bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The mechanism of miR-142-3p in coronary microembolization-induced myocardiac injury via regulating target gene IRAK-1
Authors: Su Qiang , Lv Xiangwei , Ye Ziliang , Sun Yuhan , Kong Binghui , Qin Zhenbai , Li Lang 
Published: January 2019

AbstractCoronary microembolization (CME) is a common complication seen during primary percutaneous coronary intervention (pPCI). CME-induced myocardiac inflammation is the primary cause of myocardiac injury. Dysregulated miR-142-3p has been implicated in multiple cardiovascular diseases and is significantly downregulated in CME-induced myocardial injury. However, the role of miR-142-3p in CME-induced myocardial injury is unclear. This study herein built a porcine CME model by infusing microembolization spheres into the left anterior descending branch via a microcatheter, and detected the downregulation of miR-142-3p in the myocardial tissues of CME pigs. Echocardiography, hematoxylin basic fuchsin picric acid (HBFP) staining, and western blotting of NF-κB p65, TNF-α, IL-1β, and IL-6 showed that the pharmacological overexpression of miR-142-3p using agomiR has improved cardiac function and attenuated CME-induced myocardiac inflammatory response, while its inhibition using antagomiR demonstrated inverse effects. Moreover, in vitro experiments demonstrated IRAK-1 as a direct target gene of miR-142-3p. Luciferase reporter assays, quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction and western blotting demonstrated its effects in controlling the inflammation of cardiomyocytes. It is noteworthy that miR-142-3p was found to be decreased in the plasma of STEMI patients undergoing pPCI with no-reflow, indicating a potential clinical relevance of miR-142-3p. The receiver–operator characteristic curve indicated that plasma miR-142-3p might be an independent predictor of no-reflow during pPCI in patients with STEMI. Therefore, overexpression of miR-142-3p acts as a novel therapy for CME-induced myocardial injury.
Heme detoxification by heme oxygenase-1 reinstates proliferative and immune balances upon genotoxic tissue injury
Authors: Hedblom Andreas , Hejazi Seyed M. , Canesin Giacomo , Choudhury Reeham , Hanafy Khalid A. , Csizmadia Eva , Persson Jenny L. , Wegiel Barbara 
Published: January 2019

AbstractPhenotypic changes of myeloid cells are critical to the regulation of premature aging, development of cancer, and responses to infection. Heme metabolism has a fundamental role in the regulation of myeloid cell function and activity. Here, we show that deletion of heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1), an enzyme that removes heme, results in an impaired DNA damage response (DDR), reduced cell proliferation, and increased cellular senescence. We detected increased levels of p16INK4a, H2AXγ, and senescence-associated-β-galactosidase (SA-β-Gal) in cells and tissues isolated from HO-1-deficient mice. Importantly, deficiency of HO-1 in residential macrophages in chimeric mice results in elevated DNA damage and senescence upon radiation-induced injury. Mechanistically, we found that mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR)/S6 protein signaling is critical for heme and HO-1-regulated phenotype of macrophages. Collectively, our data indicate that HO-1, by detoxifying heme, blocks p16INK4a expression in macrophages, preventing DNA damage and cellular senescence.
Histone methyltransferase NSD2 regulates apoptosis and chemosensitivity in osteosarcoma
Authors: He Chao , Liu Chao , Wang Lei , Sun Yangbai , Jiang Yuhang , Hao Yongqiang 
Published: January 2019

AbstractOsteosarcoma (OS) is a primary malignant bone tumour. However, the genetic basis for the pathogenesis of OS remains elusive. In this study, we uncovered the role of the histone methyltransferase NSD2 in regulating tumourigenesis and chemosensitivity in OS. We show that NSD2 knockdown leads to increased apoptosis in OS cells in vitro and in vivo. Additionally, NSD2 knockdown significantly enhances the efficacy of cisplatin against OS cells and accordingly inhibits properties associated with cancer stem cells (CSCs). Furthermore, RNA sequencing (RNAseq) and Gene Ontology (GO) analysis revealed that NSD2 promotes transcription of genes associated with negative regulation of apoptotic signalling pathways and CSC properties. The results of chromatin immunoprecipitation quantitative polymerase chain reaction (ChIP-qPCR) assays indicated that NSD2 knockdown leads to decreased H3K36me2 modification at BCL2 and SOX2 loci, thus inhibiting the transcription of these two genes that are closely correlated with apoptosis, CSC properties and chemosensitivity in OS cells. Pathway analysis demonstrated that the ERK and AKT pathways mediate the regulation of OS progression and chemosensitivity by NSD2. Overall, our study is the first to uncover the function of NSD2 in OS chemosensitivity. NSD2 regulates the expression of the apoptosis regulatory proteins BCL2 and SOX2 through the ERK and AKT pathways. Our results suggest that NSD2 is a new target for combined chemotherapy and is a prognostic factor for OS.
Experimental demonstration of angular momentum-dependent topological transport using a transmission line network
Authors: Jiang Tianshu , Xiao Meng , Chen Wen-Jie , Yang Lechen , Fang Yawen , Tam Wing Yim , Chan C. T. 
Published: January 2019

AbstractNovel classical wave phenomenon analogs of the quantum spin Hall effect are mostly based on the construction of pseudo-spins. Here we show that the non-trivial topology of a system can also be realized using orbital angular momentum through a coupling between the angular momentum and the wave vector. The idea is illustrated with a tight-binding model and experimentally demonstrated with a transmission line network. We show experimentally that even a very small network cluster exhibits angular momentum-dependent one-way topological edge states, and their properties can be described in terms of local Chern numbers. Our work provides a new mechanism to realize counterparts of the quantum spin Hall effect in classical waves and may offer insights for other systems.
Genomic diversity landscape of the honey bee gut microbiota
Authors: Ellegaard Kirsten M. , Engel Philipp 
Published: January 2019

AbstractThe structure and distribution of genomic diversity in natural microbial communities is largely unexplored. Here, we used shotgun metagenomics to assess the diversity of the honey bee gut microbiota, a community consisting of few bacterial phylotypes. Our results show that most phylotypes are composed of sequence-discrete populations, which co-exist in individual bees and show age-specific abundance profiles. In contrast, strains present within these sequence-discrete populations were found to segregate into individual bees. Consequently, despite a conserved phylotype composition, each honey bee harbors a distinct community at the functional level. While ecological differentiation seems to facilitate coexistence at higher taxonomic levels, our findings suggest that, at the level of strains, priority effects during community assembly result in individualized profiles, despite the social lifestyle of the host. Our study underscores the need to move beyond phylotype-level characterizations to understand the function of this community, and illustrates its potential for strain-level analysis.
Memory T cells targeting oncogenic mutations detected in peripheral blood of epithelial cancer patients
Authors: Cafri Gal , Yossef Rami , Pasetto Anna , Deniger Drew C. , Lu Yong-Chen , Parkhurst Maria , Gartner Jared J. , Jia Li , Ray Satyajit , Ngo Lien T. , Jafferji Mohammad , Sachs Abraham , Prickett Todd , Robbins Paul F. , Rosenberg Steven A. 
Published: January 2019

AbstractT cells targeting shared oncogenic mutations can induce durable tumor regression in epithelial cancer patients. Such T cells can be detected in tumor infiltrating lymphocytes, but whether such cells can be detected in the peripheral blood of patients with the common metastatic epithelial cancer patients is unknown. Using a highly sensitive in vitro stimulation and cell enrichment of peripheral memory T cells from six metastatic cancer patients, we identified and isolated CD4+, and CD8+ memory T cells targeting the mutated KRASG12D and KRASG12V variants, respectively, in three patients. In an additional two metastatic colon cancer patients, we detected CD8+ neoantigen-specific cells targeting the mutated SMAD5 and MUC4 proteins. Therefore, memory T cells targeting unique as well as shared somatic mutations can be detected in the peripheral blood of epithelial cancer patients and can potentially be used for the development of effective personalized T cell-based cancer immunotherapy across multiple patients.
Chemical fuel-driven living and transient supramolecular polymerization
Authors: Jain Ankit , Dhiman Shikha , Dhayani Ashish , Vemula Praveen K. , George Subi J. 
Published: January 2019

AbstractTemporal control over self-assembly process is a desirable trait in the quest towards adaptable and controllable materials. The ability to devise synthetic ways to control the growth, as well as decay of materials has long been a property which only the biological systems could perform seamlessly. A common synthetic strategy which works on the biological principles such as chemical fuel-driven control over temporal self-assembly profile has not been completely realized synthetically. Here we show, we filled this dearth by showing that a chemical fuel driven self-assembling system can not only be grown in a controlled manner, but it can also result in precise control over the assembly and disassembly kinetics. Herein, we elaborate strategies which clearly show that once a chemical fuel driven self-assembly is established it can be made receptive to multiple molecular cues such that the inherent growth and decay characteristics are programmed into the ensemble.
A meta-analysis of catalytic literature data reveals property-performance correlations for the OCM reaction
Authors: Schmack Roman , Friedrich Alexandra , Kondratenko Evgenii V. , Polte Jörg , Werwatz Axel , Kraehnert Ralph 
Published: January 2019

AbstractDecades of catalysis research have created vast amounts of experimental data. Within these data, new insights into property-performance correlations are hidden. However, the incomplete nature and undefined structure of the data has so far prevented comprehensive knowledge extraction. We propose a meta-analysis method that identifies correlations between a catalyst’s physico-chemical properties and its performance in a particular reaction. The method unites literature data with textbook knowledge and statistical tools. Starting from a researcher’s chemical intuition, a hypothesis is formulated and tested against the data for statistical significance. Iterative hypothesis refinement yields simple, robust and interpretable chemical models. The derived insights can guide new fundamental research and the discovery of improved catalysts. We demonstrate and validate the method for the oxidative coupling of methane (OCM). The final model indicates that only well-performing catalysts provide under reaction conditions two independent functionalities, i.e. a thermodynamically stable carbonate and a thermally stable oxide support.
Robust and synthesizable photocatalysts for CO2 reduction: a data-driven materials discovery
Authors: Singh Arunima K. , Montoya Joseph H. , Gregoire John M. , Persson Kristin A. 
Published: January 2019

AbstractThe photocatalytic conversion of the greenhouse gas CO2to chemical fuels such as hydrocarbons and alcohols continues to be a promising technology for renewable generation of energy. Major advancements have been made in improving the efficiencies and product selectiveness of currently known CO2reduction electrocatalysts, nonetheless, materials discovery is needed to enable economically viable, industrial-scale CO2reduction. We report here the largest CO2photocathode search to date, starting with 68860 candidate materials, using a rational first-principles computation-based screening strategy to evaluate synthesizability, corrosion resistance, visible-light absorption, and compatibility of the electronic structure with fuel synthesis. The results confirm the observation of the literature that few materials meet the stringent CO2photocathode requirements, with only 52 materials meeting all requirements. The results are well validated with respect to the literature, with 9 of these materials having been studied for CO2reduction, and the remaining 43 materials are discoveries from our pipeline that merit further investigation.
420,000 year assessment of fault leakage rates shows geological carbon storage is secure
Authors: Miocic Johannes M. , Gilfillan Stuart M. V. , Frank Norbert , Schroeder-Ritzrau Andrea , Burnside Neil M. , Haszeldine R. Stuart 
Published: January 2019

AbstractCarbon capture and storage (CCS) technology is routinely cited as a cost effective tool for climate change mitigation. CCS can directly reduce industrial CO2 emissions and is essential for the retention of CO2 extracted from the atmosphere. To be effective as a climate change mitigation tool, CO2 must be securely retained for 10,000 years (10 ka) with a leakage rate of below 0.01% per year of the total amount of CO2 injected. Migration of CO2 back to the atmosphere via leakage through geological faults is a potential high impact risk to CO2 storage integrity. Here, we calculate for the first time natural leakage rates from a 420 ka paleo-record of CO2 leakage above a naturally occurring, faulted, CO2 reservoir in Arizona, USA. Surface travertine (CaCO3) deposits provide evidence of vertical CO2 leakage linked to known faults. U-Th dating of travertine deposits shows leakage varies along a single fault and that individual seeps have lifespans of up to 200 ka. Whilst the total volumes of CO2 required to form the travertine deposits are high, time-averaged leakage equates to a linear rate of less than 0.01%/yr. Hence, even this natural geological storage site, which would be deemed to be of too high risk to be selected for engineered geologic storage, is adequate to store CO2 for climate mitigation purposes.
Confinement of poly(allylamine) in Preyssler-type polyoxometalate and potassium ion framework for enhanced proton conductivity
Authors: Iwano Tsukasa , Miyazawa Satoru , Osuga Ryota , Kondo Junko N. , Honjo Kayako , Kitao Takashi , Uemura Takashi , Uchida Sayaka 
Published: January 2019

AbstractPolyoxometalate based solids are promising candidates of proton-conducting solid electrolytes. In this work, a Preyssler-type polyoxometalate is crystallized with potassium ions and poly(allylamine), which is also a good proton conductor, from aqueous solutions. Here we show that the hygroscopicity induced low durability of polyoxometalate and poly(allylamine) can be circumvented by the electrostatic interaction between the polyoxometalate and protonated amine moieties in the solid state. Crystalline compounds are synthesized with poly(allylamine) of different average molecular weights, and all compounds achieve proton conductivities of 10−2 S cm−1 under mild-humidity and low-temperature conditions. Spectroscopic studies reveal that the side-chain mobility of poly(allylamine) and hydrogen-bonding network rearrangement contribute to the proton conduction of compounds with poly(allylamine) of low and high average molecular weights, respectively. While numbers of proton-conducting amorphous polyoxometalate-polymer composites are reported previously, these results show both structure-property relationship and high functionality in crystalline composites.
Long non-coding RNA MALAT1 regulates BLCAP mRNA expression through binding to miR-339-5p and promotes poor prognosis in breast cancer
Authors: Zheng Liuhong , Zhang Yuhan , Fu Yajun , Gong Hangdi , Guo Jianjun , Wu Kangjing , Jia Qiaojun , Ding Xianfeng 
Published: January 2019

Abstract
The human genome transcribes a large amount of non-coding RNAs, including long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) and microRNAs. LncRNAs and microRNAs have been shown to play a critical regulatory role in tumorigenesis and progression. Competitive endogenous RNAs (ceRNAs) affect other RNAs transcription through competitively binding to common microRNAs (miRNAs). MALAT1 is a typical lncRNA that is markedly up-regulated in breast cancer. However, current understanding of the involvement of MALAT1 in breast cancer development and prognosis remains unclear. In the present study, the expression of MALAT1 in clinical samples of breast cancer tissues was found to be significantly up-regulated that was consistent with the result based on the dataset of the Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) at cBioportal. A negative correlation between overall survival and the expression of MALAT1 was statistically significant in the group of diagnosis age below 60 or in the group of infiltrating ductal carcinoma analyzed by TCGA database, which declared that MALAT1 might be a potentially useful prognostic factor. Furthermore, the combination of bioinformatics prediction with experimental verifications indicated that lncRNA MALAT1 can regulate BLCAP mRNA expression through binding to miR-339-5p.
Influence of inter‐turn short‐circuit fault on the loss of high speed permanent magnet generator with Gramme ring windings
Authors: Qiu Hongbo , Zhao Xifang , Wei Yanqi , Ran Yi , Yang Cunxiang 
Published: January 2019

The primary problem brought by high speed is high‐frequency loss. The loop current (LC) of inter‐turn short‐circuit fault causes serious distortion of the magnetic field in high speed permanent magnet generator (HSPMG), whose effects on the loss cannot be ignored. In order to reveal the influence mechanism of ITSC fault on the loss, the two‐dimensional finite element model of the 117 kW, 60,000 rpm HSPMG is established. By comparing calculation results and test data, the accuracy of the model is verified. The distribution of the eddy current density is studied, and the fundamental reason for the sharp increase of eddy‐current loss after fault is found. The core losses at different positions were obtained by segmenting stator core, and the variation mechanisms of core losses at different positions are revealed. The change of heat source distribution of stator core after fault is determined. The variation of winding copper loss after fault is analysed, and the influence degree of the LC on the fault phase and healthy phase copper loss is determined. In addition, because the temperature field is directly related to the loss, the research also laid a foundation for the next analysis of the temperature field.
Now in the historical courtroom
Authors: Claridge Claudia 
Published: January 2019

Abstract
The investigation of the pragmatic marker now in trial proceedings from 1560 to 1800 shows a
genre-specific usage profile with regard to its uses and functions. Courtroom “professionals” (lawyers, judges and other
officials) use now significantly more frequently than lay speakers (witnesses, victims and defendants). The
former use it to segment and highlight stages in the argumentation, as well as to control and to disalign with others’ interactive
behaviour. Self-defending litigants share these functional preferences to some extent, while all other lay persons use
now for structuring their answers and dominantly in direct-speech contexts. Now in
professional legal speech thus functions as a strategic metapragmatic framing strategy.
Typical event sequences as licensors of direct object ellipsis in Russian
Authors: McShane Marjorie 
Published: January 2019

Abstract
This paper extends the computationally-oriented theory of ellipsis presented in McShane’s A Theory of
Ellipsis (2005) by introducing the feature typical event
sequence. It is argued that, in Russian, the presence of a typical sequence of events in a pair of clauses can be the
key feature licensing the ellipsis of the latter’s direct object. The linguistic analysis contributes to a larger cognitive
modeling effort aimed at configuring language-endowed intelligent agents with human-level language understanding capabilities.
Detecting NiTi two-way shape memory effect based on microstructural and macromechanical parameters
Authors: Urbina C. , Gispert F. , Ferrando F. , De la Flor S. 
Published: January 2019

The two-way shape memory effect in NiTi shape memory alloys is identified according to the evolution of the apparent modulus of the martensite during mechanical cycling. The microstrain and texture index of the NiTi samples are evaluated with synchrotron data to relate the evolution to the changes in the NiTi microstructure caused by mechanical cycling. The results show that a progressive decrease in the apparent modulus of the martensite during load, together with an increase in the apparent modulus of the reoriented martensite, are a sign that the NiTi sample is developing the two-way memory effect by mechanical cycling. When the two moduli show the same value, the two-way shape memory effect is fully developed in the NiTi alloy. This paper is part of a thematic issue on Titanium.
Escaping the subject‐based class: A Finnish case study of developing transversal competencies in a transdisciplinary course
Authors: Eronen Lasse , Kokko Sirpa , Sormunen Kari 
Published: January 2019

AbstractIn 2014, the Finnish National Board of Education launched a new core curriculum with the aim of meeting the skills and competence requirements of the 21st century. The purpose of this case study was to find out what transversal competencies Finnish eighth graders developed and how they experienced studying in a problem‐based transdisciplinary course, which was arranged for the transitional stage between the former and the new curriculum. The qualitative data consisted of questionnaires and interviews. The analysis followed the methods of qualitative content analysis. When asked about their learning, the students commented on not having learnt much, referring to the discipline‐based knowledge. Instead, they had learnt skills through teamwork, problem solving, and expression of their views and opinions, an aspect that they did not clearly connect with the things to be learnt at school. Many students felt that they acquired the competencies that they would need later in their lives. The students’ teamwork had a crucial impact on their learning experience. The timeframe for the integrative approach needs careful consideration; the learning process in this course was perceived as being successful because it was long enough. Our study highlights that focusing on students’ views is critical when reforming curriculum.