bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
16. YÜZYILDA KORKUNÇ İVAN’IN RUS TARİHİNDEKİ ROLÜ ÜZERİNE
Authors: TAŞKESENLİGİL Muhammed 
Published: May 2019

Rus çarı IV. İvan, on altı yaşında tahta
geçmiş ve ilk defa çar unvanını kullanan kişi olmuştur. Rusya İmparatorluğunun
temellerini atan kişi olarak tarihe geçmiştir. Saltanatı sırasında insanların
can ve mal güvenliğini önemsememiş ve oldukça zalim davranmış bu yüzden
‘’Korkunç İvan ‘’olarak adlandırılmıştır. Kararlı,
etkileyici ve acımasız bir portre çizen İvan, büyük hırsları olan ve intikam
duygusu oldukça yüksek bir Rus lideriydi. Düşmanları arasında korku salan, gözü
kara bir kişiliğe sahip olan IV. Ivan, bu yüzden kendine ihanet ettiği
gerekçesiyle 1582 yılında oğlunu öldürmüştür. Ivan, acımasız ve paronayak bir karaktere sahipti,
ancak bunun yanı sıra başarılı bir devlet adamıydı. Aktif bir iç ve dış
politika yürütmüş merkezi devlet yapısını güçlendirmiştir. Streletskiye voiska
adında bir ordu birliği kurmuş, kilise ve din sorunlarına büyük önem
vermiştir. İvan’ın hükümdarlığı sırasında Kazan ve Astrahan topraklarına
girilmiş, Batı Sibirya toprakları genişletilmiştir.
TÜRKİYE’DE HELAL TURİZM
Authors: BAYSAL Derya 
Published: May 2019

Son
yıllarda Müslüman nüfusun refah seviyesinin artması, İslami kurallara uygun
tatil yapma isteğini beraberinde getirmiştir. Önümüzdeki yıllarda Müslüman nüfusun
daha da artacağı düşünülürse, turizm endüstrisi için geliştirilebilir bir pazar
olan helal turizm pazarı bu bağlamda dikkat çekmektedir. Yaşanan siyasi ve
politik gelişmeler neticesinde ülkemizi ziyaret eden turist sayısında ve elde
edilen turizm gelirinde meydana gelen düşüş, daha özel bir pazar olarak görülen
helal turizm pazarının geliştirilmesi için fırsat olarak değerlendirilebilir.
Kavramsal çerçeve incelendiğinde, ‘helal turizm’ kavramı konusunda bir anlam
bütünlüğünün olmadığını söylemek mümkündür.
Çalışmanın öncelikli amacı helal turizm kavramını irdelemek ve bu
bağlamda helal turizmin Türkiye’de mevcut durumunu ve geliştirilebilir olup
olmadığını incelemektir.
ПОЭТИЧЕСКОЕ СВОЕОБРАЗИЕ СТАМБУЛЬСКОГО ПЕЙЗАЖА В РАБОТАХ РУССКИХ ХУДОЖНИКОВ ХIХ ВЕКА
Authors: UZELLİ Gönül 
Published: May 2019

Многие
русские художники с большим интересом относились к культуре Турции и приезжали
в эту страну. Особое внимание посещавшие Стамбул русские художники уделяли Османскому
дворцу и местности вокруг него, архитектурным памятникам византийского и
османского периодов, внимательно изучали город. В статье исследуются детали
интерьера и экстерьера в посвященных теме Стамбула Oсманского периода произведениях
таких русских художников, как К.П. Брюллов, И.К. Айвазовский, А.П. Боголюбов
и М.Н. Воробьёв.
MERSİN İLİ KÖY SEYİRLİK OYUNLARINDAN DEVE BOTLATMASI VE ÂŞUK-MÂŞUK OYUNU
Authors: ÇIBLAK COŞKUN Nilgün 
Published: May 2019

Günümüzde köy seyirlik oyunu çıkartma
geleneği, eskiye oranla zayıflamış olsa da bazı illerimizde hâlâ canlılığını
korumaktadır. Güney illerinden Mersin, söz konusu geleneğin yaşatıldığı
şehirlerden biridir. Özellikle geçimini tarım ürünleriyle ya da hayvancılıkla
sağlayan köylüler, yoğun olarak kış aylarında çeşitli seyirlik oyunlar
çıkartmaktadır. Bu oyunlar arasında "deve botlatması" ile âşuk-mâşuk
oyunu" hem içeriği, yapısı ve işlevi hem de köy ortamının dışında şenlik
ve festival gibi eğlence ortamlarında da icra edilmesi açısından dikkati
çekmektedir.

Bu bildiride, Mersin ilinde yaptığımız
alan araştırması sonucunda sözlü kültür ortamından gözlem ve görüşme yöntemiyle
tespit ettiğimiz "deve botlatması"
ve" âşuk-mâşuk oyunu"; oynanma zamanı ve yeri, oynanma nedeni ile
oyuncu kadrosu açısından ele alınıp incelenmiştir. Oyunların biçim, içerik ve
yapı özelliklerinin yanı sıra icra ortamına dair özellikleri de belirlenmiştir.
Ayrıca geçmişten günümüze bütün canlılığıyla kültürümüzde yer edinmiş bu oyunların,
sosyokültürel hayattaki önemi ve işlevleri konusuna değinilmiştir.
İncelememizde hem deve botlatması hem de âşuk-mâşuk oyununun, kent ortamına
taşınarak yöresel festivallerde arka arkaya icra edildiği tespit edilmiştir.
İcra ortamındaki bu değişim oyunların içeriğini de etkilemiştir, ancak bu durum
seyirlik oyunların gelenekteki eğlenme ve eğlendirme işlevini değiştirmemiştir.
Oyunlar, içerik bakımından yöre insanının hayata bakışı, yaşamı, doğadaki
olaylar karşısındaki düşünceleri ya da inanışları açısından da önemli
ipuçlarını bünyesinde barındırmaktadır.
CYBER BULLYING AS A VIRTUAL THREAT AMONG YOUTH
Authors: ÖZDEMİR Özlem 
Published: May 2019

Cyberbullying, which adversely affects the lives of many young people, means that someone virtually bully others who uses digital technology (internet, computer, tablet, mobile phone) through social media (Instagram, Facebook, Twitter, Linkedin, WhatsApp). The general purpose of cyberbullying is humiliating, harassing, mocking, moralizing, threatening, abusing through text messages. Cyber ​bullying with or without awareness of its consequences leads to health problems.The person who suffers from cyberbullying by his friends may experience behavioral disorders such as anxiety disorder, decreased self-esteem or depression in addition to the consequences of suicide. This situation which affects the school, family and friend relationship of the cyberbullied person should be considered as an important issue by the school management, health institutions and parents and young people should be warned about the subject. While serious studies are carried out in American and European countries regarding cyberbullying, Turkey is seen not given enough attention to the issue. In this study, it has been tried to explain the importance of cyberbullying, which is done consciously or unconsciously, by giving an example from the researches about the serious problem and its types.
IN SEARCH OF ASEAN TEACHER EDUCATION QUALITY ASSURANCE MODEL FOR SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT EDUCATION
Authors: Sundayana Wachyu , Hamied Fuad A. , Ali Mohammad 
Published: May 2019

Education for Sustainable Development (ESD) is the term mostly used internationally by United Nations. It was first documented in Agenda 21 which identified education as essential element for attaining sustainable development and underlined areas of action for education. In the United Nationes Report (1987) sustainable development is the develoment that meets the needs of the present without compromising the ability of future generations to meet their own needs. In the context of education, sustainable development refers to the process of providing students with knolwedge and understanding, skills and attributes needed to work and live in a way the safeguards enviromental, social and economic wellbeing, both in the persent and for future generations. The three elements of the ESD are reflected in graduate learning outcomes. In this connection, the articulation and accomodation of the elements of ESD in developing quality assurance system for higher teacher education institutions is considered essential. Providing prospective teachers with these elements in one of higher teacher education standards as they are commonly infused in teacher qualification framework. This framework serves as one of the bases for designing teacher education program or curriculum.
DECISION MAKING ANDCONSCIOUSNESS OF STAKEHOLDERS FOR RIVER IN INDONESIA
Authors: Komariah Imas , Matsumoto Toru 
Published: May 2019

River restoration in Indonesia is very important to be implemented because the river quality has been degraded. This action aims to improve the quality and function of rivers. Actual action has been done for landscape function. Several river restoration alternatives namely, river restoration species, river restoration ecosystem/landscape, and river restoration of ecosystem services (flood control, raw water, and hydropower plants). This research was done with questionnaire survey which are distributed to experts. The proposed research consists of Analytical Hierarchy Process (AHP) with five criteria’s, they are: river water, habitat, cost, landscape, and action. Based on these result several important sub criteria were water quality, water quantity, water use, water usage, biodiversity, species, population, agriculture, and public education. The result showed that the river restoration of ecosystem services (flood control, raw water, hydropower plants) is the most suitable alternative for all expert, but each expert has different suggestion. Furtheremore, the next questionnaire survey include stakeholders and community of watershed, and selecting river restoration public education for community of watershed.
MAPPING THE FOURTH INDUSTRIAL REVOLUTION GLOBAL TRANSFORMATIONS ON 21ST CENTURY EDUCATION ON THE CONTEXT OF SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT
Authors: Nordin Norazah , Norman Helmi 
Published: May 2019

Whether we are ready for it or not, the fourth industrial is impacting all facets of the society. World Economic Forum has reported that the fourth industrial revolution will impact major areas that including (i) disruption to job and skills, (ii) innovation and productivity;(iii) inequality; (iv) agile governance; (v) security and conflict; (vi) business disruption; (vii)fusing technologies; and (viii) ethics and identity. Despite these transformations, are we preparing our graduates for such a volatile ever-changing future working environment? Are our current 21st century teaching and learning practices designed with such transformations in mind? Are our educators equipped with the knowledge, expertise and skills for integration of such transformations in the education system? Are our existing teaching and learningecosystems flexible enough to deal and cater for such changes? The keynote address willaddress these key issues and discuss our how we map the fourth industrial revolution in the current 21st century education landscape.
Caracterização de argamassas produzidas com cinza do bagaço de cana-de-açúcar
Authors: Zanella Renato Michael , Garcia Paulo Roberto , Garcia Gabriella Faina 
Published: May 2019

Nos últimos anos, percebeu-se uma preocupação da sociedade com a preservação do meio ambiente e, consequentemente, com o crescente acúmulo de resíduos e dejetos de diferentes origens. Dentre esses resíduos, a cinza produzida a partir da queima do bagaço da cana-de-açúcar vem ganhando muita importância nesse cenário, já que se trata de uma fonte alternativa de energia renovável e sustentável. Assim, o objetivo principal deste trabalho foi caracterizar e analisar a influência da cinza do bagaço de cana-de-açúcar na resistência à compressão e na absorção de água por capilaridade de argamassas de cimento Portlad. As cinzas do bagaço de cana-deaçúcar e a areia utilizada nos ensaios foram caracterizadas quanto à sua distribuição granulométrica e massa específica. Foram moldados diversos corpos-de-prova de argamassas com substituição de 0, 30, 50 e 100% da areia utilizada como agregado miúdo por cinzas do bagaço de cana-de-açúcar. Foi utilizada como comparador a argamassa comum com substituição de 0%. O ensaio de resistência à compressão foi realizado após 3, 7 e 28 dias da moldagem dos corpos-de-prova e o ensaio de absorção de água por capilaridade foi realizado após 28 dias, no intervalo de 3h, 6h, 24, 48h e 72h após a colocação dos corpos-de-prova em contato com a água. Os resultados mostram que a cinza do bagaço de cana-de-açúcar apresenta melhorias significativas, tanto para resistência à compressão, quanto para a absorção de água por capilaridade nas argamassas. Assim, conclui-se que a cinza do bagaço de cana-de-açúcar pode ser utilizada em substituição à areia fina na fabricação de argamassas de cimento Portland.
BAUMAN, Zygmunt. Capitalismo parasitário: e outros temas contemporâneos. Tradução de Eliana Aguiar. Rio de Janeiro: Jorge Zahar Ed., 2010.
Authors: Bezerra Leonardo Mendes 
Published: May 2019

A obra “Capitalismo Parasitário: e outros temas contemporâneos” foi-me apresentada no Grupo de Estudos e Pesquisas em Cotidiano Escolar, vinculado ao Programa de Pós-graduação em Educação da Universidade de Sorocaba (UNISO), em 2019. Organizada em cinco capítulos reúne uma coletânea de ensaios e entrevistas com Zygmunt Bauman, Sociólogo polonês. Em todos os capítulos, o autor evidencia seu objetivo analítico, que é o questionamento dos efeitos das políticas e suas essências fundamentais da cultura capitalista neoliberal e da sociedade de consumo, assim como seus impactos nas multidimensões econômicas, sociais e culturais.
Induction of lymphocyte apoptosis in healthy individuals and patients with rheumatoid arthritis under “cellular neighborhood” in vitro
Authors: Abramova T. Ya. , Tsura V. A. , Blinova E. A. , Morenkova A. Yu. , Chumasova O. A. , Sulutian A. E. , Sizikov A. E. , Kozlov V. A. 
Published: May 2019

The aim of the study was to investigate the features of T-lymphocyte apoptosis induced by components of autologous apoptotic cultures in vitro in norm and rheumatoid arthritis in the context of «cellular neighborhood».Materials and methods. Subjects of the study were blood samples of patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA) and healthy women of comparable age. Developed protocol allowed to differentially evaluate the parameters of proliferation, early and late stages of apoptosis in the «primary» (CFSE-) and «secondary» (CFSE+) induced apoptotic T-lymphocyte cultures. It was estimated the effect of cellular and humoral components of unstimulated, anti-CD3- and dexamethasone-stimulated cells under the conditions of overcrowding and depleted culture media on autologous lymphocytes, cultured under physiological conditions, in norm and RA.Results. Comparative qualitative analysis revealed the features of the processes of T-lymphocyte apoptosis in norm and pathology. Also, the parameters of early and late stages of apoptosis of a «primary» induced culture and «secondary» induced cells after transferring the cellular and humoral components of apoptotic cultures did not differ significantly either initially or during culturing in both investigated groups. But it was a significant increase in the amount of living T-cells in «primary»-induced unstimulated and dexamethasone-stimulated RA patients’ cultures compared to similar donors’ cultures.Conclusion. There was no difference between stimulated with anti-CD3 antibodies cells and the «secondary» induced cultures. Taking into account the absence of significant differences in the parameters of activation apoptosis, the increased number of living cells in RA patients’ cultures relative to donors’ is evidence of contribution of non-autonomous apoptosis effects to cellular homeostasis in RA.
The role of epithelial cells in atopy pathogenesis
Authors: Kazimirsky A. N. , Salmasi J. M. , Poryadin G. V. , Svitich O. A. , Bragvadze B. G. , Alekseeva A. A. , Gankovskaya L. V. 
Published: May 2019

Aim. The study of the mechanisms of atopic disease formation and a model of immunopathogenesis of the atopic diseases.Methods. Determination of surface lymphocytes receptors in peripheral blood of atopic bronchial asthma and atopic dermatitis patients with the help of monoclonal antibodies using the indirect immunofluorescence method. Expression of genes encoding TLR2, TLR4 and TLR9 receptors of airborne epithelial cells by real-time polymerase chain reaction, as well as determination of cytokine TSLP, IL-33, IL-4 and TGFβ (eBioscience) in airway flushes in atopic asthma patients and healthy people.Results. During the exacerbation of atopic diseases in peripheral blood lymphocytes, an intensive activation process develops with impaired lymphocytes activating apoptosis aimed at the formation of plasma cells capable of developing intensive IgE synthesis. To search for signals that could explain the mechanism of rearrangement of the B-cell part of the immune system during atopy, the epithelium cells of the airways were examined in a group of patients with atopic asthma and found an increase in gene expression coding for TLR2, TLR4, TLR9 in 6, 3 and 2.5 times respectively. Along with increased expression of TLRs genes in patients with bronchial asthma, an increased content of TSLP and IL-33 cytokines secreted by epithelial cells of the airways was detected. These cytokines have an immunoregulatory action - their nearby antigen presenting functions format the Th2 type of immune response, promote the production of cytokines (IL-4, IL-9, IL-13) and cause the development of an allergic type of inflammation.Conclusion. We suppose that the main link in pathogenesis is a disruption of the interaction of TLRs with the corresponding ligands caused by spontaneous dimerization of TLRs under the malonic dialdehyde influence. The intake of slowly metabolized dimers of TLRs into epithelial cells is a signal for genome activation, which leads to the synthesis of allergic cytokines IL-33 and TSLP. Thus, the main immunopathogenesis pathway of atopic diseases is the pathological functional interaction between epithelial cells and peripheral blood B-lymphocytes.
Monocytes, B-cells and dendritic cells during rhinovirus-induced asthma exacerbation
Authors: Khaitov R. M. , Nikonova A. A. , Khaitov M. R. 
Published: May 2019

Aim. In this study we aimed to investigate circulating blood cells during experimental virus-induced asthma exacerbation vs baseline.Materials and methods. Rhinovirus 16 (RV16) experimental infections were induced in RV16-seronegative moderate and mild atopic asthmatic and healthy non-atopic subjects. PBMC from 8 mild, 12 moderate asthmatics and 6 normal subjects obtained at baseline (14 day) and at day 4 after infection with RV16 were analyzed by flow cytometry. B-cells were identified as CD19+. Monocytes were identified as MHC II, CD14high cells. The MHC II, CD14neg-low cells were further classified by CD123 and CD11c expression into myeloid DC (CD11chigh, mDC), plasmacytoid DC (CD123+, pDC).Results. There were no differences at baseline in frequencies of blood monocytes, mDC and pDC in asthmatic compared to normal subjects, but we found increased amount of B-cells in asthma group (p < 0.05). At day 4 after RV16 infection we found decreased percentages of pDC in both moderate and mild asthmatics (p < 0.05) compared to baseline.Conclusion. These data suggest an increased migratory potential of circulating pDCs during virus-induced asthma exacerbation. In patients with asthma pDCs could be recruited to the airways. It is possible that the distinct subsets of DCs may be recruited at different time points to the effector sites of allergic inflammation.
Regulatory T-lymphocyte subsets in patients with HIV-infection receiving highly active antiretroviral therapy
Authors: Chereshnev V. A. , Saidakova E. V. , Korolevskaya L. B. , Shmagel N. G. , Shmagel K. V. 
Published: May 2019

Background.The reason why HIV-infected patients receiving highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART) suffer from the increased immune activation remains elusive. Regulatory T-cells (Treg) are able to control immune activation, but their quantity may vary due to the infection. The aim of this work was to estimate the number and subsets of Tregs in HIV-positive patients receiving virologically effective HAART.Materials and methods.The CD4+ T-lymphocyte (CD3+CD4+) and Treg (CD3+CD4+FOXP3+) quantities were determined by flow cytometry. Treg subsets were assessed based on the FOXP3 expression level. The state of T-cell activation was established according to the simultaneous expression of CD38 and HLA-DR molecules.Results.It was shown that HIV-positive patients compared to healthy people have reduced CD4+ T-lymphocyte counts despite virologically effective HAART. At the same time in HIV-infected people, Treg absolute numbers were only slightly decreased. Moreover, the major part of Treg pool in their blood consisted of lymphocytes with a high level of FOXP3 expression that corresponded to the phenotype of cells with the highest suppressor activity. However, an increased relative amount of activated CD4+ T-lymphocytes was retained in the HIV-infected individuals’ blood.Conclusion.In HIV-infected patients who received HAART in time and whose treatment resulted in an effective HIV viral load suppression and a satisfactory CD4+ T-cell counts increase, a relatively large pool of peripheral Tregs is maintained. However, these lymphocytes are not enough to fully control immune activation that develops against the background of chronic lentivirus infection.
Phenotype and functions of human dendritic cells derived from CD14+ monocyte subsets opposed to CD16 expression
Authors: Chernykh E. R. , Tyrinova T. V. , Leplina O. Yu. , Tikhonova M. A. , Kurochkina Yu. D. , Oleynik E. A. , Sakhno L. V. , Ostanin A. A. 
Published: May 2019

The aim of the study was to analyze the relationship between monocyte subpopulations and phenotype/ functions of monocyte-derived dendritic cells (DCs), as well as DC sensitivity to the tolerogenic effect of dexamethasone.Materials and methods. The study included 15 healthy donors. DCs were generated by cultivating enriched fractions of CD14+ monocytes with or without CD16+cell depletion (CD16-Mo-DCs or CD16+Mo-DCs, respectively) in the presence of interferon alpha (IFNα) and granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF). Monocyte subpopulations were obtained by immunomagnetic negative selection.Results. CD16+Mo-DCs were characterized by higher percentage of mature (CD83+CD14-) and lower number of semi-mature (CD14+CD83+) cells, but were similar to CD16-Mo-DCs by HLA-DR and CD86 expression, involved in the presentation of antigens and activation of naive T-cells. and also to co-inhibitory/ tolerogenic molecules B7-H1 and TLR-2. CD16+Mo-DCs displayed higher allostimulatory activity, which was positively correlated with CD86 expression (rS = 0.69; p = 0.027) and negatively – with TLR-2 expression (rS = -0.72; p = 0.1). Allostimulatory activity of CD16-Mo-DCs was positively correlated with the number of mature CD14-CD83+DCs and semi-mature CD14+CD83+DCs. Addition of dexamethasone (10-6 M) into CD16-Mo-DCs and CD16+Mo-DCs cultures led to the delay of DC maturation, the decrease of CD86 and the increase of TLR-2 expression, as well as the increase of cells with co-inhibitory CD86- B7-H1+ phenotype that was positively correlated with the reduction of DC allostimulatory activity. The decrease of CD86+/TLR-2+ index in CD16+Mo-DC population was due to the reduction of CD86+DCs and in CD16-Mo-DC population – to the increase of TLR-2+cells. Dexamethasone possessed higher inhibitory effect on DC maturation in the CD16+Mo-DC cultures.Conclusion. CD14+ monocytes, both contained and depleted by CD16+ cells, can differentiate into DCs when cultured with IFNα. The presence of CD16+ cells in whole blood monocyte pool is associated with generation of DCs showed a more mature phenotype and higher allostimulatory activity. Both CD16- and CD16+ monocyte-derived DCs are sensitive to suppressive effect of dexamethasone. However, dexamethasone tolerogenic effect involves different mechanisms in CD16-Mo-DCs and CD16+Mo-DCs.