bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Overcoming Formation Evaluation Challenges in Highly Deviated Jurassic Wells with LWD and Advanced Mud Logging Services
Authors: Al-Azmi Mejbel Saad , Al-Otaibi Fahad , Kumar Joshi Girija , Tiwary Devendra , Al-Ashwak Samar , Dzhaykiev Bekdaulet , Shinde Neha , Hardman Douglas , Noueihed Rabih , Gadkari Shreerang 
Published: September 2019

Abstract
The complex nature of the reservoir dictated comprehensive formation evaluation logging that was typically done on wireline. The high angle designed for maximum reservoir exposure, high temperature, high pressure (HTHP), differential reservoir pressure and wellbore stability challenges necessitated a new approach to overall formation evaluation. The paper outlines Formation Evaluation strategy that reduced risk, increased efficiency and saved money, while ensuring high quality data collection, integration and interpretation.
After review of all risks, a decision to utilize Managed Pressure Drilling (MPD) for wellbore stability, Logging While Drilling (LWD) to replace wireline and Advanced Mudlogging Services was implemented. The Formation Evaluation team utilized LWD resistivity, neutron, density and nuclear magnetic resonance logs supplemented with x-ray diffraction (XRD), x-ray fluorescence (XRF) and advanced mud gas analysis to ensure comprehensive analysis. The paper outlines workflows and procedures necessary to ensure all data from LWD, XRF, XRD and mud gas are integrated properly for the analysis.
Effects of Managed Pressure Drilling on mud gas interpretation as well as cuttings and mud gas depth matching are addressed. Depth matching of all data, mud gasses, cuttings and logs are critical for detailed and accurate analysis and techniques are discussed that ensure consistent results. Complex mineralogy due to digenesis and effect of LWD logs are evident and only reconciled by detailed XRF and XRD data. The effects of some conductive mineralogy are so dramatic as to infer tool function compromise. The ability to determine acceptable tool response from tool failures eliminates unnecessary trips and leads to efficient operations. The final result of the above data collection, QC and processing resulted in a comprehensive formation evaluation interpretation of high confidence.
Finally, conclusions and recommendations are summarized to provide guidelines in Formation Evaluation in similar challenging highly deviated, HTHP, complex reservoir environments on land and offshore.
Green Field Development Workflow Involving Appraisal, Increased Scope, Optimizing Target Production And Reservoir Monitoring: A Case Study
Authors: Raghunathan Murali , Alkhatib Mohamad , Al Ali Abdulla Ali , Mukhtar Muhammad , Doucette Neil 
Published: September 2019

Abstract
A novel workflow was developed to select an optimal field development plan (FDP) which accounts for a number of associated uncertainties for an oil Greenfield concession that has a limited number of wells, production data and information. The FDP was revisited and updated to address the additional data acquired during the field delineation phase.
The study in Ref-1 demonstrates the comprehensive uncertainty analysis performed and the resulting optimized FDP. The FDP was developed to minimize the economic risk and uncertainty. Further field delineation activities have revealed a north and south extensions with an increase in hydrocarbon accumulation by 115%. A reservoir dynamic model was updated because of the increase in HC and input data from 17 wells.
A workflow has been created with a suitable development option to consider the recently appraised areas, which are:
– Updated saturation height functions (SHFs) which improve the match between newly drilled wells and water saturations logs – Updated reservoir models which were based on well tests and new analytical interpretations – History matching well test data with new acquisition data – Optimized field development options, that cover additional areas – Inputs to reservoir surveillance plan
Be implementing following an extensive analysis the most robust development concept was selected and will now in the field.
Dissecting Myocardial Mechanics in Patients With Severe Aortic Stenosis: 2-Dimensional vs 3-Dimensional–Speckle Tracking Echocardiography
Authors: Bi Xiaojun , Salah Husam M. , Calle Maria C. Arciniegas , Thaden Jeremy J. , Nhola Lara F. , Schaff Hartzell V. , Pislaru Sorin V. , Pellikka Patricia A. , Pochettino Alberto , Greason Kevin L. , Nkomo Vuyisile T. , Villarraga Hector R. 
Published: September 2019

Abstract
Background: Aortic valve stenosis (AS) commonly causes left ventricular (LV) pressure overload; thus, identifying patients with adverse remodeling/early LV dysfunction is critical. We compared 2-dimensional (2D) to 3-dimensional (3D) echocardiographic measures of LV myocardial deformation in patients with severe AS and studied the relation of LV preload and afterload (Zva) to myocardial deformation.

Methods: We prospectively included 168 symptomatic patients (72±12 years) with severe AS and ejection fractions ≥50%. Strain parameters from those patients were compared with normal values found in the literature. 3D full-volume and 2D images were analyzed for global longitudinal strain (GLS), global radial strain (GRS), global circumferential strain (GCS), systolic strain rate (SRs), basal rotation (Rotmax-B), apical rotation (Rotmax-A), and peak systolic twist (Twistmax).

Results: 2D–GLS and 2D–GCS decreased significantly compared with normal values (P˂.001 and P=.02, respectively); 2D Rotmax-B and Twistmax increased (P˂.001 vs normal values). Agreement between 2D–GLS and 3D–GLS by concordance correlation coefficient was 0.49 (95% CI, 0.39-0.57) in patients with AS. Both 2D– and 3D–GLS correlated with valvulo-arterial impedance (Zva) (r=0.34, P<.001; and r=0.23, P=.003, respectively).

Conclusion: In patients with severe AS, GLS and GCS decreased, and basal rotation and twist increased to maintain LV ejection fraction. 2D– and 3D–GLS had a relatively fair agreement. Both 2D– and 3D–GLS correlated modestly with Zva.
Changes in thyroid volume and thyroid function in acromegaly after surgery in Chinese population
Authors: Shao Qianqian , Li Jiayi , Gao Lu , Guo Xiaopeng , Wang Zihao , Deng Kan , Lian Wei , Xing Bing 
Published: September 2019

Abstract
Background : An increased prevalence of thyroid lesions was observed in acromegaly patients. However, the change of thyroid after remission of acromegaly was not clear in Chinese populations. The aims were to assess the thyroid structure and function changes before and after transsphenoidal pituitary adenoma resection in patients with acromegaly and to investigate the correlation between GH, IGF-1, disease duration and thyroid structure and function. Methods : We retrospectively studied 78 patients with acromegaly who underwent surgery between 2015 January and 2018 January at Peking Union Medical College Hospital. The pituitary hormone: random growth hormone (GH), nadir GH and insulin-like growth factor-1 (IGF-1); the thyroid hormone: thyroid stimulating hormone (TSH), thyroxine (T4), triiodothyronine (T3), free thyroxine (FT4) and free triiodothyronine (FT3); four parameters of thyroid metabolism: thyroid’s secretory capacity (SPINA-GT), the sum activity of peripheral deiodinases (SPINA-GD), standard TSH index (sTSHI) and thyrotrophic thyroid hormone sensitivity index (TTSI); and thyroid ultrasound were assessed at baseline and 1 year after surgery. Results : Thyroid volume was significantly positively related random GH, nadir GH, and disease duration. TSH, sTSHI and TTSI was negatively related with pituitary hormone while IGF-1 showed a significant positive association with FT4 and SPINA-GT. After transsphenoidal resection of pituitary adenoma and over 1 year follow-up, the thyroid volume decreased significantly (p=0.000). T3 (p=0.049) and FT3 (p=0.022) also decreased significantly though within normal ranges. However, no significant changes were found in nodule maximum diameter and sTSHI. Thyroid volume change was positively correlated with GH change and nadir GH change. T3 change as well as SPINA-GD change was positively associated with IGF-1 change. Though no significant difference were observed between controlled patients and those who did not achieved “control” level, control patients had a larger decline in thyroid volume along with a smaller decrease in TSH. Conclusion: Enlarged thyroid volume, prevalent thyroid nodules, suppressive pituitary thyrotrophic function and elevated peripheral thyroid hormones are characteristic in acromegaly. A decrease in GH could have favorable effect on thyroid status on thyroid volume and thyroid hormones, while established thyroid nodules and impaired pituitary thyrotrophic function seemed to change little after surgery.
Transcriptomic dynamics changes in development of carmine radish (Raphanus sativus L.) fleshy roots using RNA-seq method
Authors: Gao Jian , Luo Mao , Liu Yi , Chen Fabo , Peng Hua , Li Wenbo 
Published: September 2019

Abstract
Radish ( Raphanus sativus L.), belonging to biennial root vegetable crop of Brassicaceae family, is an economically important vegetable crop with an edible taproot. Recently, most of differential expressed genes associating with anthocyanin biosynthesis have been identified in most of important fruit crops. However, transcriptome analysis of anthocyanin biosynthesis and expression of anthocyanin biosynthesis related genes in ‘Hongxin’ radish have not been fully investigated. Here, based on results from HPLC analysis, young fleshy roots obtained from the dynamics development stage of fleshy roots in carmine radish ‘Hongxin 1’ was used for RNA-Seq, including fleshy roots from seedling stage (SS), initial expansion (IE), full-expansion (FE), bolting stage (BS), initial flowering stage (IFS); full-bloom stage (FBS) and podding stage (PS). Subsequently, the putative candidate genes involved in the dynamics development stage of fleshy roots in carmine radish were identified. After that, DGE (differential gene expression) profile analysis was used to identify the pupative transcripts, compared with fleshy roots from seedling stage (SS). In addition, co-modulated DEGs (Common DEGs in the dynamic growing stages of fleshyroot in carmine radish) were also identified, from which most DGEs were more likely to participate in anthocyanin biosynthesis, including two transcription factors RsMYB and Rs RZFP . In addition, some related proteins e.g. RsCHS , RsDFR , RsANS , RsF’3H , RsF3GGT1 , Rs3AT1 , glutathione S-transferase F12, RsUFGT78D2-like and RsUDGT-75C1-like were significantly contributed to the regulatory mechanism during anthocyanin synthesis in the development stage of fleshy roots. Furthermore, GO terms comprised of “anthocyanin-containing compound biosynthetic process” and “anthocyanin-containing compound metabolic process” were commonly overrepresented in the other dynamics growing stages of fleshy roots after initial expansion of fleshy roots. Moreover, these results indicated that five significantly enrichment pathways of DEG were identified for the dynamics growing stages of fleshy roots in carmine radish, including Flavonoid biosynthesis, Flavone and flavonol biosynthesis, Diterpenoid biosynthesis, Anthocyanin biosynthesis, as well as Benzoxazinoid biosynthesis. These results will expand our understanding of complex molecular mechanism of the putative candidate genes involved in the dynamics development stage of fleshyroot in carmine radish.
Colchicine is associated with a decreased Risk for myocardial infarction in patients with Gout：A systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Duan Xinwang , Yu Le , Yuan Chen , Zhang Rongwei , Fan Jie , Zhang Xiuling , Xia Zhongbin 
Published: September 2019

Abstract
Objective: This meta-analysis aimed to identify the effects of Colchicine on myocardial infarction (MI) in patients with Gout. Methods: In July 2018, a systematic computer-based search was conducted in PubMed, EMBASE, and Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews. Data on patients with Gout that compared Colchicine versus others (non-used Colchicine) were retrieved. The endpoints were the incidence rate for MI. After testing for heterogeneity between studies, data were aggregated for random-effects models when necessary. Results: Three clinical studies with 114371 patients (Colchicine group=1063, control group=113308) were finally included in the meta-analysis. Colchicine was associated with a decreased Risk for myocardial infarction (95% CI, 0.25, 0.33, P=.000). Conclusions: Colchicine was efficacious in the reduction of the incidence rate for MI in patients with Gout.
Removal of ciprofloxacin from aqueous solution by electro-activated persulfate oxidation using aluminum electrodes
Authors: Malakootian Mohammad , Ahmadian Mohammad 
Published: September 2019

Abstract
The aim of this study was to determine the removal of ciprofloxacin (CIP) by the electro-persulfate (EC-PS) process using aluminum (Al) electrodes. The effects of variables including pH, contact time, PS concentration, initial CIP concentration and current density on the removal efficiency of CIP were studied. In order to determine the mechanisms of the EC-PS process, the radical scavenger tests, as well as energy dispersive spectroscopy (EDS) and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR) were performed on the sludge. The results showed that the PS process alone had no effect on the CIP removal, and the EC process alone could remove 25% of CIP after 160 min. However, the EC-PS process under the optimum conditions: pH of 7, time of 40 min, current density of 2.75 mA/cm2, CIP concentration of 20 mg/L, and PS concentration of 0.84 mM removed 90% of CIP. The effect of the EC-PS process on the actual hospital wastewater was 81% in optimal conditions. The kinetic study also showed that the second-order kinetic model was the most consistent. The oxidation process during the initial contact was dominant in the EC-PS process and, over time, the EC process was dominant for CIP removal.
Metabolic nephropathy in children: gender features of oxalate excretion, relationship with oxidative stress severity and antioxidant defense system
Authors: Aib N.R. 
Published: September 2019

Background. The purpose was to investigate gender features of oxalate excretion in metabolic nephropathy, the state of oxidative stress and antioxidant system, depending on oxalate excretion. Material and methods. One hundred seventy-six children with oxalate nephropathy and 84 healthy children were included in the study. Clinical, instrumental and laboratory methods were used. The level of lipid peroxidation (diene conjugates, malondialdehyde) and antioxidant protection enzyme (redox glutathione, glutathione peroxidase and serum catalase), and peroxidation of proteins (neutral and basic aldehyde and ketone derivatives of dinitrophenylhydrazone) were evaluated. Results. The level of oxalate excretion and oxalate/creatinine ratio in the first void urine of patients with metabolic nephropathy was significantly higher vs. control group (p < 0.05). The absolute risk of high and mode­rate oxalate excretion in girls was 62.0 % higher than that of boys (p < 0.05). The moderate and high oxalate/creatinine ratio was found in 57.0 % of girls and in 27.0 % of boys. Low levels of creatinine excretion and oxalate/creatinine ratio were detected in male patients (p < 0.05). All patients with metabolic nephropathy had significantly increased level of neutral aldehyde and ketone derivatives (p < 0.05) compared to control group. The level of basic aldehyde and ketone derivatives was significantly increased compared to controls in moderate and high oxalate excretion (p < 0.05). Moderate and severe oxalaturia in children with metabolic nephropathy was associated with a decreased plasma and erythrocytic malondialdehyde level compared to control group with mild oxalaturia (p1 < 0.05). In patients with metabolic nephropathy, the activation of the lipid peroxidation was accompanied by a significant decrease in superoxide dismutase, increased activity of catalase and glutathione peroxidase vs. control group (p < 0.05). Conclusions. There is gender dependence between the level of oxalate excretion in metabolic nephropathy; the state of oxidative stress and the system of peroxide oxidation depends on the intensity of first void urinary excretion of oxalates.
Uncontrolled measles in the age of controlled infections
Authors: Volyanska L.A. , Burbela E.I. , Romanyuk L.B. 
Published: September 2019

Background. In the last decade, the incidence of meas­les has a number of features. The infection migrates from country to country, from continent to continent within a year — a year and a half, despite the state of collective immunity in the territory of its spread. The age priority has disappeared, this infection has lost the status of pediatric, all age categories are affected, with a shift to 14–25 year olds. The purpose was to analyze the causes of insufficient control of the epidemiological process of measles in the Ternopil region in the context of situation in Ukraine. Materials and methods. The materials of the reporting documentation of the Main Epidemiological Service and the children’s infectious diseases hospitals of the Ternopil region were used. Results. In the region, some differences in the incidence of measles were observed. In general, they are a reflection of the nationwide problem of managing this infection. The amount of measles, which was recorded in the Ternopil region in 2001, exceeded the general Ukrainian indexes by almost 6 times, which was overcome by active vaccination already in the next peak 2005–2019, and bring the incidence to the republican levels. The regional peak incidence rates were at least 1 year ahead of the national ones, which indicates that this infection was imported into our region across the western border, since there is a coincidence with European data. Epidemic situation of measles in 2000–2019 has a clear dependence on the timeliness and completeness of vaccination coverage by age, state of population immunity. During 2011–2019, 10–18 year olds (65.27 %) with a positive vaccine history dominated in the statistics of measles cases in Ternopil. Among measles patients, the number of people vaccinated is increasing, especially among the age group of 10–18 years. The number of measles among infants is increasing due to the lack of immunity (post-vaccination or post-infectious) in Ukrainian mothers. The incidence rate is determined by the completeness of the coverage of the children’s population with calendar vaccinations. Incidence peak shifted to the period of 14–25 years makes it necessary to conduct regular revaccination against measles in this age.
Экспериментальное обоснование объема локального анестетика при выполнении блокады квадратной мышцы поясницы (quadratus lumborum block)
Authors: Zaletskyi B.V. , Dmytriiev D.V. , Pivtorak V.I. , Dusik A.V. , Kalinchuk O.O. , Konoplitskyi V.S. 
Published: September 2019

Актуальность. Блокада квадратной мышцы поясницы (qudratus lumborum block) находит широкое применение как компонент периоперационного обезболивания в абдоминальной хирургии у взрослых и мало используется в детской практике. Целью нашего исследования были изучение анатомических особенностей пространства квадратной мышцы поясницы и распределение местного анальгетика в пространстве в зависимости от введенной дозы, что позволит найти наиболее эффективную и безопасную дозу препаратов для обезболивания. Материалы и методы. Исследование проведено на 12 трупах лиц разных полов и возраста (20–73 года). Методом препарирования изучали топографоанатомические особенности мышц, фасциально-клетчаточных пространств, сосудов и нервов поясничной области. Выполнено послойное препарирование тканей поясничной области. Затем после визуализации целевых анатомических структур с помощью ультразвука в технике in-plane иглой 22 G выполнялось введение в передне-медиальном направлении в боковом положении по заднему краю квадратной мышцы поясницы (qudratus lumborum block) красителя метиленового синего для изу­чения распространения анестетика. Статистическую обработку полученных данных проводили с применением методов вариационной статистики с помощью программы Stаtistica 5.5 (принадлежит ЦНИТ ВНМУ им. Н.И. Пирогова, лицензионный № AXXR910A374605FA). Результаты. Исследовали площадь поверхности поперечной мышцы спины, которая колебалась в пределах 10,4–14,3 см2 и в среднем составляла 12,01 ± 2,30 см2. Исследование распределения раствора в пространстве квадратной мышцы поясницы в зависимости от дозы показало, что при применении дозы 0,2 мл/кг массы тела распределение раствора составляет в среднем всего 6,2 ± 2,1 см2, что не позволяет заполнить все пространство раствором, а при использовании дозы 0,3 мл/кг массы тела — 12,1 ± 1,4 см2, что вполне соответствует средней площади исследуемого пространства. Выводы. Изучение площади распределения раствора в пространстве квадратной мышцы поясницы позволяет предположить, что для обезболивания будет достаточно местного анестетика в дозе 0,3 мл/кг массы тела. Эта доза безопасна для использования как у взрослых, так и у детей. Клиническая эффективность требует дальнейшего изучения.
Порівняльна характеристика активності протеолізу за умов експериментального перитоніту та його розвитку на тлі цукрового діабету
Authors: Grynchuk F.V. , Grynchuk A.F. 
Published: September 2019

Актуальність зумовлена недостатнім вивченням стану протеолітичних реакцій за поєднання цукрового діабету (ЦД) iз гострим перитонітом (ГП), що дедалі частіше трапляється в практиці. Мета дослідження: вивчення особливостей протеолітичної активності плазми за ГП, що розвивається на тлі ЦД. Матеріали та методи. Сто білих нелінійних щурів. ГП моделювали шляхом черезстравохідної перфорації шлунка, ЦД — уведення 1,6% розчину алоксану. Вивчали протеолітичну активність плазми крові за азоказеїном (АзКз), азоальбуміном (АзАл), азоколагеном (АзКл). Тварини були поділені на групи: інтактні щури, тварини з модельованим ЦД, інтактні щури з модельованим ГП (перша група), тварини з модельованим ГП на тлі ЦД (друга група). Результати. Початковий рівень лізису АзКз і АзАл у тварин з модельованим ЦД був статистично вiрогiдно вищий. Рівень лізису АзКл майже не відрізнявся. Через 6 год з моменту моделювання ГП рівень лізису АзКз збільшився в обох групах, значно більше в першій, але цей показник все одно залишався меншим у першій групі. Значно збільшився рівень лізису АзАл. Рівень лізису АзКл у першій групі майже не змінився, а в другій групі значно зріс. Через 12 год рівень лізису АзКз у першій групі дещо знизився, а в другій групі продовжував зростати. Лізис АзАл суттєво зріс в обох групах, показники в другій групі були вищими. Рівень лізису АзКл у першій групі статистично вiрогiдно знизився, натомість у другій групі значно зріс. Через 24 год рівень лізису АзКз у першій групі суттєво не змінився, а у другій групі продовжував значно зростати. Рівень лізису АзАл у першій групі вірогідно зменшився, натомість у другій групі істотно зріс. Рівень лізису АзКл в обох групах істотно зріс. Через 48 год рівень лізису АзКз і АзАл зріс в обох групах, показники у другій групі були вищими. Рівень лізису АзКл у першій групі дещо знизився, а в другій групі продовжував зростати. Висновки. За експериментального цукрового діабету зростає активність лізису високомолекулярних і низькомолекулярних білків плазми крові. За експериментального гострого перитоніту активується протеолітична система плазми зі збереженням рівноваги між її ланками впродовж 24 годин. Розвиток гострого перитоніту у тварин iз модельованим цукровим діабетом вже через 6 годин суттєво відрізняється за кількісними характеристиками протеолітичної активності плазми крові, що проявляється її надмірним зростанням, розвитком дисбалансу між ланками протеолізу з ознаками виникнення неконтрольованого протеолізу через 24 год. Підґрунтям виявлених відмінностей є зміни функціональної активності протеолітичної системи, зумовлені впливом цукрового діабету, що створює передумови порушень механізмів регуляції запалення.