bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Mechanistically Inspired Kinetic Approach to Describe Interactions During Co‐Culture Growth of Carnobacterium maltaromaticum and Listeria monocytogenes
Authors: Pedrozo Hector A. , Dallagnol Andrea M. , Vignolo Graciela M. , Pucciarelli Amada B. , Schvezov Carlos E. 
Published: August 2019

AbstractLactic acid bacteria and Listeria monocytogenes are psychotropic organisms that can grow and compete in food such as lightly preserved fishery products. Predictive microbiology is nowadays one of the leading tools to assess the behavior of bacteria in food and to predict food spoilage. Mathematical models can be used to predict the growth, inactivation or growth probability of bacteria. Currently, the efforts in microbial modeling are oriented towards extrapolation of results beyond experiments in order to predict the growth of interacting microorganisms and develop new food preservation processes. In the present work, a model combining both heterogeneous population and quasi‐chemical approaches to describe the different phases of the bacterial growth curve is presented. The model was applied to both monoculture and co‐culture cases of lactic acid bacteria, Carnobacterium maltaromaticum H‐17, and two Listeria monocytogenes strains in a raw fish extract. It is a highlight that our model includes novel inhibition reactions due to the accumulation of metabolites, and a general equation to take into account the effect of chemical compounds during the lag or physiological adaptation phase of the cells. Our results show that the proposed model can accurately describe the experimental data when the curve shape is a sigmoid, and when it presents a maximum. Besides, the parameters have biological interpretability since the model is mechanistically inspired.
Short‐term effects of a severe drought on avian diversity and abundance in a Pampas Agroecosystem
Authors: Weyland Federico , Baudry Jacques , Ghersa Claudio 
Published: August 2019

AbstractAgroecosystems are naturally variable at different scales showing strong environmental variations through time and in space. Therefore, temporal dynamics should be taken into account to understand the species‐habitat relationship and provide information for biodiversity management. Droughts are climatic events that introduce variations in environmental conditions by reducing food resources and are increasing in severity and frequency due to global climate change. In 2008, a severe drought occurred in the argentine Pampas, which allowed us to test its short‐term effect on avian diversity patterns according to different land uses. Also, we could test how variations in net primary productivity affected bird populations and explore the usefulness of this ecological process as an indicator of ecosystem service supply applicable to different ecological contexts. We surveyed bird diversity in two consecutive years (2007–2008) in the Rolling Pampas of Argentina, and we assessed environmental attributes at two spatial scales. We explored the relationship between bird diversity and an ecosystem services provision index (ESPI) that uses a proxy of net primary productivity and its intra‐annual variation to test its adequacy in the changing conditions, we conducted our surveys. Results showed that drought affected negatively both species richness and abundance as a consequence of net primary productivity reductions. There was not a clear association of diversity changes with land use, and it is probable that the effect of drought is a complex combination of productivity, land use and spatial scale. ESPI proved robust in front of the environmental changes, and its predictive capacity was better at larger scales. These results are promising for the assessment of ecosystem services provision in a context of global climate changes.Abstract in Spanish is available with online material.
Seasonal cycle of seed dormancy controls the recruitment ofButia odorata(ARECACEAE) seedlings in savanna‐like palm tree formations in southern Brazil
Authors: Schlindwein Gilson , Schlindwein Carolina Casco Duarte , Dillenburg Lucia Rebello 
Published: August 2019

AbstractButia odorata(Barb. Rodr.) Noblick is a palm tree that grows in savanna‐like formations in subtropical regions of South America, and whose regeneration is threatened by agricultural management. Its diaspores are dormant after dispersal which takes place during the summer and early autumn. The aim of this study was to investigate seasonal and microhabitat effects on the germination and seedling recruitment of this palm species. Diaspores were sown in the field, in both open lands and forest patches. During 2 years, we measured seed germination, viability and moisture, seedling emergence and germination response to warm stratification of those seeds that failed to germinate in the field. Germination was concentrated during the summer, when soil temperatures were highest, whilst seedling emergence peaked in the autumn and early winter, when temperature and humidity conditions became less extreme. In open lands, there were two pulses of germination (first and second summer), whilst in forest patches, a single pulse (second summer) was detected. Although overall germination did not differ between microhabitats, the percentage of seedling emergence from seeds that remained buried until the end of the experiment was almost twice as large in the forest patches compared with open areas. The viability of seeds declined over time, particularly in open areas. Laboratory‐induced warm stratification was found to act on seed dormancy release in a cyclic way, being far more effective on seeds retrieved from the field in spring–summer months than in those retrieved in the winter. This cyclic pattern of dormancy inB. odorataseeds results in major seedling recruitment after the summer, under wetter and cooler conditions, thus reducing mortality risk. This process can be enhanced by the presence of surrounding vegetation, which both increases seedling emergence and/or prolongs seed viability.
Reviewing the extent of rural and remote considerations in elder abuse policy: A scoping review
Authors: Blundell Barbara , Warren Amy 
Published: August 2019

AbstractObjectiveTo identify national and international research and literature focussed on policy responses to elder abuse in rural and remote communities to generate recommendations for Australian responses.DesignScoping literature review.SettingAustralia (some international policy also included).ParticipantsNational and international elder abuse policy documents relating to rural and remote responses were reviewed. Seventy‐two stakeholders were invited to contribute literature that may have been missed in the scoping review.Main outcome measure(s)Identification of the extent to which issues for rural and remote communities were discussed in elder abuse policy.ResultOf the 13 Australian policy documents reviewed, only four made mention of rural and remote communities, though this was generally only in regard to increase in vulnerability. No mention of these communities were identified in reviewed global policy. One document focussing on abuse in rural and remote Indigenous communities highlighted the importance of developing culturally appropriate responses hinged on community collaboration and consultation.ConclusionConsideration of rural and remote communities in elder abuse policy is generally not meaningful. It is recommended that future policy development includes recognition of the distinct features of elder abuse in rural and remote communities, as well as how these features may impact on prevention and responses in these locations. These features include geographical isolation, lack of access to services and transportation, confidentiality and privacy issues, and the need for culturally sensitive approaches to address elder abuse for Indigenous people which take into account the impact of historical disenfranchisement.
Socio‐economic disparity in global burden of near vision loss: an analysis for 2017 with time trends since 1990
Authors: Wang Yijie , Lou Lixia , Cao Jing , Shao Ji , Ye Juan 
Published: August 2019

AbstractPurposeTo investigate the socio‐economic disparity in global burden of near vision loss by disability‐adjusted life‐years (DALYs).MethodsThe DALY numbers of country income groups by World Bank classification and the national age‐standardized DALY rates caused by near vision loss were obtained from Global Burden of Disease Study 2017. Human development index (HDI) was collected from the Human Development Report. The association between age‐standardized DALY rates and HDI was analysed. Additionally, the concentration index (CI) and the relative index of inequality (RII) were employed to assess the trends of socio‐economic disparity in the global burden of near vision loss from 1990 to 2017.ResultsThe global burden of near vision loss increased from 5.3 million DALYs in 1990 to 9.8 million DALYs in 2017, corresponding to an increase of 82.4%. The highest rate of increase for 1990–2017 occurred in low‐income country group (97.7%). Age‐standardized DALY rates were inversely correlated with HDI (Standardized β = −0.679, P < 0.001). Lower HDI countries displayed higher age‐standardized DALY rates caused by near vision loss. From 1990 to 2017, CI declined from −0.233 to −0.209, and RII increased from 0.149 to 0.247.ConclusionThe total global burden of near vision loss increased greatly in the past few decades, with low‐income countries showing the highest growth. The age‐standardized burden was higher in countries with lower socio‐economic status. Although a declining trend of socio‐economic inequalities was observed, the persistence of disparities still highlights the need to provide more eye care services for developing countries.
Development of a stratification tool to identify pancreatic intraductal papillary mucinous neoplasms at lowest risk of progression
Authors: Overbeek Kasper A. , Alblas Maaike , Gausman Valerie , Kandel Pujan , Schweber Adam B. , Brooks Christian , Van Riet Priscilla A. , Wallace Michael B. , Gonda Tamas A. , Cahen Djuna L. , Bruno Marco J. 
Published: August 2019

SummaryBackgroundBecause most pancreatic intraductal papillary mucinous neoplasms (IPMNs) will never become malignant, currently advocated long‐term surveillance is low‐yield for most individuals.AimTo develop a score chart identifying IPMNs at lowest risk of developing worrisome features or high‐risk stigmata.MethodsWe combined prospectively maintained pancreatic cyst surveillance databases of three academic institutions. Patients were included if they had a presumed side‐branch IPMN, without worrisome features or high‐risk stigmata at baseline (as defined by the 2012 international Fukuoka guidelines), and were followed ≥ 12 months. The endpoint was development of one or more worrisome features or high‐risk stigmata during follow‐up. We created a multivariable prediction model using Cox‐proportional logistic regression analysis and performed an internal‐external validation.Results875 patients were included. After a mean follow‐up of 50 months (range 12‐157), 116 (13%) patients developed worrisome features or high‐risk stigmata. The final model included cyst size (HR 1.12, 95% CI 1.09‐1.15), cyst multifocality (HR 1.49, 95% CI 1.01‐2.18), ever having smoked (HR 1.40, 95% CI 0.95‐2.04), history of acute pancreatitis (HR 2.07, 95% CI 1.21‐3.55), and history of extrapancreatic malignancy (HR 1.34, 95% CI 0.91‐1.97). After validation, the model had good discriminative ability (C‐statistic 0.72 in the Mayo cohort, 0.71 in the Columbia cohort, 0.64 in the Erasmus cohort).ConclusionIn presumed side branch IPMNs without worrisome features or high‐risk stigmata at baseline, the Dutch‐American Risk stratification Tool (DART‐1) successfully identifies pancreatic lesions at low risk of developing worrisome features or high‐risk stigmata.
Laparoscopic fundoplication for a child with abdominal intrathecal Baclofen pump
Authors: Okata Yuichi , Bitoh Yuko , Aida Yosuke , Miyauchi Harunori , Nakatani Taichi , Tomioka Yuichiro 
Published: August 2019

AbstractThis is the first case report describing a laparoscopic fundoplication in a child with an intrathecal Baclofen pump which was inserted because of severe spasticity secondary to cerebral palsy. The child had symptoms of gastroesophageal reflux with recurrent episodes of aspiration pneumonia. These were managed with a gastrostomy and conservative therapy with no success. The presence of an intrathecal Baclofen pump makes abdominal surgery challenging and carries the risk of pump infection with its associated sequelae. However, we performed a successful laparoscopic fundoplication with no intraoperative complications and the child was asymptomatic at 18 months follow‐up.
Plant ecology of tropical and subtropical karst ecosystems
Authors: Geekiyanage Nalaka , Goodale Uromi Manage , Cao Kunfang , Kitajima Kaoru 
Published: August 2019

AbstractSubstantial areas of tropical forests, including those within nine tropical biodiversity hotspots, contain karst landscapes that have developed on soluble carbonate rocks. Here, we review how the ecology of karst forest trees is influenced by hydrological, edaphic, and topographic factors that exhibit fine spatial heterogeneity. Comparative analysis of drought tolerance traits including wood density contributes to the assessment of whether karst tree species are more drought‐tolerant compared to non‐karst trees. Although karst ecosystems are generally considered to have low phosphorus availability, foliar nitrogen‐to‐phosphorus ratios exhibit wide variation across karst regions without a clear difference from non‐karst ecosystems. According to the analyses of leaf phenology, stem water storage, and isotopic signatures from xylem sap, water use strategies of karst trees can be classified into five types: (a) soil water dependent, (b) epikarst water dependent (mainly use water stored in fine pores and gaps within the epikarst rock during the dry season), (c) groundwater dependent, (d) fog water dependent, and (e) drought‐deciduous (shed leaves during the dry season). Overall, published data suggest that only a subset of karst tree species are exclusively distributed within karst hilltops where water availability is limited. The diverse resource acquisition and utilization strategies of karst plants across edaphic habitats must be considered when developing effective strategies to conserve and restore biodiversity in karst landscapes, which are under increasing anthropogenic pressure.
Perceived social support among adolescents in Residential Youth Care
Authors: Singstad Marianne Tevik , Wallander Jan Lance , Lydersen Stian , Wichstrøm Lars , Kayed Nanna Sønnichsen 
Published: August 2019

AbstractSocial support may be of particular importance for vulnerable adolescents' development and health and can help them to cope with stressful life events. However, knowledge of perceived social support among adolescents in Residential Youth Care (RYC) is sparse. The present study therefore aimed to investigate perceived social support among adolescents in Norwegian RYC (N = 304, mean age 16.3 years, girls 57.2%), using a short form of the Social Support Questionnaire. The results were compared with adolescents in the general population. The findings revealed that adolescents in RYC reported a lower number of support persons compared with the general population. Both populations reported a decreasing number of support persons as they aged, except for girls in RYC. The adolescents in both populations were satisfied with the support perceived, especially those with the highest number of support persons. However, social support providers differed between the two populations; RYC adolescents reported their extended family, other sources of support, and the institutional staff more often and their parents less. The findings are important for adolescents living in RYC, as knowledge of their social support network could influence the current practices and ensure contact with important support persons, affecting their development and health.
Judicial empowerment expanded: Political determinants of national courts' cooperation with the CJEU
Authors: Mayoral Juan A. 
Published: August 2019

AbstractScholars in EU studies have developed diverse justifications for explaining why national judges cooperate with the Court of Justice of the European Union. In this regard, judicial empowerment theories have stressed the strategic importance of cooperation for empowering national courts vis‐à‐vis high courts and political actors. Nevertheless, these explanations have been restricted to the use of preliminary references by lower courts. This contribution expands the explanatory power of these approaches by exploring other potential scenarios and instruments that national judges can use to challenge the position of their governments and judicial superiors, for example, by emphasising the importance of CJEU precedent for their strategic behaviour. By offering new data collected from case‐law and surveys, this article offers a more systematic assessment of the relevance of cooperation for national judges to reinforce their authority against other institutions. The findings call for a revision of the traditional understanding of judicial empowerment theories.
Behaviour of upstream migrating adult salmon (Salmo salar L.) in the tailrace channels of hydropeaking hydropower plants
Authors: Vehanen Teppo , Louhi Pauliina , Huusko Ari , Mäki‐Petäys Aki , van der Meer Olli , Orell Panu , Huusko Riina , Jaukkuri Mikko , Sutela Tapio 
Published: August 2019

AbstractIn hydropeaking rivers, flow regulation typically follows demands in electricity consumption. One hundred and twenty one adult salmon were tagged with radio transmitters to study their spawning run migration patterns in hydropeaking conditions. The fish were released in small groups into the rivers Kemijoki and Iijoki, in Finland. Typically, salmon made subsequent up‐ and downstream movements ascending upstream to the tailrace of the power station and then descending again downstream to lower water velocities. The rate of these migration attempts was higher in mid‐summer and at relatively high flows. On an hourly basis, the pattern of migration attempts followed a trend of increasing attempts at dawn and higher discharges and a decreasing trend towards dusk and low flows. It was concluded that day length and discharge were the most important environmental factors, while temperature had less effect on the pattern of migration attempts.
The participatory turn in local policies: A product of the market
Authors: Mazeaud Alice , Nonjon Magali 
Published: August 2019

AbstractThis article examines the relationship between local participatory policies and their market in France. The study stems from long‐term field research drawing on a variety of materials: qualitative interviews with citizen participation professionals (consultants or civil servants), questionnaires, and an analysis of public procurement. This study depicts the way both the industry and the policies of citizen participation are structured in France. It also explores how French participatory policies are coproduced through mechanisms of competition–collusion between clients (mainly local public authorities) and providers (consultants). Finally, the study questions the effects of this market on local policies, showing that the market cannot be interpreted as an unequivocal sign of a decline in actors along with political stakes in public policies.
Sexual abuse and violence against people with intellectual disability and physical impairments: Characteristics of police‐investigated cases in a Norwegian national sample
Authors: Åker Tone H. , Johnson Miriam S. 
Published: August 2019

AbstractBackgroundAlthough people with disabilities are more exposed to violence and sexual abuse, research on the judicial process in such cases is still lacking. This study uses crime statistics to describe this phenomenon.MethodA national sample from the National Criminal Investigation Service in Norway was analysed for the period October 2015 to December 2017.ResultsThe total number of alleged victims was 175, across 74 cases. The majority of the victims (71.2%) were females, subjected to a sexual offence. Overall, 30% of all cases led to a penal sanction.ConclusionThe study shows a preponderance of sexual offences against females with disabilities and few cases comprise violence. Relatively, few cases involve violations against children with disabilities. This might suggest an underreporting of such criminal acts. The knowledge of potential reasons why violent crime and offences against children with disabilities are absent from the data registry needs to be strengthened.
Aspirin inhibits proliferation and promotes differentiation of neuroblastoma cells via p21Waf1 protein up‐regulation and Rb1 pathway modulation
Authors: Pozzoli Giacomo , Petrucci Giovanna , Navarra Pierluigi , Marei Hany E. , Cenciarelli Carlo 
Published: August 2019

AbstractSeveral clinical and experimental studies have demonstrated that regular use of aspirin (acetylsalicylic acid, ASA) correlates with a reduced risk of cancer and that the drug exerts direct anti‐tumour effects. We have previously reported that ASA inhibits proliferation of human glioblastoma multiforme‐derived cancer stem cells. In the present study, we analysed the effects of ASA on nervous system‐derived cancer cells, using the SK‐N‐SH (N) human neuroblastoma cell line as an experimental model. ASA treatment of SK‐N‐SH (N) dramatically reduced cell proliferation and motility, and induced neuronal‐like differentiation, indicated by the appearance of the neuronal differentiation marker tyrosine hydroxylase (TH) after 5 days. ASA did not affect cell viability, but caused a time‐dependent accumulation of cells in the G0/G1 phase of the cell cycle, with a concomitant decrease in the percentage of cells in the G2 phase. These effects appear to be mediated by a COX‐independent mechanism involving an increase in p21Waf1 and underphosphorylated retinoblastoma (hypo‐pRb1) protein levels. These findings may support a potential role of ASA as adjunctive therapeutic agent in the clinical management of neuroblastoma.