bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Apical Resorption of Upper Incisors and Canines During Orthodontic Treatment in Class III Orthognathic Surgery Patients – a Longitudinal Cone Beam Computer Tomography Study
Authors: Gavare Ieva , Urtane Ilga , Jakobsone Gundega , Neimane Laura 
Published: July 2018

Summary

Introduction. Although severe root resorption is rare, it is a side effect of orthodontic treatment which affects tooth prognosis. Patients with severe dentofacial deformity, for whom orthodontic treatment and orthognathic surgery was done at the age of 18 and later, had long duration orthodontic treatment and orthognathic surgery, and are at a high risk of root resorption. The impact of orthognathic surgery on root resorption has not been sufficiently studied, and therefore is an interesting topic to research.

Aim of the Study. To identify the risk factors for apical root resorption of maxillary incisors and canines as a result of orthodontic and surgical treatment of Class III malocclusion involving LeFort I osteotomy.

Material and methods. The root lengths of upper incisors and canines were measured on cone beam computer tomography (CBCT) scans obtained from a database of orthognathic surgery patients. As a criteria for root resorption was chosen the difference in root lengths between different time points. The measurements were performed using the scans taken before orthodontic treatment (T1), before surgery (T2), and after post surgery orthodontic treatment (T3), of 28 subjects, aged 20.5 ± 3.81 years, with the mean presurgery treatment time of 19.9 ± 8.8 months, and post-surgery time of 7.1 ± 3.1 months. Changes in root lengths during different time spans were correlated with treatment duration, the initial crown/root ratio, and the severity of dentofacial deformity (Wits appraisal, ANB angle, and overjet).

Results. During T1 - T2 the roots of the lateral incisors shortened by a maximum of 0.78 ± 0.83 mm (p < 0.001), at a rate of 0.04 mm per month. During T2 - T3 the lengths of the central incisor roots decreased most by 0.49 ± 0.52 (p < 0.001) at a rate of 0.07 mm per month. The resorption speed for canines increased from 0.03 mm to 0.1 mm per month before and after surgery. There were statistically significant correlations between the crown-root ratio and the incisor root length (r = 0.319 for lateral and r = 303 for central, both p<0,05) and for canines (r = 482, p<0.01). The associations between the shortened root length, in different time spans for different teeth, and the severity of malocclusion were inconsistent.

Conclusions. Overall, the shortened root length during combined orthodontic and surgical treatment might not be clinically significant. After surgery, the rate of root resorption (mm per month) increased, especially for canines. The teeth with initially shorter roots showed more resorption during treatment.
Analysis of Variations in Air Pollution Fields in Selected Cities in Poland and Germany
Authors: Cichowicz Robert , Wielgosiński Grzegorz 
Published: July 2018

Abstract
Variations in immission fields resulting from emissions and pollutant dispersion in the atmosphere were investigated. The analysis was based on data from the four-year period covering the years 2012-2015, collected in two automatic atmospheric air monitoring stations, one located in Germany in Magdeburg which is the capital of Saxony-Anhalt and the other in Poland in Lodz, i.e. the seat of Lodz Region authorities. Selected immission monitoring stations in both cities are located in the areas with similar urban development and are characterized by high levels of pedestrian and car traffic. In both measuring stations the following atmospheric air pollutants were measured: PM10, sulfur dioxide, nitrogen oxide and nitrogen dioxide, and ozone (carbon monoxide was analyzed only for the station located in Lodz). On the basis of the measured data the periodic exceedance of air pollution limit values measured at both monitoring stations were observed, as well as the levels of particular pollutants and changes in immission fields were analyzed. It seems that this information may be useful not only to the competent authorities of the country but also to the users of these areas.
Use of Humic Sorbent from Sapropel for Extraction of Palladium Ions from Chloride Solutions
Authors: Platonova D.S. , Adeeva L.N. 
Published: July 2018

Abstract
A sorbent was synthesized by thermal processing of sapropel residue after the extraction of humic acids, and subsequently modified with polyhexamethyleneguanidine and humic acids pre-isolated from sapropel. The humic sorbent transformations have been studied under air at the temperature range of 20-1000°C by thermal analysis. The presence of various functional groups on the surface of a humic sorbent from sapropel has been confirmed by IR-spectroscopy. Sorption of palladium and nickel ions from water solutions was studied. The value of static capacity of the synthesized humic sorbent for palladium was 38.8±2.7, and for nickel ions was 32.0±1.8 mg/g, respectively. It has been established that the equilibrium of sorption was described by the Freundlich isotherm equation.
The effect of perturbations of frames and fusion frames on their redundancies
Authors: Rahimi Asghar , Zandi Golaleh , Daraby Bayaz 
Published: July 2018

Abstract
An interesting question about the perturbed sequences is: when do they inherit the properties of the original one? An elegant relation between frames (fusion frames) and their perturbations is the relation of their redundancies.
In this paper, we investigate these relationships. Also, we express the redundancy of frames (fusion frames) in terms of the cosine angle between some subspaces.
Liraglutide for psychiatric disorders: clinical evidence and challenges
Authors: Camkurt Mehmet Akif , Lavagnino Luca , Zhang Xiang Y. , Teixeira Antonio L 
Published: July 2018

Abstract
Obesity and diabetes are both risk factors and consequences of psychiatric disorders. Glucagon like peptide 1 (GLP-1) receptor agonists such as liraglutide are widely used in the treatment of diabetes and obesity. There are considerable amounts of preclinical studies showing the effects of liraglutide on promotion of neurogenesis, while preventing apoptosis and oxidation. Preliminary clinical evidence has suggested that liraglutide could decrease weight gain, improve cognition and prevent cognitive decline. Accordingly, liraglutide has been regarded as a potential candidate for the management of psychiatric disorders. Herein, we will discuss the association between obesity/diabetes and psychiatric disorders, and the emerging use of liraglutide in psychiatry.
IT for Peace? Fighting Against Terrorism in Social Media – An Explorative Twitter Study
Authors: Reuter Christian , Pätsch Katja , Runft Elena 
Published: July 2018

Abstract
The Internet and especially social media are not only used for supposedly good purposes. For example, the recruitment of new members and the dissemination of ideologies of terrorism also takes place in the media. However, the fight against terrorism also makes use of the same tools. The type of these countermeasures, as well as the methods, are covered in this work. In the first part, the state of the art is summarized. The second part presents an explorative empirical study of the fight against terrorism in social media, especially on Twitter. Different, preferably characteristic forms are structured within the scope with the example of Twitter. The aim of this work is to approach this highly relevant subject with the goal of peace, safety and safety from the perspective of information systems. Moreover, it should serve following researches in this field as basis and starting point.
Challenges and Opportunities in Designing Experiences for Advanced Amateur Sportsmen
Authors: Woźniak Paweł W. 
Published: July 2018

Abstract
While new technologies supporting the experience of sports appear every day, we still do not have a full understanding of how to design technology that augments the experience of physical exercise. As more and more users practice sports in western societies, interaction design must learn to readdress the practical, social, physical and psychological aspects of sports. In this paper, I reflect on my past studies in the nascent field of designing interactive technologies for advanced amateur sportsmen. I share the practical challenges involved in augmenting experiences of training and race day performance. I discuss issues of qualitative experience, community, motivation and temporality to highlight where current sports technologies are insufficient. In particular, I focus on the experiences of those already involved in training routines and place less emphasis on beginners or those who need to be convinced to practice sports. I then discuss reasons for the difficulties involved in developing sports technologies and propose potential solutions to those difficulties to identify ways to move interaction design for sports forward.
Experiment and Dynamic Simulation of PIG Motion during Pigging Operation in a Slope Pipeline
Authors: Zhou Jun , Deng Tao , Liang Guangchuan , Peng Jinghong , Meng Tian , Gong Jing 
Published: July 2018

Abstract
Pigging techniques are widely used in the oil and gas industry. The unsteady motion of the PIG in an undulating pipe section during the pigging process after a water pressure test affects the stable operation of the pipeline and also causes a pipe rupture accident in serious cases. First, an experimental study was conducted to investigate the pigging process of air–water two phase pipe flows, and the PIG reverse movement and hydraulic pulse phenomenon were observed. Subsequently, a hydraulic transient model of the pigging process after a water pressure test was established in a dual-grid system. The model combined mass and motion equations of gas and liquid and PIG dynamic equations, considered three types of PIG motion states, namely positive movement, reverse movement and still, and used the method of characteristics to solve the equations. The model exhibits the ability for PIG tracing and hydraulic pulse prediction. It can be used to obtain the position and speed of the PIG. Finally, the field data and simulation results were compared, and the results indicated that they are essentially identical. This verified the accuracy of the model that is established in this study and the reliability of computed results and provided a reliable and effective theoretical basis for the development of field pigging plans.
Multi-Stage Optimal Placement of Branch PMU in Active Distribution Network
Authors: Shu Wang , Xiangrui Kong , Zheng Yan , Xiaoyuan Xu , Han Wang 
Published: July 2018

Abstract
The penetration of distributed generation and electric vehicles requires advanced monitoring and control strategies to maintain the reliable operation of active distribution network (ADN). Phasor measurement unit (PMU), as an advanced measuring device, has been applied in the operation of transmission systems for decades. Recently, it is anticipated that PMUs can be adopted in the distribution network. In this paper, the optimal branch PMU (BPMU) placement is studied. First, an optimization model for the multi-stage BPMU placement is established considering the observability of ADN. Moreover, the weights of buses are designed to consider the influence of uncertain renewable energy generation and loads. Then, probabilistic load flow (PLF) is used to solve power flow with uncertainties, and weights of buses are obtained based on probability distributions of voltage magnitude. Finally, binary integer programming (BIP) is adopted to obtain the locations of BPMUs. The proposed method is tested on customized IEEE 33-bus and PG&E 69-bus distribution network, and the results are compared with those considering other methods.
Existence of Mild Solutions for Sobolev-Type Hilfer Fractional Nonautonomous Evolution Equations with Delay
Authors: Gou Haide , Li Baolin 
Published: July 2018

Abstract
This paper treats the existence of mild solutions for Sobolev-type Hilfer fractional nonautonomous evolution equations with delay in Banach spaces. We first characterize the definition of mild solutions for the studied problem which was given based on an operator family generated by the operator pair (A,B) and probability density function. And then via Hilfer fractional derivative and combining the techniques of fractional calculus, measure of noncompactness and Sadovskii fixed-point theorem, we obtain new existence result of mild solutions for Sobolev-type Hilfer fractional nonautonomous evolution equations. Particularly, the existence or compactness of an operator

B

−
1

$B^{-1} $

is not necessarily needed in our results. Furthermore, our results obtained improve and extend some related conclusions on this topic. At last, an example is given to illustrate our main results.
Ist das Neutrum ein irreguläres Restgenus? Zur Möglichkeit der Vermittlung erwerbsförderlicher Neutrum-Regeln
Authors: Koeppel Rolf 
Published: July 2018

ZusammenfassungIn allen Genussprachen gibt es semantische oder formale Regeln und Regularitäten, nach denen die überwiegende Zahl der Substantive ihr Genus erhält. Für das Deutsche hat Wegener (1995) gezeigt, dass nur fünf Regeln zwei Drittel der Substantive erfassen. Allerdings bleibt bei ihr das Neutrum außen vor. Dass dies aber kein Bereich des Irregulären ist, arbeitet der vorliegende Beitrag heraus. Allein mit formalen Regeln lassen sich 60 % der Neutra eines neueren Frequenzwörterbuchs korrekt voraussagen. Aufgrund der Befunde und unter Berücksichtigung der Semantik des Neutrums werden acht Schritte vorgeschlagen, in denen der DaF-Unterricht für die Regularitäten des Neutrums sensibilisieren kann, um den Genuserwerb der Lerner zu unterstützen.
Modeling and Optimization of a Liquid Flow Process using an Artificial Neural Network-Based Flower Pollination Algorithm
Authors: Dutta Pijush , Kumar Asok 
Published: July 2018

AbstractControlling liquid flow is one of the most important parameters in the process control industry. It is challenging to optimize the liquid flow rate for its highly nonlinear nature. This paper proposes a model of liquid flow processes using an artificial neural network (NN) and optimizes it using a flower pollination algorithm (FPA) to avoid local minima and improve the accuracy and convergence speed. In the first phase, the NN model was trained by the dataset obtained from the experiments, which were carried out. In these conditions, the liquid flow rate was measured at different sensor output voltages, pipe diameter and liquid conductivity. The model response was cross-verified with the experimental results and found to be satisfactory. In the second phase of work, the optimized conditions of sensor output voltages, pipe diameter and liquid conductivity were found to give the minimum flow rate of the process using FPA. After cross-validation and testing subdatasets, the accuracy was nearly 94.17% and 99.25%, respectively.
On the distribution of the Brazilian porcupine Coendou prehensilis (Erethizontidae) in Colombia
Authors: Torres-Martínez María M. , Ramírez-Chaves Héctor E. , Noguera-Urbano Elkin A. , Colmenares-Pinzón Javier E. , Passos Fernando C. , García Javier 
Published: July 2018

Abstract
The Brazilian porcupine Coendou prehensilis is distributed from northwestern South America to northeastern Paraguay and northwestern Argentina. In Colombia, it is present mainly in the Caribbean, the eastern Llanos and the Andean regions, which correspond to six of the biogeographical provinces of the country. Its presence in the Colombian Amazon region has been suggested based on records from neighboring countries such as Ecuador, Venezuela and Brazil. However, no voucher specimens or additional evidence that corroborates the presence of the species in that region of Colombia is known. Based on the review of specimens deposited in Colombian collections, analyses of photographic records, and the literature, the presence of the species in the Colombian Amazon is confirmed, and its distribution in the country updated. Overall, we found 36 records of C. prehensilis in Colombia, of which seven correspond to the Colombian Amazon (four photographic records and three specimens). A genetic analysis based on cytochrome-b suggests that this species is genetically uniform throughout its distributional range. These new records make C. prehensilis the most widespread species of the genus among natural regions and biogeographic provinces of Colombia. Other species are restricted to one or two provinces.
Knowledge, Practices and Views of Ghanaian Students with Visual Impairment about Hiv/Aids
Authors: Hayford Samuel K. , Avoke Selete , Ocansey Frederick 
Published: July 2018

Abstract
The study was designed to explore the general knowledge, practices and views of students with visual impairment about HIV/AIDS in order to identify the gaps in students’ knowledge and inform decisions on instructional strategies and materials to improve students’ knowledge. Specifically, the study examined the nature of knowledge students with visual impairment have about HIV/AIDS; described the practices and views of such students about individuals living with HIV/AIDS. The study adopted the descriptive cross-sectional survey design, and used multi-staged stratified, and purposive sampling techniques to select 83 students with visual impairment in two Junior High Schools in Ghana. The participants completed a questionnaire and the researchers adopted descriptive and inferential statistics including frequency distribution, percentages, and chi-square (X2) test, to analyze the data. The findings were that majority of students with visual impairments held correct notion about HIV/AIDS; although, majority of the students understood the mode of transmission of the disease, a significant number of them held misconceptions about the modes of transmission. For example, some of them felt HIV/AIDS can be transmitted through body contact, coughing and sneezing, sharing lavatories and casual kissing as well as blood donation. In terms of views about persons living with HIV/AIDS, there were no variations in the students’ opinions. Furthermore, knowledge about HIV/AIDS has positively influenced the sexual behaviour of majority of students in the study. Chi-square (X2) computation at 0.05 significant level revealed no variations in students’ responses according to sex. Recommendations were suggested to the Ministry of Education, the Ghana Education Service and other organizations for consideration.
A Portrait of Chinese Culture: Investigating Perceptions Presented in Children's Books
Authors: Giles Rebecca M. , Martin Susan F. , Paige Vitulli 
Published: July 2018

Abstract
Administrators, librarians, parents, teachers, and teacher educators need to be familiar with quality multicultural children's literature as a means of helping children develop an understanding of others as well as affirming their own diverse backgrounds. In this study, 31 fictional picture books identified as containing representations of ethnic Chinese or their culture were examined for literary quality and cultural authenticity. Six reviewers (three Chinese and 3 American) independently evaluated each book using a revised 10-item version of the Multicultural Children's Literature Evaluation Tool (Higgins, J. J. (2002). Multicultural children's literature: creating and applying an evaluation tool in response to the needs of urban educators. New Horizons in Education. Retrieved from http://education.jhu.edu/PD/newhorizons/strategies/topics/multicultural-education/multicultural-childrens-literature/index.html) with the highest possible score being 30. Results indicated good interrater reliability with the mean score of the Chinese and American reviewers differing by less than 5 points for 24 books (80 %). Three books received a mean score of 30 by at least one group of reviewers, and three books received a mean score of below 19 by at least one group of reviewers. With results of studies such as this one at their disposal, adults are better prepared to select quality, culturally authentic literature to share with children.
The impact of peoples’ personal dispositions and personalities on their trust of robots in an emergency scenario
Authors: Rossi Alessandra , Dautenhahn Kerstin , Koay Kheng Lee , Walters Michael L. 
Published: July 2018

AbstractHumans should be able to trust that they can safely interact with their home companion robot. However, robots can exhibit occasional mechanical, programming or functional errors. We hypothesise that the severity of the consequences and the timing of a robot’s different types of erroneous behaviours during an interaction may have different impacts on users’ attitudes towards a domestic robot. First, we investigated human users’ perceptions of the severity of various categories of potential errors that are likely to be exhibited by a domestic robot. Second, we used an interactive storyboard to evaluate participants’ degree of trust in the robot after it performed tasks either correctly, or with ‘small’ or ‘big’ errors. Finally, we analysed the correlation between participants’ responses regarding their personality, predisposition to trust other humans, their perceptions of robots, and their interaction with the robot. We conclude that there is correlation between the magnitude of an error performed by a robot and the corresponding loss of trust by the human towards the robot. Moreover we observed that some traits of participants’ personalities (conscientiousness and agreeableness) and their disposition of trusting other humans (benevolence) significantly increased their tendency to trust a robot more during an emergency scenario.
Gelation-Assisted Layer-by-Layer Deposition of High Performance Nanocomposites
Authors: Zhu Jian , Watts Douglas , Kotov Nicholas A. 
Published: July 2018

Abstract
Layer-by-layer (LBL) assembly produces nanocomposites with distinctively high volume fractions of nanomaterials and nanometer scale controlled uniformity. Although deposition of one nanometer scale layer at a time leads to high performance composites, this deposition mode is also associated with the slow multilayer build-up. Exponential LBL, spin coating, turbo-LBL and other methods tremendously accelerate the multilayer build-up but often yield lower, strength, toughness, conductivity, etc. Here, we introduce gelation assisted layer-by-layer (gaLBL) deposition taking advantage of a repeating cycle of hydrogel formation and subsequent polymer infiltration demonstrated using aramid nanofiber (ANF) and epoxy resin (EPX) as deposition partners. Utilization of ANF gels increases the thickness of each deposited layer from 1–10 nm to 30–300 nm while retaining fine control of thickness in each layer, high volume fraction, and uniformity. While increasing the speed of the deposition, the high density of interfaces associated with nanofiber gels helps retain high mechanical properties. The ANF/EPX multilayer composites revealed a rare combination of properties that was unavailable in traditional aramid-based and other composites, namely, high ultimate strength of 505±47 MPa, high toughness of 50.1±9.8 MJ/m3, and high transparency. Interestingly, the composite also displayed close-to-zero thermal expansion. The constellation of these materials properties is unique both for quasi-anisotropic composites and unidirectional materials with nanofiber alignment. gaLBL demonstrates the capability to resolve the fundamental challenge between high-performance and scalability. The gelation-assisted layered deposition can be extended to other functional components including nanoparticle gels.