bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Preparation and characterization of metastable solid solution Mg0.33Al0.66 and Mg0.33Al0.63Si0.03 obtained by mechanical alloying
Authors: Jaafar Hassen , Abdellaoui Mohieddine 
Published: June 2019

The use of mechanical alloying in this work leads to a solid solution Mg0.33Al0.66 instead of Laves phase MgAl2. Monosubstituted alloy Mg0.33Al0.63Si0.03 was obtained in good yield after 20 hours mechanical alloying with shock power of 6.5 W/g.
Current work in progress aims to study the thermodynamic hydrogenation properties of these metastable compounds and explore different substitution for possible adaptation serving stabilized solid-Hydrogen as bulk reservoir in Fuel Cells or Ni-MH batteries.
Timing and ecological priority shaped the diversification of sedges in the Himalayas
Authors: Uzma  , Jiménez-Mejías Pedro , Amir Rabia , Hayat Muhammad Qasim , Hipp Andrew L. 
Published: June 2019

Background
Diversification patterns in the Himalayas have been important to our understanding of global biodiversity. Despite recent broad-scale studies, the most diverse angiosperm genus of the temperate zone—Carex L. (Cyperaceae), with ca. 2100 species worldwide—has not yet been studied in the Himalayas, which contains 189 Carex species. Here the timing and phylogenetic pattern of lineage and ecological diversification were inferred in this ecologically significant genus. We particularly investigated whether priority, adaptation to ecological conditions, or both explain the highly successful radiation of the Kobresia clade (ca. 60 species, of which around 40 are present in the Himalayas) of Himalayan Carex.

Methods
Phylogenetic relationships were inferred using maximum likelihood analysis of two nuclear ribosomal DNA (nrDNA) regions (ITS and ETS) and one plastid gene (matK); the resulting tree was time-calibrated using penalized likelihood and a fossil calibration at the root of the tree. Biogeographical reconstruction for estimation of historical events and ancestral ranges was performed using the dispersal-extinction-cladogenesis (DEC) model, and reciprocal effects between biogeography and diversification were inferred using the geographic state speciation and extinction (GeoSSE) model. Climatic envelopes for all species for which mapped specimen data available were estimated using climatic data from WORLDCLIM, and climatic niche evolution was inferred using a combination of Ornstein-Uhlenbeck models of shifting adaptive optima and maximum likelihood inference of ancestral character states under a Brownian motion model.

Results
The Himalayan Carex flora represents three of the five major Carex clades, each represented by multiple origins within the Himalayas. The oldest Carex radiation in the region, dating to ca. 20 Ma, near the time of Himalayan orogeny, gave rise to the now abundant Kobresia clade via long-distance dispersal from the Nearctic. The Himalayan Carex flora comprises a heterogeneous sample of diversifications drawn from throughout the cosmopolitan, but mostly temperate, Carex radiation. Most radiations are relatively recent, but the widespread and diverse Himalayan Kobresia radiation arose at the early Miocene. The timing and predominance of Kobresia in high-elevation Himalayan meadows suggests that Kobresia may have excluded other Carex lineages: the success of Kobresia in the Himalayas, in other words, appears to be a consequence largely of priority, competitive exclusion and historical contingency.
Emerging trends and knowledge structure of epilepsy during pregnancy research for 2000–2018: a bibliometric analysis
Authors: Wang Minglu , Li Weitao , Tao Yuying , Zhao Limei 
Published: June 2019

Background
Epilepsy during pregnancy presents a unique set of challenges for pregnant women, the fetus, and the health care community. As research in this area advances rapidly, it is critical to keep up with the emerging trends and key turning points of the development of the domain knowledge. This study aimed to construct a series of science maps to quantitatively and qualitatively evaluate the intellectual landscape and research frontiers in the field of epilepsy during pregnancy research.

Methods
All publications were extracted from the Web of Science Core Collection database. Bibliometric analysis was used to analyze the scientific research outputs, including journals, countries/regions, institutions, authors (cited authors), intellectual base and research hotspots.

Results
A total of 2,225 publications related to epilepsy during pregnancy were identified as published between 2000 and 2018. The overall trend of the number of publications showed a fluctuating growth from 59 articles in 2000 to 198 in 2018. Neurology was the leading journal in the field of epilepsy and pregnancy research both in terms of impact factor score (8.055) and H-index value (77). The US retained its leading position and exerted a pivotal influence in this area. The University of Melbourne was identified as a good research institution for research collaboration. Prof. Pennell and Tomson have made great achievements in this area, and Prof. Tomson laid a foundation for the development of this domain. The keyword “neonatal seizures” ranked first in research hotspots, and the keyword “autism spectrum disorders (ASD)” ranked first in research frontiers.

Conclusions
Epilepsy during pregnancy is a fascinating and rapid development of subject matter. A more recent emerging trend focused on comprehensive management of pregnant and lactating women, evaluation of the safety and efficacy of newer antiepileptic drugs. The keywords “management issue,” “brain injury,” “meta-analysis,” “in utero exposure,” and “ASD” were the latest research frontiers and should be closely observed.
In vitro-Modulation of HbS Erythrocyte Parameters By Prednisolone Testing For Fe2+/Fe3+ Ratio, HbS Gelation and Osmotic Fragility
Authors: Franca Okoye Ngozi , Achor Amadi Benjamin , Miriam Okoro 
Published: June 2019

Aim: The study is targeted at the sickle cell disease. It has been discovered that some drugs or medications taken for certain ailments are either pro-sickling or anti-sickling in nature. In this study, acorticosteroid by the name of prednisolone was investigated to determineits possible effects on human haemoglobin-S gelation, erythrocyte fragility and Fe2+ and Fe3+ concentrations.
Materials and Method: The blood sample of 5ml was collected from adult male and female donors by vein puncture using a 5 ml syringe and needle. The blood samples were confirmed as HbSS using standard haemoglobin electrophoresis. Various concentrations of the drug (0.05, 0.1, 0.3, 0.5 and 1 mg/ml) were used to determine the effects on human haemoglobin-S, gelation rate, erythrocyte fragility, Fe2+& Fe3+ concentrations. Absorbance reading was taken at 540 nm using a spectrophotometer.
Results: The results showed that Prednisolone increased haemoglobin S gelation at all concentrations (p< 0.05) when compared to the control. The Fe2+/Fe3+ ratio showed a reduction in haemoglobin values at 0.3, 0.5 and 1.0 mg/ml concentrations when compared to the control and a slight increase at 0.05 and 0.1 mg/ml. For Erythrocyte Fragility, there was destabilization of red cell in all concentrations.
Conclusion: This study suggests that this drug could have some undesirable effects on sickle cell subjects.
Ida, Mount
Authors: Kotsonas Antonis 
Published: June 2019

Abstract
Ida, also known as “Psiloritis” from medieval times onwards, is an extensive mountain range of central Crete rising to 2,456 m. In prehistoric times, the mountain was the home of an administrative and economic center at Zominths. In Classical antiquity it was famous for the sanctuary of the Idaean Cave, which was dedicated to Zeus.
Epigraphy, Byzantine
Authors: Toth Ida 
Published: June 2019

Abstract

Byzantine epigraphy studies inscriptions on a number of media (stone, glass, fresco‐plaster, metal, and other natural and man‐made materials) dating to the time between the fourth and fifteenth centuries
ce
. Such inscriptions (predominantly Greek, but also Latin, Coptic, Syriac, Armenian, and Slavonic or even multilingual) could serve a range of purposes (e.g. honorific, dedicatory, commemorative, etc.).
Dream interpretation
Authors: Oberhelman Steven M. 
Published: June 2019

AbstractDream interpretation (oneirocriticism), a practice with roots in Pharaonic Egypt and Old Babylonian and Assyrian culture, was common throughout the Greek, Roman, and Byzantine periods. Dreams had many causes (naturalistic or supernatural) and could signify nothing other than the dreamer's mental or physical condition, or be prognosticative of the future. If a dream was a vision or epiphany, no interpretation was usually needed. Many dreams were symbolic and so required an interpreter, someone skilled in decoding dream language, to recover the dream's meaning and importance.
Camulodunum (Colchester)
Authors: Rogers Adam 
Published: June 2019

AbstractCamulodunum lies beneath modern Colchester in Essex, 80 km northeast of London, in what was the territory of the Trinovantes. Roman occupation began in the 40sce, first with a legionary fortress and then a colony. It possessed a temple of Claudius and was a focal point of the Boudican revolt.
Associations, Greek and Roman
Authors: Liu Jinyu 
Published: June 2019

Abstract
The formation and the activities of Greek and Roman associations were generally subject to governmental regulations. The size, membership base, and recruitment policy, however, varied from association to association. The members of associations were heterogeneous in terms of their legal and socioeconomic status. Joining an association was neither indicative of lack of family connections nor serving as a substitute for family relationships. Instead, associations intersected and interacted with other social networks such as family, kinship, and friendship, and may function as trust networks. Epigraphic evidence concerning the participation of associations within civic life, networks of benefaction, and the ruler cults abounds.
Freedmen and freedwomen
Authors: Liu Jinyu 
Published: June 2019

Abstract
Upon manumission, a slave became a freedman/woman. In both Greece and Rome, freedman status was a legal category, and freedmen/women did not constitute a homogeneous social class. Although freedmen/women were all faced with legal limitations, at least until Justinian, and had various obligations to their former masters, there were also tremendous differences in terms of their socioeconomic connections, financial status, social mobility, and occupations. Children born to freedmen/women after manumission, however, were freeborn. In the Roman Empire, freedmen/women were well represented in the epigraphic material, which provides rich information concerning their aspirations and diverse roles in society.
Wine
Authors: Estreicher Stefan K. 
Published: June 2019

AbstractThe wild easternVitis vinifera sylvestriswas domesticated and the first wine made ca. 6000bcein Neolithic Transcaucasia and eastern Anatolia. Wine played important roles as a safe drink (normally mixed with water) as well as in religion, medicine, and trade. The Phoenicians introduced viticulture around the Mediterranean Basin and the Ancient Greeks made wine a drink accessible to all levels of society. The Romans perfected the technology for its mass production and expanded viticulture away from the Mediterranean coast.
Aquilius Gallus, Gaius
Authors: Tuori Kaius 
Published: June 2019

Abstract

Gaius Aquilius Gallus was a Roman jurist of the Late Republic. He is best known through his role in the lawsuit of Aulus Caecina, which produced Cicero's speech
pro Caecina
. Among lawyers, he is famous as the inventor of several important institutions of Roman law, such as the
stipulatio Aquiliana
, the
actio de dolo
, and the
exceptio doli
. However, very little is known of his life and works beyond the references in Cicero and in Pomponius (the latter included him in the canon of important jurists), and a number of quotations in the
Digest
of Justinian.
Ofilius (Aulus Ofilius)
Authors: Möller Cosima 
Published: June 2019

Abstract

Ofilius was a jurist in the last decades of the Roman Republic. As a pupil of Servius Sulpicius Rufus, he was involved in the codification project of Julius Caesar. He was the first jurist who commented on the Praetor's Edict extensively. Important subjects he dealt with are legacies and water law. Lenel lists 58 citations in the
Digest
of Justinian, none deriving directly from the original works.
No apparent effect of naproxen onCSFmarkers of innate immune activation
Authors: Meyer Pierre‐François , Labonté Anne , Rosa‐Neto Pedro , Poirier Judes , Breitner John C. S. ,   the PREVENT‐AD Research Group
Published: June 2019

AbstractWe studied 78 participants having a parental or multiple‐sibling history of Alzheimer’s disease (AD) in a two‐year randomized placebo‐controlled trial of naproxen 220 mg b.i.d. for mitigation of early AD pathogenesis. Naproxen was detected in cerebrospinal fluid at concentrations ~100 times lower than in plasma, but produced negligible change in immune markers. The repeated lack of benefit in AD prevention trials using naproxen and related drugs may reflect limited CNS permeability, lack of expected drug effects, or both. These findings suggest reconsideration of implications from results of AD prevention trials using anti‐inflammatory drugs.
Electronically Nonadiabatic Structural Transformations Promoted by Electron Beams
Authors: Lingerfelt David B. , Ganesh Panchapakesan , Jakowski Jacek , Sumpter Bobby G. 
Published: June 2019

AbstractThe use of scanning transmission electron microscopes to manipulate substitutional defects in graphene has recently been demonstrated and modeled using ground state molecular dynamics, but the role of electronic excitations induced through inelastic electron scattering in promoting these transformations has so‐far remained unexplored. Here, probed are the effects of electronic excitation on the structural dynamics of graphene quantum dots of differing edge morphologies that are substitutionally doped with silicon or phosphorous. The ground and excited state potential energy barriers for pyramidal inversion of these nonplanar doped species are evaluated using time‐dependent density functional theory. Optically bright excited states in which the barrier is decreased are identified in the low energy region of the electronic spectrum, suggesting that photoexcitation can modulate the reactivity of defects in graphene under electron beam irradiation. Coupling matrix elements between these inversion‐favoring excited states and the ground state and time‐domain simulations of the material's response to a point charge impulse indicate that focusing an electron beam near the defect can also lead to population of these states, suggesting that beam electrons incident on a defect can both excite the material to an inversion‐favoring state and transfer momentum to the defect to initiate the inversion.
Enhancing Water Evaporation by Interfacial Silica Nanoparticles
Authors: Lin Kejun , Chen Ruoyang , Zhang Liyuan , Shen Wei , Zang Duyang 
Published: June 2019

AbstractThis study provides a simple nanoparticle–water system for enhancing the water evaporation in a low‐cost and energy‐efficient way. The particle–water system is achieved by depositing a layer of hydrophobic silica nanoparticles onto the water surface. The influence of the locally curved water surface, generated by interfacial nanoparticles, to the water evaporation rate is investigated. The experimental results show that the coverage of nanoparticle layer on the water surface enhances the water evaporation flux. A theoretical model based on Kelvin equation is proposed to explain the evaporation enhancement with the local curvature of water surface distorted by hydrophobic nanoparticles on water surface. The major influencing factors on the water evaporation enhancement are found to involve the coverage of nanoparticle layer, surface concentration of nanoparticles, and surface tension of water. The experimental findings offer a novel protocol for evaporation enhancement during water purification and salt mining.
Nanofluid Based on Glucose‐Derived Carbon Dots Functionalized with [Bmim]Cl for the Next Generation of Smart Windows
Authors: Gonçalves Helena M. R. , Pereira Rui F. P. , Lepleux Emmanuel , Carlier Thomas , Pacheco Louis , Pereira Sónia , Valente Artur J. M. , Fortunato Elvira , Duarte Abel J. , de Zea Bermudez Verónica 
Published: June 2019

AbstractThe design of new advanced materials and technologies is essential for the development of smart windows for the next generation of energy‐efficient buildings. Here, it is demonstrated that the functionalization of glucose‐derived carbon dots with 1‐butyl‐3‐methylimidazolium chloride results in a self‐standing, water‐soluble, viscous, reusable nanofluid with self‐improving conductivity, thermotropy around 30–40 °C, and ultraviolet blocking ability. Its synthesis is straightforward, clean, fast, and cheap. At 36 °C (hot summer day), a sun‐actuated thermotropic (TT) device incorporating a 95% w/w nanofluid aqueous solution exhibits a transmittance variation (ΔT) of 9% at 550/1000 nm, which is amplified to 47/31% via the surface plasmon resonance effect. An integrated self‐healing system enabling independent sun‐actuated TT and voltage‐actuated electrochromic (EC) operation is also produced. The low‐energy EC device offers bright hot and dark cold modes (ΔT = 68/64%), excellent cycling stability, unprecedented coloration efficiency values (−1.73 × 106/−1.67 × 106 cm2 C−1 (coloring) and +1.12 × 107/+1.08 × 107 cm2 C−1 (bleaching) at ±2.5 V), and impressive memory effect. The disruptive design and sustainable synthesis of the new nanofluid proposed here will foster the agile development of novel products with improved ecological footprint.
Optoelectronic Device Simulations Based on Macroscopic Maxwell–Bloch Equations
Authors: Jirauschek Christian , Riesch Michael , Tzenov Petar 
Published: June 2019

AbstractDue to their intuitiveness, flexibility, and relative numerical efficiency, the macroscopic Maxwell–Bloch (MB) equations are a widely used semiclassical and semi‐phenomenological model to describe optical propagation and coherent light–matter interaction in media consisting of discrete‐level quantum systems. This review focuses on the application of this model to advanced optoelectronic devices, such as quantum cascade and quantum dot lasers. The Bloch equations are here treated as a density matrix model for driven quantum systems with two or multiple discrete energy levels, where dissipation is included by Lindblad terms. Furthermore, the 1D MB equations for semiconductor waveguide structures and optical fibers are rigorously derived. Special analytical solutions and suitable numerical methods are presented. Due to the importance of the MB equations in computational electrodynamics, an emphasis is placed on the comparison of different numerical schemes, both with and without the rotating wave approximation. The implementation of additional effects which can become relevant in semiconductor structures, such as spatial hole burning, inhomogeneous broadening, and local‐field corrections, is discussed. Finally, links to microscopic models and suitable extensions of the Lindblad formalism are briefly addressed.
Distillation of alcohol/water solution in hybrid metal–organic framework hollow fibers
Authors: Su Pengcheng , Zhang Xu , Li Yang , Chen Haofeng , Meng Qin , Zhang Guoliang 
Published: June 2019

AbstractDistillation with multitudinous structured packings has shown great potential for chemical separation. However, there still remains a big challenge to prepare porous structured packings with more productive separation and better mass transfer efficiency due to materials limitations. Metal–organic framework (MOF) membranes have commendable porous structures that provide enough pathways for fast mass transport and superhydrophobic character for efficient separation. Herein, novel MOFs‐based hollow fiber structured packings were fabricated by a facile two‐step blending and post‐coating method and successfully applied in alcohol/water distillation. The ZIF‐8 nanoparticles with high surface area and hydrophobic framework in PDMS matrix greatly accelerated mass transfer rate of membrane. Especially, as hydrophobic ZIF‐8/PDMS layer was coated on the inner surface of fibers, the wetting behavior of membranes can be effectively prevented. The prepared ZIF‐8/PDMS structured packings can be easily operated far above the normal flooding limit and held the height of mass transfer unit as small as desired.
Nutritional transition in schoolchildren from Tucumán, Argentina: A cross‐sectional analysis of nutritional status and body composition
Authors: Cordero María L. , Cesani María F. 
Published: June 2019

AbstractObjectiveThe aim of this article was to describe the nutritional status and body composition of schoolchildren from Tucumán (Argentina) and analyze variations according to sex, area of residence, and socioeconomic status (SES).MethodsA cross‐sectional study was performed in 1948 schoolchildren aged 8.0 to 11.9 years. Body weight, height, triceps skinfold, waist, and upper arm circumferences were measured. Nutritional status and body composition were estimated using the NHANES III reference. SES was surveyed with the Family Affluence Scale. Area of residence was classified as urban or rural based on the criteria of the National Institute of Statistics and Censuses of Argentina. Logistic regression analysis was applied to evaluate nutritional status and body composition according to sex, area of residence, and SES.ResultsThe prevalence of overweight and obesity was 12.3% and 18.2%, respectively, as compared with that of underweight (2.3%), stunting (3%), and wasting (2.1%). The prevalence of stunting and wasting was higher in girls, while that of obesity was higher in boys. Low SES schoolchildren registered a higher prevalence of stunting. Analysis of body composition indicated modifications in adipose and muscular tissues, especially in undernourished (underweight, stunting, or wasting) children and children with excess weight (overweight or obesity).ConclusionThe child population from Tucumán is undergoing an accelerated process of nutritional transition, manifested by the double burden of malnutrition. The distribution of stunting, wasting, and obesity, and changes in fat and muscular tissues were not homogeneous, revealing differences according to sex, area of residence, and SES.