bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Decidualization of the human endometrium
Authors: Okada Hidetaka , Tsuzuki Tomoko , Murata Hiromi 
Published: February 2018

AbstractBackgroundDecidualization of the human endometrium, which involves a dramatic morphological and functional differentiation of human endometrial stromal cells (ESCs), is essential for the establishment of a successful pregnancy. Decidualization results from a complex interplay of transcription factors, morphogens, cytokines, cell cycle regulators, and signaling pathways.MethodsBased on a literature review, the regulation of, and the molecular mechanisms involved in, the decidualization of the endometrium are described.Main findingsProgesterone, together with proteins that are regulated by progesterone and/or cyclic adenosine monophosphate, including homeobox A10, forkhead box O1, signal transducers and activators of transcription, and heart and neural crest derivatives expressed transcript 2, forms a critical network for ESC decidualization and is a prerequisite to successful implantation. Decidualized ESCs contribute to the microenvironment at the feto–maternal interface and its direct or indirect influence on extracellular matrix remodeling, regulation of the local immune response, anti‐oxidative stress, and angiogenesis (vascular maturation). Impairment of this process is associated with a variety of pregnancy disorders, including infertility, recurrent miscarriages, and uteroplacental disorders.ConclusionA deeper understanding of the process of decidualization is expected to provide new insights into the fields of reproductive biology and reproductive medicine.
Output feedback stabilization for a general class of nonlinear systems via sampled‐data control
Authors: Li Zhanjie , Zhao Jun 
Published: February 2018

SummaryThis paper considers global output feedback stabilization via sampled‐data control for a general class of nonlinear systems, which admit unknown control coefficients and nonderivable output function. A sector region of the output function is given by utilizing a technical lemma, and a sampled‐data controller is designed by combining a robust state stabilizer and a reduced‐order sampled‐data observer. By carefully choosing an appropriate sampling period, the proposed controller guarantees the globally asymptotical stability of the closed‐loop systems.
Stochastic domination in space‐time for the contact process
Authors: van den Berg Jacob , Bethuelsen Stein Andreas 
Published: February 2018

AbstractLiggett and Steif (2006) proved that, for the supercritical contact process on certain graphs, the upper invariant measure stochastically dominates an i.i.d. Bernoulli product measure. In particular, they proved this for and (for infection rate sufficiently large) d‐ary homogeneous trees Td. In this paper, we prove some space‐time versions of their results. We do this by combining their methods with specific properties of the contact process and general correlation inequalities. One of our main results concerns the contact process on Td with . We show that, for large infection rate, there exists a subset Δ of the vertices of Td, containing a “positive fraction” of all the vertices of Td, such that the following holds: The contact process on Td observed on Δ stochastically dominates an independent spin‐flip process. (This is known to be false for the contact process on graphs having subexponential growth.) We further prove that the supercritical contact process on observed on certain d‐dimensional space‐time slabs stochastically dominates an i.i.d. Bernoulli product measure, from which we conclude strong mixing properties important in the study of certain random walks in random environment.
Theoretical and experimental analyses of the deposited silver thin films
Authors: Haji Abdolvahab Rouhollah , Zamani Meymian Mohammad Reza 
Published: February 2018

The silver thin films have been prepared using magnetron DC‐sputtering. We discuss in detail the thin films AFM images and their properties in different sputtering times of 2 to 6 minutes. Despite the low thickness of the films, the roughness saturation amounts, Ws, are well separated. The surface data do not follow the normal Family‐Vicsek scaling, and we have the local growth exponent, β(Ws(t)∼tβ). We obtained the global roughness scaling exponent α=0.36 and growth exponent, β=0.50.We also obtain the fractal spectrum of the data, f(α). The results show that the spectrum is right‐hook like. It distinguishes between different film thicknesses even in small sizes of hundreds of nanometers. Furthermore, we measure the surface conductivities and compare them to the thin film roughnesses. We investigate the roughness and fractality of the AFM data, looking for their relations to width and conductivity of the silver thin film samples.
Structure, corrosion, and tribological properties of CrSiN coatings with various Si contents in 3.5% NaCl solution
Authors: Wang Haixin , Ye Yuwei , Wang Yongxin 
Published: February 2018

The CrSiN coatings with different silicon contents were deposited on 304L stainless steel and single silicon substrates using medium frequency magnetron sputtering via adjusting the silicon target current. Microstructures, mechanical, corrosion, and tribological performances were systematically investigated by the corresponding equipment. The results showed that the CrSiN coatings were composed of 2 phases: the nanocrystalline CrN coordinated with adjacent Si3N4 to form a typical nanocrystalline amorphous structure. With the increase of silicon content, the hardness emerged a rising trend until 12.65 at.%, where the hardness reached its highest value at approximately 22 GPa. At the moment, the friction coefficient and wear rate were approximately 0.27 and 6.9 × 10−8 mm3/Nm, respectively, which were 18.75% and 61.67% lower than that of the CrN coating, respectively. This mainly attributed to the lubrication of tribochemical products of SiO2 and Si(OH)4. In addition, excellent toughness, high hardness, preferable adhesion, and good corrosion resistance also contributed to improve the tribological properties of CrSiN coating.
Efficient and Eco‐Friendly One‐Pot Synthesis of Functionalized Furan‐2‐one, Pyrrol‐2‐one, and Tetrahydropyridine Using Lemon Juice as a Biodegradable Catalyst
Authors: Khan M. Musawwer , Khan Sarfaraz , Saigal  , Sahoo Subash C. 
Published: February 2018

AbstractNew and facile one‐pot approach for the syntheses of polysubstituted pyrrol‐2‐one, furan‐2‐one and tetrahydropyridines (THPDs) from easily available starting materials using lemon juice as a green catalyst is presented. The synthesis of diverse furan‐2‐one and pyrrol‐2‐one derivatives were achieved from dialkyl acetylenedicarboxylates, different amines and aldehydes in high yields and short reaction times by employing 0.25 mL of lemon juice at 110 oC under solvent‐free condition. THPDs, on the other hand, were synthesized via the reaction among β‐ketoesters, various aromatic aldehydes, and amines in the presence of 0.25 mL of lemon juice in ethanol at room temperature. The molecular structure of compound pyrrol‐2‐one 7e and THPD 10g were confirmed by the single crystal X‐ray analysis. Application of cheap and green catalyst, environmentally benign reaction condition, good to high yields, applicable to a broad range of substrates and no column chromatographic separation are some salient features of this protocol.
The Asymmetric Friedel‐Crafts Reaction of Indoles with Arylidenemalonates Catalyzed by MgI2/PyBox Complexes
Authors: Anokhin Maksim V. , Feofanov Mikhail N. , Averin Alexei D. , Beletskaya Irina P. 
Published: February 2018

AbstractA mild and efficient catalytic enantioselective addition of indoles to dimethyl arylidenemalonates using MgI2 and PyBOX ligands bearing halogen substituents has been elaborated. The reactions were conducted in DCM at low temperature generally providing high yields (up to 99%), while enantioselectivity was shown to be strongly dependent on the nature of substituents in arylidenemalonate and indole reaching 83% ee. The reactivity of arylidenemalonates under described conditions was found to be enough different from that in copper‐catalyzed Friedel‐Crafts alkylation.
Climate and colonialism
Authors: Mahony Martin , Endfield Georgina 
Published: February 2018

Recent years have seen a growth in scholarship on the intertwined histories of climate, science, and European imperialism. Scholarship has focused both on how the material realities of climate shaped colonial enterprises, and on how ideas about climate informed imperial ideologies. Historians have shown how European expansion was justified by its protagonists with theories of racial superiority, which were often closely tied to ideas of climatic determinism. Meanwhile, the colonial spaces established by European powers offered novel “laboratories” where ideas about acclimatization and climatic improvement could be tested on the ground. While historical scholarship has focused on how powerful ideas of climate informed imperial projects, emerging scholarship in environmental history, history of science, and historical geography focuses instead on the material and cognitive practices by which the climates of colonial spaces were made known and dealt with in fields such as forestry, agriculture, and human health. These heretofore rather disparate areas of historical research carry great contemporary relevance for studies of how climates and their changes have been understood, debated, and adapted to in the past.This article is categorized under:Climate, History, Society, Culture > Major Historical Eras
Fast and accurate modelling of frictional transient pipe flow
Authors: Urbanowicz Kamil 
Published: February 2018

AbstractThis paper is devoted to the one‐dimensional (1D) modelling of hydraulic losses during transient flow of liquids in pressure lines. Unsteady pipe wall shear stress is present in the form of a convolution of liquid acceleration with a weighting function. The weighting function depends on the dimensionless time and the Reynolds number. In the original model of Zielke (1968), computation of the convolution integral had a complex and inefficient mathematical structure (featured power growth of computational time). Therefore, further work aimed at developing efficient models for estimation of unsteady hydraulic resistance (with nearly linear growth of computational time). In the present paper, a correction to the erratic recursive formula by Schohl (1993), being used to calculate the unsteady wall shear stresses during transient flow, is presented. The simulation results obtained with the corrected Schohl's recursive formula are consistent with the classic but computationally inefficient formula proposed recently by Vardy and Brown (2010). The accuracy of the efficient weighting function obtained in wall shear stress models is verified. The results of pressure pulsation obtained when taking into account cavitating flow, or not, are surprising in the sense that the weighting function does not need to be built by a lengthy sum of exponential terms to accurately simulate the transient event.
Community structure of shallow water Alcyonacea (Anthozoa: Octocorallia) from the southern Tropical Eastern Pacific
Authors: Steiner Sascha C. C. , Riegl Bernhard , Lavorato Antonella , Rodríguez Jenny 
Published: February 2018

AbstractAlcyonacea are sessile invertebrates, which can significantly shape the boundary layer in coral reefs and rocky habitats. Ecological aspects in this taxon have been well studied in the Caribbean, Mediterranean, and Indo‐Pacific. With few recent exceptions, studies in the Eastern Pacific focused on taxonomy. We present a quantitative assessment of Alcyonacea communities from the southern Tropical Eastern Pacific, based on video transects in the Marine Reserve El Pelado. Seventeen species from the Plexauridae (8), Gorgoniidea (8), and Clavularidae (1) were identified, comprising 6963 colonies dominated byMuricea(86.7%), particularlyM. plantaginea(48.6%). The overwhelming dominance ofM. plantagineawas the most striking and previously unreported community trait, which contributed to a moderate Shannon entropy (n= 31, H mean 1.40, SD 0.22), equitability (n= 31, HEmean 0.16, SD 0.4), and species diversity expressed as effective number of species (n= 31, mean 4.16, SD 0.87). Few common species overprinted a more variable and subtle community pattern among rarer species, suggested in agglomerative hierarchical cluster analyses. Four species (M. plantaginea,M. purpurea,M. fruticosaandLeptogorgia alba) had the strongest influence on site groupings in the correspondence analysis between a principal component analysis of a Hellinger‐transformed Alcyonacea species matrix and substrate categories, with filamentous turf algae and crustose coralline algae being the main determinants of site differentiation.Muricea plantaginea's qualities of a keystone species, and the eurytopic and stenoecious distribution traits among some species are discussed. The invasiveCarijoa riiseiwas confirmed as biological thereat to other Alcyonacea, and possible physiological distribution limitations are indicated.
Interaction of aluminum oxide nanoparticles with flow of polyvinyl alcohol solutions base nanofluids over a wedge
Authors: Hassan Mohsan , Faisal Abrar , Bhatti Muhammad Mubashir 
Published: February 2018

Abstract
Polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) is an important industrial chemical, which is used in numerous chemical engineering applications. It is important to study and predict the flow behavior of PVA solutions and the role of nanoparticles in heat transfer applications to be used in chemical processes on industrial scale. Therefore, the present study deals with the PVA solution-based non-Newtonian Al2O3-nanofluid flow along with heat transfer over wedge. The power-law model is used for this non-Newtonian nanofluid which exhibited shear-thinning behavior. The influences of PVA and nanoparticles concentrations on the characteristics of velocity and temperature profiles are examined graphically. The impacts of these parameters on wall shear stress and convective heat transfer coefficient are also studied through tabular form. During the numerical computations, the impacts of these parameters on flow index and consistency index along with other physical properties of nanofluid are also considered. In this study, we found an improvement in heat transfer and temperature profile of fluid by distribution of Al2O3 nanoparticles. It is also noticed that resistance between adjacent layers of moving fluid is enhanced due to these nanoparticles which leads to decline in velocity profile and increases in shear stress at wall.
Experimental study on polishing performance of CeO2 and nano-SiO2 mixed abrasive
Authors: He Qiang 
Published: February 2018

Abstract
In this paper, superfine SiO2 nanoparticles are utilized as composite abrasive additive to improve the polishing property of CeO2, which is prepared through chemical precipitation method by rare-earth chloride as raw materials, silicofluoric acid as fluoride, Na2CO3 as modifier, and NH4HCO3 as precipitator. XRD, SEM, particle size analyzer, and atomic force microscopy are applied to characterize the physical structure, morphology, and size distribution. Furthermore, the as-prepared composite abrasive is used to perform chemical mechanical polishing (CMP) experiment on K9 glass to identify the impact of different mass fraction of SiO2 on the CMP property of work materials. The results show that the composite abrasive contained 0.5% SiO2 has the best polishing property, the surface roughness, and material removal rate of glass after polishing can reach at 1.3157 nm and 22.6 nm/min, respectively.
Negative emotions and behaviour: The role of regulatory emotional self‐efficacy
Authors: Mesurado Belén , Vidal Elisabeth Malonda , Mestre Anna Llorca 
Published: February 2018

ABSTRACTThe objective of this study is to test a longitudinal model that analyses the direct effect of negative emotions (anger, depression and anxiety, wave 1) on prosocial and aggressive behaviour (wave 2) in adolescents. And the indirect effect of negative emotions (wave 1) on prosocial and aggressive behaviour (wave 2) through regulatory emotional self‐efficacy. Data was obtained from 417 adolescents in a two‐wave longitudinal study (225 girls, M age = 14.70 years) from schools located in Valencia, Spain. SEM was employed to explore longitudinal models. The results showed that anger had a direct relationship with prosocial behaviour and aggression, measured two years later. However, the depression and anxiety states did not predict prosociality and aggressiveness. The mediation role of regulatory emotional self‐efficacy between negative emotion and behaviours was only partially confirmed. Finally, only the perception of self‐efficacy in expressing positive affect is related to prosociality and aggressiveness.
Meta-analytical prognostic accuracy of the Comprehensive Assessment of at Risk Mental States (CAARMS): The need for refined prediction
Authors: Oliver D. , Kotlicka-Antczak M. , Minichino A. , Spada G. , McGuire P. , Fusar-Poli P. 
Published: February 2018

AbstractPrimary indicated prevention is reliant on accurate tools to predict the onset of psychosis. The gold standard assessment for detecting individuals at clinical high risk (CHR-P) for psychosis in the UK and many other countries is the Comprehensive Assessment for At Risk Mental States (CAARMS). While the prognostic accuracy of CHR-P instruments has been assessed in general, this is the first study to specifically analyse that of the CAARMS. As such, the CAARMS was used as the index test, with the reference index being psychosis onset within 2 years. Six independent studies were analysed using MIDAS (STATA 14), with a total of 1876 help-seeking subjects referred to high risk services (CHR-P+: n = 892; CHR-P–: n = 984). Area under the curve (AUC), summary receiver operating characteristic curves (SROC), quality assessment, likelihood ratios, and probability modified plots were computed, along with sensitivity analyses and meta-regressions. The current meta-analysis confirmed that the 2-year prognostic accuracy of the CAARMS is only acceptable (AUC = 0.79 95% CI: 0.75–0.83) and not outstanding as previously reported. In particular, specificity was poor. Sensitivity of the CAARMS is inferior compared to the SIPS, while specificity is comparably low. However, due to the difficulties in performing these types of studies, power in this meta-analysis was low. These results indicate that refining and improving the prognostic accuracy of the CAARMS should be the mainstream area of research for the next era. Avenues of prediction improvement are critically discussed and presented to better benefit patients and improve outcomes of first episode psychosis.
Amendment of traditional assessment measures for the negative symptoms of schizophrenia
Authors: Farreny Aida , Usall Judith , Cuevas-Esteban Jorge , Ochoa Susana , Brébion Gildas 
Published: February 2018

AbstractSchizophrenia research based on traditional assessment measures for negative symptoms appears to be, to some extent, unreliable. The limitations of the Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale (PANSS) and the Scale for the Assessment of Negative Symptoms (SANS) have been extensively acknowledged and should be taken into account. The aim of this study is to show how the PANSS and the SANS conflate negative symptoms and cognition and to offer alternatives for the limitations found.MethodsA sample of 117 participants with schizophrenia from two independent studies was retrospectively investigated. Linear regression models were computed to explore the effect of negative symptoms and illness duration as predictors of cognitive performance.ResultsFor the PANSS, the item “abstract thinking” accounted for the association between negative symptoms and cognition. For the SANS, the “attention” subscale predicted the performance in verbal memory, but illness duration emerged as a stronger predictor than negative symptoms for outcomes of processing speed, verbal and working memory.ConclusionUtilizing alternative models to the traditional PANSS and SANS formats, and accounting for illness duration, provide more precise evidence on the relationship between negative symptoms and cognition. Since these measures are still extensively utilized, we recommend adopting more rigorous approaches to avoid misleading results.
Emotion regulation as a moderator of the interplay between self-reported and physiological stress and paranoia
Authors: Krkovic Katarina , Krink Stephanie , Lincoln Tania M. 
Published: February 2018

AbstractExperience sampling method (ESM) studies have found an association between daily stress and paranoid symptoms, but it is uncertain whether these findings generalize to physiological indicators of stress. Moreover, the temporality of the association and its moderating factors require further research. Here, we investigate whether physiological and self-rated daily stress predict subsequent paranoid symptoms and analyze the role of emotion regulation as a putative moderator. We applied ESM during 24 h to repeatedly assess heart rate, self-rated stress, and subclinical paranoia in a sample of 67 psychosis-prone individuals as measured with Community Assessment for Psychotic Experiences (CAPE). Adaptive and maladaptive emotion regulation was assessed at baseline with the Emotion Regulation Skills Questionnaire (ERSQ-ES) and the Cognitive Emotion Regulation Questionnaire (CERQ). Linear mixed models were used to analyze the data. Heart rate (b = 0.004, p < 0.05) and self-rated stress (b = 0.238, p < 0.001) predicted subsequent paranoia. The reverse effect, paranoia as a predictor of subsequent heart rate (b = 0.230, p = 0.615) or self-rated stress (b = –0.009, p = 0.751) was non-significant. Maladaptive emotion regulation was a significant predictor of paranoia (b = 0.740, p < 0.01) and moderated the path from self-rated stress to paranoia (b = 0.188, p < 0.05) but not the path from heart rate to paranoia (b = 0.005, p = 0.09). Our findings suggest a one-way temporal link between daily stress and paranoia and highlight the importance of emotion regulation as a vulnerability factor relevant to this process.