bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Effect of restricted feed intake in broiler breeder hens on their stress levels and the growth and immunology of their offspring1
Authors: Bowling Mandy , Forder Rebecca , Hughes Robert J , Weaver Sarah , Hynd Philip Ian 
Published: June 2018

Abstract
The prenatal environment has been shown to have significant effects on the lifelong health of offspring in humans and other species. Such effects have not been studied extensively in avian species but could prove important, especially in the case of severe feed restriction imposed on broiler breeder hens to prevent obesity and reduce rate of lay. Feed restriction can potentially affect not only nutrient supply to the embryo but stress hormone levels within the hen. This study investigated the impact of nutrient restriction of the breeder hen on growth rate and immune responses in the progeny with the objective to measure the impact of feed restriction of broiler breeder hens on growth and immune response of the progeny. Broiler breeder hens were feed restricted from 24 wk of age and maintained at three bodyweights; 3.4, 3.6, and 4.0 kg until 43 wk of age and behavioral and physiological measures of stress recorded. Chicks were hatched from each hen treatment and at day 7 vaccinated for infectious bronchitis virus (IBV) and at 16, 18, and 20 d old given an immune challenge of lipopolysaccharide. Growth and immune responses of these birds were then recorded. Sex ratio was affected by hen bodyweight, with a significantly increased proportion of males hatched from heavy hens. Growth rate from 35 to 42 d of age was reduced in male progeny from low bodyweight hens. Female progeny from heavy hens responded to an immune challenge by reduced live weight and increased heterophil: lymphocyte ratio, suggesting a more robust immune response in these birds than in the progeny from lower bodyweight hens. Overall, progeny from heavy hens had increased antibodies at day 35 to the vaccination of IBV compared with progeny of low bodyweight hens, also suggesting an improved immune response in these birds. Breeder hens restricted to the lowest feed level showed behaviors indicative of increased stress (object pecking) and an increased heterophil: lymphocyte ratio. Feed restriction of broiler breeder hens increased indices of stress in hens and resulted in offspring that have reduced growth rate and immune response in a sex-dependent way.
Medical-Surgical Clinical Student Error and Near-Miss Event Reporting
Authors: Rudolphi Diane M. , Madiraca Jessica , Wheeler Erlinda C. 
Published: June 2018

Abstract
The aim of this study was to identify medical-surgical clinical error near-miss events (ENME) and causative factors as reported by senior-level nursing students. Qualitative and quantitative ENME data were obtained using a survey tool during clinical courses. Students identified cognitive and behavioral/performance issues, human factors, system issues, and communication as contributing factors, with 97 percent of the errors reported as preventable. Identifying ENMEs with causative factors may ultimately increase patient safety. The data provide feedback contributing to student and faculty growth while also identifying opportunities for programmatic and curricular change.
Social Media Ratings of Minimally Invasive Fat Reduction Procedures: Benchmarking Against Traditional Liposuction
Authors: Talasila Sreya , Evers-Meltzer Rachel , Xu Shuai 
Published: June 2018

BACKGROUND
Minimally invasive fat reduction procedures are rapidly growing in popularity.

OBJECTIVE
Evaluate online patient reviews to inform practice management.

MATERIALS AND METHODS
Data from RealSelf.com, a popular online aesthetics platform, were reviewed for all minimally invasive fat reduction procedures. Reviews were also aggregated based on the primary method of action (e.g., laser, radiofrequency, ultrasound, etc.) and compared with liposuction. A chi-square test was used to assess for differences with the Marascuilo procedure for pairwise comparisons.

RESULTS
A total of 13 minimally invasive fat reduction procedures were identified encompassing 11,871 total reviews. Liposuction had 4,645 total reviews and a 66% patient satisfaction rate. Minimally invasive fat reduction procedures had 7,170 aggregate reviews and a global patient satisfaction of 58%. Liposuction had statistically significantly higher patient satisfaction than cryolipolysis (55% satisfied, n = 2,707 reviews), laser therapies (61% satisfied, n = 3,565 reviews), and injectables (49% satisfied, n = 319 reviews) (p < .05). Injectables and cryolipolysis had statistically significantly lower patient satisfaction than radiofrequency therapies (63% satisfied, n = 314 reviews) and laser therapies. Ultrasound therapies had 275 reviews and a 73% patient satisfaction rate.

CONCLUSION
A large number of patient reviews suggest that minimally invasive fat reduction procedures have high patient satisfaction, although liposuction still had the highest total patient satisfaction score. However, there are significant pitfalls in interpreting patient reviews, as they do not provide important data such as a patient's medical history or physician experience and skill.
Goldmann Applanation Tonometer Versus Ocular Response Analyzer for Measuring Intraocular Pressure After Descemet Stripping Automated Endothelial Keratoplasty
Authors: Feizi Sepehr , Faramarzi Amir , Masoudi Ali , Azari Amir A. , Veisi Amirreza 
Published: June 2018

Purpose:
To evaluate agreement between IOP measured using the ocular response analyzer (ORA) versus using the Goldmann applanation tonometer (GAT) in patients treated by Descemet stripping automated endothelial keratoplasty (DSAEK).

Methods:
This prospective, case–control study comprised 38 normal eyes and 37 post-DSAEK eyes. IOP was measured using the GAT (IOPGAT). The ORA was used to measure corneal biomechanics and cornea-compensated IOP (IOPCC). Corneal hysteresis (CH), corneal resistance factor, and IOP measurements of the 2 groups were compared. Intertonometer agreement was evaluated in each study group using Bland–Altman plots and 95% limits of agreement. Univariate analysis was used to evaluate the effect of independent factors on the difference between the 2 IOP readings (ΔIOP).

Results:
The IOPCC and IOPGAT readings showed no significant intergroup differences. IOPCC was significantly higher than IOPGAT, with a mean difference of 3.0 ± 3.3 mm Hg in the normal group (P < 0.001) and 4.5 ± 3.1 mm Hg in the DSAEK group (P < 0.001). The 95% limits of agreement for the IOPCC and IOPGAT was between −3.4 and 9.5 mm Hg and between −1.6 and 10.6 mm Hg in the normal and DSAEK groups, respectively. CH (r = −0.57, P < 0.001) and donor thickness (r = 0.81, P = 0.04) were identified as the main predictors of ΔIOP after DSAEK. ΔIOP did not vary significantly with the central corneal thickness or corneal resistance factor.

Conclusions:
The IOPGAT and IOPCC were significantly different, which indicates that the GAT and ORA cannot be used interchangeably for measuring IOP after DSAEK. The difference between these 2 measurements was primarily affected by the variations in CH and donor thickness.
Using an Augmented Reality Device as a Distance-based Vision Aid—Promise and Limitations
Authors: Kinateder Max , Gualtieri Justin , Dunn Matt J. , Jarosz Wojciech , Yang Xing-Dong , Cooper Emily A. 
Published: June 2018

SIGNIFICANCE
For people with limited vision, wearable displays hold the potential to digitally enhance visual function. As these display technologies advance, it is important to understand their promise and limitations as vision aids.

PURPOSE
The aim of this study was to test the potential of a consumer augmented reality (AR) device for improving the functional vision of people with near-complete vision loss.

METHODS
An AR application that translates spatial information into high-contrast visual patterns was developed. Two experiments assessed the efficacy of the application to improve vision: an exploratory study with four visually impaired participants and a main controlled study with participants with simulated vision loss (n = 48). In both studies, performance was tested on a range of visual tasks (identifying the location, pose and gesture of a person, identifying objects, and moving around in an unfamiliar space). Participants' accuracy and confidence were compared on these tasks with and without augmented vision, as well as their subjective responses about ease of mobility.

RESULTS
In the main study, the AR application was associated with substantially improved accuracy and confidence in object recognition (all P < .001) and to a lesser degree in gesture recognition (P < .05). There was no significant change in performance on identifying body poses or in subjective assessments of mobility, as compared with a control group.

CONCLUSIONS
Consumer AR devices may soon be able to support applications that improve the functional vision of users for some tasks. In our study, both artificially impaired participants and participants with near-complete vision loss performed tasks that they could not do without the AR system. Current limitations in system performance and form factor, as well as the risk of overconfidence, will need to be overcome.
Muscle Mass and Mortality After Cardiac Transplantation
Authors: Bibas Lior , Saleh Eli , Al-Kharji Samah , Chetrit Jessica , Mullie Louis , Cantarovich Marcelo , Cecere Renzo , Giannetti Nadia , Afilalo Jonathan 
Published: June 2018

BackgroundFrailty assessment is recommended to evaluate the candidacy of adults referred for orthotopic heart transplantation (OHT). Psoas muscle area (PMA) is an easily measured biomarker for frailty. There has yet to be a study examining the prognostic impact of PMA in OHT patients.MethodsIn this retrospective study, preoperative and postoperative computed tomography (CT) scans were retrieved for adults transplanted between 2000 and 2015 at a tertiary care hospital. Psoas muscle area was measured on a single axial image. Outcomes of interest were all-cause mortality over 6 years and a composite of in-hospital mortality or major morbidity (prolonged ventilation, stroke, dialysis, mediastinitis, or reoperation).ResultsOf 161 adult patients transplanted, 82 had at least 1 abdominal CT scan. At baseline, mean PMA was 25.7 ± 5.8 cm2in men and 16.0 ± 3.6 cm2in women, and decreased by 8% from the first to the last available CT scan. Adjusting for age, sex, body mass index, and cardiomyopathy etiology, every 1-cm2increase in PMA was found to be associated with a 9% reduction in long-term mortality (hazard ratio, 0.91; 95% confidence interval [CI], 0.83-0.99;P= 0.031) and a 17% reduction in in-hospital mortality or major morbidity (odds ratio, 0.83; 95% CI, 0.72-0.96;P= 0.014). When PMA was smaller than the sex-specific median, the risk of mortality or major morbidity increased fourfold (odds ratio, 4.29; 95% CI, 1.19-15.46;P= 0.026).ConclusionsMuscle mass is an independent predictor of mortality and major morbidity after OHT. Further research is needed to determine whether frail OHT patients with low PMA may benefit from muscle-building interventions to improve outcomes.
Therapeutic Human IgG Preparations Contain Mixture of HLA Antibodies to Native HLA Antigens and Cryptic Epitopes With Little Clinical Significance
Authors: Mangiola Massimo , Marrari Marilyn , Ensor Christopher , Spycher Martin O. , Berger Mel , Zeevi Adriana 
Published: June 2018

Background
Human immunoglobulins (H-Ig) are widely used in solid organ transplantation for immunoglobulin G (IgG) replacement and for desensitization and treatment of antibody-mediated rejection. They are obtained from plasma pools and may contain HLA antibodies that can be detrimental to transplant recipients. The goal of this study was to evaluate HLA antibodies in multiple lots of 2 commercial H-Ig preparations by Luminex single-antigen bead (SAB) and cell-based crossmatch assays.

Methods
Thirty lots of 2 commercial H-Ig products (CSL Behring, King of Prussia, PA) were evaluated: 6 Hizentra and 24 Privigen. All were adsorbed and diluted 1:10 before testing. HLA IgG antibodies were determined by 2 Luminex SAB kits and C1q screen for complement-binding capability. Lots were tested for the presence of antibody to denatured vs. intact class I HLA alleles using acid-treated SAB. Surrogate T and B-cell flow cytometry crossmatches (FCXM) were performed with peripheral blood lymphocytes from 2 healthy donors.

Results
Twenty-two (73%) lots at 1:10 showed SAB reactivity with mean fluorescent intensity of 2000 or greater for HLA class I, 67% (20/30 lots) for class II. The reactivity pattern was similar using both SAB kits. Acid treatment revealed antibodies to denatured class I: the majority of HLA-C, half of HLA-B and few HLA-A alleles. No C1q reactivity was observed. Surrogate flow cytometry crossmatch results were positive (>150 median channel shift), but were fourfold to eightfold lower than expected.

Conclusions
The H-Ig products tested consisted of low titer, non–complement-binding HLA class I and class II antibodies; most of the observed class I HLA reactivity was toward denatured HLA antigens.
Interaction between static visual cues and force-feedback on the perception of mass of virtual objects
Authors: Bi Wenyan , Newport Jonathan , Xiao Bei 
Published: June 2018

ABSTRACTWe use force-feedback device and a game engine to measure the effects of material appearance on the perception of mass of virtual objects. We discover that the perceived mass is mainly determined by the ground-truth mass output by the force-feedback device. Different from the classic Material Weight Illusion (MWI), however, heavy-looking objects (e.g. steel) are consistently rated heavier than light-looking ones (e.g. fabric) with the same ground-truth mass. Analysis of the initial accelerated velocity of the movement trajectories of the virtual probe shows greater acceleration for materials with heavier rated mass. This effect is diminished when the participants lift the object for the second time, meaning that the influence of visual appearance disappears in the movement trajectories once it is calibrated by the force-feedback. We also show how the material categories are affected by both the visual appearance and the weight of the object. We conclude that visual appearance has a significant interaction with haptic force-feedback on the perception of mass and also affects the kinematics of how participants manipulate the object.CCS CONCEPTS• Human-centered computing → Empirical studies in HCI; Empirical studies in interaction design; Empirical studies in visualization;ACM Reference FormatWenyan Bi, Jonathan Newport, and Bei Xiao. 2018. Interaction between static visual cues and force-feedback on the perception of mass of virtual objects. In Proceedings of. ACM, New York, NY, USA, 5 pages.
Diet-based assortative mating through sexual imprinting
Authors: Delaney E.K. , Hoekstra H.E. 
Published: June 2018

AbstractSpeciation is facilitated when traits subject to divergent selection also contribute to non-random mating—so-called ‘magic traits.’ Diet is a potential magic trait in animal populations because selection for divergence in consumed food may contribute to assortative mating and therefore sexual isolation. However, the mechanisms causing positive diet-based assortment are largely unknown. Here, using diet manipulations in a sexually imprinting species of mouse,Peromyscus gossypinus(the cotton mouse), we tested the hypothesis that sexual imprinting on a divergent diet could be a mechanism that generates rapid and significant sexual isolation. We provided breeding pairs with novel garlic- or orange-flavored water and assessed whether their offspring, exposed to these flavorsin uteroand in the nest before weaning, later preferred mates that consumed the same flavored water as their parents. While males showed no preference, females preferred males of their parental diet, which generated significant sexual isolation. Thus, our experiment demonstrates that sexual imprinting on dietary cues learnedin uteroand/or postnatally can facilitate reproductive isolation and potentially speciation.
Next-Generation Sequencing Could be a Promising Diagnostic Approach for Pathogen Detection: Pathogenic Analysis of Pediatric Bacterial Meningitis by Next-Generation Sequencing Technology Directly from Cerebrospinal Fluid Specimens
Authors: Guo Ling-yun , Li Yong-jun , Liu Lin-lin , Wu Hong-long , Zhou Jia-li , Zhang Ye , Feng Wen-ya , Zhu Liang , Hu Bing , Hu Hui-li , Chen Tian-ming , Guo Xin , Chen He-ying , Yang Yong-hong , Liu Gang 
Published: June 2018

AbstractBackgroundBacterial meningitis remains one of the major challenges in infectious diseases, leading to sequel in many cases. A prompt diagnosis of the causative microorganism is critical to significantly improve outcome of bacterial meningitis. Although various targeted tests for cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) samples are available, it is a big problem for the identification of etiology of bacterial meningitis.MethodsHere we describe the use of unbiased sequence analyses by next-generation sequencing (NGS) technology for the identification of infectious microorganisms from CSF samples of pediatric bacterial meningitis patients in the Department of Infectious Diseases from Beijing Children’s Hospital.ResultsIn total, we had 99 bacterial meningitis patients in our study, 55 (55.6%) of these were etiologically confirmed by clinical microbiology methods. Combined with NGS, 68 cases (68.7%) were etiologically confirmed. The main pathogens identified in this study were Streptococcus pneumoniae (n=29), group B streptococcus (n=15), Staphylococcus aureus (n=7), Escherichia coli (n=7). In addition, two cases with cytomegalovirus infection and one with Taenia saginata asiatica were confirmed by NGS.ConclusionsNGS could be a promising alternative diagnostic approach for critically ill patients suffering from bacterial meningitis in pediatric population.SummaryWe conducted the study for the identification of microorganisms by next-generation sequencing directly from CSF samples of pediatric bacterial meningitis patients. And the study showed that NGS could be a promising alternative diagnostic approach for bacterial meningitis in pediatric population.
Validation of an ultra-fast CNV calling tool for Next Generation Sequencing data using MLPA-verified copy number alterations
Authors: Tolhuis Bas , Karten Hans 
Published: June 2018

AbstractDNA Copy Number Variations (CNVs) are an important source for genetic diversity and pathogenic variants. Next Generation Sequencing (NGS) methods have become increasingly more popular for CNV detection, but its data analysis is a growing bottleneck. Genalice CNV is a novel tool for detection of CNVs. It takes care of turnaround time, scalability and cost issues associated with NGS computational analysis. Here, we validate Genalice CNV with MLPA-verified exon CNVs and genes with normal copy numbers. Genalice CNV detects 61 out of 62 exon CNVs and its false positive rate is less than 1%. It analyzes 96 samples from a targeted NGS assay in less than 45 minutes, including read alignment and CNV detection, using a single node. Furthermore, we describe data quality measures to minimize false discoveries. In conclusion, Genalice CNV is highly sensitive and specific, as well as extremely fast, which will be beneficial for clinical detection of CNVs.
Identification of Common Adulterants in Walnut Beverage Based on Plant DNA Barcode Technology
Authors: Han Qing , Zhang Yan , Shu Ying , Chen Jia , Zhang Yalun , Zhou Wei , Zhang Zhisheng 
Published: June 2018

AbstractWalnut beverage is a common vegetable protein drink that is rich in proteins and has a wide consumption market. In this study, a plant DNA barcode technology was used to establish a method to identify common adulterated ingredients (peanut and soybean) in walnut beverage. In this experiment, universal primers were designed, and PCR amplification was performed. The universal primers were screened by sequencing and comparing the amplified products. Results showed that the primers rbcL-4 and matK-4 amplified walnut, peanut, sesame, soybean, and hazelnut. Peanut genomic DNA and soybean genomic DNA were added to the genomic DNA of walnut in different proportions. Primer rbcL-4 can detect 10% peanut genome DNA, and primer matK-4 can detect 10% soybean genome DNA. Calculation results of the extraction rate revealed that primer rbcL-4 can detect 8.88% peanut raw materials and primer matK-4 can detect 2.30% soybean raw materials. The combination of these two primers can be used as a universal primer for the identification of adulterated components in walnut beverage. This experiment could serve as a theoretical reference for related research and detection.
RNA tertiary structure energetics predicted by an ensemble model of the RNA double helix
Authors: Yesselman Joseph D. , Denny Sarah K. , Bisaria Namita , Herschlag Daniel , Greenleaf William J. , Das Rhiju 
Published: June 2018

ABSTRACTOver 50% of residues within functional structured RNAs are base-paired in Watson-Crick helices, but it is not fully understood how these helices’ geometric preferences and flexibility might influence RNA tertiary structure. Here, we show experimentally and computationally that the ensemble fluctuations of RNA helices substantially impact RNA tertiary structure stability. We updated a model for the conformational ensemble of the RNA helix using crystallographic structures of Watson-Crick base pair steps. To test this model, we made blind predictions of the thermodynamic stability of >1500 tertiary assemblies with differing helical sequences and compared calculations to independent measurements from a high-throughput experimental platform. The blind predictions accounted for thermodynamic effects from changing helix sequence and length with unexpectedly tight accuracies (RMSD of 0.34 and 0.77 kcal/mol, respectively). These comparisons lead to a detailed picture of how RNA base pair steps fluctuate within complex assemblies and suggest a new route toward predicting RNA tertiary structure formation and energetics.