bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
ML-rRBF-ECOC: A Multi-Label Learning Classifier for Predicting Protein Subcellular Localization with Both Single and Multiple Sites
Authors: Han Guo-Sheng , Yu Zu-Guo 
Published: January 2019

Background:
The subcellular localization of a protein is closely related with its functions
and interactions. More and more evidences show that proteins may simultaneously exist at, or move
between, two or more different subcellular localizations. Therefore, predicting protein subcellular localization
is an important but challenging problem.

Observation:
Most of the existing methods for predicting protein subcellular localization assume that a
protein locates at a single site. Although a few methods have been proposed to deal with proteins with
multiple sites, correlations between subcellular localization are not efficiently taken into account. In
this paper, we propose an integrated method for predicting protein subcellular localizations with both
single site and multiple sites.

Methods:
Firstly, we extend the Multi-Label Radial Basis Function (ML-RBF) method to the regularized
version, and augment the first layer of ML-RBF to take local correlations between subcellular localization
into account. Secondly, we embed the modified ML-RBF into a multi-label Error-Correcting
Output Codes (ECOC) method in order to further consider the subcellular localization dependency. We
name our method ML-rRBF-ECOC. Finally, the performance of ML-rRBF-ECOC is evaluated on
three benchmark datasets.

Results:
The results demonstrate that ML-rRBF-ECOC has highly competitive performance to the related
multi-label learning method and some state-of-the-art methods for predicting protein subcellular
localizations with multiple sites. Considering dependency between subcellular localizations can contribute
to the improvement of prediction performance.

Conclusion:
This also indicates that correlations between different subcellular localizations really exist.
Our method at least plays a complementary role to existing methods for predicting protein subcellular
localizations with multiple sites.
A Sensitive and Selective Electrochemical Sensor for Sulfadimethoxine Based on Electropolymerized Molecularly Imprinted Poly (o-aminophenol) Film
Authors: Peng Youyuan , Ji Qiaolan 
Published: January 2019

Background:
As a broad-spectrum antibiotic of the sulfonamide family, Sulfadimethoxine
(SDM) has been widely utilized for therapeutic and growth-promoting purposes in animals. However,
the use of SDM can cause residual problems. Even a low concentration of SDM in the aquatic
system can exert toxic effects on target organisms and green algae. Therefore, the quantitation of
SDM residues has become an important task.

Methods:
The present work describes the development of a sensitive and selective electrochemical
sensor for sulfadimethoxine based on molecularly imprinted poly(o-aminophenol) film. The
molecular imprinted polymer film was fabricated by electropolymerizing o-aminophenol in the presence
of SDM after depositing carboxylfunctionalized multi-walled carbon nanotubes onto a glassy
carbon electrode surface. SDM can be quickly removed by electrochemical methods. The imprinted
polymer film was characterized by cyclic voltammetry, differential pulse voltammetry and scanning
electron microscopy.

Results:
Under the selected optimal conditions, the molecularly imprinted sensor shows a linear
range from 1.0 × 10-7 to 2.0 × 10-5 mol L-1 for SDM, with a detection limit of 4.0 × 10-8 mol L-1. The
sensor was applied to the determination of SDM in aquaculture water samples successfully, with the
recoveries ranging from 95% to 106%.

Conclusion:
The proposed sensor exhibited a high degree of selectivity for SDM in comparison to
other structurally similar molecules, along with long-term stability, good reproducibility and excellent
regeneration capacity. The sensor may offer a feasible strategy for the analysis of SDM in aquaculture
water samples.
Effect of Various Parameters and Mechanism of Reversal Order of Elution in Chiral HPLC
Authors: Ali Imran , Suhail Mohd. , Asnin Leonind , Aboul-Enein Hassan Y. 
Published: January 2019

Background:
Chiral separation involves many phenomena in which the elution order of
the enantiomers has its unique position. The phenomenon of elution order of the enantiomers has also
been used in the determination of optical purity which is favorable to elute the major component after
minor enantiomeric impurity but the main problem is that, this phenomenon is rare.

Results:
This review rumors the reversal order of elution of many chiral molecules in HPLC. Besides,
this review pronounces the effects of pH, derivatisation of drugs, the composition of the mobile
phase, and temperature on the reversal order of elution of chiral drugs. The efforts are also made
to discuss the possible future perspectives of reversal order of elution.

Conclusion:
Various parameters such as pH, mobile phase composition, temperature, and chemical
structure of the analytes play a role in the phenomena of the reversal order of elution of many chiral
molecules which are discussed in the article.
Investigation of the Role of the Alkalizing Agent in Sodium Alginate Liquid Anti-reflux Suspension
Authors: Torne Sangmesh , Sheela A. , Sarada N.C. 
Published: January 2019

Background:
Anti-reflux formulation is one of the popular formulations across the globe
in the pharmaceutical industry used specifically for the management of gastro-oesophageal reflux
disease. But, this formulation is less explored with respect to research. Anti-reflux formulation has
challenges to show its antacid functionality, which could have synergies in the management of refluxes
in gastro-oesophageal reflux disease. Alkalizing agents act as antacid and improve the acid
neutralization capacity in the anti-reflux formulation, and can be used appropriately as they affect
raft strength beyond certain (optimum) limits.

Objective:
The objective of this work is to investigate the significance of alkalizing agent in sodium
alginate based on oral liquid anti-reflux suspension for the management of Gastro-oesophageal
Reflux Disease (GERD).

Methods:
In the present study, the formulation was prepared using sodium alginate along with different
alkalizing agents like calcium carbonate and sodium bicarbonate at different levels. The formulation
was further studied for in-vitro characterization like pH, viscosity, Acid Neutralization
Capacity (ANC), thickness, formation speed, flotation, and raft strength.

Results:
The formulation with a higher level of calcium carbonate as the alkalizing agent showed a
positive effect on the acid neutralization capacity (20.83mEq) and raft strength (16.95g) as well.
Whereas, the formulation with a higher level of sodium bi-carbonate (4.01%) showed improved
acid neutralization (22.31mEq) but showed a negative effect on raft strengths (10.08g).

Conclusion:
Based on the study, the optimum levels include 5% sodium alginate, 1.6% calcium
carbonate and 2.67% sodium bicarbonate to achieve good liquid suspension formulation possessing
good acid neutralization capacity as well as raft strength.
Comprehensive Overview and Assessment of microRNA Target Prediction Tools in Homo sapiens and Drosophila melanogaster
Authors: Faiza Muniba , Tanveer Khushnuma , Fatihi Saman , Wang Yonghua , Raza Khalid 
Published: January 2019

Background:
MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are small non-coding RNAs that control gene expression
at the post-transcriptional level through complementary base pairing with the target
mRNA, leading to mRNA degradation and blocking translation process. Many dysfunctions of
these small regulatory molecules have been linked to the development and progression of several
diseases. Therefore, it is necessary to reliably predict potential miRNA targets.

Objective:
A large number of computational prediction tools have been developed which provide a
faster way to find putative miRNA targets, but at the same time, their results are often inconsistent.
Hence, finding a reliable, functional miRNA target is still a challenging task. Also, each tool is
equipped with different algorithms, and it is difficult for the biologists to know which tool is the
best choice for their study.

Methods:
We analyzed eleven miRNA target predictors on Drosophila melanogaster and Homo
sapiens by applying significant empirical methods to evaluate and assess their accuracy and performance
using experimentally validated high confident mature miRNAs and their targets. In addition,
this paper also describes miRNA target prediction algorithms, and discusses common features
of frequently used target prediction tools.

Results:
The results show that MicroT, microRNA and CoMir are the best performing tool on
Drosopihla melanogaster; while TargetScan and miRmap perform well for Homo sapiens. The
predicted results of each tool were combined in order to improve the performance in both the datasets,
but any significant improvement is not observed in terms of true positives.

Conclusion:
The currently available miRNA target prediction tools greatly suffer from a large
number of false positives. Therefore, computational prediction of significant targets with high statistical
confidence is still an open challenge.
Evaluation of the Anti-Hypercholesterolemic and Antioxidant Activity of Mentha pulegium (L.) Aqueous Extract in Normal and Streptozotocin- Induced Diabetic Rats
Authors: Farid Omar , Eddouks Mohamed 
Published: January 2019

Objective:Mentha pulegium L., an aromatic plant belonging to Lamiaceae family, is widely used by local population against diabetes, hypertension and cardiovascular disorders. The present study aimed to evaluate the in vivo antihypercholesterolemic effect of aerial parts aqueous extract (A.P.A.E) of Mentha pulegium (M. pulegium) in normal and streptozotocin-induced diabetic rat. Additionally, the in vitro antioxidant activity of M. pulegium A.P.A.E has been estimated.Methods:The effect of M. pulegium (L.) A.P.A.E (20 mg of lyophilized A.P.A.E per kg body weight) on plasma lipid profile was investigated in normal and streptozotocin (STZ) diabetic rats (n=6) treated for 15 days with M. pulegium (L.) A.P.A.E oral administration. The antioxidant activity was evaluated using DPPH (1-1-diphenyl 2-picryl hydrazyl) radical scavenging activity. Estimation of total polyphenol contents in A.P.A.E of M. pulegium was determined with the Folin- Ciocalteu reagent by the method using gallic acid as a standard phenolic compound. Also, flavonoids were estimated according to the method based on the formation of a complex flavonoidaluminium.Results:The results show that 15 days of M. pulegium A.P.A.E oral administration alleviated hyperlipidemia in diabetic rats by lowering significantly (p<0.01) the plasma cholesterol levels without affecting the triglycerides (TG) levels significantly. However, no significant decrease in plasma cholesterol and plasma triglycerides has been shown in diabetic control rats. In addition, A.P.A.E oral administration has exerted some increasing activity on plasma HDL-c level (54.84 %), whereas the HDL-c level, in diabetic control rats, has significantly decreased (p<0.05). On the other hand, M. pulegium A.P.A.E showed a high amount of flavonoid (83.07 ± 0.58 mg EQ / g of extract) and phenolic compounds (239.08 ± 35.40 mg EAG/g of extract). Also, according to the DPPH radical scavenging activity, this aqueous extract has demonstrated a significant antioxidant activity.Conclusion:We conclude that 15 days of M. pulegium A.P.A.E oral administration exhibited a significant antihypercholesterolemic effect and has also demonstrated a not negligent increase in HDL-c levels without affecting the triglycerides levels. Furthermore, A.P.A.E exhibited a potent antioxidant activity. Therefore, phytochemical compounds and antioxidant activity of M. pulegium A.P.A.E may be seemingly implicated in the antihypercholesterolemic effect demonstrated in this study.
Variation at Interleukin-10 Locus Represents Susceptibility to Psoriasis in North Indian Population
Authors: Aadil Wani , Kaur Rajinder , Ganai Bashir Ahmad , Akhtar Tahseena , Narang Tarun , Hassan Iffat , Kumar Sunil 
Published: January 2019

Background:IL-10 is an important pleiotropic, immunoregulatory and anti-inflammatory cytokine which plays a significant role in the pathogenesis of psoriasis.Objective:The aim of the present study was to determine whether the three polymorphic sites of the IL-10 gene, haplotype and serum level confer susceptibility to psoriasis.Method:200 psoriatic patients and 200 controls were genotyped for three IL-10 polymorphic sites by ARMS polymerase chain reaction. Serum levels of IL -10 were measured by ELISA.Results:Our results demonstrated that polymorphism of IL-10 -592 C/A (adjusted* OR = 9.25; 95% CI =3.16- 27.06) and IL-10 1082 A/G (adjusted* OR = 4.28; (95% CI =1.46- 12.56) was found to be in association with increased risk of psoriasis while as IL- 10 819 C/T (adjusted* OR= 1.60; (95% CI = 0.65-3.95) polymorphism does not show any significant association with the risk of psoriasis. HT7 GTC haplotype is associated with increased risk of psoriasis. Serum levels of IL-10 were found to be significantly low in patients, as compared to controls with a non-significant correlation between serum IL-10 level and psoriasis severity.Conclusion:IL-10 polymorphism imparted significant risk towards the development of psoriasis in North Indian population. Highlighting the role of IL-10 cytokine in the pathogenesis of psoriasis will help in the development of psoriasis management.
The Association of rs2114358 in the miR-1206 Polymorphism to Chronic Myeloid Leukemia
Authors: Hassan Fathelrahman Mahdi 
Published: January 2019

Introduction:Association studies with factor candidates have advised that single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) could also be related to CML progression and to the response to medical care. Genetic variation in miR-1206 of both derived and neighborhood SNPs process genes will contribute to the predisposition to cancer. The role of those with the risk of CML has not been extensively studied. Therefore, the aim of this study was to evaluate whether polymorphisms in rs2114358 in pre-miRNAs process genes contribute to the risk of CML.Methods:A cross-sectional study was conducted during the period of March 2016 to October 2017 in Khartoum state teaching hospitals. The study population included a total of 420 patients who were previously diagnosed of having CML and 220 cancer-free controls of both gender and were of the same age range. Peripheral blood and bone marrow aspiration samples were collected from patients (254 males, 166 females; median age 58.5 years, range from less than 50 and above 50 years old) and investigated after written informed consent was obtained. Patients were in chronic phase (n=212), accelerated phase (n=125), and blast (n=83). All the patients were under treatment using chemotherapy regiments. The rs2114358 SNP in pre-miRNA was selected for genotyping.Results:The genotyping success rate was 98.3%. Genotype frequencies of the derived SNP and the neighborhood rs2114358 of miR-1206 compared to the controls were significantly different under Hardy-Weinberg Equilibrium (P=0.0001 and 0.0001 respectively). Significant differences were found in allele distributions of this SNP (P<0.01 and P<0.01). In total, the derived variant C allele of rs2114358 (OR=0.168, 95% CI=0.13-0.22) and G allele of neighborhood rs2114358 (OR=0.561, 95% CI=0.44-0.72) in patients' group were associated with an increased risk of CML compared to a control group. Patients with rs2114358 CC genotype (P = 0.0001) or TC (P = 0.0001) and the neighborhood rs2114358 GA genotype (P = 0.0460) or GG (P = 0.0093) were obviously much higher than that of the TT and AA genotype's patients.Conclusion:In conclusion, we discovered the association of SNP rs2114358 in miR-1206 with the risk of CML patients, though more investigations are still required to understand the regulative mechanisms of this miR SNP with the target genes resulting in its dysregulation.
Secure Digital Databases using Watermarking based on English-Character Attributes
Authors: Khatatneh Khalaf , Odeh Ashraf , Mashaleh Ashraf , Hamadeen Hind 
Published: January 2019

Introduction:The single space and the double space (DS). In this procedure, an image is used to watermark a digital database, where the image bytes are divided into binary strings that block the text attributes of the selected database, we proposed an algorithm to defend against four common database attacks.Objective:Perform the watermark is Embedding and makes extraction of the watermark. We also describe the principal of the Embedding and extraction the watermark.Methods:The procedure to extract the watermark does not require knowledge of the original database that does not carry the same watermark. This feature is extremely important because it allows the discovery of a watermark in a copy of the original database, regardless of the subsequent updates to the asset. The extraction procedure is a direct reflection of the procedure used to embed the watermark is six steps.Results:Using new algorithm ability to develop a database watermark that would make it difficult for an attacker to remove or change the watermark without discovering the value of the object. To be judged effective, the database algorithm had to be able to create a strong enough watermark that could sustain the security of the database in the face of the following four types of attack: deletion of a sub-dataset, addition of a sub-dataset.Conclusion:The performance of the proposed algorithm was assessed in respect of its ability to defend the database against four common attacks for all tuples selection.
TiO<sub>2</sub> BEADS FOR PHOTOCATALYTIC DEGRADATION OF HUMIC ACID IN PEAT WATER
Authors: Andayani Winarti , Bagyo Agustin N M 
Published: January 2019

Degradation of humic acid in aqueous solution containing TiO2 coated on ceramics beads under irradiation of 254 nm UV light has been conducted in batch reactor. The aim of this experiment was to study photocatalytic degradation of humic acid in peat water. The irradiation of the humic acid in aqueous solution was conducted in various conditions i.e solely uv, in the presence of TiO2-slurry and TiO2 beads. The color intensity, humic acid residue, conductivity and COD (chemical oxygen demand) of the solution were analyzed before and after irradiation. The compounds produced during photodegradation were identified using HPLC. The results showed that after photocatalytic degradation, the color intensity and the COD value of the solution decreased, while the conductivity of water increased indicating mineralization of the peat water occurred. In addition, oxalic acid as the product of degradation was observed.
SYNTHESIS OF POLYPROPYLCALIX[6]ARENE FROM p-<i>t</i>-BUTYLPHENOL AS ADSORBENT FOR Cr(III) METAL ION
Authors: Prabawati Susy Yunita , Jumina Jumina , Santosa Sri Juari , Mustofa Mustofa 
Published: January 2019

A study has been conducted to synthesize a novel polypropylcalix[6]arene polymer using p-t-butylphenol as a starting material. It was of interest to investigate the capability of the polymer with a tunnel-like structure, as adsorbent to trap the heavy metal cation such as Cr3+. The synthesis was carried out in several steps i.e (1) formation of p-t-butylcalix[6]arene from p-t-butylphenol as a starting material, (2) treatment of p-t-butylcalix[6]arene with 4.95 equivalents of allyl bromide under alkaline conditions to yield p-t-butyl-37,40-diallyloxy-38,39,41,42-tetra-hydroxy-calix[6]arene, and (3) polymerization of p-t-butyl-37,40-diallyloxy-38,39,41,42-tetrahydroxycalix[6]arene by treatment with concentrated sulfuric acid to yield polypropyl-calix[6]arene. The application of polypropylcalix[6]arene for trapping Cr(III) was investigated by stirring the suspension of calixarene under variation of pH, time, and adsorbent mass. IR and 1H NMR spectra, showed that two allyl groups had been incorporated to the lower rim of the p-t-butylcalix[6]arene and the polymer was obtained as brownish green crystals with the melting point of 108-110 °C. The study also showed that the polypropylcalix[6]arene was able to trap Cr(III) cation. The optimum adsorption conditions were achieved at pH 5, contact time 60 min and concentration 12 mg/l for every 0,008 g of polymer.
THE POTENTIOMETRIC UREA BIOSENSOR USING CHITOSAN MEMBRANE
Authors: Mulyasuryani Ani , Roosdiana Anna , Srihardyastutie Arie 
Published: January 2019

Potentiometric urea biosensor development is based on urea hydrolysis by urease resulted CO2. The biosensor is used chitosan membrane and the H3O+ electrode as a transducer. The research was studied of effecting pH and membrane thickness to the biosensor performance. The best biosensor performance resulted at pH = 7.3 and 0.2 mm of membrane thickness. The biosensor has a Nerntian factor 28.47 mV/decade; the concentration range is 0.1 up to 6.00 ppm; and the limit of detection is 0.073 ppm. The response time of this biosensor is 280 seconds, efficiency 32 samples and accuracy 94% up to 99%. Keywords: biosensor, potentiometry, urea, chitosan membrane
EFFECT OF SCANDIUM ON HIDROGEN DISSOCIATION ENERGY AT MAGNESIUM SURFACE: AB INITIO DFT STUDY
Authors: Sutapa I Wayan , Armunanto Ria , Wijaya Karna 
Published: January 2019

The dissociative chemisorption of hydrogen on both pure and Sc-incorporated Mg(0001) surfaces have been studied by ab initio density functional theory (DFT) calculation. The calculated dissociation energy of hydrogen molecule on a pure Mg(0001) surface (1.200 eV) is in good agreement with comparable theoretical studies. For the Sc-incorporated Mg(0001) surface, the activated barrier decreases to 0.780 eV due to the strong interaction between the molecular orbital of hydrogen and the d metal state of Sc. This could explain the experimentally observed improvement in absorption kinetics of hydrogen when transition metals have been introduced into the magnesium materials. Keywords: Dissociation, Adsorption, Chemisorptions, DFT, Magnesium
ANTIBIOTIC COMPOUND FROM MARINE ACTINOMYCETES (<i>Streptomyces sp A11</i>): ISOLATION AND STRUCTURE ELUCIDATON
Authors: Sunaryanto Rofiq , Marwoto Bambang , Irawadi Tun Tedja , Mas’ud Zainal Alim , Hartoto Liesbetini 
Published: January 2019

Purification and structure elucidation of antibiotic produced by marine actinomycetes (Streptomyces sp A11) was conducted. Production of antibiotic was carried out by liquid fermentation using yeast and peptone medium for 5 days fermentation. Purification of antibiotic was carried out by silica gel 60 (Merck, 0.063-0.200 mm) column chromatography and preparative HPLC. Structure elucidation was carried out using ESI-MS, 1H NMR, 13C NMR, DEPT 13C NMR, and FTIR. This antibiotic was identified as cyclo (tyrosyl-prolyl) / (C14H16N2O3). This antibiotic had biological activity to Escherichia coli ATCC 25922, Staphylococcus aureus ATCC25923, Bacillus subtilis ATCC 66923, Pseudomonas aeruginosa ATCC27853, and produced by extracellular secretion. Keywords: antibiotic, actinomycetes, purification, structure elucidation