bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Debaty w amerykańskich kampaniach prezydenckich – przykład wyborów 2016 roku
Authors: Oświecimski Konrad 
Published: November 2024

Celem artykułu jest przeanalizowanie, na przykładzie wyborów 2016 roku, roli, jaką w kampaniach prezydenckich w USA mogą odgrywać debaty. Debaty prezydenckie od czasu, gdy w 1960 roku zorganizowano pierwszą z nich, stały się spektaklami przyciągającymi przed telewizory dziesiątki milionów widzów. Występy kandydatów komentowane są w mediach na całym świecie, a komentatorzy prześcigają się w analizowaniu, kto wygrał debatę. Wydawałoby się więc, że biorąc pod uwagę całą tę otoczkę, znaczenie debat jest bardzo duże. Przykład z 2024 roku, kiedy po słabym występie w debacie Joe Biden wycofał się z wyścigu, może tę konstatację potwierdzać. Jednak gdy analizuje się kampanię 2016 roku, można z kolei dostrzec, że debaty nie przełożyły się na zmianę poparcia. Celem niniejszego artykułu jest odpowiedź na pytanie, co sprawiło, że realne znaczenie debat w 2016 roku było niewielkie, pomimo że cieszyły się one ogromnym zainteresowaniem. W artykule autor rozważa, jak fenomen debat wpasowywał się w przeszłości w kampanie wyborcze, wpływając na sondaże i wynik wyborczy, a następnie przechodzi do analizy kampanii z 2016 roku, opisując jej kontekst, przebieg debat oraz ich odbiór społeczny. Następnie, opierając się na porównaniu realiów kampanii 2016 z kampaniami wcześniejszymi, wyciąga wnioski dotyczące tego, dlaczego w przypadku kampanii 2016 roku znaczenie debat było nieduże. Autor identyfikuje dwie grupy czynników, które mogły mieć na to wpływ – czynniki strukturalne związane z ewolucją amerykańskiego systemu politycznego oraz czynniki specyficzne dla kampanii 2016 roku, czyli głównie aspekty związane z samą osobą Donalda Trumpa oraz kontekstem kampanii. Wywód prowadzony w artykule oparty jest na analizie materiałów źródłowych, w tym głównie transkryptów z debat, analizie danych statystycznych dotyczących poparcia dla kandydatów oraz literaturze przedmiotu dotyczącej komunikacji politycznej, debat i amerykańskiego systemu wyborczego.
Francesco di Giorgio, Bramante, and Leonardo: Architectural Thought on the Eve of the High Renaissance in Italy
Authors: Revzina Yulia E. 
Published: November 2024

Summary: The article examines the role of Francesco di Giorgio Martini, a 15th century Sienese architect and engineer, in the development of ideas that formed the basis of architectural thought and practice during the High Renaissance in Italy. Francesco di Giorgio, the author of the Treatise on Civil and Military Architecture, has long been neglected. One of the reasons is that his treatise was not published until the mid‑19th century. However, the illustrations to the treatise, as well as individual sketches by Francesco di Giorgio, were known to his contemporaries, as evidenced by their surviving copies from the 16th and 17th centuries. A significant part of the article is devoted to the time of Francesco di Giorgio’s work as a consultant in the Duchy of Milan in 1490. There, participating in meetings of a group of experts regarding the construction of the crossing tower of the Milan Cathedral, he met Bramante and Leonardo. By the early 90s of the 15th century, each of the masters had extensive experience in studying ancient and modern structures; moreover, Francesco di Giorgio and Bramante had considerable practical experience. Francesco di Giorgio and Leonardo created numerous architectural fantasies, in which sketches of similar designs can be found. Among Francesco di Giorgio’s architectural fantasies, probably connected with the preparation of illustrations for Vitruvius’s Ten Books on Architecture, a sheet draws attention. It depicts three centric temples, surrounded by a columned portico and covered by a dome on a relatively high drum. The composition of one of these temples anticipates the design of the Tempietto, which Bramante erected in Rome in 1502. It gave his contemporaries and followers a reason to speak about the beginning of a new era in architecture, when the skill and glory of ancient architects had been surpassed.
Bramante’s early Roman works are traditionally used by researchers to mark the beginning of the High Renaissance in Italy. The article reveals the role of architectural thought of the 1490s in the development of the new era ideas.
ON THE “CATECHISATION” OF THE THEATRE GENRE IN M. GLINKA’S WORKS. THE OPERA A LIFE FOR THE TSAR. Dedicated to the 220th Anniversary of the Composer. Essay I
Authors: Pavlova Svetlana A. 
Published: November 2024

The essay continues the discussion about the specifics of Russian musical theatre, which was started about two hundred years ago by V. Odoevsky and in which several generations of art historians have already participated. We are talking about the content of the “new direction in art”, according to Vladimir Odoevsky, which appeared and headed the world musical culture in connection with the name of the Russian genius, M. Glinka, the author of three theatrical works: the operas A Life for the Tsar (1836) and Ruslan and Lyudmila (1842) as well as music for the tragedy Prince Kholmsky (1840). Let us say in advance that the last of the named works, despite its enduring artistic value, has not yet been included in the university curriculum for training musicians. The performance of this work in concerts is also a great rarity, given that the music to the tragedy Prince Kholmsky is, in essence, the first Russian program symphony, a “symphonic miracle”, as P. Tchaikovsky called it.
In several essays, we will consider the three named works in detail: the dramaturgy of the libretto and the features of musical expression, the formation of the images of the characters. All these special issues will be studied in their relation to the Christian world-view, which has been, in our opinion, the main “marker” of Russian art at all times of its existence. This idea, although it is more and more pronounced these days, is still not assessed seriously enough in the scientific humanitarian sphere; it is considered most of all from the aesthetic side, only abstractly touching on the dramaturgy and the musical language of the works, in our case — ​operas and music for theatre. In fact, it is precisely the laws of the spiritual life of man, which underlie the world-view and behaviour of a Christian, that directly determine the logic of the theatrical action structure. Moreover, they explain the content of the libretto and music, constituting that very “novelty” designated by V. Odoevsky in connection with M. Glinka’s theatrical creative work.
Pengaruh Kondisi Oseanografi Terhadap Laju Korosi Plat Baja KI-A Di Perairan Teluk Banten Pada Musim Peralihan II
Authors: Kusuma Bayu Hendra , Yulianto Yulianto , Pranowo Widodo Setiyo 
Published: November 2024

Teluk Banten merupakan kawasan pesisir yang berkembang dengan beragam aktivitas, seperti perikanan, transportasi, pembangunan pemukiman pesisir, dan ekspansi industri. Penggunaan baja sebagai bahan utama pada kapal-kapal yang beroperasi di Teluk Banten menjadi perhatian, karena paparan air laut menyebabkan korosi pada lambung kapal. Parameter oseanografi seperti temperatur, konduktivitas, salinitas, arus, dan pasang surut memiliki pengaruh langsung terhadap laju korosi pada plat kapal. Pemahaman mengenai kondisi oseanografi sangat penting sebagai langkah untuk pengelolaan dan perlindungan wilayah pesisir dan laut. penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui laju korosi pada plat kapal pada musim peralihan II (September - November) terhadap faktor oseanografi seperti temperatur, konduktivitas, salinitas, arus, dan pasang surut di perairan Teluk Banten. Data yang digunakan berdasarkan data primer yang diperoleh dari perendaman plat baja KI-A di dermaga pulau lima perairan teluk Banten selama 28 hari (672 jam) dengan pengecekan dan pengambilan data menggunakan CTD (Conductivity Temperature and Depth), Current meter dan Tide Master selama 4 kali setiap minggu. Hasil menunjukkan bahwa waktu perendaman berperan signifikan dalam meningkatkan laju korosi, dengan perubahan visual pada spesimen dari abu-abu menjadi kehitaman dan kecoklatan, serta munculnya lubang akibat korosi pitting. Berat spesimen mengalami penurunan sebesar 1,260 gram setelah perendaman. Kondisi arus maksimum sebesar 0,18 m/s dan arus pasut maksimum 0,17 m/s yang bergerak dari arah barat laut, serta pasut dengan tipe campuran condong harian ganda pada musim peralihan II (September-Oktober 2024), laju korosi pada spesimen baja KI-A tercatat sebesar 0,4270 mmpy dalam kurun waktu 672 jam perendaman. Hasil ini memberikan pandangan mendalam tentang hubungan antara faktor oseanografi dan laju korosi pada struktur baja di perairan Teluk Banten.
Experiences of men undergoing prostate cancer screening at a hospital in Gauteng, South Africa
Authors: Komane Boitumelo M. , Mosalo Anna 
Published: November 2024

Background: Prostate cancer is a global concern and a leading cause of death among men. Screening for prostate cancer is crucial for early detection and to mitigate advanced disease and high-cost treatments. However, men are not well informed about the disease and tend not to be supported during prostate cancer screening.Aim: The aim of the study was to explore the experiences of men undergoing prostate cancer screening at a hospital in Gauteng province, South Africa.Setting: The study was conducted at a tertiary care hospital in Gauteng province.Methods: A qualitative exploratory research design was followed. A convenient sampling method was used and the data were collected through in-depth interviews conducted with 19 participants. The data were analysed using thematic analyses.Results: Three themes were generated, namely: (1) prostate cancer knowledge, (2) screening influencers and (3) support needs.Conclusion: The insights from the study underscore the need for improved management of discomfort and pain during screening (including education) and emotional support, as well as considering poor uptake and the high prevalence of prostate cancer among black men.Contribution: The study highlights the importance of informing men about the prostate cancer screening process to gain their cooperation, including the management of discomfort and pain, and to provide a support person during the process while addressing the high prevalence of the disease among black men.
Revolution of South African public procurement in the Industry 4.0 era
Authors: Mojaki Lawrence M. , Tuyikeze Tite , Ndlovu Nkanyiso K. 
Published: November 2024

Background: Public procurement in South Africa is challenged by conventional methods that pave the way for human interference resulting in fraud and corruption, delays, unaccountability and poor performance of the value chain in the procurement process.Objectives: This study aimed to investigate the Industry 4.0 capabilities for public procurement improvement. To address the challenges presented by the traditional manual procurement systems, the study embarked on a transformative journey by identifying the prospects and benefits of Industry 4.0 technologies in public procurement in South Africa, and the significance and application thereof.Method: The study followed a six-step qualitative research methodology of content and thematic analysis which facilitated an understanding of the procurement process in South Africa and how it can be automated using Industry 4.0 technologies.Results: The study revealed that Industry 4.0 technologies are crucial as they present digitalisation opportunities through platforms such as e-design, e-inform, e-sourcing, e-evaluation and e-contract. The platform will improve the process, encourage legislation compliance and achieve its goals as outlined in the constitution and Public Finance Management Act of 1996.Conclusion: Implementing digital procurement will assist the government in achieving its policy requirements of value for money, open and effective competition, ethics and fair dealings, accountability and reporting, and equity. The technologies represent a strategic response to the challenges facing public procurement.Contribution: The study contributed to the body of knowledge by presenting the prospects and benefits of Industry 4.0 technologies. In addition, it highlighted the significance and application to the South African public sector.
Laparoscopic anatomical SVIII resection via middle hepatic fissure approach: Caudal or cranio side
Authors: Peng Jian-Xin , Li Hui-Long , Ye Qing , Mo Jia-Qiang , Wang Jian-Yi , Liu Zhang-Yuanzhu , He Jun-Ming 
Published: November 2024

BACKGROUND
Laparoscopic hepatectomy is a proven safe and technically feasible approach for liver tumor resection, but laparoscopic anatomical SVIII resection (LASVIIIR) remains rarely reported due to poor accessibility, difficult exposure, and the deep-lying Glissonean pedicle. This study examined the safety, feasibility, and perioperative outcomes of LASVIIIR via a middle hepatic fissure approach at our institution.
AIM
To investigate the safety, feasibility, and perioperative outcomes of LASVIIIR via a middle hepatic fissure approach at our institution.
METHODS
From November 2017 to December 2022, all patients with a liver tumor who underwent LASVIIIR were enrolled. The perioperative outcomes and postoperative complications were evaluated.
RESULTS
Thirty-four patients underwent LASVIIIR via a middle hepatic fissure approach from the side or cranio side and were included. The mean operation time was 164 ± 54 minutes, and the intra-operative blood loss was 100 mL (range: 20-1000 mL). The mean operative times were, respectively, 152 ± 50 minutes and 222 ± 29 minutes (P = 0.001) for the caudal side and cranial side approaches. In addition, the median blood loss volumes were 100 mL (range: 20-300 mL) and 250 mL (range: 20-1000 mL), respectively, for the caudal and cranial sides (P = 0.064). Three patients treated using the cranial side approach experienced bile leakage, while 1 patient treated using the caudal side approach had subphrenic collection and underwent percutaneous drainage to successfully recover. There were no differences regarding postoperative hospital stays for the caudal and cranial side approaches [9 (7-26) days vs 8 (8-19) days] (P = 0.226).
CONCLUSION
LASVIIIR resection remains a challenging operation, but the middle hepatic fissure approach is a reasonable and easy-to-implement technique.
Analysis of the efficacy and safety of endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography for the treatment of pediatric pancreatobiliary diseases
Authors: Wang Xue-Qi , Kong Chi-Huan , Ye Mao , Diao Mei 
Published: November 2024

BACKGROUND
Traditional surgical procedures are highly invasive and risky for children with pancreatic and biliary diseases. Endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography (ERCP) has been used mostly in adults because it is a safe and effective surgical procedure. Its application in children will contribute to the treatment and prognosis of children with pancreatic and biliary diseases.
AIM
To analyze the efficacy and safety of ERCP for the treatment of pediatric pancreatobiliary diseases.
METHODS
A retrospective study was performed using the medical records of 101 pediatric patients who received treatment for pancreatobiliary diseases at Children’s Hospital Capital Institute of Pediatrics from April 2022 to April 2024. The patients were divided into an observation group (n = 52, treated with ERCP) and a control group (n = 49, treated with traditional surgical methods). Diagnostic and therapeutic outcomes of ERCP were statistically analyzed. Treatment efficacy, time to resume eating, and hospital stay duration were compared between the two groups. Indicators of liver function were monitored preoperatively and one week postoperatively. Dynamic changes in C-reactive protein (CRP) and serum amylase levels were assessed preoperatively and at 6 and 24 hours postoperatively. Postoperative complications were also compared. Logistic multivariate regression was used to analyze the independent effect of ERCP on outcomes.
RESULTS
For the observation group, 36 and 16 patients were diagnosed with biliary and pancreatic diseases, respectively. Compared with the control group, the observation group exhibited a higher overall effective rate (P < 0.05), shorter times to resume eating, shorter hospital stays (P < 0.05), and significantly improved postoperative liver function (P < 0.05). CRP and serum amylase levels were significantly increased in both groups at 6 and 24 hours postoperatively (P < 0.05), but were significantly lower in the observation group (P < 0.05). The observation group also had a lower incidence of complications (P < 0.05). ERCP was an independent factor affecting treatment efficacy, length of hospital stay, total bilirubin, aspartate aminotransferase, and alanine aminotransferase, CRP, serum amylase, and the occurrence of complications in children with pancreaticobiliary diseases (P < 0.05).
CONCLUSION
ERCP effectively enhances the treatment efficacy of pediatric pancreatobiliary diseases, with a reduced inflammatory response, faster postoperative recovery, and fewer complications. ERCP is a safe and effective diagnostic and therapeutic method for pediatric pancreatobiliary diseases.
Robotic-assisted Kasai portoenterostomy for child biliary atresia
Authors: Xing Guo-Dong , Wang Xian-Qiang , Duan Lian , Liu Gang , Wang Zheng , Xiao Yuan-Hong , Xia Qiao , Xie Hua-Wei , Shen Zhou , Yu Zhen-Zhu , Huang Liu-Ming 
Published: November 2024

BACKGROUND
The Kasai procedure (KPE) is an important treatment for biliary atresia (BA), the most common cause of neonatal obstructive jaundice.
AIM
To investigate the efficacy of robotic-assisted Kasai portoenterostomy (RAKPE) in patients with BA.
METHODS
Clinical data of 10 patients with BA who underwent RAKPE at the Seventh Medical Center of the People's Liberation Army General Hospital between December 2018 and December 2021 were retrospectively analyzed. One patient underwent Open Kasai portoenterostomy (OKPE) due to intraoperative bleeding. Consequently, nine patients were included in this study. Fifty-two patients who underwent OKPE during the same period served as the control group. Preoperative and postoperative biochemical indexes, surgery-related indexes, and postoperative clearance of jaundice (CJ) were recorded and statistically analyzed.
RESULTS
RAKPE was successfully completed in all nine patients, with an average total operative time of 352.2 minutes (including intraoperative cholangiography). Milk feeding resumed on an average 9.89 days postoperatively, and the average time of drainage tube removal was 18.11 days. All patients were followed up for 6 months to 2 years. The liver function indicators and bilirubin levels in 8 patients returned to normal within 3 months after surgery. Three patients developed recurrent cholangitis after discharge, with elevated white blood cell counts, liver function indicators, and bilirubin levels, requiring hospitalization for intravenous antibiotic treatment. The duration of cholangitis ranged from 5 to 8 months post-surgery. To date, no subsequent cases of cholangitis have occurred. All patients have normal liver function and bilirubin levels, with no intrahepatic bile duct dilatation on ultrasonography. Statistical analysis comparing these indicators with those of patients who underwent OKPE showed that the RAKPE group had longer operative times and postoperative drainage tube removal durations. However, there were no significant differences in intraoperative blood loss, postoperative oral milk intake resumption, postoperative hospital stay, or CJ at 3 months post-surgery.
CONCLUSION
RAKPE is technically feasible, safe, and effective for treating BA. Once the technique is mastered, RAKPE may achieve CJ outcomes comparable to those of OKPE.
Comparative analysis of conventional laparoscopic surgery and single-incision laparoscopic surgery in gastric cancer treatment: Outcomes and prognosis
Authors: Cao Ce , Tian Xue , Wang Xue-Zhao , Wang Qing 
Published: November 2024

BACKGROUND
Gastric cancer surgery has advanced with minimally invasive techniques. This study compares outcomes between single-incision laparoscopic surgery plus one port (SILS + 1) and conventional laparoscopic surgery (CLS) in treating gastric cancer.
AIM
To explore the curative effect of SILS + 1 and CLS on gastric cancer and their influences on prognosis.
METHODS
A total of 93 patients with gastric cancer undergoing radical gastrectomy in the hospital were retrospectively analyzed between September 2019 and September 2022. According to different surgical methods, they were divided into SILS + 1 group (n = 56) and CLS group (n = 37). The perioperative indexes, pain degree [visual analogue scale (VAS)] and stress response [C-reactive protein (CRP), white blood cell count (WBC)] in the two groups were compared. The postoperative complications, recurrence rate and mortality at 1 year after surgery were recorded.
RESULTS
Intraoperative blood loss was significantly lower in the SILS + 1 group (76.53 ± 8.12 mL) compared to the CLS group (108.67 ± 12.34 mL, P < 0.001), and the total incision length was also significantly shorter in the SILS + 1 group (5.29 ± 1.01 cm vs 9.45 ± 2.34 cm, P < 0.001). SILS + 1 patients experienced faster recovery, with shorter times to first flatus (1.94 ± 0.43 days vs 3.23 ± 0.88 days, P < 0.001) and ambulation (2.76 ± 0.58 days vs 4.10 ± 0.97 days, P < 0.001). Postoperative pain, as measured by VAS scores, was significantly lower in the SILS + 1 group on postoperative days 1, 2, and 3 (P < 0.001). Additionally, stress markers (CRP and WBC) were significantly lower in the SILS + 1 group on the first postoperative day (CRP: 6.41 ± 1.63 mg/L vs 7.82 ± 1.88 mg/L, P < 0.001; WBC: 6.34 ± 1.50 × 109/L vs 7.09 ± 1.61 × 109/L, P = 0.024). The complication rate in the SILS + 1 group was also significantly lower than in the CLS group (8.93% vs 27.03%, P = 0.020). However, there was no significant difference in recurrence rates between the two groups after one year (3.57% vs 8.11%, P > 0.05).
CONCLUSION
SILS + 1 and CLS have the comparable lymph node clearance effect in patients with gastric cancer. However, SILS + 1 is more beneficial to reduce intraoperative blood loss, relieve pain, alleviate stress response, reduce the incidence of complications and promote rapid postoperative recovery.
Recurrent small intestinal perforation from gastric mucosal heterotopia: A case report
Authors: Li Zhi-Wang , Jiang Tao-Feng , Yang Cheng-Kun , Xu Zhi-Jie , Zhu Wen-Biao , Li En 
Published: November 2024

BACKGROUND
Gastric mucosal heterotopia (GMH) is a rare, typically asymptomatic condition characterized by ectopic gastric mucosa in tissues outside the stomach. However, it can lead to severe complications, including small intestinal perforation. This case report highlights the unique clinical presentation of GMH-induced recurrent small intestinal perforations, which has been rarely documented. These findings emphasize the importance of considering GMH in patients with unexplained recurrent gastrointestinal perforations.
CASE SUMMARY
A 13-year-old female presented with acute abdominal pain. Her medical history included four prior surgeries for small intestinal perforations. Enhanced computed tomography revealed localized bowel thickening and perforation, prompting emergency surgery. A 20 cm segment of the ileum was resected and anastomosed. Pathological analysis confirmed extensive GMH with ulceration and perforation, identifying GMH as the cause of the recurrent perforations. Postoperatively, the patient recovered well with no recurrence by the 10-month follow-up.
CONCLUSION
GMH should be considered in cases of recurrent unexplained intestinal perforations.