bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Dense Gas, Dynamical Equilibrium Pressure, and Star Formation in Nearby Star-forming Galaxies
Authors: Gallagher Molly J. , Leroy Adam K. , Bigiel Frank , Cormier Diane , Jiménez-Donaire María J. , Ostriker Eve , Usero Antonio , Bolatto Alberto D. , García-Burillo Santiago , Hughes Annie , Kepley Amanda A. , Krumholz Mark , Meidt Sharon E. , Meier David S. , Murphy Eric J. , Pety Jérôme , Rosolowsky Erik , Schinnerer Eva , Schruba Andreas , Walter Fabian 
Published: May 2018

Abstract
We use new ALMA observations to investigate the connection between dense gas fraction, star formation rate (SFR), and local environment across the inner region of four local galaxies showing a wide range of molecular gas depletion times. We map HCN (1–0), HCO+ (1–0), CS (2–1), 13CO (1–0), and C18O (1–0) across the inner few kiloparsecs of each target. We combine these data with short-spacing information from the IRAM large program EMPIRE, archival CO maps, tracers of stellar structure and recent star formation, and recent HCN surveys by Bigiel et al. and Usero et al. We test the degree to which changes in the dense gas fraction drive changes in the SFR.

(tracing the dense gas fraction) correlates strongly with I
CO (tracing molecular gas surface density), stellar surface density, and dynamical equilibrium pressure, P
DE. Therefore,

becomes very low and HCN becomes very faint at large galactocentric radii, where ratios as low as

become common. The apparent ability of dense gas to form stars,

(where Σdense is traced by the HCN intensity and the star formation rate is traced by a combination of Hα and 24 μm emission), also depends on environment.

decreases in regions of high gas surface density, high stellar surface density, and high P
DE. Statistically, these correlations between environment and both

and

are stronger than that between apparent dense gas fraction (

) and the apparent molecular gas star formation efficiency

. We show that these results are not specific to HCN.
Minkowski Tensors in Two Dimensions: Probing the Morphology and Isotropy of the Matter and Galaxy Density Fields
Authors: Appleby Stephen , Chingangbam Pravabati , Park Changbom , Hong Sungwook E. , Kim Juhan , Ganesan Vidhya 
Published: May 2018

Abstract
We apply the Minkowski tensor statistics to two-dimensional slices of the three-dimensional matter density field. The Minkowski tensors are a set of functions that are sensitive to directionally dependent signals in the data and, furthermore, can be used to quantify the mean shape of density fields. We begin by reviewing the definition of Minkowski tensors and introducing a method of calculating them from a discretely sampled field. Focusing on the statistic

—a 2 × 2 matrix—we calculate its value for both the entire excursion set and individual connected regions and holes within the set. To study the morphology of structures within the excursion set, we calculate the eigenvalues λ
1, λ
2 for the matrix

of each distinct connected region and hole and measure their mean shape using the ratio

. We compare both

and β for a Gaussian field and a smoothed density field generated from the latest Horizon Run 4 cosmological simulation to study the effect of gravitational collapse on these functions. The global statistic

is essentially independent of gravitational collapse, as the process maintains statistical isotropy. However, β is modified significantly, with overdensities becoming relatively more circular compared to underdensities at low redshifts. When applying the statistics to a redshift-space distorted density field, the matrix

is no longer proportional to the identity matrix, and measurements of its diagonal elements can be used to probe the large-scale velocity field.
La financiarisation des gouvernements locaux
Authors: Ferlazzo Edoardo 
Published: May 2018

La crise des emprunts « toxiques » des collectivités territoriales de 2008 a révélé l’existence de pratiques d’emprunt éminemment risquées, originairement développées par des acteurs issus de la finance de marché. L’analyse des dispositifs mis en œuvre pour résorber cette crise permet de questionner les déplacements normatifs que cette dernière a induits en matière de régulation des risques : quels risques une collectivité peut-elle légitimement encourir lorsqu’il s’agit de mettre en jeu des deniers publics par des contrats d’emprunt ? Loin de remettre en cause les sources structurelles de fragilisation des finances locales, la résolution de la crise aboutit, au contraire, à l’institutionnalisation de certaines d’entre elles, pérennisant le processus de financiarisation de la dette locale engagé avant crise.
Non-linéarité entre inflation et croissance économique : quels enseignements pour la zone BEAC ?
Authors: Mondjeli Mwa Ndjokou Itchoko Motande , Tsopmo Pierre Christian 
Published: May 2018

L’objectif de ce papier est d’estimer le taux d’inflation optimal, défini comme le taux en dessous et au-delà duquel la croissance économique est affectée, à partir de l’expérience de la BEAC 1 . Pour y parvenir, nous appliquons un modèle Panel Smooth Transition Regression (PSTR) initialement développé par González et al. (2005), estimé à partir des données des pays de la BEAC sur la période 1985-2013. Nos résultats montrent que : (i) le taux d’inflation optimal se situe autour de 4,3 % ; (ii) en deçà de ce seuil, toute augmentation de 1 % de l’inflation induit celle de la croissance économique d’environ 0,28 % ; mais au-delà du seuil, la croissance économique est réduite de 0,26 % lorsque l’inflation s’accroît de 1 %. Les analyses de sensibilité et l’estimation réalisée par la méthode GMM montrent que ces résultats sont robustes.
Chocs extérieurs des prix de produits de base et cycles d’affaires au Cameroun
Authors: Tchakounté Njoda Mathurin , Nkot Samuel Cédric 
Published: May 2018

La plupart des travaux qui se sont penchés sur les effets macroéconomiques des chocs extérieurs supposent qu’ils sont médiatisés par un seul prix relatif intra-temporel tel que les termes de l’échange et éventuellement un prix inter-temporel tel que le taux d’intérêt étranger ou mondial. Notre article présente un cadre empirique dans lequel les prix multiples des produits de base tels que le bois, le cacao, le café ou le pétrole, et le taux d’intérêt français transmettent les perturbations extérieures. Les estimations de base, à partir des données camerounaises sur la période 1960-2015, indiquent que les chocs mondiaux expliquent diversement les fluctuations agrégées des principaux indicateurs : 3,3 % de la variance de la production, 4,9 % de la variance de consommation, 13,45 % de la variance de l’investissement et 47,15 % de la variance du ratio de la balance courante. Ces chiffres ne s’améliorent pas avec la prise en compte de deux indicateurs économiques (production et taux d’intérêt) de la France, principal partenaire commercial du Cameroun. Ce résultat est principalement attribuable à la relative diversification de l’économie camerounaise.
« Nos vies sont politiques ! » L’afroféminisme en France ou la riposte des petites-filles de l’Empire
Authors: Larcher Silyane 
Published: May 2018

Dans quelle mesure des épreuves morales et affectives accumulées dans des trajectoires de vie individuelles peuvent-elles constituer le support d’une constellation d’activités collectives diverses autorisant la construction d’une forme légitime de participation politique ? C’est ce que donne à penser l’expérience afroféministe telle qu’elle s’exprime et se déploie en France de manière protéiforme depuis quelques années dans des espaces variés et hétérogènes, qu’ils soient privés, semi-publics ou publics. Fondé sur la requalification du vécu intime subjectif en épreuve commune soumise à une réflexivité critique construite collectivement, l’afroféminisme s’apparente à une politique du sensible. Basé sur l’attention fine à la polymorphie des expressions politiques afroféministes, aux discours des militantes, et en particulier à l’étude du récit de vie d’une des fondatrices du principal collectif afroféministe français, Mwasi, le présent article vient aussi nuancer et complexifier les analyses courantes de la dépolitisation ou démobilisation politique des classes populaires. Il montre combien, à l’écart des acceptions partisanes ou conventionnelles, la politique conserve pour les dominées, à bien des égards, sa part d’imagination politique émancipatrice, avec pour enjeu essentiel : l’institution jamais acquise de l’égalité dans les rapports sociaux.
Temporalité et énigme en psychanalyse : les cinq dernières minutes
Authors: Pelladeau Élise 
Published: May 2018

À partir de la prise en charge en psychothérapie psychanalytique d’une patiente, l’auteur reviendra sur trois séquences des cinq dernières minutes de séances où furent abordées, les idées suicidaires de la patiente, la durée des séances, et le coût de la thérapie. L’auteur postule l’idée que les cinq dernières minutes peuvent se lire en négatif de l’apparente inertie thérapeutique pendant la séance : comme si les cinq dernières minutes s’inscrivaient entre « suspension » et « fécondité thérapeutique » alors à lire dans l’après-coup dans et au-delà de la séance suivante.
Assessing Health Literacy Among Chinese Speakers in the U.S. with Limited English Proficiency
Authors: Chen Xuewei , Goodson Patricia , Acosta Sandra , Barry Adam E. , McKyer Lisako E. 
Published: May 2018

Background:
Limited English proficiency compounds the problem of low health literacy, making certain population groups in the United States especially vulnerable to health disparities.

Objective:
This study clarified the mechanisms underlying low health literacy among people with limited English proficiency using a modified theory-based health literacy assessment survey.

Methods:
We modified and tested the All Aspects of Health Literacy Scale (AAHLS) with a sample of Chinese speakers who have limited English proficiency in the U.S. The AAHLS is a theory-based health literacy survey assessing functional health literacy, interactive health literacy, information appraisal, and empowerment. We adapted the survey, created dual language scenarios (English and Chinese), translated the questions into Chinese, and conducted cognitive interviews to revise the questions. We examined the health literacy score distributions and performed Confirmatory Factor Analysis (CFA) to evaluate the appropriateness of our modified AAHLS to elicit valid data.

Key Results:

A total of 405 participants completed our AAHLS survey. Compared to the English language scenario, aside from the item assessing if participants would question health care providers, participants had significantly higher health literacy levels when they were immersed in communication using Chinese (
p
< .001). We also found that more than three-quarters of the participants were not likely to question their doctor's and nurse's advice regardless of language scenarios and most of them had limited empowerment capabilities at the level of community and social engagement. The CFA results showed that the modified Chinese model exhibited good fit (RMSEA [root mean square error of approximation] = 0.06, CFI [the comparative fit index] = 0.98, TLI [Tucker-Lewis index] = 0.97, WRMR [weighted root mean square residual] = 1).

Conclusions:

The results showed that our modified AAHLS yielded reliable and valid data among U.S. Chinese speakers. Researchers should consider native languages and cultural differences before conducting health literacy assessments. Public health professionals should incorporate health interventions and policy approaches to improve Chinese immigrants' English proficiency and empowerment capabilities.

[
HLRP: Health Literacy Research and Practice
. 2018;2(2):e94–e106.]

Plain Language Summary:
To clarify the mechanisms underlying low health literacy among populations with limited English proficiency (LEP) in the United States, this study aims to tailor a theory-based health literacy survey with dual-language scenarios among Chinese speakers with LEP. The modified survey yielded reliable and valid data. Participants had higher health literacy levels when they were immersed in communication using Chinese rather than English.
La plume après le plomb
Authors: Mahrer Rudolf 
Published: May 2018

La critique génétique s’est relativement peu intéressée aux genèses continuées après la publication de l’œuvre. Et pour cause : son objet, pensé sous l’angle de l’avant-texte, s’arrête avec la publication. Cet article propose d’envisager la publication sous un angle proprement génétique, en s’attachant à décrire la manière dont la mise en circulation du texte affecte ses réécritures. Il présente ensuite quelques notions théoriques (œuvre, version, texte, objet écrit) et méthodologiques (comparaison et variation textuelles génétiquement pertinentes), ainsi que des outils d’analyse et d’édition numériques (Medite et la collection « Variance ») que nécessite une étude de la réécriture des œuvres déjà publiées.
Urolithiasis is Associated with the Increased Risk for Osteoporosis
Authors: Lu Yen-Man , Chien Tsu-Ming , Li Ching-Chia , Chou Yii-Her , Wu Wen-Jeng , Huang Chun-Nung 
Published: May 2018

Objective:
We aimed to determine whether urolithiasis is a warning sign indicating long-term osteoporosis. Controls were matched for age, sex, and other comorbidities, including hypertension, diabetes mellitus, dyslipidemia, liver disease, and cardiovascular disease.

Materials and Methods:
Data were obtained from the Longitudinal Health Insurance Database (LHID2000) of Taiwan, Republic of China, compiled by the NHI from 1996 to 2013. We further evaluated potential risk factors stratified by different comorbidities.

Results:
After performing the propensity score matching (urolithiasis: control; ratio, 1:3), we included a total of 104,900 patients, including 26,225 patients with urolithiasis and 78,675 control patients. There was a significant difference between the incidence of osteoporosis between the urolithiasis and control groups (adjusted hazard ratio 1.20, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.15–1.27, P < 0.001). Interestingly, the impact of urolithiasis on osteoporosis was more prominent in the younger patient population (age < 40 years, adjusted hazard ratio 1.4, 95% CI: 1.12–1.75, P = 0.003; 40–59 years, adjusted hazard ratio 1.3, 95% CI: 1.20–1.40, P < 0.001), than in the older patient population (age >60 years, adjusted hazard ratio 1.13, 95% CI: 1.05–1.21, P = 0.001; P = 0.015 for interaction). We also observed that urolithiasis had an impact on hypertension-free patients (hypertension free, adjusted hazard ratio 1.28, 95% CI: 1.20–1.36, P < 0.001; hypertension, adjusted hazard ratio 1.12, 95% CI: 1.03–1.22, P = 0.006, P = 0.020 for interaction).

Conclusion:
In conclusion, on the basis of our results, an association exists between urolithiasis patients and subsequent osteoporosis diagnosis. Although the clinical mechanisms are not fully understood, patients who had urolithiasis history may need regular follow-up of bone marrow density.
3-D numerical modelling of groundwater flow for scenario-based analysis and management
Authors: Usman Muhammad , Liedl Rudolf , Arshad Muhammad , Conrad Christopher 
Published: May 2018

In recent years, extensive competition for groundwater use among different consumers has exploited major freshwater aquifers in Pakistan. There is an urgent need for appraisal of this precious resource followed by some mitigation strategies. This modelling study was conducted in the mixed cropping zone of the Punjab, Pakistan. Both remote sensing and secondary data were utilized to achieve objectives of this study. The data related to piezometric water levels, canal gauges, well logs, meteorological and lithological information were collected from Punjab Irrigation Department (PID), Water and Power Development Authority (WAPDA). Groundwater flow models for both steady and transient conditions were set-up using FEFLOW-3D. Water balance components and recharge were estimated using empirical relations and inverse modelling approaches. Both manual and automated approaches were utilized to calibrate the models. Moreover, sensitivity analysis was performed to see the response of model output against different model input parameters. Followed by calibration and validation, the model was run for different management scenarios, including lining of canal sections, minimization of field percolation, and change of groundwater abstraction. The study results show a drop in groundwater levels for almost all scenarios. The highest negative change was observed for the 4th scenario (i.e. 25% increase in groundwater pumping over a 10-year period), with a value of 3.73 m, by ignoring very wet summer and winter seasons. For normal weather conditions, the highest negative change was observed for the 4th scenario with a value of 2.91 m followed by 2.68 m for the 3rd scenario (i.e. 50% reduction in canal seepage and field percolation over a 10-year period). For very wet summer and winter seasons, only one positive change was observed, for the 5th scenario (i.e. 25% decrease in groundwater pumping during 10 years period), with a value of 1.17 m. The changes for all other scenarios were negative. The mitigation strategy may include less groundwater pumping, by supporting cultivation of low delta crops and adjusting cropping patterns considering canal water supplies. It is further suggested to support current modelling results by incorporating more detailed information on cropping and by exploring the effect of climate change.
Effects of a polymeric organic coagulant for industrial mineral oil wastewater treatment using response surface methodology (RSM)
Authors: Tetteh E Kweinor , Rathilal S 
Published: May 2018

In this study, treatment of a local South African oil refinery effluent using a coagulation flotation process is designed using response surface methodology (RSM). A Box-Behnken design (BBD) implementing the RSM is applied to evaluate the effects and interactions of three operating parameters, viz., pH, coagulant dosage and flotation time, on the treatment of mineral oil wastewater (MOW). Polyacrylamide (Zetag-FS/A50), which is a water-soluble compound, is applied to enhance the adsorption mechanism and intermolecular bridging to minimise the amount of oil droplets. In addition, due to the monomeric nature and the charge density of the Zetag-FS/A50, its efficiency was evaluated to serve as an alternative coagulant for the pretreatment of the MOW. The removal of chemical oxidation demand (COD), soap oil and grease (SOG), total suspended solids (TSS) and turbidity from the MOW were used as the response variables for the coagulation flotation process. This was done with a standard dissolved air flotation jar test. The results show that the actual COD, SOG, TSS and turbidity percentage removal at optimised conditions with a coagulant dosage of 50 mg/L were 82%, 83%,70% and 83% respectively, while the predicted response was 92%, 96%, 73% and 87% for COD, SOG, TSS and turbidity, respectively. The analysis of variance (ANOVA) showed that the proposed models are significant at a 95% confidence level. A quadratic model was generated for response variables COD and SOG, while TSS and turbidity produced a linear model. The models fitted well with the experimental data with correlation coefficients (actual R2) of 0.94 for COD, 0.91 for SOG, 0.81 for TSS, and 0.75 for turbidity. The outcome of the study shows that the RSM has merit to optimise and identify the most important factor to control and the Zetag-FS/A50 coagulant has the potential to adsorb the oil droplets in order to enhance the treatment efficiency of the process.
Decentralised wastewater treatment effluent fertigation: preliminary technical assessment
Authors: Musazura W , Odindo AO , Tesfamariam EH , Hughes JC , Buckley CA 
Published: May 2018

The Decentralised Wastewater Treatment System (DEWATS) can provide a potential sanitation solution to residents living in informal settlements with the effluent produced being used on agricultural land. This paper reports on a first step to assess the technical viability of this concept. To do so a pilot DEWATS plant was connected to 83 houses in the eThekwini Municipality. An experiment was conducted in a randomised complete block design with 2 treatments (DEWATS effluent irrigation and tap water irrigation + fertiliser) and 3 blocks. Banana and taro crops were irrigated using an automated drip irrigation system. Data on the weather, crop growth, nitrogen and phosphorus uptake and soil chemical properties were collected. Irrigation with DEWATS effluent was comparable to tap water + fertiliser especially for banana growth and biomass production. Banana and taro required 3 514 mm of irrigation effluent. About 0.0117 ha·household−1 (23.3 m2·person−1) was found to be an adequate area for effluent reuse. Wet-weather storage requirements were calculated to be about 9.2 m3·household−1. DEWATS effluent, after passing through a horizontal flow wetland, was unable to meet banana and taro nitrogen and phosphorus requirements. Nutrient monitoring is required when using anaerobic filter effluent from a DEWATS for irrigating banana and taro.
Comparison of Real-Time Polymerase Chain Reaction and Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay for Sensitive and Quantitative Detection of Hazelnuts in Nut Pastes
Authors: Piknová Ľubica , Janská Veronika , Kuchta Tomáš , Siekel Peter 
Published: May 2018

Abstract
Background: Hazelnuts, being a frequent agent of allergenic reactions, need to be detected in food products. Thus, it is necessary to develop and further investigate appropriate methods for detection. Objective: The aim of the study was to compare the analysis of nut pastes (peanut paste spiked with different amounts of hazelnut paste) as a model of contamination of confectionery. Methods: Real-time PCR and sandwich ELISA (RidaScreen Hazelnut Fast Kit) were used. Results: For real-time PCR, LOQ of 2 mg/kg and a quantification range from 2 to 10 000 mg/kg were determined. For ELISA, LOQ of 1 mg/kg and a quantification range from 1 to 100 mg/kg were determined. Conclusions: The comparison shows that the methods had comparable sensitivity with LOQs in the same order of magnitude. Although ELISA was slightly more sensitive, it required dilution of samples at higher concentrations of the analyte because of its narrow quantification range. Results of this study suggest that real-time PCR and ELISA are both suitable methods for the analysis of nut pastes over a wide range of concentrations. Achieved results could be useful for control as well as for technological purposes. Highlights: Real-time PCR analysis of peanut paste spiked with different amounts of hazelnut paste as a model is proposed. Sandwich ELISA analysis of peanut paste spiked with different amounts of hazelnut paste as a model is proposed. The analytical parameters of real-time PCR and ELISA methods are compared.