bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Changes in survival and characteristics among older stroke unit patients—1994 versus 2012
Authors: Labberton Angela Susan , Rønning Ole Morten , Thommessen Bente , Barra Mathias 
Published: November 2018

AbstractObjectivesTreatment on organized stroke units (SUs) improves survival after stroke, and stroke mortality has decreased worldwide in recent decades; however, little is known of survival trends among SU patients specifically. This study investigates changes in survival and characteristics of older stroke patients receiving SU treatment.Materials & MethodsWe compared 3‐year all‐cause mortality and baseline characteristics in two cohorts of stroke patients aged ≥60 consecutively admitted to the same comprehensive SU in 1994 (n = 271) and 2012 (n = 546).ResultsThree‐year survival was 53.9% in 1994 and 56.0% in 2012, and adjusted hazard ratio (HR) was 0.99 (95% CI: 0.77–1.28). Adjusted 30‐day case fatality was slightly higher in 2012, 18.9% versus 16.2%, HR 1.68 (95% CI: 1.14–2.47). There were no significant between‐cohort differences in survival beyond 30 days. Patients in 2012 were older (mean age: 78.8 vs. 76.7 years) and more often admitted from nursing homes. There were higher rates of atrial fibrillation (33.7% vs. 21.4%) and malignancy (19.2% vs. 8.9%), and prescription of antiplatelets (46.9% vs. 26.2%) and warfarin (16.3% vs. 5.5%) at admission. Stroke severity was significantly milder in 2012, proportion with mild stroke 66.1% versus 44.3%.ConclusionsThree‐year survival in older Norwegian stroke patients treated on an SU remained stable despite improved treatment in the last decades. Differences in background characteristics may explain this lack of difference; patients in 2012 were older, more often living in supported care, and had higher prestroke comorbidity; however, their strokes were milder and risk factors more often treated.
Recalcitrant Oral Pemphigus Vulgaris Treated With Rituximab
Authors: Sami Naveed 
Published: November 2018

IntroductionThe oral cavity is the most common area of mucosal involvement in pemphigus vulgaris (PV). Rituximab has been used in the treatment of severe and extensive PV. PV limited just to the oral cavity can be an initial manifestation of severe disease. This is a retrospective study of four PV patients who had treatment resistant oral PV and were treated with rituximab (lymphoma protocol).Case PresentationAll four patients were young females who failed to respond to multiple oral conventional treatments for at least 12 months. All four patients had a complete response to rituximab. Two patients were able to discontinue systemic steroids.ConclusionRituximab can be used as an effective rescue agent in the treatment of recalcitrant oral PV.
Towards Catalytic Antibiotics: Redesign of Aminoglycosides To Catalytically Disable Bacterial Ribosomes
Authors: Smolkin Boris , Khononov Alina , Pieńko Tomasz , Shavit Michal , Belakhov Valery , Trylska Joanna , Baasov Timor 
Published: November 2018

AbstractThe emergence of multidrug‐resistant pathogens that are resistant to the majority of currently available antibiotics is a significant clinical problem. The development of new antibacterial agents and novel approaches is therefore extremely important. We set out to explore the potential of catalytic antibiotics as a new paradigm in antibiotics research. Herein, we describe our pilot study on the design, synthesis, and biological testing of a series of new derivatives of the natural aminoglycoside antibiotic neomycin B for their potential action as catalytic antibiotics. The new derivatives showed significant antibacterial activity against wild‐type bacteria and were especially potent against resistant and pathogenic strains including Pseudomonas aeruginosa and methicillin‐resistant Staphylococcus aureus. Selected compounds displayed RNase activity even though the activity was not as high and specific as we would have expected. On the basis of the observed chemical and biochemical data, along with the comparative molecular dynamics simulations of the prokaryotic rRNA decoding site, we postulate that the rational design of catalytic antibiotics should involve not only their structure but also a comprehensive analysis of the rRNA A‐site dynamics.
Primary outcomes and mechanism of action of intravascular lithotripsy in calcified, femoropopliteal lesions: Results of Disrupt PAD II
Authors: Brodmann Marianne , Werner Martin , Holden Andrew , Tepe Gunnar , Scheinert Dierk , Schwindt Arne , Wolf Florian , Jaff Michael , Lansky Alexandra , Zeller Thomas 
Published: November 2018

AbstractObjectiveDISRUPT PAD II was designed to evaluate the safety and performance of intravascular lithotripsy (IVL), a novel approach using pulsatile sonic pressure waves, to modify intimal and medial calcium in stenotic peripheral arteries.BackgroundVascular calcification restricts vessel expansion, increases the risk of vascular complications, and may impair the effect of anti‐proliferative therapy.MethodsDisrupt PAD II was a non‐randomized, multi‐center study that enrolled 60 subjects with complex, calcified peripheral arterial stenosis at eight sites. Patients were treated with IVL and followed to 12‐months. The primary safety endpoint was major adverse events (MAE) through 30 days. The primary effectiveness endpoint was patency at 12 months as adjudicated by duplex ultrasonography (DUS). Key secondary endpoints included acute procedure success, freedom from re‐intervention, and functional outcomes.ResultsBetween June 2015 and December 2015, subjects with moderate or severe calcified arterial lesions were enrolled. The final residual stenosis was 24.2%, with an average acute gain of 3.0 mm. The 30‐day MAE rate was 1.7% with one grade D dissection that resolved following stent placement. Primary patency at 12 months was 54.5%, and clinically driven TLR at 12 months was 20.7%. Optimal IVL technique defined by correct balloon sizing and avoiding therapeutic miss, improved 12‐month primary patency and TLR outcomes to 62.9% and 8.6%, respectively.ConclusionsIVL demonstrated compelling safety with minimal vessel injury, and minimal use of adjunctive stents in a complex, difficult to treat population.
Impact of concurrent tricuspid regurgitation on mortality after transcatheter aortic‐valve implantation
Authors: Takagi Hisato , Hari Yosuke , Kawai Norikazu , Ando Tomo ,   for the ALICE (All‐Literature Investigation of Cardiovascular Evidence) Group
Published: November 2018

AbstractObjectivesTo determine whether concomitant tricuspid regurgitation (TR) is associated with increased mortality in patients with severe aortic stenosis (AS) undergoing transcatheter aortic‐valve implantation (TAVI), we performed a meta‐analysis of currently available studies.MethodsMEDLINE and EMBASE were searched through May 2018. We included comparative or cohort studies enrolling patients with AS undergoing TAVI and reporting early (in‐hospital or 30‐day) and late (including early) all‐cause mortality in patients stratified by baseline TR grade. An odds ratio (OR) of early mortality and a hazard ratio (HR) of late mortality with its 95% CI for significant versus non‐significant (typically, ≥moderate versus <moderate) TR was extracted. Study‐specific estimates were combined in the random‐effects model.ResultsOur search identified 12 eligible studies enrolling a total of 41,485 TAVI patients. The meta‐analysis for early mortality combining 3 ORs demonstrated a significant 1.80‐fold increase in mortality with significant TR (OR, 1.80; 95% CI, 1.01 to 3.19; P = 0.05). The primary meta‐analysis for midterm (6‐month to 30‐month) mortality combining all the 12 HRs/ORs indicated a significant 1.96‐fold increase in mortality (HR/OR, 1.96; 95% CI, 1.35 to 2.85; P = 0.0004). The secondary meta‐analysis for midterm mortality combining 7 homogeneous HRs (adjusted HRs for ≥moderate versus <moderate TR) showed a significant 2.25‐fold increase in mortality (HR, 2.25; 95% CI, 1.20–4.24; P = 0.01).ConclusionsConcurrent significant (typically, ≥moderate) TR is associated with an approximately two‐fold increase in both early and midterm all‐cause mortality in patients with AS undergoing TAVI.
Two‐year outcomes of statin therapy in patients with acute myocardial infarction with or without dyslipidemia after percutaneous coronary intervention in the era of new‐generation drug‐eluting stents within Korean population: Data from the Korea Acute Myocardial Infarction Registry
Authors: Kim Yong Hoon , Her Ae‐Young , Jeong Myung Ho , Kim Byeong‐Keuk , Shin Dong‐Ho , Kim Jung‐Sun , Ko Young‐Guk , Choi Donghoon , Hong Myeong‐Ki , Jang Yangsoo 
Published: November 2018

AbstractBackgroundLimited studies focused on long‐term outcomes of statin therapy in patients with acute myocardial infarction (AMI) with or without dyslipidemia after percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) in the era of new‐generation drug‐eluting stents (DES). We thought to investigate 2‐year clinical outcomes of statin therapy in these patients.MethodsA total of 18,137 eligible AMI patients (from the Korea AMI Registry [KAMIR]) were finally enrolled and divided into four groups according to the presence or absence of dyslipidemia and statin therapy (dyslipidemia+/statin− [group A, 309 patients], dyslipidemia+/statin+ [group B, 2094 patients], dyslipidemia−/statin– [group C, 672 patients], dyslipidemia−/statin+ [group D, 15062 patients]). The primary outcome was major adverse cardiac event (MACE) defined as all‐cause death, myocardial infarction (MI) and revascularization.ResultsDuring the 2‐year follow‐up period, the cumulative incidence of MACE in the group A was higher than the group B (adjusted hazard ratio [HR], 2.207; 95% confidence interval (CI), 1.098–3.743; p = .024) and the group D (adjusted HR, 2.110; 95% CI, 1.240–3.593, p = .006). This significantly increased incidence of MACE caused by the higher cumulative incidences of all‐cause death and cardiac death (CD) in the group A compared with groups B and D. However, the cumulative incidences of MI and revascularization were not significantly different among these four groups.ConclusionStatin therapy demonstrated significantly reduced incidences of MACE, all‐cause death and CD compared with non‐users after PCI in AMI patients with or without dyslipidemia during 2‐year follow‐up period in the era of new‐generation DES.
Boron‐Doped Graphene as Efficient Electrocatalyst for Zinc‐Bromine Redox Flow Batteries
Authors: Venkatesan Natesam , Archana Kaliyarai Selvakumar , Suresh Subramanian , Aswathy Raghunandanan , Ulaganthan Mani , Periasamy Padikassu , Ragupathy Pitchai 
Published: November 2018

AbstractIt is well‐known that boron‐doped graphene (BDG) is a promising electrode material for various applications owing to its outstanding properties, such as high electrocatalytic activity, electrical conductivity, large surface area, and cycle stability. In the present study, BDG is synthesized and used as an electrocatalyst for improving the bromine reversibility in Zn−Br2 redox flow battery applications. BDG showed a highly improved peak separation potential (145 mV) for the 2Br−/Br2 redox reaction compared to reduced graphene oxide (264 mV). Furthermore, the flow cell showed a low potential drop of 265 mV for the BDG‐based cell, which is lower than those of the other flow cells tested herein (for CF: 434 mV; r‐GO: 363 mV). The synthesized materials were also subjected to various physicochemical characterizations such as X‐ray diffraction (XRD), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), Raman spectroscopy, scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and transmission electron microscopy (TEM). The durability of the flow‐cell system employing BDG/CF was analyzed at 20 mA/cm2 and the cell showed a maximum Coulombic efficiency of 86 % at the 100th cycle.
Exceptional Low Dielectric Behavior of Chemically Robust, Guest‐Free Co‐ and Mn‐Based Coordination Polymers
Authors: Kao Ya‐Chuan , Mendiratta Shruti , Usman Muhammad , Wen Yuh‐Sheng , Wang Chih‐Ming , Zhao Li , Wu Maw‐Kuen , Lu Kuang‐Lieh 
Published: November 2018

AbstractSynthesis of two guest‐free 1D coordination polymers [M(amtd)2]n (1, M=Co; 2, M=Mn; amtd=2‐amino‐5‐mercapto‐1,3,4‐thiadiazole) was achieved through hydro(solvo)thermal reactions, which are found to be stable and chemically robust towards various solvents and serve as promising inter‐layer dielectric materials for microelectronics with exceptional low dielectric constants (1, κ=2.43 at 1 MHz; 2, κ=2.57 at 1 MHz).
Molecular Design Approach Managing Molecular Orbital Superposition for High Efficiency without Color Shift in Thermally Activated Delayed Fluorescent Organic Light‐Emitting Diodes
Authors: Kim Mounggon , Yoon Seong‐Jun , Han Si Hyun , Ansari Ramin , Kieffer John , Lee Jun Yeob , Kim Jinsang 
Published: November 2018

AbstractMolecular design principles of thermally activated delayed fluorescent (TADF) emitters having a high quantum efficiency and a color tuning capability was investigated by synthesizing three TADF emitters with donors at different positions of a benzonitrile acceptor. The position rendering a large overlap between the highest occupied molecular orbital (HOMO) and the lowest unoccupied molecular orbital (LUMO) enhances the quantum efficiency of the TADF emitter. Regarding the orbital overlap, donor attachments at 2‐ and 6‐positions of the benzonitrile were more beneficial than 3‐ and 5‐substitutions. Moreover, an additional attachment of a weak donor at the 4‐position further increased the quantum efficiency without decreasing the emission energy. Therefore, the molecular design strategy of substituting strong donors at the positions allowing a large molecular orbital overlap and an extra weak donor is a good approach to achieve both high quantum efficiency and a slightly increased emission energy.
Heterogeneous Metal–Organic‐Framework‐Based Biohybrid Catalysts for Cascade Reactions in Organic Solvent
Authors: Wang Yangxin , Zhang Ningning , Zhang En , Han Yunhu , Qi Zhenhui , Ansorge‐Schumacher Marion B. , Ge Yan , Wu Changzhu 
Published: November 2018

AbstractIn cooperative catalysis, the combination of chemo‐ and biocatalysts to perform one‐pot reactions is a powerful tool for the improvement of chemical synthesis. Herein, UiO‐66‐NH2 was employed to stepwise immobilize Pd nanoparticles (NPs) and Candida antarctica lipase B (CalB) for the fabrication of biohybrid catalysts for cascade reactions. Distinct from traditional materials, UiO‐66‐NH2 has a robust but tunable structure that can be utilized with a ligand exchange approach to adjust its hydrophobicity, resulting in excellent catalyst dispersity in diverse reaction media. These attractive properties contribute to the formation of MOF‐based biohybrid catalysts with high activity and selectivity in the synthesis of benzyl hexanoate from benzaldehyde and ethyl hexanoate. With this proof‐of‐concept, we reasonably expect that future tailor‐made MOFs can combine other catalysts, ranging from chemical to biological catalysts for applications in industry.
HPV‐associated neuroendocrine carcinomas of the head and neck in FNA biopsies: Clinicopathologic features of a rare entity
Authors: Jo Vickie Y. , Krane Jeffrey F. , Pantanowitz Liron , Monaco Sara E. 
Published: November 2018

AbstractBackgroundThe majority of human papillomavirus (HPV)–associated oropharyngeal carcinomas are squamous cell carcinomas; however, there are rare reports of HPV–associated neuroendocrine carcinomas (HPV‐NECs) in the upper aerodigestive tract. The aim of this study was to characterize the diagnostic features of fine‐needle aspiration (FNA) cases of head and neck HPV‐NEC.MethodsCytology cases of HPV‐NEC were identified over a 3‐year period from 2 institutions. Clinical, cytomorphologic, and ancillary test results were evaluated.ResultsFive FNA cases of HPV‐NEC were identified from 4 patients with cervical lymph node metastases with primaries in the oropharynx (n = 2), nasopharynx (n = 1), and larynx (n = 1). Three cases showed mixed small cell and large cell neuroendocrine morphologies; 1 case was a small cell carcinoma, and the last case appeared as a large cell neuroendocrine carcinoma. All tumors were strongly positive for synaptophysin and p16 and negative for p63/p40. Two cases tested for INSM1 showed diffuse nuclear staining. HPV was confirmed by in situ hybridization in 4 cases, and HPV‐18 was detected by polymerase chain reaction in the fifth case. Retinoblastoma (Rb) staining was moderate to weak (5/5), and p53 was weakly positive (5/5).ConclusionsHead and neck HPV‐NEC is a rare, aggressive entity that can show mixed small and large cell features and p16 upregulation; p53 and Rb are variable with limited diagnostic utility. Because p16 positivity can be nonspecific, confirmatory HPV testing is required and may be helpful in determining the primary site for neuroendocrine carcinoma of an unknown primary. The accurate diagnosis of HPV‐NEC is also important because of its worse prognosis in comparison with HPV‐associated squamous cell carcinoma.
All‐Inorganic Perovskite Nanocrystals‐Based Light Emitting Diodes and Solar Cells
Authors: Du Bin , Xia Yingdong , Wei Qi , Xing Guichuan , Chen Yonghua , Huang Wei 
Published: November 2018

AbstractAll‐inorganic perovskite nanocrystals have attracted much attention in recent years due to their long stability, spectral tunability, suitable bandgap, long carrier diffusion length and high photoluminescence quantum yield (PLQY). Their excellent optical properties and stability make them suitable candidates for optoelectronic devices. In this review, we first provide an up‐to‐date review on the synthesis of all‐inorganic NCs, such as hot‐injection, room‐temperature, ultrasonication, solvothermal, fast microwave‐assisted and amine‐free methods. In addition, recent research progress of optoelectronic applications in light emitting diodes and solar cells is presented. Finally, we show the new challenges and give suggestions to make a broad range of applications in the near future.
Scalable and secure group key agreement for wireless ad‐hoc networks by extending RSA scheme
Authors: PJA Alphonse , Y Venkatramana Reddy 
Published: November 2018

SummaryGroups can be formed as a fixed or static set or as a varying or dynamic set. Previously, no researcher considered groups, other than the two configurations. Yet, a new method is the formation of groups and the signatures, based on demand approach, which non trivializes the issue. By considering groups as virtual, issues of scalability, revocation rights of members, memory area for storage of private key for each member, etc, are addressed. The dynamic characteristics of private key, public key, partial signatures of individual members, as well as the group as an entity are factors. The generation of signatures by a group member is with its private key and the groups partial signature. This arrangement facilitates many advantages such as scalability, revocation, tracing, man‐ in‐the‐middle attacks, space requirements, and multiple keys of the group members. Even so, the procedure is adaptable for cloud computing, group communication as in banks to access group accounts with group signatures, group mobile communication, etc. This framework automates the banking system completely.
Crystal Structure and Site Symmetry of Undoped and Eu3+ Doped Ba2LaSbO6 and BaLaMSbO6 Compounds (M=Mg,Ca): Tuning Europium Site Occupancy to Develop Orange and Red Phosphor
Authors: Phatak Rohan , Pathak Nimai , Muhammed Shafeeq , Sali Sanjay K. , Das Amitabh 
Published: November 2018

AbstractDouble perovskite antimonates of the type BaLaMSbO6 (M=Mg, Ca) were synthesized by a standard solid‐state route. The compounds were characterized by X‐ray crystallography and the structures were refined using Rietveld method. BaLaMgSbO6 and BaLaCaSbO6 crystallized in monoclinic space groups (I2/m) and (P21/n), respectively. In both compounds, La occupied the A‐site of perovskite, which is 12‐coordinated as compared to Ba2LaSbO6 where La ion shifts to the B‐site octahedral coordination due to the larger size of Ba as compared with Mg and Ca. The samples were further characterized using FTIR and the frequency of the octahedral vibration is correlated to the electronegativity of the B‐site ions. Photoluminescence study of the title compounds and Ba2LaSbO6 was carried out upon doping with 2 atom% Eu3+ ion, which confirmed that Eu3+ occupies distorted 12‐coordinated A‐site in BaLaMSbO6 (M=Mg, Ca) and symmetrical octahedral B‐site in Ba2LaSbO6. Furthermore, the emission spectrum corresponding to each Eu3+ ion at different crystal site was successfully isolated through a TRES study. This site selective occupancy of Eu3+ ion also has a direct impact on the light emission, which was found to change from orange to red in a dark room in the order Ba2LaSbO6 : Eu→BaLaCaSbO6 : Eu→BaLaMgSbO6 : Eu. Such an outcome will have high impact in designing new commercial Eu3+ ion doped phosphor materials and tailoring of their optical properties.
The use of hair as a long‐term indicator of low‐dose β2 agonist treatments in cattle: Implications for growth‐promoting purposes monitoring
Authors: Liu Jia , Tang Chaohua , Long Ruijun , Zhang Kai , Han Yunsheng , Zhao Qingyu , Wang Hongliang , Zhao Fuzhong , Meng Qingshi , Zhang Junmin 
Published: November 2018

AbstractThe objective of this study was to assess the feasibility of using hair as a long‐term indicator of cocktail (low‐dose β2 agonists) treatments in cattle. Six male Simmental cattle were treated with a mixture of low‐dose clenbuterol, ractopamine, and salbutamol at dosages of 5.3, 223.3, and 50.0 μg/kg, respectively. The trial lasted for 112 days and included 28 days of treatment and 84 days of withdrawal. Plasma and urine samples taken during the treatment period contained the highest residues, with maximum concentrations of clenbuterol, ractopamine, and salbutamol in plasma of 1.49 ng/mL (Day 21), 43.78 (Day 14) ng/mL, and 8.07 ng/mL (Day 7), respectively, and in urine of 62.40 ng/mL (Day 28), 3995.77 ng/mL (Day 28), and 503.72 ng/mL (Day 1), respectively. On day 42 of withdrawal, the residues of all three β2 agonists in plasma were below the limit of quantification (LOQ; 0.3 ng/mL for clenbuterol, and 0.5 ng/mL for ractopamine and salbutamol), and in urine samples were below or near the LOQ (the highest being ractopamine at 1.10 ng/mL). The highest concentrations of clenbuterol, ractopamine, and salbutamol in hair were 88.36, 1351.92, and 100.58 ng/g, respectively, on day 14 of withdrawal; and the residues were long‐lasting, with 7.64, 28.55, and 8.77 ng/g, respectively, on day 84 of withdrawal. The results of this study demonstrate that hair could be utilized as a long‐term indicator of the use of a combination of low‐dose β2 agonists in cattle, which could have implications for growth‐promoting purposes monitoring.