bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Agreement and reproducibility between 3DStent vs. Optical Coherence Tomography for evaluation of stent area and diameter
Authors: Ruberti Andrea , Rinaldi Riccardo , Occhipinti Giovanni , Ramus Liliane , Guagliumi Giulio , Sabate Manel , Brugaletta Salvatore 
Published: October 2024

Abstract3DStent is a novel rotational angiography imaging capable of 3D reconstruction and measuring stent area and diameter, without need for intravascular imaging. To compare 3DStent and OCT-derived stent area and diameter after PCI. Patients with de novo coronary lesions who underwent treatment with a single DES and evaluated by OCT and 3DStent were included. Stent area and diameter were measured by 3DStent, at abluminal, mid and endoluminal side and by OCT. From September 2023 to February 2024 six coronary lesions were analyzed. Post-PCI stent area measured by OCT was (mean ± standard deviation) 7.03 ± 2.85 mm2 and by 3DStent 9.41 ± 2.79 mm2, 7.21 ± 2.23 mm2 and 5.63 ± 1.83 mm2 at abluminal, mid and endoluminal side, respectively. Stent diameter by OCT was 2.93 ± 0.58 mm, and by 3DStent 3.27 ± 0.50 mm, 2.86 ± 0.49 mm and 2.52 ± 0.45 mm at abluminal, mid and endoluminal side, respectively. Significant correlation was observed between OCT and 3DStent in relation to stent area (Exp(B) 3.35, mean of difference 0.19 ± 1.01 mm2, 95%CI -1.80–2.17 mm2, p < 0.001) and diameter (Exp(B) 3.18, mean difference − 0.07 ± 0.18 mm, 95%CI -0.43–0.30 mm, p < 0.001), particularly when 3DStent measurements performed at the mid side. Very high reproducibility was demonstrated by intra- and inter-observer analysis (r = 0.92 and r = 0.93 respectively). 3DStent appears to be an easy and reproducible tool to assess post-PCI stent area and diameter as compared to OCT.
How Banks are Impacted by and Mediate the Economic Consequences of Natural Disasters and Climate Shocks: A Review
Authors: Peters Vinzenz 
Published: October 2024

Abstract
Natural hazard shocks (such as natural disasters, extreme weather events, and climate shocks) have significant negative consequences for real economic activity. The banking sector can mitigate (or exacerbate) some of these consequences. This paper reviews the recent empirical literature on how banks are affected by such shocks, and how banks mediate the economic consequences to households and the real economy. After conceptualizing the theoretical transmission channels between the real economy and the banking sector, the review proceeds in two steps. First, it synthesises the existing literature on the direct effects of natural hazard shocks on bank stability, bank profitability, and credit supply. Then, the critical role of banking in economic recovery is analysed, including research on spillovers into unaffected regions through the banking system. Negative direct effects of natural hazard shocks on banks can be significant but are often transitory. Banking systems in less developed countries appear more vulnerable and are less able to maintain credit supply under adverse conditions. Banks that are better capitalised and that have incentives to support affected economies contribute to economic resilience. The review identifies several avenues for future research and highlights specific features and trade-offs relevant to policymakers interested in enabling the banking system to contribute to sustained economic development in the face of worsening physical climate risks.
On the Existence of Extreme Coherent Distributions with No Atoms
Authors: Cichomski Stanisław , Osȩkowski Adam 
Published: October 2024

Abstract
The paper is devoted to the study of extremal points of

$${\mathcal {C}}$$

C

, the family of all bivariate coherent distributions on

$$[0,1]^2$$

[
0
,
1
]

2

. It is well-known that the set

$${\mathcal {C}}$$

C

is convex and

$$\hbox {weak}^*$$

weak
∗

compact, and all extreme points of

$${\mathcal {C}}$$

C

must be supported on sets of Lebesgue measure zero. Conversely, examples of extreme coherent measures with a finite or countably infinite number of atoms have been successfully constructed in the literature. The main purpose of this article is to bridge the natural gap between those two results: We provide an example of extreme coherent distribution with an uncountable support and with no atoms. Our argument is based on classical tools and ideas from dynamical systems theory. This unexpected connection can be regarded as an independent contribution of the paper.
BioMoon: a concept for a mission to advance space life sciences and astrobiology on the Moon
Authors: Cockell Charles S. , Green David A. , Caplin Nicol , Grenouilleau Jessica , McDonald Francesca E. , Calvaruso Marco , Billi Daniela , Cullen David C. , Davey Matthew P. , De Micco Veronica , Elsaesser Andreas , Etheridge Timothy , Gläßer Christine , Hellweg Christine E. , Ilea Crina S. , Lecocq Antoine , Leys Natalie , Martin-Torres Javier , Nazarious Miracle , Pacelli Claudia , Przybyla Cyrille , Rabbow Elke , Brown Kate Robson , Soria-Salinas Alvaro , Szewczyk Nathaniel , Tinganelli Walter , Tranfield Erin M. , de Vera Jean-Pierre , Verseux Cyprien 
Published: October 2024

AbstractAs humans advance their presence in space and seek to improve the quality of life on Earth, a variety of science questions in support of these two objectives can be answered using the Moon. In this paper, we present a concept for an integrated mission focused on answering fundamental and applied biological questions on the Moon: BioMoon. The mission was designed to investigate the effects of the lunar radiation, gravity, and regolith on biological systems ranging from biomolecules to systems with complex trophic interactions, spanning a range of model organisms. Using common analytical systems and data processing, BioMoon represents a systems-level integrated life sciences mission. It would provide fundamental insights into biological responses to the lunar environment, as well as applied knowledge for In-Situ Resource Utilisation (ISRU), closed-loop life support system development, planetary protection and human health care. The mission was conceived to test biotechnology and sensor technology for lunar and terrestrial application and provide education and outreach opportunities. Although BioMoon was considered in the context of the European Space Agency’s Argonaut (European Large Logistics Lander) concept, the mission design provides a template for any integrated life sciences experimental suite on the Moon and other celestial bodies, implemented either robotically or by human explorers.
Credentialed pharmacist-led home medicines reviews targeting treatable traits and their impact on health outcomes in people with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease: a pre- and post-intervention study
Authors: Sarwar Muhammad Rehan , McDonald Vanessa Marie , Abramson Michael J. , Wilson Sally , Holland Anne E. , Bonevski Billie , Mahal Ajay , Paul Eldho , Meier Brian , George Johnson 
Published: October 2024

Abstract

Background
Patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) should engage in self-management strategies targeting behavioural traits and lifestyle risk-factors for optimal outcomes.

Aim
To evaluate the impact of credentialed pharmacist-led home medicines review (HMR) targeting treatable traits (TTs) on health outcomes in COPD in primary care.

Method
A pre- and post-intervention study was nested within a cluster-randomised controlled trial. A total of 81 participants with COPD from 21 Australian general practices received an HMR with a credentialed pharmacist targeting TTs. Changes in health outcomes at 6 and 12 months from baseline were assessed.

Results
Ten TTs were assessed and targeted during the HMR. At baseline, no-one had a written action plan for managing exacerbations, and medication adherence was sub-optimal in 85% of patients. Additionally, 53% of participants demonstrated inadequate inhaler device technique, while 52% were current smokers. At 6-months follow-up, significant improvements were observed in health-related quality of life (St. George’s Respiratory Questionnaire score = 34.6 versus 39.1 at baseline, p = 0.006), health status (COPD Assessment Test score = 12 versus 16, p = 0.002), anxiety (Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS)–Anxiety score = 2.0 versus 5.0, p < 0.001), depression (HADS-Depression score = 1.0 versus 5.0, p < 0.001), self-reported smoking (47% versus 51.9%, p = 0.031) and treatment adherence (Tool for Adherence Behaviour Screening score = 12.5 versus 10.0, p = 0.002). At 12-months: health status, anxiety, depression, smoking abstinence and adherence to treatment, continued to show statistically significant improvements compared to baseline measurements.

Conclusion
HMRs targeting TTs improved health outcomes in people with COPD. Credentialed pharmacists in primary care can work alongside general practitioners to optimise COPD management.
Drivers of plant biodiversity on cemeteries in the Ruhr Metropolitan Region (W Germany)
Authors: Buch Corinne , Hering Daniel , Keil Peter 
Published: October 2024

Abstract
Cemeteries are biodiversity hotspots in urban areas, while the drivers of their floristic diversity are poorly understood. We investigated 153 cemeteries in the western Ruhr Metropolitan Region and generated comprehensive species lists of wild plants. Altogether, we found 964 species, equivalent to 53.6% of the flora known from the region. Cluster analysis revealed five distinct cemetery types based on their species composition and prevalence. Subsequently, we used ANOVAs to relate the most effective environmental descriptors identified with a CCA to the five clusters, thus revealing the drivers of species composition. Two of the main clusters had clear regional foci, which could be explained by soil types, while the third main cluster included most of the large cemeteries with many different habitat types, and encompassed sites from the entire study region. Here, the number of species is highest. Two smaller clusters included old historic and Jewish cemeteries, respectively, which were characterized by a smaller number of neophytes and heat indicators. Through the various functional types, the cemeteries contribute to the biodiversity of urban areas like the Ruhr Metropolitan Region and thus counteract the floristic homogenization of cities.
Model for atomization droplet size and energy distribution ratio at the distal end of an electrostatic nozzle
Authors: Jia Dongzhou , Jiang Keke , Zhang Yanbin , Lv Zhenlin , Li Changhe 
Published: October 2024

AbstractElectrostatic atomization minimum quantity lubrication (EMQL) employs the synergistic effect of multiple physical fields to atomize minute quantities of lubricant. This innovative methodology is distinguished by its capacity to ameliorate the atomization attributes of the lubricant substantially, which subsequently augments the migratory and infiltration proficiency of the droplets within the complex and demanding milieu of the cutting zone. Compared with the traditional minimum quantity lubrication (MQL), the EMQL process is further complicated by the multiphysical field influences. The presence of multiple physical fields not only increases the complexity of the forces acting on the liquid film but also induces changes in the physical properties of the lubricant itself, thus making the analysis of atomization characteristics and energy distribution particularly challenging. To address this objective reality, the current study has conducted a meticulous measurement of the volume average diameter, size distribution span, and the percentage concentration of inhalable particles of the charged droplets at various intercept positions of the EMQL nozzle. A predictive model for the volume-averaged droplet size at the far end of the EMQL nozzle was established with the observed statistical value F of 825.2125, which indicates a high regression accuracy of the model. Furthermore, based on the changes in the potential energy of surface tension, the loss of kinetic energy of gas, and the electric field work at different nozzle orifice positions in the EMQL system, an energy distribution ratio model for EMQL was developed. The energy distribution ratio coefficients under operating conditions of 0.1 MPa air pressure and 0 to 40 kV voltage on the 20 mm cross-section ranged from 3.094‰ to 3.458‰, while all other operating conditions and cross-sections had energy distribution ratios below 2.06‰. This research is expected to act as a catalyst for the progression of EMQL by stimulating innovation in the sphere of precision manufacturing, providing theoretical foundations, and offering practical guidance for the further development of EMQL technology.
The equity crowdfunding choice: A demand-side perspective
Authors: Löher Jonas 
Published: October 2024

AbstractIn recent years, equity crowdfunding has become increasingly popular for capital-seeking start-ups. A widely held assumption is that these ventures have no other risk capital options and see it as their “last resort” to obtain funding. However, not much is known about their narrow and broader motivational backgrounds. Based on case studies of ten crowdfunded ventures, this study unveils the motives to use equity crowdfunding and links them with organisational characteristics. The analysis shows that ventures’ risk capital choices in this setting are motivated by crowdfunding-specific investment conditions, value-add features, and their fit with ongoing organisational challenges. Thus, I provide a detailed picture of the specific role that equity crowdfunding is intended to play in these firms. Based on the analysis, a theoretical model of four motivational types is developed that could stimulate future research. I argue that instead of focusing exclusively on cost and control arguments, research about investor decisions in equity crowdfunding should also consider different forms of resourcefulness.
Efficacy of the ABC Pathway for Integrated Care Across Phenotypes of Patients with Atrial Fibrillation: A Latent-Class Analysis Report from the mAFA-II Clinical Trial
Authors: Corica Bernadette , Romiti Giulio Francesco , Mei Davide Antonio , Proietti Marco , Zhang Hui , Guo Yutao , Lip Gregory Y. H. ,   on behalf of the mAF-App II trial investigators
Published: October 2024

Abstract
Background
The mAFA-II cluster randomised trial demonstrated the efficacy of a mobile health-technology implemented ‘Atrial fibrillation Better Care’ (ABC) pathway (mAFA intervention) for integrated care management of patients with AF.

Objective
To evaluate the effect of mAFA intervention across phenotypes of patients with AF.

Design
We conducted a latent-class analysis (LCA) according to eight variables, including age and comorbidities.

Participants
The mAFA-II trial enrolled AF patients between June 2018 and August 2019 across 40 centres in China.

Main Measures
We evaluated the interaction between the groups identified through LCA, and the effect of mAFA intervention on the risk of the primary composite outcome of all-cause death, stroke/thromboembolism, and rehospitalisations. Results were expressed as adjusted hazard ratio (aHR) and 95% confidence intervals (95% CI).

Key Results
Across the 3324 patients included in the trial (mean age 68.5 ± 13.9 years, 38.0% females), we identified three phenotypes: (i) low morbidity phenotype (n = 1234, 37.1%), (ii) hypertensive/coronary artery disease (CAD) phenotype (n = 1534, 46.2%), and (iii) mixed morbidity phenotype (n = 556, 16.7%). The effect of mAFA intervention on the primary outcome appeared greater in the low morbidity phenotype (aHR, 0.08; 95% CI 0.02–0.33) compared to the hypertensive/CAD (aHR, 0.30; 95% CI 0.16–0.58) and the mixed morbidity phenotype (aHR, 0.68; 95% CI 0.37–1.24), with a statistically significant interaction (pint = 0.004).

Conclusions
In patients with AF, the ABC pathway improved prognosis across different comorbidity phenotypes, although with some differences in the magnitude of risk reduction. Patients with more complex phenotypes require further efforts to improve their outcomes, considering their high baseline risk of adverse events.

Trial Registration
WHO International Clinical Trials Registry Platform (ICTRP) Registration number: ChiCTR-OOC-17014138.
Enhancing the Precision of the Self-Compassion Scale Short Form (SCS-SF) with Rasch Methodology
Authors: Adu Peter , Popoola Tosin , Bartholomew Emerson , Iqbal Naved , Roemer Anja , Jurcik Tomas , Collings Sunny , Aspin Clive , Medvedev Oleg N. , Simpson Colin R. 
Published: October 2024

Abstract
Objectives
Precise measurement of self-compassion is essential for informing well-being–related policies. Traditional assessment methods have led to inconsistencies in the factor structure of self-compassion scales. We used Rasch methodology to enhance measurement precision and assess the psychometric properties of the Self-Compassion Scale Short Form (SCS-SF), including its invariance across Ghana, Germany, India, and New Zealand.

Method
We employed the Partial Credit Rasch model to analyse responses obtained from 1000 individuals randomly selected (i.e. 250 from each country) from a total convenience sample of 1822 recruited from the general populations of Germany, Ghana, India, and New Zealand.

Results
The initial identification of local dependency among certain items led to a significant misfitting of the SCS-SF to the Rasch model (χ2 (108) = 260.26, p < 0.001). We addressed this issue by merging locally dependent items, using testlets. The solution with three testlets resulted in optimal fit of the SCS-SF to the Rasch model (χ2 (27) = 23.84, p = 0.64), showing evidence of unidimensionality, strong sample targeting (M = 0.20; SD = 0.72), and good reliability (Person Separation Index = 0.71), including invariance across sociodemographic factors. We then developed ordinal-to-interval conversion tables based on the Rasch model’s person estimates. The SCS-SF showed positive correlations with measures of compassion towards others, optimism, and positive affect, alongside negative associations with psychological distress and negative affect.

Conclusions
The current study supports the reliability, as well as the structural, convergent, and external validity of the SCS-SF. By employing the ordinal-to-interval conversion tables published here, the precision of the measure is significantly enhanced, offering a robust tool for investigating self-compassion across different cultures.
Glucose deprivation impairs hypoxia-inducible factor-1α synthesis
Authors: Hubert Mia , Stuart Sarah , Ohh Michael 
Published: October 2024

AbstractHypoxia-inducible factors (HIFs) are key transcriptional mediators of the hypoxic response and are implicated in oncogenesis. HIFα is regulated by a well-characterized, oxygen-dependent degradation pathway involving the von Hippel Lindau (VHL) tumor suppressor protein. However, comparatively little is known about HIFα regulation at the translational level, particularly under cellular stress. There is evidence that HIFα expression not only responds to changes in oxygen tension, but also nutrient availability. In this study, we monitored global translation rates, ATP levels and HIF1α synthesis rates in response to glucose starvation or glycolysis inhibition. We found that both global and HIF1α-specific translation rates decline under glucose deprivation that is concomitant with ATP reduction. These results are in contrast with previous reports showing preferential HIF1α synthesis despite global translation suppression under hypoxia and suggest that a glucose requirement in cellular metabolism is associated with HIF1α translation.
Discretization of Fractional Fully Nonlinear Equations by Powers of Discrete Laplacians
Authors: Chowdhury Indranil , Jakobsen Espen R. , Lien Robin Ø 
Published: October 2024

AbstractWe study discretizations of fractional fully nonlinear equations by powers of discrete Laplacians. Our problems are parabolic and of order $$\sigma \in (0,2)$$

σ
∈
(
0
,
2
)

since they involve fractional Laplace operators $$(-\Delta )^{\sigma /2}$$

(
-
Δ
)

σ
/
2

. They arise e.g. in control and game theory as dynamic programming equations – HJB and Isaacs equation – and solutions are non-smooth in general and should be interpreted as viscosity solutions. Our approximations are realized as finite-difference quadrature approximations and are 2nd order accurate for all values of $$\sigma $$
σ
. The accuracy of previous approximations of fractional fully nonlinear equations depend on $$\sigma $$
σ
and are worse when $$\sigma $$
σ
is close to 2. We show that the schemes are monotone, consistent, $$L^\infty $$

L
∞

-stable, and convergent using a priori estimates, viscosity solutions theory, and the method of half-relaxed limits. We also prove a second order error bound for smooth solutions and present many numerical examples.
Where Technology Leads, the Problems Follow. Technosolutionism and the Dutch Contact Tracing App
Authors: Siffels Lotje E. , Sharon Tamar 
Published: October 2024

AbstractIn April 2020, in the midst of its first pandemic lockdown, the Dutch government announced plans to develop a contact tracing app to help contain the spread of the coronavirus – the Coronamelder. Originally intended to address the problem of the overburdening of manual contract tracers, by the time the app was released six months later, the problem it sought to solve had drastically changed, without the solution undergoing any modification, making it a prime example of technosolutionism. While numerous critics have mobilised the concept of technosolutionism, the questions of how technosolutionism works in practice and which specific harms it can provoke have been understudied. In this paper we advance a thick conception of technosolutionism which, drawing on Evgeny Morozov, distinguishes it from the notion of technological fix, and, drawing on constructivism, emphasizes its constructivist dimension. Using this concept, we closely follow the problem that the Coronamelder aimed to solve and how it shifted over time to fit the Coronamelder solution, rather than the other way around. We argue that, although problems are always constructed, technosolutionist problems are badly constructed, insofar as the careful and cautious deliberation which should accompany problem construction in public policy is absent in the case of technosolutionism. This can lead to three harms: a subversion of democratic decision-making; the presence of powerful new actors in the public policy context – here Big Tech; and the creation of “orphan problems”, whereby the initial problems that triggered the need to develop a (techno)solution are left behind. We question whether the most popular form of technology ethics today, which focuses predominantly on the design of technology, is well-equipped to address these technosolutionist harms, insofar as such a focus may preclude critical thinking about whether or not technology should be the solution in the first place.