bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Lensa kontak: keamanan dan pencegahan komplikasi
Authors: Amalia Husnun 
Published: December 2018

Lensa kontak saat ini dikenal oleh masyarakat secara luas dan sering digunakan dalam kehidupan sehari-hari.(1) Lensa kontak adalah alat bantu yang diletakkan di permukaan kornea, mudah digunakan, nyaman untuk beraktivitas dan berolahraga. Fungsi utamanya adalah untuk mengatasi gangguan refraksi dengan keunggulan memberikan lapang pandang lebih luas dan lebih baik secara estetik.(2)Saat ini penggunaannya telah berkembang menjadi atribut mode dan estetika.(3) Indikasi penggunaan lensa kontak lainnya adalah terapeutik (ulkus kornea, erosi kornea, albino, aniridia, post operasi kornea), preventif simblefaron, diagnostik dan occupational (olahragawam, pilot, aktor).(2)Lensa kontak yang sering digunakan adalah lensa kontak lunak (softlens) yang berbahan hidrogel atau silicon hidrogel.(4)
Soil seed banks in successional stages of forest ecosystems in the Belém, Pará, Brazil, metropolitan region
Authors: Souza Fernanda Pantoja , Rocha Martins Walmer Bruno , Rodrigues Richard Pinheiro , Sales de Andrade Vanda Maria , Arraes Araujo Nayara Nazare , De Assis Oliveira Francisco 
Published: December 2018

The seed bank is essential for the initiation of natural forest regeneration, especially in ecosystems in
the early stages of development, where there have been anthropogenic or natural disturbances. The objective
of the current study was to evaluate seed bank dynamics in three forest ecosystems, two in Utinga State Park
(PEUt) and one on the Federal Rural University of Amazonia (UFRA) campus, both in Belém, Pará, Amazonian
Brazil. The ecosystems were: primary forest (PF), early successional forest (ESF), and late successional forest
(LSF). For seed bank evaluation, five plots were installed in each forest ecosystem, and in each plot 5 soil
samples were removed at a depth of 0-0.05 m. In the three ecosystems, the most abundant species in the
seed bank were Cecropia obtusa, Phyllanthus tenellus and Vismia guianensis. Zoochoria was the dominant
dispersion syndrome with 1,041 (67.8%) individuals. In the PF and LST ecosystems the predominant life form
was tree, followed by shrub, whereas in the ESF the shrub life form predominated, followed by tree. Thirtyone
species were recorded in PF, 26 in ISF, and 32 in LSF. In general, pioneers were most frequent ecological
group, with 289 individuals (93.2%) in PF, 288 individuals (88.7%) in LSF, and 188 (75.06%) in ESF. Thus, all
ecosystems possessed a high potential for resilience in case of possible forest disturbances, and the PF seed
bank was considered the most diverse in terms of arboreal species.
Mu‘tezile’nin Basra Ekolüne Göre Tab’ Teorisi ve Bu Teorinin Bazı Kelâmî Konulara Uygulanması
Authors: ALTINTAŞ Ramazan 
Published: December 2018

Mu‘tezile Kelâm
fiziğinde tab‘ teorisi ayrı bir öneme
sahiptir. “Doğa Ehli” denilen Mu‘tezile bilginlerini, ezelî tabiat fikrini
benimseyen ateist natüralistlerden
ayırmak gerekir. Tab‘ teorisi, varlığın özüyle ilgili bir problemdir. Bu teori, canlı ve cansız varlıkların
yapısıyla ilişkilidir. İnsanın huyu ve mizacı söz konusu olduğunda tab‘;
cisimlerin yapısı söz konusu olduğunda da tabiat sözcüğü kullanılır. Özellikle Mu‘tezile’nin Basra ekolü, insanın
özgürlüğünü vurgulamada tab‘ teorisine ağırlık vermiştir. Onlar tab‘ teorisini; bilgi, fiil,
metafizîkî, ahlâkî ve âhiretle ilgili birçok konuya uygulamışlardır.

Mu‘tezile
kelamcılarının savunduğu tabiat/doğa, Allah’ın insan ve cisimlerin tabiatına
yerleştirdiği bir güçtür. Gerek
canlılarda ve gerekse cansız maddelerin özünde bulunan tabiat, Allah’tan
bağımsız değildir. Ne var ki Mu’tezile’nin Basra ekolünden Muammer, Câhız gibi
bazı âlimlerin zorunlu doğal nedensellik fikrini savunmaları, bazı metafizik
konuların yorumunda sorun oluşturmuştur.
Cennet ve cehennemin kendi ehlini tabiatları gereği kendilerine çeker
iddiaları bunlardan birisidir. Eğer
böyle olsaydı, bir mü’minin sürekli dualarında “cehennemden korunma ve cennete
girme” isteğinde bulunmaları bir anlam ifade etmezdi. Bu konuda Nazzâm ve Kâdî Abdülcebbâr gibi
Mu‘tezile âlimleri daha ölçülü hareket etmişlerdir. Nazzâm, tabiat teorisini
ilahi kudretten bağımsız görmezken, Kâdî Abdülcebbâr ise, bu konuda tab‘
teorisini putperestçe görür, tab‘ yerine itimat sözcüğünü kullanmayı tercih
eder. Esas olan, canlı ve cansız
varlıkların özünde tabiat vardır. Bu tab‘ cansız varlıklarda zorunlu, canlı varlıklarda ise zorunsuzdur. Tab‘, fiilin meydana geldiği mahal ile
ilgilidir. Kesb ise, Mâtürîdî kelamında
yaratma yönünden Allah’a, kazanma yönünden insansa nispet edilir. Bu sebeple, tab‘ düşüncesini yaratanın Allah olduğunu
bilmek, insanın tab‘ından kaynaklanan
eğilimini irade özgürlüğü bağlamında değerlendirmek gerekir.
The Role of Sovereign Wealth Funds in Promoting the External Stability of the Home Economy
Authors: El-Baz Osama 
Published: December 2018

<p>Sovereign Wealth Funds (SWFs) are currently playing an important role in the global economy. We investigated the role of SWFs in promoting the external stability of the home economy using a data set spanning 106 countries over the period (1997-2015), whereby Arellano- Bond dynamic panel data models were employed to assess the treatment effect of SWFs on both the level of the current account balance and its volatility. Empirical results revealed that SWFs can play an important role in smoothing the management of the current account balance in the long run. Nonetheless, commodity-based SWFs are expected to outperform non-commodity based SWFs in this respect. Our policy recommendation is that emerging economies should consider the establishment of SWFs to enhance the external stability of their home economies, allocating privatization proceeds to these investment vehicles to protect the rights of future generations in benefiting from them rather than directing such proceeds to finance current government expenditure and budget deficit. Finally, attention should be paid to the implementation of the generally accepted principles and practices when establishing SWFs to ensure their ability to function properly. </p>
PENERAPAN STRATEGI PAIKEM DALAM MENINGKATKAN PEMBELAJARAN PAI DI SMK SUMBER BUNGA SLETRENG KAPONGAN SITUBONDO
Authors: Rusdi Rusdi 
Published: December 2018

There are many components that influence the islamic education teaching learning process, one of which is “the method of Religious Education”. Nowadays, the method of Islamic Education is still using the old method such as giving speech, memorizing and demonstrating worship practices which look very empty. It is obvious that this kind of method makes the students bored, tired and unmotivated in learning Religion. Alternatively, to increase the quality of education, teacher can apply the PAIKEM strategy (active, inovative, creative, effective, and happy learning) in the Islamic Education teaching learning process. It is expected through PAIKEM strategy, the teacher and students become more active and creative in the process of teaching and learning. The conclusion of this research is the application of PAIKEM strategy can increase the Islamic Education teaching learning process in SMK Sumber Bunga Situbondo from the process of planning, acting, and evaluating. Factors that support the application of PAIKEM strategy are the teachers’ ability in applying PAIKEM and the students’ readiness in studying. The weaknesses of the application of PAIKEM strategy are the infrastructure, environment and the time allocation.
LEGITIMASI PEMBERHENTIAN KEANGGOTAAN DPR/DPRD OLEH PARTAI POLITIK HASIL PEMILU LEGISLATIF DENGAN SISTEM PROPORSIONAL TERBUKA
Authors: Taufikkurrahman Taufikkurrahman 
Published: December 2018

This writing is analyzing the legitimacy of political party in retiring its member who still becomes the member of the representative of legislative council (DPR/ DPRD) and these representatives are chosen by the legislative general election openly and proportionally conducted by the nation. Openly proportional system is understood as the model of people’s sovereignty. It happens when the candidates are most voted as the member of representative of legislative council. Openly proportional system is done by displaying the political parties as the members of general election and then they propose some candidates of legislative members to be chosen directly by Indonesian people. The most voted representatives will be chosen as the member of legislative council (DPR/ DPRD). When there is a party retires their own representative, do they have their own legalization and is it contradictory with the concept of Indonesian people’s sovereignty? This writing is using juridical normative method by analyzing some constitutions; they are general election constitution, political party constitution, and constitution of MD3. According to the constitution, retirement by the political party has already have its own legitimacy because the constitution gives the authority, but the retirement is contradictory with the spirit of people’s sovereignty because the people have the absolute right of their own vote.
IMPLEMENTASI PENILAIAN HASIL BELAJAR BAHASA INGGRIS KURIKULUM 2013 BERDASARKAN PERMENDIKBUD NOMOR 53 TAHUN 2015 DI SMPN 1 PAMEKASAN
Authors: Azizah Siti 
Published: December 2018

The result of Monitoring and Evaluation on the implementation of 2013 curriculum in the level of Junior High School in the year of 2014 showed that one of the teachers’ difficulties in implementing the 2013 curriculum is the implementing Evaluation. Related to this problem, the government has done many revisions on the Evaluation part, the last revision done by the Educational and Cultural Department is the emergence of the Provision of the Educational and Cultural Department No.53 year 2015. The provisions in the Educational and Cultural Department is started to be implemented in the Even Semester year academic 2015/ 2016 in all educational levels which implement the 2013 curriculum, including the State Junior High School 1 (SMPN 1) Pamekasan. Therefore, the researcher is interested to know how far the implementation of the English Evaluation of 2013 curriculum in SMPN 1 Pamekasan based on the constitution of Educational and Cultural Department No.53 year 2015. The result of this research is, first the implementation of English Evaluation based on the Constitution of Educational and Cultural Department No.53 year 2015 has not been done correctly. Second, the teachers found some difficulties in evaluating the students’ English work based on the Constitution of Educational and Cultural Department No.53 year 2015, they are 1) many indicators in behavioral evaluation that needs to be analyzed deeper, they are being polite, discipline, self confidence, and cooperation, 2) in formulating the grid of skill aspect, especially in formulating the evaluation suitable with the skill that is needed to be evaluated, 3) in the project evaluation technique and portfolio evaluation technique.
Exploring student's pattern generalisation strategy in solving prism sticker problem
Authors: Sadieda Lisanul Uswah , Kusaeri Kusaeri , Lailiyah Siti , Adaniyah Wachidatul 
Published: December 2018

[English]: This research aimed to describe the stages through which eighth-grade students develop pattern generalizations when solving prism sticker problem and determine the type of strategy used. Prism sticker problem is a modified task from cube sticker problem that Lannin (2003) has used in developing student’s pattern generalization. Prism Sticker problem uses triangular prism-shaped media that will be affixed with color stickers. The subjects of the research were eighth-grade students of public junior high schools in Krian City, East Java, Indonesia. The results of this research show that the subjects can go through the four stages of the pattern generalization process, i.e., direct modeling, pattern identification, proof testing of the pattern, and determining the rule for a general case. The subjects can formulate the nth pattern by using algebraic symbols and explain it verbally. The results indicate that the subjects tend to use counting and explicit strategies to solve prism sticker problem.
Keywords: Pattern generalization, Strategy, Prism sticker problem, Problem-solving
[Bahasa]: Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mendeskripsikan tahap-tahap yang dilalui siswa SMP dalam mengembangkan generalisasi pola saat menyelesaikan prism sticker problem dan menentukan jenis strategi yang digunakan. Prism sticker problem merupakan suatu tugas hasil modifikasi dari cube sticker problem yang telah digunakan Lannin (2003) dalam mengembangkan generalisasi pola siswa. Prism sticker problem menggunakan media berbentuk prisma segitiga yang akan ditempeli stiker warna. Subjek dalam penelitian ini adalah siswa kelas 8 SMPN 2 Krian. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa subjek mampu melalui keempat tahap proses generalisasi pola yaitu pemodelan langsung, identifikasi pola, pembuktian pola dan penentuan aturan untuk kasus yang lebih umum. Subjek mampu merumuskan pola ke-n dengan menggunakan simbol aljabar dan menjelaskannya secara verbal. Dalam penelitian ini, subjek cenderung menggunakan strategi counting dan explicit dalam menyelesaikan prism sticker problem.
Kata Kunci: Pola generalisasi, Strategi, Prism sticker, Pemecahan masalah
The consistency between professed teaching practices and assessment practices: A case in mathematics class
Authors: Purnomo Yoppy Wahyu , Kaur Amrita , Ismail Siti Noor Binti , Suryadi Didi , Darwis Sutawanir 
Published: December 2018

[English]: The purpose of this research was to (1) develop scales for measuring teaching practices and assessment practices in mathematics class; (2) identify the profile of teaching practices and assessment practices in mathematics class; and (3) examine the consistency between relevant factors in teaching practices and assessment practices in mathematics class. The methods of cross-sectional surveys and a scale development study were used to achieve that purpose. The participants in this research included two sample groups of primary school teachers in Jakarta. The first sample consisted of 252 teachers and the second sample consisted of 325 teachers. This research found that there were two factors in each dimension of teachers’ practices in mathematics class. Teaching practices included the relational and instrumental practices, while the assessment practices included the assessment for learning and assessment of learning. This research also found that most of the teachers leaned toward traditional practices for both teaching practices and assessment practices, and that there was a consistency between relevant factors in those teaching and assessment practices. A more detailed discussion can be found in the findings and discussion section.
Keywords: Assessment practices, Teaching practices, Mathematics class, Scale development study, Cross-sectional Survey
[Bahasa]: Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk (1) mengembangkan sebuah skala untuk mengukur praktik mengajar dan penilaian di kelas matematika; (2) mengidentifikasi profil praktik mengajar dan praktik penilaian di kelas matematika; dan (3) mengkaji konsistensi antar faktor-faktor yang bersesuaian pada praktik mengajar dan penilaian di kelas matematika. Metode survei cross-sectional dan studi pengembangan skala digunakan untuk menggapai tujuan tersebut. Partisipan dalam penelitian ini mencakup dua kelompok sampel guru sekolah dasar di Jakarta. Sampel pertama adalah 252 guru dan sampel kedua adalah 325 guru. Temuan penelitian ini mendapati terdapat dua faktor di setiap dimensi praktik guru di kelas matematika. Praktik mengajar mencakup faktor praktik relasional dan instrumental, sedangkan praktik penilaian mencakup faktor praktik assessment for learningdan assessment of learning. Penelitian ini juga menemukan bahwa sebagian besar guru mengarah pada praktik-praktik tradisional baik praktik mengajar maupun praktik penilaian, dan terdapat konsistensi antar faktor yang bersesuaian pada praktik mengajar dan penilaian tersebut. Diskusi lebih detail dapat ditemukan pada bagian hasil dan pembahasan.
Kata kunci: Praktik penilaian, Praktik mengajar, Kelas Matematik, Studi Pengembangan Skala, Survei cross-sectional
Parcerias Institucionais e o Conselho Nacional de Justiça: instrumento de efetivação do acesso à Justiça
Authors: Mendes Gilmar Ferreira 
Published: December 2018

Este trabalho discorre sobre a importância de mecanismos efetivos que possibilitaram e possibilitam o desenvolvimento do sistema prisional no Brasil. Assim, é oportuno destacar o imprescindível trabalho desenvolvido pelo Conselho Nacional de Justiça – CNJ para o aprimoramento da Justiça Criminal. Consequentemente, serão abordadas as importantes iniciativas empreendidas pelo CNJ: Departamento de Pesquisas Judiciárias; Planejamento Estratégico do Poder Judiciário; criação dos mutirões carcerários; instituição de Varas Criminais e de Execução Penal Virtuais (VECs e VEPs-Virtuais); Cadastro Nacional de Adolescentes em Conflito com a Lei; Banco Nacional de Mandados de Prisão; dentre outras. Outrossim, é válido trazer ao debate a ADPF 347, que proibiu o contingenciamento de valores constantes no FUNPEN. Também será versado sobre as iniciativas legislativas que objetivam a criação do Ministério da Segurança Pública e do Sistema Único de Segurança Pública – SUSP. Nesse diapasão, destaca-se a Medida Provisória nº 821, de 2018, que dispõe sobre a criação desse Ministério.
Analysis of blood hydrodynamic characteristics
Authors: Wang Zhongchang , Zhang Sen 
Published: December 2018

Advances in modern medical imaging technology and three-dimensional modeling technology provide basic support for the establishment of individual cardiovascular models, which can promote the close integration of cardiovascular hemodynamics research. In this paper, the fluid-solid coupling technology is used to obtain the numerical simulation results of blood on rigid and elastic vessel walls. The results show that the elastic deformation of the wall has an important influence on the hemodynamic characteristics. The peak velocity in elastic blood vessel is about 3.7 % higher than that in rigid blood vessel. The extremum of fluid pressure in elastic blood vessel is about 9.1 % higher than that in rigid blood vessel.
Correlations between acute atrial fibrillation and local earth magnetic field strength
Authors: Žiubrytė Greta , Jaruševičius Gediminas , Jurjonaitė Jorūnė , Landauskas Mantas , McCraty Rollin , Vainoras Alfonsas 
Published: December 2018

Objectives: Atrial fibrillation is the most frequent cardiac arrhythmia affecting over 3 percent and appears to be increasing in general population. In addition to widely discussed such risk factor as obesity, arterial hypertension, electrolytes disbalances and dysfunction of thyroid, there is more and more evidence of human heath interactions with environment parameters such as humidity, temperature, the lunar and the solar activity. Atrial fibrillation, a disorder of heart conductive system, in several studies have been indicated as affected by local Earth magnetic field changes. The study was aimed to analyse possible correlations between the power in the local Earth time-varying magnetic field and admission due to atrial fibrillation. Methods: Two-hundred-fifty-one patients diagnosed with acute atrial fibrillation and treated in Department of Cardiology of Hospital of Lithuanian University of Health Sciences Kaunas Clinics during year of 2016 were retrospectively included into the study. Weekly prevalence of acute atrial fibrillation was compared with weekly summarised changes in the local Earth magnetic field strength. One-year was divided into two time periods according to week number: the first period included weeks from 1 to 26 and the second period included weeks from 27 to 52. Results: Analyses have shown from weak to moderate significant correlations. Tendencies towards higher power magnetic field in low frequently ranges to be associated with higher admission rates were noticeable throughout all analysed periods. Atrial fibrillation concomitant with arterial hypertension was indicated as combination increasing severity of correlation coefficient. Conclusion: Significant correlations between acute atrial fibrillation and the local Earth time varying magnetic field changes were found. Increased magnetic field in low frequency ranges are associated with episodes of acute atrial fibrillation. Arterial hypertension is significantly associated with higher admission due to atrial fibrillation rate under low frequency local Earth magnetic field range.
Optimization design of semi-active controller for in-wheel motors suspension
Authors: Ma Fangwu , Wang Jiawei , Wang Yang , Yang Longfan 
Published: December 2018

Owing to significant influences of in-wheel motors on the performance of suspension, a modified GPSO-LQG controller is proposed for one-quarter vehicle suspension with the purpose of optimizing suspension performance for entire speed ranges. After the introduction of one-quarter vehicle suspension model, road surface excitation model and magneto-rheological damper model, the GPSO-LQG controller is investigated with three weighted coefficients optimized by utilizing the Genetic Particle Swarm Optimization (GPSO). With the intension of meeting the requirements across the speed range, the weighted coefficients are presented as functions of speed in a modified GPSO-LQG controller while constraint values α,β are given in the optimization of the weighted coefficients. Subsequently, simulation models are constructed with two working conditions. In the end, simulation results indicate that the modified GPSO-LQG controller reduces body acceleration by 8.37 % at a low speed and decreases the tire dynamic load by 8.55 % at a high speed, as compared with a GPSO-LQG controller. In terms of its outstanding advantages in improving the performance of suspension, the modified GPSO-LQG controller is more suitable for in-wheel motors suspension.
Knowledge-Based Programming for the Cybersecurity Solution
Authors: Rubin Stuart H. 
Published: December 2018

Introduction:The problem of cyberattacks reduces to the unwanted infiltration of software through latent vulnerable access points. There are several approaches to protection here. First, unknown or improper system states can be detected through their characterization (using neural nets and/or symbolic codes), then interrupting the execution to run benchmarks and observe if they produce the states they should. If not, the execution can be rewound to the last successful benchmark, all states restored, and rerun.Methods:This will only work for cyber-physical systems that can be rewound. Benchmarks will often include sensory information. The second approach is termed, “semantic randomization”. This is similar to the well-known compiler technique known as “syntactic randomization”. The significant difference is that different variants of the algorithm itself are being automatically programmed. Cyberattacks will generally not be successful at more than one variant. This means that cybersecurity is moving us towards automatic programming as a desirable consequence. Knowledge-Based Software Engineering (KBSE) is the way to achieve automatic programming in practice.Discussion:There is non-determinism in the execution of such systems, which provides cybersecurity. Knowledge-based algorithmic compilers are the ultimate solution for scalable cost-effective cybersecurity. However, unlike the case for the less-secure syntactic randomization, the cost-effectiveness of semantic randomization is a function of scale. A simple randomization-based automatic programming method is illustrated and discussed.Conclusion:Semantic randomization is overviewed and compared against other technologies used to protect against cyberattack. Not only does semantic randomization itself, or in combination with other methodologies, offer improved protection; but, it serves as the basis for a methodology for automatic programming, which in turn makes the semantic randomization methodology for cybersecurity cost-effective.