bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Pendidikan Perempuan Perspektif Quraish Shihab Dalam Tafsir al Misbah
Authors: Firdaus Dhomirotul , Arifin Zaenal 
Published: January 2019

The focus of this article is to discuss how the conception of a woman's position according to M. Quraish Shihab in his book "Tafsir al Misbah". The writing of this article is motivated by the fact that society today still positions women in a marginal position, despite the fact that many Moslems thinkers argue that women have the same dignity as men. And even among certain (urban) communities, women have become drivers of social, economic and political change. But understanding the Indonesian people (especially rural) still positions women in marginal positions. This study generate several conclusions, first, that women's education must be emphasized more on the principle of sharing in improving quality rather than competence to win and lose, continuously empowering, strengthening with religious material, and starting early. Second, according to M. Quraish Shihab women's education is oriented towards material (physical) and immaterial (mind and soul). And third, the paradigm and thought map of M. Quraish Shihab is a critique of the conservative and liberal paradigms, where education should free women from subordination and marginalization due to the discriminative ideology adopted by the people today, as a reflection of religious interpretations of the community against religious teachings, impressive concern for the issue of social injustice, lawsuit for gender discrimination, and social issues.

Fokus pada artikel ini adalah membahas tentang bagaimana konsepsi kedudukan perempuan menurut M. Quraish Shihab dalam bukunya “Tafsir al Misbah”. Penulisan artikel ini dilatarbelakangi dengan fakta masyarakat saat ini yang masih memposisikan perempuan dalam posisi yang marginal, meskipun sebenarnya telah banyak pemikir muslim yang berpendapat bahwa perempuan memiliki martabat yang sama dengan kaum laki-laki. Dan bahkan di kalangan masyarakat tertentu (perkotaan), perempuan telah menjadi penggerak perubahan sosial, ekonomi dan politik. Namun mainstrem masyarakat Indonesia (khususnya pedesaan) masih memposisikan perempuan di posisi yang marginal. Studi ini menghasilkan beberapa kesimpulan, pertama, bahwa pendidikan perempuan harus lebih ditekankan pada prinsip saling berbagi dalam meningkatkan kualitas bukan kompetensi untuk menang dan kalah, kontinyu melakukan pemberdayaan, melakukan penguatan dengan materi agama, dan dimulai sejak dini. Kedua, menurut M. Quraish Shihab pendidikan perempuan diorientasi pada unsur material (jasmani) dan imaterial (akal dan jiwa). Dan Ketiga, peta paradigma dan pemikiran M. Quraish Shihab merupakan kritik terhadap paradigm konservatif dan liberal, di mana pendidikan seharusnya membebaskan kaum perempuan dari subordinasi dan marginalisasi akibat ideologi diskrimatif yang dianut masyarakat saat ini, sebagai cerminan dari tafsiran keagamaan masyarakat tehadap ajaran agama, mengesankan kepeduliannya terhadap persoalan ketidakadilan sosial, gugatan atas diskriminasi gender, dan persoalan sosial.
Tantangan Modernisme Pendidikan Agama Islam dari Konservatisme
Authors: Mukhlison Moch. 
Published: January 2019

Tantangan Moderatisme Pendidikan Agama Islam Dari Konservatisme, bukan kajian baru sebagai usaha melihat wajah baru keislaman di Indonesia, terlebih pasca reformasi. Sebagian kalangan menilai perjalanan demokrasi yang belum tuntas dianggap sebagai ladang subur pertarungan ideologi di semua level masyarakat, termasuk dunia pendidikan. Sikap negara pun dianggap menilai kebutuhan berdasarkan kepentingan politik semata, termasuk dalam skop kecil politik pengetahuan. Tulisan ini, menstudi politik pendidikan dalam konteks pertarungan ideologi moderatisme dan konservatisme dalam sekolah agama Islam. Studi dimulai melacak konteks kemunculan pendidikan Islam di Indonesia hingga saat ini. Metode yang digunakan, studi literasi berbasis dokumen ilmiah dan laporan hasil penelitian. Hasil studi ini, melihat pendidikan agama Islam di lembaga-lembaga pendidikan berideologi moderatisme sedang mengalami serangan ideologi konservatisme dari pelbagai arah. Misalnya, materi dalam bahan-bahan ajar mata pelajaran agama seperti konsep jihad dengan doktrin amar makruf nahi munkar. Contoh lain adalah penjelasan tentang kerajaan Bani Umayyah atau Abbasiyah. Konteks yang diperlihatkan sistem pemerintahan khilafah (kepeminpinan tunggal). Sikap pemerintah yang mencerminkan demokrasi dihilangkan. Topik-topik seperti inilah yang sangat berpotensi dijadikan gerakan konservatisme untuk mengembangkan ideologinya.
Perancangan Alat Pendeteksi Kualitas Telur Menggunakan Sensor Fotodioda Berbasis Mikrokontroler
Authors: Widiantoro Singgih - , Rahmaddeni Rahmaddeni - 
Published: January 2019

Â Telur merupakan bahan makanan yang memiliki nilai gizi yang baik. Telur dapat menurun kualitasnya apabila disimpan dalam waktu yang lama. Seorang konsumen harus teliti dalam menentukan kualitas telur, karna proses yang dilakukan secara manual dan membutuhkan waktu yang cukup lama, namun tidak semua konsumen mengecek telur yang dibeli apakah baik atau buruk. Untuk mengatasi hal tersebut, maka perlu adanya pengamatan khusus agar telur yang dijual dalam keadaan layak untuk dikonsumsi konsumen. Pengamatan khusus pada stok telur maka dibutuhkan sebuah teknologi yang memiliki peranan penting dalam proses pengamatan tersebut. Berdasarkan masalah yang telah dipaparkan maka penulis akan membangun teknologi yang dapat mendeteksi kualitas telur. Dalam pengimplementasiannya menggunakan lampu pijar yang digunakan sebagai penyinar kesetiap telur, apabila telur dalam keadaan baik maka sinar lampu pijar akan diterima oleh fotodioda dan untuk telur buruk sinar yang diterima tidak sebaik telur yang baik. Kemudian data dari sensor fotodioda diolah oleh Atmega8535 yang hasilnya akan ditampilkan pada layar monitor untuk mengetahui telur baik dan buruk. Dengan adanya alat ini dapat memberikan manfaat dalam membedakan telur yang baik dan buruk serta mempercepat proses pendeteksian kualitas telur dan dapat meningkatkan kepercayaan konsumen terhadap pedagang.
Circumstellar Dust Distribution in Systems with Two Planets in Resonance
Authors: Marzari Francesco , D’Angelo Gennaro , Picogna Giovanni 
Published: January 2019

Abstract
We investigate via numerical modeling the effects of two planets locked in resonance, and migrating outward, on the dust distribution of the natal circumstellar disk. We aim to test whether the dust distribution exhibits peculiar features arising from the interplay among the gravitational perturbations of the planets in resonance, the evolution of the gas, and its influence on the dust grain dynamics. We focus on the 3:2 and 2:1 resonance, where the trapping may be caused by the convergent migration of a Jupiter- and Saturn-mass planet, preceding the common gap formation and ensuing outward (or inward) migration. Models show that a common gap also forms in the dust component similarly to what a single, more massive planet would generate and that outward migration leads to a progressive widening of the dust gap and to a decoupling from the gas gap. As the system evolves, a significantly wider gap is observed in the dust distribution, which ceases to overlap with the gas gap in the inner disk regions. At the outer edge of the gas gap, outward migration of the planets produces an overdensity of dust particles, which evolve differently in the 3:2 and 2:1 resonances. For the 3:2 resonance, the dust trap at the gap’s outer edge is partly efficient, and a significant fraction of the grains filters through the gap. For the 2:1 resonance, the trap is more efficient, and very few grains cross the gap, while the vast majority accumulate at the outer edge of the gap.
Discovery of Three New Transiting Hot Jupiters: WASP-161 b, WASP-163 b, and WASP-170 b
Authors: Barkaoui K. , Burdanov A. , Hellier C. , Gillon M. , Smalley B. , Maxted P. F. L. , Lendl M. , Triaud A. H. M. J. , Anderson D. R. , McCormac J. , Jehin E. , Almleaky Y. , Armstrong D. J. , Benkhaldoun Z. , Bouchy F. , Brown D. J. A. , Cameron A. C. , Daassou A. , Delrez L. , Ducrot E. , Foxell E. , Murray C. , Nielsen L. D. , Pepe F. , Pollacco D. , Pozuelos F. J. , Queloz D. , Segransan D. , Udry S. , Thompson S. , West R. G. 
Published: January 2019

Abstract
We present the discovery of three new transiting hot Jupiters by the WASP-South project, WASP-161 b, WASP-163 b, and WASP-170 b. Follow-up radial velocities obtained with the Euler/CORALIE spectrograph and transit light curves obtained with the TRAPPIST-North, TRAPPIST-South, SPECULOOS-South, NITES, and Euler telescopes have enabled us to determine the masses and radii for these transiting exoplanets. WASP-161 b completes an orbit around its V = 11.1 F6V-type host star in 5.406 days, and has a mass M

p
= 2.5 ± 0.2M
Jup and radius R

p
= 1.14 ± 0.06 R
Jup. WASP-163 b orbits around its host star (spectral type G8V and the magnitude V = 12.5) every 1.609 days, and has a mass of M

P
= 1.9 ± 0.2 M
Jup and a radius of R

p
= 1.2 ± 0.1 R
Jup. WASP-170 b has a mass of 1.7 ± 0.2 M
Jup and a radius of 1.14 ± 0.09 R
Jup and is on a 2.344 day orbit around a G1V-type star of magnitude V = 12.8. Given their irradiations (∼109 erg s−1 cm−2) and masses, the three new planets’ sizes are in good agreement with classical models of irradiated giant planets.
A Study of a Tilted Thin Inner Accretion Disk around a Spinning Black Hole
Authors: Banerjee Srimanta , Chakraborty Chandrachur , Bhattacharyya Sudip 
Published: January 2019

Abstract
The inner part of a thin accretion disk around a Kerr black hole can serve as an important tool to study the physics of the strong gravity regime. A tilt in such a disk with respect to the black hole spin axis is particularly useful for this purpose, as such a tilt can have a significant effect on the observed X-ray spectral and timing features via Lense–Thirring precession. However, the inner disk has been predicted to become aligned with the spin direction of the black hole by the well-known Bardeen–Petterson effect. Here we calculate, both analytically and numerically, the radial profile of the thin accretion disk tilt angle in the viscous regime (i.e.,

α is the Shakura–Sunyaev viscosity parameter, H is the disk thickness, and R is the radial distance). We show that the inner disk may not be aligned at all for certain reasonable ranges of parameter values. This makes the inner accretion disk particularly promising to probe the black hole parameters, and the accretion process in the strong gravity region.
Signatures of Magnetic Reconnection at the Footpoints of Fan-shaped Jets on a Light Bridge Driven by Photospheric Convective Motions
Authors: Bai Xianyong , Socas-Navarro Hector , Nóbrega-Siverio Daniel , Su Jiangtao , Deng Yuanyong , Li Dong , Cao Wenda , Ji Kaifan 
Published: January 2019

Abstract
Dynamical jets are generally found on light bridges (LBs), which are key to studying sunspot decay. So far, their formation mechanism is not fully understood. In this paper, we used state-of-the-art observations from the Goode Solar Telescope, the Interface Region Imaging Spectrograph, the Spectro-polarimeter on board Hinode, and the Atmospheric Imaging Assembly (AIA) on board the Solar Dynamics Observatory to analyze the fan-shaped jets on LBs in detail. A continuous upward motion of the jets in the ascending phase is found from the Hα velocity that lasts for 12 minutes and is associated with the Hα line wing enhancements. Two mini jets appear on the bright fronts of the fan-shaped jets visible in the AIA 171 and 193 Å channels, with a time interval as short as 1 minute. Two kinds of small-scale convective motions are identified in the photospheric images, along with the Hα line wing enhancements. One seems to be associated with the formation of a new convection cell, and the other manifests as the motion of a dark lane passing through the convection cell. The finding of three-lobe Stokes V profiles and their inversion with the NICOLE code indicate that there are magnetic field lines with opposite polarities in LBs. From the Hα −0.8 Å images, we found ribbon-like brightenings propagating along the LBs, possibly indicating slipping reconnection. Our observation supports the idea that the fan-shaped jets under study are caused by magnetic reconnection, and photospheric convective motions play an important role in triggering the magnetic reconnection.
The Infrared Medium-deep Survey. VI. Discovery of Faint Quasars at z ∼ 5 with a Medium-band-based Approach
Authors: Kim Yongjung , Im Myungshin , Jeon Yiseul , Kim Minjin , Pak Soojong , Taak Yoon Chan , Choi Changsu , Hong Jueun , Hyun Minhee , Ji Tae-Geun , Jun Hyunsung David , Karouzos Marios , Kim Dohyeong , Kim Duho , Kim Jae-Woo , Kim Ji Hoon , Lee Hye-In , Lee Seong-Kook , Park Won-Kee , Yoon Yongmin , Byeon Seoyeon , Hwang Sungyong , Kim Joonho , Kim Sophia , Lim Gu , Paek Insu , Park Woojin , Shin Suhyun 
Published: January 2019

Abstract
The faint quasars with M
1450 > −24 mag are known to hold the key to the determination of the ultraviolet emissivity for the cosmic reionization. But only a few have been identified so far because of the limitations on the survey data. Here we present the first results of the z ∼ 5 faint quasar survey with the Infrared Medium-deep Survey (IMS), which covers ∼100 deg2 areas in J band to the depths of J
AB ∼ 23 mag. To improve selection methods, the medium-band follow-up imaging has been carried out using the SED camera for QUasars in Early uNiverse (SQUEAN) on the Otto Struve 2.1 m Telescope. The optical spectra of the candidates were obtained with 8 m class telescopes. We newly discovered 10 quasars with −25 < M
1450 < −23 at z ∼ 5, among which three have been missed in a previous survey using the same optical data over the same area, implying the necessity for improvements in high-redshift faint quasar selection. We derived photometric redshifts from the medium-band data and found that they have high accuracies of

. The medium-band-based approach allows us to rule out many of the interlopers that contaminate ≳20% of the broadband-selected quasar candidates. These results suggest that the medium-band-based approach is a powerful way to identify z ∼ 5 quasars and measure their redshifts at high accuracy (1%–2%). It is also a cost-effective way to understand the contribution of quasars to the cosmic reionization history.
La « découverte de l’Amérique » par les protestants français en 1917-1918
Authors: Encrevé André 
Published: January 2019

En 1917, l’intervention américaine dans la guerre est l’occasion pour les protestants français de découvrir les États-Unis. Or, analyse André Encrevé , ce qu’ils en apprennent correspond souvent à ce qu’ils souhaitent pour la France, à savoir un pays protestant pratiquant logiquement une laïcité de facture protestante : la liberté religieuse est complète, les Églises sont séparées de l’État, mais l’État n’ignore pas le fait religieux et honore les Églises. Cette représentation se double d’une grande admiration pour le président Wilson, homme aux très fermes convictions religieuses, qui n’hésite pas à les mettre en avant dans l’exercice de ses fonctions.
Traque, expulsion, abandon : parcours de dublinés
Authors: Maillary Caroline 
Published: January 2019

Près de la moitié des demandes d’asile enregistrées en 2017 ont abouti à un placement en procédure « Dublin », ce qui signifie que les personnes concernées vivent sous la menace d’un renvoi dans le premier pays européen par lequel elles sont entrées dans l’UE, désigné comme responsable du traitement de leur demande d’asile. Même si ce renvoi n’est pas toujours effectif, tous les moyens sont bons pour traquer les « dubliné·e·s », les pousser à la faute et les reléguer dans une marginalité sociale qui fait de ces candidat·e·s à l’asile des sans-papiers dont la demande n’aura même pas été examinée.
La représentation-incarnation : idéaltype et configurations historiques
Authors: Sintomer Yves 
Published: January 2019

Résumé Cet article vise à comprendre des expressions telles que « We the people », « Wir sind das Volk », « l’État c’est moi », « We are the 99 % », « Nous sommes la nature ». La généalogie des prétentions à une représentation qui passe par l’incarnation de la communauté politique dans une personne ou un groupe remonte en Occident au Moyen Âge, voire aux débuts de la chrétienté. Cinq configurations historiques sont tour à tour analysées : la représentation de type trustee de la théorie politique de langue anglaise, la repraesentatio identitatis médiévale, la Repräsentation de la théorie politique allemande, la représentation populiste et la représentation libertaire. Dans une optique wébérienne, l’objectif global est de construire à partir d’elles un idéaltype de la représentation-incarnation. Celle-ci consiste en un rapport dans lequel une personne (ou un groupe) s’exprime et le cas échéant prend des décisions contraignantes au nom d’une entité représentée à laquelle elle s’identifie. Contrairement à la représentation-mandat, la représentation-incarnation ne repose pas sur une volonté explicite et un mandat donné par l’entité représentée.
The physical, chemical, and microbiological stability of chloramphenicol ophthalmic solution
Authors: Salih Tauwfik , El-Mahdi Idris 
Published: January 2019

Abstract
Aims: The aim of this work is to “predict” the remaining shelf-life of chloramphenicol (CH) eye drops, commercially marketed, using the theoretical “Longland–Rowbotham model,”” followed by confirmation of findings by practical means. Materials and Methods: The methods used for the evaluation of CH-eye drops included the assay of the active ingredient, sterility testing, and minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) determination using official methods during 6 months stability study at variable temperatures (4, 25°C). Furthermore, a 3-month accelerated stability study was carried out. Statistical analysis tests included Student's t-test and analysis of variance. Results: The prediction model indicated that in pessimistic conditions, the remaining shelf life was reduced to a merely 1 month following production (this is versus the 2 years expiration date given by manufacturer). However, the samples analyzed throughout a 6-month stability study revealed that storing CH solution at 4°C or 25°C does not produce any statistical difference regarding drug content, MIC, or sterility. Accelerated stability studies for 3 months period showed that only after 2 months from storage at 55°C the drug will start to degrade and a statistical difference could be observed. Conclusion: Storing CH-eye drops at room temperature for up to 6 months appears to have no effect on the stability of this antibiotic.
The quest for global monetary policy coordination
Authors: Bruni Franco , Serrate José Siaba , Villafranca Antonio 
Published: January 2019

Abstract
This paper puts forward a proposal to help monetary policies confront the challenge of the “normalisation” of money creation and interest rates. The difficult unwinding of years of unorthodox policies put financial stability at risk in major monetary centres and in EMEs. The authors argue that global coordination is crucial to facing this challenge. They propose to convene appropriate official meetings to coordinate in an explicit, formal, and wellcommunicated way the process of normalisation and the discussions on the needed longterm changes in the strategy and institutional setting of monetary policies.
Advancements in the Aerosol Robotic Network (AERONET) Version 3 database – automated near-real-time quality control algorithm with improved cloud screening for Sun photometer aerosol optical depth (AOD) measurements
Authors: Giles David M. , Sinyuk Alexander , Sorokin Mikhail G. , Schafer Joel S. , Smirnov Alexander , Slutsker Ilya , Eck Thomas F. , Holben Brent N. , Lewis Jasper R. , Campbell James R. , Welton Ellsworth J. , Korkin Sergey V. , Lyapustin Alexei I. 
Published: January 2019

Abstract. The Aerosol Robotic Network (AERONET) has provided highly
accurate, ground-truth measurements of the aerosol optical depth (AOD) using
Cimel Electronique Sun–sky radiometers for more than 25 years. In Version 2 (V2)
of the AERONET database, the near-real-time AOD was semiautomatically
quality controlled utilizing mainly cloud-screening methodology, while
additional AOD data contaminated by clouds or affected by instrument
anomalies were removed manually before attaining quality-assured status
(Level 2.0). The large growth in the number of AERONET sites over the past
25 years resulted in significant burden to the manual quality control of millions
of measurements in a consistent manner. The AERONET Version 3 (V3) algorithm
provides fully automatic cloud screening and instrument anomaly quality
controls. All of these new algorithm updates apply to near-real-time data as
well as post-field-deployment processed data, and AERONET reprocessed the
database in 2018. A full algorithm redevelopment provided the opportunity to
improve data inputs and corrections such as unique filter-specific
temperature characterizations for all visible and near-infrared wavelengths,
updated gaseous and water vapor absorption coefficients, and ancillary data
sets. The Level 2.0 AOD quality-assured data set is now available within a
month after post-field calibration, reducing the lag time from up to several
months. Near-real-time estimated uncertainty is determined using data
qualified as V3 Level 2.0 AOD and considering the difference between the AOD
computed with the pre-field calibration and AOD computed with pre-field and
post-field calibration. This assessment provides a near-real-time
uncertainty estimate for which average differences of AOD suggest a +0.02 bias
and one sigma uncertainty of 0.02, spectrally, but the bias and uncertainty
can be significantly larger for specific instrument deployments. Long-term
monthly averages analyzed for the entire V3 and V2 databases produced
average differences (V3–V2) of +0.002 with a ±0.02 SD (standard
deviation), yet monthly averages calculated using time-matched observations
in both databases were analyzed to compute an average difference of −0.002
with a ±0.004 SD. The high statistical agreement in
multiyear monthly averaged AOD validates the advanced automatic data
quality control algorithms and suggests that migrating research to the
V3 database will corroborate most V2 research conclusions and likely lead to
more accurate results in some cases.