bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Assessing lead-contaminated drinking water in a large academic institution: a case study
Authors: Miller-Schulze Justin P. , Ishikawa Catherine , Foran Jeffery A. 
Published: July 2019

Abstract
Drinking water is an important source of lead exposure, and definitively characterizing the sources of lead in drinking water, particularly in large institutional settings, can be time-consuming and costly. This study examined lead concentrations in drinking water at a large university, focusing on variability in first-draw samples and variability with dispensed volume. Over 350 sources were sampled twice by independent groups, and while 78% of these samples were within 2.5 μg/L, almost 10% differed by &gt;10 μg/L. In both sampling events, approximately 50% of sources had lead concentrations &gt;1 μg/L, 6% were &gt;15 μg/L, and 30% were between 1 and 15 μg/L. The highest lead concentration detected was 400 μg/L, with five sources &gt;100 μg/L. Nine sources were sampled more intensively and six had first-draw sample ranges &gt;5 μg/L. Lead concentration versus dispensed volume profiles indicated that while most sources had decreasing lead concentrations after the first draw, others had maximum lead concentrations at higher dispensed volumes. The variability observed suggests that assessments using only one or two samples per source may not identify all sources with elevated lead concentrations, and management strategies should account for this possibility.
Genotyping determination of Acanthamoeba strains: an original study and a systematic review in Iran
Authors: Mirahmadi Hadi , Nia Maryam Mansouri , Ebrahimzadeh Adel , Mehravaran Ahmad , Shafiei Reza , Rahimi Mohammad Taghi , Emameh Reza Zolfaghari , Barker Harlan R. 
Published: July 2019

Abstract
This study aimed to detect the presence of Acanthamoeba spp. in different water resources of Zahedan, southeast of Iran, and also systematically reviewed all publications regarding Acanthamoeba in Iran (2005–2018). Fifty water samples were collected from different water resources in Zahedan. The positive samples were identified morphologically and subjected to polymerase chain reaction (PCR) using fragments of 18S rRNA. In the systematic review, data collection using particular terms was carried out using the following electronic databases including Science Direct, ISI Web of Science, MEDLINE, EBSCO, Scopus, and Google Scholar. A total of 17 (34%) samples were positive for Acanthamoeba spp., and nucleotide sequencing indicated that 15 samples (88.23%) belonged to the T4 genotype and the rest belonged to the T5 genotype. A total of 39 studies reported genotyping of Acanthamoeba spp. from various geographical areas of Iran and revealed that T4 (35 studies), T5 (19 studies), T3 (11 studies), T11 (8 studies), and T2 (6 studies) genotypes were the most prevalent in Iran. The T4 genotype of Acanthamoeba is a prevalent free-living amoeba and widely distributed not only in Zahedan but also in other provinces of Iran. Phylogenetic analysis reveals that A. castellanii and A. griffini predominantly colocalize with the T4 genotype.
Rainwater catchments in rural Alaska have the potential to produce high-quality water and high quantities of water for household use
Authors: Mattos Kaitlin , King Elizabeth , Lucas Cara , Snyder Elizabeth Hodges , Dotson Aaron , Linden Karl 
Published: July 2019

Abstract
Rainwater collection is a common source of household water in developed and developing communities where treated on-site water is not available. Although rainwater catchment has been practiced for generations in rural Alaska communities, there are little data available on the quality and quantity of rainwater resources. Forty-eight rainwater samples were collected from nine communities in Alaska over 2 years. Samples were tested for physical water quality parameters, metals, and bacteria. Characteristics of household catchments were recorded. Rainwater quantity in two communities was evaluated. Overall, high-quality water was observed in rain catchments, with average total organic carbon (TOC) and turbidity being lower than or equal to those values in other published rainwater studies. pH was consistently low. Over 80% of samples were below the United States limits for metals and met international microbiological water quality standards. However, variation was observed between households, communities, indoor/outdoor bacteria samples, covered/uncovered storage containers, and over time. The quantity of rainwater available for catchment could supply 17–40% of annual household water and is projected to increase in future decades according to Alaska climate models. Best practices are recommended for rural Alaska communities to maintain the naturally high quality of rainwater and take advantage of large quantities of rainwater available on-site.
Changes in the Expression Profile of VEGF-A, VEGF-B, VEGFR-1, VEGFR-2 in Different Grades of Endometrial Cancer
Authors: Dziobek Konrad , Opławski Marcin , Grabarek Beniamin Oskar , Zmarzły Nikola , Tomala Barbara , Halski Tomasz , Leśniak Ewa , Januszyk Krzysztof , Brus Ryszard , Kiełbasiński Robert , Boroń Dariusz 
Published: July 2019

Background:
VEGF-A, VEGF-B, VEGFR-1 and VEGFR-2 are important proteins involved
in the induction and development of a new blood vessel network through which the tumor is properly
nourished and oxygenated.

Objective:
The aim of the study was to evaluate changes in VEGF-A, VEGF-B, VEGFR-1 and
VEGFR-2 expression in endometrial cancer depending on its grade and to determine the VEGFR-1 to
VEGFR-2 concentration ratio.

Methods:
The study group consisted of 45 patients diagnosed with endometrial cancer (G1, 17; G2,
15; G3, 13). The control group included 15 patients. VEGF-A, VEGF-B, VEGF-R1, VEGFR-2 expression
was assessed using the immunohistochemical method. Statistical analysis was carried out using
the Statistica 12 PL program (StatSoft, Cracow, Poland). It included the one-way ANOVA and Tukey's
post-hoc test (p<0.05).

Results:
Statistically significant differences in the level of VEGF-A, VEGF-B, VEGF-R1, VEGFR-2
were observed between the majority of analyzed groups (except for VEGF-B; G3 vs. G1, p=0.997700).
The expression pattern of VEGF-A, VEGF-R1, VEGFR-2 was as follows: G3>G2>G1>C; VEGF-B:
G2> G3> G1>C. A lower concentration of VEGFR-1 than VEGFR-2 was found regardless of the cancer
grade.

Conclusion:
VEGF-A, VEGF-B, VEGF-R1, VEGFR-2 are key proteins involved in tumor angiogenesis.
The analysis of the entire panel of proteins participating in a given process is an important element
of modern diagnostics. The concentration ratio of VEGFR-1 to VEGFR-2 appears to be a determining
factor in the patients' survival prognosis.
Comparison of On-Site Versus Remote Mobile Device Support in the Framingham Heart Study Using the Health eHeart Study for Digital Follow-up: Randomized Pilot Study Set Within an Observational Study Design
Authors: Spartano Nicole L , Lin Honghuang , Sun Fangui , Lunetta Kathryn L , Trinquart Ludovic , Valentino Maureen , Manders Emily S , Pletcher Mark J , Marcus Gregory M , McManus David D , Benjamin Emelia J , Fox Caroline S , Olgin Jeffrey E , Murabito Joanne M 
Published: July 2019

Background
New electronic cohort (e-Cohort) study designs provide resource-effective methods for collecting participant data. It is unclear if implementing an e-Cohort study without direct, in-person participant contact can achieve successful participation rates.

Objective
The objective of this study was to compare 2 distinct enrollment methods for setting up mobile health (mHealth) devices and to assess the ongoing adherence to device use in an e-Cohort pilot study.

Methods
We coenrolled participants from the Framingham Heart Study (FHS) into the FHS–Health eHeart (HeH) pilot study, a digital cohort with infrastructure for collecting mHealth data. FHS participants who had an email address and smartphone were randomized to our FHS-HeH pilot study into 1 of 2 study arms: remote versus on-site support. We oversampled older adults (age ≥65 years), with a target of enrolling 20% of our sample as older adults. In the remote arm, participants received an email containing a link to enrollment website and, upon enrollment, were sent 4 smartphone-connectable sensor devices. Participants in the on-site arm were invited to visit an in-person FHS facility and were provided in-person support for enrollment and connecting the devices. Device data were tracked for at least 5 months.

Results
Compared with the individuals who declined, individuals who consented to our pilot study (on-site, n=101; remote, n=93) were more likely to be women, highly educated, and younger. In the on-site arm, the connection and initial use of devices was ≥20% higher than the remote arm (mean percent difference was 25% [95% CI 17-35] for activity monitor, 22% [95% CI 12-32] for blood pressure cuff, 20% [95% CI 10-30] for scale, and 43% [95% CI 30-55] for electrocardiogram), with device connection rates in the on-site arm of 99%, 95%, 95%, and 84%. Once connected, continued device use over the 5-month study period was similar between the study arms.

Conclusions
Our pilot study demonstrated that the deployment of mobile devices among middle-aged and older adults in the context of an on-site clinic visit was associated with higher initial rates of device use as compared with offering only remote support. Once connected, the device use was similar in both groups.
Barriers and Enablers Affecting Successful Implementation of the Electronic Health Service Sisom: Multicenter Study of Child Participation in Pediatric Care
Authors: Svedberg Petra , Arvidsson Susann , Larsson Ingrid , Carlsson Ing-Marie , Nygren Jens M 
Published: July 2019

Background
Children’s participation in health care is one of the most important components in the management of their disease. Electronic health (eHealth) services that are adapted to the needs of children have the potential for restructuring how children and professionals work together. Therefore, a digital interactive assessment and communication tool, Sisom, was developed to give children aged between 6 and 12 years a voice in their own health care. However, the implementation of eHealth services such as Sisom in daily practice in pediatric health care is rarely investigated.

Objective
The aim of this study was to explore the process of implementing Sisom for children in pediatric care in Sweden. More specifically, the study aimed to (1) evaluate whether the implementation strategy was conducted as planned, (2) understand the barriers and facilitators of the implementation strategy in pediatric care settings, (3) gain insight into how professionals work with the specific intervention, and (4) gain insight into the usefulness and effects of the intervention from the professionals’ perspectives.

Methods
A process evaluation design was used to study the implementation of Sisom at 4 pediatric care centers in Sweden. An extensive amount of qualitative and quantitative data was collected before, during, and after the intervention through self-report checklists, memos, and interviews with professionals. In total, 46 children, aged between 6 and 13 years, participated. The children used Sisom on two occasions during 6 months. When they used Sisom, a printed report formed the basis for a forthcoming dialogue between professionals, children, and their parents.

Results
To our knowledge, this is the first implementation study of an eHealth communication tool aimed at strengthening children’s participation in pediatric health care. Key factors for successful implementation were alignment of the solution with the values and goals of the organization, health care professionals’ beliefs in the usefulness and usability of the solution, and health care professionals’ willingness to change their professional roles guided by the solution.

Conclusions
The results from the study show that it is possible to restructure health care delivery toward a child-centered approach, if there is a willingness and preparedness in the organization to implement an eHealth solution with the aim of restructuring the way of working with children’s participation.
Marketing como suporte de valoração da webcomics
Authors: Lopes Arícia Juliana Carneiro , Sousa Raissa Liebmann Rodrigues de , Monarcha Hellen , Assumpção Douglas Junio Fernandes 
Published: July 2019

Este artigo apresenta uma visão do mercado webcomics e sua interação com o mercado digital. Objetiva analisar, através das novas estratégias de marketing quais as dificuldades que os criadores brasileiros de webcomics possuem para monetizar seu serviço. O método aplicado neste estudo seguiu perpassa por uma bibliográfica e descritiva conforme a metodologia de Cervo, Bervian e Silva (2007), Os resultados apontam lacunas existentes no mercado de webcomic como a ausência de conhecimento sobre marketing e a valorização, pelos seus criadores, em compreender o produto e seu impacto na rede.Palavras-chave: Marketing 4.0. Webcomic. Internet. Monetização.
INDÍCIOS DE UMA FALTA: sutilezas na ausência negra nos livros didáticos
Authors: Castro Maria Aparecida Dias , Miguel Antonieta 
Published: July 2019

Este texto busca ampliar as percepções sobre os livros didáticos para os anos iniciais do Ensino Fundamental que compõem as quatro coleções utilizadas pelo município de Caetité no período 2010/2018. Para tal empreendimento recorreu-se a uma metodologia analítica e à instrumentos estatísticos, com o intuito de mensurar disparidades e incoerências em termos de representação fenotípica dos indivíduos, do espaço dedicado à abordagem nos conteúdos da história e cultura dos povos africanos e seus descendentes e ainda traçar o perfil dos autores cujos textos estão inseridos nestas coleções. A pesquisa realizada sugere a prevalência de um racismo sutil (Nunes, 2010) e geográfico (Raffestin, 1993), (Malachias, 2006), que, sorrateiramente, mina a efetiva presença de negros tanto no corpo dos livros didáticos como em seu processo de produção.
Palavras chave: Marcadores Fenotípicos. Autores. Racismo Sutil. Racismo Geográfico.
“A homossexualidade não era uma coisa que eu estava disposto a aceitar”: narrativas de um estudante negro, gay e de classe popular
Authors: Santos Côrtes Rita De Cássia , De Souza Marcos Lopes 
Published: July 2019

O trabalho, em sua íntegra, foi realizado tendo como entrevistado um jovem que se autodenomina gay e negro, oriundo do Rio de Janeiro, de classe social baixa, estudante de uma escola pública do ensino médio regular, situada em uma periferia de um município localizado no interior da Bahia. Na tessitura que segue, enfatizamos os marcadores sociais de gênero/sexualidade e raça/etnia. Esses marcadores apresentaram-se como desconforto para o sujeito entrevistado, visto que não atendem às caracterizações e práticas determinadas pela heteronormatividade. Assim, constatamos que há um olhar hierarquizante e verticalizado envolvendo identidades outras assim como possibilidades de vivências afetivas e sexuais diferentes daquelas determinadas pelas normas sociais.
Palavras-chave: gênero; marcadores étnicos; diversidade sexual; estudante.
Sol-Jel Yöntemiyle Üretilen Alümina Alkojelin Fizikokimyasal ve Yapısal Özellikleri Üzerine Kurutma Türünün Etkisi
Authors: CANTÜRK ÖZ Dilek , KAYA Nihan 
Published: July 2019

Üstün termal ve mekanik
özellikleri sebebiyle başta uzay teknolojisi olmak üzere pek çok alanda
kullanılmakta olan alkojeller, düşük yoğunluğa ve yüksek gözenekliliğe sahip
süper yalıtkan ve çevre dostu malzemeler olarak bilinmektedir. Genel olarak inorganik tuzlar ya da metal
alkoksitlerin hidrolizi ve kondenzasyonu olarak bilinen sol-jel tekniği
kullanılarak, üç aşamada üretilmektedirler. Son aşama hazırlanan ıslak jellerin
kurutulması olup, ıslak jelin
gözenekliliği ve jel ağının korunması için en uygun kurutma tekniğinin
seçilmesi büyük önem arz etmektedir. Bu çalışmada, sol-jel yöntemiyle
sentezlenen alümina alkojellerden süperkritik şartlarda, atmosfer basıncında ve
dondurarak olmak üzere üç farklı kurutma koşullarında elde edilen gözenekli
malzemelerin fizikokimyasal ve yapısal özellikleri XRD, TGA/DSC, FT-IR ve BET
analizleri ile karakterize edilmiştir. Farklı kurutma koşullarında aerojel,
kriyojel ve ambijel ismini alan amorf yapıya sahip bu jellerin fizikokimyasal
özellikleri ve ısısal davranışlarındaki değişimler dikkate alındığında, ıslak
jellerin kurutulmasında en uygun kurutma tekniğinin ön işlem yapılmadan dondurarak
kurutma olduğu sonucuna ulaşılmıştır.
NGAL – Urinary Biomarker With Pathologic Significance in Nephrology Practice
Authors: Stăncescu Mădălina-Gabriela , Penescu Mircea 
Published: July 2019

Abstract
Renal pathology is a pluralism of acute or chronic conditions in which the main victim is the nephron. Regardless of the nature of the injury, the primary lesion will always lead - in absence of efficient treatment - to end-stage kidney disease and renal replacement therapy. Although we are in the 21st century and amazing advances have been recorded in the medical field, the diagnosis of chronic kidney disease is performed - most frequently - based on the estimation of the glomerular filtration rate, based on serum creatinine. Unfortunately the serum creatinine level increases only when > 50% of the nephrons are already irremediably destroyed. In the last 20 years, an intensive research is performed in order to discover new plasma or urinary biomarkers for an earlier diagnosis of the renal pathology. Neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin (NGAL) has a central place in this research, and its diagnostic and prognostic utility is proven particularly in acute kidney injury, but also in glomerulonephrites, diabetic nephropathy, and chronic kidney disease.
Auxospore wall structure and postsexual valve morphology in Rhabdonema minutum Kützing
Authors: Kaczmarska Irena , Ehrman James M. 
Published: July 2019

AbstractSeveral decades ago, three members of the araphid pennate genus Rhabdonema (R. adriaticum, R. arcuatum, R. minutum) were the first araphid diatoms studied using cultures and electron microscopical methods to determine auxospore structure and development. Of these, R. minutum was the least documented at that time. None have been reinvestigated until now. Here we present the structural elements of the mature auxospore and the initial and postsexual valve characteristics of R. minutum. Although in general the auxospore wall of this diatom is similar to that of the two other species examined (to the extent that they were documented), there are intriguing differences. Most unanticipated is the structure of the primary band of the longitudinal perizonium, which shows remarkable similarities to the raphid pennate diatom valve. The evolutionary implications of such a similarity are considered.
About an Honorary Citizen and Happy Mother: The Evolution of the Image of Soviet Woman in the 1930s
Authors: Bolotova Elena V. 
Published: July 2019

The images constructed in the Soviet period occupy a special place in contemporary Russian culture. Our culture retains links with them whether they continue to exist or attempts are made to deny or overcome them. The article is devoted to the formation of the concept of “Soviet man”, which is often interpreted in a generalized sense in modern Humanities. The novelty of the research is that it focuses on the ima­ge of “Soviet woman”, a gender stereotype introduced by all power of propaganda machine. The work recorded the enrichment of the “working woman” ima­ge with new meanings of “socially active mother”, which appeared in the 1930s. According to the author, this change of the power discourse is based on the implementation of the “social motherhood” project. As a result, the constructed image of the woman “libera­ted from domestic slavery and working socially active mother” became a model and broadcasted by propaganda during the next two decades. In fact, “liberation and equality” declared in the 1920s turned into excuse of the double burden. Remaining a shock worker and social acti­vist, she should comply with ideal of a healthy mother with a healthy child. This is how the ideal Soviet woman appeared, who does everything and is able to do everything, achieves everything herself and actively realizes the opportunities provided by the Soviet power.The sources of the study were articles, letters, reports and illustrations published in 1930—1935 in the magazine “Rabotnitsa”, issued by the Central Committee of the All-Union Communist Party of the Bolsheviks. The author chose this magazine because it had a targeted gender audience, a considerable circulation (about 350,000 copies) and was published three times a month.
THE APPLICATION OF BIOCARD TO IMPROVE STUDENTS’ MOTIVATION IN LEARNING ON THE TOPIC OF TAXONOMY FOR JUNIOR HIGH SCHOOL STUDENTS
Authors: Nursapikka Endi , Yokhebed Yokhebed 
Published: July 2019

The aim of this research is to improve students’ learning motivation in their learning process by using biocard media on the topic of taxonomy at Junior High School 10 Pontianak. This is a classroom action research for the seventh grade students in which 10 male students and 20 female students participated. This research was carried out in 2 cycles, the first and second cycle research instruments were questionnaires, each consisted of 20 statements. Based on the results of the first cycle research, students' learning motivation which included in the low category was 6.67%, while the high category was 73.33% and 20% was very high. In cycle 2 there is an increase in students’ learning motivation that there are no students (0%) who are categorized as low, 10% are in the high category and 90% are categorized very high. It can be concluded that by using biocard media, it can increase students' learning motivation in the taxonomy material.
IDENTIFICATION OF HAZARDOUS CHEMICAL AND MICROBES CONTAMINATION IN FOODS OF STREET VENDORS AROUND IAIN SYEKH NURJATI CIREBON
Authors: Azhari Azmi , Nurjannah Laita 
Published: July 2019

This study aimed at identifying chemical and microorganism contamination in foods of street vendors around Institut Agama Islam (IAIN) Syekh Nurjati Cirebon. The samples are meatball, cilok, grilled fish cake, nuggets, rolade, sauce, crackers, and iced water drinks. The sample tests are formalin test, borax test, Rodhamine B test, Methanyl Yellow test, and Coliform & Escherichia coli MPN test. The results showed that some food samples like meatball, cilok, grilled fish cake, nuggets,and rolade were positive of formalin & borax contaminated. The iced water drinks are contaminated by Coliform & E. coli. The other samples like sauce and crackers were negative of Rhodamine B & Methanyl Yellow contaminated. In conclusion, according to this study, the foods of street vendors at IAIN Cirebon are not yet safe to be consumed.