bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Sunitinib cause delayed complete response on metastatic RCC and extensive IVC thrombus, but not to the kidney tumor: a case report and review of literature
Authors: Beltagy Ahmad , Ismail Asmaa , Elmansy Hazem , Shahrour Walid , Prowse Owen , Kotb Ahmed 
Published: October 2019

Abstract
The role of cytoreductive nephrectomy for metastatic renal cell carcinoma (RCC) is currently debated, with the advancements in target therapy development. The aim of our work was to present an interesting case report with mini review to describe the important role of cytoreductive nephrectomy for kidney cancer control that failed to respond well to Sutent, in spite of good response for all metastases. Medline review of related English publication was conducted and included to the study. RCC response to Sutent is inferior to the response of its metastases. Cytoreductive nephrectomy still plays an important role in metastatic RCC and may be an integral part for cancer control, in properly selected patients.
Appendiceal diverticulitis presenting as acute appendicitis diagnosed postoperatively
Authors: Albeeshi Majid Z , Alwanyan Abdullah A , Salim Alaa A , Albabtain Ibrahim T 
Published: October 2019

AbstractAppendiceal diverticular disease is a rare entity. We report a case of appendiceal diverticulitis mimicking acute appendicitis and diagnosed postoperatively on histopathology. A 28-year-old female presented with a 2-day history of shifting periumbilical pain associated with nausea and anorexia. A computed tomography scan of the abdomen demonstrated acute appendicitis. She was taken to laparoscopic appendectomy. Histopathology showed appendiceal diverticulitis, and perforation of an inflamed diverticulum with periappendicitis. Diverticulosis of the appendix is classified as congenital and acquired. Diagnosis can be made preoperatively by imaging. In this case, diverticulosis was not radiologically evident, and was interpreted as acute appendicitis. Gross appearance of the resected appendix was not suggestive of diverticulitis. Other cases reported that the gross specimen had evidence of diverticular disease. Surgeons should be aware that inflamed appendixes may harbor different pathologies warranting further management.
Are all vaccines safe for the pregnant traveller? A systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Nasser Roni , Rakedzon Stav , Dickstein Yaakov , Mousa Amjad , Solt Ido , Peterisel Neta , Feldman Tzah , Neuberger Ami 
Published: October 2019

Abstract
Pregnant travellers and their offspring are vulnerable to severe outcomes following a wide range of infections. Vaccine-preventable diseases can have a particularly severe course in pregnant women, but little is known about the safety of travel vaccines in pregnant women. We performed a systematic review of all published literature concerning the safety of vaccines frequently given to travellers such as yellow fever, MMR (mumps, measles and rubella), influenza, Tdap (tetanus, diphtheria and pertussis), meningococcus, hepatitis A and B, rabies, polio, typhoid fever, tick-borne encephalitis and Japanese encephalitis vaccines. We included case series, cohort studies and randomized controlled trials (RCTs). For the meta-analysis, we included only RCTs that compared the administration of a vaccine to placebo or to no vaccine. Outcome measures included severe systemic adverse events, maternal outcomes related to the course of pregnancy, neonatal outcomes and local adverse events. We calculated the risk ratio and its 95% confidence interval as the summary measure. The safety of influenza vaccine is supported by high-quality evidence. For Tdap vaccine, no evidence of any harm was found in the meta-analysis of RCTs. A slight increase in chorioamnionitis rate was reported in 3 out of 12 observational studies. However, this small possible risk is far outweighed by a much larger benefit in terms of infant morbidity and mortality. Meningococcal vaccines are probably safe during pregnancy, as supported by RCTs comparing meningococcal vaccines to other vaccines. Data from observational studies support the safety of hepatitis A, hepatitis B and rabies vaccines, as well as that of the live attenuated yellow fever vaccine. We found little or no data about the safety of polio, typhoid, Japanese encephalitis, tick-borne encephalitis and MMR vaccines during pregnancy.
Fiduciaries, bribes and constructive trusts—a policy-based justification
Authors: Belshaw Mark 
Published: October 2019

Abstract
The Supreme Court in FHR European Ventures LLP v Cedar Capital Partners LLC [2015] AC 250 made clear that a fiduciary who breaches his fiduciary duties by receiving a bribe will hold that bribe on constructive trust for his principal. This article suggests that the law’s response to a breach of fiduciary duty is focused on the wrong of breach, rather than on enforcing the fiduciary’s primary duties. Viewed through this prism, a more thorough justification than that identified by the Supreme Court is necessary for imposing a constructive trust over a bribe. This article suggests that there is no principled reason for imposing a constructive trust, but that the justification is rooted in the policies underlying the entirety of the law of fiduciary duties—deterrence and prophylaxis.
Smoking cessation, metabolic risk behaviors, and stress management over time in a sample of young adult smokers
Authors: Vogel Erin A , Ramo Danielle E 
Published: October 2019

Abstract
Smoking cessation may support changes in metabolic risk behaviors (e.g., high-fat diet, physical inactivity, poor sleep, low fruit and vegetable consumption [FVC]). We examined the association between smoking cessation and metabolic risk behavior profiles, mediated by readiness to change risk behaviors and moderated by stress management. Participants were young adult smokers in a randomized controlled trial of a Facebook smoking cessation intervention. Measures included stage of change for five metabolic risk behaviors: FVC, diet, physical activity, sleep hygiene, and stress management. Moderated mediation was used to examine relationships between smoking cessation at T1 (predictor), readiness to change metabolic risk behaviors at T2 (mediators), stress management at T3 (moderator), and metabolic risk behavior profile at T3 (outcome) over 9 months. T1 smoking abstinence was associated with greater readiness to increase FVC at T2, which predicted lower likelihood of T3 metabolic risk (β = −0.22, 95% confidence interval [CI] [−0.53, −0.03]). This indirect effect was moderated by stress management such that greater readiness to increase FVC at T2 was associated with lower T3 metabolic risk for participants with unmanaged stress (β = −0.90, 95% CI [−1.32, −0.49], p &lt; .001), but not for participants with well-managed stress (β = −.22, 95% CI [−0.48, 0.04], p = .096). Young adults who quit smoking subsequently had lower metabolic risk behaviors. Among participants with unmanaged stress, those who quit smoking had greater readiness to increase FVC and lower likelihood of subsequent metabolic risk. Smoking cessation interventions could aim to teach broadly applicable behavior change skills and build confidence for decreasing metabolic risk.
Patient-Reported Outcome Measures and Patient Activation: What Are Their Roles in Orthopedic Trauma?
Authors: Grogan Moore Meredith L. , Jayakumar Prakash , Laverty David , Hill Austin D. , Koenig Karl M. 
Published: October 2019

Summary:
The rise of patient-reported outcome (PRO) measurement across medicine has been swift and now extends to the world of orthopedic trauma. However, PRO measures (PROMs) applied to trauma patients pose special considerations; measuring “episodes of care” is less straightforward, injuries are heterogeneous in their severity, and the patient's initial visit is “postinjury.” Obtaining baseline scores and assessing the impact of a traumatic event on mental health are key considerations. Currently, few, if any, trauma registries include PROs; though general and condition-specific PROMs plus the patient empowerment measure of Patient Activation represent meaningful inputs for the clinical decision-making process. To be useful in trauma care, PROMs should be psychometrically sound and validated, be used for capturing function, screen for mental state and substance use, and give the clinician a sense of the patient's “activation” (engagement in their own health). Although the implementation of routine PRO collection can seem daunting, clinicians can use a multitude of electronic resources to access validated measures and simplify the implementation process. Computer-adaptive testing has evolved to help minimize patient burden, and PROM collection must maximize efficiency. Once established as part of your practice, PROs become an important tool to track recovery, identify mental health issues, engage in the prevention of future injury, and enable care of the whole patient.
Integrated Practice Units: What Are They and How Can They Be Applied to Orthopaedic Trauma?
Authors: Jayakumar Prakash , Grogan Moore Meredith L. , Hill Austin D. , Koenig Karl M. 
Published: October 2019

Summary:
Musculoskeletal professionals are looking for opportunities to provide integrated patient-centered models of care. Integrated practice units (IPUs) are structurally and functionally organized around the patient's medical condition over a full cycle of care with a comprehensive range of services delivered by dedicated multidisciplinary teams. Although IPUs have been developed for chronic orthopaedic conditions, such as hip and knee osteoarthritis, relatively little has been explored in relation to orthopaedic trauma. Development of novel IPUs for managing musculoskeletal injuries may help surgeons to better contend with the substantial burden associated with these conditions on the quality of life of individual patients and society at large. This review explores the challenges and unmet needs unique to orthopaedic trauma that could be bridged by high-value, integrated patient-centered models of care. It also provides a framework for the design and implementation of IPUs and the rationale of this framework in 3 major populations: ambulatory trauma, fragility fractures, and complex polytrauma. To conclude, in this review, we consider the mechanism and impact of alternative payment models in this setting.
Cost Variation in Temporizing External Fixation of Tibial Plateau Fractures
Authors: Hayek Kevin R. , Parikh Harsh R. , McCreary Dylan L. , Westberg Jerald R. , Mirick Gudrun , Baynard Taurean , Schmidt Andrew H. , Cunningham Brian P. 
Published: October 2019

BACKGROUND:
Rising health care expenditures and declining reimbursements have generated interest in providing interventions of value. The use of external fixation is a commonly used intermediate procedure for the staged treatment of unstable fractures. External fixator constructs can vary in design and costs based on selected component configuration. The objective of this study was to evaluate cost variation and relationships to injury and noninjury characteristics in temporizing external fixation of tibial plateau fractures. We hypothesize that construct costs are highly variable and present no noticeable patterns with both injury and noninjury characteristics.

METHODS:
A retrospective review of tibial plateau fractures treated with initial temporizing external fixation between 2010 and 2016 at 2 Level I trauma centers was conducted. Fracture and patient characteristics including age, body mass index, AO/OTA classification, and Schatzker fracture classification were observed with construct cost. In addition, injury-independent characteristics of surgeon education, site of procedure, and date of procedure were evaluated with construct cost. Factors associated with cost variation were assessed using nonparametric comparative and goodness-of-fit regression tests.

RESULTS:
Two hundred twenty-one patient cases were reviewed. The mean knee spanning fixator construct cost was $4947 (95% confidence interval = $4742–$5152). The overall range in construct costs was from $1848 to $11,568. The mean duration of use was 16.4 days. No strong correlations were noted between construct cost and patient demographics (r2 = 0.02), fracture characteristics (r2 = 0.02), or injury-independent characteristics (r2 = 0.10). Finally, there was no significant difference between constructs of traumatologists and other orthopaedic surgeon subspecialists (P = 0.12).

CONCLUSIONS:
Temporizing external fixation of tibial plateau is a high-cost intervention per unit of time and exhibits massive variation in the mean cost. This presents an ideal opportunity for cost savings by reducing excessive variation in implant component selection.

LEVEL OF EVIDENCE:
Level III. Retrospective Cohort.
Measuring Relationships Between Proactive Reporting State-level Prescription Drug Monitoring Programs and County-level Fatal Prescription Opioid Overdoses
Authors: Cerdá Magdalena , Ponicki William R. , Smith Nathan , Rivera-Aguirre Ariadne , Davis Corey S. , Marshall Brandon D.L. , Fink David S. , Henry Stephen G. , Castillo-Carniglia Alvaro , Wintemute Garen J. , Gaidus Andrew , Gruenewald Paul J. , Martins Silvia S. 
Published: October 2019

Background:
Prescription drug monitoring programs (PDMPs) that collect and distribute information on dispensed controlled substances have been adopted by nearly all US states. We know little about program characteristics that modify PDMP impact on prescription opioid (PO) overdose deaths.

Methods:
We measured associations between adoption of any PDMP and changes in fatal PO overdoses in 2002–2016 across 3109 counties in 49 states and D.C. We then measured changes related to the adoption of “proactive PDMPs,” which report outlying prescribing/dispensing patterns and provide broader access to PDMP data by law enforcement. Comparisons were made within 3 time intervals that broadly represent the evolution of PDMPs (2002–2004, 2005–2009, and 2010–2016). We modeled overdoses using Bayesian space-time models.

Results:
Adoption of electronic PDMP access was associated with 9% lower rates of fatal PO overdoses after three years (rate ratio [RR] = 0.91, 95% credible interval [CI]: 0.88–0.93) with well-supported effects for methadone (RR = 0.86,95% CI: 0.82–0.90) and other synthetic opioids (RR = 0.82, 95% CI: 0.77–0.86). Compared with states with no/weak PDMPs, proactive PDMPs were associated with fewer deaths attributed to natural/semi-synthetic opioids (2002–2004: RR = 0.72 [0.66–0.78]; 2005–2009: RR = 0.93 [0.90–0.97]; 2010–2016: 0.89 [0.86–0.92]) and methadone (2002–2004: RR = 0.77 [0.69–0.85]; 2010–2016: RR = 0.90 [0.86–0.94]). Unintended effects were observed for synthetic opioids other than methadone (2005–2009: RR = 1.29 [1.21–1.38]; 2010–2016: RR = 1.22 [1.16–1.29]).

Conclusions:
State adoption of PDMPs was associated with fewer PO deaths overall while proactive PDMPs alone were associated with fewer deaths related to natural/semisynthetic opioids and methadone, the specific targets of these programs. See video abstract at, http://links.lww.com/EDE/B619.
High Prevalence of Sexually Transmitted Infections, and High-Risk Sexual Behaviors Among Indigenous Adolescents of the Comarca Ngäbe-Buglé, Panama
Authors: Gabster Amanda , Pascale Juan Miguel , Cislaghi Beniamino , Francis Suzanna C. , Weiss Helen A. , Martinez Alexander , Ortiz Alma , Herrera Mellissa , Herrera Genarino , Gantes Cesar , Quiel Yaremis , Ríos Adán , Campbell Eliris , Mayaud Philippe 
Published: October 2019

Background
There is scant information on sexually transmitted infection (STI) prevalence and risk factors among Latin American indigenous populations. We investigated STI prevalence and risk factors among adolescents of the Comarca Ngäbe-Buglé indigenous region of Panama.

Methods
A population-based cross-sectional study was conducted among school-going adolescents aged 14 to 19 years. Eligible consenting participants self-completed a questionnaire and provided blood and urine samples. Female participants provided additional self-administered genital swabs. Seroprevalences of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV), syphilis, hepatitis B (HBsAg, anti-HBc), and herpes simplex virus type 2 (HSV-2) were determined in all participants; genital Chlamydia trachomatis (CT) and Neisseria gonorrhoeae (NG) by PCR among participants who reported sexual experience or were seropositive for HIV/syphilis/HSV2/HBsAg; high-risk human papillomavirus (HPV) by qualitative DNA assay and bacterial vaginosis (BV) by Gram-stain among female participants. Risk factors were identified by estimating adjusted odds ratios (AOR) using random-effects logistic regression.

Results
We enrolled 700 participants (median age, 17 years [female participants]; 18 years [male participants]) from 20 schools. Sexual experience was reported by 536 participants (76.6%). The HIV/STI prevalences among females and males were: HIV 0.4% and 1.0%, high-titer active syphilis 1.3% and 6.6%, HSV-2 16.1% and 16.1%, HBsAg 1.3% and 1.4%, anti-HBc 3.2% and 1.4%, NG 1.8% and 1.7%, CT 17.5% and 10.7%; among females: BV 42.9% and HPV 33.2%. CT was independently associated with being female (AOR, 2.02; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.20–3.41); high-titer active syphilis with being male (AOR, 4.51; 95% CI, 1.17–17.40). Bacterial vaginosis was associated with sexual behavior (≥3 lifetime sex partners: AOR, 3.81; 95% CI, 1.29–11.26), HPV with sexual experience (AOR, 4.05; 95% CI, 1.62–10.09).

Conclusions
School-going indigenous adolescents in rural Panama have substantial STI burden. Targeted STI screening is required.
Simulation Fellowships
Authors: Meguerdichian Michael , Bajaj Komal , Wong Nelson , Bentley Suzanne , Walker Katie , Cheng Adam , Ahmed Rami A. 
Published: October 2019

Introduction
The simulation fellowship training community has commenced efforts toward the development of core curricular elements for healthcare simulation fellowships but has not deployed the same effort to create evaluation strategies to monitor fellows' progress. The authors present a current view of simulation fellowship assessment strategies, their relative validity evidence using Kane's theoretical framework, and consider new approaches for defining expertise after training.

Methods
Fellowship directors in North America were surveyed to identify what competencies are being used by the simulation fellowship community to monitor fellows' progress. A follow-up survey was sent to further clarify which tools with published validity evidence were being applied by current programs.

Results
Of the 61 programs contacted, 44 (72.1%) responded and completed the first survey. Of the 44 programs, 32 (72.7%) reported using some formal assessment of their fellows. The most commonly assessed skill was debriefing. Twenty-three (37.7%) of the 61 programs contacted responded to the secondary survey. These reported that the most common published tool used was the Debriefing Assessment for Simulation in Healthcare, with only a few other tools mentioned.

Conclusions
There is a paucity of tools with published validity evidence being used to monitor a fellow's progression. The authors agree that further research needs to focus on creating validated assessment tools to assist in refining fellowship training.
Safety of Donation From Brain-dead Organ Donors With Central Nervous System Tumors: Analysis of Transplantation Outcomes in Korea
Authors: Lee Mi-Sung , Cho Won-Hyun , Ha Jongwon , Yu Eun-Suk , Jeong Young-Soon , Oh Jae-Sook , Lee Jeong-Rim , Lee Jae-Myeong 
Published: October 2019

Background.
This study aims to verify the condition of recipients of solid organs from donors with central nervous system (CNS) tumors and determine the risk of disease transmission due to transplantation.

Methods.
Twenty-eight brain-dead organ donors with CNS tumors and 91 recipients who received solid organs from January 1, 2005, to December 31, 2014 in Korea were investigated using the Korean Network of Organ Sharing data.

Results.
Of the 36 recipients of organs from the 11 donors whose pathological results were not verified, 4 developed the following tumors: renal cell carcinoma, carcinoma in situ of the cervix uteri, B-cell lymphoma, and colon cancer. Among 51 recipients from 17 donors with CNS tumor, no recipient had the same tumor as the donors. Six were classified as high-risk donors according to the World Health Organization classification, and 14 recipients from these donors did not develop tumor after transplantation. The remaining 11 donors were classified as low-risk donors according to the World Health Organization classification but as high-risk donors according to the Malignancy Subcommittee of the Disease Transmission Advisory Committee of the Organ Procurement and Transplantation Network/United Network for Organ Sharing. Of the 37 recipients, 3 had recurring hepatocellular carcinoma with lung and bone metastases, thyroid cancer, and Kaposi’s sarcoma after transplantation.

Conclusions.
The risk of disease transmission due to organ transplantation from donors with CNS tumors was very low. Thus, organ donation from such donors should be promoted actively to expand the donor range.
TerrestrialMetagenomeDB: a public repository of curated and standardized metadata for terrestrial metagenomes
Authors: Corrêa Felipe Borim , Saraiva João Pedro , Stadler Peter F. , da Rocha Ulisses Nunes 
Published: October 2019

ABSTRACTMicrobiome studies focused on the genetic potential of microbial communities (metagenomics) became standard within microbial ecology. MG-RAST and the Sequence Read Archive (SRA), the two main metagenome repositories, contain over 202 858 public available metagenomes and this number has increased exponentially. However, mining databases can be challenging due to misannotated, misleading and decentralized data. The main goal of TerrestrialMetagenomeDB is to make it easier for scientists to find terrestrial metagenomes of interest that could be compared with novel datasets in meta-analyses. We defined terrestrial metagenomes as those that do not belong to marine environments. Further, we curated the database using text mining to assign potential descriptive keywords that better contextualize environmental aspects of terrestrial metagenomes, such as biomes and materials. TerrestrialMetagenomeDB release 1.0 includes 15 194 terrestrial metagenomes from SRA and MG-RAST. Together, the downloadable data amounts to 68 Tbp. In total, 199 terrestrial terms were divided into 14 categories. These metagenomes span 84 countries, 31 biomes and 7 main source materials. The TerrestrialMetagenomeDB is publicly available at https://webapp.ufz.de/tmdb.