bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Ultra-broadband Optical Gain Engineering in Solution-processed QD-SOA Based on Superimposed Quantum Structure
Authors: Yousefabad Hamed Goli , Matloub Samiye , Rostami Ali 
Published: September 2019

AbstractIn this work, the optical gain engineering of an ultra-broadband InGaAs/AlAs solution-processed quantum dot (QD) semiconductor optical amplifier using superimposed quantum structure is investigated. The basic unit in the proposed structure (QDs) is designed and fabricated using solution-processed methods with considerable cost-effectiveness, fabrication ease, and QDs size tunability up to various limits (0.1 nm up to the desired values), considering suitable synthesis methods. Increasing the number of QDs, the device can span more than 1.02 μm (O, C, S, and L bands) using only one type of material for all QDs, and is not restricted to this limit in case of using more QD groups. Also, it can manipulate the optical gain peak value, spectral coverage, and resonant energy for customized optical windows, among which 1.31 μm and 1.55 μm are simulated as widely-applicable cases for model validation. This makes the device a prominent candidate for ultra-wide-bandwidth and also customized-gain applications in general. Variation impact of homogeneous and inhomogeneous broadenings, injection current and number of QD groups on optical gain are explained in detail. Besides proposing a design procedure for implementation of an ultra-broadband optical gain using superimposed QDs in solution-processed technology, the proposed gain engineering idea using this technology provides practically infinite bandwidth and an easy way to realize. By introducing this idea, one more step is actually taken to approach the effectiveness of solution process technology.
Improved spatial resolution by induced live cell and organelle swelling in hypotonic solutions
Authors: Jaiswal Astha , Hoerth Christian H. , Zúñiga Pereira Ana M. , Lorenz Holger 
Published: September 2019

AbstractInduced morphology changes of cells and organelles are by far the easiest way to determine precise protein sub-locations and organelle quantities in light microscopy. By using hypotonic solutions to swell mammalian cell organelles we demonstrate that precise membrane, lumen or matrix protein locations within the endoplasmic reticulum, Golgi and mitochondria can reliably be established. We also show the benefit of this approach for organelle quantifications, especially for clumped or intertwined organelles like peroxisomes and mitochondria. Since cell and organelle swelling is reversible, it can be applied to live cells for successive high-resolution analyses. Our approach outperforms many existing imaging modalities with respect to resolution, ease-of-use and cost-effectiveness without excluding any co-utilization with existing optical (super)resolution techniques.
Spodoptera frugiperda transcriptional response to infestation by Steinernema carpocapsae
Authors: Huot Louise , George Simon , Girard Pierre-Alain , Severac Dany , Nègre Nicolas , Duvic Bernard 
Published: September 2019

AbstractSteinernema carpocapsae is an entomopathogenic nematode (EPN) used in biological control of agricultural pest insects. It enters the hemocoel of its host via the intestinal tract and releases its symbiotic bacterium Xenorhabdus nematophila. In order to improve our knowledge about the physiological responses of its different hosts, we examined the transcriptional responses to EPN infestation of the fat body, the hemocytes and the midgut in the lepidopteran pest Spodoptera frugiperda. The tissues poorly respond to the infestation at an early time post-infestation of 8 h with only 5 genes differentially expressed in the fat body of the caterpillars. Strong transcriptional responses are observed at a later time point of 15 h post-infestation in all three tissues. Few genes are differentially expressed in the midgut but tissue-specific panels of induced metalloprotease inhibitors, immune receptors and antimicrobial peptides together with several uncharacterized genes are up-regulated in the fat body and the hemocytes. Among the most up-regulated genes, we identified new potential immune effectors, unique to Lepidoptera, which show homology with bacterial genes of unknown function. Altogether, these results pave the way for further functional studies of the responsive genes’ involvement in the interaction with the EPN.
Black hole mass of central galaxies and cluster mass correlation in cosmological hydro-dynamical simulations
Authors: Bassini L. , Rasia E. , Borgani S. , Ragone-Figueroa C. , Biffi V. , Dolag K. , Gaspari M. , Granato G. L. , Murante G. , Taffoni G. , Tornatore L. 
Published: September 2019

Context. The correlations between the properties of the brightest cluster galaxy (BCG) and the mass of its central super-massive black hole (SMBH) have been extensively studied from a theoretical and observational angle. More recently, relations connecting the SMBH mass and global properties of the hosting cluster, such as temperature and mass, were observed.
Aims. We investigate the correlation between SMBH mass and cluster mass and temperature, their establishment and evolution. We compare their scatter to that of the classical MBH − MBCG relation. Moreover, we study how gas accretion and BH-BH mergers contribute to SMBH growth across cosmic time.
Methods. We employed 135 groups and clusters with a mass range 1.4 × 1013 M⊙ − 2.5 × 1015 M⊙ extracted from a set of 29 zoom-in cosmological hydro-dynamical simulations where the baryonic physics is treated with various sub-grid models, including feedback by active galactic nuclei.
Results. In our simulations we find that MBH correlates well with M500 and T500, with the scatter around these relations compatible within 2σ with the scatter around MBH − MBCG at z = 0. The MBH − M500 relation evolves with time, becoming shallower at lower redshift as a direct consequence of hierarchical structure formation. On average, in our simulations the contribution of gas accretion to the total SMBH mass dominates for the majority of the cosmic time (z >  0.4), while in the last 2 Gyr the BH-BH mergers become a larger contributor. During this last process, substructures hosting SMBHs are disrupted in the merger process with the BCG and the unbound stars enrich the diffuse stellar component rather than increase BCG mass.
Conclusions. From the results obtained in our simulations with simple sub-grid models we conclude that the scatter around the MBH − T500 relation is comparable to the scatter around the MBH − MBCG relation and that, given the observational difficulties related to the estimation of the BCG mass, clusters temperature and mass can be a useful proxy for the SMBHs mass, especially at high redshift.
Behandlung des gutartigen Lagerungsschwindels beeinflusst
Angststörungen
Authors: Strauß Silja 
Published: September 2019

Gunes A et al. Effects of treatment on anxiety levels among patients with benign
paroxysmal positional vertigo. Eur Arch Otorhinolaryngol 2019; doi:
10.1007/s00405–019–05297–9
Der Zusammenhang von Schwindel und Angststörungen ist bekannt. Türkische
HNO-Ärzte untersuchten bei Patienten mit benigner paroxysmaler positionaler
Vertigo (BPPV) das Angstniveau vor und nach einer Behandlung mit dem
Beck-Angstinventar (BAI). Darüber hinaus bewerteten sie den Einfluss der
Behandlung auf Subparameter des BAI.
Expertentreffen COPD: Lunge und Herz – ziemlich oft gemeinsam krank!
Authors: Jany B. , Bals R. , Dreher M. , Held M. , Jany L. , Rembert Koczulla A. , Pfeifer M. , Randerath W. , Watz H. , Wilkens H. , Steinkamp G. 
Published: September 2019

ZusammenfassungPneumologen sollten immer auch an das Herz denken, wenn sie Patienten mit pulmonalen Erkrankungen diagnostizieren und therapieren. Dies gilt besonders für die COPD, aber auch eine ganze Reihe anderer pneumologischer Krankheitsbilder. Auf dem Workshop „Luftschlösser“, der wieder im Februar 2019 in Wiesbaden abgehalten wurde, diskutierten die Teilnehmer die vielfältigen Interaktionen von Lunge und Herz und deren Bedeutung für die Therapie. Ausgehend von pathophysiologischen Überlegungen wurden die psychosozialen Auswirkungen des Kardinalsymptoms Dyspnoe für Patienten sowohl mit Lungen- als auch Herzerkrankungen deutlich. Eine besondere diagnostische und therapeutische Herausforderung liegt im simultanen Auftreten von pulmonalen und kardialen Krankheiten beim individuellen Patienten. So wurde gezeigt, wie häufig die Komorbidität Herzinfarkt bei COPD übersehen wird – und vice versa. Dass auch Asthmatiker häufiger eine koronare Herzerkrankung oder eine Herzinsuffizienz aufweisen, ist im klinischen Alltag nicht immer präsent. Die Überblähung der Lunge beim Emphysem beeinträchtigt die kardiale Funktion auch beim Herzgesunden. Die medikamentöse Verminderung der Überblähung verbessert so die kardiale Funktion. Biomarker helfen bei der Differenzialdiagnose. Ihre Rolle wird in der großen deutschen Kohorte COSYCONET untersucht. Der schwerergradig herzkranke Lungenpatient stellt therapeutisch eine große Herausforderung dar, insbesondere wenn er intensiv- und beatmungspflichtig wird und das Weaning prolongiert verläuft. Ein „klassisches“ Beispiel der Interaktion von Lunge und Herz stellen die Lungengefäßerkrankungen dar. Sowohl bei der pulmonal-arteriellen Hypertonie als auch der chronisch-thromboembolischen pulmonalen Hypertonie vergeht nicht selten eine zu lange Zeit bis zur Diagnosestellung. Die therapeutischen Möglichkeiten haben sich für beide Gruppen von Lungengefäßerkrankungen in den letzten Jahren erheblich verbessert und stellen eine wichtige Aufgabe für Pneumologen dar. Schlafbezogene Atmungsstörungen und die kardiale Funktion stehen in einer Wechselbeziehung, die nach der SERVE-HF-Studie einer besonderen Aufmerksamkeit bedarf. Unstrittig bleibt, dass die obstruktive Schlafapnoe ein unabhängiger Risikofaktor für kardiovaskuläre Erkrankungen ist und leitlinienkonform behandelt werden muss.Der Workshop zeigte eindrucksvoll die vielfältigen Wechselwirkungen von Herz und respiratorischem System, die zu Problemen in Diagnostik und Therapie führen können. Pneumologische Leitlinien sollten den Aspekt der kardialen Komorbidität stärker in den Fokus nehmen.
Rauchen im Jugendalter in England und Deutschland, 2001 – 2016
Authors: Hanewinkel R. , Isensee B. , Goecke M. , Morgenstern M. 
Published: September 2019

Zusammenfassung
Ziel Deskription des Rauchverhaltens Jugendlicher aus England und Deutschland über einen Beobachtungszeitraum von 15 Jahren.
Methode 11 wiederholte Querschnittserhebungen mit insgesamt 107 485 Personen im Alter von 11 bis 15 Jahren wurden zwischen 2001 und 2016 in England und Deutschland durchgeführt. Erfasst wurde a) der relative Anteil Jugendlicher, die jemals in ihrem Leben ein konventionelles Tabakprodukt geraucht hatten, und b) der relative Anteil aktuell rauchender Jugendlicher, d. h. Jugendliche, die „gelegentlich“ bzw. „ständig“ oder „regelmäßig“ rauchten.
Ergebnisse Es zeigte sich im Beobachtungszeitraum eine signifikant stärkere Reduktion des Anteils Jugendlicher mit Raucherfahrung in Deutschland (von 52 % auf 10 %) im Vergleich zu England (von 44 % auf 19 %). Der Anteil aktuell rauchender Jugendlicher fiel im Beobachtungszeitraum in Deutschland um 16 Prozentpunkte auf 3 % und in England um 12 Prozentpunkte auf 7 % (kein signifikanter Unterschied).
Schlussfolgerungen Die Daten liefern einen Hinweis auf einen stärkeren Trend zum Nie-Rauchen in Deutschland im Vergleich zu England und auf einen vergleichbaren Trend zum selteneren aktuellen Rauchen in den beiden Ländern. Kausale Schlussfolgerungen sind aufgrund der Studienanlage nicht möglich.
Akutes respiratorisches Versagen durch Silikon-Injektion
Authors: Eckle V.-S. , Lambiris N. , Grund D. , Vogtmann M. , Ruwwe-Glösenkamp C. , Uhrig A. , Suttorp N. , Witzenrath M. , Müller-Redetzky H. 
Published: September 2019

ZusammenfassungEin 35-jähriger Patient stellte sich mit Fieber, Dyspnoe und Petechien in der Notaufnahme einer Universitätsklinik vor. Im Röntgen-Thorax zeigten sich bipulmonale Infiltrate. 5 Tage zuvor hatte sich der Patient Silikonöl als kosmetischen Laieneingriff subkutan in den Penis injizieren lassen. Bei zunehmender respiratorischer Verschlechterung musste der Patient analgosediert und intubiert werden. Im CT des Thorax und in der Bronchoskopie zeigte sich eine diffuse alveoläre Hämorrhagie. Die Diagnose einer Pneumonitis mit einem schweren akuten respiratorischen Versagen aufgrund eines Silikon-Embolisations-Syndroms wurde gestellt. Neben Bauchlagerung und Lungen-protektiver Beatmung wurde mit einer Kortison-Stoß-Therapie behandelt. Nach 19 intensivstationären Behandlungstagen konnte der Patient auf die Normalstation verlegt werden. In der ambulanten Nachsorge zeigte sich eine altersentsprechende Lungenfunktion.
Fazit Bei Fieber, Atemnot und alveolärer Hämorrhagie sollte im Zusammenhang mit kosmetischen Eingriffen differenzialdiagnostisch an eine Silikon-Pneumonitis gedacht werden. Unter Hochdosis-Kortison-Therapie und Lungen-protektiver Beatmung kann ein schweres respiratorisches Lungenversagen bis zur vollständigen Ausheilung erfolgreich therapiert werden.
Enhanced biogas production from fecal sludge by iron metal supplementation: iron enriched fertiliser as a byproduct
Authors: Dhungana S , Adhikari B , Shrestha S D , Shrestha B P 
Published: September 2019

Abstract
Iron has strong influence on microbial metabolism and can inhibit activity of microbes in cases of excessive concentrations or of low bioavailability of nutrients. Addition of iron fulfils the deficiency of seven enzymes provided by eight microorganisms. These enzymes are very essential for the microbial activity during anaerobic digestion for enhanced methane production. In this study the anaerobic digestion of fecal sludge was conducted in the presence of iron powder (Fe) as a trace element and the temperature was maintained at mesophilic range i.e. 35°C. For the correction of C: N ratio, co-digestion of fecal sludge and kitchen waste was done. The gas produced was measured by water displacement method. Biogas production from human feces as substrate when supplemented with different concentration of iron powder resulted with improved amount of methane as that from the fecal sludge in the control. Results showed that the production of methane was improved to 53.11 % and 64.74 % in the presence of iron powder, respectively at the dose rate of 0.25 g Fe and 0.5 g Fe per 200 g sludge. The increase in methane yield from Co-digestion was found to be 76.27 % as compared to that of fecal sludge in control.
Hot air drying of coconut residue: shelf life, drying characteristics, and product quality
Authors: Jongyingcharoen J S , Wuttigarn P , Assawarachan R 
Published: September 2019

Abstract
The longest and the shortest shelf lives of coconut residue based on microbial analysis were more than 140 and less than 3 days when varied the moisture content from 0.03 to 0.25 g water/g dry matter, respectively. Drying characteristics and quality of coconut residue were determined at various drying temperatures (50-80˚C) and layer thicknesses (5-10 mm). These drying factors significantly affected drying time, whiteness and oil content of coconut residue. The highest temperature and the smallest thickness resulted in the shortest drying time (70 min). As compared to fresh sample, drying for less than 200 min gave whiter coconut residue and all dried samples had higher oil content.
Immune response declines with age in a wild lizard
Authors: Plasman Melissa , Sandoval-Zapotitla Estela , Torres Roxana 
Published: September 2019

Abstract
The immune system allows animals to survive the constant attacks of pathogens. Although it is essential for survival and fitness, the performance of the immune system can decline with age (a process known as immunosenescence), which may be responsible for the increased mortality of older individuals. Only a few studies have investigated the effect of age on the immune system in reptiles, and no evidence of immunosenescence has yet been reported in lizards. In a wild population of Dickerson’s collared lizards (Crotaphytus dickersonae), we evaluated the effect of age (estimated by skeletochronology) on the male’s immune response to a novel antigen (phytohaemagglutinin). We found a strong negative relationship between immune response and age, the first evidence of immunosenescence in a lizard. Our results show that immunosenescence can occur even in relatively short-lived reptiles and underline the importance of age on performance in fitness-related traits.
Support Needs and Post-Adoption Resources for Adopted Adults: A Systematic Review
Authors: Sánchez-Sandoval Yolanda , Jiménez-Luque Natalia , Melero Sandra , Luque Violeta , Verdugo Laura 
Published: September 2019

Abstract
Post-adoption services provide guidance to adoptive families concerning common and specific circumstances. Despite adoption is a lifelong experience, most of the post-adoption resources are oriented towards children, adolescents and their adoptive parents. However, it is also necessary to focus on the demands and interventions with adult adoptees. The aim of this article is to review adult adoptees’ demands for post-adoption resources, applicants’ characteristics and resources offered to them. A systematic search was conducted in several databases, finding forty studies that fulfilled the selection criteria (about adults, domestic/international adoptions and published between 2005 and 2018). The included studies showed mainly three needs: contact with birth family, ethnic identity and birth culture, and psychological support. Additionally, adoptees who demand post-adoption resources are a heterogeneous group. This review collects structured programmes focused on different topics: search for origins, attachment development and professionals’ training in adoption. In addition, we also found some specific post-adoption services and other tools, such as support groups or cultural events. Finally, adoptees also have access to other resources that are not specifically for them, such as mental health services. The scarce existence of evidence-based interventions is an important weakness in this work. Recommendations for future research and practice are included.
Lack of Sez6 Family Proteins Impairs Motor Functions, Short-Term Memory, and Cognitive Flexibility and Alters Dendritic Spine Properties
Authors: Nash Amelia , Aumann Timothy D , Pigoni Martina , Lichtenthaler Stefan F , Takeshima Hiroshi , Munro Kathryn M , Gunnersen Jenny M 
Published: September 2019

Abstract
Seizure-related gene 6 (Sez6), Sez6-Like (Sez6L), and Sez6-Like 2 (Sez6L2) comprise a family of homologous proteins widely expressed throughout the brain that have been linked to neurodevelopmental and psychiatric disorders. Here, we use Sez6 triple knockout (TKO) mice, which lack all three Sez6 family proteins, to demonstrate that Sez6 family proteins regulate dendritic spine structure and cognitive functions, motor learning, and maintenance of motor functions across the lifespan. Compared to WT controls, we found that Sez6 TKO mice had impaired motor learning and their motor coordination was negatively affected from 6 weeks old and declined more rapidly as they aged. Sez6 TKO mice had reduced spine density in the hippocampus and dendritic spines were shifted to more immature morphologies in the somatosensory cortex. Cognitive testing revealed that they had enhanced stress responsiveness, impaired working, and spatial short-term memory but intact spatial long-term memory in the Morris water maze albeit accompanied by a reversal deficit. Our study demonstrates that the lack of Sez6 family proteins results in phenotypes commonly associated with neuropsychiatric disorders making it likely that Sez6 family proteins contribute to the complex etiologies of these disorders.
The Territorial Constitution and the Brexit Process
Authors: Tierney Stephen 
Published: September 2019

Abstract
This article assesses the United Kingdom’s rapidly evolving territorial constitution through the register of federal theory. While not arguing that the UK is federal or ought to be described as federal, the article contends that federalism is a useful prism through which to assess how well the UK’s constitution accommodates autonomy on the one hand and the efficacy of union, which is the essential complement of pluralism, on the other. It then proceeds to assess the Brexit process in light of existing imbalances in the UK’s territorial arrangements. The way in which Parliament has paved the way for the United Kingdom’s withdrawal from the EU is widely considered to be deeply unpropitious for devolution. However, upon further analysis of the legal changes and internal political commitments that have been designed to facilitate Brexit, it would appear that a more balanced set of constitutional arrangements may be emerging which could in fact bolster and further embed the United Kingdom’s territorial constitutional commitments.
Efficacy of Medical Operations and Layout Planning Onboard Nontraditional US Navy Vessels at High Seas
Authors: Lindemann Cameron , Hoang Tuan , Pierce Eric , Franciose Reginald , Pena Mathew , Wilson Tina , Bass Cameron , Shattuck Nita L , LaPorta Anthony J 
Published: September 2019

Abstract
Introduction: Attempting to expedite delivery of care to wounded war fighters, this study aimed to quantify the ability of medical and surgical teams to perform lifesaving damage control and resuscitation procedures aboard nontraditional US Navy Vessels on high seas. Specifically, it looked at the ability of the teams to perform procedures in shipboard operating and emergency rooms by analyzing motion of personnel during the procedures. Methods: One hundred and twelve damage control and resuscitation procedures were performed during a voyage of the US Naval Ship Brunswick in transit from Norfolk, Virginia, to San Diego, California. The ability of personnel to perform these procedures was quantified by the use of motion link analysis designed to track the movement of each participant as they completed their assigned tasks. Results: The link analysis showed no significant change in the number of movements of participants from the beginning to the end of the study. However, there was a learning effect observed during the study, with teams completing tasks faster at the end of the study than at the beginning. Conclusion: This shows that the working conditions aboard the US Naval Ship Brunswick were satisfactory for the assigned tasks, indicating that these medical operations may be feasible aboard nontraditional US Navy vessels.