bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Metal–Organic Frameworks‐Derived Mesoporous Si/SiOx@NC Nanospheres as a Long‐Lifespan Anode Material for Lithium‐Ion Batteries
Authors: Majeed Muhammad K. , Ma Guangyao , Cao Yanxiu , Mao Hongzhi , Ma Xiaojian , Ma Wenzhe 
Published: July 2019

AbstractSilicon (Si)‐based anode materials with suitable engineered nanostructures generally have improved lithium storage capabilities, which provide great promise for the electrochemical performance in lithium‐ion batteries (LIBs). Herein, a metal–organic framework (MOF)‐derived unique core–shell Si/SiOx@NC structure has been synthesized by a facile magnesio‐thermic reduction, in which the Si and SiOx matrix were encapsulated by nitrogen (N)‐doped carbon. Importantly, the well‐designed nanostructure has enough space to accommodate the volume change during the lithiation/delithiation process. The conductive porous N‐doped carbon was optimized through direct carbonization and reduction of SiO2 into Si/SiOx simultaneously. Benefiting from the core–shell structure, the synthesized product exhibited enhanced electrochemical performance as an anode material in LIBs. Particularly, the Si/SiOx@NC‐650 anode showed the best reversible capacities up to 724 and 702 mAh g−1 even after 100 cycles. The excellent cycling stability of Si/SiOx@NC‐650 may be attributed to the core–shell structure as well as the synergistic effect between the Si/SiOx and MOF‐derived N‐doped carbon.
Estimation of the intensity function of an inhomogeneous Poisson process with a change‐point
Authors: Ng Tin Lok J. , Murphy Thomas B. 
Published: July 2019

AbstractRecent work on point processes includes studying posterior convergence rates of estimating a continuous intensity function. In this article, convergence rates for estimating the intensity function and change‐point are derived for the more general case of a piecewise continuous intensity function. We study the problem of estimating the intensity function of an inhomogeneous Poisson process with a change‐point using non‐parametric Bayesian methods. An Markov Chain Monte Carlo (MCMC) algorithm is proposed to obtain estimates of the intensity function and the change‐point which is illustrated using simulation studies and applications. The Canadian Journal of Statistics 47: 604–618; 2019 © 2019 Statistical Society of Canada
A phase 1 and randomized, placebo‐controlled phase 2 trial of bevacizumab plus dasatinib in patients with recurrent glioblastoma: Alliance/North Central Cancer Treatment Group N0872
Authors: Galanis Evanthia , Anderson S. Keith , Twohy Erin L. , Carrero Xiomara W. , Dixon Jesse G. , Tran David Dinh , Jeyapalan Suriya A. , Anderson Daniel M. , Kaufmann Timothy J. , Feathers Ryan W. , Giannini Caterina , Buckner Jan C. , Anastasiadis Panos Z. , Schiff David 
Published: July 2019

BackgroundSrc signaling is markedly upregulated in patients with invasive glioblastoma (GBM) after the administration of bevacizumab. The Src family kinase inhibitor dasatinib has been found to effectively block bevacizumab‐induced glioma invasion in preclinical models, which led to the hypothesis that combining bevacizumab with dasatinib could increase bevacizumab efficacy in patients with recurrent GBM.MethodsAfter the completion of the phase 1 component, the phase 2 trial (ClinicalTrials.gov identifier NCT00892177) randomized patients with recurrent GBM 2:1 to receive 100 mg of oral dasatinib twice daily (arm A) or placebo (arm B) on days 1 to 14 of each 14‐day cycle combined with 10 mg/kg of intravenous bevacizumab on day 1 of each 14‐day cycle. The primary endpoint was 6‐month progression‐free survival (PFS6).ResultsIn the 121 evaluable patients, the PFS6 rate was numerically, but not statistically, higher in arm A versus arm B (28.9% [95% CI, 19.5%‐40.0%] vs 18.4% [95% CI, 7.7%‐34.4%]; P = .22). Similarly, there was no significant difference in the median overall survival noted between the treatment arms (7.3 months and 7.7 months, respectively; P = .93). The objective response rate was 15.7% in arm A and 26.3% in arm B (P = .52), but with a significantly longer duration in patients treated on arm A (16.3 months vs 2 months). The incidence of grade ≥3 toxicity was comparable between treatment arms, with hematologic toxicities occurring more frequently in arm A versus arm B (15.7% vs 7.9%) (adverse events were assessed as per the National Cancer Institute Common Terminology Criteria for Adverse Events [version 4.0]). Correlative tissue analysis demonstrated an association between pSRC/LYN signaling in patient tumors and outcome.ConclusionsDespite upregulation of Src signaling in patients with GBM, the combination of bevacizumab with dasatinib did not appear to significantly improve the outcomes of patients with recurrent GBM compared with bevacizumab alone.
Preoperative periodontal treatment and its effects on postoperative infection in cardiac valve surgery
Authors: Suzuki Hitomi , Matsuo Koichiro , Okamoto Mieko , Nakata Haruka , Sakamoto Hitomi , Fujita Mirai 
Published: July 2019

AbstractObjectivesOral infection control is important for patients undergoing cardiac valve replacement (CVR) as prophylaxis for postoperative complications. This study examined the changes in oral health status by preoperative periodontal treatment and its effects on postsurgical complications in CVR patients.Material and methodsWe recruited 64 patients undergoing CVR who received preoperative periodontal treatment at our hospital as the intervention group and retrospectively reviewed the medical records of 38 patients who had undergone CVR surgery without dental intervention as the control group. Oral health status was assessed at the first visit to our dental office, 1 day before surgery, and >7 days after surgery. Days of high fever, antibiotics use, and postoperative hospitalization were recorded for the intervention and control groups for statistical comparisons.ResultsIn the intervention group, oral health status significantly improved from the initial visit to >7 days after surgery. There were significantly fewer days of high fever (>37.5°C) in the intervention group than in the control group, with comparable results for other events.ConclusionsThis study's findings suggest that preoperative periodontal treatment can improve oral health status surrounding CVR surgery and could be the contributor of the reduction in the risk of postoperative infection.
Metabolically healthy obesity increased diabetes incidence in a middle‐aged and elderly Chinese population
Authors: Wei Yue , Wang Jing , Han Xu , Yu Caizheng , Wang Fei , Yuan Jing , Miao Xiaoping , Yao Ping , Wei Sheng , Wang Youjie , Liang Yuan , Zhang Xiaomin , Guo Huan , Zheng Dan , Tang Yuhan , Yang Handong , He Meian 
Published: July 2019

AbstractBackgroundWe examined the association between metabolically healthy obese (MHO) and diabetes incidence in a middle‐aged and elderly population and whether the association differed by the presence of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD).MethodsWe examined 17 801 participants without diabetes at study entry (7980 males and 9821 females with a mean age of 63.2 years) derived from the Dongfeng‐Tongji cohort study (median follow‐up: 4.6 years). Participants were divided into six groups based on BMI (normal weight, overweight, or obese) and metabolic health (healthy/unhealthy) defined by the Adult Treatment Panel III criteria. The MHO was defined as BMI greater than 28.0 kg/m2 with 0 or 1 of four metabolic abnormalities (elevated blood pressure, triglyceridaemia, hyperglycaemia, low HDL cholesterol). The hazard ratio (HR) and 95% confidence interval (CI) for incident diabetes were derived from the Cox proportional hazard regression model.ResultsDuring 79 843 person‐years of follow‐up, 1453 individuals developed diabetes. Compared with metabolically healthy normal weight (MH‐NW) individuals, the multivariable‐adjusted HRs (95% CI) were 1.74 (1.16‐2.59) for MHO and 2.15 (1.65‐2.81) for metabolically unhealthy obese subjects after adjusting for age, sex, smoking, alcohol drinking, physical activity, fruit and vegetable consumption, family history of diabetes, fasting glucose, waist circumference, and NAFLD. Among those without NAFLD, MHO individuals showed higher incidence of diabetes (multivariate‐adjusted HR = 2.71, 95% CI: 1.47‐5.00) than MH‐NW individuals.ConclusionsThe MHO phenotype was associated with increased incidence of diabetes in a middle‐aged and elderly population, and the association did not differ by the presence or absence of NAFLD.
Perception of phasic pain is modulated by smell and taste
Authors: Riello Marianna , Cecchini Maria Paola , Zanini Alice , Di Chiappari Miguel , Tinazzi Michele , Fiorio Mirta 
Published: July 2019

AbstractBackgroundPain perception is a multimodal experience composed of sensory, emotional and cognitive dimensions. Accumulating evidence suggests that the chemical senses can influence pain perception, but their relation with phasic pain is still unknown. The aim of this study was to investigate the influence of smell and taste having different valence on phasic pain.MethodsTwenty‐eight healthy volunteers received sweet, bitter and neutral odours or gustatory substances while receiving painful stimuli consisting of electrical shocks. Tactile threshold, pain threshold and pain tolerance were collected using the psychophysical method of limits at baseline and in association with smell and taste. Perception of pain intensity and unpleasantness was measured with a numerical rating scale.ResultsSweet smell induced lower ratings of pain intensity than bitter smell when stimuli were delivered at pain threshold. Sweet smell also induced lower ratings of pain unpleasantness than neutral smell when stimuli were delivered at pain tolerance. Sweet taste induced lower ratings of pain unpleasantness than bitter taste when stimuli were delivered at pain threshold. Conversely, pain threshold and pain tolerance per se were not affected by smell and taste.ConclusionsThese findings highlight an effect of sweet substances in reducing the subjective perception of pain intensity and unpleasantness associated to phasic pain.SignificanceBy demonstrating the link between smell, taste and phasic pain this study may have a translational impact in clinical conditions characterized by so‐called shock‐like pain, such as neuropathic pain.
Hydrothermal accumulation under asphalt pavement in cold regions
Authors: Zhang Zhongqiong , Wu Qingbai , Zhang Ze , Luo Lihui 
Published: July 2019

AbstractWater and heat changes are the main problems that plague the stability and service performance of roadbeds in cold regions. Though hydrothermal transfer and accumulation directly affect roadbed properties, these processes remain poorly understood as monitoring data are often collected over short time periods and large spacing in depth. This research compares water and temperature data collected from 2012 to 2015 to elucidate the physical mechanisms of hydrothermal accumulation under both asphalt pavement and original pavement. These thermal and physical mechanisms include differences in the freezing process (FP) and the thawing process (TP), water transport, condensation, and hydrothermal accumulation. For instance, when compared to the underlying layer, the thawing of the surface layer of asphalt pavement was delayed by 35 days because of differences in hydrothermal properties. During TP, liquid water content changes from 3.31%‐13.2% to 15%‐37.67%, and the unfrozen water content of the soil layers under the asphalt pavement was approximately 6.85%‐12.34% higher than that of the soil layers under the original pavement. A layer with high water content and heat formed under the surface layer of asphalt pavement and provided the appropriate conditions for vapor transport and condensation. Soil layers thawed early in the preceding year, and this hydrothermal accumulation occurred on an annual basis. The annual minimum monthly average temperature was thus found to be increasing at the rate of 0.34°C/y. As water content also accounts for heat accumulation and was found to be more sensitive to change than temperature, the results of this study can provide theoretical and technical data useful for highway construction and design in permafrost regions.
Occurrence, Distribution, and Ecological Risk of Fluoroquinolones in Rivers and Wastewaters
Authors: Teglia Carla M. , Perez Florencia A. , Michlig Nicolás , Repetti María R. , Goicoechea Héctor C. , Culzoni María J. 
Published: July 2019

Abstract
The use of fluoroquinolones for the treatment of infections in humans and animals has increased in Argentina, and they can be found in large amounts in water bodies. The present study investigated the occurrence and associated ecological risk of 5 fluoroquinolones in rivers and farm wastewaters of San Luis, Santa Fe, Córdoba, Entre Ríos, and Buenos Aires provinces of Argentina by high-performance liquid chromatography coupled to fast-scanning fluorescence detection and ultra–high-performance liquid chromatography coupled to triple quadrupole mass spectrometry detection. The maximum concentrations of ciprofloxacin, enrofloxacin, ofloxacin, enoxacin, and difloxacin found in wastewater were 1.14, 11.9, 1.78, 22.1, and 14.2 μg L–1, respectively. In the case of river samples, only enrofloxacin was found, at a concentration of 0.97 μg L–1. The individual risk of aquatic organisms associated with water pollution due to fluoroquinolones was higher in bacteria, cyanobacteria, algae, plants, and anurans than in crustaceae and fish, with, in some cases, risk quotients &gt;1. The proportion of samples classified as high risk was 87.5% for ofloxacin, 63.5% for enrofloxacin, 57.1% for ciprofloxacin, and 25% for enoxacin. Our results suggest that the prevalence of fluoroquinolones in water could be potentially risky for the aquatic ecosystem, and harmful to biodiversity. Environ Toxicol Chem 2019;38:2305–2313. © 2019 SETAC.
Real‐time monitoring and estimation of the discharge of flash floods in a steep mountain catchment
Authors: Zhang Guotao , Cui Peng , Yin Yanzhou , Liu Dingzhu , Jin Wen , Wang Hao , Yan Yan , Ahmed Bazai Nazir , Wang Jiao 
Published: July 2019

AbstractSynchronously and accurately estimating the flood discharges and dynamic changes in the fluid density is essential for hydraulic analysis and forecasting of flash floods, as well as for risk assessment. However, such information is rare for steep mountain catchments, especially in regions that are hotspots for earthquakes. Therefore, six hydrological monitoring sites were established in the main stream and tributaries of the 78.3‐km2 Longxi River catchment, an affected region of the Wenchuan earthquake region in China. Direct real‐time monitoring equipment was installed to measure the flow depths, velocities, and fluid total pressures of the flood hydrographs. On the basis of field measurements, real‐time mean cross‐sectional velocities during the flood hydrographs could be derived from easily obtainable parameters: cross‐sectional maximum velocities and the calibrated dimensionless parameter Kh. Real‐time discharges were determined on the basis of a noncontact method to establish the effective rating curves of this mountainous stream, ranging from 1.46 to 386.34 m3/s with the root mean square errors of ≤10.22 m3/s. Compared with the traditional point‐velocity method and empirical Manning's formula, the proposed noncontact method was reliable and safe for monitoring whole flood hydrographs. Additionally, the real‐time fluid density during the flood hydrographs was calculated on the basis of the direct monitoring parameters for fluid total pressures and water depths. During the flood hydrograph, transient flow behaviour with higher fluid density generally occurred downstream during the flood peak periods when the flow was in the supercritical flow regime. The observed behaviour greatly increased the threat of damage to infrastructure and human life near the river. Thus, it is important to accurately estimate flood discharge and identify for fluid densities so that people at risk from an impending flash flood are given reliable, advanced warning.
The role of high‐density lipoproteins in antitumor drug delivery
Authors: Sarhadi Susan , Ganjali Shiva , Pirro Matteo , Sahebkar Amirhossein 
Published: July 2019

AbstractHigh‐density lipoproteins (HDLs) are the smallest lipoprotein with the highest level of protein in their surface. The main role of HDLs are reverse transport of cholesterol from peripheral tissues to the liver. More recently, HDLs have been considered as a new drug delivery system because of their small size, proper surface properties, long circulation time, biocompatibility, biodegradability, and low immune stimulation. Delivery of anticancer drug to the tumor tissue is a major obstacle against successful chemotherapy, which is because of the toxicity and poor aqueous solubility of these drugs. Loading chemotherapeutic drugs in the lipid core of HDLs can overcome the aforementioned problems and increase the efficiency of drug delivery. In this review, we discuss the use of HDLs particles in drug delivery to the tumor tissue and explain some barriers and limitations that exist in the use of HDLs as an ideal delivery vehicle.
Cardiopulmonary dysfunction in perinatally HIV‐infected South African adolescents on antiretroviral therapy: baseline findings from the Cape Town Adolescent Antiretroviral Cohort
Authors: Githinji Leah N , Mahtab Sana , Zühlke Liesl , Lawrenson John , Myer Landon , Gray Diane , Zar Heather 
Published: July 2019

AbstractIntroductionAntiretroviral therapy (ART) has reduced morbidity and mortality in sub‐Saharan Africa, but the burden of coexistent cardiopulmonary disease in perinatally HIV‐positive adolescents on antiretroviral therapy (ART) has not been well described. The aim of this study was to investigate the prevalence and associations of cardiopulmonary dysfunction in adolescents with perinatally acquired HIV on ART.MethodsFor this cross‐sectional analysis, 515 perinatally HIV‐positive adolescents ages 9 to 14 years on ART for at least six months, and a comparator group of 110 age‐matched HIV‐uninfected adolescents were tested between August 2013 and April 2015 using echocardiography, six‐minute walk test (6MWT) and spirometry. Those with either abnormal spirometry or abnormal 6MWT and any right or left systolic or diastolic dysfunction or abnormal mean pulmonary arterial pressure were considered as having impaired cardiopulmonary function. Logistic regression was used to investigate determinants of impaired cardiopulmonary function.ResultsOverall, 474 adolescents with perinatally acquired HIV (mean [SD] age, 12 [1.6] years; median [IQR] ART duration, 7 [4.6 to 9.3] years; median [IQR] CD4 count, 712 [571 to 959] cell/mm3) and 109 HIV‐uninfected adolescents mean (SD) age 11.8 (1.8) years, had successful cardiac and lung function testing. Impaired cardiopulmonary function was detected in 13% of adolescents with perinatally acquired HIV and 8% of HIV‐uninfected adolescents, p = 0.136. Among adolescents with perinatally acquired HIV, those with low tricuspid annular plane systolic excursion (TAPSE) had significantly lower mean FEV1, 1.5 L versus 1.6 L, p = 0.011. Height (OR 0.7, 95%CI 0.5 to 0.9), body mass index (OR 0.7, 95%CI 0.5 to 0.9) and past pulmonary tuberculosis (OR 2.3, 95%CI 1.2 to 4.4) were significantly associated with a low cardiopulmonary function.ConclusionsDespite being on ART, cardiopulmonary dysfunction occurs in an appreciable proportion of perinatally HIV‐infected adolescents but no significant difference to uninfected controls. This finding requires further exploration. Factors associated with dysfunction may be amenable to public health interventions to reduce cardiopulmonary disease in this population.
Understanding knowledge hiding in organizations
Authors: Connelly Catherine E. , Černe Matej , Dysvik Anders , Škerlavaj Miha 
Published: July 2019

SummaryIn our introduction to this special issue on understanding knowledge hiding in organizations, we provide some context to how and why this phenomenon should be studied. We then describe the five articles that comprise the special issue, and we note some common themes and divergences in this collection. Our introduction concludes with some suggestions for future research on knowledge hiding in organizations.
Using a Collaborative Model in Supervision With International Counseling Students
Authors: LAU JARED , SU YI‐WEN , CHEN CHING‐CHEN , DAI CHIA‐LIANG 
Published: July 2019

AbstractThis article addresses the supervisory needs of international counseling students and provides recommendations for supervision through a collaborative supervision model. Collaborative supervision promotes a sharing emphasis on the roles of language, conversation, self, and stories, whereby both supervisee and supervisor develop a relationship that invites jointly creating knowledge.
Characteristics of Polypeptide/Phospholipid Monolayers on Water and the Plasma‐Activated Polyetheretherketone Support
Authors: Przykaza Kacper , Woźniak Klaudia , Jurak Małgorzata , Wiącek Agnieszka Ewa 
Published: July 2019

AbstractPolyetheretherketone (PEEK) is a highly biocompatible polymer widely used in medicine as an implant production material. In this article, the PEEK surface was characterized in terms of its wettabillity properties after the physicochemical modifications by treatment with the low‐temperature air plasma and covering with the Langmuir–Blodgett (LB) monolayers of polypeptide (cyclosporine A, CsA) and/or phospholipid (1,2‐dipalmitoyl‐sn‐glycero‐3‐phosphocholine, DPPC). The LB deposition was preceded by the analysis of miscibility and morphology of monolayers at the air/water interface by means of the Langmuir technique and Brewster angle microscopy (BAM). Then, wettability of the polymer‐supported films was evaluated by the contact angle measurements of three probe liquids of different characters (two polar—water and formamide, one apolar—diiodomethane). The measured contact angles allowed for determination of the surface free energy and its components based on the Lifshitz‐van der Waals/acid–base (LWAB) approach. Some relations between the kind and magnitude of interactions within the model membranes on the water subphase and those of the PEEK‐supported membranes with the liquids were found out. The results allowed obtaining the interesting models of biological coatings with potential applications.