bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Analysis of trichome morphology and density in Salvia nemorosa L. (Lamiaceae) of Iran
Authors: Talebi Seyed Mehdi , Mahdiyeh Majid , Nohooji Majid Ghorbani , Akhani Mahsa 
Published: July 2018

AbstractSalvia nemorosa L. is an aromatic herb distributed widely in various regions of Iran, and is used in traditional and modern medicine. In the present study, leaf trichome densities and also type were investigated in six populations of the species, because the effective substances of this species exist in essential oil of glandular trichomes. For this, the mature intact leaves of each population were fixed in FAA solution, and then transverse hand sections were double-stained and studied using light microscopy. Leaf indumentum in all of the populations was dense pilose, with the exception of Tehran population that had loose pilose. Thirteen kinds of trichomes were identified, the main of which were peltate and capitate. PCA-biplot showed that each of these populations had prominent trichome trait(s). Furthermore, significant positive/negative correlations were found between some trichome types with main ecological factors of habitat. The studied populations clustered separately in the UPGMA tree, moreover, PCA and also PCO plots produced similar results. Our findings confirmed that ecological parameters of a habitat have strong effects on trichome morphology and density.
Phaeophyscia endophoenicea (Lecanoromycetes) – Lichen Species New to Belarus
Authors: Tsurykau Andrei , Ropat Aliaksandra 
Published: July 2018

AbstractPhaeophyscia endophoenicea (Harm.) Moberg was reported for the first time in Belarus. It was recorded growing on bark of Carpinus betulus in old-growth broadleaved forest in Gomel region, the southeastern part of Belarus.
Value of the Firm in Capital Structure Perspective
Authors: Ngatemin  , Maksum Azhar , Erlina  , Sirojuzilam  
Published: July 2018

SUMMARY
This study aims to examine whether profitability, firm size, institutional ownership, growth affect the capital structure and whether profitability, firm size, institutional ownership, growth affect the value of the company through the capital structure. The sample used in this research is the tourism industry sector companies listed in Indonesia Stock Exchange 2007-2014 period, which has complete financial report and published in Indonesian Capital Market Directory (ICMD) as many as 19 companies. The data collected were analyzed using Path Analysis. Path analysis obtained that Return on Equity (ROE), Institutional Ownership (KIS), Growth Assets (GA) and Debt Asset Ratio (DAR) is the direction or positive with Value of the Firm (PRICE) where every increase ROE, KIS and GA followed by a rise in PRICE. On the other hand Firm Size (SIZE) has a negative relation to PRICE where every increase of SIZE is followed by decrease of PRICE.
Competitiveness and Development of Local Communities in the Republic of Srpska
Authors: Rebić Mladen , Bojat Milica , Šarenac Nemanja 
Published: July 2018

SUMMARY
There is no universal model of local economic development. Development strategies vary from country to country, city to city, and depend on the level of development, political system, development potential, social values, available resources, etc. Republic of Srpska faces with significant differences in the level of development of its territory. Local communities in the Republic of Srpska are increasingly facing with several obligations - providing support to business, creating a favorable business environment for attracting investment and providing an adequate infrastructure. The biggest problems that most of municipalities in the Republic of Srpska encounter are reflected in the emptying of cities, the departure of young people, low average wages and high unemployment rates. They are trying to solve these problems by attracting investments. However, it is very important to say that an effective investment policy must be based on the creation of new enterprises with capitalintensive production. The average wage level in local communities of the Republic of Srpska is low, due to the fact that most of the investments have a labor-intensive character. The subject and aim of this paper is to determine the competitiveness and level of development of local communities in the Republic of Srpska. Municipal competitiveness will be higher if it has a positive trade balance, higher average wages, high natural increase, low unemployment rate and positive migration. Higher natural increase, favorable trade balance and low unemployment rate are in direct correlation with the degree of local development. The results of the research have shown that the key problems of underdeveloped municipalities in the Republic of Srpska are demographic aging, population migration, underdeveloped infrastructure, high unemployment rates, low average wages, low level of investment, low export activity, weak institutional capacities, etc.
First report of Athesmia foxi Goldberger and Crane, 1911 (Digenea, Dicrocoeliidae) from Chrysocyon brachyurus (Illiger, 1815) (Carnivora, Canidae) and pathological findings
Authors: Ederli N. B. , de Oliveira I. , Demarque C. , Mello Gallo S. S. , Leandro H. J. , da Silveira L. S. , de Oliveira F. C. R. 
Published: July 2018

Summary

Chrysocyon brachyurus, the largest South American canid, is a native species of the Brazilian cerrado. The present study is aimed to report the occurrence of the trematode, Athesmia foxi, in the liver of a new host, C. brachyurus, and to describe its morphology and pathology. One C. brachyurus individual was necropsied and examined for the presence of parasites. Worms were collected from the bile ducts and based on morphological and morphometrical characteristics, such as a relatively large, slender, aspinose, elongated shape with vitellarium present on the upper left side of the body were identified as A. foxi. On the host, hepatic lesions limited to the bile ducts and periportal regions, were characterized as chronic-active cholangitis, biliary hyperplasia, and fibrosis. This is the first report of A. foxi parasitizing C. brachyurus, demonstrating that this parasite has no host specificity and can be widely distributed. A. foxi lesions noted in C. brachyurus are similar to those noted in various other mammalian hosts.
The Effect of Peroral Administration of Lactobacillus Fermentum Culture on Dairy Cows Health Indices
Authors: Liepa Laima , Viduža Māra 
Published: July 2018

Abstract
The culture of Lactobacillus fermentum was isolated from the biogas substrate. The aim was to evaluate the efficiency of perorally applied L. fermentum additive to prevent metabolic diseases in the early lactation period of dairy cows. The experiment was performed in the early lactation group of a herd with 240 cows. The control and experimental group each consisted of 10 clinically healthy cows with normal concentration of β-hydroxybutyrate and glucose. On day 1–5 (D1–D5), the experimental cows received orally 150 ml of L. fermentum product of 8.1x105 CFU/ml. On D1, D2, D5 and D20, the rumen fluid samples were collected from all animals in both groups with an oral-ruminal probe once per day for detection of pH and concentration of volatile fatty acids, on D1, D5 and D20 – blood samples for biochemical analyses. The data were analyzed using Microsoft Excel. Results: Significant changes were observed in the concentration of the liver enzymes AST and GGT. On D1, in the experimental animals AST concentration 100.5±14.0 IU/L was higher than in control cows – 51.4±5.7 IU/L (p<0.05). On D20, AST was reduced significantly only in experimental cows. On D1, GGT concentration 31.5±6.91 IU/L was higher (p<0.05) in experimental animals than in control cows – 13.6±1.53 IU/L, but on D5, GGT concentration in experimental animals was reduced to 18.4±6.41 IU/L (p<0.05), and remained until D20. Conclusion: L. fermentum culture administered orally for five days improved the blood liver enzymes in cows, and the effect lasted for two weeks.
Discovering extinct water bodies in the landscape of Central Europe using toponymic GIS
Authors: Frajer Jindřich , Fiedor David 
Published: July 2018

Abstract
Due to global climate change and anthropogenic pressures on the landscape, one of the current geographical problems is retention of water in agricultural landscapes. One possibility to tackle this issue is the construction of artificial water bodies, which has historical traditions in the form of fishponds in Central European landscapes. Unfortunately, many such water bodies were transformed into arable lands during the 18th and 19th centuries. In this study, the identification and spatial distribution of these extinct water bodies is subject to examination, using place names in a GIS environment. Some 375 place names were selected from the official database of place names in the Czech Republic. This set of names was compared to current maps, as well as to old maps from the Habsburg monarchy from 1783–1880 (1st, 2nd and 3rd Military Survey). The map resources were used to find out if a place name was related to an extinct fishpond, and in which period the pond ceased to exist. Using spatial statistics, the existence of areas with a high concentration of place names referring to extinct ponds is demonstrated. It has also been established that areas linked to fishpond extinction in the same period now face more frequent droughts. Thus, the set of place names can be used to identify not only extinct water bodies, but also to serve as being potentially useful in other analyses using GIS, as well as in the public sphere (reclamation).
An integrated AHP and PROMETHEE approach to the evaluation of the attractiveness of European maritime areas for sailing tourism
Authors: Butowski Leszek 
Published: July 2018

Abstract
As a subject of scientific investigation, evaluations of the attractiveness of tourist destinations have had a relatively long history, particularly among geographers and regional economists. Based on mathematical and psychological principles and using methods that combine the Analytical Hierarchy Process (AHP) and the Preference Ranking Organization Method for Enrichment Evaluation (PROMETHEE) approach, this research project constructs an evaluation structure used for the assessment of European coastal and offshore areas for sailing tourism. A case study with a three-level evaluation structure has been defined and tested. It contains: at the top of the hierarchy an overall objective defined as the attractiveness of the European coastal and offshore areas for sailing tourism; six criteria of evaluation (on the second level); and ten coastal areas (at the bottom level). This structure covers almost all the coasts around Europe, as they were the subjects of evaluation and comparison. The evaluation was carried out by a group of experts who made the assessment taking into account previously determined criteria with weights. The findings indicate that the AHP-PROMETHEE method may be a useful tool to evaluate the attractiveness of different destinations. It can be also used for practical purposes, particularly to determine strengths and weaknesses, as well as the competitive position, of given coastal areas in relation to others.
Intellectual capital research and practice: 7 myths and one golden rule
Authors: Bratianu Constantin 
Published: July 2018

Abstract
The intellectual capital research and practice entered in the last years into a visible decline due to some barriers in understanding its intangible nature and designing Newtonian metrics for its measurement and reporting. Inertial thinking is very powerful in promoting new approaches for the need of a new perspective in working with intellectual capital. Unfortunately, even some top journals in the domain of intellectual capital remained trapped into this Newtonian logic and standard statistical analysis, as a result of the mind-set of their editorial staff and reviewers. The purpose of this paper is to present a critical analysis of the intellectual capital research and practice today and to reveal some of the most important barriers in understanding the complexity and nature of the intellectual capital. These barriers manifest like myths in approaching the research into intellectual capital, myths that create a false reality and false research questions, which enter into collision with the real life of companies and their business. The paper identifies seven myths which created a Newtonian version of the non-Newtonian reality, and a golden rule for further research into the intellectual capital of organizations. The conclusion of the present critical analysis is that we need a new approach to understand the complexity of the intellectual capital and new metrics to measure it.
Demand and Supply Analysis of Adult Education Services in Ukraine in the Context of Foreign Scholars’ Views
Authors: Lukianova Larysa 
Published: July 2018

AbstractSocial and economic transformations which are taking place in the Ukrainian society, the development of market relations, fast scientific and technical progress require the introduction of the model of the continuous knowledge upgrading that is necessary for the successful professional and personal development. The problem of educational needs is an interdisciplinary field which is defined by the complex of social and humanitarian sciences. The determining place among these sciences belongs to philosophy of education, sociology and pedagogy. The author is of the opinion that the investigation of educational needs of Ukrainian citizens will allow characterizing the educational situation in the country, substantiating the mechanisms of regulating separate subsystems of modern adult education and identifying some problems which hinder the development of this educational branch. There have been considered the questions of meeting the educational needs of the population as well as the peculiarities of forming the educational needs. In addition, the author’s understanding of the term “educational needs” and their characteristic features have been offered in the paper. The article represents the results of investigating educational needs in one of Ukraine’s regions, the purpose of which was to identify the requirement level of educational needs, to assess the quality of the provided educational services, to distinguish the motives of their use and the perspectives of their dissemination in the region.
Life Goals of Young People at Risk of Social Exclusion in Poland
Authors: Szafrańska Karina 
Published: July 2018

Abstract
Every young person in adolescence is looking for the meaning of life, concentrating their activities around specific goals. Selecting them independently, they are guided by specific values, strive to reach them by orientating themselves to the world in a specific way. An analysis of the ever-changing reality and its interpretation make it easier for them to function in the world and make choices. The decisions they take refer to different areas of life, have different levels of importance, degree of involvement in the action leading to implementation of the intentions. The first part of the article presents selected concepts of purposeful behaviour, depicting human activity in the category of goals set by an individual. These concepts are characterized primarily by individual life goals, their properties and mechanisms governing them. The second part of the article will present results of research on the life goals of pupils of Youth Educational Centres (YEC) in Poland. On the basis of the obtained results it can be noticed that the respondents obtained average results on all the scales – only in the case of the following goals: finances and permanent relationship were the results increased. This shows that it is important for them to start a family and have financial security in the future. Results of the Mann-Whitney U Test indicate that girls significantly higher than boys appreciate in their lives such goals as: permanent relationship, finances and society (statistically significant differences at the level of at least p <0.05). In addition, in the case of the indicated life goal scales, a trend is observed showing that along with the number of resocialization programs in which the respondents participate, the results obtained in the scale of assessing the importance of all life goals increased. It is therefore important to pay more attention to supporting and developing socially accepted life goals of young people at risk of social exclusion as this can significantly increase the effectiveness of rehabilitation interactions.
Individual Aspects in Professional Training of Tourism Specialists in the UK
Authors: Sidorov Vadym 
Published: July 2018

AbstractThe article deals with individual aspects in professional training of tourism specialists in the UK. It has been specified that alongside with the global development of tourism education, the UK revealed the potential of its tourism industry with the introduction of the Development of Tourism Act in 1969. Consequently, the tourism education in the UK has undergone three periods, namely, the establishment of the tourism industry and the comprehension of the need to prepare highly qualified tourism specialists, the development of tourism and hospitality courses, the large-scale foundation of higher education institutions offering tourism and hospitality courses. It has been clarified that the Quality Assurance Agency developed the Subject Benchmark Statement for Events, Hospitality, Leisure, Sport and Tourism, which is rather innovative and multidisciplinary, so that programme developers can take into consideration global challenges and needs of the modern labour market to prepare competitive specialists, who can become their own curriculum producers. It has been stated that future tourism specialists in the UK are fully supplied with innovative communication and information technologies and can pay much attention to developing practical skills while undergoing industrial placements, live casestudies, participating in volunteering activities, gain valuable professional experience due to advanced facilities. The following recommendations have been outlined to improve quality of future tourism specialists’ professional training in Ukraine: 1) to develop relevant regulatory framework for professional tourism education; 2) to analyze the market of tourism supply and demand in order to define which tourism specialists are most required and, consequently, to expand a spectrum of specializations in professional training of tourism specialists; 3) to improve the state of facilities at higher education institutions offering tourism courses and provide students with the opportunity to gain valuable professional experience in modern technology-enhanced classrooms; 4) to increase the practical component of future tourism specialists’ professional training through implementing industrial placements, work-based learning, direct collaborations with practitioners and employers, live case-studies, life performance and events, etc.; 5) to involve students into the design of their own curricula, so that they can feel themselves responsible for their learning outcomes.
Professional Development of Teachers Under the Conditions Lifelong Learning: Foreign Experience
Authors: Sysko Nataliia 
Published: July 2018

AbstractThe article analyzes foreign experience in continuing professional development of teachers. It has been found that the system of continuing professional development of teachers in foreign countries has its own conceptual peculiarities determined by relevant contextual factors. It has been specified that all systems are characterized by personality-oriented approach to professional development of teachers, available organizational and pedagogical conditions for development, flexibility, diversity of forms and training content. Such an approach can enhance professionalism of teachers, their ability to provide students with high-quality and effective teaching in accordance with the needs of a market economy. It has been outlined that professional development of teachers is the most effective at the level of an educational institution in the course of daily teaching activities, provided the forms of this process organization are diverse. The key factor, which influences effectiveness of continuing professional development is the teacher’s ability to reflect, motivation, responsibility and academic mobility within professional development. It has been clarified that a number of countries apply national mechanisms for recognizing the results of teachers’ professional development, their certification. We believe it necessary to creatively use foreign innovative experience to enhance continuing professional development of teachers in Ukraine, namely, to create a multi-level system of continuing professional development of vocational education teachers and introduce motivational mechanisms for stimulating their professional growth.
Specifics of Future Border Protection Specialists’ Training in the USA and Ukraine: Comparative Analysis
Authors: Tron Tetiana 
Published: July 2018

Abstract
Nowadays the issue of border protection is vitally important for national security of every country to guarantee protection of citizens. In this regard, it is important to study positive experience of world practices in this field. The current article deals with the comparative analysis of the system of border protection specialists’ training in the United States and Ukraine. The article focuses on specifying learning methods, forms of border protection specialists’ training. Moreover, the issue of border protection specialists’ training within the framework of pedagogical theory and practice has been presented; main stages of development of the USA and Ukrainian border protection training system have been processed and presented; professional requirements of American and Ukrainian border protection specialists have been described and compared. Additionally, curriculum standards of physical, firearm, law, operational and communicative aspects of professional training in the field of border protection in the USA and Ukraine have been mentioned. Furthermore, the research investigates principles and specifics of future border protection specialist’ professional training with detailed description of the educational process in the USA and Ukraine. Great attention has also been paid to the specific forms, methods and strategies of professional border protection training. The comparative analysis of American and Ukrainian professional training system in the field of border protection has been conducted. Basing on criteria of different training aspects, the conducted analysis enables to state new possibilities of progressive American ideas in the field of border protection issues to be implemented into the practice of Ukrainian future border protection specialists’ training.