bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A survey of the functional, gut digestive, and serum antioxidant factors in Salmo trutta caspius (Kessler) fingerlings with the application of a dietary synbiotic
Authors: Aftabgard Maryam , Salarzadeh Alireza , Mohseni Mahmoud , Shabanipour Amir Houshang Bahri , Zorriehzahra Mohammad Ebrahim Jalil 
Published: June 2018

Abstract
This study evaluated the effectiveness of BetaPlus® combined with isomalto-oligosaccharide (IMO) in Caspian brown trout, Salmo trutta caspius (Kessler), fingerlings. A total of 120 Caspian brown trout (8.75 ± 0.03 g) were fed in two treatments, including the control diet and the synbiotic diet (0.1% BetaPlus® + 0.2% IMO) in three replicates per treatment for seven weeks. The growth indices (final weight, weight gain, average daily growth, specific growth rate, feed efficiency, and protein efficiency ratio) exhibited significant improvement in the fish fed the synbiotic diet (P < 0.05). The highest ash crude protein, and crude fiber, as well as the lowest crude lipid, dry matter, and carbohydrate detected in the carcass of fish treated with the synbiotic were significant (P < 0.05). In addition, the fish fed the synbiotic diet showed significantly higher gut trypsin activity and trypsin:chymotrypsin ratio, as well as serum superoxide dismutase activity (P < 0.05). Thus, BetaPlus® in combination with IMO can effectively lead to a considerable increase in functional factors, as well as gut proteases and serum antioxidant indicators in S. trutta caspius fingerlings.
Reintroduction of sturgeon, Acipenser oxyrinchus, in the Gulf of Riga, East-Central Baltic Sea
Authors: Purvina Santa , Medne Ruta 
Published: June 2018

Abstract
Atlantic sturgeon, Acipenser oxyrinchus Mitchill, inhabited and spawned in the territorial waters of Latvia from the early Neolithic. The A. oxyrinchus population in this area started to decline from the end of seventeenth century. By the twentieth century, just several sturgeon catches were documented. In 2012, Latvia joined the initiative to reintroduce native A. oxyrinchus. From 2013 to 2015, the Institute of Food Safety, Animal Health, and Environment (BIOR) released 4,500 A. oxyrinchus juveniles aged 1+ and 2+. The majority of sturgeon juveniles released inhabit the Gulf of Riga and Pärnu Bay and marine areas among the Estonian islands. Nearly all of the sturgeon released exhibit remarkable growth. The absence of visible pathologies suggests that the A. oxyrinchus individuals are in excellent condition. Increases in size and the absence of visible pathologies also suggest that A. oxyrinchus has a sufficient food base. Additionally, results indicate that there is free space in the food web for native Atlantic sturgeon. Sturgeon is caught primarily in salmon traps and other commercial fishing nets deployed at depths of 4-10mor by anglers. While we do not have complete information about the fates (dead or alive) of all sturgeons caught, approximately half of them that were reported by fishers were released back into the sea alive and healthy.
Case study of the diet and parasite fauna of and extremely rare fish species Lumpenus lampraeteformis (Perciformes, Stichaeidae) from the Gulf of Gdañsk (south Baltic Proper)
Authors: Więcaszek Beata , Sobecka Ewa , Szulc Marek , Górecka Klaudia 
Published: June 2018

Abstract
The snakeblenny, Lumpenus lampretaeformis, is a post glacial relict from the last ice age in the Baltic Sea. Reliable data on its diet, parasite fauna, distribution, population size, and population trends in the Baltic Sea are lacking. In the Polish zone it has been observed only in ICES subdivisions 25 (Slupsk Furrow) and 26 (Puck Bay, Krynica Morska, Władysławowo and Vistula mouth fishing grounds) at depths of 30-70 m; however, in recent decades only one finding of snakeblenny in Polish waters has been reported. This paper reports the record of one female specimen from the Gulf of Gdañsk. The individual’s morphological characters, stomach contents, parasitic fauna, age and gonadosomatic index were examined. The parasitological examination, which was undertaken for the first time on a specimen from the Baltic Sea since the 1930s, revealed that L. lampretaeformis was the host of one parasite species, namely a juvenile acanthocephalan Echinorhynchus gadi. Additionally, Pontoporeia fermorata and Halicryptus spinulosus were recorded in the stomach of snakeblenny for the first time in the Baltic Sea.
The concept of modification and analysis of the strength of steel roadway supports for coal mines in the Soma Basin in Turkey
Authors: Grodzicki Marek , Rotkegel Marek 
Published: June 2018

Abstract
The article presents a comparison of the roadway supports currently used in mines in the Soma basin in Turkey with new one proposed by Huta Łabędy and Central Mining Institute (GIG) in terms of resistance parameters and work in conditions of specific loads. The strength analysis of the frame was carried out using the finite element method, using the COSMOS/M program, based on the methodology developed and applied in GIG.
The frame models were built corresponding to their geometry and cross-sectional parameters of the sections used. Beam elements (BEAM3D) were used for building models, which were given cross-sectional parameters of the V36 section. This resulted in three frame models that were loaded in three ways (three load variants). The first option included roof load, acting on the roof bar in a uniform manner, at a length of about 3.0 m. In the second variant, the same load was adopted but the resistance of the side wall was omitted. However, in the third variant, the same roof load was assumed in addition to a side load, acting on the sliding arch, at a length of about 3.0 m, a value corresponding to half the load of the roof. As a result of the calculations carried out, the distribution of reduced stresses in the analysed frames and the maximum load values were obtained.
The proposed roadway supports retain the functionality of the previously used frames in terms of width, height, cross-sectional area of the support and the number of elements. They are characterised by the same weight and at the same time, they have up to 24% more load capacity because of the replacement of straight sections of curved side sections. This treatment was possible by forming individual elements of the arch with two bending radii. The additional load increase was obtained by using S550W steel.
María Concepción Gavira Márquez, coord. Instituciones y actores sociales en América. Morelia: Cuerpo Académico Historia de América, Facultad de Historia, Universidad Michoacana de San Nicolás de Hidalgo, 2009, 266 p. ISBN 978-607-424-069-6
Authors: Nava Hernandez Eduardo 
Published: June 2018

Reseña del libro coordinado por María Concepción Gavira Márquez y el Cuerpo Académico Historia de América de la Facultad de Historia de la UMSNH en 2009.
Bui Thi Xuan1*, Vu Duc Loi1, Một số hợp chất phân lập từ lá cây Khôi đốm (Sanchezia nobilis Hook.f.)
Authors: Vu Duc Loi 
Published: June 2018

Từ phân đoạn dịch chiết ethylacetat của lá cây Khôi đốm (Sanchezia nobilis Hook.f.) thu hái ở tỉnh Nam Định và bằng phương pháp sắc ký cột đã phân lập được 3 hợp chất. Cấu trúc hóa học của các hợp chất này được xác định bằng phương pháp phổ như: phổ khối, phổ cộng hưởng từ hạt nhân. Các chất được xác định là: 9-methoxycanthin-6-on (1), 9-hydroxyheterogorgiolid (2), O-methyl furodysinin lacton (3). Các hợp chất này lần đầu tiên được phân lập từ cây Khôi đốm.
Pelayanan Etika Klinis
Authors: Henky Henky 
Published: June 2018

Bioetika telah berkembang di Indonesia sejak tahun 2000, namun sampai saat ini belum banyak rumah sakit di Indonesia yang menyediakan pelayanan etika klinis. Sebagai konsekuensinya, belum ada publikasi tentang etika klinis sampai saat ini di Indonesia. Sementara itu, kemajuan teknologi medis telah memicu timbulnya berbagai dilema etis yang harus diputuskan oleh para klinisi yang berpraktik di sarana pelayanan kesehatan. Idealnya, keputusan tersebut seharusnya didukung pendapat ahli etika. Oleh karena itu, makalah ini akan menelaah pentingnya pelayanan etika klinis di Indonesia dengan meninjau pengalaman pelayanan etika klinis yang terdapat di Inggris, Amerika Serikat, dan Australia. Meskipun terdapat beberapa kritik terhadap pelayanan etika klinis, temuan empiris telah menunjukkan manfaat dari pelayanan etika klinis. Tulisan ini mendukung pendapat bahwa pelayanan etika klinis harus dibentuk di seluruh sarana pelayanan kesehatan yang berada di Indonesia karena meningkatkan kualitas pelayanan kesehatan, mengurangi risiko tuntutan hukum, dan memenuhi kehendak masyarakat.
Banco de dados de DNA: uma ferramenta a serviço da justiça
Authors: Godinho Neide Maria de Oliveira 
Published: June 2018

O avanço da criminalidade e a sofisticação com que os crimes são cometidos têm exigido cada vez mais dos agentes de segurança pública. Os métodos de investigação utilizados tiveram que avançar, visando resolver as situações mais complexas. A tipagem do DNA de amostras coletadas em cenas de crime e em corpos de víti­mas é uma das ferramentas que possibilitou a resolução de casos criminais complexos, especialmente casos de homicídios e de violência sexual. Diante desse fato, as instituições policiais têm feito uso da informática, com objetivo de obter mais rapidamente informações para ligar crimes, resolver casos antigos e identificar vítimas desaparecidas e restos mortais não identificados. Sistemas informatizados, como o CODIS, têm mudado as técnicas e os métodos de investigar dos laboratórios forenses e da polícia judiciária, sendo cada vez mais crescente no mundo a utilização de bancos de dados de DNA para realizar investigações criminais. Esse artigo tem por ob­jetivo explanar sobre esse método eficiente de análise de amostras forenses, que é o exame de DNA. Mostrar a necessidade cada vez mais crescente que as instituições têm de compartilhar informações e a criação do Banco de Dados de DNA no Brasil e da Rede Integrada de Bancos de Perfis Genéticos (RIBPG). Será discutido de forma mais abrangente a sanção da Lei Federal nº 12.654/12 e suas implicações, a criação do Comitê Gestor e os pro­cedimentos operacionais mínimos e critérios exigidos para que um laboratório forense faça parte da RIBPG.
Visual Storytelling: Unlearning Gender Stereotyping Inside Classroom
Authors: Dhungel Anita 
Published: June 2018

This paper introduces ‘stereotype’, ‘prejudice’, and ‘discrimination’, and points out that the three revolve around and remain in a vicious association. Many stereotypical presentations found in educational materials have been explored in the article. the author has stressed the need for developing the qualities of compassion, tolerance, respect for individuals, and preserving their identity through education—so that stereotyping or discriminatory acts can be avoided altogether. Journal of NELTA, Vol. 21, No. 1-2, 2016, Page: 11-22
Role of (Local) Culture in English Language Teaching
Authors: Shrestha Kumar Narayan 
Published: June 2018

Since language and culture have muscle and bone relationship, the existence of one in the absence of another in unthinkable. But in practice, English language teaching has paid less attention to the local culture. It is commonly believed that the insertion of foreign cultural values is not in line with local cultural values. The insertion of local culture plays vital role in promotion of nationalism, different local cultures and local cultural wisdom. Similarly, it provides cultural identity and meaningful context for learning. Therefore, the main purpose of this article is to shed light on the importance of local culture in the English language classroom. In doing so, it aims at defining culture, language, shows relationship between them and puts forth some pedagogical guidelines. Journal of NELTA, Vol. 21, No. 1-2, 2016, Page:54-60
Do Learners Know ‘What they Know’ in EFL Reading?
Authors: Neupane  Bastola Madhu 
Published: June 2018

This research examines how realistic EFL learners are in making judgement of their EFL reading comprehension performance. Appraisal confidence and appraisal calibration have been used as frameworks in this study. Appraisal confidence refers to the degree to which learners believe that their answer to a test item is correct or appropriate. It is expressed in percentage terms (e.g., 0%, 25%, 50%, 75%, or 100%). Appraisal calibration examines the accuracy of learners’ appraisal confidence. Being realistic about accuracy in performance (i.e. appraisal calibration) is considered to be an indicator of effective learning. However, despite its importance, appraisal confidence and appraisal calibration has gained little attention especially in EFL reading. In order to minimize this knowledge gap, this study examined the appraisal confidence and appraisal calibration of eighty-five EFL students studying Master of Education (M. Ed) with specialization in English in Tribhuvan University. An EFL reading comprehension test specifically designed for the study and appraisal confidence rating scales incorporated in the same EFL reading comprehension test were used as the tools for data collection. The findings of the study show that the students in general were not well calibrated. However, high performers were better calibrated than the low performers. The implications of the study for teaching and suggestions for further research are discussed. Journal of NELTA, Vol. 21, No. 1-2, 2016, Page:61-73
Effects of Written Corrective Feedback on Explicit and Implicit Knowledge
Authors: Samiei Mitra , Sim Tam Shu 
Published: June 2018

This study is an examination of the effect of the different degrees of explicitness of written corrective feedback (WCF) on implicit and explicit knowledge of the target structure (past simple tense) in the short term and long term. There were four experimental groups including a control group, in this quasi-experimental study which received different degrees of explicit WCF. This study sought to investigate whether or not written corrective feedback could also be effective in targeting the problematic error category in the texts of FL writers. Past simple test was known as the problematic structure based on the result of the pre-test, though their level of proficiency was intermediate. It was found that both metalinguistic and direct WCF could affect the participants’ explicit knowledge of the past simple tense in the short term and long term; the indirect WCF on the other hand, could only affect the explicit knowledge in the short term and the reformulation was the only kind of WCF that did not have any effect on the explicit knowledge of the past simple tense. Moreover, all the experimental groups’ implicit knowledge improved in the short term; however, this improvement was sustained in the long term for the metalinguistic and indirect groups only. Journal of NELTA, Vol. 21, No. 1-2, 2016, Page:74-85
L2 Vocabulary Learning and Testing: Student Proficiency and the Use of L1 Translations versus L2 Definitions
Authors: Joyce Paul 
Published: June 2018

This study examines the relationship between student proficiency and the use of first language (L1) translations versus second language (L2) definitions in the learning and testing of L2 vocabulary. For this study, 48 Japanese L2 learners of English studied 200 lexical items from the Academic Word List over a ten-week period. The language in which the meaning of the target vocabulary was presented and tested was manipulated such that the learners were given half in their L1 and half in their L2. The results showed that the low proficiency group learnt significantly more vocabulary than the high group. However, while student proficiency did not interact with study language, it was significantly related to testing language. That is, both overall and over time, the higher ability learners did relatively significantly better on the L2 definition tests and worse on the L1 translation tests, and vice-versa. Journal of NELTA, Vol. 21, No. 1-2, 2016, Page: 93-104
Role and Status of English and Other Languages in Nepal
Authors: Shrestha Sagun 
Published: June 2018

This paper analyses the role and status of English and other languages in Nepal as well as talks about the attitude of several agents towards English and other languages when used in the domains such as education, media and business. Nepal is a culturally and linguistically diversified country and has undergone various socio-political changes in a very short span of time primarily beginning from 1950 as of now. These changes include abolition of Panchayat, a system in which the king ruled directly led to a democratic country and end of a decade long civil war as well as abolition of monarchy which led to a country as the federal republic. These socio-political changes have made a direct significant impact on language planning and policy. The official language, Nepali and the international language, English are the dominant languages in Nepal which in many cases overshadow the promotion of other vernacular languages. As a result, a majority of people opt for these dominant languages overlooking their own indigenous linguistic affluence. In this paper, as a conclusive remark, I also argue that some plans followed by pragmatic measures are needed to uplift the status of majority of other languages in Nepal. Journal of NELTA, Vol. 21, No. 1-2, 2016, Page:105-112
Appositeness of Teacher Training for In-Service EFL Teachers in Real Teaching Context
Authors: Dhakal Shankar 
Published: June 2018

There are various ways for EFL teachers to grow professionally. Attending workshops and training programs are believed to foster their upward mobility. At the same time, different teachers come up with numerous challenges in their classroom with the change of time. So, the learning they had in their college and university level may not always help them to dissolve all the problems in their diverse classroom settings. In this context, this small-scale study is explores whether the insights teachers get from the workshops and the trainings conducted by Nepal English Language Teachers’ Association (NELTA) are applicable and they contribute to liquefy the challenges EFL teachers face in their classroom. Drawing on the findings of this study and the support from the literature, it has been justified that training programs help teachers to grow professionally, but they can hardly apply the knowledge and skills they learn in their real classroom situations. With the help of data collected through the interview, it is crystallized that trainings have been almost unsuccessful to help the teachers cope with ever changing professional world. Journal of NELTA, Vol. 21, No. 1-2, 2016, Page:121-127
Generic Strategies and sustainability of Financial Performance of Nepalese Enterprises
Authors: Bhattarai Dhundi 
Published: June 2018

The purpose of this paper is to examine the relationship between firm strategy and sustainability of financial performance of Nepalese Enterprises. The research design adopted in this study consists of descriptive and causal-comparative research designs to deal with the various issues raised in this study. Secondary data has been used for this study which was collected from annual audit report of concerned organization of manufacturing and hotel industrities from fiscal year 2000/01 to 2014/15. Factor analysis, descriptive statistics, correlation analysis, and regression analysis are different statistical tool that has been used for this study. Cost leadership and differentiation strategies has been constructed from selling, general, and administrative expenses divided by sales; sales divided by cost of goods sold; capital expenditure on property, plant, and equipment divided by sales, and net book value of plant and equipment; divided by sales variables through factor analysis. By regressing return on assets of future period against on return on assets, interaction of cost leadership strategy with return on assets, interaction of differentiation strategy with return on assets variables. The analysis shows that the enterprises adopting higher selling, general and administrative expenses in association with higher gross profit margin are pursuing differentiation strategy whereas, higher investment on property, plant and equipment along with their existing higher book value of plant and equipment indicates that they are following cost leadership strategy. When organization is following cost leadership and differentiation strategy both positive effect on sustainability of financial performance of Nepalese enterprises. Out of cost leadership and differentiation strategy, cost leadership is better than differentiation strategy to increase financial performance of Nepalese enterprises. Pravaha Vol. 24, No. 1, 2018, page: 39-49
An Analysis of the Impact of Real Effective Exchange Rate on Economic Growth of Nepal
Authors: Koirala Sujan 
Published: June 2018

This article is designed to assess the impact of real effective exchange rate (REER) on economic growth of Nepal. The study uses annual time series data for the period of 1975 to 2015. Engle- Granger residual based test and error correction model have been used to detect the impact of REER on real GDP of Nepal. The explanatory variables used in the study are real effective exchange rate, broad money supply, trade openness and gross fixed capital formation. The results of the study reveal that real effective exchange rate has positive impact on the real GDP of Nepal. Based on the findings, the study concludes that the transmission mechanism of REER through aggregate demand hold in case of Nepal and this result is compatible with the traditional approach to exchange rate. Finally, it is recommended that broad money supply continues to be relevant monetary policy for Nepal. Moreover, Nepal must use the real exchange rate as one of the macroeconomic policies. Pravaha Vol. 24, No. 1, 2018, page: 206-216