bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Nilai-Nilai Keislaman dan Keindonesiaan dalam Membentuk Karakteristik Peradaban Melayu di Indonesia (Studi Pemikiran Munawir Sjadzali)
Authors: Toharudin Toharudin 
Published: September 2018

Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian kepustakaan, yakni manuskrip karya Munawir Sjadzali tentang Islam dan Pancasila. Manuskrip ini menyatakan bahwa Islam dan Pancasila di Indonesia masih menjadi persoalan yang belum selesai. Sikap umat Islam Indonesia terbagi ke dalam tiga golongan. Golongan integralistik (Islam sebagai dasar negara secara formal), golongan nasionalis (menolak pandangan integralistik), dan golongan modernis menganggap tidak ada pertentangan antara Islam dan Pancasila sehingga Pancasila dapat diterima sebagai dasar negara bangsa Indonesia yang mayoritas muslim. Munawir Sjadzali adalah modernis muslim yang menegaskan bahwa Islam dan Pancasila merupakan dua hal saling berkaitan, dengan Pancasila umat Islam dapat membangun sebuah peradaban Islam yang universal secara legal di Indonesia. Penelitian ini menghasilkan temuan bahwa: Pertama, Islam menurut Munawir Sjadzali adalah sebuah sistem kehidupan yang menurut penganutnya untuk aktif mewujudkan dalam kehidupan umat Islam di dunia nyata. Termasuk dalam kehidupan berbangsa dan bernegara sebagai sumber inspirasi dan motivasi, landasan etika dan moral dalam membangun peradaban di Indonesia. Kedua, strategi yang ditawarkan Munawir Sjadzali dalam membangun peradaban di Indonesia yaitu dengan mereaktualisasikan nilai keislaman dan keindonesiaan, yaitu nilai berketuhanan, nilai kemanusiaan yang adil dan beradab, nilai persatuan dan kesatuan, nilai kebijaksanaan dalam kepemimpinan, dan nilai keadilan. Kelima nilai tersebut dikenal dengan mana Pancasila. Ketiga, Pancasila yang secara subtantif adalah nilai-nilai ajaran Islam, umat Islam Indonesia membangun ilmu baru, sistem dan tatanan kemasyarakatan baru yang tertata secara Islami itulah bangsa Indonesia membangun sebuah peradaban Islam tanpa nama Islam secara formal, serta dapat bersaing dan mengungguli peradaban dunia lainnya, secara cerdas dan bermartabat.
Effect of native and modified starches on nutritional and physiological performance of wild juveniles of red grouper (Epinephelus morio)
Authors: Castillo Ana , Callejas Leticia , Álvarez-González Carlos Alfonso , Maldonado Carlos , Cuzon Gerard , Gaxiola-Cortés Martha Gabriela 
Published: September 2018

The aim of this study was to evaluate carbohydratesutilization by wild red grouper Epinephelus morio.Juveniles were fed during 93 d on a selection of starches: native raw cornstarch (RCS), waxy cornstarch (WCS), raw potato starch (RPS) and gelatinized potato starch (GP) at 20% inclusion level. The best growth was obtained in fish fed cornstarch either native raw of waxy cornstarch (p<0.05). Hepatosomatic index and blood glucose (40 mg dL-1) were similar as well as hematocrit values (50%) (p>0.05), whereas glycogen content increased up to 200 mg g-1with waxy cornstarch. Specific activity of a-glucosidase and α-amylase remained stable (p>0.05). Hepatic glycolytic enzymes increased with raw native and waxy cornstarch (p<0.05); metabolic enzyme glucose 6 phosphate dehydrogenase (G6P-DH) was activated with raw native cornstarch (p<0.05) while pyruvate kinase (PK) remained stable regardless of treatments (p>0.05). Hexokinase (HK1) and glucokinase (GK) varied according to carbohydrate source: values were higher with cornstarches than potato starches (p<0.05). Pentose monophosphate shunt (HMS) remained not altered by starch sources (p>0.05). In final, the low size of granules from cornstarch favored the assimilation in liver of wild juveniles red grouper.
Efecto del nivel de urea del sacchapulido sobre la degradación del forraje elefante (Pennisetum purpureum)
Authors: Ramos-Juarez Jesus Alberto , Vargas-Villamil Luis Manuel , Izquierdo-Reyes Francisco , Fernandez-Cabrera Carlos Ruben , Mendoza-Martinez German David , Arnda-Ibañez Emilio Manuel , Hernandez-Sanchez David , Elias-Iglesias Arabel 
Published: September 2018

Se evaluó el efecto del nivel de urea sobre la degradación del pasto Elefante (Pennisetum purpureum) en el suplemento fermentado,Sacchapulido(SP). Se determinó el pH, N-NH3, la degradación in situ(DI) y efectiva (DE), así como, los parámetros cinéticos de materia seca (MS), FDN y FDA del forraje. Se utilizaron cinco bovinos fistulados en rumen en un diseño cuadro Latino 5 x 5. La desviación estándar indicó que los suplementos tienen entre 0.5 y 1.0% de urea, aportaron un 10% más de biomasa por el aumento de tamaño de la fracción potencialmente degradable (PD) del alimento, tanto en la FDN, como en el contenido celular. Debido al costo de la urea, se recomienda el uso del SP con 0.5% de urea.
Acumulación de forraje de pasto buffel e híbridos de Urochloa a diferente edad de rebrote
Authors: Cancino Santiago Joaquín 
Published: September 2018

Se evaluaron diferentes cultivares de Urochloa (Insurgente, Cayman, Cobra y Mulato II) y pasto Buffel H-17 (como testigo) a diferente edad de rebrote (ER), durante la época de máxima (EMAP) y mínima precipitación (EMIP). Las variables evaluadas fueron materia seca total (MST), hoja (MSh) y tallo (MSt) y área foliar específica (AFE). Durante la EMAP, Cayman y Mulato II presentaron la mayor MST (9 t MS ha-1); mientras que en EMIP el testigo registró el menor valor (1.04 vs. 0.79 t MS ha-1). Durante EMAP Mulato II presentó mayor MSh (8.40 t MS ha-1). La MSt se incrementó conforme aumentó la ER. Cayman y Mulato II registraron los valores más altos de AFE (199 cm2 g-1). Independientemente de la época, la MST, MSh y MSt se incrementaron conforme se aumentó la ER. Cayman y Mulato II son los cultivares más promisorios por su alta acumulación de forraje, MSh y AFE.
Análisis florístico de la selva tropical perennifolia del centro-norte de Veracruz, México/Floristic analysis of the tropical evergreen forest in the center-north of Veracruz, Mexico
Authors: Burgos-Hernández Mireya , Castillo-Campos Gonzalo 
Published: September 2018

El objetivo fue caracterizar y describir la composición florística de la selva tropical perennifolia del centro-norte del estado de Veracruz, México. Se realizó un inventario florístico por el método de parcelas. Para identificar la heterogeneidad entre parcelas de muestreo, se efectuó un análisis de similitud de Jaccard y un análisis de componentes principales (ACP). El estado de conservación se analizó con los criterios de especies registradas, frecuencia, cobertura-abundancia, formas de crecimiento, estructura vertical y especies amenazadas. La lista florística incluye 180 especies, 129 géneros y 74 familias. Se detectaron siete especies en categoría de riesgo y una endémica del estado. El análisis de similitud de Jaccard y el ACP determinaron diferencias florísticas entre las parcelas muestreadas.El fragmento de selva estudiado se encuentra conservado y resguarda una gran riqueza de especies nativas.Las características inherentes a la selva, su alta riqueza de especies, la presencia de especies endémicas y en riesgo, así como la pequeña superficie que ocupa, indica que se deben de establecer medidas para su conservación. Se sugiere que el remanente de selva estudiado se integre en las estrategias de conservación de los trópicos del país, con base en la riqueza de especies que salvaguarda.
Aclimatación en cautiverio del sargo Archosargus probatocephalus (Perciformes: Sparidae)
Authors: Merino Contreras María de la Luz 
Published: September 2018

RESUMEN El sargo (Archosargus probatocephalus) es considerada especie prioritaria para el desarrollo de la maricultura en el sureste mexicano. El objetivo del estudio fue reproducir en cautiverio dos lotes de sargos, uno en cautiverio por 12 meses y otro de reproductores silvestres. El lote en cautiverio se formó por 36 organismos, en un sistema de recirculación de agua con salinidad de 10 psu, a los que se les determinó el incremento en longitud y peso cada mes, además se promovió la madurez sexual incrementando de forma gradual la salinidad del sistema, hasta 35 psu, para luego inducir el desove con una inyección intramuscular de 500 UI kg-1 de hormona gonadotropina coriónica y sérica. Por otra parte, se colectaron 15 reproductores silvestres de la laguna de Alvarado Veracruz, induciéndolos al desove de la misma forma. El incremento promedio en longitud de los organismos acondicionados al cautiverio fue de 0.064 ± 0.02 cm d-1 con peso promedio de 1.97 ± 0.4 g d-1, madurando sexualmente en el mes de enero. Ambos lotes desovaron, los huevos obtenidos tuvieron un diámetro promedio de 817.3 ± 20.9 µm, volumen del saco vitelino promedio de 243 ± 11 nL, diámetro promedio de la gota de aceite de 203.5 ± 16.5 µm y longitud notocordal promedio de los eleuteroembriones de 1.65 ± 0.25 mm. Es posible lograr la maduración en cautiverio del sargo, así como, obtener larvas de calidad a partir de la inducción de reproductores en cautiverio y silvestres en la época reproductiva.
The Foreign Policy of the Islamic Republic of Iran: Prospects for Change and Continuity
Authors: GOLMOHAMMADİ Vali 
Published: September 2018

Review
article of two books:1.&nbsp; &nbsp;Mahmood
Sariolghalam, The Foreign Policy of
the Islamic Republic of Iran: A Theoretical Revision and the Coalition Paradigm
(Tehran: Center for Strategic Research, CSR Press, 2005, 236 pp.).

2.&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
Shahram
Akbarzadeh and Dara Conduit, eds. Iran
in the World: President Rouhani’s Foreign Policy (repr., Houndmills,
Basingstoke, Hampshire; New York, NY: Palgrave Macmillan, 2016, 206 pp.,
USD 79.20, eBook).
Novel Chemotherapeutic Agents - The Contribution of Scorpionates
Authors: Andrade Marta A. , Martins Luísa M.D.R.S. 
Published: September 2018

:The development of safe and effective chemotherapeutic agents is one of the uppermost priorities and challenges of medicinal chemistry and new transition metal complexes are being continuously designed and tested as anticancer agents. Scorpionate ligands have played a great role in coordination chemistry, since their discovery by Trofimenko in the late 1960s, with significant contributions in the fields of catalysis and bioinorganic chemistry. Scorpionate metal complexes have also shown interesting anticancer properties, and herein, the most recent (last decade) and relevant scorpionate complexes reported for application in medicinal chemistry as chemotherapeutic agents are reviewed. The current progress on the anticancer properties of transition metal complexes bearing homo- or hetero- scorpionate ligands, derived from bis- or tris-(pyrazol-1-yl)-borate or -methane moieties is highlighted.
Lignans' Potential in Pre and Post-onset Type 2 Diabetes Management
Authors: Barre Douglas Edward , Mizier-Barre Kazimiera Amella 
Published: September 2018

Introduction:
Type 2 Diabetes (T2D) cases continue to rise dramatically despite efforts to
get people to exercise and eat with a view to health and combatting the cluster of 7 issues (central obesity
(elevated waist circumference), hyperglycaemia, hypertension, dyslipidemia, pro-thrombotic state,
increased oxidation (including Low-density Lipoprotein (LDL)) and the pro-inflammatory state associated
with pre- and post-onset T2D.

Background:
There are numerous medications available to deal with these seven major issues. However,
each medication currently available manages a maximum of two cluster members at a time. Consequently,
polypharmacy is frequently required to manage the cluster of seven. Polypharmacy brings
with it high financial costs for numerous medications, the risk of poor compliance (particularly so in
older patients), side effects and drug interactions. Thus, there is a search for new agents that reduce the
high costs and risks of polypharmacy while at the same time combatting three or more of the cluster of
seven. There is very limited evidence to suggest that one or more lignans may efficaciously and safely,
in the short and long term, manage at least three of the cluster of seven, pre- and post-T2D onset, thus
reducing polypharmacy. However, multi-centre, large clinical trials are required before any definitive
conclusions about these lignans can be reached regarding their safe and efficacious polypharmacy
reduction potential, both long and short-term, in pre and post-onset T2D management.

Conclusion:
It is concluded that some lignans appear to have the potential to manage at least three
members of the cluster of seven in pre- or post-T2D onset and hence reduce polypharmacy but much
more investigation is required to confirm if such is the case. At the moment, there is not enough evidence
that any of the lignans will, in the long or short term, safely and efficaciously manage the cluster
of seven via polypharmacy reduction.
Standardization of Dhatryadi Ghrita: A Herbal Ghee Based Ayurvedic Medicinal Preparation
Authors: Pal Rashmi Saxena , Mishra Amrita 
Published: September 2018

Background:In the current time, there is a need to thoroughly examine the process of systematic research methodology and to provide genuine findings to provide the reference for further investigations of traditional herbal medicines, which are beneficial for various disorders.Objectives:To standardize Dhatryadi Ghrita on various parameters, in order to assure its safety and efficacy on various grounds.Methods:The Ghrita was analyzed for its organoleptic, physico-chemical features and screened for its phyto-constituents as well as its chromatographic analysis.Results:The physicochemical standards would serve as a preliminary test for the standardization of the formulation, which helps to lay standards for further use as reference for the quality control/quality assurance laboratory of a Pharmaceutical house.Conclusion:The improvement of analytical methodologies can serve as a specific basis for research in herbal drug technology, thereby, facilitating the producers and researchers to set quality standards as well as parameters, so as to fulfill the requirements of regulatory bodies for the establishment of therapeutic efficacy, safety and purity of herbal drugs. The obtained values can be adopted to lay down new pharmacopoeial standards to be followed in its preparation with batch to batch consistency.
Inter-Pathogen Peptide Sharing and the Original Antigenic Sin: Solving a Paradox
Authors: Kanduc Darja , Shoenfeld Yehuda 
Published: September 2018

Aims:To analyse the peptide commonality among viral, bacterial, and protozoan pathogens, and the immunopathologic consequences in the human host.Methods:HPV16, HCMV,C. diphtheriae, B. pertussis, C. tetani, T. gondii,andT. cruziwere analysed for common amino acid sequences that are additionally shared with the human host. The pentapeptide, a minimal immune determinant in humoral and cellular immune recognition, was used as a measurement unit of the peptide similarity level. Molecular modeling was applied to compare the amino acid contexts containing common minimal determinants.Results:Twenty-nine pentapeptides were found to occur, even hundreds of times, throughout the analyzed pathogen proteomes as well as in the human proteome. Such vast peptide commonalities together with molecular modeling data support the possibility that a pre-existing immune response to a first pathogen can be boosted by a successive exposure to a second different pathogen,i.e., the primary response to a pathogen can be transformed into a secondary response to a previously encountered different pathogen. Two possible consequences emerge. Firstly, no responses might be elicited against the pathogen lastly encountered either by infection or active immunization, but reactions could occur only with the early sensitizing pathogen, which is no more present in the organism. Secondly, the immune response boosted by the pathogen lastly encountered will find a way out by cross-reacting with human proteins.Conclusion:This study might explain the “original antigenic sin” phenomenon described seven decades ago [Francis T. Jr. Ann Intern Med 1953;39:203], thus providing explanations for vaccine failures and offering possible clues for designing successful vaccines.
Effect of Macronutrient on Plasma, Liver and Pancreatic Metabolomics and their Hierarchic Weights in the Metabolic Network
Authors: Szabo József , Bruckner Geza , Koranyi Laszlo , Solymosi Norbert , Mitchell G. 
Published: September 2018

Background/Aims:The aims of this study were to: 1) investigate the specific metabolomic effects of single macro nutrients in cold exposed rats; and 2) Using centrality analysis ascertain the correlations between these metabolomic parameter measurements.Methods:Fifty male Wistar rats were divided into 5 groups and individually housed under cold climatic conditions. Rats were either cold exposed fasted (negative control) or fed with the following commercially available single macronutrients: casein, POLYCOSE® and safflower oil; the positive control diets included all macronutrients. Samples from the plasma, liver and pancreas were collected and 33 different parameters were determined.Results:The primary correlation found between pancreatic hormones and the variables as measured, showed significant positive connections between centrality network node members. Heatmap analysis showed that the macronutrients fed have very differing effects on the metabolomics measured,i.e.casein has a high Heatmap Index on plasma corticosterone while POLYCOSE® and fat had a minimal impact.Conclusion:The cold exposed fasted animal model, in which nutrient catabolism is near maximal, serves as a useful “in vivo” tool for studying the relationships among the nutrients, hormones and digestive enzymes under cold stress conditions; feed intake, liver glucose, and small intestinal amylase hold a high position in centrality mapping and are highly imbedded in the metabolomic networks. For example, this model shed light on the relations amoung hormone and enzyme contents of duodenal pancreas, gastric+splenic pancreas and enzyme activities in small intestinal contents. These findings can be applied to optimizing feeding of animals under cold stress.
Computational Pharmacogenetics of P-Glycoprotein Mediated Antiepileptic Drug Resistance
Authors: Varghese Sindhu , Palaniappan Ashok 
Published: September 2018

Background:The treatment of epilepsy using antiepileptogenic drugs is complicated by drug resistance, resulting in treatment failure in more than one-third of cases. Human P-glycoprotein (hPGP;MDR1) is a known epileptogenic mediator.Methods:Given that experimental investigations have suggested a role for pharmacogenetics in this treatment failure, it would be of interest to study hPGP polymorphisms that might contribute to the emergence of drug resistance. Changes in protein functional activity could result from mutations as well as altered abundance. Bioinformatics approaches were used to assess and rank the functional impact of 20 missenseMDR1polymorphisms and the top five were selected. The structures of the wildtype and variant hPGP were modelled based on the mouse PGP structure. Docking studies of the wildtype and variant hPGP with four standard anti-epileptic drugs were carried out.Results:Our results revealed that the drug binding site with respect to the wildtype protein was uniform. However, the variant hPGP proteins displayed a repertoire of binding sites with stronger binding affinities towards the drug.Conclusion:Our studies indicated that specific polymorphisms inMDR1could drive conformational changes of PGP structure, facilitating altered contacts with drug-substrates and thus modifying their bioavailability. This suggests thatMDR1polymorphisms could actively contribute to the emergence of pharmaco-resistance in antiepileptic therapy.
Psychiatrists' Attitudes Toward Disruptive New Technologies: Mixed-Methods Study
Authors: Bourla Alexis , Ferreri Florian , Ogorzelec Laetitia , Peretti Charles-Siegfried , Guinchard Christian , Mouchabac Stephane 
Published: September 2018

Background
Recent discoveries in the fields of machine learning (ML), Ecological Momentary Assessment (EMA), computerized adaptive testing (CAT), digital phenotype, imaging, and biomarkers have brought about a new paradigm shift in medicine.

Objective
The aim of this study was to explore psychiatrists’ perspectives on this paradigm through the prism of new clinical decision support systems (CDSSs). Our primary objective was to assess the acceptability of these new technologies. Our secondary objective was to characterize the factors affecting their acceptability.

Methods
A sample of psychiatrists was recruited through a mailing list. Respondents completed a Web-based survey. A quantitative study with an original form of assessment involving the screenplay method was implemented involving 3 scenarios, each featuring 1 of the 3 support systems, namely, EMA and CAT, biosensors comprising a connected wristband-based digital phenotype, and an ML-based blood test or magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). We investigated 4 acceptability domains based on International Organization for Standardization and Nielsen models (usefulness, usability, reliability, and risk).

Results
We recorded 515 observations. Regarding our primary objective, overall acceptability was moderate. MRI coupled with ML was considered to be the most useful system, and the connected wristband was considered the least. All the systems were described as risky (410/515, 79.6%). Regarding our secondary objective, acceptability was strongly influenced by socioepidemiological variables (professional culture), such as gender, age, and theoretical approach.

Conclusions
This is the first study to assess psychiatrists’ views on new CDSSs. Data revealed moderate acceptability, but our analysis shows that this is more the result of the lack of knowledge about these new technologies rather than a strong rejection. Furthermore, we found strong correspondences between acceptability profiles and professional culture profiles. Many medical, forensics, and ethical issues were raised, including therapeutic relationship, data security, data storage, and privacy risk. It is essential for psychiatrists to receive training and become involved in the development of new technologies.
THE RECENCY EFFECT OF ACCOUNTING INFORMATION
Authors: Hartono Jogiyanto 
Published: September 2018

This study tests the joint effects of dividend and earnings information. A study of joint effects is justified for the following reasons. First, dividends and earnings are considered two of the most important signaling devices (Aharony and Swary 1980) that investors use in evaluating stock prices. Second, dividends and earnings are 'garbled' information (Ohlson 1989). Dividends and earnings may contain corroborating or disconfirming news. Third, investors may be have with memory, revising beliefs in complex ways in evaluating a sequence of information. Prior dividend studies that controlling for earnings announcement effects do not address these possibilities. Using Hogarth and Einhorn's (1992) belief-adjustment theory, this study models the behavior of investor reactions to joint dividend and earnings surprises. The theory predicts that order and timing of dividend and earnings surprises have different effects on stock returns. When dividend and earnings surprises have opposite signs (mixedevidence), the theory predicts that later surprises have a larger impact on stock returns than do earlier surprises (the recency effect hypothesis). The evidence for the recency effect hypotheses is relatively strong. In three out of four cases of mixed evidence (positive earnings, negative earnings and positive dividend surprises), the recency effect hypotheses are supported.