bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Gas-Liquid Flow in an Upward Inclined Large Diameter Pipe Under Elevated Pressures
Authors: Soedarmo Auzan Abirama , Pereyra Eduardo , Sarica Cem 
Published: April 2019

Abstract
This paper presents a unique gas-liquid experimental dataset acquired at large-diameter laboratory multiphase loop under elevated pressures. The dataset and corresponding model validations are useful to upscale available multiphase flow knowledge into large-diameter-high-pressure conditions commonly encountered in offshore facilities.
Intermittent (slug and pseudo-slug) and segregated (stratified and annular) flow patterns were observed in the experiments. For given superficial liquid Froude number (FrSL), all flow pattern transitions scale with superficial gas Froude number (FrSG) within the experimental range, capturing the effects of pressure (gas density). The change in pressure gradient and liquid holdup across the intermittent to segregated transition is more pronounced at low vSL.
In segregated flow, the pressure gradient (-dp/dL) increases with pressure and vSL. However, these effects are less noticeable in intermittent flow. In intermittent flow, -dp/dL is generally gravity dominated but may become friction dominated as vSL increases, owing to absence of film reversal. For given vSL, -dp/dL scales with FrSG. The relationship between dimensionless -dp/dL (P*) and Lockhart-Martinelli parameter (X*) scales the effects of pressure and vSL for segregated flow. Liquid holdup was observed to decrease with pressure and increase with vSL. As pressure increases, density difference between phases decreases and interfacial friction increases, thereby reducing slippage and holdup (HL).
Two state-of-the-art models exhibit similar bias tendency. In the intermittent region the inaccuracy of -dp/dL and HL predictions increase with vSG, i.e.: deeper into pseudo-slug region. This error is larger at low vSL. For segregated flow, the models tend to underpredict -dp/dL as vSG increases. The magnitude of this error is larger at high vSL.
This paper addresses the limitation of large-diameter-high-pressure data in multiphase flow literature. The presented data, scaling approaches, and model validation results are critical for model improvement. For practicing engineers, they can be used as an upscaled benchmark/practical guidance to design multiphase flow pipelines.
PISA Design Methods for Offshore Wind Turbine Monopiles
Authors: Byrne Byron W. , Burd Harvey J. , Zdravkovic Lidija , Abadie Christelle N. , Houlsby Guy T. , Jardine Richard J. , Martin Chris M. , McAdam Ross A. , Pacheco Andrade Miguel , Pedro Antonio M.G. , Potts David M. , Taborda David M.G. 
Published: April 2019

Abstract
This paper provides an overview of the PISA design model recently developed for laterally loaded offshore wind turbine monopiles through a major European joint-industry academic research project, the PISA Project. The focus was on large diameter, relatively rigid piles, with low length to diameter (L/D) ratios, embedded in clay soils of different strength characteristics, sand soils of different densities and in layered soils combining clays and sands. The resulting design model introduces new procedures for site specific calibration of soil reaction curves that can be applied within a one-dimensional (1D), Winkler-type, computational model. This paper summarises the results and key conclusions from PISA, including design methods for (a) stiff glacial clay till (Cowden till), (b) brittle stiff plastic clay (London clay), (c) soft clay (Bothkennar clay), (d) sand of varying densities (Dunkirk), and, (e) layered profiles (combining soils from (a) to (d)). The results indicate that the homogeneous soil reaction curves applied appropriately for layered profiles in the 1D PISA design model provide a very good fit to the three-dimensional finite element (3D FE) calculations, particularly for profiles relevant to current European offshore wind farm sites. Only a small number of cases, involving soft clay, very dense sand and L/D = 2 monopiles, would appear to require more detailed and bespoke analysis.
Three Successful Black Oil Foamer Applications in Deepwater GoM
Authors: Outlaw James , Guliuzo Randy , Lehrer Scott , Barney Bob 
Published: April 2019

Abstract
Deepwater Gulf of Mexico wells that exhibit liquid loading and subsea flowlines that suffer fluid slugging are both common issues that have historically been difficult to mitigate without expensive hardware changes or deferral of production. A novel black oil foamer (BOF) chemical technology has shown to be able to mitigate liquid loading, increase production, and reduce fluid slugging in both dry tree wells, subsea wells, and subsea flowlines.
This presentation will detail three example cases where the black oil foamer technology was utilized successfully. For the first example case, liquid loading was the primary issue leading to shortened production time between shut-ins, causing slugging, and reduced overall production rates. For the second example, significant slugging was experienced in an 18-mile subsea tieback to the point that the field would be shut in for topside vessel level controller issues. The final case trialed different well lineups that would historically cause severe slugging in an 11 mile subsea tieback.
In the first example, the benefits of using the black oil foamer included increased oil production and greatly improved well uptime, as well as significantly reducing slugging. The benefits demonstrated in the second and third examples were a significant reduction in slugging, allowing the field to operate with minimal shut-in risk and reducing equipment damage.
Novel & Additive Information
All three examples have proven the concept of using the black oil foamer chemistry to manage liquid loading and slugging risks in deepwater applications in an economically advantageous way.
Gas Hydrate Production Testing – Knowledge Gained
Authors: Collett Timothy Scott 
Published: April 2019

Abstract
Since their initial discovery in the 1960’s, gas hydrates have been considered to be an important potential source of unconventional natural gas. Significant progress has been made relative to our understanding of the geologic and engineering controls on the ultimate energy potential of gas hydrate; however, more work is required to realize the promise of gas hydrates as a future energy source. Gas hydrates have been encountered, recovered or inferred to exist in numerous sedimentary basins in Arctic permafrost settings, regions of alpine permafrost, marine sediments of outer continental margins and in deep lakes. Despite the great abundance of potential gas hydrate resources in the world, a large portion of these resources reside in clay-rich sediments and fracture dominated reservoir systems, and are not generally considered producible with existing technology, but may have future potential with the emergence of new technologies. For a large portion of the world, gas hydrate in sand reservoirs have become a viable production target and the focus of the first production testing efforts.
Production tests in Arctic Canada (Mackenzie Delta) and Alaska have shown that gas can be produced from highly-concentrated gas hydrate accumulations in coarse-grained (i.e., sand rich) reservoir systems with conventional production technologies. Production can be achieved through the depressurization method and by more complex methods such as molecular substitution (e.g., CO2-CH4 exchange). In 2013, the gas hydrate production test was conducted in a marine setting in the offshore of Japan. An additional test was conducted in Japan in 2017 to further evaluate alternative well completion technologies. Also in 2018, China initiated a 60-day gas hydrate production test in the Shenhu region of the South China Sea.
This report reviews the results of gas hydrate engineering and production testing studies associated with the Mallik, Mount Elbert, and Iġnik Sikumi projects in northern Canada and Alaska. The results of the marine gas hydrate producing testing efforts in the Nankai Trough (Japan) and in the South China Sea (China) are also summarized.
Applied Optimal Reservoir Management: A Field Case Experience in Campos Basin
Authors: Oliveira Diego Felipe Barbosa de , Pereira Diogo Ferreira Alves , Silveira Gustavo Echenique , Melo Pedro Andrade Lima Sá de 
Published: April 2019

Reservoir management in offshore fields is a challenging task, particularly for mature fields because of a typical excessive production of water and/or gas. Due to several constraints on facilities capacity, assisted reservoir management process can deliver solutions to operate properly offshore fields, seeking for increasing oil production with better assessment of water and gas production and injection. Optimal Reservoir Management (ORM) can be applied aiming to maximize reservoir performance and to deliver well controls applicable to field operations. In this work, we implemented an assisted optimization procedure to maximize overall oil production for a field offshore Brazil in Campos Basin.
We applied our ORM technique in an important field offshore Brazil, where cumulative oil production is maximized by optimally controlling water rates through injecting wells. Injection rates can vary in time, honoring operational requirements of smoothness. Geomechanical limits on injection pressures are considered to avoid loss of rock integrity and platform constraints on overall production and injection are imposed all times. Our approach deals with reservoir uncertainties described within a large set of calibrated simulation models to decide on optimal injection rates, taking into account possible risks.
The model-based ORM under uncertainty that we developed has shown gains in total oil production over 20 years of operation up to 7.2% with respect to the base strategy currently applied. On average, results show an increase around 4% in oil production, with concomitant reduction in total water production and in the overall water injection.
A pilot test in the actual field has been implemented to verify the consistency between modeling and reality (data observation), in order to guarantee that the gains forecasted by our study are feasible. We have chosen an area in the field to proceed an optimal injection control pilot, aiming to check the quality of the uncertain models in comparison with the observed data in practice. The pilot area has been selected based on aspects related with geological description, connectivity expected in the reservoir and operational constraints. The results of 8 months of pilot show clear coherence between models and reality within the uncertainty range expected to the reservoir of interest.
To the best of our knowledge, it is the first time that an offshore field is actually operated based on a set of controls obtained by an assisted optimal reservoir management procedure, although it was performed still in a pilot scale. Results suggest robust benefits under reservoir uncertainties consideration and large-scale application shall take place soon, but it is out of the scope of this work. The pilot provided more confidence on field applications, leading to broader perspective for full-field implementations.
Sex Differences on Vestibular and Ocular Motor Assessment in Youth Athletes
Authors: Moran Ryan N. , Covassin Tracey , Elbin R. J. 
Published: April 2019

ContextThe Vestibular/Ocular Motor Screening (VOMS) is a newly developed measure that evaluates vestibular and ocular motor symptom provocation after sport-related concussion. The effects of sex on baseline VOMS scores in youth athletes have not been established.ObjectiveTo examine sex differences on baseline VOMS assessment among youth athletes.ResultsNo sex differences were demonstrated between male and female youth athletes on individual VOMS items (P range = .07–.98). Female sex was not associated with increased odds for VOMS scores over clinical-cutoff levels (range: odds ratio = 0.64; 95% confidence interval = 0.35, 1.15; P = .13; odds ratio = 0.91; 95% confidence interval = 0.48, 1.71; P = .77).ConclusionsNo sex differences were present on baseline VOMS scores in youth athletes, nor was sex a risk factor for an abnormal VOMS score. These findings highlight the need for continual baseline and postconcussion assessments using multifaceted assessment strategies.
Conceptualising and measuring employee engagement as a role-related, multi-level construct
Authors: Joubert Marius , Roodt Gert 
Published: April 2019

Orientation: Based on different roles that managers occupy at different levels in organisations the question often arises: ‘how will these multiple roles and levels affect their engagement?’Research purpose: This study aimed to establish if employee engagement is a multi-level construct based on the multiple roles that individuals occupy in organisations.Motivation for the study: Several engaging management practices on different organisational levels were identified that either engage or disengage employees that are not being considered in the current mono-level, mono-role engagement models.Research design, approach and method: This quantitative study is based on a cross-sectional survey conducted amongst 1750 individuals with managerial responsibilities in three different organisations. About 610 participants attempted to complete the survey, but only 425 fully completed responses could be used for final statistical analysis.Main findings: Four different structural models were confirmed in the study. The first three confirmed different pull and push factors for individual, team and management engagement. The fourth model established that all three engagement constructs contribute to an engaging climate in organisations without any significant collinearity between the three engagement constructs.Practical/managerial implications: The empirical evidence confirms unique sets of pull and push factors on individual, team and managerial levels. Human resource practitioners should, therefore, take note of which factors promote employee engagement on each level.Contribution/value-add: The study confirms that employee engagement can be viewed as a multi-role, multi-level construct where significant spillover and/or crossover effects between different levels and roles are possible.
A defence of identity for persons with disability: Reflections from religion and philosophy versus ancient African culture
Authors: Ojok Patrick , Musenze Junior B. 
Published: April 2019

Background: Religion and philosophy follow the Hegelian dialectic, man as thesis, evil as antithesis and ideal man or God the final synthesis, locking out persons with disability stating that they don’t meet the criteria of being human persons. In contrast, persons with disability were accepted in ancient Africa and their disorder was not shown as a physical handicap.Objectives: The objective of this article was to critically examine how disability is constructed in philosophy and religion in comparison with African culture, in the shaping of disability identity as a form of humanity.Method: This article undertook a document review of both grey and peer reviewed literature. The papers reviewed were identified and screened for relevance, then analysed with the aim of comparing the portrayal of disability in philosophy, religion and ancient Africa.Results: Our analysis revealed that African cultures revered the disability identity, as opposed to philosophy and religion that portrayed it as abnormal. A person with disability was accepted in ancient Africa and given a visible role in society suggesting their integration in daily life activities while their disability was believed to be a blessing from the gods.Conclusion: Religion and philosophy have incredibly alienated persons with disabilities with linguistic and derogative identities. Whereas African spiritualism inherently glorified and/or approved disability, in today’s Africa, persons with disability are increasingly objectified and abused because of ignorance and harsh economic conditions. Nevertheless, the contemporary mistreatment of people with disabilities (PWDs) does not reflect a true African culture but is a symptom and a consequence of the material and economic injustice that PWDs encounter.
Cenários de pesquisa com e sobre crianças, mídia, imagens e corporeidade
Authors: Fantin Monica , Girardello Gilka Elvira Ponzi 
Published: April 2019

Ao pensar a relação entre mídia, imagens e corporeidades na pesquisa com e sobre crianças, o texto discute alguns cenários e práticas culturais das infâncias contemporâneas a partir do olhar da educação. Apresenta-se os fundamentos teórico-metodológicos que têm orientado investigações desenvolvidas num grupo de pesquisa brasileiro nos últimos quatro anos, em sintonia com abordagens presentes em outros contextos nacionais e internacionais. Numa compreensão de pesquisa como espaço de reflexão crítica e instância pedagógica, as investigações escolhidas para compor o recorte do artigo entrelaçam os temas mídia, imagem e corporeidade com a atenção aos direitos das crianças, à ludicidade, às autorias infantis e aos desafios das práticas culturais na cultura digital. Entre tais desafios, destaca-se a necessidade de considerar a escuta às vozes, aos silêncios e às performances das crianças como forma privilegiada para construir metodologias participativas. Sinaliza-se também a importância de desconstruir certas retóricas redutoras presentes no debate social e dar visibilidade à riqueza do já considerável corpo de pesquisas sobre imagem, mídia e corporeidade na infância. Por fim, o texto enfatiza o papel da articulação interdisciplinar entre pesquisadores que atuam com estes temas, de modo a fortalecer a pesquisa voltada a qualificar a mediação educativa diante das mudanças culturais contemporâneas.
The Material Culture of Tableware
Authors: Zarucchi Jeanne Morgan 
Published: April 2019

The Material Culture of Tableware is a fascinating and authoritative study of patterned tableware in the US. There were many companies producing thousands of patterns of tableware in the 19th and 20th centuries, but British companies in general and Johnson Brothers of Stoke-on-Trent in particular were especially successful. Johnson Brothers were the primary exporter of British-made tableware to the American market until the 1960s, and their designs were often emulated by other firms. Their buyers included such major US retailers as Macy’s.
The book undertakes a visual analysis of Johnson Brothers patterns of tableware pottery, with reference to comparable designs by other British companies, such as Spode and Adams. It examines how this practical genre reflected the aesthetic values, sense of identity and aspirations of the American consumers who purchased its products. The study also sheds light on British opinions and understandings of American culture.
The book’s chronological organisation shows how tableware designs reflected the cultural developments of American society during the long 20th century. From status-seeking 1890s beaux-arts patterns and the nostalgic historical scenes of the 1930s, to whimsical 1960s patterns and the contemporary motifs of the 1970s, The Material Culture of Tableware tells a compelling story about who 20th century middle-class Americans were and wanted to be.
The Sports Shoe
Authors: Turner Thomas 
Published: April 2019

The story of the sneaker's rise from the first Victorian tennis shoes to the Nike Air Max and beyond
Moving from the athletic field to the shopping mall, Thomas Turner tells a fresh story of the evolution of the sports shoe against the changing landscape of society, sport, fashion, industry, and technology. The Sports Shoe takes us on a journey from the first Victorian tennis shoes to the adidas Superstar and the innovative technologies of Nike Air Max. Featuring newly uncovered archival material and historic images showcasing key personalities, vintage marketing and common perceptions of this hugely desirable product, this book is a must-have for any sneaker collector, historian of popular culture, or anyone interested in the place of athletic footwear in our lives today.
Norman Bel Geddes
Authors: Maffei Nicolas P. 
Published: April 2019

Norman Bel Geddes has long been considered the ‘founder’ of American industrial design. During his long career he worked on everything from theatre design, world fairs and cars to houses and product and packaging design.
Nicolas P. Maffei’s magisterial biography draws on original material from the archive at the Harry Ransom Center, University of Texas at Austin, and places Bel Geddes’ work within the fast-changing cultural and intellectual contexts of his time. Maffei shows how Bel Geddes’ futuristic but pragmatic style – his notion of ‘practical vision’ – was central to his work, and highly influential on the professional practice of American industrial design in general.
FRESCO-B: a fast cloud retrieval algorithm using oxygen B-band measurements from GOME-2
Authors: Desmons Marine , Wang Ping , Stammes Piet , Tilstra L. Gijsbert 
Published: April 2019

Abstract. The FRESCO (Fast Retrieval Scheme for Clouds from the Oxygen A band)
algorithm is a simple, fast and robust algorithm used to retrieve cloud
information in operational satellite data processing. It has been applied to
GOME-1 (Global Ozone Monitoring Experiment), SCIAMACHY (Scanning Imaging
Absorption Spectrometer for Atmospheric Chartography), GOME-2 and more
recently to TROPOMI (Tropospheric Monitoring Instrument). FRESCO retrieves
effective cloud fraction and cloud pressure from measurements in the oxygen A
band around 761 nm. In this paper, we propose a new version of the
algorithm, called FRESCO-B, which is based on measurements in the oxygen B
band around 687 nm. Such a method is interesting for vegetated
surfaces where the surface albedo is much lower in the B band than in the A
band, which limits the ground contribution to the top-of-atmosphere
reflectances. In this study we first perform retrieval simulations. These
show that the retrieved cloud pressures from FRESCO-B and FRESCO differ only
between −10 and +10 hPa, except for high, thin clouds over
vegetation where the difference is larger (about +15 to +30 hPa),
with FRESCO-B yielding higher pressure. Next, inter-comparison between
FRESCO-B and FRESCO retrievals over 1 month of GOME-2B data reveals that the
effective cloud fractions retrieved in the O2 A and B bands are
very similar (mean difference of 0.003), while the cloud pressures show a
mean difference of 11.5 hPa, with FRESCO-B retrieving higher
pressures than FRESCO. This agrees with the simulations and is partly due to
deeper photon penetrations of the O2 B band in clouds compared to
the O2 A-band photons and partly due to the surface albedo bias in
FRESCO. Finally, validation with ground-based measurements shows that the
FRESCO-B cloud pressure represents an altitude within the cloud boundaries
for clouds that are not too far from the Lambertian reflector model, which
occurs in about 50 % of the cases.
“Can We Imagine a World Without Funds or Banks?” Abderrahmane Sissako's Bamako as African-Utopian Speculative Fiction
Authors: O'Connell Hugh Charles 
Published: April 2019

ABSTRACT
This article reconsiders Abderrahmane Sissako's 2006 film Bamako as a formal example of sf predicated upon an African-utopian impulse that intervenes in the political closure of capitalist realism and the ontology of debt perpetuated by structural adjustment programs. Due to the radically unlikely events of the film's narrative, in which international financial institutions can be put on trial by ordinary citizens, this article argues that Bamako is best understood as an sf “alternate cosmology” narrative. Moreover, given the pseudo-utopian ideologies of neoliberal and neo-imperial enterprises, this article examines how Bamako operates as the preconceptual figuration of African-utopianism itself. To do so, it first raises a pseudo-African-utopianism in order to negate it and point the way toward the structurally unenunciable, inconceivable content of a radical African-utopianism. As such, Bamako needs to be read as both a desire for and a preconceptual harbinger of African-utopianism and situated alongside the rise of African sf more broadly.