bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A robustex vivoexperimental platform for molecular-genetic dissection of adult human neocortical cell types and circuits
Authors: Ting Jonathan T. , Kalmbach Brian , Chong Peter , de Frates Rebecca , Keene C. Dirk , Gwinn Ryder P. , Cobbs Charles , Cobbs Charles , Ko Andrew L. , Ojemann Jeffrey G. , Ellenbogen Richard G. , Koch Christof , Lein Ed 
Published: May 2018

AbstractThe powerful suite of available genetic tools is driving tremendous progress in understanding mouse brain cell types and circuits. However, the degree of conservation in human remains largely unknown in large part due to the lack of such tools and healthy tissue preparations. To close this gap, we describe a robust and stable adult human neurosurgically-derivedex vivoacute and cultured neocortical brain slice system optimized for rapid molecular-genetic manipulation. Surprisingly, acute human brain slices exhibited exceptional viability, and neuronal intrinsic membrane properties could be assayed for at least three days. Maintaining adult human slices in culture under sterile conditions further enabled the application of viral tools to drive rapid expression of exogenous transgenes. Widespread neuron-specific labeling was achieved as early as two days post infection with HSV-1 vectors, with virally-transduced neurons exhibiting membrane properties largely comparable to uninfected neurons over this short timeframe. Finally, we demonstrate the suitability of this culture paradigm for optical manipulation and monitoring of neuronal activity using genetically encoded probes, opening a path for applying modern molecular-genetic tools to study human brain circuit function.
Non-proliferative adult neurogenesis in neural crest-derived stem cells isolated from human periodontal ligament
Authors: Bueno Carlos , Martínez-Morga Marta , Martínez Salvador 
Published: May 2018

AbstractSelf-renewal and lineage regulation of neural stem cells in the adult mammalian brain (aNSCs) are still far from been understood. Although previous studies have reported that some aNSCs in neurogenic niches showed irregular nuclei, their functional significance remains elusive. We used neural crest-derived human periodontal ligament stem cells (hPDLSCs) as an in vitro cell model of neurogenesis to investigate the functional significance of nuclear polymorphisms. Here, we show that hPDLSCs-derived neurons are not directly generated through cell division from stem cells. In fact, the cell shape of neural precursors is reset and start their neuronal development as round spheres. The hPDLSCs-derived neurons gradually adopted a complex morphology by forming several processes, that grew and arborized, adquiring dendritic-like and axonal-like identities, giving rise to a variety of neuron-like morphologies. To our knowledge, this article provides the first observation of these morphological events during in vitro neurogenesis and neuron polarization in human aNCSCs, and we have discovered a transient cell nuclei lobulation coincident to in vitro neurogenesis, without being related to cell proliferation. We observed that small DNA containing structures move within the cell to specific directions and temporarily form lobed nuclei. Morphological analysis also reveals that neurogenic niches in the adult mouse brain contains cells with nuclear shapes highly similar to those observed during in vitro neurogenesis from hPDLSCs. Our results provide strong evidence that neuronal differentiation from aNSCs may also occur during in vivo adult mammalian neurogenesis without being related to cell proliferation. In addition, we demonstrate that hPDLSCs-derived neurons display a sequence of morphologic development highly similar to those observed in primary neuronal cultures derived from rodent brains during neurogenesis, providing strong evidence that it is possible to reproduce neurogenic processes and obtain neurons from hPDLSCs. Beyond the central nervous system, the presence of lobed nuclei has been reported in most blood and immune cells, but the functional significance of multilobed nuclear structures is not yet stablished. Our results suggest that multilobed nuclear structures is associated to nuclear movement within the cell.
In silico screening for ERα downmodulators identifies thioridazine as an anti-proliferative agent in primary, 4OH-tamoxifen-resistant and Y537S ERα-expressing breast cancer cells
Authors: Busonero Claudia , Leone Stefano , Bianchi Fabrizio , Acconcia Filippo 
Published: May 2018

AbstractPurposeMost breast cancers (BCs) express estrogen receptor α (ERα) and are treated with the endocrine therapy (ET) drugs 4OH-tamoxifen (Tam) and fulvestrant (i.e., ICI182,780-ICI). Unfortunately, a high fraction of ET-treated women relapses and become resistant to ET. Therefore, additional anti-BC drugs are needed. Recently, we proposed that the identification of novel anti-BC drugs can be achieved using the modulation of the ERα intracellular content in BC cells as a pharmacological target. Here, we searched for Food and Drug Administration (FDA)-approved drugs that potentially modify the ERα content in BC cells.MethodsWe screened in silico more than 60,000 compounds to identify FDA-approved drugs with a gene signature similar to that of ICI. We identified mitoxantrone and thioridazine and tested them in primary, Tam-resistant and genome-edited Y537S ERα-expressing BC cells.ResultsMitoxantrone and thioridazine induced ERα downmodulation and prevented MCF-7 cell proliferation. Interestingly, while mitoxantrone was toxic for normal breast cells, thioridazine showed preferential activity toward BC cells. Thioridazine also reduced the ERα content and prevented cell proliferation in primary, Tam-resistant and genome-edited Y537S ERα-expressing BC cells.ConclusionsWe suggest that the modulation of the ERα intracellular concentration in BC cells can also be robustly exploited in in silico screenings to identify anti-BC drugs and further demonstrate a re-purposing opportunity for thioridazine in primary and metastatic ET-resistant BC treatment.
Archetypes in human behavior and their brain correlates: An evolutionary trade-off approach
Authors: Cona Giorgia , Koçillari Loren , Palombit Alessandro , Bertoldo Alessandra , Maritan Amos , Corbetta Maurizio 
Published: May 2018

AbstractOrganisms perform multiple tasks and in doing so face critical trade-offs. According to Pareto optimality theory, such trade-offs lead to the evolution of phenotypes that are distributed in a portion of the trait-space resembling a polytope, whose vertices represent the specialists at one of the traits (archetypes).We applied this theory to the variability of cognitive and behavioral scores measured in 1206 individuals from the Human Connectome Project. Among all possible 300 combinations of pairs of traits, we found the best fit to Pareto optimality when individuals were plotted in the trait-space of time preferences for reward, evaluated with the Delay Discounting task. This task requires choosing either immediate smaller rewards or delayed larger rewards. Time preference for reward identified three archetypes, which accounted for variability on many cognitive, personality, and socio-economic status scores, differences in brain structure, as well as in functional connectivity between prefrontal cortex, basal ganglia, and amygdala, regions associated with reward and their regulation. There was only a weak association with genetics. In summary, time preference for reward reflects a core variable that biases human phenotypes via natural and cultural selection.
Protective effects of low-intensity pulsed ultrasound on mandibular condylar cartilage exposed to mechanical overloading
Authors: Fujita Mutsumi , Sato-Shigeta Minami , Mori Hiroki , Iwasa Akihiko , Kawai Nobuhiko , Hassan Ali H , Tanaka Eiji 
Published: May 2018

AbstractThe aim of this study was to examine the role of low-intensity pulsed ultrasound (LIPUS) exposure in the onset and early progression of temporomandibular joint (TMJ) osteoarthritis (TMJ-OA) induced by mechanical overloading. Fifteen-week-old male Wistar rats were divided into two experimental groups and a control group (n = 5 each). In the experimental groups, both TMJs were subjected to mechanical overloading by forced mouth opening using a jaw-opening device for 3 h/day for 5 continuous days. After mechanical overloading, TMJs in one experimental group were exposed to LIPUS for 20 min/day. After the experiments, mandibles were resected from the rats, and the condyles were processed. The bones were analyzed using high-resolution microcomputed tomography (micro-CT). The resected TMJs were also subjected to histological analysis and immunohistochemical staining. Micro-CT images of the mandibular condyle showed severe subchondral trabecular bone loss in the experimental group with overloading. Treatment with LIPUS after overloading resulted in decreased subchondral trabecular bone resorption. In TMJ sections from the experimental group with overloading, cell-free regions and proteoglycan loss characterized the cartilage degradation; LIPUS exposure restricted these changes in the mandibular condyle. Furthermore, the number of tartrate-resistant acid phosphatase-positive osteoclasts in the mineralized layer of the condylar cartilage increased after mechanical overloading and decreased after LIPUS treatment. Our findings suggest that LIPUS exposure after mechanical TMJ overloading downregulates subchondral trabecular bone resorption and proteoglycan loss in the mandibular condylar cartilage. Thus, it may prove to be protective effects of LIPUS exposure on onset and early progression of TMJ-OA induced by mechanical overloading.
Social innovation in sport: the creation of Santa Cruz as a world surfing reserve
Authors: Ratten Vanessa 
Published: May 2018

Purpose
Nature-based sports such as surfing play an important role in the social harmony of regions, as they provide a way to protect the environment while incorporating a business element. The purpose of this paper is to examine how World Surfing Reserves are a form of social innovation in sport, as they are a program of Save the Waves, which aims to protect the cultural and environmental areas associated with surfing.

Design/methodology/approach
The aim of this paper is to focus on a case study of the Santa Cruz, California World Surfing Reserve created in 2012 to analyze the associated social innovation programs.

Findings
Increasingly nature-based and lifestyle sports that incorporate the natural environment have been an innovative way to encourage social issues to progress. This includes programs developed to address water quality at beaches and the development of associated programs around social innovation in terms of surfing as a way to connect people to the environment.

Research limitations/implications
Suggestions for policy development of social innovation programs in sport will be discussed in addition to directions for future research.

Originality/value
Institutional theory will be used as the theoretical framework to understand the effects of the natural environment and surfing culture on social innovation.
The association between controls, performance measures and performance
Authors: Baird Kevin , Su Sophia 
Published: May 2018

PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to contribute to the contingency-based literature examining the effectiveness of the intensity of control, which represents the combined use of Simons’s (1995) four levers of control: beliefs, boundary, diagnostic use of controls and interactive use of controls. Specifically, the study examines the association between the intensity of control with multidimensional performance measures (financial, customer, learning and growth, quality and internal business processes) and organisational performance (cost, delivery and flexibility).Design/methodology/approachA survey questionnaire was distributed to either the chief financial officers or financial controller within 645 Australian manufacturing organisations identified in the Onesource online database. Structural Equation Modelling was used to analyse the association between the intensity of control with multidimensional performance measures, and the association between multidimensional performance measures with organisational performance. The mediating effect of multidimensional performance measures on the association between the intensity of control and organisational performance was tested using the bootstrapping with bias-correct confidence intervals method.FindingsThe intensity of control is associated with the extent of use of multidimensional performance measures with the latter found to mediate the association between the intensity of control and performance (cost, delivery and flexibility). Additional analysis suggests that the extent of use of financial and quality measures mediates the association between the intensity of controls and cost performance; the extent of use of internal process and quality measures mediates the association between the intensity of controls and delivery performance; and the extent of use of internal process measures mediates the association between the intensity of controls and flexibility performance.Practical implicationsThe findings imply that management should employ a broader perception towards the use of performance measures both as a means of supporting the implementation of controls and facilitating enhanced organisational performance.Originality/valueThe study addresses the concern raised that the existing management control systems (MCSs) literature remains “piecemeal” due to the lack of recognition of the interdependency between different controls and the inability of researchers to examine MCSs as a holistic package. Specifically, this study provides insights into how the combined use of the four levers of controls and multidimensional performance measures can enhance specific aspects of organisational performance.
Translating technological change – implementing technology into a hospital
Authors: Morland Charlotte , Pettersen Inger Johanne 
Published: May 2018

PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to understand how changes in technological devices, implemented to increase productivity and enhance performance are translated by medical professions in their clinical work. As organizations become more technology dependent by digitalization, deeper understanding of change processes will enhance change outcomes.Design/methodology/approachA case study based on interviews, observations, on site and document analyses is undertaken to study the use of electronic speech recognizer (SR). An actor network theory (ANT) approach is used to address practice.FindingsDoctors diversely adjust to the new technology. The use of the SR technology was negotiated and translated by the doctors. The technology was continuously re-designed and interacting with the human actors. In the translation process, powerful actors (doctors) influence outcome of changes, and thus, they affect the effectiveness of the change initiatives.Research limitations/implicationsThe theoretical approach enables a detailed and rich understanding of the sociology of technology. Future research should go deeper into case studies in other contexts.Practical implicationsTechnology is not deterministic entities, and politicians and managers should pay attention to how technology interact with key actors in implementation of system (technology) changes. The design and use phases implicate on the effect of such changes.Social implicationsIn order to successfully manage change processes, powerful actors should be motivated to actively participate in the design and the implementation phases in order to design and redesign the functions and roles of technologies.Originality/valueThe theoretical approach (ANT) addresses technology according to the concept of sociomateriality. This approach enables understanding technology, people and organizations as entangled (integrated). The theoretical concepts developed knowledge to gain deeper and wider understanding of the role of technology in managing of performance and productivity initiatives.
Funding profiles of multisector health care alliances and their positioning for sustainability
Authors: Hearld Larry , Alexander Jeffrey A. , Wolf Laura J. , Shi Yunfeng 
Published: May 2018

Purpose
The purpose of this paper is to examine the relationship between different aspects of alliance funding profiles (e.g. range of sources, dependence on specific sources) and participant’ perceptions of how well the organization is positioned for the future.

Design/methodology/approach
A mixed method study in the context of eight alliances participating in the Robert Wood Johnson Foundation’s Aligning Forces for Quality program. Data collection approaches included surveys of alliance participants and semi-structured interviews with alliance leaders.

Findings
The findings indicate that dependence on grant revenues, in particular, may be problematic for how well alliances are positioned for sustainability. While a number of approaches were identified to reduce dependence on grants, implementing these strategies presented more of a challenge for alliances due to the contextual demands of their external environment and a need to strike a balance between pursuing alternative revenue sources and fidelity to the mission and identity of the organization.

Practical implications
Alliance leaders need to have not only a broad and accurate understanding of their external environment, but also an appreciation of the alliance’s identity in that environment. Collectively, the findings can help organizational leaders be more informed about their funding choices and the implications those choices have for the future of their organization.

Originality/value
Collaborative forms of organizations (e.g. alliances, coalitions, networks) are increasingly viewed as an effective means of addressing complex, multifaceted health, and social challenges. For collaborative organizations that depend on the coordinated efforts of volunteers, addressing such complex issues is predicated on sustaining programmatic activities as well as the interest and participation of stakeholders over extended periods of time. This study sheds light on how leaders of these organizations may improve their prospects for sustainability.
Innovative behaviour of knowledge workers and social exchange attributes of financial incentive: implications for knowledge management
Authors: Tsai Shu-pei 
Published: May 2018

PurposeEnhancing the innovative behaviour of knowledge workers is a main task in knowledge management. The pay-for-performance policy is one of the management practices for innovative behaviour enhancement and has been gaining popularity in the knowledge-intensive context. However, it is still uncertain whether such practice really enhances the innovative behaviour of knowledge workers. To address this issue, this paper aims to propose and verify a conceptual framework incorporating kernel notions of social exchange, psychological empowerment and work engagement rooted in the social cognition paradigm.Design/methodology/approachThe current study conducts a survey on 608 knowledge workers and their supervisors, validating the model structure and causal path pattern of the proposed framework. The causality is delineated from social exchange attributes of financial incentive, psychological empowerment and work engagement to innovative behaviour of knowledge workers.FindingsPerceived organisational support and perceived pay equity are primary antecedents of symbolic incentive meaning reflected in the financial incentive of the pay-for-performance policy. Symbolic incentive meaning comprising dimensions of relative position, control and personal importance relates positively to innovative behaviour of knowledge workers. Psychological empowerment and work engagement are partial mediators of the positive relationship.Originality/valueThe current study explicates why and how social exchange attributes of the financial incentive provided by the pay-for-performance policy may enhance innovative behaviour of knowledge workers. Implications are supplied to knowledge management scholars and practitioners to optimise the pay-for-performance policy for innovative behaviour enhancement.
Social identities in the field: how fluctuating fieldworker identities shape our research
Authors: Gosovic Anna Kirkebæk Johansson 
Published: May 2018

Purpose
The purpose of this paper is to contribute to developing the understanding and practice of fieldwork in familiar settings by expanding the literature on fieldworker identities.

Design/methodology/approach
Based on ethnographic fieldwork in a multinational biopharmaceutical corporation, and drawing on anthropological theory of social identities, the paper demonstrates the multiple and fluid identities that we as organizational ethnographers purposefully take on, accidentally acquire, unintentionally are ascribed with and experience during ethnographic fieldwork in familiar settings.

Findings
Building on these insights, and by expanding the literature on researcher identities, the paper develops a critique of the spatial and temporal notions often attached to fieldwork in familiar settings by demonstrating how outsider identities are ascribed even “at home” and how insider identities can be experienced when away. It further reflects on the ways in which these identities shape the data generation and interpretation process.

Originality/value
This paper argues that to properly grasp the multiple identity processes involved in a fieldwork, we must escape the spatial and temporal conceptualization of being either an insider or an outsider. Instead, the paper argues for a relational and situational perspective on being an insider and an outsider in the field and proposes to conceptualize “insider” and “outsider” as ascribed, changing and sometimes volatile social identities.
Online search behaviour of University of Zambia Library and Information Studies students
Authors: Makondo Francina N.S. , Kanyengo Christine Wamunyima , Kakana Fabian 
Published: May 2018

Purpose
The purpose of this paper is to investigate factors that affect web searching behaviour of the students of the University of Zambia (UNZA).

Design/methodology/approach
This study adopted a qualitative research approach in order to get an insight into the interactions of the students at the UNZA with the real web situation. A post-search questionnaire was used as a tool to gather information from 65 Library and Information Science students about search techniques used, web experience, and subject knowledge of users.

Findings
This study shows that the main purpose for using the internet by students at the UNZA is for academic work. The findings also show that factors such as experience and topic familiarity had an effect on search behaviour, whereas, age of searcher did not affect the search technique used. Google was preferred for searching more than electronic databases.

Originality/value
This is the first systematic examination of students online search behaviour in Zambia. It allows the researchers to compare with search behaviour of students in a different social economic environment.