bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Students' Perceptions towards National Examination: A Washback Study
Authors: Friska Yuliana , Setiawan Iwan 
Published: March 2019

This study aimed to investigate students’ perception towards the National Examination (Ujian Nasional/UN) and its positive and negative effects (washback). The study was a qualitative research using a survey method. It involved XII-grade students who had taken the examination from some vocational senior high schools in East Ciputat, South Tangerang, Banten, i.e. SMK Triguna Utama, SMK YMJ and SMK Moh. Husni Thamrin. A questionnaire was therefore constructed to elicit their beliefs, attitudes, behaviors and/or opinions regarding the UN. The findings showed almost all of the students believed that National Examination could increase their learning intensity, or, in other words, UN could motivate them to study harder. However, there was also revealed that the students doubted and questioned the effectiveness and importance of UN in creating better teaching learning process. These thus indicated that National Examination had positive as well as negative washback on teaching learning activities of XII-grade students of some vocational senior high schools in South Tangerang.
PEMANFAATAN DADIH SUSU KERBAU UNTUK PMT FUNGSIONAL ANAK BALITA
Authors: Thamrin Muhammad Husni , Handayani Marni , . Ismanilda 
Published: March 2019

Berdasarkan riset kesehatan dasar tahun 2010, prevalensi gizi kurang dan gizi buruk di Sumatera Barat adalah 20,2 %, sementara prevalensi gizi kurang di kota Padang 15,1 %. Dadih adalah salah satu makanan fungsional yang berasal dari Provinsi Sumatera Barat yang kaya akan zat gizi seperti : karbohidrat sebesar 3,34 %, protein 5,93 %, lemak 5,42 %, dan kadar air 84,35 %. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah mengahasilkan formula makanan PMT untuk anak Balita dengan penganekaragaman pangan dadih dari susu kerbau.
Penelitian ini adalah penelitian eksperimen yaitu memanfaatkan dadih dari susu kerbau dengan campuran dari tepung gandum, tepung ubi jalar merah, tepung kedelai dan tepung gula. Rancangan penelitian ini menggunakan rancangan acak lengkap (RAL) terdiri dari 6 perlakuan dan 2 kali pengulangan. Pengamatan citarasa produk dengan uji organoleptik dan analisis data dengan menggunakan ANOVA dan dilanjutkan dengan uji DMNRT taraf 5 %
Hasil yang diperoleh warna dan aroma cake yang banyak disukai panelis adalah penambahan 140 g dadih susu kerbau, sedangkan rasa dan tekstur adalah penambahan dadih 120 gr dan 160 gr. Cake yang terbaik yang paling disukai panelis adalah perlakuan F2 dengan penambahan dadih susu kerbau sebesar 120 gr.

Kata kunci: diversifikasi, dadih , makanan formula
PENDIDIKAN AGAMA ISLAM SEBAGAI PONDASI SOSIAL BUDAYA DALAM KEMAJEMUKAN
Authors: Nurmiyanti Leni 
Published: March 2019

Penulisan ini mencoba menjelasakan akan hubungan Pendidikan Agama Islam dalam menciptakan perubahan dan kemajuan peradaban bangsa. Pendidikan agama Islam sebagai pondasi utama dalam menciptakan generasi yang berkualitas dan berdaya guna, dengan pendidikan yang mumpuni dan sesauai dengan hakikat dari pendidikan agama Islam. Dalam tulisan ini, penulis menjabarkan akan beberapa hal yang menjadi dasar dalam memahami akan pendidikan agama Islam di era modern. Perkembangan dan perubahan yang kian pesat menghantarkan pada kenyataan, bahwa kualitas generasi hendaknya memiliki ideologi pemahaman yang dapat mengikuti perkembangan zaman. Kompleksitas permasalahan sosial yang terjadi pada era modern membutuhkan teori sosial, sebagai alat dalam menentukan solusi masalah sosial suatu bangsa dalam menciptakan peradaban dan mebudayakan kebudayaan bangsa. Pada tulisan ini, penulis membahas teori kritik sebagai salah satu teori yang tepat dalam menjawab kompleksitas masalah di era modern. Perkembangan di era modern membutuhkan generasi madani, generasi yang tidak hanya memahami akan tekstualis dalam pemahaman agamanya. Pendidikan Agama Islam diharapkan dapat menghasilkan generasi yang berkulitas, sehingga mampu mensinergikan penegtahuan yang dimilikinya dan teraplikasi dengan baik dalam hubungan bermasyarakat, sehingga mampu menjawab berbagai permasalahan sosial budaya. Agama tidak lagi dijadikan alat untuk ajang promosi ibadah atau mengharapkan imbalan pahala dan surga semata, melaikan agama dapat mengembalikan hakikat sesungguhnya. Agama menjadi penuntun dan petunjuk dimana aturan-aturan yang berlaku disadari dan dipahami oleh manusia sehingga kehidupannya di dunia tidak kacau. Agama Islam merupakan agama yang memiliki kesempurnaan dalam aturannya, namun manakala manusia yang meyakini bahwa agama Islam adalah agama yang sempurna tetapi tidak memiliki pemahaman yang benar akan agamanya, tentunya agama Islam sebagai agama rahmatan lil alamin tidak akan terimplementasi dengan baik dalam kehidupan manusia di dunia. Pemahaman manusia tersebut jika tidak didukung dengan pendidikan agama yang benar, pada akhirnya manusia tidak akan memahami akan hakikat beragama sesungguhnya. Manusia yang beragama adalah manusia beradab, manusia yang beradab akan mampu menciptakan peradaban dan memahami akan hakikat dirinya sebagai mahluk sosial.
KEBIJAKAN TENTANG SEKOLAH ELIT ISLAM
Authors: Maemunah Maemunah 
Published: March 2019

Munculnya sekolah elite / sekolah unggulan Islam, diharapkan dapat menjawab berbagai persoalan yang tengah dihadapi oleh internal umat Islam sendiri yakni keprihatinan terhadap mutu pendidikan Islam yang rendah dan sekaligus memberi solusi terhadap tantangan terhadap Iptek dan Imtak. Kebijakan pendidikan dirumuskan dengan mendasarkan diri pada landasan pemikiran yang lebih ilmiah empirik. Kajian ini menggunakan pola pendekatan yang beragam sesuai dengan faham teori yang dianut oleh masing-masing penentu kebijakan. Kebijakan demokratisasi pendidikan adalah kebijakan untuk menyeimbangkan komposisi peserta didik menurut kelompok status sosial ekonomi dan geografis guna mengurangi ketimpangan pendidikan. Dalam hal ini, dapat dinyatakan bahwa analisis terhadap kebijakan terkait sekolah elite; Sekolah Islam Unggulan yaitu ada pada kebijakan yang tertuang pada: UUD 1945 pasal 31 ayat 3, GBHN tahun 1992-2000 pada bagian agama Nomor 2, Pasal 5 ayat 1 UU SISDIKNAS 2003 BAB IV, Pasal 10 UU SISDIKNAS No. 20 2003 BAB IV, UU No. 20 Tahun 2003 Pasal 50 ayat 3, UU No. 20 Tahun 2003 Pasal 55 ayat 1, Peraturan Pemerintah No. 19 Tahun 2005 tentang Standar Nasional Pendidikan (SNP), UU No. 17 Tahun 2007.
Authors: Sumarmin Agus Marsono 
Published: March 2019

ABSTRACT
The implementation of electronic identity cards have been applied since 2011. However, there are still many complaints from citizens where are showed up through social media and other conventional medias. This study aims to elaborate problems on the electronic identity cards services by public officials in the City of West Jakarta. This study finds that hardware and software problems are the main problems on this case which are not solve by the authority of the Population and Civil Registration Agency in West Jakarta. However, it can be resolved with the above authority in provincial and national levels. Another problems arise that the front offices of authority are not orderly able to control and make the queue line setting comfort for costumers; there is not sufficient information about procedural and mechanism for having electronic identity cards services in that office. Another relevant problems that have been resolved by Provincial Government of Jakarta are lacking of human resources such as civil officers in each agency. The City provides individual outsourcing and contract based employers with educational requirement minimum from graduated high school and certified on computer training. Therefore, the Agency provides a qualified of human resources and implements of electronic identity card services for 56 villages in West Jakarta with good and smooth activities. However, the quality of services is still not well-performed.
ANALISIS PENGARUH CORPORATE SOCIAL RESPONSIBILITY (CSR) TERHADAP ECONOMIC VALUE ADDED (EVA) DAN MARKET VALUE ADDED (MVA)
Authors: Abdurachman Aditia , Gustyana Tieka Trikartika 
Published: March 2019

Banyak dari perusahaan yang membuat program Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR) hanya untuk kepentingan marketing. Apalagi pelaksanaan program CSR oleh industri rokok yang tidak dapat menanggulangi efek yang terjadi akibat bisnis yang mereka lakukan. Bukannya melakukan usaha untuk mencegah hal tersebut, perusahaan industri rokok justru menghabiskan berapa puluh miliar setiap tahunnya untuk berbagai iklan dan sponsor.
Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh dari program CSR yang diukur dengan CSR Disclosure Index (CSRDI) Global Reporting Initiative G4 (GRI-G4) terhadap nilai perusahaan yang diukur menggunakan Economic Value Added (EVA) dan Market Value Added (MVA).Objek penelitian ini adalah perusahaan industri rokok yang terdaftar di Bursa Efek Indonesia (BEI) pada tahun 2012-2016 yang dipilih secara purposive sampling dengan kriteria setiap perusahaan konsisten dalam menerbitkan laporan tahunan hasil audit periode 2012-2016. Pengolahan dan analisis data menggunakan regresi data panel. Hasil dari penelitian ini adalah CSR memiliki pengaruh negatif tidak signifikan terhadap EVA dan CSR memiliki pengaruh negatif tidak signifikan terhadap MVA.
The Occurrence of Compact Groups of Galaxies through Cosmic Time
Authors: Wiens Christopher D. , Wenger Trey V. , Tzanavaris Panayiotis , Johnson Kelsey E. , Gallagher S. C. , Xiao Liting 
Published: March 2019

Abstract
We use the outputs of a semianalytical model of galaxy formation run on the Millennium Simulation to investigate the prevalence of 3D compact groups (CGs) of galaxies from z = 11 to 0. Our publicly available code identifies CGs using the 3D galaxy number density, the mass ratio of secondary+tertiary to the primary member, mass density in a surrounding shell, the relative velocities of candidate CG members, and a minimum CG membership of three. We adopt “default” values for the first three criteria, representing the observed population of Hickson CGs at z = 0. The percentage of nondwarf galaxies (M > 5 × 108
h
−1
M
⊙) in CGs peaks near z ∼ 2 for the default set and in the range of z ∼ 1–3 for other parameter sets. This percentage declines rapidly at higher redshifts (z ≳ 4), consistent with the galaxy population as a whole being dominated by low-mass galaxies excluded from this analysis. According to the most liberal criteria, ≲3% of nondwarf galaxies are members of CGs at the redshift where the CG population peaks. Our default criteria result in a population of CGs at z < 0.03 with number densities and sizes consistent with Hickson CGs. Tracking identified CG galaxies and merger products to z = 0, we find that ≲16% of nondwarf galaxies have been CG members at some point in their history. Intriguingly, the great majority (96%) of z = 2 CGs have merged to a single galaxy by z = 0. There is a discrepancy in the velocity dispersions of Millennium Simulation CGs compared to those in observed CGs, which remains unresolved.
The Weakening Outburst of the Young Eruptive Star V582 Aur
Authors: Zsidi G. , Ábrahám P. , Acosta-Pulido J. A. , Kóspál Á. , Kun M. , Szabó Zs. M. , Bódi A. , Cseh B. , Segura N. Castro , Hanyecz O. , Ignácz B. , Kalup Cs. , Kriskovics L. , Mészáros L. , Ordasi A. , Pál A. , Sárneczky K. , Seli B. , Sódor Á. , Szakáts R. 
Published: March 2019

Abstract
V582 Aur is a pre-main-sequence FU Orionis type eruptive star, which entered a brightness minimum in 2016 March due to changes in the line-of-sight extinction. Here, we present and analyze new optical B, V, R

C
, and I

C
band multiepoch observations and new near-infrared J, H, and K

S
band photometric measurements from 2018 January–2019 February, as well as publicly available midinfrared Wide-field Infrared Survey Explorer (WISE) data. We found that the source shows a significant optical–near-infrared variability, and the current brightness minimum has not completely finished yet. If the present dimming originates from the same orbiting dust clump that caused a similar brightness variation in 2012, then our results suggest a viscous spreading of the dust particles along the orbit. Another scenario is that the current minimum is caused by a dust structure, that is entering and leaving the inner part of the system. The WISE measurements could be consistent with this scenario. Our long-term data, as well as an accretion disk modeling hint at a general fading of V582 Aur, suggesting that the source will reach the quiescent level in ∼80 yr.
Mass Loss of Different Stellar Populations in Globular Clusters: The Case of M4
Authors: Tailo M. , Milone A. P. , Marino A. F. , D’Antona F. , Lagioia E. P. , Cordoni G. 
Published: March 2019

Abstract
In a Globular Cluster (GC), the mass loss during the red giant branch (RGB) phase and the helium content are fundamental ingredients to constrain the horizontal-branch (HB) morphology. While many papers have been dedicated to the helium abundance in different stellar populations, small efforts have been made to disentangle the effects of mass loss and helium content. We exploit the nearby GC NGC 6121 (M4), which hosts two well-studied main stellar populations, to infer both helium and RGB mass loss. We combine multi-band Hubble Space Telescope photometry of RGB and main-sequence (MS) stars of M4 with synthetic spectra to constrain the relative helium content of its stellar populations. We find that the second-generation stars in M4 are enhanced in helium mass fraction by

with respect to the remaining stars that have pristine helium content. We then infer the mass of the HB stars by searching for the best match between the observations and HB populations modeled assuming the helium abundance of each population estimated from the MS. By comparing the masses of stars along the HB, we constrain the mass loss of first- and second-generation stars in M4. We find that the mass lost by the helium-enriched population is ∼13% larger than the mass lost by the first-generation stars (

). We discuss the possibility that this mass-loss difference depends on helium abundance, the different formation environment of the two generations, or a combination of both.
Kiloparsec Scale Properties of Star Formation Driven Outflows at z ∼ 2.3 in the SINS/zC-SINF AO Survey*
Authors: Davies R. L. , Schreiber N. M. Förster , Übler H. , Genzel R. , Lutz D. , Renzini A. , Tacchella S. , Tacconi L. J. , Belli S. , Burkert A. , Carollo C. M. , Davies R. I. , Herrera-Camus R. , Lilly S. J. , Mancini C. , Naab T. , Nelson E. J. , Price S. H. , Shimizu T. T. , Sternberg A. , Wisnioski E. , Wuyts S. 
Published: March 2019

Abstract
We investigate the relationship between star formation activity and outflow properties on kiloparsec scales in a sample of 28 star-forming galaxies at z ∼ 2–2.6, using adaptive optics assisted integral field observations from SINFONI on the Very Large Telescope. The narrow and broad components of the Hα emission are used to simultaneously determine the local star formation rate surface density (

), and the outflow velocity

and mass outflow rate

, respectively. We find clear evidence for faster outflows with larger mass loading factors at higher

. The outflow velocities scale as

∝

0.34±0.10, which suggests that the outflows may be driven by a combination of mechanical energy released by supernova explosions and stellar winds, as well as radiation pressure acting on dust grains. The majority of the outflowing material does not have sufficient velocity to escape from the galaxy halos, but will likely be re-accreted and contribute to the chemical enrichment of the galaxies. In the highest

regions the outflow component contains an average of ∼45% of the Hα flux, while in the lower

regions only ∼10% of the Hα flux is associated with outflows. The mass loading factor, η =

/SFR, is positively correlated with

but is relatively low even at the highest

: η ≲ 0.5 × (380 cm−3/n

e
). This may be in tension with the η ≳ 1 required by cosmological simulations, unless a significant fraction of the outflowing mass is in other gas phases and has sufficient velocity to escape the galaxy halos.
Clostridium sordelli as a cause of gas gangrene in a trauma patient
Authors: Bajpai Vijeta , Govindaswamy Aishwarya , Agrawal Sonu Kumari , Malhotra Rajesh , Mathur Purva 
Published: March 2019

AbstractGas gangrene is a necrotic infection of the skin and soft tissue that is associated with high mortality and often necessitating amputation to control the infection. Clostridial myonecrosis is most often cause of gas gangrene and usually present in settings of trauma, surgery, malignancy, and other underlying immunocompromised conditions. The most common causative organism of clostridial myonecrosis is Clostridium perfringens followed by Clostridium septicum. Here, we are reporting an unusual case report of posttraumatic gas gangrene caused by Clostridium sordelli.
Serological evidence of human leptospirosis in patients with acute undifferentiated febrile illness from Uttarakhand, India: A pilot study
Authors: Bhatia Mohit , Kumar Pradeep , Gupta Pratima , Gupta Puneet Kumar , Dhar Minakshi , Kalita Deepjyoti 
Published: March 2019

Abstract
CONTEXT: To the best of our knowledge, there are no reports of serological evidence of human leptospirosis from Uttarakhand state in India.
AIMS: The aim of this study was to screen for serological evidence of leptospirosis in patients with acute undifferentiated febrile illness at a tertiary care teaching hospital in Uttarakhand.
SETTINGS AND DESIGN: A pilot study was conducted from March to November 2017.
SUBJECTS AND METHODS: Fifty-three adult patients who presented in Medicine outpatient Department with a history of fever of ≥7 up to 14 days duration with or without other associated symptoms such as a headache, rashes, myalgia, arthralgia, and conjunctival suffusion were enrolled in the study using convenience sampling technique. Blood samples of these patients were collected and subjected to peripheral smear examination for malaria parasites, dengue immunoglobulin M (IgM) immunochromatographic card test, IgM Typhidot, Leptospira and Scrub typhus IgM ELISA, respectively. Aerobic blood culture was performed in 24 cases. Relevant clinico-epidemiological details were obtained as per the pro forma formulated in accordance with the modified Faine’s criteria.
STATISTICAL ANALYSIS USED: Descriptive statistics.
RESULTS: The study population consisted of 50.94% of males and 49.06% of females with a mean age ± standard deviation of 34.2 ± 15.2 years. Fifty febrile patients had additional symptoms of which myalgia was the most common (81.1%) followed by arthralgia (22.6%). Peripheral smears of all patients were negative for malaria parasites. Dengue and Typhidot IgM positivity was observed in two and eight patients, respectively. Six and five patients were tested positive by leptospira and scrub typhus IgM ELISA, respectively. Salmonella Typhi was isolated from blood sample of only one patient. Serum samples of two patients showed dual positivity. All six leptospira seropositive patients satisfied modified Faine’s criteria.
CONCLUSIONS: Leptospirosis is a seemingly unexplored infection in Uttarakhand and should be considered as a differential diagnosis in patients with acute undifferentiated febrile illness.
Clinical profile and determinants of short-term outcome of acute kidney injury: A hospital-based prospective study from Northeastern India
Authors: Bhattacharya Prasanta Kumar , Roy Akash , Jamil Md. , Barman Bhupen , Murti Subrahmanya V. , Marak Patrick R. 
Published: March 2019

Abstract
CONTEXT: Acute kidney injury (AKI) is an outcome of multiple etiologies and is mostly reversible. Data on its incidence and outcome, particularly from India, are limited.
AIMS: To study the etiology, clinical profile, and short-term prognosis in AKI.
SETTINGS AND DESIGN: A hospital-based prospective observational study on AKI.
SUBJECTS AND METHODS: Seventy-five AKI patients diagnosed by Acute Kidney Injury network criteria were selected. Patients with preexisting chronic kidney disease were excluded.
STATISTICAL ANALYSIS USED: Data were compiled using the Statistical Package for the Social Sciences version 17. Regression analysis was done for determining the association of various variables for mortality. P < 0.05 was considered statistically significant.
RESULTS: The mean age of patients was 41.09 ± 16.17 years with a male:female ratio of 1.42:1. Comorbidities were present in 37.3%, with diabetes mellitus (10.6%) and chronic liver disease (10.6%) being the most common. Fever was the most common (40%) presenting symptom, followed by oliguria (25.8%). Infection was the most common cause of AKI (56%), with sepsis in 26.7% followed by acute gastroenteritis in 17.3%. Pneumonia was the primary focus in 50% of cases with sepsis. Mean serum creatinine and urea at admission were 2.37 ± 0.90 and 92.44 ± 39.67 mg/dl, respectively. Serum creatinine rose progressively to 2.96 ± 1.18 and 3.26 ± 1.56 mg/dl at 24 and 48 h, respectively, since hospitalization. Majority of the cases (73.3%) were nonoliguric. Hemodialysis was necessary in 24% of cases. Mean hospital stay was 8.16 days. In-hospital mortality was 24%. Among survivors, 92.9% had complete renal recovery on discharge. Sepsis, need for hemodialysis, urea >100 mg/dl, and peak serum creatinine >3 mg/dl were contributors to mortality (P < 0.01).
CONCLUSIONS: Infections, especially sepsis, were the most common cause of AKI. Hemodialysis was required in one-quarter of the patients. Sepsis, need for hemodialysis, and high creatinine were associated with a significantly higher mortality.
Evaluation of loop-mediated isothermal amplification assay for detection of scrub typhus in patients with acute febrile illness presenting to a Tertiary Care Center in Puducherry, India
Authors: Karthikeyan Patricia Anitha , Hoti Sugeerappa Laxmanappa , Kanungo Reba 
Published: March 2019

Abstract
PURPOSE: Scrub typhus an acute febrile illness has diverse clinical manifestations, which overlap with other febrile illnesses. Due to this reason, it is misdiagnosed, leading to inappropriate treatment, sometimes resulting in fatality. Thus, accurate diagnosis of scrub typhus is important for appropriate treatment. This study evaluated the loop-mediated isothermal amplification (LAMP) assay as a diagnostic test for scrub typhus among patients with fever.
MATERIALS AND METHODS: A total of 50 cases of acute febrile illness clinically resembling scrub typhus, with or without an eschar, or cases of pyrexia of unknown origin were included in the study. Blood samples collected from these cases were subjected to detection of IgM antibodies to Orientia tsutsugamushi by ELISA, conventional groEL polymerase chain reaction (PCR), and the LAMP assay.
RESULTS: Twelve cases had fever for less than a week, and two had fever for more than 3 weeks. IgM antibodies to O. tsutsugamushi were detected in 37 out of 50 samples (74%). LAMP assay was positive in 33 samples (66%). groEL gene-based PCR detected 35 (70%) samples as positive. Two samples negative by LAMP assay were positive by this PCR. Twenty samples collected from patients with dengue, typhoid, and malaria tested by the LAMP assay were negative, indicating its good specificity. LAMP assay and the conventional groEL-based PCR could detect 72.7% and 74.3% of the samples, respectively before the 10th day after onset of fever, whereas IgM ELISA could detect only 40.5% of the 37 samples.
CONCLUSION: This study suggests that LAMP assay could be a useful diagnostic test for detecting scrub typhus in the acute phase of the illness and a cheaper alternative to other molecular methods in resource poor settings.