bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Neonatal outcomes of very low birthweight infants born to mothers with hyperglycaemia in pregnancy: a retrospective cohort study in Japan
Authors: Hitaka Daisuke , Morisaki Naho , Miyazono Yayoi , Piedvache Aurelie , Nagafuji Motomichi , Takeuchi Syusuke , Kajikawa Daigo , Kanai Yu , Saito Makoto , Takada Hidetoshi 
Published: July 2019

ObjectiveTo examine the mortality and morbidities of very low birthweight (VLBW, <1500 g) infants of mothers with hyperglycaemia in pregnancy.Design and settingWe conducted a retrospective cohort study using data from the Neonatal Research Network of Japan, a nationwide registry of VLBW infants (2003–2012).PatientsWe studied 29 626 infants born at 23 to 32 weeks without major congenital anomalies, of which 682 (2.3%) infants were from pregnancies affected by maternal hyperglycaemia.Main outcome measuresThe primary outcome was hospital mortality. Secondary outcomes were neonatal morbidities and their anthropometric values. Associations between maternal hyperglycaemia and each outcome were observed for the overall period, and statistical tests for interaction were conducted to assess whether they differed before or after the adoption of the International Association of Diabetes in Pregnancy Study Group (IADPSG) guidelines in 2010 for the diagnosis of gestational diabetes mellitus.ResultsOverall, hospital mortality (4.1% vs 5.2%), composite outcomes of mortality and severe morbidity (54.2% vs 60%), and anthropometric values were not significantly different between infants of mothers with or without hyperglycaemia in pregnancy. However, the incidence of respiratory distress syndrome (RDS) in VLBW infants from mothers with hyperglycaemia was significantly higher than those from mothers without it only before (relative risk (RR) 1.09, 95% CI 1.00 to 1.19) and not after (RR 0.97, 95% CI 0.83 to 1.11) the adoption of the IADPSG guidelines.ConclusionVLBW infants born to mothers with hyperglycaemia in pregnancy do not seem to be at higher risk of mortality and morbidities, except for RDS only before the adoption of the IADPSG guidelines.
Velocity–temperature correlations in high-temperature supersonic turbulent channel flows for two gas models
Authors: Zhang Junming , Chen Xiaoping , Li Yi 
Published: July 2019

Velocity–temperature correlations in a high-temperature supersonic turbulent channel flows, including thermally perfect gas (TPG) and calorically perfect gas (CPG), are investigated based on the direct numerical simulation database [Chen et al., J. Turbul. 19 (2018) 365] to study the gas model effects. The results show that in fully developed turbulent channel flow, the Reynolds analogy factor remains close to 1.2 for both gas models. The “recovery enthalpy” is better than Walz’s equation to connect the mean stream-wise velocity with mean static temperature because it is independent with gas models. The modified strong Reynolds analogy for TPG is more accurate scaling than that for CPG, and the turbulent Prandtl number is insensitive to gas models. In addition, the influence of gas model on the probability density functions of stream-wise velocity and static temperature concentrate on the corresponding right tails.
Civil Society and the Transition towards Socialism
Authors: Newman Simeon J. , Enríquez Laura J. 
Published: July 2019

Abstract
Research on East-Central Europe suggests that the transitions from state socialism to capitalism generated civil society. The present authors focus on the effects of a transition of the opposite variety: from capitalism towards state socialism. Both kinds of transitions are characterized by a disjuncture between enduring political economies and legitimate discourses calling for them to be changed. Marshaling qualitative and quantitative data, the authors demonstrate the existence, and assess the effects, of such a disjuncture in the case of Venezuela between circa 2000 and 2010. They examine a subset of rural civic organizations, showing that they referenced mutually-incompatible aspects of the disjointed state when developing their programs, leading them to within-class heterogeneity and occasional across-classes convergence, as is characteristic of pluralist civil society.
Fossil woods from the Eocene–Oligocene (Río Turbio Formation) of southwestern Patagonia (Santa Cruz province, Argentina)
Authors: Pujana Roberto R. , Ruiz Daniela P. 
Published: July 2019

ABSTRACTOver 80 samples of fossil woods were collected from numerous outcrops of the Río Turbio Formation, southwestern Patagonia. Preservation of the woods is variable and only about half of these samples could be identified to genus level. The assemblage consists of six types of conifers and four types of dicotyledons, one of them a new species of Caldcluvioxylon (Cunoniaceae). We provide an emended diagnosis of Caldcluvioxylon. A previously described fossil wood from this stratigraphic unit, thought to have affinity with Proteaceae, was re-examined and is described herein as Scalarixylon romeroi sp.nov. Other families recognized in the Río Turbio Formation wood assemblage are Araucariaceae, Podocarpaceae, and Nothofagaceae. Differences in the taxonomic composition of the upper and lower members of the Río Turbio Formation are consistent with the age difference between them according to recent isotopic dating. The diversity of fossil wood is also consistent with the fossil leaves and pollen from each stratigraphic level and most of the taxa are shared with coeval Antarctic fossil wood floras.
<strong>Trichoptera of the Biosphere Reserve Montes Azules, Chiapas, Mexico</strong>
Authors: BARBA-ALVAREZ RAFAEL , BUENO-SORIA JOAQUÍN , RAMÍREZ-MARTÍNEZ CARLOS 
Published: July 2019

The Trichoptera fauna of Río Lacantún, Río Tzendales, and Arroyo José in the Biosphere Reserve Montes Azules, Chiapas, México, was surveyed from August 2012 to April 2015. In this study 70 species were recorded in the area, 20 were new records for the State of Chiapas. The new records included in this study are: Synoestropsis punctipennis Ulmer, 1905; Plectropsyche hoogstraali Ross, 1947 (Hydropsychidae); Protoptila cristula Holzenthal & Blahnik, 2006; Protoptila mayana Flint, 1974 (Glossosomatidae); Oxyethira janella Denning, 1948; Mayatrichia ayama Mosely, 1937; Neotrichia jarochita Bueno, 1999; Neotrichia minutisimella (Chambers, 1873); Hydroptila furtiva Bueno, 1984; Ochrotrichia involuta Bueno & Holzenthal, 2004; Ochrotrichia stylata (Ross, 1938); Ochrotrichia tarsalis (Hagen, 1861) (Hydroptilidae); Nectopsyche punctata (Ulmer, 1905); Oecetis metlacensis Bueno, 1981; Oecetis angularis Blahnik & Holzenthal, 2014 (Leptoceridae) ; Chimarra (Ch.) colmillo Blahnik & Holzenthal, 1992 (Philopotamidae); Cernotina zanclana Ross, 1951; Polyplectropus kylistos Chamorro & Holzenthal, 2010; Polyplectropus oaxaquensis Bueno, 1990 (Polycentropodidae); and Marilia crea Mosely, 1949 (Odontoceridae). Among the specimens collected in the area, the dominant species was Smicridea lobata (Ulmer, 1909), whereas the rare species was Neotrichia minutisimella (Chambers, 1873).
<p class="HeadingRunIn"><strong>Review of the <em>Orthotrichia</em> (Trichoptera: Hydroptilidae) of Florida, with descriptions of previously unknown females of three species</strong></p>
Authors: HARRIS STEVEN C. , RASMUSSEN ANDREW K. 
Published: July 2019

The genus Orthotrichia was last reviewed in 1961 by Kingsolver & Ross, but drawings of the males were primarily restricted to ventral views, and females of only one species was included. The six species comprising the genus in North America are all known from Florida and extensive collecting throughout the state has allowed us to associate the females with the males. With this paper, we provide new drawings and keys of the males and females of the Orthotrichia in Florida, which should be applicable to all of North America, and describe the females of O. curta Kingsolver & Ross, O. dentata Kingsolver & Ross, and O. instabilis Denning.
Microdosing psychedelics: More questions than answers? An overview and suggestions for future research
Authors: Kuypers Kim PC , Ng Livia , Erritzoe David , Knudsen Gitte M , Nichols Charles D , Nichols David E , Pani Luca , Soula Anaïs , Nutt David 
Published: July 2019

Background: In the past few years, the issue of ‘microdosing’ psychedelics has been openly discussed in the public arena where claims have been made about their positive effect on mood state and cognitive processes such as concentration. However, there are very few scientific studies that have specifically addressed this issue, and there is no agreed scientific consensus on what microdosing is. Aim: This critique paper is designed to address questions that need to be answered by future scientific studies and to offer guidelines for these studies. Approach: Owing to its proximity for a possible approval in clinical use and short-lasting pharmacokinetics, our focus is predominantly on psilocybin. Psilocybin is allegedly, next to lysergic acid diethylamide (LSD), one of the two most frequently used psychedelics to microdose. Where relevant and available, data for other psychedelic drugs are also mentioned. Conclusion: It is concluded that while most anecdotal reports focus on the positive experiences with microdosing, future research should also focus on potential risks of (multiple) administrations of a psychedelic in low doses. To that end, (pre)clinical studies including biological (e.g. heart rate, receptor turnover and occupancy) as well as cognitive (e.g. memory, attention) parameters have to be conducted and will shed light on the potential negative consequences microdosing could have.
Impact of epinephrine administration frequency in out-of-hospital cardiac arrest patients: a retrospective analysis in a tertiary hospital setting
Authors: Al-Mulhim Mohammed A. , Alshahrani Mohammed S. , Asonto Laila Perlas , Abdulhady Ahmad , Almutairi Talal M. , Hajji Mariam , Alrubaish Mohammed A. , Almulhim Khalid N. , Al-Sulaiman Mariam H. , Al-Qahtani Layla B. 
Published: July 2019

Introduction Epinephrine is recommended for patients with out-of-hospital cardiac arrest (OHCA). However, whether epinephrine improves or adversely affects OHCA outcomes is controversial. Objectives This study aims to determine whether the frequency of epinephrine administration impacts OHCA patient survival. Methods We conducted a retrospective analysis of OHCA cases registered in the Emergency Department at King Fahd University Hospital, Saudi Arabia between 2005 and 2015. The primary outcomes were mortality and survival rates until discharge. The impact of epinephrine administration timing and frequency on patient survival was analyzed. Results Data from 300 OHCA cases were analyzed. Among them, 66.3% were men, and the overall mean age of 50.4 ± 20.6 years. The overall survival rate until hospital discharge was 12%. There was no statistically significant difference between in gender, age, or time interval to the first epinephrine dose in the survival and non-survival groups. Only the number of epinephrine doses was related to the survival outcome. Conclusion Non-survivors received significantly more epinephrine doses compared with survivors. However, a causal relationship between OHCA patient survival and epinephrine dose and time cannot be confirmed. Further studies are needed to investigate whether the long-term outcomes in OHCA patients are influenced by the timing and frequency of epinephrine administration.
Effects of physical therapy on mental function in patients with stroke
Authors: Yuan Shanqi , He Yanping 
Published: July 2019

Objective In this study, we aimed to determine the effects of physical therapy intervention on mental function in patients with stroke. Methods In this retrospective experimental study, we included 134 patients previously diagnosed with anxiety and depression who presented to our outdoor physical therapy clinic with hemiplegia owing to stroke during 2016 to 2018. The main interventions were neurodevelopmental techniques, strength training, stationary cycling, and shoulder wheel exercise. The treatment duration was 6 months, 5 days a week. Key outcome measurement tools included the Patient Health Questionnaire-9 (PHQ-9), Disability Rating Scale (DRS), and Functional Independent Measure (FIM). Baseline and post-interventional measurements were compared using a paired-sample t-test. Results Baseline scores on the PHQ-9, DRS, and FIM were 24.77±1.24, 19.67±1.25, and 20.77±1.74, respectively; post-intervention scores on these three scales were 9.08±0.49, 7.78±1.49, and 82.52±10.03 respectively. In the comparison, significant differences were observed between baseline and post-interventional scores. Conclusion We found that physiotherapy interventions improved motor function in patients with stroke as well as their mental function. Patients with stroke with impaired mental function can improve by participating in a physiotherapy treatment program.
The Niemann–Pick C1-like 1 rs2073547 polymorphism is associated with type 2 diabetes mellitus in a Chinese population
Authors: Huang Zhenxing , Tan Ruyin , Meng Liheng , Yang Haiyan , Liang Xinghuan , Qin Yingfen , Luo Zuojie 
Published: July 2019

Objective To explore the association between Niemann–Pick C1-like 1 gene ( NPC1L1) single nucleotide polymorphisms and type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) in a Chinese population. Methods Using propensity score matching, 490 T2DM patients and 490 matched controls were recruited from 13 communities in Guangxi, China. NPC1L1 rs217386 and rs2073547 genotyping was performed using a MassARRAY system. Results The rs2073547 genotype distribution differed significantly among patient groups. Low-density lipoprotein cholesterol levels were similar among different rs2073547 genotypes and alleles. The rs2073547 AG genotype was significantly more prevalent in patients with T2DM. After adjusting for risk or protective factors for diabetes, AG and GG+AG genotypes of rs2073547 were associated with significantly increased risks of T2DM. Compared with the AA genotype, the AG genotype was associated with a significantly higher risk of T2DM in participants with gamma-glutamyl transpeptidase (GGT) <45 U/L, systolic blood pressure (SBP) ≥140 mmHg, or triglyceride <1.70 mmol/L. In participants with GGT <45 U/L or SBP ≥140 mmHg, the GG+AG genotype was associated with a significantly higher T2DM risk versus the AA genotype. Conclusions The rs2073547 polymorphism of NPC1L1 may be related to T2DM susceptibility in the Chinese population.
Lateral Meniscal Graft Transplantation: Effect of Fixation Method on Joint Contact Mechanics During Simulated Gait
Authors: Brial Caroline , McCarthy Moira , Adebayo Olufunmilayo , Wang Hongsheng , Chen Tony , Warren Russell , Maher Suzanne 
Published: July 2019

Background: Controversy exists regarding the optimal bony fixation technique for lateral meniscal allografts. Purpose/Hypothesis: The objective was to quantify knee joint contact mechanics across the lateral plateau for keyhole and bone plug meniscal allograft transplant fixation techniques throughout simulated gait. It was hypothesized that both methods of fixation would improve contact mechanics relative to the meniscectomized condition, while keyhole fixation would restore the distribution of contact stress closer to that of the intact knee. Study Design: Controlled laboratory study. Methods: Six human cadaveric knees were mounted on a multidirectional dynamic simulator and subjected to the following conditions: (1) native intact meniscus, (2) keyhole fixation of the native meniscus, (3) bone plug fixation of the native meniscus, and (4) meniscectomy. Contact area, peak contact stress, and the distribution of stress across the tibial plateau were computed at 14% and 45% of the gait cycle, at which axial forces are at their highest. Translation of the weighted center of contact stress throughout simulated gait was computed. Results: Both bony fixation techniques improved contact mechanics relative to the meniscectomized condition. The keyhole technique was not significantly different from the intact condition for the following metrics: contact area, peak contact stress, distribution of force between the meniscal footprint and cartilage-to-cartilage contact, and the position of the weighted center of contact. In contrast, bone plug fixation resulted in a significant decrease of 21% to 28% in contact area at 14% and 45% of the simulated gait cycle, a significant increase in peak contact stresses of 34% at 45% of the gait cycle, and a shift in the weighted center of contact, which increased forces in the cartilage-to-cartilage contact area at 45% of the gait cycle. Conclusion: While both keyhole and bone plug fixation methods improved lateral compartment contact mechanics relative to the meniscectomized knee, keyhole fixation restored contact mechanics closer to that of the intact knee. Clinical Relevance: Method of meniscal fixation is under the direct control of the surgeon. From a biomechanics perspective, keyhole fixation is advocated for its ability to mimic intact knee joint contact mechanics.
Blended anesthesia in major urological surgery
Authors: Preciso G. , Spinella F. , Spimpolo A.M. , Gasparella V. , Bastianello P. , Seren P. , Benzone S. , Artuso G. 
Published: July 2019

The Authors report the results of a retrospective analysis of two groups of patients, who underwent major urological surgery, (extensive nephrectomies, radical prostatectomies, retroperitoneal lymphadenectomies and radical cystectomies with urinary diversion according to Bricker, VIP, US). Improvementiv surgery and clinical results is largely due to the improvement of the combined anaesthesiologic action — a light general and at the same time selective peridural anaesthesia — considering that both groups of patients were treated equally, in that they were nourished in the same way in the pre and post-operative phases and underwent the same intensive cures immediately after the operation, which was invasive and aggressive.
Patterns of medication use before, during and after pregnancy in women with systemic lupus erythematosus: a population-based cohort study
Authors: Zusman E Z , Sayre E C , Aviña-Zubieta J A , De Vera M A 
Published: July 2019

Objectives This study aimed to characterize the patterns of medication use before, during and after pregnancy in a population-based cohort of women with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE). Methods Using population-based administrative data in British Columbia, Canada, with valid information on start date of pregnancy, we identified women with SLE who had singleton pregnancies ending in deliveries between January 1, 2002, and December 31, 2012. We assessed the proportion of SLE pregnancies exposed to SLE medications – namely antimalarials and immunosuppressants – as well as glucocorticosteroids, and nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) 24 months before pregnancy, each trimester of pregnancy, and 12 months postpregnancy. We also assessed discontinuation of antimalarials and immunosuppressants, defined as no prescriptions in a given window following a prescription in a preceding window. Results Of 376 pregnancies (284 women) with SLE, 24.2% had one or more dispensing for antimalarials, 8.2% for azathioprine, 19.7% for glucocorticosteroids and 4.8% for NSAIDs during pregnancy. We observed a 16.7% discontinuation of antimalarials in the year prior to pregnancy, 29.8% in the first trimester, 9.7% in the second trimester, and 26.0% in the third trimester. We also observed a 29.2% discontinuation of azathioprine in the first trimester, 8.0% in the second trimester, and 9.1% in the third trimester. Conclusions These population-based data show frequent discontinuation of medications, particularly antimalarials, in SLE pregnancies. These findings suggest the importance of educating women with SLE who are pregnant or planning to become pregnant on the benefits and risks of medications during pregnancy.
Remediating Child Attachment Insecurity: Evaluating the Basic Trust Intervention in Adoptive Families
Authors: Zeegers Moniek A. J. , Colonnesi Cristina , Noom Marc J. , Polderman Nelleke , Stams Geert-Jan J. M. 
Published: July 2019

Purpose: This study evaluated the video-feedback intervention Basic Trust in families with internationally adoptive children aged 2–12 years. The intervention aims to reduce child attachment insecurity and behavior problems by enhancing mothers’ and fathers’ sensitivity and mind-mindedness (parents’ capacity to hold in mind the mind of their child). Method: Fifty-three adoptive families participated in a pretest, posttest, and 6-month follow-up assessment. Questionnaires on parenting stress, child attachment insecurity, and behavior problems were administered. Parents’ sensitivity was assessed from free-play observations at home, and mind-mindedness was measured with a describe-your-child interview. Results: Parents reported less child behavior problems, insecure and disorganized attachment, and parenting stress at posttest and follow-up. Parents’ mind-mindedness increased from pre- to post-test but not from pretest to follow-up. Parents’ sensitivity showed an improvement at follow-up. Conclusions: Future studies should investigate whether the present study’s positive results can be replicated under conditions of strict experimental control.
Enoxaparin Dosing for Venous Thromboembolism Prophylaxis in Low Body Weight Patients
Authors: Dybdahl Daniel , Walliser Grant , Pershing Michelle , Collins Christy , Robinson David 
Published: July 2019

Background: The appropriate dose of enoxaparin for venous thromboembolism (VTE) prophylaxis in low body weight patients is unknown. Objective: The aim of this study is to evaluate the impact of enoxaparin dosing on major and minor bleeding events in low body weight patients. Methods: This was a retrospective cohort study of patients weighing less than 45 kg receiving subcutaneous (SC) enoxaparin for VTE prevention. The primary objective was to determine whether enoxaparin dose was associated with major and minor bleeding. The secondary objective was to determine the incidence of VTE by enoxaparin dose. Results: There were 173 patients included in the study, of which 37 patients received 2 different courses of enoxaparin during hospitalization, resulting in 210 enoxaparin courses. Among all enoxaparin courses, 16.2% were associated with major bleeding and 5.2% with minor bleeding. There was no difference in the incidence of major bleeding by dose (enoxaparin 30 mg SC daily, 30 mg SC twice daily, or 40 mg SC daily; P = .409). Patients who experienced major bleeding were older (54.9 ± 16.1 years) than patients who did not (48.4 ± 18.4 years) ( P = .043). There was no difference in the incidence of minor bleeding by dosing schedule ( P = .14). No patients experienced a VTE. Conclusion and Relevance: The risk of bleeding was similar by enoxaparin dose but increased with age in low body weight patients. Given the low incidence of VTE in this study, it is reasonable to consider decreasing the prophylactic enoxaparin dose in low body weight patients, especially in the elderly population.