bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Sex and Race Differences in the Utilization and Outcomes of Coronary Artery Bypass Grafting Among Medicare Beneficiaries, 1999–2014
Authors: Angraal Suveen , Khera Rohan , Wang Yun , Lu Yuan , Jean Raymond , Dreyer Rachel P. , Geirsson Arnar , Desai Nihar R. , Krumholz Harlan M. 
Published: July 2018

Background

With over a decade of directed efforts to reduce sex and racial differences in coronary artery bypass grafting (
CABG
) utilization, and post‐
CABG
outcomes, we sought to evaluate how the use of
CABG
and its outcomes have evolved in different sex and racial subgroups.

Methods and Results

Using data on all fee‐for‐service Medicare beneficiaries undergoing
CABG
in the United States from 1999 to 2014, we examined differences by sex and race in calendar‐year trends for
CABG
utilization and post‐
CABG
outcomes (in‐hospital, 30‐day, and 1‐year mortality and 30‐day readmission). A total of 1 863 719 Medicare fee‐for‐service beneficiaries (33.6% women, 4.6% black) underwent
CABG
from 1999 to 2014, with a decrease from 611 to 245
CABG
procedures per 100 000 person‐years. Men compared with women and whites compared with blacks had higher
CABG
utilization, with declines in all subgroups. Higher post‐
CABG
annual declines in mortality (95% confidence interval) were observed in women (in‐hospital, −2.70% [−2.97, −2.44]; 30‐day, −2.29% [−2.54, −2.04]; and 1‐year mortality, −1.67% [−1.88, −1.46]) and blacks (in‐hospital, −3.31% [−4.02, −2.60]; 30‐day, −2.80% [−3.49, −2.12]; and 1‐year mortality, −2.38% [−2.92, −1.84]), compared with men and whites, respectively. Mortality rates remained higher in women and blacks, but differences narrowed over time. Annual adjusted 30‐day readmission rates remained unchanged for all patient groups.

Conclusions

Women and black patients had persistently higher
CABG
mortality than men and white patients, respectively, despite greater declines over the time period. These findings indicate progress, but also the need for further progress.
Assessment of Different Cetirizine Dosing Strategies on Seasonal Allergic Rhinitis Symptoms: Findings of Two Randomized Trials
Authors: Urdaneta Eduardo R. , Patel Mitesh K. , Franklin Kathleen B. , Tian Xiaoyan , Wu Mei-Miau 
Published: July 2018

Background Cetirizine has been shown to be effective for relief of seasonal allergic rhinitis (SAR) symptoms. Allergic rhinitis symptoms have been reported to have circadian variations, with symptoms tending to be most bothersome overnight and in the morning. Objective To evaluate the effects of different cetirizine dosing schedules in comparison to twice daily (BID) chlorpheniramine and placebo on SAR symptoms at 12 and 24 hours postdose. Methods Study 1 subjects received cetirizine 10-mg once daily in the morning (QAM), cetirizine 10-mg once daily at bedtime (QHS), cetirizine 5-mg twice daily, or placebo. Study 2 subjects received cetirizine 5-mg QAM, cetirizine 10-mg QHS, chlorpheniramine 8-mg BID, or placebo. The primary end point was total symptom severity complex (TSSC); TSSC was the sum of symptom severity ratings averaged over the 2-week study period. Post hoc analyses of reflective symptom severity assessed in the morning (TSSCAM) and in the evening (TSSCPM) were conducted to evaluate cetirizine’s effects at 12 and 24 hours postdose. Results In study 1, subject- and investigator-assessed TSSC was significantly lower in all cetirizine groups versus placebo ( P ≤ .003). In study 2, subject-assessed TSSC was significantly lower in all cetirizine groups versus placebo ( P ≤ .04) and was numerically lower for investigator-assessed TSSC. Post hoc analyses demonstrated that cetirizine significantly improved TSSCAM at 12 and 24 hours postdose versus placebo in both studies regardless of dosing schedule. TSSCPM significantly improved at 12 and 24 hours postdose in all study 1 cetirizine groups versus placebo. In study 2, versus placebo, TSSCPM significantly improved at 12 hours postdose in cetirizine 5-mg QAM group and numerically improved at 24 hours postdose in cetirizine 10-mg QHS group. Conclusion Regardless of dosing regimen, cetirizine demonstrates effective 24-hour relief of SAR symptoms, particularly on TSSCAM, which assesses overnight and early morning symptom control.
Failure-Aware Kidney Exchange
Authors: Dickerson John P. , Procaccia Ariel D. , Sandholm Tuomas 
Published: July 2018

Algorithmic matches in fielded kidney exchanges do not typically result in an actual transplant. We address the problem of cycles and chains in proposed matches failing after the matching algorithm has committed to them. We show that failure-aware kidney exchange can significantly increase the expected number of lives saved (i) in theory, on random graph models; (ii) on real data from kidney exchange match runs between 2010 and 2014; and (iii) on synthetic data generated via a model of dynamic kidney exchange. This gain is robust to uncertainty over the true underlying failure rate. We design a branch-and-price–based optimal clearing algorithm specifically for the probabilistic exchange clearing problem and show that this new solver scales well on large simulated data, unlike prior clearing algorithms. Finally, we show that failure-aware matching can increase overall system efficiency and simultaneously increase the expected number of transplants to highly sensitized patients, in both static and dynamic models. This paper was accepted by Yinyu Ye, optimization.
COLOSTROTERAPIA: UMA REVISÃO DA LITERATURA
Authors: Lopes Jéssica Blatt , De Oliveira Luciana Dias , Soldateli Betina 
Published: July 2018

Introdução: os nascimentos prematuros são considerados um problema de saúde pública. Estimativas indicam que aproximadamente 30% dos recém-nascidos pré-termo apresentam complicações inerentes a esta condição, decorrentes de uma resposta imunológica imatura, bem como da imaturidade de seu trato digestivo, que ocasionam importantes sequelas em longo prazo, como déficit de crescimento, atraso no neurodesenvolvimento, comprometimento da visão e audição, com danos irreparáveis à saúde infantil. A colostroterapia é uma técnica reconhecidamente segura que utiliza o colostro materno com a finalidade de proporcionar aos recém-nascidos prematuros proteção imunológica precoce. Este artigo pretende responder à seguinte questão: qual o impacto da colostroterapia na saúde dos prematuros? Objetivo: revisar as evidências sobre os benefícios da colostroterapia para os recém-nascidos prematuros. Metodologia: revisão narrativa da literatura. A busca dos artigos foi feita nas bases de dados Pubmed, Cochrane, Biblioteca Virtual em Saúde, Medline EBSCO, Proquest, Embase e Banco de Teses da Capes, sem restrição de linguagem ou período de publicação. A literatura cinza incluiu teses, dissertações e resumos não publicados. Os descritores utilizados na estratégia de busca foram: leite humano, prematuro e colostro. Além destes, foram utilizados os termos “colostroterapia”, “colostrum oropharyngeal administration” e “colostrum oral administration”. Resultados: foram incluídos nesta revisão os resultados de nove estudos, sendo oito controlados e um observacional. Diferentes desfechos foram medidos nos estudos, com enfoques relacionados à nutrição e ao crescimento, desfechos clínicos, avaliação da colonização da mucosa oral do recém-nascido, além da avaliação de mediadores do desenvolvimento imunológico, como imunoglobulina A sérica e lactoferrina secretadas na urina. Ao comparar os grupos que receberam a colostroterapia com os controles, os achados são positivos, como menor tempo para se atingir a dieta enteral plena, maior peso médio em 36 semanas de vida, efeito protetor para desenvolvimento de sepse e melhores taxas de aleitamento materno na alta hospitalar do que as crianças que não receberam a terapia com colostro. Conclusões: apesar de não existirem fortes evidências do impacto clínico da colostroterapia, esta não oferece risco para as crianças. São necessárias mais evidências sobre o impacto da colostroterapia na prevenção dos desfechos clínicos de maior incidência em prematuros para apoiar a implantação generalizada desta prática nas unidades neonatais.DOI: 10.12957/demetra.2018.29813
The inhibition activity of essential oil and crude extract of nutmeg seedâ€™s (Myristica fragrans Houtt and Myristica fattua Houtt) on the growth of Xanthomonas campestris Oammel from broccoli (Brassica oleracea var. italica)
Authors: KUSUMANINGRUM GALUH SARI , SURANTO SURANTO , SETYANINGSIH RATNA 
Published: July 2018

The aims of this research were to study the inhibition activity of essential oil and crude extract of nutmeg seed (Myristica fragrans and M. fattua) on growth of Xanthomonas campestris which is pathogen to broccoli (Brassica oleracea var. italica), to find out the best concentration of those substances to prevent X. campestris and to compare the inhibition activity of both substances on growth of X. campestris. The essential oil of nutmeg seed (M. fragrans and M. fattua) was obtained by Stahl distillation, while crude extract of the nutmeg seeds was extracted by methanol method. The method of this research was the disk diffusion method on nutrient agar. Paper disk was prestreaked on agar medium with X. campestris to be tested. Each petri disk was placed 5 paper disk dropped with the essential oil and the crude extract of the nutmeg seed in concentrations of 100%, 10%, 1% respectively, while for the comparison, the bactericide Agrept 0,2% was used. The parameters measured were the inhibition zone from the essential oil and the crude extract of the nutmeg seeds. The result of the analysis indicated that the essential oil of M. fragrans effectively inhibited X. campestris starting at concentration of 1%, the essential oil of M. fattua effectively inhibited X. campestris at concentration of 10% and the crude extract of M. fragrans effectively inhibited X. campestris at concentration of 100%. The crude extract of M. fattua was not effective in inhibiting the growth of X. campestris.
Callus growth and essential oil of nilam (Pogostemon cablin (Blanco) Bth.) on the treatment with ï¡-naphtalen acetic acid and kinetin
Authors: TRIMULYONO GUNTUR , SOLICHATUN SOLICHATUN , MARLIANA SOERYA DEWI 
Published: July 2018

The objectives of the research were to study the effect of adding of Î± - naphtalen acetic acid (NAA) and kinetin on callus growth and essensial oil production from nilam (Pogostemon cablin (Blanco) Bth.) callus culture. The outline of the research was the callus growth and secondary metabolite production from plantâ€™s body could be triggered by the occurrence of plant growth regulation. The addition NAA and kinetin in cultureâ€™s medium would influence cell proliferation and synthesis of protein, so that both can induce callus growth and secondary metabolism production from the cell that have been cultured. According to the research objectives, the research was done by using in vitro callus culture method to obtain callus from explant P. cablin leaf and to induce essensial oil production. In vitro culture process consist of two stages. First stage was the callus initiation medium induced the callus from explant. The experiment was done by medium Murashige-Skoog (MS) with 2,4-D 0,5 mg/l and kinetin 0.5 mg/l; and the second stage was the medium treatment induced callus growth and essensial oil production. The research used factorial completely randomized design with two factors (NAA concentration: 0mg/l, 0,5 mg/l, 1,0 mg/l, 2,0 mg/l; and kinetin concentration: 0 mg/l, 0,5 mg/l, 1,0 mg/l, 2,0 mg/l) with 3 replicates. The collected data were qualitative data (callus morphology include texture and colour callus) and quantitative data (callus growth rate, callus dry weight and essensial oil content). Data were analyzed by Anova and followed by DMRT 5% confidence level and correlation regretion. The result of the research indicated the treatment with addition plant growth regulation (NAA and kinetin) on Murashige-Skoogâ€™s medium had significant effect on callus growth rate but it didnâ€™t have significant effect on callus dry weight and the increase of produced essential oil.
Optimation xilitol production with variation of sugar cane bagasse hemicellulose hydrolysate concentration by Candida tropicalis
Authors: WAHYUNI WAHYUNI , SUSILOWATI ARI , SETYANINGSIH RATNA 
Published: July 2018

The aims of this research were to study the growth of C. tropicalis, the optimation of xilitol production and the efficiency of xilitol production by varying the concentration of sugar cane bagasse hemicellulose hydrolysate. The frame work of this research was bioconversion xilosa into xilitol by C. tropicalis influenced substrate concentration in production medium. By using different sugar cane bagasse hemicellulose hydrolysate concentration could be known the optimum sugar cane bagasse hemicellulose hydrolysate concentration on xilitol production by introducing C. tropicalis. The methods used in this experiment were as follow: sugar cane bagasse was hydrolyzed by H2SO4 0.035 M in autoclave at 121ï‚°C, 2 atm for 20 minutes. The liquid fraction was concentrated at 50ï‚°C using rotary evaporator. The hydrolysate was neutralized with Ca(OH)2 to a pH of 10 and then removed by centrifugation at 2000 rpm for 20 minutes. The hydrolysate was added with H2SO4 to a pH 6.5 and then removed by centrifugation at 2000 rpm for 20 minutes and sterilized by autoclaving at 121ï‚°C for 15 minutes. Sugar cane bagasse hemicellulose hydrolysate concentration was variated from 10%, 20%, and 30% and used as substrate in production medium. Bioconversion process by C. tropicalis lasted for 4 days. Parameters used in this experiment were biomass of C. tropicalis measured by hemacytometer, xilosa and xilitol concentration in the sugar cane bagasse hemicellulose hydrolysate and production medium was analyzed by High Performance Liquid Chromatographic (HPLC). The results showed that: the growth of C. tropicalis lasted for 4 days of cultivation increased in every variation of sugar cane hemicellulose hydrolysate concentration. The optimum xilitol production founded in production medium contained 20% sugar cane bagasse hemicellulose hydrolysate in the third days cultivation with xilitol production 10.258 g/l, yield 0.22 g/g and biomass of C. tropicalis 2.9 x 108 cell/ml; The optimum efficiency of xilitol production from sugar cane bagasse hemicellulose hydrolysate by C. tropicalis was 24.21% in 20% sugar cane bagasse hemicellulose hydrolysate in the third days cultivation.
Nutritional composition analysis of seaweed Sargassum crassifolium J. Agardh.
Authors: HANDAYANI TRI , SUTARNO SUTARNO , SETYAWAN AHMAD DWI 
Published: July 2018

The aims of the research were to find out nutritional composition of seaweed Sargassum crassifolium J. Agardh i. e. concentration of protein, amino acids, mineral (ash), mineral elements (Ca, Fe, and P), vitamin C, vitamin A, lipid, fatty acids and alginates. S. crassifolium is a species of brown seaweed that is consumed as source of food, however, it have not optimally used due to the nutritional composition information does not complete yet. The measurement of protein concentration was done according to Lowry method, while amino acids concentration was measured using High Performance Liquid Chromatography (HPLC). Mineral (ash) was measured by dry ash processing, and mineral elements of Ca, Fe, and P were measured using atomic absorption spectrophotometer (AAS) and UV-Vis spectrophotometer. Vitamin C concentration was measured by titration method, while vitamin A was measured using UV-Vis spectrophotometer. Lipid was measured by extraction method using soxhlet, fatty acids by fatty acids methyl esters (FAMEs) method, and alginates were measured by extraction method. The results indicate that the thallus of S. crassifolium contain protein in the average of 5.19% (w/w), and 17 amino acids (in Î¼mol amino acid/g wet weight) varies from 13.77 of glutamic acid to 0.83 for hydroxilicine concentration. Mineral/ash content was 36.93% (w/w), Ca: 1540.66 mg/100 g, Fe: 132.65 mg/100 g, P: 474.03 mg/100 g, vitamin C: 49.01 mg/100 g, vitamin A: 489.11 Î¼g RE/100 g, lipid: 1.63% (w/w), fatty acids concentrations were: 1.45%, 3.53%, 29.49%, 4.10%, 13.78%, 33.58%, 5.94% for lauric acid, meristic acid, palmitic acid, palmitoleic acid, oleic acid, linoleic acid, and linolenic acid subsequently. The concentration of alginates was 37.91% (w/w).
The effect of varied NAA concentration agains growth and flavonoid content of Gynura procumbens (Lour) Merr. callus
Authors: HARDIYANTO ARIF , SOLICHATUN SOLICHATUN , MUDYANTINI WIDYA 
Published: July 2018

The aim of this research is to study the influence of naphthalene acetic acid (NAA) concentration variation in the callus growth and flavonoid content of daun dewa [Gynura procumbens (Lour) Merr.]. The research framework relied on the benefit of daun dewa as anti cancer drug. This matter enabled by its compound cytotoxic from compound flavonoid contained. Culture in vitro technique serves the purpose of medium to produce the secondary metabolism. Addition of NAA as treatment for the induction of callus will promote cell enlargement and the growth of callus so that callus which later will be analysed by its flavonoid content. This research was conducted with two phase. First phase represented the phase of antecedent attempt in the form of callus induction to get the good callus. Addition of NAA and kinetin conducted to promote the cell proliferation. The parameter of this phase is texture, colour, and moment of callus appearance. Second phase is the form of NAA concentration variation treatment phase. At this research, it conducted with the random device complete with one factor that is 5 concentration NAA is 0 mg/L; 0,5 mg/L; 1,0 mg/L; 1,5 mg/L and 2,0 mg/L. The parameter of this phase is wet weight of the callus, dry weight of the callus, texture of the callus, colour of the callus, and flavonoid content. The result of this research indicated that the addition NAA does not influence on callus growth and the flavonoid content of callus daun dewa.
Blood glucose and total cholesterol content of hyperglycemic white male rat (Rattus norvegicus L.) after orally intakes of methanol meniran (Phyllanthus niruri L.) root extract
Authors: FAHRI CHASBI , SUTARNO SUTARNO , LISTYAWATI SHANTI 
Published: July 2018

The aims of this research were to study the effect of methanol meniran (Phyllanthus niruri L.) root extract given to the blood glucose and total cholesterol content, and which level of concentration giving significant effect alloxan treatment. Meniran root contains ellagic acid as antioxidant which provides hypoglycemic capability to reduce diabetic blood glucose. This research was done by using completely randomized design (CRD) including eight treatments as follow: negative control (CMC 1%, 2 mL/200 g bw), positive control (glibenclamide 0,126 mg/200 g bw), normal control, meniran root extract in various concentration (2; 4; 6; 8; 10 mg/200 g bw). Data were elucidated until 15 day of treatment and analyzed using ANOVA followed by DMRT at 5% confidence level. The result indicated that meniran root extract giving significant effect on the reduction of blood glucose, however, it does not appear to have the same result to total cholesterol content. At various concentration of meniran root extract, the total cholesterol of rat remains stable. The optimum concentration to provide hypoglycemic activity raised at 10 mg/200 b bw dose.
The influence of indol acetic acid on growth, quantity and diameter of secretory cells of turmeric rhizome (Curcuma domestica Val.)
Authors: WIJAYATI ARTA , SOLICHATUN SOLICHATUN , SUGIYARTO SUGIYARTO 
Published: July 2018

The aims the research were to study the influence of indol acetic acid (IAA) on growth, quantity and diameter of secretory cells of Curcuma domestica rhizome. Indol acetic acid has ability to stimulate division, enlargement and differentiation of parenchymal cell. Completely randomized design (CRD) with one factor of IAA application with concentration of 0, 100, 200, and 300 ppm subsequently in with triplicate was used in this study. The first application given when the plant was one month age, and then given once every two weeks until the plant was four months age. Parameters of growth including height, quantity and width of leaves were observed once every two weeks. The last observation was done for wet and dry weight of plant and rhizome. Anatomical parameter was done by preparing a semipermanent preparat, and continued with observation of quantity and diameter of the secretory cells. Data were then analyzed statistically by Anova followed with DMRT in 5% confidence level. The results indicated that IAA significantly influences plant height, leave width, plant weight at 200 ppm. Higher concentration of IAA raised the quantities of secretory cells, but decrease secretory cells diameters.
Comparision of volatile oil constituen of two species of kunci pepet (Kaempferia angustifolia Roscue. and K. rotunda Linn.)
Authors: SULIANTI SRI BUDI , CHAIRUL SOFNIE M. 
Published: July 2018

Two species of kunci pepet, i.e. K. angustifolia and K. rotunda (Zingiberaceae), had different aromas. We had been analyzed volatile oils of two species by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS). The volatile oils had been got by water-steam distillation. The GC chromatograms of K. angustifolia showed 16 compounds, 5 compounds of them was main compounds, i.e. cycloproazulene (21.86%), alloaromadendrene (20.79%), cyclopropnaphtalene (11.02%), (-)Î²-elemenene (16.00%), caryophyllene (16.00%), and isobornyl acetate (11.02%). The GC chromatograms of K. rotunda showed 10 compounds, 2 compounds of them was main compound, i.e. tetradecane (26.85%) and benzylbenzoic (55.46%). Based on chemical constituent of volatile oils, the two species of Kaempferia had similarity of 25.00-37.50%. Alloaromadendrene of K. angustifolia and benzylbenzoic of K. rotunda could be used to distinguish the two species of Kaempferia.
The effect of water availability on growth and saponin content of Talinum paniculatum Gaertn.
Authors: SOLICHATUN SOLICHATUN , ANGGARWULAN ENDANG , MUDYANTINI WIDYA 
Published: July 2018

Talinum paniculatum Gaertn. known as â€œginseng jawaâ€ is one of medicinal plant which has an important role as an aphrodisiac. The plant contains several active substances (secondary metabolites), there are saponin, alkaloid, essential oil, resin, tannin, flavonoid, glycoside, and sterol. The aims of this research were to know the effect of water availability on growth and saponin content of T. paniculatum. The experiment was installed as a completely randomized design, with one treatment and 5 replicates. The drought condition was be indicated with water availability of media on 4 level, that was 40% field capacity (drought/temporary wilting point), 60% field capacity, 80% field capacity, and 100% field capacity (waterlogged). The plants were being grown in the greenhouse. The result of the research indicated that the growth of T. paniculatum was be inhibited by drought condition. The lower of water availability had impacted on the lower of growth parameters (dry weight, water use efficiency, relative growth rate), but oppositely, the lower of water availability, the higher of saponin content. The drought condition (40% field capacity) had resulted the highest saponin content. The waterlogged condition (100% field capacity) had resulted the lowest saponin content.