bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Anti‐Stokes Emission Utilizing Reverse Intersystem Crossing
Authors: Kohata Shintaro , Nakanotani Hajime , Hosokai Takuya , Yasuda Takuma , Tsuchiya Youichi , Adachi Chihaya 
Published: November 2024

AbstractPhoton‐upconversion (PUC) processes in organic molecular systems, such as triplet‐triplet upconversion and hot‐band absorption, are promising technologies for future energy harvesting. Although these processes can generate high‐energy excitons compared to excitation energy, a PUC process with a high yield and no energy loss has not been established and, therefore, is highly desired. Here, we propose an alternative PUC mechanism that uses reverse intersystem crossing on thermally activated delayed fluorescence (TADF) molecules. This process combines a triplet sensitizer and a TADF molecule, generating a triplet in the former and transferring it to the latter. Specifically, the triplet energy transfer from Ir(ppy)3 (sensitizer) to CzBSe (TADF) results in anti‐Stokes emission with an anti‐Stokes energy of 0.18 eV. We found that the triplet energy transfer rate strongly depends on the triplet radiative decay rate of TADF molecules and the difference in Gibbs energy between the energy acceptor and donor. Our findings will contribute to understanding triplet energy transfer dynamics in organic energy donor‐acceptor systems and will lead to various applications, such as future optical cooling systems.
Hydrogen Radical Enabling Industrial‐Level Oxygen Electroreduction to Hydrogen Peroxide
Authors: Xue Song , Li Xiaohui , Sun Yuanyuan , Cui Wangyang , Cao Fengliang , Cao Zhisheng , Huang Yin , Shao Mingzheng , Li Zhongtao , Zhi Linjie 
Published: November 2024

AbstractThe electrochemical synthesis of hydrogen peroxide from oxygen and water, powered by renewable electricity, provides a highly attractive alternative to the energy‐intensive autoxidation process presently used in industry, but much remains unknown about this two‐electron oxygen reduction reaction (2e‐ORR), especially the local proton effect. Here, we have investigated the function of hydrogen‐associated intermediates in the 2e‐ORR using a rationally designed cooperative electrode material with cobalt (II) clusters embedded onto the oxidized carbon nanotube composites (Co‐OCNT). We found that the local proton availability can determine both the reaction kinetics and selectivity. A 2e‐ORR process involving hydrogen radical transfer is confirmed. Specifically, the carbon sites from the OCNTs promote proton production, and the cobalt sites from the Co cluster facilitate ORR intermediate formation. The high local proton availability and the cooperative dual‐active sites both contribute to the superior reaction kinetics and selectivity of the Co‐OCNT, reaching an H2O2 production rate of ~40.6 mol gcat−1 h−1 and a faradaic efficiency of 90 % at a current density of 300 mA cm−2. Further cascading the 2e‐ORR with the electro‐Fenton process shows a high selectivity of oxalic acid up to 97 % for the valorization of ethylene glycol.
Development and Applications of an Amide Linchpin Reagent
Authors: Uppalapati Bhavana , Aubry Maxime A. , Wang Qiang , Abdelhamid Dalia , Gill Monica A. , Beauchemin André M. 
Published: November 2024

AbstractLinchpin reagents are building blocks that can be chemoselectively functionalized to afford products with a common, useful functional group. In this work, we describe the development and validation of the first amide linchpin reagent and demonstrate its use as a doubly electrophilic building block for the synthesis of a variety of amides, including challenging classes. The linchpin reagent was first functionalized via rhodium‐catalyzed electrophilic amination. Selected masked C‐isocyanate products were then further derivatized with Grignard reagents to produce secondary amides, or tertiary amides if an alkylating agent was added subsequently. The success of this sequence relies on fully controlled reactivity at each electrophilic site, first exploiting the weak N−O bond and then, the ability to form the free isocyanate intermediate in situ. The overall transformation proceeds with high chemoselectivity, demonstrating the ability of this new linchpin reagent to form amides through atypical bond construction. Finally, the potential of this reagent as a more broadly applicable NCO linchpin is demonstrated by the formation of lactams and unsymmetrical ureas.
Hydrothermal Stability of Active Sites in Cu‐Exchanged Small‐Pore Zeolites for the Selective Catalytic Reduction of NOx
Authors: Wenig Mirjam , Khare Rachit , Jentys Andreas , Lercher Johannes A. 
Published: November 2024

AbstractCombining operando X‐ray absorption spectroscopy (XAS) and computational modelling shows unequivocally the distribution of active species in fresh and hydrothermally aged Cu‐CHA and Cu‐AEI zeolites during NH3‐assisted selective catalytic reduction of NOx. Four principal species co‐exist: (i) CuI cations coordinated to NH3, (ii) CuI cations coordinated to the zeolite framework, (iii) solvated CuII cations, and (iv) framework‐coordinated CuII species (CuIIst) formed upon hydrothermal ageing of the zeolite sample. The CuIIst species were only observed in the hydrothermally aged zeolite samples and are formed upon the interaction of hydrated CuII cations with extra‐framework Al (EFAl) generated during the hydrothermal treatment. These sites are inactive for NOx reduction, leading to a decrease in the catalytic performance of the hydrothermally aged zeolites. CuIIst formation was higher in Cu‐CHA (~46 %) than in Cu‐AEI (~28 %). The better hydrothermal stability of Cu in the AEI framework is attributed to the tortuous channel structure of AEI that hinders the migration of hydrated CuII cations during hydrothermal ageing.
A Chiral COFs Membrane for Enantioselective Amino Acid Separation
Authors: Manoranjan Narmadha , Fang Wangxi , Zhu Yuzhang , Jin Jian 
Published: November 2024

AbstractIncorporating chiral molecules in the covalent organic frameworks (COFs) with uniformly ordered pores results in chiral COFs, which have been highly promising candidates for enantioseparation. Herein, a homochiral COF nanochannel membrane is reported by introducing chiral centers (L‐phenylalanine methyl ester) into one of the organic ligands for the enantioseparation of chiral amino acids. The separation results show that the D‐isomer is preferentially transported through the porous membrane channel. This composite membrane exhibits excellent selectivity for racemic phenylalanine with the highest enantiomeric excess value of up to 99.4 %. The adsorption and molecular modeling studies substantiate the experiment results by showing higher bonding affinity towards D‐isomer over L‐isomer. The excellent enantioselective gating performance unveils the porous COF skeleton with chiral selectors and the size‐matching synergy for stereoselective interactions with chiral isomers.
Single Atomic Cu‐C3 Sites Catalyzed Interfacial Chemistry in Bi@C for Ultra‐Stable and Ultrafast Sodium‐Ion Batteries
Authors: Li Guochang , Tang Yifan , Wang Yuhui , Cui Shuangxing , Chen Hao , Hu Yaoping , Pang Huan , Han Lei 
Published: November 2024

AbstractRegulating interfacial chemistry at electrode‐electrolyte interface by designing catalytic electrode material is crucial and challenging for optimizing battery performance. Herein, a novel single atom Cu regulated Bi@C with Cu−C3 site (Bi@SA Cu−C) have been designed via the simple pyrolysis of metal‐organic framework. Experimental investigations and theoretical calculations indicate the Cu−C3 sites accelerate the dissociation of P−F and C−O bonds in NaPF6‐ether‐based electrolyte and catalyze the formation of inorganic‐rich and powerful solid electrolyte interphase. In addition, the Cu−C3 sites with delocalized electron around Cu trigger an uneven charge distribution and induce an in‐plane local electric field, which facilitates the adsorption of Na+ and reduces the Na+ migration energy barrier. Consequently, the obtained Bi@SA Cu−C achieves a state‐of‐the‐art reversible capacity, ultrahigh rate capability, and long‐term cycling durability. The as‐constructed full cell delivers a high capacity of 351 mAh g−1 corresponding to an energy density of 265 Wh kg−1. This work provides a new strategy to realize high‐efficient sodium ion storage for alloy‐based anode through constructing single‐atom modulator integrated catalysis and promotion effect into one entity.
Highly Efficient Chiral Separation Based on Alkali‐proof Protein Immobilization by Covalent Organic Frameworks
Authors: Yang Mingfang , Zheng Yunlong , Cai Yuqing , Guo Jinbiao , Zuo Along , Yu Jiangyue , Zhang Sainan , Zhang Zhenjie , Chen Yao 
Published: November 2024

AbstractChiral separation plays a pivotal role in both practical applications and industrial productions. However, traditional chiral stationary phases (CSPs) exhibit inherent instability in alkaline environments, presenting a significant challenge despite their importance. Herein, basophilic alcalase is creatively developed to fabricate ultrastable protein‐based CSPs that can efficiently work under alkaline conditions. An in‐depth theoretical simulation is conducted to unveil the unique three‐dimensional conformation of alcalase, showing selective affinity towards various enantiomers of chiral amino acids and drugs, especially acidic substrates. Subsequently, an in situ assembly strategy is used to immobilize alcalase within a hydrazone‐linked covalent organic framework (COF) platform. The generated protein‐based CSPs enable successful baseline separation (Rs≥1.50) for various value‐added compounds (e.g., non‐steroidal drug, RS‐flurbiprofen; nucleotide analog, RS‐tenofovir) via high‐performance liquid chromatography, surpassing the commercial chiral column. Furthermore, a systematic study reveals that increasing hydrophilicity and pore sizes of COFs can enhance the separation performance. Remarkably, the obtained CSPs demonstrated exceptional durability, maintaining performance for >2,400 runs. This study provides a new member to the protein library for CSPs, and represents an innovative and effective platform for CSPs with immense potential for the enantioseparation of acidic drugs.
Peri‐operative and anaesthetic considerations for gender‐affirming vocal surgery
Authors: Lim A. , Myatt J. , Inglis D. , Al Yaghchi C. 
Published: November 2024

SummaryThe number of people identifying as transgender and/or gender diverse has increased significantly in recent years. As there are no pharmacologic options for raising vocal pitch and voice therapy may have limited benefit, vocal feminisation surgery is important for this group of patients. It is important for clinicians to be aware of the procedures which may be carried out and the implications for subsequent airway management. In this article, we present the case of a 46‐year‐old transgender woman who underwent gender‐affirming vocal surgery. We will discuss the modified Wendler glottoplasty surgical technique, anaesthetic management and postoperative recovery. We also discuss future peri‐operative implications, including airway management for those undergoing general anaesthesia for subsequent operations.
A Near Room Temperature Curie Temperature in a New Type of Diluted Magnetic Semiconductor (Ba,K)(Zn,Mn)2As2
Authors: Peng Yi , Li Xiang , Shi Luchuan , Zhao Guoqiang , Zhang Jun , Zhao Jianfa , Wang Xiancheng , Gu Bo , Deng Zheng , Uemura Yasutomo J. , Jin Changqing 
Published: November 2024

AbstractAchieving room‐temperature ferromagnetism is one of the major challenges for diluted magnetic semiconductors (DMS). (Ba,K)(Zn,Mn)2As2 (BZA) belongs to a new type of DMS materials that feature independent spin and carrier doping. In previous studies, BZA shows a reliable Curie temperature (TC) of 230 K, a record among these types of materials. In this work, progress in further experimentally enhancing TC of BZA to 260 K is reported by increasing Mn concentration with parallel K doping, as supported by complementary first‐principles calculations. A sufficient carrier concentration can suppress the short‐range antiferromagnetic interaction of the nearest Mn─Mn pair, which suppresses ferromagnetism in DMS materials. Consequently, a higher TC has been obtained in BZA with improved Mn‐ and K‐doping levels by using high‐pressure synthesis that effectively eliminates structural distortion and overcomes the limitation of chemical solution in BZA. The work demonstrates an effective strategy to enhance TC in DMS systems.
Robust Cd(4,5‐Imdb)‐MOF for Lewis‐Acid Assisted Catalysis and Selective Sensing of 2,4,6‐Trinitrophenol
Authors: Sachan Sharad Kumar , Rajora Anjali , Ojha Subham , Anantharaman Ganapathi 
Published: November 2024

AbstractDeveloping multifunctional metal‐organic frameworks (MOFs) for effective catalysis and sensing remain a significant challenge. This study presents the synthesis of an imidazole‐based angular linker, 4,4′‐(1‐methyl‐1H‐imidazole‐4,5‐diyl)dibenzoic acid (4,5‐H2Imdb), which is used in the synthesis of the Cd(4,5‐Imdb)‐MOF. This MOF demonstrates robust and recyclable properties, making it suitable for solvent‐free Strecker synthesis and in the detection of the secondary explosive 2,4,6‐trinitrophenol (TNP) molecule, with a limit of detection (LOD) of 7.5 ppb in methanol. The material's hydrolytic stability and reusability are thoroughly evaluated. Additionally, density functional theory (DFT) calculations provide insights into the selective detection mechanism of TNP. These findings highlight the potential of Cd(4,5‐Imdb)‐MOF in catalysis and sensing applications.
Co3O4/CuO Hybrid Hollow Microspheres as Long‐Cycle‐Life Lithium‐Ion Battery Anode
Authors: Zhu Jingchao , Fu Lichao , Zuo Xintao , Liu Dapeng , Zhang Yu 
Published: November 2024

AbstractCo3O4/CuO hybrid hollow microspheres have been successfully prepared via thermal decomposition of CoCu glycolates, whose size can be adjusted by varying the molar ratio of Co2+/Cu2+. As lithium‐ion battery (LIB) anode, Co3O4/CuO microspheres exhibited excellent electrochemical performance due to synergistic effects and the hollow structural design, the best Co3O4/CuO sample could maintain a high specific capacity of 1170.4 mAh g−1 after 300 cycles at 1 A g−1, and still retain a capacity of 514.5 mAh g−1 after 1000 cycles at 2 A g−1. Thus obtained Co3O4/CuO hybrid hollow microspheres hold great potential as anode materials for high‐performance LIBs.
In‐Situ Sulfuration of Ni(OH)2 to Heterostructured Ni3S2/Ni(OH)2@Ni Catalyst for Efficient Water Splitting
Authors: Dai Xinxin , Tang Zhen , Yan Xinyuan , Tao Shiyi , Wang Shanshan , Liu Yi , Cao Jiafeng , Deng Xiaolong , Bo Xin 
Published: November 2024

AbstractThe exploring and developing non‐precious transition metal‐based catalysts for practical water electrolysis with the low cost, high efficiency and easy macroscopic preparation was still a challenge. Herein, Ni3S2/Ni(OH)2 heterojunction with different sulfuration time was proposed and hydrothermally synthesized using a simple two‐step approach, which served as a bifunctional electrocatalyst for water splitting in alkaline solution at industrial temperature. Among these catalysts, Ni3S2/Ni(OH)2‐5h displayed the smallest overpotentials (237 mV@100 mA cm−2 and 360 mV@100 mA cm−2) for OER and HER at room temperature, along with low Tafel slopes of 62.0 mV dec−1 and 80.8 mV dec−1 respectively. Furthermore, working at high temperature Ni3S2/Ni(OH)2‐5h exhibited even lower overpotential of 82 mV@100 mA cm−2 at 70 °C for OER and 325 mV@100 mA cm−2 at 60 °C for HER. The excellent performance was ascribed to the heterojunction accelerating the charge transfer, hierarchical interconnected structure promoting the mass transfer and the synergistic effect between the components of Ni3S2 and Ni(OH)2. This work could provide a promising route for promoting the electrocatalytic performance of Ni‐based catalyst with a simple sulfuration method for industrial water splitting, which could expand to other non‐noble metal‐based materials for enhancing the electrocatalytic activities.
On the Description of Electrode Materials in Lithium Ion Batteries Based on the Quantification of Work Functions
Authors: Schepp Johanna , Schuch Jona , Hofmann Jan P. , Weitzel Karl‐Michael 
Published: November 2024

AbstractDuring charging of a lithium ion battery, electrons are transferred from the cathode material to the outer circuit and lithium ions are transferred into the electrolyte. Here, the energy required to take electrons and lithium ions out of two prototypical cathode materials, LixFePO4 and LixMn2O4 is investigated as a function of the state of lithiation, x. Both electronic and ionic work functions vary significantly with x for LixFePO4 but rather little for LixMn2O4. The relevance of these work functions for the thermodynamic description of lithium ion batteries is discussed.
The effect of mobile phone electromagnetic fields on the human resting state wake EEG and event‐related potential: A systematic review and meta‐analysis
Authors: Prins Anna C. , Baas Koen , van der Meer Johan N. , Jacobs Marc , Nederveen Aart J. 
Published: November 2024

AbstractThe rapid growth of mobile phone usage and its use of radiofrequency electromagnetic fields (RF‐EMF) have raised concerns about potential health risks. Researchers have conducted studies to examine the effects of RF‐EMF on the brain using electroencephalography (EEG). We conducted a systematic quality assessment and meta‐analysis of published research in this field to establish high‐quality studies as references for future protocols. The electronic search yielded 244 records from which a total of 51 studies were included in the review after excluding studies based on study design, and data or report availability. Of these 51 studies, 31 (61%) focused on resting state wake EEG and 20 (39%) on event‐related potentials (ERP). None of the 51 studies were free from risk of bias. From the 51 included studies, we were able to use seven studies to create three different groups for meta‐analysis for resting state wake EEG and five studies to create 10 different groups for meta‐analysis for ERP. Per group the number of studies varies from 1 to 5. Our procedure is the first systematic quality assessment in this field and revealed three important findings. First, there is evidence of an effect on the EEG of a 2G protocol using an eyes‐open condition. Second, we did not find evidence for EEG effects during task performance. This suggests that the impact of EMF during task performance is less pronounced compared to the resting state condition. Third, this meta‐analysis shows that the field is unable to create an evidence base for most comparisons due to heterogeneity. We therefore advise that all future studies are double‐blind in nature, adhere to the methodological standard of randomized experiments, and publish their protocols first.
Human Placenta in Premodern Europe—a Cultural and Pharmaceutical Agent**
Authors: Wahrig Bettina 
Published: November 2024

AbstractThis paper was prompted by some striking similarities between both the ritual and the medical use of placenta in Ming China and in premodern Europe. Contrary to most accounts, which focus either on the rise of chemiatric medicine or on the growing interest in “exotic” substances, the seventeenth century in Europe also reveals a revived interest in substances from animals, including materials from human bodies. The paper will analyse the use of words signifying the placenta, and follow the trace of vernacular knowledge about the placenta and its role in birth‐giving, and in medieval medical texts on women's medicine. I will then analyse how the placenta is treated in systems of signatures in the age of alchemy and will try to trace the advent of more complicated preparations in the seventeenth century, and how between the eighteenth and the twenty‐first century, the placenta meandered between a token of folk medicine (re)productive material and pharmaceutical resource.
Materialities of the In/between: Drugs and Medical Knowledge between Europe and East Asia
Authors: Merdes Dominik , Wahrig Bettina 
Published: November 2024

AbstractThis special issue presents six research papers that were developed within the Taiwanese‐German working group “Materialities of Medical Cultures in/between Europe and East Asia.” Our working group uses the concept of “in/between” as an umbrella term to study the cultural history of drugs and the practices of medicine and care. This issue's articles address the question of how drugs and medical knowledge emerged from the various in/between spaces created by encounters between East Asian and European medical cultures. Their focus is on the entanglements of matters and knowledge in the contexts of mission and colonialism, the production of medicinal substances and helminthology, as well as on premodern knowledge cultures concerning childbirth and the preparation and consumption of animals with a medicinal background. The contributions present a comparative perspective on material and knowledge cultures surrounding medical materials from plants, animals, and humans. In this introduction, we summarize the discussions within our Taiwan‐German working group as case studies on how scholars of East Asian and European studies can meet under the “in/between” umbrella term as a productive approach to an interdisciplinary and comparative history of knowledge.
Fog collection using hydrophobic and hydrophilic treatments on wrinkle‐based multilayered surfaces
Authors: Kim Yongseong , Kim Huihwa , Choi Hyun‐ju 
Published: November 2024

AbstractThis study evaluated the fog‐collection efficiency of wrinkle‐based multilayer surfaces using hydrophilic and hydrophobic treatments. The wrinkle structures were fabricated by leveraging the elastic modulus and Poisson's ratio of polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) and ultraviolet (UV) resin. The optimal wrinkle periodicity for fog collection was determined by varying the spin‐coating rate of the UV resin. Chemical surface treatments were examined by applying hydrophilic (hyaluronic acid [HA]) and hydrophobic (perfluoropolyether [PFPE] and TiO₂‐PFPE) agents. Surfaces with perpendicular wrinkles treated with TiO₂‐PFPE demonstrated the highest fog‐collection efficiency due to increased surface roughness that promoted droplet nucleation and growth. These wrinkles further optimized efficiency by facilitating the rapid downward flow of water droplets through the combined effects of gravity and capillary action. The study highlights the significant impact of wrinkle structures and surface treatments on fog collection, with the TiO₂‐PFPE treatment showing particular effectiveness and potential for applications in arid regions.