bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Optimizing venetoclax dose in combination with low intensive therapies in elderly patients with newly diagnosed acute myeloid leukemia: An exposure‐response analysis
Authors: Agarwal Suresh , Gopalakrishnan Sathej , Mensing Sven , Potluri Jalaja , Hayslip John , Kirschbrown Whitney , Friedel Anna , Menon Rajeev , Salem Ahmed Hamed 
Published: June 2019

AbstractThe objective of this research was to characterize the venetoclax exposure‐efficacy and exposure‐safety relationships and determine its optimal dose in elderly patients with newly diagnosed acute myeloid leukemia (AML) receiving venetoclax in combination with low intensity therapies (hypomethylating agent [HMA; azacitidine or decitabine] or low‐dose cytarabine [LDAC]). A total of 212 patients from the HMA study and 92 patients from the LDAC study were included in the exposure‐safety analyses. Those who received at least one dose of venetoclax and had at least one measurable response (201 and 83 in the HMA and LDAC studies, respectively) were included in the exposure‐efficacy analyses. The probability of response based on International Working Group (IWG) for AML response criteria, adverse events of grade 3 or worse neutropenia or infection or a serious adverse event was modeled using logistic regression analyses to characterize the venetoclax exposure‐response relationships. In combination with an HMA, increasing concentrations of venetoclax, up to those associated with a less than or equal to 400‐mg once daily (QD) dose, were associated with a higher probability of response, with a trend for flat or decreasing probabilities of response thereafter. In combination with LDAC, increasing concentrations of venetoclax were associated with higher probabilities of response, with no plateau observed. Increasing concentrations of venetoclax were not associated with increasing probability of any safety event except for a slight increase in grade 3 or worse infections with HMAs; however, tolerability issues were observed at doses of greater than or equal to 800 mg QD in each study. Exposure‐response analyses support the use of venetoclax 400 mg QD in combination with an HMA and 600 mg QD in combination with LDAC (ie, the next highest dose evaluated below 800 mg in each combination) to safely maximize the probability of response in elderly patients with newly diagnosed AML.
Designing Molecular Building Blocks for Functional Polymersomes
Authors: Rijpkema Sjoerd J. , Toebes B. Jelle , Maas Marijn N. , de Kler Noël R. M. , Wilson Daniela A. 
Published: June 2019

AbstractIn recent years various polymeric vesicles have been reported that show promising results for drug delivery applications, nanomotors and/or nanoreactors. These polymeric vesicles can be assembled from many different materials and various coupling reactions have been applied for functionalization of the vesicles. However, the designs reported are still rather simple, as it is challenging to mimic biological complex systems. In this review we focus on the properties of widely used hydrophobic polymers to better understand polymersome properties for various applications. Examples are shown of how researchers have used and modulated block‐copolymers and their properties to their advantage. Furthermore, an overview of possible end group functionalizations of nanoparticles is reported, giving insight in recent developments of smart nanoparticles for biomedical applications.
Nine questions on energy decomposition analysis
Authors: Andrés Juan , Ayers Paul W. , Boto Roberto A. , Carbó‐Dorca Ramon , Chermette Henry , Cioslowski Jerzy , Contreras‐García Julia , Cooper David L. , Frenking Gernot , Gatti Carlo , Heidar‐Zadeh Farnaz , Joubert Laurent , Martín Pendás Ángel , Matito Eduard , Mayer István , Misquitta Alston J. , Mo Yirong , Pilmé Julien , Popelier Paul L. A. , Rahm Martin , Ramos‐Cordoba Eloy , Salvador Pedro , Schwarz W. H. Eugen , Shahbazian Shant , Silvi Bernard , Solà Miquel , Szalewicz Krzysztof , Tognetti Vincent , Weinhold Frank , Zins Émilie‐Laure 
Published: June 2019

The paper collects the answers of the authors to the following questions:Is the lack of precision in the definition of many chemical concepts one of the reasons for the coexistence of many partition schemes?Does the adoption of a given partition scheme imply a set of more precise definitions of the underlying chemical concepts?How can one use the results of a partition scheme to improve the clarity of definitions of concepts?Are partition schemes subject to scientific Darwinism? If so, what is the influence of a community's sociological pressure in the “natural selection” process?To what extent does/can/should investigated systems influence the choice of a particular partition scheme?Do we need more focused chemical validation of Energy Decomposition Analysis (EDA) methodology and descriptors/terms in general?Is there any interest in developing common benchmarks and test sets for cross‐validation of methods?Is it possible to contemplate a unified partition scheme (let us call it the “standard model” of partitioning), that is proper for all applications in chemistry, in the foreseeable future or even in principle?In the end, science is about experiments and the real world. Can one, therefore, use any experiment or experimental data be used to favor one partition scheme over another? © 2019 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Improved osteogenic differentiation of human induced pluripotent stem cells cultured on polyvinylidene fluoride/collagen/platelet‐rich plasma composite nanofibers
Authors: Abazari Mohammad Foad , Soleimanifar Fatemeh , Amini Faskhodi Mojdeh , Mansour Reyhaneh Nassiri , Amini Mahabadi Javad , Sadeghi Solmaz , Hassannia Hadi , Saburi Ehsan , Enderami Seyed Ehsan , Khani Mohammad Mehdi , Zare Karizi Shohreh 
Published: June 2019

AbstractBlood transfusion or blood products, such as plasma, have a long history in improving health, but today, platelet‐rich plasma (PRP) is used in various medical areas such as surgery, orthopedics, and rheumatology in many ways. Considering the high efficiency of tissue engineering in repairing bone defects, in this study, we investigated the combined effect of nanofibrous scaffolds in combination with PRP on the osteogenic differentiation potential of human induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs). Electrospinning was used for fabricating nanofibrous scaffolds by polyvinylidene fluoride/collagen (PVDF/col) with and without PRP. After scaffold characterization, the osteoinductivity of the fabricated scaffolds was studied by culturing human iPSCs under osteogenic medium. The results showed that PRP has a considerable positive effect on the biocompatibility of the PVDF/col nanofibrous scaffold when examined by protein adsorption, cell attachment, and 3‐(4,5‐dimethylthiazol‐2‐yl)‐2,5‐diphenyltetrazolium bromide assays. In addition, the results obtained from alkaline phosphatase activity and calcium content assays demonstrated that nanofibers have higher osteoinductivity while grown on PRP‐incorporated PVDF/col nanofibers. These results were also confirmed while the osteogenic differentiation of the iPSCs was more investigated by evaluating the most important bone‐related genes expression level. According to the results, it can be concluded that PVDF/col/PRP has much more osteoinductivity while compared with the PVDF/col, and it can be introduced as a promising bone bio‐implant for use in bone tissue engineering applications.
Making light work of heavy metal contamination: the potential for coupling bioremediation with bioenergy production
Authors: Raikova Sofia , Piccini Marco , Surman Matthew K , Allen Michael J , Chuck Christopher J 
Published: June 2019

AbstractIntense anthropogenic activity continues to expose the natural environment to heavy metal contamination. Whilst a number of physical and chemical solutions for remediation exist, the use of higher plants and algae for clean‐up of contaminated landscapes, termed ‘phytoremediation’ and ‘phycoremediation’, respectively, offer an attractive and sustainable alternative. However, these remediation processes will always lead to a high‐moisture, heavy metal‐contaminated biomass, which must be further processed to partition, or render inert, the metal contaminants. Conversion of this metal‐rich biomass into second‐generation biofuels offers a useful route to subsidise the economics of remediation activities. Here we briefly review the various methods for bioremediation of heavy metals, and discuss the potential to produce bioenergy from these biomass sources. Coupling the bioremediation activity to bioenergy production gives far‐reaching social and economic benefits; however, established processes such as direct combustion and anaerobic digestion risk releasing heavy metals back into the environment. Alternatively, thermochemical conversions such as pyrolysis or hydrothermal liquefaction (HTL) offer significant advantages in terms of the segregation of metals into a relatively inert and compact solid phase while producing a biocrude oil for bioenergy production. In addition, preliminary work suggests that the HTL process can also be used to partition essential macronutrients, such as N, P and K, into an aqueous medium, allowing additional nutrient recycling. © 2019 Society of Chemical Industry
Effect of variable salinity wastewater on performance and kinetics of membrane‐based bioreactors
Authors: Rodriguez‐Sanchez Alejandro , Leyva‐Diaz Juan Carlos , Muñoz‐Palazon Barbara , Gonzalez‐Lopez Jesus , Poyatos Jose M 
Published: June 2019

AbstractBACKGROUNDA membrane bioreactor and two hybrid moving bed biofilm reactor‐membrane bioreactor systems were operated in parallel for the treatment of variable‐salinity wastewater. Influent salinity was changed according to tidal‐like cycles: 6 h of maximum salinity (4.5 or 8.5 mS cm−1) followed by 6 h of regular wastewater salinity (around 1 mS cm−1).RESULTSFor the two salinity scenarios, the bioprocesses operated under different conditions of mixed liquor total suspended solids (2500 and 3500 mg L−1), and hydraulic retention time (6, 9.5 and 12 h). The results showed that the bioprocesses had better performance under 4.5 mS cm−1 than under 8.5 mS cm−1 in terms of removal of biological oxygen demand at day 5 (BOD5) (+6.07%), ammonium cation (NH4+) (+41.29%) and total nitrogen (+37.64%), the heterotrophic and autotrophic yield coefficients (+0.02777 mgVSS mgCOD−1 and +0.13990 mgVSS mgN−1), and the autotrophic rate of substrate utilization (+3.39559 mgN L−1 h−1).CONCLUSIONSThe results obtained would become of help for the modeling of membrane‐based systems treating variable saline wastewater. © 2019 Society of Chemical Industry
Incomplete ART adherence is associated with higher inflammation in individuals who achieved virologic suppression in the START study
Authors: Castillo‐Mancilla Jose R , Phillips Andrew N , Neaton James D , Neuhaus Jacqueline , Sharma Shweta , Baker Jason V , Collins Simon , Mannheimer Sharon , Pett Sarah , Touzeau‐Römer Veronique , Polizzotto Mark N , Lundgren Jens D , Gardner Edward M ,   the INSIGHT START Study Group
Published: June 2019

AbstractIntroductionSuboptimal ART adherence, despite HIV viral suppression, has been associated with chronic residual inflammation. Whether this association extends to individuals who initiate ART during early HIV infection remains unknown, which was the objective of this study.MethodsPlasma levels of interleukin‐6 (IL‐6), high‐sensitivity C‐reactive protein, serum amyloid A protein (SAA), IL‐27, soluble intercellular adhesion molecule‐1, soluble vascular adhesion molecule‐1, D‐dimer and the CD4+/CD8+ T‐cell ratio, were analysed at baseline and eight months after ART initiation in treatment‐naïve participants with HIV and CD4+ T‐cells >500 cells/mm3 enrolled in the immediate arm of START. Adherence was assessed by seven‐day self‐report. Multivariable linear regression was utilized to analyse the association between ART adherence and each biomarker at the eight‐month visit in participants who achieved virologic suppression (<50 copies/mL).ResultsWe evaluated 1627 participants (422 female) who achieved virologic suppression at the eight‐month visit in the period between 2009 and 2013. Median (IQR) CD4+ T‐cell count before ART was 651 (585, 769) cells/mm3. Incomplete adherence was reported in 109 (7%) participants at the eight month visit. After adjusting for covariates, plasma IL‐6 was 1.12 (95% CI, 1.00 to 1.26; p = 0.047) fold higher in participants reporting incomplete versus 100% adherence. A similar association for SAA was observed in an exploratory analysis (1.29 (95% CI 1.04 to 1.60); p = 0.02). No significant differences in other biomarkers were observed.ConclusionsIncomplete ART adherence was associated with higher IL‐6 levels in individuals who achieved virologic suppression early after ART initiation in START. A potential similar association for SAA requires confirmation. These findings suggest a role for identifying strategies to maximize ART adherence even during virologic suppression. ClinicalTrials.gov number: NCT00867048.
Multi‐model assessment of global temperature variability on different time scales
Authors: Yu Haipeng , Wei Yun , Zhang Qiang , Liu Xiaoyue , Huang Jianping , Feng Taichen , Zhang Meng 
Published: June 2019

AbstractThis study explores the near‐surface air temperature (TAS) prediction skills at different time scales via coupled climate models that were involved in the Coupled Model Intercomparison Project phase 5 (CMIP5). The simulation skills of the global mean TAS are first assessed between the observations and models; then, the temporal variability is separated into three parts (the linear trend, decadal variability and inter‐annual variability), and each part is compared with the observations. It is found that the global mean TAS anomaly and the decadal variability are well captured by the model, while the inter‐annual variability is poorly presented. In all the three parts of different time scales, there are larger differences among the 18 models, and the ensemble mean of CMIP5 is the closest to the observations. Besides, the TAS decadal variability is better presented for global ocean than for global land. In the assessment of climate oscillation, it is found that the models can well reproduce the TAS decadal variation patterns correlated with the Pacific Decadal Oscillation (PDO) and the inter‐annual variation patterns correlated with El Niño–Southern Oscillation (ENSO) but poor for the decadal variation patterns related to the Atlantic Multidecadal Oscillation (AMO). This study provides a reference assessing the simulation skills of climate models and an indicator evaluating the advantage of CMIP6 in comparison with CMIP5.
Late Quaternary sea‐level change and evolution of Belfast Lough, Northern Ireland: new offshore evidence and implications for sea‐level reconstruction
Authors: Plets Ruth M. K. , Callard S. Louise , Cooper J. Andrew G. , Kelley Joseph T. , Belknap Daniel F. , Edwards Robin J. , Long Antony J. , Quinn Rory J. , Jackson Derek W. T. 
Published: June 2019

AbstractThe interplay of eustatic and isostatic factors causes complex relative sea‐level (RSL) histories, particularly in paraglacial settings. In this context the past record of RSL is important in understanding ice‐sheet history, earth rheology and resulting glacio‐isostatic adjustment. Field data to develop sea‐level reconstructions are often limited to shallow depths and uncertainty exists as to the veracity of modelled sea‐level curves. We use seismic stratigraphy, 39 vibrocores and 26 radiocarbon dates to investigate the deglacial history of Belfast Lough, Northern Ireland, and reconstruct past RSL. A typical sequence of till, glacimarine and Holocene sediments is preserved. Two sea‐level lowstands (both max. −40 m) are recorded at c. 13.5 and 11.5k cal a bp. Each is followed by a rapid transgression and subsequent periods of RSL stability. The first transgression coincides temporally with a late stage of Meltwater Pulse 1a and the RSL stability occurred between c. 13.0 and c. 12.2k cal a bp (Younger Dryas). The second still/slowstand occurred between c. 10.3 and c. 11.5k cal a bp. Our data provide constraints on the direction and timing of RSL change during deglaciation. Application of the Depth of Closure concept adds an error term to sea‐level reconstructions based on seismic stratigraphic reconstructions.
Geographical origin of Chinese apples based on multiple element analysis
Authors: Zhang Jianyi , Nie Jiyun , Kuang Lixue , Shen Youming , Zheng Haidong , Zhang Hui , Farooq Saqib , Asim Syed 
Published: June 2019

AbstractBACKGROUNDApples from different regions of China show different qualities and internal characteristics, and appeal to different customers. However, these aspects have not been studied in depth. We characterized the profiles of 14 elements in 317 apple samples collected from five regions of China. Principal component analysis (PCA), linear discriminant analysis (LDA), and back‐propagation artificial neural networks analysis (BP‐ANN) were used to build models for apple authentication.RESULTSFourteen elements were successfully identified in apple samples by performing graphite furnace atomic absorption spectrometry (GFAAS) and inductively coupled plasma atomic emission spectroscopy (ICP‐AES) analyses. Comparative analysis showed significantly different element profiles in samples from different regions. The first five principal components obtained by PCA accounted for 71.8% of the total variance. The LDA obtained 70.0% classification rates. The BP‐ANN obtained 82.7% classification rates.CONCLUSIONThis study indicated the possibility that apples could be authenticated based on differences in their element profiles, and provided a basis for further geographical origin studies. © 2019 Society of Chemical Industry
Influence of hydrothermal treatment on the structural and digestive changes of actomyosin
Authors: Zhao Di , He Jing , Zou Xiaoyu , Xie Yunting , Xu Xinglian , Zhou Guanghong , Li Chunbao 
Published: June 2019

ABSTRACTBACKGROUNDHeat treatment induces both structural and digestive change of meat protein. However, little has been revealed regarding the associations between structural changes and digested peptides of myofibrillar proteins. This work investigated the effects of heat treatment on the structures and in vitro digestibility of actomyosin, and the peptidomics of the digests were analyzed using liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry (LC–MS/MS).RESULTSHeat treatment resulted in unfolding and aggregation behavior of actomyosin according to the results of surface hydrophobicity and particle size. Formation of disulfide bonds and increase in carbonyl groups that occurred during heat treatment of actomyosin indicated the oxidation of specific residues. Unfolding behavior could elevate digestibility of actomyosin by exposing residues, based on the identification of peptides in digests of actomyosin using LC–MS/MS. However, the disulfide bond proved to reduce the action of digestive proteases, since the peptides number (increased from 56 to 86 in sample heated at 70 °C for 30 min) and peptides intensity in digests largely increased after the addition of dithiothreitol (DTT). Heating at higher temperature (100 °C) induced severer aggregation and oxidation, which resulted in lower digestibility of actomyosin than that heated at 70 °C by burying or damaging partial cleavage sites for digestive proteases.CONCLUSIONSThis work highlights the huge influence of heat treatment on the multi‐scale structures of myofibrillar proteins, which largely changed the peptides composition in protein digests. © 2019 Society of Chemical Industry
Interesterified blend‐based and physical blend‐based special fats: storage stability under fluctuating temperatures
Authors: Zhu Ting‐Wei , Zhang Xia , Zong Min‐Hua , Linhardt Robert J , Li Bing , Wu Hong 
Published: June 2019

AbstractBACKGROUNDTemperatures that special fat faces in a real environment fluctuate, thus, understanding the property changes of special fats under fluctuating temperatures will be helpful in guiding how to keep its high quality in the production and application process. Therefore, a comparative study was carried out on the storage stability of physical blend‐based and interesterified blend‐based special fats (PBSFs and IBSFs) and their oxidative stability, crystallization and physical properties were studied under fluctuating temperatures.RESULTSThe peroxide values of IBSFs and PBSFs were less than 10.0 mmol kg−1 after 4 weeks of storage, and IBSFs had better oxidative stability. There was little change in the solid fat content, and the hardness decreased when IBSFs and PBSFs were stored for 4 weeks. X‐ray diffraction results indicated that PBSFs had only β‐crystal, but IBSFs had β‐ and β′‐crystal after storage. Moreover, in IBSFs, the transformation from β′‐ to β‐form in PS:RO‐IBSF was more obvious than that in PS:SO‐IBSF (PS, palm stearin; SO, soybean oil; RO, rapeseed oil) after 4 weeks of storage, and the good integrity of crystalline network in fast‐frozen special fats during fluctuating temperature storage followed the order: IBSF > PBSF, PS:RO‐PBSF > PS:SO‐PBSF.CONCLUSIONThe results suggest IBSF can better maintain its quality during fluctuating temperature storage than PBSF. © 2019 Society of Chemical Industry
A comparative study on proximate and mineral composition of coloured potato peel and flesh
Authors: Vaitkevičienė Nijolė 
Published: June 2019

AbstractBACKGOUNDPotato peels are usually discarded before consumption of the tubers. However, it could be expected that red‐ and purple‐fleshed potato peels contain more minerals. Therefore, the purpose of the study was to evaluate and compare the proximate and mineral composition in flesh and peels of six coloured potato cultivars. Five proximate compositions (dry matter, total soluble solids, protein, fibre, and ash) and nine minerals [phosphorus (P), calcium (Ca), magnesium (Mg), potassium (K), iron (Fe), zinc (Zn), copper (Cu), Boron (B), manganese (Mn)] content were determined. The data obtained were evaluated employing the multivariate analysis techniques: principal component analysis and hierarchical cluster analysis.RESULTSThe results show that proximate and mineral composition depends on potato tissue and cultivar. Potato peels have significantly higher levels of protein, fibre, ash and minerals (except Mg) than the flesh. However, flesh contains the highest contents of dry matter and total soluble solids. Of the studied elements, K has the highest content in both parts of the potato tuber followed by P, Mg, Ca, Fe, Zn, B, Mn, and Cu. Violetta peels had the highest contents of ash, K and Mg, and Highland Burgundy Red peels had the highest protein, fibre, Ca, Mn contents. The flesh of the Highland Burgundy Red cultivar shows the highest contents of dry matter and total soluble solids.CONCLUSIONBased on the present study, it can be concluded that the investigated red and purple potato peels showed significantly higher protein, fibre, ash and element (K, Ca, Mg, P, Fe, Cu, Zn, Mn, B) contents compared to the flesh. © 2019 Society of Chemical Industry