bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Political language patterns’ dissemination between a political leader and his campaign community: a CMC corpora analysis
Authors: Longhi Julien , Marinica Claudia , Després Zakarya 
Published: July 2019

AbstractPolitical campaigns are important moments for a political personality, but for their campaigners as well. During this period, ideas flow between the two, and one can wonder how the discourse of a political personality is constructed and how they use what the campaigners say. This way, one can understand the rhetorical strategies of the political personalities during campaigns.To answer these questions, in this paper we discuss the dissemination of political language patterns between a political personality and a campaign community, as a way to access political representations and ideological issues. In particular, this involves evaluating the polyphonic dimension of the discourse, widely described in enunciative linguistics, but rarely used in NLP works seeking to measure these phenomena. In this paper, we put forward an analysis methodology based on statistical computations which provides encouraging results. We tested our methodology on the case of Jean-Luc Mélenchon, a French political personality, head of the France Insoumise party and candidate in the 2017 French presidential elections. We used two corpora: one composed of a set of tweets from Jean-Luc Mélenchon, and a second composed of two sets of data coming from two different forums used by the campaign community. In the study, we compare the results from both corpora to provide answers to the political question of the construction and circulation of political ideas, studying a movement with a charismatic leader and an important campaign community. From a linguistic point of view, we discuss the links between language elements, themes, ideologies, and the rhetoric dimensions of political discourse.
What you see is what you get: activity-based probes in single-cell analysis of enzymatic activities
Authors: Lentz Christian S. 
Published: July 2019

Abstract
Molecular imaging methods can provide spatio-temporal information about the distribution of biomolecules or biological processes, such as certain enzymatic activities, in single cells. Within a cell, it is possible to define the subcellular location of a target, its trafficking through the cell, colocalization with other biomolecules of interest and involvement in certain cell biological processes. On the other hand, single-cell imaging promises to distinguish cells that are phenotypically different from each other. The corresponding cellular diversity comprises the presence of functionally distinct cells in a population (‘phenotypic heterogeneity’), as well as dynamic cellular responses to external stimuli (‘phenotypic plasticity’), which is highly relevant, e.g. during cell differentiation, activation (of immune cells), or cell death. This review focuses on applications of a certain class of chemical probes, the so-called activity-based probes (ABPs), for visualization of enzymatic activities in the single-cell context. It discusses the structure of ABPs and other chemical probes, exemplary applications of ABPs in single-cell studies in human, mouse and bacterial systems and considerations to be made with regard to data interpretation.
Tooth wear patterns in subjects with class II division 1 and class II division 2 malocclusion
Authors: Agnani Sankalp , Bajaj Kamal , Mehta Siddharth , Pandey Lavesh 
Published: July 2019

AbstractIntroductionThere is an increasing trend of malocclusion among children, so it is necessary to identify the cause of the tooth wear so that the orthodontist can treat the patient accordingly. It is necessary to determine the wear patterns of different malocclusions. Therefore, the aim of our study was to compare the patterns of tooth wear among two categories of Angle’s class II malocclusions, i.e. class II division 1 and class II division 2.Material and methodsThe sample consisted of 100 pretreatment orthodontic patients in the age group of 15–25 years with Angle’s class II malocclusion and were divided into following two groups: (a) Group 1: 50 subjects with full cusp Angle’s class II division 1 malocclusion. (b) Group 2: 50 subjects with full cusp Angle’s class II division 2 malocclusion. Clinical examination of the patients for tooth wear was done supplemented with dental casts, intraoral photographs and intraoral radiographs. Then each group was assessed for severity of tooth wear according to modified tooth wear index (TWI) given by de Carvalo Sales-Peres et al. Scores were subjected to statistical analysis and the pattern of tooth wear among the two groups of class II malocclusion was compared. A correlation between the gender of the patient and the tooth wear was also determined. The level of statistical significance (p-value) was less than 0.05.ResultsThe class II division 1 subjects showed statistically greater wear on the occlusal surfaces of the maxillary canines, first, second premolar and first molar, and the occlusal surfaces of the mandibular first molars. The class II division 2 subjects showed statistically greater tooth wear on the labial surfaces of the mandibular central and lateral incisors, the incisal surface of maxillary and mandibular incisors, the palatal surfaces of the maxillary second premolars, first and second molars. In class II division 1 subjects, the tooth wear was significant on the buccal surface of maxillary canines, occlusal surface of mandibular first premolars and second molars in males. In class II division 2 subjects, the tooth wear was significant on the buccal surface of mandibular canines, palatal surface of maxillary central incisors in females and palatal surface of maxillary first premolars in males.ConclusionsThe results of this study suggested that the two categories of Angle’s class II malocclusion have different tooth-wear patterns. The wear patterns were different in both the sexes. Men showed higher occlusal wear scores than did women. The findings also suggest that tooth wear in relation to malocclusion is physiologic and is due to dissimilar interocclusal arrangement.
Numerical Examination of the Entropic Energy Harvesting in a Magnetohydrodynamic Dissipative Flow of Stokes’ Second Problem: Utilization of the Gear-Generalized Differential Quadrature Method
Authors: Wakif Abderrahim , Qasim Muhammad , Afridi Muhammad Idrees , Saleem Salman , Al-Qarni M. M. 
Published: July 2019

Abstract
The main purpose of this numerical investigation is to estimate energetically the thermo-magnetohydrodynamic (MHD) irreversibility arising in Stokes’ second problem by successfully applying the first and second thermodynamic laws to the unsteady MHD free convection flow of an electrically conducting dissipative fluid. This fluid flow is assumed to originate periodically in time over a vertical oscillatory plate which is heated with uniformly distributed temperature and flowing in the presence of viscous dissipation and Ohmic heating effects. Moreover, the mathematical model governing the studied flow is formulated in the form of dimensional partial differential equations (PDEs), which are transformed into non-dimensional ones with the help of appropriate mathematical transformations. The expressions of entropy generation and the Bejan number are also derived formally from the velocity and temperature fields. Mathematically, the resulting momentum and energy conservation equations are solved accurately by utilizing a novel hybrid numerical procedure called the Gear-Generalized Differential Quadrature Method (GGDQM). Furthermore, the velocity and temperature fields obtained numerically by the GGDQM are exploited thereafter for computing the entropy generation and Bejan number. Finally, the impacts of the various emerging flow parameters are emphasized and discussed in detail with the help of tabular and graphical illustrations. Our principal result is that the entropy generation is maximum near the oscillating boundary. In addition, this thermodynamic quantity can rise with increasing values of the Eckert number and the Prandtl number, whereas it can be reduced by increasing the magnetic parameter and the temperature difference parameter.
Erhöhen berufliche Lizenzen Verdienste und die Verdienstungleichheit?
Authors: Haupt Andreas 
Published: July 2019

Zusammenfassung:
Für die Ausübung einiger Berufe in Deutschland ist eine staatliche Erlaubnis, eine sogenannte berufliche Lizenz, notwendig. Es ist bisher für Deutschland ungeklärt, auf welcher Grundlage diese Form beruflicher Geschlossenheit basiert und welche Konsequenzen sie für die Verdienststruktur hat. Der Artikel beschreibt, dass berufliche Lizenzierung in komplexe Institutionen eingebunden ist, die sowohl zur Regulation des Marktzutritts als auch zur Regulation der Preisbildung für berufliche Tätigkeiten führen. Die daraus resultierenden ökonomischen Vorteile lizenzierter Erwerbstätiger lassen sich am besten als Schutz nach unten deuten. Entgegen vorherrschender Annahmen sind Verdienstvorteile in den oberen Bereichen der Verteilung geringer als in den unteren Bereichen. Dadurch wird die Verdienstungleichheit in Deutschland insgesamt gesenkt. Resultate bedingter und unbedingter Quantilregressionen auf Basis der BIBB/BAuA-Erwerbstätigenbefragung von 2012 unterstützen beide Thesen.
Test and Evaluation of Using Thermoelectric Technology to Monitor the Wear of the Journal Bearing of a Diesel Engine
Authors: Zhu Jun , Xie Zhong-Qing , Gao Hong-liang , Zhan Xi-sheng 
Published: July 2019

Abstract
The journal bearing is a key and vulnerable component of a large diesel engine. Once the journal bearing fails to work, it is very difficult repair. On-line monitoring of the wear of the journal bearing has always been one of the research hotspots. Firstly, the monitoring mechanism of the thermoelectric method is discussed in the article. Secondly, the structural characteristics of a 6DK20 marine medium speed diesel engine are analyzed. Thirdly, by using the thermoelectric sensor designed by the research and development team led by the author, the parameters of typical wear state with load conditions are measured. Finally, the directivity of thermoelectric signals is analyzed, and the variation law of the peak value of thermoelectric signals is researched corresponding to the ignition point of time of the diesel engine under typical wear states with load conditions. The results show that the thermoelectric signals reflect the wear and running state of journal bearings and have good directivity and transient feature. Therefore, it has great research value and application value to the evaluation of the wear and failure of journal bearings by thermoelectric technology.
Laboratory Measurement of Excavation Disturbance Effect Due to Trenchless Construction Using Distributed Fiber Optics Strain Sensing
Authors: Li Yue , Wang Hao , Cai Jing , Song Ge 
Published: July 2019

Abstract
Excavation disturbance induced by trenchless construction may lead to underground movement and deformation, which can be a potential hazard to the safety of overlying pavement structure. However, the development of a fiber optic–distributed sensing approach in recent years has provide an effective way for continuous measurement of soil strain. In this study, the mechanism of the excavation disturbance effect that is due to trenchless construction was investigated based on laboratory experiments. The sensing fibers were embedded within the overburden layer above the excavation surface to measure the distributed soil strain using Brillouin optical time-domain analysis. The relationships between ground settlements and soil strains were analyzed. The partition theory of excavation disturbance zone was verified based on test results. The influence of excavation on mechanical responses of overlying model pavement, including bending deformation and soil pressure, was measured and discussed. Laboratory test results indicated that soil strains were nearly symmetrically distributed around the excavation area, which was compressive close to the centerline and then became tensile on both sides of the excavation area. The width of the excavation disturbance zone derived from the soil strain measurements was found close to the calculation results based on the partition theory. Because of the uneven distribution of the support force that was caused by foundation settlement, the model pavement showed notable bending deformation after excavation. Therefore, the combined effects of traffic loading and excavation disturbance should be considered in the safety evaluation of trenchless construction.
Design of Compliant Mechanism Microgripper Utilizing the Hoekens Straight Line Mechanism
Authors: Gopal V. , Alphin M. S. , Bharanidaran R. 
Published: July 2019

Abstract
Precision engineering industries demand devices with high-precision motion, the manipulation of micro-objects in particular, which is a highly challenging task. The microgripper is an essential device during the micromanipulation of objects. Precision manipulations of objects entirely depend on the design of the microgripper and are complicated to achieve using the conventional rigid link mechanism. The compliant mechanism is found to overcome the complexities of the rigid link mechanism in precision applications. The micro-object may slip or slide during gripping and releasing, which can be controlled through parallel movement of the gripping jaws. This research article focuses on the design of a compliant microgripper with parallel moving jaws by employing the Hoekens straight line mechanism. The Hoekens mechanism consists of binary and ternary revolute joints, which demand a special type of flexure hinges. Hence, the article introduces the cartwheel type of flexure hinges, as cartwheel-type flexure hinges are more suitable to achieve rotational deformation, values approximating nearly to that of the traditional revolute joint when it transfers motion between fixed and moving links. The outer rim of the cartwheel is modified to allow ternary and binary joints between moving links. Cartwheel is designed with curved flexure arms that are limited to eight numbers of flexures. The structural behavior of the cartwheel is analyzed by varying numbered flexures from 1 to 8. The minimum number of flexure arms required for having better rotational performance is determined through Finite Element Analysis (FEA). An appropriate type of cartwheel is positioned in the mechanism. The structural performance of the designed microgripper is carried out through FEA, and its parallel movement is verified. The microgripper is fabricated from structural steel through wire Electrical Discharge Machining (EDM) technique and actuated using Shape Memory Alloy wire. The displacement of the microgripper jaw is experimentally measured, and the results show a promising improvement.
Finite-time synchronization of Markovian neural networks with proportional delays and discontinuous activations
Authors: Liu Yujiao , Wan Xiaoxiao , Wu Enli , Yang Xinsong , Alsaadi Fuad E. E. , Hayat Tasawar 
Published: July 2019

In this paper, finite-time synchronization of neural networks (NNs) with discontinuous activation functions (DAFs), Markovian switching, and proportional delays is studied in the framework of Filippov solution. Since proportional delay is unbounded and different from infinite-time distributed delay and classical finite-time analytical techniques are not applicable anymore, new 1-norm analytical techniques are developed. Controllers with and without the sign function are designed to overcome the effects of the uncertainties induced by Filippov solutions and further synchronize the considered NNs in a finite time. By designing new Lyapunov functionals and using M-matrix method, sufficient conditions are derived to guarantee that the considered NNs realize synchronization in a settling time without introducing any free parameters. It is shown that, though the proportional delay can be unbounded, complete synchronization can still be realized, and the settling time can be explicitly estimated. Moreover, it is discovered that controllers with sign function can reduce the control gains, while controllers without the sign function can overcome chattering phenomenon. Finally, numerical simulations are given to show the effectiveness of theoretical results.
On weakly ℌ-embedded subgroups and p-nilpotence of finite groups
Authors: Asaad Mohamed 
Published: July 2019

Abstract
Let G be a finite group and H a subgroup of G. We say that H is an ℌ-subgroup of G if NG (H) ∩ Hg ≤ H for all g ∈G; H is called weakly ℌ-embedded in G if G has a normal subgroup K such that HG = HK and H ∩ K is an ℌ-subgroup of G, where HG is the normal clousre of H in G, i. e., HG = 〈Hg|g ∈ G〉. In this paper, we study the p-nilpotence of a group G under the assumption that every subgroup of order d of a Sylow p-subgroup P of G with 1 < d < |P| is weakly ℌ-embedded in G. Many known results related to p-nilpotence of a group G are generalized.
Pan-Cancer Analysis of CDK12 Loss-of-Function Alterations and Their Association with the Focal Tandem-Duplicator Phenotype
Authors: Sokol Ethan S. , Pavlick Dean , Frampton Garrett M. , Ross Jeffrey S. , Miller Vincent A. , Ali Siraj M. , Lotan Tamara L. , Pardoll Drew M. , Chung Jon H. , Antonarakis Emmanuel S. 
Published: July 2019

Abstract

Background
CDK12 loss-of-function (LOF) genomic alterations are associated with focal tandem duplications (FTDs) in ovarian and prostate cancers. Because these FTDs may produce fusion-induced neoantigens (FINAs), CDK12 alteration is a candidate biomarker for immune checkpoint inhibitor sensitivity. Here we determine the prevalence of CDK12-LOF alterations and their association with FTDs across diverse tumor types.

Materials and Methods
A total of 142,133 tumor samples comprising 379 cancer types were sequenced (August 2014 to April 2018) by hybrid capture-based comprehensive genomic profiling (Foundation Medicine, Cambridge, MA) as part of routine clinical care. Results were analyzed for base substitutions, short insertions/deletions, rearrangements, and copy number alterations. CDK12-LOF genomic alterations were assessed for zygosity status and association with FTDs/focal copy number gain.

Results
CDK12 genomic alterations were detected in 1.1% of all cases, most frequently in prostate cancer (5.6%), but were also observed at &gt;1% frequency in 11 cancer types. Across multiple cancer types, including prostate, gastric/esophageal, ovarian, breast, and endometrial cancer, the number of FTDs was significantly increased in CDK12-LOF versus CDK12 wild-type cases. Notably, CDK12-LOF was not consistently associated with a homologous recombination deficiency genomic signature. Quantitative assessment of CDK12-associated FTDs by measurement of single copy number gains identified novel likely deleterious CDK12 kinase-domain mutations in prostate and ovarian cancers.

Conclusion
Detection of CDK12-LOF genomic alterations and their association with FTDs in a diverse spectrum of malignancies suggests that immunotherapy approaches targeting FINAs derived from CDK12-associated FTDs may be a broadly applicable strategy that could be explored across cancer types in a tumor-agnostic manner.

Implications for Practice
CDK12 inactivation in ovarian and prostate cancer results in the generation of focal tandem duplications, which can cause fusion-induced neoantigens. In prostate cancer, CDK12 alterations have demonstrated promise as a potential predictive biomarker for response to immune checkpoint blockade. This study evaluated genomic profiling data from &gt;142,000 tumors to determine the prevalence of CDK12 loss-of-function genomic alterations across tumor types and demonstrated that CDK12 alterations are associated with the tandem-duplicator phenotype in cancer types other than ovarian and prostate cancer. The association of CDK12 alterations with focal tandem duplications across broad cancer types suggests that CDK12 inactivation warrants further investigation as a pan-cancer biomarker for immunotherapy benefit.
Penerapan Self Generated Analogy sebagai Upaya Meningkatkan Kemampuan Berpikir Kreatif Siswa SMA pada Materi Sistem Peredaran Darah
Authors: Islamiati Fiqa , Kusnadi Kusnadi , Suhara Suhara 
Published: July 2019

The aim of the reseatch want to analyze the improvement of students’ creative thinking ability in blood circulation system by applying self generated analogy. This research was done in a Public High School in Cimahi and was applied to two classes, the experiment class with 36 students and control class with 31 students.The method used for this research was quasi experimental. The samplewas selected by purposive technique. The data werecollectedby doing creative thinking ability test in form of essay, students’ questionnaire, and classroom observation. The difference of creative thinking ability was reviewed form the result of the test given before and after treatment, and the improvement was seen using N-gain. The test result was compared by doing a statistical test using a software program, SPSS statistic 16.The result of the research shows that there is a significant difference in the creative thinking ability between the treatment and control group class, with a high improvement in the treatment class and medium improvement in control class. The average of posttest in the self generated analogy class is 83,2higher than the control class, which is 65,9. The N-gain result of creative thinking ability in the treatment class is around 0,59 (high category) whereas the control class is around 0,28 (low category). It shows that self generated analogy improves students’ creative thinking ability. The questionnaire showpositive response from students that self generated analogy is able to improve students creative thinking abilityin teaching circulation system.
Penerapan Project Based Learning untuk Melatih Kemampuan Literasi Tumbuhan Abad 21 pada Siswa SMA
Authors: Rizkamariana Febby , Diana Sariwulan , Wulan Ana Ratna 
Published: July 2019

This study aims to analyze the implementation of project based learning (PjBL) in improving high school students’ ability of 21st century botanical literacy. This study used quasi experimental method through non-equivalent control grup design. In the design of this study, there was a pre-test about botanical literacy before the treatment in experiment class and control, then it was done a treatment in experiment class with PjBL model and traditional learning in control class. After that, the students were given post-test about botanical literacy after learning activities. Sample in this study as much as 2 classes that belongs to class ten in one of High School in Cimahi City. The determination of study sample was conducted with purposive sampling technique because in choosing sample considering the condition of the students who have not learned yet about plants classification in school. Botanical literacy that was measured in this research is the ability to think critically to classify plants and solve the problem about plants. The result of the research is average of N-gain in the experimental class increased with moderate category, in the average of N-gain in the control class increased in low category. Overall, the activities in the stage of PjBL model has finished well by the teacher and students. Almost all the students agree that PjBL model give chances to the students to apply the knowledge on classifying plants, train on solving problem, and improve the learning motivation.