bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The Essence and Evolution of Song. By Vladimír Úlehla. Translated by Julia Ulehla; edited by Katherine Freeze and Richard K. Wolf.
Authors: Úlehla Vladimír , Ulehla Julia 
Published: July 2019

Vladimír Úlehla (1888-1947) uses his expertise in the biological sciences to perform an in-depth and ecologically situated study of folk songs from his native Czechoslovakia. His posthumous magnum opus Živá Píseň (Living Song, 1949) chronicled the musical traditions of Strážnice, a small town at the western hem of the Carpathian Mountains at the Moravian-Slovakian border. Informed by four decades of ethnographic inquiry, transcription, and several music-analytical methods, in Chapter VI Úlehla considers the songs from Strážnice as living organisms, links them to their ecological environs, and isolates musical characteristics that he believes correspond to stages of their evolution. He discusses modulation, vocal style, ornamentation, melodic and poetic structure, and identifies a diverse array of musical modes—evidence that he uses to refute the prevailing assumption of the day that folk music was derivative of art music.
Citation: Úlehla, Vladimír. The Essence and Evolution of Song. Translated by Julia Ulehla; edited by Katherine Freeze and Richard K. Wolf. Ethnomusicology Translations, no.7. Bloomington, IN: Society for Ethnomusicology, 2018.
Originally published in Czech as “Nitro a vỳvoj písně.” In Żivá Píseň. Praha [Prague]: Fr. Borový, 2008[1949].
How distinctive is the foreign language enjoyment and foreign language classroom anxiety of Kazakh learners of Turkish?
Authors: Dewaele Jean-Marc , Özdemir Cemal , Karci Durmuş , Uysal Sinem , Özdemir Elif Derya , Balta Nuri 
Published: July 2019

Abstract
The present study focuses on foreign language enjoyment (FLE) and foreign language classroom anxiety (FLCA) of 592 learners of Turkish as a foreign language (FL) in Kazakhstan. Mean levels of FLE and FLCA were found to be similar to previous studies in different settings with different target languages. In contrast with previous literature, a weak positive correlation was found between FLE and FLCA and the gender effect went in the opposite direction, with male participants reporting more FLCA than female participants. Multiple regression analyses revealed that FLE and FLCA were more strongly predicted by learners’ attitude toward Turkish and teacher-related variables than by learner-internal variables, confirming previous research outside Kazakhstan. Attitude toward the FL, teacher’s friendliness, strictness and frequency of use of the FL, attitude toward the teacher, participant’s age and FL exam result explained a total of 25% of variance in FLE. Differing slightly from previous studies, FLCA was found to be only weakly predicted (6% of variance) by some learner-internal variables (FL exam result, attitude toward the FL) as well as teacher-centred variables (friendliness, strictness). The findings suggest that variation in FLE and FLCA among Kazakh learners of Turkish is quite similar to that established in other contexts.
Different Photonic Crystal Fibers Configurations with the Key Solutions for the Optimization of Data Rates Transmission
Authors: Amiri IS , Rashed Ahmed Nabih Zaki 
Published: July 2019

Abstract
The study has outlined various photonic crystal fibers (PCFs) configurations for the key solution to the optimization of data rates transmission. The proposed fibers that are namely octagonal photonic crystal fiber (OPCF), hexagonal photonic crystal fiber (HPCF), and elliptical photonic crystal fiber (E-PCF) are used in the system. The dispersion parameter coefficient, pulse broadening variations, and data rates transmission are examined for proposed fibers under the same fiber lengths and number of quantization level with using pulse code modulation (PCM). The system performance is enhanced with OPCF with reducing dispersion factor, pulse broadening effects and consequently increasing data rates transmission.
Crystallization of Nano-TiO2 Films based on Glass Fiber Fabric Substrate and Its Impact on Catalytic Performance
Authors: Liu Yunjuan , Yuan Xiaohong , Wang Yan 
Published: July 2019

Abstract
Nano-TiO2 film attracts great attention by its excellent photocatalytic activity performance. The application of nano-TiO2 film based on fabric substrate in indoor household textiles is helpful for purifying air and degrading formaldehyde content in indoor environments. In this paper, the nano-TiO2 films were prepared on fiberglass substrate by the sol-gel method, and the appearance of fabrics coated with nano-TiO2 at conditions of both without calcination (room temperature) and high temperature calcination (300∘C, 350∘C, 400∘C) was studied. In addition, X-ray diffraction technology was applied to analyze the crystallization of TiO2 film, with further discussion of the photocatalytic performance of degrading helianthin under UV irradiation.The results show that with increase of calcination temperature, the color of the fabric gets darker and darker until the powder peeling and dyeing reaches the maximum degree, the fabric becomes fragile, the anatase crystal form of TiO2 film tends to be complete, and the photocatalytic performance is improved. It is feasible to apply TiO2 film on the surface of fabrics in the design of indoor household textiles.
Forschung und Entwicklung von Unternehmen in langfristiger Perspektive: Starkes Wachstum, alte Akteure?
Authors: Dachs Bernhard , Drach Andreas 
Published: July 2019

Zusammenfassung
Wie stark bestimmt das Wachstum junger, forschungsintensiver Unternehmen das technologische Leistungsvermögen von Ländern? Bernhard Dachs und Andreas Drach untersuchen dies anhand der Entwicklung in Österreich. Das Land ist für eine solche Analyse besonders geeignet, denn die Ausgaben für Forschung und Entwicklung (F&E) österreichischer Unternehmen haben sich seit 2002 mehr als verdoppelt. Die Analyse auf Basis von Firmendaten zeigt, dass dieser Anstieg vor allem von großen, etablierten und nur zu einem geringen Teil neuen Unternehmen ausging. 62 Prozent der F&E-Ausgaben des Jahres 2013 stammen von Unternehmen, die bereits 2002 F&E betrieben. Die Wahrscheinlich­keit, dass kleine F&E-Betreiber in die Gruppe der großen, forschungsintensiven Akteure aufsteigen, ist sehr gering. Diese Beobachtung weist auf institutionelle Hemmnisse im Innovationssystem hin. Eine Analyse der Gründe ist notwendig, um dem österreichischen Innovationssystem – aber auch denen anderer EU-Länder – mehr Dynamik zu verleihen.
Determinism versus randomness in plankton dynamics: The analysis of noisy time series based on the recurrence plots
Authors: Medvinsky Alexander B. , Rusakov Alexey V. , Adamovich Boris V. , Mikheyeva Tamara M. , Nurieva Nailya I. 
Published: July 2019

Abstract
The quantitative analysis of recurrence plots while applied to mathematical models was shown to be an effective tool in recognizing a frontier between deterministic chaos and random processes. In nature, however, unlike mathematical models, deterministic processes are closely intertwined with random influences. As a result, the non-structural distributions of points on the recurrence plots, which are typical of random processes, are inevitably superimposed on the aperiodic structures characteristic of chaos. Taking into account that the stochastic impacts are an inherent feature of the dynamics of populations in the wild, we present here the results of the analysis of recurrence plots in order to reveal the extent to which irregular phytoplankton oscillations in the Naroch Lakes, Belarus, are susceptible to stochastic impacts. We demonstrate that numerical assessments of the horizon of predictability Tpr of the dynamics under study and the average number Pd of the points that belong to the diagonal segments on the recurrence plots can furnish insights into the extent to which the dynamics of both model and phytoplankton populations are affected by random components. Specifically, a comparative analysis of the values of Tpr and Pd for the time series of phytoplankton and the time series of random processes allows us to conclude that random components of the phytoplankton dynamics in the Naroch Lakes do not prevent recognition of chaotic nature of these dynamics.
Somatostatin receptor expression in parathyroid neoplasms
Authors: Storvall Sara , Leijon Helena , Ryhänen Eeva , Louhimo Johanna , Haglund Caj , Schalin-Jäntti Camilla , Arola Johanna 
Published: July 2019

Introduction
Parathyroid carcinoma represents a rare cause of primary hyperparathyroidism. Distinguishing carcinoma from the benign tumors underlying primary hyperparathyroidism remains challenging. The diagnostic criteria for parathyroid carcinoma are local and/or metastatic spreading. Atypical parathyroid adenomas share other histological features with carcinomas but lack invasive growth. Somatostatin receptors are commonly expressed in different neuroendocrine tumors, but whether this also holds for parathyroid tumors remains unknown.

Aim
Our aim is to examine the immunohistochemical expression of somatostatin receptor 1–5 in parathyroid typical adenomas, atypical adenomas and carcinomas.

Methods
We used a tissue microarray construct from a nationwide cohort of parathyroid carcinomas (n = 32), age- and gender-matched typical parathyroid adenomas (n = 72) and atypical parathyroid adenomas (n = 27) for immunohistochemistry of somatostatin receptor subtypes 1–5. We separately assessed cytoplasmic, membrane and nuclear expression and also investigated the associations with histological, biochemical and clinical characteristics.

Results
All parathyroid tumor subgroups expressed somatostatin receptors, although membrane expression appeared negligible. Except for somatostatin receptor 1, expression patterns differed between the three tumor types. Adenomas exhibited the weakest and carcinomas the strongest expression of somatostatin receptor 2, 3, 4 and 5. We observed the largest difference for cytoplasmic somatostatin receptor 5 expression.

Conclusions
Parathyroid adenomas, atypical adenomas and carcinomas all express somatostatin receptor subtypes 1–5. Somatostatin receptor 5 may serve as a potential tumor marker for malignancy. Studies exploring the role of somatostatin receptor imaging and receptor-specific therapies in patients with parathyroid carcinomas are needed.
Neurodevelopmental Outcomes of Preterm Infants With Retinopathy of Prematurity by Treatment
Authors: Natarajan Girija , Shankaran Seetha , Nolen Tracy L. , Sridhar Amaanti , Kennedy Kathleen A. , Hintz Susan R. , Phelps Dale L. , DeMauro Sara B. , Carlo Waldemar A. , Gantz Marie G. , Das Abhik , Greenberg Rachel G. , Younge Noelle E. , Bliss Joseph M. , Seabrook Ruth , Sánchez Pablo J. , Wyckoff Myra H. , Bell Edward F. , Vohr Betty R. , Higgins Rosemary D. 
Published: July 2019

OBJECTIVE:
Among extremely preterm infants, we evaluated whether bevacizumab therapy compared with surgery for retinopathy of prematurity (ROP) is associated with adverse outcomes in early childhood.

METHODS:
This study was a retrospective analysis of prospectively collected data on preterm (22–26 + 6/7 weeks’ gestational age) infants admitted to the Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development Neonatal Research Network centers who received bevacizumab or surgery exclusively for ROP. The primary outcome was death or severe neurodevelopmental impairment (NDI) at 18 to 26 months’ corrected age (Bayley Scales of Infant and Toddler Development, Third Edition cognitive or motor composite score &lt;70, Gross Motor Functional Classification Scale level ≥2, bilateral blindness or hearing impairment).

RESULTS:
The cohort (N = 405; 214 [53%] boys; median [interquartile range] gestational age: 24.6 [23.9–25.3] weeks) included 181 (45%) infants who received bevacizumab and 224 (55%) who underwent ROP surgery. Infants treated with bevacizumab had a lower median (interquartile range) birth weight (640 [541–709] vs 660 [572.5–750] g; P = .02) and longer durations of conventional ventilation (35 [21–58] vs 33 [18–49] days; P = .04) and supplemental oxygen (112 [94–120] vs 105 [84.5–120] days; P = .01). Death or severe NDI (adjusted odds ratio [aOR] 1.42; 95% confidence interval [CI] 0.94 to 2.14) and severe NDI (aOR 1.14; 95% CI 0.76 to 1.70) did not differ between groups. Odds of death (aOR 2.54 [95% CI 1.42 to 4.55]; P = .002), a cognitive score &lt;85 (aOR 1.78 [95% CI 1.09 to 2.91]; P = .02), and a Gross Motor Functional Classification Scale level ≥2 (aOR 1.73 [95% CI 1.04 to 2.88]; P = .04) were significantly higher with bevacizumab therapy.

CONCLUSIONS:
In this multicenter cohort of preterm infants, ROP treatment modality was not associated with differences in death or NDI, but the bevacizumab group had higher mortality and poor cognitive outcomes in early childhood. These data reveal the need for a rigorous appraisal of ROP therapy.
The effect of duloxetine on ECoG activity of absence-epilepsy model in WAG/Rij rats
Authors: AYGÜN Hatice 
Published: July 2019

Aim: Many
epidemiological studies have found a high
incidence of depression and anxiety in people with epilepsy. Duloxetine is a selective
inhibitor of serotonin and norepinephrine reuptake (SNRI) and commonly prescribed in a patient with major depressive
disorder. The aim of this study was to investigate
the effect of duloxetine on the WAG/Rij rat in an experimental rat model
of absence-epilepsy.

Methods: WAG/Rij
rats were randomly assigned into 5 groups with 7 animals in each group. Tripolar
electrodes were placed on the skull to
perform electrocorticography (ECoG) evaluation. Then, following the recovery
period, ECoGs were recorded at 09:00 am for 3 hours every day. Subsequently, duloxetine (1, 5, 10
and 30 mg/kg) was injected
intraperitoneally (i.p). After
the treatment program, ECoG recordings were taken for 3 hours. And then all
animal anxiety-like behavior by using the
behavioral test, open field test (OFT) was performed after duloxetine (1,5,10
and 30 mg/kg) treatment. The total number and
the total duration of the spike-wave
discharges (SWDs) were
calculated offline. The
number of squares crossed (locomotor activity) and the duration of grooming
episodes were analyzed in OFT.&nbsp;

Results: The doses of duloxetine (1 mg/kg) did not alter ECoG and OFT parameters. The 5, 10 and 30 mg/kg doses of duloxetine decreased the total number and the total duration of
SWDs, (p&lt;0.05) and increased the number of squares crossed when
compared to with control group (p &lt;0.05) without changing duration of
grooming episodes (p&gt; 0.05). Intraperitoneal administering of 1 mg/kg
duloxetine did not show any statistically
significant change in regard to the number and duration of SWDs.

Conclusions: In the present study, duloxetine reduce
dose-dependent absences-like seizures and
anxiety-like behavior.
GEBELİKTE DEMİR VE FOLAT EKSİKLİĞİ ANEMİSİNDE KANITA DAYALI GÜNCEL YAKLAŞIMLAR
Authors: BİLGİN Zümrüt , DEMİRCİ Nurdan 
Published: July 2019

Özet:Anemi,
gebelikte en yaygın hemotolojik bir sorundur. Dünyadaki gebe kadınların %38.2'sinin
anemik olduğu, tahmin edilmektedir. Türkiye’de üreme çağındaki kadınlarda anemi
sıklığının %20 ile %39.9 arasında değiştiği belirtilmektedir. Gebelik
dönemindeki anemiler edinsel ve kalıtsal olmak üzere iki grupta değerlendirilir.
Gebelikte sıklıkla edinsel yetmezlik anemilerinden olan demir eksikliği ve daha
az sıklıkla da folik asit eksikliği anemisi oluşur. Demir eksikliği anemisi (DEA)’nin en temel nedeni;
gebelik öncesinde demir düzeyinin düşüklüğü, gebelikte absorbsiyonun artması
ile artan gereksinimdir. Demir eksikliği anemisinin tanısı için öncelikle hemoglobin
(Hb) ve serum ferritin düzeyi ölçülür. Gebelikte en düşük Hb değeri 1. ve 3. trimesterde &lt;11 gr/dL,
2. trimesterde &lt;10,5 gr/dL’olmalıdır. Gebelikte anemi; annenin
hastalanma ve ölüm riskinde artışla (%20-40 oranında), fetüste ise intrauterin büyüme
geriliği, düşük doğum ağırlığı, erken
doğum ve perinatal mortalite riskinde artışla ilişkilidir. Maternal ve fetal
komplikasyonların önlenmesi için gebe kadınlara demir ve folat desteği
verilmesi önemlidir. Demir eksikliği anemisinde oral demir tedavisi birinci basamak tedavi olarak verilir. Oral
tedavi yanıtsızlığı, tedaviye uyum sorunu, çok düşük hemoglobin değerleri ve
hızlı demir replasmanına ihtiyaç duyulması gibi durumlarda intravenoz (İV)
demir tedavisi tercih edilmektedir. Bu derlemede gebelikte demir
ve folat eksikliği anemisinde kanıta dayalı güncel yaklaşımların incelenmesi
amaçlanmıştır.
Effects of Reading Strategy and Dictionary Instruction in an Undergraduate Foreign Language Reading Comprehension Group
Authors: Lopera Medina Sergio Alonso 
Published: July 2019

This article reports the effects of the integration of dictionary use and the reading strategy approach in a foreign language reading comprehension course. A case study was used as a research method, and three instruments helped gather data: a reading comprehension test, field notes, and an interview. Fifteen undergraduate students from a public university in Medellin, Colombia, participated in the study. Improvement in reading, metacognitive awareness, and selective use of dictionary were found as part of positive effects. In contrast, tiredness appears to be as the negative effect. Conclusions suggest that both the reading strategy approach and the selective use of dictionary are a good combination to integrate into a foreign language reading course.
Evaluation of Light Curing Units and Dentists’ Knowledge About Photo Polymerization Techniques in Sulaimani Governmental Dental Clinics
Authors: Mahmood Mohammed , Faraj Bestoon 
Published: July 2019

Objective: To measure the output intensity of light curing units (LCU) in governmental dental clinics of the Sulaimani governorate. To evaluate practitioners’ knowledge on light cure application.
Methods: Ninety-four dental units and eighty-eight dentists in the Sulaimani governorate were included in this research. Output intensity and diameter of tips of the dental LCU devices were measured. Two survey questionnaires were filled, one for the LCU and its maintenance, the other for evaluating the knowledge, attitude, and practice of the dentists.
Results: Output power intensity results ranged from 50-2000W, with an average of 993W. The output intensity of 78% of the tested devices was found to be acceptable regarding the manufacturer instruction of the radiometers used (every intensity below the given range that given in the Result section is regarded as unusable or non-acceptable). The range of age in service of the devices was 1-12 years with a mean of 4.7 years. The average restorations performed in a week by a device was 17.8. Dentists had poor knowledge, attitude, and practice towards the maintenance of the LCU devices. 51% of the dentists were quite satisfied with the devices. 48.9% of the dentists reported that they don’t have an idea of LCU intensity.
Conclusions: Devices should be checked regularly for output intensity, light bulb efficiency, and composite build up. Dentists express poor knowledge, maintenance, and attitude toward LCUs. Educational programs are advisable and recommended.
Generating Drift‐Free, Consistent, and Perfectly Spectrum‐Compatible Time Histories
Authors: Yang Lanlan , Xie Wei‐Chau , Xu Weiya , Ly Binh‐Le 
Published: July 2019

AbstractThe focus of this article is on generating spectrum‐compatible acceleration, velocity, and displacement time histories for seismic analysis and design of engineering structures. If a generated acceleration time history is integrated to obtain the corresponding velocity and displacement time histories, it has been found that there are usually drifts in the resulting processes. Such drifts are due to overdeterminacy in the constants of integration. Baseline correction, although widely used, is not a suitable remedial measure to remove drift because it distorts the frequency content and renders the corrected processes no longer mutually consistent.The objective of this article is to develop an efficient and accurate method for generating drift‐free, consistent, and spectrum‐compatible time histories, which are essential properties for these time histories to be used as seismic input in time history analysis. To ensure drift‐free and consistent behavior, the eigenfunction method is applied to expand the time histories in eigenfunctions of a sixth‐order ordinary differential eigenvalue problem. The influence matrix method considering the influence of one frequency component on all others is capable of achieving perfect spectrum compatibility which has never been accomplished.
Pengaruh aktivitas fisik terhadap kapasitas memori kerja pada pelajar SMA
Authors: Rizvialdi Rizvialdi , Sidarta Nuryani 
Published: July 2019

LATAR BELAKANG
Memori Kerja merupakan salah satu bagian dari fungsi eksekutif otak yang dinilai sangat penting untuk menunjang kemampuan proses belajar siswa sekolah. Penelitian menunjukan bahwa prevalensi anak dengan kapasitas memori kerja yang rendah adalah sekitar 15%, dan 80% anak tersebut mengalami kesulitan akademik. Hasil penelitian menunjukan hubungan kuat antara aktivitas fisik dengan fungsi kognitif otak, terutama memori kerja. Penelitian lain memperlihatkan korelasi lemah antara aktivitas fisik dengan fungsi kognitif otak. Oleh karena itu, peneliti ingin melihat kembali hubungan antara aktivitas fisik dengan kemampuan memori kerja khususnya siswa SMA di Jakarta
METODE
Penelitian ini menggunakan studi analitik observasional dengan desain cross-sectional (potong-silang). Teknik pengambilan sampel pada penelitian ini menggunakan teknik non random consecutive sampling yang melibatkan siswa SMAN 54 Jakarta. Jumlah responden yang didapat adalah sebanyak 56 siswa. Pengambilan data menggunakan instrumen kuesioner IPAQ untuk intensitas dan frekuensi aktivitas fisik serta WISC-IV mengukur indeks memori kerja. Analisis data dilakukan dengan uji korelasi Gamma.
HASIL
Terdapat korelasi antara intensitas aktvitas fisik dengan indeks memori kerja (r=0.487; p=0.023). Selain itu juga terdapat hubungan antara frekuensi aktivitas fisik dengan indeks memori kerja (r=0.220; p=0.458).
KESIMPULAN
Terdapat korelasi positif antara intensitas aktivitas fisik dan kemampuan memori kerja pada pelajar SMA. Hal ini berarti bahwa semakin tinggi intensitas aktifitas fisik yang dilakukan oleh seorang siswa maka semakin tinggi pula kemampuan memori siswa tersebut.
Study of clinical efficacy, safety and tolerability of low cost branded generic antiepileptic drugs in children and adolescents
Authors: Parekh Neha Vijay , George Ruth Susan , Dharmadhikari Adhiraj , Srivastava Kavita , Panda Bijoy Kumar 
Published: July 2019

Background: Generic substitution is preferred to reduce healthcare costs and improve patient adherence. The review of literature showed that physicians all around the world were not comfortable in prescribing generic medications due to the lack of evidence on their safety and efficacy.Methods: A prospective study was conducted over a period of one year in Pune. The patients were categorized on their age and were assessed for the clinical effectiveness data (no. of breakthrough seizures and seizure free days) and safety data (no. of ADR episodes). The mean number of patients controlled and the frequency of adverse events at the 3rd and 6th month were calculated.Results: Authors assessed 150 newly diagnosed pediatric epileptic patients who received anti-epileptic drug monotherapy for at least 6 months, out of which 46 (30.66%) received Oxcarbazepine and 104 (69.33%) received Sodium Valproate. At the end of 3 months of therapy 140 (93.33%) patients were seizure free and 145 (96.66%) patients were seizure free at the end of 6 months. Adverse effects were observed in 14 (30.43) patients on oxcarbazepine and 26 (25%) patients on sodium valproate. The most common adverse effect was weight gain in 34 (22.66%) patients with both the AEDs.Conclusions: Seizure control was achieved in majority of the patients. In addition to the seizure control, the frequency of adverse effects was few and tolerable by the patients when prescribed with low cost branded generics.