bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Updating the evidence on the effectiveness of the alcohol reduction app, Drink Less: using Bayes factors to analyse trial datasets supplemented with extended recruitment
Authors: Garnett Claire , Michie Susan , West Robert , Brown Jamie 
Published: January 2019

Background: A factorial experiment evaluating the Drink Less app found no clear evidence for main effects of enhanced versus minimal versions of five components but some evidence for an interaction effect. Bayes factors (BFs) showed the data to be insensitive. This study examined the use of BFs to update the evidence with further recruitment. Methods: A between-subject factorial experiment evaluated the main and two-way interaction effects of enhanced versus minimal version of five components of Drink Less. Participants were excessive drinkers, aged 18+, and living in the UK. After the required sample size was reached (n=672), additional data were collected for five months. Outcome measures were change in past week alcohol consumption and Alcohol Use Disorders Identification Test (AUDIT) score at one-month follow-up, amongst responders only. BFs (with a half-normal distribution) were calculated for those for which we had outcome data (BF<0.33 indicate evidence for null hypothesis; 0.33<BF<3 indicate data are insensitive). Results: Of the sample of 2586, 342 (13.2%) responded to follow-up. Data were mainly insensitive but tended to support there being no large main effects of the enhanced version of individual components on consumption (0.22<BF<0.83) or AUDIT score (0.14<BF<0.98). Data no longer supported there being two-way interaction effects. In an unplanned comparison, participants receiving the four most promising components averaged a numerically greater reduction in consumption than those not receiving any (21.6 versus 12.1 units), but the data were insensitive (BF=1.42). Conclusions: Data from extended recruitment in a factorial experiment evaluating components of the Drink Less app remained insensitive but tended towards individual and pairs of components not having a large effect. There was weak evidence for a synergistic effect of four components. In the event of uncertain results, calculating BFs can be used to update the strength of evidence of a dataset supplemented with extended recruitment.
Recurrent internal hip rotation gait in cerebral palsy: Case reports of two patients
Authors: O'Sullivan Rory , Kiernan Damien 
Published: January 2019

Internal hip rotation in cerebral palsy (CP) is typically treated with a femoral derotation osteotomy. This has been shown to be largely a successful procedure but recurrence rates up to 41% have been reported. Reported risk factors include younger age, reduced hip joint impulse and ankle plantar-flexion. We report on two patients with bilateral CP demonstrating recurrent unilateral internal hip rotation despite surgical intervention(s). Both demonstrate a number of the reported risk factors for recurrence. In addition, this case report specifically compared gait kinematic patterns pre and post recurrence. On comparing both patient’s hip rotation and ankle dorsi/plantarflexion kinematics they are seen to be almost identical both pre-operatively and post-operatively. Both patients appear to revert to approximately 30o of internal hip rotation which has been shown to maximise hip abductor function. Therefore, this case report suggests that surgical derotation in isolation is unlikely to be successful in this group and we suggest that this hip and ankle pattern may help predict recurrence in unilateral internal hip rotation.
“Why have I not been told about this?”: a survey of experiences of and attitudes to advance decision-making amongst people with bipolar
Authors: Hindley Guy , Stephenson Lucy A. , Ruck Keene Alex , Rifkin Larry , Gergel Tania , Owen Gareth 
Published: January 2019

Background: The idea that people with severe mental illness should be able to plan in advance for periods of illness as a means of enhancing autonomy has been long debated and is increasingly being enshrined in codes of practice and mental health legislation. It has been argued that the ethical imperative for this is especially pronounced in bipolar (BP), a condition in which sufferers often experience episodic crises interspersed with periods of wellness. However, there is a paucity of published research investigating experiences of advance decision making (ADM) in people with BP or their attitudes towards it. Methods: An online survey of BPUK’s mailing list was conducted. 932 people with BP completed the survey (response rate 5.61%). Descriptive statistics and regression analysis were conducted to compare experience of with attitudes towards ADM and variables associated with interest in ADM. Results: A majority indicated a desire to plan care in advance of losing capacity (88%) but most had not done so (64%). High numbers of respondents expressed a wish to request as well as refuse treatment and most wanted to collaborate with psychiatrists, including on issues around self-binding. The most frequent motivation to utilise ADM was a desire to be more involved in mental health decisions. Interest in self-binding was associated with experience of compulsory treatment and trust in mental health services. Interest in refusals of all medication was associated with younger age and lack of trust in mental health services. Interest in ADM in general was associated with younger age but not educational level, ethnicity or gender. Conclusions: This study demonstrates an appetite for ADM amongst people with bipolar that is independent of educational status and ethnicity. As states reform their mental health laws, attention needs to be given to the distinctive attitudes toward ADM amongst people with bipolar.
RNA-seq analysis of PHD and VHL inhibitors reveals differences and similarities to the hypoxia response.
Authors: Frost Julianty , Ciulli Alessio , Rocha Sonia 
Published: January 2019

Background:Hypoxia-inducible factor (HIF) transcription factors are well known to control the transcriptional response to hypoxia. Given the importance of cellular response to hypoxia, a number of pharmacological agents to interfere with this pathway have been developed and entered pre-clinical or clinical trial phases. However, how similar or divergent the transcriptional response elicited by different points of interference in cells is currently unknown.Methods:We performed RNA-sequencing to analyse the similarities and differences of transcriptional response in HeLa cells treated with hypoxia or chemical agents that stabilise HIF by inhibiting components of the hypoxia signalling pathway – prolyl hydroxylase (PHD) inhibitor or von Hippel–Lindau (VHL) inhibitor.Results:This analysis revealed that hypoxia produces the highest changes in gene transcription, with activation and repression of genes being in large numbers. Treatment with the PHD inhibitor IOX2 or the VHL inhibitor VH032 led mostly to gene activation, majorly via a HIF-dependent manner. These results were also confirmed by qRT-PCR using more specific and/or efficient inhibitors, FG-4592 (PHDs) and VH298 (VHL).Conclusion:PHD inhibition and VHL inhibition mimic gene activation promoted by hypoxia via a HIF-dependent manner. However, gene repression is mostly associated with the hypoxia response and not common to the response elicited by inhibitors of the pathway.
El contenido estereotípico y el discurso acerca del prejuicio racial en Bahía
Authors: Techio Elza Maria , Lima Leite Eldo , Pimentel  da Silva Renata , Rodas Torres Ana Raquel 
Published: January 2019

Esta investigación tuvo como objetivo descubrir el contenido de los estereotipos asociados a las personas racializadas blancas y negras, así como verificar las justificaciones para la existencia de prejuicio racial en Bahía. En esta encuesta participaron 146 personas, de las cuales un 56.8% fueron estudiantes de una universidad pública de Salvador de Bahía y un 43.2% no estudiantes, con edades comprendidas entre 16 y 75 años (M =29.84 DT = 12.663), el 47.6% eran de sexo femenino y el 52.4% de sexo masculino. Los participantes respondieron a una prueba de asociación libre, que contenía las palabras estímulos: personas negras y blancas; además de una pregunta referente a la existencia de prejuicio en Bahía para justificar su respuesta. Los contenidos de los estereotipos indican que a las personas racializadas como blancas y a las negras se les asocian estereotipos referentes al estatus y condiciones sociales. Las personas blancas fueron percibidas como poseedores de un mayor estatus (ricos y guapos) y las personas negras con menor (pobres y trabajadores), lo que corroboró el modelo del contenido de los estereotipos de Fiske et al. (1999, 2002, 2007). Además, los participantes afirmaron que perciben la existencia del prejuicio racial en Bahía. Las justificaciones se agruparon en dos categorías. La primera presenta el prejuicio racial como un fenómeno histórico, mientras que en la segunda el prejuicio racial es visto como un fenómeno actual. Por lo tanto, se pudo verificar que el prejuicio racial fue percibido como un fenómeno social cuyas raíces están en la estructura social brasileña, que lo configura como un fenómeno institucional, que cuestiona el mito de la democracia racial en Brasil.Palabras clave: contenido de los estereotipos, prejuicio racial, prejuicio institucional.
Polyculturalism: Viewing Cultures as Dynamically Connected and its Implications for Intercultural Attitudes in Colombia
Authors: Rosenthal Lisa , Ramirez Luisa , Levy Sheri , Bernardo Allan 
Published: January 2019

In our increasingly globalized world, we are more exposed to diverse people and cultures than ever before, making lay belief systems about cross-culturalinfluences as well as consequences of those beliefs for intercultural attitudes important to study. Over the past decade, there has been increasing immigration to Colombia, making it a particularly important place in which to understand people’s attitudes and intentions toward individuals from other countries. We previously found in the Philippines and the us that endorsement of polyculturalism —the belief that different racial and ethnic groups influence and are connected to each other— is associated to a range of positive intergroup attitudes. In the current research, we have built on these past findings to contribute to our understanding of intercultural dynamics in Latin America, exploring polyculturalism in a cross-sectional survey study with 423 adults born and living in Colombia. We found that endorsement of polyculturalism was associated to more positive attitudes toward people from other countries and greater friendship intentions toward immigrants from other countries moving to Colombia, while controlling for social dominance orientation, national identification, and feelings toward the self. We also found that there were mean differences in people’s attitudes and friendship intentions toward people from different countries, based on type and level of cultural influence. But, type of country, social dominance orientation, and national identification did not moderate associations of polyculturalism with attitudes and friendship intentions, which suggests that these associations are consistent.Future directions and implications of polyculturalism for understanding intergroup relations around the world are discussed.Keywords: Colombia, diversity, globalization, immigrants,intercultural attitudes, intergroup relations, polyculturalism.
Karakteristik morfologi dan sebaran tipe kawin Phytophthora capsici asal lada di Pulau Jawa
Authors: Rohmah Bahru , Hadisutrisno Bambang , Manohara Dyah , Priyatmojo Achmadi 
Published: January 2019

Morphology characters and mating types distribution of Phytophthora capsici from black pepper in Java IslandPepper (Piper nigrum) is one of the most important spice crops in Indonesia. Recently its production declining due to infection of foot rot disease caused by Phytophthora capsici. This pathogen has two different mating types, namely A1 and A2, in which the presence of opposite two mating types is important for sexual reproduction and formation of oospores. The movement of pepper seedling from one area to another is highly facilitated alteration of mating type distribution map of P. capsici. The objectives of this research were to determine the morphological characteristics and the spread of mating types of P. capsici in Java. Morphology characters of P. capsici isolates were indicated by variation in sporangial size and shape, as well as types of colony appearance. The length (l) and width (w) of sporangium were in the range of 15.1–76.2 µm and 9.8–44.8 µm, respectively; while the l/w ratio was 1.12–2.27. Mating type assay showed that A2 type was more dominantly found than A1 type. This study found two different mating types present in the same area, i.e. Regency of Pacitan (East Java) and Regency of Sleman (Special Region of Yogyakarta). The findings of this research suggested that it is required more strict control strategy on the mobilization of black pepper seedling particularly in the area where the certain mating type is not found yet so that the emergence of new more virulent genotype of pathogen can be prevented.
Balance and dominance in the vocabulary of German-Turkish primary schoolchildren
Authors: Montanari Elke G. , Akıncı Mehmet-Ali , Abel Roman 
Published: January 2019

AbstractBalanced bilingualism has inspired debates on bilingualism for a long time, but several questions related to this discourse remain unanswered. How common are balanced bilinguals? Does balance have a positive impact on language proficiency? More specifically, when children begin to frequent schools and thus have a lot of oral and literal input in the school language, how do balance and dominance develop? The present paper discusses the following research questions with respect to vocabulary: Do balanced test results in two languages correlate with a better proficiency than unbalanced results? Moreover, is a balanced use of two languages accompanied by a balanced vocabulary? We used a picture naming task to test the expressive and receptive vocabulary of 98 German-Turkish speaking schoolchildren in a cross-sectional design. To determine balance resp. dominance, we used a combined score of the values in the German and the Turkish testing. The balance/dominance scores show a continuous shift to dominance in the majority language. Consistent use of Turkish has an effect on Turkish vocabulary, but not a negative impact on vocabulary in German. There was no overall positive influence of balanced bilingualism.
Effect of Fractional Damping in Double-Well Duffing–Vander Pol Oscillator Driven by Different Sinusoidal Forces
Authors: Sethu Meenakshi M. V. , Athisayanathan S. , Chinnathambi V. , Rajasekar S. 
Published: January 2019

Abstract
The effect of nonlinear damping including fractional damping on the onset of horseshoe chaos is studied both analytically and numerically in the double-well Duffing–Vander Pol (DVP) oscillator driven by various sinusoidal forces. The sinusoidal type periodic forces of our interest are sine wave, rectified sine wave, and modulus of sine wave. Using the Melnikov analytical method, the threshold condition for the onset of horseshoe chaos is obtained for each sinusoidal force. Melnikov threshold curves are drawn in (f,\;ω) parameters space for each force. When the damping component (p) increases from a small value, the Melnikov threshold value

(

f

M

)

$(f_{M})$

is decreased for each force. Suppression of horseshoe chaos is predicted due to the effect of weak periodic perturbation and nonlinear fractional damping. Analytical predictions are demonstrated through direct numerical simulations.
Chemical Dissolution and Kant’s Critical Theory of Nature
Authors: McNulty Michael Bennett 
Published: January 2019

Abstract
Kant conceives of chemical dissolutions as involving the infinite division and subsequent blending of solvent and solute. In the resulting continuous solution, every subvolume contains a uniform proportion of each reactant. Erich Adickes argues that this account stands in tension with other aspects of Kant’s Critical philosophy and his views on infinity. I argue that although careful analysis of Kant’s conception of dissolution addresses Adickes’ objections, the infinite division inherent to the process is beyond our human cognition, for Kant. Nevertheless, such infinite division may be considered as an idea of reason to make comprehensible chemical reactions, revealing reason to play a pivotal role in the foundations of chemistry.
Salivary Immunoglobulin A Secretion Rate During Peak Period Conditioning Regimens in Triathletes
Authors: Matsumoto Megumi , Satoh Kentaro , Kushi Hidehiko , Hamuro Koji , Sakurai Masao , Saito Hiroshi , Tanaka Ryohei , Saito Takao , Kohda Noriyuki , Hamada Koichiro 
Published: January 2019

Abstract
Matsumoto M, Satoh, K, Kushi, H, Hamuro, K, Sakurai, M, Saito, H, Tanaka, R, Saito, T, Kohda, N, and Hamada, K. Salivary immunoglobulin A secretion rate during peak period conditioning regimens in triathletes. J Strength Cond Res 35(5): 1389–1396, 2021—Triathletes often feel unwell during the conditioning period (peak period) leading up to a race. The aim of this study was to evaluate the factors relevant to the condition of athletes and their impact on mucosal immune responses and the salivary immunoglobulin A (IgA) secretion rate. This study recruited college student triathletes (33 men and 7 women) who participated in an Olympic distance race. For each subject, the salivary IgA rate was measured continuously for 1 month before the race (peak period). Data on physical activity during the peak period were calculated in metabolic equivalents, and the relationships between these factors and the salivary IgA secretion rate were evaluated. The average amount of physical activity was highest during the 2- to 3-week period before the race, at 744.7 ± 51.5 kcal expended per day. In subjects who, on average, expended more than 1,000 kcal·d−1 in physical activity between 12 and 14 days before the race, the salivary IgA secretion rate was significantly reduced compared with the value at 1 week before the race (p < 0.05). On the day before the race, a further reduction was observed (p < 0.1). The salivary IgA secretion rate was decreased by high-intensity exercise during the peak period in advance of a race; this was associated with a loss of optimal condition just before the race.
Impact of Fat Grip Attachments on Muscular Strength and Neuromuscular Activation During Resistance Exercise
Authors: Krings Ben M. , Shepherd Brandon D. , Swain Jon C. , Turner Alana J. , Chander Harish , Waldman Hunter S. , McAllister Matthew J. , Knight Adam C. , Smith JohnEric W. 
Published: January 2019

Abstract
Krings, BM, Shepherd, BD, Swain, JC, Turner, AJ, Chander, H, Waldman, HS, McAllister, MJ, Knight, AC, and Smith, JW. Impact of fat grip attachments on muscular strength and neuromuscular activation during resistance exercise. J Strength Cond Res 35(2S): S152–S157, 2021—The purpose of this study was to examine the acute effects of Fat Gripz (FG) on muscular activation and strength. Resistance trained men (n = 15; age = 22.4 ± 2.3 years; mass = 83.2 ± 11.1 kg) performed 2 experimental trials in a randomized order. Subjects completed 1 repetition maximum (1RM) testing with an Olympic barbell (OB) and with FG attached to an OB during the exercises of deadlift, bent-over row, upright row, concentration curl, and completed maximum repetitions of pull-ups until failure. Surface electromyography (EMG) was used to measure muscle activity from 8 upper extremity muscles (trapezius, medial deltoid, biceps brachii, triceps brachii, flexor carpi radialis, flexor carpi ulnaris, extensor carpi radialis, and extensor carpi ulnaris), while performing maximal voluntary isometric contractions during 1RM trials and while performing maximum number of pull-ups. When using the FG, 1RM strength was significantly decreased for each exercise, and the maximal number of pull-ups completed was significantly lower. Electromyography muscle activity was significantly increased in the forearm and shoulder muscles, but significantly decreased in the upper arm muscles with the use of FG during deadlift, bent-over row, and pull-ups. However, there were no differences for EMG activity for upright row and concentration curl. Differences in maximal strength, pull-up performance, and EMG activity with FG use may be due to the different muscle length positions. Although FG training may increase neuromuscular activation, decrements in muscular strength may result in prescribing low training loads that may not be ideal for building muscular strength.
The A-allele of the FTO Gene rs9939609 Polymorphism Is Associated With Decreased Proportion of Slow Oxidative Muscle Fibers and Over-represented in Heavier Athletes
Authors: Guilherme João Paulo L.F. , Egorova Emiliya S. , Semenova Ekaterina A. , Kostryukova Elena S. , Kulemin Nickolay A. , Borisov Oleg V. , Khabibova Sofya A. , Larin Andrey K. , Ospanova Elena A. , Pavlenko Alexander V. , Lyubaeva Ekaterina V. , Popov Daniil V. , Lysenko Evgeny A. , Vepkhvadze Tatiana F. , Lednev Egor M. , Govorun Vadim M. , Generozov Edward V. , Ahmetov Ildus I. , Lancha Junior Antonio H. 
Published: January 2019

AbstractGuilherme, JPLF, Egorova, ES, Semenova, EA, Kostryukova, ES, Kulemin, NA, Borisov, OV, Khabibova, SA, Larin, AK, Ospanova, EA, Pavlenko, AV, Lyubaeva, EV, Popov, DV, Lysenko, EA, Vepkhvadze, TF, Lednev, EM, Govorun, VM, Generozov, EV, Ahmetov, II, and Lancha Junior, AH. The A-allele of the FTO gene rs9939609 polymorphism is associated with decreased proportion of slow oxidative muscle fibers and over-represented in heavier athletes.J Strength Cond Res33(3): 691–700, 2019—The purpose of this study was to explore the frequency of theFTOT > A (rs9939609) polymorphism in elite athletes from 2 cohorts (Brazil and Russia), as well as to find a relationship betweenFTOgenotypes and muscle fiber composition. A total of 677 athletes and 652 nonathletes were evaluated in the Brazilian cohort, whereas a total of 920 athletes and 754 nonathletes were evaluated in the Russian cohort. It was found a trend for a lower frequency of A/A genotype in long-distance athletes compared with nonathletes (odds ratio [OR]: 0.65;p= 0.054). By contrast, it was found an increased frequency of the A-allele in Russian power athletes. The presence of the T/A + A/A genotypes rather than T/T increased the OR of being a Russian power athlete compared with matched nonathletes (OR: 1.45;p= 0.002). Different from that observed in combat sports athletes of lighter weight categories, the A-allele was also over-represented in combat sports athletes of heavier weight categories. The presence of the T/A + A/A genotypes rather than T/T increased the OR of being a combat sports athlete of heavier weight categories compared with nonathletes (OR: 1.79;p= 0.018). Regarding the muscle fibers, we found that carriers of the A/A genotype had less slow-twitch muscle fibers than T-allele carriers (p= 0.029). In conclusion, the A/A genotype of theFTOT > A polymorphism is under-represented in athletes more reliant on a lean phenotype and associated with decreased proportion of slow-twitch muscle fibers, while is over-represented in strength and heavier athletes.