bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Evaluation of Breakthrough Time Of Selected Chemical Warfare Agents Through Protection Materials Under Static Conditions Within the Interlaboratory Methods Comparison
Authors: Otřísal Pavel , Vošahlíková Iva , Weisheitelová Markéta , Slabotinsky Jiří , Obŝel Vladimír , Florus Stanislav 
Published: July 2018

Abstract
Based on long-term experiences cooperation between the Laboratory of Toxic Compounds at the National Institute for Nuclear, Chemical and Biological Protection and the Nuclear, Chemical and Biological Defence Institute of the University of Defence in Brno an interlaboratory double-sided comparison has been established in recent time. The interlaboratory comparison of methods is one of several quality management tools according to ČSN EN ISO/IEC 17 025:2005. In the Czech Republic a commercial available comparison system for breakthrough time determination of chemical warfare agents through protection material actually does not exist. In fact the methods are somewhat narrowly focused. Several procedures for evaluation of protection materials properties to drops and steams of soman or sulphur mustard under static conditions have been performed. Detection of chemical warfare agents has been realized by using suitable chromogenic indicator. This article summarises evaluation of the realised interlaboratory comparison
Selected Aspects of Cbrn Protection in Military Peace Support Operations
Authors: Pellowski Witalis , Żuber Marian , Smolarek Mirosław , Kugler Mikołaj 
Published: July 2018

Abstract
This paper presents the results of studies based on the analysis of field exercises organized for the purpose of disinfection of preventive sub-units regrouping from the areas threatened with endemic infectious diseases. The research also concerns the analysis of the possibility of conducting the liquidation of contamination in the conditions of access to the local infrastructure with the use of chemical weapons equipment and cooperation with the non-military system: police, fire brigade, emergency medical services and municipal guards. The method of preparation of the ozone chamber in field conditions is also presented
Synaesthesia in Chinese: A corpus-based study on gustatory adjectives in Mandarin
Authors: Zhao Qingqing , Huang Chu-Ren , Long Yunfei 
Published: July 2018

AbstractThis study adopted a corpus-based approach to examine the synaesthetic metaphors of gustatory adjectives in Mandarin. Based on the distribution of synaesthetic uses in the corpus, we found that: (1) the synaesthetic metaphors of Mandarin gustatory adjectives exhibited directionality; (2) the directionality of Mandarin synaesthetic gustatory adjectives showed both commonality and specificity when compared with the attested directionality of gustatory adjectives in English, which calls for a closer re-examination of the claim of cross-lingual universality of synaesthetic tendencies; and (3) the distribution and directionality of Mandarin synaesthetic gustatory adjectives could not be predicted by a single hypothesis, such as the embodiment-driven approach or the biological association-driven approach. Thus, linguistic synaesthesia was constrained by both the embodiment principle and the biological association mechanism.
Food-niche pattern of the Barn Owl(Tyto alba)in intensively cultivated agricultural landscape
Authors: Horváth Adrienn , Morvai Anita , Horváth Győző F. 
Published: July 2018

AbstractThis study investigated the dietary niche of the Barn Owl(Tyto alba)in an intensively farmed landscape, based on pellet samples from 12 nesting pairs containing 25 animal taxa and 1,994 prey items after the breeding season in 2016. Based on land use categories of the buffer area around each nest, three landscape types (agricultural, mosaic, urban) were considered, to analyse the diet composition and food-niche parameters. Niche breadth was calculated at the local and landscape level. Small mammals were the most frequent in the diet than other prey in each of the landscape types. The Common Vole(Microtus arvalis), considered to be an important agricultural pest was the most numerous prey in all landscape groups. The trophic niche of Barn Owl varied between 0.69 – 0.86 at the local level, and the overall value of niche breadth was significantly higher in the urban than in the other two landscape types. Our results showed that the increase of Common Vole frequency lead to a decrease in niche breadth; significantly negative relationship was detected between these parameters. Despite differences in niche breadth, similarly high niche overlaps were detected by the randomisation test in the three landscapes. Our results suggest that the diet composition of Barn Owls, mainly their food-niche pattern, reflected prey availability in the comparison of the studied landscapes, which pointed out that it is necessary to examine the dietary difference of Barn Owls at the finer scale of land use.
Exploratory analyses of migration timing and morphometrics of the Thrush Nightingale (Luscinia luscinia)
Authors: Csörgő Tibor , Fehérvári Péter , Karcza Zsolt , Ócsai Péter , Harnos Andrea 
Published: July 2018

Abstract
Ornithological studies often rely on long-term bird ringing data sets as sources of information. However, basic descriptive statistics of raw data are rarely provided. In order to fill this gap, here we present the seventh item of a series of exploratory analyses of migration timing and body size measurements of the most frequent Passerine species at a ringing station located in Central Hungary (1984–2017). First, we give a concise description of foreign ring recoveries of the Thrush Nightingale in relation to Hungary. We then shift focus to data of 1138 ringed and 547 recaptured individuals with 1557 recaptures (several years recaptures in 76 individuals) derived from the ringing station, where birds have been trapped, handled and ringed with standardized methodology since 1984. Timing is described through annual and daily capture and recapture frequencies and their descriptive statistics. We show annual mean arrival dates within the study period and present the cumulative distributions of first captures with stopover durations. We present the distributions of wing, third primary, tail length and body mass, and the annual means of these variables. Furthermore, we show the distributions of individual fat and muscle scores, and the distributions of body mass within each fat score category. We present data only for the autumn migratory period since there were only 27 spring captures in the study period. We distinguish the age groups (i.e. juveniles and adults) in the analyses. Our aim is to provide a comprehensive overview of the analysed variables. However, we do not aim to interpret the obtained results, merely to draw attention to interesting patterns that may be worth exploring in detail. Data used here are available upon request for further analyses.
Effect of Powder Recycling on the Fracture Behavior of Electron Beam Melted Alloy 718
Authors: Gruber H. , Karimi P. , Hryha E. , Nyborg L. 
Published: July 2018

Abstract
Understanding the effect of powder feedstock alterations during multicycle additive manufacturing on the quality of built components is crucial to meet the requirements on critical parts for aerospace engine applications. In this study, powder recycling of Alloy 718 during electron beam melting was studied to understand its influence on fracture behavior of Charpy impact test bars. High resolution scanning electron microscopy was employed for fracture surface analysis on test bars produced from virgin and recycled powder. For all investigated samples, an intergranular type of fracture, initiated by non-metallic phases and bonding defects, was typically observed in the regions close to or within the contour zone. The fracture mode in the bulk of the samples was mainly moderately ductile dimple fracture. The results show a clear correlation between powder degradation during multi-cycle powder reuse and the amount of damage relevant defects observed on the fracture surfaces. In particular, samples produced from recycled powder show a significant amount of aluminum-rich oxide defects, originating from aluminum-rich oxide particulates on the surface of the recycled powder.
Eigennamen als raumkonstituierende Elemente in der fantastischen Literatur: Stanisław LemsDzienniki Gwiazdowe
Authors: Fabian Anna 
Published: July 2018

SummaryThe essay deals with the role of proper names in the construction of literary spaces using the example of Stanisław Lem’s ‘The star diaries’. This is preceded by an overview of literary names in general and previous proposals on some classifications of literary names according to their structure and functionality. Based on Hans Krah’s thoughts on the aspects of spatial concepts in the literature, examples are shown of how literary names constitute the world space in ‘The star diaries’. The analysis makes quite clear, that this is achieved by an interaction of the different features and functions of literary names.
Research on Power Regulation Schedule Control System for Turboprop Engine
Authors: Xia Tianqian , Huang Xianghua 
Published: July 2018

Abstract
A method of variable speed control system for turboprop engine is presented in this paper. Firstly, the steady operation state of turboprop engine is analyzed, and the operating line is figured out in the steady state characteristic diagram, which is the design basis of Engine Thrust Management System (ETMS). Secondly, the reference model sliding mode multivariable control is used to design the control law to follow the speed instructions given by ETMS. Finally, the optimization of the minimum fuel consumption operating curve is realized, and the control system designed is applied to a numerical model of a turboprop engine. The simulation results show that compared with the constant speed control system, the variable speed control system can reduce the specific fuel consumption by 2.37 % on average and 3.1 % in steady state conditions. Furthermore, the method can enable the pilot to manipulate the turboprop aircraft by using only one throttle lever, which can greatly reduce the pilot operation burden.
Strongman Log Push Press: The Effect Log Diameter has on Force-Time Characteristics
Authors: Renals Lloyd , Lake Jason , Keogh Justin , Austin Kieran 
Published: July 2018

Abstract
Renals, L, Lake, J, Keogh, J, and Austin, K. Strongman log push press: The effect log diameter has on force-time characteristics. J Strength Cond Res 32(10): 2693–2700, 2018—Strongman training is becoming more common in strength and conditioning practices, particularly the log press. The existing literature analyzes force characteristics of the log clean and jerk or press compared with the weightlifting clean and jerk exercise. This investigation aims to explore the braking and propulsive phase performance characteristics of the push press with a barbell and strongman logs of different sizes. Ten experienced athletes volunteered to perform the push press exercise using 65% of their 1 repetition maximum using a small-diameter log, a large-diameter log, and a barbell. Analysis of variance showed a significant difference in all mean braking and propulsive characteristics (force, velocity, power, impulse, and displacement) between the barbell and both logs but there was no difference in lift duration. Comparison between both logs showed that the small log had significantly greater power (6%, p = 0.01), velocity (2%, p = 0.01), impulse (5%, p = 0.03), and force (3%, p = 0.01) but no difference in center of mass displacement or lift duration. In addition, propulsive phase when using the barbell was 4.4 times greater in force, 2.2 times in impulse, 1.8 times in velocity, and 2.3 times in power, and this was greater when compared with the larger diameter log. The athletes achieved larger propulsive outputs with a barbell over a log in the push press exercise in addition to showing a higher mechanical demand with a log that increases the larger log diameter, which may mean that the athlete needs to adapt loads when looking to optimize training parameters.
Influence of Constant Torque Stretching at Different Stretching Intensities on Flexibility and Mechanical Properties of Plantar Flexors
Authors: Oba Kensuke , Samukawa Mina , Nakamura Kentaro , Mikami Kentaro , Suzumori Yuki , Ishida Yuko , Keeler Nathalie , Saitoh Hiroshi , Yamanaka Masanori , Tohyama Harukazu 
Published: July 2018

Abstract
Oba, K, Samukawa, M, Nakamura, K, Mikami, K, Suzumori, Y, Ishida, Y, Keeler, N, Saitoh, H, Yamanaka, M, and Tohyama, H. Influence of constant torque stretching at different stretching intensities on flexibility and mechanical properties of plantar flexors. J Strength Cond Res 35(3): 709–714, 2021—The purpose of this study was to examine the effects of constant torque stretching (CTS) at different stretching intensities on the maximal range of motion (ROM) and muscle-tendon unit (MTU) stiffness of plantar flexors. Fourteen healthy men performed 4 trials of differing stretch intensities: no stretching (control), 50, 75, and 100%. Stretch intensity was defined as maximum passive resistive torque predetermined at a familiarization trial. Each stretch trial consisted of 5 sets of 60-second CTS at the designated stretch intensity. Both maximal ROM and passive resistive torque were assessed during passive dorsiflexion, and MTU stiffness was calculated using the torque-angle curves measured before and after CTS. There were no significant differences in maximal ROM or MTU stiffness at the baseline condition. After the intervention, significantly greater maximal ROM and significantly lower MTU stiffness were observed in the 100% CTS condition than the control condition, whereas there were no significant differences between the submaximal intensity condition (i.e., 50 or 75% intensity) and the control condition. Therefore, our findings suggest that maximal intensity stretching is the most effective approach for improving both flexibility and MTU stiffness with CTS.
Drinking or Smoking While Breastfeeding and Later Cognition in Children
Authors: Gibson Louisa , Porter Melanie 
Published: July 2018

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES:Although prenatal alcohol and nicotine exposure are associated with reduced cognition in children, associations between consumption of alcohol during lactation and cognition have not been examined. We aimed to examine whether drinking or smoking while breastfeeding lowers children’s cognitive scores. We hypothesized that increased drinking or smoking would be associated with dose-dependent cognitive reductions.METHODS:Data were sourced from Growing Up in Australia: The Longitudinal Study of Australian Children. Participants were 5107 Australian infants recruited in 2004 and assessed every 2 years. Multivariable linear regression analyses assessed relationships between drinking and smoking habits of breastfeeding mothers and children’s Matrix Reasoning, Peabody Picture Vocabulary Test–Third Edition and Who Am I? scores at later waves.RESULTS:Increased or riskier wave 1 maternal alcohol consumption was associated with reductions in Matrix Reasoning scores at age 6 to 7 years in children who had been breastfed (B = −0.11; SE = 0.03; 95% confidence interval: −0.18 to −0.04; P = .01). This relationship was not evident in infants who had never breastfed (B = −0.02; SE = 0.10; 95% confidence interval = −0.20 to 0.17; P = .87). Smoking during lactation was not associated with any outcome variable.CONCLUSIONS:Exposing infants to alcohol through breastmilk may cause dose-dependent reductions in their cognitive abilities. This reduction was observed at age 6 to 7 years but was not sustained at age 10 to 11 years. Although the relationship is small, it may be clinically significant when mothers consume alcohol regularly or binge drink. Further analyses will assess relationships between alcohol consumption or tobacco smoking during lactation and academic, developmental, physical, and behavioral outcomes in children.
Transitory effects of personality on employee turnover
Authors: Bartolec Igor 
Published: July 2018

Purpose – examining transitory effects of extraversion and openness to experience on employee turnover.
Design/Method/Approach. Fully observed recursive mixed process model.
Findings. Results show that (i) extraversion positively predicts turnover and that (ii) openness does not predict turnover. Moreover, comparing size effects between studies reveals that only extraversion has significantly more positive effect on employee turnover, which is in contradiction with previous meta-analysis.
Theoretical implications. This research identifies a plausible boundary condition – national culture – in examining how a person’s personality impact employee turnover in organizations. It highlights the shortcomings of previous meta-analysis that failed to incorporate differences in societal values and business contexts and identifies.
Practical implications. In studying cultural contexts and value congruencies, this study contributes to the international human resources literature by identifying boundary conditions that explain how personality impacts employee turnover.
Originality/Value. This study is the first to analyze the effects of personality on turnover using a within-individual unfolding and holistic model.
Research limitations/Future research. The current study incorporates only a sample from a single country. Future research that analyzes the moderating effects of societal and business values in cross-national samples could corroborate and extend on the findings from this study.
Paper type – empirical.
Process innovation: requirements and opportunities
Authors: Köhne H.-L. , Sawyer A. 
Published: July 2018

Purpose. The purpose is to assemble the list of the most important requirements and opportunities of process innovation through the analysis of the main and most recent scholarly developments related to the study of process innovation.
Design/Method/Approach. Systematic literature review.
Theoretical implications. In outlining the requirements and opportunities of process innovation, this article builds a foundation for understanding process innovation and an introduction to terms and ideas related to process innovation. From such foundation, scholars can further develop the study of process innovation and the understanding of the main factors that contribute to its success.
Practical implication. Process innovation is linked to a high failure rate (between 50% - 80%), which acts as a deterrent for many managers and companies. Through understanding the requirements and opportunities of process innovation, managers can intelligently decide whether it is best for their company to pursue or avoid process innovation.
Originality/Value. Articles have shared, in small parts, the requirements and opportunities of process innovation, but this article is original due its listing of the most important requirements and opportunities of process innovation.
Research limitations/Future research. This article shares the requirements and opportunities of process innovation, but it does not rank or list either the requirements or opportunities based on their importance to process innovation. Additionally, this article does not quantitatively assess the requirements and opportunities importance to process innovation. Future research can rank the requirements and opportunities of process innovation based on their contribution to the success and/or failure of process innovation within a firm or an industry.
Paper type – conceptual.
Aplikasi pupuk organik limbah rumah potong hewan untuk meningkatkan kesuburan tanah dan produktivitas padi
Authors: Suhardjadinata Suhardjadinata , Pangesti Dwi , Tedjaningsih Tenten 
Published: July 2018

Limbah Rumah Potong Hewan (RPH) berpotensi digunakan sebagai pupuk organik. Teknologi yang dapat direkomendasikan untuk pemanfaatan limbah Rumah Potong Hewan adalah pengomposan. Penelitian bertujuan untuk mengkaji pengaruh pupuk organik limbah RPH terhadap kesuburan tanah dan produktivitas padi. Penelitian dilaksanakan di kebun percobaan Fakultas Pertanian Universitas Siliwangi Tasikmalaya dari Mei sampai September 2017. Percobaan menggunakan Rancangan acak kelompok 10 taraf perlakuan diulang 3 kali. Perlakuan kombinasi dosis N,P, K dan pupuk organik (PO), yaitu: A= Dosis N,P,K; B= dosis N,P,K + 2,5 t ha-1 PO; C=Dosis N,P,K + 5 t ha-1 PO; D= Dosis N,P,K + 7,5 t ha-1 PO; E= ¾ dosis N,P,K + 2,5 t ha-1 PO; F= ¾ dosis N,P,K + 5,0 t ha-1 PO; G= ¾ dosis N,P,K + 7,5 t ha-1 PO; H= ½ dosis N,P,K + 2,5 t ha-1 PO; I= ½ dosis N,P,K + 5,0 t ha-1 PO; J= ½ dosis N,P,K + 7,5 t ha-1 PO. Dosis rekomendasi N, P dan K: urea 300 kg ha-1, SP 36 150 kg ha-1, dan KCl 100 kg ha-1. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa aplikasi pupuk organik 2,5 t ha-1 dan ¾ dosis N, P dan K menghasilkan gabah lebih tinggi dan meningkatkan kesuburan tanah. Slaughterhouse waste is potential to be used as organic fertilizer. The technology recommended for the usage of slaughterhouse waste is composting. This research was aimed to study effect of organic fertilizer slaughterhouse waste on soil fertility and rice productivity. The research was conducted in the experiment site of Agricultural Faculty, Universitas Siliwangi Tasikmalaya from May to September 2017. Randomized block design was used with ten level treatments and replicated three times. The treatment was combination dosage N,P, K and organic fertilizer (OF), namely : A= (N,P,K recommendation dose), B= (N,P,K dose + 2.5 t ha-1 OF), C= (N,P,K dose + 5 t ha-1 OF), D= (N,P,K dose + 7.5 t ha-1 OF), E= (3/4 dose of N,P,K + 2.5 t ha-1 OF), F= (3/4 dose of N,P,K + 5 t ha-1 OF), G= (3/4 dose of N,P,K + 7.5 t ha-1 OF), H=(1/2 dose of N,P,K + 2.5 t ha-1 OF), I= (1/2 dose of N,P,K + 5 t ha-1 OF), J= ( ½ dose of N,P,K + 7.5 t ha-1 OF). The recommendation dose of N, P and K, respectively: urea 300 kg ha-1, SP 36 150 kg ha-1, and KCl 100 kg ha-1. The results showed application organic fertilizer 2,5 t ha-1 dan ¾ dose of N, P, K fertilizer increased yields grain higher and improve soil fertility.
Okuma Çemberleri: Niçin ve Nasıl? Örnek Bir Uygulama
Authors: DOĞAN Birsen , YILDIRIM Kasım , ÇERMİK Hülya , ATEŞ Seyit 
Published: July 2018

Okuma çemberleri, aynı öykü, şiir ya da kitabı okumak için bir araya gelen öğrencilerin oluşturdukları gruplardır. Bu gruplarda öğrenciler, okuduklarını tartışmakta ve paylaşmaktadırlar. Gruplarda üstlendikleri rollerin gereği olarak öğrenciler, okuma çemberlerinde pek çok etkinlik yapmaktadırlar. Bu roller, temel ve seçimlik roller olmak üzere iki grupta toplanabilir. Temel roller, sorgulayıcı, bağ kurucu, okuma aydınlatıcısı, ressamdır. Seçimlik roller ise özetleyici, sözcük avcısı, hareket izcisi, karakter çözümleyici ve tahmin edici gibi rollerdir. Her öğrenci bir rol almak zorundadır. Rollerin gereği olarak yapılan işler, öğrencilerin bilişsel, duyuşsal ve sosyal yönlerinin gelişimini sağlamaktadır. Yapılan her okuma çemberinde öğrenciler ve roller farklılaşmaktadır. Böylece farklı rolleri deneyimleyen öğrenciler okuma çalışmalarından üst düzeyde verim elde edebilmektedirler. Okuma çemberlerinin nasıl yürütüldüğüne ilişkin adım adım sunulan örnek bir uygulamanın, sınıflarında öğrenci merkezli yöntemleri kullanmak isteyen öğretmenlere katkılar sunması beklenmektedir.