bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Heart rate variability in chronic ischemic stroke: analysis during the sleep-wake cycle
Authors: Buitrago-Ricaurte Natalia , Cintra Fatima Dumas , Faber Jean , Silva Gisele Sampaio 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
Background Alterations of the autonomic nervous system (ANS) in the chronic stage of ischemic stroke (IS) are not well understood. Heart rate variability (HRV) provides a noninvasive approach to assess autonomic function.
Objective To compare the HRV parameters during the sleep-wake cycle between patients with IS in the chronic stage and healthy subjects.
Methods We conducted a retrospective transversal study based on clinical records and 24-hour electrocardiogram (EKG) monitoring registries of 179 patients with a confirmed IS diagnosis and 184 age- and sex-matched healthy subjects. Circadian variation was calculated according to the variation of the total autonomic activity (VTAI) and the parasympathetic activity (VPAI) indexes. Comparisons were performed using nonparametric tests. Multivariable analyses were performed with canonical discriminant analysis (CDA) and a three-way analysis of variance (ANOVA). Statistical significance was established with a confidence level of 95%.
Results During waking hours, the healthy group exhibited higher variability in the time domain and frequency domain parameters: standard deviation of NN intervals (SDNN, p < 0.001) and of the average NN intervals (SDANN, p < 0.001), as well as low-frequency (LF) band (p < 0.001). During sleep, the difference was higher in the high-frequency (HF) band (p < 0.001), and lower in the low-/high-frequency ratio (LF/HF, p < 0.001). Both VPAI and VTAI showed less significant difference in IS patients (p < 0.001).
Conclusion There was diminished heart vagal activity among IS patients, as measured through HRV. During sleep, this is likely caused by an imbalance in the sympathetic and parasympathetic systems shifting through the sleep phases. These imbalances could persist over time in patients with IS, lasting months after the initial injury.
Prosthetic Rehabilitation of a Patient after Hemimaxillectomy due to Squamous Cell Carcinoma in the Maxillary Sinus: Case Report
Authors: Emam AbdelNaser Mohammed 
Published: November 2024

AbstractRehabilitation of uncontrolled diabetics with impairments due to acquired defects is complex. More significant defects are more challenging to treat than smaller ones, which can often be corrected surgically. When surgical reconstruction is not possible, the preferred treatment method for facial defects is prosthetic reconstruction. An obturator prosthesis is a standard and efficient method for treating such maxillary defects. This case report aims to evaluate patients' satisfaction with uncontrolled diabetes with improved speech, swallowing, and articulation, and achieving acceptable aesthetics after rehabilitation.This case report details the ultimate obturator prosthesis therapy for an elderly male patient who had a hemimaxillectomy because of squamous cell cancer of the maxillary air sinus. The patient had uncontrolled diabetes and mobility grade 1 of the remaining upper teeth. A gauze coated with Vaseline blocked a significant medial undercut in the defect. The primary, final impression, and jaw relationships were recorded to aid postoperative speech and deglutition. Normal palatal contours were replicated to ensure functional outcomes. The obturator portion was hollowed to reduce its weight and prevent unnecessary strain on the supporting teeth and tissues. The obturator was fabricated using heat-cured acrylic resin to allow future additions in the event of tooth extraction and relining.A well-made and constructed obturator for diabetic patients can offer high adaptability and functionality. Multidisciplinary planning is essential for effective dental care and functional rehabilitation, and avoiding oroantral communication. This will significantly improve the patient's quality of life.
Follicular Dendritic Cell Sarcoma of the Thyroid Gland: A Rare Case Report
Authors: Poojari Mayadevi , Madabhavi Irappa , Pol Jaydeep , Desai Sharad 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
Introduction Follicular dendritic cell sarcoma (FDCS) is a rare neoplasm of antigen-presenting cells within the reticuloendothelial system primarily originating in lymph nodes, but in almost one-third of the patients, extranodal sites are involved including oral cavity, tonsil, gastrointestinal tract, soft tissue, and breast. The thyroid gland is an extremely rare location for FDCS and very few cases are reported in the literature.
Case Report Here, we present a 39-year-old man who presented with a swelling in the neck for 3 months and difficulty in breathing for 15 days. Following left hemi-thyroidectomy, histopathologically and immunohistologically, he was diagnosed as FDCS of thyroid arising in Castleman's disease. He received adjuvant radiation treatment. The patient had favorable prognosis with no evidence of disease for 6 years after treatment till date.
Conclusion The aim of this report was to present the rare site of FDCS arising in the thyroid gland, the vital role of immunohistochemistry in diagnosis, and effectiveness of multimodality treatment for favorable prognosis.
Preparation of PDMS permeation membrane by emulsion dilution method and its separation performance for aromatics
Authors: Wang Meiluan , Ni Fang , Teng Ziling , Ge Zixuan , Liu Qi , Zhu Benwei , Liao Huiyun , Yao Zhong 
Published: November 2024

Natural aroma compounds are a kind of important food additive. Taking bis(2-ethylhexyl) sodium sulfosuccinate (AOT) as the surfactant, water-in-n-heptane emulsions were prepared. Then, the emulsions were adopted as the diluter to prepare polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) pervaporation membranes using the emulsion templating method (ePDMS), of which the separation layer was controlled by the template action of emulsion drops. The ePDMS membranes were utilized to separate aroma compounds. Field-emission scanning electron microscope (FESEM) analysis revealed that the surface of the ePDMS membrane remained smooth, and white light interferometry confirmed the membrane’s surface smoothness. FESEM cross-sectional analysis exposed the voids left by the evaporation of the emulsion, rendering the separation layer of the ePDMS membrane more porous. Water contact angle measurements demonstrated the hydrophobicity of the ePDMS membrane, which is advantageous for the pervaporation of aromatic compounds. Fourier transform infrared spectrometry analysis confirmed the evaporation and separation of the emulsion, retaining the original chemical properties of the PDMS membrane. In an ethanol–water system, the permeation flux of ethanol in ePDMS membranes prepared with 1 emulsion (Vwater:Vn-heptane = 1:9; mass concentration of AOT of 1.0 mg/ml) is 90.6% higher than that in PDMS membranes, while the separation factor does not change obviously. The separation performance of ePDMS membranes for linalool in water was further studied. Results show that the permeation flux and separation factor of linalool in ePDMS composite membranes at 50 °C are 786 g m−2 h−1 and 17.69, which separately increase by 84.7% and 27.1% compared with those in PDMS membranes. This indicates that adding ethanol exerts a significant synergistic effect on the separation of linalool.
Optimization algorithms for dynamic environmental sensing and motion planning of quadruped robots in complex environments on unmanned offshore platforms
Authors: Liu Kaishu , Gu Jijun , He Xiaoyong , Zhang Long 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
With the development of reduced-manning and unattended offshore oil and gas fields, quadruped robots have become essential tools for monitoring unattended offshore oil platforms and reducing operational costs. However, the complexity of these platforms makes real-time generation of quadruped robot motion based on environmental information a critical issue. We propose a comprehensive perception, planning, and control pipeline to optimize the robot’s motion in real-time. To enhance environmental perception, we introduce an unsupervised learning clustering algorithm. Addressing the numerical challenges of terrain, we optimize the contact surface selection problem by precomputing terrain traversability and convex hull calculations, minimizing computational workload. Concurrently, a series of contact surface constraints and foothold optimizations are approximated locally and integrated into an online model predictive controller. We solve the optimal control problem using second-order sensitivity analysis and the enhanced generalized Gauss–Newton (EGGN) method. Combined with a filter-based line search method, this provides better convergence performance and numerical stability. In simulations and experimental environments resembling offshore oil platforms, we validated our proposed method using the Aliengo quadruped platform. Results demonstrate that our approach can meet the challenges of offshore oil platforms, which is of significant importance for future engineering applications on unattended offshore platforms.
The Bernoulli property for counter-twisting linked twist maps
Authors: Myers Hill Joe 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
We prove the Bernoulli property for a class of counter-twisting linked twist maps. These compose orthogonal linear shears on the torus, orientated in the opposite sense to their co-twisting counterparts (where the shears reinforce one another). Compared to previous studies we focus on the parameter space corresponding to weak shears, near the critical parameter below which hyperbolicity is lost and the map is non-mixing. The approach developed to deal with this situation appears applicable to a broad range of non-uniformly hyperbolic examples.
Simultaneous studies of K- and L-shell mid-atomic-number plasmas produced by Z-pinches
Authors: Stafford A , Safronova A S , Kantsyrev V L , Shlyaptseva V V 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
Z-pinches have been intensively studied for their applications to high energy density (HED) physics, x-ray sources, astrophysics, and inertial confinement fusion. Alumel (mostly Ni) double planar wire array (DPWA) Z-pinch experiments were performed on the Zebra generator at the enhanced current of 1.6 MA with an advanced setup of diagnostics to measure the temporal evolution of x-ray radiation from plasmas. The implementation of two time-gated spectrometers which recorded hard and soft x-ray radiation allowed for simultaneous studies of K-shell and L-shell radiating plasmas, respectively, in a single experiment. Two almost identical DPWA experiments established a wide observation window around the main x-ray burst. Overall, time-gated plasma spectroscopy provided more information on temporal evolution of ‘hot’ and ‘cold’ K-shell radiating plasmas compared to slowly evolving L-shell radiating plasma. In addition, new spectral features such as from hollow ions were observed and studied using the time-gated K-shell plasma spectroscopy, which is important for further investigation of exotic ion states in HED plasmas.
Conventional group analysis of twisted bilayer graphene within the tight-binding framework
Authors: Yu Guodong , Jiao Menggai , Feng Lanting 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
The symmetry of twisted bilayer graphene (tBG) has been extensively studied in the continuum model but somewhat overlooked in the tight-binding (TB) framework. In contrast to the continuum model, which requires operators for both sublattice and layer spaces, the TB framework relies solely on operators in real space. This paper begins by discussing the symmetries of the TB Hamiltonian and the single-valley TB Hamiltonian of tBG. Subsequently, the band structures with specific irreducible representations (irreps) are obtained by diagonalizing the irrep-dependent Hamiltonian constructed through projection operators. We also investigate the impact of symmetry on intervalley coupling and the influence of a non-zero mass term on the

C

2
z

T

symmetry of the single-valley Hamiltonian. To understand the irrep change as the wavevector moves inside the Brillouin zone and the irrep change after considering the intervalley coupling or introducing a non-zero mass term at a fixed wavevector, we derive two kinds of compatibility relationships. The methodology presented here can be applied to other layered materials because the basis functions we employ are generic and unique to twisted bilayers.
Optimizing germination in tomato (Solanum lycopersicum) seeds through non-thermal plasma treatment
Authors: Guragain Rajesh Prakash , Baniya Hom Bahadur , Guragain Deepesh Prakash , Subedi Deepak Prasad 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
This study explores the efficacy of non-thermal plasma (NTP) treatment in enhancing the germination of tomato (Solanum lycopersicum) seeds. The experimental setup utilized a dielectric barrier discharge (DBD) system with specific parameters, including voltage, frequency, and treatment duration. Optical emission spectroscopy (OES) was employed to characterize the reactive oxygen and nitrogen species (RONS) generated during plasma treatment. Seeds subjected to plasma for durations ranging from 60 to 300 s were assessed for various germination parameters, including germination percentage, mean germination time, and seedling vigor. Our findings demonstrate significant improvements in germination efficiency, particularly evident at 120 and 180 s of exposure, where germination percentages increased by 113.0% and 83.3%, respectively, compared to control (untreated) seeds. Moreover, seeds subjected to NTP showed reduced mean germination times and enhanced synchronization in germination compared to the control group. Optical characterization revealed the presence of reactive species that likely contribute to the improved seed performance. These findings highlight the promise of non-thermal plasma as an eco-friendly method for improving seed germination in agriculture.
A creative hybridization of metamaterial CSRR and multiple-mode resonators for designing a compact wideband bandpass filter for 5G/IOT/WLAN/Wi-Fi 6E applications
Authors: Elbathaoui Mouhssine , Jebbor Nawfal , Das Sudipta , Ali Wael , Algarni Abeer D , Boufounas El-Mahjoub 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
This article presents the design of a metamaterials-based hybrid wideband bandpass filter (WB-BPF) supporting several advanced communication applications. The suggested filter uses multiple-mode resonators (MMRs) and metamaterial complementary split-ring resonators (CSRRs). Coupling frequencies are optimized by stretching the coupled lines parallel on both sides. At the same time, the metamaterial complementary split-ring resonator (CSSR) cells are carefully tuned to improve impedance matching, reduce insertion loss, and broaden the bandwidth. The designed compact-sized bandpass filter offers a Quality factor (

Q

L

) of above 1 while maintaining a wide bandwidth of 6150 MHz. The realized structure requires a small physical area of 20.2 × 10 mm2. A parametric study, field distribution analysis, and equivalent circuit model of the proposed hybrid BPF are performed. The resulting filter has an exceptional response with five transmission poles, demonstrating superior performance in the targeted frequency range. This wideband bandpass filter, operating from 3.3 GHz to 9.45 GHz, finds potential applications in the emerging fields of the Internet of Things (IoT), wireless fidelity 6 enhanced (Wi-Fi 6E), and high-speed wireless communications, particularly 5G technology, and 5 GHz wireless local area network (WLAN). This research demonstrates significant advances in the development of bandpass filters, offering compact, high-performance solutions for modern communications systems.
Predicting elastic and electronic properties of quaternary Heusler alloys using machine learning and DFT calculations
Authors: Akhtar Waqas , Ahmed Ishfaq , Huang Jingtao , Mubashir Shanza , Chen Jiaying , Xue Jingteng , Liu Yong , Qu Nan , Zhu Jingchuan 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
The Decision Tree (DT) Regression model is employed to predict the elastic and electronic characteristics of quaternary Heusler alloys using pre-existing and newly developed databases. The previously discussed were used to gather, preprocess, clean, and prepare the data so that the model would be more productive and efficient. The performance of the (DT) model demonstrates its robustness against overfitting, outliers, multicollinearity, and distribution of data points, in addition to being accurate enough to predict the response variables on the test data. The parity plots comparing the machine learning predicted values with the computed values using density functional theory (DFT) exhibit a linear relationship, with adjusted R
2 and MSE values predominantly lying within the range of 0.80 to 0.93 and 0.10 to 0.22 for all predicted properties of the quaternary Heusler alloy. In light of the results anticipated from the model analysis, a Validation is cited comparing ML predicted outcomes with first principle calculations based on (DFT) by selecting MnFeNiAl QHA, indicating the DT model’s excellent precision with a 13% average error, which suggests high accuracy of results predicted by the model.
Extending MGCAMB tests of gravity to nonlinear scales
Authors: Wang Zhuangfei , Saadeh Daniela , Koyama Kazuya , Pogosian Levon , Bose Benjamin , Yi Lanyang , Zhao Gong-Bo 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
Modified Growth with CAMB (MGCAMB) is a patch for the Einstein-Boltzmann solver CAMB for cosmological tests of gravity. Until now, MGCAMB was limited to scales well-described by linear perturbation theory. In this work, we extend the framework with a phenomenological model that can capture nonlinear corrections in a broad range of modified gravity theories. The extension employs the publicly available halo model reaction code ReACT, developed for modeling the nonlinear corrections to cosmological observables in extensions of the ΛCDM model. The nonlinear extension makes it possible to use a wider range of data from large scale structure surveys, without applying a linear scale cut. We demonstrate that, with the 3×2pt Dark Energy Survey data, we achieve a stronger constraint on the linear phenomenological functions μ and Σ, after marginalzing over the additional nonlinear parameter p
1, compared to the case without the nonlinear extension and using a linear cut. The new version of MGCAMB is now forked with CAMB on GitHub allowing for compatibility with future upgrades.
A novel polyurethane-based silver foam dressing with superior antimicrobial action for management of infected chronic wounds
Authors: Rajput Jay Hind , Rathi Varun , Mukherjee Anwesha , Yadav Pankaj , Gupta Tarush , Das Bodhisatwa , Poundarik Atharva 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
Wound healing is a complex and dynamic process supported by several cellular events. Around 13 million individuals globally suffer from chronic wounds yearly, for which dressings with excellent antimicrobial activity and cell viability (>70%, as per ISO 10993) are needed. Excessive use of silver can cause cytotoxicity and has been linked to increasing antimicrobial resistance. In this study, HDI Ag foam was synthesized using a safer hexamethylene diisocyanate-based prepolymer (HDI prepolymer) instead of commonly used diisocyanates like TDI and MDI and substantially lower Ag content than that incorporated in other Ag foams. In vitro characteristics of the HDI Ag foam were evaluated in comparison with leading clinically used foam-based dressings. All dressings underwent a detailed characterization in accordance with industrially accepted BS EN 13726 standards. The HDI Ag foam exhibited highest antimicrobial efficiency against S. aureus and P. aeruginosa (static condition), with the lowest amount of Ag (0.2 wt%) on the wound contact surface. The extracts from HDI Ag foam showed superior cell viability (>70%), when tested on the L929 mouse fibroblast cell line. Measurements of moisture vapor transmission, fluid handling, physico-chemical and mechanical properties ensured that the HDI foam was clinically acceptable for chronic wound patients.
Estimates of required impurity fraction for EAST divertor detachment
Authors: OU 欧 Jing 靖 , LONG 龙 Jiamin 嘉敏 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
During the EAST radiative divertor experiments, one of the key challenges was how to avoid the occurrence of disruptive events caused by excessive impurity seeding. To estimate the required impurity fraction for divertor detachment, we introduce a reduced edge plasma radiation model. In the model, based on the momentum conservation along the magnetic field line, the upstream pressure is determined by the plasma density and temperature at the divertor target, and then the impurity radiation loss is obtained by the balance of the heat and particle fluxes. It is found that the required impurity fraction shows a non-monotonic variation with divertor electron temperature (

)

when

. In the range of

, the position near the valley of required impurity fraction corresponds to strong plasma recombination. Due to the dependence of the volumetric momentum loss effect on the

in the range of

, the required impurity fraction peaks and then decreases as

is increased. Compared to neon, the usage of argon reduces the impurity fraction by about twice. In addition, for the various fitting parameters in the pressure–momentum loss model, it is shown that the tendency of required impurity fraction with

always increases first and then decreases in the range of

, but the required impurity fraction decreases when the model that characterizes the strong loss in pressure momentum is used.
Spatial distribution of fine particulate matters in urban school classrooms during high-concentration events in South Korea
Authors: Choi Hyeon Seok , Wang Yanjun , Lee Taejung , Jo Youngmin 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
The assessment of indoor fine particulate matter (particularly PM1.0) in classrooms is a recent concern due to its negative effects on the health and performance of young students, most of whom spend 6–8 h per day in schools. A field investigation of 20 urban schools with uncontrolled classroom conditions found that the hourly average concentrations of PM2.5 and PM1.0 in 20 classrooms ranged from 6.5 μg m−3 to 36.9 μg m−3 and 4.3 μg m−3 to 27.4 μg m−3, respectively. The ratios of indoor to outdoor (I/O) concentrations were 0.46 to 1.32 for PM2.5 and 0.43 to 0.97 for PM1.0. The size-based ratios of fine-to-coarse (F/C) were 0.46 to 0.88 for PM1.0/PM2.5 in indoor environments and 0.57 to 0.93 outdoors. During high-concentration events caused by yellow dust and heavy local smog, the F/C ratio (PM1.0/PM2.5) in the classroom was 0.22 and 0.93, respectively, and the respective I/O values for PM2.5 and PM1.0 were 0.68 and 0.60. These findings can inform the development of school guidelines for managing the health of young students.