bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A 5‐week randomized clinical evaluation of a novel electric toothbrush head with regular and tapered bristles versus a manual toothbrush for reduction of gingivitis and plaque
Authors: Ccahuana‐Vasquez Renzo Alberto , Adam Ralf , Conde Erinn , Grender Julie M. , Cunningham Pamela , Goyal C. Ram , Qaqish Jimmy 
Published: October 2018

AbstractObjectiveTo evaluate the efficacy of an oscillating‐rotating (O‐R) electric rechargeable toothbrush with a novel round brush head comprised of regular and tapered bristles in reducing plaque and gingivitis versus a manual toothbrush.MethodsThis was a randomized, examiner‐blind, parallel group, five‐week study. Participants with mild‐to‐moderate plaque and gingivitis received an oral examination and were evaluated for baseline plaque (Rustogi Modified Navy Index), gingivitis (Modified Gingival Index) and gingival bleeding (Gingival Bleeding Index). Qualifying participants were randomly assigned to the novel Oral‐B sensitive brush head (EB60) on an Oral‐B Vitality O‐R handle (D12) or an ADA manual toothbrush. Participants brushed twice daily with the assigned brush and a standard fluoride dentifrice for 5 weeks before returning for an oral examination and plaque and gingivitis evaluations.ResultsA total of 150 participants were randomized to treatment and completed the study (mean age = 45.7 years). Both brushes demonstrated a statistically significant reduction in number of bleeding sites versus baseline (P < 0.001). At Week 5, the number of bleeding sites was reduced from baseline by 11.15 (52.2%) for the O‐R brush and 5.04 (23.6%) for the manual brush. The treatment difference was statistically significant (P < 0.001). Significant reductions versus baseline (P < 0.001) were also seen for both brushes for MGI, GBI and Rustogi plaque measures (whole mouth, gingival margin and proximal), but the O‐R brush produced significantly greater reductions versus the manual brush (P < 0.001).ConclusionThe O‐R handle and round brush head with tapered and regular bristles produced greater plaque and gingivitis reductions than the manual brush.
Energy storage properties in Ba5LaTi3Ta7O30 tungsten bronze ceramics
Authors: Zhu Xiao Li , Zhuang Ke Yang , Wu Shu Ya , Chen Xiang Ming 
Published: October 2018

AbstractBa5LaTi3Ta7O30 tungsten bronze ceramics is a typical linear dielectric with high dielectric constant and low loss, which is expected as a promising candidate for energy‐storage application. In the present work, energy‐storage properties of Ba5LaTi3Ta7O30 tungsten bronze ceramics were investigated, and the dielectric breakdown mechanism was also discussed based on the morphology of the fracture surface. Dense ceramics were obtained by sintering at temperatures from 1500 to 1575°C. Both the dielectric constant and dielectric strength show strong dependences on the sample density. Optimal dielectric constant of 159, dielectric strength of 639 kV/cm, and energy storage density of 2.9 J/cm3 were obtained for ceramics sintered at 1550°C, that have the highest density and fine grains. The dielectric strength and energy storage density were also highly dependent on the sample thickness. For ceramics sintered at 1525°C, the dielectric strength increases from 283 to 585 kV/cm while the energy storage density increases from 0.5 to 2.3 J/cm3 when the thickness changes from 0.5 to 0.2 mm. A thermal breakdown mechanism was adopted to understand the breakdown process in the present ceramics.
Oxidation effects on spark plasma sintering of molybdenum nanopowders
Authors: Lee Geuntak , Manière Charles , McKittrick Joanna , Gattuso Anthony , Back Christina , Olevsky Eugene A. 
Published: October 2018

AbstractSurface‐oxidized molybdenum nanopowders are compacted by spark plasma sintering (SPS). The oxide impurity behavior is analyzed under various sintering temperatures. The densification mechanism of the nanopowders with a melted oxide phase is identified in situ by regression analysis of the experimental data on the temperature‐dependent porosity change and on the SPS multistep pressure dilatometry. To increase the density of the compacted pellets, the nanopowders with the oxide phase are consolidated by SPS using the two in situ oxide removal methods: carbothermic reduction and particle surface cleaning by the electric current flow through the powders. The advantages and disadvantages of these methods in terms of the density, grain size, and mechanical properties of the final products are discussed.
Consolidation of mine tailings through geopolymerization at ambient temperature
Authors: Wan Qian , Rao Feng , Song Shaoxian , Leon‐Patino Carlos A. , Ma Yingqiang , Yin Wanzhong 
Published: October 2018

AbstractMine tailings‐based geopolymers were prepared at ambient temperature. The evolution of their microstructure and the immobilization of lead were studied. Characterizations include measurements in compressive strength, scanning electron microscope (SEM), Fourier‐transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) and toxicity characteristic leaching procedure (TCLP) tests. With increasing the ratio of metakaolin from 0% to 50%, geopolymer gel in the mine tailings‐based geopolymers increased from 33.92% to 79.45%, leading to the compressive strength that increased from 2 to 15.5 MPa. With addition of Pb(NO3)2, a three‐stepped changes in the compressive strength and microstructure of the geopolymers were observed. As increasing Pb(NO3)2 dosage from 0% to 6%, geopolymer gel was kept constant, while lead silicate glass increased from 0% to 10.51%, and Si sites in calcium silicate hydrate (CSH) gel decreased from 20.55% to 11.3%. Pb2+ was effectively immobilized in the geopolymers. This study first presents the evolution of geopolymer gel, belite, lead silicate glass, and CSH gel in mine tailings‐based geopolymers as the functions of metakaolin and Pb(NO3)2 additions.
Randomized controlled trial on effectiveness of mHealth (mobile/smartphone) based Preterm Home Care Program on developmental outcomes of preterms: Study protocol
Authors: Nayak Baby S. , Lewis Leslie Edward , Margaret Binu , Bhat Y Ramesh , D'Almeida Joslin , Phagdol Tenzin 
Published: October 2018

AbstractAimTo describe a randomized controlled trial protocol designed to evaluate the effectiveness of mobile health based Preterm Home Care Program (mHealthPHCP) known as “NeoRaksha” mobile health application in improving parent‐infant‐interaction, growth and development of preterms.DesignA prospective, randomized controlled clinical trial. The protocol is approved and funded by Department of Biotechnology, Government of India on 2 August 2016.MethodsA total of 300 preterm‐mother dyads admitted to neonatal intensive care unit of a tertiary care hospital will be recruited and randomized to intervention and control group. The intervention group would receive mobile health based Preterm Home Care Program and the control group would receive standard preterm care. Intervention group will be followed up at home by community health workers known as Accredited Social Health Activist who will be trained in using the NeoRaksha mobile health application. Preterms outcomes will be assessed during follow‐up at hospital.DiscussionSupporting continuity of preterm care is vital as parents and preterms experience transition from Neonatal Intensive Care unit to their home. Empowering mothers and community health workers by integrating mobile technology into health care can help promote healthy preterms, enhance development outcomes and follow‐up, which in turn can reduce the mortalities, morbidities, and disabilities associated with prematurity.ImpactThe results of this study could open up new horizons in integrating hospital and home based preterm care through technology, which paves way to scale up the model across the countries.
Efficacy of acupressure to prevent adverse reactions to anti‐tuberculosis drugs: Randomized controlled trials
Authors: Hsieh Chia‐Ju , Su Wei‐Juin , Wu Shiao‐Chi , Chiu Jen‐Hwey , Lin Li‐Chan 
Published: October 2018

AbstractAimTo determine whether acupressure can prevent or relieve the adverse drug reactions (ADRs) of anti‐tuberculosis drugs.BackgroundPeople receiving drug treatment for TB often experience ADRs that may cause them to stop taking their medication. Acupressure is a form of traditional Chinese medicine that can be applied to alleviate or prevent disease symptoms.DesignA double‐blinded, repeated‐measures clinical trial in hospitals in Taiwan was carried out from April 2015 – May 2017.MethodsConvenience sampling was used to select 32 people (15 for the experimental group and 17 for the control group) aged >20 years who were taking anti‐tuberculosis drugs. The people were randomized to receive 4‐week of true acupressure and 4‐weeks of sham acupressure. Acupressure therapy was given by a researcher in all cases. Both groups received treatment once per day on weekdays, with 15 min for each acupressure session. Outcomes (gastrointestinal irritation and adverse skin reactions) were assessed according to the people feedback and the physicians’ recordings during the treatment course, and during monthly follow‐up visits for 6 months thereafter.ResultsBoth groups typically experienced gastrointestinal irritation and adverse skin reactions within 2 months of beginning anti‐tuberculosis drug treatment. The 4‐weeks intervention involving relevant acupressure points successfully relieved both types of side effects in both immediate and delayed manner.ConclusionsWhen correctly implemented, acupressure can prevent and relieve the ADRs of anti‐tuberculosis drugs, and motivate people to complete their treatment course.
How graduate nurses adapt to individual ward culture: A grounded theory study
Authors: Feltrin Caterina , Newton Jennifer M , Willetts Georgina 
Published: October 2018

AbstractAimTo increase understanding of strategies graduate nurses use on a day‐to‐day basis to integrate themselves into pre‐existing social frameworks.BackgroundBeing a graduate nurse and transitioning from a novice to beginner in the first year of clinical practice is stressful, challenging and overwhelming due to steep learning curves and adjusting to working in professional environments. How graduate nurses socially adapt and fit into ward cultures is a hurdle to successful transition and can be difficult.DesignA qualitative constructivist grounded theory methodology was used.MethodsSeven adult, Registered Nurses were recruited using a purposive sampling technique. Participants were undertaking a graduate nurse transition programme, in one of two acute care, adult public hospitals in South Australia. Data collection conducted in 2016 used individual interviews consisting of open‐ended questions in an unstructured format. Transcripts were transcribed verbatim. Data analysis processes included initial and focused coding, theory building, memo‐writing and theoretical sampling.ResultsThree main categories: self‐embodiment and self‐consciousness, navigating the social constructs and raising consciousness, supported by subcategories describe the main strategies graduate nurses use to facilitate adaptation into complex clinical environments and ward cultures. Subsequent concept and theory development explains how graduate nurses find the social and professional balance to fit in.ConclusionsUnderstanding the graduates’ adaptation strategies can inform improvements in graduate nurse transition programmes. Facilitating and enhancing graduate nurse adaptation is the precursor in creating more resilient nurses ready to face the challenges that exist in today's work environments.
Associations between job satisfaction, person‐centredness, and ethically difficult situations in nursing homes—A cross‐sectional study
Authors: Vassbø Tove K. , Kirkevold Marit , Edvardsson David , Sjögren Karin , Lood Qarin , Sandman Per Olof , Bergland Ådel 
Published: October 2018

AbstractAimTo explore the associations between job satisfaction and perceived person‐centredness and ethically difficult situations among staff in nursing homes (NHs).BackgroundPrevious studies have indicated that person‐centredness and few ethically difficult situations can contribute positively to NH staff's job satisfaction. However, empirical evidence of these associations is lacking.DesignCross‐sectional survey design.MethodNursing home staff (N = 341) in six NHs in Australia, Norway, and Sweden completed the questionnaire measuring job satisfaction, person‐centredness, and ethically difficult situations. Data were collected between April – June 2016. Univariate analysis was used to describe the sample, one‐way analysis of variance examined differences between variables. Bivariate correlation tested the relationships between variables and hierarchical multiple regression explored the extent to which person‐centredness and ethically difficult situations could explain job satisfaction among staff.ResultsAfter controlling for socio‐demographic variables in a regression model, three variables of person‐centredness and “ethically difficult situations” were significantly associated with job satisfaction. A “climate of community” contributed the most, followed by the “amount of organizational and environmental support,” “a climate of everydayness,” and few “ethically difficult situations.”ConclusionThe results support the theoretical foundation and previous findings suggesting that establishing NHs organizations based on person‐centredness will increase staff job satisfaction. However, this is a cross‐sectional study and the causality may go in both directions and should be further explored.
Effectiveness of a case management model for the comprehensive provision of health services to multi‐pathological people
Authors: Hernández‐Zambrano Sandra Milena , Mesa‐Melgarejo Lorena , Carrillo‐Algarra Ana Julia , Castiblanco‐Montañez Ruth Alexandra , Chaparro‐Diaz Lorena , Carreño‐Moreno Sonia Patricia , Rico‐Salas Rafael Gabriel , Marles‐Salazar Maira Alexandra , Diaztagle‐Fernández Juan José , Ardila‐Rodriguez Helena Mercedes 
Published: October 2018

AbstractAimTo determine the effectiveness of a case management model for approaching multi‐pathological people in a health promoting entity of the contributory healthcare scheme in Bogotá, Colombia between 2018 ‐
.DesignMixed methods research.MethodThe study contemplates two components: a quantitative component using a quasi‐experimental analytical design before and after longitudinal intervention to determine the effectiveness of the case management model and a qualitative descriptive design to understand the experience of the participants about the model.The Administrative Department of Science, Technology and Innovation of Colombia (Colciencias) funded this project by means of call 777—November 2017, under the financing agreement No. 848—December 2017.DiscussionAddressing problems deriving from the structure of the Colombian healthcare system is crucial for implementing case management models. Furthermore, the effectiveness of such models may be affected by power relations and market failures, but the proved potential of a model may represent a generalized benefit for the Colombian health system.ImpactIn Colombia, considering complications and management of chronic non‐communicable diseases as isolated cases is considered as the highest cost events in healthcare provision, since an average of 12.8 million pesos is invested in each patient. This has led to rethink the management in these patients by means of a comprehensive model that guarantees the effectiveness of healthcare delivery, in the framework of a healthcare system heavily affected by payment capacity, where the market has a strong predominance, such as the case of Colombia.Trial registration number: RPCEC00000293
Can the Health Belief Model and moral responsibility explain influenza vaccination uptake among nurses?
Authors: Mo Phoenix K. H. , Wong Candice H. W. , Lam Eliz H. K. 
Published: October 2018

AbstractAimsThe aim of this study was to examine the prevalence and the factors associated with influenza vaccination among nurses in Hong Kong based on the Health Belief Model. The role of moral responsibility was also examined.BackgroundInfluenza vaccination is the most effective way to prevent influenza infection. Nurses are recommended to receive influenza vaccination annually. However, the rate of vaccination among nurses in Hong Kong is low.DesignA cross‐sectional study.MethodA survey was conducted among 214 nurses between January ‐ March 2017.ResultThe prevalence of having ever received influenza vaccination, having received influenza vaccination in the last influenza season and having intention to receive influenza vaccination in the coming influenza season were 64.5%, 29.0% and 23.3% respectively. Results from multiple stepwise logistic regressions showed that perceived benefits of influenza vaccination and having received recommendations from colleagues were associated with higher chances of having ever received influenza vaccination. Perceived susceptibility of influenza, perceived benefits of influenza vaccination and perceived moral responsibility were associated with higher chances of having received influenza vaccination in the last influenza season, whereas perceived barriers of influenza vaccination were associated with lower chances. Furthermore, perceived susceptibility of influenza and perceived benefits of influenza vaccination were associated with higher chances of having the intention to receive influenza vaccination in the coming influenza season, whereas perceived barriers were associated with lower chances. The moderating effect of perceived moral responsibility was not significant.ConclusionHealth promotion should make use of the Health Belief Model and increase moral responsibility to increase influenza vaccination rate among nurses.
Characterization of edema after cryo and radiofrequency ablations based on serial magnetic resonance imaging
Authors: Yamashita Kennosuke , Kholmovski Eugene , Ghafoori Elyar , Kamali Roya , Kwan Eugene , Lichter Justin , MacLeod Robert , Dosdall Derek J. , Ranjan Ravi 
Published: October 2018

AbstractIntroductionRadiofrequency (RF) and cryoablation are routinely used to treat arrhythmias, but the extent and time course of edema associated with the two different modalities is unknown. Our goal was to follow the lesion maturation and edema formation after RF and cryoablation using serial magnetic resonance imaging (MRI).Methods and ResultsVentricular ablation was performed in a canine model (n = 11) using a cryo or an irrigated RF catheter. T2‐weighted (T2w) edema imaging and late gadolinium enhancement (LGE)‐MRI were done immediately (0 day: acute), 1 to 2 weeks (subacute), and 8 to 12 weeks (chronic) after ablation. After the final MRI, excised hearts underwent pathological evaluation. As a result, 45 ventricular lesions (cryo group: 20; RF group: 25) were evaluated. Acute LGE volume was not significantly different but acute edema volume in cryo group was significantly smaller (1225.0 ± 263.5 vs 1855.2 ± 520.5 mm3; P = 0.01). One week after ablation, edema still existed in both group but was similar in size. Two weeks after ablation there was no edema in either of the groups. In the chronic phase, the lesion volume for cryo and RF in LGE‐MRI (296.7 ± 156.4 vs 281.6 ± 140.8 mm3; P = 0.73); and pathology (243.3 ± 125.9 vs 214.5 ± 148.6 mm3; P = 0.49), as well as depth, was comparable.ConclusionsWhen comparing cryo and RF lesions of similar chronic size, acute edema is larger for RF lesions. Edema resolves in both cryo and RF lesions in 1 to 2 weeks.
Genetic characterization, pathogenicity and benomyl susceptibility of Lecanicillium fungal isolates from Argentina
Authors: G. Manfrino Romina , Schuster Christina , Saar Katharina , C. López Lastra Claudia , Leclerque Andreas 
Published: October 2018

AbstractThe aim of this study was to investigate biological and molecular characteristics of Lecanicillium strains isolated from Hemipteran hosts in Argentina. Morphology‐based taxonomic characterization together with molecular taxonomy based on rRNA operon internal transcribed spacer (ITS), mitochondrial nad1 gene, and nuclear ef1a gene sequences resulted in the assignment of nine out of ten isolates to the Lecanicillium lecanii sensu lato complex. However, whereas several isolates were thus unequivocally characterized as Lecanicillium muscarium or Lecanicillium longisporum, species assignment was not possible for three isolates that might represent a new species within the L. lecanii s.l. complex. We found two group‐I introns on 18S and 28S rRNA gene on only one isolate. Pathogenicity tests were conducted against the peach aphid using conidial suspensions (1 × 107 conidia/ml), and the Kaplan–Meier analysis was performed to evaluate the survival of Myzus persicae. Lecanicillium longisporum CEP 155 and L. muscarium CEP 182 were significantly more pathogenic to M. persicae than all the Lecanicillium isolates causing aphid mortalities >85%. Determination of susceptibility to the benzimidazole fungicide benomyl revealed important differences between Lecanicillium strains. The inhibitory effect of benomyl appeared less pronounced for the L. muscarium fungal isolates than for those belonging to a different taxon. Based in our results, the best candidate strain as microbial biological control agent against M. persicae is L. muscarium CEP 182. However, further research under field conditions in greenhouses should be done in order to confirm the compatibility of entomopathogenic fungi and fungicides within an IPM strategy.
Virulence regulation of cel‐EIIB protein mediated PTS system in Streptococcus agalactiae in Nile tilapia
Authors: Xu Jun , Xie Yun‐Dan , Liu Ling , Guo Song , Su You‐Lu , Li An‐Xing 
Published: October 2018

AbstractStreptococcus agalactiae is a major pathogen of tilapia causing significant economic losses for the global aquatic industry yearly. To elucidate the role of cel‐EIIB protein‐mediated phosphotransferase systems (PTS) in the virulence regulation of S. agalactiae, cel‐EIIB gene deletion in a virulent strain THN0901 was achieved by homologous recombination. The cellobiose utilization of △cel‐EIIB strain was significantly decreased relative to S.a.THN0901 strain incubating in LB with 10 mg/ml cellobiose (p < 0.05). The biofilm formation ability of △cel‐EIIB strain was also significantly decreased when cultured in BHI medium (p < 0.05). Under a lower infection dose, the accumulative mortality of tilapia caused by △cel‐EIIB strain was dramatically decreased (20%), of which S.a.THN0901 strain and △cel‐EIIB::i strain were 53.33% and 50%, respectively. The competition experience using tilapia model indicated the invasion and colonization ability of △cel‐EIIB strain was significantly weaker than that of S.a.THN0901 strain (p < 0.05). Compared to △cel‐EIIB::i strain, the mRNA expression of csrS, csrR, rgfA, rgfC, bgrR and bgrS was significantly downregulated in △cel‐EIIB strain (p < 0.05). In conclusion, cel‐EIIB protein‐mediated cel‐PTS not only contributes to biofilm formation and virulence regulation, but also plays an important role in the invasion and colonization of S. agalactiae.
BANK CAPITAL, THE ANNOUNCEMENT OF THE FEDERAL RESERVE'S TERM AUCTION FACILITY, AND BANK BORROWING DURING THE FINANCIAL CRISIS OF 2007–2008
Authors: Zia Mujtaba , Karafiath Imre , Tripathy Niranjan 
Published: October 2018

AbstractDuring the financial crisis of 2007–2008, the Federal Reserve System created emergency lending facilities to address the liquidity problem in financial markets and alleviate the stigma attached to borrowing from its traditional lending facility, the discount window. The most important and commonly used facility was the Term Auction Facility (TAF) announced December 12, 2007. Using event‐study methodology, we find that stock prices of TAF participating banks experienced a significant −2.84% average cumulative abnormal return around the announcement date. The negative abnormal returns correlated with the peak loan balances reached on average 416 days after the announcement.