bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A Cell‐free DNA Barcode‐Enabled Single‐Molecule Test for Noninvasive Prenatal Diagnosis of Monogenic Disorders: Application to β‐Thalassemia
Authors: Yang Xingkun , Zhou Qinghua , Zhou Wanjun , Zhong Mei , Guo Xiaoling , Wang Xiaofeng , Fan Xin , Yan Shanhuo , Li Liyan , Lai Yunli , Wang Yongli , Huang Jin , Ye Yuhua , Zeng Huaping , Chuan Jun , Du Yuanping , Ma Chouxian , Li Peining , Song Zhuo , Xu Xiangmin 
Published: April 2019

AbstractNoninvasive prenatal testing of common aneuploidies has become routine over the past decade, but testing of monogenic disorders remains a challenge in clinical implementation. Most recent studies have inherent limitations, such as complicated procedures, a lack of versatility, and the need for prior knowledge of parental genotypes or haplotypes. To overcome these limitations, a robust and versatile next‐generation sequencing‐based cell‐free DNA (cfDNA) allelic molecule counting system termed cfDNA barcode‐enabled single‐molecule test (cfBEST) is developed for the noninvasive prenatal diagnosis (NIPD) of monogenic disorders. The accuracy of cfBEST is found to be comparable to that of droplet digital polymerase chain reaction (ddPCR) in detecting low‐abundance mutations in cfDNA. The analytical validity of cfBEST is evidenced by a β‐thalassemia assay, in which a blind validation study of 143 at‐risk pregnancies reveals a sensitivity of 99.19% and a specificity of 99.92% on allele detection. Because the validated cfBEST method can be used to detect maternal‐fetal genotype combinations in cfDNA precisely and quantitatively, it holds the potential for the NIPD of human monogenic disorders.
Fabrication of x‐Lithium Tetrabenzoporphyrin by One‐Pot Electrolysis Using n‐Butyllithium
Authors: Miyakubo Yusuke , Nishi Miki , Matsuda Masaki 
Published: April 2019

AbstractThe fabrication and properties of a neutral radical Li(tbp), where tbp is tetrabenzoporphyrin, are reported. Li2(tbp) was fabricated by the reaction of H2(tbp) with n‐BuLi, and was converted to x‐Li(tbp) by successive elctrocrystallization. The prepared x‐Li(tbp) was isomorphous with x‐Li(Pc) (Pc is phthalocayanine), and was a semiconductor having a characteristic one‐dimensional channel surrounded by columns of Li(tbp). The expansion of the channel, seen by the substitution of Pc with tbp, indicates the benefits of macrocyclic ligand (Mc) substitution as a molecular design tool for tuning the channel size in x‐Li(Mc).
Effects of preparation parameters on CO2/N2 gas permselectivity of polyether thin film composite membrane
Authors: Wang Yixuan , Fu Jiawen , Zhang Qingfu , Lin Liping , Yi Chunhai , Yang Bolun 
Published: April 2019

ABSTRACTIn this work, ether oxide (EO)‐based multilayer composite membranes were prepared via interfacial polymerization (IP) of trimesoyl chloride (TMC) and polyetheramine (PEA) on polydimethylsiloxane precoated polysulfone support membrane. The effects of preparation parameters, such as monomer concentrations, reaction time, and heat‐treatment temperature on the membrane performance were investigated. The optimal preparation parameters have been concluded. The results showed the increasing monomers concentration of both PEA and TMC can lead to the decrease of CO2 permeance and increase of CO2/N2 selectivity. The optimal monomers concentration was found. When monomer concentrations are higher than the optimal values, the CO2 permeance decreases continually while CO2/N2 selectivity only shows a very limited improvement with the further increase of monomers concentration. The reaction time has similar effects on membrane performance as the monomers concentration. The effect of heat‐treatment temperature was also studied. With the increasing heat‐treatment temperature, the CO2 permeance shows a decrease tendency, while the CO2/N2 selectivity shows a maximum at 80 °C. When PEA is 0.013 mol L−1, TMC is 0.020 mol L−1, reaction time is 3 min, and heat‐treatment temperature is 80 °C, the optimum preparation conditions are achieved with CO2 permeance of 378.3 gas permeation unit (GPU) and CO2/N2 selectivity of 51.7 at 0.03 MPa. This work may help to design and fabricate gas separation membranes with desired performance. © 2019 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Appl. Polym. Sci. 2019, 136, 47755.
A Bubble‐Dragged Catalytic Polymer Microrocket
Authors: Si Tieyan , Zou Xian , Wu Zhiguang , Li Tianlong , Wang Xin , Ivanovich Krasnyuk Ivan , He Qiang 
Published: April 2019

AbstractWe report the bubble dragged microrocket consisting of functionalized multilayer polymer covered asymmetrically by platinum nanoparticles. The microrocket is pushed back during bubble growth over a small step and dragged forward over a big step during bubble explosion. Each bubble explosion induced a shock wave of gas which propagates in water at ultrafast speed. The bubble dragged microrocket can move along an approximate straight line instead of a fluctuating circle which is the trajectory of a bubble‐pushed microrocket in most cases, which makes it a promising candidate for drug delivery and simulating rod‐shaped bacteria.
A nonlinear observer for activated sludge wastewater treatment process: Invariant observer
Authors: Liu Ying‐Bo , Zong Xi‐Ju , Jian Qing‐Zhi , Li Shi , Cheng Xin‐Gong 
Published: April 2019

AbstractAn activated sludge wastewater treatment process model is concerned in this paper. In order to estimate the variables that cannot be measured online, an invariant observer for activated sludge wastewater treatment process is presented. The invariant observer can measure biomass concentration, substrate concentration and dissolved oxygen concentration in high accuracy and rapidity. Meanwhile it can be structured by means of typical form, and its robust convergence property is verified by theoretical analysis and numerical simulations (MATLAB).
Back‐stepping sliding mode control of one degree of freedom flight motion table
Authors: Zarei Majid , Arvan Mohammadreza , Vali Ahmadreza , Behazin Farid 
Published: April 2019

AbstractA one degree of freedom flight motion table is used to simulate the rotational movement of flying objects in hardware‐in‐the‐loop laboratories. This table uses a dual motor driving servo system. Owing to the existence of a gear transmission system, the backlash nonlinear function on modeling is inevitable, system equations are non‐affine and back‐stepping theory cannot handle this kind of system directly. Through new modeling of the backlash function as the summation of certain and uncertain parts, a proper structure for the controller algorithm is created. The controller is constructed through a back‐stepping sliding mode control algorithm. The back‐stepping concept allows the control algorithm to be extended to a high‐order dynamical system. Meanwhile, the SMC could eliminate these system uncertainties as it has a match perturbation with a virtual or real input signal of the subsystem. For non‐measurable variables, a sliding mode observer is also designed. The simulation results clearly demonstrate the superiority of the proposed method in comparison with conventional PID/FO‐PID control methods in angular tracking and speed synchronization.
Mean‐field backward stochastic differential equation with non‐Lipschitz coefficient
Authors: Wang Guangchen , Zhang Huanjun 
Published: April 2019

AbstractThis paper establishes a new existence and uniqueness result of a solution for one dimensional mean‐field backward stochastic differential equation (MFBSDE), where its coefficient is weaker than the classical Lipschitz case. An example is given to illustrate its applicability. This new solution will provide a key tool for studying mean‐field control problems.
Improved production of antifungal angucycline Sch47554 by manipulating three regulatory genes inStreptomycessp. SCC‐2136
Authors: Fidan Ozkan , Yan Riming , Zhu Du , Zhan Jixun 
Published: April 2019

AbstractSch47554 and Sch47555 are two angucyclines with antifungal activities against various yeasts and dermatophytes fromStreptomycessp. SCC‐2136. Theschgene cluster contains several putative regulatory genes. BothschA4andschA21were predicted as the TetR family transcriptional regulators, whereasschA16shared significant similarity to the AraC family transcriptional regulators. Although Sch47554 is the major product ofStreptomycessp. SCC‐2136, its titer is only 6.72 mg/L. This work aimed to increase the production of this promising antifungal compound by investigating and manipulating the regulatory genes in the Sch47554 biosynthetic pathway. Disruption ofschA4andschA16led to a significant increase in the production of Sch47554, whereas the titer was dramatically decreased whenschA21was disrupted. Overexpression of these genes gave opposite results. The highest titer of Sch47554 was achieved inStreptomycessp. SCC‐2136/ΔschA4(27.94 mg/L), which is significantly higher than the wild type. Our results indicate that SchA4 and SchA16 are repressors, whereas SchA21 acts as an activator. This work thus provides an initial understanding of functional roles of regulatory elements in the biosynthesis of Sch47554. Several efficient producing strains of Sch47554 were constructed by disrupting or overexpressing particular regulatory genes, which can be further engineered for industrial production of this medicinally important molecule.
Analytical comparison of emissions before and after using a three‐way catalyzer connected to an SI gas engine operating with methane, natural gas, biogas, and different syngas content
Authors: Nadaleti Willian Cézar , Przybyła Grzegorz , Lourenço Vitor Alves , Filho Paulo Belli 
Published: April 2019

AbstractThis work compares two studies in which the spark ignition gas engine test was used with typical biogases generated in the rice industry: Bio70 (Study 1), Bio65 (Study 2), Syngas1 and Syngas2 (in both studies). Methane (Study 1) and natural gas (Study 2) were also used. From these studies, three different ignition advance angles were chosen: 20°, 35°, and 55°, to compare and analyze the effects of these fuels and their mixtures inside the engine. The emissions were also evaluated using a three‐way catalytic converter connected to the engine. Study 1 demonstrated lower CO and hydrocarbon (HC) emissions than Study 2 for all conditions and all fuels, whereas NOx emissions varied according to the engine operating conditions (λ and ignition advance angle). Except in the case of the syngases, Study 1 demonstrated higher indicated efficiency, electrical efficiency, and electrical power than Study 2. After the use of the three‐way catalytic converter, HC and CO emissions were strongly reduced for all fuels and in different operational conditions. On the other hand, because the efficiency of the catalytic converter decreases abruptly in mixtures rich in NOx, this pollutant was not removed when λ > 1. The comparison of the two studies and the emissions after the use of a catalytic converter is important as it shows specific ways to improve the use and efficiency of the fuels to encourage the development of renewable energy both in industry and in the transport sector. © 2019 Society of Chemical Industry and John Wiley & Sons, Ltd
Colorimetric biosensor using dual‐amplification of enzyme‐free reaction through universal hybridization chain reaction system
Authors: Park Chae Rin , Rhee Won Jong , Kim Kyu Won , Hwang Byeong Hee 
Published: April 2019

AbstractOn‐site genetic detection needs to develop a sensitive and straightforward biosensor without special equipment, which can detect various genetic biomarkers. Hybridization chain reaction (HCR) amplifying signal isothermally could be considered as a good candidate for on‐site detection. Here, we developed a novel genetic biosensor on the basis of enzyme‐free dual‐amplification of universal hybridization chain reaction (uHCR) and hemin/G‐quadruplex horseradish peroxidase (HRP)‐mimicking DNAzyme. The uHCR is the strategy which enables simple design for multiple target detection by the introduction of target‐specific trigger hairpin without changing the whole system according to a target change. Also, HRP‐mimicking DNAzyme could produce a sensitive and quantitative colorimetric signal with increased stability with a limit of detection (LOD) of 5.67 nM. The universality of the uHCR biosensor was proven by the detection of four different targets (miR‐21, miR‐125b, KRAS‐Q61K, and BRAF‐V600E) for cancer diagnosis. The uHCR biosensor showed specificity that could discriminate single‐nucleotide polymorphism. Moreover, the uHCR biosensor could detect targets in the diluted serum sample. Overall, the uHCR biosensor demonstrated the potential for field testing with a simple redesign without complicated steps or special equipment using a universal hairpin system and enzyme‐free amplification. This strategy could enable stable and sensitive detection of a variety of targets. Therefore, it could be applied to urgent detection of various pathogens, remote diagnosis, and self‐screening of diseases.
Split‐enzyme fragment as a single affinity tag that enables protein expression, purification, and functional assays
Authors: Kim Sun Jin , Hatch Samuel T. , Dixon Andrew S. , Owen Shawn C. 
Published: April 2019

AbstractExpressing, isolating, and characterizing recombinant proteins is crucial to many disciplines within the biological sciences. Different molecular tagging technologies have been developed to enable each individual step of protein production, from expression through purification and characterization. Monitoring the entire production process requires multiple tags or molecular interactions, because no individual tag has provided the comprehensive breadth of utility. An ideal molecular tag is small and does not interrupt expression, solubility, folding or function of the protein being purified and can be used throughout the production process. We adapted and integrated a split‐luciferase system (NanoBiT®, Promega
®) to perform the range of techniques essential to protein production. We developed a simple method to monitor protein expression in real time to optimize expression conditions. We constructed a novel affinity chromatography system using the split‐luciferase system to enable purification. We adapted western blot analysis, enzyme‐linked immunosorbent assay, and cell‐based bioassay to characterize the expressed proteins. Our results demonstrate that a single‐tag can fulfill all aspects needed throughout protein production.
Enhancing 5‐aminolevulinic acid tolerance and production by engineering the antioxidant defense system of Escherichia coli
Authors: Zhu Chengchao , Chen Jiuzhou , Wang Yu , Wang Lixian , Guo Xuan , Chen Ning , Zheng Ping , Sun Jibin , Ma Yanhe 
Published: April 2019

Abstract5‐Aminolevulinic acid (ALA) is a value‐added compound with potential applications in the fields of agriculture and medicine. Although massive efforts have recently been devoted to building microbial producers of ALA through metabolic engineering, few studies focused on the cellular response and tolerance to ALA. In this study, we demonstrated that ALA caused severe cell damage and morphology change of Escherichia coli via generating reactive oxygen species (ROS), which were further determined to be mainly hydrogen peroxide and superoxide anion radical. ALA treatment activated the native antioxidant defense system by upregulating catalase (CAT) and superoxide dismutase (SOD) expression to combat ROS. Further overexpressing CAT (encoded by katG and katE) and SOD (encoded by sodA, sodB, and sodC) not only improved ALA tolerance but also its production level. Notably, coexpression of katE and sodB in an ALA synthase expressing strain enhanced the biomass and final ALA titer by 81% and 117% (11.5 g/L) in a 5 L bioreactor, respectively. This study demonstrates the importance of tolerance engineering in strain development. Reinforcing the antioxidant defense system holds promise to improve the bioproduction of chemicals that cause oxidative stress.
Effect of gene copy number and chaperone coexpression on recombinant hydrophobin HFBI biosurfactant production in Pichia pastoris
Authors: Sallada Nathanael D. , Harkins Lauren E. , Berger Bryan W. 
Published: April 2019

AbstractHydrophobins are small highly surface‐active fungal proteins with potential as biosurfactants in a wide array of applications. However, practical implementation of hydrophobins at large scale has been hindered by low recombinant yields. In this study, the effects of increasing hydrophobin gene copy number and overexpressing endoplasmic reticulum resident chaperone proteins Kar2p, Pdi1p, and Ero1p were explored as a means to enhance recombinant yields of the class II hydrophobin HFBI in the eukaryotic expression host Pichia pastoris. One‐, 2‐, and 3‐copy‐HFBI strains were attained using an in vitro multimer ligation approach, with strains displaying copy number stability following subsequent transformations as measured by quantitative polymerase chain reaction. Increasing HFBI copy number alone had no effect on increasing HFBI secretion, but increasing copy number in concert with chaperone overexpression synergistically increased HFBI secretion. Overexpression of PDI1 or ERO1 caused insignificant changes in HFBI secretion in 1‐ and 2‐copy strains, but a statistically significant HFBI secretion increase in 3‐copy strain. KAR2 overexpression consistently resulted in enhanced HFBI secretion in all copy number strains, with 3‐copy‐HFBI secreting 22±1.6 fold more than the 1‐copy‐HFBI/no chaperone strain. The highest increase was seen in 3‐copy‐HFBI/Ero1p overexpressing strain with 30±4.0 fold increase in HFBI secretion over 1‐copy‐HFBI/no chaperone strain. This corresponded to an expression level of approximately 330 mg/L HFBI in the 5 ml small‐scale format used in this study.
Green innovation and knowledge: The role of size
Authors: Martínez‐Ros Ester , Kunapatarawong Rasi 
Published: April 2019

AbstractThis paper reports research on relationship between firm's knowledge sourcing strategy and green innovation. The data are taken from Spanish Technological Innovation Panel survey during 2007–2011. The study contributed to the literature by focusing on the moderating role of firm size on the relationship between knowledge sources and green innovations. Results from over 5,000 firms indicate a shift in the focus from internal knowledge to external knowledge when developing green innovations as firms grow in size. Despite benefits from broad knowledge search on green innovations, the relationship has an inverted U shape. The diminishing returns of knowledge breadth on green innovations are present for smaller firms and disappearing as firms get larger. Government policies promoting more coordination and knowledge complementarity between private and public sector will help to influence more knowledge transfer, ensuring a more sustainable and green economy.
Clinical and histopathological characteristics and survival analysis of 4594 Japanese patients with melanoma
Authors: Fujisawa Yasuhiro , Yoshikawa Shusuke , Minagawa Akane , Takenouchi Tatsuya , Yokota Kenji , Uchi Hiroshi , Noma Naoki , Nakamura Yasuhiro , Asai Jun , Kato Junji , Fujiwara Susumu , Fukushima Satoshi , Uehara Jiro , Hoashi Toshihiko , Kaji Tatsuya , Fujimura Taku , Namikawa Kenjiro , Yoshioka Manabu , Murao Naoki , Ogata Dai , Matsuyama Kanako , Hatta Naohito , Shibayama Yoshitsugu , Fujiyama Toshiharu , Ishikawa Masashi , Yamada Daisuke , Kishi Akiko , Nakamura Yoshiyuki , Shimiauchi Takatoshi , Fujii Kazuyasu , Fujimoto Manabu , Ihn Hironobu , Katoh Norito 
Published: April 2019

AbstractBackgroundThe incidence of melanoma among those of an Asian ethnicity is lower than in Caucasians; few large‐scale Asian studies that include follow‐up data have been reported.ObjectivesTo investigate the clinical characteristics of Japanese patients with melanoma and to evaluate the prognostic factors.MethodsDetailed patient information was collected from the database of Japanese Melanoma Study Group of the Japanese Skin Cancer Society. The American Joint Committee on Cancer seventh Edition system was used for TNM classification. The Kaplan‐Meier method and Cox proportional hazards model were used to estimate the impact of clinical and histological parameters on disease‐specific survival in patients with invasive melanoma.ResultsIn total, 4594 patients were included in this analysis. The most common clinical type was acral lentiginous melanoma (40.4%) followed by superficial spreading melanoma (20.5%), nodular melanoma (10.0%), mucosal melanoma (9.5%), and lentigo maligna melanoma (8.1%). The 5‐year disease‐specific survival for each stage was as follows: IA = 98.0%, IB = 93.9%, IIA = 94.8%, IIB = 82.4%, IIC = 71.8%, IIIA = 75.0%, IIIB = 61.3%, IIIC = 41.7%, and IV = 17.7%. Although multivariate analysis showed that clinical classifications were not associated with survival across all stages, acral type was an independent poor prognostic factor in stage IIIA.ConclusionsOur study revealed the characteristics of melanoma in the Japanese population. The 5‐year disease‐specific survival of each stage showed a similar trend to that of Caucasians. While clinical classification was not associated with survival in any stages, acral type was associated with poor survival in stage IIIA. Our result might indicate the aggressiveness of acral type in certain populations.
PHD finger protein 5A promoted lung adenocarcinoma progression via alternative splicing
Authors: Mao Shuangshuang , Li Yuan , Lu Zhiliang , Che Yun , Huang Jianbing , Lei Yuanyuan , Wang Yalong , Liu Chengming , Wang Xinfeng , Zheng Sufei , Sun Nan , He Jie 
Published: April 2019

AbstractAlternative splicing (AS) and the regulation of AS by splicing factors play critical roles in cancer. Plant homeodomain (PHD)–finger domain protein PHF5A, a critical splicing factor involved in AS, has been demonstrated to play an oncogenic role in glioblastoma multiforme and breast cancer, but its biological function in lung cancer remains unclear. In the present study, we systematically analyzed the biological function and clinical relevance of PHF5A in non–small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). We found that PHF5A was significantly upregulated in NSCLC tumors compared with normal tissues in both TCGA data set and tissue microarrays. Upregulation of PHF5A was negatively correlated to the overall survival (OS) of lung adenocarcinoma (LUAD) patients. Loss‐of‐function and gain‐of‐function experiments confirmed that PHF5A functioned as an oncoprotein by promoting LUAD cell proliferation, migration and invasion, inducing G0/G1 cell cycle progression and inhibiting cisplatin–induced apoptosis. RNA–seq analysis identified many essential genes whose AS was dysregulated by PHF5A, including cell cycle–associated genes such as SKP2, CHEK2, ATR and apoptosis–associated genes such as API5 and BCL2L13. Additionally, pladienolide, a small molecular inhibitor of PHF5A, inhibited LUAD cell proliferation in a dose–dependent manner and induced AS changes similar to PHF5A knockdown. In conclusion, we validated that PHF5A played an oncogenic role via AS in LUAD and suggested that PHF5A might serve as a potential drug target with a promising anticancer therapeutic effect.