bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Socioeconomic inequalities in health and the use of healthcare services in Catalonia: analysis of the individual data of 7.5 million residents
Authors: García-Altés Anna , Ruiz-Muñoz Dolores , Colls Cristina , Mias Montse , Martín Bassols Nicolau 
Published: August 2018

BackgroundThe aim of this study is to analyse the health status, the use of public healthcare services and the consumption of prescription drugs in the population of Catalonia, taking into consideration the socioeconomic level of individuals and paying special attention to vulnerable groups.MethodsCross-sectional study of the entire population resident in Catalonia in 2015 (7.5 million people) using administrative records. Twenty indicators are analysed related to health, the use of healthcare services and consumption of prescription drugs. Rates, frequencies and averages are obtained for the different variables stratified by age groups (under 15 years, 15–64 years and 65 years or older), gender and socioeconomic status (calculated on the basis of pharmacy copayment levels and Social Security benefits received).ResultsA socioeconomic gradient was observed in all the indicators analysed, in both sexes and in all age groups. Morbidity, use of mental healthcare centres, hospitalisation rates and probability of drug consumption among children is 3–7 times higher for those with low socioeconomic level respect to those with a higher one. In children and adults, the steepest gradient was found in the use of mental health services. Moreover, there are gender inequalities.ConclusionThere are significant socioeconomic inequalities in health status and in the use of healthcare services in the population of Catalonia. To respond to this situation, new policies on health and other areas, such as education and employment, are required, especially those that have an impact on early years.
Design of Wireless Network on Chip with Priority-Based MAC
Authors: Ouyang Yiming , Zhao Yang , Xing Kun , Huang Zhengfeng , Liang Huaguo , Li Jianhua 
Published: August 2018

The wireless network on chip WiNoC introduces wireless links in the traditional network on chip (NoC), which reduces the network diameter and enables high-throughput, low-latency data communications. In addition, if wireless nodes can dynamically request data transmission, wireless bandwidth will be more effectively utilized. In order to implement a conflict-free, adaptive bandwidth allocation strategy, a priority-based dynamic media access control mechanism has been designed. In this work, a dynamic priority calculation method has been proposed based on the packets’ transmission time and the waiting time in the queue. Then, a priority calculating unit is designed to calculate the dynamic priority of the packet. Finally, the central control unit designed obtains the dynamic priority of the packets, and dynamically authorizes the use rights of the wireless medium according to the priority of the data packet. Simulation experiments show that the media access control mechanism proposed in this paper has significant improvements in throughput, delay, and power consumption performances compared with other mechanisms [S.Deb et al., Wireless NoC as interconnection backbone for multicore chips: promises and challenges, IEEE J. Emerg. Sel. Topics Circuits Syst. 2 (2012) 228–239].
The Idea Maturity Model — A Dynamic Approach to Evaluate Idea Maturity
Authors: Gochermann Josef , Nee Ingo 
Published: August 2018

In idea creation and assessment processes, the accruement and the description of an idea are mostly allocated to a fixed point in time, defined as the end of the generating process and the start of the idea assessment. This static approach does not fit the reality in industrial idea processes. A dynamic approach for idea assessment is therefore introduced. An idea is not seen as a static but as a dynamic state, characterized by different degrees of maturity. Maturity is understood as a measure of the assessability of the individual evaluation characteristics. Based on Crosby’s maturity model and classical capability maturity models, a new idea maturity model (IMM) has been developed and is introduced for the first time. The five idea maturity levels (IML) are named Initial, Awareness, Appraisability, Valuation and Realizability and harmonize well with other maturity models. The levels are described by general characteristics, although the development of the maturity model focussed on new product or service development. The compatibility of the IMM with idea assessment processes and conditions in organizations and companies has been checked.
MYBL2 Supports DNA Double Strand Break Repair in Hematopoietic Stem Cells
Authors: Bayley Rachel , Blakemore Daniel , Cancian Laila , Dumon Stephanie , Volpe Giacomo , Ward Carl , Almaghrabi Ruba , Gujar Jidnyasa , Reeve Natasha , Raghavan Manoj , Higgs Martin R. , Stewart Grant S. , Petermann Eva , García Paloma 
Published: August 2018

Abstract
Myelodysplastic syndromes (MDS) are a heterogeneous group of diseases characterized by blood cytopenias that occur as a result of somatic mutations in hematopoietic stem cells (HSC). MDS leads to ineffective hematopoiesis, and as many as 30% of patients progress to acute myeloid leukemia (AML). The mechanisms by which mutations accumulate in HSC during aging remain poorly understood. Here we identify a novel role for MYBL2 in DNA double-strand break (DSB) repair in HSC. In patients with MDS, low MYBL2 levels associated with and preceded transcriptional deregulation of DNA repair genes. Stem/progenitor cells from these patients display dysfunctional DSB repair kinetics after exposure to ionizing radiation (IR). Haploinsufficiency of Mybl2 in mice also led to a defect in the repair of DSBs induced by IR in HSC and was characterized by unsustained phosphorylation of the ATM substrate KAP1 and telomere fragility. Our study identifies MYBL2 as a crucial regulator of DSB repair and identifies MYBL2 expression levels as a potential biomarker to predict cellular response to genotoxic treatments in MDS and to identify patients with defects in DNA repair. Such patients with worse prognosis may require a different therapeutic regimen to prevent progression to AML.
Significance: These findings suggest MYBL2 levels may be used as a biological biomarker to determine the DNA repair capacity of hematopoietic stem cells from patients with MDS and as a clinical biomarker to inform decisions regarding patient selection for treatments that target DNA repair.
Graphical Abstract: http://cancerres.aacrjournals.org/content/canres/78/20/5767/F1.large.jpg. Cancer Res; 78(20); 5767–79. ©2018 AACR.
Hexosamine Biosynthetic Pathway Inhibition Leads to AML Cell Differentiation and Cell Death
Authors: Asthana Abhishek , Ramakrishnan Parameswaran , Vicioso Yorleny , Zhang Keman , Parameswaran Reshmi 
Published: August 2018

Abstract
Treatment for acute myeloid leukemia (AML) has remained unchanged for past 40 years. Targeting cell metabolism is a promising avenue for future cancer therapy. We found that enzymes involved in metabolic hexosamine biosynthetic pathway (HBP) are increased in patients with AML. Inhibiting GFAT (the rate-limiting enzyme of HBP) induced differentiation and apoptosis in AML cells, sparing normal cells. UDP-GlcNAc, the end product of HBP, is the substrate for O-GlcNAcylation, a posttranslational modification. O-GlcNAc transferase (OGT) is the enzyme which transfers GlcNAc from UDP-GlcNAc to target proteins. Inhibition of O-GlcNAcylation, using OGT inhibitors as well as genetic knockdown of OGT, also led to cell differentiation and apoptosis of AML cells. Finally, HBP inhibition in vivo reduced the tumor growth in a subcutaneous AML xenograft model and tumor cells showed signs of differentiation in vivo. A circulating AML xenograft model also showed clearance of tumor load in bone marrow, spleen, and blood, after HBP inhibition, with no signs of general toxicity. This study reveals an important role of HBP/O-GlcNAcylation in keeping AML cells in an undifferentiated state and sheds light into a new area of potential AML therapy by HBP/O-GlcNAc inhibition. Mol Cancer Ther; 17(10); 2226–37. ©2018 AACR.
Dissecting LncRNA Roles in Renal Cell Carcinoma Metastasis and Characterizing Genomic Heterogeneity by Single-Cell RNA-seq
Authors: Li Xue , Meng Xianwen , Wei Cong , Zhou Yincong , Chen Hongjun , Huang He , Chen Ming 
Published: August 2018

Abstract

Long noncoding RNAs (lncRNA) have recently emerged as important regulators in cancer cell proliferation and metastasis. However, the role of lncRNAs in metastatic clear cell renal cell carcinoma (ccRCC) remains unclear. Here, single-cell RNA sequencing data were analyzed from primary renal cell carcinoma and paired metastatic renal cell carcinoma specimens, and characterized the expression profiles of over 10,000 genes, including 1,874 lncRNAs. Further analysis revealed that lncRNAs exhibit cancer type– and tissue–specific expression across ccRCC cells. Interestingly, a number of lncRNAs (n = 173) associated with ccRCC metastasis, termed ccRCC metastasis–associated lncRNAs (CMAL). Moreover, functional analysis based on a CMAL-PCG coexpression network revealed that CMALs contribute to cell adhesion, immune response, and cell proliferation. In combination with survival analysis, 12 CMALs were identified that participate in TNF and hypoxia-inducible factor 1 signaling to promote ccRCC metastasis. Further investigation on intratumoral heterogeneity showed that some CMALs are selectively expressed in different subpopulations.

Implications:
To explore ccRCC metastasis, the current study performed a global dissection of lncRNAs and a complex genomic analysis of ccRCC tumor heterogeneity. The data shed light on the discovery of potential lncRNA biomarkers and lncRNA therapeutic targets.
The acaulescent rosette species of Lupinus L. (Fabaceae) of Colombia and Ecuador including a new species from Colombia
Authors: CONTRERAS-ORTIZ NATALIA , JARA-MUÑOZ ORLANDO A. , HUGHES COLIN E. 
Published: August 2018

We present a taxonomic synopsis of the acaulescent rosette species of Lupinus from Colombia and Ecuador, including a checklist with revised nomenclature and a key to species. A new species, Lupinus luisanae, and a variety of this species, L. luisanae var. ocetensis, endemic to the northern portion of the Eastern Cordillera of the Colombian Andes, are described and illustrated. Lupinus inflatus is proposed as a new synonym of L. nubigenus.
Statistical Regression Scheme for Intensity Prediction of Tropical Cyclones in the Northwestern Pacific
Authors: Li Qinglan , Li Zenglu , Peng Yulong , Wang Xiaoxue , Li Lei , Lan Hongping , Feng Shengzhong , Sun Liqun , Li Guangxin , Wei Xiaolin 
Published: August 2018

AbstractThis study proposes a statistical regression scheme to forecast tropical cyclone (TC) intensity at 12, 24, 36, 48, 60, and 72 h in the northwestern Pacific region. This study utilizes best track data from the Shanghai Typhoon Institute (STI), China, and the Joint Typhoon Warning Center (JTWC), United States, from 2000 to 2015. In addition to conventional factors involving climatology and persistence, this study pays close attention to the land effect on TC intensity change by considering a new factor involving the ratio of seawater area to land area (SL ratio) in the statistical regression model. TC intensity changes are investigated over the entire life-span, over the open ocean, near the coast, and after landfall. Data from 2000 to 2011 are used for model calibration, and data from 2012 to 2015 are used for model validation. The results show that the intensity change during the previous 12 h (DVMAX), the potential future intensity change (POT), and the area-averaged (200–800 km) wind shear at 1000–300 hPa (SHRD) are the most significant predictors of the intensity change for TCs over the open ocean and near the coast. Intensity forecasting for TCs near the coast and over land is improved with the addition of the SL ratio compared with that of the models that do not consider the SL ratio. As this study has considered the TC intensity change over the entire TC life-span, the proposed models are valuable and practical for forecasting TC intensity change over the open ocean, near the coast, and after landfall.
The Above-Anvil Cirrus Plume: An Important Severe Weather Indicator in Visible and Infrared Satellite Imagery
Authors: Bedka Kristopher , Murillo Elisa M. , Homeyer Cameron R. , Scarino Benjamin , Mersiovsky Haiden 
Published: August 2018

AbstractIntense tropopause-penetrating updrafts and gravity wave breaking generate cirrus plumes that reside above the primary anvil. These “above anvil cirrus plumes” (AACPs) exhibit unique temperature and reflectance patterns in satellite imagery, best recognized within 1-min “super rapid scan” observations. AACPs are often evident during severe weather outbreaks and, due to their importance, have been studied for 35+ years. Despite this research, there is uncertainty regarding why some storms produce AACPs but other nearby storms do not, exactly how severe are storms with AACPs, and how AACP identification can assist with severe weather warning. These uncertainties are addressed through analysis of severe weather reports, NOAA/National Weather Service (NWS) severe weather warnings, metrics of updraft cloud height, intensity, and rotation derived from Doppler radars, as well as ground-based total lightning observations for 4583 storms observed by GOES super rapid scanning, 405 of which produced an AACP. Datasets are accumulated throughout storm lifetimes through radar object tracking. It is found that 1) AACP storms generated 14 times the number of reports per storm compared to non-AACP storms; 2) AACPs appeared, on average, 31 min in advance of severe weather; 3) 73% of significant severe weather reports were produced by AACP storms; 4) AACP recognition can provide comparable warning lead time to that provided by a forecaster; and 5) the presence of an AACP can increase forecaster confidence that large hail will occur. Given that AACPs occur throughout the world, and most of the world is not observed by Doppler radar, AACP-based severe storm identification and warning would be extremely helpful for protecting lives and property.
Issues for Women in the Development of Mental Health Services
Authors: Subotsky Fiona 
Published: August 2018

“Except as occasional consultants, the less men doctors have to do with female lunatics the better”. (Lowe, 1883)“As long as women are over-represented among mental patients and family caretakers and under-represented among psychiatrists, administrators and politicians, their lives will continue to be unhappily affected by decisions in which they take no part”. (Showalter, 1987)
McLean Hospital Depression Research Facility: early-onset phobic disorders and adult-onset major depression
Authors: Schatzberg A. F. , Samson J. A. , Rothschild A. J. , Bond T. C. , Regier D. A. 
Published: August 2018

Background This study explores the temporal relationship between anxiety and major depressive disorders in a cohort of patients with current major depression.Method Current prevalence and lifetime history of specific anxiety disorders were assessed using the Structured Clinical Interview for DSM–III–R Diagnosis (SCID–P) in 85 patients with DSM–III–R major depression. Consensus DSM–III–R diagnoses were assigned by at least two psychiatrists or psychologists.Results Twenty-nine per cent met criteria for at least one current anxiety disorder and 34% had at least one anxiety disorder at some point in their lives. The mean (s.d.) age of onset of anxiety disorder in the depressed patients with comorbid social or simple phobia (15 (9) years) was significantly younger than was that of their major depression (25 (9) years). In contrast, the mean (s.d.) age of onset of anxiety in patients with comorbid panic or OCD (20 (8) years) was similar to that seen for their major depression (21 (9) years). In patients with major depression with comorbid anxiety disorders, both the social phobia (10 of 13) and simple phobia (4 of 4) were more commonly reported to start at least two years prior to their major depression in contrast to depressives with comorbid panic (3 of 10 subjects) – Fisher's exact test, P=0.01.Conclusions Early-onset social and simple phobias appear to be risk factors for later onset of major depression.
The spectrum of generalised anxiety in clinical practice: the role of short-term, intermittent treatment∗
Authors: Rickels K. , Schweizer E. 
Published: August 2018

Background DSM–IV generalised anxiety disorder (GAD) has a high lifetime prevalence, but subthreshold anxiety states are even more common, particularly in family practice.Method Generalised anxiety is conceptualised as a spectrum of disorders, with transient anxiety at one end and GAD at the other.Results Based on longterm experience with family practice patients, the authors suggest that most anxious patients, wherever on this continuum they are placed, could be treated with short-term, possibly intermittent, rather than chronic anxiolytic therapy. Data are presented which show that 50% of chronic GAD patients are only in need of such short-term intermittent therapy.Conclusions Further clinical research is needed to refine short-term, intermittent treatments for anxiety spectrum disorders, to make effective treatments available to those suffering from anxiety but falling short of diagnostic criteria for GAD, and to target more effectively the different treatment strategies.
Pharmacotherapy of first-episode schizophrenia
Authors: Remington Gary , Kapur Shitij , Zipursky Robert B. 
Published: August 2018

Background A growing interest in first-episode schizophrenia reflects the belief that this line of investigation will lead to further developments regarding schizophrenia's aetiology, course and outcome.Method Evidence from more recent clinical trials involving first-episode schizophrenia is integrated with neuroimaging data, specifically positron emission tomography, to provide direction regarding pharmacotherapy.Results Individuals with a first episode of schizophrenia appear particularly responsive to pharmacotherapy, as well as quite sensitive to side-effects. At the same time, current clinical and receptor-binding data support the efficacy of low-dose neuroleptic treatment.Conclusions Early and effective treatment of schizophrenia has been associated with better long-term outcome. Low-dose neuroleptic therapy is an effective treatment strategy and the diminished risk of side-effects with this approach may further enhance compliance and outcome.
Progressive adaptation of whole-limb kinematics after peripheral nerve injury
Authors: Chang Young-Hui , Housley Stephen N. , Hart Kerry S. , Nardelli Paul , Nichols Richard T. , Maas Huub , Cope Timothy C. 
Published: August 2018

ABSTRACTThe ability to recover purposeful movement soon after debilitating neuromuscular injury is essential to animal survival. Various neural and mechanical mechanisms exist to preserve whole-limb kinematics despite exhibiting long-term deficits of individual joints following peripheral nerve injury. However, it is unclear whether functionally relevant whole-limb movement is acutely conserved following injury. Therefore, the objective of this longitudinal study of the injury response from four individual cats was to test the hypothesis that whole-limb length is conserved following localized nerve injury of ankle extensors in cats with intact nervous systems. The primary finding of our study was that whole-limb kinematics during walking was not immediately preserved following peripheral nerve injuries that paralyzed subsets of ankle extensor muscles. Instead, whole-limb kinematics recovered gradually over multiple weeks, despite having the mechanical capacity of injury-spared muscles across all joints to achieve immediate functional recovery. The time taken to achieve complete recovery of whole-limb kinematics is consistent with an underlying process that relies on neuromuscular adaptation. Importantly, the gradual recovery of ankle joint kinematics remained incomplete, discontinuing once whole-limb kinematics had fully recovered. These findings support the hypothesis that a whole-limb representation of healthy limb function guides a locomotor compensation strategy after neuromuscular injury that arrests progressive changes in the joint kinematics once whole-limb kinematics is regained.
Luiz Carlos Bresser Pereira [entrevistado por Sérgio Goldbaum e Mário Aquino Alves]
Authors: Pereira Luiz Carlos Bresser 
Published: August 2018

Desde 1963, Luis Carlos Bresser Pereira combina a atividade docente na FGV-EAESP com funções executivas e com diversos cargos de governo. Foi ministro da Fazenda (1987) do governo José Sarney e ministro da Administração e Reforma do Estado (1995-1998) do governo Fernando Henrique Cardoso. Nesta entrevista concedida à RAE-executivo, Bresser Pereira fala sobre os escândalos financeiros ocorridos nos Estados Unidos e sobre a formação de executivos naquela país e no Brasil.
Fatos e lendas da privatização
Authors: Eid Junior William , Ribeiro Marcos Poplauski 
Published: August 2018

Nos últimos anos, assistimos a um vigoroso debate sobre os efeitos gerados pelas privatizações de grandes empresas estatais, sobretudo nas áreas de energia elétrica e de telefonia. As opiniões dividem-se: alguns advogam que as privatizações pioraram o desempenho das empresas, outros crêem que as melhorias foram notáveis. Desde 1991, 66 empresas estatais brasileiras foram privatizadas. Este estudo mostra o impacto do processo sobre seusprincipais indicadores econômico-financeiros.
Contabilidade: dos escândalos à renovação
Authors: Diniz Eduardo Henrique , Lopes Alexsandro Broedel 
Published: August 2018

O avanço da informatização na sociedade e nas empresas está modificando o trabalho de contabilidade. Paradoxalmente, no lugar de consolidar sua tradição normativa e sua imagem associada à objetividade, o que tal processo está provocando é justamente o contrário: a contabilidade está se tornando cada vez mais subjetiva. Essa tendência abre duas grandes rotas: a primeira é o enriquecimento do trabalho na área, que passa a ser menos operacional e mais analítico; e a segunda é a necessidade de buscar maior transparência da informação contábil.
Estruturas organizacionais para P&D
Authors: DeSanctis Gerardine , Glass Jeffrey T. , Ensing Ingrid Morris 
Published: August 2018

A área de Pesquisa e Desenvolvimento (P&D) está cada vez mais se tornando orientada ao negócio, e a confiança das empresas em novas tecnologias e inovações está maior do que nunca. Mas, como as atividades de P&D podem ser organizadas para gerar valor à companhia? Um estudo com 14 empresas líderes em tecnologia em seis ramos industriais, ilustra como três designs organizacionais – 1) descentralização, 2) interligação, e 3) integração – estão sendo usados para gerenciar organizações de P&D distribuídas e flexíveis. Mostramos aqui como alguns designs para P&D são mais efetivos que outros e damos sugestões de como as empresas em busca de um design organizacional para P&D ideal podem selecionar dentre configurações possíveis para promover organizações de P&D orientadas para valor e capazes de se adaptar.
Reinventando o empreendedorismo
Authors: Rodrigues Andréa Leite 
Published: August 2018

Durante os anos 1990, surgiu um tipo diferente de empresário. Enquanto o mundo corporativo tradicional mantinha-se na rota de valor rumo ao lucro, este novo perfil de empreendedor acenava com um caminho alternativo: um caminho que equilibraria o lucro com benefícios sociais. Anita Roddick foi uma das pioneiras deste grupo. Com sua bem sucedida cadeia de lojas para produtos pessoais The Body Shop, demonstrou a necessidade de ir além das visões consolidadas e estabelecer um novo modo de convivência entre empresas, comunidades, grupos e indivíduos.