bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Glucagon-Like Peptide-1 Cleavage Product Improves Cognitive Function in a Mouse Model of Down Syndrome
Authors: Day Stephen M. , Yang Wenzhong , Wang Xin , Stern Jennifer E. , Zhou Xueyan , Macauley Shannon L. , Ma Tao 
Published: April 2019

AbstractCurrently there is no effective therapy available for cognitive impairments in Down syndrome (DS), one of the most prevalent forms of intellectual disability in humans associated with the chromosomes 21 trisomy. Glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) is an incretin hormone that maintains glucose homeostasis by stimulating insulin secretion. Its natural cleavage product GLP-1 (9-36) lacks insulinotropic effects and has a low binding affinity for GLP-1 receptors; thus, GLP-1 (9-36) has historically been identified as an inactive metabolite. Conversely, recent work has demonstrated interesting physiological properties of GLP-1 (9-36) such as cardioprotection and neuroprotection. We have previously shown that GLP-1 (9-36) administration enhances neuronal plasticity in young WT mice and ameliorates cognitive deficits in a mouse model of Alzheimer’s disease. Here, we report that systemic administration of GLP-1 (9-36) in Ts65Dn DS model mice of either sex resulted in decreased mitochondrial oxidative stress in hippocampus and improved dendritic spine morphology, increase of mature spines and reduction of immature spines. Importantly, these molecular alterations translated into functional changes in that long-term potentiation failure and cognitive impairments in TsDn65 DS model mice were rescued with GLP-1 (9-36) treatment. We also show that chronic GLP-1 (9-36) treatment did not alter glucose tolerance in either WT or DS model mice. Our findings suggest that GLP-1 (9-36) treatment may have therapeutic potential for DS and other neurodegenerative diseases associated with increased neuronal oxidative stress.
CRF Mediates Stress-Induced Pathophysiological High-Frequency Oscillations in Traumatic Brain Injury
Authors: Narla Chakravarthi , Jung Paul S. , Bautista Cruz Francisco , Everest Michelle , Martinez-Trujillo Julio , Poulter Michael O. 
Published: April 2019

AbstractIt is not known why there is increased risk to have seizures with increased anxiety and stress after traumatic brain injury (TBI). Stressors cause the release of corticotropin-releasing factor (CRF) both from the hypothalamic pituitary adrenal (HPA) axis and from CNS neurons located in the central amygdala and GABAergic interneurons. We have previously shown that CRF signaling is plastic, becoming excitatory instead of inhibitory after the kindling model of epilepsy. Here, using Sprague Dawley rats we have found that CRF signaling increased excitability after TBI. Following TBI, CRF type 1 receptor (CRFR1)-mediated activity caused abnormally large electrical responses in the amygdala, including fast ripples, which are considered to be epileptogenic. After TBI, we also found the ripple (120–250 Hz) and fast ripple activity (>250 Hz) was cross-frequency coupled with θ (3–8 Hz) oscillations. CRFR1antagonists reduced the incidence of phase coupling between ripples and fast ripples. Our observations indicate that pathophysiological signaling of the CRFR1increases the incidence of epileptiform activity after TBI. The use for CRFR1antagonist may be useful to reduce the severity and frequency of TBI associated epileptic seizures.
Internalisasi Budaya Kerja Berbasis Al-Fatihah dalam Meningkatkan Kinerja pada Tenaga Kependidikan
Authors: Hefni Harjani , Wati Fitri Sukma , Rusmalita Santa 
Published: April 2019

This research aims to evaluate the effectiveness of working culture internalization based on Alfatihah in order to encourage performance among educational employee through mixed method with quntitative-qualitative paradigm. Result shows that there is a significant differences on means of employee performance in which before having treatment and after having treatment. Therefore, treatment method with Alfatihah effectively increased performance of educational employee. This research is expected to be used as an input to develop positive working culture.
One-Time Fecal Immunochemical Screening for Advanced Colorectal Neoplasia in Patients with CKD (DETECT Study)
Authors: Wong Germaine , Hope Richard L. , Howard Kirsten , Chapman Jeremy R. , Castells Antoni , Roger Simon D. , Bourke Michael J. , Macaskill Petra , Turner Robin , Williams Gabrielle , Lim Wai Hon , Lok Charmaine E. , Diekmann Fritz , Cross Nicholas B. , Sen Shaundeep , Allen Richard D.M. , Chadban Steven J. , Pollock Carol A. , Tong Allison , Teixeira-Pinto Armando , Yang Jean Y.H. , Williams Narelle , Au Eric Hoi Kit , Kieu Anh , James Laura , Craig Jonathan C. 
Published: April 2019

Significance Statement
Colorectal cancer screening using fecal immunochemical testing (FIT) is recommended for patients with CKD, whose risk of developing and dying from this malignancy is at least 1.5 times higher than that of the sex- and age-matched general population. However, FIT accuracy in this setting is unknown and is likely to be affected by occult gastrointestinal bleeding from dysfunctional platelets and increased bleeding sensitivity to aspirin. In a large, multinational study, the authors found that FIT appears to be an accurate screening test for patients with CKD, but the risk of major complications from work-up colonoscopies (1.5%) is high compared with this risk in the general population. These findings provide useful estimates of harms and test accuracies to inform colorectal cancer screening decisions across the full spectrum of CKD.

Background
In patients with CKD, the risk of developing colorectal cancer is high and outcomes are poor. Screening using fecal immunochemical testing (FIT) is effective in reducing mortality from colorectal cancer, but performance characteristics of FIT in CKD are unknown.

Methods
To determine the detection rates and performance characteristics of FIT for advanced colorectal neoplasia (ACN) in patients with CKD, we used FIT to prospectively screen patients aged 35–74 years with CKD (stages 3–5 CKD, dialysis, and renal transplant) from 11 sites in Australia, New Zealand, Canada, and Spain. All participants received clinical follow-up at 2 years. We used a two-step reference standard approach to estimate disease status.

Results
Overall, 369 out of 1706 patients who completed FIT (21.6%) tested positive; 323 (87.5%) underwent colonoscopies. A total of 1553 (91.0%) completed follow-up; 82 (4.8%) had died and 71 (4.2%) were lost. The detection rate of ACN using FIT was 6.0% (5.6%, 7.4%, and 5.6% for stages 3–5 CKD, dialysis, and transplant). Sensitivity, specificity, and positive and negative predictive values of FIT for ACN were 0.90, 0.83, 0.30, and 0.99, respectively. Of participants who underwent colonoscopy, five (1.5%) experienced major colonoscopy-related complications, including bowel perforation and major bleeding.

Conclusions
FIT appears to be an accurate screening test for patients with CKD, such that a negative test may rule out the diagnosis of colorectal cancer within 2 years. However, the risk of major complications from work-up colonoscopy are at least ten-fold higher than in the general population.
Akıllı Telefon Teknik Özellik Önem Derecelerinin AHP Ağırlıklı Gri İlişkisel Analizi Yöntemi İle Belirlenmesi
Authors: ŞAHİN Yusuf , AYDEMİR Erdal 
Published: April 2019

Gri
İlişkisel Analiz, faktörler ve değişkenler arasındaki ilişkileri göstermek için
gri sistem teorisinin parçası olarak kullanılan bir araştırma aracıdır. Birçok
üretim sürecinde müşteri memnuniyetinin garanti edilmesi için ürünün teknik
özelliklerin önceliklendirilmesi ile karar verilir ve ardından müşteri
gereksinimleri dikkate alınarak iyileştirmeler yapılır. Bu çalışmada, akıllı telefon teknik
özelliklerinin önem düzeylerini değerlendirmek ve akıllı telefon üreticilerine
özellikle dizayn kararlarında yol göstermek için AHP ağırlıklı gri ilişkisel
analiz yöntemi kullanılmıştır. Müşteri gereksinimleri ile teknik özellikler
arasındaki ilişki için gri ilişkisel dereceler belirlenmiş ve daha sonra teknik
özelliklerin önem derecelerini belirlemek için ağırlıklı ortalama metodu
kullanılmıştır. Sonuç olarak, incelenen
on adet teknik özellik arasından önem düzeyi en yüksek olanın ekran büyüklüğü,
en düşük olanın ise depolama kapasitesi olduğu belirlenmiştir. Akıllı telefon
üreticilerinin ürün geliştirirken bu sıralamayı dikkate almaları müşteri
memnuniyet düzeyini arttıracaktır.
Преодоление географических барьеров в лечении острого инфаркта миокарда в России
Authors: Тимонин Сергей Андреевич , Концевая Анна Васильевна , Леон Дэвид , Макки Мартин 
Published: April 2019

За прошедшее десятилетие в России существенно увеличилось число медицинских организаций, выполняющих высокотехнологичные малоинвазивные операции при остром коронарном синдроме – чрескожные коронарные вмешательства (ЧКВ). В данной работе мы оцениваем степень влияния географических барьеров на доступность населения к этому наиболее эффективному способу лечения острого коронарного синдрома, в том числе инфаркта миокарда.
Нами была собрана информация о медицинских организациях, выполнявших ЧКВ в 2010 и 2015 гг., а также данные о численности населения муниципальных районов и городских округов в России. Методами сетевого анализа было оценено время транспортировки и расстояние от физического центра каждого муниципального района/городского округа до ближайшего ЧКВ- центра в России. Расчеты были выполнены с использованием графа улично-дорожной сети
В период с 2010 по 2015 г. число ЧКВ-центров в России увеличилось со 144 до 260. Медианное время доезда до ближайшего ЧКВ-центра составило 48 минут в 2015 г. (в 2010 г. ‒ 73 минуты). Две трети городского населения в 2015 г. могли быть доставлены в ближайший ЧКВ-центр за 60 минут и быстрее, а среди сельского населения такую возможность имела только одна пятая часть потенциальных пациентов. Создание 67 новых ЧКВ-центров в тех городских округах, где в настоящий момент имеется их дефицит, увеличит долю населения, находящегося в 60-минутной зоне доезда до ЧКВ- центра, до 62%, что эквивалентно 5,7 млн человек, для которых на данный момент невозможен своевременный доступ к данному виду вмешательства.
В период между 2010 и 2015 г. происходило значительное, но неравномерные сокращение времени доезда до ЧКВ-центров. Несмотря на позитивные тенденции, Россия еще не приблизилась к уровню доступа, наблюдающегося в сопоставимых странах с большой территорией и неравномерно размещенным населением, таких как Австралия и Канада. Открытие относительно небольшого числа новых ЧКВ-центров (отделений) могло бы существенно улучшить доступ к медицинской помощи, тем самым сократив имеющееся неравенство.
Competitividad como eje propulsor de empresas turísticas en la frontera colombo – venezolana
Authors: Gil Osorio Ivonne María , De Ávila Berrio Brigin José , De Ávila Mendoza Jojanys 
Published: April 2019

Este artículo se deriva, de la investigacion de la tesis de maestría, en referencia a la variable de la competitividad de las empresas turísticas en la frontera Colombo – venezolana, se analiza la competitividad, los factores y estrategias de competitividad. Estos requisitos no son diferentes para las empresas turísticas, basado en los autores como: Best (2007), Carrión (2007), Hitt, Ireland, y Hoskisson (2009), Porter (2009), Sánchez (2008) entre otros. La metodología fue descriptiva, de diseño de campo transversal, una población finita 84 sujetos, dirigida a los directivos de las empresas, como técnica se utilizó la encuesta, que fue sometida a la validez expertos, los resultados mostraron que la empresas de cierta manera aplican la competitividad, factores, las estrategias, en este sentido, para que estas empresas estén a la vanguardia de los sucesos del entorno deben aplicar estrategias eficientes, eficaces para mantenerse en vigencia frente a los cambios que genera la globalización
Prevalence of stress among postgraduate junior residents in Bangalore, Karnataka, India
Authors: S. Ramya H. , A. R. Nisar Ahamed , C. Rajendra Prasad T. , Awati Muragesh 
Published: April 2019

Background: Post graduate residents in tertiary care teaching hospitals in metropolitan cities bear the overwhelming burden due to heavy workload, they are at high risk of developing burnout syndrome, which in turn may affect hospital outcomes such as the quality and safety of the provided care. This study was conducted to assess their perceived stress, stress induced somatic symptoms and coping strategies by postgraduates in Bangalore, India.Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted on all postgraduates willing to participate in the study, pursuing their post-graduation in various specialties in Six medical colleges in Bangalore, India. Stress was assessed by Perceived stress scale (PSS-10), Stress induced physical symptoms using selected items from self-reporting questionnaire (SRQ-20), coping strategies using selected items from BRIEF COPE. Descriptive and inferential statistical analysis has been carried out in the present study.Results: The mean PSS score in present study was found to be 22.92 (moderate stress). Stress was associated with clinical specialty, higher workload, poor sleep quality due to more working hours, marital status, harmful ideations. In present study Post graduates of OBG, pediatrics, radiology demonstrated higher perceived stress score with a mean PSS Score of 25.57, 24.25, 24.22 respectively. Dermatology postgraduates reported lowest stress levels with a mean PSS score of 16.86.Conclusions: In present study post graduates are facing moderate stress, affecting their physical and mental health resulting in dysfunctional coping strategies and harmful ideations like quitting, which has an impact on quality and safety of provided care.
A case report of mono-sensitization to peanut component Ara h6
Authors: Bartellino Maria G. , Barisciano Lisa 
Published: April 2019

Peanut is the most common food allergen in the US, affecting 1-2 % of the population and studies show that it is still on the rise. Component testing has offered better insight into the likelihood of reactivity with exposure. Extensive literature shows Arachis hypogea (Ara h) 2 as being the most clinically significant component identified to correlate with reactivity with exposure to the peanut protein, however there is minimal research on the reactivity of Ara h6. This case report describes a patient with a clinical reaction to peanut as a toddler and subsequent positivity on annual skin testing with commercial peanut extract, likely confounded by positive birch with advancing age. Immuno CAP testing revealed a negative Ara h2 and positive Ara h6, describing mono-sensitization to Ara h 6 and high probability of clinical reactivity. The importance of this case is to raise awareness of other highly allergenic components in patients with peanut allergy.
Anesthetic Management with Epidural Analgesia in a Case of Thalassemia Intermedia
Authors: Govil Nishith , Adabala Vijay , Babu Challa Revanth , Lohani Shailesh , Ahmed Intezar 
Published: April 2019

Thalassemia is an inherited defect in the production of globulin chains transmitted by autosomal recessive inheritance. Anaesthetic management of these patients is challenging, being associated with hypersplenism, unanticipated difficult airway and vertebral malformations, perioperative high blood pressure, systemic features of iron overload, cardiac and hepatic failure and anaemia. In this case, we highlight the anaesthetic concerns in a child of beta thalassemia intermedia with high levels of Hemoglobin F posted for splenectomy along with cholecystectomy. To avoid need of postoperative mechanical ventilation due to low oxygen carrying capacity of blood and anaerobic metabolism during the period of surgical stress, epidural catheter inserted despite possibility of epidural hematoma or bleed because of thrombocytopenia. Patient had an enhanced recovery in term of decrease oxygen demand, decrease postoperative nausea and vomiting, early ambulation and patient satisfaction. Intraoperative epidural also decreases need of neuromuscular blocking agent and intravenous analgesia. This lead to faster awakening from anaesthesia even in the presence of decrease oxygen carrying capacity due to anaemia and acidosis (anaerobic metabolism). Use of regional anesthesia should be considered in similar cases after assessing risk and benefits for individual cases.
POLICY DISHARMONY IN INDONESIA (DIALECTICS OF NATIONAL EDUCATION REFORM)
Authors: Fazlurrahman H. M. 
Published: April 2019

Purpose of Study: Concentration fully reform the institutional aspects and teaching, still remaining implicates fundamen- tal problem that has not gotten way out until today. The fundamental problem in question is still ongoing inconsistencies between the various national education policies. The disharmony generates serious impacts in the process of education reform in the country after the collapse of the New Order. Especially for education stakeholders, this disharmony makes their confusion, how education reform agenda should be executed. They are confronted with education policies that sub- stantially contradict or at least overlap with one another. Worse yet, stakeholders of education in educational institutions is not only confused but also become a victim of unwanted effects (unintended impact) or wild effect (spillover impact) on the implementation of the policy. So whether the Islamic educational institutions and academic staff who manage this institution "forced" to accept other forms of discriminatory treatment as a result of the policy of disharmony.
Methodology: This study is library research, using a qualitative type with a factual historical model.
Results: The disharmony of education policy is still quite prominent since the presence of the reform era until now. Disharmony is very potential to develop institutions that involve Islamic education institutions or madrassas in Indonesia.
Implications/Applications: The disharmony manifestation is the overlap between the policy of implementing religious affairs which have been the responsibility of the Ministry of Religion and the decentralization policy of education. The consequence of this disharmony, namely the Regional Government, has a reluctance to place madrassas as part of their authority.
Küçük Zihinlere Yerleştirilen Toplumsal Cinsiyet Rolleri
Authors: ERBAŞ Sefa 
Published: April 2019

Cinsiyete uygun davranış biçimlerinin çocukların yer aldığı reklamlarda nasıl sunulduğu ve bu sunum biçimlerinin ders kitaplarına yönelik yapılan araştırmalarla karşılaştırması, bu çalışmanın amacını oluşturmaktadır. Bu amaç doğrultusunda yiyecek içecek kategorisinde belirlenmiş 40 reklam, içerik analizi tekniği ile incelenmiştir. Bu kategorideki reklamlarda, kadının ürün üzerinde otorite konumunda gösterilmesi, besleyici özelliği, yiyecek-içecek konusunda bilgi sahibi olması ve şefkatli yapısı bu cinse özgü geleneksel rollerin sürdürüldüğünü göstermektedir. Çocukların cinsiyetlerine uygun davranış biçimleri, erkek ve kız çocukları için neredeyse eşit düzeyde enerjik olarak sunulmuştur. Ancak hiçbir reklamda erkek çocuğunun pasifliğine yer verilmezken kız çocuğunun pasif olarak sunulduğu reklamlara rastlanılmıştır. Ayrıca, kadınlara özgü olarak kabul edilen dedikodu, kız çocuklarına da yaptırılarak, büyüklere benzetilmeye çalışılmıştır. Araştırmadan elde edilen veriler ile ders kitaplarında toplumsal cinsiyet sunumunun araştırıldığı çalışmaların karşılaştırılması, bu alanda çalışma yapan araştırmacılara her iki alanı birlikte değerlendirme imkanı sağlayacaktır.
СПОСОБ ВИБРОСТРУЙНОЙ ГИДРОДИНАМИЧЕСКОЙ ТЕХНОЛОГИИ СОХРАНЕНИЯ ТЕКУЧЕСТИ УГЛЕВОДОРОДНЫХ ТОПЛИВ И НЕФТЕПРОДУКТОВ В УСЛОВИЯХ НИЗКИХ ТЕМПЕРАТУР
Authors: (Anton V. Azin) Азин Антон Владимирович , (Evgeniy P. Bogdanov) Богданов Евгений Петрович , (Sergey V. Ponomarev) Пономарев Сергей Владимирович , (Sergey V. Rikkonen) Рикконен Сергей Владимирович 
Published: April 2019

Актуальность работы обусловлена необходимостью создания энергоэффективного способа сохранения текучести углеводородного топлива в условиях низких температур, при температурах существенно ниже температуры застывания продукта. В условиях низких температур высоких широт Сибири и Арктики имеются проблемы с запуском энергетических установок, работающих на углеводородном топливе и маслах. Применяемые термические и химические методы сохранения текучести топлива, масла и охлаждающей жидкости не дают полной гарантии в оперативной подготовке к работе автономных объектов. Вибрационные технологии могут существенно изменить реологические свойства углеводородного топлива посредством создания высоких сдвиговых скоростей и гистерезисного нагрева нефтепродуктов. Процесс вибрационного создания высоких сдвиговых скоростей сплошной среды имеет затраты энергии в десятки раз меньше, чем термический метод сохранения текучести топлива. Низкая теплопроводность углеводородного топлива способствует образованию возле внутренних стенок резервуаров застывшего топлива, которое является теплоизоляцией. При внесении внутрь резервуара механической вибрационной мощности топливо внутри данной системы будет достаточно жидким и готовым к применению по требованию. Цель: создание методики расчета теплоизоляционного эффекта застывшего нефтепродукта, определение количества энергии, необходимой для поддержания топлива в жидком состоянии при разных температурах окружающей среды. Методы: математический расчет перепада температур в системе «стенка резервуара – слой застывшего топлива» и экспериментальные исследования изменения реологических свойств нефтепродуктов под воздействием системы затопленного вибрирующего конфузора. Результаты. Предложен инженерный метод расчета толщины застывшего топлива на внутренних стенках резервуара при отрицательных температурах окружающей среды и величины механической энергии, необходимой для сохранения текучести топлива.
ДИАГНОСТИРОВАНИЕ СОСТОЯНИЯ ГАЗОПЕРЕКАЧИВАЮЩИХ АГРЕГАТОВ СПЕЦИАЛЬНЫМИ МЕТОДАМИ ИНТЕРПРЕТАЦИИ СПЕКТРОВ ВИБРОСКОРОСТИ
Authors: (Igor R. Baykov) Байков Игорь Равильевич , (Olga V. Smorodova) Смородова Ольга Викторовна , (Sergei V. Kitaev) Китаев Сергей Владимирович , (Airat M. Shammazov) Шаммазов Айрат Мингазович 
Published: April 2019

Актуальность исследованияобусловленанеобходимостью разработки дополнительных методов оценкитехнического состояния газоперекачивающих агрегатов компрессорных станций магистральных газопроводов. Аварийные ситуации на компрессорных станцияхвлекут за собой последствия глобального характера для материальной базы и окружающей среды. Основным направлением обеспечения безаварийной работы компрессорных станций является поддержка технического состояния газоперекачивающих агрегатов на требуемом уровне. Цель: разработка метода оценки технического состояния газоперекачивающих агрегатов интерпретацией виброспектра колебаний корпуса подшипника турбины низкого давления агрегата с формулировкой заключения «есть дефект/нет дефекта». Объекты:газоперекачивающие агрегаты ГТК-10, эксплуатируемые в ПАО «Газпром». Агрегаты данного типа обеспечиваютболее 8 ГВт установленной мощности, что составляет более 20% в газотранспортной системе страны. Базой данных для проведения исследований является система данных результатов вибродиагностики агрегатов за 4 года. Методы. Для повышения достоверности интерпретации спектров колебаний подшипниковых узловпредлагается ис­пользовать метод построения разделяю­щей поверхности в 340-мерном фазовом пространстве по характеристикам обучающей выборки виброспектров. Установлено, что достоверность определения состояния агрегата при этом связана прямо пропорционально с количеством спектров в обучающей выборке, сформированной на основе информации по вибрационным обследованиям. Максимальная адекватность выводов при идентификации состояния агрегатов имеет место при описании вибросигнала преобразованием Фурье с ярко выраженными амплитудами виброскорости. Результаты. Построена гиперплоскость для определения уровнятехнического состояния газовых турбинкомпрессорных станций ПАО «Газпром» интерпретацией спектров виброобследования. Учитывая уменьшение обучающей выборки при отсеивании части спектров, наиболее препятствующих реализации алгоритма, ошибка при распознавании текущего вибросигнала агрегата прогнозируется в пределах 15–30%.