bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Allocentric representations for target memory and reaching in human cortex
Authors: Chen Ying , Crawford J. Douglas 
Published: October 2019

AbstractThe use of allocentric cues for movement guidance is complex because it involves the integration of visual targets and independent landmarks and the conversion of this information into egocentric commands for action. Here, we focus on the mechanisms for encoding reach targets relative to visual landmarks in humans. First, we consider the behavioral results suggesting that both of these cues influence target memory, but are then transformed—at the first opportunity—into egocentric commands for action. We then consider the cortical mechanisms for these behaviors. We discuss different allocentric versus egocentric mechanisms for coding of target directional selectivity in memory (inferior temporal gyrus versus superior occipital gyrus) and distinguish these mechanisms from parieto‐frontal activation for planning egocentric direction of actual reach movements. Then, we consider where and how the former allocentric representations of remembered reach targets are converted into the latter egocentric plans. In particular, our recent neuroimaging study suggests that four areas in the parietal and frontal cortex (right precuneus, bilateral dorsal premotor cortex, and right presupplementary area) participate in this allo‐to‐ego conversion. Finally, we provide a functional overview describing how and why egocentric and landmark‐centered representations are segregated early in the visual system, but then reintegrated in the parieto‐frontal cortex for action.
Maternal arrhythmia in structurally normal heart: Prevalence and feasibility of catheter ablation without fluoroscopy
Authors: Li Meng‐meng , Sang Cai‐Hua , Jiang Chen‐Xi , Guo Xue‐Yuan , Li Song‐Nan , Wang Wei , Zhao Xin , Tang Ri‐Bo , Long De‐yong , Gao Hai , Dong Jian‐Zeng , Du Xin , Ma Chang‐Sheng 
Published: October 2019

AbstractBackgroundData on management of maternal arrhythmia among Chinese were limited. Radiofrequency catheter ablation (RFCA) proved to be a reliable treatment choice for sustained tachyarrhythmia but it has rarely been performed during pregnancy due to radiation exposure.ObjectiveTo investigate the incidence of idiopathic sustained maternal arrhythmia and the feasibility of RFCA in the pregnant patients without fluoroscopy.MethodsFrom January of 2015 to December of 2018, the medical records on pregnancy‐related admissions in Beijing Anzhen Hospital (Beijing, China) were retrospectively analyzed. Patients who had sustained tachyarrhythmia episodes without structural heart disease were identified. Catheter ablation was performed in those with drug resistant and severely frequent tachyarrhythmia under the guidance of electroanatomical mapping system and intracardiac echocardiography catheter (ICE), if appropriate.ResultsDuring the study period, 12 584 consecutive pregnant women were admitted for pregnancy‐related reasons, 156 (1.2%) of them were identified as sustained maternal tachyarrhythmia. Twenty‐eight patients (age 21‐37 years) received catheter ablation because the arrhythmias were drug resistant and severely frequent. The RFCA was successfully performed in all patients with zero fluoroscopy after 72.4 ± 24.7 min. Transseptal puncture was performed in 11 patients under the guidance of ICE. In a median of 37 (interquartile range [IQR]: 34‐39) weeks’ pregnancy, 28 healthy fetuses were delivered. No cardiac‐related adverse event occurred during delivery. During later follow‐up, all patients were free of arrhythmia, and all the infants were well developed.ConclusionSustained maternal tachyarrhythmia is not uncommon in the clinical practice. To those with drug resistant and severely frequent arrhythmia, RFCA with zero fluoroscopy could be safely performed with acceptable efficacy.
Functional immune monitoring in severely injured patients—A pilot study
Authors: Halbgebauer Rebecca , Kellermann Stephanie , Schäfer Fabian , Weckbach Sebastian , Weiss Manfred , Barth Eberhard , Bracht Hendrik , Kalbitz Miriam , Gebhard Florian , Huber‐Lang Markus S. , Perl Mario 
Published: October 2019

AbstractAfter severe trauma, the resulting excessive inflammatory response is countered by compensatory anti‐inflammatory mechanisms. The systemic inflammatory response to trauma enhanced by inappropriately timed surgical second hits may be detrimental for the patient. On the other hand, overwhelming anti‐inflammatory mechanisms may put patients at increased risk from secondary local and systemic infections. The ensuing sepsis and organ dysfunction due to immune dysregulation remain the leading causes of death after injury. To date, there are no clinically applicable techniques to monitor the pro‐/anti‐inflammatory immune status of the patients and the remaining ability to react to microbial stimuli. Therefore, in the present study, we used a highly standardized and easy‐to‐use system to draw peripheral whole blood from polytraumatized patients (ISS ≥ 32, n = 7) and to challenge it with bacterial lipopolysaccharide. Secreted cytokines were compared with those in samples from healthy volunteers. We observed a significant decrease in the release of monocyte‐derived mediators. Surprisingly, we detected stable or even increased concentrations of cytokines related to T cell maturation and function. For clinical practicability, we reduced the incubation time before supernatants were collected. Even after an abbreviated stimulation period, a stable release of almost all analysed parameters in patient blood could be detected. In conclusion, the data are indicative of a clinically well‐applicable approach to monitor the immune status in severely injured patients in a short time. This may be used to optimize the timing of necessary surgical interventions to avoid a boost of proinflammation and reduce risk of secondary infections.
Italian Discourse Markers: The Case ofGuarda te*
Authors: Badan Linda 
Published: October 2019

AbstractThis paper offers a detailed analysis of the expressionguarda telit. ‘look you’ in regional Italian of Veneto. Firstly, we show thatguarda teis a discourse marker that can have two distinct interpretations associated with different syntactic behaviors and prosodic contours. Secondly, we explain the evolution ofguarda teas a discourse marker in terms of a process of syntacticization. In particular, we argue thatguarda tehas different interpretive and syntactic properties depending on the structural position it occupies in the clausal spine within the Speech Act layer above ForceP.
Regulation of gene expression involved in the remobilization of rice straw carbon reserves results from moderate soil drying during grain filling
Authors: Wang Guanqun , Li Haoxuan , Wang Kai , Yang Jianchang , Duan Meijuan , Zhang Jianhua , Ye Nenghui 
Published: October 2019

SummaryCarbon reserves in rice straw before flowering contribute greatly to grain filling. Moderate soil drying imposed at the post‐anthesis stage significantly promotes carbon reserve remobilization in straws of rice, but the regulation of this process at the proteomic and transcriptomic level remains poorly understood. In this study, we applied moderate soil drying (MD) to rice at the post‐anthesis stage, which was followed by dynamic proteomic and transcriptomic studies using SWATH‐MS and RNA‐seq analysis. MD treatment upregulated the proteins alpha‐glucosidase, beta‐glucosidase and starch phosphorylase, which are responsible for starch degradation. Furthermore, MD treatment enhanced the expression of proteins involved in the sucrose synthesis pathway, including SPS8 and SPP1. In addition, various monosaccharide transporters (MSTs) and sucrose transporter 2 (SUT2), which are pivotal in carbon reserve remobilization, were also upregulated in straw by MD treatment. Differentially expressed transcription factors, including GRAS, TCP, trihelix, TALE, C3H, and NF‐YC, were predicted to interact with other proteins to mediate carbon reserve remobilization in response to MD treatment. Further correlation analysis revealed that the abundances of most of the differentially expressed proteins were not correlated with the corresponding transcript levels, indicating that the carbon reserve remobilization process was probably regulated by posttranscriptional modification. Our results provide insights into the molecular mechanisms underlying the regulation of carbon reserve remobilization from straw to grain in rice under MD conditions.
Controlled Nanofabrication of Uniform Continuous Graphene Oxide/Polyacrylonitrile Nanofibers for Templated Carbonization
Authors: Papkov Dimitry , Goponenko Alexander , Compton Owen C. , An Zhi , Nguyen SonBinh T. , Dzenis Yuris A. 
Published: October 2019

Abstract
Graphene and graphene oxide attract rapidly growing interest as prospective building blocks for nanotechnology applications and composites. Recently, we showed that a small amount of graphene oxide produced significant templating effects on the structure of continuous carbon nanofibers (CNFs). However, the produced nanofibers had significant nonuniformities that could be detrimental to their mechanical properties. Controlled nanofabrication is critical for obtaining uniform, high-quality nanofibers with tunable diameters and properties. Here, we analyze the effects of graphene oxide type, concentration, and processing parameters on the morphology of continuous graphene oxide/polyacrylonitrile nanofibers produced by electrospinning. Four types of graphene oxides with different average nanoparticle sizes were examined, and the effects of electric field and polymer concentration on nanofiber diameters were analyzed. Good-quality nanofibers were produced with up to 2 wt % graphene oxide in polyacrylonitrile. Uniform nanofibers were obtained for solid content above 9 wt % in dimethylformamide (DMF). Composite nanofibers containing graphene oxide nanoparticles exhibited reduced diameters throughout the polyacrylonitrile concentration range before and after carbonization compared to nanofibers prepared from neat polymer. The obtained results open up a pathway for controlled nanofabrication of uniform CNFs with improved structure for a variety of structural and functional applications.
X-Ray Phase Contrast Imaging of Liquid Film and Spray Development Inside an Aircraft Engine Swirler
Authors: Sforzo Brandon A. , Kastengren Alan L. , Matusik Katarzyna E. , Gomez del Campo Felipe , Powell Christopher F. 
Published: October 2019

Abstract
Modern aircraft engines combine liquid fuel and air using an intricate flow device with many fuel and air flow passages. To date, the process by which the fuel atomizes within this swirler set has not been examined directly due to optical access limitations. In this work, high-speed X-ray phase-contrast imaging of a liquid spray inside a gas turbine engine swirler geometry is presented. Measurements were carried out at the 7-BM beamline of the Advanced Photon Source at Argonne National Laboratory using the high-energy broadband X-ray beam. The synchrotron X-ray source provides the necessary photon energy and flux to capture time-resolved fluid phenomena within the confines of the relevant geometry while liquid and air are flowing. Spray nozzle hardware and geometries were provided by the National Jet Fuels Combustion Program (NJFCP), allowing for characterization of the spray using a commercially relevant configuration. Modified swirlers were three-dimensional printed with acrylic to improve imaging access while maintaining influential internal features. Water was used as a surrogate fluid for these studies to demonstrate the visualization capabilities. The experiments were conducted at atmospheric exit pressure conditions with a pressure drop of 6% across the swirler. High-speed imaging of the pilot spray cone revealed sheet breakup several millimeters downstream of the orifice exit, upon interaction with the radial assist air flow. These droplets and ligaments were observed to impinge on the inner filming surface of the swirler and flow toward the exit while developing a tangential flow. Under these conditions, the liquid film grows up to several hundred microns in thickness on the filming surface, and subsequently forms ligaments up to several millimeters in length before breaking up. This work demonstrates the capability of X-ray diagnostics in visualizing liquid flows within solid geometries of technical relevance. Furthermore, the spatial quantification of filming flows and liquid interaction with the swirler air provides validation data for modeling of the multiphase flows and surface interactions within the swirler.
Soil Thermal Inertia Effect on Shallow Basement Energy Performance in Different Morocco Climates
Authors: Sakami Naima , Boukhattem Lahcen , Hamdi Hassan , Benhamou Brahim 
Published: October 2019

Abstract
This study deals with the energy performance of a shallow basement in six climates ranging from cold to desert climate. A case study of a partially buried house located in the hot semi-arid climate of Marrakech (Morocco) is first monitored during 2 months in summer and 2 months in winter. A trnsys model of this house was built and validated against the monitoring results. Simulation results show that the annual thermal load of the partially buried house is always lower than that of the corresponding above ground building house except for the Atlantic climate. Indeed, burying the house at 1.2 m reduces its annual thermal load by 19% at least in the Mediterranean climate and by about 39% in the cold climate.
Association of early postnatal transfer and birth outside a tertiary hospital with mortality and severe brain injury in extremely preterm infants: observational cohort study with propensity score matching
Authors: Helenius Kjell , Longford Nicholas , Lehtonen Liisa , Modi Neena , Gale Chris 
Published: October 2019

Abstract

Objective
To determine if postnatal transfer or birth in a non-tertiary hospital is associated with adverse outcomes.

Design
Observational cohort study with propensity score matching.

Setting
National health service neonatal care in England; population data held in the National Neonatal Research Database.

Participants
Extremely preterm infants born at less than 28 gestational weeks between 2008 and 2015 (n=17 577) grouped based on birth hospital and transfer within 48 hours of birth: upward transfer (non-tertiary to tertiary hospital, n=2158), non-tertiary care (born in non-tertiary hospital; not transferred, n=2668), and controls (born in tertiary hospital; not transferred, n=10 866). Infants were matched on propensity scores and predefined background variables to form subgroups with near identical distributions of confounders. Infants transferred between tertiary hospitals (horizontal transfer) were separately matched to controls in a 1:5 ratio.

Main outcome measures
Death, severe brain injury, and survival without severe brain injury.

Results
2181 infants, 727 from each group (upward transfer, non-tertiary care, and control) were well matched. Compared with controls, infants in the upward transfer group had no significant difference in the odds of death before discharge (odds ratio 1.22, 95% confidence interval 0.92 to 1.61) but significantly higher odds of severe brain injury (2.32, 1.78 to 3.06; number needed to treat (NNT) 8) and significantly lower odds of survival without severe brain injury (0.60, 0.47 to 0.76; NNT 9). Compared with controls, infants in the non-tertiary care group had significantly higher odds of death (1.34, 1.02 to 1.77; NNT 20) but no significant difference in the odds of severe brain injury (0.95, 0.70 to 1.30) or survival without severe brain injury (0.82, 0.64 to 1.05). Compared with infants in the upward transfer group, infants in the non-tertiary care group had no significant difference in death before discharge (1.10, 0.84 to 1.44) but significantly lower odds of severe brain injury (0.41, 0.31 to 0.53; NNT 8) and significantly higher odds of survival without severe brain injury (1.37, 1.09 to 1.73; NNT 14). No significant differences were found in outcomes between the horizontal transfer group (n=305) and controls (n=1525).

Conclusions
In extremely preterm infants, birth in a non-tertiary hospital and transfer within 48 hours are associated with poor outcomes when compared with birth in a tertiary setting. We recommend perinatal services promote pathways that facilitate delivery of extremely preterm infants in tertiary hospitals in preference to postnatal transfer.
Feline behaviour problems in Brazil: a review of 155 referral cases
Authors: Ramos Daniela , Reche‐Junior Archivaldo , Hirai Yumi , Mills Daniel S 
Published: October 2019

BackgroundGeographical variations in feline behaviour problems exist. The occurrence of feline behaviour problems in different regions are therefore important to prepare professionals for the emerging needs of cat owners.MethodsOne‐hundred and fifty‐five feline behaviour cases that were referred to a veterinary behaviourist in São Paulo (Brazil) during the period 2008–2014 are described.ResultsInter‐cat aggression was the main behavioural complaint reported (31%), followed by housesoiling (26.4%). Unlike other international studies, inter‐cat aggression was more frequently seen than inappropriate elimination. Oral repetitive behaviours, including problems such as psychogenic alopecia and pica, were also a prevalent problem (ie, 16.8% of the cases). Human‐directed aggression accounted for 13.5% of the cases, taking fourth place in the list of the most common feline behavioural problems. Female and male cats were equally likely to be presented (51% and 49% of cases, respectively).ConclusionsThis study highlights potentially geographical or temporal variation in the behavioural problems that need to be recognised by veterinary behaviourists in order to meet the emerging needs of owners.
Motion deviation of test body induced by spin and cosmological constant in extreme mass ratio inspiral binary system
Authors: Zhang Yu-Peng , Wei Shao-Wen , Amaro-Seoane Pau , Yang Jie , Liu Yu-Xiao 
Published: October 2019

Abstract
The future space-borne detectors will provide the possibility to detect gravitational waves emitted from extreme mass ratio inspirals of stellar-mass compact objects into supermassive black holes. It is natural to expect that the spin of the compact object and cosmological constant will affect the orbit of the inspiral process and hence lead to the considerable phase shift of the corresponding gravitational waves. In this paper, we investigate the motion of a spinning test particle in the spinning black hole background with a cosmological constant and give the order of motion deviation induced by the particle’s spin and the cosmological constant by considering the corresponding innermost stable circular orbit. By taking the neutron star or kerr black hole as the small body, the deviations of the innermost stable circular orbit parameters induced by the particle’s spin and cosmological constant are given. Our results show that the deviation induced by particle’s spin is much larger than that induced by cosmological constant when the test particle locates not very far away from the black hole, the accumulation of phase shift during the inspiral from the cosmological constant can be ignored when compared to the one induced by the particle’s spin. However when the test particle locates very far away from the black hole, the impact from the cosmological constant will increase dramatically. Therefore the accumulation of phase shift for the whole process of inspiral induced by the cosmological constant and the particle’s spin should be handled with caution.
Raman spectroscopy: an effective thermal marker in low temperature carbonaceous fold–thrust belts
Authors: Muirhead D. K. , Bond C. E. , Watkins H. , Butler R. W. H. , Schito A. , Crawford Z. , Marpino A. 
Published: October 2019

Abstract
Raman spectroscopy allows thermal maturation of carbonaceous sediments to be determined. The technique has been employed on metamorphic samples exceeding temperatures of 270°C, but recently has been shown to be effective at lower temperatures. Thermal maturation techniques commonly depend on sample size, have varying efficacies at different temperatures and in different conditions. The underlying processes are not well understood, thus data interpretation can be ambiguous. Here we show the efficacy of Raman as a low-temperature thermal marker in a thrust belt. The Bornes region, in a French Subalpine chain, provides an opportunity to test the technique against published vitrinite reflectance data and thermal modelling for the first time. In doing so we show that Raman is an effective thermal marker to temperatures as low as 75°C, has a small error and is consistent with previous work. The Raman data allow us to postulate the relative thickness of the sedimentary succession across the chain, the timing of thermal maturation and the timing and thickness variations of the over-thrust Prealpine nappe. The work establishes Raman as a low-temperature thermal marker for correlation with other techniques to ensure effective and robust interpretation, that can readily be applied to fold–thrust belts in hydrocarbon provinces.
Oxygen–carbon isotope composition of Middle Jurassic–Cretaceous molluscs from the Saratov–Samara Volga region and main climate trends in the Russian Platform–Caucasus
Authors: Zakharov Yuri D. , Seltser Vladimir B. , Kakabadze Mikheil V. , Smyshlyaeva Olga P. , Safronov Peter P. 
Published: October 2019

Abstract

Oxygen and carbon isotope data from well-preserved mollusc shells and belemnite rostra are presented from the Jurassic (Bathonian, Callovian and Tithonian) and Cretaceous (Aptian, Turonian, Campanian and Maastrichtian) of the Saratov–Samara Volga region, Russia. New data provide information on the resulting trends in palaeoclimate and in palaeoceanography and palaeoecology in the late Mesozoic. Palaeotemperatures calculated from Jurassic–Cretaceous benthic (bivalves and gastropods) and semi-pelagic (ammonites) molluscs are markedly higher than those calculated from pelagic belemnites using oxygen isotopes. This is probably due to various mollusc groups of the Saratov–Samara area inhabiting different depths in the marine basins (e.g. epipelagic v. mesopelagic). Our isotope records, combined with a review of previously published data from shallow-water fossils from the Saratov–Samara area and adjacent regions permits us to infer temperature trends for the epipelagic zone from the Middle Jurassic to Cretaceous in the Russian Platform–Caucasus area. The Jurassic–Cretaceous belemnites from the Russian Platform and the Caucasus have a lower δ
13
C signature than the contemporaneous brachiopods, bivalves and ammonites.