bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Metabolomics: a search for biomarkers of visceral fat and liver fat content
Authors: Boone Sebastiaan , Mook-Kanamori Dennis , Rosendaal Frits , den Heijer Martin , Lamb Hildo , de Roos Albert , le Cessie Saskia , Willems van Dijk Ko , de Mutsert Renée 
Published: October 2019

Abstract

Intoduction
Excess visceral and liver fat are known risk factors for cardiometabolic disorders. Metabolomics might allow for easier quantification of these ectopic fat depots, instead of using invasive and costly tools such as MRI or approximations such as waist circumference.

Objective
We explored the potential use of plasma metabolites as biomarkers of visceral adipose tissue (VAT) and hepatic triglyceride content (HTGC).

Methods
We performed a cross-sectional analysis of a subset of the Netherlands Epidemiology of Obesity study. Plasma metabolite profiles were determined using the Biocrates AbsoluteIDQ p150 kit in 176 individuals with normal fasting plasma glucose. VAT was assessed with magnetic resonance imaging and HTGC with proton-MR spectroscopy. We used linear regression to investigate the associations of 190 metabolite variables with VAT and HTGC.

Results
After adjustment for age, sex, total body fat, currently used approximations of visceral and liver fat, and multiple testing, three metabolite ratios were associated with VAT. The strongest association was the lysophosphatidylcholines to total phosphatidylcholines (PCs) ratio [− 14.1 (95% CI − 21.7; − 6.6) cm2 VAT per SD of metabolite concentration]. Four individual metabolites were associated with HTGC, especially the diacyl PCs of which C32:1 was the strongest at a 1.31 (95% CI 1.14; 1.51) fold increased HTGC per SD of metabolite concentration.

Conclusion
Metabolomics may be a useful tool to identify biomarkers of visceral fat and liver fat content that have added diagnostic value over current approximations. Replication studies are required to validate the diagnostic value of these metabolites.
Deep resistivity “turnover” effect at oil generation “peak” in the Woodford Shale, Anadarko Basin, USA
Authors: Wang Ting , David Jacobi 
Published: October 2019

Abstract
The Devonian Woodford Shale in the Anadarko Basin is a highly organic, hydrocarbon source rock. Accurate values of vitrinite reflectance (Ro) present in the Woodford Shale penetrated by 52 control wells were measured directly. These vitrinite reflectance values, when plotted against borehole resistivity for the middle member of the Woodford Shale in the wells, display a rarely reported finding that deep resistivity readings decrease as Ro increases when Ro is greater than 0.90%. This phenomenon may be attributed to that aromatic and resin compounds containing conjugated pi bonds generated within source rocks are more electrically conductive than aliphatic compounds. And aromatic and resin fractions were generated more than aliphatic fraction when source rock maturity further increases beyond oil peak. The finding of the relationship between deep resistivity and Ro may re-investigate the previously found linear relationship between source rock formation and aid to unconventional play exploration.
Business cycle synchronization: is it affected by inflation targeting credibility?
Authors: Delgado Carlos , Araya Iván , Pino Gabriel 
Published: October 2019

AbstractWe empirically study the impact of inflation targeting credibility on business cycle synchronization with G-7 economies. To do this, we use a sample of 15 inflation targeting countries to develop and calculate a reputation-based credibility measure for long- and short-term memory. By using dynamic multipliers through a panel vector autoregressive model, our main findings indicate that greater credibility allows for greater anchoring of inflation expectations by economic agents. This would lead to a greater effectiveness of monetary policy in stabilizing the evolution of prices, allowing the output gap to be more sensitive to external aggregate demand shocks. Therefore, countries with inflation targeting regimes must develop and maintain credibility for their monetary policy if they want to encourage greater interactions with the rest of the world.
Lie theory for symmetric Leibniz algebras
Authors: Jibladze Mamuka , Pirashvili Teimuraz 
Published: October 2019

Abstract
Lie algebras and groups equipped with a multiplication $$\mu $$μ satisfying some compatibility properties are studied. These structures are called symmetric Lie $$\mu $$μ-algebras and symmetric $$\mu $$μ-groups respectively. An equivalence of categories between symmetric Lie $$\mu $$μ-algebras and symmetric Leibniz algebras is established when 2 is invertible in the base ring. The second main result of the paper is an equivalence of categories between simply connected symmetric Lie $$\mu $$μ-groups and finite dimensional symmetric Leibniz algebras.
Memory effect in silicon nitride deposition using ICPCVD technique
Authors: Kumar Sunil , Rawal D. S. , Malik Hitendra K. , Sanwal Rajeev , Khan S. A. , Vinayak Seema 
Published: October 2019

Abstract
In this study, a plasma-based low-temperature, low-pressure SiN film deposition is investigated for device applications. Ammonia, nitrogen and silane are being used for optimization of the quality of SiN film for device passivation by ICPCVD. Characterization of SiN film is done using elastic recoil detection analysis, AFM, FTIR and ellipsometry. The effect of previous process parameters on subsequent process is called memory effect, which has been investigated by all the characterization techniques. During deposition, this effect has been observed for the same parameters that are used to maintain the stoichiometry of the film. It has been observed that some of the residues of gases used for SiN deposition remain present even after the deposition in the chamber and are carried over for the next deposition process and alter the film property, though parameters such as flow rate, temperature, pressure and time remain fixed. This memory effect alters the film surface roughness and stoichiometry thus affecting device characteristics after passivation.
A new class of skew-logistic distribution
Authors: Mirzadeh Saeed , Iranmanesh Anis 
Published: October 2019

Abstract
In this study, the researchers introduce a new class of the logistic distribution which can be used to model the unimodal data with some skewness present. The new generalization is carried out using the basic idea of Nadarajah (Statistics 48(4):872–895, 2014), called truncated-exponential skew-logistic (TESL) distribution. The TESL distribution is a member of the exponential family; therefore, the skewness parameter can be derived easier. Meanwhile, some important statistical characteristics are presented; the real data set and simulation studies are applied to evaluate the results. Also, the TESL distribution is compared to at least five other skew-logistic distributions.
Sites of secretion of bioactive compounds in leaves of Dracocephalum moldavica L.: anatomical, histochemical, and essential oil study
Authors: Dmitruk Marta , Sulborska Aneta , Żuraw Beata , Stawiarz Ernest , Weryszko-Chmielewska Elżbieta 
Published: October 2019

Abstract
Dracocephalum moldavica L. is an aromatic plant emitting intense lemon scent. The aboveground parts of the plants constitute raw material for medicine and food industry. In contrast to the comprehensively investigated trichomes, there are only few studies of the histochemical characteristics of the leaves of essential oil-bearing plants from the family Lamiaceae. The present study shows the micromorphology, anatomy, and histochemistry of the leaves of the analysed species. The research aimed to determine the location of essential oil and other specialised metabolites in leaf tissues. The investigations of fresh and fixed material were carried out with the use of light, fluorescence, and scanning electron microscopy. Additionally, the content and composition of essential oil in the leaves were determined with the GC/MS method. The leaf epidermis had non-glandular unbranched trichomes and three types of glandular trichomes: peltate as well as long and short capitate trichomes. The results of the histochemical assays showed positive reactions to lipids and to some secondary compounds such as essential oil, terpenes, phenolic compounds, and flavonoids in all types of the glandular and non-glandular trichomes. The same compounds were found in the epidermis cells of the leaves. The results of the present study indicate that the intense smell of the leaves is associated with emission of essential oil not only by the glandular and non-glandular trichomes but also by the leaf epidermis cells. The main components in the essential oil (0.10%) include geranial, neral, geraniol, nerol, and trans-myrtanol acetate. Since D. moldavica has been used as an adulterant of Melissa officinalis L., the anatomical traits of leaves and the essential oil composition in both species were compared in the study.
An Acid Test for Europeanization: Public Cyber Security Procurement in the European Union
Authors: Ruohonen Jukka 
Published: October 2019

AbstractPublic procurement refers to processes through which national, regional, and local public authorities, state-owned enterprises, or other related bodies governed by public law, purchase products, services, and public work. Such purchases have been a particularly important element in developing the Internal Market of the European Union (EU). Given recent procurement reforms in the EU, including the 2009 reform on defense procurement, this paper examines public cyber security procurement in Europe. Two questions are examined: (1) whether cyber security procurement differs from public procurement in general, and (2) whether there are any noteworthy signs of Europeanization in terms of cyber security procurement. According to the empirical results, cyber security procurement tends to differ from general public procurement. In particular, competition obstacles are visible in terms of bids for cyber security procurement tenders. This result is accompanied with a visible lack of Europeanization, although the same observation generalizes to public procurement in the EU generally. With these results and the accompanying discussion, the paper contributes to the recent lively discussion about European security and its relation to marketization.
Treatment of avoidant/restrictive food intake disorder for a teenager with typical development within the home setting
Authors: Taylor Tessa , Haberlin Alayna , Haberlin Jill 
Published: October 2019

ABSTRACTIntroductionAvoidant/restrictive food intake disorder (ARFID) can occur in children with typical development and persist past childhood. This significantly impacts most areas of children's lives, but may become more evident in teenage years, especially socially. There is an empirically supported treatment for ARFID with 40 years of research backing, this being behaviour‐analytic feeding interventions. However, application to individuals over age 12 is lacking, and needs to be investigated for effectiveness. This is important as the addition of ARFID (formerly called feeding disorders) to the DSM‐V has seen an increase in new treatments for ARFID by attempting to apply eating disorder treatments to this population including children. More research is needed to identify if already established behavioural intervention procedures are effective for ARFID in individuals with selectivity, without disabilities, older ages, and in settings outside of intensive specialised feeding hospital admissions in the United States.MethodA 13‐year‐old female with ARFID and years of failed treatment attempts participated in her home in Australia. We conducted multiple stimulus without replacement preference assessments and used a changing criterion design with multiple baseline probes. Treatment consisted of demand fading, choice, differential attention, and contingent access. We did not use cognitive or family based treatment.ResultsConsumption increased to 100%. Variety reached 61 foods across all food groups. She met 100% of goals and ate at a restaurant. Caregivers reported high satisfaction and social acceptability. Gains were maintained at 9 months.ConclusionThis brief, behaviour‐analytic in‐home treatment was effective in increasing food group variety consumption.
Trait anxiety and bystander motivation to defend victims of school bullying
Authors: Jungert Tomas , Perrin Sean 
Published: October 2019

ABSTRACTIntroductionSchool‐based bullying is an omnipresent problem, but is less frequent when bystanders are inclined to defend victims. This makes it important to focus on motivation to intervene in bullying.Methods202 students (Mage = 16.44 years, 52% boys) from public Swedish high schools participated in a vignette experiment. Students were randomized to one of two vignettes (victim belonging to/not belonging to ingroup). Self‐report measures of motivation to defend and trait anxiety were used.ResultsParticipants reported more autonomous motivation when the victim belonged to the ingroup and more extrinsic motivation when the victim did not belong to the ingroup. Trait anxiety interacted with the manipulation: bystanders high in anxiety reported low levels of autonomous motivation when the victim did not belong to the ingroup and low levels of extrinsic motivation when the victim belonged to the ingroup.ConclusionsFindings suggest that anti‐bullying‐programs should focus on how defender motivation is influenced by the way in which victim ingroup status is perceived and address the bystander's level of anxiety as this interacts with such perceptions.
Spectral Line Identification and Modelling (SLIM) in the MAdrid Data CUBe Analysis (MADCUBA) package
Authors: Martín S. , Martín-Pintado J. , Blanco-Sánchez C. , Rivilla V. M. , Rodríguez-Franco A. , Rico-Villas F. 
Published: October 2019

Context. The increase in bandwidth and sensitivity of state-of-the-art radio observatories is providing a wealth of molecular data from nearby star-forming regions up to high-z galaxies. Analysing large data sets of spectral cubes requires efficient and user-friendly tools optimised for astronomers with a wide range of backgrounds.
Aims. In this paper we present the detailed formalism at the core of Spectral Line Identification and Modelling (SLIM) within the MAdrid Data CUBe Analysis (MADCUBA) package and their main data-handling functionalities. These tools have been developed to visualise, analyse, and model large spectroscopic data cubes.
Methods. We present the highly interactive on-the-fly visualisation and modelling tools of MADCUBA and SLIM, which includes a stand-alone spectroscopic database. The parameters stored therein are used to solve the full radiative transfer equation under local thermodynamic equilibrium (LTE). The SLIM package provides tools to generate synthetic LTE model spectra based on input physical parameters of column density, excitation temperature, velocity, line width, and source size. It also provides an automatic fitting algorithm to obtain the physical parameters (with their associated errors) better fitting the observations. Synthetic spectra can be overlayed in the data cubes/spectra to ease the task of multi-molecular line identification and modelling.
Results. We present the Java-based MADCUBA and its internal module SLIM packages which provide all the necessary tools for manipulation and analysis of spectroscopic data cubes. We describe in detail the spectroscopic fitting equations and make use of this tool to explore the breaking conditions and implicit errors of commonly used approximations in the literature.
Conclusions. Easy-to-use tools like MADCUBA allow users to derive physical information from spectroscopic data without the need for simple approximations. The SLIM tool allows the full radiative transfer equation to be used, and to interactively explore the space of physical parameters and associated uncertainties from observational data.
Dyadic Associations Between Body Mass Index and the Development of Type 2 Diabetes in Romantic Couples: Results From the Health and Retirement Study
Authors: Burns Rachel J 
Published: October 2019

Abstract

Background
Body mass index (BMI) is linked to Type 2 diabetes (T2D). Although romantic partners influence each other's health outcomes, it is unclear if partner's BMI is related to the development of T2D.

Purpose
To test prospective, dyadic associations between BMI and the development of T2D in middle-aged and older adult couples over 8 years.

Methods
Data came from 950 couples in the Health and Retirement Study. Neither partner had diabetes at baseline (2006). The actor–partner interdependence model was used to examine dyadic associations between BMI at baseline and the development of T2D during the next 8 years.

Results
After adjusting for covariates, a significant actor effect was observed such that one's BMI at baseline was positively associated with one's own odds of developing T2D during follow-up (odds ratio [OR] = 1.08, p &lt; .001). A significant partner effect was also observed such that the BMI of one's partner at baseline was positively associated with one's own odds of developing T2D during follow-up above and beyond one's own baseline BMI (OR = 1.04, p = .003). These associations were not moderated by sex. This pattern of results held when BMI was coded categorically (not overweight/obese; overweight; obese).

Conclusions
Partner's BMI was prospectively associated with the likelihood of developing T2D. Future research should consider interpersonal risk factors for chronic health conditions, such as T2D. There is an opportunity to develop theoretical models that specify how and when partner characteristics are linked to physical morbidity.
Characterization of changes in medication complexity using a modified scoring tool
Authors: Newsome Andrea Sikora , Anderson Daniel , Gwynn Morgan E , Waller Jennifer L 
Published: October 2019

Abstract

Purpose
The purpose of this study was to characterize dynamic changes in medication regimen complexity over time in critically ill adults and to validate a modified version of the medication regimen complexity–intensive care unit (MRC-ICU) scoring tool.

Summary
A single-center, retrospective, observational chart review was conducted with a primary aim of assessing changes in medication regimen complexity over time, as measured by both the 39-item MRC-ICU scoring tool and a modified version (the mMRC-ICU) containing just 17 items. Secondary aims included validation of the mMRC-ICU and exploration of relationships between medication regimen complexity and ICU length of stay (LOS), inpatient mortality, and patient acuity. Adults admitted to a medical ICU from November 2016 through June 2017 were included. The medication regimens of a total of 130 patients were scored in order to test, modify, and validate the MRC-ICU and mMRC-ICU tools. The modified tool was validated by evaluating correlation of mMRC-ICU scores with MRC-ICU scores and with patient outcomes including patient acuity, ICU LOS, and inpatient mortality. mMRC-ICU scores were collected at 24 and 48 hours after admission and at ICU discharge to evaluate changes over time. Significant changes in medication regimen complexity over time were observed, with the highest scores observed at 24 hours after admission.

Conclusion
Medication regimen complexity may provide valuable insights into pharmacist activity and resource allocation. Further validation of the MRC-ICU and mMRC-ICU scoring tools in other critically ill populations and at external sites is required.
Multiple intrinsic markers identify carry-over effects from wintering to breeding sites for three Nearctic–Neotropical migrant swallows
Authors: Imlay Tara L , Angelier Frédéric , Hobson Keith A , Mastromonaco Gabriela , Saldanha Sarah , Leonard Marty L 
Published: October 2019

AbstractCarry-over effects from one stage of the annual cycle to subsequent stages can have profound effects on individual fitness. In migratory birds, much research has been devoted to examining such effects from the nonbreeding to the breeding period. We investigated potential carry-over effects influencing spring body condition, breeding phenology, and performance for 3 species of sympatric, declining Nearctic–Neotropical migratory swallows: Bank Swallow (Riparia riparia), Barn Swallow (Hirundo rustica), and Cliff Swallow (Petrochelidon pyrrhonota). To examine carry-over effects, we used structural equation modeling and several intrinsic markers, including stable isotope (δ 2H, δ 13C, and δ 15N) and corticosterone (CORTf) values from winter molted-feathers, and changes in telomere length between breeding seasons. We found support for carry-over effects for all 3 species, however, the specific relationships varied between species and sexes. Effects leading to lower breeding performance were only observed in male Bank, female Barn, and female and male Cliff Swallows. In most cases, carry-over effects were attributed to differences in stable isotope values (most commonly with δ 2H) presumably related to differences in winter habitat use, but, for Cliff Swallows, negative carry-over effects were also linked to higher CORTf values and greater rates of telomere shortening. This work provides further support for the potential role of nonbreeding conditions on population declines, and indicates how multiple intrinsic markers can be used to provide information on ecological conditions throughout the annual cycle.
Reversible solid-oxide cells for clean and sustainable energy
Authors: Mogensen M B , Chen M , Frandsen H L , Graves C , Hansen J B , Hansen K V , Hauch A , Jacobsen T , Jensen S H , Skafte T L , Sun X 
Published: October 2019

Abstract
This review gives first a brief view of the potential availability of sustainable energy. It is clear that over 100 times more solar photovoltaic energy than necessary is readily accessible and that practically available wind alone may deliver sufficient energy supply to the world. Due to the intermittency of these sources, effective and inexpensive energy-conversion and storage technology is needed. Motivation for the possible electrolysis application of reversible solid-oxide cells (RSOCs), including a comparison of power-to-fuel/fuel-to-power to other energy-conversion and storage technologies is presented. RSOC electrochemistry and chemistry of H2O, CO2, H2, CO, CnHm (hydrocarbons) and NH3, including thermodynamics and cell performance, are described. The mechanical strength of popular cell supports is outlined, and newly found stronger materials are mentioned. Common cell-degradation mechanisms, including the effect of common impurities in gases and materials (such as S and Si), plus the deleterious effects of carbon deposition in the fuel electrode are described followed by explanations of how to avoid or ease the consequences. Visions of how RSOCs powered by sustainable energy may be applied on a large scale for the transportation sector via power-to-fuel technology and for integration with the electrical grid together with seasonal storage are presented. Finally, a brief comparison of RSOCs to other electrolysis cells and an outlook with examples of actions necessary to commercialize RSOC applications are sketched.