bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Supramolecular protein-mediated assembly of brain extracellular matrix glycans
Authors: Tabet Anthony , Sokolowski Kamil , Shilts Jarrod , Kamp Marlous , Warner Nina , Hoogland Dominique , Scherman Oren A. 
Published: November 2018

Background: Hyaluronic acid (HA) is the major component of the extracellular matrix in the central nervous system and the only supramolecular glycosaminoglycan. Much focus has been given to using this high molecular weight polysaccharide for tissue engineering applications. In the majority of cases, HA is covalently functionalized with moieties that can facilitate network formation through physical selfassembly, or photo-catalyzed covalent crosslinking as the polysaccharide does not gel on its own. However, these covalent crosslinks are not the driving force of HA self-assembly in biological tissues. Methods: Oscillatory rheology and dynamic light scattering were used to study albumin/HA structures. Dynamic light scattering and transmission electron microscopy were used to study albumin/chondroitin sulfate (CS) structures. UV-vis spectroscopy was used to study mass transfer of a hydrophilic small molecule into the albumin/HA/CS materials. Results: In this work we examine the intermolecular interactions of two major glycans found in the human brain, HA and the lower molecular weight CS , with the protein albumin. We report physiochemical properties of the resulting supramolecular micro- and nanomaterials. Albumin/HA mixtures formed supramolecular gels, and albumin/CS mixtures formed micro- and nanoparticles. We also summarize the concentrations of HA and CS found in various mammalian brains. Conclusions: Simple preparation and combination of commercially available charged biomacromolecules under short time-scales can result in interesting self-assembled materials with structures at the micron and nanometer length-scales. Such materials may have utility in serving as cost-effective and simple models of nervous system electrostatic interactions and as in vitro drug release and mass transfer quantification tools.
Psoriasis presentations and potential treatment pathways
Authors: Lawton Sandra 
Published: November 2018

Psoriasis is a common condition that most practice nurses will come across frequently in patients. Understanding the various presentations and treatment options is vital to improving the quality of life for those living with this chronic condition Psoriasis is chronic, relapsing, inflammatory skin condition that affects over 2.8% of the general population in the UK ( Springate et al, 2016 ). Psoriasis has a varied clinical picture and, as a multisystem disorder, can have a huge impact on the quality of life for the affected individual ( Goyal and Bhatti, 2018 ). This article provides an overview of psoriasis, the clinical presentations and management principles of psoriasis, signposting the reader to guidance and pathways of care for patients and additional resources to inform their practice.
Assessment and management of common musculoskeletal injuries
Authors: Thomas Jonathan , Paynter Ann 
Published: November 2018

Musculoskeletal injuries are often presented in primary care, and general practice nurses should be aware of the best practice guidelines on accurate patient assessment, say Jonathan Thomas and Ann Paynter, which is as important as knowing when to refer The aim of this article is to discuss the assessment and management of patients that present to primary care with minor musculoskeletal injuries. Accurate patient assessment is essential and this article will explore important aspects to consider within the assessment as well as when to refer the patient.
Asthma adherence and the overuse of short-acting inhalers
Authors: Adsley Rosemary 
Published: November 2018

The UK has one of the highest mortality rates for young people who die from asthma compared to other high-income countries. Yet, despite the risks of the condition, many people living with asthma have poor adherence to their medication, explains Rosemary Adsley Asthma is a chronic respiratory condition affecting 5.4 million people in the UK, of whom 1.1 million are children ( Asthma UK, 2017 ). However, the UK has one of the highest mortality rates for those aged 5–34 years old who die as a result of asthma, in comparison to other high-income countries ( Global Asthma Network, 2018 ; Gupta et al, 2018 ). Many asthma patients require regular maintenance therapy, such as corticosteroid inhalers, but a significant number of patients are non-adherent to their medication regime. Identifying patients and tackling their reasons for non-adherence is crucial in order to optimise their care and reduce the risk of exacerbations ( Le and Simon, 2006 ; Murphy, 2014 ). This article will discuss some of the reasons for non-adherence and suggest possible methods to engage patients and improve adherence. It will also discuss how healthcare teams can work together and investigate some of the new and emerging technologies available that may aid in patient adherence.
Germline Genetics of Prostate Cancer: Time to Incorporate Genetics into Early Detection Tools
Authors: Fantus Richard J , Helfand Brian T 
Published: November 2018

Abstract

BACKGROUND
Prostate cancer (PCa) remains the most common solid malignancy in men, and its prevalence makes understanding its heritability of paramount importance. To date, the most common factors used to estimate a man's risk of developing PCa are age, race, and family history. Despite recent advances in its utility in multiple malignancies (e.g., breast and colon cancer), genetic testing is still relatively underutilized in PCa.

CONTENT
Multiple highly penetrant genes (HPGs) and single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) have been show to increase a patient's risk of developing PCa. Mutations in the former, like DNA damage repair genes, can confer a 2- to 3-fold increased risk of developing PCa and can increase the risk of aggressive disease. Similarly, PCa-risk SNPs can be used to create risk scores (e.g., genetic or polygenic risk scores) that can be used to further stratify an individual's disease susceptibility. Specifically, these genetic risk scores can provide more specific estimates of a man's lifetime risk ranging up to &gt;6-fold higher risk of PCa.

SUMMARY
It is becoming increasingly evident that in addition to the standard family history and race information, it is necessary to obtain genetic testing (including an assessment of HPG mutation status and genetic risk score) to provide a full risk assessment. The additional information derived thereby will improve current practices in PCa screening by risk-stratifying patients before initial prostate-specific antigen testing, determining a patient's frequency of visits, and even help identify potentially at-risk family members.
What do comics want? Drawing lived experience for critical consciousness
Authors: Newbigging Martha 
Published: November 2018

Abstract
This article presents a reflection on drawing autobiographical comics as a method of engagement with critical theory and the potential for illustration education. I suggest that drawing and sharing autobiographical comics might be used to engage illustration students to think critically about identity, representation and power. To illustrate this approach, I present my own practice-based research project that used comics-making as a method to make sense of queer ways of being in childhood – ways of being that may have been discounted, ignored or suppressed within a dominant heteronormative culture. The intention was to evoke a playful mode of drawing that might queer my illustration practice while braiding childhood memory with critical theory. As educators, to get our illustration students to think critically, we might start with the students’ own lived experience and enlist the potency of comics to visualize their stories as resilient and instructive counternarratives. I suggest that drawing comics might be reframed as a performative space for playing with our stories to understand the historical and socio-economic forces that shape our lives and identities. Through making and sharing autobiographical comics, we engage in a transgressional strategy that uses story and drawing as transformative tools for Freirean critical consciousness.
Group Recommender Systems – An Evolutionary Approach Based on Multi-expert System for Consensus
Authors: Meena Ritu , Minz Sonajharia 
Published: November 2018

Abstract
Recommender systems have focused on algorithms for a recommendation for individuals. However, in many domains, it may be recommending an item, for example, movies, restaurants etc. for a group of persons for which some remarkable group recommender systems (GRSs) has been developed. GRSs satisfy a group of people optimally by considering the equal weighting of the individual preferences. We have proposed a multi-expert scheme (MES) for group recommendation using genetic algorithm (GA) MES-GRS-GA that depends on consensus techniques to further improve group recommendations. In order to deal with this problem of GRS, we also propose a consensus scheme for GRSs where consensus from multiple experts are brought together to make a single recommended list of items in which each expert represents an individual inside the group. The proposed GA based consensus scheme is modeled as many consensus schemes within two phases. In the consensus phase, we have applied GA to obtain the maximum utility offer for each expert and generated the most appropriate rating for each item in the group. In the recommendation generation phase, again GA has been employed to produce the resulting group profile, i.e. the list of ratings with the minimum sum of distances from the group members. Finally, the results of computational experiments that bear close resemblance to real-world scenarios are presented and compared to baseline GRS techniques that illustrate the superiority of the proposed model.
Return to the Repressive: Re-thinking Nature- Culture in Contemporary Feminist Theory
Authors: Goldgaber Deborah 
Published: November 2018

Abstract
In “History of Sexuality” (Vol I.) Foucault argued that repression is the wrong model of power, understanding it in exclusively negative terms, as external to the body it constrains and inhibits. Power may also be positive, productive, and constitutive of the body and its possibilities. Thus, an adequate account of the relation between cultural forces and the body, Foucault argues, must challenge the “repressive hypothesis” (RH). Contemporary feminist accounts of the body are structured by this same oppositional view of power Foucault assumed: to call on Rosi Braidotti’s distinction, discursive (cultural) forces are either negative or repressive (potestas) or positive and empowering (potentia). In this paper I argue that this opposition forecloses several possibilities for thinking the morphogenetic role of culture. In particular, it assumes wrongly that repressive relations cannot be productive.
From natural products to drugs
Authors: Newman David J. 
Published: November 2018

Abstract
It is frequently assumed, particularly in the last 15 plus years, that “Natural Product Structures” are no longer a source of drugs in the twenty-first century. In fact, this is not at all true. Even today, in the search for novel agents against manifold diseases, natural product structures, some quite old and some quite recent, are behind the compounds that are either recently (last 5–10 years) approved or that are now in clinical trials against manifold diseases of man. This chapter will cover agents approved since 2010 to the end of 2017 by the US FDA and its equivalent in other countries, plus selected agents that have entered clinical trials against major diseases such as cancer and infections that have “in their chemical pedigree” a natural product structure, even if the final product may be totally synthetic in nature.
Using User-Centered Design to Build a Library Website
Authors: Bašić Josipa 
Published: November 2018

The rapid development of information technology and persuasive use of Internet in every aspect of an individual’s life changed the way library users use libraries and what content and services they expect from their library website. Library users often complain that library websites are not user friendly and do not allow customers to find information they need by themselves due to the clutter of the content and technical jargon understood only by librarians. For a library website to meet the needs and expectations of its customers, it needs to be designed using User-Centred Design. Following this approach, this paper proposed a process necessary to understand the library users, benchmark other library websites, conduct user needs assessment, define content strategy, conduct task analysis, card sorting, prototyping, heuristic review and usability testing to ensure the website is designed with its customers in mind. The process described in this paper is based on author’s experience in the UX industry.
The characteristics, emergent properties and manner of spread in Ukraine of the Porcine Epidemic Diarrhea Virus
Authors: Masiuk D. N. , Nedzvetsky V. S. , Sosnitskiy A. I. , Kokarev A. V. , Koliada S. G. 
Published: November 2018

Study of the emergent properties and paths of spreading of PEDV was carried out in a model experiment on newborn non-immune piglets obtained from a PED virus-free pig-breeding enterprise. The piglets were kept in separate specialized containers, with a volume of 1.0 m3, with access only through the opening at the top of the containers. The experimental group of the animals was infected with PEDV isolate extracted on one of the pig farms from the central region of Ukraine. Infection was carried out orally in a dose of 1–10 genome equivalents of virions. The control piglets, which were situated in the same room as the infected animals, were not deliberately infected. The study of biological material from piglets was carried out using the methods of bacteriology, histology and RT-PCR. To confirm the capability of PEDV to spread through house flies, specimens of Musca domestica vicina Mcq. were caught in the building where the experiment was carried out. The washings from the surface of their bodies were collected with sterile saline. Individually, 28 specimens of flies were selected. They were divided into two parts and the amount of virus in the homogenate of the fly bodies in these groups was determined with an interval between measurements of 72 hours. Study of PEDV in the washings and in flies body homogenates were carried out using RT-PCR. It is established that the field strain PEDV, belonging to the North American grouping II of the second group of the PED virus strains, is an emergent highly pathogenic agent for non-immune newborn piglets. In the model of piglets’ infection it is established that the tested PEDV strain has a high virulence for newborn piglets, DCL is 1–10 virions and the incubation period is 18–26 hours. PED is acute with lethality to 100% within 68–72 hours after infection. According to the results of RT-PCR in washing from the surface of the bodies of flies, it is established that one of the ways piglets are infected and the environment contaminated with the PED virus is the spread of the pathogen by the flies M. domestica vicina Mcq. This leads to the induction of the emergent form of PED in piglets. The presence of PEDV in the homogenate from bodies of M. domestica caught in the focus of infection and the absence of virus reproduction in their body confirms the role of the house fly in the mechanical spread of PEDV in the external environment.
SOIL STRUCTURAL QUALITY AS A FUNCTION OF MANAGEMENT IN AN INTEGRATED AGRICULTURAL PRODUCTION SYSTEM
Authors: Silva Matheus Henrique Martins , Frantz Raiane Maiara Gonzalez , Santos Eliza Fernanda Oliveira dos , Fortes Júnior Augusto Vicente , Artner Karen Andressa Ribeiro , Soares Edimar Rodrigues , Nogueira Adriana Ema 
Published: November 2018

O objetivo do trabalho foi avaliar a qualidade estrutural do solo, em função do manejo, em um SIPA no município de Rio Crespo-RO. O estudo foi realizado na fazenda Esperança, em setembro de 2017. Foram estudados os seguintes manejos: área 1: safra-milho-grao/safrinha-soja (2015/2016); safra-soja/Bracharia ruzizienses/pastejo-60 dias - 3,87 UA/ha (2015/2016); safra-soja/safrinha-milho-silagem/Bracharia ruzizienses pastejo-60 dias - 3,39 UA/ha (2016/2017); área 2: safra-milho-grao/safrinha-soja (2015/2016); safra-soja/Bracharia ruzizienses/pastejo-60 dias - 3,39 UA/ha (2015/2016); safra-soja/safrinha-milho-silagem/Bracharia ruzizienses - pastejo-60 dias - 4,22 UA/ha (2016/2017); área 3: crotalária/safra-milho-grao/safrinha-soja (2015/2016); safra-milho-grao (2015/2016); safra-soja/safrinha-milho-grão / Bracharia ruzizienses sem pastejo, área 4: crotalária/safra-milho-grao/safrinha-soja (2015/2016); safra-milho-grao /Bracharia ruzizienses/pastejo-60 dias - 3,20 UA/ha (2015/2016); safra-soja/safrinha-milho-grão/Bracharia ruzizienses - pastejo-60 dias - 4,22 UA/ha (2016/2017) e área 5: mata nativa. A avaliação da qualidade do solo foi feita visualmente pelo método de diagnóstico rápido da estrutura do solo, com atribuição de notas para o Índice de qualidade estrutural do solo (IQES) de 1 a 6. O IQES de cada área foram: área 1 - 5,67 (qualidade estrutural muito boa); área 1 e 4 com IQES de 4,12 e 4,05, respectivamente (qualidade estrutural boa). As áreas 2 e 5 com IQES de 2,77 e 2,54 respectivamente (qualidade estrutural ruim). A implantação de SIPAs resulta em melhoria na qualidade estrutural do solo. A melhor qualidade da estrutura do solo é obtida quando não se emprega pastejo animal. Em áreas com lotação animal maior que 4,0 UA/ha é necessário monitoramento constante da qualidade da estrutura do solo, observando também a distribuição homogênea dos animais na área.PALAVRAS-CHAVE: Estrutura do solo, Integração-lavoura-pecuária, Manejo conservacionista.
DENSIDADE E UMIDADE DO SOLO EM SISTEMAS AGROFLORESTAIS
Authors: Fonseca Raylana Rodrigues da , Barbosa Kamila Stephanie Souza , Jesus Kássia Elen Sousa de , Silva Luara Marques da , Sousa Nathalia Thuanny Barros , Silva Geny Rocha da , Pauletto Daniela , Otake Maisa Yurika Ferreira 
Published: November 2018

Os sistemas agroflorestais (SAFs) são sistemas integrados constituídos por espécies agrícolas e florestais, os quais buscam manter as condições naturais do solo. Deste modo, o trabalho objetivou avaliar e comparar dois atributos físicos do solo, densidade e umidade, em diferentes sistemas agroflorestais. O estudo foi realizado no município de Monte Alegre - Pará em uma coleta pontual em junho de 2017. As amostras de solo foram coletadas utilizando o método do anel volumétrico, considerando-se a profundidade de 0-5 cm no solo para a determinação da densidade e umidade. As análises foram realizadas na área de triagem do viveiro da Universidade Federal do Oeste do Pará. O delineamento experimental foi inteiramente casualizado com seis tratamentos e cinco repetições. Os dados foram submetidos ao teste de normalidade, e com base neste realizou o teste não paramétrico de Kruskal Wallis para a densidade, devido a não normalidade dos dados, e o teste de Tukey para os dados de umidade. A densidade encontrada nos SAFS estudados variou de 0,7 a 1,2 g.cm-³, sendo assim considerados solos em condições normais, não apresentando níveis de compactação. Dentre os sistemas estudados, o SAF 4 apresentou maior nível de densidade e menor teor de umidade e o SAF 3 apresentou melhores condições com maior valor de umidade e menor de densidade. Aparentemente o histórico anterior ao plantio do sistemas, como a criação de gado, e a quantidade de espécies presentes em cada arranjo, não influenciaram nos fatores edáficos avaliados.PALAVRAS-CHAVE: Agroflorestas, Arranjo, Compactação.
PROSPECÇÃO DE PRODUTOS NATURAIS OBTIDOS DE PRIPRIOCA COMO AGENTES DE CONTROLE BIOLÓGICO DE FUNGOS FITOPATOGÊNICOS DE IMPORTÂNCIA AGRÍCOLA
Authors: Kasper Aline Aparecida München , Sousa Sara Freitas de , Martin Breno Sena San , Sousa Júnior José Jeosafá Vieira de , Sartoratto Adilson , Escher Silvia Katrine , Barata Lauro Euclides Soares 
Published: November 2018

Doenças causadas por microrganismos são responsáveis por limitações graves na produção agrícola, e os principais produtos utilizados no controle dos mesmos são compostos químicos sintéticos que possuem aspectos negativos quanto ao seu uso extensivo. Com isso, novos métodos alternativos de controle, como o uso de produtos naturais extraídos de plantas, têm sido investigados devido ao menor impacto ao ambiente. Portanto, neste estudo, objetivou-se caracterizar os metabólitos secundários presentes no óleo essencial e no extrato hexânico do resíduo sólido de priprioca (Cyperus articulatus L.) e a sua capacidade de promover o controle biológico dos fungos Aspergillus niger e Aspergillus parasiticus. Foram coletados tubérculos, rizomas e raízes de priprioca (período chuvoso e seco). O óleo essencial foi extraído do material vegetal por hidrodestilação (6h) em Clevenger. O resíduo sólido foi extraído em Soxhlet (hexano, 8h). A análise química do óleo foi por cromatografia gasosa (CG-EM) e do extrato hexânico por cromatografia de camada delgada (CCD). O ensaio antimicrobiano foi realizado pelo método de difusão em disco. Os compostos majoritários do óleo essencial de priprioca nos dois períodos No extrato hexânico verificou-se a presença de terpenos e ácidos graxos. O extrato hexânico do resíduo não foi eficiente contra os fitopatógenos. Houve maior inibição para A. niger, quando submetido ao óleo de priprioca extraído no período seco (18,6 mm). Estes dados indicam o potencial antifúngico da espécie frente a esses fungos sugerindo que a mesma pode ser utilizada para o controle biológico do gênero Aspergillus.PALAVRA-CHAVE: Controle alternativo, Fitopatógenos, Fungos.
O lugar da cultura escrita nos documentos legais e oficiais da educação infantil: e os meninos e as meninas carregam letras na peneira
Authors: SOUZA REGINA APARECIDA MARQUES DE , Piol Priscila Souza Damazio 
Published: November 2018

O presente artigo é um recorte de uma pesquisa que iniciamos no ano de 2013 e deu origem à pesquisa de mestrado das autoras (orientadora e mestranda). O objetivo aqui é discutir o lugar ocupado pela cultura escrita nos documentos legais e oficiais na educação infantil, o que demanda estudos e reflexões de parte da prática docente. O estudo foi subsidiado pela Teoria Histórico-Cultural, tendo como um de seus principais representantes Lev Semionovich Vigotski. A metodologia de pesquisa insere-se na perspectiva qualitativa, em perspectiva bibliográfica e documental, tendo como foco as análises e reflexões sobre as concepções de cultura escrita, alfabetização, criança e infância, articuladas com a concepção de educação infantil brasileira. O estudo aponta caminhos para pensar a cultura escrita no contexto da educação infantil, mas com práticas e ações voltadas à infância, à criança e à situação social de seu desenvolvimento através da formação da capacidade de ler e escrever textos, mas com a preocupação em garantir à criança o direito a uma educação de qualidade e gratuita, tendo os documentos oficiais e legais como suporte para a organização do trabalho docente.