bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Seismic Performance of RC Buildings in Türkiye Subjected to Kahramanmaras Mainshock-Aftershock Ground Motion Records
Authors: Salami Mohammad Reza , Sezgin Sedef Kocakaplan , Kashani Mohammad Mehdi 
Published: November 2024

Abstract

On February 6, 2023, the region of Kahramanmaraş, Türkiye, was struck by two significant earthquakes. The initial earthquake, with a magnitude of Mw 7.7 and a depth of 8.6 km, occurred in Pazarcık. Shortly after, a second earthquake with a magnitude of Mw 7.6 and a depth of 7.0 km hit Elbistan. These two catastrophic events resulted in loss of life and extensive damage to civil infrastructure. This study investigates the seismic performance of two-story and five-story reinforced concrete building frames designed in accordance with the 2007 Turkish Seismic Design Code and the 2018 Turkish Building Earthquake Code, considering the ground motions recorded during the Kahramanmaraş earthquake sequences, including both mainshock and aftershock sequences. This paper employs an advanced structural modelling technique capable of simulating various aspects of cyclic degradation in material and structural components using nonlinear fibre beam-column elements. Fragility curves are employed for both mainshock and mainshock-aftershock sequences. The findings indicate that two-story building frames designed according to the 2007 code reach higher maximum inter-story drift ratios compared to those designed according to the 2018 code, while for five-story building frames, the results are reversed. Finally, a comparison of fragility curves for mainshock and mainshock-aftershock sequences shows that the probability of exceeding the complete damage limit state for two-story building frames increases by 15% for each design, while for five-story building frames, the increase is 9%.
Enhancing Multimodal Sentiment Analysis with Cross-Attention Enhanced Fusion Networks
Authors: Ouyang Ning , Zhang Enze , Lin Leping , Mo Jianwen 
Published: November 2024

Abstract

Multimodal sentiment analysis is a technique for understanding and analyzing sentiment states more comprehensively by integrating multiple data sources. In multimodal sentiment analysis, different modal information often faces the following challenges in the integration process. (1) There are missing features and inconsistencies between modalities, leading to difficulties in information integration. (2) The interaction relationship between the modal information is complex, making it difficult to effectively capture their intrinsic emotional characteristics. To address these issues, we propose CAEFN (Cross-Attention Enhanced Fusion Network), which aims to improve the characterization of multimodal information by introducing a cross-modal cross-attention mechanism and a multi-level feature recovery strategy to ensure that affective information in different modalities can be effectively fused and to enhance the accuracy and robustness of analysis. CAEFN introduces a dual-attention cross fusion module that leverages channel and spatial attention mechanisms to capture key modality-specific information and synergistic interactions. Furthermore, our cross-modal feature mapping layer ensures temporal and contextual consistency by constructing pairwise mappings across modalities. To mitigate the performance gap caused by inconsistent contributions among modalities, a text-enhanced adaptive modal normalization module integrates text features with audio and video, leveraging the higher accuracy of text to amplify the performance of multimodal sentiment analysis. Our proposed network model has good competitive performance when tested against two publicly available datasets, CMU-MOSEI and CMU-MOSI. The findings in this paper illustrate the efficacy of our methodology and highlight its promise in the field of multimodal sentiment analysis.
Seroprevalence and Coinfection of Infectious Bursal Disease in Chickens Raised under Backyard Production Systems in Wag-Lasta, Amhara, Ethiopia
Authors: Tibebu Abebe , Yitbarek Teklu , Bahiru Adane , Assefa Ayalew 
Published: November 2024

Abstract

Infectious bursal disease (IBD) is a highly contagious and immunosuppressive disease that primarily affects young chickens. This disease can lead to severe economic losses in the poultry industry due to high mortality rates and decreased productivity. In Ethiopia, IBD is believed to have been introduced in the early 21st century through the importation of exotic breeds. The disease exhibits a high prevalence, being reported in more than 95% of WOAH member countries, showcasing diverse strains. Therefore, this study aimed to investigate the seroprevalence of IBD in the Wag-Lasta area of the Amhara region, assess coinfection, and identify risk factors associated with disease occurrence. A total of 329 blood samples were collected from chickens in three agroclimatic zones of the Amhara region. Serological testing revealed that 53.8% of the samples were positive for infectious bursal disease. Compared with lowland areas, highland regions presented a greater prevalence (48.09%) of IBD (40.40%), whereas the prevalence was highest in midland areas (74.74%). The study revealed a strong association between the occurrence of IBD and the agroecological zones where the chickens were raised. Compared with local chickens, exotic chicken breeds presented greater odds of disease (OR = 34.57: 95% CI 16.44–72.72; P = 0.000), and highland areas (OR = 4.87; 95% CI 2.18–10.91; P = 0.000) presented greater odds of testing positive than lowlands did. IBD can cooccur with other diseases, notably salmonellosis and Newcastle disease. The high prevalence of IBD highlighted in the present study can lead to increased susceptibility to other infections, emphasizing the significant economic impact of the disease in the region. Understanding the epidemiology and risk factors associated with IBD is crucial for developing effective control strategies to reduce the burden of this economically significant poultry disease in the region.
Determining material parameters by ball indentation of a circular perforated hyperelastic membrane
Authors: Kolesnikov Alexey 
Published: November 2024

Abstract

This paper proposes a method for determining the mechanical properties of thin films of highly elastic materials. The method is based on an experiment of indenting a circular specimen with a hole in the center by a ball indenter. The value of the maximum indentation force is used as experimental data. The method allows us to determine the parameter of the neo--Hookean model of incompressible material, taking into account the friction between the indenter and the specimen for a wide range of hole and indenter sizes.
Hepatopancreas in the starving amphipod Ampelisca eschrichtii and the feeding amphipod Monoporeia affinis during vitellogenesis
Authors: Durkina Valentina B. , Demchenko Natalia L. 
Published: November 2024

Abstract

A comparative analysis of the hepatopancreas of amphipod species Ampelisca eschrichtii and Monoporeia affinis collected on the northeastern shelf of Sakhalin Island (Okhotsk Sea) was carried out between 2013 and 2021 in summer and fall during the period of vitellogenic oocyte growth. As a result of different habitat conditions A. eschrichtii has seasonal starvation in summer and fall, while M. affinis has access to food. During the period of starvation, the hepatopancreas of A. eschrichtii exhibits the following characteristics: 1) the functional passivity of F-cells of the epithelium, which confirms the absence of food in the stomach of amphipods, 2) the R-cells destruction due to lipid utilization, 3) the activation of B-cells, which apparently digest membrane structures of destroyed R-cells. The morphology of R-, F- and B-cells of the epithelium of the hepatopancreas in M. affinis is consistent with the description of analogous cells of the epithelium of the hepatopancreas of decapods and provide evidence for the presence of a food in the habitat of this species. In M. affinis, in contrast to A. eschrichtii, R-cells appear to synthesize vitellogenin. The primary function of R-cells of A. eschrichtii during starvation is to provide previously stored nutrients (lipids) for oocyte vitellogenic growth and energy for vital function of the organism. Synthesis of vitellogenin in these cells is unlikely.
The Contribution of Social-institutional Infrastructure in Sustainable Economic Growth
Authors: Sakaki Shungo 
Published: November 2024

Abstract

Sustainable development (SDGs) is on the global agenda. However, global economic activities are deepening market fundamentalism while diverging from the equality of the goals outlined in the SDGs. Originally, economic society has always had two opposing goals: the pursuit of private profit and the improvement of social welfare level. This paper proposes harmonizing and balancing with public institutions rather than restricting private rights simply in economic activity. It examines the success or failure of intertemporal decision-making to maintain sustainable economic growth by constructing a socially institutional infrastructure while motivated by the pursuit of private profit. Social-institutional infrastructure, such as public capital and social institutions, does not directly generate economic growth. However, free economic activity cannot complete its performances solely, and private business capital can become more productive through external economies generated by the social-institutional infrastructure. This paper examines the macroeconomic effects of investing in social-institutional infrastructure incorporating the Marshallian external economy through intertemporal decision-making. We can draw the following conclusions. First, numerical analysis of the model shows that it is possible to reach social welfare levels that exceed the optimal growth planning without deploying Keynesian public utility projects even in developing economies. Then, the steady-state levels of capital and consumption are far below the modified golden rule level guided by Ramsey-type optimal growth planning. The results mean a more sustainable allocation of socially finite scarce resources. In addition, this paper estimated the GDP elasticity of fixed assets for each country based on time series data for OECD countries from 1995 to 2022 and statistically analyzed the effectiveness of various variables corresponding to the social-institutional infrastructure on the elasticity. As a result, public support for “Public order safety”, “Economic affairs”, and publicly financed “R&D” and the market income-based “Gini coefficient” are statistically significant below 5%. The results on the Gini coefficient are not based on disposable income, indicating that measures to induce a more uniform income distribution through employment regulations and wage systems in parallel with business activity are more effective than ex-post income-redistribution policies. (334)
Analysis of Composition and Structure Characteristics of Heavy Hydrogenated Coal Tar and its Subcomponents from Xinjiang, China
Authors: Qu Yong , Liu Jingmei , Zhou Xiaodong , Liu Lang , Ma Ruitao , Su Yongguo , Ma Chunmei , Sun Pengtao 
Published: November 2024

Abstract

Low temperature coal tar (LTCT) is the preferred raw material for catalytic hydrogenation of coal tar. In order to study and popularize the technology of preparing fuel oil by hydrogenation of LTCT, it is necessary to research its composition and structural characteristics. Heavy hydrogenated coal tar (HHCT) from a company in Xinjiang, which is a mixture of hydrorefined tail oil distillate (>350 ℃) and hydrotreated circulating tail oil (>350 ℃). To make scientific and customized use of HHCT, the chemical composition and molecular structure characteristics of HHCT and its subcomponents were investigated using elemental analysis (EA), infrared analysis (FT-IR), and nuclear magnetic resonance (1H-NMR and 13C-NMR) through fraction separation. Compared to other low-temperature coal tar (LTCT), the content of saturates (SA) in HHCT is 95.01wt%, considerably higher than other LTCT samples, and the content of aromatics (AR), resins (RE), and asphaltenes (AS) are all much lower than other LTCT samples. Compared with the basic properties, elemental content and refining performance of other crude oils, HHCT is good quality oil with relatively small density, high H/C ratio, fewer heteroatoms and low metal impurities, and is easy to refine and process. FT-IR and NMR results show that HHCT and SA are primarily constituted of long-chain n-alkanes possessing longer aliphatic chains and fewer branched chains. Aromatics are predominantly present in AR and mainly encompass bicyclic and tricyclic aromatics. HHCT and other fractions contain a small quantity of aromatic structures.
Performance of turf bermudagrass hybrids with deficit irrigation in the Desert Southwest U.S.A.
Authors: SERBA Desalegn D. , HEJL Reagan W. , Wu Yanqi , THORP Kelly R. , CONLEY Matthew M. , WILLIAMS Clinton F. 
Published: November 2024

Abstract

Water scarcity poses a substantial challenge for turfgrass irrigation in the drought and heat stressed Desert Southwest region of the United States. Bermudagrass (Cynodon spp), renowned for its exceptional drought resistance, is the predominant warm season turfgrass in the region. Selecting and using drought-resistant bermudagrass cultivars remains a primary strategy for sustaining the turfgrass industry in the region. This study evaluated 48 hybrid bermudagrasses (C. dactylon × C. transvaalensis Burtt-Davy), including two commercial cultivars (‘TifTuf’ and ‘Tifway’, as controls) under 80% × ETo (0.8ET), 60% × ETo (0.6ET), and 40% × ETo (0.4ET) reference evapotranspiration (ETo) replacement irrigation at Maricopa, AZ. The experiment was laid out in a split-plot design with two replications, where the three irrigation treatments were assigned to main plots and 48 genotypes were in sub-plots. Analysis of data from two years (2022 and 2023) revealed significant differences among bermudagrass hybrids, irrigation treatments, and their interaction effects. The hybrids exhibited substantial variation for spring green up, density, turf color, and quality. With the largest deficit irrigation treatment 40% × ETo (0.4ET), OSU2104, OSU2106, and OSU2105 showed greater mean greenness and aesthetic quality scores than recorded for ‘TifTuf’ (6.5), a popular drought-resistant cultivar. The results highlight the prevalence of genetic variation in the germplasm with potential for development of improved drought-resistant varieties.
Reinforcement Learning-Based Modulation Strategy for Dual Active Bridge Converter
Authors: Zhang Dong-Yi , Wang Yi-Ying , Zhao Jia-Wei , Wu Jie , Liu Ming-Xian , Liu Chen 
Published: November 2024

Abstract

With the continuous growth of global energy demand and the depletion of non-renewable resources, the role of power electronic converters in energy conversion and distribution has become increasingly significant. This paper addresses the modulation strategy for the Dual Active Bridge (DAB) converter under complex operating conditions, proposing an optimization method based on reinforcement learning (RL). By incorporating Deep Q-Network (DQN) and Double Deep Q-Network (DDQN) algorithms, an intelligent agent control system is designed. The agent learns and optimizes the phase-shift modulation strategy through interactions with the DAB circuit environment, aiming to achieve high efficiency and stability in power transmission. Simulations conducted using MATLAB demonstrate that the RL-based DAB modulation strategy significantly enhances stability and self-stability compared to traditional control strategies across various operating conditions. The proposed RL-based control strategy for DAB converters offers a novel approach to overcoming the limitations of conventional control methods in complex scenarios. It not only enhances the performance of DAB converters but also provides new research perspectives and theoretical foundations for the intelligent control of power electronic converters.
Humoral Immunity and Clinical Characteristics of Chinese College Students Experiencing a BA.5/BF.7 and XBB.1.5 wave
Authors: Xie Yuchen , Chen Ying , Shi Yuzhu , Yang Li , Song Xuedong , Zhang Chenmin , Gao Huixia , Du Xiaona , Feng Aidong , Dai Erhei 
Published: November 2024

Abstract

Objectives
To investigate the humoral immunity and clinical characteristics of Chinese college students after experiencing a BA.5/BF.7 and/or XBB.1.5 wave.
Methods
We enrolled 876 college students who received 2–3 vaccination doses of COVID-19 and followed by BA.5/BF.7 and/or XBB.1.5 breakthrough infections between January 2022 and October 2023. IgG and total antibodies against SARS-CoV-2 were measured by chemiluminescent immunoassay. Neutralizing antibodies were detected using a pseudovirus neutralization assay. Meanwhile, we created an Enterprise WeChat link for college students to self-report SARS-CoV-2 infections and clinical symptoms of COVID-19.
Results
We observed that among college students, the most common symptoms upon SARS-CoV-2 infection were fever, fatigue, and sore throat. Moreover, reinfected college students had higher levels of total antibodies and neutralizing antibodies against BA.5, XBB.1.5 and EG.5.1, especially after experiencing the XBB.1.5 wave. Finally, the neutralizing effect against the newly emerged Omicron subvariants XBB.1.5 and EG.5.1 is limited among the college students.
Conclusion
Our study demonstrates that hybrid immunity, built from breakthrough infections and reinfections, enhances total antibody and IgG levels and bolsters neutralizing activity, contributing to milder clinical presentations upon reinfection. However, neutralization efficacy against newer subvariants, such as XBB.1.5 and EG.5.1, remains compromised.
“It is exhausting … to keep up an interested and pleasant eager face throughout”: Impression management in the clinical learning environment
Authors: Gupta Shalini , Howden Stella , Pope lindsey , kennedy cate , Moffat Mandy 
Published: November 2024

Abstract

Background:
Existing literature suggests that learning during clinical placements is predominantly informal and unstructured, requiring medical students to be proactive and agentic to maximise learning opportunities. Exploring ways in which students navigate social structures of the clinical learning environment (CLE) through Goffman’s theory of impression management should illuminate our perspective on agentic efforts related to work-based learning. This in-turn should aid in better preparation of medical students for learning in the clinical environment and support enhanced student experience and well-being.
Method:
An ethnographic approach included 120 hours of observations conducted in two wards hosting clinical placements for medical students, in a Scottish urban hospital. Additionally, individual interviews with 36 staff and students who populated these clinical sites, aimed to capture the lived experiences and perspectives around self-presentation, and impact of these performances in the workplace. Sensitising concepts from Goffman’s theory related to impression management served as priori guides in data analysis to identify prominent patterns.
Results:
We identified five key themes: students display a veneer of interest and engagement aligned to their understanding of the social norms in the CLE, creating a positive first impression on healthcare staff is a preventive practice adopted by students to avoid interprofessional conflicts, atypical personal front of overseas doctors and students impacts their social status, participatory learning with near peers involves less impression management burden and consequent stress, and understanding social rules of the CLE takes time and slows learning.
Conclusion:
The study findings reveal diverse ways in which medical students perform their role in the CLE through presentation of themselves and their activities to others. Engineering convincing and desired impressions is an affective and cognitive task for students, in their dual position of actor-performers and learners. Our findings indicate that certain personal fronts punctuate student learning, and we advocate for clinical workplaces to incorporate participatory learning opportunities, given their empowering benefits. Robust induction programmes and allowing learners to be authentically contributory in the CLE should ensure that diverse learners thrive in unfamiliar cultural spaces.
The Protective Role of the Ratio of Arterial Partial Pressure of Oxygen and Fraction of Inspired Oxygen after Re-Supination in the Survival of Patients with Severe COVID-19 Pneumonia
Authors: Sánchez-Díaz Jesús S. , Peniche-Moguel Karla G. , Escarramán-Martínez Diego , Reyes-Ruíz José M. , Pérez-Nieto Orlando R. 
Published: November 2024

Background
The role of the ratio between the arterial partial pressure of oxygen and the inspired fraction of oxygen (PaO2/FiO2 ratio) during the change in position is not fully established.

Methods
This retrospective, single-center cohort study included 98 patients with severe COVID-19 pneumonia.

Objective
This study aimed to evaluate the predictive value of the PaO2/FiO2 ratio for survival in patients with severe COVID-19 pneumonia between changing from supine to prone positions and vice versa. The PaO2/FiO2 ratio was measured preproning (T0), 30 min to 1 hour (T1), and 48 h after prone positioning (T2), and 30 min to 1 h after re-supination (T3).

Results
The PaO2/FiO2 ratio at T2 and T3 was higher in the survivors than in the non-survivors (T2= 251.5 vs. 208.5, p= 0.032; T3= 182 vs. 108.5, p<0.001). The PaO2/FiO2 ratio at T3 was an independent protective factor (Hazard Ratio (HR)= 0.993; 95% Confidence Interval (CI)= 0.989-0.998; p= 0.006) for survival. A threshold of ≤129 for the PaO2/FiO2 ratio at T3 predicted non-survival with a sensitivity and specificity of 67.86 and 80.95, respectively (Area Under the Curve (AUC)= 0.782; 95% CI 0.687-0.859).

Conclusion
The PaO2/FiO2 ratio is a significant protective factor of survival in severe COVID-19 pneumonia within 30 min-1 hour after returning to the supine position (re-supination).
Efisiensi Pemasaran Nanas Di Desa Padu Banjar Kecamatan Simpang Hilir Kabupaten Kayong Utara
Authors: Yunita Selvia , Suyatno Adi , Suharyani Anita 
Published: November 2024

Analisis efisiensi pemasaran merupakan tujuan yang ingin dicapai dalam sebuah kegiatan pemasaran. Efisiensi dapat memperlancar arus barang dari produsen ke konsumen, karena ketika efisiensi pemasaran bisa tercapai maka persentase pembagian keuntungan masing-masing lembaga sudah berjalan dengan adil sehingga tidak ada salah satu pihak yang merasa dirugikan. Penelitian dilaksanakan di Kabupaten kayong Utara, Kalimantan Barat. Populasi dalam penelitian ini adalah lembaga-lembaga yang terlibat dalam pemasaran nanas, penarikan sampel dalam penelitian menggunakan metode sensus dimana seluruh populasiÂ di Desa Padu Banjar yang terlibat dijadikan responden. metode pengumpulan data dilakukan observasi secara langsung dan menggunakan teknik wawancara berdasarkan kuisioner yang telah disusun. Alat analisis yang digunakan adalah margin pemasaran, farmerâ€™s share dan efisiensi pemasaran. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa terdapat 3 saluran pemasaran nanas yaitu saluran 1 (petani-konsumen akhir), saluran 2 (petani-pedagang pengecer-konsumen akhir), saluran 3 (petani-pedagang pengumpul-pedagang pengecer-konsumen akhir). Berdasarkan hasil dari margin pemasaran, farmerâ€™s share, dan efisiensi pemasaran maka saluran pemasaran yang paling efisien adalah pemasaran 1.