bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Influence of substrate modification in catheter ablation of atrial fibrillation on the incidence of acute complications: Analysis of 10 795 procedures in J‐CARAF Study 2011‐2016
Authors: Murakawa Yuji , Yamane Teiichi , Goya Masahiko , Inoue Koichi , Naito Shigeto , Kumagai Koichiro , Miyauchi Yasushi , Morita Norishige , Nogami Akihiko , Shoda Morio , Okumura Ken , Hirao Kenzo ,   on behalf of the Japanese Heart Rhythm Society Members
Published: July 2018

AbstractBackground and purposeIn expectation of better outcome of catheter ablation of atrial fibrillation (AF), several strategies of extra‐PV (pulmonary vein) substrate modification have been utilized. We assessed whether substrate modification or ablation of extra‐PV source is a predictor of complications.MethodsJapanese Heart Rhythm Society requested electrophysiology centers to register the data of patients who underwent AF ablation.ResultsThe data of 10 795 AF ablation cases (age; 63.8 ± 10.6 years) treated during 2011‐2016 were registered. Pericardial effusion (n = 105), massive bleeding (n = 108), stroke (n = 6), atrial‐esophageal fistula (n = 2), and other 114 complications occurred in 323 patients (3.0%). Univariate analysis revealed that age ≧ 65 years, female gender, heart failure, CHA2DS2‐VASc≧3, hemodialysis, deep sedation, and complex fractionated atrial electrogram (CFAE)‐guided ablation ([+] vs [−] = 4.3% vs 2.8%, P = .005) were related with the higher incidence of complications. Redo session, 3‐D imaging system ([+] vs [−]: 4.4% vs 2.9%, P = .017), and periprocedural dabigatran were related with the lower incidence of complications. None of the linear ablation of the left atrium, ganglionated plexi ablation, and superior vena cava ablation affected the incidence of complications. Multiple logistic regression analysis showed that in addition to 3‐D imaging system, age ≧ 65 years, redo session, and deep sedation, CFAE ablation was an independent predictor of the risk of complications (OR 1.78, P = .001). Specifically, implantation of a permanent pacemaker due to emerging sinus node dysfunction was frequent after CFAE ablation (CFAE [+] vs [−] = 4/1047 vs 2/9748, P < .001).ConclusionsAmong extra‐PV ablation strategies, CFAE‐guided ablation is a predictor of ablation‐related complications.
High‐resolution reflection seismics reveal the structure and the evolution of the Quaternary glacial Tannwald Basin
Authors: Burschil Thomas , Buness Hermann , Tanner David C. , Wielandt‐Schuster Ulrike , Ellwanger Dietrich , Gabriel Gerald 
Published: July 2018

ABSTRACTOver‐deepened basins exist throughout the Alpine realm. Improving our knowledge on these basins is of high social relevance, since these areas are often well‐populated and they possess, for instance, unusual hydrological settings. Nonetheless, geophysical and sedimentological investigations of over‐deepened basins are rare. We analyse the sedimentary succession of such a basin, the Tannwald Basin, through geological interpretation of seismic reflection profiles. The basin is located approximately 60 km north of the European Alps. It was incised into Tertiary molasse sediments by the Rhine Glacier and later filled by glacial, fluvial, and lacustrine deposits of 250 m thickness. The Leibniz Institute for Applied Geophysics acquired a grid of five high‐resolution seismic reflection lines that imaged till the deepest parts of the Tannwald Basin. The seismic profiles, processed to a pre‐stack depth migration level, allow a detailed geological interpretation that is calibrated with the help of a nearby borehole. We determine the structure and the seismic facies of the sediment succession in the basin and presume the following hypothesis of the evolution of the basin: sub‐glacial erosion comprises the excavation of the over‐deepened basin as well as detachment of large fragments of molasse material. These molasse slabs were deposited within the basin in a layer of basal till that graded upwards in water‐lain till and fine‐grained deposits. During the last two glaciations, the basinal structure became buried by till sequences and glacio‐fluvial sediments.
Improved stability conditions for discrete‐time systems under dynamic network protocols
Authors: Liu Kun , Seuret Alexandre , Fridman Emilia , Xia Yuanqing 
Published: July 2018

SummaryThis paper deals with the stability of discrete‐time networked systems with multiple sensor nodes under dynamic scheduling protocols. Access to the communication medium is orchestrated by a weighted try‐once‐discard or by an independent and identically‐distributed stochastic protocol that determines which sensor node can access the network at each sampling instant and transmit its corresponding data. Through a time‐delay approach, a unified discrete‐time hybrid system with time‐varying delays in the dynamics and in the reset conditions is formulated under both scheduling protocols. Then, a new stability criterion for discrete‐time systems with time‐varying delays is proposed by the discrete counterpart of the second‐order Bessel‐Legendre integral inequality. The developed approach is applied to guarantee the stability of the resulting discrete‐time hybrid system model with respect to the full state under try‐once‐discard or independent and identically‐distributed scheduling protocol. The communication delays can be larger than the sampling intervals. Finally, the efficiency of the presented approach is illustrated by a cart‐pendulum system.
Surface characterisation of Escherichia coli under various conditions by near‐ambient pressure XPS
Authors: Kjærvik Marit , Schwibbert Karin , Dietrich Paul , Thissen Andreas , Unger Wolfgang E. S. 
Published: July 2018

Bacteria are inherently in a hydrated state and therefore not compatible to ultra‐high vacuum techniques such as XPS without prior sample preparation involving freeze drying or fast freezing. This has changed with the development of near‐ambient pressure (NAP)‐XPS, which makes it possible to characterise the bacterial surface with minimal sample preparation. This paper presents NAP‐XPS measurements of Escherichia coli under various NAP conditions: at 11 mbar in a humid environment, at 2 mbar after drying in the chamber, pre‐dried at 4 mbar, and at 1 mbar after overnight pumping at 10−4 mbar. The high‐resolution spectra of carbon, nitrogen, and oxygen are presented and found to be in general agreement with XPS measurements from freeze‐dried and fast‐frozen bacteria. However, it was found that the amount of carbon components associated with polysaccharides increases relative to aliphatic carbon during drying and increases further after overnight pumping. This implies that drying has an impact on the bacterial surface.
Repair of defects created by Ar+ sputtering on graphite surface by annealing as confirmed using ToF‐SIMS and XPS
Authors: Xie Wenjing , Weng Lu‐Tao , Yeung King Lun , Chan Chi‐Ming 
Published: July 2018

Defects were created on the surface of highly oriented pyrolytic graphite (HOPG) by sputtering with an Ar+ ion beam, then characterized using X‐ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) and time‐of‐flight secondary ion mass spectrometry (ToF‐SIMS) at 500°C. In the XPS C1s spectrum of the sputtered HOPG, a sp3 carbon peak appeared at 285.3 eV, representing surface defects. In addition, 2 sets of peaks, the Cx− and CxH− ion series (where x = 1, 2, 3...), were identified in the ToF‐SIMS negative ion spectrum. In the positive ion spectrum, a series of CxH2+• ions indicating defects was observed. Annealing of the sputtered samples under Ar was conducted at different temperatures. The XPS and ToF‐SIMS spectra of the sputtered HOPG after 800°C annealing were observed to be similar to the spectra of the fresh HOPG. The sp3 carbon peak had disappeared from the C1s spectrum, and the normalized intensities of the CxH− and CxH2+• ions had decreased. These results indicate that defects created by sputtering on the surface of HOPG can be repaired by high‐temperature annealing.
Donor‐Acceptor Styrylisoxazoles: Solvatochromism and Large First Hyperpolarizability
Authors: Katla Jagadish , Hazra Bidhan , Verma Mrigank Singh , Palakollu Veerabhadraiah , S Nagaraju , Chandra Manabendra , Kanvah Sriram 
Published: July 2018

AbstractThe present work describes the synthesis and linear as well as nonlinear optical studies of donor‐acceptor based styrylisoxazoles. Six styrylisoxazoles were synthesized, and examination of their photophysical properties reveals strong solvent polarity sensitivity due to intramolecular charge transfer characteristics. Most interestingly, we have measured large first hyperpolarizability (β) values for these styrylisoxazoles. The largest β value calculated was for the compound that bears the dimethylamine group as the donating moiety. Our current results suggest that a careful selection of the donor and acceptor groups can potentially lead to unprecedented enhancement of the (β) values of isoxazole derivatives.
Enantioselective Synthesis of β‐Nitrophosphonates Using Immobilized Quinine Organocatalyst on Mesoporous SBA‐15 as an Efficient Recyclable Catalyst
Authors: Nazish Mohd , Kumar Gaurav , Tak Rajkumar , Khan Noor‐ul H. , Kureshy Rukhsana I. 
Published: July 2018

AbstractQuinine (QN) organocatalyst immobilized on mesoporous SBA‐15 was synthesized by radical polymerization method. The characterization of the synthesized heterogeneous organocatalystQN‐SBA‐15(4 b) was accomplished by various physico‐chemical methods to confirm the successful loading of quinine organocatalyst over SBA‐15 material. The heterogeneous organocatalyst4 bwas used for asymmetric Michael addition of diphenylphosphite to nitroalkenes. In contrast to its homogeneous analogue, the catalytic activity of4 bwas significantly improved as revealed by high enantioselectivity (98%) and yield (92%) of β‐nitro phosphonates when molecular sieve was used as an additive. Moreover, the catalyst was recyclable for five cycles with retention of enantioselectivity and yield.
Vortex simulations of wind turbines operating in atmospheric conditions using a prescribed velocity‐vorticity boundary layer model
Authors: Ramos‐García Néstor , Spietz Henrik Juul , Sørensen Jens Nørkær , Walther Jens Honoré 
Published: July 2018

AbstractA prescribed velocity‐vorticity boundary layer model for the vorticity transport equation is proposed, which corrects the unphysical upward deflection of the wake seen in a simpler prescribed velocity shear approach. A Lagrangian implementation of the boundary layer model has been investigated using our in‐house vortex solver MIRAS. The MIRAS code contains both an aerodynamic part and a structural‐mechanical part taking into account aeroelastic phenomena. The solver is employed to simulate flows around wind turbines and uses a combination of filaments and particles in order to mimic the vorticity released by the wind turbine blades. The vorticity is interpolated onto a uniform Cartesian mesh, where the interaction is efficiently calculated by an fast Fourier transform‐based method. Simulations of wind turbines operating in an atmospheric boundary layer flow are carried out and analysed in detail for a range of scenarios. The manuscript focuses on studying the influence of wind shear and turbulence, which is varied to mimic natural atmospheric conditions. A traverse virtual probe up to 30 diameters downstream of the rotor plane is used to investigate the properties of the turbulent wake flow for the different cases. This includes mean and standard deviation of the streamwise velocity component, wake deficit, Reynolds stresses, and power spectral density of the velocity signal. The results show that combining a prescribed boundary layer approach with a vortex method gives consistent and physically correct results if properly implemented.
The impact of wind direction yaw angle on cliff flows
Authors: Barthelmie R. J. , Pryor S. C. 
Published: July 2018

AbstractThe behavior of flow close to a cliff at heights relevant to wind turbines is explored using observations and simulations from a field experiment conducted at the Wind Energy Institute of Canada Prince Edward Island field site. There are 4 wind turbines located approximately 100 m from a 12 m high cliff and a fifth turbine located 500 m inland. During the field experiment, ongoing mast‐based observations were supplemented with additional sonic anemometers and Doppler lidars. Consistent with wind tunnel measurements and previous model simulations, a small speedup in the flow (~3‐5%) at the turbine hub‐height (of 80 m) is observed when the flow is perpendicular to the cliff. The objective here is to determine the degree to which the magnitude of the speedup, or horizontal distance over which it is manifest, changes as the flow deviates from the perpendicular impingement angle (ie, for nonzero yaw angles). Results indicate that the zone of deceleration upwind of the cliff and the downwind acceleration zone are maintained with flow ±25° to the perpendicular. Further, there is little change in the relative magnitude of either the wind speed or the turbulence intensity with modest deviations from perpendicular flow. However, as the angle from the perpendicular increases (ie, flow becomes increasingly parallel to the coast), the impact on wind speed and turbulence intensity decreases and is manifest over narrow and spatially less coherent regions.
Appendiceal neuroendocrine tumors: approach and treatment
Authors: Abreu Rui Pedro Neto da Silva 
Published: July 2018

AbstractThe incidence of tumors in the appendix has increased over the years, and they are mainly found in the anatomical and pathological examination of appendices operated due to acute appendicitis. The annual incidence of neuroendocrine tumors of the appendix, also called carcinoid tumors, is 0.15–0.16 per 100,000 people. In absolute terms, the incidence of these tumors has increased in the last decade by 70–133%. Appendiceal carcinoid tumors occur more often in women, and are found in 0.3–0.9% of the appendices removed in appendectomies. They appear in the subepithelial neuroendocrine cells and have an indolent course, with the symptoms being indistinguishable from an acute appendicitis. There are two classifications, one presented by the European Neuroendocrine Tumor Society and the other by the American Joint Committee on Cancer. Both classifications use tumor size as a predictor of tumor burden. The classification used by European Neuroendocrine Tumor Society also uses the invasion of the mesoappendix to select the best surgical treatment. However, these classifications require the inclusion of more criteria to define the selection of surgical treatment of tumors between 1 and 2 cm. Thus, along with the size of the tumor and the invasion of the mesoappendix, other factors such as vascular invasion, ki67 index, mitotic index and tumor location should be considered at the time of classification, for a better selection of the treatment and prognostic evaluation.
Comprehensive strategy for capturing and integrating community input into community research training curricula
Authors: Cunningham-Erves Jennifer , Joosten Yvonne , Bruce Marino A. , Elzey Jared , Luther Patrick , Lipham Lexie , Vaughn Yolanda , Micah Tonya , Wilkins Consuelo H. , Miller Stephania T. 
Published: July 2018

IntroductionCommunity stakeholders often participate in community research training curricula development. There is limited information describing how their input informs curricula. This paper describes input solicitation methods, input received, and examples of its integration.MethodsFrom June 2014 to June 2016, community members (CMs) and community-based organizations (CBOs) guided curricula development tailored for CMs and CBOs, respectively. Engagement methods included a strategic planning retreat, surveys, a listening session, workgroup meetings, and community engagement studios. Descriptive statistics were used to summarize survey input. For other methods, input was extracted and compiled from facilitator notes.ResultsCMs (n=37) and CBOs (n=83) providing input included patients and caregivers and advocacy, community service, and faith-based organizations, respectively. The major feedback categories were training topic priorities, format (e.g., face-to-face vs. online), logistics (e.g., training frequency), and compensation (e.g., appropriateness). Input directly guided design of CBO and CM curricula (e.g., additional time devoted to specific topics based on feedback) or helped to finalize logistics.ConclusionsMultiple quantitative and qualitative methods can be used to elicit input from community stakeholders to inform the development of community research training curricula. This input is essential for the development of training curricula that are culturally relevant and acceptable.
A simple physics-based improvement to the positive degree day model
Authors: TSAI VICTOR C. , RUAN XIAOZHOU 
Published: July 2018

ABSTRACTMeltwater is important to understanding glacier health and dynamics. Since melt measurements are uncommon, ice ablation estimates are often based on models including the positive degree day (PDD) model. The PDD estimate is popular since it only requires air temperature as input, but suffers from the lack of physical motivation of an energy-balance model. We present a physics-based alternative to the PDD model that still only takes air/surface temperature as input. The model resembles the PDD model except accounting for time lags in ablation when cold ice needs to be warmed. The model is expressed as a differential equation with a single extra parameter related to the efficiency of heating a near-surface layer of ice. With zero thickness, the model reduces to the PDD model, providing a physical basis for the PDD model. Applying the model to data from Greenland, it improves modestly upon the PDD model, with the main improvement being better prediction of early season melting. This new model is a useful compromise, with some of the physics of more realistic models and the simplicity of a PDD model. The model should improve estimates of meltwater production and help constrain PDD parameters when empirical calibration is challenging.
Caste Dominance and Territory in South India: Understanding Kammas’ socio-spatial mobility
Authors: BENBABAALI DALEL 
Published: July 2018

AbstractThis article argues that taking territory into account is essential to understand the change in the scale and nature of caste dominance in contemporary India. The demonstration is based on an analysis of the socio-spatial trajectories of the Kammas—a dominant caste from Coastal Andhra, where they continue to own most of the land, even though they have migrated in large numbers towards the interior and southern regions of the Indian peninsula, both to newly irrigated areas and to the cities. The key positions they occupy in the politics and economy of Andhra Pradesh confer upon them a hegemonic character. However, this hegemony is threatened by the growing resistance of Dalits to caste and class oppression, while Kamma cultural domination, long contested in Telangana, is now challenged by the formation of the new state.
From Bonded to Industrial Labour: Precarity, Maoism, and ethnicity in a modern industrial factory in western Nepal
Authors: HOFFMANN MICHAEL PETER 
Published: July 2018

AbstractThis article focuses on how people who formerly worked as bonded labourers adapt to the new realities of an insecure capitalist labour market. It examines how the past shapes the uncertain labour situation of the present, including resistance. The article reflects on the current experiences of precarious labour at industrial sites in western Nepal. It describes how former bonded labourers and their descendants have begun working as contract workers in a modern industrial food-processing factory, with the help of contractors related to them by kin. The article further shows that one of the defining features of their new life as contract labourers is its chronic precariousness. Undisguised forms of confrontation, such as open disregard for management instructions, are also part of their new reality in the labour market. Contract labourers are often strongly assertive in the face of managerial authority, and this assertiveness has been shaped largely by either past experiences or memories of bonded labour. The article contributes to debates about bonded labour and its transformations in South Asia. It also offers a reflection on the limited impact of the Nepali Maoist Revolution on precarious labour and on the ethnic dimensions of this segment of Nepali society. Finally, it contributes to discussions about industrialization and Adivasi communities in South Asia and beyond.
Detection of potentially human infectious assemblages of Giardia duodenalis in fecal samples from beef and dairy cattle in Scotland
Authors: Bartley Paul M. , Roehe Beeke K. , Thomson Sarah , Shaw Hannah J. , Peto Frederieke , Innes Elisabeth A. , Katzer Frank 
Published: July 2018

AbstractThis study aimed to determine the prevalence and assemblages of Giardia duodenalis present in Scottish beef and dairy cattle at different ages, to try to ascertain if cattle could play a role in the spread of zoonotic assemblages of Giardia. A total of 388 fecal samples (128 beef and 253 dairy, seven of unknown breed) were collected from 19 farms in Scotland. Samples were sub-divided by host age, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5 and 6, 7–24 and ⩾25 weeks. DNA was extracted and tested by PCR to detect G. duodenalis DNA. Of the 388 samples, 126 tested positive, giving an overall prevalence of 32.5%, with positive samples being observed in all age groups tested. The prevalence in dairy cattle was 44.7% (113/235), which was significantly higher (P < 0.001) than the prevalence in beef cattle 10.1% (13/128). Sequence analysis demonstrated the presence of assemblage E (77.2%, sequence types E-S1–E-S5), assemblage B (18.2%) and assemblage A (sub-assemblages AI-AII) (4.6%). These data demonstrate that G. duodenalis is found routinely in both dairy and beef cattle throughout Scotland; the presence of assemblages A and B also indicates that cattle may play a role in the spread of potentially zoonotic assemblages of Giardia.
Taphonomies of landscape: investigating the immediate environs of Çatalhöyük from prehistory to the present
Authors: Jackson Mark P.C. , Moore Sophie V. 
Published: July 2018

AbstractThe landscape immediately surrounding the site of Çatalhöyük preserves topographic and ceramic evidence dating from prehistoric times to the present day. This article presents the results of a programme of investigation of the landscape conducted through analysis of remote-sensing, map and field-survey data, with particular emphasis on the first and second millennia AD. The concept of taphonomy, usually defined in archaeology as the process of change after deposition, is applied to the transformation of the settled landscape from its Neolithic origins to its present status as a UNESCO World Heritage Site. Taphonomy serves as a linking concept as we explore how past landscapes are mobilised and translated into the ever-changing present.