bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A single factor induces neuronal differentiation to suppress glioma cell growth
Authors: Fu Ji‐Qiang , Chen Zhen , Hu Yong‐Jia , Fan Zhao‐Huan , Guo Zhen‐Xing , Liang Jin‐Ye , Ryu Bo‐Mi , Ren Jian‐Lin , Shi Xiu‐Juan , Li Jiao , Jia Song , Wang Juan , Ke Xiao‐Si , Ma Xin , Tan Xiao , Zhang Ting , Chen Xian‐Zhen , Zhang Chen 
Published: September 2018

SummaryAimGlioma, with fast growth and progression features, is the most common and aggressive tumor in the central nervous system and is essentially incurable. This study is aimed at inducing neuronal differentiation to suppress glioma cell growth with a single transcription factor.MethodsOverexpression of transcription factor SRY (sex determining region Y)‐box 11 (SOX11) and Zic family member 1 (ZIC1) was, respectively, performed in glioma cells with lentivirus infection. CRISPR/Cas9 technology was used to knock out ZIC1 in U87 cells, and knockout efficiency was identified by Western blotting and Sanger sequencing. Cell cycle and apoptosis were detected by flow cytometry. The downstream targets of SOX11 were analyzed by Affymetrix GeneChip microarrays. qRT‐PCR and immunofluorescence technique were used to verify gene targets of genetically modified U87 cells. All the cells were imaged by a fluorescence microscope. Gene expression correlation analysis and overall survival analysis based on TCGA dataset are performed by GEPIA.ResultsWe induced glioma cells into neuron‐like cells to suppress cell growth using a single transcription factor, SOX11 or ZIC1. Besides, we proved that there is a strong correlation between SOX11 and ZIC1. Our study revealed that SOX11 upregulates ZIC1 expression by binding with ZIC1 promoter, and ZIC1 partially mediates SOX11‐induced neuronal differentiation in U87 cells. However, SOX11 expression is not regulated by ZIC1. Moreover, high MAP2 expression means better overall survival in TCGA lower grade glioma.ConclusionThis study revealed that glioma cells can be reprogrammed into neuron‐like cells using a single factor ZIC1, which may be a potential tumor suppressor gene for gliomas treatment.
Chronic immunosuppressant use in colorectal cancer patients worsens postoperative morbidity and mortality through septic complications in a propensity‐matched analysis
Authors: Sims S. M. , Kao A. M. , Spaniolas K. , Celio A. C. , Sippey M. , Heniford B. T. , Kasten K. R. 
Published: September 2018

AbstractAimChronic immunosuppressant use increases the risk of septic complications after colectomy; however, adverse effects on other organ systems remain poorly understood. The aim of this study was to evaluate the multisystem organ effect(s) of chronic immunosuppressant(s) in colorectal cancer patients.MethodsThis was a retrospective study. The American College of Surgeons National Surgical Quality Improvement database (2005–2012) was queried. The primary end‐points were 30‐day mortality and 30‐day morbidity after colectomy in patients on chronic immunosuppressant(s) compared to a non‐immunosuppressant cohort.ResultsIn total, 50 766 patients were identified, with 1203 (2.4%) taking chronic immunosuppressant(s). After propensity matching, 1197 patients in each cohort were evaluated with no differences seen in age, body mass index, male sex, wound classification, emergency case status, the presence of preoperative sepsis or operative time. On outcome analysis, 30‐day mortality (5.7% vs 3.4%, P < 0.001) and 30‐day overall morbidity (35.4% vs 29.0%, P = 0.001) were higher in patients on chronic immunosuppressant(s). Septic complications (10.6% vs 7.9%, P = 0.02) and surgical site infections (15.3% vs 12.3%, P = 0.03) were elevated with chronic immunosuppressant(s). There were no differences in cardiovascular, pulmonary, renal or neurological complications. Chronic immunosuppressant patients demonstrated longer total hospital stay (11.4 ± 11.7 vs 9.5 ± 9.4 days, P < 0.001) and postoperative length of stay (9.4 ± 9.2 vs 8.1 ± 7.6 days, P < 0.001). The limitation was that this was a retrospective study using a clinical dataset.ConclusionIn this study, immunosuppressant use is associated with worsened infective complications, without contributing to organ‐specific complications following colectomy. Significant thought should be given to anastomosis vs stoma creation to possibly prevent worsened morbidity and mortality. Future study is required to determine specific pathways for risk reduction.
The association between Cytomegalovirus co‐infection with Pneumocystis pneumonia and mortality in immunocompromised non‐HIV patients
Authors: Korkmaz Ekren Pervin , Töreyin Zehra Nur , Nahid Payam , Doskaya Mert , Caner Ayse , Turgay Nevin , Zeytinoglu Aysin , Toz Seray , Bacakoglu Feza , Guruz Yuksel , Erensoy Selda 
Published: September 2018

AbstractIntroductionImpact of Cytomegalovirus (CMV) co‐infection pneumonia in non‐HIV patients with Pneumocystis jirovecii pneumonia (PCP) is unclear.ObjectivesThe aim of our study was to determine whether CMV co‐infection is associated with an increased risk of mortality.MethodsOur study was conducted at Ege University Hospital, Turkey. We used molecular assays to diagnose Pneumocystis jirovecii in respiratory samples, and CMV in both respiratory and blood samples. We compared morbidity and mortality stratified by CMV co‐infection status.ResultsBetween 2009 and 2015, 43 patients (mean age: 56.7 ± 15.3 years) were diagnosed with PCP. Only 3 of 43 patients had received PCP prophylaxis. We microbiologically confirmed CMV co‐infection in 28 of 43 (65.1%) patients. Acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) and requirement of mechanical ventilation were more common in the CMV co‐infection group (P = .019 and P = .031 respectively), and duration of intensive care unit was also longer (P = .006). In univariate analyses, mortality at 30 days was higher in the CMV co‐infection group as compared to the group with PCP alone (78.6% and 46.7% respectively; P = .046). In multivariate analyses, mortality was independently associated only with the presence of ARDS [OR: 6.22 95% CI 1.3‐29.32] and the association with CMV co‐infection was no longer significant [OR: 2.6 95% CI 0.49‐13.72, P = .257].ConclusionThe risk of mortality appears to be increased in the setting of CMV and PCP co‐infection in HIV‐uninfected immunocompromised patients. PCP prophylaxis use was lower than expected, suggesting low physician awareness of the risks of PCP in this population.
The use of cytological material in melanoma for programmed death ligand 1 immunostaining
Authors: Bashover Eva , Arriola Aileen Grace , Joseph Cicily T. , Staerkel Gregg , Wang Wei‐Lien Billy , Roy‐Chowdhuri Sinchita 
Published: September 2018

ObjectiveInterest in immune therapies has exploded since the 2014 approval of first‐generation programmed cell death 1 blocking antibodies for use in advanced melanoma. Clinical trials have focused primarily on histological material as the gold standard for evaluating programmed death ligand 1 (PD‐L1) by immunoperoxidase (IPOX) studies. Studies validating the use of cytological specimens in the assessment of PD‐L1 by IPOX staining are needed to optimise tissue utilisation in complementary diagnostic testing.MethodsTwenty‐three melanoma surgical biopsies (SBx) with an IPOX stain for PD‐L1 clone 28‐8, and a corresponding cytological specimen from the same patient, adequate for PD‐L1 evaluation, were selected. Cell‐transfer cell blocks (CBs) and conventional CBs were used to perform PD‐L1 testing. Tumour proportion scores (TPS) were generated and the results were correlated with the corresponding SBx.ResultsOverall agreement (OA) using a ≥1% TPS cut‐off for SBx compared to CB was 88.9%, positive percent agreement (PPA) was 87.5%, and negative percent agreement (NPA) was 100%, OA using a ≥5% TPS cut‐off was 55.6%, PPA was 42.9%, and NPA was 100%. SBx compared to cell‐transfer CB using a ≥1% TPS cut‐off had an OA of 65.2%, a PPA of 55.6%, and a NPA of 100%, while a ≥5% TPS cut‐off generated an OA of 52.2%, a PPA of 35.7%, and a NPA of 77.8%.ConclusionOur results demonstrate that cytological material, particularly conventional CB, is a viable alternative for evaluating PD‐L1 in melanoma cases and suggest that a lower threshold (≥1%) may be beneficial when evaluating cytological material.
Are thyroid nodules with spongiform morphology always benign?
Authors: Aydoğan Berna İmge , Ceyhan Koray , Şahin Mustafa , Çorapçıoğlu Demet 
Published: September 2018

ObjectiveFine needle aspiration (FNA) biopsy for evaluation of spongiform nodules ≥20 mm or observation without FNA was recommended by American Thyroid Association. However, this was a weak recommendation supported by moderate quality evidence. We aimed to assess malignancy risk in spongiform nodules.MethodsFrom January 2015 to June 2016, an experienced endocrinologist performed B‐mode greyscale ultrasonography and observed 96 spongiform nodules among 3748 ultrasound procedures. Power Doppler ultrasonography and ultrasound‐guided FNA were performed to 96 spongiform nodules. Both colour elastography and strain ratio measurements of dominantly solid areas were performed.ResultsAll spongiform nodules had benign cytology. Fifty‐two (54.2%) nodules were ≥20 mm and 44 (45.8%) were smaller than 20 mm in maximum diameter. Presence of ultrasonography features related to malignancy was rare; 2% (n = 2) microcalcification, 9.4% (n = 9) taller than wide shape and 2% (n = 2) marked central blood flow were noted. None of the nodules had two or more suspicious features. Ultrasound elastography findings revealed that dominantly solid components of nodules were usually soft as 66.7% had an elasticity score 1 according to colour scale and mean strain ratio was 1.39 ± 0.99.ConclusionsFollow‐up with ultrasonography seems to be an efficacious method even for spongiform nodules larger than 2 cm. Determination of soft appearance according to colour map on ultrasound elastography and low strain ratio values of dominantly solid areas may be useful to avoid unnecessary biopsies.
Physical symptom complaints, cognitive emotion regulation strategies, self‐compassion and diabetes distress among adults with Type 2 diabetes
Authors: Kane N. S. , Hoogendoorn C. J. , Tanenbaum M. L. , Gonzalez J. S. 
Published: September 2018

AbstractAimsDiabetes‐related distress is common among adults with Type 2 diabetes and is consistently associated with poorer self‐management and treatment outcomes. However, little is known about the psychological factors that may contribute to or protect against diabetes distress. This study examined illness burden, and positive and negative ways of thinking and relating to oneself in times of stress, as independent correlates of diabetes distress, cross sectionally and longitudinally.MethodA total of 120 adults treated for Type 2 diabetes reported their physical symptom complaints, cognitive emotion regulation, self‐compassion and diabetes distress at baseline; 110 completed a 3‐month follow‐up assessment of diabetes distress. Pearson correlations and multivariable linear regression tested baseline and longitudinal relationships.ResultsBaseline diabetes distress was associated with greater use of negative cognitive emotion regulation strategies (r = 0.43, P < 0.01), greater tendency towards self‐criticism, self‐judgement and over‐identification (r = 0.37, P < 0.01), and greater physical symptom burden (r = 0.50, P < 0.01). Baseline physical symptoms and negative cognitive emotion regulation were independently associated with baseline diabetes distress. Baseline physical symptoms and negative aspects of self‐compassion significantly predicted diabetes distress over 3 months. Positive aspects of cognitive emotion regulation and self‐compassion were not independently associated with diabetes distress cross sectionally or longitudinally.ConclusionGreater symptom burden along with the use of negative cognitive emotion regulation and negative aspects of self‐compassion were independently associated with diabetes distress. If these relations are explained by causal influence, these modifiable factors could be fruitful targets for intervention research.
Isolation and characterization of α‐(1→3)‐glucan‐degrading bacteria from the gut of Diaperis boleti feeding on Laetiporus sulphureus
Authors: Wiater Adrian , PleszczyŃska Małgorzata , Pietrykowska‐Tudruj Ewa , Janczarek Monika , Staniec Bernard , Szczodrak Janusz 
Published: September 2018

AbstractBacteria degrading α‐(1→3)‐glucan were sought in the gut of fungivorous insects feeding on fruiting bodies of a polypore fungus Laetiporus sulphureus, which are rich in this polymer. One isolate, from Diaperis boleti, was selected in an enrichment culture in the glucan‐containing medium. The bacterium was identified as Paenibacillus sp. based on the results of the ribosomal DNA analysis. The Paenibacillus showed enzyme activity of 4.97 mU/cm3 and effectively degraded fungal α‐(1→3)‐glucan, releasing nigerooligosaccharides and a trace amount of glucose. This strain is the first reported α‐(1→3)‐glucan‐degrading microorganism in the gut microbiome of insects inhabiting fruiting bodies of polypore fungi.
Target information asymmetry and takeover strategy: Insights from a new perspective
Authors: Borochin Paul , Ghosh Chinmoy , Huang Di 
Published: September 2018

AbstractWe examine the relation between information asymmetry and firm value around a merger and acquisition (M&A). Owing to the due diligence and intense scrutiny around M&A announcements, acquisitions are significant shocks to a target's information asymmetry. We find that M&A announcement‐period wealth gains are significantly related to a target's information asymmetry and the relationship is concentrated in same‐state or same‐industry mergers. Our difference‐in‐difference analysis shows that the wealth effects become weaker when the overall information environment improves. Furthermore, we document that information asymmetry is an important factor in target selection and the likelihood of diversifying deals, deal size, and deal closure time.
How does it feel to be a problem? Patients’ experiences of self‐management support in New Zealand and Canada
Authors: Sheridan Nicolette F. , Kenealy Timothy W. , Fitzgerald Anita C. , Kuluski Kerry , Dunham Annette , McKillop Ann M. , Peckham Allie , Gill Ashlinder 
Published: September 2018

AbstractBackgroundThe impact of long‐term conditions is the “healthcare equivalent to climate change.” People with long‐term conditions often feel they are a problem, a burden to themselves, their family and friends. Providers struggle to support patients to self‐manage. The Practical Reviews in Self‐Management Support (PRISMS) taxonomy lists what provider actions might support patient self‐management.ObjectiveTo offer providers advice on how to support patient self‐management.DesignSemi‐structured interviews with 40 patient‐participants.Setting and participantsThree case studies of primary health‐care organizations in New Zealand and Canada serving diverse populations. Participants were older adults with long‐term conditions who needed support to live in the community.Main outcome measuresQualitative description to classify patient narratives of self‐management support according to the PRISMS taxonomy with thematic analysis to explore how support was acceptable and effective.ResultsPatients identified a relationship‐in‐action as the mechanism, the how by which providers supported them to self‐manage. When providers acted upon knowledge of patient lives and priorities, these patients were often willing to try activities or medications they had resisted in the past. Effective self‐management support saw PRISMS components delivered in patient‐specific combinations by individual providers or teams.Discussion and conclusionsProviders who establish relationships with patients can support them to self‐manage and improve health outcomes. Delivery of taxonomy components, in the absence of a relationship, is unlikely to be either acceptable or effective. Providers need to be aware that social determinants of health can constrain patients’ options to self‐manage.
What's the problem with patient experience feedback? A macro and micro understanding, based on findings from a three‐site UK qualitative study
Authors: Sheard Laura , Peacock Rosemary , Marsh Claire , Lawton Rebecca 
Published: September 2018

AbstractContextCollecting feedback from patients about their experiences of health care is an important activity. However, improvement based on this feedback rarely materializes. In this study, we focus on answering the question—“what is impeding the use of patient experience feedback?”MethodsWe conducted a qualitative study in 2016 across three NHS hospital Trusts in the North of England. Focus groups were undertaken with ward‐based staff, and hospital managers were interviewed in‐depth (50 participants). We conducted a conceptual‐level analysis.FindingsOn a macro level, we found that the intense focus on the collection of patient experience feedback has developed into its own self‐perpetuating industry with a significant allocation of resource, effort and time being expended on this task. This is often at the expense of pan‐organizational learning or improvements being made. On a micro level, ward staff struggled to interact with feedback due to its complexity with questions raised about the value, validity and timeliness of data sources.ConclusionsMacro and micro prohibiting factors come together in a perfect storm which provides a substantial impediment to improvements being made. Recommendations for policy change are put forward alongside recognition that high‐level organizational culture/systems are currently too sluggish to allow fruitful learning and action to occur from the feedback that patients give.
Direct and transdentinal biostimulatory effects of grape seed extract rich in proanthocyanidin on pulp cells
Authors: dos Santos A. F. , Pacheco J. M. , Silva P. A. O. , Bedran‐Russo A. K. , Rezende T. M. B. , Pereira P. N. R. , Ribeiro A. P. D. 
Published: September 2018

AbstractAimTo evaluate the potential biostimulatory effects of grape seed extract (GSE) on a primary culture of human pulp cells.MethodologyHuman molars were used to obtain the primary pulp cell culture and 0.5‐mm dentine discs. For GSE direct exposure, dose–response (0.0065–6.5%) and time response (1–60 min of contact) were examined. For transdentinal exposure, 0.65% of GSE was tested for 24 h. Cellular metabolism, nitric oxide and collagen production, and cell morphology alterations were assessed at periods of 24 and 72 h. After cell differentiation and direct exposure to GSE, the total protein production (TP), alkaline phosphatase activity (ALP) and formation of mineralization nodules (MN) were assessed. The results were analysed by parametric tests or non‐parametric tests (α = 0.05).ResultsThe lower concentration of GSE tested (0.0065%) was associated with an increase in cellular metabolism, a reduction in the production of nitric oxide and an increase in extracellular matrix synthesis (collagen). Distinct behaviours were observed for the different concentrations, without a reduction of cellular metabolism >10% compared with the control, either when applied directly or transdentinally. SEM revealed no significant change in cell morphology, except for the positive control (H2O2). There was no difference in TP, ALP or MN between the control group and the group exposed to GSE.ConclusionsTreatment with grape seed extract, even at the highest concentration and longest period, caused neither direct nor transdentinal cytotoxic effects on human pulp cells. Grape seed extract components may play a biostimulatory role and protect dental pulp cells when in direct contact.
Shifting styles: Do auditor performance levels influence the review process?
Authors: Gimbar Christine , Jenkins J. Gregory , Saucedo Gabriel , Wright Nicole S. 
Published: September 2018

We examine communication behaviors during the audit review process using a survey of audit partners, managers, and in‐charge/senior associates from each Big 4 accounting firm and one international accounting firm. We inquire about reviewers' preferred communication style when discussing review notes with preparers of varying performance levels, their likelihood of taking over the audit work of preparers due to either a lack of a response or an inappropriate response to a review note, and their propensity to self‐correct preparers' documentation along with the reasons for doing so instead of leaving a review note. Consistent with expectations, results indicate that reviewers are more likely to discuss review notes face to face with below‐average‐performing subordinates than with above‐average‐performing subordinates, and instead use alternative forms of communication with above‐average performers. Further, we find that reviewers self‐correct and/or update documentation themselves more frequently for below‐average subordinates than for above‐average subordinates. Supplemental analysis reveals that reviewers are likely to revise the work of subordinates, whether below average or above average, for a variety of reasons, including ease of doing so, efficiency, and pending deadlines.
Measuring responsible financial consumption behaviour
Authors: Barbić Dajana , Lučić Andrea , Chen James Ming 
Published: September 2018

AbstractSound consumption decisions determine individuals’ well‐being; responsible financial consumption behaviour (RFCB) affects not only their finances but also their societal status and emotional state. The failure to manage personal finances responsibly may result in serious long‐term consequences for individuals and society overall. In order to evaluate the concept of RFCB, this study combines two established theoretical frameworks—the family management system and the theory of planned behaviour. The paper investigates the relationships among RFCB, responsible financial attitudes, financial literacy and behavioural control. Its theoretical model is tested on a random sample of 494 respondents and analysed using PLS‐SEM. The results confirm the formation of responsible consumption behaviour by six formative elements: self‐control in spending, planning for the future, seeking information, education, rational decision‐making and solvency. The findings also indicate that all three focal variables have a direct effect on RFCB.
Influence of atmospheric pressure plasma jet on the structure of microcrystalline starch with different relative crystallinity
Authors: Yan Yizhe , Zhou Yaping , Shi Miaomiao , Liu Hualing , Liu Yanqi 
Published: September 2018

SummaryThis study demonstrated the effect on microcrystalline starch (MS) with different relative crystallinity (RC) by atmospheric pressure plasma jet (APPJ) treatment for 1, 3, 5 or 7 min. The morphology of MS granules was destroyed according to Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) analysis. APPJ treatment did not change the crystalline type of MS, but obviously decreased the RC of MS. Short‐range molecular order of MS was clearly decreased after APPJ treatment though the Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) and Raman spectroscopy. Notably, the effect of APPJ on crystalline and short‐range order structure of MS was gradually increased with the increase of RC, which revealed that the crystalline region of MS might be destroyed by APPJ. Furthermore, the pH of MS was decreased while water binding capacity (WBC) and swelling volume (SV) of MS were increased. Therefore, the APPJ treatment could be used as an alternative physical technology for starch modification.