bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Fully Aqueous‐Processed Li‐Ion Electrodes with Ultra‐High Loading and Potential for Roll‐to‐Roll Processing
Authors: Nagler Felix , Gronbach Andreas , Flegler Andreas , Giffin Guinevere A. 
Published: November 2024

AbstractIn this study, high‐ and ultra‐high‐loading NMC622‐based cathodes (7.0 and 18.0 mAh/cm2) and graphite‐based anodes (9.0 and 22.5 mAh/cm2) were prepared by using a porous carbon structure as current collector. All electrodes in this work were prepared by an NMP‐free, PFAS‐free and scalable process. Full cells with areal capacities of 7 mAh/cm2 and 18 mAh/cm2 were assembled and tested. The results show an excellent cycling stability, reaching up to 950 cycles at 10 mA/cm2 for the cells with ultra‐high‐loading electrodes (capacity 18 mAh/cm2) and 650 cycles at 8 mA/cm2 for the cells with high‐loading electrodes (capacity of 7 mAh/cm2). The influence of cathode porosity on the electrochemical performance in cells capacity of 7 mAh/cm2 showed that a lower porosity leads to a poorer rate capability as well as a worse cycling capability (400 cycles at 6 mA/cm2). Post‐mortem analysis reveal that the anode aging is more pronounced during full cell cycling. Further the scalability of the production process was demonstrated by using a padder tool. With that, cathodes with a loading of 5 mAh/cm2 were produced in a roll‐to‐roll process.
Prevalence of Congenital Ocular Anomalies in 15 Countries of Europe: Results From the Medikeye Study
Authors: Dubucs Charlotte , Caillet Anthony , Frémont Félix , Delteil Laurane , N'Go Van , Neville Amanda Julie , Ballardini Elisa , Dolk Helen , Loane Maria , Garne Ester , Khoshnood Babak , Lelong Nathalie , Rissmann Anke , O'Mahony Mary , Pierini Anna , Gatt Miriam , Bergman Jorieke , Krawczynski Maciej Robert , Latos Bielenska Anna , Echevarría González de Garibay Luis Javier , Cavero‐Carbonell Clara , Addor Marie‐Claude , Tucker David , Jordan Sue , Den Hond Elly , Nelen Vera , Barisic Ingeborg , Rouget Florence , Randrianaivo Hanitra , Hoareau Jonathan , Perthus Isabelle , Hurault‐Delarue Caroline , Courtade‐Saïdi Monique , Damase‐Michel Christine 
Published: November 2024

ABSTRACTBackgroundCongenital ocular anomalies (COA) are among the most common causes of visual impairment in children in high‐income countries. The aim of the study is to describe the prevalence of the various COA recorded in European population‐based registries of CA (EUROCAT) participating in the EUROmediCAT consortium.MethodsData from 19 EUROmediCAT registries and one healthcare database (EFEMERIS) were included in this descriptive epidemiological study. Cases of COA included live births, FD from 20 weeks gestational age (GA), and termination of pregnancy for fetal anomaly.ResultsThe prevalence of total COA was 3.47/10,000 births (95% CI [3.61–3.82]), ranging from 1.41 to 13.46/10,000 depending on the registry. Among COA cases, congenital lens anomalies were the most frequent anomalies (31%), of which over half were single ocular anomalies (presenting with only one ocular anomaly). An/microphthalmia was the second most frequent COA (24%) of which three‐quarters were multiply malformed (associated to extraocular major anomalies). Among single COA cases, 58 were prenatally diagnosed (4%), of which, 58% were diagnosed in the second trimester. Known genetic causes of COA explained 2.5%–25% of COA depending on their class.ConclusionsThis is the first European study describing COA. The detailed prevalence data offered in this study could improve screening and early diagnosis of different classes of COA. As COA are rare, epidemiological surveillance of large populations and accurate clinical descriptions are essential.
Free Online Multiplayer Games as Inclusive Tools for Teaching Ecology
Authors: Erfanian Mohammad Bagher 
Published: November 2024

AbstractTeaching ecology is the primary way of communicating the current knowledge in the discipline to future generations. Besides general tools (e.g., lectures, videos, simulations, and having students read published literature), experimenting and field practices are two principal ways to teach ecology. However, funding shortages along with the fact that some phenomena occur in large spatial and long temporal scales, hinder the use of experiments and fieldwork in pedagogy. Computer‐based games are interactive digital tools that were initially designed to be entertaining and engaging. In addition, they are effective motivational educational tools that are already being used in the pedagogy of various majors. Still, few studies have assessed the application of games in teaching ecology. Although those studies reported positive feedback from the students, they reported that making these games is expensive and time‐consuming. Therefore, educators would benefit from using free and globally accessible games. Here, I introduce the application of online multiplayer games in teaching ecology. Recently, I explored a snake game in which its environment resembles artificial ecosystems. Each player (i.e., each snake) can be regarded as an individual of a population or a species within a community. Then, a couple of general ecological rules, phenomena, and analyses can be easily inferred from these games. I asked the undergraduate students to play these games, collect the data, and write a report on their analysis. The students deduced different ecological phenomena from their in‐game experience and reported these games are useful and fun to play. Many games have been produced to increase global awareness of human actions on the environment. These games are geared toward various age groups, including children, young adults, and adults. Two obstacles hinder the use of these games in pedagogy. First, most of the games are not globally accessible, and second, their effectiveness in teaching has not been assessed yet. I envision a future where online games are integrated as part of the pedagogy in ecology. These games are globally accessible, therefore, no barriers exist to test the application of these games. I encourage the readers to conduct a global survey on their usefulness. This might be a step toward reaching a globally inclusive pedagogy in ecology.
Multi‐Omic Analysis Reveals the Impact of Bortezomib in Hyperleukocytic Acute Myeloid Leukemia
Authors: Wu Jinxian , Li Xinqi , Xiong Bei , Yin Wanyue , Li Ruihang , Chen Guopeng , Ma Linlu , Tong Xiqin , Liu Xiaoyan , Zhou Fuling 
Published: November 2024

ABSTRACTBackgroundHyperleukocytic acute myeloid leukemia (HL‐AML) is associated with early complications and high mortality rates, highlighting the urgent need for more effective therapeutic strategies.MethodsThis study conducted label‐free proteomic analysis on serum from HL‐AML and non‐HL AML (NHL‐AML) patients, integrating the data with the OHSU transcriptomic database. Flow cytometry was used to evaluate the in vitro impact of bortezomib. The in vivo effectiveness of bortezomib was assessed using the patient‐derived xenograft (PDX) model of HL‐AML.ResultsThrough integrated analysis of serum proteomics and transcriptomics, we observed an abnormal enrichment of the NF‐kappa B pathway in HL‐AML, suggesting its potential as a novel therapeutic target. Given that bortezomib is an inhibitor of the NF‐kappa B pathway, HL‐AML bone marrow cells were treated with varying concentrations of bortezomib (0, 5, 10, and 20 nM) in vitro. The results indicated a significant cytotoxic effect of bortezomib on HL‐AML cells, accompanied by increased apoptosis rates and decreased proliferation. Co‐administration of bortezomib with the frontline clinical chemotherapeutic regimen of daunorubicin and cytarabine (DA regimen) significantly extended mouse survival. Bone marrow immunophenotyping showed reductions in CD45+ and CD33+ cell populations, indicating disease amelioration. Immunohistochemical analysis further confirmed the inhibitory effect on the NF‐kappa B pathway, as evidenced by reduced levels of P‐IKBα and P‐p65 proteins, validating the proposed therapeutic mechanism.ConclusionsThese data suggest that combination therapy involving bortezomib and the DA regimen may represent a promising strategy for HL‐AML.
Bringing Theory Into Action: Justice‐Oriented Practices for the Classroom
Authors: Suh Emily K. , Unruh Kendra 
Published: November 2024

ABSTRACTLike other postsecondary educators, community college faculty face challenges from conservative politicians seeking to eliminate equity perspectives in college teaching and educational stakeholders who overapply the label of equity, rendering it devoid of meaning. Through a content analysis of literacy class‐focused equity practices from recent works we ground recommended practices in the larger body of community college and university literacy scholarship. In so doing, we seek to amplify practitioner‐scholar expertise and present four stages of an equity‐to‐justice praxis; awakening, making informed policy and practice changes, enacting culturally sustaining and responsive pedagogy. We offer concrete strategies for action and ultimately to reconceptualize the work of community colleges as liberation.
MnO2 Nanowire Thin Mesh With Enhanced Mass Transfer as Hydroxide Exchange Membrane Fuel Cell Cathode
Authors: Xin Dongyue , Liu Xuerui , Chen Chengjin , Wang Haiyong , Chen Bowen , Zhang Shuxin , Fang Jinjie , Deng Chen , Zhu Wei , Zhuang Zhongbin 
Published: November 2024

AbstractHydroxide exchange membrane fuel cells (HEMFCs) are promising due to the potential use of nonprecious metal catalysts. However, the performance of HEMFCs based on nonprecious catalysts is still unsatisfactory, and one reason for this is hindered mass transfer in the catalyst layer. In this study, we employ a hydrothermal method to grow in situ a MnO2 nanowire thin mesh (NTM) catalytic layer on the gas diffusion electrode. The HEMFC prepared with MnO2 NTM cathode achieves a peak power density of 425 mW cm−2, surpassing the performance of the HEMFC prepared using the traditional powder catalyst spraying method by four times. High‐frequency resistance and limiting current tests indicate that the MnO2 NTM reduces ohmic resistance and improves mass transfer, thereby enhancing the HEMFC performance. Furthermore, the peak power density of the HEMFC is increased to 626 mW cm−2 by depositing additional active Co3O4 nanoparticles on the MnO2 NTM. These findings demonstrate that an interconnected and porous catalyst layer structure is beneficial for improving mass transfer properties, which in turn enhances HEMFC performance.
Stimuli Induced Reversible Switching Between a Self‐Assembled 2‐Catenane and the Constituent Coordination Rings
Authors: Soni Raveena , Bardhan Devjanee , Krishnaswamy Shobhana , Chand Dillip Kumar 
Published: November 2024

AbstractA pair of comparable sized C‐shaped bis‐monodentate ligands (L1 and L22+) and a linear bis‐monodentate ligand (L3) complementing to the terminal‐lengths of the C‐shaped ligands have been identified. One‐pot combination of cis‐Pd(tmeda)2+, L1 and L3 (2 : 1 : 1 ratio) in water resulted an octa‐cationic 2‐catenane, [Pd2(tmeda)2(L1)(L3)]28+ in which two identical tetra‐cationic macromonocyclic coordination rings are interlocked; however, a guest bound coordination ring was formed in presence of a selected di‐anionic guest. Complexation of cis‐Pd(tmeda)2+ with a mixture of L22+ and L3 (2 : 1 : 1 ratio) in water resulted the hexa‐cationic macromonocyclic coordination ring, [Pd2(tmeda)2(L2)(L3)]6+ whereas a guest bound coordination ring was formed in the presence of the di‐anionic guest. Addition of the guest to the preformed octa‐cationic catenane caused ring separation to favour the guest‐bound ring. This guest bound ring could be reverted to the 2‐catenane by sequestering the bound guest using the relatively electron deficient hexa‐cationic coordination ring. Thus, a design principle for reversible switching between a 2‐catenane and the constituent macromonocyclic‐rings using anion‐binding/‐sequestering as the core concept has been established.
Yb(OTf)3‐Catalyzed Asymmetric [3+3] Cycloaddition of N‐Vinyl Nitrones with Activated Cyclopropanes to Prepare 1,2‐Oxazines
Authors: Wu Yu‐Zheng , Leng Yue , Chen Yi‐Xin , Huang Shi‐Qiu , Zou Ning , Chen Chun‐Hua , Mo Dong‐Liang 
Published: November 2024

Comprehensive SummaryWe described a Yb(OTf)3 combined with Pybox ligand catalyzed asymmetric [3+3] cycloaddition of N‐vinyl cinnamaldehyde nitrones with activated cyclopropanes to prepare various functionalized 1,2‐oxazines in 24%—95% yields and 22%—96% ee. Experimental results revealed that the reaction underwent a domino [3+3] cycloaddition, dealkenylation, and aza‐1,4‐addition in three steps. The chiral 1,2‐oxazine could be obtained in gram scales and easily converted into various 1,2‐oxazine scaffolds. The present method features broad substrate scope, good functional group compatibility, three‐component domino reaction, and asymmetric [3+3] cycloaddition of N‐vinyl nitrones with activated cyclopropanes.
Mental Pain Questionnaire: Clinimetric Properties of a Potential Global Person‐Centred Outcome Measure
Authors: Cosci Fiammetta , Carrozzino Danilo , Patierno Chiara , Romanazzo Sara , Berrocal Carmen , Chiarugi Alberto , De Cesaris Francesco , Guiducci Serena , Mansueto Giovanni , Christensen Kaj Sparle , Sensky Tom 
Published: November 2024

ABSTRACTIntroductionThe Mental Pain Questionnaire (MPQ) was developed using a clinimetric approach to bring together the key features of mental pain into a single, brief, transdiagnostic scale. The present study aims at extending the validation of the MPQ to people from three different clinical settings.MethodsA multicentre, cross‐sectional study on adults diagnosed with migraine (n = 256), systemic sclerosis (n = 219), or mental disorders (n = 138) was conducted. The MPQ was administered; Rasch and Mokken analyses were performed to assess clinimetric validity.ResultsThe overall fit to the Rasch model indicated a misfit, improved by the exclusion of a single item. MPQ showed to be unidimensional. MPQ total score and individual items scalability were optimal except for the same item. The total MPQ score showed an optimal scalability for the systemic sclerosis sample and an acceptable scalability for the migraine and mental disorders samples. Local dependency was found between two pairs of items. Person separation reliability indices (PSI 0.45) showed that the MPQ could not distinguish between groups with different levels of mental pain.ConclusionMental pain has the potential to serve as a truly generic patient‐centred outcome measure. Recommendations are made for revisions of the original MPQ, but these will require testing in further validation studies.
Bulk Layering Effects of Ag and Cu for Tandem CO2 Electrolysis
Authors: Sassenburg Mark , Iglesias van Montfort H. P. , Kolobov Nikita , Smith Wilson A. , Burdyny Thomas 
Published: November 2024

AbstractThe electrochemical reduction of carbon dioxide (CO2) presents an opportunity to close the carbon cycle and obtain sustainably sourced carbon compounds. In recent years, copper has received widespread attention as the only catalyst capable of meaningfully producing multi‐carbon (C2+) species. Notably carbon monoxide (CO) can also be reduced to C2+ compounds on copper, motivating tandem systems that combine copper and CO‐producing species, like silver, to enhance overall C2+ selectivities. In this work, we examine the impact of layered‐combinations of bulk Cu and Ag by varying the location and proportion of the CO‐producing Ag layer. We report an effective increase in the C2+ oxygenate selectivity from 23 % with a 100 nm Cu to 38 % for a 100 : 15 nm Cu : Ag layer. Notably, however, for all co‐catalyst cases there is an overproduction of CO vs Cu alone, even for 5 nm Ag layers. Lastly, due to restructuring and interlayer mobility of the copper layer it is clear that the stability of copper limits the locational advantages of such tandem solutions.
Molecular Electrocatalysts in Lithium‐Sulfur Batteries
Authors: Wang Zhihua , Ke Junru , Rui Zixin , Xu Li , Li Gaoran , Ji Hua , Zhu He , Lan Si 
Published: November 2024

AbstractLithium‐sulfur (Li−S) batteries face challenges due to the sluggish reaction kinetics of sulfur species, which reduces sulfur utilization and thus lowers performance. Molecular electrocatalysts, with their clear and adequately exposed active sites, offer a reliable way to enhance reaction kinetics in lithium‐sulfur batteries. This review elaborates on the reaction processes and mechanisms of molecular electrocatalysts, focusing on both the sulfur reduction reaction (SRR) and sulfur evolution reaction (SER) to explore their potential working principles. Additionally, we analyze the design strategies for novel catalysts aimed at inhibiting the diffusion of lithium polysulfides (LiPSs). This paper aims to design molecular electrocatalysts that facilitate the multiphase conversion of sulfur species, providing guidance for the commercialization of Li−S batteries.
Trends in the Detection of Erythropoietin Receptor Agonists (ERAs) in Anti‐Doping: An Analysis of Recent Adverse Analytical Findings (AAFs)
Authors: Equey Tristan , Broséus Julian , Baume Norbert , Aikin Reid 
Published: November 2024

ABSTRACTAnti‐doping efforts aim to reduce the prevalence of doping through a combination of education, deterrence, and detection. Detection of doping practices, for example through testing and/or investigations, aims both to catch committed dopers and deter potential dopers. To date, little empirical evidence is available examining the ability of detection strategies to deter athletes from doping. Here, trends in adverse analytical findings (AAFs) for EPO or other EPO‐Receptor Agonists (ERAs) were examined over an 8‐year period in order to assess the impact of ERA testing and detection on athlete behavior. It was observed that the majority (62.8%) of ERA AAFs occur on samples collected on the day of a competition. Evidence is also presented that the largest fraction of ERA AAFs occurs on the first sample ever taken from an athlete (43.2%), and that the ERA AAF rates decline steadily as athletes continue to be tested. These findings provide evidence of a deterrent effect of testing on ERA use in sport.
Declining ecological resilience and invasion resistance under climate change in the sagebrush region, United States
Authors: Schlaepfer Daniel R. , Chambers Jeanne C. , Urza Alexandra K. , Hanberry Brice B. , Brown Jessi L. , Board David I. , Campbell Steven B. , Clause Karen J. , Crist Michele R. , Bradford John B. 
Published: November 2024

AbstractIn water‐limited dryland ecosystems of the Western United States, climate change is intensifying the impacts of heat, drought, and wildfire. Disturbances often lead to increased abundance of invasive species, in part, because dryland restoration and rehabilitation are inhibited by limited moisture and infrequent plant recruitment events. Information on ecological resilience to disturbance (recovery potential) and resistance to invasive species can aid in addressing these challenges by informing long‐term restoration and conservation planning. Here, we quantified the impacts of projected future climate on ecological resilience and invasion resistance (R&R) in the sagebrush region using novel algorithms based on ecologically relevant and climate‐sensitive predictors of climate and ecological drought. We used a process‐based ecohydrological model to project these predictor variables and resulting R&R indicators for two future climate scenarios and 20 climate models. Results suggested widespread future R&R decreases (24%–34% of the 1.16 million km2 study area) that are generally consistent among climate models. Variables related to rising temperatures were most strongly linked to decreases in R&R indicators. New continuous R&R indices quantified responses to climate change; particularly useful for areas without projected change in the R&R category but where R&R still may decrease, for example, some of the areas with a historically low R&R category. Additionally, we found that areas currently characterized as having high sagebrush ecological integrity had the largest areal percentage with expected declines in R&R in the future, suggesting continuing declines in sagebrush ecosystems. One limitation of these R&R projections was relatively novel future climatic conditions in particularly hot and dry areas that were underrepresented in the training data. Including more data from these areas in future updates could further improve the reliability of the projections. Overall, these projected future declines in R&R highlight a growing challenge for natural resource managers in the region, and the resulting spatially explicit datasets provide information that can improve long‐term risk assessments, prioritizations, and climate adaptation efforts.
Evaluating multiplicity reporting in analgesic clinical trials: An analytical review
Authors: Khan Maaz S. , Zarmer Lori F. , Liang Jie , Saroukhani Sepideh , Lucas Anthony R. , McCartney Colin J. L. , Chaudhry Rabail 
Published: November 2024

AbstractBackground and ObjectivesAnalgesia trials often demands multiple comparisons to assess various treatment arms, outcomes, or repeated assessments. These multiple comparisons risk inflating the false positive rate. Multiplicity correction in recent analgesic randomized controlled trials (RCTs) remains unclear despite statistical method advancements and regulatory guidelines. Our study aimed to identify reporting inadequacies in multiple analysis adjustments and explanations to understand these deficiencies.Databases and Data TreatmentThis review analysed RCTs from the European Journal of Pain, the Journal of Pain, and PAIN, published between January 2018 and December 2022. We included randomized, double‐blind trials focusing on pain outcomes. Data extraction, managed by three researchers using predefined criteria, included trial characteristics, multiplicity presence, and correction methods. Descriptive statistical analyses included Fisher's exact, and Holm method for multiple comparisons.ResultsOut of 112 articles, 48 pre‐specified a primary analysis plan. Multiple analyses were observed in 65 articles, with 60% adjusting for all comparisons, primarily using the Bonferroni method. Compared with previous studies, no significant changes in multiplicity correction practices were noted when stratified by trial type, size, and sponsor.ConclusionsThe study reveals a persistent reliance on multiple comparisons in analgesic clinical trials without a corresponding increase in multiplicity corrections emphasizing a need for enhanced reporting and implementation of statistical adjustments. We acknowledge limitations in categorizing studies, the use of a surrogate for the trial stage, and sourcing data from journal webpages rather than a database.Significance StatementThis study flags inadequate reporting on multiplicity correction in analgesic trials, stressing the risk of false positives and the urgent need for enhanced reporting to boost reproducibility.