bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Multiscale NMR investigations of two anatomically contrasted genotypes of sorghum under watered conditions and during drought stress
Authors: Sidi‐Boulenouar Rahima , Cardoso Maïda , Coillot Christophe , Rousset Sébastien , Nativel Eric , Charbit Alain , Baptiste Christelle , Alibert Eric , Gatineau Frédéric , Verdeil Jean‐Luc , Goze‐Bac Christophe 
Published: June 2019

AbstractToday, in the presence of global warming, understanding how plants respond to drought stress is essential to meet the challenge of developing new cultivars and new irrigation strategies, consistent with the maintenance of crop productivity. In this context, the study of the relation between plants and water is of central interest for modeling their responses to biotic and abiotic constraints. Paradoxically, there are very few direct and noninvasive methods to quantify and measure the level and the flow of water in plants. The present work aims to develop a noninvasive methodology for living plant based on nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) at low magnetic field and imaging (MRI) to tackle the issue of water quantity in plants. For this purpose, a portable NMR device measuring the signal level at 8 mT was built. This instrument addresses specific challenges such as miniaturization, accessibility, and overheating in order to maintain the plant intact of time over long period. Time dependence of the water content in sorghum plants is reported under abiotic stress as well as the fraction of transpirable soil water and the photosynthesis activity through the leaves. At high magnetic field (9.4 T), T2 maps were acquired on the same sorghum plants at two time points. The combination of these approaches allows us to identify ecophysiological biomarkers of drought stress. One particular interesting result concerns the spatial distribution of water in two anatomically contrasted sorghum genotypes.
Electrospun Carbon/CuxO Nanocomposite material as Sustainable and High Performance Anode for Lithium‐Ion Batteries
Authors: Maroni Fabio , Bruni Pantaleone , Giuli Gabriele , Brutti S. , Croce Fausto 
Published: June 2019

AbstractThe increase in energy density of the next generation of battery materials to meet the new challenges of the electrical vehicles era calls for innovative and easily scalable materials with sustainable processes. An innovative CuxO/C nanocomposite material, characterized by a highly conductive 3D‐framework, with CuxO/Cu‐metal contiguous nanodomains is prepared by electrospinning. The electrode processing is made using a polyacrylic acid binder. The nanocomposite has been fully characterized and the electrochemical performance shows high specific capacity values over 450 galvanostatic cycles at 500 mAg−1 specific current with capacity retention values over 80 %. In addition, the composite shows remarkable high rate performance and highly stable interface, which has been studied by impedance spectroscopy.
COP1 regulates the stability of CAM7 to promote photomorphogenic growth
Authors: Senapati Dhirodatta , Kushwaha Ritu , Dutta Siddhartha , Maurya Jay Prakash , Biswas Srabasthi , Gangappa Sreeramaiah N. , Chattopadhyay Sudip 
Published: June 2019

AbstractThe unique member of the calmodulin gene family, Calmodulin7 (CAM7), plays a crucial role as transcriptional regulator to promote Arabidopsis seedling development. CAM7 regulates the expression of HY5, which is intimately involved in the promotion of photomorphogenic growth and light‐regulated gene expression. COP1 ubiquitin ligase suppresses photomorphogenesis by degrading multiple photomorphogenesis promoting factors including HY5 in darkness. Genetic interaction studies, in this report, reveal that CAM7 and COP1 co‐ordinately work to promote photomorphogenic growth and light‐regulated gene expression at lower intensity of light. CAM7 physically interacts with COP1 in the nucleus. Further, in vivo study suggests that CAM7 and COP1 interaction is light intensity dependent. We have also shown that functional COP1 is required for optimum accumulation of CAM7 at lower fluences of light. Taken together, this study demonstrates the coordinated function of CAM7 and COP1 in Arabidopsis seedling development.
Targeted Proteomics for Studying Pathogenic Bacteria
Authors: Saleh Sara , Staes An , Deborggraeve Stijn , Gevaert Kris 
Published: June 2019

AbstractMass spectrometry‐based proteomics has been extensively used to map bacterial proteomes, which has led to a better understanding of the molecular mechanisms underlying bacterial infection and bacteria–host interactions. Quantitative proteomics using selected or parallel reaction monitoring is considered one of the most sensitive and specific quantitative MS‐based approaches and has significantly advanced proteome studies of pathogenic bacteria. Here, recent applications of targeted proteomics for bacteria identification, biomarker discovery, and the characterization of bacterial virulence and antimicrobial resistance are reviewed among others. Results of such studies are expected to further contribute to improve the fight against the most common human pathogenic bacteria.
Long‐term field insecticide susceptibility data and laboratory experiments reveal evidence for cross resistance to other neonicotinoids in the imidacloprid‐resistant brown planthopper Nilaparvata lugens
Authors: Fujii Tomohisa , Sanada‐Morimura Sachiyo , Oe Takaho , Ide Manami , Van Thanh Dinh , Van Chien Ho , Van Tuong Phan , Loc Phung Minh , Cuong Le Quoc , Liu Ze‐Wen , Zhu Zeng‐Rong , Li Jian‐Hong , Wu Gang , Huang Shou‐Horng , Estoy Gerardo F , Sonoda Shoji , Matsumura Masaya 
Published: June 2019

AbstractBACKGROUNDLong‐term monitoring data is helpful to understand the fluctuation of susceptibility and pattern of cross resistance in insecticide resistance management. After the occurrence of imidacloprid resistance, the brown planthopper (BPH) has gradually developed resistance to thiamethoxam and clothianidin since 2010, but not to dinotefuran and nitenpyram. Here, we analyzed susceptibilities data of five neonicotinoids during 2005–2017 in East Asia and Vietnam to conduct cross‐resistance patterns among neonicotinoids. To determine the factors of development of cross resistance in laboratory bioassays, we used the imidacloprid resistant and control strains that were selected from filed populations in the Philippines and Vietnam.RESULTSThe Linear Mixed Models (LMM) analyses of insecticide susceptibility data showed that the slope values of imidacloprid resistance effects were 0.68 and 1.09 for resistance to thiamethoxam and clothianidin, respectively. Laboratory bioassay results showed that the LD50 values for thiamethoxam and clothianidin in resistant strains (1.4–5.5 μg g−1) were 3.2–16.4 times higher than those in the control strains (0.28–1.5 μg g−1). However, the increase in the LD50 values for imidacloprid was not related to that for dinotefuran and nitenpyram based on the results of the LMM analysis and laboratory bioassay.CONCLUSIONOur results demonstrate that the development of imidacloprid resistance result in strong‐cross resistance to some neonicotinoids, thiamethoxam and clothianidin, but not to others, dinotefuran and nitenpyram. We anticipate that our findings will be a starting point for understanding mechanism of the different trend of cross resistance by analyzing long‐term susceptibility data and laboratory bioassays in insect pests. © 2019 Society of Chemical Industry
A Novel Laser‐Stimulated Technique for Direct Formation of Few‐Layer Phosphorene on Silicon Substrates
Authors: Rajabali Mona , Mohajerzadeh Shams 
Published: June 2019

Direct formation of few‐layered phosphorene flakes through a laser stimulated crystallization on silicon substrates is reported. The formation of such layers is initiated by depositing red phosphorus (RP) on silicon followed by laser‐induced crystallization. After deposition, a glass plate is used to encapsulate the amorphous layer on the substrate. Being capable of a programmable scanning, a 1064‐nm laser is used as the source to impart energy onto the RP layer and to achieve the desired allotrope transformation. Exposure to laser beam at the presence of temperature and local pressure exerted by argon ambient leads to the conversion of amorphous material into crystalline flakes. Furthermore, interesting core‐shell, flower‐like and vertical structures are achieved. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), atomic force microscopy (AFM), Raman spectroscopy and energy dispersive X‐ray spectroscopy (EDS) are used to examine the conversion of red phosphorus into few‐layer phosphorene flakes. These flakes are used to fabricate a photodetector with a reasonable response to green laser and a field‐effect transistor with a mobility of 12 cm2 V−1 s−1, further indicating the evolution of well‐crystalline layers. The fabricated transistors demonstrate triode and saturation regimes in their electrical response, evidencing their high quality.
Synthesis of Gold Nanoparticles by Extracellular Components of Lactobacillus casei
Authors: Kato Yugo , Yoshimura Etsuro , Suzuki Michio 
Published: June 2019

AbstractGold nanoparticles (AuNPs) are useful materials because of unique properties. Many previous papers reported that microorganisms induced the synthesis of AuNPs under the room temperature and pressure. However, the molecular mechanism of AuNPs synthesis has not been clarified yet. In our previous study, we revealed that diglycosyl diacyl glycerol (DGDG) in the cell membrane of Lactobacillus casei was contribute to synthesize AuNPs. However, the average size of AuNPs produced by DGDG in vitro was much larger than that of AuNPs produced by the cell of L. casei. This result implied that L. casei contains unknown compounds decreasing the size of AuNPs as dispersants.
Self‐Assembly Assisted Fabrication of Nanoporous Nickel (II) Phosphate Octahydrate Microspheres Catalyst with Orange Peel Surface toward Urea Oxidation
Authors: Imani Amin , Oveisi Hamid 
Published: June 2019

AbstractHerein, we report an easy one‐step approach for the synthesis of nickel (II) phosphate octahydrate nanoporous microspheres catalyst (NiP) with orange peel surface under one‐pot hydrothermal single‐source precursor. The morphology and the particle size of the NiP materials were switched by tuning the parameters of the hydrothermal procedure. The materials were formed in a single phase of Ni3(PO4)2⋅8H2O with a monoclinic crystal lattice. The resulting self‐supported NiP/GC (glassy carbon) electrode exhibited superior activity, remarkable stability, and high electrochemical performance (680 mA.cm−2.mg−1 & 0.33 V oxidation potential) towards urea oxidation reaction in aqueous alkaline medium.
Pd@magnetic Carbon Dot Immobilized on the Cyclodextrin Nanosponges ‐ Biochar Hybrid as an Efficient Hydrogenation Catalyst
Authors: Sadjadi Samahe , Heravi Majid M. , Mohammadi Leila , Malmir Masoumeh 
Published: June 2019

AbstractWith the aim of benefiting from the advantage of magnetic catalysts, chemistry of cyclodextrin, i. e. the capability of formation of inclusion complex and acting as phase transferring agent, as well as biochars as biocompatible, cost‐effective and efficient catalyst support, for the first time a ternary hybrid system composed of cyclodextrin nanosponges (CDNS), palladated magnetic carbon quantum dot (Pd@CQDs@Fe) and Bell‐pepper‐derived biochar (Biochar) was designed and prepared through functionalization of CDNS and Biochar and their covalent conjugation followed by immobilization of Pd@CQDs@Fe. The hybrid system was characterized and then applied as a magnetic heterogeneous catalyst for promoting hydrogenation of nitroarenes. The results confirmed high catalytic activity, selectivity and recyclability of the catalyst (up to ten reaction runs) as well as low Pd leaching. Comparing the catalytic activity of the catalyst with some control samples, the contribution of CDNS, Biochar and CQDs@Fe to the catalysis was confirmed.
Plasmon‐Driven Rapid In Situ Formation of Luminescence Single Crystal Nanoparticle
Authors: Zhang Chengyun , Lu Jiangbo , Jin Nana , Dong Liang , Fu Zhengkun , Zhang Zhenglong , Zheng Hairong 
Published: June 2019

AbstractSingle crystal nanomaterials are very important for the fundamental investigation and application of luminescence. However, a very critical growth condition or high temperature treatment is always required for their preparation. Here, an easy and rapid in situ achievement of a single crystal luminescent material is realized by taking advantage of plasmon‐induced thermal and catalysis effects. With the assistance of localized surface plasmon resonance of Au nanoparticles, polycrystalline NaYF4 transforms to single crystal Y2O3 in tens of milliseconds, resulting in remarkable improvement of luminescence emission. It is important to point out that the single crystal transformation is also achieved even at a very low temperature, which is impossible with conventional approaches. Such a convenient and efficient plasmon assisted scheme provides a new technology for the rapid achievement of single crystal materials and extends the application of surface plasmon to a much broader field.
Theoretical Screening of Single Transition Metal Atoms Embedded in MXene Defects as Superior Electrocatalyst of Nitrogen Reduction Reaction
Authors: Li Lei , Wang Xingyong , Guo Haoran , Yao Ge , Yu Haibo , Tian Ziqi , Li Baihai , Chen Liang 
Published: June 2019

AbstractThe MXene‐supported single transition metal systems have been reported as promising electrocatalysts for hydrogen evolution reaction (HER) and carbon dioxide reduction reaction. Herein, the potential performance of MXene‐based catalysts was explored on nitrogen reduction reaction (NRR). Density functional theory computations are carried out to screen a series of transition metal atoms confined in a vacancy of MXene nanosheet (Mo2TiC2O2). The results reveal that the Zr, Mo, Hf, Ta, W, Re, and Os supported on defective Mo2TiC2O2 layer can significantly promote the NRR process. Among them, Zr‐doped single atom catalyst (Mo2TiC2O2‐ZrSA) possesses the lowest barrier (0.15 eV) of the potential‐determining step, as well as high selectivity over HER competition. To the best of knowledge, 0.15 eV is the lowest barrier of potential‐determining step that has been reported for NRR so far. Besides, the formation energy of Mo2TiC2O2‐ZrSA is much more negative than that of the synthesized Mo2TiC2O2‐PtSA catalyst, suggesting that the experimental preparation of Mo2TiC2O2‐ZrSA is feasible. This work thus predicts an efficient electrocatalyst for the reduction of N2 to NH3 at ambient conditions.
Type IIA flux vacua and α′-corrections
Authors: Escobar Dagoberto , Marchesano Fernando , Staessens Wieland 
Published: June 2019

AbstractWe analyse type IIA Calabi-Yau orientifolds with background fluxes, taking into account the effect of perturbativeα′-corrections. In particular, we consider theα′corrections that modify the metrics in the Kähler sector of the compactification. As it has been argued in the literature, including suchα′-corrections allows to construct the mirror duals of type IIB Calabi-Yau flux compactifications, in which the effect of flux backreaction is under control. We compute theα′-corrected scalar potential generated by the presence of RR and NS fluxes, and reformulate it as a bilinear of the flux-axion polynomials invariant under the discrete shift symmetries of the compactification. The use of such invariants allows to express in a compact and simple manner the conditions for Minkowski and AdS flux vacua, and to extract the effect ofα′-corrections on them.
Predicting mood outcome following traumatic brain injury (TBI): PTA & demographic variables
Authors: Skilbeck Clive , Thomas Matt , Holm Kieran 
Published: June 2019

AbstractBackground and aims:Mood disturbance is frequent after traumatic brain injury (TBI), often assessed using the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS). Research supports a three-factor HADS structure (anxiety, depression, and psychomotor), although this has not been used to investigate demographic variables and mood outcome post-TBI. This study examined severity of TBI, demographic variables [age, gender, estimated premorbid IQ (EIQ), relationship status, employment status, socio-economic status (SES)], and mood outcome, using HADS factor scores from a large adult population sample in Tasmania.Method:HADS factor scores were calculated for an initial sample of 596 adults. The sample sizes varied according to those attending at 1, 6, 12 and 24 months post-TBI and the available data for each dependent variable.Results:Significantly higher anxiety, depression, and psychomotor scores were reported at most follow-ups by females, the middle-aged, and those with lower IQs. Longer post-traumatic amnesia (PTA) was associated with significantly greater mood problems. Occasional significant findings at earlier follow-ups for the factors were noted for those unemployed. Other variables were rarely significant. PTA, premorbid IQ, and Age were included in most Multiple Regression equations predicting outcome for the factors, with Gender included for Anxiety and depression at 6 months after injury.Conclusions:Key demographic variables and PTA severity relate to mood post-TBI, and contribute to predicting mood outcome. Differences in findings for the three factors support their use in clinical practice.
Border policies and migrant deaths at the Turkish-Greek border
Authors: Ulusoy Orçun , Baldwin-Edwards Martin , Last Tamara 
Published: June 2019

AbstractThis paper investigates the impact of developments in Turkish migration management policy and changes in management of the Greek-Turkish border on border deaths prior to the 2015 mass inflow of refugees. As the locus of multiple and sustained Frontex operations, as well as several autonomous major changes in relevant policies and practices over the 2000–2014 period, the Greek-Turkish border can serve as a post hoc laboratory for analyzing the implications of EU-influenced migration and border management for deaths on the border. We conclude that a chaotic mix of national politics, policy development and law enforcement practices, flexible smuggling networks, and Frontex operations contributed to the mass inflows of 2015–2016 and ensured mass casualties.
Paediatric Bonebridge: bilateral simultaneous asymmetrical implantation
Authors: Dusu K , Walsh M , Eze N 
Published: June 2019

AbstractBackgroundThe Bonebridge is an active transcutaneous bone conduction implant recommended as a surgical option for adults and children (aged 5–18 years). Successful implantation of the Bonebridge is often restricted by an insufficient amount of temporal bone to house the transducer in the paediatric patient.Method and resultsIn this unique paediatric case, bilateral Bonebridge devices were implanted simultaneously in the right sinodural angle and the left middle cranial fossa.ConclusionThe simultaneous implantation of bilateral Bonebridge devices was well tolerated in this paediatric patient, with significant improvement in her hearing. The middle cranial fossa is a viable option for housing the transducer.
Individual risk and familial liability for suicide attempt and suicide in autism: a population-based study
Authors: Hirvikoski T. , Boman M. , Chen Q. , D'Onofrio B. M. , Mittendorfer-Rutz E. , Lichtenstein P. , Bölte S. , Larsson H. 
Published: June 2019

AbstractBackgroundStudies on the individual gender-specific risk and familial co-aggregation of suicidal behaviour in autism spectrum disorder (ASD) are lacking.MethodsWe conducted a matched case-cohort study applying conditional logistic regression models on 54 168 individuals recorded in 1987–2013 with ASD in Swedish national registers: ASD without ID n = 43 570 (out of which n = 19035, 43.69% with ADHD); ASD + ID n = 10 598 (out of which n = 2894 individuals, 27.31% with ADHD), and 270 840 controls, as well as 347 155 relatives of individuals with ASD and 1 735 775 control relatives.ResultsThe risk for suicidal behaviours [reported as odds ratio OR (95% confidence interval CI)] was most increased in the ASD without ID group with comorbid ADHD [suicide attempt 7.25 (6.79–7.73); most severe attempts i.e. requiring inpatient stay 12.37 (11.33–13.52); suicide 13.09 (8.54–20.08)]. The risk was also increased in ASD + ID group [all suicide attempts 2.60 (2.31–2.92); inpatient only 3.45 (2.96–4.02); suicide 2.31 (1.16–4.57)]. Females with ASD without ID had generally higher risk for suicidal behaviours than males, while both genders had highest risk in the case of comorbid ADHD [females, suicide attempts 10.27 (9.27–11.37); inpatient only 13.42 (11.87–15.18); suicide 14.26 (6.03–33.72); males, suicide attempts 5.55 (5.10–6.05); inpatient only 11.33 (9.98–12.86); suicide 12.72 (7.77–20.82)]. Adjustment for psychiatric comorbidity attenuated the risk estimates. In comparison to controls, relatives of individuals with ASD also had an increased risk of suicidal behaviour.ConclusionsClinicians treating patients with ASD should be vigilant for suicidal behaviour and consider treatment of psychiatric comorbidity.
A foodborne norovirus outbreak in a nursing home and spread to staff and their household contacts
Authors: Parrón I. , Álvarez J. , Jané M. , Cornejo Sánchez T. , Razquin E. , Guix S. , Camps G. , Pérez C. , Domínguez À. ,   the Working Group for the Study of Outbreaks of Acute Gastroenteritis in Catalonia
Published: June 2019

AbstractOn 16 March 2018, a nursing home notified a possible acute gastroenteritis outbreak that affected 11 people. Descriptive and case–control studies and analysis of clinical and environmental samples were carried out to determine the characteristics of the outbreak, its aetiology, the transmission mechanism and the causal food. The extent of the outbreak in and outside the nursing home was determined and the staff factors influencing propagation were studied by multivariate analysis. A turkey dinner on March 14 was associated with the outbreak (OR 4.22, 95% CI 1.11–16.01). Norovirus genogroups I and II were identified in stool samples. The attack rates in residents, staff and household contacts of staff were 23.49%, 46.22% and 22.87%, respectively. Care assistants and cleaning staff were the staff most frequently affected. Cohabitation with an affected care assistant was the most important factor in the occurrence of cases in the home (adjusted OR 6.37, 95% CI 1.13–36.02). Our results show that staff in close contact with residents and their household contacts had a higher risk of infection during the norovirus outbreak.