bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Imaging predictors for malignant transformation of inverted papilloma
Authors: Yan Carol H. , Tong Charles C. L. , Penta Mrudula , Patel Vishal S. , Palmer James N. , Adappa Nithin D. , Nayak Jayakar V. , Hwang Peter H. , Patel Zara M. 
Published: December 2018

Objectives/HypothesisInverted papillomas (IPs) are benign tumors of the sinonasal tract with a malignant transformation potential. Predicting the transformation propensity of IPs and corresponding risk factors has long been a challenge. In this study, we aimed to use radiographic findings on magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and computed tomography (CT) to help differentiate IP from IP‐transformed squamous cell carcinomas (IP‐SCC).Study DesignRetrospective cohort study.MethodsA retrospective analysis was performed at two institutions comparing IP (n = 76) and IP‐SCC (n = 66) tumors, evaluating preoperative radiographic imaging with corresponding surgical pathology reports. The presence of a convoluted cerebriform pattern (CCP) using postcontrast T1‐weighted and T2‐weighted MRI was evaluated. Using MRI diffusion‐weighted imaging (DWI), we calculated the apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC) value of each tumor. We also determined the tumor origin, attachment sites, and presence of bony erosion using CT imaging.ResultsBenign IPs had a higher prevalence of CCP on MRI compared to IP‐transformed SCC (P = .0001. The mean value ADC of malignant IP‐SCC (ADCb0,1000 = 1.12 × 10−3 mm2/s) was significantly lower than that of benign IPs (ADCb0,1000 = 1.49 × 10−3 mm2/s, P = .002). IP‐SCC tumors were more likely to be have orbital wall attachment (P = .002) and bony erosion (P < .0001) compared to IPs.ConclusionsEvaluation of CCP and DWI with ADC values on MRI are promising qualitative and quantitative methods to help differentiate benign IP tumors from their transformed malignant counterparts. Malignant IP‐SCCs are associated with a loss of CCP and lower ADC values. Findings of orbital wall involvement and bony erosion on CT may also help determine presence of malignancy.Level of Evidence4 Laryngoscope, 129:777–782, 2019
High Dietary Fat Intake Affects DNA Methylation/Hydroxymethylation in Mouse Heart: Epigenetic Hints for Obesity‐Related Cardiac Dysfunction
Authors: Ciccarone Fabio , Castelli Serena , Ioannilli Laura , Ciriolo Maria Rosa 
Published: December 2018

ScopeEpigenetic aberrations caused by environmental factors and lifestyle choices have been associated with the development of a number of pathologies, including cardiovascular disorders. However, whether obesity‐related heart dysfunction can occur via epigenetic mechanisms is largely undisclosed. The manifested role of DNA hydroxymethylation in heart pathophysiology prompts an investigation of its levels/machinery in heart of mice fed with high‐fat diet (HFD) and its possible relation with genes linked to obesity‐associated cardiac remodeling.Methods and resultsAlterations in levels of DNA methylation/hydroxymethylation modifications and in expression of Tet family of DNA hydroxylases are observed in hearts of mice treated with HFD for 8 and 16 weeks. Decreased levels of the Tet co‐substrate α‐ketoglutarate are also observed and associate with mitochondrial mass reduction and augmented oxidative stress. Finally, expression markers of cardiac remodeling are monitored by RT‐qPCR analysis and associate with DNA hydroxymethylation signature by DNA immunoprecipitation and correlation analyses.ConclusionGlobal changes of DNA hydroxymethylation in hearts of HFD‐fed mice are associated with upregulation of the dioxygenase Tet3 and decreased content of α‐ketoglutarate. A relation between Tet genes and markers of cardiac hypertrophic response is observed and, if further validated, it will provide insights concerning epigenetics and obesity‐related cardiac complications.
Renal Resistive Index Predicts Post–Bariatric Surgery Renal Outcome in Nondiabetic Individuals with Severe Obesity
Authors: Solini Anna , Seghieri Marta , Santini Eleonora , Giannini Livia , Biancalana Edoardo , Taddei Stefano , Volterrani Duccio , Bruno Rosa Maria 
Published: December 2018

ObjectiveBariatric surgery may ameliorate renal function through vascular mechanisms. This study tested surgery’s ability to improve measured glomerular filtration rate (mGFR) and identified clinical, renal, and systemic vascular predictors of such improvement.MethodsTwenty‐five nondiabetic subjects with severe obesity were studied before and 1 year after Roux‐en‐Y gastric bypass, evaluating mGFR and renal plasma flow, basal renal resistive index (RI) and dynamic renal RI, renal visceral fat, and systemic vascular parameters, including flow‐mediated dilation, aortic pulse wave velocity, and carotid intima media thickness and stiffness.ResultsAfter Roux‐en‐Y gastric bypass, BMI decreased by 31%. At follow‐up, body surface area (BSA)‐adjusted mGFR increased (from 86.9 ± 15.2 to 109.0 ± 18.2 mL/min/1.73 m2, P <  0.001), whereas the absolute mGFR did not change. Renal plasma flow did not vary. RI decreased; flow‐mediated dilation, pulse wave velocity, carotid intima media thickness, and carotid stiffness improved. mGFR changes after surgery (ΔmGFR/BSA) were associated with younger age and lower fasting glucose. Among vascular variables, an improved ΔmGFR/BSA was associated with smaller brachial artery diameter, lower intima media thickness, and lower RI; this latter association remained after adjusting for covariates. No measure of adiposity was associated with ΔmGFR.ConclusionsIn subjects with obesity and normal renal function, bariatric surgery improves mGFR/BSA (although absolute mGFR is unchanged) and renal and systemic vascular function. Lower renal intravascular resistance can predict these improvements, maximizing them in relatively young individuals.
Neighborhood Typology and Cardiometabolic Pregnancy Outcomes in the Maternal Adiposity Metabolism and Stress Study
Authors: Headen Irene , Laraia Barbara , Coleman‐Phox Kimberly , Vieten Cassandra , Adler Nancy , Epel Elissa 
Published: December 2018

Objective
This study aimed to assess associations between neighborhood typologies classified across multiple neighborhood domains and cardiometabolic pregnancy outcomes and determine variation in effectiveness of a mindfulness‐based stress‐reduction intervention on outcomes across neighborhood types.
Methods
Neighborhoods of participants in the Maternal Adiposity Metabolism and Stress (MAMAS) intervention (n = 208) were classified across dimensions of socioeconomic, food, safety, and service/resource environments using latent class analysis. The study estimated associations between neighborhood type and three cardiometabolic pregnancy outcomes—glucose tolerance (GT) during pregnancy, excessive gestational weight gain, and 6‐month postpartum weight retention (PPWR)—using marginal regression models. Interaction between neighborhood type and intervention was assessed.
Results
Five neighborhood types differing across socioeconomic, food, and resource environments were identified. Compared with poor, well‐resourced neighborhoods, middle‐income neighborhoods with low resources had higher risk of impaired GT (relative risk [RR]: 4.1; 95% confidence Interval [CI]: 1.1, 15.5), and wealthy, well‐resourced neighborhoods had higher PPWR (beta: 3.9 kg; 95% CI: 0.3, 7.5). Intervention effectiveness varied across neighborhood type with wealthy, well‐resourced and poor, moderately resourced neighborhoods showing improvements in GT scores. PPWR was higher in intervention compared with control groups within wealthy, well‐resourced neighborhoods.
Conclusions
Consideration of multidimensional neighborhood typologies revealed important nuances in intervention effectiveness on cardiometabolic pregnancy outcomes.
Neurological soft signs and grey matter abnormalities in individuals with ultra‐high risk for psychosis
Authors: Kong Li , Cui Huiru , Zhang Tianhong , Wang Ya , Huang Jia , Zhu Yikang , Tang Yingying , Herold Christina J. , Schröder Johannes , Cheung Eric F. C. , Chan Raymond C. K. , Wang Jijun 
Published: December 2018

AbstractNeurological soft signs (NSSs), conventionally defined as subtle neurological abnormalities, are frequently found in individuals with schizophrenia. Many neuroimaging studies have also reported that NSSs are associated with grey matter changes in patients with schizophrenia at different stages of the illness. However, these findings may be confounded by the effect of antipsychotic medications, chronicity, and duration of untreated psychosis. Examining NSSs in individuals with ultra‐high risk (UHR) for psychosis may help to identify the neuroanatomical substrates of NSSs related to the illness itself and to avoid these potential confounding effects. A sample of 21 individuals with UHR were included in the present study. NSSs were rated using the abridged version of the Cambridge Neurological Inventory. Grey matter volume was assessed using optimized voxel‐based morphometry on images acquired by a high‐resolution 3‐T magnetic resonance imaging scanner. We found that higher NSS scores in individuals with UHR were associated with decreased grey matter volume at the superior and medial frontal cortex, the rectal cortex, the pre‐ and post‐central cortex, the insula, the caudate, and the cerebellum. Our results suggest that these brain structural characteristics may represent the neuroanatomical substrate of NSSs in individuals with UHR. These findings contribute to the understanding of the intrinsic features of psychosis associated with NSSs and may provide insights into pre‐schizophrenia pathophysiology.
Synthesis of ultra‐high‐molecular‐weight ethylene‐propylene copolymer via quasi‐living copolymerization with N‐heterocyclic carbene ligated vanadium complexes
Authors: Zhang Shu , Zhang Wen‐Chao , Shang Dan‐Dan , Wu Yi‐Xian 
Published: December 2018

ABSTRACTThe quasi‐living copolymerization of ethylene with propylene was achieved by using N‐heterocyclic carbene (NHC) ligated vanadium complex (V3, VOCl3[1,3‐(2,6‐iPr2C6H3)2(NCH)2C:]) due to the stabilization of active center by the introduction of bulky and electron rich NHC ligand with bulky isopropyl substituents at the ortho positions of the phenyl rings. The weight‐average molecular weight (Mw) of the resulting copolymer increases linearly with its weight in 20 min. The ultra‐high‐molecular‐weight (UHMW) ethylene‐propylene copolymer (Mw = 1612 kg mol−1) can be synthesized with V3/Et3Al2Cl3 catalytic system. The novel complex V4′ (VCl3[1,3‐(2,4,6‐Me3C6H2)2(NCH)2C:]·2THF) was constructed by the introduction of two coordinated tetrahydrofuran molecules and decrease in steric hindrance at the ortho positions of phenyl rings. The UHMW ethylene‐propylene copolymer (Mw = 1167 kg mol−1) can also be synthesized by using V4′/Et3Al2Cl3 catalytic system. © 2018 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Polym. Sci., Part A: Polym. Chem. 2019, 57, 553–561
A sol–gel polymerization method for creating nanoporous polyimide silsesquioxane nanostructures as soft dielectric materials
Authors: Hawkins Matthew , Saha Sujoy , Ravindran Ezhakudiyan , Rathnayake Hemali 
Published: December 2018

ABSTRACTA sol–gel polymerization method was developed to make polyimide (PI) silsesquioxane (SSQ) nanoparticles as functional, soft dielectric materials. The surface functionalization of the polymer chain backbone and chain ends of poly(trimellitic anhydride chloride‐co‐4,4′‐methylenedianiline), PMR‐15 resin, with para‐(chloromethyl)‐phenylethyltrimethoxy silane yielded a novel sol–gel reactive sites functionalized PMR‐silane precursor. Upon base‐catalyzed hydrolysis and condensation of the PMR‐silane precursor, spherical, raspberry‐like PMR‐SSQ nanoparticles were obtained in considerably good yield. Controlling the particle size distribution was attempted upon adjusting the molar ratio between the silane precursor and the base, as well as in the presence of a catalytic amount of silica sols. Particle composition, thermal stability, and morphology were confirmed from Fourier transform infrared, thermogravimetric analysis, and scanning electron microscopy analyses. Nanoparticles, visualized under transmission electron microscopy exhibit a nanoporous structure. The Brunauer–Emmett–Teller analysis confirmed that the average pore dimension is ranged from 2 to 5 nm. The dielectric constant of PMR‐SSQ nanoparticles was as low as 1.95, compared to dielectric constants of 3.05 and 3.13 for PMR‐15 and PMR‐silane, respectively. Thus, the base‐catalyzed sol–gel polymerization of alkoxysilylated PI offers a novel synthetic path to make functional nanoporous PI nanostructures that possess ultralow dielectric constants. © 2018 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Polym. Sci., Part A: Polym. Chem. 2013, 57, 562–571.
Estimating mortality rates of European ash (Fraxinus excelsior) under the ash dieback (Hymenoscyphus fraxineus) epidemic
Authors: Coker Tim L. R. , Rozsypálek Jiří , Edwards Anne , Harwood Tony P. , Butfoy Louise , Buggs Richard J. A. 
Published: December 2018

Societal Impact StatementDamage to ash trees by ash dieback caused by the emerging fungal pathogen Hymenoscyphus fraxineus is impacting people across Europe. This poses challenges to: public safety; productivity of commercial forestry; green spaces and human wellbeing; and ecosystem services and carbon sequestration. Here, we seek to quantify the impact of ash dieback on tree mortality by analyzing surveys counting the proportion of trees that have died in sites across Europe. However, more and better data are needed to inform policy makers, foresters, conservationists, and other stakeholders as they plan for a long‐term future with ash dieback.Summary

The ash dieback epidemic, caused by the fungus Hymenoscyphus fraxineus, has been present in Europe for over 20 years and caused widespread damage and mortality in ash tree (Fraxinus excelsior) populations. Ash is a major natural capital asset and plays an important role in nature’s contribution to people in Europe.

Here, we present a meta‐analysis of surveys of ash mortality due to ash dieback, and a time‐dependent model to estimate longer term mortality.

In plantations established previous to the arrival of the epidemic, we analyze 12 surveys, finding a maximum recorded mortality of ~85%. In woodlands with exposure to ash dieback of between 4 and 20 years, we analyze 36 surveys, finding a maximum recorded mortality (which may have missed some dead trees) of ~70%. We also analyze 10 surveys of naturally regenerated saplings, finding maximum recorded mortality of ~82%. We apply logistic models to these data sets to seek longer term predictions.

More data are needed before our models can be relied upon for policy decisions. If survival found so far in woodlands is due in part to heritable resistance, natural selection or a breeding program may allow future recovery of ash populations in Europe.
Back Cover: Cover Image, Volume 75, Issue 1
Authors: Morrison William R , Blaauw Brett R , Short Brent D , Nielsen Anne L , Bergh James C , Krawczyk Greg , Park Yong‐Lak , Butler Bryan , Khrimian Ashot , Leskey Tracy C 
Published: December 2018

The back‐cover image is based on the Research Article Successful management of Halyomorpha halys (Hemiptera: Pentatomidae) in commercial apple orchards with an attract‐and‐kill strategy by William R Morrison et al., DOI: 10.1002/ps.5156. Photo Credit: Rob Morrison, Ph.D.
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Pharmacodynamic Models of Differential Bortezomib Signaling Across Several Cell Lines of Multiple Myeloma
Authors: Ramakrishnan Vidya , Mager Donald E. 
Published: December 2018

The heterogeneous polyclonal nature of multiple myeloma complicates the identification of protein biomarkers predictive of drug response. In this study, a pharmacodynamic systems modeling approach was used to link in vitro bortezomib exposure and myeloma cell death. The exposure‐response was integrated through a network of important protein biomarker dynamics activated by bortezomib in four myeloma cell lines. The pharmacodynamic models reasonably characterized the protein and myeloma cell dynamics simultaneously following bortezomib (20 nM) treatment. The models were used to identify differences in pathway dynamics across cell lines from model‐estimated protein biomarker turnover parameters and global sensitivity analyses. Additionally, a statistical correlation analysis between drug sensitivity and model‐fitted protein activation profiles (i.e., cumulative area under the protein expression‐time curves) supported the identification of shared biomarkers associated with sensitivity differences among the cell lines. Both types of analysis identified similar important proteins associated with bortezomib pharmacodynamics, such as phosphorylated Nuclear Factor kappa‐light‐chain‐enhancer of activated B cells (pNFkappaB), phosphorylated protein kinase B (pAKT), and caspase‐8 (Cas 8).
A note on “Parameter estimation for bivariate Weibull distribution using generalized moment method for reliability evaluation”
Authors: Zhang Zili , Nadarajah Saralees 
Published: December 2018

AbstractYuan [Quality and Reliability Engineering International, 2018, doi: 10.1002/qre.2276] proposed a generalized moment method for parameter estimation of a particular bivariate Weibull distribution and derived corresponding confidence intervals. The expressions given for the confidence intervals do not appear correct. In this note, we correct the confidence intervals and recompute them for two real data sets.
The s‐homodesmotic method for the computation of conventional strain energies of bicyclic systems and individual rings within these systems
Authors: Magers D. Brandon , Magers Andrew K. , Magers David H. 
Published: December 2018

AbstractThe s‐homodesmotic method for computing conventional strain energies (CSE) has been extended for the first time to bicyclic systems and to individual rings within these systems. Unique isodesmic, homodesmotic, and hyperhomodesmotic reactions originate from the s‐homodesmotic method. These are used to investigate 12 bicyclic systems comprising cyclopropane and cyclobutane and how the CSE of each system compares to the sum of the individual rings within each. Equilibrium geometries, harmonic vibrational frequencies, and the corresponding electronic energies and zero point vibrational energy corrections are computed for all relevant molecules using second‐order perturbation theory and density functional theory (B3LYP) with the correlation consistent basis sets cc‐pVDZ and cc‐pVTZ. Single‐point CCSD(T) energies are computed at the MP2/cc‐pVTZ optimized geometries to ascertain the importance of higher order correlation effects. Results indicate that CSEs are additive when the two rings are separated by one or two bonds and somewhat additive in other cases.
The removal of short‐chain and long‐chain perfluoroalkyl acids and sulfonates via granular activated carbons: A comparative column study
Authors: Westreich Philippe , Mimna Richard , Brewer Jenalle , Forrester Frederic 
Published: December 2018

AbstractPer‐ and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) are contaminants of emerging concern. Granular activated carbon (GAC) is an adsorbent currently in use in removing long‐chain PFAS from water. However, there are few studies that examine short‐chain PFAS removal with GAC. The present Rapid Small‐Scale Column Test study compares the removal of a suite of both long‐ and short‐chain PFAS from groundwater. The results show that re‐agglomerated, bituminous coal‐based GACs, whether virgin or reactivated, are capable of effectively removing long‐ and short‐chain PFAS with four or more perfluorinated carbons. It was also observed that perfluorobutanoic acid, a perfluorinated carboxylic acid with just three perfluorinated carbons, reached breakthrough far more quickly than all other PFAS in this study. Coconut‐based and pool reactivated carbons, respectively, lasted 9 to 18% as long, and 43 to 57% as long, as the coal‐based carbons studied prior to breakthrough of the PFAS. The results indicate that properly selected GACs (reagglomerated bituminous coal‐based, virgin or reactivated), are a viable treatment option for PFAS contamination in water for all but the shortest perfluorinated carboxylic acids.
Transition‐Metal‐Free Hypervalent Iodine(III) Reagent‐Promoted Site‐Selective Solid‐Phase Synthesis of Mononitroarylamines
Authors: An Delie , Song Wenkang , Peng Zhihong , Zhang Yingjun , Dong Wanrong 
Published: December 2018

AbstractA practical synthesis of nitroarylamines from protected arylamines and sodium nitrite was herein achieved in the presence of a hypervalent iodine(III) reagent without any transition metal‐catalysts and solvents. The site‐selective solid‐phase protocol took place in mortar at room temperature for short time through the free radical mechanism, as proved by electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR) analysis.
Fe‐Co‐Ni/Nitrogen‐Doped Mesoporous Carbon Materials for Electrochemical Oxygen Reduction
Authors: Qiu Shujun , Gao Wei , Peng Hongliang , Chu Hailiang , Li Zehao , Liang Huanbiao , Zou Yongjin , Xiang Cuili , Zhang Huanzhi , Yan Erhu , Xu Fen , Sun Lixian , Li Ying 
Published: December 2018

AbstractRecently, simultaneous doping of transition metals and heteroatoms in carbonaceous materials has become promising alternatives to Pt‐based catalysts for electrochemical oxygen reduction reaction (ORR). In this study, a kind of Fe‐Co‐Ni/N‐doped carbon framework catalysts is successfully synthesized using a hard template of SBA‐16@graphene oxide (SBA‐16@GO), during which ferroporphyrin is used as a nitrogen source and triblock copolymer Pluronic F127 is used as surfactant. The as‐prepared catalysts exhibit unique porous structure with high specific surface area (853 m2 g−1) and the average pore size distribution in the range of 2.4 to 3.3 nm, which offers short diffusion channels for the penetration and transportation of electrolyte. Moreover, the sample pyrolyzed at 800 °C (Fe‐Co‐Ni/NPC‐800) exhibits enhanced electrocatalytic activity with the half‐wave potential (E1/2) of ∼ −0.09 V, which is only negatively shifted by about 50 mV for ORR in alkaline electrolyte compared to the commercial Pt/C catalyst.
New Ionic Cu(II) and Co(II) DACH–Flufenamate Conjugate Complexes: Spectroscopic Characterization, Single X–Ray Studies and Cytotoxic Activity on Human Cancer Cell Lines
Authors: Khan Huzaifa Yasir , Zehra Siffeen , Parveen Sabiha , Yousuf Imtiyaz , Tabassum Sartaj , Arjmand Farukh 
Published: December 2018

AbstractNew ionic antitumor drug entities [{Cu(DACH)2(H2O)Cl}.(fluf)], 1 and [{Co(DACH)2(H2O)Cl}.(fluf)], 2 where DACH=1,2–diamminocyclohexane and fluf=flufenamate anion were prepared and characterized by spectroscopic studies and single X–ray crystallography. In order to evaluate the potential of these complexes to act as antitumor drug candidates, in vitro binding studies of 1 and 2 with ct–DNA have been carried out by biophysical methods which revealed electrostatic binding mode of these drug entities with ct–DNA preferably by external surface or groove binding mode contrary to other non–steroidal anti–inflammatory (NSAIDs) drugs which show intercalative binding. Comparative electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR) titrations were performed which revealed that there was no significant change in EPR spectra of complexes upon incubation with ct–DNA implicating that coordination geometry of metal ions does not alter. Validation of antitumor potential of 1 and 2 was done by cytotoxicity experiments against human cancer cell lines by Sulforhodamine B (SRB) assay. Complex 1 was active against all tested cell lines with an exceptionally low GI50 value=2.9 μg/ml against MCF–7 (breast cancer) cell line showing its preferential selectivity. On the contrary, complex 2 showed poor activity against all tested cancer cell lines.