bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The study of light invisible particles in Bc decays
Authors: Li Geng , Wang Tianhong , Jiang Yue , Tan Xiao-Ze , Wang Guo-Li 
Published: March 2019

Abstract

In this paper, we study the light scalar and pseudoscalar invisible particles in the flavor changing neutral current processes of the B

c
meson. Effective operators are introduced to describe the couplings between quarks and light invisible particles. The Wilson coefficients are extracted from the experimental results of the B and D mesons, which are used to predict the upper limits of the branching fractions of the similar decay processes for the B
c meson. The hadronic transition matrix element is calculated with the instantaneously approximated Bethe-Salpeter method. The upper limits of the branching fractions when m

χ
taking different values are presented. It is found that at some region of m

χ
, the channel B

c
→ D

s

(*)
χχ has the largest upper limit which is of the order of 10−6, and for B

c
→ D

s

*
χχ
†, the largest value of the upper limits can achieve the order of 10−5. Other decay modes, such as B

c
→ D
(*)
χχ
(†) and B

c
→ B
(*)
χχ
(†), are also considered.
Are emergency medical services offload delay patients at increased risk of adverse outcomes?
Authors: Stewart Dana , Lang Eddy , Wang Dongmei , Innes Grant 
Published: March 2019

ABSTRACTObjectiveEmergency department (ED) and hospital overcrowding cause offload delays that remove emergency medical services (EMS) crews from service and compromise care delivery. Prolonged ED boarding and delays to inpatient care are associated with increased hospital length of stay (LOS) and patient mortality, but the effects of EMS offload delays have not been well studied.MethodsWe used administrative data to study all high-acuity Canadian Triage Acuity Scale 2–3 EMS arrivals to Calgary adult EDs from July 2013 to June 2016. Patients offloaded to a care space within 15 minutes were considered controls, whereas those delayed ≥ 60 minutes were considered “delayed.” Propensity matching was used to create comparable control and delayed cohorts. The primary outcome was 7-day mortality. Secondary outcomes included hospital LOS and 30-day mortality.ResultsOf 162,002 high-acuity arrivals, 70,711 had offload delays <15 minutes and 41,032 had delays > 60 minutes. Delayed patients were more likely to be female, older, to have lower triage acuity, to live in dependent living situations, and to arrive on weekdays and day or evening hours. Delayed patients less often required admission and, when admitted, were more likely to go to the hospitalist service. Main outcomes were similar for propensity-matched control and delayed cohorts, although delayed patients experienced longer ED LOS and slightly lower 7-day mortality rates.ConclusionIn this setting, high-acuity EMS arrivals exposed to offload delays did not have prolonged hospital LOS or higher mortality than comparable patients who received timely access.
Unacceptable grammars? an eye-tracking study of English negative concord
Authors: BLANCHETTE FRANCES , LUKYANENKO CYNTHIA 
Published: March 2019

abstractThis paper uses eye-tracking while reading to examine Standard English speakers’ processing of sentences with two syntactic negations: a negative auxiliary and either a negative subject (e.g.,Nothing didn’t fall from the shelf) or a negative object (e.g.,She didn’t answer nothing in that interview). Sentences were read in Double Negation (DN; the ‘she answered something’ reading ofshe didn’t answer nothing) and Negative Concord (NC; the ‘she answered nothing’ reading ofshe didn’t answer nothing) biasing contexts. Despite the social stigma associated with NC, and linguistic assumptions that Standard English has a DN grammar, in which each syntactic negation necessarily contributes a semantic negation, our results show that Standard English speakers generate both NC and DN interpretations, and that their interpretation is affected by the syntactic structure of the negative sentence. Participants spent more time reading the critical sentence and rereading the context sentence when negative object sentences were paired with DN-biasing contexts and when negative subject sentences were paired with NC-biasing contexts. This suggests that, despite not producing NC, they find NC interpretations of negative object sentences easier to generate than DN interpretations. The results illustrate the utility of online measures when investigating socially stigmatized construction types.
Outcrop analysis and facies model of an Upper Permian tidally influenced fluvio-deltaic system: Northern Sydney Basin, SE Australia
Authors: Breckenridge Jake , Maravelis Angelos G. , Catuneanu Octavian , Ruming Kevin , Holmes Erin , Collins William J. 
Published: March 2019

AbstractAn integrated study of sedimentological, sequence-stratigraphic and palaeodispersal analysis was applied to the Upper-Permian clastic sedimentary succession in the Northern Sydney Basin, Australia. The succession is subdivided into fifteen facies and three facies associations. The facies associations are further subdivided into eight sub-facies associations. The sedimentary evolution involves progradation from delta-front to delta-plain to fluvial depositional environments, with a significant increase in sediment grain size across the unconformable contact that separates the deltaic from the overlying fluvial system. In contrast to the delta front that is wave/storm- and/or river-influenced, the delta plain is significantly affected by tides, with the impact of tidal currents decreasing up-sequence in the delta plain. The general lack of wave-influenced sedimentary structures suggests low wave energy in the delta plain. The abrupt termination of the tidal impact in the fluvial realm relates to the steep topographic gradients and high sediment supply, which accompanied the uplift of the New England Orogen. The sequence-stratigraphic framework includes highstand (deltaic forest and topset) and lowstand (fluvial topset) systems tracts, separated by a subaerial unconformity. In contrast to most of the mud-rich modern counterparts, this is an example of a sand-rich tidally influenced deltaic system, developed adjacent to the source region. This investigation presents a depositional model for tidal successions in regions of tectonic uplift and confinement.
Cryogenic setup for MJ class laser targets
Authors: Rybakov A. S. , Demikhov E. I. , Kostrov E. A. , Litvin V. S. , Sobolevsky N. M. , Latysheva L. N. , Borisenko N. G. 
Published: March 2019

AbstractThe cryogenic system for maintaining a target at a constant temperature in the range 5–25 K after shutting off the pulse tube (PT) cryogenic refrigerator is developed and tested. The temperature stability at the sample is ±2 mK for at least 20 hours. The cryogenic setup consists of cryostat, PT cryocooler, liquid helium vessel, helium gas supply, thermo-radiation shield, thermal resistance. The system provides 0.25 W of cooling power at the target. The appropriate thermal resistance should be used for different temperatures. The designed operation mode is 3 minutes off and 15 minutes on. The deactivation of PT cryocooler allows to achieve the target position stability of 1 micrometer or less during the X-ray characterization. The effect of neutron-shield was estimated using Monte-Carlo simulation.
Evolutionary Algorithms-Based Multi-Objective Optimal Mobile Robot Trajectory Planning
Authors: Sathiya V. , Chinnadurai M. 
Published: March 2019

SummaryIn this research study, trajectory planning of mobile robot is accomplished using two techniques, namely, a new variant of multi-objective differential evolution (heterogeneous multi-objective differential evolution) and popular elitist non-dominated sorting genetic algorithm (NSGA-II). For this research problem, a wheeled mobile robot with differential drive is considered. A practical, feasible and optimal trajectory between two locations in the presence of obstacles is determined through the proposed algorithms. A safer path is obtained by optimizing certain objectives (travel time and actuators effort) taking into account the limitations of mobile robot’s geometric, kinematic and dynamic parameters. Robot motion is represented by a cubic NURBS trajectory curve. The capability of the proposed optimization techniques is analyzed through numerical simulations. Results ensure that the proposed techniques are more desirable for this problem.
A PARTICULAR BIDIMENSIONAL TIME-DEPENDENT RENEWAL RISK MODEL WITH CONSTANT INTEREST RATES
Authors: Fu Ke-Ang , Ni Chang , Chen Hao 
Published: March 2019

AbstractConsider a particular bidimensional risk model, in which two insurance companies divide between them in different proportions both the premium income and the aggregate claims. In practice, it can be interpreted as an insurer–reinsurer scenario, where the reinsurer takes over a proportion of the insurer's losses. Under the assumption that the claim sizes and inter-arrival times form a sequence of independent and identically distributed random pairs, with each pair obeying a dependence structure, an asymptotic expression for the ruin probability of this bidimensional risk model with constant interest rates is established.
Law Libraries and Legal Documentation in the Philippines
Authors: Feliciano Myrna S. 
Published: March 2019

The Philippines, an archipelago of 7,107 islands, (about 2,000 of which are inhabited) with a land area of 115,600 square miles, has a population of 42 million. Some 87 major dialects are spoken all over the islands. English and Filipino are the official languages with English as the medium of instruction in higher education. According to the latest census, the literacy rate is 83.4 per cent. Agriculture constitutes the largest single sector of the economy. The Philippines has a total labor force of 14.2 million.Filipino culture is a blend of East and West, although foundationally and originally Malay. Its Eastern heritage – the result of centuries of interaction with neighboring countries of Asia – is a synthesis of three mainstreams: the Malay, Chinese and Hindu. Its Western cultural traits are the result of her colonization by two Western powers: Spain and the United States.
How to use the Primary Source Material of the European Communities (EC)
Authors: Heydt Volker 
Published: March 2019

Publications of the EC ought to be published by the Office for Official Publications of the EC (henceforth cited as “Office”) in Luxembourg. However, the five institutions which are jointly responsible for the Office (European Parliament, Council, Commission, Court of Justice, Economic and Social Committee) also publish documents and papers themselves. Moreover, a clearly defined publication policy does not exist neither in the Office nor in the institutions. These two factors, the variety of publishers and the lack of concept, make it particularly difficult to know what has been published in the EC, all the more for persons from non-member countries. The “Catalogue of the publications of the European Communities Institutions 1972–1973” (476 pages) does not provide complete information on the publications, although this catalogue is, of course, helpful. The enormous bulk of paper issued by the EC is partly for sale, partly for distribution free of charge, only a part of the documents are printed, others are duplicated typescripts; a lot of paper is brought out for the information of the general public, whereas legal and scientific texts are only of interest for a smaller number of persons. For a librarian in charge of getting adequate information on the EC, I should like to propose the acquisition of the following minimum set of EC publications:Primary legislation (foundation treaties),Official Journal (L and C),Official Journal– Annex (Debates of the European Parliament),Working documents of the European Parliament,Reports of Cases before the Court,General Reports on the Activities of the EC,Bulletin of the EC and Supplement thereto.
Planning Law Libraries for the 1980's
Authors: Mudin Deborah 
Published: March 2019

An outline is given of the various types of law libraries in Australia, a survey of law publications, a review of law library technology, and a brief survey of overseas legal developments which may influence trends in relation to collections, technical innovations and information retrieval in Australia.Before considering the possible state of law and law library technology in the 1980's, I want to mention briefly some of the trends to be seen in Australia today in legal literature and the organization of legal institutions.
Comments on Foreign Law Surveys
Authors: Sprudzs Adolf 
Published: March 2019

Surveys and comparisons are always very difficult, if not impossible, when the same criteria cannot be applied to all objects of the survey.The surveys undertaken by Kurt Schwerin in 1960 and Igor Kavass in 1972 belong to this category of nearly impossible tasks and their results should therefore not be considered as the “absolute” or “pure truth”. Why? Basically, because they attempt to measure and compare collections in libraries which have different rules, policies and practices of classifying and handling them.
The Convention on the Rights of the Child from a Swedish Perspective
Authors: Pennegård Ann Marie , Franzén Anne 
Published: March 2019

A little more than seventy years ago a pioneer for children's rights in England, displayed pictures of starving children in other parts of Europe damaged by the war. She was arrested for obscenity. However, people rallied to her support and an international movement for children's rights began to take shape.This new movement drafted the Declaration on the Rights of the Child which was adopted by the Assembly of the League of Nations in 1924. The first step towards international norms for the protection of children had been taken. The declaration only contained five principles of which the most important said that children should be the first to receive aid in case of an emergency situation.
Content and Quality of Legal Information and Data on the Internet with a Special Focus on the United States
Authors: Germain Claire M. 
Published: March 2019

SummaryIn the United States today, digital versions of current decisions, bills, statutes, and regulations issued by federal and state governments are widely available on publicly accessible Web sites. Worldwide, official (defined as “authoritative,” or “the official” word of the law) legal information issued by international organizations and foreign governments is also becoming available on the Web. However, there are currently no standards for the production and authentication of digital documents. Moreover, the information is sometimes available only for a short time and then disappears from the site. No guidelines exist either to promote a uniform way to cite to digital legal materials.This article examines the contents of legal data and information on the Internet, with a special focus on the United States. It then evaluates the quality of the data, its impact on legal research and access to legal information, and addresses some issues raised by the digital medium, such as its reliability and permanent access concerns.
Competition Rules in the European Economic Area
Authors: Nozari Fariborz 
Published: March 2019

On October 22, 1991, after exhaustive negotiations between the European Community (EC) and the Member States of the European Free Trade Association (EFTA) an agreement on the formation of the European Economic Area (EEA) was reached. Hence, the foundation was laid for an economic and social unit embracing 19 countries and about 380 million people, forming the world's largest economic bloc and a regional single market responsible for ca.40 percent of the world trade.The Agreement consists of a preamble and nine parts covering the objectives and principles, the four freedoms of movements of goods, persons, service and capital, provisions on competition and other common rules, horizontal policies relevant to the four freedoms, cooperation outside the four freedoms, institutional provisions, funding, and final provisions.
Recent Legal Developments in the Nordic Countries: A Selected Bibliography of Works Written in English, German, French, and Italian, 1982-1992
Authors: Haider Inger Eriksson 
Published: March 2019

The purpose of this bibliography is to give the non-Scandinavian language speaker an opportunity to follow the legal developments within the last decade in Denmark, Finland, Iceland, Norway and Sweden. The bibliography does not claim to be comprehensive, but it reflects what has been received at the Swiss Institute of Comparative Law during the last ten years or thereabouts.The compilation includes books, essays, reports and articles published between 1982 and 1992. Excluded are chapters in basic comparative legal treatises, encyclopedias and looseleaf works.
De regulatie van de hypothalamus-hypofyse-bijnier-as in de pathogenese van depressieve stoornissen
Authors: Goekoop J.G. 
Published: March 2019

SamenvattingDe dexamethason-corticotrofin-releasing-hormoon (DEX-CRH)-test is de meest gevoelige test voor veranderingen in de regulatie van de hypothalamus-hypofyse-bijnier-as bij stemmingsstoornissen. Zowel in de premorbide toestand als tijdens de acute episoden van stemmingsstoornissen komt onder deze conditie een verhoogde cortisolreactie voor. Een irreversibele lage GAHA-concentratie kan aan dit regulatietekort een bijdrage leveren. Verhoogde noradrenerge en vasopressinerge activiteiten kunnen in de overgang naar hogere DEX-CRH-reacties tijdens de acute episode een rol spelen. De dexamethason-suppressie-test verschilt van de DEX-CRH-test door de afwezigheid van een externe CRH-belasting en ‘early escape’ in deze test is op specifieke wijze geassocieerd met het melancholische subsyndroom. Dit suggereert dat een endogeen verhoogde CRH-activiteit bij de overgang naar deze subcategorie is betrokken. Verhoogde CRH-activiteit is aangetoond en toenames van noradrenerge activiteit en 5-HT2a-receptoren en afnames van glucocorticoïd-receptor-functie, tryptofaan-concentratie en serotonine-afgifte kunnen een bijdrage leveren. De uiteindelijk resulterende hoge cortisol-concentraties lijken de ontwikkeling te kunnen bevorderen van een resttoestand met ‘early escape’ na herstel.
Lipiden en Psychiatrie Denk aan het lipofiele karakter van psychofarmaca
Authors: Deimann L.G.J. 
Published: March 2019

De relatie tussen lipiden en psychiatrie heeft in het laatste decennium ruim aandacht gekregen, in dit tijdschrift door een bijdrage van Duits en Van Tilburg.In vrijwel alle publicaties wordt echter voorbijgegaan aan:▪de mogelijke rol van eventuele psychofarmaca;▪het lipofiele karakter van bijna al deze middelen;▪hun daardoor vanzelfsprekende interacties met de lipiden.Juist hiervoor vraagt deze beschouwing aandacht.
Meaning of work and personal protective factors among palliative care professionals
Authors: Moreno-Milan Beatriz , Cano-Vindel Antonio , Lopez-Dóriga Pedro , Medrano Leonardo Adrián , Breitbart William 
Published: March 2019

AbstractObjectiveHealthcare professionals who work in palliative care units face stressful life events on a daily basis, most notably death. For this reason, these professionals must be equipped with the necessary protective resources to help them cope with professional and personal burnout. Despite the well-recognized importance of the construct “meaning of work,” the role of this construct and its relationship with other variables is not well-understood. Our objective is to develop and evaluate a model that examines the mediating role of the meaning of work in a multidisciplinary group of palliative care professionals. Using this model, we sought to assess the relationships between meaning of work, perceived stress, personal protective factors (optimism, self-esteem, life satisfaction, personal growth, subjective vitality), and sociodemographic variables.MethodProfessionals (n = 189) from a wide range of disciplines (physicians, psychologists, nurses, social workers, nursing assistants, physical therapists, and chaplains) working in palliative care units at hospitals in Madrid and the Balearic Islands were recruited. Sociodemographic variables were collected and recorded. The following questionnaires were administered: Meaning of Work Questionnaire, Perceived Stress Questionnaire, Life Orientation Test-Revised, Satisfaction with Life Scale, Subjective Vitality Scale, Rosenberg Self-Esteem Scale, and the Personal Growth Scale.ResultThe explanatory value of the model was high, explaining 49.5% of the variance of life satisfaction, 43% of subjective vitality, and 36% of personal growth. The main findings of this study were as follow: (1) meaning of work and perceived stress were negatively correlated; (2) optimism and self-esteem mediated the effect of stress on the meaning attached to work among palliative care professionals; (3) the meaning of work mediated the effect of stress on subjective vitality, personal growth, and life satisfaction; and (4) vitality and personal growth directly influenced life satisfaction.Significance of resultsThe proposed model showed a high explanatory value for the meaning professionals give to their work and also for perceived stress, personal protective factors, and sociodemographic variables. Our findings could have highly relevant practical implications for designing programs to promote the psychological well-being of healthcare professionals.
Effects of intrauterine growth restriction and postnatal nutrition on pediatric asthma in Bangladesh
Authors: Nozawa Y. , Hawlader M. D. H. , Ferdous F. , Raqib R. , Tofail F. , Ekström E.-C. , Wagatsuma Y. 
Published: March 2019

AbstractNumerous studies have investigated the risk of developing asthma due to early-life experiences and environmental exposures. However, the influence of intrauterine growth restriction and postnatal undernutrition on childhood wheezing/asthma remains unclear. Thus, we examined the effects of both small for gestational age (SGA) and postnatal stunted growth on ever asthma among children in the rural areas in Bangladesh.Multiple follow-up studies were conducted in a cohort of randomized clinical trial of nutrition interventions during pregnancy (the MINIMat trial). Overall, 1208 and 1697 children were followed-up for asthma at 4.5 and 10 years, respectively. Anthropometric measurements were obtained at various intervals from birth to 10 years of age. Ever asthma was identified using the International Study of Asthma and Allergies in Childhood (ISAAC) questionnaire.Results showed that SGA was significantly associated with increased risk of ever asthma at 4.5 and 10 years after adjusting for sex, body mass index, socioeconomic status, family history of asthma, gestational age at birth, mother’s parity, mother’s age at birth and intervention trial arm [odds ratio (OR)=1.97 (95% confidence interval (CI): 1.34–2.90) and 1.86 (95% CI: 1.18–2.72)]. For the postnatal effect of undernutrition, stunting at 1 and 2 years was significantly associated with ever asthma at 4.5 and 10 years [1 year: OR=1.77 (95% CI: 1.22–2.57) and OR=1.72 (95% CI: 1.16–2.56), 2 years: OR=1.49 (95% CI: 1.06–2.10) and OR=1.41 (95% CI: 1.02–1.96)].In conclusion, SGA and undernutrition during infancy has an influence on childhood asthma among children in Bangladesh, indicating the need for nutritional interventions early in life.