bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Peranan Orang Tua dalam Mengembangkan Kecerdasan Emosional dan Spiritual (ESQ) Anak dalam Perspektif Islam
Authors: Badiah Zahrotul 
Published: February 2019

Kecerdasan emosional dan spiritual (ESQ) merupakan penggabungan kecerdasan emosional untuk membentuk hubungan dengan sesama manusia, dan kecerdasan spiritual yang membentuk hubungan dengan Allah, sehingga pada akhirnya akan membentuk hubungan dengan Allah dan sesama. Asmaul husna adalah kunci dari perkembangan emosional dan spiritual dalam membentuk akhlak yang mulia, karena sumber suasana hati manusia adalah asmaul husna itu sendiri. Selain hal tersebut peran orang tua dalam periode kehidupan seorang anak sangat penting, karena dapat menentukan lebih lanjut tumbuh kembang anak. Oleh karena itu, orang tua harus memberi kesempatan kepada anak-anak untuk tumbuh dan mengeluarkan ide-ide bagus secara emosional dan spiritual pada anak-anak. Dengan demikian, orang tua turut berkembang untuk mengembangkan kecerdasan emosi dan spiritual pada anak-anak. Hal-hal yang mempengaruhi kecerdasan ESQ adalah hubungan dalam keluarga itu sendiri adapun hubungan yang bersifat spiritual bisa melalui ibadah-ibadah ritual semacam shalat, puasa, berdzikir selalu mengingat Allah. Selain itu orang tua juga harus menanamkan prinsip-prinsip kebajikan pada ruh anak. Dalam tulisan ini penulis memaparkan banyak hal-hal yang mempengaruhi ESQ. Emotional and spiritual intelligence (ESQ) is an amalgamation of emotional intelligence to form relationships with fellow human beings, and spiritual intelligence that formed a relationship with God, so that it can form a relationship with God and human beings. Asmaul Husna is a key of emotional and spiritual development in shaping ahlakul karimah, because the source of human mood is asma al-husnā itself. The roles of parents in the period of a child’s life are very important, because it can determine further developments. Therefore, parents should give an opportunity to children to grow and expend good ideas, in emotional and spiritual ways to children. Thus, parents should try to develop emotional and spiritual intelligence of children. ESQ is affected by the relationships within the family itself and the relationship for the spiritual nature can be through some sort of ritual forms of worship prayer, fasting, always remember Allah. In addition parents should also inculcate principles of virtue in the spirit of the child. In this paper the author exposes many things that affect ESQ. Kata kunci: kecerdasan, emosional, spiritual
Local Language as Cultural Cohesive Device in Janger Performing Art
Authors: Ilham Mochamad 
Published: February 2019

Janger performing art is still able to attract the public because of its ability to adopt various local languages in Banyuwangi. In addition to apply Javanese language, it also utilizes Using, Madurese, and Indonesia languages. Nevertheless, the actors of Janger cannot simply mix language. Appropriateness in applying and mixing languages is a prerequisite for being a successful actor. This article aims to analyze the ways in which actors adopt four languages in their performances. Therefore the relevant approach used is the perspective of orality. This approach leads to the answer that the local languages are the cultural cohesive device between Janger performing art and its audiences. Although using different languages, the three major ethnic groups in Banyuwangi, namely Using, Javanese, and Madurese can together become Janger supporters because symbolically all of them feel become the owner of Janger.

Key words: Janger performing art, cultural cohesive device, local languages.
'Aku Terbakar Amarah Sendirian': Pena Pram di Bawah Regim Soeharto
Authors: Kusumayanti Dina Dyah 
Published: February 2019

This article aims at examining Pramudya Ananta Toer’s Buru Tetralogy. Many literary scholars have studied this tetralogy from the points of view of nationalism, posctolonialism, and feminism. However, this article presupposes that this tetralogy is conscpicuous especially regarding the political nuance of the ruling regime and some political issues encountered by the protagonist, Minke. Sosiology of literature is the approach underpinning the scrutiny of four novels incorporated in the tetralogy. Swingewood’s sociology of literature helps this current research to find any relation between the political and historical background of the novels and detils on the political issues found in them. Results show that some political agendas in the novel have proven equal to some political agendas under the Soeharto regim. Oligopoly and oligarchy in the novels which are practiced by the regim is an instance to this. This paper elucidated the regim’s political decisions and the political events confronted by Minke. Constraint of this research is on its textual examination of Pram’s tetralogy Buru. In order to investigate these literary texts and the historical political moments under Soeharto’s regime, further research on the historical and political events of the regime need to be elucidated and have to refer to the historical and political documents and medias.
Key words: Tetralogy Buru, sociology of literature, historical and political issues, Pramoedya Ananta Toer.
Strategi Komunikasi dalam Kesantunan Berbahasa Komunitas Antarsantri Pondok Pesantren Al-Hikmah Sukoharjo
Authors: Achsani Ferdian , Inderasari Elen 
Published: February 2019

Communication is one of the most important aspects of human life. Communication strategies are important to facilitate the achievement of the objectives and purpose of language speech. The use of language becomes the most important tool in communication must pay attention to the rules of language politeness. The purpose of this study is to describe various communication strategies in the form of language politeness that occur in the Islamic boarding school community.
This research method uses qualitative method because the data is descriptive. Researchers plunged into the field to observe, researchers were students from the Al-Hikmah Islamic boarding school. In collecting data, the researcher uses the technique to see, involve, be competent, record, and record. There are three types of methods in the research stage, namely (1) data collection methods, (2) data analysis methods, and (3) methods for presenting the results of data analysis. Data analysis techniques in this study were carried out in a descriptive qualitative manner with the following steps: (1) collecting verbal data in the form of conversation or dialogue and nonverbal data; (2) record, collect, and select data that has been collected; (3) transcribe data that has been collected; (4) translating findings in regional languages; (5) perform the description and data analysis, and (6) summarize the results of the analysis.
Communication strategy in community-language politeness among students of Al-Hikmah Sukoharjo Islamic Boarding School is not influenced by cultural differences. Cultural culture is not one of the factors causing irregularities in the principle of politeness. there is a politeness in which contains the maxim of wisdom, maxim of generosity, maxim of appreciation, maxim of appreciation, maxim of greed, maxim of agreement, and maxim of sympathy in communication speech acts. This happens because they respect each other's cultural culture, both the culture of East Java culture and the culture of Central Java.

Keyword: communication strategy, politeness principle, santri community
HUBUNGAN USIA BALITA DAN SANITASI FISIK RUMAH DENGAN KEJADIAN ISPA DI DESA TUMAPEL KABUPATEN MOJOKERTO TAHUN 2017
Authors: Putri Maulidiyah Dwi Azti 
Published: February 2019

ARI is a major killer of toddlers the world, more than AIDS, malaria, and measles combined. In the world, every year estimated more than 2 million toddlers died because of ARI (Unicef/WHO, 2006). This research was an observational study with cross sectional design. The population in this research were children was 50 toddlers. Sampling using cluster random sampling technique. The dependent variable was ARI in toddlers in Tumapel Village, Mojokerto District. The independent variables were toddlers characteristics and the physical sanitary home. The methods used to take primary data were interview with questionnaire, observation, and measurement. While secondary data collection was from the device of Tumapel Village, Dlanggu Public Health Center, and the Health Departemen of Mojokerto. This research used logistic regression with confidence interval 0,05 (α = 5%). The result showed there were 2 variables that had significant correlation with ARI, they were age of toddlers (p=0,013) and the physical sanitary home (p=0,015). The results of temperature and humidity measurement were not correlated, moreover, PM2,5measurement in the respondents’ house exceed the limit sets by the Ministry of Health (Permenkes No. 1077 Tahun 2011). The conclusion of this research was age of the toddlers and the physical sanitary home had correlation with ARI. It was recommended to improve toddlers immunity through giving the balance diet and to improve environmental health with closing house ventilation in the day and afternoon so the concentration of PM2,5in the house can be decreased to lower the risk of ARI.
Investigation of the risk and preventive factors for progression of mild cognitive impairment to dementia: a 6-year follow-up study
Authors: Hu Chengping , Wang Ling , Guo Yi , Cao Zhicheng , Lu Ying , Qin Hongyun 
Published: February 2019

Abstract
Background: To investigate the cognition change of mild cognitive impairment (MCI) during a 6-year follow-up, and to evaluate the preventive and risk factors for MCI progression to dementia.
Methods: This cross-sectional study was based on the results of the epidemiological survey in 2011 (No. PKJ2010-Y26). A total of 441 MCI individuals, 60 years and above were involved. Cognitive function was measured by the mini-mental status examination (MMSE), clinical dementia rating (CDR), montreal cognitive assessment (MoCA), and daily living scale (ADL). The association between demographic characteristics and MCI outcomes were evaluated using single-and multi-factor ordered logistic regression analysis models.
Results: Exclusion of the relocated community, the final follow-up rate was 43.8%. Individuals who were older, had more children, not in marriage, and with high income were easily lost to follow-up. Of the 441 MCI, 77 progressed to dementia (MCIp, 17.5%, 95% CI: 14.4-21.6%), 356 remained stable (MCIs, 80.7%, 95% CI: 77.0-88.4%), and 8 reverted to normal cognition (MCIr, 1.8%, 95% CI: 0.6-3.0%) at follow-up in 2017. Diabetes (P=0.047) and past occupations as managers (P=0.028) increased the risk of MCI progression to dementia. While, high education (P=0.006) was the protective factor of MCI progression.
Conclusions: High education, nondiabetic, and past occupation as a technical staff might prevent the progression of MCI to dementia.
Keywords: Mild cognitive impairment; dementia; ordered logistic regression analysis; education; diabetes; past occupation.
Dairesel bir Mikrokanalda SiO2 Nanoakışkanların Isı Transferi ve Basınç Düşümü Karakteristiklerinin İncelenmesi
Authors: ŞAHİN Bayram , BAYRAMİAN Hourieh , MANDEV Emre , MANAY Eyüphan 
Published: February 2019

Endüstriyel
uygulamalarda ısı transferinin artırılması sıkça karşılaşılan ve sürekli
geliştirme ihtiyacı duyulan bir mühendislik problemidir. Son yıllarda ısı
transferi iyileştirmesinde sıklıkla kullanılan bir yöntem de nanoakışkan
kullanımıdır. İş yapan akışkan içerisine nanometre boyutlarında partiküllerin
eklenmesi, akışkanın ısı transferi performansını artıran bir uygulamadır. Bu
çalışmada, sabit ısı akısı sınır şartlarında, 700 µm çapında dairesel bir
mikrokanalda SiO2-saf su nanoakışkanlarının ısıl performansları ve
basınç düşümleri deneysel olarak incelenmiştir. Çalışmada %0.2, %0.4, %0.8 ve
%1.2 hacimsel orandaki nanoakışkanlar, saf suya 15 nm partikül çapında SiO2
nanopartikülleri ilave edilerek hazırlanmıştır. Sıcaklık, debi ve basınç
ölçümleriyle ısı taşınım katsayısı, Nusselt sayısı, basınç düşümü ve sürtünme
faktörü değerleri belirlenmiştir. Ayrıca
ısıl performans ve basınç düşümü analizleri için gerekli olan ısıl iletkenlik
ve viskozite özellikleri deneysel olarak saptanmıştır. Çalışma sonucunda
Nusselt sayısının Reynolds sayısı ve partikülün hacimsel oranındaki artışla
arttığı gözlenmiştir. Nanoakışkan kullanımıyla maksimum ısı transferi artışı Re
= 2160 civarında ve %1.2 hacimsel oranda saf suya göre yaklaşık % 20 civarında
olmuştur. Yüksek Reynolds sayılarında tüm akışkanların sürtünme faktörü
değerleri birbirine çok yakın iken, Reynolds sayısı azaldıkça hacimsel partikül
oranının sürtünme faktörün üzerindeki etkisi daha belirgin hale gelmiştir.
Bütün hacimsel oranlarda nanoakışkanların sürtünme faktörü değerinin saf su
sürtünme faktörü değerinden yüksek olduğu belirlenmiştir.
Simultaneous removal of organic compounds and heavy metals from Tunisian landfill leachate using dairy processing wastes
Authors: Yasmin Cherni , Mariam Kasmi , Lobna Elleuch , Abdelwaheb Chatti , Ismail Trabelsi 
Published: February 2019

Abstract
Landfill leachate production and management are identified as one of the greatest problems of sanitary landfill. In this research paper, the effect of the use of bactofugate (B) and the expired fermented milk ‘Lben’ (L) in the biological treatment of Jebel Chakir leachate was studied. Leachate samples were separately inoculated with both raw and reactivated (B) and (L) samples and incubated at 37 °C over 15 days. Both raw (L) and (B) inoculums ensure better results in terms of organic matter removal than the reactivated samples. However, the best removal performances were obtained with (L) inoculum. The chemical oxygen demand (COD) removal reached 50% with an initial COD concentration of 20.8 g L−1, whereas 80% of ammonia nitrogen (NH3-N) removal was recorded. Furthermore, heavy metal concentrations, especially of Cr3+ and Fe2+, were reduced during the treatment with average removal rates of about 90%. Then, further kinetic investigations were performed using the (L) inoculum with an equipped bioreactor with air incorporation. Important COD removal efficiency (46%) was recorded within only 24 h. Heavy metal concentrations were also reduced during this process. The findings indicate that expired fermented milk could be a promising alternative for the biological pre-treatment of landfill leachate.
Applications of flat sheet ceramic membrane for surface water and seawater treatments – introduction of performance in large-scale drinking water plant and seawater pretreatment pilot system in Singapore
Authors: Noguchi H. , Oo M. H. , Niwa T. , Fong E. , Yin R. , Supaat N. 
Published: February 2019

Abstract
PUB, Singapore's National Water Agency, has been using polymeric UF membrane in drinking water plants to produce high quality water whilst requiring a smaller footprint. Submerged polymeric hollow-fiber membrane has been used since 2003 in Chestnut Avenue Water Works (CAWW). PUB decided to use submerged-type ceramic membranes for enhancement of production capacity at CAWW. The flat-sheet ceramic membrane system was retrofitted into two spare, empty tanks with a combined design capacity of 36,400 m3/d. The system has been successfully put into operation, running at a net flux of 160 L/m2-h (LMH) since June 2017. Membrane integrity testing is automatically carried out once a week to ensure the membranes' integrity. Stable filtrate quality has been achieved with a low turbidity of 0.018 NTU on average. Pretreatment for seawater desalination is another application in which a ceramic membrane system can be operated at higher flux compared to that for polymeric membranes. A pilot scale system was installed at PUB R&D facility in Tuas to investigate sustainable operating flux and permeate quality. FeCl3 was used as a coagulant before ceramic filtration, with a dosage of 4–6 mg/L. It was shown that sustainable flux can be 181–249 LMH in seawater treatment system with flat sheet ceramic membranes. The silt density index and turbidity of permeate were 1.6–2.2 and 0.04–0.10 NTU, respectively, which indicates that the system can produce high quality water for feed of reverse osmosis systems.
Electronic legislative initiative as a Tool to improve Citizens’ Public activity in Cyberspace: Common issues in the BriCs Countries, europe and the russian Federation
Authors: Ivanova K. 
Published: February 2019

Around the world, parliaments, governments, civil society organizations and even individual parliamentarians are taking measures to make the legislative process more participatory. A key instrument of such measures is e-democracy. In the 1980s, a number of pilot projects on electronic voting and online discussions were introduced. However, only since 2000, with the active development of the Internet, has considerable interest in utilizing electronic initiatives to advance democracy emerge. Today, researchers warn that despite all the talk about “e-democracy,” the circle of actual decision makers is likely to remain as small as it has been heretofore. In this article, the author analyzes the pros and cons of electronic initiatives in the BRICS countries, Europe and the Russian Federation, and provides practical information for improvement. The author suggests that the next step needed to improve civil activity in filing legislative initiatives is the application of a regular mechanism to establish the possibility of organizing the process of civil legislative initiative nomination and the collection of signatures in electronic form, in particular via the Internet, with the possible use of crowd sourcing technologies.
Pilot Study of Probiotic Supplementation on Uremic Toxicity and Inflammatory Cytokines in Chronic Kidney Patients
Authors: Roth-Stefanski Cristina T. , Dolenga Carla , Nakao Lia S. , Pecoits-Filho Roberto , de Moraes Thyago P. , Moreno-Amaral Andrea N. 
Published: February 2019

Background:
Bacterial metabolism contributes to the generation of uremic toxins in patients
with chronic kidney disease (CKD). It has been investigated the use of probiotics in the reduction
of uremic toxins intestinal production.

Objective:
The aim of this pilot study was to evaluate the effect of probiotic supplementation on reducing
the production of uremic toxins and the inflammatory profile of CKD patients.

Methods:
We performed a randomized, blind, placebo-controlled, crossover study on patients with
CKD stages 3 and 4. The intervention was a probiotic formulation composed of Lactobacillus
acidophilus strains given orally three times a day for 3 months. Changes in uremic toxins
(p-Cresylsulfate and Indoxyl Sulfate) and serum inflammatory cytokines were the primary endpoints.

Results:
Of the 44 patients randomized, 25 completed the study (mean age 51 ± 9.34, 64% female,
mean eGFR 36 ± 14.26 mL/min/1.73m², mean BMI 28.5 ± 5.75 kg/m²). At 3 months, there were no
significant changes in any of the studied biomarkers including p-cresylsulfate (p = 0.57), Indoxyl sulfate
(p = 0.08) and interleukin-6 (p = 0.55).

Conclusion:
Lactobacillus acidophilus strains given as probiotic were not able to reduce serum levels
of uremic toxins and biomarkers of inflammation in CKD patients in stage 3 and 4.
Preliminary Phytochemical Screening, Evaluation of the Phenolic Compositions and Antioxidant Activities of Four Iranian Alyssum Species
Authors: Golkar Pooran , Fotoohi Ahmad , Frezza Claudio 
Published: February 2019

Background:
Alyssum L. is a genus of herbaceous perennial or annual plants belonging to the
Brassicaceae family. Little is known about biochemical properties of Alyssum species, specially endemics
to Iran. In particular, the species were A. homolocarpum (Fisch. & C.A.Mey.) Boiss., A. lepidotum
Boiss., A. maritimum (L.) Lam. (now syn. of Lobularia maritima (L.) Desv.) and A. simplex Rudolph. and
eight accessions were studied. These diverse species accessions were collected in six different areas.

Materials and Methods:
In this work, the Total Phenolic Content (TPC), the Total Flavonoid Content
(TFD), the Total Flavonol Content (TFL), the Carotenoid content (Car) and the Anthocyanin content
(Ant) of the leaf methanolic extracts of four Alyssum L. species collected in Iran, were assessed. The
antioxidant activity assay for every extract obtained from the eight accessions was also carried out according
to three distinct methodologies including three different methods including: DPPH, Beta carotene/
linoleic acid and phosphomolibdate assays.

Results:
The highest TPC, TFD and TFL values were separately observed in two different accessions of
A. lepidotum whereas the highest carotenoid content was observed in one accession of A. homolocarpum
and the highest anthocyanin content was observed in A. maritimum. Different results were observed
for different methodolies for antioxidant evaluations methods and some of them were found to
have values, expressed in mg/mL, much lower with respect to the control. The least DPPH activity and
the highest total antioxidant activity with phosphomolybdate assay was found in A. lepidotum.

Conclusion:
The preliminary phytochemical screening and the evaluation of their antioxidant activities
were reported here for the first time for Iranian Alyssum species. The findings eventually recommends,
the use of those accessions in the ethnopharmacological and nutraceutical fields.
A Survey of Multistage Interconnection Networks
Authors: Prakash Amit , Yadav Dilip K. , Choubey Arvind 
Published: February 2019

Background:
Multistage interconnection networks are being used in computer and communications.
Multiprocessor architectures for parallel computing exercise these interconnection
networks for connecting various processing elements and transfer data between sub-systems of a
digital system. The vast diversity of the field poses an obstacle to realize different kinds of interconnection
networks and their relationship.

Methods:
This paper consists of an extensive survey of multistage interconnection networks.

Results:
A broad classification of multistage interconnection networks based on network functionality,
reliability and fault tolerance is presented in order to emphasize the important principles which
differentiate the network architectures. For each class of network, significant results are given and
the basic design principles are explained.

Conclusion:
The various multistage interconnection networks design provide high performance,
availability, throughput, lower latency, less power consumption along with improved fault-tolerance
and reliability. However, there is a rising demand for new fault-tolerant and reliable multistage interconnection
networks.
Flow Test for Ground Granulated Blast Furnace Slag-Fly Ash Inorganic Polymer Mix Designed for Pre-Placed Gravel Pavement
Authors: Al-Chaar Ghassan , Landi Matthew 
Published: February 2019

Objective:
For the purpose of inexpensive and accelerated creation of corrosive resistive load bearing environments, the concept of combing pre-placed aggregate construction methods with Inorganic Polymer (IP) binder was explored.

Methods:
In this study the concept of combing pre-placed aggregate construction methods with Inorganic Polymer (IP) binder was explored by using laboratory scale experiments.

Conclusion:
Laboratory scale experiments demonstrate mechanical properties of the constructed bed as well as provide a useful range of component ratios, and ascertain the optimal operating conditions.