bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Patients’ Attitude to Rubber Dam: A Short-term Study
Authors: Murthy BV Sreenivasa , George John V , Vedavathi B 
Published: July 2019

ABSTRACT

Introduction
Rubber dam is essential for effective isolation of the root canal and operating field from salivary bacteria as well as protection of the airway. Rubber dam is easy to apply once the basic components and principles are understood. The most common reasons for not using rubber dam for a procedure were patients inconvenience and belief that it is unnecessary. The purpose of the present study was to evaluate the patients attitude to rubber dam after educating them about the use and benefits of rubber dam.

Materials and methods
A questionnaire containing 11 questions was circulated to 20 male and 20 female patients undergoing root canal treatment after explaining about the rubber dam. Information sought included attitude toward the current and anticipated use of rubber dam for a variety of endodontic treatments.

Results
A total of 24 patients out of 40 said that they had a pleasant experience and preferred its use next time. Around 30 patients felt that the use of rubber dam benefits both patient and the doctor.

Conclusion
There was not much of a difference in patient's attitude to rubber dam and mean application time. Those who had a good current experience preferred rubber dam use next time also.
What Spaces Does Democracy Need?
Authors: Müller Jan-Werner 
Published: July 2019

Abstract
The article asks what role different types of physical spaces play for democracy, based on an understanding of democracy as being in need of both a central site of decision making and informal spaces for deliberation and contestation. It then further asks whether the latter functions can be fulfilled by online spaces and also whether the internet might have something like an elective affinity with populism.
The Ambivalent Role of Online Spaces in Political Engagement
Authors: Vitale Sarah E. 
Published: July 2019

Abstract
This article argues that Jan-Werner Müller in “What Spaces Does Democracy Need?” overemphasizes the danger for democratic engagement inherent in the medium of the internet. It claims that the main problem with online discourse is one that comes from without and one that faces in-person discourse as well, and that is the danger of increased privatization and the erosion of a truly public sphere. Nonetheless, online sites can and do still play an important role in our political projects, a role that is not necessarily less significant than the role that physical sites play.
What’s the Matter with Populism?
Authors: Robbins Jeffrey W. 
Published: July 2019

Abstract
This article provides a critical assessment of the populist nationalism associated with President Donald Trump. Using Thomas Frank’s “What’s the Matter with Kansas?” as an inspiration, it makes the argument that Trump’s populism is in fact a cover for a corporatist agenda. Further, it argues that the evangelical right’s support of Trump exposes the sense of white grievance that has animated its political mobilization from the start.
Finding Optimal Depots and Routes in Sudden-Onset Disasters: An Earthquake Case for Erzincan
Authors: Yilmaz Zafer , Aydemir-Karadag Ayyuce , Erol Serpil 
Published: July 2019

Abstract
This article focuses on determining the best routes between affected areas and relief depots in sudden-onset disasters and selecting the best depot that can serve at the shortest response time. These decisions are crucial in emergency humanitarian logistics management since the response time to affected areas dramatically influences the survival rate and timely availability of relief items. This article considers many real-life aspects to deal with the problem realistically. A framework based on Geographic Information System (GIS) is presented that takes into account widths and structures of different types of infrastructure (roads, tunnels, and bridges), the survivability of infrastructure according to its spatial proximity to a potential disaster, and legal speed limits in the pre- and post-disaster decision processes. A case study was carried out for an earthquake disaster scenario in Erzincan province of Turkey and various scenarios were generated to analyze the solutions under different conditions.
Assessing Fuel Distribution in Urban Areas: Off-Hours Deliveries in the City of Rio de Janeiro
Authors: da Silva Diego Marques , de Mello Bandeira Renata Albergaria , Campos Vânia Barcellos Gouvêa , de Brito Mello Luiz Carlos Brasil 
Published: July 2019

Abstract
This article analyzes impact that initiatives for improving freight system performance can generate in fuel distribution in urban areas, especially in mega-cities. We propose a comprehensive methodology to identify initiatives with the most potential in terms of cost and efficiency for the fuel distribution process in urban areas, and then to assess impacts of such initiatives in terms of environmental and economic sustainability. Results indicated off-hours deliveries as having a higher potential to increase sustainability in fuel distribution within city borders. Therefore, an application of the proposed methodology is presented to assess results of a live experiment of off-hours deliveries held in a fuel-distribution process in a mega-city in comparison to daytime deliveries, which is companies’ standard practice. Several positive results were observed during off-hour deliveries, such as reduction in fuel consumption, reduction in the emission of air pollutants and greenhouse gases, reduction in travel time, increase in average operational speed as well as the possibility of carrying out two trips with the same vehicle per day leading to a reduction in expenses with drivers when there is an increase in daily truck deliveries. Although the case assessed was conducted during the Olympic Games of Rio de Janeiro, the method can be applied in any other mega-city.
Sugammadex administration shortens reversal times but not operating room turnover times
Authors: Enten Garrett , Albrink Michael , Deng Jin , Melloni Giorgio , Camporesi Enrico M. , Mangar Devanand 
Published: July 2019

Objective: Current literature debates whether administration of sugammadex translates into a higher operating room (OR) efficiency when compared to neostigmine. This study is a blinded assessment of the effects of sugammadex versus neostigmine on OR efficiency as determined by time of reversal to time of the next case.Methods: 50 patients undergoing abdominal surgery were randomized and evenly distributed into two groups, one receiving sugammadex (4 mg/kg) and the other, neostigmine (0.06 mg/kg) plus glycopyrrolate (0.004 mg/kg). Muscle paralysis was induced with intravenous rocuronium (0.6 mg/kg). Train of four (TOF) was monitored using acceleromyography every 10 minutes until reversal. Reversal agents were blindly prepared and administered during closing. TOF was then recorded every minute until a T4/T1 ratio ≥ 0.9 was achieved. This was designated as time of complete reversal. Subsequently, post-reversal outcome measures were collected.Results: Patients receiving sugammadex experienced a significantly shorter reversal time compared to those receiving neostigmine and glycopyrrolate (2.92 ± 1.71 minutes vs. 7.68 ± 5.63 minutes; p = .0002). No other outcome measures were significantly different between groups: time of OR ready for next case was 55.4 min vs. 56.1 min respectively; not significant.Conclusions: While sugammadex was significantly faster at reversing patient neuromuscular blockade the time from reversal to patient extubation after Sugammadex was prolonged. . This could be due to blinding, as blinded providers are unable to anticipate time of reversal and must compensate by making decisions at safe fixed intervals. This is reflected in that the time gained by administration of sugammadex is approximately equal to the delay experienced across all endpoints collected to the patients’ actual discharge.
Split Offer and Homogeneous Response in Belgium
Authors: Russo Luana , Deschouwer Kris , Verthé Tom 
Published: July 2019

Split Offer and Homogeneous Response in Belgium
By examining the Belgian case, this article aims to show that methodological nationalism is strongly present in the literature on nationalization of party offer and voting behaviour. In nationalization studies, Belgium is often presented as a typical example of a denationalized country. This is true for the party offer, as it is de facto split between the two language groups since the 1980s, and therefore also voter response at the national level. However, voter response within each separate subnational party system is very homogeneous and shows interesting differences between these party systems that inform us about important electoral dynamics. We argue, on the basis of our results, that rather than stretching the concept of nationalization, it is preferable and justified to treat the concepts of nationalization of the party offer and homogenization of voter response as analytically distinct and not as two sides of the same coin.
Modeling of tree recruitment by artificial neural networks after wood harvesting in a forest in eastern Amazon rain forest
Authors: Reis Leonardo Pequeno , Souza Agostinho Lopes de , Mazzei Lucas , Reis Pamella Carolline Marques dos Reis , Leite Helio Garcia , Soares Carlos Pedro Boechat , Torres Carlos Moreira Miquelino Eleto , Ruschel Ademir Roberto , Silva Liniker Fernandes da , Rêgo Lyvia Julienne Sousa 
Published: July 2019

The modeling of recruitment in tropical forests is important for studies of forest management sustainability, for giving adequate subsidies to the recovery of wood stock. The objective of the work was to estimate the recruitment after wood harvest, using a model of artificial neural network (ANN). The study area is located in the Tapajós National Forest (55° 00' W, 2° 45' S), Pará. In 64 ha of the study area, in 1979, an intensive harvest of 72.5 m3 ha-1 was carried out. In 1981, 36 permanent plots of 50 m x 50 m were randomly installed. These plots were measured in 1982, 1983, 1985, 1987, 1992, 1997, 2007, 2010 and 2012. To model the recruitment the variables of target subplot and its neighborhood were considered. The estimates obtained in the training and generalization of ANN were evaluated by statistics: correlation ( R) and root mean square error (RMSE) being obtained RMSE 35.6% and 0.89. It was possible to model the recruitment tendency over the time in tropical forests, after the wood harvest.
Composición y estructura del dosel de sombra en sistemas agroforestales con café de tres municipios de Cundinamarca, Colombia
Authors: Arango Piedad Cecilia Zapata 
Published: July 2019

Se estudió la composición y estructura del dosel de sombra en cafetales de los municipios de Tibacuy, Pacho y San Juan de Rioseco, Cundinamarca, Colombia. Se seleccionaron 15 fincas por municipio y en cada finca un lote de café (Coffea arabica) cv. Castillo en el que se estableció una parcela de 1000 m2 donde se registraron las especies arbóreas con diámetro a la altura del pecho mayor a 10 cm y todos los individuos de plátano (Musa AAB). De acuerdo al porcentaje de sombra en cada municipio las fincas se clasificaron en sombrío alto (SA), sombrío medio (SM) y sombrío bajo (SB). Se encontraron 43 especies arbóreas asociadas a los cafetales, donde el 16% de ellas estaban presentes en los tres municipios; la familia más representativa fue la Fabaceae. La cantidad de plátano fue mayor en cafetales de San Juan de Rioseco, siendo esta especie determinante en las interacciones por sombra en los sistemas evaluados. La abundancia absoluta de árboles fue mayor en fincas con SA y SM (p < 0,05) en los tres municipios; no se registraron diferencias significativas entre niveles de sombrío para la riqueza de especies arbóreas y en Tibacuy la diversidad fue mayor en sistemas de SM (p < 0,05). Citrus sinensis, Inga edulis y Cordia alliodora fueron las especies de mayor importancia ecológica en los cafetales de los tres municipios, de acuerdo al I.V.I. Finalmente, en los sistemas agroforestales (SAF) de los tres municipios no existe una distribución homogénea de la sombra en el terreno lo cual es más evidente en SAF de SB en Pacho; hay superposición de copas y el SAF de SA en Tibacuy tiene una mayor complejidad en la estructura vertical, con tres estratos bien diferenciados.
PROINFANTIL: a necessidade do programa e seu desenvolvimento
Authors: Cabral Valéria Aparecida Benites de Oliveira , Silva Anamaria Santana da 
Published: July 2019

O presente trabalho faz parte de pesquisa de mestrado (CPAN/UFMS) realizado no município de Corumbá-MS e consiste em descrever sobre as propostas de formação dos profissionais da Educação Infantil no Brasil e no estado de Mato Grosso do Sul com destaque ao programa PROINFANTIL - Programa de Formação Inicial para Professores em Exercício na Educação Infantil cujos resultados obtidos indicaram que o Programa foi relevante por discutir temáticas imprescindíveis à reflexão e ao conhecimento de quem atua na área; além de motivar a equipe participante em investir na formação profissional. Para a realização deste estudo optou-se por um diálogo com o referencial teórico de autores como Barbosa (1991, 2003, 2011), Silva (1997), Kramer (2006) dentre outros; além da análise das propostas do material oferecido no programa. Como metodologia a pesquisa consistiu em levantamento bibliográfico e análise documental.
Aula de Filosofia e processos de subjetivação por meio de narrativas: a figura do professor e a produção do documentário ‘O Homem das Mil Vozes’
Authors: Alauk Simone Matos , Ferrarezi Carolina Da Silva , Barbosa Eliana Chaves Freitas , Cilento Angela Zamora Guimaraes 
Published: July 2019

Este artigo tem por objetivo demonstrar os processos de subjetivação em jovens e adolescentes quando da atuação conjunta da filosofia com a sensibilização estética. Estes processos devem constituir boa parte da formação docente. Para tanto, cabe investigar como se dão tais processos e de que maneira o professor pode conduzi-los, ainda que no espaço restrito da matriz curricular. Com a finalidade de demonstrarmos a relevância da filosofia para os processos de subjetivação, realizamos um documentário na E.E Jácomo Stávale, escola da rede pública, sediada na zona norte da cidade São Paulo. Quando esses jovens vivenciam um ensino de qualidade, com práticas docentes que possibilitam uma experiência de sensibilidade estética, estes fatos potencializam uma conexão com o aprendizado, se livrando das determinações vigentes e alcançando uma autonomia do pensamento. O documentário, resultado da práxis docente, não deixa de ser uma produção estética que permite avaliar à luz das análises discursivas os processos de subjetivação em questão. Neste artigo vamos abordar a importância de um bom professor de filosofia, a experiência do PIBID/FILOSOFIA/CAPES na E.E Jácomo Stávale, a produção do documentário e nossas perspectivas com relação à educação.
O pensar como resposta à crise na educação: contribuição arendtiana para o ensino
Authors: Silva Regis Lopes 
Published: July 2019

A partir de alguns conceitos do repertório arendtiano, propomos neste texto uma delimitação do universo no qual a crise moderna se encontra, refletindo uma crise na educação. Diante da essência do que seja a educação para Hannah Arendt e da constatação da crise, a sugestão é que a atividade do pensar, uma das três elencadas por Arendt em A vida do espírito, possa colaborar para minimizar um dos efeitos da crise, isto é, a falta de um sentido comum às experiências que vivemos e transmitimos pelo ensino.
Crítica e perspectiva filosófica do <i>sapere aude</i> kantiano no Instituto Federal do Pará: o retrocesso do novo ensino médio
Authors: Silva Filho Tomaz Martins da 
Published: July 2019

O artigo reflete sobre a importância do discurso filosófico como pensamento reflexivo a partir do conceito de aufklärung kantiano em uma instituição de ensino. Trata-se de resultados parciais de pesquisa em andamento na coordenação de pesquisa do campus Conceição do Araguaia –PA. Tem como metodologia pesquisa bibliográfica de abordagem qualitativa. Tem como objetivo ressaltar as garantias de pensamento autônomo, portanto, liberdade de expressão e uso público da razão no Instituto Federal, tendo em vista a formação do pensamento autônomo e os entraves para o estabelecimento desde provocados pela lei nº 13.415, de 16 de fevereiro de 2017 e das Diretrizes do IFPA dela decorrente. Percebe-se como discussões que não há crítica, nem autocrítica sem autonomia. A lei que reformula o novo ensino médio prioriza o saber tecnológico em detrimento do saber humano. O IFPA em comunhão com esse pensamento meramente tecnocrático cria as Diretrizes para Reorganização dos Cursos Técnicos na Forma Integrada do IFPA. Como considerações finais percebe-se que o documento cerceia a autonomia de pensamento proporcionada pelas humanidades. Priva os alunos de amplo conhecimento filosófico e sociológico. É um disciplinamento da criticidade do aufklärung.
Sociodemographic and clinical characterization of patients with chronic hepatitis C
Authors: Leite Juliana Mayara da Silva , Inácio Jéssica de Oliveira , De Melo Monteiro Raissa Silva , Marques Cristiane da Câmara , Barreto Vanessa Pinheiro , Rodrigues Feijão Alexsandra 
Published: July 2019

Objetivo: Describir la caracterización sociodemográfica y clínica de los pacientes portadores de hepatitis C crónica acompañados en el ambulatorio de un hospital de referencia en infectología. Método: Estudio transversal, descriptivo, cuantitativo, con usuarios portadores de hepatitis C crónica asistidos en el ambulatorio de un hospital de referencia durante noviembre de 2015 a abril de 2016 con una muestra de 47 usuarios. Resultados: Los participantes son de sexo masculino (76,6%) con rango de edad superior a 57 años (57,5%), pardo (38,3%), casado (55,3%), con grado de escolaridad (31,9%), y residente en la capital (61,7%), con tiempo de descubrimiento de hasta 6 años (68,1%), desconociendo la forma de contaminación (57,5%), inmunizado contra la hepatitis B (65,9%), realizando tratamiento medicamentoso (85,1%) con Ribavirina (55,6%); Y el 70,2% presentó efectos adversos. Conclusión: La caracterización sociodemográfica y clínica auxilian en la práctica clínica del equipo multiprofesional con los portadores de hepatitis C crónica.
Objective: To describe the sociodemographic and clinical characterization of patients with chronic hepatitis C followed at the outpatient clinic of a reference hospital in infectology.Method: A cross-sectional, descriptive, quantitative study with chronic hepatitis C patients attended at a referral hospital during November 2015 to April 2016 with a sample of 47 users. Results: The participants were male (76.6%), 57 years old (57.5%), brown (38.3%), married (55.3%), (61.7%), with a discovery time of up to 6 years (68.1%), not knowing the form of contamination (57.5%), immunized against hepatitis B (65.9%), undergoing drug therapy (85.1%) with Ribavirin (55.6%); And 70.2% had adverse effects. Conclusion: Sociodemographic and clinical characterization assist the clinical practice of the multiprofessional team with patients with chronic hepatitis C
Objetivo: Descrever a caracterização sociodemográfica e clínica dos pacientes portadores de hepatite C crônica acompanhados no ambulatório de um hospital referência em infectologia. Método: Estudo transversal, descritivo, quantitativo, com usuários portadores de hepatite C crônica assistidos no ambulatório de um hospital referência durante Novembro 2015 a Abril de 2016 com uma amostra de 47 usuários. Resultados: Os participantes encontram-se no sexo masculino (76,6%) com faixa etária acima de 57 anos (57,5%), pardo (38,3%), casado (55,3%), com grau de escolaridade fundamental incompleto (31,9%), e residente na capital (61,7%), com tempo de descoberta de até 6 anos (68,1%), desconhecendo a forma de contaminação (57,5%), realizando tratamento medicamentoso (85,1%) com Ribavirina (55,6%); e 70,2% apresentaram efeitos adversos. Conclusões: A caracterização sociodemográfica e clínica auxiliam na prática clínica da equipe multiprofissional com os portadores de hepatite C crônica.
Sleep-promoting effects of threonine link amino acid metabolism in Drosophila neuron to GABAergic control of sleep drive
Authors: Ki Yoonhee , Lim Chunghun 
Published: July 2019

Emerging evidence indicates the role of amino acid metabolism in sleep regulation. Here we demonstrate sleep-promoting effects of dietary threonine (SPET) in Drosophila. Dietary threonine markedly increased daily sleep amount and decreased the latency to sleep onset in a dose-dependent manner. High levels of synaptic GABA or pharmacological activation of metabotropic GABA receptors (GABAB-R) suppressed SPET. By contrast, synaptic blockade of GABAergic neurons or transgenic depletion of GABAB-R in the ellipsoid body R2 neurons enhanced sleep drive non-additively with SPET. Dietary threonine reduced GABA levels, weakened metabotropic GABA responses in R2 neurons, and ameliorated memory deficits in plasticity mutants. Moreover, genetic elevation of neuronal threonine levels was sufficient for facilitating sleep onset. Taken together, these data define threonine as a physiologically relevant, sleep-promoting molecule that may intimately link neuronal metabolism of amino acids to GABAergic control of sleep drive via the neuronal substrate of sleep homeostasis.Editorial note: This article has been through an editorial process in which the authors decide how to respond to the issues raised during peer review. The Reviewing Editor's assessment is that all the issues have been addressed (<xref ref-type="decision-letter" rid="SA1">see decision letter</xref>).
Nutritional assessment, phytochemical composition and antioxidant analysis of the pulp and seed of medjool date grown in Mexico
Authors: Salomón-Torres Ricardo , Ortiz-Uribe Noé , Valdez-Salas Benjamín , Rosas-González Navor , García-González Conrado , Chávez Daniel , Córdova-Guerrero Iván , Díaz-Rubio Laura , Haro-Vázquez María del Pilar , Mijangos-Montiel José Luis , Morales-Maza Antonio , Mahadevan Padmanabhan , Krueger Robert 
Published: July 2019

The aim of this study was the characterization of fatty acids, antioxidant activity, some physical properties, nutrient content, sugars, and minerals in the pulp and seeds of the date cultivar ‘Medjool’ (Phoenix dactyliferaL.) grown in Mexico. The samples were obtained at maturity (Tamar) in the 2017 harvest season in the valleys of San Luis Rio Colorado and Mexicali, Mexico. The following average values were obtained on a % dry weight basis for pulp and seeds, respectively: protein, 3.14% and 4.84%; lipids, 0.75% and 9.94%; fiber, 6.34% and 66.79%; total sugars, 75.32% and 5.88%; reducing sugars, 70.26% and 4.40%; and sucrose, 5.06% and 1.46%. Analysis of the minerals revealed that the most abundant elements for the pulp were: potassium, 851.98 mg/100 g; magnesium, 142.97 mg/100 g; and phosphorus, 139.40 mg/100 g, whereas for the seeds, they were potassium, 413.36 mg/100 g; sulfur, 151.36 mg/100 g; and phosphorus, 92.42 mg/100 g. Gas chromatography-mass spectrometry analysis revealed that the major unsaturated fatty acid was oleic acid, at 52.34% and 45.92%, respectively, for pulp and seeds. The main saturated fatty acids were palmitic acid (6.75%) and lauric acid (17.24%) in pulp and seeds, respectively. The total phenolic content was 1.16 and 13.73 mg GAE/100 g for pulp and seeds, respectively. Finally, the antioxidant activities were: b-carotene, 65.50% and 47.75%; DPPH, 0.079 IC50g/L and 0.0046 IC50g/L; and ABTS, 13.72 IC50g/L and 0.238 IC50g/L, respectively. The results obtained in this study confirm that the ‘Medjool’ cultivar grown in Mexico has the same quality of nutrients and antioxidants as those grown in the other main date-producing countries.