bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Razões para otimismo
Authors: Carvalho Antonio Gledson de 
Published: August 2018

Apesar de o histórico da indústria de private equity e venture capital ainda ser recente no Brasil e apresentar poucos casos de sucesso, as perspectivas para seu crescimento são animadoras. Em perspectiva ampla, esse crescimento dependerá da capacidade da indústria de atrair capital, de uma acurada formação de gestores de venture capital e de uma cultura empreendedora. O artigo arrola outras razões específicas para otimismo em relação a essa indústria nos próximos anos.
Buscapé
Authors: Cruz Tiago de Melo , Videira Raphael Almeida , Xavier Alexander Nogueira 
Published: August 2018

Do ponto de vista institucional, a decisão de uma empresa em receber ajuda externa, na forma de capital empreendedor, por exemplo, implica compartilhar com o investidor os eventos críticos de seu negócio, surgindo consequentes atritos e conflitos de interesse. No entanto, empresas como a brasileira BuscaPé, proprietária de importante site de busca com o mesmo nome, são exemplos de que a relação entre investidor e empreendedor pode ser especialmente benéfica.
Relevância ou rigor?
Authors: Faria Alexandre 
Published: August 2018

Historicamente, nem sempre acadêmicos estiveram próximos e souberam entender as necessidades dos administradores. Por sua vez, nem sempre os administradores reconheceram ou utilizaram o conhecimento produzido nas escolas de negócios pelos acadêmicos. O artigo mostra como essa distância foi provocada pela incapacidade da área de gestão, sobretudo na tradição anglo-americana, para conciliar relevância prática com rigor acadêmico, bem como de conceber um modelo híbrido.
Clubes esportivos
Authors: Rocco Júnior Ary José 
Published: August 2018

Apesar de o futebol ser um dos esportes mais populares no Brasil, ele não gera uma receita financeira à altura. Em parte, o motivo é a baixa profissionalização dos clubes esportivos no país. Gerenciados em formato amador, não conseguem competir com seus congêneres no exterior, onde a profissionalização é mais intensa. O artigo mostra que a gestão de nossos clubes precisa evoluir se quiser acompanhar a importância econômica do futebol na atualidade.
Ronald Ballou [entrevistado por Françoise Terzian]
Authors: Ballou Ronald 
Published: August 2018

Ronald Ballou é professor emérito da Weatherhead School of Management da Case Western Reserve University, EUA. Reconhecida autoridade mundial em logística, o professor Ballou já publicou diversos artigos e livros acadêmicos sobre o tema, além de atuar como consultor. Nesta entrevista, concedida por ocasião de sua passagem pelo Brasil, ele apresenta sua visão sobre as principais dificuldades e desafios da logística no mundo, além de expor suas opiniões sobre a situação brasileira.
Logística e desenvolvimento regional
Authors: Bonassa Antonio Carlos , Avrichir Ilan 
Published: August 2018

A região de Campinas, no interior do Estado de São Paulo, tornou-se um importante pólo de atração de empresas, as quais contribuem para o desenvolvimento econômico e social da região. Em geral, casos como esses são interpretados como fenômenos suscitados por incentivos fiscais e mão-de-obra barata. Este artigo, entretanto, aponta que a principal razão dessa atratividade tem a ver com a ampla eficiência logística observada na região, representada em especial pelo aeroporto de Viracopos.
Educação a Distância
Authors: Maia Marta de Campos 
Published: August 2018

A Educação a Distância (EaD) consiste da união entre tecnologias de informação e comunicação e conteúdos instrucionais que, para funcionar, depende de envolvimento de alunos, professores, instituições de ensino, empresas e governo. Como a maioria dos municípios brasileiros não tem acesso à educação superior, a EaD emerge nesse cenário como alternativa para preencher essa lacuna. O artigo faz um balanço e aponta os desafios da EaD no Brasil e de um de seus subconjuntos, a educação executiva.
Terceirizando para a multidão
Authors: Borges Julio Daio 
Published: August 2018

A multidão que forma hoje a internet está se transformando no estoque de mão-de-obra mais barato e relativamente qualificado de que já se teve notícia. Combinando alta disponibilidade pessoal e conhecimento, essa multidão está sendo empregada por algumas empresas para resolver problemas que os próprios especialistas não podem. Levando o amadorismo ao extremo, esse fenômeno é a versão mais surpreendente de terceirização anônima.
Às sombras do gigante
Authors: Borges Julio Daio 
Published: August 2018

O negócio das buscas na Internet tornou-se uma das mais promissoras apostas da rede. E à sua frente está o Google, o gigante virtual que é referência praticamente obrigatória quando o tema é busca. Contudo, seria o Google imbatível a ponto de abafar qualquer concorrente? A julgar pelo recémlançado portal de busca Mahalo, não. Todavia, o artigo mostraque, para crescer às sombras do Google, o novo portal terá de superar problemas difíceis.
Finanças sustentáveis
Authors: Brito Renata Peregrino de , Gonzalez Farias Lauro Emilio 
Published: August 2018

Os efeitos indesejáveis do crescimento econômico têm preocupado a sociedade civil e suas instituições há algumas décadas, devido aos impactos socioambientais das atividades industriais e à progressiva escassez de recursos naturais. Nesse contexto, os bancos passaram a ser pressionados no sentido de utilizarem variáveis associadas à sustentabilidade em seus processos de concessão de crédito, dando origem ao conceito de finanças sustentáveis.
Os caminhos que nos unem
Authors: Reis Manoel de Andrade e Silva 
Published: August 2018

Embora a integração física entre países sul-americanos deixe a desejar, tanto o Brasil como outros países do continente estão fazendo investimentos em suas infra-estruturas de transportes que trarão incrementos ao comércio intrarregional e à competitividade dos produtos da região no mercado mundial
Long-term outcome of closed reduction in late-detected hip dislocation: 60 patients aged six to 36 months at diagnosis followed to a mean age of 58 years
Authors: Terjesen T. 
Published: August 2018

Purpose The aims of this study on late-detected developmental dislocation of the hip (DDH) were to assess the outcome in patients aged 55 to 60 years and to define prognostic factors. Methods The study included 60 patients (74 hips). Primary treatment was skin traction to obtain closed reduction, followed by hip spica plaster cast. There were 52 girls and eight boys with a mean age at reduction of 19.6 months (8 to 37). Criteria for good long-term outcome were no osteoarthritis (OA) or total hip arthroplasty (THA) and modified Harris Hip Score ≥ 80 points. Results The mean patient age at follow-up was 57.7 years (55 to 60). Good long-term clinical and radiographic outcome occurred in 39 of 73 hips (53%). In all, 24 hips (32%) had undergone THA at a mean patient age of 48.1 years (31 to 58). Survival analysis with conversion to THA as endpoint showed a reduction in survival from 100% at patient age 30 years to 62% at 58 years. Risk factors for poor outcome were age at reduction ≥ 1.5 years and residual dysplasia (Severin grades III/IV) at skeletal maturity. Conclusion With a mean follow-up of patient age 58 years, the outcome of late-detected DDH, treated with traction and closed reduction, was satisfactory in more than half the hips. This indicates that the hip will probably last more than 50 years if risk factors like age at reduction ≥ 1.5 years, residual dysplasia and avascular necrosis are avoided.
The natural history of abnormal ultrasound findings in hips of infants under six months of age
Authors: Sakkers R. , Pollet V. 
Published: August 2018

Purpose To collect and describe data on the natural history of abnormal ultrasound (US) findings in hips of infants under six months of age to serve as a reference to the design of screening programmes and treatment algorithms in the care for children with hip dysplasia. Methods A search in PubMed of the terms “DDH” and “ultrasound” was done to find hips with abnormal US findings that were not treated. In cases of multiple periods of follow-up, the classification of every period was evaluated separately (individual hip follow-up periods). Results Data of 13 561 hips with 16 991 follow-up periods were collected and analyzed. Most quantifiable classifications and follow-up periods were according to Graf (14 876) and a minor number of the hips had follow-up periods with femoral head coverage (FHC) (2115). Normal development without treatment in the first six months was for Graf 2a between 89% and 98%, for Graf 2c between 80% and 100% and for clustered data Graf 2a to 2c between 80% and 97%. For Graf 3 hips more than 50% were reported to develop into normal hips without treatment. As for Graf 4 hips this percentage was reported below 50%. For children with an FHC less than 50%, normalization was reported between 78% and 100%. Conclusion The natural history of developmental dysplasia of the hip (DDH) shows a benign course, especially in the well-centered hips. This outcome probably contributes to the fact that all studies on US screening of hips for detection of relevant DDH in order to improve outcomes of treatment are rated as substantially underpowered.
Universal or selective ultrasound screening for developmental dysplasia of the hip? A discussion of the key issues
Authors: Biedermann R. , Eastwood D. M. 
Published: August 2018

Purpose To summarize recent developments and provide recommendations as to whether universal or selective programmes are advisable. Methods A literature review was performed and preference given to studies with higher levels of evidence. All programmes reviewed included clinical screening. Results Recent studies underline the need for high quality screening programmes to promote the early detection of developmental dysplasia of the hip (DDH). A small number of cases may be missed clinically but with universal ultrasound screening programmes the late presentation rates appear to be virtually zero. Contemporary studies show treatment rates with universal screening programmes which are now lower than those with selective ultrasound. There is little agreement over the criteria used for selective programmes. Alternative outcome measures, such as the first operation rate or the percentage undergoing major (open) surgery are both lowest with universal ultrasound screening programmes. Furthermore, a significant reduction in the rate of surgery for DDH later in life was seen after the introduction of universal ultrasound screening, whereas the defined criteria for selective screening may not detect the majority of patients who require late surgery. Abduction bracing with modern orthoses is associated with a zero rate of avascular necrosis (AVN), whereas closed reduction techniques have an overall risk of 10%. Conclusion On clinical grounds, if future studies confirm that hip abduction in flexible orthoses is not associated with AVN, it may be time for a paradigm shift of screening for DDH towards a universal ultrasound protocol. The costs associated both with each type of screening programme and with the management of late presenting cases are also important but may be secondary to clinical benefit.
Long-term outcome after anterolateral open reduction and Salter osteotomy for late presenting developmental dysplasia of the hip
Authors: Thomas S. R. Y. W. 
Published: August 2018

Introduction Only a handful of studies report outcomes after open reduction for developmental hip dislocation beyond skeletal maturity. For successfully reduced hips it is the outcome into late adulthood on which the results of this intervention should be judged. These studies indicate clearly the importance of preservation of the acetabular growth centres during surgery. The acetabulum must also be addressed when insufficient growth remains reliably to remodel residual dysplasia even after stable, concentric reduction. Summary Comparing the longest-term outcome studies for open reduction to less invasive, but mainly historical, techniques of gradual traction reduction it is unsettling to note that the latter protocols are associated with the best results. Whereas open reduction and innominate osteotomy are practised as originally described by Salter, gradual traction reduction has largely been abandoned. Conclusions There are probably aspects of the more time-consuming methods of gradual reduction that do not violate the hip joint capsule that expose the femoral head to a lower risk of femoral head osteonecrosis leading to better long-term outcomes.
Outcomes following open reduction for late-presenting developmental dysplasia of the hip
Authors: Castañeda P. , Masrouha K. Z. , Ruiz C. Vidal , Moscona-Mishy L. 
Published: August 2018

Purpose Patients with late-presenting developmental dysplasia of the hip (DDH) are more likely to require an open reduction. Since many developing countries do not have mandated screening, there continues to be a relatively high incidence of late-presenting DDH. We report the clinical and radiographic outcomes of open reduction in a series of patients who presented late. Patients and methods This was a retrospective review of 712 hips in 645 patients that underwent open reduction, alone or in combination with a pelvic osteotomy. In all, 91 hips had open reduction alone and 621 had open reduction and pelvic osteotomy. Femoral shortening was performed in 221 hips. The mean age at the time of surgery was 2.1 years (1 to 6.5) and the mean follow-up time was 9.3 years (6 to 14). We used the Children's Hospital Oakland Hip Evaluation Score (CHOHES) to determine functional outcomes and the Severin classification was used to evaluate radiographic outcomes. The rate of avascular necrosis (AVN) and the need for a reoperation were also recorded and analyzed. Results In all 80% (570 hips) had good radiographic outcomes (Severin type I or II) and 87% had a CHOHES score of > 90 at final follow up. There was a 14% rate of AVN and only a 2% rate of redislocation. Better radiographic outcomes and lower reoperation rates were seen with patients who underwent both an open reduction and pelvic osteotomy. A trend was observed towards worse outcomes in older patients. Conclusions There was a high rate of good clinical and radiographic outcomes at a minimum six-year follow-up in patients with late-presenting DDH who underwent open reduction. Those who underwent open reduction in combination with a pelvic osteotomy had a higher rate of good radiographic outcomes and a lower rate of complications, particularly reoperation.
Dega pelvic osteotomy: Indications, results and complications
Authors: Czubak J. , Kowalik K. , Kawalec A. , Kwiatkowska M. 
Published: August 2018

Purpose Developmental dysplasia of the hip (DDH) after walking age is difficult to treat. Dega pelvic osteotomy is combined with open reduction and femoral osteotomy to obtain concentric stable reduction with good coverage of the femoral head. The purpose of this study is to evaluate the use of the Dega osteotomy in the treatment of DDH in two different age groups. Methods A total of 45 patients (52 hips) with a mean age of 3.9 years (1.2 to 12.8) were treated with open reduction, Dega osteotomy and femoral osteotomy. There were 38 dislocated and 14 subluxated hips. Bilateral DDH was observed in seven female patients. Radiographic parameters included acetabular index, centre-edge angle of Wiberg and migration percentage. The final radiographic outcome was evaluated according to the Severin classification. Results The mean follow-up period was four years (3 to 9). According to the Severin criteria 78.8% were types I or II whereas 21.2% showed types III or IV. There was no statistically significant difference in final outcome between children less than three years of age and older children at the time of surgery. One hip in children with unilateral involvement had developed coxa magna, that interfered with hip concentricity. Three hips (5.8%) showed avascular necrosis of the femoral head. Conclusion Dega osteotomy is a safe and adequate procedure for the management of developmental dysplasia of the hip in walking patients with low complication rates. Restoring the acetabulum to normal or nearly normal can result in good medium-term results. Level of Evidence III
Sphingosine Kinase Regulates Neuropeptide Secretion During the Oxidative Stress-Response Through Intertissue Signaling
Authors: Kim Sungjin , Sieburth Derek 
Published: August 2018

The Nrf2 antioxidant transcription factor promotes redox homeostasis in part through reciprocal signaling between neurons and neighboring cells, but the signals involved in intertissue signaling in response to Nrf2 activation are not well defined. InCaenorhabditis elegans, activation of SKN-1/Nrf2 in the intestine negatively regulates neuropeptide secretion from motor neurons. Here, we show that sphingosine kinase (SPHK-1) functions downstream of SKN-1/Nrf2 in the intestine to regulate neuropeptide secretion from motor neurons during the oxidative stress response inC. eleganshermaphrodites. SPHK-1 localizes to mitochondria in the intestine and SPHK-1 mitochondrial localization and kinase activity are essential for its function in regulating motor neuron function. SPHK-1 is recruited to mitochondria from cytosolic pools and its mitochondrial abundance is negatively regulated by acute or chronic SKN-1 activation. Finally, the regulation of motor function by SKN-1 requires the activation of the p38 MAPK cascade in the intestine and occurs through controlling the biogenesis or maturation of dense core vesicles in motor neurons. These findings show that the inhibition of SPHK-1 in the intestine by SKN-1 negatively regulates neuropeptide secretion from motor neurons, revealing a new mechanism by which SPHK-1 signaling mediates its effects on neuronal function in response to oxidative stress.SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENTNeurons are highly susceptible to damage by oxidative stress, yet have limited capacity to activate the SKN-1/Nrf2 oxidative stress response, relying instead on astrocytes to provide redox homeostasis. InCaenorhabditis elegans, intertissue signaling from the intestine plays a key role in regulating neuronal function during the oxidative stress response. Here, through a combination of genetic, behavioral, and fluorescent imaging approaches, we found that sphingosine kinase functions in the SKN-1/Nrf2 pathway in the intestine to regulate neuropeptide biogenesis and secretion in motor neurons. These results implicate sphingolipid signaling as a new component of the oxidative stress response and suggest thatC. elegansmay be a genetically tractable model to study non-cell-autonomous oxidative stress signaling to neurons.
On Wick calculus on spaces of nonregular generalized functions of Levy white noise analysis
Authors: Kachanovsky N.A. 
Published: August 2018

Development of a theory of test and generalized functions depending on infinitely many variables is an important and actual problem, which is stipulated by requirements of physics and mathematics. One of successful approaches to building of such a theory consists in introduction of spaces of the above-mentioned functions in such a way that the dual pairing between test and generalized functions is generated by integration with respect to some probability measure. First it was the Gaussian measure, then it were realized numerous generalizations. In particular, important results can be obtained if one uses the Levy white noise measure, the corresponding theory is called the Levy white noise analysis.
In the Gaussian case one can construct spaces of test and generalized functions and introduce some important operators (e.g., stochastic integrals and derivatives) on these spaces by means of a so-called chaotic representation property (CRP): roughly speaking, any square integrable random variable can be decomposed in a series of repeated Itos stochastic integrals from nonrandom functions. In the Levy analysis there is no the CRP, but there are different generalizations of this property.
In this paper we deal with one of the most useful and challenging generalizations of the CRP in the Levy analysis, which is proposed by E.W. Lytvynov, and with corresponding spaces of nonregular generalized functions. The goal of the paper is to introduce a natural product (a Wick product) on these spaces, and to study some related topics. Main results are theorems about properties of the Wick product and of Wick versions of holomorphic functions. In particular, we prove that an operator of stochastic differentiation satisfies the Leibniz rule with respect to the Wick multiplication. In addition we show that the Wick products and the Wick versions of holomorphic functions, defined on the spaces of regular and nonregular generalized functions, constructed by means of Lytvynov's generalization of the CRP, coincide on intersections of these spaces.
Our research is a contribution in a further development of the Levy white noise analysis.
Invariant idempotent measures
Authors: Mazurenko N. , Zarichnyi M. 
Published: August 2018

The idempotent mathematics is a part of mathematics in which arithmetic operations in the reals are replaced by idempotent operations. In the idempotent mathematics, the notion of idempotent measure (Maslov measure) is a counterpart of the notion of probability measure. The idempotent measures found numerous applications in mathematics and related areas, in particular, the optimization theory, mathematical morphology, and game theory.
In this note we introduce the notion of invariant idempotent measure for an iterated function system in a complete metric space. This is an idempotent counterpart of the notion of invariant probability measure defined by Hutchinson. Remark that the notion of invariant idempotent measure was previously considered by the authors for the class of ultrametric spaces.
One of the main results is the existence and uniqueness theorem for the invariant idempotent measures in complete metric spaces. Unlikely to the corresponding Hutchinson's result for invariant probability measures, our proof does not rely on metrization of the space of idempotent measures.
An analogous result can be also proved for the so-called in-homogeneous idempotent measures in complete metric spaces.
Also, our considerations can be extended to the case of the max-min measures in complete metric spaces.
Some properties of shift operators on algebras generated by $*$-polynomials
Authors: Vasylyshyn T.V. 
Published: August 2018

A $*$-polynomial is a function on a complex Banach space $X,$ which is a sum of so-called $(p,q)$-polynomials. In turn, for non-negative integers $p$ and $q,$ a $(p,q)$-polynomial is a function on $X,$ which is the restriction to the diagonal of some mapping, defined on the Cartesian power $X^{p+q},$ which is linear with respect to every of its first $p$ arguments and antilinear with respect to every of its other $q$ arguments. The set of all continuous $*$-polynomials on $X$ form an algebra, which contains the algebra of all continuous polynomials on $X$ as a proper subalgebra. So, completions of this algebra with respect to some natural norms are wider classes of functions than algebras of holomorphic functions. On the other hand, due to the similarity of structures of $*$-polynomials and polynomials, for the investigation of such completions one can use the technique, developed for the investigation of holomorphic functions on Banach spaces.
We investigate the Frechet algebra of functions on a complex Banach space, which is the completion of the algebra of all continuous $*$-polynomials with respect to the countable system of norms, equivalent to norms of the uniform convergence on closed balls of the space. We establish some properties of shift operators (which act as the addition of some fixed element of the underlying space to the argument of a function) on this algebra. In particular, we show that shift operators are well-defined continuous linear operators. Also we prove some estimates for norms of values of shift operators. Using these results, we investigate one special class of functions from the algebra, which is important in the description of the spectrum (the set of all maximal ideals) of the algebra.