bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Nutritional and Spectral Characteristics of Terminalia Plants
Authors: Chakradhari Suryakant , Rajhans Keshaw P. , Patel Khageshwar S. , Towett Erick K. , Martín-Gil Jesús , Martín-Ramos Pablo 
Published: April 2019

Aims: Terminalia spp. is medicinal plants that belong to Combretaceae family, widely used in traditional Ayurvedic medicine. In this work, the nutritional constituents of the leaves, seed kernel and seed coat from four Terminalia species (T. arjuna, T. bellirica, T. catappa and T. chebula) are reported.
Methodology: Polyphenol and flavonoid contents were analyzed spectrophotometrically by using Folin-Ciocalteu and aluminum chloride as reagents, respectively; mineral contents were quantified by using X-ray fluorescence; and the functional groups of the phytochemicals were investigated by infrared spectroscopy.
Results: The total concentration of 20 macro- and micronutrients and heavy metals (viz. P, S, Cl, K, Rb, Mg, Ca, Sr, Ba, Al, Ti, Cr, Mn, Fe, Co, Cu, Zn, Mo, As and Pb), and the total polyphenol and flavonoid contents in the seed kernels ranged from 1754 to 65521 mg/kg, from 2150 to 51100 mg/kg and from 63 to 42300 mg/kg, respectively. Polyphenol and mineral contents for the Terminalia spp. seed coats and leaves were also determined. The enrichment in each of aforementioned elements with respect to the soil content was calculated. The vibrational spectra of the leaves and seed coats agreed with a composition rich in lignin, hemicellulose, cutin, pectin and flavonoids, while those of the seed kernels were in accordance with the presence of unsaturated oils, protein, and fiber.
Conclusion: Various parts of the four Terminalia species under study (T. arjuna, T. bellirica, T. catappa and T. chebula) featured high contents of nutrients and polyphenols needed for biological metabolism and human health. In addition, heavy metals were only present at traces level, indicating that these Terminalia plants would be safe for medicinal uses.
Productivity and Nutrient Supply in ‘Gigante’ Cactus Pear with Regulated Deficit Irrigation Using Wastewater
Authors: De Souza José Alberto Alves , Santos Delfran Batista dos , Camelo Thaís Carvalho , Dos Reis Giliarde Alves , Cotrim Carlos Elízio 
Published: April 2019

Aims: To evaluate productivity and nutrient supply in 'Gigante' cactus pear with regulated deficit irrigation (RDI) using wastewater, compared to RDI using common water and fertilization with bovine manure.
Study Design: Treatments: no fertilization and no irrigation (T1); no fertilization and RDI with wastewater (0.6 L plant-1 week-1) (T2); no fertilization and RDI with wastewater (1.2 L plant-1 week-1, applied once a week) (T3); no fertilization and RDI with wastewater (1.2 L plant-1 week-1, divided into two applications per week) (T4); with organic fertilization (60 Mg ha-1 of bovine manure) and RDI with common water (1.2 L plant-1 week-1) (T5); and with organic fertilization (60 Mg ha-1 of bovine manure) and no irrigation (T6). The treatments were arranged in a randomized complete block design, with five replicates.
Place and Duration of Study: The experiment was carried out between October 2015 and August 2017 at Instituto Federal Baiano, Guanambi Campus, Brazil.
Methodology: Productivity of green and dry matter, amount of macro and micronutrients applied in the soil by wastewater and by organic fertilizer, macro and micronutrient contents present in the cladodes tissues, and macro and micronutrient contents in the soil were evaluated. The wastewater used was collected in the stabilization pond of the campus.
Results: Green matter yield was significantly higher in irrigated treatments. Regarding dry matter, its value was higher in T5 and it did not differ statistically in the others.
Conclusions: RDI, using common water, provided a yield of green matter 2.47 times higher than in non-irrigated treatment with the same fertilization; in the absence of organic fertilization, RDI, using wastewater, provided a yield of green matter 1.96 times higher than in non-irrigated treatment; in the absence of irrigation, organic fertilization does not provided a yield higher than in non-fertilized treatment; and the contribution of N, K, Cu, Zn and Mn only by the wastewater is not enough to sustain the crop's productivity in the long term.
Agronomic Characteristics, Chemical Composition and In vitro Gas Production of Sugarcane Cultivars (Saccharum spp.) for Feeding Ruminants
Authors: Dos Reis Rafael Henrique Pereira , Abreu Joadil Gonçalves de , Almeida Roberto Giolo de , Cabral Luciano Da Silva , Cabral Carlos Eduardo Avelino , Barros Livia Vieira de , Cabral Carlos Eduardo Avelino , Neto Arthur Behling , Matter Edegar , Royer Patricia Orlando , Herrera Dayenne Mariane , Farias Joana De Medeiros 
Published: April 2019

The aim of this work was to evaluate the agronomic characteristics, chemical composition and in vitro gas production of sugarcane (Saccharum spp.) cultivars used in ruminant feed. The experimental design was a randomized block containing seven treatments and three replications totaling 21 plots. The cultivars RB835436, RB925211, RB925345, RB937570, RB945961, RB955970 e SP91-1049 was evaluated for dry matter, dry matter yield, stalk percentage, stalk tons per hectare, plant height, stalk diameter, number of tillers per linear meter, mass per stem, soluble solids content (BRIX), NDF/BRIX ratio and tons of sucrose/ha, total digestible nutrients, digestible energy, metabolizable energy, net energy and in vitro digestibility of organic matter, crude protein, neutral detergent fiber (NDF) and acid detergent, of digestion and In vitro gas production of non-fibrous carbohydrates, latency time, digestion rate and gas production of fibrous carbohydrates, and in vitro digestibility of organic matter. There was a significant difference between the cultivars regarding the neutral detergent fiber content, in vitro digestibility of organic matter, total digestible nutrients, digestible energy, net energy, degradation rates of fibrous and non-fibrous carbohydrates and latency period. There was a negative correlation between stem percentage and NDF/BRIX and positive correlation between in vitro digestibility of organic matter and total digestible nutrients. The results were submitted to analysis of variance and mean test by Scott-Knott and Pearson's correlation analysis. The statistical program used was SAEG 2000. The RB835486 variety was superior to the other cultivars, as it presented 93.28% of stem, 57.5% of in vitro digestibility of organic matter, NDF / BRIX ratio of 2.68, 43.78% NDF, latency period 2.86h and fibrous carbohydrate degradation rate of 2.26% per hour. Therefore, this cultivar was better indicated for animal feeding between May and July in the State of Mato Grosso, Brazil.
Psychometric Properties of Iranian Man Spousal Abuse Questionnaire
Authors: Ghahari Shahrbanoo , Fallah Maryam Yeke , Zarghami Mehran , Viesy Fatemeh , Ghayoomi Raoofeh , Davoodi Reza , Talemi Abouzar Nouri 
Published: April 2019

Aim: This study was conducted to examine psychometric properties of Iranian Man spousal Abuse Questionnaire.
Methodology: This descriptive study was carried out within two steps using combined method including qualitative steps. Authors performed deep interview and determined the focused group of men’s spouse abuse concept then designed the questionnaire using phenomenology method. At second step, psychometric properties of questionnaire were addressed using exploratory factor analysis, validity of instrument and internal consistency. Statistical population consisted of married men living in Alborz and Tehran in Iran in 2017 who had referred to couple therapy clinics complaining about marital problems; 7 psychologists working in these centers also participated in this study. 400 married men living in Alborz were selected using convenient sampling method; these members filled the man abuse questionnaire out.
Results: According to the results obtained from the 50-item questionnaire that measures 5 dimensions of men’s domestic violence including active aggression and sexual abuse, verbal abuse and negligence, emotional and verbal abuse, passive aggression and domination, these 5 factors could explain 67.05% of total variance. Moreover, the obtained Cronbach’s alpha (0.98) for all questions indicated high internal consistency of questions.
Conclusion: Findings show that the questionnaire of domestic violence against men made it possible to evaluate various dimensions of domestic violence against men using 5 factors and it is a suitable instrument to assess men’ domestic violence in Iranian community considering results obtained from validity and reliability calculation.
Evaluating Sampling Designs for Assessing the Accuracy of Cropland Extent Maps in Different Cropland Proportion Regions
Authors: Yadav Kamini , Congalton Russell G. 
Published: April 2019

The GFSAD30m cropland extent map has been recently produced at a spatial resolution of 30m as a part of NASA MEaSUREs’ Program Global Food Security Data Analysis (GFSAD) project. Accuracy assessment of this GFSAD30m cropland extent map was initially performed using an assessment strategy involving a simple random sampling (SRS) design and an optimum sample size of 250 for each of 72 different regions around the world. However, while statistically valid, this sampling design was not effective in regions of low cropland proportion (LCP) of less than 15% cropland area proportion (CAP).
The SRS sampling resulted in an insufficient number of samples for the rare cropland class due to low cropland distribution, proportion, and pattern. Therefore, given our objective of effectively assessing the cropland extent map in these LCP regions, the use of an alternate sampling design was necessary. A stratified random sampling design was applied using a predetermined minimum number of samples followed by a proportional distribution (i.e., SMPS) for different cropland proportion regions to achieve sufficient sample size of the rare cropland map class and appropriate accuracy measures.
The SRS and SMPS designs were compared at a common optimum sample size of 250 which was determined using a sample simulation analysis in ten different cropland proportion regions. The results demonstrate that the two sampling designs performed differently in the various cropland proportion regions and therefore, must be selected according to the cropland extent maps to be assessed.
Development and Psychometric Evaluation of the Need Assessment Tool for Women with the Experience of Pregnancy Termination Due to Fetal Anomalies: Protocol for a Mixed Methods Study
Authors: Kamranpour Bahareh , Noroozi Mahnaz , Bahrami Massoud 
Published: April 2019

Introduction: Fetal anomalies, especially when results in pregnancy termination, is a great challenge for pregnant women. Pregnancy termination can have a great physical, mental and social impact on women and their families. The aim of the present study is to explain the experience of women who underwent pregnancy termination due to fetal anomalies and to develop and assess the psychometric properties of a specific tool to assess the needs of these women.
Materials and Methods: This protocol study has a sequential exploratory mixed methods design. The first phase is a qualitative study based on purposeful sampling among women with the experience of pregnancy termination due to fetal anomalies and their spouses, midwives, gynecologists and forensic medicine specialists in Rasht, Iran. Data collection will be performed based on semi-structured interviews and record field notes. Data will be analyzed simultaneously using qualitative content analysis method. The draft of the need assessment of women with the experience of pregnancy termination due to fetal anomalies questionnaire will be prepared based on the findings of the first phase as well as literature review. The questionnaire will then be finalized based on evaluations in an expert panel. The face and content validity as well as reliability of the questionnaire will be performed after generating questionnaire items. Construct validity will be assessed using the exploratory factor analysis through a descriptive cross-sectional study on women with the experience of pregnancy termination due to fetal anomalies. Sample size will be calculated based on the required sample size for factor analysis for identifying the factors of the questionnaire. Therefore data will be collected from health and treatment centers based on convenience sampling. Data will be analyzed using descriptive and inferential statistics.
Conclusion: The developed questionnaire in this mixed methods study can be used in the interventions, supporting and curative programs for women with the experience of pregnancy termination due to fetal anomalies.
Biased recipients encounter biased sources: Effect of ethical (dis‐)agreement between recipient and author on evaluating scientific claims
Authors: Scharrer Lisa , Stadtler Marc , Bromme Rainer 
Published: April 2019

SummaryScientific claims that are connected to ethical concerns are frequently brought forward by communicators who are not ethically neutral. This study investigated how far recipients' evaluation of such claims is guided by vigilance toward a potential ethical source bias rather than their own ethical bias. One hundred ten individuals opposed to capital punishment read a topic‐related text by an ethically positioned source. A scientific claim in the text either supported or did not support the recipient's ethical stance; in addition, the source either shared or opposed their stance. Results showed that recipients are guided to some extent by their own ethically motivated reasoning: They agree more consistently with sources sharing their ethical stance and consider these sources to be more credible. Recipients appear to be principally aware that a source's ethical stance may bias its scientific message, but this vigilance seems to depend on their own ethical disagreement with the source.
Persistent Regulation of Tumor Microenvironment via Circulating Catalysis of MnFe2O4@Metal–Organic Frameworks for Enhanced Photodynamic Therapy
Authors: Yin Sheng‐Yan , Song Guosheng , Yang Yue , Zhao Yan , Wang Peng , Zhu Long‐Min , Yin Xia , Zhang Xiao‐Bing 
Published: April 2019

AbstractReactive oxygen species (ROS)‐based cancer therapy, such as photodynamic therapy (PDT), is subject to the hypoxia and overexpressed glutathione (GSH) found in the tumor microenvironment (TME). Herein, a novel strategy is reported to continuously and simultaneously regulate tumor hypoxia and reducibility in order to achieve the desired therapeutic effect. To accomplish this, a biocompatible nanoplatform (MnFe2O4@metal–organic framework (MOF)) is developed by integrating a coating of porphyrin‐based MOF as the photosensitizer and manganese ferrite nanoparticle (MnFe2O4) as the nanoenzyme. The synthetic MnFe2O4@MOF nanoplatform exhibits both catalase‐like and glutathione peroxidase‐like activities. Once internalized in the tumor, the nanoplatform can continuously catalyze H2O2 to produce O2 to overcome the tumor hypoxia by cyclic Fenton reaction. Meanwhile, combined with the Fenton reaction, MnFe2O4@MOF is able to persistently consume GSH in the presence of H2O2, which decreases the depletion of ROS upon laser irradiation during PDT and achieves better therapeutic efficacy in vitro and in vivo. Moreover, the nanoplatform integrates a treatment modality with magnetic resonance imaging, along with persistent regulation of TME, to promote more precise and effective treatment for future clinical application.
A General Layer‐by‐Layer Printing Method for Scalable High‐Resolution Full‐Color Flexible Luminescent Patterns
Authors: Zhao Cong , Li Huizeng , Wang Yang , Li Kaixuan , Hou Jue , Ma Ying , Li Mingzhu , Song Yanlin 
Published: April 2019

AbstractHigh‐resolution scalable and colorful flexible luminescent patterns are prepared through an alternate printing method in a layer‐by‐layer (LBL) manner without any patterned substrates or masks. The novel embedding self‐assembly process retains high resolution to the sub‐micrometer level. This method is applied to achieve high‐resolution red, green, and blue (RGB) pixel array patterns, standard white light patterns, and various cross‐typed patterns. The fabricating process is flexible and straightforward, making it useful for diverse applications in patterning nanocomposites for wearable optoelectronic devices.
ZIF‐8 membrane synthesized via covalent‐assisted seeding on polyimide substrate for pervaporation dehydration
Authors: Zhao Xiaoxu , Zhang Hao , Xu Sheng , Wang Yan 
Published: April 2019

AbstractIn this study, a novel covalent‐assisted seeding method is developed to fabricate well‐intergrown ZIF‐8 membrane on polyimide (PI) substrate with imidazole‐2‐carboxaldehyde (ICA) as the covalent agent between ZIF‐8 layer and PI substrate. Compared to ethylenediamine‐crosslinked PI membrane and ZIF‐8/PI membrane synthesized without covalent‐assisted seeding method, ZIF‐8/PI membrane synthesized with ICA covalent‐assisted seeding method shows improved pervaporation performance for isopropanol dehydration. Subsequent surface coating with polydimethylsiloxane or polydopamine is applied to mitigate the grain boundary of ZIF‐8/PI membrane, which results in a further performance enhancement. The morphologies and physicochemical properties of the resultant membranes are characterized by scanning electron microscope, attenuated total reflectance‐Fourier transform infrared, X‐ray diffraction, and water contact angle. The effect of operation temperature on the separation performance is also carried out. This work demonstrates the novel covalent‐assisted seeding method for the preparation of ZIF‐8 membrane with high‐performance, which may hold a great potential for various ZIF membranes separation applications.
Organokatalytische, enantioselektive Dichlorierung unfunktionalisierter Alkene
Authors: Wedek Volker , Van Lommel Ruben , Daniliuc Constantin G. , De Proft Frank , Hennecke Ulrich 
Published: April 2019

AbstractDer Einsatz einer neuen Klasse unsymmetrischer Chinaalkaloid‐basierter, Phthalazin‐verbrückter Organokatalysatoren ermöglichte die hoch enantioselektive Dichlorierung von unfunktionalisierten Alkenen. In Kombination mit dem elektrophilen Chlorierungsmittel 1,3‐Dichlor‐5,5‐dimethylhydantoin (DCDMH) und Triethylsilylchlorid (TES‐Cl) als nukleophiler Chloridquelle wurden 1‐Aryl‐2‐alkylalkene mit Enantioselektivitäten von bis zu 94:6 er dichloriert. Erste mechanistische Untersuchungen deuten darauf hin, dass kein freies Chlor gebildet wird. Das Ersetzen von Chlorid durch Fluorid ermöglichte die enantioselektive Chlorfluorierung von Alkenen.
Environmental and techno‐economic evaluation of β‐carotene production from Dunaliella salina. A biorefinery approach
Authors: Espada Juan J. , Pérez‐Antolín Daniel , Vicente Gemma , Bautista Luis F. , Morales Victoria , Rodríguez Rosalía 
Published: April 2019

AbstractIn this work, a solvent‐based extraction procedure and a procedure using supercritical CO2 to obtain β‐carotene from Dunaliella salina were compared from environmental and economic perspectives. Both processes were simulated using a biorefinery scheme in which β‐carotene was obtained and the waste biomass was used to produce energy. The results were used to carry out a life‐cycle assessment (LCA). The LCA results showed that a supercritical process was better in terms of energy consumption and greenhouse gas emissions. However, the low extraction yield of this technology makes it necessary to use large amounts of nutrients, whose production increases toxicity‐related impacts related to organic solvent extraction. This also affects the β‐carotene price, which is twofold higher in the case of a supercritical extraction process‐based biorefinery. The results therefore indicate that the potential benefits of the supercritical process in terms of environmental issues do not balance the drawbacks related to its low extraction yield. © 2019 Society of Chemical Industry and John Wiley & Sons, Ltd
Production of 2,5‐furandicarboxylic acid (FDCA) from starch, glucose, or high‐fructose corn syrup: techno‐economic analysis
Authors: Dessbesell Luana , Souzanchi Sadra , Venkateswara Rao Kasanneni Tirumala , Carrillo Alejandro Alarcon , Bekker Devon , Hall Kristen Amanda , Lawrence Katherine Mary , Tait Carolyn Lindsay Judge , Xu Chunbao (Charles) 
Published: April 2019

AbstractThis paper presents a techno‐economic analysis of a low‐cost and high‐efficiency technology for the production of 2,5‐furandicarboxylic acid (FDCA) from starch, glucose, or high‐fructose corn syrup (HFCS). With the design presented here, it is viable to convert starch to glucose through enzymatic hydrolysis followed by catalytic dehydration of glucose with niobium phosphate, an innovative low‐cost catalyst, to produce 5‐hydroxymethyl furfural (HMF). The HMF produced is then converted into FDCA via air oxidation over a cobalt‐manganese mixed oxide catalyst. Three variations of this design are assessed: Scenario 1 starts with starch, and Scenarios 2 and 3 start directly with glucose or HFCS, without the initial starch hydrolysis step. The minimum selling price (MSP) and discounted payback period (PBP) were calculated to investigate the feasibility of the scenarios. A sensitivity analysis was also performed for the key cost drivers, selling price of FDCA, and spent catalysts. All scenarios were feasible; however, the HFCS to FDCA process was the most profitable (MSP 1802 US$/t and a PBP below 5 years). Above all, the feasibility of this technology is mostly affected by variations in recovered catalysts and FDCA selling prices. © 2019 Society of Chemical Industry and John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Predicting recurrence of papillary thyroid cancer using the eighth edition of the AJCC/UICC staging system
Authors: Chereau N , Oyekunle T O , Zambeli-Ljepović A , Kazaure H S , Roman S A , Menegaux F , Sosa J A 
Published: April 2019

Abstract

Background
The AJCC/UICC classification is widely used for predicting survival in papillary thyroid cancer (PTC), but has not been evaluated as a predictor of recurrence. The hypothesis of this study was that the eighth edition of the AJCC system can be used in this novel way.

Methods
All patients in the study underwent surgery for PTC at a high-volume endocrine surgery centre in France between 1985 and 2015. The seventh and eighth editions of the AJCC/UICC staging system for PTC were employed to predict recurrence and disease-specific survival using the Kaplan–Meier and log rank tests.

Results
Among 4124 patients (79·7 per cent female), median age was 50 (i.q.r. 38–60) years; 3906 patients (94·7 per cent) underwent total thyroidectomy, with lymph node dissection in 2495 (60·5 per cent). The eighth edition of the AJCC/UICC staging system placed 91·8, 7·1, 0·4 and 0·7 per cent of patients in stages I–IV respectively. After reclassifying patients from the seventh to the eighth AJCC/UICC edition, the disease was downstaged in 23·8 per cent. Over a median follow-up of 7 years, 260 patients (6·4 per cent) developed recurrent disease, including 5·2 per cent of patients with stage I, 19·6 per cent with stage II, 59 per cent with stage III and 50 per cent with stage IV disease, according to the eighth edition. The eighth edition was a better predictor of recurrence than the seventh edition.

Conclusion
The eighth edition of the AJCC/UICC staging system appears to be a novel tool for predicting PTC recurrence, which is a meaningful outcome for this indolent disease. The eighth edition can be used to risk-stratify patients, keeping in mind that other molecular and pathological predictive factors must be integrated into the assessment of recurrence risk.