bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A Novel Metastable Pentavalent Plutonium Solid Phase on the Pathway from Aqueous Plutonium(VI) to PuO2 Nanoparticles
Authors: Kvashnina Kristina O. , Romanchuk Anna Yu. , Pidchenko Ivan , Amidani Lucia , Gerber Evgeny , Trigub Alexander , Rossberg Andre , Weiss Stephan , Popa Karin , Walter Olaf , Caciuffo Roberto , Scheinost Andreas C. , Butorin Sergei M. , Kalmykov Stepan N. 
Published: October 2019

AbstractHere we provide evidence that the formation of PuO2 nanoparticles from oxidized PuVI under alkaline conditions proceeds through the formation of an intermediate PuV solid phase, similar to NH4PuO2CO3, which is stable over a period of several months. For the first time, state‐of‐the‐art experiments at Pu M4 and at L3 absorption edges combined with theoretical calculations unambiguously allow to determine the oxidation state and the local structure of this intermediate phase.
New Wine in Old Bottles: Prolonging Room‐Temperature Phosphorescence of Crown Ethers by Supramolecular Interactions
Authors: Wei Peifa , Zhang Xuepeng , Liu Junkai , Shan Guo‐Gang , Zhang Haoke , Qi Ji , Zhao Weijun , Sung Herman H.‐Y. , Williams Ian D. , Lam Jacky W. Y. , Tang Ben Zhong 
Published: October 2019

AbstractSupramolecular macrocyclic hosts have long been used in smart materials. However, their triplet emission and regulation at crystal level is rarely studied. Herein, ultralong and universal room‐temperature phosphorescence (RTP) is reported for traditional crown ethers. A supramolecular strategy involving chain length adjustment and morphological locking through complexation with K+ was explored as a general method to tune the phosphorescence lifetime in the solid state. A maximum 10‐fold increase of lifetime after complex formation accompanied with by invisible to visible phosphorescence was achieved. A deep encryption based on this activated RTP strategy was also facilely fabricated. This work thus opens a new world for supramolecular macrocycles and their intrinsic guest responsiveness offers a new avenue for versatile smart luminescent materials.
Synthetic Humic Acids Solubilize Otherwise Insoluble Phosphates to Improve Soil Fertility
Authors: Yang Fan , Zhang Shuaishuai , Song Jingpeng , Du Qing , Li Guixiang , Tarakina Nadezda V. , Antonietti Markus 
Published: October 2019

AbstractArtificial humic acids (A‐HA) made from biomass in a hydrothermal process turn otherwise highly insoluble phosphates (e.g. iron phosphate as a model) into highly available phosphorus, which contributes to the fertility of soils and the coupled plant growth. A detailed electron microscopy study revealed etching of the primary iron phosphate crystals by the ‐COOH and phenolic groups of humic acids, but also illustrated the importance of the redox properties of humic matter on the nanoscale. The combined effects result in the formation of then bioavailable phosphate nanoparticles stabilized by humic matter. Typical agricultural chemical tests indicate that the content of total P and directly plant‐available P improved largely. Comparative pot planting experiments before and after treatment of phosphates with A‐HA demonstrate significantly enhanced plant growth, as quantified in higher aboveground and belowground plant biomass.
Temperament and character as risk factor for suicide ideation and attempts in adults with autism spectrum disorders
Authors: Hooijer Annelie A. T. , Sizoo Bram B. 
Published: October 2019

Persons with autism spectrum disorders (ASDs) are suggested to have an increased risk for suicide ideation and suicide attempts, but this topic is largely understudied. Research indicates that temperament and character traits are associated with suicidal behavior in persons without ASD, with higher scores for novelty seeking (NS), harm avoidance (HA), and self‐transcedence (ST), and lower scores for self‐directedness (SD) and cooperativeness (CO). Usually persons with ASD have temperament and character profiles with high HA, and low NS, reward dependence (RD), SD, and CO. The aim is to investigate whether there is a relationship between temperament and character traits and suicide ideation and attempts in adults with ASD. Seventy‐four adults with ASD participated by completing self‐report measures on suicide thoughts and behavior, depression, and temperament. Independent sample t‐tests were conducted to compare scores between attempters versus nonattempters and between ideators versus nonideators. Regression analysis was performed to explore the predictive value of temperament and character. T‐tests showed lower NS and SD, and higher HA for ideators versus nonideators, but not for attempters versus nonattempters. Regression models showed no significant relation between suicide ideation and NS, SD, HA after the latter were controlled for the significant influence of depression. Temperament and character can probably not be used for predicting suicide ideation and attempts, based on results from the current sample. Clinicians must take note of the high prevalence and risk of depression among persons with ASD, which may be under‐reported. Autism Res 2020, 13: 104–111. © 2019 International Society for Autism Research, Wiley Periodicals, Inc.Lay SummaryThe aim of the current study was to uncover risk factors for suicide ideation and attempts in adults with autism, since this urgent topic is largely understudied. We initially investigated whether temperament and character could be risk factors, but found no association. However, we did find that depression might be a high predictor for suicide ideation, which could remain under‐reported in adults with autism, due to impaired communication and problems with expressing emotions and thoughts.
The volume of 99mTc sulfur colloid SPET‐defined active bone marrow can predict grade 3 or higher acute hematologic toxicity in locally advanced cervical cancer patients who receive chemoradiotherapy
Authors: Wang Shan‐Bing , Liu Jia‐Pei , Lei Kai‐Jian , Jia Yu‐Ming , Xu Yan , Rong Jin‐Feng , Wang Chun‐Xiu 
Published: October 2019

AbstractBackgroundThe purpose of the current study was to evaluate whether radiation dose‐volume metrics to technetium‐99m (99mTc) sulfur colloid single‐photon emission tomography (SPET)‐defined active bone marrow (ABM) subregions can more accurately predict acute hematologic toxicity in locally advanced cervical cancer patients who receive chemoradiotherapy than conventional dosimetric parameters.Methods and materialsThirty‐nine patients with stage IB2‐III cervical cancer who underwent 99mTc sulfur colloid SPET imaging before treatment with cisplatin‐based chemoradiation between January 2017 and March 2018 were analyzed. The total bone marrow (TBM) volume was defined as the external contours of all bones within the vertebral bodies from L4 to the coccyx, the pelvic bones, and the proximal femoral heads. The ABM volume was defined by SPET as the subregion of TBM with a nuclide uptake value greater than or equal to the mean total body nuclide uptake value. Student's t test was used to test for statistical significance between TBM and ABM dose‐volume metrics. Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves were generated to compare the predictors of grade 3 or higher (grade 3+) hematologic toxicity.ResultsThe mean ABM‐V40 (23.22% ± 7.65%) and ABM‐V30 (45.28% ± 9.20%) were significantly lower than the mean TBM‐V40 (33.06% ± 6.72%) and TBM‐V30 (53.08% ± 7.77%), respectively (t = 5.78, P = .001) (t = 4.13, P = .001). The ABM volume (<387.5 cm3, AUC = 0.928, P = .001), ABM‐V30 (>46.5%, AUC = 0.875, P = .001), and ABM‐V40 (>23.5%, AUC = 0.858, P = .001) can predict the occurrence of grade 3+ hematologic toxicity. Among patients with an ABM volume < 387.5 cm3, 16/19 (84.2%) had grade 3+ hematologic toxicity compared to 3/20 (15%) with an ABM volume > 387.5 cm3.ConclusionsThe ABM volume (<387.5 cm3) may be a better predictor of hematologic toxicity than conventional dose‐volume metrics, but this finding needs to be further evaluated.
G‐Quadruplex‐Binding Small Molecule Induces Synthetic Lethality in Breast Cancer Cells by Inhibiting c‐MYC and BCL2 Expression
Authors: Paul Rakesh , Das Tania , Debnath Manish , Chauhan Ajay , Dash Jyotirmayee 
Published: October 2019

AbstractHerein, a prolinamide‐derived peptidomimetic that preferentially binds to c‐MYC and BCL2 G‐quadruplexes present in the promoter regions of apoptosis‐related genes (c‐MYC and BCL2) over other DNA quadruplexes are described. Biological assays, such as real‐time quantitative reverse transcription, western blot, dual luciferase, and small interfering RNA knockdown assays, indicate that the ligand triggers a synthetic lethal interaction by simultaneously inhibiting the expression of c‐MYC and BCL2 genes through their promoter G‐quadruplexes. The ligand shows antiproliferative activity in MCF‐7 cells that overexpress both MYC and BCL2 genes, in comparison to cells that overexpress either of the two. Moreover, the ligand induces S‐phase cell‐cycle arrest, DNA damage, and apoptosis in MCF‐7 cells.
Rotated mesiodens in children. An immediate surgical removal or active monitoring?
Authors: Thomaidis Vasilios , Tsoucalas Gregory , Fiska Aliki 
Published: October 2019

AbstractRotated mesiodentes impaction is a rare variant of dental anatomy which may cause a cluster of symptoms damaging nearby structures. Although some recommend a delayed approach, after the end of teeth development, it seems that an immediate surgical removal would be of great benefit for the patients involved.
A Gentler Touch: Synthesis of Modern Ruthenium Olefin Metathesis Catalysts Sustained by Mechanical Force
Authors: Mukherjee Nirmalya , Marczyk Anna , Szczepaniak Grzegorz , Sytniczuk Adrian , Kajetanowicz Anna , Grela Karol 
Published: October 2019

AbstractMechanochemical synthesis of nine contemporary ruthenium catalysts used for olefin metathesis is described, being the first reported example of formation of Ru carbene organometallic complexes in solid state. Three key organometallic transformations commonly used in the synthesis of the second and third generations of Ru catalysts in solution—phosphine ligand (PCy3) exchange with in situ formed N‐heterocyclic carbene (NHC) ligand, PCy3 to pyridine ligand replacement, and benzylidene ligands interchange—were proved to work under mechanochemical conditions, affording the targets in high purity. Mechanochemical approach not only requires less amounts of organic solvent (null for synthesis, only for purification) and is scalable, but also allows for transformations that were reported impossible in the solution phase.
Morphology Modulation‐Engineered Flowerlike In2S3 via Ionothermal Method for Efficient CO2 Electroreduction
Authors: Feng Jiaqi , Gao Hongshuai , Feng Jianpeng , Liu Lei , Zeng Shaojuan , Dong Haifeng , Bai Yinge , Liu Licheng , Zhang Xiangping 
Published: October 2019

AbstractElectroreduction of carbon dioxide (CO2) to chemicals is a promising route to convert and utilize CO2 under atmospheric conditions. However, the relative poor reaction efficiency seriously hinders the practical applications of this route. In this work, flowerlike In2S3 assembled by nanoflakes was synthesized via ionothermal method and exhibited a high Faradaic efficiency (FE) of 86 % with excellent formate formation rate of 478 μmol h−1 cm−2 in ionic liquid (IL) electrolyte. Flowerlike structure can provide large electrochemically active surface area and enhance mass transfer rate. Additionally, density functional theory (DFT) calculations reveal that the origin of the improved performance can be attributed to the large adsorption energy of CO2* and OCHO* intermediate on the (440) facet which is the main exposed crystal facet of flowerlike In2S3.[f1]
Additives for Cycle Life Improvement of High‐Voltage LNMO‐Based Li‐Ion Cells
Authors: Hofmann Andreas , Höweling Andres , Bohn Nicole , Müller Marcus , Binder Joachim R. , Hanemann Thomas 
Published: October 2019

AbstractIn this empirical study, five electrolyte additives, namely, lithium bis(oxalato) borate, lithium difluoro(oxalato) borate, 1‐vinyl‐1,2,4‐triazole, 1‐vinyl imidazole and dimethyl‐2,5‐dioxahexane dioate are described and compared regarding their effect in LNMO//graphite cells. The additives were selected from a preliminary study of 59 potential additives. The basis electrolyte mixture is DMC/EC+1 M LiPF6 (LP30) for all cells. All additives are able to enhance the cycle life at room temperature and at elevated temperatures (50 °C) significantly compared to the non‐additive electrolyte blend (basis electrolyte). The cell enhancement is discussed based on the solid‐electrolyte interface (SEI) and metal‐ion content on anode side. The aim of the study is to suggest promising already known as well as new additives that are able to overcome the issue of rapid capacity fading of LNMO‐based cells when the cells are cycled up to 4.8–5.0 V vs. Li/Li+, especially at higher temperatures.
Metal‐Free Aryl Cross‐Coupling Directed by Traceless Linkers
Authors: Haensch Veit G. , Neuwirth Toni , Steinmetzer Johannes , Kloss Florian , Beckert Rainer , Gräfe Stefanie , Kupfer Stephan , Hertweck Christian 
Published: October 2019

AbstractThe metal‐free, highly selective synthesis of biaryls poses a major challenge in organic synthesis. The scope and mechanism of a promising new approach to (hetero)biaryls by the photochemical fusion of aryl substituents tethered to a traceless sulfonamide linker (photosplicing) are reported. Interrogating photosplicing with varying reaction conditions and comparison of diverse synthetic probes (40 examples, including a suite of heterocycles) showed that the reaction has a surprisingly broad scope and involves neither metals nor radicals. Quantum chemical calculations revealed that the C−C bond is formed by an intramolecular photochemical process that involves an excited singlet state and traversal of a five‐membered transition state, and thus consistent ipso–ipso coupling results. These results demonstrate that photosplicing is a unique aryl cross‐coupling method in the excited state that can be applied to synthesize a broad range of biaryls.
Integrated Ultrafine Co0.85Se in Carbon Nanofibers: An Efficient and Robust Bifunctional Catalyst for Oxygen Electrocatalysis
Authors: Gui Liangqi , Huang Ziliang , Ai Ding , He Beibei , Zhou Wei , Sun Jian , Xu Jianmei , Wang Qing , Zhao Ling 
Published: October 2019

AbstractTransition‐metal selenides are emerging as alternative bifunctional catalysts for oxygen evolution reaction (OER) and oxygen reduction reaction (ORR); however, their activity and stability are still less than desirable. Herein, ultrafine Co0.85Se nanoparticles encapsulated into carbon nanofibers (CNFs), Co0.85Se@CNFs, is reported as an integrated bifunctional catalyst for OER and ORR. This catalyst exhibits a low OER potential of 1.58 V vs. reversible hydrogen electrode (RHE) (EJ=10, OER) to achieve a current density (J) of 10 mA cm−2 and a high ORR potential of 0.84 V vs. RHE (EJ=−1, ORR) to reach −1 mA cm−2. Thus, the potential between EJ=10, OER and EJ=−1, ORR is only 0.74 V, indicating considerable bifunctional activity. The excellent bifunctionality can be attributed to high electronic conduction, abundant electrochemically active sites, and the synergistic effect of Co0.85Se and CNFs. Furthermore, this Co0.85Se@CNFs catalyst displays good cycling stability for both OER and ORR. This study paves a new way for the rational design of hybrid catalysts composed of transition‐metal selenides and carbon materials for efficiently catalyzing OER and ORR.
Ascorbic Acid as an Aryl Radical Inducer in the Gold‐Mediated Arylation of Indoles with Aryldiazonium Chlorides
Authors: Medina‐Mercado Ignacio , Asomoza‐Solís Eric Omar , Martínez‐González Eduardo , Ugalde‐Saldívar Victor Manuel , Ledesma‐Olvera Lydia Gabriela , Barquera‐Lozada José Enrique , Gómez‐Vidales Virginia , Barroso‐Flores Joaquín , Frontana‐Uribe Bernardo A. , Porcel Susana 
Published: October 2019

AbstractIn recent years interest in the development of protocols that facilitate the oxidative addition of gold to access mild cross‐coupling processes mediated by this metal has increased. In this context, we report herein that ascorbic acid, a natural and readily accessible antioxidant, can be used to accelerate the oxidative addition of aryldiazonium chlorides onto AuI. The aryl–AuIII species generated in this way, has been used to prepare 3‐arylindoles in a one‐pot protocol starting from anilines and para‐, meta‐, and ortho‐ substituted aryldiazonium chlorides. The mechanism underlying the oxidative addition has been examined in detail based on EPR analyses, cyclic voltammetry, and DFT calculations. Interestingly, we have found that in this protocol, the chloride atom induces the AuII/AuIII oxidation step.
Impact of Ca2+ and Mg2+ on the Removal of F− by Magnesium Potassium Phosphate
Authors: Deng Linyu , Wang Ying , Huang Tinglin 
Published: October 2019

AbstractThis study investigates the influence of Ca2+ and Mg2+ on the removal of F− by magnesium potassium phosphate (MPP) from water. The kinetic experiments reveal that the F− concentration decreased from 3.5 to 3.31 mg L−1 in a single (F−) system and to 1.45 mg L−1 in a ternary system (F−, Ca2+, and Mg2+) after 1 min, respectively. Thus, the F− removal efficiencies are found to increase by about 53% with the co‐active effect of Ca2+ and Mg2+ in the solution. Moreover, Ca2+ and Mg2+ are almost completely removed in the F−, Ca2+, and Mg2+ system. According to the pseudo‐first‐order modeling, the rate constants k for F−, Ca2+, and Mg2+ are 0.00348, 0.0106, and 0.0159 min−1 respectively; thus, Mg2+ > Ca2+ > F−. In the ternary system, the removal efficiencies are 53.29–66.03% for F−, 99.99–100% for Ca2+, and 87.21–95.19% for Mg2+ with initial pH 5–10. The removal efficiencies of F− increases with increases in initial concentrations of F−, Ca2+, and Mg2+. The removal of F− is governed by two routes: 1) adsorption by electrostatic interactions and outer sphere surface complexation; 2) co‐precipitation with Ca3(PO4)2, CaHPO4, Mg3(PO4)2, and Mg(OH)2.
Characterization of plexinA and two distinct semaphorin1a transcripts in the developing and adult cricket Gryllus bimaculatus
Authors: Horch Hadley W. , Spicer Sara B. , Low Isabel I. C. , Joncas Colby T. , Quenzer Eleanor D. , Okoya Hikmah , Ledwidge Lisa M. , Fisher Harrison P. 
Published: October 2019

AbstractGuidance cues act during development to guide growth cones to their proper targets in both the central and peripheral nervous systems. Experiments in many species indicate that guidance molecules also play important roles after development, though less is understood about their functions in the adult. The Semaphorin family of guidance cues, signaling through Plexin receptors, influences the development of both axons and dendrites in invertebrates. Semaphorin functions have been extensively explored in Drosophila melanogaster and some other Dipteran species, but little is known about their function in hemimetabolous insects. Here, we characterize sema1a and plexA in the cricket Gryllus bimaculatus. In fact, we found two distinct predicted Sema1a proteins in this species, Sema1a.1 and Sema1a.2, which shared only 48% identity at the amino acid level. We include a phylogenetic analysis that predicted that many other insect species, both holometabolous and hemimetabolous, express two Sema1a proteins as well. Finally, we used in situ hybridization to show that sema1a.1 and sema1a.2 expression patterns were spatially distinct in the embryo, and both roughly overlap with plexA. All three transcripts were also expressed in the adult brain, mainly in the mushroom bodies, though sema1a.2 was expressed most robustly. sema1a.2 was also expressed strongly in the adult thoracic ganglia while sema1a.1 was only weakly expressed and plexA was undetectable.
Light‐Modulated Self‐Blockage of a Urea Binding Site in a Stiff‐Stilbene Based Anion Receptor
Authors: de Jong Jorn , Feringa Ben L. , Wezenberg Sander J. 
Published: October 2019

AbstractAnion binding to a receptor based on stiff‐stilbene, which is equipped with a urea hydrogen bond donating group and a phosphate or phosphinate hydrogen bond accepting group, can be controlled by light. In one photoaddressable state (E isomer) the urea binding site is available for binding, while in the other (Z isomer) it is blocked because of an intramolecular interaction with its hydrogen bond accepting motif. This intramolecular interaction is supported by DFT calculations and 1H NMR titrations reveal a significantly lower anion binding strength for the state in which anion binding is blocked. Furthermore, the molecular switching process has been studied in detail by UV/Vis and NMR spectroscopy. The presented approach opens up new opportunities toward the development of photoresponsive anion receptors.
CD33 expression on natural killer cells is a potential confounder for residual disease detection in acute myeloid leukemia by flow cytometry
Authors: Eckel Ashley M. , Cherian Sindhu , Miller Valerie , Soma Lorinda 
Published: October 2019

AbstractDetection of minimal/measurable residual disease (MRD) in acute myeloid leukemia (AML) is important for guiding patient‐specific clinical management. Natural killer (NK) cells can express various markers not typically associated with NK lineage, potentially confounding the detection of MRD by flow cytometry. We have observed CD33 expression on NK cells when evaluating for AML MRD in routine clinical practice in multiple patient samples. To characterize CD33 expression on NK cells, 40 peripheral blood or bone marrow samples with NK cells present at >5% of lymphocytes were selected for further assessment of NK cell phenotype and CD33 expression. Seven of the 40 samples (17.5%) were found to have CD33 expression on at least 5% of the NK cells. The CD33‐positive NK cell population accounted for an average of 11.4% of NK cells (median 11.9%, range 8.0–15.3%) and 2.2% of total white cells (median 1.1%, range 0.1‐10.1%). This NK cell subset expressed bright CD2, bright CD56, and dim CD16. On average, CD33 expression on NK cells was dimmer than on monocytes (mean median fluorescence intensity ratio 0.4; range 0.1‐1.0). This study characterizes expression of CD33 on NK cells. Recognition of this pattern of antigen expression is critical in evaluating samples for MRD in patients with myeloid neoplasms, particularly AML.
A survey on privacy and access control schemes in fog computing
Authors: Khalid Tauqeer , Abbasi Muhammad Abbas Khan , Zuraiz Maria , Khan Abdul Nasir , Ali Mazhar , Ahmad Raja Wasim , Rodrigues Joel J.P.C. , Aslam Mudassar 
Published: October 2019

SummaryTo provide reliable data storage and retrieval services to the end users, the cloud service provider implements secure data storage, sharing, and retrieval mechanisms. However, the aforesaid services provided by cloud have certain pitfalls, such as decision latency and real‐time data computation. To address these aforementioned problems, fog computing was introduced for the purpose of providing cloud services at the network's edge. While this migration of the cloud services to the network's edge raises various security concerns, such as trust, authentication, mobility, intrusion, network security, and secure data computation. Among these concerns, the most critical issues that need immediate attention of researchers and practitioners are of privacy and access control in fog computing which are in direct relation to secure data storage and retrieval purposes. So, in order to highlight their importance for research community, this survey embodies to discuss, explain, and compare various privacy preserving and access control schemes in the context of fog computing for classifying and analyzing similarities and variances with respect to other researchers. Moreover, upon classification and analysis of these schemes, various open issues and future directions are also presented for researchers and practitioners for the purpose of enhancing security algorithms to address privacy and access control issues in fog computing.