bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Abstract 4146986: Removal of the Entrapped distal embolic protection system behind the stent frame during the percutaneous intervention of critically stenosed Saphenous venous graft. A Case Report.
Authors: Abdul Basit Salman , Jamil Nadia , Saleem Muhammad Sabih , Shakir Muhammad Hassan , Kumar Sunny , SETHI NISHANT 
Published: November 2024

Case Description and Procedural Technique:
86 year old female with a prior history of coronary artery bypass grafting presented with non-ST elevation MI underwent subtotal occlusion of vein graft supplying the large obtuse marginal artery.

The left coronary bypass catheter was used to cannulate the vein graft, supplying the obtuse marginal artery. Balanced middleweight universal wire (BMW) was used to cross the lesion. Given the critical nature of the lesion, it was pre-dilated using a 2 mm balloon. Bare wire and emboshield NAV6 (2.5-4.8mm) embolic protection was then used for distal protection. Due to hemodynamically intolerance, direct stenting was opted for, and a 3.5 x 16 mm synergy stent was deployed over the BMW wire with accidental entrapment of the bare wire and embossed filter protection system behind the stent frame.
We have then placed an un-inflated 2.5 mm balloon inside the stent frame over the BMW wire. A 1 mm sapphire balloon was advanced over the bare wire, and its distal tip was placed behind the proximal edge of the stent. It was then inflated at 8 atmospheres. Serial inflations behind the stent frame were done with slow advancement of the balloon, covering the entire length of the stent. The balloon was then upsized to 2 mm, and serial inflations were performed behind the stent frame. After creating enough lumen, the filter was pulled back and re-captured. The 2.5 mm balloon was then inflated inside the stent frame. The balloon was upsized to 3.5 mm for the good apposition of the stent frame. TIMI III flow was obtained without any complications.

Discussion:
Distal embolic protection with intravascular filters is often used during percutaneous intervention of saphenous venous grafts. Accidental entrapment of emboshield filter systems can occur behind the stent in emergent situations when buddy wire technique is used in the vein graft. Our technique describes removal of the entrapped filter in a safe manner keeping the stent frame in place without surgical intervention. A few similar cases have been reported in the literature with surgical removal of wire.
Abstract 4147012: Classic Physiology Revealed During Mitral Valve Transcatheter Edge-to-Edge Repair: A Case of Hypertrophic Obstructive Cardiomyopathy Resulting in Severe Mitral Regurgitation
Authors: Axline Michael , Axline David , Cudemus Gaston , Muller Laura , Verghese Dhiran , Sierra Juan , Dakkak Wael , Patel Sankalp , Cubeddu Robert 
Published: November 2024

Case
This case demonstrates classic cardiac physiology revealed in an unorthodox manner. Our patient is a 76-year-old male with a past medical history of HOCM, CAD, mild mitral regurgitation who presents to the hospital in the setting of chest pain. Work up revealed a high sensitivity troponin trend concerning for NSTEMI. Patient underwent a left heart cath where he was found to have a proximal LAD lesion with 99% stenosis requiring stenting. Post-intervention patient developed recurrent chest pain and a stat echocardiogram raised concerns for impending cardiogenic shock. Patient thus underwent emergent left and right heart cath. Impella LVAD placed for hemodynamic support. TEE was later obtained revealing moderate to severe mitral regurgitation, representing a progression from prior. At this time both advanced heart failure and structural heart service were consulted. The progression of the patient’s mitral regurgitation was thought to be impacting clinical deterioration and mitral valve transcatheter edge-to-edge repair (TEER) was discussed to address MR in the setting of obstruction. A multidisciplinary meeting resulted in decision to proceed with mitral valve TEER. Baseline hemodynamic gradients confirmed the presence of HOCM with peak-to-peak pressure gradient of 110 mmHg. Intraoperative TEE confirmed the presence of SAM and severe MR. The patient was prepared for a Pascal ACE clip, though in setting of this procedure phenylephrine was required for blood pressure support, revealing improvement in both SAM and MR. The patient was hemodynamically challenged with phenylephrine resulting in temporary resolution of MR and LVOT obstruction. These findings demonstrated a competent mitral valve with regurgitation resulting from HOCM physiology. After a multidisciplinary discussion, decision made to abort and withhold MV TEER.

Discussion:
This case demonstrates classic HOCM physiology in the setting of an attempted TEER procedure. With the addition of phenylephrine and increased afterload SAM resolved, as did much of the patient’s valvular regurgitation. This confirmed a competent mitral valve impacted by HOCM physiology rather than primary mitral valvular pathology. This case demonstrates the impact of structural imaging and competent imagers in the setting of complex anatomy and physiology. In this case TEE findings from provocative hemodynamic testing prevented unnecessary procedures.
Prognostic Significance and Associations of Neural Network–Derived Electrocardiographic Features
Authors: Sau Arunashis , Ribeiro Antônio H. , McGurk Kathryn A. , Pastika Libor , Bajaj Nikesh , Gurnani Mehak , Sieliwonczyk Ewa , Patlatzoglou Konstantinos , Ardissino Maddalena , Chen Jun Yu , Wu Huiyi , Shi Xili , Hnatkova Katerina , Zheng Sean L. , Britton Annie , Shipley Martin , Andršová Irena , Novotný Tomáš , Sabino Ester C. , Giatti Luana , Barreto Sandhi M. , Waks Jonathan W. , Kramer Daniel B. , Mandic Danilo , Peters Nicholas S. , O’Regan Declan P. , Malik Marek , Ware James S. , Ribeiro Antonio Luiz P. , Ng Fu Siong 
Published: November 2024

BACKGROUND:
Subtle, prognostically important ECG features may not be apparent to physicians. In the course of supervised machine learning, thousands of ECG features are identified. These are not limited to conventional ECG parameters and morphology. We aimed to investigate whether neural network–derived ECG features could be used to predict future cardiovascular disease and mortality and have phenotypic and genotypic associations.

METHODS:
We extracted 5120 neural network–derived ECG features from an artificial intelligence–enabled ECG model trained for 6 simple diagnoses and applied unsupervised machine learning to identify 3 phenogroups. Using the identified phenogroups, we externally validated our findings in 5 diverse cohorts from the United States, Brazil, and the United Kingdom. Data were collected between 2000 and 2023.

RESULTS:

In total, 1 808 584 patients were included in this study. In the derivation cohort, the 3 phenogroups had significantly different mortality profiles. After adjusting for known covariates, phenogroup B had a 20% increase in long-term mortality compared with phenogroup A (hazard ratio, 1.20 [95% CI, 1.17–1.23];
P
<0.0001; phenogroup A mortality, 2.2%; phenogroup B mortality, 6.1%). In univariate analyses, we found phenogroup B had a significantly greater risk of mortality in all cohorts (log-rank
P
<0.01 in all 5 cohorts). Phenome-wide association study showed phenogroup B had a higher rate of future atrial fibrillation (odds ratio, 2.89;
P
<0.00001), ventricular tachycardia (odds ratio, 2.00;
P
<0.00001), ischemic heart disease (odds ratio, 1.44;
P
<0.00001), and cardiomyopathy (odds ratio, 2.04;
P
<0.00001). A single-trait genome-wide association study yielded 4 loci.
SCN10A
,
SCN5A
, and
CAV1
have roles in cardiac conduction and arrhythmia.
ARHGAP24
does not have a clear cardiac role and may be a novel target.

CONCLUSIONS:
Neural network–derived ECG features can be used to predict all-cause mortality and future cardiovascular diseases. We have identified biologically plausible and novel phenotypic and genotypic associations that describe mechanisms for the increased risk identified.
Return and Circular Migration Motives of Nordic and Baltic Citizens during the Covid-19 Pandemic and Diaspora Engagement
Authors: Kļaviņš Didzis , Birka Ieva , Stučka Malvīne 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
The contribution of this article is to collect and evaluate developed-country citizen-migration motives during the first year of the Covid-19 pandemic (March 2020–March 2021) by concentrating on return and circular migration to the Nordic and Baltic countries. The focus is on trying to understand who returned and why, and if these individuals were likely to stay or engage in further circular migration. In our exploratory study, we engaged with prevailing migration theories to analyse our unique dataset, to ascertain how well existing scholarship might account for and predict migration during a crisis situation. The study makes a valuable contribution to the ongoing discussion on the effect of Covid-19 on migration patterns, especially of highly qualified migrants, and calls for further scholarly investigation into the impact of emotions, social relations and obligations on return and circular migration motivations. This study also reveals how governments with established diaspora policies and initiatives that promote return migration engaged with the returning citizens.
The Impact of Digital Transformation on Enterprise Supply Chain Performance and Precision Management
Authors: Yang Lei , Liu Xianfeng , Liu Xuanhuang 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
In the pursuit of investigating the intricate interplay among enterprise digital transformation, supply chain performance, and precision management within the context of the era of big data, this research undertakes an empirical inquiry employing a structured questionnaire survey. This research commences by scrutinizing the impact of digital transformation on enterprise supply chain (ESC) performance, elucidating the strategic application of precision management in the digital transformation process, and subsequently offers comprehensive elucidations encompassing digital transformation, ESC performance, and precision management from diverse analytical perspectives. Subsequently, an array of research hypotheses is postulated and systematically substantiated through rigorous data analysis. Notably, the outcomes of the experimentation attest to the robustness of the questionnaire designed for this research, manifesting Cronbach’s α coefficients that consistently surpass the threshold of 0.8 across all dimensions. Moreover, the Kaiser-Meyer-Olkin (KMO) values, surpassing 0.82, further endorse the instrument’s reliability and validity, rendering it eminently suitable for experimental deployment. Subsequently, in the correlation analysis, a statistically significant relationship is discerned between the dual dimensions of digital transformation and the dual facets of ESC performance and precision management, ultimately affirming the validity of hypotheses H1a, H1b, H2a, H2b, H3a, H3b, H4a, and H4b. In the regression analysis, the coefficients of determination for the two regression models are 0.478 and 0.557, further confirming the hypotheses proposed in this research. The conclusion suggests that digital transformation is an evolving process, and enterprises should adopt a stance of continuous improvement and innovation. Regular assessments of the effectiveness of digital transformation should be conducted, with adjustments and improvements made based on feedback results. Therefore, this research provides valuable insights into the analysis of the relationship between digital transformation and ESC and precision management.
Assessing Biodiversity Loss and the Challenge of Implementing Nature Conservation Laws in Africa
Authors: Ogunniyi Daniel , Azeta Angela 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
Despite multilateral global efforts to improve biodiversity conservation, the African biodiversity range is increasingly facing existential threats. The Red List of Threatened Species (RLTS) adopted by the International Union for the Conservation of Nature (IUCN) to protect relevant species is not effectively implemented in many African countries. In this study, we identify the legal mechanisms to protect biodiversity at regional and national levels, focusing specifically on Liberia and Nigeria. We also identify the specific drivers of biodiversity loss in sub-Saharan Africa as a framework for formulating context-specific laws. The study highlights the importance of prioritising legislative action reflecting the IUCN’s red list of threatened species and the need to develop local solutions to more contextual challenges. The added relevance of creating specialised agencies to address the crisis of biodiversity loss is also discussed.
The Hengduan Mountains’ Subsidiary ranges impacted the geographic distribution patterns of bats
Authors: Liu Wei , Li Jing , He Jingying , Xu Guanbing , Wang Yanmei , Yang Yaping , Song Yiwen , Zhao Liming , Bu Yanzhen , Niu Hongxing 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
The role of the Hengduan Mountains in biodiversity distribution is well-documented, but the impact of its subsidiary ranges on species distribution and evolution remains unclear. This study examined the Stoliczka’s Asian Trident Bat (Aselliscus stoliczkanus) to assess how Pleistocene climatic changes and the uplift of these ranges influenced its distribution and evolution. Using species distribution models, morphometric data, and molecular genetic analysis, we identified shifts in the bat’s distribution under different climatic scenarios and evaluated its morphological and genetic differentiation. We found a significant correlation between the bat’s distribution and warmest quarter precipitation, with habitat suitability fluctuating in response to climatic changes. The subsidiary ranges facilitated morphological and genetic differentiation among bat populations and acted as barriers to dispersal. These findings underscore the critical role of the Hengduan Mountains’ subsidiary ranges in shaping bat distribution and evolution, providing new insights into the effects of geological changes on small mammals in the region.
From Enemy in Real Life to dramatis persona
Authors: Sasso Ludovica 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
The dispute between Poggio Bracciolini and Lorenzo Valla (1452–1453) was the intellectual contest par excellence of the Italian Quattrocento, and the scholarly confrontation among them stood out especially in the first two orationes in Vallam of the ‘Florentine’, and in the first Antidotum in Pogium of the Roman. In these examples, an intense mutual criticism of the opponent’s linguistic skills, grammatical method, and teaching of Latin appears. This contribution focuses on the subsequent development of the dispute, i.e., on Poggio’s oratio tertia and quarta in Vallam and Valla’s Apologus. In these cases, the mutual metamorphosis of the opponent from a real enemy to a dramatis persona (as character of a ‘tale’) will be investigated. With this literary mechanism, the conventional norms of the invectiva are transformed into a different approach characterised by a sort of theatrical performance, with an higher content of fantasy, literary freedom, and humour.
The Dangers of Demagogues and Democratic Revolution: on Aristotle’s Education of the Serious
Authors: Leonardo Kenneth Andrew Andres 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
This article concerns the dangers of demagogues in democracies described in the Politics and the edifying purposes of Aristotle’s ethical works in relation to the politically ambitious student. The translation of σπουδαῖος as serious is key to understanding the connection between these works. Although similar arguments appear elsewhere in his Corpus, Aristotle’s arguments in the Great Ethics are unique because the audience is warned about the dangers of political rule and is ultimately led away from the pursuit of it. Aristotle appears to specifically lead this class of politically ambitious students toward a serious pursuit of virtue, justice, and prudence with a final view to both friendship and citizenship. This emphasis is significant because an ‘individual who is serious-about-rule’ (σπουδάρχης) is excessively eager for office. Furthermore, ‘those serious-about-rule’ are dangerous when they act as demagogues, and this is one cause of revolutions in democracies.
Feeling One’s Way: Emotion and Medieval Literature
Authors: Lynch Andrew 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
This afterword sums up and responds to the articles in the special issue. It notes the variety in representations of the textual self and its constitution through emotion across medieval Northern Europe; representations which nevertheless depend on an imagined body. It also calls attention to the development of ideas of subjectivity and interiority and the ways in which literary experimentation drives social change, ending with a plea to reconsider the association of the medieval period with violence.
Captive Books, Captive Teachers. Spoils of the Long Turkish Wars in 17th-century Vienna
Authors: Petrolini Chiara 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
This article follows the journey of Turkish, Arabic, and Persian manuscripts – seized as spoils of war during the Long Turkish Wars – from the battlefields to the library collections of a Protestant baron and a Catholic librarian in Vienna. It examines ownership records and marginalia, shedding light on how these ‘oriental’ texts were decoded and sometimes misinterpreted by a diverse group of non-Ottoman actors, including soldiers, bibliophiles, and scholars. It contributes to understanding the reading habits of Ottoman soldiers, enabling comparisons with those of their Christian counterparts. In addition, this article follows the story of Dervīş İbrāhīm, a Muslim prisoner of war, who worked for Sebastian Tengnagel. Interweaving objects, books, and people, it underscores the entangled threads of violence and knowledge in a period marked by profound religious and social change.
Anomalous Hawaiian Sea Level Pressure Is Key to Initiate the North Pacific Meridional Mode
Authors: Wang Yiming , Bao Ming 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
The spring North Pacific meridional mode (NPMM) has a significant impact on the development of the following El Niño–Southern Oscillation (ENSO). Thus, understanding the source of the NPMM is of great importance for predicting the subsequent ENSO. The prevailing explanation for the formation of the spring NPMM is associated with the North Pacific Oscillation (NPO) during the preceding winter. Using observational data and phase 6 of the Coupled Model Intercomparison Project (CMIP6) outputs, this study clarifies that the anomalous sea level pressure (SLP) over the Hawaiian region from January to March (JFM), rather than the NPO, is key to initiate the spring NPMM. Analysis of the JFM SLP anomalies related to the spring NPMM reveals that the greater standard deviation of SLP anomalies at higher latitudes amplifies the impact of extratropical atmospheric variability on the formation of the spring NPMM. The key role of the Hawaiian SLP anomalies is further supported by their ability to initiate the spring NPMM independently of the NPO, whereas the NPO cannot. The Hawaiian SLP anomalies can also initiate the spring NPMM independently of the wintertime central Pacific ENSO which is NPMM’s another possible source. The results of the CMIP6 outputs demonstrate that the impact of the JFM Hawaiian anomalies on the spring NPMM is consistent with the observation, whereas the impact of the JFM NPO is inconsistent. Not all the JFM SLP anomalies associated with the spring NPMM exhibit the NPO-like pattern in these models.

Significance Statement
The North Pacific meridional mode (NPMM) is the leading mode of ocean–atmosphere variability over the tropical and subtropical North Pacific after removing the concurrent ENSO, which is most significant in boreal spring. Previous studies mainly assume that the spring NPMM formation is associated with the North Pacific Oscillation (NPO) during the preceding winter. This study elucidates that the anomalous sea level pressure (SLP) over the Hawaiian region, rather than the NPO, is key to initiate the spring NPMM. The greater standard deviation of SLP anomalies at higher latitudes is responsible for the emergence of the NPO-like pattern. These results can enhance our understanding of the extent to which the NPMM is affected by extratropical atmospheric variability.
Zonal and directional variations in tensile properties of bovine articular cartilage with special reference to strain rate variation
Authors: Verteramo A. , Seedhom B.B. 
Published: November 2024

The aims of this study were: (i) to investigate the variation in the tensile properties of articular cartilage with depth through cartilage thickness and fibre orientation; (ii) to determine the effect of strain rate on tensile properties of articular cartilage. Materials and method: All experimental work was performed on cartilage specimens taken from two bovine knee joints. Osteochondral plugs 12 mm in diameter were harvested with a special reamer from the femur and the tibial plateaux of each knee. Slices (0.2 mm thick), of articular cartilage were cut from the plug with a microtome. The predominant orientation of the collagen fibres on the cartilage surface was determined using the pinpricking technique. Each specimen used for the tensile test was cut, so as to produce a dumbbell shape, with a gauge length of 6 mm. Uniaxial tensile tests were performed on each specimen in order to determine the tensile Young's modulus, and ultimate tensile strength (UTS). In this investigation, these tensile tests were carried out at different strain rate: 1, 20, 50 and 70%/sec. Results: As regards the zonal properties, it was found that tensile stiffness was greater in the superficial layer than in deep layer. However, a few specimens from the deep layer displayed similar or greater stiffness compared to the superficial layer. With respect to the directional properties, the specimens oriented parallel to the predominant alignment of collagen, were stiffer than those, which were perpendicular to it in each layer. However, only the results regarding the deep layer can be considered statistically significant. In regard to the variation of modulus with the strain‐rate, the results showed that there is no significant increase of the modulus with increasing strain rate from 20 to 50% per second. However, at 70% per second, articular cartilage stiffness considerably increased by up to one order of magnitude greater than that determined at lower strain rates in both the superficial and deep layer. Moreover, the UTS of cartilage specimens tested at 70% per second showed a significant rise, reaching values of four to five times that of those measured at 1, 20 or 50% per second. Conclusion: The steep increases in both the stiffness and ultimate tensile strength of cartilage at high strain rates point to the existence in cartilage of a mechanism for its protection from damage by stresses arising in trauma, which are usually applied at high rates. This mechanism needs to be elucidated. The reduced anisotropy found in the present study pointed out that collagen is likely to be less organized in bovine cartilage than in the human and therefore, a study of its ultra‐structure would be appropriate.