bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Do adjectives exhaust the personality lexicon?
A psycholexical study of the Lithuanian language
Authors: Ivanova Ana , Gorbaniuk Oleg , Blėkaitytė Dovilė , Dovydaitytė Eglė , Čepulienė Austėja A. , Mastauskaitė Greta , Ramanauskas Rokas , Jurgelytė Ugnė , Slapšinskaitė Ringailė 
Published: January 2019

BackgroundThe psycholexical approach is based on the assumption that the most important individual differences that people can observe have been encoded into the natural language. Thus, by studying the structure of these lexicons, we are able to identify individual differences that are universal across cultures as well as dimensions that are unique to some of them. The aim of the study was to develop a psycholexical taxonomy of the Lithuanian language including different parts of speech.Participants and procedurethe authors analysed over 76,000 entries included in a dictionary of Lithuanian and identified 9625 person-descriptive terms: adjectives, attribute-nouns, type-nouns, and participles. The selected lexical material was classified by a team of six judges into 11 subcategories making up six higher-order categories. The authors performed the psychometric validity and consistency of the judges’ classification decisions.ResultsThe analysis of proportions between types of lexical units describing dispositional traits showed that nearly 20.00% of terms in the personality lexicon did not have an adjectival form and were expressed by means of other – morphemically non-redundant – parts of speech.ConclusionsThe present study points to the necessity of taking into account various parts of speech describing dispositional traits in order to avoid the error of reductionism; it also contributes to the debate on universals in personality description. The results of the study can be used to determine the structure of the description of individual differences for the Lithuanian personality lexicon, for type-nouns or attribute-nouns, and for non-dispositional categories, including emotions, social effects, and worldview.
Love attitudes, psychological femininity and masculinity, Machiavellianism, narcissism, and emotional intelligence of rejectors in close relationships
Authors: Mandal Eugenia , Latusek Anna 
Published: January 2019

BackgroundThe aim of the study was to determine the discrepancies between people who tend to abandon their partners in close relationships and people who are involved in long-term relationships in: love attitudes (Ludus – game playing love, Eros – passionate love, Storge – friendship love, Pragma – practical love, Mania – possessive love, Agape – altruistic love), psychological femininity and masculinity, Machiavellianism, narcissism, and emotional intelligence.Participants and procedureThe subjects included 60 adults who reject their partners in close relationships and a reference group of 60 adults who were involved in a close relationship. The participants had qualified as rejectors when they: described themselves as “rejectors”; declared that they were not in a romantic relationship or were in one that lasts no longer than one year, claimed that in their relationships history they had rejected their partners more often compared to when they had been rejected.
The measures were used: The Love Attitudes Scale, Sex Role Inventory, Narcissistic Personality Inventory, Test of Machiavellianism MACH IV, and Emotional Intelligence Questionnaire.ResultsThe results showed that rejecters score higher on Ludus and Pragma but lower on Agape and Eros, in comparison with participants from the reference group. There is correlation between masculinity and the number of partners who were rejected by rejecters.ConclusionsLove attitudes Ludus and Pragma predicted being a rejector in close relationships.
The mediation role of perceived social support in the relationship between interpersonal competence and self-esteem in married individuals
Authors: Baytemir Kemal , Demirtaş Ayşe Sibel , Yildiz Mehmet Ali 
Published: January 2019

BackgroundThe main purpose of this research is to examine the mediation role of perceived social support in the relationship between interpersonal competence and self-esteem in married individuals.Participants and procedureThe study group of the research consisted of a total of 237 married individuals, 117 females and 120 males aged from 18 to 65. The mean age of participants in the study was 39.34 (SD = 9.48). In order to gather data Interpersonal Competence Scale, Multidimensional Perceived Social Support Scale and Rosenberg Self-Esteem Scale were used as measures.ResultsAccording to the results of this study, interpersonal competence predicts perceived social support and self-esteem, and perceived social support predicts self-esteem. Perceived social support, which is the main focus of the research, plays a partial mediation role in the relationship between interpersonal competence and self-esteem.ConclusionsWe think that when married individuals increase their interpersonal competencies they feel that they are able to communicate more effectively. A married individual who is able to build close relationships with family and friends, and who perceives support, will feel that they are not alone so they consider themselves as a person of worth and their self-esteem will increase.
Levels of personality organization and internal relational patterns
Authors: Soroko Emilia , Cierpiałkowska Lidia 
Published: January 2019

BackgroundThis study aimed to determine whether level of personality organization is associated with a relational pattern present in an autobiographical narrative about an important interpersonal relationship. The main goals were to explore whether and how the components of the internal relationship pattern, and whether and how the configurations of the components, are related to personality organization, when integrated personality organization (IPO) is taken into account.Participants and procedureAssessment of the relational patterns was based on the Core Conflictual Relationship Theme (CCRT) – wishes (WS), responses from others (RO), and responses of the self (RS) – as identified from participants’ self-narratives about important relationships (N = 90).ResultsOne-way analysis of variance revealed significant differences between groups with different levels of personality organization, according to one wish of self (WS2 To oppose, hurt, control), five responses of others (RO4 Bad; RO5 Rejecting; RO6 Helpful; RO7 Likes me; RO8 Understanding), and three responses of self (RS1 Helpful; RS4 Oppose and hurt others; RS8 Anxious). Considering the configurations of WS + RO + RS, the results indicate that in the borderline personality organization (BPO) group, the WS Libidinal + RO Frustrating + RS Negative pattern is most prevalent, while in the neurotic personality organization (NPO) and IPO groups, the WS Libidinal + RO Fulfilling + RS Negative and the WS Libidinal + RO Fulfilling + RS Positive configurations are most frequent.ConclusionsThe study supports the thesis that component relationship patterns and their configurations might be related to personality organization. The main differences were found between BPO and IPO with NPO placed between them, in a way congruent with Kernberg’s theory.
Patterns of intentional faking in questionnaire-based study of psychopathy
Authors: Groth Jarosław , Kleka Paweł 
Published: January 2019

BackgroundThe aim of the study was to identify the patterns of two types of faking the results of a self-report study – faking good and faking bad – and to determine their relationships with the images obtained as a result of completing a questionnaire in accordance with the standard instructions and therefore regarded as subjectively true. We investigated faking resulting from a short-term attitude stemming from the presence of a particular theme in the context of the items of a questionnaire assessing psychopathic personality.Participants and procedureThe results were collected in a population of participants (N = 173) of full legal age and without a criminal record. To examine the research problem, we used cluster analysis and Pearson’s r correlation coefficient. Calculations were performed in the R environment. The division of participants into homogeneous groups was based on the criterion of optimal breadth of the Silhouette index in accordance with the Partitioning Around Medoids (PAM) method.ResultsFive separate patterns of faking good and three patterns of faking bad during self-report assessment were distinguished. Intergroup differences in traits and behaviors characteristic of psychopathy in the groups distinguished based on the pattern of faking bad were not found.ConclusionsIt can be concluded that the levels of traits and behavior patterns defining psychopathic personality are related to a particular profile produced as a result of faking good. The present study does not show the existence of a relationship between the level of psychopathy and any particular strategy of presenting oneself in a worse light.
Quantification and evaluation of atmospheric pollutant emissions from open biomass burning with multiple methods: a case study for the Yangtze River Delta region, China
Authors: Yang Yang , Zhao Yu 
Published: January 2019

Abstract. Air pollutant emissions from open biomass burning (OBB) in the
Yangtze River Delta (YRD) were estimated for 2005–2015 using three
(traditional bottom-up, fire radiative power (FRP), and constraining)
approaches, and the differences among those methods and their sources were
analyzed. The species included PM10, PM2.5, organic carbon (OC),
elemental carbon (EC), CH4, non-methane volatile organic compounds
(NMVOCs), CO, CO2, NOx, SO2 and NH3.
The interannual trends in emissions with FRP-based and constraining methods
were similar to the fire counts in 2005–2012, while those with the
traditional method were not. For most years, emissions of all species
estimated with the constraining method were smaller than those with the
traditional method except for NMVOCs, while they were larger than those with
the FRP-based method except for EC, CH4 and NH3. Such
discrepancies result mainly from different masses of crop residue burned in
the field (CRBF) estimated in the three methods. Chemistry transport modeling
(CTM) was applied using the three OBB inventories. The simulated PM10
concentrations with constrained emissions were closest to the available
observations, implying that the constraining method provided the best
emission estimates. CO emissions in the three methods were compared with
other studies. Similar temporal variations were found for the constrained
emissions, FRP-based emissions, GFASv1.0 and GFEDv4.1s, with the largest and
the lowest emissions estimated for 2012 and 2006, respectively. The temporal
variations in the emissions based on the traditional method, GFEDv3.0, and
the method of Xia et al. (2016) were different. The constrained CO emissions
in this study were commonly smaller than those based on the traditional
bottom-up method and larger than those based on burned area or FRP in other
studies. In particular, the constrained emissions were close to GFEDv4.1s
that contained emissions from small fires. The contributions of OBB to two
particulate pollution events in 2010 and 2012 were analyzed with the
brute-force method. Attributed to varied OBB emissions and meteorology, the
average contribution of OBB to PM10 concentrations in 8–14 June 2012
was estimated at 37.6 % (56.7 µg m−3), larger than that
in 17–24 June 2010 at 21.8 % (24.0 µg m−3). Influences
of diurnal curves of OBB emissions and meteorology on air pollution caused by
OBB were evaluated by designing simulation scenarios, and the results
suggested that air pollution caused by OBB would become heavier if the
meteorological conditions were unfavorable and that more attention should be
paid to the OBB control at night. Quantified with Monte Carlo simulation, the
uncertainty of the traditional bottom-up inventory was smaller than that of
the FRP-based one. The percentages of CRBF and emission factors were the main
source of uncertainty for the two approaches. Further improvement on CTM for
OBB events would help better constrain OBB emissions.
Two multi-temporal datasets that track the enhanced landsliding after the 2008 Wenchuan earthquake
Authors: Fan Xuanmei , Scaringi Gianvito , Domènech Guillem , Yang Fan , Guo Xiaojun , Dai Lanxin , He Chaoyang , Xu Qiang , Huang Runqiu 
Published: January 2019

Abstract. We release two datasets that track the enhanced landsliding induced by the
2008 Mw 7.9 Wenchuan earthquake over a portion of the Longmen
Mountains, at the eastern margin of the Tibetan Plateau (Sichuan, China). The
first dataset is a geo-referenced multi-temporal polygon-based inventory of
pre- and coseismic landslides, post-seismic remobilisations of coseismic
landslide debris and post-seismic landslides (new failures). It covers
471 km2 in the earthquake's epicentral area, from 2005 to 2018. The
second dataset records the debris flows that occurred from 2008 to 2017 in a
larger area (∼17 000 km2), together with information on their
triggering rainfall as recorded by a network of rain gauges. For some
well-monitored events, we provide more detailed data on rainfall, discharge,
flow depth and density. The datasets can be used to analyse, on various
scales, the patterns of landsliding caused by the earthquake. They can be
compared to inventories of landslides triggered by past or new earthquakes or
by other triggers to reveal common or distinctive controlling factors. To our
knowledge, no other inventories that track the temporal evolution of
earthquake-induced mass wasting have been made freely available thus far. Our
datasets can be accessed from https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.1405489.
We also encourage other researchers to share their datasets to facilitate
research on post-seismic geological hazards.
Bodies of Color, Bodies of Sorrow: On Resistant Sorrow, Aesthetic Unsettlement, and Becoming-With
Authors: Ortega Mariana 
Published: January 2019

AbstractThis article discusses sorrow in terms of its resistant possibilities. It describes bodies of color as ontological sites of sorrow in the context of racism and xenophobia. This sorrow, however, does not condemn these bodies to hopelessness and erasure. Rather, it may constitute a rupture with a present that fails to acknowledge racist and xenophobic practices. In addition, it connects sorrow to the kind of melancholia that bodies of color experience given their being-in-worlds that consider them unwanted, unworthy, and disposable. By way of photographic analysis, this article also presents the notion of aesthetic unsettlement in order to point to coalitional possibilities across experiences and histories of woundedness, melancholia, and sorrow.
Adaptation in Natural and Artificial Systems
Authors: Holland John H. 
Published: January 2019

Genetic algorithms are playing an increasingly important role in studies of complex adaptive systems, ranging from adaptive agents in economic theory to the use of machine learning techniques in the design of complex devices such as aircraft turbines and integrated circuits. Adaptation in Natural and Artificial Systems is the book that initiated this field of study, presenting the theoretical foundations and exploring applications.
In its most familiar form, adaptation is a biological process, whereby organisms evolve by rearranging genetic material to survive in environments confronting them. In this now classic work, Holland presents a mathematical model that allows for the nonlinearity of such complex interactions. He demonstrates the model's universality by applying it to economics, physiological psychology, game theory, and artificial intelligence and then outlines the way in which this approach modifies the traditional views of mathematical genetics.
Initially applying his concepts to simply defined artificial systems with limited numbers of parameters, Holland goes on to explore their use in the study of a wide range of complex, naturally occuring processes, concentrating on systems having multiple factors that interact in nonlinear ways. Along the way he accounts for major effects of coadaptation and coevolution: the emergence of building blocks, or schemata, that are recombined and passed on to succeeding generations to provide, innovations and improvements.
Bradford Books imprint
The Dynamic Neuron
Authors: Smythies John 
Published: January 2019

A comprehensive review of current research on synaptic plasticity.
The traditional model of synapses as fixed structures has been replaced by a dynamic one in which synapses are constantly being deleted and replaced. This book, written by a leading researcher on the neurochemistry of schizophrenia, integrates material from neuroscience and cell biology to provide a comprehensive account of our current knowledge of the neurochemical basis of synaptic plasticity.
The book presents the evidence for synaptic plasticity, an account of the dendritic spine and the glutamate synapse with a focus on redox mechanisms, and the biochemical basis of the Hebbian synapse. It discusses the role of endocytosis, special proteins, and local protein synthesis. Additional topics include volume transmission, arachidonic acid signaling, hormonal modulation, and psychological stress. Finally, the book considers pharmacological and clinical implications of current research, particularly with reference to schizophrenia and Alzheimer's disease.
Bradford Books imprint
Interconnecting the Network of Networks
Authors: Noam Eli M. 
Published: January 2019

This book describes the transformation of telecommunications from national network monopolies to a new system, the "network of networks," and the glue that holds it together, interconnection. By their very nature, monopoly-owned networks provided a small number of standardized, nationwide services. Over the past two decades, however, new forces in the world economy began to unravel this traditional system. The driving force behind the change was the shift toward an information-based economy. Especially for large organizations, the price, control, security, and reliability of telecommunications became variables requiring organized attention. Thus, monopoly began to give way to the "network of networks," the foundation of today's telecommunications and Internet infrastructure.
Taking a broad, multidisciplinary perspective Eli Noam discusses the importance and history of interconnection policy, as well as recent policy reforms both within the United States and around the globe. Other important topics he discusses include interconnection prices, the unbundling of interconnection, and the technology of interconnection. He concludes with an examination of social and policy issues, including the free flow of content, universal service and privacy protection, and the future of telecommunications.
Mechanizing Proof
Authors: MacKenzie Donald 
Published: January 2019

Most aspects of our private and social lives—our safety, the integrity of the financial system, the functioning of utilities and other services, and national security—now depend on computing. But how can we know that this computing is trustworthy? In Mechanizing Proof, Donald MacKenzie addresses this key issue by investigating the interrelations of computing, risk, and mathematical proof over the last half century from the perspectives of history and sociology. His discussion draws on the technical literature of computer science and artificial intelligence and on extensive interviews with participants.
MacKenzie argues that our culture now contains two ideals of proof: proof as traditionally conducted by human mathematicians, and formal, mechanized proof. He describes the systems constructed by those committed to the latter ideal and the many questions those systems raise about the nature of proof. He looks at the primary social influence on the development of automated proof—the need to predict the behavior of the computer systems upon which human life and security depend—and explores the involvement of powerful organizations such as the National Security Agency. He concludes that in mechanizing proof, and in pursuing dependable computer systems, we do not obviate the need for trust in our collective human judgment.
Cyberpolitics in International Relations
Authors: Choucri Nazli 
Published: January 2019

An examination of the ways cyberspace is changing both the theory and the practice of international relations.
Cyberspace is widely acknowledged as a fundamental fact of daily life in today's world. Until recently, its political impact was thought to be a matter of low politics—background conditions and routine processes and decisions. Now, however, experts have begun to recognize its effect on high politics—national security, core institutions, and critical decision processes. In this book, Nazli Choucri investigates the implications of this new cyberpolitical reality for international relations theory, policy, and practice.
The ubiquity, fluidity, and anonymity of cyberspace have already challenged such concepts as leverage and influence, national security and diplomacy, and borders and boundaries in the traditionally state-centric arena of international relations. Choucri grapples with fundamental questions of how we can take explicit account of cyberspace in the analysis of world politics and how we can integrate the traditional international system with its cyber venues.
After establishing the theoretical and empirical terrain, Choucri examines modes of cyber conflict and cyber cooperation in international relations; the potential for the gradual convergence of cyberspace and sustainability, in both substantive and policy terms; and the emergent synergy of cyberspace and international efforts toward sustainable development. Choucri's discussion is theoretically driven and empirically grounded, drawing on recent data and analyzing the dynamics of cyberpolitics at individual, state, international, and global levels.
Race and Entrepreneurial Success
Authors: Fairlie Robert W. , Robb Alicia M. 
Published: January 2019

A comprehensive analysis of racial disparities and the determinants of entrepreneurial performance—in particular, why Asian-owned businesses on average perform relatively well and why black-owned businesses typically do not.
Thirteen million people in the United States—roughly one in ten workers—own a business. And yet rates of business ownership among African Americans are much lower and have been so throughout the twentieth century. In addition, and perhaps more importantly, businesses owned by African Americans tend to have lower sales, fewer employees and smaller payrolls, lower profits, and higher closure rates. In contrast, Asian American-owned businesses tend to be more successful. In Race and Entrepreneurial Success, minority entrepreneurship authorities Robert Fairlie and Alicia Robb examine racial disparities in business performance. Drawing on the rarely used, restricted-access Characteristics of Business Owners (CBO) dataset compiled by the U.S. Census Bureau, Fairlie and Robb examine in particular why Asian-owned firms perform well in comparison to white-owned businesses and black-owned firms typically do not. They also explore the broader question of why some entrepreneurs are successful and others are not. After providing new comprehensive estimates of recent trends in minority business ownership and performance, the authors examine the importance of human capital, financial capital, and family business background in successful business ownership. They find that a high level of startup capital is the most important factor contributing to the success of Asian-owned businesses, and that the lack of startup money for black businesses (attributable to the fact that nearly half of all black families have less than $6,000 in total wealth) contributes to their relative lack of success. In addition, higher education levels among Asian business owners explain much of their success relative to both white- and African American-owned businesses. Finally, Fairlie and Robb find that black entrepreneurs have fewer opportunities than white entrepreneurs to acquire valuable pre-business work experience through working in family businesses.