bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Kualitas Nutrisi Pakan Konsentrat Fermentasi Berbasis Bahan Limbah Ampas Tahu dan Ampas Kelapa Dengan Komposisi yang Berbeda Serta Tingkat Akseptabilitas Pada Ternak Kambing
Authors: Marhamah S. U. , Akbarillah T. , Hidayat Hidayat 
Published: July 2019

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengevaluasi kualitas pakan konsentrat fermentasi berbasis limbah industri ampas kelapa dan ampas tahu melalui kualitas fisik, kandungan nutrisi dan tingkat penerimaan pada ternak kambing. Penelitian ini dilaksanakan pada bulan Februari-Maret 2017 di CZAL dan bulan April-September di Laboratorium Jurusan Peternakan Fakultas Pertanian Universitas Bengkulu. Rancangan yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini ada dua yaitu Rancangan Acak Lengkap (RAL) untuk uji kualitas kimiawi pakan dan rancangan bujur sangkar latin (RBSL) untuk uji biologi (akseptabilitas) pakan. Penelitian ini terdiri dari 4 perlakuan dan 4 ulangan dengan perlakuan P0 (ampas tahu + jagung + dedak + gula + garam + mineral + starbio), perlakuan P1 dengan pakan berbasis limbah ampas tahu dengan 20% ampas kelapa, P2 pakan berbasis limbah ampas tahu dengan 30% ampas kelapa dan P3 pakan berbasis limbah ampas tahu dengan penggunaan 40% ampas kelapa.Ternak yang digunakan sebanyak 4 ekor kambing Nubian jantan. Variabel yang diamati yaitu kualitas fisik, kualitas kimiawi, konsumsi bahan segar, bahan kering (BK), bahan organik (BO) dan konsumsi protein kasar (PK) pakan konsentrat fermentasi. Kualitas fisik pakan konsentrat setelah terjadi proses fermentasi mengalami perubahan aroma yang lebih asam, tekstur yang berubah menjadi lebih lembut, pH yang menurun dan temperatur pakan yang cenderung meningkat. Dari hasil penelitian kandungan bahan organik pakan konsentrat fermentasi berkisar antara 86,93%-88,76% sedangkan kandungan protein berkisar antara 15,16%-18,00%. Rataan konsumsi bahan kering pada kambing perlakuan P0, P1, P2 dan P3 berturut-turut adalah 553,33 gram, 355,05 gram, 259,04 gram dan 225,64 gram. Pakan konsentrat fermentasi berbasis limbah ampas tahu dan ampas kelapa dengan persentase penggunaan ampas kelapa yang meningkat dapat menurunkan kualitas fisik, cenderung menurunkan kualitas kimiawi (kandungan nutrisi protein kasar) dan menurunkan konsumsi sehingga menurunkan akseptabilitas pakan.Kata kunci : Ampas kelapa, Ampas tahu, Konsumsi BK, BO & PK, kualitas fisik, kualitas kimiawi.
Intubating Conditions with Rocuronium Bromide and Suxamethonium in Elective Surgeries: A Randomized Comparative Study
Authors: Paudyal Kanchan Prakash , Baral Pawan Puspa , Pathak Laxmi 
Published: July 2019

INTRODUCTION: Adequate intubating condition is required to avoid airway trauma and adverse sympathetic responses. Though, Succinylcholine is considered as ideal drug, it has many contraindications. In search of alternative, rocuronium is found to have similar responses in higher doses. Therefore, our aim was to compare the effect of different dosages of rocuronium with sucinylcholine for tracheal intubation and the haemodynamic variables.
MATERIAL AND METHODS: A prospective randomized comparative study was conducted in Universal College of Medical Sciences (UCMS-TH) in 90 (American Society of Anaesthesiologists Physical Status I and II) patients with age between 18 to 60 years scheduled for elective surgeries under general anesthesia. They were divided into 3 groups of 30 each using lottery system. Groups 1 and 2 received intravenous rocuronium 0.6mg/kg and 1mg/kg respectively whereas patients in group 3 received intravenous succinylcholine 1.5mg/kg. Under continuous monitoring, tracheal intubation attempt was done at 60 seconds after the administration of drug and intubating conditions were assessed according to Cooper et al four point scale.
RESULTS: Only 26.7% of patients in group 1 exhibited excellent intubating condition whereas in groups 2 and 3, excellent intubating condition was exhibited in 100% when muscle relaxant was administered at 60 seconds with highly significant statistical difference between groups 1 and 3 with p value <0.001 without any adverse effects in any of these patients.
CONCLUSION: This study concluded that intubating response with inj. succinylcholine 1.5mg/kg is similar to rocuronium 1.0mg/kg and is superior to inj rocuronium 0.6mg/kg, for intubating condition at 60 seconds following the drug administration while using Cooper et al. Score.
Comparison of Central Obesity with Overall Obesity in Predicting the Risk of Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus
Authors: Joshi Bishal , Shrestha Laxmi , Bhattarai Kushal , Manandhar Nilu , Mahotra Narayan Bahadur 
Published: July 2019

INTRODUCTION: Many studies have shown the association of waist circumference, waist hip ratio and body mass index with type 2 diabetes mellitus. Waist circumference and waist hip ratio have been used as measures of central obesity and body mass index has been used as a measure of general obesity. Objective of this study is to find out which type of obesity is better for prediction of risk of type 2 diabetes mellitus.
MATERIAL AND METHODS:Total 100 participants with confirmed diagnosis of type 2 DM with age group 35-80 years were selected for the study. Anthropometric measurements like height, weight, waist circumference (WC) and hip circumference were measured and body mass index (BMI) and waist hip ratio (WHR) were calculated. Area under receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve was used for correlating the parameters with type 2 diabetes mellitus in both male and female patients.
RESULTS: Area under ROC curve, a measure of performance of the indices in predicting diabetes in total subjects, was found to be highest for waist hip ratio (0.840) followed by waist circumference (0.688) and BMI (0.608). Similarly, area under ROC curve was found maximum for waist hip ratio followed by waist circumference and body mass index in case of male and female patients.
CONCLUSION: The present study concludes that anthropometric indicators of central obesity (WHR and WC) are more predictive for type 2 DM than anthropometric indicator of general obesity (BMI).
Job Hopping Tendency in Millenials
Authors: Pandey Dhruba Lal 
Published: July 2019

Job hopping refers to the tendency of a person to work briefly in an organization in particular position rather than staying in an organization for a longer time. This research study is conducted to examine the job hopping tendency in millennial in private sector of Nepal. It also studies the factors which attracts millennial in new organization. The factors which force a person to leave an organization arête seek new opportunities. Generally the considered variables for leaving the job; low pay structure, low potential for growth, and unfair treatment by management and conflict with the immediate supervisor/ Coworkers. The factors considered for choosing the new job; chances of career growth, higher salary, job security, freedom at workplace, reputation of organization and higher position.
Materials and methods: Study populations are the millennial working in private organizations of Kathmandu valley. For this study the convenience sampling method was chosen where the data was collected through the questionnaire. Data were collected using likert scale questionnaire, yes/no questions, multiple choice single response and multiple choice multiple response questions. Percentage and correlation matrix was used to analyse the data,.
Results: The outcome of the research indicates that main reason behind millennial leaving the organization is no growth opportunity and attraction towards new job is career growth. The employees chose the current organization either they are getting higher position or sensize future growth.
A Coherent Method to Fit Cultural Anthropology into the Fertility Study
Authors: Subedi Pushp Kamal 
Published: July 2019

This paper argues for a new analytical framework that draws the most attention to the relationship between demography and sociocultural anthropology, involving micro-level research. It is called ‘a case study approach to studying fertility’, which involves ‘process and product’. The analysis process constitutes a specific way of gathering comprehensive, systematic, and in-depth information about fertility, which leads eventually to a product: a case study fertility data. The incorporation of theories of culture as ‘the evaluative behaviour of social actors’ and ‘social constructionism’ appears to provide an attractive alternative theory of culture for fertility analysis. Special emphasis is placed on the political, economic, feminism, and social constructionism or, more generally, practice approaches to social facts. The present paper begins with good reason to think why we use a case study approach to studying fertility and its theoretical base. We then reconnoitre ‘a theory of culture for demography’ in order to flesh out ‘a coherent method to fit cultural anthropology into the demographic enterprise: a third generation fertility study’. Such interrogation helps clarify problems and advantages in terms of theory, methodology, practicality, useful outcomes and differences.Key words: Demography and sociocultural anthropology; fertilityTribhuvan University Journal Volume XXVI No. 1, 2009 Page: 69-80
Effect of rhenium and cobalt additions on the microstructure and gamma prime phase stability of vacuum arc melted modified nickel-based superalloys grade MGA 1400
Authors: Nararak Arpaporn , Wangyao Panyawat , Rojhirunsakool Tanaporn , Lothongkum Gobboon 
Published: July 2019

Abstract
The effect of rhenium and cobalt additions on the microstructure and gamma prime phase stability of modified nickel-based superalloy, grade MGA1400 by means of a vacuum arc melting method with different contents of rhenium (Re) and cobalt (Co) was investigated. After being subjected to heat treatment, the size of the gamma prime particles was slightly reduced with increasing rhenium content. Then, the alloys were exposed at a temperature of 1173 K for 1800 ks. The results showed that increasing the rhenium addition leads to a slower coarsening rate of the gamma prime particles. Furthermore, the shape of the gamma prime particles changed to a more cubic shape. However, an excessive rhenium content (>1.21 wt.-%) promotes the formation of a topologically close-packed phase after a 360 ks exposure at 1173 K. It can be concluded that an increase in rhenium content can result in a lower coarsening rate of the gamma prime particles. The cobalt addition is beneficial for impeding or slowing the precipitation of topologically close-packed phases at an elevated temperature.
Effect of fillers on vinylester matrix composites
Authors: Topalömer Neslihan , Bekem Aylin , Keleşoğlu Ergün , Unal Ahmet 
Published: July 2019

AbstractThe cost of composite materials limits the use of these materials. For this reason, many studies have been done with composites to reduce costs. In this study, the filler effect on vinylester matrix composites was investigated in order to contribute to cost reduction. Calcium carbonate (CaCO3) and aluminum hydroxide Al(OH)3 were used as filler, and E-glass was used as reinforcement material. In addition, the filler ratio, which was added to the structure, was 5 wt.-%,10 wt.-% and 15 wt.-%. The production method was vacuum infusion, and the manufacturing of the composite plates completed. A tensile test, bending test, hardness test and ash test were performed on the samples. Also, microstructural images were examined by scanning electron microscope. Finally, it was found that 15 wt.-% CaCO3 filler increased hardness considerablely. Tensile properties and flexural strength properties did not change dramatically with the addition of filler. Moreover, the addition of filler decreases the cost of the composite. Thus, when we compare the cost effectiveness of fillers, CaCO3 filler on a vinylester matrix composite is advantageous for decreasing cost.
Association of single and multiple aneurysms with tobacco abuse: an @neurIST risk analysis
Authors: Schatlo Bawarjan , Gautschi Oliver P. , Friedrich Christoph M. , Ebeling Christian , Jägersberg Max , Kulscar Zsolt , Pereira Vitor Mendes , Schaller Karl , Bijlenga Philippe 
Published: July 2019

OBJECTIVEAlthough several studies have suggested that the incidence of intracranial aneurysms (IAs) is higher in smokers, the higher prevalence of subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH) in smokers remains uncertain. It is unclear whether smoking additionally contributes to the formation of multiple aneurysms and the risk of rupture. The aim of this study was to determine whether smoking is associated with IA formation, multiplicity, or rupture.METHODSPatients from the prospective multicenter @neurIST database (n = 1410; 985 females [69.9%]) were reviewed for the presence of SAH, multiple aneurysms, and smoking status. The prevalence of smokers in the population of patients diagnosed with at least one IA was compared with that of smokers in the general population.RESULTSThe proportion of smokers was higher in patients with IAs (56.2%) than in the reference population (51.4%; p < 0.001). A significant association of smoking with the presence of an IA was found throughout group comparisons (p = 0.01). The presence of multiple IAs was also significantly associated with smoking (p = 0.003). A trend was found between duration of smoking and the presence of multiple IAs (p = 0.057). However, the proportion of smokers among patients suffering SAH was similar to that of smokers among patients diagnosed with unruptured IAs (p = 0.48).CONCLUSIONSSmoking is strongly associated with IA formation. Once an IA is present, however, smoking does not appear to increase the risk of rupture compared with IAs in the nonsmoking population. The trend toward an association between duration of smoking and the presence of multiple IAs stresses the need for counseling patients with IAs regarding lifestyle modification.
Role of pregnancy and female sex steroids on aneurysm formation, growth, and rupture: a systematic review of the literature
Authors: Desai Milli , Wali Arvin R. , Birk Harjus S. , Santiago-Dieppa David R. , Khalessi Alexander A. 
Published: July 2019

OBJECTIVEWomen have been shown to have a higher risk of cerebral aneurysm formation, growth, and rupture than men. The authors present a review of the recently published neurosurgical literature that studies the role of pregnancy and female sex steroids, to provide a conceptual framework with which to understand the various risk factors associated with cerebral aneurysms in women at different stages in their lives.METHODSThe PubMed database was searched for “(“intracranial” OR “cerebral”) AND “aneurysm” AND (“pregnancy” OR “estrogen” OR “progesterone”)” between January 1980 and February 2019. A total of 392 articles were initially identified, and after applying inclusion and exclusion criteria, 20 papers were selected for review and analysis. These papers were then divided into two categories: 1) epidemiological studies about the formation, growth, rupture, and management of cerebral aneurysms in pregnancy; and 2) investigations on female sex steroids and cerebral aneurysms (animal studies and epidemiological studies).RESULTSThe 20 articles presented in this study include 7 epidemiological articles on pregnancy and cerebral aneurysms, 3 articles reporting case series of cerebral aneurysms treated by endovascular therapies in pregnancy, 3 epidemiological articles reporting the relationship between female sex steroids and cerebral aneurysms through retrospective case-control studies, and 7 experimental studies using animal and/or cell models to understand the relationship between female sex steroids and cerebral aneurysms. The studies in this review report similar risk of aneurysm rupture in pregnant women compared to the general population. Most ruptured aneurysms in pregnancy occur during the 3rd trimester, and most pregnant women who present with cerebral aneurysm have caesarean section deliveries. Endovascular treatment of cerebral aneurysms in pregnancy is shown to provide a new and safe form of therapy for these cases. Epidemiological studies of postmenopausal women show that estrogen hormone therapy and later age at menopause are associated with a lower risk of cerebral aneurysm than in matched controls. Experimental studies in animal models corroborate this epidemiological finding; estrogen deficiency causes endothelial dysfunction and inflammation, which may predispose to the formation and rupture of cerebral aneurysms, while exogenous estrogen treatment in this population may lower this risk.CONCLUSIONSThe aim of this work is to equip the neurosurgical and obstetrical/gynecological readership with the tools to better understand, critique, and apply findings from research on sex differences in cerebral aneurysms.
Vessel wall enhancement of intracranial aneurysms: fact or artifact?
Authors: Cornelissen Bart M. W. , Leemans Eva L. , Slump Cornelis H. , Marquering Henk A. , Majoie Charles B. L. M. , van den Berg René 
Published: July 2019

OBJECTIVEFor patients with subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH) and multiple intracranial aneurysms, it is often challenging to identify the ruptured aneurysm. Some investigators have asserted that vessel wall imaging (VWI) can be used to identify the ruptured aneurysm since wall enhancement after contrast agent injection is presumably related to inflammation in unstable and ruptured aneurysms. The aim of this study was to determine whether additional factors contribute to aneurysm wall enhancement by assessing imaging data in a series of patients.METHODSPatients with symptoms of SAH who subsequently underwent VWI in the period between January 2017 and September 2018 were eligible for study inclusion. Three-dimensional turbo spin-echo sequences with motion-sensitized driven-equilibrium preparation pulses were acquired using a 3-T MRI scanner to visualize the aneurysm wall. Identification of the ruptured aneurysm was based on aneurysm characteristics and hemorrhage distributions on MRI. Complementary imaging data (CT, DSA, MRI) were used to assess potential underlying enhancement mechanisms. Additionally, aneurysm luminal diameter measurements on MRA were compared with those on contrast-enhanced VWI to assess the intraluminal contribution to aneurysm enhancement.RESULTSSix patients with 14 aneurysms were included in this series. The mean aneurysm size was 5.8 mm (range 1.1–16.9 mm). A total of 10 aneurysms showed enhancement on VWI; 5 ruptured aneurysms showed enhancement, and 1 unruptured but symptomatic aneurysm showed enhancement on VWI and ruptured 1 day later. Four unruptured aneurysms showed enhancement. In 6 (60%) of the 10 enhanced aneurysms, intraluminal diameters appeared notably smaller (≥ 0.8 mm smaller) on contrast-enhanced VWI compared to their appearance on multiple overlapping thin slab acquisition time of flight (MOTSA-TOF) MRA and/or precontrast VWI, suggesting that enhancement was at least partially in the aneurysm lumen itself.CONCLUSIONSSeveral factors other than the hypothesized inflammatory response contribute to aneurysm wall enhancement. In 60% of the cases in this study, enhancement was at least partially caused by slow intraaneurysmal flow, leading to pseudo-enhancement of the aneurysm wall. Notwithstanding, there seems to be clinical value in differentiating ruptured from unruptured aneurysms using VWI, but the hypothesis that we image the inflammatory cell infiltration in the aneurysm wall is not yet confirmed.
Clinical relevance of short-term follow-up of unruptured intracranial aneurysms
Authors: Molenberg Rob , Aalbers Marlien W. , Metzemaekers Jan D. M. , Mazuri Aryan , Luijckx Gert-Jan , Groen Rob J. M. , Uyttenboogaart Maarten , van Dijk J. Marc C. 
Published: July 2019

OBJECTIVEUnruptured intracranial aneurysms are common incidental findings on brain imaging. Short-term follow-up for conservatively treated aneurysms is routinely performed in most cerebrovascular centers, although its clinical relevance remains unclear. In this study, the authors assessed the extent of growth as well as the rupture risk during short-term follow-up of conservatively treated unruptured intracranial aneurysms. In addition, the influence of patient-specific and aneurysm-specific factors on growth and rupture risk was investigated.METHODSThe authors queried their prospective institutional neurovascular registry to identify patients with unruptured intracranial aneurysms and short-term follow-up imaging, defined as follow-up MRA and/or CTA within 3 months to 2 years after initial diagnosis. Medical records and questionnaires were used to acquire baseline information. The authors measured aneurysm size at baseline and at follow-up to detect growth. Rupture was defined as a CT scan–proven and/or CSF-proven subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH).RESULTSA total of 206 consecutive patients with 267 conservatively managed unruptured aneurysms underwent short-term follow-up at the authors’ center. Seven aneurysms (2.6%) enlarged during a median follow-up duration of 1 year (range 0.3–2.0 years). One aneurysm (0.4%) ruptured 10 months after initial discovery. Statistically significant risk factors for growth or rupture were autosomal-dominant polycystic kidney disease (RR 8.3, 95% CI 2.0–34.7), aspect ratio > 1.6 or size ratio > 3 (RR 10.8, 95% CI 2.2–52.2), and initial size ≥ 7 mm (RR 10.7, 95% CI 2.7–42.8).CONCLUSIONSSignificant growth of unruptured intracranial aneurysms may occur in a small proportion of patients during short-term follow-up. As aneurysm growth is associated with an increased risk of rupture, the authors advocate that short-term follow-up is clinically relevant and has an important role in reducing the risk of a potential SAH.