bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Rate-limiting steps in the dark-to-light transition of Photosystem II - revealed by chlorophyll-a fluorescence induction
Authors: Magyar Melinda , Sipka Gábor , Kovács László , Ughy Bettina , Zhu Qingjun , Han Guangye , Špunda Vladimír , Lambrev Petar H. , Shen Jian-Ren , Garab Győző 
Published: February 2018

AbstractPhotosystem II (PSII) catalyses the photoinduced oxygen evolution and, by producing reducing equivalents drives, in concert with PSI, the conversion of carbon dioxide to sugars. Our knowledge about the architecture of the reaction centre (RC) complex and the mechanisms of charge separation and stabilisation is well advanced. However, our understanding of the processes associated with the functioning of RC is incomplete: the photochemical activity of PSII is routinely monitored by chlorophyll-a fluorescence induction but the presently available data are not free of controversy. In this work, we examined the nature of gradual fluorescence rise of PSII elicited by trains of single-turnover saturating flashes (STSFs) in the presence of a PSII inhibitor, permitting only one stable charge separation. We show that a substantial part of the fluorescence rise originates from light-induced processes that occur after the stabilisation of charge separation, induced by the first STSF; the temperature-dependent relaxation characteristics suggest the involvement of conformational changes in the additional rise. In experiments using double flashes with variable waiting times (∆τ) between them, we found that no rise could be induced with zero or short ∆τ, the value of which depended on the temperature - revealing a previously unknown rate-limiting step in PSII.
LAMB3 mediates metastatic tumor behavior in papillary thyroid cancer by regulating c-MET/Akt signals
Authors: Jung Seung-Nam , Lim Hyun Sil , Liu Lihua , Chang Jae Won , Lim Young Chang , Rha Ki Sang , Koo Bon Seok 
Published: February 2018

AbstractLaminin subunit beta-3 (LAMB3) encodes one of the three subunits of LM-332, a protein of the extracellular matrix secreted by cultured human keratinocytes. While LAMB3 is involved in the invasive and metastatic abilities of several tumor types, including those found in the colon, pancreas, lung, cervix, stomach, and prostate, its mechanism of action in thyroid cancer has not been investigated previously. Our results show that LAMB3 is up-regulated in papillary thyroid cancer, and that its suppression reduces cell migration/invasion via down-regulation of epithelial‒mesenchymal transition-associated proteins (N-cadherin, vimentin, slug) and inhibition of matrix metalloproteinase 9. LAMB3 suppression also significantly decreases Akt phosphorylation and inhibits the transcription of c-MET, reducing its activation. These results suggest that LAMB3 leads to tumor invasion via Akt activation induced by the HGF/c-MET axis in papillary thyroid cancer cells. Our findings reveal a novel mechanism of action for LAMB3 in papillary thyroid cancer cells.
A White Random Laser
Authors: Chang Shu-Wei , Liao Wei-Cheng , Liao Yu-Ming , Lin Hung-I , Lin Hsia-Yu , Lin Wei-Ju , Lin Shih-Yao , Perumal Packiyaraj , Haider Golam , Tai Chia-Tse , Shen Kun-Ching , Chang Cheng-Han , Huang Yuan-Fu , Lin Tai-Yuan , Chen Yang-Fang 
Published: February 2018

AbstractRandom laser with intrinsically uncomplicated fabrication processes, high spectral radiance, angle-free emission, and conformal onto freeform surfaces is in principle ideal for a variety of applications, ranging from lighting to identification systems. In this work, a white random laser (White-RL) with high-purity and high-stability is designed, fabricated, and demonstrated via the cost-effective materials (e.g., organic laser dyes) and simple methods (e.g., all-solution process and self-assembled structures). Notably, the wavelength, linewidth, and intensity of White-RL are nearly isotropic, nevertheless hard to be achieved in any conventional laser systems. Dynamically fine-tuning colour over a broad visible range is also feasible by on-chip integration of three free-standing monochromatic laser films with selective pumping scheme and appropriate colour balance. With these schematics, White-RL shows great potential and high application values in high-brightness illumination, full-field imaging, full-colour displays, visible-colour communications, and medical biosensing.
Evolution of the cluster optical galaxy luminosity function in the CFHTLS: breaking the degeneracy between mass and redshift
Authors: Sarron F. , Martinet N. , Durret F. , Adami C. 
Published: February 2018

Obtaining large samples of galaxy clusters is important for cosmology: cluster counts as a function of redshift and mass can constrain the parameters of our Universe. They are also useful in order to understand the formation and evolution of clusters. We develop an improved version of the Adami & MAzure Cluster FInder (AMACFI), now the Adami, MAzure & Sarron Cluster FInder (AMASCFI), and apply it to the 154 deg2 of the Canada-France-Hawaii Telescope Legacy Survey (CFHTLS) to obtain a large catalogue of 1371 cluster candidates with mass M200 > 1014 M⊙ and redshift z ≤ 0.7. We derive the selection function of the algorithm from the Millennium simulation, and cluster masses from a richness–mass scaling relation built from matching our candidates with X-ray detections. We study the evolution of these clusters with mass and redshift by computing the i′-band galaxy luminosity functions (GLFs) for the early-type (ETGs) and late-type galaxies (LTGs). This sample is 90% pure and 70% complete, and therefore our results are representative of a large fraction of the cluster population in these redshift and mass ranges. We find an increase in both the ETG and LTG faint populations with decreasing redshift (with Schechter slopes αETG = −0.65 ± 0.03 and αLTG = −0.95 ± 0.04 at z = 0.6, and αETG = −0.79 ± 0.02 and αLTG = −1.26 ± 0.03 at z = 0.2) and also a decrease in the LTG (but not the ETG) bright end. Our large sample allows us to break the degeneracy between mass and redshift, finding that the redshift evolution is more pronounced in high-mass clusters, but that there is no significant dependence of the faint end on mass for a given redshift. These results show that the cluster red sequence is mainly formed at redshift z > 0.7, and that faint ETGs continue to enrich the red sequence through quenching of brighter LTGs at z ≤ 0.7. The efficiency of this quenching is higher in large-mass clusters, while the accretion rate of faint LTGs is lower as the more massive clusters have already emptied most of their environment at higher redshifts.
Probing the use of spectroscopy to determine the meteoritic analogues of meteors
Authors: Drouard A. , Vernazza P. , Loehle S. , Gattacceca J. , Vaubaillon J. , Zanda B. , Birlan M. , Bouley S. , Colas F. , Eberhart M. , Hermann T. , Jorda L. , Marmo C. , Meindl A. , Oefele R. , Zamkotsian F. , Zander F. 
Published: February 2018

Context. Determining the source regions of meteorites is one of the major goals of current research in planetary science. Whereas asteroid observations are currently unable to pinpoint the source regions of most meteorite classes, observations of meteors with camera networks and the subsequent recovery of the meteorite may help make progress on this question. The main caveat of such an approach, however, is that the recovery rate of meteorite falls is low (<20%), implying that the meteoritic analogues of at least 80% of the observed falls remain unknown.
Aims. Spectroscopic observations of incoming bolides may have the potential to mitigate this problem by classifying the incoming meteoritic material.
Methods. To probe the use of spectroscopy to determine the meteoritic analogues of incoming bolides, we collected emission spectra in the visible range (320–880 nm) of five meteorite types (H, L, LL, CM, and eucrite) acquired in atmospheric entry-like conditions in a plasma wind tunnel at the Institute of Space Systems (IRS) at the University of Stuttgart (Germany). A detailed spectral analysis including a systematic line identification and mass ratio determinations (Mg/Fe, Na/Fe) was subsequently performed on all spectra.
Results. It appears that spectroscopy, via a simple line identification, allows us to distinguish the three main meteorite classes (chondrites, achondrites and irons) but it does not have the potential to distinguish for example an H chondrite from a CM chondrite.
Conclusions. The source location within the main belt of the different meteorite classes (H, L, LL, CM, CI, etc.) should continue to be investigated via fireball observation networks. Spectroscopy of incoming bolides only marginally helps precisely classify the incoming material (iron meteorites only). To reach a statistically significant sample of recovered meteorites along with accurate orbits (>100) within a reasonable time frame (10–20 years), the optimal solution may be the spatial extension of existing fireball observation networks.
The nature of the TRAPPIST-1 exoplanets
Authors: Grimm Simon L. , Demory Brice-Olivier , Gillon Michaël , Dorn Caroline , Agol Eric , Burdanov Artem , Delrez Laetitia , Sestovic Marko , Triaud Amaury H. M. J. , Turbet Martin , Bolmont Émeline , Caldas Anthony , de Wit Julien , Jehin Emmanuël , Leconte Jérémy , Raymond Sean N. , Van Grootel Valérie , Burgasser Adam J. , Carey Sean , Fabrycky Daniel , Heng Kevin , Hernandez David M. , Ingalls James G. , Lederer Susan , Selsis Franck , Queloz Didier 
Published: February 2018

Context. The TRAPPIST-1 system hosts seven Earth-sized, temperate exoplanets orbiting an ultra-cool dwarf star. As such, it represents a remarkable setting to study the formation and evolution of terrestrial planets that formed in the same protoplanetary disk. While the sizes of the TRAPPIST-1 planets are all known to better than 5% precision, their densities have significant uncertainties (between 28% and 95%) because of poor constraints on the planet’s masses.
Aims. The goal of this paper is to improve our knowledge of the TRAPPIST-1 planetary masses and densities using transit-timing variations (TTVs). The complexity of the TTV inversion problem is known to be particularly acute in multi-planetary systems (convergence issues, degeneracies and size of the parameter space), especially for resonant chain systems such as TRAPPIST-1.
Methods. To overcome these challenges, we have used a novel method that employs a genetic algorithm coupled to a full N-body integrator that we applied to a set of 284 individual transit timings. This approach enables us to efficiently explore the parameter space and to derive reliable masses and densities from TTVs for all seven planets.
Results. Our new masses result in a five- to eight-fold improvement on the planetary density uncertainties, with precisions ranging from 5% to 12%. These updated values provide new insights into the bulk structure of the TRAPPIST-1 planets. We find that TRAPPIST-1 c and e likely have largely rocky interiors, while planets b, d, f, g, and h require envelopes of volatiles in the form of thick atmospheres, oceans, or ice, in most cases with water mass fractions less than 5%.
Homeopathic Dilutions, Hahnemann Principles, and the Solvent Issue: Must We Address Ethanol as a “Homeopathic” or a “Chemical” Issue?
Authors: Chirumbolo Salvatore , Bjørklund Geir 
Published: February 2018

Introduction Homeopathic remedies usually contain a significant amount of ethanol as a co-solvent with water, a pharmaceutical formulation that may raise some concern when remedies are tested in vitro or in laboratory animals, due to the assessed toxicity of ethanol on cell cultures and organisms. The amount of alcohol in a homeopathic remedy is adjusted following the different homeopathic pharmacopoeias but it is rarely below 30% v/v, which is a molar mass established to meet both Hahnemann's traditional heritage and the hypothetical role of ethanol in “imprinting” water, through the formation of nanobubbles, with the homeopathic activity of the remedy.
Aims This article aims at discussing the role of ethanol in homeopathic dilutions and how its chemical nature should affect the experimental approach in homeopathy.
Issues Under Debate While the content of ethanol in a homeopathic remedy should be as low as 20% v/v, which is a molar fraction able to catalyze the formation of nanobubbles in a dynamized alcohol–water dilution, this amount raises concern about ethanol toxicology in the experimental research with laboratory animals or in vitro. Several authors diluted 1:100 ethanol 30% v/v from their tested homeopathic dilutions with distilled water to prevent the cytotoxic effect of the alcohol, but in doing so, they probably reduced the ability of ethanol (now 0.3% v/v) to induce the formation of nanobubbles, thus probably affecting the homeopathic property of the same dilution. This may generate concerns about how to manage an experimental setting, to meet both the “chemical” nature of ethanol and its role in “homeopathy,” an issue that is discussed in the article.
Conclusion Any author working with homeopathic dilutions containing a molar fraction of ethanol higher than 20% should take into account the fact that ethanol is cytotoxic and may be a catalyst to the formation of nanobubbles, and so should adjust the experimental approach accordingly.
Die Durchführung der perkutanen gastralen Punktion im Rahmen der PEG-Anlage durch Pflegepersonal – rechtlich und fachlich legitim?
Authors: Karnine Jens 
Published: February 2018

ZusammenfassungDie perkutane endoskopische Gastrostomie ist ein etabliertes endoskopisch-chirurgisches Verfahren zur Anlage von Ernährungskathetern. Die Durchführung im praktischen Alltag erfordert für die Durchführung zwei Ärzte (Endoskopiker und Punkteur) und ist somit sehr personalintensiv. Da dieser Standard der Durchführung nicht immer eingehalten wird oder werden kann, schafft sich die praktische Realität ihre eigenen, kritisch zu hinterfragenden Lösungswege.Vor dem Hintergrund veränderter Rahmenbedingungen im Gesundheitswesen mit der Notwendigkeit neue Strukturen zu schaffen und Prozesse zu verändern, stellt sich die Frage, ob die Tätigkeit der perkutanen gastralen Punktion im Rahmen der PEG-Anlage nicht auch durch Pflegepersonal durchgeführt werden kann.Generell wird dies in rechtlichen und fachlichen Aussagen und Vorgaben verneint. Die PEG-Anlage ist als nicht delegierbare ärztliche Aufgabe klassifiziert. Bei genauer Betrachtungen und Untersuchung der in Deutschland gültigen Rechtsquellen, Gesetze, Richtlinien etc. lassen sich allerdings keinerlei Grundlagen schaffende Begründungen diesbezüglich erkennen. Im Rahmen der Betrachtung der praktischen Durchführungstätigkeit erscheint die Aussage der Nichtdelegierbarkeit der Durchführung der perkutanen gastralen Punktion ebenfalls als nicht begründbar und haltlos.Allerdings muss auch deutlich benannt werden, dass bei einer Übernahme der perkutanen gastralen Punktion durch Pflegepersonal bestimmte strukturelle, prozessorganisatorische und vor allem qualifikatorische Voraussetzungen vorausgesetzt und gegeben sein müssen.
Geometrical control of dissipation during the spreading of liquids on soft solids
Authors: Zhao Menghua , Dervaux Julien , Narita Tetsuharu , Lequeux François , Limat Laurent , Roché Matthieu 
Published: February 2018

Significance
Soft solids such as gels are routinely used to coat solid surfaces to control wetting and adhesion. While wetting statics on these coatings have received a lot of attention, the dynamics have hardly been studied. Here, we show that energy dissipation during spreading depends not only on the viscoelasticity of the gel but also on the thickness of the coating. We provide both an analytical model and a scaling law that predict the dynamic contact angle—i.e., the signature of dissipation in the droplet–substrate–atmosphere system—as a function of the mechanical properties of the gel and the thickness of the coating. Finally, we show that droplets moving on coatings having thickness gradients drift toward regions of higher dissipation.
PARP-1–dependent recruitment of cold-inducible RNA-binding protein promotes double-strand break repair and genome stability
Authors: Chen Jung-Kuei , Lin Wen-Ling , Chen Zhang , Liu Hung-wen 
Published: February 2018

Significance
The repair of DNA double-strand breaks (DSBs) entails complex and highly coordinated machinery, the detailed molecular organization of which remains to be fully understood. In this study, the cold-inducible RNA-binding protein (CIRBP) was identified as an active contributor during DSB repair. On DNA damage, CIRBP was found to temporarily accumulate at DNA damage sites through an interaction with poly(ADP ribose) polymerase-1 (PARP-1)-generated poly(ADP-ribose). CIRBP was also shown to modulate association of the MRN (Mre11, Rad50, and NBS1) complex and ATM kinase with chromatin and to reduce the activation of downstream signaling. The complex interactions among CIRBP, PARP-1, ATM kinase, and MRN provide compelling evidence supporting a role for CIRBP in the regulation of DSB repair and genome stability.
Circadian clock-dependent and -independent posttranscriptional regulation underlies temporal mRNA accumulation in mouse liver
Authors: Wang Jingkui , Symul Laura , Yeung Jake , Gobet Cédric , Sobel Jonathan , Lück Sarah , Westermark Pål O. , Molina Nacho , Naef Felix 
Published: February 2018

Significance
Rhythms in gene expression propelled by the circadian clock and environmental signals are ubiquitous across cells and tissues. In particular, in mouse tissues, thousands of transcripts show oscillations with a period of 24 hours. Keys question are how such rhythms propagate and eventually exert functions, but also how these are generated. Here, we developed a mathematical model based on total RNA-seq to classify genes according to the respective contributions of transcriptional and posttranscriptional regulation toward mRNA expression profiles. We found that about one-third of rhythmically accumulating mRNA are under posttranscriptional regulation. Such regulation is only partially dependent on the circadian clock, showing that systemic pathways and feeding patterns contribute important posttranscriptional control of gene expression in liver.
The longitudinal relationship between generalized self‐efficacy and physical activity in school‐aged children
Authors: Li Yao‐Chuen , Joshi Divya , King‐Dowling Sara , Hay John , Faught Brent E. , Cairney John 
Published: February 2018

AbstractOur understanding of the longitudinal relationship between generalized self‐efficacy (GSE) and physical activity in children and youth is limited. The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of GSE towards physical activity on sedentary behaviours and physical activity in school‐aged children over time. A total of 2278 nine‐year‐old children (1120 girls and 1158 boys) were recruited at baseline and followed for seven waves of data collection from 2005 to 2008. All children completed questionnaires at each wave assessing their GSE (adequacy, predilection, and enjoyment), sedentary behaviours, free play, and organized activity. Mixed‐effects models were used to estimate changes in physical activity and GSE within individuals over time, controlling for gender and motor ability. The results showed that participation in free play significantly increased over time, whereas organized activity significantly decreased over the same period. Children with high perceived adequacy and predilection had higher free play and organized activity participation relative to other children over time. However, the effect of perceived adequacy diminished over time, while the gaps between groups with different levels of predilection widened over time. While sedentary behaviours were lower over time in children with high predilection, these behaviours were consistently higher in children with high enjoyment. The differences in sedentary behaviours between groups increased over time for both predilection and enjoyment. This study highlights the importance of different components of GSE on physical activity participation. In addition, interventions targeting the enhancement of predilection may facilitate physical activity and reduce sedentary behaviours.
GCevobase: an evolution-based database for GC content in eukaryotic genomes
Authors: Wang Dapeng 
Published: February 2018

Abstract

Summary
How to comprehend the underlying mechanism behind the origin and evolution of genome composition such as GC content has been regarded as a long-standing crucial question, highlighting its biological significance and functional relevance. To varying extents, several systematically identified patterns of GC content variations are shown to be linked to a set of genomic features in the events of replication, transcription, translation and recombination, with strong contrasts between diverse phylogenetic or taxonomical groups. In this situation, we develop a repository—GCevobase—which houses compositional and size related data presented in various forms from 1118 genomes including 5 major clades of eukaryotic species such as vertebrates, invertebrates, plants, fungi and protists. It analyzes the cautiously selected sequences with clearly-defined bases and structures them under the taxonomical classification system (kingdom, phylum, class, order and family) at the genome and gene scales. It uses the diversified and intelligible graphs to show the statistical measurements of GC content in the sequence, at the three codon positions and at 4-fold degenerate sites and CDS length and their genome-wide correlations and display the evolutionary pathways of GC content by taking into account between-species orthologs and within-species paralogs for each annotated gene. In addition, a lot of internal and external links have been created, making it an effective communication between the data from individual genomes and the raw data are downloadable.

Availability and implementation
https://github.com/NextGenBioinformatics/GCevobase

Supplementary information
Supplementary data are available at Bioinformatics online.
Accelerometer Physical Activity is Associated with Greater Gray Matter Volumes in Older Adults Without Dementia or Mild Cognitive Impairment
Authors: Halloway Shannon , Arfanakis Konstantinos , Wilbur JoEllen , Schoeny Michael E , Pressler Susan J 
Published: February 2018

Abstract

Objectives
Physical activity (PA) is a modifiable health behavior that can protect against age-related gray matter atrophy and cognitive dysfunction. Current studies of PA and gray matter failed to utilize device measures of PA and do not focus on adults >80 years. Thus, the purpose of this secondary analysis was to examine cross-sectional associations between accelerometer lifestyle PA and (a) gray matter volumes and (b) cognitive function, controlling for demographics, and health status.

Method
Participants were 262 older adults without dementia or mild cognitive impairment from Rush Memory and Aging Project, an epidemiological cohort study. Participants wore an accelerometer to assess total daily lifestyle PA, and completed anatomical magnetic resonance imaging to assess gray matter volumes and a neurocognitive test battery to assess cognitive function.

Results
Multivariate linear regression indicated that higher levels of total daily lifestyle PA was significantly related to larger gray matter volumes, F(2, 215) = 3.61, p = .027, including subcortical gray matter (β = 0.17, p = .007) and total gray matter (β = 0.11, p = .049), with no significant associations between lifestyle PA and cognitive function.

Discussion
These findings may inform future lifestyle PA interventions in order to attenuate age-related gray matter atrophy.