bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Improving School Policing Programmes through Strategic Collaboration
Authors: White Shawna R , McKenna Joseph M 
Published: May 2018

Abstract
School–police partnerships that place police officers in K-12 schools are continually forging nationwide, despite a lack of empirical evidence of effectiveness. In response to this trend, we examined the current state of such partnerships, as well as school policing practices in general. We conducted focus groups with educators and school-based law enforcement officers (N = 43) across the state of Texas. Our results revealed five key areas of opportunity for improving collaboration: recognizing the desire for cross-training; knowing who has authority when; nurturing the ‘serve’ component of school policing; gaining community support; and the need for strategic documentation. The present study serves a larger purpose, which is to inform the development of a strategic framework to guide school policing programme implementation. All results indicate a need for and potential positive impact of such a framework to enhance school–police collaboration and thereby improve school policing outcomes.
Measuring Transcutaneous Oxygenation to Validate the Duration Required to Achieve Electrode Equilibration
Authors: Chiang Nathaniel , Jain Jitendra K. , Sleigh Jamie , Vasudevan Thodur 
Published: May 2018

ABSTRACT

OBJECTIVE:
The transcutaneous oxygenation measurement (TCOM) system is useful in assessing tissue viability. There are no clear recommendations regarding the duration required for the electrode to equilibrate and reliably evaluate tissue oxygenation values. The objective of this study was to validate the duration required to achieve electrode equilibration in a clinical setting.

METHODS:
Minute-by-minute recordings using TCOM (TCOM3; Radiometer Medical ApS, Brønshøj, Copenhagen) were obtained for 82 limbs in 50 participants. Twenty-five limbs were in patients with peripheral vascular disease; 30 were in patients with no known peripheral vascular disease; and 27 were in healthy volunteers. Transcutaneous partial pressure of oxygen and carbon dioxide (TcPo
2 and TcPco
2) were recorded over a 15-minute period.

RESULTS:
Participants’ TcPo
2 decreased and TcPco
2 increased over time. Both changed in a nonlinear fashion, eventually settling at an “equilibrium” where the measurements became stable. The difference in proportional change of TcPo
2 between minutes 14 and 15 was 0.8%, and for TcPco
2was 2.9%. Changes in TCOM measurements over time were similar among the 3 groups.

CONCLUSIONS:
This is the first study to target minute-by-minute variation in TcPo
2 and TcPco
2 measurements. Recording for a minimum of 15 minutes allows a reliable period for the TCOM electrode to equilibrate to record absolute values and determine wound healing potential.
Prevalence and Analysis of Medical Device-Related Pressure Injuries: Results from the International Pressure Ulcer Prevalence Survey
Authors: Kayser Susan A. , VanGilder Catherine A. , Ayello Elizabeth A. , Lachenbruch Charlie 
Published: May 2018

ABSTRACT

OBJECTIVE:
To examine the prevalence and characteristics of medical device–related pressure injuries (MDR PIs) in a large, generalizable database.

METHODS:
This study is a retrospective analysis of the 2016 International Pressure Ulcer Prevalence data. Data were limited to US and Canadian facilities. Facilities included acute care, long-term care, rehabilitation, long-term acute care hospitals, and hospice. Analysis included 102,865 adult patients; 99,876 had complete data and were the focus of the analysis and are reported in the results below.

RESULTS:
The overall PI prevalence was 7.2% (n = 7189), and the facility-acquired prevalence was 3.1% (n = 3113). The prevalence of MDR PIs was 0.60% (n = 601), which included both mucosal and nonmucosal MDR PIs. In this study, 75% of MDR PIs were facility acquired, whereas non-MDR PIs were most commonly present on admission. Facility-acquired MDR PIs formed 3 days faster than facility-acquired non-MDR PIs (12 vs 15 days; P < .05). By stage, most MDR PIs were superficial (58% were Stage 1 or 2), 15% were deep-tissue PIs, and 22% were full-thickness PIs (Stage 3 or 4 or unstageable). The most common anatomic locations for MDR PIs were the ears (29%) and the feet (12%). The most common devices associated with MDR PIs were nasal oxygen tubes, 26%; other, 19%; cast/splints, 12%; and continuous positive airway pressure/bilevel positive airway pressure masks, 9%.

CONCLUSIONS:
Because MDR PIs form faster than non-MDR PIs, timely proactive assessment and prevention measures are critical. Most MDR PIs occurred at the face and head region, and the ears specifically. The most common devices linked with MDR PIs were oxygen tubing and masks, making assessment and prevention efforts critical for patients who require those devices.
Comparison of Tracheal Intubation Conditions in Operating Room and Intensive Care Unit
Authors: Taboada Manuel , Doldan Patricia , Calvo Andrea , Almeida Xavier , Ferreiroa Esteban , Baluja Aurora , Cariñena Agustin , Otero Paula , Caruezo Valentin , Naveira Alberto , Otero Pablo , Alvarez Julian 
Published: May 2018

Abstract

What We Already Know about This Topic

What This Article Tells Us That Is New

Background
Tracheal intubation is a common intervention in the operating room and in the intensive care unit. The authors hypothesized that tracheal intubation using direct laryngoscopy would be associated with worse intubation conditions and more complications in the intensive care unit compared with the operating room.

Methods
The authors prospectively evaluated during 33 months patients who were tracheally intubated with direct laryngoscopy in the operating room, and subsequently in the intensive care unit (within a 1-month time frame). The primary outcome was to compare the difference in glottic visualization using the modified Cormack-Lehane grade between intubations performed on the same patient in an intensive care unit and previously in an operating room. Secondary outcomes were to compare first-time success rate, technical difficulty (number of attempts, operator-reported difficulty, need for adjuncts), and the incidence of complications.

Results
A total of 208 patients met inclusion criteria. Tracheal intubations in the intensive care unit were associated with worse glottic visualization (Cormack-Lehane grade I/IIa/IIb/III/IV: 116/24/47/19/2) compared with the operating room (Cormack-Lehane grade I/IIa/IIb/III/IV: 159/21/16/12/0; P < 0.001). First-time intubation success rate was lower in the intensive care unit (185/208; 89%) compared with the operating room (201/208; 97%; P = 0.002). Tracheal intubations in the intensive care unit had an increased incidence of moderate and difficult intubation (33/208 [16%] vs. 18/208 [9%]; P < 0.001), and need for adjuncts to direct laryngoscopy (40/208 [19%] vs. 21/208 [10%]; P = 0.002), compared with the operating room. Complications were more common during tracheal intubations in the intensive care unit (76/208; 37%) compared with the operating room (13/208; 6%; P < 0.001).

Conclusions
Compared with the operating room, tracheal intubations in the intensive care unit were associated with worse intubation conditions and an increase of complications.
Optimal Treatment of Osteofibrous Dysplasia of the Tibia
Authors: Park Jong Woong , Lee Cheol , Han Ilkyu , Cho Hwan-Seong , Kim Han-Soo 
Published: May 2018

Background:
Our study of a large patient group reports on the behavior and postoperative recurrence of osteofibrous dysplasia (OFD).

Methods:
We reviewed the medical records of 55 patients who were diagnosed with OFD of the tibia and showed typical features of this tumor. The patients’ presentation, disease course, history of pathologic fracture, typical radiographic features, surgical treatment history, and surgical results were investigated.

Results:
The longitudinal OFD lesion size peaks at a mean 13.3 years of age with a mean maximum proportionate size of 0.33. These lesions in 92% of the patients spontaneously presented with a stable disease course, while those in the other 8% continued increasing. There were no significant predictive factors of disease course. Among surgically treated lesions, we noted a higher rate of recurrence after curettage than after excision (P<0.001). Patients who underwent curettage and developed recurrence were significantly younger than those who did not (P=0.01).

Conclusions:
Our data suggest that observation can be the primary form of treatment for patients with OFD and that the disease would stop advancing with time. During observation, clinicians should carefully observe all patients with OFD because the relation between OFD and adamantinoma is unclear. If surgery is necessary due to severe morbidity, we recommend excision rather than curettage to prevent recurrence, especially for younger patients.

Level of Evidence:
Level III.
Suture Anchor Repair of Quadriceps Tendon and Patellar Tendon Ruptures
Authors: Huleatt Joel , Gebrelul Aaron , Premkumar Ajay , Xerogeanes John 
Published: May 2018

Purpose:
To document patient-reported function, range of motion (ROM), and failure rate of a surgical technique for repairing quadriceps tendon (QT) and patellar tendon (PT) ruptures with suture anchors.

Methods:
Consecutive patients 18 years of age or older who had isolated QT or PT ruptures treated with suture anchor repair between 2004 and 2014 were identified. Patients were included if preoperative and minimum 6-month postoperative International Knee Documentation Committee (IKDC) scores and/or minimum 8-week postoperative ROM had been collected. The effects of patient age, interval between injury and surgery, and length of follow-up period on postoperative IKDC scores were analyzed with Pearson correlation.

Results:
QT repair was performed in 36 patients with a mean postoperative IKDC score of 66.9 and mean ROM of 0 to 116 degrees. PT repair was performed in 27 patients with a mean postoperative IKDC score of 64.4 and mean ROM of 0 to 117 degrees. The failure rate of the 63 suture anchor repairs was 4.8%. There was no significant correlation between IKDC score and either increasing age (r=−0.23, P=0.15), increasing interval between injury and surgery (r=0.12, P=0.46) or length of follow-up period (r=0.07, P=0.67). No significant difference in IKDC score was found between knot-tied and knotless suture anchor repairs (P=0.4).

Conclusions:
Suture anchor repair of QT and PT ruptures results in full active extension and a low failure rate, but IKDC scores indicate continued functional deficits in most patients.

Level of Evidence:
Level IV—therapeutic.
Criteria to Identify a Potential Deceased Organ Donor: A Systematic Review
Authors: Squires Janet E. , Coughlin Mary , Dorrance Kristin , Linklater Stefanie , Chassé Michaël , Grimshaw Jeremy M. , Shemie Sam D. , Dhanani Sonny , Knoll Gregory A. 
Published: May 2018

Objectives:
To systematically review the global published literature defining a potential deceased organ donor and identifying clinical triggers for deceased organ donation identification and referral.

Data Sources:
Medline and Embase databases from January 2006 to September 2017.

Study Selection:
All published studies containing a definition of a potential deceased organ donor and/or clinical triggers for referring a potential deceased organ donor were eligible for inclusion. Dual, independent screening was conducted of 3,857 citations.

Data Extraction:
Data extraction was completed by one team member and verified by a second team member. Thematic content analysis was used to identify clinical criteria for potential deceased organ donation identification from the published definitions and clinical triggers.

Data Synthesis:
One hundred twenty-four articles were included in the review. Criteria fell into four categories: Neurological, Medical Decision, Cardiorespiratory, and Administrative. Distinct and globally consistent sets of clinical criteria by type of deceased organ donation (neurologic death determination, controlled donation after circulatory determination of death, and uncontrolled donation after circulatory determination of death) are reported.

Conclusions:
Use of the clinical criteria sets reported will reduce ambiguity associated with the deceased organ donor identification and the subsequent referral process, potentially reducing the number of missed donors and saving lives globally through increased transplantation.
The Utility of Diagnostic Laparoscopy in Patients Being Evaluated for Cytoreductive Surgery and Hyperthermic Peritoneal Chemotherapy
Authors: Bravo Raquel , Jafari Mehnareh D. , Pigazzi Alessio 
Published: May 2018

Background:
To assess the role of diagnostic laparoscopy (DL) to evaluate candidates for optimal cytoreduction surgery of peritoneal carcinomatosis (PC) combined with hyperthermic intraperitoneal chemotherapy in a consecutive series.

Methods:
The characteristics of 31 patients undergoing DL between August 2012 and October 2016 for a diagnosis of PC secondary to digestive neoplasms were retrospectively reviewed.

Results:
Laparoscopic evaluation was successful and well-tolerated in 100% patients (N=31). In 17 patients (54.8%) the PC was deemed unresectable. A cytoreductive surgery plus hyperthermic intraperitoneal chemotherapy was performed in 10 of 12 patients with PC considered resectable at laparoscopy wity a positive predictive value of 83.3%. One patient was diagnosed with more extensive disease than that as assessed by the DL at the time of laparotomy and 1 patient elected not to have further surgery. There were no port-site recurrences and morbidity at mean follow-up of 19.3 months.

Conclusions:
Laparoscopic assessment of PC is a useful tool to assess the complete resectability of peritoneal surface disease in patients for whom there is inadequate information concerning disease extent. DL also helps selected patients to avoid an unnecessary laparotomy.
A Phase II Study of Celecoxib With Irinotecan, 5-Fluorouracil, and Leucovorin in Patients With Previously Untreated Advanced or Metastatic Colorectal Cancer
Authors: Chen Emerson Y. , Blanke Charles D. , Haller Daniel G. , Benson Al B. , Dragovich Tomislav , Lenz Heinz-Josef , Robles Carlos , Li Hong , Mori Motomi , Mattek Nora , Sanborn Rachel E. , Lopez Charles D. 
Published: May 2018

Objective:
Colorectal cancer (CRC) is the second leading cause of cancer death in the United States. Cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) overexpression is associated with increased tumor invasiveness and proliferation in CRC, and COX-2 inhibition has demonstrated chemopreventive activity. This study investigated the addition of celecoxib, a selective COX-2 inhibitor, to the irinotecan, 5-fluorouracil, and leucovorin (IFL) regimen for patients with previously untreated metastatic CRC.

Patients and Methods:
Forty-seven patients enrolled in this single-arm phase II study received celecoxib at 400 mg orally twice daily in combination with weekly irinotecan (125 mg/m2), 5-fluorouracil (500 mg/m2), and leucovorin (20 mg/m2) for 4 weeks every 6 weeks. The primary endpoint was response rate (RR) as measured by Response Evaluation Criteria in Solid Tumors. The protocol was amended midway to additionally exclude patients with Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group performance status 2 and require all patients with specific cardiovascular risk factors to take daily aspirin (81 mg).

Results:
The objective RR was 31.9% (95% confidence interval [CI], 19%-47%). Median progression-free survival was 8.7 months (95% CI, 5.8-10.6), and the median overall survival was 19.7 months (95% CI, 15.4-22.8). All cardiac events were observed before protocol modification. The median overall survival before and after protocol modification was 11.4 versus 24.2 months, respectively (P<0.0001); tumor RR and progression-free survival were not statistically different before or after protocol modification. The trial was halted after an interim analysis demonstrated that the primary endpoint would not be met.

Conclusions:
Celecoxib plus IFL chemotherapy for patients with metastatic CRC is tolerable, but does not appear to increase the efficacy of IFL.
Twenty years of adverse drug reactions: a look back – part 1
Authors: Ferner Robin E. , Anton Christopher 
Published: May 2018

Summary
After 20 years, Robin Ferner and Christopher Anton, who took on responsibility for the Adverse Drug Reaction Bulletin from its founder Professor Dai Davies, are handing over responsibility to Professor Kim Dalhoff and his colleague Dr Jon Andersen in Copenhagen. They take the opportunity to review some interesting, important, or unusual adverse drug reactions (ADRs) encountered over the last 20 years.
The effects of mindfulness and relaxation training for insomnia (MRTI) on postmenopausal women: a pilot study
Authors: Garcia Marcelo C. , Kozasa Elisa H. , Tufik Sergio , Mello Luiz Eugênio A. M. , Hachul Helena 
Published: May 2018

Abstract

Objective:
The aim of the study was to evaluate the effects of mindfulness and relaxation training for insomnia on insomnia and quality of life in postmenopausal women.

Methods:
Thirty postmenopausal women aged 50 to 65 years, who were not using hormone therapy, and had a diagnosis of insomnia and an apnea–hypopnea index of less than 15, were randomly assigned to two groups: a mindfulness intervention group and a control group. They were assessed before the intervention, and 8 weeks after its completion using questionnaires assessing sleep quality (Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index), insomnia (Insomnia Severity Index), quality of life in menopause (Menopause-Specific Quality of Life), menopausal symptoms (Kupperman Menopausal Index), and level of attention (Mindfulness Awareness Attention Scale). They were also assessed through ambulatory polysomnography. This is a pilot study and is limited by its small sample size.

Results:
The results of the questionnaires showed significant differences in the group that received mindfulness training compared with the control group, namely, improvements in sleep quality, a reduction in the severity of insomnia, a better quality of life, improved attention levels, and a reduction in menopausal and vasomotor symptoms. Polysomnography results showed no differences between the groups.

Conclusions:
Eight weeks mindfulness meditation training improved sleep quality, quality of life, attention levels, and reduced vasomotor symptoms in postmenopausal women with insomnia.
Physical performance in relation to menopause status and physical activity
Authors: Bondarev Dmitriy , Laakkonen Eija K. , Finni Taija , Kokko Katja , Kujala Urho M. , Aukee Pauliina , Kovanen Vuokko , Sipilä Sarianna 
Published: May 2018

Abstract

Objective:
The aim of this study was to examine differences in physical performance (muscle power, muscle strength, aerobic capacity, and walking speed) across menopausal stages and potential of leisure physical activity (PA) to modify the impact of menopause on physical performance.

Methods:
In this cross-sectional study, women aged 47 to 55 were randomly selected from the Finnish National Registry and categorized as premenopausal (n = 233), perimenopausal (n = 381), or postmenopausal (n = 299) based on serum concentrations of follicle-stimulating hormone and bleeding diary. Physical performance was measured by knee extension force, handgrip force, vertical jumping height, maximal walking speed, and 6-minute walking distance. PA level was assessed by self-report and categorized as low, moderate, or high. Multivariate linear regression modeling was used for data analysis.

Results:
After including fat mass, height, PA, and education in the model, the postmenopausal women showed 12.0 N weaker (P < 0.001) handgrip force and 1.1 cm lower (P < 0.001) vertical jumping height than the premenopausal women. There was no significant interaction between menopausal stage and PA on physical performance. The peri- and postmenopausal women with a high PA, however, showed better performance in the maximal knee extension strength and 6-minute walking test, and showed greater lower body muscle power than those with a low PA.

Conclusions:
Menopause status is associated with muscle strength and power, whereas the association between menopause status and mobility/walking is clearly weaker. A high leisure PA level provides more capacity to counteract the potential negative influence of menopausal factors on muscle function.
Chest Wall Reconstruction with Porcine Acellular Dermal Matrix (Strattice) and Autologous Tissue Transfer for High Risk Patients with Chest Wall Tumors
Authors: Khalil Haitham H. , Kalkat Maninder , Malahias Marco N. , Rhobaye Saif , Ashour Tarek , Djearaman Madava G. , Naidu Babu 
Published: May 2018

Background:
Tenets of chest wall reconstruction for malignancy are well known; however, the insertion of synthetic prosthetic material to achieve rigid and nonrigid skeletal reconstruction could be associated with more complications including infection and extrusion especially in high risk patients. This includes fungating, infected tumors, previous radiotherapy, scars, smoking, diabetes, and morbid obesity. Bioprosthesis Acelluar Dermal Matrix Strattice would be a substitute to resist infection and provide stable coverage.

Methods:
A retrospective data analysis study on 8 high-risk patients who underwent chest wall resection and reconstruction with bioprosthesis (Strattice) with/without titanium plates in the period between 2012 and 2017 was performed. Patient’s demographics, risk factors, clinico-pathological, radiological, operative details, adjuvant therapy, postoperative morbidity, and follow-up data were recorded.

Results:
Sarcoma was the pathology in 7 and recurrent breast cancer in 1 with age range from 21 to 71 years (mean, 50) and preponderance of female patients (n = 5). Defects were located anterior/anterolateral with size ranging from 270 to 1,050 cm2 (mean, 511). Reconstruction was performed using Strattice only in 4 patients, whereas in 4 it was combined with titanium plates. All patients required flap reconstruction (3 pedicled and 5 free). The follow-up ranged from 9 to 52 months (mean, 24.8). Minor complications occurred in 2 patients; however, good functional outcome was achieved in all.

Conclusion:
Strattice would act as a safe alternative modality for chest wall reconstruction to resist infection in high-risk patients with extensive defects. It should be considered as a valuable tool in the armamentarium of chest wall reconstruction.
Irreducible Dislocations of the Proximal Interphalangeal Joint: Algorithm for Open Reduction and Soft-tissue Repair
Authors: Frueh Florian S. , Vogel Philippe , Honigmann Philipp 
Published: May 2018

Summary:
The “jammed finger” is among the most common hand injuries and may include simple sprains, dislocations, fractures, and fracture-dislocations. In contrast, irreducible dislocations of the proximal interphalangeal joint are rare injuries. However, they must not be overlooked in the primary assessment, because persistent subluxation may lead to joint contracture, severely compromising hand function. Irreducible dislocations are challenging injuries with interposed soft tissues, preventing closed reduction. Thorough preoperative diagnosis and soft-tissue imaging guide the approach to open reduction and repair of injured periarticular structures. We introduce a systematic algorithm with considerations on classification and management of irreducible proximal interphalangeal joint dislocations. The algorithm is useful for the primary assessment and for hand surgeons responsible for open reduction and rehabilitation.