bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Renal function and the long‐term clinical outcomes of cardiac resynchronization therapy with or without defibrillation
Authors: Leyva Francisco , Zegard Abbasin , Taylor Robin , Foley Paul W.X. , Umar Fraz , Patel Kiran , Panting Jonathan , Ferro Charles J. , Chalil Shajil , Marshall Howard , Qiu Tian 
Published: March 2019

AbstractBackground and AimsPatients with moderate‐to‐severe chronic kidney disease (CKD) are underrepresented in clinical trials of cardiac resynchronization therapy (CRT)‐defibrillation (CRT‐D) or CRT‐pacing (CRT‐P). We sought to determine whether outcomes after CRT‐D are better than after CRT‐P over a wide spectrum of CKD.Methods and ResultsClinical events were quantified in relation to preimplant estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) after CRT‐D (n = 410 [39.2%]) or CRT‐P (n = 636 [60.8%]) implantation. Over a follow‐up period of 3.7 years (median, interquartile range: 2.1–5.7), the eGFR < 60 group (n = 598) had a higher risk of total mortality (adjusted hazard ratio [aHR]: 1.28; P = 0.017), total mortality or heart failure (HF) hospitalization (aHR: 1.32; P = 0.004), total mortality or hospitalization for major adverse cardiac events (MACEs, aHR: 1.34; P = 0.002), and cardiac mortality (aHR: 1.33; P = 0.036), compared to the eGFR ≥ 60 group (n = 448), after covariate adjustment. In analyses of CRT‐D versus CRT‐P, CRT‐D was associated with a lower risk of total mortality (eGFR ≥ 60 HR: 0.65; P = 0.028; eGFR < 60 HR: 0.64, P = 0.002), total mortality or HF hospitalization (eGFR ≥ 60 aHR: 0.66; P = 0.021; eGFR < 60 aHR: 0.69, P = 0.007), total mortality or hospitalization for MACEs (eGFR ≥ 60 aHR: 0.70; P = 0.039; eGFR < 60 aHR: 0.69, P = 0.005), and cardiac mortality (eGFR ≥ 60 aHR: 0.60; P = 0.026; eGFR < 60 aHR: 0.55; P = 0.003).ConclusionIn CRT recipients, moderate CKD is associated with a higher mortality and morbidity compared to normal renal function or mild CKD. Despite less favorable absolute outcomes, patients with moderate CKD had better outcomes after CRT‐D than after CRT‐P.
Identification of a gene encoding a sugar transporter as a potential target of a novel LysR‐type transcriptional regulator rluD from rhizobium required for symbiotic nodulation in soybean (Glycine max Merr.)
Authors: Chang Huilin , Li Jianyi , Zhu Yongxu , Chen Lin , Shi Yan , Li Shuping , Qin Hongtao , Huang Shiyu , Li Qingying , Lv Xuemeng , Tian Sisi , Hu Zhenbang , Qi Zhaoming , Liu Chunyan , Wu Xiaoxia , Xin Dawei , Chen Qingshan 
Published: March 2019

AbstractRhizobia can fine‐tune activating key genes involved in background regulation network of nodulation in effective symbiosis processes. Detecting the mechanism of the soybean‐rhizobium interaction plays a pivotal role in aiding the agricultural environment. Here, we report that LysR family transcriptional factor rluD is a novel putative gene that supports symbiosis of broad host‐range strain Sinorhizobium fredii HH103 (S. fredii HH103) during soybean nodulation. The nodule numbers (NN) and nodule dry weight (NDW) of ‘Charleston’ and ‘Dongnong594’ (parents of recombinant inbred line [RIL] population) were reduced after inoculation with S. fredii HH103ΩrluD compared to HH103. To further elucidate the mechanism of rluD in the establishment of symbiosis, unconditional and conditional quantitative trait loci (QTLs) underlying NN and NDW were detected via a high‐generation RILs inoculated with HH103ΩrluD and wild‐type HH103. A major locus of the overlapping region between unconditional and conditional QTLs on Chromosome 6 was identified. The candidate gene Glyma.06g166800 encodes a novel sugar transporter, which might interact with rluD based on qRT‐PCR analysis. This result is valuable for elucidating the mechanism of symbiosis.
Table talk: American Jewish foodways and the study of religion
Authors: Gross Rachel B. 
Published: March 2019

AbstractStudying American Judaism through the lens of foodways challenges conventional divides between Judaism, the religion, and Jewishness, the culture, and points to fruitful avenues for studying lived religion and material culture in the United States more broadly. This essay examines how studies of American Jewish foodways draw attention to individuals and organizations who would otherwise not receive scholarly attention. They highlight the ways that ordinary people have enacted Judaism in their daily lives, on holidays, and on other ritual occasions. Studies of American Jewish foodways shift where scholars look for religious practice and who they recognize as religious authorities—from clergy to cookbook authors; from the synagogue to the home kitchen, restaurant, or corporation; and, in many cases, from men to women.
Lithospheric structure of the Tien Shan region constrained by joint inversion of receiver function and Rayleigh wave dispersion
Authors: Li Mengkui , Lin Xu , Wu Tengfei , Hua Yujin 
Published: March 2019

AbstractWe obtain a lithospheric shear‐wave velocity model across the Tien Shan orogenic belt by jointly inverting Rayleigh wave group velocities and teleseismic P‐wave receiver functions at 61 broadband seismic stations deployed in this region. Our new model reveals prominent lateral variations of shear‐wave velocity in both the crust and uppermost mantle. This model reveals different structures in the upper and middle crust across the Talas Fergana Fault, which may suggest the presence of a tectonic boundary between the western and central Tien Shan beneath the fault. According to the velocity images, the depth extent of the fault is ~40 km and this is confined to the crust. Pronounced low‐velocity anomalies are imaged in the middle crust and uppermost mantle beneath the southern and middle Tien Shan, implying that the upwelling of the materials from the upper mantle could have played an important role in the mountain building.
An Argumentation‐Based Analysis of the Simonshaven Case
Authors: Prakken Henry 
Published: March 2019

AbstractIn an argumentation approach, legal evidential reasoning is modeled as the construction and attack of “trees of inference” from evidence to conclusions by applying generalizations to evidence or intermediate conclusions. In this paper, an argumentation‐based analysis of the Simonshaven case is given in terms of a logical formalism for argumentation. The formalism combines abstract argumentation frameworks with accounts of the structure of arguments, of the ways they can be attacked and of ways to evaluate conflicting arguments. The purpose of this paper is not to demonstrate or argue that the argumentation approach to modeling legal evidential reasoning is feasible or even preferable but to have a fully worked‐out example that can be used in the comparison with alternative Bayesian or scenario‐based analyses.
Gender, cholinesterase, platelet count and red cell count are main predictors of peripheral blood stem cell mobilization in healthy donors
Authors: Fürst Daniel , Hauber David , Reinhardt Peter , Schauwecker Peter , Bunjes Donald , Schulz Ansgar , Mytilineos Joannis , Wiesneth Markus , Schrezenmeier Hubert , Körper Sixten 
Published: March 2019

Background and objectivesMobilization of CD34+ cells by stimulation with G‐CSF shows considerable variation across stem cell donors. Upfront prediction of CD34+ cell counts in peripheral blood based on easily available steady‐state parameters would be helpful for the planning of apheresis and stem cell transplantation. Commonly accepted steady‐state predictors for the mobilization are gender, body mass index and platelet count. The aim of the study was the identification of novel predictors that might influence mobilization efficacy and to create a model for the prediction of stem cell mobilization.MethodsA total of 333 healthy stem cell donors who donated peripheral stem cells in our institution were retrospectively analysed. All available data before stem cell mobilization with G‐CSF were included in the database. Primary end‐point was CD34+ cell count before the first apheresis.ResultsIn this cohort cholinesterase, differential blood cell counts including platelets, gender and body mass index were significantly correlated with CD34+ cell count. G‐CSF dose per lean body weight showed a significant correlation with mobilization efficacy in women but not in men. A multivariate analysis identified gender, cholinesterase and platelet and red cell count as main predictors of mobilization. Red cell count showed a strong gender dependence, with higher predictive value in females.ConclusionThe counts of eosinophils, platelets, red cells, cholinesterase and gender are the most important predictors of CD34+ cell mobilization in our deduced models. The red cell count as a predictor for mobilization showed a differential gender dependence.
Non‐steroidal anti‐inflammatory pharmaceutical wastewater treatment using a two‐chambered microbial fuel cell
Authors: Amari Samar , Boshrouyeh Ghandashtani Mohammad 
Published: March 2019

AbstractThe two‐chambered microbial fuel cell (MFC) was designed and used for studying the efficiency of the real wastewater treatment from a non‐steroidal anti‐inflammatory pharmaceutical plant as well as from synthetic wastewater containing diclofenac sodium (DS). The removal of the contaminants was expressed regarding chemical oxygen demand (COD) removal, as measured by spectrophotometry experiments. Moreover, the effect of two different types of the cathode on current characteristics and COD removal was investigated. This research showed that the Pt‐coated Ti cathode could lead to higher efficiency of both power density and COD removal. In this case, the results indicated that the maximum power density (Pmax) was 20.5 and 6.5 W/m3 and the maximum COD removal was 93 and 78% for MFCs using real and synthetic wastewater, respectively.
Epidemiology of traumatic injuries presenting to an ED in Central Haiti: a retrospective cohort study
Authors: Rouhani Shada A , Eliacin Henry Claude , Edmond Marie Cassandre , Checkett Keegan A , Rimpel Linda , Marsh Regan H 
Published: March 2019

BackgroundIn Haiti, like many low-income countries, traumatic injuries are leading causes of morbidity and mortality. Yet, little is known about the epidemiology of traumatic injuries in Haitian EDs. Improved understanding of injury patterns is necessary to strengthen emergency services and improve emergency provider education.MethodsThis was a retrospective cohort study of trauma patients at an academic hospital in central Haiti over 6 months. Visits were identified from the electronic medical record, and paper charts were manually reviewed. Data, including demographics, timing of presentation, injuries sustained, treatments received and ED disposition were extracted using a standardised form and later analysed in SAS V.9.3.ResultsOf 1401 patients, 66% were male, and the average age was 26.8 years. Most visits were due to road traffic injuries (RTIs; 48%) followed by falls (22%). Trauma mechanism varied significantly by age (p<0.001): falls predominated in children under 5 years (56%) versus RTIs for adults (59%). Only 14% of patients injured on motorcycles used helmets and 30% of those injured in motor vehicles used seatbelts. Only 18% of patients arrived within 1 hour of the trauma. Skin or soft tissue injuries were the most common (58%), followed by extremity or pelvic fractures or dislocations (23%). Most patients (81%) were discharged, 14% were admitted or stayed over 24 hours in the ED and 0.8% died in the ED. Of the admitted patients, 61% had surgery, 79% of which were orthopaedic. Patients using helmets or seatbelts were more likely to be discharged than those not using protective equipment (p=0.008).ConclusionsIn this trauma population, RTIs and falls were the most common trauma mechanisms, safety feature use was rare, and most injuries were musculoskeletal. Presentation was delayed and mortality was low, but many patients required surgery. These findings have significant clinical, public health, operational and training implications.
Clinical characteristics of patients with colorectal cancer with double somatic mismatch repair mutations compared with Lynch syndrome
Authors: Pearlman Rachel , Haraldsdottir Sigurdis , de la Chapelle Albert , Jonasson Jon G , Liyanarachchi Sandya , Frankel Wendy L , Rafnar Thorunn , Stefansson Kari , Pritchard Colin C , Hampel Heather 
Published: March 2019

BackgroundPatients with colorectal cancer (CRC) with mismatch repair-deficient (dMMR) tumours without MLH1 methylation or germline MMR pathogenic variants (PV) were previously thought to have Lynch syndrome (LS). It is now appreciated that they can have double somatic (DS) MMR PVs. We explored the clinical characteristics between patients with DS tumours and LS in two population-based cohorts.MethodsWe included patients with CRC from Ohio 2013–2016 and Iceland 2000–2009. All had microsatellite instability testing and/or immunohistochemistry (IHC) of MMR proteins, and MLH1 methylation testing when indicated. Germline next-generation sequencing was performed for all with dMMR tumours; tumour sequencing followed for patients with unexplained dMMR. Clinical characteristics of DS patients and patients with LS were compared.ResultsOf the 232 and 51 patients with non-methylated dMMR tumours in the Ohio and Iceland cohorts, respectively, 57.8% (n=134) and 45.1% (n=23) had LS, 32.8% (n=76) and 31.4% (n=16) had DS PVs, 6% (n=14) and 9.8% (n=5) were unexplained and 4.3% (n=10) and 13.7% (n=7) had incorrect IHC. Age of diagnosis for DS patients was older than patients with LS (p=3.73×10−4) in the two cohorts. Patients with LS were more likely to meet Amsterdam II criteria (OR=15.81, p=8.47×10−6) and have multiple LS-associated tumours (OR=6.67, p=3.31×10−5). Absence of MLH1/PMS2 was predictive of DS PVs; isolated MSH6 and PMS2 absence was predictive of LS in both cohorts.ConclusionsIndividuals with LS are 15× more likely to meet Amsterdam II criteria and >5× more likely to have multiple cancers as compared with those with DS tumours. Furthermore, isolated loss of MSH6 or PMS2 protein predicts LS.
Mutations in NLRP2 and NLRP5 cause female infertility characterised by early embryonic arrest
Authors: Mu Jian , Wang Wenjing , Chen Biaobang , Wu Ling , Li Bin , Mao Xiaoyan , Zhang Zhihua , Fu Jing , Kuang Yanping , Sun Xiaoxi , Li Qiaoli , Jin Li , He Lin , Sang Qing , Wang Lei 
Published: March 2019

BackgroundSuccessful human reproduction requires normal spermatogenesis, oogenesis, fertilisation and early embryonic development, and abnormalities in any of these processes will result in infertility. Early embryonic arrest is commonly observed in infertile patients with recurrent failure of assisted reproductive technology (ART). However, the genetic basis for early embryonic arrest is largely unknown.ObjectiveWe aim to identify genetic causes of infertile patients characterised by early embryonic arrest.MethodsWe pursued exome sequencing in a proband with embryonic arrest from the consanguineous family. We further screened candidate genes in a cohort of 496 individuals diagnosed with early embryonic arrest by Sanger sequencing. Effects of mutations were investigated in HeLa cells, oocytes and embryos.ResultsWe identified five independent individuals carrying biallelic mutations in NLRP2. We also found three individuals from two families carrying biallelic mutations in NLRP5. These mutations in NLRP2 and NLRP5 caused decreased protein expression in vitro and in oocytes and embryos.ConclusionsNLRP2 and NLRP5 are novel mutant genes responsible for human early embryonic arrest. This finding provides additional potential diagnostic markers for patients with recurrent failure of ART and helps us to better understand the genetic basis of female infertility characterised by early embryonic arrest.
Quark and glue spectroscopy of scalars and pseudoscalars in SU(3) flavor limit
Authors: Fariborz Amir H. , Jora Renata , Lyukova Maria 
Published: March 2019

Within the framework of the generalized linear sigma model with glueballs recently proposed,[Formula: see text] we study the schematic spectroscopy of scalar and pseudoscalar mesons in the SU(3) flavor limit and explore their quark and glue contents. In this framework, for both scalars and pseudoscalars, the two octet physical states are admixtures of quark–antiquark and four-quark components, and the three singlet states contain quark–antiquark, four-quark and glue components. We identify the two scalar octets with [Formula: see text] and [Formula: see text] and the two pseudoscalar octets with [Formula: see text] and [Formula: see text]. We show that, as expected, the light pseudoscalar octet is made dominantly of quark–antiquarks whereas the light scalar octet has a reversed substructure with a dominant four-quark component. The case of singlets is more complex due to surplus of states up to around 2 GeV. We consider all 35 permutations for identifying the three pseudoscalar singlets of our model with three of the seven experimental candidates. Our numerical simulation unambiguously identifies the lightest and the heaviest pseudoscalar singlets with [Formula: see text] and [Formula: see text], respectively, and favors the identification of the middle singlet with either [Formula: see text] or [Formula: see text] (or, to a lesser extent, with [Formula: see text]) and thereby allows a probe of their substructures. We then estimate the quark and glue components and find that the three pseudoscalar singlets (from lightest to heaviest) are mainly of quark–antiquark, four-quark and glue substructure, while the corresponding three scalar singlets (from lightest to heaviest) are of four-quark, quark–antiquark and glue contents. The masses of pure pseudoscalar and scalar glueballs are estimated around 2.0 and 1.6 GeV, respectively.
An Empirical Formulation for the Damping Ratio of Shape Memory Alloy for Base-Isolated Structures
Authors: Ghodke Sharad , Jangid R. S. 
Published: March 2019

Shape Memory Alloys (SMAs) are now widely used as a damping element into the isolation systems. The pre-stressed SMAs exhibit hysteretic damping through a nonlinear flag-shaped hysteresis loop. Many nonlinear models of the SMA are available to depict such behavior. The nonlinear models require a lot of effort and computational time for the analysis of base-isolated structures. Therefore, the codes recommend that a nonlinear model can be replaced by an equivalent linear model in the analysis. Linearization is a method to convert the nonlinearity of a system into a system with analogues linear parameters. This paper proposes an empirical equation for a damping ratio to get a linear damping coefficient of the SMAs which can be used in the seismic analysis of base-isolated structures. The evaluation of any damping ratio using the traditional system identification method does not give precise solutions due to variation in hysteretic parameters and the unpredictable nature of an earthquake. The empirical equation is proposed using a set of optimal statistical data obtained from the seismic analysis of a base isolated structure. Moreover, analysis of the base isolated structure using the newly modified equivalent elastic-viscous SMA model gives comparable and conservative results with a nonlinear SMA model as compared to the existing elastic-viscous SMA model. Since the hysteresis parameters are used to derive the empirical equation for the damping ratio, this equation is also applicable for any type of structure.
Epimedium flavonoids mitigate proteotoxicity and extend healthspan via DAF-16 inC. elegans
Authors: Cai Waijiao , Wu Junzhen , Wang Xinliumei , Huang Jianhua , Shen Ziyin , Chen Xiqun 
Published: March 2019

Objective: Epimedium flavonoids (EF), the raw extract of medicinal herb Epimedium, have been shown to have broad beneficial effects in the elderly including those with neurodegeneration. The goal of this study is to investigate whether EF is protective against proteotoxicity and whether it extends healthspan in C. elegans.Methods: Animals were treated with EF supplemented in the growth medium. Two C. elegans models of human proteotoxic disease, CL4176 expressing an aggregated amyloid-[Formula: see text] (1–42) peptide (A[Formula: see text]1–42) and AM140 expressing a polyglutamine (polyQ) protein, were exploited to test the anti-proteotoxicity of EF. Proteotoxicity-induced paralysis in CL4176 and AM140 was evaluated. Lifespan, stress resistance, and locomotion were tested in wild-type N2 C. elegans. Lifespan assays were also performed in CF1038, a daf-16 null mutant strain. DAF-16 nuclear translocation was analyzed in TJ356, a strain expressing a functional DAF-16::GFP fusion protein. The mRNA levels of downstream targets of DAF-16 were measured by qPCR.Results: EF significantly reduced A[Formula: see text]1–42- and polyQ-induced paralysis in CL4176 and AM140, indicating the anti-proteotoxic potency of EF. EF significantly extended the lifespan and promoted stress resistance and locomotion in N2, demonstrating a healthspan extension effect of EF. DAF-16 nuclear localization and its downstream targets, sod-3 and hsp-16.2 mRNA levels, were significantly elevated with EF. EF did not increase the lifespan of daf-16 null mutant CF1038, revealing a DAF-16-dependent mechanism of EF effect on lifespan.Conclusion: We found that EF, a natural extract from a widely used medicinal herb Epimedium, protects against proteotoxicity and extends the healthspan via DAF-16 in C. elegans. Our work may provide molecular insights into the clinical benefits of EF and Epimedium.