bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A development of an equilibrium analysis model between electricity retailers under competitive environment
Authors: Sekizaki Shinya , Nishizaki Ichiro , Hayashida Tomohiro 
Published: March 2019

AbstractThis paper provides a novel equilibrium model for analyzing behaviors of the electric retailers under competitive environment. In the deregulated electricity retail market, the retailers purchase the electricity power and sell it to consumers at the competitive prices. According to their risk attitudes, the retailers optimize the selling prices and the purchase allocation between a day‐ahead market and forward contracts. Without the regulation, an equilibrium by those selfish decision‐making processes of multiple retailers would cause an adverse impact on the electricity market and also the power system. From stable and economical viewpoints, it is important to analyze the unfavorable equilibrium. The selfish behaviors of retailers are modeled as an equilibrium problem with equilibrium constraints in this paper and formulated as a mixed integer linear programming problem to obtain a generalized Nash equilibrium by commercial solvers efficiently. Through computational examples, the proposed model and formulation are validated.
Pd/C‐catalyzed reduction of NaHCO3 into formate with 2‐pyrrolidone under hydrothermal conditions
Authors: Zhu Yanjie , Yang Yang , Wang Xiaoguang , Zhong Heng , Jin Fangming 
Published: March 2019

AbstractConversion of CO2 into useful chemicals has been regarded as one promising method to mitigate the problem of global warming. However, developing an efficient method for CO2 reduction with facile hydrogen source is still a great challenge. In this study, a new and straightforward method to convert NaHCO3, a model compound of CO2 in basic solution, into formate with 2‐pyrrolidone, a model compound of protein‐containing biomass, as the reductant on a Pd/C catalyst in water was proposed. Results showed that a formate yield up to 30% from bicarbonate was successfully obtained over the Pd/C catalyst, and the Pd/C catalyst exhibited good catalytic activity and stability. Detailed studies revealed that the propanol generated from the decomposition of 2‐pyrrolidone under hydrothermal conditions acted as the actual reductant and hydrogen source for the bicarbonate reduction to formate. Since 2‐pyrrolidone can be readily generated from the proteins contained in biomass, the present research provides a promising technology of NaHCO3 reduction with biomass as the hydrogen source and the renewable energy input, thus it is green, sustainable, and promising for practical application.
Dynamics of salt marsh margins are related to their three‐dimensional functional form
Authors: Evans Ben R. , Möller Iris , Spencer Tom , Smith Geoff 
Published: March 2019

AbstractThe three‐dimensional configuration of sedimentary landforms in intertidal environments represents a major control on regional hydrodynamics. It modulates the location and magnitude of forces exerted by tidal currents and waves on the landform itself and on engineered infrastructure such as sea walls or coastal defences. Furthermore, the effect is reflexive, with the landforms representing an integrated, long‐term response to the forces exerted on them. There is a strong reciprocal linkage between form and process (morphodynamics) in the coastal zone which is significantly lagged and poorly understood in the case of cohesive, vegetated sediments in the intertidal zone. A method is presented that links the geometric properties of the tidal flat–salt marsh interface to the history and potential future evolution of that interface. A novel quantitative classification scheme that is capable of separating marsh margins based on their functional form is developed and is applied to demonstrate that relationships exist between landform configuration and morphological evolution across a regional extent. This provides evidence of a spatially variable balance between self‐organized and external controls on morphodynamic evolution and the first quantitative basis for a quick assessment procedure for likely future dynamism. © 2019 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
An Examination of Exposure Routes of Fluvalinate to Larval and Adult Honey Bees (Apis mellifera)
Authors: Fulton Corie A. , Huff Hartz Kara E. , Reeve John D. , Lydy Michael J. 
Published: March 2019

Abstract
Fluvalinate has been extensively used in the United States to combat honey bee colony loss due to Varroa destructor mites. Our objectives were to investigate the extent of fluvalinate contamination in commercially available wax and to define exposure pathways to larval and adult honey bees. All the commercial wax tested contained elevated fluvalinate concentrations, indicating a need for regulation of the sources of wax being rendered for resale. Based on the negative logarithm of the partition coefficient between wax and pollen (–0.54), it is evident that fluvalinate has the potential to actively transfer from the contaminated wax into hive matrices. This was confirmed by adding fluvalinate-dosed wax, fluvalinate-impregnated strips, or a combination of the 2 to hives. Larvae and adult bees were checked for fluvalinate exposure using gas chromatography–mass spectrometry analysis. Larvae had detectable concentrations of fluvalinate in all treatments. Bioaccumulation in adult bees was significantly affected by the interaction between treatment type and application time. In other words, residues from hives that only had fluvalinate-dosed wax were comparable to residues in hives that were actively being treated, suggesting that transfer of fluvalinate from wax into adult bees was an important exposure route. In conclusion, exposure of fluvalinate from contaminated wax and treatment strips to honey bees needs to be considered when the risk for colony loss in hives is being evaluated. Environ Toxicol Chem 2019;38:1356–1363. © 2019 SETAC
Expanding the carbo‐Benzene Chemical Space for Electron‐Accepting Ability: Trifluorotolyl/Tertiobutyl Substitution Balance
Authors: Chammam Marwa , Caballero‐Quintana Irving , Barreiro‐Argüelles Denisse , Amargós‐Reyes Olivia , Aidibi Youssef , Kauffmann Brice , Duhayon Carine , Maldonado José‐Luis , Ramos‐Ortíz Gabriel , Maraval Valérie , Chauvin Remi 
Published: March 2019

AbstractWith the view to altering the lipophilicity and electron accepting ability of the tetraphenyl‐carbo‐benzene scaffold, peripheral fluorination of the C18 ring through aromatic linkers was envisaged from the C18Ph6 and o‐tBu2C18Ph4 references, by replacement of two Ph substituents with two p‐CF3‐C6H4 counterparts (FTol). The synthesis relied on a [8+10] macrocyclization involving a common bis(trifluorotolyl)‐tetraynedione, followed by reductive aromatization of the resulting [6]pericyclynediols. While p‐FTol2C18Ph4 proved to be hardly tractable due to an extremely low solubility, p‐FTol2‐o‐tBu2C18Ph2 could be extensively studied by X‐ray crystallography, NMR and UV/Vis spectroscopy, voltammetry, STM imaging of monolayers, and AFM imaging of binary films with P3HT or PC71BM fabricated by spin‐coating for organic photovoltaic cells and J−V curve measurement thereof. The electronic and polarity properties are correlated with moderate but consistent electron‐withdrawing effects of the CF3 groups, in agreement with the DFT‐calculated frontier orbitals and multipole moments. The results provide guidelines for optimization of fluorinated carbo‐benzene targets.
Effect of β3‐Amino Acids on the Performance of the Peptidic Catalyst H‐dPro‐Pro‐Glu‐NH2
Authors: Schnitzer Tobias , Wennemers Helma 
Published: March 2019

AbstractThe effect of β3‐amino acids on the conformation and catalytic performance of the peptidic catalyst H‐dPro‐Pro‐Glu‐NH2 was investigated. Analogues of the peptidic catalyst bearing instead of the α‐amino acids the respective β3‐amino acids were prepared and their reactivity and stereoselectivity was investigated in conjugate addition reactions of aldehydes to nitroolefins. Additional computational studies provided insights into the preferred conformations of the peptidic catalysts. The results show that conformational flexibility at the N‐terminus has a severe effect on the stereoselectivity but is tolerated at the C‐terminus.
Conceptual Framework for Assessing Ecosystem Health
Authors: Harwell Mark A , Gentile John H , McKinney Larry D , Tunnell John W , Dennison William C , Kelsey R Heath , Stanzel Kiersten M , Stunz Gregory W , Withers Kim , Tunnell Jace 
Published: March 2019

Abstract
Over the past century, the environment of the Gulf of Mexico has been significantly altered and impaired by extensive human activities. A national commitment to restore the Gulf was finally initiated in response to the unprecedented Deepwater Horizon oil spill in 2010. Consequently, there is a critical need for an assessment framework and associated set of indicators that can characterize the health and sustainability of an ecosystem having the scale and complexity of the Gulf. The assessment framework presented here was developed as an integration of previous ecological risk– and environmental management–based frameworks for assessing ecosystem health. It was designed to identify the natural and anthropogenic drivers, pressures, and stressors impinging on ecosystems and ecosystem services, and the ecological conditions that result, manifested as effects on valued ecosystem components. Four types of societal and ecological responses are identified: reduction of pressures and stressors, remediation of existing stressors, active ecosystem restoration, and natural ecological recovery. From this conceptual framework are derived the specific indicators to characterize ecological condition and progress toward achieving defined ecological health and sustainability goals. Additionally, the framework incorporates a hierarchical structure to communicate results to a diversity of audiences, from research scientists to environmental managers and decision makers, with the level of detail or aggregation appropriate for each targeted audience. Two proof-of-concept studies were conducted to test this integrated assessment and decision framework, a prototype Texas Coastal Ecosystems Report Card, and a pilot study on enhancing rookery islands in the Mission-Aransas Reserve, Texas, USA. This Drivers–Pressures–Stressors–Condition–Responses (DPSCR4) conceptual framework is a comprehensive conceptual model of the coupled human–ecological system. Much like its predecessor, the ecological risk assessment framework, the DPSCR4 conceptual framework can be tailored to different scales of complexity, different ecosystem types with different stress regimes, and different environmental settings. Integr Environ Assess Manag 2019;15:544–564. © 2019 The Authors. Integrated Environmental Assessment and Management published by Wiley Periodicals, Inc. on behalf of Society of Environmental Toxicology & Chemistry (SETAC)
Meds‐to‐Beds: The impact of a bedside medication delivery program on 30‐day readmissions
Authors: Lash David B. , Mack Angela , Jolliff Jeffrey , Plunkett Joshua , Joson Jeremiah L. 
Published: March 2019

BackgroundIn order to reduce Centers for Medicare and Medicaid Services (CMS)‐directed readmission penalties and improve patient discharge care, a bedside discharge medication delivery service was developed.ObjectiveTo evaluate the impact of a bedside discharge medication delivery and pharmacist consultation service (Meds‐to‐Beds; MtB) on 30‐day readmission rates at an academic hospital.MethodsThe pharmacist‐led MtB program was established in September 2016. Unplanned 30‐day readmission data and other disease severity indicators were retrospectively collected from September 2015 to January 2017. Readmission data were compared for patients discharged prior to availability of the MtB program vs patients who participated in the program.ResultsA total of 174 MtB patients and 170 control patients were included. There were significantly fewer 30‐day readmissions in the MtB group (n = 14, 8.0%) compared with the control group (n = 28, 16.5%, P = 0.02). MtB participation was found to decrease the odds of a 30‐day readmission (odds ratio = 0.40, 95% confidence interval 0.190, 0.843, P = 0.016).ConclusionsA care transition program in the form of a bedside medication delivery and pharmacist consultation service was associated with a lower likelihood of 30‐day hospital readmission.
Activation of the N‐methyl‐d‐aspartate receptor is involved in glyphosate‐induced renal proximal tubule cell apoptosis
Authors: Gao Hui , Chen Jing , Ding Fan , Chou Xin , Zhang Xiaoyan , Wan Yi , Hu Jianying , Wu Qing 
Published: March 2019

AbstractGlyphosate‐based herbicides have been used worldwide for decades and have been suggested to induce nephrotoxicity, but the underlying mechanism is not yet clear. In this study, we treated a human renal proximal tubule cell line (HK‐2) with glyphosate for 24 hours at concentrations of 0, 20, 40 and 60 μm. Glyphosate was found to reduce cell viability and induce apoptosis and oxidative stress in a dose‐dependent manner. Because the chemical structures of glyphosate and those of its metabolite AMPA are similar to glycine and glutamate, which are agonists of the N‐methyl‐d‐aspartate receptor (NMDAR), we investigated the potential role of the NMDAR pathway in mediating the proapoptotic effect of glyphosate on proximal tubule cells. We found that NMDAR1 expression, as well as intracellular Ca2+ ([Ca2+]i) and reactive oxygen species (ROS) levels, increased after glyphosate treatment. Blocking NMDAR attenuated glyphosate‐induced upregulation of [Ca2+]i and ROS levels as well as apoptosis. Meanwhile, inhibition of [Ca2+]i reduced glyphosate‐induced ROS and apoptosis, and inhibition of ROS alleviated glyphosate‐induced apoptosis. In mice exposed to 400 mg/kg glyphosate, the urine low molecular weight protein levels started to increase from day 7. Upregulation of apoptosis and NMDAR1 expression in renal proximal tubule epithelium and an imbalance of oxidant and antioxidative products were observed. These results strongly suggest that activation of the NMDAR1 pathway, together with its downstream [Ca2+]i and oxidative stress, is involved in glyphosate‐induced renal proximal tubule epithelium apoptosis.
In vivo evaluation of an electrospun gelatin nonwoven mat for regeneration of epithelial tissues
Authors: Strassburg Sandra , Caduc Madeline , Stark Gerhard Bjoern , Jedrusik Nicole , Tomakidi Pascal , Steinberg Thorsten , Simunovic Filip , Finkenzeller Günter 
Published: March 2019

AbstractOne major objective in epithelial tissue engineering is to identify a suitable biomaterial that supports epithelial tissue formation. Therefore, the purpose of this study is to elucidate a novel electrospun gelatin nonwoven mat (NWM) for epithelial tissue engineering purposes in vivo. This NWM was seeded with either human gingival keratinocytes (GK, in coculture with gingival fibroblast) or human skin epithelial keratinocytes (EK, in coculture with skin dermal fibroblasts). These constructs were ex vivo cultured for 4 days before subcutaneous implantation into athymic nude mice. After 7 days, the constructs were explanted and investigated by immunohistology. Our results show that GK form a stratified epithelium on the surface of the NWM, mostly independent of a fibroblastic counterpart. Like native mucosa, the regenerated epithelium showed expression of epidermal growth factor receptor, cytokeratin‐14 and ‐1, and involucrin. Only the expression of the basement membrane constituent laminin 5 was more pronounced in cocultures. Comparing GK and skin EK, we found that skin EK form a less developed epithelial tissue. Furthermore, the NWM allows not only for epithelial tissue formation by GK, but also for infiltration of human fibroblasts and mouse immune cells, thus representing a biomaterial with potential regenerative capacity for oral mucosa tissue engineering applications. © 2019 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Biomed Mater Res Part A: 107A: 1605–1614, 2019.
Compromised Exercise Capacity and Mitochondrial Dysfunction in the Osteogenesis Imperfecta Murine (oim) Mouse Model
Authors: Gremminger Victoria L , Jeong Youngjae , Cunningham Rory P , Meers Grace M , Rector R Scott , Phillips Charlotte L 
Published: March 2019

ABSTRACTOsteogenesis imperfecta (OI) is a heritable connective tissue disorder that most often arises from type I collagen—COL1A1 and COL1A2—gene defects leading to skeletal fragility, short stature, blue-gray sclera, and muscle weakness. Relative to the skeletal fragility, muscle weakness is much less understood. Recent investigations into OI muscle weakness in both patients and mouse models have revealed the presence of an inherent muscle pathology. Understanding the mechanisms responsible for OI muscle weakness is critical, particularly in light of the extensive cross-talk between muscle and bone via mechanotransduction and biochemical signaling. In the following study we initially subjected WT and oim/oim mice, modeling severe human OI type III, to either weight-bearing (voluntary wheel-running) or non-weight-bearing (swimming) exercise regimens as a modality to improve muscle strength and ultimately bone strength. The oim/oim mice ran only 35% to 42% of the distance run by age- and sex-matched WT mice and exhibited little improvement with either exercise regimen. Upon further investigation, we determined that oim/oim gastrocnemius muscle exhibited severe mitochondrial dysfunction as characterized by a 52% to 65% decrease in mitochondrial respiration rates, alterations in markers of mitochondrial biogenesis, mitophagy, and the electron transport chain components, as well as decreased mitochondrial citrate synthase activity, relative to age- and sex-matched WT gastrocnemius muscle. Thus, mitochondrial dysfunction in the oim/oim mouse likely contributes to compromised muscle function and reduced physical activity levels. © 2019 American Society for Bone and Mineral Research.
Salubrinal, a novel inhibitor of eIF‐2α dephosphorylation, promotes erythropoiesis at early stage targeted by ufmylation pathway
Authors: Chen Fanghui , Xing Chaofeng , Zhang Wei , Li Jun , Hu Tianxiang , Li Lian , Li Honglin , Cai Yafei 
Published: March 2019

AbstractUfmylation was proved to play a crucial role in hematopoietic stem cell (HSC) survival and erythroid differentiation, ufmylation deficiency induces acute anemia and lethality of embryos and adults in mouse models. To screen some compounds to rescue phenotypes induced by gene deletion, in this study, we used DDRGK1F/F; CreERT2 conditional knockout mice, DDRGK1F/F; CreERT2 bone marrow (BM) and fetal liver cells (FL), Uba5, and DDRGK1 knockdown human CD34 cell in vivo and in vitro, we found salubrinal, a novel inhibitor of eIF‐2α dephosphorylation, promoted erythropoiesis at early stage, and partly rescued the acute anemia induce by DDRGK1 deficiency through upregulation of ufmylation and erythroid transcription factors. In phenylhydrazine (PHZ)‐induced hemolytic anemia mice, interestingly, salubrinal could significantly improve hemocrit and red blood cell (RBC) indices of the mice treated with PHZ via upregulation of ufmylation. Its novel function was verified to attenuate unfolded protein response (UPR) and cell death programs, and to keep endoplasmic reticulum (ER) homeostasis in HSCs. Taken together results, it suggested that salubrinal may be a promising antianemic agent targeted by ufmylation.
Hybrid fiber alterations in exercising seniors suggest contribution to fast‐to‐slow muscle fiber shift
Authors: Moreillon Maxime , Conde Alonso Sonia , Broskey Nicholas T. , Greggio Chiara , Besson Cyril , Rousson Valentin , Amati Francesca 
Published: March 2019

AbstractBackgroundHuman skeletal muscle is composed of a functional and metabolic continuum of slow (Type I) and fast fibers (IIa and IIx). Hybrid fibers co‐expressing different myosin heavy chains are also present and seem to be more prominent in aging muscle. Their role is debated; hybrid fibers were reported either in a transitional state, between slow and fast fibers, or as fixed individual entities. This study examined the fate of hybrid fibers with an endurance exercise intervention in an elderly sedentary population.MethodsTwenty‐two sedentary healthy elderly men and women underwent a 16‐week supervised endurance exercise intervention. Eighteen endurance‐trained age‐ and gender‐matched volunteers served as controls. Fiber type distribution was determined by immunohistochemistry on vastus lateralis muscle biopsies pre‐intervention and post‐intervention.ResultsA total of 13840 fibers were analyzed. At baseline, a Type II dominant fiber profile was observed compared with the control group, with more Type IIa (P = 0.0301) and Type IIx fibers (P = 0.0328). Hybrid fibers represented almost 5% of total muscle fibers in both groups. There was no significant difference between groups (I–IIa, P = 0.6719 and IIa–IIx, P = 0.0998). Intervention triggered qualitative dynamics towards an increase in Type I, and decrease in Type II fibers, paralleled by an increase in I–IIa hybrids (P = 0.0301).ConclusionsThe present study is, to our knowledge, the first to examine hybrid muscle fiber type adaptations to an endurance exercise intervention in the elderly. Hybrid fiber proportions did not differ between chronic sedentary state and chronic endurance‐trained state. Exercise intervention increased Type I–IIa hybrid fibers along with shift dynamics in other fiber types suggesting the contribution of hybrid fiber to a fast‐to‐slow fiber type transition, eventually serving as intermediate reservoir from one monomorphic myosin heavy chain expressing fiber type to another. This finding favours the transitional theory regarding hybrid muscle fibers and exercise, crucial to understanding reversible mechanisms of sarcopenia and development of prevention measures.
The relationship between genetic counseling student self‐efficacy and clinical training
Authors: Owens‐Thomas Elizabeth , Wusik Katie , He Hua , Yager Geoffrey , Atzinger Carrie L. 
Published: March 2019

AbstractClinical experience is an important part of the training required in genetic counseling graduate programs, but little evidence exists for the number of clinical cases a student may need in order to confidently perform skills. The purpose of this study was to further describe the relationship between genetic counseling student self‐efficacy and the number of core cases students log during their training. In this study, second year genetic counseling students nearing the end of their training completed a questionnaire that included the Genetic Counseling Self‐efficacy Scale (GCSES) and questions related to the students' clinical experiences. Genetic counseling student self‐efficacy was found to be positively associated with the number of core cases the student accumulated during training, with a plateau in GCSES scores between 80 and 100 core cases. These data suggest that 50 cases may not be enough for the average student, but over 100 may be more than needed in order to feel confident in their skills. Genetic counseling programs may benefit from increased flexibility in clinical training to meet the different needs of their trainees. Further studies characterizing the relationship between genetic counseling student self‐efficacy and clinical competency, and well as the effectiveness of clinical training by genetic counseling programs, may aid in better understanding the clinical training specifications that best meet the needs of genetic counseling trainees.