bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The influence of cooperative foraging with fishermen on the dynamics of a bottlenose dolphin population
Authors: Bezamat Carolina , Simões‐Lopes Paulo C. , Castilho Pedro V. , Daura‐Jorge Fábio G. 
Published: November 2018

AbstractRecent years have seen an increasing interest in individual behavioral variation. However, the implications of such variation for population dynamics are often unknown. We studied the dynamics of a bottlenose dolphin (Tursiops truncatus gephyreus) population from southern Brazil, where some individuals forage cooperatively with artisanal fishermen. We fitted mark‐recapture models to 10 yr of photo‐identification data to investigate the influence of this foraging specialization on dolphins’ population parameters, controlling for sex and ranging behavior. We estimated adult survival to be high (0.949 ± 0.015 SE), weakly influenced by home range size, sex or the frequency of interaction with fishermen. The slightly higher survival probability for individuals with smaller home ranges could stem from the benefits of reduced spatial requirements implied by the specialized foraging. Foraging also influenced the probability of resighting individuals, and there was no temporary or permanent emigration. Abundance fluctuated slightly over the years from 54 (95% CI = 49–59) to 60 (95% CI = 52–69) individuals, with no evident population trend. Despite such apparent population stability, we confirm this population remains small and geographically isolated which may threaten its viability and the viability of its unusual, localized foraging specialization. Our study also illustrates how accounting for individual variation can portray animal population dynamics more realistically.
Is Short Root Anomaly (SRA) a risk factor for increased external apical root resorption in orthodontic patients? A retrospective case control study using cone beam computerized tomography
Authors: Cutrera Alice , Allareddy Veerasathpurush , Azami Niloufar , Nanda Ravindra , Uribe Flavio 
Published: November 2018

Structured AbstractObjectivesTo evaluate the amount of external apical root resorption (EARR) secondary to orthodontic treatment in patients with Short Root Anomaly (SRA) compared to patients with average root lengths using Cone Beam Computed Tomography (CBCT).Settings and Sample PopulationCone beam computed tomography scans of 23 SRA and 26 control patients were selected from 232 pretreatment scans from a single private practice.Materials and MethodsCone beam computed tomography scans before (T1) and after orthodontic treatment (T2) were evaluated for differences in the change in tooth and root length of the maxillary incisors between both groups. Gender, treatment duration and age were examined as covariates.ResultsThe mean values for root and tooth length of the maxillary incisors decreased by a range of 0.6 to 1.3 mm after orthodontic treatment. There was no significant difference between the groups for the majority of the measurements although there was a trend for less EARR in the SRA group. The maxillary left central incisor had significantly less proportional and non‐proportional loss in tooth length in the SRA group. Age, gender and treatment duration were not associated with change in the proportional and non‐proportional lengths for both groups.ConclusionPatients with SRA did not exhibit a significant difference in the proportional and non‐proportional change of length after orthodontic treatment when compared to the controls for most measurements. Only tooth length for the maxillary left central incisor had significantly less reduction after orthodontic treatment for both the proportional and non‐proportional measurements in the SRA group compared to the control group.
TaCIPK10 interacts with and phosphorylates TaNH2 to activate wheat defense responses to stripe rust
Authors: Liu Peng , Guo Jia , Zhang Ruiming , Zhao Jiaxin , Liu Cong , Qi Tuo , Duan Yinghui , Kang Zhensheng , Guo Jun 
Published: November 2018

SummaryCalcineurin B‐like interacting protein kinase (CIPKs) has been shown to be required for biotic stress tolerance of plants in plant‐pathogen interactions. However, the roles of CIPKs in immune signalling of cereal crops and an in‐depth knowledge of substrates of CIPKs in response to biotic stress are under debate. In this study, we identified and cloned a CIPK homologue gene TaCIPK10 from wheat. TaCIPK10 was rapidly induced by Puccinia striiformis f. sp. tritici (Pst) inoculation and salicylic acid (SA) treatment. In vitro phosphorylation assay demonstrated that the kinase activity of TaCIPK10 is regulated by Ca2+ and TaCBL4. Knockdown TaCIPK10 significantly reduced wheat resistance to Pst, whereas TaCIPK10 overexpression resulted in enhanced wheat resistance to Pst by the induction of defense response in different aspects, including hypersensitive cell death, ROS accumulation and pathogenesis‐relative genes expression. Moreover, TaCIPK10 physically interacted with and phosphorylated TaNH2, which was homologous to AtNPR3/4. Silencing of TaNH2 in wheat resulted in enhanced susceptibility to the avirulent Pst race, CYR23, indicating its positive role in wheat resistance. Our results demonstrate that TaCIPK10 positively regulate wheat resistance to Pst as molecular links between of Ca2+ and downstream components of defense response and TaCIPK10 interacts with and phosphorylates TaNH2 to regulate wheat resistance to Pst.
Pigeonpea improvement: An amalgam of breeding and genomic research
Authors: Chanda Venkata Sameer Kumar , Nadigatla Veera Prabha Rama Ganga Rao , Saxena Rachit K. , Saxena Kulbhushan , Upadhyaya Hari D. , Siambi Moses , Silim Said N. , Reddy Kothapally Narasimha , Hingane Anupama J. , Sharma Mamta , Sharma Shivali , Lyimo Stephen Dominic , Ubwe Rose , Makenge Meshack , Gad Kananji , Kimurto Paul Kiprotich , Amane Manuel , Kanenga Kennedy , Obong Yuventino , Monyo Emanuel , Ojiewo Chris , Mallela Venkata Nagesh Kumar , Polineni Rao Jaganmohan , Lakkireddy Prashanthi , Chourat Sudhakar , Singh Indraprakash , Sajja Sobhan , Hirikara Beliappa Shruthi , Varshney Rajeev K. 
Published: November 2018

AbstractIn the past five decades, constant research has been directed towards yield improvement in pigeonpea resulting in the deployment of several commercially acceptable cultivars in India. Though, the genesis of hybrid technology, the biggest breakthrough, enigma of stagnant productivity still remains unsolved. To sort this productivity disparity, genomic research along with conventional breeding was successfully initiated at ICRISAT. It endowed ample genomic resource providing insight in the pigeonpea genome combating production constraints in a precise and speedy manner. The availability of the draft genome sequence with a large‐scale marker resource, oriented the research towards trait mapping for flowering time, determinacy, fertility restoration, yield attributing traits and photo‐insensitivity. Defined core and mini‐core collection, still eased the pigeonpea breeding being accessible for existing genetic diversity and developing stress resistance. Modern genomic tools like next‐generation sequencing, genome‐wide selection helping in the appraisal of selection efficiency is leading towards next‐generation breeding, an awaited milestone in pigeonpea genetic enhancement. This paper emphasizes the ongoing genetic improvement in pigeonpea with an amalgam of conventional breeding as well as genomic research.
“Constitution (Written or Unwritten)”: Legitimacy and Legality in the Thought of John Rawls
Authors: Michelman Frank I. 
Published: November 2018

AbstractJohn Rawls proposed, as what he called “the liberal principle of legitimacy,” that coercive exercises of political power can be justified to free and equal dissenters when “in accordance with a constitution (written or unwritten) the essentials of which all citizens, as reasonable and rational, can endorse.” Does “unwritten constitution” there refer to norms of constitutional import, but that subsist only as custom, not as law? To norms that subsist as common law but not as code law? To empirical regularities of political practice, as opposed to normative rules and standards? Which interpretation is best?
Toward an Epidemiology of Safety and Security Risks: An Organizational Vulnerability Assessment in International Airports
Authors: Bongiovanni Ivano , Newton Cameron 
Published: November 2018

AbstractInternational airports are complex sociotechnical systems that have an intrinsic potential to develop safety and security disruptions. In the absence of appropriate defenses, and when the potential for disruption is neglected, organizational crises can occur and jeopardize aviation services. This investigation examines the ways in which modern international airports can be “authors of their own misfortune” by adopting practices, attitudes, and behaviors that could increase their overall level of vulnerability. A sociotechnical perspective, the macroergonomic approach, is applied in this research to detect the potential organizational determinants of vulnerability in airport operations. Qualitative data nurture the case study on international airports produced by the present research. Findings from this study highlight that systemic weaknesses frequently reside in areas at the intersection of physical, organizational, and social spaces. Specific pathways of vulnerability can be drawn across these areas, involving the following systemic layers: individual, task, tools and technology, environment, and organization. This investigation expands the existing literature on the dynamics that characterize crisis incubation in multiorganization, multistakeholder systems such as international airports and provides practical recommendations for airport managers to improve their capabilities to early detect symptoms of organizational vulnerability.
FPwatch: Facility‐based Survey Data for Family Planning Market Analysis in Five FP2020‐focus Countries
Authors: Babazadeh Saleh , Thanel Katherine , Garfinkel Danielle , Riley Christina , Bertrand Jane , Shaw Bryan 
Published: November 2018

AbstractThis article describes datasets for the FPwatch Project, a comprehensive facility‐based family planning survey conducted by Population Services International in five countries in Africa and Asia from 2015 to 2017. Contents cover research design and background, methodology, sample selection, data collection, an overview of FPwatch indicators, and quality assurance measures taken. These datasets from the Democratic Republic of Congo, Ethiopia, India, Myanmar, and Nigeria complement other facility‐based family planning surveys and are unique in their large‐scale, standardized methodology, and comprehensive sampling approach. In addition, all datasets but Myanmar (private only) include both private and public facilities, a feature that gives a more complete picture of the family planning supply environment. Because of these factors, the data is well suited to inform global family planning efforts.
Assessing Suicidal and NonSuicidal Self‐Injury via In‐Depth Interview or Self‐Report: Balancing Assessment Effort and Results
Authors: Lungu Anita , Wilks Chelsey R. , Coyle Trevor N. , Linehan Marsha M. 
Published: November 2018

AbstractObjectiveBoth suicide and nonsuicidal self‐injury (NSSI) represent major public health concerns, and effective assessment, management, and treatment requires assessment tools that can simultaneously be quick and accurate. This study compared the validity of a self‐report measure of suicide attempts and NSSI acts with a gold standard in depth interview.MethodNinety women answered questions about their suicidal behavior history using both a self‐report assessment and in‐depth interview.ResultsThe plurality of patients over estimated their suicidal acts using the self‐report measure when compared to the gold standard interview.ConclusionSelf‐report assessments may not be an accurate method of retrieving information about suicide.
Measuring Thwarted Belongingness and Perceived Burdensomeness in Clinically Depressed and Suicidal Youth: Refinement and Reduction of the Interpersonal Needs Questionnaire
Authors: El‐Behadli Ana F. , Beitra Danette , Zullo Lucas , Mbroh Hayden , Stewart Sunita M. 
Published: November 2018

ObjectiveThe Interpersonal‐Psychological Theory of Suicide (IPTS) posits two constructs (thwarted belongingness (TB) and perceived burdensomeness (PB)) contribute to suicide ideation. These constructs are typically measured by the Interpersonal Needs Questionnaire (INQ); however, available INQ versions have demonstrated poor psychometric properties with youth. This study examined the INQ using Item Response Theory (IRT) to refine and reduce the scale for clinically depressed and suicidal youth.MethodsParticipants were 378 youth (Age M (SD) = 14.78 (1.41), 82.54% female) who completed the INQ. The INQ contains 25 items across two subscales (i.e., TB and PB) rated on a 7‐point Likert‐type scale. Rating scale performance, dimensionality, model fit, and instrument‐level statistics were examined using IRT methodology. Post hoc analyses were performed to further reduce the scale.ResultsThe INQ was reduced from 25 to 10 items (five per subscale), and response options were refined to four choices. Correlations between original and IRT‐refined items were large (r = .97 for PB; r = .98 for TB). Additional item‐level (e.g., fit, difficulty) and instrument‐level (e.g., dimensionality) characteristics were examined.ConclusionsThe newly refined INQ resulted in improved scale reliability and validity. The psychometrically improved INQ can assist clinicians and researchers identify adolescents at risk of experiencing suicide ideation.
Land Struggles in Vulnerable Coastal Territories: Tourism Development in Mancora, Peru
Authors: González Velarde Fernando 
Published: November 2018

AbstractBy strengthening transnational linkages, and those between urban centres, and rural and coastal areas, the tourism industry has fostered new dynamics around the use of land, including territories subjected to extreme environmental hazards. Using the case of Mancora, Peru, this paper explores how a lack of land governance structures, resulting from conflicts between local authorities in the context of coastal tourism development, has triggered processes of uncontrolled urbanisation within fishing villages cyclically affected by the El Niño event. Based on ethnographic material collected via semi‐structured interviews, participant observation, and archival research, the study demonstrates how new dynamics around the use of land are increasing land conflicts, while raising the degree of environmental vulnerability to which the population is exposed, and threatening the reproduction of local models of development. It stresses the need for land governance structures to ensure the sustainability of coastal territories where land markets have intensified due to tourism.
Cardiorespiratory sleep studies at home: experience in research and clinical cohorts
Authors: Kingshott Ruth N , Gahleitner Florian , Elphick Heather E , Gringras Paul , Farquhar Michael , Pickering Ruth M , Martin Jane , Reynolds Janine , Joyce Anna , Gavlak Johanna C , Evans Hazel J , Hill Catherine M 
Published: November 2018

ObjectiveTo evaluate the success rates of home cardiorespiratory polygraphy in children under investigation for sleep-disordered breathing and parent perspectives on equipment use at home.DesignProspective observational study.SettingSheffield, Evelina London and Southampton Children’s Hospitals.PatientsData are reported for 194 research participants with Down syndrome, aged 0.5–5.9 years across the three centres and 61 clinical patients aged 0.4–19.5 years from one centre, all of whom had home cardiorespiratory polygraphy including respiratory movements, nasal pressure flow, pulse oximetry, body position and motion.Main outcome measuresPercentage of home cardiorespiratory studies successfully acquiring ≥4 hours of artefact-free data at the first attempt. Parental report of ease of use of equipment and preparedness to repeat home diagnostics in the future.Results143/194 (74%; 95% CI 67% to 79%) of research participants and 50/61 (82%; 95% CI 71% to 90%) of clinical patients had successful home cardiorespiratory polygraphy at the first attempt. Some children required multiple attempts to achieve a successful study. Overall, this equated to 1.3 studies per research participant and 1.2 studies per clinical child. The median artefact-free sleep time for successful research studies was 515 min (range 261–673) and for clinical studies 442 min (range 291–583). 84% of research and 87% of clinical parents expressed willingness to repeat home cardiorespiratory polygraphy in the future. 67% of research parents found the equipment ‘easy or okay’ to use, while 64% of clinical parents reported it as ‘easy’ or ‘very easy’.ConclusionsHome cardiorespiratory polygraphy offers an acceptable approach to the assessment of sleep-disordered breathing in children.
Migraine, tension-type headache and medication-overuse headache in a large population of shift working nurses: a cross-sectional study in Norway
Authors: Bjorvatn Bjørn , Pallesen Ståle , Moen Bente E , Waage Siri , Kristoffersen Espen Saxhaug 
Published: November 2018

ObjectivesTo investigate associations between different types of headaches and shift work.Design, participants and outcome measuresNurses with different work schedules (day work, two-shift rotation, night work, three-shift rotation) participated in a cohort study with annual surveys that started in 2008/2009. In 2014 (wave 6), a comprehensive headache instrument was included in the survey, in which 1585 nurses participated. Headaches were assessed according to the International Classification of Headache Disorders IIIb. Frequent headache (≥1 day per month), migraine, tension-type headache, chronic headache (headache >14 days per month) and medication-overuse headache (chronic headache + acute headache medication ≥10 days last month) comprised the dependent variables. Adjusted (for sex, age, percentage of full-time equivalent, marital status, children living at home) logistic regression analyses were conducted with work schedule, number of night shifts worked last year, number of quick returns (<11 hours in-between shifts) last year, shift work disorder and insomnia disorder as predictors.ResultsFrequent headache, migraine and chronic headache were associated with shift work disorder (OR 2.04, 95% CI 1.62 to 2.59; 1.60, 1.21 to 2.12; 2.45, 1.25 to 4.80, respectively) and insomnia disorder (OR 1.79, 95% CI 1.43 to 2.23; 1.55, 1.18 to 2.02; 3.03, 1.54 to 5.95, respectively), but not with work schedule, number of night shifts or number of quick returns. Tension-type headache was only associated with >20 night shifts last year (OR 1.41, 95% CI 1.07 to 1.86). Medication-overuse headache was only associated with insomnia disorder (OR 7.62, 95% CI 2.48 to 23.41).ConclusionsWe did not find any association between different types of headaches and work schedule. However, tension-type headache was associated with high number of night shifts. Nurses with sleep disorders (insomnia disorder and shift work disorder) reported higher prevalence of frequent headaches, migraine, chronic headache and medication-overuse headache (only insomnia) compared with nurses not having insomnia disorder and shift work disorder, respectively.
Cross-sectional analysis on publication status and age representation of clinical studies addressing mechanical ventilation and ventilator-induced lung injury in infants and children
Authors: Patry Christian , Kranig Simon , Rafat Neysan , Schaible Thomas , Toenshoff Burkhard , Hoffmann Georg F , Ries Markus 
Published: November 2018

ObjectivesWe determined the number and time-to-public availability of study results of published and unpublished clinical studies in paediatric mechanical ventilation (MV) and ventilator-induced lung injury (VILI), which were registered as completed on ClinicalTrials.gov. Furthermore, we explored the pattern of represented research study subtopics and the corresponding study populations.SettingLiterature search based on ClinicalTrials.gov, PubMed and Google Scholar from 9 July 2017 to 27 September 2017.Primary and secondary outcome measuresAssessment, if studies included in our analysis had been published. Assessment of primary research focus, patient enrolment and age representation of the analysed studies.ResultsWe identified n=109 registered and completed clinical studies on paediatric MV and VILI (enrolment: 22 233 participants). 71% were published, including data from 18 647 subjects. 29% of studies were unpublished, containing data from 3586 subjects. Median time-to-public availability of study results was 22 (IQR, 12.8–41.5) months. The most important study subtopics were biophysical and technical aspects of MV (32 studies), administration of drugs to mitigate VILI through various mechanisms (40 studies) and diagnostic procedures (16 studies). n=66/109 (61%) studies exclusively focused on children below 1 year of age and n=2/109 (2%) exclusively on children between 1 and 14 years.ConclusionsOne-third of clinical studies in paediatric MV and VILI registered as completed on ClinicalTrials.gov remained unpublished and contained data on 3586 study participants. The overall median time-to-public availability of study results was longer than the deadline of 12 months mandated by the Food and Drug Administration Amendment Act of 2007. Important and clinically relevant research study subtopics were represented in the research questions investigated in paediatric MV and VILI. The study population was skewed towards children younger than 1 year which indicates, that there is a substantial need for clinical VILI research in older children.
Sleep quality of offshore wind farm workers in the German exclusive economic zone: a cross-sectional study
Authors: Velasco Garrido Marcial , Mette Janika , Mache Stefanie , Harth Volker , Preisser Alexandra Marita 
Published: November 2018

ObjectivesTo assess the quality of sleep of employees in the German offshore wind industry and to explore factors associated with poor sleep quality.DesignWeb-based cross-sectional survey.SettingOffshore companies operating in wind farms within the German exclusive economic zone.ParticipantsWorkers with regular offshore commitments and at least 28 days spent offshore in the past year (n=268).Outcome measuresSleep quality in the past 4 weeks, troubles falling asleep or sleeping through in the past 4 weeks, differences in sleep quality between offshore deployments and onshore leaves.ResultsHaving problems with sleep onset was reported by 9.5% of the respondents. 16.5% reported troubles with maintaining sleep three or more times per week. The overall quality of sleep was rated as very bad by only 1.7% of the participants. 47.9% of the workers reported their quality of sleep to be worse during offshore commitments than when being onshore. Higher levels of exposition to noise, vibrations and poor air quality were associated with sleeping troubles and poorer sleep quality. Sharing the sleep cabin with colleagues was associated with troubles sleeping through. No association was found for working in rotating shifts and for regularity of the offshore commitments.ConclusionsWorkers in our study showed frequent sleep problems and poorer sleep quality offshore than onshore. Our results indicate that higher degrees of exposure to noise, vibrations and artificial ventilation are associated with poor sleep quality rather than organisational factors such as shift-work and type of working schedule. In view of the high demands of the offshore workplace and the workers’ particular recovery needs, addressing sleep disorders should be part of any health and safety management strategy for this workplace.