bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
An Intelligent System of Supervision and Safety of Flight Operations
Authors: Krupa Wojciech , Linka Anita , Wróblewska Agnieszka 
Published: May 2018

Abstract
The paper presents the functionality and applicability of AeroSafetyShow Demonstrator+PL (ASSD+PL). Software was invented and developed by a scientific consortium between Żelazny6 Wojciech Krupa company and Poznan University of Technology. Project was co-financed by the European Union and the National Centre for Research and Development. ASSD+PL is an intelligent system, which allows to increase the safety of flight operations by conducting surveillance in the real time. This system is the first controlling software which offering such a wide range of functionalities.
Research of Pneumatic Distributors for Launcher of Unmanned Aerial Vehicle (UAV)
Authors: Szczepaniak Paweł , Jóźko Michał 
Published: May 2018

Abstract
The test stand for investigations of flow characteristics of pneumatic distributor has been presented in this paper. This test stand has been composed as requirements include in standard PN-92/M-73763. The results of experimental and simulation investigations for standard five ways and two position pneumatic distributor have been presented. In simulations have been used CFD of SolidWorks Flow Simulation application. Flow characteristic of pneumatic distributor is necessary for design process of special pneumatic circuits of UAV launchers. CFD methods allow specify flow characteristics. Simulation research allow effective pneumatic components modification, whose used of special pneumatic circuits of UAV launchers. Results of experimental and simulation investigations were analyzed and compared.
A System Approach for Optimizing of Parameters of the Proposed Maritime Container Port in Świnoujście
Authors: Gucma Stanisław 
Published: May 2018

Abstract
The article presents specially developed methods for optimizing of parameters of the proposed maritime container port in Świnoujście with planned transshipment capacity of 1.5-million TEU intended for handling container vessels up to 400m length. The methods have been developed based on a system approach for the proposed maritime waterways.
Incidence of congenital hypothyroidism in China: data from the national newborn screening program, 2013–2015
Authors: Deng Kui , He Chunhua , Zhu Jun , Liang Juan , Li Xiaohong , Xie Xiaoyan , Yu Ping , Li Nana , Li Qi , Wang Yanping 
Published: May 2018

AbstractBackground:Congenital hypothyroidism (CH) is one of the most frequent, preventable causes of mental retardation. Little has been reported on the epidemiological characteristics of CH in China. We aimed to estimate the incidence of CH in China and investigate its geographical variation.Methods:We analyzed data from the nationwide newborn screening program for CH between 2013 and 2015. Poisson regression was used to generate the odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) between the rates of CH and selected demographic characteristics and assess the potential association between CH incidence and geographical locations.Results:A total of 18,666 patients with CH were identified from 45.2 million newborns, yielding an overall incidence rate of 4.13 per 10,000 live births. Compared with those in the remote area, regardless of infant sex, a higher incidence risk for CH was present in newborns in coastal areas and inland areas (females: OR=2.00, 95% CI: 1.86–2.16 and OR=1.74, 95% CI: 1.61–1.87, respectively; males: OR=1.70, 95% CI: 1.59–1.83 and OR=1.52, 95% CI: 1.42–1.63, respectively). Additionally, the highest risk of CH for thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH) screening values <40 mU/L was observed among neonates in the coastal areas, while TSH screening values of 70–100 mU/L were observed among those in the inland areas.Conclusions:The overall incidence of CH is high in China. The significant geographical variations of CH incidence are presented in this study.
Severe lactic acidosis in an extremely low birth weight infant due to thiamine deficiency
Authors: Ozdemir Hulya , Bilgen Hulya , Alp Unkar Zeynep , Kiykim Ertugrul , Memisoglu Asli , Ozek Eren 
Published: May 2018

Abstract

Background:
In this case report, we present a preterm newborn with persistent lactic acidosis who received total parenteral nutrition (TPN) that lacked thiamine.

Case presentation:
A 28-week-old, 750 g female infant was born with an Apgar score of 8 at the 5th minute. Umbilical cord blood gas levels, including lactate level, were normal, and she was admitted to our neonatal intensive care unit (NICU). Achieving full enteral feeding was not possible due to gastric residues and abdominal distention, making the patient dependent on TPN during the first 2 weeks of life. An insidious increase in lactic acid levels and uncompensated metabolic acidosis were apparent from the 23rd day of life. Severe metabolic acidosis was persistent despite massive doses of bicarbonate. The acidosis resolved dramatically within 6 h when the patient was administered with thiamine.

Conclusions:
Although TPN is life saving in the NICU, meticulous attention must be paid to provide all essential macro- and micro-nutrients.
Trends in the use of puberty blockers among transgender children in the United States
Authors: Lopez Carla Marisa , Solomon Daniel , Boulware Susan D. , Christison-Lagay Emily R. 
Published: May 2018

Abstract

Background:
The objective of the study was to identify national trends in the utilization of histrelin acetate implants among transgender children in the United States.

Methods:
We analyzed demographic, diagnostic and treatment data from 2004 to 2016 on the use of histrelin acetate reported to the Pediatric Health Information System (PHIS) to determine the temporal trends in its use for transgender-related billing diagnoses, e.g. “gender identity disorder”. Demographic and payer status data on this patient population were also collected.

Results:
Between 2004 and 2016, the annual number of implants placed for a transgender-related diagnosis increased from 0 to 63. The average age for placement was 14 years. Compared to natal females, natal males were more likely to receive implants (57 vs. 46) and more likely to have implants placed at an older age (62% of natal males vs. 50% of natal females were ≥;13 years; p<0.04). The majority of children were White non-Hispanic (White: 60, minority: 21). When compared to the distribution of patients treated for precocious puberty (White: 1428, minority: 1421), White non-Hispanic patients were more likely to be treated with a histrelin acetate implant for a transgender-related diagnosis than minority patients (p<0.001). This disparity was present even among minority patients with commercial insurance (p<0.001).

Conclusions:
Utilization of histrelin acetate implants among transgender children has increased dramatically. Compared to natal females, natal males are more likely to receive implants and also more likely to receive implants at an older age. Treated transgender patients are more likely to be White when compared to the larger cohort of patients being treated with histrelin acetate for central precocious puberty (CPP), thus identifying a potential racial disparity in access to medically appropriate transgender care.
Serum sFlt-1/PlGF ratio has better diagnostic ability in early- compared to late-onset pre-eclampsia
Authors: Chuah Theng Theng , Tey Wan Shi , Ng Mor Jack , Tan Edward T.H. , Chern Bernard , Tan Kok Hian 
Published: May 2018

Abstract

Background
To establish gestational specific cutoffs for the soluble fms-like tyrosine kinase-1 (sFlt-1) and placental growth factor (PlGF) ratio as a diagnostic tool for pre-eclampsia (PE) in an Asian population.

Methods
82 subjects (48 PE patients and 34 controls) were recruited. sFlt-1 and PlGF were analysed on the Roche Cobas e411 analyzer and their ratio was calculated. Diagnostic performance was evaluated using receiver-operating characteristics (ROC) curves. Optimal cutoffs for sFlt-1/PlGF ratio were determined for different gestation phases.

Results
The most optimal cut-off for the study group is 32 with a sensitivity and specificity of 85.1% and 100% and Youden Index (J) of 0.85. Applying this cutoff for early-onset PE (EO-PE), sensitivity increased to 95.8% while specificity remains at 100% (J=0.96). However, for late onset PE (LO-PE), sensitivity decreases to 73.9% while specificity remains at 100% (J=0.74). Two cutoffs were further determined for EO-PE and LO-PE – the first focusing on high sensitivity; the second focusing on high specificity. For EO-PE, cutoff <17 yielded sensitivity of 100% and specificity of 94.4% (J=0.94) while cutoff ≥32 yielded sensitivity of 95.8% and specificity of 100% (J=0.95). For LO-PE, cutoff <22 has a sensitivity of 82.6% and a specificity of 91.7% (J=0.74) while cutoff ≥32 yielded sensitivity of 73.9% and specificity of 100% (J=0.74).

Conclusion
While our study found an overall cutoff at 32 regardless of gestation age, it has limited diagnostic accuracy for LO-PE in our study. Multiple cutoffs focusing on either high sensitivity or high specificity enhance the performance of the sFlt-1/PlGF ratio as a diagnostic tool for PE and contribute to the identification of women at risk of PE in our Asian region.
Macro Aid: Applying Microcredit’s Group Liability Principle to Foreign Aid
Authors: Skladany Martin 
Published: May 2018

Abstract
This article proposes a novel form of foreign aid—macro aid. Under macro aid, developing countries that are aid recipients would be self-organized into groups and held collectively responsible for stolen or negligently wasted grants. If such abuse occurs, all developing countries in the group would no longer be eligible for any additional aid from the same funding source. Such shared responsibility would build powerfully constructive pressure among developing countries to not abuse aid. Moreover, the public nature of the program would enhance transparency, strengthen expectations, motivate citizens to demand that all group countries live up to the international attention, and shine a spotlight on aid agencies to prevent them from continuing to tolerate systemic corruption. Macro aid programs could also be set up within developing countries at the regional or local governmental level. Further, developing countries could voluntarily decide to establish macro aid groups to signal to domestic and foreign investors their resolve to reform. If such a high level of accountability is expected from the poor who are enrolled in microcredit programs that require group repayment, it is reasonable that the same level of responsibility and oversight should also be applied to groups of elite politicians in developing countries.
Good Governance and Development in Botswana – The Democracy Conundrum
Authors: Ghebremusse Sara 
Published: May 2018

Abstract
Unlike many of its African neighbours, Botswana achieved levels of socio-economic development in spite of its abundant mineral wealth. Botswana’s effective management of its mineral resources also aided in its avoidance of the resource curse and corresponding weak institutions. The contribution of Botswana’s mineral wealth to its development best characterizes the country as a “resource-rich developmental state.” However, the correlation between democratic principles and institutions to Botswana’s developmental success was unclear. This paper examines the connection between democracy and development in Botswana by relying on the “thin” versus “thick” spectrum of democratic institutions expounded by Mariana Prado, Mario Schapiro, and Diogo Coutinho. The paper argues that Botswana’s institutions are not democratically “thick”; therefore, democracy and “good” governance, as its conceived neoliberally, do not explain Botswana’s development outcomes. Instead, this paper contends that David Trubek, Diogo Coutinho, and Mario Schapiro’s “legal functionalities” framework, which credits the success of development policies to four roles the legal system could play: (i) safeguarding flexibility, (ii) stimulating orchestration, (iii) framing synergy, and (iv) ensuring legitimacy, is better suited to explain the success of Botswana’s resource-rich developmental state.
Effects of Hyperbaric Exposure on the Cardiovascular System. Role of the Autonomous Nervous System
Authors: Kujawski Sławomir , Słomko Joanna , Zawadka-Kunikowska Monika , Kozakiewicz Mariusz , Klawe Jacek J. , Tafil-Klawe Małgorzata , Zalewski Paweł 
Published: May 2018

Abstract
Introduction Among experienced divers, dive adaptation is seen as a modified pattern of physiological changes. This is reflected, inter alia, in the change in cardiovascular responses, therefore there is need to examine the role of the autonomic nervous system in cardiovascular response modulation after hyperbaric exposure. Material and methods Ten experienced divers took part in the study. The effects of hyperbaric exposure at 30 and 60 meters and interaction (depth x time) were measured. Changes in HR, RRI, CI and HRV values have been taken into analysis. Results Hyperbaric exposure at 30 meters significantly affected HFnu-RRI elevation and decrease of LFnu-RRI (F = 42.92, p <0.00001), without significant affecting the HR, RRI and CI. Exposure to hyperbaric 60 m increased HR and CI (F = 7.64, p = 0.01 and F = 4.89, p = 0.04 respectively) and RRI (F = 7.69, p = 0.01), without significant impact on other variables. The influence of interaction (depth x time) was significant in all measured variables. Conclusions The results indicate that hyperbaric exposure at 60 meters affected HR, RRI, CI parameters, that were not significantly affected by hyperbaric exposure at 30 meters. On the other hand, the exposure at 30 meters showed a significant effect on the LFnu and HFnu HRV, which were not significantly affected by the exposure at 60 meters. Significant effect of time and depth interaction in each of the analyzed variables was observed.
Hyperbaric Oxygen Therapy in Treating a Poorly Healing Wound Following Cardiac Surgery in a Patient with Congenital Connective Tissue Defect – Case Report
Authors: Bryndza Magdalena , Filip Grzegorz , Bartuś Krzysztof , Chrapusta Anna , Kobielska Ewa , Kapelak Bogusław , Litwinowicz Radosław 
Published: May 2018

Abstract
We hereby present the case of a female patient with recurrent aortic aneurysms. In order to treat aneurysms of the ascending aorta, aortic arch and aneurysms of the aortic arch branches, the debranching procedure was used. Following the surgery, a deep sternal wound infection occurred characterised by impaired healing. The infection was treated with targeted antibiotic therapy and hyperbaric oxygen therapy.
Experimental Research Into the Effect of Hyperbaric Exposures
Authors: Dolatkowski Augustyn , Doboszyński Tadeusz , Łokucijewski Bogdan 
Published: May 2018

Abstract
Numerous research works indicate that staying in a hyperbaric environment is a stressor. We have undertaken studies using an animal model to determine the effect of hyperbaria on adrenocortical secretion and the level of adrenal ascorbic acid (a.a.a.). The research was conducted on 70 male hooded rats, which were divided into groups and subjected to hyperbaric air and oxygen at an overpressure of 1 and 3 atn, with some of the animals being additionally burdened with physical effort (swimming). It was found that short-term exposures (30 minutes) of rats to hyperbaric conditions caused a decrease in the content of a.a.a. With a prolonged (3-hour) exposure to 3 atm air the a.a.a. content returns to a normal level. A reduction in the a.a.a. content indicates the presence of stress in hyperbaric conditions in the rat, however, it does not allow to determine its intensity with the method used in the study.
Selected Gastroenterologic Problems in the Tropics (Peacekeeping Missions, Work)
Authors: Jerzemowski Maciej , Dąbrowiecki Zbigniew , Olszański Romuald , Siermontowski Piotr , Jerzemowski Janusz 
Published: May 2018

Abstract
Research shows a potential threat from external environmental factors which might be the cause of upper and lower gastrointestinal diseases in tourists, or soldiers engaged in tropical peacekeeping missions. The research includes infections which due to their spread are also present in their home countries such as Helicobacter pylori infections, viral hepatitis as well as infections which might cause symptoms of upper and lower gastrointestinal tract diseases as a result of poor sanitary and unhygienic conditions. Contact with diseases typical of the tropical climate, especially during longer stays, increases the chances of bringing some tropical diseases back to Poland, which can be problematic for the domestic health care service.
Quantifying Privacy Loss of Human Mobility Graph Topology
Authors: Manousakas Dionysis , Mascolo Cecilia , Beresford Alastair R. , Chan Dennis , Sharma Nikhil 
Published: May 2018

Abstract
Human mobility is often represented as a mobility network, or graph, with nodes representing places of significance which an individual visits, such as their home, work, places of social amenity, etc., and edge weights corresponding to probability estimates of movements between these places. Previous research has shown that individuals can be identified by a small number of geolocated nodes in their mobility network, rendering mobility trace anonymization a hard task. In this paper we build on prior work and demonstrate that even when all location and timestamp information is removed from nodes, the graph topology of an individual mobility network itself is often uniquely identifying. Further, we observe that a mobility network is often unique, even when only a small number of the most popular nodes and edges are considered. We evaluate our approach using a large dataset of cell-tower location traces from 1 500 smartphone handsets with a mean duration of 430 days. We process the data to derive the top−N places visited by the device in the trace, and find that 93% of traces have a unique top−10 mobility network, and all traces are unique when considering top−15 mobility networks. Since mobility patterns, and therefore mobility networks for an individual, vary over time, we use graph kernel distance functions, to determine whether two mobility networks, taken at different points in time, represent the same individual. We then show that our distance metrics, while imperfect predictors, perform significantly better than a random strategy and therefore our approach represents a significant loss in privacy.
Privacy-preserving Machine Learning as a Service
Authors: Hesamifard Ehsan , Takabi Hassan , Ghasemi Mehdi , Wright Rebecca N. 
Published: May 2018

Abstract
Machine learning algorithms based on deep Neural Networks (NN) have achieved remarkable results and are being extensively used in different domains. On the other hand, with increasing growth of cloud services, several Machine Learning as a Service (MLaaS) are offered where training and deploying machine learning models are performed on cloud providers’ infrastructure. However, machine learning algorithms require access to the raw data which is often privacy sensitive and can create potential security and privacy risks. To address this issue, we present CryptoDL, a framework that develops new techniques to provide solutions for applying deep neural network algorithms to encrypted data. In this paper, we provide the theoretical foundation for implementing deep neural network algorithms in encrypted domain and develop techniques to adopt neural networks within practical limitations of current homomorphic encryption schemes. We show that it is feasible and practical to train neural networks using encrypted data and to make encrypted predictions, and also return the predictions in an encrypted form. We demonstrate applicability of the proposed CryptoDL using a large number of datasets and evaluate its performance. The empirical results show that it provides accurate privacy-preserving training and classification.
The Factors that Determine Reproductive Health Characteristics of Adolescents in Serbia
Authors: Djordjevic Gordana , Radovanovic Snezana , Djonovic Nela , Radevic Svetlana , Vasiljevic Dragan , Mihailovic Natasa 
Published: May 2018

Abstract
The aim of the work is to assess vulnerability degree of reproductive health in adolescent population in Serbia by analyzing their sexual behavior. The paper is based on data from a National health survey of the population in Serbia in 2013 (without Kosovo and Metohija region), conducted by the Ministry of Health of the Republic of Serbia. For the purposes of this study, the data used are referred to households and population of age 15 and over, so that the final number for analysis is a sample of 1722 respondents aged 15-24. The study included demographic characteristics of respondents (age, gender, settlement type, region) and the characteristics of reproductive health: sexual behavior, use of contraceptive protection, knowledge and attitudes towards HIV, protection of reproductive health. χ2 test was applied for testing differences in frequency of categorical variables. All results with a probability that equals to or is less than 5% (p≤0.05) are considered statistically significant. Among the respondents, there were more than half (53.5%) of sexually active adolescents. The highest percentage of them- 16.6% responded that they had first sexual intercourse at the age of 17. 53.4% of adolescents had sexual intercourse with one partner, 26.4% of respondents had sexual intercourse with two or more partners. The most commonly used contraceptive method was interrupted intercourse (coitus interruptus) with 34.7% of respondents.
Do pain-associated contexts increase pain sensitivity? An investigation using virtual reality
Authors: Harvie Daniel S. , Sterling Michele , Smith Ashley D. 
Published: May 2018

Abstract

Background and aims
Pain is not a linear result of nociception, but is dependent on multisensory inputs, psychological factors, and prior experience. Since nociceptive models appear insufficient to explain chronic pain, understanding non-nociceptive contributors is imperative. Several recent models propose that cues associatively linked to painful events might acquire the capacity to augment, or even cause, pain. This experiment aimed to determine whether contexts associated with pain, could modulate mechanical pain thresholds and pain intensity.

Methods
Forty-eight healthy participants underwent a contextual conditioning procedure, where three neutral virtual reality contexts were paired with either unpredictable noxious stimulation, unpredictable vibrotactile stimulation, or no stimulation. Following the conditioning procedure, mechanical pain thresholds and pain evoked by a test stimulus were examined in each context. In the test phase, the effect of expectancy was equalised across conditions by informing participants when thresholds and painful stimuli would be presented.

Results
Contrary to our hypothesis, scenes that were associated with noxious stimulation did not increase mechanical sensitivity (p=0.08), or increase pain intensity (p=0.46). However, an interaction with sex highlighted the possibility that pain-associated contexts may alter pain sensitivity in females but not males (p=0.03).

Conclusions
Overall, our data does not support the idea that pain-associated contexts can alter pain sensitivity in healthy asymptomatic individuals. That an effect was shown in females highlights the possibility that some subgroups may be susceptible to such an effect, although the magnitude of the effect may lack real-world significance. If pain-associated cues prove to have a relevant pain augmenting effect, in some subgroups, procedures aimed at extinguishing pain-related associations may have therapeutic potential.