bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The role of collagenase ointment in acute burns: a systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Pham Christopher H , Collier Zachary J , Fang Mike , Howell Anna , Gillenwater Timothy J 
Published: February 2019

Objective: A systematic review and meta-analysis was performed to summarise the state of the literature in regard to the efficacy and uses of clostridial collagenase ointment (CCO) in the burn patient. Method: A systematic review of articles available on PubMed, Scopus and OvidSP Medline was performed. Keywords used in the search process included burns, thermal injury, collagenase, enzymatic debridement, wound care. Reviews, case reports, independent abstracts, consensus and opinion papers were excluded. A meta-analysis was performed for articles fitting inclusion criteria. Results: Following screening, six relevant articles were identified for systematic review. Few studies, with limited sample sizes, argue that CCO may be an effective debriding agent. It may also accelerate wound healing and avoid the pain associated with mechanical debridement. CCO lacks antimicrobial activity but the risk of burn wound infection does not appear to be significantly different than when using silver-impregnated products. CCO is more expensive than traditional wound care products but may help halt burn depth conversion and prevent the need for surgery. Conclusion: CCO may be a safe and effective debridement agent for burn wounds with respect to decreasing wound healing time and minimising pain without increasing the risk of infection. It should be used on a case-by-case basis due to its financial cost, which may be offset by its ability to manage burns non-operatively.
Conservation in ongoing analogical change: The measurement and effect(s) oftokenfrequency
Authors: Krause-Lerche Anne 
Published: February 2019

AbstractIn a number of studies of analogical levelling, it has been found that the conservation of irregular formation patterns is typically correlated with the token frequency of the members of a changing class. Interestingly, although it was suggested decades ago that this “conserving effect” of high token frequency may also affect ongoing analogical change, only one case of a change-in-progress in morphology has been investigated so far. Moreover, instead of scrutinizing the concept of frequency, previous research has largely taken the importance of lemma token frequency for granted. The present contribution analyses a case of ongoing analogical levelling in the formation of the imperative singular of German strong verbs with e/i-gradation. A corpus-based study is used to test whether the phenomenon is rightly classified as ongoing change and whether and which frequency variables can explain the trajectory of this change. Evidence is presented that justifies the assumption of a conserving effect of token frequency in ongoing morphological change; however, the study stresses the importance of reconsidering the concept of frequency for different languages and different phenomena of change because even measures likelemma token frequencyare not as indisputable as they seem.
A generalized Walsh system for arbitrary matrices
Authors: Harding Steven N. , Picioroaga Gabriel 
Published: February 2019

Abstract
In this paper we study in detail a variation of the orthonormal bases (ONB) of L2[0, 1] introduced in [Dutkay D. E., Picioroaga G., Song M. S., Orthonormal bases generated by Cuntz algebras, J. Math. Anal. Appl., 2014, 409(2), 1128-1139] by means of representations of the Cuntz algebra ON on L2[0, 1]. For N = 2 one obtains the classic Walsh system which serves as a discrete analog of the Fourier system. We prove that the generalized Walsh system does not always display periodicity, or invertibility, with respect to function multiplication. After characterizing these two properties we also show that the transform implementing the generalized Walsh system is continuous with respect to filter variation. We consider such transforms in the case when the orthogonality conditions in Cuntz relations are removed. We show that these transforms which still recover information (due to remaining parts of the Cuntz relations) are suitable to use for signal compression, similar to the discrete wavelet transform.
Analytic functions in the unit ball of bounded L-index in joint variables and of bounded 𝐿-index in direction: a connection between these classes
Authors: Bandura Andriy , Skaskiv Oleh 
Published: February 2019

Abstract
We give negative answer to the question of Bordulyak and Sheremeta for more general classes of entire functions than in the original formulation: Does index boundedness in joint variables for an entire function F imply index boundedness in the variable zj for the function F? This question is addressed for entire functions of bounded L-index in joint variables and entire functions of bounded L-index in direction. We also present a class of analytic functions in the unit ball which has bounded L-index in joint variables and has unbounded l-index in the variables z1 and z2 for any positive continuous function l : B2 → C.
Pediatric faculty knowledge and comfort discussing diagnostic errors: a pilot survey to understand barriers to an educational program
Authors: Grubenhoff Joseph A. , Ziniel Sonja I. , Bajaj Lalit , Hyman Daniel 
Published: February 2019

Abstract

Background

Improving Diagnosis in Healthcare calls for improved training in diagnostic reasoning and establishing non-judgmental forums to learn from diagnostic errors arising from heuristic-driven reasoning. Little is known about pediatric providers’ familiarity with heuristics or the culture surrounding forums where diagnostic errors are discussed. This study aimed to describe pediatric providers’ familiarity with common heuristics and perceptions surrounding public discussions of diagnostic errors.

Methods
We surveyed pediatric providers at a university-affiliated children’s hospital. The survey asked participants to identify common heuristics used during clinical reasoning (five definitions; four exemplar clinical vignettes). Participants answered questions regarding comfort publicly discussing their own diagnostic errors and barriers to sharing them.

Results
Seventy (30.6% response rate) faculty completed the survey. The mean number of correctly selected heuristics was 1.60/5 [standard deviation (SD)=1.13] and 1.01/4 (SD=1.06) for the definitions and vignettes, respectively. A low but significant correlation existed between correctly identifying a definition and selecting the correct heuristic in vignettes (Spearman’s ρ=0.27, p=0.02). Clinicians were significantly less likely to be “pretty” or “very” comfortable discussing diagnostic errors in public vs. private conversations (28.3% vs. 74.3%, p<0.01). The most frequently cited barriers to discussing errors were loss of reputation (62.9%) and fear of knowledge-base (58.6%) or decision-making (57.1%) being judged.

Conclusions
Pediatric providers demonstrated limited familiarity with common heuristics leading to diagnostic error. Greater years in practice is associated with more comfort discussing diagnostic errors, but negative peer and personal perceptions of diagnostic performance are common barriers to discussing errors publicly.
Optimal Control of a Dispatchable Energy Source for Wind Energy Management
Authors: D’Amico Guglielmo , Petroni Filippo , Sobolewski Robert Adam 
Published: February 2019

Abstract
The major drawback of wind energy relies in its variability in time, which necessitates specific strategies to be settled. One such strategy can be the coordination of wind power production with a co-located power generation of dispatchable energy source (DES), e.g., thermal power station, combined heat and power plant, gas turbine or compressed air energy storage. In this paper, we consider an energy producer that generates power by means of a wind park and of a DES and sells the produced energy to an isolated grid. We determine the optimal quantity of energy produced by a DES, given the unit cost of this energy, that a power producer should buy and use to hedge against the risk inherent in the production of energy through wind turbines. We determine the optimal quantity by solving a static optimization problem taking into account the possible dependence between the amount of energy produced by wind turbines and electricity prices by using a copula function. Several particular cases are studied that allow the determination of the optimal solution in an analytical closed form. Finally, a numerical example concerning a real 48 MW wind farm located in Poland and Polish Power Exchange shows the possibility of implementing the model in real-life problems.
Solvability of interior transmission problem for the diffusion equation by constructing its Green function
Authors: Nakamura Gen , Wang Haibing 
Published: February 2019

Abstract
Consider the interior transmission problem arising in inverse boundary value problems for the diffusion equation with discontinuous diffusion coefficients.
We prove the unique solvability of the interior transmission problem by constructing its Green function.
First, we construct a local parametrix for the interior transmission problem near the boundary in the Laplace domain, by using the theory of pseudo-differential operators with a large parameter.
Second, by carefully analyzing the analyticity of the local parametrix in the Laplace domain and estimating it there, a local parametrix for the original parabolic interior transmission problem is obtained via the inverse Laplace transform.
Finally, using a partition of unity, we patch all the local parametrices and the fundamental solution of the diffusion equation to generate a global parametrix for the parabolic interior transmission problem and then compensate it to get the Green function by the Levi method.
The uniqueness of the Green function is justified by using the duality argument, and then the unique solvability of the interior transmission problem is concluded.
We would like to emphasize that the Green function for the parabolic interior transmission problem is constructed for the first time in this paper.
It can be applied for active thermography and diffuse optical tomography modeled by diffusion equations to identify an unknown inclusion and its physical property.
Mackenzie River Peregrine Falcon Surveys 1966–2018
Authors: Hodson Keith 
Published: February 2019

Abstract
The author with assistants monitored the breeding distribution of Peregrine Falcons (Falco peregrinus) along the length of the Mackenzie River, Northwest Territories, Canada from 1966 to 2018. This river traverses a thousand miles (1600 km) of the western Canadian Arctic from Great Slave Lake to the Beaufort Sea and roughly parallels the eastern slope of the Mackenzie Mountain cordillera between latitudes 61 degrees N and 68 degrees N.
All potential nest sites have been checked on each survey and counts of nest sites occupied (at least one bird seen) decreased from the count of 12 sites in 1966 to the lowest count of 7 in 1972. In 1990 the count was 37 and up to 2018 the highest count was 75 in 2010.
A count of nest sites successfully producing young was variable with a low of 5 in 1972 to a high of 58 in 2011. Production of young averaged 2.43/successful site from 1990 until 2018 (excluding 2012). Production of young averaged 1.4/occupied site over this period. Recent increases in availability of passerine prey because of widespread fires in the last decades are felt to be the latest phenomena affecting these birds (pers.obs.) Prey utilized by Peregrines was studied over a period of four years and passerines composed 20% of their diet. Two species Lesser Scaup (Athya affinis) and Lesser Yellowlegs (Tringa flavipes) formed 25% of their diet.
Raptors are still affected by environmental pollutants: Greenlandic Peregrines will not have normal eggshell thickness until 2034
Authors: Falk Knud , Møller Søren , Rigét Frank F. , Sørensen Peter B. , Vorkamp Katrin 
Published: February 2019

Abstract
The DDT-induced effects, eggshell thinning and breeding failure in Peregrine Falcon (Falco peregrinus) populations were reverted with restrictions on the use of the compound from the 1970s, and in most studied populations, the eggshell thickness is back to normal. In Greenland, a previous study of eggshell thinning in Peregrines found that shells had not yet reached pre-DDT levels. In this study, we extend the time series and reinterpret shell thinning data for 196 clutches covering a 45-year time span (1972–2017). There was a significant (P<0.001) increase in the eggshell thickness of 0.23% per year. This corresponds to a change in eggshell thinning from 14.5% to 5.4% in 2017 compared to the pre-DDT mean. With the current rate of change, pre-DDT shell thickness is predicted to be reached around the year 2034. However, a few clutches are still below the critical limit. The relatively slower recovery of the shell thickness in the Greenland population is likely indicative of the slower phasing out of DDT in the Greenlandic Peregrines’ wintering grounds in Latin America. The shell thinning in the Greenlandic population probably never crossed the 17% threshold associated with population declines, contrary to the populations in many other parts of the world.
Stimulus-Driven Brain Rhythms within the Alpha Band: The Attentional-Modulation Conundrum
Authors: Keitel Christian , Keitel Anne , Benwell Christopher S.Y. , Daube Christoph , Thut Gregor , Gross Joachim 
Published: February 2019

Two largely independent research lines use rhythmic sensory stimulation to study visual processing. Despite the use of strikingly similar experimental paradigms, they differ crucially in their notion of the stimulus-driven periodic brain responses: one regards them mostly as synchronized (entrained) intrinsic brain rhythms; the other assumes they are predominantly evoked responses [classically termed steady-state responses (SSRs)] that add to the ongoing brain activity. This conceptual difference can produce contradictory predictions about, and interpretations of, experimental outcomes. The effect of spatial attention on brain rhythms in the alpha band (8–13 Hz) is one such instance: alpha-range SSRs have typically been found to increase in power when participants focus their spatial attention on laterally presented stimuli, in line with a gain control of the visual evoked response. In nearly identical experiments, retinotopic decreases in entrained alpha-band power have been reported, in line with the inhibitory function of intrinsic alpha. Here we reconcile these contradictory findings by showing that they result from a small but far-reaching difference between two common approaches to EEG spectral decomposition. In a new analysis of previously published human EEG data, recorded during bilateral rhythmic visual stimulation, we find the typical SSR gain effect when emphasizing stimulus-locked neural activity and the typical retinotopic alpha suppression when focusing on ongoing rhythms. These opposite but parallel effects suggest that spatial attention may bias the neural processing of dynamic visual stimulation via two complementary neural mechanisms.SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENTAttending to a visual stimulus strengthens its representation in visual cortex and leads to a retinotopic suppression of spontaneous alpha rhythms. To further investigate this process, researchers often attempt to phase lock, or entrain, alpha through rhythmic visual stimulation under the assumption that this entrained alpha retains the characteristics of spontaneous alpha. Instead, we show that the part of the brain response that is phase locked to the visual stimulation increased with attention (as do steady-state evoked potentials), while the typical suppression was only present in non-stimulus-locked alpha activity. The opposite signs of these effects suggest that attentional modulation of dynamic visual stimulation relies on two parallel cortical mechanisms—retinotopic alpha suppression and increased temporal tracking.
Beneficial properties of black radish root (Raphanus sativus L. Var. niger) squeezed juice in hyperlipidemic rats: Biochemical and chemiluminescence measurements
Authors: Kocsis I. , Lugasi A. , Hagymási K. , Kéry Á. , Fehér J. , Szõke É. , Blázovics A. 
Published: February 2019

In in vitro studies it was detected that the juice from the choleretic black radish root had hydrogen donating and d-field element-chelating abilities. The juice exhibited strong reducing power property and radical scavenging effect in H2O2/∙OH luminol system.
With the help of short term animal experiment we examined the in vivo effect of Raphanus sativus root juice on hyperlipidemia in rats.
A chemiluminescent study was applied to determine the total scavenger activity (TSC) of erythrocytes and plasma of untreated and treated animals. We also determined the different liver enzyme activities: alanine aminotransferase (ALT), aspartate aminotransferase (AST), alkaline phosphatase (ALP) and metabolite concentrations (cholesterol, triacylglycerols, total bilirubin, glucose) by spectrophotometry in the sera.
In our study, using experimental hyperlipidemic condition, it has been detected that black radish root juice could moderate the injurious effect of lipid rich diet in rats in vivo.
Perhitungan Stage Mixer Settler untuk Pemurnian Torium (Th) dari Pelarutan Monasit
Authors: Nuri Hafni Lissa , Prayitno Prayitno , Jami Abdul 
Published: February 2019

ABSTRAK Monasit (Ce, La, Nd, Th,)PO4 dengan kandungan torium (Th) antara 3-4% cukup signifikan untuk diproses menghasilkan Th. Pengolahan awal dilakukan dengan pelindian monasit menggunakan reagen basa karbonat (Na2CO3) untuk mengambil uraniumnya. Sisa tailing dilarutkan dengan asam sulfat untuk menghasilkan larutan Th(SO4)2 yang kemudian dimurnikan dari unsur-unsur pengotornya. Pengolahan dilakukan secara kontinyu menggunakan mixer settler dengan tahapan proses meliputi proses ekstraksi Th, stripping Th dan regenerasi pelarut organik. Ekstraksi Th menggunakan pelarut organik Primene JM-T (RNH2) yang merupakan campuran dari 0,15M Primene JM; 5% Tridecanol; dan 95% Kerosin. Sementara itu, proses stripping Th menggunakan larutan 2M HCl. Untuk efisiensi maka regenerasi pelarut organik menggunakan 1% H2SO4. Untuk mendapatkan recovery dan kemurnian yang tinggi dari Th, penghitungan jumlah stage mixer settler diperlukan dengan menggunakan metode McCabe Thiele. Dari hasil perhitungan diperoleh jumlah stage dalam proses ekstraksi Th adalah 3, proses stripping Th adalah 3 dan regenerasi pelarut organik adalah 2. Recovery total Th sebesar 84,90% diperoleh dengan kemurnian produk mencapai 99,02%. ABSTRACT Monazite (Ce, La, Nd, Th)PO4 with thorium (Th) content between 3-4 % is significant enough to be processed to produce Th. The initial treatments conducted by using carbonate base reagents (Na2CO3) for monazite leaching to fetch the uranium. The remaining tailings were dissolved with sulfuric acid to produce Th(SO4)2 solution which is then purified from its impurities. The processing is carried out continuously using a mixer settler with the process steps include Th extraction, Th stripping, and organic solvents regeneration. Thorium extraction uses a primene JM-T (RNH2) organic solvent which is a mixture of 0.15M Primene JM; 5% Tridecanol and 95% Kerosine. Meanwhile, the Th stripping process uses 2M HCl solution. For efficiency, regeneration of organic solvents uses 1% H2SO4. To obtain a high recovery and purity from Th, it is necessary to calculate the number of stage mixer settlers using the McCabe Thiele method. Based on the calculation, the number of stage for extraction process, Th stripping, and organic solvents regeneration are 3, 3, and 2 respectively. The total recovery of Th is obtained at 84.90 % where product purity reaches 99.02 %.
Changes in the Use of Technology for Language Instruction at the University of Chicago, 2000-2007
Authors: Yang Kyung-Hwa Kay 
Published: February 2019

This report is based on my own experience, which i gained through assisting foreign language instruction and linguistics research at the University of Chicago. Over the past few years, technology has become increasingly integrated in language instruction and changed not only the content but also the teaching paradigm. Instructors approach technology quite differently from the past and students are more actively involved in their learning process. Although it is open to dispute whether my observations correlate to general changes in the field of instructional technology, this script, however, may provide a vivid description of a recent situation in this field and suggest a future direction of the working ground.
For over eight years my career has been dedicated to the uses of technology in higher education. I began my career as an intern in the Advanced Multimedia Production Studio at Northwestern University, Illinois in 1999, and since 2000 have served as a manager and multimedia specialist in the Center for the Study of Languages at the University of Chicago (U of C). Over my period at the U of C, my daily tasks have changed although the crucial role of my position has not. I did and still do define the basis of my job as providing instructors with technology assistance for more effective teaching. Meanwhile, a subtle change has occurred: recently instructors began doing certain tasks which earlier were done by me or other trained staff. One of the reasons for this change is that many instructors now seem to consider technology not only as a pedagogical medium but also a tool that they need to learn how to use and incorporate into class. This use of technology often runs parallel with the changing roles of their counterpart, the students.
This report is based on my own experience, which I gained through assisting foreign language instruction and linguistics research at the U of C. Therefore, it is open to dispute whether my observations correlate to general changes in the field of instructional technology over the past few years. This report, however, may provide a vivid description of a recent situation in this field and suggest a future direction of the working ground.
Pedagogical leadership in High School: Contributions from the Assessment of Burnout - Resilience in Teachers
Authors: Vicente de Vera Garcí­a Mª Inmaculada , Gabari Gambarte M. Inés 
Published: February 2019

El liderazgo pedagógico en Educación Secundaria supone el conocimiento de herramientas que minimicen los efectos nocivos en la salud y bienestar de los docentes, consecuentes a demandas físicas, mentales, emocionales y relacionales propios de este ámbito profesional. En esta dirección, la resiliencia, fortaleza que el ser humano desarrolla ante la adversidad, permite resistir el suceso estresante, rehacerse del mismo e incluso salir fortalecido de la experiencia. El presente estudio empírico pretende establecer relaciones entre las percepciones de burnout y de resiliencia en docentes. La muestra invitada está compuesta por el profesorado de Educación Secundaria de los 24 Institutos de la red pública de enseñanza de la provincia de Huesca (N=1.268), en el curso 2014. Mediante participación voluntaria, se conforma la muestra definitiva con n=167 docentes (13,17%). La recolección de datos se realiza a través de dos cuestionarios: a) adaptación al castellano del Maslach Burnout Inventory-General Survey (MBI-GS), de Salanova, Schaufeli, Llorens, Peiró y Grau (2000) y b) Cuestionario de Evaluación de Resiliencia de Serrano Martínez- Universidad de Zaragoza (2010). Los resultados confirman que las características personales y la resiliencia de la persona actúan como variables moduladoras frente al burnout , señalando una vía de mejora para el ejercicio de un liderazgo transformativo.