bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Social Relational Notions of Successful Aging: Contesting Dominant Individualized Conceptions of Successful Aging By Examining Migrant Intergenerational Lived Experiences
Authors: Nguyen Hien Thi , Baldassar Loretta , Wilding Raelene , Jones Bronte 
Published: November 2024

Abstract

Background and Objectives
Critiques of the concept of successful aging (SA) include attention to its foundation on an individualized western medical approach that emphasizes personal choice, agency, and lifestyle. This paper aims to examine how individual notions of SA can be linked to, and co-constituted by, relational and intergenerational notions of personhood within the broader socioeconomic, familial, and cultural contexts of migration.

Research Design and Methods
Qualitative research was conducted in Australia (2020–2021) with 42 Vietnamese migrants using ethnographic interviews and participant observation. Data analysis applied inductive reasoning and intersectional analysis to investigate the notion of SA from the perspectives of research participants.

Results
Vietnamese migrants identified 3 dimensions of SA as significant: family fulfillment, individual achievements, and social engagement and protection. Family fulfilment is the most important; other dimensions are rendered meaningless without it. We found out that different generations interpreted SA in varying ways. Adult children prioritize personal success, self-independence, and longevity whereas grandparents place greater emphasis on the success of their adult children and maintenance of intergenerational relationships.

Discussion and Implications
Migrant understandings of SA are deeply influenced by the sociocultural contexts of both their homeland and current residence. The emphasis on family in shaping SA reflects a social–relational understanding that contrasts with dominant individualistic models of SA. Given the social–relational dimension of SA, further research should investigate how distinct migrant experiences of SA shape access to wellbeing in later life.
Research on Religion and Aging Among Black Americans and Mexican Americans: The Impact of the National Institute on Aging
Authors: Taylor Robert Joseph , Kim Elissa , Chatters Linda M , Nguyen Ann W 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
For 50 years, the National Institute on Aging (NIA) has supported and promoted research on religious involvement among older adult populations. NIA funding of research on religious involvement has (i) broadened our understanding of how religious involvement is conceptualized and measured; (ii) explored the important role of social networks and interactions within religious communities in relation to congregants’ health; (iii) supported research on national samples of the U.S. population that explore demographic variability in religious practices and beliefs, as well as their social correlates; and (iv) examined health-relevant frameworks and topics in relation to religion’s association with physical and mental health and well-being. This article focuses on research on African Americans and Mexican Americans as well as comparative work involving non-Latino Whites. Selected topics in religion and aging include Conceptualization and Measurement of Religious Participation; Religious Participation; Religion and Mental Health; Religion and Physical Health, Church-Based Informal Support, Church Support, and Mental and Physical Health; Religious Coping; and the Use of Clergy for serious problems. NIA’s long record of support for scholarship and research has significantly enriched our understanding of why and how religion matters for the health and social well-being of diverse populations of older adults.
Prosthesis selection for reconstruction of superior vena cava: comparison of midterm patency rates
Authors: Cho Han , Sohn Suk Ho , Choi Jae Woong , Hwang Ho Young , Kim Kyung Hwan , Na Kwon Joong , Kang Chang Hyun 
Published: November 2024

Abstract

OBJECTIVES
This study compared the mid-term patency of expanded polytetrafluoroethylene grafts without rings versus that of bovine pericardial conduits used for superior vena cava reconstruction for various thoracic diseases.

METHODS
Among 80 patients who underwent superior vena cava resection and reconstruction between 2009 and 2023 at our institution, 31 patients who received polytetrafluoroethylene grafts without rings (Polytetrafluoroethylene group) and 28 patients who received bovine pericardial conduits (Bovine group) were enrolled. Median follow-up durations were 19.5 and 64.6 months in the Polytetrafluoroethylene and Bovine groups, respectively. Primary outcome was midterm graft patency rate, and secondary outcomes were early and midterm clinical outcomes, including all-cause mortality and superior vena cava reintervention.

RESULTS
Operative mortality was 1.7%. Cumulative incidence of all-cause mortality was not significantly different between the groups. Graft occlusion was detected in 22 patients. Cumulative incidence of graft occlusion was 24.2%, 36.4%, 42.4%, 48.5% and 60.6% at 1 month, 3 months, 6 months, 1 year and 2 years, respectively, in the Bovine group, whereas no graft occlusion was observed in the Polytetrafluoroethylene group (P = 0.007). Although the incidence of graft occlusion was higher in the Bovine group, cumulative incidence of reintervention was not significantly different between the groups (0.0% vs 3.0% in Polytetrafluoroethylene vs Bovine groups at 1 year, P = 0.406). Multivariate analysis demonstrated that bovine pericardial conduit (polytetrafluoroethylene graft as reference) and left brachiocephalic vein reconstruction (right brachiocephalic vein reconstruction as reference) were significant risk factors for graft occlusion.

CONCLUSIONS
In superior vena cava reconstruction, polytetrafluoroethylene grafts without rings were superior to bovine pericardial conduits in terms of midterm graft patency.
ChatGPT, can you solve the content moderation dilemma?
Authors: Vargas Penagos Emmanuel 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
This article conducts a qualitative test of the potential use of large language models (LLMs) for online content moderation. It identifies human rights challenges arising from the use of LLMs for that purpose. Different companies (and members of the technical community) have tested LLMs in this context, but such examinations have not yet been centred in human rights. This article, framed within EU law—particularly the EU Digital Services Act and the European human rights framework—delimits the potential challenges and benefits of LLMs in content moderation. As such, this article starts by explaining the rationale for content moderation at policy and practical levels, as well as the working of LLMs. It follows with a summary of previous technical tests conducted on LLMs for content moderation. Then, it outlines the results of a test conducted on ChatGPT and OpenAI’s ‘GPTs’ service. Finally, it concludes with the main human rights implications identified in using LLMs for content moderation.
Relevance of therapeutic prescription modifications in Dutch community pharmacies
Authors: van Loon Ellen , Heringa Mette , Floor-Schreudering Annemieke , de Smet Peter , Bouvy Marcel 
Published: November 2024

Abstract

Objectives
Community pharmacists modify prescriptions to solve or prevent drug-related problems. To assess the relevance of prescription modifications, they are usually judged on clinical outcomes only, overlooking their humanistic and economic impact. This study aims to evaluate therapeutic prescription modifications performed by Dutch community pharmacists in terms of clinical outcome, along with the humanistic aspect “usability” and economic aspect “efficiency.”

Methods
A multidisciplinary panel evaluated the relevance of 160 cases of therapeutic prescription modifications collected in community pharmacies. Cases were stratified for type of drug-related problem based on their frequency in the original set of modifications. Both the relevance in general and the impact on the individual aspects of effectiveness and medication safety, usability, and efficiency were evaluated.

Key findings
Sixteen cases (10.0%) were excluded because of insufficient information for evaluation. Sixty percent of the 144 cases were evaluated as relevant (56.3% relevant and 4.2% highly relevant). The remaining cases (31.9%) were moderately relevant. For 7.6% of the cases, evaluations were inconclusive. In 25.0% of the cases, there was a major improvement on at least one of the aspects effectiveness, medication safety, usability, or efficiency.

Conclusions
The majority of therapeutic prescription modifications performed by Dutch community pharmacists were evaluated as relevant or highly relevant by a multidisciplinary panel. Modifications improved clinical, humanistic, and economic aspects. This shows the important role of community pharmacists in primary healthcare. Sharing more clinical information like indication, illness severity, and treatment plan will enable pharmacists to improve their contribution to safe medication use.
Discrete-to-continuum rates of convergence for nonlocal p-Laplacian evolution problems
Authors: Weihs Adrien , Fadili Jalal , Thorpe Matthew 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
Higher-order regularization problem formulations are popular frameworks used in machine learning, inverse problems and image/signal processing. In this paper, we consider the computational problem of finding the minimizer of the Sobolev $\mathrm{W}^{1,p}$ semi-norm with a data-fidelity term. We propose a discretization procedure and prove convergence rates between our numerical solution and the target function. Our approach consists of discretizing an appropriate gradient flow problem in space and time. The space discretization is a non-local approximation of the $p$-Laplacian operator and our rates directly depend on the localization parameter $\varepsilon _{n}$ and the time mesh-size $\tau _{n}$. We precisely characterize the asymptotic behaviour of $\varepsilon _{n}$ and $\tau _{n}$ in order to ensure convergence to the considered minimizer. Finally, we apply our results to the setting of random graph models.
Estimates for Smooth Weyl Sums on Major Arcs
Authors: Brüdern Jörg , Wooley Trevor D 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
We present estimates for smooth Weyl sums of use on sets of major arcs in applications of the Hardy–Littlewood method. In particular, we derive mean value estimates on major arcs for smooth Weyl sums of degree $k$ delivering essentially optimal bounds for moments of order $u$ whenever $u&gt;2\lfloor k/2\rfloor +4$.
The USP35-CXCR3 Axis plays an oncogenic role in JeKo-1 mantle cell lymphoma cells
Authors: Zou Zongkai , Chen Shumin , Wu Yonghe , Ji Siling 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
In B cells, the chemokine receptor CXCR3 is expressed only by a subset of B cells. However, CXCR3 is highly expressed in a rare type of B-cell lymphoma known as Mantle Cell Lymphoma (MCL) and CXCR3 inhibitor impairs proliferation and induces apoptosis in the MCL cell line JeKo-1. Despite this, the mechanism responsible for maintaining high levels of CXCR3 in MCL cells remains unclear. In this study, we assessed CXCR3 expression and amplification in MCL samples and confirmed that CXCR3 is overexpressed in MCL tissues. We also observed that CXCR3 amplification is present in a small portion of MCL patients and is associated with MCL classification. We then screened ubiquitin-specific proteases (USPs) that might control the degradation of CXCR3 protein. Our investigation revealed that USP35 acts as a potent stabilizer of CXCR3 protein. Knockdown of USP35 substantially reduced the CXCR3 protein levels in JeKo-1 cells, resulting in reduced cell viability, cell cycle arrest, increased apoptosis, and mitigated migration and invasion in these cells. At the molecular level, USP35 deubiquitinates and stabilizes CXCR3. USP35 deficiency attenuated the activation of the JAK1/STAT1 pathway and reduced the expression of β-catenin and c-Myc in JeKo-1 cells. Furthermore, we observed that overexpression of CXCR3 rescued the impaired tumorigenicity of USP35-deficient JeKo-1 cells, and the mechanism may be related to the fact that USP35 promotes CXCR3 deubiquitination to stabilize its expression. These findings collectively demonstrate the oncogenic role of the USP35-CXCR3 axis in JeKo-1 MCL cells.
Aromatic amino acid metabolism and active transport regulation are implicated in microbial persistence in fractured shale reservoirs
Authors: Ugwuodo Chika Jude , Colosimo Fabrizio , Adhikari Jishnu , Purvine Samuel O , Eder Elizabeth K , Hoyt David W , Wright Stephanie A , Lipton Mary S , Mouser Paula J 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
Hydraulic fracturing has unlocked vast amounts of hydrocarbons trapped within unconventional shale formations. This large-scale engineering approach inadvertently introduces microorganisms into the hydrocarbon reservoir, allowing them to inhabit a new physical space and thrive in the unique biogeochemical resources present in the environment. Advancing our fundamental understanding of microbial growth and physiology in this extreme subsurface environment is critical to improving biofouling control efficacy and maximizing opportunities for beneficial natural resource exploitation. Here, we used metaproteomics and exometabolomics to investigate the biochemical mechanisms underpinning the adaptation of model bacterium Halanaerobium congolense WG10 and mixed microbial consortia enriched from shale-produced fluids to hypersalinity and very low reservoir flow rates (metabolic stress). We also queried the metabolic foundation for biofilm formation in this system, a major impediment to subsurface energy exploration. For the first time, we report that H. congolense WG10 accumulates tyrosine for osmoprotection, an indication of the flexible robustness of stress tolerance that enables its long-term persistence in fractured shale environments. We also identified aromatic amino acid synthesis and cell wall maintenance as critical to biofilm formation. Finally, regulation of transmembrane transport is key to metabolic stress adaptation in shale bacteria under very low well flow rates. These results provide unique insights that enable better management of hydraulically fractured shale systems, for more efficient and sustainable energy extraction.
Jansen metaphyseal chondrodysplasia: analysis of craniofacial manifestations
Authors: Obiezu Fiona , Almpani Konstantinia , Kim Hung Jeffrey , Zalewski Christopher , Chu Emily , Jahanmir Golnar , Roszko Kelly L , Boyce Alison , Farhadi Faraz , Weinstein Lee S , Gafni Rachel I , Ferreira Carlos R , Jüppner Harald , Collins Michael T , Lee Janice S , Jha Smita 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
Jansen metaphyseal chondrodysplasia (JMC) is an ultra-rare disorder caused by constitutive activation of parathyroid hormone type 1 receptor (PTH1R). We sought to characterize the craniofacial phenotype of patients with the disease. Six patients with genetically confirmed JMC underwent comprehensive craniofacial phenotyping revealing a distinct facial appearance that prompted a cephalometric analysis demonstrating a pattern of mandibular retrognathia. Oral examination was notable for flat and shallow palate, delayed eruption pattern, and impacted maxillary teeth. Subclinical and/or mild hearing loss was noted in 4 of 5 patients studied. The most common etiology was conductive, likely due to overcrowding of epitympanum which impedes the normal vibration of ossicles to sound. Paranasal sinus obliteration was noted in 5 of 6 patients. Computed tomography (CT) scan evaluation of craniofacial bones revealed bilaterally symmetric expansile lesions with predominant involvement of neural crest cell (NCC)-derived bones. Bilateral narrowing of facial nerve canals, particularly at the labyrinthine segment, was seen in 5 of 6 patients when compared to age-matched controls; 1 patient presented with progressive facial nerve palsy. Sagittal suture craniosynostosis was present in 5 of 6 patients—one of whom had a history of cranial reconstruction for pansynostosis in infancy. All patients demonstrated a significant degree of upper airway stenosis, as well as a more anterior hyoid bone displacement. Two patients had a diagnosis of obstructive sleep apnea. 18F-NaF Positron-emission tomography (PET)-CT revealed increased uptake associated with the skull base and gnathic bones in all patients. In conclusion, this first detailed systematic evaluation of the craniofacial phenotype of patients with JMC demonstrates a distinct and pronounced phenotype that predominantly affects the NCC-derived cranial bones indicating a critical role of PTH1R signaling in their development. These affects can result in significant disease-related morbidity, include hearing loss, nerve compression, craniosynostosis, dentoskeletal malocclusion, and airway compromise; all of which require close monitoring.
Administration and cancer-control outcomes of bone-modifying agents in real-world patients with metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer
Authors: Wenzel Mike , Hoeh Benedikt , Humke Clara , Welte Maria , Cano Garcia Cristina , Siech Carolin , Saad Fred , Karakiewcz Pierre I , Tilki Derya , Steuber Thomas , Graefen Markus , Traumann Miriam , Chun Felix K H , Mandel Philipp 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
Hormonal agents administered for metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer (mCRPC) may lead to osteoporosis, skeletal events, reduced quality of life, and even reduced overall survival (OS). Bone-modifying agents may prevent those events but their effect on cancer-control outcomes remains uncertain. Relying on our institutional tertiary-care database, we explored the effect of bone-modifying agents (bisphosphonates such as zoledronic acid and denosumab) on OS and progression-free survival in patients with mCRPC with at least 1 bone metastasis using Kaplan-Meyer estimates and Cox regression models. Of 420 patients with mCRPC, 60% received bone-modifying agents who were younger (68 vs 69 years), with more systemic treatment lines for mCRPC (3 vs 2), and a higher proportion of initial de novo metastatic disease (72% vs 62%, all p ≤ .04) than patients without bone-modifying agents. In progression-free survival analyses, no significant differences were observed between both groups. In OS analyses, significant median OS differences were observed in favor of patients with bone-modifying agents (58 vs 45 months; hazard ratio [HR]: 0.66), even after multivariable adjustment (HR: 0.37; both p ≤ .01). In bone-modifying agent–stratified analyses, 57% received denosumab vs 43% bisphosphonates, with a significantly higher rate of Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group status of ≥2 in the bisphosphonates group. In progression-free and OS analyses, no significant differences were observed between bisphosphonates and denosumab patients, with numerically better results in progression-free survival analysis for denosumab after adjusting for covariates. The cumulative rate of osteonecrosis of the jaw at any treatment time was 12% in both groups and significantly decreased over time. Real-world data suggest a relatively low administration rate of bone-modifying agents in patients with osseous mCRPC. However, real-world data also suggest an OS benefit when bone-modifying agents are used, even after controlling for possible confounding patient and tumor characteristics.
Inferring bivariate associations with continuous data from studies using respondent-driven sampling
Authors: Malatesta Samantha , Jacobson Karen R , Carney Tara , Kolaczyk Eric D , Gile Krista J , White Laura F 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
Respondent-driven sampling (RDS) is a link-tracing sampling design that was developed to sample from hidden populations. Although associations between variables are of great interest in epidemiological research, there has been little statistical work on inference on relationships between variables collected through RDS. The link-tracing design, combined with homophily, the tendency for people to connect to others with whom they share characteristics, induces similarity between linked individuals. This dependence inflates the Type 1 error of conventional statistical methods (e.g. t-tests, regression, etc.). A semiparametric randomization test for bivariate association was developed to test for association between two categorical variables. We directly extend this work and propose a semiparametric randomization test for relationships between two variables, when one or both are continuous. We apply our method to variables that are important for understanding tuberculosis epidemiology among people who smoke illicit drugs in Worcester, South Africa.
A Bayesian spatio-temporal Poisson auto-regressive model for the disease infection rate: application to COVID-19 cases in England
Authors: Alaimo Di Loro Pierfrancesco , Böhning Dankmar , Sahu Sujit K 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
The COVID-19 pandemic provided new modelling challenges to investigate epidemic processes. This paper extends Poisson auto-regression to incorporate spatio-temporal dependence and characterize the local dynamics by borrowing information from adjacent areas. Adopted in a fully Bayesian framework and implemented through a novel sparse-matrix representation in Stan, the model has been validated through a simulation study. We use it to analyse the weekly COVID-19 cases in the English local authority districts and verify some of the epidemic-driving factors. The model detects substantial spatio-temporal heterogeneity and enables the formalization of novel model-based investigation methods for assessing additional aspects of disease epidemiology.
Defining digital humanities and examining its relationship with linguistics through the lens of Digital Scholarship in the Humanities
Authors: Yan Jianwei , Li Qidi , Liu Haitao 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
Digital humanities (DH) is an emerging interdisciplinary academic field that has gained prominence in recent decades. This study explores the evolution of topics, research impact, and attractiveness of DH through the lens of the journal Digital Scholarship in the Humanities (DSH), a leading platform for DH research, from 1986 to 2023 (in three phases: 1986–2003, 2004–2014, and 2015–2023). The study also examines the role of linguistic research in DH. The results reveal that: (1) the primary themes and trends in DH research have evolved from text encoding and analysis to critical studies of technology, infrastructure, and knowledge production; (2) the citation patterns demonstrate the growing influence and recognition of DH within the humanities and computer sciences; (3) European and North American scholars have dominated DH networks, but new centers and scholars are emerging in Asia, South America, and Oceania; and (4) linguistics-related publications have given less attention to specific linguistic features but have provided vital intellectual support for DH. This study provides a data-based perspective on the development and direction of DH, and demonstrates the value of linguistic methods for mapping scholarly fields over time. Based on these findings, suggestions are made for scholars interested in DH.