bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Choroid plexus tumors in adults: a retrospective mono-institutional study
Authors: Anghileri Elena , Gaviani Paola , Amato Anna , Pollo Bianca , Paterra Rosina , Marchetti Marcello , Doniselli Fabio M. , Restelli Francesco , Eoli Marica , de Oliveira Muniz Koch Ludmila , Redaelli Veronica , Botturi Andrea Giorgio , DiMeco Francesco , Ferroli Paolo , Farinotti Mariangela , Silvani Antonio 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
Purpose
Choroid plexus tumors (CPT) are rare entities, and even rarer in adulthood.

Methods
A retrospective consecutive series of 24 adult CPT patients was reviewed.

Results
We described 24 adult CPTs. Clinical onset included cerebellar signs (n = 11, 45.8%), intracranial hypertension signs (n = 8, 33.4%), cranial nerves impairment (n = 5, 20.8%), incidental findings (n = 4, 16.6%), seizures (n = 1, 4.2%), spinal signs (n = 1, 4.2%). At first diagnosis, CPT was mostly located in the ventricular system, but other locations can occur, including the spine (one case); meningeal involvement was present in one, pre-surgical hydrocephalus in one case only. CPT histological grade ranged from grade 1 (n = 17), grade 2 (n = 6), and grade 3 (n = 1). TERTp mutation was detected in 17.6% (n = 3/17). TP53 mutation in 5.9% (n = 1/17). Gross Total, Subtotal, Partial resection and Biopsy were achieved in 17 (70.8%), 3 (12.5%), 3 (12.5%) and 1 (4.2%) of patients, respectively. 76% of cases (n = 16/21) experienced clinical worsening suddenly after surgery for different reasons, and mostly gradually recovered. For three cases no data was available. Adjuvant therapy was performed only for grades 2 and 3. At recurrence, surgery, radiosurgery, radiotherapy and chemotherapy were considered. The median Overall Survival from surgery was 219.25 months (95% CI, 188.83–249.67).

Conclusions
We confirm that CPT can occur in adults and are mostly grade 1 tumors located in the ventricular system. The surgical approach is the gold standard, although 76% of clinical worsening occurred, often transient. Adjuvant treatment was limited to higher grade CPT; however, no consensus has already been achieved about adjuvant therapy.
Waste glass fibre composites valorization using the fluidised bed: a global warming potential and economic assessment
Authors: Pender K. , Yang L. 
Published: December 2024

AbstractGlass fibre composites have become widely used in many applications, notably in wind turbine rotors. Fluidised bed valorization has demonstrated glass fibre recycling from waste composites, enabling reuse in traditional composite manufacturing technologies. This paper intendeds to inform long-term strategies for glass fibre composite waste by identify operating conditions that can optimise environmental and economic metrics for fluidised bed valorization. Experimentally derived operating parameters were integrated into energy models for a commercial-scale recycling process. An environmental assessment was conducted to compare the global warming potential of recycled glass fibres with that of virgin materials. In addition, a technoeconomic analysis was performed to assess the viability of the recycling technology at scale. The findings indicate that recycled glass fibre can achieve a global warming potential of less than 2 kg CO2e. per kg, contributing to a net reduction in greenhouse gas emissions when replacing virgin glass fibre. Furthermore, the economic analysis showed that a recycling facility with a capacity of just 10 kt per year could produce recycled glass fibre at a cost of $0.61/kg, significantly lower than the cost of virgin glass fibre. Overall, fluidised bed valorization presents an environmentally and economically sustainable solution for managing glass fibre composite waste.
Predictors of word writing in Spanish and Arabic among 6- and 7-year-old children
Authors: González-Valenzuela Maria-José , López-Montiel Dolores , Chebaani Fatma , Cobos‑Cali Marta , Piedra‑Martínez Elisa , Martín-Ruiz Isaías 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
This study analyses the impact of certain cognitive processes on the writing of words in languages with different orthographic consistency (Spanish and Arabic) in the first and second years of Primary Education. One hundred twenty-eight schoolchildren from Ecuador and 109 from Algiers participated in this study. All the participants were aged between 6 and 7 years old, came from the middle classes, and had no special educational needs. We evaluated all the participants for word writing, knowledge of letters, phonological awareness, rapid automatised naming (alphanumeric and non-alphanumeric), and phonological memory. We performed descriptive-exploratory analyses and bivariate and multivariate regressions for the writing of words in each language. The results show that most of the cognitive variables considered do not contribute equally to the explanation of word writing in both languages at 6 and 7 years of age. However, in each language, at these ages, similar variables contribute to the explanation of word writing. These results have important implications for educational practice, as well as the explanatory theory of writing acquisition.
On random sampling of supersingular elliptic curves
Authors: Mula Marzio , Murru Nadir , Pintore Federico 
Published: December 2024

AbstractWe consider the problem of sampling random supersingular elliptic curves over finite fields of cryptographic size (SRS problem). The currently best-known method combines the reduction of a suitable complex multiplication (CM) elliptic curve and a random walk over some supersingular isogeny graph. Unfortunately, this method is not suitable when the endomorphism ring of the generated curve needs to be hidden, like in some cryptographic applications. This motivates a stricter version of the SRS problem, requiring that the sampling algorithm gives no information about the endomorphism ring of the output curve (cSRS problem). In this work we formally define the SRS and cSRS problems, which are both of theoretical interest. We discuss the relevance of the two problems for cryptographic applications, and we provide a self-contained survey of the known approaches to solve them. Those for the cSRS problem have exponential complexity in the characteristic of the base finite field (since they require computing and finding roots of polynomials of large degree), leaving the problem open. In the second part of the paper, we propose and analyse some alternative techniques—based either on the Hasse invariant or division polynomials—and we explain the reasons why they do not readily lead to efficient cSRS algorithms, but they may open promising research directions.
Internationalisation as a boost for many firms: evidence from Germany
Authors: Frey Rainer , Goldbach Stefan 
Published: December 2024

AbstractThe advantages of globalisation have been increasingly called into question, and protectionist tendencies have entered the stage. So what experiences have firms had after going international in an open economy over the past years? With respect to foreign investor takeovers of initially national firms, we see predominantly positive effects for acquired manufacturing firms in terms of productivity, sales and expenditures on the labour force – likely due to higher employment – in the short and long term. Looking at the results, firm size matters: positive effects are stronger among large firms. In the case of firms starting to invest abroad, positive effects are very rare and limited to short-term sales of acquiring small manufacturing firms. All in all, the largely positive evidence is generally supportive of internationalisation and thus largely contradicts the negative views sometimes present in the public sphere, though even unaffected firms may see themselves as relative losers.
Damage Analysis of a Tunnel Under Rigid and Deformable Impactors
Authors: Khan Arif , Yong Fang , Yifan Jiang , Hajivand Dastgerdi Rashid 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
Missile impacts on underground structures pose significant safety concerns, necessitating thorough investigation to enhance the resilience and safety of such infrastructures. This study aims to evaluate the effects of missile impacts on underground structures by comparing the impact of rigid and deformable impactors using advanced simulation techniques. The simulation of 3D models of impact scenarios on underground structure was carried out using ANSYS/LSDYNA software. The simulations focused on assessing the differences in damage caused by rigid and deformable impactors. Due to the symmetry of the geometry and loading, a quarter of the model was simulated to reduce calculation time. Various material models were employed, including MAT_RHT for rock, MAT_CSCM_CONCRETE for concrete, and MAT_PLASTIC_KINEMATIC for rebars and impactors. Different contact algorithms and boundary conditions were applied to replicate real-world scenarios accurately. Our analysis revealed that employing a deformable impactor significantly reduces the damage to both the ground and the tunnel lining compared to a rigid impactor. Specifically, the velocities observed for rigid and deformable impactors were 91.8 and 65.7 m/s, respectively. Validation of the numerical model was achieved through comparison with experimental data on RC beams subjected to impact, demonstrating the model’s reliability in predicting impact responses. Our findings underscore the critical influence of impactor material behaviour on damage outcomes. The results advocate for the consideration of nonrigid materials in impact assessments for stiff structures, contributing to enhanced safety protocols and design strategies for underground infrastructure.
Borosilicate bioactive glasses with added Mg/Sr enhances human adipose-derived stem cells osteogenic commitment and angiogenic properties
Authors: Tainio Jenna M. , Vanhatupa Sari , Miettinen Susanna , Massera Jonathan 
Published: November 2024

AbstractBioactive glasses are one of the most promising materials for applications in bone tissue engineering. In this study, the focus was on borosilicate bioactive glasses with composition 47.12 SiO2 - 6.73 B2O3 - 21.77-x-y CaO - 22.65 Na2O - 1.72 P2O5 - x MgO - y SrO (mol%). These compositions are based on silicate S53P4 bioactive glass, from where 12.5% of SiO2 is replaced with B2O3, and additionally, part of CaO is substituted for MgO and/or SrO. The impact of ion release, both as extract and in direct contact, on human adipose-derived stem cells’ (hADSCs) viability, proliferation, ECM maturation, osteogenic commitment and endothelial marker expression was assessed. Osteogenic media supplements were utilized with the extracts, and in part of the direct cell/material culturing conditions. While it has been reported in other studies that boron release can induce cytotoxicity, the glasses in this study supported cells viability and proliferation. Moreover, borosilicate’s, especially with further Mg/Sr substitutions, upregulated several osteogenic markers (such as RUNX2a, OSTERIX, DLX5, OSTEOPONTIN), as well as angiogenic factors (e.g., vWF and PECAM-1). Furthermore, the studied glasses supported collagen-I production even in the absence of osteogenic supplements, when hADSCs were cultured in contact with the glasses, suggesting that while the bioactive glass degradation products are beneficial for osteogenesis, the glasses surface physico-chemical properties play a significant role on hADSCs differentiation. This study brings critical information on the impact of bioactive glass compositional modification to control glass dissolution and the subsequent influence on stem cells proliferation and differentiation. Furthermore, the role of the material surface chemistry on promoting cell differentiation is reported.
Graphical Abstract
Optimizing purslane cultivation through legume intercropping and crop rotation: a study on yield and rhizosphere bacterial communities
Authors: Carrascosa-Robles Ángel , Pascual José Antonio , Cuartero Jessica , de Santiago Ana , Petropoulos Spyridon A. , del Mar Alguacil María 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
Aims
Mixed cropping systems such as intercropping and crop rotation have been proven to be sustainable agronomic tools that provide agro-ecological services and improve crop yield through soil physical, chemical and biological changes in the soil. In this study, we aimed to assess the impact of different mixed cropping systems on a crop well-adapted to high temperatures and low precipitation, like purslane (Portulaca oleracea L.) and to study the underlying microbial mechanisms involved.

Methods
A field experiment in a semiarid region of southern Spain was conducted to study the short-term effects of crop rotation (R) and intercropping (I) with peas or cowpeas, as well as a combination of both (IR) on purslane yield and soil quality parameters such as microbial enzymatic activity, bacterial diversity, microbial composition and functionality.

Results
All the tested treatments increased purslane yield without significant differences among each other, but only the R and IR treatments affected the rhizospheric soil properties, through the increase of the enzymatic activities and the modification of the bacterial composition and functionality, and promoted organic matter degrading bacteria such as Bacillaceae, Myxococcaceae, and Planococcaceae and nitrogen-fixing bacteria, mainly Rhizobiaceae and Beijerinckiaceae.

Conclusion
This study demonstrates how sustainable cropping practices may improve the yield of a low maintenance crop like purslane under low-maintenance conditions by improving soil fertility in semiarid areas and also provides insights into the biological mechanisms responsible for the recorded effects.
Radiation source detection for the accurate location of lymph node metastases using robotic forceps-type coincidence radiation detector
Authors: Kawamura Kazuya , Nakajima Ayano , Ito Shigeki , Takahashi Miwako , Yamaya Taiga 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
Purpose
We have developed a forceps-type coincidence radiation detector for supporting lymph node dissection in esophageal cancer treatment. For precise detecting, this study aims to measure the 2D point-spread function of the detector at three difference tip angles, to devise a method to determine the position of a point source using the 2D point-spread function.

Method
The 2D sensitivity distribution on the surface of the detector was investigated to assess sensitivity variation caused by differences in the relative positions of the detector and radiation source. Based on the results, we identified the peak sensitivity value and proposed a detection method using this value. We evaluated the effectiveness of the proposed method by detecting radiation source location using this simulated distribution.

Result
From the radiation sensitivity distribution measurements, we observed a gradual decrease in radiation detection sensitivity from the center toward the edges of the detector surface. Additionally, we verified that the peak sensitivity value was attainable. Through the basic verification of the detection method, we confirmed that the radiation source location could be detected within a maximum error of 1.4 mm.

Conclusion
We developed a peak value search method aimed at mitigating sensitivity variations by leveraging the sensitivity distribution across the detector surface. The proposed device is thought to be able to quantitatively evaluate the desired target assuming that the field of view could be limited to the area clamped by the detector. As a next research step, more precise search methods should be verified in an environment resembling the one of the target clinical uses.
Enhanced Wear Resistance of Gas Nitrided AISI 431 HVOF Coatings at Elevated Temperatures
Authors: Hanisch Niclas , Saborowski Erik , Lindner Thomas , Preuß Bianca , Tchinou Serge , Börner Kristian , Lampke Thomas 
Published: December 2024

AbstractStainless-steel feedstocks achieve increasing importance as sustainable and cost-efficient alternative regarding thermal spraying. However, the wear resistance is often insufficient for demanding applications. Therefore, an additional surface hardening step by thermochemical processes, in particular by gas nitriding, is promising for enhancing surface functionality. The characteristic porosity of thermally sprayed coatings facilitates deep nitrogen diffusion increasing hardness and wear resistance, due to the formation of precipitates. Because nitrides are thermally stable, applications at elevated temperatures are enabled. The process combination was examined for the ferritic stainless-steel AISI 431 applied on mild steel by high-velocity oxygen fuel spraying (HVOF), followed by subsequent gas nitriding. The influence of the thermochemical treatment with respect to a variation in the nitriding potential has been determined in terms of microstructure, phase formation, hardness distribution as well as reciprocating wear resistance at room and elevated temperature. The increase in hardness over 900 HV0.01 and wear resistance with wear rates consistently lower than 1.3 × 10-4 mm3 Nm−1 can be attributed to the successful enrichment of nitrogen and the formation of mainly Fe4N precipitates at the coating’s surface. Even at 350 °C, the nitride surface layer provides better wear protection compared to the as-sprayed condition.
Graphical Abstract
Influence of Sputtering DC Sputtering Power on the Surface Evolution of Ti Thin Films: A Fractal Description
Authors: Mwema F. M. , Wambua J. M. , Jen Tien-Chien , Akinlabi E. T. 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
The power supplied to the target during a sputtering process affects surface evolution. As such, the influence of sputtering power on the growth of titanium (Ti) thin films was studied. The Ti thin films were deposited using a direct current (DC) magnetron sputtering system from a pure Ti target on a glass substrate at varying sputtering powers of 15% (54.12 W), 30% (109.70 W), and 50% (188.17 W) of the maximum system capacity. The thin films were then characterised for topography using atomic force microscopy (AFM), morphology using a field emission scanning electron microscope (FESEM), and crystallinity using an x-ray diffractometer (XRD). Furthermore, fractal analysis based on the AFM imaging was undertaken to evaluate the growth mechanisms of the Ti thin films. The thickness, grain size, and roughness of the thin films increased with the deposition power. The samples were mostly amorphous, although at 30% and 50%, a weak peak of Ti (002) was observed via x-ray diffraction. The fractal dimension (Df) decreased with increasing power. The multifractality strength increased with increasing power. Based on the fractal study, Volmer-Weber and Stranski-Krastanov's modes describe the growth mechanism of Ti thin films deposited at varying sputtering power.
A Review Article: The Relationship Between Obesity and Colorectal Cancer
Authors: Nguyen Lily , Shanmugan Skandan 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
Purpose of Review
This article aims to review the recent literature assessing the relationship between obesity and colorectal carcinogenesis, the effect of obesity on the treatment of colorectal cancer (CRC), tools available to help augment the increased risk, and outcomes for patients who are affected by both obesity and colorectal cancer.

Recent Findings
The biochemical mechanisms contributing to CRC carcinogenesis are not well understood but are suspected to be related to adipose tissue leading to a pro-inflammatory state and changes in the gut microbiome. Individuals with obesity are at higher risk for CRC development, worse oncologic outcomes, and increased rates of post-operative complications. Bariatric surgery decreases CRC risk but results with GLP-1 agonists are heterogeneous. Prehabilitation is the only weight loss method that has been demonstrated to decrease risks of post-operative morbidity in this population.

Summary
Obesity augments CRC risk and outcomes. There are persistent knowledge gaps in etiology and epidemiology for the increased CRC risk in obese patients and more research is required to identify the therapeutic advantage of weight loss on CRC risk.
University Support and Prevention Needs for Sexual Harassment: What Do European Students and Doctoral Students Ask For?
Authors: Charlotta Löfgren , My Lilja , Mika Hagerlid , Wiebke Schoon , Irma Jakić , Cynthia Deverchin , Melina Westermann 
Published: December 2024

AbstractThis study explores experiences of and reflections on sexual harassment in academia among students and doctoral students from Belgium, Croatia, Germany, and Sweden. Prevalence studies show that sexual harassment is a common occurrence and has negative consequences not only on mental health in general but also on academic performance. However, little is known about what kinds of support and prevention are needed. Therefore, the aim of this study has been to develop in-depth knowledge about students’ and doctoral students’ reflections on how victims of sexual harassment in academia should be supported, and how sexual harassment in academia could be prevented. To achieve this aim, 54 individual interviews, and 6 focus group interviews with 18 participants, were conducted between 2020 and 2022 with a total of 72 participants at the bachelors, masters, doctoral level or state exam level. Based on a thematic analysis three themes emerged: (a) Information on sexual harassment, (b) Prerequisites for reporting and intervening, and (c) Support as a preventive activity. The results show an urgent need for information, since this is perceived as lacking by students and doctoral students, and suggested strategies for information provision are presented. Further, there are challenges related to reporting, and ignorance about how to intervene when sexual harassment is witnessed. Professional support is described as important, along with support from peers, mentors, family, and friends. These findings are relevant for researchers and for clinicians at university student health centres, to develop relevant preventive and supportive interventions in the context of academia.
A Kinematic Approach for Rip Current Identification from ADCP Observation Data at Haeundae Beach, Korea
Authors: Bang Inkweon , Kim KyungMan , Gu Jeong-bon , Shin Sung-min , Kim Jong Beom , Kang Boonsoon 
Published: December 2024

AbstractIn May 2023, direct observations of rip currents were conducted at Haeundae Beach, Korea, over a two-day period at six different stations using upward-facing Acoustic Doppler Current Profilers (ADCPs). The depth-averaged cross-shore velocity data were low-pass filtered with a 30-s cutoff period to eliminate wave-related motions. By applying 15-min boxcar averages, correlation analyses were performed to examine the relationship between three types of flow (cross-shore, onshore, and offshore) and three environmental factors (tide, wave, and wind). The analysis revealed that only one (R2-3) of the six stations had a high likelihood of rip current occurrence. Rip currents were defined as regions of offshore flow within the low-pass filtered time series of cross-shore velocities. For each identified rip current, three key kinematic features—maximum speed, duration, and distance—were estimated. Using specific thresholds for these features, hazardous rip currents were determined. Station R2-3 was the only station where hazardous rip currents were observed, which is consistent with the findings of the correlation analysis. Additionally, swells with a 15-s period were detected exclusively at R2-3 during the period of the hazardous rip currents, suggesting their significant role in the development of the observed rip currents. Furthermore, both Rip Index from the Rip Current Monitoring and Warning System and the CCTV Score from the Rip Current Checklist exceeded threshold values during this period, reinforcing the reliability of the method used. The potential influence of bound infragravity waves on the duration and variability of these rip currents was discussed. The rip currents observed at Haeundae Beach could be categorized as the "focused" type.