bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Sino-Ghana Collaboration on Cryptocurrency: Practices and Implications
Authors: Zhao Yan , Kinnah Gideon 
Published: October 2024

AbstractThe proliferation of digital transformation through the Internet of Things has sparked the emergence of cryptocurrencies and elicited varied perspectives in both developed and developing countries. Ghana has imposed restrictions on the use and trading of cryptocurrencies, prompting ambiguities, uncertainties, and implications beyond the cryptocurrency world. Despite this, Ghana positions itself as a major player in the digital transformation of the African continent, both in mobile payment solutions and cryptocurrency. Given the long-standing Sino-Africa relationship, we examine the potential of a Sino-Ghanaian collaboration to aid Ghana in the development of its cryptocurrency future. Offering a unique opportunity to explore a development partnership through digital transformation in win–win cooperation. The Bank of Ghana Sandbox has enabled the provision of a digital wallet to facilitate access to both traditional and global digital currencies. This has given access to the global market and financial inclusion, enabling fintech startups to leverage the African cultural heritage by developing diverse art forms to be sold as Non-Fungible Tokens, Play-to-Earn (P2E) game offerings to Ghanaians. The implications of access to global markets, financial inclusion, and taxation have also been discussed. China is an epitome and a major propagator of digital transformation as a developing country and has eclipsed Ghana in terms of modern-day financial technologies and development. By drawing a nexus between cryptocurrency/blockchain, digital transformation and financial inclusion, an important empirical insight is provided into an interesting focal point on Sino-African collaboration in advancing cryptocurrency development in a new emerging digital economy.
Loops, recursions, and soft limits for fermionic correlators in (A)dS
Authors: Chowdhury Chandramouli , Chowdhury Pratyusha , Moga Radu N. , Singh Kajal 
Published: October 2024

Abstract
Study of correlation functions in AdS/CFT and in-in correlators in de Sitter space often requires the computation of Witten diagrams. Due to the complexity of evaluating radial integrals for these correlators, several indirect approaches have been developed to simplify computations. However, in momentum space, these methods have been limited to fields with integer spin. In this paper, we formulate tools for evaluating Witten diagrams with $$ \textrm{spin}-\frac{1}{2} $$
spin
−

1
2

fields in momentum space and discuss where they differ from the corresponding integer-spin analysis. We formulate our tools explicitly for massless fermions and present how appropriate Weight shifting operators with respect to the external kinematics can be used to obtain the generalization to fermions with integer mass (in units of 1/lAdS). We apply these tools to loop Witten diagrams and also discuss their use for evaluating in-in correlators in dS. In cases where we can evaluate the loop integrals, we find their transcendentality is lower than the corresponding scalar field results. Further, we classify the nature of IR divergences encountered for interacting massive scalars and fermions. We also prove a novel Weinberg-like soft theorem for gauge fields coupled to matter in AdS and show that the universal terms in the leading soft factor are sensitive to the spin of the matter field. These generalize the recently discovered soft theorems for pure Yang-Mills to Yang-Mills with matter.
Completing the one-loop νSMEFT renormalization group evolution
Authors: Ardu Marco , Marcano Xabier 
Published: October 2024

Abstract
In this work we consider the Standard Model Effective Field Theory extended with right-handed neutrinos, the νSMEFT, and calculate the full set of one-loop anomalous dimensions that are proportional to Yukawa couplings. These contributions are particularly relevant when symmetry-protected low scale seesaw models are embeded in the SMEFT, since large neutrino Yukawa couplings are expected. By combining our results with the already available gauge anomalous dimensions, we provide the complete set of one-loop renormalization group evolution equations for the dimension six νSMEFT. As a possible phenomenological implication of our results, we discuss the sensitivity of lepton flavor-violating observables to νSMEFT operators, focusing on the more sensitive μ → e transitions.
Holographic Gubser flow. A combined analytic and numerical study
Authors: Mitra Toshali , Mondkar Sukrut , Mukhopadhyay Ayan , Soloviev Alexander 
Published: October 2024

Abstract
Gubser flow is an evolution with cylindrical and boost symmetries, which can be best studied by mapping the future wedge of Minkowski space (R3,1) to dS3 × ℝ in a conformal relativistic theory. Here, we sharpen our previous analytic results and validate them via the first numerical exploration of the Gubser flow in a holographic conformal field theory.Remarkably, the leading generic behavior at large de Sitter time is free-streaming in transverse directions and the sub-leading behavior is that of a color glass condensate. We also show that Gubser flow can be smoothly glued to the vacuum outside the future Minkowski wedge generically given that the energy density vanishes faster than any power when extrapolated to early proper time or to large distances from the central axis. We find that at intermediate times the ratio of both the transverse and longitudinal pressures to the energy density converge approximately to a fixed point which is hydrodynamic only for large initial energy densities. We argue that our results suggest that the Gubser flow is better applied to collective behavior in jets rather than the full medium in the phenomenology of heavy ion collisions and can reveal new clues to the mechanism of confinement.
Mirror dualities with four supercharges
Authors: Benvenuti Sergio , Comi Riccardo , Pasquetti Sara 
Published: October 2024

Abstract
We consider 3d $$ \mathcal{N} $$
N
= 2 non-abelian Hanany-Witten brane setups with chiral flavor symmetry. We propose that the associated field theories are quivers with improved bifundamentals, instead of standard bifundamentals. The improved bifundamental is a strongly coupled SCFT that carries one more U(1) global symmetry than the standard bifundamental. As a consequence, our proposal overcomes the long standing challenge of associating to each $$ \mathcal{N} $$
N
= 2 brane setup a gauge theory with the full rank global symmetry, allowing the study of all the usual supersymmetric observables, such as superconformal index, sphere partition function, chiral ring and moduli space. The construction passes many non-trivial tests, for instance we algorithmically prove that any two improved quivers associated to $$ \mathcal{S} $$
S
-dual brane setups are infrared dual. The 3d$$ \mathcal{N} $$
N
= 2 mirror dualities can be uplifted to 4d dualities with 4d improved bifundamentals connecting USp(2N) nodes.
Two-loop five-point integrals: light, heavy and large-spin correlators
Authors: Bercini Carlos , Fernandes Bruno , Gonçalves Vasco 
Published: October 2024

Abstract
We evaluated all two-loop conformal integrals appearing in five-point correlation functions of protected operators of $$ \mathcal{N} $$
N
= 4 Super Yang-Mills in several kinematical regimes. Starting from the correlation function of the lightest operators of the theory, we were able to extract structure constants of up to two spinning operators for small and large values of spin and the tensor structure label (polarization). We conjectured an universal all-loop behaviour for the large-spin, small-polarization structure constants and comment on the subtleties of analytically continuing it from finite to large spin. We also consider correlation functions of heavier operators that get factorized in the more fundamental object called decagon. We fixed this object at two loops in general kinematics and studied its physical properties under OPE and null limits.
Quantum Harmonic Analysis for Polyanalytic Fock Spaces
Authors: Fulsche Robert , Hagger Raffael 
Published: November 2024

AbstractWe develop the quantum harmonic analysis framework in the reducible setting and apply our findings to polyanalytic Fock spaces. In particular, we explain some phenomena observed in recent work by the second author and answer a few related open questions. For instance, we show that there exists a symbol such that the corresponding Toeplitz operator is unitary on the analytic Fock space but vanishes completely on one of the true polyanalytic Fock spaces. This follows directly from an explicit characterization of the kernel of the Toeplitz quantization, which we derive using quantum harmonic analysis. Moreover, we show that the Berezin transform is injective on the set of of Toeplitz operators. Finally, we provide several characterizations of the $$\mathcal {C}_1$$

C
1

-algebra in terms of integral kernel estimates and essential commutants.
Exploring optimal methods for age-at-death estimation using pulp/tooth area ratios: a South African study
Authors: Kotze Daniël , Mole Calvin G. , Phillips Vincent M. , Gibbon Victoria E. 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
Age-at-death estimation is pivotal in the identification of unknown human decedents in forensic medicine. The pulp/tooth area ratio (PAR) method, assessing pulp cavity size as a marker of secondary dentine apposition, is widely utilised for adult age estimation. Despite extensive evaluation of this technique, the influence of image type and enamel area inclusion on method accuracy is insufficiently explored. The present study evaluated the PAR method’s applicability using maxillary canines from a South African cadaveric sample, examining reliability, sex bias, and accuracy across different image types and enamel area considerations. An observational, cross-sectional study design was followed. Fifty-two adult maxillary canines were radiographed, sectioned, and analysed using stereomicroscopy. Labiolingual and mesiodistal periapical radiographs, alongside labiolingual stereomicroscopic tooth section images, were analysed using ImageJ to calculate PARs. Age estimation linear regression models were developed for each image type, with and without enamel area inclusion. Models were compared for performance and accuracy using best-subsets regression and cross-validation analyses. Results indicated that the PAR method is a reliable, sex-independent technique, providing relatively accurate age-at-death estimates for South African adults. Image type significantly influenced accuracy, with tooth section images exhibiting the best/lowest error values, followed by labiolingual and mesiodistal radiographs, respectively. Exclusion of enamel area consistently enhanced model performance across all image types. This study contributes valuable data to the underexplored field of dental age estimation techniques for South African adults, highlighting optimal approaches when applying the PAR method to maxillary canines. Additionally, it introduces a refined stereomicroscopic technique, augmenting and enhancing existing practices.
High correlation of quantitative susceptibility mapping and echo intensity measurements of nigral iron overload in Parkinson’s disease
Authors: Luyken Adrian Konstantin , Lappe Chris , Viard Romain , Löhle Matthias , Kleinlein Hanna Rebekka , Kuchcinski Grégory , Langner Sönke , Wenzel Anne-Marie , Walter Michael , Weber Marc-André , Storch Alexander , Devos David , Walter Uwe 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
Quantitative susceptibility mapping (QSM) and transcranial sonography (TCS) offer proximal evaluations of iron load in the substantia nigra. Our prospective study aimed to investigate the relationship between QSM and TCS measurements of nigral iron content in patients with Parkinson’s disease (PD). In secondary analyses, we wanted to explore the correlation of substantia nigra imaging data with clinical and laboratory findings. Eighteen magnetic resonance imaging and TCS examinations were performed in 15 PD patients at various disease stages. Susceptibility measures of substantia nigra were calculated from referenced QSM maps. Echogenicity of substantia nigra on TCS was measured planimetrically (echogenic area) and by digitized analysis (echo-intensity). Iron-related blood serum parameters were measured. Clinical assessments included the Unified PD Rating Scale and non-motor symptom scales. Substantia nigra susceptibility correlated with echogenic area (Pearson correlation, r = 0.53, p = 0.001) and echo-intensity (r = 0.78, p < 0.001). Individual asymmetry indices correlated between susceptibility and echogenic area measurements (r = 0.50, p = 0.042) and, more clearly, between susceptibility and echo-intensity measurements (r = 0.85, p < 0.001). Substantia nigra susceptibility (individual mean of bilateral measurements) correlated with serum transferrin saturation (Spearman test, r = 0.78, p < 0.001) and, by trend, with serum iron (r = 0.69, p = 0.004). Nigral echogenicity was not clearly related to serum values associated with iron metabolism. Susceptibility and echogenicity measurements were unrelated to PD duration, motor subtype, and severity of motor and non-motor symptoms. The present results support the assumption that iron accumulation is involved in the increase of nigral echogenicity in PD. Nigral echo-intensity probably reflects ferritin-bound iron, e.g. stored in microglia.
Slope stability analysis of unsaturated colluvial slopes based on case studies of rainfall-induced landslides
Authors: Amarasinghe Milinda Prasad , Robert Dilan , Kulathilaka Siyabalagodage Athula Senerath , Zhou Annan , Jayathissa Halvithana Athukoralalage Gamini 
Published: October 2024

AbstractLandslides in colluvial soils under rainfall have been identified as a significant problem due to their loose, heterogeneous nature and low shear strength. Evaluation of the stability of colluvial slopes under rainfall conditions is challenging. This study investigated two landslide failure case studies of colluvial soils to understand the failure patterns using finite element (FE) and limit equilibrium (LE) slope stability analysis methods under unsaturated conditions. Transient seepage conditions due to rainfall infiltration and failure were analysed using hydromechanical models. Here, a FE fully coupled hydromechanical model and a sequential coupling of a FE hydrological and LE mechanical model were used to evaluate the failure of variably saturated slopes. Results from the case studies revealed that the failure occurred due to the rise in the groundwater table in both cases. It was evident that there can be significant disparities in the pore water pressure profiles with the fully coupled and sequentially coupled analysis. The dynamic capability of the two models can also affect the interplay between the hydrological and mechanical aspects. When the thickness of the colluvium layer is large, the failure could potentially occur as a deep-seated failure along the boundary of overburden and the bedrock surface due to the large driving force. However, when the thickness is small, failure can occur along the colluvium-weathered rock surface. The outcomes from the study will contribute to mitigate the uncertainty of failure prediction of landslides in colluvial soils.
Odour generalisation and detection dog training
Authors: Caldicott Lyn , Pike Thomas W. , Zulch Helen E. , Mills Daniel S. , Williams Fiona J. , Elliker Kevin R. , Hutchings Bethany , Wilkinson Anna 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
Detection dogs are required to search for and alert to specific odours of interest, such as drugs, cadavers, disease markers and explosives. However, the odour released from different samples of the same target substance will vary for a number of reasons, including the production method, evaporation, degradation, or by being mixed with extraneous odours. Generalisation, the tendency to respond in the same manner to stimuli which are different – but similar to – a conditioned stimulus, is therefore a crucial requirement for working detection dogs. Odour is a complex modality which poses unique challenges in terms of reliably predicting generalisation, when compared with auditory or visual stimuli. The primary aim of this review is to explore recent advances in our understanding of generalisation and the factors that influence it, and to consider these in light of detection dog training methods currently used in the field. We identify potential risks associated with certain training practices, and highlight areas where research is lacking and which warrant further investigation.
A path-based distance computation for non-convexity with applications in clustering
Authors: Ardelean Eugen-Richard , Portase Raluca Laura , Potolea Rodica , Dînșoreanu Mihaela 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
Clustering algorithms are essential in data analysis, but evaluating their performance is challenging when the true labels are not available, especially for non-convex clusters. Traditional performance evaluation metrics struggle to identify clustering quality, often assigning higher scores for linearly separated clusters than the true clusters. We propose an original approach to distance computation that accounts for the data structure, thus improving the clustering quality evaluation for non-convex clusters without affecting other shapes of clusters. We also showcase the applicability of this method through a modified version of K-Means using the proposed method that is capable of correctly separating non-convex clusters. The validation included the analysis of performance and time complexity of 3 traditional clustering quality evaluation metrics and the K-Means clustering algorithm against their augmented versions with the proposed approach. This analysis conducted on 7 benchmark synthetic datasets and 6 real datasets with various numbers of examples and features of diverse characteristics and joint complexities: simple convex clusters, overlapped and imbalanced clusters, and non-convex clusters. Through these analyses, we show the ineffectiveness of traditional methods and that the proposed approach overcomes the weaknesses of traditional methods.
Optimal refund policy design for ship berthing appointment mechanism
Authors: Wang Haoqing , Liu Yan , Du Yuquan , Wang Shuaian 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
Seaports, the nodal and bottleneck points in the global supply chain network, have been making effort to encourage shipping companies to book berths before ships arrive at the ports. The information and communication technology (ICT) system is essential for the success of this effort. We propose an appointment mechanism with a refund policy for the berth booking ICT system to mitigate port congestion. Two refund policies are investigated: cash refund policy and coupon refund policy. We develop a bi-level model that considers the interests of the port and shipping companies, with which the cash refund policy determines its optimal booking fee and the returned cash, and the coupon refund policy determines its optimal booking fee, the value of the coupon, and the shelf life of the coupon. Numerical experiments are conducted to analyze the two refund policies, the reactions of shipping companies with different characteristics, and how the port takes advantage of the characteristics of shipping companies to maximize profit. The proposed appointment mechanism achieves a win-win performance for the port and shipping companies as it increases the income of the port and reduces the delay cost of shipping companies. This study innovatively investigates the refund policy for the berth booking system and helps understand the mechanism of the system, thereby providing theoretical support for applying the berth booking system in the maritime industry. Moreover, this study contributes to alleviating port congestion and to environmental sustainability by reducing ship emissions caused by waiting at port and inappropriate sailing speed.
First Union Formation in Italy: The Role of Micro- and Macro-Level Economic Conditions
Authors: Meggiolaro Silvia , Ongaro Fausta , Pirani Elena 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
In this paper, we use data from the ‘Families and Social Subjects’ survey conducted by the Italian National Institute of Statistics in 2016 to study the impact of micro- and macro-level economic conditions on first co-residential union formation. We aim to determine if and to what extent the probability of forming the first union is explained by individual labour market positions (e.g. having non-standard employment or not having work), and additionally explore if adverse macroeconomic conditions also play a role. We differentiate by union type—marriage and cohabitation—known to be characterised by different levels of union commitment. We also address potential gender differences by conducting separate analyses on men and women. Our results suggest that while micro- and macro-level economic factors matter in the union formation process, their effect varies by gender and union type. Individual economic vulnerability has a greater impact on marriage than on cohabitation for both men and women. Instead, contextual economic uncertainty plays a relevant role, especially in the transition to cohabitation, regardless of gender, and, to a lesser extent, in the transition to marriage, but only for women.
Thermophysical Properties of the Hydrogen Carrier System Based on Aqueous Solutions of Isopropanol or Acetone
Authors: Koller Thomas M. , Jander Julius H. , Kankanamge Chathura J. , Braun Lena M. , Chittem Pranay K. , Kerscher Manuel , Rausch Michael H. , Klein Tobias , Wasserscheid Peter , Fröba Andreas P. 
Published: November 2024

AbstractOne concept for the safe storage and transport of molecular hydrogen (H2) is the use of hydrogen carrier systems which can bind and release hydrogen in repeating cycles. In this context, the liquid system based on isopropanol and its dehydrogenated counterpart acetone is particularly interesting for applications in direct isopropanol fuel cells that are operated with an excess of water. For a comprehensive characterization of diluted aqueous solutions of isopropanol or acetone with technically relevant solute amount fractions between 0.02 and 0.08, their liquid density, liquid viscosity, and interfacial tension were investigated using various light scattering and conventional techniques as well as equilibrium molecular dynamics (EMD) simulations between (283 and 403) K. Polarization-difference Raman spectroscopy (PDRS) was used to monitor the liquid-phase composition during surface light scattering (SLS) experiments on viscosity and interfacial tension. For comparison purposes and to expand the database, capillary viscometry and dynamic light scattering (DLS) from bulk fluids with dispersed particles were also applied to determine the viscosity while the pendant-drop (PD) method allowed access to the interfacial tension. By adding isopropanol or acetone to water, density and, in particular, interfacial tension decrease significantly, while viscosity shows a pronounced increase. The behavior of viscosity and interfacial tension is closely related to the strong hydrogen bonding between the unlike mixture components and the pronounced enrichment of both solutes at the vapor–liquid interface, as revealed by EMD simulations. For an aqueous solution with an isopropanol amount fraction of 0.04, minor variations in interfacial tension and viscosity were found in the presence of pressurized H2 up to 7.5 MPa. Overall, the results from this study contribute to an extended database for diluted aqueous solutions of isopropanol or acetone, especially at temperatures above 323 K.