bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Duration and dispersion of QT interval in patients with liver cirrhosis: diagnostic and prognostic value
Authors: Genkel V. V. , Pospelov V. N. , Kuznetsova A. S. , Smagina N. V. , Vedernikova E. O. , Ashmarina S. M. , Shaposhnik I. I. 
Published: February 2025

The data on the prognostic significance and relationship of the prolonged QT syndrome with the risk of cardiac rhythm disturbances in liver cirrhosis are contradictory. One of the directions of further research in this area is to study the significance of other electrocardiographic parameters reflecting ventricular repolarization disturbance in patients with liver cirrhosis. Aim of the study was to investigate diagnostic and prognostic value of electrocardiographic parameters reflecting changes in heart electrical systole and heterogeneity of ventricular repolarization in relation to the presence of terminal liver cirrhosis and development of adverse outcomes in patients with established diagnosis of liver cirrhosis. Material and methods. The study included 35 patients with an established diagnosis of liver cirrhosis and 20 comparison group individuals matched by gender (p = 0.550) and age (p = 0.376). The severity of liver cirrhosis was assessed using the MELD and Child-Turcotte-Pugh scales. All patients had ECG recorded and analyzed on a Poli-Spectrum-8/E electrocardiograph (Neurosoft LLC, Ivanovo). Results. Patients with liver cirrhosis had significantly longer QTc interval durations than those in the comparison group (458.0 [432.5; 482.7] and 418.5 [405.0; 432.0] ms, respectively) (median [25th percentile; 75th percentile]) and smaller absolute and relative to QT interval Tpeak-Tend interval values. The severity of liver cirrhosis, as determined by the MELD scale, was directly correlated with QTc (r = 0.355; p = 0.0396), QTd (r = 0.389; p = 0.0228) and QTcd (r = 0.382; p = 0.0257) interval duration. The follow-up period was 3.96 [1.50; 8.59] months. Death from cirrhosis-related causes was recorded in 12 (34.3 %) patients. Among the electrocardiographic parameters investigated, the addition of QTc interval duration to the MELD scale in the prognostic model made it possible to increase the model performance and achieve statistical significance (area under the curve 0.763 (95 % confidence interval 0.633–0.894), p = 0.0088). Conclusions. Patients with liver had higher QTc values than those in the comparison group and lower Tpeak-Tend, Tpeak-Tend/QT and Tpeak-Tend/QTc values. The severity of liver cirrhosis, as determined by the MELD scale, was associated with an increase in QTc, QTd and QTcd duration. Adding QTc interval duration to the MELD scale allowed for the increase in the performance of the all-cause mortality prediction model.
Treatment of knee joint osteoarthritis: improving outcomes by using a multidisciplinary approach
Authors: Nikolaev N. S. , Diomidova V. N. , Zhuravleva N. V. , Guryanova E. А. , Cherkesova I. V. 
Published: February 2025

Osteoarthritis is a common degenerative disease that causes pain and results in functional insufficiency of the joint, deterioration in the quality of life and its duration. Its treatment should be aimed at reducing pain, improving joints mobility and limiting functional disorders. A clinical case of total knee arthroplasty and multidisciplinary rehabilitation aimed at reducing pain, improving its function and quality of life is presented. Material and methods. A prospective analysis of the treatment and rehabilitation of a patient with the right knee joint osteoarthritis of the III radiological stage was carried out. The article presents the aspects of medical rehabilitation after knee arthroplasty in the settings of the Federal Center for Traumatology, Orthopedics and Endoprosthetics of Minzdrav of Russia, Cheboksary. Results. A year after the operation, movement in the right knee joint was fully restored, there is no pain syndrome. The patient leads an active lifestyle. Conclusions. Total knee arthroplasty improved patient’s quality of life and functioning. She has no pain syndrome when walking even long distances in a year after the surgery. A multidisciplinary approach to treatment has demonstrated substantial clinical benefits.
Psychosocial risk factors for cardiovascular diseases and sleep quality in an open urban population: gender aspect
Authors: Akimov A. M. , Gafarov V. V. , Akimova E. V. 
Published: February 2025

Introduction. Global trends in reducing cardiovascular mortality in the second decade of the 21st century, demonstratedin a number of studies, highlight another phenomenon - the increase in the prevalence of psychosocial risk factors for cardiovascular diseases associated with sleep quality, and in particular, such negative affective states as trait anxiety, depression and hostility. Aim of the study was to determine associations between the prevalence of psychosocial risk factors and sleep quality among women in an open urban population. Material and methods. A cross-sectional study with a response rate of 70.3% was conducted on a representative sample of women 25–64 years old in Tyumen (n = 1000). To determine the levels of trait anxiety, depression, hostility, and sleep quality, the standard WHO MONICA-MOPSY questionnaire was used. Results. The significant prevalence of negative affective states has been determined in the female population (more than 30 % of depression and more than 90 % of personal anxiety and hostility). Negative affective states in the female population prevailed in terms of high levels of personal anxiety and hostility. Age period 45–54 years among women in the open urban population was the most vulnerable category in relation to decreased sleep quality. In the presence of negative affective states, there were negative trends in sleep disturbance at high level of anxiety and depression, but an opposite positive trend – at high level of hostility. Conclusions. Analysis of the definition of negative affective states in the female population in the age range of 45–54 years, the associations of their high level with sleep quality seems necessary to use in the formation of a preventive program to reduce high cardiovascular risk in an open urban population, focused primarily on the regulation of psychological parameters.
Computed tomography chest findings in hospitalised COVID-19 patients presenting with pulmonary complications
Authors: Manyika Thembani , Mahomed Nasreen , Buthelezi Thandi 
Published: February 2025

Abstract

Background: Since COVID-19 became a global pandemic in 2020, Computed tomography (CT) chest and CT pulmonary angiography (CTPA) have been identified to be highly sensitive for identifying pulmonary features and complications.

Objectives: The study aimed to describe the typical imaging findings on CT chest imaging and the prevalence of pulmonary embolism in COVID-19 patients across three infection periods, each with a dominant virus strain, Beta, Delta, and Omicron variants.

Methods: A retrospective review of CT chest and CTPA images for adult patients imaged from October 2020 to March 2022 at three university-affiliated hospitals in Johannesburg was undertaken.

Results: A total of 307 chest CT scans were reviewed during the study period. The typical imaging findings were ground glass opacities (77%), patchy, peripheral distribution (59%), and septal thickening (59%). Consolidation, pleural effusion, and fibrosis were less frequently visualised. The overall prevalence of pulmonary embolism was 32%. There was no significant statistical difference in the observed imaging features during the three virus strain phases of the epidemic. Fewer imaging studies were done during the Omicron phase, which is attributable to the milder clinical profile of the variant.

Conclusion: The typical imaging pattern for patients with COVID-19 was peripheral, patchy ground glass opacities with interlobar septal thickening. Fibrotic banding and bronchiectasis were also frequently noted, especially when imaged late. Pulmonary embolism was found in almost a third of patients. No differences in imaging patterns were found during the various phases of the COVID-19 epidemic.
Pemberdayaan Kader Posyandu Desa Darsono Via Pelatihan Literasi Stunting dan Gizi Tumbuh Kembang Anak
Authors: Tejasari Tejasari , Rohmawati Ninna 
Published: February 2025

(1)Latar belakang : bagi kader posyandu, pelatihan literasi stunting dan gizi tumbuh kembang anak sangat membantu dalam pendampingan keluarga stunting, sebagai upaya penurunan prevalensi stunting yang masih tinggi (17%) di Desa Darsono Kabupaten Jember. Mengingat tingkat pendidikan sebagian besar kader hanya tamat sekolah dasar dan minim pengetahuan pagan, gizi, dan kesehatan, maka pelatihan tersebut menjadi penting untuk akselerasi penurunan prevalensi stunting. (2)Metode: semua kader posyandu yang terdaftar di puskesmas Arjasa menjadi peserta pelatihan satu hari, di balai desa. Capaian kelulusan disajikan secara descriptive kuantitatif mengacu standar nilai kelulusan ≥60 poin. Adapun, capaian pelatihan dievaluasi berdasarkan pembandingan nilai pre test dan post test, secara statistic dengan uji beda T. Tujuan kegiatan yaitu sejumlah 90 persen kader posyandu mengikuti seluruh sesi pelatihan, dan sebanyak 70 persen lulus pelatihan. (3)Hasil : Sebelum pelatihan, rerata nilai pengetahuan stunting dan gizi tumbuh kembang anak yang dimiliki kader posyandu sebesar 44, namun meningkat setelah pelatihan menjadi bernilai 71. Hasil analisis uji beda T menunjukkan bahwa pelatihan meningkatkan secara nyata pengetahuan kader posyandu tentang stunting dan gizi tumbuh kembang anak (nilai sig., 2-tailed=0.000 < P =0.05 ). (4)Kesimpulan: Semua kader posyandu mengikuti sesi pelatihan secara penuh dan 90 persen-nya lulus pelatihan dengan selang capaian nilai 60-95.

Kata Kunci: literasi stunting, gizi tumbuh kembang, kader posyandu, MP-ASI , ASI eksklusif
Pelatihan Pemantauan Jentik bagi Santri di Pondok Pesantren Burhanul Hidayah
Authors: Wikurendra Edza Aria , Syafiuddin Achmad , Fasya Abdul Hakim Zakkiy , Masithah Dewi 
Published: February 2025

Kondisi geografis dan padatnya hunian rumah terutama di pesantren menjadi faktor risiko terjadinya demam berdarah dengue. Selain itu kebiasaan sebagian santri yang suka buang sampah disembarangan tempat membuat munculnya genangan air pada barang-barang bekas dan menjadi tempat biakan nyamuk. Upaya penanggulangan yang dilakukan pemerintah dinilai belum cukup untuk memberantas dan menanggulangi demam berdarah dengue. Pondok Pesantren Burhanul Hidayah sebagai wilayah mitra pengabdian masyarakat ini. Demam berdarah dengue di Kabupaten Sidoarjo masih menjadi masalah serius karena merupakan salah satu kabupaten yang cukup tinggi kasus demam berdarah dengue di Jawa Timur pada Tahun 2020. Kegiatan pengabdian kepada masyarakat ini memberikan kontribusi dalam pemahaman lebih lanjut tentang penyakit demam berdarah dan teknis pemantauan jentik. Pengabdian masyarakat dilaksanakan dalam bentuk sosialisasi dan pelatihan dalam mendukung eliminiasi kasus demam berdarah di Kabupaten Sidoarjo. Peserta penyuluhan pengabdian kepada masyarakat sebanyak 13 santri dari 15 yang mengisi uji pre-test kemudian setelah dilakukan sosialisasi dan pelatihan terkait penyakit demam berdarah dan teknis pemantauan jentik terdapat kenaikan sebesar 100% atau seluruh santri berhasil meningkatkan hasil post-testnya. Pelatihan ini memberikan manfaat yang signifikan guna mengurangi kasus demam berdarah di lingkungan Pondok Pesantren Burhanul Hidayah.
Sharia-Based Innovation Performance: The Role of Dynamic Technological Agility and Entrepreneurial Orientation
Authors: Mubarok Muhammad Husni , Martini Tina 
Published: February 2025

<p>This study aims to analyze the relationship between dynamic technological agility based on entrepreneur orientation and network resources towards sharia-based innovation performance and competitive advantage in small medium enterprises of Muslim fashion. Specifically, this study argues that dynamic technological agility moderates the relationship between entrepreneur orientation and network resources with sharia-based innovation performance and competitive advantage. Managers and owners of small medium enterprises at Muslim fashion were chosen as the primary focus of this study. 200 questionnaires were distributed managers and owners of small medium enterprises at Muslim fashion. Following the analysis of data from 163 managers and owners of small medium enterprises at Muslim fashion, empirical testing shows that the entrepreneur orientation and the network resources influences the dynamic technological agility and has a strong correlation. This research finds that dynamic technological agility has a significant impact on sharia-based innovation performance. Meanwhile, the dynamic technological agility and the sharia-based innovation performance influences the competitive advantage. </p>
SHARIA SUPERVISORY BOARD, BOARD ATTRIBUTES AND REAL EARNINGS MANAGEMENT IN ISLAMIC BANKS
Authors: Musa Sulaiman , Haji Masri Masairol , Haji Hamdan Mahani 
Published: February 2025

This study examines how the Sharia Supervisory Board (SSB) moderates the effects of Board of Directors (BOD) characteristics on real earnings management (REM) of Islamic banks. Using unbalanced data encompassing 45 Islamic banks across 15 countries from 2012 to 2023, it documents a negatively significant influence of board size, independence, and expertise on REM. The influence of board's diligence, however, is absent. The study further notes that the SSB index moderates the effect of BOD attributes on REM in Islamic banks. The findings hold important implications for policymakers and regulators in shaping regulations on SSB and BOD oversight functions to curb REM practices. The study also contributes to the literature by offering further empirical evidence on the relationship between corporate governance and REM in Islamic banks.
Magnetic Resonance Imaging-Determined Tumor Contact Area to predict Pathological Extra Prostatic Extension in Clinical T2 Prostate Cancer.
Authors: Tsujimoto Masashi , Inoue Yuta , Taga Hideto , Saito Yumiko , Kaneko Masatomo , Miyashita Masatsugu , Yamada Takeshi , Yamada Yasuhiro , Ueda Takashi , Fujihara Atsuko , Shiraishi Takumi , Okumi Masayoshi , Hongo Fumiya , Konishi Eiichi , Yamada Kaori , Yamada Kei , Ukimura Osamu 
Published: February 2025

Abstract

Objectives: To assess the valuability of MRI-determined tumor contact area as a predictive factor of pathological extraprostatic extension in cT2N0M0 prostate cancer.
Methods: Seventy-two cT2N0M0 prostate cancer patients were retrospectively analyzed who received multiparametric MRI followed by robot-assisted laparoscopic prostatectomy as a primary treatment between February 2014 and April 2021. Patients were excluded whose index lesion did not match between MRI and pathological specimen. MRI-determined tumor contact area was approximated as an ellipse shape, and calculated by two different formula: MRI-TCA1 was calculated using both tumor contact length in axial plane and longer tumor contact length in sagittal or coronal plane. MRI-TCA2 was calculated using tumor contact length in axial plane and tumor thickness in volume data.
Results: Sixteen patients were pathologically extraprostatic extension positive. Age, initial PSA, preoperative T classification, Gleason score and resection margin status were no significance between extraprostatic extension positive and negative. MRI-determined tumor contact length, MRI-TCA1 and MRI-TCA2 were significantly greater in extraprostatic extension positive than in negative (p<0.0001, p<0.0001 and p=0.0026, respectively).
Conclusions: MRI-determined tumor contact area was clinically available parameter to predict extraprostatic extension in cT2N0M0 prostate cancer.
Disclosure of Direct and Witnessed Police Stops Among Black Youth in Baltimore City, Maryland: Implications for Post-Traumatic Stress Symptoms
Authors: Jackson Dylan B. , Fix Rebecca L. , Testa Alexander , Webb Lindsey , Clary Laura K. , Mendelson Tamar , Turney Kristin 
Published: February 2025

Abstract

Youth-police contact is increasingly acknowledged as a stressor and a racialized adverse childhood experience that can undermine youths' mental health. There is limited empirical research, however, on youths' disclosure of police stops to trusted others and how disclosure might mitigate adverse mental health responses to police stops. The present study examines patterns of disclosure following direct and witnessed police stops and their implications for post-traumatic stress among a diverse sample of Black youth. Data come from the Survey of Police-Adolescent Contact Experiences (SPACE), a cross-sectional survey of a community-based sample of Black youth ages 12–21 in Baltimore City, Maryland (n = 341), administered from August 2022 to July 2023. Logistic and negative binomial regression methods were employed to examine key predictors of disclosure and associations between disclosure to recipients (e.g., family members, friends, non-familial adults) and police-initiated post-traumatic stress symptoms (PI-PTSS) following memorable stops. Results reveal most youth disclosed direct (65.18%) and witnessed (53.59%) stops. Still, in multivariable models, older youth, lesbian/gay and bisexual youth, and children of immigrant parents were less likely to disclose direct (but not witnessed) stops. Disclosure to a wider range of individuals—and to family members specifically—was associated with reduced PI-PTSS stemming from direct stops, whereas disclosure to non-familial adults (e.g., teachers, counselors) was associated with reduced PI-PTSS stemming from witnessed stops. Overall, our findings suggest inequities in Black youths’ disclosure of police stops (e.g., lower odds among LGBQ youth experiencing direct stops), and that disclosure is generally associated with fewer trauma symptoms.
Microbial Succession During Box and Heap Fermentation of Cocoa Beans (Theobroma Cocoa)-impacts on Nutrients and Chocolate Quality
Authors: Ojimelukwe Philippa C 
Published: February 2025

Abstract

Cocoa beans (a mixture of 3 varieties) were subjected to heap and box fermentation processes, sun-dried and used to produce chocolate which was compared with chocolate from unfermented cocoa beans. The succession of microorganisms was determined during fermentation. Proximate composition, and phenolic content of samples and the sensory properties of produced chocolate samples were also determined. Bacterial count in both box and heap fermentations decreased with fermentation period. The temperature of the fermenting cocoa beans increased with fermentation period. pH reduced by the 4th day and later increased until day 8.Yeasts and Bacillus species dominated the fermenting mass initially. After 24 h Lactic Acid bacteria emerged, reached their peak at 72 h and decreased significantly after 96 h. Fermentation decreased the fat content by 16.5%, carbohydrate (20.5%), ash (9.3%) and crude fibre content (by 37.4%) but increased the protein content of the samples by 60.3%. Total increase in temperature was 6oC during the 8-day fermentation period. Yeasts, acetic acid bacteria, Bacillus species and lactic acid bacteria were the most predominant organisms responsible for the fermentations. Acetic acid bacteria played a greater role in heap fermentation, than in box fermentation. The fungal count in the box fermentation reduced from the 2nd day to the 4th day (1.47 for day 2, 0.47 for day 4). Fermented cocoa beans dried faster than the unfermented ones. Fermentation decreased the total phenol content (4.59-2.68 mg/g) and increased pH towards alkalinity (pH 5-33- 6.68). Chocolate produced from fermented cocoa beans was more acceptable to consumers than the unfermented sample in terms of sensory properties. Chocolate samples from heap fermentation were more astringent than samples from box fermentation.
Hyper-Range Amorphization Unlocks Superior Damage Tolerance in Alloys
Authors: Li Ying , Du Jinliang , Guo Shukuan , Feng Hangqi , Changhong Changhong , Li Weijie , Wang Pei 
Published: February 2025

Abstract

Shear bands dictate the failure mechanisms of alloys across various strain rates and limits the damage tolerance of the alloy. While localized amorphization has the potential to mitigate shear effects, it has thus far been confined to the nanoscale. Here, we extend amorphization to the micrometer scale, fundamentally replacing shear-dominated failure in multi-principal element alloy micropillars. Instead of applying a single strain rate, we implement continuous compression strain training from low to high strain rates, generating a top-down high-density dislocation gradient that drives the formation of a topological lattice disorder network, extending over one-third of the micropillar height (hyper-range amorphization). Within the amorphous bands, atoms exhibit dynamic disorder, and the lattice rearranges and recovers dissipating shear stress. The alloy achieves an ultimate compressive strength of ceramic level (~6.5 GPa), while maintaining ~59.1% plasticity. This work reveals a strain engineering-based mechanical mechanism for extending amorphization, establishing it as a viable pathway to enhancing the structural stability and energy dissipation capacity of alloys.
On-Site Investigation and Diagnosis of Hazardous Street Section in Erbil Street Network
Authors: Abdulhakim Othman Salih kozapanky  
Published: February 2025

Accidents place a significant burden on the national economy due to their potential to cause disability, death, health issues, property damage, social distress, and environmental harm.
The current study seeks to investigate an accident prone location in Erbil Street Network "in Kurdistan region- Iraq" and implement the procedures outlined in the Highway Safety Improvement Program (HSIP). The process involves characterizing the accidents, diagnosing the issues, and assessing field conditions to identify the contributing factors. Based on this, countermeasures are suggested to significantly improve safety.
Factor analysis was employed to determine and rank the most influential factors contributing to the accidents. By addressing these significant factors with targeted measures, future accidents can be reduced.
Data analysis was conducted focusing on micro-level factors such as traffic characteristics, road user behavior, collision types, road and geometric features, street furniture, and environmental conditions.
The study involved characterizing accidents, diagnosing field conditions, identifying contributory factors, and recommending countermeasures to substantially enhance safety.
Through the analysis of the collected accident data, it is shown that run over (pedestrian accidents) is the dominant type and happened at morning and afternoon peak hours. It contribute to vehicles speed which generally exceeded the average speed for the link.
The output of the diagnosis phase is a set of applicable countermeasures for the accident prone location and the degree of confidence in each countermeasure.
This research will assist transportation designers in understanding accident causes and implementing appropriate measures during road construction planning and for existing conditions. It provides a framework for reducing accidents both in the short term and over the long term.
The Effect of the Density of Square-Free ωp-numbers on the Bounds of Beurling Counting Function
Authors: Al-Ebrahimy Sarah , F. Mohommed Eman 
Published: February 2025

Primitive weird numbers are weird numbers which are not a multiple of any smaller weird numbers. The goal of this work is to use a square-free primitive weird number x=ab where b be an increasing sequence of prime numbers such that q1 is greater than ∏_(j=1)^r▒〖(q ̅_j+1)〗 and a=∏_(j=1)^r▒q ̅_j and a is deficient number with n greater than 1, to enhancing the classic bounds of Beurling counting function on Riemann Hypothesis.