bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Length of Resuscitation for Severely Depressed Newborns
Authors: Zhang Stephanie Q. , Friedman Hayley , Strand Marya L. 
Published: June 2019

Objective Current guidelines for neonatal resuscitation suggest it may be reasonable to stop resuscitation after 10 minutes in infants born with no detectable heartbeat. This study describes the length of resuscitation provided in a cohort of profoundly compromised newborn infants.
Study Design Chart review of a regional hospital system database of newborn infants from 2010 to 2017 with a documented 10-minute Apgar score of 0 or 1.
Results From a total birth population of 49,876 infants, 172 newborns were identified. Of these, 133 infants did not receive resuscitation and died while receiving comfort care. In the 39 resuscitated infants, 15 (38%) achieved return of spontaneous circulation (ROSC) at an average of 20 minutes; 32 of these 39 newborns (82%) died within 24 hours. Average time to ROSC for survivors was 17.8 minutes. Death or severe neurologic disability at 15 to 24 months of age was present in 92% (36/39) of resuscitated infants.
Conclusion Prolonged resuscitation of newborns is rare. In this cohort, 92% died or had severe neurodevelopmental disability. Infants with ROSC received 20 minutes of resuscitation. Infants with ROSC typically did not survive beyond 24 hours unless they survived to discharge. To increase the number of infants with ROSC, continuing resuscitation beyond 10 minutes may be reasonable.
Association between Cervical Dysplasia and Adverse Pregnancy Outcomes
Authors: Lantsman Taliya , Seagle Brandon-Luke , Yang Junhua , Margul Daniel J. , Thorne-Spencer Jeanmarie , Miller Emily S. , Kocherginsky Masha , Shahabi Shohreh 
Published: June 2019

Objective The aim of this study was to determine if cervical dysplasia during pregnancy is associated with pregnancy complications, including preterm delivery and pre-eclampsia.
Study Design A retrospective cohort analyses was performed with propensity-score matching to compare complication rates between pregnant women without history of abnormal cervical cancer screening and pregnant women referred for cervical dysplasia assessment to colposcopy clinic. A composite outcome of pregnancy complications included intra-amniotic infection, preterm premature rupture of membranes, pre-eclampsia, preterm delivery, low birth weight, oligohydramnios, and intrauterine fetal demise. Complication rates were compared between women with and without cervical dysplasia using logistic regression models.
Results Overall cohort included 2,814 women, 279 of whom attended colposcopy clinic for cervical dysplasia assessment. Propensity score–matched cohort included 1,459 women, 274 of whom attended colposcopy clinic. Composite complications of pregnancy rates were not significantly different between control and colposcopy groups in both cohorts (25.3% and 29.0%, P = 0.20; 26.5% and 29.3%, P = 0.45). Dysplasia was not associated with composite pregnancy complications in overall and matched cohorts (odds ratio [OR] = 1.09, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.77–1.56) and (OR = 1.03, 95% CI: 0.72–1.49). When cervical dysplasia was determined on biopsy or colposcopy, dysplasia was not associated with complications in the overall and matched cohorts.
Conclusion Biopsy and/or colposcopy determined cervical dysplasia during pregnancy was not associated with pregnancy complications.
Do Calcium and Potassium Levels Influence Ductal Patency in Preterm Infants?
Authors: Cakir Ufuk , Tayman Cuneyt , Buyuktiryaki Mehmet , Unsal Handan , Ozer Bekmez Buse 
Published: June 2019

Abstract
Objective We investigated the relationship of serum potassium (K+) and ionized calcium (iCa2+) levels with the persistence of ductus arteriosus.
Study Design This retrospective cohort study included infants with birth weight < 1,500 g and gestational age < 32 weeks. Serum K+ and iCa2+ levels at the 1st and 48th hour of life were measured from samples. The difference between the two levels was calculated for both serum K+ (ΔK+) and iCa2+ (ΔCa2+). These values were compared between hemodynamically significant patent ductus arteriosus (hsPDA) and non-hsPDA.
Results Of 1,322 hospitalized preterm nonates, 1,196 were included in the study. Mean serum K+ levels at the 1st and 48th hour were higher and iCa2+ levels at the 1st and 48th hour were lower in hsPDA and non-hsPDA, respectively (p < 0.001). Ionized ΔCa2+ (–0.06 ± 0.13 vs. –0.02 ± 0.12 mmol/L) was higher in hsPDA (p < 0.001).
Conclusion We demonstrated that serum K+ and iCa2+ level might play a role in ductal constriction.
Performance investigation of optical wavelength conversion using a newly designed highly nonlinear ultra-flattened dispersion fibre
Authors: Selvendran S. , Sivanantharaja A. 
Published: June 2019

Abstract
We report an analysis of the wavelength conversion using a newly designed highly nonlinear ultra-flattened dispersion fibre (HN-UFF) for different signal modulation formats. A new technical solution is presented for high bit rate wideband wavelength conversion without any additional pump signals. Two-channel 80 Gb s−1 modulated signals with differential quadrature phase shift keying (DQPSK) are considered for wavelength conversion using four wave mixing (FWM) technique in a newly designed HN-UFF without additional pump signals. It is found that even when the input signal frequency spacing is increased beyond 2 THz, DQPSK modulation with carrier-suppressed return-to zero (CSRZ), or CSRZ-DQPSK, gives a better value of flattened conversion efficiency and Q factor. The impact of input power on conversion efficiency and effective flatness is also investigated. The performance parameters, such as conversion efficiency, Q factor, log of bit error rate (BER), received signal power and power penalty, are analysed.
Precision loss measurements in short lengths of optical fibre by reflectometry without using Rayleigh scattering
Authors: Gorshkov B.G. , Gorshkov G.B. , Zhukov K.M. 
Published: June 2019

Abstract
To improve accuracy of light attenuation measurements in optical fibres, especially in short ones, tens and hundreds of metres in length, we propose rejecting a conventional reflectometric approach based on Rayleigh scattering intensity measurements. To this end, we propose for the first time the use of boson peaks in Raman scattering, which, on the one hand, produce no interference effects and no related noise in reflectograms, and, on the other, lie within the C-band. Even at a fibre length as short as 50 m, the attenuation measurement error does not exceed 0.002 dB km−1. We demonstrate the possibility of compensating for the temperature variation of boson peak intensity by concurrently obtaining a reflectogram for the anti-Stokes line of the fundamental Raman band.
Control of the spectral parameters of neodymium ions in anisotropic crystals with a scheelite structure
Authors: Shilova G.V. , Sirotkin A.A. , Zverev P.G. 
Published: June 2019

Abstract
The spectral parameters of neodymium ions in anisotropic YLiF4, SrMoO4, PbMoO4, CaMoO4, SrWO4, and BaWO4 crystals with a scheelite structure are experimentally studied in the region of 1 μm. The luminescence spectra of neodymium ions at the 4F3/2 → 4I11/2 transition in these crystals exhibit pronounced polarisation dependences. It is shown that, using different orientations of the active laser element and separating a particular radiation polarisation, one can control the spectral dependence of the active medium gain, switch the laser wavelength, and create dual-wavelength lasers. A dual-wavelength Nd3+ : YLiF4 laser emitting at λ = 1047 and 1053 nm with identical linear polarisations and good temporal and spatial matching is demonstrated.
Stimulated emission of AlGaN layers grown on sapphire substrates using ammonia molecular beam epitaxy
Authors: Lutsenko E.V. , Rzheutski M.V. , Vainilovich A.G. , Svitsiankou I.E. , Nagorny A.V. , Shulenkova V.A. , Yablonskii G.P. , Alekseev A.N. , Petrov S.I. , Solov’ev Ya.A. , Pyatlitski A.N. , Zhigulin D.V. , Solodukha V.A. 
Published: June 2019

Abstract
By optimising the growth temperature of the AlGaN layers and using high-temperature AlN buffer layers, high-quality Al
x
Ga1 – x
N layers (x = 0.15, 0.21, 0.26, and 0.3) were obtained, in which stimulated emission in the UV spectral range 330 – 297 nm was implemented with the threshold intensity of excitation I
th ≈ 0.7 – 1.4 MW cm−2, respectively. It is found that the threshold value of the stimulated emission of AlGaN layers grown by molecular beam epitaxy is largely determined by the intensity of the process of thermal decomposition of GaN, which affects the surface morphology and, consequently, the amount of optical scattering loss. It is shown that no pronounced localisation of nonequilibrium charge carriers occurs in the AlGaN layers, which is manifested in the absence of a large Stokes shift and in the realisation of optical amplification at transitions in an electron-hole plasma, and also indicates a relatively homogeneous material composition.
Active region of a functionally integrated laser – modulator
Authors: Ryndin E.A. , Konoplev B.G. 
Published: June 2019

AbstractA method for the functional integration of injection lasers and modulators of generated light in a single heterostructure with spatially displaced quantum wells in the conduction and valence bands, formed by the second-type heterojunctions, is proposed. The structures and energy band diagrams of the active regions of functionally integrated lasers – modulators with amplitude and frequency modulation are considered. A physical – topological model and a technique for numerical simulation of lasers – modulators is proposed. It is shown that the maximum modulation frequencies for the proposed heterostructures, in contrast to the same frequencies implemented under pump current modulation, are not limited by the duration of transients in the laser power supply circuit and the carrier lifetime in the laser active region but are determined by the photon lifetime in the cavity.
Unfolded states under folding conditions accommodate sequence-specific conformational preferences with random coil-like dimensions
Authors: Peran Ivan , Holehouse Alex S. , Carrico Isaac S. , Pappu Rohit V. , Bilsel Osman , Raleigh Daniel P. 
Published: June 2019

Significance
The tools of structural biology afford high-resolution descriptions of folded states of proteins. However, an atomic-level description of unfolded states under folding conditions has remained elusive. Challenges arise from the pronounced conformational heterogeneity and the very low population of unfolded states under folding conditions. We have combined a series of time-resolved biophysical experiments with all-atom simulations and polymer theory to obtain a high-resolution description of unfolded ensembles under folding conditions. These unfolded states are characterized by discernible sequence-specific conformational preferences. These preferences are averaged over by conformational fluctuations, giving rise to ensemble-averaged properties that are consistent with those of canonical random coils. Our findings are relevant to understanding functional and pathological interactions involving unfolded forms of proteins.
Who stole what from whom?
Authors: Fernández-Martínez Nicolás José , Faber Pamela 
Published: June 2019

AbstractDrawing on the Lexical Grammar Model, Frame Semantics and Corpus Pattern Analysis, we analyze and contrast verbs of stealing in English and Spanish from a lexico-semantic perspective. This involves looking at the lexical collocates and their corresponding semantic categories that fill the argument slots of verbs of stealing. Our corpus search is performed with the Word Sketch tool on Sketch Engine. To the best of our knowledge, no study has yet taken advantage of the Word Sketch tool in the study of the selection preferences of verbs of stealing, let alone a semantic, cross-linguistic study of those verbs. Our findings reveal that English and Spanish verbs of stealing map out the same underlying semantic space. This shared conceptual layer can thus be incorporated into an ontology based on deep semantics, which could in turn enhance NLP tasks such as word sense disambiguation, machine translation, semantic tagging, and semantic parsing.
Is children’s wellbeing different from adults’ wellbeing?
Authors: Cormier Andrée-Anne , Rossi Mauro 
Published: June 2019

AbstractCallgeneralismabout children’s and adults’ wellbeing the thesis that the same theory of wellbeing applies to both children and adults. Our goal is to examine whether generalism is true. While this question has not received much attention in the past, it has recently been suggested that generalism is likely to be false and that we need to elaborate different theories of children’s and adults’ wellbeing. In this paper, we defend generalism against the main objections it faces and make a positive case for it.
Stochastic thermodynamics of self-oscillations: the electron shuttle
Authors: Wächtler Christopher W , Strasberg Philipp , Klapp Sabine H L , Schaller Gernot , Jarzynski Christopher 
Published: June 2019

Abstract
Self-oscillation is a phenomenon studied across many scientific disciplines, including the engineering of efficient heat engines and electric generators. We investigate the single electron shuttle, a model nano-scale system that exhibits a spontaneous transition towards self-oscillation, from a thermodynamic perspective. We analyse the model at three different levels of description: The fully stochastic level based on Fokker–Planck and Langevin equations, the mean-field (MF) level, and a perturbative solution to the Fokker–Planck equation that works particularly well for small oscillation amplitudes. We provide consistent derivations of the laws of thermodynamics for this model system at each of these levels. At the MF level, an abrupt transition to self-oscillation arises from a Hopf bifurcation of the deterministic equations of motion. At the stochastic level, this transition is smeared out by noise, but vestiges of the bifurcation remain visible in the stationary probability density. At all levels of description, the transition towards self-oscillation is reflected in thermodynamic quantities such as heat flow, work and entropy production rate. Our analysis provides a comprehensive picture of a nano-scale self-oscillating system, with stochastic and deterministic models linked by a unifying thermodynamic perspective.
Optical and electrical properties of two-dimensional anisotropic materials
Authors: Zhou Ziqi , Cui Yu , Tan Ping-Heng , Liu Xuelu , Wei Zhongming 
Published: June 2019

Abstract
Two-dimensional (2D) anisotropic materials, such as B-P, B-As, GeSe, GeAs, ReSe2, KP15 and their hybrid systems, exhibit unique crystal structures and extraordinary anisotropy. This review presents a comprehensive comparison of various 2D anisotropic crystals as well as relevant FETs and photodetectors, especially on their particular anisotropy in optical and electrical properties. First, the structure of typical 2D anisotropic crystal as well as the analysis of structural anisotropy is provided. Then, recent researches on anisotropic Raman spectra are reviewed. Particularly, a brief measurement principle of Raman spectra under three typical polarized measurement configurations is introduced. Finally, recent progress on the electrical and photoelectrical properties of FETs and polarization-sensitive photodetectors based on 2D anisotropic materials is summarized for the comparison between different 2D anisotropic materials. Beyond the high response speed, sensitivity and on/off ratio, these 2D anisotropic crystals exhibit highly conduction ratio and dichroic ratio which can be applied in terms of polarization sensors, polarization spectroscopy imaging, optical radar and remote sensing.
Comparison of tunneling currents in graphene nanoribbon tunnel field effect transistors calculated using Dirac-like equation and Schrödinger's equation
Authors: Suhendi Endi , Hasanah Lilik , Rusdiana Dadi , Noor Fatimah A. , Kurniasih Neny , Khairurrijal  
Published: June 2019

Abstract
The tunneling current in a graphene nanoribbon tunnel field effect transistor (GNR-TFET) has been quantum mechanically modeled. The tunneling current in the GNR-TFET was compared based on calculations of the Dirac-like equation and Schrödinger's equation. To calculate the electron transmittance, a numerical approach-namely the transfer matrix method (TMM)-was employed and the Launder formula was used to compute the tunneling current. The results suggest that the tunneling currents that were calculated using both equations have similar characteristics for the same parameters, even though they have different values. The tunneling currents that were calculated by applying the Dirac-like equation were lower than those calculated using Schrödinger's equation.
Electronic band structures and optical properties of atomically thin AuSe: first-principle calculations
Authors: Bai Pengxiang , Guo Shiying , Zhang Shengli , Qu Hengze , Zhou Wenhan , Zeng Haibo 
Published: June 2019

Abstract
As a large family of 2D materials, transition metal dichalcogenides (TMDs) have stimulated numerous works owing to their attractive properties. The replacement of constituent elements could promote the discovery and fabrication of new nano-film in this family. Using precious metals, such as platinum and palladium, to serve as transition metals combined with chalcogen is a new approach to explore novel TMDs. Also, the proportion between transition metal and chalcogen atoms is found not only to exist in conventional form of 1 : 2. Herein, we reported a comprehensive study of a new 2D precious metal selenide, namely AuSe monolayer. Based on density functional theory, our result indicated that AuSe monolayer is a semiconductor with indirect band-gap of 2.0 eV, which possesses superior dynamic stability and thermodynamic stability with cohesive energy up to –7.87 eV/atom. Moreover, it has been confirmed that ionic bonding predominates in Au–Se bonds and absorption peaks in all directions distribute in the deep ultraviolet region. In addition, both vibration modes dominating marked Raman peaks are parallel to the 2D plane.
The Role of the information technique in Sustainable Strategic Planning _ Nejaf Provenance as case study
Authors: Sabree Ali Amna Hussain 
Published: June 2019

Abstract
The Spatial Analysis of the Potential Development in Al Najaf province by using modern techniques as one of the planning methods that helps taking the planning decision by depending on the Planning indicators that reclaimed from the Strategic analysis and the digital Spatial interaction as real indicators for the current and subsequent stage to nominate the development substitute which achieve the strategic capacity of the development elements and its capability to exploit it better towards achieving the set goals by choosing a model of Strategic Spatial based on the development planning decisions and future forecast in maximize and exploit the opportunities also reducing the weakness points as well as using the strength points to reach the Balance, Efficiency and Justice achievement in distributing the fruits of development which contribute in achieving Sustainable development depending on the indicators of the Sustainable Strategic Planning and sustainable indicators.
Effect of sustainable palm fiber on high strength concrete properties
Authors: Aljalawi Nada M. F. 
Published: June 2019

Abstract
Date palm fiber is one of the common wastes available in the M. E. countries essentially Iraq. The aim of search to investigate the performance and effects of fiber date palm on the mechanical properties of high strength concrete, this fiber was used in three ratio 2, 4 and 6 % by vol. of concrete at ages of (7, 28, 90) days. Results demonstrated improvement in the compressive strength increased 19.2 %, 23.6%, 24.9 % for 2%, 4%, 6% of fiber respectively at age 28 days. Flexural strength increases 47.6%, 66.2%, 93.8% form (2,4,6) % of fiber respectively at age 28 days. Density increase about 0.41%, 0, 61 % 0.69 % for (2,4,6) % of fiber respectively at age 28. Absorption water decrease 7.4 %, 14.8%, 7.4% for (2,4,6) % of fiber respectively at age 28. The ideal of sustainability has stabilized the exploitation of manufacturing and agrarian trash in the unit to replace traditional item. In order to build low cost green building, requires produce new units or sustainability unit.
Value as a Criticism Strategy for Contemporary Architecture Products
Authors: Hashim Basim Hassan , Hamza Shaimaa M. 
Published: June 2019

Abstract
Value is one of the most important strategies for criticism and evaluation of architectural projects, by providing the criteria by which to select and evaluate architectural projects. Value concept of the projects varies according to the designer’s estimate of the project, and their different types of value, aesthetic, expressive, functional, technological, and sustainable based on which the project is designed. Therefore, the research aims to know the importance of value, its types, and apply them to a set of international and local architectural projects, to demonstrate the type of value used in each project, because of the lack of clarity of knowledge about the concept of value as a strategy of criticism and evaluation of projects in architectural competitions. The hypothesis of the research is the reciprocity of the choice of aesthetic, expressive, functional, technological and sustainable values in the criticism and evaluation of architectural projects. The research found that value is important in the process of selecting and evaluating architectural products and practice, through cognitive components as a criterion for choice, emotional components as a criterion for assessment, and behavioral components as a criterion for practice. The research recommended the preparation of criticism and evaluation criteria that include aesthetic, expressive, functional, technological and sustainable value indicators for evaluating projects in all departments of architecture.
Indicators for Sustainable housing
Authors: Shama Zaineb Salman , Motlak Jamal Baqir 
Published: June 2019

Abstract
With the beginning of the twenty-first century, the world is undergoing rapid changes, but adequate and affordable housing remains a concern for all countries. This requires a new understanding of housing to address pressing issues such as slum reduction, economic and social development and climate change. Housing is no longer just a roof but is now playing an important role in achieving sustainable development - as envisioned in the idea of sustainable housing. Sustainable housing provides a comprehensive framework for the form of sustainable housing policies and practical actions. Although sustainable housing is often viewed from a resource-based perspective, it is a more comprehensive approach that recognizes the multiple functions of housing as a physical and social system. Sustainable housing policies must deal with affordability, social and cultural equity and the economic impact of housing and contribute to making neighborhoods healthier and more sustainable. The study deals with a number of issues related to sustainable housing, focusing on the relationship between the concept of sustainable development and housing and the most important concepts in the recent trends in urban planning related to sustainable housing for the purpose of developing a system of indicators for evaluating housing sustainability based on the views of experts in housing and urban planning. The research assumes that housing indicators provide an important step towards sustainable housing, and indicators must be evaluated in a broad context because they are influenced by a wide range of indicators that affect the quality of life of society. The research aims to develop indicators that represent sustainable housing through local privacy, helping to bring together the linkages between housing and sustainability issues together.