bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A Physics‐Based Simulation Approach for Urban‐Scale Earthquake Disaster From Fault to City: Theory, Verification, and Application
Authors: Fu Jisai , Ba Zhenning , Liang Jianwen , Wang Fangbo 
Published: November 2024

ABSTRACTBy employing the frequency‐wavenumber (FK) method to simulate the propagation of seismic wavefield in the crustal layer, using the spectral element method (SEM) to simulate the propagation of wavefield in the near‐surface soil, and using the multi‐degree‐of‐freedom (MDOF) model to simulate the seismic response of building clusters in city, this paper establishes the FK‐SE‐MDOF approach (a two‐step method) for urban earthquake disaster analysis of fault‐to‐city based on the concept of domain reduction. The approach can simultaneously consider factors such as earthquake source parameters, propagation paths, local site effects, site‐city interaction (SCI) effects, and the dynamic nonlinear responses of buildings (hereafter referred to as source‐to‐city factors) in a physics‐based model. Firstly, the theories of the approach were introduced, and the correctness of the approach was verified. Furthermore, the applicability and the necessity of considering source‐to‐city factors were examined using a building cluster on an ideal sedimentary basin under the action of a point dislocation source. Finally, the seismic response of buildings in a region was simulated using buildings in the Nankai District of Tianjin as examples. This approach avoids the influences caused by expert experience differences in empirical and hybrid methods, establishes a connection between fault rupture and buildings dynamic response, and can more realistically reflect the distribution of seismic wavefields, building seismic responses, and damage state distribution under the earthquake scenario. It can be applied to earthquake disaster simulation for urban buildings at the scale of tens of thousands of buildings, and the simulation results can provide quantitative guidance for urban planning, earthquake‐resistant design, risk assessment, post‐earthquake rescue, etc.
DEM‐based sand dune analysis: Identification and morphological regionalization in the Grand Erg Oriental
Authors: Zhu Hui , Chen Yang , Yang Xin , Wei Hong , Li Chenrui , Tang Guoan 
Published: November 2024

AbstractSand dunes are predominantly distributed in arid regions. Automatic mapping and regionalization of sand dunes in large‐scale areas are crucial to understanding the evolution trends of aeolian sand environments. Different from existing studies primarily focused on mapping the extent of desert areas, this study proposes a framework for automatic identification and comprehensive regionalization based on dunes morphology. First, the basal terrain of the dune area is constructed, and the difference between this basal terrain and the DEM is calculated using threshold segmentation to delineate the extent of dunes. Further, some landscape metrics are selected to quantify the collective morphological characteristics of sand dunes. Then, a spatially constrained multivariate clustering method is applied to regionalize dunes comprehensively. Compared to existing DEM‐based dune extraction methods, this method can represent dune characteristics more accurately. The application in the Grand Erg Oriental achieved a high extraction accuracy of 94.17%, indicating its suitability for identifying dunes with diverse types in large‐scale areas. a six‐region map is generated that can clearly demonstrate diverse landscape patterns of dunes. The results indicate that the subregions containing branching linear dunes and network dunes have the highest area proportions, accounting for 27.68% and 26.83% of the total study area, respectively. This study provides valuable reference for aeolian geomorphology research specifically offering support for studies in the Grand Erg Oriental region.
Monitoring Oral Reading Fluency From Electronic Shared Book Reading: Insights From a Full‐Length Book Reading Study With Relay Reader®
Authors: Wang Zuowei , Beigman Klebanov Beata , O'Reilly Tenaha , Sabatini John 
Published: November 2024

AbstractExisting research reveals a robust relationship between self‐reported print exposure and long‐term literacy development, yet few studies have demonstrated how reading skills change as children read a book in the short term. In this study, 50 children (mean age 9.7 years, SD = .8) took turns with a prerecorded narrator reading aloud a popular children's novel, producing 6,092 oral reading responses over 1,093 book passages. Each oral reading response was evaluated by a speech engine that calculated words‐correct‐per‐minute (WCPM). Mixed effect models revealed that text level differences, between‐individual differences, and within‐individual variations explained 13%, 56% and 32% of variance in WCPM, respectively. On average, children started reading the book at about 93 WCPM, and they improved by 2.26 WCPM for every 10,000 words of book reading. Random effects showed that the standard deviation of the growth rate was 1.85 WCPM, suggesting substantial individual difference in growth rate. Implications for reading instruction and assessment were discussed.
Significance of REV7 Expression in p16‐Negative Oropharyngeal Squamous Cell Carcinoma
Authors: Momiyama Kaho , Tsutsumi Shohei , Sakurai Yasutaka , Mogi Sachiyo , Miyamoto Shunsuke , Murakumo Yoshiki , Yamashita Taku 
Published: November 2024

ABSTRACTBackgroundREV7 is a multifunctional protein involved in various biological processes, including DNA damage response. REV7 expression in human cancer cells influences sensitivity to DNA‐damaging agents, and its high expression level is reportedly associated with a poor prognosis in many carcinomas. However, the significance of REV7 expression in human papillomavirus 16–negative oropharyngeal squamous cell carcinoma (OPSCC) remains unclear.MethodsREV7 expression was assessed by immunohistochemical analysis in 79 patients with HPV16‐negative OPSCC. We evaluated the effects of inhibiting REV7 expression on the proliferation and cisplatin sensitivity of FaDu, an HPV16‐negative pharyngeal SCC cell line.ResultsIn patients with p16‐negative OPSCC, the high‐REV7‐expression group experienced significantly shorter overall survival than the low‐REV7‐expression group (p = 0.03) in the Cox regression analysis. Furthermore, REV7‐deficient FaDu cells showed suppressed cell growth and enhanced sensitivity to cisplatin in vitro.ConclusionsREV7 expression is associated with a poor prognosis in HPV16‐negative OPSCC.
Dual specific STAT3/5 degraders effectively block acute myeloid leukemia and natural killer/T cell lymphoma
Authors: Pölöske Daniel , Sorger Helena , Schönbichler Anna , de Araujo Elvin D. , Neubauer Heidi A. , Orlova Anna , Timonen Sanna H. , Abdallah Diaaeldin I. , Ianevski Aleksandr , Kuusanmäki Heikki , Surbek Marta , Heyes Elisabeth , Eder Thomas , Wagner Christina , Suske Tobias , Metzelder Martin L. , Bergmann Michael , Dahlhoff Maik , Grebien Florian , Fleck Roman , Pirker Christine , Berger Walter , Hadzijusufovic Emir , Sperr Wolfgang R. , Kenner Lukas , Valent Peter , Aittokallio Tero , Herling Marco , Mustjoki Satu , Gunning Patrick T. , Moriggl Richard 
Published: November 2024

AbstractThe transcription factors STAT3, STAT5A, and STAT5B steer hematopoiesis and immunity, but their enhanced expression and activation promote acute myeloid leukemia (AML) or natural killer/T cell lymphoma (NKCL). Current therapeutic strategies focus on blocking upstream tyrosine kinases to inhibit STAT3/5, but these kinase blockers are not selective against STAT3/5 activation and frequent resistance causes relapse, emphasizing the need for targeted drugs. We evaluated the efficacy of JPX‐0700 and JPX‐0750 as dual STAT3/5 binding inhibitors promoting protein degradation. JPX‐0700/−0750 decreased the mRNA and protein levels of STAT3/5 targets involved in cancer survival, metabolism, and cell cycle progression, exhibiting nanomolar to low micromolar efficacy. They induced cell death and growth arrest in both AML/NKCL cell lines and primary AML patient blasts. We found that both AML/NKCL cells hijack STAT3/5 signaling through either upstream activating mutations in kinases, activating mutations in STAT3, mutational loss of negative STAT regulators, or genetic gains in anti‐apoptotic, pro‐proliferative, or epigenetic‐modifying STAT3/5 targets. This emphasizes a vicious cycle for proliferation and survival through STAT3/5. Both JPX‐0700/−0750 treatment reduced leukemic cell growth in human AML or NKCL xenograft mouse models significantly, being well tolerated by mice. Synergistic cell death was induced upon combinatorial use with approved chemotherapeutics in AML/NKCL cells.
Substitutions and their Generalisations
Authors: Mañibo Neil 
Published: November 2024

AbstractTilings and point sets arising from substitutions are classical mathematical models of quasicrystals. Their hierarchical structure allows one to obtain concrete answers regarding spectral questions tied to the underlying measures and potentials. In this review, we present some generalisations of substitutions, with a focus on substitutions on compact alphabets, and with an outlook towards their spectral theory. Guided by two main examples, we will illustrate what changes when one moves from finite to compact (infinite) alphabets, and discuss under which assumptions do we recover the usual geometric and statistical properties which make them viable models of materials with almost periodic order. We also present a planar example (which is a two‐dimensional generalisation of the Thue−Morse substitution), whose diffraction is purely singular continuous.
Caregiver‐implemented intervention to increase use of positive airway pressure for adults with Down syndrome and sleep apnea
Authors: Walker Emma J. , Lerman Dorothea C. , Nguyen Jennifer , Feliciano Gabby , Young Gregory 
Published: November 2024

AbstractMany individuals with Down syndrome are diagnosed with obstructive sleep apnea (OSA), a medical condition that substantially affects health and quality of life. The most common treatment for OSA is positive airway pressure (PAP) therapy. Few studies have examined interventions to improve PAP therapy adherence for adults with developmental disabilities or have recruited the assistance of caregivers to improve adherence with this therapy in the home. This study evaluated the efficacy of a caregiver‐implemented behavioral intervention to increase PAP use for four adults with Down syndrome and OSA. The experimenters trained caregivers via telehealth to implement the intervention in their homes. The intervention consisted of graduated exposure, noncontingent reinforcement, and differential positive and negative reinforcement without escape extinction. The intervention increased the duration of PAP use for all four participants. These results provide preliminary support for the efficacy of this intervention and service‐delivery model.
METTL3‐Dependent YTHDF2 Mediates TSC1 Expression to Regulate Alveolar Epithelial Mesenchymal Transition and Promote Idiopathic Pulmonary Fibrosis
Authors: Liu Min , Sheng Yingying , Li Mengyu , Pan Tianyu , Jiang Wei , Zhang Yafei , Pan Xin , Huang Cheng , Li Jun , Wang Yuanyuan 
Published: November 2024

ABSTRACTDiffuse, progressive interstitial lung disease with few treatment options and low survival rates is known as idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF). Alveolar epithelial cell damage and dysfunction are the main features of IPF. TSC1 has been documented to exert a pivotal function in governing cellular growth, proliferation, and ontogenesis. This work investigated TSC1's function and mechanism in IPF. Mice were given BLM to cause pulmonary fibrosis, and A549 cells underwent epithelial mesenchymal transition (EMT) in response to TGF‐β1. According to the data, TSC1 expression was reduced in IPF. Overexpression of TSC1 was established by adenopathy‐associated virus in vivo and adenovirus in vitro to significantly block the EMT process. Besides, the findings from the RNA‐sequencing analysis indicate that overexpression of TSC1 mitigated the EMT process by suppressing the activation of the AKT/mTOR pathway via downregulation of ACTN4 expression. To examine the upstream regulatory mechanism, we employed the SRAMP database to predict m6A modification of TSC1 mRNA, followed by verification of m6A modification levels and expression using MERIP‐qPCR, Dot blot, RT‐qPCR, and WB. The results indicated a high degree of m6A modification in TSC1 mRNA in pulmonary fibrosis. The expression of METTL3 was further found to be significantly elevated. METTL3 knockdown impeded EMT progression. METTL3 inhibits TSC1 expression by increasing TSC1 m6A modification through the reading protein YTHDF2. In conclusion, our study elucidated that the METTL3/YTHDF2/TSC1 signaling axis activates the AKT/mTOR pathway to promote the development of IPF. This study provides potential molecular‐level therapeutic targets for IPF disease.
Near infrared‐II light‐sheet microscopy: Basic principle, intellectualization, and medical application
Authors: Li Yuan , Ao Siyu , Zhu TianYu , Zhao Rong , Yang Hao , Wang QiZhong , Mu Xiaoyu , Wang Hao , Liu Pengfei , Zhang Xiao‐Dong 
Published: November 2024

AbstractFluorescence microscopy has emerged as a pivotal tool in biological and medical research, wherein the assessment of penetration depth and imaging resolution serves as crucial indicators of a microscope's efficacy. However, the intricate interaction between photons and biological tissues gives rise to substantial background noise, presenting a formidable challenge. Fortunately, the near‐infrared window (NIR), particularly the NIR‐II range (1000–1700 nm), has emerged as a viable solution to mitigate these challenges and attain optimal imaging outcomes. This review centers on the progressive developments in light‐sheet microscopy techniques, elucidating their distinctive characteristics and applications in the field of biological imaging. Furthermore, the incorporation of optical design enhancements, encompassing light‐sheet microscopy is discussed as a pivotal strategy to augment imaging quality. The discussion extends to include refinements in imaging precision and the integration of deep learning methodologies with NIR imaging, especially for unique applications in NIR clinical exploration. The ensuing discourse endeavors to furnish a comprehensive synthesis of advancements in fluorescence microscopy, emphasizing the significance of the NIR windows, while also elucidating the role of sophisticated optical design and machine learning methodologies in enhancing overall imaging capabilities.
Are We Competitive? A Firm Competitiveness Fit Scale
Authors: Arraya Marco , Ferreira João J. 
Published: November 2024

ABSTRACTThis study aims to develop and validate a comprehensive measure of firm competitiveness fit, a second‐order composite construct consisting of seven strategic dimensions: vision, leadership, work passion, people‐centric, customer‐centric, infrastructural, and viability. These dimensions have been identified as critical factors that influence a firm's competitiveness; however, there is no widely accepted scale to evaluate them. Therefore, this study aims to provide a comprehensive scale that assesses a firm's competitiveness and links specific practices to improvements or decreases in competitiveness. This study used a mixed‐method approach that included both qualitative and quantitative phases. The qualitative stage involved interviewing 10 C‐suite executives to gain insights into the dimensions' impact on firm competitiveness and to generate items that reflect an understanding of the dimensions. The quantitative phase involved distributing a survey to 188 participants to measure the relationships between the strategic dimensions and firm competitiveness fit and to assess the scale's reliability, validity, and operability. To achieve this goal, PLS‐SEM (partial least squares structural equation modeling) was used. The results reveal that firm competitiveness fit is a composite second‐order construct, and the incorporation of the seven strategic dimensions into the model demonstrates its validity as a reliable predictor of firm competitiveness. This study has implications for theoretical and practical applications.
Impact of Gender‐Affirming Rhinoplasty Techniques on Objective Facial Appearance
Authors: Fakurnejad Shayan , Park Andrea M. , Seth Rahul , Knott P. Daniel 
Published: November 2024

ObjectivesTo evaluate the impact of transfemale gender‐affirming rhinoplasty on nasal appearance as evaluated by common facial analysis measures.MethodsRetrospective case series of patients undergoing gender‐affirming nasal surgery at a single tertiary care center from March 2016 to July 2022. Pre‐ and postoperative photographs were analyzed, using iris width to normalize the measurements. Parametric tests were applied to identify differences in facial analytical measures.ResultsA total of 33 male to female transgender patients met the inclusion criteria for study entry. Reductive rhinoplasty techniques were frequently utilized. Osteotomies and dorsal reduction were performed in 90.9% and 72.7% of cases, respectively. Tip width decreased on average by 2.3 mm. There was a mean increase of 10.0° in nasolabial angle, and 5.5° increase in nasofrontal angle. Among the 51.5% of patients who underwent alar base reduction, there was a mean decrease of 2.3 mm in alar base width, and 3.1 mm decrease in nasal width. Alar base excision and nasal tip grafting were utilized in 51.5% and 63.6% cases respectively.ConclusionsTransfemale gender‐affirming rhinoplasty techniques consistently and predictably altered facial analytical measures, and were effective in aligning nasal appearance with desired gender identity. Alar base excision and tip grafting were commonly employed techniques.Level of EvidenceLevel 4—Quantitative cohort study Laryngoscope, 2024
Cochlear nerve visualization in Normal anatomy and inner ear malformations
Authors: Assiri Majed , Khurayzi Tawfiq , Almuhawas Fida , Schlemmer Kurt , Hagr Abdulrahman , Dhanasingh Anandhan 
Published: November 2024

AbstractObjectivesThis study aimed to qualitatively evaluate the variations in nerve bundles between patients with normal anatomy and those with inner‐ear anomalies.MethodsMagnetic resonance imaging (MRI) scans of the temporal bones of candidates for cochlear implants (CIs) enrolled at a tertiary center were retrospectively reviewed from the clinical database. The 3.0‐Tesla MRI scans were analyzed using a three‐dimensional slicer to visualize the nerve bundles in the internal auditory canal.ResultsA total of 49 ears were analyzed. Twenty ears exhibited normal inner ear anatomy, whereas 29 ears had various inner‐ear malformations. The cochlear nerve (CN) was visible on all 20 scans with normal inner‐ear anatomy. In addition, the CN was visualized in 18 scans with inner ear malformations. Furthermore, the CN was identified in six of the eight scans with IP type I, whereas in two scans, the CN and vestibular nerve were unclear. Three scans with a common cavity showed only two nerve bundles.ConclusionThe findings of this study show that the CN can be visualized in most inner‐ear anatomical types. Even in severely malformed inner ears, the common nerve bundle that represents the cochlear and vestibular nerves can be visualized. The MRI is highly recommended for CN assessment before CI surgery.Level of EvidenceLevel IV.
High Quality Lithium Niobate Euler Racetrack Resonators
Authors: Kang Shuting , Jia Di , Yu Xuanyi , Gao Feng , Bo Fang , Zhang Guoquan , Xu Jingjun 
Published: November 2024

AbstractRacetrack resonators is widely utilized in integrated photonics which is adaptable for applying electric, heat, or polarization to the resonator for modulation and wavelength conversion. High‐performance optical devices are proposed based on racetrack resonators on thin‐film lithium niobate (TFLN) owing to its multi‐functional character. Nevertheless, mode‐crossing due to the anisotropic properties of lithium niobate degraded the performance of the devices. Here, the systematic investigation of Euler bend structure in TFLN is reported. TFLN Euler racetrack resonators are demonstrated on X‐cut and Z‐cut TFLN with suppressed mode‐crossing, different footprint, and high‐quality factors both in simulation and experiment. The racetrack Euler cavities prepared with a single etching step achieve intrinsic quality factors up to 5.53 million. The standard deviation of free spectral range (FSR) σFSR of Euler cavity is 33 times lower than the circular cavity for small footprint cavities (1328 × 60 µm2) and 5 times lower for large footprint cavities (4355 × 200 µm2) in X‐cut TFLN cavity. The method paves the way for achieving single‐mode racetrack cavities with reduces mode crossing, which can be applied in integrated optical devices such as electro‐optic (EO) comb generation or EO modulator.
Reconfigurable Generation and Spin Manipulation of Structured Beams Based on Cascaded Liquid Crystal Pancharatnam–Berry Phase Elements
Authors: Tian Jibo , Min Li , Chen Yu , Jing Le , Yang Peng , Zeng Kang , Zeng Linzhou , Ke Yougang , Zhou Xinxing 
Published: November 2024

AbstractStructured light, with spatially varying amplitude, phase, and polarization, has attracted widespread attention for its potential application in many fields ranging from optical communications to imaging. However, it remains a challenge to realize reconfigurable manipulation of structured light beams in a compact and convenient method. Here, through mechanical operations on the two cascaded liquid crystal Pancharatnam–Berry phase elements such as rotation and translation, diverse kinds of typical structured light can be experimentally generated in a reconfigurable manner, including Gaussian, Hermitian–Gaussian, vortex, and cylindrical vector beams. Moreover, by rotating a liquid crystal element, tunable photonic spin Hall effect is also achieved in the proposed cascaded‐elements scheme, which allows for tailoring the spin‐dependent shifts in the structured beams. In such a reconfigurable generator, the mechanical operations on the phase element bring new degrees of freedom into the manipulation of structured light field, which may pave the avenue for future optical applications.
Non‐Hermitian Loss‐driven Broadband Low‐Loss on‐Chip Terahertz Photonic SPDT Switch
Authors: Ren Hang , Zhang Xu‐Lin , Lyu Zhidong , Chen Hong , Song Ya‐Qi , Wang Lei , Yu Yong‐Sen , Yu Xianbin , Chen Qi‐Dai , Xu Su 
Published: November 2024

AbstractTerahertz photonic single‐pole double‐throw (SPDT) switches, which facilitate on‐chip channel control and signal routing, serve as the key components of future terahertz communication and sensing systems. However, broadband and low‐loss on‐chip photonic SPDT switches still present a formidable challenge due to the restricted capability of manipulating terahertz waves in photonic circuits. Here, a non‐Hermitian loss‐driven solution is proposed for achieving broadband and low‐loss terahertz on‐chip photonic SPDT switches. As proof of concept, an all‐silicon terahertz SPDT switching chip is experimentally demonstrated around the center frequency of 125 GHz with a relative bandwidth of 7.2%. The two paths are driven by external optical pumping and evolve adiabatically around an exceptional point (EP) in the unbroken and broken PT‐symmetric phases. Interestingly, the strong non‐Hermitian loss instead enforces the photonic modes to the low‐loss energy level and thereby keeps the switch working at the low‐loss transmission status. As a result, the minimum optical powers require for the ultrafast terahertz communications are only −2 and 1 dBm. Both channels of the SPDT switch support on‐chip 16‐QAM streams with a 36‐Gbit s−1 data rate. The design as a basic building block is anticipated for a myriad of on‐chip applications, including 6G communications, detection, and sensing.