bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
High prevalence of metabolic alterations in Latin American patients at initial stages of psychosis
Authors: Iruretagoyena Barbara , Castañeda Carmen P. , Undurraga Juan , Nachar Rubén , Mena Cristian , Gallardo Carlos , Crossley Nicolas A. , Gonzalez‐Valderrama Alfonso 
Published: January 2019

AimStudies conducted in the United States have highlighted a higher prevalence of metabolic alterations (MA) in Latino population and Latino psychotic patients. Metabolic risk in psychosis is known to be present from initial stages of the disease. To better characterize this population, we explored the prevalence of MA and metabolic syndrome (MS) in early psychosis patients in a Latin American country.MethodsTransversal, observational study comparing the prevalence of MA and MS in patients with early psychosis from an outpatient program in Chile (n = 148) with a community representative sample from the 2009‐2010 National Health Survey (n = 568). ANOVA and regression analysis were performed obtaining odds ratio for MA and MS.ResultsThe prevalence of MS was 44.7% in patients compared to 11.4% in the community sample (odds ratio [OR] 5.28, confidence interval [CI] 95% 3.07‐9.08; P‐value <0.001). There was no effect of gender. Subgroup analyses showed no significant association of MS with clozapine/olanzapine use, treatment duration or tobacco use. There was an association between treatment duration and hypertriglyceridemia (P = 0.024; OR 1.02, CI 95% 1.00‐1.04) and obesity (P = 0.007; OR 5.93, CI 95% 1.82‐20.22). Clozapine/olanzapine use was associated with hyperglycaemia (P = 0.007; OR 6.04, CI 95% 1.63‐22.38) and high low density lipoprotein (P = 0.033 ANOVA; OR 5.28, CI 95% 1.14‐24.37).ConclusionLatino psychotic patients have a high risk of MA and MS at initial stages of the disease which is not entirely explained by the higher risk in the whole Latino population, is irrespective of gender, and does not seem to be entirely a response to atypical antipsychotic use.
Blood markers of cardiac stress after generalized convulsive seizures
Authors: Nass Robert D. , Motloch Lukas J. , Paar Vera , Lichtenauer Michael , Baumann Jan , Zur Berndt , Hoppe Uta C. , Holdenrieder Stefan , Elger Christian E. , Surges Rainer 
Published: January 2019

SummaryObjectiveGeneralized convulsive seizures (GCS) are associated with high demands on the cardiovascular system, thereby facilitating cardiac complications. To investigate occurrence, influencing factors, and extent of cardiac stress or injury, the alterations and time course of the latest generation of cardiac blood markers were investigated after documented GCS.MethodsAdult patients with refractory epilepsy who underwent video–electroencephalography (EEG) monitoring along with simultaneous one‐lead electrocardiography (ECG) recordings were included. Cardiac biomarkers (cardiac troponin I [cTNI]; high‐sensitive troponin T [hsTNT]; N‐terminal prohormone of brain natriuretic peptide [NT‐proBNP]; copeptin; suppression of tumorigenicity‐2 [SST‐2]; growth differentiation factor 15, [GDF‐15]; soluble urokinase plasminogen activator receptor [suPAR]; and heart‐type fatty acid binding protein [HFABP]) and catecholamines were measured at inclusion and at different time points after GCS. Periictal cardiac properties were assessed by analyzing heart rate (HR), HR variability (HRV), and corrected QT intervals(QTc).ResultsThirty‐six GCS (6 generalized‐onset tonic–clonic seizures and 30 focal to bilateral tonic–clonic seizures) were recorded in 30 patients without a history of cardiac or renal disease. Postictal catecholamine levels were elevated more than twofold. A concomitant increase in HR and QTc, as well as a decrease in HRV, was observed. Elevations of cTNI and hsTNT were found in 3 of 30 patients (10%) and 6 of 23 patients (26%), respectively, which were associated with higher dopamine levels. Copeptin was increased considerably after most GCS, whereas SST‐2, HFABP, and GDF‐15 displayed only subtle variations, and suPAR was unaltered in the postictal period. Cardiac symptoms did not occur in any patient.SignificanceThe use of more sensitive biomarkers such as hsTNT suggests that signs of cardiac stress occur in about 25% of the patients with GCS without apparent clinical symptoms. SuPAR may indicate clinically relevant troponin elevations. Copeptin could help to diagnose GCS, but specificity needs to be tested.
Searching for serum protein markers of equine squamous gastric disease using gel electrophoresis and mass spectrometry
Authors: Tesena P. , Yingchutrakul Y. , Roytrakul S. , Taylor J. , Angkanaporn K. , Wongtawan T. 
Published: January 2019

SummaryBackgroundEquine squamous gastric disease (ESGD) is a very common disorder but an accurate and practical screening technique for detecting ESGD is currently lacking.ObjectivesTo identify serum protein markers to detect ESGD using electrophoresis and mass spectrometry.Study designProteomic analysis and bioinformatics.Methods
ESGD was diagnosed using gastroscopy in 30 horses. Gastric ulceration was categorised into three groups: normal, mild/moderate and severe ESGD. Pooled sera from each group were compared using 1D electrophoresis and mass spectrometry. The candidate proteins for ESGD markers were selected based on their specifically high expression in nonglandular stomach, and their association with gastric ulceration using public gene and protein databases.ResultsThe prevalence of ESGD in this study was 43% (with mild/moderate ESGD at 33% and severe ESGD at 10%). The proteomic study revealed that the identified serum protein markers for normal equine stomach were B4GALNT2 and XDH. The marker for mild/moderate EGSD was KRT10, while the marker for severe ESGD was KLK13. Furthermore, markers for both ulcer types were SLC4A7, PPARG, FCGBP, PKP1, ASPRV1 and KRT5‐like proteins.Main limitationsThe functions of the identified proteins are not well characterised in horse. Proteomics is a tool for screening protein markers, but confirmation of putative protein markers with specific antibodies is required.ConclusionsIn total, 10 serum proteins found in this study may be used as putative markers for ESGD. However, confirmation of candidate proteins with specific antibodies in a larger study cohort is necessary before it can be used in the veterinary clinic or on horse farms.
The Summary is available in Portuguese – see Supporting Information
Continuous digital hypothermia prevents lamellar failure in the euglycaemic hyperinsulinaemic clamp model of equine laminitis
Authors: Stokes S. M. , Belknap J. K. , Engiles J. B. , Stefanovski D. , Bertin F. R. , Medina‐Torres C. E. , Horn R. , van Eps A. W. 
Published: January 2019

SummaryBackgroundContinuous digital hypothermia can prevent the development and progression of laminitis associated with sepsis but its effects on laminitis due to hyperinsulinaemia are unknown.ObjectivesTo determine the effects of continuous digital hypothermia on laminitis development in the euglycaemic hyperinsulinaemic clamp model.Study designRandomised, controlled (within subject), blinded, experiment.MethodsEight clinically normal Standardbred horses underwent laminitis induction using the euglycaemic hyperinsulinaemic clamp model (EHC). At initiation of the EHC, one forelimb was continuously cooled (ICE), with the other maintained at ambient temperature (AMB). Dorsal lamellar sections (proximal, middle, distal) were harvested 48 h after initiation of the EHC and were analysed using histological scoring (0–3) and histomorphometry. Cellular proliferation was quantified by counting epidermal cell nuclei staining positive with an immunohistochemical proliferation marker (TPX2).ResultsSevere elongation and disruption of SEL with dermo‐epidermal separation (score of 3) was observed in all AMB feet at one or more section locations, but was not observed in any ICE sections. Overall 92% of the AMB sections received the most severe histological score (grade 3) and 8% were grade 2, whereas ICE sections were classified as either grade 1 (50%) or grade 2 (50%). Relative to AMB feet, ICE sections were 98% less likely to exhibit grades 2 or 3 (OR: 0.02, 95% CI 0.001, 0.365; P<0.01). Histomorphometry measurements of total and nonkeratinised primary epidermal lamellar length were significantly increased (P<0.01) in AMB limbs compared with ICE. TPX2 positive cell counts were significantly increased (P<0.01) in AMB limbs compared with ICE.Main limitationsContinuous digital hypothermia was initiated before recognition of laminitis and therefore the clinical applicability requires further investigation.ConclusionsContinuous digital hypothermia reduced the severity of laminitis in the EHC model and prevented histological lesions compatible with lamellar structural failure.
Utility of ultrasound‐guided liver tumor biopsy for next‐generation sequencing‐based clinical sequencing
Authors: Eso Yuji , Kou Tadayuki , Nagai Hiroki , Kim Young Hak , Kanai Masashi , Matsumoto Shigemi , Mishima Masako , Arasawa Soichi , Iguchi Eriko , Nakamura Fumiyasu , Takeda Haruhiko , Takai Atsushi , Takahashi Ken , Ueda Yoshihide , Muto Manabu , Seno Hiroshi 
Published: January 2019

AimRecent advances in next‐generation sequencing (NGS) technologies allow for evaluation of genetic alterations in various cancer‐related genes in daily clinical practice. Archival formalin‐fixed paraffin‐embedded (FFPE) tumor tissue is often used for NGS‐based clinical sequencing assays; however, the success rate of NGS assays using archival FFPE tumor tissue is reported to be lower than that using fresh tumor tissue. We aimed to evaluate the feasibility and safety of ultrasound (US)‐guided liver tumor biopsy for NGS‐based multiplex gene assays.MethodsWe compared the success rate of NGS assays between archival FFPE tumor tissues and US‐guided liver tumor biopsy tissues, and summarized the treatment progress of the patients.ResultsNext‐generation sequencing assays using US‐guided liver biopsy samples were successful in all patients (22/22), whereas the success rate with archival FFPE tumor tissue was 84.8% (151/178, P < 0.05). At least one potentially actionable genetic alteration was identified from the US‐guided liver biopsy samples in 20 of 22 patients. Among the 18 patients with actionable genetic alterations targetable with drugs approved by the US Food and Drug Administration, eight initiated mutation‐driven targeted therapies. Of these eight patients, four achieved partial response or stable disease for at least 4 months, and three were not assessable for response due to short exposure. There were no biopsy‐related complications requiring additional treatment.ConclusionOur findings suggest that US‐guided liver tumor biopsy is a useful and safe method for obtaining high‐quality samples for NGS‐based clinical sequencing. In cases with metastatic liver tumors, US‐guided biopsy should be considered to provide accurate and optimal sequencing results for patients.
Surgical breast cancer patient pathway: Experiences of patients and relatives and their unmet needs
Authors: Zøylner Ingrid Annette , Lomborg Kirsten , Christiansen Peer Michael , Kirkegaard Pia 
Published: January 2019

AbstractBackground and aimBreast cancer is the most common cancer disease in women worldwide. In Denmark, the law prescribes cancer patient pathways (CPPs) in general and thus also for breast cancer. Although results from patient satisfaction surveys show overall satisfaction with the pathway, a call for improvement has been voiced for some areas. The aim of this study was to explore patients’ and relatives’ experiences with the surgical breast CPP and to identify any unmet needs.MethodThis study was based on focus groups with patients who had surgery for breast cancer, and their relatives. The settings were two Danish surgical breast cancer clinics.FindingsOverall, patients and relatives found the structure of the surgical breast CPP satisfactory. The time in the surgical department was short, and most patients found it difficult to cope with the situation. Empathy and a supportive relationship between patients, relatives and health‐care professionals were of great importance. Five key points were identified in which some of the participants had unmet needs. Suggestions for change were related to information, communication, choice of treatment, flexibility in the pathway and easy access to the clinic after surgery.ConclusionAlthough patients and relatives found the CPP for breast cancer satisfactory and well planned, suggestions for change were made relating to unmet needs with respect to five key points in the pathway. Implementing findings from this study in clinical practice requires co‐operation between health‐care professionals and support from the leaders of the organization.
Advancing the science of unfinished nursing care: Exploring the benefits of cross‐disciplinary knowledge exchange, knowledge integration and transdisciplinarity
Authors: Jones Terry , Willis Eileen , Amorim‐Lopes Mário , Drach‐Zahavy Anat ,   On behalf of the RANCARE Consortium COST – CA 15208
Published: January 2019

AbstractAimsThe aims of this paper are to explore the role of cross‐disciplinary knowledge exchange and integration in advancing the science of unfinished nursing care and to offer preliminary guidance for theory development activities for this growing international community of scholars.BackgroundUnfinished nursing care, also known as missed care or rationed care is a highly prevalent problem with negative consequences for patients, nurses and healthcare organizations around the world. It presents as a ‘wicked’ sustainability problem resulting from structural obstacles to effective resource allocation that have been resistant to conventional solutions. Research activity related to this problem is on the rise internationally but is hindered by inconsistencies in conceptualizations of the problem and lack of robust theory development around the phenomenon. A unified conceptual framework is needed to focus scholarly activities and facilitate advancement of a robust science of unfinished nursing care.DesignDiscussion paper.Data SourcesThis discussion paper is based on our own experiences in international and interdisciplinary research partnerships related to unfinished nursing care. These experiences are placed in the context of both classic and current literature related to the evolution of scientific knowledge.Implications for NursingThe problem of unfinished nursing care crosses multiple scientific disciplines. It is imperative that the community of scholars interested in solving this wicked problem engage in meaningful cross‐disciplinary knowledge integration and move towards transdisciplinarity.ConclusionMetatheorizing guided by structuration theory should be considered as a strategy to promote transdiciplinarity around the problem of unfinished nursing care.
Does late 10K filing impact companies’ financial reporting strategy? Evidence from discretionary accruals and real transaction management
Authors: Mitra Santanu , Al‐Hayale Talal , Hossain Mahmud 
Published: January 2019

AbstractThe study investigates how late 10K filers adapt their financial reporting strategy in the post‐late filing period in their response to bad publicity, negative market sentiment, and higher stakeholders’ scrutiny resulting from reporting delays. Both the level and change regressions show that late 10K filers significantly reduce the use of discretionary accruals from pre‐ to post‐late filing year. However, they simultaneously increase real transaction management over the same time period. The trade‐offs between the two earnings management techniques are more prominent when the late filers have a strong incentive to meet or beat earnings benchmarks. Our primary results are robust when late filings are caused by accounting, auditing, and internal control issues, and when the late filers cited no meaningful reason for late 10K filings. It is further evident that late filers with material internal control weaknesses and late filers that subsequently restate their financial statements make relatively higher trade‐offs than the matched non‐late filers. Finally, the trade‐offs between reduced accruals and increased real transaction management are stronger for the accelerated filers, and for the late filers audited by Big 4 auditors.
TRPA1 mediates the antinociceptive properties of the constituent of Crocus sativus L., safranal
Authors: Li Puma Simone , Landini Lorenzo , Macedo Sergio J. , Seravalli Viola , Marone Ilaria M. , Coppi Elisabetta , Patacchini Riccardo , Geppetti Pierangelo , Materazzi Serena , Nassini Romina , De Logu Francesco 
Published: January 2019

AbstractSafranal, contained in Crocus sativus L., exerts anti‐inflammatory and analgesic effects. However, the underlying mechanisms for such effects are poorly understood. We explored whether safranal targets the transient receptor potential ankyrin 1 (TRPA1) channel, which in nociceptors mediates pain signals. Safranal by binding to specific cysteine/lysine residues, stimulates TRPA1, but not the TRP vanilloid 1 and 4 channels (TRPV1 and TRPV4), evoking calcium responses and currents in human cells and rat and mouse dorsal root ganglion (DRG) neurons. Genetic deletion or pharmacological blockade of TRPA1 attenuated safranal‐evoked release of calcitonin gene‐related peptide (CGRP) from rat and mouse dorsal spinal cord, and acute nociception in mice. Safranal contracted rat urinary bladder isolated strips in a TRPA1‐dependent manner, behaving as a partial agonist. After exposure to safranal the ability of allyl isothiocyanate (TRPA1 agonist), but not that of capsaicin (TRPV1 agonist) or GSK1016790A (TRPV4 agonist), to evoke currents in DRG neurons, contraction of urinary bladder strips and CGRP release from spinal cord slices in rats, and acute nociception in mice underwent desensitization. As previously shown for other herbal extracts, including petasites or parthenolide, safranal might exert analgesic properties by partial agonism and selective desensitization of the TRPA1 channel.
Inhibition of Ctsk alleviates periodontitis and comorbid rheumatoid arthritis via downregulation of the TLR9 signalling pathway
Authors: Pan Weiyi , Yin Wuwei , Yang Li , Xue Lili , Ren Jie , Wei Wei , Lu Qiuyu , Ding Handong , Liu Zhaohui , Nabar Neel R. , Wang Min , Hao Liang 
Published: January 2019

AbstractAimIn this study, we investigate the mechanistic link between rheumatoid arthritis (RA) and periodontitis to identify a novel target (cathepsin K; Ctsk) for the treatment of comorbid periodontitis and RA.MethodsAn experimental model of periodontitis with arthritis was established in DBA/1 mice. We then tested the effect of BML‐244, a specific inhibitor of Ctsk, by quantifying several inflammatory markers of TLR9 signalling both in vivo and in vitro.ResultsOur results showed that periodontitis–rheumatoid arthritis comorbidity causes severer periodontal bone and joint cartilage destruction than either disease alone. Inhibition of Ctsk reduced infiltration by dendritic cells and T cells and inflammatory cytokine production; these improvements alleviated the hard‐tissue erosion in periodontitis and RA as measured by bone erosion in periodontal lesions and cartilage destruction in knee joints. Inhibition of Ctsk also decreased the expression of TLR4 and TLR9 in vivo, whereas in vitro experiments indicated that Ctsk is involved specifically in the production of cytokines in response to TLR9 engagement.ConclusionOur data reveal that periodontitis and RA may have additive pathological effects through dysregulation of the TLR9 pathway and that Ctsk is a critical mediator of this pathway and contributes to the pathogenesis of RA and periodontitis.
New insights in the link between malocclusion and periodontal disease
Authors: Bernhardt Olaf , Krey Karl‐Friedrich , Daboul Amro , Völzke Henry , Kindler Stefan , Kocher Thomas , Schwahn Christian 
Published: January 2019

AbstractAimWe aimed to investigate associations between malocclusions and periodontal disease by comparing it to that of smoking in subjects recruited from the population‐based cross‐sectional study “Study of Health in Pomerania.”Materials and MethodsSagittal intermaxillary relationship, variables of malocclusion and socio‐demographic parameters of 1,202 dentate subjects, 20–39 years of age, were selected. Probing depth (PD) and attachment loss (AL) were assessed at four sites by tooth in a half‐mouth design. Analyses were performed with multilevel models on subject, jaw and tooth level.ResultsDistal occlusion determined in the canine region, ectopic position of canines, anterior spacing, deep anterior overbite and increased sagittal overjet were associated with AL (p‐value <0.05). Associations between malocclusions and PD: deep anterior overbite with gingival contact (odds ratio [OR] = 1.40, 95% CI: 1.08–1.82;p‐value = 0.0101) and anterior crossbite (OR = 1.75, 95% CI: 1.29–2.38;p‐value = 0.0003). Regarding crowding, only severe anterior crowding was compatible with a moderate to large association with PD (OR = 1.93, 95% CI: 0.89–4.20). Compared to smoking, the overall effect of malocclusions was about one half for AL and one‐third for PD.ConclusionMalocclusions or morphologic parameters were associated with periodontal disease.
The Effect of a Geriatric Oncology Clinic on Treatment Decisions in Mexican Older Adults With Cancer
Authors: Verduzco‐Aguirre Haydeé C. , Navarrete‐Reyes Ana P. , Chavarri‐Guerra Yanin , Ávila‐Funes José A. , Soto‐Perez‐de‐Celis Enrique 
Published: January 2019

OBJECTIVESGeriatric assessment and interventions improve the care of older adults with cancer, but their effect on treatment decision making in resource‐limited settings is unknown. We studied the effect of recommendations made by a consultative geriatric oncology clinic on treatment decision making by oncologists in Mexico.DESIGN, SETTING, AND PARTICIPANTSRetrospective chart review of 173 consecutive patients with solid tumors referred before treatment initiation to the geriatric oncology clinic at a third‐level public hospital in Mexico City between March 2015 and October 2017. Patients were evaluated by a multidisciplinary geriatric oncology clinic, and treatment recommendations were issued to treating oncologists.MEASUREMENTSWe determined the overall proportion of agreement between geriatric oncology recommendations and oncologists' treatment decisions. We assessed whether agreement increased when geriatric oncology recommendations were acknowledged in the treating oncologist's clinic note. The homogeneity of agreement was tested using the Stuart‐Maxwell test.RESULTSMedian age was 79 years (range = 64‐97 years). “Standard treatment” was recommended in 48% of cases, followed by “less intensive treatment” in 32%, and “best supportive care” in 20%. The overall proportion of agreement for the entire population was 80% (κ = 0.69), although agreement was heterogeneous (X2 = 8.16, P = .02). Geriatric oncology recommendations were acknowledged in the treating oncologists' notes in 62% of cases. Overall agreement was higher when the evaluation was acknowledged (83%, κ = 0.74) than when it was not acknowledged (74%, κ = 0.60). Agreement was homogeneous only when recommendations were acknowledged in the oncologist's note (X2 = 3.0, P = .22).CONCLUSIONSThe overall proportion of agreement between geriatric oncology recommendations and final treatment decisions was high, particularly when recommendations were acknowledged in the treating oncologists' note. Including geriatric oncology evaluations in everyday clinical practice and fostering interdisciplinary communication between geriatric oncology and treating oncologists may provide valuable guidance for physicians caring for older patients with cancer in resource‐limited settings. J Am Geriatr Soc 67:992–997, 2019.