bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The Shocking Power Sources of LINERs∗
Authors: Molina Mallory , Eracleous Michael , Barth Aaron J. , Maoz Dan , Runnoe Jessie C. , Ho Luis C. , Shields Joseph C. , Walsh Jonelle L. 
Published: September 2018

Abstract
The majority of low-ionization nuclear emission-line regions (LINERs) harbor supermassive black holes with very low accretion rates. However, the accretion flows do not produce enough ionizing photons to power the emission lines emitted on scales of ∼100 pc, and therefore additional sources of power are required. We present and analyze Hubble Space Telescope spectra of three nearby luminous LINERs that are spatially resolved on scales of ≲9 pc. The targets have multiple indicators of an accreting black hole, as well as a deficient ionizing photon budget. We measure diagnostic emission line ratios as a function of distance from the nucleus and compare them to models for different excitation mechanisms: shocks, photoionization by the accreting black hole, and photoionization by young or old hot stars. We also consider the kinematics of the line-emitting gas, as revealed by the widths and shifts of the emission lines. We conclude that, in LINERs with low-luminosity active nuclei, shocks by jets or other outflows are crucial in exciting the gas in and around the nucleus, as suggested by other authors. The physical model that best describes our targets comprises a low-luminosity, accretion-powered active nucleus that photoionizes the gas within ∼20 pc of the galaxy center, and shock excitation of the gas at larger distances.
Toward a Quantitative Model for Simulation and Forecast of Solar Energetic Particle Production during Gradual Events. I. Magnetohydrodynamic Background Coupled to the SEP Model
Authors: Borovikov D. , Sokolov I. V. , Roussev I. I. , Taktakishvili A. , Gombosi T. I. 
Published: September 2018

Abstract
Solar energetic particles (SEPs) are an important aspect of space weather. SEP events possess a high destructive potential, since they may cause disruptions of communication systems on Earth and be fatal to crew members on board spacecraft and, in extreme cases, harmful to people on board high-altitude flights. However, currently the research community lacks efficient tools to predict such a hazardous threat and its potential impacts. Such a tool is a first step for mankind to improve its preparedness for SEP events and ultimately to be able to mitigate their effects. The main goal of the presented research effort is to develop a computational tool that will have the forecasting capability and can serve as an operational system that will provide live information on the current potential threats posed by SEP based on the observations of the Sun. In the present paper we discuss the fundamentals of magnetohydrodynamical simulations to be employed as a critical part of the desired forecasting system.
Global correlates of diversity in aquatic subterranean fauna
Authors: Martinez Alejandro , Fontaneto Diego 
Published: September 2018

Subterranean aquatic systems are island-like habitats spread all over the world consisting of many caves linked by a common geological history but displaying different ecological parameters (e.g. distance to the sea, topography, depth). Therefore, they comprise numerous, discrete, and varied entities that facilitate independent colonization events by epigean biota, providing many replicates of comparable evolutionary processes. The data produced over the past 100 years of research collectively indicates that subterranean aquatic systems harbor a high percentage of local endemism and disharmonic animal communities when comparing them to surrounding epigean environments. However, it remains unclear whether those are general trends, or whether confounding effects such as sampling bias may produce misleading results. We investigate these two problems by analyzing a global dataset of ca. 50,000 records for ca. 4,000 species in 2,000 caves with two goals.

We search for global correlates of diversity in cave aquatic animals by testing the effect of ecological and geological parameters on the number of species, species composition and functional diversity in each cave and subterranean system;
We account for the influence of sampling intensity on the analyses by including the number of samples and number of published papers explicitly in the analyses.

We search for global correlates of diversity in cave aquatic animals by testing the effect of ecological and geological parameters on the number of species, species composition and functional diversity in each cave and subterranean system;
We account for the influence of sampling intensity on the analyses by including the number of samples and number of published papers explicitly in the analyses.
The highest species diversity was found in the Caribbean and Mediterranean basins: two areas with many caves covering a wide range of ecological conditions, as both basins include marine, anchialine and freshwater subterranean habitats. However, the number of papers per area explained a high proportion of the variation observed of our data, with a taxonomical bias favoring crustaceans. Our results indicate that sampling bias should be carefully considered when drawing conclusions from large-scale analyses, and that we still need further sampling, especially in groups different to crustaceans, to better understand the generality of the processes driving global patterns in subterranean biodiversity.
Des références partagées pour des alternatives au placement du bébé en danger
Authors: Lecaplain Patrick , Faligot Anne , Langouet Christine , Le Bechecceline Céline , Le Page Moine Catherine , Rodriguez Katia , Guegan Emmanuel 
Published: September 2018

Un groupe de recherche exploratoire, formé lors d’une recherche-action menée par le département d’Ille-et-Vilaine et Askoria, a engagé une réflexion sur « l’accompagnement des enfants et de leurs parents de la grossesse à l’âge de 2 ans ». Son objectif visait à construire des références praxéologiques qui, dans des situations de danger avéré pour le bébé, doivent permettre d’envisager des alternatives à son placement. L’enjeu est de constituer un langage commun entre des professionnels de différents secteurs d’activité afin d’orienter, de manière référencée, les pratiques professionnelles.
Accompagnement en pmi des mères et bébés sans-papiers. Nouveaux enjeux et nouveaux défis
Authors: Davoudian Christine 
Published: September 2018

Nous rencontrons dans nos lieux de soins de plus en plus de femmes enceintes, des mères et bébés issus de parcours migratoires chaotiques et confrontés ici à des situations d’extrême précarité et souvent d’errance. Leur avenir est peu lisible du fait de leur situation « hors champ social » en l’absence de titre de séjour. Les conditions de vie très précaires sans véritables solutions concrètes et les violences qui ont émaillé le parcours d’exil auront des effets sur la vie psychique des jeunes mères et des bébés, en particulier dans ce moment sensible de la construction des premiers liens. Les professionnels peuvent être mis à mal par cette clinique singulière qui vient bousculer leur cadre et les modalités de travail habituels. Ces situations doivent donc entrer dans le champ de nos pensées et nous permettre de revoir nos modalités d’accueil et d’accompagnement pour répondre aux nouveaux défis et enjeux posés par cette clinique à l’épreuve du politique.
Plaidoyer pour une fonction pare-excitante dans les soins aux bébés et jeunes enfants
Authors: Abadie Isabelle 
Published: September 2018

D’une façon générale, les professionnel(le)s de la petite enfance constatent une augmentation des manifestations (voire difficultés) comportementales chez de jeunes enfants agités, énervés, au sommeil fragile, difficiles à canaliser d’un point de vue éducatif. Dans le même temps, nous observons, au sein de familles dites « ordinaires », c’est-à-dire sans psychopathologie parentale, des modifications dans les pratiques de maternage et d’éducation. La tendance est celle d’une grande stimulation des bébés de la part de parents, peut-être soucieux du bon développement et de la précocité des nourrissons, et sûrement très désireux de faire au mieux dans une relation source d’un grand plaisir auprès d’enfants fortement investis. Notre propos est de souligner que si l’excitation psychique est consubstantielle de la rencontre avec la vie, elle peut être source de vulnérabilités en lien avec des défauts de mise en place d’une fonction pare-excitante. Il semble que les parents soient soumis à des messages paradoxaux qui influent sur les modes de maternage.
L’économie monastique et le travail
Authors: Pons Benoît-Joseph 
Published: September 2018

Face aux questions actuelles concernant le travail, comme sa raréfaction ou le chômage, l’économie monastique, vue comme une économie alternative, peut aider à imaginer des réponses. Cette dernière repose sur deux concepts majeurs, la dés-appropriation et l’économie des besoins. Ces derniers conduisent à des styles de vie spécifiques adoptés par les moines et moniales : la disjonction entre travail et rémunération, la non-compétition pour les postes prestigieux, le renoncement au pouvoir sur les personnes, la sobriété heureuse. Dans ces conditions, le travail n’est plus une activité aliénante nécessaire à l’obtention des ressources vitales, mais une activité utile au développement de la personne. Cela devient un droit pour chaque personne, selon ses capacités, pour sa valeur intrinsèque et non pour la rémunération qu’il génère.
La France contre les droits de l’Homme ? La difficile ratification par la France de la Convention européenne des droits de l’Homme (1950-1974)
Authors: Bonino Pauline 
Published: September 2018

Nous proposons d’étudier à grands traits les raisons pour lesquelles la France a mis vingt-cinq ans, entre 1950 et 1974, à ratifier la Convention européenne des droits de l’Homme, dans le cadre du Conseil de l’Europe, alors même qu’elle était l’un des pays les plus favorables à sa mise en œuvre lors de sa rédaction. Nous nous sommes surtout attachés à montrer que les motivations principales sont bien moins d’ordre juridique que politique, le plus souvent liées à la politique intérieure française ainsi qu’aux contextes juridique national et international. L’histoire de la ratification de ce texte est riche car on peut esquisser à travers elle une certaine histoire politique et juridique de la France, retracer l’évolution des mentalités juridiques et de la société en général.
The role of 3D echocardiographic imaging in the differential diagnosis of an atypical left atrial myxoma
Authors: Galzerano Domenico , Pragliola Claudio , Al Admawi Mohamed , Mallardo Mario , Di Michele Sara , Gaudio Carlo 
Published: September 2018

We describe a case of a left atrial myxoma atypical for its anatomical features and site of attachment. Although an initial multimodality imaging was performed, the diagnosis of myxoma was possible only by three dimensional echocardiography (3DE) which was able to identify the pedicle and the attachment at the base of the interatrial septum, close to the origin of right inferior pulmonary vein. In fact the 3DE can electronically section the structures and obtain unique planes useful in visualizing correctly the anatomical features of the myxomas and as a result, it facilitates the surgical decision planning. Even the anatomical appearance was uncommon at surgery and the diagnosis could be confirmed only by pathology.Â This case highlights the diagnostic ability of the 3DE in similar challenging scenarios.Â
Catheter-Directed Treatment for Pulmonary Embolism in Light of Current Evidence
Authors: Ahmed Osman , Shadid Alexandria 
Published: September 2018

Pulmonary embolism (PE) is the leading cause of in-hospital morbidity and mortality and accounts for approximately 100,000 deaths in the United States and 300,000 deaths in Europe annually. Although societal guidelines for low- and high-risk PE are well established, the present management of submassive (intermediate)-risk PE is evolving. Catheter-directed thrombolysis (CDT) represents a viable treatment option for treatment of submassive PE given its ability to rapidly reduce right heart strain with an acceptably low rate of major hemorrhagic complication. The current review aims to discuss the existing guidelines and literature supporting CDT for PE and also to examine upcoming areas of future research to support its adoption in the algorithm for the management of submassive PE.
La interculturalidad y la comunicación intercultural: consolidando el Buen Vivir de los Pueblos
Authors: Montoya Ortega Yulmar Runel 
Published: September 2018

La interculturalidad ha constituido una dinámica de vida en construcción que permite el posicionamiento de la sociedad enmarcada en el respeto, promoción, intercambio equitativo e igualitario que se materializa mediante la armonía y los momentos colectivos que construyen el Buen Vivir y el Vivir Bien de los pueblos; una práctica para la construcción de un mundo equitativo. La Interculturalidad y la Comunicación Intercultural se ha concebido mediante la convivencia, interacción, acción de compartir valores, modo de establecer vínculos y relaciones entre las personas de diferentes culturas, como un elemento de unidad en la diversidad y el fortalecimiento de las identidades multiculturales que habitan los indígenas y afrodescendientes de Abya Yala. En pleno siglo XXI el abordaje de la interculturalidad se ha convertido en un desafío para quienes la ven como un recurso discursivo o político, pues desde la lógica de los pueblos más que un concepto; es una forma de convivencia de y para la vida, permitiendo el acompañamiento de los ancestros, quienes guían el caminar y el vivir de cada cultura. Si bien es cierto, hay quienes han adoptado la interculturalidad como un discurso político; incluidos gobiernos, Estados, organizaciones e instituciones educativas que no entienden la esencia de la misma, pero que lo parafrasean con amplio dominio.
Estructura y composición florística del Bosque Húmedo Tropical de la Comunidad de San Jerónimo
Authors: Padilla Henry Adnel , Kandler Bendlis Loncy , Guadamuz Noe 
Published: September 2018

La biodiversidad forestal es uno de los tópicos más importantes para el manejo forestal sostenible. En el 2015, se realizó un inventario forestal aplicando la metodología de Dauber (1995), en la comunidad de San Jerónimo, río Coco, con el propósito de conocer los aspectos florísticos, estructurales, los índices de biodiversidad y proponer alternativas de manejo forestal sostenible. Se encontró una riqueza florística de 45 familias, 82 géneros y 88 especies. Las familias más representativas fueron Moraceae y Fabaceae. El coeficiente de mezcla fue de (1:3), índice de Shannon (3.84), e índice de Simpson (0.97), lo cual indica una riqueza y heterogeneidad alta. El 86.87% de los individuos registrados se agrupó en la clase diamétrica inferior a 39.9 cm y el 61.71% de los individuos se encuentra en el estrato medio presentando alturas entre 11 y 20.9 m. Las especies más importante dentro del bosque de acuerdo con el IVI fueron Dialium guianense (aubl) Steud con 35.09 y Tetragastris panamensis Kuntzecon 27.84. Se proponen tres alternativas de manejo forestal bajo el modelo de forestería comunitaria: i).-Ordenamiento forestal, ii).-Aprovechamiento forestal y iii).-Modelo de gestión para Pagos por Servicios ambientales.
Physical, mechanical and energy characterization of wood pellets obtained from three common tropical species
Authors: Artemio Carrillo Parra , Maginot Ngangyo Heya , Serafín Colín-Urieta , Rahim Foroughbakhch Pournavab , José Guadalupe Rutiaga Quiñones , Fermín Correa-Méndez 
Published: September 2018

Background
The need for energy sources with low greenhouse gas emissions and sustainable production encourages the search for alternative biomass sources. However, the use of biomass fuels faces the problem of storage, transport and lower energy densities. Low-density values can negatively affect energy density, leading to an increase in transportation and storage costs. Use of pellets as alternative biomass source is a way to reduce the volume of biomass by densification, which improves their energy quality. They are produced by diverse biomass resources and mainly from wood materials. In all cases, it is important to evaluate the fuel characteristics, to determine their suitability on the heating system and handling properties.

Methods
The present study determines and compares data from proximate analysis, calorific values, physical and mechanical properties of wood pellets produced from the common tropical species Acacia wrightii, Ebenopsis ebano and Havardia pallens. Data were obtained from pellets produced from each species chips collected from an experimental plantation and analyzed through ANOVA and Kruskal–Wallis test at 0.05 significance level.

Results
The results of diameter, length and length/diameter ratio didn’t show statistical differences (p > 0.05) among species. Acacia wrightii showed the highest density (1.2 g/cm3). Values on weight retained and compression test showed statistical differences (p = 0.05) among species. Havardia pallens was more resistant to compression strength than A. wrightii and Ebenopsis ebano. Statistical differences (p < 0.01) were also observed for the volatile matter and calorific value. E. ebano has the lowest volatile matter (72%), highest calorific value (19.6 MJ/kg) as well as the fixed carbon (21%).

Discussion
The pellets of the species studied have a high energy density, which makes them suitable for both commercial and industrial heating applications.A pellet with low compression resistance tends to disintegrate easily, due to moisture adsorption. The percentages obtained for the resistance index were higher than 97.5%, showing that the pellets studied are high-quality biofuels. Proximate analysis values also indicate good combustion parameters. Pellets of Acacia wrightii and Ebenopsis ebano are the more favorable raw material sources for energy purposes because of their high density, calorific value, low ash content and they also met majority of the international quality parameters.
High‐Temperature‐Triggered Thermally Degradable Electronics Based on Flexible Silicon Nanomembranes
Authors: Li Gongjin , Song Enming , Huang Gaoshan , Guo Qinglei , Ma Fei , Zhou Bin , Mei Yongfeng 
Published: September 2018

AbstractAn advanced transient approach enables the sudden degradation and subsequent disappearance of device‐grade electronic systems on a temporary platform with limited remains over a desired period for long‐term stable operation. To satisfy the requirements for flexible devices in transient electronics capable of working at high temperature, transient Si‐nanomembrane (Si‐NM) electronics integrated with high‐temperature degradable poly‐α‐methylstyrene (PAMS) are presented. Systematic experimental studies suggest that a 4 µm thick PAMS interlayer in the Si‐NM device ensures stable operation below the decomposition temperature of PAMS (≈300 °C), while the device undergoes transient process when triggered at higher temperature. Experimental characterization and theoretical modeling reveal the essential properties of the flexible device and its failure mechanism. Demonstrations of such a transient component in high‐temperature electronics highlight the potential advantages in the demands for circuit safeguards, information security, and sensing/control systems.
Association between carotid atheroma and cerebral cortex structure at age 73 years
Authors: Alhusaini Saud , Karama Sherif , Nguyen Tuong‐Vi , Thiel Alexander , Bernhardt Boris C. , Cox Simon R. , Corley Janie , Taylor Adele , Evans Alan C. , Star John M. , Bastin Mark E. , Wardlaw Joanna M. , Deary Ian J. , Ducharme Simon 
Published: September 2018

ObjectiveTo examine the relationship between carotid atherosclerosis and cerebral cortical thickness and investigate whether cortical thickness mediates the association between carotid atheroma and relative cognitive decline.MethodsWe assessed 554 community‐dwelling subjects (male/female: 296/258) from the Lothian Birth Cohort 1936 who underwent brain magnetic resonance imaging and carotid Doppler ultrasound studies at age 73 years. The relationship between carotid atherosclerosis markers (internal carotid artery stenosis, intima–media thickness, velocity, pulsatility, and resistivity indexes) and vertex‐wide cerebral cortical thickness was examined cross‐sectionally, controlling for gender, extensive vascular risk factors (VRFs), and intelligence quotient at age 11 (IQ‐11). We also determined the association between carotid stenosis and a composite measure of fluid intelligence at age 73 years. A mediation model was applied to examine whether cortical thickness mediated the relationship between carotid stenosis and cognitive function.ResultsA widespread negative association was identified between carotid stenosis (median = 15%) and cerebral cortical thickness at age 73 years, independent of the side of carotid stenosis, other carotid measures, VRFs, and IQ‐11. This association increased in an almost dose–response relationship from mild to severe degrees of carotid stenosis, across the anterior and posterior circulation territories. A negative association was also noted between carotid stenosis and fluid intelligence (standardized beta coefficient = −0.151, p = 0.001), which appeared partly (approximately 22%) mediated by carotid stenosis‐related thinning of the cerebral cortex.InterpretationThe findings suggest that carotid stenosis represents a marker of processes that accelerate aging of the cerebral cortex and cognition that is in part independent of measurable VRFs. Cortical thinning within the anterior and posterior circulation territories partially mediated the relationship between carotid atheroma and fluid intelligence. Ann Neurol 2018;84:576–587
Loss of Protocadherin‐12Leads to Diencephalic‐Mesencephalic Junction Dysplasia Syndrome
Authors: Guemez‐Gamboa Alicia , Çağlayan Ahmet Okay , Stanley Valentina , Gregor Anne , Zaki Maha S. , Saleem Sahar N. , Musaev Damir , McEvoy‐Venneri Jennifer , Belandres Denice , Akizu Naiara , Silhavy Jennifer L. , Schroth Jana , Rosti Rasim Ozgur , Copeland Brett , Lewis Steven M. , Fang Rebecca , Issa Mahmoud Y. , Per Huseyin , Gumus Hakan , Bayram Ayse Kacar , Kumandas Sefer , Akgumus Gozde Tugce , Erson‐Omay Emine Z. , Yasuno Katsuhito , Bilguvar Kaya , Heimer Gali , Pillar Nir , Shomron Noam , Weissglas‐Volkov Daphna , Porat Yuval , Einhorn Yaron , Gabriel Stacey , Ben‐Zeev Bruria , Gunel Murat , Gleeson Joseph G. 
Published: September 2018

ObjectiveTo identify causes of the autosomal‐recessive malformation, diencephalic‐mesencephalic junction dysplasia (DMJD) syndrome.MethodsEight families with DMJD were studied by whole‐exome or targeted sequencing, with detailed clinical and radiological characterization. Patient‐derived induced pluripotent stem cells were derived into neural precursor and endothelial cells to study gene expression.ResultsAll patients showed biallelic mutations in the nonclustered protocadherin‐12 (PCDH12) gene. The characteristic clinical presentation included progressive microcephaly, craniofacial dysmorphism, psychomotor disability, epilepsy, and axial hypotonia with variable appendicular spasticity. Brain imaging showed brainstem malformations and with frequent thinned corpus callosum with punctate brain calcifications, reflecting expression of PCDH12 in neural and endothelial cells. These cells showed lack of PCDH12 expression and impaired neurite outgrowth.InterpretationDMJD patients have biallelic mutations in PCDH12 and lack of protein expression. These patients present with characteristic microcephaly and abnormalities of white matter tracts. Such pathogenic variants predict a poor outcome as a result of brainstem malformation and evidence of white matter tract defects, and should be added to the phenotypic spectrum associated with PCDH12‐related conditions. Ann Neurol 2018;84:638–647