bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Associating the Moon and the tide
Authors: Woodworth Philip L. 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
The Moon is important to us. It has played a major role in the evolution of our planet, most obviously by causing a reduction of the rotation rate of the Earth through tidal friction. It is even possible that the Moon and hence the tides could have provided one mechanism for the origin of life on Earth through the repeated flooding and drying out under the Sun of primitive organisms in inter-tidal pools [1], [2]. In addition, the Moon has been an important factor in the religions and cultures of many societies.
Taking up space: The case of the ether
Authors: Votsis Ioannis 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
This paper obtains some methodological lessons in theory construction and modification (generally called ‘theory choice’) using the ether as a test case. It focusses on this posit both because it has a long history but also because it is associated with some spectacular theories and theorists. In view of the fact that the ether has been expunged from contemporary science, the paper asks why it survived as long as it did, whether its discussion was a waste of space and where to go from here. The last of these questions concerns not just the ether but also similar posits currently in circulation or those that will enter circulation in years to come.
Green hydrothermal synthesis of gallic acid carbon dots: characterization and cytotoxic effects on colorectal cancer cell line
Authors: Ebrahimi Yaser , Rezaie Jafar , Akbari Ali , Rasmi Yousef 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
Colorectal cancer (CRC) remains a leading cause of cancer-related deaths worldwide, necessitating the development of novel therapeutic approaches. Carbon dots (CDs) have emerged as promising nanoparticles for biomedical applications due to their unique properties. Gallic acid (GA), an anticancer agent, is effective against various tumor types. This study explores the potential of gallic acid-derived carbon dots (GA-CDs) as an innovative anticancer agent against HCT-116 CRC cells, focusing on apoptosis signaling pathways. GA-CDs were synthesized using a one-pot hydrothermal method. Characterization was conducted using transmission electron microscopy (TEM), Fourier transform infrared (FT-IR) spectroscopy, and ultraviolet-visible (UV–vis) absorption spectroscopy. The cytotoxicity of GA and GA-CDs on HCT-116 cells was evaluated using the MTT assay at various concentrations over 24 and 48 h. Cellular uptake was assessed via fluorescence microscopy, and apoptosis was analyzed using acridine orange/propidium iodide (AO/PI) staining. Total RNA extraction followed by complementary DNA (cDNA) synthesis via reverse transcription-PCR was performed, and real time-PCR (Q-PCR) was conducted to examine the expression of apoptosis-related genes including Caspase-3, Bax, and Bcl-2. Characterization confirmed the successful synthesis of spherical GA-CDs. GA-CDs exhibited dose- and time-dependent cytotoxicity, with IC50 values of 88.55 μg ml−1 for GA-CDs and 192.2 μg ml−1 for GA after 24 h. Fluorescence microscopy confirmed the efficient uptake of GA-CDs by HCT-116 cells. AO/PI staining showed a significant increase in apoptotic cell numbers after treatment with GA-CDs. Q-PCR analysis revealed overexpression of Caspase-3 and Bax genes in GA-CD-treated cells, though no significant changes were observed in the expression of Bcl-2 or the Bax/Bcl-2 ratio. GA-CDs demonstrated potent anticancer properties by inducing apoptosis and reducing cell viability in HCT-116 cells. These findings suggest the potential of GA-CDs as a novel therapeutic agent for CRC treatment, warranting further investigation into their mechanism of action and in vivo efficacy.
Analyzing how the timing and magnitude of electricity consumption drive variations in household electricity-associated emissions on a high-VRE grid
Authors: Mayes Stepp , Peplinski McKenna , Sanders Kelly T 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
Electrifying the residential sector is critical for national climate change adaptation and mitigation strategies, but increases in electricity demand could drive-up emissions from the power sector. However, the emissions associated with electricity consumption can vary depending on the timing of the demand, especially on grids with high penetrations of variable renewable energy. In this study, we analyze smart meter data from 2019 for over 100 000 homes in Southern California and use hourly average emissions factors from the California Independent System Operator, a high-solar grid, to analyze household CO2 emissions across spatial, temporal, and demographic variables. We calculate two metrics, the annual household electricity-associated emissions (annual-HEE), and the household average emissions factor (HAEF). These metrics help to identify appropriate strategies to reduce electricity-associated emissions (i.e. reducing demand vs leveraging demand-side flexibility) which requires consideration of the magnitude and timing of demand. We also isolate the portion of emissions caused by AC, a flexible load, to illustrate how a load with significant variation between customers results in a large range of emissions outcomes. We then evaluate the distribution of annual-HEE and HAEF across households and census tracts and use a multi-variable regression analysis to identify the characteristics of users and patterns of consumption that cause disproportionate annual-HEE. We find that in 2019 the top 20% of households, ranked by annual-HEE, were responsible for more emissions than the bottom 60%. We also find the most emissions-intense households have an HAEF that is 1.7 times higher than the least emissions-intense households, and that this spread increases for the AC load. In this analysis, we focus on Southern California, a demographically and climatically diverse region, but as smart meter records become more accessible, the methods and frameworks can be applied to other regions and grids to better understand the emissions associated with residential electricity consumption.
Stories into song: theory and co-creative practice of adapting literary fiction into pop and rock songs
Authors: Bentley Nick , Peacock James 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
Despite the many pop and rock songs adapted from literary texts, there has been little scholarship on the theory and practice of adapting novels and short stories into short-form musical works. This article is part of a British Academy-funded pilot project carried out by two researchers at Keele University, UK. Locating story-into-song texts within adaptation studies, it explores the theoretical issues involved in such adaptations; describes the methodology employed in a series of co-creative workshops with volunteers; and analyses the original songs that emerged from the project.
Survey of clinical microbiology and infectious disease testing capabilities among institutions in Africa
Authors: Jacobs Jeremy W , Adkins Brian D , Milner Danny A , Bloch Evan M , Eichbaum Quentin 
Published: November 2024

Abstract

Objectives
Inadequate laboratory infrastructure and testing capabilities are a major impediment to addressing the infectious disease burden in Africa. Therefore, the aims of this study were to characterize the clinical microbiology/infectious disease laboratory capabilities among countries in Africa.

Methods
A survey to assess the microbiological testing capabilities at hospitals, government laboratories, and free-standing public and private laboratories in African countries was developed by subject matter experts. Questions included institutional demographics and microbiology services in the broad categories of bacteriology, virology, mycology, parasitology, and rapid diagnostics/point-of-care testing. The survey was distributed using the American Society of Clinical Pathology email listserv between June and August 2022.

Results
In total, 131 unique institutions in 28 countries endorsed at least 1 type of microbiology service, with parasitology (80.9%, 106/131) and bacteriology (77.9%, 102/131) being most common, while mycology (45.0%, 59/131) and virology (45.8%, 60/131) laboratories were less prevalent. The most frequently performed bacteriology test was bacterial identification (90.2%, 92/102), followed by aerobic bacterial cultures and antimicrobial susceptibility testing (both 89.2%, 91/102). Among all clinical microbiology/infectious disease laboratories, the most commonly tested agents were HIV (90.8%, 119/131), Treponema pallidum (78.6%, 103/131), Plasmodium falciparum (76.3%, 100/131), Mycobacterium tuberculosis (76.3%, 100/131), and hepatitis C virus (74.8%, 98/131).

Conclusions
These findings provide contemporary data regarding the availability of critical infectious disease testing capabilities among institutions in Africa. These results and future additional studies will be crucial for understanding where strategic investment in the laboratory and public health infrastructure is warranted.
An intervention study on the influence of altruistic teaching on L2 learners’ English research article abstract writing
Authors: Zare Javad , Derakhshan Ali 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
A large mass of research has reported the significance and power of positive psychology (PP) constructs in second/foreign language (L2) education. As an offshoot of PP, altruistic teaching, which highlights teaching without self-focus, has recently initiated its way into L2 research territory. However, the way altruistic teaching influences L2 students’ academic literacy skills, such as abstract writing, has been left uncharted to date. To bridge this gap, the present study used an experimental design to investigate the contribution of altruistic teaching to 163 university students’ English abstract writing required in research article (RA)s. The results of t-test and ANOVA indicated a statistically significant difference between the learners’ RA abstract writing in the control and experimental groups in both the short and long run in light of altruistic teaching. The study discusses the results and presents the implications of altruistic teaching for L2 research and practice.
Achievement emotions in online language learning: domain-specific components and interactions with self-regulation strategies and language performance
Authors: Teng Lin Sophie , Pan Jinyun 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
Although previous research has underscored the crucial impact of discrete emotions on language learning, scant attention has been given to exploring domain-specific multiple achievement emotions experienced by second/foreign language (L2) learners in digital learning environments. This study aims to bridge the gap by validating a questionnaire to measure multiple achievement emotions experienced by Chinese English as a foreign language (EFL) learners during synchronous online English learning. One primary goal is to investigate the factorial structure and cultural sensitivity of achievement emotions in online English learning. This study further examines the interactions of achievement emotions with self-regulated learning (SRL) strategies and English performance to validate the criterion validity. Data were collected from 371 Chinese EFL students with intermediate to upper-intermediate L2 proficiency. Robust statistical methods, including confirmatory factor analysis and exploratory structural equation modeling (ESEM), were employed to elucidate the internal structure of achievement emotions. Model comparisons confirmed a seven-factor, correlated ESEM model comprising enjoyment, hope, pride, anger, shame-related anxiety, hopelessness, and boredom. Moderate correlations between achievement emotions and SRL strategies highlighted the interconnectedness of cognitive and emotional variables in L2 learning. Notably, this study revealed significant predictive effects of positive activating emotion (i.e. hope) and negative demotivating emotions (i.e. hopelessness and boredom) on English performance. This study concludes that the internal structure of multiple achievement emotions in online learning is embedded with situation-specific and culture-sensitivity characteristics. Moreover, the findings lend empirical support to the control-value theory, which holds that different achievement emotions have a joint and synergistic function in affecting learners’ SRL and academic performance.
Anti-inflammatory diterpenoids from the brown alga Dictyota coriacea
Authors: Shiiba Nozomi , Kumagai Momochika , Endo Hikaru , Tsuruta Tomoki , Nishikawa Keisuke , Morimoto Yoshiki 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
A new xenicane diterpene named 4α-acetoxyisodictyohemiacetal (1) was isolated from the brown alga Dictyota coriacea, along with 11 known diterpenoids. The structure of 1 was established by spectroscopic analyses, and its absolute configuration was determined by comparing the experimental and theoretical electronic circular dichroism spectra. Two dictyodiacetal diastereomers (5 and 6) were isolated, and the full NMR assignments were performed. The anti-inflammatory activities of the isolated compounds were evaluated using the lipopolysaccharide-stimulated mouse macrophage cell line, RAW264. The hemiacetal-containing xenicanes and dictyol-type diterpene inhibited not only the production of nitric oxide but also the expression of inducible nitric oxide synthase, interleukin-6, and cyclooxygenase-2 mRNA in RAW264 cells. This study demonstrated that diterpenes from D. coriacea may be useful as natural anti-inflammatory agents.
Delineating genomic features for wild guanaco conservation
Authors: Leggieri Leonardo Ramón , Anello Melina , Peralta Diego , Túnez Juan Ignacio , Di Rocco Florencia , Poljak Sebastián , Flores Celina , Alunni Daniela , Belardi Juan Bautista , Gutiérrez María A , Álvarez María C , Massigoge Agustina , Kaufmann Cristian , Borrero Luis , Borghi Carlos , Demartini Julieta , Petracci Pablo , Martín Sotelo , Marbán Leandro , Kathiravan Periasamy , Rudolf Pichler , Marín Juan Carlos , Cárcamo Juan Guillermo , Carmanchahi Pablo 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
The South American fauna has endured challenges such as illegal hunting, cattle expansion, climate change, and landscape fragmentation. Despite ongoing conservation efforts that aim to address these issues, genetic diversity remains overlooked. We genotyped 126 Lama guanicoe individuals from an area of 2 million km2 in Patagonia and Cuyo using the 60K SNPs Axiom-Camelids, and we assessed population viability through genetic diversity, inbreeding, and population size. We then explored population connectivities through network analyses, genetic differentiation, and Bayesian approaches. Our findings reveal six genetic clusters: Cuyo, Somuncura, North Patagonia, Central Patagonia, South Patagonia, and Tierra del Fuego Island (TDFI). Cuyo and TDFI guanacos differed from others due to isolation-by-distance and geographical barriers, respectively. Cuyo exhibited the highest degree of allele conservation, but TDFI faced heightened vulnerability due to isolation and increased homozygosity. Sharp bottlenecks in Cuyo and North Patagonia coincided with the expansion of sheep farming, while bottlenecks in the other populations occurred during the Little Ice Age. North Patagonia acted as a probable contact zone, facilitating mixing of the Cuyo, Somuncura, and Central Patagonia populations. The Central and South Patagonian populations presented the highest gene flow. Thus, genomic advances help to define distinct conservation units (genetic stocks) to guide management practices and decisions.
Robust model averaging approach by Mallows-type criterion
Authors: Wang Miaomiao , You Kang , Zhu Lixing , Zou Guohua 
Published: November 2024

ABSTRACT
Model averaging is an important tool for treating uncertainty from model selection process and fusing information from different models, and has been widely used in various fields. However, the most existing model averaging criteria are proposed based on the methods of ordinary least squares or maximum likelihood, which possess high sensitivity to outliers or violation of certain model assumption. For the mean regression, no optimal robust methods are developed. To fill this gap, in our paper, we propose an outlier-robust model averaging approach by Mallows-type criterion. The idea is that we first construct a generalized M (GM) estimator for each candidate model, and then build robust weighting schemes by the asymptotic expansion of the final prediction error based on the GM-type loss function. So, we can still achieve a trustworthy result even if the dataset is contaminated by outliers in response and/or covariates. Asymptotic properties of the proposed robust model averaging estimators are established under some regularity conditions. The consistency of our weight estimators tending to the theoretically optimal weight vectors is also derived. We prove that our model averaging estimator is robust in terms of having bounded influence function. Further, we define the empirical prediction influence function to evaluate the quantitative robustness of the model averaging estimator. A simulation study and a real data analysis are conducted to demonstrate the finite sample performance of our estimators and compare them with other commonly used model selection and averaging methods.
Multicentre analysis of seizure outcome predicted by removal of high frequency oscillations
Authors: Dimakopoulos Vasileios , Gotman Jean , Klimes Petr , von Ellenrieder Nicolas , Tan Shi Bei , Smith Garnett , Gliske Stephen , Maltseva Margarita , Manalo Minette Krisel , Pail Martin , Brazdil Milan , van Blooijs Dorien , van ‘t Klooster Maryse , Johnson Sarah , Laboy Samantha , Ledergerber Debora , Imbach Lukas , Papadelis Christos , Sperling Michael R , Zijlmans Maeike , Cimbalnik Jan , Jacobs Julia , Stacey William C , Frauscher Birgit , Sarnthein Johannes 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
In drug-resistant focal epilepsy, planning surgical resection may involve presurgical intracranial EEG recordings (iEEG) to detect seizures and other iEEG patterns to improve postsurgical seizure outcome. We hypothesized that resection of tissue generating interictal high frequency oscillations (HFOs, 80-500 Hz) in the iEEG predicts surgical outcome.
Eight international epilepsy centres recorded iEEG during the patients’ pre-surgical evaluation. The patients were of all ages, had epilepsy of all types, and underwent surgical resection of a single focus aiming at seizure freedom. In a prospective analysis we applied a fully automated definition of HFO which was independent of the dataset. Using an observational cohort design that was blinded to postsurgical seizure outcome, we analysed HFO rates during non-rapid-eye-movement sleep. If channels had consistently high rates over multiple epochs, they were labelled the “HFO area”. After HFO analysis, centres provided the electrode contacts located in the resected volume and the seizure outcome at follow-up ≥24 months after surgery. The study was registered at www.clinicaltrials.gov (NCT05332990).
We received 160 iEEG datasets. In 146 datasets (91%), the HFO area could be defined. The patients with completely resected HFO area were more likely to achieve seizure freedom compared to those without (OR 2.61 CI [1.15-5.91], P = 0.02). Among seizure free patients, the HFO area was completely resected in 31 and was not completely resected in 43. Among patients with recurrent seizures, the HFO area was completely resected in 14 and was not completely resected in 58. When predicting seizure freedom, the negative predictive value of the HFO area (68% CI [52-81]) was higher than that for the resected volume as predictor by itself (51% CI [42-59], P = 4e-5). The sensitivity and specificity for complete HFO area resection were 0.88 CI [0.72-0.98] and 0.39 CI [0.25-0.54] and the area under the curve was 0.83 CI [0.58-0.97], indicating good predictive performance.
In a blinded cohort study from independent epilepsy centres, applying a previously validated algorithm for HFO marking without the need of adjusting to new datasets allowed us to validate the clinical relevance of HFOs to plan the surgical resection.
Current state and perspectives of CAR T cell therapy in central nervous system diseases
Authors: Pfeffer Lena Kristina , Fischbach Felix , Heesen Christoph , Friese Manuel A 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
B cell-directed CAR T cell therapy has fundamentally changed the treatment of haematological malignancies, and its scope of application is rapidly expanding to include other diseases such as solid tumours or autoimmune disorders. Therapy-refractoriness remains an important challenge in various inflammatory and non-inflammatory disorders of the CNS. The reasons for therapy failure are diverse and include the limited access current therapies have to the CNS, as well as enormous inter- and intra-individual disease heterogeneity. The tissue-penetrating properties of CAR T cells make them a promising option for overcoming this problem and tackling pathologies directly within the CNS.
First application of B cell-directed CAR T cells in neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorder and multiple sclerosis patients has recently revealed promising outcomes, expanding the potential of CAR T cell therapy to encompass CNS diseases. Additionally, the optimization of CAR T cells for the therapy of gliomas is a growing field. As a further prospect, preclinical data reveal the potential benefits of CAR T cell therapy in the treatment of primary neurodegenerative diseases such as Alzheimer’s disease.
Considering the biotechnological optimizations in the field of T cell engineering, such as extension to target different antigens or variation of the modified T cell subtype, new and promising fields of CAR T cell application are rapidly opening up. These innovations offer the potential to address the complex pathophysiological properties of CNS diseases. To use CAR T cell therapy optimally to treat CNS diseases in the future while minimizing therapy risks, further mechanistic research and prospective controlled trials are needed to assess seriously the disease and patient-specific risk-benefit ratio.
Solvent-free catalytic synthesis of ureas from amines and carbon dioxide under atmospheric pressure using oxovanadium(V) catalyst with silylating reagent
Authors: Aoyama Kotaro , Tsuda Moeka , Shigematsu Hiroto , Moriuchi Toshiyuki 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
Efficient utilization of carbon dioxide for the synthesis of valuable compounds is considered to be essential for the future sustainable society. Herein, N,O-bis(trimethylsilyl)acetamide, which acts not only as a silylating reagent but also as a reaction solvent, was demonstrated to facilitate the solvent-free catalytic synthesis of ureas in 1-step from amines and carbon dioxide under atmospheric pressure using a commercially available air-stable NH4VO3 catalyst. This catalytic system was applicable to a wide range of substrate and a gram-scale reaction. One-step preferential synthesis of unsymmetrical ureas was also realized.