bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
RAFT Copolymerization of Pt(II) Pincer Complexes With Water‐Soluble Polymer as an Efficient Way to Obtain Micellar‐Type Nanoparticles With Aggregation‐Induced NIR Emission
Authors: Shilov Roman A. , Baigildin Vadim A. , Kisel Kristina S. , Galenko Ekaterina E. , Gubarev Alexander S. , Mikhailova Mariya E. , Vezo Olga S. , Tsvetkov Nikolai V. , Shtyrov Andrey A. , Ryazantsev Mikhail N. , Shakirova Julia R. , Tunik Sergey P. 
Published: November 2024

ABSTRACTThe idea of preparation a water‐soluble Pt‐containing AIEgen was successfully realized by direct reversible addition‐fragmentation transfer copolymerization of a Pt(II) complex (LPtPV) containing a vinyl group and polyvinylpyrrolidone (p(VP)). The resulting block‐copolymer p(VP‐b‐LPtPV) containing 5–8 Pt(II) chromophores exhibits intriguing photophysical properties—strong solvent and concentration dependence of absorption and emission characteristics. Various physicochemical and analytical methods (NMR spectroscopy, XRD analysis, ESI‐MS, AUC, DLS, ICP‐OES, GPC, viscometry, TEM) were used to characterize the initial complex, its binuclear analogs, p(VP) and p(VP‐b‐LPtPV). The obtained data indicate that the photophysical properties of the latter are dictated by the type of aggregation process rather than solvatochromic effects. It is shown that at low concentration in organic solvents, the platinum chromophores aggregation is either absent (dimethylformamide) or occurs predominantly at intramolecular level (MeCN), whereas in aqueous media, p(VP‐b‐LPtPV) readily aggregates into micellar‐type nanoparticles with a hydrophilic p(VP) corona and a hydrophobic Pt‐containing core, in which strong intra‐ and intermolecular Pt···Pt and/or π···π interactions result in a significant red shift of absorption and emission down to 600 and 816 nm, respectively. Despite of emission shift into NIR area where emission is commonly quenched by nonradiative vibrational relaxation, an increase in the emission quantum yield occurs in complete agreement with the typical aggregation‐induced emission (AIE) emitters’ behavior. Quantum mechanics/molecular mechanics simulations of aggregation processes also confirm the trends in the relationship between aggregation mode and photophysical behavior, particularly, in the variations of energy gaps between the ground state of the AIEgens and their excited singlet and triplet states.
Macrocyclic Schiff Base Complexes of Zn(II), Cu(II), Co(II), and Ni(II) Targeting Topoisomerase IIβ: Synthesis, Docking, and Evaluation as Potential Anticancer Agents
Authors: Yadav Monika , Yadav Deepak , Singh Dharam Pal , Kapoor Jitander Kumar 
Published: November 2024

ABSTRACTThis study explores the potential of newly synthesized macrocyclic Schiff base metal complexes containing Zn(II), Cu(II), Ni(II) and Co(II) ions as Topoisomerase IIβ inhibitors. The complexes were derived from the condensation of 2,3‐diamino‐5‐bromopyridine and 2,5‐thiophenedicarboxaldehyde. Their formation was confirmed through various spectroscopic techniques. To gain insights into their structure and potential biological activity, computational modeling was employed. The density functional theory (DFT) was utilized to optimize the molecular geometries of the complexes. Furthermore, in silico docking simulations with the AutoDock Vina and GOLD scoring function investigated their binding interactions with Topoisomerase IIβ, an enzyme critical for cancer cell proliferation. The combined computational analysis revealed promising binding affinities for all complexes, with complex 3b demonstrating the most favorable interaction with the target enzyme having binding energy −8.56 kcal/mol. To validate these in silico predictions, the cytotoxicity of the complexes was evaluated using the established MTT assay. The observed cytotoxicity results complemented the anticipated binding patterns, with Cu(II) complex 3b demonstrating the strongest inhibitory effect on cancer cells with IC50 value 0.04 μM. Additionally, the hemolytic effect of the complexes on human red blood cells (hRBCs) was assessed to determine their biocompatibility. This strong correlation between predicted interactions, observed cytotoxicity, and minimal hemolytic effect highlights the potential of these complexes, particularly 3b, as promising leads for developing novel anticancer drugs targeting Topoisomerase IIβ. Future research will focus on elucidating the detailed mechanism of action of these complexes and exploring their broader pharmacological profile.
Protein Purification Using Chitosan‐Modified Polyacrylonitrile Membranes
Authors: Andrade Gizele G. F. , Leal Andressa N. R. , Andrade Jéssica S. , Silva Joyce , Monte Rubenia S. , de Aguiar Maurício F. , da Silva Romário J. , de Melo Celso P. 
Published: November 2024

ABSTRACTProtein purification is essential for biomedical and industrial applications, but current methods often face challenges like low efficiency, high cost, and limited selectivity. To overcome these drawbacks, we developed electrospun polyacrylonitrile (PAN) membranes with chitosan (Cs) and evaluated their ability to capture bovine serum albumin (BSA) and immunoglobulin G (IgG) from aqueous solutions. Comparing PAN/Cs and pristine PAN membranes, we showed Cs significantly enhances BSA adsorption. The membranes were characterized using scanning electron microscopy, Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy, tensile testing, surface area analysis, energy‐dispersive X‐ray spectroscopy, and contact angle measurements. PAN/Cs membranes exhibited smooth, uniform fibers averaging 0.454 μm in diameter. The maximum BSA adsorption capacity () was 75.61 mg g−1 for PAN/Cs and 21.17 mg g−1 for PAN, while for IgG, was 28.83 mg g−1 for PAN/Cs and 19.77 mg g−1 for PAN. SDS‐PAGE electrophoresis confirmed that the eluted proteins maintained their quality and integrity. Elution efficiency of PAN/Cs membranes reached 89.13% for BSA and 62.16% for IgG. Additionally, PAN/Cs membranes selectively captured BSA and IgG when co‐dissolved in aqueous solutions. These results position PAN/Cs electrospun membranes as promising materials for efficient, cost‐effective, and selective protein purification, with potential applications in both biomedical and industrial fields.
Synthesis and Properties of High Melt Strength Poly(Butylene Succinate)
Authors: Jia Wanglong , Liu Yi , Han Na , Zheng Liuchun 
Published: November 2024

ABSTRACTDue to the good combined properties, poly(butylene succinate) (PBS) is a biodegradable polymer material with good application potential. Nevertheless, it has the drawback of low melt strength arising from its inherent linear macromolecular structure, which greatly restricts its processing, such as blowing. Multifunctional branching agents can be applied to boost polyester melt strength and improve blowing processability. In this work, the branched PBS was synthesized by introducing various branched agents, such as tartaric acid (TA), citric acid (CA), and pentaerythritol (PER), and their effect on the characteristics was systematically analyzed. Due to the incorporation of branched chains and micro‐crosslinking structures, mechanical characteristics and melt strength of polymers have been improved effectively. PBS‐PER0.1% exhibited tensile strength and elongation at break as high as 50.71 MPa and 347.92%, respectively. Additionally, crystallinity increases with the increase of PER content, which is opposite to the crystallinity of polymer synthesized from other branching agents. Thus, mechanical properties and rheological properties of PBS can be facilely controlled by regulating the chemical structure and content of branching agent.
Elevated parkinsonism symptoms in autism during middle and older adulthood are linked with psychosocial, physical health, and mental health outcomes
Authors: Wallace Gregory L. , Said Alex Job , McQuaid Goldie A. 
Published: November 2024

AbstractEvidence is growing for a link between parkinsonism, or the motor symptoms associated with Parkinson's Disease and autism. However, research to date has yet to examine whether the presence of these motoric symptoms impacts critical adult outcomes in autism. Therefore, the current study utilized a screening measure to bifurcate a relatively large (n = 379) sample of middle and older age autistic adults (40–83 years) into parkinsonism screen positive (n = 119) versus parkinsonism screen negative (n = 260) groups in order to compare them on broad metrics of daily living skills and subjective quality of life as well as non‐motoric features linked to parkinsonism, namely memory problems, sleep quality, and depression symptoms. Overall, co‐occurring parkinsonism was linked with lower subjective quality of life, more memory problems, lower sleep quality, and greater depression symptoms in autistic adults. Taken together, these findings implicate an important co‐occurring motoric phenotype in middle and older adulthood for autistic people that could have significant real‐world impacts yet has been largely neglected in the extant literature to date.
Guidelines for robotic credentialling in reconstructive and functional urology. Consensus study
Authors: Harley Frances , Ruseckaite Rasa , Fong Eva , Yao Henry Han‐I , Hashim Hashim , O'Connell Helen E. 
Published: November 2024

AbstractObjectivesThis study aims to define criteria for robotic reconstructive and functional urology credentialing using expert consensus. A recent narrative review identified a lack of standardised minimal requirements for performing robotic‐assisted surgery procedures. The substantial variability or absence of a standardised curriculum and credentialing process within a highly specialised surgical field is often insufficient to guarantee surgeon proficiency and could potentially jeopardise patient safety.Subjects and MethodsThirty‐five international robotic surgery experts in urology and urogynaecology, selected based on surgical and research expertise, were invited to participate as expert panellists. Using a modified Delphi process the experts were asked to indicate their agreement with the proposed list of recommendations that was identified from the literature and review of relevant international credentialing policies in three electronic survey rounds.ResultsFourteen experts participated in round 1 of online surveys, 9 in round 2 and 13 in round 3. From 50 statements presented to the Delphi panel in round 1, a total of 39 recommendations (32 from round 1, 4 from round 2 and 3 from round 3) with median importance (MI) ≥ 7 and disagreement index (DI) < 1 were proposed for inclusion into the final draft set and were reviewed by the project team. Panellists agreed reconstructive and functional urology required its own specific modular training curriculum as the foundation for robotic training and a surgeon must have appropriate training i.e., fellowship or evidence of speciality training in functional urology.ConclusionsThis was the first study to develop preliminary guidelines on credentialing for robotic surgery in reconstructive and functional urology. A Delphi approach was employed to establish comprehensive credentialing criteria for robotic‐assisted surgery. The consistent adoption of these criteria across institutions will foster the proficiency of robotic surgeons and has the potential to bring improvements in patient outcomes.
Integrating CSR with environmental consciousness and commitment: Pathways to employee stewardship in Vietnam's mechanical manufacturing sector
Authors: Pham Hung M. , Pham Anh D. , Tran Dung V. , Vuong Nham L. , Nguyen Ha D. N. 
Published: November 2024

AbstractThis research investigates the influence of perceived corporate social responsibility (CSR) on employee environmental stewardship actions (ESA) by drawing upon social exchange theory (SET) and social identity theory (SIT). The mediating role of environmental consciousness (ECS) and commitment (ECM) within this relationship is also examined. The empirical research builds on a sample survey involving 392 participants from various mechanical manufacturing firms in Hanoi, Vietnam. The proposed model was analyzed using a Partial Least Squares Structural Equation Modeling (PLS‐SEM) approach. We find that (i) perceived CSR positively impacts employees' ESA, and (ii) both ECS and ECM mediate the relationship between perceived CSR and ESA. These results suggest that CSR fosters ESA through direct and indirect pathways (via ECS or ECM). This research offers valuable insights for businesses in the manufacturing industry, informing the development of effective CSR strategies that promote environmental sustainability among employees.
DNA Cleavage System by Nanomaterials
Authors: Li Jinci , Zhao Yingcan 
Published: November 2024

AbstractDNA cleavage using specific agents is essential for gaining insights into the mechanisms of DNA breakage, repair, and signal transduction. These cleaving agents hold significant promise as therapeutic drugs in biomedical applications. Recently, the development of biomimetic nanozymes – an innovative class of inorganic nanomaterials that exhibit enzyme‐like catalytic activity – has paved the way for creating of novel DNA cleavage systems. Nanomaterials have been utilized as DNA cleavage agents due to their exceptional catalytic activity and stability. This review summarized the DNA cleavage activities and mechanisms with various nanomaterials. This review study will have great importance in designing the next‐generation “CRISPR” nanomaterials for more biomedical and environmental applications.
The Influence of Temperature on Charging Effects in Mask During Plasma Etching
Authors: Zhang Peng 
Published: November 2024

ABSTRACTThis research examines the correlation between temperature effects and surface charging problems on a silicon dioxide mask using simulation techniques. The findings of this study validate the significance of considering electron–solid interactions, especially when influenced by varying temperatures. The impacts of temperature changes on the spatial distributions of net charge deposition, electric potential, and electric field are examined. It was noted that the temperature rise leads to an increase in the concentration of positively charged holes near the surface of the mask, thereby diminishing the spatial dispersion of positive potential. This results in a less conspicuous alteration of the mask profile as the temperature increases. This investigation is anticipated to possess substantial significance and offer valuable insights for optimizing mask design.
Gaussian Mixture—Expectation Maximization–Based Learned AMP Network With CNN Deep Residual Network for Millimeter Wave Communication
Authors: K Shoukath Ali , Philip Sajan P , T Perarasi 
Published: November 2024

ABSTRACTIn millimeter wave (mmWave) multiple input and multiple output (MIMO) hybrid systems, estimating beamspace channels is complex due to the use of fewer RF chains compared with the number of transceiver antennas. Additionally, beamspace channels exhibit sparsity, making channel estimation a sparse signal recovery problem. This problem can be addressed using iterative algorithms such as orthogonal matching pursuit (OMP), approximate message passing (AMP), and learned AMP (LAMP) enabled by deep neural networks (DNNs). Two methods—GM‐LAMP and GM‐EM‐LAMP—have been proposed in the literature to improve channel estimation accuracy further. The GM‐LAMP algorithm employs a Gaussian mixture (GM)–based shrinkage function within the LAMP network to enhance estimation accuracy. The GM‐EM‐LAMP algorithm incorporates the expectation maximization (EM) algorithm to recover channel information from the beamspace channel vector. However, both methods result in noisy computed channel matrices. This article addresses this challenge by proposing a GM‐EM‐LAMP network integrated with a convolutional neural network deep residual network (CDRN). The proposed method enhances the contraction function and the DNN, modeling channel estimation as a denoising problem using an element‐wise subtraction structure. The spatial properties of the channel matrix are estimated using GM‐EM‐LAMP, and the outputs of GM‐EM‐LAMP are fed into the CDRN network. Compared with existing algorithms such as LS‐CDRN, OMP‐CDRN, AMP‐CDRN, LAMP‐CDRN, and GM‐LAMP‐CDRN, the proposed approach provides superior results in terms of normalized mean squared error (NMSE) and enhanced spectral gains.
Roaming the Seas—Assessing Marine Invertebrate Biodiversity Along Salinity Gradients With Zooplankton and eDNA Metabarcoding
Authors: Ohnesorge Alica , John Uwe , Kuczynski Lucie , Neuhaus Stefan , Beng Kingsly Chuo , Krock Bernd , Laakmann Silke 
Published: November 2024

ABSTRACTMarine metazoan biodiversity is accretively being explored through environmental DNA (eDNA) metabarcoding of seawater. However, knowledge gaps in the use of eDNA to study changes in diversity resulting from changing abiotic conditions still do exist. In order to address these gaps, we analyzed patterns of marine invertebrate biodiversity based on eDNA from water and sediment samples along a decreasing salinity gradient from the North Sea toward the Baltic Sea. eDNA was collected from surface (SW) and bottom (BW) water, and from the uppermost sediment layer (SE). To supplement the eDNA approach, we conducted parallel zooplankton (ZP) metabarcoding and morphological identification. DNA was extracted from eDNA and ZP samples, amplified using two universal primers that target of the mitochondrial cytochrome c oxidase subunit 1 (COI) and the nuclear ribosomal 18S rRNA genes, and paired‐end sequenced on Illumina Miseq. Metabarcoding detected 279 metazoan species (from 16 phyla) of which > 87% are known from the study area or adjacent regions. Communities identified in SW eDNA were a subset of communities identified in ZP metabarcoding. BW eDNA had additional benthic (mainly bivalve) species. Communities identified in SE eDNA were distinct from those in water eDNA and ZP metabarcoding, and mainly represented by in‐ and meiofauna. Out of all approaches, only ZP metabarcoding uncovered the expected decrease in species richness toward brackish conditions. Neither salinity nor spatial distance had a significant effect on species composition. All approaches revealed regional differences of which SE eDNA was least informative. The detection of holoplanktonic species from SE eDNA provided evidence for sinking of eDNA particles, dead organisms or the presence of resting eggs. Our study confirms the value of metabarcoding to identify the North Sea and Baltic Sea invertebrates and underscores the importance of combining multiple approaches to understand invertebrate biodiversity and its change in the marine realm.
Nucleus accumbens shell electrical lesion attenuates seizures and gliosis in chronic temporal lobe epilepsy rats
Authors: Xue Shuaishuai , Yi Peiyao , Mao Yangqi , Zhan Zhengming , Cai Yonghua , Song Zibin , Wang Kewan , Yang Kaijun , Song Ye , Wang Xingqin , Long Hao 
Published: November 2024

AbstractObjectiveTemporal lobe epilepsy (TLE) is the most prevalent form of epilepsy. Prior research has indicated the involvement of the nucleus accumbens shell (NAcSh) in the process of epileptogenesis, thereby implying its potential as a therapeutic target for TLE. In the present study, we investigated the antiepileptic effect of the NAcSh electrical lesion.MethodsChronic TLE was induced by stereotactic injection of kainic acid (KA) into the hippocampus 3 weeks after KA administration, and NAcSh electrical lesions were performed. Seizures in rats were monitored by video electroencephalogram (EEG) 1 week following the NAcSh electrical lesion. Besides, the spatial memory function assessment in rats was conducted using the Morris water maze (MWM) test in the final week of the experiment. Later, hippocampal glial cell activation and neuron loss in rats were evaluated through immunohistochemistry.ResultsTLE rats subjected to NAcSh electrical lesion exhibited a significant reduction in the frequency of seizures compared to untreated TLE rats. Furthermore, NAcSh electrical lesion led to less activation of hippocampal glial cells and fewer neuronal loss in TLE rats. It is worth noting that the NAcSh electrical lesion did not cause additional memory impairment.SignificanceIn the present study, the NAcSh electrical lesion exhibited a definitive therapeutic effect on the chronic TLE rat model, potentially due to decreased hippocampal TLE‐induced activation of glial cells and neuron loss. In conclusion, our results indicated that the NAcSh is a promising therapeutic target for TLE and possesses high potential for clinical application.
A Quantification Approach of Changes in Firms' Financial Situation Using Neural Networks for Predicting Bankruptcy
Authors: du Jardin Philippe 
Published: November 2024

ABSTRACTFor a very long time, bankruptcy models were considered ahistorical, as they were mostly based on ratios measured over a single year. However, time is an essential variable that explains a firm's ability to survive. It is precisely for these reasons that measures intended to represent firm history have been studied and progressively used to complement traditional explanatory variables using financial ratios or variation indicators of such ratios. Even if these measures are not totally useless, they failed to be widely used in the literature. This is the reason why we propose a method, called temporal financial pattern–based method (TPM) that makes it possible to efficiently represent a firm's history using a quantification process and use the result of this process to improve model accuracy. This method relies on an estimation of typical temporal financial patterns that govern changes in a firm's financial situation over time, using neural networks. The results demonstrate that TPM leads to better prediction accuracy than that achieved with traditional models.
Characteristics and Material Sources of Global Brine‐Type Lithium Deposits
Authors: Bing Pan , Ting Ding , Zhijun Zhu , Shaohua Wei 
Published: November 2024

ABSTRACTLithium brine deposits are mainly distributed in the three major plateaus of the world: the Qinghai‐Tibet Plateau in China, the Andean Plateau in South America and the Western Plateau in North America, forming the three major lithium ore‐forming regions in the world. The lithium‐rich salt lakes on the Qinghai‐Tibet Plateau in China include Zabuye Salt Lake, Nam Co Salt Lake and Da Qaidam Salt Lake. The lithium‐rich salt lakes on the Andean Plateau in South America mainly include Uyuni Salt Lake and Atacama Salt Lake, while the lithium‐rich salt lakes on the Western Plateau in North America mainly include the Salton Sea and Clayton Valley. Based on a large amount of data collection, this article analyses the characteristics of the lithium‐rich salt lakes on the three plateaus, and concludes that the tectonic background of the lithium‐rich salt lakes is mostly associated with subduction‐collision orogenic belts, surrounded by abundant igneous rocks. The main source of lithium is deep‐seated hydrothermal fluids leaching lithium from rocks and bringing it to the surface in the form of hot springs, replenishing the salt lakes.