bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
USE OF SORPTION PROCESSES IN THE TECHNOLOGY OF DRUG DELIVERY SYSTEMS
Authors: Bondarev A. V. , Zhilyakova E. T. 
Published: March 2019

The aimof this research is the review of scientific and technical literature regarding possibility of using sorption processes in the technology of drug delivery systems.Materials and methods. The materials are the following electronic resources: eLIBRARY, CyberLeninka, PubMed. The methods of review are analysis and synthesis. The study covers the scientific literature from 1996 up to the present time.Results.Sorbents are used as carriers for various medicinal peroral substances, they are also dispensers of various compounds in the form of polymeric eye films and stents in the human body. The delivery of medicinal substances occurs with the help of sorption processes of mass transfer. Currently, the following medical substances are used as carriers for medicinal substances: activated carbon, mineral sorbents (medical clays, synthetic sorbents), polymers and their biosimilars. 6 groups of pharmaceutical substances are registered for the production of enterosorbents in Russia and they can be used as sorbent carriers in the sorption drug system. They are: activated carbon, colloidal silicon dioxide, polyvinylpyrrolidone, dioctahedral smectite, polymethylsiloxane polyhydrate. As a result of the study, the model of the sorption drug system has been developed. It consists of sorbent carrier, active pharmaceutical ingredient and excipients that provide the desorption. Desorption of the active pharmaceutical ingredient may contribute to its modified release. The technology for obtaining sorption medicinal systems requires further study and development of modeling methods, searching for experimental pharmacological models and technological methods, which make it possible to obtain sorption dosage form with modified release.Conclusion.The review of the sorption processes used in the technology of drug delivery systems has been carried out. The model of the sorption drug system has been developed.
Development of Strawberry Farming in Central Java
Authors: Elpharani Dennanda , Rahayu Endang Siti , Sundari Mei Tri , Antriyandarti Ernoiz 
Published: March 2019

<div class="WordSection1"><p>This research aims to know the farming expense, revenue, income, feasibility and competitiveness of strawberries enterprises in Serang Village sub-district of Purbalingga Karangreja. The basic method of this research is descriptive analysis. The location was purposely determined in Serang Village at Karangreja District, Purbalingga appropriate research purposes. Serang Village Purbalingga was chosen as the location because the production of Strawberry in Purbalingga is the highest among the other regions of producing strawberry in Central Java. The sampling method for the farmers used stratified random sampling with 40 farmers as respondents based on farmer’s strata of the land. The data used are primary data and secondary data. The data analysis method used is the analysis of farming, the circulation of B/C ratio, and Domestik Resource Cost (DRC) analysis to determine strawberry competitiveness in purbalingga by comparative and competitive advantage.</p><p>The result showed that the average total cost of farming expense in Serang is Rp18,456,217 per farming per season. The average farmers revenue is Rp39,081,320 per farming per season. The average farmers income is Rp20,625,102 per farming per season. The statistic of farming feasibility is 1.12 which means strawberry farming in Serang is profitable. Strawberry farming in Serang has comparative advtange which Domestik Resource Cost is Rp 6,013.43. Strawberry farm at Desa Serang showed that the comparative and competitive advantage is 0.42 and 0.44 which means that strawberry farming is financially an economically efficient and competitive in internasional market. This indicates that the domestic demand is more profitable if supplied by domestic production rather than import.</p></div>
Food security under unreliable rainfall: the case study of a rural community in Limpopo Province, South Africa
Authors: Rankoana Sejabaledi A. 
Published: March 2019

Abstract
The present study assessed the use of a geothermal hot spring water flow as an adaptation practice to improve subsistence crop production. The aim of this study is to contribute towards natural resource use and management as an adaptation measure to the problem of rainfall scarcity in subsistence production. Focus group discussions with 45 subsistence farmers were conducted in a community garden in which subsistence crops are grown and maintained through a hot spring irrigation system. The study results show that the farmers are aware that rainfall in Sagole community is becoming scarce. The scarcity of rainfall is impacting negatively on subsistence crop production which is characterised by poor productivity. However, the farmers developed an irrigation system downstream of the geothermal hot spring in which the water is furrowed to the garden to irrigate vegetables and fruits throughout the year.
Establishing Tablet Dissolution Curve Through Determination of Underivatized Alendronate Sodium by Capillary Electrophoresis-UV Detector
Authors: Luo Tian , He Shujuan , Deng Yueting , Zhang Ximin , Dong Yuming 
Published: March 2019

Background:Alendronate sodium is a common clinical osteoporosis drug for postmenopausal women; its determination is very important. However, there is no absorption of chromophores or fluorophores in the molecule, therefore, their direct determination is a challenge. Thus, establishing a common and direct method is very inspiring.Methods:According to the direct determination of alendronate sodium through the formation of a complex between alendronate sodium and divalent copper ion by capillary electrophoresis with ultraviolet detection, the dissolution profile of alendronate sodium tablet was established. The dissolution curves obtained from high-performance liquid chromatography method involving derivatization with 9- fluorenyl methylchloroformate and capillary electrophoresis with ultraviolet detector were found to be highly similar. Underivatized alendronate sodium can be determined by the capillary electrophoresis method.Results:Optimum conditions were as follows: background electrolyte including 25 mM CuSO4 at pH 4.59, 5 s injection time, 18 kV applied voltage, and 240 nm detected wavelength. Method validation indicated good linearity (r2>0.9993), precision of migration time with a relative standard deviation <1.5 % for intra-day and <3.6 % for inter-day, precision of peak areas <2.3 % for intra-day and <5.0 % for inter-day, limits of detection (0.01 μg/mL), limit of quantification (0.04 μg/mL) and recovery (90.6 %- 109.0 %).Conclusion:The proposed capillary electrophoresis method has been proved to be simpler, faster and more convenient to test dissolution profile of alendronate sodium tablet than that of high performance liquid chromatography.
Distribution of Class 1 and 2 Integrons Among Salmonella Enterica Serovars Isolated from Iranian Patients
Authors: Ranjbar Reza , Taghipour Fatemeh , Afshar Davoud , Farshad Shohreh 
Published: March 2019

Background:Salmonella entericahas become increasingly resistant to antimicrobial agents, partly as a result of genes carried by integrons.Objective:The aim of the present study was to investigate the prevalence of class 1 and 2 integrons and resistance to antimicrobial agents in clinical isolates ofS. enterica.Methods:This study included allSalmonellaisolates, recovered from patients with salmonellosis, admitted to Medical Children Hospital, Tehran, Iran during 2015-2016. Bacterial isolates were identified using standard biochemical and agglutination tests. Antimicrobial susceptibility testing was performed according to the Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute guidelines. The presence of class 1 and 2 integrons was investigated by Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR) assay, using specific primers.Results:A total of 138Salmonellastrains were isolated and included in this study. Integrons were detected in 45 (32%) isolates. Class 1 and 2 integrons were detected in 24 (17.3%) and 21 (15.2%) isolates, respectively. All integron-positive isolates showed multidrug-resistant phenotypes. Resistance to more than three antimicrobial agents was observed in integron-positive isolates.Conclusions:Our findings showed that integrons were widely distributed amongS. entericaisolates in Tehran. Class 1 integrons are more prevalent than class 2 integrons inSalmonellaisolates, and there is an association with MDR patterns. Therefore, these integrons are more likely to be involved in the distribution of resistant phenotypes inSalmonellastrains.
Efektivitas konseling kelompok realita untuk menurunkan kecemasan pada klien permasyarakatan
Authors: Febrianto Bayu , Ambarini Tri Kurniati 
Published: March 2019

Abstrak. Kecemasan merupakan masalah yang umum yang kerap dirasakan oleh manusia. Klien pemasyarakatan yang merupakan narapidana yang telah kembali ke masyarakat juga mengalami kecemasan, yang berpotensi menimbulkan masalah. Kecemasan pada klien pemasyarakatan akan mengganggu tujuan dari program re-integrasi yang diberikan, sehingga perlu diberikan tindakan yang sesuai untuk menurunkan tingkan kecemasan tersebut. Konseling kelompok realita merupakan metode yang dapat dilakukan untuk menurunkan tingkat kecemasan pada klien pemasyarakatan. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengukur efektivitas dari konseling kelompok realita untuk menurunkan kecemasan pada klien pemasyarakatan di Balai Pemasyarakatan Kelas II Mataram. Desain penelitian adalah quasi experimental – nonequvalent control group pre-test/post-test, menggunakan Taylor Manifest Anxiety Scale (TMAS). Hasil analisis data menunjukkan adanya perbedaan yang signifikan antara kelompok eksperimen dan kelompok kontrol setelah diberikan intervensi. Artinya adalah konseling kelompok realita efektif untuk menurunkan kecemasan pada klien pemasyarakatan di Balai Pemasyarakatan Kelas II Mataram.Kata kunci: kecemasan, konseling kelompok realita Abstract. Anxiety is a common problem that people felt. Correctional clients who have returned to the community also experience anxiety, which could cause problems. Anxiety in correctional clients will interfere with the purpose of the re-integration program provided, so that appropriate intervention need to be given to reduce the anxiety. Reality group counseling is a method that can be done to reduce anxiety levels in correctional clients. This study aims to measure the effectiveness of group counseling reality to reduce anxiety in correctional clients at Balai Pemasyarakatan Kelas II Mataram. The study design was quasi experimental – nonequvalent control group pre-test/post-test, using the Taylor Manifest Anxiety Scale (TMAS). The results of data analysis showed a significant difference between the experimental group and the control group after being given an intervention. This means that group reality counseling is effective for reducing anxiety in correctional clients at Balai Pemasyarakatan Kelas II Mataram.Keywords: anxiety, reality group counseling
Penggunaan Abu Dasar Batubara Sebagai Pengganti Sebagian Agregat Halus pada Campuran Latasir B Terhadap Karakteristik Marshall
Authors: Gusman Roza 
Published: March 2019

Penggunaan Abu Dasar Batubara Sebagai Pengganti Sebagian Agregat Halus pada Campuran Latasir B Terhadap Karakteristik MarshallBasic Use of Coal Ash to Replace Some Fine Aggregate on Characteristics of Mixed Latasir B MarshallRoza Gusman1 & Alik Ansyori21,2Jurusan Teknik Sipil Fakultas Teknik – Universitas Muhammadiyah MalangAlamat korespondensi : Jalan Raya Tlogomas 246 Malang 65144AbstractCoal bottom ash is the residue from the burning of coal in thermal power plants. The use of coal bottom ash as an alternative material mix pavement is one way to take advantage of these residues. This study aimed to determine the effect of the use and the quantity of coal bottom ash as partial replacement of fine aggregate characteristics that meet the requirements for mixed marshall latasir B. Partial replacement of fine aggregate with coal bottom ash is made with a variation of 5%, 10%, 15%, 20%, 25%, 30%, and 35% of the total proportion of fine aggregate. Results of the study note that the use of coal bottom ash generally improves the quality mix latasir B. Latasir mixture B which has the characteristics of the best marshal is on the basis of coal ash content of 17.2%.Keywords: latasir B asphalt mixtures, coal bottom ash, marshall characteristics. AbstrakBottom ash batubara adalah residu dari pembakaran batubara di pembangkit listrik termal . Penggunaan batubara bawah abu sebagai alternatif campuran bahan perkerasan adalah salah satu cara untuk mengambil keuntungan dari residu tersebut . Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh penggunaan dan kuantitas bawah abu batubara sebagai pengganti parsial karakteristik agregat halus yang memenuhi persyaratan untuk campuran marshall latasir B. pengganti parsial agregat halus dengan bottom ash batubara dibuat dengan variasi 5 % , 10 % , 15 % , 20 % , 25 % , 30 % , dan 35 % dari total proporsi agregat halus . Hasil penelitian mencatat bahwa penggunaan bottom ash batubara umumnya meningkatkan kualitas campuran latasir B. Latasir campuran B yang memiliki karakteristik marshal terbaik adalah berdasarkan kadar abu batubara dari 17,2 % .Kata kunci : campuran aspal B latasir , bawah batubara abu , karakteristik marshall .
Pengaruh Penambahan Tulangan Bambu terhadap Kuat Lentur Panel Semen Eceng Gondok
Authors: Sujatmiko Ahmad Fitri , Dewi Sri Murni , Nurlinah Devi 
Published: March 2019

This study is a follow-utilization of water hyacinth as a building material wall panel (Emen wall). From previous studies, physical properties, mechanical, acoustic and endurance burn this material meets the standards of building materials PUBI 1982 and ISO and ASTM C423-90a 03-6861.1-2002. In this study, the variable still is a variation of the test specimen without reinforcement with reinforcement of bamboo and bamboo in the form of a model variation of the beam section size (15x20cm) and sectional plates (5x15cm). While the independent variable is in the form of bending strength and deflection in the test specimen. The results showed the effect of bamboo reinforcement against bending strength cement panel hyacinth. On the test object model of the beam section with bamboo reinforcement ratio r = 0, r= 0.006 and r = 0.01 , powerful bending P = 24kg, P = 59kg and P = 72kg. To model the cross section of the plate with a bamboo reinforcement ratio r = 0, r = 0.017 and r = 0.025 , stronger bending is P = 3,33kg, P = 16,33kg and P = 21,83kg.
Kajian Tingkat Kepuasan Pengguna Jasa terhadap Kinerja Pelayanan Angkutan Penyeberangan Lintas Kariangau – Penajam, Balikpapan
Authors: Darmadi Darmadi , Arifin Muhammad Zainul , Agustin Imma Widyawati 
Published: March 2019

The objectives of this study are for knowing costumer satisfaction level of ferry service performance Kariangau– Penajam trajectory, Balikpapan based on customer perception with existence of change of ship operational system from 8:4 (8 ship operated and 4 standby) become 10:2 (10 ship operated and 2 standby) and also for getting alternative solution to overcome problems which there is still after imposed of new ship operational system. This study uses Importance-Performance Analysis (IPA) and Customer Satisfaction Index (CSI)methods. Result of study pursuant to analysis of IPA quadrant, service attributes becoming major priority to be improve repaired by its performance are attribute hygiene of bath room/toilet in ship , accuracy of arrival time in destination port, accuracy of time voyage duration, condition of air circulation in ship and demonstration of usage of safety appliance in ship. CSI calculation result based on customer perception obtained value 69% that representation that assessment of respondent to ferry service performance of Kariangau – Penajam trajectory enter in satisfied category.
PERAMALAN (FORECASTING) SEDIMENTASI WADUK LAHOR MENGGUNAKAN ANALISA REGRESI DAN DEBIT BANGKITAN MODEL STOKASTIK
Authors: Setyono Ernawan , Sulianto Sulianto , Prasetyo Arif 
Published: March 2019

Waduk Lahor terletak pada desa Karangkates, Kecamatan Sumberpucung, Kabupaten Malang, Provinsi Jawa Timur. Waduk Lahor mulai beroperasi sejak tahun 1977 dengan usia rencana selama 50 tahun sehingga diharapkan dapat beroperasi hingga tahun 2027, masalah utama yang dihadapi dalam pengelolaan waduk adalah bagaimana menjaga agar umur layanan waduk dapat sesuai dengan yang direncanakan dikarenakan adanya sedimen yang mengendap pada dasar waduk dan seiring waktu akan semakin mengurangi tampungan efektif waduk., dan pada tahun 2015 tampungan mati Waduk Lahor menyisakan kapasitas 2.517.357,31 m3. Dari hasil studi didapatkan adanya keterkaitan antara debit sedimen (Qs) dengan debit inflow waduk (Qw) menggunakan model Regresi Berpangkat dengan fungsi Qs = 1,623.Qs0,72, pada pengujian model didapatkan bahwa model stokastik Thomas-Fiering lebih representatif untuk pembangkitan data sintetik daripada model Rantai Markov dikarenakan memiliki simpangan lebih kecik dengan nilai RMSE 4,19 m3/detik dan nilai MAE 2,92 m3/detik. Dari hasil bangkitan data sintetik sepanjang usia rencana dan persamaan regresi berpangkat didapatkan volume sedimen tahun 2015 – 2027 dengan nilai trap efisiensi 88% sejumlah 1.822.200,05 m3, sehingga pada tahun 2027 diprediksi tampungan mati hanya menyisakan kapasitas 695.159,26 m3 dan dapat disimpulkan bahwa Waduk Lahor dapat beroperasi hingga usia rencana
KAJIAN TENTANG KOTA BERKELANJUTAN DI INDONESIA (STUDI KASUS KOTA YOGYAKARTA)
Authors: Ervianto Wulfram Indri 
Published: March 2019

AbstractSustainability issues have become popular, these are caused by a global warming phenomenon that may concern the survival of life on the Earth by marking the increasing Earth’s average temperature caused by the greenhouse effect. The purpose of this study is to find out how the city of Yogyakarta accomodates the principles of eco-friendly approaches. The using of research methodology is based on qualitative approaches by interpreting of secondary data. Several achievements of sustainability which are (a) The increasing of Yogyakarta’s temperature and humidity is relatively high, one of the effect is the lack of green open spaces, ± 17,98%. (b) In the case of air pollution issues indicate the level of carbon dioxide is 559.54 ppm exceeding the threshold applied by World Bank (381 PPM). (c) The inequality of income distribution indicates at the moderate imbalance (0,51). The result of this study are as follows : (a) To implement the concept of sustainable city. (b) To evaluate the environmental impact assessments for infrastructure in Yogyakarta. (c) To Issuie mayoral regulations requiring every infrastructure must have facility for treating hazardous and toxic waste materials independently and reporting periodic and routine audit results. (d) To develop appropriate technology for the processing of wastewater at the village level in order to be used for other purposes. (e) To enable economic activity at the village situation.Keywords: Study, Sustainable City, IndonesiaAbstrakIsu keberlanjutan menjadi populer, pemicunya adalah fenomena pemanasan global yang mengkawatirkan keberlangsungan kehidupan di Bumi. Gejalanya adalah meningkatnya suhu rata-rata di Bumi yang disebabkan oleh efek gas rumah kaca. Tujuan kajian adalah untuk mengetahui capaian kota Yogyakarta telah mengakomodasi prinsip ramah lingkungan. Metodologi penelitian yang digunakan didasarkan pada pendekatan kualitatif melalui interpertasi data sekunder yang tersedia dan dapat diakses oleh umum. Beberapa capaian keberlanjutan di kota Yogyakarta adalah: (a) Suhu dan kelembaban kota Yogyakarta mengalami peningkatan relatif tinggi, disebabkan karena terbatasnya ruang terbuka hijau, yaitu ±17,98%. (b) Pencemaran udara, kadar sebesar ±559,54 PPM melebihi ambang batas yang ditetapkan oleh World Bank, yaitu 381 PPM. (c) Rasio gini pada ketimpangan moderat (0,451). Hasil kajian adalah : (a) Mengimplementasikan konsep kota berkelanjutan secara lengkap dan benar. (b) Mengevaluasi analisis dampak lingkungan untuk hotel, pusat perbelanjaan, dan fasilitas kesehatan di kota Yogyakarta. (c) Menerbitkan peraturan walikota yang mewajibkan setiap hotel, pusat perbelanjaan, dan fasilitas kesehatan memiliki fasilitas pengolahan limbah bahan berbahaya dan beracun secara mandiri dan melaporkan hasil audit secara berkala dan rutin. (d) Mengembangkan teknologi tepat guna untuk pengolahan limbah cair di tingkat kampung. (e) Menghidupkan aktivitas ekonomi di tingkat kampung.Kata kunci: Kajian, Kota Berkelanjutan, Indonesia.
ANALISIS KAPASITAS PARKIR DI SEKITAR STASIUN BOGOR
Authors: Syaiful Syaiful , Rulhendri Rulhendri , Syaifudin Achmad 
Published: March 2019

Tingkat kepuasan konsumen terhadap kualitas pelayanan jasa parkir ditinjau dari lima aspek yaitu Kemampuan Ujian (tangible), kemampuan nyataan (reliability), kecepatan tanggapan (responsiveness), jaminan (assurance), dan kepedulian (empathy). Adapun metode survei di lapangan (field research) yaitu pengamatan langsung di sekitar Stasiun Bogor melalui penyebaran surveyor pada titik-titik pengamatan (cordon count). Hasil survei dianalisis menggunakan program Microsoft Excel. Pengambilan data dengan cara mencatat jumlah kendaraan bermotor yang masuk dan keluar pada waktu tertentu. Didapatkan kapasitas parkir untuk digunakan dalam perhitungan kapasitas parkir survei (eksisting) sebesar 409 SRP untuk parkir motor di tempat A dan 247 SRP untuk parkir motor di tempat B. Hasil penelitian menunjukan bahwa volume maksimum parkir mencapai 414 motor untuk parkiran A dan 360 motor untuk parkiran B. Akumulasi tertinggi mencapai 384 motor untuk parkiran motor A dan 305 motor untuk parkiran B. Penggunaan ruang parkir ditinjau dari Parking Turn Over mencapai rata-rata 0,964 untuk parkiran A dan 1,416 untuk parkiran B. Jika kebutuhan ruang parkir lebih besar dari kapasitas tesedia maka jumlah ruang parkir tersebut tidak mencukupi. Demikian sebaliknya, apabila kebutuhan ruang parkir lebih kecil dari kapasitas tersedia berarti artinya jumlah ruang parkir masih mampu menampung kendaraan yang akan parkir.
STUDI KEANDALAN DEBIT BENDUNG BLOBO DI MOLEK TERHADAP PERUBAHAN AREA LAHAN PERTANIAN
Authors: Saleh Chairil , Orfa Lourina Evanale , Nurcahyo Mas Ragil 
Published: March 2019

Irigasi Molek adalah saluran irigasi yang mengairi sawah kec Kepanjen sampai dengan Sumberpucung. Sebelum Rencana Tata Ruang Wilayah (RTRW) Kabupaten Malang dari 2010 – 2030 ditetapkan, luas lahan pertanian pada kedua kecamatan tersebut sebesar 3.971 Ha. Pada saat ini sebagian lahan pertanian direncanakan menjadi lahan permukiman sehingga tersisa daerah irigasi 2.187 Ha. Hal ini berdampak pada keandalan debit Bendung Blobo dalam mengairi area lahan pertanian, serta berpengaruh pada pola tata tanam yang sudah ada. Tujuan studi untuk mengetahui keandalan debit bendung blobo dalam mengairi area lahan pertanian dengan menghitung kebutuhan air yang tersedia menggunakan Metode FJ. Mock dan menghitung kebutuhan air. Dari studi ini didapatkan total kebutuhan air selama satu tahun untuk tanaman padi pada kondisi existing sebesar 6063.10 ltr/det dan pada kondisi akibat RTRW sebesar 3325.47 ltr/det. Dengan ketersediaan air diasumsikan tetap, maka total kebutuhan air pada kondisi extrim yaitu Musim Kering II sebesar 5.842 ltr/det yang mengakibatkan kekurangan air dan akibat RTRW mengalami kelebihan Air. Dari analisa tersebut menghasilkan pola tata tanam yang memaksimalkan kelebihan air akibat Rencana Umum Tata Ruang kab. Malang kec. Kepanjen.