bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Serum biomarkers of neuronal injury in newborns evaluated for selective head cooling: a comparative pilot study
Authors: Patil Uday P. , Mally Pradeep V. , Wachtel Elena V. 
Published: July 2018

AbstractBackgroundEvaluation of newborns for hypoxic ischemic encephalopathy (HIE) includes laboratory and clinical parameters, as well as amplitude integrated electroencephalogram (aEEG). Based on qualifying criteria, selective head cooling (SHC) is initiated for infants with evidence of moderate to severe HIE. However, some newborns may not qualify for hypothermia therapy based on normal aEEG.ObjectiveTo compare levels of serum glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP), ubiquitin c-terminal hydrolase-1 (UCHL-1) protein and phosphorylated axonal neurofilament heavy chain (pNF-H), in newborns who met initial screening criteria for HIE but did not qualify for head cooling, to the levels in healthy newborns.Study designNewborns ≥36 weeks of gestational age at risk for HIE, who were evaluated but did not qualify for SHC from July 2013 through June 2014 at NYU Langone Medical Center and Bellevue Hospital center were enrolled. A control group included healthy newborns from the newborn nursery (NBN). Serum samples were collected between 24 and 48 h of life from both groups.ResultsThere was no significant difference in the serum levels of GFAP, UCHL-1 protein and pNF-H between the two groups of infants.ConclusionNewborns at risk for HIE who met the initial criteria for head cooling but who were excluded based on normal aEEG did not show significant elevation of biomarkers of brain injury compared to healthy newborns. These findings may help to validate using aEEG as an additional evaluation criteria in cooling.
Culture and Stock Price Reaction to Private Information
Authors: Todea Anita 
Published: July 2018

Abstract
This paper examines the impact of culture on stock price informativeness in a sample of firms from 23 developed stock markets. We find that the information content of private information in stock prices is higher in more individualistic countries and in low uncertainty-avoiding countries. Moreover, financial openness stimulates the incorporation of private information into individualistic countries and in low uncertainty-avoiding countries.
Mirror therapy for phantom limb and stump pain: a randomized controlled clinical trial in landmine amputees in Cambodia
Authors: Ol Ha Sam , Van Heng Yang , Danielsson Lena , Husum Hans 
Published: July 2018

Abstract

Background and aims
The aim of the study was to examine the effect of mirror and tactile therapy on phantom and stump pain in patients with traumatic amputations, with particular reference to amputees in low-income communities.

Methods
The study was conducted with an open, randomized, semi-crossover case-control design in rural Cambodia. A study sample of 45 landmine victims with trans-tibial amputations was allocated to three treatment arms; mirror therapy, tactile therapy, and combined mirror-and-tactile therapy. Non-responders from the mono-therapy interventions were crossed over to the alternative intervention. The intervention consisted of 5 min of treatment every morning and evening for 4 weeks. Endpoint estimates of phantom limb pain (PLP), stump pain, and physical function were registered 3 months after the treatment.

Results
All three interventions were associated with more that 50% reduction in visual analogue scale (VAS)-rated PLP and stump pain. Combined mirror-tactile treatment had a significantly better effect on PLP and stump pain than mirror or tactile therapy alone. The difference between the three treatment arms were however slight, and hardly of clinical relevance. After treatment, the reduction of pain remained unchanged for an observation period of 3 months.

Conclusions
The study documents that a 4-week treatment period with mirror and/or tactile therapy significantly reduces PLP and stump pain after trans-tibial amputations.

Implications
The article reports for the first time a randomized controlled trial of mirror therapy in a homogenous sample of persons with traumatic amputations. The findings are of special relevance to amputees in low-resource communities.
Methods for strengthening a weak instrument in the case of a persistent treatment
Authors: Berthélemy Michel , Bonev Petyo , Dussaux Damien , Söderberg Magnus 
Published: July 2018

Abstract
When evaluating policy treatments that are persistent and endogenous, available instrumental variables often exhibit more variation over time than the treatment variable. This leads to a weak instrumental variable problem, resulting in high bias or uninformative confidence intervals. We evaluate two new estimation approaches that strengthen the instrument. We derive their theoretical properties and show in Monte Carlo simulations that they outperform standard IV-estimators. We use our procedures to estimate the effect of public utility divestiture in the US nuclear energy sector. Our results show that divestiture significantly increases production efficiency.
A non-linear Keynesian Goodwin-type endogenous model of the cycle: Bayesian evidence for the USA
Authors: Mariolis Theodore , Konstantakis Konstantinos N. , Michaelides Panayotis G. , Tsionas Efthymios G. 
Published: July 2018

AbstractThis paper incorporates the so-called Bhaduri-Marglin accumulation function in Goodwin’s original growth cycle model and econometrically estimates the proposed model for the case of the US economy in the time period 1960–2012, using a modern Bayesian sequential Monte Carlo method. Based on our findings, the US economy follows an exhilarationist regime throughout our investigation period with the sole exception of an underconsumption regime for the time period 1974–1978. In general, the results suggest that the proposed approach is an appropriate vehicle for expanding and improving traditional Goodwin-type models.
Testing for misspecification in the short-run component of GARCH-type models
Authors: Chuffart Thomas , Flachaire Emmanuel , Péguin-Feissolle Anne 
Published: July 2018

Abstract
In this article, a misspecification test in conditional volatility and GARCH-type models is presented. We propose a Lagrange Multiplier type test based on a Taylor expansion to distinguish between (G)ARCH models and unknown GARCH-type models. This new test can be seen as a general misspecification test of a large set of GARCH-type univariate models. It focuses on the short-term component of the volatility. We investigate the size and the power of this test through Monte Carlo experiments and we compare it to two other standard Lagrange Multiplier tests, which are more restrictive. We show the usefulness of our test with an illustrative empirical example based on daily exchange rate returns.
A Multilevel Computational Characterization of Endophenotypes in Addiction
Authors: Fiore Vincenzo G. , Ognibene Dimitri , Adinoff Bryon , Gu Xiaosi 
Published: July 2018

AbstractAddiction is characterized by a profound intersubject (phenotypic) variability in the expression of addictive symptomatology and propensity to relapse following treatment. However, laboratory investigations have primarily focused on common neural substrates in addiction and have not yet been able to identify mechanisms that can account for the multifaceted phenotypic behaviors reported in the literature. To fill this knowledge gap theoretically, here we simulated phenotypic variations in addiction symptomology and responses to putative treatments, using both a neural model, based on cortico-striatal circuit dynamics, and an algorithmic model of reinforcement learning (RL). These simulations rely on the widely accepted assumption that both the ventral, model-based, goal-directed system and the dorsal, model-free, habitual system are vulnerable to extra-physiologic dopamine reinforcements triggered by addictive rewards. We found that endophenotypic differences in the balance between the two circuit or control systems resulted in an inverted-U shape in optimal choice behavior. Specifically, greater unbalance led to a higher likelihood of developing addiction and more severe drug-taking behaviors. Furthermore, endophenotypes with opposite asymmetrical biases among cortico-striatal circuits expressed similar addiction behaviors, but responded differently to simulated treatments, suggesting personalized treatment development could rely on endophenotypic rather than phenotypic differentiations. We propose our simulated results, confirmed across neural and algorithmic levels of analysis, inform on a fundamental and, to date, neglected quantitative method to characterize clinical heterogeneity in addiction.
Health of Infants After ART-Treated, Subfertile, and Fertile Deliveries
Authors: Hwang Sunah S. , Dukhovny Dmitry , Gopal Daksha , Cabral Howard , Missmer Stacey , Diop Hafsatou , Declercq Eugene , Stern Judy E. 
Published: July 2018

OBJECTIVES:
To assess the risk of adverse health outcomes for infants after assisted reproductive technology (ART)–treated and subfertile as compared with fertile deliveries.

METHODS:
Live-born singleton infants ≥23 weeks’ gestational age (GA) born in Massachusetts between July 1, 2004, and December 31, 2010, were analyzed by linking a clinical ART database with state vital records. χ2 tests were used to compare the outcomes of fertile (those without ART treatment or other indicators of infertility), subfertile (indicators of infertility, no ART), and ART-treated (linked to ART deliveries) mothers, stratified by GA. Adjusted odds ratios (aORs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were calculated by using multivariate logistic regression within each GA stratum, controlling for maternal sociodemographic and health characteristics.

RESULTS:
Compared with infants of fertile mothers (n = 336 705), infants born to subfertile (n = 5043) or ART-treated (n = 8375) mothers were more likely to be preterm (aOR 1.39 [95% CI 1.26–1.54] and aOR 1.72 [95% CI 1.60–1.85], respectively) and have respiratory and gastrointestinal and/or nutritional conditions (aOR range: 1.12–1.18). When stratified by GA, infants of subfertile or ART-treated mothers were at greater risk for congenital malformations and infectious diseases as well as cardiovascular and respiratory conditions (aOR range: 1.30–2.61; 95% CI range: 1.02–4.59). Compared with infants born to subfertile mothers, infants born to ART-treated mothers were at lower risk for being small for GA and having congenital malformations and cardiovascular conditions and at higher risk for infectious disease conditions.

CONCLUSIONS:
Compared with infants born to fertile mothers, infants of subfertile and ART-treated mothers are at greater risk for adverse health outcomes at birth beyond prematurity. The occurrence and magnitude of these risks vary by GA and organ systems.
«Советский нищий»: опыт реконструкции коллективного портрета 1950-х гг.
Authors: Зубкова Елена Юрьевна 
Published: July 2018

Елена Юрьевна Зубкова – д. и. н., главный научный сотрудник, руководитель Центра социальной истории России, Институт российской истории РАН, Москва, Россия. Электронная почта: elena.zubkova@mail.ru
Статья рассматривает реконструкцию коллективного портрета советских нищих середины 1950-х гг. – комплекс социально-демографических, экономических, социокультурных характеристик, дающих представление о нищих как маргинальной социальной группе. Исследование основано на материалах статистического учета нищих Министерства внутренних дел CCCР и документах Комитета государственного контроля СССР, который в 1954 г. организовал масштабную проверку состояния борьбы с нищенством в городах и регионах страны. Источники содержат информацию о численности, возрасте, уровне материального обеспечения, состоянии здоровья, мотивации людей, занимающихся нищенством. Обобщенные характеристики дополняют отдельные жизненные истории нищих. Факторы риска, толкающие людей на путь нищенства, были самыми разными: бедность, отсутствие социальной поддержки, преклонный возраст, инвалидность, болезнь (в том числе алкогольная зависимость), отсутствие жилья (бездомность), сиротство, многодетность, невозможность найти работу, одиночество, наличие судимости, утрата документов. Как правило, к нищенству вела их совокупность. Среди людей, занимающихся нищенством, можно выделить несколько социальных типажей: инвалиды, старики, одинокие матери с детьми, многодетные родители, люди с судимостью, выпускники детских домов, бывшая домашняя прислуга, лица, страдающие алкогольной зависимостью. Эти типажи, как и факторы риска, часто носили смешанный характер. Типичная фигура нищего – одинокий пожилой инвалид. Свою нишу занимали «профессиональные» нищие, хотя по численности они уступали «вынужденным» нищим. Советские нищие в основном рекрутировались из социально уязвимых слоев населения. Наличие значительного числа людей, для которых нищенство стало основной стратегией выживания, а также широкого спектра факторов риска, провоцирующих нищенство, свидетельствовало о серьезных изъянах советской социальной политики, особенно в части поддержки незащищенных слоев населения и разработки адаптационных стратегий для аутсайдеров.
Независимые медиа и инициативы государственной семейной политики на этапе «пронаталистского поворота»
Authors: Радина Надежда Константиновна 
Published: July 2018

Надежда Константиновна Радина – д. п.н., профессор, департамент социальных наук, Национальный исследовательский университета Высшая школа экономики, Нижний Новгород, Россия. Электронная почта: nradina@hse.ru
В статье анализируется изменение фреймирования семейных отношений в текстах независимых СМИ до и после «пронаталистского поворота» семейной политики в 2006 г. Автор опирается на модель Пирса Робинсона, согласно которой только в ситуации политической неопределенности СМИ предлагают различные позиции и критику. Проблематизируется способность массмедиа выстраивать не только стратегии подчинения политической власти, но и стратегии сопротивления, особенно в случаях, когда СМИ позиционируют себя как независимого агента политического влияния. В качестве инструмента сбора эмпирических данных используется культуромика – метод исследования культурных и социальных процессов с помощью статистического анализа употребления слов и словосочетаний в значительных текстовых массивах. На основе статистического анализа употребления слов в изучаемых массмедиа выделяется фрейм-структура «семья», типичная для определенного периода. На основе статистического анализа употребления словосочетаний анализируется содержание статей, описывающих семейные отношения в СМИ. Материалом исследования выступили архивы «Газета.Ru», «Коммерсантъ», «РБК», «Новой газеты» за 16 лет (2000–2015 г.). Согласно результатам исследования, изучаемые СМИ практически не используют стратегии сопротивления. Так, «Газета.Ru» включается в пронаталистский дискурс, используя практики рефрейминга, формулирует иную точку зрения на ряд аспектов государственной семейной политики. «РБК», практикуя стратегию развлечения, поддерживает государственный пронатализм. «Коммерсантъ» одновременно игнорирует «пронаталистский поворот» и использует рефрейминг традиционной семейной тематики. «Новая газета» игнорирует «пронаталистский поворот». Выдвигается предположение, что политические элиты в России не рассматривают семейную политику как пространство реализации политических интересов. Критика «пронаталистского поворота», разделяемая исследователями, не поддерживается российской политической элитой.
Same-Gender Biracial Parenthood and the True Cost of Raising a Transgender Teen: An Ethnographic Case Study
Authors: Vernon Muriel 
Published: July 2018

Abstract
This ethnographic case study illustrates how same-gendered biracial parents raising a transgender teen manage challenges interacting with transgender pediatric and adolescent health care settings. Their experiences show that obtaining puberty blocking hormones in elite medical settings systematically alienates transgender teens and their multi-marginalized families who lack White, heteronormative, and socioeconomic privilege. In this particular case, the dependence on low-cost State-sponsored medical coverage of puberty blocking hormones and the need to live near expensive “diverse” neighborhoods and “tolerant” schools takes away the families' choice of employment, career advancement, and geographic location. The cultural norms based on assumed cultural similarity that inform the current medical model in transgender adolescent health care thus do not take into account the burdens of multi-minority stressors for queer, poor families of color.
Lost in Translation: Anthropological Reflections on Cancer Survivorship in Primary Care
Authors: Rubinstein Ellen B. 
Published: July 2018

Abstract
In 2006, the Institute of Medicine released a report detailing how cancer survivors in the United States were “lost in transition” from specialty to primary care. Here, I address a different problem: that of being “lost in translation.” Interviews with cancer survivors in community-based primary care practices across the United States revealed a fundamental disconnect between survivorship rhetoric and patients' perspectives on what was clinically, emotionally, and physically relevant to them. In reflecting on this disconnect, I ask how anthropologists can negotiate top-down stakeholder interests with ground-level understandings in biomedical research settings, where clinicians and biomedical scientists often dictate the terms of research. I argue that anthropology has a valuable role to play in teasing out the complexities of clinical and identity categories in biomedical research.
Seeking the American Dream Along the United States – Mexico Border
Authors: Morales Maria Cristina , Mendoza Juan 
Published: July 2018

Abstract
Largely missing from public policy discussions on education and border crossing at the U.S. Mexico border are the experiences of transnational students. In this article, we illustrate some of the struggles of transnational students crossing from Ciudad Juárez, Chihuahua, México to El Paso, Texas, U.S.A. in pursue of an American education. These students are in K-12 and higher education and their daily commute (or almost daily) entail a start time before sunrise to cross the international port of entry to attend American schools. The majority of these students are U.S. citizens that reside on the Mexican side of the border. In this paper, we provide a glimpse into these students struggles for a U.S. education and discuss some political implications of this phenomena.
Engaging Latino Patients in Diabetes Research: What We Are Learning
Authors: Page-Reeves Janet , Regino Lidia , Tellez Maria , Pedigo Blanca , Perez Esperanza 
Published: July 2018

Abstract
Through a collaborative partnership between Latino diabetes patients, community stakeholders, and researchers, we developed insights into patient-engaged research. Here, we share what we have learned about a patient-engaged research process in relation to the experience of our Patient Advisors and to the research itself. To develop this manuscript, we engaged in ex post facto critical analysis of our collaborative experience. We include our own musings with input and insights from our Patient Advisors. We learned how our Patient Advisors experience and participate in research, and we revealed dimensions of the research process. Our patient-engaged research with this population is supported by funding for stipends and food, acknowledging patient perspectives and experience, attention to communication issues, strong listening skills, relationship-building, and spending time creating an integrated group dynamic. Using this approach, patient ideas and concerns can be successfully incorporated into research design.
“Let the Horse Run”: Assessing the Potentiality, Challenges, and Future Sustainability of CHWS in Indiana
Authors: Logan Ryan I. 
Published: July 2018

Abstract
The use of community health workers (CHWs) as distinct members of the health care workforce has waxed and waned throughout the last fifty years in the United States. As medical laypersons that are often members of the communities they work within, CHWs are poised to create significant health impacts through their primary roles as health educators, advocates, and by serving as a bridge to the biomedical realm for marginalized communities. While several states have well-established CHW programs, many have not integrated CHWs into their workforce. This article outlines several applied findings from a dissertation project in Indiana, a state on the cusp of introducing legislation and CHW development to further implement this position into the health care workforce. The applied findings discussed in this article include the potentialities, challenges, and future sustainability of CHWs following eleven months of fieldwork and fifty semi-structured interviews.
THE COLLECTIVE ACTIONS HELD HOSTAGE BY THE AUTHORITARISM
Authors: Grinover Ada Pellegrini 
Published: July 2018

The judicial protection of collective interests represents, at the end of the millennium, one of the most impressive conquests of the Brazilian legal system. The transindividual interests which are particular to mass society are full of political relevance and, to that extent, are capable of transforming stratified judicial concepts. The recognition of these interests and the need to protect them have highlighted their political configuration in Brazil. In this way, the theory of public liberty forged a new “generation” of fundamental rights. In the same way, one can note that, at the constitutional level, the concepts of jurisdiction and litigation were renewed, while some fundamental guarantees were reformed. The most notable revolution, however, might have taken place in the procedural sphere, departing from an individual process model toward a social process model In Brazil, the Judiciary power has also taken advantage of class action lawsuits in terms of rationalization and work projection. The social objective of the judicial function was lost in view of the fragmentation and the pulverization of conflicts, always regarded as individual. There is a notable tendency to replace atomized decisions with a molecular treatment of litigation. Nevertheless, the Executive power has revealed itself to be inattentive to the reality of collective action and has tried to reduce its effectiveness, limiting access to courts, compressing the associative moment, and diminishing the role of the Judiciary. In this perspective, many years after the introduction of judicial protection for collective and diffuse interests in Brazil, the balance would have been positive, had the government not adopted an authoritarian line when applying legal treatment to the matter. It is possible to affirm that collective actions are a part of the current legal routine, despite the attacks which they suffer. The Judiciary power is significantly implanted in this context, it is conscious of its new role and of its renewed importance, and by way of its sentences, it was capable of occupying a position of leadership which points toward future challenges. The only note that rings false in this context is the attitude of the government with relation to the use of Provisional Measures to reverse such a situation, attacking collective actions and trying to diminish their efficiency in order to limit the access to Justice, to frustrate the associative moment and to make the Judiciary seem less important. The Legislative power, complacent or inattentive, has not been able to resist the attacks and to react to the attitudes of the government.