bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
BIN1 Induces the Formation of T-Tubules and Adult-Like Ca2+ Release Units in Developing Cardiomyocytes
Authors: De La Mata Ana , Tajada Sendoa , O'Dwyer Samantha , Matsumoto Collin , Dixon Rose E. , Hariharan Nirmala , Moreno Claudia M. , Santana Luis Fernando 
Published: October 2018

Abstract
Human embryonic stem cell-derived cardiomyocytes (hESC-CMs) are at the center of new cell-based therapies for cardiac disease, but may also serve as a useful in vitro model for cardiac cell development. An intriguing feature of hESC-CMs is that although they express contractile proteins and have sarcomeres, they do not develop transverse-tubules (T-tubules) with adult-like Ca2+ release units (CRUs). We tested the hypothesis that expression of the protein BIN1 in hESC-CMs promotes T-tubules formation, facilitates CaV1.2 channel clustering along the tubules, and results in the development of stable CRUs. Using electrophysiology, [Ca2+]i imaging, and super resolution microscopy, we found that BIN1 expression induced T-tubule development in hESC-CMs, while increasing differentiation toward a more ventricular-like phenotype. Voltage-gated CaV1.2 channels clustered along the surface sarcolemma and T-tubules of hESC-CM. The length and width of the T-tubules as well as the expression and size of CaV1.2 clusters grew, as BIN1 expression increased and cells matured. BIN1 expression increased CaV1.2 channel activity and the probability of coupled gating within channel clusters. Interestingly, BIN1 clusters also served as sites for sarcoplasmic reticulum (SR) anchoring and stabilization. Accordingly, BIN1-expressing cells had more CaV1.2-ryanodine receptor junctions than control cells. This was associated with larger [Ca2+]i transients during excitation–contraction coupling. Our data support the view that BIN1 is a key regulator of T-tubule formation and CaV1.2 channel delivery. By studying the role of BIN1 during the differentiation of hESC-CMs, we show that BIN1 is also important for CaV1.2 channel clustering, junctional SR organization, and the establishment of excitation–contraction coupling. Stem Cells 2019;37:54–64
High‐Performance Organic Electroluminescence: Design from Organic Light‐Emitting Materials to Devices
Authors: Tao Peng , Miao Yanqin , Wang Hua , Xu Bingshe , Zhao Qiang 
Published: October 2018

AbstractOrganic electroluminescence is considered as the most competitive alternative for the future solid‐state displays and lighting techniques owing to many advantages such as self‐luminescence, high efficiency, high contrast, high color rendering index, ultra‐thin thickness, transparency, flat and flexibility, etc. The development of high‐performance organic electroluminescence has become the continuing focus of research. In this personal account, a brief overview of representative achievements in our study on the design of highly efficient novel organic light‐emitting materials (including fluorescent materials, phosphorescent iridium(III) complexes and conjugated polymers bearing phosphorescent iridium(III) complex) and high‐performance device structures together with working principles are given. At last, we will give some perspectives on this fascinating field, and also try to provide some potential directions of research on the basis of the current stage of organic electroluminescence.
Modern coin debasement discovered by combined portable X‐ray fluorescence and atomic absorption spectroscopy in Peruvian cent coins (1950–1965)
Authors: Ortega‐San‐Martín Luis , Sarango‐Ramírez Marvin K. , Galarreta Betty C. 
Published: October 2018

A series of one‐ and two‐cent coins minted in Peru from 1950 to 1965 has been analyzed by portable X‐ray fluorescence (pXRF), and the results have been calibrated by atomic absorption spectroscopy (AAS). These coins were expected to be composed of zinc and copper (95:5 wt/wt), but results show that the copper content changes from year to year and usually tends to be smaller than the legally acceptable limits (below 3 wt%). The nondestructive X‐ray fluorescence analysis of the Cu/Zn ratio was calibrated with AAS. The pXRF results of 313 coins show a debasement over time with two minimums, one in 1954 (observed in both types of coins) and the second one in 1959 (present only in one‐cent coins), in agreement with adverse economic events in this time frame. This is the first time that Peruvian coin debasement is studied with this particular nondestructive technique and correlated with a series of economic events in the country.
The groomed and ungroomed jet mass distribution for inclusive jet production at the LHC
Authors: Kang Zhong-Bo , Lee Kyle , Liu Xiaohui , Ringer Felix 
Published: October 2018

AbstractWe study jet mass distributions measured in the single inclusive jet production in proton-proton collisionspp→ jet+Xat the LHC. We consider both standard ungroomed jets as well as soft drop groomed jets. Within the Soft Collinear Effective Theory (SCET), we establish QCD factorization theorems for both cases and we study their relation. The developed framework allows for the joint resummation of several classes of logarithmic corrections to all orders in the strong coupling constant. For the ungroomed case, we resum logarithms in the jet radius parameter and in the small jet mass. For the groomed case, we resum in addition the logarithms in the soft threshold parameterzcutwhich is introduced by the soft drop grooming algorithm. In this way, we are able to reliably determine the absolute normalization of the groomed jet mass distribution in proton-proton collisions. All logarithmic corrections are resummed to the next-to-leading logarithmic accuracy. We present numerical results and compare with the available data from the LHC. For both the groomed and ungroomed jet mass distributions we find very good agreement after including non-perturbative corrections.
Circuit complexity in interacting QFTs and RG flows
Authors: Bhattacharyya Arpan , Shekar Arvind , Sinha Aninda 
Published: October 2018

AbstractWe consider circuit complexity in certain interacting scalar quantum field theories, mainly focusing on theϕ4theory. We work out the circuit complexity for evolving from a nearly Gaussian unentangled reference state to the entangled ground state of the theory. Our approach uses Nielsen’s geometric method, which translates into working out the geodesic equation arising from a certain cost functional. We present a general method, making use of integral transforms, to do the required lattice sums analytically and give explicit expressions for thed= 2,3 cases. Our method enables a study of circuit complexity in the epsilon expansion for the Wilson-Fisher fixed point. We find that with increasing dimensionality the circuit depth increases in the presence of theϕ4interaction eventually causing the perturbative calculation to breakdown. We discuss how circuit complexity relates with the renormalization group.
Cost Analysis of the Mongolian ATLS© Program: A Framework for Low‐ and Middle‐Income Countries
Authors: Kornfeld Jack E. , Katz Micah G. , Cardinal James R. , Bat‐Erdene Batsaikhan , Jargalsaikhan Gerelmaa , Nunez Jade 
Published: October 2018

AbstractBackgroundTrauma is the leading cause of death among Mongolians aged 24–44. To improve initial management of injured patients, the Mongolian National University of Medical Sciences (MNUMS) implemented the American College of Surgeons’ (ACS) Advanced Trauma Life Support (ATLS) training program in 2015. Cost analysis demonstrates that such programs can have clear pathways to self‐sufficiency.MethodsCosts associated with an ACS Mongolian ATLS program were quantified based on discussions with the Mongolian government, MNUMS, ATLS Australasia headquarters, and existing pricing data. Costs were then classified as either essential or contingencies. These classifications determined budgetary items for each program. Savings projections for contingencies included training Mongolian instructors and educators. Scenarios for funding the budget were then assessed.ResultsThe minimum annual cost of ATLS in Mongolia, which includes 3 ATLS student courses/1 instructor course, is $10,709. A budget of $19,900 includes additional contingencies. The scenario that involves foreign instructors is the most expensive one. An initial investment of $85,000 to train Mongolian instructors reduces annual costs by $48,305 (71% reduction). An investment of $4050 to train a Mongolian educator will reduce costs by $1750 annually. ATLS can be sustained with 0.04% of Mongolia’s current spending on public health and preventative services.ConclusionsInitial investment to train Mongolian ATLS instructors leads to substantial savings. Training a Mongolian educator lowers long‐term costs. When minimum costs for ATLS courses are understood, these can be scaled up and supported with different contingencies and minimal funding by government or third‐party stakeholders.
Triple deletion of clpC, porB, and mepA enhances production of small ubiquitin-like modifier-N-terminal pro-brain natriuretic peptide in Corynebacterium glutamicum
Authors: Peng Feng , Liu Xiuxia , Wang Xinyue , Chen Jing , Liu Meng , Yang Yankun , Bai Zhonghu 
Published: October 2018

Abstract
In our previous work, a two-plasmid CRISPR/Cas9 system was constructed for genome editing in Corynebacterium glutamicum. To increase the transformation efficiency and simplify the plasmid curing steps, an all-in-one CRISPR/Cas9 system was constructed for efficient genome editing. In addition, to research proteolysis during the production of recombinant proteins and generate a host for enhanced expression of recombinant proteins, the system was used to delete three genes, clpC, porB, and mepA in C. glutamicum CGMCC1.15647, which encoded the Clp protease subunit ClpC, anion selective channel protein B, and metallopeptidase A, respectively. After the evaluation of different plasmids and hosts, small ubiquitin-like modifier-N-terminal pro-brain natriuretic peptide (SUMO-NT-proBNP), an important protein used for the diagnosis of mild heart failure was successfully expressed in the triple mutant ΔclpCΔporBΔmepA, which exhibit threefold higher levels of protein expression compared with the wild-type. In conclusion, we created a simplified CRISPR tool for genome editing in C. glutamicum, provided a method to generate a host for enhanced expression of recombinant proteins and successfully expressed SUMO-NT-proBNP in C. glutamicum. This tool and method will greatly facilitate genetic engineering and metabolic optimization of this important platform organism.
Maternal dietary pattern characterised by high protein and low carbohydrate intake in pregnancy is associated with a higher risk of gestational diabetes mellitus in Chinese women: a prospective cohort study
Authors: Zhou Xuezhen , Chen Renjuan , Zhong Chunrong , Wu Jiangyue , Li Xiating , Li Qian , Cui Wenli , Yi Nianhua , Xiao Mei , Yin Heng , Xiong Guoping , Han Weizhen , Hao Liping , Yang Xuefeng , Yang Nianhong 
Published: October 2018

AbstractMaternal dietary patterns and macronutrients intake have been shown to affect the development of gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM), but the findings are inconsistent. We aimed to identify maternal dietary patterns and examine their associations with GDM risk, and to evaluate the contributions of macronutrients intake to these associations. We included 2755 Chinese pregnant women from the Tongji Maternal and Child Health Cohort. Dietary intakes were assessed using a validated semi-quantitative FFQ 2 weeks before the diagnosis of GDM. GDM (n 248) was diagnosed based on the results of a 75-g, 2-h oral glucose tolerance test at 24–28 weeks gestation. We derived five different dietary patterns from a principal component analysis. The results showed that high fish–meat–eggs scores, which were positively related to protein intake and inversely related to carbohydrate intake, were associated with a higher risk of GDM (adjusted OR for quartile 4 v. quartile 1: 1·83; 95 % CI 1·21, 2·79; Ptrend=0·007) and higher plasma glucose levels. In contrast, high rice–wheat–fruits scores, which were positively related to carbohydrate intake and inversely related to protein intake, were associated with lower risk of GDM (adjusted OR for quartile 3 v. quartile 1: 0·54; 95 % CI 0·36, 0·83; Ptrend=0·010) and lower plasma glucose levels. In addition, dietary protein and carbohydrate intake significantly contributed to the associations between dietary patterns and GDM risk or glucose levels. These findings suggest that a dietary pattern characterised by high protein and low carbohydrate intake in pregnancy was associated with a higher risk of GDM, which may provide important clues for dietary guidance during pregnancy to prevent GDM.
Association of dietary fibre intake and gut microbiota in adults
Authors: Lin Daniel , Peters Brandilyn A. , Friedlander Charles , Freiman Hal J. , Goedert James J. , Sinha Rashmi , Miller George , Bernstein Mitchell A. , Hayes Richard B. , Ahn Jiyoung 
Published: October 2018

AbstractIncreasing evidence indicates that gut microbiota may influence colorectal cancer risk. Diet, particularly fibre intake, may modify gut microbiota composition, which may affect cancer risk. We investigated the relationship between dietary fibre intake and gut microbiota in adults. Using 16S rRNA gene sequencing, we assessed gut microbiota in faecal samples from 151 adults in two independent study populations: National Cancer Institute (NCI),n75, and New York University (NYU),n76. We calculated energy-adjusted fibre intake based on FFQ. For each study population with adjustment for age, sex, race, BMI and smoking, we evaluated the relationship between fibre intake and gut microbiota community composition and taxon abundance. Total fibre intake was significantly associated with overall microbial community composition in NYU (P=0·008) but not in NCI (P=0·81). In a meta-analysis of both study populations, higher fibre intake tended to be associated with genera of class Clostridia, including higher abundance ofSMB53(fold change (FC)=1·04,P=0·04),Lachnospira(FC=1·03,P=0·05) andFaecalibacterium(FC=1·03,P=0·06), and lower abundance ofActinomyces(FC=0·95,P=0·002),Odoribacter(FC=0·95,P=0·03) andOscillospira(FC=0·96,P=0·06). A species-level meta-analysis showed that higher fibre intake was marginally associated with greater abundance ofFaecalibacterium prausnitzii(FC=1·03,P=0·07) and lower abundance ofEubacterium dolichum(FC=0·96,P=0·04) andBacteroides uniformis(FC=0·97,P=0·05). Thus, dietary fibre intake may impact gut microbiota composition, particularly class Clostridia, and may favour putatively beneficial bacteria such asF. prausnitzii. These findings warrant further understanding of diet–microbiota relationships for future development of colorectal cancer prevention strategies.
Content validity of the developmental care scale for neonates with CHD
Authors: Burke Sara , Miller Elaine , Bakas Tamilyn , Cooper David 
Published: October 2018

AbstractPurposeNeuroprotective developmental care is paramount for neonates with CHD. Although several developmental care scales exist, either they have not been psychometrically tested or were not designed for the needs of neonates with CHD. The purpose of this study is to describe item development and content validity testing of the developmental care scale for neonates with CHD, which measures five domains of the developmental care provided by bedside nurses to neonates in the cardiac ICU: sleep, pain and stress management, activities of daily living, family-centred care, and environment.MethodsFor this cross-sectional study, items were developed based on clinical expertise and the core measures for developmental care. In this study, seven experts provided content validity ratings of items for total scale and subscale fit and relevance. A content validity index was used to determine item retention. Item modifications and additions were based on expert feedback.ResultsExpert ratings provided evidence of content validity on 24 of 53 items within the five domains of developmental care. A total of 24 items were deleted, and five items with low content validity ratings were retained, because of conceptual importance, and revised. An additional 11 items were added based on expert qualitative feedback.ConclusionsThis study provided evidence of content validity of the developmental care scale for neonates with CHD by researchers and bedside nurses caring for these neonates. Further psychometric testing is warranted to provide evidence of internal consistency reliability, construct validity, and to identify variables that influence quality of the developmental care.
High incidence of ductal closure or narrowing at birth in patients with right ventricular outflow tract obstruction with normal orientation of the ductus arteriosus
Authors: Nagata Hazumu , Terashi Eiko , Muraoka Mamoru , Uike Kiyoshi , Hirata Yuichiro , Tatewaki Hideki , Fujita Yasuyuki , Yamamura Kenichiro , Ohga Shouichi 
Published: October 2018

AbstractBackgroundDuctal patency is mandatory to manage patients with ductal-dependent pulmonary circulation. The aim of this study is to elucidate the morphological and haemodynamic features of ductus arteriosus with right ventricular outflow tract obstruction, and investigate the appropriate perinatal management.Patients and methodsPatients with prenatal diagnosis of right ventricular outflow tract obstruction at our institution between 2010 and 2015 were included in the study. Reverse orientation of the ductus arteriosus is defined as an inferior angle of <90° at the aortic junction, and normal orientation of the ductus arteriosus as an angle of >90°. We retrospectively reviewed the shape and flow pattern of ductus arteriosus and the clinical characteristics of the cases.ResultsA total of 39 patients were enrolled. The shape was divided into normal orientation (n=15) and reverse orientation (n=24) of the ductus arteriosus. There was no significant difference in the type of oxygen saturation at birth and age at shunt operation between both the groups. However, the median narrowest diameter of ductus arteriosus in the normal orientation group was significantly smaller than that in the reverse orientation group (2.0 [1.0–5.4] versus 3.0 [1.3–4.4] mm, p<0.05). In two patients of the normal orientation group, ductus arteriosus had closed at birth, and one of whom died because of severe cyanosis.ConclusionsNormal orientation pattern might have high incidence of an early narrowing or closure of ductus arteriosus at birth. The critical patients need careful evaluation by repeated foetal echocardiography and further maternal interventions.
ON CONTRA-CLASSICAL VARIANTS OF NELSON LOGIC N4 AND ITS CLASSICAL EXTENSION
Authors: OMORI HITOSHI , WANSING HEINRICH 
Published: October 2018

AbstractIn two recent articles, Norihiro Kamide introduces unusual variants of Nelson’s paraconsistent logic and its classical extension. Kamide’s systems, IP and CP, are unusual insofar as double negations in these logics behave as intuitionistic and classical negations, respectively. In this article we present Hilbert-style axiomatizations of both IP and CP. The axiom system for IP is shown to be sound and complete with respect to a four-valued Kripke semantics, and the axiom system for CP is characterized by four-valued truth tables. Moreover, we note some properties of IP and CP, and emphasize that these logics are unusual also because they are contra-classical and inconsistent but nontrivial. We point out that Kamide’s approach exemplifies a general method for obtaining contra-classical logics, and we briefly speculate about a linguistic application of Kamide’s logics.
A Comparative Assessment of the Impact of Climate Change and Energy Policies on Alpine Hydropower
Authors: Anghileri D. , Botter M. , Castelletti A. , Weigt H. , Burlando P. 
Published: October 2018

AbstractScientific literature has mostly focused on the analysis of climate change impacts on hydropower operations, underrating the consequences of energy policies, for example, increase in Variable Renewable Sources (VRSs) and CO2 emission permit price, on hydropower productivity and profitability. We contribute a modeling framework to assess the impacts of different climate change and energy policies on the operations of hydropower reservoir systems in the Alps. Our approach is characterized by the following: (i) the use of a physically explicit hydrological model to assess future water availability; (ii) the consideration of electricity price scenarios obtained from an electricity market model accounting for the future projected European energy strategies; and (iii) the use of optimization techniques to design hydropower system operations in response to the projected changes. Through the application to the Mattmark system, a snow‐ and ice‐dominated hydropower system in Switzerland, we demonstrate how the framework is effective in exploring the sensitivity of Alpine hydropower to changes in water availability and electricity price, in quantifying the uncertainties associated to these projections and in identifying the value of reoperation strategies. Results show that energy policies may have more significant impacts on hydropower operations than climate change and, as such, are worth considering in impact assessments studies. The reduction of water availability due to climate change is expected to induce a loss in electricity production down to −27% by 2050. Changes in electricity price, instead, may have up to 6 times stronger impact than climate change, leading to an increase in hydropower revenue up to about +181%.
Along‐Strike Variation in the Magmatic Tempo of the Coast Mountains Batholith, British Columbia, and Implications for Processes Controlling Episodicity in Arcs
Authors: Cecil M. R. , Rusmore M. E. , Gehrels G. E. , Woodsworth G. J. , Stowell H. H. , Yokelson I. N. , Chisom C. , Trautman M. , Homan E. 
Published: October 2018

AbstractThe growth of the Coast Mountains batholith has been documented as episodic through time, and it has become a type example of a continental arc system that developed through non‐steady‐state magmatism. The magmatic record, however, is not well known along the length of the arc, hindering evaluation of the processes controlling the tempo and patterns of batholith growth. A new, robust geochronologic database (485 U‐Pb zircon and titanite ages, 120 of which are newly presented herein) covering nearly 1,000 km of arc length reveals significant along‐strike variation in the tempo of batholith emplacement, the timing of arc cessation, and the arc cooling history. Zircon ages range from ~180 to 40 Ma along the length of the arc and overlap with titanite ages, with the exception of parts of the central batholith where Eocene extension and exhumation of lower crustal rocks led to a more complex history. New analysis of zircon ages reveals significant along‐strike differences in the timing of high flux magmatic events. Small‐scale (<150 km) intra‐arc variations in magmatic tempo suggest that small‐scale processes, likely operating within the arc system, appear to have driven the episodic growth of the Coast Mountains batholith. In contrast, rates of Cretaceous‐Paleogene eastward arc migration are consistently ~2.5 km/Myr along the length of the arc. These rates are similar to those documented in North American arc systems, which suggests that arc migration has an external, plate‐scale driver and/or is an intrinsic, self‐modulating feature of most continental arcs.