bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Regional Anesthesia: An Overview
Authors: Pincus Elizabeth 
Published: August 2019

AbstractAdvances in anesthesia techniques and guidance imaging have made regional anesthetics effective both for pain management and as a primary anesthesia modality for patients undergoing operative and other invasive procedures. Patients can receive regional anesthesia in most areas of the body, including the upper and lower extremities and torso. It is critical that perioperative nurses are familiar with regional anesthetic options and understand them well enough to support their patients in the preoperative, intraoperative, and postoperative phases of surgical care. They also should be familiar with the signs and symptoms of local anesthetic systemic toxicity and be prepared to help treat this condition as soon as indicated. Nurses play a pivotal role in ensuring patients are properly educated about regional anesthetics and remain safe throughout all phases of perioperative care.
Single bubble breakup in the flow field induced by a horizontal jet—The numerical simulation
Authors: Su Baiquan , Cao Jiaying , Huang Xiongbin , Cai Ziqi , Gao Zhengming 
Published: August 2019

AbstractBubble breakup is a common in the multiphase flow, and the breakup result will influence the performance of the gas–liquid reactor, in which liquid jetting is a typical way in breaking the bubble. In present work, based on the comparison with the experimental results, large eddy simulation and volume of fluid method are coupled to simulate processes of the deformation and breakup of a single bubble in the liquid jet flow. The trajectory of mother bubble, number of daughter bubbles, variation of bubble surface area, and the forces acting on the bubble surface were analyzed. It was found that the shear force at the bubble neck was significantly larger compared with that in the stage of undeformed, and the critical condition for bubble breakup was when the total turbulent pressure on bubble surface was greater than the surface force of bubble. Based on the velocity difference on the upstream and downstream of the bubble, a modified critical Weber number was proposed for a better description of the breakup condition of the single bubble in the liquid jet flow.
New 2,4‐disubstituted‐2‐thiopyrimidines as VEGFR‐2 inhibitors: Design, synthesis, and biological evaluation
Authors: Abdel‐Mohsen Heba T. , Girgis Adel S. , Mahmoud Abeer E. E. , Ali Mamdouh M. , El Diwani Hoda I. 
Published: August 2019

AbstractA new series of 2,4‐disubstituted‐2‐thiopyrimidines 6a–t, 9a, and 9b was efficiently designed and synthesized as antiangiogenic and cytotoxic agents. Compounds 6j, 6l, and 6d showed IC50 values of 1.23, 3.78, and 3.84 μM, respectively, against the vascular endothelial growth factor receptor‐2 (VEGFR‐2). Most of the synthesized 2‐thiouracils showed antiproliferative activity against the HepG2 cell line (hepatocellular carcinoma) in the micromolar range, for instance, 9b, 6l, 6m, 6n, and 6j displayed IC50 = 7.92, 8.35, 8.51, 9.59, and 13.06 μM, respectively, relative to sorafenib (III; IC50 = 10.99 μM). Also, compounds 6j, 9a, 6m, and 6s (IC50 = 15.21, 16.96, 17.68, and 18.15 μM, respectively) are the most potent compounds against the UO‐31 cell line. Further evaluation of the effect of the synthesized candidates on VEGFR‐2 in the HepG2 cell line demonstrated that compounds 6j and 6l exhibit VEGFR‐2 inhibitory activity of 87% and 84%, respectively, relative to sorafenib (III; 92%). In silico docking of the synthesized hits into the binding site of VEGFR‐2 showed their ability to perform the main binding interactions with the key amino acids in the binding site. Studying the in silico predicted ADME (absorption, distribution, metabolism, and excretion) parameters for the synthesized thiouracils demonstrated that they have favorable pharmacokinetic and drug‐likeness properties. These results demonstrate that the 2,4‐disubstituted thiouracils 6 and 9 have not only favorable antiangiogenic and antiproliferative activity but also satisfy the criteria required for the development of orally bioavailable drugs. Consequently, they represent a biologically active scaffold that should be further optimized for future discovery of potential hits.
Role of Interferon‐γ–Producing Th1 Cells in a Murine Model of Type I Interferon–Independent Autoinflammation Resulting From DNase II Deficiency
Authors: Pawaria Sudesh , Nündel Kerstin , Gao Kevin M. , Moses Stephanie , Busto Patricia , Holt Kevin , Sharma Rohit B. , Brehm Michael A. , Gravallese Ellen M. , Socolovsky Merav , Christ Anette , Marshak‐Rothstein Ann 
Published: August 2019

ObjectivePatients with hypomorphic mutations in DNase II develop a severe and debilitating autoinflammatory disease. This study was undertaken to compare the disease parameters in these patients to those in a murine model of DNase II deficiency, and to evaluate the role of specific nucleic acid sensors and identify the cell types responsible for driving the autoinflammatory response.MethodsTo avoid embryonic death, Dnase2−/− mice were intercrossed with mice that lacked the type I interferon (IFN) receptor (Ifnar−/−). The hematologic changes and immune status of these mice were evaluated using complete blood cell counts, flow cytometry, serum cytokine enzyme‐linked immunosorbent assays, and liver histology. Effector cell activity was determined by transferring T cells from Dnase2−/− × Ifnar−/− double‐knockout (DKO) mice into Rag1−/− mice, and 4 weeks after cell transfer, induced changes were assessed in the recipient mice.ResultsIn Dnase2−/− × Ifnar−/− DKO mice, many of the disease features found in DNase II–deficient patients were recapitulated, including cytopenia, extramedullary hematopoiesis, and liver fibrosis. Dnase2+/+ × Rag1−/− mice (n > 22) developed a hematologic disorder that was attributed to the transfer of an unusual IFNγ‐producing T cell subset from the spleens of donor Dnase2−/− × Ifnar−/− DKO mice. Autoinflammation in this murine model did not depend on the stimulator of IFN genes (STING) pathway but was highly dependent on the chaperone protein Unc93B1.ConclusionDnase2−/− × Ifnar−/− DKO mice may be a valid model for exploring the innate and adaptive immune mechanisms responsible for the autoinflammation similar to that seen in DNASE2‐hypomorphic patients. In this murine model, IFNγ is required for T cell activation and the development of clinical manifestations. The role of IFNγ in DNASE2‐deficient patient populations remains to be determined, but the ability of Dnase2−/− mouse T cells to transfer disease to Rag1−/− mice suggests that T cells may be a relevant therapeutic target in patients with IFN‐related systemic autoinflammatory diseases.
Base‐Mediated O‐Arylation of Alcohols and Phenols by Triarylsulfonium Triflates
Authors: Ming Xiao‐Xia , Tian Ze‐Yu , Zhang Cheng‐Pan 
Published: August 2019

AbstractA mild and efficient protocol for O‐arylation of alcohols and phenols (ROH) by triarylsulfonium triflates was developed under transition‐metal‐free conditions. Various alcohols, including primary, secondary and tertiary, and phenols bearing either electron‐donating or electron‐withdrawing groups on the aryl rings were smoothly converted to form the corresponding aromatic ethers in moderate to excellent yields. The reactions were conducted at 50 or 80 °C for 24 h in the presence of a certain base and showed good functional group tolerance. The base‐mediated arylation with asymmetric triarylsulfonium salts could selectively transfer the aryl groups of sulfoniums to ROH, depending on their inherent electronic nature. The mechanistic studies revealed that the reaction might proceed through the nucleophilic attack of the in situ formed alkoxy or phenoxy anions at the aromatic carbon atoms of the C−S bonds of triarylsulfonium cations to furnish the target products.
Possible combined effect of El Niño–Southern Oscillation and Pacific Decadal Oscillation on Korea affecting tropical cyclone passage frequency
Authors: Choi Jae‐Won , Kim Hae‐Dong 
Published: August 2019

AbstractThis study found that the passage frequency of tropical cyclones (TCs) affecting Korea has had negative correlations with the Pacific Decadal Oscillation (PDO) and the El Niño–Southern Oscillation (ENSO) since the early 1980s. To examine the actual combined effects of PDO and ENSO on the passage frequency of TCs affecting Korea, the positive PDO and ENSO years for 9 years and the negative PDO and ENSO years for 9 years were selected during the periods of 1951–1981 (pre‐1981) and 1982–2012 (post‐1981), and then the average difference between these two phases was analyzed. An analysis of anomalous stream flows at 500 hPa showed the formation of anomalous cyclonic circulations in an east‐to‐west direction from East Asia to the North Pacific both in the pre‐1981 and post‐1981 periods in the positive PDO and ENSO years. However, the anomalous cyclones in East Asia were stronger in the pre‐1981 period, whereas the anomalous cyclones in the North Pacific were stronger in the post‐1981 period. Consequently, China, Korea and the west of Japan were affected by strong anomalous northerlies in the pre‐1981 period, and the TC passage frequency was lower in these regions as a result. In the post‐1981 period, these countries were affected by anomalous northwesterlies or anomalous westerlies.
Recent Development of Aprotic Na‐O2 Batteries
Authors: Zhao Shuo , Qin Bin , Chan Kwong‐Yu , Li Chi‐Ying Vanessa , Li Fujun 
Published: August 2019

AbstractInvited for this month's cover picture is the group of Prof. Li from Key Laboratory of Advanced Energy Materials Chemistry (Ministry of Education) of Nankai University and Prof. Chan from Department of Chemistry of University of Hong Kong. The cover picture illustrates a promising aprotic Na‐O2 battery with a Na metal anode, a porous oxygen diffusion cathode, and discharge product of NaO2. Read the full text of the Review at 10.1002/batt.201900015.
Flow‐injection determination of manganese (II) using surfactant enhanced diperiodatonickelate (IV)‐rhodamine 6G chemiluminescence
Authors: Asghar Muhammad , Yaqoob Mohammad , Siddiqui Masood Ahmed , Munawar Nusrat , Waseem Amir , Nabi Abdul 
Published: August 2019

AbstractChemiluminescence (CL) of the rhodamine 6‐G‐diperiodatonickelate (IV) (Rh6‐G‐Ni(IV) complex) in the presence of Brij‐35 was examined in an alkaline medium and implemented using flow‐injection analysis to analyze Mn(II) in natural waters. Brij‐35 was identified as the surfactant of choice that enhanced CL intensity by about 62% of the reaction. The calibration curves were linear in the range 1.7 × 10−3 – 0.2 (0.9990, n = 7) and 8.0 × 10−4 – 0.1 μg ml−1 (0.9990, n = 7) with limits of detection (LODs) (S:N = 3) of 5.0 × 10−4 and 2.4 × 10−4 μg ml−1 without and with using an in‐line 8‐hydroxyquinoline (8‐HQ) resin mini‐column, respectively. The sample throughput and relative standard deviation were 200 h−1 and 1.7–2.2% in the range studied respectively. Mn(II) concentrations in certified reference materials and natural water samples was successfully determined. A brief discussion about the possible CL reaction mechanism is also given. In addition, analysis of V(III), Cr(III) and Fe(II) was also performed without and with using an in‐line 8–HQ column and selective elution of each metal ion was achieved by adjusting the pH of the sample carrier stream with aqueous HCl solution.
Nanostructured Antimicrobials in Food Packaging—Recent Advances
Authors: Azeredo Henriette M. C. , Otoni Caio G. , Corrêa Daniel S. , Assis Odílio B. G. , de Moura Márcia R. , Mattoso Luiz Henrique C. 
Published: August 2019

AbstractActive food packaging systems promote better food quality and/or stability, such as by releasing antimicrobial agents into food. Advantages of adding antimicrobials to the packaging material instead of into the bulk food include controlled diffusion, reduced antimicrobial contents, and improved cost effectiveness. Nanostructured antimicrobials are especially effective due to their high specific surface area. The present review is focused on recent advances and findings on the main nanostructured antimicrobial packaging systems for food packaging purposes. Several kinds of nanostructures, including both inorganic particles and organic structures, have been proven effective antimicrobials by different mechanisms of action and with different application scopes. Moreover, there are systems containing nanocarriers to protect antimicrobials and deliver them in a controlled fashion. On the other hand, scientific data about migration of nanostructures onto food and their toxicity are still limited, requiring special attention from researchers and regulation sectors.
Glucose‐6‐Phosphate Dehydrogenase from the Oleaginous Microalga Nannochloropsis Uncovers Its Potential Role in Promoting Lipogenesis
Authors: Xue Jiao , Chen Ting‐Ting , Zheng Jian‐Wei , Balamurugan Srinivasan , Liu Yu‐Hong , Yang Wei‐Dong , Liu Jie‐Sheng , Li Hong‐Ye 
Published: August 2019

AbstractMicroalgae have long been considered as potential biological feedstock for the production of wide array of bioproducts, such as biofuel feedstock because of their lipid accumulating capability. However, lipid productivity of microalgae is still far below commercial viability. Here, a glucose‐6‐phosphate dehydrogenase from the oleaginous microalga Nannochloropsis oceanica is identified and heterologously expressed in the green microalga Chlorella pyrenoidosa to characterize its function in the pentose phosphate pathway. It is found that the G6PD enzyme activity toward NADPH production is increased by 2.19‐fold in engineered microalgal strains. Lipidomic analysis reveals up to 3.09‐fold increase of neutral lipid content in the engineered strains, and lipid yield is gradually increased throughout the cultivation phase and saturated at the stationary phase. Moreover, cellular physiological characteristics including photosynthesis and growth rate are not impaired. Collectively, these results reveal the pivotal role of glucose‐6‐phosphate dehydrogenase from N. oceanica in NADPH supply, demonstrating that provision of reducing power is crucial for microalgal lipogenesis and can be a potential target for metabolic engineering.
Enrichment of HDL proteome and phospholipidome from human serum via IMAC/MOAC affinity
Authors: Javeed Rabia , Hussain Dilshad , Jabeen Fahmida , Saeed Adeela , Fatima Batool , Ashiq Muhammad Naeem , Najam‐ul‐Haq Muhammad 
Published: August 2019

AbstractHigh‐density lipoproteins (HDLs) have anti‐inflammatory and antioxidant properties and are potentially cardio‐protective. Defective HDL function is caused by alterations in both the proteome and lipidome of HDL particles. As potential biomarkers, the development of analytical methods is necessary for the enrichment of HDLs. Therefore, a method for selective enrichment of HDLs using immobilized metal ion affinity chromatography (IMAC) and metal oxide affinity chromatography (MOAC) is presented. SPE‐based isolation of HDLs from whole serum is adopted as an alternative to traditional ultracentrifugation methods followed by SDS–PAGE. The enrichment mechanism relies on isoelectric points of lipoproteins and metal oxide. Negatively charged lipoprotein particles interact with positively charged metal oxides and IMAC affinity, which acts as a cation. Identified proteins from HDL through MALDI–MS analysis are apo AI, AII, AIV, CI, CIII, E, J, M, H, serum amyloid A and other nonapoproteins that are part of HDL particles and perform cellular functions. This serum‐based proteomics approach gives insight into the functional role of HDL. HDL‐associated phospholipids have also been analyzed by LDI–MS. Results suggest that the adopted analytical strategy is a feasible idea to extract lipoproteins from serum. A comparative study of healthy and diseased samples using this approach will provide valuable information in future.
miR‐124‐3p availability is antagonized by LncRNA‐MALAT1 for Slug‐induced tumor metastasis in hepatocellular carcinoma
Authors: Cui Rong‐Jun , Fan Jia‐Lin , Lin Yu‐Cui , Pan Yu‐Jia , Liu Chi , Wan Jia‐Hui , Wang Wei , Jiang Zheng‐Yuan , Zheng Xiu‐Lan , Tang Jie‐Bing , Yu Xiao‐Guang 
Published: August 2019

AbstractBackgroundAs an oncogene, long noncoding RNA metastasis‐associated lung adenocarcinoma transcript 1 (MALAT1) can promote tumor metastasis. Hyperexpression of MALAT1 has been observed in many malignant tumors, including hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). However, the role and mechanism of MALAT1 in HCC remain unclear.MethodsThirty human HCC and paracancerous tissue specimens were collected, and the human hepatoma cell lines Huh7 and HepG2 were cultured according to standard methods. MALAT1 and Snail family zinc finger (Slug) expression were measured by real‐time PCR, immunohistochemistry, and western blotting. Luciferase reporter assay and RNA immunoprecipitation (RIP) assay verified the direct interaction between miR‐124‐3p and Slug(SNAI2) or MALAT1. Wound healing and transwell assays were performed to examine invasion and migration, and a subcutaneous tumor model was established to measure tumor progression in vivo.ResultsMALAT1 expression was upregulated in HCC tissues and positively correlated with Slug expression. MALAT1 and miR‐124‐3p bind directly and reversibly to each other. MALAT1 silencing inhibited cell migration and invasion. miR‐124‐3p inhibited HCC metastasis by targeting Slug.ConclusionsMALAT1 regulates Slug through miR‐124‐3p, affecting HCC cell metastasis. Thus, the MALAT1/miR‐124‐3p/Slug axis plays an important role in HCC.
Essential Oil Compositions and Antibacterial and Antioxidant Activities of Five Lavandula stoechas Cultivars Grown in Thailand
Authors: Insawang Suchawadee , Pripdeevech Patcharee , Tanapichatsakul Chutima , Khruengsai Sarunpron , Monggoot Sakon , Nakham Thanawut , Artrod Angkana , D'Souza Priya E. , Panuwet Parinya 
Published: August 2019

AbstractThe essential oils of five Lavandula stoechas cultivars grown in Thailand were characterized for their volatile compounds using GC‐FID and GC/MS methods as well as screened for antibacterial and antioxidant activities. Dried aerial parts, including flowers and stems from each cultivar, were subjected to hydrodistillation for 4 h. The essential oil yields were 0.18 %–0.82 % w/w. Of the 95 compounds detected and identified, 1,8‐cineole, fenchone, and camphor were considered the major compounds. Essential oil from each cultivar demonstrated different patterns of antibacterial activity and a variety of antioxidant properties. The highest antibacterial activity, MIC=0.39 mg mL−1, was observed from the essential oil of L. stoechas ‘major’ (against Klebsiella pneumoniae and Salmonella typhimurium) and the essential oil of L. stoechas ‘white lavender’ (against S. typhimurium). The essential oil of L. stoechas×viridis ‘St. Brelade’ possessed the highest antioxidant capacity, as determined by the DPPH and ABTS assays (IC50 of 67.65 and 89.26 mg mL−1, respectively). The results indicated that some of these essential oils could be used as key ingredients in lavender oil products in Thailand to increase their therapeutic efficacy, depending on their intended application.
Satisfactory short‐term outcome after anlotinib and docetaxel chemotherapy in tongue cancer with N3 cervical lymph node metastasis: A case report
Authors: Deng Yi , Zhong Zhao‐Yang , Tan Xiao‐Rong , Wang Shuai , Qian Kai 
Published: August 2019

AbstractPatients with tongue squamous cell carcinoma (TSCC) and cervical lymph node metastasis are particularly difficult to treat. This is the first report of about anlotinib combined with docetaxel chemotherapy for chemotherapy‐refractory TSCC with cervical lymph node metastasis, may provide a new, suitable therapeutic option for these patients.
The Generalized Caffarelli‐Kohn‐Nirenberg Theorem for the Hyperdissipative Navier‐Stokes System
Authors: Colombo Maria , De Lellis Camillo , Massaccesi Annalisa 
Published: August 2019

AbstractWe introduce a notion of suitable weak solutions of the hyperdissipative Navier‐Stokes equations, and we achieve a corresponding extension of the regularity theory of Caffarelli‐Kohn‐Nirenberg. © 2019 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Is the corporate social responsibility–innovation link homogeneous?: Looking for sustainable innovation in the Spanish context
Authors: García‐Piqueres Gema , García‐Ramos Rebeca 
Published: August 2019

AbstractThis study examines if the relationship between corporate social responsibility (CSR) and innovation is homogeneous or depends on the type of CSR practice and/or the type of innovation. The paper focuses on the three dimensions of the “three bottom line” of CSR (economic, social, and environmental) and on the so‐called “fateful triangle” of innovation, which together with studied product and process innovation types also considers organizational innovation. The theoretical framework is based on the resource‐based view and the knowledge‐based view approaches. In analysing sustainable innovation in the Spanish context, we look at a set of firms taking data for the 2009–2014 Spanish Community Innovation Survey. The empirical study uses random effect probit panel data methodology. The results show that, although the positive effect of CSR on innovation is confirmed for the majority of the cases, there are differences depending on the innovation type and the CSR dimension.
Cis‐control of Six1 expression in neural crest cells during craniofacial development
Authors: Wu Zhaoming , Rao Yanxia , Zhang Sushan , Kim Eun‐Jung , Oki Shinya , Harada Hidemitsu , Cheung Martin , Jung Han‐Sung 
Published: August 2019

AbstractBackgroundSix1 is a transcriptional factor that plays an important role in embryonic development. Mouse and chick embryos deficient for Six1 have multiple craniofacial anomalies in the facial bones and cartilages. Multiple Six1 enhancers have been identified, but none of them has been reported to be active in the maxillary and mandibular process.ResultsWe studied two Six1 enhancers in the chick neural crest tissues during craniofacial development. We showed that two evolutionarily conserved enhancers, Six1E1 and Six1E2, act synergistically. Neither Six1E1 nor Six1E2 alone can drive enhancer reporter signal in the maxillary or mandibular processes. However, their combination, Six1E, showed robust enhancer activity in these tissues. Similar reporter signal can also be driven by the mouse homolog of Six1E. Mutations of multiple conserved transcriptional factor binding sites altered the enhancer activity of Six1E, especially mutation of the LIM homeobox binding site, dramatically reduced the enhancer activity, implying that the Lhx protein family be an important regulator of Six1 expression.ConclusionThis study, for the first time, described the synergistic activation of two Six1 enhancers in the maxillary and mandibular processes and will facilitate more detailed studies of the regulation of Six1 in craniofacial development.