bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Radiomic signature as a predictive factor for lymph node metastasis in early‐stage cervical cancer
Authors: Kan Yangyang , Dong Di , Zhang Yuchen , Jiang Wenyan , Zhao Nannan , Han Lu , Fang Mengjie , Zang Yali , Hu Chaoen , Tian Jie , Li Chunming , Luo Yahong 
Published: August 2018

BackgroundLymph node metastasis (LNM) is the principal risk factor for poor outcomes in early‐stage cervical cancer. Radiomics may offer a noninvasive way for predicting the stage of LNM.PurposeTo evaluate a radiomic signature of LN involvement based on sagittal T1 contrast‐enhanced (CE) and T2 MRI sequences.Study TypeRetrospective.PopulationIn all, 143 patients were randomly divided into two primary and validation cohorts with 100 patients in the primary cohort and 43 patients in the validation cohort.Field Strength/SequenceT1 CE and T2 MRI sequences at 3T.AssessmentThe gold standard of LN status was based on histologic results. A radiologist with 10 years of experience used the ITK‐SNAP software for 3D manual segmentation. A senior radiologist with 15 years of experience validated all segmentations. The area under the receiver operating characteristics curve (ROC AUC), classification accuracy, sensitivity, and specificity were used between LNM and non‐LNM groups.Statistical TestsA total of 970 radiomic features and seven clinical characteristics were extracted. Minimum redundancy / maximum relevance and support vector machine algorithms were applied to select features and construct a radiomic signature. The Mann–Whitney U‐test and the chi‐square test were used to test the performance of clinical characteristics and potential prognostic outcomes. The results were used to assess the quantitative discrimination performance of the SVM‐based radiomic signature.ResultsThe radiomic signatures allowed good discrimination between LNM and non‐LNM groups. The ROC AUC was 0.753 (95% confidence interval [CI], 0.656–0.850) in the primary cohort and 0.754 (95% CI, 0584–0.924) in the validation cohort.Data ConclusionsA multiple‐sequence MRI radiomic signature can be used as a noninvasive biomarker for preoperative assessment of LN status and potentially influence the therapeutic decision‐making in early‐stage cervical cancer patients.Level of Evidence: 3Technical Efficacy: Stage 2J. Magn. Reson. Imaging 2019;49:304–310.
Association between time since quitting smoking and periodontitis in former smokers in the National Health and Nutrition Examination Surveys (NHANES) 2009 to 2012
Authors: ALHarthi Shatha S.Y. , Natto Zuhair Saleh , Midle Jennifer Bassett , Gyurko Robert , O'Neill Rory , Steffensen Bjorn 
Published: August 2018

AbstractBackgroundThe aims of this study were to analyze the periodontal conditions among non‐smokers, former smokers and current smokers in the two National Health and Nutrition Examination Surveys (NHANES) acquired between 2009 to 2012 and determine the association between time since quitting smoking and periodontal status.MethodsSmoking status and periodontal examination data from NHANES 2009 to 2010 and 2011 to 2012 were analyzed. Respondents included in the analysis were aged ≥18 years, had undergone a complete NHANES Oral Health – Periodontal Exam with all measurements recorded as required for the periodontal classification algorithm, and had complete data from the NHANES Smoking – Cigarette Use questionnaire. Logistic regression was conducted with time since quitting as the exposure and presence of periodontitis as the outcome, and included adjustment for confounders.ResultsSmoking status was significantly associated with periodontal status (Chi‐square; P < 0.0001). The rate of periodontitis was highest among smokers (35%), compared with former smokers (19%) and never smokers (13%). Among former smokers, after adjusting for confounders, each additional year since quitting smoking was associated with a significant reduction in the odds ratio (OR) for periodontitis by 3.9% (OR for each year 0.961, 95% confidence interval 0.948 to 0.975).ConclusionsAmong former smokers, a longer time since quitting smoking was associated with a lower likelihood of periodontitis. Consequently, dental practitioners have a public health mandate to help their patients quit smoking. Future research should determine the best strategies for facilitating smoking cessation in dental patients.
Physicochemical Interactions of Chlorpheniramine Maleate with Sodium Deoxycholate in Aqueous Solution
Authors: Srivastava Anirudh , Qiao Weihong , Ismail Kochi 
Published: August 2018

AbstractThe present study investigated the interactions of sodium deoxycholate (SDC) and chlorpheniramine maleate (CPM) in aqueous solution to help develop alternative pharmaceutical formulations. Surface tension measurements were used to characterize mixed aggregate formation of CPM‐SDC. The mixed system showed a large turbid region between αCPM = 0.3 and 0.9. The theoretical approaches of Clint, Rubingh, and Rosen were used to determine the nature of the interactions between CPM and SDC in the bulk as well as at the interface. Negative interaction parameter (−β
m) values indicated strong attractive interactions between CPM and SDC mixed solution. The ΔG
oex values for all CPM‐SDC systems were found to be negative and energetically favorable for micellization as well as adsorption processes. The dynamic light scattering results have demonstrated the size (d
H) of CPM‐SDC aggregates in the composition from αCPM = 0.0 to 1.0. In the middle composition αCPM = 0.5, very large‐sized aggregates were formed.
Nutritional Risk Screening 2002 Cut‐Off to Identify High‐Risk Is a Good Predictor of ICU Mortality in Critically Ill Patients
Authors: Maciel Laura Rafaela Monteiro de Almeida , Franzosi Oellen Stuani , Nunes Diego Silva Leite , Loss Sérgio Henrique , dos Reis Audrey Machado , Rubin Bibiana de Almeida , Vieira Silvia Regina Rios 
Published: August 2018

ABSTRACTBackgroundThe Nutritional Risk Screening 2002 (NRS‐2002) is a widely recommended nutrition risk indicator. Two cut‐offs have been proposed for intensive care unit (ICU) patients to classify nutrition risk: ≥3–<5, at risk and ≥5, high risk. To date, no study has directly compared these cut‐offs. The aim of this study is to compare the NRS‐2002 ICU nutrition risk cut‐offs as predictors of clinical outcomes including infections, ICU and hospital mortality, length of stay (LOS), duration of mechanical ventilation (MVd), weaning failure, tracheotomy for prolonged MVd, and chronic critical illness (CCI).MethodsAdult patients were screened and stratified according to NRS‐2002 ICU criteria. Clinical, epidemiologic, and nutrition data were extracted from medical records. Statistical analysis for independent samples and Poisson regression were performed.ResultsA total of 185 patients were screened: 1 (0.54%) no risk; 96 (51.89%) at risk, and 88 (47.56%) high risk. High‐risk patients were older, had higher Simplified Acute Physiology Score 3 (62.0 ± 14.1 vs 53.0 ± 12.9, respectively; P < .001) and Sequential Organ Failure Assessment (6.9 ± 3.7 vs 5.1 ± 3.1, respectively; P < .001), and developed more infections (42 [47.8%] vs 27 [28.1%]; P = .010). No differences were found for ICU and hospital LOS, MVd days, weaning failure, tracheotomy, and CCI. ICU and hospital mortality were higher in high‐risk patients. The high‐risk cut‐off was predictor of ICU mortality (relative risk 2.10, 95% confidence interval 1.07–4.14; P = .032).ConclusionOur data suggest that the NRS‐2002 high‐risk cut‐off is associated with worse clinical outcomes and is a predictor for ICU mortality.
Nutrition and Inflammatory Biomarkers in Chronic Pancreatitis Patients
Authors: Greer Julia B. , Greer Phil , Sandhu Bimaljit S. , Alkaade Samer , Wilcox C. Mel , Anderson Michelle A. , Sherman Stuart , Gardner Timothy B. , Lewis Michele D. , Guda Nalini M. , Muniraj Thiruvengadam , Conwell Darwin , Cote Gregory A. , Forsmark Christopher E. , Banks Peter A. , Tang Gong , Stello Kim , Gelrud Andres , Brand Randall E. , Slivka Adam , Whitcomb David C. , Yadav Dhiraj 
Published: August 2018

AbstractBackgroundChronic pancreatitis (CP) patients frequently experience malabsorption and maldigestion, leading to micronutrient and macronutrient deficiencies. Comorbid diabetes and lifestyle habits, such as alcohol consumption, may impact nutrition status.MethodsWe compared micronutrient antioxidant, bone metabolism, serum protein, and inflammatory marker levels in 301 CP patients and 266 controls with no known pancreatic disease. We analyzed serum prealbumin and retinol binding protein; vitamins A, D, E, and B12; osteocalcin; tumor necrosis factor‐α; and C‐reactive protein (CRP). We also evaluated biomarkers among subsets of patients, examining factors including time since diagnosis, body mass index, alcohol as primary etiology, diabetes mellitus, vitamin supplementation, and pancreatic enzyme replacement.ResultsAfter correcting for multiple comparisons, CP patients had significantly lower levels than controls of the following: vitamin A (40.9 vs 45.4 μg/dL) and vitamin E (α‐tocopherol [8.7 vs 10.3 mg/L] and γ‐tocopherol [1.8 vs 2.2 mg/L]), as well as osteocalcin (7.9 vs 10 ng/mL) and serum prealbumin (23 vs 27 mg/dL). Both patients and controls who took vitamin supplements had higher serum levels of vitamins than those not taking supplements. Compared with controls, in controlled analyses, CP patients had significantly lower levels of vitamins A, D, and E (both α‐tocopherol and γ‐tocopherol). CP patients also had significantly lower levels of osteocalcin, serum prealbumin, and retinol binding protein, and higher CRP.ConclusionsCP patients demonstrated lower levels of selected nutrition and bone metabolism biomarkers than controls. Diabetes and alcohol did not impact biomarkers. Vitamin supplements and pancreatic enzyme replacement therapy improved nutrition biomarkers in CP patients.
Hypoxic environment protects cowpea bruchid (Callosobruchus maculatus) from electron beam irradiation damage
Authors: Wang Lei , Cheng Weining , Meng Jia , Speakmon Mickey , Qiu Jiangping , Pillai Suresh , Zhu‐Salzman Keyan 
Published: August 2018

AbstractBACKGROUNDElectron beam (eBeam) irradiation and hermetic storage are safe and effective technologies to protect stored products. Although hypoxic environment improves performance of some irradiated insects, whether hypoxia affects irradiation of storage insects and impacts pest control efficacy remains to be investigated.RESULTSUsing cowpea bruchid (Callosobruchus maculatus) larvae, we showed that, relative to eBeam irradiation under normoxia, the adult emergence rate increased substantially if they were exposed to hypoxia prior to and during eBeam treatment. Conversely, exposure to hypoxia only after eBeam irradiation did not have this protective effect. eBeam irradiation caused an increase in reactive oxygen species (ROS) in normoxic larvae but not in hypoxic larvae. The activity of citrate synthase, a pace‐making enzyme in the citric acid cycle, was suppressed under hypoxia but resumed normal function within hours of reoxygenation, suggesting that reduced mitochondrial activity, and thus less ROS production under hypoxia increased insect tolerance to irradiation. Furthermore, reoxygenation accelerated eBeam‐induced glutathione‐S‐transferase activation and potentiated eBeam‐enhanced catalase activities. Faster and stronger detoxification capacity in eBeam‐irradiated, hypoxic larvae may have protected them from oxidative damage.CONCLUSIONHypoxic environment enhanced radiotolerance of bruchid larvae, presumably due to limited ROS production and elevated antioxidant enzymatic activities after reoxygenation. © 2018 Society of Chemical Industry
Intriguing diaza effects on magnetic coupling characteristics in diaza‐benzo[k]tetraphene‐bridged nitroxide diradicals
Authors: Zhang Fengying , Luo Qi , Song Xiufang , Song Xinyu , Bu Yuxiang 
Published: August 2018

AbstractWe theoretically design four diaza‐benzo[k]tetraphene‐based diradical isomers (1, 2, 3, and 4) with two nitroxide (NO) radical groups as spin sources. The calculations at the B3LYP/6‐311++G(d,p) level suggest that the diaza doping can induce the aromaticity changes and the CC bond rearrangements and, thus, remarkably affect their magnetic coupling magnitudes and even characteristics (ferromagnetic vs. antiferromagnetic). More interestingly, different diaza‐doping positions can lead to distinctly different effects, and further dielectron‐oxidation can also noticeably change the magnetic coupling magnitudes from −919.9 cm−1 (1) to −158.3 cm−1 (1
2+) or from −105.1 cm−1 (3) to −918.9 cm−1 (3
2+) or induce the magnetic conversions from nonmagnetism (2) to antiferromagnetism (2
2+, −140.1 cm−1) or from ferromagnetism (4, 108.9 cm−1) to antiferromagnetism (4
2+, −462.5 cm−1). Good matching of two singly occupied molecular orbitals (SOMOs) of the NO groups with the highest occupied molecular orbital (HOMO) of the coupler (for 1), or with the lowest unoccupied molecular orbital (LUMO) of the coupler (for 3
2+ and 4
2+), available Kekulé structure (for 2), aromaticity variations are responsible to strong magnetic couplings. Besides, the HOMO‐LUMO energy gaps of the couplers also considerably affect the magnetic couplings. This work may open a new route for the rational design of the diaza‐benzo[k]tetraphene‐based magnetic molecular modulators or switches.
Subcutaneous Phaeohyphomycosis: A Clinical Mimic of Skin and Soft Tissue Neoplasms—A Descriptive Study from India
Authors: Jinkala Sree Rekha , Basu Debdatta , Neelaiah Siddaraju , Stephen Norton , Bheemanati Hanuman Srinivas , Singh Rakesh 
Published: August 2018

AbstractBackgroundPhaeohyphomycosis is a fungal infection caused by heterogenous group of fungi known as phaeoid or dematiaceous fungi. It manifests in four clinical forms—cutaneous, subcutaneous, systemic and cerebral phaeohyphomycosis. The subcutaneous form is the most common presentation. Clinically these subcutaneous swellings resemble benign skin and soft tissue neoplasms like lipoma, sebaceous cyst or neurofibroma. Histopathology serves as a very useful tool in diagnosing these cysts by identifying the fungal elements.MethodsA retrospective review of all cases diagnosed as phaeohyphomycosis in the department of Pathology at a tertiary care centre in South India over 9 years (January 2009–December 2017) was done. The clinical, histopathological findings of these cases were reviewed and analysed.ResultsSixty‐six cases of subcutaneous phaeohyphomycosis were reported during the 9 year period. Sixty‐two per cent of these patients were diagnosed as skin and soft tissue neoplasms. In 94% cases, the extremities were affected. Multiple cysts were seen in 11% of patients. Fine needle aspiration cytology was done in 29 cases with fungal hyphae identified in all cases on cytology.ConclusionSubcutaneous phaeohyphomycosis mimics benign skin and soft tissue neoplasms clinically. Histopathological examination along with cytology plays a major role in diagnosis of phaeohyphomycosis and thus helps in appropriate patient management.
Dark malevolent traits and everyday perceived stress
Authors: Kajonius Petri J. , Björkman Therese 
Published: August 2018

Abstract
Stress is a factor that greatly impacts our lives. Previous research has examined individual differences in relation to stress. However, research regarding malevolent personality traits in relation to how stress is perceived is limited. The purpose of the present study was to investigate relationships between dark malevolent personality traits; psychopathy (EPA), Machiavellianism (MACH-IV), vulnerable narcissism (HSNS), grandiose narcissism (NPI-13), and perceived stress (PSS-10) in a community sample (N = 346). The results showed a strong positive relationship between vulnerable narcissism and perceived stress, while grandiose narcissism and psychopathy showed a small negative relationship with perceived stress. The discussion centers on that narcissism should be treated as two separate traits, and that psychopathy and Machiavellianism overlap in relation to the experience of stress in everyday life.
The Effects of Diagenesis on the Reservoir Characters in Ridge sandstone of Jurassic Jumara dome, Kachchh, Western India
Authors: Khan Zuhi , Ahmad A. H. M. , Sachan H. K. , Quasim M. A. 
Published: August 2018

ABSTRACT
Ridge sandstone of Jurassic Jumara dome of Kachchh was studied in an attempt to quantify the effects of diagenetic process such as compaction, cementation and dissolution on reservoir properties. The average framework composition of Ridge sandstone is Q80F17L3, medium-to coarse grained and subarkose to arkose. Syndepositional silty to clayey matrix (3% average) is also observed that occurs as pore filling. The diagenetic processes include compaction, cementation and precipitation of authigenic cements, dissolution of unstable grains and grain replacement and development of secondary porosity. The major cause of intense reduction in primary porosity of Ridge sandstone is early cementation which include silica, carbonate, iron, kaolinite, illite, smectite, mixed layer illite-smectite and chlorite, which prevents mechanical compaction. The plots of COPL versus CEPL and IGV versus total cement suggest the loss of primary porosity in Ridge sandstone is due to cementation. Cements mainly iron and carbonate occurs in intergranular pores of detrital grains and destroys porosity. The clay mineral occurs as pore filling and pore lining and deteriorates the porosity and permeability of the Ridge sandstone. The reservoir quality of the studied sandstone is reduced by clay minerals (kaolinite, illite, smectite, mixed layer illite-smectite, chlorite), carbonate, iron and silica cementation but on the other hand, it is increased by alteration and dissolution of the unstable grain, in addition to partial dissolution of carbonate cements. The potential of the studied sandstone to serve as a reservoir is strongly related to sandstone diagenesis.
Soil Erosion Susceptibility Assessment of the Lower Himachal Himalayan Watershed
Authors: Singh Omvir , Singh Jagdeep 
Published: August 2018

ABSTRACT
Assessment of erosion status of a watershed is an essential prerequisite for integrated watershed management. It not only assists in chalking out suitable soil and water conservation measures to arrest erosion and conserve water but also helps in devising best management practices to enhance biomass production in watersheds. Keeping this in view, the present study has been undertaken by involving geospatial-statistical techniques to determine the critical and priority areas for soil and water conservation in Suketi watershed of the lower Himachal Himalayan region. A novel weighted sum analysis technique was used for ranking each of hydrological unit by obtaining the weightages from various morphometric parameters. This technique offers dynamic, effective and sustainable approach over traditional prioritization methods in which significance of each parameter were considered equally. Considering this approach, sub-watersheds were delineated into low, medium and high priority zones. The results illustrate that about 52 % of sub-watersheds of Suketi watershed are in moderate to high erosion and runoff susceptible zones. Therefore, these potential areas can be considered for preferential soil and water conservation planning. The results obtained from the study will be useful for various stakeholders such as agriculturists, water resource managers, conservation measures planners and decision policy makers for better management practices and decision making. The geospatial-statistical technique can be used for effective estimation of erosion status of watersheds leading to watershed prioritization for taking up soil and water conservation measures in watershed systems. Finally, this technique can be very useful in remote, rugged and inaccessible watersheds with absence of soil erosion and runoff monitoring.
Geochemistry of Paleo to Mesoproterozoic Metasedimentary Units of Chandil Formation, North Singhbhum Crustal Province: Implications for Provenance and Source Area Weathering
Authors: Singh Sahendra , Chandan Karun Kumar , Jha Vandana 
Published: August 2018

ABSTRACT
The Mesoproterozoic metasedimentary units of Chandil Formation belong to the northern part of Singhbhum crustal province, eastern India. The Formation lies north of Dalma volcano-sedimentary belt and is separated from the Meso-Neoproterozoic Chhotanagpur granite gneissic complex (CGGC) by Tamar-Porapahar shear zone (TPSZ), i.e. South Purulia shear zone, (SPSZ) at its northern boundary. The metasedimentary unit comprises of quartz-mica-sericite-schist, quartzite, amphibolites and carbonaceous phyllites, which have not been studied well, so far in terms of their geochemistry, source rock and provenance characterization. In this work, the existing gaps in all those aspects are studied to infer the provenance of these meta-sedimentary sequences. The high silica contents of the Chandil Formation (∼95% for the quartzites and ∼70% for the metapelites) and low trace element concentrations indicate silica-rich source. The REE patterns of the quartzites and the metapelites exhibit LREE enrichment and HREE depletion with moderate negative Eu-anomalies which strongly favor felsic nature of the provenance. The significant enrichment of LREE, flat HREE patterns and negative Eu-anomalies of the metapelites suggest their derivation from an old upper continental crust, which is composed of felsic components and the negative Eu-anomalies indicate intra-crustal differentiation. The higher concentrations of the HFSE i.e. Zr, Hf and Ta, within the Chandil metasediments relative to those of EPC (Early Proterozoic Continental Crust), also suggests a felsic provenance. The geochemical signatures of the Chandil metasediments indicate that the sediments were derived during a prolonged period of weathering due to the slow upliftment and unroofing of the southern evolving Singhbhum granitic complex (SGC).
DRAWING DOWN RETIREMENT SAVINGS—DO PENSIONS, TAXES AND GOVERNMENT TRANSFERS MATTER MUCH FOR OPTIMAL DECISIONS?
Authors: MacDonald Bonnie-Jeanne , Morrison Richard J. , Avery Marvin , Osberg Lars 
Published: August 2018

AbstractThis paper examines the importance of pensions (employment and social security), taxes and government transfers for alternative retirement savings drawdown strategies (DS), compared to the conventional approach in published literature of using a gross income concept obtainable from retirement savings alone. Using a lifetime utility framework, our longitudinal dynamic micro-simulation model incorporates risk aversion, stochastic markets, stochastic mortality and the interactions among sources of retirement income within the complex Canadian tax and social benefit system, enabling us to rank commonly advocated DS and to ask whether incorporating pensions, taxes and transfers alters those rankings. Our findings show the importance of treating the evaluation of alternative DS as a comprehensive and integrated problem by including all sources of income — including pensions, taxes and government transfers. Using restricted income measures can potentially lead to simplistic, and possibly misleading, conclusions.