bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Complex analysis between CV modes and OAM modes in fiber systems
Authors: Mao Baiwei , Liu Yange , Zhang Hongwei , Yang Kang , Han Ya , Wang Zhi , Li Zhaohui 
Published: December 2018

Abstract
As two groups of bases in fibers, cylindrical vector (CV) modes and the orbital angular momentum (OAM) modes can be transformed into each other. Several transformation relations have been studied in previous works, such as

σ
^

+

O
A

M

+
l

=
H

E

l
+
1
,
m

e
v
e
n

+
i
H

E

l
+
1
,
m

o
d
d

.

${\hat \sigma ^ + }OA{M_{ + l}} = HE_{l + 1,m}^{even} + iHE_{l + 1,m}^{odd}.$

However, these relations are discussed in the limitation of equal amplitude, limited phase difference

(

k
π

2

,

k
∈
Z

)

$\left( {{{k\pi } \over 2},{\rm{ }}k \in Z} \right)$

and finite (generally two) mode bases. Complete connection between the CV and OAM modes has not been found. In this paper, a four-dimensional complex space model is constructed to describe arbitrary CV and OAM modes. The reliability of the model is verified by previously reported results and our experiment results. The complete transformation relation between the CV modes and OAM modes is well described in the model. Furthermore, two common kinds of relations have been researched, that is, a single arbitrary polarized OAM mode and two arbitrary orthogonal polarized OAM modes and their corresponding CV modes. These two kinds of states include most of previously reported states, and some new states have not been reported.
A series of Keggin- and Wells-Dawson-polyoxometalate-based compounds constructed from oxygen-functional imidazole derivatives
Authors: Ying Jun , Mou Hai-Chen , Liu Jia-Ni , Liu Gui-Ying , Ji Xue-Bin , Li Ting-Ting , Tian Ai-Xiang 
Published: December 2018

Abstract
Through the use of two kinds of imidazole derivatives containing different O-functional units, three new Keggin- and one Wells-Dawson-polyoxometalate (POM)-based compounds, namely [Cu2
La

4(HPW12O40)] (1), [CuLa

4(H2O)2(HPMo12O40)] (2), [Cu2
La

7(H2O)(H2P2W18O62)]·La
(3), [Ag2(Lb

4)(HPMo12O40)]·Lb
·H2O (4)(La= (4-(2,5-dihydro-1H-imidazol-1-yl)benzaldehyde), and Lb
=(4-(2,5-dihydro-1H-imidazol-1-yl)benzoic acid), were synthesized and characterized using single-crystal X-ray diffraction, elemental analyses, and infrared spectroscopy. The polyoxoanions occupy holes framed by two symmetrically oriented CuLa

2 units in 1. In compound 2, the square-planar CuLa

4 units form a two-dimensional (2D), supramolecular grid through π···π stacking interactions. The POMs occupy vacancies in this grid. In compound 3, the CuLa

3 subunits connect the neighboring P2W18 units and an “S”-type chain is formed. Through hydrogen bonding interactions, the chains are connected to form a layer. In compound 4, the POM anions are linked by AgLb

2 subunits to form a chain. All the chains are tied together to construct a layer structure with weak hydrogen bonding interactions between the terminal carboxylic acid functional groups of ligands Lb
. The electrocatalytic and photocatalytic activities of all these four compounds were also studied.
Prefrontal–Bed Nucleus Circuit Modulation of a Passive Coping Response Set
Authors: Johnson Shane B. , Emmons Eric B. , Lingg Ryan T. , Anderson Rachel M. , Romig-Martin Sara A. , LaLumiere Ryan T. , Narayanan Nandakumar S. , Viau Victor , Radley Jason J. 
Published: December 2018

One of the challenges facing neuroscience entails localization of circuits and mechanisms accounting for how multiple features of stress responses are organized to promote survival during adverse experiences. The rodent medial prefrontal cortex (mPFC) is generally regarded as a key site for cognitive and affective information processing, and the anteroventral bed nuclei of the stria terminalis (avBST) integrates homeostatic information from a variety of sources, including the mPFC. Thus, we proposed that the mPFC is capable of generating multiple features (endocrine, behavioral) of adaptive responses via its influence over the avBST. To address this possibility, we first optogenetically inhibited input to avBST from the rostral prelimbic cortical region of mPFC and observed concurrent increases in immobility and hypothalamo–pituitary–adrenal (HPA) output in male rats during tail suspension, whereas photostimulation of this pathway decreased immobility during the same challenge. Anatomical tracing experiments confirmed projections from the rostral prelimbic subfield to separate populations of avBST neurons, and from these to HPA effector neurons in the paraventricular hypothalamic nucleus, and to aspects of the midbrain periaqueductal gray that coordinate passive defensive behaviors. Finally, stimulation and inhibition of the prelimbic–avBST pathway, respectively, decreased and increased passive coping in the shock-probe defensive burying test, without having any direct effect on active coping (burying) behavior. These results define a new neural substrate in the coordination of aresponse setthat involves the gating of passive, rather than active, coping behaviors while restraining neuroendocrine activation to optimize adaptation during threat exposure.SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENTThe circuits and mechanisms accounting for how multiple features of responses are organized to promote adaptation have yet to be elucidated. Our report identifies a prefrontal–bed nucleus pathway that organizes aresponse setcapable of gating passive coping behaviors while concurrently restraining neuroendocrine activation during exposure to inescapable stressors. These data provide insight into the central organization of how multiple features of responses are integrated to promote adaptation during adverse experiences, and how disruption in one neural pathway may underlie a broad array of maladaptive responses in stress-related psychiatric disorders.
ARL13B, a Joubert Syndrome-Associated Protein, Is Critical for Retinogenesis and Elaboration of Mouse Photoreceptor Outer Segments
Authors: Dilan Tanya L. , Moye Abigail R. , Salido Ezequiel M. , Saravanan Thamaraiselvi , Kolandaivelu Saravanan , Goldberg Andrew F.X. , Ramamurthy Visvanathan 
Published: December 2018

Mutations in the Joubert syndrome-associated small GTPase ARL13B are linked to photoreceptor impairment and vision loss. To determine the role of ARL13B in the development, function, and maintenance of ciliated photoreceptors, we generated a pan-retina knock-out (Six3-Cre) and a rod photoreceptor-specific inducible conditional knock-out (Pde6g-CreERT2) of ARL13B using murine models. Embryonic deletion of ARL13B led to defects in retinal development with reduced cell proliferation. In the absence of ARL13B, photoreceptors failed to develop outer segment (OS) membranous discs and axonemes, resulting in loss of function and rapid degeneration. Additionally, the majority of photoreceptor basal bodies did not dock properly at the apical edge of the inner segments. The removal of ARL13B in adult rod photoreceptor cells after maturation of OS resulted in loss of photoresponse and vesiculation in the OS. Before changes in photoresponse, removal of ARL13B led to mislocalization of rhodopsin, prenylated phosphodiesterase-6 (PDE6), and intraflagellar transport protein-88 (IFT88). Our findings show that ARL13B is required at multiple stages of retinogenesis, including early postnatal proliferation of retinal progenitor cells, development of photoreceptor cilia, and morphogenesis of photoreceptor OS discs regardless of sex. Last, our results establish a need for ARL13B in photoreceptor maintenance and protein trafficking.SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENTThe normal development of photoreceptor cilia is essential to create functional, organized outer segments with stacked membrane discs that house the phototransduction proteins necessary for sight. Our study identifies a complex role for ARL13B, a small GTPase linked to Joubert syndrome and visual impairment, at various stages of photoreceptor development. Loss of ARL13B led to defects in retinal proliferation, altered placement of basal bodies crucial for components of the cilium (transition zone) to emanate, and absence of photoreceptor-stacked discs. These defects led to extinguished visual response and dysregulated protein trafficking. Our findings show the complex role ARL13B plays in photoreceptor development, viability, and function. Our study accounts for the severe retinal impairment observed in ARL13B-linked Joubert syndrome patients.
Upregulation of Anandamide Hydrolysis in the Basolateral Complex of Amygdala Reduces Fear Memory Expression and Indices of Stress and Anxiety
Authors: Morena Maria , Aukema Robert J. , Leitl Kira D. , Rashid Asim J. , Vecchiarelli Haley A. , Josselyn Sheena A. , Hill Matthew N. 
Published: December 2018

Increased anandamide (AEA) signaling through inhibition of its catabolic enzyme fatty acid amide hydrolase (FAAH) in the basolateral complex of amygdala (BLA) is thought to buffer against the effects of stress and reduces behavioral signs of anxiety and fear. However, examining the role of AEA signaling in stress, anxiety, and fear through pharmacological depletion has been challenging due to the redundant complexity of its biosynthesis and the lack of a pharmacological synthesis inhibitor. We developed a herpes simplex viral vector to rapidly yet transiently overexpress FAAH specifically within the BLA to assess the impact of suppressing AEA signaling on stress, fear, and anxiety in male rats. Surprisingly, FAAH overexpression in BLA dampened stress-induced corticosterone release, reduced anxiety-like behaviors, and decreased conditioned fear expression. Interestingly, depleting AEA signaling in the BLA did not prevent fear conditioning itself or fear reinstatement. These effects were specific to the overexpression of FAAH because they were reversed by intra-BLA administration of an FAAH inhibitor. Moreover, the fear-suppressive effects of FAAH overexpression were also mitigated by intra-BLA administration of a low dose of a GABAAreceptor antagonist, but not an NMDA/AMPA/kainate receptor antagonist, suggesting that they were mediated by an increase in GABAergic neurotransmission. Our data suggest that a permissive AEA tone within the BLA might gate GABA release and that loss of this tone through elevated AEA hydrolysis increases inhibition in the BLA, which in turn reduces stress, anxiety, and fear. These data provide new insights on the mechanisms by which amygdalar endocannabinoid signaling regulates emotional behavior.SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENTAmygdala endocannabinoid signaling is involved in the regulation of stress, anxiety, and fear. Our data indicate that viral-mediated augmentation of anandamide hydrolysis within the basolateral amygdala reduces behavioral indices of stress, anxiety, and conditioned fear expression. These same effects have been previously documented with inhibition of anandamide hydrolysis in the same brain region. Our results indicate that the ability of anandamide signaling to regulate emotional behavior is nonlinear and may involve actions at distinct neuronal populations, which could be influenced by the basal level of anandamide. Modulation of anandamide signaling is a current clinical therapeutic target for stress-related psychiatric illnesses, so these data underscore the importance of fully understanding the mechanisms by which anandamide signaling regulates amygdala-dependent changes in emotionality.
Adjusting preoperative risk models of post heart transplant survival to a European cohort in the age of a new cardiac allocation score in Europe
Authors: Sargut Tarik Alp , Pergantis Panagiotis , Knosalla Christoph , Knierim Jan , Hummel Manfred , Falk Volkmar , Schoenrath Felix 
Published: December 2018

Background
Several risk models target the issue of posttransplant survival, but none of them have
been validated in a large European cohort. This aspect is important, in a time of the planned change of the Eurotransplant allocation system to a scoring system.
Material and Methods
Data of 761 heart transplant recipients from the Eurotransplant region with a total follow up of 5027 patient-years were analyzed. We assessed 30-day to 10-year freedom from graft failure. Existing post-transplant mortality risk models, IMPACT, Meld-XI and Columbia Risk Stratification Score were (RSS) were evaluated. A new risk model was created and the predictive accuracy was compared with the existing risk scores, with a focus on LVAD patients.
Results
Thirty-day, 1-year, 5-year and 10-year rates of freedom from graft failure were 78.3±1.5%, 68.8±1.71%, 59.1±1.8% and 44.1±1.9. The 1-year incidence of graft failure varied from 14.1% to 50% (RSS), from 22.9% to 57.1 (IMPACT) and from 24.9% to 42.6% using MELD-XI. Our newly adjusted risk score showed an improved area under the curve (AUC) of 0.69 (95% CI 0.64-0.72) with better discrimination in the intermediate to moderate risk cohort (CABDES Score).
Conclusion
IMPACT, Meld-XI and RSS were suitable to predict posttransplant graft failure only in a high and low risk cohort. CABDES Score, might be an alternative scoring system, with donor age and eGFR beeing the strongest predictors. Implementation of the IMPACT score within the new Eurotransplant Cardiac Allocation Score for patient prioritization for heart transplantation, should be reevaluated.
Žydų muziejus Vilniuje: pirmieji bandymai įprasminti trauminę patirtį ir skatinti tvarią atmintį
Authors: Latvytė-Gustaitienė Neringa 
Published: December 2018

[full article and abstract in Lithuanian; abstract in English]
The Jewish Museum in Vilnius, founded in the autumn on 1944 upon the initiative of the Holocaust survivors, played a special place in the collective memory of Litvaks. It was the first and unique attempt in Eastern Europe to (publicly) present the massive killings of Jews by the Nazi and local collaborators, primarily by shooting, and by annihilating themat Nazi concentration camp gas chambers, the plunder of cultural and spiritual values, and the efforts of survivors to collect and preserve Jewish heritage remnants. The museum became a certain genius loci, that is, a lively place giving both material and mental meaning to the Jewish community, creating emotions, providing a certain sense of security and encouraging dialogue. Unfortunately, the Soviet government failed to understand the uniqueness of the museum and appreciate the importance of its activities. This memory institution was closed down in 1949, in the midst of an anti-Semitic campaign. The collections and exhibits accumulated in the museum were distributed to Lithuanian museums, archives and libraries. Thus, the Jewish history, culture and traditions and the very theme of mass murder of the Jews were pushed to the margins of history for the period of 40 years.
(De)codable with double-memory standards, the so-called counter-memory of kitchen communities or reprocessed memory was rather wretchedly presented in public were maintained as a counterweight to the hegemonic narrative. It was under the influence of the latter that in September of 1989 the Lithuanian State Jewish Museum was restored. The first exhibition named “Catastrophe”, mounted in the newly restored museum, was the only Holocaust exhibition in the former Soviet bloc countries. Later it was granted the status of a separate museum branch, called the Holocaust exposition. Renovated in 2010, the exhibition has retained the features of the post-war Jewish Museum exhibition. As such, it attracts a lot of visitors and encourages sustainable memory.
The aim of the article is to introduce the circumstances related to the establishment of the post-war Jewish Museum in Vilnius, distinguishing its peculiarities by demonstrating the attempts and methods of the Holocaust survivors to publicly introduce the traumatic experiences of the community, as opposed to the discourse shaped by the Soviet regime, as well as showing the exclusivity of the memory institution itself in today’s society.
The time-fractional mZK equation for gravity solitary waves and solutions using sech-tanh and radial basic function method
Authors: Guo Min , Dong Haoyu , Liu Jianxin , Yang Hongwei 
Published: December 2018

In recent years, we know that gravity solitary waves have gradually become the research spots and aroused extensive attention; on the other hand, the fractional calculus have been applied to the biology, optics and other fields, and it also has attracted more and more attention. In the paper, by employing multi-scale analysis and perturbation methods, we derive a new modified Zakharov–Kuznetsov (mZK) equation to describe the propagation features of gravity solitary waves. Furthermore, based on semi-inverse and Agrawal methods, the integer-order mZK equation is converted into the time-fractional mZK equation. In the past, fractional calculus was rarely used in ocean and atmosphere studies. Now, the study on nonlinear fluctuations of the gravity solitary waves is a hot area of research by using fractional calculus. It has potential value for deep understanding of the real ocean–atmosphere. Furthermore, by virtue of the sech-tanh method, the analytical solution of the time-fractional mZK equation is obtained. Next, using the above analytical solution, a numerical solution of the time-fractional mZK equation is given by using radial basis function method. Finally, the effect of time-fractional order on the wave propagation is explained.
Effect of Sequence Distribution of Oxadiazole Moieties on Luminescence in a Poly(Phenylene-Vinylene) Derivative
Authors: Vaidyanathan Subramanian , Galvin Mary E. 
Published: December 2018

AbstractIn order to realize the vast potential offered by semiconducting polymers in emissive display technologies, it is important to understand the structure-property relationships that govern their performance. This paper will focus on one such relationship in the most widely studied class of polymers viz. poly(phenylene-vinylene) (PPV) derivatives. We have synthesized oxadiazole containing PPV copolymers varying the composition and sequence distribution of the oxadiazole moiety in the chain. We find that a statistically random copolymer performs 50% better in EL efficiency than the corresponding alternating copolymer with the same chemical composition, and 3 times better than the homopolymer without any oxadiazole moieties.
Investigation of Using Contact and Non-contact Printing Technologies For Organic Transistor Fabrication
Authors: Zhang Jie , Brazis Paul , Chowdhuri A. Roy , Szczech John , Gamota Dan 
Published: December 2018

AbstractLow cost, high volume manufacturing processes are envisioned for solution processable organic semiconductor integrated circuits (IC) fabrication. The organic IC may be the low cost solution for driving electronic devices, i.e. smart cards, RFID tags, flexible displays, personal area networks, and body area networks. This study investigated the manufacturability of organic electronics (organic field effect transistors (OFETs), organic light emitting diodes (OLEDs), etc.) using commercially available printing technologies and materials systems qualified for use in microelectronic products. The evaluated contact printing technologies were pad printing and screen-printing; the non-contact printing technologies were ink jetting and micro dispensing. The material system selection for transistor structures and active layers was based on printing technology requirements and commercial availability. The materials were polymer thick film conductors and insulators, conductive nano-particle suspensions, and organic polymer systems. A series of material property characterization and printing process development studies were conducted. Several OFET designs were created and functional all printed organic transistors were demonstrated. The device electrical performance was characterized.
Veiledning i lærerstudenters praksisopplæring – et bidrag til læring og utvikling?
Authors: Luthen Geir , Kolstad Olav 
Published: December 2018

Denne studien er gjennomført på bakgrunn av et målrettet samarbeid mellom to videregående skoler og en lærerutdanningsinstitusjon med en målsetting om å styrke og utvikle en bedre sammenheng mellom praksisopplæring, pedagogikk og didaktikk. I teksten retter vi oppmerksomheten mot veiledning som et framtredende element i samarbeidet mellom de tre institusjonene. Vi støtter oss hovedsakelig til sentral teori om veiledning (Lauvås & Handal, 2014), teori som dreier om utvikling av det tredje rom (Zeichner, 2010) og om koherens i lærerutdanning (Raaen, 2014). Det metodologiske grep er deltakende aksjonsforskning, og datainnsamlingsmetoden som er tatt i bruk benevnes som brevmetoden (Berg, 2003). I artikkelen viser vi til og drøfter funn som tyder på at ganske ulike tilnærminger til måter å veilede på, kan bidra til læring og utvikling, og at praksislærers veiledningsfaglige kompetanse er avgjørende for kvaliteten på veiledningsøktene. Videre tyder funnene på at lærerstudenter ikke setter pris på monologisk og kontrollfiksert veiledning. Funnene avdekker også at praksislærere ser det som en naturlig del av sitt ansvar å veilede studenter inn i lærerprofesjonen. Både studenter og praksislærere gir uttrykk for at de opplever trepartsamtalen som særdeles verdifull og læringsfremmende, samtidig som tid og ressurser i veiledningen oppleves som kritiske suksessfaktorer.

This study has been carried out based on a targeted collaboration between two upper secondary schools and a teacher education institution. The goal is to develop a more coherent teacher education. In this article we focus on mentoring, because we consider it to be a crucial factor for making the collaborative quality between the three institutions better, as well as increasing the students’ learning outcomes of their practicums. We rely mainly on central theory about mentoring (Lauvås & Handal, 2014), theory concerning the development of ‘the third space’ (Zeichner, 2010) and coherence in teacher education (Raaen, 2014). The methodological approach is participatory action research, and the letter method is used to collect data (Berg, 2003). Findings show that rather different mentoring approaches can contribute to learning and development, and that the quality of the mentoring sessions depends highly on the mentors’ competence. Furthermore, we find that students do not appreciate monologue and control-oriented mentoring. The findings also show that the school mentors consider guiding the students into the teacher profession as an obvious part their work-obligation. Both students and mentors agree upon that the three angled conversation between the student, the practicum teacher and the mentor from the teacher training institution is particularly valuable and learning-promoting, while enough time and resources are considered to be crucial for success.
Optimization Of Extraction Parameters For Folic Acid And Antioxidant Compounds From An Edible Plant (Polygonum Cognatum Meissn) Using Pressurized Liquid Extraction (PLE) System
Authors: ULUSOY Songül , ERDOĞAN Selim , KARASLAN Merve Gökşin , ATEŞ Burhan , ULUSOY Halil İbrahim , ERDEMOĞLU Sema 
Published: December 2018

Madimak (Polygonum cognatum
Meissn.) plant is a wild edible plant with a cosmopolitan distribution and
also traditionally consumed as food in anatolia. This study aims to optimize
the extraction parameters in the pressurized liquid extraction (PLE) system and
to search some beneficial properties of this plant. After the optimal extraction conditions was
determined, the effect of PLE conditions on antioxidant properties was studied
by using plant extracts in terms of total phenolic contents, free radical
scavenging capacities and reducing power. A solvent including 1 M NaOH and
water (1:99), 60 min of extraction time, 40 oC of extraction
temperature and 1500 psi of pressure were optimized and found as the most
productive operating conditions for PLE in the folic acid determination.
Mainly, optimization of PLE conditions were carried out by considering folic
acid amounts. Although antioxidant activity levels differ depending on solvent
components, the similar results were obtained such in the other optimization
parameters.