bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Childhood maltreatment as a risk factor for cancer: Findings from a population-based survey of Canadian adults
Authors: Hovdestad Wendy , Shields Margot , Shaw Amanda , Tonmyr Lil 
Published: July 2019

Abstract
Background

Childhood maltreatment (CM) is an established risk factor for various mental and substance use disorders. This study adds to existing evidence that CM may also be a risk factor for cancer.

Methods

Based on data from a sample of 9,783 men and 12,132 women from the 2012 Canadian Community Health Survey - Mental Health (CCHS - MH), this analysis explores mediated associations between cancer in adulthood and different levels of exposure to three types of CM—childhood physical abuse (CPA), childhood sexual abuse (CSA), and childhood exposure to intimate partner violence (CEIPV). “Cancer” was defined as an affirmative response to either of these questions: ‘‘Do you have cancer?’’ or ‘‘Have you ever been diagnosed with cancer?’’ The potential mediators were: smoking, depression, alcohol abuse/dependence, life stress, obesity, and physical activity.

Results

For women, but not men, having experienced CM was significantly associated with a cancer diagnosis in adulthood, even when effects due to age and socio-demographic characteristics were controlled. Smoking, life stress, depression, and alcohol abuse/dependence reduced the strength of the association between CM and cancer in women. However, most associations remained statistically significant when controlling for effects due to these behavioural and other mediators. Evidence indicated a “dose-response” relationship, in that the likelihood of reporting cancer increased with the number of abuse types (CPA, CSA, CEIPV) reported, and with the severity of CPA.

Conclusions

The analyses suggest an association between CM and cancer in women, even when the effects of known risk factors were taken into account. The association was graded, becoming stronger as CM exposure increased. Implications for the provision of cancer screening and other health care services to women with histories of CM to reduce health disparities are discussed.
Implementation of an anaesthesia quality improvement programme to reduce fibreoptic bronchoscope repair incidents
Authors: Lu Hsiao-Feng , Hung Kuo-Chuan , Chiang Min-Hsien , Yang Johnson Chia-Shen , Luo Sheng-Dean , Chin Jo-Chi , Wang Chih-Hsien , Sun Cheuk-Kwan , Wu Shao-Chun 
Published: July 2019

Abstract
BACKGROUND

This study aimed at investigating the effectiveness of the implementation of a comprehensive quality improvement programme (QIP) for reducing the repair rate of fibreoptic bronchoscope (FOB).

METHODS

A three-stage improvement strategy was implemented between January 2013 and 2016 December. Stage One: Acquisition of information on violations of practice guidelines, repair rate, cost of repair and incidence of unavailability of FOB during anaesthesia induction of the previous year through auditing. Stage Two: Implementation of a quality improvement campaign (QIC) based on results of Stage One. Stage Three: Programme perpetuation through monitoring compliance with policy on FOB use by regular internal audits. The effectiveness was retrospectively analyzed on a yearly basis.

RESULTS

The annual repair rate, repair cost, and incidence of FOB unavailability before the QIP implementation were 1%, USD18,757, and 1.4% respectively. After QIC, the repair rate in 2013 dropped by 81% (from 1% in 2012 to 0.19% in 2013, p<0.05). The annual repair cost fell by 32% from USD18,758 (2012) to USD12,820 (2013). Besides, the incidence of FOB unavailability plummeted by 71% from 1.4% to 0.4% during the same period. The annual repair rates and incidence of FOB unavailability remained lower in subsequent three years than those before QIP implementation.

CONCLUSIONS

Implementation of a quality improvement programme was effective for reducing the rate and cost of FOB repair as well as unavailability rate, highlighting its beneficial impact on cost-effectiveness and patient safety in a tertiary referral center setting.
Efficacy of air purifier therapy for patients with allergic asthma
Authors: LUO Jiaying , Chen Zhao , Ou Li-li , Lin Xin-yuan , Liu Hai-cheng , Fan Li-min , Sun Bao-qing 
Published: July 2019

Abstract
Background and Objectives: The prevalence of allergic disease, which has a severely negative effect on patients' quality of life, has been increasing in recent years. Environmental intervention is internationally regarded as a feasible method for controlling asthma. Thus, this study aimed to evaluate the efficacy of air purifier therapy for patients with allergic asthma.
Methods: In total, 38 subjects were divided into a treatment group and a control group. All subjects were under the age of eighteen years and had been clinically diagnosed with allergic asthma. The treatment group used High Efficiency Particulate Air (HEPA) air purifiers for six consecutive months, and the control group did not use the air filters. Particulate matter (PM) data and dust samples (bedding and a static point) were collected from the subjects' bedrooms before they started to use the air purifiers and each month thereafter. Simultaneously, the subjects were asked to complete a questionnaire for the Asthma Control Test (ACT) or Childhood Asthma Control Test (C-ACT). Fractional exhaled nitric oxide (FENO) tests were performed at the start and end of the study. The concentrations of Der p1 and Der f1 were measured in the dust samples.
Results: 1. After utilizing an air purifier, the concentrations of house dust mite (HDM) allergens (Der p1+ Der f1) in the bedding and static samples decreased by 68.3% and 71.0%, respectively. In addition, the PMindoor/outdoor levels significantly decreased. 2. The ACT and C-ACT scores in the treatment group maintained a steady significant upward trend. 3. At the end of the study, the FENO levels in both groups were lower, although the differences were not significant.
Conclusions: HEPA air purifiers are able to decrease indoor HDM allergen and PM levels and improve quality of life in allergic asthma patients.
The effects of age, cigarette smoking, sex and race on the qualitative characteristics of lung transcriptome
Authors: Guan Qingzhou , Zhang Juan , Guo You , Xia Jie , Zhang Jiahui , Xie Jiajing , Cai Hao , Yan Haidan , Wang Xianlong , Guo Zheng 
Published: July 2019

Abstract
Background

Methods based on within-sample relative expression orderings (REOs) comparisons could be applied for various medical issues such as individualized diagnosis of cancer and subtype identification etc., it could also be used for identifying differentially expressed genes (DEGs) at the individual level and detecting disease-associated genes based on one-phenotype disease data by reusing data of normal samples from other sources. However, the common potential confounding factors, including age, cigarette smoking, sex and race whether could affect the REOs of gene pairs is still unclear. Here, we evaluated these confounding factors on the REOs of gene pairs within normal lung tissues transcriptome.

Results

For one confounding factor, based on the number of related gene pairs or DEGs, the effect of this confounding factor on REO was evaluated. Our results showed that age has little effect on REOs within lung tissues. We found that about 0.23% of the significantly stable REOs of gene pairs in non-smokers’ lung tissues are reversed in smokers’ lung tissues, introduced by 344 DEGs between the two groups of samples (RankCompV2, FDR < 0.05), which are enriched in metabolism of xenobiotics by cytochrome P450, glutathione metabolism and other pathways (hypergeometric test, FDR < 0.05). Comparison between the normal lung tissue samples of males and females revealed fewer reversal REOs introduced by 24 DEGs between the sex groups, among which 19 DEGs are located on sex chromosomes and 5 DEGs involving in spermatogenesis and regulation of oocyte are located on autosomes. Between the normal lung tissue samples of white and black people, we identified 22 DEGs (RankCompV2, FDR < 0.05) which introduced a few reversal REOs between the two races.

Conclusions

In summary, the REO-based study should consider the confounding factors of cigarette smoking, sex and race.
Factors Associated with Gastrointestinal Bleeding During Hospitalization for Transcatheter Aortic Valve Replacement: A Retrospective Cohort Study
Authors: Spiewak Ted Andrew , Eskandari Armen , Wang Tim W. , Bang Heejung , Stripe Benjamin R. , Choi Jeong W. , Wong Garrett B. , Southard Jeffrey A. , Boyd Walter D. , Tejaswi Sooraj 
Published: July 2019

Abstract
Background & Aims

Gastrointestinal bleeding (GIB) is the most common bleeding complication post transcatheter aortic valve replacement (TAVR). Yet, the literature is sparse and incomplete. This study aims to identify the incidence and risk factors for GIB immediately following TAVR.

Methods

A retrospective study was performed among 489 patients who were hospitalized for TAVR at UC Davis Medical Center from (January 1, 2012 to June 30, 2017). The incidence of both upper and lower GIB, and potential risk factors during the same hospitalization were reviewed. Univariate analysis was done to identify independent risk factors.

Results

Mean age was 81.6 years and 49% were male, 23% had CKD3 or worse, 34% had history of prior GIB. Mean baseline Hgb and platelet count were 12.0 g/dl and 197000/ml, respectively. Dual antiplatelet therapy and anticoagulation were used in 396 (81%) and 155 (32%) patients, respectively. Gastric prophylaxis with either PPIs or H2 receptor blockers was used in 336 (69%). Incidence of GIB was 1.4% (7/489) with 5 cases of upper GIB, 1 small intestinal GIB and 1 lower GIB. The most common culprit lesion found during endoscopy was angiodysplasia (3/5) and successful endoscopic intervention was performed. On univariate regression analysis, only a low hemoglobin level on admission was associated with increased likelihood of GIB (OR=1.49, p=0.051 per 1 g/dl decrease).

Conclusions

GIB is rare immediately post-TAVR. Angiodysplasia was the most common etiology in our series. Baseline anemia is a predictor of GIB in this setting.
Evaluating the rate of contamination of raw milk with pathogenic biotypes of Yersinia enterocolitica in the North-East of Iran
Authors: Movafagh Fahimeh , Zeinali Tayebeh , Jamshidi Abdollah 
Published: July 2019

Abstract
Objective: This study aimed to evaluate the contamination rate of raw milk to Y. enterocolitica and biotyping of isolated organisms.
Results: The results showed 33% of raw milk samples were contaminated with Yersinia enterocolitica. 1A biotype was the predominant one (26%) but two pathogenic biotypes including 1B (6%) and 5 (1%) were also detected. Isolation of potentially pathogenic Y. enterocolitica from raw milk and consequently its presence in dairy products which are made from raw milk is a public health hazard.
Effect of Community Led Total Sanitation and Hygiene (CLTSH) Implementation program on Latrine Utilization among Adult Villagers of North Ethiopia. A Cross-sectional Study
Authors: Gebremariam Brhane , Tsehaye Kenfe 
Published: July 2019

Abstract
Objective

Absence of latrine remains a common public health problem in most of the Sub-Saharan Africa countries. A cross-sectional study was conducted to assess the effect of community-led total sanitation and hygiene approach implementation and associated factors among villages of Laelai Maichew District, Tigray, and North Ethiopia.

Results

This study revealed that the rate of latrine use in the rural community of Laelai-Maichew district was about 46.8%. The majority, 71.1% of households in CLTSH implemented Villages and 93.5%of households in CLTSH non-implemented Villages did not have hand washing facility around their latrine. Community-led to total sanitation and hygiene non-implemented villages were 49% times less likely to utilize their latrine compared to those community-led total sanitation implemented villages [AOR=0.51 95% CI (0.35, 0.75)]. Households owned latrines for two and above years were 1.5 more likely to utilize their latrine [AOR=1.50 95% CI (1.21, 2.59)] than those of owning latrines for less than two years. In this study, latrine use rate was low. As a result, the local, national governmental and non-governmental organization should design programs to create behavioral changes on the community’s attitude towards latrine utilization.
Data transformation models utilized in Bayesian probabilistic forecast considering inflow forecasts
Authors: Xu Wei , Fu Xiaoying , Li Xia , Wang Ming 
Published: July 2019

AbstractThis paper presents a new Bayesian probabilistic forecast (BPF) model to improve the efficiency and reliability of normal distribution transformation and to describe the uncertainties of medium-range forecasting inflows with 10 days forecast horizons. In this model, the inflow data will be transformed twice to a standard normal distribution. The Box–Cox (BC) model is first used to quickly transform the inflow data with a normal distribution, and then, the transformed data are converted to a standard normal distribution by the meta-Gaussian (MG) model. Based on the transformed inflows in the standard normal distribution, the prior and likelihood density functions of the BPF are established, respectively. In this study, the newly developed model is tested on China's Huanren hydropower reservoir and is compared with BPFs using MG and BC, separately. Comparative results show that the new BPF model exhibits significantly improved data transformation efficiency and forecast accuracy.
Integrated hydrological modelling of surface water and groundwater under climate change: the case of the Mygdonia basin in Greece
Authors: Malamataris Dimitrios , Kolokytha Elpida , Loukas Athanasios 
Published: July 2019

Abstract
Lakes Volvi and Koronia are located in the Mygdonia basin and constitute the second and fifth largest natural lakes in Greece, respectively. The lakes along with the Mygdonia basin aquifer have undergone severe quantitative and qualitative degradation, while Lake Koronia has been totally depleted in recent years. In this study, a fully integrated hydrological analysis of the Mygdonia basin for historical and future periods is carried out. Future climatic data were derived and analyzed from a Regional Climate Model, while the implications of climate change on the water balance of both lakes and the Mygdonia basin aquifer until 2100 were projected by developing a modelling system which includes coupled hydrological and hydraulic models, such as UTHBAL, MIKE SHE, MIKE HYDRO River and the MIKE HYDRO Basin. The results indicated that the precipitation is expected to decrease by 17%, the temperature to increase by 2.90 °C and as a result, the surface runoff is projected to decrease by 21% and the groundwater recharge to decrease by 38% in the Mygdonia basin at the end of the century. The above changes would have a direct negative impact on the Lakes Koronia and Volvi and the Mygdonia basin aquifer future water balance necessitating adaptation measures.
ICT-competence of university lecturers: diagnostics and development
Authors: Chuvgunova O. A. 
Published: July 2019

The purpose of the study. This article is devoted to reveal the directions of development of lecturers’ information and communication technology (ICT) competences. The level of lecturers’ ICT-competence, feedback from students about efficiency of ICT using at the University, structure of lecturers’ ICT-competence and communicative competence correlation, lecturers’ demands in ICT-competence training were investigated. Methods. Lecturers’ survey (questionnaire “ICT-using by University lecturers” by O. Chuvgunova), students’ survey (questionnaire “ICT at University: students’ feedback” by O. Chuvgunova), psychological test (“Communicative skills test” by L. Michelson), math statistics methods. Sample was formed from lecturers (N = 102) and students (N = 198) of St. Petersburg University. Results. Results show that lecturers have high marks of base level and technological level of ICT competence. Lecturers have ICT literacy and can use ICT as a tool for communication with students. But professional level of the most part of participants’ ICT competence is not developed well enough. Hence, some lecturers cannot create and implement new instruments, methods into educational process through ICT. The feedback from undergraduates demonstrates that students appreciate highly using ICT at their faculties. Respondents think that ICT improves the effectiveness of learning process. At the same time, it is important for students to take into account their individual characteristics and the optimal balance between virtual and “live” communication. Study revealed positive correlation between indicators of ICT competence and communicative competence. Lecturers with high communicative competence have high level of ICT competence and high self-rating of their own ICT competence. Lecturers are interested in ICT-competence training. Mostly, they use different courses and self-education. Most lecturers do not have a plan of their ICT-competence development. Conclusion. The study found out such directions of lecturers’ ICT-competence development, as:– using ICT as a resource of improvement of educational process, development of students’ intelligence and creativity; – lecturers should take into account students’ individual features and students’ feedback through ICT using; – enhancement of lecturers’ communicative competence as a necessary skill of interactive ICT using; – efficiency increase of lecturers’ ICT competence training through permanent educational environment and consulting by ICT specialists.
Novel Insight into Differential Gene Expression and Clinical Significance of Dopamine Receptors, COMT, and IL6 in BPH and Prostate Cancer
Authors: Akbarian Fatemeh , Abolhasani Maryam , Dadkhah Farid , Asadi Farrokh , Ahangari Ghasem 
Published: July 2019

Background:
Benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) and prostate cancer (PCa)
are the most prevalent diseases in male population, implicated with fundamental
differences between benign and malignant growth of prostate cells. An imbalance
through a network of nervous, endocrine, and immune systems initiate a signal of
altered growth from the brain to the prostate gland, leading to adverse effects such as
inflammation.

Objective:
The aim of this study was to evaluate the gene expression of dopamine
receptor family, COMT, and IL6 to identify novel correlations in BPH and PCa in both
blood and tumor of the patients.

Method:
Peripheral blood mononuclear cells from BPH (n= 30) and PCa (n= 30)
patients, and prostate tumor tissues (n= 14) along with pathologically normal adjacent
tissues (n= 14) were isolated, mRNA was extracted, and cDNA was synthesized,
respectively. Quantitative real- time PCR was applied for DRD1- DRD5, COMT, and IL6
genes in all samples.

Results:
We found, for the first time, that the expression of COMT and IL6 genes were
inversely correlated with the expression of DRD1 and DRD2 genes through the extent of
differentiation of PCa from BPH condition. In addition, the PSA levels were correlated
with the expression of DRD1 in BPH cases and DRD1, DRD4, DRD5, and IL6 in PCa
cases.

Conclusion:
Results implicate a potential cross- talk between the signaling pathways
derived by IL6 cytokine and dopamine receptors in PCa. Thus, it seems promising to reassemble
the consequent signaling pathways by adequate agonists and antagonists to
help increase therapeutic efficacy.
A Comparative Chemometric Study for Quantitative Determination of Duloxetine Hydrochloride in the Presence of its Toxic Impurity 1-Naphthol
Authors: Anwar Basma H. , Abdelhamid Nessreen S. , Magdy Maimana A. , Naguib Ibrahim A. 
Published: July 2019

Background:Duloxetine hydrochloride (DUL) is a serotonin-norepinephrine reuptake inhibitor. It is used for treating depression and anxiety. It is available in the market as a capsule called Cymbatex®, which is used for the treatment of depression. 1-naphthol is a potential impurity of DUL. It is hepatotoxic to humans and has potential toxicity to freshwater fish.Objective:Duloxetine hydrochloride was determined in the presence of its toxic impurity 1-naphthol in raw material and in pharmaceutical dosage forms using three multivariate calibration chemometric methods.Methods:Classical Least Squares (CLS), Partial Least-Squares (PLS) and linear support vector regression (SVR) were developed using UV spectral data. The three methods were compared among each other and the advantages and disadvantages were discussed. For good results, a two-factor four-level experimental design was used, resulting in a training set of 16 mixtures containing different ratios of each component. The test set consisting of nine mixtures was necessary to test the ability of the proposed methods to predict DUL in the presence of its impurity, 1-naphthol.Results:The results show the success of the three developed methods to determine DUL in the presence of small levels of its toxic impurity with good accuracy and selectivity. The results of the dosage form were compared statistically to that of the reported HPLC method, with no significant difference in accuracy and precision.Conclusion:The suggested calibration models are suitable for routine analysis of the drug in bulk and pharmaceutical dosage forms. Compared to the CLS and PLS models, the SVR model gives the best results regarding the accuracy with a lower prediction error and better generalization ability. However, the CLS and PLS models are found to be simpler and faster in usage and management.
STRUKTUR ATOM BERDASARKAN ILMU KIMIA DAN PERSPEKTIF AL-QURAN
Authors: Sabarni Sabarni 
Published: July 2019

The atomic structure is one of the chemical metrics studied in high schools and universities. The concept of atomic structure in learning chemistry in schools and universities is usually not associated with religion, especially the Qur'an, so as if learning atomic structure is a separate science and has no connection with the Qur'an. To show that the Qur'an is a guideline for humanity, including examining the natural sciences including chemistry, the authors want to examine the concept of atomic structure based on chemistry and the perspective of the Qur'an which aims to determine the concept of the development of atomic models, particles basic and electron configurations based on chemistry and the Qur'anic perspective. The data collection technique used in this study is literature (Library Research), namely studying the Qur’an and studying reading books, journals, dictates, dictionaries, and scientific works. From this study shows that the Qur'an has been proven to explain the concept of atomic structure first and in the Qur'an there is the concept of atomic structure which is in line with the chemical concept proposed by chemists.