bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Some matrix properties preserved by generalized matrix functions
Authors: Benzi Michele , Huang Ru 
Published: January 2019

Abstract
Generalized matrix functions were first introduced in [J. B. Hawkins and A. Ben-Israel, Linear and Multilinear Algebra, 1(2), 1973, pp. 163-171]. Recently, it has been recognized that these matrix functions arise in a number of applications, and various numerical methods have been proposed for their computation. The exploitation of structural properties, when present, can lead to more efficient and accurate algorithms. The main goal of this paper is to identify structural properties of matrices which are preserved by generalized matrix functions. In cases where a given property is not preserved in general, we provide conditions on the underlying scalar function under which the property of interest will be preserved by the corresponding generalized matrix function.
Muscular and Neural Contributions to Postactivation Potentiation
Authors: Wallace Brian J. , Shapiro Robert , Wallace Kelly L. , Abel Mark G. , Symons Thorburn B. 
Published: January 2019

Abstract
Wallace, BJ, Shapiro, R, Wallace, KL, Abel, MG, and Symons, TB. Muscular and neural contributions to postactivation potentiation. J Strength Cond Res 33(3): 615–625, 2019—This study's purpose was to explain the relationship between muscle factors (twitch potentiation [TP]) and neural factors (reflex potentiation) contributing to total postactivation potentiation (PAP) that couples these. The tibial nerve of 15 participants were stimulated intermittently for 20 minutes at supramaximal (Mmax) and submaximal (Hmax) intensities on separate days under 2 conditions: (a) rest (Control) and (b) after a 10-second plantarflexion maximum voluntary isometric contraction (MVIC). Isometric twitch torque and rate of force development (RFD) as well as soleus and gastrocnemius electromyographic values were analyzed. Torque and RFD TP were significantly greater 10 and 30 seconds after MVIC vs. Control. Postactivation potentiation of torque and RFD at Hmax were highest at 3 and 4.5 minutes after MVIC, respectively, with RFD significantly elevated. Electromyographic values were not different between conditions. Twitch potentiation significantly contributed to PAP at the following time points: 20 seconds, Hmax peak, and 20 minutes after MVIC (torque: R
2 = 0.54, 0.76, and 0.70; RFD: R
2 = 0.46, 0.59, and 0.53). The soleus significantly contributed to PAP torque at 20 seconds and 20 minutes after MVIC, and to PAP RFD at 20 seconds, 4.5 minutes, and 20 minutes (torque: R
2 = 0.26 and 0.34, p ≤ 0.05; RFD: R
2 = 0.65, 0.52, and 0.41). The gastrocnemius did not significantly contribute to PAP. Both muscle and neural factors play a significant role in PAP, and neural factors may play a more prominent role in RFD potentiation than torque potentiation.
Self-Distancing May Be Harmful: Third-Person Writing Increases Levels of Depressive Symptoms Compared to Traditional Expressive Writing and No Writing
Authors: Giovanetti Annaleis K. , Revord JUlia C. , Sasso Maria P. , Haeffel Gerald J. 
Published: January 2019

Introduction: The positive effects of expressive writing on both mental and physical health are well documented. However, expressive writing may have the potential to activate negative schemas and facilitate rumination in those at high cognitive risk for depression (Yasinski, Hayes, & Laurenceau, 2016). The current research tested the hypothesis that writing using self-distancing would be more effective than traditional expressive writing in preventing depressive symptoms for those at high cognitive risk for depression. Method: Two studies using undergraduate samples (n = 104 and n = 80) were conducted to test our hypotheses. Both studies used a two-week daily writing experimental design. Results: Contrary to hypotheses, Study 1 found that individuals randomly assigned to a self-distancing writing condition reported greater levels of depressive symptoms than those assigned to a traditional expressive writing condition. The results of Study 2 replicated the results of Study 1. Participants randomly assigned to the self-distancing writing condition reported significantly greater levels of depressive symptoms than those in the expressive writing and no-writing control conditions. The effect of writing condition in Study 2 was driven by those with high levels of cognitive vulnerability. Discussion: Results suggest that writing using self-distancing should not be used for the prevention of depressive symptoms.
A systematic study on the recent crisis in public health in Kerala
Authors: Datta Saptashwa 
Published: January 2019

Introduction: The state of Kerala in the country of India has been getting on the wrong side of nature over the past few years. From raging floods to massive outbreaks of viral diseases, the state of Kerala has been in turmoil over the past few years. The rains and floods have ceased leaving behind a catastrophic world of copious vector-borne infectious diseases. Moreover, a migrant crisis has been looming over the state for the past few decades resulting in an accumulation of various other dangerous diseases from multiple different parts of the country. Even after taking into consideration the great health care facilities in Kerala there have been multiple reports of infectious disease outbreaks, especially in rural districts. This short review is written with the purpose to review the facts into a single entity that can provide solid proof and hence evoke a stricter sense of awareness among communities to minimize the losses and prevent the exigency of public health that can occur not too far away in the foreseeable future.
Methods: Various databases were searched like Scopus and Google scholar and all articles related to reported infections in the state of Kerala and the factors which can lead to the public health crisis were selected and included in the review.
Results: A multiple numbers of articles on viral infections were obtained in the various databases. Most of the bacterial infections were reported as urinary and respiratory tract infections. Migrant crisis and 2018 floods were two of the most recent contributing factors that can lead to an emergency in public health in the state.
Conclusion: There can be a sudden unexpected outbreak of infectious diseases if the government does not carefully monitor the rural districts like Alappuzha.
Antibiotic Prescribing for Children in United States Emergency Departments: 2009–2014
Authors: Poole Nicole M. , Shapiro Daniel J. , Fleming-Dutra Katherine E. , Hicks Lauri A. , Hersh Adam L. , Kronman Matthew P. 
Published: January 2019

OBJECTIVES:
To characterize and compare ambulatory antibiotic prescribing for children in US pediatric and nonpediatric emergency departments (EDs).

METHODS:
A cross-sectional retrospective study of patients aged 0 to 17 years discharged from EDs in the United States was conducted by using the 2009–2014 National Hospital Ambulatory Medical Care Survey ED data. We estimated the proportion of ED visits resulting in antibiotic prescriptions, stratified by antibiotic spectrum, class, diagnosis, and ED type (“pediatric” defined as &gt;75% of visits by patients aged 0–17 years, versus “nonpediatric”). Multivariable logistic regression was used to determine factors independently associated with first-line, guideline-concordant prescribing for acute otitis media, pharyngitis, and sinusitis.

RESULTS:
In 2009–2014, of the 29 million mean annual ED visits by children, 14% (95% confidence interval [CI]: 10%–20%) occurred at pediatric EDs. Antibiotics overall were prescribed more frequently in nonpediatric than pediatric ED visits (24% vs 20%, P &lt; .01). Antibiotic prescribing frequencies were stable over time. Of all antibiotics prescribed, 44% (95% CI: 42%–45%) were broad spectrum, and 32% (95% CI: 30%–34%, 2.1 million per year) were generally not indicated. Compared with pediatric EDs, nonpediatric EDs had a higher frequency of prescribing macrolides (18% vs 8%, P &lt; .0001) and a lower frequency of first-line, guideline-concordant prescribing for the respiratory conditions studied (77% vs 87%, P &lt; .001).

CONCLUSIONS:
Children are prescribed almost 7 million antibiotic prescriptions in EDs annually, primarily in nonpediatric EDs. Pediatric antibiotic stewardship efforts should expand to nonpediatric EDs nationwide, particularly regarding avoidance of antibiotic prescribing for conditions for which antibiotics are not indicated, reducing macrolide prescriptions, and increasing first-line, guideline-concordant prescribing.
Marusjas Strebergarten: alemán para extranjeros o la desestabilización de la lengua en el teatro de Nino Haratischwili
Authors: Hornos Weisz Leticia Iael 
Published: January 2019

En Die Barbaren. Monolog für eine Ausländerin, la dramaturga y escritora alemana nacida en Tblisi, Nino Haratischwili (1983), tematiza la tensión intercultural entre nativos, migrantes y refugiados en el seno de la sociedad alemana actual y construye un monólogo que puede ser leído como una crítica a las políticas de integración por medio del aprendizaje de la lengua extranjera. A través de la dicción barbarizante (Hamed, 2016) de una extranjera, la obra va a representar las tensiones y disputas simbólicas en el actual espacio social europeo. La voz monologante intenta socavar la jerarquía semántica de la lengua por medio del glosado del habla del otro, de acuerdo a lo que Jacqueline Authier-Revuz (2011) denomina heterogeneidad discursiva. Este procedimiento, propio del escenario configurado por el teatro posdramático (Lehmann, 1999), opera junto a otros mecanismos discursivos tales como la exhibición de los significantes como objetos y una persistente reflexión paródica articulada por el recurso del como si. Mediante el análisis de estas formas de desestabilización de la lengua, propongo hacer visible un lugar de enunciación disidente que proyecta más allá del espacio escénico la contienda del sujeto migrante con la trama discursiva de las lenguas centrales.
Quais clássicos? Um cânone para a Europa
Authors: Simoni Karine , Antonelli Roberto 
Published: January 2019

O artigo apresenta uma reflexão sobre o cânone literário europeu com o objetivo de averiguar se há um denominador literário comum entre os países da Europa. Além disso, questiona se esses elementos ditos comuns podem agir para superar a crise política, econômica e social enfrentada por aquele continente. A discussão mostra o resultado de duas pesquisas realizadas em 2007 e 2011 pelo Departamento de Estudos Europeus, Americanos e Interculturais da Universidade La Sapienza de Roma e pelo Centro de Iniciativa Democrática de Professores; pesquisa essa que contou com uma amostra de cerca de 3.000 estudantes universitários e de ensino médio, e cerca de 100 professores universitários de literatura. Algumas das questões que nortearam a pesquisa foram: O que cada país entende por “literatura europeia”? Quais autores e obras a representam? Esses autores e obras podem formar um “cânone” da “literatura européia” capaz de identificar e propor um denominador comum mínimo e um caminho formativo comum para todos os 28 países que atualmente formam a União Europeia? Em que perspectivas globais, ou de Weltliteratur, é possível imaginar as relações entre a literatura europeia e as literaturas de outros países e continentes?
Ambigüedad de la imagen: la dimensión pulsional en El diablo en el ojo de Jesús Gardea
Authors: Samperio Jiménez Daniel 
Published: January 2019

Conforme Jesús Gardea fue desarrollando su narrativa, la imagen poética se convirtió en uno de sus principales recursos estilísticos como en la novela El diablo en el ojo (1989). Su impronta en la narración revela una zona de ambigüedad tras la que asoma una dimensión de pulsiones en la historia. Este artículo analiza cómo se expresa estilísticamente esta dimensión en dos pasajes iniciales de la novela, entendida desde las nociones de Freud (pulsiones de vida y muerte), con el objetivo de indagar en el carácter ambiguo de la imagen y la visión de mundo que proyecta. Antes de ello, se repara en la complejidad del lenguaje y modo de narrar por medio de imágenes (desarrollo metafórico) de Gardea a partir de una revisión necesaria de su concepción de la escritura.
Increase in the constrictor effects of Rho-kinase in skeletal muscle and coronary arteries of rats with chronic hypothyroidism
Authors: Gaynullina D. K. , Selivanova E. K. , Sharova A. P. , Tarasova O. S. 
Published: January 2019

Aim. The deficit of thyroid function is known to be accompanied by an increase in the overall peripheral vascular resistance. This work tested the hypothesis that long-term hypothyroidism leads to an increase in the vasoconstrictor effect of Rho-kinase in skeletal muscle and heart resistance arteries of adult rats.Materials and methods.Male Wistar rats consumed the antithyroid drug propylthiouracil (PTU) in drinking water (0.025%), starting at 10 weeks of age. The rats of the control group received PTU-free water. After 14 weeks, the contractile responses of the gastrocnemius muscle arteries (to the α1-adrenoceptor agonist methoxamine) and the septal coronary artery (to the thromboxane A2 receptor agonist U46619) were isometrically recorded. The contribution of the Rho-kinase to the arterial contractile responses was assessed using inhibitor Y27632 (3 μM).Results.The consumption of propylthiouracil was accompanied by a marked decrease of thyroid hormone concentrations and an increase in total cholesterol serum level as well as a decrease in body weight. Maximal contractile responses of studied arteries were also reduced in hypothyroid rats. However, basal tone and reactivity to the moderate concentrations of agonists in arteries of hypothyroid rats were increased compared to control animals. Y27632 significantly weakened the contractile responses of the arteries and negated the differences between the two groups of rats.Conclusion.Chronic hypothyroidism leads to an increase in the activity of the Rho-kinase signaling pathway in the arteries of the gastrocnemius muscle and heart, which results in the increase of the spontaneous tone of the arteries and their reactivity to agonists.
A Review of the Addition of Cognitive Behavioral Therapy to Physical Rehabilitation for Chronic Nonspecific Low Back Pain
Authors: Sequin Elizabeth , Joseph Jennifer , Cowen Virginia S. 
Published: January 2019

Background:
Chronic nonspecific low back pain is common in adults in the United States. The assessment of nonpharmacologic treatment approaches is important in order to refer patients for optimal treatment. The addition of cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT) to physical rehabilitation may improve outcomes.

Methods:
We performed a review of randomized controlled trials comparing physical rehabilitation plus CBT with physical rehabilitation alone.

Results:
Six studies met the inclusion criteria; improvements were noted for all in both groups. Statistically significant differences between the groups were found in only 3 studies.

Conclusions:
The findings were not robust, but they suggest that the addition of CBT may be beneficial as an adjuvant therapy.
Post-Combustion Carbon Dioxide Enhanced-Oil-Recovery Development in a Mature Oil Field: Model Calibration Using a Hierarchical Approach
Authors: Olalotiti-Lawal Feyi , Onishi Tsubasa , Kim Hyunmin , Datta-Gupta Akhil , Fujita Yusuke , Hagiwara Kenji 
Published: January 2019

SummaryWe present a simulation study of a mature reservoir for carbon dioxide (CO2) enhanced-oil-recovery (EOR) development. This project is currently recognized as the world's largest project using post-combustion CO2 from power-generation flue gases. With a fluvial formation geology and sharp hydraulic-conductivity contrasts, this is a challenging and novel application of CO2 EOR. The objective of this study is to obtain a reliable predictive reservoir model by integrating multidecadal production data at different temporal resolutions into the available geologic model. This will be useful for understanding flow units along with heterogeneity features and their effect on subsurface flow mechanisms, to guide the optimization of the injection scheme and maximize CO2 sweep and oil recovery from the reservoir.Our strategy consists of a hierarchical approach for geologic-model calibration incorporating available pressure and multiphase production data. The model calibration is performed using regional multipliers, and the regions are defined using a novel adjacency-based transform accounting for the underlying geologic heterogeneity. The genetic algorithm (GA) is first used to match 70-year pressure and cumulative production by adjusting pore volume (PV) and aquifer strength. Water-injection data for reservoir pressurization before CO2 injection is then integrated into the model to calibrate the formation permeability. The fine-scale permeability distribution consisting of more than 7 million cells is reparameterized using a set of linear-basis functions defined by a spectral decomposition of the grid-connectivity matrix (Laplacian grid). The parameterization represents the permeability distribution using a few basis-function coefficients that are then updated during history matching. This leads to an efficient and robust work flow for field-scale history matching.The history-matched model provided important information about reservoir volumes, flow zones, and aquifer support that led to additional insight compared with previous geological and simulation studies. The history-matched field-scale model is used to define and initialize a detailed fine-scale model for a CO2 pilot area that will be used to study the effect of fine-scale heterogeneity on CO2 sweep and oil recovery. The uniqueness of this work is the application of a novel geologic-model parameterization and history-matching work flow for modeling of a mature oil field with decades of production history, and which is currently being developed with CO2 EOR.
Secondary pneumomediastinum and bilateral tension pneumothorax following aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage surgery: a report of five cases
Authors: Ma Haichun , Xuan Chengluan , He Kan , Wang Dan , Zhang Qunshu 
Published: January 2019

Abstract
Background: Simultaneous occurrence of secondary pneumomediastinum and bilateral tension pneumothorax is an uncommon complication of aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage.
Case presentation: In the present study, all five patients were admitted with Hunt and Hess grade IV. Pneumomediastinum and bilateral tension pneumothorax occurred simultaneously after clipping or embolization. Tube thoracostomy and underwater sealed drainage were performed to improve oxygen saturation and hemodynamics. Of five patients, one was decided to cease treatment on the first day after surgery, three patients achieved good recovery, and one patient suffered serious disability.
Conclusions: Anesthesiologists should be aware of pneumomediastinum and bilateral tension pneumothorax occurring after surgical or neurointerventional treatment in subarachnoid hemorrhage patients with poor Hunt and Hess grade. Timely diagnosis and chest tube insertion were extremely crucial in the treatment of these patients.
Keywords: Secondary pneumomediastinum; Bilateral tension pneumothorax; Aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage
Cardioprotective Effect of Remote Ischemic Preconditioning with Postconditioning on Donor Hearts in Patients Undergoing Heart Transplantation: a single-center, double-blind, randomized controlled trial
Authors: Wang Guyan , Zhang Ying , Yang Lijing , Chen Yimeng , Fang Zhongrong , Zhou Hui , Zhang Congya , Lei Guiyu , Shi Sheng , Li Jun 
Published: January 2019

Abstract
Background: Cardioprotective effect of remote ischemic preconditioning (RIPC) in cardiovascular surgery is controversy. This study investigated whether RIPC combined with remote ischemic postconditioning (RIPostC) reduces myocardial injury on donor hearts in patients undergoing heart transplantation.
Methods: One hundred and twenty patients scheduled for orthotopic heart transplantation were enrolled and randomly assigned to an RIPC+RIPostC group (n=60) or a control (n=60) group. In the RIPC+RIPostC group, four cycles of 5-min ischemia and 5-min reperfusion were applied on the right upper limb by a cuff inflated to 200mmHg after anesthesia induction (RIPC) and 20 minutes after aortic declamping (RIPostC). Serum cardiac troponin I (cTnI) level was determined preoperatively and at 3, 6, 12, 24 h after aortic declamping. Postoperative clinical outcomes were recorded. The primary endpoint was comparison of the cTnI levels at 6 h after aortic declamping.
Results: Compare with the preoperative baseline, serum cTnI levels peaked at 6h after aortic declamping in two groups. Compare with the control group, RIPC+RIPostC significantly reduced the serum cTnI levels at 6h after aortic declamping (38.87±31.81 vs 69.30±34.13ng/ml, P=0.018). There was no significant difference in in-hospital morbidity and mortality between the two groups.
Conclusion: In patients undergoing orthotopic heart transplantation, RIPC combined with RIPostC reduced myocardial injury at 6h after aortic declamping，while we found no evidence of this function provided by RIPC+RIPostC could improve clinical outcomes
Trial Registration: Trial Registration Number: chictr.org.cn. no. ChiCTR-INR-16010234. (Prospectively registered). The initial registration date was 9/1/2017.
Keywords: Ischemia; preconditioning; postconditioning; heart transplantation