bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Automedicação na comunidade: um problema de saúde pública
Authors: Amaral Odete , Veiga Nélio , Nelas Paula , Coutinho Emília , Chaves Claudia 
Published: August 2019

Introdução: A automedicação é um importante problema de saúde pública e constitui um desafio em diversos países europeus, designadamente em Portugal. Os objetivos deste estudo foram estimar a prevalência de automedicação numa amostra de adultos portugueses da Região Centro e Norte de Portugal e identificar fatores sociodemográficos e de saúde associados à automedicação. Participantes e métodos: Estudo transversal analítico. A amostra ficou constituída 197 indivíduos da comunidade, região centro e norte de Portugal, com uma média de idades de 38,26±14,20 anos e maioritariamente do género feminino (65,0%). Os dados foram recolhidos através da aplicação de um questionário, composto por questões de caracterização sociodemográfica, de contexto de saúde e questões referentes à automedicação. Resultados: No total da amostra a prevalência de automedicação ao longo da vida foi de 74,1% e nos últimos 6 meses foi de 59,9%. A automedicação ao longo da vida associou-se significativamente com a área de residência urbana (p=0,018). A automedicação nos últimos 6 meses relacionou-se positivamente com a idade ≤25 anos (OR=3,69; IC95% 1,04-12,14) e negativamente com a área de residência (rural OR=0,36; IC95% 0,15-0,84). Conclusões: Observámos elevadas prevalências de automedicação ao longo da vida e nos últimos 6 meses na comunidade norte e centro de Portugal. A automedicação associou-se com variáveis sociodemográficas e de saúde. Os resultados do presente estudo criam evidência para o planeamento de intervenções no âmbito do controlo da automedicação na comunidade.
Instrumentos de evaluación de la cultura emprendedora
Authors: Martin Palacio Maria Eugenia , Flores Castillo Francis Edie , Di Giusto Valle Cristina 
Published: August 2019

Se presenta el proceso de construcción y resultados de cuatro instrumentos que reúnen requisitos psicométricos de fiabilidad, validez y normalización y evalúan la cultura emprendedora (perciba y deseada) en contextos de educación secundaria en relación a sus cuatro componentes: la finalidad de la educación, procesos de enseñanza, procesos de aprendizaje y escenario educativo, en alumnos y profesores. La muestra estuvo conformada en la fase piloto por 173 alumnos de dos centros educativos públicos (27.7% y el 72.3% respectivamente). El 52.6% eran hombres. En relación al curso, la muestra estuvo conformada por alumnado de 1º de ESO (72.3%) y de 4º de ESO (27.7%), con edades comprendidas entre los 11 y los 17 años, siendo la media 12.99 y la desviación típica 1.73. La muestra del profesorado estuvo formada por 63 participantes de tres centros educativos públicos (42.9%, 42.9% y 14.3% respectivamente). De los docentes, el 33.3% eran hombres y el 66.7% eran mujeres, con edades comprendidas entre los 31 y los 68, siendo la media 50.49 y la desviación típica 6.79.La muestra empírica ha estado formada por 2308 discentes (47.7% hombres) de 18 centroseducativos, tanto públicos como concertados y privados. La muestra de discentes estuvo formada por estudiantes desde 1º ESO hasta 2º Bachillerato, con una media de edad de 14. 84 y una desviación típica de 1.77. La muestra del profesorado se compuso de 176 (32.4% hombres) participantes de 16 centros tanto públicos como concertados. La media de edad fue 47.92, con una desviación típica de 7.74. Se agrupó a los docentes en ramas educativas: 32.4% de Ciencias; 66.5% de Letras y 3% de Arte. Los resultados obtenidos de fiabilidad, validez factorial y confirmatoria y baremos permiten con las garantías psicométricas pertinentes su aplicación tanto en profesores como en alumnos en contextos de educación secundaria.
La percepción de la cultura en el aula en función de la variable género en alumnos y profesores
Authors: Di Giusto Valle Cristina , Martin Palacio Maria Eugenia , Dapelo Pellerano Bianca 
Published: August 2019

El objetivo de este estudio es conocer la percepción y deseo de cultura emprendedora en profesores y alumnos en función de la variable género. Para ello se sigue el modelo de análisis Cultuala formulado por Martín del Buey de la Universidad de Oviedo y desarrollado por su equipo de investigación, bajo la dirección de la Doctora María Eugenia Martín Palacio de la Universidad Complutense de Madrid. La muestra del profesorado es de 176 participantes de 16 centros educativos. En relación al género, el 66.5% son profesoras y el 32.4% profesores. Por otro lado, la muestra de estudiantes está formada por 2308 participantes de 18 centros educativos: 1101 hombres (47.7%) y 1203 mujeres (52.1%). La procedencia de la muestra se distribuye en 1922 estudiantes de Asturias (83.3%), 372 de Castilla y León (16.1%) y 14 de Cantabria (0.6%). Los resultados indican que en el profesorado no se han encontrado diferencias estadísticamente significativas en la percepción que tienen de sus desempeños académicos ni en el deseo de una mejora de los mismos. En los alumnos se ha encontrado diferencias tanto en la percepción de los desempeños docentes en el aula como en el deseo de cambio de los mismos por parte de sus profesores. No obstante, en cuanto a la percepción que tienen los alumnos respecto a los aspectos relacionados con la finalidad educativa no existen diferencias de género y tampoco existen en cuanto al deseo de una mejora del escenario educativo. Además, se evidencia que el deseo de mejora de la realidad percibida siempre es superior, y que tanto las medias de profesoras como de alumnas son siempre ligeramente superiores a las de los hombres.
Neonatal septicemia: bacteriological profile in a tertiary level hospital in South India
Authors: Vijayan Soja , Narayanan Deepa S. , Velayudhan Nair Gopalan A. 
Published: August 2019

Background: Early onset bacterial sepsis remains a major cause of neonatal morbidity and death. The choice of antibiotic for an infant with sepsis depends on the predominant bacterial pathogens and the antibiotic susceptibility profiles for the microorganisms causing disease in a particular geographic region. The purpose of this study was to analyze the bacteriological profile and antibiotic sensitivity pattern of neonatal septicemia in our neonatal unit.Methods: A descriptive cross sectional study carried was out at the NICU of a tertiary level hospital in South India for a period of one year.Results: Clinically suspected septicemia comprised 18.14% of total NICU admissions. Organism was isolated by blood culture in 14.9% of cases. The most common organisms causing septicemia were Coagulase negative Staphylococci, Klebsiella and Staphylococcus aureus. Gram positive isolates were most sensitive to Vancomycin (100%) while the gram negative isolates were most sensitive to Amikacin. Resistance to Crystalline Penicillin, Ampicillin and 3rd generation cephalosporins was high.Conclusions: The most common organism isolated in septicemia was Coagulase negative staphylococcus in our NICU. Gram positive isolates were most sensitive to Vancomycin (100%) while the gram negative isolates were most sensitive to Amikacin. High resistance to commonly used antibiotics is worrisome. There should be a constant surveillance of the common microbes and their sensitivity pattern in each NICU and the antibiotic protocols should be periodically reviewed. Rational use of antibiotics and preventive measures like hand washing is the need of the hour.
Dyslipidemia and oxidative stress are causative factors for atherosclerosis changes in hemodialysis patients
Authors: Varma B. H. V. K. Praveen , Rao T. Madhusudhana , Raju D. S. S. K. 
Published: August 2019

Background: Cardiovascular disease is one of the leading cause of death in chronic kidney disease. The increased cardiovascular mortality observed in all stages of Chronic kidney disease patients. In hemodialysis cardiovascular mortality is more than 60%. In hemodialysis dyslipidemia contribute for the triggering of atherosclerosis. Endothelial dysfunction and oxidative stress are serves as main precursor for the progression of atherosclerosis. So the present study was aimed at studying lipid profile and oxidative stress in hemodialysis patients.Methods: A cross sectional study carried out over a 2 year period in Department Nephrology and General Medicine OPD, MIMS, Vizianagaram, Andhra Pradesh, India. A total of 60 hemodialysis patients are included. In all the participants Lipid profile, SOD, MDA and Serum Nitrate was measured. Results: There is a significantly increased levels of serum triglycerides and VLDL in hemodialysis patients when compared with Control. The HDL-C was significant Lower in hemodialysis patients when compared with control. The serum total cholesterol and LDL-C not shown any significant change. The Serum MDA and Serum Nitrate was significantly higher in hemodialysis patients compared with Control and it is statistically significant (p<0.001). Whereas the serum SOD value was significantly decreased in hemodialysis patients when compared with control and it is statistically significant (p<0.001).Conclusion: Present study finding suggested that the incidence of atherosclerosis changes are higher in hemodialysis patients. Early detection and correction of atherosclerosis changes can help us to reducing the deleterious effects.
Anemia and inflammation, a link between end stage kidney disease and left ventricular hypertrophy
Authors: Rao T. Madhusudhana , Varma B. H. V. K. Praveen , Raju D. S. S. K. 
Published: August 2019

Background: Based on Glomerular Filtration Rate (GFR) Chronic Kidney Disease patients are classified into five stages. It starts with early stage of CKD and finally ends with End Stage Kidney Disease (ESKD). Anemia and inflammation are major medical complication in End Stage Kidney Disease and leads cardio vascular complications like LVH.Methods: A cross sectional study carried out over a 2 year period in Department Nephrology and General Medicine OPD, MIMS, Vizianagaram, Andhra Pradesh, India 120 in which 60 are normal healthy individuals and 60 are End stage kidney Disease. In all the participants Serum creatinine, blood urea, Serum Iron, TIBC, TSAT% Serum ferritin, Serum CRP, IL-6 and TNF-α was measured. All the EDTA blood samples were analyzed for complete blood count. Results: The diagnostic criteria for CKD like blood urea and serum creatinine were significantly higher in ESKD. There is a significantly increased level of Left ventricular mass index in ESKD when compared with Control. The mean erythrocyte indices are decreased in ESKD. The mean serum iron, TIBC and TSAT% decreased ESKD. Whereas serum ferritin significant increase in ESKD group and the mean serum CRP IL-6 and TNF-α significant increase in ESKD group when compared with controlConclusion: Present study finding suggested that there is a raised inflammatory marker in ESKD patients due to inflammation and it further changes serum ferritin, serum iron and TIBC. The above altered factors leads to changes in erythrocyte indices and leads to anemia which ends with cardiovascular complication like Left Ventricular Hypertrophy.
Dikkat Eksikliği Hiperaktivite Bozukluğu Tedavisinde Neurofeedback Eğitimi
Authors: YAYLACI Ferhat , ÖZEK ERKURAN Handan , ÇETİN Fatih Hilmi , KARA Halil 
Published: August 2019

Dikkat Eksikliği ve Hiperaktivite Bozukluğu (DEHB), dikkatsizlik, hiperaktivite ve dürtüsellik ile ayırt edilen, çocukluk çağının en sık görülen psikiyatrik bozukluklarından biridir. Nörobiyolojik bir hastalık olarak kabul edilen ve tedavi gerektiren bu bozuklukta ilaç tedavileri en etkili tedavi yaklaşımıdır. Buna ek olarak, belirtilerin en iyi şekilde azaltılması ve genel işlevselliğin iyileştirilmesi için ilaç ve farmakolojik olmayan girişimlerin birlikte kullanıldığı tedavi yaklaşımları da önerilmektedir. Neurofeedback, farmakolojik olmayan tedavi yaklaşımları arasında 1970'lerin başından beri DEHB’de bir tedavi stratejisi olarak kendisini göstermektedir. Erken çalışmalar neurofeedback’in etkinliğine yönelik olumlu sonuçlar bildirmektedir. Ancak, iyi tasarlanmış güncel çalışmalar ve meta-analizlerden gelen veriler bu olumlu sonuçlara şüphe getirmektedir.
STRATEGI PENGENDALIAN DISORIENTASI SISWA DALAM BELAJAR DI SEKOLAH
Authors: Misdar Muhammad 
Published: August 2019

Student learning situations in schools do not always benefit psychologically for certain students and teachers, because there are attitudes and behaviors of students that show contradiction with should occur. Ideally, the student should seriously study but is sometimes shown by aberrant behavior. Student learning orientation should focus on achieving success, get maximum achievement in a school, but sometimes fact justeri on the contrary, studying student no more just doing duty for the sake of pleasing parent and reach social status finished school. What is described above, the emergence is not without cause, the attitude of disorientation of students' learning in school is basically sourced from internal students themselves rather than from external factors. Students' disorientation in learning does not just appear, but arises from a cause, among them is the negative cycle of academic development experienced by students, low perceptions of learning, and effort in learning is very low. The adverse effects of these three factors will also affect students' attitudes toward learning, such as the use of ego in learning is greater than the logic, avoidance of challenges, such as dislike of difficulties, because it does not like to something hard and become a heavy burden for the brain , So can not measure the success and failure in learning. The consequences of it all have an effect on their behavior, such as tend to be difficult to control to learn by the teacher, ignorance of the teacher and the lesson, likes to belittle the lesson learned, the less attention to the lesson and sometimes show the destructive behavior when facing the excessive challenge in learning, So the challenge he likes to be physically fit is not an intellectual challenge. In order to provide solutions to the attitudes and behaviors of students as described above, there needs to be a breakthrough that can be done, at least can be done through two kinds of strategies, namely motivation strategy and emotional strategy. Both are solutions that are internal rather than external.
ANALISIS MULTIDIMENSIONAL PEMBELAJARAN AKIDAH AKHLAK BERBASIS MULTIPLE INTELLIGENCES DAN DAMPAKNYA BAGI SIKAP KEAGAMAAN SISWA MADRASAH ALIYAH BENGKULU SELATAN
Authors: Rahman Arief 
Published: August 2019

Keberhasilan pembelajaran tidak terlepas dari berbagai komponen yang menjadi pendukung dalam pembelajaran, dimana komponen pendukung tersebut sudah semestinya dibuat dengan baik. Demikian juga dalam proses pembelajaran yang seharusnya menarik, agar siswa dapat memahami pembelajaran. Sikap siswa yang kurang baik salah satu faktornya dapat disebabkan karena kurangnya pemahaman siswa akan materi pembelajaran akidah akhlak. Bila siswa memahami dengan baik, tentunya akan berdampak pada sikap siswa itu sendiri. Jenis penelitian ini adalah mixed methods (penelitian campuran) kualitatif-kuantitatif, dengan sequential exploratory designs, yaitu pengumpulan data kualitatif dilakukan pertama kali dan dianalisis, kemudian data kuantitatif dikumpulkan dan dianalisis. Metode ini dengan bobot metode kualitatif lebih tinggi daripada kuantitatif (QUAL + quan). Sedangkan teknik pengumpulan datanya adalah observasi, wawancara, dokumentasi, dan angket, dengan menggunakan teknik analisis data kualitatif yang bersifat induktif dan teknik analisis isi untuk dokumen. Sedangkan analisis data kuantitatif digunakan untuk mengetahui dampak pembelajaran aversion therapy dan modelling bagi sikap keagamaan siswa Madrasah Aliyah Bengkulu Selatan.
POLITIK PENGUATAN INSTITUSI PENDIDIKAN TINGGI ISLAM INDONESIA
Authors: Abror Darul 
Published: August 2019

This study aims to develop scientific treasures on the focus of educational political studies that are not yet familiar in Indonesia, especially regarding the politics of strengthening Islamic education institutions Era of the Minister of Religion K.H.A. Wahid Hasyim Indonesia that has never been studied by anyone, so this study becomes important to study. This study uses "Interest Groups Theory" which has been incorporated in The Politics of Education Association (PEA) as an analysis knife so that it is relevant to the context of the discussion. The method in this study uses the qualitative method "Library Research" with an educational political approach with historical style. Whereas in collecting data obtained do documentation study and interview, and data analysis technique used by qualitative circular analysis technique by describing, classifying and combining. In this study there were two important findings. First, the emergence of a program of strengthening Islamic higher education institutions in Indonesia on the basis of the construction of internal and external factors was the existence of the "Balance Motive" praxis by using a rational and spiritual approach which was emphasized in the concept and practice, namely the balance between science and piety, between logic and morality, between religious and public education, both must complement each other which is confirmed through the political program of his institutional notion which is establish a "complete Islamic University and makes PTAIN a modern embryo of civilization under the control of the Ministry Religion. The second finding, in practice, is the interaction pattern used by the era of the Minister of Religion of K.H. A. Wahid Hasyim in the process of strengthening Islamic higher education institutions in Indonesiaisan interaction pattern of "Accommodative Compromistic Associative", namely the pattern of interaction that has an indication of "balanced" synthesis with secular groups, even training with the regime, in ways that are more adaptive and prioritize stability and interests all groups by reflecting competitive, compromise, cooperative and tassammuh and tawassuth processes to reduce conflict between groups with the aim of obtaining alternative solutions.
Description of attendance of scheduled follow up clinic visits and weight changes among low-birthweight infants post discharge at a tertiary hospital in Kampala, Uganda.
Authors: Namiiro Flaviah B , Rujumba Joseph , Nankunda Jolly , Kasirye Phillip , Batte Anthony , Mupere Ezekiel 
Published: August 2019

Abstract
Background: Follow up after hospital discharge is a recommended and common medical practice for high risk infants like those born with low birthweight and at preterm, this however is rare in LIC. Premature babies are at risk of long term disabilities and require continued care both at home and in designated facilities. We sought to determine the attendance of scheduled follow up clinic visits for preterm infants post hospital discharge.
Methods: A review of records for all infants seen in the preterm clinic at Mulago National Referral Hospital between January and December 2015 was done. After discharge from the SCBU, infants are followed up in the Kangaroo Mother Care clinic every fortnight until they weigh 2500 grams. They then transition to the Preterm Care Clinic where they are followed up every two to three months until 18 months of corrected age.
Findings: Between September 2014 and December 2015, 7224 neonates were admitted to the SCU of Mulago Hospital. Of these, 3537 (49 %) weighed less or equal to 2500 grams, thus majority were eligible for follow up in the special clinics after discharge.
Of the 590 babies registered in the PTC during 2016; 423 (71.7%) were included for analysis and 167 (28.3) % were excluded due to missing or incomplete data. Majority of the infants weighed 1501-2000gms (50%), only 3% weighed less than 1000gms, 14% more than 2000gms and 5% record of birth weight was missing. Almost 90% of the visits during KMC clinic were on schedule as compared to 64% during PTC visits. The average number of visits in the KMC clinic were three per baby; 105 babies had between 4-5 visits and 15% of all the participants were still attending the clinic by one year of age. Many babies were not seen in the clinic after the age of 6 months.
Conclusion: Scheduled follow up clinic attendance for low birth weight preterm infants is suboptimal with only one out of four were followed up after one year. There is need to strengthen utilization of available services, community support and devise means to improve the long term follow up.
A large-scale comparative study of isoform expressions measured on four platforms
Authors: Zhang Wei , Petegrosso Raphael , Chang Jae Woong , Yong Jeongsik , Chien Jeremy , Kuang Rui 
Published: August 2019

Abstract
Background: Most eukaryotic genes produce different transcripts of multiple isoforms by inclusion or exclusion of particular exons. The isoforms of a gene often play diverse functional roles and thus, it is necessary to accurately measure isoform expressions as well as the genes'. While previous studies have demonstrated the strong agreement between mRNA-sequencing (RNA-seq) and array-based gene and/or isoform quantification platforms (Microarray gene expression and Exon-array), the more recently developed NanoString platform has not been systematically evaluated and compared, especially in large-scale studies across different cancer domains.

Results: In this paper, we present a large-scale comparative study among RNA-seq, NanoString, array-based and RT-qPCR platforms using 46 cancer cell lines across different cancer types to understand and evaluate the calibers of the platforms for measuring gene and isoform expressions in cancer studies. We first performed NanoString experiments on 59 cancer cell lines with 403 custom-designed probes for measuring the expressions of 405 isoforms in 155 genes and additional RT-qPCR experiments for a subset of the measured isoforms in 13 cell lines, and then combined the data with the matched RNA-seq, Exon-array and Microarray data of 46 of the 59 cell lines for the comparative analysis.

Conclusion: In the comparisons of the platforms for evaluating expressions at both isoform and gene levels, we found that (1) the degree of agreement across platforms on quantifying isoform expressions is lower than gene expressions; (2) NanoString and Exon-array are not consistent on isoform quantification even though both techniques are based on hybridization reactions; (3) RT-qPCR experiments are more consistent with RNA-seq quantification results on isoform-level compared to NanoString and Exon-array; (4) different RNA-seq isoform quantification algorithms showed inconsistent results, and two isoform quantification methods Net-RSTQ and eXpress are more consistent across the platforms in the comparison; (5) RNA-seq has the best overall consistent with the other platforms on gene expression quantification.