bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Antihypertensives prescribed for pregnant women in Japan: Prevalence and timing determined from a database of health insurance claims
Authors: Ishikawa Tomofumi , Obara Taku , Nishigori Hidekazu , Miyakoda Keiko , Ishikuro Mami , Metoki Hirohito , Ohkubo Takayoshi , Sugawara Junichi , Yaegashi Nobuo , Akazawa Manabu , Kuriyama Shinichi , Mano Nariyasu 
Published: September 2018

AbstractPurposeThe purpose of the study is to evaluate the status of prescribed antihypertensives primarily during pregnancy, but also before pregnancy and after delivery, using a large claims database in Japan.MethodsThe dates of pregnancy onset and delivery were identified using reported algorithms and the birth months of infants. The prevalence and timing of prescribed antihypertensives during pregnancy were descriptively evaluated. Time trends in prescriptions were evaluated using multivariate logistic regression analyses. We also evaluated the prevalence of antihypertensives prescribed within 180 days before pregnancy and 180 days after delivery among women who were covered by health insurers during the entire period.ResultsAt least one antihypertensive agent was prescribed for 1144 (2.74%) of 41 693 pregnant women. The most frequently prescribed oral antihypertensive during pregnancy was nifedipine, followed by methyldopa, hydralazine, and furosemide. Drugs targeting the renin‐angiotensin system were prescribed for 21 pregnant women (0.05%), including angiotensin II receptor blockers that were prescribed for 19 (0.05%) of them. Nicardipine was the most frequently prescribed injectable antihypertensive during pregnancy, followed by furosemide, hydralazine, and nitroglycerin. Annual prescription trends remained similar except for a significant decrease in those for oral and injectable furosemide and an annual increase in those for organic nitrate. Based on an evaluation of 33 941 pregnant women, the number of prescriptions for antihypertensives increased particularly during the third trimester, then decreased from 91 to 180 days after delivery.ConclusionsVarious types of antihypertensives are prescribed for Japanese pregnant women. The effects of exposing pregnant Japanese women to these agents should be evaluated.
Feasibility of lung ultrasound to assess pulmonary overflow in congenital heart disease children
Authors: Wu Lei , Hou Qiaoru , Lu Yingying , Bai Jie , Sun Liping , Huang Yue , Zhang Mazhong , Zheng Jijian 
Published: September 2018

AbstractBackgroundPulmonary overflow (PO) is one of the most common complications in congenital heart disease (CHD) children with an incidence of 48‐60% approximately. This study explored the feasibility of using lung ultrasound (LUS) to assess pulmonary overcirculation in CHD children and compare the diagnostic performance of LUS and chest radiography (CXR) for the detection of pulmonary overcirculation.MethodThe upper anterior area, lower anterior area, upper lateral area, and lower posterior area, in each hemithorax were scanned in 59 children in the supine position. A‐lines, B‐lines in each scanned region were recorded, and the worst LUS abnormality in the video clip was considered to characterize the examined region. Sensitivity, specificity, positive and negative predictive values, and diagnostic accuracy of LUS and CXR were compared using computed tomography (CT) as a standard criterion.ResultsPO was diagnosed in 53% (31/59), 63% (37/59), and 51% (30/59) children with CT, CXR, and LUS, respectively. The sensitivity, specificity, and diagnostic accuracy of PO were 96%, 94%, and 95% for LUS and 74%, 50%, and 63% for CXR. The percentage of mild, moderate, and severe PO diagnosed via LUS were 31% (18/59), 19% (11/59), and 2% (1/59), respectively. Furthermore, the PO incidence diagnosed by LUS in CHD children less than 1 year old were significantly higher than those beyond 1 year old.ConclusionLUS is a noninvasive and useful tool for the detection and assessment of PO in CHD children at the operating room, and is better than CXR in sensitivity and specificity, comparable to CT.
Extracellular Matrix Imaging of Breast Tissue Pathologies by MALDI–Imaging Mass Spectrometry
Authors: Angel Peggi M. , Schwamborn Kristina , Comte‐Walters Susana , Clift Cassandra L. , Ball Lauren E. , Mehta Anand S. , Drake Richard R. 
Published: September 2018

PurposeA new method accessing proteins from extracellular matrix by imaging mass spectrometry (ECM IMS) has been recently reported. ECM IMS is evaluated for use in exploring breast tissue pathologies.Experimental DesignA tissue microarray (TMA) is analyzed that has 176 cores of biopsies and lumpectomies spanning breast pathologies of inflammation, hyperplasia, fibroadenoma, invasive ductal carcinoma, and invasive lobular carcinoma and normal adjacent to tumor (NAT). NAT is compared to subtypes by area under the receiver operating curve (ROC) >0.7. A lumpectomy is also characterized for collagen organization by microscopy and stromal protein distribution by IMS. LC‐based high‐resolution accurate mass (HRAM) proteomics is used to identify proteins from the lumpectomy.ResultsTMA analysis shows distinct spectral signatures reflecting a heterogeneous tissue microenvironment. Ninety‐four peaks show an ROC > 0.7 compared to NAT; NAT has overall higher intensities. Lumpectomy analysis by IMS visualizes a complex central tumor region with distal tumor regions. A total of 39 stromal proteins are identified by HRAM LC‐based proteomics. Accurate mass matches between image data and LC‐based proteomics demonstrate a heterogeneous collagen type environment in the central tumor.ConclusionsData portray the heterogeneous stromal microenvironment of breast pathologies, including alteration of multiple collagen‐type patterns. ECM IMS is a promising new tool for investigating the stromal microenvironment of breast tissue including cancer.
The budding‐yeast RWD protein Csm1 scaffolds diverse protein complexes through a conserved structural mechanism
Authors: Singh Namit , Corbett Kevin D. 
Published: September 2018

AbstractRWD domains mediate protein–protein interactions in a variety of pathways in eukaryotes. In budding yeast, the RWD domain protein Csm1 is particularly versatile, assembling key complexes in the nucleolus and at meiotic kinetochores through multiple protein interaction surfaces. Here, we reveal a third functional context for Csm1 by identifying a new Csm1‐interacting protein, Dse3. We show that Dse3 interacts with Csm1 in a structurally equivalent manner to its known binding partners Mam1 and Ulp2, despite these three proteins’ lack of overall sequence homology. We theorize that the unique “clamp” structure of Csm1 and the loose sequence requirements for Csm1 binding have led to its incorporation into at least three different structural/signaling pathways in budding yeast.
Local and non‐local topological information in the denatured state ensemble of a β‐barrel protein
Authors: Thakur Abhay K. , Meng Wenli , Gierasch Lila M. 
Published: September 2018

AbstractThe folding of predominantly β‐sheet proteins is complicated by the presence of a large number of non‐local interactions in their native states, which increase the ruggedness of their folding energy landscapes. However, forming non‐local contacts early in folding or even in the unfolded state can smooth the energy landscape and facilitate productive folding. We report that several sequence regions of a β‐barrel protein, cellular retinoic acid‐binding protein 1 (CRABP1), populate native‐like secondary structure to a significant extent in the denatured state in 8 M urea. In addition, we provide evidence for both local and non‐local interactions in the denatured state of CRABP1. NMR chemical shift perturbations (CSPs) under denaturing conditions upon substitution of single residues by mutation support the presence of several non‐local interactions in topologically key sites, arguing that the denatured state is conformationally restricted and contains topological information for the native fold. Among the most striking non‐local interactions are those between the N‐ and C‐terminal regions, which are involved in closure of the native β‐barrel. In addition, CSPs support the presence of two features in the denatured state: a major hydrophobic cluster involving residues from various parts of the sequence and a native‐like interaction similar to one identified in previous studies as forming early in folding (Budyak et al., Structure 21, 476 [2013]). Taken together, our data support a model in which transient structures involving nonlocal interactions prime early folding interactions in CRABP1, determine its barrel topology, and may protect this predominantly β‐sheet protein against aggregation.
Fiber‐Based Mini Tissue with Morphology‐Controllable GelMA Microfibers
Authors: Shao Lei , Gao Qing , Zhao Haiming , Xie Chaoqi , Fu Jianzhong , Liu Zhenjie , Xiang Meixiang , He Yong 
Published: September 2018

AbstractThe use of microscale fibers could facilitate nutrient diffusion in fiber‐based tissue engineering and improve cell survival. However, in order to build a functional mini tissue such as muscle fibers, nerve conduits, and blood vessels, hydrogel microfibers should not only mimic the structural features of native tissues but also offer a cell‐favorable environment and sufficient strength for tissue functionalization. Therefore, an important goal is to fabricate morphology‐controllable microfibers with appropriate hydrogel materials to mimic the structural and functional complexity of native tissues. Here, gelatin methacrylate (GelMA) is used as the fiber material due to its excellent biological performance, and a novel coaxial bioprinting method is developed to fabricate morphology‐controllable GelMA microfibers encapsulated in calcium alginate. By adjusting the flow rates, GelMA microfibers with straight, wavy, and helical morphologies could be obtained. By varying the coaxial nozzle design, more complex GelMA microfibers such as Janus, multilayered, and double helix structures could be fabricated. Using these microfibers, mini tissues containing human umbilical cord vein endothelial cells are built, in which cells gradually migrate and connect to form lumen resembling blood vessels. The merits of cytocompatibility, structural diversity, and mechanical tunability of the versatile microfibers may open more avenues for further biomedical research.
Design Rules for Template‐Confined DNA‐Mediated Nanoparticle Assembly
Authors: Zhou Wenjie , Lin Qing‐Yuan , Mason Jarad A. , Dravid Vinayak P. , Mirkin Chad A. 
Published: September 2018

AbstractTemplate‐based strategies are becoming increasingly important for controlling the position of nanoparticle‐based (NP‐based) structures on surfaces for a wide variety of encoding and device fabrication strategies. Thus, there is an increasing need to understand the behavior of NPs in confined spaces. Herein, a systematic investigation of the diffusion and adsorption properties of DNA‐modified NPs is presented in lithographically defined, high‐aspect‐ratio pores using a template‐confined, DNA‐mediated assembly. Leveraging the sequence‐specific binding affinity of DNA, it is discovered that although NP adsorption in deep polymer pores follows a traditional Langmuir adsorption model when under thermodynamic control, such NPs kinetically follow Fick's classical law of diffusion. Importantly, these observations allow one to establish design rules for template‐confined, DNA‐mediated NP assembly on substrates based on pore dimensions, NP size and shape, NP concentration, temperature, and time. As a proof‐of‐concept example, these design rules are used to engineer a vertical, four‐layer assembly consisting of individual octahedral NPs stacked on top of one another, with in‐plane positioning defined by pores generated by e‐beam lithography.
Assessing agricultural damage by wild boar using drones
Authors: Rutten Anneleen , Casaer Jim , Vogels Marjolein F. A. , Addink Elisabeth A. , Vanden Borre Jeroen , Leirs Herwig 
Published: September 2018

ABSTRACTIn Flanders (northern Belgium), wild boar (Sus scrofa) returned in 2006 after 50 years of absence and the population is increasing, both in abundance and geographic extent. In the absence of wild boar, Flanders’ landscape structure changed into a dense, mosaic‐like pattern of agricultural, natural, and urban areas. The return of the wild boar increasingly leads to human–wildlife conflicts, mainly linked to damage in agriculture. Hence, there is a growing need for a time‐efficient, standardized, and accurate method to assess crop damage. We present an Unmanned Aerial Vehicle‐based method, using Geographic Object‐Based Image Analysis and Random Forests to estimate the damaged area and associated yield losses, between 2015 and 2017, due to wild boar in individual fields in Flanders. Our approach resulted in an 84.50% overall accuracy in calculating damaged area for maize fields and 94.40% for grasslands. Damage levels ranged between 14.3% and 20.2% in maize fields and 16.5% to 25.4% in grasslands. Our method can provide objective base data for compensation schemes and guide management strategies based on damage assessments. © 2018 The Wildlife Society.
Variation in Classification and Postoperative Management of Complex Appendicitis: A European Survey
Authors: de Wijkerslooth Elisabeth M. L. , van den Boom Anne Loes , Wijnhoven Bas P. L. 
Published: September 2018

AbstractBackgroundData on common practice in the management of patients with complex appendicitis are scarce, especially for the adult population. Variation in the definition of complex appendicitis, indications for and the type of prolonged antibiotic prophylaxis have not been well studied yet. The aim of this study was to document current practice of the classification and postoperative management of complex appendicitis on an international level.MethodsAn online survey was dispersed among practicing surgeons and surgical residents. Survey questions pertained to the definition of a complex appendicitis, indications for antibiotic prophylaxis after appendectomy, the duration, route of administration and antibiotic agents used.ResultsA total of 137 survey responses were eligible for analysis. Most respondents were from Northern or Western Europe and were specialized in gastrointestinal surgery. Opinion varied substantially regarding the management of appendicitis, in particular for phlegmonous appendicitis with localized pus, gangrenous appendicitis and iatrogenic rupture of appendicitis. The most common duration of postoperative antibiotics was evenly spread over <3, 3, 5 and 7 days. Whereas most respondents indicated a combined intravenous and oral route of administration was common practice, 28% answered a completely intravenous route of administration was standard practice.ConclusionCurrent practice patterns in the classification and postoperative management of complex appendicitis are highly variable.
Robotic Double Purse‐String Telescoped Pancreaticogastrostomy: How I Do It
Authors: Wakabayashi Taiga , Felli Emanuele , Pessaux Patrick 
Published: September 2018

AbstractIntroductionSome articles have recently shown that robotic pancreaticoduodenectomy (PD) is feasible and can be a safe method. On the other hand, pancreatic fistulas (PF) remain the most dreaded complication after PD, and a secured pancreaticoenteric reconstruction may be essential in this regard. Previous articles have highlighted the usefulness of telescoped pancreaticogastrostomy (PG) in open PD to reduce the risk of postoperative PF. Additionally, in 2016, Addeo et al. described a double purse‐string telescoped PG (DPS‐PG), simplified from previous techniques, with favorable short‐term results.Materials and methodsThe attached video reports our standardized technique for robotic DPS‐PG, which is based on Addeo’s approach. The main characteristic of this technique is an easy placement of two seromuscular purse‐string sutures without the need for gastric wall dissection or deep pancreatic parenchymal sutures. We modified and developed Addeo’s technique to suit the robotic PD. In our robotic DPS‐PG, there is no need to perform the opening of the distal gastric stump, the anterior gastrostomy, or the suture fixation of the pancreatic parenchyma to the stomach, as it could lead to a rupture of the pancreas, particularly when the parenchyma is soft.ResultsWe consider that our technique of robotic DPS‐PG might be feasible and can be safely performed, just as a previously described technique in open surgery.ConclusionsFurther evaluation with clinical trials is required to validate its real benefits.
Trends in the Motherhood Wage Penalty and Fatherhood Wage Premium for Low, Middle, and High Earners
Authors: Glauber Rebecca 
Published: September 2018

Abstract
Many studies have shown that women pay a wage penalty for motherhood, whereas men earn a wage premium for fatherhood. A few recent studies have used quantile regression to explore differences in the penalties across the wage distribution. The current study builds on this research and explores trends in the parenthood penalties and premiums from 1980 to 2014 for those at the bottom, middle, and top of the wage distribution. Analyses of data from the Current Population Survey show that the motherhood wage penalty decreased, whereas the fatherhood wage premium increased. Unconditional quantile regression models reveal that low-, middle-, and high-earning women paid similar motherhood wage penalties in the 1980s. The motherhood wage penalty began to decrease in the 1990s, but more so for high-earning women than for low-earning women. By the early 2010s, the motherhood wage penalty for high-earning women was eliminated, whereas low-earning women continued to pay a penalty. The fatherhood wage premium began to increase in the late 1990s, although again, more so for high-earning men than for low-earning men. By the early 2010s, high-earning men received a much larger fatherhood wage premium than low- or middle-earning men.
Laparoscopic colorectal cancer resection with natural orifice specimen extraction: a prospective study
Authors: Metwally Islam H. , Kotb Sherif Z. , Hegazy Mohamed A.F. , Elnahas Waleed , Noguera José F. 
Published: September 2018

Abstract
Introduction Laparoscopic colorectal resection is more and more being employed in the daily oncology practice. Natural orifice techniques to obviate the need for a specimen extraction incision are evolving.
Materials and methods We studied transanal and transvaginal specimen extraction after laparoscopic colorectal resections prospectively in 16 patients.
Results The technique was successfully implemented in 75% of the cases. The site of the tumour and the patient age were the significant predictors of the technique success.
Conclusion The technique is reproducible and can be more widely adopted.
Distribution Patterns of Vasculature Around Cervical Nerve Roots
Authors: Park Donghwi , Ryu Ju Seok 
Published: September 2018

AbstractBackgroundTo the authors' knowledge, there has not been an ultrasound study of the vulnerable vessels in a C3‐7 cervical nerve root block (CNRB).ObjectivesTo evaluate the prevalence of vulnerable vessels around the target of a CNRB at the cervical nerve root of C3‐7 levels in a clinical setting.DesignRetrospective, cross‐sectional study.SettingGeneral teaching hospital, rehabilitation unit.ParticipantsA total of 104 patients complaining of neck or arm pain with no prior surgical history and who had undergone a CNRB at an outpatient clinic from May 2015 to December 2017 were included.Main outcome measurementsThe prevalence of vulnerable vessels as seen on a preprocedure ultrasound scan around the target of a CNRB at the cervical nerve root of C3‐7 levels.ResultsOut of 104 cases, the C3 level had 7 blood vessels (8.33%), the C4 level had 14 blood vessels (13.86%), the C5 level had 17 blood vessels (16.35%), the C6 level had 27 blood vessels (25.96%), and the C7 level had 31 blood vessels (29.81%) either at the targeted cervical nerve root or at the site of the imaginary needle's projected pathway to the targeted cervical nerve root.ConclusionThere was a substantial prevalence of vulnerable vessels either at the targeted nerve root or at the site of the needle's projected pathway to the nerve root.
The Effects of Hydrotherapy on Balance, Functional Mobility, Motor Status, and Quality of Life in Patients with Parkinson Disease: A Systematic Review and Meta‐analysis
Authors: Pinto Camila , Salazar Ana Paula , Marchese Ritchele R , Stein Cinara , Pagnussat Aline S 
Published: September 2018

BackgroundIndividuals with Parkinson disease (PD) present balance and functional mobility disabilities that negatively affect the quality of life (QOL).ObjectiveTo systematically review the effects of hydrotherapy on balance, functional mobility, QOL, and motor status in patients with PD.DesignSystematic review and meta‐analysis.ParticipantsA total of 484 participants were included. The mean age of participants ranged from 54 to 78 years. The average duration of PD ranged from 3 to 10 years.MethodsMEDLINE (PubMed), Embase, Cochrane CENTRAL, SCOPUS, Scielo, Physiotherapy Evidence Database (PEDro), and Google Scholar were searched from inception to December 2017. Randomized controlled trials (RCT), non‐RCT, and pre‐post studies were included.Main Outcome MeasurementsBerg Balance Scale; Timed Up and Go test; Parkinson's disease quality of life and Short Form‐36 Health Survey; Unified Parkinson Disease Rating Scale‐Part III.ResultsA total of 19 studies were identified, including eight RCTs, three non‐RCTs, and eight pre‐post studies. Our meta‐analysis showed a moderate quality of evidence for positive effects of hydrotherapy combined or not with land‐based therapy on balance (133 patients; MD = 2.00 [95% CI, 0.56 to 3.43; I2 0%, P = .01]) and functional mobility (133 patients; MD = −1.08 [95% CI, −1.99 to −0.18; I2 8%, P = .02]). However, hydrotherapy combined or not with land‐based therapy did not improve QOL (76 patients; MD = −6.35 [95% CI, −13.04 to 0.33; I2 7%, P = .06]) and motor status (140 patients; MD = −1.11 [95% CI, −3.27 to 1.04; I2 0%, P = .31). The risk of bias across the included RCTs was low.ConclusionsHydrotherapy, combined or not with other therapies, may improve balance and functional mobility of patients with PD when compared to land‐based therapy alone or usual care.Level of EvidenceLevel I.
Hand hygiene opportunities on Canadian acute-care inpatient units: A multicenter observational study
Authors: Nayyar Dhruv , Moore Christine , McCreight Liz , Garvida Chiana , Xu Emily , Kiss Alex , Ricciuto Daniel R. , McGeer Allison , Leis Jerome A. 
Published: September 2018

AbstractIn this multicenter observational study, medical and surgical inpatient rooms were randomized to receive 1 hour of continuous direct observation to determine hand hygiene opportunities (HHOs). After multivariable adjustment, HHOs were similar across inpatient units and hospitals. This estimate could serve to calibrate electronic hand hygiene monitoring systems for Canadian medical and surgical units.