bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Simultaneous Electrochemical Deposition of Cobalt Complex and Poly(pyrrole) Thin Films for Supercapacitor Electrodes
Authors: Parnell Charlette M. , Chhetri Bijay P. , Mitchell Travis B. , Watanabe Fumiya , Kannarpady Ganesh , RanguMagar Ambar B. , Zhou Huajun , Alghazali Karrer M. , Biris Alexandru S. , Ghosh Anindya 
Published: April 2019

AbstractSupercapacitors are beneficial as energy storage devices and can obtain high capacitance values greater than conventional capacitors and high power densities compared to batteries. However, in order to improve upon the overall cost, energy density, and charge-discharge rates, the electrode material of supercapacitors needs to be fine-tuned with an inexpensive, high conducting source. We prepared a Co(III) complex and polypyrrole (PPy) composite thin films (CoN4-PPy) that was electrochemically deposited on the surface of a glassy carbon working electrode. Cyclic voltammetry studies indicate the superior performance of CoN4-PPy in charge storage in acidic electrolyte compared to alkaline and organic solutions. The CoN4-PPy material generated the highest amount of specific capacitance (up to 721.9 F/g) followed by Co salt and PPy (Co-PPy) material and PPy alone. Cyclic performance studies showed the excellent electrochemical stability of the CoN4-PPy film in the acidic medium. Simply electrochemically depositing an inexpensive Co(III) complex with a high electrically conducting polymer of PPy delivered a superior electrode material for supercapacitor applications. Therefore, the results indicate that novel thin films derived from Co(III) metal complex and PPy can store a large amount of energy and maintain high stability over many cycles, revealing its excellent potential in supercapacitor devices.
The evolution and phylodynamics of serotype A and SAT2 foot-and-mouth disease viruses in endemic regions of Africa
Authors: Lycett S. , Tanya V. N. , Hall M. , King D. P. , Mazeri S. , Mioulet V. , Knowles N. J. , Wadsworth J. , Bachanek-Bankowska K. , Ngu Ngwa Victor , Morgan K. L. , Bronsvoort B. M. de C. 
Published: April 2019

AbstractFoot-and-mouth disease (FMD) is a major livestock disease with direct clinical impacts as well as indirect trade implications. Control through vaccination and stamping-out has successfully reduced or eradicated the disease from Europe and large parts of South America. However, sub-Saharan Africa remains endemically affected with 5/7 serotypes currently known to be circulating across the continent. This has significant implications both locally for livestock production and poverty reduction but also globally as it represents a major reservoir of viruses, which could spark new epidemics in disease free countries or vaccination zones. This paper describes the phylodynamics of serotypes A and SAT2 in Africa including recent isolates from Cameroon in Central Africa. We estimated the most recent common ancestor for serotype A was an East African virus from the 1930s (median 1937; HPD 1922–1950) compared to SAT2 which has a much older common ancestor from the early 1700s (median 1709; HPD 1502–1814). Detailed analysis of the different clades shows clearly that different clades are evolving and diffusing across the landscape at different rates with both serotypes having a particularly recent clade that is evolving and spreading more rapidly than other clades within their serotype. However, the lack of detailed sequence data available for Africa seriously limits our understanding of FMD epidemiology across the continent. A comprehensive view of the evolutionary history and dynamics of FMD viruses is essential to understand many basic epidemiological aspects of FMD in Africa such as the scale of persistence and the role of wildlife and thus the opportunities and scale at which vaccination and other controls could be applied. Finally we ask endemic countries to join the OIE/FAO supported regional networks and take advantage of new cheap technologies being rolled out to collect isolates and submit them to the World Reference Laboratory.
The effect of locally delivered cisplatin is dependent on an intact immune function in an experimental glioma model
Authors: Enríquez Pérez Julio , Fritzell Sara , Kopecky Jan , Visse Edward , Darabi Anna , Siesjö Peter 
Published: April 2019

AbstractSeveral chemotherapeutic drugs are now considered to exert anti-tumour effects, by inducing an immune-promoting inflammatory response. Cisplatin is a potent chemotherapeutic agent used in standard medulloblastoma but not glioblastoma protocols. There is no clear explanation for the differences in clinical efficacy of cisplatin between medulloblastomas and glioblastomas, despite the fact that cisplatin is effective in vitro against the latter. Systemic toxicity is often dose limiting but could tentatively be reduced by intratumoral administration. We found that intratumoral cisplatin can cure GL261 glioma-bearing C57BL/6 mice and this effect was abolished in GL261-bearing NOD-scid IL2rγnull (NSG) mice. Contrary to previous results with intratumoral temozolomide cisplatin had no additive or synergistic effect with whole cell either GL261 wild-type or GM-CSF-transfected GL261 cells whole cell vaccine-based immunotherapy. While whole tumour cell immunizations increased CD8+ T-cells and decreased F4/80+ macrophages intratumorally, cisplatin had no effect on these cell populations. Taken together, our results demonstrate that intratumoral cisplatin treatment was effective with a narrow therapeutic window and may be an efficient approach for glioma or other brain tumour treatment.
Emotional dysregulation subgroups in patients with adult Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD): a cluster analytic approach
Authors: Hirsch Oliver , Chavanon Mira Lynn , Christiansen Hanna 
Published: April 2019

AbstractEmotion regulation deficits (ERD) are evident in about 34–70% of the adults with ADHD. In contrast to this, they are not considered in the diagnostic criteria of the disorder. In a recent study of our research group using confirmatory factor analysis, we modeled positive and negative emotion as well as emotion regulation skills along with the classical ADHD-core symptoms. We showed that negative affect and the failure to apply adaptive emotion regulation skills were distinct and indicative dimensions in adult ADHD. In this study, we used a person-centered approach based on cluster analysis to subtype patients on the presence or relative absence of ERD. This results in important information to individualize treatment decisions. We found two clusters, with cluster 2 showing high ERD that were associated with higher impairments indicated by depressive mood, negative affect and elevated psychological distress. There were also higher rates of comorbidity in cluster 2 such as somatoform disorders which were associated with ERD. Women were overrepresented in this cluster 2. Neuropsychological variables did not contribute significantly to cluster formation. In conclusion, ADHD in adults is a heterogeneous disorder with specific subgroups that need differential treatment approaches.
High intensity training improves cardiac function in healthy rats
Authors: Verboven Maxim , Cuypers Anne , Deluyker Dorien , Lambrichts Ivo , Eijnde Bert O. , Hansen Dominique , Bito Virginie 
Published: April 2019

AbstractExercise training is a low cost and safe approach for reducing the risk of cardiovascular disease development. Currently, moderate-intensity training (MIT) is the most preferred exercise type. However, high-intensity interval training (HIIT) is gaining interest especially among athletes and healthy individuals. In this study, we examined cardiac remodeling resulting from MIT and HIIT in healthy rats. Healthy male Sprague-Dawley rats were randomly assigned to MIT or HIIT for 13 weeks. Animals kept sedentary (SED) were used as control. Cardiac function was evaluated with echocardiography and hemodynamic measurements. Heart tissue was stained for capillary density and fibrosis. After 13 weeks of training, only HIIT induced beneficial cardiac hypertrophy. Overall global cardiac parameters (such as ejection fraction, cardiac output and volumes) were improved similarly between both training modalities. At tissue level, collagen content was significantly and similarly reduced in both exercise groups. Finally, only HIIT increased significantly capillary density. Our data indicate that even if very different in design, HIIT and MIT appear to be equally effective in improving cardiac function in healthy rats. Furthermore, HIIT provides additional benefits through improved capillary density and should therefore be considered as a preferred training modality for athletes and for patients.
Serum of patients with acute myocardial infarction prevents inflammation in iPSC-cardiomyocytes
Authors: Sattler Katherine , El-Battrawy Ibrahim , Zhao Zhihan , Schrottenberg Christoph , Yücel Gökhan , Lan Huan , Li Xin , Lang Siegfried , Zimmermann Wolfram-Hubertus , Cyganek Lukas , Utikal Jochen , Wieland Thomas , Ravens Ursula , Bieback Karen , Borggrefe Martin , Zhou Xiaobo , Akin Ibrahim 
Published: April 2019

AbstractAcute myocardial infarction (MI) evokes a systemic inflammatory response and locally the degradation of the necrotic tissue, followed by scar formation. The mechanisms for containment of the infarct zone are not studied well. The study aimed to examine the response of healthy cardiomyocytes to serum of patients with myocardial infarction. Human iPSC-cardiomyocytes (iPSC-CM) generated from two healthy donors were incubated with serum of patients with MI with and without ventricular fibrillation (VF) or of healthy controls. Different cell adhesion molecules were studied by flow cytometry and immunostaining. Cellular electrophysiology was studied by patch clamp. The cell adhesion molecules CD54/ICAM-1, CD58/LFA-3 and CD321/JAM-A were expressed on iPSC-CM within the plasma membrane. Incubation with serum of MI patients reduced the levels of expression of CD54/ICAM-1 and CD321/JAM-A by 15–20%. VF serum was less effective than serum of MI patients without VF. MI serum or VF serum did not affect resting potential, action potential duration or maximum depolarization velocity. Myocardial infarction serum exerts anti-inflammatory effects on healthy cardiomyocytes without affecting their electrical activity, thus helping to contain the infarct zone and to protect healthy tissue. Ventricular fibrillation during MI drives healthy cardiomyocytes towards a pro-inflammatory phenotype.
Controlling the transverse proton relaxivity of magnetic graphene oxide
Authors: Thapa Bibek , Diaz-Diestra Daysi , Badillo-Diaz Dayra , Sharma Rohit Kumar , Dasari Kiran , Kumari Shalini , Holcomb Mikel B. , Beltran-Huarac Juan , Weiner Brad R. , Morell Gerardo 
Published: April 2019

AbstractThe engineering of materials with controlled magnetic properties by means other than a magnetic field is of great interest in nanotechnology. In this study, we report engineered magnetic graphene oxide (MGO) in the nanocomposite form of iron oxide nanoparticles (IO)-graphene oxide (GO) with tunable core magnetism and magnetic resonance transverse relaxivity (r2). These tunable properties are obtained by varying the IO content on GO. The MGO series exhibits r2 values analogous to those observed in conventional single core and cluster forms of IO in different size regimes—motional averaging regime (MAR), static dephasing regime (SDR), and echo-limiting regime (ELR) or slow motion regime (SMR). The maximum r2 of 162 ± 5.703 mM−1s−1 is attained for MGO with 28 weight percent (wt%) content of IO on GO and hydrodynamic diameter of 414 nm, which is associated with the SDR. These findings demonstrate the clear potential of magnetic graphene oxide for magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) applications.
Effect of regional wind circulation and meteorological factors on long-range migration of mustard aphids over indo-gangetic plain
Authors: Ghosh Sayantan , Roy Arindam , Chatterjee Abhijit , Sikdar Samir Ranjan 
Published: April 2019

AbstractMustard aphids are a serious problem for Brassica oilseed in India causing up to 90% of the crop damage. It was hypothesized that Aphids migrate into the Indo Gangetic plain (IGP) from hilly regions of every year. Exact source and migration pattern of this pest is unknown till date. During their long range migration they infested various places over IGP, which fall on their way of migration. The wind, blown from the hilly regions helps aphids to migrate. Meteorological parameters play a crucial role in this migration of aphids. In this study, we have done the 24 hours air-mass backward trajectory at 100 m above ground level (agl) to detect the source regions of mustard aphids. We have found that mainly Western Himalayan hilly regions act as the source of mustard aphids for IGPs. The dependence upon the micro-meteorological parameters and population dynamics are analyzed and discussed elaborately in this work. In this study, we have proposed the ‘Hop and Fly’ behavior of mustard aphid and further discussed how this migrating behavior could help us to reduce the yield loss of Brassica.
Gut resistome plasticity in pediatric patients undergoing hematopoietic stem cell transplantation
Authors: D’Amico Federica , Soverini Matteo , Zama Daniele , Consolandi Clarissa , Severgnini Marco , Prete Arcangelo , Pession Andrea , Barone Monica , Turroni Silvia , Biagi Elena , Brigidi Patrizia , Masetti Riccardo , Rampelli Simone , Candela Marco 
Published: April 2019

AbstractThe gut microbiome of pediatric patients undergoing allo-hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT) has recently been considered as a potential reservoir of antimicrobial resistance, with important implications in terms of patient mortality rate. By means of shotgun metagenomics, here we explored the dynamics of the gut resistome – i.e. the pattern of antibiotic resistance genes provided by the gut microbiome – in eight pediatric patients undergoing HSCT, half of whom developed acute Graft-versus-Host Disease (aGvHD). According to our findings, the patients developing aGvHD are characterized by post-HSCT expansion of their gut resistome, involving the acquisition of new resistances, as well as the consolidation of those already present before HSCT. Interestingly, the aGvHD-associated bloom in resistome diversity is not limited to genes coding for resistance to the antibiotics administered along the therapeutic course, but rather involves a broad pattern of different resistance classes, including multidrug resistance, as well as resistance to macrolides, aminoglycosides, tetracyclines and beta-lactams. Our data stress the relevance of mapping the gut resistome in HSCT pediatric patients to define the most appropriate anti-infective treatment post HSCT.
Efficacy of traditional Chinese medication Tangminling pill in Chinese patients with type 2 diabetes
Authors: Cheng Jing , Zheng Jia , Liu Yanping , Hao Panpan 
Published: April 2019

Abstract
The morbidity of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) has been increasing rapidly worldwide. Tangminling pill, consisting of ten Chinese herbal medications, is usually prescribed for T2DM in mainland China. Whether treatment with Tangminling can improve clinical outcomes of T2DM patients was still debated. Four studies comparing Tangminling vs. placebo treatment in T2DM patients were included and 767 T2DM patients were enrolled in our analyses. Tangminling treatment exhibited better efficacy than placebo in reducing hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c) (1.11 vs. 0.32%; pooled weighted mean difference [WMD]: 0.80; 95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.65–0.96; P&lt;0.001), fasting plasma glucose (0.82 vs. −0.40 mM; WMD: 1.10; 95% CI: 0.56–1.64; P&lt;0.001), 2-h postprandial glucose (2-hr PG) (2.81 vs. 1.11 mM; WMD: 1.80; 95% CI: 1.72–1.88; P&lt;0.001), homeostatic model assessment-β level (4.28 vs. 0.41; WMD: 0.44; 95% CI: 0.27–0.61; P&lt;0.001), waist circumference (WC) (1.04 vs. 0.36 cm; WMD: 0.78; 95% CI: 0.37–1.19; P&lt;0.001) and body weight index (0.37 vs. 0.11 kg/m2; WMD: 0.30; 95% CI: −0.00 to 0.61; P=0.05). Tangminling pill might reduce glucose level and body weight and improve β-cell function in T2DM patients. Our study highlights the important role of Tangminling pill in the management of T2DM.
Retrieval-Based Word Learning in Young Typically Developing Children and Children With Development Language Disorder II: A Comparison of Retrieval Schedules
Authors: Haebig Eileen , Leonard Laurence B. , Deevy Patricia , Karpicke Jeffrey , Christ Sharon L. , Usler Evan , Kueser Justin B. , Souto Sofía , Krok Windi , Weber Christine 
Published: April 2019

Purpose
Retrieval practice has been found to be a powerful strategy to enhance long-term retention of new information; however, the utility of retrieval practice when teaching young children new words is largely unknown, and even less is known for young children with language impairments. The current study examined the effect of 2 different retrieval schedules on word learning at both the behavioral and neural levels.

Method

Participants included 16 typically developing children (
M
TD
= 61.58 months) and 16 children with developmental language disorder (
M
DLD
= 59.60 months). Children participated in novel word learning sessions in which the spacing of retrieval practice was manipulated: Some words were retrieved only after other words had been presented (i.e., repeated retrieval that required contextual reinstatement [RRCR]); others were taught using an immediate retrieval schedule. In Experiment 1, children's recall of the novel word labels and their meanings was tested after a 5-min delay and a 1-week delay. In Experiment 2, event-related brain potentials were obtained from a match–mismatch task utilizing the novel word stimuli.

Results
Experiment 1 findings revealed that children were able to label referents and to retain the novel words more successfully if the words were taught in the RRCR learning condition. Experiment 2 findings revealed that mismatching picture–word pairings elicited a robust N400 event-related brain potential only for words that were taught in the RRCR condition. In addition, children were more accurate in identifying picture–word matches and mismatches for words taught in the RRCR condition, relative to the immediate retrieval condition.

Conclusions
Retrieval practice that requires contextual reinstatement through spacing results in enhanced word learning and long-term retention of words. Both typically developing children and children with developmental language disorder benefit from this type of retrieval procedure.

Supplemental Material

https://doi.org/10.23641/asha.7927112
Expressive Language in Preschoolers Born Preterm: Results of Language Sample Analysis and Standardized Assessment
Authors: Imgrund Caitlin M. , Loeb Diane F. , Barlow Steven M. 
Published: April 2019

Purpose
Preschoolers born preterm are at an increased risk for the development of language impairments. The primary objective of this study was to document the expressive language skills of preschoolers born preterm through 2 assessment procedures, language sample analysis, and standardized assessment. A secondary objective was to investigate the role of nonlinguistic factors in standardized assessment scores.

Method
The language skills of 29 children born preterm (mean gestational age of 31 weeks) were compared to a group of 29 preschoolers born full term. Language samples were collected during free play and objective measures of semantic and grammatical skills were calculated. Likewise, grammatical and semantic measures of language were obtained from a standardized assessment. Information on nonlinguistic factors, including attention, hyperactivity, and nonverbal intelligence quotient, was also collected.

Results
The results of analyses of variance indicated that the children in the PT group had significantly poorer performance than the children born full term on all of the measures of language skill obtained from the language sample analysis. Group differences were found for only 1 measure of language skill obtained from the standardized assessments. Nonverbal factors were not found to account for group differences in assessment scores.

Conclusions
Generally, the children born preterm performed more poorly when language skill was measured via language sample analysis than standardized assessment. These findings underscore the importance of using language sample analysis in conjunction with standardized assessment in the evaluation of children's developing language skills.
Transit least-squares survey
Authors: Heller René , Rodenbeck Kai , Hippke Michael 
Published: April 2019

We apply for the first time the transit least-squares (TLS) algorithm to search for new transiting exoplanets. TLS has been developed as a successor to the box least-squares (BLS) algorithm, which has served as a standard tool for the detection of periodic transits. In this proof-of-concept paper, we demonstrate that TLS finds small planets that have previously been missed. We show the capabilities of TLS using the K2 EVEREST-detrended light curve of the star K2-32 (EPIC 205071984), which has been known to have three transiting planets. TLS detects these known Neptune-sized planets K2-32 b, d, and c in an iterative search and finds an additional transit signal with a high signal detection efficiency (SDETLS) of 26.1 at a period of 4.34882−0.00075+0.00069 d. We show that this additional signal remains detectable (SDETLS = 13.2) with TLS in the K2SFF light curve of K2-32, which includes a less optimal detrending of the systematic trends. The signal is below common detection thresholds if searched with BLS in the K2SFF light curve (SDEBLS = 8.9), however, as in previous searches. Markov chain Monte Carlo sampling with the emcee software shows that the radius of this candidate is 1.01−0.09+0.10 R⊕. We analyzed its phase-folded transit light curve using the vespa software and calculated a false-positive probability FPP = 3.1 × 10−3. Taking into account the multiplicity boost of the system, we estimate an FPP < 3.1 × 10−4, which formally validates K2-32 e as a planet. K2-32 now hosts at least four planets that are very close to a 1:2:5:7 mean motion resonance chain. The offset of the orbital periods of K2-32 e and b from a 1:2 mean motion resonance agrees very well with the sample of transiting multiplanet systems from Kepler, lending further credence to the planetary nature of K2-32 e. We expect that TLS can find many more transits of Earth-sized and even smaller planets in the Kepler and K2 data that have so far remained undetected with algorithms that search for box-like signals.
Resilienz aus multifaktorieller Perspektive
Authors: Friederichs Edgar , Kärner Tobias , Ratsch Michaela W. , Friederichs Katja M. 
Published: April 2019

ZusammenfassungIn Anlehnung an Gruhl gehen wir im Beitrag von 3 Resilienzfacetten aus, welche die Fähigkeiten beschreiben, dynamisch Veränderungen gestalten zu können, flexibel auf Erfordernisse reagieren zu können sowie sich angemessen von den Erwartungen anderer abgrenzen zu können, d. h., resistent zu sein. Da kein Instrument zur Erfassung dieser Resilienzfacetten vorliegt, setzt sich der Beitrag das Ziel, ein solches fragebogenbasiertes Instrument vorzustellen und interindividuelle Unterschiede herauszuarbeiten. Zur Bearbeitung der Fragestellung wird auf Daten von 200 Personen zurückgegriffen. In den Ergebnissen ließen sich auf Grundlage des multifaktoriellen Resilienzmodells mittels explorativer und konfirmatorischer Faktorenanalyse die 3 Resilienzfacetten Resistenz, Dynamik und Flexibilität identifizieren, welche mit jeweils 4 Items gemessen werden. Zur Identifikation verschiedener Personengruppen, die sich hinsichtlich ihrer Resilienzfacetten unterscheiden, kam eine latente Klassenanalyse zum Einsatz. Implikationen aus unseren Befunden ergeben sich u. a. für die Resilienzförderung in Lern- und Arbeitskontexten, da hieraus erste Ansatzpunkte einer personen- bzw. organisationsspezifischen Förderung gewonnen werden können.