bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Cardiovascular Events after New-Onset Atrial Fibrillation in Adults with CKD: Results from the Chronic Renal Insufficiency Cohort (CRIC) Study
Authors: Bansal Nisha , Xie Dawei , Sha Daohang , Appel Lawrence J. , Deo Rajat , Feldman Harold I. , He Jiang , Jamerson Kenneth , Kusek John W. , Messe Steven , Navaneethan Sankar D. , Rahman Mahboob , Ricardo Ana Catherine , Soliman Elsayed Z. , Townsend Raymond , Go Alan S. 
Published: October 2018

Background
Atrial fibrillation (AF), the most common sustained arrhythmia in CKD, is associated with poor clinical outcomes in both patients without CKD and patients with dialysis-treated ESRD. However, less is known about AF-associated outcomes in patients with CKD who do not require dialysis.

Methods
To prospectively examine the association of new-onset AF with subsequent risks of cardiovascular disease events and death among adults with CKD, we studied participants enrolled in the Chronic Renal Insufficiency Cohort Study who did not have AF at baseline. Outcomes included heart failure, myocardial infarction, stroke, and death occurring after diagnosis of AF. We used Cox regression models and marginal structural models to examine the association of incident AF with subsequent risk of cardiovascular disease events and death, adjusting for patient characteristics, laboratory values, and medication use.

Results
Among 3080 participants, 323 (10.5%) developed incident AF during a mean 6.1 years of follow-up. Compared with participants who did not develop AF, those who did had higher adjusted rates of heart failure (hazard ratio [HR], 5.17; 95% confidence interval [95% CI], 3.89 to 6.87), myocardial infarction (HR, 3.64; 95% CI, 2.50 to 5.31), stroke (HR, 2.66; 95% CI, 1.50 to 4.74), and death (HR, 3.30; 95% CI, 2.65 to 4.12). These associations remained robust with additional adjustment for biomarkers of inflammation, cardiac stress, and mineral metabolism; left ventricular mass; ejection fraction; and left atrial diameter.

Conclusions
Incident AF is independently associated with two- to five-fold increased rates of developing subsequent heart failure, myocardial infarction, stroke, or death in adults with CKD. These findings have important implications for cardiovascular risk reduction.
Genetic Analysis of 400 Patients Refines Understanding and Implicates a New Gene in Atypical Hemolytic Uremic Syndrome
Authors: Bu Fengxiao , Zhang Yuzhou , Wang Kai , Borsa Nicolo Ghiringhelli , Jones Michael B. , Taylor Amanda O. , Takanami Erika , Meyer Nicole C. , Frees Kathy , Thomas Christie P. , Nester Carla , Smith Richard J.H. 
Published: October 2018

Background
Genetic variation in complement genes is a predisposing factor for atypical hemolytic uremic syndrome (aHUS), a life-threatening thrombotic microangiopathy, however interpreting the effects of genetic variants is challenging and often ambiguous.

Methods
We analyzed 93 complement and coagulation genes in 400 patients with aHUS, using as controls 600 healthy individuals from Iowa and 63,345 non-Finnish European individuals from the Genome Aggregation Database. After adjusting for population stratification, we then applied the Fisher exact, modified Poisson exact, and optimal unified sequence kernel association tests to assess gene-based variant burden. We also applied a sliding-window analysis to define the frequency range over which variant burden was significant.

Results
We found that patients with aHUS are enriched for ultrarare coding variants in the CFH, C3, CD46, CFI, DGKE, and VTN genes. The majority of the significance is contributed by variants with a minor allele frequency of <0.1%. Disease-related variants tend to occur in specific complement protein domains of FH, CD46, and C3. We observed no enrichment for multiple rare coding variants in gene-gene combinations.

Conclusions
In known aHUS-associated genes, variants with a minor allele frequency >0.1% should not be considered pathogenic unless valid enrichment and/or functional evidence are available. VTN, which encodes vitronectin, an inhibitor of the terminal complement pathway, is implicated as a novel aHUS-associated gene. Patients with aHUS are not enriched for multiple rare variants in complement genes. In aggregate, these data may help in directing clinical management of aHUS.
Características macroscópicas e microscópicas de Hamamelis virginiana, comercializada como chá em farmácias e drogarias de Mogi das Cruzes
Authors: Yasuda Flávio Sussumu , Gonçalves Carolina Passarelli , Marcucci Maria Cristina 
Published: October 2018

As bebidas de infusão são utilizadas desde a antiguidade como medicamentos. De fatos muitos dos medicamentos que hoje fazem parte da alopatia tradicional, são provenientes de extratos vegetais. Hoje, é possível comprar em Farmácias, drogarias e, até supermercados, folhas e ervas de forma industrializada ou semi industrializada. O problema é que o produto industrializado nem sempre se apresenta “puro”, além de possibilitar o uso indiscriminado. Alguns fitoterápicos, se usados de forma inadequada podem perder as suas propriedades funcionais ou pior, podem provocar males maiores do que benefícios à saúde do usuário. Neste trabalho faremos uma analise de chá de Hamamelis virginiana L. encontrado em farmácias e drogarias e, verificaremos as condições do produto segundo as normas da ANVISA e farmacopéia brasileira e, também quanto à caracterização farmacobotânica.
Blok Zinciri Teknolojisine Yapılan Saldırılar Üzerine bir İnceleme
Authors: TAŞ Oğuzhan , KİANİ Farzad 
Published: October 2018

Son zamanlarda; blok zinciri tabanlı kripto para ödeme
sistemleri(bitcoin, ethereum) oldukça popüler olmuştur. Merkezi olmayan eşler
arası(P2P) ağ yapısına sahip olan bu sistemde tüm işlemler, sadece ekleme
yapılabilen bir ana defterde(ledger) tutulmaktadır. Madenciler ise bu ağ
yapısındaki düğümleri oluşturmaktadır, her madenci defterin yerel kopyasına
sahiptir. Blok zincirinde, PoW uzlaşma protokolü işlemi onaylamakta ve zincire yeni
blok eklenmesine izin vermektedir. Ödülü almak için, madenciler eşler arası
ağda işlemi tamamlamak için birbirleriyle yarışırlar. Ödül sistemi, blok zinciri kullanan bitcoin’i
popülerleştirmiş, fakat aynı zamanda
saldırganların blok zincirine ilgisini artırmıştır. Saldırganlar tarafından
blok zincirinin madenci havuzuna ve ağ yapısının güvenliğine farklı saldırılar
yapılmıştır. Bu makalede, blok zinciri alt yapısına karşı mevcut saldırılar
sunulmuştur. İlk bölümlerde, P2P mimarisine, uzlaşma protokolüne ve işlemlere
yönelik saldırı tipleri araştırılmıştır. Bu bölümde, %51 saldırısı, Çift
harcama, Finney, Vector76, Kaba Kuvvet, Sybil, Eclipse, Denge gibi saldırılar açıklanmış
ve çözümler önerilmiştir. Daha sonra, Bencil madencilik ve Blok Atma, Blok
Tutma(BWH), Blok Tutma Sonrası
Çatallanma(FAW), Havuz sıçrama saldırısı, Cezalandırıcı Çatallanma ile Kara
Listeye Alma, Köpük saldırısı ve Rüşvet Saldırısı gibi madencilik havuzuna
karşı saldırılar incelenmiş ve savunma stratejileri sunulmuştur. Son bölümde de
blok zinciri altyapısında kullanılan kriptografi’nin geleceği üzerinde tartışılmış
ve Post Kuantum Kriptografi’nin etkilerinden bahsedilmiştir
MERSİN İLİNDEKİ SURİYELİ ÇOCUKLARIN AİLE VE SOSYAL İLİŞKİLERİNDE YAŞADIKLARI AMBİVALANSIN İLİŞKİSEL SOSYOLOJİK BİR ANALİZİ
Authors: TEKİN BABUÇ Zeynep 
Published: October 2018

Resmi rakamlara göre, 2018
yılı itibariyle, Türkiye'de üç buçuk milyonu aşkın Suriyeli göçmen bulunmaktadır
ve Türkiye en fazla Suriyeli göçmen barındıran ülke konumundadır. Türkiye’de
şehir merkezlerine yerleşmiş olan Suriyeli ailelerin bireyleri yetersiz barınma
ve çalışma koşulları ile birlikte, günlük yaşamlarında iletişim sorunları ve
yeni yerleşmiş oldukları kente adaptasyon problemleri yaşamaktadır. Evlerinden
uzak, yeni bir yaşam inşa etme sürecinde, gelecek kaygısı içinde yaşayan
Suriyeli ailelerin çocuk olan bireyleri için de durum farklı değildir. Çalışmada,
yoğun şekilde Suriye’den göç almış illerden biri olan Mersin ili kent merkezine
yerleşmiş beş Suriyeli anne ve onların çocukları ile nitel görüşmeler
gerçekleştirilmiştir. Suriye’den Türkiye’ye zorunlu göç etmek durumunda kalmış
olan Suriyeli ailelerin çocuklarının aile, okul, arkadaşlık ilişkilerine ve ev
algılarına ilişkin ambivalans duyguları ve deneyimleri, ilişkisel sosyolojik
bir bakış açısı ile değerlendirilmiştir. Çalışmanın bulguları, Suriyeli
çocukların aile ve sosyal ilişkilerinde pasif alıcılar konumunda olmadıklarını
ve ailelerinin baş etme stratejilerini artırma, kardeşlerini destekleme,
ebeveynlerine Türkçe öğretme ve ailenin sosyal ağlarını ve etkileşimlerini
genişletme konularında aktif rol aldıklarını ortaya koymaktadır.&nbsp;
Hyperuricemia and Gout in Orthopaedics
Authors: Meller Menachem , Epstein Alan , Meller Aaron Y. , Osmani Feroz A. , Parekh Amit , Chuang Donald , Gonzalez Mark 
Published: October 2018

* Destructive gouty arthritis has been shown to be a multifactorial disease demonstrating variability in its manifestations.* Physicians must be prepared to navigate a complicated treatment algorithm ranging from numerous nonoperative therapies to operative intervention.* If a patient is treated properly from the time of diagnosis, a surgical procedure should rarely be necessary.
Laboratory Evaluation of Different Modes of Supercritical Carbon Dioxide Miscible Flooding for Carbonate Rocks
Authors: Al-Otaibi Fawaz M. , Zhou Xianmin , Kokal Sunil L. 
Published: October 2018

Summary
Field application of supercritical carbon dioxide (sc-CO2) miscible flooding continues to grow. Optimization of sc-CO2 injection during miscible-flooding modes represents one of the dominant factors affecting its performance in carbonate oil reservoirs. The main objective of this study was to investigate the effect of different modes of sc-CO2 miscible injection on oil recovery and injectivity in carbonate rocks. Several modes of sc-CO2 injection were investigated, including continuous CO2 miscible flooding, water-alternating-gas (WAG), and tapered-WAG injection. Five coreflooding experiments were conducted to evaluate oil recovery for different modes of sc-CO2 injection under reservoir conditions. Composite cores of 25-cm length from a specific, producing carbonate reservoir were used in the study. Both horizontal- and vertical-coreflooding experiments of continuous-sc-CO2-injection mode were performed to compare oil recovery and injectivity during sc-CO2 flooding. Horizontal-coreflooding experiments under WAG mode were performed at pore pressures of 3,200 and 3,800 psi.
The experimental results indicate that tertiary oil recovery was influenced significantly by different sc-CO2-injection modes and the direction of displacement. Original oil in cores was recovered at 18.4 and 26.74% for horizontal and vertical experiments of continuous-sc-CO2-injection modes, respectively. In horizontal-WAG experiments with different pore pressures, higher oil recovery was observed at a pore pressure of 3,800 psi compared with 3,200 psi. The marginal increase in incremental oil recovery indicates that pressure increase beyond 3,200 psi will not have a significant effect. The injectivity of different sc-CO2-injection modes is reported in this paper.
Binafuxi Granules in the treatment of common cold with heat syndrome based on traditional Uighur medicine: study protocol for a multicenter randomized controlled trial
Authors: Mao Bing , Min Jie , She Bin , Zhang Xin , Chen Yan 
Published: October 2018

Abstract
Background

Common cold is a highly prevalent illness with significant impact on society and health care. Common cold with heat syndrome (CCHS) is one of most common type based on traditional Uighur medicine (TUM) syndrome differentiation, which is widely used in Central Asia. This study is designed to explore the efficacy, safety and optimal therapeutic dosage of Binafuxi Granules in treating CCHS.

Methods

This is a multicenter, randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled, phase II clinical trial. A total of 240 patients will be recruited from 5 centers across China and randomly assigned to the high-dose group, low-dose group or placebo control group in a 1:1:1 ratio. All subjects will receive test drugs twice daily for 3 days. The primary outcome is the time to fever relief. Secondary outcomes include the time to fever clearance, duration of primary symptoms and each symptom, change in TUM symptom score.

Discussion

This is the first placebo-controlled randomized clinical trial for a Uighur medicine in treating common cold. It will provide robust evidence on the efficacy and safety of Binafuxi Granules in the treatment of CCHS.

Trial registration

The registration number is ChiCTR-IIR-17013379, which was assigned by the Chinese Clinical Trial Registry on 14 November 2017.
Transformation of the Domestic Economy in 1990–1995 in Altai Region
Authors: Radonova A. N. 
Published: October 2018

: In 1990–1995, Russia experienced a transition period from totalitarianism to democratic social and political system, formed a civil society based on the freedom of the people and the recognition of the priority of human rights by the state. The transition to market relations set a lot of challenges, including social security issues. Hence, the development of the social sphere maintained its priority during the whole period of economic reform. The current state of the socio-economic development of Altai region was shaped by the failure to implement the reforms on its territory in1990–1995.The author found out that the main difficulties of the transition period were caused by the generalized statistical indicators of certain sectors of the economy of the region in the post-soviet period.The change in economic development indicators of the local productive forces in 1990–1995 was connected with the globalization of socio-economic relations and favorable changes in the social sphere. The reforms focused on the normalization of the residents really contributed to the solution of their social problems.
The Development of the Tourist-Excursion Sphere in Kazan in the First Half of the ХХ Century
Authors: Shoronina L. N. 
Published: October 2018

The study features the main stages of the tourist-excursion sphere development in Kazanin the first half of the XX century. The research is focused on the issues of the first educational excursions and their organization, compiling the first guidebooks and collections of Kazansites. The author presents examples of the first methodological works on tours around the city, the Kremlin, thematic and panoramic tours with descriptions of sights. The article features the objectives and tasks of the first Kazantourist-excursion societies and organizations. The author describes the main directions of the tourist-excursion business, analyzes the sources and literature of the period in question, and dwells upon the issues of tourist-excursion business development in Kazan. The research involves the sources from the Republicof Tatarstan National Archive, the first reference books and guidebooks around Kazan, as well as methodological works published in the 1920s–1930s.The author studied the theoretical basis of tourist-excursion activity in Kazan, the issues of mass tourism origin and excursion business development and the propagandist and conceptual aspects of tourist movement. Special attention is paid to the inherent ideological orientation of the tourist-excursion sphere, based on the propaganda of ideas and achievements of theUSSR.The research attempts to show that the tourist-excursion sphere became a significant part of socio-cultural activity in the first half of the XX century. Tourist trips and excursions helped to solve the tasks related to increasing the cultural level of the population.The development of tourist-excursion organizations included several stages. In the 1920s–1930s, the organizational-centralization stage of tourism development began inKazan; the system of tourist-excursion service started to form.The article highlights the appearance of the new forms of tourist movement, for instance, research of new routes and study of new venues.Kazantourists participated in trips to the sites of military and revolutionary glory, in All-Russia search trips. The article also touches upon the issue of educational significance of tourism and excursions for schoolchildren and youth.It was in the first half of the XX century that tourist sections in Pioneers’ Houses appeared, as well as children’s tourist stations, excursions for schoolchildren and youth. The work also analyzes the drawbacks in the tourist-excursion sphere in the studied period. However, that period was an important stage of tourism development in Kazan and the Republic as a whole.The content and results of this article can be used in history ofRussiaand tourism courses.
The Oral Health Team in the Family Health Strategy: Trajectories and Challenges
Authors: Colodette Renata Maria , Moreira Tiago Ricardo , Gomes Andréia Patrícia , Siqueira-Batista Rodrigo 
Published: October 2018

Objectives:The objective of this study was to review literature focused on the introduction of Brazilian oral healthcare service models, incorporation of Oral Health Teams (OHTs) within the Family Health Strategy (FHS), changes occurring in the work process of the professionals that make up OHTs, difficulties for successful implementation of this new healthcare model and impacts on indicators of oral health.Methods:A review of the literature was conducted through an electronic consultation of the Pubmed and Virtual Health Library (VHL) databases published between 2001 and 2016, using a combination of descriptors. We selected 44 studies for review.Results:Oral healthcare in Brazil evolved from exclusionary and curative models to those aimed at prevention and promotion of health. The increase in government resources dedicated to oral healthcare in Brazil represented an improvement in access to dental treatment, however, some studies demonstrated that OHTs within the FHS still operate by the traditional curative models.Conclusion:Lack of proper planning for hiring OHTs and precariousness of their work contracts were also reported. The need for better managerial planning for implementation of OHTs within the scope of the FHS was demonstrated.
Modern Innovative Solutions to Improve Outcomes in Severe Asthma: Protocol for a Mixed Methods Observational Comparison of Clinical Outcomes in MISSION Versus Current Care Delivery
Authors: Roberts Claire , Lanning Eleanor , Fogg Carole , Bassett Paul , Hughes Alison , Chauhan Anoop J 
Published: October 2018

Background
Asthma that is poorly controlled and undertreated can progress to more severe disease that is associated with high levels of unscheduled care that requires high-cost therapy, leading to a significant health economic burden. The identification and appropriate referral to a specialist asthma service is also often delayed by several months or years because of poor recognition and understanding of symptom severity. Current severe asthma services may take several months to provide a comprehensive multidisciplinary assessment, often necessitating multiple hospital visits and costing up to £5000 per patient.

Objective
This study aims to evaluate whether a new service model could identify poorly controlled and potentially severe asthma much earlier in the patient pathway, and then compare clinical outcomes between this new care model with standard care.

Methods
Modern Innovative Solutions to Improve Outcomes in (MISSION) Severe Asthma is a novel service model developed by asthma specialists from Portsmouth and Southampton severe asthma services. MISSION Severe Asthma identified patients with poorly controlled disease from general practice databases who had not been under secondary outpatient care in the last 12 months or who were not known to secondary care. In 1- or 2-stop assessments, a thorough review of diagnosis, disease phenotype, and control is undertaken, and clinical outcomes collected at baseline.

Results
A variety of clinical outcomes will be collected to assess the service model. The results will be reported in February 2020.

Conclusions
This protocol outlines a mixed methods study to assess the impact on disease control, unscheduled health care usage, and quality of life in patients seen in the MISSION clinic compared with a closely matched cohort who declined to attend.

International Registered Report Identifier (IRRID)
DERR1-10.2196/9585
Conocimientos en estudiantes de medicina sobre prevención de infecciones asociadas a la atención de salud
Authors: Ticse Ray , Hinostroza Carlos , Wong Marcos , Martínez Odilón 
Published: October 2018

Introducción: Tener conocimientos sobre prevención y control de las Infecciones Asociadas a la Atención de los Servicios de Salud (IAAS) es un factor decisivo para los estudiantes de medicina, siendo estos el grupo más vulnerable de adquirirlos o a ser un elemento generador de estas infecciones; sin embargo, se evidencia conocimiento insuficiente sobre estas medidas o la no correlación con la práctica.
Objetivo: Evaluar el conocimiento de los estudiantes que inician y terminan el último año de la carrera de medicina (internado) respecto a prevención y control de infecciones asociadas a la atención de los servicios de salud.
Método: Estudio descriptivo transversal que incluyó 216 estudiantes del último año de medicina de la Facultad de Medicina Alberto Hurtado en el periodo 2016-2017. Se aplicó una encuesta por vía electrónica que previamente fue validada por la prueba de Crombach y el método de dos mitades por la fórmula de Sperman-Brown.
Resultados: De una muestra de 216 participantes, el 84,72% conocía la medida básica de higiene respiratoria, solo el 15,28% conoce el tiempo mínimo necesario para el lavado de manos. Por otro lado, solo el 48,15% se lava las manos antes y después del contacto con el paciente. El 68,98% conoce que puede reusar la mascarilla N95 si es guardada en una bolsa plática sellada; asimismo, la mayoría reconoce a los objetos personales como fómite. Además, se evidenció mayor conocimiento en los que recién terminaron el internado en los temas de higiene respiratoria y uso de la mascarilla N95. Finalmente, se obtuvieron valores aceptables en los test de validación del instrumento utilizado.
Conclusiones: Los conocimientos sobre la prevención y control de las IASS en los estudiantes del último año de medicina, no están acorde a lo recomendado.