bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
PERENCANAAN PEMBELAJARAN TEMATIK BERBASIS KEARIFAN LOKAL DI SD MUHAMMADIYAH I MALANG
Authors: Putri Utami Ima Wahyu , Suwandayani Beti Istanti 
Published: January 2019

The development in the digital era also accompanies the development in the world of education. The implementation of the 2013 curriculum requires careful planning to produce quality output. This planning begins with preparing prota, promes, RPP. This study aims to analyze thematic learning planning based on local wisdom, to describe the supporting and inhibiting factors and to describe the effort done by the school to overcome the problem. This research uses qualitative descriptive research conducted at SD Muhammadiyah I Malang, data collection techniques used, among others, observation, interview and documentation. And the results of this research shows that teachers at SD Muhammadiyah I Malang have implemented a local wisdom-based learning plan before teaching and learning activities begin. Supporting factors of quality human resources, and adequate infrastructure facilities. While the inhibiting factor is the implementation of local wisdom learning for the activities of the visit takes a long time. To overcome these problems the school provides facilities for teachers to attend seminars, training and workshop.
Model Pembelajaran Multikultural pada Pesantren Modern sebagai Upaya Mereduksi Paham Radikalisme
Authors: Suhadianto Suhadianto , Ariyanto Eko April , Arifiana Isrida Yul 
Published: January 2019

AbstrakRadikalisme sebagai bagian dari paham fundamentalis telah menjadi ancaman yang nyata bagi kehidupan berbangsa dan bernegara. Aksi-aksi radikalisme semakin massif dilakukan dengan melibatkan generasi muda. Pesantren merupakan lembaga pendidikan tertua memiliki model pembelajaran yang sangat dipercaya oleh masyarakat. Pesantren diharapkan dapat menjadi benteng penangkal paham fundamentalis melalui pembelajaran multikultural yang diterapkan. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisa praktek pembelajaran multikultural di pondok pesantren dan dampak pembelajaran multikultural di pondok pesantren. Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan kualitatif dengan mengambil fokus penelitian pada pondok pesantren Darussalam, Sengon Kabupaten Jombang. Metode pengambilan data dilakukan dengan menggunakan interview serta observasi terhadap subjek yaitu pemimpin pondok pesantren, ustad serta santri. Validitas hasil penelitian dilakukan melalui triangulasi data. Hasil penelitian menunjukan bahwa pondok pesantren Darusalam Jombang telah menerapkan prinsip pembelajaran multikultural yang meliputi: content integration, The knowledge construction process, Equity Pedagogy, Prejudice reduction. Selain itu dampak pembelajaran tersebut membuat santri mampu memahami perbedaan, toleransi, dan keberagaman sehingga mampu membentengi diri dari paham fundamentalis. Kata kunci: Radikalisme, Pendidikan multikulturalÂ AbstractÂ Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Radicalism as part of fundamentalism has become a real threat to the life of the nation and state. More massive radicalism actions are carried out by involving the younger generation. Islamic boarding schools are the oldest educational institutions that have a highly trusted learning model. Islamic boarding schools are expected to be a bulwark against the fundamentalist understanding through applied multicultural learning. This study aims to analyze the practice of multicultural learning in Islamic boarding schools and the impact of multicultural learning in Islamic boarding schools. This study uses a qualitative approach by taking the focus of research in Darussalam Islamic Boarding School, Sengon, Jombang Regency. The method of data collection is done by using interviews and observations on the subject, namely the leader of the Islamic boarding school, religious teacher and santri. The validity of the results of the research is done through data triangulation. The results of the study show that the Darusalam Jombang Islamic boarding school has applied the principle of multicultural learning which includes: content integration, the knowledge construction process, Equity Pedagogy, Prejudice reduction. Besides that the impact of the learning made the santri able to understand differences, tolerance and diversity so that they were able to fortify themselves from fundamentalism.Keywords: Radicalism, multicultural education
PHARMACOLOGICAL THERAPEUTIC MONITORING OF MYCOPHENOLATE MOFETIL (MMF) IN AUTOIMMUNE DISEASES AT EHU OF ORAN-ALGERIA : CONTRIBUTION OF PHARMACEUTICAL INTERVENTIONS
Authors: Fareh S , Djedid S , Boukersoul N , NH Ould Amar , H Fetati , N Mekaouche , A Memou , I Senhadji , M Seddiki , Z Mansouri , F Boudia , H Toumi H 
Published: January 2019

Introduction: Mycophenolate mofetil (MMF) is an immunosuppressant indicated for organ transplantation and other autoimmune diseases. The pharmacological therapeutic monitoring (PTM) of the MMF based on the measurement of the area under the curve (AUC) is justified. Objective: The objective of our study was to evaluate the contribution of pharmaceutical interventions emitted during MMF PTM of patients with autoimmune diseases in the pharmacovigilance service of the EHU of Oran-Algeria. Material and Methods: This is a retrospective descriptive study of 5 years, dealing with patients treated by MMF for all autoimmune diseases in pharmacovigilance service of the EHU of Oran-Algeria. In total, 60 patients were monitored. The average age of the study population was 29.81 years with a female predominance of 56.66% (sex ratio 0.7). Result and Discussion: In our study lupus nephropathy represents the most common pathology with a rate of 51.67%, followed by nephrotic syndrome with 41.67%. 106 AUC were measured, 37.74% were below 30 mg.h / l, 49.06% were between 30 and 60 mg.h / l and 13.20% of the AUC were above 60 mg / h. / l. The signs of intolerance observed were: 60.42% of the disturbances of the hemogram, 16.67% of the various infections, 12.5% of the cutaneous affections and 10.41% of the digestive disorders. Various pharmaceutical opinions have been issued to manage this drug iatrogenic. Conclusion: The results of our study show that PTM has a major interest in predicting of response to MMF in autoimmune diseases. The application of MMF PTM in routine clinical practice should be generalized to adjust the dosage of MMF to improve the efficacy and reduce the adverse effects of this drug.
Angiographic characteristics of contralateral asymptomatic eyes in acute Central serous chorio-retinopathy in an Asian population
Authors: Gurung Rajya L , Anwar Afaque 
Published: January 2019

Background: Acute Central serous chorioretinopathy (CSCR) is characterised by an idiopathic circumscribed serous retinal detachment, usually confined to the central macula.
Aims and Objective: We aimed to analyse the angiographic characteristics of contra-lateral asymptomatic eyes of patients presenting with acute CSCR in an Asian population.
Materials and methods: This is a retrospective study of 70 consecutive patients presenting with acute CSCR who underwent detailed fundus evaluation and fluorescein angiography within 1 year period.
Results: Fluorescein angiograms of 70 patients were analysed . Male to female ratio was 10.66 : 1. The age range of patients was ( 24-54 ) years , median 37 years and mean age 38.37 years with standard deviation 6.78 . Active tobacco use was found in 34 (48.6%) eyes and systemic steroid use in 2 (2.8%) eyes. Majority, 48 (34.3% ) of symptomatic and all 70(100% ) of contralateral asymptomatic eyes had presenting best corrected visual acuity ( BCVA ) of ≥ 20/60. All 70 (100%) of symptomatic eyes had angiographic evidence of leakage in comparison to only 25(35.7%) of contralateral asymptomatic eyes. Multi-focal leakage was seen in 21 (30%) of symptomatic eyes and 6(8%) of asymptomatic eyes , inkblot leakage pattern being the most common in seen in 57 (81.4%) of symptomatic and 16 (22.8%) of asymptomatic eyes. The most common site of leakage was central seen in 62 (88.5%) of symptomatic eyes and 19 (27.1%) of contralateral asymptomatic eyes.
Conclusion: The findings in our study was comparable to other Asian studies. A considerable number of patients had angiographic evidence of CSCR in the contralateral asymptomatic eye.
Morphological spectrum of atherosclerotic lesions in a tertiary care Institute in Punjab
Authors: Gupta Rajiv Kumar , Tyagi Ruchita , Singh Vikrampal , Kapoor Samir , Singh Gurmeet , Ralhan Sarju , Selhi Pavneet Kaur , Garg Bhavna , Kaur Harpreet , Sood Neena , Aslam Naved , Wander Gurpreet Singh 
Published: January 2019

Background: The incidence of coronary artery disease (CAD) has risen considerably in developing world due to industrialization, urbanisation and lifestyle changes, especially among Indians and South Asians. The onset of CAD has been seen to occur at an early age and the severity of the disease and mortality associated with CAD has also increased. The pathology of atherosclerosis needs to be re-evaluated to develop targeted therapy which can contain the disease process at the earliest stage.
Aims and Objectives: Most of the morphological studies on atherosclerosis have been done on autopsy cases. In this study, we have analysed the morphological spectrum of atherosclerotic lesions in live patients.
Materials and Methods: We retrospectively analysed the histopathology slides of 85 cases whose endarterectomy plaques were received in the Department of Pathology over a period of three and half years (January 2014 to June 2017) and classified the lesions according to Modified American Heart Association classification of atherosclerosis.
Results: The average age of patients was 60 years and male to female ratio of 4.3:1. Left anterior descending artery was the commonest vessel involved (52.4%). Majority of the cases had fibrocalcific plaques,followed by fibrous cap atheroma and calcified nodules.
Conclusion: Coronary artery plaques were found even in patients less than 40 years old. Aggressive lipid defense therapy needs to be the cornerstone of management of CAD.
Prevalence of low birth weight babies and its association with socio-cultural and maternal risk factors among the institutional deliveries in Bharatpur, Nepal
Authors: Bansal Prerna , Garg Sandeep , Upadhyay Hari Prasad 
Published: January 2019

Background: The low birth weight (LBW) is considered as sensitive index of nation’s health and development. Almost a third of the newborn in the South East Asia region is low birth weight. Over three- quarters of newborn deaths in Nepal occur in low birth weight babies. The causes of low birth weight are multi-factorial and birth weight is determined by the interaction of both socio-demographic and biological factors.
Aims and Objective: To find out the prevalence of low birth weight babies among institutional deliveries and its association with socio-cultural and maternal risk factors.
Materials and Methods: A hospital based cross-sectional study was undertaken comprising of 220 postnatal mothers along with singleton live born baby delivered in College of Medical Sciences and Teaching Hospital, Bharatpur, Nepal during the study period of April 2011 to March 2012. Binary logistic regression was used to find the association between dependent variable (LBW) and independent variables. Model accuracy test in binary logistic regression was done by using Hosmer and Lemeshow Test . To find the strength of binary logistic regression Pseudo R-square was used.
Results: Out of 220 respondents, the prevalence of LBW was 23.6% (with 95% CI 21.88 to 25.32%). The risk factors like rest received in afternoon during pregnancy, dietary intake during pregnancy and period of gestation were found to be statistically significant. The odds of having LBW babies was 9.07 times higher in preterm births, 2.44 times higher among mothers who took afternoon rest of less than two hours and 3.44 times higher among those mothers who took dietary intake less or same as before during pregnancy. The variation in LBW due to these factors was found to be 22.9% to 34.4%.
Conclusion: The prevalence of low birth weight was found to be significantly high among institutional deliveries of this region of the country. Socio-cultural and maternal risk factors like rest received in the afternoon during pregnancy, dietary intake during pregnancy and period of gestation were found to be significantly associated with low birth weight babies. The problem of low birth weight babies can be lessened down as most of these factors can be tackled easily by providing adequate and effective antenatal care services with its maximum utilisation as well as home care by emphasising upon education of mothers and family members, hence decreasing infant and child mortality rates.
Outcome of Patients Admitted with Exertional Heat Related Illness in Intensive Care Unit of Tertiary Care Hospital
Authors: Amatya Bishwo Ram , Shrestha Bikal , Rayamajhi Mallika , K.C. Nagendra Bahadur , Karki Pranaya 
Published: January 2019

Introduction: Exertional heat related illness particularly heat stroke is very common life threatening condition that frequently occur in young military trainee due to high ambient temperature and humidity.
Objective: The study was undertaken to identify its outcome in recruits admitted in intensive care units of military tertiary care hospital.
Methods: An observational cross-sectional descriptive study was done among those recruits admitted in Intensive Care Unit of military tertiary care hospital with diagnosis of heat related illness from June 2016 to August 2017 A.D. Data based on hospital case records were collected and analyzed using SPSS version 22. Primary outcome studied was mortality. Secondary outcomes studied were length of stay in ICU, hospital and on ventilator.
Results: Out of 17 recruits, 12 were diagnosed as heat exhaustion and 5 were diagnosed as heat stroke. SOFA score for heat stroke and heat exhaustion patients ranged from 2-16 and 0- 2 with respective mortality rate 7-95% and 0-7%. APACHE II score for heat stroke and heat exhaustion patients ranged from 5-33 and 0-5 with respective mortality rate 5.80-73% and 0-5.80%. There was no mortality among 12 heat exhaustion patients. Out of 5 heat stroke patients, 3 died with 60% mortality rate. Heat stroke patients had maximum stay of 4 days in ICU, hospital for 5 days and ventilator for 4 days.
Conclusion: Exertional heat related illness is common in young military trainee with heat exhaustion and heat stroke being common causes for ICU admission. Heat stroke has higher mortality rate due to multiple organ dysfunction.
Influence of Central Corneal Thickness (CCT) on the Intraocular Pressure (IOP) Measurements Taken From Goldmann Applanation Tonometer, Tonopen, and Airpuff Tonometer.
Authors: Khatri Anadi , Thapa Madhu , Kharel Muna , Sah Apoorva , Bhattarai Kripa , Joshi Kriti 
Published: January 2019

Introduction: Intraocular pressure (IOP) is one of the basic and most important investigations. Central corneal thickness influences IOP measured by various devices.
Objective: In this study, we attempt to determine the agreement and influence of the central corneal thickness in the measurement of IOP obtained by Goldman applanation tonometer, Airpuff tonometer and tonopen.
Methodology: A cross-sectional analytical study of Central corneal thickness (CCT) was done using Ultrasonic pachymetry. IOP was adjusted using Ehler's formula. Mean and the standard deviation was measured using the observed and predicted values for each instrument for its accuracy irrespective of the CCT.
Results: 200 eyes of 100 patients were included in the study. Mean IOP measured was 16mmHg (SD 4). Tonopen was found to have closer observed values when compared with the predicted values to IOP obtained by Goldmann's applanation tonometer after CCT adjustments with Mean difference of 0.0134 mmHg with SD of 0.814. Air Puff tonometer was found to be the least accurate with Mean difference -2.08mmHg and SD of 4.704. Linear regression analysis also predicted that while the tonopen tend to underestimate the IOP levels by 5 %, Airpuff tonometer had a tendency to overestimate the IOP by 13%.(p<0.05).
Conclusion: Tonopen had the greatest agreement and significant correlation with the GAT over a range of IOP and CCT and replicate measurements that are closest to the values obtained by using GAT after CCT adjustments. CCT adjustments may not even be required or has very little influence on IOP when using Tonopen.
Pattern and Risk Factor associated with Congenital Anomalies among Young Infants Admitted in Dhulikhel Hospital
Authors: Singh Srijana Dongol , Shrestha Ranendra Prakash Bahadur , Poudyal Prithuja , Sradanandha Sanjel , Shrestha Shrinkala 
Published: January 2019

Introduction: Birth defects are defined as structural and functional defects that develop during the organogenesis periods and present at birth or detected later in life. They are an important cause of morbidity and mortality in infants. The known causes of birth defects are mostly genetic effect modified by environmental factors which may be prevented.
Objective: The main objective of the study was to determine the association of certain risk factors with birth defects occurring in newborn and infant seeking care in Dhulikhel Hospital, Kavre, Nepal.
Methodology: This is a hospital based, cross sectional and comparative study involving 219 young infant below 2 months of age admitted in the Dhulikhel Hospital, Kathmandu University Hospital. We enrolled infants admitted at Neonatal intensive care unit, Neonatal ward, and neonates staying with mother in post natal wards, from 1stJanuary 2015 to 31stDecember 2017.
Results: Incidence of congenital malformations involvement of neonates in our hospital was 1.1% among the live births. The most frequent was cardiovascular systems 29(26.8%) followed by musculoskeletal system 17(15.7%) and face 15(13.8%). Less than 4 in number of Antenatal visit (p=0.017), not using folic acid during early pregnancy (p<0.001) and low socioeconomic conditions (p<0.001) were significantly associated with congenital malformations. Among all congenital anomalies complex congenital heart disease has poor outcome.
Conclusion: The most common congenital defects involved cardiovascular and musculoskeletal system. Lack of antenatal visit, lack of folic acid during periconceptional age and low socioeconomic conditions are the most common risk factors identified for congenital anomalies.
Morbidity Profile of Under Five Children Residing in Barbote Village Development Committee of Ilam District of Eastern Nepal
Authors: Sharma Khem Raj , Dawadi Suyash , Upadhayaya Pawan , Khanal Vijay Kumar , Singh Suman Bahadur 
Published: January 2019

Introduction: In 2017, the under five mortality rate in low-income countries was 69 deaths per 1000 live births–around 14 times the average rate in high-income countries. Children constitute a vulnerable group and the first five years can be considered as a transition phase from the mother's womb to a social platform. Morbidity status of very young children is considered to be an important index of the health status of the community. However, studies done to assess the morbidity profile of Children in rural Nepal are few, and the children's health status is largely unknown. The information collected through Health Management Information System (HMIS) of Nepal Government mainly represent the population that accessed the services but do not represent the population that utilized private clinics/hospitals or did not access it at all.
Objective: This study was conducted to assess the morbidity status of under-five children and its associated factors in Barbote Village Development Commitiee (VDC) of Ilam district of eastern Nepal.
Methodology: A community based cross-sectional study was conducted among all the eligible under five children of Barbote VDC of Ilam District for two weeks from 16-30 March, 2016. Face-to-face interviews were conducted with the legal guardian/ caretaker of the children with pre-tested, semi-structured questionnaire. Calibrated & validated equipment were used for simple biophysical measurements. Odds Ratio (OR) with confidence limit was calculated to examine the strength of association between the variables with the probability of significance set at 95% of Confidence interval (CI).Ethical permission was taken from the Institutional Review Committee (IRC) of BP Koirala Institute of Health Sciences, Dharan.
Results: Of the total 406 under-five children studied, 35.5% complained of illness such as acute respiratory infection, diarrhea and fever within the past two weeks. Regression analysis by the backward conditional method disclosed the fact that children of households with low socioeconomic status and those using biomass fuel for cooking were significantly associated with presence of illness.
Conclusion: More than one-third of the under-five children in BarboteVDC of eastern Nepal were found to be ill mostly due to preventable causes. Factors significantly associated with the presence of illness included the use of biomass fuel and low socio-economic status.
Performance of Exotic Sweet Orange Genotypes at Dhankuta, Nepal
Authors: Pun Amar Bahadur , Thakur Manish Kumar 
Published: January 2019

The study was conducted to evaluate the varietal performance of sweet orange genotypes at National Citrus Research Program, Dhankuta, Nepal during 2015. Twenty 20 exotic as well as local genotypes planted in 2005 were evaluated for their fruit physio-chemical characteristics at their 10-years aged. Three genotypes: Malta Blood Red, Dhankuta Local and Valencia Late have resulted as superior genotypes for fruit yield characteristics. Some genotypes Delicious Seedless, Salustiana and Hamlin also exhibited excellent performance for their fruit size and weight; however these genotypes produced lower fruit number per plant. Pineapple, Meisheu-9, and Washington Navel had higher TSS. There was similar fruit maturity period commenced from 14 November to 28 December among the genotypes. Based on the results, the genotypes showing distinct characteristics of fruit yield and quality including fruit maturity period should be promoted to make variety diversity in Nepal.
Int. J. Appl. Sci. Biotechnol. Vol 6(4): 308-312
A Comparative Study on Dye Degradation by Leaf and Root Extracts of Parthenium hysterophorus L
Authors: Shahi Dipesh , Sapkota Rajiv 
Published: January 2019

The use of different dyes and pigments is increasing with the increase in industrialization leading to the high production of effluent. The effluent contaminated with dyes and dye-stuff has harmful effects on public health and the environment. Thus, the treatment of effluent is essential. Biological approaches are gaining much interest due to their cost-effective and eco-friendly nature over various physicochemical methods for the treatment of dye-contaminated wastewater. This study highlights on the biodegradation of congo red and malachite green by using leaf and root extracts of Parthenium hysterophorus. The extract and the dye were mixed in the ratio of 1:2 and incubated at 40ºC for 90 minutes. Decolorization assay was performed using UV visible spectrophotometer which indicated that decolorization was due to degradation of dyes into non-colored metabolites. The leaves extract exhibited higher decolorizing activity than roots extract. The maximum decolorization for leaves extract was 55.8% (congo red) and 51.6% (malachite green). Furthermore, phytotoxicity test was carried out to determine the effect of dyes and their degradation metabolites on seed germination and seedling growth of chickpea (Cicer arietinum L). The germination percentage and seedling growth were more in degradation metabolites than untreated dyes, indicating less toxic nature of degradation metabolites. Hence, it can be inferred that P. hysterophorus extracts can be used to treat dye wastewater and treated wastewater can be used for irrigation.
Int. J. Appl. Sci. Biotechnol. Vol 6(4): 327-331