bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Post/preprocedural ratio of hemodynamically assessed aortic regurgitation index as a marker for the need for corrective measures during transcatheter valve replacement: A first confirmatory study in patients receiving a new generation transcatheter self‐expandable prosthesis
Authors: Mas‐Peiro Silvia , Weiler Helge , Papadopoulos Nestoras , Zeiher Andreas M. , Fichtlscherer Stephan , Vasa‐Nicotera Mariuca 
Published: September 2018

AbstractObjectivesWe aimed to investigate the value of post/preprocedural aortic regurgitation index (ARI) ratio as a marker for more‐than‐mild aortic regurgitation (AR) after transcatheter aortic valve replacement (TAVR) and as an indication of the need for corrective measures, provided that the implantation depth was acceptable.BackgroundPost/preprocedural ARI increases accuracy of residual AR assessment by considering hemodynamic status prior to TAVR.MethodsARI ratio was calculated in 70 patients undergoing TAVR. ARI ratios were defined as post/preprocedural ARI (ARI ratio 1), and as postcorrective measure/preprocedural ARI (ARI ratio 2). Intraprocedurally, corrective measures use was decided based on angiographically assessed AR severity. The relationship of such decisions to ARI ratios based on a recently proposed threshold (ARI ratio < 0.6) was evaluated. ARI ratios in corrected versus noncorrected patients and precorrection versus postcorrection values were assessed.ResultsOverall, mean (±SD) ARI ratio 1 (n = 70) was 0.81 (±0.36). Corrective measures were used in 22 patients (31.4%). Mean ARI ratio 1 in such patients was 0.55 (±0.25) versus 0.93 (±0.34) in the 48 noncorrected patients (P < 0.0001). Mean ARI ratio 1 in 21 patients requiring postdilation was 0.56 (±0.25), which was below the previously suggested 0.6 threshold. After postdilation, ARI ratio 2 increased to 0.85 (±0.16) (P < 0.0001), with all patients showing an ARI ratio 2 ≥ 0.6.ConclusionsARI ratio is closely related to intraprocedural decisions to perform corrective measures based on angiography. Routine use of intraprocedural ARI ratio could be useful as a complementary quantitative marker for residual AR and for the need for corrective measures.
Trends in volume and risk profiles of patients undergoing isolated surgical and transcatheter aortic valve replacement
Authors: Mori Makoto , Bin Mahmood Syed Usman , Geirsson Arnar , Yun James J. , Cleman Michael W. , Forrest John K. , Mangi Abeel A. 
Published: September 2018

BackgroundRecent reports describe increases in the case volume of surgical aortic valve replacement (SAVR) after centers establish a transcatheter aortic valve replacement (TAVR) program. We investigate contemporary temporal trends in SAVR and TAVR case volumes and risk profiles at a high volume academic medical center.MethodsWe conducted a retrospective, descriptive evaluation of consecutive patients who underwent TAVR (n = 538) or SAVR (n = 657) in 2011–2016. The STS predicted risk of mortality (PROM) for isolated SAVR was used to calculate PROM for both SAVR and TAVR patients. Patients were stratified based on STS PROM as follows: low risk (<4%), intermediate risk (4–8%), and high risk (≥8%). Temporal changes in patient risk‐profile were characterized descriptively.ResultsMedian STS PROM for the study period was 6.3% and 2.0% for TAVR and SAVR cohorts, respectively (P < 0.001). Since 2011, TAVR volume consistently increased, while SAVR volume increased initially, peaking in 2013 and steadily declined. The STS PROM for SAVR remained stable during the entire study period, while that for TAVR showed a steady decline. The proportions of intermediate and low STS PROM patients undergoing TAVR increased. Proportions of each risk category in SAVR cohort remained stable over time.ConclusionsSAVR volume increased initially but declined eventually following the implementation of TAVR program. The distribution of the STS PROM in TAVR cohort changed dramatically with increasing proportion of patients in lower risk categories. These findings suggest the converging patient populations in TAVR and SAVR, which may be associated with the decline in the overall SAVR volume.
Novel predictor of target vessel revascularization after coronary stent implantation: Intraluminal intensity of blood speckle on intravascular ultrasound
Authors: Saito Yuichi , Kitahara Hideki , Okuya Yoshiyuki , Nakayama Takashi , Fujimoto Yoshihide , Kobayashi Yoshio 
Published: September 2018

AbstractBackgroundThe difference in intraluminal intensity of blood speckle (IBS) on integrated backscatter‐intravascular ultrasound (IB‐IVUS) across the coronary artery stenosis (i.e., ΔIBS) has been reported to negatively correlate with fractional flow reserve. Fractional flow reserve after coronary stenting is known as a predictor of target vessel revascularization (TVR). However, the relation between ΔIBS and TVR is unclear.MethodsSeven hundred and three vessels which underwent percutaneous coronary intervention with stents were screened. Vessels without IVUS‐guidance and follow‐up information were excluded. Intraluminal IBS values were measured using IB‐IVUS in cross‐sections at the ostium of the target vessel and at the distal reference of implanted stent. ΔIBS was calculated as (distal IBS) − (ostium IBS).ResultsA total of 393 vessels were included. Mean ΔIBS at postprocedure was 6.22 ± 5.65. During the follow‐up period (11.2 ± 3.1 months), 24 cases (6.1%) had TVR. ΔIBS was significantly greater in the vessels with TVR than in those without (11.10 ± 5.93 vs. 5.90 ± 5.49, P <0.001). In receiver operating characteristic curve analysis, ΔIBS significantly predicted TVR (AUC 0.74, best cut‐off value 8.24, P < 0.001). Multiple logistic regression analysis showed use of drug eluting stent and ΔIBS ≥ 8.24 as independent predictors of TVR.ConclusionsΔIBS at postprocedure was significantly associated with TVR. IVUS may be able to predict TVR by physiological assessment with measurement of ΔIBS.
Time‐dependent benefits of pre‐treatment with new oral P2Y12‐inhibitors in patients addressed to primary PCI for acute ST‐elevation myocardial infarction
Authors: Pepe Martino , Cafaro Alessandro , Paradies Valeria , Signore Nicola , Addabbo Francesco , Bortone Alessandro Santo , Navarese Eliano Pio , Contegiacomo Gaetano , Forleo Cinzia , Bartolomucci Francesco , Di Cillo Ottavio , Bianchi Francesco Paolo , Zanna Domenico , Favale Stefano 
Published: September 2018

AbstractObjectivesThe aim of this observational study was to determine the benefits of the novel, orally delivered P2Y12‐inhibitors (Is) in terms of angiographic endpoints and in relation to the time of the loading dose (LD) administration.BackgroundThe goal of ST‐elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI) treatment is timely reperfusion. The P2Y12‐Is prasugrel and ticagrelor have improved the angiographic outcome of primary percutaneous coronary intervention (pPCI) and patients' prognosis. However, their onset of action is impaired in STEMI and delayed by their oral administration.MethodsThe 328 eligible patients with STEMI consecutively referred for pPCI were divided into three groups depending on the interval of “P2Y12‐I LD administration‐to‐balloon time”: Group 2 included patients that received P2Y12‐I LD at least 60 min prior to pPCI, Group 1 within 60 min prior to pPCI, and Group 0 at the moment of pPCI. Angiographic, clinical, and biochemical parameters were evaluated. Pre‐ and post‐pPCI TIMI flow grade (TFG) and ST resolution (STR) were used as outcome measures to determine efficacy and optimal timing of pretreatment.ResultsPre‐pPCI TFG improved with increasing P2Y12‐I LD administration‐to‐balloon time; pre‐PCI TFG 0/1 was 74.5% in Group 0, 65.5% in Group 1 and 54.9% in Group 2 (P < 0.002). Post‐pPCI TFG 3 results also differed significantly between the three groups: 85.2% in Group 0, 88.1% in Group 1, 97.6% in Group 2 (P < 0.013). ST resolution rates were also positively associated with longer pretreatment intervals.ConclusionsThis observational study suggests that the angiographic benefit of P2Y12‐I administration is time‐dependent: longer pretreatment improves coronary reperfusion in terms of pre‐ and post‐pPCI TFG and STR.
Intracardiac echography for left atrial appendage closure: A step‐by‐step tutorial
Authors: Paiva Luis V. , Costa Marco P. , Barra Sérgio C. , Gonçalves Lino 
Published: September 2018

AbstractObjectivesWe sought to provide a practical educational tool for the utilization of intracardiac echography (ICE) in the left atrium for the percutaneous closure of the left atrial appendage (LAA).BackgroundAlthough transesophageal echocardiography (TEE) is the gold‐standard imaging technique for LAA closure, ICE is stepping in to support noncoronary cardiology interventions by improving workflow and case turnover and may be more adequate for frail patients with significant and multiple comorbidities.MethodsThis article discusses the utility of ICE for LAA closure, its advantages compared to TEE, contraindications to TEE use and offers an extensive illustration of the main steps of the procedure.ConclusionsThe use of ICE in the left atrium allows a feasible guidance of all steps of the percutaneous closure of LAA.
Standardized bench test evaluation of coronary stents: Biomechanical characteristics
Authors: Bonin Mickael , Guerin Patrice , Olive Jean Marc , Jordana Fabienne , Huchet François 
Published: September 2018

AbstractObjectivesThe purpose of the study was to develop a standardized and global bench test protocol to evaluate the biomechanical characteristics of the most currently used drug‐eluting coronary stents.BackgroundThe use of coronary stents has contributed to the reduction of cardiovascular mortality but can be associated with specific complications. Improving the biomechanical matching between the stents and the coronary anatomy may reduce these complications.MethodsWe assessed five commercially available drug‐eluting stents: the Absorb, Orsiro, Resolute Onyx, Synergy, and Xience Alpine stents. Following stent deployment at nominal pressure in ambient air, radial elastic recoil and foreshortening were measured. Flexibility (crimped and deployed stents) and longitudinal and radial resistances were evaluated using a mechanical tester.ResultsBiomechanical characteristics were significantly different for all tested devices (ANOVA, P < 0.01). The Synergy, Orsiro, and Xience Alpine stents presented the lowest elastic recoil. The Synergy and Resolute Onyx stents were the most flexible devices. The Xience Alpine and Absorb stents had the highest longitudinal and radial resistances.ConclusionsDrug‐eluting coronary stents used in current clinical practice have very different biomechanical characteristics, which should be taken into consideration to select the most appropriate device for each clinical situation.
Right‐sided infective endocarditis in patients with uncorrected ventricular septal defect and patent ductus arteriosus: Two case reports
Authors: Sattwika Prenali Dwisthi , Hartopo Anggoro Budi , Anggrahini Dyah Wulan , Mumpuni Hasanah , Dinarti Lucia Kris 
Published: September 2018

Key Clinical MessageUncorrected left‐to‐right shunt congenital heart defect is a predisposing factor for infective endocarditis (IE), especially right‐sided IE which has different clinical manifestations and complications from left‐sided IE. Prompt diagnosis by means of transthoracic echocardiography and timely antibiotics management for IE are encouraged to prevent multiorgan failure and fatal pulmonary embolism.
Interactions between two parasites of brown trout (Salmo trutta): Consequences of preinfection
Authors: Gopko Mikhail , Chowdhury M. Motiur R. , Taskinen Jouni 
Published: September 2018

AbstractPreinfection by one parasitic species may facilitate or by contrast hamper the subsequent penetration and/or establishment of other parasites in a host. The biology of interacting species, timing of preinfection, and dosage of subsequent parasite exposure are likely important variables in this multiparasite dynamic infection process. The increased vulnerability to subsequent infection can be an important and often overlooked factor influencing parasite virulence. We investigated how the preinfection by freshwater pearl mussel Margaritifera margaritifera glochidia could influence the success of subsequent infection by the common trematode Diplostomum pseudospathaceum in brown trout Salmo trutta and vice versa whether preinfection by the trematode made fish more susceptible to glochidia infection. The first experiment was repeated twice with different (low and high) exposure doses to initiate the subsequent trematode infection, while in the second experiment we varied the timing of the preinfection with trematodes. The preinfection with glochidia made fish more vulnerable to subsequent infection with trematodes. Since the trematodes penetrate through the gills, we suggest that increased host vulnerability was most likely the result of increased respiration caused by the freshwater pearl mussel glochidia encysted on gills. In turn, brown trout preinfected with trematodes were more vulnerable to the subsequent glochidial infection, but only if they were preinfected shortly before the subsequent infection (20 hr). Fish preinfected with trematodes earlier (2 weeks before the subsequent infection) did not differ in their vulnerability to glochidia. These effects were observed at moderate intensities of infections similar to those that occur in nature. Our study demonstrates how the timing and sequence of exposure to parasitic species can influence infection success in a host–multiparasite system. It indicates that the negative influence of glochidia on host fitness is likely to be underestimated and that this should be taken into consideration when organizing freshwater pearl mussel restoration procedures.
Identification and functional analysis of spermatogenesis‐associated gene modules in azoospermia by weighted gene coexpression network analysis
Authors: Zheng Wenzhong , Zou Zihao , Lin Shouren , Chen Xiang , Wang Feixiang , Li Xianxin , Dai Jican 
Published: September 2018

AbstractNonobstructive azoospermia (NOA) or testicular failure is the most severe form of male infertility. A variety of conditions, both acquired and congenital, can cause azoospermia. However, in a large number of azoospermia patients who are classified as idiopathic cases, the etiology remains poorly understand mainly due to the lack of knowledge of all the genetic causes and molecular mechanisms responsible for spermatogenesis failure. Identification of the key gene modules and pathways‐related spermatogenesis failure might help to reveal the mechanisms of idiopathic azoospermia. Therefore, the expression patterns of spermatogenesis‐associated genes in NOA were analyzed by weighted gene coexpression network analysis (WGCNA) based on two public microarray data sets (GSE45885 and GSE45887), which included 51 samples and 32,321 genes. We identified a module (turquoise) that was significantly related to the Johnsen score of the testicular samples. In addition, the results of function and pathway enrichment analyses based on the online bioinformatics database Metascape revealed that genes in the turquoise module were mainly related to the process of spermatogenesis and spermatid development. To further identify spermatogenesis‐associated genes, a microarray data set (GSE926) of murine testis at different developmental time points was analyzed by WGCNA. The blue module in GSE926 was significantly related to the time of murine testis development. The overlap study and k‐core analysis based on protein–protein interaction network revealed that spermatogenesis‐ and spermatid development–associated genes, including glyceraldehyde‐3‐phosphate dehydrogenase, ADAM metallopeptidase domain 2, transition protein 1, testis‐specific serine kinase 2, transition protein 2, and germ cell‐associated 1 (GSG1), were further identified in the selected modules. The expression profile of GSG1 in human testis was chosen for further study using immunochemistry staining. Taken together, these screened gene modules and pathways provided a more detailed genetic and molecular mechanism underlying spermatogenesis failure occurrence and holds promise as potential diagnosis biomarkers and therapeutic targets.
Inclusion complexes of cysteinyl β‐cyclodextrin with baicalein restore collagen synthesis in fibroblast cells following ultraviolet exposure
Authors: Lee Joomin , Ahn Eunsook , Kim Seon‐Y. , Shin Yujeong , Ahn Seunghyun , Sung Jiha , Kim Hwanhee , Cho Eunae , Jung Seunho , Park Seyeon 
Published: September 2018

AbstractBaicalein, a bioactive flavonoid, has poor water solubility, thereby limiting its use in a wide range of biological applications. In the present study, we used inclusion complexes of cysteinyl β‐cyclodextrin (β‐CD) with baicalein to enhance the stability and solubility of baicalein in aqueous solution. We examined the effects of inclusion complexes of cysteinyl β‐CD on collagen synthesis following ultraviolet (UV) irradiation, as well as the mechanisms underlying its effects. Our findings demonstrated that baicalein significantly restored collagen synthesis in the UV‐exposed human fibroblast Hs68 cells. In addition, synthetic cysteine functionalized β‐CDs were found to promote baicalein‐induced collagen synthesis. Inclusion complexes of cysteinyl β‐CDs with baicalein significantly upregulated the protein expression of type I collagen and activated the transcription of type I, II, and III collagen. Inclusion complexes of cysteinyl β‐CDs with baicalein also downregulated matrix metalloproteinase ‐1 and ‐3, and α‐smooth muscle actin expression. In addition, inclusion complexes of cysteinyl β‐CDs with baicalein attenuated the expression of caveolin‐1, but this treatment enhanced the UV‐induced phosphorylation of Smad in the transforming growth factor‐β pathway. These results suggested that the newly synthesized derivative of CD can be used as a complexing agent to enhance the bioavailability of flavonoids such as baicalein, especially in restoring collagen synthesis.
Effects of cigarette smoke condensate on proliferation and pluripotency gene expression in mouse embryonic stem cells
Authors: Assadollahi Vahideh , Mohammadi Ebrahim , Fathi Fardin , hassanzadeh Kambiz , Erfan Mohamad Bager Khadem , Soleimani Farzad , Banafshi Omid , Yousefi Fayegh , Allahvaisi Ozra 
Published: September 2018

AbstractBackgroundEmbryonic stem cells (ESCs) are derived from the inner cell mass (ICM) of blastocysts. They can be used as valuable experimental models to test the effects of drugs, chemicals, and environmental contaminants such as cigarette smoke condensate (CSC) on preimplantation embryo development. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of CSC on ESCs derived from mice with different genetic backgrounds and maternal ages.MethodsThe study groups consisted of mouse ESCs (mESCs) obtained from three sources: blastocysts developed from fertilized oocytes of two‐month‐old (2‐C57) and six‐month‐old (6‐C57) C57BL/6 inbred mice and those developed from fertilized oocytes of two‐month‐old (2‐NMRI) NMRI outbred mice. The groups of mESCs were exposed to 0.04, 4, and 40 μg/mL CSC. After exposure, we measured cell viability by 3‐(4,5‐dimethylthiazol‐2‐yl)‐2,5‐diphenyl tetrazolium bromide assay and real‐time polymerase chain reaction for changes in expressions of
Oct4, Sox2, Nanog, Ahr, Bax, Bcl2, TFAM, and
POLG. The cell doubling time (DT) of these populations was also determined.ResultsWe observed that CSC changed proliferation and DT in the 2‐C57 and 6‐C57 cells. There was no change in 2‐NMRI cells. Exposure to CSC caused changes in the gene expressions and induced apoptosis in all three cell lines.ConclusionBased on the results of the study, it can be concluded that CSC has an effect on the viability, DT and gene expression patterns in mouse ESCs and its effects vary based on the genetic background and maternal age of isolated mouse ESCs.
Profiling and bioinformatics analyses reveal differential expression of circular RNA in tongue cancer revealed by high‐throughput sequencing
Authors: Qiu Xiaoxia , Ke Xu , Ma Huaci , Han Liang , Chen Qingwen , Zhang Shu , Da Peng , Wu Hao 
Published: September 2018

AbstractCircular RNAs (circRNA) are special noncoding RNAs. They are widely present, but with unknown functions. Recent studies have shown that many endogenous circRNAs have sponge function to absorb microRNAs (miRNA). They can regulate target gene messenger RNA expression and play important roles in many biological processes. However, expression profile and function of circRNAs in human tongue squamous cell carcinoma (TSCC) have not been reported. High‐throughput sequencing was performed to identify and annotate from three TSCC tissues and adjacent tissues. A separate set (n = 20) of human TSCCs and corresponding adjacent tissues were subjected to reverse‐transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT‐PCR) for validation of circRNAs expression profile. Gene Ontology (GO) functional analysis, Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) pathway analysis, and circRNA‐miRNA network analysis were also performed to predict the function of circRNA in TSCC. A total of 12 156 circRNAs were identified and annotated, most of the circRNAs were novel (
n = 6231) and exonic (62.09%). Statistical analysis revealed 322 differentially expressed (DE) circRNAs. RT‐PCR results showed that circRNA expression in TSCC was higher than that in adjacent tissues. GO functional analysis, KEGG pathway analysis, and circRNA‐miRNA network analysis all showed that circRNAs correlated with tumor development and progression to a certain extent. The current study is the first to systematically characterize and annotate circRNA expression in TSCC, the majority were novel circRNAs. Some host genes of the DE circRNAs were involved in tumor signaling pathway and had complicated correlations with tumor‐relevant miRNAs, indicating that circRNAs might be promoted development and progression of TSCC.
Role of high‐mobility group B1 in myocardial injury induced by coronary microembolization in rats
Authors: Chen Quan‐Fang , Wang Wei , Huang Zhou , Huang Dong‐Ling , Wang Fan , Li Jun , Liu Xue‐Feng , Sun Zhong‐Yi , Zeng Xiang‐Tao 
Published: September 2018

AbstractObjectiveThis study aimed to explore the effects of high‐mobility group B1 (HMGB1) on coronary microembolization (CME)‐induced myocardial inflammation, myocardial apoptosis, and cardiac function injury in rats.MethodsForty Sprague‐Dawley rats were divided into sham operation group (sham group), microembolization group (CME group), CME + HMGB1 siRNA (HMGB1 siRNA) group, and CME + scrambled siRNA (control siRNA) group (10 rats in each group). The CME model group was constructed by injecting microembolism spheres into the apex of the left ventricle after clamping the ascending aorta. The sham group was constructed by injecting the same amount of saline. The HMGB1 siRNA group was injected with HMGB1 siRNA transfection complex via the tail vein 72 hours before CME modeling. The control siRNA group was injected with the same amount of scrambled siRNA mixture through the tail vein 72 hours before CME modeling. The cardiac function, serum cardiac troponin I level, and apoptotic index were examined 12 hours after the surgery. The levels of HMGB1, nuclear factor‐κB (NF‐κB) p65, glucose‐regulated protein 78 (GRP78), C/EBP homologous protein (CHOP), cleaved caspase‐12, cleaved caspase‐3, tumor necrosis factor‐α (TNF‐α), and interleukin 1β (IL‐1β) were detected.ResultsMyocardial dysfunction, enhanced serum cardiac troponin I level, and apoptotic index were induced following CME. Moreover, CME increased the expression of HMGB1, NF‐κB p65, GRP78, CHOP, cleaved caspase‐12, cleaved caspase‐3, TNF‐α, and IL‐1β. HMGB1 siRNA reversed these effects, whereas scrambled siRNA had no effect.ConclusionsInhibition of HMGB1 expression reduced CME‐induced myocardial injury and improved cardiac function. Hence, it may serve as a new target for preventing and treating the CME‐induced myocardial injury.