bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The Role of an Array of Routine Clinical Variables to the Occurrence and Severity of Postoperative Pneumonia in Non–Small Cell Lung Cancer Patients
Authors: Shen Qingwei , LAI Yutian , Li Xiaoqu , Ji Yanli , Zhou Kun 
Published: December 2018

Background and purpose:
Data of an array of preoperative/intraoperative clinical variables may carry significant information for predicting the probability of postoperative pneumonia or chest infection in non–small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) patients. We aimed to investigate the association between those variables and the occurrence of postoperative pneumonia (POP) as well as the severity of POP, based on routine laboratory tests, basic characteristics, and perioperative variables during the in-hospital period.

Methods:
A consecutive series of NSCLC patients undergoing lung cancer lobectomy at our department from January 2014 and December 2015 was used as the target patient group and stratified into 2 groups: pneumonia (POP) and non-pneumonia (N-POP), according to occurrence of pneumonia after lobectomy in 30 days. The POP was classified into 5 severity grades, based on the Clavien-Dindo complication classification system.

Results:
Regarding binary logistic regression analysis for risk factors of POP, the following were found to be the independent risk factors of the occurrence of POP: postoperative predicted forced expiratory volume in 1 second [ppoFEV1%; odds ratio (OR): 0.996, 95% confidence interval (CI): 0.993–0.999; P = 0.021]; Charlson comorbidity index (CCI) score &gt;3 (OR: 2.694, 95% CI: 1.462–4.965; P = 0.001); American Society of Anesthesiologists (ASA)score &gt;3 (OR: 2.066, 95% CI: 1.060–4.029; P = 0.033); postoperative predicted diffusion capacity for carbon monoxide of the lung (ppoDlco%; OR: 0.458, 95% CI: 0.090–0.809; P = 0.014); and neutrophil-lymphocyte ratio (NLR; OR: 2.171, 95% CI: 1.721–2.737; P &lt; 0.001). With regard to risk factors analysis of pneumonia severity via ordinal polytomous logistic regression, the following were the independent risk factors: early stage (OR: 0.626, 95% CI: 0.422–0.929, P = 0.020); CCI score &gt;3 (OR: 1.914, 95% CI: 1.058–3.459, P = 0.032); ppoDlco% (OR: 0.638, 95% CI: 0.445–0.914, P = 0.014); and NLR (OR: 1.218, 95% CI: 1.031–1.436, P = 0.020).

Conclusion:
Among an array of clinical variables in the hospital, major risk factors for POP following LC surgery were ppoFEV1%, ppoDlco%, NLR, ASA score &gt;3, and CCI score&gt;3; meanwhile, ppoDlco%, CCI score&gt;3, NLR, and early tumor stage were the key predictors of POP severity.
Preoperative Chemotherapy on Functional Liver Regeneration for Colorectal Liver Metastases Assessed With 99mTc-GSA SPECT/CT Imaging
Authors: Beppu Toru , Hayashi Hiromitsu , Yoshida Morikatsu , Nitta Hidetoshi , Imai Katsunori , Okabe Hirohisa , Miyata Tatsunori , Higashi Takaaki , Nakagawa Shigeki , Masuda Toshiro , Hashimoto Daisuke , Miyamoto Yuji , Chikamoto Akira , Ishiko Takatoshi , Shiraishi Shinya , Yamashita Yasuyuki , Baba Hideo 
Published: December 2018

Objective:To investigate the functional liver regeneration after chemotherapy and liver resection for colorectal liver metastases (CRLM).Background/Purpose:Preoperative chemotherapy followed by liver resection for CRLM has been increasing; however, its negative impact on liver regeneration remains unknown.Methods:From January 2009 to December 2013, we enrolled 40 selected patients who underwent major hepatectomy without viral hepatitis and severe liver fibrosis. CRLM patients with preoperative chemotherapy (CT-CRLM group, n = 12) and patients without preoperative chemotherapy (control group, n = 28) were evaluated. Liver volume (LV) and functional liver volume (FLV) was assessed using Tc-99m–labeled galactosyl human serum albumin (99mTc-GSA) scintigraphy, single-photon emission computed tomography (SPECT), CT-fused images. Preoperative, future remnant liver, and post 1-month values were compared.Results:Median course of preoperative chemotherapy was 8 (range: 6–16). Preoperative background factors were almost identical including resection rate and functional resection rate. In the CT-CRLM group and in the control group, the percentage increases in LV were 39.3% ± 29.0% and 23.2% ± 23.5% (P = 0.037), and FLV were 79.4% ± 43.1% and 57.0% ± 33.4% (P = 0.417), respectively; absolute differences in LV were 216.2 ± 155.7 cm3 and 148.7 ± 134.7 cm3 (P = 0.086) and FLV were 19.4% ± 8.5%/m2 and 17.4% ± 7.9%/m2 (P = 0.235), respectively. We found no obvious tendency for negative influence on liver functional regeneration by the preoperative regimens for CRLM.Conclusions:Several courses of preoperative chemotherapy may not affect functional liver regeneration for CRLM patients after major hepatectomy.
Stretchable Thermoplastic Elastomer Optical Fibers for Sensing of Extreme Deformations
Authors: Leber Andreas , Cholst Beth , Sandt Joseph , Vogel Nicolas , Kolle Mathias 
Published: December 2018

AbstractThe design of advanced materials with coupled optical and mechanical properties is an important challenge in materials science; especially, the implementation of soft materials in optics has recently gained significant interest. Soft optical systems are particularly versatile in sensing, where large and repeated deformations require dynamically responsive materials. Here, stretchable step‐index optical fibers, which are capable of reversibly sustaining strains of up to 300% while guiding light, are demonstrated. A continuous and scalable melt‐flow process is used to coextrude two thermoplastic elastomers, thereby forming the fibers' high index core‐low index cladding structure. Deformation of the fibers through stretching, bending, and indentation induces detectable, predictable, reversible, and wavelength‐dependent changes in light transmission. Quantitative knowledge about the coupling of the fibers' mechanical and optical properties forms the basis for the design of fiber‐based sensors that are capable of reliably assessing extreme mechanical stimuli. The fibers utility in sensing scenarios is demonstrated in a knee brace for continuous knee motion tracking, a glove for control of a virtual hand model, and a tennis racket capable of locating ball impacts. Such devices can greatly improve quantitative assessment of human motion in rehabilitation, sports, and anywhere else where large deformations need to be monitored reliably.
Extremely Light Carrier‐Effective Mass in a Distorted Simple Metal Oxide
Authors: Kim Gowoon , Zhang Yu‐Qiao , Min Taewon , Suh Hoyoung , Jang Jae Hyuck , Kong Hyeonjun , Lee Joonhyuk , Lee Jaekwang , Jeon Tae‐Yeol , Lee Inwon , Cho Jinhyung , Ohta Hiromichi , Jeen Hyoungjeen 
Published: December 2018

AbstractExotic electron transport properties such as quasi 1D conductivity are useful to realize advanced electronic devices showing unique properties. Anisotropic electron transport properties are often found in complex metal oxides due to their complicated crystal structures. Although simple metal oxides with distorted crystal structures could also be expected to show anisotropic electron transport properties, it is rarely studied most likely due to the lack of their high‐quality epitaxial films. Here anisotropic electron transport properties, showing “fast electron transport path,” in a simple distorted metal oxide, NbO2, is reported. High‐quality NbO2 epitaxial films with different crystallographic orientations on (0001) and (102) α‐Al2O3 single crystal substrates are fabricated, and the electron transport properties at room temperature are measured. Both the resistivity and absolute value of the thermopower along the [11] NbO2 is pretty small as compared with other directions. Experimentally obtained electron carrier effective mass in the [11] direction is surprisingly small, only 0.051 me, which is similar to that of high‐mobility GaAs. Since simple metal oxides have several advantages against complex oxides in view of easy fabrication, the present results will be beneficial for realizing advanced electronic devices using simple metal oxides.
Ein maskiertes Kupferhydrid als Katalysator für die Carbonylhydrosilylierung in wässrigen Lösungen
Authors: Ritter Florian , Mukherjee Debabrata , Spaniol Thomas P. , Hoffmann Alexander , Okuda Jun 
Published: December 2018

AbstractEin redoxinstabiles Kupferhydridotriphenylborat konnte als thermisch stabiles, N‐heterocyclisches Carbenaddukt [(IPr)Cu(HBPh3)] (IPr=1,3‐Bis(2,6‐diisopropylphenyl)imidazol‐2‐yliden) isoliert werden. Obwohl eine Kontaktionenpaar‐Struktur vorliegt, konnte bei der Hydrosilylierung von Carbonylen eine CuIH‐artige katalytische Aktivität beobachtet werden. Eine ausreichende Stabilität gegenüber Feuchtigkeit ermöglichte die Katalyse in wässrigen organischen Lösungsmitteln. Bei mechanistischen Untersuchungen konnte eine Abstraktion einer Phenylgruppe des [(IPr)Cu]+‐Kations von einem Borat‐Anion beobachtet werden, wobei [(IPr)2Cu2(μ‐Ph)][BPh4] als kationischer Organokupferkomplex erhalten wurde.
Alkalimetallamid‐stabilisierte Titancarben‐Komplexe
Authors: Osseili Hassan , Truong Khai‐Nghi , Spaniol Thomas P. , Maron Laurent , Englert Ulli , Okuda Jun 
Published: December 2018

AbstractDie α‐H‐Eliminierung in Tetrakis(trimethylsilylmethyl)titan‐Vorstufen unter Bildung von (Alkyliden)bis(alkyl)titan‐Komplexen wird durch Metallamide leichter Alkalimetalle mit makrozyklischen Liganden Me3TACD [(Me3TACD)H=1,4,7‐Trimethyl‐1,4,7,10‐tetraazacyclododecan] vom NNNN‐Typ hervorgerufen. Im Kristall wechselwirkt das Alkalimetall mit dem Carben‐Kohlenstoffatom oder der CH2‐Gruppe des Trimethylsilymethylliganden. Der nukleophile Charakter des Carben‐Kohlenstoffatoms wurde durch die Reaktionen mit Benzophenon und mit terminalen Acetylenen gezeigt.
Subsurface Carbon: A General Feature of Noble Metals
Authors: Piqué Oriol , Koleva Iskra Z. , Viñes Francesc , Aleksandrov Hristiyan A. , Vayssilov Georgi N. , Illas Francesc 
Published: December 2018

AbstractCarbon moieties on late transition metals are regarded as poisoning agents in heterogeneous catalysis. Recent studies show the promoting catalytic role of subsurface C atoms in Pd surfaces and their existence in Ni and Pt surfaces. Here energetic and kinetic evidence obtained by accurate simulations on surface and nanoparticle models shows that such subsurface C species are a general issue to consider even in coinage noble‐metal systems. Subsurface C is the most stable situation in densely packed (111) surfaces of Cu and Ag, with sinking barriers low enough to be overcome at catalytic working temperatures. Low‐coordinated sites at nanoparticle edges and corners further stabilize them, even in Au, with negligible subsurface sinking barriers. The malleability of low‐coordinated sites is key in the subsurface C accommodation. The incorporation of C species decreases the electron density of the surrounding metal atoms, thus affecting their chemical and catalytic activity.
Fluorescent boron Schiff bases dyes for staining silk fibroin: Green synthesis, structural characterization, DFT, and photophysical properties
Authors: Molina‐Paredes Areli A. , Jiménez‐Pérez Víctor M. , Lara‐Cerón Jesús A. , Moggio Ivana , Arias Eduardo , Santillán Rosa , Sánchez Mario , Saucedo‐Yañez Alma , Muñoz‐Flores Blanca M. 
Published: December 2018

Five novel organoboron complexes were synthesized in just 15 min via microware irradiation, by one pot multicomponent reactions between diverse aryl aldehydes with benzoylhydrazide, or 4‐nitrobenzoylhidrazine and diphenyl boronic acid, in a 1:1:1 ratio in benzene. The products were characterized by 1H, 13C, 11B NMR, UV, IR, spectroscopy and high‐resolution mass spectrometry (HRMS). The molecular structure was also determined by single‐crystal X‐ray diffraction for two complexes, which showed the tetra‐coordination of the boron atoms giving rise to distorted tetrahedral molecular geometry with a strong intermolecular C‐H···π interactions. In spite of the low quantum yields exhibited by the series in solution, some complexes stained uniformly the silk fibroins emitting enough fluorescence to allow its characterization by confocal microscopy. Boron as chelate center of the five complexes resulted not to be toxic for B16F10 cells, these compounds are appropriate for their used in medical applications.
Lysosome‐targeted Cyclometalated Iridium (III) Anticancer Complexes Bearing Phosphine‐Sulfonate Ligands
Authors: Du Qing , Zhao Liping , Guo Lihua , Ge Xingxing , Zhang Shumiao , Xu Zhishan , Liu Zhe 
Published: December 2018

The synthesis, characterization and biological activity of four cyclometalated Ir (III) complexes (Ir1‐Ir4) containing different phosphine‐sulfonate ligands are reported. Most of these complexes showed good activity against A549 cancer cell lines and the human HeLa cervical cell lines. Spectroscopic properties study displays that all four complexes show rich fluorescence with emission maxima in the range of 474–510 nm. Fluorescence property of these complexes provides a tool to investigate the microscopic mechanism by confocal microscopy. Notably, the typical Ir (III) complex Ir4 can specially localize to lysosome, damage it and induce cell death via apoptosis. In addition, Ir4 enters into A549 cancer cells dominantly through energy‐dependent pathway.
Myofibril Assembly in Cultured Mouse Neonatal Cardiomyocytes
Authors: White Jennifer , Wang Jushuo , Fan Yingli , Dube Dipak K. , Sanger Joseph W. , Sanger Jean M. 
Published: December 2018

ABSTRACTThe formation of myofibrils was analyzed in neonatal mouse cardiomyocytes grown in culture and stained with fluorescent antibodies directed against myofibrillar proteins. The cardiomyocyte cultures also were exposed to siRNA probes to test the role of nonmuscle myosin IIB expression in the formation of myofibrils. In culture, new myofibrils formed in the spreading cell margins surrounding contractile myofibrils previously assembled in utero. Observations indicated that assembly of mature myofibrils occurred in three‐stages, as previously reported in cultured mouse skeletal muscle. Premyofibrils, characterized by minisarcomeres with nonmuscle myosin IIB and muscle‐specific alpha‐actinin bound to actin filaments, formed in the first stage; followed by nascent myofibrils, the second stage when muscle myosin II and titin were first detected. In the mature myofibril stage muscle myosin II filaments aligned in periodic A‐Bands; late assembling proteins, including myomesin and telethonin, were integrated in the sarcomeres, and nonmuscle IIB was absent from the sarcomeres. Treatment of the cultured neonatal cardiomyocytes with gene‐specific siRNAs for nonmuscle myosin IIB, led to a marked decrease in the formation of premyofibrils, and subsequently of mature myofibrils. Anat Rec, 301:2067–2079, 2018. © 2018 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Designing Multivalent Ligands to Control Biological Interactions: From Vaccines and Cellular Effectors to Targeted Drug Delivery
Authors: Arsiwala Ammar , Castro Ana , Frey Steven , Stathos Mark , Kane Ravi S. 
Published: December 2018

AbstractMultivalent interactions in which multiple ligands on one object bind to multiple receptors on another are commonly found in natural biological systems. In addition, these interactions can lead to increased strength and selectivity when compared to the corresponding monovalent interaction. These attributes have also guided the design of synthetic multivalent ligands to control biological interactions. This review will highlight the recent literature describing the use of multivalent ligand display in the design of vaccines, immunomodulators, cell signaling effectors, and vehicles for targeted drug delivery.
Spontane Geschichten, spontane Philosophien. Wissenschaftskonzepte im akademischen Unterricht
Authors: Hoffmann Christoph 
Published: December 2018

AbstractSpontaneous Histories, Spontaneous Philosophies: Concepts of Science in Academic Training. Science studies and history of science usually focus on exploring scientific research activities. Academic training does not garner much attention by contrast. However, what scientists think and do in the course of research activities is not completely independent of what they once have learned. I suggest that in academic training, beneath everything else, a kind of ‘spontaneous philosophy of the scientists’ (Louis Althusser) is established. Textbooks mark one entry point to approach the concepts of science students are confronted with. As an example, I rely on a chapter on the “history of macroeconomics” from a recent textbook.
Eine Zukunft der Wissenschaftsgeschichte liegt in der Institution
Authors: Malich Lisa 
Published: December 2018

AbstractA Future of the History of Science Is in the Institution. In this article, I warn against a tendency seen in the history of science towards very particular and isolating microhistories. The call for contextualization should be more than mere lip service and taken seriously. I suggest that a stronger focus on the history of institutions could be one particularly productive way to contextualize knowledge. There are at least five benefits that an analysis of institutions might bring for the history of science: The history of scientific institutions offers the potential for (1) entangled histories that (2) include longer time periods and pay not only attention to (3) the dissemination of knowledge but also to (4) the field of law and the mechanisms of vocational bureaucracy. In this way, (5) questions of power and politics come into view.
Zukunft der Wissenschaftsgeschichte? Ein (wissenschaftspolitischer) Einwurf mit medizinhistorischem Fokus
Authors: Fangerau Heiner 
Published: December 2018

AbstractFuture for the History of Science? An Interjection Oriented towards Science Policies Inspired by the History of Medicine. The author argues that diversity is the great strength of the history of science. It allows for flexible reactions to intellectual challenges posed by its various reference disciplines. This strength, however, might turn into a weakness, if diversity results in arbitrariness. These claims are illustrated by the example of the history of medicine as a sub‐discipline of the history of science: The history of medicine is currently able to acquire project funding because it is diverse and flexible. Simultaneously, it experiences the risks of flexibility and third‐party funding. Basic funding, scholarly interaction, and organized exchange seem necessary to ensure professional standards. It is concluded that the future for the history of science is bright, if it is able to preserve both its diverse creativity and a disciplinary sense for academic standards.
Im Trubel bleiben – einige Hyper‐/Hypolinks mit Kommentaren zur Zukunft der Wissenschaftsgeschichte
Authors: Wahrig Bettina 
Published: December 2018

AbstractStaying in Trouble – some Hyper‐/Hypolinks Commenting on the Future of the History of Science. This essay explores the possible future of the history of science, going through a number of motifs that I hold to be essential in this discussion. I argue that the history of science should continue to rely on narrative techniques that include multiple perspectives and humor. The questionable identity of historians of science, situated between the sciences, whose history we write, and our own methodological toolbox, will remain productive if we consciously deal with the challenges caused by “troubles” (as explained by Donna Haraway) of unclear identity, mixed methods, and perspective changes. All these constitute a chance to co‐write entangled histories and enact entangled politics of science.
‚Little by Little‘. Datensammlung und Skalierung in der Rechtsethnologie des 19. Jahrhunderts
Authors: Echterhölter Anna 
Published: December 2018

Abstract‘Little by Little’. Data Collection and Scales in Nineteenth‐Century Legal Anthropology. With the growing possibilities to measure and accumulate data, two strategies for a small discipline like the history of science are suggested: (1) It should facilitate and maintain the cooperation of specialists who pursue different subject matters and methods. (2) It should invite the recent history of quantification as an essential perspective. A large data collection on the anthropology of law by the German colonial office serves as example.
Zukunftsfelder der Wissenschaftsgeschichte – aus technikhistorischer Gegenwartsperspektive
Authors: Weber Heike 
Published: December 2018

AbstractFields for Innovative Future Research in History of Science – A Historian of Technology's Perspective. The observations at hand present a historian of technology's perspective and sketch three fields for innovative future research: (past) ‘futures’ and future scenarios in themselves; the challenges as imposed by recent developments in science, technology, and society (e.g. digitization, climate change); and the twisting and flipping of established perspectives (e.g. by focusing on ‘failed’ or ‘old’ science and technology and their declension). Moreover, historians of science, technology, and medicine should participate in emerging transdisciplinary fields such as Environmental Humanities.
Wissenschaftsgeschichte als Übersetzung. Von Netzwerken, gescheiterten Versuchen und Gedankenexperimenten
Authors: Macho Thomas 
Published: December 2018

AbstractTranslational History of Science: On Networks, Failed Trials and Thought Experiments. Starting with the question, why it could be difficult to write a history of history of science, the paper summarizes problems and risks of traditional concepts of interdisciplinarity. The essay postulates different modes of transgressive thinking and focuses on future topics of history of science, e.g. early networks of scientists, missed encounters, case studies of errors and failed experiments or methods of thought experiments.
Determination of ospemifene in human plasma by LC–MS/MS and its application to a human pharmacokinetic study
Authors: Yadlapalli Siva Sankara Rao , Katari Naresh Kumar , Manabolu Surya Surendra Babu 
Published: December 2018

AbstractA highly sensitive, specific and rapid liquid chromatography–tandem mass spectrometry (LC–MS/MS) analytical method has been developed and validated for the determination of ospemifene in human plasma using ospemifene‐d4 as an internal standard. Solid‐phase extraction technique with Phenomenex Strata X‐33 μm polymeric sorbent cartridges (30 mg/1 mL) was used to extract the analytes from the plasma. The chromatographic separation was achieved on Agilent Eclipse XDB‐Phenyl, 4.6 × 75 mm, 3.5 μm column using the mobile phase composition of methanol and 20 mm ammonium formate buffer (90:10, v/v) at a flow rate of 0.9 mL/min. A detailed method validation was performed as per the US Food and Drug Administration guidelines and the calibration curve obtained was linear (r2 = 99) over the concentration range 5.02–3025 ng/mL. The API‐4500 MS/MS was operated under multiple reaction monitoring mode during the analysis. The proposed method was successfully applied to a pharmacokinetic study in healthy human volunteers after oral administration of an ospemifene 60 mg tablet under fed conditions.