bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Factors that affect mortality in local patients who ingested common household cleansing products and required intubation
Authors: Shan Liu , Kwan Leong Au Yeung , Choi Kin Man David , Chi Keung Chan 
Published: September 2019

Introduction:Ingestion of common household cleansing products resulting in a need for intubation is not uncommon in Hong Kong. The objective of this study was to determine the factors that affect the mortality in this group of patients.Methods:This was a retrospective cohort study conducted in the Hong Kong Poison Information Centre, encompassing data from all Accident and Emergency Departments in Hong Kong over the period of 1 January 2008 to 31 January 2019. This study was conducted by recruiting all patients who had ingested common household cleansing products and required intubation in the same hospital admission. The outcome was death. The study aimed to look at risk factors associated with mortality.Results:Seventy‐seven patients were included in the final analysis. The median age was 53 years. The mortality rate was 21%. Univariate analysis (at p < 0.05) indicated that (1) older age, (2) ingestion to intubation time more than 12 h, (3) not admitted to intensive care unit, (4) complication of chest infection, (5) complication of fast atrial fibrillation, and (6) complication of acute kidney injury were factors associated with higher mortality rate. Among these, older age and development of acute kidney injury were statistically significant (p < 0.05) on multivariate analysis.Conclusion:Among patients who ingested household cleansing products and required intubation, older age and development of acute kidney injury were factors strongly associated with mortality.
Xylose utilization stimulates mitochondrial production of isobutanol and 2-methyl-1-butanol in Saccharomyces cerevisiae
Authors: Zhang Yanfei , Lane Stephan , Chen Jhong-Min , Hammer Sarah K. , Luttinger Jake , Yang Lifeng , Jin Yong-Su , Avalos‬ José L. 
Published: September 2019

Abstract

Background
Branched-chain higher alcohols (BCHAs), including isobutanol and 2-methyl-1-butanol, are promising advanced biofuels, superior to ethanol due to their higher energy density and better compatibility with existing gasoline infrastructure. Compartmentalizing the isobutanol biosynthetic pathway in yeast mitochondria is an effective way to produce BCHAs from glucose. However, to improve the sustainability of biofuel production, there is great interest in developing strains and processes to utilize lignocellulosic biomass, including its hemicellulose component, which is mostly composed of the pentose xylose.

Results
In this work, we rewired the xylose isomerase assimilation and mitochondrial isobutanol production pathways in the budding yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae. We then increased the flux through these pathways by making gene deletions of BAT1, ALD6, and PHO13, to develop a strain (YZy197) that produces as much as 4 g/L of BCHAs (3.10 ± 0.18 g isobutanol/L and 0.91 ± 0.02 g 2-methyl-1-butanol/L) from xylose. This represents approximately a 28-fold improvement on the highest isobutanol titers obtained from xylose previously reported in yeast and the first report of 2-methyl-1-butanol produced from xylose. The yield of total BCHAs is 57.2 ± 5.2 mg/g xylose, corresponding to ~ 14% of the maximum theoretical yield. Respirometry experiments show that xylose increases mitochondrial activity by as much as 7.3-fold compared to glucose.

Conclusions
The enhanced levels of mitochondrial BCHA production achieved, even without disrupting ethanol byproduct formation, arise mostly from xylose activation of mitochondrial activity and are correlated with slow rates of sugar consumption.
Unicuspid aortic valve concomitant with aortic insufficiency presenting with infectious endocarditis: a case report
Authors: Yuzawa-Tsukada Naoko , Tanaka Toshikazu D. , Morimoto Satoshi , Yoshimura Michihiro 
Published: September 2019

Abstract

Background
A unicuspid aortic valve is a rare congenital cardiac abnormality. Despite its uncommon finding on an initial presentation, aortic insufficiency is accompanied with unicuspid aortic valve and this might reflect the natural history of progression in the morphology of unicuspid aortic valve.

Case presentation
We describe a 65-year-old Japanese man who was evaluated for endocarditis and found to have a unicuspid aortic valve concomitant with moderate aortic insufficiency, which was, owing to the lack of evidence of valve membrane destruction, independent of underlying infectious endocarditis. In addition, aortic insufficiency was progressed because of nonbacterial thrombotic endocarditis on the ventricular side, in areas of high turbulence around the heart valve.

Conclusions
Our case is unusual given the unicuspid aortic valve concomitant with aortic insufficiency, which was presumably independent of underlying infectious endocarditis because of the location of the vegetation and the lack of evidence of valve destruction. Therefore, attention should be paid to a variety of complications in the setting of unicuspid aortic valve.
Energy Availability Is Associated With Luteinizing Hormone Pulse Frequency and Induction of Luteal Phase Defects
Authors: Koltun Kristen J , De Souza Mary Jane , Scheid Jennifer L , Williams Nancy I 
Published: September 2019

Abstract

Objective
Determine the interrelations between reductions in energy availability (EA), luteinizing hormone (LH) pulse frequency, and the induction of menstrual disturbances in previously sedentary, ovulatory women.

Methods
Secondary analysis of a randomized controlled trial consisting of a 3-month controlled diet and supervised exercise program. EA was calculated daily by measured energy intake (kcal) and exercise energy expenditure (kcal) normalized to fat-free mass (kg) and averaged during baseline and each of 3 intervention menstrual cycles. Blood samples were obtained every 10 minutes for 24 hours in the early follicular phase before the intervention and after 3 months of diet and exercise (n = 14). LH pulse dynamics were assessed by Cluster. Linear mixed models determined whether EA predicts LH pulse frequency and LH pulse frequency predicts luteal phase defects (LPDs).

Results
Subjects were 20 ± 1 years old, 165.1 ± 1.4 cm tall, and weighed 58.9 ± 1.5 kg. LH pulse frequency decreased from 0.82 ± 0.06 pulses/h to 0.63 ± 0.09 pulses/h (P = 0.048) as a result of the intervention which produced modest (-3.2 ± 0.6 kg) weight loss. EA, averaged across a menstrual cycle, predicted LH pulse frequency (P = 0.003) such that a single-unit decrease in EA was associated with a 0.017 pulses/h decrease in LH pulse frequency. LH pulse frequency in cycles with LPDs was 49% of that observed in cycles with no menstrual disturbances and for every 0.1-unit decrease in LH pulse frequency, the odds of having an LPD were 22× greater than having an optimal ovulatory cycle (P = 0.01).

Conclusions
Modest reductions in EA over a prolonged period are associated with decreased LH pulse frequency and the induction of menstrual disturbances.
Pregnant women's knowledge and perceptions of caesarean section in Lagos state, Nigeria
Authors: Abazie Ogechi H. , Abdul-Kareem Aishat Yetunde 
Published: September 2019

Background Caesarean section is a surgical procedure in which one or more incisions are made through a mother's (laparotomy) and uterus (hysterotomy) to deliver babies. It is one of the most important operations performed in obstetrics and gynaecology. Aim To assess women's knowledge and perceptions of caesarean section in three selected primary health care centres in Mushin Local Government Area, Lagos. Method This was a non-experimental descriptive study. A simple random sampling technique was used to select 128 respondents in the three selected health care centres. Data were manually collected and analysed electronically with the use of SPSS version 20 computer software. Result Of the respondents, 41.9% were aged range of 30–34 years, while only 2.4% were aged 40 years and above. The majority of the respondents (79.8%) had a good knowledge of caesarean section although 68.5% had negative perceptions of caesarean section. There was a significant association between respondents' knowledge of caesarean section and their perception (P<0.05). Conclusions The majority of the women in this study had a good knowledge of caesarean section, although more than half of the respondents had negative perceptions of caesarean section. The majority of respondents were unwilling to undergo caesarean section even when it was indicated.
Association of SLC1A2 and SLC17A7 polymorphisms with major depressive disorder in a Thai population
Authors: Thaweethee Benjamard , Suttajit Sirijit , Thanoi Samur , Dalton Caroline F. , Reynolds Gavin P. , Nudmamud-Thanoi Sutisa 
Published: September 2019

Abstract

Background
Major depressive disorder (MDD) is a common psychiatric disorder with high prevalence and high risk of suicide. Genetic variation of glutamate transporters may associate with MDD and suicide attempt.

Objectives
To evaluate polymorphisms of excitatory amino acid transporter 2 gene (SLC1A2; rs752949, rs1885343, rs4755404, and rs4354668) and vesicular glutamate transporter 1 gene (SLC17A7; rs1043558, rs2946848, and rs11669017) in patients with MDD with and without suicide attempt, and determine the association of these polymorphisms with age of onset and severity of MDD.

Methods
DNA was extracted from blood taken from patients with MDD (n = 100; including nonsuicidal [n = 50] and suicidal [n = 50] subgroups) and controls (n = 100). Genotyping was conducted using TaqMan single-nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) genotyping.

Results
We found a significant difference in SLC17A7 rs2946848 genotype distribution between patients in the MDD and control groups (P = 0.016). Moreover, significant differences in SLC1A2 rs752949 (P = 0.022) and SLC17A7 rs2946848 (P = 0.026) genotype distributions were observed between patients in the nonsuicidal MDD and suicidal MDD groups. SLC1A2 rs1885343 A allele carriers showed significantly lower age of onset than GG genotype (P = 0.049). Furthermore, the severity of MDD indicated by the Hamilton Depression Rating Scale (HDRS) score of G allele carriers of SLC1A2 rs4755404 was significantly greater than the CC genotype (P = 0.013).

Conclusions
Polymorphisms of SLC1A2 and SLC17A7 may contribute to the risk of MDD and/or suicide attempt. An association of an SLC1A2 polymorphism with the severity of MDD was apparent.
Three-dimensional connected groups of automorphisms of toroidal circle planes
Authors: Creutz Brendan , Ho Duy , Steinke Günter F. 
Published: September 2019

Abstract
We contribute to the classification of toroidal circle planes and flat Minkowski planes possessing three-dimensional connected groups of automorphisms. When such a group is an almost simple Lie group, we show that it is isomorphic to PSL(2, ℝ). Using this result, we describe a framework for the full classification based on the action of the group on the point set.
Obtaining the sGAG distribution profile in articular cartilage color images
Authors: Iglesias Carla , Luo Lu , Martínez Javier , Kelly Daniel J. , Taboada Javier , Pérez Ignacio 
Published: September 2019

Abstract
The articular cartilage tissue is an essential component of joints as it reduces the friction between the two bones. Its load-bearing properties depend mostly on proteoglycan distribution, which can be analyzed through the study of the presence of sulfated glycosaminoglycan (sGAG). Currently, sGAG distribution in articular cartilage is not completely known; it is calculated by means of laboratory tests that imply the inherent inaccuracy of a manual procedure. This paper presents an easy-to-use desktop software application for obtaining the sGAG distribution profile in tissue. This app uses color images of stained cartilage tissues taken under a microscope, so researchers at the Trinity Centre for Bioengineering (Dublin, Ireland) can understand the qualitative distribution of sGAG with depth in the studied tissues.
Improvement of Stroke Volume Estimation with Bioimpedance Measurement by LSTM Network Approach Based on ECG during Ergometry
Authors: Urban Mike , Tigges Timo , Klum Michael , Pielmus Alexandru , Orglmeister Reinhold 
Published: September 2019

Abstract
Stroke volume (SV) and cardiac output (CO) estimations with non-invasive approaches like thoracic electrical bioimpedance (TEB) measurement become state of the art in clinical practice. Despite the advantages like low costs, low risk of infection and relatively easy application, there are also disadvantages like the sensitivity to movement artifacts and, electrode displacement mistakes. The bioimpedance signal acquired with a tetrapolar measurement has a relatively weak signal strength compared with another common recorded signal, e.g., the electrocardiogram (ECG). For reconstruction and filtering of the dZ/dt signal, different approaches exist like ensemble averaging (EA), scaled fourier linear combiner (SFLC), wavelet denoising and adaptive filter. We propose an artificial neural network with long short-term memory (LSTM) layer for signal reconstruction during ergometry. The LSTM network performs well compared with other algorithms, e.g., with better amplitude (C point) reconstruction. The SV estimation with the LSTM network was at least comparable or even better than the estimation based on SFLC.
Wireless retina implant with large visual field
Authors: Velten Thomas , Knoll Thorsten , Stracke Frank , Le Harzic Ronan , Olsommer Yves , Jaeger Tino , Rammensee Michael , Kurz Oliver , Klesy Stephan , Januschowski Kai , Sermeus Loic , Szurman Peter 
Published: September 2019

Abstract
We present the concept of a novel epiretinal prosthesis, consisting of a foil-based, miniaturized electronics with wireless optical energy and signal transmission and integrated electrostimulation. The aim is achieving a wideangle projection to create a large visual field. The implant having a diameter of 14 mm consists of a mosaic-like array of thinned silicon-based photodiodes combined with a polyimide foil. This thin implant, realized on a flexible foil for the first time, adapts to the curvature of the eye. Thin-film stimulation electrodes on the foil are electrically connected to the photodiodes. The influence of the electrode geometry on the electrical current density at the location of electrostimulation is investigated by computer simulations. First experiments towards realization of via holes in a 10 μm thick polyimide layer were successful and led to vias with inclined sidewalls and rounded openings. This shape is advantageous concerning uninterrupted conductor paths leading from the photodiodes to the stimulation electrodes.
Evaluation of an IEEE 11073 SDC Connection of two KUKA Robots towards the Application of Focused Ultrasound in Radiation Therapy
Authors: Berger Johann , Unger Michael , Landgraf Lisa , Melzer Andreas 
Published: September 2019

Abstract
The integration of surgical robotics into the operating room requires reliable and flexible communication with other medical devices. The IEEE 11073 SDC standard can provide the necessary requirements to deploy robotics for the application of focused ultrasound in radiation therapy. The aim of this work was to implement and evaluate an SDC compliant connection between two collaborative robots. For this purpose, the KUKA LBR iiwa 7 R800 was adapted and the connectivity modelled and then tested successfully with 42 transmittable properties. Latency measurements were conducted to evaluate the network stability, resulting in a median round trip time of 10.13 ms.
First Steps towards Localized Opening of the Blood-Brain-Barrier by IR Laser Illumination Through the Rodent Skull
Authors: Schlett Paul , Mottaghi Soheil , Buchholz Oliver , Hofmann Ulrich G. 
Published: September 2019

Abstract
Glioblastoma, an aggressive malign tumor of the brain, is one of the most shattering diagnoses due to its very poor prognosis and limited treatment options. These options mainly consist of surgical or radiation therapeutic removal of as much tumor mass as possible, which unfortunately is almost always incomplete. Even worse, chemotherapy is of little use, as the special setup of the brain′s vessels severely limits the transit into the parenchyma of elsewhere efficient cytostatica. This Blood-Brain-Barrier (BBB) is for quite some time the target of sophisticated and nano-particle based transport mechanisms, however it is reported, that a boost of permeability for most of the brain can be achieved based on moderate temperature increase. One means to locally and reversibly increase the brain′s temperature and thus potentially opening the BBB may be achieved by illuminating the skull with infrared laser light, thus causing punctual heating and heat diffusion into the cortex. In extension of the common laser light guiding by glass fibres, we use a micro-positioned simple optics to focus a 1470 nm laser beam of approximately 500 µm in diameter on the skull. The apparent opening of the BBB is evidenced by the localized spread of Evans Blue injected into the tail vein of said rat, binding to Albumin (64,6 kDa) in the body. This marker molecule is usually blocked from passing through the intact BBB, but under IR illumination for half a minute, it appeared in post mortem visible blobs. Temperature profiles and potential tissue damage are now under investigation by high speed thermal camera and post mortem histology.
Cytotoxicity and Sterilization Resistance of Electronic Components for Disposable Smart Biomedical Devices
Authors: Werner Valerie M. K. , Strömsdörfer Daniel , Nga Bui Viet , Wittenburg Niklas von , Eblenkamp Markus 
Published: September 2019

Abstract
The design of Smart Biomedical Devices will be a defining element of future research in the context of intelligent medical devices for the Internet of Medical Things (IoMT). A prerequisite for serving the disposable market is the use of cost-effective electronic components and the highest reliability of the developed products in terms of biocompatibility and bioprotection. In the study, resistors, capacitors, and light-emitting diodes, different in their materials and construction forms, were examined. The selected types represented electronic components as they are commonly installed on electronic system from the segment of low-cost standard components. These were subjected to steam sterilization with up to 50 cycles, gamma sterilization, and a CCK-8 assay to test in vitro cytotoxicity. Functional failure could not be determined for any component. Gamma sterilization did not result in significant changes in resistance values, but in capacitors with barium titanate as dielectric. Non-cytotoxic electronic components could be identified. The results show that certain electronic standard components are suitable for disposable Smart Biomedical Devices.
Automatic differentiation between Veress needle events in laparoscopic access using proximally attached audio signal characterization
Authors: Schaufler Anna , Sühn T. , Esmaeili N. , Boese A. , Wex C. , Croner R. , Friebe M. , Illanes A. 
Published: September 2019

Abstract
The access to the abdomen and the creation of a pneumoperitoneum is an initial and particularly critical step of minimally invasive laparoscopic procedures. Insertion instruments such as the Veress needle need to be introduced blindly into the abdominal cavity, which is associated with inadvertent visceral and vascular injuries. To ensure safe positioning of the instrument, information about the entry path advancement of the tip through the abdominal wall is needed. The main objective of this work is to demonstrate the capability to acquire information about intracorporeal tissuetool interactions of the Veress needle tip, utilizing acoustic emissions recorded at the extracorporeal end of the needle. In an experimental setup, a Veress needle was inserted in a multitissue- layer phantom with a defined insertion speed. Acoustic emissions were recorded with a MEMS microphone attached to the extracorporeal end of the needle. In addition, the counteraction forces during insertion of the needle were measured and a video of the experiment was recorded as reference. With this setup, an audio database of characteristical insertion events was generated. For the classification of characteristic audio events and detection of tissue-layer crossing, features were calculated in the time and frequency domain. Subsequently, a feature dimensionality reduction was performed. The distribution clustering of the audio database in the three-dimensional feature subspace allows a distinction between certain characteristic audio events. The preliminary results show the capability of this acoustic emission based method to detect events related to the insertion of a Veress needle, such as tissue-layer crossing.
A microphysiological system to investigate the pressure dependent filtration at an artificial glomerular kidney barrier
Authors: Schmieder Florian , Behrens Stefan , Reustle Nina , Franke Nathalie , Sonntag Frank , Sradnick Jan , Hohenstein Bernd 
Published: September 2019

Abstract
Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is a global health problem that affects around 11 to 13% of the world’s population and more than 18% of European citizens. Characteristic syndromes of CKD during all stages of the disease are proteinuria and ongoing glomerular dysfunction caused by cellular damages at the glomerular filtration barrier. While some rare cases of the disease are correlated to genetic depositions the majority of cases are caused by diabetes, glomerulosclerosis, high blood pressure and glomerulonephritis. Thus, recapitulating the interplay of high blood pressure and changes at the glomerular filtration barrier in vitro seems an adequate way to mimic CKD. Here we present a microphysiological system of the glomerular filter that is capable to simulate high blood pressure at the glomerular filtration barrier in vitro. It consists of a closed loop microfluidic circuit with an integrated pneumatically driven heart like micro pump that constantly circulates the cell culture media at the blood site of the glomerular barrier. The ThinCert™ insert could be reversibly integrated into a holder system that ensures the correct position of the insert within the microfluidic circuit. By using different modulations of the integrated pneumatic micro pump different physiological and pathophysiological conditions e.g. hypertonic stress, like in CKD, could be applied. The influence of hypertonic conditions on the filtration above the barrier was studied by changes of TEER values and measurement of the flux of fluorescent labelled albumin through the cellular barrier.
Simulation of Breathing Patterns and Classification of Sensor Data for the early detection of impending Sudden Infant Death
Authors: Munz Michael , Wolf Nicolas 
Published: September 2019

Abstract
In this work, a methodology for the classification of breathing patterns in order to prevent sudden infant death (SID) incidents is presented. The basic idea is to classify breathing patterns which might lead to SID prior to an incident. A thorax sensor is proposed, which is able to simulate breathing patterns given by certain parameters. A sensor combination of conductive strain fabric and an inertial measurement unit is used for data acquisition. The data is then classified using a neural network.