bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Inadequate Folic Acid Intake Among Women Taking Antiepileptic Drugs During Pregnancy in Japan: A Cross-Sectional Study
Authors: Ikeda-Sakai Yasuko , Saito Yoshiyuki , Obara Taku , Goto Mikako , Sengoku Tami , Takahashi Yoshimitsu , Hamada Hiromi , Nakayama Takeo , Murashima Atsuko 
Published: September 2019

AbstractThis study aimed to assess characteristics of pregnant women taking antiepileptic drugs with inadequate folic acid intake. This cross-sectional study examined pregnant women taking antiepileptic drugs who were registered in the Japanese Drug Information Institute in Pregnancy (JDIIP) database between October 2005 and December 2016. Participants were classified into two groups according to when they started folic acid supplementation (before pregnancy: ‘adequate’, after pregnancy or never: ‘inadequate’). Logistic regression analysis was performed to investigate factors associated with inadequate folic acid intake. Of 12,794 registrants, 468 pregnant women were taking antiepileptics during the first trimester. Of these, we analysed data from 456 women who had no missing data. As a result, inadequate folic acid intake was noted among 83.3% of them, suggesting that the current level of folic acid intake is insufficient overall. Younger age, smoking, alcohol drinking, multiparity, unplanned pregnancy, and being prescribed AEDs by paediatric or psychiatric departments were independent factors associated with inadequate folic acid intake. As unplanned pregnancy was the strongest factor, healthcare professionals should ensure that childbearing women taking antiepileptics are informed of the importance of planned pregnancy. In addition, healthcare professionals must gain a better understanding of folic acid intake, as the prevalence of adequate intake differed according to which departments prescribed antiepileptic drugs.
Conventional and organic soil management as divergent drivers of resident and active fractions of major soil food web constituents
Authors: Harkes Paula , Suleiman Afnan K. A. , van den Elsen Sven J. J. , de Haan Johannes J. , Holterman Martijn , Kuramae Eiko E. , Helder Johannes 
Published: September 2019

AbstractConventional agricultural production systems, typified by large inputs of mineral fertilizers and pesticides, reduce soil biodiversity and may negatively affect ecosystem services such as carbon fixation, nutrient cycling and disease suppressiveness. Organic soil management is thought to contribute to a more diverse and stable soil food web, but data detailing this effect are sparse and fragmented. We set out to map both the resident (rDNA) and the active (rRNA) fractions of bacterial, fungal, protozoan and metazoan communities under various soil management regimes in two distinct soil types with barley as the main crop. Contrasts between resident and active communities explained 22%, 14%, 21% and 25% of the variance within the bacterial, fungal, protozoan, and metazoan communities. As the active fractions of organismal groups define the actual ecological functioning of soils, our findings underline the relevance of characterizing both resident and active pools. All four major organismal groups were affected by soil management (p < 0.01), and most taxa showed both an increased presence and an enlarged activity under the organic regime. Hence, a prolonged organic soil management not only impacts the primary decomposers, bacteria and fungi, but also major representatives of the next trophic level, protists and metazoa.
Multi-view based integrative analysis of gene expression data for identifying biomarkers
Authors: Yang Zi-Yi , Liu Xiao-Ying , Shu Jun , Zhang Hui , Ren Yan-Qiong , Xu Zong-Ben , Liang Yong 
Published: September 2019

AbstractThe widespread applications in microarray technology have produced the vast quantity of publicly available gene expression datasets. However, analysis of gene expression data using biostatistics and machine learning approaches is a challenging task due to (1) high noise; (2) small sample size with high dimensionality; (3) batch effects and (4) low reproducibility of significant biomarkers. These issues reveal the complexity of gene expression data, thus significantly obstructing microarray technology in clinical applications. The integrative analysis offers an opportunity to address these issues and provides a more comprehensive understanding of the biological systems, but current methods have several limitations. This work leverages state of the art machine learning development for multiple gene expression datasets integration, classification and identification of significant biomarkers. We design a novel integrative framework, MVIAm - Multi-View based Integrative Analysis of microarray data for identifying biomarkers. It applies multiple cross-platform normalization methods to aggregate multiple datasets into a multi-view dataset and utilizes a robust learning mechanism Multi-View Self-Paced Learning (MVSPL) for gene selection in cancer classification problems. We demonstrate the capabilities of MVIAm using simulated data and studies of breast cancer and lung cancer, it can be applied flexibly and is an effective tool for facing the four challenges of gene expression data analysis. Our proposed model makes microarray integrative analysis more systematic and expands its range of applications.
Dynamics of Marine Debris Ingestion by Profitable Fishes Along The Estuarine Ecocline
Authors: Ferreira Guilherme V. B. , Barletta Mario , Lima André R. A. , Morley Simon A. , Costa Monica F. 
Published: September 2019

AbstractThe dynamics of microfilament (<5 mm) ingestion were evaluated in three species of snooks. The ingestion of different colours and sizes of microfilaments were strongly associated with the spatio-temporal estuarine use and ontogenetic shifts of snooks. Their feeding ecology was also analysed to assess dietary relationships with patterns of contamination. All species were highly contaminated with microfilaments. The highest ingestion of microfilaments occurred in the adults, when fishes became the main prey item and also during the peak of fishing activities, in the rainy season. This suggests that trophic transfer, in addition to periods of high availability of microfilaments are important pathways for contamination. The ingestion of microfilaments of different colours and sizes was likely influenced by input sources. Blue microfilaments were frequently ingested, and appear to have both riverine and estuarine inputs, since they were ingested in all seasons and habitats. Purple and red microfilaments were more frequently ingested in the lower estuarine habitats. The length of microfilaments was also associated with environmental variability. Longer microfilaments were ingested in habitats with greater riverine influence, the opposite was observed for shorter microfilaments. Therefore, microfilament contamination in snooks are a consequence of their ecological patterns of estuarine uses through different seasons and life history stages.
Inhibition of the glutamine transporter SNAT1 confers neuroprotection in mice by modulating the mTOR-autophagy system
Authors: Yamada Daisuke , Kawabe Kenji , Tosa Ikue , Tsukamoto Shunpei , Nakazato Ryota , Kou Miki , Fujikawa Koichi , Nakamura Saki , Ono Mitsuaki , Oohashi Toshitaka , Kaneko Mari , Go Shioi , Hinoi Eiichi , Yoneda Yukio , Takarada Takeshi 
Published: September 2019

AbstractThe pathophysiological role of mammalian target of rapamycin complex 1 (mTORC1) in neurodegenerative diseases is established, but possible therapeutic targets responsible for its activation in neurons must be explored. Here we identified solute carrier family 38a member 1 (SNAT1, Slc38a1) as a positive regulator of mTORC1 in neurons. Slc38a1flox/flox and Synapsin I-Cre mice were crossed to generate mutant mice in which Slc38a1 was selectively deleted in neurons. Measurement of 2,3,5-triphenyltetrazolium chloride (TTC) or the MAP2-negative area in a mouse model of middle cerebral artery occlusion (MCAO) revealed that Slc38a1 deficiency decreased infarct size. We found a transient increase in the phosphorylation of p70S6k1 (pp70S6k1) and a suppressive effect of rapamycin on infarct size in MCAO mice. Autophagy inhibitors completely mitigated the suppressive effect of SNAT1 deficiency on neuronal cell death under in vitro stroke culture conditions. These results demonstrate that SNAT1 promoted ischemic brain damage via mTOR-autophagy system.
Bioactive lipids in intervertebral disc degeneration and its therapeutic implications
Authors: Das Undurti N. 
Published: September 2019

Abstract
Intervertebral disc (IVD) degeneration is not uncommon. It is estimated that approximately &gt;60% of individuals above the age of 40 years suffer from IVD degeneration. Shan et al. showed that hyperglycemia can enhance apoptosis of anulus fibrosis cells in a JNK pathway and p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) pathway dependent fashion. Recent studies showed that IVD degeneration could be an inflammatory condition characterized by increased production of matrix metalloproteinases, TNF-α, nitric oxide, IL-6, IL-17, IL-9, and prostaglandin E2, and decreased formation of anti-inflammatory molecules such as lipoxin A4. This imbalance between pro- and anti-inflammatory molecules seem to activate JNK pathway and p38 MAPK pathway to induce apoptosis of anulus fibrosis and nucleus pulposus cells. The activation of production of PGE2 (due to activation of COX-2 pathway) seems to be dependent on p38/c-Fos and JNK/c-Jun activation in an AP-1-dependent manner. These results imply that suppressing pro-inflammatory events in the disc by either augmenting anti-inflammatory events or suppressing production of pro-inflammatory molecules or both may form a logical step in the prevention and management of IVD degeneration.
La phagocytose associée à LC3 (LAP)
Authors: Galais Mathilde , Pradel Baptiste , Vergne Isabelle , Robert-Hebmann Véronique , Espert Lucile , Biard-Piechaczyk Martine 
Published: September 2019

Phagocytose et macroautophagie, appelée ici autophagie, sont deux mécanismes essentiels de dégradation lysosomale de divers cargos englobés dans des structures membranaires. Ils sont tous deux impliqués dans la régulation du système immunitaire et la survie cellulaire. Cependant, la phagocytose permet l’ingestion de matériel extracellulaire alors que l’autophagie dégrade des composants intra-cytoplasmiques, avec des mécanismes d’activation et de maturation différents. La LAP (LC3-associated phagocytosis) est une forme particulière de phagocytose qui utilise certains éléments de l’autophagie. Elle permet l’élimination de pathogènes, de complexes immuns, de cellules avoisinantes, mortes ou vivantes, constituant un danger pour l’organisme, et de débris cellulaires, tels que les segments externes des photorécepteurs (POS, photoreceptor outer segment), ou la pièce centrale du pont intercellulaire produit en fin de mitose. Les cellules ont ainsi « optimisé » leurs moyens d’éliminer les composés potentiellement dangereux en partageant certains éléments essentiels des deux voies de dégradation lysosomale.
Les études portant sur les bases de données médico-administratives sont-elles reproductibles ?
Authors: Looten Vincent 
Published: September 2019

La reproductibilité méthodologique fait référence à la capacité à obtenir exactement les mêmes résultats, en reproduisant le même protocole d’étude sur les mêmes données. Nous avons voulu évaluer la reproductibilité méthodologique des études publiées entre 2008 et 2017 dans la Revue d’épidémiologie et de santé publique, qui font appel à des données issues du système national des données de santé. Nos résultats suggèrent que seules 49 % des études portant sur ce système national pourraient être reproduites sans le recours aux auteurs initiaux. L’absence de partage systématique des programmes peut révéler un manque de préoccupation quant à la finalité de la recherche en santé publique. Il est difficile d’attribuer la responsabilité de ce manque de reproductibilité aux seuls chercheurs, et nous faisons donc l’hypothèse d’une inconduite éthique instituée.
Magnetic Resonance Imaging in Pelvic Fractures – Part 1: Which Criteria Lead Us to Supplementary MRI Diagnostics?
Authors: Lang Patricia , Merz Charlotte , Hackenbroch Carsten , Friemert Benedikt , Stuby Fabian , Palm Hans-Georg ,   AG Becken III der DGU®
Published: September 2019

AbstractIntroduction Isolated pelvic fractures are relatively rare with an incidence of 3 – 6% of all fractures, but their incidence in polytraumatized individuals increases to 25%. The S3 guideline Polytrauma gives a clear recommendation for diagnostics by means of pelvic radiography (X-ray) and computed tomography (CT). A recommendation for the diagnosis by means of magnetic resonance tomography (MRI) especially in patients with low energetic/missing trauma does not currently exist. It is unclear on the basis of which criteria the MRI can be indicated in pelvic fractures. The aim of our study was therefore to retrospectively record indications for the indication of MRI in pelvic fractures – with adequate as well as inadequate trauma.Material and Methods In a retrospective clinical study, a total of 140 patients (median 68 years, range 15 – 97, 75 female, and 66 male) with a pelvic fracture were included in the study over a period of three years. Overall, the trauma mechanism revealed 73 adequate and 67 inadequate fractures. 31/140 patients had undergone MRI of the pelvis in addition to a CT/X-ray scan. The two subgroups “with MRI” and “without MRI” were analyzed with regard to the parameters “sex”, “age”, “adequacy of the trauma”, “fracture localization”, “duration of admission to imaging”, “type of therapy” and “duration to surgery” compared.Results It was shown that the MRI diagnosis was performed especially in female, elderly patients (81 years, range 19 – 94 years). Patients with inappropriate trauma have received MRI more frequently (74%) than patients with adequate trauma (26%). With regard to fracture localization no differences could be shown. The MRI was performed on a median 4 days after the CT examination. Regarding the decision “conservative” vs. “operationally” our two groups without and with MRT tended to differ not. Patients with MRI were operated on median 2 days later than patients who did not receive MRI.Conclusions Pelvic fracture MRI should be performed primarily in elderly female patients without adequate trauma. In patients with adequate trauma, MRI is of low value, especially as MRI diagnostics are performed with delay, resulting in later surgery.
Neurotuberculosis: A Clinical Review
Authors: Chin Jerome H. 
Published: September 2019

AbstractIn September 2018, the United Nations General Assembly held the first ever meeting to discuss the global epidemic of tuberculosis (TB) and adopted a political declaration titled “United to end tuberculosis: an urgent global response to a global epidemic.” The timing of the meeting was prescient but overdue since Mycobacterium tuberculosis surpassed the human immunodeficiency virus as the world's leading infectious killer in 2014. Infection of the central nervous system by Mycobacterium tuberculosis, herein referred to as neurotuberculosis, is the most feared and dangerous form of tuberculosis, requiring a high level of suspicion and clinical experience for prompt diagnosis and treatment. Neurologists, infectious disease specialists, orthopedic surgeons, neurosurgeons, and hospitalists in all countries need to recognize the spectrum of neurotuberculosis and be able to integrate clinical information, laboratory data, and radiological findings to make a diagnosis with or without microbiological confirmation.
Prion Disease
Authors: Baldwin Kelly J. , Correll Cynthia M. 
Published: September 2019

AbstractPrion diseases are a phenotypically diverse set of disorders characterized by protease-resistant abnormally shaped proteins known as prions. There are three main groups of prion diseases, termed sporadic (Creutzfeldt–Jakob disease [CJD], sporadic fatal insomnia, and variably protease-sensitive prionopathy), genetic (genetic CJD, fatal familial insomnia, and Gerstmann–Straussler–Scheinker syndrome), and acquired (kuru, variant CJD, and iatrogenic CJD). This article will review the pathophysiology, genetics, clinical presentations, and diagnostic challenges in patients with prion disease. Case discussions, images, and tables will be used to highlight important characteristics of prion disease and prion mimics.
Neurological Complications of Endocarditis: A Multidisciplinary Review with Focus on Surgical Decision Making
Authors: Carneiro Thiago Santos , Awtry Eric , Dobrilovic Nikola , Fagan Maura A. , Kimmel Simeon , Weinstein Zoe M. , Cervantes-Arslanian Anna M. 
Published: September 2019

AbstractInfective endocarditis (IE) is a systemic disease with many potential neurologic manifestations including ischemic and hemorrhagic strokes, cerebral microbleeding, infectious intracranial aneurysms, meningitis, brain abscesses, and encephalopathy. The majority of left-sided (heart) IE patients have brain lesions that may alter management decisions, warranting the systematic use of magnetic resonance imaging. Many patients require surgical treatment of valvular disease, and central nervous system lesions weigh into decision making. Data regarding the timing of surgery are conflicting, but earlier surgery appears to be safe in most ischemic strokes, while ideally surgery should be delayed for 3 to 4 weeks in patients with hemorrhagic strokes. IE requires a multidisciplinary team to collaboratively care for the patient. In this article, we review the current understanding and management of the neurological complications of IE and their impact on the performance and timing of cardiac surgery.
A Novel Technique for Transpalatal Hypophysectomy
Authors: Shinzato Ilton Guenhiti , de Almeida Guardini Felipe Bouchabki , de Abreu Cavalcanti Herbert , Scopel Tiago Fernando , Kobayashi Fernando , Costa Anselmo , Moreira Yamamura Igor Issao , Feltrin Eurico Ribeiro , de Andrade Bruno Martins Ferreira , Ennes Franklin Marques , Silva Anderson Alves , de Oliveira e Silva Tiago Andrade , de Freitas Junior Antonio Martins , de Souza Junior Adalberto Santiago , Marcato Danilo Horta , Cunha Lucas Rasi , Mendes Neide Trindade , Vargas Kleber Soline Monteiro 
Published: September 2019

Objective A novel technique is described for transpalatal hypophysectomy as an option for sellar region surgery using a microscope and/or endoscope.
Technique A straight submucosal tunnel (approximately 20 mm in diameter; 40–50 mm long—half the length required by conventional transsphenoidal hypophysectomy) is dissected in favorable alignment with the main tumor axis, providing a direct view that allows the surgeon to operate on large suprasellar tumors, even in cases of extra-axial expansion.
Results In a 25-year period, over 50 patients benefited from this surgery. Macroadenomas devoid of extra-axial expansions were totally excised (76.5%), otherwise, partially (23.5%). Forty-nine patients (98%) were extubated soon after surgery. Mean surgery duration was 3 hour 32 minute, with 2 days 6 hour before free feeding was restored. Postoperative hospitalization under neurosurgical care averaged 6 days 6 hour. Currently, patients undergoing the procedure do not require nasal tampons and can eat soft foods soon after recovery from anesthesia. Although two patients (3.9%) presented with oronasal fistulae postoperatively, no episodes of severe hemorrhage occurred during surgery and there were no cases of liquoric fistulae, visual impairment, panhypopituitarism, or severe syndrome of inappropriate antidiuretic hormone secretion.
Conclusion The new surgical approach is safe, effective, and well accepted by patients, who reported low levels of discomfort. Postsurgical complications or sequela are currently rare, but further operations should be performed using more appropriate materials, instruments, and equipment to allow comparisons with other techniques.
A Prospective Evaluation of Swallowing and Speech in Patients with Neurofibromatosis Type 2
Authors: Rajendran Sibi , Antonios Joseph , Solomon Beth , Kim H. Jeffrey , Wu Tianxia , Smirniotopoulos James , Scott Gretchen , Benzo Sarah , Hayes Christina , Heiss John D. , Chittiboina Prashant 
Published: September 2019

Objective Neurofibromatosis type 2 (NF2) patients report that swallowing and speech problems significantly affect their quality of life, but the etiology of these phenomena is poorly understood. Swallowing and speech deficits may arise due to the neuropathy of involved nerves, due to posterior fossa tumor growth, or as iatrogenic effects from neurosurgical procedures to remove these tumors. This study aims to identify the natural history of swallowing and speech deficits in an NF2 cohort and to characterize the factors that may lead to those deficits.
Methods Subjects (n = 168) were enrolled in a prospective, longitudinal study of NF2 with yearly imaging and clinical exams. The patients completed a self-reported questionnaire that included responses regarding subjective swallowing and speech dysfunction. A formal speech-language pathology evaluation and modified barium swallow (MBS) study (reported as American Speech-Language Hearing Association [ASHA] swallowing independency score from 1 through 7) was obtained when a speech/swallowing deficit was reported on the questionnaire.
Results Of the 168 enrolled subjects, 55 (33%, median age = 31 years) reported subjective speech and/or swallowing deficits. These patients underwent one (n = 37) or multiple (n = 18) MBS studies during 44.8 ± 10.4 months follow-up. During MBS, a majority demonstrated near-normal swallowing (ASHA score >6, 82%), and no evidence of aspiration (aspiration/laryngeal penetration score = 1, 96%). Prior to initial MBS consultation, 38 (69%) patients had undergone relevant neurosurgical procedures. In those with recent (<1 week) posterior fossa surgery (n = 12), 2 (17%) patients had severe dysphagia and high aspiration risk on postoperative MBS. Both of these patients recovered to functionally independent swallowing status. Unilateral (n = 10) or bilateral (n = 6) tongue deficits unrelated to previous history suggestive of hypoglossal nerve injury were detected on clinical examination. There was a correlation between the presence of dysarthria and tongue deficits and tumors associated with the hypoglossal canal noted on imaging.
Conclusion A large proportion of patients with NF2 report speech and swallow deficits that are not evident on objective measurements. We also found hypoglossal neuropathy unrelated to prior surgical interventions. Our findings suggest that swallowing and speech problems in NF2 are associated with lower cranial nerve neuropathy, some due to compressive effects of posterior fossa tumors. Adaptation over the course of the disease allows for the compensation of these deficits and subsequent normal findings on objective testing.