bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
SkyMapper Southern Survey: First Data Release (DR1)
Authors: Wolf Christian , Onken Christopher A. , Luvaul Lance C. , Schmidt Brian P. , Bessell Michael S. , Chang Seo-Won , Da Costa Gary S. , Mackey Dougal , Martin-Jones Tony , Murphy Simon J. , Preston Tim , Scalzo Richard A. , Shao Li , Smillie Jon , Tisserand Patrick , White Marc C. , Yuan Fang 
Published: February 2018

AbstractWe present the first data release of the SkyMapper Southern Survey, a hemispheric survey carried out with the SkyMapper Telescope at Siding Spring Observatory in Australia. Here, we present the survey strategy, data processing, catalogue construction, and database schema. The first data release dataset includes over 66 000 images from the Shallow Survey component, covering an area of 17 200 deg2 in all six SkyMapper passbands uvgriz, while the full area covered by any passband exceeds 20 000 deg2. The catalogues contain over 285 million unique astrophysical objects, complete to roughly 18 mag in all bands. We compare our griz point-source photometry with Pan-STARRS1 first data release and note an RMS scatter of 2%. The internal reproducibility of SkyMapper photometry is on the order of 1%. Astrometric precision is better than 0.2 arcsec based on comparison with Gaia first data release. We describe the end-user database, through which data are presented to the world community, and provide some illustrative science queries.
Domestic Colonies in Canada: Rethinking the Definition of Colony
Authors: Arneil Barbara 
Published: February 2018

AbstractWhat is a colony? In this article, I reconsider the meaning of colony in light of the existence of domestic colonies in Canada around the turn of the twentieth century. The two case studies examined are farm colonies for the mentally disabled and ill in Ontario and British Columbia and utopian colonies for Doukhobors in Saskatchewan. I show how both kinds of colonies are characterized by the same three principles found in Lockean settler colonialism: segregation, agrarian labour on uncultivated soil and improvement/cultivation of people and land. Defining “colony” in this way is theoretically interesting as it is different from the definition found in most dictionaries and post-colonial scholarship. There is also an inherent contradiction within domestic colonies as they both support state power over indigenous peoples, Doukhobors and the mentally ill and disabled but also challenge the principles of domination, individualism, private property and sovereignty upon which the Canadian settler state was founded.
Non-Negative Curvature, Elliptic Genus and Unbounded Pontryagin Numbers
Authors: Herrmann Martin , Weisskopf Nicolas 
Published: February 2018

AbstractWe discuss the cobordism type of spin manifolds with non-negative sectional curvature. We show that in each dimension 4k⩾ 12, there are infinitely many cobordism types of simply connected and non-negatively curved spin manifolds. Moreover, we raise and analyse a question about possible cobordism obstructions to non-negative curvature.
MtDNA allows the sensitive detection and haplotyping of the crayfish plague disease agentAphanomyces astacishowing clues about its origin and migration
Authors: Makkonen Jenny , Jussila Japo , Panteleit Jörn , Keller Nina Sophie , Schrimpf Anne , Theissinger Kathrin , Kortet Raine , Martín-Torrijos Laura , Sandoval-Sierra Jose Vladimir , Diéguez-Uribeondo Javier , Kokko Harri 
Published: February 2018

AbstractThe oomyceteAphanomyces astaci, the causative agent of crayfish plague, is listed as one of the 100 worst invasive species in the world, destroying the native crayfish populations throughout Eurasia. The aim of this study was to examine the potential of selected mitochondrial (mt) genes to track the diversity of the crayfish plague pathogenA. astaci. Two sets of primers were developed to amplify the mtDNA of ribosomal rnnS and rnnL subunits. We confirmed two main lineages, with four different haplogroups and five haplotypes among 27 studiedA. astacistrains. The haplogroups detected were (1) the A-haplogroup with the a-haplotype strains originating fromOrconectessp.,Pacifastacus leniusculusandAstacus astacus; (2) the B-haplogroup with the b-haplotype strains originating from theP. leniusculus; (3) the D-haplogroup with the d1 and d2-haplotypes strains originating fromProcambarus clarkii; and (4) the E-haplogroup with the e-haplotype strains originating from theOrconectes limosus. The described markers are stable and reliable and the results are easily repeatable in different laboratories. The present method has high applicability as it allows the detection and characterization of theA. astacihaplotype in acute disease outbreaks in the wild, directly from the infected crayfish tissue samples.
An International Law Approach to Food Regime Theory
Authors: SAAB ANNE 
Published: February 2018

AbstractHunger and food insecurity are viewed as global problems, requiring global responses. Even though there is no distinct field of ‘international food law’, many areas of international law in some way deal with issues related to global hunger and food insecurity. Hunger and food insecurity are immensely complex problems that cannot possibly be understood and addressed through an inherently limited disciplinary perspective. This article argues that food regime theory – an analytical tool developed and used mostly in the field of sociology – can provide a useful means through which to better lay bare the role of international law in constituting global food relations. If international lawyers are serious about contributing to reducing global hunger and realizing food security, it is imperative to situate international law and its specialized fields within the broader political economy of food.
Tackling the urban housing problem in the Irish Free State, 1922–1940
Authors: MCMANUS RUTH 
Published: February 2018

ABSTRACT:At its inception, the Irish Free State faced an apparently intractable housing problem that required immediate action. This article examines the legislation enacted in the 1920s and 1930s, focusing on its impact on local authority housing in Ireland's provincial towns. Whereas the 1932 Housing Act has generally been heralded as the start of a concerted attack on the slums, this assertion is re-evaluated in the context of the debates of the 1920s. Following an overview of the national situation, a case-study of Ballina, Co. Mayo, explores the impacts of the housing drive. State-aided housing schemes made a significant contribution to the housing stock between 1923 and 1940. Although characterized by contemporary media as a triumph, however, the housing drive raised many issues including build quality, costs, opposition and social segregation. The article considers some of these challenges and raises a number of questions for future consideration.
What factors may contribute to sex differences in childhood obesity prevalence in China?
Authors: Wang Vivian HC , Min Jungwon , Xue Hong , Du Shufa , Xu Fei , Wang Huijun , Wang Youfa 
Published: February 2018

AbstractObjectivePrevious studies in China showed large sex differences in childhood overweight and obesity (OW/OB) rates. However, limited research has examined the cause of these sex differences. The present study aimed to examine individual and parental/familial factors associated with sex differences in childhood OW/OB rates in China.DesignVariables associated with child weight status, beliefs and behaviours, and obesity-related parenting practices were selected to examine their sex differences and association with a sex difference in child OW/OB outcomes using logistic regression analysis.SettingCross-sectional data analysis using the 2011 China Health and Nutrition Survey.SubjectsChildren aged 6–17 years (n 1544) and their parents.ResultsOverall child OW/OB prevalence was 16·8 %. Adolescent boys (AB; 12–17 years) were about twice as likely to be overweight/obese as adolescent girls (AG; 15·5 v. 8·4 %, P<0·05). AB more likely had energy intake exceeding recommendations, self-perceived underweight, underestimated their body weight and were satisfied with their physical activity level than AG. AG more likely practised weight-loss management through diet and self-perceived overweight than AB. Mothers more likely identified AG’s weight accurately but underestimated AB’s weight. Stronger associations with risk of childhood OW/OB were found in boys than girls in dieting to lose weight (OR=6·7 in boys v. 2·6 in girls) and combined maternal and child perception of the child’s overweight (OR=35·4 in boys v. 14·2 in girls).ConclusionsLarge sex differences in childhood obesity may be related to the sex disparities in weight-related beliefs and behaviours among children and their parents in China.
IGF-I induced phosphorylation of PTH receptor enhances osteoblast to osteocyte transition
Authors: Qiu Tao , Crane Janet L. , Xie Liang , Xian Lingling , Xie Hui , Cao Xu 
Published: February 2018

AbstractParathyroid hormone (PTH) regulates bone remodeling by activating PTH type 1 receptor (PTH1R) in osteoblasts/osteocytes. Insulin-like growth factor type 1 (IGF-1) stimulates mesenchymal stem cell differentiation to osteoblasts. However, little is known about the signaling mechanisms that regulates the osteoblast-to-osteocyte transition. Here we report that PTH and IGF-I synergistically enhance osteoblast-to-osteocyte differentiation. We identified that a specific tyrosine residue, Y494, on the cytoplasmic domain of PTH1R can be phosphorylated by insulin-like growth factor type I receptor (IGF1R) in vitro. Phosphorylated PTH1R localized to the barbed ends of actin filaments and increased actin polymerization during morphological change of osteoblasts into osteocytes. Disruption of the phosphorylation site reduced actin polymerization and dendrite length. Mouse models with conditional ablation of PTH1R in osteoblasts demonstrated a reduction in the number of osteoctyes and dendrites per osteocyte, with complete overlap of PTH1R with phosphorylated-PTH1R positioning in osteocyte dendrites in wild-type mice. Thus, our findings reveal a novel signaling mechanism that enhances osteoblast-to-osteocyte transition by direct phosphorylation of PTH1R by IGF1R.
SLC2A5 promotes lung adenocarcinoma cell growth and metastasis by enhancing fructose utilization
Authors: Weng Yuanyuan , Fan Xueyu , Bai Yongfeng , Wang Siwei , Huang Hui , Yang Huimin , Zhu Jin , Zhang Feng 
Published: February 2018

AbstractThe metabolism of cancer cells is highly plastic. Cancer cells can change their preference for nutrient uptake under nutrient stress. Fructose is one of the most common carbohydrates in diet and its metabolism is also involved in the development and progression of tumors. GLUT5, encoded by SLC2A5, is the specific fructose transporter in mammalian cells. In this study, we found that SLC2A5 is significantly upregulated in lung adenocarcinoma (LUAD) patients and overexpression of SLC2A5 is highly correlated with poor prognosis of LUAD patients. The expression of SLC2A5 determined fructose uptake and utilization efficacy in LUAD cells. GLUT5 is critical for the survival of LUAD cells in fructose-containing culture medium. Depletion of SLC2A5 undermined cell proliferation and invasion meanwhile increased cell apoptosis. Overexpression of SLC2A5 enhances cell proliferation, migration, invasion, and tumorigenic. Compared to glucose, fructose is prone to strengthen intracellular-free fatty acid accumulation and ATP production. Moreover, inhibition of GLUT5 by specific small chemical inhibitor sensitizes LUAD cells to paclitaxel treatment. Taken together, our results suggest that GLUT5 could be a potential target alone or combination with other treatment for lung cancer therapy.
SESN2 negatively regulates cell proliferation and casein synthesis by inhibition the amino acid-mediated mTORC1 pathway in cow mammary epithelial cells
Authors: Luo Chaochao , Zhao Shengguo , Zhang Muchen , Gao Yanan , Wang Jiaqi , Hanigan Mark D. , Zheng Nan 
Published: February 2018

AbstractAmino acids (AA) are one of the key nutrients that regulate cell proliferation and casein synthesis in cow mammary epithelial cells (CMEC), but the mechanism of this regulation is not yet clear. In this study, the effect of SESN2 on AA-mediated cell proliferation and casein synthesis in CMEC was assessed. After 12 h of AA starvation, CMECs were cultured in the absence of all AA (AA−), in the presences of only essential AA (EAA+), or of all AA (AA+). Cell proliferation, casein expression, and activation of the mammalian target of rapamycin complex 1 (mTORC1) pathway were increased; but SESN2 expression was decreased in response to increased EAA or AA supply. Overexpressing or inhibiting SESN2 demonstrated that cell proliferation, casein expression, and activation of the mTORC1 pathway were all controlled by SESN2 expression. Furthermore, the increase in cell proliferation, casein expression, and activation of the mTORC1 pathway in response to AA supply was inhibited by overexpressing SESN2, and those effects were reversed by inhibiting SESN2. These results indicate that SESN2 is an important inhibitor of mTORC1 in CMEC blocking AA-mediated cell proliferation and casein synthesis.
Lamprey Prohibitin2 Arrest G2/M Phase Transition of HeLa Cells through Down-regulating Expression and Phosphorylation Level of Cell Cycle Proteins
Authors: Shi Ying , Guo Sicheng , Wang Ying , Liu Xin , Li Qingwei , Li Tiesong 
Published: February 2018

AbstractProhibitin 2(PHB2) is a member of the SFPH trans-membrane family proteins. It is a highly conserved and functionally diverse protein that plays an important role in preserving the structure and function of the mitochondria. In this study, the lamprey PHB2 gene was expressed in HeLa cells to investigate its effect on cell proliferation. The effect of Lm-PHB2 on the proliferation of HeLa cells was determined by treating the cells with pure Lm-PHB2 protein followed by MTT assay. Using the synchronization method with APC-BrdU and PI double staining revealed rLm-PHB2 treatment induced the decrease of both S phase and G0/G1 phase and then increase of G2/M phase. Similarly, cells transfected with pEGFP-N1-Lm-PHB2 also exhibited remarkable reduction in proliferation. Western blot and quantitative real-time PCR(qRT-PCR) assays suggested that Lm-PHB2 caused cell cycle arrest in HeLa cells through inhibition of CDC25C and CCNB1 expression. According to our western blot analysis, Lm-PHB2 was also found to reduce the expression level of Wee1 and PLK1 and the phosphorylation level of CCNB1, CDC25C and CDK1 in HeLa cells. Lamprey prohibitin 2 could arrest G2/M phase transition of HeLa cells through down-regulating expression and phosphorylation level of cell cycle proteins.
A Printed Organic Amplification System for Wearable Potentiometric Electrochemical Sensors
Authors: Shiwaku Rei , Matsui Hiroyuki , Nagamine Kuniaki , Uematsu Mayu , Mano Taisei , Maruyama Yuki , Nomura Ayako , Tsuchiya Kazuhiko , Hayasaka Kazuma , Takeda Yasunori , Fukuda Takashi , Kumaki Daisuke , Tokito Shizuo 
Published: February 2018

AbstractElectrochemical sensor systems with integrated amplifier circuits play an important role in measuring physiological signals via in situ human perspiration analysis. Signal processing circuitry based on organic thin-film transistors (OTFTs) have significant potential in realizing wearable sensor devices due to their superior mechanical flexibility and biocompatibility. Here, we demonstrate a novel potentiometric electrochemical sensing system comprised of a potassium ion (K+) sensor and amplifier circuits employing OTFT-based pseudo-CMOS inverters, which have a highly controllable switching voltage and closed-loop gain. The ion concentration sensitivity of the fabricated K+ sensor was 34 mV/dec, which was amplified to 160 mV/dec (by a factor of 4.6) with high linearity. The developed system is expected to help further the realization of ultra-thin and flexible wearable sensor devices for healthcare applications.
M-dwarf exoplanet surface density distribution
Authors: Meyer Michael R. , Amara Adam , Reggiani Maddalena , Quanz Sascha P. 
Published: February 2018

Aims. We fit a log-normal function to the M-dwarf orbital surface density distribution of gas giant planets, over the mass range 1–10 times that of Jupiter, from 0.07 to 400 AU.
Methods. We used a Markov chain Monte Carlo approach to explore the likelihoods of various parameter values consistent with point estimates of the data given our assumed functional form.
Results. This fit is consistent with radial velocity, microlensing, and direct-imaging observations, is well-motivated from theoretical and phenomenological points of view, and predicts results of future surveys. We present probability distributions for each parameter and a maximum likelihood estimate solution.
Conclusions. We suggest that this function makes more physical sense than other widely used functions, and we explore the implications of our results on the design of future exoplanet surveys.
Effects of Risperidone and Aripiprazole on Serum Levels of Prolactin, Testosterone and Estradiol in Female Patients with Schizophrenia
Authors: Jiang Xiao-Jia , Wu Fu-Xi , Zhang Jian-Ping , Shi Lei , Hu Jin-Qing , Zhu Hai-Zhen , Xiao Bing , Lin Wei-Cheng , Wen Yu-Guan , Shang De-Wei 
Published: February 2018

Abstract
Objective To evaluate the effects of treatment with risperidone and aripiprazole on serum prolactin, testosterone and estradiol levels in female patients with schizophrenia in China.
Methods In the retrospective study, Data were collected and included prolactin, testosterone and estradiol levels of 30 female patients with risperidone monotherapy. In the prospective study, Another 30 female schizophrenic patients were randomized to receive risperidone or adjunctive aripiprazole for six weeks. Serum prolactin, testosterone and estradiol levels were measured.
Results Serum prolactin, testosterone and estradiol levels in both studies were significantly decreased after risperidone treatment compared with baseline (P<0.05), and prolactin levels remained at a high level. Serum prolactin levels in the adjunctive aripiprazole group were significantly decreased after treatment compared with baseline in the prospective study (P<0.05). Doses of 5 mg and 10 mg of adjunctive aripiprazole achieved the same efficacy at the end of treatment.
Conclusions Risperidone treatment decreased serum testosterone and estradiol levels. Adjunctive aripiprazole relieved hyperprolactinemia, but had no effect on testosterone or estradiol levels. Adjunctive aripiprazole at a dose of 5 mg is recommended for clinical use.
Acquisition of scalar implicatures
Authors: Snape Neal , Hosoi Hironobu 
Published: February 2018

AbstractOur study investigates the second language (L2) acquisition of scalar implicaturessomeandall. We set out to answer two research questions based on three theoretical accounts, the lexical, pragmatic and syntactic accounts. In an experiment we include English and Japanese native speakers, and intermediate and advanced Japanese L2 learners of English. We used quantifierssomeandallin ‘Yes/No’ questions in a context with sets of toy fruits, where pragmatic answers are expected, e.g., a ‘No’ response to the question ‘Are some of the strawberries in the red circle?’ (when a set of 14/14 strawberries are placed inside a red circle). Our individual results indicate that L2 learners are generally more pragmatic in their responses than native English speakers. But, there are neither significant differences between groups nor significant differences between L2 proficiency levels. We consider the implications of our findings for the acquisition of L2 semantics and pragmatics.
From the heavy to the light verb
Authors: Sanromán Vilas Begoña 
Published: February 2018

AbstractThe study aims to show that the selection of the Spanish light verbtomar‘to take’ within a light verb construction (LVC), rather than being arbitrary, is based on its meaning. To support this claim the hypothesis of semantic compatibility is tested. According to this hypothesis, light verbs are paradigmatically related to their heavier counterparts and syntagmatically to the nouns within the same LVC by means of components of meaning called lexical features. After a fine-grained analysis of the polysemous verbtomar, the study provides a tentative list of lexical features that function as semantic links between the lexical units within the polysemoustomar, as well as elements of semantic agreement between the components within the same LVC.
Altered metabolism distinguishes high-risk from stable carotid atherosclerotic plaques
Authors: Tomas Lukas , Edsfeldt Andreas , Mollet Inês G , Perisic Matic Ljubica , Prehn Cornelia , Adamski Jerzy , Paulsson-Berne Gabrielle , Hedin Ulf , Nilsson Jan , Bengtsson Eva , Gonçalves Isabel , Björkbacka Harry 
Published: February 2018

Abstract

Aims
Identification and treatment of the rupture prone atherosclerotic plaque remains a challenge for reducing the burden of cardiovascular disease. The interconnection of metabolic and inflammatory processes in rupture prone plaques is poorly understood. Herein, we investigate associations between metabolite profiles, inflammatory mediators and vulnerability in carotid atherosclerotic plaques.

Methods and results
We collected 159 carotid plaques from patients undergoing endarterectomy and measured 165 different metabolites in a targeted metabolomics approach. We identified a metabolite profile in carotid plaques that associated with histologically evaluated vulnerability and inflammatory mediators, as well as presence of symptoms in patients. The distinct metabolite profiles identified in high-risk and stable plaques were in line with different transcription levels of metabolic enzymes in the two groups, suggesting an altered metabolism in high-risk plaques. The altered metabolic signature in high-risk plaques was consistent with a change to increased glycolysis, elevated amino acid utilization and decreased fatty acid oxidation, similar to what is found in activated leucocytes and cancer cells.

Conclusion
These results highlight a possible key role of cellular metabolism to support inflammation and a high-risk phenotype of atherosclerotic plaques. Targeting the metabolism of atherosclerotic plaques with novel metabolic radiotracers or inhibitors might therefore be valid future approaches to identify and treat the high-risk atherosclerotic plaque.
1D anyons in relativistic field theory
Authors: Yamamoto Arata 
Published: February 2018

Abstract
We study relativistic anyon field theory in 1+1 dimensions. While (2+1)-dimensional anyon fields are equivalent to boson or fermion fields coupled with the Chern–Simons gauge fields, (1+1)-dimensional anyon fields are equivalent to boson or fermion fields with many-body interaction. We derive the path integral representation and perform a lattice Monte Carlo simulation.