bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Complex robotic compared to manual coronary interventions: 6‐ and 12‐month outcomes
Authors: Walters Daniel , Reeves Ryan R. , Patel Mitul , Naghi Jesse , Ang Lawrence , Mahmud Ehtisham 
Published: November 2018

AbstractObjectivesTo assess the long‐term safety and efficacy of robotic percutaneous coronary revascularization for use in complex coronary lesions.BackgroundRobotically assisted percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) is safe and feasible in simple coronary lesions and has excellent short‐term procedural and clinical outcomes for complex lesions; however, long‐term safety and efficacy outcomes are unknown.MethodsA total of 103 consecutive patients underwent a total of 108 robotic (R)‐PCI procedures (age 68.1; 78.3% male) over 18 months, and 210 patients underwent a total of 226 manual (M)‐PCI procedures (age 67.5; 78.1% male) during the same period. Patients were subsequently followed and both 6‐month and 12‐month major adverse cardiovascular events (MACE), comprised of any death, stroke, myocardial infarction, or target vessel revascularization, are reported and compared.ResultsThere was no difference between the two groups with regard to overall MACE at 6 months (R‐PCI 5.8% vs. M‐PCI 3.3%, P = 0.51) or at 12 months (R‐PCI 7.8% vs. M‐PCI 8.1%, P = 0.92). There was no difference between the individual components of the primary combined endpoint at either time point. No access site complications occurred in either cohort that met BARC III or higher criteria.ConclusionsAt the 6‐ and 12‐month time points following R‐PCI, no difference in clinical outcomes or safety measures was observed as compared to M‐PCI.
Sulfonic Acid Functionalized Ordered Mesoporous Silica and their Application as Highly Efficient and Selective Heterogeneous Catalysts in the Formation of 1,2‐Monoacetone‐D‐glucose
Authors: Krishna Nunna V. , Anuradha Sankaran , Ganesh Reddi , Kumar Velisoju V. , Selvam Parasuraman 
Published: November 2018

AbstractA series of sulfonic acid functionalized ordered mesoporous silica (OMS), designated as RSO3H‐OMS (R=alkyl or aryl; OMS=MCM‐41, IITM‐56 or SBA‐15), were prepared by post‐synthesis grafting method. These catalysts, in general, exhibit strong acidic sites and, therefore, yield diacetone‐D‐glucose as main product in the D‐glucose acetonation reaction. On the other hand, the functionalized catalyst can also be tuned in such a way to generate significant amount of weak‐to‐moderate acidic sites, which are in turn responsible for the formation of 1,2‐monoacetone‐D‐glucose, hitherto not reported so far. These functionalized materials also show promise as they are water tolerant catalyst as well as exhibit varying acidic strengths, which allow greater flexibility for the desired product. In addition, the uniform mesopores with high surface area permit bulkier molecules to enter the active sites, thus the catalyst offers larger pliability in terms of yield and reusability. We report here, for the first time, RSO3H‐SBA‐15, with sizable amount of weak‐to‐moderate acidic sites, as a robust heterogeneous catalyst for the formation of the targeted molecule, 1,2‐monoacetone‐D‐glucose.
Solvent‐Free Catalytic Self‐Etherification of 5‐Hydroxymethyl Furfural
Authors: Stanev Nikolai , Bordado João C. M. , Afonso Carlos A. M. , Simeonov Svilen P. 
Published: November 2018

AbstractRecently, 5‐hydroxymethyl furfural (5‐HMF) became into the spotlight as one of the most promising biorenewable platforms available from carbohydrates. Among other versatile derivatives of 5‐HMF its dimer 5,5′‐(oxy‐bis (methylene)) bis‐2‐furfural (OBMF) was recognized as a useful building block for the production of polymers and pharmaceuticals. Herein we explored the synthesis of OBMF under solvent free conditions applying vacuum as a green tool for water removal. Several readily available acidic resins, silica gel supported inorganic acid, acidic zeolites and Lewis acids were studied as promoters for this transformation. Under these conditions, SiO2/CF3SO3H exhibited the best performance allowing the synthesis of OBMF in 55 % yield in only 1 min reaction time. Similar results were achieved using Amberlyst 15 and SO2/PPA resulting in 51 % yield in 20 min and 46 % yield in 10 min, respectively.
Phosphorus‐doped Isotype g‐C3N4/g‐C3N4: An Efficient Charge Transfer System for Photoelectrochemical Water Oxidation
Authors: Duan Shi‐Fang , Tao Chun‐Lan , Geng Yuan‐Yuan , Yao Xiao‐Qiang , Kang Xiong‐Wu , Su Jin‐Zhan , Rodríguez‐Gutiérrez Ingrid , Kan Miao , Romero Melissa , Sun Yue , Zhao Yi‐Xin , Qin Dong‐Dong , Yan Yong 
Published: November 2018

AbstractConstructing isotype g‐C3N4/g‐C3N4 heterojunction is an approach to improve the efficiency of g‐C3N4 towards solar‐assisted oxidation of water. Such functional configuration can effectively overcome the intrinsic drawback of rapid charge recombination of g‐C3N4. Here, a modified g‐C3N4, with homogeneous phosphorus doping, is prepared in this work through a phosphide‐involved gas phase reaction. The resulting P‐g‐C3N4 displays altered electronic structure, including upshifted band edge potential, narrowed band gap and improved electronic conductivity. These features allow P‐g‐C3N4 as an outstanding candidate to form isotype junction with pristine g‐C3N4. As expected, the accelerated charge separation and migration in target junction is validated by various measurements. The optimized isotype g‐C3N4/P‐g‐C3N4 heterojunction achieves a photocurrent as high as 0.3 mA cm−2 at 1.23 V vs RHE (AM 1.5G, 100 mW cm−2), representing 8‐fold's enhancement compared with pristine g‐C3N4. The present strategy for constructing g‐C3N4‐based isotype heterojunction networks is found effective for large‐scale manufacturing.
Employment and Careers of European Chemists (ESEC2)
Authors: Salzer Reiner , Cole‐Hamilton David , Hrastelj Nineta , Vilela Bruno 
Published: November 2018

AbstractEmployment conditions and career opportunities are in the focus of the new Employment Survey for European Chemists (ESEC2). Conditions and opportunities are individually analysed for all countries with a statistically significant number of responses. The results provide important clues for careers in these countries and in Europe as a whole. The importance of employer sectors varies very much between European countries. A chapter of this report is devoted to career planning of students and new graduates. This is the first general evaluation of the survey. It provides many details about the chemistry workforce in Europe and its development.
Preservative and surgical interventions to treat ingrown nail and pincer nail
Authors: Kasuya Akira , Tokura Yoshiki 
Published: November 2018

AbstractIngrown nail and pincer nail are common diseases. Although they are sometimes indistinguishable and described together, they are different conditions. Pincer nail is a situation where nail plate is curved transversely. On the other hand, ingrown nail represents a condition, where lateral edge of nail cuts deep into the lateral nail fold causing severe inflammation and even pyogenic granuloma. Ingrown nail and pincer nail coexist in some patients. In certain occupational environments, these nail diseases frequently occur as well as irritant and allergic skin diseases. In addition, they may take place in patients receiving epidermal growth factor receptor inhibitors. Different approaches should be made for the treatment of these nail conditions. Historically, surgical interventions, as exemplified by partial avulsion of nail plate and matricectomy, were usually selected. Currently, a number of preservative methods have been emerging, including nail sculpture, Tsume Flat®, Pedigrass®, VHO®, and hyperelastic wire. However, there has been no golden standard. Each facility takes its own method for the treatment. In this review, we explain these preservative methods as well as surgical interventions.
Stable Gabor Phase Retrieval and Spectral Clustering
Authors: Grohs Philipp , Rathmair Martin 
Published: November 2018

AbstractWe consider the problem of reconstructing a signalffrom its spectrogram, i.e., the magnitudes |Vφf| of its Gabor transformurn:x-wiley:00103640:media:cpa21799:cpa21799-math-0001Such problems occur in a wide range of applications, from optical imaging of nanoscale structures to audio processing and classification.While it is well‐known that the solution of the above Gabor phase retrieval problem is unique up to natural identifications, the stability of the reconstruction has remained wide open. The present paper discovers a deep and surprising connection between phase retrieval, spectral clustering, and spectral geometry. We show that the stability of the Gabor phase reconstruction is bounded by the reciprocal of theCheeger constantof the flat metric on ℝ2, conformally multiplied with |Vφf|. The Cheeger constant, in turn, plays a prominent role in the field of spectral clustering, and it precisely quantifies the “disconnectedness” of the measurementsVφf.It has long been known that a disconnected support of the measurements results in an instability—our result for the first time provides a converse in the sense that there are no other sources of instabilities.Due to the fundamental importance of Gabor phase retrieval in coherent diffraction imaging, we also provide a new understanding of the stability properties of these imaging techniques: Contrary to most classical problems in imaging science whose regularization requires the promotion of smoothness or sparsity, the correct regularization of the phase retrieval problem promotes the “connectedness” of the measurements in terms of bounding the Cheeger constant from below. Our work thus, for the first time, opens the door to the development of efficient regularization strategies. © 2018 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Across the Board: J. Henrique Teles
Authors: Teles J. Henrique 
Published: November 2018

AbstractIn this series of articles, the board members of ChemSusChem discuss recent research articles that they consider of exceptional quality and importance for sustainability. This entry features Dr. J. Henrique Teles, who highlights the importance of a holistic view of sustainability. This is particularly important when it comes to bringing results from the lab to industrial use.
Prevalence of high‐risk human papilloma virus in liquid‐based cervical samples from Turkish women with normal and abnormal cytology
Authors: Seneldir Hatice , Kir Gozde 
Published: November 2018

AbstractBackgroundThe aim of this study was to investigate the prevalence of human papilloma virus (HPV) infection from Turkish women with normal and abnormal cytology.MethodsOur study population consisted of 1252 women with normal and abnormal cytology. In our clinic, cervical cancer screening was performed by liquid‐based cytology testing (ThinPrep Pap Test). Reflex high‐risk (HR) HPV testing (Cervista HPV HR and HPV 16/18) was performed in cases with abnormal cytology (n = 330). HR HPV testing was performed to 922 cases with normal cytology.ResultsHR HPV was detected in 18.7% of negative for intraepithelial lesion or malignancy (NILM) samples, and in 79.7% of abnormal cytology cases. HPV types 16 and/or 18 were found in 18.6% and 35.3% of normal cytology cases and abnormal cytology cases, respectively. Of all 435 HR HPV‐positive samples, HPV type 16 and/or 18 prevalence was significantly higher in cases with more severe cytological abnormalities.ConclusionsThe HPV prevalence among Turkish women with normal and abnormal cytology identified in this study largely concurs with those in other studies throughout the world. HPV types 16 and/or 18 were detected significantly in normal cytology cases in our study. We also found that, as has been previously demonstrated, certain HPV genotypes (16/18) are associated with more severe pathologies. However, larger epidemiological studies in different regions of Turkey are needed to evaluate the accurate prevalence of HPV infection throughout the country.
Effect of rearing conditions on the correlation between larval development time and pupal weight of the rice stem borer, Chilo suppressalis
Authors: Huang Xiao‐Long , Xiao Lan , He Hai‐Min , Xue Fang‐Sen 
Published: November 2018

AbstractA strong positive correlation between development time and body size is commonly assumed. However, the evidence is increasing that the correlation between the two traits can be positive, zero or negative, depending on whether the two traits are under antagonistic or synergistic selection. In the present study, we examined the relation between larval development time and pupal weight of the rice stem borer Chilo suppressalis under laboratory and field conditions. For individuals reared at constant temperatures (22, 25, 28 and 31°C), a longer larval period tended to result in larger pupae, showing a positive correlation between larval development time and pupal weight; whereas for those reared under field conditions, a longer larval period tended to result in smaller pupae at 23.5 and 29.8°C, showing a negative correlation between the two traits. There was no correlation between the two traits at the mean daily temperature of 31°C. At constant temperatures, larval development time shortened significantly as rearing temperature increased, whereas pupae tended to become larger at higher temperatures, although no significant difference was detected among temperatures for pupal weight. Under field conditions, larval development time decreased significantly as the mean daily temperature increased, whereas pupal weight of females increased significantly with the increase in the mean daily temperature, which is an example of the reverse temperature–size rule. Feeding method significantly affected larval development time and pupal weight. For individuals fed on live rice plants, larval development time shortened significantly and pupal weight increased significantly compared with those reared on fresh rice stems.
Timing of maternal exposure to toxic cyanobacteria and offspring fitness in Daphnia magna: Implications for the evolution of anticipatory maternal effects
Authors: Radersma Reinder , Hegg Alexander , Noble Daniel W. A. , Uller Tobias 
Published: November 2018

AbstractOrganisms that regularly encounter stressful environments are expected to use cues to develop an appropriate phenotype. Water fleas (Daphnia spp.) are exposed to toxic cyanobacteria during seasonal algal blooms, which reduce growth and reproductive investment. Because generation time is typically shorter than the exposure to cyanobacteria, maternal effects provide information about the local conditions subsequent generations will experience. Here, we evaluate if maternal effects in response to microcystin, a toxin produced by cyanobacteria, represent an inheritance system evolved to transmit information in Daphnia magna. We exposed mothers as juveniles and/or as adults, and tested the offspring's fitness in toxic and non‐toxic environments. Maternal exposure until reproduction reduced offspring fitness, both in the presence and in the absence of toxic cyanobacteria. However, this effect was accompanied by a small positive fitness effect, relative to offspring from unexposed mothers, in the presence of toxic cyanobacteria. This effect was mainly elicited in response to maternal exposure to toxic cyanobacteria early in life and less so during reproduction. None of these effects were explained by changes in egg size. A meta‐analysis using our and others’ experiments suggests that the adaptive value of maternal effects to cyanobacteria exposure is weak at best. We suggest that the beneficial maternal effect in our study is an example of phenotypic accommodation spanning generations, rather than a mechanism evolved to transmit information about cyanobacteria presence between generations.
GM‐CSF therapy inhibits chronic graft‐versus‐host disease via expansion of regulatory T cells
Authors: Hotta Masaaki , Yoshimura Hideaki , Satake Atsushi , Tsubokura Yukie , Ito Tomoki , Nomura Shosaku 
Published: November 2018

AbstractRegulatory T cells (Tregs) attenuate excessive immune responses, making their expansion beneficial in immune‐mediated diseases, including allogeneic bone marrow transplantation associated with graft‐versus‐host disease (GVHD). In addition to interleukin‐2, Tregs require T‐cell receptor and costimulatory signals from antigen‐presenting cells, such as DCs, for their optimal proliferation. Granulocyte‐macrophage colony‐stimulating factor (GM‐CSF) increases DC number and may promote DC‐dependent Treg proliferation. Here, we demonstrate that GM‐CSF treatment increases CD4+CD8– DCs, which are associated with Treg expansion. In a mouse model of chronic GVHD (cGVHD), GM‐CSF therapy expanded Tregs, protected against the development of skin GVHD, and regulated both Th1 and Th17 responses in the peripheral lymph nodes, resulting in an attenuation of skin cGVHD. Notably, the expanded Tregs were instrumental to GM‐CSF‐mediated cGVHD inhibition, which was dependent upon an increased ratio of Tregs to conventional T cells rather than augmentation of suppressive function. These data suggest that GM‐CSF induces Treg proliferation by expanding CD4+CD8− DCs, which in turn regulate alloimmune responses in a cGVHD mouse model. Thus, GM‐CSF could be used as a therapeutic DC modulator to induce Treg expansion and to inhibit excessive alloimmune responses in immune‐related diseases.
Using Bayes model averaging to leverage both gene main effects and G × E interactions to identify genomic regions in genome‐wide association studies
Authors: Moss Lilit C. , Gauderman William J. , Lewinger Juan Pablo , Conti David V. 
Published: November 2018

AbstractGenome‐wide association studies typically search for marginal associations between a single‐nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) and a disease trait while gene‐environment (G × E) interactions remain generally unexplored. More powerful methods beyond the simple case–control (CC) approach leverage either marginal effects or CC ascertainment to increase power. However, these potential gains depend on assumptions whose aptness is often unclear a priori. Here, we review G × E methods and use simulations to highlight performance as a function of main and interaction effects and the association of the two factors in the source population. Substantial variation in performance between methods leads to uncertainty as to which approach is most appropriate for any given analysis. We present a framework that (a) balances the robustness of a CC approach with the power of the case‐only (CO) approach; (b) incorporates main SNP effects; (c) allows for incorporation of prior information; and (d) allows the data to determine the most appropriate model. Our framework is based on Bayes model averaging, which provides a principled statistical method for incorporating model uncertainty. We average over inclusion of parameters corresponding to the main and G × E interaction effects and the G–E association in controls. The resulting method exploits the joint evidence for main and interaction effects while gaining power from a CO equivalent analysis. Through simulations, we demonstrate that our approach detects SNPs within a wide range of scenarios with increased power over current methods. We illustrate the approach on a gene‐environment scan in the USC Children's Health Study.
Fresh‐state performance design of green concrete mixes with reduced carbon dioxide emissions
Authors: Şanal İrem 
Published: November 2018

AbstractThe use of environment‐friendly cement‐replacement materials results in concrete mixes with significantly reduced water‐to‐binder ratios, leading to increased viscosity and yield stress. This may be considered a hindrance to the widespread implementation of this green concrete technology. In this comprehensive experimental study, a performance‐based design was applied to select different concrete mixtures for reduced carbon dioxide (CO2) emission and improved performance in terms of both fresh and hardened states. A parameter study was carried out to study the rheological properties, compressive strength, and CO2 emissions of 26 mortar mixes with different binder systems and different water‐to‐binder ratios (W/B) with the aim of determining alternative low‐environment impact combinations. A strong effect of the paste composition (binder amount) on the plastic viscosity and resulting CO2 emissions was observed. For fixed proportions of paste and fine aggregate the plastic viscosity shows a non‐linear decreasing trend to the W/B ratio and non‐linear increasing trend to the B/(W+B) ratio. Finally, a successful candidate paste composition satisfying the performance requirements was selected as a reduced CO2 emission alternative. The candidate paste composition (Mix No. 6) with relatively large amounts (fly ash / cement = 3) of supplementary cementitious materials (fly ash) was selected for the development of environment‐friendly concrete mixtures. The maximum compressive strength increase with this mix was found to be around 25% and maximum CO2 reduction obtained was about 68% when compared to that of the control mix. © 2018 Society of Chemical Industry and John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Fine‐needle aspiration cytology versus core‐needle biopsy for the diagnosis of extracranial head and neck schwannoma
Authors: Ahn Dongbin , Lee Gil Joon , Sohn Jin Ho , Jeong Ji Yun 
Published: November 2018

AbstractBackgroundWe aimed to investigate the feasibility of diagnosing head and neck schwannomas using core‐needle biopsy (CNB), and to compare this technique to fine‐needle aspiration cytology (FNAC).MethodsWe designed a prospective case series in which 52 FNAC and 29 CNB samples from 48 patients with head and neck schwannoma were analyzed. Patient demographics, pathological results, and complications were also evaluated.ResultsOf the 81 total specimens, 24/52 (46.2%) of the FNAC and 0/29 (0.0%) of the CNB samples were unsatisfactory (P < .001). Specific diagnoses of schwannoma, including “suspicious schwannoma” and “consistent with schwannoma,” were obtained from 10/52 (19.2%) of the FNAC samples and 28/29 (96.6%) of the CNB samples (P < .001). Major complications such as hematoma or permanent nerve injury did not occur in patients who underwent either method.ConclusionsCNB can diagnose schwannomas with a higher accuracy than FNAC without increasing the rate of complications.
Applications of Geosynthetics to Irrigation, Drainage and Agriculture
Authors: Blond Eric , Boyle Stan , Ferrara Marianna , Herlin Bruno , Plusquellec Herve , Rimoldi Pietro , Stark Timothy 
Published: November 2018

AbstractGeosynthetics are man‐made products manufactured to meet specific functions in earthworks and geotechnical projects, such as dams, levees, canals, dikes and other structures commonly found in agricultural engineering. Thanks to the Memorandum of Understanding between the International Geosynthetics Society (IGS) and the International Commission on Irrigation and Drainage (ICID), collaborative efforts are being undertaken to generate awareness of geosynthetics in agriculture. In the Workshop on ‘Applications of geosynthetics to irrigation, drainage and agriculture’ held at the 23rd International Congress of the ICID in Mexico City on 8 October 2017, a group of delegates from the IGS contributed with a series of presentations introducing various functions and applications of geosynthetics. The authors gave an overview of how geosynthetic products are designed and tested to ensure they will fulfil their intended function, focusing on applications to irrigation, drainage and agriculture. A few key considerations were identified as being critical to ensure proper performance of geosynthetic materials, in geotechnical projects in general and in agriculture in particular. The present paper is intended to provide a summary of these presentations. © 2018 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.