bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Significant of Blood Glucose Time-Series Forecasting with Temporal Fusion Transformer Model for Type 1 Diabetes
Authors: Hakim Ade Anggian , Mahmud Farhanahani , Morsin Marlia , Setiawan Rudi , Masdar Aizan 
Published: October 2024

Blood glucose (BG) prediction has advanced to a state of the art thanks to deep learning models, which have been demonstrated to enhance type 1 diabetes (T1D) therapy. Nevertheless, most current models are limited to single-horizon prediction and have several practical drawbacks, including poor interpretability. In this study, we develop a novel approach to optimize the forecasting model in the training processes using the Optuna function, cross-validation, and the latest dataset. We offer a novel deep learning framework for multi-horizon BG prediction: the temporal fusion transformer (TFT). TFT employs a self-attention mechanism to extract long-term temporal dependencies and enables a model with an auto-tuning adjustment approach on hyperparameters and a cross-validation function on univariate and multivariate input models. On a clinical dataset with T1D subjects, namely ShanghaiT1DM (16 subjects), D1NAMO (9 subjects), and OhioT1DM (6 subjects) datasets, it achieved an average root mean square error (RMSE) of the three datasets used. The TFT model gave a lower error score than the baseline models of neural hierarchical interpolation for time series (N-HiTS)and long short-term memory (LSTM) with the values of 10.08+0.31 mg/dL and 12.34+0.62 mg/dL on the univariate input model and 9.18+1.21 mg/dL and
14.33+0.52 mg/dL on the multivariate input model for the prediction horizons of 30 and 60 minutes, respectively. This result explained that the TFT model was adequate for carrying out multi-horizon BG value-level forecasting and potentially deploying on-edge devices to improve clinical efforts to manage BG levels for T1D patients in real-time application.
Atenção farmacêutica no uso do canabidiol em tratamento de crianças com Transtorno do Espectro Autista (TEA)
Authors: Silva Conceição Nascimento de Souza da , Silva Tallyson Menezes Bento da 
Published: October 2024

Introdução: O autismo é caracterizado por alterações neurológicas que afetam a comunicação verbal e não verbal, as interações sociais e comportamento. Para tanto, acredita –se que o Canabidiol (CBD) substância extraída da planta cannabis, pode auxiliar no tratamento desses sintomas, melhorando a qualidade de vida e o funcionamento diário das pessoas com TEA. Porém vale ressalta que a atenção farmacêutica é primordial para o uso racional desse medicamento.Objetivo: Analisar a atenção farmacêutica no uso do canabidiol em tratamento de crianças com transtorno do espectro autista (TEA).Método: Trata-se de uma revisão de literatura, qualitativa, exploratória e bibliográfica, onde foram utilizados descritores em português, inglês e espanhol para a busca bibliográfica em bases de dados como Google Scholar, SciELO, PubMed e BVS. Os critérios de inclusão utilizados foram : artigo com texto completo disponível online e gratuitamente, publicados no recorte temporal de 2019 a 2024.Resultados: Os estudos mostram que o CBD vem apresentando resultados positivos para as inúmeras variedades de sintomas do TEA, como sintomas comportamentais, agitação, hiperatividade e dificuldades do sono. Conclusões: Contudo, conclui-se que o canabidiol representa uma luz para muitas famílias que buscam opções terapêuticas para o autismo, porém é de suma importância que seu uso seja orientado por profissionais de saúde e acompanhado de perto.
Empirical Stability Criteria for 3D Hierarchical Triple Systems. I. Circumbinary Planets
Authors: Georgakarakos Nikolaos , Eggl Siegfried , Ali-Dib Mohamad , Dobbs-Dixon Ian 
Published: October 2024

Abstract
In this work we revisit the problem of the dynamical stability of hierarchical triple systems with applications to circumbinary planetary orbits. We derive critical semimajor axes based on simulating and analyzing the dynamical behavior of 3 × 108 binary star–planet configurations. For the first time, three-dimensional and eccentric planetary orbits are considered. We explore systems with a variety of binary and planetary mass ratios, binary and planetary eccentricities from 0 to 0.9, and orbital mutual inclinations ranging from 0° to 180°. Planetary masses range between the size of Mercury and the lower fusion boundary (approximately 13 Jupiter masses). The stability of each system is monitored over 106 planetary orbital periods. We provide empirical expressions in the form of multidimensional, parameterized fits for two borders that separate dynamically stable, unstable, and mixed zones. In addition, we offer a machine learning model trained on our data set as an alternative tool for predicting the stability of circumbinary planets. Both the empirical fits and the machine learning model are tested for their predictive capabilities against randomly generated circumbinary systems with very good results. The empirical formulae are also applied to the Kepler and TESS circumbinary systems, confirming that many planets orbit their host stars close to the stability limit of those systems. Finally, we present a REST application programming interface with a web-based application for convenient access to our simulation data set.
Evolution of Tidal Disruption Event Disks with Magnetically Driven Winds
Authors: Tamilan Mageshwaran , Hayasaki Kimitake , Suzuki Takeru K. 
Published: October 2024

Abstract
We present a time-dependent, one-dimensional, magnetically driven disk wind model based on magnetohydrodynamic (MHD) equations, in the context of tidal disruption events (TDEs). We assume that the disk is geometrically thin, is gas pressure dominated, and explicitly accounts for magnetic braking and turbulent viscosity through an extended α-viscosity prescription. We find a particular wind solution for a set of basic equations that satisfies the necessary and sufficient conditions for vertically unbound MHD flows. The solution shows that the disk evolves with mass loss due to wind and accretion from the initial Gaussian density distribution. We confirm that the mass accretion rate follows the power law of time t
−19/16 at late times in the absence of wind, which matches the classical solution of J. K. Cannizzo et al. We find that the mass accretion rate is steeper than the t
−19/16 curve when the wind is present. Mass accretion is also induced by magnetic braking, known as the wind-driven accretion mechanism, which results in a faster decay with time of both the mass accretion and mass-loss rates. In the disk emission, the ultraviolet (UV) luminosity is the highest among the optical, UV, and X-ray luminosities. While the optical and X-ray emission is observationally insignificant without magnetic braking, the X-ray emission is brighter at late times, especially in the presence of magnetic braking. This provides a possible explanation for observed delayed X-ray flares. Our model predicts that late-time bolometric light curves steeper than t
−19/16 in UV-bright TDEs are potentially compelling indicators of magnetically driven winds.
Electron Acceleration in Magnetic Islands in Quasi-parallel Shocks
Authors: Bessho N. , Chen L.-J. , Hesse M. , Ng J. , Wilson L. B. , Stawarz J. E. , Madanian H. 
Published: October 2024

Abstract
We report new theories and simulations for electron acceleration in magnetic islands generated by magnetic reconnection in the shock turbulence in a quasi-parallel shock, using a 2 and 1/2 dimensional particle-in-cell simulation. When an island is moving, unmagnetized electrons are accelerated by the Hall electric field pointing toward the island center. In a stationary island, some electrons are energized by “island betatron acceleration” due to the induction electric field when the island core magnetic field changes with time. In the simulation, almost all of the high-energy electrons in the shock transition region that show a power-law distribution are accelerated in ion-skin-depth-scale magnetic flux ropes, and about half of them are accelerated by the Hall electric field and island betatron acceleration. These mechanisms can produce a power-law electron distribution, and also inject electrons into the diffusive shock acceleration. The mechanisms are applicable to quasi-parallel shocks with high Alfvén Mach numbers (M
A > 10), including planetary bow shocks and shocks in astrophysical objects such as supernova remnants.
What Matters for an occurrenceID and What Is an occurrenceID That Matters?
Authors: Gan Yi-Ming , Benson Abigail , Mayorga Emilio , Pye Jonathan , Formel Stephen 
Published: October 2024

In the Darwin Core data standard (Darwin Core Maintenance Group 2023), the concept of dwc:Occurrence (Wieczorek et al. 2012) in ecological data presents a data model construct not commonly found in data management practices used by ecological data collectors. We frequently encounter raw data without an Occurrence table. For example, the concept of Occurrence can be represented as a cell, where the rows represent sampling sites, the columns represent species, and the value of each cell indicates the count of the species at a specific site. A value in a cell in such a matrix can be interpreted as x number of individuals of species y occurred at sampling site z.
While data providers tend to track data on tangible individual components (e.g., species, location, sample), generating "Occurrence records" typically requires pivoting and/or joining tables associated to these components. Maintaining a stable and persistent occurrenceID for an Occurrence record created through data transformation is not an easy task. This is especially true for long-term monitoring datasets, where the underlying tables used to generate Occurrence records are continuously updated.
Additionally, most ecological data collectors are focused on the primary use of the data, not on the long term integration and accessibility of the data. The Occurrence concept is only required in data exchange format but not needed in ecological data management practices. The disconnect between the practical data management needs of data collectors and the abstractions required for data exchange raises challenges, particularly with an increasing expectation for globally unique and persistent occurrenceIDs.
This presentation will explore the difficulties of creating and managing occurrenceIDs for data providers and managers, especially those who manage data using basic systems such as spreadsheets and simple relational databases. Maintaining stability and persistence of identifiers for inherently artificial constructs like Occurrences within the original, component-based data structure can pose significant challenges. We will explore why meaningful identifiers for occurrenceIDs are often preferred by data providers. We will unpack different use cases and delve into how and why occurrenceIDs were constructed for each use case. Through this discussion, we hope to spark a conversation that informs future data modeling efforts and addresses the inherent artificiality of Occurrences.
“Beezin”: Analysis of TikTok Content Related to a Viral Social Media Trend
Authors: Killeen Olivia J. , Saleem Zara , Vorias Theodora , Mubeen Amani , Miller Aleah , Sridhara Rhea , Gibson Megan , Wang Anna , Chang Tammy 
Published: October 2024

Purpose
To evaluate “beezin,” a social media trend that involves applying Burt's Bees Lip Balm to the eyelids to induce intoxication, which has the potential to cause ocular problems.

Methods
Researchers identified the top TikTok videos about beezin using the search terms “beezing,” “beezin,” “burtsbees,” “Burt's Bees on eyelids,” and “burtsbeeschallenge.” Researchers watched each video and recorded key information. Descriptive statistics were calculated.

Results
Sixty top videos were included in the analysis; they had more than 158 million views and more than 11 million likes. More than half (n = 37, 61%) portrayed the trend positively, 11 (18%) portrayed the trend negatively, and 12 (20%) took a neutral stance on the trend. None of the videos were created by a health care provider.

Conclusions
Beezin is a viral social media trend that may cause ocular problems. There is a need for factual TikTok content to combat the trend. Health care providers should consider beezin when adolescent patients present with contact dermatitis, conjunctivitis, or other possible sequelae of beezin.

[
J Pediatr Ophthalmol Strabismus
. 2025;62(1):39–41.]
An Analysis of Pediatric Ophthalmology Content on Instagram
Authors: Borkhetaria Rucha K. , Ely Amanda L. 
Published: October 2024

Purpose
To analyze pediatric ophthalmology–related information on Instagram (Meta Platforms, Inc).

Methods
A cross-sectional study queried 112 common eye terms and conditions from the American Association for Pediatric Ophthalmology and Strabismus website as hashtags on Instagram. A categorical classification system was used to analyze the top 9 posts per hashtag for likes, comments, views, and engagement level ratio (ELR). Posts were further characterized by author and content type.

Results
Analysis of the top 901 posts that met our inclusion criteria revealed a cumulative 424,608 likes, 15,793 comments, and 2,873,042 views. Authors had a total of 76,076,455 followers. Patients/families created the greatest number of posts (37.6%), followed by companies (20.2%), other (14.9%), medical organizations (12.3%), international ophthalmologists (6.1%), optometrists (5.9%), and American Board of Ophthalmology–certified ophthalmologists (3.0%). Content was mostly patient experience (42.4%), followed by educational (29.7%), self-promotional (13.5%), other (10.5%), and career-related (3.8%). Companies authored the highest number of educational posts (23.5%), followed by medical institutions (20.9%), other (19.4%), international ophthalmologists (13.8%), optometrists (13.4%), and American Board of Ophthalmology–certified ophthalmologists (4.5%) and patients (4.5%).

Conclusions
Although pediatric ophthalmology content presented by board-certified ophthalmology Instagram authors had a greater number of followers than most other author categories, ophthalmologist authors on Instagram are still underrepresented. Additional research is warranted to help promote ophthalmologist-authored posts.

[
J Pediatr Ophthalmol Strabismus
. 2025;62(1):50–56.]
Patients’ perceptions on reluctance to undergo cataract surgery in Sedibeng district hospital, Gauteng province
Authors: Modise Hluphekile M. , Mboweni Sheillah H. 
Published: October 2024

Background: Over 50 million people are blind, and 135 million people suffer from severe visual impairments, with cataracts contributing to 51% of global blindness cases. Despite efforts to promote cataract surgery (CS), many patients remain hesitant, underscoring the importance of understanding their perspectives.Aim: This study aimed to explore and describe patients’ perceptions regarding reluctance to undergo CS to improve awareness and increase surgery uptake.Setting: The research was conducted in the Sedibeng District, Gauteng province, South Africa.Methods: A qualitative descriptive phenomenological design was employed to capture the lived experiences of patients through face-to-face, individual semi-structured interviews with 15 patients aged 38 – 72 years prior to their CS. Purposive sampling was used to select participants, and Colaizzi’s seven-step analysis was used for data analysis.Results: The findings highlight several barriers perceived by participants, including long waiting times; fear; lack of knowledge; limited financial, material and human resources; power outages; uncontrolled blood sugar levels; and coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic restrictions. Nevertheless, some view it positively as a means to avert blindness and enhance vision.Conclusion: To address the challenges, the study recommends boosting the number of eye health care professionals, prioritising budget allocation, addressing electricity interruptions and conducting community outreach educational programmes to improve access to CS in the district.Contribution: The insights gained from this study can help health care providers and policymakers optimise care and support for CS patients through policy formulation and education. Addressing these knowledge gaps will likely increase surgery uptake and improve patients’ quality of life.
Communication Intervention in South Africa: Advocating for the Listening and Spoken Language Approach
Authors: Casoojee Aisha 
Published: October 2024

Adhering to Early Hearing Detection and Intervention (EHDI) guidelines is critical for the timely identification and management of infants with hearing impairment. Early intervention specifically focusses on family-centred communication interventions, of which the Listening and Spoken Language–South Africa (LSL-SA) approach is available for children with hearing impairment in South Africa. Studies have evidenced significant benefits for children with hearing impairment enrolled in LSL-SA compared to those enrolled in Traditional Speech-Language Therapy (TSLT), that is, age-equivalent communication outcomes, shorter duration of therapy until discharge, meritorious academic performance and integration into a hearing society. Despite these positive outcomes related to the LSL-SA approach, significant contextual barriers hinder effective implementation nationwide.Contribution: The successful implementation of EHDI guidelines in South Africa hinges on overcoming barriers through tailored healthcare strategies and contextualised delivery. Adapting frameworks such as LSL-SA to fit the local context is crucial for advancing equitable access to EHDI services, positively impacting children with hearing impairment and their families. This article highlights the systemic challenges in South Africa in optimising resources by adopting linguistically appropriate and culturally responsive early intervention approaches to champion hearing healthcare initiatives. Effective collaboration among diverse stakeholders is essential for enhancing the uptake of EHDI guidelines and translating policy into impactful communication interventions. Implementing the core principles of the LSL-SA approach will not only ensure access to this specialised service for suitable candidates but may also alleviate specific barriers to EHDI implementation within TSLT approaches.
Autonomic response and attachment style in disruptive mood dysregulation disorder
Authors: Leal Michelle , Adan Marilyn , Heilman Keri J. , Cockcroft Kate 
Published: October 2024

Background: Disruptive mood dysregulation disorder (DMDD) is characterised by severe emotion regulation difficulties, particularly anger and irritability, in children. Despite the impact of attachment on emotional and behavioural regulation, the link between attachment style and DMDD is under-researched.Aim: This study investigated whether attachment style and parasympathetic regulation differentiate the response profiles to frustrating conditions between children diagnosed with DMDD and controls.Setting: Participants were assessed at schools in Johannesburg, Gauteng, South Africa.Methods: Thirty participants were divided into two matched groups (nDMDD = 15; nControl = 15) and assessed. Respiratory sinus arrhythmia (RSA) and heart period were measured during an Affective Posner Task, inducing frustration. Attachment style was assessed using the Attachment Style Classification Questionnaire for children. Parents of children with DMDD completed a social interaction problems questionnaire.Results: The DMDD group showed a higher prevalence of avoidant attachment style (p = 0.013) compared to controls. Both groups displayed adaptive vagal withdrawal and recovery during the task (p = 0.005; p = 0.021). Controls had significantly higher heart period throughout the assessment (game 1: p = 0.006; game 2: p = 0.013; game 3: p = 0.007). In the DMDD group, lower vagal tone during frustration correlated with more social interaction problems (p = 0.049).Conclusion: The study demonstrates a potential link between attachment style and altered physiological state in children with DMDD.Contribution: The findings provide insight into possible atypical vagal regulation of the heart and avoidant attachment styles in DMDD, highlighting potential therapeutic and intervention targets.
Enfermedad invasiva por Haemophilus influenzae. España 2023
Authors: Soler Soneira Marta , Muñoz-Martinez Lorena , Alcaide-Jimenez Ainhoa , Arroyo-Nebreda Virginia , Cano-Portero Rosa 
Published: October 2024

Introducción: Descripción del análisis epidemiológico de la enfermedad invasiva por Haemophilus influenzae (EIH) en España durante 2023 y su comparación respecto a años anteriores (2015-2022).
Método: Análisis epidemiológico descriptivo de los casos de EIH notificados a la Red Nacional de Vigilancia Epidemiológica (RENAVE) en 2023. Las variables analizadas fueron: sexo, grupo de edad, fecha de inicio de síntomas, comunidad o ciudad autónoma que notifica, defunción, manifestación clínica y serotipo.
Resultados: En 2023 se notificaron 674 casos de EIH (54% hombres) con una tasa de incidencia acumulada de 1,39 (número de casos por 100.000 habitantes). Las mayores tasas de incidencia en 2023 se observaron en menores de 1 año y en la población de 85 y más años. Durante este año se recuperó el patrón estacional típico de esta enfermedad, con un mayor número de casos de EIH en otoño e invierno. La manifestación clínica más frecuente independientemente de la edad fue la neumonía bacteriémica (46,1% de los casos). El 80,4 % de las defunciones ocurrieron en el grupo de 65 años o más. Se desconoce el serotipo de la mayoría de los casos de EIH notificados.
Discusión: En 2023 se registró la mayor incidencia acumulada de los últimos 9 años. La mejora de la notificación de los datos de caracterización microbiológica es crucial para llevar a cabo la vigilancia de esta enfermedad y para la evaluación del programa de vacunación.
Pelaksanaan Kegiatan Ekstrakurikuler Kursus Kader Dakwah (KKD) dalam Meningkatkan Minat Siswa di MAN 2 Model Medan
Authors: Neliwati  , Adinda Putri Aulia  , Emelia Sari Jihan , Zakiyah Khairani Pasaribu  
Published: October 2024

KKD activities are very important to develop in schools because they can improve their learning experience and help them discover their interests in the religious field. The method in this research is qualitative field. The aim of this research is to describe and analyze KKD extracurriculars in increasing student interest in MAN 2 Model Medan. Adapun metode dalam penelitian ini ialah penelitian kualitatif lapangan yang berlokasi di MAN 2 Model Medan. The results obtained in this research are: 1) The implementation of the KKD extracurricular program in increasing student interest in MAN 2 Medan Model is that the implementation of the KKD extracurricular program is realized by carrying out activities that develop students' religious understanding, communication skills and leadership qualities. 2) The contribution of the KKD extracurricular program in increasing student interest at MAN 2 Model Medan is that it provides opportunities to develop preaching, leadership and social skills, which can increase student interest.