bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Long-Term Vitamin K Antagonists and Cancer Risk
Authors: Shurrab Mohammed , Quinn Kieran L. , Kitchlu Abhijat , Jackevicius Cynthia A. , Ko Dennis T. 
Published: July 2019

Objectives:
Vitamin K antagonists (VKAs) remain one of the most commonly used anticoagulation therapies. The potential anticancer effect of long-term use of VKAs has been a matter of debate with conflicting results. Our goal was to perform a systematic review and meta-analysis examining the association between long-term VKAs use and cancer risk.

Methods:
Systematic searches of multiple major databases were performed from inception until January 2018. We included studies of adults that compared incidence of any cancer between ≥6 months use of VKAs (long-term group) and <6 months use of VKAs or nonuse (control group). Primary outcome was all-cancer incidence and secondary outcomes were cancer-specific incidence, all-cause death and cancer-specific mortality. Hazard ratios (HRs) were pooled using a random-effects model, and individual studies were weighted using inverse variance.

Results:
We identified 9 observational studies that included 1,521,408 patients. No randomized trials were identified. In comparison to control, long-term use of VKAs was associated with a significant reduction in incidence of all cancers (HR, 0.84; 95% confidence interval [CI], 0.81-0.88; P<0.001). In a prespecified subgroup analysis, long-term use of VKAs demonstrated a significant reduction in all-cancer incidence when compared with control in individuals whose indication for VKAs were venous thromboembolism (HR, 0.69; 95% CI, 0.52-0.90; P=0.007).

Conclusions:
The use of long-term VKAs, for any indication, is associated with lower cancer incidence. This finding could have important clinical implications for the choice of oral anticoagulation therapies among specific patients with a higher baseline risk of cancer.
An integrated computational and experimental study to elucidateStaphylococcus aureusmetabolism
Authors: Islam Mohammad Mazharul , Thomas Vinai C. , Van Beek Matthew , Ahn Jong-Sam , Alqarzaee Abdulelah A. , Zhou Chunyi , Fey Paul D. , Bayles Kenneth W. , Saha Rajib 
Published: July 2019

AbstractStaphylococcus aureusis a metabolically versatile pathogen that colonizes nearly all organs of the human body. A detailed and comprehensive knowledge of staphylococcal metabolism is essential to understanding its pathogenesis. To this end, we have reconstructed and experimentally validated an updated and enhanced genome-scale metabolic model ofS. aureusUSA300_FPR3757. The model combined genome annotation data, reaction stoichiometry, and regulation information from biochemical databases and previous strain-specific models. Reactions in the model were checked and fixed to ensure chemical balance and thermodynamic consistency. To further refine the model, growth assessment of 1920 non-essential mutants from the Nebraska Transposon Mutant Library was performed and metabolite excretion profiles of important mutants in carbon and nitrogen metabolism were determined. The growth and no-growth inconsistencies between the model predictions andin vivoessentiality data were resolved using extensive manual curation based on optimization-based reconciliation algorithms. Upon intensive curation and refinements, the model contains 840 metabolic genes, 1442 metabolites, and 1566 reactions including transport and exchange reactions. To improve the accuracy and predictability of the model to environmental changes, condition-specific regulation information curated from the existing knowledgebase was incorporated. These critical additions improved the model performance significantly in capturing gene essentiality, substrate utilization, and metabolite production capabilities and increased the ability to generate model-based discoveries of therapeutic significance. Use of this highly curated model will enhance the functional utility of omics data and, therefore, serve as a resource to support future investigations ofS. aureusand to augment staphylococcal research worldwide.
GREB1 regulates proliferation of estrogen receptor positive breast cancer through modulation of PI3K/Akt/mTOR signaling
Authors: Haines Corinne N. , Klingensmith H.D. , Burd Craig J. 
Published: July 2019

AbstractOver 70% of breast cancers express the estrogen receptor (ER) and depend on ER activity for survival and proliferation. While hormone therapies that target receptor activity are initially effective, patients invariably develop resistance which is often associated with activation of the PI3K/Akt/mTOR pathway. While the mechanism by which estrogen regulates proliferation is not fully understood, one gene target of ER, growth regulation by estrogen in breast cancer 1 (GREB1), is required for hormone-dependent proliferation. However, the molecular function by which GREB1 regulates proliferation is unknown. Herein, we validate that knockdown of GREB1 results in growth arrest and that exogenous GREB1 expression initiates oncogene-induced senescence, suggesting that an optimal level of GREB1 expression is necessary for proliferation of breast cancer cells. Under both of these conditions, GREB1 is able to regulate signaling through the PI3K/Akt/mTOR pathway. GREB1 acts intrinsically through PI3K to regulate PIP3 levels and Akt activity. Critically, growth suppression of estrogen-dependent breast cancer cells by GREB1 knockdown is rescued by expression of constitutively activated Akt. Together, these data identify a novel molecular function by which GREB1 regulates breast cancer proliferation through Akt activation and provides a mechanistic link between estrogen signaling and the PI3K pathway.
The knockout effect of low doses of gamma radiation on hepatotoxicity induced byEchis Coloratussnake venom in rats
Authors: Samy Esraa M. , Shaaban Esmat A. , Kenawy Sanaa A. , Salama Walaa H. , Abd El Fattah Mai A. 
Published: July 2019

ABSTRACTEchis Coloratusis the most medically important viper in Egypt causing several pathological effects leading to death. Gamma radiation has been used as a venom detoxifying tool in order to extend the lifespan of the immunized animals used in antivenin production process. Thus, the aim of this study is to assess the effects of increasing doses of gamma radiation onEchis Coloratusin vivo through biochemical and histological studies. The results revealed a significant increase in the levels of AST, ALT, ALP and glucose of sera collected from the rats injected with nativeEchis Coloratusvenom compared with the non-envenomed group. On the other hand, biochemical parameters of sera of rats administrated with either 1.5 kGy or 3 kGy irradiated venom were significantly decrease compared with the native venom envenomed group at 2h, 4h and 24h post envenomation. In addition, these results were confirmed by histological studies of rats’ livers. Correspondingly, the sublethal dose injection of nativeEchis Coloratusvenom induced significant alterations in the histological architecture of liver after 2, 4 and 24 h of injection. Concurrently, the administration of both 1.5 kGy and 3 kGy gamma irradiated venom showed fewer histological alterations compared with the native group. In conclusion, the present findings support the idea of using gamma radiation as an effective venom detoxification tool.
A covariance shaping filtering method for tightly-coupled MIMU/GNSS of UAV
Authors: Liu Bin , Xu Jiangtao , Fu Bangsheng , Hao Yong , An Tianyu 
Published: July 2019

Purpose
Regarding the important roles of accuracy and robustness of tightly-coupled micro inertial measurement unit (MIMU)/global navigation satellite system (GNSS) for unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV). This study aims to explore the efficient method to improve the real-time performance of the sensors.

Design/methodology/approach
A covariance shaping adaptive Kalman filtering method is developed. For optimal performance of multiple gyros and accelerometers, a distribution coefficient of precision is defined and the data fusion least square method is applied with fault detection and identification using the singular value decomposition. A dual channel parallel filter scheme with a covariance shaping adaptive filter is proposed.

Findings
Hardware-in-the-loop numerical simulation was adopted, the results indicate that the gain of the covariance shaping adaptive filter is self-tuning by changing covariance weighting factor, which is calculated by minimizing the cost function of Frobenius norm. With the improved method, the positioning accuracy with tightly-coupled MIMU/GNSS of the adaptive Kalman filter is increased obviously.

Practical implications
The method of covariance shaping adaptive Kalman filtering is efficient to improve the accuracy and robustness of tightly-coupled MIMU/GNSS for UAV in complex and dynamic environments and has great value for engineering applications.

Originality/value
A covariance shaping adaptive Kalman filtering method is presented and a novel dual channel parallel filter scheme with a covariance shaping adaptive filter is proposed, to improve the real-time performance in complex and dynamic environments.
Prospectus and limitations of algorithmic governance: an ecological evaluation of algorithmic trends
Authors: Shin Donghee (Don) , Fotiadis Anestis , Yu Hongsik 
Published: July 2019

Purpose
The purpose of this study is to offer a roadmap for work on the ethical and societal implications of algorithms and AI. Based on an analysis of the social, technical and regulatory challenges posed by algorithmic systems in Korea, this work conducts socioecological evaluations of the governance of algorithmic transparency and accountability.

Design/methodology/approach
This paper analyzes algorithm design and development from critical socioecological angles: social, technological, cultural and industrial phenomena that represent the strategic interaction among people, technology and society, touching on sensitive issues of a legal, a cultural and an ethical nature.

Findings
Algorithm technologies are a part of a social ecosystem, and its development should be based on user interests and rights within a social and cultural milieu. An algorithm represents an interrelated, multilayered ecosystem of networks, protocols, applications, services, practices and users.

Practical implications
Value-sensitive algorithm design is proposed as a novel approach for designing algorithms. As algorithms have become a constitutive technology that shapes human life, it is essential to be aware of the value-ladenness of algorithm development. Human values and social issues can be reflected in an algorithm design.

Originality/value
The arguments in this study help ensure the legitimacy and effectiveness of algorithms. This study provides insight into the challenges and opportunities of algorithms through the lens of a socioecological analysis: political discourse, social dynamics and technological choices inherent in the development of algorithm-based ecology.
Polynomials for numerical solutions of space-time fractional differential equations (of the Fokker–Planck type)
Authors: Wang Jiao 
Published: July 2019

Purpose
Fokker–Planck equation appears in various areas in natural science, it is used to describe solute transport and Brownian motion of particles. This paper aims to present an efficient and convenient numerical algorithm for space-time fractional differential equations of the Fokker–Planck type.

Design/methodology/approach
The main idea of the presented algorithm is to combine polynomials function approximation and fractional differential operator matrices to reduce the studied complex equations to easily solved algebraic equations.

Findings
Based on Taylor basis, simple and useful fractional differential operator matrices of alternative Legendre polynomials can be quickly obtained, by which the studied space-time fractional partial differential equations can be transformed into easily solved algebraic equations. Numerical examples and error date are presented to illustrate the accuracy and efficiency of this technique.

Originality/value
Various numerical methods are proposed in complex steps and are computationally expensive. However, the advantage of this paper is its convenient technique, i.e. using the simple fractional differential operator matrices of polynomials, numerical solutions can be quickly obtained in high precision. Presented numerical examples can also indicate that the technique is feasible for this kind of fractional partial differential equations.
Career interruptions and current remuneration
Authors: Gerst Benedikt , Grund Christian 
Published: July 2019

PurposeCareer interruptions of employees imply important issues for both firms and individuals, including a possibly lower compensation after returning to a job. Different compensation components are explored, as bonus payments frequently complement fixed salaries for many employees, making various channels of lower compensation possible. This paper aims to discuss this issue.Design/methodology/approachThis study is based on a yearly salary survey among a rather homogeneous group of professionals and middle managers from the German chemical sector, which contains detailed information on compensation components next to individual and job characteristics. The incidence and duration of past career interruptions act as the most important independent variables. Mincer-type wage regressions are complemented by estimations on wage increases.FindingsThe results show that career interruptions are more related to lower subsequent bonus payments than they are to fixed salaries. Furthermore, interruptions caused by unemployment are associated with higher interruption pay gaps than those resulting from other reasons such as parental leave. The results even hint for catch-up effects following parental leave with regard to higher wage increases compared to individuals without interruptions. Career interruptions are more prevalent for female managers offering an explanation for a considerable part of gender pay gaps. Wage losses after career interruptions are more pronounced for male employees than they are for females, though.Originality/valueThis study extents the literature by disentangling the relation of career interruptions and different compensation components, bonus payments next to fixed salaries in particular. The role of interruption type and gender are also taken into account so that the paper deepens the understanding of the role of past career interruptions for employees’ remuneration.
Workplace thriving in China
Authors: Jiang Zhou , Jiang Yiqi , Nielsen Ingrid 
Published: July 2019

PurposeWorkplace thriving is a psychological state that promotes employee health and development. In addition to presenting a useful instrument that captures the nature of a thriving work life in China, the purpose of this paper is to investigate important factors that influence one’s thriving status within this national context.Design/methodology/approachUsing diverse approaches across different samples, Study 1 contextualized the content of a workplace thriving scale (WTS) to fit the Chinese context. Study 2 tested the effects of learning goal orientation, exploration at work and role ambiguity on workplace thriving, employing a mediation model. As a supplement, Study 3 examined the test–retest reliability of workplace thriving.FindingsStudy 1 confirmed that in the Chinese setting, workplace thriving is a higher order construct represented by both a sense of learning and a sense of vitality. Study 2 found that learning goal orientation and exploration at work fostered thriving, while role ambiguity reduced thriving. Also, exploration mediated the relationship between learning goal orientation and thriving. Study 3 verified that the WTS was reliable over time in the Chinese setting, further increasing the reliability of results from Studies 1 and 2.Originality/valueBy rigorously and formally contextualizing the concept/construct of workplace thriving in China, this paper is informative for future research on thriving at work in Eastern cultures.
Kinematic calibration of bracket type parallel posture alignment mechanism considering the gravity effect
Authors: Wang Zhihao , Chen Wenliang , Wang Min , Xu Qinghe , Huang Can 
Published: July 2019

Purpose
The purpose of this study is to improve the position and posture accuracy of posture alignment mechanism. The automatic drilling and riveting machine is an important equipment for aircraft assembly. The alignment accuracy of position and posture of the bracket type posture alignment mechanism has a great influence on the operation effect of the machine. Therefore, it is necessary to carry out the kinematic calibration.

Design/methodology/approach
Based on analysis of elastic deformation of the bracket and geometric errors of the posture alignment mechanism, an improved method of kinematic calibration was proposed. The position and posture errors of bracket caused by geometric errors were separated from those caused by gravity. The method of reduction of dimensions was applied to deal with the error coefficient matrix in error identification, and it did not change the coefficient of the error terms. The target position and its posture were corrected to improve the error compensation accuracy. Furthermore, numerical simulation and experimental verification were carried out.

Findings
The simulation and experimental results show that considering the influence of the elastic deformation of the bracket on the calibration effect, the error identification accuracy and compensation accuracy can be improved. The maximum value of position error is reduced from 5.33 mm to 1.60 × 10−1 mm and the maximum value of posture error is reduced from 1.07 × 10−3 rad to 6.02 × 10−4 rad, which is superior to the accuracy without considering the gravity factor.

Originality/value
This paper presents a calibration method considering the effects of geometric errors and gravity. By separating position and posture errors caused by different factors and correcting the target position and its posture, the results of the calibration method are greatly improved. The proposed method might be applied to any parallel mechanism based on the positioner.
Making a Blue Ocean Shift: Tata Ace captures a new market
Authors: Kulkarni Bindu , Sivaraman Vasant 
Published: July 2019

Purpose
This paper aims to understand how organizations can apply the Blue Ocean Shift process to achieve profitable growth and make competition irrelevant.

Design/methodology/approach
This paper uses a case study approach. Based on interaction with the senior management of an organization and secondary sources, this paper presents an application of the Blue Ocean Shift process on a strategic move by an organization to achieve value innovation.

Findings
This paper presents a case of how Tata Motors Ltd. applied Blue Ocean Shift process to come up with the product Tata Ace, which achieved value innovation while making competition irrelevant. From assessing the current state of play to forming a motivated team, working with suppliers and fulfilling the needs of the non-customers and unhappy existing users, they were able to create a strong position for themselves.

Practical implications
Blue Ocean Strategy, through a process defined as Blue Ocean Shift, can be applied by organizations to achieve value innovation, change market boundaries and achieve profitable growth through their strategic offerings. It can help them get out of “red oceans” which may be a way to view the existing hypercompetitive world.

Originality/value
This paper contributes to the application of the Blue Ocean Shift process in the Indian context while studying a strategic move of an Indian firm. It showcases an example of how large Indian organizations can successfully apply the process to achieve value innovation.
Marketing management and optimism of Afghan female entrepreneurs
Authors: Wafeq Manizha , Al Serhan Omar , Catherine Gleason Kimberley , Dasanayaka S.W.S.B. , Houjeir Roudaina , Al Sakka Mohamad 
Published: July 2019

PurposeFor the present generation of entrepreneurs, the operating environment in Afghanistan has been among the most tenuous in the world. Numerous regime changes, civil unrest and war have created tremendous uncertainty, making civilian business planning difficult. These challenges incrementally impact female entrepreneurs. This paper aims to investigate the relationship between one aspect of entrepreneurial psychological capital – optimism regarding enterprise success of Afghan female entrepreneurs – and aspects of the marketing function.Design/methodology/approachPrimary data collection was used for this study. A total of 248 women business owners were surveyed via telephone from five provinces of Afghanistan. Over half (133) of respondents were from the Afghan capital, Kabul. A total of 49 respondents were obtained from Herat, 44 from Mazar, 12 from Nangarhar and ten were obtained from Kandahar.FindingsWe find that a focus on marketing positively and significantly impacts reported optimism by female Afghan entrepreneurs, as do marketing planning efforts. However, self-reliance and orientation toward the outside world do not impact the perceived success of the entrepreneurial venture.Research limitations/implicationsLike other empirical studies, this research has its own limitation. First, we would have liked a larger sample size, but date collection in a war-torn country and from female business women in a male-dominated society is proofed very challenging task. Also, some cities had less representation due to security concerns especially Kandahar province.Practical implicationsOur results have significant relevance for economic development policymakers, non-governmental organizations and entrepreneurs throughout the developing world. What drives the psychological capital of these entrepreneurs under these extreme conditions should be of interest not only from the perspective of the entrepreneurship literature, but also for policymakers who are often uninformed regarding on the ground conditions under which individuals in the environment function.Social implicationsIt is our hope that our results inform those in a position of power so that they support the development of human capital of Afghan women who are or who seek to be entrepreneurs. We also hope to raise questions for other researchers related to the importance of human capital investment and the business functions for entrepreneurs in other less developed, conflict-prone environments with low mean educational levels.Originality/valueThis paper is the first to use proprietary, hand collected survey data from Afghani female entrepreneurs to collect, analyze and draw conclusions and recommendations from a sample of 248 women-owned businesses regarding the relationship between the marketing function and one aspect of psychological capital – perceived optimism – in five Afghan cities.
Supervision of lost pension accounts and unclaimed benefits
Authors: Park Kyoung Gook , Stańko Dariusz , McShane Darren 
Published: July 2019

PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to investigate how private pension supervisors in selected jurisdictions monitor and address lost pension accounts and unclaimed pension assets or benefits and draw supervisory implications.Design/methodology/approachThis paper is based on the survey on private pension schemes of selected International Organisation of Pension Supervisors member jurisdictions.FindingsThis paper finds that there are differences in severity of the issue of lost pension accounts and unclaimed pension benefits among jurisdictions, and that pension supervisors/regulators differ with regard to awareness of and approaches taken to handle this issue. Some jurisdictions show a well-established systematic approach to deal effectively with the problem of lost pension accounts or unclaimed benefits, while other jurisdictions are yet to recognise and tackle the issue.Originality/valueTo the best of the authors’ knowledge, this is the first larger cross-country study on lost pension accounts and unclaimed benefits in private pension schemes. The paper presents international comparison of this issue in 32 different jurisdictions and provides examples of good supervisory or regulatory practices.