bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
L’usage de la conjecture technique chez Galien de Pergame
Authors: Hébrard Jérémie 
Published: August 2019

L’enjeu de cette contribution est d’explorer les réflexions sur les arts stochastiques dans l’Antiquité et de montrer comment les développements concernant « l’art de conjecturer » que l’on trouve chez Galien constituent une option préférable aux voies traditionnelles empruntées par les philosophes pour expliquer la faillibilité inhérente à l’art médical. En distinguant le diagnostic scientifique du diagnostic conjectural, Galien englobe la totalité des cas pertinents pour l’art médical. Le premier, en raison de son caractère général, peut être théorisé. Quant au second, il concerne uniquement le particulier et n’est donc pas susceptible d’entrer dans la théorie, si ce n’est que par la méthode qui le rend possible. Il s’agit donc de dresser une ébauche des mécanismes qui sous-tendent la conjecture technique afin d’exposer la position adroitement élaborée par Galien sur un sujet où l’hégémonie philosophique régnait jusqu’alors.
Travail collectif pluridisciplinaire dans la prévention des risques professionnels complexes : ressources et contraintes du contexte au Québec et en France
Authors: Bellemare Marie , Caroly Sandrine , Prud’homme Daniel 
Published: August 2019

Dans le cadre d’une étude menée au sein de services de santé au travail au Québec et en France, nous nous intéressons aux conditions favorables aux pratiques de travail collectif pluridisciplinaire (TCP). Face à des problèmes de santé complexes, tels que les troubles musculosquelettiques (TMS) ou les troubles de santé psychologique (TPS), des professionnels de différents métiers sont amenés à collaborer, notamment pour mener des actions de prévention primaire ayant pour cible les conditions de réalisation du travail. Le contexte dans lequel oeuvrent, d’une part, les équipes de santé au travail (ESAT) au Québec et, d’autre part, les services de santé au travail interentreprises (SSTi) en France diffèrent en raison de leur histoire, leurs cadres juridique et institutionnel, leurs missions et dispositifs.
En étudiant les actions en milieu de travail menées par les acteurs de ces services, à partir de données recueillies par le biais d’observations et d’entretiens réalisés dans les deux contextes, nous examinons les formes de travail collectif pluridisciplinaire en prévention des TMS. Ceci nous a permis de mettre en lumière les contraintes et les ressources qu’offre, à cet égard, chacun des contextes. Nous constatons que le contexte québécois, avec son approche de santé publique qui prescrit une démarche structurée faisant appel à la pluridisciplinarité, permet des formes plus élaborées de travail collectif grâce au partage d’outils communs et aux prises de décisions collectives quant aux modalités de l’intervention. Dans le contexte français, bien que les formes du travail collectif pluridisciplinaire soient moins développées, le mandat de prévention assuré par les services de santé au travail permet un élargissement du périmètre d’action que l’on ne retrouve pas dans le contexte québécois. Ces résultats interrogent les marges de manoeuvre offertes par les dispositifs en vue d’une prévention durable et efficace des risques professionnels.
The Effects of Work-Life Benefits on Employment Outcomes in Canada: A Multivariate Analysis
Authors: Fang Tony , Lee Byron , Timming Andrew R. , Fan Di 
Published: August 2019

The aim of this study is to examine the empirical question of how the provision of work-life benefits is associated with wages, promotions, and job satisfaction. This is an important question for industrial relations scholars and one that, as yet, has no definitive answer.
In order to answer this question, we employ both economic theory and methods. Specifically, the economic theories being tested are the compensating wage differentials theory and the efficiency wage theory. To test the efficacy of each theory, we use econometric techniques using longitudinal data from the most recent Workplace and Employee Survey of Canada. We use regression to unpack the effects of work-life benefits on various employment outcomes and employ instrumental variables to mitigate against reverse causality.
We find broad support for the efficiency wage theory. Alternatively stated, we find that increases in benefits are not associated with decreases in wages and other employment outcomes. If bundled correctly, work-life benefits are positively associated with increased wages, a greater number of promotions, enhanced employee morale in the form of job satisfaction, and improved employee retention.
These results suggest that the provision of work-life benefits is not a zero-sum game for employers and employees. On the contrary, it appears that both parties to the employment relationship can benefit from work-life benefits.
Abusive Supervision, Psychological Capital, and Turnover Intention: Evidence from Factory Workers in China
Authors: Seo Yumi , Chung Sun Wook 
Published: August 2019

As a dark side of leadership, scholars have shown that abusive supervision (AS) has negative consequences for subordinates work, organizations and society. This study focuses on the detrimental effects of AS on employee turnover intention, which is one of the major concerns for firms in China. We examined the underlying psychological mechanism between AS and turnover intention, specifically by focusing on the mediational role of psychological capital (Luthanset al., 2007) based on the conservation of resources theory (COR, from Hobfoll, 2002). By explaining the process of how AS can deplete individuals’ resources, which leads to protective behaviour and attitudes, we attempt to integrate COR theory into the existing AS literature. We also investigated the moderating role of broader organizational contexts represented by organizational justice perception in the relationship between AS and turnover intention, showing boundary conditions where the effects of AS can be amplified with regard to overall organizational justice perception.Based on survey data collected from young factory workers in northern China, this study finds that abusive supervision is positively correlated with turnover intention. Psychological capital, especially optimism, mediates this relationship. In addition, when workers perceived high levels of procedural and distributive organizational justice, this association between abusive supervision and turnover intention was even stronger. Furthermore, the perception of procedural organizational justice also moderated the mediation mechanism of optimism between abusive supervision and turnover intention.This paper enriches the extant studies by considering the relationship between abusive supervision and its negative consequences for manufacturing workplaces in a non-western country, a context that has been little studied. In addition, by showing how psychological capital and the perception of organizational justice affect the AS-turnover intention relationship, this paper provides a nuanced and deeper understanding of the psychological mechanism and organizational context of abusive supervision.
L’inadéquation éducation-emploi et son impact sur les revenus chez les travailleurs canadiens
Authors: Boudarbat Brahim , Montmarquette Claude 
Published: August 2019

Dans ce texte, nous brossons un portrait de la surqualification professionnelle au Canada en traitant de sa fréquence et de ses répercussions sur la rémunération des travailleurs. La surqualification des travailleurs est une question largement étudiée dans la littérature, ce qui témoigne bien de l’importance du phénomène autant pour les décideurs des politiques publiques que pour les individus. Les données de l’Enquête nationale auprès des ménages (ENM) de 2011 indiquent que le pourcentage de travailleurs canadiens qui étaient surqualifiés dans leur emploi était de 26 % en 2011, soit presque le même taux enregistré en 2006. Ce taux varie significativement selon le niveau d’études (40 % chez les titulaires d’un baccalauréat, 18,3 % pour les diplômés d’études secondaires) et le domaine d’études (49 % en histoire, 27 % en bibliothéconomie). Au chapitre des revenus, les travailleurs surqualifiés gagnent moins que leurs collègues qui ont le même niveau de scolarité, mais qui occupent un poste qui correspond à cette scolarité. Toutefois, par rapport aux travailleurs qui possèdent le niveau d’études habituellement requis, les plus scolarisés (c’est-à-dire ceux qui sont surqualifiés) gagnent plus.
Osteoarthritis in England: Incidence Trends From National Health Service Hospital Episode Statistics
Authors: Morgan O. J. , Hillstrom H. J. , Ellis S. J. , Golightly Y. M. , Russell R. , Hannan M. T. , Deland J. T. , Hillstrom R. 
Published: August 2019

ObjectiveIt is typical in epidemiological research of osteoarthritis (OA) to collect data for the hand, hip, and knee. However, little population‐based data exist for this disease in the foot. Thus, we addressed patterns of OA for the foot compared with the hand, hip, and knee spanning 2000/2001 to 2017/2018 in England.MethodsSecondary‐care data from 3 143 928 patients with OA of the foot, hand, hip, and knee were derived from the National Health Service (NHS) Hospital Episode Statistics (HES) database. Distribution, population prevalence, and incidence of joint‐specific OA were stratified by age and sex.ResultsOA incidence increased significantly at the foot [3.8% (95% confidence interval [CI] 3.0, 4.6)], hand [10.9% (10.1, 11.7)], hip [3.8% (2.9, 4.7)], and knee [2.9% (2.2, 3.6)] per year from 2000/2001 to 2017/2018. A higher proportion of women were diagnosed with OA, whereas greater incidence in men was estimated for the hand and hip. Foot OA presented comparable diagnosis numbers to the hand. More recently during 2012/2013 to 2017/2018, a significant rise in hip OA was estimated among younger adults, whereas knee OA decreased across all age groups. Incidence of OA in the foot and hand were particularly significant among the 75 or older age group, though bimodal age distributions were observed for both sites.ConclusionThe significant increase in secondary care records for OA in England underscores the importance of exploring possible causative factors and identifying groups most at risk. Further detailed data may be particularly important for the hip, which represents significant incidence among younger adults. Greater incidence of OA in the foot compared with the knee emphasizes the need for well‐conducted epidemiological research in this area. Monitoring the performance of surgical outcomes at the population‐level for this frequently affected yet understudied site could have substantial potential to reduce the socioeconomic burden it represents to the NHS.
Recent Advances in Liquid‐Like Thermoelectric Materials
Authors: Zhao Kunpeng , Qiu Pengfei , Shi Xun , Chen Lidong 
Published: August 2019

AbstractThermoelectric technology has attracted great attention due to its ability to recover and convert waste heat into readily available electric energy. Among the various candidate materials, liquid‐like compounds have received tremendous research interest on account of their intrinsically ultralow lattice thermal conductivity, tunable electrical properties, and high thermoelectric performance. Despite their complex phase transitions and diverse crystal structures, liquid‐like materials have two independent sublattices in common: one rigid sublattice formed by immobile ions for the free transport of electrons and one liquid‐like sublattice consisting of highly mobile ions to interrupt the thermal transports. This review first outlines the common structural features of liquid‐like thermoelectrics, along with their unusual electron and phonon transport behaviors that well satisfy the concept of “phonon‐liquid electron‐crystal.” Next, some commonly adopted strategies for further improving their thermoelectric performance are highlighted. The main progress achieved in the typical liquid‐like TE materials is then summarized, with an emphasis on their diverse crystal structures, common characteristics, and unique transport properties. The recent understandings on the stability issue of liquid‐like TE materials are also introduced. Finally, an outlook is given for the liquid‐like materials with the aim to boost further development in this exciting scientific subfield.
A General Approach for Lab‐to‐Manufacturing Translation on Flexible Organic Solar Cells
Authors: Meng Xiangchuan , Zhang Lin , Xie Yuanpeng , Hu Xiaotian , Xing Zhi , Huang Zengqi , Liu Cong , Tan Licheng , Zhou Weihua , Sun Yanming , Ma Wei , Chen Yiwang 
Published: August 2019

AbstractThe blossoming of organic solar cells (OSCs) has triggered enormous commercial applications, due to their high‐efficiency, light weight, and flexibility. However, the lab‐to‐manufacturing translation of the praisable performance from lab‐scale devices to industrial‐scale modules is still the Achilles' heel of OSCs. In fact, it is urgent to explore the mechanism of morphological evolution in the bulk heterojunction (BHJ) with different coating/printing methods. Here, a general approach to upscale flexible organic photovoltaics to module scale without obvious efficiency loss is demonstrated. The shear impulse during the coating/printing process is first applied to control the morphology evolution of the BHJ layer for both fullerene and nonfullerene acceptor systems. A quantitative transformation factor of shear impulse between slot‐die printing and spin‐coating is detected. Compelling results of morphological evolution, molecular stacking, and coarse‐grained molecular simulation verify the validity of the impulse translation. Accordingly, the efficiency of flexible devices via slot‐die printing achieves 9.10% for PTB7‐Th:PC71BM and 9.77% for PBDB‐T:ITIC based on 1.04 cm2. Furthermore, 15 cm2flexible modules with effective efficiency up to 7.58% (PTB7‐Th:PC71BM) and 8.90% (PBDB‐T:ITIC) are demonstrated with satisfying mechanical flexibility and operating stability. More importantly, this work outlines the shear impulse translation for organic printing electronics.
Fluorinated Nanocomposite Coatings for Confinement and Pumpless Transport of Low‐Surface‐Tension Liquids
Authors: Morrissette Jared M. , Ghosh Aritra , Campos Raymond , Mates Joseph E. , Mabry Joseph M. , Megaridis Constantine M. 
Published: August 2019

AbstractPreparing surfaces that repel low‐surface‐tension liquids, such as oils and hydrocarbon fuels with surface tensions below 30 mN m−1, poses more challenges than attaining water repellency. Oleophobic surfaces are needed when organic fluids must be contained to avoid pollutant spreading. A composite material system is presented comprised of fluorinated silica (filler), a perfluoroalkyl methacrylate copolymer (binder), and fluorinated polyhedral oligomeric silsesquioxane (additive; considered the lowest surface‐energy material to date), which can be applied as a thin coating onto any substrate. The coating is shown to repel liquids with surface tension as low as 23.8 mN m−1. Regions of the coatings are made superoleophilic (high affinity to oils and other hydrocarbons) through laser processing, thus generating wettability‐patterned surfaces that can passively manage and transport low‐surface‐tension liquids by harnessing forces arising from the spatial confinement of the fluid. The rapid (>20 cm s−1) pumpless transport of several liquid hydrocarbons on open‐air, wettability‐engineered surfaces is demonstrated, and the respective transport rates are compared to those of water. The sprayable coating formulation and post‐processing steps used in this work offer a tractable approach to rapidly fabricate and test wettability‐engineered devices that can effectively contain, manage, and pumplessly transport low‐surface‐tension liquids on open surfaces.
Multifunctional Thermally Activated Delayed Fluorescence Emitters and Insight into Multicolor‐Mechanochromism Promoted by Weak Intra‐ and Intermolecular Interactions
Authors: Zheng Kailu , Yang Hannan , Ni Fan , Chen Zhanxiang , Gong Shaolong , Lu Zhenghong , Yang Chuluo 
Published: August 2019

AbstractTwo multifunctional emissive molecules (QBP‐DMAC and QBP‐PXZ) with a novel accepting unit (5,6‐dihydropyrrolo[2,1‐a]isoquinoline‐1,3‐diyl)bis(phenylmethanone) (QBP) are designed and synthesized. Both emitters exhibit thermally activated delayed fluorescence (TADF) and aggregation‐induced emission characteristics, and QBP‐DMAC shows multicolor mechanochromic luminescent (MCL). Intriguingly, crystal structure of QBP‐DMAC reveals loose molecular packing mode and slipped π–π intramolecular interactions between DMAC moieties, which are identified as the underlying mechanism for its MCL behavior. Moreover, the QBP‐DMAC‐based organic light‐emitting diode device achieves high external quantum efficiencies up to 18.8%, which is among the highest efficiencies for the MCL‐active TADF emitters.
Food abundance and weather influence habitat‐specific ranging patterns in forest‐ and savanna mosaic‐dwelling red‐tailed monkeys (Cercopithecus ascanius)
Authors: McLester Edward , Brown Michelle , Stewart Fiona A. , Piel Alex K. 
Published: August 2019

AbstractObjectivesPrimates that live in predominantly forested habitats and open, savanna mosaics should exhibit behavioral responses to differing food distributions and weather. We compared ecological constraints on red‐tailed monkey ranging behavior in forest and savanna mosaic environments. Intraspecific variation in adaptations to these conditions may reflect similar pressures faced by hominins during the Plio‐Pleistocene.MethodsWe followed six groups in moist evergreen forest at Ngogo (Uganda) and one group in a savanna‐woodland mosaic at the Issa Valley (Tanzania). We used spatial analyses to compare home range sizes and daily travel distances (DTD) between sites. We used measures of vegetation density and phenology to interpolate spatially explicit indices of food (fruit, flower, and leaves) abundance. We modeled DTD and range use against food abundance. We modeled DTD and at Issa hourly travel distances (HTD), against temperature and rainfall.ResultsCompared to Issa, monkeys at Ngogo exhibited significantly smaller home ranges and less variation in DTD. DTD related negatively to fruit abundance, which had a stronger effect at Issa. DTD and HTD related negatively to temperature but not rainfall. This effect did not differ significantly between sites. Home range use did not relate to food abundance at either site.ConclusionsOur results indicate food availability and thermoregulatory constraints influence red‐tailed monkey ranging patterns. Intraspecific variation in home range sizes and DTD likely reflects different food distributions in closed and open habitats. We compare our results with hypotheses of evolved hominin behavior associated with the Plio‐Pleistocene shift from similar closed to open environments.
Hematemesis due to double sources: a case report of epistaxis following gastric ulcer
Authors: Yano Yudai , Hongo Takashi , Kuriyama Akira , Fujiwara Toshifumi 
Published: August 2019

BackgroundEpistaxis is a common condition that can sometimes be overlooked. It usually presents with obvious symptoms but could also present as hematemesis and melena.Case PresentationA 78‐year‐old man presented to our emergency department with melena and shock. Initial endoscopy revealed a bleeding gastric ulcer. However, he had recurrent episodes of hematemesis and melena following coagulation therapy, and a repeat esophagogastroduodenoscopy could not identify the source of bleeding for more than 1 week. Epistaxis from nasal polyps was identified as the cause of hemorrhagic shock. Posterior nasal packing was carried out with Foley catheters, and an endoscopic sinus surgery was finally performed.ConclusionWe report a case of epistaxis that caused hematemesis and melena following gastrointestinal bleeding. The diagnosis of epistaxis might have been delayed due to anchoring bias. Clinicians should be aware that epistaxis can mimic upper gastrointestinal bleeding and remember this important differential diagnosis.
An Interactive Model of Communication between Abiotic Nanodevices and Microorganisms
Authors: de Luis Beatriz , Llopis‐Lorente Antoni , Rincón Paola , Gadea José , Sancenón Félix , Aznar Elena , Villalonga Reynaldo , Murguía José Ramón , Martínez‐Máñez Ramón 
Published: August 2019

AbstractThe construction of communication models at the micro‐/nanoscale involving abiotic nanodevices and living organisms has the potential to open a wide range of applications in biomedical and communication technologies. However, this area remains almost unexplored. Herein, we report, as a proof of concept, a stimuli‐responsive interactive paradigm of communication between yeasts (as a model microorganism) and enzyme‐controlled Janus Au–mesoporous silica nanoparticles. In the presence of the stimulus, the information flows from the microorganism to the nanodevice, and then returns from the nanodevice to the microorganism as a feedback.
Kinetic Control of Aggregation Shape in Micellar Self‐Assembly
Authors: Buckinx Axel‐Laurenz , Verstraete Kirsten , Baeten Evelien , Tabor Rico F. , Sokolova Anna , Zaquen Neomy , Junkers Tanja 
Published: August 2019

AbstractThe first steps towards top‐down morphology control in micellar self‐assembly are introduced. Kinetically stable micelles are formed from block copolymers (BCPs) using continuous flow techniques by turbulent mixing of water with a THF solution of polymers. In this way, particle shape and size can be altered from spheres to ellipsoids solely via tuning of mixing parameters from a single BCP.
Regio‐ and Stereoselective Synthesis of Fully Substituted Silyl Enol Ethers of Ketones and Aldehydes in Acyclic Systems
Authors: Wang Peter‐Yong , Duret Guillaume , Marek Ilan 
Published: August 2019

AbstractThe regio‐ and stereoselective preparation of fully substituted and stereodefined silyl enol ethers of ketones and aldehydes through an allyl‐Brook rearrangement is reported. This fast and efficient method proceeds from a mixture of E and Z isomers of easily accessible starting materials.