bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Diamondoid Nanostructures as sp3‐Carbon‐Based Gas Sensors
Authors: Moncea Oana , Casanova‐Chafer Juan , Poinsot Didier , Ochmann Lukas , Mboyi Clève D. , Nasrallah Houssein O. , Llobet Eduard , Makni Imen , El Atrous Molka , Brandès Stéphane , Rousselin Yoann , Domenichini Bruno , Nuns Nicolas , Fokin Andrey A. , Schreiner Peter R. , Hierso Jean‐Cyrille 
Published: May 2019

AbstractDiamondoids, sp3‐hybridized nanometer‐sized diamond‐like hydrocarbons (nanodiamonds), difunctionalized with hydroxy and primary phosphine oxide groups, enable the assembly of the first sp3‐C‐based chemical sensors by vapor deposition. Both pristine nanodiamonds and palladium nanolayered composites can be used to detect toxic NO2 and NH3 gases. This carbon‐based gas sensor technology allows reversible NO2 detection down to 50 ppb and NH3 detection at 25–100 ppm concentration with fast response and recovery processes at 100 °C. Reversible gas adsorption and detection is compatible with 50 % humidity conditions. Semiconducting p‐type sensing properties are achieved from devices based on primary phosphine–diamantanol, in which high specific area (ca. 140 m2 g−1) and channel nanoporosity derive from H‐bonding.
Visualization of Intra‐neuronal Motor Protein Transport through Upconversion Microscopy
Authors: Zeng Xiao , Chen Shuo , Weitemier Adam , Han Sanyang , Blasiak Agata , Prasad Ankshita , Zheng Kezhi , Yi Zhigao , Luo Baiwen , Yang In‐Hong , Thakor Nitish , Chai Chou , Lim Kah‐Leong , McHugh Thomas J. , All Angelo H. , Liu Xiaogang 
Published: May 2019

AbstractCargo transport along axons, a physiological process mediated by motor proteins, is essential for neuronal function and survival. A current limitation in the study of axonal transport is the lack of a robust imaging technique with a high spatiotemporal resolution to visualize and quantify the movement of motor proteins in real‐time and in different depth planes. Herein, we present a dynamic imaging technique that fully exploits the characteristics of upconversion nanoparticles. This technique can be used as a microscopic probe for the quantitative in situ tracking of retrograde transport neurons with single‐particle resolution in multilayered cultures. This study may provide a powerful tool to reveal dynamic neuronal activity and intra‐axonal transport function as well as any associated neurodegenerative diseases resulting from mutation or impairment in the axonal transport machinery.
Insight on Propolis from Mediterranean Countries: Chemical Composition, Biological Activities and Application Fields
Authors: El‐Guendouz Soukaina , Lyoussi Badiaa , Miguel Maria G. 
Published: May 2019

AbstractThis review updates the information upon the chemical composition of propolis from all Mediterranean countries as well as their biological properties and applications. The non‐volatile fraction of propolis was characterized by the presence of phenolic acids and their esters and flavonoids. Nevertheless, in some countries, diterpenes were also present: Sicily (Italy), Croatia, Malta, Creta (Greece), Turkey, Cyprus, Egypt, Libya, Algeria and Morocco. The volatile fraction of propolis was characterized by the presence of benzoic acid and its esters, mono‐ and sesquiterpenes, being the oxygenated sesquiterpene β‐eudesmol characteristic of poplar propolis, whereas the hydrocarbon monoterpene α‐pinene has been related with the presence of conifers. Regardless the chemical composition, there are common biological properties attributed to propolis. Owing to these attributes, propolis has been target of study for applications in diverse areas, such as food, medicine and livestock.
47, XXX syndrome with infertility, premature ovarian insufficiency, and streak ovaries
Authors: Rafique Munazzah , AlObaid Solaiman , Al‐Jaroudi Dania 
Published: May 2019

AbstractWe report a patient with primary infertility and clinical manifestation of premature ovarian insufficiency (POI) who upon investigation was found to have streak ovaries, and genetic testing revealed Trisomy X (47, XXX). Therefore, we suggest for genetic testing in women with POI to detect common aneuploidies for better counseling and treatment.
Mineralization of Calcium Carbonate Induced by Egg Substrate and an Electric Field
Authors: Chen Jianxin , Jiang Minghuang , Su Min , Han Jian , Li Shenyu , Wu Qing 
Published: May 2019

AbstractEgg substrates, including eggshell, egg membranes, and egg white, exert a significant influence on CaCO3 biomineralization. CaCO3 crystallization at different temperatures, concentrations, and with various egg substrates was systematically investigated via rapidly mixing solution method. The crystals were determined by scanning electron microscopy, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, and X‐ray diffraction. As the CaCl2 concentration increased, the CaCO3 crystal form gradually changed from calcite to vaterite. Under rising temperature, the single‐hole vaterite and besom‐like aragonite were formed on the raw and boiled egg white substrate, respectively. The effects of electric field on CaCO3 crystallization were also explored. The findings may offer a novel approach to CaCO3 synthesis.
Coalescence Modeling for Design of Technical Equipment
Authors: Leleu David , Pfennig Andreas 
Published: May 2019

AbstractA coalescence model in the context of the ReDrop concept (Representative Drops) is proposed to design technical equipment for separating liquid‐liquid dispersions in settlers or extraction columns. A fundamental study of drop interactions has been performed to obtain the complete picture of coalescence. The model proposed accounts for collision frequency of the drops, bouncing probability, and coalescence probability, for which the film‐drainage approach is applied. The model proposed allows considering the appropriate formulation for different types of equipment. Especially noteworthy is that the coalescence probability fundamentally differs from the expression of Coulaloglou and Tavlarides, which is frequently used, but which shows inconsistencies at fundamental level.
Chiroptical Redox Switching of Tetra‐Cationic Derivatives of Azoniahelicenes
Authors: Rončević Igor , Jirásek Michael , Severa Lukáš , Reyes‐Gutierrez Paul E. , Teplý Filip , Bednárová Lucie , Hromadová Magdaléna , Pospíšil Lubomír 
Published: May 2019

AbstractInvited for this month's cover picture is a group of synthetic and physical chemists from the Institute of Organic Chemistry and Biochemistry of the Czech Academy of Sciences and J. Heyrovský Institute of Physical Chemistry of the Czech Academy of Sciences (Czech Republic). The cover picture shows folding of azoniahelicene by electron transfer. Read the full text of the Article at 10.1002/celc.201900204.
(CH3NH3)AuX4⋅H2O (X=Cl, Br) and (CH3NH3)AuCl4: Low‐Band Gap Lead‐Free Layered Gold Halide Perovskite Materials
Authors: Worley Chris , Yangui Aymen , Roccanova Rachel , Du Mao‐Hua , Saparov Bayrammurad 
Published: May 2019

AbstractPerovskite solar cells have recently enabled power conversion efficiency comparable to established technologies such as silicon and cadmium telluride. Ongoing efforts to improve the stability of halide perovskites in ambient air has yielded promising results. However, the presence of toxic heavy element lead (Pb) remains a major concern requiring further attention. Herein, we report three new Pb‐free hybrid organic–inorganic perovskite‐type halides based on gold (Au), (CH3NH3)AuBr4⋅H2O (1), (CH3NH3)AuCl4⋅H2O (2), and (CH3NH3)AuCl4 (3). Hydrated compounds 1 and 2 crystallize in a brand‐new structure type featuring perovskite‐derived 2D layers and 1D chains based on pseudo‐octahedral AuX6 building blocks. In contrast, the novel crystal structure of the solvent‐free compound 3 shows an exotic non‐perovskite quasi‐2D layered structure containing edge‐ and corner‐shared AuCl6 octahedra. The use of Au metal instead of Pb results in unprecedented low band gaps below 2.5 eV for single‐layered metal chlorides and bromides. Moreover, at room temperature the three compounds show a weak blue emission due to the electronic transition between Au‐6s and Au‐5d, in agreement with the density function theory (DFT) calculation results. These findings are discussed in the context of viability of Au‐based halides as alternatives for Pb‐based halides for optoelectronic applications.
An Octahedral Cobalt(III) Complex with Axial NH3 Ligands that Templates and Selectively Stabilises G‐quadruplex DNA
Authors: Ruehl Carmen L. , Lim Aaron H. M. , Kench Timothy , Mann David J. , Vilar Ramon 
Published: May 2019

AbstractGuanine‐rich sequences of DNA are known to readily fold into tetra‐stranded helical structures known as G‐quadruplexes (G4). Due to their biological relevance, G4s are potential anticancer drug targets and therefore there is significant interest in molecules with high affinity for these structures. Most G4 binders are polyaromatic planar compounds which π–π stack on the G4′s guanine tetrad. However, many of these compounds are not very selective since they can also intercalate into duplex DNA. Herein we report a new class of binder based on an octahedral cobalt(III) complex that binds to G4 via a different mode involving hydrogen bonding, electrostatic interactions and π–π stacking. We show that this new compound binds selectivity to G4 over duplex DNA (particularly to the G‐rich sequence of the c‐myc promoter). This new octahedral complex also has the ability to template the formation of G4 DNA from the unfolded sequence. Finally, we show that upon binding to G4, the complex prevents helicase Pif1‐p from unfolding the c‐myc G4 structure.
Carbon‐Nanotube‐Appended PAMAM Dendrimers Bearing Iron(II) α‐Keto Acid Complexes: Catalytic Non‐Heme Oxygenase Models
Authors: Sheet Debobrata , Bera Abhijit , Fu Yang , Desmecht Antonin , Riant Olivier , Hermans Sophie 
Published: May 2019

AbstractPoly(amidoamine) dendrimers grafted on carbon nanotubes have been appended with iron(II)‐α‐keto acid (benzoylformate) complex of polypyridyl ligand to design artificial non‐heme oxygenase model. This nano‐enzyme was applied for selective catalytic oxidation of organic molecules. Although the carbon nanotubes serve as a robust heterogeneous platform, the amine terminals of dendrimers provide catalysts binding sites and the amide bonds provide a necessary second coordination sphere similar to the enzymatic polypeptide chains. Such a hybrid design prevented the deactivation of the primary active sites leading to 8 times faster oxidative decarboxylation rates than those of its homogeneous analogue. An electrophilic iron(IV)‐oxo intermediate has been intercepted, which catalyzes the selective oxidation of alcohols to aldehydes and incorporates single oxygen atoms into sulfides and olefins by using aerial oxygen with multiple turnover numbers. The catalyst was consecutively regenerated three times by mild chemical treatment and showed negligible loss of activity.
The Outcomes of Decorated Prolines in the Discovery of Antimicrobial Peptides from Temporin‐L
Authors: Buommino Elisabetta , Carotenuto Alfonso , Antignano Ignazio , Bellavita Rosa , Casciaro Bruno , Loffredo Maria Rosa , Merlino Francesco , Novellino Ettore , Mangoni Maria Luisa , Nocera Francesca Paola , Brancaccio Diego , Punzi Pasqualina , Roversi Daniela , Ingenito Raffaele , Bianchi Elisabetta , Grieco Paolo 
Published: May 2019

AbstractPreviously, we identified a potent antimicrobial analogue of temporin L (TL), [Pro3]TL, in which glutamine at position 3 was substituted with proline. In this study, a series of analogues in which position 3 is substituted with non‐natural proline derivatives, was investigated for correlations between the conformational properties of the compounds and their antibacterial, cytotoxic, and hemolytic activities. Non‐natural proline analogues with substituents at position 4 of the pyrrolidine ring were considered. Structure–activity relationship (SAR) studies of these analogues were performed by means of antimicrobial and cytotoxicity assays along with circular dichroism (CD) and NMR spectroscopic analyses for selected compounds. The most promising peptides were additionally evaluated for their activity against some representative veterinary microbial strains to compare with those from human strains. We identified novel analogues with interesting properties that make them attractive lead compounds.
A pilot study of intrahepatic yttrium‐90 microsphere radioembolization in combination with intravenous cisplatin for uveal melanoma liver‐only metastases
Authors: Arulananda Surein , Parakh Sagun , Palmer Jodie , Goodwin Mark , Andrews Miles C. , Cebon Jonathan 
Published: May 2019

AbstractBackgroundMetastatic uveal melanoma is a highly aggressive disease with no standard of care treatment option. A large proportion of patients have liver‐only metastatic disease which raises the question if liver‐directed therapy can be efficacious in this subpopulation.AimsThe study aims to evaluate the safety and efficacy of radiosensitizing chemotherapy in combination with yttrium‐90 microspheres in patients with uveal melanoma with liver‐only metastases.Methods and resultsThis single arm, open labeled, non‐randomized study enrolled 10 patients with liver‐only metastatic uveal melanoma between November 2012 and January 2018. Eligible patients received intrahepatic yttrium‐90 microspheres followed by intravenous cisplatin (20 mg/m2) for 5 days. Ten patients were enrolled, but nine patients received treatment who were included in the final analysis with a median follow‐up of 30 months (range 7 to 44). Five (50%) were female, five (50%) had an elevated lactate dehydrogenase (LDH), and one (10%) had prior anti‐PD‐1 therapy. The combination was well tolerated with no greater than or equal to grade 3 toxicity observed. The liver objective response rate (ORR) was 33% (3/9), the median progression‐free survival (PFS) in the liver was 3 months (95% CI, 3‐NA), and the extrahepatic PFS was 3 months (95% CI, 3‐NA). Seventy‐eight percent (7/9) received an immune checkpoint inhibitor on disease progression, with no responses seen. The median overall survival (OS) was 10 months (95% CI, 7‐NA).ConclusionThe combination of cisplatin with yttrium‐90 microspheres was well tolerated; however, it was associated with intrahepatic disease control of relatively short duration. No responses were seen in patients treated with immune checkpoint inhibitors post radioembolization.
Effects of Pressure and pH on the Physical Stability of an I‐Motif DNA Structure
Authors: Lepper Christopher P. , Williams Martin A. K. , Edwards Patrick J. B. , Filichev Vyacheslav V. , Jameson Geoffrey B. 
Published: May 2019

AbstractThe thermodynamic stability of a cytosine(C)‐rich i‐motif tract of DNA, which features pH‐sensitive [C..H..C]+ moieties, has been studied as function of both pressure (0.1–200 MPa) and pH (3.7–6.2). Careful attention was paid to correcting citrate buffer pH for known variations that stem from changes in pressure. Once pH‐corrected, (i) at pH >4.6 the i‐motif becomes less stable as pressure is increased (KD decreases), giving a small negative volume change for dissociation (ΔDV°) of the i‐motif – a conclusion opposite to that which would be drawn if the buffer pH was not corrected for the effects of pressure; (ii) the i‐motif's melting temperature increases by more than 30 K between pH 6.5 and 4.5, the consequence of an enthalpy for dissociation (ΔDH°) of 77(3) and 90(3) kJ (mol H+)−1 at 0.1 and 200 MPa, respectively; (iii) below pH 4.6 at 0.1 MPa (pH 4.3 at 200 MPa) the melting temperature decreases as a result of double protonation of cytosine pairs, and ΔDH° and ΔDV° change signs; and (iv) the combination of ΔDH° and ΔDV° lead to the melting temperature at pH 4.3 being 3 K higher at 200 MPa than at 0.1 MPa.
Overcoming Steric Hindrance in Aryl‐Aryl Homocoupling via On‐Surface Copolymerization
Authors: Urgel José I. , Di Giovannantonio Marco , Gandus Guido , Chen Qiang , Liu Xunshan , Hayashi Hironobu , Ruffieux Pascal , Decurtins Silvio , Narita Akimitsu , Passerone Daniele , Yamada Hiroko , Liu Shi‐Xia , Müllen Klaus , Pignedoli Carlo A. , Fasel Roman 
Published: May 2019

AbstractOn‐surface synthesis is a unique tool for growing low‐dimensional carbon nanomaterials with precise structural control down to the atomic level. This novel approach relies on carefully designed precursor molecules, which are deposited on suitable substrates and activated to ultimately form the desired nanostructures. One of the most applied reactions to covalently interlink molecular precursors is dehalogenative aryl‐aryl coupling. Despite the versatility of this approach, many unsuccessful attempts are also known, most of them associated to the poor capability of the activated precursors to couple to each other. Such failure is often related to the steric hindrance between reactants, which may arise due to their coplanarity upon adsorption on a surface. Here, we propose a copolymerization approach to overcome the limitations that prevent intermolecular homocoupling. We apply the strategy of using suitable linkers as additional reactants to the formation of fully conjugated polycyclic nanowires incorporating non‐benzenoid rings.
CO2 Reduction by Hydrogen Pre‐Reduced Acceptor‐Doped Ceria
Authors: Grünbacher Matthias , Klötzer Bernhard , Penner Simon 
Published: May 2019

AbstractThe reactivity of H2 pre‐reduced acceptor‐doped ceria materials Gd0.10Ce0.90O2‐δ (GDC10) and Sm0.15Ce0.85O2‐δ (SDC15) was tested with respect to the reduction of CO2 to CO in the context of the reverse water‐gas shift reaction. It was demonstrated that not only oxygen vacancies, but also dissolved hydrogen is a reactive species for the reduction of CO2. Dissolved hydrogen must be considered upon discussion of the mechanism of the reverse water‐gas shift reaction on ceria‐derived materials apart from oxygen vacancies and formates. The reduction of CO2 is preceded by the formation of carbonate species of different thermal stability and reactivity. The stability of these carbonates was directly demonstrated by in situ infrared spectroscopy and revealed the largely reversible nature of CO2 ad‐ and desorption. In comparison to pre‐reduced samples, decreased carbonate coverage is obtained after oxidative treatments of GDC10 and SDC15. No significant effect of the sample treatment (O2 oxidation or H2 reduction) on the surface carbonate stability was noticed. Mono‐dentate carbonates and carboxylates appear to be more easily formed on pre‐reduced (i. e. defective) samples. Ce4+ reduction to Ce3+ (by H2) and re‐oxidation to Ce4+ (by CO2) on GDC10/SDC15 were directly monitored by infrared spectroscopic analysis of a distinct, IR‐active electronic transition of Ce3+. These results show the complex interplay of oxygen vacancy/dissolved hydrogen reactivity and surface chemical aspects in acceptor‐doped ceria materials.
The competitive advantage of a constitutive CAM species over a C4 grass species under drought and CO2 enrichment
Authors: Yu Kailiang , D'Odorico Paolo , Collins Scott L. , Carr David , Porporato Amilcare , Anderegg William R. L. , Gilhooly William P. , Wang Lixin , Bhattachan Abinash , Bartlett Mark , Hartzell Samantha , Yin Jun , He Yongli , Li Wei , Tatlhego Mokganedi , Fuentes Jose D. 
Published: May 2019

AbstractPlants with crassulacean acid metabolism (CAM) are increasing in distribution and abundance in drylands worldwide, but the underlying drivers remain unknown. We investigate the impacts of extreme drought and CO2 enrichment on the competitive relationships between seedlings of Cylindropuntia imbricata (CAM species) and Bouteloua eriopoda (C4 grass), which coexist in semiarid ecosystems across the Southwestern United States. Our experiments under altered water and CO2 water conditions show that C. imbricata positively responded to CO2 enrichment under extreme drought conditions, while B. eriopoda declined from drought stress and did not recover after the drought ended. Conversely, in well‐watered conditions B. eriopoda had a strong competitive advantage on C. imbricata such that the photosynthetic rate and biomass (per individual) of C. imbricata grown with B. eriopoda were lower relative to when growing alone. A meta‐analysis examining multiple plant families across global drylands shows a positive response of CAM photosynthesis and productivity to CO2 enrichment. Collectively, our results suggest that under drought and elevated CO2 concentrations, projected with climate change, the competitive advantage of plant functional groups may shift and the dominance of CAM plants may increase in semiarid ecosystems.
Faster movement in nonhabitat matrix promotes range shifts in heterogeneous landscapes
Authors: Crone Elizabeth E. , Brown Leone M. , Hodgson Jenny A. , Lutscher Frithjof , Schultz Cheryl B. 
Published: May 2019

AbstractEcologists often assume that range expansion will be fastest in landscapes composed entirely of the highest‐quality habitat. Theoretical models, however, show that range expansion depends on both habitat quality and habitat‐specific movement rates. Using data from 78 species in 70 studies, we find that animals typically have faster movement through lower‐quality environments (73% of published cases). Therefore, if we want to manage landscapes for range expansion, there is a trade‐off between promoting movement with nonhostile matrix, and promoting population growth with high‐quality habitat. We illustrate how this trade‐off plays out with the use of an exemplar species, the Baltimore checkerspot butterfly. For this species, we calculate that the expected rate of range expansion is fastest in landscapes with ~15% high‐quality habitat. Behavioral responses to nonhabitat matrix have often been documented in animal populations, but rarely included in empirical predictions of range expansion. Considering movement behavior could change land‐planning priorities from focus on high‐quality habitat only to integrating high‐ and low‐quality land cover types, and evaluating the costs and benefits of different matrix land covers for range expansion.
Relationship between diet/exercise and pharmacotherapy to enhance the GLP‐1 levels in type 2 diabetes
Authors: Fujiwara Yuki , Eguchi Shunsuke , Murayama Hiroki , Takahashi Yuri , Toda Mitsutoshi , Imai Kota , Tsuda Kinsuke 
Published: May 2019

AbstractThe rapid rise in the prevalence of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) poses a huge healthcare burden across the world. Although there are several antihyperglycaemic agents (AHAs) available including addition of new drug classes to the treatment algorithm, more than 50% of patients with T2DM do not achieve glycaemic targets, suggesting an urgent need for treatment strategies focusing on prevention and progression of T2DM and its long‐term complications. Lifestyle changes including implementation of healthy diet and physical activity are cornerstones for the management of T2DM. The positive effects of diet and exercise on incretin hormones such as glucagon‐like peptide‐1 (GLP‐1) have been reported. We hypothesize an IDEP concept (Interaction between Diet/Exercise and Pharmacotherapy) aimed at modifying the diet and lifestyle, along with pharmacotherapy to enhance the GLP‐1 levels, would result in good glycaemic control in patients with T2DM. Consuming protein‐rich food, avoiding saturated fatty acids and making small changes in eating habits such as eating slowly with longer mastication time can have a positive impact on the GLP‐1 secretion and insulin levels. Further the type of physical activity (aerobic/resistance training), intensity of exercise, duration, time and frequency of exercise have shown to improve GLP‐1 levels. Apart from AHAs, a few antihypertensive drugs and lipid‐lowering drugs have also shown to increase endogenous GLP‐1 levels, however, due to quick degradation of GLP‐1 by dipeptidyl peptidase‐4 (DPP‐4) enzyme, treatment with DPP‐4 inhibitors would protect GLP‐1 from degradation and prolong its activity. Thus, IDEP concept can be a promising treatment strategy, which positively influences the GLP‐1 levels and provide additive benefits in terms of improving metabolic parameters in patients with T2DM and slowing the progression of T2DM and its associated complications.