bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Energy-Exergy Analysis of A Novel Multi-Pass Solar Air Collector With Perforated Fins
Authors: Aktaş Mustafa , Sözen Adnan , Tuncer Azim Doğuş , Arslan Erhan , Koşan Meltem , Çürük Osman 
Published: February 2019

This work presents performance analysis of a novel multi-pass solar air collector with perforated fins (MPSACF) in winter conditions, Ankara province, Turkey. The aim of this work is to experimentally test and compare the performance of the two different design of solar collectors in the same climatic conditions. In addition, a double-pass solar air collector without fins (DPSAC) at the same absorber area was manufactured and tested as a control group. The total absorber area of both solar collectors is 0.325 m2. Thermal effects for performance improvement of the collectors have been designated. Average thermal efficiency values of DPSAC and MPSACF were calculated as 47.85% and 51.86%, 67.10% and 72.86%, respectively in experiments performed at 0.0069 kg/s (0.7 m/s air velocity) and 0.0087 kg/s (0.9 m/s air velocity) mass flow rates. Exergy efficiency of DPSAC and MPSACF were 2.10-17.12% and 8.74-23.97%, respectively. Coefficient of performance(COP) values were ocomputed 4.63 and 4.94, 3.18 and 3.48 respectively in experiments performed at 0.0069 kg/s and 0.0087 kg/s mass flow rates. Although the MPSACF has high efficiency values, COP values are lower due to the presence of dual fans. Because of their high thermal efficiency, both collectors can be effectively practiced for applications such as preheating, space heating and ventilation, greenhouse heating and product drying©2019. CBIORE-IJRED. All rights reservedArticle History: Received May 16th 2018; Received in revised form October 16th 2018 ; Accepted January 6th 2019; Available onlineHow to Cite This Article: Aktaş, M., Sözen, A., Tuncer, A.D., Arslan, E., Koşan, M., Çürük, O. (2019) Energy-exergy analysis of a novel multi-pass solar air collector with perforated fins. International Journal of Renewable Energy Development, 8(1), 47-55.http://dx.doi.org/10.14710/ijred.8.1.47-55
Formation of heartwood, chemical composition of extractives and natural durability of plantation-grown teak wood from Mexico
Authors: Rodríguez Anda Raúl , Koch Gerald , Richter Hans-Georg , Fuentes Talavera Francisco Javier , Silva Guzmán José Antonio , Satyanarayana Kestur Gundappa 
Published: February 2019

Abstract
Currently, there is an increasing interest in Mexico to grow teak in large-scale plantations. Teak is recognized for its natural durability combined with high mechanical strength. The present study aims at determining the quantitative and qualitative properties of teak wood for several age classes and provenances, originating mainly from three localities of south eastern Mexico, while the focus was on the extractives and the natural durability of teak samples. The percentage of heartwood (hW) formed by the plantation trees was within the range reported elsewhere for the corresponding age classes, while the hW% was in relation with the tree height and age. Further trends observed were: lower topo-chemical absorbance that was measured by ultraviolet microspectrophotometry (UMSP) of the inner hW compared to the outer hW; no clear correlation between the age and origin and the extractives’ composition accumulated in the hW; abundant presence of tectoquinone irrespective of the age and provenance; and finally, high resistance against white rot (WR) and brown rot (BR) fungi regardless of the age or provenance.
Robust external calibration of terrestrial laser scanner and digital camera for structural monitoring
Authors: Omidalizarandi Mohammad , Kargoll Boris , Paffenholz Jens-André , Neumann Ingo 
Published: February 2019

Abstract
In the last two decades, the integration of a terrestrial laser scanner (TLS) and digital photogrammetry, besides other sensors integration, has received considerable attention for deformation monitoring of natural or man-made structures. Typically, a TLS is used for an area-based deformation analysis. A high-resolution digital camera may be attached on top of the TLS to increase the accuracy and completeness of deformation analysis by optimally combining points or line features extracted both from three-dimensional (3D) point clouds and captured images at different epochs of time. For this purpose, the external calibration parameters between the TLS and digital camera needs to be determined precisely. The camera calibration and internal TLS calibration are commonly carried out in advance in the laboratory environments. The focus of this research is to highly accurately and robustly estimate the external calibration parameters between the fused sensors using signalised target points. The observables are the image measurements, the 3D point clouds, and the horizontal angle reading of a TLS. In addition, laser tracker observations are used for the purpose of validation. The functional models are determined based on the space resection in photogrammetry using the collinearity condition equations, the 3D Helmert transformation and the constraint equation, which are solved in a rigorous bundle adjustment procedure. Three different adjustment procedures are developed and implemented: (1) an expectation maximization (EM) algorithm to solve a Gauss-Helmert model (GHM) with grouped t-distributed random deviations, (2) a novel EM algorithm to solve a corresponding quasi-Gauss-Markov model (qGMM) with t-distributed pseudo-misclosures, and (3) a classical least-squares procedure to solve the GHM with variance components and outlier removal. The comparison of the results demonstrates the precise, reliable, accurate and robust estimation of the parameters in particular by the second and third procedures in comparison to the first one. In addition, the results show that the second procedure is computationally more efficient than the other two.
Physical growth and development characteristics of children with Williams syndrome aged 0–24 months in Zhejiang Province
Authors: Yao Dan , Ji Chai , Chen Weijun , Li Mingyan , Zhao Zheng-Yan 
Published: February 2019

Abstract

Background
The objective of this study was to evaluate the physical growth and development characteristics of children with Williams syndrome (WS) aged 0–24 months, and provide help for early diagnosis of WS.

Methods
A total of 32 cases of children (17 males and 15 females) aged 0–24 months who were diagnosed with WS were enrolled between 2008 and 2017. These children were divided into four different groups: 1–6 months (six cases), 7–12 months (eight cases), 12–18 months (nine cases) and 19–24 months (nine cases). Meanwhile, a total of 32 healthy children (17 males and 15 females) were enrolled in the study from the Department of Health Care for physical examination in our hospital as the control group and matched with each divided group. Weight and height were measured, and meanwhile birth weight and height were also asked and recorded.

Results
There was no statistically significant difference in birth height between the two groups (p>0.05), and birth weight and the height and weight of the children with WS in the four groups were significantly lower than those of the children in the normal control (NC) group (p>0.05). When the corresponding age of WS children was compared to the Nine City Growth Curve Standards in China, 97% of cases were lagging behind in physical growth and development.

Conclusions
WS children often have the features of early slow physical growth, which provides certain help for the early diagnosis of WS. Therefore, for younger children, facial features combined with an accurate and objective physical growth assessment and ultrasonic cardiogram can greatly improve the screening rate.
Assessment of biomarkers of inflammation and premature atherosclerosis in adolescents with type-1 diabetes mellitus
Authors: Babar Ghufran , Clements Mark , Dai Hongying , Raghuveer Geetha 
Published: February 2019

Abstract

Background
Type-1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM) causes endothelial dysfunction and early atherosclerosis, which can result in premature coronary artery disease. The aim of this study was to determine the impact of glycemic control, vascular oxidative stress and inflammation on vascular health in adolescents with T1DM.

Methods
This was a cross-sectional study in adolescents with age- and sex-matched T1DM who were ≥12 years and were at least 2 years post-diagnosis. Recruitment was balanced to include individuals with hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c) ≤8.5% (n=27) or with HbA1c ≥9.5% (n=25). Biomarkers of inflammation were measured in the blood including C-reactive protein (CRP), interleukin-6 (IL-6), intercellular adhesion molecule-1 (ICAM-1), E-selectin, fibrinogen and tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α). Carotid intima media thickness (cIMT) and peripheral arterial tonometry (PAT) were assessed.

Results
Plasma E-selectin level was significantly different between the two groups with higher levels in the group with HbA1c ≥9.5% (65.0±27.7 ng/mL vs. 48.8±21.5 ng/mL, p=0.02). Though cIMT and PAT were not significantly different between the groups, Pearson correlation showed a significant direct relationship between rising HbA1c and mean right cIMT (p=0.02; r=0.37), PAT (p=0.03, r=0.31) and fibrinogen (p=0.03, r=0.03).

Conclusions
Elevated E-selectin level is an early marker of oxidative stress in T1DM patients with an elevated HbA1c level. Suboptimal glycemic control as evidenced by a rising HbA1c causes early atherosclerosis.
Potential of kraft lignin as an additive in briquette production
Authors: Boschetti Walter Torezani Neto , Carvalho Ana Márcia Macedo Ladeira , Carneiro Angélica de Cássia Oliveira , Santos Larissa Carvalho , Poyares Lucas de Barros Quaresma 
Published: February 2019

Abstract
Lignin, a renewable product with high potential for various applications, can be recovered from kraft black liquor by precipitation in acid medium. The objective of this study was to evaluate the effect of the addition of kraft lignin to wood biomass on the properties of briquettes. Hymenolobium petraeum, Eucalyptus, and Pinus biomasses received the addition of 0, 3, 6, 9, and 12 % (w/w) of kraft lignin, and briquettes were manufactured. Wood biomasses and briquettes were characterized chemically and physically. Addition of kraft lignin positively influenced the apparent density, energy density, and mechanical resistance of briquettes. Furthermore, kraft lignin increased the calorific value of briquettes. Addition of 6 % (w/w) of kraft lignin was sufficient to improve the quality properties of briquettes, which demonstrates the great potential of kraft lignin as an additive in briquette production.
Improving fire retardancy of cellulosic thermal insulating materials by coating with bio-based fire retardants
Authors: Zheng Chao , Li Dongfang , Ek Monica 
Published: February 2019

Abstract
Sustainable thermal insulating materials produced from cellulosic fibers provide a viable alternative to plastic insulation foams. Industrially available, abundant, and inexpensive mechanical pulp fiber and recycled textile fiber provide potential raw materials to produce thermal insulating materials. To improve the fire retardancy of low-density thermal insulating materials produced from recycled cotton denim and mechanical pulp fibers, bio-based fire retardants, such as sulfonated kraft lignin, kraft lignin, and nanoclays, were coated onto sustainable insulating material surfaces to enhance their fire retardancy. Microfibrillated cellulose was used as a bio-based binder in the coating formula to disperse and bond the fire-retardant particles to the underlying thermal insulating materials. The flammability of the coated thermal insulating materials was tested using a single-flame source test and cone calorimetry. The results showed that sulfonated kraft lignin-coated cellulosic thermal insulating materials had a better fire retardancy compared with that for kraft lignin with a coating weight of 0.8 kg/m2. Nanoclay-coated samples had the best fire retardancy and did not ignite under a heat flux of 25 kW/m2, as shown by cone calorimetry and single-flame source tests, respectively. These cost-efficient and bio-based fire retardants have broad applications for improving fire retardancy of sustainable thermal insulating materials.
Benzothiadiazole-based conjugated polyelectrolytes for interfacial engineering in optoelectronic devices
Authors: Squeo Benedetta Maria , Carulli Francesco , Lassi Elisa , Galeotti Francesco , Giovanella Umberto , Luzzati Silvia , Pasini Mariacecilia 
Published: February 2019

Abstract
Polar semiconducting polymers based on a conjugated polymer backbone endowed with chemically anchored polar groups on the side chains have proved to be particularly interesting as optimization layer at organic/cathode interface in optoelectronic devices. In particular, the pendant phosphonate groups impart water-alcohol solubility allowing easy solution processing, and improve electron injection thanks to both a favorable interfacial dipole of phosphonate groups and an intense coordination interaction between the phosphonate groups and Al cathode. In this work we synthesize alternating fluorene-benzothiadiazole copolymers by proposing a post-polymerization reaction to insert the phosphonate groups. Thanks to this approach it is possible to use standard Suzuki coupling conditions, simplifying the process of synthesis, purification and characterization. The polymer Poly[9,9-bis(6′-diethoxylphosphorylhexyl)-alt-benzothiadiazole] (P2), is tested in conventional organic solar cells as cathode interfacial layers showing, with respect to the control device, an increasing of all the photovoltaic parameters, with a final power conversion efficiency that reaches 5.35% starting from 4.6%. The same trend is observed for multilayered polymer light-emitting diodes with an external quantum efficiency of the P2-based PLED enhanced of 1.5 times with respect to the basic devices with bare Al cathode, and negligible roll-off efficiency. The synergic effects of energy gap modulation and of polar phosphonated pendant functionalities of P2 are compared with the corresponding fluorene-based polar homopolymer. Our results show that, not only a proper selection of side functionalities, but also the tailoring of the energy gap of cathode interfacial materials (CIMs) is a possible effective strategy to engineer cathode of different optoelectronic devices and enhance their performance.
Early life exposure to lead (Pb) and changes in DNA methylation: relevance to Alzheimer’s disease
Authors: Bihaqi Syed Waseem 
Published: February 2019

Abstract
Recent advances in neuroepigenetics have revealed its essential role in governing body function and disease. Epigenetics regulates an array of mechanisms that are susceptible to undergoing alteration by intracellular or extracellular factors. DNA methylation, one of the most extensively studied epigenetic markers is involved in the regulation of gene expression and also plays a vital role in neuronal development. The epigenome is most vulnerable during early the embryonic stage and perturbation in DNA methylation during this period can result in a latent outcome which can persist during the entire lifespan. Accumulating evidence suggests that environmental insults during the developmental phase can impart changes in the DNA methylation landscape. Based on reports on human subjects and animal models this review will explore the evidence on how developmental exposure of the known environmental pollutant, lead (Pb), can induce changes in the DNA methylation of genes which later can induce development of neurodegenerative disorders like Alzheimer’s disease (AD).
Pond Ash–Based Controlled Low-Strength Materials for Pavement Applications
Authors: Lini Dev K. , Robinson R. G. 
Published: February 2019

Abstract
Cement-based controlled low-strength material, also called flowable fill, is often used as both subbase and subgrade material in pavement construction. This article investigates the properties of a pond ash–based flowable fill with special reference to pavement applications. Properties such as flowability, unconfined compressive strength, California bearing ratio (CBR), and resilient modulus (MR) for different mixes were studied. It was observed that addition of 2–3 % of cement in the pond ash can make a good flowable fill without the need of any other admixtures. Substantial improvement in CBR and resilient modulus values were observed when compared with the compacted pond ash. The results of the study show that the pond-based flowable fill can be used as an effective alternative material for subbase and subgrade layers in pavements.
LITERATURA INFANTIL E FORMAÇÃO DE PROFESSORES: REFLEXÕES NA PEDAGOGIA EAD
Authors: Visentini Lucas , Brancher Vantoir Roberto 
Published: February 2019

Resumo: Este estudo investiga as contribuições da Literatura Infantil (LI) na formação de professores do Curso de Pedagogia EaD da UFSM. Objetivou-se compreender como o tema é trabalhado no referido curso, ao investigar as reflexões, os sentidos e significados construídos pelos estudantes em relação à área e verificar as contribuições à prática pedagógica, à ação docente. A abordagem metodológica qualitativa orientou o estudo, ao realizar-se entrevistas narrativas com os sujeitos de pesquisa. Verificou-se que os estudantes compreendem a LI como fundamental no processo de ensino-aprendizagem na EI e nos AIEF, significando-a como área transdisciplinar para se trabalhar as diversas áreas do conhecimento. Como categoria emergente, as redes sociais se apresentaram como meio efetivo de interação e construção de conhecimentos entre os sujeitos investigados. Palavras-chave: Literatura Infantil; Formação de Professores; Curso de Pedagogia; Educação a Distância.
ENSINAR E APRENDER LITERATURA NA ESCOLA: O QUE DIZEM OS PROFESSORES E ALUNOS
Authors: Segabinazi Daniela Maria 
Published: February 2019

Este artigo é um recorte de uma pesquisa mais ampla sobre a educação literária e a formação de professores de literatura no Brasil. O estudo tem por objetivo mostrar os resultados sobre o que os professores e alunos do ensino médio de uma escola pública, da rede estadual da Paraíba, compreendem a respeito do ensino de literatura, quais as crenças e conhecimentos dispõem para dizer sobre a leitura literária na escola e quais os objetivos e metodologias para o ensino-aprendizagem do texto literário. Para a abordagem da discussão foram nossos referencias teóricos as OCNEM (2006), Rocco (1981) e Cereja (2005).
EL IMAGINARIO INFANTIL EN LA POESÍA PARA NIÑOS ACTUAL: UN ESTUDIO COMPARATIVO
Authors: Senís Juan 
Published: February 2019

Resumen: Uno de los temas principales de la poesía escrita para niños es el imaginario infantil procedente de los cuentos tradicionales. Son muchos los poemas o incluso los libros de versos para niños que reescriben episodios tomados de ellos o que se desarrollan a partir de sus personajes, ya sea de una manera didáctica, lúdica o lírica. Ahora bien, ¿qué ocurre con esas versiones en verso de los cuentos de siempre? ¿Se trata realmente de poesía o son solo narraciones versificadas con más o menos fortuna? En el presente trabajo trataremos de responder a dicha cuestión a través del análisis de tres obras recientes publicadas en tres países distintos – Adivina qué cuento soy (2010, España); Il était une fois… contes en haiku (2013, Francia) and In mezzo alla fiaba (2015, Italia) – en los que se reescriben los cuentos tradicionales de distintas maneras. Palabras clave: poesía infantil; reescritura; culturalismo; cuentos. Abstract: One of the main themes in children’s poetry is the imagery taken from traditional tales. Many poems and even whole books of poems are focused on characters or situations taken from them, in a re-writing exercise that can be didactic, ludic or lyrical as well. But what happens with this kind of adaptations, these poetic versions of old-time tales? Are they truly poetic texts or are they only narrative texts written in verse in order to attract young readers? The aim of this work is thus to answer this question by analysing three examples of poetry books recently published in three different countries – Adivina qué cuento soy (2010, Spain); Il était une fois… contes en haiku (2013, France) and In mezzo alla fiaba (2015, Italy) – in which traditional fairy tales are rewritten in different ways. Key Words: children’s poetry; rewriting; culturalism; fairy tales.
O livro transmídia Poemas de brinquedo, de Álvaro Andrade Garcia
Authors: Dos Santos Carmélia Daniel , Moreira Wagner José 
Published: February 2019

O presente trabalho analisa o livro Poemas de Brinquedo (2016), de Álvaro Andrade Garcia, poeta e artista mineiro. Nesse livro o autor apresenta uma prática poética que ultrapassa o impresso ao expandir o espaço do poema para outras mídias, incluindo a instalação e a performance. Abordaremos a complexa rede de produção de Poemas de brinquedo, sua presença no ambiente digital e sua interlocução com outras artes. Além disso, trataremos das características desse livro transmídia, uma vez que ele foi primeiramente pensado como aplicativo e somente em um segundo momento produzido no formato impresso. Palavras-chave: Poemas de brinquedo; Livro transmídia; Poesia digital.
A study to assess the association between early childhood caries and relationship of Streptococcus mutans in saliva of mother, child and sibling pairs
Authors: Avanti Ashwini , Avanthi Sucheeth , P. K. Shivaprakash , Raj H. Kiran , Saini Sawinderjith , Naik Pooja M. 
Published: February 2019

Background: Early childhood caries (ECC) is a specific form of rampant caries that initially affects the primary maxillary anterior teeth of infants and children. According to American Academy of Pediatric Dentistry (AAPD) 2011, early childhood caries is defined as the presence of one or more decayed (non-cavitated or cavitated lesions), missing (due to caries) or filled tooth surfaces in any primary tooth in a child under the age of six. The objective of this study was to assess the association between early childhood caries and relationship of Streptococcus mutans in saliva of mother, child and sibling pairs.Methods: Group 1 consists of fifty children with early childhood caries along with their mothers and siblings with the child age between 15 months to 5 years and sibling’s age between 4 years to 10 years, whereas group 2 consists of fifty caries free children along with their mothers and siblings. For both groups, saliva samples were taken from the child, mother and sibling pairs to estimate the Streptococcus mutans count and to determine pH of saliva in these children. DMFT scores, debris scores checked for child, mother and sibling pairs.Results: Streptococcus mutans count was significantly high in group 1 than that of the group 2. Mothers were more co related to the children in the acquisition of Streptococcus mutans than the siblings. Increased no of meals of the child, pacifier use, low socio-economic status and low maternal education showed significant high correlation with caries prevalence. Low pH score was also significantly correlated with the increase in caries rate.Conclusions: Maternal factors such as high DMFT scores, low education levels, prolonged bottle-feeding with sweetened milk, pacifier use are strong risk indicators for identifying high caries-susceptible children.