bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The Gender Minority Stress and Resilience Measure: Psychometric Validity of an Adolescent Extension
Authors: Hidalgo Marco A. , Petras Hanno , Chen Diane , Chodzen Gia 
Published: September 2019

Objective: Minority stress contributes to several physical and psychological problems in sexual and gender minorities but is largely understudied in transgender/gender-nonconforming (TGNC) individuals, particularly TGNC adolescents. The availability of psychometrically sound measures of adolescent minority stress can help improve assessment and treatment planning in this area. This original research study examined whether an existing measure of TGNC-related minority stress and resilience among adults could retain construct and psychometric validity when administered to TGNC adolescents. Method: Respondents were 258 TGNC adolescents, aged 12 to 17.99 years ( M = 15.1, SD = 1.4), majority White/European American (70.2%) and assigned female at birth (71.7%) seeking care in an interdisciplinary gender-health clinic within a pediatric academic medical center in the Midwestern United States. Respondents completed a battery of clinical measures as standard of care, including the Gender Minority Stress and Resilience (GMSR) measure, measures of anxiety and depressive symptoms, and parental support. Results: Findings indicated that minor adaptation of the existing adult measure resulted in high internal consistency and construct validity across 9 subscales assessing domains of minority stress and resilience in this sample of TGNC adolescents. Conclusions: This study provides evidence of the factor structure, reliability, and validity of an adolescent extension of the GMSR (i.e., GMSR-A). These findings demonstrate the clinical utility of the GMSR-A, a tool that can help increase understanding of minority stress and resilience phenomena experienced by TGNC adolescents. Implications for Impact Statement The findings from this research study show that mental health clinicians can adequately assess gender minority stress and resilience among transgender/gender-nonconforming (TGNC) adolescents by using a slightly modified version of an existing measure originally created for TGNC adults.
Tunable quantum critical point and detached superconductivity in Al-doped CrAs
Authors: Park Sungmin , Shin Soohyeon , Kim Sung-Il , Kim Suyoung , Park Chan-Koo , Thompson Joe D. , Park Tuson 
Published: September 2019

AbstractThe origin of unconventional superconductivity and its relationship to a T = 0 K quantum critical point (QCP), which is hidden inside the dome of a superconducting state, have long been an outstanding puzzle in strongly correlated superconductors. The observation and tuning of the hidden QCP, which is key to resolving the mystery, however, has been rarely reported. Here we report the controlling of a hidden QCP in the helical antiferromagnet CrAs and separation of the tuned QCP from the pressure-induced superconducting phase. The Al doping in CrAs increases the antiferromagnetic ordering temperature TN from 265 to 275 K, while it suppresses the QCP from 8 to 4.5 kbar. Pressure-induced superconductivity in the high-pressure regime is almost independent of Al doping, but superconductivity below 6 kbar is suppressed, revealing the clear separation between the tuned antiferromagnetic QCP and Tc maximum. These discoveries illustrate subtleties in the interplay between superconductivity and quantum criticality and warrant a deeper insight in understanding of unconventional superconductivity.
Flightless I exacerbation of inflammatory responses contributes to increased colonic damage in a mouse model of dextran sulphate sodium-induced ulcerative colitis
Authors: Kopecki Z. , Yang G. , Treloar S. , Mashtoub S. , Howarth G. S. , Cummins A. G. , Cowin A. J. 
Published: September 2019

AbstractUlcerative colitis (UC) is a chronic inflammatory bowel disease characterized by cytokine driven inflammation that disrupts the mucosa and impedes intestinal structure and functions. Flightless I (Flii) is an immuno-modulatory protein is a member of the gelsolin family of actin-remodelling proteins that regulates cellular and inflammatory processes critical in tissue repair. Here we investigated its involvement in UC and show that Flii is significantly elevated in colonic tissues of patients with inflammatory bowel disease. Using an acute murine model of colitis, we characterised the contribution of Flii to UC using mice with low (Flii+/−), normal (Flii+/+) and high Flii (FliiTg/Tg). High levels of Flii resulted in significantly elevated disease severity index scores, increased rectal bleeding and degree of colon shortening whereas, low Flii expression decreased disease severity, reduced tissue inflammation and improved clinical indicators of UC. Mice with high levels of Flii had significantly increased histological disease severity and elevated mucosal damage with significantly increased inflammatory cell infiltrate and significantly higher levels of TNF-α, IFN-γ, IL-5 and IL-13 pro-inflammatory cytokines. Additionally, Flii overexpression resulted in decreased β-catenin levels, inhibited Wnt/β-catenin signalling and impaired regeneration of colonic crypts. These studies suggest that high levels of Flii, as is observed in patients with UC, may adversely affect mucosal healing via mechanisms involving Th1 and Th2 mediated tissue inflammation and Wnt/β-catenin signalling pathway.
Metagenomic and culturomic analysis of gut microbiota dysbiosis during Clostridium difficile infection
Authors: Amrane Sophie , Hocquart Marie , Afouda Pamela , Kuete Edmond , Pham Thi-Phuong-Thao , Dione Niokhor , Ngom Issa Isaac , Valles Camille , Bachar Dipankar , Raoult Didier , Lagier Jean Christophe 
Published: September 2019

AbstractRecently, cocktail of bacteria were proposed in order to treat Clostridium difficile infection (CDI), but these bacteriotherapies were selected more by chance than experimentation. We propose to comprehensively explore the gut microbiota of patients with CDI compared to healthy donors in order to propose a consortium of bacteria for treating C. difficile. We compared stool samples composition from 11 CDI patients and 8 healthy donors using two techniques: metagenomics, 16S V3-V4 region amplification and sequencing and culturomics, high throughout culture using six culture conditions and MALDI-TOF identification. By culturomics, we detected 170 different species in the CDI group and 275 in the control group. Bacteroidetes were significantly underrepresented in the CDI group (p = 0.007). By metagenomics, 452 different operational taxonomic units assigned to the species level were detected in the CDI group compared to 522 in the control group. By these two techniques, we selected 37 bacteria only found in control group in more than 75% of the samples and/or with high relative abundance, 10 of which have already been tested in published bacteriotherapies against CDI, and 3 of which (Bifidobacterium adolescentis, Bifidobacterium longum and Bacteroides ovatus) have been detected by these two techniques. This controlled number of bacteria could be administrated orally in a non-invasive way in order to treat CDI.
NMR-based metabolite studies with 15N amino acids
Authors: Ramirez Benjamin , Durst Matthew A. , Lavie Arnon , Caffrey Michael 
Published: September 2019

Abstract15N labeled amino acids are routinely used to label proteins or nucleic acids for study by NMR. However, NMR studies of 15N labeled amino acids in metabolite studies have not been pursued extensively, presumably due to line broadening present under standard experimental conditions. In this work, we show that lowering the temperature to −5 °C allows facile characterization of 15N-labeled amino acids. Further, we show that this technique can be exploited to measure 15NH3 produced in an enzyme catalyzed reaction and the transport and metabolism of individual amino acids in mammalian cell culture. With respect to 13C-labeled amino acids, 15N-labeled amino acids are less costly and enable direct characterization of nitrogen metabolism in complex biological systems by NMR. In summary, the present work significantly expands the metabolite pools and their reactions for study by NMR.
Composition and physico-chemical properties of bottom sediments in the southern part of the Bratsk Reservoir (Russia)
Authors: Rzetala Mariusz , Babicheva Victoria A. , Rzetala Martyna A. 
Published: September 2019

AbstractThe paper presents the results of studies of bottom sediments taken from the southern part of the Bratsk Reservoir. The following analyses have been conducted: trace element analysis, particle-size analysis as well as chemical analysis of water, hydrochloric acid and alkaline extracts for 18 samples of the bottom sediments. The granulometric analysis has identified the predominance of fine silt and silty-clayed sediments. The data on the content of trace elements in the bottom sediments of the Bratsk Reservoir is presented in comparison with their content in the natural environment of the Baikal region; the anomaly ratio was used to characterize the excess for trace elements. The chemical analysis of extracts has showed “saline contamination” of mud (silt), high concentration of carbonates in it, as well as the presence of mobile (free) forms of aluminum oxide. In this research, an attempt was made by using a correlation analysis to evaluate the impact of various physical and chemical characteristics of the bottom sediments, such as the content of clay fraction, organic carbon, carbonates, and water-soluble salts on the accumulation of trace elements.
Actin Cytoskeletal Reorganization Function of JRAB/MICAL-L2 Is Fine-tuned by Intramolecular Interaction between First LIM Zinc Finger and C-terminal Coiled-coil Domains
Authors: Miyake Kazuhisa , Sakane Ayuko , Tsuchiya Yuko , Sagawa Ikuko , Tomida Yoko , Kasahara Jiro , Imoto Issei , Watanabe Shio , Higo Daisuke , Mizuguchi Kenji , Sasaki Takuya 
Published: September 2019

AbstractJRAB/MICAL-L2 is an effector protein of Rab13, a member of the Rab family of small GTPase. JRAB/MICAL-L2 consists of a calponin homology domain, a LIM domain, and a coiled-coil domain. JRAB/MICAL-L2 engages in intramolecular interaction between the N-terminal LIM domain and the C-terminal coiled-coil domain, and changes its conformation from closed to open under the effect of Rab13. Open-form JRAB/MICAL-L2 induces the formation of peripheral ruffles via an interaction between its calponin homology domain and filamin. Here, we report that the LIM domain, independent of the C-terminus, is also necessary for the function of open-form JRAB/MICAL-L2. In mechanistic terms, two zinc finger domains within the LIM domain bind the first and second molecules of actin at the minus end, potentially inhibiting the depolymerization of actin filaments (F-actin). The first zinc finger domain also contributes to the intramolecular interaction of JRAB/MICAL-L2. Moreover, the residues of the first zinc finger domain that are responsible for the intramolecular interaction are also involved in the association with F-actin. Together, our findings show that the function of open-form JRAB/MICAL-L2 mediated by the LIM domain is fine-tuned by the intramolecular interaction between the first zinc finger domain and the C-terminal domain.
Reduction of false alarms in the intensive care unit using an optimized machine learning based approach
Authors: Au-Yeung Wan-Tai M. , Sahani Ashish K. , Isselbacher Eric M. , Armoundas Antonis A. 
Published: September 2019

AbstractThis work attempts to reduce the number of false alarms generated by bedside monitors in the intensive care unit (ICU), as a majority of current alarms are false. In this study, we applied methods that can be categorized into three stages: signal processing, feature extraction, and optimized machine learning. At the stage of signal processing, we ensured that the heartbeats were properly annotated. During feature extraction, besides extracting features that are relevant to the arrhythmic alarms, we also extracted a set of signal quality indices (SQIs), which we used to distinguish noise/artifact from normal physiological signals. When applying a machine learning algorithm (Random Forest), we performed feature selection in order to reduce the complexity of the models and improve the efficiency of the algorithm. The dataset used is from Reducing False Arrhythmia Alarms in the ICU: the PhysioNet/Computing in Cardiology Challenge 2015. Using the performance metric “score” from the Challenge, we achieved a score of 83.08 in the real-time category on the hidden test set, which is the highest in all published work.
Sex-specific Mendelian randomization study of genetically predicted insulin and cardiovascular events in the UK Biobank
Authors: Zhao Jie V. , Luo Shan , Schooling C. Mary 
Published: September 2019

AbstractInsulin drives growth and reproduction which trade-off against longevity. Genetically predicted insulin, i.e., insulin proxied by genetic variants, is positively associated with ischemic heart disease, but sex differences are unclear, despite different disease rates and reproductive strategies by sex. We used Mendelian randomization in 392,010 white British from the UK Biobank to assess the sex-specific role of genetically predicted insulin in myocardial infarction (MI) (14,442 cases, 77% men), angina (21,939 cases, 65% men) and heart failure (5537 cases, 71% men). Genetically predicted insulin was associated with MI (odds ratio (OR) 4.27 per pmol/L higher insulin, 95% confidence interval (CI) 1.60 to 11.3) and angina (OR 2.93, 1.27 to 6.73) in men, but not women (MI OR 0.80, 95% CI 0.23 to 2.84, angina OR 1.10, 95% CI 0.38 to 3.18). Patterns were similar for insulin resistance and heart failure. Mitigating the effects of insulin might address sexual disparities in health.
Molybdenum-catalyzed asymmetric anti-dihydroxylation of allylic alcohols
Authors: Fan Pei , Wang Chuan 
Published: September 2019

AbstractAsymmetric dihydroxylation of alkenes is one of the fundamental reactions in organic synthesis, but the anti-dihydroxylation is much less developed than its syn-variant. Here we report a highly enantio- and diastereoselective anti-dihydroxylation of allylic alcohols by using a chiral molybdenum-bishydroxamic acid complex as catalyst and environmentally benign hydrogen peroxide as oxidant. This reaction enables the construction of the 1,2,3-triol structural unit in high enantio- and diastereocontrol starting from simple allylic alcohol precursors. Our reaction complements the Sharpless dihydroxylation not only in its diastereoselectivity, but also in regiocontrol. The mechanistic studies indicate that this dihydroxylation reaction consists of an initial enantioselective epoxidation and the following in situ regioselective ring opening, both of which are promoted by the molybdenum-catalyst.
Structural insights into Escherichia coli phosphopantothenoylcysteine synthetase by native ion mobility–mass spectrometry
Authors: Chan Daniel Shiu-Hin , Hess Jeannine , Shaw Elen , Spry Christina , Starley Robert , Dagostin Claudio , Dias Marcio V. B. , Kale Ramesh , Mendes Vitor , Blundell Tom L. , Coyne Anthony G. , Abell Chris 
Published: September 2019

Abstract
CoaBC, part of the vital coenzyme A biosynthetic pathway in bacteria, has recently been validated as a promising antimicrobial target. In this work, we employed native ion mobility–mass spectrometry to gain structural insights into the phosphopantothenoylcysteine synthetase domain of E. coli CoaBC. Moreover, native mass spectrometry was validated as a screening tool to identify novel inhibitors of this enzyme, highlighting the utility and versatility of this technique both for structural biology and for drug discovery.
Fork‐shaped wideband circularly polarised antenna
Authors: Yu Hai‐yang , Yu Junsheng , Yao Yuan , Liu Xiaoming , Chen Xiaodong 
Published: September 2019

In this Letter, a fork‐shaped wideband circularly polarised antenna is proposed. Using the fork‐shaped metal wall structure and 45° deflection, the wideband circular polarisation performance of the proposed antenna is achieved. Besides, an antenna prototype working at W‐band is processed. The right‐hand circularly polarised bandwidth (axial ratio < 3 dB) and impedance bandwidth (S11 < −10 dB) of the antenna are both measured as 38.1% (75–110 GHz). The measured gain is 10.7–14.2 dBic (±0.5 dBic). The proposed antenna exhibits a simple structure, which is easy to process. This proposed wideband circularly polarised horn antenna can have wide applications for millimetre and sub‐millimetre wave bands.
Nutrigenomik
Authors: Zielinski Johanna 
Published: September 2019

ZusammenfassungBestimmen unsere Gene, wie unser Körper die ihm zugeführte Nahrung verwertet? Mit
dieser und ähnlichen Fragen beschäftigt sich der noch junge Forschungszweig der
Nutrigenomik. Im Blickpunkt der Wissenschaftler steht die Interaktion zwischen
Erbgut, Ernährung, Essgewohnheiten und dem Risiko für Erkrankungen.
Vitamin D, Koenzym Q und Insulinresistenz
Authors: Schmidt Karlheinz , Bayer Wolfgang , Mahler Annette , Milczynski Christoph 
Published: September 2019

ZusammenfassungDie große chronische Volkskrankheit Diabetes mellitus Typ 2 wird oft auch als
Pandemie des 21. Jahrhunderts bezeichnet. Denn die Prävalenz dieser durch einen
Mangel an Insulin im Blut gekennzeichneten Stoffwechselerkrankung wird allein in
Deutschland auf mehr als 10 % der Bevölkerung geschätzt mit einer weiter
steigenden Tendenz und einer hohen Dunkelziffer.
Die herausfordernde Versorgung von schwerverletzten und
polytraumatisierten Patienten
Authors: Bittner Sebastian 
Published: September 2019

ZusammenfassungDie Versorgung von polytraumatisierten und schwer verletzten Menschen stellt hohe
Ansprüche an das gesamte Team. Dieses gilt nicht nur präklinisch am
Notfall-/Unfallort für die Mitarbeitenden des Rettungsdienstes, sondern auch an
der Nahtstelle von der der präklinischen zur klinischen Versorgung, dem
Schockraum. Dieser CNE Schwerpunkt widmet sich diesem fordernden
Handlungsfeld.
EBN – ein bedeutender Faktor zur Weiterentwicklung der
(Intensiv-)Pflege
Authors: Lichtenberger-Obermair Doris 
Published: September 2019

ZusammenfassungDer positive Nutzen von Evidence-based Nursing für eine qualitativ hochwertige
Pflege ist auch aus der aktuellen wissenschaftlichen Literatur hinlänglich
bekannt. Trotzdem findet die evidenzbasierte Pflege noch keinen breiten Anklang
unter den (Intensiv-)Pflegenden. Doris Lichtenberger-Obermair hat sich in ihrer
Diplom-Abschlussarbeit mit dem Thema beschäftigt. Wir veröffentlichen ihre
Facharbeit, die beim Thieme Intensiv-Pflegepreis 2017 den 2. Platz belegte, in
gekürzter Fassung.
Strukturelle, funktionelle und neurochemische Bildgebung bei der Aufmerksamkeitsdefizit-/Hyperaktivitätsstörung
Authors: Maier Simon , Nickel Kathrin , Endres Dominique , van Elst Ludger Tebartz 
Published: September 2019

ZUSAMMENFASSUNGNachdem über 2 Dekaden die Anzahl der Bildgebungsstudien zur Aufmerksamkeitsdefizit/Hyperaktivitätsstörung (ADHS) rasant angestiegen ist, zeichnet sich in den letzten Jahren eine Plateaubildung auf hohem Niveau ab. Das Ziel der meisten dieser Studien war es, die zugrunde liegenden strukturellen und funktionellen Hirnkorrelate bei Patienten mit ADHS zu charakterisieren oder den diagnostischen Nutzen von bildgebungsbasierten Markern zu untersuchen. Während neue Analysemethoden immer tiefere Einsichten in die neuroanatomischen Grundlagen der ADHS erlauben, liegen nach wie vor große Herausforderungen bei der Erforschung der ADHS Hirnanatomie und -funktion in der Heterogenität des Krankheitsbildes sowie unterschiedlich ausgeprägten neuroanatomischen Merkmalen bei Kindern und Erwachsenen mit ADHS. Auch gibt es bezüglich des Zusammenhanges zwischen beobachteten neuroanatomischen Veränderungen und klinischen Symptomen bzw. neuropsychologischen Defiziten bislang wenige gesicherte Erkenntnisse. In diesem Artikel möchten wir die wichtigsten Ergebnisse hirnstruktureller, funktioneller und neurochemischer Bildgebungsstudien bei Kindern und Erwachsenen mit ADHS zusammenfassen und deren Potenzial für die Entwicklung neurobiologischer Marker diskutieren.
Sekundäre Aufmerksamkeitsdefizit-/Hyperaktivitätsstörung
Authors: Hermann Ismene , Matthies Swantje , van Elst Ludger Tebartz 
Published: September 2019

ZUSAMMENFASSUNGDie Aufmerksamkeitsdefizit-/Hyperaktivitätsstörung (ADHS) ist eine der häufigsten neuropsychiatrischen Störungen im Kindes-, Jugend- und Erwachsenenalter. Die Ätiologie ist Gegenstand der Forschung. In den meisten Fällen wird eine polygenetische Verursachung angenommen, die dann zu der bekannten ADHS-Symptomatik mit Unaufmerksamkeit, Hyperaktivität und Impulsivität führt. Diese Fälle können nach der hier vorgeschlagenen Kategorisierung als „primäre“ ADHS bezeichnet werden. Zusätzlich können verschiedene vererbliche oder erworbene organische Ursachen zu einem ADHS-Syndrom, einer hier sogenannten „sekundären“ ADHS führen. Wir geben einen Überblick über aktuell anerkannte und diskutierte Ursachen der sekundären ADHS und diskutieren die Relevanz von ätiopathogenetischen neuropsychiatrischen Subklassifikationen der ADHS.
Sexuelle Zufriedenheit und sexuelle Funktionen bei Personen
mit Neurofibromatose Typ 1
Authors: Leidger Anna , Granström Sofia , Nieder Timo O. , Mautner Victor-Felix 
Published: September 2019

ZusammenfassungNeurofibromatose Typ 1 (NF1) ist eine chronische Erkrankung, die oftmals mit
sichtbaren Merkmalen auf der Haut einhergeht. Bei Erkrankungen mit sichtbaren
(und damit potenziell stigmatisierenden) Merkmalen sind Einschränkungen der
Lebensqualität und auch der Sexualität zu erwarten. Im Rahmen einer Pilotstudie
sollten erstmals sexuelle Funktionen und sexuelle Zufriedenheit bei
NF1-PatientInnen in Deutschland im Zusammenhang mit der Krankheit untersucht
werden. Im klinischen Umfeld der Neurofibromatose-Ambulanz am
Universitätsklinikum Hamburg Eppendorf nahmen N = 45 NF1-PatientInnen (56
% weiblich; Altersdurchschnitt: 39 Jahre; 73 % in einer Partnerschaft) an einer
entsprechenden Fragebogenerhebung teil. Die sexuellen Funktionen zeigten sich
insgesamt unauffällig. Die Befragten waren mehrheitlich sexuell zufrieden (69
%). Statistisch bedeutsame Zusammenhänge zwischen sexueller Zufriedenheit und
dem Schweregrad der NF1 zeigten sich nicht. Erwartungskonträr zeigte sich im
untersuchten Sample kein Zusammenhang zwischen der Schwere der NF1-Erkrankung
und der sexuellen Zufriedenheit.
Reduction of Severe Hypoglycaemia in People with Type 2 Diabetes after a Structured Inpatient Intervention
Authors: Kloos Christof , Burghardt Katharina , Müller Ulrich Alfons , Kramer Guido , Müller Nicolle , Wolf Gunter , Kuniss Nadine 
Published: September 2019

AbstractObjective The aim of this longitudinal study was to assess outcomes before and one year after participation in a structured inpatient intervention including participation in an education programme for people with type 2 diabetes.Methods In 2014, 81 individuals, who were admitted to optimise insulin therapy, participated in a structured inpatient intervention and were invited to participate in a follow-up visit after one year.Results Seventy participants (46.9% female, age 68.3 y, diabetes duration 17.9 y, HbA1c 9.7%/82.5 mmol/mol) were followed-up after 1.2 y (3 died by non-diabetic causes, 8 declined/were not available). HbA1c decreased by 1.1% (p<0.001) without change of insulin dose (79.7 vs. 79.3 IU, n.s.) or BMI (33.6 vs. 33.8 kg/m2, n.s.). 5 people admitted because of severe hypoglycaemia (one person with 5 episodes and 4 with one episode in the year prior to participation) did not experience another event in the evaluation period, nor did anyone in the rest of the cohort (frequency of severe hypoglycaemia 0.12 events/year before and 0.0 after intervention).Conclusions In people admitted for optimising insulin therapy or severe hypoglycaemia, metabolic control improved substantially and frequency of severe hypoglycaemia was significantly reduced after participation in a structured inpatient intervention. Reasons could be motivational and better adapted eating habits, tailoring individual therapy solutions and deescalating diabetes therapy in people after severe hypoglycaemia.