bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Atención de enfermería al preescolar con neumonía viral
Authors: Felipe-de la Cruz Yudith 
Published: August 2019

La neumonía es la principal causante de morbimortalidad en niños menores de 5 años. El presente estudio expone el caso de una preescolar de dos años que presentó dificultad respiratoria, ventilando con apoyo de oxígeno por Cánula binasal a 3Lts con un FiO2 de 32% con SatO2 99%, frecuencia respiratoria de 48 por minuto, se observó tiraje intercostal, presencia de estertores a la auscultación en ambos campos pulmonares, presento piel caliente y mejillas ruborizadas con 38.7°C. Después de la valoración del caso se realizó la planificación de cuidados de enfermería, para ello se plantearon cuatro diagnósticos reales “Patrón respiratorio ineficaz”, “Hipertermia”, “Limpieza ineficaz de las vías aéreas” y “Ansiedad del niño”. Se efectuó el plan de cuidados durante los primeros días de hospitalización de la preescolar usando el modelo de valoración de los 13 dominios seleccionando los aspectos positivos y negativos de la Taxonomía II de NANDA-I y la clasificación de diagnósticos, intervenciones y resultados de la Taxonomía II. Se concluyó que a través del plan de cuidados de enfermería se logró la recuperación del patrón respiratorio, la hipertermia y la limpieza ineficaz de las vías aéreas, asimismo se consiguió disminuir la ansiedad del niño.
Eficacia de un programa psicoeducativo para prevenir el abuso sexual en menores de educación primaria
Authors: Alvarez-Apaza Rosmery , Machaca-Mamani Ada , Mamani-Benito Oscar 
Published: August 2019

Objetivo: determinar la eficacia de un programa psicoeducativo para incrementar conocimientos y habilidades de prevención contra el abuso sexual en menores de edad. Materiales y métodos: estudio cuasi-experimental con grupo control, con evaluación pre y post intervención. Los participantes pertenecen a grupos intactos, tomados de una institución educativa estatal de nivel primario en la ciudad de Puno-Perú; estos, fueron elegidos mediante un muestreo intencional con criterios de inclusión y exclusión. El grupo experimental estuvo conformado por 25 niños(as), quienes recibieron 10 sesiones psicoeducativas en base el Programa de prevención Mi Sol propuesto por UNICEF, en cambio, el grupo control estuvo conformado por 24 niños(as) y ninguno recibió intervención. Para evaluar la eficacia del programa, se procedió a utilizar un cuestionario sobre conocimientos acerca del abuso sexual, el cual fue validado por criterio de expertos. El análisis estadístico se realizó con la prueba no paramétrica U de Mann -Whitney. Resultados: se evidencian diferencias entre las puntuaciones de la media, antes (75,80) y después (90,84) de la intervención en el grupo experimental, en cambio, en el grupo control se observa un ligero incremento entre las puntuaciones obtenidas en el pre-test (64,95) y el post-test (66,79). Estos resultados según los estadísticos de prueba para el grupo experimental vienen a ser estadísticamente significativos (p=0,000), mas no, para el grupo control (p=0,309). Conclusión: el programa psicoeducativo demostró su eficacia al lograr incrementar factores protectores, como son los conocimientos y habilidades de prevención, contra abuso sexual en menores de educación primaria.
Involucramiento y autonomía del apoyo parental percibido asociado al rendimiento académico en escolares
Authors: Ventocilla-Aquino Angie 
Published: August 2019

Objetivo: determinar la relación entre el apoyo parental percibido y el rendimiento académico en estudiantes de nivel primaria. Materiales y métodos: el enfoque fue cuantitativo, alcance correlacional, corte transversal. La muestra estuvo conformada por 200 estudiantes seleccionados a través de un muestreo no probabilístico intencional. Así mismo se uso del Children Parental Perception Scale (CPPS) y la técnica de análisis documental. Para el análisis inferencial se utilizaron Chi Cuadrado, T-Student, Anova y Pearson con un nivel de significancia menor o igual a 0.05. Resultados: se evidenció que el promedio más alto corresponde a la involucración y el apoyo a la autonomía paternal. Respecto al rendimiento académico, en su mayoría los estudiantes alcanzaron la calificación de logrado (A) en las áreas de comunicación (90%), matemática (87%) y ciencias (97%). Así mismo, se encontraron asociaciones estadísticamente significativas entre el apoyo parental y el rendimiento académico en todas sus dimensiones; la edad se relacionó con la autonomía paternal (p=0.00) y maternal (p=0.00); el grado escolar con la autonomía paternal (p=0.01) y maternal (p=0.02), el área de comunicación y el grado escolar (p=0.04) y finalmente, el área de ciencias con el tipo de familia (p=0.04). Conclusiones: el apoyo parental percibido de los estudiantes se asocia con el rendimiento académico. En efecto, si los padres participan y promueven la autonomía para que el menor realice sus actividades escolares, esto se verá reflejado positivamente en su rendimiento académico y desarrollo psicosocial.
Conocimientos y actitudes sobre el cuidado humanizado en enfermeras de Lima
Authors: Arriaga-García Amabilia , Obregón-De La Torre Martha 
Published: August 2019

Objetivo: determinar la asociación entre conocimientos y actitudes del cuidado humanizado en enfermeros de hospitales de Lima, 2018. Materiales y métodos: El estudio fue no experimental descriptivo correlacional de corte transversal. La población estuvo conformada por 80 licenciados en enfermería de dos hospitales de Lima que laboraron en los servicios de hospitalización adultos. Las variables que se tomaron en cuenta fueron los conocimientos y las actitudes sobre el cuidado humanizado en enfermeros medidas por cuestionarios autodirigidos. Asimismo, se consideraron otras variables sociodemográficas y laborales. Se emplearon análisis univariados y bivariados con la prueba de Chi-cuadrado y t de Student. Resultados: la media del conocimiento sobre cuidado humanizado de enfermeros fue 6.3 y el 60% tuvieron una actitud negativa. Además, se asociaron los conocimientos y la actitudes sobre el cuidado humanizado en enfermeras (p=0.04). Asimismo, los factores que se asociaron al conocimiento sobre cuidado humanizado fueron el sexo y la docencia. Por otro lado, los factores que se asociaron con las actitudes sobre cuidado humanizado fueron la religión, la docencia y la condición laboral. Conclusiones: los enfermeros tienen un promedio medio de conocimientos sobre cuidado humanizado y una actitud negativa sobre el mismo. Los conocimientos están asociados con las actitudes sobre cuidado humanizado de los enfermeros. Frente a estos hallazgos, es necesario que se fomente y brinde un cuidado de calidad al paciente por parte del profesional de enfermería y que se tomen en cuenta los factores que estén relacionados con el mismo.
Cuidados de enfemería en una madre de lactante con pie bot bilateral: fomentando el bienestar psicoespiritual
Authors: Obregon-De La Torre Martha , Arriaga-García Amabilia , Morales-Quiroz Kattia 
Published: August 2019

El impacto de la noticia de tener un hijo con alguna malformación o discapacidad puede desencadenar en las madres problemas que afectan tanto su salud psicológica como espiritual. Estos problemas aumentan cuando los padres desconocen la enfermedad o no tienen los recursos necesarios para sobrellevar esta situación. El presente reporte de caso se trata de una madre de 40 años de edad que sufre y manifiesta vergüenza, ya que su hija presenta pie bot bilateral, acondroplasia y paladar hendido. Se aplicó el modelo de los 13 dominios para la valoración según los aspectos positivos y negativos de la taxonomía NANDA, en la cual se prioriza cuatro diagnósticos: Sufrimiento espiritual, Impotencia, Afrontamiento ineficaz y Conocimientos deficientes. Teniendo en cuenta los diagnósticos se decidió hacer un plan de cuidados de enfermería fomentando el bienestar psicoespiritual. Al finalizar el proceso se observó una ligera mejoría en el bienestar psicoespiritual. Se debe tomar en cuenta que para mejorar estos aspectos de la madre se necesitan de más intervenciones y acompañamientos e incluso de una derivación a especialista correspondiente. Se destaca que el enfermero es clave para identificar estos aspectos en las personas, ya que muchas veces es el primer contacto con las mismas en un establecimiento de salud. Con el reporte se evidencia que su labor también implica fomentar el bienestar psicoespiritual.
Revisiting the Fe xvii Line Emission Problem: Laboratory Measurements of the 3s–2p and 3d–2p Line-formation Channels
Authors: Shah Chintan , López-Urrutia José R. Crespo , Gu Ming Feng , Pfeifer Thomas , Marques José , Grilo Filipe , Santos José Paulo , Amaro Pedro 
Published: August 2019

Abstract
We determined relative X-ray photon emission cross sections in Fe xvii ions that were mono-energetically excited in an electron beam ion trap. Line formation for the 3s (3s−2p) and 3d (3d−2p) transitions of interest proceeds through dielectronic recombination (DR), direct electron-impact excitation (DE), resonant excitation (RE), and radiative cascades. By reducing the electron-energy spread to a sixth of that of previous works and increasing counting statistics by three orders of magnitude, we account for hitherto unresolved contributions from DR and the little-studied RE process to the 3d transitions, and also for cascade population of the 3s line manifold through forbidden states. We found good agreement with state-of-the-art many-body perturbation theory (MBPT) and the distorted-wave (DW) method for the 3s transition, while in the 3d transitions known discrepancies were confirmed. Our results show that DW calculations overestimate the 3d line emission due to DE by ∼20%. Inclusion of electron-electron correlation effects through the MBPT method in the DE cross-section calculations reduces this disagreement by ∼11%. The remaining ∼9% in 3d and ∼11% in 3s/3d discrepancies are consistent with those found in previous laboratory measurements, solar, and astrophysical observations. Meanwhile, spectral models of opacity, temperature, and turbulence velocity should be adjusted to these experimental cross sections to optimize the accuracy of plasma diagnostics based on these bright soft X-ray lines of Fe xvii.
Rotation Period Evolution in Low-mass Binary Stars: The Impact of Tidal Torques and Magnetic Braking
Authors: Fleming David P. , Barnes Rory , Davenport James R. A. , Luger Rodrigo 
Published: August 2019

Abstract
We examine how tides, stellar evolution, and magnetic braking shape the rotation period (P
rot) evolution of low-mass stellar binaries up to orbital periods (P
orb) of 100 days across a wide range of tidal dissipation parameters using two common equilibrium tidal models. We find that many binaries with P
orb ≲ 20 days tidally lock, and most with P
orb ≲ 4 days tidally lock into synchronous rotation on circularized orbits. At short P
orb, tidal torques produce a population of fast rotators that single-star-only models of magnetic braking fail to produce. In many cases, we show that the competition between magnetic braking and tides produces a population of subsynchronous rotators that persists for 1 Gyr, even in short-P
orb binaries, qualitatively reproducing the subsynchronous eclipsing binaries discovered in the Kepler field by Lurie et al. Both equilibrium tidal models predict that binaries can tidally interact out to P
orb ≈ 80 days, while the constant phase lag tidal model predicts that binaries can tidally lock out to P
orb ≈ 100 days. Tidal torques often force the P
rot evolution of stellar binaries to depart from the long-term magnetic-braking-driven spin-down experienced by single stars, revealing that P
rot is not a valid proxy for age in all cases, i.e., gyrochronology can underpredict ages by up to 300% unless one accounts for binarity. We suggest that accurate determinations of orbital eccentricties and P
rot can be used to discriminate between which equilibrium tidal models best describe tidal interactions in low-mass binary stars.
Acute hamstring injuries in rugby players: The influence of positioning during ice therapy on muscle length
Authors: Becker C. , Rayner D. , Van Zyl L. , Walters E. , Malherbe C. P. 
Published: August 2019

The effect on muscle length of positioning with ice application to acute hamstring injuries in rugby players was examined. Ice was applied with the hamstring muscle group in either the lengthened or the shortened position. Players with grade I or II hamstring injuries were randomly allocated (via the randomized block method) to the different treatment methods. The active hamstring length of the injured leg was measured by means of knee extension before and after treatment on days 1, 2 and 3 post-injury. The uninjured leg was measured on days 1 and 3.The discussion of results covered only the clinical observations since the experimental group was too small for statistical analysis.
The International Literature on Teaching Faculty Development in English-Language Journals: A Scoping Review and Recommendations for Core Topics
Authors: Philibert Ingrid , Konopasek Lyuba , Riddle Janet 
Published: August 2019

ABSTRACTBackgroundWith increasing physician mobility, there is interest in how medical schools and postgraduate medical education institutions across the world develop and maintain the competence of medical teachers. Published reviews of faculty development (FD) have predominantly included studies from the United States and Canada.ObjectiveWe synthesized the international FD literature (beyond the US and Canada), focusing on FD type, intended audience, study format, effectiveness, differences among countries, and potential unique features.MethodsWe identified English-language publications that addressed FD for medical faculty for teaching and related activities, excluding US and Canadian publications.ResultsA search of 4 databases identified 149 publications, including 83 intervention studies. There was significant growth in international FD publications for the most recent decade, and a sizable number of studies were from developing economies and/or resulted from international collaborations. Focal areas echo those in earlier published reviews, suggesting the international FD literature addresses similar faculty needs and organizational concerns.ConclusionsThe growth in publications in recent years and a higher proportion of reporting on participant reactions, coupled with less frequent reporting of results, transfer to practice, and impact on learners and the organization, suggest this is an evolving field. To enhance international FD, educators and researchers should focus on addressing common needs expressed by faculty, including curriculum design and evaluation, small group teaching, assessing professionalism and providing feedback. Future research should focus on approaches for developing comprehensive institutional FD programs that include communities of learning and practice and evaluating their impact.
Políticas de retomada de línguas indígenas em diferentes contextos epistêmicos
Authors: Pimentel da Silva Maria do Socorro 
Published: August 2019

As temáticas que compõem este artigo refletem os resultados das pesquisas realizadas para o projeto Impactos dos Usos das Línguas Indígenas na Formação de Professores Indígenas no Curso de Licenciatura Intercultural de Formação Superior de Professores Indígenas. Os resultados desse estudo estão contribuindo para a implementação de políticas de valorização dessas línguas na escola e seu fortalecimento nas comunidades indígenas. A partir dessas ideias, é possível propor mudanças pedagógicas, transformando a prática educativa bilíngue em uma ação efetiva para que o ensino consiga transpor as dimensões do espaço escolar, possibilitando uma articulação, tanto com a cosmovisão de cada povo indígena, quanto com as demandas contemporâneas interculturais.
ESTUDO COMPARATIVO ENTRE AS EQUAÇÕES EMPÍRICAS E O MÉTODO DA VELOCIDADE NA ESTIMATIVA DO TEMPO DE CONCENTRAÇÃO
Authors: Menezes Filho Frederico Carlos Martins de , Sá Rafael Alan de 
Published: August 2019

RESUMO: Tão importante para projetos hidrológicos, a estimativa do tempo de concentração (tc) é realizada pela utilização de equações empíricas obtidas em estudos internacionais; desconsiderando-se, muitas vezes, os limites de aplicabilidade a que foram propostas. Não obstante, observa-se a não utilização do método da velocidade do Natural Resources Conservation Service (NRCS), o mais recomendado para a estimativa do referido tempo em bacias urbanas. Deste modo, o presente artigo objetivou analisar qual a estimativa de “tc”, utilizando equações empíricas versus a adoção do método da velocidade, resulta no melhor ajuste de projeto. Para tal, compararam-se os valores obtidos entre os métodos por meio da construção de 168 cenários hipotéticos oriundos da combinação entre parâmetros como a declividade, a extensão do escoamento natural; do escoamento em canais rasos revestidos e do escoamento em canais artificiais. Calculou-se, então, para todos cenários, a vazão de projeto pelo Método Racional. Pela discrepância dos valores obtidos para os tempos de concentração e vazões entre as equações e o método da velocidade, ressalta-se a importância do levantamento em campo da bacia em estudo, bem como do conhecimento das faixas de aplicação de equações empíricas. Verificou-se que a influência das extensões de escoamentos em trechos naturais ou definidos, afetará sobremaneira nas vazões de projeto calculadas; demonstrando a importância da definição do método mais apropriado pelo projetista.
Paranoia and conspiracy: group cohesion increases harmful intent attribution in the Trust Game
Authors: Greenburgh Anna , Bell Vaughan , Raihani Nichola 
Published: August 2019

Current theories argue that hyper-sensitisation of social threat perception is central to paranoia. Affected people often also report misperceptions of group cohesion (conspiracy) but little is known about the cognitive mechanisms underpinning this conspiracy thinking in live interactions. In a pre-registered experimental study, we used a large-scale game theory approach (N > 1,000) to test whether the social cohesion of an opposing group affects paranoid attributions in a mixed online and lab-based sample. Participants spanning the full population distribution of paranoia played as proposers in a modified Trust Game: they were allocated a bonus and chose how much money to send to a pair of responders which was quadrupled before reaching these responders. Responders decided how much to return to the proposers through the same process. Participants played in one of two conditions: against a cohesive group who communicated and arrived at a joint decision, or a non-cohesive group who made independent decisions. After the exchange, proposers rated the extent to which the responders’ decisions were driven by (i) self-interest and (ii) intent to harm. Although the true motives are ambiguous, cohesive responders were reliably rated by participants as being more strongly motivated by intent to harm, indicating that group cohesion affects social threat perception. Highly paranoid participants attributed harmful intent more strongly overall but were equally reactive to social cohesion as other participants. This suggests that paranoia involves a generally lowered threshold for social threat detection but with an intact sensitivity for cohesion-related group characteristics.
Random allogeneic blood transfusion in pigs: characterisation of a novel experimental model
Authors: Ziebart Alexander , Schaefer Moritz M. , Thomas Rainer , Kamuf Jens , Garcia-Bardon Andreas , Möllmann Christian , Ruemmler Robert , Heid Florian , Schad Arno , Hartmann Erik K. 
Published: August 2019

BackgroundOrgan cross-talk describes interactions between a primary affected organ and a secondarily injured remote organ, particularly in lung-brain interactions. A common theory is the systemic distribution of inflammatory mediators that are released by the affected organ and transferred through the bloodstream. The present study characterises the baseline immunogenic effects of a novel experimental model of random allogeneic blood transfusion in pigs designed to analyse the role of the bloodstream in organ cross-talk.MethodsAfter approval of the State and Institutional Animal Care Committee, 20 anesthetized pig were randomized in a donor and an acceptor (eachn = 8): the acceptor animals each received high-volume whole blood transfusion from the donor (35–40 ml kg−1). Four animals received balanced electrolyte solution instead of blood transfusion (control group;n = 4). Afterwards the animals underwent extended cardiorespiratory monitoring for eight hours. Post mortem assessment included pulmonary, cerebral and systemic mediators of early inflammatory response (IL-6, TNF-alpha, iNOS), wet to dry ratio, and lung histology.ResultsNo adverse events or incompatibilities occurred during the blood transfusion procedures. Systemic cytokine levels and pulmonary function were unaffected. Lung histopathology scoring did not display relevant intergroup differences. Neither within the lung nor within the brain an up-regulation of inflammatory mediators was detected. High volume random allogeneic blood transfusion in pigs neither impaired pulmonary integrity nor induced systemic, lung, or brain inflammatory response.ConclusionThis approach can represent a novel experimental model to characterize the blood-bound transmission in remote organ injury.
Antimicrobial Resistance of Neisseria gonorrhoeae Isolated from Out Patients Presenting with Urethral and Vaginal Discharges at Mbarara Regional Referral Hospital
Authors: Owokuhaisa Judith , Bazira Joel 
Published: August 2019

Background: Gonococcus is one of the most common sexually transmitted diseases in developing countries and it has become a global health burden, hence a need for effective treatment. However, there is growing trend of antimicrobial resistant strains, in many parts of the world, to the previously effective antimicrobials thus creating serious health concerns.
Setting: Mbarara Regional Referral Hospital -South-Western Uganda.
Objectives: 1) To determine the prevalence of gonococcus among out patients presenting with urethral and vaginal discharges at MRRH.
2) To determine the level of antimicrobial resistance of gonococcus based on phenotypic methods at MRRH.
Design: The study was cross sectional and enrolled 189 participants presenting with urethral and vaginal discharges. The urethral and endo cervical swab samples collected were cultured on Chocolate media supplemented with 5%-10% carbondioxide in candle jar (inoculated plates were placed in a jar and a burning candle placed in the same jar, then closed, by the time the candle went off, that 5%-10% carbondioxide atmosphere would have been created). Isolates obtained were identified according to the laboratory standard operating procedures. Drug Sensitivity Test (DST) on confirmed Neisseria gonorrheae isolates was performed using the Kirby Bauer technique. The colonies of the test organism were emulsified in peptone water and then inoculated on prepared sterile chocolate agar and the following discs were applied to it (Ceftriaxone discs (30µg), Erythromycin (15ug), Ciprofloxacin (10ug) and Penicillin (10IU). The plates were incubated at 37°C for 24- 48 hours under 5% carbon dioxide atmospheres. The Zone of inhibition was seen around an antibiotic disc to which the organism was sensitive.
Results: Out of the 189 participants whose urethral swabs and Endo cervical swabs were cultured, 89 were positive cultures (47%), out of which 25 (28%) were found to have gonococcal infection, 64 (72%) patients had other micro-organisms. The prevalence of Neisseria Gonorrhoeae was 13%. In total, 4% of the isolates were resistant to Ceftriaxone, 28% to Ciprofloxacin, 68% to Erythromycin and 80% to Penicillin. A high percentage of resistance was observed against Penicillin (80%) and Erythromycin (68%).
Conclusion: Adults aged 18 years and above who present at Mbarara Regional Referral Hospital with urethral or vaginal discharges are more likely to have a Neisseria gonorrhoeae which is resistant to Penicillin and Erythromycin.