bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A virus plays a role in partially suppressing plant defenses induced by the viruliferous vectors
Authors: Li Pei , Liu Huan , Li Fei , Liao Xiaolan , Ali Shahbaz , Hou Maolin 
Published: June 2018

AbstractHerbivorous attack induces plant defenses. There is evidence that some pests suppress these defenses by interfering with signaling pathways. We here report that infestation by the white-backed planthopper, Sogatella furcifera, induces defense responses in rice and infection of the southern rice black-streaked dwarf virus in the planthoppers partially suppresses the planthopper-induced plant defenses. Salicylic acid (SA) levels generally showed a temporal increase pattern while jasmonic acid (JA) levels generally exhibited a decrease pattern in the planthopper-infested plants, irrespective of virus infection status in the insects. The increase in SA was less while the decrease in JA was more in the viruliferous insect-infested plants than in the nonviruliferous insect-infested plants at both 48 and 72 h post infestation. The phytohormone levels corresponded to the patterns of relative expression levels of SA-marker genes (ICS1 and NPR1) and JA-marker gene (AOS2) in the plant treatments. Planthoppers performed better on the uninfested plants than on the previously infested plants and were of not significant increase in performance on the plants previously attacked by viruliferous planthoppers in comparison with the plants previously attacked by nonviruliferous insects. Our results indicate that the virus plays a role in partially suppressing the plant defenses induced by the planthopper. These findings provide a new perspective on plant–virus-vector interactions.
Effect of Different Gate Lengths on Polarization Coulomb Field Scattering Potential in AlGaN/GaN Heterostructure Field-Effect Transistors
Authors: Cui Peng , Mo Jianghui , Fu Chen , Lv Yuanjie , Liu Huan , Cheng Aijie , Luan Chongbiao , Zhou Yang , Dai Gang , Lin Zhaojun 
Published: June 2018

AbstractThe AlGaN/GaN heterostructure field-effect transistors with different gate lengths were fabricated. Based on the chosen of the Hamiltonian of the system and the additional polarization charges, two methods to calculate PCF scattering by the scattering theory were presented. By comparing the measured and calculated source-drain resistances, the effect of the different gate lengths on the PCF scattering potential was confirmed.
Hepatobiliary MRI: Signal intensity based assessment of liver function correlated to 13C-Methacetin breath test
Authors: Haimerl Michael , Probst Ute , Poelsterl Stefanie , Beyer Lukas , Fellner Claudia , Selgrad Michael , Hornung Matthias , Stroszczynski Christian , Wiggermann Philipp 
Published: June 2018

AbstractGadoxetic acid (Gd-EOB-DTPA) is a paramagnetic MRI contrast agent with raising popularity and has been used for evaluation of imaging-based liver function in recent years. In order to verify whether liver function as determined by real-time breath analysis using the intravenous administration of 13C-methacetin can be estimated quantitatively from Gd-EOB-DTPA-enhanced MRI using signal intensity (SI) values. 110 patients underwent Gd-EOB-DTPA-enhanced 3-T MRI and, for the evaluation of liver function, a 13C-methacetin breath test (13C-MBT). SI values from before (SIpre) and 20 min after (SIpost) contrast media injection were acquired by T1-weighted volume-interpolated breath-hold examination (VIBE) sequences with fat suppression. The relative enhancement (RE) between the plain and contrast-enhanced SI values was calculated and evaluated in a correlation analysis of 13C-MBT values to SIpost and RE to obtain a SI-based estimation of 13C-MBT values. The simple regression model showed a log-linear correlation of 13C-MBT values with SIpost and RE (p < 0.001). Stratified by 3 different categories of 13C-MBT readouts, there was a constant significant decrease in both SIpost (p ≤ 0.002) and RE (p ≤ 0.033) with increasing liver disease progression as assessed by the 13C-MBT. Liver function as determined using real-time 13C-methacetin breath analysis can be estimated quantitatively from Gd-EOB-DTPA-enhanced MRI using SI-based indices.
A bacterial metabolite ameliorates periodontal pathogen-induced gingival epithelial barrier disruption via GPR40 signaling
Authors: Yamada Miki , Takahashi Naoki , Matsuda Yumi , Sato Keisuke , Yokoji Mai , Sulijaya Benso , Maekawa Tomoki , Ushiki Tatsuo , Mikami Yoshikazu , Hayatsu Manabu , Mizutani Yusuke , Kishino Shigenobu , Ogawa Jun , Arita Makoto , Tabeta Koichi , Maeda Takeyasu , Yamazaki Kazuhisa 
Published: June 2018

AbstractSeveral studies have demonstrated the remarkable properties of microbiota and their metabolites in the pathogenesis of several inflammatory diseases. 10-Hydroxy-cis-12-octadecenoic acid (HYA), a bioactive metabolite generated by probiotic microorganisms during the process of fatty acid metabolism, has been studied for its protective effects against epithelial barrier impairment in the intestines. Herein, we examined the effect of HYA on gingival epithelial barrier function and its possible application for the prevention and treatment of periodontal disease. We found that GPR40, a fatty acid receptor, was expressed on gingival epithelial cells; activation of GPR40 by HYA significantly inhibited barrier impairment induced by Porphyromonas gingivalis, a representative periodontopathic bacterium. The degradation of E-cadherin and beta-catenin, basic components of the epithelial barrier, was prevented in a GPR40-dependent manner in vitro. Oral inoculation of HYA in a mouse experimental periodontitis model suppressed the bacteria-induced degradation of E-cadherin and subsequent inflammatory cytokine production in the gingival tissue. Collectively, these results suggest that HYA exerts a protective function, through GPR40 signaling, against periodontopathic bacteria-induced gingival epithelial barrier impairment and contributes to the suppression of inflammatory responses in periodontal diseases.
The references level of cadmium intake for renal dysfunction in a Chinese population
Authors: Chen Xiao , Wang Zhongqiu , Zhu Guoying , Ding Xiaoqiang , Jin Taiyi 
Published: June 2018

AbstractRecent several studies indicated that a more restrictive dietary intake guideline for cadmium should be made for sufficient health protection. In the present study, we showed the references level of food cadmium intake (FCd) and total cadmium intake (TCd) for renal dysfunction by using benchmark dose (BMD) approach. 342 subjects living in a control and a cadmium polluted area were included in this study. The FCd, TCd and cadmium in urine (UCd) and blood (BCd) were calculated or determined. Urinary β2Microglobulin (UBMG) was determined as indicator of renal function. The median FCd, TCd, UCd and BCd were 1.4 g, 1.4 g, 3.1 μg/g creatinine(cr) and 1.3 μg/L in control and 3.3 g, 3.6 g, 13.5 μg/g cr and 12.1 μg/L in polluted area. The 95% lower confidence bounds of BMD (BMDLs) of FCd for renal dysfunction were 1.36–1.55 g (BMR = 10%) and 0.88–1.11 g (BMR = 5%). The BMDLs of TCd were 1.29–1.46 g (BMR = 10%) and 0.73–0.95 g (BMR = 5%). FCd and TCd are valuable markers for the predication of renal dysfunction induced by cadmium. The BMDLs of FCd were close to previous report in Japan and the BMDLs of TCd were lower than the critical standard previously reported, in particular at BMR of 5% which can be interpreted as representing the influence of smoking.
Transcriptional control of intestinal cholesterol absorption, adipose energy expenditure and lipid handling by Sortilin
Authors: Hagita Sumihiko , Rogers Maximillian A. , Pham Tan , Wen Jennifer R. , Mlynarchik Andrew K. , Aikawa Masanori , Aikawa Elena 
Published: June 2018

AbstractThe sorting receptor Sortilin functions in the regulation of glucose and lipid metabolism. Dysfunctional lipid uptake, storage, and metabolism contribute to several major human diseases including atherosclerosis and obesity. Sortilin associates with cardiovascular disease; however, the role of Sortilin in adipose tissue and lipid metabolism remains unclear. Here we show that in the low-density lipoprotein receptor-deficient (Ldlr−/−) atherosclerosis model, Sortilin deficiency (Sort1−/−) in female mice suppresses Niemann-Pick type C1-Like 1 (Npc1l1) mRNA levels, reduces body and white adipose tissue weight, and improves brown adipose tissue function partially via transcriptional downregulation of Krüppel-like factor 4 and Liver X receptor. Female Ldlr−/−Sort1−/− mice on a high-fat/cholesterol diet had elevated plasma Fibroblast growth factor 21 and Adiponectin, an adipokine that when reduced is associated with obesity and cardiovascular disease-related factors. Additionally, Sort1 deficiency suppressed cholesterol absorption in both female mice ex vivo intestinal tissue and human colon Caco-2 cells in a similar manner to treatment with the NPC1L1 inhibitor ezetimibe. Together our findings support a novel role of Sortilin in energy regulation and lipid homeostasis in female mice, which may be a potential therapeutic target for obesity and cardiovascular disease.
Natural infection of Neotropical bats with hantavirus in Brazil
Authors: Sabino-Santos Jr Gilberto , Maia Felipe Gonçalves Motta , Martins Ronaldo Bragança , Gagliardi Talita Bianca , Souza William Marciel de , Muylaert Renata Lara , Luna Luciano Kleber de Souza , Melo Danilo Machado , Cardoso Ricardo de Souza , Barbosa Natalia da Silva , Pontelli Marjorie Cornejo , Mamani-Zapana Priscila Rosse , Vieira Thallyta Maria , Melo Norma Maria , Jonsson Colleen B. , Goodin Douglas , Salazar-Bravo Jorge , daSilva Luis Lamberti Pinto , Arruda Eurico , Figueiredo Luiz Tadeu Moraes 
Published: June 2018

AbstractBats (Order: Chiroptera) harbor a high diversity of emerging pathogens presumably because their ability to fly and social behavior favor the maintenance, evolution, and dissemination of these pathogens. Until 2012, there was only one report of the presence of Hantavirus in bats. Historically, it was thought that these viruses were harbored primarily by rodent and insectivore small mammals. Recently, new species of hantaviruses have been identified in bats from Africa and Asia continents expanding the potential reservoirs and range of these viruses. To assess the potential of Neotropical bats as hosts for hantaviruses and its transmission dynamics in nature, we tested 53 bats for active hantaviral infection from specimens collected in Southeastern Brazil. Part of the hantaviral S segment was amplified from the frugivorous Carollia perspicillata and the common vampire bat Desmodus rotundus. DNA sequencing showed high similarity with the genome of Araraquara orthohantavirus (ARQV), which belongs to one of the more lethal hantavirus clades (Andesorthohantavirus). ARQV-like infection was detected in the blood, urine, and organs of D. rotundus. Therefore, we describe a systemic infection in Neotropical bats by a human pathogenic Hantavirus. We also propose here a schematic transmission dynamics of hantavirus in the study region. Our results give insights to new, under-appreciated questions that need to be addressed in future studies to clarify hantavirus transmission in nature and avoid hantavirus outbreaks.
Clinical features, fungal load, coinfections, histological skin changes, and itraconazole treatment response of cats with sporotrichosis caused by Sporothrix brasiliensis
Authors: de Souza Elaine Waite , Borba Cintia de Moraes , Pereira Sandro Antonio , Gremião Isabella Dib Ferreira , Langohr Ingeborg Maria , Oliveira Manoel Marques Evangelista , de Oliveira Raquel de Vasconcellos Carvalhaes , da Cunha Camila Rocha , Zancopé-Oliveira Rosely Maria , de Miranda Luisa Helena Monteiro , Menezes Rodrigo Caldas 
Published: June 2018

AbstractZoonotic sporotrichosis caused by the fungus Sporothrix brasiliensis is usually severe in cats. This study investigated the associations between clinical features, fungal load, coinfections, histological skin changes, and response to itraconazole in cats with sporotrichosis caused by S. brasiliensis. Fifty-two cats with skin lesions and a definitive diagnosis of sporotrichosis were treated with itraconazole for a maximum period of 36 weeks. The animals were submitted to clinical examination and two subsequent collections of samples from the same skin lesion for fungal diagnosis and histopathology, as well as serology for feline immunodeficiency (FIV) and leukaemia (FeLV) viruses. Thirty-seven (71%) cats were clinically cured. Nasal mucosa lesions and respiratory signs were associated with treatment failure. Cats coinfected with FIV/FeLV (n = 12) had a lower neutrophil count in the lesion. A high fungal load in skin lesions was linked to young age and treatment failure, as well as to a longer time of wound healing, poorly formed granulomas and fewer neutrophils, macrophages and lymphocytes in these lesions. These results indicate that itraconazole is effective, but nasal mucosal involvement, respiratory signs and high fungal loads in skin lesions are predictors of treatment failure that will assist in the development of better treatment protocols for cats.
Rhizobium tumorigenes sp. nov., a novel plant tumorigenic bacterium isolated from cane gall tumors on thornless blackberry
Authors: Kuzmanović Nemanja , Smalla Kornelia , Gronow Sabine , Puławska Joanna 
Published: June 2018

AbstractFour plant tumorigenic strains 932, 1019, 1078T and 1081 isolated from cane gall tumors on thornless blackberry (Rubus sp.) were characterized. They shared low sequence identity with related Rhizobium spp. based on comparisons of 16S rRNA gene (≤98%) and housekeeping genes atpD, recA and rpoB (<90%). Phylogenetic analysis indicated that the strains studied represent a novel species within the genus Rhizobium, with Rhizobium tubonense CCBAU 85046T as their closest relative. Furthermore, obtained average nucleotide identity (ANI) and in silico DNA–DNA hybridization (DDH) values calculated for whole-genome sequences of strain 1078T and related Rhizobium spp. confirmed the authenticity of the novel species. The ANI-Blast (ANIb), ANI-MUMmer (ANIm) and in silico DDH values between strain 1078T and most closely related R. tubonense CCBAU 85046T were 76.17%, 84.11% and 21.3%, respectively. The novel species can be distinguished from R. tubonense based on phenotypic and chemotaxonomic properties. Here, we demonstrated that four strains studied represent a novel species of the genus Rhizobium, for which the name Rhizobium tumorigenes sp. nov. is proposed (type strain 1078T = DSM 104880T = CFBP 8567T). R. tumorigenes is a new plant tumorigenic species carrying the tumor-inducing (Ti) plasmid.
Mehr als kleine Erwachsene
Authors: Bittner Sebastian 
Published: June 2018

ZusammenfassungFast jede Fortbildung und auch fast jeder Artikel zum Thema Anästhesie bei Kindern oder Säuglingen startet mit den Worten „Kinder sind keine kleinen
Erwachsenen!“. Doch was verbirgt sich dahinter? Was sind anatomische Besonderheiten und was sind die Anforderungen an die psychische Betreuung von Kindern im
Rahmen einer Anästhesie? In welche Altersgruppen lassen sich „Kinder“ klinisch relevant einteilen? Dieser CNE-Schwerpunkt soll eine Zusammenfassung der
wichtigsten und pflegerischen Besonderheiten der kleinen Patienten aufzeigen und geht besonders auf die vorbereitenden Maßnahmen ein.
Ultrasound Nomograms of the Fetal Optic Nerve Sheath Diameter
Authors: Haratz Karina Krajden , Melcer Yaakov , Leibovitz Zvi , Feit Hagit , Lerman-Sagie Tally , Lev Dorit , Ginath Shimon , Gindes Liat , Moron Antonio Fernandes , Malinger Gustavo 
Published: June 2018

Abstract
Objective To construct prenatal age-specific reference intervals for sonographic measurements of the optic nerve sheath diameter (ONSD) during gestation in normal fetuses.
Materials and Methods Prospective cross-sectional study of fetuses assessed in antenatal ultrasound units between 2010 and 2014. The examination was based on a technique for the sonographic assessment of ONSD previously published by our group. The mean values and SDs of the ONSD were modeled as a function of the gestational week by curve estimation analysis based on the highest adjusted R2 coefficient. Repeatability tests were performed to assess intraobserver variability and interobserver agreement.
Results During the study period 364 healthy fetuses were enrolled. The mean values for the ONSD varied from 0.6 mm at 15–16 weeks to 2.8 mm at 37–38 weeks. The ONSD grows in a linear fashion throughout gestation, with a quadratic equation providing an optimal fit to the data (adjusted R2 = 0.957).
Conclusion Sonographic age-specific references for the fetal ONSD are presented. This data may assist in the decision-making process in fetuses with a suspected increase in intracranial pressure, or anomalies affecting the development of optic stalks, such as optic hypoplasia and septo-optic dysplasia.
Normalisierung der Blutungszeit durch Traumatisierung des Gewebes bei Patienten mit der åländischen Blutungskrankheit (v. Willebrand-Jürgens)
Authors: Wegelius Otto 
Published: June 2018

ZusammenfassungBei 12 von 16 untersuchten Patienten auf Aland mit dem v. Willebrand-Jürgensschen Blutungsübel im aktiven Stadium war eine Normalisierung der verlängerten Blutungszeit durch Traumatisierung des Ohrläppchengewebes möglich. Bei 2 Personen erfolgte eine bedeutende Verkürzung der Blutungszeit und in 2 Fällen trat eine Verlängerung derselben ein. Die Resultate werden diskutiert. Die Ursache des Effektes der Traumatisierung auf die Blutungszeit ist noch unklar.
The use of Anticoagulants in Cardiology
Authors: Formijne P 
Published: June 2018

SummaryThe possibilities of myocardial infarction-therapy with anticoagulants is discussed. It is important to consider, that although patients with acute myocardial infarction may be in a relatively good condition at home a transfer to the hospital may evidence fatal complications resulting from the traumatic shock inflicted during transport. The benefit of installing early anticoagulant therapy is decisive, but not at the expense of danger to the patient in getting him to a hospital to start treatment. It is suggested that the patient be left at home until he has partially recovered from the acute effects of the coronary occlusion. When doing necropsies on patients with fresh myocardial infarctions treated with anticoagulants, one frequently finds an infiltration of the infarction with blood and ruptures of the ventricle.
Effects of Plasmin on von Willebrand Factor and Platelets: A Narrative Review
Authors: van der Vorm Lisa , Remijn Jasper , de Laat Bas , Huskens Dana 
Published: June 2018

AbstractPlasmin is the major fibrinolytic protease responsible for dissolving thrombi by cleavage of its primary substrate fibrin. In addition, emerging evidence points to other roles of plasmin: (1) as a back-up for ADAMTS13 in proteolysis of ultra-large von Willebrand factor (VWF) multimers and (2) as an activator of platelets. Although the molecular mechanisms of fibrinolysis are well defined, insights on the effects of plasmin on VWF and platelets are relatively scarce and sometimes conflicting. Hence, this review provides an overview of the literature on the effects of plasmin on VWF multimeric structures, on VWF binding to platelets, and on platelet activation. This information is placed in the context of possible applications of thrombolytic therapy for the condition thrombotic thrombocytopenic purpura.
Rem-Tracker
Authors: Gauger Friedrich , Schroff Gerhart , Stork Wilhelm 
Published: June 2018

Die Behandlung von Albträumen erfolgt bislang meist psychotherapeutisch. Ein in der Praxis bewährtes Verfahren ist die Imagery Rehearsal Therapy (IRT). Untersuchungen zeigen, dass die Effektivität der IRT erhöht werden kann, wenn der Patient die Fähigkeit zum Klarträumen erlangt. Die gängige Technologie zur Klartrauminduktion kann bislang nur in entsprechend qualifizierten Schlaflaboren eingesetzt werden.Der REM-TRACKER bietet erstmals die Möglichkeit der Klartrauminduktion mittels einer einfach handhabbaren Technologie, die auch im häuslichen Umfeld eingesetzt werden kann.
Research use of electronic health records: patients’ perspectives on contact by researchers
Authors: Brelsford Kathleen M , Spratt Susan E , Beskow Laura M 
Published: June 2018

AbstractObjectiveThe use of electronic health records (EHRs) for research has the potential to improve the diagnosis and treatment of disease, yet contact with patients based on results of EHR phenotyping has received little attention. Researchers will almost certainly discover discrepancies in EHRs that call for resolution and, in some cases, raise the ethical dilemma of whether to contact patients about a potentially undiagnosed or untreated health concern. The objective of this study was to explore patients’ attitudes and opinions about potential contact by researchers who have had access to their EHRs.Materials and methodsWe conducted 15 focus groups in four diverse counties in the southeastern United States. We designed vignettes to describe different situations in which researchers conducting a hypothetical study might have reason to consider contact with patients.ResultsMany patients believed it was important for researchers to take action if they discovered information suggesting a current serious health concern. Relaying the information through patients’ physicians was considered the most appropriate course of action. Across vignettes, there were significant differences between urban and rural sites.Discussion and conclusionsResearchers may increasingly encounter situations involving contact with patients following EHR phenotyping. They should carefully consider the possibility of such contact when planning their studies, including the time and expertise needed to adjudicate potentially serious discrepancies. Our focus group results are one source of input for the development of ethical approaches to the research use of EHRs.