bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Riemannian manifold-aided data-driven diagnosis of photovoltaic hot spots
Authors: Wu Lingrui , Yi Hui , Yang Chen , Hongtian Chen and 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
This paper proposes a novel data-driven approach for hot-spot fault detection in photovoltaic (PV) modules, utilizing a curved Riemannian manifold (RM) to characterize the sample space. The proposed method detects hot spots in PV systems by mining geometric features in high-dimensional data. The RM-based method combines the geometric properties of RMs for fault detection. In addition, it also provides information about the severity of the hot spots. The proposed method has three main advantages: (1) it is capable of actively learning fault characteristics and can be applied to diagnose various degrees of hot spots; (2) unlike other data-driven methods, the proposed method considers non-Euclidean spatial data features, which further improves the accuracy of the method and reduces the false alarm rate; (3) it does not rely on mathematical models or expert knowledge, making it able to meet the real-time monitoring needs of actual PV systems. The effectiveness and superiority of the proposed approach are verified through 12 sets of hot spots tests conducted on a PV experimental platform.
Several families of entanglement criteria for multipartite quantum systems based on the generalized Wigner–Yanase skew information and variance
Authors: Hong Yan , Hao Xinlan , Gao Limin 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
Quantum entanglement plays a critical role in many quantum applications, but detecting entanglement, especially in multipartite or high-dimensional quantum systems, remains a challenge. In this paper, we propose several families of entanglement criteria for detecting entanglement in multipartite or high-dimensional quantum states by the generalized Wigner–Yanase skew information

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and variance. We also reveal a complementary character between the criteria based on the generalized Wigner–Yanase skew information and an alternative one based on variance through specific examples. We illustrate the merits of these criteria and show that the combination of the entanglement criteria has a stronger detection capability, as it is capable of detecting entangled states that remain unrecognized by other criteria.
Strengthening Study on Microsphere Particle Peening for Flexspline Surface of Harmonic Reducer
Authors: Zhang Feifei , Gong Taimin , Huang Songkai , He Kai , Xu Hui 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
The service stability of the flexspline directly affects the service life of the harmonic reducer. Its main failure modes are fatigue fracture of the flexspline, damage of the flexible bearing, tooth wear or transmission slip, the above problems are often sprouted and developed from the surface. Researches show the novel surface treatment technology-Microsphere Particle Peening can significantly enhance the surface performance of the flexspline of the harmonic reducer, and thus improve its fatigue resistance. Therefore, studying this novel shot peening technology has significant scientific significance and practical value. In this paper, Microsphere Particle Peening is adopted to strength the flexspline surface and the effects of three different Microsphere Particle Peening conditions on the surface performance of the flexspline is analyzed. The research results indicate that Microsphere Particle Peening technology can introduce larger residual compressive stress, reduce the surface roughness, increase the surface hardness, improve the microstructure morphology, and effectively control the deformation amount of the flexspline by controlling the processing parameters of Microsphere Particle Peening. Therefore, Microsphere Particle Peening technology has broad engineering application prospects in the surface strengthening of precision components.
Fabrication of Self-powered Silicon Microneedles for Transdermal Drug Delivery
Authors: Wu Jiajun , Li Xinhui , Yan Xiaoxiao , Tang Gang , Li Yuwen , Li Zhibiao 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
Transdermal drug delivery has been widely studied in recent years. Compared with other methods of drug delivery, this method has many advantages, such as convenient, improving patient compliance and avoiding first-pass effect. However, the low efficiency of this method needs to be overcome. In this paper, a micro-invasive transdermal drug delivery mechanism with synergic coupling of microneedle force field and triboelectric field is proposed, which can enhance the efficiency of transdermal drug delivery and is easy to operate and use. First, a silicon solid microneedle array was fabricated by micromachining technology, and its size parameters could be flexibly adjusted. Second, a metal layer with microstructure was fabricated on the back of the microneedle by sputtering technology as the positive friction layer of the triboelectric structure. Last, the microneedle and the triboelectric structure were combined into a single composite structure by using FPC wires. The experimental results showed that the transdermal amount increased with the increase of external excitation force, frequency and the number of microneedle arrays. Under the same conditions, the skin penetration of the two mechanisms combined was 3-8 times higher than that of the single use.
Failure Analysis of Burst Tube Caused by Corrosion Thinning of the Tube Wall of Boiler Economizer
Authors: Liu Haiyun , Xiang Zhi , Wang Lei , Wu Zuhang , Wang Yuan 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
A boiler economizer is in continuous operation during several burst pipes. Burst tubes are located near the elbow below the weld, and the weld on both sides of the tube wall is thinning seriously. There is a flue gas formation vortex in the furnace chamber; the outer wall of the tubes is thicker ash, and fins and tubes are corroded to varying degrees. This study employed meticulous macroscopic observation, precise chemical composition analysis, detailed metallography, advanced scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and energy dispersive spectroscopy (EDS) to determine the causes of the coal economizer tube burst and tube wall thinning, ensuring the accuracy of the findings. The chemical composition, microstructure, and grain size of the base material met the requirements of the relevant standards. The heat-affected zone and weld seam show the Widmannstatten structure, a superheated tissue caused by excessive heat input during welding. The outer wall of the pipe corrosion is more serious, resulting in serious wall thinning, and ultimately, the pipe bursts, unable to withstand the pressure inside the pipe. It was eventually determined that the cause of the pipe burst was that the operating temperature of the economizer was close to the dew point, and the flue gas contained sulfur dioxide, sulfur trioxide, and hydrogen chloride that met water vapor at that temperature to form acid. Acid on the outer wall of the pipe was caused by flue gas dew point corrosion, seriously causing the pipe wall to thin. When the pipe wall is thinned to a certain extent due to corrosion, it cannot withstand the pressure inside the pipe, and rupture will occur.
Evolution of Microstructure and Hardness during Carburization Heat Treatment of Heavy-duty Gear Steels: Numerical Prediction and Experimental Study
Authors: Du Zunzhong , Wu Zehua , Chen Xuan , Chen Qiyuan , Yuan Yuedong , Wang Xiaonan , Chen Jialu 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
In order to solve the problems of long process cycle, low efficiency and high cost in the carburization heat treatment process of 18Cr2Ni4WA heavy-duty gear steel. The carbon concentration distribution of 18Cr2Ni4WA steel under conventional carburizing process at 930℃ was studied by combining numerical simulation with experimental research. The results show that the carbon concentration distribution predicted by the simulation is in good agreement with the experimental results. The microstructure of the surface layer after low-temperature tempering consists mainly of fine acicular tempered martensite, while the core consists mainly of lath tempered martensite and bainite. The increase in hardness after carburization is mainly attributed to the solid solution strengthening of the carbon atoms. The increase in hardness after cryogenic treatment is mainly attributed to the precipitation strengthening of the carbides. In addition, compared to the conventional carburization at 930°C, the high temperature carburizations at 950°C and 970°C reduced the carburization time by 37.2% and 53.5%, respectively.
Ship Forebody Optimization Based on Rankine Source Method
Authors: Song Shengyao , Zhang Baoji 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
The shape of the ship’s forebody has a greater impact on the ship’s resistance, and a reasonable optimization of the forebody can play a role in reducing the propulsion power and optimizing the resistance performance. Under the premise of Rankine source method of potential flow wave theory as the theoretical basis, SHIPFLOW software is used as the calculation tool, and CAESES software is used as the optimization tool to study the optimal design of the ship with minimum wave resistance. In the optimization process, a real ship is taken as the object, and the optimal solution of the rising wave resistance coefficient is calculated with the rising wave resistance coefficient as the objective function and the ship speed and displacement as the constraints. The real ship is selected as the mother ship, the parameters of the hull shape are taken as the design variables, and the shape of the forebody is optimized by the Lackenby shift method, so as to obtain a ship shape with less wave resistance at the same speed and within the displacement limit. The results show that the improved ship shape has obvious effect of reducing the wave resistance, which verifies the effectiveness and feasibility of this method for ship shape optimization
Forecast, analytical and trend analysis of the development of the agro-industrial complex of Russia in the main agri-food markets as an area of state strategic guidelines
Authors: Moroz O N , Medvedsky D A 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
The modern structure of the Russian agro-industrial complex has the properties of consolidation, expansion and prevalence of agricultural organizations and agricultural holdings, as evidenced by the factor of their provision for about two-thirds of the total agricultural production. This circumstance states the growing dominance of large agricultural business and the progressive evolution of the agricultural sector, as well as the reduction in the importance of individual farms of the population. In the course of the study, the current state of development of the agro-industrial complex of Russia is considered, a forecast, analytical and trend analysis of the development of the domestic agro-industrial complex is carried out through the prism of the fundamental agri-food markets and the contours of the subsequent progress in the development of the agricultural sector in the context of the evolving restructuring of the social, economic and political situation are determined. The novelty of the research lies in the presentation of forecast estimates and trends in the development of the main agri-food markets of the Russian agro-industrial complex, which determine the presumptive transformation of the agrarian mechanism of Russia in the medium and long term: destabilization of international political and trade-economic cooperation, intensification of economic restrictive measures, as well as fundamentally new state priorities. The agricultural sector of the economy tends to react extremely sharply to the current situation in recent years, manifested in unstable international economic relations and foreign policy crises, which directly negatively affects the conditions for the functioning of the agricultural business. The presented forecast scenario for the development of agri-food markets will contribute to the formation of directions for state strategic management, planning and regulation of the agro-industrial complex for the medium and long term.
Assessment of the regional development of the agricultural sector in the context of digital transformation
Authors: Kivarina Mariya , Yurina Nataliya 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
The current stage of agricultural development is characterized by its susceptibility to the latest changes caused by the introduction of digital technologies into the processes of organizing economic activity. This leads to the need for an economic assessment of the state of the industry to determine its readiness for transformation in the context of digitalization. This issue is particularly relevant for the regional economy, in which high-tech digital agriculture can become a source of growth in the ecosystem of innovative development of the agro-industrial complex of the country. Therefore, the purpose of the article is to study certain aspects of the functioning of agriculture in the Novgorod region, which act as determinants of the development of the industry in the context of digitalization. The paper identifies the factors influencing the digital transformation of agricultural organizations, as well as identifies the specifics of the functioning of the industry in the region during the transition to a digital business model.
State and prospects for the development of hemp cultivation in the Russian Federation
Authors: Bikbaeva Gulnur , Islamgulov Damir , Lubova Tatiana 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
The article discusses the prerequisites for the revival of the hemp industry. The reasons for the reduction in hemp sown areas and the state of hemp production in different years are shown. The characteristics of this crop as a raw material for the processing industry are given. Numerous types of products obtained from hemp during processing are given. The prospects for the further development of hemp through the federal target program “Development of breeding and seed production of industrial crops in the Russian Federation” are considered. Data are presented on the sown areas on the territory of the Russian Federation from 2010 to 2023, on the territory of the Republic of Bashkortostan from 2021 to 2023.
Digital Metrics of Agro-Industrial Complex: Intelligent Monitoring of Grain Production
Authors: Arinichev I V , Sidorov V A , Arinicheva I V 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
The article examines the basic conditions for the digitalization of grain production monitoring, including data collection organization, IT infrastructure selection, as well as changes in organizational culture and personnel training. The digitalization of the monitoring process involves the use of modern technologies such as neural networks and computer vision to enhance the accuracy and promptness of crop condition monitoring. Special attention is given to the implementation of digital solutions and overcoming barriers that hinder the digital transformation of grain fields. The principles of monitoring organization presented in the article lay the foundation for efficient and sustainable production, ensuring the quality and safety of grain products, contributing to the strengthening of the country’s food security, enhancing the resilience of the agro-industrial complex, and can become a conceptual basis for the development of the intelligent component of grain production.
Productive features of the first heifers of the red steppe breed under different systems of housing and forming of production groups
Authors: Elzhirokova Zalina , Yurin Denis , Gneush Anna , Tletseruk Irina , Ulimbashev Murat 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
The purpose of the research is to establish the productive qualities of the first heifers of the red steppe breed with different technologies of housing and forming a production group of newly-calved cows. Intergroup differences in the milk yield of the first heifers were established, which amounted to 176 kg of milk in favor of individuals who lactated separately from adult cows (P>0.95). The yield of protein and fat during lactation also prevailed in the experimental group of heifers by 3.5-3.8%. According to the milk content index, the first heifers kept together with adult livestock were inferior to the individuals of the experimental group by an average of 1.4%. The differences in the content of first heifers in the summer period were expressed in the superiority of milk yield of first heifers, which were grazed on pastures, during the pasture period at the level of 262 kg (P>0.95), provided them with superiority in milk production for the entire period of first lactation by an average of 289 kg of milk (P>0.95), as well as in yield milk fat and protein. As a result, the milk content index of the first heifers of the experimental group reached 1225 kg against 1161 kg in the control (P>0.95).
Productivity and resistance of sheep depending on the grazing period duration
Authors: Konik Nina , Kapitonova Elena , Krasnova Oksana , Kubatieva Zalina , Brantova Marzyat 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
The purpose of the research is to establish the productive qualities and resistance of the sheep organism at different periods of keeping sheep on pastures. Studies on improving the pasture use system were carried out on three groups of sheep with the beginning of the pasture season on April 25: Group I – with the end of the pasture season on October 15, II – on November 15, and III – on December 15. The data obtained indicate that the females kept on pastures for a longer time exceeded their peers of other groups by 1.6-2.0 kg in live weight. Before being driven to pastures on April 20, their live weight also turned out to be higher by 0.8-1.2 kg, and during their stay on pastures – by 0.7-1.6 kg, which indicates the expediency of longer grazing of sheep. In terms of live weight, the superiority of late weaning compared to the average was 1.25%, over group I (early term) – 5.23% (P>0.95). The blood of young ewes with a long grazing period contained more leukocytes, gamma globulins, erythrocytes and, most importantly, hemoglobin.
Features of growth and meat productivity of Hereford and Kalmyk bull calves
Authors: Kairov Valery , Kapitonova Elena , Krasnova Oksana , Konik Nina , Kubatieva Zalina 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
The purpose of the research is to study the peculiarities of growth and meat productivity of Hereford and Kalmyk bull calves bred in the conditions of the foothill zone of the Central Caucasus. The object of the research were Hereford (group I) and Kalmyk (group II) bull calves. A more complete realization of the genetic growth potential of Hereford cattle took place by the end of the research – at the age of 18 months, when the superiority of animals of this breed over the Kalmyk breed representatives was 22.6 kg (P>0.99). Heavier hot carcasses of Herefords with a difference of 18.8 kg (P>0.99) testified to their greater fullness. As a result of the differences in the mass of the hot carcass and internal fat, the highest slaughter weight and its yield were obtained from representatives of the Hereford breed, who surpassed their peers of the Kalmyk breed in these indicators by an average of 21.4 kg (P>0.99) and 2.8 abs.% (P>0.99), respectively.
Efficiency of precision farming systems application in the implementation of main tillage
Authors: Moisseyenko O V , Ivanchenko P G , Voitsekhovskaya L A , Jabassova Zh G , Kukhar V S 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
The main direction of crop production development is transformation from traditional agro-technologies to resource- and energy-saving technologies. One of the options of developing resource- and energy-saving technologies is precision farming technologies. Implementation of these technologies will provide optimal results in crop production. However, the use of tractors, agricultural machines and combines in the system of effective precision farming is possible, based on the analysis and substantiated conclusions of modern scientific and technical information. As well as the possibilities for specific natural and production conditions. Thus, the purpose of the study is to increase the efficiency of precision farming systems in the implementation of main tillage. The article presents the results of comparative tests of disc ripper “John Deere” (model 2720) in combination with tractors “Claas” (model AXION 950). The tests were conducted in the process of main tillage in the system of precision agriculture. The fields of “Agricultural Experimental Station “Zarechnoye” LLP, located in Kostanay region, Kostanay oblast, were chosen as a testing ground. During the comparative testing process, the objective was to determine the impact of the automatic driving system “Claas GPS PILOT” on certain indicators, in particular agrotechnical, technical-operational and economic indicators of their functioning. The conditions of comparative tests are typical for farms located in the areas of Northern Kazakhstan producing grain crops. The results of tests demonstrated that the application of automatic driving system “Claas GPS PILOT” on main tillage, disc ripper “John Deere” (model 2720) in combination with a tractor “Claas” (model AXION 950) allows to increase the working width of the machine by 24 cm, increase the shift productivity of the machine by 4.8%, reduce specific fuel consumption by 4.9%, specific energy costs by 2.9-6.1%, total cash outlay by 521.0 tenge/ hectare and get annual savings of total cash outlay of 294.5 thousand tenge.
To determine the cut height of fallen stems
Authors: Salikhova M N , Aleksandrov V A , Galchak I P , Aleksandrova N A , Kukhar V S 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
A significant part of the harvested crops lies down by the beginning of harvesting, and the harvesting of fallen bread cereals is accompanied by an increase in grain losses. The productivity and quality of the cutting devices of harvesting machines, which are used for harvesting crops, largely depend on the cut height of the fallen stems. It was found out that with an increase in the cut height, grain losses increase, and with its decrease, the efficiency of agricultural machinery decreases due to clogging of mechanisms with plants and soil. The article considers the analytical dependencies between the characteristics of the height of the cut stems, the soil surface and the cutting machine in its general movement across the field. The basic formulas of such dependencies are given.