bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Superior hypoxia tolerance of intertidal triplefin fish is associated with low critical oxygen tension and high phosphorylating capacity in brain mitochondria
Authors: Devaux Jules B.L. , McArley Tristan J. , Herbert Neill , H Anthony J.R. 
Published: December 2024

Abstract

At the terminus of the O2 cascade, mitochondria play an important role in O2 utilisation and energy conservation, with adaptive modifications occasionally shared among hypoxia-tolerant species. Here, we sought to determine whether mitochondrial adaptations in brain tissue explain the hypoxia tolerance of New Zealand triplefin fishes (Tripterygiidae). We compared two intertidal species (Bellapiscis medius and Forsterygion lapillum), both likely adapted to hypoxia-reoxygenation exposures, and two subtidal species (F. varium and F. malcomi), which inhabit normoxic waters. To assess hypoxia tolerance, we determined loss of equilibrium (LOE) during hypoxia exposure and measured the critical O2 tension (Pcrit). Intertidal species displayed superior hypoxia tolerance as assessed by LOE and also had lower Pcrit (LOE versus Pcrit R2 = 0.92). High-resolution respirometry was used to measure mitochondrial respiration in homogenate and permeabilised fragments of brain. While a weak relationship was apparent between mitochondrial O2 binding affinity (mP50) and hypoxia tolerance, maximum phosphorylating O2 flux (OxPhos) and O2 catalytic rates were strongly correlated with hypoxia tolerance. Although cytochrome-c-oxidase activity was highest in the most hypoxia-tolerant species B. medius, it was only weakly correlated with hypoxia tolerance across species. Notably, the high OxPhos capacity of intertidal species was not associated with higher whole animal resting O2 consumption, suggesting intertidal species maintain high capacity for ATP production without incurring increased basal energetic costs. While somewhat paradoxical, the low Pcrit/high OxPhos strategy of intertidal species may provide flexibility in the dynamic intertidal environment where short, severe periods of hypoxia are interspersed with high energy demand environmental conditions (e.g. acute warming).
Heavy metals stabilization in lead zinc mine tailings by using Mechanical, Mechano-chemical and Microwave oven activation; Tailing waste utilization in building materials
Authors: Nawaz Karim , Yu Guangwei , Noman Muhammad , Jintao Fang , Ahmad Wisal 
Published: December 2024

Abstract

Lead zinc mine tailings are hazardous waste that are produces by mining activities. Poor management of tailings waste can lead heavy metals leaching to the ground water or surrounding environment if not properly managed. In this study lead zinc mine tailings were treated by using several activation methods to stabilize the heavy metals in them. Thus, in this study several activation methods like mechanical activation, mechano-chemical activation ad microwave oven activation was applied to stabilize the heavy metals and reuse them effectively in construction Toxicity characteristic leaching procedure were performed to analyze the leaching concentration based on USEPA standard limits. Modified sequential extraction procedure (BCR) was used to determine the detailed distribution of heavy metals. 20% of tailings were replaced with cement. Tailings aggregates used in construction reduces the cost of construction and minimize the emissions of CO2 to the environment as cement consumption reduced. Characterizations supported the stabilized structure of concrete after activation methods applied. Overall, it was concluded that activation methods can treat tailings powders and make them suitable for safe utilization in construction. Mechanical activation (200 rpm), mechano-chemical-activation (Graphene Oxide, 0.03%) and microwave oven activation at high power for 40 minutes was selected for successful applications for concrete based on tailings due to their better stabilizing effects and Cementous properties.
A rare case of FH-deficient renal cell carcinoma with signet ring cells features
Authors: Lu Yin , Hu Chunfang , Jia Jiedong , Liu Ye , Wen Yanlin , Zhang Huijuan , Wang Xiaoliang , Li Haitao , Shen Guihua , Huang Wenting 
Published: December 2024

Abstract

Fumarate hydratase-deficient renal cell carcinoma (FH-deficient RCC) is a clinically aggressive tumor with high rates of progression and mortality. A wide range of morphological variations has been observed in FH-deficient RCC, initially described as type 2 papillary RCC or unclassified RCC. Here, we report a case of FH-deficient RCC with rare signet ring cells features. The patient was diagnosed with FH-deficient renal cell carcinoma and suspected to have hereditary leiomyomatosis and renal cell cancer (HLRCC) syndrome. After 4 months, pulmonary metastasis occurred in the patient. We herein describe the first case of FH-deficient renal tumor with signet ring cells features, which expands the morphological spectrum of this tumor and may suggest a poor prognosis.
Mitigation of adverse effect of cadmium toxicity in lettuce (Lactuca sativa L.) through foliar application of chitosan and spermidine
Authors: Rafique Maham , Noreen Zahra , Usman Sheeraz , Shah Anis Ali , Taj Hafsa , Raja Vaseem , El-Sheikh Mohamed A. 
Published: December 2024

Abstract

Cd stress is considered among the most harmful abiotic stresses because of its toxicity and ability to alter the ultrastructure of plants. Lettuce has a strong ability to collect Cd from the soil but also has a negative effect on its development and nutritional quality. To address this issue, foliar sprays of chitosan and spermidine have been used as feasible remedies because of their reported ability to improve plant tolerance to heavy metals. The effects of Cd and foliar treatment with chitosan, spermidine and their combination on the morphological, physiological, and biochemical attributes of two Lactuca sativa L. varieties were estimated in this study. The experiment was performed in 48 pots with 2 varieties in a four-way completely randomized design (CRD) with 3 replicates. Cd stress was applied by using 0 and 10 ppm CdCl2. The concentrations of exogenous chitosan and spermidine were 200 and 145 ppm, respectively. Both Lactuca sativa varieties presented similar results under Cd stress and presented significant reductions in biomass. Foliar sprays of chitosan and spermidine increased the morphology, photosynthetic features, secondary metabolites, and antioxidant activity; decreased H2O2 and MDA; and improved RMP in both varieties. This work aims to provide useful insights into sustainable techniques for increasing lettuce plant resilience against Cd toxicity by explaining the synergistic effects of chitosan and spermidine.
Optimized Feature Selection and Enhanced Recurrent Neural Network for Financial Fraud Detection
Authors: Chandrashekar Rakesh , Onyema Edeh Michael , Mallik Saurav , Kavin Balasubramanian Prabhu , Archakam Jayasheel Kumar Kalagatoori , Annamalai Deepak Arun , Shah Mohd Asif 
Published: December 2024

Abstract

Financial fraud presents a significant challenge worldwide, impeding the steady growth of financial markets. However, detecting fraud is complicated by an imbalanced dataset, where the number of legitimate transactions fraudulent ones. To address this issue, intelligent financial statement fraud detection solutions have been industrialised to assist stakeholders in making informed decisions. This study proposes a novel approach to fraud detection using a Modified Uni-directional Deep-Recurrent Neural Network (MDRNN) model. The model is augmented by the Artificial Rabbit Optimization Algorithm (AROA) to enhance classification accuracy by selecting relevant features. Additionally, the parameters of the MDRNN model were optimized using the Red Fox Optimization (RFO) model. A comparative analysis between the proposed method and existing approaches was conducted and it proved greater efficiency compared to other techniques. The model accomplished an accuracy of 95.65% and identified 591 fraudulent transactions correctly. The outcome of this study would contribute to the improvement of classification accuracy, reduction of misclassification of credit card transactions, and associated cost, and enhancement of financial transaction security.
Predicting response to patients with gastric cancer via dynamic-aware model with longitudinal liquid biopsy data
Authors: chen zifan , Zhao Jie , Li Yanyan , Li Yilin , Nan Xinyu , Liu Huimin , Feng Xujiao , Dong Bin , Shen Lin , Chen Yang , Zhang Li 
Published: December 2024

Abstract

Gastric cancer (GC) presents challenges in predicting treatment responses due to patient-specific heterogeneity. Recently, liquid biopsies have emerged as a valuable data modality, providing essential cellular and molecular insights and facilitating the capture of time-sensitive information. This study aimed to harness artificial intelligence (AI) technology to analyze longitudinal liquid biopsy data. We collected a dataset from longitudinal liquid biopsies of 91 patients at Peking Cancer Hospital, spanning from July 2019 to April 2022, including 1,895 tumor-related cellular images and 1,698 tumor marker indices. Subsequently, we introduced a Dynamic-Aware Model (DAM) to predict GC treatment responses. DAM incorporates dynamic data through AI components for in-depth longitudinal analysis. Using three-fold cross-validation, DAM exhibited superior performance in predicting treatment responses compared to traditional methods (AUCs: 0.807 vs. 0.582), maintained stable efficacy in the test set (AUC: 0.802), and accurately predicted responses from early treatment data. Moreover, DAM's visual analysis of attention mechanisms identified six key visual features associated strongly with treatment responses. These findings represent a pioneering effort in applying AI technology for interpreting longitudinal liquid biopsy data and employ visual analytics in GC, offering a promising avenue toward precise response prediction and tailored treatment strategies for patients with GC.
Forensic analysis of dead bodies recovered from wells in North Tunisia: Autopsy-based study.
Authors: ZAARA Mohamed Amine , GHARBAOUI Mariem , HMANDI Ons , FTIMA Mohamed Aymen BEN , BELLALI Mohamed , ALLOUCHE Mohamed , KHELIL Mehdi BEN 
Published: December 2024

Abstract

Background: This study aimed to analyze the pattern and post-mortem findings of dead bodies found in wells in Northern Tunisia.
A cross-sectional retrospective study was conducted in northern Tunisia over 15 years (2005-2019). Epidemiological features, well characteristics, autopsy findings, cause of death, and manner of death were analyzed.
Results: Findings showed a male predominance (sex ratio M/F 2.38), with a median age of 37.5 years. The deceased lived primarily in rural areas (61.4%) and 27.8% were daily laborers. A history of mental illness was reported in 36.9% of the cases and a history of suicide attempts in 29 cases (16.5%). The wells were unprotected in most of the cases (91.5%). Bodies were found mainly in wells located near/in the homes of the decedents (50.3%). Putrefaction was observed in 18.2% of the cases and suggestive signs of immersion in 88.1%. The cause of death in our study was mainly drowning (82.4%). The cause of death was concluded as accidental in 58.5%.
Conclusion: Deceased individuals discovered in wells remain a challenge for forensic pathologists. This study contributed to identifying the patterns of the deceased.
Compressive Strength and Isothermal Calorimetry Study of Binary and Ternary Geopolymer Mortars at Early Age
Authors: Pan Zhu , Jiang Zhirui , Sun Xiaokun , Zhang Mo , Cao Yifang 
Published: December 2024

Abstract

The reaction process of geopolymers is closely related to their early-stage setting behaviours and mechanical properties. This paper investigates the early reaction, dissolution, and setting characteristics of composite geopolymer binders that include fly ash, calcium aluminate cement (CAC), and silica fume (SF). The reaction process of the geopolymer binders were analysed by using isothermal calorimetry, inductively coupled plasma optical emission spectrometry (ICP-OES) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). All starting materials were activated using a combination of NaOH solution and Na2SiO3 solution at a ratio of 1:2.5. In the alkali-activated CAC/SF/fly ash system, the calorimetric curves exhibited only one peak within the first 10 minutes of reaction. In contrast, the alkali-activated CAC/fly ash system showed a second peak at around 9 hours for the mixture containing 20% CAC. A strong linear relationship was found between the cumulative heat value and the compressive strength of all investigated mixes at early ages.
Study of mismatched negativity in patients with unilateral sudden sensorineural hearing loss
Authors: Hu Pingping , Liu Di , Chen Chen , Xu Li , Guan Bing , Zhu Bin 
Published: December 2024

Abstract

Objective
This study was conducted to investigate the functional status of the auditory center in patients with different types of unilateral sudden sensorineural hearing loss (SSNHL).
Methods
All experimental protocols were approved by the Ethics Committee of Northern Jiangsu People’s Hospita,with approval ID 2019107. Our team confirms that all research was performed in accordance with relevant guidelines in accordance with the Declaration of Helsinki. MMN, pure tone audiometry (PTA), and auditory brainstem response (ABR) were performed on patients with different types of unilateral SSNHL and 25 healthy controls. The characteristics of latency and wave amplitude of MMN in each group were observed, and the differences in latency and amplitude of MMN between the four groups and the healthy control group were compared.
Results
All the subjects elicited MMN waveforms, and there was a significant difference in MMN latency between the four groups of SSNHL patients and healthy controls (p < 0.05).
Conclusion
The latency of MMN in patients with different types of unilateral SSNHL is shorter than that in the control group. And researchers hypothesized that the auditory function of the cerebral cortex of patients with unilateral SSNHL has changed, resulting in corresponding changes in their auditory centers and adaptive changes in their function.
Surgical treatment for refractory spontaneous pneumothorax （experience of 16 cases）
Authors: Liang Hailong , Yan Zhaofei , Liu Xuanchen , Yan Tiansheng 
Published: December 2024

Abstract

Background
Recurrence is major existing problem in spontaneous pneumothorax (SP) therapy. Refractory SP refers to recurrent SP post previous VATS or pleurodesis. There is no consensus on how to treat refractory SP so as to avoid another recurrence. We introduce our experiences in reoperation for such refractory SP.
Methods
we retrospectively review 16 consecutive cases of refractory SP who received repeated VATS treatment in Beijing University of Chinese medicine Dongfang Hospital. Perioperative data are documented, and postoperative follow up is made, with emphasis on introducing surgical strategy and special technique established by our team, and discussing how these measures could effectively avoid recurrence.
Results
Among all qualified patients,15 cases had previous VATS history,1 case had previous chemical pleurodesis history. VATS therapy was performed in all cases, and was converted to thoracotomy only in 1 case due to severe thoracic callous-like adhesions. All patients recovered well and were discharged. Mean postoperative follow-up time is 15.2 months. 3 cases of recurrence happened. Among them,2 cases were cured by drainage ,1 case were cured with oxygen inhalation.
Conclusions
Our proposed surgical strategy and techniques may effectively treating refractory SP and prevent further recurrence.
Clinical Application of Customized Total temporomandibular joint prosthesis by 3D printing：A five-year follow-up study
Authors: Xu Qingyu , Huo Liang , Wei Xiang , Han Zixiang , Bu Lingtong , Chen Minjie , Zheng Jisi , Yang Chi 
Published: December 2024

Abstract

Objectives
This study aims to evaluate the clinical efficacy and stability of customized total temporomandibular joint (TMJ) prosthesis by 3D printing from TMJ Yang’s prosthesis system after five-years follow-up.
Materials and Methods
This prospective single-center case series study recruited patients required total TMJ prosthesis replacement from March 2016 to September 2022. Patient information was collected and followed up at 1 month, 3 months, 6 months, 1 year, 2 years and 5 years post-surgery. Using CT and panoramic scans to evaluate the prosthesis’ position and bone integration. Pain, diet and mandibular function were evaluated by VAS score, and maximum interincisal opening, mouth opening deviation and mandibular maximum forward and lateral movement were recorded. SPSS was used for data analysis.
Results
49 consecutive patients with an average age of 52.88 ± 13.78 years were included. The mean follow-up time was 5.00 ± 1.88 years. There were no postoperative infections, and the wound healed well. The occlusion and facial type remained stable, with stable prosthesis and excellent bone integration. After surgery, pain, mandibular function, and diet improved significantly (P < 0.05) and remained stable 1 year later. The maximum interincisal opening increased (P < 0.05), with mouth opening deviation and movement on the diseased side similar to preoperative levels, but movement on the non-diseased side and forward movement decreased slightly.
Conclusions
The customized total TMJ prosthesis by 3D printing from TMJ Yang’s prosthesis system has a good efficacy and stability during five years’ clinical application.
Clinical Relevance:
This study provides a new, safe and effective prosthesis option for temporomandibular joint reconstruction.
Trial registration
Prospective reports on Chinese customized total temporomandibular joint prosthesis reconstruction cases (ChiCTRONC16009712). http//www.chictr.org.cn/showproj.aspx?proj=16091
Association of hospital teaching characteristics with readmission and complication outcomes among patients receiving radiotherapy and brachytherapy for breast cancer: A Nationwide Readmissions Database Analysis
Authors: Zhong Yimei , Liu Bingxin , Zhou Jifang , Ge Yali , Rui Na , Shen Liliang , Yang Fan 
Published: December 2024

Abstract

Background
Radiotherapy and brachytherapy are common treatments for breast cancer, but few studies have examined the impact of hospital characteristics on patient outcomes. This study evaluated the influence of hospital teaching status on prognosis and healthcare resource utilization (HCRU) in breast cancer patients receiving these therapies.
Method
We conducted a retrospective cohort analysis using the US Nationwide Readmissions Database (NRD), including female breast cancer patients aged ≥ 18 years who received brachytherapy or radiotherapy between January 1, 2016, and December 30, 2021. Logistic regression models assessed the association between hospital teaching status and outcomes such as radiation-related complications, in-hospital mortality, and readmission rates.
Results
Of 9,030 patients, 7,177 (79.5%) were treated at teaching hospitals. Teaching hospital patients were younger, had higher rates of metastatic cancer, and were less likely to undergo breast-conserving surgery or mastectomy. In-hospital mortality was higher for radiotherapy than brachytherapy (4.2% vs 0.3%), with no significant difference between hospital types. Radiation-related complications were more frequent in non-teaching hospitals for both radiotherapy (OR: 1.11 [1.01, 1.21]) and brachytherapy (OR: 1.59 [0.97, 2.62]). Radiotherapy readmission rates were lower at non-teaching hospitals at 30 (OR: 0.82 [0.70, 0.95]) and 90 days (OR: 0.84 [0.74, 0.95]), with reduced costs and shorter length of stay.
Conclusion
Significant differences in prognosis and HCRU exist for breast cancer patients undergoing radiotherapy at teaching versus non-teaching hospitals, warranting further investigation.
Clinicolaboratory characteristics and one-year survival among group 1 pulmonary hypertension in a university hospital
Authors: Ahmed Mostafa K. , Tohamy Ali M. , Ali Mostafa H. , Seedik Mohamed I. , Wafy Safa M. 
Published: December 2024

Abstract

Background: Pulmonary arterial hypertension is a life-threatening disorder of the pulmonary vascular system that can lead to right-sided heart failure, respiratory failure, and death. Still, more knowledge is needed to understand this complex disease. The study objective is to evaluate the clinicolaboratory characteristics of group 1 pulmonary hypertension patients and their survival in Assiut University pulmonary hypertension Unit throughout the study time.
Patients and methods: Consecutive patients referred to Assiut University Chest Department Pulmonary Hypertension unit in collaboration with cardiology department for diagnosis and management. Patients were diagnosed as group 1 pulmonary hypertension (PH) included in the study. Patients' demographic data, clinical presentation, electrocardiography, laboratory data, invasive and noninvasive hemodynamics at presentation were recorded. The patients were followed through the study time to identify their survival.
Results: Out of 40 patients referred to the Pulmonary Hypertension unit throughout the study period, 29 patients have group 1 PH and were included. Their mean age was 44.10±15.14 years, most of them were females (86.2%), 44.8% of patients presented with WHO functional class II, 48.3% of patients with FC III, and 6.9% of patients with FC IV. The mean six minutes walking distance was 256.97±89.46 meters. Pulmonary artery catheterization hemodynamic parameters were mean pulmonary artery pressure 52.48±18.24 mmHg, pulmonary vascular resistance 13.32±7.31 WU, cardiac index 2.32±0.83 L/min/m2, and mixed venous oxygen saturation 59.6±7 %. The mean follow-up duration is 12.6 ± 8.8 months, and their survival at the end of study time was 82.35%. Serum uric acid, pulmonary vascular resistance, pulmonary artery systolic pressure, and age are predictors of disease progression and mortality.
Conclusion:
Group 1 pulmonary hypertension is an uncommon complex disease with a difficult early diagnosis. Its Clinical presentation varies from insidious breathlessness, syncope, palpitation, and obvious right heart failure. Some factors as serum uric acid, pulmonary vascular resistance, pulmonary artery systolic pressure, and age are associated with prognosis. 1-year survival was 82.35%.
Trial registration: ClinicalTrials.gov ID: NCT0479145.