bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Physical activity and asthma: cause or consequence? A bidirectional longitudinal analysis
Authors: Cassim Raisa , Milanzi Elasma , Koplin Jennifer J , Dharmage Shyamali C , Russell Melissa Anne 
Published: May 2018

BackgroundThere is increasing interest in the role physical activity (PA) can play in the development and management of asthma. Understanding whether PA can have a positive effect is hindered by the potential influence of asthma on PA and a lack of relevant longitudinal data, leading to a debate on the existence and direction of these links. The aim of this study was to explore whether having asthma results in lower PA levels, and/or whether lower PA levels lead to more asthma in children and adolescents.MethodsIn a population-based study of 4983 children, data on asthma and PA were collected via questionnaires and time use diaries biennially, between the ages of 6 and 14. Current asthma was defined as use of asthma medications or wheeze in the past year, and incident asthma was defined as doctor’s diagnosis since the previous wave. PA was time spent doing moderate-to-vigorous physical activities in a day. Bidirectionality of this relationship was investigated using cross-lagged structural equational models.ResultsPA was not longitudinally associated with incident or current asthma. Similarly, there was no evidence that incident or current asthma predicted PA at any of the ages.ConclusionsUsing a novel strategy to investigate bidirectionality between PA and asthma, our results suggest that asthma and PA participation are not longitudinally associated in either direction. Our findings suggest that PA does not play an important role in the development or persistence of asthma.
Характеристика структурних змін внутрішніх органів при гострому панкреатиті за умови поліморбідності
Authors: Bodnar Ya. Ya. , Dziubanovskyi I. Ya. , Golovata T. K. , Bodnar P. Ya. , Suslova N. O. , Bodnar L. P. 
Published: May 2018

Мета роботи: з’ясувати закономірності процесів ремоделювання внутрішніх органів померлих від ускладненого панкреатиту за умов поліморбідності. Матеріали і методи. Проведено ретроспективний аналіз163 протоколів розтинів і патогістологічного дослідження некропсій померлих від гострої хірургічної патології. Серед них гострий панкреатит як основне захворювання діагностовано у 30 осіб, що становить 18,5 % від усієї кількості проаналізованих протоколів.Результати досліджень та їх обговорення. За даними розтину діагностовано супутню серцево-судинну патологію, а саме атеросклероз аорти ( 73,3 %), ІХС (60,0 %), артеріальну гіпертензію (60,1 %), а також ХОЗЛ (63,3 %) і ендокринопатії (23,3 %). В цілому індекс поліморбідності становив 4,7. Струтурною складовою поліорганної недостатності при гострому панкреатиті є комплекс структурних змін серця, нирок, легень, печінки і надниркових залоз. Мікроскопічним дослідженням встановлено, що постійною складовою в патогенезі поліорганної недостатності при гострому панкреатиті є наявність різного ступеня виразності розладів кровообігу у всіх внутрішніх органах.
A teoria barberiana da comunicação
Authors: Lopes Maria Immacolata Vassallo de 
Published: May 2018

Within the milestone of the 30 years of the book De los medios a las mediaciones, we intend to make a kind of diurne map of the work of Jesús Martín-Barbero. We propose to demonstrate that Martín-Barbero’s communicational thought does not conform to a theory of reception nor to a theory of mediations, but it constitutes a specific theory of communication, characterized by its own epistemology, methodology and concepts, which we call Barberian theory of communication. We intend to demonstrate it through three axes of analysis: 1) the epistemology of communication, with the metaphor of the epistemological chill that makes the rupture in the communicational knowledge; 2) the cartography as a method to promote new parameters of knowledge representation; 3) the theoretical-methodological maps that are the “nocturne map” and four maps of the mediations.
Markets or Mercantilism? How China Secures Its Energy
Supplies
Authors: Lind Jennifer , Press Daryl G. 
Published: May 2018

Abstract
Since oil began fueling the global economy, governments have employed policies of “energy mercantilism” to secure access to this key input. Critics of these policies claim they are unnecessary because oil can be acquired on global markets. Countries such as China that engage in energy mercantilism are thus neither enhancing their energy security nor threatening others' access to oil. These critics, however, misunderstand the logic of energy mercantilism, which is rooted in the economics and business literatures on supply chain management. Firms and states are correct to worry about access to critical supplies under four conditions: imperfect contracting, supplier collusion, geographic concentration, and high risk of conflict. All of these conditions plague the oil industry. Likewise, the energy mercantilist policies that critics deride are analogous to the strategies that firms adopt to protect their supply chains. China's steps to ensure access to oil have enhanced its energy security and reduced U.S. coercive options toward Beijing. More broadly, the unfolding competition over energy access highlights the lingering power of mercantilism, even in this age of economic globalization and the apparent triumph of market liberalism.
Observing, Interpreting, and Excavating Roman Barrows
Authors: Latteur Olivier 
Published: May 2018

Even today, the landscape of some Belgian regions is deeply marked by the presence of dozens of Roman barrows. These mounds have survived the passage of time and have shaped the landscape, from antiquity up to the present-day. In the sixteenth and seventeenth centuries, a period characterized by the rediscovery of classical antiquity and the emergence of antiquarianism, travellers and scholars took a fresh look at these remains. The development of a proto-archaeological approach to the landscape gradually transformed the relationship between man and his surrounds, and contributed to a better understanding of certain landscape features.
The first part of this article is devoted to historical observation of these barrows and their impact on the local landscape: Roman tumuli had unusual features (height, strength, presence of trees, etc.) and were used as landmarks and vantage points, especially in the Hesbaye region, which was sparsely wooded and relatively flat. The second part deals with interpretations of these mounds during the early modern period (attribution to the Romans, association with magic, etc.). The third part focuses on the first ‘archaeological’ excavations of tumuli (1507, 1621, 1641, and 1654). These early modern digs gradually transformed perceptions of these remains: observations of a proto-archaeological nature became increasingly common and heralded the emergence of a new approach, which co-existed with medieval or popular traditions.
New patient-controlled abdominal compression method in radiography: radiation dose and image quality
Authors: Piippo-Huotari Oili , Norrman Eva , Anderzén-Carlsson Agneta , Geijer Håkan 
Published: May 2018

Background The radiation dose for patients can be reduced with many methods and one way is to use abdominal compression. In this study, the radiation dose and image quality for a new patient-controlled compression device were compared with conventional compression and compression in the prone position . Purpose To compare radiation dose and image quality of patient-controlled compression compared with conventional and prone compression in general radiography. Material and Methods An experimental design with quantitative approach. After obtaining the approval of the ethics committee, a consecutive sample of 48 patients was examined with the standard clinical urography protocol. The radiation doses were measured as dose-area product and analyzed with a paired t-test. The image quality was evaluated by visual grading analysis. Four radiologists evaluated each image individually by scoring nine criteria modified from the European quality criteria for diagnostic radiographic images. Results There was no significant difference in radiation dose or image quality between conventional and patient-controlled compression. Prone position resulted in both higher dose and inferior image quality. Conclusion Patient-controlled compression gave similar dose levels as conventional compression and lower than prone compression. Image quality was similar with both patient-controlled and conventional compression and was judged to be better than in the prone position.
Against the Stream: religion and mental health – the case for the inclusion of religion and spirituality into psychiatric care
Authors: Dein Simon 
Published: May 2018

This paper argues for the inclusion of religion and spirituality in psychiatric care. After discussing the antagonism of psychiatrists and psychologists to religion, I present a critical overview of studies examining the relationships between spirituality, religion and diverse aspects of mental health: depression, suicide, anxiety, delinquency, drug abuse and schizophrenia. The need to assesses the impact of religion in different faith groups is discussed. Measures of religious coping, both positive and negative, may provide a more accurate portrayal as to how individuals deploy religion in their lives than global measures such as belief and attendance. I highlight the fact that there is a dearth of research on ritual, prayer and other aspects of religious experience. While many studies demonstrate positive effects of religion on mental health, others find detrimental effects. Finally I examine the clinical implications of these findings.Declaration of interestNone.
Hypoglycemia After Gastric Bypass Surgery: Current Concepts and Controversies
Authors: Salehi Marzieh , Vella Adrian , McLaughlin Tracey , Patti Mary-Elizabeth 
Published: May 2018

AbstractContextHypoglycemia, occurring after bariatric and other forms of upper gastrointestinal surgery, is increasingly encountered by clinical endocrinologists. The true frequency of this condition remains uncertain, due, in part, to differences in the diagnostic criteria and in the affected populations, as well as relative lack of patient and physician awareness and understanding of this condition. Postbariatric hypoglycemia can be severe and disabling for some patients, with neuroglycopenia (altered cognition, seizures, and loss of consciousness) leading to falls, motor vehicle accidents, and job and income loss. Moreover, repeated episodes of hypoglycemia can result in hypoglycemia unawareness, further impairing safety and requiring the assistance of others to treat hypoglycemia.ObjectiveIn this review, we summarize and integrate data from studies of patients affected by hypoglycemia after Roux-en-Y gastric bypass (RYGB) surgery, obtained from PubMed searches (1990 to 2017) and reference searches of relevant retrieved articles. Whereas hypoglycemia can also be observed after sleeve gastrectomy and fundoplication, this review is focused on post-RYGB, given the greater body of published clinical studies at present.Outcome MeasuresData addressing specific aspects of diagnosis, pathophysiology, and treatment were reviewed by the authors; when not available, the authors have provided opinions based on clinical experience with this challenging condition.ConclusionsHypoglycemia, occurring after gastric bypass surgery, is challenging for patients and physicians alike. This review provides a systematic approach to diagnosis and treatment based on the underlying pathophysiology.
Adipose Tissue Responses to Breaking Sitting in Men and Women with Central Adiposity
Authors: CHEN YUNG-CHIH , BETTS JAMES A. , WALHIN JEAN-PHILIPPE , THOMPSON DYLAN 
Published: May 2018

ABSTRACT

Purpose
Breaking prolonged sitting reduces postprandial glucose and insulin concentrations and influences skeletal muscle molecular signaling pathways, but it is unknown whether breaking sitting also affects adipose tissue.

Methods
Eleven central overweight participants (seven men and four postmenopausal women) 50 ± 5 yr old (mean ± SD) completed two mixed-meal feeding trials (prolonged sitting vs breaking sitting) in a randomized, counterbalanced design. The breaking sitting intervention comprised walking for 2 min every 20 min over 5.5 h. Blood samples were collected at regular intervals to examine metabolic biomarkers and adipokine concentrations. Adipose tissue samples were collected at baseline and at 5.5 h to examine changes in mRNA expression and secretion of selected adipokines ex vivo.

Results
Postprandial glycemia and insulinemia were attenuated by approximately 50% and 40% in breaking sitting compared with prolonged sitting (iAUC: 359 ± 117 vs 697 ± 218 mmol per 330 min·L−1, P = 0.001, and 202 ± 71 vs 346 ± 150 nmol per 330 min·L−1, P = 0.001, respectively). Despite these pronounced and sustained differences in postprandial glucose and insulin concentrations, adipose tissue mRNA expression for various genes (interleukin 6, leptin, adiponectin, pyruvate dehydrogenase kinase isozyme 4, insulin receptor substrates 1 and 2, phosphoinositide 3-kinase, and RAC-alpha serine/threonine-protein kinase) and ex vivo adipose tissue secretion of interleukin 6, leptin, and adiponectin were not different between trials.

Conclusions
This study demonstrates that breaking sitting with short bouts of physical activity has very pronounced effects on systemic postprandial glucose and insulin concentrations, but this does not translate into corresponding effects within adipose tissue.
Modelling credit and savings behaviour of chit fund participants
Authors: Rao Preethi , Buteau Sharon 
Published: May 2018

Chit funds are a form of Rotating Saving and Credit Association (ROSCA) prevalent in India. In this institution, a group of individuals pool in equal amounts of money at a fixed frequency, and at every time period a round of competitive bidding takes place among the individuals to identify a borrower for the collected amount. The borrower foregoes his/her right to participate in further auctions, but continues paying his/her share of the pool till every individual in the group has collected the pooled amount. The auction process relies on the bidders’ willingness to give up a certain amount of the pool and take the rest as loan. The amount given up at every time period is shared equally among all individuals in the group. A chit fund, therefore, is structurally similar to the modern formal banking and financial institutions: they act as an intermediary to optimally mobilize funds collected from savers to borrowers and manage repayment of loans from borrowers such that savers receive their dues at the appropriate time. The latter role exposes the industry to credit risk. Modern banking and financial institutions rely heavily on their ability to assess and mitigate credit risk; and, over the last century, they have been able to move from a system where risk assessment was based on human judgment and simple intuition to a system reliant on statistical and mathematical techniques. However, the standard chit fund company still relies heavily on human judgment for assessing risk. The pilot envisages a move towards a standardized statistical methodology for risk assessment and mitigation as the path ahead for the industry.
Neolycaena (Rhymnaria) arcana sp. nov. from Tibet (Lepidoptera: Lycaenidae)
Authors: Weidenhoffer Zdeněk , Šumpich Jan 
Published: May 2018

Abstract
Neolycaena (Rhymnaria) arcana sp. nov. (Lepidoptera: Lycaenidae: Theclinae: Eumaeini) was discovered in an old collection of Lepidoptera in the National Museum in Prague and subsequently described from one male. This specimen undoubtedly originates from the period before 1950, and its label contains only ‘Tibet’. The new species is morphologically similar to other taxa of the subgenus Rhymnaria Zhdanko, 1983 from which it clearly differs in the arrangement of dots on the underside of hindwings as well as in characters of male genitalia. Photos of the holotype and its genitalia are given.
L’analyse sur la Négation Explétive en Chinois-Mandarin à Travers sa Comparaison avec le Français
Authors: Baiyao Zuo 
Published: May 2018

Extrait
The pleonastic negation refers to the negation without negative function. Because of this special property, many studies have tried to find the producing mechanism of the pleonastic negation. But so far all the explanations of the production of the pleonastic negation, although restricted to one particular language, have encountered some counterexamples. In order to explain the production of pleonastic negation in Chinese and also provide a possibility to explain the same phenomena in other languages, this article lauches a comparison between the Chinese and the French to exclude the elements irrelevant with the production of the pleonastic negation. It is also proposed that the pleonastic negation results from a subconscious blending of two expressions but is reserved because of its function to emphasize the subjective feeling. This approach helps to explain the contingence of the presence of the pleonastic negative marker after the trigger-items.
Über die Idee und das Wirkliche (Teil III)
Authors: Woldering Guido 
Published: May 2018

Zusammenfassung
Dieser Beitrag ist der abschliessende dritte Teil der Übersetzung der Summe von Ishibashi Ningetsus (石橋忍月, 1865–1926) poetologischen Überlegungen. Die literaturhistorische Bedeutung des Texts besteht in der Einführung eines weder regional noch historisch eingeschränkten, ausserdem auch alle Textsorten einschliessenden Konzepts der „Poesie“ (shi 詩), das sich klar vom klassischen Begriff der Schriftgelehrsamkeit (bungaku 文学) unterscheidet. Die japanische Literatur entwickelt sich damit zu einem vollwertigen Bestandteil eines autonomen Feldes „Kunst“. Eine weitere Leistung des Sō jitsu ron besteht in der Integration traditioneller japanischer und moderner europäischer theoretischer Ansätze. Das macht den Text zu einem Meilenstein auf dem Weg zu einer selbständigen japanischen wissenschaftlich-theoretischen Auseinandersetzung mit der eigenen Literatur.
Overexpression and pre-treatment of recombinant human Secretory Leukocyte Protease Inhibitor (rhSLPI) reduces an in vitro ischemia/reperfusion injury in rat cardiac myoblast (H9c2) cell
Authors: Prompunt Eakkapote , Nernpermpisooth Nitirut , Sanit Jantira , Kumphune Sarawut 
Published: May 2018

AbstractOne of the major causes of cardiac cell death during myocardial ischemia is the oversecretion of protease enzymes surrounding the ischemic tissue. Therefore, inhibition of the protease activity could be an alternative strategy for preventing the expansion of the injured area. In the present study, we investigated the effects of Secretory Leukocyte Protease Inhibitor (SLPI), by means of overexpression and treatment of recombinant human SLPI (rhSLPI) in an in vitro model. Rat cardiac myoblast (H9c2) cells overexpressing rhSLPI were generated by gene delivery using pCMV2-SLPI-HA plasmid. The rhSLPI-H9c2 cells, mock transfected cells, and wild-type (WT) control were subjected to simulated ischemia/reperfusion (sI/R). Moreover, the treatment of rhSLPI in H9c2 cells was also performed under sI/R conditions. The results showed that overexpression of rhSLPI in H9c2 cells significantly reduced sI/R-induced cell death and injury, intracellular ROS level, and increased Akt phosphorylation, when compared to WT and mock transfection (p <0.05). Treatment of rhSLPI prior to sI/R reduced cardiac cell death and injury, and intra-cellular ROS level. In addition, 400 ng/ml rhSLPI treatment, prior to sI, significantly inhibited p38 MAPK phosphorylation and rhSLPI at 400–1000 ng/ml could increase Akt phosphorylation.
Establishing reference intervals for sex hormones and SHBG in apparently healthy Chinese adult men based on a multicenter study
Authors: Yu Songlin , Qiu Ling , Liu Min , Li Shijun , Tao Zhihua , Zhang Qiong , Xia Liangyu , Li Pengchang , Hou Li’an , Qin Xuzhen , Yin Yicong , Ichihara Kiyoshi , Cheng Xinqi 
Published: May 2018

AbstractBackground:Measuring sex hormones is essential in diagnosing health issues such as testicular dysfunction, male infertility and feminization syndrome. However, there are no reports on reference intervals (RIs) in Chinese men. We conducted a nationwide multicenter study to establish RIs for seven sex hormones (luteinizing hormone [LH], follicle-stimulating hormone [FSH], prolactin [PRL], total testosterone [TT], free testosterone [FT], bioavailable testosterone [BAT] and estrogen [E2]), as well as sex hormone-binding globulin (SHBG).Methods:In 2013, 1043 apparently healthy adult men from five representative cities in China (Beijing, Hangzhou, Guangzhou, Dalian and Urumqi) were recruited; hormones were measured using an automated immunoassay analyzer. Multiple regression analysis (MRA) was performed to identify sources of variation (SVs) that might influence the hormone serum levels. RIs were computed using the parametric method.Results:Dalian and Hangzhou had significantly higher E2 values than other cities; age was a major source of variation for FSH, LH, PRL, SHBG, FT and BAT. FSH, LH and SHBG increased significantly with age, while PRL, FT and BAT decreased with age. TT showed no significant age-related changes. Median (RIs) derived without partition by age were as follows: FSH, 5.6 (1.9–16.3) IU/L; LH, 4.2 (1.6–10.0) IU/L; PRL, 189 (88–450) mIU/L; E2, 85 (4.7–195) pmol/L; SHBG, 29.4 (11.5–66.3) nmol/L; TT, 15.6 (7.4–24.5) nmol/L; FT, 0.31 (0.16–0.52) nmol/L; and BAT, 8.0 (3.7–13.2) nmol/L. RIs were also derived in accordance with between-city and between-age differences.Conclusions: RIs were established for sex hormones and SHBG in apparently healthy Chinese men in consideration of age.
On cohomological Hall algebras of quivers: Generators
Authors: Schiffmann Olivier , Vasserot Eric 
Published: May 2018

Abstract
We study the cohomological Hall algebra

Y
♭

{\operatorname{Y}\nolimits^{\flat}}

of a Lagrangian substack

Λ
♭

{\Lambda^{\flat}}

of the moduli stack of
representations of
the preprojective algebra of an arbitrary quiver Q, and their actions on the cohomology of Nakajima quiver varieties.
We prove that

Y
♭

{\operatorname{Y}\nolimits^{\flat}}

is pure and we compute its Poincaré polynomials in terms of (nilpotent) Kac
polynomials. We also provide a family of algebra generators.
We conjecture that

Y
♭

{\operatorname{Y}\nolimits^{\flat}}

is equal, after a suitable extension of scalars,
to the Yangian

𝕐

{\mathbb{Y}}

introduced by Maulik and Okounkov.
As a corollary, we prove a variant of Okounkov’s conjecture, which is a generalization of the Kac conjecture relating the constant term of Kac polynomials to root multiplicities of Kac–Moody algebras.