bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Soil Chemical Characteristics of Organic and Conventional Agriculture
Authors: Aziz Muhammad Abdul , Hazra Fahrizal , Salma Selly , Nursyamsi Dedi Nursyamsi 
Published: August 2018

Use of chemical fertilizers and pesticides on intensive land of both lowland and upland food crops have been shown to increase agricultural productivity significantly. Research aimed to study soil chemical characteristics and soil pesticide residues at some crops of organic and conventional farms. The research was carried out in Laboratory of Soil Chemistry, Indonesian Soil Research Institute and in Laboratory of Agrochemical Residue, Indonesian Agricultural Environment Research Institute, Bogor from February to July 2015. Soil samples at 0-10 cm depth were taken compositely from broccoli (Brassica oleracea), carrots (Daucus carota), maize (Zea mays), and tomatoes (Solanum lycopersicum) farms in Bogor Regency as well as from rice field in Tasikmalaya Regency at both organic and conventional farms. Soil chemical characteristics were analyzed include: soil organic-C (Walkey and Black), total-N (Kjeldahl), potential-P (HCl 25%), available-P (Olsen), potential-K (HCl 25%), available-K (NH4OAc 1 N pH 7), CEC (NH4OAc 1 N pH 7), and pH (soil : water = 1: 5), while pesticide residues included levels of organochlorine (lindane, aldrin, heptaklor, dieldrin, DDT, endosulfan); organophosphates (diazinon, fenitrotin, metidation, paration, profenofos); and carbamates (carbofuran, MIPC, BPMC) in the soil by using Gas Chromatography method. Results showed that levels of soil organic-C, total-N, potential and available-P, potential and available-K, CEC, pH at organic farms were higher than those at conventional farms. Some pesticide residues compound (organochlorines, organophosphates, and carbamates) were detected at conventional farm, while those at organic farm were not detected (trace).Keywords: Conventional farm, organic farm, pesticide residues, soil properties. [How to Cite: Muhammad AA, F Hazra, S Salma and D Nursyamsi. 2016. Soil Chemical Characteristics of Organic and Conventional Agriculture. J Trop Soils 21: 19-25. Doi: 10.5400/jts.2016.21.1.19]
Comparison of risk and protective factors for preterm birth in rural, suburban, and urban Fresno County, California
Authors: Baer Rebecca J. , Lessard Lauren , Jankowska Marta , Anderson James G. , Block Jessica , Chambers Christina D. , Fuchs Jonathan , Kuppermann Miriam , McLemore Monica R. , Newel Gail , Oltman Scott P. , Rogers Elizabeth E. , Ryckman Kelli K. , Steurer Martina A. , Yang Jiue-An , Franck Linda S. , Rand Larry , Jelliffe-Pawlowski Laura L. 
Published: August 2018

Preterm birth (PTB, < 37 weeks’ gestation) may impose lifelong sequelae or death. Fresno County reports the highest rate of PTB in California. A place-based approach investigating local risk factors for PTB may provide important opportunities for intervention and prevention. In this study, we examine risk and protective factors for PTB in rural, suburban, and urban Fresno County, California. The sample was drawn from Fresno County, California singleton births 2007-2012 (n = 81,021). Multivariate models of maternal risk and protective factors for PTB were stratified by rural, suburban, and urban residence. Women with diabetes, hypertension, infection, fewer than three prenatal care visits, previous PTB, interpregnancy interval less than six months, or were of Black race/ethnicity were at increased risk of PTB. The risk of PTB was highest for women residing in rural locations with preeclampsia superimposed on preexisting hypertension (adjusted relative risk (aRR) 5.7, 95% confidence interval (CI) 4.4-7.4). For women living in urban residences, maternal birth in Mexico and overweight body mass index (BMI) offered protection from PTB (aRRs 0.9), whereas participation in the Women, Infants and Children program was protective for women in either urban or rural residences (aRRs 0.8). Public insurance, <12 year of education, underweight BMI, and interpregnancy interval of five years or more were risk factors only for women in urban residences. These findings may provide important opportunities for local intervention.
Knowledge Technology Transfer: A Spatial Analysis within the Triad
Authors: Aldieri Luigi , Faggini Marisa , Vinci Concetto Paolo 
Published: August 2018

The aim of this study is that of further exploring the knowledge spillover effects of Large International firms. In particular, we implement a spatial analysis in United States, Japan and Europe. We use technological vectors of firms to compute Jaffe proximity measure in such a way that we get knowledge externalities relative to different countries. To our end, we estimate the spatial-autoregressive model where we consider also additional endogenous variables. The findings demonstrate the significant positive effect predicted by the core literature about this topic.
A aplicação das ferramentas da qualidade na criação de Procedimentos Operacionais Padronizados em dois restaurantes de meios de hospedagem no Rio de Janeiro
Authors: Do Nascimento Gomes Ana Carolina , Da Silva Victer Ferreira Aylla Roberta , Borges Flávio Henrique , Batista da Silva Elga 
Published: August 2018

O trabalho avaliou as condições higiênico-sanitárias de restaurantes de estabelecimentos da área de hotelaria, propondo a elaboração de POP para a gestão da qualidade das unidades. Foram realizados checklists em dois restaurantes de dois hotéis (meios de hospedagem) localizados no Rio de Janeiro. Em seguida, os checklists foram avaliados e percebeu-se que nenhum dos dois hotéis possuía Procedimentos Operacionais Padronizados (POP), e para tanto foram elaborados um plano de ação e um ciclo PDCA. Na fase de desenvolvimento foi realizado o Plano de Ação que deve servir como base para os POPs, ou seja, para descrever as características de como os procedimentos desenvolvidos devem ser realizados. Foram sugeridos todos os POPs, exceto aquele relacionado ao programa de recolhimento de alimentos por não se aplicar ao tipo de estabelecimentos avaliados. Garantir a qualidade do setor de Alimentos e Bebidas em hotéis é essencial para atender as exigências da legislação sanitária e oferecer alimentos seguros aos hóspedes.
Quantitative Screening Method for Erythromycin and Tylosin in Honey Using RapidFire Mass Spectrometry
Authors: Veach Brian T , Mudalige Thilak K , Barnes Paula J , Baker Chris A 
Published: August 2018

Abstract
Background: Antibiotic resistance and other adverse health issues related to the presence of drug residues in honey are of great concern to the United States, United Kingdom, and many other countries. The majority of quantitative testing methods using mass spectrometry are not capable of performing high-throughput analysis. Furthermore, the methods that are available are labor intensive and time consuming. Objective: There is a need for a rapid quantitative screening method to detect veterinary drug residues in honey for laboratories performing regulatory analysis. Herein is a method that utilizes automated solid-phase extraction that is directly coupled to a mass spectrometer for the screening of two macrolide drug residues, tylosin and erythromycin, in honey. Method: This method utilizes automated solid-phase extraction that is directly coupled to a triple quadrupole mass spectrometer for quantitative analysis. The optimized procedure requires minimal sample preparation, and can extract and analyze a sample on the mass spectrometer in approximately 20 s. Results: A complete method validation procedure was conducted to evaluate the effectiveness and robustness of this quantitative screening method. Quantitative results were within 15% of the target value, and no false positives or negatives were observed. Conclusions: The method validation illustrates that this is a viable screening method for regulatory analysis. Highlights: Complete automated extraction and analysis was performed, which involved minimal labor. Extraction and analytical times were reduced by &gt;98% when compared with conventional methods. Furthermore, accurate quantitative results were generated on both fortified spikes and incurred honey residues.
Determination of Bisphenol A (BPA) in Commercially Packaged Ready-to-Consume Carbonated and Noncarbonated Water and Nonalcoholic Beverages: A Single-Laboratory Validation Study, First Action 2017.15
Authors: Li Siheng , Shippar Jeffrey , Mastovska Katerina 
Published: August 2018

Abstract
Background: Bisphenol A (BPA) is an endocrine-disrupting compound that could migrate to beverages from packaging materials. AOAC INTERNATIONAL issued a call for methods for determination of free BPA in beverages based on the AOAC Standard Method Performance Requirement (SMPR®) 2017.018. Objective: The objective of the single-laboratoryvalidation (SLV) study was to validate a method forthe analysis of BPA in relevant beverages and evaluate its performance characteristics against the AOAC SMPR 2017.18. Methods: The analytical method involves extraction of a beverage sample (10 mL) using 10 mL 1% acetic acid in acetonitrile after the addition of isotopically labeled internal standard. Sodium chloride is added to salt out BPA into the acetonitrile phase. After centrifugation, a freeze-out step is used to remove coextracted lipids. An aliquot of the supernatant upper layer is then analyzed using high-pressure LC coupled to tandem mass spectrometry in electrospray negative ionization mode. Results: Accuracy, repeatability, and intermediate precision were determined by spiking 10 representative nonalcoholic beverage matrixes at three concentration levels. Individual percent recoveries ranged between 76.5 and 113.2%, 86.2 and 114.8%, and 90.9 and 109.3% for thespike levels of 0.3, 1.5, and 20 μg/L, respectively. The repeatability and intermediate precision results were in the range of 0.2–11.3% and 1.8–11.1%, respectively. The LOD was estimated at ≤0.1 μg/L and LOQ was validated at 0.3 μg/L. Conclusions: The validated method performance characteristics met the requirements stated in the AOAC SMPR 2017.018. This method was approved AOAC First Action Official MethodsSM 2017.15.Highlights: SLV study evaluating free BPA at three concentration levels (0.3, 1.5, and 20 μg/L) in 10 types of commercially packaged nonalcoholic beverages (as recommended for themethod validation in the AOAC SMPR 2017.018). Validated method performance characteristics (LOD, LOQ, analytical range, accuracy, and precision) met the AOAC SMPR 2017.018. Method approved as the AOAC First Action Official Method 2017.15.
L’écrit comme pratique de sécuritisation : analyse des évolutions législatives sur la nationalité française
Authors: Perret Sarah 
Published: August 2018

Cet article analyse le rôle de l’écrit législatif dans le processus de « sécuritisation » identitaire en France, en étudiant spécifiquement les évolutions législatives en matière de nationalité depuis la loi de 2003 « relative à la maîtrise de l’immigration, au séjour des étrangers en France et à la nationalité ». Il démontre que la loi, à travers sa dimension écrite et son cadre étatique légitimateur, agit aussi bien au commencement de la sécuritisation que dans sa finalisation. L’étude de la situation d’énonciation législative du corpus des quatre lois ayant fait évoluer les droits et les conditions d’accès à la nationalité française (2003, 2006, 2007, 2011) révèle que la sécuritisation opère un processus de légitimation à partir de mécanismes analogues au concept de « violence symbolique » de Pierre Bourdieu, c’est-à-dire à travers des actes d’énonciation sécuritisants non reconnus comme tels par l’audience.
Sécuritisation et construction d’un complexe de sécurité régional dans la Corne de l’Afrique
Authors: Le Gouriellec Sonia 
Published: August 2018

Comment se forment et se cristallisent les complexes de sécurité régionaux (csr) ? En 2003, B. Buzan et O. Waever avaient présenté la Corne de l’Afrique comme un proto-csr(après avoir été un pré-complexe pendant la guerre froide), mais ils n’avaient pas développé les outils analytiques permettant d’expliquer le passage à uncsrà part entière. Nous montrons que l’émergence d’une puissance régionale, l’Éthiopie, joue un rôle essentiel dans la formation d’uncsr. Cette puissance régionale devient un agent performatif des processus de sécuritisation. Cet article a une ambition empirique et théorique. D’une part, nous démontrons comment un double processus de sécuritisation – de la menace terroriste djihadiste dans la Corne entre 1998 et 2005 et de « l’État failli » somalien – a mené à l’intervention éthiopienne en 2006. Nous analysons ensuite l’aboutissement ducsr.
Sécuritisation et logiques institutionnelles
Authors: Maertens Lucile 
Published: August 2018

Depuis les années 1990, l’Onuproduit et diffuse un discours construisant l’environnement comme une menace contre la sécurité internationale. Ce processus de sécuritisation ne fait toutefois pas l’unanimité au sein d’une organisation internationale composée d’acteurs multiples aux stratégies différenciées. Quels sont les obstacles à la sécuritisation de l’environnement à l’Onu ? Que nous apprennent-ils du processus de sécuritisation ? Comment l’exemple onusien nous renseigne-t-il sur la relation entre sécuritisation et logiques institutionnelles ? Cet article vise à répondre à ces questions à partir du cas de la sécuritisation de l’environnement à l’Onu. Il dévoile les interactions entre logiques institutionnelles et sécuritisation, qu’il étudie à l’aune des obstacles rencontrés dans la construction discursive de la menace, dans la diffusion du cadrage sécuritaire et dans les pratiques de sécuritisation.
Management, Communication, Partnership, and Innovation Factors in Posbindu PTM Implementation Process in Gunung Batu Bogor City
Authors: Parinduri Siti Khodijah , Pujiyanto Pujiyanto 
Published: August 2018

By 2015 the deaths due to PTM are 68% and projected in 2030 to increase to 74%. Indonesia in 2013 based on Riskesdas data shows that 69.6% of diabetes mellitus and 63.2% of hypertension are still undiagnosed. The government's proactive efforts are through the implementation of Posbindu PTM which shows a very different number of visits in the target area of the Pasir Mulya Public Health Center. The purpose of this study is to know more in the description of management, communication, partnership and innovation in the implementation of Posbindu PTM and the factors that determine the results of the evaluation of the implementation of Posbindu PTM. This study is a qualitative study with in-depth interviews, focus group discussions (FGD), document review and observation at two Posbindu PTM with the highest and lowest visits to people with similar characteristics. The results of this study indicate that human resource management is a contributing factor in the implementation of Posbindu PTM, communication and innovation need to be supported by partnership. The implementation of Posbindu PTM is supported by the optimization of management, communication, partnership and innovation factors that are interrelated in improving the successful implementation.
Origami/Kirigami‐Guided Morphing of Composite Sheets
Authors: Cui Jianxun , Poblete Felipe R. , Zhu Yong 
Published: August 2018

AbstractSeveral strategies are recently exploited to transform 2D sheets into desired 3D structures. For example, soft materials can be morphed into 3D continuously curved structures by inducing nonhomogeneous strain. On the other hand, rigid materials can be folded, often by origami/kirigami‐inspired approaches (i.e., flat sheets are folded along predesigned crease patterns). Here, for the first time, combining the two strategies, composite sheets are fabricated by embedding rigid origami/kirigami skeleton with creases into heat shrinkable polymer sheets to create novel 3D structures. Upon heating, shrinkage of the polymer sheets is constrained by the origami/kirigami patterns, giving rise to laterally nonuniform strain. As a result, Gaussian curvature of the composite sheets is changed, and flat sheets are transformed into 3D curved structures. A series of 3D structures are folded using this approach, including cones and truncated pyramids with different base shapes. Flat origami loops are folded into step structures. Tessellation of origami loops is transformed into 3D checkerboard pattern.
The Relationship between the Relative Solvating Power of Electrolytes and Shuttling Effect of Lithium Polysulfides in Lithium–Sulfur Batteries
Authors: Su Chi‐Cheung , He Meinan , Amine Rachid , Chen Zonghai , Amine Khalil 
Published: August 2018

AbstractRelative solvating power, that is, the ratio of the coordination ratios between a solvent and the reference solvent, was used to probe the quantitative structure–activity relationship of electrolyte solvents and the lithium polysulfide (LiPS) dissolution in lithium–sulfur batteries. Internally referenced diffusion‐ordered nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy (IR‐DOSY) was used to determine the diffusion coefficient and coordination ratio, from which the relative solvating power can be easily measured. The higher the relative solvating power of an ethereal solvent, the more severe will be the LiPS dissolution and the lower the coulombic efficiency of the lithium–sulfur battery. A linear relationship was established between the logarithm of relative solvating power of a solvent and the degree of LiPS dissolution, rendering relative solvating power an important parameter in choosing the electrolyte solvent for lithium–sulfur batteries.
Modified dielectric properties of poly(vinylidene fluoride) via 2S fraction of soy protein
Authors: Zheng Zhuoyuan , Li Bin 
Published: August 2018

ABSTRACTSoy protein, as a naturally available resource, has been widely studied as a functional material. Major 7S and 11S fractions of soy protein have drawn the most attention. In contrast, the 2S fraction, a component with low molecular weight, has rarely been explored in material applications. This study investigated the 2S fraction of soy protein as a functional modifier to tune the dielectric properties of poly(vinylidene fluoride) (PVDF). It is found that 2S protein could efficiently modify the crystallinity and crystal phases of PVDF, depending on the concentration of 2S protein. The variation of crystal structures and hydrophobic PVDF–2S interaction led to remarkably altered dielectric properties of PVDF/2S films, evaluated by both ferroelectric hysteresis and impedance analyses. Dielectric polarization of PVDF/2S films was enhanced as the concentration of 2S protein increased; meanwhile, high 2S protein content led to high hysteresis loss, which should be related to the increased electrical conductivity of PVDF/2S films. © 2018 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Appl. Polym. Sci. 2018, 135, 46882.
Preparation and evaluation of anti‐renal fibrosis activity of novel truncated TGF‐β receptor type II
Authors: Liu Haifeng , Zhang Zhongmin , Li Yuting , Wang Xiaoli , Zhang Yufei , Chu Yanhui , Yuan Xiaohuan , Wang Xiaohua 
Published: August 2018

AbstractProduction of excessive transforming growth factor‐beta 1 (TGF‐β1) with elevated TGF‐β1 activity has been implicated in renal fibrosis via renal epithelial cells activation and collagen deposition. As such, attenuating the binding of TGF‐β1 to its receptor TGF‐beta receptor type II (TGF‐βRII) in TGF‐β1‐dependent signaling is an attractive target for the control of renal fibrosis. Here, we verified the interaction between novel truncated human TGF‐βRII (thTβRII, Thr23‐Gln166) and TGF‐β1, prepared thTβRII in Escherichia coli, and assessed the effects of thTβRII on TGF‐β1‐induced human kidney epithelial cells (HK‐2) and unilateral ureteral obstruction (UUO) model of renal fibrosis. Our data showed that thTβRII accounted for up to 20% of the total protein and 40% of the inclusion bodies of whole cell lysates under the optimal conditions (0.8 mM IPTG and 25°C for 6 H). Most of the expressed protein in inclusion body was refolded by dialysis refolding procedures and purified by Ni2+‐IDA affinity chromatography. Furthermore, thTβRII decreased type I collagen and α‐smooth muscle actin protein expression in TGF‐β1‐induced HK‐2 cells, and ameliorated kidney morphology and fibrotic responses in fibrosis animal. These findings indicate that thTβRII holds great promise for developing new treatments for renal fibrosis.
Overexpression, immunodetection, and site‐directed mutagenesis of Anabaena sp. PCC 7120 flavodoxin: A comprehensive laboratory practice on molecular biology
Authors: González Andrés , Fillat María F. 
Published: August 2018

AbstractRecombinant protein expression and site‐directed mutagenesis of target genes have demonstrated an increasing importance in the fields of molecular biology, biochemistry, biotechnology, and medicine. By using the flavodoxin of the model cyanobacterium Anabaena sp. PCC 7120 as a laboratory tool, we designed a comprehensive laboratory practice encompassing several well‐established molecular biology techniques and procedures in order to fulfill two main objectives: (1) overexpression and immunodetection of Anabaena flavodoxin in recombinant Escherichia coli cell extracts, and (2) site‐directed mutagenesis of the Anabaena flavodoxin gene isiB. This lab practice provides undergraduate students the possibility to perform by themselves several essential techniques in the field. With the aid of professors, students are stimulated to think, to interpret, and to discuss the results based on what they had learned in previous theoretical courses. © 2018 by The International Union of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, 46(5):493–501, 2018.
Charging a Liquid Organic Hydrogen Carrier System with H2/CO2 Gas Mixtures
Authors: Jorschick Holger , Bösmann Andreas , Preuster Patrick , Wasserscheid Peter 
Published: August 2018

AbstractLiquid Organic Hydrogen Carrier (LOHC) systems have attracted growing attention in recent years as efficient way to store and transport hydrogen in the existing infrastructures for liquid fuels. This contribution highlights the additional feature that hydrogenation of the LOHC compound dibenzyltoluene with technical relevant H2/CO2 gas mixtures (up to 30 % CO2) gives access to hydrogen purification and hydrogen storage in one single process step. Alumina supported Rh and Pd catalysts proved to be especially suitable for this task. The rhodium catalysts enabled efficient aromatics hydrogenation in the temperature range of 120 °C to 150 °C with moderate methane formation (CH4/CO2<0.1 at 150 °C). The palladium catalyst showed the lowest selectivity to methane formation (CH4/CO2<0.1 at 270 °C) and promising hydrogenation activity at temperatures above 200 °C even in the presence of CO and CO2.