bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Nosebleeds in hereditary hemorrhagic telangiectasia: Development of a patient‐completed daily eDiary
Authors: Clark Marci , Berry Pamela , Martin Susan , Harris Nimanee , Sprecher Dennis , Olitsky Scott , Hoag Jeffrey B. 
Published: November 2018

ObjectiveA prospective, qualitative study was conducted to develop a patient‐reported outcome measure (PROM) for daily administration via electronic diary (eDiary) to assess the severity of nosebleeds in patients with hereditary hemorrhagic telangiectasia (HHT), in accordance with Food and Drug Administration (FDA) PROM guidance criteria.MethodsThree expert clinicians who treat patients with HHT provided input during instrument development, which comprised: 1) Peer‐reviewed literature and instrument review; 2) Development of draft Nosebleed Diary items; 3a) Three rounds of qualitative interviews (two with a paper‐based diary, one with an eDiary) with patients with documented severe epistaxis related to HHT, for concept elicitation and cognitive debriefing; 3b) Face validity and translatability assessment; 3c) Patient evaluation of the usability and acceptability of the eDiary device; and 4) Preparation of the final Nosebleed eDiary and conceptual framework.ResultsNo existing instruments were identified that evaluate HHT‐related nosebleed severity daily and meet FDA PROM guidance criteria. Frequency, duration, and/or speed of flow (i.e., intensity) were reported by most participants with HHT when asked to describe their nosebleed severity. The Nosebleed eDiary was refined based on 17 patient interviews, clinical expert input and the face validity and translatability assessment. The final four‐item eDiary was acceptable to patients with HHT.ConclusionThe Nosebleed eDiary is “fit for purpose” to assess the severity of HHT‐related nosebleeds, and has established face and content validity. Further adaptation may be required for use in mild or moderate HHT populations. Psychometric testing to evaluate construct validity and reliability are recommended next steps.Level of Evidence2c “Outcomes research”
How information processing and mobile channel choice influence product returns: An empirical analysis
Authors: Seeger Marie K. , Kemper Jan , Brettel Malte 
Published: November 2018

AbstractThe mobile internet is starting to overtake the desktop device‐based internet as a purchase channel. Its impact on consumer behavior is therefore increasingly important to understand. This study seeks to understand and measure, if usage of mobile devices for online purchases leads to a lower decision quality and, in effect, to more product returns. In doing so, the impact of information environments on the end‐to‐end consumer purchase decision‐making process is better understood and it is investigated, if the information environment of mobile devices leads consumers to take more error‐prone purchase decisions. An exclusive data set spanning more than 140 million transactions of a European online retailer is used to empirically analyze changes in product return behavior after mobile channel adoption. The results show that mobile channel usage is positively related to product returns, overall and for both, purchases made with mobile devices and purchases made with desktop devices, although prior literature predicts that returns from desktop purchases should not increase. These findings suggest that through new channels, consumers’ information environment is altered sufficiently to affect their decision accuracy. Moreover, the results indicate that previous research may be overestimating the positive effect of mobile channel adoption on sales by disregarding changes in product return behavior.
Orexin supplementation in narcolepsy treatment: A review
Authors: Nepovimova Eugenie , Janockova Jana , Misik Jan , Kubik Stepan , Stuchlik Ales , Vales Karel , Korabecny Jan , Mezeiova Eva , Dolezal Rafael , Soukup Ondrej , Kobrlova Tereza , Pham Ngoc Lam , Nguyen Thuy Duong , Konecny Jan , Kuca Kamil 
Published: November 2018

AbstractNarcolepsy is a rare, chronic neurological disease characterized by excessive daytime sleepiness, cataplexy, vivid hallucinations, and sleep paralysis. Narcolepsy occurs in approximately 1 of 3000 people, affecting mainly adolescents aged 15 to 30 years. Recently, people with narcolepsy were shown to exhibit extensive orexin/hypocretin neuronal loss. The orexin system regulates sleep/wake control via complex interactions with monoaminergic, cholinergic and GABA‐ergic neuronal systems. Currently, no cure for narcolepsy exists, but some symptoms can be controlled with medication (eg, stimulants, antidepressants, etc). Orexin supplementation represents a more sophisticated way to treat narcolepsy because it addresses the underlying cause of the disease and not just the symptoms. Research on orexin supplementation in the treatment of sleep disorders has strongly increased over the past two decades. This review focuses on a brief description of narcolepsy, the mechanisms by which the orexin system regulates sleep/wake cycles, and finally, possible therapeutic options based on orexin supplementation in animal models and patients with narcolepsy.
Body Mass Index as a Determinant of Systemic Exposure to Gallotannin Metabolites during 6‐Week Consumption of Mango (Mangifera indica L.) and Modulation of Intestinal Microbiota in Lean and Obese Individuals
Authors: Barnes Ryan C. , Kim Hyemee , Fang Chuo , Bennett William , Nemec Matthew , Sirven Maritza A. , Suchodolski Jan S. , Deutz Nicolaas , Britton Robert A. , Mertens‐Talcott Susanne U. , Talcott Stephen T. 
Published: November 2018

ScopeThis human clinical pilot trial investigated pharmacokinetics of gallotannin‐metabolites and modulation of intestinal microbiota in healthy lean and obese individuals after 6 weeks of daily mango consumption.Methods and resultsParticipants are divided into three groups: Lean Mango (LM: n = 12; BMI = 22.9 kg m−2), Obese Mango (OM: n = 9; BMI = 34.6 kg m−2), and Lean Control (LC: n = 11; BMI = 22.1 kg m−2). LM and OM consumed 400 g of mango per day for 6 weeks. LC consumed mango only on Days 0 and 42. After 6 weeks, LM experienced increased systemic exposure (AUC0–8h) to gallotannin‐metabolites, 1.4‐fold (p = 0.043). The greatest increase is 4‐O‐methyl‐gallic acid, 3.3‐fold (p = 0.0026). Cumulative urinary excretion of gallotannin‐metabolites significantly increased in LM and OM, but not LC. For OM, qPCR data show increased levels of tannase‐producing Lactococcus lactis and decreased levels of Clostridium leptum and Bacteroides thetaiotaomicron, bacteria associated with obesity. LM experienced an increased trend of fecal levels of butyric (1.3‐fold; p = 0.09) and valeric acids (1.5‐fold; p = 0.056). Plasma endotoxins showed a decreased trend in LM and OM.ConclusionContinuous mango intake significantly increased systemic exposure to gallotannin‐ metabolites and induced an increased trend for fecal short‐chain fatty acids in lean but not obese individuals. This pharmacokinetic discrepancy may result in BMI‐associated reduced gallotannin‐derived health benefits.
The dimensionality of suicidal ideation and its clinical implications
Authors: Baertschi Marc , Costanza Alessandra , Canuto Alessandra , Weber Kerstin 
Published: November 2018

AbstractObjectivesNo consensus has been reached regarding the theoretical dimensions underlying the Scale for Suicide Ideation (SSI) and Beck's Scale for Suicide Ideation (BSI), widely used in research and clinical practice. This undermines the understanding and management of suicidal behavior.MethodsThe factor structure of the SSI and the BSI was investigated in 201 patients visiting the emergency department of the Geneva University Hospital, Switzerland, for suicidal ideation or a suicide attempt.ResultsExploratory factor analyses (EFAs) identified a unique theoretical dimension. Item removal based on analyses of communalities improved the explained part of variance in both scales. A joint factor analysis provided results very similar to those yielded by initial EFAs.ConclusionsThe single factor underlying the SSI and the BSI was composed of items encompassing a construct of suicide desire. Nonretained items corresponded to other elements of suicidal behavior (e.g., plans and preparations regarding the upcoming suicide attempt). These scales could not discriminate between suicide ideators and suicide attempters.
Simultaneous estimation of PD, T1, T2, T2*, and ∆B0 using magnetic resonance fingerprinting with background gradient compensation
Authors: Hong Taehwa , Han Dongyeob , Kim Dong‐Hyun 
Published: November 2018

PurposeThis study aims to estimate PD, T1, T2, T2*, and B0 simultaneously using magnetic resonance fingerprinting (MRF) with compensation of the linearly varying background field.MethodsMRF based on fast imaging with steady‐state precession (FISP) and multi‐echo spoiled gradient (SPGR) schemes are alternatively used, which encode T2 and T2*, respectively. Simulations are performed to determine the appropriate ratio of the FISP and SPGR sections with respect to the T2 and T2* accuracy. Additionally, background field inhomogeneity (Gz) compensation using z‐shim gradients are incorporated into the SPGR section and the dictionary. The background field compensation is tested in the phantom experiment under well‐shimmed and poor‐shimmed conditions. An in vivo experiment is performed and the estimated parameters are compared before and after Gz compensation.ResultsThe T1, T2, and T2* values from the phantom results are in good agreement with the reference methods under well‐shimmed condition. The underestimated T2 and T2* values under poor‐shimmed condition are recovered by Gz compensation and the parameters are also in good agreement with the reference methods. In the human brain, T2 and T2* values are restored by Gz compensation in regions where the magnetic field is particularly inhomogeneous, such as near the sinus and ear canals.ConclusionsThe proposed FISP and SPGR combined MRF provides a simultaneous estimation of PD, T1, T2, T2*, and B0. By incorporating field inhomogeneity as a gradient term into both the sequence and dictionary, T2 and T2* values can be restored where field inhomogeneity exists.
Phase‐contrast single‐point imaging with synchronized encoding: a more reliable technique for in vitro flow quantification
Authors: Bruschewski Martin , Kolkmannn Hanna , John Kristine , Grundmann Sven 
Published: November 2018

PurposeThe purpose of this study is to provide a standard method for flow velocity measurements with phase‐contrast (PC) MRI. This method can be used for in vitro studies that place high demands on measurement accuracy. Clinically relevant PC MRI techniques can be validated using this method before being applied in vivo.MethodsMany motion‐related errors in PC MRI, particularly flow misregistration, depend on the timing of the encoding gradients in the pulse sequence. By synchronizing all encoding gradients and shortening the overall encoding interval, these errors can be significantly reduced. Based on this concept, a single‐point PC MRI method is proposed.ResultsFlow experiments were conducted in vitro. No considerable errors were found in the velocity data of the proposed method. For comparison, a conventional PC MRI technique showed up to 100% local velocity deviation and up to 35% flow rate deviation in the same experiments.ConclusionsWith the proposed method, the overall measurement accuracy is significantly increased compared to conventional PC MRI techniques. Due to long acquisition times and high specific absorption rates, this method can only be applied in vitro.
Fully coupled hydraulic fracture simulation using the improved element partition method
Authors: Peng Shujun , Zhang Zhennan , Mou Jianye , Zhao Bing , Liu Zhiyuan , Wang Jiading 
Published: November 2018

SummaryThe improved element partition method (IEPM) is a newly developed fracture simulation approach. IEPM allows a fracture to run across an element without introducing extra degrees of freedom. It can also simulate any number of fractures in a prescribed mesh without remeshing. In this study, the IEPM is extended to hydraulic fracture simulation. First, the seepage and volumetric storage matrix of a cracked element are derived using virtual nodes (the intersection points of a crack with element edges). Subsequently, the fully coupled hydromechanical equation is derived for this cracked element. To eliminate the extra degrees of freedom (virtual nodal quantities), the water pressure and displacement of the virtual nodes are associated with their adjacent nodes through least squares interpolation. Finally, the fully coupled equation in terms of nodal quantities is obtained. The verification cases validate the method. By using this method, the field‐scale hydraulic fracturing process is well simulated. The proposed approach is simple and efficient for field‐scale hydraulic fracture simulation.
Glucagon infusion alters the hyperpolarized 13C‐urea renal hemodynamic signature
Authors: Qi Haiyun , Mariager Christian Østergaard , Nielsen Per Mose , Schroeder Marie , Lindhardt Jakob , Nørregaard Rikke , Klein Janet D. , Sands Jeff M. , Laustsen Christoffer 
Published: November 2018

Renal urea handling is central to the urine concentrating mechanism, and as such the ability to image urea transport in the kidney is an important potential imaging biomarker for renal functional assessment. Glucagon levels associated with changes in dietary protein intake have been shown to influence renal urea handling; however, the exact mechanism has still to be fully understood. Here we investigate renal function and osmolite distribution using [13C,15N] urea dynamics and 23Na distribution before and 60 min after glucagon infusion in six female rats.Glucagon infusion increased the renal [13C,15N] urea mean transit time by 14%, while no change was seen in the sodium distribution, glomerular filtration rate or oxygen consumption. This change is related to the well‐known effect of increased urea excretion associated with glucagon infusion, independent of renal functional effects. This study demonstrates for the first time that hyperpolarized 13C‐urea enables monitoring of renal urinary excretion effects in vivo.
Food Insecurity is Associated with Maladaptive Eating Behaviors and Objectively Measured Overeating
Authors: Stinson Emma J. , Votruba Susanne B. , Venti Colleen , Perez Marisol , Krakoff Jonathan , Gluck Marci E. 
Published: November 2018

ObjectiveThe association between food insecurity and obesity may be partially explained by overeating in response to unpredictable food availability cycles. The aim of this study was to measure objective food intake in food‐insecure individuals.MethodsEighty‐two volunteers (53 m; BMI 29 ± 7; 38 ± 12 years) were admitted to our inpatient Clinical Research Unit and completed the Food Security Short Form, Three‐Factor Eating Questionnaire, Gormally Binge Eating Scale, and body composition assessment (dual‐energy x‐ray absorptiometry). After 5 days of a weight‐maintaining diet, participants self‐selected food from an ad libitum vending machine paradigm for 3 days. Mean daily intake (kilocalories), macronutrient intake, and percentage of weight‐maintaining energy needs (%WMEN) were calculated.ResultsBased on Food Security Short Form cutoffs, food‐insecure participants (n = 46; 56%) had higher body weight (P = 0.04), fat‐free mass (P = 0.05), disinhibition (P = 0.008), hunger (P = 0.02), and binge‐eating scores (P = 0.02) but not cognitive restraint (P = 0.37) compared with food‐secure individuals. They overate more kilocalories (P = 0.001), %WMEN (P = 0.003), fat (P = 0.003), and carbohydrates (P = 0.004) during the vending machine paradigm, continued to increase their hourly rate of kilocalories (group × time; β = 37.7 cumulative kcal/h; P < 0.0001), and ate more total kilocalories across the 72 hours (β = 47.09 kcal/h; P = 0.003).ConclusionsFood insecurity may amplify susceptibility to weight gain via overeating during times of unlimited food access.
A Subject Deferred: Exposure and Erasure in an Ethnographic Archive
Authors: Fisher Daniel 
Published: November 2018

ABSTRACTFrom as early as the late 1970s anthropologists and ethnomusicologists have been both analysts of and advocates for institutional worlds of Aboriginal art and media. Keenly aware of the Faustian character ascribed to the Indigenous embrace of media, and attuned to the ironies of its governmental subvention, such work of necessity took shape in dialogue with specific institutional possibilities and Australian anxieties. This paper revisits the historical coordinates of Indigenous media research in the age of social media, exploring the relationship between institutional representation and recognition, and the avatars and memes afforded by contemporary social media platforms. Drawing from an ethnographic archive of online media, the essay seeks to better understand the dissimulation and self‐erasure these artefacts entail.
Efficient Synthesis of the N‐(buta‐2,3‐dienyl)carboxamide of Isopimaric Acid and the Potential of This Compound towards Heterocyclic Derivatives of Diterpenoids
Authors: Gromova Marya A. , Kharitonov Yurii V. , Bagryanskaya Irina Yu. , Shults Elvira E. 
Published: November 2018

AbstractThe N‐(2,3‐butadienyl)carboxamide of isopimaric acid, that is, compound 3, was prepared through a two‐step synthetic procedure starting from the natural diterpene isopimaric acid. The Pd‐catalyzed cross‐coupling and subsequent cyclization of terpenoid allene 3 with several aryl iodides and aryl bromides gave access to optically active diterpenoid–oxazoline derivatives in good to excellent yields. The functional group tolerance in the aryl iodides was demonstrated by several examples, including substrates with additional N‐tert‐butoxycarbonyl‐protected amino, hydroxy, and carboxy substituents in the ortho position. The cross‐coupling–cyclization reaction of those compounds with allene 3 proceeded selectively with the formation of cyclization products on the substituent in the aromatic ring. This transformation opens a potential route to the synthesis of hybrid compounds containing a tricyclic diterpenoid and several heterocycles.
Fc‐binding proteins enhance autoantibody‐induced BP180 depletion in pemphigoid
Authors: Iwata Hiroaki , Kamaguchi Mayumi , Ujiie Hideyuki , Ujiie Inkin , Natsuga Ken , Nishie Wataru , Shimizu Hiroshi 
Published: November 2018

AbstractImmunoglobulins (Igs) consist of two antigen‐binding regions (Fab) and one constant region (Fc). Protein A and protein G are bacterial proteins used for the purification of IgG by virtue of their high affinities for the Fc fragment. Rheumatoid factors are autoantibodies against IgG Fc fragments, which are present in the body under physiological conditions. Little is known about the influence of Fc‐binding proteins on the pathogenicity of antibody‐induced autoimmune diseases. Pemphigoid diseases are a group of autoimmune subepidermal blistering disorders that includes bullous pemphigoid and mucous membrane pemphigoid. IgGs targeting the non‐collagenous NC16A domain of the 180‐kDa bullous pemphigoid antigen (BP180) are known to induce skin fragility in mice and the depletion of BP180 in keratinocytes. In this study, mAb against NC16A in combination with Fc‐binding proteins was found to enhance BP180 depletion. Although mAb against the C‐terminus of BP180 does not show pathogenicity in vivo or in vitro, mAb treatment with Fc‐binding proteins clearly induced skin fragility in mice and BP180 depletion in keratinocytes. Anti‐BP180 mAbs and Fc‐binding proteins were colocalized in the cytoplasm and at the basement membrane zone. Cell adhesion strengths were decreased in parallel with BP180 amounts. Clinically, bullous pemphigoid patients had higher rheumatoid factor titers than controls. Anti‐BP180 mAb in combination with high‐titer rheumatoid factor serum was found to enhance BP180 depletion. Furthermore, saliva from mucous membrane pemphigoid patients contained larger quantities of bacteria and Fc‐binding proteins than controls. Our results suggest that Fc‐binding proteins (rheumatoid factor or protein G) may enhance the pathogenicity of autoantibodies in pemphigoid diseases. Copyright © 2018 Pathological Society of Great Britain and Ireland. Published by John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Recent advances in breast cancer research impacting clinical diagnostic practice
Authors: McCart Reed Amy E , Kalita‐De Croft Priyakshi , Kutasovic Jamie R , Saunus Jodi M , Lakhani Sunil R 
Published: November 2018

AbstractDuring the last decade, the genomics revolution has driven critical advances in molecular oncology and pathology, and a deeper appreciation of heterogeneity that is beginning to reshape our thinking around diagnostic classification. Recent developments have seen existing classification systems modified and improved where possible, gene‐based diagnostics implemented and tumour–immune interactions modulated. We present a detailed discussion of this progress, including advances in the understanding of breast tumour classification, e.g. mixed ductal–lobular tumours and the spectrum of triple‐negative breast cancer. The latest information on clinical trials and the implementation of gene‐based diagnostics, including MammaPrint and Oncotype Dx and others, is synthesised, and emerging targeted therapies, as well as the burgeoning immuno‐oncology field, and their relevance in breast cancer, are discussed. Copyright © 2018 Pathological Society of Great Britain and Ireland. Published by John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Using the Patient‐Reported Outcomes Measurement Information System (PROMIS) to measure symptom burden reported by patients with brain tumors
Authors: Lai Jin‐Shei , Kupst Mary Jo , Beaumont Jennifer L. , Manley Peter E. , Chang John Han‐Chih , Hartsell William F. , Kwok Young , Fisher Allison Piazza , Goldman Stewart 
Published: November 2018

AbstractBackgroundChildren with brain tumors can experience symptom burden throughout their disease continuum. The aim of the study was to evaluate symptom burden reported by children with brain tumors and factors that potentially were associated with their symptoms.MethodsData from 199 children with brain tumors aged 7–22 (mean age = 14 years; 52% males; 76% white) were analyzed. Symptom burden was assessed using the Patient‐Reported Outcomes Measurement Information System (PROMIS) via computerized adaptive testing (CAT)—anxiety, depression, fatigue, mobility, upper extremity function, peer relationship, and cognition. Patients and parents completed Symptom Distress Scales (SDS). Test statistics and ANOVA were used to evaluate relationships between PROMIS measures and potentially influential variables.ResultsSignificant results (P < 0.01) showing impact of symptom burden included: PROMIS measures correlated with SDSs reported by patients and parents on all comparisons. Fatigue, mobility, and upper extremity function were associated with Karnofsky functional performance status, number of treatment modalities (0–3), and time since last treatment (≤1 year, >1 year). Fatigue and cognition were associated with educational program (regular classroom without an individualized education plan vs those that had an individualized education plan); mobility and upper extremity function were associated with time since last radiation. Mobility, upper extremity function, and anxiety were associated with time since last chemotherapy.ConclusionsSignificant associations were found between PROMIS and SDS as well as clinical and demographic characteristics. Brief‐yet‐precise PROMIS CATs can be used to systematically assess symptom burden experienced by children with brain tumors.