bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Prevalence of iatrogenic hypothyroidism in hyperthyroid cats treated with radioiodine using an individualised scoring system
Authors: Fernandez Yordan , Puig Jordi , Powell Roger , Seth Mayank 
Published: January 2019

Objectives The aim of this study was to report the prevalence of iatrogenic hypothyroidism, with or without azotaemia, based on the measurement of serum total thyroxine (T4), thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH) and creatinine concentrations, in hyperthyroid cats undergoing radioiodine (131I) treatment where the 131I dose was calculated using a previously described scoring system. A secondary aim of the study was to determine the positive and negative predictive values of serum T4 and TSH concentrations obtained 19 days after treatment in order to predict the development of iatrogenic hypothyroidism 6–9 months after 131I treatment. Methods Serum T4, TSH and creatinine concentrations were measured 19 days and 6–9 months after 131I treatment. The prevalence of iatrogenic hypothyroidism was assessed with the results obtained 6–9 months after 131I treatment. Results The prevalence of overt and subclinical hypothyroidism 6–9 months after 131I treatment was 40.0% (22/55 cats) and 12.7% (7/55 cats). Overt hypothyroidism with azotaemia was diagnosed in 8/55 (14.5%) cats. The positive and negative predictive values for the prediction of the development of iatrogenic hypothyroidism 6–9 months after 131I treatment were 72.2% and 80.0%, respectively, for a low serum T4 concentration, and 75.0% and 44.6%, respectively, for an increased serum TSH concentration. Conclusions and relevance The use of an individualised scoring system is effective in determining the 131I dose for the treatment of hyperthyroid cats. However, the prevalence of overt hypothyroidism was higher in comparison with other studies using different dosing protocols. Further studies comparing the efficacy of individualised scoring systems and different fixed doses to determine which method is superior are warranted.
Comparison between simple release and Z-plasty of retinaculum for de Quervain’s disease: a retrospective study
Authors: Kim Jin-young , Baek Jong-hun , Lee Jae-hoon 
Published: January 2019

We compared two surgical procedures for de Quervain’s disease that was not responsive to conservative treatment. Group A (simple release) consisted of 38 patients and group B (Z-plasty of the retinaculum) included 36 patients. The visual analogue scale score and the Disabilities of the Arm, Shoulder and Hand Score improved significantly after surgery; there were no statistical differences in outcome between the two groups. In group A, one patient required reoperation, two had subluxations of extensor tendons and two had temporary loss of sensation in the area of the radial nerve. In group B, two patients had temporary loss of sensation. The mean time to resolution of pain at the operative site was significantly shorter in group B. Both simple release and Z-plasty were effective surgical methods. Z-plasty allowed earlier return to activities of daily living but there was no statistical difference between the two groups in incidence of complication. Level of evidence: IV
Initial Displacement Does Not Affect Loss of Reduction After Lisfranc Fracture Dislocations
Authors: Pigott Matthew T. , Shah Ronit , Chan Jason , Irwin Todd A. , Holmes James R. , Talusan Paul G. 
Published: January 2019

We sought to determine whether significantly displaced Lisfranc injuries had a higher rate of loss of reduction after fixation compared to those with low displacement. Forty-five patients who had fixation of an acute Lisfranc injury from 2005 to 2014 were retrospectively reviewed. All patients underwent subsequent hardware removal at 3 to 15 months after their index procedure. Radiographs were reviewed from the time of injury, 2 weeks, and 6 months postoperative. Lisfranc joint reduction was assessed using criteria previously described in the literature and graded as malreduced if displacement was >2 mm. We used a cutoff of 4 mm for high initial displacement. Those patients with ≥4 mm of initial displacement did not have an increased rate of loss of reduction after hardware removal compared to those patients with <4 mm initial displacement (40% and 27%, respectively; P = .362). Anatomic reduction was achieved immediately postoperative in 89% of cases. A high degree of displacement in Lisfranc injuries does not preclude achievement and maintenance of adequate reduction after fixation of these injuries. Levels of Evidence: Prognostic study, Level II: Retrospective
Effect of Clinical History on Interpretation of Computed Tomography for Acute Stroke
Authors: Hung Peter , Finn Caitlin , Chen Monica , Knight-Greenfield Ashley , Baradaran Hediyeh , Patel Praneil , Díaz Iván , Kamel Hooman , Gupta Ajay 
Published: January 2019

Objective: We assessed whether providing detailed clinical information alongside computed tomography (CT) images improves their interpretation for acute stroke. Methods: Using the prospective Cornell AcutE Stroke Academic Registry, we randomly selected 100 patients who underwent noncontrast head CT within 6 hours of transient ischemic attack or minor acute ischemic stroke and underwent magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) within 6 hours of the CT. Three radiologist investigators evaluated each of the 100 CT studies twice, once with and once without accompanying information on medical history, signs, and symptoms. In random sequence, each study was interpreted in one condition (ie, with or without detailed accompanying information) and then after a 4-week washout period, in the opposite condition. Using MRI diffusion-weighted imaging (DWI) as the reference standard, we classified CT interpretations as correct (true positives or negatives) or incorrect (false positives or negatives). We used logistic regression with sandwich estimators to compare the proportion of correct interpretations. Results: In patients with DWI-defined infarcts, acute ischemia was called on 20% of CTs with detailed history and 18% without history. In patients without infarcts, the absence of ischemia was called on 77% of CTs with history and 77% without history. The proportion of correct interpretations of CTs accompanied by detailed clinical history (49%) did not differ significantly from those without history (47%; odds ratio: 1.1; 95% confidence interval: 0.8-1.4). Conclusions: Reported findings on head CT for evaluation of suspected acute ischemic stroke were similar regardless of whether detailed clinical history was provided.
The mesenchymal niche in MDS
Authors: Pronk Eline , Raaijmakers Marc H. G. P. 
Published: January 2019

Abstract
Myelodysplastic syndrome (MDS) is characterized by bone marrow failure and a strong propensity for leukemic evolution. Somatic mutations are critical early drivers of the disorder, but the factors enabling the emergence, selection, and subsequent leukemic evolution of these “leukemia-poised” clones remain incompletely understood. Emerging data point at the mesenchymal niche as a critical contributor to disease initiation and evolution. Disrupted inflammatory signaling from niche cells may facilitate the occurrence of somatic mutations, their selection, and subsequent clonal expansion. This review summarizes the current concepts about “niche-facilitated” bone marrow failure and leukemic evolution, their underlying molecular mechanisms, and clinical implications for future innovative therapeutic targeting of the niche in MDS.
Maea expressed by macrophages, but not erythroblasts, maintains postnatal murine bone marrow erythroblastic islands
Authors: Wei Qiaozhi , Boulais Philip E. , Zhang Dachuan , Pinho Sandra , Tanaka Masato , Frenette Paul S. 
Published: January 2019

Abstract
The erythroblastic island (EI), formed by a central macrophage and developing erythroblasts (EBs), was first described decades ago and was recently shown to play an in vivo role in homeostatic and pathological erythropoiesis. The exact molecular mechanisms, however, mediating the interactions between macrophages and EBs remain unclear. Macrophage-EB attacher (Maea) has previously been suggested to mediate homophilic adhesion bounds bridging macrophages and EBs. Maea-deficient mice die perinatally with anemia and defective erythrocyte enucleation, suggesting a critical role in fetal erythropoiesis. Here, we generated conditional knockout mouse models of Maea to assess its cellular and postnatal contributions. Deletion of Maea in macrophages using Csf1r-Cre or CD169-Cre caused severe reductions of bone marrow (BM) macrophages, EBs, and in vivo island formation, whereas its deletion in the erythroid lineage using Epor-Cre had no such phenotype, suggesting a dominant role of Maea in the macrophage for BM erythropoiesis. Interestingly, Maea deletion in spleen macrophages did not alter their numbers or functions. Postnatal Maea deletion using Mx1-Cre or function inhibition using a novel monoclonal antibody also impaired BM erythropoiesis. These results indicate that Maea contributes to adult BM erythropoiesis by regulating the maintenance of macrophages and their interaction with EBs via an as-yet-unidentified EB receptor.
Predictive value of disease risk comorbidity index for overall survival after allogeneic hematopoietic transplantation
Authors: Bejanyan Nelli , Brunstein Claudio G. , Cao Qing , Lazaryan Aleksandr , Ustun Celalettin , Warlick Erica D. , Arora Mukta , Wagner John E. , Weisdorf Daniel J. 
Published: January 2019

Abstract
Allogeneic hematologic cell transplantation (alloHCT) is the only curative therapy for many adults with hematological malignancies. However, it can be associated with substantial risks of morbidity and mortality that are dependent on patient comorbidity– or disease risk–related factors. Several pretransplantation prognostic scoring systems have been developed to estimate survival of patients undergoing alloHCT; however, there is significant interstudy variability in the predictive capacity of these assessment tools. We tested the prognostic capability of a composite scoring system including the disease risk index and HCT comorbidity index (DRCI). The DRCI scoring system was applied pretransplantation to determine whether it predicted clinical outcomes of 959 adult patients with hematological malignancies undergoing alloHCT from 2000 to 2013 at the University of Minnesota. The DRCI score categorized patients into 6 risk groups, with 2-year overall survival ranging between 74% for the very low-risk DRCI group and 34% for the very high-risk DRCI group. In multiple regression analyses adjusted for patient age and donor type, the risk of overall mortality independently increased as the DRCI score increased. Additionally, the DRCI score independently predicted risk of relapse, disease-free survival, and graft-versus-host disease–free/relapse–free survival. Our data demonstrate that the pretransplantation DRCI scoring system predicts outcomes after alloHCT and can be used to guide clinical decision making for patients considering alloHCT.
RETRACTED ARTICLE: Bone-targeting drug delivery system of biomineral-binding liposomes loaded with icariin enhances the treatment for osteoporosis
Authors: Sun Xiaoduan , Wei Jun , Lyu Jiayao , Bian Tierong , Liu Zhongbing , Huang Juan , Pi Fengjuan , Li Chunhong , Zhong Zhirong 
Published: January 2019

Abstract

Background
Osteoporosis is a bone-incapacitating malady and it is characterized by obvious bone mass loss and bone microarchitecture deterioration. Current treatments for osteoporosis have many limitations, including the non-obvious therapeutic effect and long-term safety issues. Icariin is a pharmacologically active flavonoid glycoside, which shows potential application in treatment of osteoporosis. But its clinical application is limited by the inherent disadvantages such as poor water solubility, first pass effect after oral administration, and low bioavailability. Moreover, due to lack of targeting ability, icariin cannot accumulate at the local diseased region to provide early protection from fractures. To solve the application problems of icariin and enhance its therapeutic effects on osteoporosis, this work aimed to design a targeting drug delivery system of biomineral-binding liposomes (BBL) mediated by pyrophosphate ions.

Results
Biomineral-binding liposomes enhanced the binding ability of liposomes with hydroxyapatite particles. It increased the serum level of alkaline phosphatase and reduced that of tartrate-resistant acid phosphatase 5b. Meanwhile, BBL increased the mechanical strength of femoral midshaft, preserving the trabecular bone microarchitecture. Moreover, BBL could initiate bone turnover/remodeling of rats with osteoporosis.

Conclusions
This drug targeting delivery system of BBL loading with icariin showed more therapeutic advantages than the free icariin for the treatment of osteoporosis, which may be a kind of valid candidate in future osteoporosis therapy.
Finite element simulation of the braiding process
Authors: Del Rosso S. , Iannucci L. , Curtis P.T. 
Published: January 2019

AbstractBraiding is one of the most common technique employed for the manufacture of fabrics and ropes. It is also commonly used to produce near-net shaped preforms for advanced fibre reinforced composites. This paper presents an explicit finite element approach to create and simulate the braiding process for the virtual manufacture of 2D braids. The process starts from the definition of an analytical function which describes the movement of the carriers on a braiding track plate. Models of idealised Maypole-type braiding machines are built and used to shape virtual yarns into braids. This procedure can be used in a parameter control fashion, to optimise or to create virtual braided structures, which can serve as input for other structural analyses. It is emphasised that multiple cylinders are required for the modelling of a multifilament yarn to achieve better correlation with the experimental results. A parametric study is presented to investigate the effect of the number of virtual cylinders to represent a real yarn and the shape of the final braid. Excellent correlation was found between the virtual models and the experimental results when comparing the braid angle and yarn width.
Quantitative identification of pseudofaults underlying igneous rocks through wave-equation-based velocity modeling: A case study of the Shuntuoguole uplift, Tarim Basin, China
Authors: Jiang Ziran , Sun Yuefeng , Liu Shugen , Lin Kai 
Published: January 2019

Fault identification plays an important role in oil and gas exploration of the Ordovician reservoirs underlying the Permian igneous rocks in the fault-controlled Shuntuoguole uplift, Tarim Basin, China. Faults identified through conventional analysis of seismic coherence attributes, however, usually contain many artifacts or pseudofaults in which velocities of the igneous rocks tend to be selected incorrectly during migration imaging. We have evaluated a quantitative method to identify the pseudofaults by numerical simulation of depth migration on synthetic seismic records generated by finite-difference modeling of wave propagation. Detailed information on the spatial distribution and velocity range of the Permian igneous rocks is used to build a refined velocity model for the wave-equation-based forward modeling, calibrated with core, well log, and seismic data. It is found that the thickness and the migration velocity error used for the igneous rocks in depth migration are important factors affecting the pseudofault throws. There exists a strong quantitative relationship between igneous rock thickness ([Formula: see text]) and pseudofault throw ([Formula: see text]), [Formula: see text], where [Formula: see text], [Formula: see text], and [Formula: see text] are constants for a given migration velocity error. For a maximum migration velocity error of 15% for the dacite bodies in the studied area, [Formula: see text], [Formula: see text], and [Formula: see text] are 0.0002, 0.1864, and [Formula: see text], respectively. Using this relationship, the maximum fault throw ([Formula: see text]) of a pseudofault caused by an arbitrary thickness of any dacite body can be calculated. If the actual fault throw (H) of an apparent fault measured on the migrated seismic profile is greater than the calculated maximum fault throw for the fault, i.e., [Formula: see text], then the apparent fault is a real geologic fault. Otherwise, it is a pseudofault. The method has been successfully applied to produce corrected fault distribution maps for geologic evaluation of the Ordovician reservoirs in the Shuntuoguole region.
Modelling pancreatic β-cell inflammation in zebrafish identifies the natural product wedelolactone for human islet protection
Authors: Delgadillo-Silva Luis Fernando , Tsakmaki Anastasia , Akhtar Nadeem , Franklin Zara J. , Konantz Judith , Bewick Gavin A. , Ninov Nikolay 
Published: January 2019

ABSTRACT
Islet inflammation and cytokine production are implicated in pancreatic β-cell dysfunction and diabetes pathogenesis. However, we lack therapeutics to protect the insulin-producing β-cells from inflammatory damage. Closing this clinical gap requires the establishment of new disease models of islet inflammation to facilitate screening efforts aimed at identifying new protective agents. Here, we have developed a genetic model of Interleukin-1β (Il-1β)-driven islet inflammation in zebrafish, a vertebrate that allows for non-invasive imaging of β-cells and in vivo drug discovery. Live imaging of immune cells and β-cells in our model revealed dynamic migration, increased visitation and prolonged macrophage retention in the islet, together with robust activation of NF-κB signalling in β-cells. We find that Il-1β-mediated inflammation does not cause β-cell destruction but, rather, it impairs β-cell function and identity. In vivo, β-cells exhibit impaired glucose-stimulated calcium influx and reduced expression of genes involved in function and maturity. These defects are accompanied by α-cell expansion, glucose intolerance and hyperglycemia following a glucose challenge. Notably, we show that a medicinal plant derivative (wedelolactone) is capable of reducing the immune-cell infiltration while also ameliorating the hyperglycemic phenotype of our model. Importantly, these anti-diabetic properties in zebrafish are predictive of wedelolactone's efficacy in protecting rodent and human islets from cytokine-induced apoptosis. In summary, this new zebrafish model of diabetes opens a window to study the interactions between immune and β-cells in vivo, while also allowing the identification of therapeutic agents for protecting β-cells from inflammation.
Simple Colorimetric Analysis for Determining Hexavalent Chromium with High Sensitivity via Homogeneous Liquid-Liquid Extraction
Authors: Yokota Yuki , Manaka Atsushi , Tafu Masamoto , Kato Takeshi , Tomita Keiichi , Akazawa Toshiyuki 
Published: January 2019

Abstract
Colorimetric analysis with diphenylcarbazide has been used as a simple method to determine hexavalent chromium (Cr(VI)). However, the low sensitivity of this technique makes it difficult to determine concentrations close to the environmental standard value (0.05 mg/L). We found that the phase separation phenomenon produced a small amount of the extraction phase when a mixture of 2-propanol and a small amount of dimethyl phthalate were added to a water sample, and that the Cr(VI)-diphenylcarbazide complex was extracted into this phase with high efficiency. Based on these findings, we report a simple method for colorimetric analysis for determining Cr(VI) with high sensitivity via homogeneous liquid-liquid extraction using water, 2-propanol, and dimethyl phthalate. As a result, the extraction percentage for Cr(VI) was 88% and the concentration factor improved up to 121-fold (27.4 mL → 226 µL). Using the proposed extraction method, determination limit (10σ) and detection limit (3σ) were 0.11 ppb and 0.03 ppb, respectively. This method can be employed for the determination of hexavalent chromium in groundwater systems by the use of EDTA as masking agent.
Development of Supported NiO Nanocluster for Aerobic Oxidation of 1-Phenylethanol and Elucidation of Reaction Mechanism via X-ray Analysis
Authors: Sasaki Takuro , Devred François , Eloy Pierre , Gaigneaux Eric M , Hara Takayoshi , Shimazu Shogo , Ichikuni Nobuyuki 
Published: January 2019

Abstract
Supported NiO nanocluster catalysts were synthesized by using Ni colloid as a precursor and applied to the aerobic oxidation of 1-phenylethanol. Obtained catalysts were characterized through X-ray absorption fine structure (XAFS), X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) and in situ X-ray diffraction (XRD). Activated carbon (AC) supported NiO nanocluster catalyst showed catalytic activity toward the aerobic oxidation of 1-phenylethanol without any additives. Only the AC support allowed the NiO catalyst to be active although other supports did not. XAFS and in situ XRD revealed that NiO nanocluster was fixed on the supports successfully. XAFS and XPS gave information about differences in the local structure, chemical state and electronic state of Ni among the different supports. The obtained catalyst showed activity more effectively compared to conventional nickel-based catalysts.
The MRI characteristics of non-mass enhancement lesions of the breast: associations with malignancy
Authors: Aydin Hale 
Published: January 2019

Objective:
The American College of Radiology updated the terms used for expressing the imaging characteristics of non-mass enhancement (NME) lesions in the fifth edition of the breast imaging-reporting data system (BI-RADS) lexicon. Both the distribution and internal enhancement descriptors were revised for NME lesions. Our aim was to determine the MRI characteristics of NME lesions and to investigate their association with malignancy.

Methods:
The MRI results of 129 NME lesions were retrospectively evaluated. The medical files, biopsy results and follow-up findings of lesions were recorded. Patients who had benign biopsy and those who had stable or regressed lesions during follow-up were classified as benign. All MRI results had been obtained with a 1.5 Tesla Signa HDx MR system (GE Healthcare).

Results:
Segmental and diffuse distribution along with clustered-ring internal enhancement were significantly associated with malignancy, while linear distribution and homogeneous enhancement pattern were associated with benignancy. Additionally, the plateau type (Type II) curve was significantly more frequent in malignant lesions. There was no association between the presence of cystic structures and the benign/malignant nature of the lesion. However, multivariate logistic regression showed that only segmental distribution and diffusion restriction were associated with malignancy.

Conclusion:
In the current study, segmental distribution, clustered-ring enhancement, Type II dynamic curve and the presence of diffusion restriction were found to be associated with malignancy. There is a requirement for multicenter studies which include higher numbers of patients in order to better evaluate lesions with rarer characteristics for distribution and enhancement pattern.

Advances in knowledge:
Our aim in this study was to investigate the MRI characteristics of NME lesions. We have reported the MRI findings of NME lesions and have found that segmental distribution and clustered-ring enhancement patterns are significantly more frequent in malignant lesions.