bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The R-Process Alliance: Discovery of the First Metal-poor Star with a Combined r- and s-process Element Signature*
Authors: Gull Maude , Frebel Anna , Cain Madelyn G. , Placco Vinicius M. , Ji Alexander P. , Abate Carlo , Ezzeddine Rana , Karakas Amanda I. , Hansen Terese T. , Sakari Charli , Holmbeck Erika M. , Santucci Rafael M. , Casey Andrew R. , Beers Timothy C. 
Published: August 2018

Abstract
We present a high-resolution (R ∼ 35,000), high signal-to-noise ratio (S/N > 200) Magellan/MIKE spectrum of the star RAVE J094921.8−161722, a bright (V = 11.3) metal-poor red giant star with [Fe/H] = −2.2, identified as a carbon-enhanced metal-poor (CEMP) star from the RAVE survey. We report its detailed chemical abundance signature of light fusion elements and heavy neutron-capture elements. We find J0949−1617 to be a CEMP star with s-process enhancement that must have formed from gas enriched by a prior r-process event. Light neutron-capture elements follow a low-metallicity s-process pattern, while the heavier neutron-capture elements above Eu follow an r-process pattern. The Pb abundance is high, in line with an s-process origin. Thorium is also detected, as expected from an r-process origin, as Th is not produced in the s-process. We employ nucleosynthesis model predictions that take an initial r-process enhancement into account, and then determine the mass transfer of carbon and s-process material from a putative more massive companion onto the observed star. The resulting abundances agree well with the observed pattern. We conclude that J0949−1617 is the first bonafide CEMP-r + s star identified. This class of objects has previously been suggested to explain stars with neutron-capture element patterns that originate from neither the r- nor the s-process alone. We speculate that J0949−1617 formed in an environment similar to those of ultra-faint dwarf galaxies like Tucana III and Reticulum II, which were enriched in r-process elements by one or multiple neutron star mergers at the earliest times.
Characterization of the White-light Brightness of the F-corona between 5° and 24° Elongation
Authors: Stenborg Guillermo , Howard Russell A. , Stauffer Johnathan R. 
Published: August 2018

Abstract
The white-light F-corona arises from light scattered by circumsolar dust. Using weekly models of the eastern side of the F-corona between 5° and 24° elongation, we analyzed the elongation and time dependence of the brightness of its photometric axis. The models were constructed from STEREO-A SECCHI/HI-1 images taken between 2007 December and 2014 March. We found that the brightness profiles can be approximated by power laws, with the coefficients of the models depending upon the observer’s ecliptic longitude. Their variation is not symmetric with respect to the orbital nodes of the dust plane, nor is the behavior similar in the two halves of the spacecraft orbit delimited by the line of nodes. The exponents range between −2.31 and −2.35, the former occurring when the observer is at the nodes. The asymmetry observed in the behavior of the proportionality constant is indicative of the projected center of the dust cloud being offset from the Sun’s center by ∼0.4 R
⊙. The coefficients exhibit a secular variation correlated with the location of the barycenter of the solar system. We also used the HI-1 frames obtained during STEREO-A calibration rolls to model the 360° F-corona. We found that (1) its flattening index (

f
=

R

eq

/

R

pol

−
1

) decreases from ∼0.66 to ∼0.46 with decreasing elongation and (2) the isophotes’ shape can be approximated by a series of superellipses, with the superellipse index n increasing (nonlinearly) with brightness (

∼
1.54
<
n
<
∼
1.65

). Cubic extrapolation of the results below 5° elongation points to a circular F-corona below 1° elongation.
Metallicity and Kinematics of the Galactic Halo from the LAMOST Sample Stars
Authors: Liu Shuai , Du Cuihua , Newberg Heidi Jo , Chen Yuqin , Wu Zhenyu , Ma Jun , Zhou Xu , Cao Zihuang , Hou Yonghui , Wang Yuefei , Zhang Yong 
Published: August 2018

Abstract
We study the metallicity distribution and kinematic properties of 4680 A/F/G/K-type giant stars with

5 kpc selected from the LAMOST spectroscopic survey. The metallicity distribution of giant stars with

kpc can be described by a three-peak Gaussian model with peaks at [Fe/H] ∼ −0.6 ± 0.1, −1.2 ± 0.3 and −2.0 ± 0.2, corresponding to the ratio of 19%, 74%, and 7%, respectively. The [α/Fe] is used to associate the three peaks with the thick-disk, inner-halo and outer-halo components of the Galaxy. The metallicity distribution of these giant stars, which is fit with Gaussians corresponding to the three components, show a growing fraction of inner-halo components and declining fraction of the thick-disk components with increasing distance from the Galactic plane. Adopting a galaxy potential model, we also derive the orbital parameters of the sample stars, such as orbit eccentricity and rotation velocity. The peak values of derived orbital eccentricity for stars covering different metallicity regions maintain e ∼ 0.75, independent of height above the plane, within the range

15 kpc. By comparing the MDFs of stars in different rotation velocity intervals, we find that the majority of the retrograde stars are more metal-poor than the prograde stars.
Efficacy and Safety of Low-to-Moderate Dose Oral Corticosteroid Treatment in Ocular Myasthenia Gravis
Authors: Lee Yoon Gon , Kim Ungsoo Samuel 
Published: August 2018

Purpose:
To evaluate the response to corticosteroid therapy as a primary treatment for ocular myasthenia gravis.

Methods:
Patients diagnosed as having ocular myasthenia gravis by an acetylcholine receptor binding antibody test between January 2011 and September 2015 were included in the study and started receiving treatment with a corticosteroid. Patients with a blowout fracture, hyperthyroidism, diabetes mellitus, hypertension, cardiovascular disease, or history of strabismus surgery were excluded. Disappearance of diplopia and ptosis were considered a response to treatment.

Results:
Methylprednisolone therapy was administered to 29 patients (19 men and 10 women; average age: 49 ± 16.5 years) as an initial treatment. A total of 6 patients were lost to follow-up. Twenty-three of 29 patients (82.6%) were regarded as having presented a response to treatment. The average treatment duration was 3 weeks for patients responding to primary treatment. Eight patients complained of adverse effects from steroid therapy such as heartburn, insomnia, weight gain, and myalgia.

Conclusions:
A corticosteroid could be considered as an initial treatment for patients diagnosed as having ocular myasthenia gravis by an acetylcholine receptor binding antibody test.

[
J Pediatr Ophthalmol Strabismus
. 2018;55(5):339-342.]
Congenital Monocular Strabismus Fixus
Authors: Wang Kai Jie , Chang Qing Lin , Man Feng Yuan , Ding Juan , Wang Jing Hui , Xian Jun Fang , Jiao Yong Hong 
Published: August 2018

Purpose:To investigate the clinical characteristics and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) findings of the extraocular muscle and ocular motor nerves in congenital monocular strabismus fixus.Methods:The retrospective observational case series of three patients with congenital monocular strabismus fixus were reviewed between January 1, 2006, and December 31, 2016. Ophthalmologic examination and thin-sectioned MRI of the ocular motor nerve and the orbit were performed on the three patients.Results:Three patients presented with unilateral non-progressive strabismus fixus with marked limitations of movement in all directions since birth. Of the three patients, one presented with esotropia, one with a large degree of exotropia and hypertropia, and one with an almost normal primary position. All three patients had normal ocular motor nerves, but adherences among the extraocular muscles, posterior Tenon's capsule, and the globe within the muscle cone on MRI. Two patients underwent strabismus surgery, but there were no postoperative improvements in the primary position and eye movements.Conclusions:Extensive adherences among the extraocular muscles, posterior Tenon's capsule, and globe may partially explain the cause of congenital monocular strabismus fixus and why strabismus surgery was ineffective. The findings further highlight the importance of MRI in detecting and characterizing atypical forms of strabismus.[J Pediatr Ophthalmol Strabismus. 2018;55(6):363–368.]
Case Studies in Physical Therapy: Transitioning a "Hands-On" Approach into a Virtual Platform
Authors: Turner Aideen 
Published: August 2018

Technology is expanding at an unprecedented rate. Because patients value the speed and convenience of the internet, there is an increasing demand for telemedicine. Practitioners must therefore adapt their clinical skills to evolving online technologies. This paper presents a series of three case studies in which a physical therapist first assessed and treated musculoskeletal disorders via a live, secure video. The basis of the mechanical assessment was observation of movement rather than palpation. In each case, the virtual mechanical assessment identified a specific sub-classification with a directional preference. All patients reported improvements in symptoms and function in less than four visits and all maintained a reduction in symptoms after three months. Given the “hands-off” role of the evaluator, this approach can become an effective tool in the evolving healthcare platform of telerehabilitation.
Fotografia e exploração geográfica: diálogos com Gênesis, de Sebastião Salgado
Authors: D' Assunção dos Santos Lara 
Published: August 2018

Resumo
O presente artigo desenvolve-se em torno da relevância das imagens fotográficas na construção de geografias imaginativas e na produção de um forte sentimento de alteridade e nacionalidade. Inicialmente, dissertarei sobre os primeiros registros de espaços inóspitos e como tais imagens faziam parte da cultura da exploração que objetivava deter o conhecimento do mundo. A segunda parte explora brevemente a fotografia do século XX, onde há um imenso potencial de divulgação viabilizado pela imprensa. Na terceira parte, utilizarei o livro Gênesis, de Sebastião Salgado, como referência para pensar a importância de registrar e testemunhar culturas, paisagens e identidades ainda presentes no mundo.
Palavras-chave: Imagem; Fotografia; Sebastião Salgado; Exploração Geográfica

Abstract
This article develops around the relevance of photographic images in imaginative geographies in the construction and production of a strong feeling of otherness and nationality. Initially, I will discuss about first records of inhospitable spaces and as such images were part of the culture of exploration that aimed to prevent the knowledge of the world. The second part briefly explores the twentieth century photography, where there is a huge potential for disclosure made possible by the press. In the third part, I will use Genesis book, Sebastiao Salgado, as a reference to think the importance of recording and witness the cultures, landscapes and still presents identities in the world.
Keywords: Image; Photography; Sebastião Salgado; Geographical Exploration

Resumen
Este artículo se desarrolla en torno a la relevancia de las imágenes en la construcción de geografías imaginativas y producción de un fuerte sentido de la alteridad y la nacionalidad. Primero hablaré sobre los primeros registros de espacios inhóspitos y cómo estas imágenes eran parte de la cultura de la exploración que tenía como objetivo detener el conocimiento del mundo. La segunda parte explora brevemente la imagen del siglo XX, donde hay un enorme potencial para la divulgación hecha posible por la prensa. En la tercera parte utilizará el libro de Génesis, Sebastiao Salgado, como una referencia a pensar la importancia de la grabación y el testimonio de las culturas y paisajes todavía presentes identidades en el mundo.
Palabras clave: Imagen; Fotografía; Sebastião Salgado; Exploración Geográfica
Hortas escolares em Vancouver, Canadá como parte da “segunda geração” da soberania alimentar
Authors: Leopoldo de Freitas Coca Estevan , Barbosa Jr Ricardo 
Published: August 2018

Resumo
Num processo mais visível no Hemisfério Norte, porém, também presente no Hemisfério Sul, nos últimos anos tem emergido uma série de ações com o intuito de fazer dos espaços urbanos protagonistas dos sistemas alimentares locais, fato que demarca a “segunda geração” da proposta alternativa de soberania alimentar. São exemplos disso, conselhos de políticas alimentares, mercados de produtos locais, hortas e pomares urbanos e outros. Com base em tal referência, nesse texto é feita uma análise da implementação de hortas escolares em Vancouver, no Canadá, utilizando o método qualitativo. Destaca-se que, apesar de serem efetivadas em escolas públicas, os maiores responsáveis por tais inciativas são Organizações Não-governamentais (ONGs) que desenvolvem projetos de promoção da agricultura local e de educação alimentar.
Palavras-chave: Soberania alimentar; Vancouver School Board; Farm to School BC; Agricultura urbana; Hortas escolares.

Abstract
In recent years a series of actions in order to turn urban spaces into protagonists of local food systems has emerged, as part of a process that is more visible in the Northern Hemisphere – but also present in the Southern Hemisphere – a fact that marks the "second generation" of the alternative proposal of food sovereignty. Examples include food policy councils, farm markets, urban gardens, orchards and others. Based on these references, this paper offers an analysis of the implementation of school gardens in Vancouver, Canada, by using the qualitative method. It is noteworthy that, despite taking place in public schools, those most responsible for such initiatives are Non-Governmental Organizations (NGOs) that develop projects promoting local agriculture and food literacy.
Keywords: Food sovereignty; Vancouver School Board; Farm to School BC; Urban agriculture; School gardens

Resumen
Un proceso más visible en el hemisferio norte, pero también presentes en el hemisferio sur en los últimos años, es el surgimiento de una serie de acciones con el fin de hacer los espacios urbanos, los sistemas alimentarios locales, un hecho que marca la "segunda generación" de la propuesta alternativa de la soberanía alimentaria. Los ejemplos incluyen el asesoramiento a las políticas de alimentos, mercados de productos locales, jardines y huertas urbanas y otros. Con base en estas referencias, este texto presenta un análisis de la implementación de jardines en las escuelas en Vancouver, Canadá, utilizando el método cualitativo. Es de destacar que, a pesar de ser efectuado en las escuelas públicas, el más responsable de este tipo de iniciativas son las Organizaciones No Gubernamentales (ONG) que desarrollan proyectos de promoción de la agricultura local y educación alimentaria.
Palabras clave: La soberanía alimentaria; Vancouver School Board; Farm to School BC; La agricultura urbana; Las huertas escolares
“Air” on the side of caution: The importance of early recognition and intervention in Ludwig’s angina
Authors: Long Sallie M. , Demirci Talha , Kruse Stacy R. 
Published: August 2018

Ludwig’s angina is a deep neck infection of the supramylohyoid and inframylohyoid spaces. Without prompt recognition and intervention, it can progress to airway compromise with significant morbidity and mortality. Although otolaryngologists and oral surgeons are well-versed in this condition, it is vital that physicians across all specialties are knowledgeable about the presentation and basic treatment of this potentially fatal condition. Here we report a case of Ludwig’s angina in a 29-year-old male that was successfully managed with both medical and surgical intervention. We also aim to describe the presentation and treatment of Ludwig’s angina in order to increase awareness in non-surgical fields.
Exploratory investigation of region level risk factors of Ebola virus disease in West Africa
Authors: Levy Benjamin , Odoi Agricola 
Published: August 2018

Background. Ebola Virus Disease (EVD) is a highly infectious disease that has produced over 25,000 cases in the past 50 years. While many past outbreaks resulted in relatively few cases, the 2014 outbreak in West Africa was the most deadly occurrence of EVD to date, producing over 15,000 confirmed cases.
Objective. In this study, we investigated population level predictors of EVD risk at the regional level in Sierra Leone, Liberia, and Guinea.
Methods. Spatial and descriptive analyses were conducted to assess distribution of EVD cases. Choropleth maps showing the spatial distribution of EVD risk across the study area were generated in ArcGIS. Poisson and negative binomial models were then used to investigate population and regional predictors of EVD risk.
Results. Results indicated that the risk of EVD was significantly lower in areas with higher proportions of: (a) the population living in urban areas, (b) households with a low quality or no toilets, and (c) married men working in blue collar jobs. However, risk of EVD was significantly higher in areas with high mean years of education.
Conclusions. The identified significant predictors of high risk were associated with areas with higher levels of urbanization. This may be due to higher population densities in the more urban centers and hence higher potential of infectious contact. However, there is need to better understand the role of urbanization and individual contact structure in an Ebola outbreak. We discuss shortcomings in available data and emphasize the need to consider spatial scale in future data collection and epidemiological studies.
Phytochemical composition and in vitro antioxidant activities ofCitrus sinensispeel extracts
Authors: Liew Sok Sian , Ho Wan Yong , Yeap Swee Keong , Sharifudin Shaiful Adzni Bin 
Published: August 2018

BackgroundCitrus sinensispeels are usually discarded as wastes; however, they are rich sources of Vitamin C, fibre, and many nutrients, including phenolics and flavonoids which are also good antioxidant agents. This study aimed to examine phytochemical composition and antioxidant capabilities ofC. sinensispeel extracted conventionally with different methanol/water, ethanol/water, and acetone/water solvents.MethodsC. sinensispeels were subjected to extraction with 100%, 70% and 50% of methanol, ethanol, and acetone, respectively, as well as hot water extraction. Antioxidant activities of the peel extracts were examined via the 2,2-diphenylpicrylhydrazyl (DPPH) free radical scavenging activity, ferric reducing antioxidant power (FRAP) assay, and oxygen radical absorbance capacity (ORAC) assay. Total phenolic content and total flavonoid content of the extracts were measured via the Folin-Ciocalteau method and the aluminium chloride colorimetric method, respectively. Phenolic acid and organic acid composition of the peel extracts were further determined via high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) while flavonoid content was identified via ultra performance liquid chromatography (UPLC).ResultsDPPH radical scavenging activity ofC. sinensispeel extracts varied from 8.35 to 18.20 mg TE/g, FRAP ranged from 95.00 to 296.61 mmol Fe(II)/g, while ORAC value ranged from 0.31 to 0.92 mol TE/g. Significant level of association between the assays was observed especially between TPC and FRAP (R-square = 0.95,P < 0.0001). TPC of variousC. sinensispeel extracts ranged from 12.08 to 38.24 mg GAE/g, with 70% acetone/water extract (AEC) showing the highest TPC. TFC ranged from 1.90 to 5.51 mg CE/g. Extraction yield ranged from 0.33 to 0.54 g/g DW and tended to increase with increasing water concentration in the solvent. In the phytochemical investigation, five phenolic acids were identified using HPLC, including gallic acid, protocatechuic acid, 4-hydroxybenzoic acid, caffeic acid and ferulic acid. A total of five organic acids including lactic acid, citric acid, L-mallic acid, kojic acid and ascorbic acid were quantified via HPLC. In addition, concentrations of six flavonoids including catechin, epigallocatechin, vitexin, rutin, luteolin and apigenin were determined via UPLC.Discussion and ConclusionPhytochemicals including phenolics and flavonoids inC. sinensispeel extracts exhibited good antioxidant properties. Among the extracts, 70% AEC with highest TPC and high TFC content showed greatest antioxidant activity in all three assays. Different phenolic acids, organic acids and flavonoids were also identified from the extracts. This study indicated thatC. sinensispeels contained potential antioxidant compounds which could be exploited as value added products in the food industry.
Orientation-Workshop on Normative Funding for SUCs/Campuses in Region-IX and Utilization of Income Generating: An Impact Study
Authors: Remoto Jocelyn , Climaco Christopher 
Published: August 2018

The purpose of this impact study was to determine the relevant learning experiences of the ZCSPC participants in the Orientation-Workshop on Normative Funding for SUCs/Campuses in Region IX and Utilization of Income Generating and how they implemented the learning experiences, relevant to their duties and responsibilities, in the College. The qualitative research design was utilized. The purposive sampling technique was used since the respondents were the identified ZCSPC participants. The data were collected using the one-on-one interview between the respondent and the researcher. The findings revealed the following salient concerns affecting the normative funding: a.) the budget officer did not adopt the Aklan State University model policy on the use of income and opted to follow the ZCSPC's existing policy on the use of income up to the present; b.) the advice to strictly implement the PhilGEPS was adopted by the College and gradually implemented in its procurement system; c.) the workload misconceptions of the faculty members were given attention through the initial workload policy revision made by the VPTAA (2009). The Administration resorted to the hiring of visiting lecturers and the implementation of the biometric system until the faculty members fully understood the workload policy through the CHED-HEMIS guidelines on August 2013. It is recommended that ZCSPC Administration strictly follow the guidelines set by CMO No. 20, s. 2011; strictly monitor PhilGEPS postings; and fully implement the vertical articulation.
An Analysis of Pesticide Residue in Vegetables Sold In Zamboanga City, Philippines
Authors: Tahil Maisora 
Published: August 2018

Pesticide contaminations on vegetables are widespread and found to be one of the causes of food poisoning in the Philippines. The study examined the presence and determined the quantity of pesticide present in three (3) samples of vegetables sold at the Zamboanga City Public Market and Bagsakan Center, Sta. Cruz Market, Zamboanga City. Purposive random sampling was used in the selection of the three vegetable samples, which were Cabbage (Brassica oleraceaorvarcapitata Linn.), Lettuces (Lactucasativa Linn.), and Cauliflower (Brassica oleracea var. botrytis). This was analyzed at Cagayan de Oro Bureau of Plant Industry, Pesticide Analytical Laboratory. Gas Chromatography was used in the determination of the presence of pesticide residue. Three trials were conducted for each sample and the average was computed for the final result. A No Detection (ND) results the findings to all the samples, an implication that the vegetables which were sold and bought from the two public markets in Zamboanga City were free from pesticide residues. It is recommended that other fruits and vegetables may be analyzed on different kinds of pesticides considered to be systemic and non-systemic, and after a heavy rain fall. Similarly, recommended that periodic monitoring for pesticide residue and other hazardous chemicals by the appropriate agency responsible for the health and welfare of the general public.