bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Transgenerational Epigenetic Inheritance Is Negatively Regulated by the HERI-1 Chromodomain Protein
Authors: Perales Roberto , Pagano Daniel , Wan Gang , Fields Brandon D , Saltzman Arneet L , Kennedy Scott G 
Published: November 2018

Abstract
Transgenerational epigenetic inheritance (TEI) is the inheritance of epigenetic information for two or more generations. In most cases, TEI is limited to a small number of generations (two to three). The short-term nature of TEI could be set by innate biochemical limitations to TEI or by genetically encoded systems that actively limit TEI. In Caenorhabditis elegans, double-stranded RNA (dsRNA)-mediated gene silencing [RNAi (RNA interference)] can be inherited (termed RNAi inheritance or RNA-directed TEI). To identify systems that might actively limit RNA-directed TEI, we conducted a forward genetic screen for factors whose mutation enhanced RNAi inheritance. This screen identified the gene heritable enhancer of RNAi (heri-1), whose mutation causes RNAi inheritance to last longer (&gt; 20 generations) than normal. heri-1 encodes a protein with a chromodomain, and a kinase homology domain that is expressed in germ cells and localizes to nuclei. In C. elegans, a nuclear branch of the RNAi pathway [termed the nuclear RNAi or NRDE (nuclear RNA defective) pathway] promotes RNAi inheritance. We find that heri-1(−) animals have defects in spermatogenesis that are suppressible by mutations in the nuclear RNAi Argonaute (Ago) HRDE-1, suggesting that HERI-1 might normally act in sperm progenitor cells to limit nuclear RNAi and/or RNAi inheritance. Consistent with this idea, we find that the NRDE nuclear RNAi pathway is hyperresponsive to experimental RNAi treatments in heri-1 mutant animals. Interestingly, HERI-1 binds to genes targeted by RNAi, suggesting that HERI-1 may have a direct role in limiting nuclear RNAi and, therefore, RNAi inheritance. Finally, the recruitment of HERI-1 to chromatin depends upon the same factors that drive cotranscriptional gene silencing, suggesting that the generational perdurance of RNAi inheritance in C. elegans may be set by competing pro- and antisilencing outputs of the nuclear RNAi machinery.
Distinct Roles for Peroxisomal Targeting Signal Receptors Pex5 and Pex7 in Drosophila
Authors: Di Cara Francesca , Rachubinski Richard A , Simmonds Andrew J 
Published: November 2018

Abstract
Peroxisomes are ubiquitous membrane-enclosed organelles involved in lipid processing and reactive oxygen detoxification. Mutations in human peroxisome biogenesis genes (Peroxin, PEX, or Pex) cause developmental disabilities and often early death. Pex5 and Pex7 are receptors that recognize different peroxisomal targeting signals called PTS1 and PTS2, respectively, and traffic proteins to the peroxisomal matrix. We characterized mutants of Drosophila melanogaster Pex5 and Pex7 and found that adult animals are affected in lipid processing. Pex5 mutants exhibited severe developmental defects in the embryonic nervous system and muscle, similar to what is observed in humans with PEX5 mutations, while Pex7 fly mutants were weakly affected in brain development, suggesting different roles for fly Pex7 and human PEX7. Of note, although no PTS2-containing protein has been identified in Drosophila, Pex7 from Drosophila can function as a bona fide PTS2 receptor because it can rescue targeting of the PTS2-containing protein thiolase to peroxisomes in PEX7 mutant human fibroblasts.
Analysis of Repeat Induced Point (RIP) Mutations in Leptosphaeria maculans Indicates Variability in the RIP Process Between Fungal Species
Authors: Van de Wouw Angela P , Elliott Candace E , Popa Kerryn M , Idnurm Alexander 
Published: November 2018

Abstract
Gene duplication contributes to evolutionary potential, yet many duplications in a genome arise from the activity of “selfish” genetic elements such as transposable elements. Fungi have a number of mechanisms by which they limit the expansion of transposons, including Repeat Induced Point mutation (RIP). RIP has been best characterized in the Sordariomycete Neurospora crassa, wherein duplicated DNA regions are recognized after cell fusion, but before nuclear fusion during the sexual cycle, and then mutated. While “signatures” of RIP appear in the genome sequences of many fungi, the species most distant from N. crassa in which the process has been experimentally demonstrated to occur is the Dothideomycete Leptosphaeria maculans. In the current study, we show that similar to N. crassa, nonlinked duplications can trigger RIP; however, the frequency of the generated RIP mutations is extremely low in L maculans (&lt; 0.1%) and requires a large duplication to initiate RIP, and that multiple premeiotic mitoses are involved in the RIP process. However, a single sexual cycle leads to the generation of progeny with unique haplotypes, despite progeny pairs being generated from mitosis. We hypothesize that these different haplotypes may be the result of the deamination process occurring post karyogamy, leading to unique mutations within each of the progeny pairs. These findings indicate that the RIP process, while common to many fungi, differs between fungi and that this impacts on the fate of duplicated DNA.
Impact of the Flexoelectric Coupling and Electrostriction on the Dispersion of Soft Phonon Modes and Neutron Scattering in Ferroelectrics
Authors: Scherbakov C. M. 
Published: November 2018

Within the Landau–Ginzburg–Devonshire (LGD) theory framework, the impact of the flexocoupling and electrostriction on the soft phonon dispersion and neutron scattering spectra is analyzed, and analytical expressions are derived. The impact of the higher gradient term in the LGD functional is studied analytically. The existence of incommensurate modulations in a temperature interval higher than the Curie temperature TC, but lower than the temperature of incommensurate phase transition TIC, TC < T < TIC, and under the condition of the flexocoefficient magnitude ranging over the critical value, |f| > fcr(T), is established. The influence of the dynamic flexocoefficient M, suggested in [1], on phonon spectra is studied. We consider various parameters of the free energy functional; especially, we have discovered a significant contribution of the electrostriction to the appearance of a commensurate phase. In the recent years, the various methods based on the neutron scattering acquire more applications to study phonons in solid crystals. We have analyzed neutron scattering spectra and shown that theoretical predictions are in a very good agreement with observed data.
New altitudinal distribution record and updated geographic distribution of the freshwater crab Trichodactylus fluviatilis Latreille, 1828 (Crustacea, Trichodactylidae)
Authors: Brito-Fonseca Vanessa , Alencar Carlos , Moraes Savio , Vale Valéria , Freire Fúlvio 
Published: November 2018

The freshwater crab Trichodactylus fluviatilis Latreille, 1828 is recorded here for the first time, at an altitude above 1000 m a.s.l. Sampling was performed in the Grota stream in Campos das Vertentes, Minas Gerais state, Brazil. This new record extends the known altitudinal distribution to 1115 m a.s.l., which significantly contributes to understanding the conditioning limits and factors for this species’ distribution. Moreover, the occurrence of an ectosymbiont platyhelminth of the genus Temnocephala is also reported on the crabs collected.
Introduction Pages
Authors: SESTRAS Radu E. 
Published: November 2018

Notulae Scientia Biologicae (http://www.notulaebiologicae.ro), Issue 3, Volume 10, 2018: The papers published in this issue (http://www.notulaebiologicae.ro/index.php/nsb/issue/current) represent interesting novelties in different topics of life science. Among the exciting researches, we invite readers to find news about: activities of certain serum enzymes and levels of some biochemical parameters in spent horses with liver damage; carbapenem-resistant Enterobacteriaceae among in-patients of tertiary hospitals in Southwest, Nigeria; an ethnobotanical study of plant species used for medicine by the Eegun indigenous tribal group of Lagos State, Nigeria; essential oil composition and antimicrobial activity of Achillea biebersteinii Afan. (Asteraceae) from Erzincan Region, Turkey; regulatory network identification, promoter and expression analysis of Arabidopsis thaliana NPR1 in defense responses against stresses; influence of extraction scheme on the antioxidant potential of Caralluma tuberculate; phytogeographical affinities of tree species of Similipal Biosphere Reserve, Odisha, India; vegetation dynamics and species diversity in a Saharan Oasis, Egypt; fungal and insect pests of the edible mushroom Pleurotus ostreatus; yellow rust (Puccinia striiformis), a serious threat to wheat production worldwide; biochemical markers of salt stress in European larch (Larix decidua) etc.
Comparison Performances of PSO and GA to Tuning PID Controller for the DC Motor
Authors: YAZGAN Harun , YENER Furkan , SOYSAL Semih , GÜR Ahmet 
Published: November 2018

A DC motor widely uses for sensitive
speed and position in industry. Stability and productivity of a system are
important for controlling of a DC motor speed. Stable of speed which affected
from load fluctuation and environmental factors. Therefore, it is important for
the speed value which is required as constant and to keep it as its value. In
this study, it is aimed that the speed value which is achieved as required
value and keeping it as constant using Proportional, Integral and Derivative
(PID) controller for tuning parameters. Firstly, Ziegler-Nichols (ZN) is one of
a traditional method used. PID parameters are determined with responses of
open-loop under running system. Later, parameters of the PID are estimated
using two metaheuristic algorithms such as Particle Swarm Optimization (PSO)
and Genetic Algorithm (GA). As a result, three algorithms’ results are compared
based on five criteria. The PSO
algorithm produces better results than Genetic Algorithm for each criteria.
On the Butterflies of Savur district (Mardin Province, Southeastern Turkey)
Authors: SEVEN Erdem , YILDIZ Cihan 
Published: November 2018

In this study, collected butterfly species from Savur
district of Mardin in 2016 and 2017 were presented. A total of 35 species were
given in the Papilionidae (2), Pieridae (11),
Satyridae (8), Argynnidae (4),
Lycaenidae (5) and Hesperiidae (5) families. Original reference, synonyms, and
examined materials were added for each species. All of the butterflies that are
presented are new to fauna of Savur district. However 6 species: Euchloe
ausonia (Hübner, [1804]),
Pieris
brassicae (Linnaeus, 1758) (Pieridae),
Melitaea
phoebe (Goeze, 1779) (Argynnidae), Plebejus
sephirus (Frivaldszky, 1835) (Lycaenidae), Carcharodus lavatherae (Esper, [1783]) and Eogenes
alcides Herrich-Schäffer,
[1852] (Hesperiidae) are the first record for Mardin Province.
Ateş Böceği Algoritmasını Kullanarak Kardiyak Aritmi Teşhisi
Authors: KOÇYİĞİT Yücel , DİLMAÇ Selim 
Published: November 2018

Elektrokardiyografik
sinyallerdeki aritmileri otomatik olarak teşhis etmek ve kalp atım tipini
sınıflandırma için yeni yöntemler geliştirilmektedir. Bu çalışmada, veri
kümelemesi için Ateş böceği(AB) ve Bulanık C-Ortalama (BCO) algoritmalarını
kullanarak K-En Yakın Komşuluk (K-EYK) yöntemiyle EKG aritmilerinin
sınıflandırmasını gerçekleştirdik. Ateş böceği algoritmasının sonuçları,
Bulanık C-Ortalama algoritması başarı sonuçları ile karşılaştırılmıştır. EKG
verileri MITBIH veri tabanından elde edilmiştir. Ateş böceği ve Bulanık C-Ortalama algoritmalarını
kullanarak, sınıflandırma doğruluk oranı sırasıyla %99,47 ve %99,54 olarak
bulunmuştur.
AZERBAYCAN’DA KOLOREKTAL NEOPLASTİK VE NONNEOPLASTİK HASTALIKLARIN ORANI VE HİSTOPATOLOJİK ÖZELLİKLERİ
Authors: SÜLEYMAN Nigar 
Published: November 2018

Giriş ve Amaç: Kolorektal hastalıklarının birçoğunun insanların yaşı, cinsiyeti, ırkı, etnik kökeni ve coğrafi konumu ile ilgileşim gösterdiği bilinmektedir. Literatürde Azerbeycan’da kolorektal patolojilerin dağılımını irdeleyen herhangi bir çalışma bulunmadığından, biz bu kesitsel çalışmamızda 8 yıl içinde yaptığımız 289 kolonoskopi incelemesindeki neoplastik ve non neoplastik hastalıkların oranını ve histopatolojik özelliklerini değerlendirdik. Gereç ve Yöntem: 2009-2017 tarihleri arasında Bakü’de Oksigen, Hayat ve Azerbaycan Tıp Üniversitesi’nin Eğitim ve Tedavi kliniklerinde çeşitli endikasyonlara göre yaptığımız kolonoskopileri ve histopatolojik sonuçlarını değerlendirdik. Bulgular: Toplam 289 vakaya kolonoskopi uyguladık (89 erkek ve 200 kadın, yaş ortalaması 43.6±14.0). Alt gastrointestinal sistem şikayetleri ile baş vurmuş hastaların (hasta grubu; 241 vaka, 73 erkek ve 168 kadın, yaş ortalaması 42.4±14.3) 69’unda (%28.6) kolonoskopi sonucu normal bulunurken, 23’ünde (%9.5) divertikül, 12’sinde (%5) divertikülit, 4’ünde (%1.7) inflamatuvar barsak hastalığı, 50’sinde (%20.7) tanımlanmamış kolit, 4’ünde (%1.7) anjiyodisplazi, 4’ünde (%1.7) melanozis koli, 52’sinde (%21.6) polip, 9’unda (%3.7) ise kanser görüldü. Hasta grubundaki vakaların 86’sında (%35.7) klinik ve endoskopik olarak hemoroit, 10’unda (%4.1) anal fissür, 15’inde (%6.2) hemoroitle fissür birlikteliği vardı. Kontrol amaçlı asemptomatik 48 vakadan (kontrol grubu,16 erkek ve 32 kadın, yaş ortalaması 49.6±10.6) oluşan gruptaki olguların 26’sında (%54.2) makroskobik olarak hiç bir patoloji görülmezken, 2’sinde (%4.2) tanımlanmamış kolit, 12’sinde (%25) ise polip saptandı. Kontrol grubunda vakaların 13’ünde (%27) asemptomatik hemoroit görüldü. Histopatoloji tipine göre hasta grubundaki poliplerin %5.5’i inflamatuvar polip, %30.6’sı hiperplastik polip, %55.6’sı tübüler adenom, %5.5’i villöz adenom, %2.8’i ise tübülo-villöz adenom idi. Kolonoskopide kanser olarak tanımladığımız tümörler histopatolojik açıdan adenokarsinom yapısında idi. Kontrol grubundaki poliplerin %40’ı hiperplastik polip, %60’ı tübüler adenom olarak tanımlandı. Yapılan kolonoskopik işlemler sırasında komplikasyonla karşılaşmadık.Sonuç: Alt gastrointestinal şikayetler ve kolonoskopide saptanan polip oranı arasında ilişki tespit edilemezken (olasılık oranı=0.83; yaygınlık oranı=0.864), şikayetler ve kalın barsağın iltihabi hastalıklarının oranı arasında çok belirgin bir karşılıklı ilişkinin mevcut olduğu tespit edildi (olasılık oranı=10.59).
Spectrum of otorhinolaryngological disorders among hospitalized adults in a tertiary care teaching hospital
Authors: Anwar M. Mohamed , Jesudoss A. , Gowarthan S. , Thirumalaikolundu Subramanian P. , Prabhusaran N. 
Published: November 2018

<p class="abstract"><strong>Background:</strong> A retrospective descriptive study was made to find out the disease pattern, regional mobility, co-morbid details and malignancies related to otorhinolaryngological disorders.</p><p class="abstract"><strong>Methods:</strong> Consecutive patients admitted to male and female wards over a period of 24 months commencing from May 2016 to April 2018 to a rural teaching hospital formed the materials. Their socio-demographic details, nature of illnesses, clinical course, final diagnosis and interventions made were collected from the case records and analyzed. </p><p class="abstract"><strong>Results:</strong> During the study period 1740 cases were admitted; 854 (49.4) males and 886 (50.9%) females. Among them 642 (34.9%) suffered from otological disorders, and the rest had, rhinological related (607; 34.9%), laryngeal related (321; 18.4%) and other illnesses (170; 9.8%). The region wise data were also analyzed and recorded. Among the malignancies, oropharyngeal dominated followed by laryngopharyngeal and laryngeal. Among the in-patients studied, ear diseases were more common and these were followed by nose and throat diseases.</p><p class="abstract"><strong>Conclusions:</strong> It is suggested to train primary care doctors and other health care workers on common ENT disorders to provide attention and care for emergency cases and refer the deserving cases in time to higher centres for appropriate care and management.</p>
Más allá de la economía, el bien común de la humanidad
Authors: Houtart François 
Published: November 2018

Cuando en los primeros años del siglo XIII, al comienzo del desarrollo del capitalismo mercantil en el Norte de Italia, Francisco de Asís se desnudó para entregar sus vestidos de lujo a su propio padre, rico mercader de la ciudad, su acto fue una crítica radical de las relaciones sociales de la nueva era económica. La pobreza que él y sus seguidores adoptaron era la afirmación de otro tipo de concepción social, donde la importancia de la persona no pasaba por su capacidad de producir un valor de cambio, ni por su posibilidad de consumo suntuario.
"Economia do Care" e “Economia da Longevidade”: o envelhecimento populacional a partir de novos conceitos
Authors: Felix Jorgemar Soares 
Published: November 2018

O objetivo deste artigo é expor e discutir novos conceitos que se aplicam aos estudos do envelhecimento populacional no âmbito das ciências econômica e social, especificamente os da “Economia da Longevidade” (FELIX, 2007) e da “Economia do Care” (ZELIZER, 2008). São explicitadas as razões e justificativas econômicas para adoção, exploração e inclusão de tais conceitos diante da necessidade de estudar e atender a demandas sociais suscitadas pela dinâmica demográfica internacional. Demonstra-se como, na prática, essas denominações estão autonomizadas e incorporadas no funcionamento da economia real. Defende-se que a “Economia do Care” é parte da “Economia da Longevidade”, que engloba uma amplitude de relações socioeconômicas. Por fim, justifica-se como essas novas nomenclaturas podem ser úteis para induzir políticas públicas e comportamentos de mercado numa sociedade envelhecida a favor do desenvolvimento econômico.
Aspectos da insegurança alimentar no Brasil de hoje: notas para discussão
Authors: Narciso Gomes Jr Newton 
Published: November 2018

Resumo: A pandemia do excesso de peso já é considerada um dos males do século XXI em razão dos impactos sobre a saúde das pessoas. Ademais, os gastos anuais com todas as doenças relacionadas com o sobrepeso e obesidade, segundo Bahia et al. (2012), chegam a US$ 1,4 bilhões, distribuídos em hospitalizações (64,8%) e procedimentos ambulatoriais (36,2%). Os autores destacam que pelo menos 10% desses custos estão diretamente relacionados com a incidência de sobrepeso e obesidade. O cenário alimentar da sociedade brasileira, no qual metade da população convive com o sobrepeso e a obesidade, é o espaço de reflexão deste ensaio, que discute a insegurança alimentar e seus determinantes. O objetivo perseguido nesta reflexão é demonstrar que a transição alimentar em curso precisa ser revertida e que, para tanto, há que se resgatar para o imaginário social a tradição das refeições e das formas de acesso aos alimentos o que implica na defesa de um conjunto de políticas públicas para a produção de alimentos, comercialização e educação alimentar. Palavras-chave: Insegurança Alimentar, Excesso de Peso, Transição Alimentar, Políticas Públicas. Abstract: The pandemic of overweight is now considered one of the evils of the twenty-first century because of impacts on people's health. Moreover, annual spending on all diseases related to overweight and obesity according Bahia et al. (2012) come to $ 1.4 billion, distributed in hospitalizations, 64.8 % and 36.2 % in outpatient procedures. The author point out that at least 10 % of these costs are directly related to the incidence of overweight and obesity. The food scenario of Brazilian society where half the population lives with overweight and obesity is the space of reflection of this essay that discusses food insecurity and its determinants. The objective pursued in this reflection is to demonstrate that food ongoing transition must be reversed and that there is much for which to redeem the social imaginary tradition meals and forms of access to foods which implies the defense of a set of public policies for food production, marketing and nutrition education. Key words: Food insecurity, Overweight and obesity, Dietary transition, Public policies.
Pedagogías emancipadoras de nuestra América. El legado de José Martí
Authors: Imen Pablo 
Published: November 2018

El proyecto común e inconcluso de Nuestra América es la asignatura pendiente fundamental de esta hora. Esta construcción es el hilo común que une pasado y presente, a más de doscientos años de iniciado este camino. Entonces era, y sigue siendo, necesario inventar un proyecto cultural, ideológico, económico-social, político-institucional, militar, civilizatorio de inspiración y contenido descolonizador, democrático, igualitario, emancipador que haga frente a las alternativas de subordinación y sometimiento que nos fueron impuestas en estos dos siglos.
FINANCIAL AND LOGISTIC COORDINATION IN THE CONTEXT OF PROVIDING SUSTAINABLE URBAN DEVELOPMENT IN TERMS OF DECENTRALIZATION IN UKRAINE
Authors: Averkynа M. F. , Shulyk Y. V. 
Published: November 2018

The article considers the necessity of financial logistic coordination, which involves attracting financial resources in those subsystems of the territories that are most favorable for the rational use of socio-ecological and economic resources, their reproduction, achievement of socio-ecological and economic security and increase in logistics efficiency. It is determined that in order to solve territorial communities’ functioning issues and to ensure their development there is a need to combine local, state and private finances. Effective financial coordination will make it possible to use the resources of the territories efficiently, reduce the use of territories' external resources sub-systems and maximize the provision of their functioning by internal resources. The main resources, revenues and expenditures that provide financial logistics of the territories in Ukraine are estimated. The first results from the implementation of decentralization reform revealed a number of issues: the dependence of Ukraine's local finances on public finances, the social orientation of expenditures etc.. The necessity of completing the process of inter-budgetary relations decentralization and coordination was singled out. The authors identified necessary changes on the state level in order to improve coordination of financial flows and development of the territories. Financial logistics coordination at the local level should solve a number of problems: filling of local budgets with their own financial resources; regulation of prices and tariffs for utilities; increase of communal enterprises and institutions financing; increase of capital expenditures in the spheres of local governments improvement and modernization; investment attraction ; improve the use of local debt securities.