bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Measurement equivalence between men and women in the abbreviated Social and Emotional Loneliness Scale for Adults (SELSA).
Authors: Pollet Thomas V. , Saxton Tamsin K. , Mitchell Melanie 
Published: December 2018

Health practitioners, policy-makers, and psychologists point to legitimate concerns about the negative impact of loneliness. To help resolve such negative impact, we need to better understand the psychometric structure of loneliness. Men’s and women’s differing social roles may mean that they experience different sources of loneliness. After matching via exact matching, we compared men and women’s scores (N = 273) on the abbreviated form of the Social and Emotional Loneliness Scale for Adults (SELSA) using confirmatory factor analysis and measurement invariance testing. We replicated the three-factor structure of the SELSA, thereby providing further evidence for differing etiologies of family, romantic, and social loneliness. We found no good evidence for gender differences in the structure of the questionnaire answers, indicating that the SELSA can be used to further illuminate the implications of loneliness for men and women.
Forår i studiet af arabiske medier
Authors: Skovgaard-Petersen Jakob 
Published: December 2018

Although dating back to the late 19th century, research in Arab media has been weak and marginal until the 1990s. Around that time, the deregulation and privatization of media, and the rise of pan-Arab satellite TV, had led to a dramatic increase in the quality and impact of the Arab media, locally, regionally and gradually even globally. Scholarship has taken up a number of themes – big and small media; local and regional public; Saudization; translocal Islamic identity; TV-dramas as social comment, blogs – that were clearly visible in this new, invigorated media environment. Along with these themes, there has been an ongoing discussion about the democratic potential of the new, competitive media, and the events of 2011 will be seen as a con rma- tion of their political impact. is again raises questions as to the changes in Arab media that the political transformations will bring about.
Theoretical framework for analysing green web applications
Authors: Scheele Christian Elling 
Published: December 2018

This paper evaluates the appeal of four Danish green web applications. e purpose of the web application is to incentivise behavioural changes aimed at securing a long term sustainable climate by reducing CO2- emissions. e applications are placed in a theoretical framework. is framework shows the dialectical rela- tionship between hardware, software, practice, and discourse. e empirical basis excludes the hardware level. e web applications constitute the software level. Practice is in this case understood in a neo-institutional perspective. e discursive level is the Danish political consensus regarding the need for action in regard to CO2-emissions. e purpose of the evaluation of the appeal of each web application is to test the following hypothesis: A green web application’s appeal bene ts from employing multiple potentially opposed incentives. After establishing the theoretical framework each web application will be analysed according to a template of pa- rameters. e comparative analysis shows how the individual neo-institutional mechanics operates di erently in each application. Each “institution” plays its own role in regard to applications, however it will be argued that an application could bene t from containing elements from all the institutions – both in regard to their appeal and with respect to their key functionality: incentivising behavioural changes.
Madborgerskab? Når videnskab møder hverdagspraksis
Authors: Halkier Bente 
Published: December 2018

Food is an ordinary practice in everyday life. At the same time, food practices become politicised through at- tempts to regulate food related collective problems such as health, risk and climate by way of encouraging self- disciplining and normative regulation of everyday habits among citizens. Such regulatory technologies cover medialised change communication, and in the food eld, such communication often builds upon scienti c knowledge and arguments. us, when citizens relate to such communication, links between complicated scienti c knowledges and everyday translations are produced. Building on a practice theoretical approach, the article shows three empirically based ways in which Danish citizens handle scienti cally based change communication on food in their daily lives: Empowerment, resistance towards disciplining, and do-ability. e typology demonstrates that citizenship in the scienti cally based politicised food eld – „food-izenship“ – is more varied and compound than presumed in the existing approaches to change communication and the Public Understanding of Science literature.
After Governance: A Normative Re ection on Civil Society Participation in Policy Processes
Authors: Kutay Acar 
Published: December 2018

This paper discusses the normative implications of a political vision that aims to integrate civil society into new governance mechanisms, pragmatic governance in particular, by virtue of the funding of civil society organisations. is vision has led to a marked increase in both funding for civil society and in the assignment of governance tasks to civil society organisations that are normally performed by the public sector. However, some of the crucial aspects of these normative, ontological perspectives are either counter-factual or limited by at least two major factors: 1) the prevailing technocratic style of policy making used in pragmatic govern- ance, and 2) the proliferation of managerialism, i.e. the idea that any kind of social organisation must be administered by managers and that the public and civil society sectors should use of corporate/business sector professional management techniques and tools. Both pragmatic governance and managerialism a ect, and re-de ne, the traditional conception of civil society as autonomous, authentic, voluntary organisations that act as a check and balance on the excessive use of power by the state.
Prioritering, profilering og politisk orientering. Engagement og aktivisme i dansk udviklings- og bistandspolitik 1962-2015
Authors: Olesen Thorsten Borring 
Published: December 2018

Since the late 1970s Denmark has persistently belonged to the small group of states honouring the UN goal for rich countries to donate at least 0,7 per cent of GNP yearly in o cial development aid. is approach has allowed Denmark to pursue an activist policy both multilaterally within international development institutions such as the World Bank, DAC, UNDP, etc. and bilaterally in relation to development countries where Danida, the central Danish aid organization, has been active. Development aid activism and inter- nationalism reached a zenith in the decade after the fall of the Berlin wall when Danish ODA passed the 1 per cent threshold and when the aid component under the heading of „active multilateralism“ was sought integrated into all dimensions of Danish foreign policy. is trend was reversed in the period after 2001 when the Liberal Fogh Rasmussen government took o ce backed by the development aid sceptics in the Danish People’s Party. Critics even maintain that Danish development has seen change resembling a paradigm shift in the post-2001 period. e problem, however, is complex and therefore, on the basis of an analysis of the prioritizing, the orientation and the international pro ling of Danish development aid, this article seeks to disentangle and discuss continuities and break in the role of development aid in Danish foreign policy since the adoption of the rst Danish development aid law in 1962.
Kommunalreformen og kommunernes interne organisering og styring
Authors: Ibsen Marius 
Published: December 2018

When local government in Denmark was reformed almost 10 years ago, the political and administrative organization was left unchanged. By law Danish municipalities must have a committee form of government, but each municipality is free to organize its administration as it sees fit. This had led to a great deal of diversity in the way the municipal administration is organized but also to a wave of locally directed reform. One of the themes of these reforms has been the organization of top management. Should each department be run more or less on its own, subject to coordination, or should there be a top management team collectively responsible for the whole enterprise. The article describes the variation in administrative organization and makes an attempt to analyze the effects of the various forms of top management organization with respect to economic results. The conclusion is that having a top management team leads to a bigger surplus, confirming an often-stated assumption. It is shown that municipalities that were reformed in 2007 are slightly more likely to have a top management team than the non-reformed municipalities. So it seems that the reform contributed to organizational change, although that was not the official intention.
Lige for lige? Kønssegregering i Folketingsudvalg og i ledelsen af det private erhvervsliv
Authors: Fiig Christina , Verner Mette 
Published: December 2018

In this article, we describe and discuss the vertical and horizontal gender segregation in the elites of Danish Parliamentary politics and private business. Our new data on the gender distribution on corporate boards of publicly traded firms show how women are absent among board chairs and CEOs and illustrates the low representation of women among board members. Among members of Parliamentary committees a more equal gender representation is found, however, there is a clear tendency toward a vertical and a horizontal segregation. Our findings show that women MPs are less represented in certain Parliamentary committees on foreign affairs, economy, finance, tax and transportation. This distribution mirrors other country studies on Parliamentary committees. We propose two hypotheses in order to explain our explorative study: a thesis on a gender bias of certain policy areas and a hypothesis on the significance of the ‘public eye’. Concerning the latter, our results illustrate how institutions subject to ‘the public eye’ have more balanced gender compositions than institutions with less public attention, like corporate boards.
Evidensdagsordenens metamorfoser i dansk socialpolitik
Authors: Møller Anne Mette 
Published: December 2018

For almost two decades, the idea of evidence-based practice has influenced debates about the development of social services. Applying theoretical concepts from Scandinavian institutionalism, the article views evidence-based practice as a loosely coupled stream of ideas, which are continuously theorized and translated by heterogeneous organizational actors. Based on qualitative interviews with 10 political elite actors, who have all participated in the policy debate and had the opportunity to influence developments during the past 10 years, the analysis traces how these actors’ theorizations of evidence-based practice have developed over time, how they explain developments, and what characterizes their current theorizations. Two currently predominating theorizations are identified: One emphasizes the crucial challenge of advancing practitioners’ skills and building reflective organizations, while the other focuses on the production of evidence in relation to data-driven management. Both theorizations involve a shift in focus from global to local evidence production, while the ideal of the autonomous ‘evidence-based practitioner’, which characterized the original “Evidence-Based Medicine”-movement, is largely absent.
Atividade física e indicadores de saúde em pessoas vivendo com HIV/aids
Authors: Cordeiro Hygor , Kitagawa Lidyane Midori , Máximo Milena Arantes , Dias Douglas Fernando , Guariglia Débora Alves 
Published: December 2018

Introdução: O estilo de vida ativo pode contribuir de forma expressiva em pessoas vivendo com HIV/aids auxiliando na melhoria das capacidades físicas e combate aos efeitos adversos da medicação. Objetivo: Analisar a associação entre atividade física e fatores sociodemográficos e de saúde em pessoas vivendo com HIV/aids do município de Ourinhos-SP. Métodos: Foram entrevistados pacientes em tratamento no Serviço de Atendimento Especializado em Doenças Infecciosas (SAEDI). A atividade física habitual e seus domínios foram avaliados mediante o questionário de Baecke, além disso, os prontuários dos pacientes foram acessados para coleta de dados adicionais de saúde. Resultados: Como principais resultados, observou-se baixos níveis de atividade física de lazer na população investigada (21,0%). Modelos de regressão de Poisson ajustados por fatores de confundimento identificaram associação entre atividade física ocupacional e maior classe social (RP: 3,32; IC95%: 1,34-8,25); atividades físicas de lazer e locomoção e maior pressão arterial diastólica (PAD) (RP: 3,17; IC95%: 1,43-7,07); atividade física habitual e tempo de diagnóstico superior a 150 meses (RP: 3,18; IC95%: 1,16-8,72) e maior prevalência de exercícios físicos no lazer associou-se a maior classe social (RP: 2,86; IC95%: 1,11-7,36). Conclusão: Pessoas vivendo com HIV/aids em tratamento na região de Ourinhos apresentam baixos níveis de atividade física. Além disso, classe social, tempo de diagnóstico e PAD apresentaram relações com atividade física.
Technology-Based Professional Development: The Case of Elementary School Teachers in Belgrade
Authors: Joksimović Mirjana , Robertson Ashlee , Đokić Borivoje , Dražeta Lazar 
Published: December 2018

Research question: This paper investigated the correlation between the perceptions of strategies that affect professional development and the obstacles to successful implementation of technology-based professional development. Motivation: The research sought to determine elements that make professional development effective in the eyes of teachers, so that they may be more apt to use what they learn in classroom practice. The concept draws upon the TPACK framework while discussion and recommendations draw upon the UTAUT stages that teachers pass through when faced with new innovations. This study looks at the variables of a) time spent teaching, b) level of education, c) knowledge/use of computers, d) class preparation, and e) technology seminars of survey participants, to determine what demographical characteristics may have an impact on certain belief patterns surrounding professional development and technology use. Idea: The idea of this study is to look at the effectiveness of professional development to integrate technology into classroom practice and to allow for recommendations for improved technology-based professional development. Data: Data collected from a paper-based survey was completed by elementary school teachers in the school district of the city
NSC‐34 motor neuron‐like cells are sensitized to ferroptosis upon differentiation
Authors: Martinez Alejandra M. , Mirkovic Jovan , Stanisz Zofia A. , Patwari Fahmida S. , Yang Wan Seok 
Published: December 2018

Ferroptosis is a form of regulated cell death that is driven by lethal accumulation of lipid peroxides upon inhibition of glutathione peroxidase 4 (GPx4). Deletion of the Gpx4 gene in mice revealed that neurons are sensitive to ferroptosis in vivo. However, few studies have been conducted on ferroptosis regulation in neurons. Here, we report that cells of a motor neuron‐like cell line, NSC‐34, became more sensitive to ferroptosis upon differentiation into a more motor neuron‐like condition. We identified three factors that influence ferroptosis sensitivity under differentiation conditions: low serum antioxidants, decreased GPx4 protein amount, and inhibition of the transsulfuration pathway. Our results support the hypothesis that neurons, especially motor neurons, are sensitive to ferroptosis, and suggest that ferroptosis in a neuronal context should be investigated further to develop strategies for neuroprotection.
Metallic Porous Iron Nitride and Tantalum Nitride Single Crystals with Enhanced Electrocatalysis Performance
Authors: Zhang Feiyan , Xi Shaobo , Lin Guoming , Hu Xiuli , Lou Xiong Wen (David) , Xie Kui 
Published: December 2018

AbstractAltering a material's catalytic properties would require identifying structural features that deliver electrochemically active surfaces. Single‐crystalline porous materials, combining the advantages of long‐range ordering of bulk crystals and large surface areas of porous materials, would create sufficient active surfaces by stabilizing 2D active moieties confined in lattice and may provide an alternative way to create high‐energy surfaces for electrocatalysis that are kinetically trapped. Here, a radical concept of building active metal–nitrogen moieties with unsaturated nitrogen coordination on a porous surface by directly growing metallic porous metal nitride (Fe3N and Ta5N6) single crystals at unprecedented 2 cm scale is reported. These porous single crystals demonstrate exceptionally high conductivity of 0.1–1.0 × 105 S cm−1, while the atomic surface layers of the porous crystals are confirmed to be an Fe termination layer for Fe3N and a Ta termination layer for Ta5N6. The unsaturated metal–nitrogen moieties (Fe6–N and Ta5–N3) with unique electronic structures demonstrate enhanced electrocatalysis performance and durability.
Molecularly Mixed Composite Membranes for Advanced Separation Processes
Authors: Zhu Guanghui , Zhang Fengyi , Rivera Matthew P. , Hu Xunxiang , Zhang Guoyan , Jones Christopher W. , Lively Ryan P. 
Published: December 2018

AbstractPorous organic cages (POCs) are individual soluble, porous molecules. When fabricated into mixed‐matrix membranes (MMMs), the soluble POC molecules have the potential to exhibit intimate molecular‐level mixing with the polymer matrix. POCs have only recently been incorporated into mixed matrix membrane materials, but this process has not yet resulted in significant improvements of membrane performance. Now, vertex‐functionalized amorphous scrambled porous organic cages (ASPOCs) have been utilized as membrane performance enhancers and the amorphous ASPOC mixtures are observed to distribute throughout the matrix without any indication of particle formation or agglomeration, creating unique, molecularly mixed composite membranes. Overall, the molecularly mixed composite membrane provide significant increases in both membrane permeability and selectivity, offering new avenues for creation of membranes with unique properties in industrially relevant separations.
Remarkable Oxygen‐Evolution Activity of a Perovskite Oxide from the Ca2−xSrxFe2O6−δ Series
Authors: Hona Ram Krishna , Ramezanipour Farshid 
Published: December 2018

AbstractHerein in we report the unprecedented catalytic activity of an iron‐based oxygen‐deficient perovskite for the oxygen‐evolution reaction (OER). The systematic trends in OER activity as a function of composition, defect‐order, and electrical conductivity have been demonstrated, leading to a methodical increase in OER catalytic activity: Ca2Fe2O6−δ<CaSrFe2O6−δ<Sr2Fe2O6−δ. Sr2Fe2O6−δ also has the highest electrical conductivity and a unique type of defect‐order. In conventional experiments using glassy carbon electrode, Sr2Fe2O6−δ shows better OER activity than the current state of the art catalysts, Ba0.5Sr0.5Co0.8Fe0.2O3−δ and RuO2. It also offers a high intrinsic electrical conductivity, which allows it to act as a catalyst without the need for glassy carbon electrode or carbon powder. Pure disks of this material exhibit an outstanding activity for OER, without any additives or need for electrode preparation.
Two‐in‐One Strategy for Palladium‐Catalyzed C−H Functionalization in Water
Authors: Zeng Huiying , Wang Zemin , Li Chao‐Jun 
Published: December 2018

AbstractTransition metal catalyzed C−H functionalizations have been developed as powerful methods for C−C bond formations. Directing groups, removable directing groups, traceless directing groups, and transient directing groups (TDGs) have been successfully used to improve the reaction efficiencies. For the development of greener and more sustainable methods, C−H functionalization using a TDG that also serves as a reagent in aqueous solvent was investigated. The palladium‐catalyzed C−H functionalization of tryptamine derivatives using ketones in water successfully generated tetrahydro‐β‐carbolines with a quaternary carbon center at C1. Deuterium‐labeling experiments are discussed to provide insight into the mechanism. The C2‐position of pyridine was also successfully functionalized by this strategy.
Directed Evolution of a Designer Enzyme Featuring an Unnatural Catalytic Amino Acid
Authors: Mayer Clemens , Dulson Christopher , Reddem Eswar , Thunnissen Andy‐Mark W. H. , Roelfes Gerard 
Published: December 2018

AbstractThe impressive rate accelerations that enzymes display in nature often result from boosting the inherent catalytic activities of side chains by their precise positioning inside a protein binding pocket. Such fine‐tuning is also possible for catalytic unnatural amino acids. Specifically, the directed evolution of a recently described designer enzyme, which utilizes an aniline side chain to promote a model hydrazone formation reaction, is reported. Consecutive rounds of directed evolution identified several mutations in the promiscuous binding pocket, in which the unnatural amino acid is embedded in the starting catalyst. When combined, these mutations boost the turnover frequency (kcat) of the designer enzyme by almost 100‐fold. This results from strengthening the catalytic contribution of the unnatural amino acid, as the engineered designer enzymes outperform variants, in which the aniline side chain is replaced with a catalytically inactive tyrosine residue, by more than 200‐fold.
Synthesis and Reactivity of α‐Cumyl Bromodifluoromethanesulfenate: Application to the Radiosynthesis of [18F]ArylSCF3
Authors: Wu Jiang , Zhao Qunchao , Wilson Thomas C. , Verhoog Stefan , Lu Long , Gouverneur Véronique , Shen Qilong 
Published: December 2018

AbstractA highly reactive electrophilic bromodifluoromethylthiolating reagent, α‐cumyl bromodifluoro‐methanesulfenate 1, was prepared to allow for direct bromodifluoromethylthiolation of aryl boron reagents. This coupling reaction takes place under copper catalysis, and affords a large range of bromodifluoromethylthiolated arenes. These compounds are amenable to various transformations including halogen exchange with [18F]KF/K222 , a process giving access to [18F]arylSCF3 in two steps from the corresponding aryl boronic pinacol esters.
Stabilizing Lithium into Cross‐Stacked Nanotube Sheets with an Ultra‐High Specific Capacity for Lithium Oxygen Batteries
Authors: Ye Lei , Liao Meng , Sun Hao , Yang Yifan , Tang Chengqiang , Zhao Yang , Wang Lie , Xu Yifan , Zhang Lijian , Wang Bingjie , Xu Fan , Sun Xuemei , Zhang Ye , Dai Hongjie , Bruce Peter G. , Peng Huisheng 
Published: December 2018

AbstractAlthough lithium–oxygen batteries possess a high theoretical energy density and are considered as promising candidates for next‐generation power systems, the enhancement of safety and cycling efficiency of the lithium anodes while maintaining the high energy storage capability remains difficult. Here, we overcome this challenge by cross‐stacking aligned carbon nanotubes into porous networks for ultrahigh‐capacity lithium anodes to achieve high‐performance lithium–oxygen batteries. The novel anode shows a reversible specific capacity of 3656 mAh g−1, approaching the theoretical capacity of 3861 mAh g−1 of pure lithium. When this anode is employed in lithium–oxygen full batteries, the cycling stability is significantly enhanced, owing to the dendrite‐free morphology and stabilized solid–electrolyte interface. This work presents a new pathway to high performance lithium–oxygen batteries towards practical applications by designing cross‐stacked and aligned structures for one‐dimensional conducting nanomaterials.