bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A Freezing Moment in Ghana’s Party System: How Two Thorns in Nkrumah’s Side Framed Elections in the Fourth Republic
Authors: Fridy Kevin S. 
Published: November 2018

Abstract
Ghanaian elections in the Fourth Republic demonstrate clear regional patterns. The National Democratic Congress (NDC) wins the vast majority of the vote in Volta Region, the New Patriotic Party (NPP) earns its largest victories in Asante Region, and the remaining eight regions are more competitive. This article explores the genesis of these patterns and finds that they first revealed themselves in Ghana’s Second Republic when two ethnopolitical groups who had fought Nkrumah’s nationalizing efforts took advantage of their organizational capacities. They adopted the ideological labels of the First Republic to fill the political vacuum left by the departure of the country’s popular independence leader. This nuanced reading of Ghana’s partisan history stands in contrast to both popular contemporary accounts and predictions raised in the literature on the creation of party systems.
PENERAPAN SANKSI ADMINISTRATIF DALAM PUTUSAN PERKARA TATA USAHA NEGARA DI PENGADILAN TATA USAHA NEGARA SEMARANG
Authors: Kusmawardi Ladju , Suteki Suteki , Ristyawati Aprista 
Published: November 2018

Dalam melaksanakan tugas dan wewenangnya, Pengadilan Tata Usaha Negara (PTUN) di Indonesia dirasakan belum memenuhi harapan masyarakat pencari keadilan. Jurnal ini membahas penerapan sanksi administratif, kendala yang dihadapinya dan konsep penerapan sanksi administratif dalam putusan perkara TUN di PTUN Semarang yang efektif. Metode penelitiannya yaitu socio legal. Hasil penelitiannya adalah pertama, Penerapan sanksi administratif dalam putusan perkara TUN di PTUN Semarang belum optimal. Kedua, kendalanya yaitu kesadaran Pejabat TUN yang rendah, tidak adanya partisipasi aktif dari Tergugat dan kurangnya pengawasan, belum adanya peraturan mengenai anggaran khusus. Ketiga, konsep penerapannya agar efektif yaitu adanya dasar hukum bagi PTUN untuk mencantumkan sanksi administratif dalam amar putusan, merevisi Ketentuan Pasal terkait, perlu adanya komitmen yang jelas dari Badan atau Pejabat TUN beserta Atasannya, perlunya pengawasan.
LEGAL POLITICAL OF WELL-KNOWN TRADEMARK PROTECTION REVIEWED FROM DEVELOPMENT OF TRADEMARK LAW IN INDONESIA TO AVOID FRAUDULENT COMPETITION
Authors: Muzakki Moch Alfi , Roisah Kholis , Prananda Rahandy Rizki 
Published: November 2018

The achievement of a Trademark in order to become famous is not an easy job, the obstacle of building a Trademark into a well-known trademark is a factor that encourages the emergence of fraudulent competition that is detrimental to others. The Issuance of Law No. 20 of 2016 concerning Trademarks and Geographical Indications is deemed unable to accommodate fraudulent competition. This study aims to examine the law politics of famous Trademark protection in terms of the development of Trademark law in Indonesia and to compare the protection of famous Trademarks in Indonesia with other countries to avoid fraudulent competition in the use Trademarks. This study is applied a normative juridical approach. The results of the study show that even though Indonesia has made amendment toward Trademark Law (UUM) 5 times, there is no specific definition of a well-known brand within Indonesia. Indonesia does not yet have arrangements regarding fraudulent competition in the brand, even though Indonesia has anti-competition laws, but fraudulent competition in Indonesia does not use it as a legal basis.Keywords: Trademark; Well-Known Trademark; Fraudulent Competition.
Gene expression of ING4 gene in pancreatic cancers and splice forms of ING4 gene
Authors: Yıldırım ć°brahim Halil , í‡akmak Ecir Ali , Camcı Celaleddin 
Published: November 2018

Pancreatic cancer is characterized by rapid metastasis and resistant to medical treatments. As the other cancers, mutations of tumor suppressor genes that involved in suppression of cell growth are observed in pancreatic cancers. ING4 protein is one of the proteins involved in the regulation of p53 tumor suppressor gene functions. ING4 involved in suppression of cell proliferation, chromosome rearrangement, cell migration, and angiogenesis. In this study, gene expressions and splicing variants of ING4 gene were investigated. Fresh tumor and normal specimens of the same pancreatic cancer patients were used. Gene expression study carried out by calculating the brightness of the bands on agarose gel and splicing variants were detected by direct sequencing. According to the results, three splice forms of ING4 and a decrease in gene expression of ING4 were determined. Splicing type of ING4 affects the translocation of ING4 proteins into the nucleus. To determine the gene expression of each splicing variant, will further clarify the role of ING4 in pancreatic cancers.
Tolerancja jako fundament europejskiej tożsamości
Authors: Jasiński Arkadiusz Mirosław 
Published: November 2018

Muslim culture in Europe (mainly in the European Union) and the issue of tolerance, which plays a major role in the relationship between different cultures. The main point of this article is to isolate and describe the types of tolerance (and their incentive substrate). What is more an indication of their use in solving problems arising in multicultural societies, as well as outline the substance of the European cultural identity (its advantages and disadvantages, the ratio of “their” and “foreign” to her - consequences resulting from this). An important aspect of this paper is the influx of immigrants from Africa and Near East countries - related problems, conflicts, threats and the perspective of coexistence. The whole discussion is conducted in relation to the position on the “Other” occupied by modern liberal democracy.
Ade Novo EDA-Variant in a Litter of Shorthaired Standard Dachshunds with X-Linked Hypohidrotic Ectodermal Dysplasia
Authors: Vasiliadis Danae , Hewicker-Trautwein Marion , Klotz Daniela , Fehr Michael , Ruseva Stefka , Arndt Jennifer , Metzger Julia , Distl Ottmar 
Published: November 2018

AbstractIn this study, we present a detailed phenotype description and genetic elucidation of the first case of X-linked hypohidrotic ectodermal dysplasia in the shorthaired standard Dachshund. This condition is characterized by partial congenital hypotrichosis, missing and malformed teeth and a lack of eccrine sweat glands. Clinical signs including dental radiographs and histopathological findings were consistent with ectodermal dysplasia. Pedigree analysis supported an X-recessive mode of inheritance. Whole-genome sequencing of one affected puppy and his dam identified a 1-basepair deletion within the ectodysplasin-A (EDA) gene (CM000039.3:g.54509504delT, c.458delT). Sanger sequencing of further family members confirmed the EDA:c.458delT-variant. Validation in all available family members, 37 unrelated shorthaired standard Dachshunds, 128 further Dachshunds from all other coat and size varieties and samples from 34 dog breeds revealed the EDA:c.458delT-variant to be private for this family. Two heterozygous females showed very mild congenital hypotrichosis but normal dentition. Since the dam is demonstrably the only heterozygous animal in the ancestry of the affected animals, we assume that the EDA:c.458delT-variant arose in the germline of the granddam or in an early embryonic stage of the dam. In conclusion, we detected a very recent de-novo EDA mutation causing X-linked hypohidrotic ectodermal dysplasia in the shorthaired standard Dachshund.
Evaluating serum C-reactive protein level in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease and its correlation with disease severity
Authors: Moayyedkazemi Alireza , Rahimirad Mohammad Hossein 
Published: November 2018

Background: It has been proven that patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) are at risk for increased atherothrombotic events. Studies have demonstrated that C-reactive protein (CRP) and COPD are risk factors for heart disease. The present study aimed to evaluate the serum level of CRP in patients with COPD and compare it with those of the control group.
Method: The present case-control study was conducted on 40 patients with COPD and 51 asymptomatic individuals (control subjects). High-sensitivity C-reactive protein (hsCRP), blood gases, and spirometry were evaluated in patients with COPD and compared with those of the control group.
Results: Patients with COPD had a higher hsCRP than the control group, and the difference was statistically significant (7.6 mg/L compared to 4.2 mg/L, P<0.001). A negative correlation was found between hsCRP and the predicted percentage of forced expiratory volume in one second (FEV1%) (P=0.03; r=0.32). There was also a positive correlation between hsCRP and the severity of COPD based on the Global Initiative for Chronic Obstructive Lung Disease (GOLD) criteria (P=0.04; r=0.3).
Conclusion: Serum hsCRP is higher in the COPD group than the control group matched based on age, and hsCRP is correlated with the severity of COPD. Further studies with larger sample sizes are required for evaluating this correlation in patients with COPD.
Tobacco Product Harm Perceptions and New Use
Authors: Parker Maria A. , Villanti Andrea C. , Quisenberry Amanda J. , Stanton Cassandra A. , Doogan Nathan J. , Redner Ryan , Gaalema Diann E. , Kurti Allison N. , Nighbor Tyler , Roberts Megan E. , Cepeda-Benito Antonio , Higgins Stephen T. 
Published: November 2018

BACKGROUND:
Researchers in several studies have examined correlations between tobacco harm perceptions and tobacco use in youth, but none have prospectively addressed the association between harm perceptions and subsequent new use across multiple noncigarette products.

METHODS:
Product-specific absolute and relative harm perceptions for cigarettes, electronic cigarettes (e-cigarettes), cigars, pipes, hookah, and smokeless tobacco were collected at wave 1 (W1) (2013–2014) among youth in the nationally representative US Population Assessment of Tobacco and Health Study (12–17 years of age; n = 10 081). At wave 2 (W2) (2014–2015), product-specific new use was calculated. Adjusted relative risks were used to estimate if harm perceptions at W1 predicted W2 new tobacco use.

RESULTS:
The proportion of youth who endorsed “a lot of harm” was highest for cigarettes (84.8%) and lowest for e-cigarettes (26.6%); the proportion of youth who thought products were “more harmful” than cigarettes was highest for cigars (30.6%) and lowest for e-cigarettes (5.1%). Among youth who had not used those products at W1, product-specific new use at W2 ranged from 9.1% (e-cigarettes) to 0.6% (pipes). Youth who believed that noncombustible tobacco products posed “no or little harm” at W1 were more likely to have tried those products at W2 (P &lt; .05). Youth who viewed e-cigarettes, hookah, and smokeless tobacco as “less harmful” than cigarettes at W1 were more likely to try those tobacco products at W2 (P &lt; .05).

CONCLUSIONS:
Low harm perceptions of noncigarette tobacco products predict new use of these products by youth within the next year. Targeting product-specific harm perceptions may prevent new tobacco use among youth.
Az ICON® elektromos kardiometrián alapuló nem invazív hemodinamikai monitor használata a klinikumban
Authors: Zakariás Dávid , Marics Gábor , Kovács Kata , Jermendy Ágnes , Vatai Barbara , Schuster György , Tóth-Heyn Péter , Szabó J. Attila , Lódi Csaba 
Published: November 2018

Abstract: Establishment of a proper hemodynamic monitoring system in order to achieve optimal care among critically ill patients is fundamental. In contrast to invasive patient-checking systems, which were introduced decades ago and used in both adult and pediatric intensive care, the non-invasive methods have become more popular in recent years due to technical advancements in intensive care and patient monitoring. This increase in popularity can be attributed to the higher degree of safety and reduced complication rates as well as to its being more economical. Our summary focuses on the ICON® patient monitoring system. This newly engineered, non-invasive tool is based on electrical cardiometry, and uses hemodynamic parameters in both neonatal and pediatric care as well as in adults. The operating principle is simple: the conductivity of the blood in the aorta shows time-dependent changes. Prior to the opening of the aortic valve, the orientation of the red blood cells (RBCs) is random, and it is not until the contraction of the aorta that the RBCs and the opening of the aortic valve achieve a parallel position. The tool senses the conductivity between four placed electrodes, and measures the stroke volume (SV) and cardiac output (CO), before calculating other additional parameters (eg.: systemic vascular resistance) by tracing the variation of bioimpedance according to changes in the heart cycle. The most important advantages of ICON® are the measurements that are made available immediately as well as continuously, and the low complication rate that originates from its non-invasive operation. ICON® is a new, promising hemodynamic device in the tool belt of intensive care. Due to the nature of the device, it is possible to evaluate the status of the patient on a continuous basis, allowing for optimal care. To identify the more accurate clinical indications further measures will be necessary. Orv Hetil. 2018; 159(44): 1775–1781.
IRRIGAÇÃO POR GOTEJAMENTO SUBSUPERFICIAL NA PRODUÇÃO E QUALIDADE DE CANA-DE-AÇÚCAR
Authors: Dalri Alexandre Barcellos , Cruz Raimundo Leite , Garcia Carlos Jesus Baca , Duenhas Luiza Helena 
Published: November 2018

IRRIGAÇÃO POR GOTEJAMENTO SUBSUPERFICIAL NA PRODUÇÃO E QUALIDADE DE CANA-DE-AÇÚCAR Alexandre Barcellos Dalri1; Raimundo Leite Cruz2; Carlos Jesus Baca Garcia3; Luiza Helena Duenhas 41Departamento de Ciências Agrárias, Centro Universitário Moura Lacerda, Ribeirão Preto, SP, abdalri@uol.com.br2Departamento de Engenharia Rural, Faculdade de Ciências Agronômicas, Universidade Estadual Paulista, Botucatu, SP 3Departamento de Engenharia Agrícola, Faculdade de Agronomia e Zootecnia, Universidade Nacional de San Antonio Abad del Cusco, Cusco-Peru4Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico – CNPq 1 RESUMO No Brasil, a cana-de-açúcar é predominantemente cultivada em condições de sequeiro. Entretanto, muitas vezes a irrigação está presente nas agriculturas tecnificadas, pois se traduz em maiores produtividades, melhor qualidade do produto e independência de chuva. Este trabalho teve como objetivo o estudo da freqüência de irrigação por gotejamento subsuperficial no desenvolvimento da cana-de-açúcar, no primeiro ciclo de cultivo. Os tratamentos foram definidos pela freqüência da irrigação: o sistema de irrigação era acionado quando a evapotranspiração da cultura superasse 10 mm, 20 mme 30 mm, para os tratamentos L1, L2 e L3, respectivamente. O tratamento L0 foi definido como testemunha (não irrigado). A irrigação por gotejamento subsuperficial não alterou a qualidade da cana-de-açúcar e não houve diferença estatística entre as diferentes freqüências de irrigação, para produtividade. Todavia, comparados à testemunha, os tratamentos L1, L2 e L3 proporcionaram incremento de produtividade de 47,33%, 58,53%, e 39,86%, respectivamente. UNITERMOS: freqüência de irrigação, manejo de irrigação, análise tecnológica. DALRI, A. B.; DUENHAS, L. H.; GARCIA, C. J. B.; CRUZ, R. L. SUBSURFACE DRIP IRRIGATION ON SUGARCANE YIELD AND QUALITY 2 ABSTRACT In Brazil, sugarcane is mostly cropped in dry land conditions. However, it is known that irrigation is present in advanced agriculture, because of its higher yields, better product quality and rainfall independence. This work aimed to study subsurface drip irrigation frequencies on sugarcane development during the first season. Treatments were defined by different irrigation frequencies: irrigation system were turned on when evapotranspiration reached 10 mm, 20 mm, and 30 mm, for treatments L1, L2, and L3, respectively. Treatment L0 was defined as control (non-irrigated). It was observed that subsurface drip irrigation did not affected sugarcane quality and there was no statistical difference among different irrigation frequencies for yield. However, when compared to the control, treatments L1, L2 and L3 showed yield increase of 47.33%, 58.53%, and 39.86%, respectively.KEY WORDS: irrigation frequency, irrigation management, technological analysis.
TRATAMENTO PARA DESENTUPIMENTO DE GOTEJADORES CONVENCIONAIS
Authors: Teixeira Marconi Batista , Melo Ralini Ferreira de , Coelho Rubens Duarte , Rettore Neto Osvaldo , Ribeiro Pablo Atahualpa de Aguiar 
Published: November 2018

TRATAMENTO PARA DESENTUPIMENTO DE GOTEJADORES CONVENCIONAIS Marconi Batista Teixeira; Ralini Ferreira de Melo; Rubens Duarte Coelho; Osvaldo Rettore Neto; Pablo Atahualpa de Aguiar RibeiroDepartamento de Engenharia Rural, Escola Superior de Agricultura Luiz de Queiroz, Universidade de São Paulo, Piracicaba, SP, marconi@esalq.usp.br 1 RESUMO Este trabalho teve como objetivo verificar a recuperação de emissores convencionais que apresentavam, em campo, problemas de entupimento causados por problemas biológico ou químico. O experimento foi realizado em uma Bancadade ensaios instalada no Laboratório de Irrigação do DER – ESALQ – USP, utilizando-se os seguintes tratamentos químicos da água para recuperação dos emissores: a) 10 mg L-1 de cloro livre; b) 50 mg L-1 de cloro livre; e c) ácido nítrico a pH 2,0. A fonte de cloro utilizada foi hipoclorito de sódio (10%), sendo que o pH foi mantido na faixa de 5,5 a 6,0 para maior ação do ácido hipocloroso. A aplicação das dosagens foi feita durante 2 horas, deixando as linhas gotejadoras descansarem expostas à ação dos tratamentos por 24 horas, quando, então, realizava-se a leitura de vazão. O delineamento experimental adotado foi o DIC em esquema fatorial 5x3, sendo utilizados os testes “F” para análise de variância e Tuckey a 5% de significância para comparação de médias. O tratamento com 50 mg L -1 de cloro livre foi o mais eficiente estatisticamente a 5% de significância pelo teste de Tukey para recuperação da vazão dos gotejadores a valores próximos da vazão nominal de catálogo. UNITERMOS: irrigação localizada, tratamento químico, uniformidade de distribuição de água. TEIXEIRA, M. B.; MELO, R. F. de; COELHO, R. D.; RETTORE NETO, O.; RIBEIRO, P. A. de A. TREATMENT FOR CLOGGED EMITTERS 2 ABSTRACT This work aimed to verify the recovery of conventional emitters that presented blockage problems in the field caused by biological or chemical problems. The experiment was performed in a trial counter installed in the Irrigation Laboratory at ESALQ-USP, using the following chemical water treatments for clogged emitters: a) 10 mg Lˉ¹ of free chlorine, b) 50 mgLˉ¹ of free chlorine, and c) nitric acid at 2.0 pH. The used chlorine source was sodium hypochlorite (10%) and pH was kept from 5.5 to 6.0. The application was done for 2 hours, then the line emitters rested and exposed to the action of the treatments for 24 hours, when then the flow reading was made. The adopted experimental outline was DIC in a 5x3 factorial scheme, using Tests “F” for variance analysis and Tukey’s at 5% to compare averages. The treatment to recover emitter discharge to its original value was statistically more efficient according to Tukey’s test at 5%, when 50 mgLˉ¹ of free chlorine was applied. KEY WORDS: trickle irrigation, chemical treatment, uniformity of dripper discharge
CARACTERIZAÇÃO MORFOMÉTRICA DA MICROBACIA HIDROGRÁFICA DO CÓRREGO DA FAZENDA GLÓRIA, MUNICÍPIO DE TAQUARITINGA, SP.
Authors: Rodrigues Flávia Mazzer , Pissara Teresa Cristina Tarlé , Campos Sérgio 
Published: November 2018

Caracterização morfométrica da microbacia hidrográfica do córrego da Fazenda Glória, Município de Taquaritinga, SP. Flavia Mazzer Rodrigues1; Teresa Cristina Tarlé Pissarra1; Sérgio Campos2 1Departamento de Engenharia Rural, Faculdade de Ciências Agronômicas e Veterinária, Universidade Estadual Paulista, Jaboticabal, SP, flamazzer@hotmail.com2Departamento de Engenharia Rural, Faculdade de Ciências Agronômicas, Universidade Estadual Paulista, Botucatu, SP 1 RESUMO Com a análise das características morfométricas, procura-se entender a relação solo-superfície, em decorrência dos processos erosivos sobre estruturas e litologias variadas. Neste trabalho, objetivou-se caracterizar, no período de 1983 e 2000, as características morfométricas na Microbacia Hidrográfica do Córrego da Fazenda Glória, de 4a ordem de magnitude, Município de Taquaritinga - SP. Esta microbacia hidrográfica foi dividida em 7 microbacias hidrográficas de 2a ordem e 2 microbacias hidrográficas de 3a ordem. As características morfométricas demonstraram que ocorreu uma redução do número de segmentos de rios de 1.a ordem e comprimento da rede de drenagem ao longo do período analisado, estando relacionadas às diversas influências que a evolução do modelado sofreu, tendo em vista o uso e ocupação do solo, indicando comportamento hidrológico desigual. Os resultados permitiram inferir que o comprimento do segmento de rio de 4a ordem se manteve constante ao longo do período analisado. UNITERMOS: sensoriamento remoto, análise morfométrica, microbacias hidrográficas. RODRIGUES, F. M.; PISSARRA, T. C. T.; CAMPOS, S. Morphometric characterization of Glória FARM Watershed, Taquaritinga, state of São Paulo, brazil. 2 ABSTRACT The analysis of morphometric characteristics is used to understand the relationship between soil and surface as a result of erosive processes on different structures and lithologies. The objective of this study was to study the morphometric characteristics of Fazenda Gloria watershed from 1983 to2000, afourth-order watershed in TaquaritingaMunicipality,São PauloState. The study was based on photointerpretation techniques. Drainage net and the respective watersheds were selected and the morphometric variables were determined. The watersheds consisted of 7 second-order watersheds and 2 third-order watersheds. The morphometric characteristics showed a reduction in the number of segments of first-order rivers and in the length of the drainage net during the study period. These findings could be related to several influences on land development considering the occupation and use of land. A different hydrological behavior could also be observed. The analysis of Fazenda Glória Watershed showed that the length of the segment of fourth order river remained constant during the study period. KEY WORDS: remote sensing, morphometric analysis, watershed.