bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
133/1 NUMARALI KAYSERİ ŞER’İYYE SİCİL DEFTERİ’NE (H. 1155- M. 1742) GÖRE KAYSERİ’NİN SOSYO-EKONOMİK, İDARİ VE KÜLTÜREL YAPISI
Authors: ÖCAL Süleyman 
Published: July 2018

Osmanlı
tarihinin önemli yazılı kaynaklarından birisi de şer’iyye sicilleridir.
Şer’iyye sicilleri hem kadı tarafından kaleme alınan belgeleri hem de başka
makamlardan gelen emir, ferman, buyrultu gibi belge türlerini ihtiva eder.
Bundan dolayı şer’iyye sicilleri konu ve belge çeşidi olarak gayet zengindir.
Bu zenginlik içerisinde de çeşitli bilim dallarını ilgilendiren ve
aydınlatılması gereken bilgiler bulunmaktadır. Kadı
sicilleri geniş kapsamlı olduğu için birçok konuda dönemini yansıtan bilgiler
vermektedir. Bu çalışmada ise daha çok mahkemelerde ne tür davaların görüldüğü,
davaların nasıl işlendiği, müslim ve gayrimüslimler arasındaki davalar, şer’i
hukukun tatbiki ile kadının görev alanları, Kayseri’ye ait mahalle ve köy
isimleri, Kayseri’de bulunan meslek grupları ve diğer konular ele alınmıştır. Şer’iyye
sicilleri, döneminin olaylarını, toplumun yaşantısını, devletin idare şeklini,
hukukun nasıl işlediğini, toprak sistemini, devletin vergi yapısını,
idarecilerin yükümlülüklerini, vakıfları ve daha birçok konuya ait bilgileri
bünyesinde barındırmasına rağmen tek başına bir sicilin incelenmesiyle bu tür
konular hakkında edinilen bilgi eksik kalmaktadır. Bunun için diğer şer’iyye
sicillerinin ve kaynakların da incelenmesi gerekmektedir.r.
First experience with the jump-starting robotic assistance device Cirq
Authors: Krieg Sandro M. , Meyer Bernhard 
Published: July 2018

Since spinal navigation became applicable, including robotic assistance into standard navigational setups seems reasonable. A newly released modular robotic assistance for drill stabilization (Cirq, Brainlab) was used in a 74-year-old man undergoing dynamic stabilization of L3–4 via navigated transfascial pedicle screws. The authors demonstrate the second worldwide surgery with this device and the second case performed in their department. They provide insight in its applicability to estimate its further potential in spinal robotics. Although being just the first step of this universal platform, the authors already see clinical benefit by its ease of use and drill support.The video can be found here: https://youtu.be/oN2ZiHFRFkU.
Navigated robotic assisted thoracic pedicle screw placement for metastatic renal cell carcinoma
Authors: Booher Grant , Vardiman Arnold 
Published: July 2018

A 63-year-old man presented with progressive lower-extremity paresis over the previous 3 months. He had been unable to support himself to ambulate over the previous 3 weeks. The patient was found to have metastatic renal cell carcinoma to T11. He underwent robotic assisted percutaneous placement of T9–L1 pedicle screws and open T11 laminectomy/debulking of tumor. This approach allowed for decreased blood loss without the need for preoperative embolization. After decompression and placement of the hardware, the patient regained the ability to ambulate on his own.The video can be found here: https://youtu.be/BTFQezhZlB4.
Minimally invasive, robot-assisted iliosacral screw insertion for fusionless fixation in children with neuromuscular scoliosis
Authors: Lefranc Michel , Deroussen F. François , Gouron Richard 
Published: July 2018

Fusionless surgery coupled with growing rod techniques is increasingly advocated for the treatment of early-onset scoliosis in general and neuromuscular scoliosis in particular. Iliosacral screws have excellent biomechanical characteristics but are hard to place safely. Here, the authors report on robot-assisted iliosacral screw positioning as part of growing rod surgery for the fusionless correction of early-onset scoliosis. The technique is based on a bilateral double sliding rod construct anchored to the pelvis proximally with 6 hooks or sublaminar bands and distally with iliosacral screws placed by the robot.The video can be found here: https://youtu.be/5HGH_DiD-ck.
Anti-snake venom potential of Clerodendrum serratum extracts on Bungarus caeruleus and Daboia russelii venom
Authors: Vasudev Shwetha , More Sunil Shivajirao , Annappa Gautham Santhekadur , More Veena Sunil 
Published: July 2018

Anti-snake venom therapy is the only treatment for snake bite but leads to acute and chronic conditions which may be severe. The medicinal plants have gained importance over years to find an effective alternative to anti-snake venom. The present study focused on evaluating the potential of Clerodendrum serratum for the anti-snake venom activity. Phytochemicals were extracted from the C. serratum with different solvents. The ethyl acetate and methanolic extracts were found to neutralize the major enzyme toxins (phospholipase A2, protease and hyaluronidase) of Bungarus caeruleus and Daboia russelii venom at a concentration of 100 µg/mL. The fibrinogenolytic activity of both the venoms were neutralized. The study proves that the plant C. serratum possesses certain compounds which inhibit the toxins present in the venom of B. caeruleus and D. russelii.
Video Clip of Methodology:
Hyaluronidase assay: 3 min 30 sec Click to watch
miR-155 Modulates Cockroach Allergen– and Oxidative Stress–Induced Cyclooxygenase-2 in Asthma
Authors: Qiu Lipeng , Zhang Yan , Do Danh C. , Ke Xia , Zhang Simin , Lambert Kristin , Kumar Shruthi , Hu Chengping , Zhou Yufeng , Ishmael Faoud T. , Gao Peisong 
Published: July 2018

Abstract
Exposure to cockroach allergen is a strong risk factor for developing asthma. Asthma has been associated with allergen-induced airway epithelial damage and heightened oxidant stress. In this study, we investigated cockroach allergen–induced oxidative stress in airway epithelium and its underlying mechanisms. We found that cockroach extract (CRE) could induce reactive oxygen species (ROS) production, particularly mitochondrial-derived ROS, in human bronchial epithelial cells. We then used the RT2 Profiler PCR array and identified that cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) was the most significantly upregulated gene related to CRE-induced oxidative stress. miR-155, predicted to target COX-2, was increased in CRE-treated human bronchial epithelial cells, and was showed to regulate COX-2 expression. Moreover, miR-155 can bind COX-2, induce COX-2 reporter activity, and maintain mRNA stability. Furthermore, CRE-treated miR-155−/− mice showed reduced levels of ROS and COX-2 expression in lung tissues and PGE2 in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid compared with wild-type mice. These miR-155−/− mice also showed reduced lung inflammation and Th2/Th17 cytokines. In contrast, when miR-155−/− mice were transfected with adeno-associated virus carrying miR-155, the phenotypic changes in CRE-treated miR-155−/− mice were remarkably reversed, including ROS, COX-2 expression, lung inflammation, and Th2/Th17 cytokines. Importantly, plasma miR-155 levels were elevated in severe asthmatics when compared with nonasthmatics or mild-to-moderate asthmatics. These increased plasma miR-155 levels were also observed in asthmatics with cockroach allergy compared with those without cockroach allergy. Collectively, these findings suggest that COX-2 is a major gene related to cockroach allergen–induced oxidative stress and highlight a novel role of miR-155 in regulating the ROS–COX-2 axis in asthma.
Menores influyentes en YouTube. Un espacio para la responsabilidad
Authors: Tur-Viñes Victoria , Núñez-Gómez Patricia , González-Río María José 
Published: July 2018

Se estudian las prácticas de los menores influyentes en YouTube y la presencia de marcas. Metodología: Estudio exploratorio basado en el análisis de contenido. La muestra consideró los 5 canales españoles creados por menores con mayor número de visitantes y suscriptores en enero 2018; en concreto, los cinco contenidos con más visualizaciones de cada canal (25 vídeos/400´). Se utilizan los modelos de McRoberts et al. en el análisis de las estrategias de implicación y el modelo de Smith et al. para la presencia de marca. Resultados: Se identifica una tipología común en los contenidos un estilo de gestión cuasiprofesional y la omnipresencia de marcas de forma simultánea. Conclusiones: Se hacen recomendaciones regulatorias y de gestión del canal para la práctica de la comunicación de menores influyentes en un entorno seguro, positivo, entretenido y responsable.
Eight Y chromosome genes show copy number variations in horses
Authors: Han Haoyuan , Zhang Xin , Zhao Xiaocheng , Xia Xiaoting , Lei Chuzhao , Dang Ruihua 
Published: July 2018

Abstract. Copy number variations (CNVs), which represent a significant source of genetic diversity on the Y chromosome in mammals, have been shown to be associated with the development of many complex phenotypes, such as reproduction and male fertility. The occurrence of CNVs has been confirmed on the Y chromosome in horses. However, the copy numbers (CNs) of Equus caballus Y chromosome (ECAY) genes are largely unknown. To demonstrate the copy number variations of Y chromosome genes in horses, the quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qPCR) method was applied to measure the CNVs of the eukaryotic translation initiation factor 1A Y (EIF1AY), equine testis-specific transcript on Y 1 (ETSTY1), equine testis-specific transcript on Y 4 (ETSTY4), equine testis-specific transcript on Y 5 (ETSTY5), equine transcript Y4 (ETY4), ubiquitin activating enzyme Y (UBE1Y), sex determining region Y (SRY), and inverted repeat 2 Y (YIR2) across 14 Chinese domestic horse breeds in this study. Our results revealed that these eight genes were multi-copy; furthermore, some of the well acknowledged single-copy genes such as SRY and EIF1AY were found to be multi-copy in this research. The median copy numbers (MCNs) varied among different breeds for the same gene. The CNVs of Y chromosome genes showed different distribution patterns among Chinese horse breeds, indicating the impact of natural selection on copy numbers. Our results will provide fundamental information for future functional studies.
Assessment of a multiresolution snow reanalysis framework: a multidecadal reanalysis case over the upper Yampa River basin, Colorado
Authors: Baldo Elisabeth , Margulis Steven A. 
Published: July 2018

Abstract. A multiresolution (MR) approach was successfully implemented in the context
of a data assimilation (DA) framework to efficiently estimate snow water
equivalent (SWE) over a large head water catchment in the Colorado River basin (CRB), while decreasing computational constraints by 60 %. A total of
31 years of fractional snow cover area (fSCA) images derived from Landsat TM,
ETM+, and OLI sensor measurements were assimilated to generate two SWE
reanalysis datasets, a baseline case at a uniform 90 m spatial resolution
and another using the MR approach. A comparison of the two showed negligible
differences in terms of snow accumulation, melt, and timing for the posterior
estimates (in terms of both ensemble median and coefficient of variation).
The MR approach underestimated the baseline peak SWE by less than 2 % and
underestimated day of peak and duration of the accumulation season by a day on average. The
largest differences were, by construct, limited primarily to areas of low
complexity, where shallow snowpacks tend to exist. The MR approach should
allow for more computationally efficient implementations of snow data
assimilation applications over large-scale mountain ranges, with accuracies
similar to those that would be obtained using ∼ 100 m simulations.
Such uniform resolution applications are generally infeasible due to the
computationally expensive nature of ensemble-based DA frameworks.
Reading Hamilton Backward: Some Difficulties in Hamilton's Democratic Prescriptions
Authors: Glaser Daryl 
Published: July 2018

Abstract
Hamilton's focus on representation rather than “participatory democracy” is welcome. He has (usefully) highlighted the representational nature of so-called participatory democracy rather than offered putative alternatives to representation. However, his critique of representation deficits in South Africa shows insufficient appreciation of the importance of proportional representation to equal freedom. An examination of the history of council theory and practice on the left provides a basis for some skeptical thoughts about Hamilton's council-tribune model. Although Hamilton's particular institutional prescription is not required by his theory of representation, flaws in the former may be influenced his theorization of group representation.
Biometrické údaje a jejich právní režim
Authors: Matejka Ján , Krausová Alžběta , Güttler Vojen 
Published: July 2018

Rozvoj moderních technologií ICT předpokládá mimo jiné efektivní, důkazně i bezpečnostně spolehlivý nástroj umožňující identifikaci či autentizaci uživatelů služeb informační společnosti. Tyto verifikační nástroje mají zpravidla podobu buď toho, co má osoba u sebe (např. USB token), nebo toho, co zná (typicky přihlašovací údaje), případně toho, čím daná osoba je (tj. biometrická charakteristika). Poslední z uvedených prostředků nabývá v moderních technologiích stále více na významu, a to zejména pro svou praktičnost (dostupnost a neměnitelnost). Zároveň však představuje zvláštní a privilegovanou kategorii osobních údajů, jejíž použití je silně limitováno předpisy veřejného práva. Existuje zde tak určitě konflikt mezi veřejným zájmem (či i zájmem jednotlivců) na práci s biometrickými údaji na straně jedné a řadou dalších práv, včetně práva na ochranu soukromého života, na straně druhé. Cílem tohoto článku je tak zmapovat současný český právní rámec regulující zpracovávání biometrických údajů pro různé účely; v souvislosti s tím se bude rovněž zabývat možným využitím biometrických prostředků, a to jak v oblasti práva veřejného, tak i soukromého. Příspěvek tak analyzuje jednotlivé právní režimy zpracování této privilegované kategorie dat, přičemž zároveň se snaží najít či blíže identifikovat existující právní mantinely a konflikty souvisejících režimů zpracování vyplývající z české i evropské právní úpravy.
Prostate Cancers Detected by Magnetic Resonance Imaging–Targeted Biopsies Have a Higher Percentage of Gleason Pattern 4 Component and Are Less Likely to Be Upgraded in Radical Prostatectomies
Authors: Zhao Yani , Deng Fang-Ming , Huang Hongying , Lee Peng , Lepor Hebert , Rosenkrantz Andrew B. , Taneja Samir , Melamed Jonathan , Zhou Ming 
Published: July 2018

Context.—In Gleason score (GS) 7 prostate cancers, the quantity of Gleason pattern 4 (GP 4) is an important prognostic factor and influences treatment decisions. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI)–targeted biopsy has been increasingly used in clinical practice.Objective.—To investigate whether MRI-targeted biopsy may detect GS 7 prostate cancer with greater GP 4 quantity, and whether it improves biopsy/radical prostatectomy GS concordance.Design.—A total of 243 patients with paired standard and MRI-targeted biopsies with cancer in either standard or targeted or both were studied, 65 of whom had subsequent radical prostatectomy. The biopsy findings, including GS and tumor volume, were correlated with the radical prostatectomy findings.Results.—More prostate cancers detected by MRI-targeted biopsy were GS 7 or higher. Mean GP 4 percentage in GS 7 cancers was 31.0% ± 29.3% by MRI-targeted biopsy versus 25.1% ± 29.5% by standard biopsy. A total of 122 of 218 (56.0%) and 96 of 217 (44.2%) prostate cancers diagnosed on targeted biopsy and standard biopsy, respectively, had a GP 4 of 10% or greater (P = .01). Gleason upgrading was seen in 12 of 59 cases (20.3%) from MRI-targeted biopsy and in 24 of 57 cases (42.1%) from standard biopsy (P = .01). Gleason upgrading correlated with the biopsy cancer volume inversely and GP 4 of 30% or less in standard biopsy. Such correlation was not found in MRI-targeted biopsy.Conclusions.—Magnetic resonance imaging–targeted biopsy may detect more aggressive prostate cancers and reduce the risk of Gleason upgrading in radical prostatectomy. This study supports a potential role for MRI-targeted biopsy in the workup of prostate cancer and inclusion of percentage of GP 4 in prostate biopsy reports.
COMP Report: CPQR Technical Quality Control Guidelines for Data Management Systems
Authors: Pomerleau‐Dalcourt Natalie , Basran Parminder 
Published: July 2018

AbstractThe Canadian Organization of Medical Physicists (COMP), in close partnership with the Canadian Partnership for Quality Radiotherapy (CPQR) has developed a series of Technical Quality Control (TQC) guidelines for radiation treatment equipment. These guidelines outline the performance objectives that equipment should meet in order to ensure an acceptable level of radiation treatment quality. The TQC guidelines have been rigorously reviewed and field tested in a variety of Canadian radiation treatment facilities. The development process enables rapid review and update to keep the guidelines current with changes in technology (the most updated version of this guideline can be found on the CPQR website). This particular TQC details recommended quality control testing of radiation data management systems.
Realizing an Epitaxial Decorated Stanene with an Insulating Bandgap
Authors: Zang Yunyi , Jiang Tian , Gong Yan , Guan Zhaoyong , Liu Chong , Liao Menghan , Zhu Kejing , Li Zhe , Wang Lili , Li Wei , Song Canli , Zhang Ding , Xu Yong , He Ke , Ma Xucun , Zhang Shou‐Cheng , Xue Qi‐Kun 
Published: July 2018

AbstractThe exploration of intriguing topological quantum physics in stanene has attracted enormous interest but is challenged by lacking desirable material samples. The successful fabrication of monolayer stanene on PbTe(111) films with low‐temperature molecular beam epitaxy and thorough characterizations of its atomic and electronic structures are reported here. In situ angle‐resolved photoemission spectroscopy together with first‐principles calculations identify two hole bands of p
xy orbital with a spin‐orbit coupling induced band splitting and meanwhile reveal an automatic passivation of p
z orbital of stanene. Importantly, material properties are tuned by substrate engineering, realizing a decorated stanene sample with truly insulating bulk on Sr‐doped PbTe. This finding paves a road for studies of stanene‐based topological quantum effects and electronics.
Extreme Reconfigurable Nanoelectronics at the CaZrO3/SrTiO3 Interface
Authors: Chen Lu , Li Jianan , Tang Yuhe , Pai Yun‐Yi , Chen Yunzhong , Pryds Nini , Irvin Patrick , Levy Jeremy 
Published: July 2018

AbstractComplex oxide heterostructures have fascinating emergent properties that originate from the properties of the bulk constituents as well as from dimensional confinement. The conductive behavior of the polar/nonpolar LaAlO3/SrTiO3 interface can be reversibly switched using conductive atomic force microscopy (c‐AFM) lithography, enabling a wide range of devices and physics to be explored. Here, extreme nanoscale control over the CaZrO3/SrTiO3 (CZO/STO) interface, which is formed from two materials that are both nonpolar, is reported. Nanowires with measured widths as narrow as 1.2 nm are realized at the CZO/STO interface at room temperature by c‐AFM lithography. These ultrathin nanostructures have spatial dimensions at room temperature that are comparable to single‐walled carbon nanotubes, and hold great promise for alternative oxide‐based nanoelectronics, as well as offer new opportunities to investigate the electronic structure of the complex oxide interfaces. The cryogenic properties of devices constructed from quasi‐1D channels, tunnel barriers, and planar gates exhibit gate‐tunable superconductivity, quantum oscillations, electron pairing outside of the superconducting regime, and quasi‐ballistic transport. This newly demonstrated ability to control the metal–insulator transition at nonpolar oxide interface greatly expands the class of materials whose behavior can be patterned and reconfigured at extreme nanoscale dimensions.
Oxygen‐Vacancy and Surface Modulation of Ultrathin Nickel Cobaltite Nanosheets as a High‐Energy Cathode for Advanced Zn‐Ion Batteries
Authors: Zeng Yinxiang , Lai Zhengzhe , Han Yi , Zhang Haozhe , Xie Shilei , Lu Xihong 
Published: July 2018

AbstractThe development of high‐capacity, Earth‐abundant, and stable cathode materials for robust aqueous Zn‐ion batteries is an ongoing challenge. Herein, ultrathin nickel cobaltite (NiCo2O4) nanosheets with enriched oxygen vacancies and surface phosphate ions (P–NiCo2O4‐x) are reported as a new high‐energy‐density cathode material for rechargeable Zn‐ion batteries. The oxygen‐vacancy and surface phosphate‐ion modulation are achieved by annealing the pristine NiCo2O4 nanosheets using a simple phosphating process. Benefiting from the merits of substantially improved electrical conductivity and increased concentration of active sites, the optimized P–NiCo2O4‐x nanosheet electrode delivers remarkable capacity (309.2 mAh g−1 at 6.0 A g−1) and extraordinary rate performance (64% capacity retention at 60.4 A g−1). Moreover, based on the P–NiCo2O4‐x cathode, our fabricated P–NiCo2O4‐x//Zn battery presents an impressive specific capacity of 361.3 mAh g−1 at the high current density of 3.0 A g−1 in an alkaline electrolyte. Furthermore, extremely high energy density (616.5 Wh kg−1) and power density (30.2 kW kg−1) are also achieved, which outperforms most of the previously reported aqueous Zn‐ion batteries. This ultrafast and high‐energy aqueous Zn‐ion battery is promising for widespread application to electric vehicles and intelligent devices.
Advanced Lithium‐Ion Batteries for Practical Applications: Technology, Development, and Future Perspectives
Authors: Choi Sinho , Wang Guoxiu 
Published: July 2018

AbstractLithium‐ion batteries have been used to operate various electric devices over the last decade. Electronic devices have been developed rapidly to achieve a high level of performance and enter into new markets. However, lithium‐ion batteries face limitations as a result of the low theoretical energy density of existing materials. Thus, many researchers have sought to investigate different ways to enhance the performance of batteries when used for practical applications. This review revisits the literature related to the development of high performance lithium‐ion batteries, which have been shown to have achieved outstanding results in a full cell test. In particular, the full cell test is critically important when seeking to develop materials that are appropriate for use in practical applications, and it also helps meet the increasing demands of new lithium‐ion batteries that are a result of emerging technology. This review article aims to provide information about the development of lithium‐ion batteries and the latest developments in new materials and nanotechnology. Furthermore, it will outline the challenges faced by the research community in developing advanced batteries and the outlook for the next generation of lithium‐ion batteries.