bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Increased glucocorticoid receptor activity and proliferation in metastatic colon cancer
Authors: Tian Dan , Tian Miao , Han Gang , Li Jin-Long 
Published: August 2019

AbstractMetastasis is regarded as the fatal hallmark for colon cancer, but molecular mechanisms responsible for it have remained poorly defined. Glucocorticoid receptor (GR) within the tumor microenvironment mediates the effects of stress hormones which are used in clinics for their inflammation-modulatory and immunosuppressive properties. Further, epigenetic activation of GR promotes tumor heterogeneity and metastasis. Here, we sought to investigate the correlation between GR activation and proliferation and invasion in metastatic colon cancer microenvironment. We used proliferation/invasion assays, western blot, RT-qPCR, immunofluorescence staining and quantitative methylation to study glucocorticoid-GR signaling, including the involvement of CDK1, in human colon adenocarcinoma cell lines HT29 and T84 (a representative metastatic cell line). Nuclear expression levels of GR were significantly upregulated in metastatic T84 cells, and glucocorticoid derivative, dexamethasone (DEX) treatment caused increased proliferation and invasion in T84 cell, compared to HT29 cell. DEX treatment induced CDK1 expression which was accompanied by reduced CDK1 methylation, indicating epigenetic regulation. Depletion of GR suppressed proliferation of metastatic colon carcinoma cells and depletion of CDK1 had similar suppressing effects on proliferation as well as invasion of metastatic cells. Our study suggests that glucocorticoid-GR-CDK1 signaling induces proliferation and invasion of colon cancer cells and therapies involving the use of glucocorticoids need to exercise caution and re-evaluation.
Do population-level risk prediction models that use routinely collected health data reliably predict individual risks?
Authors: Li Yan , Sperrin Matthew , Belmonte Miguel , Pate Alexander , Ashcroft Darren M. , van Staa Tjeerd Pieter 
Published: August 2019

AbstractThe objective of this study was to assess the reliability of individual risk predictions based on routinely collected data considering the heterogeneity between clinical sites in data and populations. Cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk prediction with QRISK3 was used as exemplar. The study included 3.6 million patients in 392 sites from the Clinical Practice Research Datalink. Cox models with QRISK3 predictors and a frailty (random effect) term for each site were used to incorporate unmeasured site variability. There was considerable variation in data recording between general practices (missingness of body mass index ranged from 18.7% to 60.1%). Incidence rates varied considerably between practices (from 0.4 to 1.3 CVD events per 100 patient-years). Individual CVD risk predictions with the random effect model were inconsistent with the QRISK3 predictions. For patients with QRISK3 predicted risk of 10%, the 95% range of predicted risks were between 7.2% and 13.7% with the random effects model. Random variability only explained a small part of this. The random effects model was equivalent to QRISK3 for discrimination and calibration. Risk prediction models based on routinely collected health data perform well for populations but with great uncertainty for individuals. Clinicians and patients need to understand this uncertainty.
Compartmental-modelling-based measurement of murine glomerular filtration rate using 18F-fluoride PET/CT
Authors: Lee Hyo Sang , Kang Yeon-koo , Lee Hyunjong , Han Jeong Hee , Moon Byung Seok , Byun Seok-Soo , Chae Dong-Wan , Kang Keon Wook , Lee Won Woo 
Published: August 2019

AbstractAccurate measurement of glomerular filtration rate (GFR) is essential for optimal decision making in many clinical settings of renal failure. We aimed to show that GFR can be accurately measured using compartmental tracer kinetic analysis of 18F-fluoride dynamic PET/CT. Twenty-three male Sprague-Dawley rats of three experimental groups (cyclosporine-administered [n = 8], unilaterally nephrectomized [n = 8], and control [n = 7]) underwent simultaneous 18F-fluoride dynamic PET/CT and reference 51Cr-EDTA GFR (GFRCrEDTA) test at day 0 and post-intervention day 3. 18F-fluoride PET GFR (GFRF-PET) was calculated by multiplying the influx rate and functional kidney volume in a single-tissue-compartmental kinetic model. Within-test repeatability and between-test agreement were evaluated by intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC) and Bland-Altman analysis. In the control group, repeatability of GFRF-PET was excellent (ICC = 0.9901, repeatability coefficient = 12.5%). GFRF-PET significantly decreased in the renally impaired rats in accordance with respective GFRCrEDTA changes. In the pooled population, GFRF-PET agreed well with GFRCrEDTA with minimal bias (−2.4%) and narrow 95% limits of agreement (−25.0% to 20.1%). These data suggest that the single-compartmental kinetic analysis of 18F-fluoride dynamic PET/CT is an accurate method for GFR measurement. Further studies in humans are warranted.
Electrodeposition of α-MnO2/γ-MnO2 on Carbon Nanotube for Yarn Supercapacitor
Authors: Jeong Jae-Hun , Park Jong Woo , Lee Duck Weon , Baughman Ray H. , Kim Seon Jeong 
Published: August 2019

AbstractYarn supercapacitors have attracted renewed interest as promising energy storage for wearable devices due to their lightweight, long cycling lifetime and excellent weavability. There has been much effort to fabricate high performance yarn supercapacitor by depositing pseudo-capacitive materials on the outer surface of the carbon fibers. However, a key challenge still remains to achieve high capacitance and high mass loading without sacrificing the cycling stability. Herein, we perform a phase-controlled of MnO2 at various deposition temperatures with ultrahigh mass loading of 11 mg/cm2 on a MWNT sheets and fabricate it to yarn structure to achieve high capacitance without decreasing in the electrochemical performance. The structure of optimized sample (MnO2/CNTs-60, deposition at 60 °C) consists of the composite of primary α-MnO2 nanosheets and secondary γ-MnO2 nanoparticles. The heteronanostructures of MnO2 provide facile ionic and electric transport in the yarn electrode, resulting in improvement of electrochemical performance and cycling stability. The MnO2/CNTs-60 yarn electrode with ultrahigh mass loading delivers a high areal capacitance of 3.54 F/cm2 at 1 mA/cm2 and an excellent rate capability. Finally, the MnO2/CNTs-60 device exhibits an outstanding high areal energy density of 93.8 μWh/cm2 at the power density of 193 μW/cm2, which is superior to previously reported symmetric yarn supercapacitors.
Rapid affinity chromatographic isolation method for LDL in human plasma by immobilized chondroitin-6-sulfate and anti-apoB-100 antibody monolithic disks in tandem
Authors: Liangsupree Thanaporn , Multia Evgen , Metso Jari , Jauhiainen Matti , Forssén Patrik , Fornstedt Torgny , Öörni Katariina , Podgornik Aleš , Riekkola Marja-Liisa 
Published: August 2019

AbstractLow-density lipoprotein (LDL) is considered the major risk factor for the development of atherosclerotic cardiovascular diseases (ASCVDs). A novel and rapid method for the isolation of LDL from human plasma was developed utilising affinity chromatography with monolithic stationary supports. The isolation method consisted of two polymeric monolithic disk columns, one immobilized with chondroitin-6-sulfate (C6S) and the other with apolipoprotein B-100 monoclonal antibody (anti-apoB-100 mAb). The first disk with C6S was targeted to remove chylomicrons, very-low-density lipoprotein (VLDL) particles, and their remnants including intermediate-density lipoprotein (IDL) particles, thus allowing the remaining major lipoprotein species, i.e. LDL, lipoprotein(a) (Lp(a)), and high-density lipoprotein (HDL) to flow to the anti-apoB-100 disk. The second disk captured LDL particles via the anti-apoB-100 mAb attached on the disk surface in a highly specific manner, permitting the selective LDL isolation. The success of LDL isolation was confirmed by different techniques including quartz crystal microbalance. In addition, the method developed gave comparable results with ultracentrifugation, conventionally used as a standard method. The reliable results achieved together with a short isolation time (less than 30 min) suggest the method to be suitable for clinically relevant LDL functional assays.
The Genomic Landscape of Centromeres in Cancers
Authors: Saha Anjan K. , Mourad Mohamad , Kaplan Mark H. , Chefetz Ilana , Malek Sami N. , Buckanovich Ronald , Markovitz David M. , Contreras-Galindo Rafael 
Published: August 2019

AbstractCentromere genomics remain poorly characterized in cancer, due to technologic limitations in sequencing and bioinformatics methodologies that make high-resolution delineation of centromeric loci difficult to achieve. We here leverage a highly specific and targeted rapid PCR methodology to quantitatively assess the genomic landscape of centromeres in cancer cell lines and primary tissue. PCR-based profiling of centromeres revealed widespread heterogeneity of centromeric and pericentromeric sequences in cancer cells and tissues as compared to healthy counterparts. Quantitative reductions in centromeric core and pericentromeric markers (α-satellite units and HERV-K copies) were observed in neoplastic samples as compared to healthy counterparts. Subsequent phylogenetic analysis of a pericentromeric endogenous retrovirus amplified by PCR revealed possible gene conversion events occurring at numerous pericentromeric loci in the setting of malignancy. Our findings collectively represent a more comprehensive evaluation of centromere genetics in the setting of malignancy, providing valuable insight into the evolution and reshuffling of centromeric sequences in cancer development and progression.
A Randomised Controlled Trial on the Effectiveness and Adherence of Modified Alternate-day Calorie Restriction in Improving Activity of Non-Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease
Authors: Johari Muhammad Izzad , Yusoff Khairiah , Haron Juhara , Nadarajan Chandran , Ibrahim Khairun Nisah , Wong Mung Seong , Hafidz Muhammad Ilham Abdul , Chua Bee Eng , Hamid Nurhazwani , Arifin Wan Nor , Ma Zheng Feei , Lee Yeong Yeh 
Published: August 2019

AbstractCurrently, there is no effective therapy for non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD), and although calorie restriction is recommended in guidelines, but adherence is an issue. The current study aimed to determine the effectiveness of eight weeks intermittent fasting (IF) strategy in the control of NAFLD activity and the adherence rate of such strategy. This was a randomized controlled trial with modified alternate-day calorie restriction (MACR), a form of IF, as the active intervention and usual habitual diet as control. The outcome measures included changes in body mass index (BMI), blood lipids (cholesterol, LDL, HDL and triglyceride), fasting blood sugar (FBS), liver enzymes (ALT and AST), and ultrasound measurements of liver steatosis and 2-dimensional shear wave elastography (SWE). Per-protocol (PP) analysis was performed with comparison within (post vs. pre-intervention) and between (MACR vs. control) groups and P < 0.05 as significant. Of 115 individuals with NAFLD, 43 satisfied the study entry criteria, and 33 were randomised to MACR and 10 to control group, and after 8 weeks, 30 from MACR and 9 from control group completed PP. Significant reduction in weight and BMI (P = 0.001 and 0.02 respectively) was observed in MACR vs. control. Likewise, ALT was reduced with MACR but not control (P = 0.02). No reductions in lipid parameters and FBS were found in between-group analyses (all P > 0.22). Both liver steatosis and fibrosis (SWE) scores were significantly reduced in MACR vs. controls (both P < 0.01). Adherence level for MACR remained between 75-83% throughout the study. As a conclusion, eight weeks of IF (MACR) strategy appears more effective than usual habitual diet in the control of NAFLD activity and with good adherence rate.
Characterization of Maillard reaction products micro/nano-particles present in fermented soybean sauce and vinegar
Authors: Jiang Suisui , Shi Yanping , Li Man , Xiong Liu , Sun Qingjie 
Published: August 2019

AbstractThe endogenous micro/nano-particles in daily food have drawn much attention due to specific properties potential biological impact. The aim of this study was to investigate the nanoparticles in traditional fermented soybean sauces and vinegars in order to study the safety problems of nanoparticles in daily food. The transmission electron microscope results showed that all samples exhibited diverse nanostructures with diameters ranging from 10 to 400 nm. The concentration of nanoparticles in these foods was determined to be around 1.15 × 107–3.43 × 109 particles/mL. Furthermore, the absorbance at 420 nm was found in all the fermented foods, which was ascribed to Maillard reaction products. The 3-(4, 5-Dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2, 5-diphenyl-tetrazolium bromide (MTT) results showed that nanoparticles in traditional fermented foods did not decrease cell viability in the concentration range tested (<200 μg/mL), which were equivalent to 20 L~200 L of selected soybean sauces and vinegars. However, further studies need to be performed to find out the interaction of nanoparticle with cell (food with body) after ingestion.
Colonies of marine cyanobacteria Trichodesmium interact with associated bacteria to acquire iron from dust
Authors: Basu Subhajit , Gledhill Martha , de Beer Dirk , Prabhu Matondkar S. G. , Shaked Yeala 
Published: August 2019

AbstractIron (Fe) bioavailability limits phytoplankton growth in vast ocean regions. Iron-rich dust uplifted from deserts is transported in the atmosphere and deposited on the ocean surface. However, this dust is a poor source of iron for most phytoplankton since dust-bound Fe is poorly soluble in seawater and dust rapidly sinks out of the photic zone. An exception is Trichodesmium, a globally important, N2 fixing, colony forming, cyanobacterium, which efficiently captures and shuffles dust to its colony core. Trichodesmium and bacteria that reside within its colonies carry out diverse metabolic interactions. Here we show evidence for mutualistic interactions between Trichodesmium and associated bacteria for utilization of iron from dust, where bacteria promote dust dissolution by producing Fe-complexing molecules (siderophores) and Trichodesmium provides dust and optimal physical settings for dissolution and uptake. Our results demonstrate how intricate relationships between producers and consumers can influence productivity in the nutrient starved open ocean.
A genome-wide association study identifies genetic loci associated with specific lobar brain volumes
Authors: van der Lee Sven J. , Knol Maria J. , Chauhan Ganesh , Satizabal Claudia L. , Smith Albert Vernon , Hofer Edith , Bis Joshua C. , Hibar Derrek P. , Hilal Saima , van den Akker Erik B. , Arfanakis Konstantinos , Bernard Manon , Yanek Lisa R. , Amin Najaf , Crivello Fabrice , Cheung Josh W. , Harris Tamara B. , Saba Yasaman , Lopez Oscar L. , Li Shuo , van der Grond Jeroen , Yu Lei , Paus Tomas , Roshchupkin Gennady V. , Amouyel Philippe , Jahanshad Neda , Taylor Kent D. , Yang Qiong , Mathias Rasika A. , Boehringer Stefan , Mazoyer Bernard , Rice Ken , Cheng Ching Yu , Maillard Pauline , van Heemst Diana , Wong Tien Yin , Niessen Wiro J. , Beiser Alexa S. , Beekman Marian , Zhao Wanting , Nyquist Paul A. , Chen Christopher , Launer Lenore J. , Psaty Bruce M. , Ikram M. Kamran , Vernooij Meike W. , Schmidt Helena , Pausova Zdenka , Becker Diane M. , De Jager Philip L. , Thompson Paul M. , van Duijn Cornelia M. , Bennett David A. , Slagboom P. Eline , Schmidt Reinhold , Longstreth W. T. , Ikram M. Arfan , Seshadri Sudha , Debette Stéphanie , Gudnason Vilmundur , Adams Hieab H. H. , DeCarli Charles 
Published: August 2019

AbstractBrain lobar volumes are heritable but genetic studies are limited. We performed genome-wide association studies of frontal, occipital, parietal and temporal lobe volumes in 16,016 individuals, and replicated our findings in 8,789 individuals. We identified six genetic loci associated with specific lobar volumes independent of intracranial volume. Two loci, associated with occipital (6q22.32) and temporal lobe volume (12q14.3), were previously reported to associate with intracranial and hippocampal volume, respectively. We identified four loci previously unknown to affect brain volumes: 3q24 for parietal lobe volume, and 1q22, 4p16.3 and 14q23.1 for occipital lobe volume. The associated variants were located in regions enriched for histone modifications (DAAM1andTHBS3), or close to genes causing Mendelian brain-related diseases (ZIC4andFGFRL1). No genetic overlap between lobar volumes and neurological or psychiatric diseases was observed. Our findings reveal part of the complex genetics underlying brain development and suggest a role for regulatory regions in determining brain volumes.
Nested retrotransposition in the East Asian mouse genome causes the classical nonagouti mutation
Authors: Tanave Akira , Imai Yuji , Koide Tsuyoshi 
Published: August 2019

AbstractBlack coat color (nonagouti) is a widespread classical mutation in laboratory mouse strains. The intronic insertion of endogenous retrovirus VL30 in the nonagouti (a) allele of agouti gene was previously reported as the cause of the nonagouti phenotype. Here, we report agouti mouse strains from East Asia that carry the VL30 insertion, indicating that VL30 alone does not cause the nonagouti phenotype. We find that a rare type of endogenous retrovirus, β4, was integrated into the VL30 region at the a allele through nested retrotransposition, causing abnormal splicing. Targeted complete deletion of the β4 element restores agouti gene expression and agouti coat color, whereas deletion of β4 except for a single long terminal repeat results in black-and-tan coat color. Phylogenetic analyses show that the a allele and the β4 retrovirus originated from an East Asian mouse lineage most likely related to Japanese fancy mice. These findings reveal the causal mechanism and historic origin of the classical nonagouti mutation.
Concurrent atomic force spectroscopy
Authors: Pimenta-Lopes Carolina , Suay-Corredera Carmen , Velázquez-Carreras Diana , Sánchez-Ortiz David , Alegre-Cebollada Jorge 
Published: August 2019

AbstractForce-spectroscopy by atomic force microscopy (AFM) is the technique of choice to measure mechanical properties of molecules, cells, tissues and materials at the nano and micro scales. However, unavoidable calibration errors of AFM probes make it cumbersome to quantify modulation of mechanics. Here, we show that concurrent AFM force measurements enable relative mechanical characterization with an accuracy that is independent of calibration uncertainty, even when averaging data from multiple, independent experiments. Compared to traditional AFM, we estimate that concurrent strategies can measure differences in protein mechanical unfolding forces with a 6-fold improvement in accuracy or a 30-fold increase in throughput. Prompted by our results, we demonstrate widely applicable orthogonal fingerprinting strategies for concurrent single-molecule nanomechanical profiling of proteins.
Nigella sativa stimulates insulin secretion from isolated rat islets and inhibits the digestion and absorption of (CH2O)n in the gut
Authors: Hannan J.M.A. , Ansari Prawej , Haque Afra , Sanju Afrina , Huzaifa Abir , Rahman Anisur , Ghosh Adity , Azam Shofiul 
Published: August 2019

Abstract
Nigella sativa seeds are traditionally reputed as possessing anti-diabetic properties. As a result, we aim to explore the mechanism of its anti-hyperglycemic activity. The present study uses various experimental designs including gastrointestinal (GI) motility, intestinal disaccharidase activity and inhibition of carbohydrate digestion and absorption in the gut. The animals used as type 2 diabetic models were induced with streptozotocin to make them as such. Oral glucose tolerance test was performed to confirm that the animals were indeed diabetic. The extract reduced postprandial glucose, suggesting it interfered with glucose absorption in the gut. It also improved glucose (2.5g/kg, b/w) tolerance in rats. Furthermore, treatment with N. sativa produced a significant improvement in GI motility, while reduced disaccharidase enzyme activity in fasted rats. The extract produced a similar effect within an acute oral sucrose (2.5g/kg, b/w) load assay. Following sucrose administration, a substantial amount of unabsorbed sucrose was found in six different parts of the GI tract. This indicates that N. sativa has the potentiality to liberate GI content and reduce or delay glucose absorption. A potential hypoglycemic activity of the extract found in insulin release assay, where the extract significantly improved insulin secretion from isolated rat islets. These concluded present findings give rise to the implication that N. sativa seeds are generating postprandial anti-hyperglycemic activity within type 2 diabetic animal models via reducing or delaying carbohydrate digestion and absorption in the gut as well as improving insulin secretion in response to the plasma glucose.
Itinerant quantum critical point with fermion pockets and hotspots
Authors: Liu Zi Hong , Pan Gaopei , Xu Xiao Yan , Sun Kai , Meng Zi Yang 
Published: August 2019

Significance
The present work summarizes major progress in research on the itinerant quantum critical point (QCP). The authors designed a model and developed quantum Monte Carlo simulation to examine itinerant QCPs generated by antiferromagnetic fluctuations. The model has immediate relevance to a wide range of strongly correlated systems, such as cuprate superconductors. Large system size and low temperature are comfortably accessed and quantum critical scaling relations are revealed with high accuracy. At the QCP, a finite anomalous dimension is observed, and fermions at hotspots evolve into a non-Fermi liquid. These results are being observed in an unbiased manner and they could bridge future developments both in analytical theory and in numerical simulation of itinerant QCPs.
The development of the Chinese copulashìconstruction
Authors: Zhan Fangqiong , Traugott Elizabeth Closs 
Published: August 2019

AbstractThis paper investigates the development of the copulashìconstruction in Chinese from the perspective of diachronic construction grammar (Traugott & Trousdale 2013). In prior work the development has been conceptualized in a grammaticalization framework, with focus on the individual expressionshì, rather than on its development in the context of both the immediate syntactic frame and also of other constructions such as the demonstrativeshìconstruction and the copulawéiconstruction. We show that the copulashìconstruction went through various types of expansion and reduction. The change was not unidirectional in the way predicted by a grammaticalization model such as is proposed in e.g. Lehmann (1995,2004) andHaspelmath (2004).
A diachronic corpus study of prenominal zo’n ‘so a’ in Dutch
Authors: Van Olmen Daniël 
Published: August 2019

Abstract
Like its English counterpart such, Dutch zo’n has identifying and intensifying uses. The established pathway from the former to the latter is found to constitute a proportional rather than a discrete shift here. The strong presence of intensifying uses from the start, as compared to the older Dutch marker zulk, is argued to be due to preexisting constructions that are alike formally and convey intensification. Zo’n is also found to have a recognitional and an approximating use. The case is made that the former has evolved out of the identifying use and that the latter is a development which is independent from the other uses functionally but has modeled itself on them formally. Finally, it is argued that the semantic shift from identification to intensification is best captured by the well-known pathway from textual to expressive, although the unidirectionality of this cline is uncertain, and that the change from identification to recognition supports a recent proposal to distinguish immediate and extended intersubjectivity.