bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Ricerche Sull'Azione Antineoplastica Di Un Nuovo Farmaco Di Origine Vegetale: La « Vincaleukoblastine »
Authors: Soldati M. , Gaetani M. 
Published: April 2018

The action of the Vincaleukoblastine sulphate has been studied on some experimental tumours. In the ascites tumour, Ehrlich adenocarcinoma of the mouse and ascites myeloma of the rat, the agent showed a marked antineoplastic activity, with increase of the average survival and reduction of the tumour growth. On the other hand, it proved to be scarcely effective or ineffective on the Oberling-Guérin-Guérin solid tumour. The cytologic examination showed a blocking in the very early mitotic stages, with very high values of the mitotic index in the first hours after introduction of the substance (up to the 14 per cent about) and very severe morphologic alterations of the neoplastic cells (increased vacuolization, cytoplasmic buddings, breaking up of nuclear chromatin with formation of micronuclei, monster cells). The most sensitive to the drug action were demonstrated to be the most atypical and indifferentiated tumour elements belonging to the reticuloendothelial system. As a matter of fact, the ascites myeloma underwent a tumour growth inhibition of the 97 per cent following VLB introduction. VLB, which is promptly and rapidly eliminated, showed rather moderate and reversible toxic effects, which reflect mainly on the bone marrow, with a rapid and transient decrease in number of granuloblasts and erythroblasts.
Ricerche Sull'Azione Della « Vincaleukoblastine Sulphate » in Associazione Ad Altre Sostanze
Authors: Di Marco A. , Soldati M. , Gaetani M. 
Published: April 2018

The antitumoral action of Vincaleukoblastine in association with other substances on Ehrlich ascites tumour has been studied by tests of acute cytotoxicity and by therapeutic trials on the animal. The cytologic analysis of tumour elements, and the values of the calculated mitotic indexes showed that cortisone exerts an antagonistic action on VLB. This finding has been confirmed by therapeutical experiments: in fact, the simultaneous use of the two drugs did not result in a higher antitumoral activity but rather in a shortening of the survival time (probably due to enhancement of toxic effects) in comparison with animals treated with the alkaloid alone. Aminopterin-Vincaleublastine association also failed to exert a significant antitumoral effect, and the data obtained do not differ essentially from those observed after separate administration of the substances. Glutammic acid was found to induce a transient inhibition on VLB activity, as earlier reported by Johnson and coworkers. It is, however, stated that other substances, which interfer on cell energetic metabolism, such as glucose and d-ribose in phosphate buffer, seem to cause a delay of VLB antitumoral action.
Are the Showers of Cancer Cells in the Blood Responsible for an Increase in Metastases?
Authors: Agostino Domenico 
Published: April 2018

Showers of cancer cells were detected in the blood of animals bearing an experimental colon carcinoma of the rat following the administration of fluids into the tumor mass. These showers of cancer cells, however, persisted in the circulating blood only for a short period of time. A significant increase in blood fibrinogen levels and a rapid consumption of factor VIII were also detected after surgery. Hepatic metastases occurred in 9.2 % of the control animals, in 27.7 % of the sodium pentobarbital treated animals, and in 22.4 % of those inoculated with sodium chloride intratumor. The significance of the presence of the showers of cancer cells into the circulating blood produced during these procedures, and the possibilities that these may increase metastases is discussed.
Ovarian and Other Timor Induction by 7,12-Dimethylbenz(a)Anthracene in the Syrian Golden Hamster
Authors: Toth Bela 
Published: April 2018

Two or three weekly repeated intravenous injections of 7,12-dimethylbenz(a)-anthracene (DMBA) in 15% fat emulsion were given to adult randomly bred Syrian golden hamsters. The treatments resulted in the induction of ovarian tumors in the females with incidence of 77% and 85% in the twice and three times injected animals respectively. Out of the 45 ovarian tumors found in the treated groups, 23 were the granulosa cell type, 6 were the theca cell type, 15 were the granulosa-theca cell type (mixed) and one was a hilar cell tumor. In 35 animals the tumors occurred bilaterally and in 10 unilaterally. Additionally, a significant percentage of animals of both sexes developed dermal melanocytomas, tumors of forestomach, breast, intestines, skin, subcutis, lymphoreticular tissue, etc. The induction of ovarian tumors with high incidence by a chemical carcinogen in the hamster provides a model by which the factors involved in the pathogenesis of this neoplasm could be studied.
Estimating Relative Survival of Italian Cancer Patients from Sparse Cancer Registries Data
Authors: De Angelis Roberta , Capocaccia Riccardo , Verdecchia Arduino 
Published: April 2018

Purpose A method is presented for estimating relative survival of cancer patients at the national level from survival data provided by cancer registries covering only a subset of the general population and referring to different, and not necessarily overlapping, incidence periods. Methods Relative survival rates are estimated as a function of the covariates sex, age, epoch of diagnosis, and registry area by means of a multiple regression model. National estimates are then computed by appropriate weighting of the sex-, age-, time- and registry-specific expected relative survival values. Results The method is illustrated by a sample application to survival data of female breast cancer patients in Italy. The national estimates of breast cancer survival pattern show a mild decrease of survival with age and a marked increase with period of diagnosis.
Radiation Therapy for Stage I Primary Orbital Non-Hodgkin's Lymphomas
Authors: Erkal Haldun Şükrü , Serin Meltem , Sak Serpil Dizbay , Çakmak Ahmet 
Published: April 2018

Aims and Background The orbit is an uncommon primary site for non-Hodgkin's lymphomas (NHL), and it accounts for less than 1% of all sites of primary presentations. We report the experience of the Department of Radiation Oncology at Ankara University Faculty of Medicine with radiation therapy in treatment of patients with stage I primary orbital NHL. Methods From February 1978 through August 1993, 14 patients with stage I primary orbital NHL were treated with radiation therapy. According to the Working Formulation classification, 8 patients had low-grade and 6 had intermediate-grade lymphomas. The most commonly used radiation therapy technique was a single anterior field with a Cobalt-60 unit, delivering 40 Gy in 2 Gy daily fractions. Two patients with intermediate-grade lymphomas received the CHOP regimen following radiation therapy. Results Follow-up ranged from 0.8 to 18.3 years (median, 10.3 years). Local control was achieved in all patients. Two patients with low-grade lymphomas relapsed locally and were successfully salvaged with radiation therapy. Three patients with intermediate-grade lymphomas failed systemically. Salvage therapy consisted of combination chemotherapy for 2 of them but was unsuccessful. Overall survival probabilities at 2, 5 and 10 years were 78.6%, 61.1% and 52.4%, respectively, for the entire group of 14 patients. Overall, cause-specific and disease-free survival probabilities were higher for patients with low-grade lymphomas than for those with intermediate-grade lymphomas (P = 0.03, P = 0.03 and P = 0.06, respectively). Cataracts were observed in 9 and lacrimal disorders in 4 patients. Conclusions The study suggests that among stage I primary orbital NHL, low-grade lymphomas could be treated with radiation therapy alone, whereas combination chemotherapy could accompany radiation therapy for intermediate-grade lymphomas.
Giant Cell Tumor of Tendon Sheath: Immunohistochemical Study of 20 Cases
Authors: Cavaliere Antonio , Sidoni Angelo , Bucciarelli Emilio 
Published: April 2018

Aims and background Giant cell tumor of tendon sheath (GCTTS) is a common tumor occurring on the tendon sheaths of the fingers. The nature of this lesion is still controversial: some researchers consider it a reactive process arising from chronic inflammation while others regard it as a tumor of presumed synovial cell or monocytic macrophage system origin. In an effort to clarify the histogenesis we decided to further investigate the immunophenotypic profile of this tumor. Study design We studied 20 GCTTS of the fingers using a panel of 18 antibodies, 13 monoclonal and 5 polyclonal. Results The immunohistochemical investigation revealed that the mononuclear cells of this lesion can be divided into two groups. The cells of the first and more numerous group were positive for vimentin, PG-M1 and KP1 but also for muscle actin (HHF35 monoclonal antibody) and neuron-specific enolase. A second population of mononuclear cells, usually arranged around the giant cells, were positive for PG-M1, KP1, LCA and occasionally for alpha-1-antitrypsin and alpha-1-antichymotrypsin. Multinucleated giant cells were also positive for KP1, PG-M1 and LCA monoclonal antibodies. A variable but usually weak positivity for al-pha-1-antitrypsin, alpha-1-antichymotrypsin and lysozyme was also observed. Conclusions Our results suggest a synovial cell origin for GCTTS and do not support the hypothesis that it could be a neoplasm with a true histiocytic origin. The positivity of some cells for the HHF35 antibody, together with electron microscopic evidence of filament bundles with focal dense bodies, suggests that at least part of the mononuclear cells may have a myofibroblastic differentiation.
Comparison of two Different Radiotherapy Schedules for Spinal Cord Compression in Prostate Cancer
Authors: Maranzano Ernesto , Latini Paolo , Beneventi Sara , Marafioti Luigi , Piro Fabrizio , Perrucci Elisabetta , Lupattelli Marco 
Published: April 2018

Aims and background To assess the clinical outcome and toxicity of two different radiotherapy (RT) schedules for the management of metastatic spinal cord compression from prostate cancer, we performed a prospective analysis of 44 patients with the complication. Methods Two different RT schedules were adopted, a split-course regimen of 5 Gy x 3, 4 days rest, and then 3 Gy x 5, and a short-course regimen of 8 Gy, 7 days rest, and then 8 Gy. The split-course RT was adopted for all prostate cancer patients referred to our center between 1986 and 1992. Starting in 1993, the short-course RT was added for patients with a poor prognosis (i.e., paresis or paraplegia, low performance status, and/or short life expectation), whereas others still underwent the split-course regimen. So, 27 (61%) patients were treated with the split-course and the other 17 (39%) with the short-course regimen. Medium follow-up was 48 months (range, 6 to 123). Results Back pain total response rate was 82%. Effectiveness of RT on motor and bladder capacity was conditioned by pretreatment status of patients. All 20 (100%) walking cases maintained the function, whereas 11 of 24 (46%) with motor impairment regained the ability. The difference in response rate was statistically significant (P<0.001). All 36 (100%) patients, able to void at presentation preserved the capacity, whereas 3 of 8 (38%) with sphincter dysfunction no longer needed an indwelling catheter. Posttreatment neurologic status was the only factor found to affect survival. Median survival, 9 months for the whole group, was 10 and 2 months for posttreatment walking and nonwalking patients, respectively (10 vs 2 months, P<0.001). Neither presence of other metastases nor RT regimen used (split vs short-course) conditioned response rate, duration of response or survival. Acute or late, severe toxicity was never recorded. No patient complained of spinal cord morbidity. Conclusions Both split-course and short-course RT schedules were effective and without complications. Early diagnosis was the most important prognostic factor, but there was also recovery of function in about half of the patients unable to walk, and about one-third of patients with bladder dysfunction before treatment. Since length of the course of therapy is a factor with an important impact on the patient's quality of life, the short-course RT regimen adopted in the trial merits further investigation.
Thyroid Cancer in Uremic Patients
Authors: Hatada Takuya , Okada Kaoru , Ishii Hiromitsu , Ichii Shigetoshi , Utsunomiya Joji 
Published: April 2018

Background The combination of thyroid cancer and secondary uremic hyperparathyroidism has thus far been reported in only 25 cases. Methods Here we report our experience of 19 patients with secondary hyperparathyroidism who underwent parathyroidectomy. Results Thyroid nodules were present in five patients (26.3%), including one with a benign nodule and four with papillary thyroid cancer (21.1%). Conclusion Our experience suggests that, in order to make a correct diagnosis, clinicians should consider the possibility of thyroid cancer in uremic patients with secondary hyperparathyroidism.
Endometrioid Carcinoma of the Ovary: A Retrospective Analysis of 106 Cases
Authors: Grosso Giuseppe , Raspagliesi Francesco , Baiocchi Gabriela , Di Re Emanuela , Colavita Maria , Cobellis Luigi 
Published: April 2018

Aims and background This report retrospectively analyzes 106 cases of endometrioid carcinoma of the ovary treated at the National Cancer Institute of Milan from 1974 through December 1993. In 12 of the 106 cases (11.3%) a synchronous carcinoma of the uterine body was observed. Methods and study design Only patients who had previously untreated disease were included in the study. Patients with synchronous tumors were staged according to their ovarian cancer and treated according to the stage of that disease. Results Thirty-nine patients (36.8%) had stage I, 17 (16.0%) stage II, 43 (40.6%) stage III, and 7 (6.6%) stage IV disease. Moderately plus poorly differentiated tumors were present in 76 of the 106 cases (71.7%). Considering the 67 patients with advanced disease, residual tumor was absent in 27 cases (40.3%), ≤ 2 cm in 17 (25.4%), and > 2 cm in 23 (34.3%) cases. Systematic pelvic and para-aortic lymphadenectomy was performed in 60 patients (56.6%); selective sampling was carried out in 23 cases (21.7%). After surgery, 77 patients underwent various chemotherapy regimens. Conclusion Using univariate analysis, FIGO stage, tumor grade, residual disease after surgery, lymph node status, and platinum in the chemotherapy regimen significantly influenced 5-year survival. However, when all these variables were included in a multivariate analysis only FIGO stage still had a significant impact on survival. Survival analysis also showed a trend towards longer survival in patients with synchronous tumors.
Treatment of Advanced Colorectal Cancer (CRC) in Daily Practice: Results of a Survey in two Italian Regions, Piemonte and Valle D'aosta
Authors: Comandone Alessandro , Berardo Roberto , Faggiuolo Roberto , Boglione Antonella , Bergnolo Paola , Dal Canton Orietta , Di Napoli Angelo , Oliva Cristiano , Bumma Cesare 
Published: April 2018

Aims and background Colorectal cancer (CRC) is one of the most important health problems in Western countries: it is the fourth cancer in terms of incidence and the second cause of cancer death. Surgery is the main therapeutic choice and there is broad consensus on the role of adjuvant chemotherapy (CT) after resection. Unfortunately, 50% of the patients will relapse and die of the disease. Palliative CT based on 5-fluorouracil (5FU) may induce a 9-48% response rate with a median survival of 11.5 months. At present there is no gold standard for CT in advanced CRC and the situation has become more complicated since the advent of new drugs (Raltitrexed, Irinotecan, Oxaliplatin). The aim of this study was the identification of the different approaches to treatment of advanced CRC among the clinicians (oncologists, radiologists, internal medicine specialists, surgeons) who practice CT. Methods and study design Forty-six clinicians from two Italian Regions (Piemonte and Valle d'Aosta) were interviewed by telephone. Results 5FU modulated with Lederfolin according to the classic Machover scheme is the main option in daily practice. More sophisticated therapies are reserved to patients with a good performance status (PS) and are prescribed only in the larger centers. The planned therapies usually consist of six courses. Restaging may be performed after three or six courses. A marked difference has been recorded in the evaluation of a situation of no change (NC): 25.5% of the clinicians evaluate stable disease as a positive result. In the event of disease progression or relapse, 35% of the clinicians do not prescribe second-line CT. In case of further treatment, the options are totally subjective. Conclusions A national survey on this issue is necessary under the auspices of AIOM (Associazione Italiana Oncologia Medica) and involving oncologists, epidemiologists and statisticians, in order to define the reasons for variations in therapy in advanced CRC and determine the differences between clinicians of different age, specialization and location. This survey could lead to a definition of guidelines for the treatment of advanced CRC.
pS2 in Breast Carcinoma: Association with Steroid Hormone Receptor Status
Authors: Nikolić-Vukosavljević Dragica , Grujić-Adanja Gordana , Janković Radmila , Branković-Magić Mirjana , Polić Đoka , Jovanović Danica , Mitrović Labuda 
Published: April 2018

Aims and background Knowledge of the steroid hormone receptors has proved to be of significant value in breast cancer. In the present study the possible importance of estrogen-regulated pS2 protein was investigated. Our direct purpose was to answer the question whether the expression of pS2 may be a marker of functional heterogeneity with respect to the steroid hormone receptor status. Methods and study design The study included 152 patients with primary, operable, histologically confirmed breast carcinomas. Histology specimens were reviewed and classified according to type, nodal status, tumor size and grade. Steroid hormone receptors were assayed by biochemical methods according to the procedures recommended by the EORTC. pS2 protein measurement was performed in breast carcinoma cytosols using an immunoradio-metric assay. The results were analyzed by non-parametric statistical methods. Results A statistically significant inverse correlation between pS2 protein expression and histological tumor grade was found. The expression of pS2 protein was confirmed to be correlated with steroid hormone receptor status. However, it is important to point out that in spite of these statistically significant findings there were no significant biological associations due to overlapping individual pS2 protein values. The baseline level of expression of pS2 protein was obtained in histological grade III carcinomas with a negative steroid hormone receptor status. It was shown that the distribution of carcinomas according to the baseline level of pS2 protein expression was heterogeneous among estrogen receptor-positive carcinomas, and strikingly homogeneous among estrogen and progesterone-negative carcinoma. Conclusion Our study suggested that PR and pS2 protein may identify distinct subsets of estrogen receptor-positive breast carcinomas.
CD30 Differential Staining is Useful in Classifying Lymphomas Intermediate between Hodgkin's Disease and Anaplastic Large Cell (Ki1) Lymphoma
Authors: Schmidt Ulrich , Metz Klaus Alfred , Möser Ute 
Published: April 2018

Aims and background The authors analyzed the BerH2 reactivity patterns of the tumor cells in 23 Hodgkin's lymphomas (HD), in 13 CD30+ anaplastic large cell (Ki1) lymphomas (ALCL), in two HD with transition to secondary CD30+ ALCL, and in six additional lymphomas intermediate between HD and ALCL. Methods Paraffin blocks of formalin-fixed biopsies were im-munostained. Immunostaining was modified by pronase digestion and by microwave assistance. Results Hodgkin-Reed-Sternberg (HRS) cells of all 23 Hodgkin's lymphomas were reactive for BerH2, but the reactivity patterns differed: after pronase digestion, HRS cells of 17/23 Hodgkin's lymphomas showed exclusively or at least predominantly cytoplasmic BerH2 reactivity, whereas only four Hodgkin's lymphomas presented with prominent membrane-bound positivity. Microwave processing in 16/23 Hodgkin's lymphomas induced membrane-bound BerH2 positivity in the HRS cells; a minority of five cases retained the distinct cytoplasmic pattern. In contrast, 10/13 ALCLs were characterized by membranous reactions, independent of whether pronase or microwave pretreatment had been applied. The CD30+ ALCLs secondary to HD also showed a tendency towards membranous positivity more than did the antecedent Hodgkin's lymphomas. In the HD/AL-CL borderline group, 3/6 cases revealed cytoplasmic BerH2 patterns after pronase digestion and thus were more closely related to HD, whereas 2/6 cases reacted with membranous positivity as did the genuine ALCLs of our series. Conclusions We conclude from these findings that the above modifications in CD30 immunostaining can be helpful in the characterization of lymphomas that constitute a continuous histomorphologi-cal as well as phenotypical spectrum between HD and ALCL.
Solitary Eosinophilic Granuloma of the Calvaria
Authors: Puzzilli Fabrizio , Mastronardi Luciano , Farah Jibril Osman , Ruggeri Andrea , Lunardi Pierpaolo 
Published: April 2018

Aims and background Histiocytosis X is a condition characterized by an abnormal proliferation of histiocytes with a variable granulomatous and inflammatory component; bone involvement is almost always present. The aim of this study was to define the management of solitary eosinophilic granuloma (EG) of the calvaria in adult patients, in relation to the size and site of the lesion. Methods Fourteen patients, ranging in age from 7 to 45 years, with solitary eosinophilic granuloma of the calvaria were surgically treated by craniectomy or curettage and cranioplasty. We subgrouped the lesions into two types: A) lesions localized inside the diploë and/or compressing the cerebral parenchyma below but without dural infiltration; B) lesions with mainly intracranial growth, compressing the cerebral parenchyma and infiltrating the dura. The infiltrated dura mater in type B lesions was replaced with a dural patch. Cranioplasty was performed in lesions with a diameter of 4 cm or more and/or located in aesthetically exposed areas of the skull. Results None of the patients died during the study and no local or systemic recurrences were observed during follow-up (min. 3 yrs, max. 8 yrs). Conclusions Surgical treatment of patients with isolated EG of the calvaria not only is simple and quick but also allows histological diagnosis of the osteolytic lesion. These patients do not require further adjuvant treatment. Cranioplasty should be performed when the lesion has a diameter of 4 cm or more, when it is located in aesthetically exposed areas of the skull such as the frontal or temporal bones, or when it produces alterations of the normal skull morphology.