bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The Effect of Phosphorus32, Dextran, Reserpine and Stypturon on Thrombus Formation in Rats
Authors: Ashwin J. G , Jaques L. B 
Published: June 2018

SummaryThe effect of the radioisotope P32, hydrolysed dextran, reserpine, stypturon on thrombus formation was determined by injecting these substances into rats before a standardized operation on the jugular vein. 5 hours after the operation 65% of control animals showed a thrombus. 10 days after intravenous injection of 2, 3, or 4 µC/g, the incidence of thrombosis was lowered in direct relation with the reduced platelet counts varying from 65% incidence for counts above 200 000/mm3 to 0% incidence for counts less than 38 000/mm3. Animals injected with dextran, 2 hours, or reserpine, 48 hours before the operation had an incidence of thrombosis of 48% (P <0.01). The incidence of thrombosis was not significantly lowered by mecholyl, producing a hypotension similar to that after dextran, nor by stypturon. The importance of the method for the quantitative evaluation of substances having an effect on thrombus formation is emphasized.
Ultrastructure of Prothrombin and Thrombin Molecules
Authors: Riddle Jeanne M. , Bernstein Maurice H. , Seegers Walter H. 
Published: June 2018

SummaryA technic is described for obtaining shadowcast preparations of bovine prothrombin and thrombin molecules. Three products of prothrombin were investigated. Nonchromatographed prothrombin and prothrombin chromatographed on Amberlite IRC-50 were homogeneous and similar in appearance. The mean particle height of IRC-50 prothrombin was less than that of nonchromatographed prothrombin. In contrast, DEAE cellulose prothrombin products were heterogeneous, approximately Vs larger and of a more spherical molecular configuration. The mean particle height of each type of prothrombin preparation was significantly different from the other. Chromatographic procedures rather than increasing the specific activity of prothrombin products were detrimental to the molecule and produced measurable chemical, functional, and morphological modifications.Three thrombin products were also surveyed. In each case the molecules were discrete particles and had a smaller mean particle height than prothrombin. On the basis of the t test, there were no significant differences between the mean particle heights of IRC-50 thrombin, urea treated thrombin and citrate IRC-50 thrombin. There was no indication of dimer or trimer configurations in the thrombin preparations.
Behaviour of Factors II, VII, IX, and X during Long-Term Treatment with Coumarin
Authors: Loeliger E. A , van der Esch B , Mattern M. J , den Brabander A. S. A 
Published: June 2018

SummaryDuring long-term treatment with the long-acting coumarin derivative phenprocoumarol (marcoumar) no statistically significant difference in the depression of the activity of coagulation factors II, VII, IX, and X was found. The shorter-acting anticoagulants acenocoumarol (sintrom), warfarin sodium (coumadin), and dicoumarol, possibly lower factor IX somewhat less and factor X somewhat more than they do factors II and VII.A 2.5-fold prolongation of the “prothrombin” time (using Owren 5 s human brain thromboplastin) and the same prolongation of the thrombotest time appear to correspond with a depression of all four factors from 100% down to approximately 20’%, the normal standard being a mixed population with a mean age of 29 years.Separate determination of one of the four coagulation factors concerned is pointless; “prothrombin” time estimation, and more specifically thrombotest, still remain the most reliable methods for controlling the anti-vitamin K action of anticoagulants during long-term treatment.
The Streptokinase Reactivity Test. I. Standardization
Authors: Amery A , Maes H , Vermylen J , Verstraete M 
Published: June 2018

Summary1. An attempt was made to standardize a method which determines the reactivity of a given blood sample with streptokinase (SKRT).2. The nature of the thrombin and streptokinase used can greatly influence the test.3. The 20 minutes value is less influenced by a number of parameters than other points on the streptokinase versus lysis time plot.
Release of a Platelet-Aggregating Substance (Adenosine Diphosphate) from Rabbit Blood Platelets Induced by Saline “Extract” of Tendons
Authors: Hovig Torstein 
Published: June 2018

Summary1. Blood platelet aggregation was induced by addition of saline “extract” of tendons to citrated PRP (aggregation time 50—60 seconds). The aggregates were sedimented by centrifugation, and aggregating activity was demonstrated in the supernatant (termed supernat. A) with an aggregation time of about 15 seconds.2. It was demonstrated that the activity of the supernatant was due to ADP released from the platelets.3. The conclusion is drawn that the aggregation reaction initiated by the tendon “extract” can be divided into two steps: 1. release of ADP from the platelets, 2. aggregation caused by released ADP.4. The observations are discussed in relation to the formation of platelet plugs in vivo.
Experimentelle Beiträge zur Bestimmung der Leistungsfähigkeit gerinnungsphysiologischer Untersuchungsmethoden
Authors: Berghoff A , Glatzel H 
Published: June 2018

Zusammenfassung1. Zwei verschiedene Streptokinase-(SK)Präparate (Streptase-Behringwerke und Varidase-Lederle) werden im Caseinspaltungstest bezüglich ihrer das pro- fibrinolytische System aktivierenden Eigenschaften geprüft und die optimalen SK-Konzentrationen beider Präparate für diesen Test ermittelt. Bei einer erreichbaren proteolytisch-fibrinoly tischen Aktivität von 0,8 E pro ml Globulinfraktion betragen sie für Streptase ca. 93 E SK und für Varidase ca. 125 E SK pro ml Globulinfraktion. Zusätzliche Anwendung von 125 E SK (Varidase) bzw. 155 E SK (Streptase) pro ml Euglobulinfraktion führen zu einer ca. 20’°/oigen Hemmung des aktivierbaren proteolytisch-fibrinoly tischen Potentials.2. In Form der Euglobulinfraktion kann das profibrinolytische Potential aus Plasma bis zu 8 Wochen lang bei einer Temperatur von —25° bis —30° C gelagert werden, ohne eine nennenswerte Aktivitätsminderung zu erfahren. In Zitratplasma unter den gleichen Bedingungen erleidet das Proaktivatoren-System (infolge Beeinflussung durch Inhibitoren oder durch den anschließenden Aufarbeitungsprozeß zu Globulinfraktionen) eine Aktivitätsminderung: Die ersten Phasen der Bildung des Aktivators laufen verzögert ab. Es wird an Hand der Befunde abgeleitet, daß die Kapazität des aktivierbaren Plasminogens bei der Lagerung unbeeinflußt bleibt.
Enhancing the Fibrinolytic Activity in Human Blood by Occlusion of Blood Vessels
Authors: Amery A , Vermylen J , Maes H , Verstraete M 
Published: June 2018

SummaryThe lytic activity was measured in blood obtained from a superficial elbow vein when a cuff with a known pressure was attached above the elbow and compared with the activity in the blood taken at the same moment from the control arm without any pressure.1. Using a pressure 20 mm above the systolic pressure, no enhancement could be obtained in the first 10 minutes.2. Using a diastolic or systolic pressure during 3 minutes, the fibrinolytic activity was about 2.8 times the activity in the control sample.3. Using a pressure halfway the diastolic and systolic, the fibrinolytic activity after 3 minutes was about 3.5 times, and after 10 minutes about 11 times the activity in the control sample.
Einsatz von »Aggregationshemmern« nach operativen Eingriffen am Herzen und arteriellen Gefäßsystem
Authors: Schöndorf T. H. 
Published: June 2018

ZusammenfassungDie Problematik der Thromboem-bolieprophylaxe nach operativen Eingriffen im arteriellen Gefäßsystem ist wegen ihrer Komplexität im Einzelfall nicht statistisch faßbar. Randomisierte Langzeitstudien können nur Entscheidungshilfen bei der individuellen Nut-zen-/Risikoabwägung sein. In diesem Sinne lassen die bisher vorliegenden Ergebnisse systematischer Untersuchungen vorläufig folgende Schlußfolgerungen zu:1. Bei Herzklappenprothesen kann durch eine Kombination der oralen Antikoagulantien mit Dipyridamol (DPD) oder auch mit Acetylsalicylsäure (ASS) die Prophylaxe gegen thromboembolische Komplikationen verbessert werden; ein alleiniger Einsatz von Plättcheninhibitoren ist nicht ausreichend.2. Die Rethrombosierang von aorto-koronaren Venenbypässen wird weder durch eine Langzeitverabreichung von oralen Antikoagulantien noch Plättcheninhibitoren entscheidend beeinflußt; venöse Thrombo-embolien gefährden die Patienten während der frühen postoperativen Phase.3. a) Nach gefäßchirurgischen Eingriffen im aortoiliakalen Bereich verbessert weder der Einsatz von Antikoagulantien noch von Plättcheninhibitoren eindeutig die Operationsergebnisse; primäres Ziel ist, die Progredienz der allgemeinen Gefäßsklerose zu behandeln.b) Bei femoropoplitealen Operationen ist nach der Implantation eines Venenbypass eine Dauerantikoagulation indiziert, während nach Thrombendarteriek-tomien (TEA) Plättcheninhibitoren wie die Kombination von Acetylsalicylsäure (ASS) und Dipyridamol (DPD) einen Behandlungserfolg versprechen lassen.4. Der prophylaktische Nutzen von Sulfinpyrazon oder Acetylsalicylsäure in niedriger Dosierung gegen Shuntthrombosen bei Hämodialy-sepatienten ist sehr gut belegt.5. Thromboembolien nach diagnostischen Kathetereingriffen lassen sich durch Antikoagulantien reduzieren, während der Einsatz von Plättcheninhibitoren keine Wirkung gezeigt hat.Nach dilatierenden Katheterbehandlungen können mit der Kombination von Acetylsalicylsäure und Dipyridamol Rezidiwerschlüsse in der Frühphase erfolgreich vermindert werden.
‘‘Close, and ye shall find’’: eye closure during thinking enhances creativity
Authors: Yonemitsu Fumiya , Sasaki Kyoshiro , Gobara Akihiko , Kosugi Koji , Yamada Yuki 
Published: June 2018

AbstractFacilitation of creative thinking is an important element for innovation. It has been suggested that cognitive resources are involved in creative thinking; however, little evidence of this involvement has been found. To address this issue, the present study focuses on eye closure, which saves more cognitive resources than open eyes. Forty participants experienced both close-eyed and open-eyed conditions, and all of them were asked to generate new names for rice and tea. The results revealed that in the close-eyed condition, participants generated 1.6-times more divergent (unrestricted and flexible) ideas than in the open-eyed condition, suggesting that closing eyes during thinking enhances creativity. Our findings provide empirical evidence for the necessity of cognitive resources in creative thinking.
Typology of title transformations in self-translations of Vladimir Nabokov’s short stories
Authors: Egorova Olga , Borovskaya Anna , Romanovskaya Olga , Bychkov Dmitriy , Spesivtseva Lyubov 
Published: June 2018

Abstract
This article is dedicated to the issue of the adequacy of self-translations of Vladimir Nabokov’s small forms of fiction. Different types of transformations of short-story titles in the creative work of the bilingual writer were chosen as the object of the research. The article is characterized by a multidisciplinary approach, uniting aspects of linguistic, literary and cultural studies in the investigation of the self-translation phenomenon, an approach that provides for scientifically-grounded conclusions. The authors of the paper build a typology of structural and semantic changes reflecting the features of Nabokov’s interpretations of his own texts. Contrastive comparative, structural, intertextual and cognitive methods were employed as the main research methods. This complex approach to text analysis used in the paper permits an expansion of the idea of the semantics and poetics of separate texts as well as a collection of stories as a whole. The authors pay special attention to investigation of the following types of correlation between the original title and its equivalent: semantic specification, semantic narrowing, semantic broadening and modulation. The authors note that Nabokov in many cases does not follow his own principles of “literality”. The specializing character of correlation between the original text and the translation is predetermined by the author’s aspiration to convey the exact sense and to emphasize separate connotative shades of meaning, while devices of modulation and semantic broadening perform the function of an author’s comment.
No language policy without translation policy
Authors: Meylaerts Reine , González Núñez Gabriel 
Published: June 2018

Abstract
A major challenge for authorities in the modern world is the linguistic integration of minorities. In this context, language
policies play a key role as authorities are increasingly faced with the challenge of adjusting their language policies in order to
secure the linguistic rights and thus the integration of their multilingual populations. In multilingual democracies, these
language policies must include choices about the use or non-use of translation. These choices, when they are systematic, become
policies of their own in terms of translation. Thus, translation policies arise in part as a consequence of language policies, and
there can be no language policy without an attendant translation policy. This article sheds light on the role of translation
policies as part of language policy. Specifically, it shows that translation policies can be a tool for integration and
recognition or exclusion and neglect of speakers of minority languages and therefore deserve special attention. This is done by
comparing the translation policies adopted in Flanders and Wales, both as applied to autochthonous linguistic minorities and
allochthonous linguistic minorities. Lessons can be learned from the similarities and differences of translation policies in these
two regions.
Thermal Conductivity of Complex Plasmas Using Novel Evan-Gillan Approach
Authors: Shahzad Aamir , Haider Syed Irfan , Kashif Muhammad , Shifa Muhammad Shahzad , Mu Tariq , He Mao-Gang 
Published: June 2018

Abstract

The thermal conductivity of complex fluid materials (dusty plasmas) has been explored through novel Evan-Gillan homogeneous non-equilibrium molecular dynamic (HNEMD) algorithm. The thermal conductivity coefficient obtained from HNEMD is dependent on various plasma parameters (Γ, κ). The proposed algorithm gives accurate results with fast convergence and small size effect over a wide range of plasma parameters. The cross microscopic heat energy current is discussed in association with variation of temperature (1/Γ) and external perturbations (Pz). The thermal conductivity obtained from HNEMD simulations is found to be very good agreement and more reliable than previously known numerical techniques of equilibrium molecular dynamic, nonequilibrium molecular dynamic simulations. Our new investigations point to an effective conclusion that the thermal conductivity of complex dusty plasmas is dependent on an extensive range of plasma coupling (Γ) and screening parameter (κ) and it varies by the alteration in these parameters. It is also shown that a different approach is used for computations of thermal conductivity in 2D complex plasmas and can be appropriate method for behaviors of complex systems.
Tightly integrated genomic and epigenomic data mining using tensor decomposition
Authors: Fang Jianwen 
Published: June 2018

Abstract

Motivation
Complex diseases such as cancers often involve multiple types of genomic and/or epigenomic abnormalities. Rapid accumulation of multiple types of omics data demands methods for integrating the multidimensional data in order to elucidate complex relationships among different types of genomic and epigenomic abnormalities.

Results
In the present study, we propose a tightly integrated approach based on tensor decomposition. Multiple types of data, including mRNA, methylation, copy number variations and somatic mutations, are merged into a high-order tensor which is used to develop predictive models for overall survival. The weight tensors of the models are constrained using CANDECOMP/PARAFAC (CP) tensor decomposition and learned using support tensor machine regression (STR) and ridge tensor regression (RTR). The results demonstrate that the tensor decomposition based approaches can achieve better performance than the models based individual data type and the concatenation approach.

Supplementary information
Supplementary data are available at Bioinformatics online.
Contribution of BKCa channels to vascular tone regulation by PDE3 and PDE4 is lost in heart failure
Authors: Idres Sarah , Perrin Germain , Domergue Valérie , Lefebvre Florence , Gomez Susana , Varin Audrey , Fischmeister Rodolphe , Leblais Véronique , Manoury Boris 
Published: June 2018

Abstract

Aims
Regulation of vascular tone by 3′,5′-cyclic adenosine monophosphate (cAMP) involves many effectors including the large conductance, Ca2+-activated, K+ (BKCa) channels. In arteries, cAMP is mainly hydrolyzed by type 3 and 4 phosphodiesterases (PDE3, PDE4). Here, we examined the specific contribution of BKCa channels to tone regulation by these PDEs in rat coronary arteries, and how this is altered in heart failure (HF).

Methods and results
Concomitant application of PDE3 (cilostamide) and PDE4 (Ro-20-1724) inhibitors increased BKCa unitary channel activity in isolated myocytes from rat coronary arteries. Myography was conducted in isolated, U46619-contracted coronary arteries. Cilostamide (Cil) or Ro-20-1724 induced a vasorelaxation that was greatly reduced by iberiotoxin (IBTX), a BKCa channel blocker. Ro-20-1724 and Cil potentiated the relaxation induced by the β-adrenergic agonist isoprenaline (ISO) or the adenylyl cyclase activator L-858051 (L85). IBTX abolished the effect of PDE inhibitors on ISO but did not on L85. In coronary arteries from rats with HF induced by aortic stenosis, contractility and response to acetylcholine were dramatically reduced compared with arteries from sham rats, but relaxation to PDE inhibitors was retained. Interestingly, however, IBTX had no effect on Ro-20-1724- and Cil-induced vasorelaxations in HF. Expression of the BKCa channel α-subunit, of a 98 kDa PDE3A and of a 80 kDa PDE4D were lower in HF compared with sham coronary arteries, while that of a 70 kDa PDE4B was increased. Proximity ligation assays demonstrated that PDE3 and PDE4 were localized in the vicinity of the channel.

Conclusion
BKCa channels mediate the relaxation of coronary artery induced by PDE3 and PDE4 inhibition. This is achieved by co-localization of both PDEs with BKCa channels, enabling tight control of cAMP available for channel opening. Contribution of the channel is prominent at rest and on β-adrenergic stimulation. This coupling is lost in HF.
Using a Poverty Simulation Exercise in Mental Health Nursing
Authors: Link Kimberly A. , Haughtigan Kara S. , Garrett-Wright Dawn 
Published: June 2018

Abstract
Simulation exercises can be used to provide poverty-related content that might be lacking in traditional clinical settings. A descriptive qualitative study design was used to examine the use of a poverty simulation in mental health nursing. Thematic analysis of reflective journals indicated students viewed the poverty simulation as a positive, realistic, and informative learning experience; had a better understanding of how poverty impacts health; and expressed changes in attitudes toward providing care. Results from this study suggest poverty simulations can be used to illustrate key concepts taught in mental health nursing, including empathy, advocacy, and refrainment from judging patients.
Spinal Injuries in Suicidal Jumpers
Authors: Kano Hiroki , Matsuo Yohei , Kubo Noriaki , Fujimi Satoshi , Nishii Takashi 
Published: June 2018

Study Design.
This was a retrospective case series at a single institution.

Objective.
The study was performed to investigate the characteristics of spinal injuries in survivors of suicidal jumping.

Summary of Background Data.
Spinal fracture/dislocation is associated with high-energy trauma such as that induced by motor vehicle accidents. Survivors of suicidal jumping sometimes sustain spinal injuries. However, the characteristics of such spinal injuries are unclear.

Methods.
We identified 87 survivors of suicidal jumping who sustained spinal injuries from 2007 to 2016 in our institution. We compared the demographic data, radiological findings, neurological status, associated injuries, treatments, and mental health conditions between these 87 survivors and 204 non-suicidal patients with spinal injury.

Results.
Suicidal jumpers were predominantly female (67%) and 10 years younger than non-suicidal patients. Mental health problems, mainly schizophrenia and depression, were diagnosed in 77% of suicidal jumpers. Neurological damage from spinal trauma was generally less severe in suicidal jumpers than in non-suicidal patients. Most spinal injuries in suicidal jumpers were located in the thoracic or lumbar spine region (85%). Among comorbid injuries, extremity injuries were highly associated with spine injury in suicidal jumpers. Nearly 70% of suicidal jumpers exhibited extremity injury in contrast to 33% of non-suicidal patients. Approximately, 25% of suicidal jumpers underwent surgical treatment. Surgical treatment was similarly performed on suicidal jumpers and non-suicidal patients regardless of the discrepancy in neurological damage between these two groups.

Conclusion.
Spinal injuries in suicidal jumpers differed from spinal injuries in non-suicidal patients with regard to sex, age, mental health condition, injury location, neurologic damage, and associated injuries. Most survivors of suicidal jumping were young female patients with mental health problems. They tended to have thoracic and lumbar spine trauma rather than cervical trauma with less severe neurological deficits and a higher incidence of accompanying limb injury.

Level of Evidence: 3
Effects of the INSIGHT Obesity Preventive Intervention on Reported and Observed Infant Temperament
Authors: Anzman-Frasca Stephanie , Paul Ian M. , Moding Kameron J. , Savage Jennifer S. , Hohman Emily E. , Birch Leann L. 
Published: June 2018

ABSTRACT:

Objective:
Infants higher on negative reactivity and lower on regulation, aspects of temperament, have increased obesity risk. Responsive parenting (RP) has been shown to impact the expression of temperament, including the developing ability to regulate negative emotions. The aim of this analysis was to test the effects of the INSIGHT study's RP intervention designed for the primary prevention of obesity on reported and observed infant negativity and regulation.

Methods:
The sample included 240 mother-infant dyads randomized 2 weeks after birth to the RP intervention or a safety control intervention. Both groups received 4 home visits during the infant's first year. In the RP group, nurses delivered RP guidance in domains of sleep, feeding, soothing, and interactive play. At 1 year, mother-reported temperament was measured by a survey, and a frustration task was used to observe temperament in the laboratory. Effects of the RP intervention were tested using general linear models.

Results:
The RP intervention reduced overall reported infant negativity, driven by lower distress to limitations (p < 0.05) and faster recovery from distress (p < 0.01) in the RP group versus controls. There were no intervention effects on reported regulation or observed negativity. The intervention did increase observed regulation, particularly the use of self-comforting strategies (p < 0.05) during the frustration task.

Discussion:
An RP intervention designed for early obesity prevention affected reported infant negativity and observed regulation, outcomes that have been linked with subsequent healthy development. Interventions grounded in an RP framework have the potential for widespread effects on child health and well-being.