bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Induction of triacylglycerol synthesis in yeast by cell cycle arrest
Authors: Madeira Juliana B , Matos Gabriel S , Messias Laryssa S , Bozaquel-Morais Bruno L , Masuda Claudio A , Montero-Lomeli Monica 
Published: April 2019

ABSTRACT
In this study, we found that cell cycle arrest induced by alpha-factor mating pheromone (G1), hydroxyurea (S) or nocodazole (G2/M) was associated to increased lipid droplet (LD) content. To identify novel cell cycle genes involved in LD homeostasis, we screened a deletion library for strains with altered LD levels. Among the mutants related to mitotic cell cycle, we found 24 hits that displayed a significantly higher LD content. Ontology mapping showed that neither a biological process nor a specific cell cycle phase was enriched among the hits. We decided to further study the role of SWI4 on LD homeostasis as it is involved in G1/S transition, a stage where lipolysis is active. The high LD content of swi4Δ mutant was not due to inhibition of lipolysis, but due to an increase in triacylglycerol (TAG) synthesis. In addition, deletion of the AMP kinase gene SNF1 or inhibition of TORC1 activity, both known regulators of LD homeostasis, further increased the LD content of a swi4Δ mutant. These findings highlight a role of the cell cycle regulator SWI4 in the coordination of lipid metabolism which is independent of the TORC1 and SNF1/AMPK pathways.
Exploring the bidirectional associations between loneliness and cognitive functioning over 10 years: the English longitudinal study of ageing
Authors: Yin Jiamin , Lassale Camille , Steptoe Andrew , Cadar Dorina 
Published: April 2019

Abstract

Background
As the population ages, cognitive decline and dementia have become major health concerns in the UK. Loneliness has been linked to cognitive decline, but the reverse causality of this association remains unclear. This study aims to examine whether there is a bidirectional relationship between loneliness and cognitive function in older English adults (age 50 years and over) over a 10-year follow-up.

Methods
Data came from a nationally representative sample of 5885 participants in the English Longitudinal Study of Ageing (ELSA), free of stroke or dementia and followed every 2 years up to wave 7 (2014–15). At each wave, cognitive function was measured with word recall and verbal fluency tests, and loneliness was measured with the abridged version of the revised UCLA Loneliness Scale. Bivariate dual change score models were used to assess the multivariate associations between loneliness and cognitive function, used interchangeably as exposures and outcomes.

Results
Greater loneliness at baseline was associated with poorer memory [β intercept = −0.03, standard error (SE) = 0.01, P  =  0.016] and verbal fluency (β intercept = −0.01, SE  =  001, P =  0.027) at baseline, and with a stronger linear rate of decline in both memory (β linear slope = −0.07, SE  =  001, P  ≤ 0.001) and verbal fluency (β linear slope = −0.09, SE  =  0.03, P =  0.003) over a 10-year follow-up period, although the performance on verbal fluency did not change substantially on average over this period. We also found that higher baseline memory, but not verbal fluency, predicted a slower change in loneliness (β linear slope = −0.01, SE  =  001, P =  0.004) and that a linear decline in memory was associated with an acceleration in loneliness (β quadratic slope = −0.02, SE  =  001, P  ≤ 0.001) during follow-up.

Conclusions
Higher loneliness is associated with poorer cognitive function at baseline and contributes to a worsening in memory and verbal fluency over a decade. These factors seem, however, to be partially intertwined, since baseline memory and its rate of decline also contribute to an increase in loneliness over time.
Finite Symmetric Integral Tensor Categories with the Chevalley Property with an Appendix by Kevin Coulembier and Pavel Etingof
Authors: Etingof Pavel , Gelaki Shlomo 
Published: April 2019

AbstractWe prove that every finite symmetric integral tensor category $\mathcal{C}$ with the Chevalley property over an algebraically closed field $k$ of characteristic $p&gt;2$ admits a symmetric fiber functor to the category of supervector spaces. This proves Ostrik’s conjecture [25, Conjecture 1.3] in this case. Equivalently, we prove that there exists a unique finite supergroup scheme $\mathcal{G}$ over $k$ and a grouplike element $\epsilon \in k\mathcal{G}$ of order $\le 2$, whose action by conjugation on $\mathcal{G}$ coincides with the parity automorphism of $\mathcal{G}$, such that $\mathcal{C}$ is symmetric tensor equivalent to $\textrm{Rep}(\mathcal{G},\epsilon )$. In particular, when $\mathcal{C}$ is unipotent, the functor lands in $\textrm{Vec}$, so $\mathcal{C}$ is symmetric tensor equivalent to $\textrm{Rep}(U)$ for a unique finite unipotent group scheme $U$ over $k$. We apply our result and the results of [17] to classify certain finite dimensional triangular Hopf algebras with the Chevalley property over $k$ (e.g., local), in group scheme-theoretical terms. Finally, we compute the Sweedler cohomology of restricted enveloping algebras over an algebraically closed field $k$ of characteristic $p&gt;0$, classify associators for their duals, and study finite dimensional (not necessarily triangular) local quasi-Hopf algebras and finite (not necessarily symmetric) unipotent tensor categories over an algebraically closed field $k$ of characteristic $p&gt;0$. The appendix by K. Coulembier and P. Etingof gives another proof of the above classification results using the recent paper [4], and more generally, shows that the maximal Tannakian and super-Tannakian subcategory of a symmetric tensor category over a field of characteristic $\ne 2$ is always a Serre subcategory.
Ascorbic Acid Improves the Stability of Buprenorphine in Frozen Whole Blood Samples
Authors: Sørensen Lambert K , Hasselstrøm Jørgen B 
Published: April 2019

Abstract
Buprenorphine (BUP) was not long-term stable in whole blood samples preserved with fluoride citrate (FC) and fluoride oxalate (FX) mixtures when stored at −20°C. On average, only half of the initial concentrations of BUP was recovered after 12 weeks of storage at −20°C when interrupted by 3–4 thaw/freeze cycles. Norbuprenorphine (NBUP) was less unstable; approximately 90% was recovered after 12 weeks of storage at −20°C. The instability was less at 5°C, but the formation of BUP and NBUP from their glucuronides was observed at that temperature, especially in FC-preserved blood. The substances were stable for at least 5 months when stored uninterrupted at −80°C. The instability of BUP and NBUP in FC- and FX-preserved whole blood stored at −20°C was eliminated when the samples were modified with 30 mM ascorbic acid (ASC) prior to storage. The mean recoveries were greater than 95% after a 5-month interrupted storage period at −20°C when modified with ASC.
A novel angiotensin-I converting enzyme inhibitory peptide derived from the glutelin of vinegar soaked black soybean and its antihypertensive effect in spontaneously hypertensive rats
Authors: Zhang Yueyuan , Zhang Yanling , Chen Peiyao , Shu Fengjue , Li Kai , Qiao Liansheng , Chen Zujun , Wang Lingzhi 
Published: April 2019

AbstractVinegar soaked black soybean is a traditional Chinese food widely used for the treatment of hypertension. While its pharmacodynamic substance was not fully unveiled. It contained abundant glutelin, thus the purpose of this study was to obtain potent antihypertensive peptides from vinegar soaked black soybean. Black soybean was soaked with vinegar and then glutelin was first catalyzed by alcalase. Ultrafiltration, ion exchange chromatography and reversed-phase high performance liquid chromatography were sequentially applied to separate and purify the angiotensin-I converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitory peptides from glutelin hydrolysates. As a result, the fraction L1-4 with the highest ACE inhibitory activity (83.41%) at the final concentration of 0.01 mg/ml was obtained and five peptides were then identified. These peptides were further optimized by virtual screening combining with in silico proteolysis. Finally, a novel tetrapeptide Phe-Gly-Ser-Phe (FGSF) was obtained. FGSF exhibited high in vitro ACE inhibitory activity (IC50 = 117.11 μM) and in vivo hypotensive effect which maximally reduced systolic blood pressure of 21.95 mmHg at 20 mg/kg body weight in spontaneously hypertensive rats. Our study demonstrated that FGSF derived from vinegar soaked black soybean might be used as a promising ingredient for pharmaceuticals against hypertension and its related diseases.
Stable mutants of restriction-deficient/modification-proficient Bacillus subtilis 168: hub strains for giant DNA engineering
Authors: Itaya Mitsuhiro , Sato Mitsuru , Watanabe Satoru , Yoshikawa Hirofumi , Tomita Masaru , Sato Rintaro 
Published: April 2019

AbstractBacillus subtilis 168 has been explored as a platform for the synthesis and transmission of large DNA. Two inherent DNA incorporation systems, natural transformation and pLS20-based conjugation transfer, enable rapid handling of target DNA. Both systems are affected by the Bsu restriction–modification system that recognizes and cleaves unmethylated XhoI sites, limiting the choice of target DNA. We constructed B. subtilis 168 with stable mutation for restriction-deficient and modification-proficient (r−m+). It was demonstrated that the r−m+ strains can incorporate and transfer synthesized DNA with multiple XhoI sites. These should be of value as hub strains to integrate and disseminate giant DNA between B. subtilis 168 derivatives.
A preliminary study of the effectiveness of cancer communication skills training for interdisciplinary staff
Authors: Hsu Tsui-Hsia , Li I-Chuan , Fang Chun-Kai , Tang Woung-Ru , Lin Chih-Tsun 
Published: April 2019

AbstractBackgroundStudies have emphasized that the disclosure of a diagnosis and prognosis is the doctor’s responsibility, but little attention has been given to the importance of interdisciplinary cooperation.ObjectiveTherefore, this study examined and compared the effectiveness of cancer communication skills training (CST) for doctors and interdisciplinary staff in Taiwan.MethodsThis study utilized a quasi-experimental design. The participants were 124 oncology professionals who participated in cancer CST. These 124 professionals included a group of 65 doctors and a group of 59 interdisciplinary professionals, both of which received the same CST. After the participants have received CST, the changes in their disease disclosure skills were evaluated.ResultsSignificant pretest-posttest differences were observed in the overall truth-telling scores for both groups (doctors: t = 6.94, P < 0.001; interdisciplinary professionals: t = 7.71, P < 0.001) and in different constructs. However, in many items, the doctors demonstrated no progress after receiving the training (P > 0.05), whereas the interdisciplinary professionals demonstrated significant progress (P < 0.05). In particular, the doctors’ scores for ‘disclosing information in a monotonous tone’ showed significant retrogression (P < 0.05). There were no significant differences in the overall truth-telling scores of the two groups with regard to pre- and post-CST (P > 0.05 and P > 0.05, respectively), and there were also no significant differences in the four sub-scales’ scores.ConclusionThe CST for interdisciplinary professionals improved their cooperation and communication skills.
Dipteran Attraction to a Variety of Baits: Implications for Trapping Studies as a Tool for Establishing Seasonal Presence of Significant Species
Authors: Harvey Michelle , Gasz Natalie , Woolley Zara , Roberts Lillian , Raven Nynke , Colbert Ariana , Law Kirby , Marshall Polly , Voss Sasha 
Published: April 2019

Abstract
Monitoring and collection of fly taxa (Diptera: Calliphoridae; Muscidae; Sarcophagidae) of medical, veterinary, and agricultural importance is often routine practice, providing data on target species presence, distribution and abundance. Collection practices currently involve baited trapping and while an inherent bias accompanying the choice of bait is acknowledged, there is little consistency in bait choice between studies and insufficient assessment of trapping success rates for bait types in current use. This study aimed to examine the effect of bait choice on trapping results for six commonly used bait types; a commercial bait (Envirosafe Fly Attractant, Envirosafe Products) and a combination of mixtures of liver, horse manure and 5% sodium sulfide (Na2S). Trapping success was compared under different seasonal conditions (Summer, Autumn, and Spring) to determine the most attractive bait for calliphorid species, with a secondary comparison of kangaroo versus ox liver occurring under summer conditions. Baits containing Na2S were the most successful in captures of all target taxa, with the addition of manure desirable, yielding increased diversity of taxa. Kangaroo liver baits attracted high numbers of Chrysomya spp. (Robineau-Desvoidy, Diptera: Calliphoridae), while Lucilia spp. (Robineau-Desvoidy, Diptera: Calliphoridae) were comparatively underrepresented in traps using liver alone. The use of a combined ox liver/manure/Na2S bait is recommended as the gold standard for generic screening of necrophagous flies. Where more specific target fly taxa are desired, such as Chrysomya spp. or Lucilia spp. only, alternate baits such as kangaroo or lamb may prove more attractive/successful.
Towards automated reasoning in Herbrand structures
Authors: Cohen Liron , Rowe Reuben N S , Zohar Yoni 
Published: April 2019

AbstractHerbrand structures have the advantage, computationally speaking, of being guided by the definability of all elements in them. A salient feature of the logics induced by them is that they internally exhibit the induction scheme, thus providing a congenial, computationally oriented framework for formal inductive reasoning. Nonetheless, their enhanced expressivity renders any effective proof system for them incomplete. Furthermore, the fact that they are not compact poses yet another proof-theoretic challenge. This paper offers several layers for coping with the inherent incompleteness and non-compactness of these logics. First, two types of infinitary proof system are introduced—one of infinite width and one of infinite height—which manipulate infinite sequents and are sound and complete for the intended semantics. The restriction of these systems to finite sequents induces a completeness result for finite entailments. Then, in search of effectiveness, two finite approximations of these systems are presented and explored. Interestingly, the approximation of the infinite-width system via an explicit induction scheme turns out to be weaker than the effective cyclic fragment of the infinite-height system.
Plastic hospitality: The empty signifier at the EU’s Mediterranean border
Authors: DeBono Daniela 
Published: April 2019

AbstractHospitality and hospitality-laden language feature highly among people working in or around structures of first reception in Italy and Malta, two countries at the European Union’s (EU) external border. This is peculiar because hospitality rarely features at first reception, which forms part of the state’s border system. Characteristically, security issues are prioritized, and the first reception system is managed by the member state’s security agents, in collaboration with EU and international security agents. In practice, first reception refers to the processes of identification, registration, and classification that irregular migrants go through after having crossed the border without authorization and, often, without identification. Drawing on long-term and multi-sited ethnographic fieldwork in Italy and Malta, this article examines some of the uses of hospitality language by a spectrum of territorial borderworkers operating with state, non-state, security, humanitarian, and activist entities in the two countries that are the object of this study. Discourse analysis yields interesting insights into how the use of the hospitality paradigm and hospitality terminology in first reception is less about hospitality practices and more about power. It proposes that the hospitality paradigm be conceptualized as a Laclauian empty signifier, and therefore, as a locus of power.
Applicability of the Mutation–Selection Balance Model to Population Genetics of Heterozygous Protein-Truncating Variants in Humans
Authors: Weghorn Donate , Balick Daniel J , Cassa Christopher , Kosmicki Jack A , Daly Mark J , Beier David R , Sunyaev Shamil R 
Published: April 2019

AbstractThe fate of alleles in the human population is believed to be highly affected by the stochastic force of genetic drift. Estimation of the strength of natural selection in humans generally necessitates a careful modeling of drift including complex effects of the population history and structure. Protein-truncating variants (PTVs) are expected to evolve under strong purifying selection and to have a relatively high per-gene mutation rate. Thus, it is appealing to model the population genetics of PTVs under a simple deterministic mutation–selection balance, as has been proposed earlier (Cassa et al. 2017). Here, we investigated the limits of this approximation using both computer simulations and data-driven approaches. Our simulations rely on a model of demographic history estimated from 33,370 individual exomes of the Non-Finnish European subset of the ExAC data set (Lek et al. 2016). Additionally, we compared the African and European subset of the ExAC study and analyzed de novo PTVs. We show that the mutation–selection balance model is applicable to the majority of human genes, but not to genes under the weakest selection.
Auxin and Cell Wall Crosstalk as Revealed by the Arabidopsis thaliana Cellulose Synthase Mutant Radially Swollen 1
Authors: Lehman Thiel A. , Sanguinet Karen A 
Published: April 2019

AbstractPlant cells sheath themselves in a complex lattice of polysaccharides, proteins and enzymes forming an integral matrix known as the cell wall. Cellulose microfibrils, the primary component of cell walls, are synthesized at the plasma membrane by CELLULOSE SYNTHASE A (CESA) proteins throughout cellular growth and are responsible for turgor-driven anisotropic expansion. Associations between hormone signaling and cell wall biosynthesis have long been suggested, but recently direct links have been found revealing hormones play key regulatory roles in cellulose biosynthesis. The radially swollen 1 (rsw1) allele of Arabidopsis thaliana CESA1 harbors a single amino acid change that renders the protein unstable at high temperatures. We used the conditional nature of rsw1 to investigate how auxin contributes to isotropic growth. We found that exogenous auxin treatment reduces isotropic swelling in rsw1 roots at the restrictive temperature of 30ï¿½C. We also discovered decreases in auxin influx between rsw1 and wild-type roots via confocal imaging of AUX1-YFP, even at the permissive temperature of 19ï¿½C. Moreover, rsw1 displayed mis-expression of auxin-responsive and CESA genes. Additionally, we found altered auxin maxima in rsw1 mutant roots at the onset of swelling using DII-VENUS and DR5:vYFP auxin reporters. Overall, we conclude disrupted cell wall biosynthesis perturbs auxin transport leading to altered auxin homeostasis impacting both anisotropic and isotropic growth that affects overall root morphology.
EVALUATION OF A RADON AIR MONITOR IN THE MEASUREMENT OF RADON CONCENTRATION IN WATER IN COMPARISON WITH A LIQUID SCINTILLATION COUNTER
Authors: Higuchi Shoko , Kamishiro Yuuki , Ishihara Maki , Yasuoka Yumi , Mori Yasunori , Hosoda Masahiro , Iwaoka Kazuki , Tokonami Shinji , Takahashi Rikiya , Janik Miroslaw , Muto Jun , Nagahama Hiroyuki , Mukai Takahiro 
Published: April 2019

Abstract
The World Health Organisation (WHO) recommends that the concentration of radon in water should be no more than 100 kBq m−3 (100 BqL−1) and the Codex Alimentarius Commission states that the limit of quantification (LOQ) of a method should be no more than one-fifth of this value. In this study, a degassing method with an RAD7 device was used to measure radon concentrations in water, compared to a liquid scintillation counter (LSC) method used as the reference, to investigate whether the numerical value of the LOQ of this method was more than 1/5 (20 kBq m–3) of 100 kBq m–3. The degassing method with leak prevention was shown to reach a target value of 20 kBq m−3 or less under a relative humidity of 6% or lower in the chamber of the RAD7 device. Accordingly, the RAD7 degassing method with leak prevention can be used to accurately measure radon concentrations in water within the guidance level set out by the WHO.
Israel: the trust law and the Hekdesh deed
Authors: Kaplan Alon , Eyal Lyat , Liberman Meytal 
Published: April 2019

Abstract
This article will review the provisions of the Israeli Trust Law, 1979, as they refer to the trust settled by Hekdesh deed, a legal structure with certain similarities to foundations in some foreign jurisdictions. The Israeli trust is not a separate legal entity thereby requiring an underlying company in various circumstances. The Hekdesh together with the underlying company are referred to in this article as the ‘Israeli Foundation’.
Imbalance in the response of pre- and post-synaptic components to amyloidopathy
Authors: Stephen Terri-Leigh , Tamagnini Francesco , Piegsa Judith , Sung Katherine , Harvey Joshua , Oliver-Evans Alice , Murray Tracey K. , Ahmed Zeshan , Hutton Michael L. , Randall Andrew , O’Neill Michael J. , Jackson Johanna S. 
Published: April 2019

AbstractAlzheimer’s disease (AD)-associated synaptic dysfunction drives the progression of pathology from its earliest stages. Aβ species, both soluble and in plaque deposits, have been causally related to the progressive, structural and functional impairments observed in AD. It is, however, still unclear how Aβ plaques develop over time and how they progressively affect local synapse density and turnover. Here we observed, in a mouse model of AD, that Aβ plaques grow faster in the earlier stages of the disease and if their initial area is > 500 µm2; this may be due to deposition occurring in the diffuse part of the plaque. In addition, synaptic turnover is higher in the presence of amyloid pathology and this is paralleled by a reduction in pre-but not post-synaptic densities. Plaque proximity does not appear to have an impact on synaptic dynamics. These observations indicate an imbalance in the response of the pre- and post-synaptic terminals and that therapeutics, alongside targeting the underlying pathology, need to address changes in synapse dynamics.
Sentinel Case of Candida auris in the Western United States Following Prolonged Occult Colonization in a Returned Traveler from India
Authors: Woodworth Michael H. , Dynerman David , Crawford Emily D. , Li Lucy M. , Doernberg Sarah B. , Ramirez-Avila Lynn , Serpa Paula Hayakawa , Nichols Amy , Lyden Amy , Tato Cristina M. , Miller Steve , Derisi Joseph L. , Langelier Charles 
Published: April 2019

ABSTRACTCandida auris is an emerging multidrug-resistant yeast with high mortality. We report the sentinel C. auris case on the United States West Coast in a patient who relocated from India. We identified close phylogenetic relatedness to the South Asia clade and ERG11 Y132F and FKS1 S639Y mutations potentially explaining antifungal resistance.