bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Color and pumice stone problems in denim processing effluents: removal potential by integrated physical–chemical treatment
Authors: Hooshmand Masoomeh , Sözen Seval , Sensoy Hakan A , Orday Nurdan , Yagci Nevin , Orhon Derin 
Published: September 2019

AbstractBACKGROUNDDespite extensive research on textile wastewaters, very few studies have been devoted to denim processing effluents, basically ignoring the major pumice stone and color problems. This article defined an integrated physical–chemical pre‐treatment scheme as a sustainable solution, which would achieve full removal of pumice stone and color, and would provide an optimum adjustment of wastewater characteristics for biological treatment.RESULTSThis survey revealed a strong effluent with 1.0 g L−1 pumice stone (> 2 mm in size); 3.4 g L−1 total suspended solids (TSS) (< 2 mm in size); 1.15 g L−1 chemical oxygen demand (COD) and color 630 platinum‐cobalt (Pt‐Co) units, as 70 percentile values. Then, two representative samples approximating 70 percentile COD value were taken for laboratory‐scale evaluation involving a sequence of preliminary settling and chemical settling experiments. Preliminary settling for 1.0 h reduced the TSS levels to 760–520 mg L−1 and COD to 790–810 mg L−1 for samples 1 and 2, respectively. No appreciable reduction was observed for color. Chemical treatment with polyelectrolyte and poly‐aluminum chloride (PAC) exerted significant polishing impact on preliminary settling effluent, achieving almost complete removal of TSS, down to 60 mg L−1, additional COD reduction to a final level of 335 mg L−1. Moreover, color could be removed below 7.0 m−1 for all absorbance levels of 436, 525, and 630 nm tested in the experiments.CONCLUSIONThe integrated physical–chemical pre‐treatment scheme proved to be an effective and reliable approach, yielding an effluent free of TSS and color, with a COD level that can easily be eliminated through biological treatment. © 2019 Society of Chemical Industry
Catalyst‐free one‐pot regioselective synthesis of benzo[d]imidazo[2,1‐b]thiazoles by heating or grinding
Authors: Meena Kalawati , Saroha Mohit , Khurana Ishani , Malik Amita , Rai Pramod K. , Khurana Jitender M. 
Published: September 2019

AbstractEco‐friendly, efficient, and simple one‐pot catalyst‐free new procedures have been reported for the synthesis of benzo[d]imidazo[2,1‐b]thiazoles by condensation of phenylglyoxal, cyclic enolizable carbonyl compounds, and 2‐aminobenzothiazole at 80°C or by grinding the components at room temperature in glycerol. Cyclic enolizable carbonyl compounds employed in the protocol include dimedone, cyclohexa‐1,3‐dione, cyclopenta‐1,3‐dione, 5‐methylcyclohexa‐1,3‐dione, and 4‐hydroxy‐6‐methyl‐2‐pyrone. All the reactions were complete in ~30 min. The structures of all the products were confirmed by spectral data. The structures of compounds IVl and IVe have also been confirmed by X‐ray crystallographic studies. This protocol offers advantages such as short reaction time, easy workup, high yields and an environmentally benign methodology.
Long‐term outcome of methylmalonic aciduria after kidney, liver, or combined liver‐kidney transplantation: The French experience
Authors: Brassier Anaïs , Krug Pauline , Lacaille Florence , Pontoizeau Clément , Krid Saoussen , Sissaoui Samira , Servais Aude , Arnoux Jean‐Baptiste , Legendre Christophe , Charbit Marina , Scemla Anne , Francoz Claire , Benoist Jean‐François , Schiff Manuel , Mochel Fanny , Touati Guy , Broué Pierre , Cano Aline , Tardieu Marine , Querciagrossa Stefania , Grévent David , Boyer Olivia , Dupic Laurent , Oualha Mehdi , Girard Muriel , Aigrain Yves , Debray Dominique , Capito Carmen , Ottolenghi Chris , Salomon Rémi , Chardot Christophe , de Lonlay Pascale 
Published: September 2019

AbstractOrgan transplantation is discussed in methylmalonic aciduria (MMA) for renal failure, and poor quality of life and neurological outcome. We retrospectively evaluated 23 French MMA patients after kidney (KT), liver‐kidney (LKT), and liver transplantation (LT). Two patients died, one after LKT, one of hepatoblastoma after KT. One graft was lost early after KT. Of 18 evaluable patients, 12 previously on dialysis, 8 underwent KT (mean 12.5 years), 8 LKT (mean 7 years), and 2 LT (7 and 2.5 years). At a median follow‐up of 7.3 (KT), 2.3 (LKT), and 1.0 years (LT), no metabolic decompensation occurred except in 1 KT. Plasma and urine MMA levels dramatically decreased, more after LKT. Protein intake was increased more significantly after LKT than KT. Enteral nutrition was stopped in 7/8 LKT, 1/8 KT. Early complications were frequent after LKT. Neurological disorders occurred in four LKT, reversible in one. Five years after KT, four patients had renal failure. The metabolic outcomes were much better after LKT than KT. LKT in MMA is difficult but improves the quality of life. KT will be rarely indicated. We need more long‐term data to indicate early LT, in the hope to delay renal failure and prevent neurodevelopmental complications.
“In‐loop” carbonylation—A simplified method for carbon‐11 labelling of drugs and radioligands
Authors: Ferrat Mélodie , Dahl Kenneth , Halldin Christer , Schou Magnus 
Published: September 2019

AbstractTransition‐metal mediated carbonylation with 11C‐labelled carbon monoxide ([11C]CO) is a versatile method for introducing 11C (t1/2 = 20.3 min) into drugs and radioligands for subsequent use in positron emission tomography (PET). The aim of the current study was to perform the 11C‐carbonylation reaction on the interior surface of a stainless‐steel loop used for high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). In the experimental setup, cyclotron produced 11C‐labelled carbon dioxide ([11C]CO2) was converted to [11C]CO by reduction over heated Molybdenum and swept into an HPLC loop pre‐charged with the appropriate reaction mixture. Following a 5 min reaction, the radiochemical purity (RCP) and the trapping efficiency (TE) of the reaction mixture was determined. After optimization, [11C]N‐Benzylbenzamide was obtained in quantitative radiochemical yield (RCY) following a 5 min reaction at room temperature. The methodology was further applied to label [11C]benzoic acid (RCP≥99%, TE>91%), [11C]methyl benzoate (RCP≥99%, TE>93%) and [11C]phthalide (RCP≥99%, TE>88%). A set of pharmaceuticals was finally radiolabelled using non‐optimized conditions. Excellent yields were obtained for the histamine‐3 receptor radioligand [11C]AZ13198083, the oncology drug [11C]olaparib and the dopamine D2 receptor radioligand [11C]raclopride, whereas a moderate yield was observed for the high‐affinity dopamine D2 receptor radioligand [11C]FLB457. The presented “in‐loop” process proved efficient for diverse 11C‐carbonylations, providing [11C]amides, [11C]esters and [11C]carboxylic acids in moderate to excellent RCYs. Based on the advantages associated with performing the radiolabelling step as an integrated part of the purification system, this methodology may become a valuable addition to the toolbox of methodologies used for 11C‐carbonylation of drugs and radioligands for PET.
Large neutral amino acid status in association with P:T ratio and diet in adult and pediatric patients with phenylketonuria
Authors: Douglas Teresa D. , Nucci Anita M. , Berry Ann M. , Henes Sarah T. , Singh Rani H. 
Published: September 2019

AbstractBackgroundIntake of large neutral amino acids (LNAA) may inhibit phenylalanine (PHE) transport across the blood brain barrier and assist with blood PHE control in patients with phenylketonuria (PKU). We evaluated the interrelationship between LNAA in plasma and diet on Phe:Tyr (P:T) ratio in patients with PKU and the influence of dietary factors on plasma LNAA markers.MethodsPlasma amino acid values and 3‐day food record analysis from two studies (34 male/30 female; age 4.6‐47 years) were examined. For pediatrics (<18 years) and adults (≥18 years) the relationship between P:T ratio, plasma LNAA, and dietary intake patterns were investigated.ResultsDietary factors influencing P:T ratio included intake of total protein (g/kg), medical food (MF) protein (g/kg, % below Rx), and LNAA (g) in the full cohort (P < .05). Associations were found between plasma valine and other dietary and plasma LNAA in pediatrics (P < .05) and plasma LNAA with dietary LNAA intake in adults (P = .019). Plasma P:T ratio was inversely associated with plasma LNAA concentrations in both age groups (P < .05). Aside from histidine in pediatrics (P = .024), plasma LNAA did not differ by having plasma PHE levels within or above the therapeutic range (120‐360 μmol/L). Plasma LNAA in both age groups was similar to reported healthy control values.ConclusionP:T ratio is significantly tied to dietary LNAA, adherence to MF Rx, and plasma LNAA concentrations. Additionally, P:T ratio and valine may be effective clinical proxies for determining LNAA metabolic balance and LNAA quality of the diet in patients with PKU.
So far, so good: Up to now, the challenge–hindrance framework describes a practical and accurate distinction
Authors: O'Brien Kimberly E. , Beehr Terry A. 
Published: September 2019

SummaryThere are many ways to categorize work‐related stressors, and in recent years, a common distinction in occupational health psychology is between stressors viewed as challenges versus hindrances. Is this a useful conceptualization that provides practical and theoretical implications for IO psychologists? As Kurt Lewin famously prescribed, “there is nothing so practical as a good theory,” and we discuss the challenge–hindrance framework as a developing theory that can be useful for researchers and practitioners. We note that some of the early thinking and development of the challenge–hindrance distinction relied on both resource and appraisal theories of stress. Overall, we find that the challenge–hindrance distinction can be viewed as a framework that is useful by producing interesting, valuable, and innovative research. Simply striving to find meaningful and useful categorizations of stressors can lead us to discover new insights into the occupational stress domain, and the challenge–hindrance categories have already spurred a great deal of research.
Time‐resolved assessment of drying plants by Brillouin and Raman spectroscopies
Authors: Rakymzhan A. , Yakupov T. , Yelemessova Z. , Bukasov R. , Yakovlev V.V. , Utegulov Z.N. 
Published: September 2019

AbstractRaman and Brillouin spectroscopies enable noninvasive assessment of chemical and elastic properties of biomaterials, respectively. In this report, Brillouin microspectroscopy was used for the time‐resolved analysis of elastic properties of Populus and Geranium leaves, whereas Raman microspectroscopy was employed for the assessment of their chemical variation during drying. Spectroscopic assessment of elastic and chemical properties can improve our understanding of mechanochemical changes of plants in response to environmental stress and pathogens at the microscopic cellular level. This report demonstrates the potential of multimodal optical sensing and imaging of plants as an emerging technique for the quantitative assessment of agricultural crops.
Enhanced microbial respiration due to carbon sequestration in pruning litter incorporated soil reduced the net carbon dioxide flux from atmosphere to tea ecosystem
Authors: Pramanik Prabhat , Phukan Manabjyoti 
Published: September 2019

AbstractBACKGROUNDTea (Camellia sinensisL.) bushes are periodically (at 3–4 year intervals) pruned (cut from top) to maintain vegetative growth stage and constant height. Plant residues (prunings litter) generated after pruning are generally left in the field as a potential source of organic matter in soil. Organic carbon (C) sequestration due to pruning litter incorporation is expected to increase microbial activity in soil. Being an evergreen plant, tea bushes assimilate atmospheric carbon dioxide (CO2) throughout the year; however, the relation between decomposition of pruning litters and net CO2flux for tea plantation have not been studied before. The objective of this experiment was to evaluate the relation between organic C accumulation and microbial respiration in pruning litters incorporated soil and its subsequent effect on the net CO2flux from the atmosphere to tea plantation.RESULTSTea bushes assimilated 1878.2–2371.2 kg CO2ha−1from the atmosphere within December to November; however, pruned bushes assimilated 1451.7–1840.8 kg CO2ha−1within the same period. Decomposition of pruning litters added organic matter in soil, which was mostly accumulated in larger soil aggregates having 2.0–0.25 mm size. Such organic matter accumulation significantly increased microbial respiration in those aggregates, which in turn increased the overall rate of CO2emission from soil to the atmosphere.CONCLUSIONDecomposition of pruning litters leads to emission of 426.5–530.4 kg CO2ha−1from soil. Hence, pruned areas recorded relatively lower (16.0–27.4%) net CO2flux from the atmosphere to tea ecosystem as compared to unpruned tea bushes. © 2019 Society of Chemical Industry
Nature of optical products inverted semianalytically from remote sensing reflectance of stratified waters
Authors: Lee Zhongping , Shang Shaoling , Wang Yongchao , Wei Jianwei , Ishizaka Joji 
Published: September 2019

AbstractAnalytical expressions between inherent optical properties (IOPs) retrieved using semi‐analytical algorithms (SAAs) and the vertical distributions of IOPs are derived based on an analytical model for subsurface remote sensing reflectance (rrs). These expressions provide a theoretical and comprehensive understanding of the inverted IOPs for stratified waters and lay the foundation to obtain equivalent products from profiling measurements for apple‐to‐apple comparison of the remotely sensed properties. It is found that the backscattering coefficient (bb) derived from an rrs spectrum via an SAA is governed by rrs in the longer wavelengths, consequently the inverted bb has less (or negligible) contributions from deeper depths, such as the subsurface chlorophyll maximum. In addition, the inverted bb spectrum does not have the spectral feature of the vertically weighted average bb. The SAA‐derived absorption coefficients, on the other hand, are found related to both the weighting profile at the wavelength of interest and the weighting profile in the longer wavelength(s). As a result, the absorption coefficients in the shorter wavelengths inverted from a perfect SAA are generally lower (can be 40% or more) than its vertically weighted average unless the surface layer dominates the diffuse attenuation of light. Furthermore, unlike the historical perception of remotely sensed chlorophyll concentration (Chl) for stratified waters, SAA‐derived Chl is also sensitive to the vertical profile of bb and tends to be lower than its vertically weighted average assuming perfect bio‐optical relationships, unless surface properties dominate the water column.
Pyranine‐Modified Amphiphilic Polymer Conetworks as Fluorescent Ratiometric pH Sensors
Authors: Ulrich Sebastian , Osypova Alina , Panzarasa Guido , Rossi René M. , Bruns Nico , Boesel Luciano F. 
Published: September 2019

AbstractThe fluorescent dye 8‐hydroxypyrene‐1,3,6‐trisulfonate (pyranine) combines high photostability with ratiometric pH detection in the physiological range, making it a prime candidate for optical sensors in biomedical applications, such as pH‐based chronic wound monitoring. However, pyranine's high water solubility and the difficulty of covalent attachment pose severe limitations in terms of leaching from sensor matrices. Herein, pyranine‐modified nanophase‐separated amphiphilic polymer conetworks (APCNs) are reported as fluorescent ratiometric pH sensors. The thin, freestanding APCN membranes composed of one hydrophilic and one hydrophobic polymer provide an optically transparent, flexible, and stable ideal matrix that enables contact between dye and aqueous environment. An active ester‐based conjugation approach results in a highly homogeneous and stable pyranine modification of the APCN's hydrophilic phase. This concept effectively solves the leaching challenge for pyranine without compromising its functionality, which is demonstrated by ratiometric pH detection in the range of pH 5–9.
On the potential use of dynamic contrast‐enhanced (DCE) MRI parameters as radiomic features of cervical cancer
Authors: Lu Yi , Peng Wenwen , Song Jiao , Chen Tao , Wang Xue , Hou Zujun , Yan Zhihan , Koh Tong San 
Published: September 2019

PurposeTo evaluate whether the analysis of high‐temporal resolution DCE‐MRI by various tracer kinetic models could yield useful radiomic features in discriminating cervix carcinoma and normal cervix tissue.MethodsForty‐three patients (median age 51 yr; range 26–78 yr) diagnosed with cervical cancer based on postoperative pathology were enrolled in this study with informed consent. DCE‐MRI data with temporal resolution of 2 s were acquired and analyzed using the Tofts (TOFTS), extended Tofts (EXTOFTS), conventional two‐compartment (CC), adiabatic tissue homogeneity (ATH), and distributed parameter (DP) models. Ability of all kinetic parameters in distinguishing tumor from normal tissue was assessed using Mann–Whitney U test and receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves. Repeatability of parameter estimates due to sampling of arterial input functions (AIFs) was also studied using intraclass correlation (ICC) analysis.ResultsFractional extravascular, extracellular volume (Ve) of all models were significantly smaller in cervix carcinoma than normal cervix tissue, and were associated with large values of area under ROC curve (AUC 0.884–0.961). Capillary permeability PS derived from the ATH, CC, and DP models also yielded large AUC values (0.730, 0.860, and 0.797). Transfer constant Ktrans derived from TOFTS and EXTOFTS models yielded smaller AUC (0.587 and 0.701). Repeatability of parameters derived from all models was robust to AIF sampling, with ICC coefficients typically larger than 0.80.ConclusionsWith the use of high‐temporal resolution DCE‐MRI, all tracer kinetic models could reflect pathophysiological differences between cervix carcinoma and normal tissue (with significant differences in Ve and PS) and potentially yield radiomic features with diagnostic value.
Integrating normative values and/in value creation: A strategic management decision aid tool for social enterprises' values practices
Authors: Michaud Valérie , Tello‐Rozas Sonia 
Published: September 2019

AbstractNormative values are one of the most central motives for the creation of nonprofits and social enterprises. Nevertheless, their actual role in the management of these organizations has been little explored. Furthermore, the social enterprise literature has typically approached the concept of value from a value creation perspective. This paper looks at the role played by normative values in the strategic management decisions of a nonprofit social enterprise and unpacks the dynamics between the enactment of these values and the creation of social and economic value. In terms of practical implications, this research allows for proposal of a value‐based, strategic management decision aid tool that emerged from the in‐depth, longitudinal study of a work integration social enterprise. Our findings suggest that the enactment of normative values can actually feed in economic value creation, which, in turn, allows for strengthened respect of the normative values, thus generating virtuous cycles that ultimately help the organization to find a coherence between its social mission and market.
Proton therapy following induction chemotherapy for pediatric and adolescent nasopharyngeal carcinoma
Authors: Uezono Haruka , Indelicato Daniel J. , Rotondo Ronny L. , Sandler Eric S. , Katzenstein Howard M. , Dagan Roi , Mendenhall William M. , Mailhot Vega Raymond , Brennan Bernadette M. , Bradley Julie A. 
Published: September 2019

AbstractPurposeIn children treated for nasopharyngeal carcinoma, proton therapy and postchemotherapy target volumes can reduce the radiation dose to developing tissue in the brain and the skull base region. We analyzed outcomes in children with nasopharyngeal carcinoma treated with induction chemotherapy followed by moderate‐dose proton therapy.Methods/MaterialsSeventeen patients with nonmetastatic nonkeratinizing undifferentiated/poorly differentiated nasopharyngeal carcinoma underwent double‐scattered proton therapy between 2011 and 2017. Median age was 15.3 years (range, 7‐21). The American Joint Committee on Cancer T and N stage distribution included the following: T1, one patient; T2, five patients; T3, two patients; and T4, nine patients; and N1, six patients; N2, nine patients; and N3, two patients. Median radiation dose to the primary target volume and enlarged lymph nodes was 61.2 Gy (range, 59.4‐61.2). Uninvolved cervical nodes received 45 Gy (range, 45‐46.8). All radiation was delivered at 1.8 Gy/fraction daily using sequential plans. In 11 patients, photon‐based intensity‐modulated radiotherapy was used for elective neck irradiation to optimize dose homogeneity and improve target conformity. All patients received induction chemotherapy; all but one received concurrent chemotherapy. Five received adjuvant beta‐interferon therapy.ResultsMedian follow‐up was 3.0 years (range, 1.6‐7.9). No patients were lost to follow‐up. Overall survival, progression‐free survival, and local control rates were 100%. Fifteen patients developed mucositis requiring enteral feeding (n = 14) or total parenteral nutrition (n = 1) during radiotherapy. Serious late side effects included cataract (n = 1), esophageal stenosis requiring dilation (n = 1), sensorineural hearing loss requiring aids (n = 1), and hormone deficiency (n = 5, including three with isolated hypothyroidism).ConclusionFollowing induction chemotherapy, moderate‐dose proton therapy can potentially reduce toxicity in the brain and skull base region without compromising disease control. However, further follow‐up is needed to fully characterize and evaluate any reduction in long‐term complications.
Models of care for adolescent and young adult cancer programs
Authors: Osborn Michael , Johnson Rebecca , Thompson Kate , Anazodo Antoinette , Albritton Karen , Ferrari Andrea , Stark Daniel 
Published: September 2019

AbstractThis review draws on the experience of adolescent and young adult (AYA) cancer clinicians from Australia, the United States, and the United Kingdom to summarize common aspects of models of care implemented in their countries. The principles underpinning these models include patient‐ and family‐focused care informed by an understanding of normal AYA development, enhancing existing adult or pediatric cancer services to meet the needs of AYA, and promoting collaboration between pediatric and adult oncologists. Common elements of AYA cancer care include establishing an AYA multidisciplinary team that integrates medical and psychosocial care, efforts to centralize complex care, providing access and equity for all AYA, promoting clinical trials, and helping facilitate transition to healthy survivorship. Several organizational approaches are described, noting that local program development depends on resources, infrastructure, and assessment of unmet needs within the region. The development of national networks provides opportunities for shared learning and approaches to evaluation.