM).The synthesized layered double hydroxides were used to study the adsorption of nitrate anion (NO3
−) from water The influence of some parameters on nitrate adsorption, including PH, temperature and adsorption of kinetics. The results showed that the adsorption of nitrate anion (NO3
−) on the surface of the layers (Zn/Al-LDH) increases by increasing the temperature but decreases by increasing the pH and the adsorption of isotherm is following the frindlch equation. The adsorption of kinetics were subjected to modified first grad false the lagergren equation. The thermodynamic parameters, such as (ΔHad, ΔGad ΔSad) clarified that the adsorption on the Zn/Al-LDH is endothermic and spontaneous.
Procaine as a New Coupling Agent for the Spectrophotometric Determination of Fibrates by Diazotization Coupling Reaction
Authors: Kahlol Mohammed K. , Mashkoor Muthana S. 
Published: August 2019

Abstract
A sensitive, selective, rapid, simple and accurate of the spectrophotometry determination of fibrates in bulk and in dosage forms. This method depend on diazotization of primary amine group of procaine hydrochloric acid with sodium nitrate and hydrochloric acid followed by coupling with fibrates in aqueous mildly acidic medium to form azo dye stable orange - yellow. Showed obeyed beers law between 0.2-14 ppm, with molar absorptivity 3.01∗104L.mole−1.cm−1at 385nm. Sandells sensitivity 0.006mg.cm-1, limit of detection (LOD) 0.018ppm and limit of quantitication (LOQ) 0.058 ppm. This method has been successfully applied to determination of fibrates in bulk and in pharmaceutical preparation, tablet with a good recoveries 99.63-100.25 %
Synthesis of polylactic acid using Zn powder under microwave irradiation
Authors: Alwan Aseel F. , khalaf Hussein I. 
Published: August 2019

Abstract
The research involves synthesis of polylactic acid using an available and low cost catalyst (Zn) using microwave irradiation, the synthesized polymer was characterized using FTIR, H1NMR while the molecular weight was calculated using Mark-Hauwink equation, the molecular weight was 12.388 with high purity. This method consumed time compared with traditional methods.
Synthesis a novel Schiff base and Chalcone derivatives compounds and using as flame retardant for unsaturated polyester and epoxy resins
Authors: Jawad Sabrean F. , Adnan Bahjat Shaimaá , AL-Baiati Mohammed N. 
Published: August 2019

Abstract
In this work, seven additives were used to reduced the flammability, namely:(1- (4-hydroxy-3-methoxyphenyl)-3-(2-hydroxy-5-(6-nitrobenzothiazoldiazenyl)phenyl)pr op-2-en-1-one)(Add. I),(3-(2-hydroxy-5-(6-nitrobenzothiazoldiazenyl)phenyl)-1-(4-hydroxyphenyl)prop-2-en-1-one)(Add. II),3-(2-hydroxy-5-(6-nitrobenzohiazoldiaze nyl) phenyl)-1-(4-methoxyphenyl)prop-2-en-1-one(Add. III), 2-((2-hydroxy-4-methyl phenyl)imino)methyl)-4-(6-nitrobenzothiazoldiazenyl)phenol(Add. IV),2-(6-methyl pyridin-2-yl)imino)methyl)-4-(6-nitrobenzothiazoldiazenyl)phenol(Add. V) and 2-(4-chlo rophenyl)imino)methyl)-4-(6-nitrobenzothiazol-2-yl)diazenyl)phenol (Add. VI).
The effects of these additives on flammability of some types of the thermosetting polymers (unsaturated polyester and epoxy resins), have been studied. Sheets of the specimens (resins with different weight percentages of additives), in dimensions (150×150×3) mm were prepared. Two standard test methods used to measure the flame retardation which are: (ASTM: D-2863) and (ASTM: D-635).
Results are obtained from these tests indicated that, additive (Add. VI) has high efficiency as flame retardant, self–extinguishing (S.E.) at the percentage (0.1 %) for unsaturated polyester and the epoxy resins. Also self extinguishing (S.E.) at the percentage (0.1%) for additives (Add. I), (Add. IV) and (Add. V), in unsaturated polyester resin and non-burning occurs in (0.15%) with Additive (Add.VI) and (Add. V) in unsaturated polyester resin but it is occur in (0.2%) with additives (Add. VI) and (Add. V) in epoxy resin.
Spectrophotometric Determination of Some Phenolic Compounds by Formation of Copper(II) Complexes
Authors: Abd-Alrassol Khawla Salman , Jasim Ekhlas Qanber 
Published: August 2019

Abstract
Simple and sensitive spectrophotometric method is described for the determination of phenolic compounds in both in pure form and in pharmaceutical preparations. The method is based on the formation of a new ligand from the reaction between 4-aminoantipyrine with phenolic compounds and then reacts with copper (II) to give a colored complex at room temperature. The maximum absorbance of the prepared complexes were measured at 450,500 and 480 nm for pyridoxine, resorcinol and phloroglucinol complexes respectively. Beer’s law was obeyed in the concentration range of 1.5-20, 2.530 and 2.0-25 μg/ml-1, the molar absorptivity values are 2.4778 x 104,1.6740x104 and 1.7001 x 104 L mol−1cm−1, the Sandal sensitivity values are 0.0501x10−3,0.1740x10−3and 0.1228x10−3μg cm−2 for Pyridoxine, resorcinol and phloroglucinol complexes respectively. The correlation coefficients were 0.9999, 0.9998 and 0.9999, the limits of detection(LOD) were 0.47793, 0.15125 and 0.01434μg ml−1, the limits of quantification were (LOQ) 1.4482, 0.45833 and 0.04347 for pyridoxine, resorcinol and phloroglucinol complexes respectively. The stoichiometry of the complexes formed (1:2) was determined by Job’s continuous variations method and molar ratio method. Furthermore the stability constant (K) and Gibbs free energy ΔG) for the complexes were also calculated. The proposed methods were applied successfully for the determination of phenolic compounds in commercial tablets.
Synthesis and Characterization of Nickel, Palladium, Platinum and Cupper with New Oxazipine Ring
Authors: Abdulameer Jihan Hameed , Abbas Sawsan Khudhair , Mosa Mosa Jaafar 
Published: August 2019

Abstract
Via cycloaddition reaction new seven membered Oxazipine ring was prepared by reaction of Schiff base with phthalic anhydride. Then we use the Oxazipine ring as ligand in this research and complexation with four transition metals Nickel, Palladium, Platinum and Cupper. Many techniques were used to identify the produced compound such as Melting Point, FT-IR, 1H NMR and UV-Vis. Finally and by evidences we conclude the geometry and hybridization of all prepared complexes.
Study of Physical Properties and Sensitivity of Mercury Doped ZnO Thin Films
Authors: Jabbar Rashid Hashim , Hilal Israa Hadi , Ali Huda J. 
Published: August 2019

Abstract

Mercury doped zinc oxide (ZnO:Hg) thin films deposited on glass substrate at 400 °C, prepared by Chemical Spry Pyrolysis (CSP) technique for (3,6, and 9)% doping concentrations, structural properties has been measured by X-Ray Diffraction (XRD) which reveals the structure of (ZnO:Hg) thin films have been found the hexagonal wurtzite structure, crystallite size increases for ZnO:Hg(3%) then decreases with the increase of doping concentration. Atomic Force Microscope (AFM) used to measure granularity distribution, roughness and grain size. Increase of mercury doping leads to increasing of sensitivity for CO2 gas.
Structural Properties of (ZnO- CuO) Doped Fe Thin Films
Authors: Ali Huda J. , Latif L. A. , Fadhel Husham M. 
Published: August 2019

Abstract
(ZnO-CuO)1-x:Fex (x=6,8 and 10%) the thin films (for the same percentage of ZnO-CuO) were deposited on a glass substrate at 300 °C by Chemical Spray Pyrolysis(CSP) technique. X-ray diffraction (XRD) shows that the increasing of Fe leads to decrease the crystalline size. Energy gap values of the doped thin films are larger than undoped thin films. These values are increase with increase of weight ratio doping. The range of energy gap values was within the range (2.6-3.15) eV. The morphological surfaces properties have been studied using Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM) which reveals a homogeneous flowers structure of the films.
Investigation study the ability of superhydrophobic silica to adsorb the Iraqi crude oil leaked in water
Authors: Al-sharuee Israa F. , Mohammed Fatin Hameed 
Published: August 2019

Abstract
A superhydrophobic silica has been utilized as adsorbed the Crude oil leaked during transport in the water of the Iraqi rivers, the capacity absorbing of the aerogel powder for crude oil has been determined. This technique is very important to get rid of environmental pollution caused by the leakage of crude oil in water, which in turn cause death of living beings, this application is an important economic wealth in the country, preliminary tests on water of rivers mixed with the crude oil, by using the aerogel in powder form to clean the water from crude oil, the study depended on two parameters are surface area and contact angle. We found that the increase on surface area lead to increasing on the capacity of adsorbing the crude oil from water, also this result with contact angle.
Modelling vision angles of optical camera zoom using image processing algorithm
Authors: Abbas Heba Kh. , Mohamad Haidar J. , Al-Saleh Anwar H. , Al-Zuky Ali A. 
Published: August 2019

Abstract
A challenge of adding a new feature to the optical properties of a camera is solved in this paper. Image processing gives the possibility to enhance the quality, resolution and details of images fast these days. Within this paper, the introduced algorithm used to determine the vision angles (horizontal and vertical) of a digital camera (Nikon). The quality and efficiency of the camera are evaluated using determine the spatial resolution of the captured images. A scale factor algorithm is used also in this paper. A mathematical model introduced to describe the camera angle vision. This model works with different zoom degrees and different camera-object distances. Thus, a general mathematical equation obtained which describes the real image. The comparisons between the real and resulted images give a strong matching with small error rate.
Improved calculation of fusion barrier distribution
Authors: Najim Adil J , Majeed Fouad A , Al-Attiyah Khalid H 
Published: August 2019

Abstract
The fusion barrier distribution (Dfus) for the systems 16O+144Sm and 16O+208Pb systems had been analyzed in this work to test the benefit of using second derivative of Wong’s formula for fusion cross section to extract Dfus from experimental data. The calculated Dfususing Wong’s formula compared with the result of three-point difference formula, which is the usual method for extract Dfus from experimental cross section. The results showed that this method generated the fusion barrier distribution for both systems in an acceptable approach with respect to the relative position of distribution peaks when it is compared with the theoretical calculations and three-point difference formula.
Approximations of Minimum Approach Distance in Electron Mirroring Phenomena
Authors: Al-Obaidi Hassan N. , Khaleel Imad H. , Mahdi Ali S. 
Published: August 2019

AbstractThe minimum approaches distance of probing electrons in scanning electron microscope has investigated in accordance to mirror effect phenomenon. The analytical expression for such distance is decomposed using the binomial expansion. With aid of resulted expansion, the distribution of trapped electrons within the sample surface has explored. Results have shown that trapped electron distributes with various forms rather an individual one. The domination of any shape is mainly depend on the minimum approaches distance of probing electrons
Study of Sr hexaferrite prepared by ceramic method within x-band waves
Authors: Hadi A F 
Published: August 2019

Abstract
Strontium hexaferrite bulk samples ( SrFe12O19 ) were prepared via ceramic method with the dimensions of { diameter ( D = 3 cm ) and thickness ( t = 2.5 mm )}, and investigated using the vector network analyzer within X-Band waves (frequency bandwidth ( 8-12 ) GHz). Three samples have been sintered from this type of ferrite with three temperatures ( 1000, 1050, 1100 ) °C. The samples which were sintered with 1050°C and 1100°C having best absorption from the other samples, because the ferrite is not completely formed in this temperature and the ferrite was passed with different phases led to the absorption of the microwave. The results of X-ray diffraction ( XRD ) showed compatibility with standard results except for some secondary phases with the ferrite samples.
Investigating the feasibility and reliability of the Pictorial Fit-Frail Scale
Authors: McGarrigle Lisa , Squires Emma , Wallace Lindsay M K , Godin Judith , Gorman Mary , Rockwood Kenneth , Theou Olga 
Published: August 2019

Abstract

Background
the Pictorial Fit-Frail Scale (PFFS) was designed as a simple and practical approach to the identification of frailty.

Objectives
To investigate the feasibility and reliability of this visual image-based tool, when used by patients, caregivers and healthcare professionals (HCPs) in clinical settings.

Design
observational study.

Setting
three outpatient geriatric healthcare settings.

Subjects
patients (n = 132), caregivers (n = 84), clinic nurses (n = 7) and physicians (n = 10).

Methods
the PFFS was administered to all patients. Where available, HCPs and caregivers completed the scale based on the patients’ health. In the geriatric day hospital, the PFFS was completed on admission and administered again within 7–14 days. Time and level of assistance needed to complete the scale were recorded. Intraclass correlation coefficients (ICCs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were used to assess test−retest and inter-rater reliability.

Results
mean time to complete the scale (minutes:seconds ± SD) was 4:30 ± 1:54 for patients, 3:13 ± 1:34 for caregivers, 1:28 ± 0:57 for nurses and 1:32 ± 1:40 for physicians. Most patients were able to complete the scale unassisted (64%). Mean patient PFFS score was 11.1 ± 5.3, mean caregiver score was 13.2 ± 6.3, mean nurse score was 10.7 ± 4.5 and mean physician score was 11.1 ± 5.6; caregiver scores were significantly higher than patient (P < 0.01), nurse (P < 0.001) and physician (P < 0.01) scores. Test−retest reliability was good for patients (ICC = 0.78, [95%CI = 0.67–0.86]) and nurses (ICC = 0.88 [0.80–0.93]). Inter-rater reliability between HCPs was also good (ICC = 0.75 [0.63–0.83]).

Conclusion
the PFFS is a feasible and reliable tool for use with patients, caregivers and HCPs in clinical settings. Further research on the validity and responsiveness of the tool is necessary.