bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Aplikasi Teknik Embriogenesis Somatik dan Krioterapi untuk Eliminasi Virus SCSMV pada Tanaman Tebu
Authors: Roostika Ika , Hartono Sedyo , Sukmadjaja Deden 
Published: February 2018

<p>Penggunaan benih bebas virus menjadi salah satu cara pengendalian penyakit virus yang efektif. Beberapa macam teknik kultur jaringan dilaporkan mampu mengeliminasi virus dalam jaringan tanaman. Tujuan penelitian adalah untuk mengetahui tingkat efikasi teknik embriogenesis somatik dan krioterapi dalam mengeliminasi virus SCSMV pada tanaman tebu. Bahan tanaman yang digunakan adalah tiga varietas tebu (PS862 asal Cirebon, PS881 asal Jember, dan PSJK922 asal Malang) yang terinfeksi virus SCSMV. Induksi kalus dilakukan dengan menggunakan media MS yang ditambah dengan 2,4-D 3 mg/l dan kasein hidrolisat 3 g/l. Terdapat tiga macam perlakuan subkultur (SK0, SK1, dan SK2). Regenerasi embrio somatik dilakukan pada media MS dengan penambahan BA 0,3 mg/l, IBA 0,5 mg/l, dan PVP 100 mg/l. Teknik krioterapi yang diterapkan adalah vitrifikasi dengan tahapan prakultur menggunakan sukrosa 0,3 M selama 3 hari, <em>loading</em> dengan larutan LS selama 10 menit, dehidrasi dengan larutan PVS2 selama 40 menit, pembekuan jaringan dalam nitrogen cair selama 1 jam, <em>deloading</em> dengan larutan RS selama 30 menit, pemulihan dan regenerasi. Indeksing virus dilakukan secara RT-PCR menggunakan primer spesifik SCSMV. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa ketiga varietas mampu membentuk kalus embriogenik dan embrio somatik, baik tanpa atau dengan melalui proses subkultur. Di antara tiga varietas yang diuji, hanya PS862 asalCirebon yang mampu bertahan hidup pasca-perlakuan krioterapi. Teknik embriogenesis somatik gagal mengeliminasi virus SCSMV walaupun telah dilakukan subkultur hingga dua kali. Teknik krioterapi memiliki tingkat efikasi sebesar 33,3% dalam mengeliminasi virus SCSMV. </p>
Gene Duplication to Reveal Adaptation Clue of Plant to Environmental Stress: A Case Study of NBS-LRR Genes in Soybean
Authors: Lestari Puji , Lee Suk-Ha , Tasma I Made , Asadi Asadi 
Published: February 2018

<p><strong>Gene duplication to reveal adaptation </strong><strong>clue</strong><strong> of plant to environmental stress: A case study of NBS-LRR genes in soybean. <em>Puji Lestari, Suk-Ha Lee</em></strong><strong><em>, I Made Tasma</em></strong><strong><em>, </em></strong><strong><em>and </em></strong><strong><em>Asadi</em></strong><strong>. </strong>Adaptive strategies of plant to stress are fine-tuned by adjusting several activities including molecular mechanism which involve duplicated genes responsive to environmental changes. Genes responsive to the environmental stresses which are retained after small scale duplication are part of plant genome duplication. However, less information of duplicated genes could be adaptive to environmental changes in plant. This review presents an overview of duplication events in plant genomes which impact to gene duplication in relation to environmental changes, gene duplication as an adaptation mechanism, a case of duplicated nucleotide binding site-<em>leucine</em>-<em>rich</em> repeat (NBS-LRR) genes in soybean, and the gene duplication implementation for plant breeding in Indonesia. Notably, genome duplication events generate gene duplication and contribute to adaptive evolution against environmental changes. Generalization of plants to adapt the stressful conditions also probably improves our understanding of gene duplication as a mechanism of adaptation. Several recently duplicated NBS-LRR genes in soybean retain disease resistance QTL and the differential expression convince their contribution to biotic stress resistance in soybean. Proposed models of NBS-LRR genes duplication process may help to understand these genes response to the environmental changes. The duplication of genes resistant to pest/disease particularly NBS-LRR provides important information to select breeding parents and develop molecular markers related to desease resistance to genetically improve soybean in Indonesia. Overall, it may therefore be possible to enhance breeding which targets on genes tolerance/resistance to abiotic/biotic stress, and provide a molecular basis for crop-stress protection strategy and more improved soybean varieties specified for harsh environment.</p>
Modelos estadísticos para el tratamiento de la jerarquía y de la simultaneidad
Authors: Hernández Sanjaime Rocío 
Published: February 2018

Las limitaciones de los modelos estadísticos clásicos para reproducir de forma realista la complejidad de problemas en los que los datos están estructurados jerárquicamente o existe endogeneidad causada por la simultaneidad entre variables hace necesario el uso nuevas herramientas metodológicas. Como medio para solucionar estas dificultades, se dispone en la actualidad de los modelos multinivel y de los modelos de ecuaciones simultáneas, que permiten el tratamiento estadístico de la jerarquía y de la simultaneidad, respectivamente. Sin embargo, modelizar problemas en los que aparecen datos estructurados jerárquicamente y simultaneidad entre variables al mismo tiempo es todavía una asignatura pendiente. Este trabajo pretende proporcionar una visión general de estos modelos estadísticos y mostrar la aportación y ventajas que supone su uso, así como un resumen de los principales métodos de comparación y selección del mejor modelo en estos casos. Por último, se incluye una síntesis de futuras líneas de investigación surgidas en este campo.
Líneas de mejora para combatir el 2,4,6 – tricloroanisol en los vinos
Authors: Jover Sánchez María 
Published: February 2018

Los tapones de corcho por sus múltiples cualidades están considerados como el mejor material para el cerramiento de botellas de vino. El inconveniente, es la posibilidad de que el zuro pueda transferir 2,4,6 tricloroanisol (TCA) al vino. El TCA le aporta un olor nada deseable a corcho al vino. Para solventar este problema están en marcha diversas líneas de investigación, la primera versa sobre la esterilización del corcho con un tratamiento a base de dióxido de azufre; la segunda por irradiación con rayos gamma para eliminar el TCA de los tapones de corcho, y para finalizar se abordará la cromatografía de gases con la cual detectan y descartan aquellos tapones de corcho que contengan TCA, dentro de una cadena de producción.
Extraction, Identification and Biological Activities of Saponins in Sea Cucumber Pearsonothuria graeffei
Authors: Khattab Rafat Afifi , Elbandy Mohamed , Lawrence Andrew , Paget Tim , Rae-Rho Jung , Binnaser Yaser S. , Ali Imran 
Published: February 2018

Aims and Objectives: Secondary metabolism in marine organisms produces a diversity of
biologically important natural compounds that are not present in terrestrial species. Sea cucumbers
belong to the invertebrate Echinodermata and are famous for their nutraceutical, medical and food
values. They are known for possession triterpenoid glycosides (saponins) with various ecological
roles. The current work aimed to separate, identify and test various biological activities (antibacterial,
antifungal, antileishmanial and anticancer properties) of saponins produced by the
holothurian Pearsonothuria graeffei from the Red Sea, Egypt.

Materials and Methods:
The structures were identified by 1D and 2D NMR (1H, 13C, TOCSY,
COSY, HSQC, HMBC, and ROESY) experiments and acid hydrolysis. The crude and purified
fractions was analyzed using matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization mass spectrometry
(MALDI-MS)/MS to identify saponins and characterize their molecular structures. Partially purified
fraction, mainly containing compounds 1 and 2, was screened for its antifungal activity against three
clinical isolates of Candida albicans (Candida 580 (1), Candida 581(2) and Candida MEO47228.
Antileishmanial activity against Leishmania major and toxicity on colon cell-line were also
evaluated.

Results:
Two lanostane type sulfated triterpene monoglycosides were isolated from the Holothurian
Pearsonothuria graeffei from the Red Sea, Egypt. Holothurin A (1) and echinoside A (2) triterpene
saponins were separated by reversed phase semi-preparative HPLC. LC50 values (µg/mL); calculated
for the fraction containing saponins 1 and 2 as major constituents; against Candida albicans,
Leishmania major and colon cell-line were 10, 20 and 0.50, respectively.

Conclusion:
Consequently, this study demonstrated the potential use of sea cucumber
Pearsonothuria graeffei not only as appreciated functional food or nutraceuticals but also as the
source of functional ingredients for pharmaceutical products with antifungal, antileishmanial and
anticancer properties.
Categorization & Recognition of Lung Tumor Using Machine Learning Representations
Authors: Reddy Ummadi Janardhan , Ramana Reddy Busi Venkata , Reddy Boddi Eswara 
Published: February 2018

Background:
Lung Cancer is the disease spreading around the world nowadays. Early
recognition of lung disease is a difficult task as the cells which cause tumor will grow quickly and
the majority of these cells are enclosed with each other. From the beginning of the treatment, tumor
detection handling systems which are generally utilized for the diagnosis of lung cancer,
recognizable proof of hereditary and ecological elements is imperative in creating a novel
technique for lung tumor detection. In different cancers, for example, lung cancer, the time calculated
is imperative to find the anomaly issue in target images.

Methods:
In this proposed framework, GLCM (Gray Level Co-event Matrix) is utilized for
preprocessing of images and to feature extraction procedures to check the condition of the patient
whether it is ordinary or irregular. Surface-based elements, for example, GLCM (Gray Level
Co-event Matrix) features assume a vital part of remedial image examination which is utilized for
the identification of Lung cancer. In the event that lung cancer is effectively distinguished and anticipated
in its initial stages, it lessens numerous treatment choices and furthermore, decreases the
danger of intrusive surgery and increment survival rate.
</P><P>
Results & Conclusion: The proposed method will efficiently identify the position of the tumor in
lungs using the probability framework. This will offer a promising outcome for recognition and
diagnosis of lung cancer. In this manuscript, GLCM features are used for the prediction of lung
tumor and tests are performed for performance analysis in comparison with the histogram and
GLCM features, in which GLCM features are accurate in predicting lung tumor even if it takes
more time than histogram features. In this manner, early discovery and probability of lung cancer
should assume a crucial task in finding a procedure and furthermore, an increment in the survival
rate of the patient. This exploration investigates machine learning systems which consider quality
articulation, to perceive cancer or to identify lung cancer.
Transosseous Suture Fixation of True 4-part Valgus Impacted Fractures of the Proximal Humerus: Clinical and Radiological Outcome in 49 Patients
Authors: Panagopoulos Andreas , Tatani Irini , Yannis Seferlis , Aikaterini Bavelou , Kouzelis Antonis , Tyllianakis Minos , Dimakopoulos Panayotis 
Published: February 2018

Background:
The valgus-impacted (VI) 4-part fractures are a subset of fractures of the proximal humerus with a unique anatomic configuration characterized by a relatively lower incidence of avascular necrosis after operative intervention.

Objectives:
The present study reports the midterm clinical and radiological results of a large series of consecutive patients with 4-part VI fractures treated with a minimal invasive technique of internal fixation.

Methods:
Over a ten-year period (2004-2014), we treated 56 patients with a true 4-part valgus impacted fracture of the proximal part of the humerus. Four patients were lost to follow-up and three died, leaving 49 patients (33 female, 16 males, average age 60,1 years) available for the study. Fracture fixation was achieved through the lateral transdeltoid approach with transosseous suturing of the tuberosities to each other, to the metaphysis and to the articular part of the humeral head avoiding gross disimpaction of the humeral head from the valgus position. Functional outcome assessment was performed using the parameters of the Constant-Murley score within a mean follow up period of 43,8 months (range, 24 to 115 months).

Results:
All fractures were united within the first 3 months except one that showed late displacement and finally nonunion. The median Constant score was 81,7 points and the functional score in comparison with the unaffected shoulder was 86.2%. There were three patients with total Avascular Necrosis (AVN) of the head revised to hemiarthroplasty. The nonunion case was revised to reverse shoulder arthroplasty 12 months after surgery. In five cases, absorption of the greater tuberosity was noted in the last radiographic control without any serious consequences to the shoulder function.

Conclusion:
Advantages of this minimally invasive technique can be summarized as shorter operative time, no use of hardware, minimal soft tissue damage, low incidence of avascular necrosis, stable osteosynthesis with “tension band effect” and adequate rotator cuff repair allowing for early joint motion.
Precision Medicine Approaches to Cancer Diagnosis and Treatment: Focus on Cancer Stem Cell Biomarkers
Authors: Rygiel Katarzyna 
Published: February 2018

Background:Recent research evidence has revealed that cancer cells contain a subpopulation of cancer stem cells (CSCs) that can remain even after traditional oncology therapies (e.g.: surgical resection of a tumor, radiation therapy (RT), and chemotherapy (ChT)), and can subsequently regenerate the original tumor or metastases, which are resistant to standard anticancer treatments. Such a resistance can be activated in various CSC populations,viadifferent signal transduction pathways.Conclusion:The signaling pathways (e.g.: NANOG, Wnt/β-catenin, Hedgehog, Notch, signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 (STAT 3), and phosphoinositide 3-kinase (PI3K)) play a crucial role in the CSCs, leading to tumorigenesis and metastatic spread. Therefore, their detailed analysis, including innovative biomarkers, is necessary to develop the effective, novel therapies that will specifically target CSCs, in patients with aggressive cancers. This review briefly outlines the concept of CSCs, and key components of CSC dysregulation in the signaling pathways. Furthermore, it describes some innovative strategies, such as: Single-Cell Sequencing (SCS), Circulating Tumor Cells (CTCs), Disseminated Tumor Cells (DTCs), cell-free DNA (cfDNA), and circulating tumor DNA (ctDNA) that may have critical importance in the detection, early diagnosis, prognosis and monitoring of patients with various, difficult to treat malignancies (e.g.: breast or gastrointestinal cancers). It also focuses on some barriers to achieving the clinical management goals (for both patients with cancers and the interdisciplinary treatment teams), as well as suggests some solutions, how to overcome them, in personalized oncology approaches.
Kontribusi fisik dan teknik terhadap keterampilan dribbling atlet bolabasket putri junior Kabupaten Gunungkidul
Authors: Pratama Chrissandy Yudha , Sutopo Panggung 
Published: February 2018

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui kontribusi kondisi fisik dan teknik terhadap keterampilan menggiring bola (dribbling) atlet bolabasket putri junior di Kabupaten Gunungkidul. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode Partial least Square (PLS). Data dikumpulkan menggunakan tes pengukuran dan rubrik. Tes pengukuran digunakan untuk mengukur faktor kondisi fisik yang terdiri atas 6 item dan tes keterampilan dribbling, kemudian rubrik digunakan untuk mengukur penilaian teknik. Teknik analisis data penelitian ini menggunakan ANAVA. Uji prasyarat analisis data menggunakan uji normalitas, uji linieritas dan uji multikolinieritas yang menggunakan program SMART PLS. Hasil penelitian adalah sebagai berikut: (1) kontribusi faktor fisik terhadap dribbling atlet bolabasket putri junior Gunungkidul sebesar 21%, (2) kontribusi faktor teknik terhadap dribbling atlet bolabasket putri junior Gunungkidul sebesar 55%, dan (3) kontribusi kondisi fisik dan teknik terhadap dribbling atlet bolabasket putri junior Gunungkidul sebesar 45,5%.Kata Kunci: faktor kondisi fisik, teknik, dribbling, bolabasket. THE CONTRIBUTION OF PHYSICAL AND TECHNIQUES TO THE DRIBBLING SKILLS OF JUNIOR WOMAN BASKETBALL ATHLETES IN GUNUNGKIDUL AbstractThis research aims to find out the contribution of physical condition and techniques to the dribbling skills of junior woman basketball athletes in Gunungkidul. This research was used the Partial least Square (PLS) method. Measurement test was used to measure the physical condition factor consisting of 6 items and dribbling skills, then the rubric was used to measure techniques. The data analysis techniques used ANOVA. Prerequisite test data analysis used normality test, linearity and multicollinearity test that used SMART PLS program. The results of the research show that: (1) the contribution of the physical factors to the dribbling skills of junior woman basketball athletes in Gunungkidul is 0.210 at 21%, (2) the contribution of the technical factors to the dribbling skills of junior woman basketball athletes in Gunungkidul is 0.550 at 55%, and (3) the contribution of the physical condition factors and technique to the dribbling skills of junior woman basketball athletes in Gunungkidul is 0.455 at 45.5%.Keywords: factors of physical condition, technique, dribbling, basketball.
Pengaruh metode latihan dan daya tahan otot tungkai terhadap hasil peningkatan kapasitas VO2Max pemain bola basket
Authors: Prakoso Gregorius Pito Wahyu , Sugiyanto Fx 
Published: February 2018

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui: (1) perbedaan pengaruh metode circuit training dan metode interval training terhadap hasil peningkatan kapasitas VO2Max bola basket (2) perbedaan hasil peningkatan kapasitas VO2Max bola basket yang memiliki daya tahan otot tungkai tinggi dan daya tahan otot tungkai rendah terhadap hasil peningkatan kapasitas VO2Max bola basket, dan (3) interaksi antara metode latihan dan daya tahan otot tungkai terhadap hasil peningkatan kapasitas VO2Max bola basket. Metode penelitian ini menggunakan eksperimen dengan rancangan faktorial 2 x 2. Sampel penelitian ini 20 anak didik yang diambil dengan teknik Purposive Sampling. Teknik analisis data menggunakan ANAVA. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa: (1) tidak ada perbedaan pengaruh yang signifikan antara latihan dengan menggunakan metode latihan circuit training dan metode latihan interval training terhadap hasil peningkatan kapasitas VO2Max bola basket, (2) ada perbedaan yang signifikan hasil peningkatan kapasitas VO2Max bola basket antara anak didik yang memiliki daya tahan otot tungkai tinggi dan daya tahan otot tungkai rendah, (3) tidak ada interaksi antara metode latihan (circuit training dan interval training) dan daya tahan otot tungkai terhadap hasil peningkatan kapasitas VO2Max bola basket.Kata Kunci: circuit training dan interval training, daya tahan otot tungkai, hasil peningkatan kapasitas VO2Max The Effects of Endurance Training Methods and Limb Muscle on VO2Max Capacity Basketball Player AbstractThis study aims to determine: (1) differences in the influence of methods of circuit training and interval method of training on the increase in capacity VO2Max basketball (2) the difference of increase in capacity VO2Max basketball resilient tall limb muscle and muscular endurance leg lower the increase in capacity VO2Max basketball, and (3) the interaction between exercise and limb muscle endurance against the increase in capacity VO2Max basketball. This research method used experiments with 2 x 2 factorial design study. The research sample of 20 children trained were taken with purposive sampling technique. Data were analyzed using analysis of variants (ANOVA). The results of this study indicate that: (1) there is no significant difference between exercise training method circuit training and training methods interval training against the increase in capacity VO2Max basketball, (2) There are no significant differences in increase in capacity VO2Max basketball among students who have the endurance of leg muscle and durability of low leg muscle, (3) there is no interaction between the method of training (circuit training and interval training) and leg muscle endurance against the increase in capacity VO2Max basketball.
Implementasi pendidikan karakter dalam pembelajaran matematika SMP di Kota Yogyakarta
Authors: Pertiwi Indah , Marsigit Marsigit 
Published: February 2018

Penelitian bertujuan untuk mendeskripsikan implementasi, faktor pendukung dan penghambat penerapan pendidikan karakter dalam pembelajaran matematika SMP di Kota Yogyakarta. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian evaluasi model discrepancy model dengan pendekatan kuantitatif dan kualitatif. Penelitian melibatkan sampel sebanyak 22 SMP untuk pengumpulan data kuantitatif dan 6 SMP untuk pengumpulan data kualitatif. Hasil evaluasi dapat disimpulkan bahwa implementasi pendidikan karakter dalam pembelajaran matematika SMP di Kota Yogyakarta termasuk dalam kategori cukup. Adapun faktor pendukung adalah (1) visi dan misi sekolah; (2) adanya peraturan dan tata tertib yang telah diatur sekolah, (3) dukungan dan kerjasama yang baik antar warga sekolah; (4) kondisi siswa yang memiliki dasar karakter baik; (5) contoh perilaku positif guru sebagai teladan. Sedangkan faktor penghambat adalah (1) guru belum memiliki pemahaman yang memadai tentang konsep pendidikan karakter dalam pembelajaran matematika; (2) guru mengalami kesulitan dalam mengidentifikasi nilai karakter dari kompetensi dasar pada mata pelajaran matematika; (3) guru belum dapat mengimplementasikan pendidikan karakter yang terintegrasi dalam pembelajaran matematika dengan baik; (4) sarana dan prasarana yang belum lengkap; (5) dokumentasi penilaian sikap siswa masih lemah. Character Education Implementation in Mathematics Teaching and Learning of Junior High School in Yogyakarta AbstractThe aim of this research was to describe the implementation, supporting factors and obstacles the implementation of character education in mathematics teaching and learning of junior high school in Yogyakarta. This research is an evaluation research discrepancy model with the quantitative and qualitative approach. The study involved 22 samples of SMP for quantitative data collection and 6 SMP for qualitative data collection. The results from this study revealed that character education implementation in mathematics teaching and learning of junior high schools in Yogyakarta was good. Supporting factors were: (1) the vision and mission of the school; (2) ground rules that have been designed by the schools; (3) support and cooperation among school members; (4) student’s condition who have a basic good character; and (5) examples of positive behavior of teachers as role models. Obstacles were: (1) teachers do not have enough understanding of character education especially in the implementation in mathematics teaching and learning processes; (2) teachers have difficulties to identify the character values from the basic competence of mathematics; (3) teachers have not been able to implement character education integrated to mathematics teaching and learning processes properly; (4) poor teaching and learning facilities in some schools; and (5) poor documentation of students’ character assessment.