bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Effizienzbetrachtung eines gekoppelten Energieversorgungs-systems in der Industrie
Authors: Emde Alexander , Bogdanov Ivan , Königer Mariel , Sauer Alexander 
Published: October 2018

Kurzfassung
Steigende Energiepreise und strenge Umweltauflagen verlangen den Einsatz von effizienten und umweltschonenden Energieversorgungssystemen in der Industrie. Eine bereits bewährte Technologie ist die Kraft-Wärme-Kopplung (KWK). Der vorliegende Beitrag präsentiert die Auslegung und die Effizienzanalyse eines Energieversorgungssystems bestehend aus KWK, Wärmespeicher und Hochtemperatur-Wärmepumpe, mit dem Ziel der energetischen Optimierung des industriellen Gesamtsystems.
Licht optimieren und Kosten senken
Authors: Hangst Daniel 
Published: October 2018

Kurzfassung
Im modernen Fabrikbetrieb kann Licht ein entscheidender Kostenfaktor sein. Zudem sollten Gewerbehallen möglichst arbeitsfreundlich ausgeleuchtet sein. Herkömmliche Beleuchtung gelangt bei beiden Anforderungen aber schnell an ihre Grenzen. Moderne Lösungen mit hocheffizienten LEDs jedoch leuchten Hallen bedarfsgerecht und blendarm aus und bieten zugleich großes Potenzial, um Energie einzusparen und den Wartungsaufwand zu reduzieren.
Qualifizierungsbedarfe für die Mensch-Roboter-Kollaboration
Authors: Weber Marc-André , Schüth Nora Johanna , Stowasser Sascha 
Published: October 2018

Kurzfassung
Kollaborierende Roboter gewinnen zunehmend an Bedeutung zur Unterstützung manueller Arbeitsvorgänge in industriellen Produktionsumgebungen. Damit einher geht ein hoher Qualifizierungsbedarf zur Sicherstellung eines produktiven sowie sicheren Einsatzes der Anlagen. In diesem Beitrag wird der Schwerpunkt auf mögliche Qualifizierungsansätze und deren Nutzen gelegt.
Reifegradbasierte Auditierung von Weiterbildungsmaßnahmen in Lernfabriken
Authors: Metternich Joachim , Schuh Günther , Enke Judith , Molitor Marco , Kreß Antonio , Schlosser Tino , Gerschner Katharina , Goppold Marvin 
Published: October 2018

Kurzfassung
Der Beitrag beschreibt die Anwendung eines Auditverfahrens für Lernfabriken an einem konkreten Beispiel. Für eine ausgewählte Weiterbildungsmaßnahme werden die Auditergebnisse aufgezeigt und Handlungsansätze abgeleitet. Dies wird durch eine Kooperation der Forschungsprojekte innowas „Innovative Weiterbildung mit Autorensystemen“ und RQLes „Reifegradbasierte, multidimensionale Qualitätsentwicklung von komplexen Lernsystemen“ des Förderschwerpunkts innovatWB erst ermöglicht. Für das Projekt innowas wird der entwickelte Weiterbildungsprozess auditiert und Verbesserungspotenziale zur Weiterentwicklung aufgezeigt. Das Projekt RQLes profitiert durch eine Anwendung der Projektergebnisse und durch die Evaluation des entwickelten Modells.
HARDENING AND EFFLORESCENCE RESISTANCE OF CEMENT MORTARS MODIFIED BY BLACK SHALE
Authors: Belykh S. A. , Chikichev A. A. , Il''ina L. V. , Kudyakov A. I. 
Published: October 2018

The paper presents results of research into plaster coating of brick walls in humid premises. It is found that the addition of black shale and waste from flotation gold extraction from ores in the amount of 10 % of the cement bulk, increases the structure formation and strength of mortars by 34 %. X-ray phase and differential thermal analyses show that the increase in the rate of structure formation of mortars is due to the interaction of hydraulically active ground black shale with portlandite accompanied by the formation of calcium hydrosilicates. In mortars with the black shale addition, 1–2 nm pores form, which explain the increased resistance of mortars to the effloresce formation on the surface of plaster coatings of brick walls.
KRASNOYARSK AGGLOMERATION: ORIGINS AND STAGES OF FORMATION IN THE 20th AND EARLY 21st CENTURIES
Authors: Tsarev V. I. , Ivanova A. S. 
Published: October 2018

The article deals with the historical background and the formation of Siberia – Krasnoyarsk urban agglomeration in the 20th and early 21st centuries. The factors that contributed to the growth of the Krasnoyarsk-city are shown as well as transformation stages of the neighbouring settlements. The results of design works and practical measures aimed at the formation of the planning structure of the Krasnoyarsk agglomeration are described for the period under review. It is shown that the analysis of identified regularities of the development of a large historical city at different stages is important not only for studying urban development trends, but also for modern project activities.
SCOTTISH MODERN IN DESIGN WORKS OF C.R. MACKINTOSH AND M. MACDONALD
Authors: Polyakov E. N. , Donchuk T. V. 
Published: October 2018

The article is devoted to the creative heritage of Charles Rennie Mackintosh (1868–1928), the outstanding Scottish architect and Margaret MacDonald Macintosh (1865–1933), his wife, an artist-designer. Their life and main character traits which predetermined the choice of their future profession are considered. A brief overview is given to the main stages of their professional development. In the Glasgow School of arts they organized the famous creative group „The Four‟ which created a unique Glasgow style. They participated in international exhibitions of Art Nouvea, engaged in successful architectural and design practice including the development of unique geometrical pictures and Macintosh style furniture, floral and landscape paintings. The paper describes the tragic end of their creative career, departure from Glasgow, posthumous rehabilitation and international recognition. Their style preferences in the world architecture and design are shown as well specific features of their unique style. The articlepresents three of the most famous design projects of the Macintosh spouses made in the tradition of Glasgow style. Here belong interiors of Cranston tea rooms, Hill House in Helensburgh, Scotland and Bassett-Lowke Northampton house. At present, many Macintoshes works are successfully restored, their museums and exhibitions are organized.
EXTERNAL REINFORCEMENT OF CONCRETE STRUCTURES USING COMPOSITE MATERIALS
Authors: Rimshin V. I. , Merkulov S. I. 
Published: October 2018

The paper describes the main directions of non-metallic composite application in concrete reinforcement. The development routes of the structural analysis with composite reinforcement are formulated. The reinforced concrete structure combines the elastic reinforcement element with an adhesive composition having inelastic properties. It is shown that the structural reliability is ensured by adhesion of composite core reinforcement to the concrete. When performing external reinforcement of composite materials, it is necessary to ensure the joint operation of reinforcing elements and the main structure. Today, design methods of concrete structure reinforcement with composite materials do not take into account shear strains in the contact seam. Adhesion of composite material to concrete is indirectly assessed by introducing the service factor of composite material when its design resistance is assigned. Experimental studies concern concrete structures reinforced by bent elements with external reinforcement made of various composite materials. Reinforced concrete beams with A500 and A600 class reinforcement are considered. Test beams are reinforced with fiberglass, coal and carbonates canvases. Some of test beams have U-shaped anchors at the ends and are made of composite materials. Reinforced beams fracture by different schemes: composite peeling due to the adhesive destruction in the area of formation of normal and inclined cracks, compositepeeling with the destruction of protective layer, composite rupture. A part of reinforced concrete beams before the reinforcement are cracked in the stretched zone. Cracks do not affect the load-bearing capacity of reinforced beams.
A RARE CASE OF SPACE OCCUPYING LESION OF BRAINSTEM IN AN ELDERLY MALE PATIENT
Authors: S Jayanth S , P Ambali A , Mulimani M S 
Published: October 2018

An elderly male patient aged 65 presented to us with history of swaying towards left side of the body since 1 month with normal higher mental functions and neurological examination suggestive of cerebellar ataxia. MRI Brain plus contrast was suggestive of an irregular, ill-defined heterogeneous enhancing lesion with few necrotic areas within and few foci of blooming on FFE (Fast Field Echo imaging technique) with significant perilesional oedema involving right thalamus and brainstem showing Choline peak on MR Spectroscopy.
Keywords: Neurological examination; Cerebellar ataxia; MRI brain; FFE.
Responsiveness of measurements of lower-limb muscle strength obtained with a hand-held dynamometer from patients with stroke
Authors: Bohannon Richard W. , Andrews A. Williams , Glenney Susan Sullivan 
Published: October 2018

BACKGROUND: The responsiveness of measurements obtained by hand-held dynamometry (HHD) is largely unexplored. OBJECTIVE: A secondary analysis of data from a clinical cohort of patients (N=55) admitted for inpatient rehabilitation following acute stroke was completed to determine the responsiveness of measures of lower extremity muscle strength. METHOD: The isometric strength of hip flexion, knee extension, and ankle dorsiflexion was measured bilaterally in 55 patients using HHD. Independence in bed-to-chair transfers, level ground gait, and stair negotiation was determined using an ordinal mobility scale. All measures were obtained at admission and discharge. RESULTS: Over the course of rehabilitation muscle strength increased significantly (p⩽ 0.002) in all 3 lower limb muscle actions of both the weaker and stronger sides. Effect sizes (0.19–0.43) and standardized response means (0.45–0.79) were mostly small to moderate but tended to be greater on the weaker side than the stronger side. The minimum detectable change (95%) values ranged from 33.2 to 87.5 N and were higher on the stronger than on the weaker side. Receiver operating characteristic curve analysis for identifying minimal clinically important differences revealed cut-points between −12.9 and 52.9 Newtons for strength increases differentiating patients who did and did not demonstrate improved mobility. CONCLUSION: HHD is capable of detecting changes in lower limb strength after stroke but the responsiveness, as indicated by effect size, standardized response mean, minimum detectable change and minimal clinically importance is limited.
Reproducibility of concentric and eccentric isokinetic multi-joint leg extension measurements using the IsoMed 2000-system
Authors: Dirnberger Johannes , Huber Christoph , Hoop Dennis , Kösters Alexander , Müller Erich 
Published: October 2018

BACKGROUND: Several investigations have reported reproducibility for isokinetic single-joint (SJ) knee strength measurements. However, to date, only a few studies have concentrated on multi-joint (MJ) leg strength measurements. OBJECTIVE: This study is the first to investigate reproducibility for MJ leg strength measurements using the IsoMed 2000-system, which recently was introduced into the market. METHODS: Peak Force (PF) of forty-one healthy male subjects (mean age: 24.4 years) performing concentric and eccentric MJ leg extension at standardized mean knee-joint angular velocities 40 and 80°/s (i.e. individual linear foot velocities of 0.12–0.19 and 0.24–0.38 m/s, respectively) was measured in three identical sessions (T1–T3), separated by 10–14 days. Repeated measures analysis of variance (ANOVA) was applied for detection of systematic errors over sessions. Reproducibility was calculated between consecutive pairs of sessions (T1–T2; T2–T3) using intra-class correlation coefficients (ICC 2,1) and standard error of measurement (SEM). RESULTS: Significant increases in mean measurement values of ≈ 2–4% from T1 to T2/T3 could be seen for concentric measurements at 40°/s and overall eccentric measurements. Reproducibility calculations revealed ICC-values of 0.823–0.956 and 0.911–0.978 with corresponding measures of SEM of 72.1–175.3 and 49.3–125.3 N for T1–T2 and T2–T3, respectively. CONCLUSIONS: Moderate to high reproducibility was shown for the IsoMed 2000-system in measuring PF during concentric and eccentric isokinetic leg extension. However, as data indicate the presence of an initial practice-based improvement, we recommend the consideration of a familiarisation session in practice.
The effect of strength exercises at different angular velocities on muscular LDH and CK
Authors: Kafkas Muhammed Emin 
Published: October 2018

BACKGROUND: Serum creatine kinase (CK) enzyme activity and lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) concentrations are used as indicators of muscle cell membrane state and muscular damage after exercise. The present study examined the effect of concentric strength exercises done at different angular velocities and different stopover durations between sets on the LDH concentrations and CK enzyme activity of participants. METHOD: The study included 32 sedentary male volunteers (21.35 ± 3.10 years, 71.80 ± 6.20 kg and 178.40 ± 11.90 cm). Subjects were randomly separated into four different groups according to stopover: a) a group performing concentric muscle strength exercises at 60°/s with 1-min stopover (CEG1-60°), b) a group with 3-min stopover (CEG3-60°), c) a group performing concentric muscle strength exercises at 120°/s with 1-min stopover(CEG1-120°), and d) a group with 3-min stopover (CEG3-120°). The LDH and CK concentrations of the four groups were measured pre- and post-exercise and at 24, 48 and 72 hours. RESULTS: Within both CEG1-120° and CEG3-120°, there were significant differences in LDH concentrations between pretest-24-h times (p< 0.05). The LDH concentrations were the highest at 24-h for all groups. When the LDH concentrations were compared between both CEG1-60° vs. CEG1-120° and CEG3-60° vs. CEG3-120° significant differences were found between pretest-posttest and pretest-24-h times. LDH concentrations were higher for both CEG1-60° and CEG3-60°. CONCLUSION: Concentric muscle exercises performed at different angular velocities result in differences in both LDH and CK values. These differences are particularly evident following higher intensity exercises. Thus, high-intensity concentric muscle exercises may increase the risk of muscle damage among beginners and amateur sportsmen.
Men and women experience similar muscle damage after traditional resistance training protocol
Authors: Radaelli R. , Bottaro M. , Wagner D.R. , Wilhelm E.N. , Pompermayer M.G. , Pinto R.S. 
Published: October 2018

BACKGROUND: Contradictory results exist regarding sex-related differences following exercise-induced muscle damage and little is known concerning the follow-up of a traditional resistance exercise protocol. OBJECTIVE: To investigate sex differences-related time course of recovery following a traditional strength training protocol (4 sets at 80% of 1-RM). METHODS: Ten women and ten men participated in the study. Peak torque (PT), arm circumference (CIR), delayed onset muscle soreness (DOMS), muscle thickness (MT) and echo intensity (EI) were measured before (Pre), immediately post (0 hours), 24, 48, and 72 hours after. RESULTS: Men demonstrated significantly greater relative strength loss than women at 0 h (−26.8 ± 5.0% vs. −15.5 ± 12.4%; P < 0.05), with no significant difference at other time points. Men also experienced a larger increase of CIR (p < 0.05) and MT (p < 0.05) at 0 h compared to women, with no significant difference at other time points. At 72 h, men showed a significantly greater development of DOMS (p < 0.05). EI revealed no sex differences. CONCLUSION: Following a traditional strength training protocol the recovery appears to be similar in untrained young women and men. Furthermore the next training session should not take place before a rest period of at least 72 h.
Agreement of three vs. eight isokinetic preset velocities to determine knee extensor torque- and power-velocity relationships
Authors: Lemaire A. , Ripamonti M. , Ritz M. , Rahmani A. 
Published: October 2018

BACKGROUND: Torque and power-velocity relationships obtained during isokinetic evaluation can be useful for rehabilitation program. Nevertheless, their determination requires a substantial number of measures using different velocities, inducing time-consuming protocols. OBJECTIVE: The aim of the present study was to assess the agreement between a short isokinetic protocol, including three angular velocities ( $P_{3}$ ) and a longer one including eight angular velocities ( $P_{8}$ ). METHODS: Sixteen healthy male subjects performed isokinetic knee extensions at several preset velocities during two protocols. The first included eight velocities ranging from 60 to 270°/s ( $P_{8}$ ), whereas the second ( $P_{3}$ ) consisted of three velocities (90, 180 and 240°/s). Mechanical parameters: theoretical maximal isometric torque $T_{0}$ , theoretical maximal velocity $V_{0}$ , and maximal power $P_{max}$ , were extrapolated from torque- and power-velocity relationships for both $P_{8}$ and $P_{3}$ . RESULTS: The torque- and power velocity relationships drawn from each protocol were in agreement since no significant differences were found for either each extrapolated mechanical parameters, between the slopes of the torque-velocity relationships, or between the polynomial regression coefficients of the power-velocity relationships resulting from $P_{8}$ and $P_{3}$ . CONCLUSION: The agreement between the short and long protocols allows reduction of fatigue and loss of motivation that may occur during full velocities testing particularly during rehabilitation program.
Reliability of one-repetition maximum test in untrained young adult men and women
Authors: Ribeiro Alex Silva , do Nascimento Matheus Amarante , Salvador Emanuel Péricles , Gurjão André Luiz Demantova , Avelar Ademar , Ritti-Dias Raphael Mendes , Mayhew Jerry L. , Cyrino Edilson Serpeloni 
Published: October 2018

BACKGROUND: The one repetition maximum (1RM) test is the most widely used method to analyze muscular strength. However, the 1RM reliability may be dependent on gender. OBJECTIVE: The purpose of the study was to investigate the reliability of one-repetition maximum (1RM) test in untrained young adult men and women. METHODS: Thirteen men and eleven women between 18–35 years were recruited. All subjects performed the 1RM tests in the bench press (BP), Smith machine squat (SQ), and arm curl (AC) in four sessions separated by 48 to 72 hours of recovery. At each measurement session, the subjects performed exercise-specific warm-ups and were given three attempts to reach a peak strength level for each exercise. RESULTS: There was a significant session-by-time interaction (P< 0.05) in BP and SQ, while men reached a stabilized load between sessions 2–3, women stabilized their load between sessions 1–2. Significant increases (P < 0.05) in maximal strength occurred between session 1 and 4 in BP (men=+10.5%, women=+13.1%), SQ (men=+17.6%, women=+20.7%), and AC(men=+7.5%, women=+11.7%). CONCLUSION: We conclude that the reliability of the 1RM tests in multiple-joint exercises may be gender dependent.
Specific joint angle assessment of the shoulder rotators
Authors: Ruas Cassio V. , Pinto Ronei S. , Hafenstine Rex W. , Pereira Maria C.C. , Brown Lee E. 
Published: October 2018

BACKGROUND: Independent peak torque (IPT) ratios may lead to misinterpretation of shoulder rotator imbalances. OBJECTIVE: To compare shoulder rotator IPT conventional ratio (CR) and dynamic control ratio (DCR) with ten-degree angle specific torque (AST) CR and DCR. METHODS: Twenty healthy adult males (24.65 ± 2.4 yrs) performed concentric (C) and eccentric (E) internal rotation (IR) and external rotation (ER) of the right shoulder on an isokinetic dynamometer at 60°/s and 180°/s through 150° of ROM. RESULTS: IPT DCR was significantly different than AST DCR at several angles at both test speeds. IPT CR were not significantly different than any AST CR at either speed. The last 3 ten degree AST DCR were also compared. AST DCR was significantly different at two angles at 60°/s and at three angles at 180°/s. CONCLUSION: DCR analysis should use a ten degree AST interpretative approach in order to avoid erroneous interpretations of shoulder rotator strength imbalances. IPT ratio tests should only be used to calculate CR.
Short-term effects of anaerobic lactic exercise on knee proprioception of track and field athletes
Authors: Romero-Franco N. , Martínez-López E.J. , Hita-Contreras F. , Lomas-Vega R. , Martínez-Amat A. 
Published: October 2018

BACKGROUND: Proprioception is affected during sports events, thus jeopardizing performance and even the well-being of athletes. To effectively control the injury risk and performance, sport professionals should find out how long the proprioceptive damage lasts. OBJECTIVE: To analyze acute effects of an anaerobic lactic exercise on the knee joint position sense of athletes and the duration of these effects until twenty-four hours later. METHODS: Fifteen athletes performed two training sessions one week apart: Warm-up: 30-minute warm-up; and Lactic Exercise: 30-minute warm-up and an anaerobic lactic exercise session. All athletes carried out a joint position sense test of knee, as well as a blood lactate and heart rate analysis before(Pre), just after (Post $_{0Min}$ ), thirty minutes after (Post $_{30Min}$ ) and 24 hours (Post $_{24H}$ ) after each training session. RESULTS: Absolute angular error in knee positioning increased just after Lactic Exercise with statistically higher values than after Warm-up Exercise(p=0.001) and gradually decreased toward 24 hours later. Relative angular error in knee positioning decreased statistically significant 24 hours after Lactic Exercise (p=0.021). CONCLUSION: Anaerobic lactic exercise immediately depletes the accuracy of knee joint position sense, although it is recovered 30 minutes later. After 24 hours, knee joint position sense is better than baseline.
The effect of force sensation on the ability to control muscle force during fatigue condition
Authors: Kiyama Ryoji , Kawada Masayuki , Tokunaga Ken , Ohwatashi Akihiko , Fukudome Kiyohiro , Yone Kazunori , Yoshimoto Yoichi , Ohshige Tadasu , Maeda Tetsuo 
Published: October 2018

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE: Proprioceptive information from muscle receptors is important in force control and disturbed sensation due to fatigue may reduce the precision of force control. The aim of this study was to clarify the relationship between force sensation and force control ability in knee extensor muscles during fatigue. METHODS: Eighteen healthy young volunteers participated in this study. Force matching tasks with and without feedback were performed immediately before and after the fatigue protocol consisting of 20 s isometric contractions. The target force was 10% and 30% of the maximal voluntary contraction force in the pre-fatigue protocol. The accuracy of force control ability was estimated by the root mean square error (RMS error) and average difference (average error) between the target and output force. Surface electromyograms were recorded simultaneously from the quadriceps. RESULTS: In the 30% task, there was a significant interaction effect of fatigue and feedback condition in RMS error and average error. RMS error and average error were degenerated significantly by fatigue in the feedback removal condition, but not in the feedback condition. Though the activation of quadriceps was increased by fatigue, increase of muscle activation was lower in the feedback removal condition than that in the feedback conditions. CONCLUSION: Since participants controlled their force output depending on the force sensation in the feedback removal condition, these results indicate that the decline in force sensation may be a significant factor in the decreases of accuracy in force output during fatigue.