bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Laryngeal malignancy: epidemiology and staging at the time of presentation in a rural population
Authors: Shariff Mudassar A. 
Published: October 2018

<p class="abstract"><strong>Background:</strong> Laryngeal cancer is one of the 10 leading causes of cancer in Indian men. Late presentation of the disease may worsen management outcomes. Consumption of tobacco and alcohol is associated with the development of laryngeal malignancy.</p><p class="abstract"><strong>Methods:</strong> A cross-sectional study was conducted in the Department of ENT, at Chamarajanagar Institute of Medical Sciences and Hospital, Chamarajanagar, India, for a period of 2 years 6 months from October 2014 to March 2017. During the study period, all cases that were diagnosed as Laryngeal malignancy by histopathology were included in the study group. The aim of this study is to determine the epidemiology, anatomical location of the tumor at presentation, clinical presentation and the stage of the tumor at the time of presentation. </p><p class="abstract"><strong>Results:</strong> Majority of patients were elderly male from lower socio-economic strata. The most common clinical presentations were change in voice, pain in throat, difficulty in swallowing, lump in neck and difficulty in breathing. Supraglottis (82%) was the most common anatomic location of tumor. 60% of the patients presented in stage III of the disease. All the cases were squamous cell carcinoma.</p><p class="abstract"><strong>Conclusions:</strong> Laryngeal malignancy is a relatively uncommon malignancy in general population but is more common in rural population especially in people belonging to lower socio-economic strata. Supraglottic malignancy is the most common anatomic location of laryngeal malignancy. Majority of the cases from rural population presented in an advanced stage of the disease.</p>
The Analysis of Job stress Effect to the Improvement of PT Bank Muamalat Indonesia, TBK Medan Balai Kota Branch’s Employees Performance
Authors: Handayani Susi , Hasibuan Lailan Safina 
Published: October 2018

The objective of this research is to analyze the job stress effect to the PT Bank Muamalat Indonesia, TBK Medan Balai Kota Branch’s employees performance. Using the sample of 35 employees, the researcher utilized associative approach to process the quantitative data. In addition, correlation analysis and t-test was also employed.
The results shows that the relation between job stress and working performance is relatively moderate 42% (0,42) with positive or significance correlation vector as big as 0,011 (<0,05). Additional research using t-test shows that job stress can affect the employee working performance as big as 26.77% (0,026) with significance magnitude of 0,011. This can be translated that low-level of stress can improve employees’ performance only to a certain degree. Once certain threshold has been passed, the employees’ performance will begin to decline.
Pathogenicity of Entomopathogenic Fungi on the Weevil of the Andes (Premnotrypes vorax Hustache) of the Potato (Solanum tuberosum L.) in Chimborazo Province, Ecuador
Authors: N. S. Erazo Sandoval , V. A. Lindao Córdova , M. M. Echeverría Guadalupe , J. C. Manzano Ocaña , N. M. Inca Chunata 
Published: October 2018

From thirty native isolates of entomopathogenic fungi, which were obtained from corpses of larvae and adults of Andean weevil (Premnotrypes vorax Hustache); two fungi with entomopathogenic characteristics were selected through laboratory tests, which will be used in a program of integrated management of this pest in the Ecuadorian inter-Andean region. The pathogenicity of the 30 isolates was determined by the mortality that they caused in larvae and adults and it was expressed in percentage; for this, a complete randomized design (CRD) was used. The LC50 and TL50 were determined by Probit analysis. The two selected isolates corresponded to: Metarhizium anisopliae (Metschnikoff 1879) Sorokin 1883 (A13) and Beauveria bassiana (Bals.-Criv.) Vuill. 1912 (A21), which proved to be the best, because they caused the highest mortality in larvae of the fourth instar and adults of P. vorax. The Probit analysis showed that LC50 for A21 isolate (B. bassiana) in fourth instar larvae was obtained with a concentration of 1,75x109 spores/ml and 1,08x109 spores/ml for adults. Instead for A13 isolate (M. anisopliae), the LC50 was obtained with a concentration of 1,65x109 spores/ml for larvae and 2,42x109 spores/ml for adults. The LT50 for the selected isolates at the indicated concentrations, was 4,84 and 4,32 days for larvae with A13 and A21 isolates respectively, while, for adults, the shortest time was obtained with A21 isolate in 4.36 days, compared with A13 isolate, that delayed 20,70 days. The larval stage of P. vorax was the most susceptible to A13 isolate, on the other hand, larvae and adults were equally susceptible to A21 isolate at the indicated concentrations. According to the results obtained, the two selected isolates can be used as an alternative to the use of conventional agrochemicals, which will contribute to a more ecological production.
Tax Revenue and Economic Growth in Nigeria
Authors: Olufemi ASAOLU Taiwo , Jayeola OLABISI , Oladele AKINBODE Sakiru , Naimot ALEBIOSU Omolabake 
Published: October 2018

<p>The study examined the relationship between tax revenue and economic growth in Nigeria. The study adopted a descriptive and historical research design; secondary data for twenty-two years (1994 -2015) were collected from various issues of the Central Bank of Nigeria (CBN) statistical bulletin and annual reports. Tax revenue as an independent variable was measured with Value Added Tax (VAT); Petroleum Profit Tax (PPT); Company Income Tax (CIT) and Custom and Excise Duties (CED) while the dependent variable was Economic Growth (EG) proxied by the Gross Domestic Product (GDP). Analysis was performed on data collected using Auto Regressive Distributed Lag (ARDL) Regression and other post estimations (Jarque-Bera test; Breusch-Godfrey LM and Ramsey Reset Test) to determine the existence of relationship between the variables. The results of the study showed that VAT and CED had a significant relationships with economic growth (p&lt;0.05), while CIT has negative significant relationship with economic growth (P&lt;0.05). However, PPT had no significant relationship with economic growth. The study concluded that the role of taxation in nation’s building is irreplaceable. Taxation remains a strong socio political and economic tool for economic prosperity. It is therefore recommended that government should engage in a complete re-organization of tax administrative machinery to reduce incidence of tax evasion and avoidance to the barest minimum in order to improve tax revenue and bring more people and establishments into the tax net. Also, tax revenue should be judiciously utilized to provide enabling environment for business survival and economic growth in Nigeria.</p>
La crónica de finales del siglo XIX en México. Un matrimonio entre literatura y periodismo
Authors: López Pedroza Claudia 
Published: October 2018

Este artículo analiza la relación que la crónica mexicana de finales del siglo XIX mantuvo con la literatura y el periodismo, medios que la influyeron transformándola en un género particular y del que todavía hoy en día quedan rastros. Asimismo este texto se apoya de algunas crónicas realizadas por diversos escritores –como Manuel Gutiérrez Nájera, Rubén Darío, Ángel de Campo, entre otros– que participaron en la prensa periódica de la época. El artículo se divide en cuatro partes. En la primera, se especifica la adaptación de la escritura literaria en la prensa; en la segunda se aborda la cuestión de la profesionalización del literato: ¿periodista o escritor?; en la tercera, se reflexiona sobre el rol del cronista y su crónica dentro del contexto político cultural porfiriano; y en la última parte se incluyen algunas conclusiones.
A Review: The Anti-inflammatory, Anticancer and Antibacterial Properties of Four Kinds of Licorice Flavonoids Isolated from Licorice
Authors: Wang Ze-Feng , Liu Jia , Yang Yong-An , Zhu Hai-Liang 
Published: October 2018

:
Plants have always been an important source of medicines for humans, and licorice
is a very significant herb in the development of humans. As a traditional herb, it is
widely cultivated in China, Japan, Russia, Spain and India. With the development of organic
chemistry and biochemistry, various chemical ingredients extracted from licorice have been
studied and identified. Among them, many chemical components were considered to have
strong pharmacological activities, such as anti-inflammatory, anti-ulcer, antibacterial, anticancer
and so on. Based on those reports, licorice has attracted the attention of many researchers
in recent years, and they are devoted to discovering the active ingredients and
mechanism of action of active compounds. Licorice flavonoids are one of the main extracts
of licorice root and stem and have many potential biological properties. This paper aims to
summarize the four kinds of licorice flavonoids, including liquiritigenin, isoliquiritigenin,
licochalcone (including licochalcone A and licochalcone B) and glabridin, about their biological
activities of anti-inflammatory, anticancer, antibacterial.
Herbal Drug use in Sickle Cell Disease Management; Trends and Perspectives in Sub-Saharan Africa - A Systematic Review
Authors: Okoh Michael P. , Alli Lukman A. , Tolvanen Martti E.E. , Nwegbu Maxwell M. 
Published: October 2018

Introduction:Nigeria has the largest burden of Sickle Cell Disease (SCD) with estimated 100,000 new born affected annually. SCD is a Hemoglobin (Hb) disorder with the major form resulting from the substitution of a polar glutamate (Glu) by non-polar Valine (Val) in an invariant region of Hbβ chain-subunit. Species of Hb found in the sickle cell trait are HbA and HbS in a 60:40 proportion, in SCD only HbS, in the HbC disease only HbC, and in the SC disease it's HbS and HbC in a 50:50 equal proportion.Objective:This paper reviews herbal medicines usage in sub-Saharan Africa (sSA) to ameliorate the crisis associated with SCD. The model Hb tetramer suggests a higher membrane affinity of HbS and HbC, promoting dehydration of RBCs, with concomitant in vivo crystallization. Some drawbacks using these herbal drugs include; poor bioavailability and the lack of proper pharmacovigilance monitoring procedures arising from weak governance structure combined with under reporting of herbal usage to physicians were discussed. Probable epigenetic loci that could be targeted using phytomedicines for effective SCD management were also discussed.Methods:Using search engines, several databases including Google scholar, PubMed, Academic Resource Index were utilized as a source for relevant publications/ literature. The protein coordinates for the Hb tetramer were obtained from the Protein Data Bank (PDB).Conclusion:Manipulation of epigenetics to achieve better SCD management involves careful thinking. Herein, we discuss some epigenetic interactions that could be putatively tweaked with a view of enhancing soluble bioactive small molecular components with the potential to reactivate γ -globin genes, thereby boosting immune response in patient with SCD.
Refractive Error among Male Primary School Students in Jazan, Saudi Arabia: Prevalence and Associated Factors
Authors: Al Bahhawi Tariq , Makeen Anwar M , Daghreeri Hadi Hassan , Tobaigy Mohannad Faisal , Adawi Abdulrahman Mohammed , Guhal Faisal Mohammed , Akkur Murad Abdullah , Alotayfi Mohsen Jaber , Otayf Mutaz Mohammed , Bajoned Meshal Salem , Mahfouz Mohamed Salih 
Published: October 2018

Background:
Refractive error is a common and serious eye disorder that affects more than 153 million people globally. The aim of this study was to estimate the prevalence and pattern of refractive error among male primary school children in Jazan region, Saudi Arabia.

Methods:
A cross-sectional study was conducted among a randomly selected group of 395 students (aged 6-14 years) in Jazan region, Southwest Saudi Arabia. An optometrist and medical students assessed the refraction error using an autorefractor, a Snellen E chart and retinoscopy.

Results:
The overall prevalence of uncorrected refractive error in either eye was, 22% higher among rural students. The most prevalent refractive error was hyperopia (32.2%) followed by myopic astigmatism (31%) then myopia (17.2%). Next were hyperopic astigmatism (16.1%) and mixed astigmatism (3.5%). The following variables were associated with a higher risk of refractive errors and myopia: living in rural areas, having parents with refractive errors, spending more time on electronic devices and shorter visual distances.

Conclusion:
Refractive error was highly prevalent among primary school children in Jazan, Saudi Arabia. The rural students were more affected by refractive errors, mainly hyperopia. The preschool vision test should be reconsidered, and a periodic vision examination should be applied to detect vision problems as early as possible.
Los estudiantes recuerdan a los estudiantes. El 68 mexicano recuperado en movilizaciones juveniles, 1986-2014
Authors: Allier Montaño Eugenia , Vilchis Ortega César Ivan 
Published: October 2018

<p>En este artículo se estudia cómo fue recordado el 68 mexicano durante algunas movilizaciones juveniles desarrolladas en las últimas cuatro décadas, En particular se hace referencia al movimiento del Consejo Estudiantil Universitario de 1986-87, la huelga de la UNAM de 1999-2000, el movimiento #yosoy132 y a la movilización por Ayotzinapa de 2014. En cada uno de estos contextos de protesta estudiantil se activó la memoria del 68 en voz de analistas, académicos, medios de comunicación, políticos, exlíderes del 68 y los propios estudiantes que se estaban movilizando. Mientras que para algunos se trataba de acontecimientos que no podían asimilarse, para otros existía un claro vínculo entre ellos, se asumieron como sus herederos y encontraron en aquellos hechos del pasado un referente de lucha y de denuncia contra la represión.</p><p> </p>
Study of the Milky Stork Bird (Mycteria cinerea) Population in Rawa Pacing, Kibang Pacing Village, Menggala Timur Sub-District, Menggala Timur Regency, Lampung Province
Authors: Syamal Faizal Mahdi , Harianto Sugeng Prayitno 
Published: October 2018

Kibang Pacing Village with an area of 83.55 km2 had converted that lead to a change of the vegetation structure from multistrata into monostrata that could threaten the wildlife such as the milky stork bird (Mycteria cinerea) that classified as a threatened species. The objectives of this study were to determine the number of individual and distribution patterns of milky stork in Rawa Pacing at Kibang Pacing Village, Menggala Timur Sub-District, Tulang Bawang Regency. Data collection was conducted through direct observation using point count method at 3 (three) point counts. The results observed 513 encounters of the milky stork, showing the most encounter at Point Count 3. The higher encounter occurred in the morning than in the afternoon which because diurnal bird species generally started their daily activities to find foods in the morning. The abundance of milky stork population in Kibang Pacing Village was 126 individuals, showing the highest number at Point Count 3. Illegal hunting and other human activities in Rawa Pacing could potentially cause disruption on natural habitat that may threaten the existence and sustainability of the milky stork bird. Keywords: milky stork, Mycteria cinerea, pacing swamp, population.
Evaluation on the Growth of Reforestation Plants at the Compensated Land for Gold Mining of Natarang Mining Ltd.
Authors: Pratomo Julian Agung , Banuwa Irwan Sukri , Yuwono Slamet Budi 
Published: October 2018

Reforestation activities have been conducted by Natarang Mining Ltd. as obligation under a concessionary agreement with the government for mining activities. The research aimed to evaluate the success of reforestastion plants. This assessment focus on aspects of vegetation in order to know the extent to which the success of reforestation plants can fulfill the function of a forest area. The result were analyzed by descriptive and scoring using 25 m x 40 m plots. Total plot of 41 plots with a sampling intensity of 5%. The results showed that plant growth has been good with a diameter of 5-15 cm and height between 4-8 m. The number of plants reached 763/ha and the planting area reached 92.38. Percentage of plant growth for four of five types of reforestation plants also achieve >80%. The growth percentage of Mahoni (Swietenia macrophylla) reached 66.43% with healthy plants percentage of 71.49%. The status of reforestastion activities is success. Evaluation of reforestation success by scoring showed the total value of 82.93 which can be categorized as good accomplishment. Keywords: compensated land, Natarang Mining Ltd, reforestation.
Participation of Community in Development of Agroforestry in the Partnership Program in Gedong Wani Forest Management Unit
Authors: Setiawan Rian , Febryano Indra Gumay , Bintoro Afif 
Published: October 2018

The establishment of Forest Management Unit (KPH) is a solution which being implemented by the government to overcome forest land conflicts in Indonesia, one of its implementation is by implementing partnership programs in agroforestry. This research purposed to analyze the factors influenced community involvement in the partnership program. The data collection were done by giving questionnaire and interviewing the community, the collected data then were analyzed with discriminant analysis (internal factors) and descriptive analysis (external factors). Based on the results of this research, the internal factor that gives positive impact tocommunity involvement is community knowledge about the partnership program. Then, the external factors that give positive impact to community involvement are socialization and community services provided by KPH and related stakeholders. An evaluation should be done immediately by KPH related tomethods of socialization to farmer groups and KPH also need to improve services in community empowerment activities through other similar programs by involving related stakeholders to collaborate. Keywords: agroforestry, community participation, forest management unit, forest partnership program, tenurial conflict.
Work-Related stress factors in nurses at Slovenian hospitals – A cross-sectional study
Authors: Dobnik Mojca , Maletič Matjaž , Skela-Savič Brigita 
Published: October 2018

Abstract

Background
Surveys conducted among healthcare workers revealed that nursing staff often face various stressors associated with occupational activities, which reduce their work efficiency. The aim of the study was to establish the level of stress in nurses working at hospitals in Slovenia and to identify stress-related factors.

Methods
A cross-sectional epidemiological design and a standardized instrument called the “Nursing stress scale” were used. The sample included 983 nurses from 21 Slovenian hospitals. The research was conducted in 2016.

Results
Prevalence of high level of stress was 56.5% of respondents (M (median)=75). Prevalence of high level of stress and stress factors may be statistically significant attributable to dissatisfaction at work (p<0.001), disturbing factors at work (p<0.001), inability to take time off in lieu after working on weekend (p=0.003), shorter serving (p=0.009), fixed-term work (p=0.007), and an increased number of workdays on Sunday (p=0.030).

Conclusion
The stress rate and stress factors are substantially influenced by variables reflecting work organization, competences and skills of healthcare management to work with people. Results reflect the need for nursing management and policy makers to design strategies to ensure adequate staffing, efficient organization and an encouraging work environment.
Surgical site infections in Slovenian acute care hospitals: Surveillance results, 2013–2016
Authors: Klavs Irena , Kustec Tanja , Serdt Mojca , Kolman Jana 
Published: October 2018

Abstract

Introduction
The objective was to present the results of the Slovenian National surgical site infections (SSIs) surveillance system from 2013 to 2016 and to compare them to the reference data for the European Union (EU) and European Economic Area (EEA) countries.

Methods
Surveillance was conducted according to the Slovenian protocol consistent with the European Centre for Disease Prevention and Control protocol. Descriptive analyses were performed.

Results
Data were collected for 1080 patients of whom 57.4% were patients with cholecystectomy (from three hospitals), 29.0% with caesarean sections (from four hospitals) and 4.7%, 4.5% and 4.4% patients with hip prosthesis, knee prosthesis and colon surgery (each surgical category from one hospital). The pooled in-hospital SSI incidence density for caesarean section was 3.7 (95% CI: 1.4-8.1; inter-hospital range: 0.0–11.5) and for cholecystectomy 6.8 (95% CI: 3.5-11.9; inter-hospital range: 4.1–11.9) per 1000 post-operative patient-days. The in-hospital SSI incidence density for colon surgery was 24.8 (95% CI: 12.5-44.0) and for hip prosthesis 2.6 (95% CI: 0.1-14.2) per 1000 post-operative patient-days. No SSIs were reported among the 49 patients with knee prostheses.

Conclusions
The estimated SSIs incidence rates varied between different surgical categories and the different participating hospitals. In some of the participating hospitals and for some of the surgical procedures under surveillance they were rather high in comparison to the reference data for hospitals from EU/EEA countries. It is urgent to expand standardised SSIs surveillance to all Slovenian acute care hospitals with surgical wards to contribute to evidence-based SSIs prevention and control in Slovenia.
Analysis of 22 years of surveillance for prion diseases in Slovenia, 1996 to 2017
Authors: čakš Jager Nuška , Popović Mara , Blaško Markič Mateja , Kraigher Alenka 
Published: October 2018

Abstract

Introduction
The objective was to present the results of surveillance of prion diseases in Slovenia that was established in 1996 and then to assess the interdisciplinary approach according to the algorithm of case management and reporting data to the National Register at the National Institute of Public Health.

Methods
A descriptive study of Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease (CJD) recorded in the period from 1996 to 2017 was carried out.

Results
A total of 123 cases of prion disease were notified between 1996 and 2017. Out of these, 68 were recorded and confirmed by autopsy as sporadic CJD with an average incidence rate of 1,5 cases per million population per year. In one case a gene analysis showed mutation E200K in prion protein gene, PRNP. Two cases of the Gerstman-Sträussler Scheinker syndrome and one clinical case of fatal insomnia with new PRNP mutation, N181S, were notified. Diagnostic value of protein 14-3-3 analysis in the liquor reached 82% sensitivity and 71% specificity. 25 cases of notified clinically possible/probable CJD were disproved after autopsy. In eleven notified possible CJD cases the autopsy had not been performed. Variant CJD has not yet been proven in Slovenia.

Conclusion
Incidence rates were comparable with other European countries. Completeness of reporting and proper management of CJD cases according to the algorithm of reporting, management and case confirmation would need some improvement. A well-functioning surveillance system, including timely notifications, would enable an appropriate epidemiological investigation and an effective response to public health risks, thus the awareness of prion diseases should not decline.