bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Lung Cancer Mortality Patterns in Women Resident in Different Urbanization Areas in Central Italy from 1987–2002
Authors: Chellini Elisabetta , Gorini Giuseppe , Martini Andrea , Giovannetti Lucia , Costantini Adele Seniori 
Published: April 2018

Aims and background The aim of the study was to evaluate mortality lung cancer trends, as an indicator of female smoking trends, in women resident in different urbanization areas. Methods and study design Data on the 5,782 female lung cancer deaths that occurred in Tuscany, Italy, during the period 1987–2002 were analyzed, using age-period-cohort models by areas at different urbanization levels. Trends were examined with a log-linear regression model, calculating the yearly estimated percent change. Empirical bayesian estimators of the ratios between observed and expected deaths by municipality were calculated for the most recent period and mapped. Results The age-adjusted lung cancer mortality rates increased from 1987 to 2002: estimated percentage change values were equal to 24.5% in the urban areas (P <0.001) and 17.2% in the rural areas (P = 0.023). The age-period-cohort model analyses showed a statistically significant drift and non-linear cohort effects. The higher risk was observed for the birth cohort of women born around 1955 (RR, 5.25; 95% CI, 2.83–9.72). In the rural areas, no significant effects were observed, and the age model showed the best fit. In recent years, the risk appeared concentrated in 9 Tuscan municipalities, accounting more than 35% of the female urban population. Conclusions The observed significant cohort effect in the age-period-cohort analyses for the urban areas reflects the social impact of living in these areas to induce smoking-related disease like lung cancer in women. The risk appeared particularly relevant in more recent and urbanized generations (women born around 1955), thereby suggesting urgent effective campaigns against smoking, gender dedicated, especially in urban areas.
Quality Control of the Autopap Screening System Employed as a Primary Screening Device: Rapid Review of Smears Coded as no Further Review
Authors: Bulgaresi Paolo , Cariaggi Maria Paola , Troni Grazia Maria , Ciatto Stefano 
Published: April 2018

Aims and background Automated reading of smears is increasingly used in cervical screening, and quality control procedures to check its performance are required. The aim of the present study was to evaluate the usefulness of rapid review of all smears coded as “no further review'’ (NFR) by the AutoPap system as a quality control procedure. Methods From 2002–2005, 153, 269 smears were processed by AutoPap at the Centro per lo Studio e la Prevenzione Oncologica of Florence, Italy, and 24,503 (15.9%) were coded as NFR. All NFR smears underwent immediate rapid review by expert readers. Results Sixty-five of 118 NFR cases reviewed as ASCUS-R complied to recommended 6 months cytology, and 25 of 30 NFR cases reviewed as ASCUS-SIL or more severe accepted immediate colposcopy. As a result of such assessment, one single case of microinvasive carcinoma was detected in a woman aged 34 years: NFR smear had been reviewed as AGCUS, was followed by repeat AGCUS cytology and repeat negative colposcopy, and finally underwent conization. Conclusions NFR report at AutoPap was associated with an extremely high negative predictive value, which might suggest using AutoPap as a primary screening tool, with NFR report prompting a “return to screening'’ recommendation. Rapid review of NFR smears is not recommended as a quality control measure for the negligible yield of highgrade lesions detected.
Is Radiation a Risk Factor for Atherosclerosis? An Echo-Color Doppler Study on Hodgkin and Non-Hodgkin Patients
Authors: Bilora Franca , Pietrogrande Francesco , Petrobelli Francesco , Potato Giuliana , Pomerri Fabio , Muzzio Pier Carlo 
Published: April 2018

Aims and background The aim of the present paper was to study the role of irradiation in the atherosclerotic process in patients affected by Hodgkin and non-Hodgkin lymphoma. Methods We studied 84 subjects, 42 with Hodgkin or non-Hodgkin disease and 42 controls. All 42 cases had been irradiated and were comparable in terms of risk factors for atherosclerosis. All 84 subjects underwent echo-color Doppler of the arterial axis (carotids, abdominal aorta, and femoral arteries), and the intima-media thickness was measured. Results The irradiated cases had a greater intima-media thickness in the carotid district, even after dividing them according to age and sex; males were affected more than females. The irradiated patients were at greater risk of developing cardiovascular events than the controls. Conclusions An echo-color Doppler of the carotid district is advisable in all patients who have been submitted to radiotherapy, and the patients with a significantly greater than normal intima-media thickness need a strict follow-up, and antioxidant or antiaggregant therapy should be considered.
C-Erbb-2 Protein Level in Tissue and Sera of Breast Cancer Patients: A Possibly Useful Clinical Correlation
Authors: Quaranta Michele , Daniele Antonella , Coviello Maria , Savonarola Annalisa , Abbate Ines , Venneri Maria Teresa , Paradiso Angelo , Stea Baldassarre , Zito Alfredo , Labriola Angela , Schittulli Francesco 
Published: April 2018

Aims and background The aims of this study were to assess the clinical utility of circulating preoperative HER-2 extracellular domain p105 detected by enzyme immunoassay (ELISA), to compare the tissue expression of HER-2/neu determined by immunohistochemistry (IHC), to correlate prognostic factors including tumor size, nodal involvement, and hormone receptor status, and to analyze the prognostic significance of the marker in relation to clinical outcome as measured by disease-free and overall survival. Methods In this study, we enrolled 108 consecutive patients with breast carcinoma, and obtained serum samples and frozen tumor tissues. We compared them with 57 women with fibroadenoma and 63 healthy women as controls. Results Univariate ANOVA analysis showed no relationship between HER-2/neu in tissue and serum. Preoperative serum levels of p105 were significantly higher in breast cancer patients than in women with benign disease or healthy women. Concerning the correlation between p105, HER-2/neu tissue expression, and the other prognostic factors, a statistically significant correlation between high serum p105 levels and ER-negative status in breast cancer patients was found. Kaplan-Meier analysis confirmed that patients with positive HER-2/neu tissue expression had a significantly shorter survival than those with negative expression. Analysis with the Cox model demonstrated that tumor size was the only significant independent prognostic factor. Conclusions This research failed to demonstrate a relationship between preoperative tissue overexpression and circulating HER-2/neu, suggesting that p105 does not represent a valid alternative to predict a worsened prognosis in breast cancer, but it could be a diagnostic marker to discriminate healthy subjects from breast cancer patients.
Phyllodes Tumor with Osteosarcomatous Differentiation: A Comparative Immunohistochemical Study between Epithelial and Mesenchymal Cells
Authors: Ribeiro-Silva Alfredo , Ramalho Leandra Náira Zambelli , Zucoloto Sérgio 
Published: April 2018

Aims and background Phyllodes tumor of the breast with osteosarcomatous differentiation is rare and very little is known about its molecular profile. Methods and study design An immunohistochemical panel with 37 primary antibodies including cytokeratins, mesenchymal markers, key regulators of the cell cycle, oncogenes, apoptosis-related proteins, metalloproteinases and their inhibitors was performed on a formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded sample of phyllodes tumor with osteosarcomatous differentiation in a 49-year-old woman. Results Antiapoptotic stimuli (survivin) predominated in sarcomatous cells. Antiproteolytic stimuli (TIMP-1, TIMP-2 and PAI) were preponderant in all cells, a surprising fact in view of the aggressiveness of the neoplasm. The immunoprofile of the osteoblastic and stromal cells was quite similar, except for c-erbB-3, c-myc, cyclin D1 and p21. Both exhibited positive cells for actin, MyoD1 and GFAP. Conclusions Our results suggest that this osteosarcoma may have originated from metaplasia of stromal cells that underwent a malignant change.
CONTRIBUTO ALLA CONOSCENZA DELLA CITOLOGIA DELL'APPARATO URO-GENITALE
Authors: Pizzetti F. , Chierego F. , Fabris P. 
Published: April 2018

The most suitable tecniques of removal and staining for the cytological examination of the bladder are described. The pathognomonic cytological findings for acute and chronic cystitis, benign tumours (papillomas) and malignant tumours or the urinary bladder are exposed.
AZIONE DEL PROGESTERONE SUL METABOLISMO DI SEZIONI SOPRAVVIVENTI DI ALCUNI TUMORI SPERIMENTALI
Authors: Albano A. 
Published: April 2018

Researches have been carried out (with Warburg apparatus) on the action of progesteron on respiration aerobic and anaerobic glycolysis of Ehrlich adenocarcinoma and benzopyrene sarcoma. Progesteron has a depressing action on respiration and anaerobic glycolysis and an increasing action on aerobic glycolysis of both tumours.
STUDIO ISTOLOGICO SULLA SARCOGENESI SPERIMENTALE DA 20-METILCOLANTRENE IN RATTO ()
Authors: Maltoni C. , Prodi G. 
Published: April 2018

The evolution of tissue reaction around the subcutaneous injection of 20-methylcholanthrene diluted in trioctanin has been studied in the rat from the stage immediately following inoculation to the onset of sarcoma. Such reaction has been compared with the reaction observed around the inoculation of pure solvent. The tissue reaction around the oncogenic substance consists of: An early appearance of cellular foci at a certain distance from the oncogenic solution; these are made of various elements, among which a gradually increasing number of cells of the immature fibroblast type; The formation, around both the oncogenic solution and cellular foci, of a connective tissue with scanty cells which is characterized by an amorphous extracellular component or is irregularly organized in fibres with morphological and histochemical properties far different from those observed in the reaction of tissue around pure solvent. A relationship has been established between this newly - formed connective tissue and the dermal alterations observed by the same authors in the course of epithelial skin cancerogenesis.
L'IMPIEGO DELLA « DIFFUSION CLOUD CHAMBER » QUALE NUOVO METODO PER LA DETERMINAZIONE DELLA RADIOATTIVITA’ NEL CAMPO BIOLOGICO ED ABIOLOGICO
Authors: Pasinetti Antonio , Giori Camillo 
Published: April 2018

A new method for the observation of radioctive biological and abiological substrates by using a diffusion cloud chamber is described. This device has some advantages compared to those employed so far in radiobiology. It permits the naked-eye observation, the photography and the identification of the characteristic of any kind of ionizing particles, regardless of their energies. This diffusion cloud chamber is particularly usefull to study ionizing radiations of low energy. Experiments on vegetal and animal organs, on minerals and fluids have proved to be very satisfactory. Particularly, the presence of the Thorium in the inner organs of a man who died owing to a hepatic sarcoma, after twenty years since he was intravenously inoculated with Thorotrast and the absorption of Uranium salts by « Cicer arietinum » and « Faseolus vulgaris » young small plants, are studied in this work.
OSSERVAZIONI RADIOLOGICHE SUL COMPORTAMENTO DELLE METASTASI PLEURO-POLMONARI E SCHELETRICHE DA CANCRO DELLA MAMMELLA IN SEGUITO AD INTERVENTO CHIRURGICO DI OVARO-SURRENECTOMIA
Authors: Bullo E. , Catania V. C. 
Published: April 2018

Roentgenographical examinations carried out on patients affected with skeletal and pleuro-pulmonary metastases from breast cancer following adreno-oophorectomy are reported. The nature and extent of the roentgenographic changes and the time interval between the operation and their appearance are particularly considered. Such changes consist in: 1) constant and often durable regression of pleural effusion; 2) persistence, generally, of parenchymal nodular manifestations and aggravation of hilar lympangitic processes. In skeletal metastases the changes show a gradual and slow occurrence, consisting at first in slight calcification spots followed by gradual reduction of the osteolytic area from the peripheral to the central zone. A reestablishment of the normal bone structure with osteosclerosis is occasionally observed in some foci, whereas others do not show any changes. The assumption is derived, especially from case of long-term observation, that the reestablishment of bone lesions is followed by a renewal of osteolysis. The examination of the treated cases does not show a correlation between observed changes, patients age and histological type of the primary mammary tumour.
FREQUENZA DEI NUCLEOLI E VARIAZIONI DELLA CROMATINA NELL'EPITELIO GHIANDOLARE MAMMARIO IN CONDIZIONI NORMALI E PATOLOGICHE
Authors: Feletig P. 
Published: April 2018

After a brief description of normal breast nuclei, the nuclear changes observed in benign and malignant neoplastic diseases are reported. No significant alterations have been demonstrated in fibroadenomas, whereas an increase in number and size of nucleoli was seen in those forms histologically classified as adenofibrosis. In these cases, a statistical work carried out on data from nucleoli count suggests that such changes do not have a casual occurrence. In malignant mammary tumours, on the contrary, a caryologic study gave evidence of well manifest and recognizable nuclear alterations both in resting nuclei and mitotic forms. It is concluded for a diagnostical value of the caryologic method in malignant mammary tumours. It is also remarked that nuclear changes similar to those observed in mammary adenofibrosis had already been described in forms clinically considered as precancerous lesions of the blander, skin, portio and ovary.
DIAGNOSI DIFFERENZIALE TRA CA. IN SITU E ALTERAZIONI ETEROPLASTICHE DEL COLLO UTERINO
Authors: Grattarola R. , Sirtori C. 
Published: April 2018

1) The in situ carcinoma is suggested to be a malignant lesion that may be histologically differentiated from carcinomimetic and heteroplastic lesions (epidermizations and hyperplasia of the basal layers, trichomonas lesions). 2) Out of 1500 cases of invasive portio carcinoma, 10 in situ carcinoma have been observed, 4 of which were detected by re-examination of the bioptic material. 3) In these 4 untreated cases an invasive carcinoma developed in a period ranging from 1 year (2 cases) to 3 and 5 years. 4) In the remaining 6 cases, a simple total hysterectomy was performed in 5 patients and radiumtherapy in 1 case in which the carcinoma occurred on the cervical stump. 5) 18 cases of cervical lesions from trichomonas and 3 cases of gravidic changes of the portio are discussed. 6) According to the Authors, the in situ carcinoma requires a radical treatment (conservative total hysterectomy). 7) In cases of marked basal hyperplasia and carcinomimetic forms unresponsive to medical treatment, the cervical conization is suggested both for diagnostic and prophylactic scope.
Ricerca Sperimentale Nel Ratto Sopra L'attivita’ Antiestrogena Della Tiroxina (Valutata in Base a Indagine Colpocitologica)
Authors: di Re F. 
Published: April 2018

Relations between thyroxin and oestrogens are bibliographically reviewed and experimentally studied on rats (14 puberal, 14 impuberal and 13 castrated females were treated for 20 days with oestradiol benzoate, alone or associated with thyroxin, in daily doses varying from 50 to 200 gamma). Differences between animals treated with oestrogen alone and with oestrogen + thyroxin were studied on vaginal smear: acidophilic index, kariopicnotic index and cellular morphology show a clear inhibiting action of thyroxin on oestrogen. Mechanisms of this action are discussed and the conclusion is drawn that thyroxin inhibits directly the oestrogen at the level of the genital tract.
Comportamento dei Sulfidrili del Siero Nelle Neoplasie Maligne
Authors: Paolino W. , Resegotti L. , Sartoris S. 
Published: April 2018

Basing on the significance of sulfhydryl groups in cell metabolism, the behaviour of serum sulfhydryls was studied in various physiological and pathological conditions. The limiting values of the normal ranges were assessed. Pregnancy, fever, anemia, decay of general conditions were not found to cause an abnormal shift in sulfhydryl values. On the other hand, in cancer patients sulfhydryls are often under the normal, although a 26 per cent of normal values may be observed in the presence of clinically demonstrated cancers: hence, the determination of serum sulfhydryls is not of diagnostical value. This different behaviour, likely dependent on the varying rate of sulfhydryls linked to globulins, was not found to be consistent either with the site and extent of the tumour, or with the presence of metastases, or with the duration of the disease.
Il Plasmocitoma: Aspetti Clinico - Radiologici
Authors: Moretti E. 
Published: April 2018

The examination of 18 subjects affected with plasmocytoma showed that the radiological appearance of a punched out osteolytic lacuna is not seen in more than the 20 per cent of the cases. Other radiological pictures (diffuse osteoporosis, cystic and polycystic aspect, perifocal bone thickening) are frequentily observed and, occasionally, the X-ray examination is negative. Fractures have been observed in the 30 per cent of the cases. The differential diagnosis has to be done with: osteoporosis, bony pseudo-lacunae, Brodie's abscess, Ewing tumour, solitary cyst, eosinophilic granuloma, giant cell tumour, bony metastases and fibrous dysplasiae. Stress is laid on the diagnostical value of the marrow biopsy, the seroprotein electrophoretical study, the search of Bence Jones bodies in the urine and the test for P32 urinary output, which was carried out on 5 patients and gave results not always uniform. From the therapeutical viewpoint, scarce results have been obtained with cortisone and X rays, whereas a nitrogen mustard derivative (endoxan) proved to be quite ineffective. 8 cases were treated with P32: in 3 of them the painful symptomatology disappeared for a period ranging from 2 months to 1 year, whereas the bone lesions remained unmodified. On the other hand, a reduction of bone lesions with a slow re-calcification was obtained in one case treated with telecobaltotherapy.
La Localizzazione Vertebrale Del Granuloma Maligno E La Sua Diagnosi Differenziale
Authors: Timossi G. , Verga L. 
Published: April 2018

Basing on 4 personal cases, the radiological pictures of the vertebral localizations of malignant granuloma are illustrated in comparison with other more common vertebral diseases. The following roentgenographical characteristics have been observed: polymorphism, consequent to the frequent concomitance of sclerotic lesions; monostotic nature, expecially at the level of the vertebral body; prevalence of marginal erosive alterations on periostal ones; frequent involvement of the disk which is never completely destroyed; rare neoformations of thin osteophitic bridges. However, being the early diagnosis histologically difficult in case of primary vertebral localization and occasionally hard to obtain even with X-rays investigation, the ascertainment has to be based on a clinical criterion. Data of particular value are: 1) the presence of a painful neurological symptomatology of neuralgic-neuritic type only responsive to X-rays therapy, with trophic and motorial lesions and with impairment of the reflected and sphinteric activity; 2) very high erythrocyte sedimentation rate, marked eosinophilia and tuberculin anergy. The occurrence (although unfrequent) of a primary and temporarily unique vertebral localization justifies the roentgentherapy with ex juvantibus diagnostical criterion.
Attività Adenosintrifosfatasica Mitocondriale Del Sarcoma Galliera E Dei Tessuti Epatico, Muscolare E Renale Di Ratti Portatori
Authors: Nante L. 
Published: April 2018

The adenosinetriphosphatase activity of mitochondria from Galliera sarcomas inoculated into rats has been studied in isotonic medium and without activators. A similar research was carried out in mitochondria from liver, kidney and muscle of tumour-bearing rats. The average enzyme activity of tumour mitochondria was found to be 100,66 mg of inorganic P released in 15' and for mg of N. The activity was statistically diminished in the liver, in relation to a decreased enzyme synthesis (mean values: 155 mg P against 230 mg in the controls), whereas in the kidney and muscle no significant diminution was observed.
Sulle Associazioni Fenotipiche Dei Gruppi Sanguigni ABO Con Il Cancro Gastrico E L'Ulcera Gastrica E Duodenale
Authors: Visconti A. , Tolio A. , Perotti V. 
Published: April 2018

The association of groups ABO with gastric cancer (1333 cases), gastric ulcer (343 cases) and duodenal ulcer (740 cases) has been studied. No correlation has been observed between gastric cancer and blood groups, whereas an heterogenic distribution of blood groups in relation to tumor site could be noted: e. g., group A was found to be associated to antral cancer, and group O to the cancer of the body and of the fundus. A highly significant heterogeneity of distribution of the groups ABO in the different ages was observed in patients bearing gastric ulcer. The correlation between duodenal ulcer and group O has been confirmed. The relative disease incidence for the subjects belonging to this group was demonstrated to be 55 per cent higher than that of group A subjects. No sex influence on groups ABO distribution was observed in the three studied conditions.
Results of 60CO-Teletherapy in Oral Cancer
Authors: Volterrani Fabio , Sigurtà Davide , Uslenghi Carlo , Chiesa Fausto , Molinari Roberto 
Published: April 2018

Our study reports 282 oral cancer cases treated with 60Co-teletherapy (TCT), taken from 736 oral carcinomas treated with radiotherapy on the primary tumor from January 1959 to December 1970. They were mainly locally advanced cases which often had regional node involvement. In fact, during that period, the more advanced cases were submitted to TCT. There were only 9 (3.2 %) patients with T1 lesions, while there were 134 (47.5 %) T2 and 139 (49.3 %) T3, X4 cases; there were respectively 106 (37.6 %) and 44 (15.6 %) N1 or N2 and N3 cases. Almost half of the patients were ≥ 66 years old at onset of the treatment (138/282 cases, or 47.2 %); the women were a small minority (18/282, or 6.4 %). There were 58 (20.6 %) carcinomas of the mucosal surface of the cheeks, 60 cases arising from the retromolar areas, the upper-lower alveolar processes and the hard palate (21.3 %), 72 carcinomas of the mobile portion of the tongue (25.5 %) and 92 arising from the floor of the mouth (32.6 %). All the patients considered in the study were treated with conventional techniques by doses, field dimensions and fractionation. The overall results were objectively disappointing, even though they should be evaluated keepping in mind the nature and the gravity of oral carcinomas submitted to TCT. Actuarial survival at 5 and 10 years from the onset of treatment was respectively 11.6 % and 6.4 %. None of the N1, N3 cases survived beyond the fourth year from onset of the treatment. Long-term survival differs very little in relation to the site of origin in the oral cavity. Nowadays, TCT alone may have only a palliative role in the treatment of oral cancer, reserving it for those cases which, due to their extreme gravity or the various contraindications, do not permit more aggressive treatments. In a combined therapeutic approach the aim of TCT today is to control the minimum disease foci. Its association with surgery appears to be most effective.