bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Environmental methods used by veterinary centres to reduce stress of cats and dogs during practice visits
Authors: Williams Taylor , Carroll Aisling , Montrose V. Tamara 
Published: February 2019

Background:The veterinary practice can be a stressful environment for pets. The stress animals experience when visiting the practice can impact on health, welfare and the likelihood of owners regularly visiting the practice. A number of different approaches have been suggested to be beneficial in reducing stress at the veterinary practice however the methods that practices use to try and reduce stress in animals during veterinary visits, and the reasons for the use of these approaches, has not been determined.Aim:The aim of this study was to determine what methods veterinary practices in the UK use to try to reduce stress in animals during veterinary visits, and gather the views of veterinary staff on the efficacy of these practices.Method:Veterinary practices in the UK (n=45) completed an online mixed methods questionnaire providing information on the practice's use of separate waiting rooms, treat feeding, rehearsal visits, correct handling of animals, appeasing pheromones and sensory enrichment. The reasons why these approaches were or were not used, and the participants' views on whether these practices reduced stress during veterinary visits were also determined.Results:The majority of practices surveyed fed treats to animals during veterinary visits, offered rehearsal visits to animals and their owners, used appeasing pheromones in the practice and stated that they used correct handling techniques for different species during consultations. In addition, the majority of practices surveyed did not have more than one waiting room or use a television or auditory device to try and reduce stress in animals during veterinary visits. The majority of participants believed that separate waiting rooms, rehearsal visits, treat feeding, appeasing pheromones, sensory enrichment and correct handling can reduce stress in animals during veterinary visits.Conclusion:A range of methods are used by veterinary practices within the UK to attempt to reduce stress in animals during veterinary visits. Greater consideration of methods to facilitate separation of species where distinct waiting rooms are not feasible, for example via implementing appointments for cats and dogs on different days and times, would be beneficial. In addition, veterinary staff should consider utilising classical or specially designed species-specific music in the veterinary practice as this may help mitigate the stress of cats and dogs visiting the practice.
Reviews
Authors: Adler Susan A. , Chen Sicong , Sears Alan 
Published: February 2019

Abstract
CIVICS AND CITIZENSHIP EDUCATION IN AUSTRALIA, ANDREW PETERSON AND LIBBY TUDBALL (EDS) (2017) London, Oxford, New York, New Delhi, Sydney: Bloomsbury Academic, 281 pp., ISBN 9781474248198, hb, $148 USD.
International Mobility and Educational Desire: Chinese Foreign Talent Students in Singapore, PEIDONG YANG (2016) New York: Palgrave Macmillan, xiii+136 pp., ISBN 978-1-13759-142-5, h/bk, £37.99
Anxious Politics: Democratic Citizenship in a Threatenin g World, BETHANY ALBERTSON AND SHANA KUSHNER GADARIAN (EDS) (2015) New York: Cambridge University Press, 247 pp., ISBN-13: 978-1-31641-665-5, p/bk, CAD$35.95
REMOTE SENSING AND GIS FOR LAND COVER CLASSIFICATION AND CHANGE DETECTION IN GAZIPUR SADAR, BANGLADESH DURING 1973-2017
Authors: Hassan Md Arafat , Islam Rakibul , Mahjabin Rehnuma 
Published: February 2019

This paper has been developed to capture the land coverage change in Gazipur Sadar Upazila with the help of remote sensing data of 44 years from 1973 to 2017. After acquiring the study area image of 1973, 1991, 2006 and 2017 supervised classification method has been used to get the accurate information from the satellite image and the whole outcome has been transformed into measurable unit (sq km) and graphs. The accuracy of land coverage was ranged from 85% to 89%. The outcome says that the acceleration of economic growth and pressure of huge population took a heavy toll on the vegetation coverage which decreased -199.7%. People are destroying vegetation coverage for building up settlements and infrastructure. In the year 2017, the map shows that the built-up area increased 312.9% for industry, settlement and agricultural purpose. Moreover agricultural land also drops down from 42% to 32%. The rapid rate of decreasing vegetation coverage and small amount of existing vegetation coverage only 57 sq km (in 2017) is a red alert for the region. The Sal forest and other special flora species of that region is valuable resource for environment. This paper shed light on the fact that it is urgent to protect vegetation coverage so it will help the authority to make good policies and use other techniques to save vegetation coverage.
Eine Heilige in Gesellschaft: Formen der Kooperation in der ›Legende von Prothus und Hyacinthus‹ bei Jacobus von Voragine, der Lichtenthaler Schreiberin Regula und Gottfried Keller
Authors: Lembke Astrid 
Published: February 2019

Abstract
This paper explores variations in portrayals of cooperation and friendship in legends of martyrs, focussing on the ›The Legend of Saints Protus and Hyacinth‹ in different historical contexts. When adapting the legend in the fifteenth-century, the compiler and copyist Sister Regula amended the standard ›Legenda Aurea‹ version by introducing an additional plot line recounting cooperation between two female martyrs. In turn, in the nineteenth century, the Swiss author Gottfried Keller dismissed the notion of spiritual friendship altogether and replaced it with the ideal of a hierarchical relationship between spouses.
Robust and energy-efficient expression recognition based on improved deep ResNets
Authors: Chen Yunhua , Du Jin , Liu Qian , Zhang Ling , Zeng Yanjun 
Published: February 2019

Abstract
To improve the robustness and to reduce the energy consumption of facial expression recognition, this study proposed a facial expression recognition method based on improved deep residual networks (ResNets). Residual learning has solved the degradation problem of deep Convolutional Neural Networks (CNNs); therefore, in theory, a ResNet can consist of infinite number of neural layers. On the one hand, ResNets benefit from better performance on artificial intelligence (AI) tasks, thanks to its deeper network structure; meanwhile, on the other hand, it faces a severe problem of energy consumption, especially on mobile devices. Hence, this study employs a novel activation function, the Noisy Softplus (NSP), to replace rectified linear units (ReLU) to get improved ResNets. NSP is a biologically plausible activation function, which was first proposed in training Spiking Neural Networks (SNNs); thus, NSP-trained models can be directly implemented on ultra-low-power neuromorphic hardware. We built an 18-layered ResNet using NSP to perform facial expression recognition across datasets Cohn-Kanade (CK+), Karolinska Directed Emotional Faces (KDEF) and GENKI-4K. The results achieved better anti-noise ability than ResNet using the activation function ReLU and showed low energy consumption running on neuromorphic hardware. This study not only contributes a solution for robust facial expression recognition, but also consolidates the low energy cost of their implementation on neuromorphic devices, which could pave the way for high-performance, noise-robust and energy-efficient vision applications on mobile hardware.
A method of synthesis of irredundant circuits admitting single fault detection tests of constant length
Authors: Romanov Dmitry S. , Romanova Elena Yu. 
Published: February 2019

Abstract
A constructive proof is given that in each of the bases B′ = {x&y, x⊕y, x ∼ y}, B1 = {x&y, x⊕y, 1} any n-place Boolean function may be implemented:

by an irredundant combinational circuit with n inputs and one output admitting (under single stuck-at faults at inputs and outputs of gates) a single fault detection test of length at most 16,
by an irredundant combinational circuit with n inputs and one output admitting (under single stuck-at faults at inputs and outputs of gates and at primary inputs) a single fault detection test of length at most 2n−2log2 n+O(1); besides, there exists an n-place function that cannot be implemented by an irredundant circuit admitting a detecting test whose length is smaller than 2n−2log2 n − Ω(1),
by an irredundant combinational circuit with n inputs and three outputs admitting (under single stuck-at faults at inputs and outputs of gates and at primary inputs) a single fault detection test of length at most 17.
On bijunctive predicates over a finite set
Authors: Selezneva Svetlana N. 
Published: February 2019

Abstract
The paper is concerned with representations of predicates over a finite set in the form of generalized conjunctive normal forms (GCNF). Properties of predicates GCNF are found which are preserved by some majority function. Such predicates are called generalized bijunctive predicates. These properties are used to construct new faster polynomial algorithms for the generalized satisfiability problem in the case when some majority function preserves all the original predicates.
An “Authoritarian Spring?” Authoritarianism and the 2018 Midterm Elections
Authors: Cizmar Anne M. , McTague John 
Published: February 2019

Abstract
This paper examines the role of authoritarianism in the 2018 US congressional elections. In particular, we assess whether the issues that have historically been central to the authoritarian divide in the American electorate were salient in the campaigns of several important Senate races. We demonstrate that authoritarian attitudes played a consistent, significant role on presidential vote choice, party identification, and numerous policy areas in the 2016 presidential election using data from the American National Election Studies. Using case studies of six Senate races in the 2018 midterm elections, we find that authoritarianism was more muted than in 2016, and that the role of authoritarianism varied considerably depending upon the race. States with stronger Trump support in 2016 featured authoritarianism more heavily than states with less Trump support in 2016, but authoritarianism overall was not as prominent in 2018 as in 2016. Overall, Senate candidates relied on traditional campaign messages related to candidate qualifications, personal attacks, the economy, and other messages less central to authoritarianism.
Evaluating Candidate Positioning and Success in the 2018 Midterm Elections
Authors: Williamson Ryan D. 
Published: February 2019

Abstract
The 2018 House midterm elections saw Democrats regain a majority in the chamber for the first time in almost a decade. Contributing to this partisan change was the difficult situation Republican House incumbents were subject to. This article will examine the different factors contributing to the Republicans’ loss including the role of ideology in candidate success in both the primary and general election stage, the effects of retirements and open seats, and the value of presidential endorsements and legislative position taking.
Predictors of sexual function in pregnant Iranian adolescents
Authors: Bahrami-vazir Ellahe , Mirghafourvand Mojgan , Mohammad-Alizadeh-Charandabi Sakineh , Kamalifard Mahin 
Published: February 2019

Abstract

Introduction
Human sexual activity is one of the main aspects of life. The present study intended to determine the status of sexual function in pregnant adolescents at their second trimester of pregnancy and its predictive factors.

Materials and methods
This cross-sectional research studied 136 adolescents aged 15–19 years in their 24th–30th gestational weeks. All eligible pregnant adolescents in all 80 health centers of Tabriz, Iran were considered as the study samples. The data were collected using a socio-demographic questionnaire, the Female Sexual Function Index (FSFI) and the Conflict Tactics Scale (CTS2). A general linear model was used to determine the relationships between sexual function and socio-demographic characteristics and intimate partner violence (IPV).

Results
The frequency of sexual dysfunction in pregnant adolescents was about 65%. The mean [standard deviation (SD)] of total sexual function score was 25.3 (5.9) from the attainable score of 2–36. The pregnant adolescents obtained the lowest and the highest mean scores in the sexual desire and sexual satisfaction subscales, respectively. Shorter marital duration and IPV were sexual function predictors.

Conclusion
Considering the high prevalence of sexual dysfunction in pregnant adolescent, and the impact of IPV on sexual function, midwives should take the necessary actions in identifying and consulting this disorder and IPV in their prenatal visits.
Centralizers of automorphisms permuting free generators
Authors: Macedońska Olga , Tomaszewski Witold 
Published: February 2019

Abstract
By σ ∈ Skm we denote a permutation of the cycle-type km and also the induced automorphism permuting subscripts of free generators in the free group Fkm. It is known that the centralizer of the permutation σ in Skm is isomorphic to a wreath product Zk ≀ Sm and is generated by its two subgroups: the first one is isomorphic to
$\begin{array}{}
\displaystyle
Z_k^m
\end{array}$, the direct product of m cyclic groups of order k, and the second one is Sm. We show that the centralizer of the automorphism σ ∈ Aut(Fkm) is generated by its subgroups isomorphic to
$\begin{array}{}
\displaystyle
Z_k^m
\end{array}$ and Aut(Fm).
Extreme points and support points of conformal mappings
Authors: Peretz Ronen 
Published: February 2019

Abstract
There are three types of results in this paper. The first, extending a representation theorem on a conformal mapping that omits two values of equal modulus. This was due to Brickman and Wilken. They constructed a representation as a convex combination with two terms. Our representation constructs convex combinations with unlimited number of terms. In the limit one can think of it as an integration over a probability space with the uniform distribution. The second result determines the sign of ℜ L(z0(f(z))2) up to a remainder term which is expressed using a certain integral that involves the Löwner chain induced by f(z), for a support point f(z) which maximizes ℜ L. Here L is a continuous linear functional on H(U), the topological vector space of the holomorphic functions in the unit disk U = {z ∈ ℂ | |z| < 1}. Such a support point is known to be a slit mapping and f(z0) is the tip of the slit ℂ − f(U). The third demonstrates some properties of support points of the subspace Sn of S. Sn contains all the polynomials in S of degree n or less. For instance such a support point p(z) has a zero of its derivative p′(z) on ∂U.
Increasing Collegiate Strength and Conditioning Coaches' Communication of Training Performance and Process Goals With Athletes
Authors: Moore E. Whitney G. , Quartiroli Alessandro , Zakrajsek Rebecca , Eckenrod Morgan 
Published: February 2019

ABSTRACT
THIS ARTICLE PRESENTS INFORMATION ABOUT GOAL SETTING AND HOW STRENGTH AND CONDITIONING COACHES (SCCs) CAN INCORPORATE GOAL SETTING STRATEGIES IN THEIR ATHLETES' TRAINING. THE ARTICLE PRESENTS AN OVERVIEW OF OUTCOME, PERFORMANCE, AND PROCESS GOALS, BASED ON THE SPECIFIC, MEASURABLE, AGGRESSIVE YET ACHIEVABLE, RELEVANT, AND TIME-BOUND (SMAART) FRAMEWORK. STRATEGIES SCCs CAN USE ARE PRESENTED TO ILLUSTRATE HOW TO INCREASE THE EFFECTIVENESS OF THE PERFORMANCE AND PROCESS GOALS THAT INFORMED THE PROGRAM PERIODIZATION AND FEEDBACK PROVIDED BY THE SCC. THIS ARTICLE AIMS TO START BRIDGING THE GAP BETWEEN SCC FAMILIARITY WITH GOAL SETTING AND INCORPORATION OF THIS MENTAL STRATEGY INTO THEIR COMMUNICATION WITH ATHLETES ABOUT TRAINING.
Behavior of Specialty Binders Mixed with Seawater
Authors: Bertola Federica , Gastaldi Daniela , Canonico Fulvio 
Published: February 2019

Abstract
In recent years, worldwide research has been facing the challenge of finding solutions able to decrease the environmental impact of cement and concrete production. Many strategies could be adopted in order to reach this goal, such as reducing the clinker factor in cement or producing alternative clinkers to portland clinker, in addition to the adoption of efficient water recycling processes in concrete production, thus reducing the consumption of natural resources. An interesting approach to implementing the different strategies is to develop concretes combining the use of cement and seawater, permitting a significant saving in fresh water consumption and offering an important benefit to countries that are facing a water shortage. Thanks to the recent technological improvement in the composite material sector, corrosion-free reinforcements have been successfully developed, thus proposing an alternative to steel rebars in concrete, especially in exposure conditions that are critical because of the presence of chloride, or even in combination with seawater. The use of a specialty binder based on an intrinsically low pH and a high sulfate resistance can be beneficial for the stability of the concrete and of the embedded glass-fiber–reinforced polymer rebars. This article compares the mineralogical and mechanical behavior of pastes and mortars containing (1) limestone portland cement, (2) sulfoaluminate cement and (3) a blend of the two, when mixed with seawater. Compressive strength and drying shrinkage tests were performed, and the results were interpreted on the basis of the microstructural data obtained through X-Ray Diffraction (XRD) and Differential Scanning Calorimetry (DSC). The results suggest that the phase assemblage of the systems and, in particular, the equilibria among the different Al2O3-Fe2O3-monovalent anion (AFm)/Al2O3-Fe2O3-trivalent anion (AFt) minerals play a key role in the strength development mechanism.
Investigation of Macroscopic and Microscopic Behavior of Gravels Using Triaxial Compression Test with CT Scan
Authors: Jiang Jingshan , Lin Cheng , Cheng Zhanlin , Zuo Yongzhen 
Published: February 2019

Abstract
A large number of studies have been conducted to investigate macroscopic responses of gravelly soils using large-scale triaxial compression tests; however, particle-level responses of gravelly soils under triaxial compression remain poorly explored. Here, we reported a series of large-scale triaxial compression tests on uniformly graded gravels subjected to a low to medium range of confining pressures (200–800 kPa). We further investigated the particle-level responses of the gravels using the combined triaxial compression test with computed tomography (CT) scan. A computer image analysis program was developed to analyze the CT images, providing visualized and quantitative particle displacement and rotation. Based on the experimental results, the stress-strain relationships at different confining pressures and the microscopic characteristics of the gravels (e.g., changes in internal structures) under different deviator stress levels were discussed. The changes in particle-level responses were linked to those in macroscopic responses. From both macroscopic and microscopic analyses, some insights into the underlying mechanism of the stress-strain relationships were provided.
Utilization of Fine Solid Waste in Asphalt Mortar
Authors: Zhang Hengji , Li Hui , Abdelhady Ahmed , Mo Dingcheng , Harvey John 
Published: February 2019

Abstract
Asphalt mortar consists of asphalt and filler and exerts a vital influence on the performance of asphalt materials. Nowadays, plenty of fine solid waste with extremely different physical and chemical properties has been reused in asphalt materials. Therefore, this study aims to analyze the effect of reusing fine solid waste as filler on the performance of asphalt mortar and investigate the possibility of utilizing the fine solid waste in asphalt mortar. Firstly, a scanning electron microscope was used to investigate the microstructure of limestone ore powder, fly ash, diatomite, and red mud. Secondly, the workability, high temperature property, and adhesion ability of asphalt mortars with different filler types and volume ratios have been examined. Thirdly, a critical filler-bitumen ratio range was recommended in view of the aforesaid performances. Finally, analysis of variance was applied to study the relationship between the relative performance of asphalt mortar and physical properties of filler. The results indicated that the Rigden Void of the filler exerts an important influence on the workability and high temperature performance of asphalt mortar, while no significant effect was observed on the elastic and adhesion capacity of the asphalt mortar. Hence, the Rigden Void can be considered a more effective index than the fineness modulus to describe the geometric features of fillers. In addition, asphalt mortar with diatomite and red mud exhibited improvement in the high temperature property and adhesion ability in the case of dry and moist conditions.
Study of Grinding Edge on Tempered Glass Using Electroplated Diamond Abrasive Belts
Authors: Gao Chao , Wang Sheng , Liu Guangzhao , Wang Hui 
Published: February 2019

Abstract
This study aims at improving the grinding quality and efficiency of the grinding edges on tempered glass using electroplated diamond abrasive belts. Firstly, the most suitable diamond type and composition of metal coating were selected in the first experiment. Secondly, the structure parameters of abrasive belts, such as diamond grain size (dgs), chip clearance (chc), matrix thickness (mt), and coating thickness ratio (ctr), were optimized through an L9 (34) orthogonal experiment. Finally, the influences of the process parameters on the grinding effect were investigated, which are optimized by an L9 (33) orthogonal experiment. The results show the following: (1) the abrasive belt with the diamond type of SMD40 and metal coating of 90 % nickel, 5 % cobalt, 5 % copper (Ni90%-Co5%-Cu5%) weight percentage (wt.%) of the total weight of the coating metal possesses the best grinding performance for the grinding edges on tempered glass. (2) The best grinding quality can be achieved under the conditions of the 230/270 US mesh (63-53 μm) in dgs, 1.5 mm in chc, 1.2 mm in mt, and 2/3 in ctr. (3) The roughness decreases first and then increases with the increase of dgs and ctr, decreases with the increase of chc, and increases with the increase of mt. (4) With the increase of the grinding pressure (gp), the roughness increases, and the material removal rate increases first and then decreases; with the increase of belt linear velocity (blv), the roughness first descends and then tends to stability, and the material removal rate increases first and then decreases; with the increase of the belt tensioning force (btf), the roughness decreases, and the material removal rate increases first and then tends to be stable. (5) The best grinding performance can be achieved under gp of 18 N, blv of 30 m/s, and btf of 55 N.