bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Knockdown GREM1 suppresses cell growth, angiogenesis, and epithelial‐mesenchymal transition in colon cancer
Authors: Liu Yan , Li Yongchao , Hou Ruizhe , Shu Zhenbo 
Published: November 2018

AbstractGremlin 1 (GREM1), as a bone morphogenetic protein (BMP) antagonist and vascular endothelial growth factor receptor‐2 (VEGFR2) novel agonist, has been confirmed as overexpressed in colorectal cancer (CRC) tissues but its role in carcinogenesis remains unclear. Here we reported that the GREM1 expression in mesenchymal‐like colon cancer cells (SW620 and SW480) was significantly higher than that of epithelial‐like colon cancer cells (Caco‐2, HTC116, and HT29) and normal colon cell. Simultaneously, we analyzed two series of CRC transcriptomes from Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) databases and found the great majority of primary CRC tissues expressed high level of GREM1 messenger RNA (mRNA) compared with adjacent normal tissues, and that the GREM1 mRNA expression is correlated with low histological grade development and stage 2 to 3 metastatic recurrence in CRC based on a data analysis of 104 different stage CRC tissue from the GEO databases. Functional studies showed that GREM1 silencing by short hairpin RNA (shRNA) significantly inhibited CRC cells proliferation, migration, the formation of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF)‐induced capillary structure of human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs), and epithelial‐mesenchymal transition in colon cancer cells by repressing phosphorylation levels of BMP downstream signal Smad1, vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) downstream signal matrix metallopeptidase 2 (MMP2), and metastasis‐related factor C‐X‐C motif chemokine ligand 12 (CXCL12) expression. In addition, shGREM1 combined with VEGF inhibitor BAW2881 displayed more effective antiangiogenesis to inhibit the tube formation of HUVEC. Hence, these experiments demonstrated that GREM1 is involved in CRC development and procession and provide a new idea for CRC diagnosis, resistance therapy, and prognosis.
Oxidative stress in cervical cancer pathogenesis and resistance to therapy
Authors: Ebrahimi Safieh , Soltani Arash , Hashemy Seyed Isaac 
Published: November 2018

AbstractCervical cancer (CC) is one of the most common cancers among females, and it is most notable in developing countries. The exact etiology of CC is poorly understood; but, smoking, oral contraceptives, immunosuppression, and infection with human papillomavirus (HPV) may increase the risk of CC. There is also an association between CC and oxidative stress. Oxidative stress is caused by a disturbed oxidant‐antioxidant balance in favor of the former, leading to an excessive generation of free radicals, particularly reactive oxygen species (ROS), and subsequently to biological damages. Thus, redox enzymatic and nonenzymatic regulators are required to maintain the redox homeostasis. Dysregulated antioxidants system and the pathogenic role of oxidative stress in CC have been investigated in several clinical and preclinical studies. In this study, we reviewed studies that have addressed the cross‐talk between oxidative stress and CC pathogenesis and resistance to therapy.
TRF4, the novel TBP‐related protein of Drosophila melanogaster, is concentrated at the endoplasmic reticulum and copurifies with proteins participating in the processes associated with endoplasmic reticulum
Authors: Kurshakova Maria M. , Nabirochkina Elena N. , Georgieva Sofia G. , Kopytova Daria V. 
Published: November 2018

AbstractUnderstanding the functions of TBP‐related factors is essential for studying chromatin assembly and transcription regulation in higher eukaryotes. The novel TBP‐related protein‐coding gene, trf4, was described in
Drosophila melanogaster.
trf4 is found only in
Drosophila and has likely originated in
Drosophila common ancestor. TRF4 protein has a distant homology with TBP and TRF2 in the region of TBP‐like domain and is evolutionarily conserved among distinct
Drosophila species, which indicates its functional significance. TRF4 is widely expressed in
D. melanogaster with high levels of its expression being observed in testes. Interestingly enough, TRF4 has become a cytoplasmic protein having lost nuclear localization signal sequence. TRF4 is concentrated at the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) and copurifies with the proteins participating in the ER‐associated processes. We suggest that
trf4 gene is an example of homolog neofunctionalization by protein subcellular relocalization pathway, where the subcellular relocalization of gene product of duplicated gene leads to the new functions in ER‐associated processes.
MicroRNA‐141 binds to the nerve growth factor receptor associated protein 1 gene and restores the erectile function of diabetic rats through down‐regulating the nerve growth factor/neurotrophin receptor p75 (NGF/p75NTR) signaling
Authors: Wen Yan , Liu Guohui , Jia Linpei , Ji Wei , Li Hai 
Published: November 2018

AbstractBackgroundErectile dysfunction (ED) is one of the major complications in diabetes mellitus (DM). We have previously reported that the nerve growth factor (NGF)/tyrosine kinase receptor (TrkA) signaling is actively involved in DM‐induced ED (DMED). Here, we investigate the effect of micro‐RNA‐141 (miR‐141) on the NGF/p75 neurotrophin receptor (p75NTR) signaling and erectile function of diabetic rats.MethodsSprague‐Dawlay (SD) rats were used to establish a DMED model. The dual‐luciferase reporter gene assay was first performed to identify the nerve growth factor receptor–associated protein 1 (NGFRAP1) gene as the target gene of miR‐141. The regulatory mechanisms underlying miR‐141 governing NGFRAP1 in vivo were then validated by modulating the expressions of miR‐141 and knocking down NGFRAP1.ResultsThe expressions of miR‐141 were decreased while the expressions of NGFRAP1, NGF, and p75NTR were increased in DMED. miR‐141 and downregulation of NGFRAP1, respectively, increased the density of corpus cavernosum smooth muscle and the ratio of intracavernosal pressure (ICP)/mean arterial blood pressure (MAP) and promoted the expression of α‐actin and desmin as well. miR‐141 also upregulated the expressions of NGFRAP1 in DMED, and knockdown of NGFRAP1 inhibited the productions of NGF and p75NTR. Furthermore, miR‐141 suppressed the NGF/p75NTR signaling via binding to NGFRAP1.ConclusionsNGF/p75NTR signaling actively participates in the pathogenesis of DMED. miR‐141 binds to NGFRAP1 and restores the erectile function of diabetic rats via downregulation of NGF/p75NTR signaling.
LL202 ameliorates colitis against oxidative stress of macrophage by activation of the Nrf2/HO‐1 pathway
Authors: Gao Yuan , Bai Dongsheng , Zhao Yue , Zhu Qin , Zhou Yihui , Li Zhiyu , Lu Na 
Published: November 2018

AbstractLL202, a newly synthesized flavonoid derivative, has been confirmed to inhibit the mitogen‐activated protein kinase pathway and activation protein‐1 activation in monocytes; however, the anti‐inflammatory mechanism has not been clearly studied. Uncontrolled overproduction of reactive oxygen species (ROS) has involved in oxidative damage of inflammatory bowel disease. In this study, we investigated that LL202 reduced lipopolysaccharide (LPS)‐induced ROS production and malondialdehyde levels and increased superoxide dismutase, glutathione, and total antioxidant capacity in RAW264.7 cells. Mechanically, LL202 could upregulate heme oxygenase‐1 (HO‐1) via promoting nuclear translocation of nuclear factor erythroid 2 (NF‐E2)‐related factor 2 (Nrf2) to regulate LPS‐induced oxidative stress in macrophages. In vivo, we validated the role of LL202 in dextran sulfate sodium‐ and TNBS‐induced colitis models, respectively. The results showed that LL202 decreased the proinflammatory cytokine expression and regulated colonic oxidative stress by activating the Nrf2/HO‐1 pathway. In conclusion, our study showed that LL202 exerts an anti‐inflammatory effect by enhancing the antioxidant capacity of the Nrf2/HO‐1 pathway to macrophages.
The effect of cerium incorporation on the catalytic performance of cobalt and manganese containing layer double oxides for acetone oxidation
Authors: Zhao Qian , Liu Qingling , Han Jinfeng , Lu Shuangchun , Su Yun , Song Chunfeng , Ji Na , Lu Xuebin , Ma Degang , Cheung Ocean 
Published: November 2018

ABSTRACTBackgroundAcetone is a volatile organic compound (VOC) that is often associated with poor air quality. Acetone has chronic toxicity towards humans and has a significant impact on the overall atmospheric air quality. In this study, several layer double oxides (with M2+ = Mg, Ni, Co or Mn and M3+ = Al or Ce) were tested as catalysts for acetone oxidation.ResultsMnAl‐LDO was found to be the most efficient catalyst. 50% acetone conversion was achieved at 170 °C (T50%) and 90% conversion at 200 °C (T90%).The incorporation of Ce on MnCeAl‐LDO did not improve its catalytic properties over MnAl‐LDO (the T50% for MnCeAl‐LDO was 12 °C higher than for MnAl‐LDO). The good performance on MnAl‐LDO was due to the presence of Mn3+ and the low reduction temperature. MnAl‐LDO was not affected when water was introduced into the catalytic reaction setup. Less than 5% fluctuation in the acetone conversion rate at 170 and 200 °C was detected in the presence of 5.5% water. The incorporation of Ce on CoCeAl‐LDO improved its catalytic performance over CoAl‐LDO (T50% of CoCeAl‐LDO was 15 °C lower than CoAl‐LDO). Our results showed that the good catalytic performance of CoCeAl‐LDO was ascribed to the increased Co2+/Co3+ ratio and the abundance of lattice oxygen (Olatt).ConclusionMnAl‐LDO has good catalytic properties for acetone oxidation, even under humid conditions. The LDO catalysts tested here can be developed into efficient catalysts for acetone oxidation and serve as functional materials for the reduction in acetone or VOC emission. © 2018 Society of Chemical Industry
Mesophilic microfiltration–anaerobic osmotic membrane bioreactor–membrane distillation hybrid system for phosphorus recovery
Authors: Chang Hau‐Ming , Chen Shiao‐Shing , Lu Ming‐Yeh , Cong Duong Chinh , Cong Nguyen Nguyen , Chang Wen‐Shing , Sinha Ray Saikat 
Published: November 2018

AbstractBACKGROUNDFor the first time, a closed‐loop anaerobic osmotic membrane bioreactor–membrane distillation (AnOMBR‐MD) hybrid system integrated with periodic microfiltration (MF) extraction was investigated for simultaneous nutrient and energy recovery while maintaining high water quality for reuse. In addition, phosphorus (P) was recovered as a valuable material for agricultural purposes.RESULTSThe AnOMBR‐MD system exhibited excellent nutrient (>99.9%) and organic removal (almost 100%) due to double‐layer filtration (FO and MD membrane). Moreover, higher methane production (0.24 L CH4/g COD) was achieved from the MF‐AnOMBR process to supply a heat source for MD during the draw solution recovery process to reduce energy consumption. The MF permeate can significantly reduce the scaling potential caused by PO43− ions in bulk solution and mitigate salt accumulation in the anaerobic reactor. The P from the MF permeate was effectively recovered with an efficacy of 60 mg L−1 when the solution pH was adjusted to 12.CONCLUSIONThe overall performance of the MF‐AnOMBR‐MD hybrid system using 1.5 mol L−1 MgSO4 as the draw solution demonstrates its potential application in wastewater treatment with high nutrient recovery in the closed‐loop system. Moreover, this system combined with MD in AnOMBR for draw solution recovery could achieve low energy consumption when its biogas production is utilized as heat source from the anaerobic system. © 2018 Society of Chemical Industry
Enhancing Value of MRI: A Call for Action
Authors: Anzai Yoshimi , Minoshima Satoshi , Lee Vivian S. 
Published: November 2018

As national healthcare spending has spiraled out of control, payment reform that moves from volume to value‐based payment has been introduced as a practical solution. Under alternative value‐based payment models, physicians and clinical teams must deliver the best care possible at a lower cost. Medical imaging has changed the way we diagnose disease, evaluate severity, assess treatment effects, and provide biological insights for the pathophysiology of many diseases. Over the past 50 years, imaging techniques have become increasingly advanced—from X‐ray to computed tomography (CT), magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), positron emission tomography (PET), and multi‐modal imaging. Advanced imaging such as MRI has given clinicians remarkable insights into medical conditions and saved innumerable lives. Under the value proposition, however, we must ask if each imaging study changes treatment decisions, improves patient outcomes, and is cost‐effective. Imaging research has been focused on developing new technologies and clinical applications to assess diagnostic accuracy. What is needed is the higher‐level technology assessment. In this article we review why we need to demonstrate the value of MRI, how we define value, what strategies can enhance MR value through partnership with various stakeholders, and how imaging scientists can contribute to healthcare delivery in the future.Level of Evidence: 5Technical Efficacy: Stage 3J. Magn. Reson. Imaging 2019;49:e40–e48.
Influence of Temperature on the Surface Tension of Triton Surfactant Solutions
Authors: Nguyen Trung B. , Phan Chi M. 
Published: November 2018

AbstractThe surface tension of different Triton surfactants (X‐100, X‐405, and X‐705) with or without adding sodium chloride was measured in the temperature range between 20 and 40°C using the maximum bubble pressure method. Rising temperature reduced the surface tension of Triton surfactants via disrupting the H‐bonds between the ethylene oxide (EO) group and water. Increasing the number of the EO groups created the steeper thermal gradient of the surface tension. The data indicated that EO‐water bonds are easier to be broken by rising temperature than the water–water H‐bonds, with an entropy change of −0.535 J deg−1 per mole of EO. The presence of NaCl decreased the surface tension for all systems. However, NaCl produced a synergistic effect with surfactants on the surface tension.
Comparison of lycopene changes between open‐field processing and fresh market tomatoes during ripening and post‐harvest storage by using a non‐destructive reflectance sensor
Authors: Sikorska‐Zimny Kalina , Badełek Ewa , Grzegorzewska Maria , Ciecierska Anna , Kowalski Artur , Kosson Ryszard , Tuccio Lorenza , Mencaglia Andrea A , Ciaccheri Leonardo , Mignani Anna Grazia , Kaniszewski Stanisław , Agati Giovanni 
Published: November 2018

AbstractBACKGROUNDAccumulation and stability of tomato lycopene markedly depends on the cultivar, plant growing and storage conditions. To estimate lycopene in open‐field cultivated processing and fresh market tomatoes, we used a calibrated spectral reflectance portable sensor.RESULTSLycopene accumulation in fruits attached to the plant, starting from the Green ripening stage, followed a sigmoidal function. It was faster and reached higher levels in processing (cv. Calista) than fresh market (cv. Volna) tomatoes (90 and 62 mg kg−1 fresh weight, respectively). During storage at 12, 20 and 25 °C, Red tomatoes retained about 90% of harvest lycopene for three weeks. Pink tomatoes increased lycopene during the first week of storage, but never reached the lycopene values of Red tomatoes ripened on the vine. Storability at 12 °C retaining the highest quality in red tomatoes was limited to 14 and 7 days for Calista and Volna cultivars, respectively.CONCLUSIONSignificant differences in lycopene accumulation and stability between processing and fresh market tomatoes were established by examining with time the very same fruits by a non‐destructive optical tool. It can be useful in agronomical and post‐harvest physiological studies and can be of interest for producers oriented to the niche nutraceutical market. © 2018 Society of Chemical Industry
Preoperative monocyte‐to‐lymphocyte ratio predicts recurrence in gastrointestinal stromal tumors
Authors: Cananzi Ferdinando Carlo Maria , Minerva Eleonora Maddalena , Samà Laura , Ruspi Laura , Sicoli Federico , Conti Lorenzo , Fumagalli Romario Uberto , Quagliuolo Vittorio Lorenzo 
Published: November 2018

Background and ObjectivesSeveral inflammation markers were found to have a prognostic value in cancer. We investigated the significance of preoperative white cell ratios in determining gastrointestinal stromal tumors (GISTs) outcome.MethodsClinicopathological features of patients who underwent surgery for GIST were reviewed. The following peripheral blood inflammation markers were calculated: neutrophil‐lymphocyte ratio (NLR), monocyte‐lymphocyte ratio (MLR), platelet‐lymphocyte ratio (PLR), neutrophil‐white blood cell ratio (NWR), lymphocyte‐white cell ratio (LWR), monocyte‐white cell ratio (MWR), and platelet‐white cell ratio (PWR).ResultsWe analyzed 127 patients. Three‐ and five‐year disease‐free survival (DFS) were 89.7% and 86.9%, respectively. The univariate analysis selected tumor diameter (P = 0.003), gastric location (
P = 0.024), cell type (
P = 0.024), mitosis (
P < 0.001), MLR (
P = 0.014), NLR (
P = 0.016), and PLR (
P = 0.001) as the factors associated to DFS. The independent prognostic factors for DFS were mitosis (
P = 0.001), NLR (
P = 0.015), MLR (
P = 0.015), and PLR (
P = 0.031), with MLR showing the highest statistical significance and hazard ratio (HR) value. MLR, NLR, and PLR were the only prognostic factors in the subgroup of patients with moderate to high Miettinen's risk class. A high value of MLR was associated with reduced DFS.ConclusionMLR, NLR, and PLR are independent prognostic factors for DFS in GISTs. We first demonstrated the role of MLR as a predictor of recurrence in GIST. Its inclusion into clinical management may improve the recurrence estimation.
Pressure drop in liquid chromatography
Authors: Podgornik Aleš 
Published: November 2018

AbstractMeasurement of pressure drop is routinely performed during chromatographic runs. In many cases this information is only used for regulation of mobile phase flow rate to keep pressure drop below defined limit. However, pressure drop can provide additional important information about performance of chromatographic process. In this review different parameters affecting pressure drop such as compressibility of chromatographic media, nature of applied sample and mobile phase flow regime are discussed. Detailed analysis correlating organization of particle based chromatographic media and pressure drop is presented together with its extension to convective media such as membranes and monoliths but also novel 3D printed media. Finally, estimation of layer thickness formed by adsorbed molecules based on a pressure drop data is presented and its applicability is discussed.
Understanding Gender Differences in Resilience Among Veterans: Trauma History and Social Ecology
Authors: Portnoy Galina A. , Relyea Mark R. , Decker Suzanne , Shamaskin‐Garroway Andrea , Driscoll Mary , Brandt Cynthia A. , Haskell Sally G. 
Published: November 2018

AbstractA social‐ecological framework for resilience underscores the importance of conceptualizing individuals embedded within their context when evaluating a person's vulnerability and adaptation to stress. Despite a high level of trauma exposure, most veterans exhibit psychological resilience following a traumatic event. Interpersonal trauma is associated with poorer psychological outcomes than noninterpersonal trauma and is experienced more frequently across the lifespan by women as compared to men. In the present study, we examined gender differences in trauma exposure, resilience, and protective factors among veterans. Participants included 665 veterans who completed a baseline survey assessing traumatic events; 544 veterans (81.8%) completed a 1‐year follow‐up survey assessing resilience, combat exposure, deployment social support, deployment preparedness, and military sexual trauma (MST). Principal component analyses revealed the Traumatic Life Events Questionnaire categorized into four meaningful components: sexual abuse, interpersonal violence, stranger violence, and accidents/unexpected trauma. Women reported greater exposure to sexual abuse, d = 0.76; interpersonal violence, d = 0.31; and MST, Cramer's V = 0.54; men reported greater exposure to stranger violence, accidents/unexpected trauma, and combat exposure, ds = 0.24–0.55. Compared to women, men also reported greater social support during deployment, d = 0.46. Hierarchical linear regression indicated that men's resilience scores were higher than women's, β = .10, p = .032, yet this association was no longer significant once we accounted for trauma type, β = .07, p = .197. Results indicate that trauma type is central to resilience and suggest one must consider the social‐ecological context that can promote or inhibit resilient processes.
Characterization of Breast Microcalcifications Using a New Ultrasound Image‐Processing Technique
Authors: Machado Priscilla , Eisenbrey John R. , Stanczak Maria , Cavanaugh Barbara C. , Zorn Lisa M. , Forsberg Flemming 
Published: November 2018

ObjectivesTo evaluate a new commercial image‐processing technique (MicroPure; Toshiba America Medical Systems, Tustin, CA) for detection and characterization of breast microcalcifications in patients undergoing stereotactic or ultrasound‐guided biopsies using mammography as the reference standard.MethodsOne hundred female patients, with a total of 104 lesions, scheduled for an image‐guided biopsy of an area with breast microcalcifications (identified on a prior mammogram) underwent MicroPure examinations of the breast using an Aplio XG scanner (Toshiba America Medical Systems) with a broad‐bandwidth linear array. MicroPure combines nonlinear imaging and speckle suppression to mark suspected calcifications as white spots in a blue overlay image. Four independent and blinded readers (2 radiologists and 2 physicists) analyzed 208 digital clips consisting of dual grayscale ultrasound and MicroPure imaging, counting the number of microcalcifications seen with MicroPure. The observers also assessed the level of suspicion on a qualitative, visual analog, 6‐point scale from 0 (no findings) over 1 (benign) to 5 (malignant).ResultsThe mean number of microcalcifications ± SD seen was 6.3 ± 3.5, whereas mammography saw 28.9 ± 24.6 (P = .66). When the MicroPure level of suspicion scores were compared with pathologic results using a receiver operating characteristic curve analysis, the areas under the curve ranged from 0.54 to 0.59. Nonetheless, malignant cases were seen to have significantly more microcalcifications than benign cases (mean number of microcalcifications, 6.9 ± 5.1 versus 5.3 ± 3.7; P = .02).ConclusionsMicroPure can be used to identify areas with breast microcalcifications but cannot effectively characterize such areas. Instead, MicroPure may represent a new imaging method for guiding a biopsy to areas of microcalcifications.