bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
From Continental Hyperextension to Seafloor Spreading: New Insights on the Porcupine Basin From Wide‐Angle Seismic Data
Authors: Chen C. , Watremez L. , Prada M. , Minshull T. A. , Edwards R. A. , O'Reilly B. M. , Reston T. J. , Wagner G. , Gaw V. , Klaeschen D. , Shannon P. M. 
Published: September 2018

AbstractThe deep structure and sedimentary record of rift basins provide an important insight into understanding the geological processes involved in lithospheric extension. We investigate the crustal structure and large‐scale sedimentary architecture of the southern Porcupine Basin, offshore Ireland along three wide‐angle seismic profiles, supplemented by 13 selected seismic reflection profiles. The seismic velocity and crustal geometry models obtained by joint refraction and reflection traveltime inversion clearly image the deep structure of the basin. Our results suggest the presence of three distinct crustal domains along the rifting axis: (a) continental crust becoming progressively hyperextended from north to south through the basin, (b) a transitional zone of uncertain nature, and (c) a 7‐ to 8‐km‐thick zone of oceanic crust. The latter is overlain by an ~8‐km compacted Upper Paleozoic‐Mesozoic succession and ~ 2 km of Cenozoic strata. Due to the lack of clear magnetic anomalies and in the absence of well control, the precise age of interpreted oceanic crust is unknown. However, we can determine an age range of Late Jurassic to Late Cretaceous from the regional context. We propose a northward propagating rifting process in the Porcupine Basin, resulting in variations in strain along the rift axis.
Essential Role of Synoptic Environment on Rainfall Distribution of Landfalling Tropical Cyclones Over China
Authors: Shu Shoujuan , Feng Xibin , Wang Yuan 
Published: September 2018

AbstractHow the rainfall characteristics of landfalling tropical cyclones (TCs) over China change with the dry‐air intrusion is explored through analyzing Tropical Rainfall Measuring Mission (TRMM) and environmental fields. It is found that the rainfall area of landfalling TC is positively correlated to the midlevel environmental relative humidity: the larger the surrounding relative humidity before TC landfall, especially in the southern quadrants of the TC, the larger the rainfall coverage at landfall. Even when situated in a dry environment, the TC may produce severe concentrated rainfall with stronger intensity than in a moist environment. Results show that interaction between synoptic environment and TC is essential for influencing rainfall distribution for landfalling TCs over China. As a TC moves with northward component under two subtropical highs and westerly trough, it is under the influence of significant dry‐air intrusion, which results in limited rainfall area. The increasing northwesterly vertical wind shear that is nearly opposite to the TC movement, on the one hand enhances the upshear‐side subsidence, which offsets the friction‐induced ascent ahead of TC. On the other hand, it strengthens the downshear‐side updraft with the corporation of increasing synoptic convergence and results in severe asymmetric rainfall there. When a TC moves under the influences of enhanced subtropical high and monsoonal southwesterlies, it is under the moist environment that causes a larger rainfall area. Influenced by the weaker vertical wind shear with a similar direction as the TC movement, the rainfall distributes relatively symmetrically with heavy rain over the downshear‐friction convergence overlapping region at landfall.
Airborne Pollen Concentration in Nanjing, Eastern China, and its Relationship With Meteorological Factors
Authors: Fang Yiman , Ma Chunmei , Bunting M. Jane , Ding Aijun , Lu Huayu , Sun Wenfeng 
Published: September 2018

AbstractThis paper presents the results of airborne pollen and spore trapping in Nanjing city, eastern China, using a Burkard pollen trap during two consecutive years (2013–2014). A total of 103 pollen and spore taxa were identified. Two concentration peaks are observed in the annual cycle, a spring peak dominated by arboreal pollen types (Morus, Cupressaceae, Pinus, Pterocarya, and Quercus) and a fall peak dominated by upland herbs (Compositae, Poaceae, Humulus, and Cruciferae). Wetland herbs and ferns dominate summer assemblages and winter assemblages are characterized by sporadic records of Artemisia, Chenopodiaceae, and Pinus. Strong year‐to‐year differences in measured pollen concentration are seen, probably in response to interyear differences in weather. Compared to long‐term means, 2013 was comparatively hot and dry and 2014 had a higher than average number of rain days during the flowering periods. Rising temperatures in early spring are connected with the timing of flowering and therefore pollen release, while rainfall during the flowering period appeared to remove pollen from the air, leading to lower recorded pollen concentration values. Four taxa, Cupressaceae, Quercus, Pinus, and Humulus, were considered in more detail. Each has a different pattern of variation in pollen concentration between the studied years. Cross correlation between pollen concentration and daily temperature, relative humidity, and precipitation at lags from 0 to −30 days also showed different responses for each taxon, suggesting that pollen signal responses to weather conditions have to be considered at a taxon level rather than at the assemblage level.
Deriving Morphometric Parameters and the Simple‐to‐Complex Transition Diameter From a High‐Resolution, Global Database of Fresh Lunar Impact Craters (D ≥ ~ 3 km)
Authors: Krüger T. , Hergarten S. , Kenkmann T. 
Published: September 2018

AbstractWe compiled a high‐resolution, global lunar impact crater database composed of 5,505 pristine craters ≥ ~3 km. This database contains detailed morphometric data, and their trends are examined with best‐fit power‐laws. We compared several different functions for simple, transitional, and complex craters to report one best‐fit representation. We integrated transitional craters into these fits as an independent crater class. Transitional craters are in a transitional state, between simple and complex craters. They are devoid of a central uplift and terraces but show wall slumping and a flat floor. In regard to depth‐diameter relationships, simple craters exhibit similar scaling all over the Moon, whereas larger craters are different in highland and mare regions. In the present work, we sought the best representation of the simple‐to‐complex transition diameter. The intersection of simple power‐law fits for simple and complex crater populations is shown to be a poor representation of the transition diameter. We used a misclassification method for finding transition diameters. This process reveals a transition from simple to transitional craters at diameters of ~17 km (highland) and ~14 km (mare). Transitional morphology is replaced by complex morphology at diameters of ~ 28 km (highland) and ~ 24 km (mare). The lower transition diameters of mare craters are attributed primarily to the layered mare basalts, which enables an earlier onset of crater modification. We also analyzed the relationship between aspect ratio and depth‐diameter ratio of simple craters: Simple craters with ε ≥ 1.1 are significantly shallower in depth/diameter plots than craters with ε < 1.1.
Thermal Structure of the Martian Upper Atmosphere From MAVEN NGIMS
Authors: Stone Shane W. , Yelle Roger V. , Benna Mehdi , Elrod Meredith K. , Mahaffy Paul R. 
Published: September 2018

AbstractThe Neutral Gas and Ion Mass Spectrometer (NGIMS) aboard the NASA Mars Atmosphere and Volatile EvolutioN (MAVEN) mission measures the structure and variability of the Martian upper atmosphere. We use NGIMS density profiles to derive upper atmospheric temperature profiles and investigate the thermal structure of this region. The thermal structure of the upper atmosphere is a critical component of understanding atmospheric loss to space, the main science objective of MAVEN, and measured temperatures serve as inputs to and constraints on photochemical and global circulation models. We describe proper treatment of the NGIMS data and correct for the horizontal motion of the spacecraft. Temperature profiles from week‐long, low‐altitude excursions executed by MAVEN, called Deep Dips, are used to investigate the diurnal variation of the temperature and the thermospheric gradient, which varies between 1.33 ± 0.16 and 2.69 ± 0.33 K km−1 on the dayside. NGIMS measurements acquired on nominal MAVEN orbits over more than a Martian year further elucidate the diurnal and latitudinal variations of the temperature. Diurnal variations of about a factor of 2, from 127 ± 8 to 260 ± 7 K, are observed high in the exosphere, and latitudinal variations of 39 ± 17 K are observed in this region. Comparisons indicate broad agreement between temperatures derived from MAVEN NGIMS with previous in situ and remote sensing observations of upper atmospheric temperatures. NGIMS temperatures are also shown to be consistent with predictions of a 1‐D model which includes solar UV and near IR heating, thermal conduction, and radiative cooling in the CO2   ν2 15‐μm band.
Histopathological Changes Caused by Inflammation and Oxidative Stress in Diet-Induced-Obese Mouse following Experimental Lung Injury
Authors: Wang Fengyuan , Zuo Zhicai , Chen Kejie , Fang Jing , Cui Hengmin , Shu Gang , Zhou Yi , Chen Zhengli , Huang Chao , Liu Wentao 
Published: September 2018

AbstractObesity has been identified as a risk factor for adverse outcomes of various diseases. However, information regarding the difference between the response of obese and normal subjects to pulmonary inflammation is limited. Mice were fed with the control or high-fat diet to establish the lean and diet-induced obese (DIO) mice. Escherichia coli was intranasally instilled to reproduce non-fatal acute pneumonia model. After infection, serum samples and lung tissues were obtained at 0, 12, 24, and 72 h. DIO mice exhibited increased serum triglyceride (TG) and total cholesterol (TC) contents as well as pulmonary resistin, IL-6, and leptin levels compared with lean mice. E. coli infection caused an acute suppurative inflammation in the lung with increased lung index and serum TG and TC contents; elevated pulmonary tumor necrosis factor-α, interleukin (IL)-1β, IL-6, IL-8, and leptin levels; and oxidative stress in mice. Interestingly, almost all the above-mentioned parameters peaked at 12 h after infection in the lean-E. coli group but after 12 h in the DIO-E. coli group. These results indicated that the DIO mice presented a delayed inflammatory response and oxidative stress in non-fatal acute pneumonia induced by E. coli infection.
Compact dual‐band frequency selective surface designed for global system for mobile communications system
Authors: Yin Weiyang , Zhang Hou , Zhong Tao , Chen Qiang 
Published: September 2018

In this Letter, a compact dual‐band frequency selective surface (FSS) with the smallest size of 0.047λ0 × 0.047λ0 for global system for mobile communication system is proposed. This FSS element is composed of two 2.5D square loops, which creates two stop bands resonating at 940 and 1820 MHz with −18 dB bandwidth of 105 and 208 MHz, respectively. Besides, the proposed FSS performs a stable frequency response under different incident angles for the horizontal polarised electric field (transverse electric mode) and vertically polarised electric field (transverse magnetic mode). The detailed design process is illustrated in the Letter. To confirm the full‐wave simulation results, a prototype is fabricated and the measured results show good agreements with the simulated ones.
Der „besondere“ Fall: Spezifische oder unspezifische Rückenschmerzen? – Notwendigkeit eines manualtherapeutischen Screenings
Authors: Beyerlein Claus 
Published: September 2018

ZusammenfassungDer Patient im vorliegenden Fall litt unter permanenten Schmerzen im Rücken und rechten Gesäß mit Ausstrahlung in die Rückseite und den rechten seitlichen
Oberschenkel bis zum Knie. Bereits die Anamnese und körperliche Untersuchung wiesen auf eine mögliche spezifische Schmerzursache hin. Die positiven, wenngleich
überraschenden Ergebnisse einer später durchgeführten Operation bestätigten diese Vermutung.Das Fallbeispiel verdeutlicht, dass bei Patienten mit spezifischen Rückenschmerzen für eine erfolgreiche Behandlung zum einen eine sorgfältige klinische
Untersuchung sowie eine physiotherapeutische Diagnostik einschließlich eines Screenings auf Red Flags und zum anderen eine möglichst frühzeitige
interdisziplinäre Zusammenarbeit notwendig ist.
Bedeutung von p16(INK4A) hinsichtlich des Nachweises von HPV-DNA und in der Stratifizierung der tumorspezifischen Mortalität bei 34 Patienten mit invasivem Peniskarzinom in Langzeit-Nachbeobachtung
Authors: Bründl Johannes , Neppl Christina , Hommer Thomas , Otto Wolfgang , Breyer Johannes , Brookman-May Sabine , Weber Florian , Burger Maximilian , May Matthias , Eichelberg Christian 
Published: September 2018

Zusammenfassung
Hintergrund Bei etwa jedem dritten Patienten mit einem penilen Plattenepithelkarzinom (PSCC) gilt die Infektion mit Humanen Papillomaviren (HPV) als entscheidender Faktor der Karzinogenese. Erste Daten zur optimierten Risikostratifizierung und Therapie anhand des HPV-Status existieren; somit hat der Nachweis einer HPV-Genese möglicherweise mehr als lediglich eine epidemiologische Dimension. Referenz zur Detektion von HPV ist die aufwendige Polymerase-Kettenreaktion (PCR). Unklar ist, ob Alternativen wie die In-situ-Hybridisierung (ISH) oder verschiedene Surrogatmarker (immunhistochemischer Nachweis einer p16INK4a-Expression, histologischer Subtyp, Tumorinvasionsfront, Koilozytose), zur Bestimmung des HPV-Status ausreichend sind.
Methoden In dieser unizentrischen Studie an 34 Patienten mit PSCC wurden eine Multiplex nested-PCR zur Festlegung des HPV-Status und Genotypisierung der HPV-DNA sowie eine ISH durchgeführt. Diverse histologische Kriterien und p16INK4a wurden durch zentralen Review bestimmt. Der Einfluss verschiedener Kriterien auf die karzinomspezifische Mortalität (CSM) wurde mit Cox-Regressionsmodellen geprüft (FU: 92 Mon.). Ferner erfolgte der Vergleich der diskriminativen Qualitäten verschiedener Tumorinvasionsmuster (u. a. TNM-Klassifikation 7. vs. 8. Auflage) hinsichtlich der CSM-Prädiktion.
Ergebnisse Gemäß PCR-Analyse wiesen 26 % der Patienten HR-HPV auf (n = 9). ISH und die untersuchten histologischen Kriterien zeigten eine unzureichende Vorhersagegenauigkeit des HPV-Status (p > 0,3). p16INK4a erreichte in den Testkriterien Sensitivität, Spezifität, positiv-prädiktiver und negativ-prädiktiver Wert sowie Gesamtübereinstimmung 66,7 %, 84 %, 60 %, 87,5 % bzw. 79,4 % (AUC: 0,753; p = 0,026). Keines der Untersuchungskriterien (inkl. PCR) korrelierte signifikant mit der CSM. Im Vergleich zur 7. wies die 8. Auflage der pT-Klassifikation eine bessere CSM-Prädiktion auf (C-Indizes 70,2 % vs. 72,9 %). In Addition zur Schwellkörper-Invasion besaß die Urethra-Infiltration keinen eigenständigen prädiktiven Wert. Eine durch uns vorgeschlagene Neu-Gruppierung der Schwellkörper-Invasionsmuster erzielte eine Diskriminationssteigerung bzgl. der CSM (C-Index 77,9 %).
Schlussfolgerung p16INK4a erlaubt – im Gegensatz zur ISH und den untersuchten histologischen Kriterien – eine akzeptable Vorhersage des HPV-Status. Der Nachweis von HPV-DNA inkl. seiner Surrogatmarker hatte keinen Einfluss auf die CSM. Die 8. Auflage der pT-Klassifikation scheint prognostisch sinnvoll, da die urethrale Tumorinvasion keinen eigenständigen Einfluss auf die CSM aufweist.
Methylenetetrahydrofolate Reductase Polymorphisms and Pregnancy Outcome
Authors: Turgal Mert , Gumruk Fatma , Karaagaoglu Ergun , Beksac Mehmet 
Published: September 2018

Abstract
Introduction Aim of the study was to evaluate the effect of methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase (MTHFR) polymorphisms on pregnancy outcome.
Materials and Methods A total of 617 pregnancies of women who were investigated for MTHFR C677T and A1298C polymorphisms prior to pregnancy were included in the study. Cases were classified into “homozygous polymorphisms” (Group I), “heterozygous polymorphisms” (Group II), and patients without polymorphisms who functioned as controls (Group III). Patients with polymorphisms were assigned to a specific protocol at least 3 months before becoming pregnant. Administration of low molecular weight heparin (LMWH) was started very early during pregnancy. The Beksac Obstetrics Index (BOI) was used to estimate the obstetric risk levels for the different groups.
Results We found that the early pregnancy loss (EPL) rate increased as MTHFR polymorphism complexity increased and that the early EPL rate was significantly higher in patients with MTHFR C677T polymorphism compared to patients with MTHFR A1298C polymorphism (p = 0.039). There were significant differences between the previous pregnancies of the patients in the 3 study groups in terms of perinatal complications and EPLs (p = 0.003 and p = 0.019). The BOI decreased as the severity of polymorphisms increased. An association between MTHFR polymorphisms and congenital malformations and chromosomal abnormalities was observed. We could not demonstrate any statistically significant difference between study groups when the 3 groups were compared with regard to the pregnancy outcomes under specific management protocols.
Conclusion MTHFR polymorphisms are potential risk factors for adverse pregnancy outcomes.
Multimodality Imaging for Navigation in Endoscopic Transsphenoidal Surgeries
Authors: Xu Yuanzhi , Ni Jiahua , Bi Yunke , Zhang Anke , Xue Yajun , Qi Xiangqian , Lou Meiqing 
Published: September 2018

Background and Study Aims Computed tomography (CT) and magnetic resonance image (MRI) data have been widely used to for navigation in various neurosurgical operations. However, delicate intracranial structures cannot be displayed using only one imaging method. Navigation with multimodality imaging was developed to better visualize these structures in glioma removal, but whether it is useful in endoscopic transsphenoidal surgery is unknown. We describe our clinical experience using multimodality imaging for navigation in endoscopic transsphenoidal surgeries.
Material and Methods A total of 134 patients underwent endoscopic transsphenoidal surgery with navigation using multimodality imaging. CT and MR images were fused and processed to optimally visualize anatomical structures of the sphenoidal sinus and tumor.
Results Navigation with multimodality imaging offers a precise display of anatomical structures in the sphenoid sinus as compared with navigation based on either CT or MRI.
Conclusion Navigation with multimodality imaging is capable of providing optimized guidance during endoscopic transsphenoidal surgeries. The fused images allow precise visualization of sphenoidal sinus structures, lesions and tumors. This is valuable for increasing safety in cases of anatomical variations and potentially decreasing the rate of tumor recurrence.
CT-Guided Chemical Thoracic Sympathectomy versus Botulinum Toxin Type A Injection for Palmar Hyperhidrosis
Authors: Yang HongJun , Kang Jianjie , Zhang Shufen , Peng Kairun , Deng Bingmei , Cheng Biao 
Published: September 2018

Background The present study aimed to evaluate and compare the efficacy of botulinum toxin type A (BTX-A) injection versus thoracic sympathectomy for idiopathic palmar hyperhidrosis.
Methods Fifty-one patients with idiopathic palmar hyperhidrosis were treated with either BTX-A injection or thoracic sympathectomy between March 2013 and April 2016. The severity of palmar hyperhidrosis was qualitatively measured via the Hyperhidrosis Disease Severity Scale (HDSS). All patients completed a questionnaire that detailed the time taken for the treatment to work, local or systemic adverse effects, and pre- and post-treatment severity of hyperhidrosis. The efficacy and adverse effects of the two treatments were compared and analyzed.
Results Hyperhidrosis-related quality of life improved quickly and significantly in the BTX-A group (26 patients) and the sympathectomy group (25 patients). Compared with pre-treatment, the HDSS score significantly reduced after treatment in both groups (p < 0.05). All patients in the sympathectomy group had cessation of sweating of the hands after treatment, and this curative effect lasted for 12 months. In contrast, the treatment took more time to work in the BTX-A group, and the curative effect lasted for a much shorter period (3 months). The sympathectomy group had a significantly lesser mean HDSS score than the BTX-A group at 1 week, 3 months, 6 months, 9 months, and 12 months after treatment (p < 0.05). The sympathectomy group experienced more complications than the BTX-A group.
Conclusion For palmar hyperhidrosis, thoracic sympathectomy is more effective and has a longer lasting curative effect than BTX-A injection, but thoracic sympathectomy has more complications.
Cardiothoracic Area Ratio Predicts Lethal Pulmonary Venous Obstruction in Patients with Single Ventricle and Total Anomalous Pulmonary Venous Connection
Authors: Emi Misugi , Inamura Noboru 
Published: September 2018

Background and Objectives When single ventricle (SV) is complicated with total anomalous pulmonary venous connection (TAPVC), the pulmonary vein obstruction (PVO) occurs at a high rate.There are some patients who died from the lethal PVO (l-PVO) which needed PVO release dead due to severe desaturation within 24 hours after birth. The purpose of this study was to find a predictive marker for l-PVO during the fetal period.
Methods We enrolled 21 patients diagnosed with SV associated with TAPVC in the antenatal period. Ten patients had supracardiac, five had cardiac, five had infracardiac, and one had mixed TAPVC. We reviewed fetal echocardiography and measured cardiothoracic area ratio (CTAR) and total cardiac dimension (TCD). We divided 21 cases into l-PVO group (6) and non-l-PVO group (15) and compared the fetal echocardiography findings and postnatal prognoses between the groups.
Results CTAR at the final fetal echocardiography was 16 to 29% (median: 21) in the l-PVO group and 22 to 38% (median: 28) in the non-l-PVO group (p = 0.01). TCD/week at the final echocardiography was 0.67 to 1.0 (median: 0.77) in the l-PVO group and 0.78 to 1.2 (median: 0.96) in the non-l-PVO group (p = 0.02).
Conclusion Reduced CTAR in the antenatal period is a good predictor of l-PVO after birth.
Unusual Multiple Brain Abscesses Caused by Aeromonas hydrophila in a Preterm Neonate: Case Report
Authors: Bukhari Elham 
Published: September 2018

AbstractNeonatal brain abscess is rare. The most common etiologic microorganisms that are responsible for this condition are Citrobacter diversus, Proteus mirabilis, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Serratia marcescens, and other Enterobacteriaceae. Aeromonas hydrophila is a halophilic, gram-negative, facultative anaerobic bacillus.It has been reported to cause intestinal and extraintestinal infections and has rarely been reported to cause meningitis at neonatal age. A. hydrophila has not been reported previously to cause brain abscess in neonates. In this report, we describe a case of severe multiple brain abscesses and ventriculitis as complications in meningitis caused by A. hydrophila in a preterm newborn.