bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
MicroRNA Expression Profiling in the Prefrontal Cortex: Putative Mechanisms for the Cognitive Effects of Adolescent High Fat Feeding
Authors: Labouesse Marie A. , Polesel Marcello , Clementi Elena , Müller Flavia , Markkanen Enni , Mouttet Forouhar , Cattaneo Annamaria , Richetto Juliet 
Published: May 2018

AbstractThe medial prefrontal cortex (mPFC), master regulator of higher-order cognitive functions, is the only brain region that matures until late adolescence. During this period, the mPFC is sensitive to stressful events or suboptimal nutrition. For instance, high-fat diet (HFD) feeding during adolescence markedly impairs prefrontal-dependent cognition. It also provokes multiple changes at the cellular and synaptic scales within the mPFC, suggesting that major transcriptional events are elicited by HFD during this maturational period. The nature of this transcriptional reprogramming remains unknown, but may include epigenetic processes, in particular microRNAs, known to directly regulate synaptic functions. We used high–throughput screening in the adolescent mouse mPFC and identified 38 microRNAs differentially regulated by HFD, in particular mir-30e-5p. We used a luciferase assay to confirm the functional effect of mir-30e-5p on a chosen target: Ephrin-A3. Using global pathway analyses of predicted microRNA targets, we identified biological pathways putatively affected by HFD. Axon guidance was the top-1 pathway, validated by identifying gene expression changes of axon guidance molecules following HFD. Our findings delineate major microRNA transcriptional reprogramming within the mPFC induced by adolescent HFD. These results will help understanding the contribution of microRNAs in the emergence of cognitive deficits following early-life environmental events.
A non-invasive approach to estimate the energetic requirements of an increasing seabird population in a perturbed marine ecosystem
Authors: Gaglio Davide , Sherley Richard B. , Ryan Peter G. , Cook Timothée R. 
Published: May 2018

AbstractThere is a growing desire to integrate the food requirements of predators living in marine ecosystems impacted by humans into sustainable fisheries management. We used non-invasive video-recording, photography and focal observations to build time-energy budget models and to directly estimate the fish mass delivered to chicks by adult greater crested ternsThalasseus bergiibreeding in the Benguela ecosystem. Mean modelled adult daily food intake increased from 140.9 g·d−1of anchovyEngraulis capensisduring incubation to 171.7 g·d−1and 189.2 g·d−1when provisioning small and large chicks, respectively. Modelled prey intake expected to be returned to chicks was 58.3 g·d−1(95% credible intervals: 44.9–75.8 g·d−1) over the entire growth period. Based on our observations, chicks were fed 19.9 g·d−1(17.2–23.0 g·d−1) to 45.1 g·d−1(34.6–58.7 g·d−1) of anchovy during early and late provisioning, respectively. Greater crested terns have lower energetic requirements at the individual (range: 15–34%) and population level (range: 1–7%) than the other Benguela endemic seabirds that feed on forage fish. These modest requirements – based on a small body size and low flight costs – coupled with foraging plasticity have allowed greater crested terns to cope with changing prey availability, unlike the other seabirds species using the same exploited prey base.
Cancer Characteristic Gene Selection via Sample Learning Based on Deep Sparse Filtering
Authors: Liu Jian , Cheng Yuhu , Wang Xuesong , Zhang Lin , Wang Z. Jane 
Published: May 2018

AbstractIdentification of characteristic genes associated with specific biological processes of different cancers could provide insights into the underlying cancer genetics and cancer prognostic assessment. It is of critical importance to select such characteristic genes effectively. In this paper, a novel unsupervised characteristic gene selection method based on sample learning and sparse filtering, Sample Learning based on Deep Sparse Filtering (SLDSF), is proposed. With sample learning, the proposed SLDSF can better represent the gene expression level by the transformed sample space. Most unsupervised characteristic gene selection methods did not consider deep structures, while a multilayer structure may learn more meaningful representations than a single layer, therefore deep sparse filtering is investigated here to implement sample learning in the proposed SLDSF. Experimental studies on several microarray and RNA-Seq datasets demonstrate that the proposed SLDSF is more effective than several representative characteristic gene selection methods (e.g., RGNMF, GNMF, RPCA and PMD) for selecting cancer characteristic genes.
Cell behavior of the highly sticky bacterium Acinetobacter sp. Tol 5 during adhesion in laminar flows
Authors: Furuichi Yoshihide , Iwasaki Keita , Hori Katsutoshi 
Published: May 2018

AbstractIt is important to characterize how medically, industrially, or environmentally important bacteria adhere to surfaces in liquid flows in order to control their cell adhesion and subsequent biofilm formation. Acinetobacter sp. Tol 5 is a remarkably sticky bacterium that autoagglutinates through the adhesive nanofiber protein AtaA, which is applicable to cell immobilization in bioprocesses. In this study, the adhesion and behavior of Tol 5 cells in laminar flows were investigated using flow cell systems. Tol 5 cells autoagglutinated through AtaA and formed cell clumps during flowing. The cell clumps rather than single cells went downward due to gravity and adhered to the bottom surface. Under appropriate shear stress, a twin vortex was caused by a separated flow generated at the rear of the pre-immobilized cell clumps and carried the small cell clumps to this location, resulting in their stacking there. The rearward immobilized cell clumps developed into a large, stable aggregate with a streamlined shape, independent of cell growth. Cell clumps hardly ever developed under weak shear stress that could not generate a twin vortex and were broken up under excessively strong shear stress. These cell behaviors including the importance of clumping are interesting features in the bacterial adhesion processes.
Synthetic Lethality-based Identification of Targets for Anticancer Drugs in the Human Signaling Network
Authors: Liu Lei , Chen Xiujie , Hu Chunyu , Zhang Denan , Shao Zhuo , Jin Qing , Yang Jingbo , Xie Hongbo , Liu Bo , Hu Ming , Ke Kehui 
Published: May 2018

AbstractChemotherapy agents can cause serious adverse effects by attacking both cancer tissues and normal tissues. Therefore, we proposed a synthetic lethality (SL) concept-based computational method to identify specific anticancer drug targets. First, a 3-step screening strategy (network-based, frequency-based and function-based screening) was proposed to identify the SL gene pairs by mining 697 cancer genes and the human signaling network, which had 6306 proteins and 62937 protein-protein interactions. The network-based screening was composed of a stability score constructed using a network information centrality measure (the average shortest path length) and the distance-based screening between the cancer gene and the non-cancer gene. Then, the non-cancer genes were extracted and annotated using drug-target interaction and drug description information to obtain potential anticancer drug targets. Finally, the human SL data in SynLethDB, the existing drug sensitivity data and text-mining were utilized for target validation. We successfully identified 2555 SL gene pairs and 57 potential anticancer drug targets. Among them, CDK1, CDK2, PLK1 and WEE1 were verified by all three aspects and could be preferentially used in specific targeted therapy in the future.
Basal interferon signaling and therapeutic use of interferons in controlling rotavirus infection in human intestinal cells and organoids
Authors: Hakim Mohamad S. , Chen Sunrui , Ding Shihao , Yin Yuebang , Ikram Aqsa , Ma Xiao-xia , Wang Wenshi , Peppelenbosch Maikel P. , Pan Qiuwei 
Published: May 2018

AbstractRotavirus (RV) primarily infects enterocytes and results in severe diarrhea, particularly in children. It is known that the host immune responses determine the outcome of viral infections. Following infections, interferons (IFNs) are produced as the first and the main anti-viral cytokines to combat the virus. Here we showed that RV predominantly induced type III IFNs (IFN-λ1), and to a less extent, type I IFNs (IFN-α and IFN-β) in human intestinal cells. However, it did not produce detectable IFN proteins and thus, was not sufficient to inhibit RV replication. In contrast, we revealed the essential roles of the basal IFN signaling in limiting RV replication by silencing STAT1, STAT2 and IRF9 genes. In addition, exogenous IFN treatment demonstrated that RV replication was able to be inhibited by all types of IFNs, both in human intestinal Caco2 cell line and in primary intestinal organoids. In these models, IFNs significantly upregulated a panel of well-known anti-viral IFN-stimulated genes (ISGs). Importantly, inhibition of the JAK-STAT cascade abrogated ISG induction and the anti-RV effects of IFNs. Thus, our study shall contribute to better understanding of the complex RV-host interactions and provide rationale for therapeutic development of IFN-based treatment against RV infection.
Development of in vitro and in vivo neutralization assays based on the pseudotyped H7N9 virus
Authors: Tian Yabin , Zhao Hui , Liu Qiang , Zhang Chuntao , Nie Jianhui , Huang Weijing , Li Changgui , Li Xuguang , Wang Youchun 
Published: May 2018

AbstractH7N9 viral infections pose a great threat to both animal and human health. This avian virus cannot be handled in level 2 biocontainment laboratories, substantially hindering evaluation of prophylactic vaccines and therapeutic agents. Here, we report a high-titer pseudoviral system with a bioluminescent reporter gene, enabling us to visually and quantitatively conduct analyses of virus replications in both tissue cultures and animals. For evaluation of immunogenicity of H7N9 vaccines, we developed an in vitro assay for neutralizing antibody measurement based on the pseudoviral system; results generated by the in vitro assay were found to be strongly correlated with those by either hemagglutination inhibition (HI) or micro-neutralization (MN) assay. Furthermore, we injected the viruses into Balb/c mice and observed dynamic distributions of the viruses in the animals, which provides an ideal imaging model for quantitative analyses of prophylactic and therapeutic monoclonal antibodies. Taken together, the pseudoviral systems reported here could be of great value for both in vitro and in vivo evaluations of vaccines and antiviral agents without the need of wild type H7N9 virus.
In-vivo activation of vomeronasal neurons shows adaptive responses to pheromonal stimuli
Authors: Silvotti Lucia , Cavaliere Rosa Maria , Belletti Silvana , Tirindelli Roberto 
Published: May 2018

AbstractIn most mammals, the vomeronasal system has a pivotal role in mediating socio-sexual behaviours. The vomeronasal organ senses pheromones through the activation of specific receptors. Pheromone binding to cognate receptors activates Ca-influx via the gating of a cation channel that generates membrane depolarisation. The ex-vivo activation of vomeronasal neurons (VSNs) by pheromonal stimuli has been largely investigated by electrophysiological and imaging techniques; however, few studies have been carried out to determine the physiological responses of VSNs, in-vivo. By tracking the phosphorylation of S6 ribosomal protein as a marker of neuronal activity, we show that S6 becomes phosphorylated (pS6) in mouse VSNs stimulated by intraspecific and heterospecific pheromonal cues. We observed that female scent induces pS6 immunoreactivity in the apical VSNs of male vomeronasal epithelium, whereas male cues stimulate S6 phosphorylation in both the basal and apical VSNs of females. We also show that this dimorphic pattern of pS6 immunoreactivity is reproduced when heterospecific stimuli are used. Moreover, we found that a consistent proportion of VSNs is activated by both heterospecific and intraspecific pheromones. Additionally, we have evidence of adaptive responses to S6 phosphorylation when stimulation with cues of the same and opposite sex and of different species is sustained.
The effect of duplex Surface mechanical attrition and nitriding treatment on corrosion resistance of stainless steel 316L
Authors: Li Nana , Wang Ning 
Published: May 2018

AbstractSurface mechanical attrition treatment (SMAT) fabricates a nanostructured layer on the surface of 316L that possesses excellent mechanical properties. In this paper a duplex process combining SMAT with nitriding was performed, then the microstructure, hardness and corrosion properties of the treated materials were investigated by using X-ray diffraction (XRD), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), hardness tests, potentiodynamic polarization measurements, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) and secondary ion mass spectrometry (SIMS). The results showed that this duplex surface treatment can effectively increase the hardness and corrosion resistance of the treated surface both at room temperature and in the simulated steam generator (SG) condition at high temperature and high pressure.
Transcriptome analysis in Hevea brasiliensis latex revealed changes in hormone signalling pathways during ethephon stimulation and consequent Tapping Panel Dryness
Authors: Montoro Pascal , Wu Shuangyang , Favreau Bénédicte , Herlinawati Eva , Labrune Cécile , Martin-Magniette Marie-Laure , Pointet Stéphanie , Rio Maryannick , Leclercq Julie , Ismawanto Sigit , Kuswanhadi  
Published: May 2018

AbstractTapping Panel Dryness (TPD) affects latex production in Hevea brasiliensis. This physiological syndrome involves the agglutination of rubber particles, which leads to partial or complete cessation of latex flow. Latex harvesting consists in tapping soft bark. Ethephon can be applied to stimulate latex flow and its regeneration in laticifers. Several studies have reported transcriptome changes in bark tissues. This study is the first report on deep RNA sequencing of latex to compare the effect of ethephon stimulation and TPD severity. Trees were carefully selected for paired-end sequencing using an Illumina HiSeq 2000. In all, 43 to 60 million reads were sequenced for each treatment in three biological replicates (slight TPD trees without ethephon stimulation, and slight and severe TPD trees with ethephon treatment). Differentially expressed genes were identified and annotated, giving 8,111 and 728 in response to ethephon in slight TPD trees and in ethephon-induced severe TPD trees, respectively. A biological network of responses to ethephon and TPD highlighted the major influence of metabolic processes and the response to stimulus, especially wounding and jasmonate depression in TPD-affected trees induced by ethephon stimulation.
The Development of Bilingual Narrative Retelling Among Spanish–English Dual Language Learners Over Two Years
Authors: Lucero Audrey 
Published: May 2018

Purpose
This exploratory study investigates the development of oral narrative retell proficiency among Spanish–English emergent bilingual children longitudinally from kindergarten to second grade in Spanish and English as they learned literacy in the 2 languages concurrently.

Method

Oral narrative retell assessments were conducted with children who spoke Spanish at home and were enrolled in a dual language immersion program (
N
= 12) in the spring of kindergarten and second grade. Retells were transcribed and coded for vocabulary and grammar at the microlevel (Miller, Andriacchi, & Nockerts, 2015, 2016) and story structure at the macrolevel (Heilmann, Miller, Nockerts, & Dunaway, 2010).

Results

In microstructure paired-sample
t
tests, children showed significant improvements in vocabulary in both languages (Spanish total number of words η
2
= .43, Spanish number of different words η
2
= .44, English total number of words η
2
= .61, English number of different words η
2
= .62) but not grammar by second grade. At the macrostructure level, children showed significantly higher performance in English only (English narrative scoring scheme η
2
= .47).

Conclusions
The finding that children significantly improved in vocabulary in both languages but in overall story structure only in English suggests that discourse skills were being facilitated in English whereas Spanish discourse development may have stagnated even within a dual language immersion program. Results contribute to what is currently known about bilingual oral narrative development among young Spanish speakers enrolled in such programs and can inform assessment and instructional decisions.
Catching a star before explosion: the luminous blue variable progenitor of SN 2015bh
Authors: Boian I. , Groh J. H. 
Published: May 2018

In this paper we analyse the pre-explosion spectrum of SN2015bh by performing radiative transfer simulations using the CMFGEN code. This object has attracted significant attention due to its remarkable similarity to SN2009ip in both its pre- and post-explosion behaviour. They seem to belong to a class of events for which the fate as a genuine core-collapse supernova or a non-terminal explosion is still under debate. Our CMFGEN models suggest that the progenitor of SN2015bh had an effective temperature between 8700 and 10 000 K, had a luminosity in the range ≃1.8−4.74 × 106 L⊙, contained at least 25% H in mass at the surface, and had half-solar Fe abundances. The results also show that the progenitor of SN2015bh generated an extended wind with a mass-loss rate of ≃6 × 10−4 to 1.5 × 10−3 M⊙ yr−1 and a velocity of 1000km s−1. We determined that the wind extended to at least 2.57 × 1014 cm and lasted for at least 30 days prior to the observations, releasing 5 × 10−5 M⊙ into the circumstellar medium. In analogy to 2009ip, we propose that this is the material that the explosive ejecta could interact at late epochs, perhaps producing observable signatures that can be probed with future observations. We conclude that the progenitor of SN2015bh was most likely a warm luminous blue variable of at least 35 M⊙ before the explosion. Considering the high wind velocity, we cannot exclude the possibility that the progenitor was a Wolf–Rayet (WR) star that inflated just before the 2013 eruption, similar to HD5980 during its 1994 episode. If the star survived, late-time spectroscopy may reveal either a similar luminous blue variable (LBV) or a WR star, depending on the mass of the H envelope before the explosion. If the star exploded as a genuine supernova (SN), 2015bh would be a remarkable case of a successful explosion after black hole formation in a star with a possible minimum mass 35 M⊙ at the pre-SN stage.
The interaction of multiple stellar winds in stellar clusters: potential flow
Authors: Scherer K. , Noack A. , Kleimann J. , Fichtner H. , Weis K. 
Published: May 2018

Context. While several studies have investigated large-scale cluster winds resulting from an intra-cluster interaction of multiple stellar winds, as yet they have not provided details of the bordering flows inside a given cluster.
Aims. The present work explores the principal structure of the combined flow resulting from the interaction of multiple stellar winds inside stellar clusters.
Methods. The theory of complex potentials is applied to analytically investigate stagnation points, boundaries between individual outflows, and the hydrodynamic structure of the asymptotic large-scale cluster wind. In a second part, these planar considerations are extended to fully three-dimensional, asymmetric configurations of wind-driving stars.
Results. We find (i) that one can distinguish regions in the large-scale cluster wind that are determined by the individual stellar winds, (ii) that there are comparatively narrow outflow channels, and (iii) that the large-scale cluster wind asymptotically approaches spherical symmetry at large distances.
Conclusions. The combined flow inside a stellar cluster resulting from the interaction of multiple stellar winds is highly structured.
Effect of rotational excitation of H2 on isotopic exchange reaction with OD− at low temperatures
Authors: Roučka Š. , Rednyk S. , Kovalenko A. , Tran T. D. , Plašil R. , Kálosi Á. , Dohnal P. , Gerlich D. , Glosík J. 
Published: May 2018

Aims. This paper presents experimentally obtained rate coefficients for the weakly endothermic reaction OD− + H2 → OH− + HD with ortho- and para-hydrogen at astrophysically relevant temperatures between 10 and 300 K.
Methods. The reaction was studied with normal and para-enriched (99.5% para-H2) hydrogen in a 22-pole ion trap. The measured temperature dependencies of reaction rate coefficients are analyzed using a model which assumes that the rotational energies of the two reactants are equivalent to the translational energy in driving the reaction.
Results. At room temperature, the rate coefficients of reactions with both nuclear spin variants reach 7 × 10−11 cm3 s−1, which is in good agreement with the previous results from ion trap and swarm experiments with normal hydrogen. Cooling down the trap slows down the reaction and leads, at a nominal trap temperature of 11 K, to a rate coefficient below 10−14 cm3 s−1 for para-enriched hydrogen. The fitted reaction endothermicity of 25.3 ± 2.2 meV agrees well with the literature value calculated in the Born-Oppenheimer approximation, ΔH0 = 24.0 meV. A simpler evaluation procedure, fitting the data with Arrhenius functions, results in pk = 16.8 × 10−11 exp(−234 K/T) cm3 s−1 for pure para-hydrogen and ok = 9.4 × 10−11 exp(−101 K/T) cm3 s−1 for pure orthohydrogen.
Methods for Structural Stress Determination according to EN 13445-3 Annex NA – Comparison with other Codes for Unfired Pressure Vessels
Authors: Trieglaff Ralf , Rudolph Jürgen , Beckert Martin , Friers Daniel 
Published: May 2018

The European Pressure Vessel Standard EN 13445 provides in its part 3 (Design) a simplified method (Clause 17) and a detailed method for fatigue assessment (Clause 18). Clause 18 “Detailed Assessment of Fatigue Life” is under revision within the framework of the European working group CEN/TC 54/WG 53 – Design methods with the aim of reaching a significant increase in user-friendliness and a clear guideline for the application.
This paper is focused on the new informative annex NA ”Instructions for structural stress oriented finite elements analyses using brick and shell elements”. As an essential amendment for the practical user, the determination of structural stress ranges for fatigue assessment of welds is further specified in this new annex. Different application methods for the determination of structural stresses are explained in connection with the requirements for finite element models and analyses.
This paper will give a short overview of the proposed approaches of structural stress determination in annex NA of the revised EN 13445-3. It will present the status of the approaches based on the results of fatigue analyses according to EN 13445-3 Clause 18 for different application examples.
For verification purposes, the results of the approaches proposed in EN 13445-3 are compared with the results of other pressure vessel design codes for nuclear and non-nuclear application.