bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Full thermomechanical coupling in modelling of micropolar thermoelasticity
Authors: Murashkin E V , Radayev Y N 
Published: April 2018

Abstract
The present paper is devoted to plane harmonic waves of displacements and microrotations propagating in fully coupled thermoelastic continua. The analysis is carried out in the framework of linear conventional thermoelastic micropolar continuum model. The reduced energy balance equation and the special form of the Helmholtz free energy are discussed. The constitutive constants providing fully coupling of equations of motion and heat conduction are considered. The dispersion equation is derived and analysed in the form bi-cubic and bi-quadratic polynoms product. The equation are analyzed by the computer algebra system Mathematica. Algebraic forms expressed by complex multivalued square and cubic radicals are obtained for wavenumbers of transverse and longitudinal waves. The exact forms of wavenumbers of a plane harmonic coupled thermoelastic waves are computed.
Using standard microbiome reference groups to simplify beta-diversity analyses and facilitate independent validation
Authors: Maziarz Marlena , Pfeiffer Ruth M , Wan Yunhu , Gail Mitchell H 
Published: April 2018

Abstract

Motivation
Comparisons of microbiome communities across populations are often based on pairwise distance measures (beta-diversity). Standard analyses (principal coordinate plots, permutation tests, kernel methods) require access to primary data if another investigator wants to add or compare independent data. We propose using standard reference measurements to simplify microbiome beta-diversity analyses, to make them more transparent, and to facilitate independent validation and comparisons across studies.

Results
Using stool and nasal reference sets from the Human Microbiome Project (HMP), we computed mean distances (actually Bray-Curtis or Pearson correlation dissimilarities) to each reference set for each new sample. Thus, each new sample has two mean distances that can be plotted and analyzed with classical statistical methods. To test the approach, we studied independent (not reference) HMP subjects. Simple Hotelling tests demonstrated statistically significant differences in mean distances to reference sets between all pairs of body sites (stool, skin, nasal, saliva and vagina) at the phylum, class, order, family and genus levels. Using the distance to a single reference set was usually sufficient, but using both reference sets always worked well. The use of reference sets simplifies standard analyses of beta-diversity and facilitates the independent validation and combining of such data because others can compute distances to the same reference sets. Moreover, standard statistical methods for survival analysis, logistic regression and other procedures can be applied to vectors of mean distances to reference sets, thereby greatly expanding the potential uses of beta-diversity information. More work is needed to identify the best reference sets for particular applications.

Availability and implementation
https://github.com/NCI-biostats/microbiome-fixed-reference

Supplementary information
Supplementary data are available at Bioinformatics online.
The Effect of Concept Maps on Undergraduate Nursing Students’ Critical Thinking
Authors: Garwood Janet K. , Ahmed Azza H. , McComb Sara A. 
Published: April 2018

Abstract

AIM
The aim of the study was to evaluate the effect of using concept maps as a teaching and learning strategy on students' critical thinking abilities and examine students' perceptions toward concept maps utilizing the PRISMA (Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses) guidelines.

BACKGROUND
Researchers have found that almost two thirds of nurse graduates do not have adequate critical thinking skills for a beginner nurse. Critical thinking skills are required for safe practice and mandated by accrediting organizations. Nursing educators should consider teaching and learning strategies that promote the development of critical thinking skills.

METHOD
A literature review was conducted using “concept maps, nursing education, and critical thinking” as the combined search terms. Inclusion criteria were studies that measured the effects of concept mapping on critical thinking in nursing students.

RESULTS
Seventeen articles were identified.

CONCLUSION
Concept maps may be useful tools to promote critical thinking in nursing education and for applying theory to practice.
Using Tabletop Exercises as an Innovative and Practical Teaching Strategy in Response to External Disaster Scenarios
Authors: Evans Cathleen A. , Schwartz Rose 
Published: April 2018

Abstract
Transferring previous learning to novel and unfamiliar health care situations is a challenge that nurses face daily. As a nursing classroom experience, tabletop exercises provide nursing students with open-ended decision-making opportunities to manage realistic practice problems. This article describes an innovative tabletop exercise with a disaster healthcare context and patient scenarios that senior nursing students used to demonstrate foundational nursing education knowledge, skills, and abilities. Students demonstrated a transfer of knowledge from early medical-surgical coursework to a complex, novel situation using the nursing process and evidence-based clinical judgment.
Faculty Mentorship
Authors: Martin Jennifer B. , Douglas Dianna H. 
Published: April 2018

Abstract
Mentoring is a way to foster personal and professional career development within professional disciplines such as nursing. The National League for Nursing has described the nurse faculty role as multidimensional and difficult to balance. A school of nursing implemented a faculty mentorship program focused on the school’s core values: caring, professionalism, respect, integrity, diversity, and excellence (CPRIDE). This program combines traditional and nontraditional mentoring models to create an environment in which junior faculty form relationships with senior faculty who possess expertise in a particular field.
What you should not miss from the systematic reviews and meta-analyses on allergen-specific immunotherapy in 2017
Authors: Larenas-Linnemann Désirée , Luna-Pech Jorge A. 
Published: April 2018

Purpose of review
Allergen immunotherapy (AIT) is a well recognized and extensively studied therapeutic intervention for some allergic diseases. Every year new systematic reviews and meta-analysis provide the most powerful source of evidence to orient decision making on prevention or efficacy of AIT. We here discuss systematic reviews and meta-analyses on AIT (published January 2017 to February 2018).

Recent findings
We identified 4 systematic reviews and 10 meta-analyses. Subcutaneous and sublingual AIT (SCIT/SLIT) significantly reduced the development of asthma in children–adolescents with moderate/severe allergic rhinitis, but evidence for a short-term, preventive effect for new allergic sensitizations was nonconclusive. SCIT/SLIT proved to significantly improve symptom and medication scores versus placebo or active comparators in respiratory allergy, with various effect sizes. Oral immunotherapy for IgE-mediated food allergy resulted in substantial benefit in desensitization rates. Data on venom AIT and latex AIT, although limited in quantity and quality, respectively, suggest a large and discrete beneficial effect.

Summary
Although current evidence extracted from meta-analyses and systematic reviews support AIT as an effective, relatively safe, and well tolerated alternative for some allergic diseases, heterogeneity and some methodological inconsistencies represent matters of concern as they may affect the validity and applicability of their results, especially in the context of individual, real-life settings.
How to manage food dependent exercise induced anaphylaxis (FDEIA)
Authors: Asaumi Tomoyuki , Ebisawa Motohiro 
Published: April 2018

Purpose of review
In recent years, the number of reports on food-dependent exercise-induced anaphylaxis (FDEIA) has been increasing. This review aims to describe the standard management of FDEIA including provocation tests and identify the issues that remain unclear.

Recent findings
Provocation tests with aspirin for FDEIA enable us to confirm the definitive diagnosis and to make differential diagnosis. In some cases, FDEIA symptoms can be induced by aspirin and the causative food without exercise. Exercise may only be an augmenting factor of FDEIA, similar to aspirin or alcohol.

Summary
The mechanisms of FDEIA development remain unclear. It has been suggested that in FDEIA, exercise lowers the threshold of a food allergy. Further research is needed to elucidate the mechanism of FDEIA and to establish strategies for effective disease management.
How to actively treat food allergy
Authors: Pecora Valentina , Mennini Maurizio , Calandrelli Veronica , Patriarca Giampiero , Valluzzi Rocco , Fierro Vincenzo 
Published: April 2018

Purpose of review
In the last years, food allergy treatment is moving away from food avoidance to interventional treatments. We review here the recent developments on immunotherapy with food allergens.

Recent findings
Oral immunotherapy remains the best studied form of food immunotherapy. In 2017, further evidence has been added to its efficacy. Its mechanisms of action are under scrutiny. To reduce its side effects, studies have been dedicated to the simultaneous use of biologics, in particular omalizumab. Among the other forms of food immunotherapy that are being developed, the epicutaneous application of food allergens is promising.

Summary
The immunologic trajectories of the development of food tolerance may be intercepted by different forms of food immunotherapy. Research efforts aim to make these therapies feasible at the clinical level.
Guanylyl Cyclase A in Both Renal Proximal Tubular and Vascular Endothelial Cells Protects the Kidney against Acute Injury in Rodent Experimental Endotoxemia Models
Authors: Kitamura Hiroaki , Nakano Daisuke , Sawanobori Yoshiharu , Asaga Takehiko , Yokoi Hideki , Yanagita Motoko , Mukoyama Masashi , Tokudome Takeshi , Kangawa Kenji , Shirakami Gotaro , Nishiyama Akira 
Published: April 2018

Abstract

What We Already Know about This Topic

What This Article Tells Us That Is New

Background
Natriuretic peptides are used, based on empirical observations, in intensive care units as antioliguric treatments. We hypothesized that natriuretic peptides prevent lipopolysaccharide-induced oliguria by activating guanylyl cyclase A, a receptor for natriuretic peptides, in proximal tubules and endothelial cells.

Methods
Normal Sprague-Dawley rats and mice lacking guanylyl cyclase A in either endothelial cells or proximal tubular cells were challenged with lipopolysaccharide and assessed for oliguria and intratubular flow rate by intravital imaging with multiphoton microscopy.

Results
Recombinant atrial natriuretic peptide efficiently improved urine volume without changing blood pressure after lipopolysaccharide challenge in rats (urine volume at 4 h, lipopolysaccharide: 0.6 ± 0.3 ml · kg−1 · h−1; lipopolysaccharide + fluid resuscitation: 4.6 ± 2.0 ml · kg−1 · h−1; lipopolysaccharide + fluid resuscitation + atrial natriuretic peptide: 9.0 ± 4.8 ml · kg−1 · h−1; mean ± SD; n = 5 per group). Lipopolysaccharide decreased glomerular filtration rate and slowed intraproximal tubular flow rate, as measured by in vivo imaging. Fluid resuscitation restored glomerular filtration rate but not tubular flow rate. Adding atrial natriuretic peptide to fluid resuscitation improved both glomerular filtration rate and tubular flow rate. Mice lacking guanylyl cyclase A in either proximal tubules or endothelium demonstrated less improvement of tubular flow rate when treated with atrial natriuretic peptide, compared with control mice. Deletion of endothelial, but not proximal tubular, guanylyl cyclase A augmented the reduction of glomerular filtration rate by lipopolysaccharide.

Conclusions
Both endogenous and exogenous natriuretic peptides prevent lipopolysaccharide-induced oliguria by activating guanylyl cyclase A in proximal tubules and endothelial cells.
Baseline Cerebral Metabolic Rate Is a Critical Determinant of the Cerebral Vasodilating Potency of Volatile Anesthetic Agents
Authors: Drummond John C. 
Published: April 2018

Abstract
A Comparison of the Direct Cerebral Vasodilating Potencies of Halothane and Isoflurane in the New Zealand White Rabbit. By Drummond JC, Todd MM, Scheller MS, and Shapiro HM. Anesthesiology 1986; 65:462–7. Reprinted with permission.
Halothane is commonly viewed as a more potent cerebral vasodilator than isoflurane. It was speculated that the lesser vasodilation caused by isoflurane might be the result of the greater reduction in cerebral metabolic rate (CMR) that it causes, and that the relative vasodilating potencies of halothane and isoflurane would be similar if the two agents were administered in a situation that precluded volatile-agent–induced depression of CMR. To test this hypothesis, cerebral blood flow (CBF) and the cerebral metabolic rate for oxygen (CMRO2) were measured in two groups of rabbits before and after the administration of 0.75 MAC halothane or isoflurane. One group received a background anesthetic of morphine and N2O, which resulted in an initial CMRO2 of 3.21 ± 0.17 (SEM) ml · 100 g–1 · min–1; second group received a background anesthetic of high-dose pentobarbital, which resulted in an initial CMRO2 of 1.76 ± 0.16 ml · 100 g–1 · min–1. In rabbits receiving a background of morphine sulfate/N2O, halothane resulted in a significantly greater CBF (65 ± 10 ml · 100 g–1 · min–1) than did isoflurane (40 ± 5 ml · 100 g–1 · min–1). Both agents caused a reduction in CMRO2, but CMRO2 was significantly less during isoflurane administration. By contrast, with a background of pentobarbital anesthesia, CBF increased by significant and similar amounts with both halothane and isoflurane. With halothane, CBF increased from 22 ± 2 ml · 100 g–1 · min–1 in the control stage to 39 ± 3, and with isoflurane from 24 ± to 38 ± 2 ml · 100 g–1 · min–1. CMRO2 was not depressed further by either halothane or isoflurane. These results suggest that the relative effects of halothane and isoflurane on CBF are dependent on the CMR present prior to their administration. When the preexistent CMR is not markedly depressed, isoflurane decreases CMR and causes less cerebral vasodilation than does halothane. When initial CMR is depressed, halothane and isoflurane have similar vasodilating potencies.
Optimizing Blood Transfusion Practices Through Bundled Intervention Implementation in Patients With Gynecologic Cancer Undergoing Laparotomy
Authors: Wallace Sumer K. , Halverson Jessica W. , Jankowski Christopher J. , DeJong Stephanie R. , Weaver Amy L. , Weinhold Megan R. , Borah Bijan J. , Moriarty James P. , Cliby William A. , Kor Daryl J. , Higgins Andrew A. , Otto Hilary A. , Dowdy Sean C. , Bakkum-Gamez Jamie N. 
Published: April 2018

OBJECTIVE:
To examine blood transfusion practices and develop a standardized bundle of interventions to address the high rate of perioperative red blood cell transfusion among patients with ovarian and endometrial cancer.

METHODS:
This was a retrospective cohort study. Our primary aim was to determine whether an implemented bundled intervention was associated with a reduction in perioperative red blood cell transfusions among cases of laparotomy for cancer. Secondary aims included comparing perioperative demographic, surgical, complication, and cost data. Interventions included blood transfusion practice standardization using American Society of Anesthesiologists guidelines, an intraoperative hemostasis checklist, standardized intraoperative fluid status communication, and evidence-based use of tranexamic acid. Prospective data from women undergoing laparotomy for ovarian or endometrial cancer from September 28, 2015, to May 31, 2016, defined the study cohort and were compared with historical controls (September 1, 2014, to September 25, 2015). Outcomes were compared in the full unadjusted cohorts and in propensity-matched cohorts.

RESULTS:
In the intervention and historical cohorts, respectively, 89 and 184 women underwent laparotomy for ovarian cancer (n=74 and 152) or advanced endometrial cancer (n=15 and 32). Tranexamic acid was administered in 54 (60.7%) patients. The perioperative transfusion rate was lower for the intervention group compared with historical controls (18.0% [16/89] vs 41.3% [76/184], P<.001), a 56.4% reduction. This improvement in the intervention group remained significant after propensity matching (16.2% [13/80] vs 36.2% [29/80], P=.004). The hospital readmission rate was also lower for the intervention group compared with historical controls (1.1% [1/89] vs 12.5% [23/184], P=.002); however, this improvement did not attain statistical significance after propensity matching (1.2% [1/80] vs 7.5% [6/80], P=.12). Cost analysis demonstrated that this intervention was cost-neutral during index hospitalization plus 30-day follow-up.

CONCLUSION:
Application of a standardized bundle of evidence-based interventions was associated with reduced blood use in our gynecologic oncology practice.
Opioid Detoxification During Pregnancy
Authors: Terplan Mishka , Laird Hollis J. , Hand Dennis J. , Wright Tricia E. , Premkumar Ashish , Martin Caitlin E. , Meyer Marjorie C. , Jones Hendrée E. , Krans Elizabeth E. 
Published: April 2018

OBJECTIVE:
To systematically review maternal and neonatal outcomes associated with opioid detoxification during pregnancy.

DATA SOURCES:
PubMed, PsycINFO, EMBASE, Cochrane, and ClinicalTrials.gov databases were searched from January 1, 1966, to September 1, 2016.

METHODS OF STUDY SELECTION:
English-language studies that reported outcomes associated with opioid detoxification among pregnant women with opioid use disorder were included. Nonoriginal research articles (case reports, editorials, reviews) and studies that failed to report outcomes for detoxification participants were excluded. Bias was assessed using the Cochrane Collaboration's tool for assessing risk of bias and quality was assessed using the U.S. Preventive Service Task Force Quality of Evidence scale.

TABULATION, INTEGRATION, AND RESULTS:
Of 1,315 unique abstracts identified, 15 met criteria for inclusion and included 1,997 participants, of whom 1,126 underwent detoxification. Study quality ranged from fair to poor as a result of the lack of a randomized control or comparison arm and high risk of bias across all studies. Only nine studies had a comparison arm. Detoxification completion (9–100%) and illicit drug relapse (0–100%) rates varied widely across studies depending on whether data from participants who did not complete detoxification or who were lost to follow-up were included in analyses. The reported rate of fetal loss was similar among women who did (14 [1.2%]) and did not undergo detoxification (17 [2.0%]).

CONCLUSIONS:
Evidence does not support detoxification as a recommended treatment intervention as a result of low detoxification completion rates, high rates of relapse, and limited data regarding the effect of detoxification on maternal and neonatal outcomes beyond delivery.
A Comparison of Methods for the Diagnosis of Fetal Growth Restriction Between the Royal College of Obstetricians and Gynaecologists and the American College of Obstetricians and Gynecologists
Authors: Blue Nathan R. , Beddow Meghan E. , Savabi Mariam , Katukuri Vivek R. , Mozurkewich Ellen L. , Chao Conrad R. 
Published: April 2018

OBJECTIVE:
The Royal College of Obstetricians and Gynaecologists (RCOG) defines fetal growth restriction as ultrasound-estimated fetal weight less than the 10th percentile or abdominal circumference less than the 10th percentile; the American College of Obstetricians and Gynecologists (ACOG) defines fetal growth restriction as estimated fetal weight less than the 10th percentile alone. We compared each method's ability to predict small for gestational age (SGA) at birth.

METHODS:
For this retrospective study of diagnostic accuracy, we reviewed deliveries at the University of New Mexico Hospital from January 1, 2013, to March 31, 2017. We included mothers with singleton, well-dated pregnancies and nonanomalous fetuses undergoing indicated fetal growth restriction surveillance with an ultrasound-estimated fetal weight within 30 days of delivery. Estimated fetal weights and percentiles were calculated using the Hadlock intrauterine growth curve. Small for gestational age was defined as birth weight less than the 10th percentile based on a recent, sex-specific curve. We calculated the area under the curve, sensitivity, specificity, and positive and negative likelihood ratios for various approaches using abdominal circumference and estimated fetal weight to diagnose fetal growth restriction, including the definitions endorsed by ACOG and RCOG.

RESULTS:
We included 1,704 pregnancies with a mean ultrasonography-to-delivery interval of 14.0 days (±8.6). There were 235 SGA neonates (13.8%). The rate of fetal growth restriction was 13.6% when using ACOG's criteria and 16.9% according to RCOG's criteria (P=.007). The area under the curve of RCOG's diagnostic approach was 0.78 (95% CI 0.76–0.80), which was higher than ACOG's (0.76, 95% CI 0.74–0.78, P=.01). Sensitivities and specificities of the various methods were similar. Adopting estimated fetal weight or abdominal circumference less than the 10th percentile instead of estimated fetal weight alone to predict SGA at birth would correctly identify one additional case of SGA for each 14 patients assessed.

CONCLUSION:
The diagnostic approach endorsed by RCOG is a marginally better predictor of SGA at birth compared with the method endorsed by ACOG. Future research should consider the potential benefits and harms of the different methods in different populations.
Identifying Maternal Deaths in Texas Using an Enhanced Method, 2012
Authors: Baeva Sonia , Saxton Debra L. , Ruggiero Karen , Kormondy Michelle L. , Hollier Lisa M. , Hellerstedt John , Hall Manda , Archer Natalie P. 
Published: April 2018

OBJECTIVE:
To more accurately estimate the 2012 maternal mortality ratio for Texas using an enhanced method for identifying maternal deaths.

METHODS:
This population-based descriptive study used both data matching and record review to verify pregnancy or delivery within 42 days for 147 deaths with obstetric cause-of-death codes, and used data matching alone to identify additional maternal deaths within the same timeframe. Crude maternal mortality ratios were calculated for confirmed maternal deaths overall, by race and ethnicity, and by age. These maternal mortality ratios were compared with maternal mortality ratios computed using obstetric cause-of-death codes alone (standard method).

RESULTS:
Fifty-six maternal deaths were confirmed to have occurred during pregnancy or within 42 days postpartum. Using our enhanced method, the 2012 maternal mortality ratio for Texas was 14.6 maternal deaths per 100,000 live births, less than half that obtained using the standard method (n=147). Approximately half (50.3%) of obstetric-coded deaths showed no evidence of pregnancy within 42 days, and a large majority of these incorrectly indicated pregnancy at the time of death. Insufficient information was available to determine pregnancy for 15 obstetric-coded deaths, which were excluded from the 2012 maternal mortality ratio estimate; however, had these deaths been included, the resulting maternal mortality ratio would still be significantly lower than that reported using the standard method.

CONCLUSION:
Relying solely on obstetric codes for identifying maternal deaths appears to be insufficient and can lead to inaccurate maternal mortality ratios. A method enhanced with data matching and record review yields more accurate ratios. Results likely have national implications, because miscoding of obstetric deaths with the standard method may affect the accuracy of other states' maternal mortality ratios.