bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Becoming a Rooted Cosmopolitan? The Case Study of 1.5 Generation New Chinese Migrants in New Zealand
Authors: Wang (王炳钰) Bingyu 
Published: April 2019

AbstractDrawing on qualitative research with 45 Chinese 1.5 generation migrants in New Zealand, this paper examines how migration processes intersect with cosmopolitan manifestations at an everyday level. Theoretically, it takes shape within a growing body of literature on cosmopolitanism that provides new insights into understanding migration and mobilities. Empirically, it is situated within the context of a growing trend of Chinese migration to New Zealand, a country experiencing increasing ethnic diversity. Employing the concept of “rooted cosmopolitanism,” the paper explores how different degrees of a sense of rootedness interrelate with the strength of cosmopolitan openness to cultural others, as displayed in daily interactions. It demonstrates that rootedness and cosmopolitan openness are not mutually exclusive, but simultaneously coexist and even mutually strengthen each other. It argues that the process of becoming a rooted cosmopolitan is not straightforward but demands constant work to strategically negotiate the interacting dynamics between openness and its seeming counter-discourse–rootedness.
Pilgrims, Prostitutes, and Ritual Seks
Authors: Gottowik Volker 
Published: April 2019

Abstract
The general fixation on globally spreading forms of Islam and other religions (agama) has contributed to an undervaluing of the current and parallel boom in local, often heterodox ritual practices (adat). These ritual practices include forms of pilgrimage that encourage the performance of a sexual act on the tombs of saints, which is regarded as conducive to the redemption of the wishes and hopes associated with such a pilgrimage. The possible sexual partners involved in ritual seks (ritual sex) include not only husband and wife, but also other pilgrims to whom one is not married; even prostitutes are regarded as completely legitimate partners. For a number of years, pilgrimage sites known for this remarkable conjunction of religion and sexuality have been experiencing an unprecedented boom, in sharp contrast to the often diagnosed Islamization of Indonesian society. Against this background, this article examines the media discourses that are controversially related to ritual seks and supports the thesis that the current religious boom (‘religionization’) not only involves globalized Islam, but all religious forms, even the deviant.
Improved Parameterization of Ice Particle Size Distributions Using Uncorrelated Mass Spectrum Parameters: Results from GCPEx
Authors: Borque Paloma , Harnos Kirstin J. , Nesbitt Stephen W. , McFarquhar Greg M. 
Published: April 2019

AbstractSatellite retrieval algorithms and model microphysical parameterizations require guidance from observations to improve the representation of ice-phase microphysical quantities and processes. Here, a parameterization for ice-phase particle size distributions (PSDs) is developed using in situ measurements of cloud microphysical properties collected during the Global Precipitation Measurement (GPM) Cold-Season Precipitation Experiment (GCPEx). This parameterization takes advantage of the relation between the gamma-shape parameter μ and the mass-weighted mean diameter Dm of the ice-phase PSD sampled during GCPEx. The retrieval of effective reflectivity Ze and ice water content (IWC) from the reconstructed PSD using the μ–Dm relationship was tested with independent measurements of Ze and IWC and overall leads to a mean error of 8% in both variables. This represents an improvement when compared with errors using the Field et al. parameterization of 10% in IWC and 37% in Ze. Current radar precipitation retrieval algorithms from GPM assume that the PSD follows a gamma distribution with μ = 3. This assumption leads to a mean overestimation of 5% in the retrieved Ze, whereas applying the μ–Dm relationship found here reduces this bias to an overestimation of less than 1%. Proper selection of the a and b coefficients in the mass–dimension relationship is also of crucial importance for retrievals. An inappropriate selection of a and b, even from values observed in previous studies in similar environments and cloud types, can lead to more than 100% bias in IWC and Ze for the ice-phase particles analyzed here.
Estimation of Snowfall Properties at a Mountainous Site in Norway Using Combined Radar and In Situ Microphysical Observations
Authors: Schirle Claire E. , Cooper Steven J. , Wolff Mareile Astrid , Pettersen Claire , Wood Norman B. , L’Ecuyer Tristan S. , Ilmo Trond , Nygård Knut 
Published: April 2019

AbstractThe ability of in situ snowflake microphysical observations to constrain estimates of surface snowfall accumulations derived from coincident, ground-based radar observations is explored. As part of the High-Latitude Measurement of Snowfall (HiLaMS) field campaign, a Micro Rain Radar (MRR), Precipitation Imaging Package (PIP), and Multi-Angle Snow Camera (MASC) were deployed to the Haukeliseter Test Site run by the Norwegian Meteorological Institute during winter 2016/17. This measurement site lies near an elevation of 1000 m in the mountains of southern Norway and houses a double-fence automated reference (DFAR) snow gauge and a comprehensive set of meteorological observations. MASC and PIP observations provided estimates of particle size distribution (PSD), fall speed, and habit. These properties were used as input for a snowfall retrieval algorithm using coincident MRR reflectivity measurements. Retrieved surface snowfall accumulations were evaluated against DFAR observations to quantify retrieval performance as a function of meteorological conditions for the Haukeliseter site. These analyses found differences of less than 10% between DFAR- and MRR-retrieved estimates over the field season when using either PIP or MASC observations for low wind “upslope” events. Larger biases of at least 50% were found for high wind “pulsed” events likely because of sampling limitations in the in situ observations used to constrain the retrieval. However, assumptions of MRR Doppler velocity for mean particle fall speed and a temperature-based PSD parameterization reduced this difference to +16% for the pulsed events. Although promising, these results ultimately depend upon selection of a snowflake particle model that is well matched to scene environmental conditions.
Altered spontaneous brain activity in retinal vein occlusion as determined by regional homogeneity: a resting-state fMRI study
Authors: Wen Si-Min , Min You-Lan , Yuan Qing , Li Biao , Lin Qi , Zhu Pei-Wen , Shi Wen-Qing , Shu Yong-Qiang , Shao Yi , Zhou Qiong 
Published: April 2019

Background Retinal vein occlusion (RVO) is among the commonest retinal vascular conditions that can cause severe visual loss. However, the relationship between RVO and altered spontaneous brain activity is still unknown. Purpose To apply regional homogeneity (ReHo) for the evaluation of abnormal brain activity in patients with RVO and explore the relationship between anomalous cerebral activity and behavioral manifestations. Material and Methods Resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging (rs-fMRI) was performed in 26 patients with RVO (12 men, 14 women) and 24 healthy controls (12 men, 12 women) matched by age, sex, and education. ReHo was used to evaluate the local characteristics of spontaneous brain activity. The receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve was applied to classify RVO and healthy control characteristics. Pearson correlation analysis was used to assess the relationship between the ReHo value of specific brain regions and clinical manifestations in RVO patients. Results ReHo values of the right posterior lobe of the cerebellum, fusiform gyrus, and right inferior temporal gyrus of patients with RVO were remarkably higher than those of controls (P < 0.05). ReHo values of the right cuneus in patients with RVO were significantly lower than those of controls (P < 0.05). ROC curve analysis of each brain region revealed a perfect accuracy of the areas under the curve (AUC). There was a negative correlation between the ReHo values of some regions and clinical manifestations. Conclusion RVO may cause dysfunction in many brain regions, which may help reveal the neural mechanisms underlying RVO.
Nurses’ experiences of compassion when giving palliative care at home
Authors: Devik Siri Andreassen , Enmarker Ingela , Hellzen Ove 
Published: April 2019

Background: Compassion is seen as a core professional value in nursing and as essential in the effort of relieving suffering and promoting well-being in palliative care patients. Despite the advances in modern healthcare systems, there is a growing clinical and scientific concern that the value of compassion in palliative care is being less emphasised. Objective: This study aimed to explore nurses’ experiences of compassion when caring for palliative patients in home nursing care. Design and participants: A secondary qualitative analysis inspired by hermeneutic circling was performed on narrative interviews with 10 registered nurses recruited from municipal home nursing care facilities in Mid-Norway. Ethical considerations: The Norwegian Social Science Data Services granted permission for the study (No. 34299) and the re-use of the data. Findings: The compassionate experience was illuminated by one overarching theme: valuing caring interactions as positive, negative or neutral, which entailed three themes: (1) perceiving the patient’s plea, (2) interpreting feelings and (3) reasoning about accountability and action, with subsequent subthemes. Discussion: In contrast to most studies on compassion, our results highlight that a lack of compassion entails experiences of both negative and neutral content. Conclusion: The phenomenon of neutral caring interactions and lack of compassion demands further explorations from both a patient – and a nurse perspective.
A novel prediction of simulated fluid responsiveness by echocardiography assessment of tricuspid annulus tissue velocity with passive leg raising
Authors: Ünlüer Erden Erol , Karagöz Arif , Bayata Serdar , Çatalkaya Sibel , Bozdemir Hüseyin 
Published: April 2019

Background: Fluid responsiveness can be predicted by the effect of passive leg raising on cardiac output. Objectives: This research aimed to compare the changes in cardiac output and the peak systolic velocity values of Tricuspid annulus velocity at the free wall (S’) before and after passive leg raising in healthy volunteers. Methods: The study was approved by ethical commission. The desired sample size was 28, and 57 volunteers were included after they signed informed consent. The first measurements, including vital signs, S’, and cardiac output, were taken with the participants lying supine and were performed in the morning after 12 h fast. The participants were then asked to lie in a semirecumbent position for 3 min. After 3 min, the head of the bed was lowered to the supine position and the participants’ legs were elevated at 45°. Secondary measurements were repeated in this position. The differences between vital signs, cardiac output, and S’ measurements before and after passive leg raising were statistically compared. The level of significance was set as p < 0.05. Results: The mean values of cardiac output and S’ before passive leg raising was 9.59 L/min and 11.57 cm/s, respectively; however, those increased to 11.44 L/min and 13.72 cm/s after passive leg raising. The average increases were 16.17% for cardiac output and 15.67% for S’. The changes of cardiac output and S’ were statistically significant. The changes of vital signs before and after passive leg raising were statistically insignificant. Conclusion: This study has demonstrated the concordance of rise in cardiac output with S’ change by passive leg raising in healthy subjects. Further studies are needed to validate the use of S’ values in critically ill subjects.
Recurrent diclofenac-induced acute myocardial infarction: An interesting case with wandering ST-segment elevation
Authors: Özdemir Emre , Karakaya Zeynep , Karaca Mustafa , Topal Fatih , Payza Umut 
Published: April 2019

Introduction:Allergic acute myocardial infarction with ST-segment elevation is rare, and vasoconstrictor mediators released from mast cells are responsible for its pathogenesis. Several medications have been reported to lead to acute myocardial infarction with ST-segment elevation, as a part of systemic allergic reactions and this entity is known as Kounis syndrome (KS).Case presentation:We presented a patient with recurrent KS who had no allergic reactions, except coronary spasm after parenteral diclofenac administration. First, she experienced anterior myocardial infarction with ST-segment elevation after administration of diclofenac 2 years ago. The second presentation was acute inferior-posterior myocardial infarction with ST-segment elevation with atrioventricular complete block leading to cardiogenic shock. She had no significant coronary stenosis responsible for each myocardial infarction with ST-segment elevation. However, she had a catheter-induced coronary spasm of non-dominant right coronary artery. She was considered to have a recurrent allergic myocardial infarction with ST-segment elevation due to parenteral diclofenac usage and treated with a calcium antagonist, statin, and dual antiplatelet agent.Discussion:KS can manifest as same as acute coronary syndrome. All drugs or any allergen can cause this event.KS had three variants but In all three conditions, treatment is antithrombotic or vasodilatator regime.Conclusion:As atherosclerosis events on coronary, allergic coronary events also may recurs. However, unlike the literature, our case is differentiated by recurrence of similar events in different coronary vessels.
Utilizing Multi-Theory Model in Determining Intentions to Smoking Cessation Among Smokers
Authors: Nahar Vinayak K , Wilkerson Amanda H , Patel Falguni C , Kim Richard W , Stephens Philip M , Sharma Manoj 
Published: April 2019

Background: Smoking is a risk factor for lung cancers, and a myriad of other acute and chronic ailments. The purpose of this study was to predict initiation and sustenance of smoking cessation among smokers using a fourth-generation behavioral framework, multi-theory model (MTM) of health behavior change. Methods: A convenience sample of smokers from a shopping mall in rural, Appalachian Kentucky county was invited to participate in this cross-sectional study. A 38-item, face and content validated, MTM-based survey instrument was administered to the participants. Results: A total of 148 participants completed the study. The mean age of the participants was 35.53 (SD = 14.52) years. Most were male (58.1%) and Caucasian (95.9%). Participants reported smoking for an average of 16.45 (SD = 13.12) years. Participatory dialogue (β = 0.235, P = .003) and behavioral confidence (β = 0.305, P = .005) were significant predictors of intention for initiation for smoking cessation behavior. Emotional transformation (β = 0.319, P = .001) was a significant predictor of intention for sustenance for smoking cessation behavior. Discussion: Two of the MTM constructs for initiation and one of the MTM constructs for sustenance of change accounted for a moderate amount of variance in initiation and sustenance of smoking cessation behavior among community members in a rural, Kentucky county. MTM has utility for predicting both initiation and sustenance of smoking cessation behavior. Future interventions using MTM constructs should be developed for smoking cessation behavior change.
Serum carbohydrate antigen 125 levels and incident risk of type 2 diabetes mellitus in middle-aged and elderly Chinese population: The Dongfeng–Tongji cohort study
Authors: Yu Caizheng , Lei Qing , Wang Jing , Han Xu , Wang Fei , Yuan Jing , Yao Ping , Wei Sheng , Wang Youjie , Liang Yuan , Zhang Xiaomin , Guo Huan , Yang Handong , He Meian 
Published: April 2019

Objectives: The aim of this study was to investigate the association between serum carbohydrate antigen 125 concentrations and incident type 2 diabetes mellitus risk in a prospective cohort. Methods: We included 18,983 eligible participants aged 63.1 years derived from the Dongfeng–Tongji cohort at baseline from September 2008 to June 2010, and they were followed until October 2013. Cox proportional-hazards models were used to estimate the hazard ratios and 95% confidence interval of type 2 diabetes mellitus incidence in relation to carbohydrate antigen 125 concentrations. Results: In all, 1594 incident cases of type 2 diabetes mellitus were observed after a median follow-up of 4.6 years. Carbohydrate antigen 125 concentrations were categorized into four groups according to the quartiles of distribution: <1.1, 1.1–5.6, 5.6–10.0 and ⩾10 U/mL. Compared with participants in the lowest quartile, the hazard ratio (95% confidence interval) of type 2 diabetes mellitus was 0.97 (0.81–1.15), 1.23 (1.05–1.45) and 1.48 (1.27–1.74) for quartile 2–quartile 4 of carbohydrate antigen 125 concentrations after adjustment for potential confounders ( p for trend < 0.001). With per–standard deviation increase in carbohydrate antigen 125 levels, the hazard ratio of type 2 diabetes mellitus increased 12% (95% confidence interval, 8–16). Conclusion: Findings from this study indicated that serum carbohydrate antigen 125 concentrations were positively correlated with incident type 2 diabetes mellitus risk among a middle-aged and elderly Chinese population.
High-density lipoprotein cholesterol and the risk of obstructive coronary artery disease beyond low-density lipoprotein cholesterol in non-diabetic individuals
Authors: Kim Yong-Giun , Cho Young-Rak , Park Gyung-Min , Won Ki-Bum , Ann Soe H , Yang Dong H , Kang Joon-Won , Lim Tae-Hwan , Kim Hong-Kyu , Choe Jaewon , Lee Seung-Whan , Kim Young-Hak , Yang Yu J , Kim Shin-Jae , Lee Sang-Gon 
Published: April 2019

Aims The relationship between high-density lipoprotein cholesterol and the severity of coronary artery disease beyond low-density lipoprotein cholesterol, the primary target of cholesterol-lowering therapy, remains uncertain. We evaluated the association between high-density lipoprotein cholesterol and obstructive coronary artery disease using parameters of any obstructive plaque, obstructive plaque in the left main coronary artery or proximal left anterior descending artery, and obstructive plaque in multi-vessels, according to low-density lipoprotein cholesterol levels. Methods and results We analyzed 5130 asymptomatic non-diabetics who underwent coronary computed tomography angiography for general health examination. Obstructive plaque was defined as a plaque with ≥50% luminal diameter stenosis. The participants were divided into three groups based on low-density lipoprotein cholesterol levels of ≤129, 130–159, and ≥160 mg/dl. The prevalence of any obstructive plaque (5.9% vs 6.4% vs 10.6%) and obstructive plaque in the left main coronary artery or proximal left anterior descending artery (2.1% vs 2.1% vs 4.3%) significantly increased with low-density lipoprotein cholesterol category (all p < 0.05). Compared with subjects with high-density lipoprotein cholesterol level ≥40 mg/dl, those with high-density lipoprotein cholesterol level <40 mg/dl had a significantly higher prevalence of any obstructive plaque (10.4% vs 5.1%), obstructive plaque in the left main coronary artery or proximal left anterior descending artery (3.6% vs 1.8%), and obstructive plaque in multi-vessels (4.3% vs 1.1%), only in the group with low-density lipoprotein cholesterol level ≤129 mg/dl (all p < 0.05). Multiple regression analysis showed that increased high-density lipoprotein cholesterol levels were associated with a reduced risk of all obstructive coronary artery disease parameters only in the group with low-density lipoprotein cholesterol level ≤129 mg/dl (all p < 0.05). Conclusion Increased high-density lipoprotein cholesterol levels were independently associated with a lower risk of obstructive coronary artery disease in asymptomatic non-diabetics with low low-density lipoprotein cholesterol levels.
Do rebreathing manoeuvres for non-invasive measurement of cardiac output during maximum exercise test alter the main cardiopulmonary parameters?
Authors: Vignati Carlo , Morosin Marco , Fusini Laura , Pezzuto Beatrice , Spadafora Emanuele , De Martino Fabiana , Salvioni Elisabetta , Rovai Sara , Filardi Pasquale P , Sinagra Gianfranco , Agostoni Piergiuseppe 
Published: April 2019

Background Inert gas rebreathing has been recently described as an emergent reliable non-invasive method for cardiac output determination during exercise, allowing a relevant improvement of cardiopulmonary exercise test clinical relevance. For cardiac output measurements by inert gas rebreathing, specific respiratory manoeuvres are needed which might affect pivotal cardiopulmonary exercise test parameters, such as exercise tolerance, oxygen uptake and ventilation vs carbon dioxide output (VE/VCO2) relationship slope. Method We retrospectively analysed cardiopulmonary exercise testing of 181 heart failure patients who underwent both cardiopulmonary exercise testing and cardiopulmonary exercise test+cardiac output within two months (average 16 ± 15 days). All patients were in stable clinical conditions (New York Heart Association I–III) and on optimal medical therapy. Results The majority of patients were in New York Heart Association Class I and II (78.8%), with a mean left ventricular ejection fraction of 31 ± 10%. No difference was found between the two tests in oxygen uptake at peak exercise (1101 (interquartile range 870–1418) ml/min at cardiopulmonary exercise test vs 1103 (844–1389) at cardiopulmonary exercise test-cardiac output) and at anaerobic threshold. However, anaerobic threshold and peak heart rate, peak workload (75 (58–101) watts and 64 (42–90), p < 0.01) and carbon dioxide output were significantly higher at cardiopulmonary exercise testing than at cardiopulmonary exercise test+cardiac output, whereas VE/VCO2 slope was higher at cardiopulmonary exercise test+cardiac output (30 (27–35) vs 33 (28–37), p < 0.01). Conclusion The similar anaerobic threshold and peak oxygen uptake in the two tests with a lower peak workload and higher VE/VCO2 slope at cardiopulmonary exercise test+cardiac output suggest a higher respiratory work and consequent demand for respiratory muscle blood flow secondary to the ventilatory manoeuvres. Accordingly, VE/VCO2 slope and peak workload must be evaluated with caution during cardiopulmonary exercise test+cardiac output.