bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Studies on High-Temperature Corrosion resistance of low carbon Steel in Actual boiler environment
Authors: Singh Navneetinder , Singh Supreet , Kumar Manoj , Kaur Manpreet , Singh Harprabhjot , Sarkar Sukanta 
Published: September 2019

Abstract
In coal based power generated plants, hot corrosion and erosion are identified as serious problems, resulting in deterioration of boiler tube. In this present study, the High-Temperature Corrosion behavior of bare SA 210 Gr. A1 steel and Friction stir processed Cr3C2-25(NiCr) inserted Gr. A1 steel samples were compared under cyclic condition of 1500 hours in actual both environments. The kinetics of hot corrosion was measured on the base of weight-change after each cycle. The tool rotation speed for three processed samples were recorded as 1600rpm, 2000rpm, 2400 rpm respectively with transverse speed of 30 mm/min processed by three number of passes. Microstructure evolution of base and FSPed was done by electron back scatter diffraction (EBSD). X-ray diffraction (XRD)and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) along with energy dispersive spectroscopy (EDS) were performed on the exposed sample to analyze the corrosion products. The base steel sample suffered extreme erosion-corrosion in actual boiler environment, where as processed samples exhibits better hot corrosion resistance (64%, 66%, 73%) respectively. The processed samples also showed 4 fold refined grains, as confirmed by (EBSD).
Reduction of NOx and HC emissions in Waste Cooking oil Biodiesel using Nanoparticles of CsTPA
Authors: Basheer Sahabdheen Abdul , Anitha Arivarasu 
Published: September 2019

Abstract
Recyclable Nanoparticles of Cesium Tungstophosphoric acid (CsTPA) for reduced NOx emission in biodiesel using waste cooking oil of high acid value was investigated. The synthesized nano catalysts were characterized using FTIR, XRD, DLS, BET and SEM. The maximum yield of biodiesel reached 91% under optimized reaction conditions of 4% catalyst (w/w of oil), molar ratio of alcohol to oil of 10:1 for 4 hours at 65 °C. Engine performance and emission characteristics of fame acid methyl esters investigated in a four stroke diesel engine showed a decrease in the Brake Thermal efficiency and Mechanical efficiency with respect to diesel. The heteropolyacid successfully decreased the HC and NOx emissions in the biodiesel with an average reduction of 28 % and 10.3 % respectively. The nano catalyst also had excellent catalytic stability and reusability making it a promising catalyst for FAME production.
Evaluation of Mechanical Characterization of CFRP Reinforced Stainless Steel (SS304) Wire Mesh Polymer Composite
Authors: Naga Kiran S.D. , Jayakumar V. , Madhu S. 
Published: September 2019

Abstract
In recent days, fibre metal hybrid composites have been utilized for improve the stiffness, excellent corrosion resistance, low density and less weight. CFRP reinforced stainless steel (SS) wire mesh hybrid fibre metal laminate has been fabricated using hand layup process. Viscoelastic properties of fabricated composite samples have been studied by using Dynamic Mechanical Analysis (DMA) test. Mechanical characterization such as Dynamic Mechanical Analysis (DMA), Flexural test and tensile properties of the newly fabricated fibre metal laminated also investigated. The DMA parameters such as storage modulus (E’), loss modulus (E”) and damping factor (tan δ) has been investigated. Flexural test has been performed for evaluating the bending stress. DMA results revealed that storage modulus of E’ was maximum at 5 Hz. In this work tensile strength observed was 533.05 MPa at 16.19 KN. For Flexural strength obtained in the fabricated composite material was 1.03 KN.
Hypertension and Brachydactyly Syndrome Associated With Vertebral Artery Malformation Caused by a PDE3A Missense Mutation
Authors: Fan Peng , Zhang Di , Yang Kun-Qi , Zhang Qiong-Yu , Luo Fang , Lou Ying , Liu Ya-Xin , Zhang Hui-Min , Song Lei , Cai Jun , Wu Hai-Ying , Zhou Xian-Liang 
Published: September 2019

Abstract

BACKGROUND
Hypertension and brachydactyly syndrome (HTNB), also called Bilginturan syndrome, is a rare autosomal dominant disorder characterized by severe salt-independent hypertension, a short stature, brachydactyly, and death from stroke before the age of 50 years when untreated. The purpose of the present study was to identify a PDE3A mutation leading to HTNB associated with vertebral artery malformation in a Chinese family.

METHODS
Peripheral blood samples were collected from all subjects for DNA extraction. Next-generation sequencing and Sanger sequencing were performed to identify the PDE3A mutation. A comparative overview was performed in the probands with HTNB caused by PDE3A mutations.

RESULTS
Genetic analysis identified a missense mutation in PDE3A, c.1346G&gt;A, in the proband with HTNB. This mutation, resulting in p.Gly449Asp, was located in a highly conserved domain and predicted to be damaging by different bioinformatics tools. Cosegregation analyses showed that the proband inherited the identified mutation from her father. Antihypertensive therapy was effective for the proband. Comparative overview of HTNB probands with 9 different PDE3A mutations revealed phenotypic heterogeneity.

CONCLUSIONS
Genetic screening can significantly improve the diagnosis of HTNB patients at an early age. Our study not only adds to the spectrum of PDE3A mutations in the Chinese population and extends the phenotype of HTNB patients to include vertebral malformation but also improves the awareness of pathogenesis in HTNB patients. We emphasize the importance of antihypertensive treatment and long-term follow-up to prevent stroke and adverse cardiovascular events.
Subtype-specific transcriptional regulators in breast tumors subjected to genetic and epigenetic alterations
Authors: Zhu Qian , Tekpli Xavier , Troyanskaya Olga G , Kristensen Vessela N 
Published: September 2019

Abstract

Motivation
Breast cancer consists of multiple distinct tumor subtypes, and results from epigenetic and genetic aberrations that give rise to distinct transcriptional profiles. Despite previous efforts to understand transcriptional deregulation through transcription factor networks, the transcriptional mechanisms leading to subtypes of the disease remain poorly understood.

Results
We used a sophisticated computational search of thousands of expression datasets to define extended signatures of distinct breast cancer subtypes. Using ENCODE ChIP-seq data of surrogate cell lines and motif analysis we observed that these subtypes are determined by a distinct repertoire of lineage-specific transcription factors. Furthermore, specific pattern and abundance of copy number and DNA methylation changes at these TFs and targets, compared to other genes and to normal cells were observed. Overall, distinct transcriptional profiles are linked to genetic and epigenetic alterations at lineage-specific transcriptional regulators in breast cancer subtypes.

Availability and implementation
The analysis code and data are deposited at https://bitbucket.org/qzhu/breast.cancer.tf/.

Supplementary information
Supplementary data are available at Bioinformatics online.
Impact of ferumoxytol magnetic resonance imaging on the rhesus macaque maternal–fetal interface†
Authors: Nguyen Sydney M , Wiepz Gregory J , Schotzko Michele , Simmons Heather A , Mejia Andres , Ludwig Kai D , Zhu Ante , Brunner Kevin , Hernando Diego , Reeder Scott B , Wieben Oliver , Johnson Kevin , Shah Dinesh , Golos Thaddeus G 
Published: September 2019

Abstract
Ferumoxytol is a superparamagnetic iron oxide nanoparticle used off-label as an intravascular magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) contrast agent. Additionally, ferumoxytol-uptake by macrophages facilitates detection of inflammatory sites by MRI through ferumoxytol-induced image contrast changes. Therefore, ferumoxytol-enhanced MRI holds great potential for assessing vascular function and inflammatory response, critical to determine placental health in pregnancy. This study sought to assess the fetoplacental unit and selected maternal tissues, pregnancy outcomes, and fetal well-being after ferumoxytol administration. In initial developmental studies, seven pregnant rhesus macaques were imaged with or without ferumoxytol administration. Pregnancies went to term with vaginal delivery and infants showed normal growth rates compared to control animals born the same year that did not undergo MRI. To determine the impact of ferumoxytol on the maternal–fetal interface (MFI), fetal well-being, and pregnancy outcome, four pregnant rhesus macaques at ~100 gestational day underwent MRI before and after ferumoxytol administration. Collection of the fetoplacental unit and selected maternal tissues was performed 2–3 days following ferumoxytol administration. A control group that did not receive ferumoxytol or MRI was used for comparison. Iron levels in fetal and MFI tissues did not differ between groups, and there was no significant difference in tissue histopathology with or without exposure to ferumoxytol, and no effect on placental hormone secretion. Together, these results suggest that the use of ferumoxytol and MRI in pregnant rhesus macaques does not negatively impact the MFI and can be a valuable experimental tool in research with this important animal model.
Unilateral pulmonary oedema after minimally invasive and robotically assisted mitral valve surgery
Authors: Kesävuori Risto I , Vento Antti E , Lundbom Nina M I , Iivonen Mikko R M , Huuskonen Antti S , Raivio Peter M 
Published: September 2019

Abstract

OBJECTIVES
Unilateral pulmonary oedema (UPO) is a severe complication of minimally invasive cardiac surgery. UPO rates and UPO-related mortality vary considerably between different studies. Due to lack of consistent diagnostic criteria for UPO, the aim of this study was to create a reproducible radiological classification for UPO. Also, risk factors for UPO after robotic and minimally invasive mitral valve operations were evaluated.

METHODS
Two hundred and thirty-one patients who underwent elective minimally invasive mitral valve surgery between January 2009 and March 2017 were evaluated. Chest radiographs of the first postoperative morning were categorized into 3 UPO grades based on the severity of radiological signs of pulmonary oedema described in this study. The radiographs were analysed by 2 independent radiologists and interobserver agreement was evaluated. The clinical significance of the classification was evaluated by comparing postoperative PaO2/FiO2 values and total ventilation times between the different UPO grades. Also, multivariable logistic regression analysis was employed to identify risk factors for UPO.

RESULTS
Interobserver agreement was substantial (Kappa = 0.780). Median total ventilation times were significantly longer with increasing severity of UPO, 15 (interquartile range 12–18) h for no UPO, 18 (interquartile range 15–24) h for grade I UPO and 25 (interquartile range 21–31) h for grade II UPO. Pulmonary hypertension [adjusted odds ratios (AOR) 2.51, 95% confidence intervals (CI) 1.43–4.40; P = 0.001], moderate or severe heart failure (AOR 2.88, 95% CI 1.27–6.53; P = 0.011), body mass index (AOR 1.14, 95% CI 1.02–1.28; P = 0.017) and cardiopulmonary bypass time (AOR 1.02, 95% CI 1.01–1.03; P < 0.001) were identified as independent risk factors for UPO and robotic approach (AOR 0.27, 95% CI 0.12–0.62; P = 0.002) as protective against UPO.

CONCLUSIONS
Due to the variability of the diagnostic criteria for UPO in previous studies, a radiological classification for UPO is required to reliably assess the rates and risk factors for UPO. The radiological classification described in this study demonstrated high interobserver agreement and correlated with total ventilation times and postoperative PaO2/FiO2 values.
‘Scattred All to Nought’: Feminine Waters, Irish Sources, and Colonialism in Edmund Spenser’s River Mulla
Authors: Druzak Courtney 
Published: September 2019

Abstract
This article examines Edmund Spenser’s use of Irish mythology, particularly in relation to feminized rivers, in order to conceptualize how he constructs English colonialism as necessary for Ireland via the poetically constructed river Mulla. More specifically, it examines ‘Colin Clouts Come Home Again’ and The Faerie Queen, Book IV, Canto xi through the lenses of ecofeminism and a reading of the medieval Irish text Acallam na Senórach. This article argues for understanding the reappearance of the river Mulla from ‘Colin Clouts’ to FQ IV.xi as a materialist effort to dominate the place and space of Ireland through writing. It further argues that the Acallam is a potential source text for Spenser’s own endeavours with his river Mulla. Specifically, Spenser repurposes place-names and Fenian myths from medieval Ireland in his literature, which acts as another form of colonial domination to subsume Irish identification. It is particularly important that this lens is applied to Irish waterscapes, as the ability to reconstruct Ireland rhetorically and poetically in English literature allowed Spenser to ‘map’ Ireland and bring even the finicky Irish land- and waterscapes firmly under English control in violently masculine manners, which are enacted via enforced marriages.
Tentative epidemiologic cut-off value and resistant characteristic detection of apramycin against Escherichia coli from chickens
Authors: Tian Erjie , Muhammad Ishfaq , Hu Wanjun , Wu Zhiyong , Li Rui , Lu Xiaoxiao , Chen Chunli , Li Jichang 
Published: September 2019

ABSTRACT
Escherichia coli are important foodborne zoonotic pathogens. Apramycin is a key aminoglycoside antibiotic used by veterinarians against E. coli. This study was conducted to establish the epidemiological cut-off value (ECV) and resistant characteristics of apramycin against E. coli. In this study, 1412 clinical isolates of E. coli from chickens in China were characterized. Minimum inhibitory concentrations (MICs) of apramycin were assessed by broth microdilution method. MIC50 and MIC90 for apramycin against E. coli (0.5–256 µg/mL) were 8 and 16 µg/mL, respectively. In this study, the tentative ECV was determined to be 16 µg/mL by the statistical method and 32 µg/mL by ECOFFinder software. Besides, the percentages of aac(3)-IV positive strains ascended with the increase of MIC values of apramycin, and the gene npmA was detected in strains with higher MICs. Sixteen apramycin highly resistant strains displayed multiple drug resistance (100%) to amoxicillin, ampicillin, gentamicin, doxycycline, tetracycline, trimethoprim and florfenicol, while most of them were susceptible to amikacin and spectinomycin. In summary, the tentative ECV of apramycin against E. coli was recommended to be 16 µg/mL.
A draft genome assembly of halophyte Suaeda aralocaspica, a plant that performs C4 photosynthesis within individual cells
Authors: Wang Lei , Ma Ganglong , Wang Hongling , Cheng Chao , Mu Shuyong , Quan Weili , Jiang Li , Zhao Zhenyong , Zhang Yu , Zhang Ke , Wang Xuelian , Tian Changyan , Zhang Yi 
Published: September 2019

Abstract

Background
The halophyte Suaeda aralocaspica performs complete C4 photosynthesis within individual cells (SCC4), which is distinct from typical C4 plants, which require the collaboration of 2 types of photosynthetic cells. However, despite SCC4 plants having features that are valuable in engineering higher photosynthetic efficiencies in agriculturally important C3 species such as rice, there are no reported sequenced SCC4 plant genomes, limiting our understanding of the mechanisms involved in, and evolution of, SCC4 photosynthesis.

Findings
Using Illumina and Pacific Biosciences sequencing platforms, we generated ~202 Gb of clean genomic DNA sequences having a 433-fold coverage based on the 467 Mb estimated genome size of S. aralocaspica. The final genome assembly was 452 Mb, consisting of 4,033 scaffolds, with a scaffold N50 length of 1.83 Mb. We annotated 29,604 protein-coding genes using Evidence Modeler based on the gene information from ab initio predictions, homology levels with known genes, and RNA sequencing–based transcriptome evidence. We also annotated noncoding genes, including 1,651 long noncoding RNAs, 21 microRNAs, 382 transfer RNAs, 88 small nuclear RNAs, and 325 ribosomal RNAs. A complete (circular with no gaps) chloroplast genome of S. aralocaspica 146,654 bp in length was also assembled.

Conclusions
We have presented the genome sequence of the SCC4 plant S. aralocaspica. Knowledge of the genome of S. aralocaspica should increase our understanding of the evolution of SCC4 photosynthesis and contribute to the engineering of C4 photosynthesis into economically important C3 crops.
Robust regional stabilization for the two-dimensional mixed continuous-discrete-time Roesser models
Authors: Ren Xiang , Hao Fei 
Published: September 2019

Abstract
This paper addressed the problem of asymptotic regional stabilization of a class of two-dimensional mixed Roesser models. Based on the analysis of the polynomial solution of the parameter dependent linear matrix inequality (LMI), the sufficient condition for the existence of the regional stabilization controller is obtained in terms of LMI. Moreover, the robust controller is also given to stabilize the systems with uncertainties in the coefficient matrices of the system. Finally, several numerical simulations are provided to illustrate the efficiency and feasibility of the proposed results in this paper.
Two Moduli Spaces of Calabi–Yau type
Authors: Barros Ignacio , Mullane Scott 
Published: September 2019

AbstractWe show $\overline{\mathcal{M}}_{10, 10}$ and $\overline{\mathcal{F}}_{11,9}$ have Kodaira dimension zero. Our method relies on the construction of a number of curves via nodal Lefschetz pencils on blown-up $K3$ surfaces. The construction further yields that any effective divisor in $\overline{\mathcal{M}}_{g}$ with slope $&lt;6+(12-\delta )/(g+1)$ must contain the locus of curves that are the normalization of a $\delta $-nodal curve lying on a $K3$ surface of genus $g+\delta $.
One Dyadic Peace Leads to Another? Conflict Systems, Terminations, and Net Reduction in Fighting Groups
Authors: Quinn Jason , Joshi Madhav , Melander Erik 
Published: September 2019

AbstractGovernments often fight multiple civil conflicts simultaneously and each conflict can have multiple groups. Prior research on civil war termination and recurrence has been conducted at either the conflict level, once all the groups have been terminated, or the dyadic level, which examines group terminations in a conflict separately as more or less independent processes. Hence, conflict-level studies mostly tell us how to preserve peace once a civil war has already ended, while dyadic studies mostly tell us about the durability of specific group-level terminations within the larger process that led to that ending. As a result, our understanding of how ongoing civil wars are brought to a close is limited, particularly, with respect to multiparty conflicts. In this study, we put forth a systems approach that treats dyadic terminations as connected processes where group terminations influence the future behavior of other groups, incentivizing the system toward greater aggregate peace or conflict. Analyzing 264 dyadic terminations, the findings suggest that the most effective strategy for governments to reduce systemic conflict is to demonstrate to other groups that they have the political will and capacity to implement security, political, and social reforms as part of a larger reform-oriented peace process. Viable implementation can be followed by the concomitant use of military victories against remaining groups with great success. However, military victories achieved in isolation, that is, outside of a reform-process, do not reduce future levels of conflict even if they themselves are durable.
The Chilling Effect of International Investment Disputes: Limited Challenges to State Sovereignty
Authors: Moehlecke Carolina 
Published: September 2019

AbstractDespite suggestions that international investment disputes impose a chilling effect on governments’ autonomy to set regulatory policies, we lack empirical confirmation of the phenomenon and what explains its heterogeneity across countries. Using a novel dataset of nine anti-smoking regulations in ninety-two countries from 1973 to 2016, I confirm the presence of the chilling effect, but also its boundaries. I show that countries have been significantly slower in implementing two anti-smoking policies formally challenged under investment law, while the adoption of seven undisputed regulations in this issue area continued unimpeded. Qualitative evidence from respondent and third-party governments confirm the policy-specificity of the chilling effect and show that both developed and developing countries were affected by the chill, albeit differently. By providing the first empirical confirmation of a regulatory chill and by defining its limited scope in one of the most high-profiled international investment disputes to date, my findings indicate that, even though multinational corporations can constrain state sovereignty, their effects are not necessarily expansive or indefinite.
From farm to fork: identical clones and Tn6674-like elements in linezolid-resistant Enterococcus faecalis from food-producing animals and retail meat
Authors: Elghaieb Houyem , Tedim Ana P , Abbassi Mohamed S , Novais Carla , Duarte Bárbara , Hassen Abdennaceur , Peixe Luísa , Freitas Ana R 
Published: September 2019

AbstractObjectivesIncreasing numbers of linezolid-resistant Enterococcus carrying optrA are being reported across different niches worldwide. We aimed to characterize the first optrA-carrying Enterococcus faecalis obtained from food-producing animals and retail meat samples in Tunisia.MethodsSeven optrA-carrying E. faecalis obtained from chicken faeces (n=3, August 2017) and retail chicken meat (n=4, August 2017) in Tunisia were analysed. Antimicrobial susceptibility was determined by disc diffusion, broth microdilution and Etest against 13 antibiotics, linezolid and tedizolid, respectively (EUCAST/CLSI). optrA stability (∼600 bacterial generations), transfer (filter mating) and location (S1-PFGE/hybridization) were characterized. WGS (Illumina-HiSeq) was done for four representatives that were analysed through in silico and genomic mapping tools.ResultsFour MDR clones carrying different virulence genes were identified in chicken faeces (ST476) and retail meat (the same ST476 clone plus ST21 and ST859) samples. MICs of linezolid and tedizolid were stably maintained at 8 and 1–2 mg/L, respectively. optrA was located in the same transferable chromosomal Tn6674-like element in ST476 and ST21 clones, similar to isolates from pigs in Malaysia and humans in China. ST859 carried a non-conjugative plasmid of ∼40 kb with an impB-fexA-optrA segment, similar to plasmids from pigs and humans in China.ConclusionsThe same chromosomal and transferable Tn6674-like element was identified in different E. faecalis clones from humans and animals. The finding of retail meat contaminated with the same linezolid-resistant E. faecalis strain obtained from a food-producing animal highlights the potential role of the food chain in the worrisome dissemination of optrA that can be stably maintained without selective pressure over generations.