bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Stress granules formation in HEI-OC1 auditory cells and in H4 human neuroglioma cells secondary to cisplatin exposure
Authors: Abdelrasol Hebatallah , Chopra Avika , Shvachiy Liana , Beutner Dirk , Outeiro Tiago F , Setz Cristian 
Published: October 2024

Abstract
Stress granules (SGs) are highly dynamic micromolecular membraneless condensates that generate in cells subjected to stress. Formed from pools of untranslating messenger ribonucleoproteins (RNP), SGs dynamics constitute vital processes essential for cell survival. Here, we investigate whether established cytotoxic agents, such as the platinum-based chemotherapeutic agent cisplatin and the aminoglycoside antibiotic gentamicin, elicit SG formation in the House Ear Institute-Organ of Corti-1 (HEI-OC1) auditory cell line, H4 human neuroglioma cells and HEK-293T human embryonic kidney cells. Cells were treated with cisplatin or gentamicin for specific durations at designated concentrations. SG formation was assessed using immunocytochemistry and live cell imaging. Levels of essential proteins involved in SG assembly were evaluated using immunoblotting. We observed cisplatin-associated SG assembly in HEI-OC1 and H4 cells via confocal microscopy through antibody colabeling of G3BP1 with PABP or Caprin1. While maintaining an unchanged pattern of expression of main constituent SG proteins, cisplatin-related SGs in H4 cells persisted for at least 12 h after drug removal. Cells subjected to gentamicin exposure did not exhibit SGs. Our findings offer insights into subcellular mechanisms related to cisplatin-associated cytotoxicity, highlighting the need for future studies to further investigate this stress-response mechanism.
Deccan Volcanism and Related Seismic Unrest in the Koyna–Warna Region, India
Authors: Rai Shyam S. , Saha Gokul 
Published: October 2024

AbstractKoyna–Warna is a region of low-tectonic deformation and normal surface heat flow (∼40  mW/m2) in the Deccan volcanic province, India, where low-to-moderate magnitude earthquakes have continued to occur in the last 60 yr. These earthquakes are uniquely restricted to an 11×16  km2 area and confined to the upper crust between 3 and 9 km depth. Located at the last phase of the interaction of India with the Reunion mantle plume ∼65 Ma ago responsible for extensive volcanism, the cause of sustained seismicity in Koyna region is debated. Using the shear-wave velocity model derived through the joint inversion of the receiver function and surface-wave data from the seismic zone, we propose that earthquakes in the Koyna region occur due to stress concentration arising because of the high-density magma intrusions in the shallow crust at 3–9 km. The high-density mafic-ultramafic body exerts gravitationally induced stress of about ∼12 to 15 MPa. The continuation of earthquakes in the deeper part is inhibited by the possible fluid-filled mush zone imaged as a low-velocity layer at a 9–17 km depth. The magma intrusion as dike can induce a cycle of normal faulting in the overlying rock mass, as observed in the Warna region. We present the first evidence of an extremely high velocity (&gt;4.7 km/s) layer at 40–50 km below Moho, interpreted as the presence of eclogite–peridotite responsible for producing Deccan magma in large volume.
Feira de Ciências: uma experiência interdisciplinar com trabalhos investigativos no Ensino Fundamental
Authors: Pereira dos Santos Joyce , Magalhães Catta Preta de Santana Juliana , Miranda de Rezende Sandro 
Published: October 2024

As Feiras de Ciências contribuem para estimular a cognição, mas também o social e o emocional de alunos e professores envolvidos. Quando os projetos apresentados são realizados de forma interdisciplinar e sobre temas relevantes para a comunidade escolar, contribuem ainda para a criticidade e a formação política. O objetivo deste relato de experiência é compartilhar o que foi vivenciado por nós, professores do segundo segmento do Ensino Fundamental de uma escola pública em Duque de Caxias/RJ, durante o processo de planejamento e desenvolvimento que resultou na culminância de trabalhos investigativos na nossa III Feira de Ciência, Tecnologia e Cultura. O tema foi “Preconceitos: qual o seu olhar?”. Observamos que o processo teve impacto positivo na autoestima dos estudantes e na percepção da equipe da escola sobre esse segmento. Os trabalhos investigativos permitiram a vivência de etapas da produção de conhecimento científico pelos grupos, o que colabora para uma visão mais complexa das ciências. Parte dos trabalhos apresentados não atenderam a proposta de investigação, o que acreditamos ser reflexo da dificuldade de alguns docentes em orientar trabalhos desse tipo.
Analysis of Risk Factors Associated with the Incidence of Placenta Accreta at an Indonesian Tertiary Hospital
Authors: Aisha Grayli Cahyani  , Willy Sandhika  , Gatut Hardianto  
Published: October 2024

Highlights:1. The increased incidence of placenta accreta is contributed significantly by parity classification, a history of cesarean section, body mass index, and interbirth interval.2. The findings of this study can be used as an additional reference in determining the risk of placenta accreta in pregnant women, specifically as an input in screening and antenatal care programs for pregnant women to provide early detection and appropriate management.

Abstract
The incidence of placenta accreta during pregnancy constitutes a serious problem in reproductive health. This complication has increased significantly over the last few decades, especially in developed countries where cesarean deliveries have also risen. Placenta accreta spectrum can cause very severe bleeding and potentially lead to other serious complications. The purpose of this study was to analyze the risk factors associated with the incidence of placenta accreta in women giving birth at Dr. Soetomo General Academic Hospital, Surabaya, Indonesia. This quantitative study used an analytical observational research design, specifically the case-control approach. The study sample was all mothers who gave birth at Dr. Soetomo General Academic Hospital, Surabaya, Indonesia, between 2019 and 2023. In addition to a univariate analysis, the data were subjected to bivariate analysis using a two-sample independent t-test or Mann-Whitney test for ordinal data and for nominal data using the Chi-square test as well as multivariate analysis using logistic regression (p<0.05). The results showed that parity, a history of cesarean section, body mass index, and interbirth interval were the variables identified as significantly associated with placenta accreta. According to the logistic regression analysis, parity, a history of cesarean section, and a history of curettage were identified as the primary determinants of placenta accreta incidence. The classification of parity was found to have the most significant relationship to the incidence of placenta accreta. This study concluded that parity classification, a history of cesarean section, body mass index, and interbirth interval are the significant risk factors contributing to the increased incidence of placenta accreta at Dr. Soetomo General Academic Hospital, Surabaya, Indonesia.
Technical Challenges and Morbidity Associated With Removal of an IlluminOss Implant From a Humeral Shaft
Authors: Huynh Tony , Dehghan Niloofar 
Published: October 2024

Case:
A 77-year-old man experienced acute failure of fixation of his humeral shaft fracture after fixation with IlluminOss photodynamic system stabilization (Photodynamic Bone Stabilization System [PBSS]). Owing to the well-fixed IlluminOss PBSS implant to the humeral intramedullary canal, complete removal was deemed not indicated. Partial implant removal and revision open reduction internal fixation with a proximal humerus plate was performed. However, this was complicated by recalcitrant deep hardware infection that failed multiple surgical debridements, requiring eventual humeral osteotomy to remove the remainder of the infected IlluminOss PBSS implant.

Conclusion:
This is one of the first articles highlighting the technical challenges and morbidity associated with removal of an IlluminOss PBSS.
Heterogeneous 2D Memristor Array and Silicon Selector for Compute-in-Memory Hardware in Convolution Neural Networks
Authors: Ang Kah-Wee , Li Sifan , Jain Samarth , Zheng Haofei , Li Lingqi , Fong Xuanyao 
Published: October 2024

Abstract

Memristor crossbar arrays (CBAs) based on two-dimensional (2D) materials have emerged as a potential solution to overcome the limitations of energy consumption and latency associated with the conventional von Neumann architecture. However, current 2D memristor CBAs encounter specific challenges such as limited array size, high sneak path current, and lack of integration with peripheral circuits for hardware compute-in-memory (CIM) systems. In this work, we demonstrate a novel hardware CIM system that leverages the heterogeneous integration of scalable 2D hafnium diselenide (HfSe2) memristors and silicon (Si) selectors, as well as the integration between memristive CBAs and peripheral control-sensing circuits. The integrated 32 × 32 one-selector-one-memristor (1S1R) array effectively mitigates sneak current, exhibiting a high yield (89%) with notable uniformity. The integrated CBA demonstrates exceptional improvement of energy efficiency and response time comparable to state-of-the-art 2D materials-based memristors. To take advantage of low latency devices for achieving low energy systems, time-domain sensing circuits with the CBA are used, of which the power consumption surpasses that of analog-to-digital converters (ADCs) by 2.5 folds. Moreover, the implemented full-hardware binary convolution neural network (CNN) achieves remarkable accuracy (97.5%) in a pattern recognition task. Additionally, analog computing and in-built activation functions are demonstrated within the system, further augmenting energy efficiency. This silicon-compatible heterogeneous integration approach, along with the energy-efficient CIM system, presents a promising hardware solution for artificial intelligence (AI) applications.
A Transfer Learning Approach to Classify InsectDiversity Based on Explainable AI
Authors: Hasan Md Mahmudul , Shaqib SM , Akter Sharmin , Alo Alaya Parvin , Khushbu Sharun Akter , Tuhin Ohidujjaman 
Published: October 2024

Abstract

This paper suggests an approach to insect identification using transfer learning combined with an explainable artificial intelligence (XAI) technique. Thisstudy represents the importance of incorporating XAI to ensure the reliabilityand trustworthiness of automated insect identification systems. The proposedresearch influences the expanding body of knowledge on advanced AI techniquesfor biological classification, paving the way for future innovations in entomology, agriculture, and ecological monitoring. Transparency and interoperabilitymade possible by the integration of XAI enable a thorough comprehension ofthe decision-making process underlying the model’s predictions. The gradient-weighted class activation mapping, or Grad-CAM, approach is what we employ. Establishing transparency is crucial in fostering confidence in automated systemsand guaranteeing their pragmatic implementation in real-life situations. We proposed the ResNet152v2 model achieving a classification accuracy of 96% on acomprehensive dataset of 4,509 insect images, spanning 9 distinct classes. Thisapproach boosts model performance and reduces the dependency on extensivelabeled datasets.
An easily-prepared superhydrophobic paper promoted by dodecanethiol and its oil-water separation mechanism
Authors: Zhao Hexin , Li Zhenpeng , Meng Yao , Cheng Haoran , Zhang Xingrong 
Published: October 2024

Abstract

With the serious water contamination by frequent oil spill accidents and industrial wastewater emissions, superhydrophobic materials for oil-water separation have attracted considerable attention. In this study, an easily-prepared superhydrophobic paper was provided by using the dip-coating method, which involved depositing dopamine, copper sulfate, and dodecanethiol layer by layer on the surface of the paper to form a dense superhydrophobic surface. The prepared modified paper surface possessed excellent superhydrophobicity with a water contact angle (WCA) of 162° and an oil-water separation efficiency of more than 99% could be reached. After 40 cycles of oil-water separation, the separation efficiency and the water contact angle were still kept more than 95% and 150°, respectively. Additionally, the prepared superhydrophobic paper exhibited good self-cleaning properties and was highly resistant to acid, alkali, salt, and organic solutions. As a result, this study provided a new simple method to prepare functional superhydrophobic materials for oil-water separation.
Greater trophic diversity of soil animal communities under land use and warmer climate
Authors: Zhou Zheng , Eisenhauer Nico , Barnes Andrew , Pollierer Melanie , Jochum Malte , Grass Ingo , Brose Ulrich , Hyodo Fujio , Scheunemann Nicole , Schmidt Olaf , Huang Yuanyuan , Klarner Bernhard , Goncharov Anton , Krause Alena , Korobushkin Daniil , Gorbunova Anastasia , Lyubechanskii Ilya , Tsurikov Sergey , Seeber Julia , Steinwandter Michael , Zryanin Vladimir , Rozanova Oksana , Susanti Winda , Crotty Felicity , Prameswari Di , Li Zhipeng , Melody Carol , Tiunov Alexei , Scheu Stefan , Potapov Anton 
Published: October 2024

Abstract

More than half of all life on Earth lives belowground and regulates a wide range of ecosystem functions via their diverse trophic interactions. However, information on how trophic diversity of soil animals varies across functional groups and major environmental gradients is lacking. Here, we use stable isotope analysis (13C/12C and 15N/14N ratios) of 28 high-rank taxa of soil animals from 343 sites across 15 countries to inspect the variability in trophic diversity across climate regions and land-use types. We found that trophic diversity of soil-animals communities is higher for microbial than for detritus feeders and predators, and increases in agricultural ecosystems compared to woodlands (+38%) and in tropical compared to temperate climates (+53%). The larger trophic diversity was related to both exploration of more diverse basal resources and longer trophic chains, possibly because of greater niche partitioning in resource-limited environments. Overall, this first comprehensive assessment of soil animal trophic diversity highlights that soil animals may broaden their trophic niches under global change, which potentially buffers global-change impacts on ecosystem functions and stability in the short term, while the increased flexibility in foraging may pose risks with long-term biodiversity and ecosystem health implications.
Observational Study of the Effect of ESFT Approach on Cross-Culture Competency Teaching for Young PGY Physicians
Authors: Chen Chih-Hung , Chen Te-Chuan , Lin Chi-Wei , Lin Yu-Chih , Cheng Ya-Hui , Pi-Chi Han , Chen Wei-Chuan 
Published: October 2024

Abstract

Background
The increasing multicultural demands in healthcare, driven by globalization and the growing population of new immigrants, have highlighted the need for improved cross-cultural competence among medical professionals. This study aims to investigate the impact of a cross-cultural competence course, based on the ESFT (Explanation, Social and Environmental Factors, Fears and Concerns, Therapeutic Contracting) model, on young physicians' cultural sensitivity and related competencies within Taiwan’s healthcare system.
Methods
Forty young PGY physicians enrolled in this study and ESFT teaching model was implemented. By using a mixed-methods approach, which combines both quantitative and qualitative surveys allows for a comprehensive evaluation of the course's effectiveness.
Results
It showed that significant improvements in cultural sensitivity, multicultural perceptions, multicultural competencies, and cultural care competence, particularly among male physicians and those with over two years of clinical experience. However, female participants and those with less clinical experience did not demonstrate significant improvement. The study identifies regional cultural diversity as a potential factor contributing to the observed differences in competence development. Furthermore, qualitative feedback emphasized the importance of real-life clinical scenarios in enhancing learning outcomes.
Conclusion
The study's findings underscore the need for targeted, adaptable cross-cultural education programs that account for gender and clinical experience differences. Future research should focus on long-term effects and diversified teaching strategies to optimize cross-cultural competence training in medical education. This approach could improve physician-patient communication and healthcare quality in increasingly multicultural societies.
Autonomic Stress Responses in Oral Examination Simulations: Neuroscientific Insights from Comparing Peer-Led and Lecturer-Led Approaches
Authors: Gellisch Morris , Morosan-Puopolo Gabriela , Bablok Martin , Schäfer Thorsten , Brand-Saberi Beate 
Published: October 2024

Abstract

This mixed-methods study investigated the impact of simulated oral examinations on inducing neurocardiac stress in medical students, integrating physiological measurements, quantitative assessments, and qualitative feedback. Ninety-five students participated, with heart rate variability (HRV) markers such as RMSSD, pNN50, SDNN, and LF/HF ratios used to evaluate stress responses. Both lecturer-led and peer-led simulations significantly reduced HRV markers, indicating heightened sympathetic activation and reduced parasympathetic activity. In lecturer-led simulations, RMSSD showed significant reductions (t = 8.27, p < .001; t = 9.38, p < .001), paralleled in peer-led sessions (t = 4.47, p < .001; t = 4.97, p < .001). The LF/HF ratio significantly increased in lecturer-led exams (z=-2.69, p = 0.007), while peer-led simulations exhibited a more moderate response. Students' perceived competence and confidence significantly improved post-simulation (lecturer-led: t=-8.41, p < .001; student-led: t=-5.82, p < .001), and test anxiety significantly decreased. In the follow-up assessment conducted after the actual exams at the semester's end, 94.85% of students reported that the simulations were helpful in preparing for their final exams, aiding in reducing stress and enhancing performance. These findings highlight the potential of peer-led simulations as a resource-efficient alternative for fostering student resilience and coping under exam stress, though further exploration is needed to fully understand the nuanced autonomic responses in different settings.
Unveiling challenges faced by deaf parents in engaging in parenting programs: Results from international deaf awareness week and International Day of Sign Language celebrations in Uganda
Authors: Ikwara Asher Emmanuel , Kengonzi Prossy , Isiko Isaac 
Published: October 2024

Abstract

Background
This study addressed the dearth of research on parenting programs for deaf parents, focusing on Uganda's context. With a qualitative approach during International Deaf Awareness events, it explored the challenges faced by Uganda's 1.3 million deaf population, emphasizing the need for culturally and linguistically appropriate initiatives to bridge existing gaps and support deaf parents effectively.
Methods
This qualitative study, conducted during Uganda's International Deaf Awareness events, explored challenges faced by deaf parents engaging with parenting programs. Purposively selecting participants, the research used in-depth interviews, employing thematic content analysis for data interpretation. Ethical considerations, including informed consent and confidentiality, were paramount. Reflexivity was acknowledged to address researchers' biases.
Results
The thematic content analysis of challenges faced by deaf parents in accessing parenting programs revealed significant barriers. Prominent issues included unemployment, financial constraints, societal discrimination, limited awareness of specialized programs, educational barriers, geographical inaccessibility, cultural factors, lack of sign language skills, stigma, and dissatisfaction with existing programs. These multifaceted challenges underscored the need for tailored interventions to support deaf parents and address the unique requirements of raising deaf children.
Conclusion
The study during Deaf Awareness Week in Uganda revealed global challenges for parents of deaf children, emphasizing socioeconomic, societal, and awareness-related barriers.
Dynamic risk and protective factors in mentally disordered offenders: forensic psychiatry treatment monitoring, prison release and length of stay
Authors: Weber Kerstin , Magnenat Lena , Morier Sandrine , Menu Christophe , Bertschy Philippe , Herrmann François R. , Giannakopoulos Panteleimon 
Published: October 2024

Abstract

Background
The reduction of violence risk and crime recidivism is the core marker of progress in forensic psychiatry treatment for mentally disordered offenders, and commonly used to decide prison release. While dynamic risk is expected to relate to treatment progress, static risk is expected to predict prison discharge. Integrated risk-protection assessment is thought to facilitate prediction of treatment outcome.
Methods
In a two-year prospective observational cohort study using a repeated measures design, we monitored treatment as usual induced changes in violence and protective factors, in 117 offenders of a medium-security forensic clinic in Switzerland. Mixed-effects and multinomial logistic regression models were used to predict longitudinal risk and protection evolution, length of stay, and discharge locations.
Results
Forensic psychiatry treatment was indeed associated with decrease in dynamic risk and enhanced protection, contrary to static risk. After 18–24 months of treatment, protective factors counterbalanced risk factors. For risk, both a numeric scale and a structured professional judgement approach equally showed significant improvement over time. For protection and integrated risk-protection, structured professional judgement ratings failed to show significant treatment-related change. Discharge to low-security psychiatry wards was predicted only by favorable baseline risk, protection, and integrated risk-protection, but not by their treatment-related evolution. Longer length of stay was predicted by higher baseline total risk only.
Conclusions
Study results confirm the need to distinguish dynamic from static risk in forensic psychiatric treatment monitoring, and to include integrated risk-protection measures. Treatment outcome (discharge and length) is predicted by the offenders’ baseline risk profile, but not by their treatment related risk and protection evolution. A structured professional judgment approach in risk and protection assessment leads to different longitudinal results than the use of numeric scale scores.