bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Towards Reproducible Machine Learning-Based Process Monitoring and Quality Prediction Research for Additive Manufacturing
Authors: Xie Jiarui , Safdar Mutahar , Romascanu Andrei Mircea , Lu Yan , Ko Hyunwoong , Yang Zhuo , Zhao Yaoyao Fiona 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
Machine learning (ML)-based monitoring systems have been extensively developed to enhance the print quality of additive manufacturing (AM). In-situ and in-process data acquired using sensors can be used to train ML models that detect process anomalies, predict part quality, and adjust process parameters. However, the reproducibility of the proposed AM monitoring systems has not been investigated. There has not been a method to evaluate and improve reproducibility in the joint domain of AM and ML. Consequently, some crucial information for reproducing the research is usually missing from the publications; thus, systems reproduced based on the publications often cannot achieve the claimed performance. This paper establishes the definition of reproducibility in this domain, proposes a reproducibility investigation pipeline, and composes a reproducibility checklist. A research is reproducible if a performance comparable to the original research can be obtained when reproduced by a different team using a different experiment setup. The reproducibility investigation pipeline sequentially guides the readers through all the necessary reproduction steps, during which the reproducibility checklist will help extract the reproducibility information from the publication. A case study that reproduced a vision-based warping detection system demonstrated the usage and validated the efficacy of the proposed pipeline and checklist. It has been observed that the reproducibility checklist can help the authors verify that all the information critical to reproducibility is provided in the publications. The investigation pipeline can help identify the missing reproducibility information, which should be acquired from the original authors to achieve the claimed performance.
Lidar-Readable Rotational Barcodes As Digital Traffic Signs
Authors: Galloway Kevin S. 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
We describe a method for encoding binary messages in a traffic infrastructure using specially designed rotating targets with barcode-like retroreflective characteristics which encode the data in reflected Lidar intensity patterns. These Lidar-readable Rotational Barcodes can be installed as elements of a traffic infrastructure for Infrastructure to Vehicle (ITV) signaling, and they can also be installed on vehicles to provide identification (e.g. for an emergency vehicle) or function for Vehicle to Vehicle (VTV) signaling. Since many self-driving vehicles already use Lidar for mapping the surrounding location and avoiding other vehicles and obstacles, our approach does not require any additional equipment on the vehicles themselves. The paper begins with a description of the the physical construction and operation of a Lidar-readable Rotational Barcode. We then develop a two-stage detection algorithm based on windowed standard deviation of the reflected Lidar intensity followed by comparison with neighboring bearings. Finally, a decoding algorithm is described that first implements median filtering and compensates for an “edge effect” before making an optimal assignment of bit numbers to bar widths. We give details of a proof-of-concept experimental setup and outline the results of our detection and decoding algorithms on data gathered by a Lidar-equipped wheeled robot in a lab environment.
Cornering Characteristics of a Passenger Car Tire Using Finite Element Analysis
Authors: Fathi Haniyeh , El-Sayegh Zeinab , Ren Jing 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
This paper delves into the cornering characteristics of a passenger car tire on a hard surface across diverse operating conditions. Specifically, it employs finite element analysis to model a 235/55R19 passenger car tire, utilizing multiple layers to simulate the tread, sidewall, cap ply, beads, rim, and carcass. The Mooney-Rivlin material model is utilized to accurately capture the hyperelastic behavior of the tire rubber compound. To ensure precision, the tire model undergoes rigorous verification in both static and dynamic scenarios against manufacturer-provided data. Verification includes assessing longitudinal, lateral, and vertical stiffness, alongside the first mode of vibration. Subsequently, the verified tire model is employed to explore the dynamics of tire-road interaction during cornering maneuvers. This investigation encompasses varying operating conditions such as vertical load (3 kN, 5 kN, and 8 kN), inflation pressure (172 kPa, 228 kPa, 352 kPa), and slip angles (ranging from 0 to 12 degrees). Moreover, the effect of high speed was captured on the cornering stiffness and cornering force. It concluded that the cornering force is very sensitive to the vertical load at large slip angles (higher than 4 degrees). Moreover, it was investigated that the cornering stiffness value is directly affected by the inflation pressure. The outcomes of this research are anticipated to yield valuable insights into the analysis of passenger car tire-road interaction, with implications for further testing and refinement of rubber compound material models.
Crack the Code: Impact of Engineering Design Prompt Objective and Linguistic Characteristics on Understanding and Creativity Perceptions of Students
Authors: Peng Aoran , Johnson Dan , Miller Scarlett R. 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
The current engineering education places a heavy emphasis on fostering creative and innovative problem-solving skills of students. One of the crucial factors of the creative design process that is linked to students’ creative outputs is the design prompt they receive. More specifically, it was found that slight variations in the design prompt, or whether the design prompt is easy to understand can significantly influence the students’ performance. However, the construction of design prompts, which is a crucial component of a design project, has received relatively little attention when compared with research on other steps of the design process. Therefore, the current work seeks to contribute to this gap in research by exploring 45 design prompts at their objective and text level using linguistic characteristics to investigate what could influence students’ perception of its readability and creativity. The results of this study show that at the text level, the overall objective only differed significantly in terms of word prevalence. The three objective groups studied here varied minimally in terms of their understandability and creativity perception. Finally, it was found that both the objective and the linguistic characteristics were unable to predict the percentage of people in each answer category for understandability and creativity. These results contribute towards understanding the construction of design prompts, as well as pointing out additional areas of future research in this area.
Analytical Investigation of Electromechanically Coupled Hierarchical Metamaterials for Simultaneous Vibration Attenuation and Energy Harvesting
Authors: Mebrat Ashenafi , LeGrande Joshua , Barry Oumar 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
Recent work has revealed the great value of electromechanical resonators for energy harvesting and bandgap tuning in metamaterials. However, thus far there have not been any studies of hierarchically configured resonators for energy harvesting. This work presents a theoretical study of electromechanically coupled resonator-based hierarchical metamaterials, focusing on zero-order, first-order outward, and first-order inward configurations. The study investigates the impact of integrating resistor shunt circuits on the band structure under weak and strong coupling conditions. Additionally, it explores the influence of variations in local resonator mass on the vibration attenuation and energy harvesting capability of the configurations. The dispersion relations are determined for each configuration with varying system parameters. Furthermore, the transmissibility frequency response functions are presented to observe vibration reduction and energy harvesting capability. The results reveal that a hierarchical design offers enhanced flexibility in tailoring the band structure and stronger vibration attenuation and energy harvesting. As the hierarchy level increases, there is a corresponding increase in the number of passbands. However, it’s noteworthy that weak electromechanical coupling does not influence the band structure across all hierarchy levels, while strong coupling does. Compared to the zero-order configuration’s baseline performance, both the outward and inward configurations exhibit superior abilities in vibration suppression and energy harvesting when the total system mass is constant. Results given here may be used for the optimal design of hierarchically configured energy harvesters.
Topology Optimization of Electronic Line Using Computer Aided Engineering Software
Authors: Miura Kotaro , Kudo Hiromu , Sasagawa Kazuhiko , Fujisaki Kazuhiro 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
In this study, we performed topology optimization of electronic lines to search structures for efficient electronic property using computer aided engineering (CAE) software. The general-purpose solver in CAE supports various physical problems, such as structure, heat, electricity, and fluids. Many CAE software have also a feature of topology optimization. However, the optimization function has limitations regarding the physical problems, materials, and objective functions that can be applied. Therefore, in this study, a topology optimization program was independently developed within the CAE software.
We considered a fundamental optimization problem as a milestone toward the final purpose of finding the optimal interconnect structure that prevents line failure due to electromigration (EM). By analogy with the basic objective function of the structure optimization problem, which is mean compliance, the optimization problem for the steady-state electronic current analysis was formulated to minimize the sum of the products of the nodal potential and the input nodal electronic current. The developed program in CAE software was applied to two different geometry models. The optimized configurations showed the material placement that connects the fixed potential part and the input nodal electronic current part in the shortest possible way.
High-Precision Thermal Characterization of Ultra-Low Thermal Resistance Copper Nano-Wire (CuNWs)-Polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) Composite Thermal Interface Materials (TIMs) Tape
Authors: Jiang Kaiying , Kwon Heungdong , Qiao Hansen , He Yini , Asheghi Mehdi , Goodson Kenneth E. 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
This work details high-precision thermal characterization of CuNWs-PDMS composite TIMs using infrared (IR) cross-sectional microscopy. To enhance measurement sensitivity and to reduce the thermal resistances across TIM tester components and sample, we apply thin layers of high thermal conductivity gallium-based liquid metal (LM) to reduce the dry contact thermal interface resistances from ∼10−4 to 1.4 × 10−6 m2KW−1. Application of the LM in combination with a 1 mm thick silicon wafer as the reference layer, yields thermal resistance of ∼(3.23 ± 0.6) × 10−6 m2KW−1 for the CuNWs/PDMS composite. Theoretical analyses suggest the potential for achieving even lower thermal resistance values with optimized LM wetting thickness while the accuracy of the measurements can be further improved by pattering a heater on the backside of the 1 mm thick silicon reference substrate.
The Key Factors for Impedance Control in Embedded Trace Substrates
Authors: Zhuang Ming-Han , Lin Ho-Chuan , Shih Chih-Yuan , Kang Andrew , Wang Yu-Po 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
As the Peripheral Component Interconnect Express (PCIe) version advances, impedance control on the substrate within the IC package becomes increasingly important. In order to reduce production costs, the control IC of the solid-state hard disk (SSD) has recently changed the original use of the Bismaleimide Triazine (BT) substrate containing core layer materials to the embedded trace substrate (ETS) using coreless. Therefore, the impedance control of the PCIe signal on the ETS substrate will become critical. However, the substrate suppliers have no experience in impedance control on the ETS substrate. So, this paper will explore the key factors of ETS substrate impedance control.
Cooling Electronics by Direct Contact With Liquids
Authors: Abdelmessih Amanie N. , Delgado David F. , Lopez Ezry , Michael Nathaniel P. , Napierala Grant P. , Ramos Nicholas J. 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
Electronic components have reached such miniature sizes that numerous of these components can be mounted in a single module (less than 1 × 1 cm). Failure of these modules while in operation is attributed to thermal stresses caused by high heat fluxes. The objective is to find alternate higher efficiency method for cooling these electronics.
There is an abundance of research and applications based on air cooling by natural and/or forced convection. Cooling by indirect contact with liquids such as the use of cold plates, microchannel cooling, and heat pipes has been used for many applications. In addition, thermoelectric cooling has been utilized. Also, research has been reported on phase change materials cooling, spray cooling, jet impingement cooling, and droplet electrowetting. But not much work reported on cooling by using liquids in direct contact with electronics during their operation. Consequently, the objective of this article is to design and construct an apparatus to test electronic cooling via direct contact with liquids.
Properties of liquids researched, as well as the rational for choosing the electronics we tested are given in this article. Description of the testing apparatus with circuitry completely immersed in liquid while operating is discussed. In addition, short- and long-term tests were performed. Details of the tests and the results are discussed in this article.
Evolution of Non-PFAS Underfill Properties Under High-Temperature Storage and Hygrothermal Exposure
Authors: Lall Pradeep , Kasturi Madhu , Janowsky Leyton , Davis Edward 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
Per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances, or PFAS for short, are a class of synthetic chemicals that have been around since the 1940s and are used extensively in many different industries. Their distinct qualities, such as their resistance to heat, water, oil, and stains, make them valuable. Because of their extraordinary persistence in the environment, they are frequently referred to as “forever chemicals”. Since PFAS has been detected in water supplies, soil, and wildlife, they are difficult to remove from the environment and can build up in our bodies over time. They have also been connected to a number of health problems, including immune system disorders, developmental problems, and certain cancers. Stricter rules and the phase-out of PFAS in consumer goods and industrial processes are demanded by governments, regulatory bodies, and advocacy groups. In this paper, the effect of high-temperature storage at different temperatures and hygrothermal exposure at different conditions on the evolution of non-PFAS underfill properties is investigated. The samples are stored at high temperatures of between 100°C and 150°C and stored in a humidity chamber for moisture absorption at 60°C/60% RH and 85°C/85% RH conditions. The underfill samples are then tested using DMA (Dynamic Mechanical Analyzer) with a 3-point bend mode. The oxidation layer formed after exposing the samples to a harsh environment is investigated using Polarized Optical Microscopy.
Reliability of Direct Write Additively Printed Sustainable Flexible Circuitry With ECA Under Sustained High-Temperature Operation
Authors: Lall Pradeep , Sarwar Md Golam , Miller Scott 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
Companies are incorporating recycled materials, eco-friendly packaging, and energy-efficient designs to reduce their environmental footprint while maintaining performance and functionality. Direct write additive printing techniques have emerged as promising methods for fabricating sustainable electronics, offering advantages in terms of materials efficiency, design flexibility, and environmental friendliness. However, ensuring the reliability of these printed electronics under HTOL (High Temperature Operating Life) conditions remains a critical challenge. The HTOL test involves subjecting the device to temperatures significantly higher than its normal operating temperature. This elevated temperature accelerates the degradation processes within the device, allowing for quicker assessment of reliability. Identifying deficiencies in the current state of the art regarding the reliability of direct write additively printed sustainable flexible circuitry under HTOL conditions is crucial for guiding future development. The study focuses on evaluating the reliability of printed conductive traces and circuitry on sustainable, flexible substrates under sustained HTOL conditions. The morphology and microstructure of the conductive traces have also been studied using SEM and EDX. Insights from this research contribute to developing robust and environmentally friendly electronic devices suitable for a wide range of applications. Biodegradable polyethylene terephthalate (BPET) is used as substrate materials. The actual output of the printed circuitry before exposure to high temperature and during HTOL conditions is contrasted with the simulated performance of the circuit.
Abstract A039: A sensitive tool for the detection of RNA modifications in blood samples
Authors: Price Andrew , Miles Zachary , Purse Byron , Stengel Gudrun 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
The epitranscriptome is the set of chemical modifications applied naturally to RNA to regulate seemingly all aspects of its function, including splicing, translation initiation and fidelity, trafficking, RNA folding and stability, and transcript lifetime. Detecting RNA in blood reliably continues to be a challenge due to its labile nature, and detecting RNA modifications is an even greater challenge. For this reason, current liquid biopsy approaches concentrate on determining the mutational burden in cell-free DNA and do not harness the potential of cfRNA. In contrast to cfDNA, cfRNA is a biomarker for dynamic events that are known to occur at early stages of carcinogenesis, such as alterations to transcriptional profiles and other aspects of the regulatory state of cells. In many RNA species, the modification state is linked to the RNA lifecycle, thus providing important insights into cell state. For example, pre-miRNA is modified before miRNA maturation, tRNA cleavage is initiated by changes to the modification pattern and mRNA is decapped for storage in stress granules. AlidaBio is introducing the EpiPlex platform, an assay platform with an integrated bioinformatics solution that is designed for ultra-low RNA input and has been tested with blood samples. In addition to its sensitivity, the EpiPlex platform has the advantage of detecting multiple RNA modifications in the same reaction, enabling users to elucidate how RNA modifications act in concert to fine-tune RNA function. The approach uses targeted, multiplexed barcoding to reveal co-localization of modifications on the same molecule and to provide semi-quantitative data on mod abundance. This sensitive, multiplexed target detection has the potential to advance the field of RNA liquid biopsy with new biomarker discovery.
Citation Format: Andrew Price, Zachary Miles, Byron Purse, Gudrun Stengel. A sensitive tool for the detection of RNA modifications in blood samples [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the AACR Special Conference: Liquid Biopsy: From Discovery to Clinical Implementation; 2024 Nov 13-16; San Diego, CA. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Clin Cancer Res 2024;30(21_Suppl):Abstract nr A039.
Abstract A040: Using mitochondrial abundance in tumor-derived extracellular vesicles for pancreatic cancer screening
Authors: Sun Dali 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
Pancreatic cancer, marked by a high mortality rate and rising incidence, often goes undetected until advanced stages, complicating treatment. Tumor-derived extracellular vesicles (EVs) have emerged as promising cancer biomarkers due to their cargo from parent cells. However, current detection methods are often time-consuming, expensive, and complex. To overcome these challenges, we developed a screening assay for pancreatic cancer that uses the mitochondrial DNA to nuclear DNA ratio in tumor-derived EVs as a distinguishing feature. This assay combines immunoprecipitation with qPCR quantification for direct detection of tumor-derived EVs from serum, utilizing DNA-isolation-free techniques and duplexing probes for qPCR, thus saving at least 3 hours. Clinical sample testing demonstrated the assay's potential as a translational tool for cancer screening, showing a weak correlation with prognosis biomarkers and sufficient discriminatory power between healthy controls, pancreatitis, and pancreatic cancer cases.
Citation Format: Dali Sun. Using mitochondrial abundance in tumor-derived extracellular vesicles for pancreatic cancer screening [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the AACR Special Conference: Liquid Biopsy: From Discovery to Clinical Implementation; 2024 Nov 13-16; San Diego, CA. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Clin Cancer Res 2024;30(21_Suppl):Abstract nr A040.
Abstract B040: Cell-free DNA captures inter- and intra-patient heterogeneity in advanced bladder cancer
Authors: Schuster Samantha L , Itagi Pushpa , Arora Sonali , Galipeau Patricia C , Persse Thomas W , Yang Michael , Kreitman Allie , Min Alan , Vakar-Lopez Funda , Lee John K , Grivas Petros , Montgomery Robert B , Wright Jonathan L , Hsieh Andrew C , Lam Hung- Ming , Ha Gavin 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
Metastatic bladder cancer (BLCA) is an aggressive disease complicated by the emergence of variant histological subtypes. The UW/Fred Hutch metastatic BLCA rapid autopsy program is a first-of-its-kind program collecting cell-free DNA (cfDNA) and matched normal tissue, primary tumor, and metastatic tumor samples from advanced BLCA patients, with a focus on these variant subtype tumors. This dataset, consisting of 20 patients with up to five metastases per patient, is a unique opportunity to assess how cfDNA is able to capture heterogeneity across BLCA. We assessed both inter-patient heterogeneity between BLCA subtypes and inter-tumoral heterogeneity within each patient using epigenetic and genomic profiling. Using nucleosome profiling, we identified the activity of lineage markers and transcription factors that distinguish healthy individuals from BLCA patients, and between BLCA subtypes. Furthermore, we conducted a detailed analysis of whole genome (30X) and targeted (4,000X) cfDNA sequencing in their ability to capture the evolutionary history of tumor mutations. Detection of tumor mutations by cfDNA is highly dependent on clonality, with &gt;90% of founder tumor mutations captured by either sequencing method, while capture is decreased for either subclonal mutations or those private to a single metastasis. Importantly, deleterious mutations in BLCA driver genes had close to 100% detection using targeted panel sequencing, even for subclonal mutations. These findings lay the groundwork for the use of cfDNA in clinical BLCA decision-making, including tracking the emergence of pathogenic, targetable mutations and variant subtypes.
Citation Format: Samantha L Schuster, Pushpa Itagi, Sonali Arora, Patricia C Galipeau, Thomas W Persse, Michael Yang, Allie Kreitman, Alan Min, Funda Vakar-Lopez, John K Lee, Petros Grivas, Robert B Montgomery, Jonathan L Wright, Andrew C Hsieh, Hung- Ming Lam, Gavin Ha. Cell-free DNA captures inter- and intra-patient heterogeneity in advanced bladder cancer [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the AACR Special Conference: Liquid Biopsy: From Discovery to Clinical Implementation; 2024 Nov 13-16; San Diego, CA. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Clin Cancer Res 2024;30(21_Suppl):Abstract nr B040.