bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Structural connectivity profile supports laterality of the salience network
Authors: Zhang Yaodan , Suo Xinjun , Ding Hao , Liang Meng , Yu Chunshui , Qin Wen 
Published: August 2019

AbstractThe salience network (SN) is mainly involved in detecting and filtering multimodal salient stimuli, and mediating the switch between the default mode network and central executive network. Early studies have indicated a right‐sided dominance in the functional organization of the SN; however, the anatomical basis of the functional lateralization remains unclear. Here, we hypothesized that the structural connectivity profile between the frontoinsular cortex (FIC) and dorsal anterior cingulate cortex (dACC), which are two core hubs of the SN, is also dominant in the right hemisphere. Based on diffusion and resting‐state functional magnetic resonance imaging (rfMRI) of adult healthy volunteers in independent datasets, we found a stable right‐sided laterality of both the FIC‐dACC structural and functional connectivity in both the human connectome project cohort and a local Chinese cohort. Furthermore, a significant effect of aging on the integrity of the right FIC‐dACC structural connectivity was also identified. The right‐sided laterality of the structural organization of the SN may help us to better understand the functional roles of the SN in the normal human brain.
Towards energy efficiency and green network infrastructure deployment in Nepal using software defined IPv6 network paradigm
Authors: Dawadi Babu R. , Rawat Danda B. , Joshi Shashidhar R. , Keitsch Martina M. 
Published: August 2019

AbstractThe use of information and communication technology (ICT) has resulted in significant impacts on social welfare, economic growth, transparency, and good governance in developing countries like Nepal. Due to the diverse geographic and economic situations, ICT network and service expansions throughout Nepal have been becoming quite challenging. Private network operators mostly have confined their services to urban areas. Nepal Telecommunications Authority (NTA) collects 2% royalty form Internet Service Providers (ISPs) and Telecom Operators as Rural Telecommunications Disbursement Fund (RTDF) to enhance ICT services to rural Nepal. Broadband expansion projects initiated by utilizing RTDF to expand ICT infrastructure throughout Nepal are expected to have considerable societal and economical transformations in the rural communities of Nepal. This paper not only presents the current ICT deployment scenario of Nepal but also studies design, analysis, and evaluation of green networking that leverages both software defined networking (SDN), and Internet Protocol version 6 (IPv6)—aka Software Defined IPv6 (SoDIP6)—for energy efficient networking, robust services, and sustainable ICT ecosystem for developing nations like Nepal. We evaluate the SoDIP6 network by considering a typical ISP with end access networks and present benefits and recommendations. Experimental results show that the proposed SoDIP6 network help significantly reduce the energy consumption and carbon footprint leading to overall economic benefits to service providers and the society. Furthermore, energy‐saving practices through SoDIP6 networks and some policy directions to the government to focus on green networking considering sensitivity of climate change and global warming impact in the mountainous and developing countries like Nepal are presented.
Iron deficiency anemia associated with extracorporeal photopheresis: A retrospective analysis
Authors: Kuhn Alexis K. , Bartoo Gabriel T. , Dierkhising Ross A. , Mara Kristin C. , Winters Jeffrey L. , Patnaik Mrinal M. , Gastineau Dennis A. , Adamski Jill , Merten Julianna A. 
Published: August 2019

AbstractBackgroundExtracorporeal photopheresis (ECP) is associated with few adverse effects. We have anecdotally noted patients treated with long‐term ECP develop iron deficiency anemia (IDA).MethodsWe performed a retrospective chart review of adult patients who received ECP for any indication at Mayo Clinic Rochester and Mayo Clinic Arizona. The primary objective was to describe the cumulative incidence of IDA at 1 year of ECP therapy.ResultsA total of 123 patients were eligible for analysis. Graft‐vs‐host disease was the most common indication for ECP (n = 76, 61.8%). At 1 year of ECP therapy, the cumulative incidence of IDA was 24.1% (95% CI, 14.2%‐32.9%). At 5 years, the cumulative incidence of IDA was 68.3% (95% CI, 38%‐83.8%). Risk factors for the development of IDA included: cumulative number of ECP sessions (HR 1.34, 95% CI, 1.05‐1.73 per 10 additional sessions, P = .022), an indication for ECP of solid organ transplant rejection (compared to cutaneous T‐cell lymphoma, HR 5.46, 95% CI, 2.06‐14.49, P < .001), and proton pump inhibitor use at baseline (HR 2.15, 95% CI, 1.1‐4.21, P = .03). Iron supplementation was initiated in 29 of 37 evaluable patients who developed IDA, with a cumulative incidence of supplementation in 77.2% patients within 3 months of recognition of IDA (95% CI, 55.8%‐88.3%). Hemoglobin normalized in 50.1% of patients started on iron supplementation for IDA within 7 months (95% CI, 25.2%‐66.7%).ConclusionsIron deficiency anemia is common in patients receiving long‐term ECP and occurs throughout ECP therapy. IDA resolved with iron supplementation in half of patients.
Ring graphs and Goldberg's bound on chromatic index
Authors: Cao Yan , Chen Guantao , He Shushan , Jing Guangming 
Published: August 2019

AbstractLet be a multigraph with maximum degree and chromatic index . If is bipartite then . Otherwise, by a theorem of Goldberg, , where denotes the odd girth of . Stiebitz, Scheide, Toft, and Favrholdt in their book conjectured that if then contains as a subgraph a ring graph with the same chromatic index. Vizing's characterization of graphs with chromatic index attaining the Shannon's bound showed the above conjecture holds for . Stiebitz et al verified the conjecture for graphs with and . McDonald proved the conjecture when is divisible by . In this paper, we show that the chromatic index condition alone is not sufficient to give the conclusion in the conjecture. On the positive side, we show that the conjecture holds for every with , and the maximum degree condition is best possible. This positive result leans on the positive resolution of the Goldberg‐Seymour conjecture.
Study of aromatic profile of different crosses of Monastrell white wines
Authors: Moreno‐Olivares Juan Daniel , Paladines‐Quezada Diego , Fernández‐Fernández José Ignacio , Bleda‐Sánchez Juan Antonio , Martínez‐Moreno Alejandro , Gil‐Muñoz Rocio 
Published: August 2019

AbstractBACKGROUNDAromatic compounds are responsible for the final quality of wines. A semi‐quantitative analysis was carried out during two consecutive seasons aiming to determine the volatile composition of 12 new white crosses obtained between Monastrell (M) and other varieties, such as Cabernet Sauvignon (C), Syrah (S) and Tempranillo (T) (MC10, MC180, MC9, MC69, MS30, MS33, MS82, MT103, MT19, MV11, MV67 and MV7), using a methodology based on gas chromatography‐solid phase microextraction‐mass spectrometry.RESULTSOn the one hand, 30 aromatic compounds were identified belonging to different chemical groups (alcohols, acids, terpenes, norisoprenoids and esters). The results showed how some crosses presented significant differences with respect to their parental. For example, in 2016, Monastrell and Cabernet Sauvignon showed high concentration of alcohols, acids and some terpenes, whereas the corresponding crosses showed a predominance of aromas belonging to esters. In 2017, as a result of edaphoclimatic conditions, the white crosses had higher concentrations of esters and acids. In addition, Monastrell and Cabernet Sauvignon showed similar concentrations of alcohols compared to 2016. On the other hand, sensorial analyses confirmed these results, so that mint and peppermint aromas and a fresh quality were detected in MC69 wine, especially in 2016, and fruity and acid aromas were detected in MC180 wine, which gave it a wide ranging complexity and aromatic potential.CONCLUSIONThe present study reports the first investigation of the volatile composition and sensory characteristics of directed crosses white wines obtained from Monastrell and other varieties, such as Cabernet Sauvignon, Syrah, Tempranillo and Verdejo. The results obtained indicate that the use of some of these white crosses could be a good option for growing them in this Mediterranean area as a result of the contribution of a good quality in the wine aroma. © 2019 Society of Chemical Industry
Effect of infrared‐assisted spouted bed drying of flaxseed on the quality characteristics of its oil extracted by different methods
Authors: Dehghan‐Manshadi Afsaneh , Peighambardoust Seyed Hadi , Azadmard‐Damirchi Sodeif , Niakousari Mehrdad 
Published: August 2019

AbstractBACKGROUNDInfrared (IR)‐assisted spouted bed drying (SBD) has emerged as a potential alternative to the traditional hot air drying for heat sensitive components. The aim of this study was to investigate effect of IR‐assisted SBD and application of cold press (CP), solvent extraction (SE) and ultrasound assisted extraction (UAE) on the quality of flaxseed oil. SBD and IR‐assisted SBD were performed at air temperatures of 40, 60, 80 °C and their effects on the drying rate, fatty acids composition and oil peroxide and acid values were evaluated. Quality of oil extracted from the dried flaxseeds by CP, SE and UAE methods was then evaluated.RESULTSIncreasing air temperature in the presence of IR increased the drying rate. The peroxide values (PVs) of IR‐SBD samples were higher than those of SBD at the same temperature. IR treatment did not notably change the composition of fatty acids in flaxseed oil, except in linoleic acid content. UAE gave higher extraction yield than CP and SE methods. UAE yielded an oil with higher percentage of saturated fatty acids, whereas the percentage of omega‐3 and omega‐6 fatty acids was higher in the CP method. The oil extracted by CP exhibited lower levels of PV (0.516 meq O2/kg oil) and acid value (1.36%), as compared to oils extracted by SE and UAE methods.CONCLUSIONBoth UAE and conventional methods did not significantly influence the composition of fatty acids in the extracted oils. Nonetheless, the CP method yielded an oil with a high percentage of omega‐3 and omega‐6 fatty acids. © 2019 Society of Chemical Industry
Biomolecules extraction from coffee and cocoa by‐ and co‐products using deep eutectic solvents
Authors: Ruesgas‐Ramón Mariana , Suárez‐Quiroz Mirna L , González‐Ríos Oscar , Baréa Bruno , Cazals Guillaume , Figueroa‐Espinoza Maria C , Durand Erwann 
Published: August 2019

AbstractBACKGROUNDCoffee pulp (CP), cocoa husk (CH), and pod husk (CPH) are the main agro‐residues from coffee and cocoa industries. They are sources of useful biomolecules, such as phenolic compounds, fibers, and alkaloids, among others. In this study, different compositions of deep eutectic solvents (DES) were investigated as a green and sustainable extraction media, with respect to their extraction capacity. The extraction yields were evaluated using heat stirring‐assisted extraction (HSE) or ultrasound‐probe assisted extraction (UPAE).RESULTSThe results showed an important effect of the DES composition. Choline chloride (ChCl) based‐DES were the most effective, specifically lactic acid:ChCl (2:1 mol ratio), and the extraction capacity of DES was higher with UPAE (3 min/constant duty cycle (200 W)), in comparison with HSE (1 h/30 min). Chlorogenic acid, caffeine, and theobromine were identified as the main bioactive compounds. Interestingly, under specific conditions, DES allowed the formation of a molecule, identified as furfural by ultrahigh‐performance liquid chromatography mass spectrometry (UPLC‐MS), which could not be obtained using conventional extraction solvent (ethanol 70% v/v).CONCLUSIONDES showed a sustainability and high extraction capacity of biomolecules. In addition, their use as extraction solvents could lead to the formation and production of valuable building block molecules from plant biomass. © 2019 Society of Chemical Industry
Untargeted metabolomics with multivariate analysis to discriminate hazelnut (Corylus avellana L.) cultivars and their geographical origin
Authors: Ghisoni Silvia , Lucini Luigi , Rocchetti Gabriele , Chiodelli Giulia , Farinelli Daniela , Tombesi Sergio , Trevisan Marco 
Published: August 2019

AbstractBACKGROUNDIn the present study a metabolomics‐based approach was used to discriminate among different hazelnut cultivars and to trace their geographical origins. Ultra‐high‐pressure liquid chromatography coupled to quadrupole‐time‐of‐flight mass spectrometry (UHPLC‐ESI/QTOF‐MS) was used to profile phenolic and sterolic compounds.RESULTSCompounds were identified against an in‐house database using accurate monoisotopic mass and isotopic patterns. The screening approach was designed to discern 15 hazelnut cultivars and to discriminate among the geographical origins of six cultivars from the four main growing regions (Chile, Georgia, Italy, and Turkey).This approach allowed more than 1000 polyphenols and sterols to be annotated. The metabolomics data were elaborated with both unsupervised (hierarchical clustering) and supervised (orthogonal projections to latent structures discriminant analysis, OPLS‐DA) statistics. These multivariate statistical tools allowed hazelnut samples to be discriminated, considering both ‘cultivar type’ and ‘geographical origin’.Flavonoids (anthocyanins, flavanols and flavonols – VIP scores 1.34–1.49), phenolic acids (mainly hydroxycinnamics – VIP scores 1.35–1.55) together with cholesterol, ergosterol, and stigmasterol derivatives (VIP scores 1.34–1.49) were the best markers to discriminate samples according to geographical origin.CONCLUSIONSThis work illustrates the potential of untargeted profiling of phenolics and sterols based on UHPLC‐ESI/QTOF mass spectrometry to discriminate hazelnut and support authenticity and origin. © 2019 Society of Chemical Industry
Family vacationers' willingness to pay for glamping travel sites: A family functioning segmentation
Authors: Lyu Seong Ok , Kim Jin‐Won , Bae Sang Woo 
Published: August 2019

AbstractUsing a sample of South Korean family glampers, we aim to examine how they exhibit their willingness to pay for glamping travel site attributes. We also employ the notion of family functioning as a segmentation criterion to understand heterogeneity in family glampers' inherent preferences. Results of discrete choice experiments suggest that family glampers place the greatest importance on the site separation. A segmentation scheme using family functioning also provides evidence that glampers from an unbalanced family are willing to pay more for diverse recreation experiences and short‐stay programs. Different management strategies are presented for developing satisfactory family glamping travel sites.
Hepatic Encephalopathy Is Reversible in the Long Term After Liver Transplantation
Authors: Hopp Anna‐Elisabeth , Dirks Meike , Petrusch Carlotta , Goldbecker Annemarie , Tryc Anita Blanka , Barg‐Hock Hannelore , Strassburg Christian , Klempnauer Jürgen , Weissenborn Karin , Pflugrad Henning 
Published: August 2019

Cognitive dysfunction caused by hepatic encephalopathy (HE) improves within the first year after liver transplantation (LT). However, cognitive restitution seems to be incomplete in a subset of patients and after LT a new‐onset cognitive decline was described. Data about the longterm development of cognitive function after liver transplantation (LT) are sparse. This prospective study analyzed whether a history of hepatic encephalopathy (HE) before LT had an impact on the longterm outcome of cognitive function after LT and if patients who underwent LT 5 years earlier showed worse cognitive function than healthy controls. The cognitive function of 34 patients was assessed before LT and at 1 year and 5 years after LT by psychometric tests, including the Repeatable Battery for the Assessment of Neuropsychological Status (RBANS) and the portosystemic encephalopathy syndrome test, which provides the psychometric hepatic encephalopathy score (PHES). Furthermore, patients completed surveys to assess health‐related quality of life (HRQOL). An 22 additional patients were included after LT. Patients were subdivided by having a history of HE before LT. The control group consisted of 55 healthy patients adjusted for age and education. Before LT, patients performed significantly worse than controls in the psychometric tests: RBANS Total Scale (TS), mean ± standard deviation (SD), 92.6 ± 13.3 versus 99.9 ± 12.0, P = 0.01; and PHES, median (interquartile range [IQR]), 0 (−3 to 1) versus 1 (0‐2), P < 0.001. At 1 year after LT, patients with a history of HE still showed cognitive impairment compared with controls: RBANS TS, mean ± SD, 89.8 ± 15.1 versus 99.9 ± 12.0, P < 0.01; and PHES, median (IQR), 0 (−2 to 1.25) versus 1 (0‐2), P = 0.03. At 5 years after LT, patients with and without a history of HE showed normal cognitive function and improved HRQOL. In conclusion, HE‐associated cognitive impairment seems to be reversible within 5 years after LT.
Central angiotensin II type 1 receptor as a therapeutic target against frequent urination
Authors: Shimizu Shogo , Shimizu Takahiro , Nagao Yoshiki , Higashi Youichirou , Saito Motoaki 
Published: August 2019

AbstractAimsThe goal of this study was to test whether central corticotropin‐releasing factor (CRF) was involved in angiotensin II (Ang II) and Ang II type 1 (AT1) receptor‐mediated facilitation of micturition reflex and to investigate whether peripherally administered telmisartan, AT1 receptor antagonist, suppresses the central Ang II‐induced facilitation of micturition reflex in rats.MethodsUrethane anesthetized male Wistar rats were placed under continuous cystometry before and after intracerebroventricular administration of each drug. Rats were intracerebroventricularly administered telmisartan (AT1 receptor antagonist), CP154526 (CRF1 receptor antagonist), or K41498 (CRF2 receptor antagonist) 30 minutes before intracerebroventricular administration of Ang II. Some male Wistar rats were perorally pretreated with either vehicle, AT1 receptor antagonist telmisartan or valsartan, once daily for 8 days, then measured blood pressure. Thereafter, Ang II was intracerebroventricularly administered for continuous cystometry.ResultsIntracerebroventricularly administered telmisartan or CP154526 dose‐dependently suppressed the central Ang II‐induced intercontraction interval (ICI) reduction. In contrast, intracerebroventricularly administered K41498 did not affect the central Ang II‐induced response compared to vehicle pretreatment. Peripherally administered telmisartan but not valsartan suppressed the central Ang II‐induced ICI reduction in rats compared to vehicle administration without altering blood pressure.ConclusionsCentral Ang II induced facilitation of the micturition reflex through AT1 and CRF1 receptors. Peripherally administered telmisartan suppressed central Ang II‐induced facilitation of micturition reflex.
Eigendecomposition‐based convergence analysis of the Neumann series for laminated composites and discretization error estimation
Authors: Bellis Cédric , Moulinec Hervé , Suquet Pierre 
Published: August 2019

SummaryIn computational homogenization for periodic composites, the Lippmann‐Schwinger integral equation constitutes a convenient formulation to devise numerical methods to compute local fields and their macroscopic responses. Among them, the iterative scheme based on the Neumann series is simple and efficient. For such schemes, a priori global error estimates on local fields and effective property are not available, and this is the concern of this article, which focuses on the simple, but illustrative, conductivity problem in laminated composites. The global error is split into an iteration error, associated with the Neumann series expansion, and a discretization error. The featured nonlocal Green's operator is expressed in terms of the averaging operator, which circumvents the use of the Fourier transform. The Neumann series is formulated in a discrete setting, and the eigendecomposition of the iterated matrix is performed. The ensuing analysis shows that the local fields are computed using a particular subset of eigenvectors, the iteration error being governed by the associated eigenvalues. Quadratic error bounds on the effective property are also discussed. The discretization error is shown to be related to the accuracy of the trapezoidal quadrature scheme. These results are illustrated numerically, and their extension to other configurations is discussed.
New insights and access to resources change the perspective on life among persons with long‐term illness—An interview study
Authors: Hedlund Åsa , Nordström Tina , Kristofferzon Marja‐Leena , Nilsson Annika 
Published: August 2019

AbstractAimThe aim was to describe individuals’ experiences of living with long‐term illness.MethodsA qualitative approach with a descriptive design was used. Semi‐structured interviews were conducted with 16 persons (50–80 years). They were also asked to self‐rate their perceptions of their current health status and confidence in their ability to cope with everyday life.ResultsOne main theme was identified: new insights and access to resources change the perspective on life. Personal characteristics and support from others were advantageous in finding ways to deal with limitations related to the illness. Most of the persons experienced a changed approach to life, in that they now valued life more than they had before. However, some persons also experienced lost values and found it difficult to accept medications. The persons rated their current health status as slightly above average, but their confidence in their ability to cope with everyday life as high.
Destitution, treatment adherence and survival of children with Burkitt lymphoma in a twinning programme in Northwest Cameroon
Authors: Afungchwi Glenn M. , Hesseling Peter , van Elsland Sabine L. , Kouya Francine , Kruger Mariana 
Published: August 2019

AbstractBackgroundBurkitt lymphoma (BL) is a curable childhood cancer. Treatment adherence is crucial for a good outcome, but is potentially problematic in low‐ and middle‐income countries owing to parental financial constraints.AimsTo investigate the association of destitution with treatment adherence and its effect on the survival of patients with BL.MethodsPatients received free medical treatment from a twinning programme at two Cameroon Baptist hospitals. A destitution assessment questionnaire, based on socioeconomic status, was completed at diagnosis. Medical records were reviewed for treatment adherence and survival. Chi‐squared and Fisher's exact tests were used to compare groups. Kaplan‐Meier plots were used to calculate overall survival, and log‐rank chi‐squared tests when comparing survival rates between patient subgroups. Significance was measured at P < .05.ResultsThe 225 children with BL had a mean age of 8.2 years (median 8.0) and the overall survival was 52%. The mean family destitution score was 56% on a linear scale. Few (8%) patients delayed treatment appointments. A quarter (25%) experienced more than a 1‐week follow‐up delay and 9.8% absconded within 1 year. The destitution score was not significantly associated with delay of treatment, but with delay in follow‐up (P < .001). Guardian relationship (single mother) and patient's age were significantly associated with overall survival (P = .025).ConclusionsThough linked to poor follow‐up, destitution was not significantly associated with absconding patients, poor outcome or poor adherence to treatment, probably due to comprehensive financial support from the international twinning programme. However, additional support for single mothers should be considered.