bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Radiation Therapy-Induced Pathologic Scapula Fracture After Reverse Total Shoulder Arthroplasty: A Case Report
Authors: Zhang Yichong , Keener Jay D 
Published: December 2018

Background Radiotherapy is widely used as an effective adjunctive treatment modality in conjunction with conservative surgery for breast cancer. Radiation-induced skeletal changes in the shoulder region have been reported in 1% to 3% of patients who have undergone this treatment modality. With treatment techniques improving life expectancy, there is an increasing number of patients undergoing shoulder arthroplasty surgery with a history of cancer radiation therapy. To our knowledge, there are no reports focusing on potential radiation-related pathologic fractures of the shoulder after shoulder arthroplasty. Case report We present a case of catastrophic failure of glenoid component fixation after reverse shoulder arthroplasty (RSA) in a patient with previous high-dose radiation to the breast and supraclavicular areas. In this patient, failure of ingrowth of the baseplate and incorporation of the glenoid bone graft lead to eventual component loosening and subsidence. In addition, insufficiency fractures of the scapular body and base of the scapular spine occurred, complicating the clinical situation. The likely cause of these complications stems from radiation-induced impaired bone metabolism directly limiting bone remodeling potential. Conclusion This is a rare complication following RSA but highlights a concern that must be considered prior to implantation of the prosthesis that requires bone ingrowth for fixation.
Preliminary Experience Using Bioactive Glass Wedges for Cotton Osteotomy
Authors: Borenstein Tood , Gonzalez Tyler , Krevolin Janet , Den Hartog Bryan , Thordarson David 
Published: December 2018

Background: Medial cuneiform dorsal opening wedge (Cotton) osteotomy is often used for treating forefoot varus in patients undergoing surgery for stage II posterior tibialis tendon dysfunction. The goal of this study was to examine the radiographic outcomes of Cotton osteotomy with bioactive glass wedge to assess for both maintenance of correction and clinical results and complications. We hypothesized that bioactive glass wedges would maintain correction of the osteotomy with low complication rates. Methods: Between December 2015 and June 2016, the charts of 17 patients (10 female and 7 male) who underwent Cotton osteotomy using bioactive glass wedges were retrospectively reviewed. Patient age averaged 56.8 years (range, 16-84). The average follow-up was 6.5 months. Radiographs were reviewed to assess for initial correction and maintenance of correction of medial column sag as well as for union. Charts were reviewed for complications. Results: The medial column sag correction averaged 15.6% on the final postoperative lateral radiograph. Meary angle averaged 19 degrees (3.14-42.8 degrees) preoperatively and 5.5 degrees (0.4-20.7 degrees) at final follow-up. All patients achieved clinical and radiographic union. One patient developed neuropathic midfoot pain and was managed with sympathetic blocks. One patient had a delayed union that healed at 6 months without surgical intervention. No patients required the use of custom orthotics or subsequent surgical procedures. Conclusion: Cotton osteotomy with bioactive glass wedges produced consistent correction of the medial column with low risk. Level of Evidence: Level IV, case series.
In house virtual surgery and 3D complex head and neck reconstruction
Authors: Luu Kimberly , Pakdel Amirreza , Wang Edward , Prisman Eitan 
Published: December 2018

Background 3-Dimensional (3D) printing can be applied to virtual planning and creation of surgical guides for mandibular reconstruction. Such systems are becoming increasingly prevalent in head and neck reconstruction. However, third party access to this technology is costly and removes the opportunity to design, create, and modify the bony reconstructions, as third party technology is a black box. This series is a pilot study to document the feasibility of an in-house software tool. The objectives of this study are to describe the design of an automated in house system and assess the accuracy of this in house automated software tool for mandibular reconstruction in a simulated environment. Methods Software was written to automate the preoperative planning and surgical guide creation process. In a simulation lab, Otolaryngology residents were tasked with resecting and reconstructing a simulated mandible using the 3D-printed cutting guides. A control group of residents performed resection and reconstruction using the traditional method without cutting guides. T-test analysis was performed to compare specific aspects of the final reconstructions including: change from native mandibular width and projection, segment gap distance, and reconstruction time. Results Mandibular reconstruction was successful in all participants using the 3D printed system. The guided group performed significantly better on the measurement of change in Mandibular overlap, projection, segment gap volume. There was a non-significant trend towards better mandibular width and operative time for the guided group. Conclusions This study confirms functionality and feasibility of using an in house automated software for planning and creating surgical guides.
Protein association changes in the Hedgehog signaling complex mediate differential signaling strength
Authors: Giordano Cecile , Ruel Laurent , Poux Candice , Therond Pascal 
Published: December 2018

ABSTRACT
Hedgehog (Hh) is a conserved morphogen that controls cell differentiation and tissue patterning in metazoans. In Drosophila, the Hh signal is transduced from the G protein-coupled receptor Smoothened (Smo) to the cytoplasmic Hh signaling complex (HSC). How activated Smo is translated into a graded activation of the downstream pathway is still not well understood. In this study, we show that the last amino acids of the cytoplasmic tail of Smo, in combination with G protein-coupled receptor kinase 2 (Gprk2), bind to the regulatory domain of Fused (Fu) and highly activate its kinase activity. We further show that this binding induces changes in the association of Fu protein with the HSC and increases the proximity of the Fu catalytic domain to its substrate, the Costal2 kinesin. We propose a new model in which, depending on the magnitude of Hh signaling, Smo and Gprk2 modulate protein association and conformational changes in the HSC, which are responsible for the differential activation of the pathway.
Collagen COL22A1 maintains vascular stability and mutations in COL22A1 are potentially associated with intracranial aneurysms
Authors: Ton Quynh V. , Leino Daniel , Mowery Sarah A. , Bredemeier Nina O. , Lafontant Pascal J. , Lubert Allison , Gurung Suman , Farlow Janice L. , Foroud Tatiana M. , Broderick Joseph , Sumanas Saulius 
Published: December 2018

ABSTRACT
Collagen XXII (COL22A1) is a quantitatively minor collagen, which belongs to the family of fibril-associated collagens with interrupted triple helices. Its biological function has been poorly understood. Here, we used a genome-editing approach to generate a loss-of-function mutant in zebrafish col22a1. Homozygous mutant adults exhibit increased incidence of intracranial hemorrhages, which become more prominent with age and after cardiovascular stress. Homozygous col22a1 mutant embryos show higher sensitivity to cardiovascular stress and increased vascular permeability, resulting in a greater percentage of embryos with intracranial hemorrhages. Mutant embryos also exhibit dilations and irregular structure of cranial vessels. To test whether COL22A1 is associated with vascular disease in humans, we analyzed data from a previous study that performed whole-exome sequencing of 45 individuals from seven families with intracranial aneurysms. The rs142175725 single-nucleotide polymorphism was identified, which segregated with the phenotype in all four affected individuals in one of the families, and affects a highly conserved E736 residue in COL22A1 protein, resulting in E736D substitution. Overexpression of human wild-type COL22A1, but not the E736D variant, partially rescued the col22a1 loss-of-function mutant phenotype in zebrafish embryos. Our data further suggest that the E736D mutation interferes with COL22A1 protein secretion, potentially leading to endoplasmic reticulum stress. Altogether, these results argue that COL22A1 is required to maintain vascular integrity. These data further suggest that mutations in COL22A1 could be one of the risk factors for intracranial aneurysms in humans.
Iron-Catalyzed Cross Coupling of Aryl Chlorides with Alkyl Grignard Reagents: Synthetic Scope and FeII/FeIV Mechanism Supported by X-ray Absorption Spectroscopy and Density Functional Theory Calculations
Authors: Agata Ryosuke , Takaya Hikaru , Matsuda Hiroshi , Nakatani Naoki , Takeuchi Katsuhiko , Iwamoto Takahiro , Hatakeyama Takuji , Nakamura Masaharu 
Published: December 2018

Abstract
A combination of iron(III) fluoride and 1,3-bis(2,6-diisopropylphenyl)imidazolin-2-ylidene (SIPr) catalyzes the high-yielding cross coupling of an electron-rich aryl chloride with an alkyl Grignard reagent, which cannot be attained using other iron catalysts. A variety of alkoxy- or amino-substituted aryl chlorides can be cross-coupled with various alkyl Grignard reagents regardless of the presence or absence of β-hydrogens in the alkyl group. A radical probe experiment using 1-(but-3-enyl)-2-chlorobenzene does not afford the corresponding cyclization product, therefore excluding the intermediacy of radical species. Solution-phase X-ray absorption spectroscopy (XAS) analysis, with the help of density functional theory (DFT) calculations, indicates the formation of a high-spin (S = 2) heteroleptic difluorido organoferrate(II), [MgX][FeIIF2(SIPr)(Me/alkyl)], in the reaction mixture. DFT calculations also support a feasible reaction pathway, including the formation of a difluorido organoferrate(II) intermediate which undergoes a novel Lewis acid-assisted oxidative addition to form a neutral organoiron(IV) intermediate, which leads to an FeII/FeIV catalytic cycle, where the fluorido ligand and the magnesium ion play key roles.
De um limão, uma limonada
Authors: Matzembacher Daniele Eckert , Barcellos Marcia Dutra de , Vieira Luciana Marques 
Published: December 2018

Governos, organizações não governamentais (ONGs), grandes empresas e startups vêm mostrando que é possível ter ganhos financeiros, ambientais e sociais ao diminuir as perdas que ocorrem com alimentos desde a produção até o consumo.
The Dangers of Social Media and Young Dental Patients' Body Image
Authors: Rana Shivani , Kelleher Martin 
Published: December 2018

New media poses new dangers for many younger dental patients and, in particular, to their body image. There is now a generation of younger dental patients that have grown up entirely in the digital era where social media is just part of their normal life. Most of the images they are exposed to have some benefits, but others can pose significant risks for them. For instance, images are readily available to them of the supposed ‘ideal’ dental or facial appearance and sometimes accompanied by some alleged ‘quick fix’ to achieve dental or facial improvement. There are potential dangers of being exposed persistently to such highly idealized images in that many adolescents perceive that their happiness is largely dependent on achieving these artificially enhanced versions of alleged dental or facial beauty. There are dangers in some impressionable young people seeking elective interventions to improve their appearance in various ways which can have longer term mental or physical health consequences. Dentists need to be aware of these important issues in order to help younger people avoid various dangers and to help to safeguard their longer term dental and emotional health. This article aims to provide professionals in various fields with recommendations on advising young patients about some of the dangers of spurious claims about ‘do-it-yourself’ dentistry or facial aesthetics, as well as helping them avoid destructive or unstable treatments, especially those of the ‘quick fix’ variety. Caution is advised in relation to dentists and young patients not believing unproven claims for some treatments. CPD/Clinical Relevance: It is important to challenge unrealistic aspirations of some adolescents about their appearance early on, in order to help to manage those expectations more sensibly and thereby avoid later disappointment, complaints or litigation.
How Orthodontic Therapists have Changed the Provision of Orthodontic Treatment
Authors: Ainscough Sarah , Roberts-Harry Dai , Shelton Andrew , Littlewood Simon , Hodge Trevor 
Published: December 2018

The last decade has seen the orthodontic workforce transformed by the introduction of orthodontic therapists. This article aims to highlight how they have changed the provision of orthodontic treatment and how the orthodontic profession has caught up with general dentistry where task delegation to dental therapists and hygienists has been commonplace for many years. CPD/Clinical Relevance: This article will enable readers to see just what roles OTs undertake, increase their awareness of who may be undertaking the treatment on the patients they refer on and highlight the guidelines on appropriate supervision that their referring orthodontists should be following.
Developmental Defects of Enamel in Primary Molars: A Review
Authors: Marshall Sophie , Kandiah Thayalan 
Published: December 2018

Developmental defects of enamel (DDE) are not uncommon in both the primary and permanent dentition. This article presents a review of the current literature and describes the definition, prevalence, aetiology, diagnosis and management of primary molars affected by DDE. CPD/Clinical Relevance: This article describes the diagnosis and management of DDE in practice to aid treatment planning in children with primary molars affected by DDE.
Making worlds in urban cultural studies
Authors: Birdsall Carolyn , Kalkman Simone 
Published: December 2018

Abstract
In this editorial, we explore the relevance of the concepts of worlding and world-making within the context of urban cultural studies. We ask how cultural practices make worlds and how these practices are in turn worlded, with particular attention to the diverse forms that the urban (as a ‘global’ phenomenon) takes across the world and fact that academic research itself should be considered a form of worlding. In doing so, three focal points come to the fore. The first is the importance of so-called ‘elite dreams’ and their messy and contested relation with worlding practices from below. Second, we emphasize the need to examine the social, political and economic contexts in which cultural objects are created, distributed and received – which calls for an interdisciplinary approach. Third, we focus on historical differences and the need for longer-term perspectives within scholarly research, considering how particular cultural practices are preserved and remembered.
(Re)Addressing Mostar: Global imaginaries, local activisms
Authors: Carabelli Giulia 
Published: December 2018

Abstract
This article examines how artistic interventions in public space become worlding practices that challenge established, global representations of cities. Focusing on Mostar, an ethnically divided city in Bosnia and Herzegovina, the essay contrasts the global representation of the city as intolerant and uncooperative to the worlding practices of Abart, a collective whose art interventions make visible moments of solidarity among supposedly antagonistic actors. Through the mobilization of Lefebvre’s core concepts of the production of space and heterotopia, this article explores how Abart navigates global funding streams through the re-appropriation of donors’ vocabulary as a means of countering their dominant narratives that limit the very potentials of urban activism. Thus, Mostar’s network of activists constitutes a significant example of grassroots actors critically intervening into the ‘art of being global’.
Defiant worldings from Manchester, England: Expulsed global solidarities and the international homeland of dignity
Authors: Gräbner Cornelia 
Published: December 2018

Abstract
This article explores contemporary material and affective traces of two instances of global solidarity in Manchester, England. The first is a letter sent to Abraham Lincoln by an assembly of Manchester citizens in December 1862, assuring Lincoln of their unwavering support for the struggle for the freedom of all despite the cotton famine’s effect on those assembled. The second instance refers to the multi-faceted practices of solidarity with the Spanish Republic and the International Brigades. Drawing on Stephen D’Arcy’s ‘language of the unheard’ and Ananya Roy’s ‘civic governmentality’, and on commemorative traces in Manchester’s topography, the article reflects on how ‘defiant worldings’ are commemorated, subordinated and/or marginalized but also how the spirit of egalitarian, anti-racist and anti-fascist defiance is remembered and kept alive.
Music in Samuel Beckett’s radio play Embers: ‘I shouldn’t be hearing that!’
Authors: Jeffery Lucy 
Published: December 2018

Abstract
This article explores how Samuel Beckett’s use of music in his 1957 radio play Embers is linked to our understanding of the experience of memory and storytelling. It reconsiders how Beckett’s use of the radio medium both informs and is informed by his lifelong interest in music. Beckett’s well-known attitudes towards storytelling – his struggle to express, interest in ambiguity, and resistance to neat conclusions – are revisited with close attention paid to his attempt to express the ineffable. The article argues that Beckett’s simultaneous need for and resistance to storytelling finds its voice in the impossibility of describing music. It suggests that this implicit tension is essential not only in terms of listening to Embers, but also becomes an increasingly central and knotty element of Beckett’s creative process. Hence, the article claims that Beckett can be read alongside twentieth-century composers such as Arnold Schoenberg and Paul Hindemith. In its use of Theodor Adorno and Vladimir Jankélévitch, the analysis employs musicological readings of Beckett’s radio play to demonstrate how Beckett’s use of music complicates, rather than facilitates, our experience of memory and storytelling.
The Family Nagashi: Anti-racist radio and the Japanese internment
Authors: Killmeier Matthew A. 
Published: December 2018

Abstract
This article provides a cultural history of The Family Nagashi, a 1945 propaganda play by Arch Oboler focused on combatting racism against Japanese Americans returning home from the wartime internment camps and military service. It situates the play in the historical contexts of wartime US racism towards Japanese Americans, the collaborative nature of US wartime propaganda and the uses of ethnic soldiers in wartime propaganda to promote tolerance. The author argues that the play provides a poetic argument that relies heavily on an affective narrative to support the efforts of the US government to resettle Japanese Americans immediately after the war. The play draws on materials provided by the US government, which was a common collaborative practice in wartime propaganda, in its attempt to persuade listeners that Japanese Americans are assimilated Americans, to combat racism against them and to forward a message of tolerance and pluralism.
The spontaneous discourse of radio presenters in states of security emergency
Authors: Ben-Atar Ella , Ben-Asher Smadar 
Published: December 2018

Abstract
Scholars from various research disciplines have focused on ways of helping a civilian population withstand mass natural or human-instigated disasters. The present study examines the theoretical principles suggested by Hobfoll et al. (safety, calming, efficacy, connectedness and hope) by an analysis of the spontaneous discourse of educational radio presenters during emergency broadcasts when the region’s residents live under the constant danger of rocket fire. This study analysed 198 broadcasting hours sampled from three different periods of military conflict (2008−14). The radio presenters’ spontaneous discourse was analysed by content, drawing a distinction between resilience-promoting (function) and resilience-impairing (dysfunction) messages. The findings show that despite the presenters’ intention to help the community contend with the difficult situation, numerous resilience-impairing messages also appeared in their spontaneous discourse. The present study contributes by providing an additional layer of theoretical research on interventions in community stress situations and looks at utilizing the potential inherent in educational radio as a tool to aid development of community resilience.
Book Reviews
Authors: Roxo Pedro , Luscombe Anya 
Published: December 2018

Abstract
Music and the Broadcast Experience: Performance, Production and Audiences, Christina L. Baade and James Deaville (eds) (2016) New York: Oxford University Press, 368 pp., ISBN-13: 978-0-19931-470-6, h/bk, $93.24; p/bk, $27.00
Across the Waves: How the United States and France shaped the International Age of Radio, Derek W. Vaillant (2017) Champaign, IL: University of Illinois Press, 258 pp., ISBN: 9-780-25204-141-9, h/bk, $95.00; p/bk, $29.95; e-book, $26.96
Why classic probability cannot be maintained
Authors: Szabó Gábor 
Published: December 2018

Pierre Simon Laplace defines classic probability in his “Essai philosophique sur les probabilités” in 1814. According to Laplace, probability is the correlate of partial human knowledge. Laplace’s notion of probability rests on the idea that if there is no reason to believe one event is more likely to happen than the other, then the two events should be considered equally probable. This idea is the principle of insufficient reason defined by Jacob Bernoulli, most probably a counterpoint to Leibniz’ principle of sufficient reason. The principle of insufficient reason is called the principle of indifference by Keynes and it is known under this name in criticism. Laplace defines probability as the number of useful happenings for creating an event divided by the number of events equally probable.
The paper traces three presuppositions of Laplace’s definition and fasifies them one by one to show that his definition of classic probability cannot be defended. The paper claims that because i. in a determinist world there are not only epistemic probabilities, ii. epistemic probabilities are not necessarily subjective and iii. the principle of indifference does not provide sufficient basis for analysing probability, the classic definition of probability cannot be argued for.