bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Misophonia in Children with Tic Disorders: A Case Series
Authors: Robinson Sally , Hedderly Tammy , Conte Giulia , Malik Osman , Cardona Francesco 
Published: March 2018

ABSTRACT:Objective:Misophonia is a condition characterized by the dislike or hatred (miso) of specific sounds (phonia) that results in an extreme emotional response. There has been growing interest in misophonia, with emerging evidence from neurodevelopmental populations and ongoing debate regarding the psychiatric classification and the mechanisms underlying this phenomenon. This is the first article to report on misophonic experiences and associated clinical characteristics in young people with tic disorders.Method:In this article, we present the cases of 12 children and young people with tic disorders who have attended clinics in the United Kingdom and Italy who report misophonia. Misophonia was classified as a selective aversive response in accordance with the criteria proposed by Schröder.Results:These cases support the view that a range of auditory stimuli may lead to negative/aversive emotional responses of varying degrees, with misophonia seeming to contribute to behavioral reactions. Among these, the most frequent was anger outbursts, followed by an increase in tics, trigger avoidance, repetition of the sound, and self-injurious behavior. No single treatment approach was effective, with some patients responding to cognitive behavioral therapies and others to pharmacological support.Conclusion:We postulate that misophonia could be an underestimated causative phenomenon for abrupt emotional dysregulation in individuals with tic disorders and should be considered as part of a comprehensive clinical assessment. This article presents findings of relevance to general discussions regarding the classification of misophonia, as well as the potential relationship between sensory abnormalities and the broader phenotype of tic disorders during development.
COMPARISON OF RETINAL PATHOLOGY VISUALIZATION IN MULTISPECTRAL SCANNING LASER IMAGING
Authors: Meshi Amit , Lin Tiezhu , Dans Kunny , Chen Kevin C. , Amador Manuel , Hasenstab Kyle , Muftuoglu Ilkay Kilic , Nudleman Eric , Chao Daniel , Bartsch Dirk-Uwe , Freeman William R. 
Published: March 2018

Purpose:
To compare retinal pathology visualization in multispectral scanning laser ophthalmoscope imaging between the Spectralis and Optos devices.

Methods:
This retrospective cross-sectional study included 42 eyes from 30 patients with age-related macular degeneration (19 eyes), diabetic retinopathy (10 eyes), and epiretinal membrane (13 eyes). All patients underwent retinal imaging with a color fundus camera (broad-spectrum white light), the Spectralis HRA-2 system (3-color monochromatic lasers), and the Optos P200 system (2-color monochromatic lasers). The Optos image was cropped to a similar size as the Spectralis image. Seven masked graders marked retinal pathologies in each image within a 5 × 5 grid that included the macula.

Results:
The average area with detected retinal pathology in all eyes was larger in the Spectralis images compared with Optos images (32.4% larger, P < 0.0001), mainly because of better visualization of epiretinal membrane and retinal hemorrhage. The average detection rate of age-related macular degeneration and diabetic retinopathy pathologies was similar across the three modalities, whereas epiretinal membrane detection rate was significantly higher in the Spectralis images.

Conclusion:
Spectralis tricolor multispectral scanning laser ophthalmoscope imaging had higher rate of pathology detection primarily because of better epiretinal membrane and retinal hemorrhage visualization compared with Optos bicolor multispectral scanning laser ophthalmoscope imaging.
OPTICAL COHERENCE TOMOGRAPHY ANGIOGRAPHY FINDINGS IN A CASE OF CHOROIDAL NEOVASCULARIZATION SECONDARY TO TRAUMATIC CHOROIDAL RUPTURE
Authors: Preziosa Chiara , Corvi Federico , Pellegrini Marco , Bochicchio Sara , Rosar Ana P. , Staurenghi Giovanni 
Published: March 2018

Background/Purpose:
To document by optical coherence tomography angiography, the onset of a choroidal neovascularization (CNV) secondary to traumatic choroidal rupture and describe its changes after an intravitreal injection of bevacizumab.

Methods:
Case report.

Results:
A 20-year-old woman presented referring vision loss after a blunt ocular trauma in her left eye. The patient underwent a complete ophthalmic examination. Best-corrected visual acuity was 20/200. Fundus examination, fluorescein angiography, indocyanine green angiography, and optical coherence tomography displayed a choroidal rupture with no evidence of CNV. Optical coherence tomography angiography showed the choroidal rupture as a line of choriocapillaris rarefaction because of the mechanical damage. Six months later, best-corrected visual acuity decreased to 20/300; optical coherence tomography angiography displayed the growth of a CNV, characterized by a tangled vascular network. After one intravitreal injection of bevacizumab, optical coherence tomography angiography documented a contraction of the CNV.

Conclusion:
Optical coherence tomography angiography is a useful imaging technique for the diagnosis and follow-up of patients with choroidal ruptures. Anti–vascular endothelial growth factor agents represent an effective therapy for the treatment of CNVs secondary to this affection.
Assessment of Tear Film and Bulbar Redness by Keratograph 5M in Pediatric Patients After Orthokeratology
Authors: Xie Wenjia , Zhang Xia , Xu Yesheng , Yao Yu-Feng 
Published: March 2018

Objectives:
To assess the tear meniscus height (TMH), noninvasive tear breakup time (NITBUT), and bulbar redness in pediatric patients after orthokeratology (OK).

Methods:
Pediatric patients who underwent overnight OK between December 2014 and November 2017 were retrospectively investigated. According to the time of wearing, subjects were divided into three groups: 1-week, 1-month, and over 1-year. Age-matched subjects were recruited as a control group. Keratograph 5M was used to assess TMH, NITBUT-first, NITBUT-average, and bulbar redness score.

Results:
A total of 106 subjects aged from 7 to 15 years were included. Compared with control group, NITBUT-first was significantly lower in 1-week group (P=0.036) and NITBUT-average was significantly lower in 1-month group (P=0.019). Compared with over 1-year group, NITBUT-first was significantly lower in 1-week and 1-month groups (P=0.014, P=0.035, respectively), and NITBUT-average was significantly lower in 1-month group (P=0.022). Bulbar redness score was significantly lower in 1-month group than 1-week group (P=0.004). No significant difference in TMH was found between all groups. Significant correlation was found between NITBUT-first and NITBUT-average in all subjects (R=0.812, P<0.001). No other significant correlations were found between variables included TMH, NITBUT, bulbar redness score, or target correction.

Conclusions:
As a noninvasive method, Keratograph 5M was easily to be applied on pediatric patients. The OK lens did not induce significant tear deficiency or bulbar redness, but might affect tear film stability in a short term after wearing.
Factors Influencing Fixation Stability Area: A Comparison of Two Methods of Recording
Authors: Fragiotta Serena , Carnevale Carmela , Cutini Alessandro , Rigoni Erika , Grenga Pier Luigi , Vingolo Enzo Maria 
Published: March 2018

SIGNIFICANCE
The authors analyze factors influencing bivariate contour ellipse area (BCEA) in healthy and pathologic eyes and how such factors may affect isolated (static BCEA) or microperimetric fixation (dynamic BCEA). They conclude that aging increases both dynamic BCEA and examination time, whereas static BCEA offers less variance and the maximum distinction with pathologic eyes.

PURPOSE
The aim of this study was to assess factors influencing BCEA and the recording method that offer less variability and thus maximum distinction between healthy and pathologic eyes.

METHODS
A total of 136 eyes were retrospectively reviewed, 85 eyes without ophthalmic disorders (logMAR acuity ≦0.0) and 51 eyes with late age-related macular degeneration (AMD) were enrolled. All patients underwent two consecutive examinations, a 30-second isolated fixation (static BCEA) and a microperimetric test with continuous fixation recording (dynamic BCEA). All the examinations were carried out using MP1 microperimeter (NAVIS software version 1.7.6; Nidek Technologies, Padova, Italy).

RESULTS
Dynamic BCEA was significantly correlated with age (r = 0.38, P < .001), total (r = 0.32, P = .03), and tracking time (r = 0.33, P = .02) in controls, whereas no significant relationships were found in the AMD group. The greatest difference between static and dynamic BCEA was observed in 70- to 79-year decade in healthy subjects (P < .01). Logistic regression analysis showed that late AMD status was significantly predicted by ±2 SD and ±3 SD static BCEA (both P = .03).

CONCLUSIONS
Dynamic BCEA is influenced by a certain degree of variability in advanced-age healthy subjects. In such cases, the use of ±2 SD and ±3 SD static BCEAs seems to offer a more accurate detection of fixation stability changes in the AMD group with respect to normal subjects.
LogMAR and Stereoacuity in Keratoconus Corrected with Spectacles and Rigid Gas-permeable Contact Lenses
Authors: Nilagiri Vinay Kumar , Metlapally Sangeetha , Kalaiselvan Parthasarathi , Schor Clifton M. , Bharadwaj Shrikant R. 
Published: March 2018

SIGNIFICANCE
This study showed an improvement in three-dimensional depth perception of subjects with bilateral and unilateral keratoconus with rigid gas-permeable (RGP) contact lens wear, relative to spectacles. This novel information will aid clinicians to consider RGP contact lenses as a management modality in keratoconic patients complaining of depth-related difficulties with their spectacles.

PURPOSE
The aim of this study was to systematically compare changes in logMAR acuity and stereoacuity from best-corrected spherocylindrical spectacles to RGP contact lenses in bilateral and unilateral keratoconus vis-à-vis age-matched control subjects.

METHODS
Monocular and binocular logMAR acuity and random-dot stereoacuity were determined in subjects with bilateral (n = 30; 18 to 24 years) and unilateral (n = 10; 18 to 24 years) keratoconus and 20 control subjects using standard psychophysical protocols.

RESULTS
Median (25th to 75th interquartile range) monocular (right eye) and binocular logMAR acuity and stereoacuity improved significantly from spectacles to RGP contact lenses in the bilateral keratoconus cohort (P < .001). Only monocular logMAR acuity of affected eye and stereoacuity improved from spectacles to RGP contact lenses in the unilateral keratoconus cohort (P < .001). There was no significant change in the binocular logMAR acuity from spectacles to RGP contact lenses in the unilateral keratoconus cohort. The magnitude of improvement in binocular logMAR acuity and stereoacuity was also greater for the bilateral compared with the unilateral keratoconus cohort. All outcome measures of cases with RGP contact lenses remained poorer than control subjects (P < .001).

CONCLUSIONS
Binocular resolution and stereoacuity improve from spectacles to RGP contact lenses in bilateral keratoconus, whereas only stereoacuity improves from spectacles to RGP contact lenses in unilateral keratoconus. The magnitude of improvement in visual performance is greater for the binocular compared with the unilateral keratoconus cohort.
Objectively Measured Light Exposure During School and Summer in Children
Authors: Ostrin Lisa A. , Sajjadi Auzita , Benoit Julia S. 
Published: March 2018

SIGNIFICANCE
Significant differences in light exposure were observed between school and summer in children, whereas activity and sleep were similar. Associations between parent and child behaviors suggest a potential mechanism for how myopia is transmitted from parents to children through patterns of environmental exposure, in addition to genetic factors.

PURPOSE
Objectively measured time outdoors, light exposure, activity, and sleep were examined in children during school and summer and assessed with eye growth. Associations between parent and child behaviors were evaluated.

METHODS
Children (aged 7.6 ± 1.8 years, n = 60) in Houston, TX, wore an actigraph device for three 2-week sessions (fall school, spring school, summer) to quantify time outdoors, light exposure, activity, and sleep. Cycloplegic autorefraction (WAM-5500; Grand-Seiko, Tokyo, Japan) and axial length (LenStar; Haag-Streit AG, Koeniz, Switzerland) were measured at baseline and 1 year. A subset of parents wore the device during their child's first 2-week session to compare behaviors (n = 33).

RESULTS
Children spent 94.4 ± 30.6 minutes per day outdoors in spring, 110.6 ± 45.7 minutes in summer, and 72.2 ± 31.0 minutes in fall, with significant differences between sessions (P < .0001). Daily activity and sleep duration were similar across sessions (P = .73 and .06, respectively). Axial growth rate decreased with light exposure, but did not reach significance after adjusting for baseline axial length, age, sex, activity, and parental myopia (P = .073). Parent and child time outdoors and sleep duration were significantly correlated (P = .0002 and 0.026, respectively).

CONCLUSIONS
Significant differences in light exposure were observed between school and summer, whereas activity and sleep were constant throughout the year. Children's behaviors were associated with their parent's behaviors, which may represent a modifiable component to potential environmental influences on eye growth. However, light exposure was not a significant environmental influence on axial growth in this study.
A Quantitative Analysis of Weight Gain Following Mandibular Distraction Osteogenesis in Robin Sequence
Authors: Gary Cyril S. , Marczewski Sharon , Vitagliano Patricia M. , Sawh-Martinez Rajendra , Wu Robin , Steinbacher Derek M. 
Published: March 2018

Abstract
Mandibular distraction osteogenesis (MDO) is an effective treatment modality for children suffering from upper airway obstruction from Robin Sequence (RS). Mandibular distraction osteogenesis has been shown to have positive effects on oral feeding and for relieving respiratory obstruction, but its effects on postoperative weight gain are poorly understood. This study quantitatively analyzes weight gain following MDO. A retrospective chart review identified 22 RS children who underwent MDO. Patient weight data, feeding methods pre- and postoperatively, and polysomnography data pre- and postoperatively were collected. Each patient's weight plotted over time was then compared with his or her closest standardized growth curve, and linear regression analysis was utilized to quantify patient growth by calculating actual and expected average daily weight gain (g/d). Percentile changes were analyzed as well. Children gained significantly less weight than expected from birth to time of MDO and significantly more weight than expected from MDO to device removal, MDO to 6 months postoperatively, and MDO to 12 months postoperatively. The average growth percentile for the cohort was 37.3 at birth, declined to 22.7 by MDO, and increased to 28.5 and 33.5 at device removal and 6 months postoperatively, respectively. More than 70% of children were exclusively orally fed within 6 months of MDO. Children with isolated Robin Sequence had superior weight gain than children with syndromic Robin Sequence following surgery. In conclusion, MDO helps improve weight gain following surgery, particularly for infants with isolated Robin Sequence, and has positive effects on oral feeding and respiration.
Swallowing and Temporomandibular Disorders in Adults
Authors: Ciavarella Domenico , Tepedino Michele , Laurenziello Michele , Guida Laura , Troiano Giuseppe , Montaruli Graziano , Illuzzi Gaetano , Chimenti Claudio , Lo Muzio Lorenzo 
Published: March 2018

Introduction:
Temporomandibular disease (TMD) etiology is multifactorial and is related to many perpetuating, predisposing, and initiating factors. The daytime parafunctions may have an important role in TMD pathogenesis. The most frequent parafunctions analyzed were the static parafunction (ie, clenching) and the dynamic parafunction (ie, grinding). In the present paper, the authors evaluated the swallowing (an oral function/parafunction) with the surface electromyography in patients with TMD.

Materials and Methods:
Twenty patients with TMD problems (nonhealthy patients, NHP) (mean age: 33 ± 1.994; 8 men and 12 women) and 20 healthy matched subjects (HP) (34.4 ± 2.782; 6 men and 14 women) were selected and examined. On each patient, an 8-channel surface electromyography was done during saliva swallowing.

Results:
Nonhealthy patients presented higher masseter and temporalis activation (P < 0.05) and an unbalancing of temporalis and submental muscles activation (P < 0.05) than the HP.

Discussion:
Nonhealthy patients presented a time of swallow higher than HP (P < 0.001). Nonhealthy patients presented a higher muscles activation and time of swallow than HP and a decrease of muscles balancing activation.
Traumatic Bony Ankylosis of Temporomandibular Joint as a Complication After Reduction Malarplasty
Authors: Subu Malavika , Paeng Jun-Young 
Published: March 2018

Abstract
Reduction malarplasty is one of the most commonly performed cosmetic and plastic surgery in Asian countries. Bony ankylosis of the temporomandibular joint (TMJ) occurs usually as a result of trauma, infection, failed surgeries, and autoimmune diseases. Reduction malarplasty has low incidence of TMJ-related complications. A 33-year-old female patient came with complaint of restricted mouth opening around 18 mm, which was developed immediately after the reduction malarplasty 2 years before. On computed tomography image, bony adhesion and the defect from the surgical drilling were found around right TMJ.
The TMJ interpositional gap arthroplasty with temporalis myofascial pedicled flap was done with simultaneous right coronoidectomy. Interincisal opening increased up to 47 mm intraoperatively.
High-Flow Extracranial–Intracranial Bypass for Giant Cavernous Carotid Aneurysm
Authors: Chen Junhui , Zhang Chunlei , Li Peipei , Chen Lei , Wang Yuhai 
Published: March 2018

Abstract
Giant intracranial aneurysms have always been remain the most difficult cerebrovascular lesions to treat, especially for giant cavernous carotid aneurysm (CCA). The treatment of giant CCA is a greatest challenge for neurosurgeons. Surgical clipping morbidity and mortality rates are relatively high, and endovascular embolization also have a high complication. The authors reported a special 74-year-old female patient who presented with blurred vision and double vision for 3 years, a giant CCA was found by digital subtraction angiography and computed tomography angiography. In the end, the CCA was treated using high-flow external carotid artery to middle cerebral artery bypass and clipping distal of the aneurysm. This technique and treatment was successful and without ischemia and neurologic sequelae. Also, their long-term follow-up demonstrated that brain tissue perfusion was better than before. Based on the literature reviewing, this technique might be an alternative strategy for intracranial giant unruptured aneurysms, especially for not suitable for direct clipping or with a high risk for endovascular embolization.
Algorithm for Airway Management in Patients With Pierre Robin Sequence
Authors: Hicks Katherine E. , Billings Kathleen R. , Purnell Chad A. , Carter John M. , Bhushan Bharat , Gosain Arun K. , Thompson Dana M. , Rastatter Jeffrey C. 
Published: March 2018

Purpose:
Airway management in neonates with Pierre Robin sequence (PRS) can be challenging. The goal was to describe the algorithm developed by the authors over the past 8 years.

Methods:
A retrospective case series analyzing airway management in neonates with PRS admitted to the neonatal intensive care unit at a tertiary care pediatric hospital was performed. The utility of the proposed algorithm for airway management incorporating more consistent use of polysomnography (PSG), and airway assessment was assessed.

Results:
A total of 31 neonates with PRS (12 men, 19 women) with a mean gestational age of 38.2 weeks were analyzed. Thirteen (41.9%) patients had a named syndrome, chromosomal abnormality, or global delay. Twenty (64.5%) patients had pre-intervention PSG, and severe obstructive sleep apnea with an apnea-hypopnea index (AHI) ≥ 10 events/hour was identified in 19 (95.0%). Mandibular distraction osteogenesis was performed in 18 (58.1%) patients, and improved the AHI on post-operative PSGs. Direct assessment of the upper and lower airways was performed in 19 patients, and 13 (68.4%) were found to have secondary airway pathology. Presence of a concomitant syndrome was significantly associated with need for tracheostomy.

Conclusion:
The algorithm differs from previous ones in that it relies on rigorous pre- and post-intervention PSG (including with a nasopharyngeal airway), as well as that it allows flexibility between treatment options given the whole-patient clinical scenario and endoscopic findings. Results from these studies may be integrated to stratify patients into those who are most likely to benefit from conservative interventions or surgical procedures.
Osteosarcoma of the Ethmoid Sinus
Authors: Erdur Zülküf Burak , Gözen Emine Deniz , Inan Hakki Caner , Yener Haydar Murat , Çomunoğlu Nil , Yol Cansu , Papila Çiğdem , Cansiz Harun 
Published: March 2018

Abstract
Osteosarcoma (OS) is a malignant bone tumor and it is very rare in head and neck region. If it arises in this area, most common localizations of this tumor are mandible and maxilla and ethmoid sinus is very rare site for this malignancy. A 43-year-old female admitted to our clinic with the complaint of pain in the right half of the face and headache persisting for 2 months. According to the clinical symptoms and imaging studies, sinonasal ossifying fibroma was suspected. For this reason, patient was operated endoscopically and histopathological examination revealed that osteoid matrix producing atypical osteoblastic cells so these findings identified osteoblastic variant OS. This article is about a very rare case of OS of ethmoid sinus. The differential diagnosis, general characteristics, and classification of this tumor, radiological features, and surgical techniques are also presented.
Cranioplasty: An Institutional Experience
Authors: Alves Junior Aderaldo Costa , Hamamoto Filho Pedro Tadao , Gonçalves Marcelo Pacheco , Palhares Neto Aristides Augusto , Zanini Marco Antonio 
Published: March 2018

Abstract
Cranioplasty is a common procedure in neurosurgical practice, but associated with high complication rates. In the current study, the authors describe surgical characteristics and results of cranioplasty performed in a tertiary teaching hospital in Brazil. Data were obtained from electronic medical records of cranioplasties performed between January 2013 and November 2016. The sample comprised of 33 patients, and the mean follow-up time was 16 months. Patients presented most of the times a good preoperative status, with 84.8% of patients classified between 0 and 3 at modified Rankin scale and 78.7% with 4 or 5 points at Glasgow Outcome Scale. The most common initial diagnosis was vascular disease (48% of patients) followed by traumatic brain injury (36% of patients). The majority of cranioplasties used an autograft: the autologous bone flap removed during a previous surgery (craniectomy) and stored in the abdominal subcutaneous fat (67% of patients). In 3 patients, the polymethylmethacrylate prosthesis was custom-made prior to the operation using 3-dimensional printing, based on computed tomography images. Five patients (15% of patients) developed symptoms related to surgical site infection, manifesting at an average of 5 weeks following the procedure. Three of them presented scalp dehiscence before the infection symptoms. Cranioplasty should be performed early, as long as clinical conditions are good and the patient has overcome the acute phase of neurological injury.