bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Effects on NOx and SO2 Emissions during Co-Firing of Coal With Woody Biomass in Air Staging and Reburning
Authors: Hodžić Nihad , Metović Sadjit , Kazagic Anes 
Published: February 2018

Co-firing coal with different types of biomass is increasingly being applied in thermal power plants in Europe. The main motive for the use of biomass as the second fuel in coal-fired power plants is the reduction of CO2 emissions, and related financial benefits in accordance with the relevant international regulations and agreements. Likewise, the application of primary measures in the combustion chamber, which also includes air staging and/or reburning, results in a significant reduction in emission of polluting components of flue gases, in particular NOx emissions. In addition to being efficient and their application to new and future thermoblocks is practically unavoidable, their application and existing conventional combustion chamber does not require significant constructional interventions and is therefore relatively inexpensive. In this work results of experimental research of co-firing coals from Middle Bosnian basin with waste woody biomass are presented. Previously formed fuel test matrix is subjected to pulverized combustion under various temperatures and various technical and technological conditions. First of all it refers to the different mass ratio of fuel components in the mixture, the overall coefficient of excess air and to the application of air staging and/or reburning. Analysis of the emissions of components of the flue gases are presented and discussed. The impact of fuel composition and process temperature on the values of the emissions of components of the flue gas is determined. Additionally, it is shown that other primary measures in the combustion chamber are resulting in more or less positive effects in terms of reducing emissions of certain components of the flue gases into the environment. Thus, for example, the emission of NOx of 989 mg/ measured in conventional combustion, with the simultaneous application of air staging and reburning is reduced to 782 mg/, or by about 21%. The effects of the primary measures applied in the combustion chamber are compared and quantified with regard to conventional combustion of coals from Middle Bosnian basin.Article History: Received: November 5th 2017; Revised: Januari 6th 2018; Accepted: February 1st 2018; Available onlineHow to Cite This Article: Hodžić, N., Kazagić, A., and Metović, S. (2018) Experimental Investigation of Co-Firing of Coal with Woody Biomass in Air Staging and Reburning. International Journal of Renewable Energy Development, 7(1), 1-6.https://doi.org/10.14710/ijred.7.1.1-6
Determination of Sliced Pineapple Drying Characteristics in A Closed Loop Heat Pump Assisted Drying System
Authors: Tunçkal Cüneyt , Coşkun Salih , Doymaz İbrahim , Ergun Ernes 
Published: February 2018

Pineapple (Ananascomosus) slices were dried with the aid of a heat pump assisted dryer (HPD). During this process, air velocity was kept constant at 1m/s, while air temperatures were changed as 37°C, 40°C and 43°C. The drying air was also circulated by using an axial fan in a closed cycle and fresh air was not allowed into the system. The drying rate and drying time were significantly influenced by drying temperature. It was observed that drying temperatures had significant effects on the drying rate and drying time. During the conduct of the study, pineapple slices were dried at 37, 40 and 43°C for 465, 360 and 290 min, respectively. The specific moisture extraction ratio (SMER) values were observed to change as drying temperatures were changed. The drying rate curves indicated that the whole drying process occurred in the falling rate period. Seven well-known thin-layer models (Lewis, Henderson &Pabis, Logarithmic, Page, Midilli & Kucuk, Weibull and Aghbashlo et al.) were employed to make a prediction about drying kinetics through nonlinear regression analysis. The Midilli & Kucuk and Aghbashlo et al. models were consistent with the experimental data. Fick’s second law of diffusion was used to determine the moisture diffusivity coefficient ranging from 3.78×10–9 to 6.57×10-9 m2/s the each of the above mentioned temperatures. The dependence of effective diffusivity coefficient on temperature was defined by means a fan Arrhenius type equation. The activation energy of moisture diffusion was found to be 75.24kJ/mol. Article History: Received: July 18th 2017; Received: October 27th 2017; Accepted: January 16th 2018; Available onlineHow to Cite This Article: Tunçkal, C., Coşkun, S., Doymaz, I. and Ergun, E. (2018) Determination of Sliced Pineapple Drying Characteristics in A Closed Loop Heat Pump Assisted Drying System. International Journal of Renewable Energy Development, 7(1), 35-41.https://doi.org/10.14710/ijred.7.1.35-41
Deletion in the uridine diphosphate glucuronyltransferase 2B17 gene is associated with delayed pubarche in healthy boys
Authors: Mouritsen Annette , Busch Alexander Siegfried , Aksglaede Lise , Rajpert-De Meyts Ewa , Juul Anders 
Published: February 2018

Objective
Only a few genetic loci are known to be associated with male pubertal events. The ability of excreting testosterone (T) and other steroids in the urine depends on sulfation and glucuronidation. One of several essential glucuronidases is encoded by the UGT2B17 gene. In a preliminary report, we found that homozygous deletion of UGT2B17 in boys was associated with lower urinary excretion of T. We hypothesized that boys with a lower glucuronidation capacity may have altered androgen action and excretion affecting pubarche, as this represents a T-dependent event.

Design, participants and measures
668 healthy boys (cross-sectional) aged 6.1–21.9 years (COPENHAGEN puberty study conducted from 2005 to 2006) were included. 65 of the boys where followed longitudinally every 6 months. Participants were genotyped for UGT2B17 copy number variation (CNV). Clinical pubertal staging including orchidometry, anthropometry and serum reproductive hormone levels.

Results
59 of the 668 boys (8.8%) presented with a homozygous deletion of UGT2B17 (del/del). These boys experienced pubarche at a mean age of 12.73 years (12.00–13.46) vs 12.40 years (12.11–12.68) in boys heterozygous for deletion of UGT2B17 (del/ins) vs 12.06 years (11.79–12.33) in boys with the wild-type genotype (ins/ins) (P = 0.029, corrected for BMI z-score). The effect accounted for 0.34 years delay per allele (95% CI: 0.03–0.64). A comparable trend was observed for onset of testicular enlargement >3 mL but did not reach significance.

Conclusion
CNV of UGT2B17 is a factor contributing to the timing of male pubarche.
Diagnostic accuracy of computed tomography to identify adenomas among adrenal incidentalomas in an endocrinological population
Authors: Marty M , Gaye D , Perez P , Auder C , Nunes M L , Ferriere A , Haissaguerre M , Tabarin A 
Published: February 2018

Context
The recent recommendations of the European Endocrine Society states that the performance of computed tomography (CT) to characterize ‘true' adrenal incidentalomas (AIs) remains debatable.

Objective
To determine relevant thresholds for usual CT parameters for the diagnosis of benign tumors using robust reference standard among a large series of ‘true’ AIs recruited in an endocrinological setting.

Design
Retrospective study of 253 AIs in 233 consecutive patients explored in a single university hospital: 183 adenomas, 33 pheochromocytomas, 23 adrenocortical carcinomas, 5 other malignant tumors and 9 other benign tumors. Reference standard was histopathology in 118 AIs, biological diagnosis of pheochromocytoma in 2 AIs and size stability after at least 1 year of follow-up in 133 AIs.

Methods
Sensitivity, specificity and positive and negative predictive values were estimated for various thresholds of size, unenhanced attenuation (UA), relative and absolute wash-out (RPW, APW) of contrast media. 197 scans were reviewed independently in a blinded fashion by two expert radiologists to assess inter-observer reproducibility of measurements.

Results
Criteria associated with a 100% positive predictive value for the diagnosis of benign AI were: a combination of size and UA: 30 mm and 20 HU or 40 mm and 15 HU, respectively; RPW >53%; and APW >78%. Non-adenomatous AIs with rapid contrast wash-out were exclusively benign pseudocysts and pheochromocytomas, suggesting that classical thresholds of 60% and 40% for APW and RPW, respectively, can be safely used for patients with normal metanephrine values. Inter-observer reproducibility of all parameters was excellent (intra-class correlation coefficients: 0.96–0.99).

Conclusions
Our study, the largest conducted in AIs recruited in an endocrinological setting, suggests safe thresholds for quantitative CT parameters to avoid false diagnoses of benignity.
Unenhanced CT imaging is highly sensitive to exclude pheochromocytoma: a multicenter study
Authors: Buitenwerf Edward , Korteweg Tijmen , Visser Anneke , Haag Charlotte M S C , Feelders Richard A , Timmers Henri J L M , Canu Letizia , Haak Harm R , Bisschop Peter H L T , Eekhoff Elisabeth M W , Corssmit Eleonora P M , Krak Nanda C , Rasenberg Elise , van den Bergh Janneke , Stoker Jaap , Greuter Marcel J W , Dullaart Robin P F , Links Thera P , Kerstens Michiel N 
Published: February 2018

BackgroundA substantial proportion of all pheochromocytomas is currently detected during the evaluation of an adrenal incidentaloma. Recently, it has been suggested that biochemical testing to rule out pheochromocytoma is unnecessary in case of an adrenal incidentaloma with an unenhanced attenuation value ≤10 Hounsfield Units (HU) at computed tomography (CT).ObjectivesWe aimed to determine the sensitivity of the 10 HU threshold value to exclude a pheochromocytoma.MethodsRetrospective multicenter study with systematic reassessment of preoperative unenhanced CT scans performed in patients in whom a histopathologically proven pheochromocytoma had been diagnosed. Unenhanced attenuation values were determined independently by two experienced radiologists. Sensitivity of the 10 HU threshold was calculated, and interobserver consistency was assessed using the intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC).Results214 patients were identified harboring a total number of 222 pheochromocytomas. Maximum tumor diameter was 51 (39–74) mm. The mean attenuation value within the region of interest was 36 ± 10 HU. Only one pheochromocytoma demonstrated an attenuation value ≤10 HU, resulting in a sensitivity of 99.6% (95% CI: 97.5–99.9). ICC was 0.81 (95% CI: 0.75–0.86) with a standard error of measurement of 7.3 HU between observers.ConclusionThe likelihood of a pheochromocytoma with an unenhanced attenuation value ≤10 HU on CT is very low. The interobserver consistency in attenuation measurement is excellent. Our study supports the recommendation that in patients with an adrenal incidentaloma biochemical testing for ruling out pheochromocytoma is only indicated in adrenal tumors with an unenhanced attenuation value >10 HU.
Legal Protection for Victims of Corporate Crimes In The Employment Field at Palembang City
Authors: Burhanuddin Burhanuddin 
Published: February 2018

Criminal sanctions which are imposed on corporations committing employment crimes as provided inArticle 185 paragraph (1) of the Manpower Act are sufficiently burdensome, both for corporations andcorporate administrators, as the cumulative and alternative system of criminal imposition of criminalpenalties. It means that the corporate executives who commit crimes may be subject to imprisonmentor criminal penalties and both imprisonment and fine. But in practice law enforcement officers do notdirectly impose criminal sanctions in the form of imprisonment to corporate executives who commitcrimes in the field of employment in the city of Palembang. This is due to the tendency of lawenforcement officers to use the principle of subsidiarity, namely the criminal law placed in the ultimumremendium position, on the grounds of economic considerations, so that sanctions are imposed onlyadministrative sanctions and criminal penalties and close the normative rights of labor only. DOI: 10.15408/jch.v5i2.7087
Referendum Patterns In General Regional Challenges of Regional Head In 2015 In Three Districts; Tasikmalaya, Blitar And North Timor
Authors: Tamrin Abu , Yunus Nur Rohim 
Published: February 2018

The phenomenon of a single candidate for regional heads occurred in the general elections of regionalheads in 2015, especially in three districts of Tasikmalaya, Blitar and North Central Timor. Thesethree areas have varying reasons for the occurrence of only one candidate pairs in the election. Inreality this condition is a form of empirical democracy that can not be rejected and avoided. So thenattempted to find a solution to the democratic party with the condition of only one candidate pair canstill run well. Therefore, the Constitutional Court decided to continue to provide an opportunity forthe regions to conduct regional head elections with only one candidate pair, using mechanisms ofagreeing and disagreeing, or so-called referendum patterns or polls. The public is only obliged todecide whether to agree or disagree with the candidate for the regional head who follows the generalelection. DOI: 10.15408/jch.v5i2.7092
THE WORTHINESS OF OVARY SYMPTOM INDEX, CA125 AND TRANSVAGINAL ULTRASONOGRAPHY IN SCREENING MALIGNANCIES OF ADNEXIAL MASSES
Authors: TAKMAZ Özge Kaymaz , ANĞIN Ali Doğukan , PİRİMOĞLU Zehra Meltem 
Published: February 2018

Objective:
To evaluate the efficiency of Ovarian Cancer Symptom Index questionnaire by
itself to define malignancy in patients with adnexial mass and to evaluate
additional effect of CA125 and
transvaginal ultrasonography on the index. Materials
and Methods: 79 patients being prepared for operation because of adnexial
mass in our clinic has been included in
our study. Ovarian Cancer Symptom Index, CA125, transvaginal ultrasonography
parameters were determined in preoperative term. Types, frequencies, severity
and duration of symptoms were questionned and compared benign and malign cases.
Parameters were compared with histopathology results after the surgery. Results: We did not find difference of
Ovarin Cancer Syptom Index positivity between women with benign and malign
adnexial mass (p&gt;0.05). The sensitivity, specifity, positive predictive
value, negative predictive value of Ovarin Cancer Syptom Index by itself were
%68, %65, 0.41, 0.61 consequently. When we used The Symptom Index combined with CA125, we
calculated sensitivity %73, spesifity %64, pozitive predictive value 0.32 and
negative predictive value 0,76. The symptoms of abdominal pain, bloating,
distension, eating disorders were significantly different between the groups. We
found that Ultrasonographic Morphologic Scoring System by Sassone et al. was
significant to differentiate malign and benign masses preoperatively. Conclusion:
Contemporary Ovarian Cancer Symptom Index used in this study has not
enough efficiency itself to differentiate malign and benign adnexial masses.It
would be more useful to arrange a new symptom index for the diagnosis of
ovarian cancer by using the symptoms which were significant to determine
malignancy in our study.
The effect of smartphone usage on the median nerve
Authors: İLİK Faik , BÜYÜKGÖL Huseyin , EREN Fatma A. , İLİK Mustafa K. , KAYHAN Fatih , KÖSE Hatice 
Published: February 2018

Purpose: The aim of this study was to examine the effects of smartphone use on the median nerve. Materials and Methods: Participants were classified into three groups according to their smartphone use frequencies; high smartphone users (with Smartphone addiction scale (SAS) score of higher than 71), low smartphone users (SAS score less than 71) and classical type mobile phones users. The Visual analogue scale (VAS), quick-disabilities of arm, shoulder, hand (qDASH) and median nerve conductions of the participants were assessed. Groups were compared to each other as well as dominant and non-dominant hand nerve measurements of participants were also compared. Results: VAS and qDASH values were not significantly different between groups. It was observed that the rare use of smartphones affected the median nerve conductions in a lesser manner compared to the classical mobile phone use. However, using smart phone in an increasing rate influenced the median nerves adversely. Conclusion: Excessive use of smartphone can lead to carpal tunnel syndrome via affecting the median nerve. In recent decades, there has been a widespread use of smartphones even at the level of addiction. This should be noted while designing the smartphones and voice applications should be used more often. Furthermore, it can be beneficial to follow up the median nerve conductions of patients who are addicted to smartphones with the help of electrophysiological studies
Attitudes of medical faculty students in Northern Cyprus towards mental illnesses
Authors: SÖNMEZ İpek , TOSUN Özgür , KÖŞGER Ferdi 
Published: February 2018

Purpose: Medical students must not only gain knowledge and skills about recognition and management of mental problems, but they also must improve their attitudes and practices toward persons having mental disorders. The aim of this study was to investigate the attitudes of the students in the Medical School of Near East University, which is the first medical school of Cyprus and composed of students from different cultures, toward mental illnesses.Materials and Methods: A total of 396 students (355 pre-clinical and 41 clinical) were included in the study. The Sociodemographic Data Form and Beliefs toward Mental Illness (BMI) Scale were used to collect data. Results: The Dangerousness Subscale scores were significantly higher for students from TRNC and Turkey (22.33 ± 6.21), compared to the students from other nationalities (18.87 ± 5.20). However, the Incurability Subscale scores of the students from other nationalities (28.92 ± 9.31) were significantly higher compared to those from TRNC and Turkey (25.18 ± 9.19). Conclusion: Our study results suggest that there is no strong relationship between beliefs toward mental illnesses and sociodemographic features; however, culture plays a key role in perceived beliefs on mental illnesses.
Araştırma görevlilerinin akılcı ilaç kullanımı konusunda bilgi ve farkındalıkları
Authors: KIROĞLU Olcay , BERKTAŞ Fatih , Şahan Eda , Karataş Yusuf 
Published: February 2018

Amaç: Çukurova Üniversitesi Tıp Fakültesi Hastanesinde çalışan araştırma görevlisi doktorların akılcı ilaç kullanımı konusunda bilgi ve tutumlarını değerlendirmek amaçlanmıştır. Gereç ve Yöntem: Çalışma tanımlayıcı tipte bir araştırmadır. Çukurova Üniversitesi Tıp Fakültesi Hastanesinde çalışan farklı uzmanlık alanlarından 128 araştırma görevlisi doktora anket çalışması uygulanarak oluşturulmuştur. Ankette akılcı ilaç kullanımı bilgi ve tutumunu değerlendiren 42 soru bulunmaktadır. Bulgular: Ankette doktorların akılcı ilaç kullanımına yönelik bilgi ve tutumları değerlendirilmiştir. Çalışmaya katılan asistan doktorlardan "Hastaya hastalığını ve nedenlerini anlatırım" diyenlerin oranı % 91.4’dür. "Hastaya tedavi uygulama gerekçelerini anlatırım" diyenlerin oranı % 83.6’dir. "Yazdığım ilaçlarla ilgili bilgi veririm" diyenlerin oranı % 84.6, "tedavi bilgilerini hastaya ya da yakınlarına tekrarlatırım" diyenlerin oranı % 46.9’dır. Doktorların %48.4’i ilaç fiyatlarına dikkat ederek ilaç seçtiğini belirtmiştir. İlaçlarla ilgili güncel bilgi öğrenmede en sık vademekum (%80.5) kullanılmaktadır. Sonuç: Üçüncü basamak sağlık kuruluşunda yaptığımız çalışmada, doktorların akılcı ilaç kullanımı konusunda bazı uygulamalarda bilgi ve tutumlarının eksik olduğu görülmüştür. Bu durum üçüncü basamakta çalışan araştırma görevlisi doktorlar için akılcı ilaç kullanımı konusunun sürekli tıp eğitimi kapsamında güncellenerek devam etmesi gerekliliğini ortaya koymuştur.
Konsep Kecerdasan Emosional dalam Perspektif Pendidikan Islam
Authors: Masruroh Anisatul 
Published: February 2018

Kecerdasan emosi adalah sebuah istilah umum, akan tetapi jika dikaji lebih dalam dan dipelajari isinya sebenarnya bukanlah hal baru. Dalam pengajaran Islam sendiri sudah termaktub dalam pendidikan seperti kesadaran diri (QS. Az Zumara: 15), pengendalian diri (QS. Al Hadid: 23), ketekunan, antusiame, motivasi diri (QS. Thaaha: 67-68 ), empati kepada sesama (QS. An Nur: 2), dan kemampuan sosial (QS. Al Hujurat: 13). Inti yang ingin didapatkan adalah bagaimana seseorang itu mengetahui, menguasai, dan mengontrol emosi yang biasanya merujuk kepada perilaku kedewasaan seseorang yang biasanya disebut kecerdasan emosi. Kaitan konsep kecerdasan emosi dan konsep pendidikan islam telah terlihat pada level kaitan kontrol diri dan relasi sosial antar manusia. Akan tetapi tidak bisa dipunkiri bahwa konsep kecerdasan emosi memiliki beberapa kekurangan dalam kaitannya dengan perkembangan dan peningkatan nilai penghambaan kepada Allah Emotional intelligence is indeed a relative term but when examined more deeply and study the actual contents are not considered new. In the Islamic teaching itself are included in the development of Islamic education such as self-awareness (QS. Az Zumara: 15), self-control (QS. Al Hadid: 23), perseverance, enthusiasm, motivation to self (QS. Thaaha: 67-68 ), empathy toward others (QS. An Nur: 2), and social skills (QS. Al Hujurat: 13). The procession in essence is resulted to how a person will know, master and control emotions all of which are often referred to maturity attitude of person namely emotional intelligence. The linkage concept of emotional intelligence to the concept of Islamic education has been seen at the level of the relationship of self (self-control) and social relations between human (horizontal). But it cannot deny that the concept of emotional intelligence has some shortcomings on several matters relating to the development and increase the value of devotion to God Almighty. Kata kunci: kecerdasan emosi, perspektif, pendidikan Islam