bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Identifikasi Uranium dan Thorium di Desa Takandeang Mamuju Sulawesi Barat dengan Menginterpretasikan Data Radiometri Tanah atau Batuan
Authors: Khairani Mutia , Sutrisno Sutrisno , Indrastomo Frederikus Dian 
Published: August 2019

Abstrak. Hasil survey dosis radiasi lingkungan menunjukkan di daerah Mamuju memiliki nilai laju dosis radiasi (radioaktivitas) yang cukup tinngi.Nilai radioaktivitas tinggi yang dijumpai pada batuan diperkirakan berasal dari keterdapatan kandungan radioaktif alami seperti unsur uranium (U) dan thorium (Th). Penelitian yang dilakukan bertujuan untuk mendapatkan kesimpulan unsur radioaktif apa yang mempengaruhi nilai laju dosis di daerah tersebut tinggi. Metode penelitian yang diterapkan adalah pengukuran radiometri, penentuan nilai ambang (threshold), menentukan populasi anomali pada unsur radioaktif dari data radiometri dengan menggunakan metode kurva probabilitas, interpolasi kriging dengan metode ordinary kriging dan analisis peta sebaran laju dosis, peta sebaran uranium, dan peta sebaran thorium. geologi daerah penelitian tersusun atas batugamping, batu lava, batuan breksi dan endapan aluvial. Berdasarkan hasil analisis diketahui bahwa nilai laju dosis tinggi mencapai 4.271,3 nSv/h di Desa Takandeang dipengaruhi oleh keterdapatan unsur thorium, dengan kadar 435,7 ppm eTh dan uranium berkadar 426 ppm eU. Abstract. Survey results of environment radiation in Mamuju show that the value of dose rate of radiation (radioactivity) is high enough. That high radioactivity value that is found in rocks is hypothesized to be generated by natural radioactive unsure such as uranium (U) and thorium (Th). The aim of this study is to get conclusion of what radioactive unsure that influences high dose rate in that region. The methods in this study are radiometry measurement, determination of treshold, determination of anomaly population on radioactive unsure from radiometry data using probability curve method, kriging interpolation with ordinary kriging method and analysis of dose rate distribution map, uranium distribution map, and thorium distribution map. The geology of studied region is composed of limestones, lava rocks, breccia rocks, and alluvial sediments. Accroding to the result of analysis, we conclude that the value of high dose rate in Takandeang Village that reaches 4.271,3 nSv/h is influenced by thorium, with level 435,7 ppm eTh and uranium with level 426 ppmeU.
Analisis Pengaruh Bentuk Filler Pada Komposit Batang Bambu Terhadap Nilai Kekerasan (Hardness Shore D)
Authors: Firdaus Ahmad , Tjahjono Arif , Saptari Sitti Ahmiatri 
Published: August 2019

Tanaman bambu yang berlimpah di Indonesia belum banyak di manfaatkan sebagai bahan penelitian. Bambu dapat dimanfaatkan pada komposit berpenguat bambu sebagai filler. Pada penelitian ini telah dilakukan pembuatan papan komposit dengan paduan matriks campuran resin dan hardener dengan filler batang bambu. Dalam proses sintesis, digunakan perbandingan resin epoxy dan hardener yaitu 80% berbanding 20%, serta filler berbahan batang bambu dengan variasi bentuk filler : filler serbuk dan filler memanjang. Pengujian kekerasan komposit dilakukan dengan menggunakan alat durometer dengan metode Hardness Shore D. Nilai kekerasan maksimum rata-rata pada komposit filler serbuk adalah 72.00 ± 2.65 Shore D dan nilai kekerasan maksimum rata-rata pada komposit filler memanjang adalah 77.60 ± 3.78 Shore D. Hasil tersebut menunjukan bahwa komposit filler memanjang lebih keras dari komposit filler serbuk
Mirthful gelastic seizures with ictal involvement of temporobasal regions
Authors: Oehl Bernhard , Biethahn Silke , Schulze‐Bonhage Andreas 
Published: August 2019

ABSTRACTIctal laughter is the cardinal clinical sign of gelastic seizures in hypothalamic hamartomas and may also occur in extrahypothalamic epilepsies. Laughing consists of an affective and a motor component. It has been suggested that the affective component may result from an involvement of temporobasal structures, whereas the motor part is related to an involvement of the mesial frontal cortex. So far, evidence is based on a limited number of cases with spontaneously recorded seizures or in whom electrical stimulation of invasive intracranial EEG recordings has been performed. We report a patient who suffered from epigastric psychic auras, complex partial seizures with a gelastic component and secondarily generalized seizures. To evaluate a possible epileptogenic role of the hippocampus and dysplastic region in the right mid‐temporal gyrus, intracranial monitoring with subdural electrodes over the temporobasal and temporolateral regions, as well as a deep brain electrode in the hippocampus, were performed. During the intial part of the seizure, consisting of an intense retrosternal ascending feeling with sexual connotation, rhythmic spikes in temporolateral contacts were detected. Concomitant with the development of smiling and laughter, a rhythmic activity over the temporobasal regions evolved. The patient became seizure‐free following right temporal lobe resection. This case supports the assumption that ictal involvement of temporobasal structures is crucial for gelastic seizure components in patients with temporal lobe epilepsy. Progression to temporobasal regions was associated with the feeling of happiness whereas motor components of laughter occurred later. These findings are in accordance with the interpretation of surface recordings by Dericioglu and co‐workers in a similar previous case. [Published with video sequences].
Altered EEG spectral activity and attentional behavioral deficits following prolonged febrile seizures: a pilot study
Authors: Lippé Sarah , Roy Marie‐Sylvie , Arcand Claudine , Scantlebury Morris H. , Carmant Lionel , Lassonde Maryse 
Published: August 2019

ABSTRACTThe consequences of febrile seizures (FSs) in infants are still a matter of debate. It is important to develop non‐invasive tools to determine markers of brain function that could have predictive value for the outcome of FSs infants. Pattern visual evoked potentials (pVEPs) were recorded in 18 FS infants (mean age of seizure 15.97 months). Spectral density and coherence analyses were performed in infants evaluated at 1.1 month (n = 4), 5.75 months (n = 4) or 30.33 months (n = 6) following a prolonged FS and compared to age‐matched healthy controls. The impact of severity of seizures was assessed by comparing the children who had prolonged FSs to 4 infants that had experienced a simple FS. Cognitive tests (Bayley, Stanford‐Binet) were administered at the time of testing in FS and control children. Behavioural measures (Achenbach Child Behavior Check List) were administered two years after the FS. pVEP responses and coherence measures failed to yield significant differences between the FS groups and healthy controls. However, spectral density measures showed a significant increase in delta band activity in both FS groups and a reduced high frequency density only in the prolonged FS groups that was seen up to 39 months post‐seizure. Behavioural and cognitive measures revealed cognitive development within average, but lower attentional capacities in the FS infants. The persistent changes in spectral density patterns seen in children with prolonged FS may reflect seizure induced alterations in the developing brain or a result of a complex mode of inheritance. Further studies are needed to determine whether these observations can be used as a marker to predict the vulnerability of the child in developing behavioral deficits or epilepsy.
Electrophysiological characterisation of myoclonicatonic seizures in symptomatic continuous spike‐waves during slow sleep syndrome
Authors: Vrielynck Pascal , Defresne Pierre 
Published: August 2019

ABSTRACTSudden epileptic falls are frequently reported in continuous spike‐waves during slow sleep (CSWS) syndrome. Inhibitory seizures are usually considered as the underlying mechanism. However, published polygraphic recordings are rare. We report the case of a 22 month‐old boy suffering from a symptomatic CSWS syndrome associated with a perinatal stroke involving the right middle cerebral artery territory. He presented with psychomotor regression and daily multiple falls related to myoclonic‐atonic seizures. Neurophysiological examination showed secondary generalized myoclonus systematically correlated with a bilateral spike spreading from the right central area. This confirms that positive myoclonus, in addition to negative myoclonus, may be responsible for epileptic falls in CSWS syndrome. [Published with video sequences]
Is benign myoclonic epilepsy of infancy truly idiopathic and generalized?
Authors: Korff Christian M. , Jallon Pierre , Lascano Agustina , Michel Christoph , Seeck Margitta , Haenggeli Charles‐Antoine 
Published: August 2019

ABSTRACTBenign myoclonic epilepsy of infancy is recognized as a generalized and idiopathic epilepsy by the International League Against Epilepsy. Unprovoked and reflex seizures have been reported in these patients. We describe a child diagnosed with benign myoclonic epilepsy of infancy, whose strictly unilateral and localized reflex myoclonias broaden the clinical spectrum of this idiopathic and generalized epileptic syndrome, and raise interrogations about its underlying pathophysiological mechanisms. [Published with video sequences]
Anti‐NMDA receptor encephalitis: a video case report
Authors: Labate Angelo , Irani Sarosh R. , Vincent Angela , Gambardella Antonio , Le Piane Emilio , Cianci Vittoria , Aguglia Umberto 
Published: August 2019

ABSTRACTThis report concerns a 26‐year‐old Italian woman who was given the diagnosis of anti‐NMDAR encephalitis after the incidental identification of an ovarian tumour. Neuropsychiatric symptoms and hyperkinetic movements are very commonly seen as initial symptoms of paraneoplastic encephalitis. Interestingly, our patient showed stereotypical movements predominantly located to lower limbs, mimicking a psychogenic seizure. This latter feature further extends the clinical spectrum of dyskinetic movements of anti‐NMDAR encephalitis. [Published with video sequences]
Gene expression changes in an animal model of in utero irradiation‐induced cortical dysplasia
Authors: Hiremath Girish K. , Tilelli Cristiane Q. , Xu Yaomin , Gopalan Banu , Najm Imad M. 
Published: August 2019

ABSTRACTPurposeCortical Dysplasia (CD) is the histopathological substrate in almost half of all drug‐resistant focal epilepsies. Little is known about the gene expression profile of CD. As such information may help target therapeutics more effectively, our aim was to perform a gene expression analysis of an animal model of cortical dysplasia induced by in utero irradiation.MethodsNine offspring from irradiated animals, and nine age‐matched controls were sacrificed at post‐natal day 60. Cortical and hippocampal regions were separated, and total ribonucleic acid (RNA) was extracted using a commercially available kit (Qiagen®). RNA was then subjected to a gene expression analysis using an oligonucleotide microarray platform (Illumina®). After statistical analysis, genes were considered differentially expressed when a p value less than 0.001 was observed. Real‐time, quantitative polymerase chain reaction (RT‐qPCR) was used to confirm microarray results for three genes via the Livak method.ResultsTwenty three genes from cortical tissue met criteria for altered gene expression. Six genes from cortex seemed relevant to the pathogenesis of CD. Two genes that promoted cell survival (connective tissue growth factor and peroxiredoxin) were upregulated. One gene that promoted excitotoxic neurodegeneration (latrophilin‐2) was downregulated. Two genes involved in glutamate (protein kinase C‐α) and AMPA receptor recycling (NEEP‐21) were downregulated. One gene, (Shank‐1) involved in the control of dendritic maturation, was downregulated.ConclusionGene expression analysis in this animal model revealed some of the potential mechanisms by which CD may lead to the phenotype of intractable epilepsy. The downregulation of genes that are involved in glutamate and AMPA receptor recycling may lead to increased excitability. Disinhibition of aberrant dendritic branching, resulting from a downregulation of Shank‐1, may also result in an increase in sprouting, excitation and/or hypersynchrony. Finally, genes promoting cell survival, either directly (connective tissue growth factor, peroxiredoxin) or indirectly (latrophilin‐2) may allow CD tissue to survive the excitotoxic injury that it produces, thus allowing it to perpetuate the epileptic condition over time.
Convulsive syncope: a condition to be differentiated from epilepsy
Authors: Ozkara Cigdem , Metin Baris , Kucukoglu Serdar 
Published: August 2019

ABSTRACTThe clinical presentation of epilepsy and syncope can be confusingly similar. We present a patient with reflex syncopal episodes that mimic seizures using video‐EEG recordings. During the episodes, head/eye deviations, automatisms and dystonic movements, suggesting an epileptic seizure, were observed. The EEG revealed diffuse slow waves when the patient lost consciousness and complete cessation of the cerebral activity occurred when the dystonic movements started. On ECG recordings, bradycardia, followed by complete asystolia lasting for 40 seconds, was observed. We conclude that the differential diagnosis of epilepsy and syncope can be quite misleading and clinical features may not always be reliable. In cases where diagnosis is uncertain, circulatory and cardiac causes should always be kept in mind and video‐EEG with simultaneous cardiac recordings are mandatory for accuracy of diagnosis. [Published with video sequences]
Stimulus‐sensitive post‐anoxic focal motor seizures evolving into generalised myoclonic status epilepticus: a video‐EEG study
Authors: Fernández‐Torre José L. , Santos‐Sánchez Carlos , Casariego‐Pola Francisco , Calleja Jesús 
Published: August 2019

ABSTRACTWe describe the case of a 62‐year‐old man who developed stimulus‐induced focal motor seizures after prolonged cardiac arrest. During a video‐EEG study, these focal motor seizures progressed into a generalised myoclonic status epilepticus. Both the severely decremented background activity on the EEG, and the absence of median and trigeminal somatosensory evoked potentials were in keeping with a devastating post‐hypoxic encephalopathy and the patient died. Our clinical and electrophysiology data suggest that generalised myoclonic status epilepticus may occur in patients in whom the existence of severe cerebral damage prevents a complete development of all phases of classic generalised tonic‐clonic seizures. [Published with video sequences]
Reversible sleep‐related stridor during vagus nerve stimulation
Authors: St. Louis Erik K. , Faber Kevin 
Published: August 2019

ABSTRACTA 23‐year‐old woman without history of antecedent vocal, respiratory, or sleep disorders received vagus nerve stimulation (VNS) therapy for refractory partial epilepsy and developed sleep‐related stridor during the course of parameter titration. Reduction of VNS current during polysomnography completely eliminated stridor. We conclude that VNS may cause sleep‐related stridor in rare cases, expanding the spectrum of known sleep‐disordered breathing disorders associated with VNS therapy. Parameter adjustment during polysomnography may resolve nocturnal stridor caused by VNS. [Published with video sequences]
Bathing epilepsy: report of two Caucasian cases
Authors: Franzoni Emilio , Gentile Valentina , Grosso Salvatore , Brunetto Daniela , Cordelli Duccio Maria , Balestri Paolo 
Published: August 2019

ABSTRACTBathing epilepsy, also known as water‐immersion epilepsy, refers to a rare form of benign reflex epilepsy in which seizures are precipitated by the normal process of domestic bathing. This condition has been confused with true hot water epilepsy, even though bathing in water at normal temperature is the trigger. Focal seizures predominate with a staring gaze, pallor and generalised features followed by prolonged postictal somnolence. A variable percentage of patients may also show unprovoked seizures. The prognosis is usually favourable, and modifying bathing habits may prevent further seizures. We report two Caucasian patients with bathing epilepsy. In one, seizures were provoked by water immersion. In the other, we noted an unusual triggering factor; pouring of lukewarm water over the genitalia.
Long‐term and late seizure outcome after surgery for temporal lobe epilepsy
Authors: Pimentel José , Bentes Carla , Campos Alexandre , Ferreira A. Gonçalves , Group Epilepsy Surgery 
Published: August 2019

ABSTRACTAimAlthough surgery for temporal lobe epilepsy (TLE) harbours a good prognosis, post‐operative seizures may occur. Long‐term, postoperative seizure follow‐ups are rare but necessary to properly define outcome.MethodsLongitudinal, long‐term, post‐operative seizure follow‐up in TLE patients with outcome analysed using Engel's classification. Three groups were considered according to the type of resection: isolated amygdalohippocampectomy (IAH), further divided into anterior and complete, AH plus focal neocortical resections (AH + FR) and focal neocortical resections (FR).ResultsEighty‐nine patients were enrolled (61 in the IAH group, 24 in the AH + FR group, and four in the FR group), with a mean follow‐up time of 46.7 months. For the three groups together, 90.9% and 86.7% of the patients were in Engel class I for six months and five years, respectively. Kaplan‐Meir analysis of the IAH and AH + FR groups showed that, while 82.2% of patients of the IAH group tended to remain in class I within 84 months after surgery, 86.7% of the AH + FR group tended to remain in class I within 12 months. Kaplan‐Meier analysis of the IAH sub‐groups showed that more patients (91.0%) with anterior resection tended to remain in class I, although for a longer period of time (36 months), compared to those with complete resection (84.0% of patients and 12 months, respectively). For the IFR group, only three patients were in Engel class I for long‐term follow‐up.ConclusionsHigh rates of seizure freedom were obtained and stably maintained for years. The reasons for better long‐term prognosis of the anterior IAH group are so far unclear, the IFR group was too small to draw any conclusive data.
Improvement of myoclonic epilepsy in Down syndrome treated with levetiracetam
Authors: Sangani Masoud , Shahid Asim , Amina Shahram , Koubeissi Mohamad 
Published: August 2019

ABSTRACTLate Onset Myoclonic Epilepsy in Down Syndrome (LOMEDS) is a recognized entity usually preceded by cognitive deterioration. We report two patients with LOMEDS and cognitive decline, aged 52 and 44 years. Continuous video‐EEG recording showed generalised spike and slow wave complexes as an ictal correlate of the myoclonic jerks in both patients. Low dose levetiracetam resulted in rapid, sustained seizure freedom in both patients with no reported adverse events. As for other myoclonic epilepsies, levetiracetam appears to be effective for the treatment of LOMEDS, and may be considered as a first line agent for this disorder.
Lateralized ictal dystonia of upper and lower limbs in patients with temporal lobe epilepsy
Authors: Kuba Robert , Tyrlíková Ivana , Brázdil Milan , Rektor Ivan 
Published: August 2019

ABSTRACTPurposeTo perform a retrospective study to determine the incidence and lateralizing value of ictal dystonia in patients with temporal lobe epilepsy.MethodsThe study included 142 patients (76 males, 66 females) with temporal lobe epilepsy, aged from 19 to 58 years with an average age of 33.1 ± 8.7 years. Overall, 454 seizures were analysed. The seizure onset zone was mesial in 112 patients (78.8%), and “non‐mesial” in 30 patients (21.2%).ResultsIctal dystonia was present in 68 of the 142 patients (47.9%), and in 186 of 454 total seizures (40.9%). Upper limb dystonia was present in 94 sizures (50.5%) of 32 patients; hemidystonia in 84 seizures (45.2%) of 30 patients; and lower limb dystonia in eight seizures (4.3%) of six patients. For all cases, all types of ictal dystonia were contralateral to the seizure onset zone. Ictal dystonia was significantly more frequent in patients with a mesial seizure onset zone than in “non‐mesial” patients (58.1%vs7.7%; p < 0.001). Within the mesial group, ictal dystonia was significantly more frequent in patients with hippocampal sclerosis than in those patients with other lesions (66.1%vs41.1%; p = 0.023).ConclusionIctal dystonia in temporal lobe epilepsy is a reliable lateralizing ictal sign. During almost half of the seizures studied, ictal dystonia was present in the form of hemidystonia, and isolated involvement of the lower limbs also occured. Combined data obtained from both noninvasive and invasive EEG showed that ictal dystonia tended to occur more often in mesial onset temporal lobe epilepsy, especially when hippocampal sclerosis was the epileptogenic lesion.
Refractory nonconvulsive status epilepticus in Creutzfeldt‐Jakob disease
Authors: Aiguabella Maria , Falip Mercè , Veciana Misericordia , Bruna Jordi , Palasí Antoni , Corral Luisa , Herrero Jose‐Ignacio , Boluda Susana , Mora Jaume , Iranzo Alex , Serrano Carme 
Published: August 2019

ABSTRACTCreutzfeldt‐Jakob disease (CJD) is a rare human transmissible spongiform subacute encephalopathy. The most common clinical manifestations of CJD include rapidly progressive dementia, behavioural changes, cerebellar dysfunction and myoclonus. Other seizure types are rare and nonconvulsive status epilepticus (SE) is exceptional. We report a case of a 44‐year‐old man who presented a psychotic episode followed by akinetic mutism and refractory nonconvulsive SE. The final diagnosis was CJD. Continuous video‐EEG monitoring revealed the ictal pattern of nonconvulsive SE to be periodic sharp wave complexes characteristic of CJD. [Published with video sequences]
Interictal epileptiform discharges and phasic phenomena of REM sleep
Authors: Busek Petr , Buskova Jitka , Nevsimalova Sona 
Published: August 2019

ABSTRACTThe objective of this study was to assess the effect of phasic rapid eye movement (REM) sleep events on interictal epileptiform discharges (IEDs). Twelve patients with focal epilepsy and IEDs during REM sleep were examined by video‐EEG monitoring. The number of IEDs was calculated in different REM sleep episodes according to the rate of rapid eye movements. A negative correlation was identified between the occurrence of rapid eye movements and IEDs, indicating that the suppression of propagation of IEDs during REM sleep is enhanced by phasic REM sleep events, probably as a result of phasic activation of cholinergic neurons of the ponto‐mesencephalic tegmentum. This study demonstrates that the degree of EEG desynchronization and IEDs is influenced by REM density.