bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Advanced Photosensitizer Activation Strategies for Smarter Photodynamic Therapy Beacons
Authors: Luby Benjamin M. , Walsh Connor D. , Zheng Gang 
Published: June 2018

AbstractPhotodynamic therapy (PDT) is a clinical treatment in which a light‐absorbing drug called a photosensitizer (PS) is combined with light and molecular oxygen to generate cytotoxic singlet oxygen. PDT provides additional tissue selectivity compared to conventional chemotherapy as singlet oxygen is generated only in areas in which PS accumulates and that are simultaneously illuminated by a light source with sufficient irradiance and dose. Early PDT beacons built on this concept by adding an analyte‐responsive element that simultaneously turns on PDT and fluorescence, providing both an additional layer of selectivity and real‐time feedback of the PS′s activation state. More recent PDT beacons have expanded this idea, with new methods now available for sensing analytes, generating singlet oxygen, and reporting treatment status. In this Minireview, we consider developments in advanced activation strategies implemented in therapeutic and theranostic beacons.
Elektrisches Feld als “smarter” Ligandenersatz zur kontrollierten thermischen Aktivierung von Methan und molekularem Wasserstoff
Authors: Yue Lei , Wang Na , Zhou Shaodong , Sun Xiaoyan , Schlangen Maria , Schwarz Helmut 
Published: June 2018

AbstractReines [TaO2]+ verhält sich in den thermischen Reaktionen mit Methan und mit molekularem Wasserstoff ziemlich inert, wird aber reaktiv gegenüber diesen Substraten, wenn es einen geschlossenschaligen Liganden wie CO2 trägt. Obwohl die Gegenwart von CO2 die intrinsischen Barrieren der C‐H‐ und H‐H‐Bindungsaktivierungen zunächst erhöht, wird die Effizienz der Gesamtreaktion unter Erzeugung der Insertionsprodukte [Ta(R)(OH)O]+ (R=CH3, H) wegen der vorteilhaften Eigenschaft von CO2 als Abgangsgruppe erheblich verbessert. Der Ligandeneffekt von CO2 kann durch das elektrische Feld einer negativen Punktladung gut simuliert werden. Die mechanistischen Aspekte dieser Reaktionen wurden mit modernen quantenchemischen Rechnungen untersucht.
Solar Water Splitting with a Hydrogenase Integrated in Photoelectrochemical Tandem Cells
Authors: Nam Dong Heon , Zhang Jenny Z. , Andrei Virgil , Kornienko Nikolay , Heidary Nina , Wagner Andreas , Nakanishi Kenichi , Sokol Katarzyna P. , Slater Barnaby , Zebger Ingo , Hofmann Stephan , Fontecilla‐Camps Juan C. , Park Chan Beum , Reisner Erwin 
Published: June 2018

AbstractHydrogenases (H2ases) are benchmark electrocatalysts for H2 production, both in biology and (photo)catalysis in vitro. We report the tailoring of a p‐type Si photocathode for optimal loading and wiring of H2ase through the introduction of a hierarchical inverse opal (IO) TiO2 interlayer. This proton‐reducing Si|IO‐TiO2|H2ase photocathode is capable of driving overall water splitting in combination with a photoanode. We demonstrate unassisted (bias‐free) water splitting by wiring Si|IO‐TiO2|H2ase to a modified BiVO4 photoanode in a photoelectrochemical (PEC) cell during several hours of irradiation. Connecting the Si|IO‐TiO2|H2ase to a photosystem II (PSII) photoanode provides proof of concept for an engineered Z‐scheme that replaces the non‐complementary, natural light absorber photosystem I with a complementary abiotic silicon photocathode.
Chemoenzymatic Deracemization of Chiral Sulfoxides
Authors: Nosek Vladimír , Míšek Jiří 
Published: June 2018

AbstractThe highly enantioselective enzyme methionine sulfoxide reductase A was combined with an oxaziridine‐type oxidant in a biphasic setup for the deracemization of chiral sulfoxides. Remarkably, high ee values were observed with a wide range of substrates, thus providing a practical route for the synthesis of enantiomerically pure sulfoxides.
A native bird as a predator for the invasive apple snail, a novel rice field invader in Europe
Authors: Bertolero Albert , Navarro Joan 
Published: June 2018

Abstract

Since 2009 the apple snail Pomacea maculata has become a new invader of Oryza sativa (rice) fields and wetlands in Europe, only invading the Ebro Delta (north‐eastern Spain) thus far. It is considered a highly invasive and damaging species, resulting in large economic losses worldwide.
Despite the severe impact of the invasive apple snail on both cultivated and natural wetlands, it has become an abundant potential resource for native avian predators.
In this study, stable isotope analysis was used to assess the consumption of the apple snail by the glossy ibis Plegadis falcinellus in the Ebro Delta.
The results indicate the importance of the apple snail in the diet of this native bird. In particular, isotopic results indicated that apple snails and freshwater coleopterans were the main prey in the diet of glossy ibis chicks, accounting for 26–40% of their diet. Thus, this native bird species could potentially help in the biological control of this invasive snail, but is not expected to eradicate it.
Although the spread of this pest in rice fields and wetlands is not desirable, we predict that the apple snail will follow a path similar to other invasive species, such as the red swamp crayfish Procambarus clarkii, in establishing itself as part of the wetland food web.
Untersuchungen zum ganzjährigen Wärmeschutz an Varianten eines kombinierten Dachaufbaus mit Photovoltaik und Begrünung
Authors: Moren Maria Soledad Penaranda , Korjenic Azra 
Published: June 2018

AbstractBereits vor einem Jahrzehnt wurden Versuchsprojekte über mögliche Synergien der Kombination Photovoltaik (PV) und Dachbegrünung (Gründach) durchgeführt. Heute ist diese Kombination aufgrund ihrer Vorteile, wie z. B. Erhöhung der PV‐Erträge aufgrund der Kühlung durch die Pflanzen, uneingeschränkte Nutzung der Vorteile der Dachbegrünung und gute thermische Eigenschaften, gut bekannt. Alle bisherigen Untersuchungen an Kombinationen PV+Gründach in der Literatur konzentrieren sich auf den Bereich der PV‐Erträge, ‐Leistung und ‐Betriebstemperaturen. Im Rahmen des Forschungsprojektes „GrünPlusSchule@Ballungszentrum” in Wien wurden im Projektteil „PV+Grün” unterschiedliche Varianten der Kombination PV+Gründach und PV+Grünfassade untersucht. Dieser Aufsatz präsentiert die Ergebnisse der Temperaturmessungen an der Schnittstelle zwischen der Dachabdichtung und dem Substrat bei der Kombination PV+Gründach sowie an mehreren Stellen mit einem gewöhnlichen, extensiven Gründach (GD). Spannende Ergebnisse konnten festgestellt werden: das PV+Gründach‐System funktioniert als Wärmepuffer über das ganze Jahr hinweg.
Breaking Structural Energy Constraints: Hydrothermal Crystallization of High‐Silica Germanosilicates by a Building‐Unit Self‐Growth Approach
Authors: Peng Mingming , Jiang Jingang , Liu Xue , Ma Yue , Jiao Meichen , Xu Hao , Wu Haihong , He Mingyuan , Wu Peng 
Published: June 2018

AbstractZeolites, a class of crystalline microporous materials, have a wide range of practical applications, in particular serving as key catalysts in petrochemical and fine‐chemical processes. Millions of zeolite topologies are theoretically possible. However, to date, only 235 frameworks with various tetrahedral element compositions have been discovered in nature or artificially synthesized, among which approximately 50 topologies are available in pure‐silica forms. Germanosilicates are becoming an important zeolite family, with a rapidly increasing number of topological structures having unusual double four‐membered ring (D4R) building units and large‐pore or extra‐large‐pore systems. The synthesis of their high‐silica analogues with higher (hydro)thermal stability remains a great challenge, because the formation of siliceous D4R units is kinetically and thermodynamically unfavorable in hydrothermal systems. Herein, it is demonstrated that such D4R‐containing high‐silica zeolites with unexpected crystalline topologies (ECNU‐24‐RC and IM‐20‐RC) are readily constructed by a versatile route. This strategy provides new opportunities for the synthesis of high‐silica zeolite catalysts that are hardly obtainable by conventional hydrothermal synthesis and may also facilitate a breakthrough in increasing the number and types of zeolite materials with practical applications.
A New Photocage Derived from Fluorene
Authors: Reinfelds Matiss , von Cosel Jan , Falahati Konstantin , Hamerla Carsten , Slanina Tomáš , Burghardt Irene , Heckel Alexander 
Published: June 2018

AbstractPhotolabile protecting groups (PPGs or photocages) are increasingly subject to molecular design to meet requirements such as absorbance in the visible spectral range, high molar absorption coefficients, and high quantum yields of leaving group release. Improvements in these properties for the promising 3‐diethylaminobenzyl (DEAMb) photocage, the photoactivity of which is based on the Zimmerman meta effect, are reported. Expansion of the aromatic system with a second aromatic ring resulted in improved spectral properties. A systematic trend relating the electronic (π‐donor or acceptor) properties of the new aryl substituent and its position in the DEAMb ring to changes in the spectral properties could be observed. Conclusions from the experimental results were supported by computations obtained by using time‐dependent DFT. A second generation of DEAMb‐based photocages was designed. A rigid linker was introduced to ensure more efficient conjugation of the aromatic ring π systems by limiting rotational freedom. The resulting fluorenol (9‐hydroxyfluorene)‐based photocages had superior spectral properties to those of simple biphenyl systems. The best uncaging cross section achieved was 5320 m−1 cm−1 (ϵΦ365).
N,O‐Iminoboronates: Reversible Iminoboronates with Improved Stability for Cancer Cells Targeted Delivery
Authors: Lopes Ricardo M. R. M. , Ventura Ana E. , Silva Liana C. , Faustino Hélio , Gois Pedro M. P. 
Published: June 2018

AbstractHerein a new class of iminoboronates obtained from 2‐acetylbenzene boronic acids and aminophenols is presented. The N,O‐ligand topology enabled the formation of an additional B−O bond that locks the boron center in a tetrahedral geometry. This molecular arrangement decisively contributes to improve the construct′s stability in biocompatible conditions and retaining the iminoboronate reversibility in more acidic environments. 2‐Acetylbenzene boronic acid was reacted with a fluorescent amino‐coumarin to yield a stable and non‐fluorescent N,O‐iminoboronate. This mechanism was further used to assemble a folate receptor targeting conjugate that selectively delivered the fluorescent amino‐coumarin to MDA‐MB‐231 human breast cancer cells.
Long‐term psychological and educational outcomes for survivors of neuroblastoma: A report from the Childhood Cancer Survivor Study
Authors: Zheng Daniel J. , Krull Kevin R. , Chen Yan , Diller Lisa , Yasui Yutaka , Leisenring Wendy , Brouwers Pim , Howell Rebecca , Lai Jin‐Shei , Balsamo Lyn , Oeffinger Kevin C. , Robison Leslie L. , Armstrong Gregory T. , Kadan‐Lottick Nina S. 
Published: June 2018

BACKGROUNDNeuroblastoma survivors may be at elevated risk for psychological impairments because of their young age at diagnosis and neurotoxic treatment, but this is not well described.METHODSA total of 859 ≥5‐year survivors of neuroblastoma younger than 18 years (diagnosed in 1970‐1999), who had a median age at diagnosis of 0.8 years (range: 0.0‐7.3 years) and a median follow‐up of 13.3 years (range: 8.0‐17.9 years), were compared with 872 siblings of childhood cancer survivors who were younger than 18 years with the parent‐reported Behavior Problem Index (BPI) for psychological functioning. Age‐ and sex‐adjusted multivariate log‐binomial models were used to identify factors associated with impairment in BPI domains (scores worse than the sibling 10th percentile). The impact of psychological impairment on educational outcomes was examined among survivors.RESULTSCompared with siblings, neuroblastoma survivors had an increased prevalence of impairment in the domains of anxiety/depression (19% vs 14%; P = .003), headstrong behavior (19% vs 13%; P < .001), attention deficits (21% vs 13%; P < .001), peer conflict/social withdrawal (26% vs 17%; P < .001), and antisocial behavior (16% vs 12%; P = .01). Common treatment exposures (vincristine, cisplatin, and retinoic acid) were not associated with impairment. Having 2 or more chronic health conditions predicted impairment in 4 domains (P < .001). Specifically, pulmonary disease predicted impairment in all 5 domains (P ≤ .004). Endocrine disease (P ≤ .004) and peripheral neuropathy (P ≤ .02) each predicted impairment in 3 domains. Psychological impairment was associated with special education service usage and educational attainment less than college.CONCLUSIONSNeuroblastoma survivors are at elevated risk for psychological impairment, which is associated with special education service usage and lower adult educational attainment. Those with chronic health conditions may represent a high‐risk group for targeted screening and intervention. Cancer 2018. © 2018 American Cancer Society.
Sensitivity and specificity of phospho‐Ser129 α‐synuclein monoclonal antibodies
Authors: Delic Vedad , Chandra Sidhanth , Abdelmotilib Hisham , Maltbie Tyler , Wang Shijie , Kem Danielle , Scott Hunter J. , Underwood Rachel N. , Liu Zhiyong , Volpicelli‐Daley Laura A. , West Andrew B. 
Published: June 2018

Abstractα‐Synuclein (α‐syn) is an abundant presynaptic protein that is the primary constituent of inclusions that define Lewy body diseases (LBDs). In these inclusions, α‐syn is phosphorylated at the serine‐129 residue. Antibodies directed to this phosphorylation site are used to measure inclusion abundance and stage disease progression in preclinical models as well as in postmortem tissues in LBDs. While it is critical to reliably identify inclusions, phospho‐specific antibodies often cross‐react with nonspecific antigens. Four commercially available monoclonal antibodies, two from rabbits (clones EP1536Y and MJF‐R13) and two from mice (81a and pSyn#64), have been the most widely used in detecting pS129‐α‐syn inclusions. Here, we systematically evaluated these antibodies in brain sections and protein lysates from rats and mice. All antibodies detected pS129‐α‐syn inclusions in the brain that were induced by preformed α‐syn fibrils in wild‐type rats and mice. Antibody titrations revealed that clones EP1536Y and 81a comparably labeled inclusions in both the perikarya and neuronal processes in contrast to clones MJF‐R13 and pSyn#64 that incompletely labeled inclusions at various antibody concentrations. Except for EP1536Y, the clones produced nonspecific diffuse neuropil labeling in α‐syn knockout mice as well as mice and rats injected with monomeric α‐syn, with some nonspecific staining titrating with pS129‐α‐syn inclusions. By immunoblot, all the clones cross‐reacted with proteins other than α‐syn, warranting caution in interpretations of specificity. Clone EP1536Y uniquely and robustly detected endogenous pS129‐α‐syn in highly soluble protein fractions from the mouse brain. In summary, EP1536Y had the highest sensitivity and specificity for detecting pS129‐α‐syn.
c‐Fos marking of identified midbrain neurons coactive after nicotine administration in‐vivo
Authors: Baur Katja , Hach Arian , Bernardi Rick E. , Spanagel Rainer , Bading Hilmar , Bengtson C. Peter 
Published: June 2018

AbstractDespite the reduced life expectancy and staggering financial burden of medical treatment associated with tobacco smoking, the molecular, cellular, and ensemble adaptations associated with chronic nicotine consumption remain poorly understood. Complex circuitry interconnecting dopaminergic and cholinergic regions of the midbrain and mesopontine tegmentum are critical for nicotine associated reward. Yet our knowledge of the nicotine activation of these regions is incomplete, in part due to their cell type diversity. We performed double immunohistochemistry for the immediate early gene and surrogate activity sensor, c‐Fos, and markers for either cholinergic, dopaminergic or GABAergic cell types in mice treated with nicotine. Both acute (0.5 mg/kg) and chronic (0.5 mg/kg/day for 7 days) nicotine strongly activated GABAergic neurons of the interpeduncular nucleus and medial terminal nucleus of the accessory optic tract (MT). Acute but not chronic nicotine also activated small percentages of dopaminergic and other neurons in the ventral tegmental area (VTA) as well as noncholinergic neurons in the pedunculotegmental and laterodorsal tegmental nuclei (PTg/LDTg). Twenty four hours of nicotine withdrawal after chronic nicotine treatment suppressed c‐Fos activation in the MT. In comparison to nicotine, a single dose of cocaine caused a similar activation in the PTg/LDTg but not the VTA where GABAergic cells were strongly activated but dopaminergic neurons were not affected. These results indicate the existence of drug of abuse specific ensembles. The loss of ensemble activation in the VTA and PTg/LDTg after chronic nicotine represents a molecular and cellular tolerance which may have implications for the mechanisms underlying nicotine dependence.
Evidence for generative homology of cerebellum and cerebellum‐like structures in an elasmobranch fish based on Pax6, Cbln1 and Grid2 expression
Authors: Suriano Christos Michael , Bodznick David 
Published: June 2018

AbstractThe majority of neurons in the mammalian brain reside within the cerebellum (Cb). Yet, the evolutionary origins of the Cb are not well understood. There are several sensory nuclei present across vertebrate phylogeny collectively termed cerebellum‐like structures (CbLS) due to a shared anatomy and physiology with the Cb. Despite the similarities, the CbLS are clearly not phylogenetically homologous with the Cb. Common structure and function may arise due to a shared genetic and developmental toolkit. To examine this possibility, we used sequence analysis, western blotting, immunohistochemistry and RT‐qPCR to test for the expression of three genes that are critical for mammalian cerebellar development in the Cb and CbLS of an elasmobranch fish, Leucoraja erinacea. In the mammalian Cb, Pax6 is necessary for parallel fiber development, while Cbln1 and Grid2 code for proteins necessary for parallel fiber‐principal cell synaptogenesis. Pax6 and Cbln1 are expressed by granule cells in the Cb and CbLS of the adult skate and stage 31 embryo. Grid2 is expressed by principal cells in the Cb and CbLS of the adult and stage 31 embryo. RT‐qPCR showed this expression is spatially and temporally restricted to the Cb and CbLS. If Pax6, Cbln1 and Grid2 perform the same functions in the skate Cb and CbLS as they do in the mammalian Cb, then these structures may develop using a shared genetic toolkit and be considered generatively homologous. It is possible that the evolutionary genesis of the Cb was the result of duplication or expansion of the cerebellum‐like developmental toolkit.
Thermoviscosifying Smart Polymers for Oil and Gas Production: State of the Art
Authors: Su Xin , Feng Yujun 
Published: June 2018

AbstractWater‐soluble polymers have been extensively used in all sections of the oil and gas upstream industry, but their inherent thermothinning behaviour has limited their applications in harsh environments. To address this issue, thermoviscosifying (or “thermothickening”) polymers (TVPs) whose aqueous solution viscosity automatically increases upon increasing the temperature were introduced in the early 1990s. This review first recalls the background for developing such smart materials, followed by demonstrating the mechanism of thermothickening. Next, three major TVPs includingN‐alkyl substituted acrylamide copolymers, grafted polyethers, and cellulose derivatives are summarized with respect to their structure‐property relationship, then their practical trials or potential uses in oil and gas drilling fluids, cementing slurries, hydraulic fracturing, steam flooding, and enhanced oil recovery are discussed. Finally, the advantages and disadvantages of the current TVPs are commented and future prospects are discussed to close this review.
Synthesis and Structure–Property Relationships in Herbicidal Ionic Liquids and their Double Salts
Authors: Niemczak Michał , Rzemieniecki Tomasz , Biedziak Agnieszka , Marcinkowska Katarzyna , Pernak Juliusz 
Published: June 2018

AbstractIn this study, two homologous series of novel herbicidal ionic liquids (HILs) were synthesized in a simple metathesis reaction between alkyl[2‐(2‐hydroxyethoxy)ethyl]dimethylammonium bromides and alkali metal salts of 4‐chloro‐2‐methylphenoxyacetic acid (MCPA) or 3,6‐dichloro‐2‐methoxybenzoic acid (dicamba), known as popular herbicides from the class of growth regulators. These HILs were subsequently mixed to prepare double‐salt herbicidal ionic liquids (DSHILs). The DSHILs were characterized by substantially altered parameters of viscosity, refractive index, glass transition temperatures and surface activity compared to the average values expected for ideal mixtures of their individual components (HILs). Interestingly, DSHILs possessed superior physicochemical properties such as relatively low viscosity or facilitated formation of micelles, which emphasizes the complex nature of multi‐ion interactions in the microstructures of ionic liquid mixtures. The biological tests showed improved efficiency of DSHILs against tested weeds compared to the reference herbicides and parent HILs.
Channel modeling and analysis for multipolarized massive MIMO systems
Authors: Cheng Xudong , He Yejun , Zhang Li , Qiao Jian 
Published: June 2018

SummaryIn this paper, we use the multipolarized antennas in massive multiple‐input multiple‐output (MIMO) systems to decline the channel orthogonality and enhance the system performance. We propose 3 multipolarized massive MIMO system schemes according to antenna structures of 3 widely used massive MIMO systems and establish 3‐D geometrical channel models. Simulation results show that the multipolarized massive MIMO systems outperform the unipolarized massive MIMO systems in many situations. The multipolarized antennas would be the best choice for massive MIMO systems if the space efficiency and the miniaturization of equipments are of primary concern.
MPC: A RSUs deployment strategy for VANET
Authors: Yeferny Taoufik , Allani Sabri 
Published: June 2018

SummaryA Vehicle AdHoc Network is mainly composed of mobile vehicles and fixed Road Site Units (RSUs). The latter is usually very expensive to deploy and has a crucial role in maintaining the network connectivity. Therefore, the design of an efficient RSU deployment strategy that enables a high coverage ratio and a lower deployment cost has been of paramount importance. In this respect, we introduce in this paper a new spatiotemporal coverage strategy for nonsafety Vehicle AdHoc Network applications like driving assistance and business promotion, called Minimal Mobility Patterns Coverage (MPC). The main thrust of MPC is to (1) depict the mobility patterns of moving vehicles from their trace files and then (2) compute the adequate RSU locations in order to cover the extracted mobility patterns by the minimal possible number of RSUs. To this end, we firstly provide a new method to depict the mobility patterns of vehicles by mining the correlations between the kept track connections of vehicle trajectories versus crossed junctions. Secondly, we introduce a new way to compute the adequate RSU locations through the instantiation of the well‐known problem of extracting minimal transversals of a hypergraph. Experimental results show that our RSUs deployment strategy performs better than baseline strategies.