bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Real‐life effectiveness of MP‐AzeFlu in Irish patients with persistent allergic rhinitis, assessed by visual analogue scale and endoscopy
Authors: Kaulsay Ranbir , Nguyen Duc Tung , Kuhl Hans Christian 
Published: October 2018

AbstractIntroductionMost allergic rhinitis (AR) patients have moderate‐to‐severe, persistent disease. Meda Pharma's AzeFlu (MP‐AzeFlu) combines intranasal azelastine hydrochloride (AZE) and fluticasone propionate (FP) in a novel formulation in a single device to treat AR. This prospective, noninterventional study sought to assess the effectiveness of MP‐AzeFlu (one spray/nostril twice daily; 548 µg AZE/200 µg FP daily dose) in relieving AR symptom severity.MethodsA visual analogue scale (VAS) was used prior to MP‐AzeFlu treatment on days 0, 1, 3, 7, 14, 21, 28, 35, and 42 by 53 persistent AR (PER) patients seen in routine clinical practice in Ireland. An endoscopy was performed on days 0 and 28, and symptoms of edema, discharge, and redness were scored on a three‐point scale (for both nostrils).ResultsPatients using MP‐AzeFlu experienced rapid VAS score reduction from 73.4 mm (standard deviation [SD], 20.3) at Day 0 to 31.5 mm (SD, 25.0) at day 28 (P < 0.0001) to 28.1 mm (SD, 24.1) at day 42 (P < 0.0001), a 45.3‐mm reduction. On average, patients achieved a clinically relevant VAS score cutoff of 50 mm before Day 7. Total endoscopy score decreased from 7.5 mm (SD, 3.1) at baseline to 3.5 mm (SD, 2.5) at Day 28. The incidence of severe edema on endoscopy decreased from 53.1% at baseline to 3.8% at Day 28. A similar reduction in the incidence of thick/mucousy discharge (from 28.3% to 4.8%) and severe redness (from 34.9% to 0%) was also observed.ConclusionsMP‐AzeFlu provided effective, rapid control of PER as assessed by VAS in a real‐world clinical setting in Ireland. Symptom improvement was observed at Day 1, sustained for 42 days, and associated with improved mucosal appearance after 28 days. These results confirm the safety of MP‐AzeFlu and exceed the efficacy demonstrated in phase 3 clinical studies for controlling AR in PER patients.
Essential surgical skills for a gynecologic oncologist
Authors: Arora Vivek , Somashekhar S.P. 
Published: October 2018

AbstractGynecologic oncology has seen a tremendous growth as a surgical specialty over the past four decades. However, many regions of the world still lack structured training programs in this discipline. The aim of this article is to identify the essential skills for a gynecologic oncologist to be able to provide optimal care to women diagnosed with gynecologic cancer. Where the evidence exists in the literature we identify the learning curve necessary. Identifying essential skills required for the practice of gynecologic oncology should assist in standardizing care provision globally, and could be a starting point for health systems beginning structured training programs. Development of surgical skills requires adequate training, mentorship, and self‐evaluation as an ongoing process beyond the years spent in training programs.
No rapport, no comment: The relationship between rapport and communication during investigative interviews with suspects
Authors: Collins Kimberly , Carthy Nikki 
Published: October 2018

AbstractThere are few studies that have focused on systematically measuring indicators of rapport during police investigative interviews. Using Tickle‐Degnen and Rosenthal's model as the basis for a systematic measurement of rapport, this study examined police interviews to identify whether rapport with suspects influences investigation relevant information (IRI). Eighty‐two interview transcripts with male suspects accused of child internet sex offences were coded across three rapport components: attention, positivity, and coordination. Attention and coordination were the most frequently used, and both positively correlated with the production of information. Positivity did not significantly correlate with IRI. The interviews were broken down into three different stages to examine the relationship between the rapport indicators and IRI across the interviews. Attention related to IRI throughout the entire interview, coordination during the middle and end, and positivity did not relate to IRI for any of the time points. This study offers a methodology for measuring rapport during real life interviews, and implications for interviewing and training are discussed.
Targeted proteomics of hip articular cartilage in OA and fracture patients
Authors: Hosseininia Shahrzad , Önnerfjord Patrik , Dahlberg Leif E. 
Published: October 2018

ABSTRACTOsteoarthritis (OA) is a common chronic disease, causing joint pain and reduced physical function. OA progresses slowly over a period of several years; to avoid an exacerbation of symptoms, it is critical to able to diagnose the disease as early as possible. The identification of disease‐specific biomarkers may enable such an early diagnosis. The aim of this study was to investigate potential biomarkers of cartilage metabolism in OA using a targeted multiplex approach by single reaction monitoring. Intact looking cartilage of femoral heads from patients with OA (n = 9) or femoral neck fractures (n = 12) was examined. Variations and relative quantifications of 35 selected extracellular matrix (ECM) proteins were analyzed using nano‐LC coupled to tandem mass spectrometry. Our study showed statistically significantly increased levels of asporin (ASPN), mimecan (MIME), matrilin‐3 (MATN3), cartilage intermediate layer protein 2 (CILP‐2), collagen VI, collagen II, and collagen III N‐propeptide in OA cartilage compared with non‐OA cartilage. The other proteins in the protein panel did not appear to be different between the two groups. In conclusion, we identified a number of cartilage matrix proteins which may represent early molecular changes in the OA process and may have potential to predict the development of OA. © 2018 Orthopaedic Research Society. Published by Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Orthop Res
Interpolation theorem for Marcinkiewicz spaces with applications to Lorentz gamma spaces
Authors: Musil Vít , Oľhava Rastislav 
Published: October 2018

AbstractThis paper is devoted to the interpolation principle between spaces of weak type. We characterise interpolation spaces between two Marcinkiewicz spaces in terms of Hardy type operators involving suprema. We study general properties of such operators and their behavior on Lorentz gamma spaces. A particular emphasis is placed on elementary and comprehensive proofs.
SPG11‐related parkinsonism: Clinical profile, molecular imaging and l‐dopa response
Authors: Faber Ingrid , Martinez Alberto Rolim Muro , Martins Carlos Roberto , Maia Maidane Luise , Souza Juliana Pasquotto , Lourenço Charles Marques , Marques Wilson , Montecchiani Celeste , Orlacchio Antonio , Pedroso Jose Luiz , Barsottini Orlando Graziani Povoas , Ramos Celso Darío , Lopes‐Cendes Íscia , Friedman Joseph H. , Amorim Bárbara Juarez , França Marcondes Cavalcante 
Published: October 2018

AbstractBackground: Molecular imaging has proven to be a powerful tool to elucidate degenerated paths in a wide variety of neurological diseases and has not been systematically studied in hereditary spastic paraplegias.Objectives: To investigate dopaminergic degeneration in a cohort of 22 patients with hereditary spastic paraplegia attributed to SPG11 mutations and evaluate treatment response to l‐dopa.Methods: Patients and controls underwent single‐photon emission computed tomography imaging utilizing 99mTc‐TRODAT‐1 tracer. A single‐blind trial with 600 mg of l‐dopa was performed comparing UPDRS scores.Results: Reduced dopamine transporter density was universal among patients. Nigral degeneration was symmetrical and correlated with disease duration and motor and cognitive handicap. No statistically significant benefit could be demonstrated with l‐dopa intake during the trial.Conclusion: Disruption of presynaptic dopaminergic pathways is a widespread phenomenon in patients with SPG11 mutations, even in the absence of parkinsonism. Unresponsiveness to treatment could be related to postsynaptic damage that needs to be further investigated.
Recent structural advances in constrained helical peptides
Authors: Skowron Kornelia J. , Speltz Thomas E. , Moore Terry W. 
Published: October 2018

AbstractGiven the ubiquity of the ⍺‐helix in the proteome, there has been much research in developing mimics of ⍺‐helices, and most of this study has been toward developing protein‐protein interaction inhibitors. A common strategy for mimicking ⍺‐helices has been through the use of constrained, helical peptides. The addition of a constraint typically provides for conformational and proteolytic stability and, in some cases, cell permeability. Some of the most well‐known strategies included are lactam formation and hydrocarbon “stapling.” Beyond those strategies, there have been many recent advances in developing constrained peptides. The purpose of this review is to highlight recent advances in the development of new helix‐stabilizing technologies, constraint diversification strategies, tether diversification strategies, and combination strategies that create new bicyclic helical peptides.
Flexible terahertz and FarIR polymer‐supported filter
Authors: Sanphuang Varittha , Nahar Niru K. 
Published: October 2018

AbstractWe present the design, fabrication, and measurement of a terahertz (THz) polymer‐supported filter. A periodic structure, frequency selective surfaces (FSS) is employed to provide bandpass characteristic for this filter design with polyimide (PI) film as a substrate. This PI film (13 μm thick) is very thin and thus provides a flexible support to the filter. The average extracted dielectric constant
ε
r is 3.35 and the average refractive index
n
s is 1.84. The final filter structure was fabricated using standard microfabrication process. The measured transmission response shows high percentage of transmission (~80%) with the peak at 0.58 THz and sharp roll‐off that covers the broad range of frequency from 0.1 to 1 THz (wavelength of 300 μm‐3000 μm).
An ultra‐small cavity‐backed sector antenna with fractal transmission lines and NRI‐TLs for VHF application
Authors: Cao Wei‐ping , Sun Chengjie , Li Jinxin , Li Simin , Lin Yiyu 
Published: October 2018

AbstractA novel ultra‐small cavity‐backed sector antenna with fractal transmission lines (FTLs) and negative refractive index transmission lines (NRI‐TLs) is proposed in this paper. The proposed antenna comprises three parts. The first one is a U‐shaped cavity‐backed antenna composed of a planar double‐sector patch and a U‐shaped backed‐cavity. The other two parts are FTLs and NRI‐TLs, respectively, both of which are used to achieve bandwidth enhancement and size reduction for the U‐shaped cavity‐backed antenna. Although the U‐shaped cavity‐backed antenna and the proposed antenna have the same size of 36 cm × 40 cm × 25 cm, the proposed antenna can operate in a lower frequency band. Due to the introduction of the negative refractive index transmission lines, the overall size reduction is up to 12.3%. With features such as ultra‐small size, moderate bandwidth and good radiation property, the proposed antenna can meet the demanding requirements to the application of UAV airborne system.
Wide scanning angle LWA based on DIL with H‐shaped grooves
Authors: Wei Du‐Juan , Li Jian‐Ying , Liu Jie , Xu Rui , Yang Guang‐Wei 
Published: October 2018

AbstractA dielectric image line (DIL)‐based leaky wave antenna (LWA) with H‐shaped grooves is proposed in this paper. By periodically carving a set of H‐shaped grooves in the ground of the DIL, infinite space harmonics are excited, and the proposed antenna works with n = −1 order mode. The H‐shaped radiator can effectively eliminate open stopband (OSB). Over the operating band from 11.1 GHz to 15 GHz, the beam of the proposed antenna scans widely from −72° to 31° (including the broadside) with the realized gain from 9.7 dBi to 12.9 dBi. A prototype is fabricated and measured, which testifies the design theory and the simulation results.
Development of an attenuation correction method for direct x‐ray fluorescence (XRF) imaging utilizing gold L‐shell XRF photons
Authors: Ahmed Md Foiez , Yasar Selcuk , Cho Sang Hyun 
Published: October 2018

PurposeThis work proposes a semiempirical correction method for attenuation of x‐ray fluorescence (XRF) photons and/or an excitation beam during direct XRF imaging (i.e., mapping) of gold nanoparticle (GNP) distribution utilizing gold L‐shell XRF photons.MethodsThe current method was first devised by finding the two following relationships: (a) ratio of gold XRF peak intensity (Lα at ~9.7 keV and Lβ at ~11.4 keV) vs pathlength of XRF photons; (b) XRF photon counts produced (Nxrf) vs scattered photon counts produced (Nscat). Monte Carlo simulations were performed using the Geant4 tool kit to characterize the aforementioned relationships for different tissue‐like media. The applicability of the method was tested experimentally by acquiring 2D L‐shell XRF images of custom‐made phantoms using an experimental benchtop x‐ray fluorescence computed tomography setup.ResultsThe results show that the ratio of gold L‐shell XRF peak intensities allowed an estimation of the pathlength of XRF photons, thus can be utilized to correct for attenuation of XRF photons after emission. The results also demonstrate that Nscat, through a proportionality where the exponent T depends on the energy of scattered photons, could be used to correct for attenuation of an excitation beam prior to producing XRF photons. The corrected XRF signal was found independent of the densities of tissue‐like media present along the passage of an excitation beam or emitted XRF photons.ConclusionsThe current results suggest that the developed attenuation correction method plays an essential role for the detection of GNPs on the order of parts‐per‐million, and also for the determination of GNP concentration/location within the imaging object made of tissue‐like media, without any prior knowledge of the imaging object shape, under the conditions deemed relevant to biomedical applications of gold L‐shell XRF‐based imaging.
Quantitative Gd‐DOTA‐based aerosol deposition mapping in the lungs of asthmatic rats using 3D UTE‐MRI
Authors: Wang Hongchen , Sebrié Catherine , Judé Sébastien , Maurin Anne , Rétif Stéphanie , Le Mée Marilyne , Julea Felicia , Dubuisson Rose‐Marie , Willoquet Georges , Bouazizi Khaoula , Darrasse Luc , Guillot Geneviève , Maître Xavier , de Rochefort Ludovic 
Published: October 2018

Asthma is a chronic respiratory disease, commonly treated with inhaled therapy. Better understanding of the mechanisms of aerosol deposition is required to improve inhaled drug delivery. Three‐dimensional ultrashort echo time (UTE) MRI acquisitions at 1.5 T were combined with spontaneous nose‐only inhalation of aerosolized gadolinium (Gd) to map the aerosol deposition and to characterize signal enhancement in asthmatic rat lungs. The rats were sensitized to ovalbumin (OVA) to develop asthmatic models and challenged before imaging by nebulization of OVA to trigger asthmatic symptoms. The negative controls were not sensitized or challenged by nebulization of saline. The animal lungs were imaged before and after administration of Gd‐based aerosol in freely breathing rats, by using a T1‐weighted 3D UTE sequence. A contrast‐enhanced quantitative analysis was performed to assess regional concentration. OVA‐sensitized rats had lower signal enhancement and lower deposited aerosol concentration. Their enhancement dynamics showed large inter‐subject variability. The signal intensity was homogeneously enhanced for controls while OVA‐sensitized rats showed heterogeneous enhancement. Contrast‐enhanced 3D UTE was applied with aerosolized Gd to efficiently measure spatially resolved deposition in asthmatic lungs. The small administered dose (around 1 μmol/kg body weight) and the use of standard clinical MRI suggest a potential application for the exploration of asthma.
Molecular alterations associated with metastases of solid pseudopapillary neoplasms of the pancreas
Authors: Amato Eliana , Mafficini Andrea , Hirabayashi Kenichi , Lawlor Rita T , Fassan Matteo , Vicentini Caterina , Barbi Stefano , Delfino Pietro , Sikora Katarzyna , Rusev Borislav , Simbolo Michele , Esposito Irene , Antonello Davide , Pea Antonio , Sereni Elisabetta , Ballotta Maria , Maggino Laura , Marchegiani Giovanni , Ohike Nobuyuki , Wood Laura D , Salvia Roberto , Klöppel Günter , Zamboni Giuseppe , Scarpa Aldo , Corbo Vincenzo 
Published: October 2018

AbstractSolid pseudopapillary neoplasms (SPN) of the pancreas are rare, low‐grade malignant neoplasms that metastasise to the liver or peritoneum in 10–15% of cases. They almost invariably present somatic activating mutations of CTNNB1. No comprehensive molecular characterisation of metastatic disease has been conducted to date. We performed whole‐exome sequencing and copy‐number variation (CNV) analysis of 10 primary SPN and comparative sequencing of five matched primary/metastatic tumour specimens by high‐coverage targeted sequencing of 409 genes. In addition to CTNNB1‐activating mutations, we found inactivating mutations of epigenetic regulators (KDM6A, TET1, BAP1) associated with metastatic disease. Most of these alterations were shared between primary and metastatic lesions, suggesting that they occurred before dissemination. Differently from mutations, the majority of CNVs were not shared among lesions from the same patients and affected genes involved in metabolic and pro‐proliferative pathways. Immunostaining of 27 SPNs showed that loss or reduction of KDM6A and BAP1 expression was significantly enriched in metastatic SPNs. Consistent with an increased transcriptional response to hypoxia in pancreatic adenocarcinomas bearing KDM6A inactivation, we showed that mutation or reduced KDM6A expression in SPNs is associated with increased expression of the HIF1α‐regulated protein GLUT1 at both primary and metastatic sites. Our results suggest that BAP1 and KDM6A function is a barrier to the development of metastasis in a subset of SPNs, which might open novel avenues for the treatment of this disease. © 2018 The Authors. The Journal of Pathology published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd on behalf of Pathological Society of Great Britain and Ireland.
Withaferin A, a novel compound of Indian ginseng (Withania somnifera), ameliorates Cerulein‐induced acute pancreatitis: Possible role of oxidative stress and inflammation
Authors: Tiruveedi Vijaya Lakshmi , Bale Swarna , Khurana Amit , Godugu Chandraiah 
Published: October 2018

Acute pancreatitis is an inflammatory disorder of the pancreas that may precipitate due to various reasons such as chronic alcoholism, gall stone obstruction, and life style. Current treatment options offer limited efficacy, as they provide only symptomatic relief. This study is an attempt to study the effects of Withaferin A (WFA) against Cerulein‐induced acute pancreatitis in mice. Animals were pretreated with WFA via intraperitoneal route, for 7 days. Plasma amylase and lipase, tissue malondialdehyde (MDA), and glutathione were evaluated for all groups. Western blot analysis; haematoxylin and eosin staining of the liver, lung, and pancreas; immunohistochemistry for nitrotyrosine; and myeloperoxidase activity were performed. Haematoxylin and eosin stained sections significantly revealed the altered architecture and thereby damage in the pancreas, lungs, and liver that has been low in treatment groups. Increased myeloperoxidase and nitrotyrosine have also been reduced upon treatment with WFA. Increased levels of MDA, NO, and expression of myeloperoxidase and nitrotyrosine in the parameters estimated add evidence to the role of oxidative stress and inflammation in acute pancreatitis. WFA evidently altered these conditions upon pretreatment. Our study shows that this novel steroidal compound has potent anti‐inflammatory property. Natural compounds can therefore be good remedies against many diseases if incorporated in routine diet as dietary supplement.
Autosomal dominant intellectual disability
Authors: Wieczorek Dagmar 
Published: October 2018

Abstract
Intellectual disability (ID) is a heterogeneous entity defined as a substantial impairment of cognitive and adaptive function with an onset in early childhood and an IQ measure of less than 70. During the last few years, the next generation technologies, namely whole exome (WES) and whole genome sequencing (WGS), have given rise to the identification of many new genes for autosomal dominant (ADID), autosomal recessive (ARID) and X‑linked forms of ID (XLID). The prevalence of ID is 1.5–2% for milder forms (IQ < 70) and 0.3–0.5% for more severe forms of ID (IQ < 50). Up to now, about 650 genes for ADID have been reported and it is expected that there are at least 350 genes still unidentified. Although the ADID genes can easily be classified according to the associated clinical findings, e. g. different kind of seizures, abnormal body measurements, an advanced selection of reasonable genes for analyses is challenging. Many different panels for ID genes have been developed for a first diagnostic step, but more meaningful is the use of trio exome sequencing in individuals with sporadic ID. Using trio WES the mutation detection rate for de novo mutations in ID varies from 20 to 60%.
Further research is needed for the identification of the remaining ID genes, a deeply understanding of the pathways and the development of therapies for the mostly rare causes of ID.