bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Piezo‐Phototronic Effect on Performance Enhancement of Anisotype and Isotype Heterojunction Photodiodes
Authors: Pan Zijian , Peng Wenbo , Li Fangpei , He Yongning 
Published: May 2018

AbstractThe piezo‐phototronic effect is confirmed as a promising methodology to optimize the performance of optoelectronic devices. However, not only positive effects, but also negative effects may be produced in some types of photodiodes (PDs) by the piezo‐phototronic effect, resulting in the restriction of the PDs' photoresponse performance enhancement. In order to obtain the largest possible photoresponse performance enhancement, it is essential to investigate how the piezo‐phototronic effect influences the photoresponse performance of PDs with different device configurations and structures. Here, the piezo‐phototronic effect on the photoresponse performance enhancement of anisotype (p‐Si/n‐ZnO) and isotype (n‐Si/n‐ZnO) heterojunction PDs is thoroughly investigated. The experimental results show that the piezo‐phototronic effect induced improvement of the p‐Si/n‐ZnO heterojunction PD is much larger than that of the n‐Si/n‐ZnO heterojunction PD. The energy band diagrams under compressive strains are carefully analyzed, revealing that two positive effects are introduced to the p‐Si/n‐ZnO heterojunction PD, whereas one positive and two negative effects are introduced to the n‐Si/n‐ZnO heterojunction PD by the piezo‐phototronic effect. This work presents an in‐depth understanding about the piezo‐phototronic effect on the photoresponse performances of PDs with different device configurations and structures.
Development of Inhalable Superparamagnetic Iron Oxide Nanoparticles (SPIONs) in Microparticulate System for Antituberculosis Drug Delivery
Authors: Miranda Margarida S. , Rodrigues Márcia T. , Domingues Rui M. A. , Costa Rui R. , Paz Elvira , Rodríguez‐Abreu Carlos , Freitas Paulo , Almeida Bernardo G. , Carvalho Maria Alice , Gonçalves Carine , Ferreira Catarina M. , Torrado Egídio , Reis Rui L. , Pedrosa Jorge , Gomes Manuela E. 
Published: May 2018

AbstractTuberculosis (TB) is an infectious disease which affects millions of people worldwide. Inhalable polymeric dry powders are promising alternatives as anti‐TB drug carriers to the alveoli milieu and infected macrophages, with potential to significantly improve the therapeutics efficiency. Here, the development of a magnetically responsive microparticulate system for pulmonary delivery of an anti‐TB drug candidate (P3) is reported. Microparticles (MPs) are developed based on a cast method using calcium carbonate sacrificial templates and incorporate superparamagnetic iron oxide nanoparticles to concentrate MPs in alveoli and enable drug on demand release upon actuation of an external alternate magnetic field (AMF). The MPs are shown to be suitable for P3 delivery to the lower airways and for alveolar macrophage phagocytosis. The developed MPs reveal unique and promising features to be used as an inhalable dry powder allowing the AMF control over dosage and frequency of drug delivery anticipating improved TB treatments.
Chemically Modified Polyaniline for the Detection of Volatile Biomarkers of Minimal Sensitivity to Humidity and Bending
Authors: Deng Yunfeng , Sun Jiaxing , Jin Han , Khatib Muhammad , Li Xianhui , Wei Zongsu , Wang Feng , Horev Yehu David , Wu Weiwei , Haick Hossam 
Published: May 2018

AbstractFlexible sensors can be widely used in future wearable devices to monitor people's health states. However, most of the sensors are sensitive to humidity and bending effects, limiting their application in a real‐world environment. A new strategy is proposed for obtaining flexible sensors with good tolerance to humidity. By integrating a hydrophobic layer on the surface of doped polyaniline, a flexible sensor that can resist water response with a concentration up to 350 ppm is developed. Good resilience against mechanical bending is also achieved in this flexible sensor. These results may trigger a renaissance in flexible sensor applications for disease diagnosing by wearable devices.
Controllable Design of MoS2 Nanosheets Anchored on Nitrogen‐Doped Graphene: Toward Fast Sodium Storage by Tunable Pseudocapacitance
Authors: Xu Xin , Zhao Ruisheng , Ai Wei , Chen Bo , Du Hongfang , Wu Lishu , Zhang Hua , Huang Wei , Yu Ting 
Published: May 2018

AbstractTransition‐metal disulfide with its layered structure is regarded as a kind of promising host material for sodium insertion, and intensely investigated for sodium‐ion batteries. In this work, a simple solvothermal method to synthesize a series of MoS2 nanosheets@nitrogen‐doped graphene composites is developed. This newly designed recipe of raw materials and solvents leads the success of tuning size, number of layers, and interplanar spacing of the as‐prepared MoS2 nanosheets. Under cut‐off voltage and based on an intercalation mechanism, the ultrasmall MoS2 nanosheets@nitrogen‐doped graphene composite exhibits more preferable cycling and rate performance compared to few‐/dozens‐layered MoS2 nanosheets@nitrogen‐doped graphene, as well as many other reported insertion‐type anode materials. Last, detailed kinetics analysis and density functional theory calculation are also employed to explain the Na+‐ storage behavior, thus proving the significance in surface‐controlled pseudocapacitance contribution at the high rate. Furthermore, this work offers some meaningful preparation and investigation experiences for designing electrode materials for commercial sodium‐ion batteries with favorable performance.
Manganese‐Catalyzed C−H Amidation of Heteroarenes in Water
Authors: Kong Xianqiang , Lin Long , Xu Bo 
Published: May 2018

AbstractWe have developed an efficient manganese‐catalyzed amidation of various heteroarenes via C−H bond activation using readily available sulfonyl azides. The key step is heteroarene directed electrophilic aromatic metalation using MnBr(CO)5 as catalyst. This method offers excellent chemical yields and regioselectivity with good functional group tolerance. This base metal catalyzed reaction proceeds efficiently using water as the only solvent and nitrogen is the only byproduct.magnified image
Consequences of secondary nectar robbing for male components of plant reproduction
Authors: Richman Sarah K. , Irwin Rebecca E. , Bosak John T. , Bronstein Judith L. 
Published: May 2018

Premise of the StudyOrganisms engage in multiple species interactions simultaneously. While pollination studies generally focus on plants and pollinators exclusively, secondary robbing, a behavior that requires other species (primary robbers) to first create access holes in corollas, is common. It has been shown that secondary robbing can reduce plants' female fitness; however, we lack knowledge about its impact on male plant fitness.MethodsWe experimentally simulated primary and secondary robbing in the monocarpic perennial Ipomopsis aggregata (Polemoniaceae), quantifying indirect effects on pollinator‐mediated pollen (dye) donation. We also assessed whether continual nectar removal via the floral opening has similar effects on hummingbird‐pollinator behavior as continual secondary robbing through robber holes.Key ResultsWe found no significant indirect effects of secondary robbing on a component of Ipomopsis male fitness. Although robbing did reduce pollen (dye) donation due to avoidance of robbed plants by pollinating hummingbirds, pollen donation did not differ between the two robbing treatments. The effects of secondary robbing on hummingbird behavior resembled effects of chronic nectar removal by pollinators. Our results indicate that hummingbird pollinators may use a combination of cues, including cues given by the presence or absence of nectar, to make foraging decisions.ConclusionsCombined with prior research, this study suggests that secondary robbing is less costly to a component of male fitness than to female fitness in Ipomopsis, broadening our knowledge of the overall costs of mutualism exploitation to total plant fitness.
Palladium‐Catalyzed C−H Benzylation of (Benzo)oxazoles with Benzylic Quaternary Ammonium Triflates
Authors: Pan Wen‐Jing , Wang Zhong‐Xia 
Published: May 2018

AbstractThe C−H benzylation of oxazoles and benzoxazoles with benzylic ammonium triflates was performed in reasonable to good yields via Pd‐catalyzed C−H/C−N cleavage. The method exhibits a wide scope of azoles and benzylic ammonium triflates. A range of functional groups including F, CF3, COOEt, C(O)NMe2, OMe, OPh, pyridyl and thienyl groups can be tolerated.
A Reversible Fluorescent Probe for Real‐Time Live‐Cell Imaging and Quantification of Endogenous Hydropolysulfides
Authors: Umezawa Keitaro , Kamiya Mako , Urano Yasuteru 
Published: May 2018

AbstractThe chemical biology of reactive sulfur species, including hydropolysulfides, has been a subject undergoing intense study in recent years, but further understanding of their “intact” function in living cells has been limited owing to a lack of appropriate analytical tools. In order to overcome this limitation, we developed a new type of fluorescent probe that reversibly and selectively reacts to hydropolysulfides. The probe enables live‐cell visualization and quantification of endogenous hydropolysulfides without interference from intrinsic thiol species such as glutathione. Additionally, real‐time reversible monitoring of oxidative‐stress‐induced fluctuation of intrinsic hydropolysulfides has been achieved with a temporal resolution on the order of seconds, a result which has not yet been realized using conventional methods. These results reveal the probe's versatility as a new fluorescence imaging tool to understand the function of intracellular hydropolysulfides.
Ganzzellbiotransformation von Benzol zu Phenol durch intrazelluläres Zytochrom P450BM3 aktiviert mithilfe externer Zusätze
Authors: Karasawa Masayuki , Stanfield Joshua Kyle , Yanagisawa Sota , Shoji Osami , Watanabe Yoshihito 
Published: May 2018

AbstractEin Escherichia‐coli‐Ganzzellbiokatalysator für die direkte Hydroxylierung von Benzol zu Phenol wurde entwickelt. Durch Zugabe von Aminosäurederivaten als Täuschmoleküle zum Kulturmedium konnte in E. coli exprimiertes Wildtyp‐Zytochrom P450 (P450BM3) aktiviert werden und nichtnative Substrate, ohne den Bedarf eines NADPH‐Zusatzes, hydroxylieren. In Gegenwart von N‐Heptyl‐l‐prolyl‐l‐phenylalanin (C7‐Pro‐Phe) als Täuschmolekül erreichte die Phenolausbeute 59 %. Es wurde gezeigt, dass Täuschmoleküle, vorzugsweise nichtfluorierte, das Zytosol von E. coli erreichen, wodurch intrazellulärem P450BM3 katalytische Aktivität für die In‐vivo‐Oxyfunktionalisierung nichtnativer Substrate verliehen wird.
Anaphylactic reaction to gonadotropin‐releasing hormone analogues: a pediatric case report
Authors: Ricci Franco , de Martino Maurizio , Stagi Stefano 
Published: May 2018

Key Clinical MessageGonadotropin‐releasing hormone (GnRH) analogues represent the gold standard treatment for precocious puberty. Allergic‐type reactions in children due to this type of treatment are very rare. However, caregivers should be aware of the potential GnRH analogue systemic reactions.
ApoE isoform leading to hypertriglyceridemia in new onset type 1 diabetes
Authors: Keefe Christel , Lawson Sarah 
Published: May 2018

Key Clinical MessageWe report a case of pediatric diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA) with significant hypertriglyceridemia. The patient was found to have the e3/ e4 isoform of ApoE, increasing risk of hypertriglyceridemia in DKA. We suggest further genetic investigation for patients presenting with severe hypertriglyceridemia and DKA.
Rational Assembly of CoAl‐Layered Double Hydroxide on Reduced Graphene Oxide with Enhanced Electrochemical Performance for Energy Storage
Authors: Liang Ting , Xuan Haicheng , Xu Yuekui , Gao Jinhong , Han Xiaokun , Yang Jing , Han Peide , Wang Dunhui , Du Youwei 
Published: May 2018

AbstractIn this paper, we designed and synthesized composites of CoAl‐layered double hydroxide on reduced graphene oxide (CoAl‐LDH@rGO/NF) via a facile approach. The Co‐Al layered double hydroxide (CoAl‐LDH) nanosheets were grown onto the skeleton of reduced graphene oxide on Ni foam (rGO/NF). The as‐synthesized CoAl‐LDH@rGO/NF composites exhibited a superior electrochemical behavior, attributed to the coupling effect of homogeneous CoAl‐LDH nanosheets and high conductivity of rGO. In addition, the different morphologies of the CoAl‐LDH@rGO/NF composites can be controlled by adjusting the amount of NH4F. The optimum electrochemical performance of the CoAl‐LDH@rGO/NF hybrid electrode was obtained when the amount of NH4F was 6 mmol. The largest specific capacitance of 1671.4 F g−1 (1 A g−1) and the ultra‐high cycling performance with 97 % retention of the original value were achieved even after 5000 charge‐discharge cycles. A remarkable energy density value of 41.3 Wh kg−1 at a power density of 408.9 W kg−1 was achieved in the asymmetric supercapacitor (ASC) using CoAl‐LDH@rGO‐6/NF and activated carbon (AC) for positive and negative materials. Furthermore, the ASC retained 100 % of its original energy density value even after 5000 cycles. In addition, a design method for preparing high performance electrode materials with ideal morphology is proposed in this paper, which might be helpful to the future study of morphology and electrochemical properties.
Instant Detection of Hydrogen Cyanide Gas and Cyanide Salts in Solid Matrices and Water by using CuII and NiII Complexes of Intramolecularly Hydrogen Bonded Zwitterions
Authors: Nair Ratish R. , Raju M. , Jana Kalyanashis , Mondal Dhrubajyoti , Suresh E. , Ganguly Bishwajit , Chatterjee Pabitra B. 
Published: May 2018

AbstractA series of intramolecularly hydrogen‐bonded zwitterionic compartmental ligands HL1–HL4, containing a pendent diamine arm that is monoprotonated and an aldehyde functionality at two different ortho‐positions of a 4‐halophenoxide, is reported herein. Single‐crystal X‐ray diffraction (SXRD) provides persuasive evidence for the identification of this class of proton‐transferred zwitterions at room temperature. The solid‐state photoluminescent nature of these zwitterions remains intact in aqueous and organic solutions. Grinding of HL1 and HL2 with Cu2+/Ni2+ salts develop turn‐on probes 1–4. Compounds 1 and 4 are dinuclear CuII and NiII species, respectively. Compound 2 is a tetranuclear CuII complex. Interestingly, compound 3 is a mononuclear NiII species in which both nitrogen atoms in the pendant diamine arm are protonated and, therefore, not coordinated to the NiII center. All these probes (1–4) display an instant response to the poison gas hydrogen cyanide (HCN) and cyanide salts present in both solid matrices and aqueous (100 % water) solution. Selective and rapid sensing of HCN gas and cyanide salts in solid/soil/water phases, without any interference, by the mechanosynthesized complexes 1–4 can be perceived easily by the naked eye under a hand‐held UV lamp.
Three‐Component Activation/Alkynylation/Cyclocondensation (AACC) Synthesis of Enhanced Emission Solvatochromic 3‐Ethynylquinoxalines
Authors: Merkt Franziska K. , Höwedes Simon P. , Gers‐Panther Charlotte F. , Gruber Irina , Janiak Christoph , Müller Thomas J. J. 
Published: May 2018

AbstractInvited for the cover of this issue is the group of Thomas J. J. Müller at the Heinrich‐Heine‐Universität Düsseldorf. The image depicts some of the fluorescent compounds synthesized in this study. Read the full text of the article at 10.1002/chem.201800079.
Making Glycine Methyl Ester Chiral
Authors: Gerbig Dennis , Desch Sarina , Schreiner Peter R. 
Published: May 2018

AbstractWe demonstrate that the simple achiral amino acid glycine as its methyl ester inherits the chiral imprint of methyl lactate upon complexation, resulting in induced vibrational optical activity of the methylene C−H bonds. To mimic conditions of ice on comets that are considered long‐term reaction as well as storage entities for (organic) molecules, we employ the matrix isolation technique in conjunction with vibrational circular dichroism spectroscopy and DFT computations. The observed chirality transfer is likely a key element for the realization of concepts rationalizing chirogenesis, that is, the generation of a chiral imbalance.
Optimized Description of Dispersion Layers on a Vertical Separator
Authors: Steinhoff Jan , Gebauer Felix , Fölsch David , Bart Hans‐Jörg 
Published: May 2018

AbstractDurch die Entwicklung einer Auswerteroutine wird die optische Aufnahme von Dispersionsschichten in einem stehenden Abscheider realisiert. So werden die Eigenschaften der Dispersionsschicht bei konti‐ und diskontinuierlichen Absetzversuchen und der Einfluss von Volumenstrom und hydrostatischem Druck untersucht. Es kann ein direkter Zusammenhang zwischen Volumenstrom/hydrostatischem Druck und Dispersionsschichthöhe festgestellt werden. Die Beobachtungen werden durch die zu Grunde liegenden Koaleszenz‐ und Sedimentationsprozesse erläutert. Zum Verhalten der Dispersionsschicht werden vier verschiedene Modelle verglichen.
Muscle radiodensity and mortality in patients with colorectal cancer
Authors: Kroenke Candyce H. , Prado Carla M. , Meyerhardt Jeffrey A. , Weltzien Erin K. , Xiao Jingjie , Cespedes Feliciano Elizabeth M. , Caan Bette J. 
Published: May 2018

BACKGROUNDLow skeletal muscle radiodensity (SMD) is related to higher mortality in several cancers, but the association with colorectal cancer (CRC) prognosis is unclear.METHODSThis observational study included 3262 men and women from the Kaiser Permanente Northern California population diagnosed between 2006 and 2011 with AJCC stages I to III CRC. The authors evaluated hazard ratios (HRs) of low SMD for all‐cause and CRC‐specific mortality, assessed by computed tomography using optimal stratification, compared with patients with normal SMD. They also evaluated the cross‐classification of categories of low versus normal SMD and muscle mass (MM) with outcomes.RESULTSThe median follow‐up was 6.9 years. Optimal stratification cutpoints for SMD were 32.5 in women and 35.5 in men. In multivariate‐adjusted analyses, among patients with CRC, those with low SMD demonstrated higher overall (HR, 1.61; 95% confidence interval [95% CI], 1.36‐1.90) and CRC‐specific (HR, 1.74; 95% CI, 1.38‐2.21) mortality when compared with those with normal SMD levels. Patients with low SMD and low MM (ie, sarcopenia) were found to have the highest overall (HR, 2.02; 95% CI, 1.65‐2.47) and CRC‐specific (HR, 2.54; 95% CI, 1.91‐3.37) mortality rates.CONCLUSIONSIn patients with CRC, those with low SMD were found to have elevated risks of disease‐specific and overall mortality, independent of MM or adiposity. Clinical practice should incorporate body composition measures into the evaluation of the health status of patients with CRC. Cancer 2018;124:3008‐15. © 2018 American Cancer Society.
The role of the Milan System for Reporting Salivary Gland Cytopathology: A 5‐year institutional experience
Authors: Viswanathan Kartik , Sung Simon , Scognamiglio Theresa , Yang Grace C.H. , Siddiqui Momin T. , Rao Rema A. 
Published: May 2018

BACKGROUNDFine‐needle aspiration (FNA) is widely accepted in the preoperative management of salivary gland lesions. The proposed Milan System for Reporting Salivary Gland Cytopathology (MSRSGC) aims to standardize reporting terminology. Studies regarding the risk of malignancy (ROM) for the proposed categories continue to evolve. The current retrospective study applied the MSRSGC to assess ROM for salivary gland lesions and focused on the “indeterminate” categories.METHODSA total of 627 salivary gland FNA specimens obtained from 2011 through 2016 were retrieved, with follow‐up available for 373 cases. The original diagnoses were recategorized using MSRSGC by 2 independent cytopathologists as: 1) non‐diagnostic; 2) non‐neoplastic; 3) atypia of undetermined significance (AUS); 4a) benign neoplasms; 4b) salivary gland neoplasm of uncertain malignant potential (SUMP); 5) suspicious for malignancy (SFM); and 6) malignant. The ROM and overall ROM for each diagnostic category were determined, with characterization of “indeterminate” (AUS, SUMP, and SFM) lesions.RESULTSThere was near‐perfect agreement regarding categorization (626 of 627 cases; 99.8%) between the 2 cytopathologists, with discordance observed for 1 case. The sensitivity, specificity, negative predictive value, and positive predictive value of salivary gland FNA specimens at the study institution were 79%, 98%, 94%, and 92%, respectively. The ROM for non‐diagnostic, non‐neoplastic, benign neoplasms, AUS, SUMP, SFM, and malignant were 6.7%, 7.1%, 38.9%, 5.0%, 34.2%, 92.9%, and 92.3%, respectively. The indeterminate category had an overall ROM of 47.1%.CONCLUSIONSThe MSRSGC is a valuable tool that can help to standardize reporting and stratify cases preoperatively. Having a better understanding of the indeterminate diagnoses will help further refine risk classification criteria. Cancer Cytopathol 2018. © 2018 American Cancer Society.
Reconstitution of Mitotic Chromatids In Vitro
Authors: Shintomi Keishi , Hirano Tatsuya 
Published: May 2018

AbstractThe mitotic chromosome, which is composed of a pair of sister chromatids, is a large macromolecular assembly that ensures faithful transmission of genetic information into daughter cells. Despite its fundamental importance, how a nucleosome fiber is folded and assembled into a large‐scale chromatid structure remains poorly understood. To address this question, we have established a biochemically tractable system in which mitotic chromatids can be reconstituted in vitro by mixing a simple substrate (sperm nucleus) and a limited number of purified factors. The minimum set of required factors includes core histones, three histone chaperones, topoisomerase II, and condensin I. In this article, we describe a set of protocols for the preparation of key reagents and the setup of reconstitution reactions. We believe that this classical approach of biochemical reconstitution will be of great help to dissect the mechanisms of action of individual factors during mitotic chromatid assembly and to assess the contribution of nucleosome dynamics to this process from a fresh angle. © 2018 by John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
Using Flow Cytometry to Isolate Maize Meiocytes for Next Generation Sequencing: A Time and Labor Efficient Method
Authors: Chang Pearl , Tseng Yu‐Fang , Chen Pao‐Yang , Wang Chung‐Ju Rachel 
Published: May 2018

AbstractMeiosis is essential during sexual reproduction to generate haploid gametes. Genomic or epigenomic studies of meiosis in multicellular organisms using next‐generation sequencing (NGS) methods have been limited because of the difficulty of collecting thousands to millions of meiocytes. Here, we describe a simple protocol to efficiently isolate maize male meiocytes from formaldehyde‐fixed samples for NGS techniques that require chemical crosslinking to preserve complex interactions or chromatin architecture. Anthers at desired meiotic stages are selected, fixed with paraformaldehyde, and disrupted using a homogenizer. Cell walls are digested to produce a cell suspension containing small somatic cells and large individual meiocytes. The meiocyte fraction is enriched by size separation with cell strainers and further purified by flow cytometry. From 400 anthers, we can isolate 20,000 meiocytes at 98% purity in 6 to 8 hours. © 2018 by John Wiley & Sons, Inc.