bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A Transnational History in the Making
Authors: Al-Saif Bader 
Published: October 2024

Abstract
Hip hop and Islam have reshaped visions of one another in hip hop’s homeland, the United States (US), and Islam’s birthplace, the Middle East. This article surveys the history and rise of American Muslim hip hop (AMHH). It then examines Middle Eastern Muslim hip hop. I argue that the skillful appropriation of religious motifs in music generates transnational connections via AMHH, while music’s utilization of Islam reinforces Islam’s long-standing transnationalism, albeit through an unconventional platform. AMHH simultaneously reflects and reconfigures Islam and hip hop in the US, making it a model for Middle Eastern counterparts who borrow from AMHH’s musical, religious themes. I further argue that the highlighted sample of AMHH artists holds a reified understanding of Islam that it consistently advances, whether extremist, conservative, or liberal. In contrast, the highlighted Muslim Middle Eastern hip hop displays incoherent Muslim identity markers that combine all three distinct strands of Sunni Islam.
Erdogan and Ayatollah Khamenei’s Political Framing Modeling on Twitter toward Arab Masses
Authors: Numan Haitham 
Published: October 2024

Abstract
This article aims to compare the contents, discourse, and message frames of two Twitter accounts targeting Arab audiences using Arabic: first, the official account of Sayyid Ali Hosseini Khamenei (@khamenei_ir), who is a Twelver Shia Marja and current supreme leader of the Iranian regime, the second since 1989; and the official account of Recep Tayyip Erdogan (@RTErdogan), the president of Turkey since 2014. Covering all tweets from June 2018 to June 2020, the study collected 712 Khamenei and 388 Erdogan tweets. The article applies content analysis and framing theory, basing the analysis process on a mixed methodology (quantitative and qualitative) that uses grounded theory and considers each tweet as a unit of analysis. It reveals fifteen themes on Erdogan’s Twitter account and sixteen on Khamenei’s. The article shows that these two sets of themes were both convergent and divergent.
Resistance Among the Druze
Authors: Aboultaif Eduardo Wassim 
Published: October 2024

Abstract
The Syrian Druze in the Golan Heights have been resisting Israeli occupation for more than five decades. Their efforts in preserving their Arab-Syrian nationality and heritage against the “Israelization” of the Golan Heights have been widely undertheorized. The aim of this article is to study the types and methods of resistance that the Syrian Druze community in the Golan Heights have utilized in rejecting Israeli occupation. Apart from a brief incidence of military resistance by the Syrian Druze in the Golan Heights, which was quickly suppressed by Israel, the essence of the community’s anti-Israeli activities has been within the framework of civil resistance. This paper analyzes three types of civil resistance in the Golan Heights: political and identity-based, socio-economic, and environmental resistance. The paper links these types of civil resistance to Gene Sharp’s pragmatic approach to civil resistance and disobedience.
Factors Affecting the Rise of the Muslim Brotherhood in the Parliamentary Elections in Kuwait 2023
Authors: Al-Mekaimi Haila 
Published: October 2024

Abstract
This article seeks to shed light on the rise of the Muslim Brotherhood in the Kuwaiti parliamentary elections of 2023. It identifies a number of structural factors behind the increase in the number of Muslim Brotherhood deputies: the weak coordination of the Salafist movement; the return of Sheikh Ahmed Al-Fahd Al-Sabah to the government; and Recep Tayyip Erdogan’s victory in the 2023 Turkish presidential elections. The article is based on fieldwork collecting data from primary sources, including the official electoral data issued by the Ministry of the Interior and the Kuwait News Agency, in addition to meetings with political candidates and activists in Kuwait. It concludes that the dominance of conservatives in the Kuwaiti parliament has played an important role in the composition of the Kuwaiti government, which is dominated by the Muslim Brotherhood. This will determine the nature of the future relationship between parliament and government.
Media, Communication, and the Water Security Crisis
Authors: Matar Soad , Yassine-Hamdan Nahla 
Published: October 2024

Abstract
The Middle East region is facing several problems related to local issues, including the Blue Nile Dam crisis that threatens Egypt’s water security. The crisis arose when Ethiopia announced its intention to build a dam on the Blue Nile for economic purposes. Despite ongoing negotiations between Egypt and Ethiopia, the dispute has escalated in the past three years and the parties have failed to reach an agreement. The media has played an active role in highlighting the positions of the parties to the Blue Nile Dam crisis. This article focuses on monitoring and analyzing the media discourse about the Blue Nile Dam crisis in the Egyptian, Sudanese, and Ethiopian press and the interpretation of its trends in light of its connection with what the media discourse presents to countries in the surrounding political and media context.
The Use of Television Visual Technologies in Presenting Terrorism
Authors: Al Ibrahim Daleen 
Published: October 2024

Abstract
This study examines how RT Arabic and Sky News Arabia channels present the news about ISIS through their newscasts; revealing the visual technologies these networks adopted in covering ISIS. This study centers its analysis on a sample of news stories solely about ISIS in two international news networks, RT Arabic and Sky News Arabia as broadcast on their satellite channels and their websites from the period 2014 to 2017. The study found that among the eleven different types of newsroom visual technologies identified in the study, both channels relied on graphs most frequently to present ISIS news visually. However, unlike Sky News Arabia, RT Arabic employed limited usage of visual technology to cover the brutality and violent acts of ISIS in its coverage.
Forced Returns and Fragile Lives: Strategies for Safeguarding Syrian Refugees and Ensuring Their Protection
Authors: Elshobake Mohammed R. M. , Sakka Alaa 
Published: October 2024

Abstract
The article discusses the deportation of Syrian refugees from Lebanon and Turkey between 2017 and 2024. It attempts to bring light on the experiences of these refugees facing forced returns, emphasising the human consequences and complicated causes underlying such actions. The purpose of this article is to raise awareness about the deportation of Syrian refugees and the urgent need for collective action to address this humanitarian disaster and preserve the lives of vulnerable individuals affected by forced repatriation. Using the descriptive analytical approach, this article investigates the legislative frameworks and international commitments that should safeguard refugees from forced repatriation. The Universal Declaration of Human Rights (udhr), The 1951 Convention Relating to the Status of Refugees and its 1967 Protocol and rules of International Humanitarian Law will be used as a standard for the definition and legal framework of refugee’s rights. The article dives into the obstacles that host countries confront, including as social, economic, and political pressures. It also emphasises the necessity of advocacy activities and protective measures to defend Syrian refugees’ rights and well-being. The findings of the article are expected to benefit Syrian refugees and raise awareness about their situation, which will contribute preserve their lives and well-being.
Along the Middle Senegal Valley and Beyond: the First Millennium BC at Diallowali, Senegal
Authors: Coutros Peter R. 
Published: October 2024

Abstract
During the first millennium BC, West Africa was in the midst of social, political, technological, and environmental change. The Diallowali site system, located along the western edge of the Middle Senegal Valley (MSV), is one of the few sites from this period to be intensively investigated and has produced a wealth of data regarding these processes. By considering a variety of artifacts, including stone tools, copper, iron, and worked bone, as well as approximately 5,000 kg of pottery, this paper establishes a detailed cultural chronology for Diallowali – the first of its kind in the Western MSV. Furthermore, these data indicate that the West African world of the first millennium BC was one of expansive interaction, including the trade and exchange of goods and ideas across an area including Senegal, Mauritania, Mali, and beyond.
The War in Tigray and Its Immediate Impact on Cultural Heritage in Eastern Tigray
Authors: Mulubrhan Gebretsadkan , Tekulu Fikre Belay , Gebre Haftom Teshale , Hailu Hagos Gebremariam , Asgedom Desalegn Berhane , Hadgu Tadesse Brhane 
Published: October 2024

Abstract
The study aimed to conduct an assessment of the damage caused by the two year war in Tigray on some of the cultural heritage from Eastern Tigray. Field surveys and interviews with local inhabitants were used to collect relevant data. The gathered data were analyzed and interpreted using a qualitative approach. The survey results showed that churches, monasteries, mosques, towns, and villages were frequently shelled by combatants and that there was significant and deliberate destruction of built heritage sites and looting of sites and treasures. These data suggest that the aims of this destruction were to (1) dominate local historical narratives and identities, (2) suppress communities, and (3) exploit resources for personal gain. The hate speech engraved on the walls indicated that cultural heritage in Eastern Tigray was targeted with intention. This intentional destruction of important cultural heritage was expressed in the horrific massacre of civilians and religious leaders. The current preliminary assessment overall shows that iconic cultural resources were heavily damaged and historic documents and treasures were looted following the two-year war in Tigray. We conclude this study with an urgent call for recovery projects aimed at preventing further loss of cultural heritage in Eastern Tigray.
The History of the Palace of Fahd ibn Suʿūd at al-Diriyah and an Analysis of Its Components Utilizing Architectural Evidence
Authors: Ilayan Jamal Shafiq 
Published: October 2024

Abstract
This article1 presents an analytical study of the components of the palace of Fahd ibn Suʿūd, brother of Imam ʿAbd Allāh ibn Suʿūd, one of the last defenders of al-Diriyah. It is an important palace and dates to the final stage of the First Saudi State. By means of analysis of the surviving architectural components of the palace, the article seeks to identify evidence for its lost architectural and structural elements. This will assist in identifying the original form of the palace and its architectural spatial composition at the time of its construction, as well as the stages of development of its subsequent architectural accretions, before any restoration or rehabilitation work is begun, and which should govern the process of its architectural preservation.
The Interplay of Foreign Direct Investment in Unravelling the Nexus of Technological Innovation and Economic Dynamics: An Integrated Study Using Vector Error Correction Model
Authors: Maheshwari Meenu , Loke Rupali 
Published: October 2024

Most lower-middle income countries prioritise innovation, with foreign direct investment (FDI) as a key funding source for sustainable development. This article studies the interplay between FDI, technological innovation (measured by patent-granted residents), gross domestic product (GDP), research and development (R&D) expenditure (RDE) and inflation of the Indian economy from 2002–2003 to 2022–2023. It uses a vector error correction model, Johansen cointegration tests, Granger causality tests, the impulse response function and variance decomposition. The study finds two cointegration relationships between the variables. GDP and RDE have a significant positive effect on technological innovation in the long term. Neither FDI nor inflation shows such an impact. FDI policies should therefore consider factors such as a conducive regulatory framework, tax breaks and grants for R&D to enhance their impact on innovation. JEL Codes: O31, O32, F21, F23, E01, O47
Tab the lab: A typology of public sector innovation labs
Authors: Stoll Aline , Andermatt Kevin C 
Published: October 2024

Many public sector organizations set up innovation laboratories in response to the pressure to tackle societal problems and the high expectations placed on them to innovate public services. Our understanding of the public sector innovation laboratories’ role in enhancing the innovation capacity of administrations is still limited. It is challenging to assess or compare the impact of innovation laboratories because of how they operate and what they do. This paper closes this research gap by offering a typology that organizes the diverse nature of innovation labs and makes it possible to compare various lab settings. The proposed typology gives possible relevant factors to increase the innovation capacity of public organizations. The findings are based on a literature review of primarily explorative papers and case studies, which made it possible to identify the relevant criteria. The proposed typology covers three dimensions: (1) value (intended innovation impact of the labs); (2) governance (role of government and financing model); and (3) network (stakeholders in the collaborative arrangements). Comparing European countries and regions with regards to the repartition of labs shows that Nordic and British countries tend to have broader scope than continental European countries. Points for practitioners Public sector innovation (PSI) labs can help to approach innovation collaboratively across organizational boundaries. It is, however, necessary in this context to find the setup that best addresses an organization's needs or strategic ambitions. The proposed typology is based on criteria relevant for designing PSI labs. Being able to distinguish the different labs helps practitioners to choose models that fit their purposes and learn from existing labs.
The Temporal Continuity: Temple, Theatre and Anthropology
Authors: Choudhary Manisha 
Published: October 2024

Traditionally, temples have been spaces meant for religious and spiritual activities— meditation, sacrifice, devotion and worship. Historically, temples have been understood as the dwelling spaces of spirits/gods. Therefore, they were natural sites of the community socialisation and exchanges. In Hinduism, temples are designed to bring human beings and gods together in a spiritual destination. Gradually, temples evolved and represented the economy, art, belief, faith and traditions of community or communities. All of these elements of the cosmic world such as good, evil and human are incorporated in temples. Basically, these are for reflecting the powers of unknown forces that are present in nature. These elements of the cosmic world are incorporated in the temples along with the cyclic notion of time. The essence of life was represented symbolically through dharma, kama, artha, moksa and karma, and temples became naturally chosen sites to represent these aspects. However, throughout the ages, temples have undergone transformations. Due to this, temples are historical sites for understanding the historical processes and happenings around the temple structures. As time passed, temples became the surviving examples of temporal continuity. Through this article, an attempt has been made to highlight the temporal continuity around a few temples, cultures and shrines of Rajasthan. The constant—continuity and change—pushed temporality as an essential feature which needs to be highlighted for a fuller understanding of the heterogeneous nature of the Thar Desert and its society.
The senomorphic impact of astaxanthin on irradiated rat spleen: STING, TLR4 and mTOR contributed pathway
Authors: Aziz Maha M , El-Sheikh Marwa M , Mohamed Marwa A , Abdelrahman Sahar S , Mekkawy Mai H 
Published: October 2024

Objectives: Exposure of spleen tissues to ionizing radiation during radiotherapy can induce cellular stress and immune-dysfunction leading to cellular senescence. Introduction: The process of a cancerous development is facilitated by the accumulation of senescent cells. This justifies the incorporation of anti-senescent medications during splenic irradiation (SI). Methods: In this study senescence was induced in the spleen of male albino rats by radiation exposure (5Gy-single whole body gamma-irradiation) then after 2 weeks, oral astaxanthin regimen was started once daily in a dose of 25 mg/kg for 7 consecutive days. Concurrent control groups were carried out. Results: the present data reflected that irradiation provoked an increase in the oxidative stress biomarkers (nitric oxide, lipid peroxidation and total reactive oxygen species levels)and the inflammatory biomarkers (Myeloperoxidase and interleukin-6). In addition irradiation led to the over expression of stimulator of interferon genes (cGAS-STING), mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) and Toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4) along with the lactate dehydrogenase (LDH), cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitor 1 (p21) cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitor 2A (p16) increment with elevation of tumor suppressor protein (p53) level. However, reduced glutathione contents and catalase activity were reduced post irradiation in spleen tissues, all these changes reflecting induction of cellular senescence. Astaxanthin treatment showed an improvement in the antioxidant/oxidative stress balance, inflammatory biomarkers, histopathological examination and immunohistochemical expressions of the tested proteins in the irradiated rats. Conclusion: the current findings offer a new insight into the senomorphic effect of astaxanthin following radiation-induced spleen senescence via STING, mTOR, and TLR4 signalling pathways.
Making ourselves understood: Translation as a creative task
Authors: Korf Felix 
Published: October 2024

Human evolution in groups has given us language. But it has also led to a present where it appears increasingly difficult to understand each other. Language can be used to clarify or to obscure; it can unite or separate. It is as if we speak different languages. (This is written in English as my own second language as a German.) Can thinking about actual linguistic differences help? A foreign language can be a barrier to communication—and learning or translating the language can become a bridge. Similarly, on a personal level (and in psychotherapy), a second language can be used defensively, when it creates a distance to the internal world—and it can be used creatively to rethink it. Group analysis in particular is faced with this dual potential, when members do not all share the same background. Foulkes himself had to struggle with the English language, and (I suggest) turned the challenge into an opportunity for creative new ideas. Foulkes’s concept of translation embodies this creativity and carries it into the group-analytic model. This specific Foulkesian translation originates in the group-analytic situation and goes beyond the polarity of the passively translated and the active translator. The mutual task is unavoidable in our polyphonic international group of GASi.
Conceptualizing Couples Through Romantic Attachment and Love Language
Authors: Tadros Eman 
Published: October 2024

Attachment theory posits that relationships developed in childhood between children and their parents or caregivers, impact the manner in which later relationships are developed in adulthood. John Bowlby described various attachment styles within the child-caregiver relationship. Some of these attachment styles are viewed today through the lens of romantic attachment styles that include secure (content and healthy relationships), avoidant (dismissive and unengaged in relationships), and anxious (insecurities and fear in relationships). Couples romantic attachment could be better understood in conjunction with love languages. Love languages, developed by Gary Chapman, include words of affirmation, quality time, gift giving, physical touch, receiving gifts, and acts of service. Applying love language techniques to mending insecure attachments, can lead to couples understanding of one another's needs, and improve relationship satisfaction. Thus, this article advocates for clinicians’ assessing romantic attachment and love languages in couples therapy, to promote stronger, affectionate, empathic, and satisifying relationships. Lay summary Understanding your partner's needs can improve relationship satisfaction in relationships. Insecure romantic attachments may be strengthened by speaking your partner's love language. This article advocates for clinicians to assess for romantic attachment and love languages in couples therapy.
Evaluation of the sedative properties of oral trazodone, gabapentin or their combination in healthy cats
Authors: Tucker Laura E , Sanchez Andrea , Valverde Alexander , Blois Shauna , Monteith Gabrielle , Longworth Pamela , Downie Alison , Gu Yu , Johnson Ron 
Published: October 2024

Objectives Sedation before veterinary visits is advocated to help reduce fear and anxiety in cats and facilitate safe handling. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effectiveness of trazodone, gabapentin and a trazodone/gabapentin combination for oral sedation in healthy feline patients before blood donation. Methods A total of 21 cats were included in the study. Baseline sedation scores were obtained, and cats were randomly assigned to receive oral trazodone at 5 mg/kg (T), oral gabapentin at 10 mg/kg (G), their combination (TG) or placebo (control group). A sedation score was obtained 1 h after drug administration. A blood sample was obtained at the time of blood collection for quantification of drug plasma concentrations. Agreement between observers was tested with a Cohen’s Kappa test. Sign tests to compare change within treatment and a Skilling–Mack rank ANOVA to test for differences between groups were performed to compare pre- and post-sedation scores as well as a magnitude of differences over time between the groups. A Spearman’s rank correlation coefficient test was used to correlate sedation scores with drug plasma concentrations. Results Post-sedation final scores were significantly higher only in the T ( P = 0.022) and TG groups ( P <0.001). The magnitude of change between pre- and post-sedation scores was larger in the TG ( P <0.0032) and T groups ( P <0.038) compared with the control group. There were no other significant differences between the groups. There was no correlation between drug plasma concentrations and sedation scores in any of the groups. Conclusions and relevance Administration of oral trazodone alone at 5 mg/kg or in combination with gabapentin at 10 mg/kg resulted in significant sedation in healthy cats with no evident side effects. The degree of sedation was more profound when both drugs were combined, but a gabapentin dose of 10 mg/kg alone failed to provide significant sedation in this population.