bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Die neue DAfStb‐Richtlinie „Treibhausgasreduzierte Tragwerke aus Beton, Stahlbeton oder Spannbeton“ – Meilenstein für den Klimaschutz
Authors: Haist Michael , Glock Christian , Wiens Udo , Heckmann Michael , Schack Tobias 
Published: November 2024

AbstractMit Blick auf den bereits vorhandenen Klimawandel wird deutlich, dass eine möglichst schnelle Reduktion der Treibhausgasemissionen (THG‐Emissionen) auch im Bauwesen notwendig ist und klimafreundliche Lösungen zunehmend an Bedeutung gewinnen. Um eine quantifizierbare Vergleichbarkeit der „Klimafreundlichkeit“ unterschiedlicher Lösungen zu ermöglichen, wurde vom Technischen Ausschuss „Nachhaltig Bauen mit Beton (TA NBB)“ des Deutschen Ausschusses für Stahlbeton (DAfStb) innerhalb von rund zwei Jahren die Richtlinie „Treibhausgasreduzierte Tragwerke aus Beton, Stahlbeton oder Spannbeton (THG‐Richtlinie)“ entwickelt. Die THG‐Richtlinie führt zusätzlich zu den im Bauwesen bekannten Grenzzuständen der Tragfähigkeit und Gebrauchstauglichkeit eine quantifizierbare Anwendungsregel zur Klimaverträglichkeit ein. Durch die in der Richtlinie entwickelten Regelungen und Nachweisformate wird es zukünftig möglich, die im Zuge der Errichtung und Entsorgung eines Betonbauwerks maßgebenden THG‐Emissionen nach einheitlichen Standards zu errechnen und in ein Klassifizierungssystem einzuordnen. Bauherren und Bauherrinnen sowie Planende können durch die Einführung eines Klassifizierungssystems Zielvorgaben zu den zu realisierenden Treibhausgaseinsparungen im Vergleich zu einem Referenzbauwerk bzw. ‐bauteil festlegen. Die THG‐Richtlinie ist ein zentrales Element in der Strategie des DAfStb, die Betonbauweise auch in Zeiten großer ökologischer und technischer Herausforderungen in die Zukunft zu führen. Vielfältige Anstrengungen auf Seiten der Zement‐, Beton‐ und Stahlindustrie sowie der Bauindustrie und auch der Planenden belegen dabei, dass bereits heute praxistaugliche und sichere Lösungen vorliegen, um die THG‐Emissionen der Betonbauweise signifikant zu reduzieren. Große Unsicherheit besteht allerdings im Markt, wie ökologisch und wie nachhaltig derartige Lösungen sind. Neben der DAfStb‐THG‐Richtlinie hat der DAfStb daher vielfältige Dokumente und Hilfsmittel entwickelt, die es Planerinnen und Planern ermöglichen, „ökologische Aspekte“ sicher planbar zu machen [1, 2].
Causal Effects of Sleep Quality on Primary Headache and the Mediation via Gut Microbiota: A Mendelian Randomization Study
Authors: Zhao Huanghong , Guan Dongsheng , Ma Zhen , Yang Minghui , Dong Ning , Guo Jian 
Published: November 2024

ABSTRACTBackgroundPrevious studies have shown that sleep quality plays an essential role in primary headaches to varying degrees. However, it is unclear precisely whether gut microbiota plays a critical role in mediating changes in sleep quality and affecting primary headaches.MethodsWe utilized Mendelian randomization (MR) to examine the causal relationships between sleep quality and primary headaches. The data encompass eight sleep traits (staying asleep during periods of anxiety, trouble falling asleep, daytime dozing, sleep apnea syndrome, oversleeping, undersleeping, snoring, and sleeplessness). The primary statistical method employed was inverse variance weighting. Eventually, we explored whether gut microbiota mediate the relationship between sleep quality and primary headaches.ResultsOur study found that a genetic predisposition to poor sleep quality increases the risk of primary headaches. Two‐step MR analysis revealed that the genus Coprococcus1 mediates the causal relationship between trouble falling asleep and cluster headaches, with a mediating effect of 23.6%. These findings could inform targeted interventions and treatments for primary headaches.ConclusionThis study suggests that trouble falling asleep increases the incidence of cluster headaches mediated by gut microbiota. It highlights the crucial impact of sleep quality on primary headaches.
Optimization of Achillea millefolium‐Infused Chitosan Nanocarriers for Antibacterial and Dye Degradation Applications
Authors: Revathi Sorimuthu , Dey Nibedita , Thomas Ashley , Issac Praveen Kumar , Shaik Mohammed Rafi , Hussain Shaik Althaf , Guru Ajay 
Published: November 2024

ABSTRACTThe demand for plant‐based nanocarriers and nanodrugs is increasing due to their versatile nature and compatibility. This research focuses on the optimization of Achillea millefolium‐infused chitosan (CS) nanocarriers for antibacterial and dye degradation applications, emphasizing the novelty of this approach. Different dilutions of A. millefolium were loaded into low‐molecular (LM)‐ and high‐molecular‐weight‐CS nanocarriers using the ionotropic gelation method. The synthesized drug‐loaded CS nanocarriers were characterized using ultraviolet (UV)–visible (Vis) spectroscopy, scanning electron microscopy, dynamic light scattering, Fourier‐Transform Infrared, and high‐performance liquid chromatography. The optimized nanocarriers were further analyzed for encapsulation efficiency (EE), antibacterial activity, and dye degradation capacity. The EE of the drug‐loaded CS nanocarriers ranged from 15% to 100%. Notably, the LM‐weight‐CS‐based nanocarriers demonstrated a significant dye degradation capacity, achieving an impressive 83% degradation rate for methylene orange (MO). Moreover, these nanoparticles (NPs) exhibited superior efficacy compared to un‐immobilized counterparts. The A. millefolium‐CS NPs also significantly enhanced the zone of inhibition against Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus, demonstrating strong antibacterial potential. These results underscore the enhanced ability of the CS NP formulation to inhibit microbial growth and effectively degrade dyes. The combination of A. millefolium and CS NPs showcases potential for innovative therapeutic applications, particularly in wastewater treatment and antimicrobial therapies. This study provides novel insights into the development of effective plant‐based nanocarriers, paving the way for future research in this field.
Artesunate alleviates radiation‐induced submandibular gland epithelial cell damage in rats by reducing inflammation and apoptosis
Authors: Wang Yuchen , Zhao Danni , Nong Xiaolin 
Published: November 2024

AbstractSalivary hypofunction is a common complication in patients with head and neck cancers following radiotherapy (RT). RT‐induced inflammation in salivary gland cells leads to apoptosis and fibrosis. Artesunate (ART) is a bioactive compound with anti‐inflammatory and anti‐fibrosis properties. This study aimed to investigate the protective effects of ART on X‐ray‐induced injury of submandibular gland (SMG) epithelial cells in rats. Second‐generation SMG epithelial cells were randomly divided into five groups: natural control group (NC), irradiated group (IR), and irradiated groups treated with ART at concentrations of 5, 10, and 20 μM. Cells were harvested 48 h postirradiation for analysis. The results demonstrated that ART attenuated the damage to AQP5, a crucial indicator of salivary gland function, as evidenced by the decreased expression of AQP5 at both mRNA and protein levels. Additionally, ART decreased the expression of inflammatory cytokines: IL‐6 and TNF‐α. TUNEL staining revealed reduced apoptosis in the ART groups, particularly the IR + 10 μM group. RT‐PCR and Western blot analysis of apoptosis cytokines Bax/Bcl‐2 and Caspase‐3 confirmed these findings. Furthermore, ART inhibited the expression of NF‐κB at both mRNA and protein levels. In conclusion, these results suggest that ART may reduce inflammation and apoptosis in SMG epithelial cells following radiation by inhibiting the NF‐κB pathway.
Drug‐Coated Balloon Treatment for LAD CTO in a Young Woman With Moyamoya Disease Guided by Intravascular Imaging
Authors: Ma Shuangliang , Chen Zhongxiu , Huang Baotao , Wang Mian 
Published: November 2024

AbstractMoyamoya disease (MMD) is a rare, progressive steno‐occlusive disease of the intracranial carotid arteries. Coronary artery disease associated with MMD has been described in several cases. Coronary artery bypass grafting and percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) with stent implantation were performed mainly for MMD patients with myocardial ischemia caused by coronary stenotic lesions. However, there have been no reports of coronary revascularization with a drug‐coated balloon in MMD patients. We present the first case report of intravascular imaging guidance of PCI with a drug‐coated balloon for a young patient with left anterior descending artery chronic total occlusion and a history of MMD. The left anterior descending artery remained patent after the 7‐month follow‐up, and there was no chest pain.
Rheumatoid arthritis and PLA2R‐associated mebranous nephropathy. Cause or coincidence?
Authors: Perea‐Ortega Lara , Muñoz‐Sánchez Ana , León‐Fradejas Myriam , Rojas Remedios Toledo , Ruiz‐Esteban Pedro , López‐Jiménez Verónica 
Published: November 2024

Key Clinical MessageThe coexistence of rheumatoid arthritis (RA) and PLA2R‐associated membranous nephropathy (MN) is uncommon. It is difficult to demonstrate whether the mechanisms of renal pathology are triggered by RA, but it has been observed that the pro‐inflammatory molecules present in RA increase the expression of PLA2R. Rituximab could be effective in both conditions.AbstractRA affects 0.5% of adults in our country. It is an inflammatory disease that predominantly affects the joints causing destruction of the articular cartilage. Approximately 50% of patients present extra‐articular manifestations. Renal involvement is relatively frequent and clinically significant because it worsens the course and mortality of the primary disease. The histological renal damage observed in these patients includes a wide variety of entities and histological patterns with both glomerular and tubulointerstitial involvement, with secondary MN being one of the most frequent. Coexistence with primary MN is rare. We present the case of a 46‐year‐old male recently diagnosed with RA who was referred to the nephrology department for renal function deterioration and subnephrotic proteinuria. The autoimmune study showed positive anti‐PLA2R. Due to the unusual association between both entities, it was decided to perform a renal biopsy which showed abundant spikes. The immunofluorescence study showed contiguous parietal IgG positivity (3+). Immunohistochemistry showed positive granular IgG4, confirming the diagnosis of PLA2R‐associated MN. MN is one of the most common causes of nephrotic syndrome in adults. The determination of anti‐PLA2R has been a great advance in the rapid differential diagnosis of MN. In recent years, new target antigens associated with certain underlying pathologies have been discovered. However, PLA2R is not associated with any disease or exposure and therefore remains the antigen responsible for 80% of primary NMs. Anti‐PLA2R antibodies can be produced by loss of central or peripheral tolerance. Whether these mechanisms are triggered by RA itself is difficult to prove. The cytokine TNF‐like weak inducer of apoptosis (TWEAK) has been associated with RA. This proinflammatory molecule increases the expression of PLA2R in podocytes, sensitizing them to the damaging action of anti‐PLA2Rs, which could justify a causal relationship between the two pathologies. The anti‐PLA2R positivity in a patient with membranous nephropathy should not be sufficient to refrain from searching for a secondary cause, as a kidney biopsy is mandatory when another underlying disease coexists. Treatment should be tailored to the individual risk profile for progression. Rituximab could be an optimal option for both entities.
Interposition of the Fracture Fragment of a Vitamin E‐Blended, Highly Crosslinked Polyethylene Liner After Total Hip Arthroplasty: A Case Report
Authors: Tanino Hiromasa , Mitsutake Ryo , Ito Hiroshi 
Published: November 2024

ABSTRACTThis is the first case report of a vitamin E‐blended polyethylene liner fracture after total hip arthroplasty. Our case highlights the importance of considering a vitamin E‐blended polyethylene liner fracture, the interposition of fracture fragments between the articulating surfaces after dislocation and blocked successful reduction.
Unraveling Heart Inflammation: Recurrent Myopericarditis Caused by Coxsackie A Virus—A Case Report
Authors: Maliha Maisha , Satish Vikyath , Chi Kuan Yu , Shama Nishat , Halder Sananda , Oishy Sumaiya Monjur , Kharawala Amrin , Varrias Dimitrios , Fallaice Robert T. 
Published: November 2024

ABSTRACTAcute recurrent myopericarditis, characterized by the occurrence of a new myopericarditis event following a symptom‐free interval of 4–6 weeks, is relatively rare lacking definitive guidelines for management. Understanding its prevalence, causes, and optimal management is challenging due to limited data and insufficient guidelines. This case outlines the diagnostic work‐up and different management modalities for recurrent myopericarditis. A 44‐year‐old African American man with a past medical history of myopericarditis a year ago presented with fever and chest pain for 4 days. The patient was found to have elevated troponin, CRP, and ESR; pericardial effusion along with a Coxsackie A virus titer of 1:800, suggestive of Coxsackie A virus–induced recurrent myopericarditis. The patient responded well to colchicine and a tapering dose of ibuprofen, achieving significant resolution in the pericardial effusion. Recurrent myopericarditis caused by Coxsackie A virus is a relatively rare phenomenon. New onset myopericarditis can be caused by various factors such as infections, autoimmune disorders, neoplasms, metabolic issues, trauma, and drugs, with recurrence rates of 15%–50% in pericarditis patients. Coxsackie A virus is an important and rare etiology of recurrent myopericarditis due to its unique immune evasive traits. The treatment modalities guided by definitive guidelines for recurrent pericarditis can be applied in recurrent myopericarditis with significant resolution of symptoms. Although there are no specific guidelines for managing recurrent myopericarditis, using approaches designed for recurrent pericarditis has shown promising results, and the immune evasive nature of Coxsackie A virus underscores the need for further research to improve our understanding and treatment of this condition.
Bioalkylation Strategies to Synthesize Allylated Tetrahydroisoquinolines by Using Norcoclaurine Synthase and O‐Methyltransferases
Authors: Salinger Matthew T. , Ward John M. , Moody Thomas S. , Jeffries Jack W. E. , Hailes Helen C. 
Published: November 2024

AbstractO‐Methyltransferase (O‐MT)‐mediated alkylations are of growing interest for the regioselective modification of bioactive motifs, although there are still few examples of applications with more structurally complex compounds. In this work, we have used O‐MTs for the allylation of various catechol and tetrahydroisoquinoline substrates via a biocatalytic cascade involving additionally methionine adenosyltransferases (MATs) and a methylthioadenosine nucleosidase (MTAN). Furthermore, we have integrated norcoclaurine synthase into this cascade to stereoselectively generate (S)‐THIQs in situ as both intermediates and products in the allylation cascade. Notably, a variation in the order in which NCS and MAT‐MT‐MTAN are added can significantly affect the regioselective outcome, enabling exquisite control of both stereochemistry and regiochemistry in the products. We also identified Ureaplasma urealyticum MAT as an effective enzyme for the formation of the S‐adenosyl‐S‐allyl‐L‐homocysteine required as the cofactor for the O‐MTs and established that the racemate rather than the single isomer of S‐allyl‐homocysteine can effectively be used in the cascades with MATs.
Strain Engineering of Single‐Atom Catalysts for Electrochemical Conversion
Authors: Ni Youxuan , Lu Yong , Xie Weiwei , Chen Jun 
Published: November 2024

AbstractStrain engineering is an effective approach for modulating the activity of single‐atom catalysts, yet the underlying mechanisms are not fully understood. This review focuses on the strain effects on single‐atom catalysts, detailing the geometric structure distortion and electronic structure changes of the active sites with different strains. It also discusses the mechanisms behind the modulation of electrocatalytic activity for single‐atom catalysts.
Is it quality writing instruction? A critical examination of centralised curriculum materials from the NSW English curriculum reform
Authors: Brosseuk Deb , Poulton Phillip 
Published: November 2024

AbstractThe curriculum reform in New South Wales (NSW), Australia, focuses on implementing high‐quality, evidence‐based instruction, particularly explicit teaching and the gradual release of responsibility. This paper examines the ‘quality’ of writing instruction in the new curriculum materials for Kindergarten to Year 6 teachers. Our document analysis of four Stage 1 Narrative units of work reveals significant gaps in implementing the Gradual Release of Responsibility model, with inconsistencies in modelled, guided and independent writing instruction. These gaps emerge through ambiguous instructional techniques, minimal use of ‘think alouds’, few opportunities for guided writing interactions, and a predominant focus on decontextualised, skill‐driven independent writing. These inconsistencies contradict established research on pedagogical approaches and the principles underpinning NSW Curriculum reform. We argue that, without critical adaptation by teachers, these materials risk reinforcing inadequate writing instruction, impacting student learning and early career teachers' pedagogical development. This study highlights broader implications for educational contexts undergoing similar reform and emphasises the need for further research on implementing these curriculum materials and their impact on teachers' writing instructional practices.
Defective Hippocampal Primary Ciliary Function and Aberrant LKB1/AMPK Signaling Pathway Are Associated With the Inhibition of Autophagic Activity in Offspring Born to Mothers of Advanced Maternal Age
Authors: Han Ziyao , Yang Xiaoyue , Gui Jianxiong , Luo Hanyu , Huang Dishu , Chen Hengsheng , Cheng Li , Yuan Ping , Jiang Li 
Published: November 2024

ABSTRACTAdvanced maternal age (AMA) negatively influences the development and cognitive functions of offspring. However, the underlying mechanism remains to be elucidated. As hippocampal autophagy and primary cilia play a crucial role in learning and memory abilities, this study aimed to investigate the effects of AMA on hippocampal autophagy and primary cilia, and to explore their relationship with the changes of LKB1/AMPK signaling pathway in offspring rats. The whole brains and hippocampus of offspring born to 12‐month‐old (AMA) and 3‐month‐old (control) Sprague–Dawley (SD) female rats were collected on post‐natal days (P) 14, 28, and 60. Transmission electron microscopy was employed to count the number of autophagosomes. The quantitative reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (qRT‐PCR) and Western blotting were used to quantify gene expression, and immunofluorescence was used to measure primary cilia. The results revealed that autophagic activity was inhibited from childhood to adulthood in the AMA group. Furthermore, in the early developmental stage, primary ciliogenesis and growth in the hippocampus in the AMA group were impaired, with astrocytes being more severely affected. In addition, the AMA group exhibited an abnormal activation of the LKB1/AMPK signaling pathway. Thus, in offspring born to mothers of AMA, impaired hippocampal primary ciliary function and aberrant activation of the LKB1/AMPK signaling pathway are associated with inhibited autophagic activity.
Topological electride Hf2Se: Enhanced hydrogen evolution reaction activity from nontrivial topological Fermi arc
Authors: Meng Weizhen , Jiang Jiayu , Wu Hongbo , Jiao Yalong , Zhang Xiaoming , Cheng Zhenxiang , Wang Xiaotian 
Published: November 2024

AbstractRecently, the emergence of topological electride catalysts has attracted significant attention in the fields of condensed matter physics, chemistry, and materials science. In this study, we found that electride Hf2Se exhibits various types of topological quantum states under the constraint of symmetric operations, particularly the Weyl point (WP) located at the K valley. The WP is closely aligned with the Fermi level and generates an extensive Fermi arc surface state on the (001) surface. In addition, electride Hf2Se exhibits a lower work function on the (001) surface. Remarkably, electride Hf2Se exhibits extremely high stability in both air and water environments. The catalytic activity of electride Hf2Se for hydrogen evolution reaction (HER) was significantly improved by utilizing its robust surface state and low work function. Therefore, we provide a new insight into the application of electrides in HER.
Tri(trimethylsilyl) phosphate as a multifunctional additive for moisture‐resistant and long‐cycling sodium‐ion batteries
Authors: Qiu Qian , Huang Longqing , Wang Shuai , Qiu Shen , Hou Wentao , Zhu Jialing , Li Haoxiang , Wu Xianyong , Xia Lan 
Published: November 2024

AbstractThe sodium hexafluorophosphate (NaPF6)/carbonate solution is considered as the benchmark electrolyte for sodium‐ion batteries (SIBs). However, this NaPF6 electrolyte undergoes hydrolysis and produces acidic compounds, which deteriorate the electrolyte quality, corrode electrodes, jeopardize electrode interphases, and eventually degrade battery performance. Herein, we introduce tris(trimethylsilyl) phosphate (TMSP) as a multifunctional additive to the carbonate electrolyte. We found that 10% TMSP could effectively remove H2O molecules and inhibit NaPF6 hydrolysis, thus improving the electrolyte stability against moisture during the long‐term storage. Furthermore, the unique structure of TMSP promotes the formation of thinner, more uniform, and inorganic‐rich interphases on the Na3V2(PO4)3 (NVP) cathode and hard carbon (HC) anode. Consequently, the NVP cathode, HC anode, and full cells demonstrate excellent cycling performance. This work suggests that tailoring the electrolyte formulation can provide multiple benefits for boosting SIB performances, such as stabilizing the electrolyte and regulating the electrolyte/electrode interphase, thereby promoting long‐term cycling in sodium‐ion batteries.