bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
No evidence for follicular keratinocyte hyperproliferation in acne lesions as compared to autologous healthy hair follicles
Authors: Persson Gabriella , Johansson‐Jänkänpää Emma , Ganceviciene Ruta , Karadag Ayse Serap , Bilgili Serap Gunes , Omer Hélène , Alexeyev Oleg A. 
Published: March 2018

AbstractAbnormal hyperkeratinization in sebaceous hair follicles has long been believed to play an important role in acne pathogenesis. Several early reports purported to provide histological evidence for hyperproliferation of keratinocytes in acne lesions by showing a higher expression of the Ki67 as well as certain keratins. The evidence is, however, not robust, and a number of methodological and technical limitations can be identified in these studies. In this study, we looked at the expression of proliferation, mitosis and apoptosis markers directly at acne skin lesions in 66 patients with acne vulgaris. Ki67 was assessed using immunohistochemistry and α‐tubulin, phospho‐histone H3 and cleaved‐PARP with immunofluorescence microscopy. Allogenic unaffected hair follicles from the same acne patients were used as an internal control. In both acne and control hair follicles, the α‐tubulin staining was universal, approaching 100% cells and showed no signs of changed assembly. Expression of cleaved‐PARP—the apoptosis marker—was a rare event. Cell proliferation rate measured by the expression of Ki67 and phospho‐histone H3 was virtually identical between acne and the two control groups. Our findings show the absence of increased keratinocyte proliferation in acne vulgaris. Alternative mechanisms are likely responsible for infundibular hyperkeratinization in acne pathogenesis.
Tamper‐resistant prescription forms for narcotics in France: Should we generalize them?
Authors: Daveluy Amélie , Sauvaget Lucie , Bastien Angela , Lapeyre‐Mestre Maryse , Collin Cédric , Richard Nathalie , Haramburu Françoise 
Published: March 2018

AbstractIn France, prescription of narcotics must be written on a tamper‐resistant prescription form with specific technical particularities. Dosage and daily dose of medicines shall be written out entirely in letters. These prescription forms are also mandatory for buprenorphine, clorazepate, clonazepam, tianeptine, buccal midazolam and zolpidem owing to traffic, abuse or diversion. In 2012, to assess the use of standard and tamper‐resistant prescription forms and the acceptability of the generalization of the latter to all medicines, a national opinion survey was performed, with a postal questionnaire, within three randomized samples of 1500 prescribers (physicians, dentists and midwives). Of the 403 participating prescribers (participation rate of 26.8%), 373 were physicians, 14 dentists and 16 midwives. Tamper‐resistant prescription forms were used by 76.2% of prescribers, but only by 5.1% in a computerized version, whereas for standard prescription forms, 61% used computer assisted prescription software. The main reason was the inability of the prescription software to print these forms or to respect the mandatory prescription rules for narcotics. Theft and falsification of prescriptions had ever occurred (working life). Most prescribers (62.5%) were against the generalization of tamper‐resistant prescription forms. Those in favour were for a generalization to all medicines (65%) and not only to psychotropic agents. Generalization of tamper‐resistant prescription forms is not a consensual solution to prevent medicines’ diversion. Some prescribers alluded to the possibility of dematerialization and electronic transmission of prescription forms, which could avoid theft, forgery or falsification.
Impact of frailty on chronic pain, activities of daily living and physical activity in community‐dwelling older adults: A cross‐sectional study
Authors: Hirase Tatsuya , Kataoka Hideki , Nakano Jiro , Inokuchi Shigeru , Sakamoto Junya , Okita Minoru 
Published: March 2018

AimThe present cross‐sectional study investigated the relationship between frailty and chronic pain, activities of daily living (ADL), and physical activity in community‐dwelling older adults.MethodsParticipants were 379 older adults who attended community‐based exercise classes. Outcome measures were frailty as determined by the Kihon Checklist, full pain assessment (including the sensory, emotional and cognitive aspects of pain), ADL and physical activity. These outcomes were evaluated using validated tests and instruments. Assessments were carried out before beginning the exercise classes. Outcome measures were compared for participants with and without frailty. Frailty was defined as a total Kihon Checklist score ≥7, and chronic pain as the presence of related symptoms within the past month that had continued for at least 6 months and corresponded with a numerical rating scale score of at ≥5 at the site of maximum pain.ResultsIn total, 134 (35.4%) participants met the frailty criteria; 60.4% of this group had chronic pain. The frail group had significantly worse scores for the sensory, emotional and cognitive aspects of pain, ADL and physical activity than the non‐frail group (P < 0.05). Logistic regression analysis adjusted for age and sex showed the sensory and emotional aspects of pain were associated with frailty.ConclusionsFor community‐dwelling older adults with frailty, chronic pain can negatively influence sensory, emotional and cognitive aspects of pain, leading to a decline in ADL and lower physical activity. Full pain assessment focused on sensory and emotional aspects of pain is important to identify frailty among older adults. Geriatr Gerontol Int 2018; 18: 1079–1084.
Application of the Nexø method in a general dental practice in the Netherlands: 6‐year results of a RCT
Authors: Vermaire JH 
Published: March 2018

AbstractObjectivesThe aim of this study was to establish the effect of a non‐operative caries treatment programme (the Nexø method) in a general dental practice on dental caries, oral hygiene and self‐reported motivational factors for a 6‐year period.MethodsA randomized clinical controlled trial study on caries‐preventive measures in 6‐ to 12‐year‐old children was performed among 3 groups of children: (i) care as usual (dental check‐ups twice a year, accompanied by a professional fluoride application and the placement of occlusal sealants on a routine basis) (CONTROL); (ii) care as usual plus 2 extra professional fluoride applications (IPFA); or (iii) a non‐operative caries treatment programme based on the Nexø method in which recall interval and caries‐preventive measures were individualized based on caries activity, eruption stage and motivation of the parent (NOCTP).ResultsA total of 106 12‐year‐old children of the initial 230 6‐year‐olds completed the full‐length study. Children in the NOCTP group developed 0.67 decayed, missing or filled surfaces (DMFS). This value was 0.86 in the IPFA group and 1.02 in control group. The level of oral hygiene was most favourable in the NOCTP group (OHI‐s score 0.61 vs 0.87 [IPFA] and 0.70 [control]). Differences were not statistically significant.ConclusionChildren who followed the NOCTP programme in this general dental practice did not develop significantly fewer new caries lesions compared with children in the IPFA group or the control group after 6 years. However, the differences identified after the first 3 years of the trial remained apparent.
Observational cohort study of outcomes in patients admitted to the intensive care unit for acute exacerbation of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease
Authors: Sivakumar Sivanth , McNally Angus , Tobin Jonathan , Williamson Jonathan , Aneman Anders 
Published: March 2018

AbstractBackgroundPatients with acute exacerbation of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (AECOPD) are often referred to the intensive care unit (ICU) for non‐invasive respiratory support.AimsTo describe the characteristics of patients with AECOPD admitted to ICU focusing on the performance of ICU prognostic systems, decisions to limit medical therapy and mortality outcomes.MethodsRetrospective review of patients admitted between 2009 and 2016, separately in patients with active treatment and limitation or withdrawal of medical therapy. ICU acuity scores, blood gas analyses and ICU, in‐hospital and 1‐year mortality were analysed using descriptive statistics and logistic regression.ResultsA total of 403 patients was studied with an overall ICU mortality of 6.4%. The predicted risk of death in hospital using ICU scoring systems was 19% compared to the observed mortality of 15%. One‐year mortality was 34%. Patients with limitation of medical therapy represented 32% of the total cohort and had higher mortality in ICU (13%), in hospital (30%) and at 1‐year follow up (53%). Withdrawal of life‐sustaining therapy occurred in 4% of patients who all died in ICU. Decreased arterial oxygenation and bicarbonate concentration as well as increased arterial carbon dioxide levels were overall associated with an increased likelihood of in‐hospital mortality but no independent predictors of 1‐year mortality were identified.ConclusionIn patients admitted to ICU for AECOPD, limitations of medical therapy are frequent and associated with significant mortality. Involving palliative care in addition to respiratory physicians and intensivists in the management of AECOPD patients admitted to ICU needs to be explored further.
Microstructural evolution of amorphous Si2BC3N nanopowders upon heating at high temperatures: High pressures reverse the nucleation order of SiC andBN(C)
Authors: Liang Bin , Jia Dechang , Liao Xingqi , Zhu Qishuai , Chen Qingqing , Yang Zhihua , Tian Feng , Li Xiaoyun , Zhou Yu 
Published: March 2018

AbstractAmorphous Si2BC3N nanopowders (NPs) were heated at 1000‐1700°C temperatures for 30 minutes in 1 atm N2. The changes in phases, chemical bonds, and microstructures were investigated byXRD,XPS,NMR,TEM, and first‐principles calculation. Increases in heating temperatures lead to the nucleation and growth of SiC andBN(C) grains, along with partial transformation of SiC4units from amorphous to β/α‐SiC, and collapse of B–C–N bonds. SiC nucleates prior toBN(C) at 1 atm, while it goes in the opposite order at high pressures (≥1GPa). High pressures also shift the initial temperatures of crystallization of amorphous Si2BC3NNPs from 1400°C (1 atm) to 1150°C (5 GPa).
Cetylpyridinium chloride direct spray treatments reduce Salmonella on cantaloupe rough surfaces
Authors: Saucedo‐Alderete Raúl O. , Eifert Joseph D. , Boyer Renee R. , Williams Robert C. , Welbaum Gregory E. 
Published: March 2018

AbstractCetylpyridinium chloride (CPC) solutions (0, 0.5, or 1.0%) were applied to cantaloupe (“Athena” and “Hale's Best Jumbo” cultivars) rind plugs, either before or after inoculation with a broth culture of Salmonella Michigan (109 CFU/mL) and held at 37°C for 1 or 24 hr. Rind plugs were diluted, shaken, and sonicated, and solutions were enumerated. Texture quality and color were evaluated over 14 days storage at 4°C after 0 and 1% CPC spray applications. A 0.5 or 1.0% (vol/vol) application of CPC after Salmonella reduced the pathogen levels between 2.34 log CFU/mL and 5.16 log CFU/mL in comparison to the control (p < .01). No differences were observed in the firmness and color of 1% CPC treated cantaloupes. Salmonella concentrations on cantaloupes, treated with 1.0% CPC, were lower after 1 hr storage as compared to 24 hr. And, Salmonella on “Athena” surfaces were more susceptible to CPC spray treatments than on “Hale's Best Jumbo.”Practical applicationsCetylpyridinium chloride (CPC) is the active ingredient of some antiseptic oral mouth rinses, and has a broad antimicrobial spectrum with a rapid bactericidal effect on gram‐positive pathogens. The spray application of CPC solutions to cantaloupe may reduce the level of Salmonella surface contamination during production from irrigation water and manure fertilizers and, during food processing by contaminated equipment and food handlers. Since the surfaces of cantaloupes are highly rough or irregular, bacteria can easily attach to these surfaces and become difficult to remove. Appropriate postharvest washing and sanitizing procedures are needed that can help control Salmonella and other pathogens on melons, especially on cantaloupes with nested surfaces. A direct surface spray application of CPC may be an alternative antimicrobial postharvest treatment to reduce pathogen contamination of cantaloupe melons, while providing an alternative to chlorine‐based solutions.
Comparison of changes in the oxygenated hemoglobin level during a ‘modified rock‐paper‐scissors task’ between healthy subjects and patients with schizophrenia
Authors: Sato Mamoru , Shoji Yoshihisa , Morita Kiichiro , Kato Yusuke , Ishii Youhei , Nakano Shinya , Uchimura Naohisa 
Published: March 2018

AimThe purpose of this study, using single‐event‐related near‐infrared spectroscopy (NIRS), was to examine the psychophysiological and social function assessment of 30 schizophrenic patients during a modified rock‐paper‐scissors task.MethodsWe set up a screen in front of the subjects, on which pictures of hand‐gestures for rock, paper, and scissors were randomly presented. Subjects were asked to give verbal answers under the conditions of win, lose, and draw, respectively. Using the 44‐channel NIRS system, we evaluated the maximum amplitude of oxygenated hemoglobin, latency, and the area based on the arithmetic mean of resulting values after the task between 30 outpatients with schizophrenia and 30 healthy subjects, and analyzed the frontal pole area, dorsolateral prefrontal region, and parietal association area as regions of interest (ROI).ResultsIn schizophrenic patients, oxygenated hemoglobin changes (Δoxy‐Hb) when losing the task showed a significantly lower level of Δoxy‐Hb in ROI than controls. In addition, a significant positive correlation was observed between the Global Assessment of Functioning Scale and Δoxy‐Hb in ROI, and a significant negative correlation was observed between the Negative Syndrome scale of the Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale and Δoxy‐Hb in ROI.ConclusionFrom these results, we conclude that Δoxy‐Hb levels when performing the modified rock‐paper‐scissors task assessed using NIRS may be a useful psychophysiological marker to evaluate the cognitive and social functions of schizophrenic patients.
Short anagen syndrome: Case series and literature review
Authors: Oberlin Kate E. , Maddy Austin J. , Martínez‐Velasco María Abril , Vázquez‐Herrera Norma Elizabeth , Schachner Lawrence A. , Tosti Antonella 
Published: March 2018

AbstractBackground/ObjectivesShort anagen syndrome is a hair cycle disorder usually diagnosed in early childhood and characterized by short hair length due to short duration of the anagen phase. The objective was to review the presentation and demographic characteristics of short anagen syndrome and compare them with the most common differential diagnosis, loose anagen syndrome.MethodsA retrospective review of eight children with short anagen syndrome was performed at the University of Miami Outpatient Dermatology Clinic.ResultsThe diagnosis of short anagen syndrome was confirmed according to clinical findings and characteristic short telogen hairs with pointed tips on the hair pull test.ConclusionThis is the largest reported clinical series of short anagen syndrome thus far in the literature.
Pediatric Old World cutaneous leishmaniasis treated with oral fluconazole: A case series
Authors: Michelerio Andrea , Barruscotti Stefania , Bossi Grazia , Brazzelli Valeria 
Published: March 2018

AbstractBackgroundCutaneous leishmaniasis has an incidence of 0.7–1.2 million cases per year and represents a growing concern in the outpatient dermatologic practice in Europe because of imported cases due to increased travel to risk areas and to immigration phenomena. When dealing with children, the treatment can be challenging because of side effects and pain of classic antimonial therapy leading to poor rates of course completion and requirement of sedation for several children.MethodsWe retrospectively studied three cases of cutaneous leishmaniasis in pediatric patients, between the ages of 3 and 6 years of age, treated with oral fluconazole. We examined the efficacy, the tolerability, the safety profile and the cosmetic result of fluconazole at a dose of 6 mg/kg/daily for 6 weeks.ResultsThe patients had a complete resolution of their lesions with minimal scarring. No adverse effect was reported. The leishmaniasis species identified were L. major or L. tropica.ConclusionConsidering sides effects and the parents’ and the clinician's concern for systemic treatment in the pediatric population, fluconazole represents a valid, safe and easily manageable option for Old World cutaneous leishmaniasis in pediatric outpatients caused by L. major or L. tropica.
Resveratrol–cyclodextrin complex affects the expression of genes associated with lipid metabolism in bovine in vitro produced embryos
Authors: Torres V , Hamdi M , Millán de la Blanca MG , Urrego R , Echeverri J , López‐Herrera A , Rizos D , Gutiérrez‐Adán A , Sánchez‐Calabuig MJ 
Published: March 2018

ContentsAntioxidants have been widely used during in vitro production to decrease the negative effect of reactive oxygen species. It was reported that the complex resveratrol–methyl β‐cyclodextrin (RV‐CD) improves resveratrol's stability and bioavailability and increases its antioxidant activity. This study evaluates the effect of RV‐CD during in vitro oocyte maturation (IVM) or in vitro embryo culture (IVC) on developmental competence and quantitative changes in gene expression of developmental important genes. In experiment 1, RV‐CD was added to IVM media and maturation level, embryo development and oocytes, cumulus cells, and blastocysts gene expression by RT‐qPCR were examined. In experiment 2, presumptive zygotes were cultured in SOF supplemented with RV‐CD and embryo development and blastocysts gene expression by RT‐qPCR were studied. A group without RV‐CD (control−) and a group with cyclodextrin (control+) were included. No differences were found in cleavage rate or blastocyst yield between groups. However, the expression of LIPE was higher in blastocysts derived from oocytes treated with resveratrol compared with control groups (p < .05). Blastocysts produced by IVC with resveratrol showed that RV‐CD could modify the expression of genes related to lipid metabolism (CYP51A1, PNPLA2 and MTORC1) compared with control groups (p < .05). RV‐CD in the IVM and IVC media could reduce accumulated fat by increasing lipolysis and suppressing lipogenesis of blastocysts.
Red blood cell transfusion after a global strategy for early detection and treatment of iron deficiency anemia: three‐year results of a prospective observational study
Authors: de las Nieves Lopez Miguel Angel , Matas Cobos Ana Maria , Sarria Gonzalez Francisco , Dominguez Lomeña Maria Jose , Palomo Hernandez Ana Maria , Gil Gines Encarnación , Serna Juan Salvador , Ampuero Ampuero Javier , Marin Fernandez Antonio , Vazquez de la Villa Antonia 
Published: March 2018

BACKGROUNDAnemia is the main indication for red blood cell (RBC) transfusion and iron deficiency is the most prevalent, preventable, and treatable cause of anemia worldwide. We aimed to assess the impact of iron deficiency anemia (IDA) on RBC transfusion by means of a program for prevention, early detection, and treatment.STUDY DESIGN AND METHODSA prospective observational study was conducted starting in 2014 after an intervention in clinical practice in Melilla, a peripheral city isolated by 207 km sea distance to nearest continental Spain. Recommendations were proposed for first‐step diagnosis of iron deficiency in the laboratory, oral iron prevention and treatment in primary care, and intravenous iron complexes and RBC transfusion for hospital management. Reduction in RBC use for years 2014 to 2016 was the primary outcome, with the period 2010 to 2013 considered as baseline performance for statistical analysis.RESULTSCompared to baseline, there was a significant (p < 0.05) increase in mean (±SD) yearly reference population (79,748 ± 3265 vs. 85,376 ± 781), ferritin assays (6980 ± 997 vs. 11,794 ± 1567), admissions (6768 ± 239 vs. 7629 ± 191), and subjects exposed to iron therapy (3975 ± 0.0 vs. 4667 ± 21 for oral, 54 ± 7 vs. 257 ± 109 for sucrose, and 128 ± 9 vs.176 ± 15 for carboxymaltose iron). Mean yearly number of RBC units transfused decreased (1622 ± 112 vs. 1434 ± 44; p = 0.043), with a mean reduction of 11.6% from baseline, or 21.4% when estimated by units transfused per 1000 admissions.CONCLUSIONSManagement of IDA is a target to avoid RBC transfusion, and awareness of this health problem should be among the first pillars for any patient blood management program.
Modifiers of mesenchymal stem cell quantity and quality
Authors: Russell Athena L. , Lefavor Rebecca , Durand Nisha , Glover Loren , Zubair Abba C. 
Published: March 2018

BACKGROUNDClinical trials involving mesenchymal stem cell (MSC) therapy have variable outcomes. We hypothesize this is largely attributed to donor‐to‐donor variability and tissue of origin.STUDY DESIGN AND METHODSWe examined proliferation rates, cytokine secretion profiles, and differentiation capability of seven bone marrow–derived MSCs (BM‐MSCs) and 16 adipose tissue–derived MSCs (AD‐MSCs) from 23 donors.RESULTSAD‐MSCs had the capacity to undergo more than 40 population doublings, while the BM‐MSC proliferation rate was found to be considerably slower. We observed more donor‐to‐donor variability in proliferation rates of BM‐MSCs than with AD‐MSCs. Cytokine analysis revealed that secretion of eight cytokines was significantly increased by AD‐MSCs at Passage (P)3 compared with P1, while for BM‐MSCs at P3 relative to P1, only interleukin‐8 and RANTES secretion was significantly increased. By P5, secretion of all cytokines by AD‐MSCs was either decreased or unchanged relative to P1. In contrast, cytokine secretion by BM‐MSCs at P5 was mostly unchanged, although secretion of six cytokines was significantly increased relative to P1. When we compared cytokine secretion between AD‐MSCs and BM‐MSCs at P3, AD‐MSCs significantly secreted higher concentrations of cytokines than BM‐MSCs while the opposite was observed at P5. This suggests that BM‐MSCs are relatively more potent at P5 while AD‐MSCs are relatively more potent at P3. AD‐MSCs and BM‐MSCs exhibited the capacity for chondrogenic differentiation. AD‐MSCs and BM‐MSCs appeared to display a more enhanced inclination toward adipogenic and osteogenic differentiation, respectively.CONCLUSIONMSC physiology is significantly influenced by donor variability and tissue of origin and this should be considered when designing clinical trials.