bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Longitudinal development of cancer‐related fatigue and physical activity in childhood cancer patients
Authors: Van Dijk‐Lokkart Elisabeth M. , Steur Lindsay M. H. , Braam Katja I. , Veening Margreet A. , Huisman Jaap , Takken Tim , Bierings Marc , Merks Johannes H. , Van den Heuvel‐Eibrink Marry M. , Kaspers Gertjan J. L. , Van Dulmen‐den Broeder Eline , Van Litsenburg Raphaële R. L. 
Published: August 2019

AbstractPurposeCancer‐related fatigue is one of the most distressing side effects of childhood cancer treatment. Physical activity can decrease fatigue and has positive effects on other health outcomes. Most research on physical activity pertains to adults, and the few studies that focus on children have limited follow‐up time. This study evaluates cancer‐related fatigue in children and its association with physical activity over a one‐year time period.MethodsSixty‐eight children with cancer (7–18 years) were recruited during or within the first year after treatment. Physical activity (Actical activity monitor) and cancer‐related fatigue (Pediatric Quality‐of‐Life Questionnaire Multidimensional Fatigue Scale (PedsQL‐MFS), self‐ and parent‐ reports) were assessed at baseline, 4 months, and 12 months. PedsQL‐MFS scores were compared with Dutch norms. Longitudinal association of cancer‐related fatigue with physical activity was evaluated (No. NTR 1531).ResultsGenerally, PedsQL‐MFS scores were worse than norms at baseline and 4 months, and recovered by 12 months except for the parent‐proxy scores in adolescents. Younger children (≤12 years) self‐reported comparable or better scores than norms. Physical activity generally improved over time, but patients mostly remained sedentary. During follow‐up, increased physical activity was associated with less cancer‐related fatigue.ConclusionCancer‐related fatigue in children improves over time, and increased physical activity is associated with less cancer‐related fatigue. Given the sedentary lifestyle of this population, the positive effect of physical activity on cancer‐related fatigue, and the many other health benefits of an active lifestyle, it is important to stimulate physical activity in childhood cancer patients and survivors.
How do children and adolescents understand their diabetes?
Authors: Christie Deborah 
Published: August 2019

AbstractWhile adults have the cognitive skills to understand and process information about a diagnosis of diabetes, children and young people (CYP) can only understand and process medical explanations if they fit with their level of development. The way information is processed throughout development moves from primitive, circular, concrete and egocentric reasoning to more abstract and logical views. The changes in adolescence and move towards independence can pose a challenge as children and families try to find a balance between the appearance of normality and adhering to a condition which can create a significant burden. Young people often wish diabetes away in their desire to be ‘normal’ and as a result sacrifice self‐management behaviours to fit in with others. Young people acknowledge that mastery of the skills involved in diabetes self‐management is an integral part of accepting the illness and incorporating it into a new identity. Finding ways that enable these self‐management skills to ‘fit’ in personal and social settings can enable the young person to become comfortable with their life as a person with diabetes. There is also a dilemma for many as to the extent to which they choose to share this aspect of their lives with others. The goal for all of us is to help CYP realise that there is so much more to them than diabetes. A sound support system, including parents, family members, peers, health care providers, and school nurses can reduce burden, diminish stigma and create a more positive attitude towards diabetes efficacy. Copyright © 2019 John Wiley & Sons. Practical Diabetes 2019; 36 (4): 117–120
Motivational and behaviour change approaches for improving diabetes management
Authors: Swanson Vivien , Maltinsky Wendy 
Published: August 2019

AbstractEffective diabetes management requires both good clinical care, and good self‐management by the person with diabetes to achieve optimal health outcomes. Both diabetes‐specific behaviours, and lifestyle behaviours need to be addressed. Self‐management is challenging, due to the characteristics of diabetes, a condition which can be unpredictable, variable over the lifespan, lifelong, and often psychologically demanding, requiring knowledge, confidence, motivation and behaviour change skills to maintain optimal control.Health professionals can support people to self‐manage more effectively if they have psychological skills to promote motivation and to support behaviour change. This review summarises some of the skills needed by people with diabetes and by health professionals to support self‐management, including person‐centred working and ‘MAP’ motivational, action and prompting behaviour change techniques. The review takes a critical look at motivational and behavioural interventions and their outcomes, in the wider context of the process of behaviour change. We look at evidence for effectiveness of motivational approaches – from the perspective of the patient outcomes and health practitioner training required. We also evaluate behaviour change interventions which use ‘action‐based’ approaches, followed by suggestions for longer‐term, sustainable models of training. Copyright © 2019 John Wiley & Sons. Practical Diabetes 2019; 36 (4): 121–125
Assessment of protein model structure accuracy estimation in CASP13: Challenges in the era of deep learning
Authors: Won Jonghun , Baek Minkyung , Monastyrskyy Bohdan , Kryshtafovych Andriy , Seok Chaok 
Published: August 2019

AbstractScoring model structure is an essential component of protein structure prediction that can affect the prediction accuracy tremendously. Users of protein structure prediction results also need to score models to select the best models for their application studies. In Critical Assessment of techniques for protein Structure Prediction (CASP), model accuracy estimation methods have been tested in a blind fashion by providing models submitted by the tertiary structure prediction servers for scoring. In CASP13, model accuracy estimation results were evaluated in terms of both global and local structure accuracy. Global structure accuracy estimation was evaluated by the quality of the models selected by the global structure scores and by the absolute estimates of the global scores. Residue‐wise, local structure accuracy estimations were evaluated by three different measures. A new measure introduced in CASP13 evaluates the ability to predict inaccurately modeled regions that may be improved by refinement. An intensive comparative analysis on CASP13 and the previous CASPs revealed that the tertiary structure models generated by the CASP13 servers show very distinct features. Higher consensus toward models of higher global accuracy appeared even for free modeling targets, and many models of high global accuracy were not well optimized at the atomic level. This is related to the new technology in CASP13, deep learning for tertiary contact prediction. The tertiary model structures generated by deep learning pose a new challenge for EMA (estimation of model accuracy) method developers. Model accuracy estimation itself is also an area where deep learning can potentially have an impact, although current EMA methods have not fully explored that direction.
Simulation and analysis of the moist vortex associated with the extreme rain event of Ouagadougou in 2009
Authors: Beucher Florent , Lafore Jean‐Philippe , Chapelon Nicolas 
Published: August 2019

AbstractThis study analyses the mechanisms involved in the formation of a moist meso‐vortex associated with an extreme rain event that occurred in Burkina Faso on 1 September 2009, on the basis of high‐resolution convection‐permitting simulations. After an evaluation of the 6‐day simulation skill to capture the main characteristics of this event, budgets of heat, moisture and relative vorticity are calculated. Results allow us to propose the following scenario for the occurrence of this extreme rain event, completing the large‐scale analysis of the same event performed in the companion article. Firstly, the arrival of a large‐scale wet spell is a key factor, creating a quite unusual wet environment over the Sahel, resulting in weak rain evaporation. As over oceanic regions, it favours intense heating at low levels and thus strong mean ascent and convergence. Secondly, the combination with the arrival of the trough of an African easterly wave provides a second key factor. The associated relative vorticity maximum on the southern flank of the African easterly jet (AEJ) core is boosted by the strong low‐level convergence through the stretching term. The vortex deepening is favoured by the tilting and by eddies at upper levels. Thirdly, in turn the quasi‐balanced vortex circulation brings warm and moist air from the north, favouring the convection triggering to the west of the vortex in the down‐shear direction, in agreement with Raymond and Jiang's theory for long‐lived mesoscale convective systems. This scenario exhibits a positive feedback that could explain its extreme character.
Utility value interventions in a college biology lab: The impact on motivation
Authors: Curry Kevin W. , Spencer Dan , Pesout Ondra , Pigford Kimberly 
Published: August 2019

AbstractScience writing, such as lab reports, allows students to form a meaningful understanding of scientific concepts. However, students often view scientific writing as unimportant and utilize surface level approaches when completing writing assignments. The current study implemented three experimental interventions (directly‐communicated, self‐generated, and hybrid) aligned with prior literature and designed to improve the utility value of lab reports in college settings. Participants (n= 1,002) were recruited from 43 lab sections of an introductory biology course at a large southeastern university. Measures of subjective task value (utility value, attainment value, cost, and intrinsic value) were collected pre‐, mid‐, and post‐intervention. The self‐generated and hybrid groups exhibited higher self‐reported utility value by posttest compared to the control group. Requiring students to generate their own utility value toward a task, followed by a written reflection, increases students' maintained and situational interest for biology laboratory reports.
Cluster miRNAs and cancer: Diagnostic, prognostic and therapeutic opportunities
Authors: Kabekkodu Shama Prasada , Shukla Vaibhav , Varghese Vinay Koshy , Adiga Divya , Vethil Jishnu Padacherri , Chakrabarty Sanjiban , Satyamoorthy Kapaettu 
Published: August 2019

AbstractMiRNAs are class of noncoding RNA important for gene expression regulation in many plants, animals and viruses. MiRNA clusters contain a set of two or more miRNA encoding genes, transcribed together as polycistronic miRNAs. Currently, there are approximately 159 miRNA clusters reported in the human genome consisting of miRNAs ranging from two or more miRNA genes. A large proportion of clustered miRNAs resides in and around the fragile sites or cancer associated genomic hotspots and plays an important role in carcinogenesis. Altered expression of miRNA cluster can be pro‐tumorigenic or anti‐tumorigenic and can be targeted for clinical management of cancer. Over the past few years, manipulation of miRNA clusters expression is attempted for experimental purpose as well as for diagnostic, prognostic and therapeutic applications in cancer. Re‐expression of miRNAs by epigenetic therapy, genome editing such as clustered regulatory interspaced short palindromic repeats (CRISPR) and miRNA mowers showed promising results in cancer therapy. In this review, we focused on the potential of miRNA clusters as a biomarker for diagnosis, prognosis, targeted therapy as well as strategies for modulating their expression in a therapeutic context.This article is categorized under:Regulatory RNAs/RNAi/Riboswitches > Regulatory RNAsRNA Processing > Processing of Small RNAsRNA in Disease and Development > RNA in DiseaseRegulatory RNAs/RNAi/Riboswitches > Biogenesis of Effector Small RNAs
“Finding my own motivation” — A Mixed Methods Study of Exercise and Behaviour Change Support During Oncological Treatment
Authors: Mazzoni Anne-Sophie , Carlsson Maria , Berntsen Sveinung , Nordin Karin , Demmelmaier Ingrid 
Published: August 2019

AbstractBackgroundExercising during oncological treatment is beneficial but challenging for persons with cancer and may require strategies to increase motivation. Behaviour change support, including specific behaviour change techniques (BCTs), have been used to facilitate exercise in persons undergoing oncological treatment, but more detailed knowledge from an individual perspective is needed to inform clinical practice. The aims were to explore the motivational experiences of exercise combined with behaviour change support, and to describe how specific BCTs were valued among persons exercising during oncological treatment.MethodsA mixed-methods study was conducted using semi-structured interviews (n = 18) and a questionnaire (n = 229). Participants with breast, colorectal or prostate cancer who completed or dropped out of a six-month exercise programme during oncological treatment were included. The interviews were analysed with thematic analysis and the questionnaire with descriptive statistics (median and interquartile range).ResultsThe participants underwent a motivational process through the exercise programme. By experiencing ‘Health gains and mastery’, ‘Learning’, ‘Affinity’, ‘Commitment’, and ‘Managing challenges’, they found incentives that fostered feelings of autonomy, competence and relatedness, leading to an increased motivation to exercise. Social support from coaches, structuring the physical environment with scheduled sessions, self-monitoring with resistance training log, and feedback based on heart rate monitor and fitness tests were the most valued BCTs.ConclusionsThe results indicate the importance of finding incentives and creating an environment that fosters autonomy, competence and relatedness to motivate persons to exercise during oncological treatment. Some BCTs appear particularly useful and may be used by health professionals to increase patients’ motivation to exercise.
Non-Natural Death Associated with Sexual Activity: Results of a 25-Year Medicolegal Postmortem Study
Authors: Bunzel Lena , Koelzer Sarah C. , Zedler Barbara , Verhoff Marcel A. , Parzeller Markus 
Published: August 2019

Abstract

Introduction
Non-natural deaths associated with sexual activity may occur either with or without the involvement of other persons.

Aim
The present study provides an overview of cases of non-natural death related to sexual activities as well as recommendations of how to handle these cases and to identify potentially dangerous pleasure-enhancing techniques.

Methods
This medicolegal, postmortem, retrospective, and prospective study is based on data of autopsies performed at the Institute of Legal Medicine at University Hospital, Goethe University, Frankfurt, Germany.

Main Outcome Measure
Identification of circumstances, sexual practices, and gender distribution of cases of non-natural death in this context.

Results
Between 1993 and 2017 (25 years), 16,437 medicolegal autopsies were performed, of which 74 cases (43 males, 31 females) of non-natural death were found to relate to sexual activities (0.45%). One female and 21 males had died in the course of autoerotic practices (group I, n = 22). Nine males and 14 females had performed sexual practices with mutual consent (group II, n = 23), and 13 males and 16 females without mutual consent (group III, n = 29). The average age in group I was 45.4 years; in group II, 40.6 years; and in group III, 39.2 years. Most of the deceased were found in their own apartments. Forms of stimulation included vaginal, anal, and oral intercourse; insertion of foreign bodies; use of chemical substances; and tools for respiratory depression/hypoxia. Three cases of death occurred during sexual activities involving bondage and discipline, sadism, and masochism (BDSM). Death due to strangulation was the main cause in group I, whereas intoxications were predominant in group II. Sharp force (eg, knife) was mainly responsible for death in group III. Anogenital injuries were documented in all groups in approximately equal percentages.

Clinical Implications
The cases presented show a high variety of circumstances in which non-natural death connected to sexual activity may occur.

Strengths & Limitations
This study presents a large postmortem collection of non-natural death cases with associated sexual activity. As the main limiting factor, it must be stated that mutual consent for a sexual practice or consumption of substances was presumed based on the information provided and a lack of evidence against this assumption.

Conclusion
In cases of death associated with sexual activity, medical staff should perform thorough unbiased examinations and documentations. Strangulation and the consumption of stimulants should be classified as life-threatening, pleasure-enhancing techniques. Patients and young people should be informed about these risks.
Multiple Radiocarbon Dating of Human remains: Clarifying the Chronology and Sequences of Burials in the late Neolithic Dolmen of Oberbipp (Switzerland)
Authors: Steuri Noah , Siebke Inga , Furtwängler Anja , Szidat Sönke , Krause Johannes , Lösch Sandra , Hafner Albert 
Published: August 2019

ABSTRACTUndisturbed megalithic burials are extremely rare because in addition to human activities, natural disturbances due to water influence and erosion or faunal activity are likely to occur over time. The dolmen of Oberbipp discovered in 2011 provides a unique opportunity for multidisciplinary research since anthropogenic and natural disturbances are minor. Morphological analysis indicates that approximately 42 individuals were buried in the grave chamber. Using archaeological methods alone, it would not have been possible to determine different occupation periods within the inhumations. Neolithic communities often reused dolmen over centuries. Therefore, radiocarbon (14C) dating is the only method that can solve the question of temporal resolution. Fragments of the same bone element (right femora) were analyzed by two (in some cases three) different laboratories to date all inhumations individually. The aim of this study was threefold: (1) to determine the total occupation time of the dolmen (2) to evaluate the sequence of the burials, and (3) to compare the results of the same skeletal element from different laboratories. In total, 79 radiocarbon dating results from three different laboratories of the right femora (n = 32) were obtained. The total time span of the occupation of the dolmen was between 3350 and 2650 BC. The broad application of radiocarbon dating allowed the determination of two occupation periods within the burial.
Assessment of quality of life outcomes with the Glasgow Children's Benefit Inventory following cochlear implantation in children
Authors: Dev A N , Adhikari S , Lohith U , Dutt C S , Dutt S N 
Published: August 2019

AbstractBackgroundThis study investigated health-related quality of life outcomes for children with cochlear implants in India using the Glasgow Children's Benefit Inventory questionnaire. Cochlear implantation is associated with improved language outcomes. Some studies show this gives higher quality of life after implantation. Previous research demonstrates that India presents unique circumstances that impact perspectives regarding cochlear implantation.MethodChildren (aged under 18 years) who had undergone cochlear implantation were recruited from Vani Pradan Kendra, an organisation for individuals with hearing loss based in Bangalore, India. Demographic data including age, sex, duration of hearing loss and age at implant were collected, and the children's parents or caregivers completed the Glasgow Children's Benefit Inventory questionnaire.ResultsSixty-nine children (mean age: 8.0 ± 3.89 years) were recruited, and all reported improved quality of life after cochlear implantation. There was no effect of age, gender or education on reported benefits. However, a younger age at implant and longer experience with an implant were associated with greater quality of life improvements.ConclusionCochlear implantation leads to improved quality of life, with greater improvements associated with earlier implantation. This supports early intervention in children with profound hearing loss.
Evaluation of serum ischaemia-modified albumin levels in patients with Bell's palsy
Authors: Göker A E , Alagöz M H , Güntaş G , Baskadem Yilmazer A , Berkiten G , Tutar B , Ekincioglu ME , Akgun M F , Uyar Y , Ozdemir E 
Published: August 2019

AbstractObjectiveThis prospective study aimed to evaluate the relationship between serum ischaemia-modified albumin levels and Bell's palsy severity.MethodsThe study included 30 patients diagnosed with Bell's palsy and 30 healthy individuals. The patients were separated into three disease severity groups (grades 2, 3 and 4) according to House–Brackmann classification. Blood samples were collected from all participants and the results compared between groups.ResultsSignificant differences in serum ischaemia-modified albumin were found between the study and control groups (p&lt; 0.001); values were significantly higher in the study group than in the control group.ConclusionThe significantly higher levels of serum ischaemia-modified albumin in the study group suggest that Bell's palsy pathogenesis is associated with oxidative stress.
Successful use of oral prostaglandin E1 derivative for maintaining ductus-dependent systemic circulation in a neonate with trisomy 18
Authors: Miyake Akiko , Okada Seigo , Ishikawa Yuichi 
Published: August 2019

AbstractA Japanese female infant with trisomy 18 was diagnosed with hypoplastic left heart syndrome variant. She was administered oral prostaglandin E1 every 6 hours through a feeding tube as an alternative drug for lipo-prostaglandin E1. Oral prostaglandin E1 was effective for maintenance of the ductus arteriosus and may serve as a palliative treatment approach.
A review of ultrasound-mediated microbubbles technology for cancer therapy: a vehicle for chemotherapeutic drug delivery
Authors: Osei Ernest , Al-Asady Aladdin 
Published: August 2019

AbstractBackground:The unique behaviour of microbubbles under ultrasound acoustic pressure makes them useful agents for drug and gene delivery. Several studies have demonstrated the potential application of microbubbles as a non-invasive, safe and effective technique for targeted delivery of drugs and genes. The drugs can be incorporated into the microbubbles in several different approaches and then carried to the site of interest where it can be released by destruction of the microbubbles using ultrasound to achieve the required therapeutic effect.Methods:The objective of this article is to report on a review of the recent advances of ultrasound-mediated microbubbles as a vehicle for delivering drugs and genes and its potential application for the treatment of cancer.Conclusion:Ultrasound-mediated microbubble technology has the potential to significantly improve chemotherapy drug delivery to treatment sites with minimal side effects. Moreover, the technology can induce temporary and reversible changes in the permeability of cells and vessels, thereby allowing for drug delivery in a spatially localised region which can improve the efficiency of drugs with poor bioavailability due to their poor absorption, rapid metabolism and rapid systemic elimination.
The Eocene Protohierodula crabbi Ross, 2019 cannot be reliably assigned to Manteidae (Insecta: Mantodea)
Authors: SCHUBNEL Thomas , NEL André 
Published: August 2019

ABSTRACTThe late Eocene mantis genus and species Protohierodula crabbi can be attributed to the extant clade Artimantodea incertae sedis sit. nov., but its original placement in the Manteidae is not supported. It remains the oldest reliable described Artimantodea.