bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Occupation, Physical Workload Factors, and Disability Retirement as a Result of Hip Osteoarthritis in Finland, 2005–2013
Authors: Solovieva Svetlana , Kontio Tea , Viikari-Juntura Eira 
Published: February 2018

Objective.To identify occupations with a high risk of disability retirement as a result of hip osteoarthritis (OA), and to examine the effect of physical workload factors on the occupational differences in disability retirement.Methods.A total of 1,135,654 (49.4% women) Finns aged 30–60 years in gainful employment were followed from 2005 to 2013 for full disability retirement as a result of hip OA. Information on pensions, occupation, and education were obtained from national registers. Physical workload was assessed by a sex-specific job exposure matrix. We calculated age-adjusted incidence rates and examined the associations of occupation, education, and physical workload factors with disability retirement using a competing risk regression model.Results.Age-adjusted incidence rate was 25 and 22 per 100,000 person-years in men and women, respectively. Both men and women working in lower-level nonmanual and manual occupations had an elevated age-adjusted risk of disability retirement as a result of hip OA. A very high risk of disability retirement was found among male construction workers, electricians, and plumbers (HR 12.7, 95% CI 8.4–19.7), and female professional drivers (HR 15.2, 95% CI 7.5–30.8) as compared with professionals. After adjustment for age and education, the observed occupational differences in disability retirement were largely explained by physical workload factors among men and to a smaller extent, among women.Conclusion.Our results suggest that education and physical workload factors appear to be the major reasons for excess disability retirement as a result of hip OA in manual occupations, particularly among men.
Microscope-Integrated Intraoperative Ultrahigh-Speed Swept-Source Optical Coherence Tomography for Widefield Retinal and Anterior Segment Imaging
Authors: Lu Chen D. , Waheed Nadia K. , Witkin Andre , Baumal Caroline R. , Liu Jonathan J. , Potsaid Benjamin , Joseph Anthony , Jayaraman Vijaysekhar , Cable Alex , Chan Kinpui , Duker Jay S. , Fujimoto James G. 
Published: February 2018

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE:
To demonstrate the feasibility of retinal and anterior segment intraoperative widefield imaging using an ultrahigh-speed, swept-source optical coherence tomography (SS-OCT) surgical microscope attachment.

PATIENTS AND METHODS:

A prototype post-objective SS-OCT using a 1,050-nm wavelength, 400 kHz A-scan rate, vertical cavity surface-emitting laser (VCSEL) light source was integrated to a commercial ophthalmic surgical microscope after the objective. Each widefield OCT data set was acquired in 3 seconds (1,000 × 1,000 A-scans, 12 × 12 mm
2
for retina and 10 × 10 mm
2
for anterior segment).

RESULTS:
Intraoperative SS-OCT was performed in 20 eyes of 20 patients. In six of seven membrane peels and five of seven rhegmatogenous retinal detachment repair surgeries, widefield retinal imaging enabled evaluation pre- and postoperatively. In all seven cataract cases, anterior imaging evaluated the integrity of the posterior lens capsule.

CONCLUSIONS:
Ultrahigh-speed SS-OCT enables widefield intraoperative viewing in the posterior and anterior eye. Widefield imaging visualizes ocular structures and pathology without requiring OCT realignment.

[
Ophthalmic Surg Lasers Imaging Retina
. 2018;49:94–102.]
Human Binge Alcohol Intake Inhibits TLR4–MyD88 and TLR4–TRIF Responses but Not the TLR3–TRIF Pathway: HspA1A and PP1 Play Selective Regulatory Roles
Authors: Muralidharan Sujatha , Lim Arlene , Catalano Donna , Mandrekar Pranoti 
Published: February 2018

Abstract
Binge/moderate alcohol suppresses TLR4–MyD88 proinflammatory cytokines; however, alcohol’s effects on TLR–TRIF signaling, especially after in vivo exposure in humans, are unclear. We performed a comparative analysis of the TLR4–MyD88, TLR4–TRIF, and TLR3–TRIF pathways in human monocytes following binge alcohol exposure. Mechanistic regulation of TLR–TRIF signaling by binge alcohol was evaluated by analyzing IRF3 and TBK1, upstream regulator protein phosphatase 1 (PP1), and immunoregulatory stress proteins HspA1A and XBP-1 in alcohol-treated human and mouse monocytes/macrophages. Two approaches for alcohol exposure were used: in vivo exposure of primary monocytes in binge alcohol–consuming human volunteers or in vitro exposure of human monocytes/murine macrophages to physiological alcohol concentrations (25–50 mM ethanol), followed by LPS (TLR4) or polyinosinic-polycytidylic acid (TLR3) stimulation ex vivo. In vivo and in vitro binge alcohol exposure significantly inhibited the TLR4–MyD88 cytokines TNF-α and IL-6, as well as the TLR4–TRIF cytokines/chemokines IFN-β, IP-10, and RANTES, in human monocytes, but not TLR3–TRIF–induced cytokines/chemokines, as detected by quantitative PCR and ELISA. Mechanistic analyses revealed TBK-1–independent inhibition of the TLR4–TRIF effector IRF3 in alcohol-treated macrophages. Although stress protein XBP-1, which is known to regulate IRF3-mediated IFN-β induction, was not affected by alcohol, HspA1A was induced by in vivo alcohol in human monocytes. Alcohol-induced HspA1A was required for inhibition of TLR4–MyD88 signaling but not TLR4–TRIF cytokines in macrophages. In contrast, inhibition of PP1 prevented alcohol-mediated TLR4–TRIF tolerance in macrophages. Collectively, our results demonstrate that in vivo and in vitro binge alcohol exposure in humans suppresses TLR4–MyD88 and TLR4–TRIF, but not TLR3–TRIF, responses. Whereas alcohol-mediated effects on the PP1–IRF3 axis inhibit the TLR4–TRIF pathway, HspA1A selectively suppresses the TLR4–MyD88 pathway in monocytes/macrophages.
Highly Efficient and Versatile Plasmid-Based Gene Editing in Primary T Cells
Authors: Kornete Mara , Marone Romina , Jeker Lukas T. 
Published: February 2018

Abstract
Adoptive cell transfer is an important approach for basic research and emerges as an effective treatment for various diseases, including infections and blood cancers. Direct genetic manipulation of primary immune cells opens up unprecedented research opportunities and could be applied to enhance cellular therapeutic products. In this article, we report highly efficient genome engineering in primary murine T cells using a plasmid-based RNA-guided CRISPR system. We developed a straightforward approach to ablate genes in up to 90% of cells and to introduce precisely targeted single nucleotide polymorphisms in up to 25% of the transfected primary T cells. We used gene editing–mediated allele switching to quantify homology-directed repair, systematically optimize experimental parameters, and map a native B cell epitope in primary T cells. Allele switching of a surrogate cell surface marker can be used to enrich cells, with successful simultaneous editing of a second gene of interest. Finally, we applied the approach to correct two disease-causing mutations in the Foxp3 gene. Repairing the cause of the scurfy syndrome, a 2-bp insertion in Foxp3, and repairing the clinically relevant Foxp3K276X mutation restored Foxp3 expression in primary T cells.
Web 2.0 y tratamiento informativo en las principales revistas españolas de divulgación científica y de la pseudociencia
Authors: Tejedor Calvo Santiago , Portalés-Oliva Marta , Pueyo Villa Silvia 
Published: February 2018

La investigación analiza el uso de los recursos de la web 2.0 y el tratamiento informativo de 6 revistas sobre divulgación científica y pseudociencia. Metodología. Se estudia y describe el ecosistema digital de las revistas y posteriormente, se elabora un análisis de contenido cuantitativo y cualitativo de 232 unidades de análisis. Se trata de una muestra probabilística seleccionada de forma aleatoria a partir de un universo de 1.434 publicaciones procedentes de la web, Facebook, Twitter, YouTube e Instagram. Resultados y Conclusiones. Los resultados demuestran que el aprovechamiento de los recursos 2.0 es básico y que las particularidades comunicativas de las redes sociales apenas se explotan. Además, aunque se usan numerosas imágenes, las noticias no se acompañan de vídeos, infografías u otro tipo de recursos interactivos. El tratamiento informativo presenta aspectos a mejorar, como la autoría de las noticias o la fuente de procedencia de las imágenes que las acompañan.
Arte contemporáneo y señales visuales de la cotidianidad como paradigma de modelos globales de vida y de pensamiento
Authors: Cova Massimo 
Published: February 2018

Nuestra propuesta consiste en presentar un proyecto artístico personal y analizar su vinculación con obras de reconocidos artistas contemporáneos que adoptan, como referentes formales y conceptuales, unas señales visuales espontáneas presentes en los entornos cotidianos. Rastros efímeros y transitorios generados por los comportamientos y por las interacciones de las personas, que pueden ser representativos de modelos de vida y de pensamiento en la era de la globalidad. Las obras propuestas (tanto las personales como las de referencia) formalizan y reconfiguran en el lenguaje propio del arte, unas huellas y unos indicios visuales que no pertenecen en su origen al territorio artístico. Marcas, restos o vestigios relacionados con aspectos de las complejas consecuencias de la internacionalización económica y cultural así como del desarrollo y de la expansión de las nuevas tecnologías o de modelos de comportamiento como fundamento de identidades individuales y colectivas. Nuestro proyecto se compone de series de obras de diversos formatos y técnicas, realizadas a partir de nuestra experiencia en relación con estos signos cotidianos e inspiradas en referentes artísticos de reconocido prestigio y legitimidad internacional. El proyecto nace en 2009 con la serie titulada “Alter ludus”. De la experiencia docente a la experimentación artística, una reflexión sobre las manifestaciones visuales espontáneas del colectivo adolescente en el ámbito escolar, que se hacen paradigma de comportamientos y de dinámicas del mundo adulto. Siguen otras series como la titulada En directo. Rastros pictóricos de información, con la que dirigimos una mirada crítica a los límites de la información electrónica a través de la trascendencia de la complejidad pictórica; o “Don’t touch!”, que reflexiona sobre normas y convenciones, inhibiciones i tabúes, hasta las últimas producciones centradas en tendencias del pensamiento contemporáneo relativo a la ciencia, a la tecnología y a la controvertida relación entre la cultura y la historia.
ZAWP Bilbao. Posproducción cultural en espacios de creación postindustriales
Authors: Etxebarria Madinabeitia Izaskun 
Published: February 2018

<p>En primer lugar, se analiza el libro <em>Cultura Libre de Estado</em> de Jaron Rowan, que describe un amplio mapa con los diferentes agentes del sistema cultural. Trabajadores, interlocutores, consumidores o partícipes de la cultura y otros agentes e instituciones son enfocados desde tres puntos de vista: la cultura como recurso, como derecho o como bien común. Para conseguir una transformación de la cultura, el autor plantea que los recursos sean puestos a disposición de los consumidores, convirtiéndolos así, en productores.</p><p>En segundo lugar, se contrapone el análisis de Vílém Flusser, especialista en nuevos medios. En su libro <em>El universo de las imágenes técnicas</em> (aunque hay que destacar que el contexto es muy diferente) recordamos que gran parte de la cultura, hoy, se crea y se difunde a través de dispositivos que están mediatizando nuestros mensajes. Su análisis presenta un escenario de ilusión diseñado para facilitar el consumo, pero que sólo permite un tipo de producción superficial, ya que los productores no conocen el funcionamiento de las cajas negras.</p><p>En tercer lugar, se revisan los conceptos de ciudadanía y espacio público desde <em>El espacio público como ideología</em> de Manuel Delgado, donde se repiensan los usos de estos conceptos, planteando la necesidad de hablar de ‘esfera’ en lugar de ‘espacio’ para llamar la atención sobre las relaciones interpersonales y las tensiones existentes entre grupos sociales que habitan el espacio público.</p><p>Este corpus teórico enmarca la entrevista a Ruth Mayoral, joven socióloga del equipo ZAWP Bilbao. Este centro cuenta, actualmente, con financiación de las principales instituciones vascas y surgió de la asociación La Hacería Arteak, junto a la demanda de la Asociación de Vecinos del Barrio de Zorrozaurre para rehabilitar el barrio, que fue apoyada gracias a años de actividad por la demanda de permanencia en la zona.</p>
Pohybový program pro jedince s rizikovými faktory kardiovaskulárních onemocnění
Authors: Kumstát Michal , Vysoký Robert , Tomášková Iva , Hrnčiříková Iva , Smolka Ondřej 
Published: February 2018

The goal of the study was to introduce the 3-month fi tness programme particularly focused on the III. and IV. stage of cardiovascular rehabilitation. Six persons (58 ± 9 years), all aft er acute myocardial infarction with an uncomplicated history who underwent myocardial revascularization, participated on the programm. It is important to note, that this mutual pilot project of the Faculty of Sports Studies, I. Internal cardiology clinics and Department of Rehabilitative Medicine in University hospital Brno, has indicated the need to establish a stronger continuity to the hospital rehabilitation programme. Contemporary, the pilot project is beeing succesfully followed by its second 3-month programme.
Porovnání stimulace silových schopností prostřednictvím cvičení na labilních a stabilních plochách
Authors: Jebavý Radim , Perič Tomáš , Baláš Jiří , Petr Miroslav 
Published: February 2018

In our work we sought to verify the eff ectiveness of a didactic programme of exercise on unstable surfaces for stimulation of strength abilities, compared to a similar didactic programme conducted on stable surfaces, thus creating an alternative choice for coaches, teachers, and sports instructors. A major element of the didactic process is the quality of the strength training programme on stable and unstable surfaces. Th e sample of probands was selected from a population of college and recreational and active athletes from Prague. Th e group was made up of men aged 20 to 35 (n = 50). Th e probands were randomly assigned too groups. From a methodological point of view, this was a single-factor, two-level experiment. Th e experimental factor was represented by a specifi c strength programme (exercise on unstable surfaces, exercise on a stable base, without any exercise programme). Th e movement programme lasted 10 weeks and contained 22 exercise units. When evaluating the overall results of the tests before and aft er the experimental programme, we come to be of the opinion that the experimental programme manifested itself positively in eff ectiveness of stimulating strength abilities. Based on the results of our experiment, it was shown that the strength programme aff ected an increase in the duration of strength in both dynamic and static regimens. With the strength programme on unstable surfaces there was a tendency towards greater increases in the number of repetitions as opposed to the programme on stable surfaces at the beginning of the programme for exercise in a dynamic regimen. Th is can be applied in dynamic development as well as in a didactic process.
Projekt Krtek v síti
Authors: Vyhlídal Tomáš , Holická Kateřina , Ješina Ondřej 
Published: February 2018

The allowance introduces the lay and professional public project The mole in the network. This project aims at support the comprehensive care of children with oncological disease, their siblings and parents. The chief aim of the project is to create networks of organizations at the level of nonprofit organizations, educational and health organizations and universities that deal with improving the quality of life of children with oncological disease during and after treatment. It will be created a system of cooperation at the level of Endowment fund pediatric Oncology KRTEK (Czech Republic), Palacky University in Olomouc (Czech Republic) and the Regional youth council of Žilina (Slovak Republic). With the czech-slovak cooperation we want to create an unique system of exchangeable residential programs aimed at adapted physical activity where the children with oncological disease, their parents and siblings from the Czech and Slovak Republic will meet together and attend the programs under professional guidance.
Rozvoj vnitřní motivace ke sportování u dětí školního věku se zaměřením na pozitivní prožitky
Authors: Blažej Adam 
Published: February 2018

This article deals with the development of satisfaction and positive feelings and their effect on intrinsic motivation of children participated in physical activities. The author describes some attitudes and methods of trainers which could result to evoke such memories from training session that increases the possibility of creating a positive experience out of it. Which often results into an increase of intrinsic motivation to exercise and need of development in that physical activity. There are several theories about the development of intrinsic motivation and satisfaction of various areas of human being. These are described in detail in the article which includes some examples of their use in sport practice. The article is therefore primarily based on a survey of the theories of other sciences and disciplines (psychology, pedagogy) and their application to kinesiology.
Global Characteristics of Electromagnetic Ion Cyclotron Waves Deduced From Swarm Satellites
Authors: Kim Hyangpyo , Hwang Junga , Park Jaeheung , Bortnik Jacob , Lee Jaejin 
Published: February 2018

AbstractIt is well known that electromagnetic ion cyclotron (EMIC) waves play an important role in controlling particle dynamics inside the Earth's magnetosphere, especially in the outer radiation belt. In order to understand the results of wave‐particle interactions due to EMIC waves, it is important to know how the waves are distributed and what features they have. In this paper, we present some statistical analyses on the spatial distribution of EMIC waves in the low Earth orbit by using Swarm satellites from December 2013 to June 2017 (~3.5 years) as a function of magnetic local time, magnetic latitude, and magnetic longitude. We also study the wave characteristics such as ellipticity, wave normal angle, peak frequency, and wave power using our automatic wave detection algorithm based on the method of Bortnik et al. (2007, https://doi.org/10.1029/2006JA011900). We also investigate the geomagnetic control of the EMIC waves by comparing with geomagnetic activity represented by Kp and Dst indices. We find that EMIC waves are detected with a peak occurrence rate at midlatitude including subauroral region, dawn sector (3–7 magnetic local time), and linear polarization dominated with an oblique propagating direction to the background magnetic field. In addition, our result shows that the waves have some relation with geomagnetic activity; that is, they occur preferably during the geomagnetic storm's late recovery phase at low Earth orbit.
Thermal Alteration of Pyrite to Pyrrhotite During Earthquakes: New Evidence of Seismic Slip in the Rock Record
Authors: Yang Tao , Dekkers Mark J. , Chen Jianye 
Published: February 2018

AbstractSeismic slip zones convey important information on earthquake energy dissipation and rupture processes. However, geological records of earthquakes along exhumed faults remain scarce. They can be traced with a variety of methods that establish the frictional heating of seismic slip, although each has certain assets and disadvantages. Here we describe a mineral magnetic method to identify seismic slip along with its peak temperature through examination of magnetic mineral assemblages within a fault zone in deep‐sea sediments cored from the Japan Trench—one of the seismically most active regions around Japan—during the Integrated Ocean Drilling Program Expedition 343, the Japan Trench Fast Drilling Project. Fault zone sediments and adjacent host sediments were analyzed mineral magnetically, supplemented by scanning electron microscope observations with associated energy dispersive X‐ray spectroscopy analyses. The presence of the magnetic mineral pyrrhotite appears to be restricted to three fault zones occurring at ~697, ~720, and ~801 m below sea floor in the frontal prism sediments, while it is absent in the adjacent host sediments. Elevated temperatures and coseismic hot fluids as a consequence of frictional heating during earthquake rupture induced partial reaction of preexisting pyrite to pyrrhotite. The presence of pyrrhotite in combination with pyrite‐to‐pyrrhotite reaction kinetics constrains the peak temperature to between 640 and 800°C. The integrated mineral‐magnetic, microscopic, and kinetic approach adopted here is a useful tool to identify seismic slip along faults without frictional melt and establish the associated maximum temperature.
Quantifying Water and Energy Fluxes Over Different Urban Land Covers in Phoenix, Arizona
Authors: Templeton Nicole P. , Vivoni Enrique R. , Wang Zhi‐Hua , Schreiner‐McGraw Adam P. 
Published: February 2018

AbstractThe impact of urbanization on water and energy fluxes varies according to the characteristics of the urban patch type. Nevertheless, urban flux observations are limited, particularly in arid climates, given the wide variety of land cover present in cities. To help address this need, a mobile eddy covariance tower was deployed at three locations in Phoenix, Arizona, to sample the surface energy balance at a parking lot, a xeric landscaping (irrigated trees with gravel) and a mesic landscaping (irrigated turf grass). These deployments were compared to a stationary eddy covariance tower in a suburban neighborhood. A comparison of the observations revealed key differences between the mobile and reference sites tied to the urban land cover within the measurement footprints. For instance, the net radiation varied substantially among the sites in manners consistent with albedo and shallow soil temperature differences. The partitioning of available energy between sensible and latent heat fluxes was modulated strongly by the presence of outdoor water use, with the irrigated turf grass exhibiting the highest evaporative fraction. At this site, we identified a lack of sensitivity of turbulent flux partitioning to precipitation events, which suggests that frequent outdoor water use removes water limitations in an arid climate, thus leading to mesic conditions. Other urban land covers with less irrigation, however, exhibited sensitivity to the occurrence of precipitation, as expected for an arid climate. As a result, quantifying the frequency and magnitude of outdoor water use is critical for understanding evapotranspiration losses in arid urban areas.