bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Gender Analysis of Women Farmers (Case Study of Corn Farmers in Tigabinanga District Tigabinanga Subdistrict Karo)
Authors: Daulay Harmona , S Meliala Winda , Humaizi Humaizi 
Published: September 2019

The study aims to find out and analyze how gender equality of women farmers in improving the family economy and to know and analyze gender inequality of female farmers in improving the family economy. The type of research used in this research is descriptive research with a qualitative approach. Data collection techniques in this study used primary data (interviews, observation, documentation) and secondary data obtained through the literature. The source of the information were 10 women farmers in Tigabinanga Village and 1 districts employee as a complement. The results of this study indicate that women in Tigabinanga Village, Tigabinanga Subdistrict, Karo Regency work outside the house from morning to evening to meet family needs to ease the burden on their husbands. Farmers in the village of Tigabinanga are very active and independent in agriculture, apart from working outside.
Implementation of Notary Prudence Principle in the Cooperative’s Deed of Establishment
Authors: Saputra Gede Wiyadhi Darma , Rodliyah Rodliyah , Pria Suhartana Lalu Wira 
Published: September 2019

Notary has important role, especially in civil law by authority to make authentic deeds and other authorities. The notary need to be cautious and has the right or obligation to explore and extract information so the deed is perfect. In Cooperative establishment, authentic deed made by a notary, has power as a perfect evidence. However, when the authentic deed is made without prudence, chance that legal problem will arise in the future. We want to know, how is the prudence principle implemented in the cooperative’s deed of establishment in Indonesia and what is the legal consequences faced by notary when violating the prudence principle in making cooperative’s deed of establishment. We conducted a qualitative research through literature which resuted Indonesian law requires a notary to apply the prudence principle in carrying out position, such as identify the cooperative founder, checking object of the deed, giving a grace period in the working out, conduct counseling and coaching to prospective members before the cooperative deed is made. When a Notary is proven to have committed violation in carrying out duties and positions, they may be subject to criminal, civil, and administrative sanctions. The notary may be sued for reimbursement, compensation and interest, when neglegance, which lead the deed they made only has the power of proof or as a private deed, cancelation, or having legal defect so the deed loses its authenticity and is detrimental to the parties concerned.
BOARDING TIME AND PATIENT SATISFACTION AT THE EMERGENCY DEPARTMENT
Authors: Hasanah Uswatun , Firdausi Nurul Jannatul 
Published: September 2019

Background: Delays of inpatient transfer from the Emergency Department (ED) will affect delayed care, overcrowd at ED, and patient’s disappointment. Such patient transfer delay from the Emergency Departement (ED) also occurs at Haji General Hospital, Surabaya.Aims: This study analyzed the relationship between inpatient boarding time from Emergency Departement (ED) and patient satisfaction at Haji General Hospital, Surabaya.Methods: This was an observational research using a cross-sectional approach. The population was 980 ED patients who decided to be hospitalized. Out of 980 ED patients, the study only involved 83 respondents selected by simple random sampling. The instruments used were observational sheet and questionnaires to collect data which were then analyzed with a chi-square test.Results: Average boarding time was 142 minutes 25 seconds (minimum = 60 minutes; maximum = 290 minutes). Almost all respondents (81.3%) were satisfied about fast boarding time. Inpatient boarding time at the Emergency Departement (ED) was significantly related to patient satisfaction (p = 0.058 <α = 0.1). The faster inpatients move to ED, the more satisfied they are.Conclusion: The average patient boarding time from the Emergency Departement (ED) to Inpatient Unit was slow. Respondents were satisfied with the quality of services even though patient boarding time was slow. The hospital should pay more attention to evaluate the minimal standard of boarding time, ensure the availability of beds, and improve the quality of facilities and services to enhance patient satisfaction. Keywords: Boarding time, Emergency Department, Inpatient, Satisfaction.
Perbandingan Metode Penentuan Kadar Permanganat dalam Air Kran Secara Titrimetri dan Spektrofotometri UV-Vis
Authors: Kurniawati Puji , Alfanah Hanik 
Published: September 2019

Telah dilakukan perbandingan metode penentuan kadar permanganat dalam air kran secara titrimetri dan spektrofotometri UV-Vis. Perbandingan ini dilakukan yang bertujuan untuk membandingkan metode titrasi dengan spektrofotmetri untuk penentuan kadar permanganat serta dapat menentukan kadar permanganat dalam air kran secara titrasi dan spektrofotometri UV-Vis. Absorbansi sampel air kran diukur dengan spektrofotometer UV-Vis pada panjang gelombang maksimum 526 nm dan nilai kadar permanganat dihitung berdasarkan absorbansi data dan setara mol asam oksalat dengan kalium permanganat. Hasil penelitian uji kuantitatif hasil yang diperoleh menunjukkan bahwa nilai kadar permanganat dengan metode titrasi serbesar adalah 0,5724 mg/L dengan nilai % Recovery sebesar 93,19% sedangkan dengan metode spektrofotmetri diperoleh konsentrasi 0,1417 mg/L dengan % Recovery sebesar 88,40%. Hasil ini menunjukkan bahwa keduanya keduanya merupakan metode yang sama baik dalam menentukan nilai permanganat.Kata kunci : Permanganat, recovery, signifikan, titrimetri
Verifikasi Metode Penentuan Kadar Timbal (Pb) pada Sampel Udara Ambien Menggunakan Inductifely Coupled Plasma-Optical Emission Spectroscopy (ICP-OES)
Authors: Afifah Zulfa , Kurniyawan Kurniyawan , Huda Thorikul 
Published: September 2019

Telah dilakukan analisa uji logam timbal (Pb) pada udara ambien yang mengacu pada SNI 7119-4:2017 menggunakan Inductifely Coupled Plasma-Optical Emission Spectroscopy (ICP-OES). Verifikasi metode ini untuk mengetahui nilai linieritas, presisi, akurasi, dan limit deteksi, serta mengetahui kadar timbal (Pb) dalam udara ambien. Hasil pengujian kadar logam timbal (Pb) diperoleh hasil yaitu 0,1840 µg/Nm3. Hasil tersebut menunjukkan bahwa udara ambien aman untuk lingkungan, karena dibawah ambang batas yang ditetapkan Peraturan Pemerintah Republik Indonesia No. 41 Tahun 1999. Verifikasi metode udara ambien diperoleh hasil yang baik dengan linieritas 0,999; presisi low range 2,71% dan high range 7,32%; akurasi yang tinggi berdasarkan nilai %trueness low range 100,74% dan high range 104,95% serta limit deteksi IDL, MDL, dan LoQ yaitu 0,0001 µg/Nm3; 0,0012 µg/Nm3; dan 0,0042 µg/Nm3.
A prescrição regulada pela lei penal no campo da improbidade administrativa e uma perspectiva a partir da teoria dos jogos.
Authors: Nascimento Fábio Macedo , De Aguiar Júlio César 
Published: September 2019

O artigo 23, no seu inciso II, da Lei nº 8.429/92, adotou, como prazo prescricional relativo às ações de improbidade em face de agentes públicos efetivos, o tratamento dispensado por lei específica para faltas disciplinares puníveis com demissão a bem do serviço público, a qual, por sua vez, no caso de o ato ímprobo também ser capitulado como crime, remete-se à lei penal. É justamente este processo integrativo em tema tão sensível quanto à prescrição que o presente artigo pretende abordar, buscando basicamente definir se as intempéries da jurisdição criminal condicionam, ou não, o exercício da jurisdição civil, tecendo-se, por fim, uma análise a partir da teoria dos jogos.
Effect of Rhizome Type to Viability, Growth, and Productivity of Three Turmeric Varieties
Authors: Meilawati Nur Laela Wahyuni , Melati NFN , Rusmin Devi 
Published: September 2019

<p class="A05abstrak1">Turmeric development to fulfil market demand as raw material for herbal industry requires qualified planting material in adequate quantities. This study aimed to evaluate the effect of varieties and seeds type of turmeric to the seeds efficiency, seeds viability, plant performance and rhizome yield. This experiment was conducted at the greenhouse of Indonesian Spices and Medicinal Crops Research Institute (ISMCRI), Bogor and Cicurug Research Installation, Sukabumi from November 2016 to July 2017. The study was arranged in split plot with 3 replications. The main plot was three varieties of turmeric: Curdonia, Turina 2 and Turina 3. The subplot was eight types of seeds-rhizome: (a) single finger rhizome, (b) finger rhizome with one branch, (c) finger rhizome with &gt;1 branches, (d) mother rhizome split 2 horizontally, (e) mother rhizome split 2 vertically, (f) mother rhizome split 4 horizontally, (g) mother rhizome split 4 vertically and (h) whole mother rhizome. Parameters measured were seeds viability, growth and rhizomes yield. Seeds efficiency of Curdonia and Turina 2 can be achieved by using finger rhizome of about 0.49 t.ha-1 for both varieties, rhizome yields of 6.63 t.ha-1 and 11.45 t.ha-1 respectively. Another alternative were the use of 0.47 t.ha-1 mother rhizome split 4 vertically, yielding 9.65 t.ha-1 and 14.20 t.ha-1 fresh rhizome for Curdonia and Turina 2 varieties, consecutively. However, for Turina 3 variety, the seeds efficiency was shown by using mother rhizome split 4 horizontally of 0.66 t.ha1 and yielding fresh rhizome of 17.44 t.ha-1. </p>
The Potency Of Extract Tegining Ganang Leaf (Cassia Planisiqua Burm.f.) As Analgesic On Mice (Mus musculus L.) By Chemical And Hot Plate Induction Method
Authors: Sianturi Sister , Febriani Amelia , Syariifatul Rahmi , Satrana Desy 
Published: September 2019

<em>Tegining ganang (</em>Cassia planisiliqua<em>) is an indigenous plant of Lombok, West Nusa Tenggara which has potentials to treat various diseases. Previous research showed that the plant has analgesic activity, but the results were still less satisfactory due to the low analgesic effectiveness (&lt;50 %). This study aimed to examine the analgesic potential of tegining ganang leaf extract through chemical induction and hot plate induction methods. In vivo testing was conducted on male mice using those two methods to evaluate plant effectiveness as both a central and peripheral analgesic. Tegining ganang leaves collected from the village of Peresak, West Lombok, West Nusa Tenggara Province, were extracted in ethanol 70%. The treatments were extract dosages, viz. 200, 400, 800 mg.kg<sup>-1</sup> body weight (BW) of mice. The positive control treatments for the chemical induction and hot plate induction methods were Acetosal and Tramadol</em><em>, respectively. Meanwhile, the negative control treatment was Na CMC at 0.5%. The analgesic effectiveness of the extract in both chemical and hot plate induction methods was 50 %. The optimum effectiveness for chemical induction was at 800 mg.kg<sup>-1</sup> body weight, whereas for hot plate induction was at 200 mg.kg<sup>-1 </sup>body weight. The results indicated that the ethanol extract of tegining ganang leaves was potential to be developed as an analgesic material.</em>
Combining Preformed Particle Gel and Curable Resin-Coated Particles To Control Water Production from High-Temperature and High-Salinity Fractured Producers
Authors: Sun Lin , Li Daibo , Pu Wanfen , Li Liang , Bai Baojun , Han Qi , Zhang Yongchang , Tang Ximing 
Published: September 2019

SummaryPreformed-particle-gel (PPG) treatments have been successfully used in injection wells to reduce excessive water production from high-temperature, high-salinity fractured reservoirs. However, PPG itself cannot be used in fractured producers because it tends to wash out after the wells resume production. Therefore, we proposed to combine curable resin-coated particles (CRPs) with PPG to control water production from fractured producers. In this paper, millimeter-sized tubes and fractured carbonate cores were designed to comprehensively investigate water-plugging behaviors of the combined system under the conditions of various fracture parameters and PPG/CRP sizes. Particular attention was given to control the PPG washout after production was resumed. The results showed the cured CRPs could generate immobile packs in fractures and dramatically mitigate the PPG washout. The small size of the CRPs and the small ratio of CRP size to tube diameter contributed low permeability and homogeneity to CRP packs. Meanwhile, the less-permeable and more-homogeneous CRP pack, as well as the larger-sized PPGs, contributed to a higher PPG breakthrough pressure gradient. Moreover, some of the PPG particles blocked in the CRP packs could be released through high-speed brine injection from producers, which indicated the recoverability of the water plugging. This study provides a promising approach to reduce the high-water-cut problem in fractured producers.
Transcriptome-wide m6A detection with DART-Seq
Authors: Meyer Kate D. 
Published: September 2019

Abstract
m6A is the most abundant internal mRNA modification and plays diverse roles in gene expression regulation. Much of our current knowledge about m6A has been driven by recent advances in the ability to detect this mark transcriptome-wide. Antibody-based approaches have been the method of choice for global m6A mapping studies. These methods rely on m6A antibodies to immunoprecipitate methylated RNAs, followed by next-generation sequencing to identify m6A-containing transcripts1,2. While these methods enabled the first identification of m6A sites transcriptome-wide and have dramatically improved our ability to study m6A, they suffer from several limitations. These include requirements for high amounts of input RNA, costly and time-consuming library preparation, high variability across studies, and m6A antibody cross-reactivity with other modifications. Here, we describe DART-Seq (deamination adjacent to RNA modification targets), an antibody-free method for global m6A detection. In DART-Seq, the C to U deaminating enzyme, APOBEC1, is fused to the m6A-binding YTH domain. This fusion protein is then introduced to cellular RNA either through overexpression in cells or with in vitro assays, and subsequent deamination of m6A-adjacent cytidines is then detected by RNA sequencing to identify m6A sites. DART-Seq can successfully map m6A sites throughout the transcriptome using as little as 10 nanograms of total cellular RNA, and it is compatible with any standard RNA-seq library preparation method.
Can the anatomy of abnormal flowers elucidate relationships of the androecial members in the ginger (Zingiberaceae)?
Authors: Xiumei Li , Tian Fan , Pu Zou , Wenhu Zhang , Xiuju Wu , Yixin Zhang , LIAO JINGPING 
Published: September 2019

Abstract
Background Interpretation of the floral structure of Zingiberaceae has long concentrated on the relationships of the androecial members. It has been suggested that the labellum is composed of two structures rather than three or five, and the glands are not only the epidermis of the ovary but are similar to nectaries. Results Serial sections were used to observe the vasculature of normal and two-staminate flowers in Alpinia intermedia ‘shengzhen’. Floral diagrams were drawn to interpret the morphological category of the floral organs and the relationships of the androecial members. Androecial vascular bundles were associated with carpellary dorsal bundles (CDBs) and parietal bundles (PBs) in a Zingiberales phylogeny setting using ancestral state reconstruction. Anatomical observations demonstrate that the fertile stamen(s) incorporate parietal strands both in normal and two-staminate flowers. The three appendages represent the three members of the outer whorl of the androecium while the labellum represents the inner whorl of the androecium in the two-staminate flower. Reconstruction of the origin of the vascular system in the androecium suggests that the outer whorl of androecium receives its vascular supply from the CDBs and the inner whorl of androecium receives from the PBs in both the basal banana group and the more derived ginger clade. Conclusions The present study adds to a growing body of literature suggesting that anatomy of abnormal flowers may not provide enough evidence for elucidating the relationships of the androecial members. Abnormal flowers are diverse in the Zingiberaceae and may derive from different types of mutations.
Hydrogen sulfide induced by hydrogen peroxide mediates darkness-induced stomatal closure in Arabidopsis thaliana
Authors: Ma Yinli , Shao Luhan , Niu Jiao 
Published: September 2019

Abstract
Background Whether hydrogen sulfide (H2S) mediates darkness-induced stomatal closure in A. thaliana is unknown, and the interaction between H2S and hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) in the process needs to be elucidated. Results Our results indicated that H2S modulators hypotaurine (HT), aminooxy acetic acid (AOA), hydroxylamine (NH2OH) and potassium pyruvate (N3H3KO3)+ammonia (NH3) all inhibited darkness-induced stomatal closure, H2S generation and L-/D-cysteine desulfhydras (L-/D-CDes) activity increase in wild-type A. thaliana leaves. Darkness induced stomatal closure in wild-type plants, but failed in Atl-cdes and Atd-cdes mutants. Additionally, H2S content and L-/D-CDes activity were significantly decreased after application with H2O2 modulators ascorbic acid (ASA), catalase (CAT), diphenylene iodonium (DPI), and salicylhydroxamic acid (SHAM) in darkness, but there is almost no effects on H2O2 levels when in presence of HT, AOA, NH2OH, and C3H3KO3+NH3 in darkness in wild-type plants. Moreover, darkness couldn't increase H2S content and L-/D-CDes activity of AtrbohF and AtrbohD/F mutants leaves, but the levels of H2O2 increased in guard cells of Atl-cdes and Atd-cdes mutants. Conclusions The results suggest that L-/D-CDes-generated H2S mediates darkness-induced stomatal closure, and functions downstream of H2O2 in A. thaliana.
Evaluating the myopia progression control efficacy of defocus incorporated multiple segments (DIMS) lenses and Apollo progressive addition spectacle lenses (PALs) in 6- to 12-year-old children: study protocol for a prospective, multicenter, randomized controlled trial
Authors: Li Yan , Fu Yafei , Wang Kai , Liu Zhiming , Shi Xiaoqing , Zhao Mingwei 
Published: September 2019

Abstract
Background: Myopia is increasing in prevalence and is currently recognized as a significant public health issue worldwide, particularly in China. Once myopia develops, appropriate clinical interventions need to be prescribed to slow its progression. Currently, solid evidence indicates that myopic defocus (MD) retards eye growth and myopia progression. However, no clinical trial has compared the outcomes of different MD spectacle lenses in the same observational group, especially in mainland China. The aim of the present study is to compare the myopia control efficiency of two different MD spectacle lenses, i.e., defocus incorporated multiple segments (DIMS) and Apollo progressive addition spectacle lenses (PALs). Methods: The trial is a 3-year, prospective, randomized, multicenter clinical trial of school children with DIMS and PALs. A total of 600 Chinese primary school children aged 6-12 years will be recruited, and each group is intended to include 300 subjects. The inclusion criteria are myopia between −1.00 and −5.00 D and astigmatism ≤1.50 D. The primary outcomes are cycloplegic spherical equivalent refraction (SER), measured at 6-month intervals, and the changes between groups compared over the study period. The secondary outcomes are axial length, compliance and questionnaires related to wearing experiences. The exploratory outcomes include ocular biometric measures, peripheral refraction, binocular vision, and accommodation. Discussion: The present study is the first randomized controlled trial of DIMS and PALs treatment for primary school children with myopia in China. The results will indicate whether and how much of different MD mechanisms approach retards myopia progression and axial elongation. In addition, the comparison will provide information on the clinical effectiveness and safety of DIMS and APLs, including wearing experiences, visual functions, etc.Trial registration: Chinese Clinical Trial Registry (ChiCTR) Identifier: ChiCTR1900025645. Date of registration: 3 September 2019. http://www.chictr.org.cn/showproj.aspx?proj=42927
Cellulolytic Bacteria Screened from Qinling (China) for Biomass Degradation and Cellulases First Cloned from Bacillus methylotrophicus
Authors: Ma Lingling , Lu Yingying , Yan Hong , Wang Xin , Yi Yanglei , Shan Yuanyuan , Liu Bianfang , Zhou Yuan , Lv Xin 
Published: September 2019

Abstract
Background Cellulosic biomass degradation still needed more studies while bioenergy is becoming mainly energy in future and more evaluate bacteria isolation laid a foundation of further study. Qinling Mountains have unique biodiversity, acting as promising source of cellulose-degrading bacteria exhibiting noteworthy properties. The aim of this work was to find potential cellulolytic bacteria in depredating multiform carbon source cellulose substrate. Results In this study, 55 potential cellulolytic bacteria screened out and were identified. Based on the results of the investigation of cellulase activities and reducing sugar content via different carbon substrate effect, Bacillus methylotrophicus 1EJ7, Bacillus subtilis 1AJ3 and Bacillus subtilis 3BJ4 were further taken to hydrolyze wheat straw, corn stover and switchgrass, suggesting that B. methylotrophicus 1EJ7 was the most preponderant bacterium, obtaining highest sugar content (95mg/100mL) in switchgrass, wheat straw and corn stover. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and X-ray diffraction results of wheat straw surface and crystallinity indicated the hydrolyzation. By ascertaining the target sequence of cellulase for the cloning and expression in an economical and convenient manner, the genes of β-glucosidase (243 aa) and endoglucanase (499 aa) of B. methylotrophicus 1EJ7. Recombinant β-glucosidase from GH16 family and enzyme activity was 1670.15±18.94 U/mL. Endoglucanase consist of GH5 family catalytic domain and a carbohydrate-binding module belongs to CBM3 family and enzyme activity was 0.130±0.002 U/mL. Conclusions Screened, identified the cellulolytic bacteria from rotten wood of Qinling Mountains and explored their ability in degrading different carbon source cellulose substrate, including purified and natural carbon sources. Bacillus were the predominant species among the isolated strains, and Bacillus methylotrophicus 1EJ7 performant well on cellulose degradation. In the meantime, the β-glucosidase and endoglucanase were successfully cloned and expressed from Bacillus methylotrophicus for the first time. The strain and the recombinant enzyme have potential application in industrial production.