bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Radiation effects on Single-Photon Avalanche Diodes manufactured in deep submicron CMOS technology
Authors: Campajola M , Di Capua F , Fiore D , Nappi C , Sarnelli E , Gasperini L 
Published: June 2019

Abstract
CMOS Single-Photon Avalanche Diodes (SPADs) have been introduced recently in many scientific applications. This paper reports on the performance, in terms of Dark Count Rate (DCR), of a photo-sensor based on CMOS SPADs. The device has been subjected to an accurate investigation, in order to evaluate its behaviour in a radiation environment. Several irradiation tests were conducted, and a complete survey of their effects on the DCR behaviour has been performed. An overall increase in the DCR level has been measured, meaning that new defects have been introduced in the space charge region of the SPADs. Furthermore, for a fraction of the SPADs, DCR measurements show a Random Telegraph Signal (RTS) temporal pattern.
Microphotoluminescence (μPL) measurements of bidimensional materials in a custom-made setup
Authors: Di Girolamo F.V. , Di Lieto A. , Sottile A. , Roddaro S. , Tonelli M. , Tredicucci A. 
Published: June 2019

Abstract
The continuously growing interest in the so called bidimensional (2D) materials has been accompanied by a parallel development of techniques specifically devoted to manipulating and measuring micro-sized objects. Here a flexible microphotoluminescence (μPL) custom-made setup has been built on purpose: every setup component has been optimized for 2D materials; an automatized system able to perform measurements in different positions of the sample and execute mapping have been made; the dependence of the μPL intensity, peak center and other properties such as the Full Width Half Maximum (FWHM) on the position has been then extracted. The attention has been focused on WS
2 and phosphorene. Optical response has been compared between Chemical Vapor Deposition (CVD) grown WS
2 transferred on graphene and sapphire, especially focusing on the changes in the trion peak. Signatures have been found that can be attributed to photoluminescence from thick (more than five layers) phosphorene flakes.
Graphenic carbon as etching mask: patterning with laser lithography and KOH etching
Authors: Furio A , Stelzer M , Jung M , Neitzert H C , Kreupl F 
Published: June 2019

Abstract
The wet anisotropic etching process is generally used in the field of micromachining (MEMS), particularly for commercial products such as accelerometers. Hard masks like oxide or nitride play a key role in the transfer of patterns to the substrate during the lithography process. This work reports on the use of polycrystalline graphenic carbon as an etch mask for wet chemical processing and outlines a simple method to create patterned structures on (100) silicon wafers. Graphenic carbon (GC) was deposited on the silicon substrate by chemical vapor deposition (CVD) using C2H4 as precursor. The desired pattern was written in the spin-coated negative photoresist using UV laser lithography. Different geometrical shapes were printed on the substrate with dimensions ranging from 10 to 50 micrometers. In the next stage, the O2 plasma etched away the carbon from the area not covered by the photoresist, acting as an additional mask for this and the subsequent processing steps. Finally, the sample was immersed in the KOH bath saturated with isopropanol and the etching rate was evaluated for each crystal plane. Compared to the use of a sacrificial oxide mask, this technique is simpler and produces more reliable results.
Second Magnetization Peak Effect in a Fe(Se,Te) iron based superconductor
Authors: Galluzzi A , Buchkov K , Tomov V , Nazarova E , Leo A , Grimaldi G , Nigro A , Pace S , Polichetti M 
Published: June 2019

Abstract
The iron based superconductor FeSe0.5Te0.5 has been investigated by means of DC magnetic measurements as a function of magnetic field (H). By considering the superconducting m(H) hysteresis loops at different temperatures, the sample shows a strong superconducting signal together with the presence of a peak effect that causes an anomalous increase in the field dependence of the critical current density Jc(H). The presence of the peak effect has been studied by means of the Jc(T) obtained at different magnetic fields starting from the Jc(H) curves. The analysis of the Jc(T) curves shows that the peak effect is due to a crossover from a weak pinning regime to a strong pinning regime.
Monitoring the solid-state dewetting of densely packed arrays of Au nanoparticles
Authors: Magnozzi M , Ferrera M , Canepa M , Bisio F 
Published: June 2019

Abstract
We report a real time, in-situ spectroscopic ellipsometry study of the temperature-induced solid-state dewetting of Au nanowires into nanoparticles. Very large spectral variations are observed at different temperatures. Analysis of the key features in the acquired spectra reveals two different regimes: up to 300 °C the variation in the optical response is dominated by solid-state dewetting, while above that temperature, smaller variations not compatible with such mechanism are visible. Therefore our ellipsometry measurements allow us to determine in real time at which temperature the solid-state dewetting ceases and the morphology of our sample becomes stable. We point out that this observation is possible thanks to the higher sensitiviy of ellipsometry with respect to reflectance/transmittance measurements.
Topological phase diagram of coupled spinless p-wave superconductors
Authors: Maiellaro A , Romeo F , Citro R 
Published: June 2019

Abstract
We investigate the topological properties of a ladder given by two one dimensional p-wave superconductors coupled together site to site by transversal hopping t. For small t, we also derive an effective model whose simpler form is feasible to implement some braiding procedures proposed in the literature.
Development of a Hybrid Coconut Fibre and Multi Reinforcement Epoxy Composite for High Impact Strength
Authors: Mawardi I , Jufriadi  , Hanif  , Nurdin  
Published: June 2019

Abstract
The use of natural fibers as reinforcement in polymer composite materials provides several advantages due to its low density, biodegradable, easily recycled, low price and able to be renewed. To improve the mechanical properties of composites reinforced natural fibres, it needs to substitute with a type of synthetic reinforcement. The purpose of this study was to obtain the impact characteristics of epoxy composite hybrids through multi reinforcement. The hybrid composites fabricated by three variations, namely variation I (Coconut fibre + Eglass + Fabric + Rubber), variation II (Coconut fibre + Eglass-Fabric), and variation III (Coconut fiber + Eglass + Rubber). Short coconut fibre is produced by fibrillation process. Hand layup process was used to prepare the specimens. In each variation, the first layer consists of coir+ Epoxy + Alumina. Impact test is performed to determine the mechanical properties. The results showed that the variation 1 had the highest impact strength of 58.02 kJ/m2 while the lowest impact strength in the variation II, which is 41.13 kJ/m2. The fracture occurred in the form of brittle fracture.
Characterization of Polymeric Foam Composite Reinforced with Empty Fruit Bunch
Authors: Adlie TA , Rizal S , Ali N , Huzni S , Thalib S 
Published: June 2019

Abstract
The use of organic fiber in composite materials has recently become an exciting research object done because it has superior mechanical and thermal properties compared to synthetic fiber. Some of the advantages of using organic fiber on composite materials compared to synthetic fiber are low density, the fiber made from renewable materials that require less energy to produce, lower production costs, less risk on manufacturing processes. The use of Oil Palm Empty Fruit Bunches (EFB) as fiber in this study due to the abundant availability and as an alternative to reducing waste in the palm oil processing industry. The purpose of this research is to know the mechanical, morphological and thermal characteristics of the polymeric foam composite reinforced with empty fruit bunch. Using 10%, 15% and 20% EFB fiber, polyurethane (PU) as a blowing agent and unsaturated polyester resin 157 BTQN-Ex series as a matrix. The tensile test results show the best tensile strength is specimen B (70 wt% resin, 15 wt% polyurethane and 15 wt% EFB). The morphological analysis using Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM) shows that the addition of the percentage of EFB fiber up to 20 wt% affects the cavity formed of polymeric foam composite material where the cavity looks uneven, and it appears that EFB and resin fibers are not well mixed and there are agglomerations of fibers. The result of thermal stability testing using Thermogravimetry Analyzer (TGA) showed that the best thermal stability was specimen C with peak temperature (Tpeak) 356,7 °C in 30 minutes with a mass decrease 66,506%.
Use of Steel Slag with Variations of Fas Compressive Strength of Concrete
Authors: Hanif  
Published: June 2019

Abstract
Concrete represents function of structured construction material by water, cement, pebble, sand or habit of supplied with materials growing other (admixture). most influencing parameter of strength of concrete the quality of cement, proportion cement to mixture, strength and hygiene of aggregate, adhesion or interaction between pasta cement with aggregate. Slag represent product of is nonmetal which represent material in form of refinement until big logs, from result of made cool combustion. Compression of slag as harsh aggregate at concrete with proportion of slag vary 0%, 50%, 100%, and variation of fas 0,4; 0,5; 0,6; by using object test cylinder (15x30 cm) counted five samples of each variation and slag of fas be strong depress concrete until 28 days old. To get concrete mixture composition value the method of ACI (American Concrete Institute) is used. The result of strength test heighten strength depress concrete because tendency add it increase of strength depress in FAS 0.4 slag steel 100% depressed mean 44.979 (N/mm2).
Geomorphology and structural geology characterization of landslide prone area in Riau-West of Sumatra Highway
Authors: Cahyaningsih Catur , Crensonni Puja Fransismik , Suryadi Adi , lKausarian Husnu , Choanji Tiggi , Yuskar Yuniarti , Eka Putra Dewandra Bagus 
Published: June 2019

Abstract
Research areas are prone to landslides hazard. Detail location is in the Tanjung Balik area, Pangkalan Koto Baru Sub District, Lima Puluh Kota District, West Sumatra Province. Located is along the Riau – West of Sumatra Province Highway throughout kilometers 10-15. Coordinate are between 00°08’40"-0°11’20"N and 100°45’20"-100°47’00"E. The research objectives determine the geomorphological conditions, drainage patterns, and structural geology in the research area. The methods are geological survey and geomorphological analysis. The results of the analysis concluded that the geomorphology of the research area was classified into two, namely Structural Steep Hills Geomorphology Unit (S2) and Denudation Slightly Steep Hill Geomorphology Unit (D3). The Structural Steep Hills Geomorphology Unit (S2) is in the Southern region of the research area with distribution percentage around 27%, while the Denudation (S2) dominates in the North, West, East and slightly in the South with a distribution percentage around 73%. Drainage pattern is classified as sub-dendritic types. Geological analysis of structures from joint readings shows the main stresses that have relatively north-south direction.
Arsenic removal in groundwater by integrated ozonation and adsorption by activated carbon and zeolite
Authors: Rusmana YF , Notodarmojo S , Helmy Q 
Published: June 2019

Abstract
In this study, we investigated the effectiveness of arsenic removal from groundwater with a hybrid process integrating oxidation with ozone and adsorption with activated carbon and zeolite in a 2 L volume batch reactor. Artificial ground water was used in this study, using sodium arsenite (NaAsO2) as an As (III) source. Artificial ground water is made to resemble natural groundwater conditions which contain 3 mg / L arsenic. The experiment shows that the arsenic adsorption efficiency in integrated ozonation-adsorption process is higher than individual adsorption process. For individual adsorption process, either with GAC or zeolite, both reached maximum removal in 2 hours. For integrated ozonation-adsorption process, adsorption efficiency reached maximum removal in 45-90 minutes. Maximum removals for individual adsorption with adsorbent dose 12.5 g/L are 69% and 55% for GAC and zeolite respectively. Maximum removal for integrated ozonation-adsorption process with adsorbent dose 12.5 g/L and ozone dose 10.1 mg/minute is 99,97% for both cases of ozone-GAC and ozone-zeolite. Total arsenic concentration in solution reached <0.001 mg/L in 90 minutes for both cases of ozone-GAC and ozone-zeolite with adsorbent dose 10 g/L.
Optimization of Lead Ion Adsorption Capacity by Biomass Mixture of Palm Bunches and Rice Husks after Activated with Citric Acid
Authors: Suhendrayatna  , Aprianti M , Elvitriana  , Abdurrahman  
Published: June 2019

Abstract
Optimization of lead ion adsorption rate by biomass mixture of palm bunches and rice husks (PB-RS) after activated with citric acid was carried out with the Design-Expert 6.0.8 software. The purpose of this study was to obtain an optimal response (adsorption rate) which was influenced by several dependent variables (biomass weight ratio, activator concentration, and contact time). Biomass mixture was carbonized in the tube furnace at 500 °C for 2 hours followed chemically activated using citric acid as an activator. The activated carbon formed was contacted with water containing Pb(II) ion. Pb removal rate was measured to observe the biomass performance on Pb(II) ion absorption with various variables including biomass ratio, citric acid concentration, and contact time. Pb(II) ion concentration was analyzed using Atomic Absorption Spectrophotometry, Shimadzu AA-6300 while the optimum adsorption of Pb ion was analyzed using Design Expert 6.0.8 software with Central Composite Design (CCD). The results showed that the variable of mass ratio, activator concentration, and contact time influence the rate of Pb(II) ion adsorption from the water phase. Base on the optimization analysis, the optimum condition of Pb(II) ion adsorption achieved at 30 g of activated PB-RS biomass, activator concentration (citric acid) of 0.6 mol/L, at 99.88 minutes contact time, and at a Pb(II) initial concentration of 99.42 mg/L. In this optimum condition, Pb(II) ion adsorption capacity obtained was 3.01 mg/g.
Formulation of Polyurethane with Bentonite-Chitosan as Filler Applied to Carbon Steel as an Antibacterial and Environmentally Friendly Paint
Authors: Rihayat Teuku , Suryani  , Satriananda  , Riskina Shafira , Syahputra Wildan , Nurhanifa  , Mawaddah  
Published: June 2019

Abstract
The coating material used for the manufacture of polyurethane paint with the addition of bentonite into the matrix can improve thermal capability. The purpose of this study is to produce new material namely hybrid bentonite-chitosan which can be used as a filler for the manufacture of polyurethane paint, chitosan intercalation process into bentonite interlayer and increase the concentration of surfactant against the opening of bentonite interlayer. By varying the CEC of cationic surfactants (0.7 CEC, 1 CEC, and 1.3 CEC) and CEC anionic surfactants (0.1 CEC, 0.2 CEC and 0.3 CEC) to obtain the highest basal spacing, structure, and morphology, several characterization procedures have been carried out. From the results of interlayer bentonite analysis with modification of cationic and anionic surfactants using XRD (X-Ray Diffraction) an increase in basal spacing from 14.18393 Å to 23,00023 Å. While the FTIR (Fourier Transform Infrared) chemical structure of hybrid bentonite-chitosan at a wavelength of2800 cm-1 shows the C-H group, 1025 cm-1 shows the C-O group and polyurethane in the -OH absorption (3445 cm-1 ). This study can produce hybrid bentonite-chitosan material as a filler in the manufacture of polyurethane paint.
Simulation of Performance Comparison between Discrete Wavelet Transform and Discrete Cosine Transform Methods for Radar Signal Processing in High-Noise Area
Authors: Hayati Raisah , Kurnia Rahmadi , Taufik  , Nasri  
Published: June 2019

Abstract
Detection of low signal and determination target locations are tremendously important in the radar system. Performance of radar can be enhanced by improving the signal-to-noise ratio of the received signal at the receiver. In this paper, we demonstrate an algorithm in radar signal processing, due to extract the signal target in the place of noise. This algorithm is based on Discrete Cosines Transform (DCT) and Discrete Wavelet Transform (DWT) methods. DWT signal processing analyses and comparatives with mother wavelet Haar, Daubechies-12, Coiflet-5 and Symlet-8. In addition, DCT signal processing analyses and comparatives with the same window function and uses to restrict the signal. Window function has influenced the signal resolution in frequency domain. Window functions that are used in this research are Rectangular, Hamming, Hanning and Dolph-Chebyshev. The results of the simulation and analysis show that mother wavelet with DWT, wavelet Daubechies-12 and Symlet-8 gives the best performance while mother wavelet Haar gives a bad performance. Wavelet Daubechies-12 gives the biggest signal to noise ratio that is 32.0603 dB. Mother wavelet Symlet-8 gives 32.6589 dB. Mother wavelet Haar gives 14.6692 dB. Testing DCT window function, window Dolph-Chebyshev gives the best performance, which gives the best separation of the signal. Analysis of signal reflection that accepted by radar shows the result that DWT is giving better performance than DCT in breaking of noise.
Investigation of Ascorbic Acid as Environment-Friendly Corrosion Inhibitor of Low Carbon Steel in Marine Environment
Authors: Irwan  , Fuadi Anwar , Suhendrayatna  
Published: June 2019

AbstractThe inhibition effect of ascorbic acid against the corrosion of low carbon steel in the marine environment which is represented by NaCl 3.5% solution was studied by weight loss method. The investigations were conducted at the various concentrations of ascorbic acid and immersion time. The effect of ascorbic acid concentration and immersion time on the corrosion rate and inhibition efficiency were measured. The corrosion rate was calculated by the weight loss of the sample at initial and after immersion in the corrosive medium. The results showed that the ascorbic acid exhibit good corrosion inhibitor for low carbon steel in NaCl 3.5% solution. The rate of corrosion decreased with the increase of ascorbic acid concentration and immersion time. The efficiency inhibition of ascorbic acid on low carbon steel corrosion in NaCl 3.5% increase with the rise of concentration and immersion time, which is the maximum of 85.4% at 50 ppm and 15 days immersion time. The action of inhibition is attributed to the adsorption of the inhibitor molecules on the low carbon steel surface following Langmuir adsorption isotherm.
Fermentation of soybean (Glycine max (l.) merr) using mix inocula of Rhizopus sp. and Sacharomycescereviceae for alternative source of folic acid
Authors: Maryati Y , Susilowati A , Melanie H , Lotulung PD 
Published: June 2019

Abstract
Folic acid (folate) is a water-soluble B vitamin needed by human body for enhancing metabolism and developing body cells. Soybean contains relatively high folate, but it needs cooking process-that may cause a loss of folate-to be edible. Therefore, folate content in soybean can be re-enhanced by fermentation to produce tempe using Rhizopus sp. as inoculum. Development of inoculum by mixing Rhizopus sp. with Saccharomyces cerevisiae yeast was performed to obtain higher folate content. This study was conducted to understand the effects of inoculum ratio in enhancing folic acid content. Rhizopus sp. and Saccharomyces cerevisiae at ratio of 1:0, 1:1, 1:2, and 1:3 were tested for 0-72 h fermentation time with interval of 8 h at 30 °C, at a concentration of inoculum of 0.2 wt-% of soybeans. Results showed that interactions of treatment processes with inoculum ratio and fermentation time affected mycelial growths, tempe appearances, overall compositions, and folate contents. The optimum process conditions based on dissolved protein and folate content (1.67 mg/mL and 381 μg/mL, respectively) was at a ratio of 1:3 for 72 h.
Optimization of Nurse Scheduling Problem using Genetic Algorithm: A Case Study
Authors: Andriansyah  , Alfadilla N , Sentia PD , Asmadi D 
Published: June 2019

Abstract
Nurse scheduling problem is an essential problem in hospital, especially in emergency department. Emergency department is very busy unit in hospital because it receives patients in emergency situation, therefore nurses in this department are obliged to be ready for 24 hours. Working hours allocation of nurses in this department is not equally, so nurse’s preferences cannot be fulfilled yet. In this study, genetic algorithms are used to minimize unfulfilled preferences of nurse that called violations. Genetic algorithm represents solution candidate using random chromosomes. The selection used is elitist, the crossover used is one point cut crossover, and mutation used is reciprocal exchange mutation. Based on experiment, the optimal parameters are obtained, size of population is 80, mutation rate is 0.01, and iteration is 10000. Result is schedule of nurses for 30 days in emergency department that generated 74 violations.
Effect of Clove Essential Oil Addition on Characteristics of Cassava Starch Bioplastic Film Incorporated Zinc Oxide-Organoclay as Reinforcement
Authors: Harunsyah  , Yunus M. , Fauzan Reza 
Published: June 2019

Abstract
The main objective of this study is to improve mechanical properties of bioplastic film and resistant to bacteria by the addition of percent ratio Zinc Oxide/Organoclay (ZnO/Clay) nanoparticles as enforcement and clove essential oil. All bioplastic film was formed by casting method. The addition of clay nanoparticles in the plastic films was varied from 1:9%, 2:8%, 3:7%, 4:6%, and 5:5% (w/w) by weight of starch. Structural characterization was done by Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR). Surface morphologies of the plastic film were examined by scanning electron microscope (SEM). The result showed that the Tensile strength (TS) was improved significantly with the addition of ZnO/Clay nanoparticles. The optimum tensile strength obtained was 20.87 MPa on the additional of ZnO/Clay nanoparticles by 0.3:0.7% and plasticizer by 25%. Based on data of FTIR, the produced film plastic does not change the group function and it can be concluded that the interaction in biodegradable plastic produced was only a physical interaction. The biodegradable plastic based on cassava starch-ZnO/Clay nanoparticles and plasticizer glycerin showed that interesting mechanical properties being transparent and clear.