bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
How high‐dose alcohol intoxication affects the interplay of automatic and controlled processes
Authors: Chmielewski Witold X. , Zink Nicolas , Chmielewski Keluf Ylva , Beste Christian , Stock Ann‐Kathrin 
Published: December 2018

AbstractBinge drinking is an increasingly prevalent pattern of alcohol consumption that impairs top‐down cognitive control to a much stronger degree than automatic response generation. Even though an imbalance of those two antagonistic processes fosters the development and maintenance of alcohol use disorders (AUDs), it has never been directly investigated how binge drinking affects the interaction of those two processes. We therefore assessed a sample of n = 35 healthy young men who were asked to perform a newly developed Simon Nogo paradigm once sober and once intoxicated (~1.2‰) in a balanced within‐subject design. Additionally, an EEG was recorded to dissociate controlled and automatic cognitive subprocesses. The results demonstrate that alcohol seems to reduce top‐down cognitive control. This control impairment was associated with changes in S‐R mapping (reflected by a reduced parietal P3 amplitude), top‐down response selection (reflected by modulations of lateralized readiness potentials), and (the evaluation of) response inhibition (reflected by modulations of the Nogo P3). In sharp contrast to this, automatic processing does not seem to be equally altered, as we found neither increases nor decreases in this domain. Most importantly, we also found that the interaction between control and automatisms might be less impaired by alcohol than control alone, which may help to overcome alcohol‐induced response inhibition deficits. These “carryover” effects of control from one domain to the other could potentially prove beneficial in AUDs.
Dysfunctional approach behavior triggered by alcohol‐unrelated Pavlovian cues predicts long‐term relapse in alcohol dependence
Authors: Sommer Christian , Birkenstock Julian , Garbusow Maria , Obst Elisabeth , Schad Daniel J. , Bernhardt Nadine , Huys Quentin M. , Wurst Friedrich M. , Weinmann Wolfgang , Heinz Andreas , Smolka Michael N. , Zimmermann Ulrich S. 
Published: December 2018

AbstractPavlovian conditioned cues (CSs) can drive instrumental behavior in alcohol‐dependent patients. However, it remains unclear if the influence of Pavlovian CSs might also promote maladaptive decisions that can increase the risk of relapse. We studied 109 abstinent alcohol‐dependent patients and 93 controls who completed a Pavlovian‐to‐instrumental transfer (PIT) paradigm, and assessed patients' subsequent relapse status during a 1‐year follow‐up. In our PIT task, participants had to collect “good shells” (instrumental approach) or leave “bad shells” (instrumental inhibition) during the presence of money‐related Pavlovian CSs or drink‐related pictures in the background. Pavlovian CSs indicated either a monetary gain (ie, 1€, 2€), a monetary loss (ie, ‐1€, −2€) or a neutral stimulus (0€). Drink‐related background pictures were either pictures of participants' favorite alcoholic drink or pictures of water. We found that the influence of money‐related Pavlovian CSs on instrumental behavior (ie, the PIT effect) was more pronounced in future relapsers compared with abstainers and controls. Relapsers particularly failed to correctly perform in trials where the instrumental stimulus required inhibition while a Pavlovian background CS indicated a monetary gain. Under that condition, relapsers approached the instrumental stimulus, independent of the expected punishment. In contrast, we found no difference in PIT between relapsers and abstainers when drink‐related background pictures were presented. The failure of inhibiting an aversive stimulus in favor of approaching an appetitive non‐alcohol‐related context cue might reflect dysfunctional altered learning mechanisms in relapsers. A possible relation to maladaptive decision making that can lead to high‐risk situations for relapse is discussed.
The Emergence of Shell Valuable Exchange in the New Guinea Highlands
Authors: Gaffney Dylan , Summerhayes Glenn R. , Szabo Katherine , Koppel Brent 
Published: December 2018

ABSTRACTShell valuable exchange in the New Guinea Highlands has been a key interest in anthropology, providing insight into economics, aesthetics, and social stratification among banded communities. This article describes how shell exchange at ethnographic present reflects deeper historical processes. We trace the origins and subsequent changes in shell use from the terminal Pleistocene to the Late Holocene at the site of Kiowa in Chimbu Province, Papua New Guinea. Zooarchaeological and technological analyses of Kiowa's shell artifacts indicates riverine mussel was procured locally from the terminal Pleistocene (9,500–10,000 years ago) and featured as a minor component in the diet into the recent precolonial period. In contrast, evidence for marine shell valuables only appears in the Late Holocene in the form of Trochus armbands andTegillarca granosaandPolymesodacf.erosamultifunctional tools. This challenges ideas that associate the gradual dispersal of marine shell into the highlands with the spread of agriculture around the Wahgi Valley at the start of the Holocene and supports punctuated pulses of coastal contact. In doing so, we formulate a testable model for the development of shell exchange into the highlands, with implications for the emergence of stratification and the conduits between the interior and coast. [shell valuables, trade and exchange, coastal contact, stratification, New Guinea Highlands]
Cytokine profiles of phakic and pseudophakic eyes with primary retinal detachment
Authors: Garweg Justus G. , Zandi Souska , Pfister Isabel , Rieben Robert , Skowronska Magdalena , Tappeiner Christoph 
Published: December 2018

AbstractPurposeTo compare the cytokine profiles of phakic (p) and pseudophakic (ps) eyes with primary rhegmatogenous retinal detachment (RD) to eyes with macular holes (MH) and to identify differences in the specific cytokine profiles.MethodsAqueous humour (AH) and vitreous fluid (VF) were obtained from patients with primary RD without proliferative vitreoretinopathy undergoing vitrectomy. AH and VF of patients with macular holes (MH) served as controls. Forty‐three different cytokines were quantified using multiplex cytokine analysis. Intergroup and intragroup comparisons were performed. To control for multiple comparisons, Holm's correction was applied.ResultsVF and AH samples of 71 eyes with RD (pRD N = 38; psRD N = 33) and 26 eyes with MH were included. Cytokine levels in psRD and pRD were similar (none with >10‐fold difference). The levels of 39 of 43 cytokines in the VF were significantly higher in eyes with RD than in those with MH (>10‐fold: CXLC5, CCL26, CCL1, IL‐6, CXCL11, CCL7, CCL13, MIG/CXCL9, CCL19 and TGF‐β1). In the AH, 23 of 43 cytokines were significantly higher compared to MH (>10‐fold: CXCL5, IL‐4, IL‐6, IL‐8/CXCL8 and CCL7).ConclusionA complex, but nonspecific cytokine environmental response seems to initiate immunological and profibrotic processes following RD. Relevant differences in the cytokine profiles of eyes with pRD and psRD were not identified, whereas cytokine differences between AH and VF in RD could be explained by upregulation in the vitreous, a higher turn around in the anterior chamber, or differences in inflammatory cascades in both compartments.
Central retinal thickness following panretinal photocoagulation using a multispot semi‐automated pattern‐scanning laser to treat ischaemic diabetic retinopathy: Treatment in one session compared with four monthly sessions
Authors: Gabrielle Pierre‐Henry , Massin Pascale , Kodjikian Laurent , Erginay Ali , Pallot Charlotte , Jonval Lysiane , Soudry Agnès , Couturier Aude , Vardanian‐Vartin Cristina , Bron Alain M. , Creuzot‐Garcher Catherine 
Published: December 2018

AbstractPurposeTo compare central retinal thickness (CRT) after panretinal photocoagulation (PRP) with a multispot semi‐automated PAttern‐SCAnning Laser (PASCAL) in one session (SS‐PRP) versus four monthly sessions (MS‐PRP) in diabetic retinopathy.MethodsMulticentre, prospective, randomized, single‐blinded, controlled trial evaluating the noninferiority of SS‐PRP versus MS‐PRP for CRT measured with macular spectral‐domain optical coherence tomography (SD‐OCT), with a 9‐month follow‐up in patients presenting severe nonproliferative diabetic retinopathy (DR) or mild proliferative DR without macular oedema (ME) at baseline.ResultsNinety‐seven eyes of 97 participants with a mean age of 57.0 ± 14.2 years were included. The mean change of CRT from baseline to 9 months was not statistically different in SS‐PRP or in MS‐PRP: +16.9 ± 28.3 μm versus +24.7 ± 31.8 μm, respectively (p = 0.224). The variation in mean best‐corrected visual acuity (BCVA) from baseline to 9 months was similar in both groups: −1.1 ± 6.5 letters versus −0.6 ± 6.2 letters (p = 0.684). The number of patients with stabilization of DR was not statistically different between the two groups. No severe complication was recorded in either group.ConclusionThis study showed the noninferiority of PRP performed in one session versus four monthly sessions with a PASCAL concerning central retinal thickness for treating mild proliferative or severe nonproliferative DR without ME at baseline.
Safety and efficacy of laparoscopic percutaneous extraperitoneal closure for inguinal hernia in infants younger than 6 months: A comparison with conventional open repair
Authors: Zenitani Masahiro , Saka Ryuta , Sasaki Takashi , Takama Yuichi , Tani Gakuto , Tanaka Natsumi , Ueno Takehisa , Tazuke Yuko , Oue Takaharu , Okuyama Hiroomi 
Published: December 2018

AbstractIntroductionThis study aimed to compare the safety and efficacy of laparoscopic percutaneous extraperitoneal closure (LPEC) and conventional open repair (OR) for inguinal hernia in infants younger than 6 months.MethodsThe medical records of 202 patients who had undergone LPEC or OR at an age younger than 6 months between 2010 and 2016 were reviewed. Patient characteristics and surgical outcomes were compared between LPEC and OR.ResultsIn total, there were 120 LPEC (76 males, 44 females) and 83 OR (76 males, 7 females) cases. There were no differences in median age, median bodyweight, and presence of incarceration between the two groups (LPEC group: 3 months (range, 0–5 months), 5.7 kg (range, 2.3–9.6 kg), and 13.3%; OR group: 3 months (range, 1–5 months), 5.5 kg (range, 2.1–9.0 kg), and 12.0%). LPEC was completed in all cases without any intraoperative complications or open conversions. In the LPEC group, 60.0% of unilateral hernia patients had a contralateral patent processus vaginalis and underwent prophylactic closure. The incidence of metachronous contralateral hernia was significantly lower in the LPEC group than in the OR group (0% vs 10.0%, P < 0.01). Operative time was significantly shorter during LPEC than during OR (P < 0.01) for male patients. The recurrence rate was lower in the LPEC group (0.83%) than in the OR group (2.4%), but the difference was not significant.ConclusionThe present data indicate that LPEC is comparable to OR in terms of safety and efficacy in infants younger than 6 months. Moreover, among the LPEC group, there were fewer incidences of metachronous contralateral hernia, and the procedure had a shorter operative time.
Effect of storage temperatures and duration on quality of prepared chicken breast with paprika oleoresin
Authors: Lu Qing , Sun Jingxin , Huang Ming , Guo Yuchen , Memon Arif 
Published: December 2018

AbstractThe objective of this study was to investigate the effect of storage temperatures and time on discoloration and oxidation of prepared chicken breast with paprika oleoresin. Freshly prepared chicken breast containing paprika oleoresin was stored at −2, −10, −18°C, and an oscillating temperature between −10 and −18°C (−10/−18°C). A significant decrease in redness was detected at −2, −10, and −10/−18°C. The lowest TBARS values and carbonyl contents were observed in the samples stored at −18°C for 5 weeks. Also, the values of sulfhydryl groups gradually decreased with the increase in storage temperatures and duration. The results suggest a positive correlation between the loss of redness and oxidation in all samples. The findings indicated that the discoloration and oxidation of prepared chicken breast added with paprika oleoresin were inhibited significantly when stored at −18°C.
Causes of bruising in carcasses of beef cattle during farm, transport, and slaughterhouse handling in Brazil
Authors: Mendonça Fábio S. , Vaz Ricardo Z. , Vaz Fabiano N. , Leal Willian S. , Silveira Isabella D. B. , Restle João , Boligon Arione A. , Cardoso Fernando F. 
Published: December 2018

AbstractThis study aimed to assess preslaughter factors responsible for the occurrence of bruises to front, rib, loin, hip, and round sites of cattle carcasses. Data from the slaughter of 148 loads of cattle were assessed, totaling 4,611 carcasses. Evaluated bruising factor variables were animal gender, journey distance (km), vehicle type (m²), journey time (hours), load density (kg/m2), handling and facilities conditions (optimal, acceptable, and unacceptable), and unloading waiting time (min). Gender had the strongest influence on carcass bruising, being the first variable to enter in the majority of models related to the carcass sites. Female carcasses displayed higher bruising in all sites. Densities above 401 kg/m² caused more bruising. With the exception of the loin, unacceptable, and acceptable conditions assigned to farm facilities and handling resulted in higher average bruising. Articulated vehicles with a greater load capacity were more likely to cause bruising. The effects of variables causing bruises act differently in the various carcass sites. In this sense, the results of this study suggested possible management practices for specific problems during the preslaughter period to minimize losses by bruising to different carcass sites.
Enzymatic synthesis of novel purine nucleosides bearing a chiral benzoxazine fragment
Authors: Eletskaya Barbara Z. , Gruzdev Dmitry A. , Krasnov Victor P. , Levit Galina L. , Kostromina Maria A. , Paramonov Alexander S. , Kayushin Alexei L. , Muzyka Inessa S. , Muravyova Tatyana I. , Esipov Roman S. , Andronova Valeria L. , Galegov Georgiy A. , Charushin Valery N. , Miroshnikov Anatoly I. , Konstantinova Irina D. 
Published: December 2018

AbstractA series of ribo‐ and deoxyribonucleosides bearing 2‐aminopurine as a nucleobase with 7,8‐difluoro‐ 3,4‐dihydro‐3‐methyl‐2H‐[1,4]benzoxazine (conjugated directly or through an aminohexanoyl spacer) was synthesized using an enzymatic transglycosylation reaction. Nucleosides 3‐6 were resistant to deamination under action of adenosine deaminase (ADA) Escherichia coli and ADA from calf intestine. The antiviral activity of the modified nucleosides was evaluated against herpes simplex virus type 1 (HSV‐1, strain L2). It has been shown that at sub‐toxic concentrations, nucleoside (S)‐4‐[2‐amino‐9‐(β‐D‐ribofuranosyl)‐purin‐6‐yl]‐7,8‐difluoro‐3,4‐dihydro‐3‐methyl‐2H‐[1,4]benzoxazine exhibit significant antiviral activity (SI > 32) on the model of HSV‐1 in vitro, including an acyclovir‐resistant virus strain (HSV‐1, strain L2/R).
Cross‐sectional associations of sex hormones with leucocyte telomere length, a marker of biological age, in a community‐based cohort of older men
Authors: Yeap Bu B. , Hui Jennie , Knuiman Matthew W. , Handelsman David J. , Flicker Leon , Divitini Mark L. , Arscott Gillian M. , McLennan Susan V. , Twigg Stephen M. , Almeida Osvaldo P. , Hankey Graeme J. , Golledge Jonathan , Norman Paul E. , Beilby John P. 
Published: December 2018

SummaryContextTelomeres protect chromosomes from damage, and shorter leucocyte telomere length (LTL) is a marker of advancing biological age. The association between testosterone (T) and its bioactive metabolites, dihydrotestosterone (DHT) and oestradiol (E2) with telomere length, particularly in older men, is uncertain. The study aimed to clarify associations of sex hormones with LTL in older men.Participants and methodsWe used cross‐sectional data from 2913 men aged 76.7 ± 3.2 years with morning blood samples assayed for T, DHT, E2 (mass spectrometry), and sex hormone‐binding globulin (SHBG, immunoassay), to correlate sex hormones with LTL measured using PCR and expressed as T/S ratio in multivariable linear regression models adjusted for age, cardiometabolic risk factors and cardiovascular disease history.ResultsAverage difference per decade of age was T −0.46 nmol/L, DHT −0.11 nmol/L, E2 −7.5 pmol/L, SHBG +10.2 nmol/L and LTL (T/S ratio) −0.065. E2 correlated with T/S ratio (r = 0.038, P = 0.039) and SHBG was inversely correlated (r = −0.053, P = 0.004). After multivariable adjustment, E2 was associated with T/S ratio (per 1 SD increase E2: coefficient 0.011, P = 0.043), T and DHT were not associated. When E2 and SHBG were simultaneously included, E2 remained positively (coefficient 0.014, P = 0.014) and SHBG inversely (coefficient −0.013, P = 0.037) associated with T/S ratio.ConclusionsIn older men, neither T nor DHT is associated with LTL while E2 is independently associated with LTL and SHBG is inversely associated, thus relating sex hormone exposure to lower biological age. Further research is needed to determine causality and clarify the role of sex hormones in male ageing.
Multiobjective computation offloading for workflow management in cloudlet‐based mobile cloud using NSGA‐II
Authors: Xu Xiaolong , Fu Shucun , Yuan Yuan , Luo Yun , Qi Lianyong , Lin Wenmin , Dou Wanchun 
Published: December 2018

AbstractCloudlet is a novel computing paradigm, introduced to the mobile cloud service framework, which moves the computing resources closer to the mobile users, aiming to alleviate the communication delay between the mobile devices and the cloud platform and optimize the energy consumption for mobile devices. Currently, the mobile applications, modeled by the workflows, tend to be complicated and computation‐intensive. Such workflows are required to be offloaded to the cloudlet or the remote cloud platform for execution. However, it is still a key challenge to determine the offloading resolvent for the deadline‐constrained workflows in the cloudlet‐based mobile cloud, since a cloudlet often has limited resources. In this paper, a multiobjective computation offloading method, named MCO, is proposed to address the above challenge. Technically, an energy consumption model for the mobile devices is established in the cloudlet‐based mobile cloud. Then, a corresponding computation offloading method, by improving Nondominated Sorting Genetic Algorithm II, is designed to achieve the goal of energy saving for all the mobile device while satisfying the deadline constraints of the workflows. Finally, extensive experimental evaluations are conducted to demonstrate the efficiency and effectiveness of our proposed method.
Pleura revisited: From histology and pathophysiology to pathology and molecular biology
Authors: Karpathiou Georgia , Peoc’h Michel 
Published: December 2018

AbstractPleural cavity has an interesting physiology that when impaired gives rise to pleural effusions a rather frequent problem in respiratory medicine practice. Their aetiology varies widely producing distinct pathological lesions with different prognosis and treatment. The basic morphological features of pleural diseases, neoplastic and non‐neoplastic, will be analysed in this review with an emphasis to their pathophysiology, differential diagnosis and clinicopathological correlations.
Decadal effects of landscape‐wide enrichment of dead wood on saproxylic organisms in beech forests of different historic management intensity
Authors: Roth Nicolas , Doerfler Inken , Bässler Claus , Blaschke Markus , Bussler Heinz , Gossner Martin M. , Heideroth Antje , Thorn Simon , Weisser Wolfgang W. , Müller Jörg 
Published: December 2018

AbstractAimEuropean temperate forests have lost dead wood and the associated biodiversity owing to intensive management over centuries. Nowadays, some of these forests are being restored by enrichment with dead wood, but mostly only at stand scales. Here, we investigated effects of a seminal dead‐wood enrichment strategy on saproxylic organisms at the landscape scale.LocationTemperate European beech forest in southern Germany.MethodsIn a before–after control–impact design, we compared assemblages and gamma diversities of saproxylic organisms in strictly protected old‐growth forest areas (reserves) and historically moderately and intensively managed forest areas before and a decade after starting a landscape‐wide strategy of dead‐wood enrichment.ResultsBefore enrichment with dead wood, the gamma diversity of saproxylic organisms in historically intensively managed forest stands was significantly lower than in reserves and historically moderately managed forest stands; this difference disappeared after 10 years of dead‐wood enrichment. The species composition of beetles in forest stands of the three historical management intensities differed before the enrichment strategy, but a decade thereafter, the species compositions of previously intensively logged and forest reserve plots were similar. However, the differences in fungal species composition between historical management categories before and after 10 years of enrichment persisted.Main conclusionsOur results demonstrate that intentional enrichment of dead wood at the landscape scale is a powerful tool for rapidly restoring saproxylic beetle communities and for restoring wood‐inhabiting fungal communities, which need longer than a decade for complete restoration. We propose that a strategy of area‐wide active restoration combined with some permanent strict refuges is a promising means of promoting the biodiversity of age‐long intensively managed Central European beech forests.
The invisible child: Sibling experiences of growing up with a brother with severe haemophilia—An interpretative phenomenological analysis
Authors: Tregidgo Catherine , Elander James 
Published: December 2018

IntroductionHaemophilia is an inherited chronic condition that causes bleeding in the joints and soft tissue. Healthy siblings growing up in the family of a person with haemophilia can be affected socially and psychologically.AimTo explore qualitatively the experiences of healthy siblings who grew up with a brother with severe haemophilia.MethodsEleven healthy siblings (10 female, one male) who grew up with a brother with severe haemophilia A were recruited via the Haemophilia Society UK. The verbatim transcripts of individual semi‐structured interviews were analysed using interpretative phenomenological analysis (IPA).ResultsThree themes were identified as follows: lack of parental attention, negative social emotions, and carrier status anxiety. Participants described having engaged in attention‐seeking behaviours because they felt they lacked parental attention. They also described the resentment, anger and frustration they felt about the effect their brothers’ haemophilia had on their lives. Female participants described the impact their carrier status or lack of it had on their lives.ConclusionThese findings could be translated into better advocacy and support for siblings through haemophilia centres. More research is also needed on how healthy siblings are affected by haemophilia, including studies guided by family systems theory.