bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Concurrent Training and Detraining: The Influence of Different Aerobic Intensities
Authors: Sousa António C. , Neiva Henrique P. , Gil Maria H. , Izquierdo Mikel , Rodríguez-Rosell David , Marques Mário C. , Marinho Daniel A. 
Published: April 2019

Abstract
Sousa, AC, Neiva, HP, Gil, MH, Izquierdo, M, Rodríguez-Rosell, D, Marques, MC, and Marinho, DA. Concurrent training and detraining: the influence of different aerobic intensities. J Strength Cond Res 34(9): 2565–2574, 2020—The aim of this study was to verify the effects of different aerobic intensities combined with the same resistance training on strength and aerobic performances. Thirty-nine men were randomly assigned to a low-intensity group (LIG), moderate-intensity group (MIG), high-intensity group (HIG), and a control group. The training program consisted of full squat, jumps, sprints, and running at 80% (LIG), 90% (MIG), or 100% (HIG) of the maximal aerobic speed for 16–20 minutes. The training period lasted for 8 weeks, followed by 4 weeks of detraining. Evaluations included 20-m sprints (0–10 m: T10; 0–20 m: T20), shuttle run, countermovement jump (CMJ), and strength (1RMest) in full squat. There were significant improvements from pre-training to post-training in T10 (LIG: 4%; MIG: 5%; HIG: 2%), T20 (3%; 4%; 2%), CMJ (9%; 10%; 7%), 1RMest (13%; 7%; 8%), and oxygen uptake (V̇o
2max; 10%; 11%; 10%). Comparing the changes between the experimental groups, 1RMest gains were significantly higher in the LIG than HIG (5%) or MIG (6%). Furthermore, there was a tendency for higher gains in LIG and MIG compared with HIG, with “possibly” or “likely” positive effects in T10, T20, and CMJ. Detraining resulted in performance decrements, but minimal losses were found for V̇o
2max in LIG (−1%). Concurrent training seems to be beneficial for strength and aerobic development regardless of the aerobic training intensity. However, choosing lower intensities can lead to increased strength and is recommended when the cardiorespiratory gains should be maintained for longer.
Echo Intensity Reliability for the Analysis of Different Muscle Areas in Athletes
Authors: Lanferdini Fábio J. , Manganelli Bernardo F. , Lopez Pedro , Klein Kelli D. , Cadore Eduardo L. , Vaz Marco A. 
Published: April 2019

Abstract
Lanferdini, FJ, Manganelli, BF, Lopez, P, Klein, KD, Cadore, EL, and Vaz, MA. Echo intensity reliability for the analysis of different muscle areas in athletes. J Strength Cond Res 33(12): 3353–3360, 2019—Skeletal muscles' echo intensity (EI) is used as a parameter to evaluate muscle damage and muscle quality after exercise or training. However, recent muscle EI studies have used regions of interest (ROIs) of different sizes for assessing muscle damage and muscle quality, which may lead to different results if the different ROIs from the same muscle are not reliable. Although a maximum rectangular ROI (RET-ROI), included in the muscles' anatomical cross-sectional area, can be used to represent the maximum muscle ROI (MAX-ROI), no studies were found that investigated the reliability of the evaluations of different ROIs for the EI of superficial vs. deep muscles of the thigh. In addition, no studies have evaluated different ROIs in cyclists, at different days and analyzed by different raters. The aim of this study was to evaluate the EI reliability of rectus femoris (RF) and vastus intermedius (VI) muscles of cyclists. Twenty cyclists visited the laboratory 4 times for the evaluation of RF and VI muscles transversal ultrasound images. Echo intensity was determined from grayscale mean values by 2 examiners who performed the analysis with 3 different ROIs: MAX-ROI, RET-ROI, and 1-cm2 ROI (1CM-ROI). The between-ROI EI data reliability showed a strong correlation in both RF (r ≥ 0.79) and VI (r ≥ 0.87) muscles. Bland-Altman tests demonstrated high agreement among RF ROI muscle areas (p > 0.05), with no agreement between the VI areas (p < 0.05). Only the RF muscle MAX-ROI, RET-ROI, and 1CM-ROI areas are similar for EI analysis, with no similarities for the same VI muscle areas.
Evaluating the Effects of a Novel Neuromuscular Neck Training Device on Multiplanar Static and Dynamic Neck Strength: A Pilot Study
Authors: Versteegh Theodore H. , Dickey James P. , Emery Carolyn A. , Fischer Lisa K. , MacDermid Joy C. , Walton David M. 
Published: April 2019

AbstractVersteegh, TH, Dickey, JP, Emery, CA, Fischer, LK, MacDermid, JC, and Walton, DM. Evaluating the effects of a novel neuromuscular neck training device on multiplanar static and dynamic neck strength: A pilot study.J Strength Cond Res34(3): 708–716, 2020—The neck serves an important function in damping the transference of acceleration forces between the head and the trunk, such as that occurring during contact sports or motor vehicle collisions. An inability to adequately dissipate forces has been proposed as a potential mechanism for clinical conditions such as whiplash or concussion, but current approaches to neck training may not be targeting the correct mechanisms. The purpose of this study was to explore the training effect of a novel neuromuscular strengthening protocol on dynamic and static neck strength. This was a quasiexperimental pilot study design with intervention (n= 8) and control (n= 10) groups. The intervention group was trained (twice/week, ∼10 minutes, for 7 weeks) on a training device that uses self-generated centripetal force to create a dynamic rotational resistance. This protocol is intended to target the ability of the neck muscles to perform coordinated multiplanar plyometric contractions. Both groups also continued with traditional neck strengthening that included training on a straight-plane, isotonic, 4-way neck machine. Performance on the training device showed improvement after routine practice within 1 week, as evidenced by a trend toward increased peak speed in revolutions per minute (RPM). After 7 weeks, peak RPM increased from 122.8 (95% confidence interval [CI], 91.3–154.4) to 252.3 (95% CI, 241.5–263.1). There was also a large positive effect size (Hedge'sd, 0.68) in isometric composite (multiplane) neck strength favoring the intervention group over the control group (difference, 20 N; 95% CI, −8 to 48). The largest magnitude strength improvement in a single plane was in axial rotation and also favored the intervention group over the control group (Hedge'sd, 1.24; difference, 46 N; 95% CI, 9–83). Future studies should explore whether the dynamic training presented here could help reduce the risk of sports concussion, whiplash, or other head-neck trauma.
Effect of Interset Strategies on Acute Resistance Training Performance and Physiological Responses: A Systematic Review
Authors: Latella Christopher , Grgic Jozo , Van der Westhuizen Dan 
Published: April 2019

Abstract
Latella, C, Grgic, J, and Van der Westhuizen, D. Effect of interset strategies on acute resistance training performance and physiological responses: a systematic review. J Strength Cond Res XX(X): 000–000, 2019—The purpose of this systematic review was to evaluate the evidence surrounding the implementation of interset strategies to optimize acute resistance training performance. Searches of PubMed/MEDLINE, Scopus, and SPORTDiscus electronic databases were conducted. Studies that met the following criteria were included: (a) compared an interset strategy with a traditional passive rest interval in resistance training, (b) the assessed outcomes included performance or physiological responses, (c) resistance training was performed in a traditional dynamic fashion, (d) the study had an acute design, and (e) was published in English and in a peer-reviewed journal. A total of 26 studies were included in the review. When a given interset strategy was used, several studies reported improvements in the number of performed repetitions (i.e., greater total volume load), attenuation of the loss in velocity and power, reduced lactate levels, and in some cases, a decrease in perceived exertion. Dynamic agonist/static antagonist stretching, cooling, aerobic exercise, vibration, and individualized heart rate–based intervals seem to be the most effective strategies. However, the heterogeneity between study designs and methodologies suggests that careful consideration should be given to the type and specific application of the interset method being used. Given the acute nature of studies, extrapolation to any long-term benefits of using a given interset strategy remains limited. Collectively, coaches and sports scientists may consider using the most effective strategies based on practicality and equipment availability to optimize performance during the resistance training component of strength and conditioning programs.
Plyometric Training Improves Not Only Measures of Linear Speed, Power, and Change-of-Direction Speed But Also Repeated Sprint Ability in Young Female Handball Players
Authors: Chaabene Helmi , Negra Yassine , Moran Jason , Prieske Olaf , Sammoud Senda , Ramirez-Campillo Rodrigo , Granacher Urs 
Published: April 2019

Abstract
Chaabene, H, Negra, Y, Moran, J, Prieske, O, Sammoud, S, Ramirez-Campillo, R, and Granacher, U. Plyometric training improves not only measures of linear speed, power, and change-of-direction speed but also repeated sprint ability in young female handball players. J Strength Cond Res 35(8): 2230–2235, 2021—This study examined the effects of an 8-week plyometric training (PT) program on components of physical fitness in young female handball players. Twenty-one female adolescent handball players were assigned to an experimental group (EG, n = 12; age = 15.9 ± 0.2 years) or an active control group (CG, n = 9, age = 15.9 ± 0.3 years). While EG performed plyometric exercises in replacement of some handball-specific drills, CG maintained the regular training schedule. Baseline and follow-up tests were performed for the assessment of linear speed (i.e., 5-, 10-, and 20-m time), change-of-direction (CoD) speed (i.e., T-test time), muscle power (i.e., countermovement jump [CMJ] height and reactive strength index [RSI]), and repeated sprint ability (RSA) (RSA total time [RSAtotal], RSA best time [RSAbest], and RSA fatigue index [RSAFI]). Data were analyzed using magnitude-based inferences. Within-group analyses for the EG revealed moderate-to-large improvements for the 5-m (effect size [ES] = 0.81 [0.1–1.5]), 10-m sprint time (ES = 0.84 [0.1–1.5]), RSI (ES = 0.75 [0.1–1.4]), RSAFI (ES = 0.65 [0.0–1.3]), and T-test time (ES = 1.46 [0.7–2.2]). Trivial-to-small ES was observed for RSAbest (ES = 0.18 [−0.5 to 0.9]), RSAtotal (ES = 0.45 [−0.2 to 1.1]), 20-m sprint time (ES = 0.56 [−0.1 to 1.2]), and CMJ height (ES = 0.57 [−0.1 to 1.3]). For the CG, within-group analyses showed a moderate performance decline for T-test time (ES = −0.71 [−1.5 to 0.1]), small decreases for 5-m sprint time (ES = −0.46 [−1.2 to 0.3]), and a trivial decline for 10-m (ES = −0.10 [−0.9 to 0.7]) and 20-m sprint times (ES = −0.16 [−0.9 to 0.6]), RSAtotal (ES = 0.0 [−0.8 to 0.8]), and RSAbest (ES = −0.20 [−0.9 to 0.6]). The control group achieved trivial-to-small improvements for CMJ height (ES = 0.10 [−0.68 to 0.87]) and RSI (ES = 0.30 [−0.5 to 1.1]). In conclusion, a short-term in-season PT program, in replacement of handball-specific drills, is effective in improving measures of physical fitness (i.e., linear/CoD speed, jumping, and RSA) in young female handball players.
Concurrent Validity of Field-Based Diagnostic Technology Monitoring Movement Velocity in Powerlifting Exercises
Authors: Mitter Benedikt , Hölbling Dominik , Bauer Pascal , Stöckl Michael , Baca Arnold , Tschan Harald 
Published: April 2019

Abstract
Mitter, B, Hölbling, D, Bauer, P, Stöckl, M, Baca, A, and Tschan, H. Concurrent validity of field-based diagnostic technology monitoring movement velocity in powerlifting exercises. J Strength Cond Res 35(8): 2170–2178, 2021—The study was designed to investigate the validity of different technologies used to determine movement velocity in resistance training. Twenty-four experienced powerlifters (18 male and 6 female; age, 25.1 ± 5.1 years) completed a progressive loading test in the squat, bench press, and conventional deadlift until reaching their 1 repetition maximum. Peak and mean velocity were simultaneously recorded with 4 field-based systems: GymAware (GA), FitroDyne (FD), PUSH (PU), and Beast Sensor (BS). 3D motion capturing was used to calculate specific gold standard trajectory references for each device. GA provided the most accurate output across exercises (r = 0.99–1, ES = −0.05 to 0.1). FD showed similar results for peak velocity (r = 1, standardized mean bias [ES] = −0.1 to −0.02) but considerably less validity for mean velocity (r = 0.92–0.95, ES = −0.57 to −0.29). Reasonably valid to highly valid output was provided by PU in all exercises (r = 0.91–0.97, ES = −0.5 to 0.28) and by BS in the bench press and for mean velocity in the squat (r = 0.87–0.96, ES = −0.5 to −0.06). However, BS did not reach the thresholds for reasonable validity in the deadlift and for peak velocity in the squat, mostly due to high standardized mean bias (ES = −0.78 to −0.63). In conclusion, different technologies should not be used interchangeably. Practitioners who require negligible measurement error in their assessment of movement velocity are advised to use linear position transducers over inertial sensors.
Acute Effects of Whole-Body Vibration Warm-up on Leg and Vertical Stiffness During Running
Authors: Paradisis Giorgos P. , Pappas Panagiotis , Dallas Giorgos , Zacharogiannis Elias , Rossi Jérémy , Lapole Thomas 
Published: April 2019

Abstract
Paradisis, GP, Pappas, P, Dallas, G, Zacharogiannis, E, Rossi, J, and Lapole, T. Acute effects of whole-body vibration warm-up on leg and vertical stiffness during running. J Strength Cond Res 35(9): 2433–2438, 2021—Although whole-body vibration (WBV) has been suggested as a suitable and efficient alternative to the classic warm-up routines, it is still unknown how this may impact running mechanics. Therefore, the aim of this study was to investigate the effect of a WBV warm-up procedure on lower-limb stiffness and other spatiotemporal variables during running at submaximal speed. Twenty-two males performed 30-second running bouts at 4.44 m·s−1 on a treadmill before and after a WBV and control warm-up protocols. The WBV protocol (vibration frequency: 50 Hz, peak-to-peak displacement: 4 mm) consisted of 10 sets of 30-second dynamic squatting exercises with 30-second rest periods within sets. Leg and vertical stiffness values were calculated using the spring mass model. The results indicated significant increases only after the WBV protocol for leg stiffness (3.4%), maximal ground reaction force (1.9%), and flight time (4.7%). Consequently, the WBV warm-up protocol produced a change in running mechanics, suggesting a shift toward a more aerial pattern. The functional significance of such WBV-induced changes needs further investigation to clearly determine whether it may influence running economy and peak velocity.
Специальные классы псевдоримановых пространств с f-структурой, допускающих 2F-планарные отображения
Authors: Коновенко Надежда Григорьевна , Курбатова Ирина Николаевна 
Published: April 2019

В статье изучаются 2F-планарные отображения псевдоримановых пространств, снабженных аффинорной структурой определенного типа. Понятие 2F-планарного отображения аффинносвязных и римановых пространств было введено в рассмотрение Р.Дж. Кадемом. В его работах исследовались общие вопросы теории 2F-планарных отображений аффинносвязных и римановых пространств, снабженных аффинорной структурой. В частности, он доказал, что такое отображение по необходимости сохраняет аффинорную структуру. Мы рассматриваем 2F-планарное отображение псевдоримановых пространств с абсолютно параллельной f-структурой. Ранее мы доказали, что псевдориманово пространство с абсолютно параллельной f-структурой представляет собой произведение двух псевдоримановых пространств, одно из которых - келерово; класс псевдоримановых пространств с абсолютно параллельной f-структурой замкнут относительно рассматриваемых отображений; при условии ковариантного постоянства аффинора f-структуры в отображаемых пространствах нетривиальные 2F-планарные отображения могут быть трех типов: полные и канонические I,II типа; в зависимости от типа 2F-планарное отображение индуцирует на компонентах произведения отображаемых пространств геодезическое, голоморфно-проективное или аффинное отображение.
В настоящей статье продолжается исследование 2F-планарного отображения псевдоримановых пространств с абсолютно параллельной f-структурой. Для всех типов этого отображения (основного и канонических I и II ) строятся геометрические объекты, инвариантные относительно рассматриваемых отображений: неоднородный объект ( типа параметров Томаса в теории геодезических отображений римановых пространств) и тензорный (типа тензора голоморфно-проективной кривизны в теории аналитически-планарных отображений келеровых многообразий). Выделены классы пространств (2F-плоские, 2F(I)- и 2F(II)-плоские), допускающих 2F-планарное отображение. Для них выявлена структура тензора Римана и доказаны аналоги теоремы Бельтрами из теории геодезических отображений. Найдены метрики 2F-, 2F(I)- и 2F(II)-плоских пространств в специальной системе координат.
The Impact of Brain Metastases and Associated Neurocognitive Aspects on Health Utility Scores in EGFR Mutated and ALK Rearranged NSCLC: A Real World Evidence Analysis
Authors: O'Kane Grainne M. , Su Jie , Tse Brandon C. , Tam Vivian , Tse Tiffany , Lu Lin , Borean Michael , Tam Emily , Labbé Catherine , Naik Hiten , Mittmann Nicole , Doherty Mark K. , Bradbury Penelope A. , Leighl Natasha B. , Shepherd Frances A. , Richard Nadine M. , Edelstein Kim , Shultz David , Brown M. Catherine , Xu Wei , Howell Doris , Liu Geoffrey 
Published: April 2019

Abstract

Background
In lung cancer, brain metastases (BM) and their treatment are associated with high economic burden and inferior health-related quality of life. In the era of targeted therapy, real world evidence through health utility scores (HUS) is critical for economic analyses.

Materials and Methods
In a prospective observational cohort study (2014–2016), outpatients with stage IV lung cancer completed demographic and EQ-5D-3L surveys (to derive HUS). Health states and clinicopathologic variables were obtained from chart abstraction. Patients were categorized by the presence or absence of BM; regression analyses identified factors that were associated with HUS. A subset of patients prospectively completed neurocognitive function (NCF) tests and/or the FACT-brain (FACT-Br) questionnaire, which were then correlated with HUS (Spearman coefficients; regression analyses).

Results
Of 519 patients with 1,686 EQ-5D-3L-derived HUS, 94 (18%) completed NCF tests and 107 (21%) completed FACT-Br; 301 (58%) never developed BM, 24 (5%) developed first BM during study period, and 194 (37%) had BM at study entry. The sample was enriched (46%) for EGFR mutations (EGFRm) and ALK-rearrangements (ALKr). There were no HUS differences by BM status overall and in subsets by demographics. In multivariable analyses, superior HUS was associated with having EGFRm/ALKr (p &lt; .0001), no prior radiation for extracranial disease (p &lt; .001), and both intracranial (p = .002) and extracranial disease control (p &lt; .01). HUS correlated with multiple elements of the FACT-Br and tests of NCF.

Conclusion
Having BM in lung cancer is not associated with inferior HUS in a population enriched for EGFRm and ALKr. Patients exhibiting disease control and those with oncogene-addicted tumors have superior HUS.
Prediction of Bone Metastasis in Inflammatory Breast Cancer Using a Markov Chain Model
Authors: Fujii Takeo , Mason Jeremy , Chen Angela , Kuhn Peter , Woodward Wendy A. , Tripathy Debu , Newton Paul K. , Ueno Naoto T. 
Published: April 2019

Abstract

Background
Inflammatory breast cancer (IBC) is a rare yet aggressive variant of breast cancer with a high recurrence rate. We hypothesized that patterns of metastasis differ between IBC and non-IBC. We focused on the patterns of bone metastasis throughout disease progression to determine statistical differences that can lead to clinically relevant outcomes. Our primary outcome of this study is to quantify and describe this difference with a view to applying the findings to clinically relevant outcomes for patients.

Subjects, Materials, and Methods
We retrospectively collected data of patients with nonmetastatic IBC (n = 299) and non-IBC (n = 3,436). Probabilities of future site-specific metastases were calculated. Spread patterns were visualized to quantify the most probable metastatic pathways of progression and to categorize spread pattern based on their propensity to subsequent dissemination of cancer.

Results
In patients with IBC, the probabilities of developing bone metastasis after chest wall, lung, or liver metastasis as the first site of progression were high: 28%, 21%, and 21%, respectively. For patients with non-IBC, the probability of developing bone metastasis was fairly consistent regardless of initial metastasis site.

Conclusion
Metastatic patterns of spread differ between patients with IBC and non-IBC. Selection of patients with IBC with known liver, chest wall, and/or lung metastasis would create a population in whom to investigate effective methods for preventing future bone metastasis.

Implications for Practice
This study demonstrated that the patterns of metastasis leading to and following bone metastasis differ significantly between patients with inflammatory breast cancer (IBC) and those with non-IBC. Patients with IBC had a progression pattern that tended toward the development of bone metastasis if they had previously developed metastases in the liver, chest wall, and lung, rather than in other sites. Selection of patients with IBC with known liver, chest wall, and/or lung metastasis would create a population in whom to investigate effective methods for preventing future bone metastasis.