bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Heart Rate Variability as a Biomarker for Predicting Stroke, Post-stroke Complications and Functionality
Authors: Lees Ty , Shad-Kaneez Fatima , Simpson Ann M , Nassif Najah T , Lin Yiguang , Lal Sara 
Published: July 2018

Background: Heart rate variability (HRV) is a non-invasive measure of the function of the autonomic nervous system, and its dynamic nature may provide a means through which stroke and its associated complications may be predicted, monitored, and managed. Objective: The objective of this review is to identify and provide a critique on the most recent uses of HRV in stroke diagnosis/management and highlight areas that warrant further research. Methods: The MEDLINE, CINAHL, and OVID MEDLINE databases were canvassed using a systematic search strategy, for articles investigating the use of HRV in stroke diagnosis and management. Initial paper selections were based on title alone, and final paper inclusion was informed by a full-text critical appraisal. Results: The systematic search returned 98 records, of which 51 were unique. Following screening, 22 records were included in the final systematic review. The included papers provided some information regarding predicting incident stroke, which largely seems to be best predicted by time- and frequency-domain HRV parameters. Furthermore, post-stroke complications and functionality are similarly predicted by time- and frequency-domain parameters, as well as non-linear parameters in some instances. Conclusions: Current research provides good evidence that HRV parameters may have utility as a biomarker for stroke and for post-stroke complications and/or functionality. Future research would benefit from the integration of non-linear, and novel parameters, the hybridisation of HRV parameters, and the expansion of the utilisation of predictive regression and hazard modelling.
T-cell activation marker sCD27 is associated with clinically definite multiple sclerosis in childhood-acquired demyelinating syndromes
Authors: Wong Yu Yi M , van der Vuurst de Vries Roos M , van Pelt E Daniëlle , Ketelslegers Immy A , Melief Marie-José , Wierenga Annet F , Catsman-Berrevoets Coriene E , Neuteboom Rinze F , Hintzen Rogier Q 
Published: July 2018

Background: Cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) levels of T-cell activation marker soluble CD27 (sCD27) are associated with subsequent disease activity after a first attack of suspected MS in adults. The predictive value for disease course in children with acquired demyelinating syndromes (ADS) is unknown. Objectives: To assess the predictive value of sCD27 levels for clinically definite multiple sclerosis (CDMS) diagnosis in childhood ADS. Methods: Children <18 years with a first demyelinating event were prospectively included and followed. Soluble CD27 was determined in CSF using an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). Cox regression analyses were used to calculate hazard ratios (HRs) for CDMS. Results: A total of 94 ADS children were included (ADS with encephalopathy (ADS+) n = 33 and ADS without encephalopathy (ADS–) n = 61). Of the 61 ADS– children, 21 (48%) were diagnosed with CDMS during follow-up. At baseline, sCD27 levels were higher in patients with a future CDMS diagnosis ( n = 29) than in monophasic ADS+ ( n = 30), monophasic ADS– ( n = 28) and relapsing non-MS patients ( n = 7; p < 0.001). In ADS– patients, sCD27 was associated with CDMS (HR = 1.8 per 100 U/mL increase in sCD27 levels, p = 0.031), after adjustments for age, oligoclonal bands and the presence of dissemination in space on baseline magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). Conclusion: CSF sCD27 levels at first attack of demyelination were associated with CDMS diagnosis in children. This makes sCD27 a potential clinically relevant quantitative marker when performing routine CSF diagnostics.
Creativity and simultaneous interpretation—the two shall never meet?
Authors: Kim Daejin , Lim Hyang-Ok 
Published: July 2018

Aims and objectives/purpose/research questions: This study examines the cognitive nature of Korean–English conference interpreters by analyzing the creativity scores of professional interpreters and interpreter students and exploring the cause of the differences between them. Design/methodology/approach: We conducted the Torrance Tests of Creative Thinking (TTCT) on professional interpreters and interpreter students. The main scores and sub scores of the two groups were compared and analyzed. The quantitative results were complemented by selective in-depth interviews. Data and analysis: Forty-five subjects (21 professional interpreters and 24 interpreter students) participated in the study. The data from the TTCT main and subordinate scores were obtained. An independent t-test between the two groups was conducted. The creative style scores were compared to explain the differences between the two groups. Findings/conclusions: Contrary to our expectations, the creative verbal scores of the professional interpreters were significantly lower than the interpreter students’ scores. We also found other distinct differences between the two groups regarding several aspects of creativity including styles. We speculate that the different creative scores may reflect the impact that many years of professional interpretation experience have had on the cognition of the conference interpreters. Originality: The current study is a first attempt to explore the creative scores of professional interpreters and interpreter students with an analysis of the implications of the cognitive aspects of Korean–English conference interpreters. Significance/implications: Our study suggests that the difference in the creative scores of professional interpreters and interpreter students may be key to understanding the unique cognitive features of Korean–English conference interpreters. We surmise that the involvement of particular functions of the brain together with the professional experience of the interpreters caused the difference.
Association between an insertion/deletion polymorphism in the interleukin-1α gene and the risk of colorectal cancer in a Chinese population
Authors: Ma Qizhao , Mao Zhigang , Du Jipei , Liao Shiping , Zheng Yanjiang , Zhi Maohui , Zhang Ji , Wang Yufang 
Published: July 2018

Background: Previous studies have reported that polymorphisms in the interleukin-1 gene may be involved in tumorigenesis and tumor progression. Aim: The purpose of the present study was to evaluate whether an insertion/deletion polymorphism, rs3783553, located in the miR-122 target gene interleukin-1α, was associated with the risk of colorectal cancer. Methods: Genomic DNA was extracted from peripheral venous blood of 382 patients with colorectal cancer and 433 controls, and the polymorphism was genotyped using a polymerase chain reaction assay. Results: Significantly decreased colorectal cancer risk was observed to be associated with the interleukin-1α rs3783553 insertion/insertion genotype ( P=0.0001; OR=0.41; 95% CI 0.26, 0.65) and the insertion allele ( P<0.001; OR=0.68; 95% CI 0.55, 0.83). Stratification analysis based on clinical and pathological features also revealed that the “TTCA” insertion allele of rs3783553 contributes to slow the progression of colorectal cancer. Conclusion: These results suggest that the rs3783553 polymorphism could be a useful genetic marker to predict the size/extent of colorectal cancer.
Safety and predictors of stroke mimics in The Norwegian Tenecteplase Stroke Trial (NOR-TEST)
Authors: Kvistad Christopher Elnan , Novotny Vojtech , Næss Halvor , Hagberg Guri , Ihle-Hansen Hege , Waje-Andreassen Ulrike , Thomassen Lars , Logallo Nicola 
Published: July 2018

Background Stroke mimics are frequently treated with thrombolysis in clinical practice and thrombolytic trials. Although alteplase in stroke mimics has proven to be safe, safety of tenecteplase in stroke mimics has not been assessed in an ischemic stroke study setting. We aimed to assess clinical characteristics and safety of stroke mimics treated with thrombolysis in the Norwegian Tenecteplase Stroke Trial. We also aimed to identify possible predictors of stroke mimics as compared to patients with acute cerebral ischemia. Methods Norwegian Tenecteplase Stroke Trial was a phase-3 trial investigating safety and efficacy of tenecteplase vs. alteplase in patients with suspected acute cerebral ischemia. Two groups were defined based on diagnose at discharge: patients with a different diagnose than ischemic stroke or transient ischemic attack (stroke mimics group) and patients diagnosed with ischemic stroke or transient ischemic attack (acute cerebral ischemia group). Logistic regression analyses were performed with stroke mimics vs. acute cerebral ischemia as dependent variable to identify predictors of stroke mimics. Results Of 1091 randomized patients, 181 (16.6%) were stroke mimics. Migraine (22.2%) and peripheral vertigo (11.4%) were the two most frequent stroke mimic-diagnoses. There was no symptomatic intracerebral hemorrhage in the stroke mimics group. Stroke mimics were independently associated with age ≤60 years (OR 2.75, p < 0.001), female sex (OR 1.48, p = 0.026), no history of myocardial infarction (OR 2.03, p = 0.045), systolic BP ≤ 150 mmHg (OR 2.33, p < 0.001), NIHSS ≤ 6 points (OR 1.83, p = 0.011), sensory loss (OR 1.55, p = 0.015), and no facial paresis (OR 2.41, p < 0.001) on admission. Conclusion Thrombolysis with tenecteplase seems to be as safe as with alteplase in stroke mimics. Predictors were identified for stroke mimics which may contribute to differentiate stroke mimics from acute cerebral ischemia in future stroke trials.
Hospital case-volume is associated with case-fatality after aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage
Authors: Lindgren Antti , Burt Sarah , Bragan Turner Ellie , Meretoja Atte , Lee Jin-Moo , Hemmen Thomas M , Alberts Mark , Lemmens Robin , Vergouwen Mervyn DI , Rinkel Gabriel JE 
Published: July 2018

Background Inverse association between hospital case-volume and case-fatality has been observed for various nonsurgical interventions and surgical procedures. Aims To study the impact of hospital case-volume on outcome after aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage (aSAH). Methods We included aSAH patients who underwent aneurysm coiling or clipping from tertiary care medical centers across three continents using the Dr Foster Stroke GOAL database 2007–2014. Hospitals were categorized by annual case-volume (low volume: <41/year; intermediate: 41–70/year; high: >70/year). Primary outcome was 14-day in-hospital case-fatality. We calculated proportions, and used multiple logistic regression to adjust for age, sex, differences in comorbidity or disease severity, aneurysm treatment modality, and hospital. Results We included 8525 patients (2363 treated in low volume hospitals, 3563 treated in intermediate volume hospitals, and 2599 in high-volume hospitals). Crude 14-day case-fatality for hospitals with low case-volume was 10.4% (95% confidence interval (CI) 9.2–11.7%), for intermediate volume 7.0% (95% CI 6.2–7.9%; adjusted odds ratio (OR) 0.63 (95%CI 0.47–0.85)) and for high volume 5.4% (95% CI 4.6–6.3%; adjusted OR 0.50 (95% CI 0.33–0.74)). In patients with clipped aneurysms, adjusted OR for 14-day case-fatality was 0.46 (95% CI 0.30–0.71) for hospitals with intermediate case-volume and 0.42 (95% CI 0.25–0.72) with high case-volume. In patients with coiled aneurysms, adjusted OR was 0.77 (95% CI 0.55–1.07) for hospitals with intermediate case-volume and 0.56 (95% CI 0.36–0.87) with high case-volume. Conclusions Even within a subset of large, tertiary care centers, intermediate and high hospital case-volume is associated with lower case-fatality after aSAH regardless of treatment modality, supporting centralization to higher volume centers.
Epidemiology of distal radius fractures in a geographically defined adult population
Authors: Stirling Euan R. B. , Johnson Nick A. , Dias Joseph J. 
Published: July 2018

Distal radial fractures are the most common adult orthopaedic fracture. We sought to determine whether the incidence of this injury is changing and identify trends in its occurrence. We analysed data for all adult patients presenting to University Hospitals of Leicester with a distal radial fracture from 2007–2016. Incidence rates were calculated using United Kingdom population data. Poisson regression techniques were used to analyse weekly, seasonal and annual variation in fracture incidence. There was no significant change in average age or incidence of fracture. Increased incidence was associated with inclement weather conditions. Younger patients more commonly sustain fractures on weekends. We predict a 23% rise in the number of fractures in the United Kingdom in the next 20 years. The incidence of fracture does not appear to be changing, although the number of fractures is growing. Weekly and seasonal trends are apparent. Level of evidence: III
Cross-sectional correlates of paraoxonase 1 and soluble intercellular adhesion molecule-1 in metabolic syndrome patients with and without diabetes
Authors: Al-Heety Qutaiba Qusay , Kasabri Violet , Akour Amal , Naffa Randa , Abu Rkhaya Samar 
Published: July 2018

Background: Paraoxonase 1 (PON1) and soluble intercellular adhesion molecule-1(sICAM-1) are intricately involved in metabolic syndrome (MetS) and type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) pathophysiology. This study aimed to investigate PON1 and sICAM-1 plasma levels in addition to correlating them with adiposity, atherogenicity and hematological indices in T2DM and MetS. Methods: This cross-sectional study composed of 28 healthy lean subjects (control), 29 normoglycemic MetS subjects and 30 MetS-Pre/T2DM. Results: The sICAM-1 levels (ng/ml) were markedly higher in the pre/diabetic MetS group (828 ± 250.37 versus controls’ 608.62 ± 184; p < 0.05). Conversely, PON1 levels (mlU/ml) were markedly lower in the pre/diabetic MetS group [252,700 (163,950, 362,800) versus controls’ 394,900 (212,550, 469,350); p < 0.05]. sICAM-1 correlated directly with all adiposity indices [conicity index (CI), waist circumference (WC), waist–hip ratio (WHR) waist-to-height (WHtR) ratio, hip circumference (HC) and body adiposity index (BAI)] in addition to the atherogenicity index of plasma (AIP). PON1 correlated negatively and significantly with CI, WC, WHR, WHtR and HC but directly with lymphocyte. Significantly, a reciprocal sICAM-1–PON1 relationship was observed in the total population ( r = −0.262, p = 0.015). Conclusion: Utility of sICAM-1 and PON1 as surrogate prognostic biomarkers and putative therapeutic targets in the management of diabetes and MetS is strongly suggested.
Comparison of the rates of stroke and acute coronary events in northern France
Authors: Cottel Dominique , Montaye Michèle , Marécaux Nadine , Amouyel Philippe , Dallongeville Jean , Meirhaeghe Aline 
Published: July 2018

Background Although stroke and acute coronary events share several risk factors, few studies have compared population-level epidemiological surveillance indicators of the two diseases in the same age range and in the same geographical area. Design The objective of the present study was to compare the rate of acute coronary events with that of stroke among inhabitants aged from 35–74 years in Northern France (Lille). Methods All incident and recurrent acute coronary events and stroke events occurring in men and women over 2008–2014 were recorded using two population-based registries with several overlapping sources of case ascertainment for hospitalised/non-hospitalised and fatal/non-fatal events. Log-linear Poisson regression models were used to compare the event and mortality rates. Results The results showed that the incident rates of acute coronary event and stroke were similar except under 60 years. In this group (35–59 years), the incident rate of acute coronary events was 1.6-fold higher than that of stroke. In contrast, the attack (incident and recurrent) rates were higher for acute coronary events than for stroke (1.5-fold; p < 0.0001) – especially in men (1.8-fold; p < 0.0001). The mortality rate was 2.2-fold higher for acute coronary events than for stroke, independent of sex and age group ( p < 0.0001), as was the case-fatality rate (1.5-fold, p < 0.0001). Conclusion In Lille, the overall acute coronary event rate was higher than the stroke rate – especially among men, due to a higher risk of incident acute coronary event under the age of 65 and a higher risk of recurrent acute coronary event in the 65–74 year-old age range. Further efforts should be devoted to primary and secondary prevention strategies after acute coronary events.
Longer Operative Time in Elderly Patients Undergoing Posterior Lumbar Fusion Is Independently Associated With Increased Complication Rate
Authors: Hersey Alicia E. , Durand Wesley M. , Eltorai Adam E. M. , DePasse J. Mason , Daniels Alan H. 
Published: July 2018

Study Design: Retrospective cohort study. Objective: To determine the effects of operative time on postoperative complications in patients age 65 and older undergoing posterior lumbar fusion. Methods: All patients age 65 and older undergoing posterior lumbar fusion were identified in the 2012 to 2015 American College of Surgeons National Surgical Quality Improvement Program database. The primary outcome measures were complications occurring up to 30 days postoperatively, including death, any complication, and complication subtypes. The primary independent variable was operative duration. Both bivariate and multivariate analyses utilized logistic regression and analyzed operative duration as a continuous variable. Statistical significance was considered P < .05. Results: A total of 4947 patients age 65 and older undergoing posterior lumbar fusion were identified. The mean operative time was 3.3 hours (SD 1.7). The overall complication rate was 13.4% (n = 665). In multivariate analysis, each incremental hour of operative time was associated with increased risk of postoperative thromboembolism (odds ratio [OR] = 1.23; 95% confidence interval [CI] = 1.10-1.37), transfusion (OR= 1.25; 95% CI = 1.18-1.32), urinary tract infection (OR = 1.21; 95% CI = 1.10-1.32), and total postoperative complications (OR = 1.22; 95% CI = 1.16-1.27). Conclusion: For patients age 65 and older undergoing posterior lumbar fusion, longer operative time is associated with greater risk for thromboembolism, transfusion, intubation, kidney injury, urinary tract infection, surgical site infection, and overall postoperative complications. This data highlights several specific complications that are influenced by operative time in older patients, and further supports the need for future protocols that seek to safely minimize operative time for posterior lumbar fusion.
Minimally Invasive 27-Gauge Vitrectomy for Coats’ Disease Retinal Detachment
Authors: Holmen Ian C. , Oakey Zackery , Raven Meisha , Hartley Christopher P. , Altaweel Michael 
Published: July 2018

Purpose: To describe the use of 27-gauge pars plana vitrectomy in the management of Coats’ disease retinal detachment. Methods: Case report of a 10-year-old female presenting with exudative retinal detachment secondary to Coats’ disease. A two-port, 27-gauge pars plana vitrectomy, with one cannula in the subretinal space, was used to drain subretinal fluid. After resolution of the retinal detachment, a laser was directed to vascular abnormalities, and intravitreal antivascular endothelial growth factor was administered. Results: At 1 year follow-up, her retinal detachment remained resolved, peripheral vision had improved, and visual acuity had stabilized. Conclusions: A 27-gauge vitrectomy can be used successfully in the treatment of exudative Coats’ detachment. The use of valved trocars allows control of intraocular pressure and simultaneous controlled extrusion of subretinal fluid, decreasing the risk of retinal incarceration.
A phosphoproteomic signature in endothelial cells predicts vascular toxicity of tyrosine kinase inhibitors used in CML
Authors: Gopal Srila , Lu Qing , Man Joshua J. , Baur Wendy , Rao Sitara P. , Litichevskiy Lev , Papanastasiou Malvina , Creech Amanda L. , DeRuff Katherine C. , Mullahoo James , Officer Adam , Egri Shawn B. , Davison Desiree , Jaffe Jacob D. , Jaffe Iris Z. 
Published: July 2018

Key Points
Newer CML kinase inhibitors increase ischemia risk and are toxic to endothelial cells where they produce a proteomic toxicity signature. This phosphoproteomic EC toxicity signature predicts bosutinib to be safe, providing a potential screening tool for safer drug development.
Outbreak report: a nosocomial outbreak of vancomycin resistant enterococci in a solid organ transplant unit
Authors: Kreidl Peter , Mayr Astrid , Hinterberger Guido , Berktold Michael , Knabl Ludwig , Fuchs Stefan , Posch Wilfried , Eschertzhuber Stephan , Obwegeser Alois , Lass-Flörl Cornelia , Orth-Höller Dorothea 
Published: July 2018

Abstract
Background
Vancomycin resistant enterococci (VRE) are an emerging problem in health care settings. The purpose of the investigation was to assess the extent of the outbreak including environmental contamination and to limit further transmission.

Methods
We used retrospective patient and laboratory data including pulse field gel electrophoresis (PFGE) typing and virulence and resistance gene analysis. For comparison of medians the Mann-Whitney and for comparison of proportions the Fisher exact tests were used.

Results
PFGE typing of VRE strains of an outbreak of 15 VRE cases in a solid transplant unit revealed that nine of the cases belonged to one identical pattern (A), which was only found twice in the environment. Eleven further positive environmental samples showed a different, but identical PFGE pattern E. Only one patient was infected with this environmental strain.
Two of nine (22.2%) PFGE A, but nine of eleven (81.2%) PFGE E samples were positive for gelatinase E (p = 0.01), which is described as enhancing biofilm production, suggesting a survival benefit for this strain on inanimate surfaces.

Conclusion
Routine disinfection was not able to stop the cluster, but after repeated enforcement of the infection prevention and control (IPC) bundle such as training, strict adherence to hand hygiene and surface disinfection no further cases were observed. We conclude that certain VRE strains predominate in the environment whereas others predominate in humans. Enforcement of the IPC bundle is essential for controlling VRE outbreaks and reducing further transmission.
Polyploidy in tissue homeostasis and regeneration
Authors: Øvrebø Jan Inge , Edgar Bruce A. 
Published: July 2018

ABSTRACT
Polyploid cells, which contain multiple copies of the typically diploid genome, are widespread in plants and animals. Polyploidization can be developmentally programmed or stress induced, and arises from either cell-cell fusion or a process known as endoreplication, in which cells replicate their DNA but either fail to complete cytokinesis or to progress through M phase entirely. Polyploidization offers cells several potential fitness benefits, including the ability to increase cell size and biomass production without disrupting cell and tissue structure, and allowing improved cell longevity through higher tolerance to genomic stress and apoptotic signals. Accordingly, recent studies have uncovered crucial roles for polyploidization in compensatory cell growth during tissue regeneration in the heart, liver, epidermis and intestine. Here, we review current knowledge of the molecular pathways that generate polyploidy and discuss how polyploidization is used in tissue repair and regeneration.