bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Better hospital context increases success of care pathway implementation on achieving greater teamwork: a multicenter study on STEMI care
Authors: Aeyels Daan , Bruyneel Luk , Seys Deborah , Sinnaeve Peter R , Sermeus Walter , Panella Massimiliano , Vanhaecht Kris 
Published: September 2018

AbstractObjectiveTo evaluate whether hospital context influences the effect of care pathway implementation on teamwork processes and output in STEMI care.DesignA multicenter pre–post intervention study.SettingEleven acute hospitals.ParticipantsCardiologists-in-chief, nurse managers, quality staff, quality managers and program managers reported on hospital context. Teamwork was rated by professional groups (medical doctors, nurses, allied health professionals, other) in the following departments: emergency room, catheterization lab, coronary care unit, cardiology ward and rehabilitation.InterventionCare pathway covering in-hospital care from emergency services to rehabilitation.Main outcome measuresHospital context was measured by the five dimensions of the Model for Understanding Success in Quality: microsystem, quality improvement team, quality improvement support, high-level organization, external environment. Teamwork process measures reflected teamwork between professional groups within departments and teamwork between departments. Teamwork output was measured through the level of organized care. Two-level regression analysis accounted for clustering of respondents within hospitals and assessed the influence of hospital context on the impact of care pathway implementation on teamwork.ResultsCare pathway implementation significantly improved teamwork processes both between professional groups (P < 0.001) and between departments (P < 0.001). Teamwork output also improved (P < 0.001). The effect of care pathway implementation on teamwork was more pronounced when the quality improvement team and quality improvement support and capacity were more positively reported on.ConclusionsHospitals can leverage the effect of quality improvement interventions such as care pathways by evaluating and improving aspects of hospital context.
Mesenchymal stem cell exosomes as a cell-free therapy for nerve injury–induced pain in rats
Authors: Shiue Sheng-Jie , Rau Ruey-Horng , Shiue Han-Shiang , Hung Yi-Wei , Li Zhi-Xiang , Yang Kuender D. , Cheng Jen-Kun 
Published: September 2018

Abstract
Nerve injury–induced neuropathic pain is difficult to treat. In this study, we used exosomes derived from human umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cell (UCMSC) as a cell-free therapy for nerve injury–induced pain in rats. Isolated UCMSC exosomes range in size from 30 to 160 nm and contain CD63, HSP60, and CD81 exosome markers. After L5/6 spinal nerve ligation surgery, single intrathecal injection of exosomes reversed nerve ligation–induced mechanical and thermal hypersensitivities of right hindpaw of rats at initial and well-developed pain stages. Moreover, continuous intrathecal infusion of exosomes achieved excellent preventive and reversal effects for nerve ligation–induced pain. In immunofluorescent study, lots of Exo-green-labelled exosomes could be found majorly in the ipsilateral L5 spinal dorsal horn, dorsal root ganglion, and peripheral axons, suggesting the homing ability of UCMSC exosomes. They also appeared in the central terminals or cell bodies of IB4+, CGRP+, and NF200+ sensory neurons. In addition, exosome treatment suppressed nerve ligation–induced upregulation of c-Fos, CNPase, GFAP, and Iba1. All these data suggest that the analgesic effects of exosomes may involve their actions on neuron and glial cells. Exosomes also inhibited the level of TNF-α and IL-1β, while enhanced the level of IL-10, brain-derived neurotrophic factor, and glial cell line–derived neurotrophic factor in the ipsilateral L5/6 dorsal root ganglion of nerve-ligated rats, indicating anti-inflammatory and proneurotrophic abilities. Protein analysis revealed the content of vascular endothelial growth factor C, angiopoietin-2, and fibroblast growth factor-2 in the exosomes. In summary, intrathecal infusion of exosomes from UCMSCs may be considered as a novel therapeutic approach for nerve injury–induced pain.
Pancreatectomy With Arterial Resection for Pancreatic Adenocarcinoma: How Can It Be Done Safely and With Which Outcomes?
Authors: Bachellier Philippe , Addeo Pietro , Faitot François , Nappo Gennaro , Dufour Patrick 
Published: September 2018

Objective:
This study assesses the safety and outcomes of the largest cohort of pancreatectomy with arterial resection (P-AR).

Background:
A high postoperative mortality rate and uncertain oncologic benefits have limited the use of P-AR for locally advanced pancreatic adenocarcinoma.

Methods:
We retrospectively reviewed a prospectively maintained database of patients who underwent P-AR between January 1990 and November 2017. Univariate and multivariate Cox analyses were used to assess prognostic factors for survival.

Results:
There were 118 consecutive resections (51 pancreaticoduodenectomies, 18 total pancreatectomies, and 49 distal splenopancreatectomies). Resected arterial segments included the coeliac trunk (50), hepatic artery (29), superior mesenteric artery (35), and other segments (4). The overall mortality and morbidity were 5.1% and 41.5%, respectively. There were 84 (75.4%) patients who received neoadjuvant chemotherapy, 105 (89%) simultaneous venous resections, and 101 (85.5%) arterial reconstructions. The rates of R0 resection and pathologic invasion of venous and arterial walls were 52.4%, 74.2%, and 58%, respectively. The overall survival was 59%, 13%, and 11.8% at 1, 3, and 5 years, respectively. The median overall survival after resection was 13.70 months (CI 95%:11–18.5 mo). In multivariate analysis, R0 resection (HR: 0.60; 95% CI: 0.38–0.96; P = 0.01) and venous invasion (HR: 1.67; 95% CI: 1.01–2.63; P = 0.04) were independent prognostic factors.

Conclusion:
In a specialized setting, P-AR for locally advanced pancreatic adenocarcinoma can be performed safely with limited mortality and morbidity. Negative resection margin and the absence of associated venous invasion might predict favorable long-term outcomes.
Neurological and Ophthalmological Manifestations of Varicella Zoster Virus
Authors: Kedar Sachin , Jayagopal Lakshman N. , Berger Joseph R. 
Published: September 2018

Background:
Approximately 1 million new cases of herpes zoster (HZ) occur in the United States annually, including 10%–20% with herpes zoster ophthalmicus (HZO). Postherpetic neuralgia, a debilitating pain syndrome occurs in 30% HZ, whereas 50% HZO develop ophthalmic complications. Diplopia from cranial nerve palsy occurs in less than 30% HZO, whereas optic neuropathy is seen in less than 1% HZO. We reviewed recent developments in the diagnosis, treatment, and prevention of HZ as well as neurological and ophthalmological complications of relevance to the neuro-ophthalmologist.

Evidence Acquisition:
We searched the English language literature on Pubmed and Google scholar for articles relevant to the various sections of this review.

Results:
Antiviral treatment should be initiated within 48–72 hours of onset of HZ and HZO to decrease pain and reduce complications. We recommend neuroimaging in all patients with neuro-ophthalmic manifestations such as diplopia and acute vision loss. Diagnostic confirmation using polymerase chain reaction and serology on paired serum and cerebrospinal fluid samples should be obtained in those with neurological signs and symptoms or abnormal imaging. Patients with neurological and/or retinal varicella zoster virus (VZV) infection should be treated promptly with intravenous acyclovir. Patients with isolated optic neuropathy or cranial nerve palsy can be managed with oral antivirals. The prognosis for visual recovery is good for patients with isolated optic neuropathy and excellent for patients with isolated ocular motor cranial nerve palsy.

Conclusions:
HZ produces a spectrum of potentially blinding and life-threatening complications that adversely affect quality of life and increase health care costs. Individuals at risk for HZ, such as the elderly and immunocompromised, should be encouraged to receive the highly effective VZV vaccine to prevent HZ and its complications.
James Francis Tait. 1 December 1925—2 February 2014
Authors: Vinson Gavin P. , Coghlan John P. 
Published: September 2018

James F. Tait FRS, with his wife Sylvia A. S. Tait FRS, made an indelible contribution to life science and medicine with the isolation and characterization of aldosterone, the most potent mineralocorticoid hormone produced by the mammalian adrenal cortex.Trained as a physicist, Tait turned to endocrinology during his first academic appointment at the Medical School of the Middlesex Hospital in London, where he met Sylvia. Their collaboration resulted in this major achievement within five years of his appointment, and they were both elected to fellowships of the Royal Society in 1959, when James was just 34.Shortly afterwards the Taits moved to the Worcester Foundation for Experimental Biology in Massachusetts, where he virtually created the study of hormone dynamics, using sophisticated techniques involving isotopically labelled hormone infusions. Many of his most highly cited papers stem from this period.In 1970 the Taits returned to the Middlesex Hospital, when he was appointed to the Joel Chair of Physics as Applied to Medicine. Here they continued studies on aldosterone and other adrenal steroids, using animal cell models.He continued to be active after retiring in 1982, and published a history of aldosterone in 2009. As a hobby he made a magnificent photographic record of the churches and abbeys of Yorkshire.Although, initially, recognition of aldosterone's clinical significance was slow, today it is thought that 10% of the incidence of essential hypertension is attributable to excess aldosterone. Aldactone, the earliest aldosterone antagonist, as well as more recently developed blockers, have proved effective in congestive heart failure. Sixty years after its discovery, aldosterone remains a rich and dynamic research field.
Viewing pictures triggers rapid morphological enlargement in the human visual cortex
Authors: Månsson K.N.T. , Cortes D.S. , Manzouri A. , Hau S. , Fischer H. 
Published: September 2018

AbstractBrain morphology change over the course of weeks, days, and hours, and can be detected by non-invasive structural magnetic resonance imaging. Rapid morphological changes at scanning has yet not been investigated. In a randomized within-group study, high-resolution anatomical images were acquired during passive viewing of pictures or a fixation cross. Forty-seven individuals gray matter volume and cortical thickness were investigated, and both measures increased in the visual cortex while viewing pictures relative to a fixation cross. Thus, brain morphology enlargements were detected in less than 263 seconds. Neuroplasticity is a far more dynamic process than previously shown, suggesting that individuals’ current mental state affects indices of brain morphology. This needs to be taken into account in future morphology studies and in everyday clinical practice.
Specific detection of cell-free DNA derived from intestinal epithelial cells using methylation patterns
Authors: Lehmann-Werman Roni , Zick Aviad , Paweletz Cloud , Welch Marisa , Hubert Ayala , Maoz Miriam , Davidy Tal , Magenheim Judith , Piyanzin Sheina , Neiman Daniel , Moss Joshua , Golan Hadar , Israeli Eran , Fischer Matan , Segal Eran , Grompe Markus , Pikarsky Alon , Golan Talia , Glaser Benjamin , Shemer Ruth , Wolpin Brian , Dor Yuval 
Published: September 2018

AbstractEpithelial cells of the intestine undergo rapid turnover and are thought to be cleared via stool. Disruption of tissue architecture, as occurs in colorectal cancer (CRC), results in the release of material from dying intestinal epithelial cells to blood. This phenomenon could be utilized for diagnosis and monitoring of intestinal diseases, if circulating cell-free DNA (cfDNA) derived from intestinal cells could be specifically identified. Here we describe two genomic loci that are unmethylated specifically in intestinal epithelial cells, allowing for sensitive and specific detection of DNA derived from such cells. As expected, intestinal DNA is found in stool, but not in plasma, of healthy individuals. Patients with inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) have minimal amounts of intestinal cfDNA in the plasma, whereas patients with advanced CRC show a strong signal. The intestinal markers are not elevated in plasma samples from patients with pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC), and a combination of intestine- and pancreas-specific markers allowed for robust differentiation between plasma cfDNA derived from CRC and PDAC patients. Intestinal DNA markers provide a mutation-independent tool for monitoring intestinal dynamics in health and disease.
Organ-specific propensity drives patterns of gene expression evolution
Authors: Fukushima Kenji , Pollock David D. 
Published: September 2018

AbstractThe origins of multicellular physiology are tied to evolution of gene expression. Genes can shift expression as organisms evolve, but how ancestral expression influences altered descendant expression is not well understood. To examine this, we amalgamated 1,903 RNA-seq datasets from 182 research projects, including 6 organs in 21 vertebrate species. Quality control eliminated project-specific biases, and expression shifts were reconstructed using gene-family-wise phylogenetic Ornstein–Uhlenbeck models. Expression shifts following gene duplication result in more drastic changes in expression properties than shifts without gene duplication. The expression properties were tightly coupled with protein evolutionary rate, depending on whether and how gene duplication occurred. Fluxes in expression patterns among organs were nonrandom, forming modular connections which were reshaped by gene duplication. Thus, if expression shifted, ancestral expression in some organs induces a strong propensity for expression in particular organs in descendants. This supports a major role for what might be termed “preadaptive” pathways of gene expression evolution.
Innovative approach for suppressing corrosion of SS304 steel in saline water environment
Authors: A. Vivek Anand , V. Arumugam , S. Jayalakshmi , R. Arvind Singh 
Published: September 2018

PurposeThe failure of structures and components made of SS304 steel because of corrosion in the presence of saline water environment is still an unsolved issue across the globe. Conventionally, coatings and inhibitors are used to mitigate corrosion. The purpose of this study is to propose a novel method to tackle corrosion by means of micro-patterning on the surface and to explore the relation between surface morphology, corrosion and wetting nature of micro-patterned SS304 Steel.Design/methodology/approachGroove-shaped micro-patterns were created on SS304 steel surface with varying ridge and channel widths. Wettability studies conducted on flat and micro-patterned steel surfaces using high speed camera. Corrosion tests carried out in saline water using an electrochemical test set-up to quantify the performance of micro-patterned surface over flat surface and scanning electron microscopic analysis to visualize the severity of corrosion on the surfaces of SS304 steel.FindingsWettability studies showed that the micro-patterned steel surfaces were hydrophobic. Corrosion rates of the micro-patterned steel surfaces were lower by more than an order of magnitude compared to that of the flat steel surface. Scanning electron microscopic analysis revealed that the micro-patterned steel surfaces had less surface damage compared to the flat surface.Originality/valueThe author shows that the remarkable corrosion resistance shown by the micro-patterned steel surfaces is attributed to their hydrophobicity, which reduced the contact between the surfaces and the corrosive liquid media. Results from the investigation indicate that micro-patterning of SS304 steel surfaces is an effective route to decrease corrosion.
From the organizational life-cycle to “ecocycle”: a configurational approach to strategic thinking
Authors: Dufour Yvon , Steane Peter , Corriveau Anne Marie 
Published: September 2018

PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to build on the configurational approach to strategic thinking – with the “écocycle” framework – to advance the understanding of the organizational life cycle. This integrative approach brings new insights into the dynamism of organizational life cycle.Design/methodology/approachThis framework builds on analysis of the literature on organizational life cycle and extensive consulting and teaching experience with business executives.FindingsThe framework highlights the complex and dynamic nature of thinking and decision making in organizations. It suggests a spectrum of multiple ways of thinking over time, as strategy changes to accommodate each organization’s challenging environment.Originality/valueThe “ecocycle” framework progresses the understanding of organizational life cycle, by incorporating the diverse factors and features into a more unified, holistic and synthetic approach. The framework challenges the linear sequential view of organizational life cycle, and suggests the process of strategy development is not comprised of independent forms or alternative choices, but rather different business practices of organizations aligned with different stages of the strategic thinking cycle.
Static analysis of a balanced armature receiver
Authors: Ziolkowski Marcin , Kwiatkowski Wojciech , Gratkowski Stanislaw , Ziolkowski Marek 
Published: September 2018

Purpose
A balanced armature receiver (BAR) as a special type of electromagnetic acoustic transducers plays a significant role in reproduction of music and speech, active noise control in modern hearing aid and in contemporary in-ear monitors. This paper aims to present a static analysis of the balanced armature receiver based on the lumped network approach (LNA) and the finite element method (FEM).

Design/methodology/approach
In this paper, the LNA and two-dimensional FEM are applied to model deflections of the BAR’s armature from the equilibrium position. Results of calculations are compared with measurements.

Findings
The derived analytical formulas and developed procedure allow for calculation of the armature deflection.

Originality/value
Comparing to the previous papers, the reluctance’s nonlinearity of the armature has been considered.
Zigzag and zeitgeist: motivation in organizations
Authors: Apter Michael J. , Desselles Mitzi 
Published: September 2018

Purpose
The purpose of this paper is to introduce an unconventional approach to personality and motivation, known as reversal theory, and to bring out some of its challenging practical implications, especially for organizations. The theory emphasizes frequent change and people’s tendency to “zigzag” creatively through life rather than be limited by fixed traits, or types, which limit their capabilities.

Design/methodology/approach
The paper introduces some basic concepts of the reversal theory.

Findings
Research shows, among other things, that there are four basic pairs of motivational states that people reverse between in the course of everyday life, that individuals vary in terms of their degree of “motivational intelligence”, and that organizations have contrasting emotional “microclimates” that can be controlled and changed by leaders as needs change.

Research limitations/implications
The theory has been developed from some 40 years of dedicated psychological research – observational, clinical, psychometric, and experimental – in many different countries and on a wide variety of topics.

Practical implications
The psychological theory was developed originally from work in clinical and counseling psychology and has always had an applied orientation. Practical concepts touched on in this paper include motivational intelligence, psychological reversal, and microclimates. These ideas have been applied in many different fields including personal and leadership development, workplace satisfaction, and customer relations.

Originality/value
The theory clearly contrasts with other psychological theories, has empirical support, and has proved itself in various applied contexts.
Islands as refuges for surviving global catastrophes
Authors: Turchin Alexey , Green Brian Patrick 
Published: September 2018

Purpose
Islands have long been discussed as refuges from global catastrophes; this paper will evaluate them systematically, discussing both the positives and negatives of islands as refuges. There are examples of isolated human communities surviving for thousands of years on places like Easter Island. Islands could provide protection against many low-level risks, notably including bio-risks. However, they are vulnerable to tsunamis, bird-transmitted diseases and other risks. This paper aims to explore how to use the advantages of islands for survival during global catastrophes.

Design/methodology/approach
Preliminary horizon scanning based on the application of the research principles established in the previous global catastrophic literature.

Findings
The large number of islands on Earth, and their diverse conditions, increase the chance that one of them will provide protection from a catastrophe. Additionally, this protection could be increased if an island was used as a base for a nuclear submarine refuge combined with underground bunkers and/or extremely long-term data storage. The requirements for survival on islands, their vulnerabilities and ways to mitigate and adapt to risks are explored. Several existing islands, suitable for the survival of different types of risk, timing and budgets, are examined. Islands suitable for different types of refuges and other island-like options that could also provide protection are also discussed.

Originality/value
The possible use of islands as refuges from social collapse and existential risks has not been previously examined systematically. This paper contributes to the expanding research on survival scenarios.
Healthcare vs social sciences students: who identifies the most?
Authors: Barbarà-i-Molinero Alba , Sancha Cristina , Cascón-Pereira Rosalia 
Published: September 2018

Purpose
The purpose of this paper is to analyse and compare the level of professional identity strength between healthcare and social sciences students.

Design/methodology/approach
Based on a sample of 339 students, the authors conduct an ANOVA analysis in order to compare students’ professional identity strength across the abovementioned groups.

Findings
The authors’ results show that there are significant differences in professional identity strength between healthcare and social sciences students. In particular, healthcare sciences students show stronger professional identity than social sciences students.

Originality/value
This study contributes to the existing literature on professional identity in higher education by being the first study comparing student’s professional identity between bachelor degrees from different professional fields of study and by showing the relevance of discipline as a contextual variable in the study of students’ professional identity.