bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Proof of concept: Portable ultra‐low‐field magnetic resonance imaging for the diagnosis of epileptogenic brain pathologies
Authors: Bauer Tobias , Olbrich Simon , Groteklaes Anne , Lehnen Nils Christian , Zidan Mousa , Lange Annalena , Bisten Justus , Walger Lennart , Faber Jennifer , Bruchhausen Walter , Vollmuth Philipp , Herrlinger Ulrich , Radbruch Alexander , Surges Rainer , Sabir Hemmen , Rüber Theodor 
Published: October 2024

AbstractObjectiveHigh‐field magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) is a standard in the diagnosis of epilepsy. However, high costs and technical barriers have limited adoption in low‐ and middle‐income countries. Even in high‐income nations, many individuals with epilepsy face delays in undergoing MRI. Recent advancements in ultra‐low‐field (ULF) MRI technology, particularly the development of portable scanners, offer a promising solution to the limited accessibility of MRI. In this study, we present and evaluate the imaging capability of ULF MRI in detecting structural abnormalities typically associated with epilepsy and compare it to high‐field MRI at 3 T.MethodsData collection was conducted within 3 consecutive weeks at the University Hospital Bonn. Inclusion criteria were a minimum age of 18 years, diagnosed epilepsy, and clinical high‐field MRI with abnormalities. We used a .064 T Swoop portable MR Imaging System. Both high‐field MRI and ULF MRI scans were evaluated independently by two experienced neuroradiologists as part of their clinical routine, comparing pathology detection and diagnosis completeness.ResultsTwenty‐three individuals with epilepsy were recruited. One subject presented with a dual pathology. Across the entire cohort, in 17 of 24 (71%) pathologies, an anomaly colocalizing with the actual lesion was observed on ULF MRI. For 11 of 24 (46%) pathologies, the full diagnosis could be made based on ULF MRI. Tumors and posttraumatic lesions could be diagnosed best on ULF MRI, whereas cortical dysplasia and other focal pathologies were the least well diagnosed.SignificanceThis single‐center series of individuals with epilepsy demonstrates the feasibility and utility of ULF MRI for the field of epileptology. Its integration into epilepsy care offers transformative potential, particularly in resource‐limited settings. Further research is needed to position ULF MRI within imaging modalities in the diagnosis of epilepsy.
Rolling Contact Fatigue Behaviors of 20CrNi2Mo Steel by a New Carbon and Nitrogen Composite Infiltration Process
Authors: Chen Jian , Liang Yilong , Li Shaolong , Yang Ming , Sun Yuguan 
Published: October 2024

ABSTRACTIn this paper, a new type of composite infiltration process was adopted for 20CrNi2Mo steel. Rolling contact fatigue (RCF) tests were carried out on the specimens treated with carburizing (C) and composite infiltration with carburizing and nitriding (C‐N). The results showed that after C and C‐N treatments were performed, the surface microhardness was increased by 78% and 114%, respectively, and the maximum CRS were −220 and −530 MPa. Moreover, the residual austenite volume fraction was controlled to approximately 10% for each treated sample. The fatigue limit of the C‐N sample was 11.3% higher than that of the C sample. The fatigue failure mechanisms are caused by the maximum shear stress distribution and surface roughness. The surface layer of the C‐N sample with higher hardness and more compressive residual stress inhibited the initiation of fatigue cracks, and the appropriate residual austenite in the carbon‐nitrogen infiltrated layer inhibited the propagation of fatigue cracks.
Spatial Distribution and Growth Variability of Juveniles of Two Myctophid Species (Myctophum asperum and Symbolophorus evermanni) in Relation to Environmental Factors in the Kuroshio Current System in Winter
Authors: Higashiguchi Kazunari , Watai Mikio , Kinoshita Junji , Sassa Chiyuki , Kuroda Hiroshi , Okunishi Takeshi , Yasuda Tohya , Takasuka Akinori 
Published: October 2024

ABSTRACTThe distribution and growth rate of juveniles of two myctophid species (Myctophum asperum and Symbolophorus evermanni) were examined in relation to environmental factors, based on samples collected in the Kuroshio Current system during winter from 2020 to 2022. The growth rate of juveniles was compared among three oceanic regions: the inshore side of the Kuroshio axis, the Kuroshio axis, and the offshore side of the Kuroshio axis in relation to sea surface temperature (SST), sea surface salinity (SSS), chlorophyll‐a concentration (CHL), and biomass of zooplankton (ZPB). M. asperum juveniles were distributed mainly in the inshore region and the Kuroshio axis of higher CHL and ZPB, whereas S. evermanni juveniles were distributed mainly in the Kuroshio axis and in the offshore regions of higher SST and SSS. No significant difference in growth rate was found among the three regions for M. asperum juveniles, whereas the growth rate of S. evermanni juveniles in the Kuroshio axis was higher than in the offshore regions. No environmental factors were selected for growth rate of M. asperum in the GLMM, whereas SST was selected for S. evermanni. M. asperum juveniles can be considered to have a higher tolerance for variability in environmental factors, whereas water temperature could be the driver for the distribution and growth rate of S. evermanni. Lastly, we discuss possible interspecific interactions among noncommercial fish (myctophids) and commercial fish (Pacific saury Cololabis saira).
Factors involved in gastroesophageal varix‐related events in patients with hepatitis C virus‐related compensated and decompensated cirrhosis after direct‐acting antiviral therapy
Authors: Tahata Yuki , Hikita Hayato , Mochida Satoshi , Enomoto Nobuyuki , Kawada Norifumi , Ido Akio , Miki Daiki , Kurosaki Masayuki , Yoshiji Hitoshi , Sakamori Ryotaro , Kuroda Hidekatsu , Yatsuhashi Hiroshi , Yamashita Taro , Hiasa Yoichi , Kato Naoya , Miyaaki Hisamitsu , Ueno Yoshiyuki , Itoh Yoshito , Matsuura Kentaro , Takami Taro , Asahina Yasuhiro , Suda Goki , Akuta Norio , Tateishi Ryosuke , Nakamoto Yasunari , Kakazu Eiji , Terai Shuji , Shimizu Masahito , Miyazaki Masanori , Nozaki Yasutoshi , Sobue Satoshi , Yano Hiroki , Miyaki Tomokatsu , Moriuchi Akihiro , Hori Takeshi , Shirai Kumiko , Murai Kazuhiro , Saito Yoshinobu , Kodama Takahiro , Tatsumi Tomohide , Yamada Tomomi , Takehara Tetsuo 
Published: October 2024

AbstractAimThe incidence of and factors involved in gastroesophageal varix‐related events in hepatitis C virus‐related cirrhosis patients, including decompensated cirrhosis, after direct‐acting antiviral therapy are unclear.MethodsWe conducted a multicenter study using prospective data from 478 hepatitis C virus‐related cirrhosis patients treated with direct‐acting antiviral therapy from February 2019 to December 2021 at 33 Japanese hospitals. Gastroesophageal varices were classified as F1 (small‐caliber), F2 (moderately enlarged), or F3 (markedly enlarged) according to the Japanese criteria. Patients without varix or with F1 without red color signs were defined as low‐risk varix, and patients with ≥F2 or red color signs or a history of rupture were defined as high‐risk varix. Varix‐related events were defined as prophylactic treatment or rupture of gastroesophageal varix.ResultsThe median age was 70 years, 43% of patients had decompensated cirrhosis, and 16% had high‐risk varices (13% in compensated and 33% in decompensated, p < 0.001). Sustained virologic response rates were 94.9% for compensated cirrhosis and 91.3% for decompensated cirrhosis (p = 0.120). Across 35.7 months, 25 patients received prophylactic treatment, and four experienced varix rupture. The 3‐year incidence rate of varix‐related events was 6.2% (3.5% in compensated and 9.9% in decompensated, p = 0.001). In the multivariate analysis, high‐risk varix (p < 0.001), high baseline gamma‐glutamyl transpeptidase levels (p < 0.001), and virologic failure (p = 0.004) were significantly involved in varix‐related events.ConclusionsThe cumulative incidence rate of varix‐related events was significantly higher in decompensated cirrhosis than in compensated cirrhosis. Baseline varix status, baseline gamma‐glutamyl transpeptidase levels, and virologic response were related to varix‐related events after direct‐acting antiviral therapy.
Causal Associations Between the Gut Microbiota and Hypertension‐Related Traits Through Mendelian Randomization: A Cross‐Sectional Cohort Study
Authors: Tian Yunfan , Gu Mingxia , Chen Dazhong , Dong Quanbin , Wang Yifeng , Sun Wei , Kong Xiangqing 
Published: October 2024

ABSTRACTPrevious studies have suggested a link between the gut microbiome and hypertension‐related traits like blood pressure. However, these reports are often limited by weak causal evidence. This study investigates the potential causal association between gut microbiota and hypertension‐related traits using Mendelian randomization with summary data from genome‐wide association studies. The inverse‐variance weighted method revealed that the Clostridium innocuum group (Odds ratio [OR]: 1.0047, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.0004–1.0090, p = 0.0336), Eubacterium fissicatena group (OR: 1.0047, 95% CI: 1.0005–1.0088, p = 0.0266), Lachnospiraceae FCS020 group (OR: 1.0063, 95% CI: 1.0004–1.0122, p = 0.0361), and Olsenella (OR: 1.0044, 95% CI: 1.0001–1.0088, p = 0.0430) were associated with an increased risk of hypertension. Conversely, Flavonifractor (OR: 0.9901, 95% CI: 0.9821–0.9982, p = 0.0166), Parabacteroides (OR: 0.9874, 95% CI: 0.9776–0.9972, p = 0.0121), and Senegalimassilia (OR: 0.9907, 95% CI: 0.9842–0.9974, p = 0.0063) were associated with a decreased risk of hypertension. External validation with the Guangdong Gut Microbiome Project confirmed a negative correlation between Parabacteroides and hypertension, potentially through metabolic pathways. These findings provide further evidence supporting the hypothesis that microbes and their metabolites play a role in blood pressure regulation.
Powering the circular future: Climate change and economic perspectives on second‐life batteries in the Belgian context
Authors: Huber Dominik , van den Oever Anne , Philippot Maeva Lavigne , Costa Daniele , Coosemans Thierry , Messagie Maarten 
Published: October 2024

AbstractThis paper calculates the future levelized cost of storage (LCOS) and conducts a prospective life cycle assessment (PLCA) for second‐life batteries (SLB) in Flanders, Belgium. A cradle‐to‐grave approach is chosen for climate change (CC) and economic impacts of SLB. Impacts of processes related to the first and the second life are allocated according to the delivered electricity. Furthermore, impacts are determined according to their temporal occurrence. For LCOS, activities are time adjusted by discounting. For PLCA, new background databases are generated and changed based on the activities occurrence in time. Additionally, future CC impact of three Belgian energy paths is modeled, introducing user‐defined scenarios of PLCA. To conceptualize impacts, three use cases are defined: (a) residential, (b) industrial and (c) utility use case (UTI). The residential and industrial use cases (INDs) represent photovoltaic (PV) installations with battery storage, the UTI is a large‐scale battery participating in the Belgian secondary reserve market. Lowest LCOS of the SLB in 2050 are found in the IND, namely 39.66 €/MWh, and are below the benchmark batteries. CC impact of SLB in the residential is 58.7 /kWh and below the benchmark batteries. The CC impact of SLB is 75.2 and 78.5 /kWh in the industrial and UTI and thus higher than the benchmark batteries. Crucial for both assessments are increased dismantling and repurposing facility throughput, fair charging tariffs, the manufacturing, the charging electricity generated by PV installations, and power electronics. On the contrary, changing the background does not lead to major changes in CC.
Posttraumatic Growth: The Role of Health and Financial Difficulties During a Pandemic
Authors: Rauvola Rachel S. , Rudolph Cort W. , Zacher Hannes 
Published: October 2024

ABSTRACTObjectiveTrauma can have a range of effects on individuals over time, including the potential for positive changes in favorable outcomes commonly referred to as posttraumatic growth. The posttraumatic growth literature has been criticized for various methodological limitations and has largely neglected the exploration of factors that may strengthen or weaken posttraumatic growth trajectories. The present study contributes to this literature by investigating trajectories of five dimensions of posttraumatic growth during the COVID‐19 pandemic and the moderating effects of health and financial difficulties on these trajectories.MethodLongitudinal data were collected monthly between July 2020 and December 2022 from a sample of employed adults in Germany, involving N = 1678 participants over 30 time points (Nobservations = 29,552).ResultsResults suggest that certain dimensions of posttraumatic growth showed significant increases (i.e., relationships) or decreases (i.e., spirituality and possibilities) over time and that trajectories of three dimensions (i.e., relationships, appreciation, and strength) demonstrated distinctive patterns of interaction with health and financial difficulties.ConclusionsFindings are discussed in the context of the pandemic as well as dynamic theories of personality and identity, with implications for advancing posttraumatic growth theory and research.
Effectiveness of spiritual care interventions among patients in the intensive care unit: A systematic review and meta‐analysis
Authors: Li Lingling , Chen Meng , Yu Ningning , Zhang Qixia 
Published: October 2024

AbstractBackgroundSpiritual care interventions can be an important source of emotional support for patients in the intensive care unit (ICU). However, there is wide variation in the literature and no quantitative assessment to synthesize the results of these studies.AimTo examine the effectiveness of spiritual care interventions on disease‐related physiological parameter and treatment outcomes and psychosocial well‐being outcomes among patients in the ICU.Study DesignA comprehensive search was conducted across 11 databases from inception to 27 May 2024. Studies involving the implementation of spiritual care interventions for patients in the ICU were included. Cochrane's bias risk tool and JBI Critical Appraisal Checklist were used to examine the methodological quality of included studies. Review Manager 5.3 was used to conduct meta‐analyses.ResultsA total of 18 studies were included. Meta‐analysis showed that spiritual care interventions could significantly reduce mean arterial pressure (MAP) (MD: −12.12, 95% CI: [−23.68, −0.56], p = .04), length of stay in the ICU (MD: −5.49, 95% CI: [−8.99, −2.00], p = .002), and improved consciousness (MD: 3.91, 95% CI: [1.42, 6.39], p = .002), anxiety (SMD: −1.78, 95% CI: [−3.06, −0.50], p = .006), spiritual well‐being (SMD: 1.57, 95% CI: [0.05, 3.08], p = .04) and comfort (MD: 15.53, 95% CI: [10.81, 20.25], p < .01) among patients in the ICU, but had no significant effects on heart rate (HR), respiratory rate (RR), pulse rate (PR), blood pressure (BP), oxygen saturation (SpO2), duration of ventilator use and pain.ConclusionsSpiritual care interventions could reduce MAP and length of stay in the ICU; improve consciousness, anxiety, spiritual well‐being and comfort among patients in the ICU; and are still inconclusive for HR, RR, PR, BP, SpO2, duration of ventilator use and pain. Urgent efforts are needed to better integrate spiritual care interventions into clinical care to enhance patient well‐being.Relevance to Clinical PracticeSpiritual care interventions could improve well‐being of patients in the ICU.
Navigating electricity network congestion: An examination of a principle‐based regulatory theory and strategy
Authors: van Schendel Sascha , Reins Leonie 
Published: October 2024

AbstractThe digitisation of the energy sector is moving fast. At the same time, the transition to renewable energy brings challenges. However, legislative developments either move slowly or are introduced in a piecemeal manner. This situation is sometimes perceived as a regulatory mismatch and is problematic from the perspective of achieving climate and sustainability goals. The limited capacity of energy grids to transport electricity is a prime example of why we need a regulatory system that takes into account the fast‐paced development of technology while providing a consistent pathway for the future. In this contribution, we build on the scholarship that identifies energy principles. We analyse the extent to which principles play a role in new energy regulation and in Dutch mitigatory policies. As a theoretical framework for explaining the crucial role of principles in regulation, we use Fleming's normative proposal of the trias of energy regulation.
A Qualitative Analysis to Determine the Critical Features of a Frontside Bottom Turn in Professional Surfing
Authors: Whitting John W. , Brinsmead Ruben , Forsyth James R. , Hollier Jennifer , Crowley‐McHattan Zachary J. 
Published: October 2024

ABSTRACTSurfing bottom turns underpin the quality of subsequent maneuvers, and surfing performance overall. Despite this, no study has investigated coaching cues to determine their association with performance. This study investigated the frontside bottom turn, to identify critical features associated with quality performance, and second to determine whether any of these features could predict whether a surfer would subsequently perform either a cutback or a top turn maneuver. Videos of every frontside bottom turn from all finals heats of the 2017 World Surf League, Corona Open Jeffrey's Bay event were analyzed. A total of 199 frontside bottom turns were identified and categorized as either a bottom turn leading to a cutback maneuver (n = 106), or a bottom turn leading to a top turn maneuver (n = 93). A checklist of 47 potential critical features was developed after consultation with coaching and competition judging experts, thereby enabling a systematic analysis of each turn to determine the expected and actual frequency of occurrence for each potential feature. Consequently, an extensive list of critical features of the frontside bottom turn was identified and associated with a high level of performance, being executed successfully by professional athletes during high‐stakes competition. Several features, particularly during the exit phase of the bottom turn, also helped predict whether these athletes subsequently performed either a cutback or a top turn maneuver. The findings of this study provide surf coaches with cues that can be used as a guide to effectively coach two main frontside bottom turn variations.
The grim view of online dating—Rethinking Tinder
Authors: Räsänen Joona 
Published: October 2024

AbstractThis paper recounts a dystopian tragedy, analogous to online dating, where people choose their partners from an enormous number of people, where rejections are made in the blink of an eye based on physical appearance and where men outnumber women. The moral of the story is discussed. It is argued that Tinder and other dating apps are a problem for justice and that this should be a public and political concern. It is suggested that we take measures to correct the inequalities in online dating.
Shortcomings, limitations and gaps in physiological roles of extracellular vesicles in obesity
Authors: Valero Paola , Silva Katherin , Valenzuela‐Hinrichsen Andrés , Vásquez Antonia , Espinoza Fernanda , Lira Fernanda , Cornejo Marcelo , Fuentes Gonzalo , González Daniel , Moore‐Carrasco Rodrigo , van der Beek Eline M. , Hillebrands Jan‐Luuk , van Goor Harry , Grismaldo Adriana , Sobrevia Luis 
Published: October 2024

AbstractExtracellular vesicles (EVs) play a crucial role in mediating communication between cells across species and kingdoms. The intercellular communication facilitated by EVs through autocrine and paracrine signalling mechanisms is essential for cell survival, maintaining normal metabolic functions and ensuring overall bodily homeostasis and health. Extracellular vesicles are present in various bodily fluids, such as pleural effusions, plasma, breast milk, amniotic fluid, semen and saliva. Additionally, the generation and release of EVs contribute to the removal of cellular waste. Patients with obesity exhibit a higher release and amount of circulating EVs than individuals with normal weight. This increased EV release in obesity might contribute to the inflammatory state characteristic of this metabolic condition, because higher levels of pro‐inflammatory molecules are found within their cargo. However, interpreting results related to EV abundance, cargo and biological actions can be complicated by several factors; these include variations in cell sources, a wide age range (from children to the elderly), a mix of females and males, medication use and health status, a range of body weights (from normal weight to morbid obesity) and differences between in vitro assays using cell lines versus primary cultures. This article addresses the shortcomings, limitations and gaps in knowledge, providing a framework for enhancing our understanding of the physiological effects of EVs on obesity.
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A Probabilistic Evaluation Method on Temperature and Time-Dependent Stress Intensity Limit St in Creep Assessment of Components at Elevated Temperatures
Authors: Hou Xin-Yang , Fu Jin-Hui , Gong Jian-Guo , Zhao Peng , Xuan Fu-Zhen 
Published: October 2024

Abstract
Creep is an important damage mode of components at elevated temperatures, and the temperature and time-dependent stress intensity limit St is an essential indicator in creep assessment of components. In general, the safety factors are directly applied to three criteria in stress intensity limit St in ASME code, but a quantitative evaluation on the failure probability covered in this indicator is rarely reported. Based on this, a probabilistic evaluation method on stress intensity limit St is proposed by correlating each criterion with mean creep rupture life data. The failure probability of three criteria in stress intensity limit St of 316 and 304 stainless steels is calculated, and the effect of safety factors on failure probability results is discussed. A probabilistic evaluation on stress intensity limit St is conducted. Results indicate that the stress intensity limit St presents a low failure probability or high conservativeness, and the minimum stress to creep rupture is the governing role in stress intensity limit St for cases involved. The failure probability of stress intensity limit St of 316 stainless steel is much lower than that of 304 stainless steel, attributed to the differences of creep deformation features and data scatter of the two stainless steels.