bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Faktor-faktor yang Berkorelasi dengan Status Nutrisi pada Pasien Continuous Ambulatory Peritoneal Dialysis (CAPD)
Authors: Yulianti Mira , Suhardjono Suhardjono , Kresnawan Triyani , Harimurti Kuntjoro 
Published: March 2018

Pendahuluan. Perubahan status nutrisi dikaitkan dengan tingginya mortalitas pada kelompok pasien penyakit ginjal tahap akhir (PGTA). Berbagai penelitian menunjukkan tingginya prevalensi malnutrisi pada pasien dialisis kronik, namun hingga saat ini, penelitian lebih banyak dilakukan pada pasien yang menjalani hemodialisis. Dengan latar belakang berkembangnya CAPD di Indonesia, perlu diteliti faktor-faktor yang berkaitan dengan kesintasan pasien CAPD untuk menekan tingginya morbiditas dan mortalitas pada kelompok pasien tersebut, salah satunya adalah faktor nutrisi.Metode. Penelitian ini merupakan studi potong lintang pada kelompok pasien PGTA yang menjalani CAPD yang kontrol keRSCM dan RS Satelit. Dilakukan pengumpulan data denga wawancara, pemeriksaan fisik, penjelasan mengenai metode pencatatan makanan dengan food record oleh dietisian dengan menggunakan alat bantu food model. Pada saat kontrolberikutnya pasien diminta untuk mengembalikan food record dan menjalani pemeriksaan darah (hsCRP dan AGD vena).Hasil. Sebanyak 33 (75%) subjek penelitian memiliki status nutrisi baik dan 11 (25%) pasien memiliki status nutrisi kurang. Pada analisis bivariat penelitian ini didapatkan korelasi (r=0,433 ; p=0,003) antara hsCRP dan status nutrisi.Simpulan. Faktor yang berkorelasi dengan status nutrisi pada pasien CAPD adalah inflamasi.
Determinan Diagnostik Klinis Defisiensi Vitamin D pada Wanita Berusia Lebih dari 50 Tahun
Authors: Vera Vera , Setiati Siti , Roosheroe Arya Govinda 
Published: March 2018

Pendahuluan. Prevalensi deifisiensi vitamin D pada wanita 50 tahun ke atas di Indonesia cukup tinggi namun pemeriksaan kadar vitamin D serum sangat mahal. Oleh karena itu, diperlukan alat penyaring defisiensi vitamin D yang cukup ekonomis dan sederhana untuk dikerjakan di layanan kesehatan primer.Metode. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian diagnostik, menggunakan desain potong lintang (cross-sectional) sehubungan dengan pengambilan data hanya dilakukan sewaktu saja. Penelitian ini dilakukan di Kotamadia Bandung selama Agustus–Oktober 2012. Pada 240 subjek, dilakukan pengumpulan data berupa karakteristik responden, diabetes mellitus, penyakit ginjal kronik, riwayat jatuh, riwayat fraktur setelah menopause, nyeri tulang, skor paparan sinar matahari, skor proteksi sinar matahari, status gizi, kinerja fisik (5 timed chair-stands dan uji sikap tandem), status kesehatan (jumlah dan derajat berat penyakit kronis), kadar vitamin D serum. Untuk pengujian statistik hubungan antara dua variabel kualitatif dikotom dilakukan dengan uji Chi-square dilanjutkan dengan uji multivariat.Hasil. Penelitian ini menemukan hubungan yang bermakna secara statistik antara diabetes mellitus, skor proteksi matahari, kelemaan otot ekstremitas bawah dengan defiisensi vitamin D. Berdasarkan ketiga determinan tersebut, dapat dibuat sistem skoring yang dapat digunakan untuk menyaring kelompok wanita 50 tahun ke atas yang mempunyai probabilitas besar menderita defisiensi vitamin D.Simpulan. Determinan diagnostik defisiensi vitamin D berat yang ditemukan pada penelitian ini meliputi: adanya diabetes melitus, skor proteksi matahari, kelemahan otot tungkai bawah. Sistem skoring untuk menyaring defisiensi vitamin D berat pada wanita berusia 50 tahun ke atas dapat dibuat berdasarkan ketiga determinan tersebut di atas. Bobot untuk masing-masing determinan adalah: 1 untuk diabetes mellitus dan kelemahan otot tungkai bawah serta 2 untuk skor proteksi matahari. Bila penjumlahan dari skor ketiga komponen tersebut ³2, maka subjek tersebut diprediksi menderita defisiensi vitamin D berat.
Perdarahan Saluran Cerna sebagai Manifestasi Tuberkulosis Intestinum pada Pasien Lepra dengan Reaksi Reversal dan Riwayat Terapi Steroid Jangka Panjang
Authors: Gebrina Meutia , Nursyirwan Saskia Aziza , Soewondo Pradana , Fauzi Achmad , Renaldi Kaka 
Published: March 2018

Tuberkulosis usus merupakan suatu kondisi yang cukup sulit ditegakkan diagnosisnya. Gejala penyakit ini tidak khas dan pemeriksaan penunjang yang dilakukan seringkali menunjukkan hasil negatif. Salah satu gejala yang tidak khas dari tuberkulosis usus adalah perdarahan saluran cerna, yang harus menjadi kewaspadaan praktisi klinis.Kata kunci: perdarahan saluran cerna, tuberkulosis Gastrointestinal Bleeding as a Manifestation of Intestinal Tuberculosis in Leprosy Patients with Reversal Reaction and History of Long-Term Steroid TherapyIntestinal tuberculosis is difficult to be diagnosed. Signs and symptoms usually are not specific, and the results of diagnostictools are frequently negative. One of the unusual symptoms of intestinal tuberculosis is gastrointestinal bleeding, whichshould increase the awareness of clinical practitioners.Keywords: gastrointestinal bleeding, tuberculosis
Tantangan dalam Tata Laksana Malaria Berat di Rumah Sakit Daerah Terpencil di Indonesia
Authors: Priantono Dimas , Purnama Asep , Nelwan Erni Juwita 
Published: March 2018

Malaria falciparum merupakan infeksi yang disebabkan oleh Plasmodium falciparum (Pf) yang sering menimbulkan komplikasi hingga timbul malaria berat dengan mortalitas yang tinggi. Manajemen malaria di daerah terpencil memiliki tantangan tersendiri sebagai akibat dari kurangnya kemampuan sumber daya manusia dan fasilitas diagnosis dan tata laksana yang memadai. Pada artikel ini akan dibahas mengenai kasus infeksi Malaria Falciparum dengan diagnosis yang ditegakkan secara pasti melalui pemeriksaan mikroskopis darah yang menyatakan adanya parasit Pf. Pasien sudah menerima Artemisinin-Based Combination Therapy (ACT) berupa dihidroartemisinin (DHA)-piperakuin (PPQ) dan primakuin (PQ). Pada evaluasi setelah pemberian obat ACT dan primakuin, tidak ada perbaikan klinis dan mikroskopis. Pengobatan malaria lini kedua berupa kina, doksisiklin dan PQ diberikan dan memberikan perbaikan klinis dan mikroskopis.Kata Kunci: Artemisinin Combination Therapy, doksisiklin, kina, malaria falsiparum Challenges in Providing Treatment of Severe Malaria Case in a District Hospital of Remote Area in IndonesiaSevere Malaria is commonly found due to Plasmodium falciparum infection, which is causing high mortality in patient. A Severe case might be difficult to treat optimally in the remote settings area that could be due to lack in awareness of disease manifestation and inadequate diagnostic facilities. We report a case of Severe Malaria Falciparum infection, confirmed by blood smear eamination of Plasmodium falciparum (Pf) parasites. Patient had received Artemicinin Based Combination Therapy (ACT), which consisted of dihydroartemisinin (DHA)-piperaquine and primaquine (PQ) with no clear clinical and microscopy improvement. The second line anti malaria consisted of quinine, doxycycline, and PQ was then initiated, showing clinical and microscopy responses.
Tea saponin reduces the damage of Ectropis obliqua to tea crops, and exerts reduced effects on the spiders Ebrechtella tricuspidata and Evarcha albaria compared to chemical insecticides
Authors: Zeng Chi , Wu Lingbing , Zhao Yao , Yun Yueli , Peng Yu 
Published: March 2018

Background
Tea is one of the most economically important crops in China. However, the tea geometrid (Ectropis obliqua), a serious leaf-feeding pest, causes significant damage to tea crops and reduces tea yield and quality. Spiders are the most dominant predatory enemies in the tea plantation ecosystem, which makes them potentially useful biological control agents of E. obliqua. These highlight the need for alternative pest control measures. Our previous studies have shown that tea saponin (TS) exerts insecticidal activity against lepidopteran pests. Here, we investigate whether TS represents a potentially new alternative insecticide with no harm to spiders.

Methods
We investigated laboratory bioactivities and the field control properties of TS solution against E. obliqua. (i) A leaf-dip bioassay was used to evaluate the toxicity of TS to 3rd-instar E. obliqua larvae and effects of TS on the activities of enzymes glutathione-S-transferase (GST), acetylcholinesterase (AChE), carboxylesterase (CES) and peroxidase (POD) of 3rd-instar E. obliqua larvae in the laboratory. (ii) Topical application was used to measure the toxicity of 30% TS (w/v) and two chemical insecticides (10% bifenthrin EC and 50% diafenthiuron SC) to two species of spider, Ebrechtella tricuspidata and Evarcha albaria. (iii) Field trials were used to investigate the controlling efficacy of 30% TS against E. obliqua larvae and to classify the effect of TS to spiders in the tea plantation.

Results
The toxicity of TS to 3rd-instar E. obliqua larvae occurred in a dose-dependent manner and the LC50 was 164.32 mg/mL. Activities of the detoxifying-related enzymes, GST and POD, increased in 3rd-instar E. obliqua larvae, whereas AChE and CES were inhibited with time by treatment with TS. Mortalities of E. tricuspidata and E. albaria after 48 h with 30% TS treatment (16.67% and 20%, respectively) were significantly lower than those with 10% bifenthrin EC (80% and 73.33%, respectively) and 50% diafenthiuron EC (43.33% and 36.67%, respectively). The highest controlling efficacy of 30% TS was 77.02% at 5 d after treatment, which showed no difference to 10% bifenthrin EC or 50% diafenthiuron SC. 30% TS was placed in the class N (harmless or slightly harmful) of IOBC (International Organization of Biological Control) categories for natural enemies, namely spiders.

Conclusions
Our results indicate that TS is a botanical insecticide that has a good controlling efficacy in E. obliqua larvae, which suggests it has promise as application in the integrated pest management (IPM) envisaged for tea crops.
Exploring the association between whole blood Omega-3 Index, DHA, EPA, DHA, AA and n-6 DPA, and depression and self-esteem in adolescents of lower general secondary education
Authors: van der Wurff I. S. M. , von Schacky C. , Bergeland T. , Leontjevas R. , Zeegers M. P. , Kirschner P. A. , de Groot R. H. M. 
Published: March 2018

AbstractPurposeDepression is common in adolescents and long-chain polyunsaturated fatty acids (LCPUFA) are suggested to be associated with depression. However, research in adolescents is limited. Furthermore, self-esteem has never been studied in relation to LCPUFA. The objective here was to determine associations of depression and self-esteem with eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA), docosahexaenoic acid (DHA), Omega-3 Index (O3I), n-6 docosapentaenoic acid (n-6 DPA, also called Osbond acid, ObA), n-3 docosapentaenoic acid (DPA), and arachidonic acid (AA) concentrations in blood of adolescents attending lower general secondary education (LGSE).MethodsBaseline cross-sectional data from a krill oil supplementation trial in adolescents attending LGSE with an O3I ≤ 5% were analysed using regression models built with the BayesFactor package in R. Fatty acids and O3I were determined in blood. Participants filled out the Centre for Epidemiologic Studies Depression (CES-D) scale and the Rosenberg Self-Esteem scale (RSE).ResultsScores indicative of depression (CES-D ≥ 16) were found in 29.4% of the respondents. Of all fatty acids, we found extreme evidence [Bayes factor (BF) > 100] for a weak negative association between ObA and depression score [− 0.16; 95% credible interval (CI) − 0.28 to − 0.04; BF10 = 245], and substantial evidence for a weak positive association between ObA and self-esteem score (0.09; 95% CI, − 0.03 to 0.20; BF10 = 4). When all fatty acids were put in one model as predictors of CES-D or RSE, all of the 95% CI contained 0, i.e., no significant association.ConclusionNo evidence was found for associations of DHA, EPA and O3I with depression or self-esteem scores in LGSE adolescents with O3I ≤ 5%. The associations of higher ObA status with lower depression and higher self-esteem scores warrant more research.
Galanin Administration Partially Restores Erectile Function After Cavernous Nerve Injury and Mediates Endogenous Nitrergic Nerve Outgrowth In Vitro
Authors: Weyne Emmanuel , Hannan Johanna L. , Gevaert Thomas , Soebadi Mohammad Ayodhia , Matsui Hotaka , Castiglione Fabio , van Renterghem Koenraad , De Ridder Dirk , Van der Aa Frank , Bivalacqua Trinity J. , Albersen Maarten 
Published: March 2018

AbstractBackgroundPreviously, we found that the neuropeptide galanin was strongly upregulated soon after bilateral cavernous nerve injury (BCNI) and that galanin and its receptors were expressed in nitrergic erectile innervation. Galanin has been observed to exert neuroregenerative effects in dorsal root ganglion neurons, but evidence for these effects in the major pelvic ganglion (MPG) after BCNI is lacking.AimTo evaluate the neurotropic effects of galanin receptor agonists and antagonists in vitro in nitrergic neurons and MPG and in vivo in rats after BCNI.MethodsMale Sprague-Dawley rats underwent BCNI and sham surgery. Organ culture and single-cell neuron culture of the MPG were performed. Osmotic pump treatment with the galanin agonist in vivo and measurement of erectile response to electrostimulation after BCNI, immunohistochemical localization of galanin and receptors in the human neurovascular bundle, and myographic analysis of rat corpus cavernosum smooth muscle relaxation to galanin receptor agonists were investigated.OutcomesNeurite outgrowth in vitro and erectile response to electrostimulation after BCNI in vivo, immunohistochemical localization of galanin and receptors, and penile muscle relaxation in vitro.ResultsGalanin showed neurotrophic action in vitro and inhibition of endogenous galanin significantly impaired neurite outgrowth in nitrergic but not in sympathetic MPG neurons. In vivo administration of a selective galanin receptor-2 agonist, M1145, resulted in partial recovery of erectile function (EF) after BCNI. Galanin did not act as a direct vasodilator on corpus cavernosum muscle strips.Clinical TranslationEndogenous neurotrophins such as galanin could be used as a strategy to improve EF for patients after BCNI from radical prostatectomy.Strengths and LimitationsWe evaluated the effect of galanin on nerve regeneration and EF recovery in vivo and in vitro. Limitations include the lack of washout period for the in vivo experiment and absence of differences in the expression of neuronal markers between treatment groups.ConclusionsWe identified galanin as a potential endogenous mechanism for nerve regeneration after BCNI, which could play a physiologic role in EF recovery after radical prostatectomy. In vivo treatment with exogenous galanin was beneficial in enhancing EF recovery after BCNI, but further research is necessary to understand the underlying mechanisms.
Sexual Functioning After Childhood Abuse: The Influence of Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder and Trauma Exposure
Authors: Bornefeld-Ettmann Pia , Steil Regina , Lieberz Klara A. , Bohus Martin , Rausch Sophie , Herzog Julia , Priebe Kathlen , Fydrich Thomas , Müller-Engelmann Meike 
Published: March 2018

AbstractBackgroundImpairments in sexual functioning and sexual satisfaction are very common in women who have experienced childhood sexual abuse (CSA). A growing body of literature suggests a high prevalence of sexual distress in patients with post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD). However, the influence of sexual trauma exposure per se and the influence of PTSD symptoms on impairments in sexual functioning remain unclear.AimThe aim of this study was to investigate the influence of sexual trauma exposure and PTSD on sexual functioning and sexual satisfaction by comparing 3 groups of women.MethodsWomen with PTSD after CSA (N = 32), women with a history of CSA and/or physical abuse but without PTSD (trauma controls [TC]; N = 32), and healthy women (N = 32) were compared with regards to self-reported sexual functioning and sexual satisfaction. Trauma exposure was assessed with the Childhood Trauma Questionnaire, and PTSD was assessed with the Clinician-Administered PTSD Scale for Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, Fifth Edition.OutcomesSexual functioning was assessed with the Sexual Experience and Behavior Questionnaire, and sexual satisfaction was assessed with the questionnaire Resources in Sexuality and Relationship.ResultsPTSD patients had significantly lower sexual functioning in some aspects of sexual experience (sexual aversion, sexual pain, and sexual satisfaction) but did not significantly differ in sexual arousal and orgasm from the other 2 groups. TC and healthy women did not significantly differ from each other on the measures of sexual functioning or sexual satisfaction.Clinical TranslationResults suggest that the development of PTSD has a greater impact on sexual functioning than does the experience of a traumatic event. This emphasizes the importance to address possible sexual distress and sexual satisfaction in women with PTSD by administering specific diagnostic instruments and by integrating specific interventions targeting sexual problems into a trauma-specific treatment.ConclusionsThe study is the first comparing PTSD patients and TC with healthy women with regards to sexual functioning. Limitations are selection and size of the samples, the assessment of sexual functioning by self-report measures only, and lack of consideration of other potentially relevant factors influencing sexuality. The findings suggest that the experience of sexual abuse does not necessarily lead to sexual impairment, whereas comparably low levels of sexual functioning seem to be prominent in PTSD patients after CSA. Further research is needed on how to improve treatment for this patient group.
Left ventricular outflow tract pseudoaneurysm diagnosed with point-of-care ultrasound in the emergency department
Authors: Kapur Puneet , Baimel Melanie , Chenkin Jordan 
Published: March 2018

AbstractLeft ventricular outflow tract pseudoaneurysms are a rare but life-threatening disorder, often caused by complications of cardiac surgery or myocardial infarction. We present a case report of a patient with no prior risk factors who presented with a six-month history of progressive exertional dyspnea, bilateral leg swelling and cough. Point-of-care ultrasound revealed an unexpected outpouching of the left ventricle. He was diagnosed with a left ventricular outflow tract pseudoaneurysm and subsequently went into cardiogenic shock secondary to extension of pseudoaneurysm causing extrinsic compression of the coronary arteries. The patient underwent successful emergency surgical repair and made a full recovery.
Scaling diode-pumped, high energy picosecond lasers to kilowatt average powers
Authors: Reagan Brendan A. , Baumgarten Cory , Jankowska Elzbieta , Chi Han , Bravo Herman , Dehne Kristian , Pedicone Michael , Yin Liang , Wang Hanchen , Menoni Carmen S. , Rocca Jorge J. 
Published: March 2018

Recent results in the development of diode-driven high energy, high repetition rate, picosecond lasers, including the demonstration of a cryogenic Yb:YAG active mirror amplifier that produces 1.5 J pulses at 500 Hz repetition rate (0.75 kW average power) are reviewed. These pulses are compressed resulting in the generation of ${\sim}5~\text{ps}$ duration, 1 J pulses with 0.5 kW average power. A full characterization of this high power cryogenic amplifier, including at-wavelength interferometry of the active region under ${>}1~\text{kW}$ average power pump conditions, is presented. An initial demonstration of operation at 1 kW average power (1 J, 1 kHz) is reported.
The Economic Value of the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention Carbapenem-Resistant Enterobacteriaceae Toolkit
Authors: Bartsch Sarah M. , Huang Susan S. , McKinnell James A. , Wong Kim F. , Mueller Leslie E. , Miller Loren G. , Lee Bruce Y. 
Published: March 2018

OBJECTIVEWhile previous work showed that the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention toolkit for carbapenem-resistant Enterobacteriaceae (CRE) can reduce spread regionally, these interventions are costly, and decisions makers want to know whether and when economic benefits occur.DESIGNEconomic analysisSETTINGOrange County, CaliforniaMETHODSUsing our Regional Healthcare Ecosystem Analyst (RHEA)-generated agent-based model of all inpatient healthcare facilities, we simulated the implementation of the CRE toolkit (active screening of interfacility transfers) in different ways and estimated their economic impacts under various circumstances.RESULTSCompared to routine control measures, screening generated cost savings by year 1 when hospitals implemented screening after identifying ≤20 CRE cases (saving $2,000–$9,000) and by year 7 if all hospitals implemented in a regional coordinated manner after 1 hospital identified a CRE case (hospital perspective). Cost savings was achieved only if hospitals independently screened after identifying 10 cases (year 1, third-party payer perspective). Cost savings was achieved by year 1 if hospitals independently screened after identifying 1 CRE case and by year 3 if all hospitals coordinated and screened after 1 hospital identified 1 case (societal perspective). After a few years, all strategies cost less and have positive health effects compared to routine control measures; most strategies generate a positive cost-benefit each year.CONCLUSIONSActive screening of interfacility transfers garnered cost savings in year 1 of implementation when hospitals acted independently and by year 3 if all hospitals collectively implemented the toolkit in a coordinated manner. Despite taking longer to manifest, coordinated regional control resulted in greater savings over time.Infect Control Hosp Epidemiol 2018;39:516–524
Breaking Free from Smoking: A Novel Digital Smoking Cessation Intervention for Offenders in UK Prisons
Authors: Dugdale Stephanie , Ward Jonathan , Elison-Davies Sarah , Davies Glyn , Brown Emma 
Published: March 2018

Introduction: The level of smoking cessation support across UK prisons is variable, with most offering pharmacological support, such as nicotine replacement therapy. However, with a complete smoking ban in prisons in England now imminent, additional standardised behavioural support is necessary to help offenders go smoke-free.Aims: This study used the Behaviour Change Wheel to aim to develop the content of an online smoking cessation intervention for offenders, with consideration of their capability, motivation and opportunity for behaviour change.Methods: This was an intervention development study. The Behaviour Change Wheel was used to map cognitive, behavioural, physiological and social targets for the intervention, onto appropriate intervention techniques for inclusion in the smoking cessation programme for offenders.Results: Psychological capability, social opportunity and reflective and automatic motivation were identified through deductive thematic analysis as areas of change required to achieve smoking cessation. A total of 27 behavioural change techniques were chosen for this smoking cessation intervention and were mapped onto the Lifestyle Balance Model which provided the theoretical basis on which the components of the programme are conceptualised. This included strategies around increasing motivation to quit, anticipating smoking triggers, modifying smoking-related thoughts, regulating emotions, managing cravings, replacing smoking and rewarding nicotine abstinence and adopting a healthier lifestyle.Conclusions: Through the utilisation of the Behaviour Change Wheel, the development process of this digital smoking cessation intervention was achieved. Further research is planned to evaluate the clinical effectiveness of this intervention and to explore how the programme is implemented in practice within prison settings.