bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Evaluation of Crofton, Horne, Miller Scoring as Diagnostic Tool for Tuberculosis in Children
Authors: Giri Arun , Sah Vijay Kumar , Yadav Sunil Kumar , Niraula Niraj 
Published: July 2019

Background: Tuberculosis which is caused by Mycobacterium tuberculosis a chronic infectious disease is considered the second most common infectious cause of mortality and morbidity in children around the world. This study was carried out to test the validity of Crofton, Horne and Miller scoring system for the diagnosis of children suffering from tuberculosis.
Materials and Methods: It was done in an inpatient ward of a pediatric tertiary referral centre, from Feb 2018 to Jan 2019as a prospective case control study, including 92 children aged 2 years to 12 years admitted with clinical differential diagnosis of tuberculosis. Among them 46 children meeting the case definition were taken as cases and 46 were age, sex and disease presentation matched controls.
Results: Sensitivity of the score was low (50%) but the specificity was high (95%) with 92% positive predictive value and a negative predictive value of 65.67%. Contact with an adult suffering from tuberculosis, positive Mantoux test (>10mm in duration) were found to be the most important indicators of TB in children. Males were found to be affected twice as much as the females.
Conclusion: From the findings of the study, it can be concluded that the Crofton, Horne, Miller score chart is a simple and cost-effective tool, which can be applied to improve the diagnosis of TB in children due to financial constraints faced by patients in resource limited countries like Nepal.
Gestaltungsmodell zur Steigerung der Wirtschaftlichkeit von Bau-kästen mechatronischer Produkte
Authors: Schuh Günther , Dölle Christian , Breunig Stefan , Becker Annika 
Published: July 2019

Kurzfassung
Produkte, die zukünftig die Wettbewerbsfähigkeit eines produzierenden Unternehmens sicherstellen sollen, müssen intelligent und vernetzt sein. Mechatronische Systeme bilden durch die Ergänzung mechanischer Komponenten durch Elektrik, Elektronik und Software die Basis dieser Produkte und gewinnen daher zunehmend an Bedeutung. Die steigende Vielfalt individueller Kundenanforderungen sowie eine zunehmende Technologiedynamik im Bereich mechatronischer Produkte stellen produzierende Unternehmen häufig vor große Herausforderungen. Diese Herausforderungen adressierend, wird im folgenden Beitrag ein Gestaltungsmodell vorgestellt, welches die Wirtschaftlichkeit von Produktbaukästen für mechatronische Systeme steigert. Dabei wird, ausgehend von der Funktionsstruktur eines geplanten Produkts, die Entwicklung einer für ein mechatronisches Baukastensystem geeigneten Produktarchitektur ermöglicht.
Künstliche Intelligenz zum Schutz sicherheitskritischer Energie-Infrastrukturen
Authors: Klein Max , Thiele Gregor , Krüger Jörg 
Published: July 2019

Kurzfassung
Die dezentrale Energieerzeugung im Kontext der Dekarbonisierung bringt eine Änderung der kritischen Infrastruktur mit sich. Die Prozesssteuerung von lokalen Einheiten erfolgt nicht mehr nur über separate Leitungen, sondern vermehrt über das Internet. Dies birgt neue Anforderungen an die Sicherheit. Am Fraunhofer IPK entsteht ein neuartiges Verfahren, das klassische Methoden der Netzwerksicherheit mit automatischer Auswertung der Prozessdaten kombiniert. Hierbei wird domänenspezifisches Wissen genutzt, um vom Normalzustand abweichendes Verhalten frühzeitig zu erkennen. Mittels des maschinellen Lernens (ML) können dabei komplexe Zusammenhänge effizient analysiert werden.
Wissensmanagementmodelle für die Industrie 4.0
Authors: Tinz Janik , Tinz Patrick , Zander Stefan 
Published: July 2019

Kurzfassung
Der Beitrag untersucht aktuelle Wissensmanagementmodelle hinsichtlich ihrer Eignung für Industrie-4.0-Unternehmen. In Form einer vergleichenden Studie werden verschiedene Lösungswege zur Wissensverarbeitung diskutiert sowie Anforderungen an ein Industrie 4.0 befähigtes Wissensmanagement vorgestellt. Ein zentrales Ergebnis dieser Arbeit ist, dass neben der Generierung, Erhaltung, Bewertung und Aktualisierung von Wissen auch Aspekte der Mensch-Maschine-/Maschine-Maschine-Interaktion und der Datenschutz Berücksichtigung finden müssen.
Die Zukunft der Arbeit mit Künstlicher Intelligenz gestalten
Authors: Frost Martina , Jeske Tim , Terstegen Sebastian 
Published: July 2019

Kurzfassung
Digitale Technologien und selbstlernende Software (inkl. Künstliche Intelligenz, KI) verändern die Art und Weise, wie wir in Zukunft arbeiten werden. Dies stellt viele Betriebe vor die Herausforderung, neuartige Lösungen und Maßnahmen für eine produktive, sichere und gesundheitsgerechte Arbeitsgestaltung mit KI zu generieren und umzusetzen. In diesem Beitrag werden erste Beispiele sowie zwei konkrete Instrumente zur Nutzung von KI für eine produktive und präventive Arbeitsgestaltung vorgestellt.
HUMIC SUBSTANCES AND PHOSPHOROUS SOURCES IN MAIZE CROPS
Authors: Lôbo Lucas Morais , Ferreira Eva de Melo , Muniz Camilla Oliveira , Ferreira Carlos Alberto da Silva , Fernandes Brasil Eliana Paula 
Published: July 2019

SUBSTÂNCIAS HÚMICAS E FONTES DE FÓSFORO NA CULTURA DO MILHO O objetivo do estudo é verificar o efeito da adição de doses de um produto comercial a base de substâncias húmicas (SH), na produção de massa seca de plantas de milho, no acúmulo de P nas plantas e a eficiência agronômica de fontes de fósforo em dois tipos de solos com diferentes capacidades de adsorção. O trabalho foi conduzido em casa de vegetação. Os tratamentos compreendem quatro doses de substâncias húmicas (0, 100, 200 e 400 kg ha-1) e duas fontes de fósforo (superfosfato triplo – SFT e fosfato natural reativo – FNR), em dois tipos de solos (Latossolo Vermelho – LV e Neossolo Quartzarênico – NQ). As fontes de P foram fornecidas em dose constante de 75 mg.dm-3 de P. Houve resposta estatisticamente significativa (P<0,05) da produção de massa seca da parte aérea (MSPA), massa seca das raízes (MSR), P acumulado na parte aérea e P acumulado nas raízes à adição de SH. No LV os parâmetros MSPA, MSR, P acumulado na parte aérea, P acumulado nas raízes e a Eficiência agronômica relativa das fontes de P aumentaram com a adição crescente de SH, obtendo os melhores resultados com uso da maior dose (400 kg ha-1). No NQ as melhores respostas foram obtidas com a adição de 100 kg ha-1 da SH. Estes resultados indicam que a utilização de substâncias húmicas é eficiente para o aumento da produção de massa seca das plantas de milho e no teor de P acumulado.Palavras-chave: P acumulado, eficiência agronômica relativa, adsorção de fósforo. ABSTRACT: The objective of this study was to verify the effect of the application of different rates of a commercial product based on humic substances (HS) on the dry matter contents, and P accumulation in maize plants and the agronomic efficiency of phosphorus sources in two soils with different adsorption capacities. The experiment was conducted in a greenhouse. The treatments consisted of four rates of humic substances (0, 100, 200, and 400 kg ha-1) and two phosphorus sources (triple superphosphate – TSP; and reactive natural phosphate – RNP) in two types of soils (Rhodic Hapludox – RH; and Typic Quartzipsamment – TQ). The response of the shoot dry weight (SDW), root dry weight (RDW), shoot accumulated P, and root accumulated P to the application of HS was statistically significant (P <0.05). In the RH, the SDW, RDW, shoot and root accumulated P, and relative agronomic efficiency of the P sources increased with increasing HS rates; thus, the best results were found with the use of the highest rate (400 kg ha-1). In the TQ, the best responses were found with the application of 100 kg ha-1 of HS. These results indicate that the use of humic substances is efficient to increase dry matter and accumulated P contents in maize plants.Keywords: accumulated P, relative agronomic efficiency, P adsorption.
DISTRIBUIÇÃO ESPACIAL DA BROCA-DO-ESTIPE-DO-COQUEIRO
Authors: Silva Emanuel Júnior Pereira da , Souza Ademária Aparecida de , Oliveira Anderson Castro Soares de , Neves Jhonatan David Santos das , Santos Neto Antônio Lucrécio dos , Negrisoli Junior Aldomario Santo , Souza Aline das Graças 
Published: July 2019

O objetivo desta pesquisa foi estudar a distribuição espacial de Rhinostomus barbirostris (Coleoptera: Curculionidae) (Fabricius, 1775) em coqueiro (Cocos nucifera L.). Foram realizadas 10 amostragens quinzenalmente do número de machos, fêmeas e total (macho + fêmea), de R. barbirostris em armadilhas demarcada com uma tela de náilon envoltas as palmeiras com sintoma característico do ataque dessa praga, totalizando 24 armadilhas. Para o estudo da distribuição espacial de R. barbirostris, foram calculados os índices de dispersão: razão variância/média (I), índice de Morisita (), coeficiente de Green (Cx), expoente k da distribuição binomial negativa (k), índice de grupo por tamanho (IGT), Índice de frequência de agrupamento (IFA) e Índice de Patchiness (IP) para cada amostragem. Foi testado o ajuste dos dados as distribuições Poisson e binomial negativa. Os resultados obtidos nos índices de agregação calculados indicam que a maioria das amostragens apresentou distribuição agregada de R. barbirostris, para todas as variáveis estudadas. A distribuição binomial negativa foi o modelo mais adequado para representar a distribuição de frequência da coleobroca no coqueiro, já que a variância foi superior à média na maioria das amostragens.Palavras-chave: Rhinostomus barbirostris; cocoicultura; índices de dispersão. SPATIAL DISTRIBUTION OF COCONUT BORER ABSTRACT: The objective of this research was to study the spatial distribution of Rhinostomus barbirostris (Coleoptera: Curculionidae) (Fabricius, 1775) in coconut (Cocos nucifera L.). They were made ten samples every two weeks,of males, females and the total (Male + female), R. barbirostris in marked traps with a nylon screen surrounded with palm trees characteristic symptom of the attack of this pest, totaling 24 traps. To study the spatial distribution of R. barbirostris, dispersion indexes were calculated: variance / mean ratio, Morisita index , Green coefficient (Cx), k exponent of negative binomial distribution, index of de Cluster Size (ICS), index of de Cluster Frequency (ICF) e index of de Patchiness (IP) for each sample. It tested the data fitting the Poisson distribution and binomial negative. The results calculated in aggregation indexes indicate that Most samplings presented aggregated distribution of R. barbirostris for all the variables studied. The negative binomial distribution was the best model to represent the frequency distribution of the coconut borer, since the variance was higher than the average for the majority of the samples.Keywords: Rhinostomus barbirostris; coconut farmin; dispersion indexes.
DESEMPENHO DE GUANDU ASSOCIADO À SUBSOLAGEM QUANTO À PRODUÇÃO DE FITOMASSA E DESCOMPACTAÇÃO DE SOLO
Authors: Câmara Tassiano Maxwell Marinho , Godoy Rodolfo 
Published: July 2019

O trabalho teve por objetivo avaliar a produção de fitomassa aérea e de raízes de genótipos de guandu cultivados com e sem subsolagem e o efeito dessas práticas na descompactação de um latossolo amarelo distrocoeso típico de Tabuleiro Costeiro em Alagoas. O experimento foi instalado no delineamento em blocos ao acaso em esquema de parcelas subdivididas com três repetições. As parcelas foram constituídas pelo tipo de preparo de solo (com ou sem subsolagem), as subparcelas compostas de diferentes cultivares de guandu (Fava Larga, BRS Mandarim e linhagens g5-94 e g8-95) e pousio, e as subsubparcelas por diferentes profundidades do perfil de solo (0-20, 20-40, 40-60, 60-80 e 80-100 cm). Os resultados constataram que as raízes das plantas de cobertura concentraram-se nos primeiros 20 cm de solo. A subsolagem não influenciou a produção de biomassa aérea, mas a produção de raízes foi, em média, menor com a subsolagem. Decorridos oito meses do plantio não foram observados efeitos significativos da subsolagem e do cultivo do guandu, isolados ou em associação, quanto à resistência do solo à penetração. Dentre os genótipos avaliados, BRS Mandarim e Fava Larga apresentam maior potencial para uso como planta de cobertura nas condições locais.Palavras-chave: adubação verde; compactação do solo; leguminosas; penetrômetro de impacto. PIGEON PEA’S PERFORMANCE ASSOCIATED TO SUBSOILING FOR PHYTOMASS PRODUCTION AND SOIL DECOMPRESSION ABSTRACT: The aim of this work was to evaluate the aereal and roots phytomass production of pigeon pea genotypes of farmed with and without subsoiling and the effect of these practices on the decompression of a yellow dystrophic latosol typical of the Coastal Tableland in Alagoas. The experiment was set up in a randomized complete block design in a split plots scheme with three replications. The plots was constituted by the type of preparation soil (with and without subsoiling), the subplots was composed by different pigeon pea cultivars (Fava Larga, BRS Mandarim and lineages g5-94 and g8-95) and fallow, and sub-subplots by soil profile depths (0-20, 20-40, 40-60, 60-80 and 80-100 cm). The results showed that the roots of the cover plants were concentrated in the first 20 cm of soil. Subsoiling did not influence aerial biomass production, but root production was, on average, smaller with subsoiling. After eight months of planting, no significant effects on soil resistance to penetration were observed with subsoiling and pigeon cultivation, isolated or in association. Among the evaluated genotypes, BRS Mandarim and Fava Larga present better potential for use as a cover crop under local conditions.Keywords: green manure; soil compaction; leguminous plant; impact penetrometer.
PRODUTIVIDADE DE DIFERENTES GENÓTIPOS DE AMENDOIM SUBMETIDOS A DIFERENTES FORMAS DE ADUBAÇÃO
Authors: Souza Francisca Evelice Cardoso de , Sousa Geocleber Gomes de , Souza Maria Vanessa Pires de , Freire Márcio Henrique da Costa , Luz Lucas Nunes da , Silva Fred Denilson Barbosa da 
Published: July 2019

O amendoim possui grande importância para os pequenos agricultores do Nordeste brasileiro, contudo apresenta baixa produção nesta região. Neste sentido, técnicas que aumentem a produção dessa cultura são importantes. Objetivou-se nesse trabalho avaliar a ação de diferentes formas de adubação sob os componentes de produção de quatro genótipos de amendoim. O experimento foi conduzido na Universidade da Integração Internacional da Lusofonia Afro-Brasileira (UNILAB), Redenção, Ceará. O delineamento usado foi inteiramente casualizado, com esquema fatorial 6 x 4, com 4 repetições, sendo 6 formas de adubação: T1 = adubação mineral com NPK (100% da dose recomendada); T2 = adubação com biofertilizante bovino (100%); T3 = adubação com cinza vegetal (100%); T4 = adubo mineral (50%) + biofertilizante bovino (50%); T5 = adubo mineral (50%) + cinza vegetal (50%); T6 = controle (sem adubação); e 4 genótipos de amendoim: C1 = cultivar BR-1; C2 = acesso 33; C3 = acesso 69; C4 = acesso 43. Aos 82 dias após a semeadura foi realizada a colheita e avaliado: número de ginóforos, de vagens normais, comprimento e diâmetro das vagens, massa da vagem e produtividade. Os genótipos estudados responderam diferencialmente quanto as formas de adubação em que foram submetidos.Palavras-chave: Arachis hypogaea L.; nutrição mineral; produção. PRODUCTIVITY OF DIFFERENT PEANUT GENOTYPES SUBMITTED TO DIFFERENT FORMS OF FERTILIZATION ABSTRACT: Peanut is of great importance to small farmers in the Brazilian Northeast, but has low production in this region. In this sense, techniques that increase the production of this culture are important. The objective of this work was to evaluate the action of different forms of fertilization under the production components of four peanut genotypes. The experiment was conducted at the University of International Integration of Afro-Brazilian Lusophony (UNILAB), Redenção, Ceará. The design was completely randomized, with a 6 x 4 factorial scheme, with 4 replicates, with 6 fertilization forms: T1 = mineral fertilization with NPK (100% of the recommended dose); T2 = fertilizer with bovine biofertilizer (100%); T3 = fertilization with vegetal ash (100%); T4 = mineral fertilizer (50%) + bovine biofertilizer (50%); T5 = mineral fertilizer (50%) + vegetable ash (50%); T6 = control (without fertilization); and 4 peanut genotypes: C1 = cultivar BR-1; C2 = access 33; C3 = access 69; C4 = access 43. At 82 days after sowing, the sample was harvested and evaluated: number of gypsophors, normal pods, pod length and diameter, pod mass and yield. The genotypes studied differed according to the fertilization methods in which they were submitted.Keywords: Arachis hypogaea L.; mineral nutrition; production.
Pemanfaatan Tanaman Obat Keluarga (TOGA) Pada Masyarakat
Authors: Siska Mayang Sari  , Ennimay  , Tengku Abdur Rasyid 
Published: July 2019

Upaya Kesehatan Bersumberdaya Manusia merupakan wujud nyata peran serta masyarakat dalam pembangunan kesehatan sebagai pemicu kegiatan pemberdayaan masyarakat, salah satunya adalah TOGA (Tanaman Obat Keluarga). TOGA merupakan beberapa jenis tanaman obat pilihan yang dapat ditanam di pekarangan rumah. Keberadaan TOGA di lingkungan rumah sangat penting, terutama bagi keluarga yang tidak memiliki akses untuk pelayanan kesehatan. Nama kegiatan pengabdian masyarakat ini adalah Pemberdayaan Masyarakat ”Pemanfaatan TOGA pada masyarakat di RW 06 Kelurahan Tangkerang Labuai Kecamatan Bukit Raya Pekanbaru”. Tujuan dari kegiatan ini adalah untuk meningkatkan pemahaman dan kemampuan kader posyandu beserta masyarakat mengenai pemanfaatan TOGA. Pengabdian masyarakat ini melibatkan 16 orang tokoh masyarakat dan warga. Instrumen yang digunakan lembar pre-test dan post test serta lembar checklist. Kemudian dianalisis menggunakan distribusi frekuensi untuk data demografi dan grafik untuk nilai pre-test dan post-test. Tim memberikan 5 (lima) macam TOGA serta modul penggunaan TOGA. Hasil pengabdian masyarakat menunjukkan nilai pre-test rata-rata peserta adalah 71,56 dan meningkat pada post-test sebesar 84,69 yang menunjukkan ketercapainnya pelaksanaan KIE (komunikasi, informasi dan edukasi) dan sosialisasi dengan indikator nilai post test minimal sebesar 75. Berarti terdapat peningkatan pengetahuan masyarakat tentang TOGA dan pemanfaatannya. Puskesmas diharapkan dapat menyelenggarakan workshop dan pembinaan tentang TOGA serta pemanfaatannya kepada masyarakat terutama para kader.
Prospek Pemanfaatan Limbah Batang Pisang Dalam Mendukung Ekonomi Kreatif Masyarakat Ramah Lingkungan
Authors: SYARIFUDDIN HUTWAN , Hamzah Hamzah 
Published: July 2019

Abstract
Dedication has been carried out in the Farmers Group (Canggam Craftfirra) and Karya Maju Farmers Group on Pematang Rahim Village, Mendahara Ulu District, East Tanjung Jabung Regency. Implementation of service for 8 months from May to November 2018. Objectives for empowering group members in supporting the banana cultivation program and processing banana stem waste as an environmentally friendly paper raw material. The results of dedication activities show that high public interest in utilizing the technology of processing banana stem waste as a raw material for paper to make household handicrafts (home industry) is caused so far Banana stem waste is only wasted and has not been processed into paper pulp. The use of banana stem waste has the advantage of being easily available, easy to do and the price is relatively cheap, so that its use will provide benefits for farmer groups and craftsmen. The prospect of using banana stem waste can be applied to support the creative economy.
Keywords: waste banana stems, paper pulp, handicrafts
Astaxanthin sources: Suitability for human health and nutrition
Authors: Capelli Bob , Talbott Shawn , Ding Lixin 
Published: July 2019

Background: Astaxanthin (AX) has been consumed as a nutritional supplement for approximately twenty years. The primary source has been a natural plant-based supplement from the single-cell alga Haematococcus pluvialis (NAT-AX). Recently, Astaxanthin from other sources has entered the marketplace. The primary alternative source in the human nutritional supplement market has been a synthetic form of Astaxanthin produced from petrochemicals (SYN-AX). Additionally, a very small amount of Astaxanthin from a genetically-manipulated yeast Xanthophyllomyces dendrorhous (former nomenclature Phaffia rhodozyma, still commonly referred to as “Phaffia”) (PH-AX) is also available in some supplement products. The three forms have substantial chemical differences. In addition to the chemical differences between sources of AX, in-vitro research has demonstrated profound differences in antioxidant strength and animal research has revealed fundamental differences in health benefits. In all cases, NAT-AX has proven more biologically active than the other sources. This review is designed to assist readers in understanding which form(s) of AX are suitable for consumers desiring preventive or therapeutic health benefits. Results: In head-to-head antioxidant experiments, NAT-AX demonstrated 14X to 90X greater antioxidant activity than SYN-AX. In numerous animal trials in diverse species, NAT-AX in esterified form has demonstrated superior efficacy in increasing lifespan; treating skin cancer; preventing the formation of gastric ulcers; improving resistance to stress; decreasing reactive oxygen species (ROS); increasing retinol conversion in the liver; augmenting enzyme levels; increasing growth rates; and improving exercise endurance.From a safety perspective, NAT-AX has been the subject of human clinical trials demonstrating safety and a wide variety of health benefits. In addition, no documented adverse events have surfaced during its twenty years of distribution as a food supplement for humans. SYN-AX and PH-AX have not been proven safe for direct human consumption and have not demonstrated any health benefits in clinical trials. Due to these facts, SYN-AX and PH-AX have not been allowed for human consumption by government regulators in many countries while NAT-AX is widely accepted in most countries around the world. Conclusion: Based on our review of the literature below, we recommend NAT-AX as the sole form of AX for human consumption until SYN-AX and PH-AX have been proven safe and efficacious through human clinical research.
EFEKTIVITAS PEMBERIAN REBUSAN DAUN PANDAN WANGI (Pandanus amaryllifolius Roxb.) TERHADAP PENURUNAN KADAR GLUKOSA DARAH MENCIT (Mus musculus)
Authors: Nur Amran , Fajar Desi Reski , Musdalifah Musdalifah 
Published: July 2019

ABSTRAK Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui efektivitas penurunan kadar glukosa darah dari rebusan daun pandan wangi (Pandanus amaryllifolius Roxb.) pada mencit yang telah di induksi glukosa 20% b/v. Penelitian ini dibagi menjadi 5 kelompok perlakuan, kelompok I kontrol negatif dengan pemberian Na-CMC 0,5% b/v, kelompok II pemberian glibenklamid 0,002% b/v sebagai kontrol positif, kelompok III pemberian rebusan daun pandan wangi dengan konsentrasi 5% b/v, kelompok IV pemberian rebusan daun pandan wangi dengan konsentrasi 10% b/v, dan kelompok V pemberian rebusan daun pandan wangi dengan konsentrasi 20% b/v.Berdasarkan hasil penelitian dan analisis data secara statistik, maka dapat disimpulkan bahwa rebusan daun pandan wangi yang digunakan dengan konsentrasi 5% b/v, 10% b/v, dan 20% b/v dapat menurunkan kadar glukosa darah pada mencit tetapi penurunannya tidak signifikan karena hasil penurunan rebusan daun pandan wangi yang digunakan dengan konsentrasi tersebut tidak jauh berbeda dengan penurunan Na-CMC sebagai kontrol negatif. Kata kunci : Daun pandan wangi (Pandanus amaryllifolius Roxb.), rebusan, glukosa darah, dan mencit (Mus musculus).