bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Hepatic Arterial Infusion Chemotherapy in Gastric Cancer: A Report of Four Cases and Analysis of the Literature
Authors: Melichar Bohuslav , Vobošil Zbyněk , Cerman Jaroslav , Melicharová Karolina , Nožička Jan , Mergancová Jindšiška , Vobošil René , Jandík Pavel 
Published: April 2018

Aims and background Gastric cancer is associated with high mortality. Although the liver is a common site of metastases in this tumor, the experience with liver-directed therapies is limited. Methods We report a single-center experience involving four patients with liver metastases from gastric cancer treated by hepatic arterial infusion (HAI). In addition, we performed a search for reports on HAI in gastric cancer metastatic to the liver and used the studies with data on survival of individual patients for a pooled analysis. Results Among three valuable patients, one had a complete response, one had stable disease and one had progressive disease. The patient with complete response is still alive 41 months after the diagnosis of liver metastases, while the other patients died 6, 22 and 31 months after the diagnosis. Objective responses were observed in 48% of the 25 patients in the pooled analysis. Objective response and limited hepatic involvement were independent predictors of survival in these patients. Conclusions Although isolated liver involvement in metastatic gastric cancer is rare, HAI seems to be similarly effective in these patients as in patients with liver metastases from colorectal cancer. The prognosis is significantly better in gastric cancer patients who have limited hepatic involvement and attain an objective response after HAI.
Concurrent 5-Fluorouracil, Mitomycin C and Radiation, with or without Brachytherapy, in Recurrent Endometrial Cancer: A Scoring System to Predict Clinical Response and Outcome
Authors: Smaniotto Daniela , D'Agostino Giuseppe , Luzi Stefano , Valentini Vincenzo , Macchia Gabriella , Mangiacotti Maria Grazia , Margariti Pasquale Alessandro , Ferrandina Gabriella , Scambia Giovanni 
Published: April 2018

Aims and background This prospective, phase II study aimed to test the efficacy of concurrent 5-fluorouracil, mitomycin C and radiation, with or without brachytherapy, on the clinical outcome of a series of recurrent endometrial cancer patients and to determine the prognostic impact of a subset of factors. Methods Thirty patients with locally recurrent, nonmetastatic endometrial cancer received external beam radiation (4-week split course: 23.4 + 23.4 Gy) plus two courses of concomitant chemotherapy (5-fluorouracil, 96-h continous infusion, days 1-4; 1 g/m2/day; mitomycin C, 10 mg/m2, bolus iv, day 1). Nineteen patients (63.3%) underwent endocavitary, low-dose brachytherapy boost (20-25 Gy); eight patients (26.7%) received external beam radiation boost (14-20 Gy). Results Eleven complete responses (36.7%), 11 partial responses (36.7%), 6 disease stabilizations (20.0%) and 2 progressions (6.6%) were observed. After a median follow-up of 27 months (range, 1-108), overall actuarial 3-year survival, progression-free survival and local progression-free survival were 46.8%, 35.2% and 41.2%, respectively. Two patients (6.7%) experienced hematological grade 3 toxicity. Two patients (6.7%) had grade 3 intestinal toxicity. Severe late toxicity was infrequent, only 3 patients showing severe vaginal stenosis (10.0%). A clinical score of 0 to 1 was assigned to each patient on the basis of the absence (score = 0) or presence (score = 1) of any of the following prognostic factors: time between surgery and recurrence shorter than 12 months, pelvic wall site of recurrence, positive lymph nodes, hemoglobin <11 g/dL. With this device, it was clear that patients with a low score had a significantly better outcome (clinical remission: 77.2% of patients with a score <2 vs 25.0% of patients with a score ≥2, P = 0.009), better local control of the disease (50.2% vs. 0 at 3 years, P = 0.014,) and better overall survival (65.8% vs 0 at 3 years, P = 0.003). Conclusions Our data suggest that this combined modality therapy was relatively well tolerated and resulted in reasonable local control and survival. The scoring system proved to be helpful in identifying patients with the best chance of benefiting from the treatment.
A Modified Prognostic Score for Patients with Curatively Resected Gastric Cancer
Authors: Mariani Luigi , Miceli Rosalba , Lusa Lara , Di Bartolomeo Maria , Bozzetti Federico 
Published: April 2018

Aims and background Gastric cancer is the second leading cause of cancer death worldwide; the risk of dying depends on several patient and disease characteristics. An existing prognostic score predicts survival in gastric cancer patients undergoing curative resection based on patient age, tumor site, extent of wall invasion and nodal status, categorized as simply as negative or positive. Methods Our aim was to modify the original prognostic score by incorporating information on nodal stage according to the latest TNM classification (number of involved nodes), based on a retrospective series of 610 chemotherapy-naïve gastric cancer patients recruited to a surgical clinical trial. We then tested the modified score on an independent series of 136 gastric cancer patients. Results Nodal stage added significant prognostic information to the nodal status classification (P <0.001), and was therefore included in the modified score. With the latter, we were able to identify three risk groups with overall five-year survival varying from more than 70% to less than 30%. The prognostic performance of the modified score was better than that achieved with the AJCC-UICC TNM staging. Conclusions The modified score, based on established prognostic factors, is proposed as a simple tool for prognostic grouping of gastric cancer patients undergoing curative surgery.
Multiple-target Chemotherapy (Lv-modulated 5-FU Bolus and Continuous Infusion, Oxaliplatin, CPT-11) in Advanced 5-Fu-refractory Colorectal Cancer: Mtd Definition and Efficacy Evaluation. A Phase I-II Study
Authors: Bonetti Andrea , Zaninelli Marta , Durante Emilia , Fraccon Anna Paola , Franceschi Tiziano , Pasini Felice , Zustovich Fable , Brienza Silvano 
Published: April 2018

Aims and Background To identify the maximum tolerated doses and to define the activity of a regimen incorporating leucovorin (LV)-modulated 5-fluorouracil (5-FU) bolus and continuous infusion, oxaliplatin (I-OHP) and irinotecan (CPT-11) in patients with advanced, 5-FU-refractory colorectal cancer (CRC). Patients and Methods Starting doses: LV 100 mg/m2 as a 2-hour infusion followed by 5-FU 300 mg/m2 bolus administration followed by 5-FU 500 mg/m2 as a 22-hour infusion on days 1 and 2; I-OHP 65 mg/m2 as a 2-hour infusion concomitantly with LV on day 1; CPT-11 90 mg/m2 concomitantly with LV on day 2. Planned cycle interval: 2 weeks. Results Two hundred twenty-six cycles were administered to 27 patients. Recommended doses were 5-FU bolus 300 mg/m2, 5-FU protracted infusion 500 mg/m2, l-OHP 75 mg/m2, and CPT-11 150 mg/m2. Among 25 patients evaluable for response we observed 13 disease stabilizations (52%; 95% CI: 33-71%), 6 instances of disease progression and 6 responses (24%; 95% CI: 7-41%). Median time to progression and overall survival were 24 and 60 weeks, respectively. A cycle delay >3 days was observed in 134/199 cycles (67%). Conclusions This study confirms the feasibility of triplet chemotherapy in patients with advanced 5-FU-refractory CRC.
Selected Hypoxic Stop-flow Perfusions: Indication and Limits
Authors: Guadagni Stefano , Kanavos Evangelos , Schietroma Mario , Fiorentini Giammaria , Amicucci Gianfranco 
Published: April 2018

Aims and Background The treatment of unresectable cancers is still one of the main medical challenges. Stop-flow perfusion has been used as locoregional chemotherapy based on blood supply blockage of the tumor-bearing area. The aim of the present paper is to report our personal experience in the clinical use of hypoxic stop-flow perfusion and discuss future prospects for research. Methods and Study Design Since December 1997 more than 500 stop-flow perfusions have been performed at the University of L'Aquila. Hypoxic perfusion was adopted for the following indications: recurrent rectal cancer, advanced pancreatic cancer, recurrent pelvic and limb melanoma, and recurrent limb melanoma. Results For recurrent rectal cancer median survival was 12.2 months, for advanced pancreatic cancer 9.6 months, for recurrent pelvic and limb melanoma 34.4 months, and for recurrent limb melanoma 23.8 months. Conclusions Based on these encouraging results, stop-flow perfusion should be considered an effective treatment. Future fields of research include tailored chemotherapy and hyperthermia.
Factors Influencing Axillary Node Metastasis in Breast Cancer
Authors: Çetintaş Sibel Kahraman , Kurt Meral , Özkan Lütfi , Engin Kayihan , Gökgöz Şehsuvar , Taşdelen İsmet 
Published: April 2018

Aims and Background The status of the axillary lymph nodes at the time of diagnosis has been accepted as one of the most important prognostic factors for the overall and disease-free survival of patients with breast cancer. The aim of our study was to determine which factors influence axillary node involvement in invasive breast cancer. Methods The data presented here were obtained from 344 patients who were treated for invasive breast cancer at the Department of Radiation Oncology, Uludag University Medical College, Bursa, Turkey. Possible prognostic factors were categorized as patient related and tumor related. The Mann-Whitney U test was used for univariate analysis and logistic regression was used for multivariate analysis. Results In univariate analysis, a familial cancer history (P = 0.0042), age <40 years (P = 0.0276), higher T stage (P <0.0000), nipple involvement (P = 0.0345), skin involvement (P = 0.0270), perineural invasion (P = 0.0231), and lymphatic vessel invasion (P <0.0000) were correlated with increased axillary node involvement. A higher incidence of ≥4 involved lymph nodes was associated with higher T stage (P = 0.0004), nipple involvement (P = 0.0292), presence of an extensive intraductal component (P = 0.0023), skin involvement (P = 0.0008), perineural invasion (P = 0.0523), and lymphatic vessel invasion (P <0.0000) in univariate analysis. In multivariate analysis, age <40 years (P = 0.0454), cancer history within the family (P = 0.0024), higher T stage (P = 0.0339), lymphatic vessel invasion (P = 0.0003), and perineural invasion (P = 0.0408) were found to be independent factors for axillary lymph node positivity. Age <40 years (P = 0.0221), perineural invasion (P = 0.0408), and an extensive intraductal component (P = 0.0132) were associated with an increased incidence of ≥4 involved nodes in the logistic regression analysis. In patients with breast cancer, the incidence of axillary lymph node involvement was independently influenced by age <40 years, presence of cancer history within the family, higher T stage, lymphatic vessel invasion, and perineural invasion. Conclusions In conclusion, absence of familial cancer history, presence of lymphatic vessel invasion, higher T stage, and age below 40 years independently increased the risk of axillary node involvement. Presence of perineural invasion and lymphatic vessel invasion, age below 40, and an extensive intraductal component of more than 25% independently affected the risk of having ≥4 nodes involved. Patients characterized by these factors may be classified into a higher risk group for nodal involvement, but more data are needed to define factors that can help in the decision-making regarding the omission of axillary treatment.
Studio Sulle Mitosi nel Tumore Ascite del Ratto per Somministrazione di Estere Metilico Dell'Acido Trimetilcolchicinico da solo Od Associato a Florizzina
Authors: Resegotti Luigi , von Euler Hans 
Published: April 2018

The mitoses blocking in rat ascite tumours has been studied after administration of different doses of d-tartrate of trimethylcolchicinic acid methyl ester (NCI 1136). The number of mitoses gradually increases until the 7th hour. Then a diminution is observed for the smallest doses, while it is unmodified for the mean doses and increases again for the large and small doses repeated. The association of Florizine prolonges and enhances the mitotic blocking. The modifications induced by NCI 1136 are repaired between the 24th and 72nd hour after injection: the smallest the dose administered, the most precocious the reparation. The capacity of NCI 1136 to prolonge the life of the tumour bearing animal is discussed and its action on mitoses is compared to that obtained with colchicine.
Il Granuloma Lipofagico della Mammella Maschile
Authors: Vitagliano Giovanni 
Published: April 2018

A histological study of nine « lipophagic granuloma » of the male mammary gland is exposed. All inflammatory cells were present, and the trauma is pointed out as responsible for that particular disease. In two out of nine cases, the anti-typhoid fever injection had been carried out many years previously.
Ibernoma: (Lipocitoblastoma Bruno Adenomorfo)
Authors: Genesi Mario 
Published: April 2018

A description is given of a human tumour of the vestigial brown fat tissue, capsulated, with a lobulated microscopical structure. Histologically it is characterized by a rich capillary network conveying the blood to solid lobules composed of cells with cytoplasms partly fatty and vacuolar, partly compact and granular, stainable with hematoxylin. Such tumour developed in the axillary-subclavian region of a 18 years old woman and was identified as « hibernoma »; it is the 18th case reported in the literature. The histological and cytochemical features are exposed in detail. The literature on the subject is surveyed and completed. In accordance to morphological and histogenetic criteria, such tumour is suggested to be named « adenomorphous brown lipocytoblastoma » instead of « hibernoma ».
Studio Dell'azione Anticatalasica « in Vitro » di Estratti di Tumori E di Organi Normali
Authors: Ceriotti G. , Spandrio L. 
Published: April 2018

The question of the « in vivo » inhibition of catalase by tumor extracts (Kochsaft), has been examined. Two experimental tumors, Sarcoma 180 and a spontaneous mammary adenocarcinoma of mouse, several organs of normal and tumor-bearing mice, several human tumors, namely gastric carcinoma and their corresponding mucosa, gastric mucosa of patients with ulcer, were investigated. A comparison between the simple « Kochsaft » and the extracts purified by alcoholic precipitation has also been performed, but showed no essential differences. The inhibition curves given by increasing amounts of tumor extracts lead us to suggest the presence of an activator beside the catalase inhibitor.
La Diagnosi Clinica E La Terapia Della Endometriosi (Evoluzione maligna dell'Endometriosi)
Authors: Grattarola Renzo 
Published: April 2018

43 cases of endometriosis, hystologically confirmed have been studied. Locations and symptoms of end.osis are here examined. It is observed the frequency of irregulary of bloody spotting in interna end.osis (adenomiosis). The use of androgen-therapy is advised to confirm the diagnosis and frequently to cure the end.osis. The urinary 17-ketosteroids were followed during androgen-therapy and it was observed that their values are descreasing notwithstanding the continued hormonal supplying. Surgical problem of endometriosis are reviewed. One case of malignancy (carcinosarcoma developed on adenomiosis) is presented.
« Influenza Degli Ormoni Sessuali Sulla Crescita Dell'Adenocarcinoma Mammario Spontaneo Del Topo in Vitro »
Authors: Monesi Valerio 
Published: April 2018

Explants from spontaneous mammary adenocarcinoma of C 3 H and IV B mice were treated « in vitro » with oestrone, progesterone and testosterone. The « roller-tubes » technique was used for the observation of the migration area, the « roller-slides » technique for histological preparations and mitotic index calculations, the Carrel flasks for phase contrast microscopical observations. Growth determination was carried out in 15 days old cultures by planimetric measurements of the migration area and calculations of the mitotic index. 1) Cultured tumor cells show a tendency to convert from round into fusiform shape, increasing considerably in size and assuming a more differentiated aspect (Caspersson's « B » cells). The tendency to cytological differentiation is accompanied with a gradual reduction of the proliferation. 2) Oestrone administration enhances considerably the growth (increase of the migration area to more than the 400 per cent) and the tendency to the cyto-histological differentiation of the tumor. The stimulating effect of oestone is exerted only on epithelial elements. 3) Progesterone administration brings about a lower increase of the growth (augment of the migration area of the 308 per cent at a dilution of gr. 1.100-5/cc. and of the 39 per cent at a dilution of gr. 5.10-5/cc.) and of the tendency to cyto-histological differentiation of the tumour. In contrast with what observed for oestrone, the stimulating effect would be manifest also on the stroma. 4) Testosterone administration inhibits strongly the tumour growth of the 66 per cent at a dilution of gr. 1.10-5/cc and of the 29 per cent at a dilution of gr. 5.10-5/cc.) without influencing its differentiation. The stroma seems to be scarcely influenced by hormonal treatment. The inhibiting action of testosterone is accompanied by regressive phenomena of the tumour elements. Results show that the spontaneous adenocarcinoma of mouse maintains « in vitro » the hormono-dependency properties which are characteristic of the normal mammary cell.
Azione Inibente di Alcuni Tioanaloghi Pirimidinici Sulla Moltipicazione di Fibroblasti in Cultura
Authors: Di Marco A. , Necco A. 
Published: April 2018

The behaviour of some pyrimidine thioanalogs has been studied on in vitro fibroblasts from chick embryo heart. 4 out of the 7 tested substances showed a typical inhibiting action on cytodieresis, and namely: 2-thio-5-methyl-cytosine, 2-thio-4-methyl-aminopyrimidine, 2-methyl-thio-5-bromo-cytosine and 2-6-dithio-thymine. Three of them proved to be aspecifically toxic: 2-thiocytosine, 2-thio-4-oxycytosine and 2-6-dithio-uracil. Cytodieresis is inhibited by intermediate concentrations, higher concentrations blocking mitosis of the interkinetic nuclei. This action results in the formation of multinuclear elements with syncytial aspect. Low concentrations induce chromosomal alterations with atypical mitotic pictures (picnosis, fragmentation, stickiness) and alterations of nucleoli which are enlarged and show morphological abnormalities. In the search of possible correlations between mitotic and biochemical alterations during the interkinetic phase, a study has been carried out in order to prove the microbiologic finding of an antagonism from folic acid and thymine. Folic acid was found to be unable to antagonize effectively the action of all the tested inhibitors. Thymine, which at high concentrations behaves as cytodieresis inhibitor, allows the growth recover with increasing number of mitoses; the picture of cytodieresis inhibition is unmodified.
IL Problema Dell'ereditarieta’ Neoplastica Nell'uomo 3° - IL Cancro Dell'utero
Authors: Bucalossi Pietro , Veronesi Umberto , Pandolfi Anna 
Published: April 2018

A statistical study on tumour heredity has been carried out on 251 women (probands) bearing uterus carcinoma (185 cervical carcinomas and 66 corpus carcinomas) and on 251 healthy subjects (controls). 3575 relatives of the probands and 3578 of the controls were examined (parents, grandparents, uncles and aunts, collaterals, sons). 219 relatives of the probands (6,12 per cent) and 131 (3,66 per cent) of the controls were found to be or to have been affected by malignant tumours. Among the female relatives of the probands the 2,49 per cent resulted to be affected by uterus carcinoma, among those of the controls only the 1,17 per cent. As for tumour incidence, no significant differences have been observed between relatives of probands with cervical carcinoma and with uterus carcinoma. The neoplastic incidence in all sites was found to be moderately higher in relatives of probands bearing corpus carcinoma (6,57 per cent) than in those of probands bearing cervix carcinoma (5,94 per cent). Among the relatives of these two groups of probands (with cervix and uterus carcinomas) no remarkable differences weer observed as concerns tumour incidence. A three-times higher neoplastic incidence of genital organs and prostata was observed among male relatives of the probands in comparison with male relatives of the controls.
Indagini Sul Metabolismo Del Fosforo Nucleinico Di Tumori Da Trapianto - Inibizione Da Tiopirimidine: Nota II
Authors: Di Marco A. , Fuoco L. , Gaetani M. , Necco A. , Polvani F. , Silvestrini R. 
Published: April 2018

The effect of a pyrimidine analog, the 2-thio-5-methylcytosine, on the synthesis of RNA and DNA nucleic fractions of Walker carcinosarcoma has been investigated by a modified autoradiographic technique and by radiochemical determinations. Results obtained by the two methods are illustrated and compared, and their meaning is discussed. It is pointed out that the occurrence of the induced effect is likely dependent on the hematic and tissue levels of the substance, according to the different administration ways. The depressing action of thiopyrimidine on radiophosphorus uptake in the neoplastic tissue of the treated animals is confirmed. It is also observed that P32 inhibition, though more marked for the DNA fraction, is also present in the RNA fraction. An interpretation is given of the correlation between autoradiographical and radiochemical results and histological ones (mitotic coefficient).
Studio Di Alcune Attivita’ Enzimatiche Di Mitocondri Isolati in Mezzi Di Sospensione Isotonici Ed Ipotonici Da Fegato Con Lesioni Precancerose E Da Epatomi Sperimentali Del Ratto
Authors: Clerici E. , Cudkowicz G. , Sambo G. 
Published: April 2018

Acid phosphatase, ATP-ase and cytochrome-c oxidase activities have been studied in rat mitochondria isolated from precancerous livers and from experimental hepatomas. ATP-ase and cytochrome-c oxidase activities are increased, while acid phosphatase activity is decreased by p-DAB feeding. These enzymatic modifications seem to be secondary to morphological and structural changes of precancerous and cancerous liver mitochondria. They occur very early during experimental liver carcinogenesis, contemporaneously with the appearance of structural changes indicated by a minor swelling of precancerous and cancerous mitochondria isolated in hypotonic media, as compared to mitochondria from normal livers. No statistically significant differences have been observed between enzymatic activities of mitochondria isolated from precancerous livers and hepatomas; it is suggested that the mitochondrial damage reaches its maximum in the precancerous stages, being no furtherly modified in the established hepatomas.
Sulla Istogenesi Dei Miomi (Studio Di 633 Casi) Con Particolare Riguardo All'Attività Angioformativa E Fibrillopoietica Dei Mioblasti Ed Alla Imbibizione Idrica Della Sostanza Intercellulare
Authors: Sirtori C. , Samuel S. , Russenberger G. V. 
Published: April 2018

633 cases of myomatosis uteri were studied histologically and histochemically (hematoxylin and eosin, silver impregnation, PAS, Alcian blue, toluidine blue), with particular consideration to small myomas, in order to discover the first evolution stages. Areas of edematous imbibition, which proved to be PAS-, Alcian blue- and toluidine blue negative, have been observed in the 20 per cent about of myomas. Such edematous areas, which may be compared to those remarked in gynecomastia and fibroadenoma as well as in mammary cancer after oestrogen therapy, could be interpreted as « inductive phases » of the oestrogenic stimulation and justify some prompt regressions following hormonal treatment. A fibrollogenetic and angiogenetic activity of myoblasts was also observed The exposed researches suggest the opportunity of associating cortisone and testosterone in the medical treatment of myomas.