bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Cardiovascular Response to Defecating Postures with and without Valsalva Maneuver in Healthy Individuals
Authors: Bhagat Priyanka , Jiandani Mariya , Mehta Amita 
Published: March 2019

Abstract
Aims: To assess the cardiovascular response to defecating postures of bridging and sitting lean forward with and without Valsalva maneuver in healthy individuals.
Study design: Prospective interventional cross-over study in healthy population.
Study material: Stop watch, Rubber tube, Nostril clip, Pillow, Mercury Sphygmomanometer, Cardioscope (Model no.: Iris 50, Maestros company).
Materials and methods: A total of 100 healthy individuals participated in the study. They maintained sitting lean forward and in bridging position for 5 minutes with and without Valsalva maneuver. Valsalva maneuver was performed at 40 mm Hg pressure for 15 seconds. Blood pressure and heart rate were recorded. Mean arterial pressure and rate pressure product were derived.
Data analysis: The data was analyzed using Statistical Package for the Social Sciences v 16. Shapiro–Wilk test was used to test normality, and nonparametric Mann-Whitney test was used with p < 0.05 as statistically significant.
Results: Sitting in lean forward position showed statistical significant increase in heart rate (p < 0.05) compared to bridging position with Valsalva maneuver. There was a significant rise in blood pressure with bridging as compared to sitting lean forward with Valsalva. There was no statistically significant difference in heart rate and blood pressure between sitting lean forward position and bridging position without Valsalva maneuver.
Conclusion: Sitting lean forward position and bridging position increase hemodynamic load compared to relaxed sitting posture. With Valsalva maneuver sitting lean forward posture causes greater rise in heart rate compared to bridging position.
Sirenomelia: A Case Report of a Rare Congenital Anomaly and Review of Literature
Authors: Khan Mohammad , Todase Pallavi 
Published: March 2019

AbstractSirenomelia, or the Mermaid Syndrome, is a very rare congenital anomaly. It is associated with varying degrees of fusion of lower limb bones, giving them the appearance of a “mermaid.” It is almost always associated with other birth defects, such as, renal abnormalities, genital anomalies, and cardiac anomalies. We report a case of sirenomelia associated with bilateral multicystic dysplastic kidneys along with bilateral hydronephrosis, severe oligohydramnios, single umbilical artery, absent anal opening, and absent genitals. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first case to be reported from our region.
Antiepileptic Drug Use Patterns in Suspect Epileptic Dogs Among Neurology and Emergency Specialists
Authors: Meland Tessa , Carrera-Justiz Sheila , Buckley Gareth J. 
Published: March 2019

ABSTRACT
This study used a cross-sectional survey designed to inquire about antiepileptic drug (AED) use in newly diagnosed idiopathic epileptic dogs among board-certified emergency and neurology specialists. Results were obtained from 300 completed surveys by 128 board-certified neurologists and 172 board-certified emergency and critical care (ECC) specialists. Case volume was slightly different between groups, with 36% of neurologists and 18% of ECC specialists managing &gt;50 cases of first-time canine seizure patients yearly. The initial AED of choice was similar between the groups, with 66% of neurologists and 64% of ECC specialists using phenobarbital and 16% of neurologists and 26% of ECC specialists using levetiracetam. Although most respondents gave a loading dose of phenobarbital, roughly one-fourth of neurologists did not load the drug versus 6% of ECC specialists. The total loading dose was similar between respondents (16 mg/kg) but varied in administration protocol. Approximately half of neurologists and nearly two-thirds of ECC specialists gave a higher initial dose of levetiracetam than recommended. Almost all the respondents who gave a higher initial dose of levetiracetam used 60 mg/kg IV once. Understanding the common practices in AED use may promote future discussions regarding best practices in the management of canine idiopathic epilepsy.
Influence of Weather on Sugarcane Mealybugs and Their Natural Enemies
Authors: Miah Md. Nur Alam , Miah Md. Ramiz Uddin , Alam Md. Zinnatul , Hossain Md. Mofazzal 
Published: March 2019

An experiment was conducted in two insect-prone areas viz., Bangladesh Sugarcrop Research Institute (BSRI), Pabna and Regional Sugarcrop Research Station (RSRS), Thakurgaon to study the influence of weather on sugarcane mealybugs and their natural enemies during the 2013-14 cropping season. A positive linear relationship was observed between mealybugs infestation with and relative humidity 51% (R2=0.514) but a negative correlation was found with temperature and rainfall. The infestation was higher at Thakurgaon than at Pabna during almost entire cropping season but a little higher at Pabna in November. At Pabna, the lowest infestation (6.30%) was recorded in May and the highest (34.71%) in November. At Thakurgaon, the lowest infestation (7.48%) was found in May and the highest (29.30%) in September. Results revealed that per cent loss in weight of sugarcane was 4.76 to 36.50 at 10% and 100% infestation level in Pabna. On the other hand, 6.57 to 33.55% loss of cane weight was caused at 10% and 100% infestation level in Thakurgaon. The results proved that, as expected, weight loss generally increases with a stronger level of infestation. Different natural enemies viz., parasitic wasps, ladybird beetles, hover flies, brown lacewings, spider, Cryptochaetum sp. were found to be abundant in the study plot during the month of June to August.
Examining the Effects of Cameroon Cooperative Credit Union League (CamCCUL) on Satisfaction of Members in Affiliated Credit Unions
Authors: Buwah Neba Noela , Akpan Emmanuel I. , Joyvice Chofor 
Published: March 2019

Aim: This study set out to examine the effects of Cameroon Cooperative Credit Union League (CamCCUL) on the satisfaction of members in affiliated Credit Unions. In a world where heightened competition keeps elevating the pivotal role of customer as economic bottom line-drivers, exploring the role corporate parenting plays on both intermediary and ultimate customers is a timely development in research on customer satisfaction.
Study Design: An exploratory and cross-sectional design was adopted, including 138 Credit Unions. This stratified random sample was optimally established using the Taro Yamane formula.
Place and Duration: This study was conducted between April 2016 and November 2018, with secondary data collected for a forty years period, 1973 to 2015 (with mitigation for missing data).
Methodology: Secondary data for this study was obtained from CamCCUL archives. Augmented Dickey Fuller and Philip Perron tests revealed that the data was stationary for all the variables used. The Jacque-Bera test showed normality and Durbin Watson showed no autocorrelation. Tables were used to present the data obtained while the multiple regression was technique of analyses.
Conclusion: The findings revealed that CamCCUL affects 84.34 percent of closed accounts in its affiliated Credit Unions induced by membership dissatisfaction.The researcher therefore recommends that the Ministry of Finance should facilitate the creation of additional leagues which will help to increase the intensity of competition among leagues. Additionally, the Credit Unions should be granted the opportunity to choose to be affiliated or remain autonomous even with supplementary conditions to ensure financial security for their members.
Molecular signature of penumbra in acute ischemic stroke: a pilot transcriptomics study
Authors: Nadareishvili Zurab , Kelley Devon , Luby Marie , Simpkins Alexis N. , Leigh Richard , Lynch John K. , Hsia Amie W. , Benson Richard T. , Johnson Kory R. , Hallenbeck John M. , Latour Lawrence L. 
Published: March 2019

AbstractWe aimed to characterize peripheral blood gene expression profile of penumbra defined as MRI perfusion–diffusion mismatch (PD MM) in peripheral blood of patients with acute ischemic stroke. We studied 23 patients. Perfusion–diffusion mismatch volume was observed to be associated and significantly correlated with the expression of 34 genes including those related to inflammation, SUMOylation, and coagulation; while lipopolysaccharide inhibition was identified to be a candidate upstream regulator of these processes (z‐score −2.38, P = 0.04). Penumbral volume is correlated with a specific gene expression profile in the peripheral blood characterized by overlap of inflammatory and neuroprotective pathways that are regulated by lipopolysaccharide inhibition.
Synthesis of 3‐(Trifluoromethyl)indoles by Oxidative Cyclization of o‐Sulfonamido‐α‐(trifluoromethyl)styrenes
Authors: Fujita Takeshi , Ide Keisuke , Jankins Tanner C. , Nojima Tomoya , Ichikawa Junji 
Published: March 2019

Abstract3‐(Trifluoromethyl)indoles were successfully synthesized by cyclization through intramolecular oxidative C−H/N−H coupling of α‐(trifluoromethyl)styrenes bearing a sulfonamido group at the ortho‐position. On treatment with cerium (IV) ammonium nitrate (CAN) in tert‐butyl alcohol, o‐sulfonamido‐α‐(trifluoromethyl)styrenes underwent oxidative cyclization assisted by microwave irradiation to afford the corresponding 3‐trifluoromethylated indoles. By using this method, 3‐(trifluoromethyl)indoles bearing various substituents were obtained in high yields. We assumed that the reaction proceeded through (i) radical 5‐endo‐trig cyclization of intermediary aminyl radical cations, generated by one‐electron oxidation of the sulfonamide nitrogen, and (ii) subsequent another one‐electron oxidation, followed by deprotonation.
“Are They Mental Health or Behavioral?”: Toward object relations translation for corrections officers
Authors: Gangemi Stephanie A. 
Published: March 2019

AbstractCorrectional institutions, particularly correctional security staff (corrections officers, deputies, and other custodial staff) are increasingly relied upon for the management of some of the most severely disturbed and impaired members of society. Lack of mental health training for correctional staff poses problems that include safety risk, lack of empathy, inmate abuse, staff burnout, and trauma, as well as missed opportunities for rehabilitative efforts. This paper proposes that salient concepts from psychoanalysis, particularly object relations theory, can and should be integrated into training for correctional security staff. Using the acronym “PSYCHIATRIC,” relevant object relations concepts are translated into practical correctional language. Increasing accessibility to object relations theory offers opportunity for interdisciplinary collaboration and effective use of correctional staff members' time and expertise, while supporting the mental health of inmates and staff members. The case vignettes of Jack and Kayleen explore staff/inmate dynamics through an object relational lens. Further exploration, implementation, and evaluation of object relations informed training tools are suggested to evaluate impact and efficacy.
Prenatal exposure to tobacco and marijuana and child autonomic regulation and reactivity: An analysis of indirect pathways via maternal psychopathology and parenting
Authors: Schuetze Pamela , Zhao Junru , Eiden Rina D. , Shisler Shannon , Huestis Marilyn A. 
Published: March 2019

AbstractWe examined a conceptual model for the associations of prenatal exposure to tobacco (PTE) and marijuana with child reactivity/regulation at 16 months of age. We hypothesized that PTE would be associated with autonomic reactivity and regulation that these associations would be indirect via maternal anger/hostility, depression/stress, or harsh parenting assessed at 2 months and that these effects would be most pronounced among children exposed to both tobacco and marijuana (PTME). Participants were 247 dyads (81 PTE, 97 PTME, and 69 nonexposed) who were followed up at 2 (N = 247) and 16 months (N = 238) of child age. Results from model testing indicated an indirect association between PTME and autonomic functioning during the second year of life, which was mediated by harsh parenting during caregiver–infant interactions. This study fills an important gap in the literature on PTE, PTME, and autonomic regulation during the toddler years, highlighting the role of maternal parenting as important intervening variables.
Specific antigen‐based and emerging detection technologies of mycotoxins
Authors: Rahman Hamid Ur , Yue Xiaofeng , Yu Qiuyu , Xie Huali , Zhang Wen , Zhang Qi , Li Peiwu 
Published: March 2019

AbstractMycotoxins are secondary fungal metabolites produced by certain types of filamentous fungi or molds, such as Aspergillus, Fusarium, Penicillium, and Alternaria spp. Mycotoxins are natural contaminants of agricultural commodities, and their prevalence may increase due to global warming. According to the Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations, approximately 25% of the world's food crops are annually contaminated with mycotoxins. Mycotoxin‐contaminated food and feed pose a high risk to both human and animal health. For instance, they possess carcinogenic, immunosuppressive, hepatotoxic, nephrotoxic, and neurotoxic effects. Hence, various approaches have been used to assess and control mycotoxin contamination. Significant challenges still exist because of the complex heterogeneous nature of food and feed composition. The potential of antigen‐based approaches, such as enzyme‐linked immunosorbent assay, flow injection immunoassay, chemiluminescence immunoassay, lateral flow immunoassay, and flow‐through immunoassay, would contribute to our understanding about mycotoxins' rapid identification, their isolation, and the basic principles of the detection technologies. Additionally, we address other emerging technologies of potential application in the detection of mycotoxins. The data included in this review focus on basic principles and results of the detection technologies and would be useful as benchmark information for future research. © 2019 Society of Chemical Industry
Expression of Zea mays transglutaminase in Pichia pastoris under different promoters and its impact on properties of acidified milk protein concentrate gel
Authors: Li Hongbo , Zhang Tianqi , Li Jin , Li Hongjuan , Xu Youqiang , Yu Jinghua 
Published: March 2019

ABSTRACTBACKGROUNDTransglutaminase (TGase) catalyzes post‐translational modification of proteins by γ‐glutamyl‐ϵ‐lysine chain links, covalent conjugation of polyamines, and deamidation. Zea mays TGase (TGZ) is a plant TGase with potential application prospects in the food industry. In this study, two promoter types, PFLD1 and PTEF1, were compared to improve the expression of TGZ, and the cross‐linking effect of recombinant TGZ on the properties of acid‐induced milk protein concentrate (MPC) gel was assessed.RESULTSA higher expression of TGZ was obtained under the induction of PFLD1 with a production of 635 U L−1. After purification using chromatography, TGZ activity was 0.4 U mg−1. The results indicated that TGZ treatment has effectively improved the textural properties of MPC gel at strength level and water‐holding capacity. Optimal texture of MPC gel was achieved after TGZ treatment using 2 U g−1 TGZ for 2 h at 35 °C and pH 7.CONCLUSIONComparative analysis of the promoters has greatly contributed to the production of TGZ in the industrial field. Furthermore, the modification of MPC gel texture by TGZ indicated that this recombinant enzyme has a practical value in dairy product, especially in yoghurt industry. © 2019 Society of Chemical Industry
Oral and dental health of Italian drug addicted in methadone treatment
Authors: Lo Giudice Giuseppe , Cicciù Marco , Polimeni Antonella , Lizio Angelo , Lo Giudice Roberto , Lauritano Floriana , Ierardo Gaetano , Alibrandi Angela , Pizzo Giuseppe 
Published: March 2019

AbstractObjectivesOur group recorded the characteristic of oro‐dental health among a group of drug addicts in recovery treatment with methadone, and it evaluated the changes related to the withdrawal therapy.MethodologyA sample of 50 drug addicts in treatment with methadone was included in this study. At the beginning of the withdrawal therapy, the authors recorded the parameters involved in the most common oral diseases. Moreover, it was evaluated how, during the rehabilitation protocol, the behavioral parameters and the xerostomia that influence the oral health changed. A medical history especially referring to drug addiction features was made. An intraoral objective exam was done for each patient, at the beginning of the therapy and after 3 and 6 months.Results82% of the subjects showed a DMFT > 0. No patient showed any presences of previous restorative therapies. Lowenthal's caries, mostly localized in the cervical upper maxillary incisor, were found in 12% of the subjects. The Löe and Silness index showed marginal gingivitis in 95% of subjects, whereas 44% showed improper occlusion and/or parafunctional habits. 52% of the subjects had a normal diet, but a qualitative evaluation showed a high percentage (48%) of immoderate refined sugars use. Xerostomia, that was present in 72% of patients during the drug dependence period, showed a marked reduction in the withdrawal period.ConclusionThe group analyzed made a combined use with other drugs. They showed a high rate of caries and marginal periodontitis. The statistical analysis of the data proves how the methadone rehabilitation program is effective even on the oral health. It will show its effects over two different time related phases: after a first phase of decreased attention to oral health (0‐3 months), all index will increase in the long term (3‐6 months). The rehabilitation program contributes to an improved oral health of drug addicts.
Service‐level agreement–aware scheduling and load balancing of tasks in cloud
Authors: Remesh Babu Kaippilly Raman , Samuel Philip 
Published: March 2019

SummaryCloud computing is an innovative computing paradigm designed to provide a flexible and low‐cost way to deliver information technology services on demand over the Internet. Proper scheduling and load balancing of the resources are required for the efficient operations in the distributed cloud environment. Since cloud computing is growing rapidly and customers are demanding better performance and more services, scheduling and load balancing of the cloud resources have become very interesting and important area of research. As more and more consumers assign their tasks to cloud, service‐level agreements (SLAs) between consumers and providers are emerging as an important aspect. The proposed prediction model is based on the past usage pattern and aims to provide optimal resource management without the violations of the agreed service‐level conditions in cloud data centers. It considers SLA in both the initial scheduling stage and in the load balancing stage, and it looks into different objectives to achieve the minimum makespan, the minimum degree of imbalance, and the minimum number of SLA violations. The experimental results show the effectiveness of the proposed system compared with other state‐of‐the‐art algorithms.
Systematic evaluation of selected supercritical fluid chromatography diol‐ and diethylamine‐based columns for application in hydrophilic interaction liquid chromatography
Authors: Kozlov Oleksandr , Kadlecová Zuzana , Gilar Martin , Gondová Taťána , Kalíková Květa , Tesařová Eva 
Published: March 2019

AbstractHydrophilic interaction liquid chromatography has become a useful method for separation of polar and hydrophilic analytes, i.e. compounds that are difficult to separate in reversed‐phase chromatography. The retention mechanism in hydrophilic interaction liquid chromatography is rather complex. Different types of interactions contribute to retention, depending on the properties of stationary phase, mobile phase and nature of analytes. Many columns for hydrophilic interaction liquid chromatography are available and the new stationary phases are still under development. In our study systematic examination to describe two novel columns, intended for supercritical fluid chromatography, as potential stationary phases for hydrophilic interaction liquid chromatography was performed. The supercritical fluid chromatography columns contained polar diethylamine ligand and diol ligand bonded to ethylene bridged hybrid particles. The retentivity and selectivity of the stationary phases were evaluated using a variety of test compounds. The impacts of acetonitrile content, buffer pH and concentration on the retention were investigated. Distinct mixed‐mode behavior of the diethylamine column was observed; significant contribution of anion‐exchange interaction to retention was confirmed. The DIOL phase has neutral character and retained analytes predominantly by hydrophilic interaction liquid chromatography mechanism.
Microfluidic study of effects of flow velocity and nutrient concentration on biofilm accumulation and adhesive strength in the flowing and no-flowing microchannels
Authors: Liu Na , Skauge Tormod , Landa-Marbán David , Hovland Beate , Thorbjørnsen Bente , Radu Florin Adrian , Vik Bartek Florczyk , Baumann Thomas , Bødtker Gunhild 
Published: March 2019

Abstract
Biofilm accumulation in porous media can cause pore plugging and change many of the physical properties of porous media. Engineering bioplugging may have significant applications for many industrial processes, while improved knowledge on biofilm accumulation in porous media at porescale in general has broad relevance for a range of industries as well as environmental and water research. The experimental results by means of microscopic imaging over a T-shape microchannel clearly show that increase in fluid velocity could facilitate biofilm growth, but that above a velocity threshold, biofilm detachment and inhibition of biofilm formation due to high shear stress were observed. High nutrient concentration prompts the biofilm growth; however, the generated biofilm displays a weak adhesive strength. This paper provides an overview of biofilm development in a hydrodynamic environment for better prediction and modelling of bioplugging processes associated with porous systems in petroleum industry, hydrogeology and water purification.
The 1.4-GHz cosmic star formation history at z &lt; 1.3
Authors: Upjohn James E. , Brown Michael J. I. , Hopkins Andrew M. , Bonne Nicolas J. 
Published: March 2019

AbstractWe measure the cosmic star formation history out to z = 1.3 using a sample of 918 radio-selected star-forming galaxies within the 2-deg2 COSMOS field. To increase our sample size, we combine 1.4-GHz flux densities from the VLA-COSMOS catalogue with flux densities measured from the VLA-COSMOS radio continuum image at the positions of I &lt; 26.5 galaxies, enabling us to detect 1.4-GHz sources as faint as 40 μJy. We find that radio measurements of the cosmic star formation history are highly dependent on sample completeness and models used to extrapolate the faint end of the radio luminosity function. For our preferred model of the luminosity function, we find the star formation rate density increases from 0.017 M⊙ yr−1 Mpc−3 at z ∼ 0.225 to 0.092 M⊙ yr−1 Mpc−3 at z ∼ 1.1, which agrees to within 40% of recent UV, IR and 3-GHz measurements of the cosmic star formation history.