bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Infantile-Onset Paroxysmal Movement Disorder and Episodic Ataxia Associated with a TBC1D24 Mutation
Authors: Zimmern Vincent , Riant Florence , Roze Emmanuel , Ranza Emmanuelle , Lehmann-Horn Frank , de Bellescize Julitta , Ville Dorothée , Lesca Gaetan , Korff Christian M. 
Published: June 2019

AbstractMutations that disrupt the TBC1D24 presynaptic protein have been implicated in various neurological disorders including epilepsy, chronic encephalopathy, DOORS (deafness, onychodystrophy, osteodystrophy, mental retardation, and seizures) syndrome, nonsyndromic hearing loss, and myoclonus. We present the case of a 22-month-old male with infantile-onset paroxysmal episodes of facial and limb myoclonus. The episodes were linked to biallelic variants in exon 2 of the TBC1D24 gene that lead to amino acid changes (c.304C >T/p.Pro102Ser and c.410T > C/p.Val137Ala), each variant being inherited from a parent. Follow-up imaging in adolescence revealed widened right cerebellar sulci. We discuss the evolving landscape of TBC1D24 associated phenotypes; this case adds to a growing body of evidence linking this gene to movement disorders in children.
The Contribution of B Cells in Autoimmune Liver Diseases
Authors: Taylor Sarah A. , Assis David N. , Mack Cara L. 
Published: June 2019

AbstractAutoreactive B cells can promote autoimmunity through antigen presentation to autoreactive T cells, production of autoantibodies, generation of cytokines promoting T cell activation and differentiation, and inhibition of regulatory T cells and B cells. Here, the authors highlight studies pertaining to B cell mechanisms associated with disease pathogenesis and outcomes in autoimmune hepatitis and the immune-mediated cholangiopathies (primary biliary cholangitis, primary sclerosing cholangitis, and biliary atresia). The vast majority of investigations focus on autoantibodies and future research endeavors should include deciphering the role of the B cell in T cell activation (through antigen presentation, cytokine/chemokine production, and inhibition of regulation). Targeting B cell mechanisms in the treatment of autoimmune liver diseases is also highlighted.
A Classification for the Anterior Inferior Cerebellar Artery—Subarcuate Artery Complex Based on the Embryological Development
Authors: Rasmussen Jorge , Plou Pedro , Campero Álvaro , Ajler Pablo 
Published: June 2019

Objective To hierarchize the anterior inferior cerebellar artery (AICA)–subarcuate artery (SAA) complex's variations in the surgical field.
Background The AICA's “subarcuate loop” (SL) presents multiple variations, closely related to the SAA. AICA-SAA complex's variations may represent major issues in cerebellopontine angle (CPA) surgery. As the spectrum of configurations is originated during the development, a systematized classification was proposed based on the interaction between the petrosal bone and the AICA in the embryonic period.
Methods The variations were defined as follow: Grade 0: free, purely cisternal AICA, unidentifiable or absent SAA; Grade 1: purely cisternal AICA, loose SL, SAA > 3 mm; Grade 2: AICA near the subarcuate fossa, pronounced SL, SAA <3 mm; Grade 3: “duralized” AICA, unidentifiable SAA, or included in the petromastoid canal (PMC); and Grade 4: intraosseous AICA, unidentifiable SAA, or included in the PMC. The classification was applied to a series of patients assessed by magnetic resonance constructive interference in steady state sequence. Surgical examples were also provided.
Results Eighty-four patients were evaluated, including 161 CPA. The proportions found in the gradation remained within the range of previous publications (Grade 0: 42.2%; Grade 1: 11.2%; Grade 2: 35.4%; Grade 3: 10.6%; and Grade 4: 0.6%). Moreover, the degrees of the classification were related to the complexity of the anatomical relationships and, therefore, to the difficulty of the maneuvers required to overcome them.
Conclusion The proposed AICA-SAA complex classification allowed to distinguish and objectify pre- and intraoperatively the spectrum of variations, to thoroughly plan the required actions and instrumentation.
Efficacy and Side Effects of Topical Applications of Two Different Solutions in the Treatment of Molluscum Contagiosum in a City in Africa: An Open, Randomized, Comparative Clinical Trial
Authors: Kibar Ozturk Melike 
Published: June 2019

AbstractMolluscum contagiosum (MC) is one of the most common viral infections in African children. However, there is no work investigating the treatment of MC in dark skinned children in Africa. In this study, we aimed to compare efficacy and side effects of topical application of 10% potassium hydroxide (KOH) and 16.7% salicylic acid (SAL) and lactic acid (LAC) combination in the treatment of MC in Sudan, Africa. This is a prospective, randomized, and comparative study. The inclusion criterion was the presence of at least 10 lesions. The exclusion criteria were the use of any topical MC treatment during the last 2 weeks, immunosuppression, periorbital and perioral involvement, the history of hypersensitivity to any kind of keratolytics, and the presence of concomitant bacterial skin infections. The main efficacy outcome was the complete remission or partial remission. Three visits were performed: baseline visit (diagnosis, randomization, and therapy initiation), visit 1 for follow-up (at 15–30 days after initiation of therapy and for study end), and visit 2 for postclearing assessment (at 60th day after the initiation of therapy). Chi-squared (χ2) test was used. All patients (n = 101) participating completed the 60 days of follow-up period. Post 60 days of treatment, the rates of complete resolution in 55 patients treated with 10% KOH solution and 47 patients treated with 16.7% SAL + LAC combination solution were 87.0 and 85.1% (p > 0.05), respectively. The rates of partial resolution in the group treated with KOH solution and in patients treated with SAL + LAC combination solution were 12.9% and 14.8% (p > 0.05), respectively. Major side effects in KOH group were burning sensation or stinging during application (48.1%, p = 0.0009) and hypopigmentation (38.8%, p = 0.007) while it was desquamation (23.4%, p > 0.05) in the SAL + LAC combination group. Results indicate both 10% KOH solution and SAL + LAC combination solution showed good efficacy in the treatment of MC in African children. Neither 10% KOH nor the SAL + LAC combination solution was found superior to other in the treatment, while the latter was noted to have fewer side effects. Permanent hypopigmentation is an important and undesired side effect of 10% KOH treatment.
Deep learning enables high-quality and high-throughput prediction of enzyme commission numbers
Authors: Ryu Jae Yong , Kim Hyun Uk , Lee Sang Yup 
Published: June 2019

Significance
Identification of enzyme commission (EC) numbers is essential for accurately understanding enzyme functions. Although several EC number prediction tools are available, they have room for further improvement with respect to computation time, precision, coverage, and the total size of the files needed for EC number prediction. Here, we present DeepEC, a deep learning-based computational framework that predicts EC numbers with high precision in a high-throughput manner. DeepEC shows much improved prediction performance when compared with the 5 representative EC number prediction tools that are currently available. DeepEC will be useful in studying enzyme functions by implementing them independently or as part of a third-party software program.
Real-time intrafraction motion monitoring in external beam radiotherapy
Authors: Bertholet Jenny , Knopf Antje , Eiben Björn , McClelland Jamie , Grimwood Alexander , Harris Emma , Menten Martin , Poulsen Per , Nguyen Doan Trang , Keall Paul , Oelfke Uwe 
Published: June 2019

Abstract
Radiotherapy (RT) aims to deliver a spatially conformal dose of radiation to tumours while maximizing the dose sparing to healthy tissues. However, the internal patient anatomy is constantly moving due to respiratory, cardiac, gastrointestinal and urinary activity. The long term goal of the RT community to ‘see what we treat, as we treat’ and to act on this information instantaneously has resulted in rapid technological innovation. Specialized treatment machines, such as robotic or gimbal-steered linear accelerators (linac) with in-room imaging suites, have been developed specifically for real-time treatment adaptation. Additional equipment, such as stereoscopic kilovoltage (kV) imaging, ultrasound transducers and electromagnetic transponders, has been developed for intrafraction motion monitoring on conventional linacs. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) has been integrated with cobalt treatment units and more recently with linacs. In addition to hardware innovation, software development has played a substantial role in the development of motion monitoring methods based on respiratory motion surrogates and planar kV or Megavoltage (MV) imaging that is available on standard equipped linacs.
In this paper, we review and compare the different intrafraction motion monitoring methods proposed in the literature and demonstrated in real-time on clinical data as well as their possible future developments. We then discuss general considerations on validation and quality assurance for clinical implementation.
Besides photon RT, particle therapy is increasingly used to treat moving targets. However, transferring motion monitoring technologies from linacs to particle beam lines presents substantial challenges. Lessons learned from the implementation of real-time intrafraction monitoring for photon RT will be used as a basis to discuss the implementation of these methods for particle RT.
Spin–orbit proximity effect in graphene on metallic substrates: decoration versus intercalation with metal adatoms
Authors: Sławińska Jagoda , Cerdá Jorge I 
Published: June 2019

Abstract
The so-called spin–orbit proximity effect experimentally realized in graphene (G) on several different heavy metal surfaces opens a new perspective to engineer the spin–orbit coupling for new generation spintronics devices. Here, via large-scale density functional theory calculations performed for two distinct graphene/metal models, G/Pt(111) and G/Au/Ni(111), we show that the spin–orbit splitting of the Dirac cones (DCs) in these structures might be enhanced by either adsorption of adatoms on top of graphene (decoration) or between the graphene and the metal (intercalation). While the decoration by inducing strong graphene-adatom interaction suppresses the linearity of the G’s π bands, the intercalated structures reveal a weaker adatom-mediated graphene/substrate hybridization which preserves well-defined although broadened DCs. Remarkably, the intercalated G/Pt(111) structure exhibits splittings considerably larger than the defect-free case.
Formation of antihydrogen beams from positron–antiproton interactions
Authors: Jonsell S , Charlton M 
Published: June 2019

Abstract
The formation of a beam of antihydrogen atoms when antiprotons pass through cold, dense positron plasmas is simulated for various plasma properties and antiproton injection energies. There are marked dependences of the fraction of injected antiprotons which are emitted as antihydrogen in a beam-like configuration upon the temperature of the positrons, and upon the antiproton kinetic energy. Yields as high as 13% are found at the lowest positron temperatures simulated here (5 K) and at antiproton kinetic energies below about 0.1 eV. By 1 eV the best yields are as low as 10−3, falling by about two orders of magnitude with an increase of the positron temperature to 50 K. Example distributions for the antihydrogen angular emission, binding energy and kinetic energy are presented and discussed. Comparison is made with experimental information, where possible.
A simple equation to study changes in rainfall statistics
Authors: Benestad Rasmus E , Parding Kajsa M , Erlandsen Helene B , Mezghani Abdelkader 
Published: June 2019

Abstract
We test an equation for the probability of heavy 24 h precipitation amounts Pr(X > x) as a function of the wet-day frequency and the wet-day mean precipitation. The expression was evaluated against 9817 daily rain gauge records world-wide and was subsequently used to derive mathematical expressions for different rainfall statistics in terms of the wet-day frequency and the wet-day mean precipitation. This framework comprised expressions for probabilities, mean, variance, and return-values. We differentiated these statistics with respect to time and compared them to trends in number of rainy days and the mean rainfall intensity based on 1875 rain gauge records with more than 50 years of valid data over the period 1961–2018. The results indicate that there has been a general increase in the probability of precipitation exceeding 50 mm/day. The main cause for this increase has been a boost in the intensity of the rain, but there were also some cases where it has been due to more rainy days. In some limited regions there has also been an increase in Pr(X > 50 mm/day) that coincided with a decrease in the number of rainy days. We also found a general increasing trend in the variance and the 10-year return-value over 1961–2018 due to increasing wet-day frequency and wet-day mean precipitation.
Investigation of the Sorbing Properties of the Dahurian Larch Bark in its Interaction with Petroleum Products
Authors: Zhebsain V V , Popov V I , Zhebsaina S M , Nikiphorova A A , Nikolaev M S 
Published: June 2019

Abstract
As is known, pollution of the environment by oil products leads to the gravest consequences, the elimination of which is expencive for mankind. Thereby intensive researches of effective methods of liquidation of oil pollution are conducted now. Sorbents on a plant basis favorably differ by their ecological compatibility, availability and cheap material. In the present work, the problems of the development of a sorbent on the basis of modification of the bark of Dahurian larch, which grows mainly in Eastern Siberia and the Far East, in particular in the Republic of Sakha (Yakutia) are considered. The results of experimental measurements of the sorption capacity of the modified bark of the Daurian larch are presented.
Studying the Moisture Capacity of Artificial Soils Containing Industrial Byproducts
Authors: Smolenskaya L M , Rybina S Yu , Pendyurin E A 
Published: June 2019

Abstract
Artificial soils based on sand and clay contain multiple byproducts such as defecation precipitate and byproduct of wet magnetic separation (WMS). The organic portion is the sediment from the sludge lagoons of the pig farm.
We have studied the moisture retention capacity of artificial soils. The moisture capacity is mainly contributed to by clay (28 mg/g), defecation precipitate (20 mg/g), and the sludge-lagoon sediments (30 mg/g).
Specific surface area of artificial soils lies within a range of 50 to m2/g, which is close to ordinary chernozem soils.
The obtained artificial-soil compositions can be used for land reclamation as an alternative substrate of natural soil.
Design and Preliminary Calculation of the Accuracy of Special Geodetic and Mine Surveying Networks
Authors: Sholomitskii A , Lagutina E 
Published: June 2019

Abstract
The article deals with issues of creation of high precision mine surveying networks. They can be used for the building and equipment installation. Also there is a method of joint adjustment of satellite, geodetic and mine surveying measurements.. To solve this problem, we propose a mathematical apparatus for converting measurements into a local rectangular coordinate system. The joint system of linear equations of satellite and geodetic measurements is solved by the method of least squares by the method of conjugate gradients in a special software package. The complex has the ability to strictly precomputation the accuracy of mixed networks, taking into account all the geometric conditions that arise in the network. The articles shows the design technique of mine surveying base network for cable-belt conveyor, its precision estimation depending on methods and equipments for geodetic measurements.
Experimental Studies of Soil Frost Heaving Pressure Development in Confined Space
Authors: Kim V , Kim M , Kim M 
Published: June 2019

Abstract
This article describes the results of experimental studies of the frost heaving pressure development at the soil freezing in confined space. Studies devoted to the investigation of heaving soil influence on the structures acquire special significance at present due to the intensive development of the North and North-East regions of Russia. The conducted researches made it possible to reveal the features of the development of frost heaving pressure of clay and sandy soils under one-sided and uniform freezing in confined space, depending on the degree of their water saturation, temperature regime and possible deformations. It was revealed that in sandy soils the formation of the frost heaving pressure is caused by the freezing of free (gravitational) water and can be determined by the Bridgman-Tammann formula. In clay soils, the development of frost heaving pressure is associated with the freezing of loosely-bound (film) water and can be determined by the method proposed by the authors both in the absence and in the presence of heaving volumetric deformation.
The Hierarchy of Development of Geodynamic Processes of the Earth’s Crust During the Development of Kuzbass Deposits
Authors: Solovitskiy A N 
Published: June 2019

Abstract
It is established that the acquisition of new knowledge about the development of geodynamic processes of the earth’s crust and expansion of their application in the development of subsurface resources is possible on the basis of interpretation of geodetic data obtained during the registration of its kinematics. At the present time in the traditional technologies of geomechanical support of subsoil development kinematic characteristics are the basic information about these processes. Such characteristics are ambiguous. To overcome this ambiguity, the author proposes dynamic parameters of the crustal block, which are used as the basis for the theory of hierarchy of the geodynamic processes of the Earth’s crust, which provides the determination of both the time deformations (strains) of the crustal blocks, the potential energy and its density, and the types of geodynamic of the situation.
Medium-Term Prediction of Sakhalin’s Dangerous Seismic Events in the LURR and SRP Models
Authors: Zakupin A S 
Published: June 2019

AbstractThis paper is devoted to the two methods of strong earthquakes prediction based on the analysis of seismic catalogues. The first method is well-known as LURR (load-unload response ratio) and involve the Coulomb-Mohr’s criteria and basic laws of linear theory of elasticity. Inherently, it allows identify attainment of the deformation process of the phase when medium response to loading can be no longer linear (pre-destruction). The second method so called as SRP has relation to self-organized processes theory. The both methods have proved the effectiveness on the Sakhalin but have used separately. The research is based on Sakhalin seismic catalog (Mw> 2). We have considered retrospectively seismic event near the Cape Krillon in case of combination of two methods.
IT-Based Systematic Monitoring of the Disposal of Associated Petroleum Gas
Authors: Udartseva O V 
Published: June 2019

Abstract
The paper substantiates the necessity of implementing information technology-based systematic monitoring for studying environmental pollutions induced by the flaring of associated petroleum gas. It proposes approaches to creating information software for monitoring using the existing analysis and control technologies that are necessary for finding the correlations between the controlled and uncontrolled factors in the gas-flaring process. We have developed an information software suite for real-time monitoring of environmental pollutions caused by the flaring of associated petroleum gas; using a wireless sensor network, the software can visualize the obtained data. We have experimentally measured the concentrations of nitrogen, hydrocarbon, and carbohydrate compounds in soil at various distances from the emission source. There has been established a strong correlation between the flaring process parameters and the emission concentrations. The paper proposes mechanisms for using this software in the analysis of the environmental safety of territories.
Exploration Testing Network Optimization at the Operational Stage of Coal mining
Authors: Kuznetsov P Yu , Grib N N , Zhelyabina A G 
Published: June 2019

Abstract
In the article the problem of the quantitative estimation of coal deposit efficient detailed prospecting and a way of its decision which is based on the three sequential problems solving is considered. The quantitative assessment of performance itself is verified on sufficiency of the studies carried out by well-drilling. The sufficiency condition is determined by comparing the existing testing density with the predictive optimal one. The forecast of the optimum density of the testing network is based on the use of summarized relative entropy value, as measures of homogeneous significant mineable coal seams and also regulations acting on the territory of the Russian Federation. The application of the technique proposed in this article is considered on the sample of the Site No. 1 of the Elga Coal Deposit. The forecast of the optimal testing density, which makes it possible to increase the efficiency of acceptable design operational decisions for this deposit field was performed for following parameters of coal quality as raw-coal ash, thickness of the plastic layer, devolatilization and moisture of analysis sample. Due to the evaluation findings of the efficient detailed prospecting at Site No. 1 of the Elga Deposit it was determined that the existing network of exploration wells in the southern part of the site should be partially condensed.
Torque Reduction while Drilling With Casing
Authors: Khuzina L B , Fazlieva R I , Gimaztdinova E A 
Published: June 2019

Abstract
Currently, we have been witnessing the increasing number of problems in drilling caused by certain challenges in drilling through depleted reservoirs, complicated geological settings, and fast-growing technology of extended reach drilling. One of the methods used to solve the problems is casing-while-drilling. The authors have been studying the difficulties occurring while using this method with a special focus on the issue of torque increase while rotating a casing string at an excessive speed. The paper presents calculations of the torque taking into account the friction coefficient. As an effective solution to reduce the torque a new centralizer has been designed in the laboratory of the Department of Oil and Gas Well Drilling of Almetyevsk State Oil Institute. While performing casing drilling operations a new centralizer with roller balls attached makes it possible for rolling friction to be replaced with sliding friction and, thus, prevent thread stripping.