bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
ALBA-TCP: Hacia nuevos mecanismos de participación de la economía social y solidaria
Authors: Schaposnik Carmen Rosa , Pardo Eugenia Candelaria 
Published: September 2019

Propósito: el alba-tcp es una iniciativa de integración regional promovida por el ex presidente Hugo Chávez Frías que introduce la novedad de contemplar en sus mecanismos e instrumentos de cooperación un nuevo tipo de agenda social. Ello cobra significatividad en un mundo convulsionado desde la crisis global de 2007-2008 por la acción especulativa de grupos concentrados que desestabilizan las economías a escala mundial; también, en una región como la latinoamericana y caribeña donde coexisten visiones divergentes en relación con la integración regional. Descripción: el artículo propone, primero, realizar un repaso de la participación social en la institucionalidad del alba-tcp; luego, una revisión de los mecanismos de inserción de la economía social y solidaria; y finalmente, busca identificar el desafío que representa este nuevo tipo de agenda social. Punto de vista: desde una perspectiva descriptiva-interpretativa, se presentará la tensión intelectual que propone este modelo de integración junto con las posibilidades que se abren para la economía social y solidaria. Conclusiones: se pretende reflexionar a partir del reconocimiento de una realidad conflictiva, abierta y condicionada por el territorio, acerca de la necesidad de un trabajo conjunto de los científicos con los pueblos.
CUMHURİYET’İN İLK YILLARINDA TÜRKİYE'NİN GÜNEY SINIRINDA GERÇEKLEŞTİRİLEN KAÇAKÇILIK FAALİYETLERİ
Authors: GÖZCÜ Alev , ÇAKMAK Fevzi 
Published: September 2019

Türk Dil Kurumuna göre kaçakçılık “Bir devletin
yasalarına karşı gelerek yapılan ticaret, gizli olarak, sezdirmeden kaçırma
işi”dir. Kaçakçı ise yine aynı kurumun yaptığı tanımlamaya göre; “Vergi
vermeden, yasalarca alım satımı yasak
edilen nesneleri yurda sokma, yurttan çıkarma, gizlice alıp satma ve bundan bir
kazanç sağlama” ve ya “yasal olmayan gizli yollardan ve herhangi bir vergi
ödemeden ülke dışından ülkeye mal sokulması”
eylemini yapan şeklinde tanımlamaktadır. Söz konusu eylem bir ülkeye
gayri yasal yollardan bir ticari malın getirilmesi kadar; aynı zamanda insan
taşınması şeklinde de olabilmektedir. Kaçakçı insan taşıdığı vakit şüphesiz
onun gözünde insan da bir ticari meta haline gelmektedir. İnsanın yasal olmayan
tüm eylemleri gibi kaçakçılıkta tarih boyunca dünyada insanın var olduğu hemen
her yerde ve dönemde yaygın bir eylem olarak gerçekleşmiştir. Günümüzde de
devam eden bir eylem olmayı sürdürmektedir.Anadolu yarımadası iki kıtayı birbirine bağlayan biz
cazibe merkezi olarak her çeşit ticari faaliyetin merkezi olduğu gibi
kaçakçılık açısından da bir merkez olmaktan kurtulamamıştır. Türkiye Cumhuriyeti Devleti de tıpkı
kendisinden önceki Osmanlı Devleti gibi topraklarında ve sınırlarında kaçakçılığı
önleyebilmek için kurulduğundan beri resmi olarak çaba harcamaktadır.

Bu makale de Cumhuriyet’in ilk dönemi resmi belgelerinden
hareketle Türkiye’nin güney sınırı ve çevresinde kaçakçılık faaliyetleri ele
alınacaktır. Bu süreçte devletin bölgede
kaçakçılığı önlemek için aldığı önlemlerden hareketle sözü geçen dönemde
Türkiye’de kaçakçılık olgusunun değerlendirilmesi amaçlanmaktadır.
Development and research of hydraulic drive of sheet shears
Authors: Pilipenko S. S. , Potapenkov A. P. 
Published: September 2019

The paper describes the pump gear-multiplier drive of sheet shears with a two-cylinder power unit. The description of the developed drive scheme with the use of dual dispensers (reducer and multiplier) of periodic action is given. The gear is engaged at idle, the multiplier – at work. Their charging comes up at the reverse course of the power unit. Each dispenser has an input cylinder connected to the pump and two dosing (output) cylinders connected separately with the power cylinders of the power unit. In this case, the cylinder bodies form a fixed block, and the plungers (pistons) – a movable block. It solves the main task: synchronization of movement of the pistons (plungers) of the power cylinders during all operation periods. Due to different ratio of the area of pistons (plungers) of inlet (Fв ) and dosing cylinders (2Fд ), a direct stroke mode with two stages of pump speed and pressure is provided. For the reducer, ratio (Fв /(2Fд )) determines reduction coefficient (Kp < 1), for the multiplier – the coefficient of multiplication (Kм > 1). As a result, the idling speed of the pistons of the power cylinders and pressure developed by the pumps increase, and during the working stroke – these values decrease. Working pressure of the pumps is equalized at a direct flow at a reduced level, which determines reduction of their installation power (up to 30 %). The analysis of graphs of power loading and speed was made. The condition of constant load at each of three main periods of the drive operation was accepted as: idle, working and reverse. Determinant parameters of the considered drive are the coefficients Kр (reduction), Kм (animation) and Kс – the gain of the power unit. The paper presents a comparative analysis of the considered and simple pump drive in order to establish the received combination and range of these values.
Multivariate estimation of production duration of steel wire batches on the basis of situational-regulatory models. Message 2
Authors: Kulakov S. M. , Musatova A. I. , Kadykov V. N. 
Published: September 2019

Accurate accounting and rating of duration of production cycles is necessary for rational planning and forecasting of production time. Production duration of products batches is the basis for operational schedules design. Without duration of cycles, it is impossible to establish calendar dates for start-up of semi-finished products to a particular stage of processing, as well as to determine timing of production and timing of the products batch for individual production sites. The considered task of multivariate estimation of standard duration of manufacturing of a specific batch of steel wire is to determine optimal duration of operations required for this batch production for each situation. To solve it, it is necessary: to build models of production processes performed in each branch of steelwire complex; to determine composition, duration and conditions for performing technological, natural, labor, control and transport operations; to specify the type and amount of equipment used in each department; tolist types of material flow units (riots, skeins, coils); to establish nature and type of movement of semi-finished products (products) in operations of each process; to specify ways of moving products from each previous peration for each subsequent (piece, batch, batch), as well as the number of packages and lots being moved; to take into account the type of applied production lines (continuous, semi-continuous, discrete). All of the above is reflected in presented multi-loop algorithm, approbation of which is performed by simulation method using field data of operating enterprise.
La colaboración entre futuros traductores: su impacto en las creencias de autoeficacia para traducir
Authors: Haro-Soler María del Mar 
Published: September 2019

Se presenta un estudio longitudinal de investigación-acción, cuyo objetivo general es identificar modos de desarrollar creencias de autoeficacia realistas por parte de los traductores en formación, lo que contribuirá a superar la dificultad que supone plasmar en objetivos didácticos las autopercepciones del traductor. El presente estudio persigue: a) analizar la influencia del trabajo colaborativo en las creencias de autoeficacia (confianza) de los estudiantes, y b) analizar las razones de esta influencia (ya sea positiva, negativa o nula). Para lograrlo, adoptamos un enfoque metodológico mixto basado en técnicas cualitativas, como la entrevista, el grupo de discusión y la observación en el aula; y cuantitativas, como la encuesta. Esta se materializó en un cuestionario que incluía la Escala de creencias de autoeficacia del traductor (Haro-Soler, 2018a), que los estudiantes completaron al comienzo y al final de la asignatura cuatrimestral en la que desarrollamos este estudio. Los resultados indican que el trabajo colaborativo favorece las creencias de autoeficacia para traducir, en general, y para tomar decisiones de traducción y trabajar con otros agentes en el proceso traductor, en particular.Fecha de recepción: 30/04/2019Fecha de aceptación: 30/06/2019¿Cómo citar este artículo?Haro-Soler, M. M. (2019). La colaboración entre futuros traductores: su impacto en las creencias de autoeficacia para traducir. Mutatis Mutandis. Revista Latinoamericana de Traducción, 12(2), 330-356. doi: 10.27533/udea.mut.v12n2a01
Scapula’nın morfometrik analizi ve klinik önemi
Authors: KABAKCI Ayşe Gül , POLAT Sema , YÜCEL Ahmet Hilmi 
Published: September 2019

Amaç: Bu çalışmanın amacı, omuz sentürünün önemli bir elemanı olan kuru kemik os scapula’nın morfometrik ve anatomik ölçümlerinin elde edilmesi ve toplumlar arası karşılaştırılmasıdır. Gereç ve Yöntem: Çalışmaya yaşı ve cinsiyeti belirsiz, toplam altmış dokuz (69) adet kuru kemik scapula dahil edildi. Ölçüm parametreleri; Scapula Maksimum Uzunluğu (SU), Scapula Maksimum Genişliği (SG), Spina Scapulae Uzunluğu (SSU), Cavitas Glenoidalis Superior Inferior Genişlik (CGSIG), Cavitas Glenoidalis Antero Posterior Genişlik (CGAPG), Medial Kenar Uzunluğu Supraspinata (MKUS), Medial Kenar Uzunluğu Infraspinata (MKUI), Lateral Kenar Uzunluğu (LKU), Acromion-Cavitas Glenoidalis Arası Mesafe (ACGM) ve Cavitas Glenoidalis-Processus Coracoideus Arası Mesafe (CGPCM)’dir. Ayrıca scapular indeks, glenoid indeks ve infraspinat indeks hesaplanmıştır. Bulgular: Altmış dokuz (69) adet kuru kemik scapula’dan 31 adet sağ, 38 adet sol taraf olarak bulunmuştur. Scapula’ya ait ölçüm parametreleri ve ortalamaları aşağıdaki gibidir: Scapula Maksimum Uzunluğu; 14,08±1,25 cm, Scapula Maksimum Genişliği; 9,85±0,80 cm, Spina Scapulae Uzunluğu; 8,19±0,87 cm, Cavitas Glenoidalis Superior Inferior Genişlik; 3,68±0,36 cm, Cavitas Glenoidalis Antero Posterior Genişlik; 2,51±0,27 cm, Medial Kenar Uzunluğu Supraspinata; 4,68±0,44 cm, Medial Kenar Uzunluğu Infraspinata; 10,71±1,11 cm, Lateral Kenar Uzunluğu; 12,25±1,15 cm, Acromion - Cavitas Glenoidalis Arası Mesafe; 2,63±0,42 cm ve Cavitas Glenoidalis - Processus Coracoideus Arası Mesafe 2,00±0,28 cm’dir. Sonuç: Scapula anatomisinin bilinmesi ve morfometrik ölçümlerinin elde edilmesi scapula’yı ilgilendiren patolojiler ve cerrahi girişimler açısından öneme sahiptir.
Dipiron farelerde anksiyolitik-benzeri etkiler oluşturuyor mu?
Authors: TOPUZ Ruhan Deniz , GÜNDÜZ Özgür , DÖKMECİ Dikmen , KARADAĞ Çetin Hakan , ULUGÖL Ahmet 
Published: September 2019

Amaç: Yakın zamanda parasetamol’ün anksiyolitik-benzeri etkileri olduğu ve bu etkilerine kannabinoid CB1 reseptörlerinin aracılık ettiği gösterilmiştir. Etkilerinde santral sinir sisteminin rolü olduğu uzun zamandır düşünülen ve etkileri açısından non-steroid anti-inflamatuvar ilaçlardan çok parasetamol ile benzerlik gösteren bir analjezik olan dipiron’un da antinosiseptif etkisinde kannabinoid sistemin rolü olduğu belirtilmiştir. Bu verilerden yola çıkarak dipiron’un anksiyolitik etki gösterebileceği düşünüldü; varsa bu etkisinde kannabinoid ve TRPV1 reseptörlerinin katkısının araştırılması planlandı.Gereç ve Yöntem: Balb-c farelerde dipiron (150, 300, 600 mg/kg, i.p.) verildikten sonra üç odalı sosyallik ve sosyal yenilik testi, açık alan testi ve yükseltilmiş artı labirent testleri uygulanması, etki görülürse kannabinoid CB1 antagonisti AM251 (1 mg/kg i.p.), CB2 antagonisti SR 144528 (1 mg/kg i.p.) ve TRPV1 antagonisti kapsazepin (3 mg/kg i.p.) ile birlikte verilmesi düşünüldü. Bulgular: Dipiron herhangi bir dozunda davranış testlerinin (üç odalı sosyallik ve sosyal yenilik testi, açık alan testi ve yükseltilmiş artı labirent testi) hiçbirisinde etki göstermedi. Bu nedenle, dipiron ile birlikte kannabinoid CB1, CB2 ve TRPV1 reseptör antagonistlerinin birlikte uygulanacağı aşamaya geçilmedi.Sonuç: Parasetamol’den farklı olarak, dipiron farelerde anksiyolitik-benzeri etkilere yol açmamaktadır. Deneysel modeller ve ölçüm yöntemlerindeki farklılıklar bu bulgularımızın nedeni olabilir.
Una aproximación compleja de forma y función del uso lingüístico y de teoría y práctica de la enseñanza de la gramática de ELE
Authors: Granda Beatriz 
Published: September 2019

La enseñanza de la gramática continúa siendo motivo de debate, ya que tanto los contenidos como las metodologías utilizados en clase no han variado mucho: se prioriza, generalmente, la descomposición de sus partes constituyentes y los procedimientos de identificación de categorías (Bosque y Gallego, 2016). En este artículo se exponen las características de una materia de un programa de especialización (nivel posgrado), que parte del discurso como unidad de enseñanza; su objetivo es presentar la lengua desde una perspectiva compleja, con contenidos y procedimientos (teoría y práctica vinculadas) que capaciten al profesor de español como lengua extranjera (ELE) para:- integrar los planos morfológicos, sintácticos, semánticos y discursivos en el análisis y explicación del funcionamiento de la lengua;- vincular el uso de la morfología del pasado con categorías discursivas narrativas y con procedimientos referenciales que lleva a cabo el narrador en la situación de enunciación del discurso (Granda, 2014).
A construção do ethos discursivo corporativo: o uso de si e noção de competência
Authors: De Freitas Ernani Cesar , Dos Santos Eliane Davila , Cabral Ederson De Oliveira , Silveira Rosana Vaz 
Published: September 2019

O mundo do trabalho e a atividade laboriosa revelam uma distância entre o trabalho prescrito e o trabalho efetivamente realizado nas organizações. A linguagem no, como e sobre o trabalho constrói um mundo normatizado e idealizado, cujas competências corporativas de trabalho posicionam dialeticamente a cultura da empresa e o uso do corpo-si. Objetiva-se analisar documentos de comunicação do banco Itaú-Unibanco, por meio da compreensão da cena enunciativa construída pela organização. Como marco teórico, utilizam-se postulados da ergologia, no que diz respeito à relação linguagem e trabalho, conforme Schwartz e Durrive (2010); da análise do discurso, com ênfase nos pressupostos enunciativo-discursivos relacionados aos conceitos de cena enunciativa, cenografia e ethos segundo Maingueneau (2008, 2016a). O corpus de pesquisa corresponde a recortes discursivos documentais do banco Itaú-Unibanco que são apresentados no site oficial da instituição.
Raman Biomarkers Are Associated with Cyclic Fatigue Life of Human Allograft Cortical Bone
Authors: Du Jerry Y. , Flanagan Christopher D. , Bensusan Jay S. , Knusel Konrad D. , Akkus Ozan , Rimnac Clare M. 
Published: September 2019

Background:
Structural bone allografts are an established treatment method for long-bone structural defects resulting from such conditions as traumatic injury and sarcoma. The functional lifetime of structural allografts depends on resistance to cyclic loading (cyclic fatigue life), which can lead to fracture at stress levels well below the yield strength. Raman spectroscopy biomarkers can be used to non-destructively assess the 3 primary components of bone (collagen, mineral, and water), and may aid in optimizing allograft selection to decrease fatigue fracture risk. We studied the association of Raman biomarkers with the cyclic fatigue life of human allograft cortical bone.

Methods:
Twenty-one cortical bone specimens were machined from the femoral diaphyses of 4 human donors (a 63-year old man, a 61-year-old man, a 51-year-old woman, and a 48-year-old woman) obtained from the Musculoskeletal Transplant Foundation. Six Raman biomarkers were analyzed: collagen disorganization, mineral maturation, matrix mineralization, and 3 water compartments. The specimens underwent cyclic fatigue testing under fully reversed conditions (35 and 45 MPa), during which they were tested to fracture or to 30 million cycles (“runout”), simulating 15 years of moderate activity. A tobit censored linear regression model for cyclic fatigue life was created.

Results:
The multivariate model explained 60% of the variance in the cyclic fatigue life (R2 = 0.604, p < 0.001). Increases in Raman biomarkers for disordered collagen (coefficient: −2.74×107, p < 0.001) and for loosely collagen-bound water compartments (coefficient: −2.11×108, p < 0.001) were associated with a decreased cyclic fatigue life. Increases in Raman biomarkers for mineral maturation (coefficient: 3.50×108, p < 0.001), matrix mineralization (coefficient: 2.32×106, p < 0.001), tightly collagen-bound water (coefficient: 1.19×108, p < 0.001), and mineral-bound water (coefficient: 3.27×107, p < 0.001) were associated with an increased cyclic fatigue life. Collagen disorder accounted for 44% of the variance in the cyclic fatigue life, mineral maturation accounted for 6%, and all bound water compartments accounted for 3%.

Conclusions:
Increasing baseline collagen disorder was associated with a decreased cyclic fatigue life and had the strongest correlation with the cyclic fatigue life of human cortical donor bone. This model should be prospectively validated.

Clinical Relevance:
Raman analysis is a promising tool for the non-destructive evaluation of structural bone allograft quality for load-bearing applications.
Training and Transfer Effect of FluoroSim, an Augmented Reality Fluoroscopic Simulator for Dynamic Hip Screw Guidewire Insertion
Authors: Sugand Kapil , Wescott Robert A. , Carrington Richard , Hart Alister , van Duren Bernard H. 
Published: September 2019

Background:
FluoroSim, a novel fluoroscopic simulator, can be used to practice dynamic hip screw (DHS) guidewire insertion in a high-fidelity clinical scenario. Our aim was to demonstrate a training effect in undergraduate medical students who are not familiar with this operation and its simulation.

Methods:
Forty-five undergraduate medical students were recruited and randomized to either training (n = 23) or control (n = 22) cohorts. The training cohort had more exposure to FluoroSim (5 attempts each week) over a 2-week period (with a 1-week washout period in between) compared with the control cohort (a single attempt 1 week apart) over a 2-week period. Five real-time objective performance metrics were recorded: (1) tip-apex distance (TAD) (mm), (2) predicted cut-out rate (%), (3) total procedural time (sec), (4) total number of radiographs (n), and (5) total number of guidewire retries (n).

Results:
At baseline, there was no significant difference in the performance metrics, which confirmed the absence of a selection bias. The intragroup training effect demonstrated a significant improvement in all metrics for the training cohort only. A significant difference between groups was demonstrated as the training cohort significantly outperformed the control cohort in 3 metrics (procedural time [25%], number of radiographs [57%], and number of guidewire retries [100%]; p < 0.001). A learning curve showed an inversely proportional correlation between frequency of attempts and procedural time as well as the number of digital fluoroscopic radiographs that were made, indicating the development of psychomotor skills. There was also an improved baseline of the learning curve after the 1-week washout period, suggesting skill retention.

Conclusions:
Skill acquisition with the FluoroSim system was demonstrated with repeat exposure in a safe, radiation-free high-fidelity clinical simulation with actual operating room equipment. The task of DHS guidewire insertion requires cognitive and psychomotor skills that take a variable number of attempts to acquire, as demonstrated on the learning curve. Additional work is required to demonstrate that the skill tested by the FluoroSim is the same skill that is required for intraoperative DHS guidewire insertion. However, use of the FluoroSim provides improvement in skills with extra-clinical training opportunities for orthopaedic trainees.

Clinical Relevance:
FluoroSim has demonstrated validity and training effect. It has the potential to be approved for possible use on patients in the operating room to help surgeons with the operation. Consequently, operating time, accuracy of TAD, and surgical outcomes may all be improved.
Outcomes of Total Ankle Replacement, Arthroscopic Ankle Arthrodesis, and Open Ankle Arthrodesis for Isolated Non-Deformed End-Stage Ankle Arthritis
Authors: Veljkovic Andrea N. , Daniels Timothy R. , Glazebrook Mark A. , Dryden Peter J. , Penner Murray J. , Wing Kevin J. , Younger Alastair S.E. 
Published: September 2019

Background:
End-stage ankle arthritis is a disabling condition that has a similar effect on morbidity, pain, and loss of function to hip arthritis. We compared clinical outcomes of total ankle replacement (TAR) involving the HINTEGRA prosthesis (Integra LifeSciences), arthroscopic ankle arthrodesis (AAA), and open ankle arthrodesis (OAA) in patients with isolated, non-deformed end-stage ankle arthritis.

Methods:
Patients ≥18 years old who underwent TAR, AAA, or OAA from 2002 to 2012 with a minimum follow-up of 2 years were retrospectively identified from the Canadian Orthopaedic Foot and Ankle Society (COFAS) Prospective Ankle Reconstruction Database. All patients had symptomatic COFAS Type-1 end-stage ankle arthritis without intra-articular or extra-articular deformity or surrounding joint arthritis. Clinical outcomes included the Ankle Osteoarthritis Scale (AOS) and Short Form-36 (SF-36). Revision was defined as removal of 1 or both metal ankle prosthesis components for TAR and as reoperation for malposition, malunion, or nonunion for AAA and OAA.

Results:
Analysis included 238 ankles (88 TAR, 50 AAA, and 100 OAA) in 229 patients with a mean follow-up of 43.3 ± 18.5 months. The TAR group had more female patients (55%; p = 0.0318) and a higher mean age (p = 0.0005). Preoperative AOS pain, disability, and total scores were similar for all groups. SF-36 physical and mental component summary scores were similar across groups, both preoperatively and postoperatively. Improvement in AOS total score was significantly larger for TAR (34.4 ± 22.6) and AAA (38.3 ± 23.6) compared with OAA (25.8 ± 25.5; p = 0.005). Improvement in AOS disability score was also significantly larger for TAR (36.7 ± 24.3) and AAA (40.5 ± 26.4) compared with OAA (26.0 ± 26.2; p = 0.0013). However, the greater improvements did not meet the minimal clinically important difference. The TAR group underwent more reoperations than AAA and OAA groups (p < 0.0001). Revision rates were similar for all 3 groups (p = 0.262).

Conclusions:
AAA and OAA resulted in comparable clinical outcomes to TAR in patients with non-deformed, COFAS Type-1 end-stage ankle arthritis. The rate of component revision in patients who underwent TAR was similar to the rate of revision for patients who underwent AAA or OAA; however, TAR patients underwent a greater number of additional procedures. Overall, AAA and TAR involving the HINTEGRA prosthesis were not significantly different surgical options in terms of short-term outcomes; patients should be counseled regarding higher reoperation rates for TAR.

Level of Evidence:
Therapeutic Level III. See Instructions for Authors for a complete description of levels of evidence.