bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
IMPROVING THE QUALITY OF PROSTATE TRANSURETHRAL RESECTION IN PATIENTS WITH BENIGN PROSTATIC HYPERPLASIA THROUGH INTRAOPERATIVE TRANSRECTAL ULTRASOUND MONITORING OF THE REMOVED TISSUE VOLUME
Authors: Filimonov V. B. , Vasin R. V. , Sobennikov I. S. 
Published: June 2019

Purpose of the study. To improve the quality of prostate transurethral resection by means of intraoperative ultrasound monitoring of the removed tissue volume.Patients and methods. The study included 92 patients who, according to indications, underwent prostate transurethral resection. Patients were divided into 2 groups. The 1st group included patients (n = 50) operated on using the method of monitoring the removed tissue volume, proposed in the study. The average age of patients in this group was 67.4 ± 3.88 years, the average prostate volume before surgery was 59.5 ± 4.5 cm3 with a range of values from 42 cm3 to 94 cm3. The 2nd group (n = 42) included patients operated on according to the classical method of prostate transurethral resection. The average age of patients in this group was 68.1 ± 2.9 years, the average prostate volume before surgery was 53.5 ± 4.5 cm3. Results. The average prostate volume atier surgery in patients of the 1st group was 23.2 ± 1.8 cm3. Thus, the average volume of the removed tissue was 63.2% of the prostate gland initial volume. The average prostate volume atier surgery in patients of the 2nd group was 25.6 ± 1.9 cm3 (p < 0.05). The average volume of the removed tissue was 52.1% of the prostate gland initial volume. The number of complications is comparable in groups of patients. When using the removed tissue control during surgery, it was possible to increase the resection radicality, which is reﬂ ected by a smaller average residual volume of the prostate gland (by 9.4%) atier surgery.Conclusion. The use of ultrasonic control of the prostate adenoma removed tissue volume during prostate transurethral resection does not increase the risks of possible postoperative complications, wherein increases radicality of the performed operation.
A TWO-YEAR STUDY OF CANCEROGENIC POTENTIAL OF THE NEW OPIOID RECEPTOR ANTAGONIST ONDELOPRAN IN RATS
Authors: Kryshen K. L. , Muzhikyan A. A. , Gaidai D. S. , Zaikin K. O. , Katelnikova A. E. , Samsonov M. Yu. , Mukhametshina E. I. , Konopleva G. E. , Shipaeva E. V. , Dmitrieva A. A. , Shagiakhmetov F. S. , Popova A. O. , Makarova M. N. , Makarov V. G. 
Published: June 2019

Opioid receptor antagonists are widely used for the treatment of alcohol dependence. Currently, original drug Odelepran (INN: ondelopran) with a unique binding proﬁ le to all three types of human opioid receptors (μ, κ, δ) is being developed by R-Pharm.Aim of the study. To investigate a cancerogenic poten al of the new opioid receptor antagonist ondelopran in a twoyear study in rats Materials and methods. The study cancerogenic potencial was performed in male and female Wistar rats at the age of 8–10 weeks at the start of experiment. All animals were allocated to 8 groups. Each group consisted of 50 animals of each sex. Test item (ondelopran ﬁ lm-coated tablets, 125 mg), was administered to the animals intragastrically as a tablets suspension in 1% starch solution daily, 5 days a week for 24 months in two doses: 10 mg/kg (equivalent therapeutic dose for humans) and 100 mg/kg. Animals of control groups were administered with placebo and vehicle (1% starch solution). Clinical observation and examination of animals were conducted weekly to detect any signs of intoxication; dynamics of the body weight and registration of animal deaths were also assessed. To assess the rate of the pathological changes, the macro- and microscopic examina on of inner organs and neoplasms was conducted.Results. During the study the mortality rates did not diﬀ er between the groups. Clinical signs ts.and symptoms of intoxication upon administration of the tested item and placebo were not observed. Neoplasms were found in the organs of all groups of animals. More than 30 variants of neoplasms were identiﬁ ed upon pathomorphological examination. The identiﬁ ed tumors are typical for rats and considered as spontaneous age-related pathology. There was no statistically signiﬁ cant diﬀ erences between groups in the total incidence of tumors.Conclusion. To conclude the above said, the test item of the ondelopran ﬁ lm-coated tablets, 125 mg have no carcinogenic properties.
Some Remarks on Positive Real Functions and Their Circuit Applications
Authors: ÖRNEK Bülent Nafi , DÜZENLİ Timur 
Published: June 2019

In this paper, a boundary version of the Schwarz lemma has been considered for driving point impedance functions at s=0 point of the imaginary axis. Accordingly, under Z(0)=0condition, the modulus of the derivative of the Z(s) function has been considered from below. Here, Z(alfa), c1 and c2 coefficients of the Taylor expansion of the Z(s)=beta+c1(s-alfa)+... function have been used in the obtained inequalities. The sharpness of these inequalities has also been proved.
Renal bone disease in patients on hemodialysis: an observational study focusing on the variation of calcium metabolism
Authors: Elahi Wajeeha , Syed Ameen Zubair , Jamil Bilal , Kamran Shahid , Adil Raheela , Qamar Nazia , Ariff Madiha , Anwar Adnan 
Published: June 2019

Background: The aim of this study was to determine the disturbances in the levels of mineral in the body due to hemodialysis at different levels of parathormone levels and to assess its association with the calcium levels.Methods: Study was a cross sectional for the period of 6 months taking ethical approval. Total 255 cases were registered in this study after taking their informed consent. The cases were divided into three groups according to PTH level. Group 1 has 87 subjects with PTH level <250, group 2 has 102 subjects with PTH level 250-650 and group 3 has 66 cases with PTH level >650. The cases were taking hemodialysis for greater than 6 months and have the ages more than 18 years were included in this study. The demographic data includes age, sex dialysis related data like duration of hemodialysis, levels of calcium, phosphorus, albumin, PTH, ALP were observed.Results: Hemodialysis duration were recorded in respective three groups as 7.28±5.71, 6.26±5.56 and 6.15±4.30 days respectively (P=0.319). Calcium was found in group 1, 8.70±0.81, in group 2, 8.39±0.89 and in group 3, 8.76±0.82 (P=0.01). PTH level in three respective group were recorded to be 123.46±74.15, 418.47±115.49 and 1314.67±1188.63 (P <0.001).Conclusions: Present study showed that significant difference was found in mineral levels in patients on hemodialysis with PTH level as well as with alkaline phosphatase level. Nevertheless, no significant difference was found with duration of dialysis and with parameter of albumin.
Hearing loss among children with sickle cell anaemia in Uganda
Authors: Kikuhe Nzanzu , Hume Heather , Kakande Emily , Namwagala Justine 
Published: June 2019

<p class="abstract"><strong>Background:</strong> A case control was carried out to study the prevalence, the pattern and associated factors of hearing loss among Ugandan children with sickle cell anaemia.</p><p class="abstract"><strong>Methods:</strong> One hundred and thirty-two children known sickle cell and one hundred thirty aged matched non-SCA controls were recruited after medical ethics committee approval and informed consent. Two obtain information on socio-demographic characteristics, history, and examination of the participants, a structured questionnaire was administered. Pure tone audiometry (PTA) was used to assess the hearing in a sound-treated room. </p><p class="abstract"><strong>Results:</strong> Twenty-two of the children had hearing impairment compared to 6 controls. Prevalence of hearing loss found among children with SCA was 17% but in the control group the prevalence found was 5%. Sensorineural hearing loss (SNHL) affected 39%, conductive (CHL) 25% and mixed (MHL) 14% among cases compared to CHL 7%, SNHL 7% and MHL 7% among the controls. The hearing loss varied from mild to moderate (95%). All sickle cell children had high-frequency hearing loss. There was a statistically significant association of hearing loss and neurologic motor deficit.</p><p class="abstract"><strong>Conclusions:</strong> Sickle patients are at risk of developing hearing loss as the study demonstrated a difference in hearing threshold in children living with sickle cell anaemia and the controls. High frequencies were more affected. The neurologic motor deficit was highly associated with hearing loss among patients with SCA compared to controls.</p>
Clinical profile of ossicles in chronic suppurative otitis media: a study of 100 cases
Authors: Bangera Divya R. , Kulkarni Shreeya V. , Dhawale Anuradha S. 
Published: June 2019

<p class="abstract"><strong>Background:</strong> To assess the status of ossicular chain intraoperatively in patients with chronic suppurative otitis media.</p><p class="abstract"><strong>Methods:</strong> This was an observational study carried out in the department of ENT for a period of two years. About 100 patients of CSOM both safe and unsafe type was included in the study. They were then posted for appropriate surgery and their intraoperative ossicular findings were recorded. </p><p class="abstract"><strong>Results:</strong> Out of 100 cases, malleus was found intact in 80 cases, eroded in 17 cases and absent in 3 cases. Incus was the ossicle most commonly found eroded in the study. It was intact in 65 cases, eroded in 29 cases and absent in 6 cases. The most commonly necrosed part was the long process of incus found in 25 cases. Stapes was found to be intact in 77 cases and suprastructure of stapes was eroded in 23 cases.</p><p class="abstract"><strong>Conclusions:</strong> We found malleus to be the most resistant ossicle to erosion in CSOM, whereas incus was found to be the most susceptible. The incidence of ossicular erosion was much greater in unsafe CSOM than in safe CSOM.</p>
Study of brain stem evoked audiometry in children under 10 years of age: a case series study
Authors: Suligavi Shashidhar S. , Pawar Shradha S. 
Published: June 2019

<p class="abstract"><strong>Background:</strong> Brainstem evoked response audiometry (BERA) is a diagnostic tool which can be used to assess the early hearing loss and planning rehabilitative procedures. It is noninvasive and can be performed in uncooperative children.</p><p class="abstract"><strong>Methods:</strong> To evaluate the hearing threshold and find the incidence of hearing loss in infants and children under 10 years of age. </p><p class="abstract"><strong>Results:</strong> Totally, 55 patients under 10 years of age were included in the study. 15 children had normal hearing (27.27%) and 40 (72.72 %) were found to have sensorineural hearing loss. Amongst 40, 19 (47.5%) children were found in the age group of 1-5years. 14 (35%) were found to have profound hearing loss, 15 (37.5%) had severe, 8(20%) had moderate, 3 (7.5%) had mild hearing loss.</p><p><strong>Conclusions:</strong> Newborn screening is mandatory to identify hearing loss in the prelinguistic period to reduce the burden of handicap in the community. BERA should be carried out as a routine procedure to detect hearing impairment in high risk children and rehabilitative measures should be started as early as possible.</p>
Second branchial cleft anomalies: a review of 12 cases
Authors: Modi Niral R. , Anadani Jamin , Tota Sanjay M. 
Published: June 2019

<p class="abstract"><strong>Background:</strong> It is a combined retrospective and prospective study of 12 cases of branchial cleft anomalies presented to our hospital. We analysed them for their age and sex incidence, side prevalence, according to clinical features and treatment outcomes.</p><p class="abstract"><strong>Methods:</strong> Thorough history was taken and examination was done and these cases are investigated with CT scan, MRI scan and treated with surgical excision. </p><p class="abstract"><strong>Results:</strong> Cyst is seen in 7 (58.33%) patients while one case of sinus and one (8.33%) of fistula,1 case of co-existing sinus and fistula (8.33%), and one Bilateral sinus and 1 bilateral fistula (8.33%) were seen. Overall incidences of branchial anomalies are more (40%) in 11-15 year age group. Overall incidence of branchial anomalies is more in male (66.66%) than female (33.33%). 4 cysts were right sided and 3 were left sided. Sinus and fistula were seen one case having right sided and 1 case having bilateral anomaly. Patients having branchial cysts presents most commonly with neck swelling and pain while patients having fistula and sinus presents commonly with discharging opening over anterior neck. 1 case of recurrence found in cyst on follow up and no recurrences were seen in sinus and fistula.</p><p class="abstract"><strong>Conclusions:</strong> Cyst is the most common anomaly, most commonly affected age group is 11-15 years, male are more commonly affected, these anomalies are more prevalent on right side, and there are very less chances of recurrence after surgical excision.</p>
Migrating fish bone in neck
Authors: Shroff Siddharth A. , Ansari Mohammad Humaam , Agarwal Naman 
Published: June 2019

<p>Foreign body ingestion is very common in Asian population among which most common ingested foreign body is fish bone (FB). It usually presents with foreign body sensation, odynophagia or pricking sensation during deglutition. Usually diagnosis is achieved on basis of lateral radiograph of neck, videolaryngoscopy and oesophagoscopy. Sometimes FB migrates extraluminally and causes deep neck abscess, vascular complications including vascular esophageal fistula, puncture of carotid artery, thromboembolism, thyroid gland retention. Here we report a case where fish bone migrated extraluminally into neck piercing the carotid sheath and jarred between external carotid artery and internal carotid artery. Initial laryngoscopy and oesophagoscopy were both negative. Urgent Surgical exploration was planned due to severe pain and discomfort to patient and 4 cm fish bone was retrieved. Fish bone ingestion is the most common ingested foreign body encountered in otorhinolaryngology practice. Fish bones are most commonly impacted at base of tongue, palatine tonsil or vallecula. Sometimes fish bone extraluminally and causes various complications. Extraluminal migration of fish bone is very rare and very few cases have been reported and the only case reported from our region. </p>
Predicting Co-Changed Files: An External, Conceptual Replication
Authors: TOSUN Ayşe , ROMERO Betül 
Published: June 2019

A software project can
be comprised of several, highly connected files. A software developer may not
know the files that are connected to which are developed or that are changed by
another developer. This may induce faults by missing necessary edits on all
related files. We build a prediction model for identifying files that should be
edited together during a code change, and evaluate the performance of our model
on two Apache projects’ development history over more than 10 years. We conduct
an external, conceptual replication study based on Wiese et al.'s prior work on
predicting co-changed files. Our study shares the same goal but differentiates
the experimental design in terms of data set construction, selection of file
pairs, feature selection and the model output. Our prediction model’s results,
although the same performance measures are used, are much lower than what is
reported in Wiese et al.’s study, mainly due to the differences in calculating
these measures. The models evaluated at commit granularity could achieve 20%
and 45% lower recall and precision rates, respectively, than those aggregated
over all file-pairs. Although it is
practically more useful, predicting all files that will be co-changed together
during a commit is more challenging than predicting whether a particular file
will be changed in that commit. More information about the context of a
co-change, the degree of centrality of a file in the project, or project
characteristics could reveal more insights in building such predictors in the
future.
The Effects of Mg Deficiency on Activities and Isoenzyme Patterns of Antioxidant Enzymes in Cotton Roots
Authors: ÖZGÜR UZİLDAY Rengin 
Published: June 2019

Magnesium (Mg) is an essential nutrient that takes vital roles in biochemical processes related to energy metabolism, regulation of enzyme activity, nucleic acid biosynthesis and carbohydrate metabolism. Mg deficiency in arable lands is an emerging problem. Loss of balance in different metabolic pathways due to Mg deficiency causes increased production of reactive oxygen species (ROS) such as O2.-, H2O2 and HO. in the roots. The aim of this work was to elucidate the antioxidant response of roots of cotton (Gossypium hirsutum) to Mg deficiency. For this aim, antioxidant enzyme activities were measured and changes in their isoenzymes were determined. In addition, NADPH oxidase (NOX) activity was investigated to determine the changes in ROS signaling. Moreover, H2O2 and lipid peroxidation levels were also measured as an indicator of oxidative damage. Findings of this work indicate that Mg deficiency does not cause oxidative load in roots of Gossypium hirsutum plants that overwhelms cellular antioxidant defence system, as evident by H2O2 and TBARS levels. However, to adjust to the new redox status, root cells drastically downregulate NOX dependent ROS production and induced total superoxide dismutase activity. These findings indicate that site of O2.- production is mitochondria in roots. Although, catalase and ascorbate peroxidase activities were decreased with Mg deficiency induced peroxidase activity seems to limit H2O2 accumulation. These adaptive responses and changes in antioxidant defence were sufficient to prevent excess ROS accumulation and occurrence of oxidative damage in roots of Gossypium hirsutum plants under Mg deficiency
Sociodemographic Determinants of Caesarean Delivery in the Largest Public Maternity Hospital in Angola
Authors: Nimi Tazi , Costa Diogo , Campos Paulo , Barros Henrique 
Published: June 2019

Introduction: This study aimed to describe demographic, socioeconomic and pregnancy-related characteristics associated with a caesarean delivery in Luanda.Material and Methods: We conducted a cross-sectional study which included 995 puerperal women and who were assessed between December 2012 and February 2013 at Lucrécia Paím maternity hospital in Luanda, Angola. Data was collected using a structured questionnaire administered by trained interviewers. Logistic regression models were fitted to estimate the magnitude of associations (odds ratios—95% confidence intervals) between the type of delivery and variables showing a significant association in the bivariate analysis.Results: The prevalence of caesarean section was 44%. Women with caesarean delivery were less educated, resided more often in a periurban area and were more likely to disclose lower family income when compared with women who had vaginal delivery. Living in a periurban area was significantly associated with a caesarean delivery regardless of all covariates considered, for primiparous women (adjusted odds ratios, 95% confidence intervals = 2.14, 1.27 – 3.62) and for multiparous women (1.78, 1.26 – 2.51). Among multiparous women, a lower family income was also significantly associated with caesarean delivery. Hypertensive disorders during the current pregnancy were associated with a caesarean delivery in the multivariate models fitted for primiparous (3.96, 1.57 – 9.98) and for multiparous women (1.68, 1.03 – 2.74).Discussion: The associations between low socioeconomic position and high risk of caesarean delivery demonstrated in this study are consistent results in previous researches curried out in African contexts. The poorer and less educated women, who live far from health facilities, have few antenatal care visits and often arrive with complicated conditions, justifying a caesarean delivery. Lack of qualified human and material resources to manage emergencies in peripheral health centers and delaying in the reference system also leads to an increase in the number of caesareans performed in this particular maternity hospital.Conclusion: Sociodemographic differences were observed according to the type of delivery. Cesarean section was more prevalent among women with lower income and residents in periurban areas.
Cutaneous Manifestations of Diabetes Mellitus and Prediabetes
Authors: Sanches Maria Mendonça , Roda Ângela , Pimenta Rita , Filipe Paulo Leal , Freitas João Pedro 
Published: June 2019

Diabetes is a serious, chronic disease with a rising prevalence worldwide. Its complications are a major cause of morbidity and mortality and contribute substantially to health care costs. In this article the authors review the most common and sensitive skin manifestations that can be present on patients with diabetes and prediabetes. The prompt recognition of these frequently underestimated entities is extremely important as it may trigger not only an adequate metabolic evaluation but also a timely referral and appropriate treatment, minimizing the secondary effects of long-term diabetes and improving the prognosis of diabetic patients.
A Transcrição de Exames na Consulta de Medicina Geral e Familiar: Perspetiva Ética Sobre o Caso do Pedido de Tomografia Computorizada Maxilofacial para Realização de Implantes Dentários
Authors: Santos Paulo 
Published: June 2019

A saúde oral tem sido pouco cuidada no contexto do Serviço Nacional de Saúde em Portugal. A quase inexistência de uma rede de medicina dentária levanta problemas de acessibilidade que condicionam a necessidade de complementar os serviços públicos com uma oferta predominantemente privada. Mas esta coexistência não é sempre fácil, sobretudo quando há necessidade dos serviços se cruzarem e colaborarem ativamente na resolução dos problemas do doente. Uma situação comum é a colocação de implantes dentários e a necessidade de realizar uma tomografia computorizada maxilofacial prévia para estudo de leito para colocação de implantes dentários osteointegrados, onde a aplicação de regulação governamental desenquadrada do contexto clínico pode condicionar a acessibilidade aos tratamentos. Com base neste cenário, discutem-se as opções do ponto de vista ético, na perspetiva do doente, do médico e da relação entre ambos. Conclui-se que a decisão médica não pode ser desenquadrada de uma avaliação clínica que apenas o ambiente de intimidade da consulta médica pode proporcionar. É um imperativo ético que se sobrepõe aos constrangimentos administrativos e burocráticos e que se bem gerido é potenciador de uma melhor saúde e de maior capacitação da pessoa.