bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
LHC-like proteins involved in stress responses and biogenesis/repair of the photosynthetic apparatus
Authors: Rochaix Jean-David , Bassi Roberto 
Published: February 2019

Abstract
LHC (light-harvesting complex) proteins of plants and algae are known to be involved both in collecting light energy for driving the primary photochemical reactions of photosynthesis and in photoprotection when the absorbed light energy exceeds the capacity of the photosynthetic apparatus. These proteins usually contain three transmembrane (TM) helices which span the thylakoid membranes and bind several chlorophyll, carotenoid and lipid molecules. In addition, the LHC protein family includes LHC-like proteins containing one, two, three or even four TM domains. One-helix proteins are not only present in eukaryotic photosynthetic organisms but also in cyanobacteria where they have been named high light-inducible proteins. These small proteins are probably the ancestors of the members of the extant LHC protein family which arouse through gene duplications, deletions and fusions. During evolution, some of these proteins have diverged and acquired novel functions. In most cases, LHC-like proteins are induced in response to various stress conditions including high light, high salinity, elevated temperature and nutrient limitation. Many of these proteins play key roles in photoprotection, notably in non-photochemical quenching of absorbed light energy. Moreover, some of these proteins appear to be involved in the regulation of chlorophyll synthesis and in the assembly and repair of Photosystem II and also of Photosystem I possibly by mediating the insertion of newly synthesized pigments into the photosynthetic reaction centers.
The value of Cone-Beam CT-guided radiofrequency ablation in the treatment of pulmonary malignancies (≤3 cm)
Authors: Xiang Zi-jun , Wang Yi , Du En-fu , Xu Lin , Jiang Bin , Li Huili , Wang Yun , Cui Ning 
Published: February 2019

Abstract
The aim of this study is to explore the safety and efficacy of Cone-Beam computed tomography (CBCT) guided radiofrequency ablation (RFA) in the treatment of pulmonary malignancies. Thirty-one patients with pulmonary malignant tumors (≤3 cm in diameter) were enrolled to this study. Total 43 CBCT guided RFA treatments were performed, including 7 patients undergoing multiple treatments. The target tumor puncture success rate, tumor remission rate, postoperative cumulative survival rate, tumor-free survival rate and complication rate were analyzed. All 43 CBCT guided RFA procedures successfully punctured the target tumors. Complications included five cases of pneumothorax and three cases of hemoptysis. For the 31 patients who underwent CBCT guided RFA, the 1- and 2-year cumulative survival rates were 80.6 and 54.8%, respectively. The 1- and 2-year disease-free survival rates were 54.8 and 32.3%, respectively. The 1-, 3- and 6-month remission rates were 78.4, 68.7 and 63.3%, respectively. The average cumulative radiation dose and average effective radiation dose were 194.62 ± 105.51 mGy and 5.41 ± 3.45 mSv, respectively. CBCT help to shorten the operation time, reduce the unnecessary interventions and also reduce the incidence of complications. CBCT guided RFA is one safe and efficacious treatment for pulmonary malignancies.
Association between ACE gene I/D polymorphism and knee osteoarthritis in a Chinese population
Authors: Chen Genjun , Hu Shengping , Lai Zhen , Qiu Binsong 
Published: February 2019

Abstract
Osteoarthritis (OA) is a degenerative joint disease characterized by joint destruction with cartilage loss and occasional gross derangement of joint integrity. In recent years, several studies have reported the association between angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) gene insertion/deletion (I/D) polymorphism and knee OA. However, the results were conflicting. To determine the association between ACE gene I/D polymorphism and knee OA, we conducted a hospital-based case–control study with 282 knee OA cases and 316 controls to investigate the association between ACE gene I/D polymorphism and knee OA susceptibility in a Chinese Han population. The present study found that DD genotype or D allele carriers of ACE gene I/D polymorphism increased the risk of knee OA. Stratification analyses of sex, age, and body mass index (BMI) showed significant associations amongst the groups of females, ≥55 years, and abnormal BMI. In addition, the present study made analysis between ACE I/D polymorphism and some clinical features of OA, and found DD genotype of I/D polymorphism was associated with arthralgia. Furthermore, we undertook a meta-analysis together with the present study between this single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) and knee OA risk. This meta-analysis found that ACE gene I/D polymorphism was associated with increased risk for OA. Stratification analysis of ethnicity in this meta-analysis indicated that I/D polymorphism increased the risk of knee OA amongst the Asians and Caucasians. In conclusion, this case–control study and meta-analysis suggest that ACE gene I/D polymorphism is associated with increased risk for knee OA.
Overexpression of BUB1B, CCNA2, CDC20, and CDK1 in tumor tissues predicts poor survival in pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma
Authors: Dong Shu , Huang Fei , Zhang Hao , Chen Qiwen 
Published: February 2019

Abstract
Overexpressed genes in tumors usually contributed to aggressiveness in pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC). Using Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) profiles including GSE46234, GSE71989, and GSE107610, we detected overexpressed genes in tumors with R program, which were enriched by Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG), Gene ontology (GO), and Reactome pathway databases. Then, we performed a survival analysis of enriched genes based on TCGA profile. Our results revealed that high BUB1B, CCNA2, CDC20, and CDK1 expression in tumors was significantly associated with worse overall survival (OS) (Log rank P=0.00338, P=0.0447, P=0.00965, and P=0.00479, respectively), which was validated using a Kaplan–Meier plotter with a median cutoff (Log rank P=0.028, P=0.0035, P=0.039, and P=0.0033, respectively). Moreover, overexpression of BUB1B, CCNA2, CDC20, and CDK1 in tumor tissues was significantly associated with disease-free survival (DFS) in PDAC patients (Log rank P=0.00565, P=0.0357, P=0.00104, and P=0.00121, respectively). BUB1B, CCNA2, CDC20, and CDK1 were significantly overexpressed in deceased PDAC patients (all P&lt;0.01) and in patients with recurrence/disease progression (all P&lt;0.05). In addition, PDAC patients with neoplasms of histologic grade G3-4 had significantly higher BUB1B, CCNA2 and CDC20 levels (all P&lt;0.05). In conclusion, the up-regulation of BUB1B, CCNA2, CDC20, CDK1, and WEE1 in tumor tissues are associated with worse OS and DFS in PDAC and is correlated with advanced tumor stage and tumor development.
The associations between Toll-like receptor 4 gene polymorphisms and hepatitis C virus infection: a systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Chaiwiang Narttaya , Poyomtip Teera 
Published: February 2019

Abstract
Background and objective: The hepatitis C virus (HCV) is able to cause a life-threatening disease relating to lethal hepatocellular carcinoma. Previous, Toll-like receptor polymorphisms were proposed as promising biomarker for HCV-related hepatocellular carcinoma and disease progression. This study aimed to summarize the association of TLR4 polymorphisms and HCV infection through meta-analysis.
Methods: We applied a systematic review and meta-analysis performed by using PubMed, EMBASE and Web of Science searches. The Modified Newcastle-Ottawa scale was used for quality assessment. The odd-ratio (OR) and 95% confidence interval (CI) were calculated to assess the association. In silico analysis was applied for proposing the function as microRNA (miRNA) of non-coding polymorphism. Finally, the miRNA target was predicted and annotated to suggest the possible relationship between polymorphism and HCV infection.
Results: Our meta-analysis incorporated seven studies involving rs4986791, rs4986790 and rs2149356. No association exists between rs4986791 and HCV infection. However, the heterozygous model (AG vs GG) of rs4986790 significantly associates with HCV infection (OR = 0.33, 95% CI = 0.21–0.49, P&lt;0.0001). Moreover, the rs2149356 TG genotype also associates with HCV infection in the over-dominant model (TG vs TT+TG: OR = 0.54, 95% CI = 0.40–0.75). In silico analysis of rs2149356G allele showed that this mutation is siRNA, which targets the set of genes, especially in the autophagy pathway.
Conclusion: We demonstrated that rs4986790 and rs2149356 are associated with HCV infection.
Outcomes of use of electromagnetic guidance with responsive insertion technology (RIT) during colonoscopy: a prospective randomized controlled trial
Authors: Peter Shajan , Reddy Nipun , Naseemuddin Mohammed , Zaibaq Jenine , McGwin Gerald , Wilcox C. 
Published: February 2019

Abstract
Background and study aims Colonoscopy can be technically challenging and cause discomfort in patients. The integrated Scope Guide assist is built in to show that with its use outcomes are improved during colonoscopy. We aimed to test the usefulness of the Magnetic Scope Guide Assist (ScopeGuide) with respect to cecal intubation time, and other procedural quality outcomes.
Patients and methods We conducted a prospective study of outpatients undergoing elective colonoscopy at the endoscopic units of the University of Alabama at Birmingham (UAB) from March 2016 to July 2016. Patients were randomly assigned in a 1:1 block design to groups that either had standard colonoscopy or Scope-guided colonoscopy. The primary outcome measure was cecal intubation time (CIT). Secondary outcome measures included use of manual pressure, position changes for cecal intubation and sedation requirements.
Results Three hundred patients were randomized to either group; standard (n = 150) vs. Scope-guided (n = 150). The mean CIT was not statistically different for the standard and the Scope-guided groups (4.6 vs. 4.3 minutes; P = 0.46). There were also no statistical differences in frequency of manual pressure applied (16.7 % for Scope-guided vs. 19.1 % for standard; P = 0.65) or position changes (11.4 % for scope guided vs. 8.8 % standard; P = 0.56). Sedation requirements showed lesser use of midazolam (3.9 mg vs. 4.7 mg, P = 0.003) in the Scope-guide group, while there was no significant difference in use of fentanyl (fentanyl – 62.1 mg vs. 68.9 mg, P = 0.09 similar between groups, for Scope-guided vs. standard groups, respectively). Adverse events were similar in both groups.
Conclusions In patients undergoing routine elective colonoscopy, use of ScopeGuide by experienced colonoscopists did not improve CIT or affect the frequency of ancillary maneuvers. The benefit of this device during training of endoscopists could be considered for further studies.
Die Bedeutung des lymphatischen und des glymphatischen Systems für das Glaukom
Authors: Killer Hanspeter 
Published: February 2019

ZusammenfassungDas Normaldruckglaukom ist eine Variante des Offenwinkelglaukoms, das durch einen normalen Augendruck charakterisiert ist. Obwohl verschiedene pathophysiologische Erklärungen existieren (vaskuläre Dysregulation, Rolle der Lamina cribrosa) kann keine Theorie die Pathophysiologie schlüssig erklären. Der Sehnerv ist ein weißer Hirnfaszikel. Er ist auf seiner ganzen Länge von Liquor cerebrospinalis umspült. Auf der Basis von neuroradiologischen Untersuchungen vermutet man, dass ein Normaldruckglaukom aufgrund eines neurodegenerativen Prozesses entstehen kann. Eine ungenügende Liquordynamik kann dabei eine Rolle spielen, indem toxische Substanzen wie Aβ-Lipoprotein insuffizient aus dem Liquor entfernt werden. Dabei kommt dem lymphatischen und glymphatischen System eine wesentliche Rolle zu.
Prähospitale Anlage von Tourniquets zur Kontrolle massiver Extremitätenblutungen – ein Update
Authors: Lechner Raimund , Kulla Martin , Josse Florent , Hossfeld Björn 
Published: February 2019

Zusammenfassung2016 wurde erstmals eine Handlungsempfehlung der DGAI zur prähospitalen Anwendung von Tourniquets veröffentlicht. Diese wurden 2018 anhand einer systematischen Literaturrecherche reevaluiert und grundsätzlich bestätigt. Die vorliegende Übersicht gibt einen aktuellen Überblick über die Anwendung von Tourniquets zur prähospitalen Blutungskontrolle mit einigen Ergänzungsvorschlägen zur DGAI-Handlungsempfehlung. Zusammenfassend sollte ein Tourniquet immer dann angelegt werden, wenn eine Extremitätenblutung durch Kompression einer Wunde nicht kontrolliert werden kann oder die Kompression situationsbedingt nicht durchführbar ist.
Grundlegende Basismaßnahmen und -techniken in der Notfallmedizin
Authors: Stuhr Markus 
Published: February 2019

ZusammenfassungIn Zeiten der zunehmenden Technologisierung der gesamten Medizin steigt auch der Anteil entsprechender Möglichkeiten in der präklinischen Notfallmedizin. Die essenziellen patientennahen Basismaßnahmen dürfen dabei aber nicht vernachlässigt werden. Dieser Beitrag soll einige Basismaßnahmen in Erinnerung bringen und deren Durchführung erläutern. Im Fokus stehen dabei Maßnahmen, die keine oder nur wenige, technisch einfache Hilfsmittel erfordern.
The patterns of phalangeal fractures in children and
adolescents: a review of 512 cases
Authors: Kralj Rok , Barcot Zoran , Vlahovic Tomislav , Kurtanjek Mario , Petracic Ivan 
Published: February 2019

Abstract
Introduction Fractures of the phalanges in children can often be
underappreciated by the physician of first contact. Therefore it is necessary to
point out which of these fractures, because of the risk of possible future
complications, need special mention.
Materials and Methods A retrospective review of 512 fractures of the
phalanges in children and adolescents during an one year period. Fractures were
subdivided into the following categories – physeal fractures, intraarticular
(phalangeal neck and condylar) fractures, shaft fractures, tuft fractures,
“mallet finger” fractures, volar plate avulsion injuries and collateral ligament
avulsion injuries. Main outcome measures was the necessity for operation while
the average age at which the injury has occured, the cause of the injury, the
frequency of injury of each finger, the necessity for reduction, and the
duration of splinting were the secondary outcome measures.
Results Collateral ligament avulsion injuries and intraarticular
(phalangeal neck and condylar) fractures were injuries which most often
necessitated operative treatment. Physeal injuries were the most common injuires
with avulsions of the volar plate being the second most common. Accidents during
sport was by far the most common cause of injuires in all categories apart from
tuft injuries.
Conclusion The findings regarding the incidence and the cause of these
injuries in this study support the already published dana in the literature. The
physician of first contact has to be capable to recognise the problematic
fractures – intraarticular (phalangeal neck and condylar), significantly
displaced Salter-Harris type III and IV fractures and collateral ligament
avulsion injuries and Seymour fractures.
Local recurrence of diminutive colorectal polyps after cold forceps polypectomy with jumbo forceps followed by magnified narrow-band imaging: a multicenter prospective study
Authors: Kuwai Toshio , Yamada Takuya , Toyokawa Tatsuya , Iwase Hiroaki , Kudo Tomohiro , Esaka Naoki , Ohta Hajime , Yamashita Haruhiro , Hosoda Yasuo , Watanabe Noriko , Harada Naohiko 
Published: February 2019

Background Cold polypectomy has been increasingly used to remove diminutive colorectal polyps. We evaluated the local recurrence rate of diminutive polyps at the 1-year follow-up after cold forceps polypectomy (CFP).
Methods In a prospective, multicenter, observational cohort study, patients with diminutive colorectal polyps ( ≤ 5 mm) were treated by CFP using jumbo forceps followed by magnified narrow-band imaging (NBI). Patients were assessed for local recurrence at 1-year follow-up. Risk factors associated with local recurrence were analyzed using logistic regression analysis.
Results Overall, 955 lesions were resected in 471 patients who completed the 1-year follow-up. The endoscopic complete resection rate was 99.4 %. Immediate and delayed bleeding occurred in 0.8 % and 0.2 % of cases, respectively, with no perforations observed. Local recurrence occurred in 2.1 % of cases at the 1-year follow-up. Univariable analyses indicated that polyps > 3 mm (P < 0.01) and immediate bleeding (P = 0.04) were significantly associated with local recurrence. A trend was observed for patients ≥ 65 years (P = 0.06) and fractional resection (P = 0.09). Multivariable analyses confirmed that lesions > 3 mm were significantly associated with local recurrence (odds ratio 3.4, P = 0.02).
Conclusions CFP with jumbo forceps followed by NBI-magnified observation had a low local recurrence rate and is an acceptable therapeutic option for diminutive colorectal polyps. Although we recommend limiting the use of CFP with jumbo forceps to polyps ≤ 3 mm in size, future comparative studies are needed to make recommendations on cold polypectomy using either forceps or snares as the preferred approach for diminutive polyp resection.
Crossed Testicular Ectopia-A Rare Anamoly
Authors: Priya Noopur , Luthra Luv , Agrawal Sweta 
Published: February 2019

AbstractCrossed Testicular Ectopia (CTE)/Transverse Testicular Ectopia (TTE) is a rare but well-known congenital anomaly, in which both gonads migrate toward the same hemiscrotum. It is usually associated with other abnormalities such as persistent Mullerian duct syndrome, True Hermaphroditism, Inguinal Hernia, Hypospadias, Pseudohermaphroditism, and scrotal anomalies. We report a case of 6 years old male child with right undescended testis and empty left scrotum. Diagnosis was confirmed preoperatively by ultrasound followed by open inguinal exploration for orchidopexy.
Malignant Gastrointestinal Stromal Tumour with Metastasis
Authors: Lakhar Bhushita , Guru Nilesh 
Published: February 2019

AbstractGastrointestinal stromal tumors (GISTs) are the most usual mesenchymal neoplasms of the gastrointestinal tract. Ever since the classification of GIST as an entity distinct from leiomyoma's, leiomyosarcomas, etc., there has been an increased concern in defining their imaging characteristics. It is estimated that approximately 5000-10,000 people are affected per year by this tumor all over the world. Most GISTs are benign (70-80%). However, these tumors have a spectrum ranging from benign to malignant lesions, depending on its anatomic site, tumor size, and mitotic frequency. We report a case of multiple malignant GIST with metastasis into Liver.
Synthesis, properties and applications of semiconductor nanostructured zinc sulfide
Authors: Sadovnikov Stanislav I. 
Published: February 2019

Experimental results obtained in recent years on the synthesis, structure and properties of nanostructured zinc sulfide are summarized and analyzed. The crystal polymorphs of zinc sulfide and methods for the synthesis of zinc sulfide as quantum dots, nanospheres, doped nanoparticles, thin films and heteronanostructures with different morphology are described. The attention is focused on the emission and semiconductor properties of the title compound. The potential applications of zinc sulfide-based nanostructures are considered.
The bibliography includes 194 references.
Mixotrophy in nanoflagellates across environmental gradients in the ocean
Authors: Edwards Kyle F. 
Published: February 2019

Significance
Many single-celled photosynthesizers can also consume other organisms, a trophic strategy known as mixotrophy. It has become clear that mixotrophs are widespread in the ocean, but we know less about the environmental conditions under which they thrive, and whether their abundance is driven by competition with more specialized autotrophs and heterotrophs. Here it is shown that the major limiting resources for photosynthesis, light and nutrients, likely drive mixotroph success across different ocean environments. This interpretation of the data is supported by a model in which organisms are constrained to allocate their biomass among autotrophic and heterotrophic functions, and the success of trophic strategies is determined by the availability of light, nutrients, and prey.
Multimillijoule coherent terahertz bursts from picosecond laser-irradiated metal foils
Authors: Liao Guoqian , Li Yutong , Liu Hao , Scott Graeme G. , Neely David , Zhang Yihang , Zhu Baojun , Zhang Zhe , Armstrong Chris , Zemaityte Egle , Bradford Philip , Huggard Peter G. , Rusby Dean R. , McKenna Paul , Brenner Ceri M. , Woolsey Nigel C. , Wang Weimin , Sheng Zhengming , Zhang Jie 
Published: February 2019

Significance
Terahertz (THz) radiation, with frequencies spanning from 0.1 to 10 THz, has long been the most underdeveloped frequency band in electromagnetic waves, mainly due to the dearth of available high-power THz sources. Although the last decades have seen a surge of electronic and optical techniques for generating intense THz radiation, all THz sources reported until now have failed to produce above-millijoule (mJ) THz pulses. We present a THz source that enables a THz pulse energy up to tens of mJ, by using an intense laser pulse to irradiate a metal foil.
Functional diversity of motoneurons in the oculomotor system
Authors: G. Hernández Rosendo , Calvo Paula M. , Blumer Roland , de la Cruz Rosa R. , Pastor Angel M. 
Published: February 2019

Significance
Extraocular muscles have multiply innervated muscle fibers (MIFs, slow or nontwitch fibers) in addition to the classic singly innervated muscle fibers (SIF). Based on anatomical studies, it has been suggested that MIF motoneurons would assist in gaze holding and slow eye movements, whereas SIF motoneurons would participate in the whole repertoire of eye movements. We have tested that proposal in alert, behaving cats with electrophysiological identification of MIF and SIF motoneurons. Our results indicate that both motoneuronal types present a tonic–phasic discharge, and fire during all types of eye movements. However, MIF motoneurons show lower thresholds, lower eye-related sensitivities, and a reduced firing level as compared with SIF motoneurons, suggesting a role in the fine alignment of gaze.
Statistical dynamical model to predict extreme events and anomalous features in shallow water waves with abrupt depth change
Authors: Majda Andrew J. , Moore M. N. J. , Qi Di 
Published: February 2019

Significance
Understanding and predicting extreme events and their anomalous statistics in complex nonlinear systems are a grand challenge in applied sciences as well as for engineering design. Recent controlled laboratory experiments in weakly turbulent shallow water with abrupt depth change exhibit a remarkable transition from nearly Gaussian statistics to extreme anomalous statistics with large positive skewness of the surface height. We develop a statistical dynamical model to explain and quantitatively predict the anomalous statistical behavior. Incoming and outgoing waves are modeled by the truncated Korteweg–de Vries equations statistically matched at the depth change. The statistical matching of the known nearly Gaussian incoming Gibbs state completely determines the predicted anomalous outgoing Gibbs state and successfully captures key features of the experiment.