bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
In silico prediction of structural changes in human papillomavirus type 16 (HPV16) E6 oncoprotein and its variants
Authors: Rodríguez-Ruiz Hugo Alberto , Garibay-Cerdenares Olga Lilia , Illades-Aguiar Berenice , Montaño Sarita , Jiang Xiaowei , Leyva-Vázquez Marco Antonio 
Published: August 2019

Abstract

Background
HPV16 infection is one of the main risk factors involved in the development of cervical cancer, mainly due to the high oncogenic potential of the viral proteins E6 and E7, which are involved in the different processes of malignant transformation. There is a broad spectrum of intratypical variation of E6, which is reflected in its high diversity, biological behavior, global distribution and risk of causing cervical cancer. Experimental studies have shown that the intratypical variants of the protein E6 from the European variants (E-G350, E-A176/G350, E-C188/G350) and Asian-American variants (AAa and AAc), are capable of inducing the differential expression of genes involved in the development of cervical cancer.

Results
An in silico analysis was performed to characterize the molecular effects of these variations using the structure of the HPV16 E6 oncoprotein (PDB: 4XR8; chain H) as a template. In particular, we evaluated the 3D structures of the intratypical variants by structural alignment, ERRAT, Ramachandran plots and prediction of protein disorder, which was further validated by molecular dynamics simulations. Our results, in general, showed no significant changes in the protein 3D structure. However, we observed subtle changes in protein physicochemical features and structural disorder in the N- and C-termini.

Conclusions
Our results showed that mutations in the viral oncogene E6 of six high-risk HPV16 variants are effectively neutral and do not cause significant structural changes except slight variations of structural disorder. As structural disorder is involved in rewiring protein-protein interactions, these results suggest a differential pattern of interaction of E6 with the target protein P53 and possibly different patterns of tumor aggressiveness associated with certain types of variants of the E6 oncoprotein.
Peglated-H1/pHGFK1 nanoparticles enhance anti-tumor effects of sorafenib by inhibition of drug-induced autophagy and stemness in renal cell carcinoma
Authors: Gao Xiaoge , Jiang Pin , Zhang Qian , Liu Qian , Jiang Shuangshuang , Liu Ling , Guo Maomao , Cheng Qian , Zheng Junnian , Yao Hong 
Published: August 2019

Abstract
Background
Tumor targeting small molecular inhibitors are the most popular treatments for many malignant diseases, including cancer. However, the lower clinical response and drug resistance still limit their clinical efficacies. HGFK1, the first kringle domain of hepatocyte growth factor, has been defined as a potent anti-angiogenic factor. Here, we aimed to develop and identify novel nanoparticles—PH1/pHGFK1 as potential therapeutic agents for the treatment of renal cell carcinoma (RCC).

Methods
We produced a novel cationic polymer—PH1 and investigated the anti-tumor activity of PH1/pHGFK1 nanoparticle alone and its combination therapy with sorafenib in RCC cell line xenografted mice model. Then, we figured out its molecular mechanisms in human RCC cell lines in vitro.

Results
We firstly demonstrated that intravenous injection of PH1/pHGFK1 nanoparticles significantly inhibited tumor growth and prolonged the survival time of tumor-bearing mice, as well as synergistically enhanced anti-tumor activities of sorafenib. Furthermore, we elucidated that recombinant HGFK1 improved sorafenib-induced cell apoptosis and arrested cell cycle. In addition, HGFK1 could also decrease sorafenib-induced autophagy and stemness via blockading NF-κB signaling pathway in RCC both in vitro and in vivo.

Conclusions
HGFK1 could inhibit tumor growth, synergistically enhance anti-tumor activities of sorafenib and reverse its drug resistance evolution in RCC. Our results provide rational basis for clinical application of sorafenib and HGFK1 combination therapy in RCC patients.
Enzymatic potential and biosurfactant production by endophytic fungi from mangrove forest in Southeastern Brazil
Authors: Martinho Vivian , dos Santos Lima Lidiane Maria , Barros Caroline Almeida , Ferrari Vitor Baptista , Passarini Michel Rodrigo Zambrano , Santos Leonardo André , de Souza Sebastianes Fernanda Luisa , Lacava Paulo Teixeira , de Vasconcellos Suzan Pantaroto 
Published: August 2019

AbstractMicrobial activity is the main route for cycling mangrove nutrients. In general, microorganisms have abilities to degrade lignocellulosic compounds. Among the biotechnological potential of the microbiota from mangroves, it is noteworthy about endophytic fungi, which can be considered as effective sources of different bioactive compounds. In this sense, thirty (30) endophytic fungi were isolated from mangrove forest sampling Cananeia, SP, Brazil. These microorganisms were analyzed about their enzymatic activities including: lignin peroxidase EC 1.11.1.14, manganese peroxidase EC 1.11.1.13 and laccase EC 1.10.3.2, as well endo-cellulase EC 3.2.1.4 and endo-xylanase EC 3.2.1.8. Besides that, production of bioactive secondary metabolites like biosurfactant and/or bioemulsifier was also investigated. As results, nineteen (19) isolates were selected about their ligninolytic abilities, nine (9) of them about cellulase activity and thirteen (13) showed xylanase abilities. The fungal isolate named as 3(3), characterized as Fusarium sambucinum, showed a prominent lignin peroxidase (42.4 U L−1) and manganese peroxidase (23.6 U L−1) activities. The isolate 63.1, also related to Fusarium sp. genera, was selected about its laccase activity (41.5 U L−1). From all the investigated fungi, the isolate 47(4) Trichoderma camerunense was selected about its cellulolytic and xylanolytic activities, showing 45.23 and 26.09 U mL−1, respectively. The same fungi also showed biosurfactant ability demonstrated by superficial tension decreasing to 38 mN/m. In addition, fifteen (15) fungi exhibited bioemulsifier activity, with E24 values up to 62.8%.
Kinesin-8 and Dis1/TOG collaborate to limit spindle elongation from prophase to anaphase A for proper chromosome segregation in fission yeast
Authors: Pinder Corinne , Matsuo Yuzy , Maurer Sebastian P. , Toda Takashi 
Published: August 2019

ABSTRACT
High-fidelity chromosome segregation relies on proper microtubule regulation. Kinesin-8 has been shown to destabilise microtubules to reduce metaphase spindle length and chromosome movements in multiple species. XMAP215/chTOG polymerases catalyse microtubule growth for spindle assembly, elongation and kinetochore-microtubule attachment. Understanding of their biochemical activity has advanced, but little work directly addresses the functionality and interplay of these conserved factors. We utilised the synthetic lethality of fission yeast kinesin-8 (Klp5-Klp6) and XMAP215/chTOG (Dis1) to study their individual and overlapping roles. We found that the non-motor kinesin-8 tailbox is essential for mitotic function; mutation compromises plus-end-directed processivity. Klp5-Klp6 induces catastrophes to control microtubule length and, surprisingly, Dis1 collaborates with kinesin-8 to slow spindle elongation. Together, they enforce a maximum spindle length for a viable metaphase–anaphase transition and limit elongation during anaphase A to prevent lagging chromatids. Our work provides mechanistic insight into how kinesin-8 negatively regulates microtubules and how this functionally overlaps with Dis1 and highlights the importance of spindle length control in mitosis.
Aerobic Recovery after Radical Prostatectomy: A Case Study
Authors: SWAIN DAVID P. , WYNNE JAISON L. , WILSON PATRICK B. 
Published: August 2019

ABSTRACT

Purpose
This case study examined the recovery after radical prostatectomy (RP) of an endurance-trained 65-yr-old man.

Methods
A maximal incremental exercise test and a 1-h steady-state test were performed just before and 3 months after robotic RP to determine maximal oxygen consumption (V˙O2max) and other cardiorespiratory variables. The patient recorded his training as he prepared for an endurance event that was to occur 3 months after RP, the Norwegian Foot March, a 30-km road march carrying 11.4 kg.

Results
In the month before RP, the patient performed 2 to 3 h of vigorous-intensity aerobic exercise per week, fast walking carrying an 11.4-kg pack, with the longest individual session being a 16-km road march. Just before surgery, V˙O2max was 36.7 mL·min−1·kg−1, HR during 30 min at 7.2 km·h−1 and 0% grade was 77% of HR reserve (HRR), and during 30 min at 5.3 km·h−1 and 10% grade was 92% HRR. On postsurgery day 44, he did a 19-km road march carrying 11.4 kg, exceeding the training level of the month presurgery. Three months postsurgery, V˙O2max was 42.7 mL·min−1·kg−1, and HR during the flat and uphill 30-min sessions at the same absolute intensity as presurgery were 70% and 83% HRR, respectively. He completed the Norwegian Foot March 93 d postsurgery in 4:24:37, with an average HR of 72% HRR.

Conclusions
This case study demonstrates that an aerobically trained prostate cancer patient can return to high-level aerobic training in as little as 7 wk post-RP, and even exceed presurgery fitness. This finding has implications for prognosis given the beneficial effect of vigorous-intensity exercise on prostate cancer progression.
Growth performance and survival rate of Portunus pelagicus (Linnaeus, 1758) broodstock females fed varying doses of amaranth extracts
Authors: Efrizal Efrizal , Syam Zuhri , Rusnam Rusnam , Suryati Suryati 
Published: August 2019

Background: Formulated diets made from food waste enriched with amaranth extract largely determine the level of softshell crab production. The study was carried out to analyze the growth performance and survival rate of blue swimming crab Portunus pelagicus (Linnaeus, 1758) broodstock females fed formulated diets with different doses of amaranth extracts. Methods: The female crab samples were collected from the coastal region of Padang, West Sumatra. The method used in this study was a completely randomized design, with four treatments and five replications of amaranth extract-enriched diets (0, 250, 500, and 750 ng/g crab). Results: The results show that the enrichment of the formulated diet with amaranth extracts significantly affected (P < 0.05) the absolute weight gain (AWG), carapace length (ACL), and carapace width (ACW). Conclusions: A quadratic relationship existed between the amaranth extract dose in the formulated diet and the AWG, ACL and ACW.
Performance of Lipoarabinomannan Assay using Cerebrospinal fluid for the diagnosis of Tuberculous meningitis among HIV patients
Authors: Kwizera Richard , Cresswell Fiona V. , Mugumya Gerald , Okirwoth Micheal , Kagimu Enock , Bangdiwala Ananta S. , Williams Darlisha A. , Rhein Joshua , Boulware David R. , Meya David B. 
Published: August 2019

Background: The diagnostic utility of the Mycobacteria tuberculosis lipoarabinomannan (TB-LAM) antigen lateral flow assay on cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) for the diagnosis of tuberculous meningitis (TBM) has not been extensively studied and the few published studies have conflicting results. Methods: Lumbar CSF from 59 HIV-positive patients with suspected TBM was tested with TB-LAM and Xpert MTB/Rif Ultra. The diagnostic performance of CSF TB-LAM was compared to positive CSF Xpert MTB/Rif Ultra (definite TBM) and a composite reference of probable or definite TBM according to the uniform case definition. Results: Of 59 subjects, 12 (20%) had definite TBM and five (9%) had probable TBM. With reference to definite TBM, CSF TB-LAM assay had a diagnostic sensitivity of 33% and specificity of 96%. When compared to a composite reference of definite or probable TBM, the sensitivity was 24% and specificity was 95%. There were two false positive tests with TB-LAM (3+ grade). In-hospital mortality in CSF TB-LAM positive patients was 17% compared to 0% in those with definite TBM by Xpert MTB/Rif Ultra but negative LAM. Conclusions: Lumbar CSF TB-LAM has a poor performance in diagnosing TBM. Both urine TB-LAM and Xpert Ultra should be further investigated in the diagnosis of TBM.
Review of medical waste management in Jordanian health care organisations
Authors: Al-Momani Hesham , Obaidat Mazen , Khazaleh Atif , Muneizel Osama , Afyouni Nour M , Fayyad Sayel M 
Published: August 2019

Background/Aims Medical waste, or clinical waste, is generated in hospitals, clinics, and pharmaceutical manufacturing as a result of the diagnosis, treatment and medicine that is being produced across the healthcare system. This waste can have a severe effect on both the environment and population health. Overall, between 75% and 90% of the waste produced by healthcare providers is non-risk general waste or domestic waste. It is therefore mandatory for healthcare organisations to have an effective medical waste management plan to eliminate real health and environmental hazards. Methods This article critically reviews literature that investigates the administrative procedures and collection protocols regarding medical waste. Results Several problems occur during the disposal of medical waste in hospitals in Jordan. The research demonstrates how effective waste management can reduce health risks and protect the environment. Conclusion Overall, there is a poor handling of medical waste, which extends to a lack of regulations that govern medical waste procedure.
Guará Rodrigues: a trajetória cinematográfica de um ator-autor
Authors: Duarte Theo Costa 
Published: August 2019

Ao longo de mais de 40 anos de carreira como ator no cinema, Guaracy Rodrigues (1943-2006) teve em geral apenas pequenas papeis o que não o impediu de ser um possível co-autor das sequências em que interveio, alterando frequentemente o próprio registro dramático dos filmes em razão de sua presença em cena. Neste artigo pretende-se analisar a trajetória cinematográfica de Guará, como era mais conhecido, observando as constantes gestuais, físicas e formais que o singularizaram no panorama do cinema brasileiro e pelas quais seria constantemente chamado para colocar em cena.
Restricted Unilateral Ankle Dorsiflexion Movement Increases Interlimb Vertical Force Asymmetries in Bilateral Bodyweight Squatting
Authors: Crowe Martyn A. , Bampouras Theodoros M. , Walker‐Small Katie , Howe Louis P. 
Published: August 2019

Abstract
Crowe, MA, Bampouras, TM, Small, K, and Howe, LP. Restricted unilateral ankle dorsiflexion movement increases interlimb vertical force asymmetries in bilateral bodyweight squatting. J Strength Cond Res 34(2): 332–336, 2020—The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of unilateral restrictions in ankle-dorsiflexion range of motion (DF-ROM) on interlimb vertical ground reaction force (vGRF) asymmetries. Twenty healthy and physically active volunteers (age 23 ± 3 years; height 1.72 ± 0.1 m; mass 74.9 ± 20.3 kg) performed 3 barefoot bodyweight squats (control condition) and with a 10° custom-built forefoot wedge under the right foot to artificially imitate ankle DF-ROM restriction (wedge condition). Force data were used to calculate the mean asymmetry index score for the upper descent phase, lower descent phase, lower ascent phase, and upper ascent phase during the bilateral squat. Significant differences were found for comparisons for each phase between conditions, with effect sizes ranging between 0.7 and 1.1. Asymmetry index scores indicated that for all phases, the unrestricted limb in the wedge condition produced greater vGRF. Therefore, interlimb differences in ankle DF-ROM can cause interlimb asymmetries in vGRF during bilateral squatting. As such, athletes with asymmetrical squat mechanics should be screened for interlimb differences in ankle DF-ROM to ascertain whether it is a contributing factor.
Postinjury Inhibition of miR-181a Promotes Restoration of Hippocampal CA1 Neurons after Transient Forebrain Ischemia in Rats
Authors: Griffiths Brian B. , Ouyang Yi-Bing , Xu Lijun , Sun Xiaoyun , Giffard Rona G. , Stary Creed M. 
Published: August 2019

AbstractThe cellular and molecular mechanisms regulating postinjury neurogenesis in the adult hippocampus remain undefined. We have previously demonstrated that preinjury treatment with anti-microRNA (miR)-181a preserved neurons and prevented astrocyte dysfunction in the hippocampal cornu ammonis-1 (CA1) following transient forebrain ischemia. In the present study, we assessed postinjury treatment with anti-miR-181a on recovery of CA1 neurons following transient forebrain ischemia in rats. Stereotactic CA1 injection of miR-181a antagomir at either 2 h or 7 d postinjury resulted in improved restoration of CA1 measured at 28 d postinjury. Treatment with antagomir was associated with overexpression of the mir-181a target cell adhesion-associated, oncogene-related protein and enhanced expression of the neuroprogenitor cell marker doublecortin (DCX) in the CA1. Assessment of GFAP+cell fate by Cre/Lox-mediated deletion demonstrated that some GFAP+cells in CA1 exhibitedde novoDCX expression in response to injury.In vitroexperiments using primary neuronal stem cells confirmed that miR-181a inhibition augmented the expression of DCX and directed cellular differentiation toward a neuronal fate. These results suggest that miR-181a inhibition plays a central role in the restoration of CA1 neurons via augmentation of early latent neurogenic gene activation in neural progenitor cells, including some reactive astrocytes. Therapeutic interventions targeting this restorative process may represent a novel postinjury approach to improve clinical outcomes in survivors of forebrain ischemia.
Learning Desire Is Predicted by Similar Neural Processing of Naturalistic Educational Materials
Authors: Zhu (朱怡) Yi , Pan (潘亚峰) Yafeng , Hu (胡谊) Yi 
Published: August 2019

AbstractNaturalistic stimuli can elicit highly similar brain activity across viewers. How do naturalistic educational materials engage human brains and evoke learning desire? Here, we presented 15 audiovisual course clips (each lasting ∼120 s) to university students and recorded their neural activity through electroencephalography. Upon finishing all the video viewings, subjects ranked 15 courses in order of learning desire and reported the reasons for high learning desire (i.e., “value” and “interest”). The brain activity during the video viewing was measured as the neural similarity via intersubject correlation (ISC), that is, correlation between each subject’s neural responses and those of others. Based on averaged learning desire rankings across subjects, course clips were classified with high versus medium versus low motivational effectiveness. We found that the ISC of high effective course clips was larger than that of low effective ones. The ISC difference (high vs low) was positively associated with subjects’ learning desire difference (high vs low). Such an association occurred when viewing time accumulated to ∼80 s. Moreover, ISC was correlated with “interest-based” rather than “value-based” learning desire. These findings advance our understanding of learning motivation via the neural similarity in the context of on-line education and provide potential neurophysiological suggestions for pedagogical practices.
Long-Distance Axon Regeneration Promotes Recovery of Diaphragmatic Respiratory Function after Spinal Cord Injury
Authors: Urban Mark W. , Ghosh Biswarup , Block Cole G. , Strojny Laura R. , Charsar Brittany A. , Goulão Miguel , Komaravolu Sreeya S. , Smith George M. , Wright Megan C. , Li Shuxin , Lepore Angelo C. 
Published: August 2019

AbstractCompromise in inspiratory breathing following cervical spinal cord injury (SCI) is caused by damage to descending bulbospinal axons originating in the rostral ventral respiratory group (rVRG) and consequent denervation and silencing of phrenic motor neurons (PhMNs) that directly control diaphragm activation. In a rat model of high-cervical hemisection SCI, we performed systemic administration of an antagonist peptide directed against phosphatase and tensin homolog (PTEN), a central inhibitor of neuron-intrinsic axon growth potential. PTEN antagonist peptide (PAP4) robustly restored diaphragm function, as determined with electromyography (EMG) recordings in living SCI animals. PAP4 promoted substantial, long-distance regeneration of injured rVRG axons through the lesion and back toward PhMNs located throughout the C3–C5 spinal cord. These regrowing rVRG axons also formed putative excitatory synaptic connections with PhMNs, demonstrating reconnection of rVRG-PhMN-diaphragm circuitry. Lastly, re-lesion through the hemisection site completely ablated functional recovery induced by PAP4. Collectively, our findings demonstrate that axon regeneration in response to systemic PAP4 administration promoted recovery of diaphragmatic respiratory function after cervical SCI.
Remote Postischemic Conditioning Promotes Stroke Recovery by Shifting Circulating Monocytes to CCR2+Proinflammatory Subset
Authors: Yang Jiwon , Balkaya Mustafa , Beltran Cesar , Heo Ji Hoe , Cho Sunghee 
Published: August 2019

Brain injury from stroke is typically considered an event exclusive to the CNS, but injury progression and repair processes are profoundly influenced by peripheral immunity. Stroke stimulates an acute inflammatory response that results in a massive infiltration of peripheral immune cells into the ischemic area. While these cells contribute to the development of brain injury, their recruitment has been considered as a key step for tissue repair. The paradoxical role of inflammatory monocytes in stroke raises the possibility that the manipulation of peripheral immune cells before infiltration into the brain could influence stroke outcome. One such manipulation is remote ischemic limb conditioning (RLC), which triggers an endogenous tolerance mechanism. We observed that mice subjected to poststroke RLC shifted circulating monocytes to a CCR2+proinflammatory monocyte subset and had reduced acute brain injury, swelling, and improved motor/gait function in chronic stroke. The RLC benefits were observed regardless of injury severity, with a greater shift to a CCR2+subset in severe stroke. Adoptive transfer of CCR2-deficient monocytes abolished RLC-mediated protection. The study demonstrates the importance of RLC-induced shift of monocytes to a CCR2+proinflammatory subset in attenuating acute injury and promoting functional recovery in chronic stroke. The defined immune-mediated mechanism underlying RLC benefits allows for an evidence-based framework for the development of immune-based therapeutic strategies for stroke patients.SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENTStroke is the leading cause of physical disability worldwide but has few treatment options for patients. Because remote ischemic limb conditioning (RLC) elicits endogenous tolerance in neither an organ- nor a tissue-specific manner, the immune system has been considered a mediator for an RLC-related benefit. Application of RLC after stroke increased a proinflammatory CCR2+monocyte subset in the blood and the brain. RLC reduced acute stroke injury and promoted motor/gait function during the recovery phase. The RLC benefits were absent in mice that received CCR2-deficient monocytes. This preclinical study shows the importance of CCR2+proinflammatory monocytes in RLC benefits in stroke and provides a therapeutic RLC platform as a novel immune strategy to improve outcomes in stroke patients.