bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
In vivo 1H MRS of human gallbladder bile in understanding the pathophysiology of primary sclerosing cholangitis (PSC): Immune‐mediated disease versus bile acid‐induced injury
Authors: Mohajeri Sanaz , Bezabeh Tedros , Ijare Omkar B. , King Scott B. , Thomas Michael Albert , Minuk Gerald , Lipschitz Jeremy , Kirkpatrick Iain , Micflikier Allan B. , Summers Randy , Smith Ian C.P. 
Published: February 2019

Primary sclerosing cholangitis (PSC) has been considered to be either an “autoimmune disease” or a “bile acid‐induced injury.” In vitro MRS studies on PSC patients have limitations due to the contamination of bile with contrast agent (commonly administered during endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography) and/or the use of patient cohorts with other diseases as controls. The objective of this study was to quantify biliary metabolites using in vivo 1H MRS and gain insight into the pathogenesis of PSC. Biliary metabolites in 10 PSC patients and 14 healthy controls were quantified in vivo using 1H MRS on a 3 T MR scanner. The concentrations of total bile acids plus cholesterol, glycine‐conjugated bile acids, taurine‐conjugated bile acids, and choline‐containing phospholipids (chol‐PLs) were compared between the two groups. There were statistically significant decreases in the levels of the above mentioned biliary metabolites in the PSC patients compared with controls. The reduction in bile acid secretion in bile of PSC patients indicates accumulation of bile acids in hepatocytes. Moreover, reduction in the levels of chol‐PLs in bile may increase the toxic effects of bile acids. Our findings suggest that the bile duct injury in PSC patients is most likely due to “bile acid‐induced injury.”
Anthraquinone Derivative Reduces Tau Oligomer Progression by Inhibiting Cysteine‐Cysteine Interaction
Authors: Areche Carlos , Zapata Francisca , González Mathias , Díaz Esteban , Montecinos Rubén , Hernández Marcos , Melo Francisco , Cornejo Alberto 
Published: February 2019

AbstractTau protein is a natively unfolded protein whose primary role is to participate in axonal transport closely associated with microtubules. Neurodegenerative disorders including Alzheimer's disease and Tauopathies involved tau protein that is found hyperphosphorylated in vivo; then, tau is detached from microtubules to form toxic aggregates or oligomers, which have a deleterious effect on membranes, triggering an inflammatory response. Considering finding tau inhibitors, we isolated two compounds in the ethyl acetate extract from Xanthoria ectaneoides (Nyl.) Zahlbr; ergosterol peroxide (1) and a new anthraquinone (2). We established the structure through spectroscopic data and biogenic considerations, and we named it “2‐hydroxy‐3‐((8‐hydroxy‐3‐methoxy‐6‐methylanthraquinonyl)oxy)propanoic acid”. This new anthraquinone was evaluated as a tau inhibitor by ThT fluorescence, dot blot assays and total internal reflection fluorescence microscopy. Our results strongly suggest that this anthraquinone remodels soluble oligomers and diminishes β‐sheet content. Moreover, through the fluorescence labeling of cysteine inside of the microtubule‐binding domain (4R), we showed that this anthraquinone could reduce the oligomers progression by inhibiting cysteine interactions.
Does the Intra‐Atomic Deformation Energy of Interacting Quantum Atoms Represent Steric Energy?
Authors: Symons Benjamin C. B. , Williamson Dominic J. , Brooks Campbell M. , Wilson Alex L. , Popelier Paul L. A. 
Published: February 2019

AbstractWe show that the mutual, through‐space compression of atomic volume experienced by approaching topological atoms causes an exponential increase in the intra‐atomic energy of those atoms, regardless of approach orientation. This insight was obtained using the modern energy partitioning method called interacting quantum atoms (IQA). This behaviour is consistent for all atoms except hydrogen, which can behave differently depending on its environment. Whilst all atoms experience charge transfer when they interact, the intra‐atomic energy of the hydrogen atom is more vulnerable to these changes than larger atoms. The difference in behaviour is found to be due to hydrogen's lack of a core of electrons, which, in heavier atoms, consistently provide repulsion when compressed. As such, hydrogen atoms do not always provide steric hindrance. In accounting for hydrogen's unusual behaviour and demonstrating the exponential character of the intra‐atomic energy in all other atoms, we provide evidence for IQA's intra‐atomic energy as a quantitative description of steric energy.
Recent Advances in Pathology: the 2019 Annual Review Issue of The Journal of Pathology
Authors: Herrington C Simon , Poulsom Richard , Coates Philip J 
Published: February 2019

AbstractIn this Annual Review Issue of The Journal of Pathology, we present 15 invited reviews on topical aspects of pathology, ranging from the impacts of the microbiome in human disease through mechanisms of cell death and autophagy to recent advances in immunity and the uses of genomics for understanding, classifying and treating human cancers. Each of the reviews is authored by experts in their fields and our intention is to provide comprehensive updates in specific areas of pathology in which there has been considerable recent progress. Copyright © 2019 Pathological Society of Great Britain and Ireland. Published by John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
The role of trait emotional intelligence in quality of life, anxiety and depression symptoms after surgery for esophageal or gastric cancer: A French national database FREGAT
Authors: Baudry Anne‐Sophie , Anota Amelie , Mariette Christophe , Bonnetain Franck , Renaud Florence , Piessen Guillaume , Christophe Veronique ,   and the FREGAT Working Group
Published: February 2019

AbstractObjectiveThe main objective was to test the indirect effects of emotional competence (EC) after diagnosis (T1) on the health‐related quality of life (HRQoL) after surgery (T2) of esogastric cancer patients via fewer anxiety and depression symptoms (T2).MethodsData were collected from 30 French centers via the clinicobiological database French EsoGastric Tumors (FREGAT). Two hundred and twenty‐eight participants completed a self‐reported questionnaire at T1 and T2, assessing their EC (Profile of Emotional Competence (PEC)), HRQoL (EORTC Quality of Life Questionnaire‐Core (QLQ‐C30)), and anxiety and depression symptoms (Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS)). Regression analyses were used to test the direct effects of intrapersonal and interpersonal EC on their anxiety/depression symptoms and HRQoL at T1 and T2. The PROCESS Macro in SPPS v.22 with bootstrap methods was used to test the indirect effects of intrapersonal and interpersonal EC at T1 on HRQoL at T2 via anxiety and depression symptoms.ResultsEC predicted fewer anxiety and depression symptoms of patients at T1 and T2 and better HRQoL at T1. EC at T1 also predicted a better HRQoL at T2 via fewer anxiety and depression symptoms at T2.ConclusionsPatients who tended to use their EC in daily life could be more effective in regulating the emotional impact of the cancer diagnosis and surgery. This explains why they reported fewer anxiety and depression symptoms, which in turn enabled a better perceived HRQoL after surgery. Therefore, reinforcing the use of patients' EC in daily life following their diagnosis could decrease their emotional distress and, in this way, improve their HRQoL in the preoperative and postoperative stages.
Water and energy transfer modeling in a permafrost‐dominated, forested catchment of Central Siberia: The key role of rooting depth
Authors: Orgogozo Laurent , Prokushkin Anatoly S. , Pokrovsky Oleg S. , Grenier Christophe , Quintard Michel , Viers Jérôme , Audry Stéphane 
Published: February 2019

AbstractTo quantify the impact of evapotranspiration phenomena on active layer dynamics in a permafrost‐dominated forested watershed in Central Siberia, we performed a numerical cryohydrological study of water and energy transfer using a new open source cryohydrogeology simulator, with two innovative features: spatially distributed, mechanistic handling of evapotranspiration and inclusion of a numerical tool in a high‐ performance computing toolbox for numerical simulation of fluid dynamics, OpenFOAM. In this region, the heterogeneity of solar exposure leads to strong contrasts in vegetation cover, which constitutes the main source of variability in hydrological conditions at the landscape scale. The uncalibrated numerical results reproduce reasonably well the measured soil temperature profiles and the dynamics of infiltrated waters revealed by previous biogeochemical studies. The impacts of thermo‐hydrological processes on water fluxes from the soils to the stream are discussed through a comparison between numerical results and field data. The impact of evapotranspiration on water fluxes is studied numerically, and highlights a strong sensitivity to variability in rooting depth and corresponding evapotranspiration at slopes of different aspect in the catchment.
Design, synthesis, and bioactivities of tasiamide B derivatives as cathepsin D inhibitors
Authors: Li Zhi , Bao Keting , Xu Hao , Wu Ping , Li Wei , Liu Jian , Zhang Wei 
Published: February 2019

Cathepsin D (Cath D) is overexpressed and hypersecreted by malignant tumors and involved in the progress of tumor invasion, proliferation, metastasis, and apoptosis. Cath D has been considered as a potential target to treat cancer. Our previous studies revealed that tasiamide B derivatives TB‐9 and TB‐11 exhibited high potent inhibition against Cath D and other aspartic proteases, but their molecular weights are still high, and the role of each residue is unknown yet. Based on this, two series of tasiamide B derivatives have been designed, synthesized, and evaluated for their inhibitory activity against Cath D/Cath E/BACE1. Enzymatic assays revealed that the target compound 1 with lower molecule weight showed good inhibitory activity against Cath D with IC50 of 3.29 nM and satisfactory selectivity over Cath E (72‐fold) and BACE1 (295‐fold), which could be a valuable template for the design of highly potent and selective Cath D inhibitors.
Suppression of Propionibacterium acnes‐stimulated proinflammatory cytokines by Chinese bayberry extracts and its active constituent myricetin in human sebocytes in vitro
Authors: Chen Kuan‐Chun , Yang Chao‐Hsun , Li Ting‐Ting , Zouboulis Christos C. , Huang Yu‐Chun 
Published: February 2019

Myrica rubra Sieb. et Zucc. (Myricaceae), known as Chinese bayberry, is traditionally used as folk medicine in Asian countries. The interaction of Propionibacterium acnes signalling with sebocytes is considered important in the pathogenesis of acne. In the present study, extracts and active compounds of Chinese bayberry were used to determine chemical antioxidant activity and anti‐inflammatory effects in P. acnes‐stimulated human SZ95 sebocytes. A high‐performance liquid chromatography with electrochemical detection system was used to analyse the phenolic composition of bayberry extracts. Accordingly, the flavonols, myricitrin and myricetin, were found to be abundant in the unhydrolysed and hydrolysed extracts of Chinese bayberry fruits, respectively. The anthocyanin cyanidin‐3‐glucoside was also predominantly found in the unhydrolysed extracts. Quantification of human inflammatory cytokines indicated that cell‐free extracts of P. acnes stimulated IL‐8 and IL‐6 production, which was inhibited by myricetin, rather than its glycoside or anthocyanin. Myricetin also exhibited inhibitory effects in P. acnes‐stimulated gene expression of Toll‐like receptor (TLR) 2 and protein phosphorylation of p70 S6 kinase. In conclusion, myricetin shows a suppressive effect on P. acnes‐induced cytokine production through regulation of the TLR and mammalian target of rapamycin pathways. Myricetin goes beyond previous research findings to potentially modulate inflammatory signalling in human sebocytes. These results will be valuable in developing anti‐inflammatory agents against skin acne.
The effect of continuously updating control chart limits on control chart performance
Authors: Huberts Leo C.E. , Schoonhoven Marit , Does Ronald J.M.M. 
Published: February 2019

AbstractAn open topic within statistical process monitoring is the effect on control chart properties of updating the control chart limits during the monitoring period. The challenge is to use the correct data for updating the control limits as in‐control data could be incorrectly classified as out of control and therefore not used for re‐estimating the parameters, and out‐of‐control data could be classified as in control and therefore used for re‐estimating. In the present article, we study the effect of updating the Shewhart, cumulative sum, and exponentially weighted moving average control chart limits. We simulate different scenarios: the monitoring data could be in or out of control, and the practitioner may or may not be able to find out whether the process is indeed out of control when the control chart gives a signal. The results reveal that the variation in the performance of the conditional control charts decreases significantly as a result of updating the control chart limits when the updating data are in control and also when the updating data are out of control and the practitioner is able to classify correctly data samples that produce a signal. However, when a practitioner is not able to classify a signal correctly, the advisability of updating depends on the type of control chart and the level of data contamination.
The task demands‐resources method: A new approach to human reliability analysis from a psychological perspective
Authors: Wu Zekun , Pan Xing , Zhao Xianheng , Jiang Yuhang 
Published: February 2019

AbstractThis study proposes a new approach to human reliability analysis (HRA) by introducing the occupational stress model in human resources management. Most existing HRA methods are restricted to a given set of risk factors in the task context, which are often called performance shaping factors (PSFs), and they are built on the causal relationship between PSFs and human performance, with little concern for the psychological factors that drive human behavior. We argue that a well‐developed occupational stress model that incorporates comprehensive working conditions and focuses on psychological factors offers us a new perspective to evaluate human reliability. The proposed approach, namely, the task demands‐resources (TD‐R) method, considers that the PSFs, in the task context, can be categorized into two different groups: task demands and task resources. These two PSF groups can both motivate and stress the operators during the task, thereby influencing their performances. Based on the theoretical framework of the TD‐R method, we also designed a probabilistic model linking motivational intensity to human error probability (HEP) under different stress levels. A human reliability experiment has been conducted to validate the effectiveness and flexibility of the TD‐R method. The experiment results showed that the TD‐R method could produce a meaningful explanation for the operators' performances and provide a quantification result for HEP.
Simultaneous determination of three organotin pesticides in fruits and vegetables by high‐performance liquid chromatography/tandem mass spectrometry
Authors: Ma Youning , Chen Mingxue , Mou Renxiang , Cao Zhaoyun 
Published: February 2019

RationaleThe presence of organotins in the environment affects food safety, making it important to monitor the levels of organotin pesticides (OTPs) in fruit and vegetable samples.MethodsIn the present study, a simple and low cost method for simultaneous determination of three OTPs (azocyclotin, fenbutatin oxide and triphenyltin hydroxide) in vegetable and fruit samples was developed and validated, based on solid‐phase extraction and liquid chromatography/tandem mass spectrometry.ResultsExtraction with acetonitrile containing 0.2% formic acid positively affected the recoveries of the three OTPs. Moreover, the simultaneous purification of the three OTPs was the most efficient using mixed‐mode cation‐exchange cartridges and 5.0% ammonium hydroxide in methanol as eluent, and, in this case, mild matrix effects (−9.3% to 21.6%) were obtained for the three OTPs monitored. The developed method reached limits of quantification of 1 μg kg−1, and linearity was satisfactory, with correlation coefficients >0.995. A fortification study showed that when spiked at 1.0–50.0 μg kg−1 the mean trueness values were from 72.3 to 110.0% in all matrices (three vegetables and three fruits). The intra‐day precision was <14.1%, and the inter‐day precision (n = 11) was <18.2%.ConclusionsThe proposed method was successfully applied to the simultaneous analysis of three OTPs in vegetables and fruits.
The impact of intermediate‐head navigation locks on downstream fish passage
Authors: Vergeynst Jenna , Pauwels Ine , Baeyens Raf , Coeck Johan , Nopens Ingmar , De Mulder Tom , Mouton Ans 
Published: February 2019

AbstractNavigation in inland waterways is increasingly important worldwide and so is inherently the construction and use of navigation locks. However, the impact of navigation locks on downstream migrating fish is rarely documented. In Belgium, the Albert Canal connecting the Meuse River to the Scheldt Estuary may offer migration opportunities for European eel (Anguilla anguilla) and Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar), two critically endangered species. During their downstream migration phase (respectively silver eels and salmon smolts), both species have to pass five intermediate‐head navigation locks before reaching the estuary. Previous research showed that silver eel escapement is largely unsuccessful and that eels are delayed extensively at the navigation lock complexes. To get a better understanding of the mechanisms behind these failures and delays, we tagged and released 62 silver eels and 44 salmon smolts in the vicinity of one navigation lock complex of the canal. This paper reports the mechanisms behind the previously perceived delay, the route choices to pass the complex, and the risks involved. Of the 65% tagged eels and 73% tagged smolts that succeeded to pass the complex, respectively, 20% and 41% needed more than one trial to pass the complex. Moreover, 52% of all trials were via intakes of the lock filling system, at least four smolts (17%) died after intake passing, and about 30% of both intake‐passing smolts and eels stopped migrating after passage. Therefore, intermediate‐head navigation locks are a potential threat to downstream migrating fish, which requires more research to fully investigate its impact.
A Phase I Study to Assess the Safety and Cancer-Homing Ability of Allogeneic Bone Marrow-Derived Mesenchymal Stem Cells in Men with Localized Prostate Cancer
Authors: Schweizer Michael T. , Wang Hao , Bivalacqua Trinity J. , Partin Alan W. , Lim Su Jin , Chapman Carolyn , Abdallah Rehab , Levy Oren , Bhowmick Neil A. , Karp Jeffrey M. , De Marzo Angelo , Isaacs John T. , Brennen W. Nathaniel , Denmeade Samuel R. 
Published: February 2019

Abstract
Animal models show that systemically administered bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) home to sites of primary and metastatic prostate cancer (PC)—making them candidates to selectively deliver cytotoxic agents. To further assess this potential as a cell-based therapeutic vehicle, a phase I study testing homing of systemically infused allogeneic MSCs preprostatectomy was conducted. The primary objective was to assess safety and feasibility and to determine if MSCs accumulate within primary PC tissue. MSCs were quantified using beads, emulsion, amplification, magnetics digital polymerase chain reaction (limit of detection: ≥0.01% MSCs) to measure allogeneic MSC DNA relative to recipient DNA. MSCs were harvested from healthy donors and expanded ex vivo using standard protocols by the Johns Hopkins Cell Therapy Laboratory. PC patients planning to undergo prostatectomy were eligible for MSC infusion. Enrolled subjects received a single intravenous infusion 4–6 days prior to prostatectomy. The first three subjects received 1 x 106 cells per kilogram (maximum 1 x 108 cells), and subsequent four patients received 2 x 106 cells per kilogram (maximum 2 x 108 cells). No dose-limiting toxicities were observed and all patients underwent prostatectomy without delay. Pathologic assessment of prostate cores revealed ≥70% tumor involvement in cores from four subjects, with benign tissue in the others. MSCs were undetectable in all subjects, and the study was stopped early for futility. MSC infusions appear safe in PC patients. Although intended for eventual use in metastatic PC patients, in this study, MSCs did not home primary tumors in sufficient levels to warrant further development as a cell-based therapeutic delivery strategy using standard ex vivo expansion protocols. Stem Cells Translational Medicine 2019;8:441–449
Analysis of meanings of the concept of sustainability
Authors: Salas‐Zapata Walter Alfredo , Ortiz‐Muñoz Sara Milena 
Published: February 2019

AbstractThe ambiguity and polysemy of the concept of sustainability is a problem often faced by researchers. The existence of definitions that are not operative, diverse and sometimes contradictory represents a difficulty for the election of a suitable concept of sustainability. Even most of the research works whose title includes the term sustainability do not define what it is, which eventually, constitutes a methodological error. This leads the researchers to avoid defining sustainability, or to study it indirectly through the study of social and ecological variables of certain systems. The present work analysed the meanings conveyed by the concept of sustainability according to researchers. The uses that researchers make of the term sustainability were employed to reveal such meanings. Four uses were identified, which allowed the identification of four meanings of the concept of sustainability. This concluded that the meanings of the concept of sustainability are neither many nor as ambiguous as other authors point out, and that this classification of uses and meanings could be employed to avoid frequent errors made by researchers.
Self‐Assembly of Microparticles by Supramolecular Homopolymerization of One Component DNA Molecule
Authors: Zeng Jie , Fu Wenhao , Qi Zhenping , Zhu Qiushuang , He Huawei , Huang Chengzhi , Zuo Hua , Mao Chengde 
Published: February 2019

AbstractDNA is a superb molecule for self‐assembly of nanostructures. Often many DNA strands are required for the assembly of one DNA nanostructure. For lowering the cost of synthesizing DNA strands and facilitating the assembly process, it is highly desirable to use a minimal number of unique strands for potential technological applications. Herein, a strategy is reported to assemble a series of DNA microparticles (DNAµPs) from one component DNA strand. As a demonstration of the application of the resulting DNAµPs, the design and assembled DNAµPs are modified to carry additional single‐stranded tails on their surfaces. The modified DNAµPs can either capture other nucleic acids or display CpG motifs to stimulate immune responses.