bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
445 PB 256 QUERCETIN AND QUERCETIN GLYCOSIDE CONTENT VARIATION IN DIFFERENT ONION (Allium cepa L.) VARIETIES AND GENOTYPES
Authors: Patil Bhimanagouda S. , Pike Leonard M. 
Published: February 2019

The anti carcinogenic flavonol, aglycone, or free quercetin and quercetin glycoside content of seventeen onion varieties and 22 genotypes (Asgrow seed co.) and also 37 breeding lines (Texas A&M University) were analyzed by high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). Quercetin glycosides were hydrolyzed into aglycones.
Total quercetin content in yellow and red onions varied from 80.34 to 286.4 mg/kg fresh weight in different varieties. Marked variation in total quercetin content between Texas A&M breeding lines (56-202 mg/kg fresh weight) and Asgrow breeding lines (54-287 mg/kg fresh weight) was observed. White onions contain trace amount of total quercetin. Free quercetin in Texas A&M breeding line 20272-G was 12.4 mg/kg fresh weight; however, other varieties and breeding lines contain negligible amount of free quercetin. It was concluded that the `designer' onion varieties with high quercetin content for health consciousness can be produced.
448 PB 285 NEW EGGPLANT AND PEPPER CULTIVARS FOR HAWAII AND THE PACIFIC BASIN
Authors: Takeda K.Y. 
Published: February 2019

Two long eggplant (Solanummelongena L.) hybrids, Nitta/Molokai F1 and Nitta/Waimanalo F1, were released to growers. The hybrids represent an improvement over presently grown cultivars by producing higher yields of quality fruit. Quality factors such as dark maroon color, uniformity of fruit shape and long shelf life are important considerations for growers and consumers.
Two pepper varieties (Capsicumannuum L.), `Kaala' and `Waialua' were developed for those areas in Hawaii and the subtropics which have limited pepper production because of bacterial wilt (Pseudomonus solanacearum). The varieties were the result of a cross between `Chabai Merah' and keystone Resistant Giant. `Chabai Merah', a Malaysian pepper variety is highly resistant to bacterial welt and rootknot nematode. `Kaala' is a sweet pepper and is highly tolerant to bacterial wilt if grown at temperature below 27%. Waialua is a pungent type pepper and is highly resistant to bacterial wilt.
455 PB 326 PISTIL INFLUENCE ON GROWTH OF POLLEN TUBES OF P. X DOMESTICUM
Authors: Stuart Mary , Jourdan Pablo 
Published: February 2019

The regal pelargonium (P. x domesticum) is generally characterized by low fertility and poor seed set. In studys designed to assess factors that contribute to low fecundity in this crop we have examined genotype interactions among various cultivars and have identified lines that differ in degree of male and female fertility.
The objective of this study was to examine genotypic variation, other than self-incompatibility, of P. x domesticum pistils in supporting the development of the male gametophyte. Variation in pollen germination and growth was assessed after crossing either a male of high fertility or a mate of poor fertility to nine different selections of varying female fertility. Styles were harvested 2 hours after pollination and examined using fluorescence microscopy to determine the number of germinated pollen grains on the stigma and the number of pollen tubes growing down the style.
Female selections displayed large differences in their ability to support pollen tubes. Styles from different females pollinated with the same male varied in average number of pollen tubes from 30 to 2.
RESISTANCE TO BOTRYTIS CINEREA IN PETUNIA
Authors: Krahl Kimberly H. , Randle William M. 
Published: February 2019

Botrytis diseases are the most common and among the most destructive diseases affecting greenhouse-grown crops. Presently a combination of cultural control and fungicidal sprays are used to control the disease. Increasing energy and labor costs plus evidence of resistance of B. cinerea strains to commonly used fungicides has made the disease more difficult to control. A source of genetic resistance would provide an additional powerful and stable tool to control the incidence of Botrytis disease.
In this study screening techniques for Botrytis resistance in petunia were developed and 40 petunia genotypes were screened for resistance to B. cinerea. A wide range of variability for resistance to B. cinerea was discovered in petunia. Results indicate the presence of useful quantitative-type resistance to B. cinerea in petunia.
702 PB 318 SHELF-LIFE AND PHYSIOCHEMICAL PROPERTIES OF HIGHBUSH (VACCINIUM CORYMBOSLM) AND RABBITEY E-(V. ASHEI) BLUEBERRIES FOR FRESH MARKET
Authors: Marroquin E. , Silva J. L. , Garner J. O. , Magee J. B. , Braswell J. , Spiers J. 
Published: February 2019

Three varieties of rabbit eye (Vaccinium ashei) blueberries (`Climax',, `Premier', and `Tifblue') were harvested in Mississippi and two varieties of highbush (v. corymbosum blueberries (`BlueCrop' and `Jersey') were harvested in Michigan. Each variety was harvested at three different locations as replications. The berries were rapidly cooled to 5°C after harvest, placed in 1-pint containers, and analyzed at 7-day intervals for 28 days with day 0 being 48 h after harvest.
Shear, compression and puncture forces were higher for rabbiteye spp. than for highbush spp. `Bluecrop' blueberries showed the lowest shear force whereas, Climax, had the most shear force. Puncture force (skin toughness) was lower for `Bluecrop' and `Jersey' and higher for, Climax, There was an increase in shear force by all varieties with storage time. `Premier, and `Climax' had lower soluble solids, but they increased with storage time. `Jersey' had the highest pH and `Tifblue' the lowest. Although all varieties lost moisture with time, `Bluecrop' always had higher moisture. Mold growth varied with time; however, `Bluecrop' had a higher percentage of moldy berries throughout refrigeration. The percent decay was higher for highbush blueberries after 16 d of refrigeration. Rabbiteye's toughness and firmness give them a longer refrigerated shelf-life over highbush blueberries.
743 PB 073 ANATOMICAL AND PHYSIOLOGICAL DIFFERENCES AMONG THREE SPECIES OF Fragaria
Authors: Kelley Bruce D. , Cameron J. Scott 
Published: February 2019

Several anatomical and physiological parameters were measured in 32 genotypes of fragaia, including the cultivated strawberry (frapria × ananassa) and its progenitor speck F. chiloensis and F. virginiana Measurements were made using potted. runner-propagated, &month-old greenhouse-grown plants growing under long day (14/10) conditions.
Significant differences in CO2 assimilation rates (leaf area and dry weight bases). leaf chlorophyll content, leaf soluble protein content, and leaf anatomy were found between subspecies of F. virginana as well as among species. Recessed stomata and greater water use efficiency were observed in F. virginana ssp glauca as well as in F. chiloensis genotypes. In addition, it appears that leaf anatomy characteristics, as studied using light microscopy, may he useful in corroborating taxonomic decisions based upon gross morphology in Fragaria.
769 PB 345 NUTRIENT PARTITIONING IN `NELLIE WHITE' EASTER LILIES GROWN UNDER TWO TEMPERATURE REGIMES
Authors: Whipker Brian E. , Kirk Terri , Hammer P. Allen , Miller William B. 
Published: February 2019

`Nellie White' Easter lilies were grown under two day/night temperature regimes, a positive differential temperature (+DIF) of 15.5C night / 21C day temperature or a negative differential temperature (-DIF) of 19.4C night / 14.4C day temperature. At anthesis the plants were divided into 15 leaf-node segments, starting from the plant base (nodal position 0-15). The segments were further subdivided into leaf, stem and flower tissue parts, with fresh and dry weights being recorded, and tissue being analyzed for NH4-N, P, K, Ca, Mg, Na, Cu, B, Fe, Mn, and Zn.
Of the elements studied, only P content was statistically different at the DIF treatment × nodal position × tissue type interaction. Total 1eaf P per segment was higher in the -DIF plants, with the concentration increasing from 0.19 mg at nodal position O-15 up to the 1.34 mg at nodal position 46-60, compared to 0.16 and 0.76 mg, respectively, for the +DIF plants. There were also significant differences at the DIF treatment × tissue type, with -DIF leaf tissue having a higher total content of P, K, Mg, Ca, Na and B, while Cu was lower, than the +DIF leaf tissue. Results indicate that the distribution of nutrients in Easter lily plants are affected by growing temperature regimes.
786 PB 436 COMPARING ROSE RESPONSES TO VARIOUS ENVIRONMENTS USING THE ROSESIM COMPUTER GROWTH MODEL
Authors: Hopper Douglas A. , Meinke Troy T. , Store Virginia S. 
Published: February 2019

The computer simulation model ROSESIM is based on `Royalty' rose (Rosa hybrida L.) growth response to 15 unique treatment combinations of photosynthetic photon flux (PPF), day temperature (DT), and night temperature (NT) under constant growth chamber conditions. Environmental factors are assumed constant over an entire day, but set points may vary over the duration of the crop. Anticipated values for factors may be read from an ASCII file, allowing a variety of strategies to be modeled and compared.
A Valentine's Day crop senario compared 2 management strategies for crop development time and flower quality: [1] constant 24/17.1 DT/NT for the entire crop, or [2] 15 days warm 30/20C DT/NT to promote bud break, 10 days 20/15C DT/NT to promote stem caliper and leaf size, 10 days 25/18C DT/NT to promote bud development, and remaining time to flower 20/15C DT/NT to enhance flower size and color. PPF was increased gradually over crop time as would occur naturally for Dec. to Feb. Strategy [2] had longer stems (63 vs. 50 cm), similar stem and leaf dry weights, but less flower bud dry weight (1.0 vs. 1.6 g), while flowering 2 days earlier (41 vs. 43 days after pinch). c:\pm4\ash94h.pm 4
792 PB 036 EFFECT OF ROOTSTOCKS ON SHOOTGROWTH. BERRY QUALITY. AND YIELD OF “FUJIMINORI” GRAPES TREATED WITH GIBBERELLIC ACID
Authors: Kubota N. , Takigawa H. , Ri X. , Yasui K. 
Published: February 2019

Shoot and berry growth, sugar. titratable acidity, and anthocyanin contents of berries and crop yields of “Fujiminori” grapes (Vitis vinifera × V. labruscana) were determined in vines grafted 10 eight different rootstocks: 3309, 3306, 101-14. 5BB. 5C, 8B. SO4, and 420A. Three-year-old vines of 5BB stock and S-year-old vines of each of the other stocks grown in an unheated plastic house were used for this investigation.
Shoot growth was more vigorous on vines grafted to 5BB compared to 3309, SO4, and 8B. The highest yield per unit area was observed in vines grafted to 3306. followed in order by 5BB, 3309, 101-14, SO4, 5C, 8B, and 420A. The largest berry size was observed in vines grafted to 3306, followed by 5BB, 101-14, 3309, 8B, 5C, SO4, and 420A. Berries of vines grafted to 420A and 5BB had the highest tota1 soluble solids, followed in descending order by 8B, 101-14. and 5C. Titratable acidity of berry juice was lowest in vines grafted to 420A. The anthocyanin content of berry skin was higher in vines grafted to 420A and 101-14 than in berries of other stocks. GA-treatment did not increase the percentage of seedless berries of this cultivar to a commercially acceptable level for any of the rootstocks used.
818 PB 237 USE OF BIOSOLIDS FOR SOD PRODUCTION
Authors: Benmbarek Mouna , Desiardins Y. , Simard R.R. 
Published: February 2019

Landfiling and incineration constitute the most commonly used methods of biosolid disposal. To minimize the environmental risk, their chemical and biological characteristics have been the subject of several investigations.
The present research was undertaken to evaluate the agronomic value of municipal solid wastes (MSW) and composted de-inked sludge (CDS) in a field experiment for sod production. Four variables in a split factorial design, were investigated at two sod farms: compost (MSW and CDS), soil (sandy loam and clay loam), application method (surface applied 6cm and incorporated 20cm), and the application rate (50-100 and 150t/ha). Controls consisted of unfertilized and unamended but fertilized plots. Both experimental sites were seeded with kentucky bluegrass.
Preliminary data indicate that the two biosolids promoted the sod growth at the rates applied. However, a better plot cover was observed if composts were rototilled at a depth of 6cm as compared to the conventional treated plots. Measurements of root and foliar weights revealed that the turf growth was enhanced with increasing rates, which is probably caused by additional soil macronutrients showed by the analysis. Seed germination and seedling emergence were not delayed as indicated by the observed increase in the water retention capacity of the soil especially at higher compost rates.
863 PB 547 IMPROVING SEED GERMINATION OF ANGELICA (Angelica archangelica L.)
Authors: Laflamme Lucette , Tremblay Nicolas , Michaud Marie-Hélène 
Published: February 2019

Angelica is grown in Quebec (Canada) for its root-bound medicinal properties. Matol Botanique Int., a major user of Angelica extracts, decided 4 years ago to promote local production in order to secure supplies and quality. However, the crop has to be started from seed that show low and variable germination behavior. Emergence occurs after ± 12 days and most of the germination if obtained after 20 to 40 days depending on seed origin and test conditions. Maximum germination ranges from 6 to 57%. Three treatments were first compared in order to stimulate germination: seed soaking in warm water for 24 h, watering germination trays with algae extracts and placing floating row covers over the trays. Angelica germination was significantly improved only by row covers with a maximum of 24% vs 19%. Results were obtained from experiments with other techniques (stratification, seed conditioning, etc,...) to further improve germination.
2Working for the Horticultural Research Centre, Laval University, Que.
956 PB 479 A WILDLIFE HABITAT IN THE SOUTH CAROLINA BOTANICALGARDEN
Authors: Wilson Stephen , Hague Mary 
Published: February 2019

America's rejuvenated interest in environmentalism provides landscape designers an excellent opportunity to integrate natural wildlife habitats within the landscape. Due to urbanization and rapid development, niches for many animals are being destroyed. Too often we rely on our state and national parks to replace what is lost, when we really should begin In our own backyards. In conjunction with the South Carolina Wildlife Federation, the South Carolina State Botanical Garden has initiated a program that will create a Backyard Wildlife Habitat. The purpose of my project is to create a garden with ornamental and native flora to attract local fauna, while educating botanical garden visitors to concepts that they can apply In their own back yards, neighborhoods, schools. and communities.
My presentation will outline the goals, methodology, and results of the project. In addition, I will discuss the concepts that make a site a Backyard Wildlife Habitat.
IMPROVING QUALITY OF CONTAINER-GROWN PEPPER TRANSPLANTS THROUGH FERTILITY MANIPULATION
Authors: Granberry Darbie M. , Kelly William Terry 
Published: February 2019

During summer in southern Georgia, greenhouses often reach or exceed 49C. Subsequently, transplants grown in these houses tend to exceed optimum height. To determine effects of N and P fertility levels on pepper (Capsicum annuum) transplant growth, applications of nutrient solutions with 58, 12, and 0 ppm N and 114, 57, and 0 ppm P205 were applied to recently emerged Capistrano bell pepper beginning 12 Aug. 1994. Plants were grown in polystyrene flats using a commercial noncharged artificial soil mix. Nutrient solutions were applied as needed to maintain adequate moisture until 31 Aug., except for two treatments that received only water after 22 Aug. Data were taken on 22 and 31 Aug. With 58 ppm N, 0 P decreased plant height, leaf count, leaf area, and plant weight. Higher N increased plant height, ratings of intact root plugs and washed roots, stem diameter, leaf count, leaf area, and plant weight. At 12 ppm N, P had no significant effect on transplant growth. Withholding fertilizer the final week reduced plant height, ratings of intact root plugs, stem diameter, number of leaves, leaf area, and plant weight.
Wax Effects on Postharvest Storage of `Fallglo' Tangerines
Authors: Dou Huating , Petracek Peter D. 
Published: February 2019

`Fallglo' is an early season variety of tangerine that has become known among citrus packers for its susceptibility to postharvest peel disorders. Among these disorders is postharvest pitting, a disorder characterized by the collapse of the peel during the storage of waxed fruit at room temperature. In this study, the effects of wax application on selected postharvest storage characteristics were evaluated.
Fruit were either not waxed or waxed with carnauba-, polyethylene-, or shellac-based waxes obtained from four suppliers of commercial citrus coatings and were stored at 21°C. In general, waxing reduced weight loss and improved shine. Waxing with shellac-based waxes significantly decreased internal O2 levels (5% vs. 19% for non-waxed fruit) and increased internal CO2 (6% vs. 2% for non-waxed fruit) and ethanol levels. Waxing with shellac-based waxes also significantly reduced post-packing degreening and stimulated pitting. Waxing with more gas-permeable coatings (carnaubaand polyethylene-based waxes) resulted in less internal gas modification than that of the shellac-based treatments, and low incidences of pitting. Controlled atmosphere studies showed that low (4%) O2, rather than high (8%) CO2, inhibited post-packing degreening and stimulated pitting.
The Agricultural Research, Extension, and Education Reform Act of 1998: Examining Its Key Provisions
Authors: Beaulieu Lionel J. (Bo) 
Published: February 2019

The Agricultural Research, Extension, and Education Reform Act of 1998 (AREERA) represents a concerted effort on the part of federal legislative leaders to rethink the manner in which agricultural research and extension programming are undertaken within the land-grant university system of our nation. For the first time ever, land-grant schools are being mandated to increase their energies in support of “multi” activities; namely, multiinstitutional, multidisciplinary, multifunctional, and multistate activities. The intent is to bring about greater efficiencies in carrying out the research and extension missions of our land-grant entities.
In this presentation, the key provisions of AREERA are outlined. These elements include: 1) the commitment of 25% of Hatch formula funds in support of multidisciplinary research involving another agricultural experiment station, Agricultural Research Service, or college/university that collectively are seeking to solve problems that concern more than one state; 2) the expenditure of Smith-Lever formula funds for support of multistate extension activities equivalent to 25% of these formula funds, or twice the level of resources devoted to such activities using FY97 funds; and 3) a directing of 25% of Smith-Lever and Hatch funds received by an institution in FY2000 for integrated research and extension activities (or twice the level of effort committed to such efforts in FY97). It is further noted that while 1890 and 1994 institutions are required to engage in multidisciplinary, multistate, and integrated research and extension activities, they are not compelled to meet the 25% goal outlined in the AREERA legislation.
Aside from the resources that must be devoted to certain activities within the Agricultural Experiment Station and the Extension Service, AREERA makes quite clear the need to actively engage stakeholders in giving shape to the priority activities of these land-grant entities. Moreover, it notes the importance of documenting the impact of the institution's research and extension investments on the priority concerns of its stakeholders. Among the key questions that will be employed to evaluate the quality of an institution's efforts are the following: Did the program address a critical issue? Did it address the needs of underserved and underrepresented populations in the state(s)? Did the investments result in improved program effectiveness and/or efficiency? Indeed, AREERA changes the landscape for many of the South's land-grant institutions. However, if efforts undertaken to date are any indication, the leadership and faculty of the region's land-grant system will successfully respond to the challenges that AREERA poses for them.
(81) Fine Fescues and Shade Tolerance
Authors: Paranick Tara E. , Lang N. Suzanne 
Published: February 2019

Shaded environments present major obstacles for establishing high quality, persistent, and resistant turfs. Exogenous fructose applications are being examined as a potential method to counteract the effects of shade on turf. This work examines the effectiveness of fructose applications under different light levels on two fine leaf fescue cultivars: chewings fescue (Festucarubra var. commutata) `SR5100' and creeping red fescue (Festucarubra var. rubra) `Dawson'. The experiment was conducted at Michigan State University, East Lansing, inside a simulated dome environment. The experiment was a randomized complete-block design that began 21 Oct. 2004 with two main factors: light and fructose. There were three light treatments: ambient light (shaded); supplemental high light; and supplemental low light. Fructose (0% or 1.25% weight/volume), dissolved in water with an organosilicone adjuvant, was applied once per week. Quality and color ratings, clippings, core samples, density, and leaf reflectance were recorded. In addition, light response curves (LRC) were taken inside an Econoair® growth chamber using a LI-COR-6400® on the fine fescues, kentucky bluegrass (Poa pratensis) `Cynthia', and bermudagrass (Cyondon dactylon) `Princess'. Preliminary results show that fructose had no significant effect in each light treatment for turf quality and color. However, fructose had a significant impact on clipping weights and density. The LRC specified the required and potential carbon needs as well as indicated the threshold levels, respectively, by species. The impact of fructose alone and in combination with supplemental light on photosynthesis efficiency will be presented.
(411) Companion Choice, Crop Density, and Mixture Ratio Affect Polyculture Yield Advantage
Authors: Bomford Michael K. 
Published: February 2019

Polycultures are thought to offer yield advantages over monocultures when net competition between plants of different species is less than that between plants of the same species. Planting density and crop ratios may both alter these competitive effects. To observe such effects, dicultures of basil (Ocimumbasilicum L.), brussels sprout (Brassica oleracea L.), and tomato (Lycopersicumesculentum Mill.) were grown organically at a range of ratios and densities (1–47 plants/m2) over two field seasons. Relative land output (RLO) values were calculated from field data and from modeled yield-density-ratio surfaces. Both methods showed yield advantages from polyculture at high planting densities (RLO = 2.20 @ top density), but not at low densities. Dicultures offered a 19% yield advantage, on average. Competition for resources was compared by measuring canopy light interception and soil moisture content, showing tomato to be the most competitive crop, followed by brussels sprout, then basil. Diculture yield advantages were most pronounced when individuals of a less competitive species outnumbered those of a more competitive species. Yield advantages were 36% and 20% for dicultures dominated by basil and brussels sprout, respectively. Dicultures dominated by tomato offered no yield advantage. The results are discussed in terms of the current ecological understanding of plant interactions, and possible advantages to be derived from small-scale intercropping, popularly termed companion planting.