bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Health Research Using Facebook to Identify and Recruit Pregnant Women Who Use Electronic Cigarettes: Internet-Based Nonrandomized Pilot Study
Authors: Lee Harold H , Hsieh Yuli Patrick , Murphy Joe , Tidey Jennifer W , Savitz David A 
Published: July 2019

Background
Participant recruitment is often a challenge, particularly enrolling individuals with relatively rare characteristics. The wide reach of social media may provide a mechanism to overcome these challenges.

Objective
This paper aimed to provide information to researchers who seek to recruit participants from rare populations using social media for studies with demanding protocols. We aimed to describe a pilot study protocol that identified and enrolled pregnant women (second or third trimester) who were exclusive users of electronic cigarettes (e-cigarettes). We have described the recruitment methods, time, and cost; examined advertisement types that were more or less successful; discussed participant retention and relationship management; and described the process of collecting biological data.

Methods
In an open-access, nonrandomized pilot study, we placed Facebook advertisements that were selectively targeting women who were likely to be pregnant and interested in e-cigarettes or vaping. The advertisements invited individuals to complete a fully automated eligibility screener based on Qualtrics. Eligible participants were asked to (1) complete a Web-based survey that collected detailed information on the use of e-cigarettes, including the exact type of device and electronic liquid, (2) report the frequency and intensity of e-cigarette use for 3 months before pregnancy and during each trimester, and (3) provide a saliva specimen for a nicotine biomarker assay. We collected a photograph of each participant’s e-cigarette device, 8 weeks after the mother’s due date, to allow corroboration of the self-report and the baby’s birth weight and gestational age from the participant’s physician.

Results
Participants were recruited between August 19 and October 26, 2017. We enrolled 20 participants in 2 months at a cost of US $3421.28. Baseline data were collected for all 20 participants. Of the 20 women enrolled, 16 provided a saliva sample, 4 provided a photo of the e-cigarette device, and 10 provided physician contact information. Of the 10 physicians contacted by mail, 6 responded with information on the participants and their babies.

Conclusions
Study findings suggest that Facebook’s targeting criteria should focus on e-cigarette users to maximize advertisement exposure of potentially eligible women. In addition, saliva sample collection was feasible among pregnant women (second or third trimester) who were exclusive e-cigarette users, but obtaining photographs and physician reports was problematic and called for further refinement. These lessons are likely useful to others who are seeking to use social media to recruit participants from rare populations into studies with demanding protocols.
Cost-Effectiveness of Therapist-Guided Internet-Based Cognitive Behavioral Therapy for Stress-Related Disorders: Secondary Analysis of a Randomized Controlled Trial
Authors: Lindsäter Elin , Axelsson Erland , Salomonsson Sigrid , Santoft Fredrik , Ljótsson Brjánn , Åkerstedt Torbjörn , Lekander Mats , Hedman-Lagerlöf Erik 
Published: July 2019

Background
Stress-related disorders are associated with significant suffering, functional impairment, and high societal costs. Internet-based cognitive behavioral therapy (ICBT) is a promising treatment for stress-related disorders but has so far not been subjected to health economic evaluation.

Objective
The objective of this study was to evaluate the cost-effectiveness and cost-utility of ICBT for patients with stress-related disorders in the form of adjustment disorder (AD) or exhaustion disorder (ED). We hypothesized that ICBT, compared with a waitlist control (WLC) group, would generate improvements at low net costs, thereby making it cost-effective.

Methods
Health economic data were obtained in tandem with a randomized controlled trial of a 12-week ICBT in which patients (N=100) were randomized to an ICBT (n=50) or a WLC (n=50) group. Health outcomes and costs were surveyed pre- and posttreatment. We calculated incremental cost-effectiveness ratios (ICERs) based on remission rates and incremental cost-utility ratios (ICURs) based on health-related quality of life. Bootstrap sampling was used to assess the uncertainty of our results.

Results
The ICER indicated that the most likely scenario was that ICBT led to higher remission rates compared with the WLC and was associated with slightly larger reductions in costs from pre- to posttreatment. ICBT had a 60% probability of being cost-effective at a willingness to pay (WTP) of US $0 and a 96% probability of being cost-effective at a WTP of US $1000. The ICUR indicated that ICBT also led to improvements in quality of life at no net societal cost. Sensitivity analyses supported the robustness of our results.

Conclusions
The results suggest that ICBT is a cost-effective treatment for patients suffering from AD or ED. Compared with no treatment, ICBT for these patients yields large effects at no or minimal societal net costs.

Trial Registration
ClinicalTrials.gov NCT02540317; https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT02540317
Social Media Outrage in Response to a School-Based Substance Use Survey: Qualitative Analysis
Authors: Gassman Ruth Ann , Dutta Tapati , Agley Jon , Jayawardene Wasantha , Jun Mikyoung 
Published: July 2019

Background
School-based alcohol, tobacco, and other drug use (ATOD) surveys are a common epidemiological means of understanding youth risk behaviors. They can be used to monitor national trends and provide data, in aggregate, to schools, communities, and states for the purposes of funding allocation, prevention programming, and other supportive infrastructure. However, such surveys sometimes are targeted by public criticism, and even legal action, often in response to a lack of perceived appropriateness. The ubiquity of social media has added the risk of potential online firestorms, or digital outrage events, to the hazards to be considered when administering such a survey. Little research has investigated the influence of online firestorms on public health survey administration, and no research has analyzed the content of such an occurrence. Analyzing this content will facilitate insights as to how practitioners can minimize the risk of generating outrage when conducting such surveys.

Objective
This study aimed to identify common themes within social media comments comprising an online firestorm that erupted in response to a school-based ATOD survey in order to inform risk-reduction strategies.

Methods
Data were collected by archiving all public comments made in response to a news study about a school-based ATOD survey that was featured on a common social networking platform. Using the general inductive approach and elements of thematic analysis, two researchers followed a multi-step protocol to clean, categorize, and consolidate data, generating codes for all 207 responses.

Results
In total, 133 comments were coded as oppositional to the survey and 74 were coded as supportive. Among the former, comments tended to reflect government-related concerns, conspiratorial or irrational thinking, issues of parental autonomy and privacy, fear of child protective services or police, issues with survey mechanisms, and reasoned disagreement. Among the latter, responses showed that posters perceived the ability to prevent abuse and neglect and support holistic health, surmised that opponents were hiding something, expressed reasoned support, or made factual statements about the survey. Consistent with research on moral outrage and digital firestorms, few comments (<10%) contained factual information about the survey; nearly half of the comments, both supportive and oppositional, were coded in categories that presupposed misinformation.

Conclusions
The components of even a small online firestorm targeting a school-based ATOD survey are nuanced and complex. It is likely impossible to be fully insulated against the risk of outrage in response to this type of public health work; however, careful articulation of procedures, anticipating specific concerns, and two-way community-based interaction may reduce risk.
EKSISTENSI BITCOIN DALAM PERSPEKTIF MAQĀṢID AL-SYAR‘ĪYAH
Authors: Lidia Dara 
Published: July 2019

Berdasarkan sejarah, alat pembayaran dari masa ke masa telah mengalami evolusi, pada saat ini terdapat sebuah fenomena yaitu fenomena Bitcoin yang diklaim oleh para penggunanya sebagai alat pembayaran masa depan yang telah banyak menyita perhatian orang mulai dari kalangan pengusaha hingga mahasiswa. Bitcoin memiliki beberapa kelebihan jika dibandingkan dengan alat pembayaran yang biasa digunakan, di antaranya yaitu sifatnya yang desentralisasi sehingga tidak ada pengendali pusat yang akan ikut campur di dalamnya. Sedangkan pada kebiasaannya, alat pembayaran di suatu wilayah berada di bawah pengawasan pemerintah karena alat pembayaran tergolong kepada kebutuhan primer yang menyangkut kesejahteraan umum. Pertanyaan penelitian dalam skripsi ini adalah bagaimana eksistensi Bitcoin sebagai alat tukar dan bagaimana keberadaan Bitcoin sebagai alat tukar berdasarkan maqāṣid al-syar‘īyah. Dalam penelitian ini penulis menggunakan metode penelitian kepustakaan dan pendekatan maqāṣidī dengan menerapkan metode tarjih maslahat. Keberadaan Bitoin sebagai alat tukar dianggap sah karena terdapat pengakuan secara ‘urf. Akan tetapi status sah tersebut perlu mendapatkan pengesahan pemerintah karena terkait dengan al- maslahat al-‘āmmah, nilai mafsadat pada Bitcoin lebih dominan jika dibandingkan dengan nilai maslahatnya. Dari paparan di atas disimpulkan bahwa keberadaan Bitcoin sah sebagai alat tukar, namun penggunaannya merupakan sesuatu yang harus dibatasi karena probabilitas mafsadatnya lebih dominan yang berada pada tingkat ḍarūriyyāt.. Hal ini sesuai dengan kaidah “menolak mafsadat di dahulukan dari pada mewujudkan maslahat.”
USABILITY TESTING PADA SISTEM TRACER STUDY UNDIKSHA MENGGUNAKAN METODE HEURISTIC EVALUATION
Authors: Saputra I Made Arya Dwi , Pradnyana I Made Ardwi , Sugihartini Nyoman 
Published: July 2019

Abstrak Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk menganalisis tingkat usability sistem tracer study Undiksha yang diukur menggunakan metode Heuristic Evaluation dengan menggunakan 10 variabel usability untuk menentukan rancangan layout sistem yang memenuhi kriteria usability. Sampel dalam penelitian ini terdiri dari 20 responden alumni Undiksha. Teknik penentuan sampel menggunakan proportionate starafied random sampling sebagai teknik pengambilan data. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan tingkat usability sistem tracer study Undiksha sebesar 60% yang termasuk dalam kategori tinggi. Dari hasil analisis kuisioner yang didapat hasil bahwa layout sistem tracer study Undiksha sudah mampu memenuhi kriteria usability sebuah sistem informasi. Sehingga dalam penelitian ini rekomendasi perbaikan berdasarkan hasil kuisioner yang memiliki persentase rendah dan berpedoman pada panduan HCI perbaikan layout. Perbaikan lebih difokuskan pada kejelasan informasi yang disajikan masih sedikit dan kurang update, adanya bantuan yang muncul tepat waktu saat terjadi error, penyajian submenu dan ikon-ikon yang konsisten, adanya keterangan pada link, dokumentasi yang lengkap, dan adanya menu bantuan untuk mempermudah pengguna dalam mencari solusi jika terdapat kesalahan saat mengakses sistem.
Existence and uniqueness of solutions for nonlinear impulsive differential equations with three-point boundary conditions
Authors: Mardanov Mısır J. , Sharifov Yagub A. , Ismayilova Kamala E. 
Published: July 2019

Abstract
This paper is devoted to a system of nonlinear impulsive differential equations with three-point boundary conditions. The Green function is constructed and considered original problem is reduced to the equivalent impulsive integral equations. Sufficient conditions are found for the existence and uniqueness of solutions for the boundary value problems for the first order nonlinear system of the impulsive ordinary differential equations with three-point boundary conditions. The Banach fixed point theorem is used to prove the existence and uniqueness of a solution of the problem and Schaefer’s fixed point theorem is used to prove the existence of a solution of the problem under consideration. We illustrate the application of the main results by two examples.
Ornacitrus: Citrus plants (Citrus spp.) as ornamentals
Authors: Sottile Francesco , Signore Maria Beatrice Del , Barone Ettore 
Published: July 2019

Abstract
The industrial production of citrus plants for ornamental use (ornacitrus) began in Italy at the end of the 1960s due to the need for many citrus nurseries to adapt their activities in a time of crisis for citriculture. Nowadays, the ornamental citrus nursery sector is a well-established industry in many European countries such as Portugal, Spain, Greece, and southern Italy. In Italy, nursery production of ornamental citrus plants has become prominent due to the gradual shutdown of many commercial citrus orchards. Currently, Italy maintains its leadership with more than 5.5 million ornacitrus plants produced annually. Ornamental citrus production regards mainly different cultivars of Citrus and Fortunella species, with lemon as the lead species. In this paper, the contribution of breeding and cultural techniques to the innovation of the sector is reported and discussed. This review aims to give an updated scientific and technical description of a sector with large competitive potential that remains still largely unexplored, pointing out its strengths and weaknesses.
Embodied Simulation. Its Bearing on Aesthetic Experience and the Dialogue Between Neuroscience and the Humanities
Authors: Gallese Vittorio 
Published: July 2019

Summary
Embodied simulation, a basic functional mechanism of our brain, and its neural underpinnings are discussed and connected to intersubjectivity and the reception of human cultural artefacts, like visual arts and film. Embodied simulation provides a unified account of both non-verbal and verbal aspects of interpersonal relations that likely play an important role in shaping not only the self and his/her relation to others, but also shared cultural practices. Embodied simulation sheds new light on aesthetic experience and is proposed as a key element for the dialogue between neuroscience and the humanities within the biocultural paradigm.
What, If Anything, Is Linguistic Creativity?
Authors: Bergs Alexander 
Published: July 2019

Summary
This paper investigates the nature of creativity in language and linguistics. Following Sampson (2016), it distinguishes between F-creativity (which roughly equals linguistic productivity) and E-creativity (which leads to new and unexpected innovations). These two notions of creativity are discussed on the basis of examples from three different domains: snow cloning, mismatch/coercion, and aberration. It is shown that pure E-creativity may only be found in the case of aberration. Both snow cloning and mismatch/coercion are examples for F-creativity, but to varying degrees. As a consequence, it is suggested that in practice, F- and E-creativity actually form a cline, rather than a dichotomy.
Bridging Heterodox Views on Language and Symbols: Gilbert Durand’s Imaginaire and Mark Johnson’s Image Schemata
Authors: García-Valero Benito 
Published: July 2019

Summary
This paper aims to bridge anthropological and cognitivist research undertaken by Gilbert Durand and Mark Johnson, who studied the phenomenon of meaning making in a similar way, although they had to use different terminology as their disciplines demanded. Durand established systematization for analyzing symbolism by taking into account the position of the body and the perceptions determining the underlying schemata of symbols. Two decades later, Mark Johnson described image schemata as gestalts having an internal structure derived from bodily perceptions. Owing to these similarities, a comparison between Durand and Johnson’s theories is offered first. In the second place, I reviewed the cognitive value of the anthropological regimes of imaginaire described by Durand. During the analysis, the terminology used by these theorists (like ‘image schemata’ or ‘axiomatic schemata’) was comparatively analyzed to find common ground between their positions. In conclusion, the need for recovering theories of imagination proposed by heterodox scholars like Durand is highlighted, since they anticipate the role of images and imagination not only in language, as Johnson demonstrated, but also in the formation of anthropologically relevant symbols, which are of interest for the analysis of literature and other arts.
Effect of settlement of foundations on the failure risk of the bottom of cylindrical steel vertical tanks for liquids
Authors: Hotala Eugeniusz , Ignatowicz Rajmund 
Published: July 2019

Abstract
Different types of foundations are used in steel, above-ground cylindrical storage tanks for liquids. If a sand-gravel foundation is used under the entire bottom of the tank or only in the central part of the tank, settlement can be expected, and it increases after many years of operation. The paper presents the typical kinds and types of soil settlements under the bottoms of the tanks, in which different types of foundations were used. Numerical analyses of the effect of the soil settlement on the state of deformations and stresses in steel sheets of the bottom under one of the real tanks, in which different types of foundations and different cases of settlement were assumed. The results of numerical analyses indicated the possibility of evaluating the state of the soil settlement and bottom sheet deformations on the basis of simple measurements of deformations of the lower part of the tank cylinder. These measurements can be very useful in assessing the possible risk of failure of the tank bottom during each period of its operation, as measurements of settlement of the bottom of a filled tank are not feasible in practice. It has been proposed that in each steel tank, the deformation of the cylinder’s sheets should be measured even before the beginning of exploitation, and that in subsequent periodical measurements, the influence of the soil settlement under the tank on the state of the cylinder deformation and bottom’s strain should be assessed more accurately.
The Factors Associated with the Fatal Outcome of Stroke
Authors: Milojevic Samanovic Andjela , Milovanovic Dragan , Gajic Vladimir , Raskovic Aleksandar , Milojevic Dragan 
Published: July 2019

Abstract
The aim of this study is to determine the risk factors associated with the fatal outcome of stroke. The research was designed as observational, non-interventional study, conducted by the type of case series, and it included 290 patients hospitalized with a diagnosis of stroke at Neurology Clinic of the Clinical Center Kragujevac during the observed period from 01/02/2013 to 31/01/2014. The data used for the research were: documentation of Neurology Clinic of the Clinical Center Kragujevac, documentation of the Institute of Public Health Kragujevac and patients’ questionnaires. The results of univariate binary logistic regression pointed out a relevant connection between the fatal outcome of stroke and age (p˂ 0.0001), gender (p˂ 0.0001), the severity of the disease (p = 0.002), smoking (p = 0.021), care for the parents’ health (p = 0.018), the concern about business problems (p = 0.018), while the influence of antidepressants was indicative (p = 0.066), whereas using the multivariate binary logistic regression, it was concluded that age (OR=1.096; 95% CI=1.059-1.134; p<0.001), the severity of the disease (OR=4.324; 95% CI=1.256-14.885; p=0.020) and the use of antidepressants (OR=5.578; 95% CI=1.178-26.423; p=0.030) were factors independently associated with the mortality rate. These findings suggest that it would be useful to carry out additional comprehensive research about all potential risk factors for the occurrence of stroke, and also to establish all the steps that can be taken in order to identify and detect risk factors, their elimination or reduction, and, accordingly, to take aggressive measures of primary and secondary prevention.
Peluang Wirausaha Budidaya Anggrek Dendrobium hybrid
Authors: Rofik Abd 
Published: July 2019

Sektor agribisnis di Indonesia diikuti dengan semakin berkembangnya wirausaha tanaman anggrek. Anggrek memiliki prospek yang cukup baik untuk diusahakan dalam wirausaha tanaman hias karena mempunyai nilai jual yang cukup tinggi dan menjanjikan keuntungan yang besar. Di Indonesia anggrek merupakan tanaman yang mempunyai nilai ekonomis tinggi sehingga peluang pemasaran anggrek sangat potensial baik untuk bunga potong maupun untuk bunga pot. Potensi usaha yang dapat dikembangkan dari tanaman anggrek meliputi; usaha pembibitan (perbanyakan), usaha pembesaran, usaha perdagangan dan ekspor. Selain produk dalam bentuk bunga anggrek, juga dilakukan penjualan produk sampingan dari kegiatan ini berupa pupuk organik cair, media tanam (arang) dan souvenir anggrek.
العوامل الموقعية وأثرها في توطن صناعة الحصى والرمل في قضاء كويه
Authors: Ismael Ahmed J. 
Published: July 2019

يلعب القطاع الصناعي دوراً كبيراً في التنمية الصناعية الحديثة وتحقيق الرفاهية للمواطنين من خلال إسهامه في زيادة الناتج القومي، فضلاً عن تحقيق التشابك القطاعي مع الأنشطة الصناعية والقطاعات الإقتصادية الأخرى في البلاد ،عليه أصبح من الضروري الإهتمام بهذا القطاع باعتباره الركيزة الأساسية والعمود الفقري لتطور المجتمعات،ومن بين تلك الصناعات يظهر دور صناعة المواد الإنشائية(ومنها صناعة الحصى والرمل) كونها إحدى الصناعات التي تحتل موقعاً متميزاً بين القطاعات الصناعية المختلفة التي يزداد الطلب على منتجاتها بشكل خاص في المراحل الأولى للتنمية الإقتصادية للبلاد،إذ تسأهم بشكل كبير ومباشر في تكوين رأس المال الثابت في المجتمع، بالإضافة إلى ذلك فانها ترتبط بحياة السكان من خلال علاقتها المباشرة بالتوسع العمراني والنمو الحضري،وتلبية احتياجات الإنسان من السكن والمؤسسات الخدمية الأخرى. إن من أهم مبررات اختيار منطقة الدراسة (قضاء كويه) هو امتلاكها ميزة نسبية في توافر الخامات والمواد الأولية الضرورية لقيام صناعة الحصى والرمل، ولاسيما أن توافرها محلياً يعد عامل جذب لقيام مثل هذه الأنشطة الصناعية. فضلاً عن إعتماداالإقليم وبنسبة كبيرة جداً على المواد الإنشائية المحلية الصنع، خاصة الحصى والرمل ، لسد احتياجاته المختلفة و الاستفادة من توظيف الأيدي العاملة المحلية في المقالع مما يعني توفير الكثير من فرص العمل داخل االإقليم. يهدف البحث إلى إبراز واقع صناعة الحصى والرمل في قضاء كويه من خلال تحديد وتقييم عوامل توطنها وتوزيعها الجغرافي، وأهم المراحل التصنيعية التي تمر بها هذه الصناعة، فضلاً عن تشخيص المشكلات القائمة التي تواجه هذه الصناعة، وطرح الخيارات الكفيلة بتذليلها مستقبلاً.
وقد توصلت الدراسة إلى مجموعة من النتائج منها

تركزَ معظم مقالع وحدات صناعة الحصى والرمل في الأجزاء الجنوبية لقضاء كويه وتحديداً على حافات نهر الزاب الصغير، وذلك لتوفر عوامل ومقومات توطنها فيها وبمقدمتها المواد الأولية والمياه .
بلغ عدد العاملين في صناعة الحصى والرمل (113) عاملاً أي ما يشكل نسبة (34.7%) من العاملين في قطاع صناعة المواد الإنشائية في قضاء كويه .
بلغ مجموع المساحات التي تتوطن عليها هذه الوحدات الصناعية ما يقارب (617000م2) أي ما يعادل (246.8 دونم) من أراضي منطقة الدراسة وكان هناك اختلاف كبير بين الوسط الحسابي والإنحراف المعياري لعامل المساحة الذي بلغ (2084.9)درجة أي أنها تتبأين بشكل كبير بين المعامل.
بلغ قيمة الإنتاج الكلي (4050م3/يوم) وبمتوسط حسابي يبلغ(450م3/يوم)مع تباين في الوحدات الصناعية في منطقة الدراسة تبعا لحجم المعامل.