bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Anastomotic Leakage After Stoma Reversal Combined with Incisional Hernia Repair
Authors: Baastrup Niklas N. , Hartwig Morten F. S. , Krarup Peter‐Martin , Jorgensen Lars N. , Jensen Kristian K. 
Published: November 2018

AbstractBackgroundStoma reversal in patients with an incisional hernia represents a clinical dilemma, as it remains unknown whether hernia repair should be concomitantly employed. We aimed at examining postoperative complications and mortality in patients undergoing stoma reversal with or without concomitant hernia repair.MethodsThis study included all patients subjected to stoma reversal between 2010 and 2016 at our institution. Patients were grouped according to conductance of concomitant incisional hernia repair or not. The primary outcome was anastomotic leak (AL). Secondary outcomes were surgical site occurrences (SSO), overall surgical complications, 90‐day mortality and overall survival.ResultsIn total, 142 patients were included of whom 18 (13%) underwent concomitant hernia repair. The incidence of AL was significantly higher in patients subjected to concomitant hernia repair (four out of 18 [22.2%]) compared with patients undergoing stoma reversal alone (three out of 124 [2.4%], P = 0.002). Additional variables associated with AL were duration of surgery (P < 0.001) and ischemic heart disease (P = 0.039). Twenty‐two patients (15.5%) developed a SSO: eight (44.4%) in the hernia repair group and 14 (11.3%) in the non‐hernia repair group (P < 0.001). In the multivariable analysis, concomitant hernia repair remained significantly associated with development of postoperative complications (OR = 5.92, 95% CI = 1.54–25.96, P = 0.012).ConclusionsCompared with stoma reversal alone, incisional hernia repair concomitant with stoma reversal was associated with a higher incidence of AL and other complications.
Acromion Compromise Does Not Significantly Affect Clinical Outcomes after Reverse Shoulder Arthroplasty: A Matched Case-Control Study
Authors: Werner Brian C. , Gulotta Lawrence V. , Dines Joshua S. , Dines David M. , Warren Russell F. , Craig Edward V. , Taylor Samuel A. 
Published: November 2018

Background The effect of a pre-operative compromised acromion on reverse shoulder arthroplasty (RSA) is not well-studied. Purposes/Questions We sought to determine the effect of a pre-operative compromised acromion on outcomes following RSA. Methods We conducted a retrospective case-control study of consecutive patients who underwent RSA over a 6-year period (June 2007 to June 2013) with a diagnosis of rotator cuff tear arthropathy. Pre-operative plain radiographs were examined to determine the presence of acromion compromise ( n = 11). Acromion compromise was defined as (1) less than 25% of the normal acromion thickness (8.8 mm), (2) less than 50% of the normal acromion anteroposterior width (46.1 mm), (3) presence of an os acromiale, or (4) presence of acromial fragmentation. An age- and sex-matched control cohort without acromial compromise was also identified ( n = 33). The primary outcome variable was the final minimum 2-year American Shoulder and Elbow Surgeons (ASES) score. Secondary outcomes included final minimum 2-year scores on the 12-Item Short-Form Health Survey (SF-12), with the physical component score (PCS) and mental component score (MCS); 2-year Marx shoulder activity scale scores; and final 2-year satisfaction scores. Results At 2 years post-operatively, there were no significant differences in final scores using ASES, SF-12 PCS or MCS, or Marx shoulder activity scale. There were no significant differences between groups for satisfaction scores in any of the assessed domains. No complications were reported at 2 years’ follow-up in any of the study patients or controls. Conclusions Between patients with and without pre-operative acromion compromise, there were no differences in clinical outcomes, satisfaction levels, or complication rates after RSA. Our findings suggest that surgeons performing RSA in the setting of pre-operative acromion compromise, including os acromiale, acromial fragmentation, or severe thinning, should not expect poor post-operative clinical outcomes.
Neurocognition and functional outcome in patients with psychotic, non-psychotic bipolar I disorder, and schizophrenia. A five-year follow-up
Authors: Jiménez-López Estela , Sánchez-Morla Eva María , López-Villarreal Ana , Aparicio Ana Isabel , Martínez-Vizcaíno Vicente , Vieta Eduard , Rodriguez-Jimenez Roberto , Santos José Luis 
Published: November 2018

AbstractBackground:Bipolar disorder (BD) and schizophrenia (SZ) are characterized by neurocognitive and functional deficits with marked heterogeneity. It has been suggested that BD with a history of psychotic symptoms (BD-P) could constitute a phenotypically homogeneous subtype characterized by greater neurocognitive and functional impairments, or by a distinct trajectory of such deficits. The aim of this study was to compare the neurocognitive and functional course of euthymic BD-P, euthymic BD patients without a history of psychosis (BD-NP), stabilized patients with schizophrenia and healthy subjects, during a five-year follow-up.Methods:Neurocognitive and psychosocial function was examined in 100 euthymic patients with BD (50 BD-P, 50 BD-NP), 50 stabilized patients with schizophrenia (SZ), and 51 healthy controls (HC) at baseline (T1), and after a 5-year follow-up (T2).Results:The course of both neurocognitive performance and functional outcome of patients with SZ and BD (BD-P and BD-NP) is stable. The profile of neurocognitive impairment of patients with SZ or BD (BD-P and BD-NP), is similar, with only quantitative differences circumscribed to certain domains, such as working memory. The subgroup of patients with BD-NP does not show functional deterioration.Conclusions:We have not found evidence of progression in the neurocognitive or psychosocial impairment in any of the three groups of patients, although it cannot be dismissed the possibility of a subset of patients with a progressive course. Other longitudinal studies with larger samples and longer duration are necessary to confirm these findings.
“Our lab is the community”: Defining essential supporting infrastructure in engagement research
Authors: Nease Donald E. , Burton Dee , Cutrona Sarah L. , Edmundson Lauren , Krist Alex H. , Laws Michael Barton , Tamez Montelle 
Published: November 2018

IntroductionEffective patient engagement is central to patient-centered outcomes research. A well-designed infrastructure supports and facilitates patient engagement, enabling study development and implementation. We sought to understand infrastructure needs from recipients of Patient-Centered Outcomes Research Institute (PCORI) pilot grant awards.MethodsWe surveyed recipients of PCORI pilot project awards on self-perceived strengths in engagement infrastructure through PCORI’s Ways of Engaging-Engagement Activity Tool survey, and interviewed leaders of 8 projects who volunteered as exemplars. Descriptive statistics summarized the survey findings. We conducted a thematic analysis of the interview transcripts.ResultsOf the 50 surveyed pilots, 22 answered the engagement infrastructure questions (44% response rate). Survey and interview findings emphasized the importance of committed institutional leadership, ongoing relationships with stakeholder organizations, and infrastructure funding through Clinical and Translational Science Awards, PCORI, and institutional discretionary funds.ConclusionsThese findings highlight the importance of and how to improve upon existing institutional infrastructure.
The Angolan Pandemic Rapid Response Team: An Assessment, Improvement, and Development Analysis of the First Self-sufficient African National Response Team Curriculum
Authors: Owens Michael D. , Rice Jason 
Published: November 2018

ABSTRACTObjectiveThe purpose of this study was to assess, through participant self-assessment, the effectiveness of a rapid response team curriculum based on the World Health Organization (WHO) Ebola Virus Disease Consolidated Preparedness Checklist, Revision 1.MethodsA pre-and-post survey for the purpose of process improvement assessment involving 44 individuals was conducted in Angola. The survey was conducted before and after a 6-day training workshop held in Luanda, Angola, in December 2017. A paired t-test was used to identify any significant change on six 7-point Likert scale questions with α <.05 (95% CI).ResultsTwo of the 6 questions, “I feel confident the team can effectively work together to accomplish its assigned goals and objectives during a suspected contagious hemorrhagic fever disease outbreak” and “I understand basic pandemic response concepts” changed significantly from the presurvey to the postsurvey. The 4 remaining questions had near statistical significant change or an upward trend.ConclusionThis Angolan rapid response team training curriculum based on WHO guidelines, After Action Reports, and internationally accepted standard operating procedures provides the nation of Angola with the confidence to rapidly respond at the national level to a highly infectious contagion in the region. (Disaster Med Public Health Preparedness. 2019;13:577-581)
Adapting or Freezing? Ideological Reactions of Communist Regimes to a Post-Communist World
Authors: Dukalskis Alexander , Gerschewski Johannes 
Published: November 2018

AbstractThis article studies the ideological reactions of communist regimes to the advent of a post-communist world. It examines two cases of reformed communist regimes (China and Vietnam) with two relatively unreformed cases (North Korea and Cuba) to understand different legitimation strategies employed during and after the downfall of the Soviet Union. Theoretically, the article compares two ideal-type approaches to ideology in autocratic regimes. The first approach emphasizes semantic ‘freezing’ over time. The consistency and coherence of ideology is underlined. The second approach argues that the success of an ideology lies in its ability to be a dynamic, adaptive force that can react with changing circumstances. Four parameters help to distinguish the freeze-frame end from the adaptation pole: (1) the autonomy over semantic changes, (2) the timing, (3) the velocity and (4) the distance that an ideology moves. Using qualitative case-based analysis that is enriched with quantitative text analysis of communist party documents, this article compares these contending conceptions of ideology with each other in the four cases. Sharing similar starting conditions in the 1970s, the article shows how China and Vietnam harnessed a flexible legitimation strategy while North Korea and Cuba adopted a comparatively rigid legitimation approach.
It’s not my job: Compensatory effects of procedural justice and goal setting on proactive preventive behavior
Authors: Ren Run , Simmons Aneika L. , Barsky Adam , See Kelly E. , Gogus Celile Itir 
Published: November 2018

AbstractIn two experiments, we examined the function of procedural justice in signaling individuals’ value to the group by arguing that individuals treated fairly are more likely to engage in proactive preventive behavior, a behavior that involves proactively revising or correcting the mistakes and intentional deceptions of coworkers. In addition, we extend Staw and Boettger’s (1990) work on task revision and demonstrate that procedural justice and goal setting have compensatory effects, such that procedural justice can be combined with performance goals to reap the valuable aspects of goal setting while minimizing some of the unintended side-effects. Our findings also contribute to the ongoing discussion of the mixed effects of goal setting, as well as the effects of multiple goal assignment.
Evolution of the cold gas fraction and the star formation history: Prospects with current and future radio facilities
Authors: Curran S. J. 
Published: November 2018

AbstractIt has recently been shown that the abundance of cold neutral gas may follow a similar evolution as the star formation history. This is physically motivated, since stars form out of this component of the neutral gas and if the case, would resolve the long-standing issue that there is a clear disparity between the total abundance of neutral gas and star-forming activity over the history of the Universe. Radio-band 21-cm absorption traces the cold gas and comparison with the Lyman-α absorption, which traces all of the gas, provides a measure of the cold gas fraction, or the spin temperature, Tspin. The recent study has shown that the spin temperature (degenerate with the ratio of the absorber/emitter extent) appears to be anti-correlated with the star formation density, ψ*, with 1/Tspin undergoing a similar steep evolution as ψ* over redshifts of 0 ≲ z ≲ 3, whereas the total neutral hydrogen exhibits little evolution. Above z ∼ 3, where ψ* shows a steep decline with redshift, there are insufficient 21-cm data to determine whether 1/Tspin continues to follow ψ*. Knowing this is paramount in ascertaining whether the cold neutral gas does trace the star formation over the Universe’s history. We explore the feasibility of resolving this with 21-cm observations of the largest contemporary sample of reliable damped Lyman-α absorption systems and conclude that, while today’s largest radio interferometers can reach the required sensitivity at z ≲ 3.5, the Square Kilometre Array is required to probe higher redshifts.
Divine command theory and psychopathy
Authors: WIELENBERG ERIK J. 
Published: November 2018

AbstractI advance a novel challenge for Divine Command Theory based on the existence of psychopaths. The challenge, in a nutshell, is that Divine Command Theory has the implausible implication that psychopaths have no moral obligations and hence their evil acts, no matter how evil, are morally permissible. After explaining this argument, I respond to three objections to it and then critically examine the prospect that Divine Command Theorists might bite the bullet and accept that psychopaths can do no wrong. I conclude that the Psychopathy Objection constitutes a serious and novel challenge for Divine Command Theory.
AGING AND HEALTH TECHNOLOGY ASSESSMENT: AN IDEA WHOSE TIME HAS COME
Authors: Juzwishin Don , McNeil Heather , Ahn Jeonghoon , Chen Yingyao , Cicchetti Americo , Kume Naoto , Brooks Laura , Stolee Paul 
Published: November 2018

Objectives:With the increase in technologies to support an aging population, health technology assessment (HTA) of aging-related technologies warrants special consideration. At Health Technology Assessment international (HTAi) 2016 and HTAi 2017, an international panel explored interests in HTA focused on aging.Methods:Panelists from five countries shared the state of aging and HTA in their countries. Opportunities were provided for participants to discuss and rate the themes identified by the panelists.Results:In 2016, the highest ranked themes were: (i) identifying unmet needs of older adults that could be met by technology—how can HTA help?; (ii) differences in assessment of aging-related technologies—what is the scope?; and (iii) involvement of older adults and caregivers. These themes became the starting point for discussion in 2017, for which the highest ranked themes were: (i) identification of challenges in HTA and aging; and (ii) approaches to advancing effectiveness of HTA for aging.Conclusion:These discussions allowed for examination of future directions for HTA and aging: engagement of older adults to inform the agenda of HTA and the broader public policy enterprise; a systems approach to thinking about needs of older persons should support the type and level of care desired by the individual rather than the health institutions, and HTA should reflect these desires when evaluating technological aides; and there is potential for health information systems and “big data” to support HTA activities that assess usability of technologies for older adults. We hope to build on the momentum of this community to continue exploring opportunities for aging and HTA.
Long-term variations in the heliosphere
Authors: Owens Mathew J. , Lockwood Mike , Riley Pete , Barnard Luke 
Published: November 2018

AbstractReconstructions of long-term solar variability underpin our understanding of the solar dynamo, potential tropospheric climate implications and future space weather scenarios. Prior to direct spacecraft measurements of the heliospheric magnetic field (HMF) and solar wind, accurate annual reconstructions are possible using geomagnetic and sunspot records. On longer timescales, information about the HMF can be extracted from cosmogenic radionuclide records, particularly 14C in ancient trees and 10Be in ice sheets. These proxies, and what they reveal about the HMF and solar wind, are briefly reviewed here.
Multivariate analysis of intermediate periodicities of the green corona
Authors: Mancuso S. , Lee T. S. , Taricco C. , Rubinetti S. 
Published: November 2018

AbstractSolar activity is observed to fluctuate with time, undergoing a wide range of periodicities from minutes up to thousands of years as evinced from proxies based on cosmogenic isotopes. In this work, we apply Multichannel Singular Spectrum Analysis (MSSA), a data-adaptive, multivariate technique that simultaneously exploits the spatial and temporal correlations of the input data to extract common modes of variability to investigate the intermediate quasi-periodicities of the green coronal emission line at 530.3 nm for the period between 1944 and 2008. A preliminary MSSA analysis confirms the presence of significant quasi-biennial oscillations in the data with amplitude varying significantly with time and latitude. On the other hand, a clear North-South asymmetry is observed both in their intensity and period distribution.
Coronal magnetic field measurements using forbidden emission lines
Authors: Megha A. , Sampoorna M. , Nagendra K. N. , Sankarasubramanian K. 
Published: November 2018

AbstractThe polarization measurement of coronal forbidden emission lines is the most promising method of determining the direction of magnetic fields in the corona. A classical theory for the forbidden lines was presented in Megha et al. (2017) for the case of arbitrary strength magnetic fields. Here we apply that theoretical formalism to study the effect of density distributions, magnetic field configurations, and velocity fields on the Stokes profiles formed in corona. For illustrations we use the atomic parameters of the [Fe xiii] 10747 Å coronal forbidden line.
Turbulent diffusion in the photosphere as observational constraint on dynamo theories
Authors: Abramenko Valentina I. 
Published: November 2018

AbstractWe utilized line-of-sight magnetograms acquired by HMI/SDO to derive the value of turbulent magnetic diffusivity in undisturbed photosphere. Two areas, a coronal hole area (CH) and an area a super-granulation pattern, SG, were analyzed. The behavior of the turbulent diffusion coefficient on time scales of 1000-40000 s and spatial scales of 500-6000 km was explored. Small magnetic elements in both CH and SG areas disperse in the same way and they are more mobile than the large elements. The regime of super-diffusivity is found for small elements (the turbulent diffusion coefficient K growths from 100 to 300 km2 s−1). Large magnetic elements disperse differently in the CH and SG areas. Comparison of these results with the previously published shows that there is a tendency of saturation of the diffusion coefficient on large scales, i.e., the turbulent regime of super-diffusivity gradually ceases so that normal diffusion with a constant value of K ≈ 500 km2 s−1 might be observed on time scales longer than a day. The results show that the turbulent diffusivity should not be considered in modeling as a scalar, the flux- and scale-dependence is obvious.
Energy distribution of solar flare events
Authors: Sen S. , Mangalam A. , Ramesh R. 
Published: November 2018

AbstractThe coronal field typically reorganizes itself to attain a force-free field configuration. We have evaluated the power law index of the energy distribution f(E) = f0E−α by using a model of relaxation incorporating different profile functions of winding number distribution f(w) based on braided topologies. We study the radio signatures that occur in the solar corona using the radio data obtained from the Gauribidanur Radio Observatory (IIA) and extract the power law index by using the Statistic-sensitive nonlinear iterative peak clipping (SNIP) algorithm. We see that the power law index obtained from the model is in good agreement with the calculated value from the radio data observation.
Kinematic and magnetic coherent structures in solar and stellar turbulence
Authors: Chian Abraham C.-L. , Miranda Rodrigo A. , Rempel Erico L. , Schmieder Brigitte 
Published: November 2018

AbstractWe show that on-off intermittency in solar and stellar cycles is a result of amplitude-phase synchronization in multiscale interactions in solar/stellar dynamos or magnetorotational instability which leads to the formation of kinematic and magnetic coherent structures, and the novel techniques of Lagrangian coherent structures can detect transport barriers and vortices such as magnetic flux tubes/ropes in solar and stellar turbulence with high accuracy.
Magnesium II Index measurements from SORCE SOLSTICE and GOES-16 EUVS
Authors: Snow Martin , Machol Janet , Eparvier Francis G. , Jones Andrew R. , McClintock William E. , Woods Thomas N. 
Published: November 2018

AbstractThe solar magnesium II core-to-wing ratio has been a well-studied proxy for chromospheric activity since 1978. Daily measurements at high spectral (0.1 nm) resolution began with the launch of the Solar Radiation and Climate Experiment (SORCE) in 2003. The next generation of measurements from the Extreme Ultraviolet Sensor (EUVS) on the Geostationary Operational Environmental Satellite 16 (GOES-16) will add high time cadence (every 30 seconds) to the observational Mg II irradiance record. We present a comparison of the two measurements during the period of overlap.
Automated Detection Methods for Solar Activities and an Application for Statistic Analysis of Solar Filament
Authors: Hao Q. , Chen P. F. , Fang C. 
Published: November 2018

AbstractWith the rapid development of telescopes, both temporal cadence and the spatial resolution of observations are increasing. This in turn generates vast amount of data, which can be efficiently searched only with automated detections in order to derive the features of interest in the observations. A number of automated detection methods and algorithms have been developed for solar activities, based on the image processing and machine learning techniques. In this paper, after briefly reviewing some automated detection methods, we describe our efficient and versatile automated detection method for solar filaments. It is able not only to recognize filaments, determine the features such as the position, area, spine, and other relevant parameters, but also to trace the daily evolution of the filaments. It is applied to process the full disk Hα data observed in nearly three solar cycles, and some statistic results are presented.
Long-term variations in solar activity and planetary configurations
Authors: Javaraiah J. 
Published: November 2018

AbstractWe have analyzed the data on yearly mean international sunspot number (RZ) during the period 1610 – 2015 and orbital positions (ecliptic longitudes) of the giant planets in each 10-day interval during the period 1600 – 2099. We determined mean absolute difference ($\overline{\psi _D}$) of the orbital positions of the giant planets in each interval. We find that there exits a good correlation between cycle amplitude (RM, i.e. the maximum value of RZ) and the value of $\overline{\psi _D}$ at cycle maximum, suggesting that on longer time scales low/high solar activity associated with less/large spread in orbital positions of the giant planets (i.e. with a low/high value of $\overline{\psi _D}$).