bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Application of Modified Adomian Decomposition Method to (2+1)-dimensional Non-linear Wu-Zhang system
Authors: F. Qasim Ahmed , Y. Ali Zead 
Published: February 2018

In this paper, the Domain decomposition method (ADM) with modified polynomials is applied for nonlinear (2+1) â€“ dimensional Wu-Zhang system . we compared the solution of the system with MVIM, HPM and RDTM [ 17,13,15]. The numerical results obtained by this polynomial are very effective, convenient and quite accurate to system of partial differential equations. A comparative between the modifications method and the other methods is present from some examples to show the efficiency of each method.
The superiority of fuzzy exponential faimly distributions in measuring the reliability of the machines
Authors: Shamkhi Jaber Adnan , Fahm Talal Safa 
Published: February 2018

The study of the efficiency of the reliability of systems or productive systems in scientific life has a significant and important role in the scientific and technological development of these systems. This study deals with the superiority of mass fuzzy exponential distributions (exponential, wibble, kama, natural logarithmic) in measuring the reliability of the machines of the successive system.
The applied study included data taken from the Diesel Station north of Diwaniyah, which is the time of failure and taken to a single block consisting of five machines operating respectively.
The most important results of the study are that the data follow the distributions of the mass fuzzy exponential and the best distribution is the natural distribution logarithmic as the owner of the highest reliability as it turns out that the machines decreased significantly and largely because of the lack of preventive maintenance of these machines because of lack of equipment backup materials as a result of the austerity policy as well as the poor fuel used in operation.
Adaptación de Alumnos según estilos de Afrontamiento Individual al Primer año de la Carrera de Arquitectura
Authors: Cañete Islas Omar Eduardo 
Published: February 2018

El desafío y aporte en esta propuesta es aplicar, mediante técnicas de auto reporte, tanto una clasificación del estilo primario y secundario de afrontamiento, en un contexto de desempeño grupal de alumnos de primer año de la carrera de arquitectura de la Universidad de Valparaíso, en el marco de los criterios y objetivos de autorregulación promovidos por la Universidad a través de la Unidad de división Académica. Con esto, se espera obtener medidas cuantitativas y cualitativas de la evolución individual y cambios en los procesos de autorregulación del aprendizaje, asociado a la experiencia de trabajo grupal.
Motivación Laboral. Elemento Fundamental en el Éxito Organizacional
Authors: Peña Rivas Humberto Coromoto , Villón Perero Sabina Gisella 
Published: February 2018

El presente estudio tiene como objetivo analizar la influencia de la motivación en el talento humano y determinar los factores que tienen mayor impacto en el desempeño laboral. La investigación se desarrolló en base a una metodología hermenéutica, que inició en la revisión bibliográfica-documental permitiendo obtener las referencias teóricas, criterios básicos y relevantes acerca de la motivación laboral, de tal manera que la obtención, identificación y descripción de los datos facilitó el logro del objetivo planteado, obteniendo como resultado que un empleado motivado brindará a la empresa un mejor desempeño, desarrollará sentido de pertenencia, fidelidad a lo que hace, reflejando como consecuencia beneficios tanto para la empresa como para los empleados concluyendo que el comportamiento de un empleado en la organización, depende de los factores motivacionales que se apliquen a fin de satisfacer sus necesidades básicas como son las buenas relaciones laborales, la satisfacción laboral, clima laboral positivo y los resultados de la satisfacción laboral; actualmente, motivar de manera acertada se ha convertido en una actividad que logrará que los empleados creen un sentido de pertenencia y la actividad que realiza cada uno de ellos, arroje resultados positivos a fin de contribuir con éxito en lo que hace la organización. Como elemento fundamental en el desarrollo asertivo de la organización, la motivación guarda una estrecha relación con la satisfacción laboral, las relaciones laborales y el entorno laboral, sin dejar de lado al rol del gerente quien juega un papel especial, al momento de llevar la responsabilidad de dirección y de aplicar las estrategias más adecuadas de motivación dentro de una organización empresarial.
Bel ağrısı nedeniyle polikliniğimize başvuran hastalarda skolyoz sıklığı ve Cobb açısı değerlerinin yaş ve cinsiyet ile ilişkisi.
Authors: ATILGAN ÇELİK Ayşe , COŞKUN Semra , KILINÇ Onur , YILDIRIM Adem 
Published: February 2018

Amaç: Bu çalışmanın amacı
polikliniğimize bel ağrısı ile başvuran hastalarda skolyoz sıklığını saptamak
ve Cobb açısı ile yaş ve
cinsiyet arasında ilişkisi olup olmadığını araştırmaktı.Yöntem:
Bel ağrısı ile
polikliniğimize başvuran 10837 hastanın verileri retrospektif olarak
değerlendirildi. Öykü ve fizik muayane bulgularına göre skolyozdan şüphelenilip
skolyoz grafisi çektirilen 130 hastanın verileri çalışmamıza dahil edildi.
Hastaların omurga eğrilik dereceleri radyografik olarak anterio-posterior yönde
tüm omurgayı görmeyi sağlayan skolyoz grafisi üzerinde Cobb açısı ölçümü
yöntemi ile değerlendirildi. Cobb açısı 10 derece üzerinde olan hastalar
skolyoz olarak değerlendirildi. Skolyoz sıklığı, Cobb açısı değerinin yaş ve
cinsiyet ile olan ilişkisi araştırıldı.Bulgular:
Çalışmaya alınan
130 hastanın 80 tanesi kadın (%61,5), 50 tanesi ise erkek idi (%38,5). Cinsiyete göre yaş ortalamaları
arasında istatistiksel olarak anlamlı fark bulunamadı. 111 hastada (%85,4) Cobb açısı &lt;10 derece, skolyoz tanısı alan
19 hastada ise (%14,6) ≥10 derece olarak ölçüldü. Skolyoz sıklığı binde 1,75
idi. Çalışmaya alınan kadın ve erkek hastaların Cobb açısı ortalamaları
sırasıyla 5,81 ± 4,22 ve 5,32 ± 4,29 idi. Hastaların Cobb açısı ölçüm
sonuçlarının cinsiyete göre dağılımına bakıldığında anlamlı fark olmadığı
görüldü. Yaş ile
Cobb açısı arasındaki ilişkisi incelendiğinde pozitif yönde zayıf bir
korelasyon olduğu görüldü.

Sonuç:
Bel ağrısıyla
başvuran hastalarda skolyoz varlığı göz önünde bulundurulmalı, hastanın yaşı da göz önünde bulundurularak
uygun radyolojik istemler yapılmalıdır.
Mannheim Peritonitis Index (Mpi) Score as A Predictor of Outcome in Patients with Secondary Peritonitis
Authors: Joshi Pravin , Poudel Rajesh , Chandra Kailash 
Published: February 2018

INTRODUCTION: Secondary bacterial peritonitis from hollow viscous perforation is one of the common surgical emergencies and carries higher mortality. Several scoring systems are applied to predict the outcome of patients with perforation peritonitis. Mannheim Peritonitis Index (MPI) is one among many. Our aim of the study is to evaluate Mannheim peritonitis Index for predicting the outcome in patient with secondary bacterial peritonitis. MATERIALS AND METHODS: A retrospective study was conducted in the Department of General Surgery, Universal College of Medical Sciences, Bhairahawa from February 2012 to July 2013. All patients clinically diagnosed as peritonitis and who underwent laparotomy were included in the study. MPI score of all the study patients were calculated and categorized into three groups depending upon the score; less than 15, 15-25 and more than 25. Mortality of patients from each group was calculated and predictive value of each factor was determined. RESULTS: Total 60 patients were included in the study. Forty-four were male and sixteen were female. There were total five mortalities. All were of above 50 years age group. Patients beyond 50 years of age had a significantly higher (p = .005) probability of dying in the early post-operative period. MPI score more than 15 was not statistically significant (p = .06), patients with MPI more than 25 had more probability of dying, hazard ratio (HR 3.4 with 95% CI).Journal of Universal College of Medical Sciences (2016) Vol.04 No.02 Issue 14, page: 6-9
Austenitic Stainless Steel Bolt Failure by Stress Corrosion Cracking
Authors: Neidel A. , Gädicke T. , Hartanto V. , Wallich S. , Wöhl E. 
Published: February 2018

AbstractDuring a minor inspection of a heavy-duty gas turbine engine, the hexagonal head of a bolt used for fixing a metal plate in the air intake was found on the floor of the air intake casing [1, 2]. The respective washer was not found. It is believed to have been ingested into the engine, having caused moderate compressor damage. The inspection was started after 83.500 operating hours. Only one fractured bolt was found. The subject bolt fractured due to stress corrosion cracking (SCC), induced by pitting corrosion and possibly assisted by crevice corrosion.
Beta Dips in the Gaia Era: Simulation Predictions of the Galactic Velocity Anisotropy Parameter (β) for Stellar Halos
Authors: Loebman Sarah R. , Valluri Monica , Hattori Kohei , Debattista Victor P. , Bell Eric F. , Stinson Greg , Christensen Charlotte R. , Brooks Alyson , Quinn Thomas R. , Governato Fabio 
Published: February 2018

Abstract
The velocity anisotropy parameter, β, is a measure of the kinematic state of orbits in the stellar halo, which holds promise for constraining the merger history of the Milky Way (MW). We determine global trends for β as a function of radius from three suites of simulations, including accretion-only and cosmological hydrodynamic simulations. We find that the two types of simulations are consistent and predict strong radial anisotropy (

) for Galactocentric radii greater than 10 kpc. Previous observations of β for the MW’s stellar halo claim a detection of an isotropic or tangential “dip” at r ∼ 20 kpc. Using the N-body+SPH simulations, we investigate the temporal persistence, population origin, and severity of “dips” in β. We find that dips in the in situ stellar halo are long-lived, while dips in the accreted stellar halo are short-lived and tied to the recent accretion of satellite material. We also find that a major merger as early as z ∼ 1 can result in a present-day low (isotropic to tangential) value of β over a broad range of radii and angles. While all of these mechanisms are plausible drivers for the β dip observed in the MW, each mechanism in the simulations has a unique metallicity signature associated with it, implying that future spectroscopic surveys could distinguish between them. Since an accurate knowledge of β(r) is required for measuring the mass of the MW halo, we note that significant transient dips in β could cause an overestimate of the halo’s mass when using spherical Jeans equation modeling.
A Self-consistent Model of the Coronal Heating and Solar Wind Acceleration Including Compressible and Incompressible Heating Processes
Authors: Shoda Munehito , Yokoyama Takaaki , Suzuki Takeru K. 
Published: February 2018

Abstract
We propose a novel one-dimensional model that includes both shock and turbulence heating and qualify how these processes contribute to heating the corona and driving the solar wind. Compressible MHD simulations allow us to automatically consider shock formation and dissipation, while turbulent dissipation is modeled via a one-point closure based on Alfvén wave turbulence. Numerical simulations were conducted with different photospheric perpendicular correlation lengths

λ

0

, which is a critical parameter of Alfvén wave turbulence, and different root-mean-square photospheric transverse-wave amplitudes

δ

v

0

. For the various

λ

0

, we obtain a low-temperature chromosphere, high-temperature corona, and supersonic solar wind. Our analysis shows that turbulence heating is always dominant when

λ

0

≲
1

Mm

. This result does not mean that we can ignore the compressibility because the analysis indicates that the compressible waves and their associated density fluctuations enhance the Alfvén wave reflection and therefore the turbulence heating. The density fluctuation and the cross-helicity are strongly affected by

λ

0

, while the coronal temperature and mass-loss rate depend weakly on

λ

0

.
Global 21 cm Signal Extraction from Foreground and Instrumental Effects. I. Pattern Recognition Framework for Separation Using Training Sets
Authors: Tauscher Keith , Rapetti David , Burns Jack O. , Switzer Eric 
Published: February 2018

Abstract
The sky-averaged (global) highly redshifted 21 cm spectrum from neutral hydrogen is expected to appear in the VHF range of ∼20–200 MHz and its spectral shape and strength are determined by the heating properties of the first stars and black holes, by the nature and duration of reionization, and by the presence or absence of exotic physics. Measurements of the global signal would therefore provide us with a wealth of astrophysical and cosmological knowledge. However, the signal has not yet been detected because it must be seen through strong foregrounds weighted by a large beam, instrumental calibration errors, and ionospheric, ground, and radio-frequency-interference effects, which we collectively refer to as “systematics.” Here, we present a signal extraction method for global signal experiments which uses Singular Value Decomposition of “training sets” to produce systematics basis functions specifically suited to each observation. Instead of requiring precise absolute knowledge of the systematics, our method effectively requires precise knowledge of how the systematics can vary. After calculating eigenmodes for the signal and systematics, we perform a weighted least square fit of the corresponding coefficients and select the number of modes to include by minimizing an information criterion. We compare the performance of the signal extraction when minimizing various information criteria and find that minimizing the Deviance Information Criterion most consistently yields unbiased fits. The methods used here are built into our widely applicable, publicly available Python package, pylinex, which analytically calculates constraints on signals and systematics from given data, errors, and training sets.
ILDR2 Is a Novel B7-like Protein That Negatively Regulates T Cell Responses
Authors: Hecht Iris , Toporik Amir , Podojil Joseph R. , Vaknin Ilan , Cojocaru Gady , Oren Anat , Aizman Elizabeta , Liang Spencer C. , Leung Ling , Dicken Yosef , Novik Amit , Marbach-Bar Nadav , Elmesmari Aziza , Tange Clare , Gilmour Ashley , McIntyre Donna , Kurowska-Stolarska Mariola , McNamee Kay , Leitner Judith , Greenwald Shirley , Dassa Liat , Levine Zurit , Steinberger Peter , Williams Richard O. , Miller Stephen D. , McInnes Iain B. , Neria Eyal , Rotman Galit 
Published: February 2018

Abstract
The B7-like protein family members play critical immunomodulatory roles and constitute attractive targets for the development of novel therapies for human diseases. We identified Ig-like domain–containing receptor (ILDR)2 as a novel B7-like protein with robust T cell inhibitory activity, expressed in immune cells and in immune-privileged and inflamed tissues. A fusion protein, consisting of ILDR2 extracellular domain with an Fc fragment, that binds to a putative counterpart on activated T cells showed a beneficial effect in the collagen-induced arthritis model and abrogated the production of proinflammatory cytokines and chemokines in autologous synovial-like cocultures of macrophages and cytokine-stimulated T cells. Collectively, these findings point to ILDR2 as a novel negative regulator for T cells, with potential roles in the development of immune-related diseases, including autoimmunity and cancer.
Dysregulated Th1 Immune and Vascular Responses in Scrub Typhus Pathogenesis
Authors: Soong Lynn 
Published: February 2018

Abstract
Scrub typhus is an emerging, insect-transmitted disease caused by Orientia tsutsugamushi, a Gram- and LPS-negative bacterium that replicates freely within professional phagocytes and endothelial cells. Scrub typhus is prevalent with high mortality rates, but information regarding its molecular pathogenesis, microbial virulence determinants, and key immune responses is limited. Improved animal models have recently been developed that respectively resemble the pathological features of self-limiting or severe scrub typhus in humans. Strong activation of Th1 and CD8, but not Th2 and regulatory T, immune responses, accompanied by altered angiopoietin/Tie2-related regulation, are hallmarks of lethal infection in murine models. This review, based primarily on recent advances from clinical and experimental studies, highlights tissue- and endothelial cell–specific biomarkers that are indicative of immune dysregulation. The potential roles of neutrophils and damage-associated molecular pattern molecules at late stages of disease are discussed in the context of vascular leakage, pulmonary and renal injury, and scrub typhus pathogenesis.
Development of Asthma in Inner-City Children: Possible Roles of MAIT Cells and Variation in the Home Environment
Authors: Chandra Shilpi , Wingender Gerhard , Greenbaum Jason A. , Khurana Archana , Gholami Amin M. , Ganesan Anusha-Preethi , Rosenbach Michael , Jaffee Katy , Gern James E. , Wood Robert , O’Connor George , Sandel Megan , Kattan Meyer , Bacharier Leonard , Togias Alkis , Horner Anthony A. , Kronenberg Mitchell 
Published: February 2018

Abstract
Humans have populations of innate-like T lymphocytes with an invariant TCR α-chain that recognize nonpeptide Ags, including invariant NKT (iNKT) cells and mucosal-associated invariant T (MAIT) cells. iNKT cell involvement in human asthma is controversial, whereas there has been little analysis of MAIT cells. Using peripheral blood cells from 110 participants from the Urban Environment and Childhood Asthma (URECA) birth cohort study, these cells were analyzed for number and function. We determined whether iNKT cell or MAIT cell frequency at 1 y is correlated with the cytokine polarization of mainstream CD4+ T cells and/or the development of asthma by age 7 y. Dust samples from 300 houses were tested for iNKT cell antigenic activity. Our results show that a higher MAIT cell frequency at 1 y of age was associated with a decreased risk of asthma by age 7 y. The frequency of MAIT cells was associated with increased production of IFN-γ by activated CD4+ T cells from the URECA cohort. iNKT cell antigenic activity in bedroom dust samples was associated with higher endotoxin concentration and also with reduced risk of asthma. In conclusion, MAIT cell frequency at 1 y may reflect the tendency of the immune system toward Th1 responses and is associated with protection from asthma. Additionally, iNKT cell antigenic activity may be a marker of houses with increased microbial exposures and therefore also with protection from asthma.
Signal detection in global mean temperatures after “Paris”: an uncertainty and sensitivity analysis
Authors: Visser Hans , Dangendorf Sönke , van Vuuren Detlef P. , Bregman Bram , Petersen Arthur C. 
Published: February 2018

Abstract. In December 2015, 195 countries agreed in Paris to “hold the increase in
global mean surface temperature (GMST) well below 2.0 ∘C
above pre-industrial levels and to pursue efforts to limit the temperature
increase to 1.5 ∘C”. Since large financial flows will be
needed to keep GMSTs below these targets, it is important to know how GMST
has progressed since pre-industrial times. However, the Paris Agreement is
not conclusive as regards methods to calculate it. Should trend progression
be deduced from GCM simulations or from instrumental records by (statistical)
trend methods? Which simulations or GMST datasets should be chosen, and which
trend models? What is “pre-industrial” and, finally, are the Paris targets
formulated for total warming, originating from both natural and anthropogenic
forcing, or do they refer to anthropogenic warming only? To find answers to
these questions we performed an uncertainty and sensitivity analysis where
datasets and model choices have been varied. For all cases we evaluated trend
progression along with uncertainty information. To do so, we analysed four
trend approaches and applied these to the five leading observational GMST
products. We find GMST progression to be largely independent of various trend
model approaches. However, GMST progression is significantly influenced by
the choice of GMST datasets. Uncertainties due to natural variability are
largest in size. As a parallel path, we calculated GMST progression from an
ensemble of 42 GCM simulations. Mean progression derived from GCM-based GMSTs
appears to lie in the range of trend–dataset combinations. A difference
between both approaches appears to be the width of uncertainty bands: GCM
simulations show a much wider spread. Finally, we discuss various choices for
pre-industrial baselines and the role of warming definitions. Based on these
findings we propose an estimate for signal progression in GMSTs since
pre-industrial.
Towards a cyber-physical era: soft computing framework based multi-sensor array for water quality monitoring
Authors: Bhardwaj Jyotirmoy , Gupta Karunesh K. , Gupta Rajiv 
Published: February 2018

Abstract. New concepts and techniques are replacing traditional methods of water
quality parameter measurement systems. This paper introduces a cyber-physical
system (CPS) approach for water quality assessment in a distribution network.
Cyber-physical systems with embedded sensors, processors and actuators
can be designed to sense and interact with the water environment. The
proposed CPS is comprised of sensing framework integrated with five different
water quality parameter sensor nodes and soft computing framework for
computational modelling. Soft computing framework utilizes the applications
of Python for user interface and fuzzy sciences for decision making.
Introduction of multiple sensors in a water distribution network generates a huge
number of data matrices, which are sometimes highly complex, difficult to
understand and convoluted for effective decision making. Therefore, the
proposed system framework also intends to simplify the complexity of obtained
sensor data matrices and to support decision making for water engineers through
a soft computing framework. The target of this proposed research is to provide
a simple and efficient method to identify and detect presence of contamination
in a water distribution network using applications of CPS.