bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
РОЗРОБКА СПЕКТРОФОТОМЕТРИЧНОЇ МЕТОДИКИ ВИЗНАЧЕННЯ ФЛАВОНОЇДІВ У СУХОМУ ЕКСТРАКТІ ПАГОНІВ ЧОРНИЦІ
Authors: Vronska L. V. , Ivanusa I. B. 
Published: October 2019

Мета роботи. Розробка спектрофотометричної методики кількісного визначення суми флавоноїдів в екстракті пагонів чорниці з використанням попередньо гідролізу їхніх глікозидних форм і екстракції отриманих агліконів.
Матеріали і методи. Сухий екстракт отримано з подрібнених пагонів чорниці методом дробної мацерації з використанням 50 – 70 % етанолу (об/об) як екстрагента. У роботі застосовували стандартний зразок кверцетину (Sigma-Aldrich). Запис електронних спектрів поглинання і вимірювання абсорбції здійснювали на спектрофотометрі Lambda 25 (PerkinElmer Ltd., США).
Результати й обговорення. Для підвищення селективності спектрофотометричного визначення флавоноїдів і уникнення впливу присутніх в екстракті гідроксикоричних кислот і хлорофілів спершу виділяли аглікони флавоноїдів, а потім кількісно визначали. Для цього було досліджено умови гідролізу глікозидів флавоноїдів в ацетоново-водному середовищі в присутності хлоридної кислоти та наступної екстракції агліконів етилацетатом. Встановлено, що отримані аглікони утворюють з алюмінію хлоридом комплекс, який має в електронному спектрі поглинання максимум при довжині хвилі 425 нм і для перерахунку вмісту суми флавоноїдів можна використати кверцетин як стандартну речовину. Було підібрано умови пробопідготовки і спектрофотометричного вимірювання, які дозволили проводити розрахунок вмісту методом стандарту. Лінійність, прецизійність і правильність методики експериментально доведено у діапазоні 20-250 % від очікуваного вмісту, що вказує на придатність запропонованої методики для кількісного визначення флавоноїдів в екстракті пагонів чорниці.
Висновки. Розроблено спектрофотометричну методику кількісного визначення флавоноїдів у сухому екстракті пагонів чорниці, яка дозволяє уникнути впливу гідроксикоричних кислот, присутніх в екстракті в значній кількості. Проведено вивчення лінійності, прецизійності і правильності методики в діапазоні 1,232 – 15,400 мкг кверцетину в 1мл кінцевого вимірюваного розчину (20 – 250 % від очікуваного вмісту), результати якого вказують на придатність методики для визначення вмісту флавоноїдів у сухому екстракті пагонів чорниці.
Feasibility and Clinical Significance of In Vivo Cholesterol Crystal Detection Using Optical Coherence Tomography
Authors: Katayama Yosuke , Tanaka Atsushi , Taruya Akira , Kashiwagi Manabu , Nishiguchi Tsuyoshi , Ozaki Yuichi , Matsuo Yoshiki , Kitabata Hironori , Kubo Takashi , Shimada Emi , Kondo Toshikazu , Akasaka Takashi 
Published: October 2019

Objective:
Cholesterol crystals (CCs) are frequently found at the site of acute myocardial infarctions (AMIs), but the role of CCs in the onset of AMI remains unclear due to the lack of validated in vivo imaging tools. The aim of this study was to validate the ability of optical coherence tomography (OCT) to detect CCs and to compare the prevalence and distribution of CCs in patients with AMIs and stable angina pectoris.

Approach and Results:

CC assessment using OCT were compared with histopathology results in 45 coronary samples. We investigated 152 consecutive patients with AMIs and 41 patients with single vessel-diseased stable angina pectoris. Based on the presence of plaque ruptures (PR), AMI patients were divided into 2 groups: those with PR (n=112) and those without PR (n=40). CCs invading fibrous caps were defined as superficial-type CCs. A multivariable logistic regression analysis was performed to determine PR predictors. The sensitivity and specificity of OCT for detecting CCs were 68% and 92%, respectively. The prevalence of plaques with CCs was higher in the AMI with PR group (AMI with PR 81%, AMI without PR 48%, stable angina pectoris 39%,
P
<0.01). A multivariable logistic model showed that superficial-type CCs and thin-cap fibroatheromas were positive predictors for PR.

Conclusions:
OCT has a high specificity and modest sensitivity for the detection of CCs. The combination of CCs invading fibrous cap and thin-cap fibroatheromas detected by OCT may better identify rupture-prone plaques.
Contralateral Hemispheric Cerebral Blood Flow Measured With Arterial Spin Labeling Can Predict Outcome in Acute Stroke
Authors: Thamm Thoralf , Guo Jia , Rosenberg Jarrett , Liang Tie , Marks Michael P. , Christensen Soren , Do Huy M. , Kemp Stephanie M. , Adair Emma , Eyngorn Irina , Mlynash Michael , Jovin Tudor G. , Keogh Bart P. , Chen Hui J. , Lansberg Maarten G. , Albers Gregory W. , Zaharchuk Greg ,   on behalf of the iCAS Study Investigators
Published: October 2019

Background and Purpose—
Imaging is frequently used to select acute stroke patients for intra-arterial therapy. Quantitative cerebral blood flow can be measured noninvasively with arterial spin labeling magnetic resonance imaging. Cerebral blood flow levels in the contralateral (unaffected) hemisphere may affect capacity for collateral flow and patient outcome. The goal of this study was to determine whether higher contralateral cerebral blood flow (cCBF) in acute stroke identifies patients with better 90-day functional outcome.

Methods—
Patients were part of the prospective, multicenter iCAS study (Imaging Collaterals in Acute Stroke) between 2013 and 2017. Consecutive patients were enrolled after being diagnosed with anterior circulation acute ischemic stroke. Inclusion criteria were ischemic anterior circulation stroke, baseline National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale score ≥1, prestroke modified Rankin Scale score ≤2, onset-to-imaging time <24 hours, with imaging including diffusion-weighted imaging and arterial spin labeling. Patients were dichotomized into high and low cCBF groups based on median cCBF. Outcomes were assessed by day-1 and day-5 National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale; and day-30 and day-90 modified Rankin Scale. Multivariable logistic regression was used to test whether cCBF predicted good neurological outcome (modified Rankin Scale score, 0–2) at 90 days.

Results—

Seventy-seven patients (41 women) met the inclusion criteria with median (interquartile range) age of 66 (55–76) yrs, onset-to-imaging time of 4.8 (3.6–7.7) hours, and baseline National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale score of 13 (9–20). Median cCBF was 38.9 (31.2–44.5) mL per 100 g/min. Higher cCBF predicted good outcome at day 90 (odds ratio, 4.6 [95% CI, 1.4–14.7];
P
=0.01), after controlling for baseline National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale, diffusion-weighted imaging lesion volume, and intra-arterial therapy.

Conclusions—
Higher quantitative cCBF at baseline is a significant predictor of good neurological outcome at day 90. cCBF levels may inform decisions regarding stroke triage, treatment of acute stroke, and general outcome prognosis.

Clinical Trial Registration—

URL:
https://www.clinicaltrials.gov
. Unique identifier: NCT02225730.
Heidegger’s Daoist Turn
Authors: Nelson Eric S. 
Published: October 2019

Abstract
Heidegger’s “Evening Conversation: In a Prisoner of War Camp in Russia, between a Younger and an Older Man” (1945), one of three dialogues composed by Heidegger after the defeat of National Socialist Germany published in Country Path Conversations (Feldweg-Gespräche) explores the being-historical situation and fate of the German people by turning to the early Daoist text of the Zhuangzi. My article traces how Heidegger interprets fundamental concepts from the Zhuangzi, mediated by way of Richard Wilhelm’s translation Das wahre Buch vom südlichen Blütenland (1912), such as naturalness, letting/releasement (Gelassenheit/wuwei), the unnecessary (wuyong zhi wei yong) and the useless (wuyong zhi yong) in the context of his hermeneutical and political situation. I consider to what extent this dialogue, along with his other discussions of the Zhuangzi and intensive engagement with the Daodejing from 1943 to 1950, constitute a “Daoist turn” in Heidegger’s thinking that helped shape his Postwar thought.
Pagan Readers of Christian Scripture: the Role of Books in Early Autobiographical Conversion Narratives
Authors: Mills Ian N. 
Published: October 2019

Abstract
Most scholars agree that “pagans” did not read Christian scripture. This critical consensus, however, places inordinate weight on a decontextualized quotation from Tertullian and neglects a body of evidence to the contrary. In particular, the role of books in early autobiographical conversion narratives suggests that early Christian authors and copyists could sometimes work with a reasonable expectation of pagan readership. Against traditional notions of the restricted appeal and circulation of Christian literature, pagan and Christian sources alike indicate that Christian writings found an audience among philo-barbarian thinkers and that certain Christians promoted their books in pagan circles.
Theognis on Breeding and Learning: Why Socrates Should Have Quoted His Verses in Plato’s Meno
Authors: Porubjak Matúš 
Published: October 2019

Abstract
This article reconsiders the significance of Theognis’ verses quoted in Plato’s Meno by examining the proposed dilemma in the Theognidea. Firstly, the structure of the dialogue, location of verses, and the dilemma itself are briefly discussed. The article then analyses Theognis’ ‘eugenic’ and ‘didactic’ positions, and suggests that there is no contradiction in the verses from the Theognidea quoted in the Meno, and that Plato was aware of this. The article finally concludes that the pictures of Socrates in Meno and Theognis in the Theognidea are alike in four important aspects: both are sôphrôn, both are personal exponents of dikê by virtue of their life, both are moral heroes striving for the improvement of others, and the result of their efforts has a tragic undertone. By drawing attention to tensions within the Theognidea, Plato may also draw readers’ attention to parallels between Theognis and Socrates as teachers.
Dermoscopy in the differential diagnosis between malar rash of systemic lupus erythematosus and erythematotelangiectatic rosacea: an observational study
Authors: Errichetti E , Lallas A , De Marchi G , Apalla Z , Zabotti A , De Vita S , Stinco G 
Published: October 2019

Background Malar rash is one of the three cutaneous diagnostic criteria of systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE). Although its clinical recognition is often straightforward, the differential diagnosis with erythematotelangiectatic rosacea may sometimes be challenging. Objective To describe dermoscopic features of SLE malar rash and investigate the accuracy of dermoscopy for the differential diagnosis with erythematotelangiectatic rosacea. Methods A representative dermoscopic image of target areas was evaluated for the presence of specific features. Fisher’s test was used to compare their prevalence between the two cohorts, and accuracy parameters (specificity, sensitivity, and positive and negative predictive values) were evaluated. Results Twenty-eight patients were included in the analysis, of which 13 had SLE malar rash and 15 erythematotelangiectatic rosacea. The main dermoscopic features of malar rash were reddish/salmon-coloured follicular dots surrounded by white halos (‘inverse strawberry’ pattern), being present in 53.9% of the cases, while network-like vessels (vascular polygons) turned out to be the main feature of erythematotelangiectatic rosacea, with a prevalence of 93.3%. The comparative analysis showed that the ‘inverse strawberry’ pattern was significantly more common in SLE malar rash, with a specificity of 86.7%, while vascular polygons were significantly more frequent in rosacea, with a specificity of 92.3%. Conclusion Dermoscopy may be a useful support to distinguish SLE malar rash and erythematotelangiectatic rosacea by showing peculiar features.
A ‘KAHOOT!’ Approach: The Effectiveness of Game-Based Learning for an Advanced Placement Biology Class
Authors: Jones Serena M. , Katyal Priya , Xie Xuan , Nicolas Madeleine P. , Leung Eric M. , Noland Damon M. , Montclare Jin Kim 
Published: October 2019

Background.Keeping high school students engaged and motivated to learn complex scientific concepts can be difficult and challenging; this is especially true if the task feels daunting and unfamiliar to the students. Incorporating educational technology, such as KAHOOT, into the classroom can help students learn scientific material even when it is difficult. Aim. Our objective is to determine the effectiveness of gamification in an Advanced Placement Biology (AP biology) classroom by using the online game ‘KAHOOT!’ as a supplement to traditional teacher-centered learning. In addition, we determine the use of ‘KAHOOT!’ in enhancing student engagement and the learning experience for biology. Methods. A presentation on Transcription and Translation was given to a small group of high school AP Biology students ( n = 18, 18 women). After the presentation, the students were given 15 questions and twenty seconds to answer each question in the ‘KAHOOT!’ game. Both the students and the teacher were given a post-activity survey to assess their interest in the activity. Results. Based on the responses in the Students’ Survey, ‘KAHOOT!’ can be used as a gamified assessment tool to help students learn the topic of ‘Transcription and Translation’ by actively engaging them in a fun and exciting manner. Conclusion. The overall activity had a positive impact on the students and teacher as the students enjoyed learning Transcription and Translation through the use of ‘KAHOOT!’.
Do Infant Cleft Dimensions Have an Influence on Occlusal Relations? A Subgroup Analysis Within an RCT of Primary Surgery in Patients With Unilateral Cleft Lip and Palate
Authors: Botticelli Susanna , Küseler Annelise , Marcusson Agneta , Mølsted Kirsten , Nørholt Sven E. , Cattaneo Paolo M. , Pedersen Thomas K. 
Published: October 2019

Aim: To investigate whether infant cleft dimensions, in a surgical protocol with early or delayed hard palate closure, influence occlusion before orthodontics. Design: Subgroup analysis within a randomized trial of primary surgery (Scandcleft). Setting: Tertiary health care. One surgical centre. Patients and Methods: A total of 122 unilateral cleft lip and palate infants received primary cheilo-rhinoplasty and soft palate closure at age 4 months and were randomized for hard palate closure at age 12 versus 36 months. A novel 3D analysis of cleft size and morphology was performed on digitized presurgical models. Occlusion was scored on 8-year models using the modified Huddarth–Bodenham (MHB) Index and the Goslon Yardstick. Main Outcome Measurements: Differences in MHB and Goslon scores among the 2 surgical groups adjusted for cleft size. Results: The crude analysis showed no difference between the 2 surgical groups in Goslon scores but a better MHB ( P = .006) for the group who received delayed hard palate closure. When adjusting for the ratio between cleft surface and palatal surface (3D Infant Cleft Severity Ratio) and for posterior cleft dimensions at tuberosity level, the delayed hard palate closure group received 3.65 points better for MHB (confidence interval: 1.81; 5.48; P < .001) and showed a trend for reduced risk of receiving a Goslon of 4 or 5 ( P = .052). For posterior clefts larger than 9 mm, the Goslon score was better in the delayed hard palate closure group ( P = .033). Conclusions: Seen from an orthodontic perspective, when the soft palate is closed first, and the cleft is large, the timing of hard palate closure should be planned in relation to posterior cleft size.
Polypharmacy and comorbidities among ambulatory cancer patients: A cross-sectional retrospective study
Authors: Alwhaibi Monira , AlRuthia Yazed , Alhawassi Tariq M , Almalag Haya , Alsalloum Haya , Balkhi Bander 
Published: October 2019

Introduction Polypharmacy is prevalent among cancer patients; however, its relationship with comorbidities as well as its other potential factors has not been well studied among this segment of the patient population. Although several studies have described the prevalence of polypharmacy in cancer patients, its prevalence among Middle Eastern cancer patients is largely unknown. Therefore, the aim of this study is to assess the prevalence of polypharmacy among ambulatory cancer patients as well as its association with comorbidities. Methods A cross-sectional study using patients’ electronic health records was conducted among ambulatory cancer patients aged ≥ 18 years in a tertiary care hospital. Polypharmacy was defined as the cumulative use of five or more medications. The main outcome was to assess the factors related to polypharmacy among ambulatory cancer patients which was evaluated using a multivariable binary logistic regression model. Results A total of 383 ambulatory cancer patients were included. Of these, approximately 79% had polypharmacy. Polypharmacy was more likely among patients with hypertension (AOR = 3.24; 95% CI: 1.41–7.42), diabetes (AOR = 3.33; 95% CI: 1.39–7.98), asthma (AOR = 8.64; 95% CI: 1.64–45.54), and anxiety (AOR = 3.61; 95% CI: 1.72–7.57). Conclusions Polypharmacy is highly prevalent in the Saudi Arabian oncology patients, especially in those with comorbidities like hypertension, diabetes, anxiety and asthma. Because polypharmacy mostly goes hand in hand with comorbidities, therefore, a multidisciplinary team approach of oncology pharmacist working with other healthcare providers to manage polypharmacy and simplify drug regimens for cancer patients is warranted to optimize the healthcare quality and improve drug safety.
Determinants of successful arteriovenous fistulae creation including intraoperative transit time flow measurement
Authors: Meyer Alexander , Flicker Eberhard , König Sascha T , Vetter Anne Sabine 
Published: October 2019

Background: The prevalence of hemodialysis patients is increasing, and it is important to create the arteriovenous fistula as early as possible to avoid hemodialysis by central venous catheter. International guidelines recommend arteriovenous fistula as the vascular access of first choice. Arteriovenous fistulae are associated with a failure rate of 23%. The success of an arteriovenous fistula can be evaluated intraoperatively by physical examination and by measuring the blood flow. Objectives: The aim of the study is to describe the predictive value of various factors for fistula maturation in the context to the current literature. Methods: We report on a prospective cohort study of 41 patients, undergoing a primary arteriovenous fistula at the upper extremity. The primary endpoint of the study was the successful fistula maturation after 6 weeks. Results: The intraoperative measurement of the blood flow in the outflow vein has been identified as the unique significant parameter for the fistula maturation. Conclusion: The predictive value of intraoperative flow measurement is superior to intraoperative physical examination and could help reduce the fistula dysmaturation rate. Intraoperative transit time flow measurement is an easy method and can be used to predict successful fistula maturation in a high percentage rate.
Impact of storage media and temperature on color stability of tooth-colored CAD/CAM materials for final restorations
Authors: Liebermann Anja , Vehling Dirk , Eichberger Marlis , Stawarczyk Bogna 
Published: October 2019

Background: This in-vitro study examined the impact of storage solution, storage duration, and storage temperature on discoloration of three tooth-colored CAD/CAM materials for final restorations. Methods: Specimens ( N = 288; n = 96 per material) with a thickness of 1 ± 0.03 mm of the following CAD/CAM materials were fabricated: resin composite (Lava Ultimate, 3M), polymer-infiltrated ceramic (VITA Enamic, VITA Zahnfabrik), and leucite ceramic (IPS Empress CAD, Ivoclar Vivadent). After baseline measurement, specimens were stored in red wine, curry solution, cress solution, and distilled water at 37°C or 55°C. The discoloration was measured using a spectrophotometer (Lambda 35 Perkin Elmer, Perkin Elmer Inc.) after 1 and 7 days storage. Data were analyzed using four-way ANOVA followed by the Scheffé post-hoc test and partial eta squared ( ηP²) test ( p < 0.05). Results: The highest influence on ∆ E was exerted by storage duration ( ηP² = 0.295, p < 0.001), followed by storage solution ( ηP² = 0.171, p < 0.001), CAD/CAM material ( ηP² = 0.049, p < 0.001), and storage temperature ( ηP² = 0.033, p < 0.001). Specimens stored for 7 days in staining solutions showed more discoloration than those stored for just 1 day. Higher ∆ E values were achieved for specimens stored in curry solution, followed by red wine, cress solution, and distilled water. Resin composite Lava Ultimate showed larger ∆ E values compared with the resin hybrid ceramic VITA Enamic and leucite ceramic IPS Empress CAD. Specimens stored at 37°C showed significantly less discoloration than those stored at 55°C. Conclusions: The degree of coloration of the materials depends on food and temperature and was most pronounced with Lava Ultimate.
IgA and IgG antibody detection of mycobacterial antigens in pleural fluid and serum from pleural tuberculous patients
Authors: da Silva Renan Jeremias , da Silva Corrêa Raquel , Sardella Isabela Gama , de Paulo Mulinari Ana Carla , Mafort Thiago Thomaz , Santos Ana Paula , Rufino Rogério , Rodrigues Luciana Silva , Saad Maria Helena Féres 
Published: October 2019

Abstract

Background
A previous study demonstrated pleural fluid (PF) IgA immunodominance for the fused MT10.3:MPT64 protein in pleural tuberculosis (PLTB) cases. However, no clue on the role of IgA and IgG against this and other antigens in PF and serum concerning improved diagnosis is available. Thus, the aim of the present study was to validate PF IgA-MT10.3:MPT64 and evaluate PF and serum IgA and IgG reactivity against this protein, its peptides (F2) and single MPT64, MT10.3 and the PPE59 mycobacterial specific antigens. IgA and IgG ELISA were measured against the antigen in PLTB (n = 29) and other non-TB pleurisy (n = 39) patient samples.

Results
The immunodominance of PF IgA-MT10.3:MPT64 was confirmed in PLTB (86.2%) followed by PPE59 (62%), while serum IgA-F2 exhibited 51.7% sensitivity. PF and serum IgG-MT10.3:MPT64 led to 65.5 and 51.7% sensitivity, respectively. However, MT10.3 and MPT64 displayed overall lower sensitivity (≤34.5) for both antibodies. All results at 95% fixed specificity. Combinatory results indicated 93.1% sensitivity for PF IgA-MT10.3:MPT64/−PPE59 and IgA/IgG-MT10.3:MPT64 at 92.3% specificity, followed by IgA-MT10.3:MPT64/−MPT64 or /−F2 (89.6%) without jeopardizing specificity (94.9%). The combinatory results of the PF adenosine deaminase test (ADA) and IgA-MT10.3:MPT64/−F2 demonstrated the highest sensitivity (96.6%), with a specificity of 92.3%.

Conclusions
The PF IgA-MT10:MPT64 immune dominance was validated in PLTB, and its combinatory results with PPE59 or MPT64 or F2 antigens as well as with IgG, are reported herein for the first time, improving their potential to assist diagnosis. Combining PF-ADA and IgA-MT10.3:MPT64/−F2 results achieved better accuracy. Moreover, serum IgG, although less accurate, displays potential beyond microbiological tests.