bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Prognostic factors and clinical outcome in a rare form of spastic paraplegia (Spoan syndrome): a 10-year follow-up
Authors: Galvão Cláudia R. C. , Cavalcante Priscilla M. A. , Olinda Ricardo , Graciani Zodja , Zatz Mayana , Kok Fernando , Santos Silvana , Lancman Selma 
Published: June 2019

Abstract
Background: Spastic paraplegia, optic atrophy and neuropathy (Spoan syndrome) is an autosomal recessive disease with approximately 70 cases recorded in Brazil and Egypt. Methods: This is a prospective longitudinal study performed with 47 patients affected with Spoan syndrome of seven communities of Rio Grande do Norte (Brazil) to investigate prognostic factors and clinical outcome based on comparative data obtained from a 10-year follow-up. Results: The mean age of the participants was 47.21±12.42 years old, and the mean ages at loss of ambulation and hand function were 10.78±5.55 and 33.58±17.47 years old, respectively. Spearman’s correlation analysis between the score on the Modified Barthel Index and the investigated variables evidenced statistical significance for age (p<0.001) and right- and left-hand grip strength (p=0.042 and p=0.021, respectively). Statistical significance was not evidenced for the remainder of the variables, including age at onset of symptoms (p=0.634), age at loss of ambulation (p=0.664) and age at loss of hand function (p=0.118). Conclusions: Our analysis allows asserting that the participants exhibited slight dependence until age 35. The greatest losses occurred from ages 35 to 41, and starting at 50, practically all patients become completely dependent. In fact, age is the main prognostic factor of impaired motor function among Spoan syndrome patients.
Effect of a rescue or recurrence dose of lasmiditan on efficacy and safety in the acute treatment of migraine: Findings from the Phase 3 trials (SAMURAI and SPARTAN)
Authors: Loo Li Shen , Plato Brian , Turner Ira , Case Michael , Raskin Joel , dowsett sherie , Krege John 
Published: June 2019

Abstract
Background

We studied the efficacy and safety of a second dose of lasmiditan for acute treatment of migraine.

Methods

SAMURAI and SPARTAN were double-blind, placebo-controlled Phase 3 studies in which individuals with migraine were randomized to oral lasmiditan 50mg (SPARTAN only), 100mg, 200mg, or placebo. Study drug was to be taken within 4 hours (h) of onset of a migraine attack (moderate or severe pain). A second dose of study drug was provided for rescue (patient not pain-free at 2h and took a second dose 2-24h post-first dose) or recurrence (patient pain-free at 2h, but experienced recurrence of mild, moderate, or severe migraine pain and took a second dose 2-24h after first dose). Randomization to second dose occurred at baseline; patients originally assigned lasmiditan were randomized to the same lasmiditan dose or placebo (2:1 ratio), and those originally assigned placebo received placebo. Data from SAMURAI and SPARTAN were pooled for efficacy and safety assessment of a second dose of lasmiditan.

Results

The proportion of patients taking a second dose was lower with lasmiditan versus placebo, and decreased with increasing lasmiditan dose; the majority who took a second dose did so for rescue. In patients taking lasmiditan as first dose, outcomes (pain free, most bothersome symptom [MBS] free) at 2h after a second dose for rescue were similar whether the second dose was lasmiditan or placebo (p>0.05 in all cases). In patients taking lasmiditan for first dose, outcomes at 2h after a second dose for recurrence were as follows: lasmiditan pooled versus placebo - pain free, 50% vs 32% (p>0.05); MBS free, 71% vs 41% (p=0.02); pain relief, 77% vs 52% (p=0.03). In patients whose first dose was lasmiditan, the incidence of treatment emergent adverse events (TEAEs) reported after the second dose was similar whether second dose was lasmiditan or placebo.

Conclusions

A second dose of lasmiditan showed some evidence of efficacy when taken for headache recurrence. There was no clear benefit of a second dose of lasmiditan for rescue treatment. The incidences of TEAEs were similar whether the second dose was lasmiditan or placebo.
The relationship of the type of intracerebral haemorrhage to early disease evolution and long-term prognosis after r-tPA thrombolysis
Authors: cao yungang , Jing Hongfei , Lin Xianda , Yan Jueyue , Zhang Zheng , Ye Zusen , Huang Xiaoyan , Cheng Zicheng , Han Zhao 
Published: June 2019

Abstract
Background: To investigate the relationship of different subtypes of intracerebral haemorrhage (ICH) to early disease evolution and long-term prognosis in patients with acute cerebral infarction after intravenous recombinant tissue plasminogen activator(r-tPA).
Methods: Seventy ischaemic stroke patients treated with intravenous t-PA who underwent computed tomography (CT) within 24 hours after thrombolysis were divided into four types (haemorrhagic infarction type 1 [HI-1], HI-2, parenchymal haemorrhage type 1 [PH-1], or PH-2). Early evolution of the disease was observed by the change in the National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale (NIHSS) score within 24 hours after thrombolysis. The long-term prognosis was assessed by the modified Rankin Scale (mRS) score at the 3rd month.
Results: There were 17 (24.3%) patients with ICH. Compared with patients in the non-ICH group, HI did not affect early neurological function or clinical outcome at the 3rd month. PH-1 did not increase the risk of early neurological deterioration; however, PH-1 could increase the risk of death at the 3rd month (50% vs 11.3%, P = 0.090). PH-2 was significantly related to early neurological deterioration (66.7% vs 3.8%, P <0.001) and mortality at the 3rd month (50.0% vs 11.3%, P = 0.040).
Conclusion: Patients with different subtypes of ICH after thrombolysis have different clinical outcomes. PH-2 is significantly associated with early neurological deterioration and increases mortality at the 3rd month.
Study on the corneal higher-order aberrations and correlation in patients with different degrees of myopia suitable for wavefront-guided FS-LASIK
Authors: Wu Cheng-Zhe , Cui Xun , Li Zheng-Ri , Cui Hong , Jin Hua , Li Cheng-Lin , Jin Hai-Yan , Li Ying-Jun 
Published: June 2019

Abstract
Background: To investigate the characteristics and distribution of anterior surface wavefront aberrations in patients suitable for corneal refractive surgery. Methods: A total of 121 myopic patients (121 eyes, 18-45 years old) who underwent corneal refractive surgery were randomly selected by the Pentacam anterior segment analysis system with a spherical equivalent (SE) of -0.25 to -10.00 D. The corneal anterior aberrations (total higher-order aberration; spherical aberration; Coma; Trefoil) and Q and K values were detected, and a correlation analysis of the relevant parameters was carried out. Results: The root-mean-square (RMS) of the third to sixth order aberrations of the corneal anterior wavefront aberrations at a 6mm analysis diameter showed a decreasing trend in patients suitable for the corneal refractive surgery, and the RMS of the third order aberrations accounted for 62.92% of the total HOAs. The coma ratio (coma/total cornea higher-order aberrations) was increased with the increasing diopters, while the spherical aberration ratio (spherical aberration/ total cornea higher-order aberrations) was not changed. In addition, the spherical aberration was 0.203±0.082 μm (range: 0.061 to 0.503 μm), and the Q30 was -0.19±0.03 (range: -0.58 to 0.31). There were significant differences in the coma aberrations of preoperative corneal anterior surface (3, 1) between the low, middle and high myopia groups (P=0.013). The spherical equivalent was positively correlated with the corneal coma of the anterior corneal surfaces (R=-0.241, P=0.009), and the Q value was positively correlated with the total higher-order aberrations (R=0.326, P<0.001). Conclusions: Individual wavefront aberrations on the anterior surfaces of the cornea are comparatively different, and the Zernike coefficients are related to the degree of myopia. Spherical aberrations are the most overriding aberrations of the cornea.
Identification of differentially expressed genes for fescue toxicosis in high and low tolerant Angus cows
Authors: Khanal Piush , Sanglard Leticia P , Mayberry Kyle , Sommer Jeffery , Poore Matthew H , Poole Daniel H , Serão Nick V. L. 
Published: June 2019

Abstract
Background
Fescue toxicosis (FT) is the multifaceted syndrome that causes the major loss of revenue in beef industry. Management of FT has been substantial challenge for the beef industry. Little research has been conducted to identify host genetic variation for FT response. Therefore, the objectives of this study were 1) to identify differentially expressed genes (DEG) in animals with contrasting response to fescue toxicosis, 2) to assess the biological relevance of DEG and 3) to investigate the relationships of DEG through gene networks in Angus cows.
Results
Genotype-by-location-by-time interaction was evident, with one location (2,296) having much greater number of DEG (q-value < 0.1) between HT and LT animals than the other (554). In addition, there was a greater number of DEG (q-value < 0.1) between HT and LT animals on week 5 (3,892) than on weeks 1(1,413), 9 (1,384), and 13 (573). So, further analyses focused on DEG between HT and LT animals on week 5 at the most toxic location. The most significant DEG between HT and LT animals had relevant functions associated with FT: cellular growth (SPDYC, HEYL, ANXA13), cardiovascular function (FGB, HBA, WNT11, BPIFB4, MESP2), protein metabolism (ENPP6, MMP8), and immune response (CTBS, SDC2, CXCL13, IL-13, JAKMIP2). The strongest positive partial correlation (0.99) was between CTBS and CXCL13, where CTBS is involved in carbohydrate metabolism and immune function, and CXCL13 is involved in immune, inflammatory, and defense response, and G-protein coupled pathway. The regulation of the most significant DEG between HT and LT animals on week 5 are highly correlated, indicating a complex interaction between. When all DEG were analyzed, the enriched biological processes associated with fescue toxicosis included immune response, cardiovascular function and development, metabolic, cellular and biological processes, and fertilization.
Conclusions
These findings provide potential biomarkers that should be evaluated for selection of cattle with greater tolerance to fescue toxicosis which will help to establish the herd with fescue tolerant cows in regions where high endophyte infected pasture is present.
PCR amplification of a long rDNA segment with one primer pair in agriculturally important nematodes
Authors: Carta L. K. , Li S. 
Published: June 2019

Abstract
Ribosomal DNA has been a reliable source of taxonomic and phylogenetic markers due to its high copy number in the genome and stable variation with few polymorphisms due to the homogenizing effect of concerted evolution. Typically specific regions are amplified through polymerase chain reaction (PCR) with multiple primer pairs that generate often incomplete and overlapping regions between adjacent segments of 18S, ITS1, 5.8S, ITS2, and 28S rDNA nucleotide sequences when combined in tandem. To improve the efficiency of this effort, a strategy for generating all these molecular sequences at once through PCR amplification of a large ribosomal 3.3 to 4.2 kb DNA target was developed using primer 18S-CL-F3 paired with D3B or a new alternative 28S PCR primer (28S-CL-R) and other well-positioned and ribosomal-specific sequencing primers (including novel primers 18S-CL-F7, 18S-CL-R6, 18S-CL-R7, 18S-CL-F8, 5.8S-CL-F1, 5.8S-CL-R1, 28S-CL-F1, 28S-CL-R3, 28S-CL-F3, 28S-CL-R1, and 28S-CL-F2). The D1 region between ITS2 and 28S boundaries and the flanking sequence between 18S and ITS1 boundaries were fully revealed in this large nucleotide segment. To demonstrate the value of this strategy, the long rDNA segment was amplified and directly sequenced in 17 agriculturally important nematodes from the Tylenchida, Aphelenchida, and Dorylaimida. The primers and their positions may be employed with traditional Sanger sequencing and with next-generation sequencing reagents and protocols.
An Overview of Injectable Thermo-Responsive Hydrogels and Advances in their Biomedical Applications
Authors: Ávila-Salas Fabián , Durán-Lara Esteban F. 
Published: June 2019

Background:
Injectable hydrogels are a thermo-responsive system based on biomaterials.
Injectable hydrogels have been broadly investigated mainly as vehicles or scaffolds of therapeutic
agents that include drugs, proteins, cells, and bioactive molecules among others, utilized in the
treatment of diseases such as cancers and the repair and regeneration of tissues.

Results:
There are several studies that have described the multiple features of hydrogels. However,
the main aspect that breaks the paradigm in the application of hydrogels is the thermoresponsiveness
that some of them have, which is an abrupt modification in their properties in response
to small variations in temperature. For that reason, the thermo-responsive hydrogels with the
unique property of sol-gel transition have received special attention over the past decades. These
hydrogels show phase transition near physiological human body temperature. This feature is key for
being applied in promising areas of human health-related research.

Conclusion:
The purpose of this study is the overview of injectable hydrogels and their latest advances
in medical applications including bioactive compound delivery, tissue engineering, and regenerative
medicine.
Spinacia oleracea Linn Considered as One of the Most Perfect Foods: A Pharmacological and Phytochemical Review
Authors: Gutierrez Rosa Martha Perez , Velazquez Elisa Gutierrez , Carrera Silvia Patricia Paredes 
Published: June 2019

Background: :Leaves of Spinacia oleracea have been widely used as vegetarian foods. Some studies on the chemical composition of spinach have shown that it contains a high content of micronutrients (vitamins and minerals), and has an important economic value with some agronomic advantages. S. oleracea in traditional medicine is reported to cure more than one health problem.Objective: :This review focuses on the ethnopharmacological uses and pharmacological and phytochemical studies of Spinacia oleracea.Method: :Information on S. oleracea was obtained via electronic search of scientific databases such as Scopus, PubMed, Google Scholar, Scirus, Science Direct, Scielo, Web of Science, Medline, Springerlink, BioMed Central (BMC), and SciFinder for publications on this plant. In addition, books on medicinal herbs were also consulted.Results: :Approximately 100 chemical compounds were isolated and characterized from S. oleracea. The major active components of the plant are flavones, flavanols, methylenedioxyflavonol glucuronides, glucuronides, and carotenoids, which were extensively investigated. This review revealed potential pharmacological properties of these isolated compounds such as anti-obesity, anti-α-amylase, bileacid binding capacity, anti-mutagenic, anti-oxidant, anticancer, anti-inflammatory, cognitive and mood effect, hypoglycemic, and anti-hypertriglyceridemia.Conclusions::S. oleracea is an important edible plant also used for ethnomedical therapy of obesity, inflammation of lungs, lumbago, flatulence, and treatment of urinary calculi. Pharmacological and phytochemical studies of this plant including bioactives, which have been adequately studied, support its uses in traditional medicine. Additionally, prospects and future trends of this plant are proposed.
Cardiovascular and Renal Outcomes of Incretin-based Therapies: A Review of Recent Clinical Trials
Authors: Kyriakos Georgios , Quiles-Sanchez Lourdes V. , Garmpi Anna , Farmaki Paraskevi , Kyre Konstantina , Gkogkos Spyridon , Savvanis Spyridon , Memi Eleni 
Published: June 2019

Background:
To report the cardiovascular and renal effects of incretin-based therapies.

Method:
The studies of clinical trials on incretin-based therapy published in medical journals from
the years 2010 to 2017 were comprehensively searched using MEDLINE and EMBASE with no
language restriction. The studies were reviewed and the cardiovascular and renal risks reported
were recorded.

Results:
Incretin-based therapeutics represent novel and promising anti-diabetes drugs, the direct
cardiovascular actions which may translate into demonstrable clinical benefits on cardiovascular
outcomes. Furthermore, incretin-based therapies do not adversely affect renal function.
Synthesis and Evaluation of Glycyrrhetic Acid-aromatic Hybrids as Anti-inflammatory Agents
Authors: Chen Zhi , Chen Shi-Chao , Li Bo , Yang Yong-An , Zhang Jing 
Published: June 2019

Background: :
Inflammation is a biological response of body tissues to harmful stimuli,
so it is desirable to search for novel anti-inflammatory agents with improved pharmaceutical profiles
and reduced adverse effects.

Objective: :
This study was to explore natural anti-inflammatory agents and improve therapeutic application
of glycyrrhetic acid (GA) through molecular hybridization with active aromatics.

Methods: :
Fourteen novel GA-aromatic hybrids were synthesized and evaluated for their antiinflammatory
activities by inhibiting LPS-induced nitric oxide (NO) release in RAW264.7 cells.
The synthesized compounds were characterized by single-crystal X-ray diffraction, 1H NMR, 13C
NMR and HRMS.

Result: :
The structure-activity relationship (SAR) study indicated that compounds with styryl displayed
better NO inhibitory activity. Among them, compounds 2a and 3c exhibited the most promising
activity with IC50 values of 9.93 μM and 12.25 μM, respectively. In addition, X-ray singlecrystal
diffraction data for compounds 2e and 3c showed that the absolute configuration of GA
skeleton was consistent with that of natural 18 β-glycyrrhetic acid.

Conclusion: :
The results showed that GA-aromatic hybrids were a new class of anti-inflammatory
agents and this study provided useful information on further optimization.
Health Care Personnel’s Perspective on Potential Electronic Health Interventions to Prevent Hospitalizations for Older Persons Receiving Community Care: Qualitative Study
Authors: Gjestsen Martha Therese , Wiig Siri , Testad Ingelin 
Published: June 2019

Background
The use of electronic health (eHealth) interventions is suggested to help monitor and treat degenerative and chronic diseases through the use of sensors, alarms, and reminders and can potentially prevent hospitalizations for home-dwelling older persons receiving community care. It is increasingly recognized that the health care personnel’s acceptance of a technological application remains a key challenge in adopting an intervention, thus interventions must be perceived to be useful and fit for purpose by the actual users.

Objective
The aim of this study was to identify and explore the perspectives of managers and health care personnel in community care regarding the use of eHealth interventions in terms of prevention of hospitalizations for home-dwelling older persons receiving community care.

Methods
A case study with a qualitative approach was carried out in community care in a Norwegian municipality, comprising individual interviews and focus group interviews. A total of 5 individual interviews and 2 focus group interviews (n=12) were undertaken to provide the health care personnel’s and managers’ perspective regarding the use of eHealth interventions, which could potentially prevent hospitalizations for home-dwelling older persons receiving community care. Data were analyzed by way of systematic text condensation, as described by Malterud.

Results
The data analysis of focus group interviews and individual interviews resulted in 2 categories: potential technological applications and potential patient groups. Discussions in the focus groups generated several suggestions and wishes related to technical applications that they could make use of in their day-to-day practice. The health care personnel warranted tools and measures to enhance and document their clinical observations in contact with patients. They also identified patient groups, such as patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease or dehydration or urinary tract infections, for whom hospitalizations could potentially have been prevented.

Conclusions
We have shown that the health care personnel in community care warrant various technological applications that have the potential to improve quality of care and resource utilization in the studied municipality. We have identified needs and important matters in practice, which are paramount for acceptance and adoption of an intervention in community care.
Vejez Y Transformaciones
Authors: Barcia Soledad Acevedo 
Published: June 2019

El presente trabajo plantea una reflexión teórica sobre el aporte del dispositivo de intervención grupal de mediación artística, en prácticas de intervención en la vejez como herramienta posibilitadora de la construcción de narrativas identitarias alternativas. Para ello se toman los resultados de la intervención realizada en la Diplomatura de Psicogerontología de la UdelaR en el año 2017.Partiendo de representaciones subjetivas cristalizadas sobre el envejecimiento, mediante el dispositivo propuesto, los sujetos accedieron a posicionamientos críticos en torno a representaciones hegemónicas sobre la vejez.Se aborda una aproximación a las narrativas prevalentes en el modelo tradicional de vejez, para luego aproximarnos a otras perspectivas para problematizar la discusión sobre envejecimiento e identidad enfatizando en el análisis narrativo.Posteriormente se trabaja en torno al concepto de dispositivo grupal y la dimensión política del mismo, así como una aproximación al concepto y aporte de la mediación artística, como herramienta habilitadora de la reflexión y la producción colectiva de nuevos sentidos en la vejez. Abstract This work proposes a theoretical reflection on the contribution of the group intervention device of artistic mediation in intervention practices in old age, as an enabling tool for the construction of alternative identity narratives. For this, the results of the intervention made in the Degree of Psychogerontology of UdelaR[1] in 2017 are taken into consideration.Based on rigidified subjective representations of aging, through the device proposed, subjects had access to critical positioning around hegemonic representations of old age.An approach to the narratives prevailing in the traditional model of old age is developed, and then other perspectives are approached to problematize the discussion about aging and identity, emphasizing the narrative analysis.Subsequently, we work on the concept of group device and its political aspect, as well as on an approach to the concept and contribution of artistic mediation, as an enabling tool for reflection and for the collective production of new meanings in old age.[1]University of the Republic, Uruguay.