bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Optimizing Nutrient Management for Enhanced Performance in Kadiri Lepakshi Groundnut
Authors: Sahana G. , Murthy K. N. Kalyana , Hanumanthappa D. C. , Prakasha H. C. , Anand M. R. , Raju B. Mohan 
Published: November 2024

The study was conducted to determine the optimal fertilizer levels for Kadiri Lepakshi groundnut. The experiment consists of eight treatments and was laid out in randomized complete block design with three replications. The present investigation was conducted at Integrated Farming System demonstration plot, ZARS, UAS, GKVK, Bengaluru Karnataka, during the summer of 2022 and Kharif 2023. Five plants from the sampling area were randomly selected and observations on growth and yield parameters were recorded at 30, 60 and 90 days after sowing (DAS) and at harvest. The results revealed that among the various nutrient levels, application of 100 % RDF combined with Phosphogypsum @ 750 kg ha-1 and Borax @ 10 kg ha-1 resulted in significantly higher values for plant height (32.95 cm), number of branches per plant (12.60) and dry matter production at harvest. This treatment also led to a substantial increase in the total number of pods per plant (59) and filled pods per plant (48) in groundnut, performing on par with the treatment that included 100% RDF, Gypsum @ 750 kg ha-1 and Borax @ 10 kg ha-1 (with 57 and 44 pods, respectively) when compared to other treatments. The similar trend was observed with respect to pod yield (2327 kg ha-1), kernel yield (1580 kg ha-1), and haulm yield (3594 kg ha-1). So, the application of 100% RDF with Phosphogypsum @ 750 kg ha-1 and Borax @ 10 kg ha-1 significantly enhanced growth attributes (plant height, branches per plant, and dry matter production) and yield parameters (pods per plant, filled pods, pod yield, kernel yield, and haulm yield) in groundnut. This indicates that Phosphogypsum is an effective source of calcium and sulfur for boosting groundnut yield.
One‐Pot Synthesis of Quinazolin‐4(3H)‐ones through Anodic Oxidation and the Related Mechanistic Studies
Authors: Cao Liu , Huo Hengrui , Zeng Haipeng , Yu Yu , Lu Dengfu , Gong Yuefa 
Published: September 2018

AbstractA metal‐free and oxidant‐free method for the one‐pot preparation of quinazolin‐4(3H)‐ones enabled by electrochemical oxidation is described. Together with 2‐aminobenzamides, a variety of aldehydes were successfully applied to an acid‐catalyzed annulation and direct anodic oxidation cascade, affording structurally diverse quinazoline‐4(3H)‐ones in good to excellent yields. Additionally, certain alcohols can be directly applied instead of the corresponding aldehydes to achieve the same final products with the assistance of an electrolysis mediator (TEMPO). The reaction mechanism was carefully examined and the results strongly suggest that the direct and indirect oxidation go through different pathways. As an efficient and environmentally friendly access to a broad range of quinazolin‐4(3H)‐ones, the synthetic utility of this method was demonstrated by gram‐scale operation, as well as the preparation of bioactive mackinazolinone and truncated erlotinib.magnified image
Hole‐Transporting Materials for Perovskite Solar Cells
Authors: Liu Fan , Li Qianqian , Li Zhen 
Published: September 2018

AbstractIn recent years, inorganic−organic metal halide perovskite solar cells (PSCs) have delivered power conversion efficiencies (PCE) beyond 22%, in which hole‐transporting materials (HTMs) play the key role to the improved photovoltaic performance and chemical stability. In this review, the diverse types of HTMs, from inorganic to organic, especially small organic HTMs, have been highlighted to summarize the relationship between the molecular structure and device performance, with the aim to afford some guidance for the further development of PSCs.
Fluorescence anisotropy analysis of comb‐type grafted poly(N,N‐diethylacrylamide‐co‐acrylic acid)‐g‐poly(N,N‐diethylacrylamide) microgels labeled by acenaphthylene
Authors: Chen Y. , Sun P. , Zhang Y. , Ye Y. 
Published: September 2018

ABSTRACTTwo kinds of thermosensitive and pH sensitive comb‐type grafted poly(N,N‐diethylacrylamide‐co‐acrylicacid)‐g‐poly(N,N‐diethylacrylamide) [P(DEA‐co‐AA)‐g‐PDEA] microgels labeled by acenaphthylene (ACE) were prepared in water/methanol mixed solvent. Both of them were prepared through surfactant‐free emulsion polymerization: one was labeled in the main chain of the gel networks (B‐ACE) and the other was labeled in the grafted chains of the gel networks (G‐ACE). Steady state fluorescence anisotropy was used to study the mobility of the chains in different buffers at their lower critical solution temperature. It was found that the grafted chains moved more freely than the main chain, and the pH dependence of the mobility of the grafted chain was more pronounced. With the results obtained in the present study, we can better understand why the microgels with grafted chains have faster response rates than the ones of normal types. © 2018 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Appl. Polym. Sci. 2018, 135, 46742.
Probing toughness of polycarbonate (PC: ductile and brittle)/polypropylene (PP) blends and talc‐triggered PC/PP brittle composites with diverse impact fracture parameters
Authors: Jang Keon‐Soo 
Published: September 2018

ABSTRACTPolycarbonates (PCs) are commonly used as a blend and a composite to achieve pecuniary advantages and dimensional stability. While the toughness of a homogeneous PC matrix has been extensively investigated, examination for the toughness of heterogeneous blend systems such as PC/polypropylene (PP) blends has been limited. Furthermore, recent interest in highly flowable PCs (low‐molecular‐weight PCs with low ductility) has surfaced due to the large and geometrically complex plastic parts. Herein, the toughness for PC/PP blends and PC/PP/talc composites in a ductile and a brittle PC matrix was explored by using various toughness measurements such as notched Izod impact strength, falling dart impact, boss quasi‐static energy/impact energy, and tensile toughness tests. In a ductile PC matrix [melt flow index (MFI) = 8], the incorporation of PP gradually reduced the toughness. On the other hand, the toughness was improved by 450% at 2 wt % PP in a brittle PC matrix (MFI = 19). Similarly, in the talc‐induced brittle PC matrix, the toughness was enhanced at the PP loading from 2 to 10 wt %. The density of PC/PP blends was gradually reduced from 1.19 to 1.10 g cm−3 with increasing PP concentration from 0 to 20 wt %. Degradation, density, thermal behaviors, and morphology were also investigated. © 2018 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Appl. Polym. Sci. 2019, 136, 47110.
Dental restorative composites containing methacrylic spiroorthocarbonate monomers as antishrinking matrixes
Authors: Berlanga Duarte María Lydia , Reyna Medina Luis Alberto , Torres Reyes Patricia , Esparza González Sandra C. , Herrera González Ana María 
Published: September 2018

ABSTRACTIn this work, the synthesis of two new antishrinking methacrylic monomers of spiroorthocarbonate type, SOC‐IP‐UDMA and SOC‐UDMA, is discussed, along with studies of their performance as polymeric matrix in dental composites. The monomers were photoactive with components of a conventional resin composite. In order to study the photocuring kinetics of these SOC monomers, a real‐time test was performed using FTIR spectroscopy. It was found that SOCs promoted higher double bond conversions (DC) than conventional methacrylic monomer bis‐GMA (48%), reaching a DC value of 68% for SOC‐UDMA and 75% for SOC‐IP‐UDMA. The shrinkage stress that accompanies curing of dental composites was measured by a universal testing machine. These new monomer SOCs are capable of reducing the shrinkage up to 51.1% and 27.7% for both methacrylic monomers when they were compared with bis‐GMA as control. Also, a dynamical mechanical analysis was conducted on the dental composites, obtaining a higher modulus and a range of T
g values from 80 to 100 °C. Others parameters like flexural properties, solubility, and sorption water were determined, obtaining values better than or equal to the parameters established by the standard ISO 4049. These monomers can be considered as alternative matrixes to replace bis‐GMA in dental composites. © 2018 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Appl. Polym. Sci. 2019, 136, 47114.
Weathering properties and hydrolysis of poly(butylene terephthalate)/poly(acrylonitrile‐co‐styrene‐co‐acrylate) blend with reactive compatibilizer
Authors: Kim In Chol , Kwon Kee Hae , Kim Woo Nyon 
Published: September 2018

ABSTRACTThe effects of compatibilizer on the weathering properties and hydrolysis of the poly(butylene terephthalate) (PBT)/poly(acrylonitrile‐styrene‐acrylate) (PolyASA) blend (70/30 wt %) were investigated. Poly(ethylene‐co‐glycidylmethacrylate‐g‐styrene‐co‐acrylonitrile) (EGMA‐g‐SAN) was used as a compatibilizer of the blend. When the EGMA‐g‐SAN content was 3 phr, the impact and tensile strengths of the PBT/PolyASA blend showed maximum; as the EGMA‐g‐SAN content was increased from 0 to 3 phr, the impact strength of the blend increased from 6.1 to 9.5 kJ m−2. The rheological results showed that when the EGMA‐g‐SAN was 3 phr, the storage modulus and complex viscosity of the blend also showed maximum value. The mechanical and rheological results of the blend were consistent with the morphological result that when the EGMA‐g‐SAN was 3 phr, PolyASA domain size of the blend showed minimum. The weathering results showed that when the EGMA‐g‐SAN content was 3 phr, the gloss value of weathered surface of the blend showed maximum. After hydrolysis test, when the EGMA‐g‐SAN content was 3 phr, the impact and tensile strengths of the blend showed maximum. The mechanical, rheological, and weathering results suggested that EGMA‐g‐SAN is an effective compatibilizer in the PBT/PolyASA blend, and the optimum compatibilizer content is 3 phr. © 2018 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Appl. Polym. Sci.2019,136, 47197.
Concurrent PI Controller Design for Indirect Vector Controlled Induction Motor
Authors: Jain Jitendra Kumar , Ghosh Sandip , Maity Somnath 
Published: September 2018

AbstractIn this work, a concurrent proportional integral (PI) controller design technique is addressed for indirect vector controlled induction motor (IVCIM). For this, a full‐order induction motor (IM) model is employed that includes the stator current dynamics. The current‐loop proportional integral (PI) controllers are tuned to use the attributes of such dynamics. The robustness against load torque and rotor resistance variations are incorporated in the design problem. This method is implemented using a static output feedback scheme in which iterative linear matrix inequality (ILMI) based H∞ control technique is applied. The simulation and experimental comparison with existing designs show the superiority of proposed method and practical interest for industry use.
Exploring student participation across different arenas of school life
Authors: Graham Anne , Truscott Julia , Simmons Catharine , Anderson Donnah , Thomas Nigel 
Published: September 2018

Much has now been written on student participation at school. Yet a lack of conceptual clarity, contestation over purpose and benefits, and uncertainty about how to culturally embed and effectively facilitate participation in school contexts continue to pose considerable challenges. This article reports the qualitative findings from a large‐scale, mixed‐method study that sought to explore how participation is perceived and practised in schools. The qualitative phase involved students from Years 7–10 (n = 177) and staff (n = 32) across 10 government and Catholic secondary schools in New South Wales (NSW), Australia. The data demonstrate that considerable efforts are being made in NSW schools to expand opportunities through which students might ‘participate’, with these explored across three key arenas of school life: the classroom; co‐curricular activities, including formal participatory structures; and informal relational spaces. Although participatory opportunities were largely ad hoc and often dependent upon the approach of individual teachers or school initiatives, differing enactments of childhood and adulthood were identifiable between the three arenas, along with varying expectations in this regard. The classroom emerged as a positive arena at present, and one in which adult–child relations are beginning to become reconfigured. The co‐curricular arena was much more contested, with the breadth of potential participatory opportunities perhaps distracting from the need to address underlying intergenerational issues. However, informal relational encounters between students and teachers were becoming increasingly egalitarian, and these offer scope for creating the cultural preconditions such that student participation might expand more evenly across school life.
The anti‐metastatic effect of ginsenoside Rb2 in colorectal cancer in an EGFR/SOX2‐dependent manner
Authors: Phi Lan Thi Hanh , Wijaya Yoseph Toni , Sari Ita Novita , Yang Ying‐Gui , Lee Yun Kyung , Kwon Hyog Young 
Published: September 2018

AbstractGinsenoside Rb2, a saponin from Panax ginseng, has been shown to have many functions. However, the effect of ginsenoside Rb2 on the metastasis of colorectal cancer (CRC) remains unknown. CRC cell lines HT29 and SW620 were used to determine the effects of ginsenoside Rb2 on the colony‐forming, migration, invasion, and wound‐healing abilities of CRC cells in vitro. Further, ginsenoside Rb2 was given intraperitoneally at 5 mg/kg of mouse body weight to check its effect on the metastasis of CRC cells in vivo. Ginsenoside Rb2 decreased colony‐forming ability, migration, invasion, and wound healing of CRC cells in vitro, although it did not affect cell proliferation. As a possible mechanism, we found that ginsenoside Rb2 down‐regulated the expression of stemness and Epithelial–mesenchymal transition (EMT)‐related genes via the EGFR/SOX2 signaling axis; these were partially rescued by either exogenous EGF treatment or ectopic expression of SOX2. More importantly, ginsenoside Rb2 significantly reduced the number of metastatic nodules in the livers, lungs, and kidneys in a mouse model of metastasis. These results suggest that ginsenoside Rb2 could be used to treat the metastasis of CRC therapeutically or as a supplement.
When occam's razor can fail– active mycobacteria infection and lung cancer: A case of neuroendocrine lung cancer diagnosed in the setting of refractory mycobacterium avium‐intracellulare
Authors: Garg Nupur , Punch Chandra , Stein Michael , Schofield Christina 
Published: September 2018

Key Clinical MessageThe link between Myobacterium avium‐intracellulare and lung cancer remains underemphasized in literature. Our objective is to increase awareness of Myobacterium avium‐intracellulare and coexisting lung cancer and to emphasize the need in establishing prevalence and specific testing guidelines in this patient population.
Chromatographic Recovery of Monosaccharides and Lignin from Lignocellulosic Hydrolysates
Authors: Heinonen Jari , Tamper Juha , Laatikainen Markku , Sainio Tuomo 
Published: September 2018

AbstractThe chromatographic recovery of monosaccharides and lignin from lignocellulosic hydrolysates was studied at laboratory and pilot scale. A weak cation‐exchange resin in sodium form and a water eluent gave good separation efficiency. Scale‐dependent phenomena, especially viscous fingering resulting from the large viscosity and density differences between the hydrolysate feed and eluent, were observed. The issue was resolved in the pilot scale with appropriate selection of the flow direction, and a high productivity was achieved at 95 % recovery yield. The pH value of the feed was found to have no effect on the actual separation; however, the resin was significantly less colored at a higher pH value.
Elucidating the Catalytic Power of Glutamate Racemase by Investigating a Series of Covalent Inhibitors
Authors: Vance Nicholas R. , Witkin Katie R. , Rooney Patrick W. , Li Yalan , Pope Marshall , Spies M. Ashley 
Published: September 2018

AbstractThe application of covalent inhibitors has experienced a renaissance within drug discovery programs in the last decade. To leverage the superior potency and drug target residence time of covalent inhibitors, there have been extensive efforts to develop highly specific covalent modifications to decrease off‐target liabilities. Herein, we present a series of covalent inhibitors of an antimicrobial drug target, glutamate racemase, discovered through structure‐based virtual screening. A combination of enzyme kinetics, mass spectrometry, and surface‐plasmon resonance experiments details a highly specific 1,4‐conjugate addition of a small‐molecule inhibitor with a catalytic cysteine of glutamate racemase. Molecular dynamics simulations and quantum mechanics–molecular mechanics geometry optimizations reveal the chemistry of the conjugate addition. Two compounds from this series of inhibitors display antimicrobial potency similar to β‐lactam antibiotics, with significant activity against methicillin‐resistant S. aureus strains. This study elucidates a detailed chemical rationale for covalent inhibition and provides a platform for the development of antimicrobials with a novel mechanism of action against a target in the cell wall biosynthesis pathway.
Initiation, Expansion, and Cryopreservation of Human Primary Tissue‐Derived Normal and Diseased Organoids in Embedded Three‐Dimensional Culture
Authors: Clinton James , McWilliams‐Koeppen Penney 
Published: September 2018

AbstractOrganoids are primary patient‐derived micro tissues grown within a three‐dimensional extracellular matrix that better represents in vivo physiology and genetic diversity than existing two‐dimensional cell lines. Organoids rely on the self‐renewal and differentiation of tissue‐resident stem cells that expand in culture and self‐organize into complex three‐dimensional structures. Depending on the tissue, organoids typically lack stromal, vascular, neural, and immune cells but otherwise can contain cells from all the respective tissue‐specific cell lineages found in vivo. Established organoids can be initiated from cryopreserved material, cultured using largely traditional cell culture techniques and equipment, and then expanded and cryopreserved for future use. Organoid models have been developed from a variety of diseased and normal tissues including small intestine, colon, mammary, esophagus, lung, prostate, and pancreas. © 2018 by John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
Cross‐ecosystem effects of terrestrial predators link treefrogs, zooplankton, and aquatic primary production
Authors: Hite Jessica L. , Hughey Myra C. , Warkentin Karen M. , Vonesh James R. 
Published: September 2018

AbstractPredators can directly or indirectly shape food webs through a combination of consumptive and non‐consumptive effects. Yet, how these effects vary across natural populations and their consequences for adjacent ecosystems remains poorly resolved. We examined links between terrestrial predators and aquatic ecosystems through their effects on a locally abundant amphibian, the red‐eyed treefrog (Agalychnis callidryas), which has arboreal eggs (heavily predated by snakes and wasps) and aquatic larvae; embryos can escape terrestrial threats by hatching at an earlier age and smaller size. Our multi‐site field survey indicates that in natural populations, the relative contributions of these consumptive and non‐consumptive effects of predators can be substantial and remarkably similar. However, in mesocosms where we experimentally mimicked these predator effects, changes in the density and initial hatching age of tadpoles carried distinct consequences for aquatic food webs. Density‐dependent growth resulted in peak tadpole biomass at intermediate densities (reflecting intermediate predation), and early‐hatched tadpoles grew 16% faster and produced 26% more biomass than their late‐hatched counterparts. These changes in tadpole growth and size differentially affected zooplankton communities, and the production and stability of phytoplankton. Together, these results illustrate multiple pathways through which predators in one ecosystem can modulate the structure of adjacent food webs.
Rationale and design for ENHANCE CRT: QLV implant strategy for non‐left bundle branch block patients
Authors: Singh Jagmeet P. , Berger Ronald D. , Doshi Rahul N. , Lloyd Michael , Moore Douglas , Daoud Emile G. ,   for the ENHANCE CRT Study Group
Published: September 2018

AbstractAimsHistorically, cardiac resynchronization therapy (CRT) response in non‐left bundle branch block (non‐LBBB) patients has been suboptimal in comparison with that observed in left bundle branch block patients. The electrical activation pattern of the left ventricle (LV) is different between these two QRS morphologies. Small non‐randomized studies have suggested that targeting the LV wall with greatest electrical delay may be superior to conventional anatomical pacing from the lateral wall in non‐LBBB patients. This article outlines the design and rationale of a prospective, randomized, pilot study, which assesses the effect of a non‐traditional LV lead implant strategy on the clinical composite score after 12 months of follow‐up in a non‐LBBB patient population.MethodsAll patients will receive an Abbott quadripolar CRT‐D system (Quartet 1458Q LV lead with Unify Quadra™, Quadra Assura™ CRT‐D or any market‐approved CRT‐D device with quadripolar pacing capabilities). Patients will be randomized in a 2:1 ratio between a QLV‐based implant strategy vs. standard of care. Up to 250 patients will be enrolled in the study.ConclusionsIf the primary endpoint is achieved, this study will provide important information about reducing the non‐responder rate in non‐LBBB patients and provide further evidence for the QLV‐based implant strategy.
A novel, sensitive and non‐destructive method for quantitative determination of lipid in live Eriocheir sinensis using low‐field 1H Nuclear magnetic resonance
Authors: Zhang Hongcai , Yu Huaning , Song Lingling , Chen Shunsheng 
Published: September 2018

AbstractIn this study, lipid content of live Eriocheir sinensis has been quickly and accurately determined by low‐field 1H Nuclear magnetic resonance (LF‐1H NMR). The experimental parameters of LF‐1H NMR have been optimized and the validity of the established standard method has been confirmed with traditional Soxhlet extraction method. Results show that the lipid signal intensity is strongly correlated with its content and exhibits a good linear correlation (Y = 0.0376 + 4.899X, R2 = 0.9999), thus demonstrating favorable accuracy and sensitivity for the quantitative determination of lipid content. In conclusion, the lipid content of live E. Sinensis can be directly obtained based on an established method, indicating a great application potential in food and other fields.