bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Development of the Dementia Assessment Sheet for Community‐based Integrated Care System 8‐items, a short version of the Dementia Assessment Sheet for Community‐based Integrated Care System 21‐items, for the assessment of cognitive and daily functions
Authors: Toyoshima Kenji , Araki Atsushi , Tamura Yoshiaki , Iritani Osamu , Ogawa Sumito , Kozaki Koichi , Ebihara Satoru , Hanyu Haruo , Arai Hiroyuki , Kuzuya Masafumi , Iijima Katsuya , Sakurai Takashi , Suzuki Takao , Toba Kenji , Arai Hidenori , Akishita Masahiro , Rakugi Hiromi , Yokote Koutaro , Ito Hideki , Awata Shuichi 
Published: September 2018

AimThe present study aimed to: (i) examine the reliability and validity of the Dementia Assessment Sheet for Community‐based Integrated Care System 21‐items for classifying patients to the appropriate categories for glycemic targets in older patients; and (ii) develop a short version of the tool and examine its reliability and validity.MethodsA total of 410 older individuals were recruited for this multicenter cross‐sectional study. We classified them into three categories used for determining the glycemic target in older patients in Japan based on cognitive functions and activities of daily living. Exploratory factor analyses were used to select the eight items of the shorter version. The reliability and validity of the assessment tools were assessed using Cronbach's alpha coefficients and receiver operating characteristic analyses, respectively.ResultsThe Dementia Assessment Sheet for Community‐based Integrated Care System 21‐items had three latent factors: cognitive function, instrumental activities of daily living and basic activities of daily living. The Dementia Assessment Sheet for Community‐based Integrated Care System 8‐items was developed based on each factor load quantity and was confirmed to have a strong correlation with the original version (r = 0.965, P < 0.001). Both tools significantly discriminated older adults belonging to category I from those belonging to category II or III, and category III from category I or II.ConclusionsBoth tools had sufficient internal consistency and validity to classify older patients into the categories for determining the glycemic target in this population based on cognitive and daily functions. Geriatr Gerontol Int 2018; 18: 1458–1462.
Combined effects of four major geriatric syndromes on adverse outcomes based on Korean National Health Insurance claims data
Authors: Kim Sunyoung , Park Jong‐heon , Won Chang Won 
Published: September 2018

AimGeriatric syndromes are common among older individuals, and can affect their health and quality of life. The present study aimed to determine if combinations of geriatric syndromes affected adverse outcomes among older Koreans.MethodsKorean national health insurance data were collected for a cohort of 5 058 720 individuals who were aged ≥65 years in 2008. The same data source was used to follow these individuals until 2015. Diagnostic codes were used to assess four major geriatric syndromes (delirium, fall‐related fractures, incontinence and pressure ulcers) and adverse outcomes (mortality and nursing home institutionalization).ResultsThe prevalence of geriatric syndromes was 0.3% for delirium, 3.49% for fall‐related fractures, 1.08% for incontinence and 0.82% for pressure ulcers. All four geriatric syndromes were associated with increased risks of institutionalization (adjusted hazard ratio [aHR] 2.18, 95% CI 2.08–2.17 for delirium; aHR 1.59, 95% CI 1.58–1.60 for fall‐related fractures; aHR 1.43, 95% CI 1.41–1.44 for incontinence; and aHR 2.51, 95% CI 2.47–2.55 for pressure ulcers) and increased risks of mortality (aHR 2.13, 95% CI 2.08–2.17 for delirium; aHR 1.41, 95% CI 1.40–1.42 for fall‐related fractures; aHR 1.09, 95% CI 1.07–1.10 for incontinence; and aHR 3.23, 95% CI 3.20–3.27 for pressure ulcers). The aHR for institutionalization were 1.64 (95% CI 1.63–1.65) for one geriatric syndrome, 2.40 (95% CI 2.35–2.44) for two coexisting geriatric syndromes and 2.56 (95% CI 2.35–2.74) for three coexisting geriatric syndromes. The aHR for mortality were 1.52 (95% CI 1.51–1.53) for one geriatric syndrome, 2.36 (95% CI 2.32–2.40) for two coexisting geriatric syndromes and 2.90 (95% CI 2.72–3.09) for three coexisting geriatric syndromes.ConclusionsDelirium, fall‐related fractures, incontinence and pressure ulcers were associated with increased risks of institutionalization and mortality. The magnitude of these risks increased with increasing numbers of coexisting geriatric syndromes. Geriatr Gerontol Int 2018; 18: 1463–1468.
Thirty‐day hospital readmission rate amongst older adults correlates with an increased number of medications, but not with Beers medications
Authors: Basnet Suresh , Zhang Meng , Lesser Martin , Wolf‐Klein Gisele , Qiu Guang , Williams Myia , Pekmezaris Renee , DiMarzio Paola 
Published: September 2018

AimWe sought to explore the relationship between the number of medications at hospital discharge and 30‐day rehospitalization in older adults aged >65 years.MethodsThis was a multicenter cohort study to determine whether an increased number of medications was associated with 30‐day rehospitalization in patients aged >65 years. We explored the relationship between rehospitalization and other risk factors. Data were collected from a large health system in the New York metropolitan area from September 2011 to January 2013. The primary outcome was 30‐day hospital readmission from the index hospitalization.ResultsPatients had a mean ± SD age of 78 ± 9 years; 55% were women. The average length of stay after discharge from the hospital was 6 days. An increased number of medications was significantly associated with unplanned 30‐day hospital readmission (P < 0.05). For each medication, the risk of rehospitalization increased by 4% (OR 1.04, 95% CI 1.03, 1.05). Patients discharged to rehabilitation centers were 32% more likely to be readmitted than patients discharged home (OR 1.39, 95% CI 1.27–1.51). Other risk factors significantly associated with 30‐day rehospitalization were: cancer, intensive care unit, chronic heart failure, renal diseases and peripheral vascular diseases. Hypertension was negatively associated with 30‐day unplanned rehospitalization (OR 0.88, 95% CI 0.82–0.95). No significant association between the number of Beers medications and 30‐day rehospitalization was observed, after controlling for the number of medications and other covariates.ConclusionsThe number of discharge medications was significantly associated with 30‐day hospital readmission among older adult patients. Important risk factors for 30‐day rehospitalization were discharge location, cancer, intensive care unit, chronic heart failure, renal diseases and peripheral vascular diseases. Geriatr Gerontol Int 2018; 18: 1513–1518.
Evaluation of durability and cleanability performances of protective treatments for lapped ceramic tiles ‐ Part 2
Authors: Rambaldi Elisa , Lucchese Beatrice , Engels Marcel , Bignozzi Maria Chiara 
Published: September 2018

AbstractThe aim of this work is to evaluate the cleanability performances of lapped porcelain stoneware surfaces with and without protective treatments. The knowledge of the material cleanability is an important selection parameter in buying tiles. However, an objective basis for testing and assessing this property still is lacking. In this study, standardized and laboratory tests to evaluate the cleanability performance of lapped porcelain stoneware products have been carried out and compared. Cleanability tests were performed by applying two different soiling suspensions, optimized for tile surfaces and reproducing chemical and mechanical actions simulating the working conditions and traditional cleaning operations. Surface characteristics (microstructure, topography, roughness) were analyzed before and after cleanability tests. The results showed a good correlation between different behavior in terms of cleanability and the microscopic and topographic characteristics of lapped tile. Respect to international standardized tests specific for ceramic tiles, such as stains resistance test, the laboratory procedures to evaluate the surface cleanability are able to better show cleanability improvements of lapped tiles with protective treatments.
The effect of netbook ownership on children's academic achievement in mathematics, reading, and writing
Authors: Starkey Louise , Zhong Jingyi 
Published: September 2018

AbstractHow computers in schools impact on children's learning has been studied through research that explores student achievement at one point in time or by comparing different classroom contexts with differing results. The introduction of an optional netbook purchasing scheme for children in a low socio‐economic community provided an opportunity to compare the academic improvement for those who joined the scheme with those who did not with both groups learning within the same context with the same teachers. Using nationally calibrated assessment tools that test reading, writing, and mathematical skill progression, the student achievement data from six schools across a 2‐year period were analysed using chi‐square testing, regression analysis, propensity score matching, and cumulative logit modelling. The results identified few significant differences between the students in most aspects of achievement and no significant difference in academic improvement between the two groups.
An investigation of the validity of course‐based online assessment methods: The role of computer‐related attitudes and assessment mode preferences
Authors: Hewson Claire , Charlton John P. 
Published: September 2018

AbstractThe use of e‐assessment methods raises important concerns regarding the reliability and validity of these methods. Potential threats to validity include mode effects and the possible influence of computer‐related attitudes. Although numerous studies have now investigated the validity of online assessments in noncourse‐based contexts, few studies have addressed this issue in an educational context. The present study helps fill this research gap by investigating whether university students' computer‐related attitudes and assessment mode preferences were related to performance on a course‐based online assessment task. Overall, students' attitudes and preferences bore no greater relationships to performance on the online than offline module assessment tasks. This provides support for the validity of course‐based online assessment methods and should help alleviate educators' concerns and encourage more widespread adoption of these methods, helping address the issue of their slow uptake to date. Suggestions for follow‐up studies to corroborate and extend the current findings are offered.
Prospective cohort trial to confirm the efficacy of no‐touch radio frequency ablation
Authors: Hirooka Masashi , Hiraoka Atsushi , Ochi Hironori , Koizumi Yohei , Michitaka Kojiro , Joko Kouji , Abe Masanori , Hiasa Yoichi 
Published: September 2018

AbstractBackground and AimThe aim of the present prospective study was to evaluate tumor recurrence (intrasubsegmental recurrence‐free survival and local tumor recurrence‐free survival) and hepatic functional reserve following no‐touch ablation.MethodsThe prospective cohort study protocols were approved by the institutional ethics committee. All patients provided written, informed consent. Between January 2014 and September 2016, 231 patients with 277 hepatocellular carcinoma nodules were prospectively enrolled. An internally cooled bipolar electrode was used for no‐touch ablation, while a monopolar electrode was used for direct puncture ablation. The intrasubsegmental recurrence‐free survival rate was the primary end‐point. The secondary outcomes were the local recurrence‐free survival rate, the disease‐free survival rate, and the changes in the Child–Pugh score.ResultsNo‐touch ablation resulted in significantly higher cumulative intrasubsegmental tumor recurrence‐free survival rates than direct puncture ablation (98.0% vs 87.1% at 1 year, 96.9% vs 76.8% at 2 years, and 91.0% vs 68.3% at 3 years, P < 0.001). The no‐touch group also showed significantly better local recurrence‐free survival and disease‐free survival. Even when only primary cases were analyzed, the same results were obtained. To adjust for differences in the background characteristics, inverse probability of treatment weighting adjustment was performed. Only intrasubsegmental tumor recurrence‐free survival was significantly better in the no‐touch group (hazard ratio [HR], 0.08; 95% confidence interval [CI], 0.02–0.20, P < 0.001); there was no difference in local tumor recurrence‐free survival (HR, 0.36; 95% CI, 0.10–1.02, P = 0.071).ConclusionsNo‐touch ablation appears to be an ideal method for the prevention of intrahepatic dissemination.
Towards a better recording of microtubule cytoskeletal spatial organization and dynamics in plant cells
Authors: Liu Weiwei , Wang Chaofeng , Wang Guangda , Ma Yinping , Tian Juan , Yu Yanjun , Dong Li , Kong Zhaosheng 
Published: September 2018

SummaryNumerous fluorescent marker lines are currently available to visualize microtubule (MT) architecture and dynamics in living plant cells, such as markers expressing p35S::GFP‐MBD or p35S::GFP‐TUB6. However, these MT marker lines display obvious defects that affect plant growth or produce unstable fluorescent signals. Here, a series of new marker lines were developed, including the pTUB6::VisGreen‐TUB6‐expressing line in which TUB6 is under the control of its endogenous regulatory elements and eGFP is replaced with VisGreen, a brighter fluorescent protein. Moreover, two different markers were combined into one expression vector and developed two dual‐marker lines. These marker lines produce bright, stable fluorescent signals in various tissues, and greatly shorten the screening process for generating dual‐marker lines. These new marker lines provide a novel resource for MT research.
Histological findings correlated with clinical outcomes in telangiectasia treated with ohmic thermolysis and 940 nm laser
Authors: Bush Ronald , Bush Peggy 
Published: September 2018

SummaryBackgroundHeat modalities are commonly used as either primary or adjunctive treatment for telangiectasia. Minimal information is available as to the nature of injury to the vessel and surrounding tissue.MethodA total of 135 patients were treated over a 2‐year period using ohmic thermolysis (45), 940 nm laser (50), and 940 nm laser with sclerotherapy (40). After treatment, 1 mm biopsies were done in selected patients in each group. Clinical correlation was studied in each group by observing vessel response at 4‐6 weeks postprocedure.ResultsOhmic thermolysis produces electrodessication of the squamous epithelium, reticular dermis, and fusion of the target vessel. 940 nm laser results include squamous epithelial damage, subcutaneous water blister, collagen denaturation, and vessel endothelial cell loss with thrombus at point of maximal impact. The addition of sclerotherapy at time of laser potentiates vessel damage. There was no long‐term skin sequelae after treatment when each device is used at recommended settings and on appropriate vessel size.ConclusionEach device causes damage to the squamous epithelium and papillary reticular dermis that is transient. Ohmic thermolysis provides vessel clearance of >90% in telangiectasias <0.5 mm. 940 nm laser effectiveness is <70% for vessel clearance, but improves to >90% when sclerotherapy is performed at time of treatment.
Safety and efficacy of a novel high‐intensity focused electromagnetic technology device for noninvasive abdominal body shaping
Authors: Jacob Carolyn I. , Paskova Katya 
Published: September 2018

AbstractBackgroundThermal fat reduction technologies are leading the market for nonsurgical abdominal contouring. However, they are ideal principally for patients with fat bulges.ObjectivesOur study investigates the effects of a novel nonthermal technology affecting the abdominal musculature and subcutaneous adipose tissue.Materials and MethodsA total of 22 patients (avg. BMI 23.8 kg m−2) underwent 4 treatments on abdomen with high‐intensity focused electromagnetic (HIFEM) field device. Treatments took 30 minutes and were spaced apart by 2‐3 days. Photographs, weight, and waist measurements were taken at the baseline, after the last treatment, and at month 3 follow‐up. Patient satisfaction was noted. Photographs were evaluated by blinded evaluators.ResultsThe study protocol was completed by 19 patients. At month 3, the average waist size reduction was 4.37 ± 2.63 cm (P < 0.01). The evaluators identified the before image from the 3‐month image 89.47% of the time. About 91% of patients reported their abdominal appearance improved, and 92% stated they are satisfied with treatment results at month 3. No adverse events occurred.ConclusionObserved waist size reduction and aesthetic improvement appear to be a combination of fat reduction and increased muscle definition of abdominal wall. In lower BMI patients, the increased abdominal muscle definition was largely responsible for the improvement. This novel energy device provides an additional tool for body contouring with primary application for lower and medium BMI patients.
Sensation Seeking and Hedge Funds
Authors: BROWN STEPHEN , LU YAN , RAY SUGATA , TEO MELVYN 
Published: September 2018

ABSTRACTWe show that, motivated by sensation seeking, hedge fund managers who own powerful sports cars take on more investment risk but do not deliver higher returns, resulting in lower Sharpe ratios, information ratios, and alphas. Moreover, sensation‐seeking managers trade more frequently, actively, and unconventionally, and prefer lottery‐like stocks. We show further that some investors are themselves susceptible to sensation seeking and that sensation‐seeking investors fuel the demand for sensation‐seeking managers. While investors perceive sensation seekers to be less competent, they do not fully appreciate the superior investment skills of sensation‐avoiding fund managers.
First Language Attrition as a Function of Age at Onset of Bilingualism: First Language Attainment of Turkish–English Bilinguals in the United Kingdom
Authors: Karayayla Tuğba , Schmid Monika S. 
Published: September 2018

This investigation aimed to provide insights into the controversial debate on the role that age at onset of bilingualism plays in human language capacity with a focus on what it entails for first language (L1) attrition. L1 performance of Turkish immigrants (n = 57) in the United Kingdom with age at onset ranging between 7 and 34 years was compared to that of Turkish monolingual controls (n = 29) across two linguistic properties: structural complexity and accent. Findings generally showed that although the immigrants achieved nativelike proficiency with respect to the overall structural complexity of their L1, this was not the case for accent as those with an earlier age of onset were less likely to sound like native Turkish speakers. We discuss these findings in relation to two competing theoretical models of age effects and suggest that attrition data need to be better accommodated within these models.Open PracticesThis article has been awarded an Open Materials badge. All materials are publicly accessible via the IRIS Repository at https://www.iris-database.org. Learn more about the Open Practices badges from the Center for Open Science: https://osf.io/tvyxz/wiki.
More Is More in Language Learning: Reconsidering the Less‐Is‐More Hypothesis
Authors: Brooks Patricia J. , Kempe Vera 
Published: September 2018

AbstractThe Less‐Is‐More hypothesis was proposed to explain age‐of‐acquisition effects in first language (L1) and second language (L2) learning. We scrutinize different renditions of the hypothesis by examining how learning outcomes are affected by (a) limited cognitive capacity, (b) reduced interference resulting from less prior knowledge, and (c) simplified language input. While there is little to no evidence of benefits of limited cognitive capacity, there is ample support for a More‐Is‐More account linking enhanced capacity with better L1 and L2 learning outcomes and reduced capacity with childhood language disorders. Instead, reduced prior knowledge (relative to adults) may afford children greater flexibility in inductive inference; this contradicts the idea that children benefit from a more constrained hypothesis space. Finally, studies of child‐directed speech confirm benefits from less complex input at early stages but also emphasize how greater lexical and syntactic complexity of the input confers benefits in L1 attainment.
Severity in polycystic liver disease is associated with aetiology and female gender: Results of the International PLD Registry
Authors: van Aerts René M. M. , Kievit Wietske , de Jong Michiel E. , Ahn Curie , Bañales Jesús M. , Reiterová Jana , Nevens Frederik , Drenth Joost P. H. 
Published: September 2018

AbstractBackground & AimsPolycystic liver disease (PLD) occurs in two genetic disorders, autosomal‐dominant polycystic kidney disease (ADPKD) and autosomal‐dominant polycystic liver disease (ADPLD). The aim of this study is to compare disease severity between ADPKD and ADPLD by determining the association between diagnosis and height‐adjusted total liver volume (hTLV).MethodsWe performed a cross‐sectional analysis with hTLV as endpoint. Patients were identified from the International PLD Registry (>10 liver cysts) and included in our analysis when PLD diagnosis was made prior to September 2017, hTLV was available before volume‐reducing therapy (measured on computed tomography or magnetic resonance imaging) and when patients were tertiary referred. Data from the registry were retrieved for age, diagnosis (ADPKD or ADPLD), gender, height and hTLV.ResultsA total of 360 patients (ADPKD n = 241; ADPLD n = 119) met our inclusion criteria. Female ADPKD patients had larger hTLV compared with ADPLD (P = 0.008). In a multivariate regression analysis, ADPKD and lower age at index CT were independently associated with larger hTLV in females, whereas in males a higher age was associated with larger hTLV. Young females (≤51 years) had larger liver volumes compared with older females (>51 years) in ADPKD.ConclusionAetiology is presented as a new risk factor associated with PLD severity. Young females with ADPKD represent a subgroup of PLD patients with the most severe phenotype expressed in hTLV.