bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Probing the Extended Atmospheres of AGB Stars. I. Synthetic Imaging of 1D Hydrodynamical Models at Radio and (Sub-)millimeter Wavelengths
Authors: Bojnordi Arbab Behzad , Vlemmings Wouter , Khouri Theo , Höfner Susanne 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
We investigate the observable characteristics of the extended atmospheres of asymptotic giant branch (AGB) stars across a wide range of radio and (sub-)millimeter wavelengths using state-of-the-art 1D dynamical atmosphere and wind models over one pulsation period. We also study the relationships between the observable features and model properties. We further study practical distance ranges for observable sources assuming the capabilities of current and upcoming observatories. We present time-variable, frequency-dependent profiles of pulsating AGB stars’ atmospheres, illustrating observable features in resolved and unresolved observations, including disk brightness temperature, photosphere radius, and resolved and unresolved spectral indices. Notably, temporal variations in disk brightness temperature closely mirror the temperature variability of the stellar atmosphere. We find that while the photospheric radius decreases due to gas dilution in the layers between consecutive shocks, the increase in the observed stellar radius reflects shock propagation through the atmosphere during the expansion phase, providing a direct measurement method for the shock velocity. Furthermore, our models indicate that enhanced gas temperatures after the passage of a strong shock might be observable in the high-frequency Atacama Large Millimeter/submillimeter Array (ALMA) bands as a decrease in the brightness temperature with increasing frequency. We demonstrate that synthetic observations based on state-of-the-art dynamical atmosphere and wind models are necessary for proper interpretations of current (ALMA and Very Large Array (VLA)) and future (Square Kilometre Array and next-generation VLA) observations and that multiwavelength observations of AGB stars are crucial for empirical studies of their extended atmospheres.
Sharp Periodic Flares and Long-term Variability in the High-mass X-Ray Binary XTE J1829−098 from RXTE PCA, Swift BAT, and MAXI Observations
Authors: Corbet Robin H. D. , Ballhausen Ralf , Becker Peter A. , Coley Joel B. , Fuerst Felix , Gendreau Keith C. , Guillot Sebastien , Islam Nazma , Jaisawal Gaurava Kumar , Jenke Peter , Kretschmar Peter , Lange Alexander , Malacaria Christian , Ng Mason , Pottschmidt Katja , Pradhan Pragati , Ray Paul S. , Rothschild Richard E. , Thalhammer Philipp , Townsend Lee J. , Wilms Joern , Wilson-Hodge Colleen A. , Wolff Michael T. 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
XTE J1829−098 is a transient X-ray pulsar with a period of ∼7.8 s. It is a candidate Be star system, although the evidence for this is not yet definitive. We investigated the twenty-year-long X-ray light curve using the Rossi X-ray Timing Explorer Proportional Counter Array (PCA), Neil Gehrels Swift Observatory Burst Alert Telescope, and the Monitor of All-sky X-ray Image. We find that all three light curves are clearly modulated on the ∼244 days orbital period previously reported from PCA monitoring observations, with outbursts confined to a narrow phase range. The light curves also show that XTE J1829−098 was in an inactive state between approximately 2008 December and 2018 April, and no strong outbursts occurred. Such behavior is typical of Be X-ray binary systems, with the absence of outbursts likely related to the dissipation of the Be star's decretion disk. The mean outburst shapes can be approximated with a triangular profile and, from a joint fit of this to all three light curves, we refine the orbital period to 243.95 ± 0.04 days. The mean outburst profile does not show any asymmetry and has a total phase duration of 0.140 ± 0.007. However, the PCA light curve shows that there is considerable cycle-to-cycle variability of the individual outbursts. We compare the properties of XTE J1829−098 with other sources that show short phase-duration outbursts, in particular GS 1843−02 (2S 1845−024), which has a very similar orbital period, but longer pulse period, and whose orbit is known to be highly eccentric.
Explicit Symplectic Integrators with Adaptive Time Steps in Curved Spacetimes
Authors: Wu Xin , Wang Ying , Sun Wei , Liu Fuyao , Ma Dazhu 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
Recently, our group developed explicit symplectic methods for curved spacetimes that are not split into several explicitly integrable parts but are via appropriate time transformations. Such time-transformed explicit symplectic integrators should have employed adaptive time steps in principle, but they are often difficult in practical implementations. In fact, they work well if time transformation functions cause the time-transformed Hamiltonians to have the desired splits and approach 1 or constants for sufficiently large distances. However, they do not satisfy the requirement of step-size selections in this case. Based on the step-size control technique proposed by Preto & Saha, the nonadaptive time-step time-transformed explicit symplectic methods are slightly adjusted as adaptive ones. The adaptive methods have only two additional steps and a negligible increase in computational cost compared with the nonadaptive ones. Their implementation is simple. Several dynamical simulations of particles and photons near black holes have demonstrated that the adaptive methods typically improve the efficiency of the nonadaptive methods. Because of the desirable property, the new adaptive methods are applied to investigate the chaotic dynamics of particles and photons outside the horizon in a Schwarzschild–Melvin spacetime. The new methods are widely applicable to all curved spacetimes corresponding to Hamiltonians or time-transformed Hamiltonians with the expected splits. In addition, application to the backward ray-tracing method for studying the motion of photons and shadows of black holes is possible.
Pollinisation : un équilibre en péril
Authors: Porcher Emmanuelle 
Published: November 2024

Si la biodiversité est souvent comprise comme la variété des formes de vie, elle se caractérise aussi par la diversité des interactions entre les êtres vivants : compétition, coopération, prédation… Produit d’une longue coévolution, ces interactions maillent la surface de la Terre et font de la biodiversité le « tissu vivant de la planète », qui régule son fonctionnement. La crise de la biodiversité actuelle implique ainsi non seulement la disparition d’espèces, mais également celle, tout aussi grave, des interactions : le tissu vivant de la planète se distend.À travers l’étude révélatrice des interactions entre plantes à fleurs et pollinisateurs, l’autrice met en lumière le délitement progressif de ce maillage essentiel à la vie sur Terre. Pour inverser la tendance, elle propose de rétablir une autre forme d’interactions : celles entre l’humanité et le reste du vivant.
Human interaction with structure in designing big data architecture
Authors: Nyikana Wandisa , Iyamu Tiko 
Published: November 2024

Background: There is an increasing interest in big data. However, challenges shape and affect the gathering, retrieval, use and management of big data in many organisations. Some of the challenges are linked to a lack of architecture that is specific to big data. Attempts have been made from both business and academic fronts, yet the challenges persist. The challenges are attributed to a lack of an understanding of the factors that influence the design of architecture for big data in an organisation.Objectives: The study aims to propose big data architecture for enterprises.Method: We employed the qualitative method, using document analysis to gather data. Activity theory (AT) was employed in the analysis of the data.Results: From the analysis, governance, interactions, relationships and allocative were found to be the factors that influence the design of big data architecture. An interpretation was conducted following the inductive reasoning approach to gain a deeper insight of how the factors manifest themselves.Conclusion: Big data architecture is proposed. The architecture is intended to address some of the challenges encountered in gathering, retrieving, using or managing big data in organisations.Contribution: This study advances our understanding of the complex interplay of factors influencing the architecture of big data. Applying AT, the study fortifies our understanding of complex interactions between humans and big data including the architecture design.
Student-centred OdeL support in theology: Why? and how?
Authors: Oliver Erna 
Published: November 2024

Equipping students to become future-fit graduates who are competent to survive and thrive in an increasingly liquid and complex society presents an agonising challenge to educators at institutions of higher education. It seems that student-centred support is a key requirement for the renovation of open distance higher education. ‘The complex fourth revolution world we are living in’, the current unequal and diverse student body and the need to train students in theology to be agents of positive change and transformation highlight why student-centred edu-actions are required. Suggestions on how to create opportunities for, and how to implement effective student-centred support are presented through a descriptive qualitative approach. Although this is focussed on theology students, student support is needed in all disciplines and this structure can, if successful, also be transferred to other fields in human science. Nested in the centre of the Community of Inquiry model, the triangle of effective education provides the structure and foundation for both the discipline-specific and the more general fields of the pillars of higher education. Based on the foundation of this triangle, a toolkit for student success is proposed. The toolkit forms the inner part of the triangle; referring to who the students are, how they think, reason and act, culminate in how they change and grow through education. In addition, a short learning programme for educators is proposed to assist them in adapting their tasks to the changing environment and simultaneously supporting their students.Intradisciplinary/interdisciplinary implications: Although the focus is on theology students and lecturers, both the toolkit and lecturer training programmes can be implemented for the promotion of purpose-driven and human-centred skills development and academic excellence in the larger disciplines and fields of arts, humanities, social sciences and religious studies.
Indian clinical practice consensus guidelines for the management of locoregional hypopharyngeal cancer - Update 2023
Authors: Darling HS , Babu K Govind , Noronha Vanita , Chaturvedi Pankaj , Kuriakose Moni , Birur Praveen , Kaushal Ashish , Mahajan Abhishek , Singhal Manish , Gairola Munish , Goyal Sumit , Patil Vijay M , Rao Vishal , Rath Goura K , Kumar Prabhash 
Published: November 2024

ABSTRACT
Hypopharyngeal cancer usually presents at a locally advanced stage. Almost all patients are treated with a curative intent. As surgical approaches are functionally and cosmetically morbid, nonsurgical modalities are preferred. This review emphasizes a comprehensive diagnosis workflow, the integration of less toxic induction chemotherapy regimens, and a multidisciplinary approach to patient care. It aims to optimize treatment outcomes while preserving quality of life, particularly in the Indian healthcare context.
Feasibility and Effectiveness of Using Community Testing Centers to Increase Access to COVID-19 Testing Services in Urban Mozambique
Authors: Sambo Júlia , Sitoe Nádia , Nguenha Neuza , Chilaúle Jorfélia , Guambe Phath , Langa Denise , Rafael Júlio , Mudenyanga Chishamiso , Mabunda Nédio , Loquiha Osvaldo , Jani Ilesh 
Published: November 2024

Conventional diagnostic systems struggled to meet the fluctuating demand for testing across the different waves of the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic. This study aimed to assess the feasibility and effectiveness of the walkthrough (WT) approach in extending access to COVID-19 testing to high-risk populations traditionally underrepresented at health facilities (HFs) and to observe its impact on testing demand.
An interventional study was implemented in markets (WT markets) and ports (WT ports) in Maputo City and Province, Mozambique. Demographic, epidemiological, and clinical data were collected for patients testing for COVID-19 in HFs and at WTs, and a nasal swab COVID-19 antigen rapid diagnostic test (Ag-RDT) was administered.
Overall, testing rates at WTs were higher than those at HFs. At WTs, 4,452 of 4,457 participants were eligible and screened for COVID-19. Most participants were fully vaccinated for COVID-19 and had no symptoms or comorbidities (62.1% at WT markets and 87.9% at WT ports). During the baseline phase, the incidence testing rate of Ag-RDTs in intervention health facilities near the WTs was approximately one-fifth (P <0.001) of that in the control HFs located far from the WTs. In the control HFs, the incidence testing rate decreased significantly during the intervention period, whereas in intervention HFs, the incidence testing rate increased by approximately four times (P = 0.005).
During times of low positivity rates and limited patient flow, the WT testing points may not yield the expected results in lowering the incidence testing rate within HFs. The WT may constitute an alternative approach to increasing the screening of infectious and noncommunicable diseases.
Evaluating Foodborne Cyclosporiasis Using Foodborne Diseases Active Surveillance Network and Foodborne Disease Outbreak Surveillance System Data, 2015–2019
Authors: Markon André O. , Karasick Andrew , Punzalan Cecile , da Silva Alexandre J. , Wolpert Beverly 
Published: November 2024

ABSTRACT.
Cyclosporiasis has been a nationally notifiable disease in the United States since 1999, and cases have increased in recent years. We evaluated characteristics of U.S. cases and outbreaks to identify gaps and potential prevention measures for mitigating cyclosporiasis. We assessed Cyclospora data from the Foodborne Diseases Active Surveillance Network (FoodNet) and from the Foodborne Disease Outbreak Surveillance System (FDOSS) collected between 2015 and 2019. There were 1,376 cyclosporiasis cases in FoodNet between 2015 and 2019. Approximately one-fifth (n = 290, 21.1%) reported recent international travel. Most cases occurred in 2018 (n = 334, 24.3%) and 2019 (n = 758, 55.1%). There was strong seasonality, with 1,160 (90.9%) cases in the summer months. Most travelers reported visiting Mexico (n = 182, 62.8%) and Guatemala (n = 25, 8.6%). Approximately two-thirds of FoodNet cases were outbreak associated (n = 987, 71.7%). Of the 79 outbreaks reported to FDOSS, 31 (39.2%) occurred in 2018 and 40 (50.6%) occurred in 2019. Outbreaks tended to occur in spring and summer months (n = 78, 98.7%), The most common age groups among the 2,335 cases with data available included 20–49 years (n = 1,168, 50.0%), 50–74 years (n = 985, 42.2%), and ≥75 years (n = 120, 5.1%). Although direct comparisons between FoodNet and FDOSS are not possible, both datasets indicate that the majority of Cyclospora transmission is domestic and not travel associated, as previously thought. These findings show the need for continued investment in Cyclospora research, including identifying populations that are underrepresented, or at higher risk for cyclosporiasis, and improved understanding of national sources and pathways of infection.
Development of a Diagnostic IgM Antibody Capture ELISA for Detection of Anti-Cache Valley Virus Human IgM
Authors: Goodman Christin , Powers Jordan A. , Mikula Sierra R. , Hughes Holly R. , Biggerstaff Brad J. , Fitzpatrick Kelly , Panella Amanda J. , Machain-Williams Carlos , Lee SeungHwan , Calvert Amanda E. 
Published: November 2024

ABSTRACT.
Cache Valley virus (CVV), a mosquito-borne orthobunyavirus, causes epizootics in ruminants characterized by congenital malformations and fetal death in North America. Only seven human infections have been identified; limited information exists on its potential as a human teratogen. Diagnosis of CVV infections relies on the plaque reduction neutralization test (PRNT), which requires live virus, is time-consuming, and cannot differentiate between recent and past infections. To improve diagnostics for CVV, we developed an IgM antibody capture ELISA (MAC-ELISA) for detection of anti-CVV human IgM in diagnostic specimens that can be performed faster than PRNT and is specific to IgM, which is essential to determine the timing of infection. Conjointly, a cell line constitutively expressing human-murine chimeric antibody with the variable regions of monoclonal antibody CVV-17 and constant regions of human IgM was developed to provide positive control material. The new cell line produced antibody with reactivity in the assay equivalent to that of a human serum sample positive for anti-CVV IgM. Five of seven archived human specimens diagnostically confirmed as CVV positive tested positive in the MAC-ELISA, whereas 44 specimens confirmed positive for another arboviral infection tested negative, showing good initial correlation of the CVV MAC-ELISA. Two of 27 previously collected serum samples from febrile patients in Yucatán, Mexico, who tested negative for a recent flaviviral or alphaviral infection were positive in both the MAC-ELISA and PRNT, indicating a possible recent infection with CVV or related orthobunyavirus. The MAC-ELISA described here will aid in making diagnostics more widely available for CVV in public health laboratories.
Microbiological and Clinical Features of Patients with Cellulitis in Tropical Australia: Disease Severity Assessment and Implications for Clinical Management
Authors: Townend Rory , Smith Simon , Hanson Josh 
Published: November 2024

ABSTRACT.
Australian guidelines for the treatment of cellulitis are informed by data from temperate, metropolitan centers. It is uncertain if these guidelines are equally applicable in tropical Australia, where the population, access to healthcare, and array of potential pathogens are quite different. This retrospective study examined adults admitted to Cairns Hospital in tropical Queensland, Australia, who were treated with intravenous antibiotics for a principal diagnosis of cellulitis in 2019. The study aimed to describe the epidemiological, clinical, and microbiological findings in these cases and the resulting implications for patient management. There were 305 episodes of cellulitis; a potential pathogen was identified in 93/305 (30%), most commonly Staphylococcus aureus (45/93, 48%) or Group A Streptococcus (16/93, 17%). There was one case of Burkholderia pseudomallei. Initial treatment was most commonly with narrow spectrum β-lactam antibiotics with flucloxacillin prescribed in 170/305 (56%) and cefazolin prescribed in 74/305 (26%). Overall, 4/305 (1%) died or were admitted to the intensive care unit (ICU) within 30 days, 123/305 (40%) had an inpatient stay >48 hours, and 63/305 (21%) were readmitted to hospital within 30 days. Every patient who subsequently died or required ICU admission had an elevated early warning score (EWS ≥3) on admission. An EWS ≥3 on admission also predicted an inpatient stay of >48 hours (odds ratio [OR]: 3.2, 95% CI: 1.7–6.0; P <0.001) and 30-day readmission (OR: 2.3, 95% CI: 1.2–4.6; P = 0.01). The etiology of cellulitis in tropical Queensland, Australia, is very similar to that seen in temperate regions, enabling the use of standard management algorithms for patients with cellulitis in the region.
A medial circumflex femoral artery passing anteriorly to the femoral vein: report of a bilateral case
Authors: Toure Tata , Kante Abdoulaye , Ba Babou , Simpara Mamadou , Gaye Magaye , Ongoiba Nouhoum 
Published: November 2024

The passage of the medial circumflex femoral artery anterior to the femoral vein is an extremely rare anatomical variation. It can lead to an iatrogenic arteiovenous fistula after cardiac catheterization. We report here the first bilateral case of passage of the medial circumflex femoral artery anterior to the femoral vein. During a dissection on the femoral trigone in a 73-year-old male cadaver, a medial circumflex femoral artery passing anterior to the femoral vein was observed on both sides. On both sides, it originated from the anteromedial aspect of the femoral artery. It was traveling downwards and inwards. It passed anteriorly to the femoral vein and the pectineus muscle before passing between the latter and the adductor longus muscle. On the left side, it passed above the arc of the great saphenous vein, on the right side, it passed above the junction of the superficial circumflex iliac vein into the femoral vein. The medial femoral circumflex femoral artery passing anteriorly to the femoral is an extremely rare anatomical variation. Knowledge of this variation is important for cardiovascular surgeons during endovascular interventions such as cardiac catheterization as well as for radiologists when performing Doppler ultrasound or CT angiography.
Assessing The Carcinogenic And Non-Carcinogenic Health Risk Of Heavy Metal Contamination In Soils From Ratcon Quarry Site In Ibadan, Sw Nigeria
Authors: O O Adetola , G O Akinyemi , O T Oyediji , O O Adekoya , O H Ayeni 
Published: November 2024

This study estimates the health risks due to the concentration of heavy metals in the soil samples around a quarry near Ibadan, Nigeria. Soil samples were collected in triplicates (three samples collected per sampling point) from ten sampling points in the quarry site and control.
The soil samples were digested for 17 heavy metals (Al, As, Co, Cd, Cr, Cu, Fe, Hg, Mn, Mo, Pb, Sb, Se, Sn, V, and Zn) and quantified using Inductively Coupled Plasma- Optical Emission Spectrometry)- (ICP-OES). Health risk was assessed for metals including hazard quotient (HQ), hazard index (HI) and cancer risk (CR). Data obtained were subjected to descriptive (Mean ±SD) and inferential (Anova) statistics. Results showed that 16 heavy metals were detected, Fe had highest concentration (4354±17.4 mg/kg), followed by Al (1678 ±0.15 mg/kg) and Mn (192±1.29 mg/kg), Cd was not detected. The estimation of non-carcinogenic risks in this study indicated that all identified heavy metals in soils do not pose a non-carcinogenic risk to the health of children and adults. Hazard quotient (HQ) and hazard index (HI) values consistently were less than one (< 1). Also, this study revealed that values of most metals assessed were below 1 × 10-6 lower limit for CR, except for chromium (1.97 X 10-1), which poses a cancer risk in adults.