bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Eelgrass (Zostera marina) Recovery Affected by Disturbance Timing on Mechanically Harvested Oyster Culture Beds
Authors: Boardman F. C. , Ruesink J. L. 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
Amid global seagrass declines and increasing human demands of coastal habitat, it is critical to mitigate the loss of seagrass habitat through understanding seagrass resilience following large-scale disturbance. Although seagrasses often respond to disturbance through increased sexual or asexual reproduction, past research on the cosmopolitan Zostera marina (eelgrass) is highly variable in terms of whether recovery occurs, and whether seeds or clonal growth is the primary contributor. In Willapa Bay, Washington state, we studied eelgrass recovery following large-scale disturbance on six adjacent oyster culture beds (~ 10,000 m2 in area) that were harvested using mechanical methods (i.e., dredging). We found that recovery potential and mode are heavily affected by the timing of disturbance. In the 200 and 400 days post-disturbance, beds disturbed during the early growing season (EGS; January–April) were estimated to have more than double the vegetative shoot density of beds disturbed during the late growing season (LGS; May–September). We also found a higher contribution of new shoots from seedlings following EGS relative to LGS disturbance, with up to 71% of shoots following EGS disturbance occurring from seedling origin. Consistent with eelgrass life history, spring seedling densities were positively affected by flowering shoot densities the previous summer. Clonal reproduction (i.e., branching) was negatively affected by a disturbance within the past 4 months, likely from physical damage, but also showed negative density dependence, meaning that higher branching rates were observed at lower shoot densities. Overall, this work emphasizes the importance of seedlings to seagrass recovery and demonstrates that Z. marina has higher recovery when disturbed (here by mechanical harvest of shellfish) during EGS versus LGS time periods. These findings provide straightforward guidelines for the management of anthropogenic disturbance on eelgrass beds to reduce permanent habitat loss and can also guide restoration efforts of eelgrass beds.
Emerging into the rainforest: Emergence and special science ontology
Authors: Franklin Alexander , Robertson Katie 
Published: December 2024

AbstractScientific realists don’t standardly discriminate between, say, biology and fundamental physics when deciding whether the evidence and explanatory power warrant the inclusion of new entities in our ontology. As such, scientific realists are committed to a lush rainforest of special science kinds (Ross, 2000). Viruses certainly inhabit this rainforest – their explanatory power is overwhelming – but viruses’ properties can be explained from the bottom up: reductive explanations involving amino acids are generally available. However, reduction has often been taken to lead to a metaphysical downgrading, so how can viruses keep their place in the rainforest? In this paper, we show how the inhabitants of the rainforest can be inoculated against the eliminative threat of reduction: by demonstrating that they are emergent. According to our account, emergence involves a screening off condition as well as novelty. We go on to demonstrate that this account of emergence, which is compatible with theoretical reducibility, satisfies common intuitions concerning what should and shouldn’t count as real: viruses are emergent, as are trout and turkeys, but philosophically gerrymandered objects like trout-turkeys do not qualify.
The Scarring Effect of a Prolonged School-to-Work Transition on Young People’s Future Careers and the Influence of Family Background
Authors: Fabrizi Elena , Rocca Antonella 
Published: December 2024

AbstractWithin the EU-27, Italy is one of the countries with the highest levels of inequality and intergenerational transmission of disadvantage. This paper aims to verify the effect that different conditions of vulnerability, such as a low socio-economic family background (SEB) and a prolonged period in the school-work transition, have on individuals’ future careers. The analysis is based on a dataset obtained by matching the EU-SILC data with the administrative archives of the National Institute of Social Security. We measured the determinants of the duration of the waiting time to the first job (STWT). The Cox survival function shows that growing up in a disadvantaged family context strongly increases the probability of longer STWT. We also explore the effects of this duration, combined with the family socio-economic background, on the subsequent ten years of job career. A longer STWT increases the probability of experiencing longer spells of unemployment or inactivity, leading to more precarious working conditions. The relationship is complex and non-linear, with a diminishing negative impact on career stability as STWT duration increases, especially for individuals with high SEB.
Tailoring Cathode–Electrolyte Interface for High-Power and Stable Lithium–Sulfur Batteries
Authors: Liu Mengting , Hu Ling-Jiao , Guan Zhao-Kun , Chen Tian-Ling , Zhang Xin-Yu , Sun Shuai , Shi Ruoli , Jing Panpan , Wang Peng-Fei 
Published: December 2024

AbstractGlobal interest in lithium–sulfur batteries as one of the most promising energy storage technologies has been sparked by their low sulfur cathode cost, high gravimetric, volumetric energy densities, abundant resources, and environmental friendliness. However, their practical application is significantly impeded by several serious issues that arise at the cathode–electrolyte interface, such as interface structure degradation including the uneven deposition of Li2S, unstable cathode–electrolyte interphase (CEI) layer and intermediate polysulfide shuttle effect. Thus, an optimized cathode–electrolyte interface along with optimized electrodes is required for overall improvement. Herein, we comprehensively outline the challenges and corresponding strategies, including electrolyte optimization to create a dense CEI layer, regulating the Li2S deposition pattern, and inhibiting the shuttle effect with regard to the solid–liquid–solid pathway, the transformation from solid–liquid–solid to solid–solid pathway, and solid–solid pathway at the cathode–electrolyte interface. In order to spur more perceptive research and hasten the widespread use of lithium–sulfur batteries, viewpoints on designing a stable interface with a deep comprehension are also put forth.
Properties of QCD matter: a review of selected results from ALICE experiment
Authors: Shou Qi-Ye , Ma Yu-Gang , Zhang Song , Zhu Jian-Hui , Mao Ya-Xian , Pei Hua , Yin Zhong-Bao , Zhang Xiao-Ming , Zhou Dai-Cui , Peng Xin-Ye , Bai Xiao-Zhi , Tang Ze-Bo , Zhang Yi-Fei , Li Xiao-Mei 
Published: December 2024

AbstractThe Large Hadron Collider (LHC), the world’s largest and most powerful particle accelerator, has been a pivotal tool in advancing our understanding of fundamental physics. By colliding heavy ions, such as lead ions, the LHC recreates conditions similar to those just after the Big Bang. This allows scientists to study the quark–gluon plasma (QGP), a state of matter in which quarks and gluons are not confined within protons and neutrons. These studies provide valuable insights into the strong force and the behavior of the early universe. In this paper, we present a comprehensive overview of recent significant findings from A Large Ion Collider Experiment (ALICE) at the LHC. The topics covered include measurements related to the properties of the QGP, particle production, flow and correlations, dileptons, quarkonia, and electromagnetic probes, heavy flavor, and jets. Additionally, we introduce future plans for detector upgrades in the ALICE experiment.
Waste materials utilization in 3D printable concrete for sustainable construction applications: a review
Authors: Irshidat Mohammad , Cabibihan John-John , Fadli Fodil , Al-Ramahi Siraj , Saadeh Marwa 
Published: December 2024

AbstractThree dimensionally printed concrete (3DPC) is an interesting topic that has attracted increasing attention during the last few years. This paper offers a comprehensive review of the utilization of waste materials in 3DPC. The literature on the different waste materials that have been utilized in 3DPC, such as silica fume, fly ash, recycled sand, waste glass, municipal incineration ash, ground granulated blast furnace slag, and steel slag, are reviewed. The influence of these waste materials on the main parameters of 3D printing of concrete such as the buildability, extrudability, and open time are discussed. In addition, the paper addressed the effect of these wastes on the mechanical strengths of the printed concrete. This paper finds that merging the technology of 3D printing of concrete with the usage waste materials will revolutionize the construction industry by addressing the challenges in meeting the required strength parameters of concrete using 3D printing technology and at the same time making construction process more economically and environmentally viable. Finally, to improve the efficiency of this emerging construction technique, authors recommend using combination of different waste materials together, taking into consideration using some additives to balance out the negative effects of waste materials on other parameters.
From human-system interaction to human-system co-action and back: ethical assessment of generative AI and mutual theory of mind
Authors: Richter Florian 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
Human-machine ethics has emerged as a rapidly growing research field in recent years. However, it seems that Generative Artificial Intelligence (AI) leads to a paradigm shift from human-machine interaction to co-action. The ethical assessment of such relationships is still in the making and needs further scrutiny. First, studies about the influence of technology in human-system interactions and manipulation are reviewed. Second, the “mutual theory of mind” approach is critically examined to identify its shortcomings. Third, creating user models is reconstruced to demonstrate the strategies of systems. Finally, use cases are discussed and assessed to outline ethical implications.
Cardiometabolic risk factors among thyroid cancer survivors
Authors: Kaouache Nadjib , Lakehal Abdelhak , Gavrila Alina , Nouri Nassim 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
Introduction
Thyroid cancer incidence has tripled in the last decades, resulting in a growing population of survivors. In addition to the risks associated with the cancer itself, cardiovascular disease represents a major cause of morbidity and mortality in thyroid cancer survivors. Our study aims to assess the frequency of cardiovascular and metabolic risk factors in thyroid cancer survivors (TCS).

Methods
A cross-sectional analysis of thyroid cancer patients at Constantine’s University Hospital, Algeria (January 2021 to July 2022), used the WHO STEPS approach to assess risk factors. Cancer data were extracted from medical records.

Results
A total of 342 patients were included, of whom 88.9% were women. The mean age was 48 years (range 21–85), papillary thyroid cancer accounted for 82% of cases. The mean survival duration was 4 years (6 months to 32 years), and 74.5% of patients responded well to initial treatment. The current smoking rate was 2.6%, 7.5% of patients engaged in vigorous physical activity, and only 7.8% consumed more than 5 fruits or vegetables daily. At the study time, over 80.7% were overweight or obese, and 86% exhibited android obesity. Hypertension (48.8%), diabetes (27.5%), prediabetes (32.5%), dyslipidemia (77.5%), and metabolic syndrome (61.1%) were common. Factors associated with metabolic syndrome included a family history of obesity (OR) of 1.80 (1.08–3.02), age over 40 OR of 2.71 (1.63–4.51), overweight/obesity OR of 5.134 (2.68–9.84), and levothyroxine doses ≥ 125 µg/day OR of 2.480 (1.45–4.23).

Conclusion
Cardiovascular and metabolic risk factors are prevalent in our population of thyroid cancer survivors.
Optimal stopping of Gauss–Markov bridges
Authors: Azze Abel , D’Auria Bernardo , García-Portugués Eduardo 
Published: December 2024

AbstractWe solve the non-discounted, finite-horizon optimal stopping problem of a Gauss–Markov bridge by using a time-space transformation approach. The associated optimal stopping boundary is proved to be Lipschitz continuous on any closed interval that excludes the horizon, and it is characterized by the unique solution of an integral equation. A Picard iteration algorithm is discussed and implemented to exemplify the numerical computation and geometry of the optimal stopping boundary for some illustrative cases.
Developing AI predictive migration tools to enhance humanitarian support: The case of EUMigraTool
Authors: Blasi Casagran Cristina , Stavropoulos Georgios 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
The EUMigraTool (EMT) provides short-term and mid-term predictions of asylum seekers arriving in the European Union, drawing on multiple sources of public information and with a focus on human rights. After 3 years of development, it has been tested in real environments by 17 NGOs working with migrants in Spain, Italy, and Greece.
This paper will first describe the functionalities, models, and features of the EMT. It will then analyze the main challenges and limitations of developing a tool for non-profit organizations, focusing on issues such as (1) the validation process and accuracy, and (2) the main ethical concerns, including the challenging exploitation plan when the main target group are NGOs.
The overall purpose of this paper is to share the results and lessons learned from the creation of the EMT, and to reflect on the main elements that need to be considered when developing a predictive tool for assisting NGOs in the field of migration.
Gazing at long-term linkages between agricultural land use and population growth in India: an inverted “U-shape” relationship
Authors: Jana Arjun , Goli Srinivas 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
This study investigates the linkages between changes in agricultural land use and population growth in India. We have employed long-term time series and a panel dataset of 1869 samples (267 districts × 7 time points from 1961 to 2021) to determine this. We theorize that there is an inverted “U-shape” relationship between changes in population growth and agricultural land. Our findings suggest a positive impact of population growth on the change in cultivated land. However, this relationship was not static during 1961–2021. We found a two-stage split relationship with a breakpoint in 1981. Prior to the 1980s, there was a 12% expansion in cultivated land in response to a unit increase in population growth. During the post-1980s, with a unit decline in population growth, there was a 5% reduction in cultivated land. The findings were reaffirmed through several robustness checks: analyses using alternative outcome variables, alternative break points in a segmented regression model, and spatial modeling. From a policy perspective, this study advances the need for the reduction of population growth rate in high-fertility states and the adoption of superior and green technology for agricultural intensification and diversification to stop cropland expansion at the cost of environmental sustainability.
Searching for Law in Its Own Right: A Fresh Look at the Demarcation Problem
Authors: Bertea Stefano 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
In this work, I address the “demarcation problem” in law, which invites us to look for the essential properties distinguishing law from nonlaw. First, I introduce the main terms of the discussion, which has seen the traditional view that law is a distinctive practice with its own distinguishing properties pitted against the critical view that law cannot be associated with any such properties. I then turn to what I take to be the core of truth that the critics of the demarcation project have brought to our attention, showing that they have offered a compelling argument even against the most sophisticated treatments of the distinctive traits of law contained in the work of influential mainstream legal theorists. Finally, I argue that, despite the best critical efforts, the demarcation question stands. For, while the critical stance does have a point in challenging the search for necessary and sufficient properties of law, it does not follow that there is no justification at all for the demarcation project, once this project is understood as a circumscribed and context-bound quest for the properties that are fundamental to the core cases of law in a specific tradition.
Iranian Women’s Uprising: Lessons for Euro-American Academic Feminism
Authors: Gashtili Paria 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
This paper reflects on representations of the convergence of Islam and feminism in light of the recent uprising of Iranian women. Most of the existing literature discussing Muslim women’s rights are locked in a dichotomy of approaches, one being prejudicial and the other apologetic. The prejudicial approach is a (neo-)Orientalist one. It understands Muslim societies as backward and their redemption in abandoning Islam and following the lead of the “West.” The apologetic approach is a multiculturalist one, advocating most prominently by academic feminists based in Europe and United States. In trying to reclaim agency for Muslim women, this approach denies real oppressions happening in Muslim societies, and as a result of Islamic practices. Inspired by Iranian women’s fight for freedom, this paper challenges the aforementioned dichotomy, and instead calls for a third approach that begins with, and responds to, the lived experiences of women living in Muslim societies.
A Performative Feminist Hinge Epistemology: Making Room for Feminist Hinges
Authors: Carmona Carla , Gómez-Ledo Ignacio 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
In this paper, we propose a performative account of hinge epistemology to make the case for a feminist hinge epistemology. We characterize it as follows: 1) there are hinges that enable and govern our ordinary epistemic practices, functioning as rules; 2) these hinges are enacted and actualized in the specific actions of agents that participate in such practices; 3) this makes room for the transformation and emergence of hinges; 4) against this background, we argue in favor of the possibility of feminist hinges. This novel account opens the way for hinge epistemology to be useful for feminist goals in epistemology, which we believe is the ultimate criterion for hinge epistemology to be legitimately feminist.
Addressing the environmental sustainability of plastics used in agriculture: a multi-actor perspective
Authors: Tartiu Valentina E. , Hurley Rachel , Baann Cecilie , Briassoulis Demetres , Schettini Evelia , Convertino Fabiana , Le Moine Bernard , Martinelli Adalgisa , Vernet Luc , Ranneklev Sissel B. , Geissen Violette , Huerta Lwanga Esperanza , Beriot Nicolas , He Defu , Thompson Richard H. , Carcasci Giulia , Nizzetto Luca 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
Plastics used in agriculture, commonly known as agriplastics (AP), offer numerous advantages in terrestrial agriculture, forestry, fisheries and aquaculture, but the diffusion of AP-intensive practices has led to extensive pollution. This review aims to synthesise scientific and policy discussions surrounding AP, examining evidence of their benefits and detrimental environmental and agricultural impacts. Following the proposal of a preliminary general taxonomy of AP, this paper presents the findings from a survey conducted among international experts from the plastic industry, farmer organisations, NGOs and environmental research institutes. This analysis highlights knowledge gaps, demands and perspectives for the sustainable future use of AP. Stakeholder positions vary on the options of ‘rejection’ or ‘reduction’ of AP, as well as the role of alternative materials such as (bio)degradable and compostable plastics. However, there is consensus on critical issues such as redesign, labelling, traceability, environmental safety standards, deployment and retrieval standards, as well as innovative waste management approaches. All stakeholders express concern for the environment. A ‘best practice’-based circular model was elaborated capturing these perspectives. In the context of global food systems increasingly reliant on AP, scientists emphasise the need to simultaneously preserve nature-based and traditional knowledge-based sustainable agricultural practices to enhance food system resilience.
Daily estradiol and progesterone levels moderate genetic and environmental influences on emotional eating across 45 consecutive days in female twins
Authors: Klump Kelly L. , Mikhail Megan E. , Anaya Carolina , Keel Pamela K. , Culbert Kristen M. , Sisk Cheryl L. , Johnson Alexander , Boker Steven , Neale Micheal C. , Burt S. Alexandra 
Published: December 2024

AbstractBackgroundPast studies indicate daily increases in estrogen across the menstrual cycle protect against binge-eating (BE) phenotypes (e.g. emotional eating), whereas increases in progesterone enhance risk. Two previous studies from our laboratory suggest these associations could be due to differential genomic effects of estrogen and progesterone. However, these prior studies were unable to directly model effects of daily changes in hormones on etiologic risk, instead relying on menstrual cycle phase or mean hormone levels. The current study used newly modified twin models to examine, for the first time, the effects of daily changes in estradiol and progesterone on genetic/environmental influences on emotional eating in our archival twin sample assessed across 45 consecutive days.MethodsParticipants included 468 female twins from the Michigan State University Twin Registry. Daily emotional eating was assessed with the Dutch Eating Behavior Questionnaire, and daily saliva samples were assayed for ovarian hormone levels. Modified genotype × environment interaction models examined daily changes in genetic/environmental effects across hormone levels.ResultsFindings revealed differential effects of daily changes in hormones on etiologic risk, with increasing genetic influences across progesterone levels, and increasing shared environmental influences at the highest estradiol levels. Results were consistent across primary analyses examining all study days and sensitivity analyses within menstrual cycle phases.ConclusionsFindings are significant in being the first to identify changes in etiologic risk for BE symptoms across daily hormone levels and highlighting novel mechanisms (e.g. hormone threshold effects, regulation of conserved genes) that may contribute to the etiology of BE.
A foundation for synthetic algebraic geometry
Authors: Cherubini Felix , Coquand Thierry , Hutzler Matthias 
Published: December 2024

AbstractThis is a foundation for algebraic geometry, developed internal to the Zariski topos, building on the work of Kock and Blechschmidt (Kock (2006) [I.12], Blechschmidt (2017)). The Zariski topos consists of sheaves on the site opposite to the category of finitely presented algebras over a fixed ring, with the Zariski topology, that is, generating covers are given by localization maps for finitely many elements
$f_1,\dots, f_n$
that generate the ideal
$(1)=A\subseteq A$
. We use homotopy-type theory together with three axioms as the internal language of a (higher) Zariski topos. One of our main contributions is the use of higher types – in the homotopical sense – to define and reason about cohomology. Actually computing cohomology groups seems to need a principle along the lines of our “Zariski local choice” axiom, which we justify as well as the other axioms using a cubical model of homotopy-type theory.