bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Accuracy Of Open-Wedge High Tibial Osteotomies: Comparison Of Radiologic Outcomes Between 2 Techniques Using Hernigou’s Table Vs Conventional Method
Authors: Nicolau Xavier , Bonnomet François , Favreau Henri , Adam Philippe , Ehlinger Matthieu 
Published: May 2019

Objectives Long-term outcomes of patients who suffer from medial osteoarthritis, who were treated with a medial open-wedge high tibial osteotomies (HTO) depend on the final hip-knee-ankle angle (HKA) obtained after surgery. A 2 to 4° postoperative valgus objective is usually admitted. Many surgical techniques are described to reach this target range. The purpose of this study was to compare the accuracy of the post-surgical correction achieved compared to the predetermined correction goal of two different surgery technique: Hernigou’s table (HT) vs conventional method (CM). Methods In this retrospective monocentric study, 38 patients who were managed with an open-wedge HTO for medial osteoarthritis were included, from 01/2009 to 01/2014: 21 were treated using the « HT » and 17 using a « CM ». There were 24 men and 14 women, with a median age of 48 [31; 61] years old, and a median BMI of 30 [25; 40] kg/m2. There was one single operator for each group, expert in the surgical technique used. The intended correction was individually defined for each patient. The surgical accuracy, where small values represent greater accuracy, was defined as the absolute deviation of the intended correction from the achieved correction, measured on the average HKA angle on postoperative long-leg alignment films with bipodal weight bearing. Results The median intended correction was 13° [10; 18] and 10° [5; 17] in the « CM » and « HT » respectively. The median surgical accuracy was 2,63° [0,2; 6,4] for « CM » compared to 0,9° [0,1; 3,7] for « HT » with statistical significance (p=0,02). In the conventional group, there were 65% (11/17) of outliers (>2° from the intended correction) compared to 29% (6/21) in the « HT » group, with statistical significance (p=0,048). One revision in « HT » groups was needed for nonunion, with consolidation achieved, Conclusion For coronal plane corrections, Hernigou’s table method was shown to have a greater accuracy to reach the intended correction. Unidimensional radiological analysis, however, becomes disgraced by the advent of three-dimensional planning or navigation, but remains an accessible and simple means of planning.
Posturography table is a good test to evaluate the anterior cruciate Ligament reconstruction?
Authors: Wein Frank , Peultier Laetitia , Mainard Didier , Perrin Philippe 
Published: May 2019

Introduction: The success of anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction (ACLR) is assessed using subjective and functional scores, as well as measurements of knee laxity. The latter is often quantified using instrumented laximetry devices, which measure ‘static’ anterior tibial translation, though recent studies suggested more comprehensive “dynamic” analyses such as jump tests. To facilitate and improve dynamic stability analyses, a proprioception table was adapted to evaluate knees before and after ACLR, though the accuracy and pertinence of its measurement have not yet been demonstrated. Objectives: To determine whether proprioceptive analysis following ACLR provides meaningful and helpful information to guide surgeons and physiotherapists with postoperative rehabilitation and return to sports. Methods: We conducted a prospective study, on a population of 50 amateur or professional sports patients, who received ACLR by the one surgeon (FW). Preoperative and 6-months assessments included GnRB laxity analysis and proprioceptive dynamic stability analysis, with evaluation of the bearing area under 6 different conditions: open eyes (C1), closed eyes (C2), vision distorted by virtual reality headset (C3), open eyes on unstable support (C4), closed eyes on unstable support (C5) and distorted vison on unstable support (C6); a calculation of the C4/C1 ratio enabled appreciation of visual compensations in the proprioceptive capacity, and dependence on visual inference (low ratios indicate greater recourse to visual afference). A complementary analysis of muscular strength by isokinetic assessment was also performed at 6 months followup. Results: There was a significant improvement in proprioception table stability at 6 months compared to the preoperative condition at the C4 (470 vs 440 mm2), C5 (1710 vs 1315 mm2) and C6 (1330 vs 1210 mm2) assessments. For 32 patients evaluated by GnRB, differential laxity at 6 months was less than 5 mm at 200 N, and isokinetic muscle strength measurement was less than 20% different between the knee healthy and the operated knee, or between quadriceps and hamstrings. Proprioceptive quality was variable, with significant visual offsets in some cases (C4/C1 ratio, 0.5 to 16.2). Conclusion: Patients, who have good results in laximeter tests and isokinetic muscle strength measurement, may have a poor proporioception quality with significant visual offsets. The proprioception analysis at 6 months following ACLR could therefore be important to consider rehabilitation and sports recovery.
Influence of a posteromedial meniscocpsular injury on the tibiofemoral joint laxity: A cadaveric study
Authors: Bernardini Isabelle , N’Dele Daniel , Accadbled Franck 
Published: May 2019

Objectives Up to 61% of meniscal tears can be associated with ACL ruptures. These lesions lead to anterior and rotary laxity increase. Posterior peripheral meniscocaspsular tear of medial meniscus is also called ramp lesion. Prevalence of this kind of lesion is 9% to 17% in adults and up to 23% in pediatric popultation. The aim of this study was to determined anterior laxity of cadaveric ACL deficient knees. Hypothesis was to find a correlation between size of ramp lesion and laxity in order to determine a threshold of size for which reparation is mandatory. Methods Twelve fresh cadaveric knees were explored for the study. Two knees was excluded because they presented major lesions of osteoarthritis and ACL and meniscal tears. 10 remaining knees were from 3 males and 2 females. Mean age at time of death was 86 years old. Dynamic laximetry with GNRB device was made in several conditions: Knee without any intervention, full of water knee, after ACL rupture and after ACL rupture and increasing sizes of ramp lesions up to 30 mm. Anteroposterior laxity was measured at each time with 3 kind of loading charge (134 N, 200 N and 250 N). Results After ACL section only, tibiofemoral joint anterior laxity was significatively increased. Mean increasing was 156% whatever is the loading force. No statistical laxity difference was find between knees with ACL tears only and knees with ACL and meniscal tears for each size of ramp lesions. Increasing size of ramp lesion was not correlated to increasing of laxity. We could not be able to determine a threshold for ramp lesion reparation. Conclusion: GNRB® is a valid device of knee laxity measure, escpecially for ACL deficient knee. Despite use of this performing tool, we can’t confirm our hypothesis. Stephen et al in 2015 have shown, with cadaveric study, significant increase of anterior tibial translation and rotary laxity in knees with extended ramp lesions. There is no data about a ramp lesion size threshold with clinical relevance. GNRB gives reliable measures of laxity in ACL deficient knees. We could not find a threshold size of ramp lesion which increase tibial anterior laxity. Cadaveric rotary laxity has to be also studied to find this threshold.
Survey of Osteopathic Medical Students Regarding Physician Shadowing Experiences Before and During Medical School Training
Authors: Langenau Erik , Frank Sarah B , Calardo Sarah J , Roberts Michael B 
Published: May 2019

Introduction: Shadowing a physician is an observational experience which includes a student observing a licensed healthcare provider caring for patients. Shadowing is commonly done by students before and during medical school, but little is known about the nature or extent of these extra-curricular observational experiences. Objective: We hypothesized that shadowing experiences were common yet variable. We investigated the prevalence, nature, and perceived value of medical student experiences with shadowing physicians (both before and during medical school). Methods: This survey-based study was non-experimental with a cross-sectional convenience sample of osteopathic medical students about their shadowing experiences before and during medical school. The survey was sent to all matriculated osteopathic medical students (OMS1-4) for the 2017 to 2018 academic year from two medical schools: Philadelphia College of Osteopathic Medicine (PCOM) (1084 total students) and PCOM-Georgia (554 total students). The final survey instrument included three sections: demographics (6 questions), pre-medical shadowing experiences (21 questions), and medical student shadowing experiences (24 questions). Results: Respondents (357) identified themselves as OMS1 (96), OMS2 (89), OMS3 (73), OMS4 (95) and other (2, OMS5) with enrollment at PCOM-Philadelphia (242) and PCOM-Georgia (115). Among survey respondents, 339 (95.5%) reported shadowing a physician as a pre-medical student, and 110 (30.8%) reported shadowing (outside of their required clinical rotations) a physician during medical school. Requirements to participate were inconsistent; fewer than 50% of shadowing experiences required Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act of 1996 (HIPAA) training, proof of vaccination, or purified protein derivative (PPD) documentation. In addition to observation, pre-medical and medical students, respectively, participated in history taking (44 [13%], 47 [42.7%]), physical examinations (45 [13.3%], 44 [40%]) and procedures (13, [3.8%], 20 [18.2%]) during their shadowing experiences. Motivations to participate in shadowing varied between pre-medical and medical student experiences, but both groups mentioned their desire to learn more about a particular discipline, obtain letters of recommendation, and gain patient care experience. Students recommended both pre-medical (273 [80.5%]) and medical school (93 [84.5%]) shadowing to future students. Conclusion: Shadowing remains a common and important tool for students to learn about patient care, medicine and careers. The nature of each shadowing experience and participation requirements are quite variable. Measures to ensure patient safety, confidentiality, liability and supervision are inconsistently applied. Promoting guidelines, as well as codes of conduct, for shadowing could serve as a helpful resource for students, academic advisors and supervising clinicians.
Topical and Intravenous Tranexamic Acid Are Equivalent in Decreasing Blood Loss in Total Shoulder Arthroplasty
Authors: Budge Matthew 
Published: May 2019

Introduction Tranexamic acid (TXA) has been shown to be an effective modality to decrease blood loss in total shoulder arthroplasty (TSA). However, the most effective method of TXA administration remains controversial. The purpose of this study was to directly compare the use intravenous and topical TXA to determine which regimen was more effective in improving postoperative hemoglobin (Hb), transfusion rates, and patient outcomes after primary TSA. Methods We conducted a retrospective review of 3 sequential cohorts of patients undergoing primary TSA with no TXA, intravenous TXA, or topical TXA. Postoperative data collection included daily Hb levels (g/dL), transfusions, thromboembolic events, length of stay, and discharge disposition. One-way analysis of variance was used to compare data between the 3 groups with post hoc Tukey honestly significant difference test for differences between pairs. Results Average change in Hb was 2.36 g/dL in the IV TXA group and 2.27 g/dL in the Topical TXA group which was not statistically significant ( P = .69). Average change in Hb in the control group was 3.27 g/dL which was significant when compared to both TXA groups ( P < .01). There were no transfusions or thromboembolic events in either TXA group. In the control group, there were 2 transfusions which was not statistically significant ( P = .09). There was no significant difference in the discharge disposition or days in hospital between the 2 groups receiving TXA ( P = .33). Conclusion Intravenous and topical TXA are equivalent in improving postoperative Hb in TSA.
Self-harm in midlife: analysis using data from the Multicentre Study of Self-harm in England
Authors: Clements Caroline , Hawton Keith , Geulayov Galit , Waters Keith , Ness Jennifer , Rehman Muzamal , Townsend Ellen , Appleby Louis , Kapur Nav 
Published: May 2019

BackgroundIn England suicide rates are highest in midlife (defined as age 40–59). Despite a strong link with suicide there has been little focus on self-harm in this age group.AimTo describe characteristics and treatment needs of people in midlife who present to hospital following self-harm.MethodData from the Multicentre Study of Self-harm in England were used to examine rates over time and characteristics of men and women who self-harm in midlife. Data (2000–2013) were collected via specialist assessments or hospital records. Trends were assessed by negative binomial regression models. Comparative analysis used logistic regression models for binary outcomes. Repetition and suicide mortality were assessed by Cox proportional hazards models.ResultsA quarter of self-harm presentations were made by people in midlife (n = 24 599, 26%). Incidence rates increased over time in men, especially after 2008 (incidence rate ratio [IRR] 1.07, 95% CI 1.02–1.12, P < 0.01), and were positively correlated with national suicide incidence rates (r = 0.52, P = 0.05). Rates in women remained relatively stable (IRR 1.00, 95% CI 1.00–1.02, P = 0.39) and were not correlated with suicide. Alcohol use, unemployment, housing and financial factors were more common in men; whereas indicators of poor mental health were more common in women. In men and women 12-month repetition was 25%, and during follow-up 2.8% of men and 1.2% of women died by suicide.ConclusionSelf-harm in midlife represents a key target for intervention. Addressing underlying issues, alcohol use and economic factors may help prevent further self-harm and suicide.Declaration of interestK.H. and N.K. are members of the Department of Health's National Suicide Prevention Advisory Group. N.K. chaired the National Institute for Health and Care Excellence (NICE) guideline development group for the longer-term management of self-harm and the NICE Topic Expert Group which developed the quality standards for self-harm services. N.K. also chairs the NICE guideline committee for the management of depression. All other authors declare no conflict of interest.
Self-Assembled Liquid-Crystalline Ion Conductors: Odd-Even Effects of Flexible Spacers Binding a Carbonate Moiety and an Aliphatic Rod-Like Core on Phase Transition Properties and Ion Conductivities
Authors: Mizumura Yurika , Högberg Daniel , Arai Kenichiro , Sakuda Junji , Soberats Bartolome , Yoshio Masafumi , Kato Takashi 
Published: May 2019

Abstract
Liquid-crystalline compounds consisting of mesogenic cores linked to cyclic carbonates through flexible spacers have been developed. These liquid crystals form complexes with lithium salts and self-assemble into nanostructures with well-defined ion pathways. It is found that the type and length of the intramolecular spacer affects the liquid crystallinity and ion conductivity of the materials. Mesogenic compounds based on alkylene-based spacers show odd-even effects on the liquid-crystalline properties of the compounds. The liquid crystals based on spacers with an even number of carbon atoms show liquid crystallinity in wider temperature ranges and higher ion conductivities as compared to the liquid crystals based on spacers with an odd number of carbon atoms. On the other hand, liquid crystals based on polar oligooxyethylene spacers are observed to show liquid-crystallinity in wider temperature ranges and higher ion conductivities as compared to the alkylene-based liquid crystals. The liquid crystals with more polar and more flexible spacers, that is, oligooxyethylene groups show higher ion conductivities than those of the liquid crystal with alkylene spacers. This enhanced behavior may be due to the increase in the fluidity of the ionic pathways. These findings may provide us with new designs of self-assembled ion conductors.
Perspectives on Strategies to Foster Inclusion Through Sports: Advantages, Disadvantages, and Considerations for Implementation
Authors: Grandisson Marie , Marcotte Justine , Milot Élise , Allaire Anne-Sophie , Lamontagne Marie-Eve 
Published: May 2019

Abstract
This article presents the results of a study on the perspectives of stakeholders from mainstream and specialized sports settings on seven strategies that could boost the impact of sports on social inclusion of people with intellectual disability. These strategies are: 1) developing Unified Sports, 2) conducting activities to raise awareness, 3) providing training to coaches, 4) using shadows, 5) developing a peer-support structure, 6) having a resource person available when needed, and 7) facilitating engagement in nonplaying roles. The perspectives of 28 stakeholders regarding the advantages, disadvantages, and considerations for implementation of the different strategies were gathered in discussion groups. Findings could help diversify opportunities for athletes with intellectual disability and develop programs and policies that contribute to building inclusive communities through sports.
Parent Identity and Family-School Partnerships: Animating Diverse Enactments for (Special) Education Decision Making
Authors: Miller Amanda L. , Love Hailey R. , Kurth Jennifer A. , Zagona Alison L. 
Published: May 2019

AbstractFamily-school partnerships between family members and school personnel can be successful as well as unproductive for parents who have children and youth with developmental disabilities (DD). This qualitative study sought to capture parents' identities as they negotiated family-school partnerships when making inclusive education decisions and discussing special education service-delivery options for their children and youth with DD. Seventeen participants shared their personal narratives in interviews and focus groups. Data were thematically analyzed after an initial round of open-coding generated broad themes. Findings revealed that the experiences parents have in partnering with schools span an identity spectrum, including (a) victim, (b) advocate, (c) perseverer, (d) educator, (e) broker and negotiator, and (f) surrenderer. Implications for policy, practice, and research focus on parent identity and family-school partnerships.
The Effects of Technology-Mediated TBLT on Enhancing the Speaking Abilities of University Students in a Collaborative EFL Learning Environment
Authors: Chen Kate Tzu-Ching 
Published: May 2019

Abstract
The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of technology-mediated TBLT (Task based language teaching) tasks where students must collaborate within an English as Foreign Language (EFL) course created to develop their English speaking abilities. A total of 25 students participated in this study and were assigned to groups of 4 to 6. Each group was asked to create seven five-minute video productions in English using their cell phone camera about topics assigned to them by the teacher over the course of one semester. The results of the pre-test and post-test indicated that the tasks were effective in improving students’ English speaking abilities. Class observations and students’ Facebook posts showed predominately positive perceptions towards the task of video making with their respective groups using technology tools. The bi-weekly video productions and the end-of-term survey revealed that the participants believe that technology-mediated TBLT in a collaborative learning environment was beneficial in increasing their English speaking abilities, which highlights the need to shift from teacher-centered activities to learner-centered activities within a collaborative learning environment.
Risk and Discrimination
Authors: Ederington Josh , Minier Jenny , Jill Stowe C. 
Published: May 2019

Abstract
In the traditional Becker model of employer discrimination, discriminatory behavior arises from a utility-maximizing owner who balances firm profits against the disutility of hiring workers from the disadvantaged demographic group. However, in the modern firm, many human resource decisions are made by agents of the owner (managers) whose actions may not reflect the preferences of even profit-maximizing owners. We present a principal-agent model of discrimination with a profit-maximizing owner and a gender-discriminating manager and show that managerial discrimination is increasing with the degree of risk in the firm’s revenue stream. Empirical tests using a Colombian plant-level dataset support a prediction of our model that female workers should be under-represented in more revenue volatile firms and industries.
Impact of total automation consolidating first-line laboratory tests on diagnostic blood loss
Authors: Pasqualetti Sara , Aloisio Elena , Birindelli Sarah , Dolci Alberto , Panteghini Mauro 
Published: May 2019

Abstract

Background
Blood loss for laboratory testing may contribute to hospital-acquired anemia. When implementing the core laboratory (core-lab) section, we consolidated first-line tests decreasing the number of tubes previously dispatched to different sites. Here, hypothesized benefits of the amount of blood volume drawn were explored.

Methods
We retrieved, using a laboratory information system (LIS), the number of tubes received by laboratories interested in the change from all clinical wards in a year-based period, i.e. 2013 for pre-core-lab and 2015 for core-lab system, respectively. Data were expressed as the overall number of tubes sent to laboratories, the corresponding blood volume, and the number of laboratory tests performed, normalized for the number of inpatients.

Results
After consolidation, the average number of blood tubes per inpatient significantly decreased (12.6 vs. 10.7, p < 0.001). However, intensive care units (ICUs) did not reduce the number of tubes per patient, according to the needs of daily monitoring of their clinical status. The average blood volume sent to laboratories did not vary significantly because serum tubes for core-lab required higher volumes for testing up to 55 analytes in the same transaction. Finally, the number of requested tests per patient during the new osystem slightly decreased (−2.6%).

Conclusions
Total laboratory automation does not automatically mean reducing iatrogenic blood loss. The new system affected the procedure of blood drawing in clinical wards by significantly reducing the number of handled tubes, producing a benefit in terms of costs, labor and time consumption. Except in ICUs, this also slightly promoted some blood saving. ICUs which engage in phlebotomizing patients daily, did not take advantage from the test consolidation.
Survey on real forms of the complex A2(2)-Toda equation and surface theory
Authors: Dorfmeister Josef F. , Freyn Walter , Kobayashi Shimpei , Wang Erxiao 
Published: May 2019

AbstractThe classical result of describing harmonic maps from surfaces into symmetric spaces of reductive Lie groups [9] states that the Maurer-Cartan form with an additional parameter, the so-called loop parameter, is integrable for all values of the loop parameter. As a matter of fact, the same result holds for k-symmetric spaces over reductive Lie groups, [8].In this survey we will show that to each of the five different types of real forms for a loop group of A2(2) there exists a surface class, for which some frame is integrable for all values of the loop parameter if and only if it belongs to one of the surface classes, that is, minimal Lagrangian surfaces in ℂℙ2, minimal Lagrangian surfaces in ℂℍ2, timelike minimal Lagrangian surfaces in ℂℍ12, proper definite affine spheres in ℝ3 and proper indefinite affine spheres in ℝ3, respectively.