bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Aneignung oder Entfremdung? Das Bedürfnis nach Sinn und die provozierende Frage nach einer „geglückten Psychose“
Authors: Bock Thomas 
Published: July 2018

ZusammenfassungWelche Sicht auf psychische Erkrankungen, vor allem Psychosen, hilft dem Patienten, die eigene Erfahrung (wieder) anzueignen, und anderen, keine soziale Distanz entstehen zu lassen. Kann die Psychiatrie lernen und dann auch lehren, die Besonderheiten der Menschen nicht nur pathologisch als Fremdheit und Normabweichung, sondern auch anthropologisch als zutiefst menschliche Ausprägung auf einem Kontinuum zu begreifen? Welche Bedeutung können Kategorien wie Sinn und Glück in diesem Zusammenhang haben? – Die Abhandlung versucht zu skizzieren, welche Sichtweise auf psychische Erkrankung und welche therapeutische Haltung hilfreich sind, damit sich Krankheit und Glück nicht ausschließen.
Zum Glück – eine philosophische Landkarte
Authors: Stoecker Ralf 
Published: July 2018

ZusammenfassungDie interdisziplinären Untersuchungen, die in dem Sonderheft „Zum Glück“ der Psychiatrischen Praxis versammelt sind, haben ganz unterschiedliche Zugänge zu diesem Thema gewählt. Der abschließende Beitrag zu dem Themenheft soll eine inhaltliche Orientierung aus philosophischer Sicht bieten, indem er verschiedene Themen und Probleme skizziert, auf die man bei der Beschäftigung mit dem Glück stößt. Dabei lässt er sich von 4 grundsätzlichen Fragen leiten: Was ist Glück? Wie wird man glücklich? Wie wichtig ist es, glücklich zu sein? Und was hat Glück mit Ethik zu tun?
Local structure can identify and quantify influential global spreaders in large scale social networks
Authors: Hu Yanqing , Ji Shenggong , Jin Yuliang , Feng Ling , Stanley H. Eugene , Havlin Shlomo 
Published: July 2018

Significance
Identification and quantification of influential spreaders in social networks are challenging due to the gigantic network sizes and limited availability of the entire structure. Here we show that such difficulty can be overcome by reducing the problem scale to a local one, which is essentially independent of the entire network. This is because in viral spreading the characteristic spreading size does not depend on network structure outside the local environment of the seed spreaders. Our approach may open the door to solve various big data problems such as false information surveillance and control, viral marketing, epidemic control, and network protection.
Genetic selection of athletic success in sport-hunting dogs
Authors: Kim Jaemin , Williams Falina J. , Dreger Dayna L. , Plassais Jocelyn , Davis Brian W. , Parker Heidi G. , Ostrander Elaine A. 
Published: July 2018

Significance
We found that hundreds of years of selection by humans have produced sport-hunting breeds of superior speed and athleticism through strong selection on multiple genes relating to cardiovascular, muscle, and neuronal functions. We further substantiated these findings by showing that genes under selection significantly enhanced athleticism, as measured by racing speed and obstacle course success, using standardized measures from dogs competing in national competitions. Overall these results reveal both the evolutionary processes and the genetic pathways putatively involved in athletic success.
Atmospheric sulfur isotopic anomalies recorded at Mt. Everest across the Anthropocene
Authors: Lin Mang , Kang Shichang , Shaheen Robina , Li Chaoliu , Hsu Shih-Chieh , Thiemens Mark H. 
Published: July 2018

Significance
Signatures of sulfur isotopic anomalies (a proxy used in tracking the atmospheric oxygen/sulfur cycles in the past) preserved in the Himalayas (“Asian water towers”) reveal significant changes in the regional atmospheric sulfur cycle and glacial hydrological system during the second industrial revolution. The record extends our atmospheric sulfur isotopic anomaly observation to a unique region and different time and transitional period. Distinct from most existing aerosol measurements made in the twenty-first century, the 200-y record mimics the Archean (4–2.5 billion years ago) barite record and may provide a broader view of the mechanistic origin of sulfur isotopic anomalies in the modern atmosphere and another tool to deepen insights into the Earth’s sulfur cycle during the evolution of early life.
Connection between target poisoning and current waveforms in reactive high-power impulse magnetron sputtering of chromium
Authors: Layes Vincent , Corbella Carles , Thiemann-Monjé Sascha , Schulz-von der Gathen Volker , von Keudell Achim , de los Arcos Teresa 
Published: July 2018

Abstract
Global models of high-power impulse magnetron sputtering (HiPIMS) plasmas in the literature predict a unique connection between target current waveform and oxidation state of the target (metallic versus poisoned): in the metallic mode, the current waveform reaches a plateau due to metal atom recycling, in the poisoned mode a triangular current waveform is predicted driven by plasma gas recycling. This hypothesis of such a unique connection is tested by measuring the surface chemical composition of chromium magnetron targets directly during reactive high-power impulse magnetron sputtering (r-HiPIMS) by spatially resolved x-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS). The sputtering setup was connected to the ultra-high vacuum XPS spectrometer so that the targets could be transferred between the two chambers without breaking the vacuum. The O2/Ar feed gas ratio, the input power and the pulse frequency of the HiPIMS plasmas were varied. The racetrack oxidation state was measured for different plasma parameters and correlated to the target current waveform shape. It was found that a shift of the target operation from the poisoned mode at low powers to the metallic mode at high powers when operating the discharge at 20 Hz pulse frequency occurs. The transition between these modes was directly correlated with analysis of the Cr2p core level peak on the complete target area. A unique correlation between the metallic and poisoned state of the target and the plateau and triangular current waveform was identified for very low powers and very high powers. In the intermediate power range, such a unique connection is absent. It is argued that the presence of already a small fraction of metal on the target may induce a plateau current waveform despite a significant oxidation of the target. This implies a finite contribution of metal sputtering during the pulse that dominates the recycling and leads to a plateau current waveform. Consequently, the shape of current waveforms cannot easily be connected to target poisoning, but a more detailed modeling of the recycling mechanisms is required.
Adipose-Derived Stem Cells in Aesthetic Surgery
Authors: Glass Graeme Ewan , Ferretti Patrizia 
Published: July 2018

Abstract
Adipose-derived stem cells (ADSC) have come to be viewed as a ubiquitous solution for aesthetic and reconstructive problems involving loss of tissue volume and age or radiation-induced loss of tissue pliability and vascularity. As the theoretical potential of “stem cell therapy” has captured the public imagination, so the commercial potential of novel therapies is being exploited beyond scientifically sound, hypothesis-driven paradigms and in the absence of evidence establishing clinical efficacy and safety. Moreover, with variations in methods of isolation, manipulation, and reintroduction described, it is unclear how the practitioner with an interest in ADSC can harness the clinical potential in reproducible and scientifically measurable ways. This Continuing Medical Education (CME) article presents a summary of our understanding of what ADSC are, their utility within the field of aesthetic surgery, and the current and future directions for adipose stem cell research.
Scapulothoracic and Glenohumeral Motions During Functional Reaching Tasks in Women With a History of Breast Cancer and Healthy Age-Matched Controls
Authors: Spinelli Bryan A. , Silfies Sheri , Jacobs Linda A. , Brooks Ari D. , Ebaugh Dave 
Published: July 2018

Purposes:
(1) To determine differences in scapulothoracic (ST) and glenohumeral (GH) motions between women with and without breast cancer (BrCa); and (2) to determine association between ST and GH motions and shoulder pain and disability.

Methods:
Thirty women with BrCa and 30 women without BrCa participated in this observational study. ST and GH kinematic data were collected during 5 repetitions of unilateral unweighted overhead reaching, weighted overhead reaching (0.91 kg), and simulated hair combing in a research laboratory. The involved side in women with BrCa was matched by hand dominance with the appropriate side in women without BrCa. Shoulder pain and disability were measured using the Penn Shoulder Score. Separate 1-way multivariate analysis of variance tests were conducted to determine whether differences existed. Pearson correlations were used to determine association between ST and GH motions and shoulder pain and disability. Significance levels were set at .05.

Results:
There were no significant differences in ST and GH motions between women with and without BrCa. Specific ST and GH motions were significantly correlated (r = 0.36-0.57) with shoulder pain and disability.

Conclusion:
Lack of significant differences in ST and GH motions suggests that the majority of women with BrCa in our study had sufficient motion to accomplish the functional tasks. Several ST and GH motions were weakly to moderately associated with shoulder pain and disability among women with BrCa. However, it is not clear whether these ST and GH motions are compensatory strategies or contributing factors to the development of shoulder pain and disability.
Feasibility and Functional Outcomes of Children and Adolescents Undergoing Preoperative Chemotherapy Prior to a Limb-Sparing Procedure or Amputation
Authors: Corr Angela Meyer , Liu Wei , Bishop Michael , Pappo Alberto , Srivastava Deo Kumar , Neel Michael , Rao Bhaskar , Wilson Terry , Ness Kirsten K. 
Published: July 2018

Background:
Survivors of lower extremity (LE) malignancies experience functional deficits.

Purpose:
The purpose of this prospective clinical trial was to determine feasibility and functional outcomes of adding prehabilitation during the 10- to 12-week period prior to a planned surgery to remove the tumor in children and adolescents with an LE sarcoma.

Design:
Pilot study.

Setting:
St. Jude Children's Research Hospital.

Patients:
Participants included 14 individuals between the ages of 8 and 20 years who had a diagnosis of an LE sarcoma. Participant outcomes were compared with a control group of 35 individuals treated for osteosarcoma who underwent the same functional assessments but no prehabilitation.

Intervention:
Participants in the intervention group received strengthening exercises and mobility training 3 times per week for 30 to 60 minutes for 10 to 12 weeks preoperatively.

Measurements:
Participants completed the Functional Mobility Assessment (FMA) and measures of strength and range of motion (ROM) of bilateral LEs at baseline, after 10 to 12 weeks of preoperative physical therapy (PT), and at 20 to 22 weeks.

Results:
Twelve participants completed at least 50% of their schedule prehabilitative sessions. Participants in the intervention group scored significantly better on the FMA than participants in the control group at weeks 20 to 22 (35.6 vs 25.7, P = .0267). No significant difference was found in ROM or strength.

Limitations:
Because of this study being a pilot study, the sample size was small. Therefore, we cannot infer generalizability.

Conclusions:
Findings suggest that those with a diagnosis of an LE malignancy awaiting a limb-sparing procedure or amputation participate in at least 50% of scheduled PT sessions and benefit from them.
Oncology Section EDGE Task Force on Cancer: A Systematic Review of Patient-Reported Measures for Sexual Dysfunction
Authors: Alappattu Meryl , Harrington Shana E. , Hill Alexandra , Roscow Amanda , Jeffrey Alicia 
Published: July 2018

Background:
Sexual dysfunction is an important and infrequently addressed issue in patients with cancer.

Purpose:
To identify self-report measures for assessing sexual dysfunction and to evaluate their psychometric properties and relevance to patients with cancer.

Methods:
Multiple electronic databases (CINAHL, MEDLINE, PsycINFO) were reviewed using specific search terms to locate articles that identify self-report measures assessing sexual dysfunction. From the 1118 articles reviewed, 21 measures were selected for analysis. Each measure was independently reviewed and rated by 2 reviewers using the Cancer EDGE Task Force Outcome Measure Rating Form. Any discrepancies between reviewers were discussed, and an overall recommendation for each measure was made using the 4-point Cancer EDGE Task Force Rating Scale.

Results:
On the basis of the psychometric properties and relevance to patients with cancers, we highly recommend the following 4 measures: Sexual Function–Vaginal Changes Questionnaire; International Index of Erectile Function; Erection Hardness Score; and Sexual Health Inventory for Men (aka International Index of Erectile Function–5). We recommend one measure, the Sexual Interest and Desire Inventory. We are unable to recommend 8 measures, based on limited psychometric information and/or clinical utility. Finally, we do not recommend an additional 8 measures.

Conclusions:
Five of the 21 sexual dysfunction measures demonstrated satisfactory psychometric properties and application to the cancer population and are thereby recommended for clinical use in patients with cancer.
Differential Diagnosis: Orthopedic Injury or Oncologic Process—A Case Report
Authors: Cobb Lorene , Galantino Mary Lou 
Published: July 2018

Background and Purpose:
Patients referred for orthopedic management of musculoskeletal conditions warrant careful consideration when linear progress or decline is observed.

Case Description:
A 17-year-old male high school baseball player was referred by an orthopedic surgeon with a diagnosis of right medial epicondylitis. Physical therapy history, examination, and differential diagnosis led to “red flag” identification and a referral back to the orthopedic surgeon for diagnostic imaging. After negative findings, the patient returned for continued treatment of right medial epicondylitis. Upon a second physical therapy evaluation, symptoms progressed and functional capabilities decreased. This prompted the physical therapist to refer the patient and his family for additional medical examination.

Outcomes:
Review of previous diagnostic imaging led to the diagnosis of a primary osteoblastoma, surgical intervention, and physical therapy, with a quick return to independent functioning. Within 4 months, the aggressive tumor returned, which prompted referral to an orthopedic tumor specialist, and the patient underwent a second more extensive surgery and within a year, a third, most aggressive surgical procedure. He continues to receive medical and physical therapy follow-up visits and has not returned to competitive sports.

Discussion/Conclusion:
Physical therapists consistently demonstrate the ability to be extremely competent, efficient, and cost-effective in managing neuromusculoskeletal dysfunction. It is imperative to recognize signs, symptoms, and “red flags,” which indicate pathological conditions outside the scope of physical therapy practice, and ensure prompt and appropriate referrals.
Yoga for Persons With HIV-Related Distal Sensory Polyneuropathy: A Case Series
Authors: Kietrys David M. , Galantino Mary Lou , Cohen Evan T. , Parrott J. Scott , Gould-Fogerite Susan , O'Brien Kelly K. 
Published: July 2018

Purpose:Distal sensory polyneuropathy (DSP) is the most common neurologic complication of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) disease. DSP-related symptoms have been associated with disability, reduced quality of life (QOL), and impaired function. Yoga has been shown to improve mental and physical status in people with chronic diseases. We assessed feasibility and measured the effect of a 4-week integrative yoga program in 3 persons with HIV-related DSP in the lower extremities.Case Description:Of 22 patients with DSP scheduled to attend an HIV pain clinic over 6 months, 3 enrolled in and completed the yoga program. Inclusion criteria were diagnosis of HIV disease and DSP in the feet, controlled HIV disease status, average foot pain of at least 4/10 on a numerical scale, sensory symptoms in the lower extremity, and an established regimen of pharmacologic pain management. The age range of participants was 56 to 64 years. Time since HIV disease diagnosis ranged from 15 to 30 years; time with DSP ranged from 7 to 15 years. A battery of QOL, function, disability, pain, and physical performance outcomes was measured at baseline, after the yoga intervention, and at 4-week follow-up.Outcomes:Overall attendance rate at the yoga classes was 88%. No adverse events occurred, and participants were highly satisfied with the program. Pain-related QOL and some gait parameters improved in all cases. It appeared that pain-related QOL improved without concurrent reduction in perceived pain severity or interference. Other outcomes, such a walking endurance, balance, and function, improved in some cases, but changes were inconsistent between individuals. No cases demonstrated improvement in vibration sensation or leg strength, nor reduction in self-reported disability.Conclusions:Although recruitment challenges led to concern regarding feasibility of this intervention, the program appeared to be safe and viewed favorably by the participants. There were inconsistent outcomes between individual participants; however, all experienced improved pain-related QOL and improvement in some gait characteristics. Yoga may be a viable nonpharmaceutical approach to the management of HIV-related DSP, but further research is needed to assess effectiveness, identify optimal format and dosage, and determine characteristics of potential responders.
Validation of the Lymphedema Life Impact Scale Version 2: A Condition-Specific Measurement Tool for Persons With Lymphedema
Authors: Weiss Jan , Daniel Todd 
Published: July 2018

Background:
Evidence-based practice supports the use of validated outcome measures to assess the effect of lymphedema; however, condition-specific lymphedema assessment measures are needed. The Lymphedema Life Impact Scale (LLIS) has been validated as a comprehensive lymphedema-specific instrument to assess the effects of lymphedema in any extremity.

Objectives:
This multicenter, cross-sectional study investigated the reliability and validity of a revised version of the LLIS, known as LLIS version 2.

Methods:
Qualifying patients from lymphedema clinics across the United States completed self-report outcome measures; clinicians measured limb circumference. Test-retest reliability was assessed in a subgroup of 21 participants. Internal consistency and validity were assessed in 84 participants with upper- or lower-limb lymphedema.

Results:
Intraclass correlation coefficients for test-retest reliability ranged from 0.687 to 0.895. Cronbach α coefficients for internal consistency ranged between 0.847 and 0.953. Construct validity of the LLIS was upheld with symptoms but not with edema severity. The LLIS correlated from moderately to highly with most domains of the comparator LYMQOL (Lymphedema Quality of Life scale) used in this study. Minimal clinically important difference of the LLIS was 7.27; MDC95 was 12.74.

Limitations:
Despite adequate group sizes, the vast majority of participants were white females, so generalizations to male patients or to those of different races should be done cautiously.

Conclusions:
LLIS version 2 is a valid and reliable tool for the assessment of severity of impairment among patients with lymphedema.
The Brief Rehabilitation Assessment for Survivors of Head and Neck Cancer (BRASH): Content and Discriminant Validity
Authors: Komar Alyssa , Dunphy Colleen , McEwen Sara , Rios Jorge , Polatajko Helene , Ringash Jolie 
Published: July 2018

Background:
Survivors of head and neck cancer (HNC) face challenges that may negatively impact health-related quality of life. Despite evidence suggesting that rehabilitation addresses many of their needs, survivors of HNC do not consistently receive rehabilitation services.

Purpose:
To evaluate the content and discriminant validity of the newly developed Brief Rehabilitation Assessment for Survivors of Head and Neck Cancer (BRASH), a patient-centered assessment tool.

Methods:
To assess content validity, 20 health care professionals completed the Content Validity Index (CVI). To assess discriminant validity, the BRASH goals and scores of 23 participants were compared with the items and scores of a standardized health-related quality-of-life measure. Data were analyzed using Spearman ρ correlation coefficients.

Results:
The BRASH received a CVI score of 0.81, indicating acceptable content validity. The BRASH's physical, cognitive/psychosocial, activity/role, open-ended question, and goal-setting domains received CVI scores of 0.81, 0.70, 0.84, 1.00, and 0.74, respectively, indicating acceptable content validity by domains. Regarding discriminant validity, of the 35 goals identified in the BRASH, 71% were addressed by the standardized measure. Correlations between the scores on the BRASH and the standardized measures were moderate to weak.

Limitations:
This study provides initial support for content and discriminant validity of the BRASH. Future research should examine additional aspects of validity and responsiveness.

Conclusions:
The BRASH demonstrates acceptable content validity, suggesting that it adds value to patient-centered rehabilitation consultation for survivors of HNC. In comparison with a standardized quality-of-life measure, it specifically focuses on rehabilitation needs of the individual patient.
Exploring the Effect of Exercise Physiology Intervention Among Adolescent and Young Adults Diagnosed With Cancer
Authors: Murnane Andrew , Thompson Kate , Mancuso Sam G. , Lewin Jeremy , Orme Lisa M. 
Published: July 2018

Background:
Exercise in the adult oncology setting has proven to be an effective intervention in improving patients' physical condition and mental health and reducing treatment side effects; however, its role in the adolescent and young adult (AYA) population is less well understood. This study aimed to explore the effects of an exercise physiology (EP) intervention on the functional capacity of AYA diagnosed with malignancy.

Methods:
A prospective, single-institution cohort study was conducted of all AYA patients who were referred to the EP service and participated in baseline and postintervention assessment. Patients were provided with an individualized exercise program aimed at improving functional capacity as measured by the Six-Minute Walk Test, maximum push-ups, arm curls, and Sit-to-Stand Test, and a hand-held dynamometer was used to measure limb strength.

Results:
Fifty-one patients were included in the analysis, with predominant histological subgroups being sarcoma (37%) and lymphoma (26%). Thirty-seven percent of patients completed the program while on treatment and 63% were posttreatment. For those on treatment, there were significant improvement between baseline and postintervention strength assessments in sit-to-stand, push-ups, and arm curls, with robust effect sizes (Cohen's d
R) ranging from small (d
R = −0.02, U
3 = 49%) to large (d
R = 1.05, U
3 = 85%). For posttreatment AYA, there were differences between all baseline and postintervention functional and strength assessments, with effect sizes ranging from small (d
R = 0.30, U
3 = 61.8%) to large (d
R = 1.29, U
3 = 90.1%).

Conclusion:
An individualized exercise intervention had a positive effect on AYA cancer patients' physical performance both while undergoing treatment and posttreatment. Future randomized controlled trials are required to validate these findings.