bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Outcome of retroviral screening among patients undergoing ear, nose, throat, head and neck surgery, at the University of Benin Teaching Hospital, Nigeria
Authors: Adobamen Paul R. O. C. , Ediale Johnson 
Published: June 2018

<p class="abstract"><strong>Background:</strong> In Nigeria it has been estimated that 3.6% of the population are living with HIV/AIDS. Patients with different social, family, occupational and epidemiological background present for ear, nose, throat, head and neck (ENTH&amp;N) surgeries in our hospital. The aims of the study were to determine the prevalence of HIV infection among patients for ENTH&amp;N surgeries and to document the ENTH&amp;N conditions that were associated with HIV infection.</p><p class="abstract"><strong>Methods:</strong> This was a prospective study that was carried out in the ENTH&amp;N Surgery department of UBTH, Benin City, Nigeria, between January, 2009 and December, 2010. All patients that were worked up for surgeries were enrolled into the study. Appropriate data were retrieved from the patients who gave informed consent for surgery and had retroviral screening and confirmatory tests by ELISA and Western blot methods respectively. The retroviral status of all the patients and the indications for the surgical procedures done were documented. </p><p class="abstract"><strong>Results:</strong> There were 173 patients; 100 males and 73 females, with a male to female ratio of 1.37:1. Ages ranged from 0.83 years to 72 years, with an average age of 26.82 years. Out of a total of 168 patients screened for HIV infection in this study, 6 patients were retroviral positive. This gives a prevalence of 0.036%. Out of the 6 patients that were retroviral positive, 3 patients had chronic tonsillitis, 1 patient had chronic tonsillitis and otitis media with effusion, while the other 2 patients had submandibular gland and nasopharyngeal tumours respectively.</p><p><strong>Conclusions:</strong> A prevalence of 0.036% of HIV infection was found in patients for ENTH&amp;N surgeries. Chronic tonsillitis was the commonest presentation of HIV infection, equally followed by OME, nasopharyngeal and submandibular gland tumours. </p>
Anatomical variations of maxillary and ethmoid sinus in chronic rhinosinusitis
Authors: Rajeev Karthika , S. Ravishankara , S. Chethana C. , Shenoy Supreetha B. , . Jyoti 
Published: June 2018

<p class="abstract"><strong>Background:</strong> The objectives of the study were to compare the anatomical variants of maxillary and ethmoid sinus in CT PNS and diagnostic nasal endoscopy, to determine the incidence of variations of maxillary and ethmoid sinus and to determine the association of anatomical variations with extent of the disease.</p><p class="abstract"><strong>Methods:</strong> Patients with chronic rhinosinusitis attending the outpatient department of otorhinolaryngology, head and neck surgery (ENT-HNS) of KVG Medical College for a period of 12 months from December 2016 to November 2017. 100 consecutive patients with history of CRS subjected for nasal endoscopy and CT-PNS. </p><p class="abstract"><strong>Results:</strong> The majority of patients were females. Male to female ratio was 1:1.46. Headache and postnasal drip were the main symptoms (76%). Concha bullosa (42.4%) was most common anatomical variation, which was detected in 59(42.4%) patients on CT PNS and DNE. There was statistically significant correlation between right septal deviation and right maxillary sinusitis (p&lt;0.01), left septal deviation and left maxillary sinusitis (p=0.001) and left deviation and left ethmoid sinusitis (p=0.017). We also found correlation between left Haller cells and left ethmoid sinusitis (p=0.003).</p><p><strong>Conclusions:</strong> By using diagnostic nasal endoscopy and CT PNS, anatomic variations can be easily identified and aid as a guide map during functional endoscopic sinus surgeries. </p>
A clinico-radiological study of anatomical variations of nose and para-nasal sinuses in chronic rhinosinusitis patients
Authors: Shankar Daya , Kumar Sunil , Singh H.P. , Verma Veerendra , Mishra Anupam 
Published: June 2018

<p class="abstract"><strong>Background:</strong> There are a lot of<strong> </strong>anatomical variations in para-nasal sinuses that are responsible for various sinus pathologies. CT scan of paranasal sinuses prior to functional endoscopic sinus surgery has become extremely important to know the anatomy and its variations to avoid complications during surgery.</p><p class="abstract"><strong>Methods:</strong> This study was performed in 100 patients at King George’s Medical University, Lucknow UP, India to compare the anatomical variations between nasal endoscopy and CT scan findings. The outcome measures were deviated nasal septum, paradoxical middle turbinate, concha bullosa, medialized/lateralised uncinate process, pneumatized uncinate process, large ethmoid bulla, accessory ostium, Agger nasii cells, Haller’s cells and Onodi cells. </p><p class="abstract"><strong>Results:</strong> In this<strong> </strong>study<strong> </strong>the age of the patients were 30.00±9.56 yrs. with male to female ratio 1.9:1. Deviated nasal septum was the most common anatomical abnormality (70%) followed by large bulla ethmoidalis 17%. Occurrence of different types of special cells were studied which are better visualized on coronal CT scan images. Among these cells Agger nasi was the most common variety (15%) followed by Haller’s cells (11%) and Onodi cell (3%). Concha bullosa was present in 8%.</p><p><strong>Conclusions:</strong> The importance of CT and nasal endoscopy can be seen in patients with persistent symptoms to identify the anatomical variations that may responsible for the development of chronic sinus disease. In cases of sinusitis patients all the para-nasal sinus should be properly investigated to avoid complications. </p>
Correlation of severity of tinnitus with severity of anxiety and depression in adults in a tertiary care hospital at Bhuj, Gujarat, India
Authors: Khilnani Ajeet Kumar , Thaddanee Rekha , Chodvadiya Manali , Khilnani Gurudas 
Published: June 2018

<p class="abstract"><strong>Background:</strong> Tinnitus may be objective or subjective. Subjective tinnitus is the type most commonly associated with psychosocial co-morbidities. This study was conducted with an aim to assess the severity of tinnitus and to know its correlation with anxiety and depression in adult population of Western Gujarat region.</p><p class="abstract"><strong>Methods:</strong> This prospective observational study was conducted in a tertiary care teaching hospital of Western Gujarat from December 2016 to July 2017. Patients with tinnitus were screened for anxiety and depression using tinnitus handicap inventory (THI, validated in Gujarati language), generalized anxiety disorder (GAD-7) and patient health questionnaire (PHQ-9). Severity of anxiety and depression was further evaluated using The Hamilton anxiety rating scale (HAM-A) and the Hamilton rating scale for depression (HRSD, also called HAM-D) respectively. </p><p class="abstract"><strong>Results:</strong> 68 patients fulfilled the inclusion criterion. Maximum patients (30.9 %) had moderate tinnitus, followed by severe (26.4 %), catastrophic (19.1 %), mild (16.2 %) and slight (7.4 %). There was a strong and significant correlation between the average THI scores and average GAD-7 scores (r=0.9708, p&lt;0.00001) and average THI scores and average PHQ-9 scores (r=0.9906, p&lt;0.0001) suggesting that patients with tinnitus were very likely to have anxiety as well as depression. However, irrespective of the severity of tinnitus, most patients had only mild anxiety (r=0.9403, p&lt;0.00001) and mild depression (r=0.6758, p=0.001).</p><p><strong>Conclusions:</strong> The patients with tinnitus are very likely to suffer from mild anxiety as well as mild depression. </p>
A comparative study of endoscopic assisted curettage adenoidectomy with conventional adenoidectomy
Authors: Kumar Abhay , Narayan Prabhu , Narain Prem , Singh Jaypal , Porwal Prateek Kumar , Sharma Sanjay 
Published: June 2018

<p class="abstract"><strong>Background:</strong> In ENT adenoidectomy is a commonly performed surgery. It is conventionally done using the curettage method. This present study aims to evaluate endoscopic assisted curettage<strong> </strong>adenoidectomy as an alternative.</p><p class="abstract"><strong>Methods:</strong> The present study consisted of forty cases requiring adenoidectomy were divided into two groups of twenty each. In Group A adenoidectomy was done by conventional curettage method and in Group B by endoscopic assisted micro-debrider adenoidectomy. The parameters studied between two groups were intra-operative time, intra-operative bleeding and completeness of resection .The study period was from June 2015 to December 2016. </p><p class="abstract"><strong>Results:</strong> The average time taken in Group A (conventional surgery) was 5.30 minutes and in Group B (powered endoscopic surgery) was 12.30 minute. The average blood loss in Group A was 35 ml (range 10–50) as compared to 30 ml in Group B. Nearly 25 % of the patients who underwent endoscopic assisted adenoidectomy had grade II adenoids. About 30% of the patients who underwent conventional adenoidectomy had Grade III adenoids. A total of 10% of the patients developed primary haemorrhage which was more in conventional adenoidectomy (15%) as compared to endoscopic adenoidectomy (5%).</p><strong>Conclusions:</strong>Endoscopic assisted microdebrider adenoidectomy was found to be a safe and effective tool for adenoidectomy. Endoscopic adenoidectomy better for completeness of resection, accurate resection under vision. On the other hand, in conventional adenoidectomy operative time and intra-operative bleeding was less.<p> </p>
Outcomes of circumferential tympanomeatal flap tympanoplasty in large central perforation
Authors: B. K. Venkatesha , B. S. Yogeesha , Khan Shibu 
Published: June 2018

<p class="abstract"><strong>Background:</strong> Tympanoplasty is the commonest procedure performed in patients with chronic otitis media. Circumferential elevation of tympanomeatal flap and underlay graft placement is thought to be a good surgical technique as it ensures elevation of canal skin over the Eustachian tube area to form a good assemble between the temporalis graft and the flap to increase the success rate. In our study we intend to study the surgical and hearing outcome in patients undergoing tympanoplasty with circumferential tympanomeatal flap in large central perforations.</p><p class="abstract"><strong>Methods:</strong> A prospective study with 25 patients in a tertiary care hospital for a period of 2 years, who underwent circumferential tympanomeatal flap tympanoplasty. Patients were followed up on one month and two months. Graft outcomes and hearing outcomes were studied. </p><p class="abstract"><strong>Results:</strong> Graft uptake was 92%. Blunting was noticed in 4% and medialisation in 4% of patients in circumferential group. Average air-bone gap closure achieved was 17.468 dB.</p><p><strong>Conclusions:</strong> Circumferential flap elevation in tympanoplasty is an effective surgical technique in patients with anterior and large central perforations with satisfactory outcomes. </p>
Hearing loss and ossicular status in cholesteatoma
Authors: Doddamani S. S. , C. Yasha 
Published: June 2018

<p class="abstract"><strong>Background:</strong> Chronic otitis media with cholesteatoma is associated with hearing loss. Cholesteatoma causes bone erosion leading to ossicular chain defects. These ossicular lesions are only detected intraoperatively. If the ossicular status could be detected preoperatively by audiometric parameters, it would aid in better information to the patient, surgeon and preparation for the surgery. The aim of this study is to describe the intraoperative ossicular status, preoperative hearing status and to correlate them in patients with cholesteatoma.</p><p class="abstract"><strong>Methods:</strong> This is a retrospective case series study conducted in a tertiary care centre. Data was collected from inpatient files of 47 patients who underwent surgery for cholesteatoma from January 2016 to December 2017. Air and bone conduction thresholds, air- bone gaps from pure tone audiometry (PTA) reports were collected. The status of the ossicles was collected from the operative notes. </p><p class="abstract"><strong>Results:</strong> PTA revealed hearing loss in all the patients, predominantly conductive loss (83%). Ossicular defects were noted in 87% with incus most frequently involved (78.7%). Ossicular lesions were significantly associated with worse air conduction, bone conduction thresholds and air bone gap.</p><p><strong>Conclusions:</strong> Cholesteatoma is frequently associated with ossicular defects. PTA shows worse parameters in ossicular defects. But, it doesn’t reflect the status of ossicle involved or the number of ossicles involved.</p>
Functional outcome after surgical treatment of ankle fracture using Baird Jackson score
Authors: Mohapatra Amlan , Raj Karthik 
Published: June 2018

<p class="abstract"><strong>Background:</strong> Ankle fractures have been identified as a significant source of morbidity for both the young and the elderly. In this study we aim to evaluate the functional outcome of patients who were operated for ankle fracture at our centre and to assess the factors associated with the functional outcome.</p><p class="abstract"><strong>Methods:</strong> An observational study in the Department of Orthopedics, AJ Institute of Medical Sciences, Mangalore, Karnataka from January 1, 2017 till December 31, 2017 of all patients who presented with any type of ankle malleolar fracture and underwent surgery were included in the study. Clinical history, socio-demographic profile, anatomic classification and Weber’s classification was noted for all patients. Functional outcome was evaluated 6 months post-operatively using the Baird Jackson scale and factors associated were assessed.<strong></strong></p><p class="abstract"><strong>Results:</strong> During the study period 84 patients were enrolled in the study, mean age was 43.8±5.46 years and 48 were male patients. Supination external rotation was the most commonly seen injury in our patient population. Postoperatively, superficial skin infections were seen in 15% and restricted ankle movement in 11% patients. According to the Baird and Jackson score, clinical functional outcome was excellent in 17 cases, good in 47, fair in 15 and poor in 5 patients. Patients aged less than 45 years and supination external rotation injuries were significantly associated with excellent and good functional outcomes as compared to patients of older age.</p><p><strong>Conclusions:</strong> Surgical treatment resulted in excellent to good functional outcome in majority of the patients of this study. Further research is required to assess the clinical and functional outcomes in patients with long term follow up. </p>
Evaluation of talus fractures treated with fixation- correlation of functional outcome with the fracture type and wound condition
Authors: Mahajan Neetin Pralhad , Palange Nikhil Dilip , Pawar Eknath , Supe Amit , G. S. Prasannakumar 
Published: June 2018

<p class="abstract"><strong>Background:</strong> Fractures of talus are one of the most difficult ones to treat owing to the problems of complicated fracture patterns, wound problems, risk of osteonecrosis etc. This study aims to evaluate the relation of the fracture type and wound with the functional outcome after open reduction and fixation.</p><p class="abstract"><strong>Methods:</strong> The study was conducted in Sir J. J. Group of Hospitals from June 2014 to March 2018. A consecutive series of 28 patients with displaced fractures of talus were selected after approval from ethical committee. All patients were operated and evaluated at average of 6 months after surgery.<strong></strong></p><p class="abstract"><strong>Results:</strong> The Hawkins score was used to evaluate the functional outcome. 60% of patients of type II gained good to very good score as compared to 40% of patients of type III and 30% of type IV. With increase in severity of the fracture, percentage of score decreased.</p><p><strong>Conclusions:</strong> Most precise method of restoring and maintaining the anatomy of talus fracture is open reduction and internal fixation to allow early motion. Surgery for displaced fractures consists of anatomically correct reconstruction to avoid articular surface incongruence and angular deformity as well as preservation and rapid restoration of talar blood supply. This will ensure early mobilization and satisfactory outcome. Open fractures have worse functional outcome than closed fractures owing to lower union rates, higher osteonecrosis rates and higher re-operation and infection rates. </p>
Senhorio, poder senhorial e exercício da justiça nos Costumes de Beauvaisis
Authors: Zema de Resende Ana Catarina 
Published: June 2018

O estudo dos direitos de justiça e de polícia na obra de Philippe de Beaumanoir, <em>Costumes de Beauvaisis</em>, foi conduzido a partir do exame dos conceitos de senhorio e de poder senhorial, conceitos fundamentais para compreensão das relações de poder no período medieval. Sob o ângulo da antropologia jurídica, pretendeu-se analisar os direitos de justiça e de polícia dos senhores feudais como estabelecidos nos <em>Costumes de Beauvaisis</em>, para mostrar que, no século XIII, quando os conflitos entre senhores cessam, o que passa a ter importância para a afirmação do poder do senhor é o exercício de justiça. Após breve apresentação do autor e da fonte, retoma-se, em um primeiro momento, o debate historiográfico mais recente sobre a temática do senhorio e do poder senhorial para, em seguida, analisar nos <em>Costumes de Beauvaisis</em> os direitos de justiça e de polícia que são aqueles que dão ao senhor o poder de julgar, de punir, de cobrar taxas e multas e de afirmar seu poder de <em>ban</em>. Finalmente, conclui-se que o exercício da justiça está na base de todos os outros direitos e que é graças ao seu direito de justiça que o senhor vai adquirir o poder necessário para exigir de todos seus súditos os outros direitos.
HUBUNGAN ANTARA KECERDASAN EMOSIONAL DENGAN PERILAKU PRO-LINGKUNGAN SERTA PERBEDAANNYA BERDASARKAN JENIS KELAMIN
Authors: Shadiqi M. Abdan , Heryati Anward Hemy , Erlyani Neka 
Published: June 2018

Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian korelasi untuk mengetahui hubungan antarvariabel dan penelitian komparasi untuk mengetahui perbedaan tiap variabel berdasarkan jenis kelamin. Subjek penelitian adalah mahasiswa Prodi Teknik Lingkungan Fakultas Teknik Unlam sebanyak 50 orang dipilih secara purpossive random sampling. Penelitian ini menggunakan skala kecerdasan emosional dan kuesioner perilaku pro-lingkungan. Analisa data menggunakan analisis korelasi, analisis kovarian, dan uji t melalui SPSS versi 19.0. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa terdapat hubungan antara kecerdasan emosional dengan perilaku pro-lingkungan, tidak ada perbedaan kecerdasan emosional dan perilaku pro-lingkungan di antara berjenis kelamin berbeda, tidak ada perbedaan yang signifikan antara mean skor kecerdasan emosional laki-laki dengan perempuan dan tidak ada perbedaan yang signifikan antara mean skor perilaku pro-lingkungan laki-laki dengan perempuan Kata Kunci: Kecerdasan Emosional, Perilaku Pro-Lingkungan, Jenis Kelamin. This study is a correlation study to determine the relationship between variables and comparative study to determine the differences of variables base on gender. The subject in this study is students of Environmental Engineering Program Study, Faculty of Engineering, Unlam with 50 subject that chosen by purpossive random sampling. The method to collecting data are using emotional intelligence scale and pro-environmental behavior questionnaire. Data analysis are using correlation analysis, analysis of covariance, and t test with SPSS version 19.0. Based on the results of the correlation analysis is found the relationship between emotional intelligence with pro-environmental behavior, there is found no difference in emotional intelligence and pro-environmental behavior base on gender and there is found no significant difference between the mean each variables score of male and female. Keywords: Emotional Intelligence, Pro-Environmental Behavior.
FAKTOR-FAKTOR YANG MEMPENGARUHI STRES KERJA
Authors: Febriana Silvia Kristanti Tri 
Published: June 2018

Penelitian ini bertujuan mengetahui peranan persepsi pada kebisingan, shift dan kelelahan terhadap stress kerja karyawan di PT. Hasnur Riung Sinergi Kabupaten Tapin Kalimantan Selatan. Subjek penelitian berjumlah 50 (lima puluh) orang. Teknik pengambilan data dengan cara purposive random sampling. Alat pengumpul data yang digunakan adalah kuesioner persepsi pada kebisingan, shift kerja, kelelahan kerja dan skala stress kerja. Analisis data yang digunakan adalah menggunakan analisis regresi. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan tidak ada peranan secara signifikan antara persepsi pada kebisingan terhadap stress kerja, namun faktor kelelahan berperan sebesar 33,6 % terhadap terjadinya stres. Kemudian bekerja pada shift pagi berperan terhadap terjadinya stress daripada bekerja pada shift malam hari. Kata kunci: Persepsi pada Kebisingan, Shift Kerja, Kelelahan Kerja, Stres Kerja This study aims to determine the role of perception in noise, shift work and fatigue to the stress of employees at PT. Hasnur Riung Sinergi Tapin district of South Kalimantan. Subjects numbered 50 (fifty). Data retrieval techniques by purposive random sampling. Data collection tool used a questionnaire on the perception of noise, shift work, job burnout and job stress scale. Analysis of the data used is regression analysis. The results showed no significant role between stress perception in noise to work, but the fatigue factor of 33.6% contribute to the occurrence of stress. Then work on the morning shift contributes to the occurrence of stress than working on the night shift. Keywords: Noise Perception, Work Shift, Work Fatigue, Job Stress