bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Comparison of ultrasound-guided and landmark-based techniques for central venous catheterization via the external jugular vein in healthy anesthetized dogs
Authors: Hundley Danielle M. , Brooks Aimee C. , Thomovsky Elizabeth J. , Johnson Paula A. , Freeman Lynetta J. , Schafbuch Ryan M. , Heng Hock Gan , Moore George E. 
Published: May 2018

Abstract
OBJECTIVE To compare time to achieve vascular access (TTVA) between an ultrasound-guided technique (UST) and landmark-based technique (LMT) for central venous catheter (CVC) placement in healthy anesthetized dogs.
ANIMALS 39 purpose-bred hounds.
PROCEDURES Anesthetized dogs that were hemodynamically stable following completion of a terminal surgical exercise were enrolled in the study during 2 phases, with a 45-day intermission between phases. For each dog, a UST and LMT were used for CVC placement via each external jugular vein by 2 operators (criticalist and resident). The TTVA and number of venipuncture attempts and catheter redirections were recorded for each catheterization. Placement of the CVC was confirmed by contrast fluoroscopy. After euthanasia, a gross dissection was performed during which a hematoma score was assigned to the catheter insertion site. For each phase, nonlinear least squares estimation was used for learning curve analysis of the UST.
RESULTS Median TTVA, number of venipuncture attempts and catheter redirections, and hematoma score did not differ significantly between the 2 operators for either technique. Median TTVA for the UST (45 seconds) was significantly longer than that for the LMT (7 seconds). Learning curve analysis indicated that 8 and 7 UST catheterizations were required to achieve performance stability in phases 1 and 2, respectively.
CONCLUSIONS AND CLINICAL RELEVANCE Results indicated that the UST was comparable to the LMT for CVC placement in healthy dogs. The extra time required to perform the UST was not clinically relevant. Additional studies evaluating the UST for CVC placement in clinically ill dogs are warranted.
Quantification and prognostic value of programmed cell death ligand-1 expression in dogs with diffuse large B-cell lymphoma
Authors: Ambrosius Lisbeth A. , Dhawan Deepika , Ramos-Vara José A. , Ruple Audrey , Knapp Deborah W. , Childress Michael O. 
Published: May 2018

Abstract
OBJECTIVE To measure programmed cell death ligand-1 (PD-L1) mRNA expression in archived primary nodal diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL) specimens of dogs and determine whether that expression was associated with progression-free survival time (PFST).
SAMPLE Archived tumoral lymph node specimens from 42 dogs with DLBCL and lymph node specimens from 10 healthy dogs (controls).
PROCEDURES Archived tumoral and control lymph node specimens underwent multiplex qPCR analysis with probes and primers against canine PD-L1 and glyceraldehyde 3-phosphate dehydrogenase (housekeeping gene) to determine PD-L1 mRNA expression. The 2−ΔΔCt method was used to calculate the fold change in PD-L1 expression in DLBCL specimens relative to that in control lymph nodes. Kaplan-Meier and Cox proportional hazard analyses were used to evaluate the association of various tumoral and clinical factors with PFST.
RESULTS The fold change in PD-L1 mRNA expression in DLBCL specimens relative to control specimens ranged from 0.21 to 7.44. Twenty-one of 42 (50%) DLBCL specimens had a PD-L1-fold change > 1, which suggested PD-L1 was overexpressed in those specimens. Median PFST was 249 days for dogs with DLBCL. The PFST was not associated with PD-L1 mRNA expression but was associated with thrombocytopenia at the time of diagnosis (hazard ratio, 2.56; 95% confidence interval, 1.28 to 5.15).
CONCLUSIONS AND CLINICAL RELEVANCE Results indicated that tumoral PD-L1 mRNA expression varied among dogs with DLBCL and that PD-L1 MRNA was overexpressed in half the study population. Therefore, anti–PD-L1 therapies may be clinically beneficial for some dogs with DLBCL.
Pharmacokinetics of enrofloxacin and its metabolite ciprofloxacin following single-dose subcutaneous injection in black-tailed prairie dogs (Cynomys ludovicianus)
Authors: Eshar David , Wright Louden T. , McCullough Christina E. , Kukanich Butch 
Published: May 2018

Abstract
OBJECTIVE To determine plasma concentrations of enrofloxacin and its active metabolite ciprofloxacin following single-dose SC administration to black-tailed prairie dogs (Cynomys ludovicianus).
ANIMALS 8 captive healthy 6-month-old sexually intact male black-tailed prairie dogs.
PROCEDURES Enrofloxacin (20 mg/kg) was administered SC once to 6 prairie dogs and IV once to 2 prairie dogs. A blood sample was collected from each animal immediately before (0 hours) and 0.5, 1, 2, 4, 8, 12, and 24 hours after drug administration to evaluate the pharmacokinetics of enrofloxacin and ciprofloxacin. Plasma enrofloxacin and ciprofloxacin concentrations were quantified with ultraperformance liquid chromatography–mass spectrometry, and noncompartmental pharmacokinetic analysis was performed.
RESULTS Enrofloxacin was biotransformed to ciprofloxacin in the prairie dogs used in the study. For total fluoroquinolones (enrofloxacin and ciprofloxacin), the mean (range) of peak plasma concentration, time to maximum plasma concentration, and terminal half-life after SC administration were 4.90 μg/mL (3.44 to 6.08 μg/mL), 1.59 hours (0.5 to 2.00 hours), and 4.63 hours (4.02 to 5.20 hours), respectively.
CONCLUSIONS AND CLINICAL RELEVANCE Results indicated that administration of enrofloxacin (20 mg/kg, SC, q 24 h) in black-tailed prairie dogs may be appropriate for treatment of infections with bacteria for which the minimum inhibitory concentration of enrofloxacin is ≤ 0.5 μg/mL. However, clinical studies are needed to determine efficacy of such enrofloxacin treatment.
Performance Motivation of Bratislava University Students
Authors: Šmela Pavel , Pačesová Petra , Kraček Stanislav , Halačová Nina 
Published: May 2018

Summary
The aim of the Study was to broaden the findings regarding the performance motivation of the students of the universities in Bratislava segmented according to university type. The research sample comprised 248 undergraduates (males: n = 141; 22.40 years of age ± 1.62 and females: n = 107; 21.78 years of age ± 1.49). A standardised performance motivation questionnaire (PMQ) was used to measure performance motivation (Pardel, Maršálová & Hrabovská 1992). The Kolmogorov-Smirnov test was used to evaluate data normality, while the Kruskal-Wallis test and Mann-Whitney test were used to test the significance of the differences between individual independent selections. The results revealed significant differences in performance motivation (H(5) = 76.730, p = .000, η2 = .307), anxiety inhibiting performance (H(5) = 128.270, p = .000, η2 = .591) and anxiety supporting performance (H(5) = 95.754, p = .000, η2 = .331) among undergraduates of various types of schools. The students of the Faculty of Physical Education and Sport of Comenius University in Bratislava show significant differences (p < .001) in all of three dimensions of performance motivation in comparison with all of the other undergraduates segmented in accordance with various school types. Our findings can be explained by the more intensive sporting activity of the students of the Faculty of Physical Education and Sport, Comenius University.
Exit School and its Outcomes on Health-Related Fitness
Authors: Zerf Mohammed , Hadjarkherfane Mohamed 
Published: May 2018

Summary
School-based interventions are thought to be the most universally applicable and effective way to counteract low physical activity (PA) and fitness. Whereas Exit school it is not included.

Method: For purpose, this controlled study verified the effect of Leaving school on the health relate to fitness among the unschooled.

Results: Based on the validity of alpha health-related fitness test battery, the design of study and statistical processes applied within search limitation. Our results caution against school dropouts on levels of health relate to fitness among the unschooled. Admit in five motor abilities namely strength, speed, endurance, flexibility and coordinative abilities, according to present study. Reported in the benefit of student scholar as an active lifestyle.

Conclusion: our results recommended all the Algerian dropouts-students to know the overall impact of participating and being involved in outdoor sport activities, subjected in this study as getting positive effects regarding active lifestyle, which in turn helps dropouts-students, to achieve a health-enhancing level of physical fitness and preventing them from disorders like obesity, laziness and stress related to life and their complication. A truth that leads us to recommended our teachers to understand the benefits of outdoor education sport or pro-socials activities contents as part of young people's educational experiences, to structure their free time in beneficial activities, including recreation, academic and cultural enrichment, opportunities for pursuit of individual interests and volunteer activities, especially before being expelled from their school.
Intersubjectivity and the domains of social interaction: proposal of a cross-sectional approach
Authors: Stevanovic Melisa , Koski Sonja E. 
Published: May 2018

Abstract
Intersubjectivity is a concept central to human interaction, broadly understood as the sharing of minds. There is a rich diversity of conceptualizations of intersubjectivity, but detailed operationalization for its component processes in social interactions are scarce. We propose a novel approach to examine detailed variation in intersubjectivity in interaction. Our approach combines two previously formulated frameworks: the hierarchically organized developmental levels of intersubjectivity put forth in the field of developmental psychology, and three domains or orders of social interaction - affect, deontics, and epistemics - discussed in conversation analytic research literature. The interdisciplinary integration of these two frameworks allows a more crystallized view of intersubjectivity, which will benefit our understanding of the fine-scale social interaction processes as they vary in the course of the moment-to-moment unfolding of social action, across different stages of human social development, and between individuals belonging to different clinical groups and even to different species.
Avaliação do conhecimento sobre a bioequivalência dos fármacos em uma Universidade particular
Authors: Salles Amanda Caroline de Souza , Oliveira Brenda Ferreira de , Carvalho Matheus José Ferreira , Pereira Maury Luz , França Thayná Millena Nunes 
Published: May 2018

A bioequivalência é definida pela ausência de diferença significativa na velocidade e extensão pela qual a substância ativa, presente em equivalentes ou alternativas farmacêuticas torna-se disponível no local de ação, quando administrado na mesma dose molar e sob condições similares em um estudo apropriadamente desenhado. É de suma importância avaliar o conhecimento das pessoas acerca deste assunto, haja vista que, no cotidiano, a bioequivalência dos fármacos é ignorada. Grande parte dos tratamentos com fármacos, inclusive a antibioticoterapia, não têm resultados efetivos devido à falta de informações dos pacientes. Neste sentido, este trabalho avaliou o conhecimento de homens e mulheres (funcionários, acadêmicos, professores e técnicos) sobre a bioequivalência dos fármacos. De acordo com os resultados previamente apresentados é possível concluir que a maioria das pessoas não sabe diferenciar medicamentos de referência, genéricos e similares. Homens e mulheres apresentam dificuldades para diferenciar embalagem de medicamento similar e de referência. O número de homens que compra medicamentos pela “qualidade” é menor em relação ao número de mulheres. Haja vista que em grande parte das perguntas, mulheres tiveram mais resultados positivos em relação ao conhecimento da bioequivalência dos fármacos, enquanto os homens entrevistados apresentaram mais resultados negativos em relação ao conhecimento da bioequivalência dos fármacos. Palavras-chave: Bioequivalência, Fármacos,Universidade Particular
Publicar é preciso
Authors: Monteiro Silvio Gomes 
Published: May 2018

Editorial Divulgar é precisoSilvio Gomes Monteiro Segundo Hipócrates há uma grande diferença entre saber e crer que se sabe. A Ciência consiste em saber, enquanto que a ignorância está em crer que se sabe. Assim sendo, a Revista de Investigação Biomédica, vem de maneira estoica cumprir a importante missão de divulgar os avanços da ciência nas áreas biológicas e da saúde, assim um maior número de pessoa poderão realmente saber deixando de lado a ignorância do achar que sabe. Apesar da crise econômica e política que passar o País e o baixo investimento que o governo tem disponibilizado as Universidades para o ensino, pesquisa e extensão, as descobertas não podem parar, pois questões são feitas e precisam ser respondidas para que soluções sejam encontradas e divulgadas, por isso o que o lema de todo periódico científico é “divulgar é preciso”, apesar dos pesares, pois a pedra angular das ciências está na curiosidade humana em querer conhecer e aprender mais e mais. Isso explica a maior quantidade de pesquisa que foram enviadas para RIB e com isso ela passou a ser semestral em 2017, mas tem como meta daqui a um ano ou dois anos ser trimestral. O segundo fascículo do volume 9 da Revista de Investigação Biomédica (RIB), contém os seguintes artigos originais: Avaliação de primers universais bacteriano em PCR in silicoEstudo da interação de diferentes antibacterianos em linhagens de Escherichia coli uropatogênicasVirulência de isolados clínicos de Candida tropicalisPerfil epidemiológico dos casos de intoxicação notificados no Estado do MaranhãoComparação da postura cervical de crianças e adolescentes com e sem disfunção temporomandibularAvaliação do conhecimento sobre a bioequivalência dos fármacos em uma Universidade particularRepercussões no neonato da utilização de redes de descanso e posição pronoPerfil epidemiológico de idosas vinculadas a um clube de repousoAvaliação da qualidade de vida de idosas vinculadas a um clube de repouso E 4 artigos de revisão, cujos temas abordados são: Perfil microbiológico bucal dos pacientes portadores de osteonecrose maxilar induzida por bisfosfonatosÓleo essencial da Canela (Cinamaldeído) e suas aplicações biológicas.Os fatores de riscos envolvidos no desenvolvimento da hipertensão infantil e suas consequênciasContribuições da atenção farmacêutica á pacientes em tratamento oncológico Desse modo, toda a equipe da RIB deseja a todos os leitores boas leituras e descobertas.
The THE ECOLOGICAL QUALITY STATUS OF THE ORGANIC SHRIMP FARMING PONDS: USE OF A NEW BIOTIC INDICES
Authors: Thành Thái Trần 
Published: May 2018

In spite of the development and widespread dissemination of the model organic shrimp farming systems, the biological communities in the organic shrimp farming ponds have still very limited. Therefore, we conducted a field survey for macrobenthic communities (MC) of the Tam Giang‘s organic shrimp farming ponds (TGOSFP) located in Tam Giang commune, Nam Can district, Ca Mau province during three seasons in 2015 (March - dry, July - transfer and November - wet season). The results indicated that the MC have characterized by high density and slightly diversity that is a rich natural food sources for shrimp in the TGOSFP. Further more, the present study is a first attempt to use of new indices (AMBI - AZTI’s Marine Biotic Index) on MC for determining the ecological quality status of sediment (EcoQ) in the TGOSFP. The following results were also recorded with an undisturbed and slightly disturbed EcoQ in the TGOSFP and the general EcoQ would likely be improved between three seasons. The success of AMBI for detecting EcoQ in Vietnam is specific to this study, but AMBI was likely to improved, in particular tropical regions.
İNCİR İHRACATINI ETKİLEYEN FAKTÖRLER: AYDIN ÖRNEĞİ
Authors: KIRICI Nurhan 
Published: May 2018

İncir önemli bir besin
kaynağı ve sanayi hammaddesidir. Türkiye, dünyada incir üretiminde ilk sırada
yer almakta olup, üretilen incirler yaklaşık yüz ülkeye ihraç edilmektedir.
Ancak Türkiye’nin incir ihracatından elde ettiği gelir düşüktür. Bu durum, incir
ihracatında katma değeri yüksek ürünlere yönelinmesi, marka değeri olan
ürünlere ağırlık verilmesi ve uluslararası pazarlama stratejilerinden doğru
biçimde yararlanılması gerektiğini göstermektedir. Bunun için, küreselleşmenin,
ekonomik entegrasyon ve işbirliklerinin arttığı, dış ticarette rekabetin
yükseldiği 21. yüzyılda, incir üreticilerinin de Ar&amp;Ge ve inovasyonla
kendini yenilemeleri gerekmektedir. Bu çalışmada; Aydın’da incir ihracatı yapan
firmalara yüz yüze anket uygulanmış ve elde edilen veriler SPSS programı ile
analiz edilmiştir. Analiz sonucunda;
Ar-ge ve inovasyona önem veren, uluslararası tescilli markası olan, gıda analiz
laboratuvarına sahip bulunan ve uluslararası fuarlara katılan firmaların
ihracat performanslarının daha yüksek olduğu tespit edilmiştir.
IbM Penyulingan Minyak Kayu Putih dan Briket Arang di Desa Delo dan Raekore
Authors: Ully Dedy Nataniel , Wuwur Bernadus 
Published: May 2018

Villagers of Delo and Raekore have a traditional eucalyptus refining business by boiling the eucalyptus leaves for aromatic oils. Eucalyptus oil produced quite well, it's just a long distillation process that is 5 to 6 hours so it requires a lot of wood. While the availability of firewood in the forest is currently quite difficult, so people often cut down trees in the forest. So need to find a solution by changing the way of boiling by steam method and using charcoal fuel made from coconut shell, because it has a higher calorific value than the shell is burned directly. Traditional refined eucalyptus oil products, ranging from 2 to 3 beer bottles (1 bottle of beer = 350 ml) per day, so that through the activities of IbM can apply the appropriate technology products that is the installation of wood crude oil refinery by steam method and the using of briquette fuel. The steamed container produced has a volume of 160 liters while the charcoal briquette printing device is capable of printing 8 charcoal briquettes in one print. The using of refinery installations by steam method and charcoal charcoal fuel, can increase the production capacity of eucalyptus oil to encourage economic improvement of Delo and Raekore villagers. The eucalyptus refining oil refinery has a production capacity of 4 to 5 bottles of beer (1 bottle of beer = 350 ml) per day and charcoal briquette presses have a production capacity of 8 charcoal briquettes.
TRAINING OF SCIENTIFIC PAPERS WRITING FOR HIGH SCHOOL TEACHER TO IMPROVE THE QUALITY OF THE TEACHER
Authors: Herowati Rina , Widodo Gunawan Pamuji , Supriyadi Supriyadi , Sunarti Sunarti , Keswara Yane Dila , Purnamasari Nuraini Dewi 
Published: May 2018

ABSTRACTThe professional development of the teachers through the writing of scientific papers needs to be improved. The obstacle faced by teachers so they did not write scientific paper mainly are caused by limitation of time and not understanding the rules of writing a scientific paper. This devotional activity aims to improve teachers' motivation to write scientific papers and improve the ability for the teachers to write scientific papers to produce as many articles as published in scientific journals. The method used is situational analysis by interviewing the principal and distributing questionnaires. Furthermore, the preparation of materials, lectures and discussions, as well as accompaniment of scientific writing until the participants successfully publish their articles in scientific journalsKeywords: quality improvement, scientific papers, teachers ABSTRAKPengembangan profesionalitas guru melalui penulisan karya ilmiah perlu ditingkatkan. Kendala yang dihadapi guru sehingga tidak menulis karya ilmiah terutama adalah belum ada waktu dan belum paham aturan penulisan karya ilmiah. Kegiatan pengabdian ini bertujuan untuk meningkatkan motivasi guru menulis karya ilmiah dan meningkatkan kemampuan guru menulis karya ilmiah hingga dihasilkan sebanyak mungkin artikel yang dipublikasikan di jurnal ilmiah. Metode yang dilakukan adalah analisis situasi dengan wawancara dengan kepala sekolah dan penyebaran kuesioner. Selanjutnya dilakukan penyusunan materi, ceramah dan diskusi, serta pendampingan penulisan karya ilmiah hingga peserta berhasil menerbitkan artikelnya di jurnal ilmiah.KataKunci: guru, karya ilmiah, peningkatan kualitas
HBeAg positive chronic HBV with persistent normal ALT: Not treat now
Authors: Leerapun Apinya 
Published: May 2018

Chronic hepatitis B virus infection is a major cause of cirrhosis and hepatocellular carcinomaworldwide. Antiviral treatment can safely and effectively suppress viral replication and reduce riskof disease progression but need long term therapy. However, understanding the natural history ofhepatitis B virus infection is important when deciding whether to treat or not to treat the patients.On the basis of virus-host interaction, the natural course of HBV infection can be divided into four phases.The elevation of alanine aminotransferase (ALT) level is an important indicator of immune-mediatedinflammation to eliminate HBV infected hepatocyte. The individual patients with normal ALTare assume to be the immune tolerance phase and low risk to disease progression.

Figure 1 ระยะของการติดเชื้อไวรัสตับอักเสบบีชนิดเรื้อรัง

Keywords: chronic hepatitis B, HBV, ALT
Asymptomatic chronic hepatitis C with F0-1 fibrosis: Treat now
Authors: Sethasine Supatsri 
Published: May 2018

Patients with chronic hepatitis C with no or minimal liver fibrosis (F0-F1 Fibrosis) were 50% of the entire group of patients with chronic hepatitis C. Although this group of patients might have to defer treatment due to treatment prioritization strategy, as the excellent performance of regimens with few side-effects, if in the future they would have access the treatment, the number of patient with chronic hepatitis C would decrease dramatically. After following up with treatment-naive patients for five years, 60% of them had the fibrosis progression. Patients with minimal fibrosis had possibility of advanced fibrosis at 30%. Findings indicated that the infection in the old aged patient, infection for long period, chronic hepatic inflammation, steatosis, insulin resistance and alcohol drinking affected the rapid fibrosis progression. Having treatment from F0-F1 stage was count for the long-term benefit as it reduced the development of advanced fibrosis for 15% and the survival rate at 15 years better than the non - treatment group, since it minimized the chance of cirrhosis and the extrahepatic mortality.After viral eradication, it would minimize health service and following up expenses on chronic patients.Symptom conditions such as fatique, impaired cognitive function, obsessive-compulsive, depression,and anxiety were improved that affected the better quality of life. The expenses and longer quality-adjustlife year of the treatment from minimal or no fibrotic stage should be taken into account comparingwith the treatment from significant fibrotic stage according to the health economic evaluation.Early treatment in patients with minimal or no fibrotic stage who had factors affecting the rapidfibrosis progression would result in cost-effectiveness.

Keywords: chronic hepatitis C, fibrosis progression, cost-effectiveness, quality-adjust life years, increment cost effectiveness ratio