bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Escherichia coli Export from Manured Fields Depends on the Time between the Start of Rainfall and Runoff Initiation
Authors: Stocker Matthew D. , Pachepsky Yakov A. , Hill Robert L. , Martinez Gonzalo 
Published: September 2018

After rainfall or irrigation begins, surface‐applied chemicals and manure‐borne microorganisms typically enter the soil with infiltration until the soil saturates, after which time the chemicals and microbes are exported from the field in the overland flow. This process is viewed as a reason for the dependence of chemical export on the time between rainfall start and runoff initiation that has been documented for agricultural chemicals. The objective of this work was to observe and quantify such dependence for Escherichia coli released from solid farmyard dairy manure in field conditions. Experiments were performed for 6 yr and consisted of manure application followed by an immediate simulated rainfall event and a second event 1 wk later. The nonlinearity of the release seen in laboratory and plot studies did not manifest itself in the field. The number of exported E. coli cells in runoff was proportional to rainfall depth after runoff initiation in each trial. The proportionality coefficient, termed export rate, demonstrated a strong dependence on the runoff delay time that could be approximated with the exponential decrease. The export rate decreased by one order of magnitude when the rainfall depth at runoff initiation increased from 18 to 42 mm. The same dependence could approximate data from the simulated rainfall event 1 wk after the manure application, assuming that the initial E. coli content in manure after 1 wk of weathering was 10% of the initial content. Overall, accounting for the dependence of manure‐borne E. coli export on the runoff delay time should improve the accuracy of E. coli export predictions related to the assessment of agricultural practices on microbial water quality.Core Ideas
The manure‐borne E. coli export rate strongly depended on the runoff delay time.
Manure‐borne E. coli export was well fitted using a constant export rate.
On average, a 10‐fold decrease in E. coli export was observed between weeks.
Performance of Saturated Riparian Buffers in Iowa, USA
Authors: Jaynes D. B. , Isenhart T. M. 
Published: September 2018

Nitrate from artificial drainage pipes (tiles) underlying agricultural fields is a major source of reactive N, especially NO3, in surface waters. A novel approach for reducing NO3loss is to intercept a field tile where it crosses a riparian buffer and divert a fraction of the flow as shallow groundwater within the buffer. This practice is called a saturated riparian buffer (SRB), and although it is promising, little data on the performance of the practice is available. This research investigated the effectiveness of SRBs in removing NO3at six sites installed across Iowa, resulting in a total of 17 site‐years. Water flow and NO3in the tile outlets, diverted into the buffers, and NO3concentration changes within the buffers were monitored throughout the year at each site. Results showed that all the SRBs were effective in removing NO3from the tile outlet, with the average annual NO3load removal ranging from 13 to 179 kg N for drainage areas ranging from 3.4 to 40.5 ha. This is NO3that would have otherwise discharged directly into the adjoining streams. The annual removal effectiveness, which is the total NO3removed in the SRB divided by the total NO3draining from the field, ranged from 8 to 84%. This corresponds to an average removal rate of 0.040 g N m−3d−1with a range of 0.004 to 0.164 g N m−3d−1. Assuming a 40‐yr life expectancy for the structure and a 4% discount rate, we computed a mean equal annual cost for SRBs of US$213.83. Given the average annual removal of 73 kg for all site‐years, this cost equates to $2.94 kg−1N removed, which is very competitive with other field‐edge practices such as denitrification bioreactors and constructed wetlands. Thus, SRBs continue to be a promising practice for NO3removal in tile‐drained landscapes.Core IdeasSaturated riparian buffers (SRBs) removed an average of 73 kg N yr−1of NO3from tile water.A buffer with established perennial vegetation is important for optimum NO3removal.The percentage of NO3removed to NO3delivered to a SRB ranged from 8 to 84%.The cost of N removal for this practice is similar to other field‐edge practices.
Contemplating the Islamic Garden and Malay Traditional Landscape from the Quran
Authors: Mohd Hussain Nur Huzeima , Hassan Khalilah , Mt Akhir Norizan 
Published: September 2018

Beliefs and interpretations from the Islamic concept have influenced the emergence and extensions of many landscape designs including the Malay landscape. This paper contemplates the significant relation between the Malay landscape and Islamic garden concept through established references. The main intention is to identify, analysing and establishing the landscape elements, design characteristic and their functions as the research attributes. This paper uses the imagery evidence from the Quran to support the study analyses and discussions. The conclusions will lead towards all possible dimensions of Islamic Malay landscape in cultural, traditional and sustainability context for future resilient.Keywords: Malay; landscape; element; Islamic concept.eISSN 2398-4295 © 2018. The Authors. Published for AMER ABRA cE-Bs by e-International Publishing House, Ltd., UK. This is an open-access article under the CC BY-NC-ND license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/). Peer–review under responsibility of AMER (Association of Malaysian Environment-Behaviour Researchers), ABRA (Association of Behavioural Researchers on Asians) and cE-Bs (Centre for Environment-Behaviour Studies), Faculty of Architecture, Planning & Surveying, Universiti Teknologi MARA, Malaysia. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.21834/ajbes.v3i13.142
Impact of Urban Canyon Direction on Solar Radiation and Airflow in Hot and Humid Regions
Authors: Yola Lin , Siong Ho Chin 
Published: September 2018

Urban configuration modification is an efficient approach to mitigating Urban Heat Island (UHI) effect. This study investigates the significant impact of urban canyon direction on solar radiation and airflow which influences microclimate and thermal comfort. The Envi-met (V3.1 beta) simulation indicates that East-West Canyon received the worst level of air temperature and meant radiant temperature compared to when the canyon was directed perpendiculars to the wind direction (South East – North West). The finding scientifically demonstrates that in Kuala Lumpur context, with the weak influences of urban wind, solar radiation plays the significant impact on the microclimate.Keywords: Solar radiation; airflow; urban canyon, urban simulation.eISSN 2398-4295 © 2018. The Authors. Published for AMER ABRA cE-Bs by e-International Publishing House, Ltd., UK. This is an open-access article under the CC BY-NC-ND license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/). Peer–review under responsibility of AMER (Association of Malaysian Environment-Behaviour Researchers), ABRA (Association of Behavioural Researchers on Asians) and cE-Bs (Centre for Environment-Behaviour Studies), Faculty of Architecture, Planning & Surveying, Universiti Teknologi MARA, Malaysia. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.21834/ajbes.v3i13.146
KL River of Life and its Heritage Value
Authors: Othman Ahmad Ridzwan , Abdul Majid Nur Hasinah 
Published: September 2018

Some urban rivers have their respective heritage value and need to be preserved. However, enforcement of river pollution had not given much effect to improvement due to human attitude and behaviour. The purpose of this research is to present an analysis to revitalize the urban river at Precinct 7, River of Life Project, Kuala Lumpur. Through analysis of the precedent studies, the rationale will then be compared to suits the most suitable and relevant proposal. The study revealed that the historic buildings along the river and the river itself should be maintained and integrated to preserve heritage value.Keywords: Urban River; Heritage Value; Sustainable; Development; River of LifeeISSN 2398-4295 © 2018. The Authors. Published for AMER ABRA cE-Bs by e-International Publishing House, Ltd., UK. This is an open-access article under the CC BY-NC-ND license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/). Peer–review under responsibility of AMER (Association of Malaysian Environment-Behaviour Researchers), ABRA (Association of Behavioural Researchers on Asians) and cE-Bs (Centre for Environment-Behaviour Studies), Faculty of Architecture, Planning & Surveying, Universiti Teknologi MARA, Malaysia. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.21834/ajbes.v3i13.148
Medical Tourists’ Future Destination Choice
Authors: Abu Hassan Norhaslin , Hemdi Mohamad Abdullah 
Published: September 2018

Medical tourism has become an important sector that contributed to country’s development economically. In line with this notion, this study proposed to explore how the image of a destination could influence medical tourists in choosing a destination as their future medical and tourism destination choice. Scholars argued that destination image had a significant relationship with behavioral intentions. Further, destination image influence not only the decision-making process but also conditions after-decision-making behaviors of tourists. In this study context, the future destination choice behavior referred to the intention to revisit and to spread the positive word-of-mouth. Inbound medical tourists from private hospitals in Malaysia will be approached quantitatively by survey questionnaires. This study will contribute to an understanding of the significant factors influencing medical tourists’ intention for future destination choice. Keywords: destination image; destination choice; revisit intention; word-of-mouth.eISSN 2398-4295 © 2018. The Authors. Published for AMER ABRA cE-Bs by e-International Publishing House, Ltd., UK. This is an open-access article under the CC BY-NC-ND license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/). Peer–review under responsibility of AMER (Association of Malaysian Environment-Behaviour Researchers), ABRA (Association of Behavioural Researchers on Asians) and cE-Bs (Centre for Environment-Behaviour Studies), Faculty of Architecture, Planning & Surveying, Universiti Teknologi MARA, Malaysia. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.21834/ajbes.v3i13.149
Sosialisasi Sadar Arsip dan Penyelamatan Memori Melalui Film
Authors: Agustina Ftria 
Published: September 2018

Arsip sudah semakin dikenal oleh masyarakat. Akan tetapi pengenalan itu hanya sebatas dipermukaan saja. Hal ini disebabkan belum maksimalnya sosialisasi kearsipan yang dilakukan pemerintah, khususnya lembaga pembina kearsipan. Sosialisasi yang sudah dilaksanakan belum menjangkau setiap lapisan masyarakat, kebanyakan hanya kepada orang yang berprofesi dalam dunia kearsipan.Untuk dapat mencapai tujuan sosialisasi sesuai yang diharapakan, salah satu media yang dapat digunakan adalah melalui film cerita. Film cerita dapat dengan mudah menyampaikan pesan kepada para penonton. Beberapa film Indonesia yang ditayangkan pada tahun 2016 telah menampilkan pesan terkait dengan arsip, seperti film Ada Apa Dengan Cinta 2 (AADC 2), Sabtu Bersama Bapak, dan Surat dari Praha.Untuk ke depannya, pemerintah seharusnya bisa menangkap peluang bekerja sama dengan insan perfilman untuk mencipatakan film berkualitas yang dapat mendidik bangsa, terutama untuk mewujudkan masyarakat sadar arsip.
Pelophylax ridibundus’un Karyotipik Özellikleri
Authors: CANPOLAT Esra , ŞİŞMAN Turgay , TEPE Yahya , TÜRKEZ Hasan 
Published: September 2018

Erzurum il sınırları içinde olan Karasu
Havzası Fırat Nehri’nin kaynağını oluşturmaktadır. Amfibi türlerinden olan ova
kurbağaları (Pelophylax ridibundus)
Karasu Havzası’nda da yaşamaktadır. Bu çalışmada P. ridibundus’un karyotipik özellikleri kemik iliği ve
barsaklarından elde edilen metafaz kromozomları incelenerek araştırılmıştır.
Çalışmada kullanılan kurbağalar Karasu Havzası’nın 3 farklı noktasından yakalanmıştır.
Kurbağaların barsak epitel ve kemik iliği ana hücreleri karyotip analizi için
kullanılmıştır. Bu hücrelerden en iyi metafaz kromozom yayılımları 1 saat
hipotonik (0,075 M KCl) uygulama, soğuk hazırlanmış karnoy ile fiksasyon ve
%10’luk Giemsa ile 20 dakika boyama sonucu elde edilmiştir. Hazırlanan
preparatlarda yapılan incelemeler sonucunda her iki hücre tipinde P. ridibundus’un 2n=26 kromozoma sahip
olduğu anlaşılmıştır. Karyotip analizi sonucunda P. ridibundus’da 6 metasentrik, 6 submetasentrik ve 1
subtelosentrik kromozom çifti olduğu belirlenmiştir (12M+12SM+2ST). Temel kromozom kol sayısı (FN) 52 ve karyotip
simetri/asimetri indeksi 1,61 olarak hesaplanmıştır.
The Importance of Role-Specific Performance and Sociopolitical Factors for Chief Financial Officer Employment Outcomes
Authors: Engel Ellen , Gao Feng , Wang Xue 
Published: September 2018

SYNOPSIS
This paper investigates the importance of role-specific performance measures and sociopolitical factors in the career paths of CFOs. We find that forced CFO turnover is associated with poor performance in functions over which they have more direct influence, including financial reporting, financing, and regulatory compliance. We also find that CFOs are less likely to be dismissed when they have greater connectedness with the CEO and have stronger influence within the firm. Interestingly, sociopolitical factors are linked with promotion outcomes, but economic performance does not appear to play a significant role. The collective evidence indicates that both economic and sociopolitical factors have an important role in influencing CFO career paths.
FEATURES OF THE EFFECT OF VARIOUS FORMS OF VITAMIN D ON THE BONE AND JOINT SYSTEM
Authors: Dulaev A. K. , Tsed A. N. , Filchenko I. A. , Mushtin N. E. 
Published: September 2018

Vitamin D takes part into the metabolism of the bone tissue, regulating the processes of mineralization and remodeling. There are a lot of data on uses of using of vitamin D in patients of trauma and orthopedic profile, but opinions about the method of taking, dosage, effectiveness differ greatly and requires more in-depth research.The objectiveof this study was to review and analyze of actual clinical and experimental researches related to the influence of metabolites of vitamin D in the endoprosthesis of large joints, among the available sources of medical database of PubMed, Cohraine, e-Library.The results of most studies of local and systemic use of metabolites of vitamin D led to the conclusion about the beneficial effects of these compounds on bone regeneration in traumatology and orthopedics. However, further researches are required to clearly identify the clinical application of these approaches.We supposed that the following factors considered for long-term work: assessment of long-term effect and usage of standardized doses, learning new derivatives of vitamin D, synergy in the combinations of vitamin D preparations, pharmacokinetics of vitamin D preparations and polymorphisms of genes associated with vitamin D, genes influencing the life activity of bone and assessment of the effect of concomitant disease, systemic pathological processes on related of vitamin D metabolism, and bone restoration. We are also define the simultaneous corrections of vitamin D levels as an important component of the compensation of bone disorders in trauma and orthopedic patients.
GENDER PECULIARITIES OF SMOKING STATUS, LEVEL OF THE NICOTINE DEPENDENCE, RESPIRATORY SYMPTOMS AND MOTIVATION TO TOBACCO CESSATION
Authors: Pelevina I. D. , Shaporova N. L. , Trofimov V. I. , Dudina O. V. , Marchenko V. N. , Buimov M. A. , Grigorjan N. F. , Platonova J. I. 
Published: September 2018

Introduction. According to WHO data, COPD is the 4th cause of death in the world. The important problems of COPD are frequent exacerbations, comorbid conditions and late diagnosis. One of the most important factors in the formation of COPD is smoking. Recently, special attention is paid to the peculiarities of the course of COPD in women.The objective of this study was to reveal the peculiarities of smoking status in people of different sexes with different severity of respiratory symptoms in order to further creating the groups of patients on tobacco cessation.Material and methods. 108 smoking patients aged 20 to 60 years were examined in real outpatient practice. Besides the questionnaire, all examined underwent spirometry and CO determination (ppm) in exhaled air.Results. Analysis of the results of the study showed that women started smoking later than men. The number of day-today smoked cigarettes, the smoking index, and the degree of nicotine addiction in women were significantly less that was naturally accompanied by a significantly lower content of CO in the exhaled air. Broncho obstructive syndrome was found in 56% of men and 44% of women; the degree of nicotine addiction and respiratory symptoms were interrelated only in women (r=0.50, p<0.01). The period of withdrawal from tobacco smoking was significantly longer in women despite of the almost equal motivation to smoking cessation and the number of attempts of getting rid of tobacco addiction.Conclusions. Significant gender peculiarities of smoking status the degree of motivation to smoking cessation, their relationship with respiratory symptoms were revealed which requires the introduction of different approaches to the programs of healthy lifestyle in people of different sexes.
THE STUDY OF THE EFFECTIVENESS OF USING THE CERTAIN TOOTHPASTES WITH DIFFERENT ACTIVE INGREDIENTS
Authors: Ulitovsky S. B. , Antipova A. V. 
Published: September 2018

Introduction. Nowadays, the prevention of dental diseases is very important in dentistry. The main measure aimed at prevention of dental diseases is an individual oral hygiene. Its effectiveness depends on the quality and regularity, as well as the proper selection of means of individual oral hygiene.The objective is to study the effectiveness of using the certain toothpastes with different active ingredients.Material and methods. Toothpastes «А» and «B» were used to study the effectiveness of using the certain toothpastes with different active ingredients. Probantes at the age of 50 to 70 years, with the presence of dental deposits and periodontal disease of moderate and severe degrees of severity took part in the study of the effectiveness of using these toothpastes. They were divided into two groups of 26 people in each group. The study evaluated the following indices: the hygiene index of Green – Vermillion (1964), gingival PMA index (Parma, 1960), the bleeding index of Muhleman and Son (1971). Results. The experiment discovered the decrease of the values of the digital indicators of the hygiene index of Green – Vermillion, gingival PMA index, and the bleeding index of Muhleman and Son in all groups during the whole period. These changes of the values of the indices were accompanied with the simultaneously increase in the values of a cleansing effect, anti-inflammatory and hemostatic efficiency.Conclusions. Toothpastes «А» and «В» are treatment-and-prophylactic toothpastes, acting effectively on the tissues and organs of the oral cavity with prolonged use.
Effect of organic fertilizer and microbial inoculants on soil biological properties and yield of scented rice (Oryza sativa L.)
Authors: Sah Amit Kumar , Singh Mahendra , Pradhan Amit Kumar , Prasad Sambhu , Chatoopadhyaya N. , Behera Subrat Keshori , Kiran Kajal 
Published: September 2018

A field experiment was conducted at Research farm of Bihar Agricultural University, Sabour (longitude 87o2’42”East and latitude 25o15?40? North at an altitude of 46 meters above mean sea level) with Katarni rice cv Bhagalpur Katarni during kharif season of 2017. The experiment with ten treatments was laid out in Randomized block design (RBD) with three replications. Results revealed that among all the applied organic treatments the maximum microbial population viz., Bacteria, Actinomycetes, Fungi, Azospirillum, PSB and KSB (71.66, 27.33, 57.66, 43.66, 63.00 and 47.66 cfu × 105 g-1 oven dry soil) were recorded with the application of treatment T5 {(75 % N (FYM) basal + 25 % N (V/C) at 25 DAT + Azospirillum @ 5 kg ha-1 + PSB @ 5 kg ha-1 + KSB @ 5 kg ha-1)} at panicle initiation stage and similar trend were obtained at harvesting stage. Application of the same treatment significantly increased dehydrogenase activity by 81.62%, 10.80%, 24.86%, 15.66%, 17.83% and 18.91% when compared with application of T1 (RDF), T3 {(100 % N FYM) as basal)}, T7 {(100 % N (GM)}, T8 {(50 % N (GM) + 50 % N (V/C) at 25 DAT)}, T9 {(75 % N (GM) + 25 % N (V/C) at 25 DAT + Azospirillum @ 5 kg ha-1 + PSB @ 5 kg ha-1 + KSB @ 5 kg ha-1)} and T10 {(75 % N (GM) + 25 % N (V/C) at 25 DAT + Panchagavya on foliar application )}, respectively. Among all organic treatments the maximum grain yield of paddy (27.39 q ha-1) was recorded in treatment T5 {(75 % N (FYM) basal + 25 % N (V/C) at 25 DAT + Azospirillum @ 5 kg ha-1 + PSB @ 5 kg ha-1 + KSB @ 5 kg ha-1)}. Among all the organic inputs and microbial inoculants, the combined application of 75 % N (FYM) basal + 25 % N (V/C) at 25 DAT + Azospirillum @ 5 kg ha-1 + PSB @ 5 kg ha-1 + KSB @ 5 kg ha-1 was found to be effective in modifying the soil microbial population and microbial community structure and grain yield of scented rice.
Assessment of triasulfuron on weed dynamics and yield of transplanted rice (Oryza sativa L.)
Authors: Tewari Samartha , Singh Rohitashav , Nath Anil , Pandey Deepak 
Published: September 2018

A field experiment was managed during kharif season of 2014 in G. B. Pant University of Agriculture and Technology, Pantnagar (Uttarakhand) to assess the outcome of applying dissimilar rates of triasulfuron on the transplanted rice (Oryza sativa L.) associated weeds. Treatments composed of triasulfuron at three different rates, metsulfuron methyl, ethoxysulfuron, 2, 4-D with 2 checks (weed free and untreated). Experiment was carried out in Randomised block Design with 8 treatments and 3 replications. Grassy weeds, broad leaf weeds and sedges were observed during the crop growth period. Triasulfuron at 12 g ha-1 proved most efficient in controlling weeds at 60 and 90 days after transplanting (DAT) with 44.4 % and 59.6 % WCE respectively. Minimum weed dry matter (65.1 g m2) was observed with triasulfuron at 12 g ha-1. Out of all the herbicidal treatments, triasulfuron at 12 g ha-1 gave the paramount grain yield of rice (5786 kg ha-1) which was significantly surpassing all other herbicidal treatments, while it was minimum in metsulfuron methyl at 4 g ha-1 (4417 kg ha-1).
Pengaruh Bimbingan Kelompok dan Self-Efficacy terhadap Peningkatan Keterampilan Sosial Siswa
Authors: Muzdalifah Muzdalifah , Nur'aini Nur'aini 
Published: September 2018

<p>Penelitian ini bertujuan untukmengetahui pengaruh bimbingan kelompok (BKP) terhadap keterampilan sosial siswa. Mengetahui pengaruh <em>self-efficacy</em> terhadap keterampilan sosial siswa. Mengetahui interaksi antara BKP dan <em>self-efficacy</em>terhadap keterampilan sosial siswa. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian quasi eksperimen dengan desain factorial 2x2. Subjek penelitian ini adalah siswa kelas VIII SMP Negeri 2 Tanjung Tiram sebanyak 43 orang yang terdiri dari dua kelompok kelas, dimana kelas pertama sebagai kelas eksperimen diterapkan BKP <em>Modeling</em> dan kelas kedua sebagai kelas kontrol diterapkan BKP <em>Homeroom</em>. Instrumen yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini yaitu kuesioner yang dinyatakan valid dan reliabel. Data dianalisis menggunakan analisis ANAVA dua jalur. Dari hasil penelitian dapat disimpulkan bahwa: Ada pengaruh bimbingan kelompok (BKP) terhadap keterampilan sosial siswa SMP Negeri 2 Tanjung Tiram. Ada perbedaan antara BKP <em>Modeling</em> dengan BKP <em>Homeroom</em> dalam mempengaruhi keterampilan sosial siswa. Tidak ada perbedaan antara <em>self-eficacy</em> rendah dan <em>self-eficacy</em> tinggi dalam mempengaruhi keterampilan sosial siswa. BKP Modeling sangat baik digunakan dalam meningkatkan keterampilan sosial siswa.</p>