bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Interfacial Coupling Effect in Organic/Inorganic Nanocomposites with High Energy Density
Authors: Pan Zhongbin , Yao Lingmin , Zhai Jiwei , Yao Xi , Chen Haydn 
Published: February 2018

AbstractOrganic/inorganic nanocomposites (OINs) can be potentially used as high‐performance capacitors due to their rapid charge–discharge capability along with respectable power density. The coupling effect of the filler/matrix interface plays a prominent role in the dielectric and electric properties of OINs. Along with a review of contemporary theoretical models, recent advances in interfacial optimization to improve energy density through careful interface control and design are also presented. Possible mechanisms that may improve energy density and potential applications for high‐energy‐density capacitors are also highlighted.
Second Harmonic Generation Manipulation Enabled by Electromagnetic Coupling in Bianisotropic Metamolecules
Authors: Guo Kai , Qian Cheng , Zhang Yong Liang , Fung Kin Hung 
Published: February 2018

AbstractBianisotropic metamolecules provide a novel opportunity to realize optical magnetism through localized electromagnetic coupling (EM coupling). Previous investigations of the EM coupling, however, are mostly limited to linear regime. In this work, active manipulation of light in nonlinear regime with EM coupling is theoretically studied. To this end, a bianisotropic metamolecule composed of four uniform gold nanodisks is designed. Simulation results show that a Fano‐like resonance induced by EM coupling is sufficient to control the second harmonic generation (SHG) signal. By rotating polarization angle of optical excitation source, the emitted SHG signal is switched on–off with the EM coupling. Furthermore, modulation of the SHG signal is demonstrated through the EM coupling by tuning the gap size and filling material.
Subwavelength Optical Engineering with Metasurface Waves
Authors: Luo Xiangang 
Published: February 2018

AbstractAs artificial 2D materials made of subwavelength inclusions, metasurfaces bear exotic optical and electromagnetic properties not obtainable in naturally occurring materials. Based on unique wave behaviors such as short effective wavelength and local field enhancement that stem from the strongly local light–matter interaction, metasurfaces have the ability to overcome many tough problems faced by traditional optical engineers. Here, the history, basic principles, practical applications, and recent advancements of metasurfaces are reviewed in three main aspects: the breaking of the diffraction limit, the generalized laws of refraction and reflection, as well as the localized enhancement of light absorption. These landmark achievements could open a door for the optical engineering at the subwavelength scale, i.e., for Engineering Optics 2.0, and provide alternatives to traditional approaches based on bulky optical components. Moreover, multifunctional metasurfaces have also been introduced which could simultaneously achieve several different functionalities with a single device. As a concluding remark, the major challenges faced by this developing field are discussed.
Triboelectric‐Based Transparent Secret Code
Authors: Yuan Zuqing , Du Xinyu , Li Nianwu , Yin Yingying , Cao Ran , Zhang Xiuling , Zhao Shuyu , Niu Huidan , Jiang Tao , Xu Weihua , Wang Zhong Lin , Li Congju 
Published: February 2018

AbstractPrivate and security information for personal identification requires an encrypted tool to extend communication channels between human and machine through a convenient and secure method. Here, a triboelectric‐based transparent secret code (TSC) that enables self‐powered sensing and information identification simultaneously in a rapid process method is reported. The transparent and hydrophobic TSC can be conformed to any cambered surface due to its high flexibility, which extends the application scenarios greatly. Independent of the power source, the TSC can induce obvious electric signals only by surface contact. This TSC is velocity‐dependent and capable of achieving a peak voltage of ≈4 V at a resistance load of 10 MΩ and a sliding speed of 0.1 m s−1, according to a 2 mm × 20 mm rectangular stripe. The fabricated TSC can maintain its performance after reciprocating rolling for about 5000 times. The applications of TSC as a self‐powered code device are demonstrated, and the ordered signals can be recognized through the height of the electric peaks, which can be further transferred into specific information by the processing program. The designed TSC has great potential in personal identification, commodity circulation, valuables management, and security defense applications.
A Multicenter Retrospective Analysis Evaluating Performance of Synovial Biopsy Techniques in Patients With Inflammatory Arthritis
Authors: Humby Frances , Romão Vasco C. , Manzo Antonio , Filer Andrew , Bugatti Serena , Vieira‐Sousa Elsa , Kelly Stephen , Wechalekar Mihir , Ahmed Manzoor , Rocher Vidalba , Hands Rebecca , Montecucco Carlomaurizio , Fonseca Joao , Pitzalis Costantino 
Published: February 2018

ObjectiveTo evaluate whether the choice of synovial biopsy technique (arthroscopy, blind needle [BN] biopsy, ultrasound [US]–guided portal and forceps [P&F], or US‐guided needle biopsy [NB]) translates to significant variation in synovial tissue quality and quantity, with the aim of informing recommendations for the choice of synovial sampling technique within clinical trials.MethodsIn total, 159 procedures from 5 academic rheumatology centers were evaluated. Hematoxylin and eosin–stained, paraffin‐embedded synovial tissue sections from patients with inflammatory arthritis were assessed in order to determine the proportion of graded synovial fragments, total area of graded synovial tissue, and synovitis score per procedure. RNA quantity (μg of RNA) and quality (RNA integrity number) per procedure were also assessed in the synovial samples.ResultsIn this study, 84 of the 159 procedures performed on large joints at baseline (25 arthroscopic, 35 US‐P&F, 11 US‐NB, and 13 BN biopsies), 41 of the 159 procedures performed on small joints at baseline (11 US‐P&F, 20 US‐NB, and 10 BN biopsies), and 34 sequential biopsy procedures were evaluated. Compared to all other techniques evaluated in the small and large joints, fewer small joint BN biopsies and a significantly lower proportion of large joint BN biopsies yielded graded synovial tissue. No significant difference in either the proportion of graded tissue samples or total graded synovial tissue area between the US‐NB and arthroscopic large joint procedures was demonstrated. Among the sequential biopsy procedures evaluated (small joint US‐NB, large joint arthroscopy, US‐P&F biopsy, and BN biopsy), no significant difference in the proportion of graded synovial tissue or total graded synovial tissue area was demonstrated. All procedures yielded RNA of significant quality and quantity for subsequent transcriptomic analysis.ConclusionThese data support the integration of US‐guided methods along with arthroscopic biopsy for clinical trial protocols in which sequential sampling of synovium from the large and small joints is needed for both histologic and molecular analysis. BN biopsy may be considered if graded synovial tissue is not required for subsequent analyses.
Grundlagen der Bemessung von WU‐Bauwerken
Authors: Mayer Till Felix 
Published: February 2018

AbstractDie WU‐Bauweise hat sich für wasserberührte Bauwerke über Jahrzehnte als robuste, leistungsfähige und wirtschaftliche Alternative zu Konstruktionen mit außen liegender Abdichtung bewährt. Die Planung und die Ausführung derartiger WU‐Konstruktionen sind in Deutschland seit 2003 in der WU‐Richtlinie des Deutschen Ausschusses für Stahlbeton geregelt, die 2017 in einer überarbeiteten Fassung erscheint. In diesem Beitrag werden die Grundlagen der Bemessung von WU‐Konstruktionen nach WU‐Richtlinie dargestellt.
Bauphysikalische Aspekte bei Ausführung von hochwertig genutzten Weißen Wannen
Authors: Rucker‐Gramm Petra 
Published: February 2018

AbstractDie hochwertige Nutzung von Kellergeschossen zum Beispiel als Wohn‐ oder Arbeitsraum setzt voraus, dass bauphysikalische Aspekte in der Planung, Ausführung und Nutzung Berücksichtigung finden. Vornehmliches Ziel ist die Sicherstellung eines behaglichen Raumklimas und die Vermeidung von Tauwasser‐ und Schimmelpilzbildung. Zu diesem Zweck ist der Feuchteeintrag durch die Gebäudehülle und durch die Nutzung zu begrenzen. Der Feuchtetransport durch die Gebäudehülle ist hierbei von untergeordneter Bedeutung, da dieser bei Einhaltung der Vorgaben der WU‐Richtlinie nicht stattfindet. Auch die Abgabe der Baufeuchte ist nur in den ersten Monaten nach Nutzungsbeginn relevant. Wesentlichen Einfluss auf den Feuchtegehalt im Raum hat die Nutzung. Durch angepasste Lüftung muss der nutzungsbedingte Feuchteeintrag abgeführt werden. Feuchtespeichernde Materialien an den Innenoberflächen können das Raumklima zusätzlich positiv beeinflussen, indem Feuchtespitzen abgefangen werden. Durch eine wärmeschutztechnische Optimierung der Gebäudehülle wird erreicht, dass die Innenoberflächentemperaturen erhöht werden. Dies resultiert in Bauteiltemperaturen, die von den Nutzern als behaglich empfunden werden. Zudem reduziert sich dadurch das Risiko der Schimmel‐ und Tauwasserbildung. Unter dem Aspekt der Energieverluste im Bereich von Wärmebrücken und der damit verbundenen Kosten ist die Ausführung einer außen gedämmten WU‐Konstruktion der innengedämmten Variante vorzuziehen.
Early fine motor impairment and behavioral dysfunction in (Thy‐1)‐h[A30P] alpha‐synuclein mice
Authors: Ekmark‐Lewén Sara , Lindström Veronica , Gumucio Astrid , Ihse Elisabeth , Behere Anish , Kahle Philipp J. , Nordström Eva , Eriksson Maria , Erlandsson Anna , Bergström Joakim , Ingelsson Martin 
Published: February 2018

AbstractIntroductionIntraneuronal inclusions of alpha‐synuclein are commonly found in the brain of patients with Parkinson's disease and other α‐synucleinopathies. The correlation between alpha‐synuclein pathology and symptoms has been studied in various animal models. In (Thy‐1)‐h[A30P] alpha‐synuclein transgenic mice, behavioral and motor abnormalities were reported from 12 and 15 months, respectively. The aim of this study was to investigate whether these mice also display symptoms at earlier time points.MethodsWe analyzed gait deficits, locomotion, and behavioral profiles in (Thy‐1)‐h[A30P] alpha‐synuclein and control mice at 2, 8, and 11 months of age. In addition, inflammatory markers, levels of alpha‐synuclein oligomers, and tyrosine hydroxylase reactivity were studied.ResultsAlready at 2 months of age, transgenic mice displayed fine motor impairments in the challenging beam test that progressively increased up to 11 months of age. At 8 months, transgenic mice showed a decreased general activity with increased risk‐taking behavior in the multivariate concentric square field test. Neuropathological analyses of 8‐ and 11‐month‐old mice revealed accumulation of oligomeric alpha‐synuclein in neuronal cell bodies. In addition, a decreased presence of tyrosine hydroxylase suggests a dysregulation of the dopaminergic system in the transgenic mice, which in turn may explain some of the motor impairments observed in this mouse model.ConclusionsTaken together, our results show that the (Thy‐1)‐h[A30P] alpha‐synuclein transgenic mouse model displays early Parkinson's disease‐related symptoms with a concomitant downregulation of the dopaminergic system. Thus, this should be an appropriate model to study early phenotypes of alpha‐synucleinopathies.
Asymptomatic loss of intraepidermal nerve fibers with preserved thermal detection thresholds after repeated exposure to severe cold
Authors: Krøigård Thomas , Wirenfeldt Martin , Svendsen Toke K. , Sindrup Søren H. 
Published: February 2018

AbstractBackgroundCold‐induced peripheral neuropathy has been described in individuals exposed to severe cold resulting in pain, hypersensitivity to cold, hyperhidrosis, numbness, and skin changes. Nerve conduction studies and thermal detection thresholds are abnormal in symptomatic patients, and intraepidermal nerve fiber density (IENFD) in skin biopsies is reduced.Case presentationA 41‐year‐old male was included as a healthy subject in a study of the spontaneous variability of quantitative sensory testing (QST), nerve conduction studies (NCS), and IENFD. Unexpectedly, IENFD was significantly reduced, whereas the rest of the examination was normal except for reduced vibration detection threshold. The results were confirmed at follow‐up examination. The subject had been repeatedly exposed to severe cold resulting in short lasting numbness and paresthesia while living in the eastern part of Greenland and the northern part of Norway.ConclusionLoss of intraepidermal nerve fibers caused by exposure to severe cold may be asymptomatic, and their function assessed by thermal detection thresholds may be preserved. This case illustrates that QST and IENFD are complementary tests and that subclinical cold‐induced peripheral neuropathy may be prevalent in subjects living in or near polar regions which could have implications for the recruitment of healthy subjects.
Dystopic retrohepatic gallbladder and cholecysto‐choledocho lithiasis: the rendez‐vous and indocyanine green fluorescence
Authors: Mattone Edoardo , Latteri Saverio , Teodoro Michele , Pesce Antonio , Mannino Maurizio , Romano Giulia , Russello Domenico , La Greca Gaetano 
Published: February 2018

Key Clinical MessageLaparoscopic cholecystectomy is a well‐known procedure for the treatment of most gallbladder diseases. Sometimes, it could be very difficult, in the presence of aberrations regarding the cystic duct, the cystic artery, or the gallbladder itself. Fluorescence laparoscopy using indocyanine green could be very useful for all the situations of anatomy aberrations.
Intracranial subdural abscess with polymicrobial infections due to frontal sinusitis in an adolescent: life‐threatening complication of a common disease
Authors: Hibi Arata , Amakusa Yoshinobu 
Published: February 2018

Key Clinical MessageIntracranial abscess is one of the most serious complications of frontal sinusitis, particularly among adolescents, even in the absence of odontogenic infection. Polymicrobial infections due to anaerobes are common. Because antibiotic therapy alone is usually ineffective, early endoscopic sinus surgery is the key for infection control and good clinical outcomes.
A reminder of the place of morphology and the H‐score in the diagnosis of hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis (HLH)
Authors: Favresse J. , Lardinois B. , Chatelain B. , Mullier F. , Jacqmin H. 
Published: February 2018

Key Clinical MessageThis case report reminds the reader of the place of hemophagocytosis and the H‐Score in the diagnosis of secondary hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis.
Pseudo liposarcomatous plasma cells in a patient with liposarcoma and lymphoplasmacytic lymphoma
Authors: Schmidt Adrian , Monn Antoinette , Schmidt‐Weiss Elisabeth , Schmid Mathias , Boesch Beatrix 
Published: February 2018

Key Clinical MessageFirst, patients may always develop a second severe illness, even a second cancer. Second, things are not always as they are expected to be. So, careful diagnosis is mandatory. Third, morphology is very important, but sometimes misleading. Always be aware of morphological variants!
Macroinvertebrate identity mediates the effects of litter quality and microbial conditioning on leaf litter recycling in temperate streams
Authors: Santonja Mathieu , Pellan Laura , Piscart Christophe 
Published: February 2018

AbstractPlant litter decomposition is an essential ecosystem function that contributes to carbon and nutrient cycling in streams. Aquatic shredders, mainly macroinvertebrates, can affect this process in various ways; they consume leaf litter, breaking it down into fragments and creating suitable habitats or resources for other organisms through the production of fine particulate organic matter (FPOM). However, measures of litter‐feeding traits across a wide range of aquatic macroinvertebrates are still rare. Here, we assessed the contributions of 11 species of freshwater macroinvertebrates to litter decomposition, by measuring consumption rate, FPOM production, and assimilation rate of highly decomposable (Alnus glutinosa) or poorly decomposable (Quercus robur) leaf litter types. In general, an increase in the quality of litter improved the litter consumption rate, and fungal conditioning of the leaf litter increased both the litter consumption rate and FPOM production. Macroinvertebrates specializing in leaf litter consumption also appeared to be the most sensitive to shifts in litter quality and the conditioning process. Contrary to expectations, the conditioning process did not increase the assimilation of low‐quality litter. There was a strong correlation between the relative consumption rate (RCR) of the two litter types, and the relative FPOM production (RFP) was strongly correlated to the RCR. These findings suggest a consistent relationship between RCR and macroinvertebrate identity that is not affected by litter quality, and that the RFP could be inferred from the RCR. The varying responses of the macroinvertebrate feeding traits to litter quality and the conditioning process suggest that the replacement of a shredder invertebrate species by another species could have major consequences for the decomposition process and the detritus‐based food web in streams. Further studies onto the importance of invertebrate identity and the effects of litter quality in a variety of freshwater ecosystems are needed to understand the whole ecosystem functioning and to predict its response to environmental changes.
Basic description and some notes on the evolution of seven sympatric morphs of Dolly Varden Salvelinus malma from the Lake Kronotskoe Basin
Authors: Markevich Grigorii , Esin Evgeny , Anisimova Liudmila 
Published: February 2018

AbstractThe study examines the basic morphological and ecological features of Dolly Varden from Lake Kronotskoe (Russia, Kamchatka). Seven valid morphs different in head proportions, feeding, timing, and place of spawning have been determined in this ecosystem. The basic morphometric characteristics clearly separate Lake Kronotskoe morphs from each other, as well as from its potential ancestor (Dolly Varden). According to CVA analysis, the most notable morphological characteristics determining the mouth position are the length of a lower jaw and rostrum. Furthermore, five of seven morphs inhabit different depth zones of the lake and feed on different food resources. Our data suggest that reproductive isolation may be maintained by temporal/spatial isolation for two morphs with lacustrine spawning, and by spatial isolation only for the rest of the morphs with riverine spawning. The sympatric diversity of the Lake Kronotskoe charrs is exceptionally wide, and there are no other examples for seven sympatric morphs of genus Salvelinus to coexist within a single ecosystem. This study puts forward a three‐step hypothetical model of charr divergence in Lake Kronotskoe as a potential ground for future studies.
Aquatic and terrestrial morphotypes of the aquatic invasive plant, Ludwigia grandiflora, show distinct morphological and metabolomic responses
Authors: Billet Kevin , Genitoni Julien , Bozec Michel , Renault David , Barloy Dominique 
Published: February 2018

AbstractIn the context of expansion of invasive species, survival of invasive plants is conditioned by their ability to adapt. In France, the water primrose Ludwigia grandiflora, an aquatic invasive species, invades yet wet meadows, leading to a depreciation of their fodder value. Understanding its potential adaption is necessary to its management, strong differences between both morphotypes were expected. So morphological and metabolic responses to terrestrial environment were analyzed for aquatic and terrestrial morphotypes. All morphological and biomass variables were greater in the terrestrial morphotype than the aquatic morphotype, independent of conditions. In terrestrial condition, both morphotypes showed a high production of sugars in root tissues, especially in the terrestrial morphotype and both morphotypes produced a low level of amino acids in shoot tissues. All results demonstrate that the terrestrial condition seems a stressful situation for both morphotypes, which activates glycolysis and fermentation pathways to improve their survival under hypoxic stress. But, only the terrestrial morphotype has been able to adjust its metabolism and maintain efficient growth. In the future, a differential transcriptomic analysis will be carried out to confirm this result.
Mineralocorticoid receptor antagonists for heart failure: a real‐life observational study
Authors: Bruno Noemi , Sinagra Gianfranco , Paolillo Stefania , Bonomi Alice , Corrà Ugo , Piepoli Massimo , Veglia Fabrizio , Salvioni Elisabetta , Lagioia Rocco , Metra Marco , Limongelli Giuseppe , Cattadori Gaia , Scardovi Angela B. , Carubelli Valentina , Scrutino Domenico , Badagliacca Roberto , Guazzi Marco , Raimondo Rosa , Gentile Piero , Magrì Damiano , Correale Michele , Parati Gianfranco , Re Federica , Cicoira Mariantonietta , Frigerio Maria , Bussotti Maurizio , Vignati Carlo , Oliva Fabrizio , Mezzani Alessandro , Vergaro Giuseppe , Di Lenarda Andrea , Passino Claudio , Sciomer Susanna , Pacileo Giuseppe , Ricci Roberto , Contini Mauro , Apostolo Anna , Palermo Pietro , Mapelli Massimo , Carriere Cosimo , Clemenza Francesco , Binno Simone , Belardinelli Romualdo , Lombardi Carlo , Perrone Filardi Pasquale , Emdin Michele , Agostoni Piergiuseppe 
Published: February 2018

AbstractAimsMineralocorticoid receptor antagonists (MRAs) have been demonstrated to improve outcomes in reduced ejection fraction heart failure (HFrEF) patients. However, MRAs added to conventional treatment may lead to worsening of renal function and hyperkalaemia. We investigated, in a population‐based analysis, the long‐term effects of MRA treatment in HFrEF patients.Methods and resultsWe analysed data of 6046 patients included in the Metabolic Exercise Cardiac Kidney Index score dataset. Analysis was performed in patients treated (n = 3163) and not treated (n = 2883) with MRA. The study endpoint was a composite of cardiovascular death, urgent heart transplantation, or left ventricular assist device implantation. Ten years' survival was analysed through Kaplan–Meier, compared by log‐rank test and propensity score matching.At 10 years' follow‐up, the MRA‐untreated group had a significantly lower number of events than the MRA‐treated group (P < 0.001). MRA‐treated patients had more severe heart failure (higher New York Heart Association class and lower left ventricular ejection fraction, kidney function, and peak VO2). At a propensity‐score‐matching analysis performed on 1587 patients, MRA‐treated and MRA‐untreated patients showed similar study endpoint values.ConclusionsIn conclusion, MRA treatment does not affect the composite of cardiovascular death, urgent heart transplantation or left ventricular assist device implantation in a real‐life setting. A meticulous patient follow‐up, as performed in trials, is likely needed to match the positive MRA‐related benefits observed in clinical trials.