bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Indian Removal
Authors: Calcaterra Angela 
Published: May 2019

“Indian Removal” refers to the forced migration of Indigenous communities from their homelands in what is currently the United States. It is often connected to a particular era (the 1820s and 1830s), federal policy (the Indian Removal Act), or event (the singular Trail of Tears). Yet dispossession from ancestral lands has been persistent and pervasive and is an ongoing, lived reality for many Indigenous people. From the first moments of their arrival in what they would call the Americas, Europeans expelled Native Americans and confiscated their lands for themselves. Natives lost not only land but also familial bonds, historical information, sites of religious significance, and ecological knowledge. Beginning with the Louisiana Purchase of 1803, in which the United States acquired a vast territory west of the Mississippi, federal efforts to compel Indians to exchange land holdings in the east for lands west of the Mississippi intensified. This practice developed into a political program of ethnic cleansing during the 1820s and 1830s, particularly under the presidency of Andrew Jackson. The Indian Removal Act of 1830 targeted the large southeastern nations (Cherokees, Chickasaws, Choctaws, Creeks, and Seminoles), but since those nations were forced into western territories its effects spread immediately across the Mississippi to tribes such as the Osages. Removal of western tribes onto reservations continued into the 20th century. Many lesser-known communities in the north, such as the Delawares, experienced multiple removals over centuries. The Delaware Tribe currently resides within the Cherokee Nation in Oklahoma, a forced positioning that has made it difficult for the Delawares to gain federal recognition. Today, the erasure of Indigenous presences and histories from the United States’ national consciousness contributes to public sentiment supporting ongoing forms of removal. Racist sports mascots, stereotypes in film and television, and societal ignorance of specific Native histories and cultures perpetuate the political and cultural marginalization of Indigenous people. It is thus important to recognize the “removal period” as one of immense suffering for the more well-known tribal nations, while also acknowledging removal’s deeper history and ongoing effects. Equally important, Indigenous communities and individuals have always protested and countered the many forms of removal with their own writings, media, cultural practices, and legal and political actions. As it documents scholarship and creative work on Indian Removal, this bibliography also attends to what Anishinaabe author Gerald Vizenor has termed “Native survivance . . . an active sense of presence over absence, deracination, oblivion.” It highlights the voices and presences of Indigenous authors, scholars, and activists who work to reclaim the past and reimagine the future.
Capital accumulation when consumers are tempted by others’ consumption experience
Authors: Alonso-Carrera Jaime , Bouché Stéphane 
Published: May 2019

Abstract
We analyse how the influence of peer effects on self-control affects capital accumulation. We consider an overlapping generations model where individuals are tempted to take the economy-wide average consumption as an aspiration. Consumers exhibit a preference for self-control. They face a self-control problem, and observing each other’s consumption determines the individual’s capacity to deal with this problem. We show that temptation and self-control may either increase or decrease the accumulation of capital. The crucial point would be whether or not consumers take the consumption of the individuals belonging to the other living generations as a reference in forming their aspirations. This point also crucially determines the stability properties of the equilibrium paths.
Antibiotic Impregnated Catheter Coating Technique for Deep Brain Stimulation Hardware Infection: An Effective Method to Avoid Intracranial Lead Removal
Authors: Levi Vincenzo , Messina Giuseppe , Franzini Andrea , Laurenzio Nicola Ernesto Di , Franzini Angelo , Tringali Giovanni , Rizzi Michele 
Published: May 2019

Abstract

BACKGROUND
Few studies have proposed alternative salvage methods of deep brain stimulation (DBS) intracranial lead once the infection has already occurred.

OBJECTIVE
To assess the effectiveness of antibiotic impregnated catheter coverage of DBS leads in case of hardware infection.

METHODS
Patients with a hardware infection and consequent partial removal of extension and internal pulse generator (IPG) were reviewed. To diagnose an infection, criteria provided by the Guideline for Prevention of Surgical Site Infection were used. We compared the intracranial lead salvage rate between the group that underwent antibiotic catheter lead protection (group A) and the group that did not (group B).

RESULTS
A total of 231 DBS surgeries and 339 IPG replacements were performed from January 2012 to January 2017. Twenty-three hardware-related infections (4%) were identified. Nineteen patients (82.6%) underwent partial hardware removal with an attempt to spare intracranial lead. Of these, 8 patients (42.1%) had antibiotic catheter lead coverage (group A) while 11 patients (57.9%) did not receive any antibiotic protection (group B). At 6-mo follow-up, 6 patients had the extension and IPG successfully re-implanted in group A, whereas only 1 patient was successfully re-implanted in group B (75 vs 9.1%; P < .001)

CONCLUSION
The antibiotic impregnated catheter coating technique seems to be effective in avoiding intracranial lead removal in case of IPG or DBS extension-lead junction infection. This method does not require any surgical learning curve, it is safe and relatively inexpensive. Randomized, prospective, larger studies are needed to validate our results.
EXTERNAL DOSE RATE MONITORING IN FINLAND: HISTORY, EXPERIENCES AND A GLIMPSE AT THE FUTURE
Authors: Lahtinen J , Koivukoski J 
Published: May 2019

AbstractFinland has a long history in monitoring external radiation. Regular monitoring began in the early 1960s when the first networks measuring exposure rates were established. Today the nation-wide network is fully automatic and consists of about 260 stations with Geiger-Műller (GM) tubes. Some 25 stations also have a LaBr3 spectrometer. In this article the authors describe the history, experiences and major development stages of the Finnish dose rate monitoring arrangements and also have a brief look at the possible future.
The Giving Up of Weekly Rest-Days by Migrant Domestic Workers in Singapore: When Submission Is Both Resistance and Victimhood
Authors: Schumann Margaret Fenerty , Paul Anju Mary 
Published: May 2019

AbstractWhy do so few live-in migrant domestic workers (MDWs) in Singapore utilize their weekly rest-day entitlement? Using data drawn from 3,886 online profiles of prospective MDWs and 40 interview sessions with MDWs, employers, and manpower agencies, we demonstrate how the industry encourages a “logic of submission” around rest-days. Through processual analysis, we unearth multiple, repeated moments of capitulation at key moments in a MDW’s work-life: (1) their interactions with a recruitment agency while still in their home country; (2) their matching with an overseas employer; (3) the duration of their two-year contract; and (4) the time of contract renewal. Submission to less frequent rest-days can secure their employability and financial mobility but also further individuates the MDW within the employer’s household and may lead to the engraining of a habitus of submissiveness towards their employers that can open the door to workers’ exploitation. We demonstrate how nationality and work experience further inflect this logic of submission to motivate non-Filipina and inexperienced MDWs to request even fewer rest-days than their counterparts. By combining feminist migration scholarship on Asian MDWs, with a sociology of law analysis, we offer up an example of how the same act of submission can simultaneously embody both resistance and victimhood depending upon the temporal and spatial scale used, and varying interpretations of the rest-day benefit as a much-needed respite, a monetizable benefit, or a signaling mechanism.
The Runaround: Punishment, Welfare, and Poverty Survival after Prison
Authors: Halushka John M 
Published: May 2019

AbstractBased on 17 months of ethnographic fieldwork and 45 in-depth interviews with formerly-incarcerated men, this article explores how former prisoners navigate criminal justice and welfare bureaucracies in their daily lives. Formerly-incarcerated men must repeatedly engage with parole, public assistance agencies, transitional housing facilities, and community-based service providers to maintain freedom and access food, shelter, and rehabilitative services. Accessing resources requires the men simultaneously to manage multiple, overlapping entanglements across a fragmented network of bureaucracies. This runaround exacerbates the stress of poverty, breeds distrust of state authorities, and, in some cases, precipitates recidivism. Former prisoners learned how to cope with the runaround by treating systems navigation as a full-time occupation, but these skills did not translate into long-term economic security. Most study participants recurrently cycled between low-wage jobs, transitional housing facilities, and public assistance programs for years after release. This article illustrates the need to theorize prisoner reentry as a process that unfolds across a network of criminal justice and welfare bureaucracies and demonstrates how formerly-incarcerated men experience citizenship not only through coercive encounters with the criminal justice system but also through their simultaneous entanglements with safety-net bureaucracies.
Monophyly, Taxon Sampling, and the Nature of Ranks in the Classification of Orb-Weaving Spiders (Araneae: Araneoidea)
Authors: Kallal Robert J , Dimitrov Dimitar , Arnedo Miquel A , Giribet Gonzalo , Hormiga Gustavo 
Published: May 2019

AbstractWe address some of the taxonomic and classification changes proposed by Kuntner et al. (2019) in a comparative study on the evolution of sexual size dimorphism in nephiline spiders. Their proposal to recircumscribe araneids and to rank the subfamily Nephilinae as a family is fundamentally flawed as it renders the family Araneidae paraphyletic. We discuss the importance of monophyly, outgroup selection, and taxon sampling, the subjectivity of ranks, and the implications of the age of origin criterion to assign categorical ranks in biological classifications. We explore the outcome of applying the approach of Kuntner et al. (2019) to the classification of spiders with emphasis on the ecribellate orb-weavers (Araneoidea) using a recently published dated phylogeny. We discuss the implications of including the putative sister group of Nephilinae (the sexually dimorphic genus Paraplectanoides) and the putative sister group of Araneidae (the miniature, monomorphic family Theridiosomatidae). We propose continuation of the phylogenetic classification put forth by Dimitrov et al. (2017), and we formally rank Nephilinae and Phonognathinae as subfamilies of Araneidae. Our classification better reflects the understanding of the phylogenetic placement and evolutionary history of nephilines and phonognathines while maintaining the diagnosability of Nephilinae. It also fulfills the fundamental requirement that taxa must be monophyletic, and thus avoids the paraphyly of Araneidae implied by Kuntner et al. (2019).
Drug hypersensitivity in HIV infection
Authors: Peter Jonny , Choshi Phuti , Lehloenya Rannakoe J. 
Published: May 2019

Purpose of reviewImmune-mediated adverse drug reactions (IM-ADRs) are many times more common in HIV-infected patients. Usual offending drugs include antiretroviral and antiinfectives, but the burden of specific drug IM-ADRs is population-specific; changing as new and fixed dose combinations enter the market, and drug-resistance patterns demand. This review considers recent literature on epidemiology, mechanisms, clinical management and prevention of IM-ADRs amongst persons living with HIV/AIDS.Recent findingsEpidemiological studies continue to describe high rates of delayed hypersensitivity to known offenders, as well as similar reactions in preexposure prophylaxis. IM-ADRs to oral and injectable integrase strand transfer inhibitors are reported with expanding use. The clinical spectrum and management of IM-ADRs occurring in HIV-infected populations is similar to uninfected; with exceptions such as a recently described severe delayed efavirenz DILI with high mortality. Furthermore, the context can be unique, such as the lower than expected mortality in a Stevens–Johnson syndrome and toxic epidermal necrolysis (SJS/TEN) cohort from a HIV/TB high burden setting. Programmatic data showing the near complete elimination of Abacavir drug hypersensitivity syndrome following implementation of HLA-B57:01 screening is a stellar example of how prevention is possible with mechanistic insight.SummaryIM-ADRs remain a challenge in persons living with HIV. The complexities posed by polypharmacy, overlapping drug toxicities, drug interactions, overlap of IM-ADRs with other diseases, limited alternative drugs, and vulnerable patients with advanced immunosuppression with high mortality, necessitate increased use of drug provocation testing, treat-through and desensitization strategies. There is an urgent need for improved diagnostics and predictive biomarkers for prevention, or to guide treat-through, rechallenge and desensitization approaches.
Dupilumab after the 2017 approval for the treatment of atopic dermatitis: what's new and what's next?
Authors: van der Schaft Jorien , Thijs Judith L. , de Bruin-Weller Marjolein S. , Balak Deepak M.W. 
Published: May 2019

Purpose of review
The IL-4/13 antagonist dupilumab was approved in 2017 as the first biologic for atopic dermatitis. Here, we comprehensively review compelling new data regarding dupilumab published following the approval.

Recent findings
Daily clinical practice reports of dupilumab in atopic dermatitis are favorable and in line with the registration trials. Dupilumab does not appear to negatively affect pharmacokinetics of CYP450-metabolized drugs nor vaccination responses. Type 2 inflammation biomarkers in skin and serum are reduced following dupilumab treatment. Dupilumab increases the risk for conjunctivitis, especially with higher baseline atopic dermatitis severity and a history of conjunctivitis, but the underlying mechanisms are unknown. Favorable effects of dupilumab have been reported in treatment-recalcitrant hand eczema and prurigo nodularis cases; for allergic contact dermatitis and alopecia areata, there are conflicting responses to dupilumab, possible stemming from pathophysiological heterogeneity.

Summary
Daily practice data support the continued use of dupilumab for atopic dermatitis. The only safety signal is an increased risk for conjunctivitis; mechanistic studies into dupilumab-associated conjunctivitis should lead to risk mitigation strategies. Prospective, controlled evaluations are needed for dupilumab in hand eczema and prurigo nodularis. A precision medicine-driven drug-development approach is essential to assess dupilumab for diseases with heterogeneous pathophysiologies, such as alopecia areata and allergic contact dermatitis.
Trajectories of Pain Intensity Over 1 Year in Adults With Disabling Subacute or Chronic Neck Pain
Authors: Pico-Espinosa Oscar J. , Côté Pierre , Hogg-Johnson Sheilah , Jensen Irene , Axén Iben , Holm Lena W. , Skillgate Eva 
Published: May 2019

Objectives:
The objectives of this study were to describe the 1-year trajectories of disabling subacute or persistent neck pain and to investigate whether baseline age, sex, pain characteristics, and depressive symptoms are associated with such trajectories.

Study Design and Setting:
Participants (n=617) included in a randomized controlled trial provided weekly pain intensity ratings by responding to text messages over 1 year. We used latent class mixed model analyses to identify clusters of individual trajectories. Thereafter, we used logistic regression to determine the association between baseline age, sex, pain characteristics, depressive symptoms and treatment, and trajectories of neck pain.

Results:
Six different clusters of trajectories were identified. Most participants (73%) followed a trajectory of decreasing pain throughout follow-up. The remaining experienced unfavorable trajectories: persistent pain of high intensity (22%) and slightly (3%) or highly (2%) fluctuating levels of pain reaching high levels of pain intensity. Pain intensity at baseline: odds ratio (OR): 3.76 (95% confidence interval [CI]: 2.49-5.68), depressive symptoms: OR: 3.46 (95% CI: 2.01-5.95), younger age: OR: 2.29 (95% CI: 1.48-3.54), female sex: OR: 1.51 (95% CI: 1.01-2.26), and sudden onset of pain: OR: 1.74 (95% CI: 1.13-2.69) were associated with unfavorable trajectories.

Conclusions:
Most individuals with disabling subacute or chronic neck pain show improvement in pain intensity over a year. However, a quarter present unfavorable trajectories. High pain intensity at baseline, depressive symptoms, younger age, female sex, and sudden onset of pain are factors associated with unfavorable trajectories.
Third Place Award: Characterization and incidence of occult posterior malleolar fractures
Authors: Gee Shawn , Harris Mitchell C. , Anderson Claude , Ryan Paul 
Published: May 2019

Background:
Occult fractures of the posterior malleolus are often missed by primary care providers and radiologists. Delayed treatment of posterior malleolar fractures can be problematic because of the potential for malunion, arthritis, or instability. The incidence and characterization of missed posterior malleolar fractures has not been reported in the literature.

Methods:
A retrospective review was performed of all ankle fractures with CT scans from 2005 to 2015 at a single institution. Inclusion criteria included age older than 18 yr and posterior malleolar fracture as seen on CT scan. Exclusion criteria included distal tibial shaft fractures and pilon fractures. Forty-six patients were identified with the above criteria. Data collected included whether a fracture was missed on initial radiographs by a board-certified radiologist, and the size and angle of the posterior malleolar fragment.

Results:
Of the 46 patients with posterior malleolar fractures, nine (19.5%) were missed on the radiology report. Seven of 46 (15.2%) were not described on all plain films prior to the CT scan. Two of seven (28.6%) radiographically occult fractures underwent open reduction and internal fixation of the posterior malleolar fragment. The average angle of occult posterior malleolar fractures relative to the transmalleolar axis was quite variable, with an average of 17 degrees (SD 11 degrees, range −20 degrees to 50 degrees).

Conclusions:
With a 15% incidence of occult posterior malleolar fractures, a CT scan or multiple orthogonal views can be helpful to avoid missed fractures. Given the wide variability of fracture angle, a single external rotation view is unlikely to prevent all missed fractures on initial radiographic interpretations.

Level of Evidence:
Level III, retrospective cohort study.
Use of the Ciliation Index to Distinguish Invasive Melanoma From Associated Conventional Melanocytic Nevi
Authors: Lang Ursula E. , Love Nicholas R. , Cheung Christine , McCalmont Timothy H. , Kim Jinah 
Published: May 2019

Abstract:
Our understanding of melanoma precursors and progression to melanoma has developed as a result of advances in the field of molecular diagnostics. We now better understand the potential for genetic heterogeneity within a single lesion. Combined tumors can pose a diagnostic challenge when deciding the line between benign and malignant, which in turn has direct implications for patient management. Primary cilia (PC) are ubiquitous sensory organelles that have essential functions in cellular proliferation, differentiation, and development. The ciliation index (percentage of ciliated melanocytes) has been shown to reliably differentiate melanoma, which fail to ciliate, from melanocytic nevi, which retain PC. We therefore analyzed the potential for using the ciliation index to differentiate benign and malignant components in combined melanocytic lesions. We collected patient samples (n = 10) of unequivocal combined lesions with both melanoma and associated nevus components. Melanocytes were highlighted with SOX10 and costained with gamma-Tubulin and acetylated alpha-Tubulin to highlight the basal body and cilium, respectively. The number of melanocytes retaining cilia under high-power microscopy was examined. The melanoma component had average of 4% ciliation (SD: 7%), whereas the associated nevus component was significantly higher with 59% ciliation (SD: 17%). These data show that PC may be a reliable means of distinguishing benign from malignant components within a single tumor. The ciliation index may be a helpful tool in distinguishing challenging cases of combined lesions of melanoma in situ with a dermal nevus component from invasive melanoma, thus promoting improved staging and clinical management.
Women's Health Initiative clinical trials: potential interactive effect of calcium and vitamin D supplementation with hormonal therapy on cardiovascular disease
Authors: Jiang Xuezhi , Nudy Matthew , Aragaki Aaron K. , Robbins John A. , Manson JoAnn E. , Stefanick Marcia L. , O'Sullivan David M. , Shikany James M. , LeBlanc Erin S. , Kelsey Anita M. , Cauley Jane , Martin Lisa W. , Payne Martha E. , Johnson Karen C. , Howard Barbara , Schnatz Peter F. 
Published: May 2019

Abstract

Objective:
Data in humans and nonhuman primates have suggested a possible synergistic effect of vitamin D and calcium (CaD) and estrogen on the cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk factors. Using randomized trial data we explored whether the effect of menopausal hormone therapy (HT) on CVD events is modified by CaD supplementation.

Methods:
A prospective, randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial was implemented among postmenopausal women in the Women's Health Initiative. A total of 27,347 women were randomized to the HT trials (0.625 mg/d of conjugated equine estrogens [CEE] alone for women without a uterus vs placebo; or 0.625 mg of CEE in addition to 2.5 mg of medroxyprogesterone acetate daily [CEE + MPA] for women with a uterus vs placebo). After 1 year, 16,089 women in the HT trial were randomized to the CaD trial and received either 1,000 mg of elemental calcium carbonate and 400 IU of vitamin D3 daily or placebo. The mean (SD) duration of follow-up after CaD randomization was 6.2 (1.3) years for the CEE trial and 4.6 (1.1) years for the CEE + MPA trial. CVD and venous thromboembolism events evaluated in this subgroup analysis included coronary heart disease, stroke, pulmonary embolism, all-cause mortality, plus select secondary endpoints (total myocardial infarction, coronary revascularization, deep venous thrombosis, cardiovascular death, and all CVD events). Time-to-event methods were used and models were fit with a Cox proportional hazards regression model.

Results:
In the CEE trial, CaD significantly modified the effect of CEE on stroke (P interaction = 0.04). In the CaD-placebo group, CEE's effect on stroke was harmful (hazard ratio [95% confidence interval] = 2.19[1.34-3.58]); however, it was neutral in the CaD-supplement group (hazard ratio [95% confidence interval] = 1.07[0.66-1.73]). We did not observe significant CEE-CaD interactions for coronary heart disease, total CVD events, or any of the remaining endpoints. In the CEE + MPA trial, there was no evidence that the effect of CEE + MPA on any of CVD endpoints was modified by CaD supplementation.

Conclusions:
CaD did not consistently modify the effect of CEE therapy or CEE + MPA therapy on CVD events. However, the increased risk of stroke due to CEE therapy appears to be mitigated by CaD supplementation. In contrast, CaD supplementation did not influence the risk of stroke due to CEE + MPA.