bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Fluorescence Enhancement of Tb3+ in the Tb3+‐Trimesic Acid‐Gd3+ Complex: Role of Polynuclear Structures
Authors: Dubey Pankaj , Mukherjee Srijit , Choudhury Angshuman Roy , Viswanathan K. S. 
Published: March 2019

AbstractThe mechanism of fluorescence enhancement of Tb3+ in Tb3+‐trimesic acid‐Gd3+ systems has been explored using dynamic light scattering. In earlier work, the mechanism of fluorescence enhancement of Tb3+ in these systems was proposed to be due to the formation of a polynuclear complex involving Tb3+, trimesic acid and Gd3+. However, no direct experimental evidence was presented for the mechanism in that work. In this work, we have used dynamic light scattering (DLS), to measure changes in the mean hydrodynamic diameter (Zavg) of the Tb3+‐trimesic acid‐Gd3+ complex, as a function of time. The Zavg was found to increase monotonically as a function of time, indicating a continuous growth in the particle size. The Eu3+‐β‐diketones‐Gd3+ system also shows enhancement of Eu3+ fluorescence; though a different mechanism was believed to be operating in this case; namely intermolecular energy transfer. If the two systems followed different mechanisms for fluorescence enhancement, the Eu3+‐β‐diketones‐Gd3+ system, is expected to show a different time evolution of particle size. The DLS study showed that the Zavg increased rapidly to a maximum value and then remained nearly constant throughout our measurements; that is, no gradual increase in Zavg was seen as in the Tb3+‐trimesic acid‐Gd3+ system. These DLS studies of the Tb3+‐trimesic acid‐Gd3+ and Eu3+‐β‐diketones‐Gd3+ systems, therefore confirms that different mechanisms of fluorescence enhancement are operative in the two systems.
A Chemodosimeter Exhibiting Fluorescence “Turn‐On” Response to Detect Copper(II) Ions: Cell Imaging and Logic Function
Authors: Gupta Ramesh C. , Dwivedi Sushil K. , Razi Syed S. , Singh Priya , Koch Biplob , Misra Arvind 
Published: March 2019

AbstractIn the present work the photophysical properties of a chemodosimeter, 2‐[4’‐(N,N’‐dimethylamino‐biphenyl)‐4‐methylene]‐iminophenol, 5 has been explored to recognize Cu2+ ion selectively through naked eye sensitive fluorescence “turn‐on” response. The observed fluorescence enhancement (∼58 fold) and rise in quantum yield (34%) with rapid response time is attributed to the hydrolysis of aldimine function in the presence of copper. The cell imaging studies showed that chemodosimeter, 5 is well‐suited to detect Cu2+ intracellularly. Additionally, the “Off–On” switching behavior of 5 has been utilized to mimic the function of a sequential logic circuit at molecular level.
A Suite of Strategies for Navigating Graphic Novels: A Dual Coding Approach
Authors: McClanahan Barbara J. , Nottingham Maribeth 
Published: March 2019

AbstractAs reasons to promote the inclusion of graphic novels in the curriculum expand, many teachers have yet to incorporate graphic novels into their teaching repertoire. In this article, two teacher educators describe a systematic approach that they use to teach preservice teachers how to read graphic novels, focusing on specific strategies in three major areas: visual literacy, key graphic novel vocabulary, and synthesizing images and words. The goal is to promote the use of graphic novels by preservice teachers for multiple purposes in future classrooms. These strategies are shared to encourage inservice teachers to develop a level of comfort with graphic novels by systematically trying out the strategies themselves and considering the addition of graphic novels to their curriculum.
Reference ranges for uterine vein dimensions in non‐pregnant women with normal pelvic organs
Authors: Amin T. N. , Wong M. , Pointer S. , Goodhart V. , Bean E. , Jurkovic D. 
Published: March 2019

ABSTRACTObjectiveTo establish reference ranges for uterine vein (UtV) diameters in non‐pregnant women with normal pelvic organs.MethodsThis was a prospective study of all women attending the general gynecological clinic of a university teaching hospital in the UK, between August 2015 and December 2016. All women aged ≥ 18 years underwent a transvaginal ultrasound examination in accordance with the study protocol. In women with normal pelvic organs, the largest trunk of the uterine venous plexus was identified in the transverse plane on each side. The maximum anteroposterior vessel diameter was measured by placing the calipers on the inner walls of the vein, and the mean of three measurements was used as the representative value. Inter‐ and intraobserver variability was assessed in a subgroup of 30 women. Maximum UtV diameter was compared between right and left UtVs and between pre‐ and postmenopausal women. Factors associated with UtV diameter were assessed and reference ranges were constructed.ResultsOf 1500 women examined, 486 (32%) had normal pelvic organs on ultrasound scan and were included in the final analysis. In all women, the uterine venous trunk was clearly visualized and there was no significant difference between the maximum median left and right UtV diameters (P = 0.37). UtV diameters were generally lower in postmenopausal, compared with premenopausal, women, with the difference being statistically significant for the right UtV and the average of left and right UtVs. There was a gradual increase in UtV diameter with advancing age, with a peak observed in women aged 41–50 years and decreasing values in older age groups. Univariable analysis showed that parity, menopausal status and age were associated significantly with UtV diameters (P < 0.01). On multivariable analysis, only higher parity was significantly associated with increasing venous size in both pre‐ and postmenopausal women. Reference ranges were constructed separately for nulliparous and parous premenopausal women aged between 18 and 45 years.ConclusionUtVs can be identified and measured consistently in all women with normal pelvic organs using transvaginal ultrasound. Parity was the main factor influencing the maximum mean UtV diameter, which had to be taken into account when constructing reference ranges. Copyright © 2019 ISUOG. Published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd.
Human chorionic gonadotropin and risk of pre‐eclampsia: prospective population‐based cohort study
Authors: Barjaktarovic M. , Korevaar T. I. M. , Jaddoe V. W. V. , de Rijke Y. B. , Peeters R. P. , Steegers E. A. P. 
Published: March 2019

ABSTRACTObjectivesAbnormal placentation in early pregnancy may play a role in the pathogenesis of pre‐eclampsia. Human chorionic gonadotropin (hCG) regulates placental development and angiogenesis and may affect the ratio of soluble fms‐like tyrosine kinase‐1 (sFlt‐1) and placental growth factor (PlGF) in the serum. The aims of this study were to investigate the association of total hCG with the risk of pre‐eclampsia and to examine the potential effect of pro‐ and anti‐angiogenic factors on this association.MethodsThis was a population‐based prospective cohort study of 7754 women with a singleton pregnancy. Total hCG was measured in the first available sample (median gestational age, 14.4 weeks; 95% range, 10.1–26.1 weeks) and sFlt‐1 and PlGF concentrations in early (< 18 weeks; median, 13.2 weeks; 95% range, 9.6–17.6 weeks) and in mid‐ (18–25 weeks; median, 20.4 weeks; 95% range, 18.5–23.5 weeks) pregnancy. We tested the association of hCG concentration and risk of pre‐eclampsia using regression analysis, adjusting for maternal age, ethnicity, body mass index, parity, education level, smoking status and fetal sex. Additionally, we assessed whether this association was affected by the sFlt‐1/PlGF ratio.ResultsHigh hCG concentration was associated with a 1.5–2.7‐fold increased risk of pre‐eclampsia (P = 0.0001), depending on the cut‐off used, and with increased sFlt‐1/PlGF ratio during early pregnancy (P < 0.0001). The association between high hCG and pre‐eclampsia attenuated by roughly 40% after adjustment for early‐pregnancy sFlt‐1/PlGF ratio (β‐estimate change from 0.19 ± 0.10 (P = 0.052) to 0.12 ± 0.10 (P = 0.22)).ConclusionsHigh total hCG concentration in early pregnancy is associated with an increased risk of pre‐eclampsia. The effect of high hCG concentration on the balance between pro‐ and anti‐angiogenic factors during pregnancy may have a role in the pathophysiology of pre‐eclampsia. © 2019 The Authors. Ultrasound in Obstetrics & Gynecology published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd on behalf of the International Society of Ultrasound in Obstetrics and Gynecology.
Symmetry enhancement interpolation, non-commutativity and Double Field Theory
Authors: Aldazabal G. , Andrés E. , Mayo M. , Penas V. 
Published: March 2019

AbstractWe present a moduli dependent target space effective field theory action for (truncated) heterotic string toroidal compactifications. When moving continuously along moduli space, the stringy gauge symmetry enhancement-breaking effects, which occur at particular points of moduli space, are reproduced.Besides the expected fields, originating in the ten dimensional low energy effective theory, new vector and scalar fields are included. These fields depend on “double periodic coordinates” as usually introduced in Double Field Theory. Their mode expansion encodes information about string states, carrying winding and KK momenta, associated to gauge symmetry enhancements. It is found that a non-commutative product, which introduces an intrinsic non-commutativity on the compact target space, is required in order to make contact with string theory amplitude results.
RETRACTED ARTICLE: Sulforaphane potentially attenuates arsenic-induced nephrotoxicity via the PI3K/Akt/Nrf2 pathway in albino Wistar rats
Authors: Thangapandiyan Shanmugam , Ramesh Mathan , Miltonprabu Selvaraj , Hema Tamilselvan , Jothi Gunasekaran Bavithra , Nandhini Venkatesan 
Published: March 2019

AbstractOxidative stress plays a significant role in the pathophysiology of numerous kidney diseases, generally mediated by reactive oxygen species (ROS). Arsenic (Ar) is known to exert its toxicity through the generation of ROS and inflammation. The current study investigates the protective effects of sulforaphane (SFN) against arsenic-induced renal damage via PI3K/Akt-mediated Nrf2 pathway signaling. Thirty-two male albino Wistar rats were randomly divided into four groups of eight animals each, designated as control, arsenic (Ar), sulforaphane plus Ar (SFN+Ar), and sulforaphane alone (SFN), with oral administration of Ar (5 mg/kg BW) and SFN (80 mg/kg BW) daily for 28 days. Ar administration significantly (P < 0.05) increased the levels of ROS, OHdG, Ar accumulation, and lipid peroxidation, and decreased levels of enzymatic and nonenzymatic antioxidants. Notably, a significant (P < 0.05) increase was observed in markers of apoptosis, DNA damage, TUNEL-positive cells, and dark staining of ICAM-1 in renal tissue with decreased PI3K/Akt/Nrf2 gene expression. The biochemical findings were supported by histopathological and electron microscopy evaluation, which showed severe renal damage in rats treated with Ar. Pretreatment with SFN significantly (P < 0.05) attenuated renal ROS, OHdG, lipid peroxidation, and DNA damage, and increased phase II antioxidants via PI3K/Akt-mediated Nrf2 activation in renal tissue. These results show that dietary supplementation with SFN protects against Ar-induced nephrotoxicity via the PI3K/Akt-mediated Nrf2 signaling pathway in the rat kidney.
Anatomy of Mine Rescue Teams’ Casualty Incidents: A Basis for Medical Emergency Preparedness and Injury Prevention
Authors: Li Leilei , Guo Deyong , Wang Yi , Wang Ke , Lian Runan 
Published: March 2019

ABSTRACTObjectiveMine rescue teams bear a high risk of injury. To improve medical emergency preparedness and injury prevention, this work analyzed the causes and severity of mine rescue teams’ casualty incidents, the primary injuries, and the link between the causes and the occurrences of the casualty incidents.MethodsA total of 81 cases from 1953 to 2013 were used to analyze the casualty incidents of mine rescue teams based on the frequency of accidents. A panel with 4 rescue experts was set up to ensure the accuracy of the analysis.ResultsThe 81 casualty incidents occurred in 7 types of rescue work and were due to 6 causes. Organizational and personal factors were the leading cause, followed by rescue skill and equipment factors. Problems with decision-making and command have gradually become the primary inducement of casualty incidents in recent years, with an average death toll reaching up to 6 to 7 people. The main injuries causing death to team members were blast injury, burns, poisoning, suffocation, blunt trauma, and overwork injury. Some of the injured died because of medical emergency response failure.ConclusionThe construction of emergency medical teams and the preparedness of disaster medicine need to be improved to reduce the mortality of the injured team members. Actions according to the causes of casualty incidents should be adopted for injury prevention. (Disaster Med Public Health Preparedness. 2019;13:695–699)
Current Status of Disaster Preparedness of Pharmacies and Differences in Disaster Awareness Based on Pharmacy Size
Authors: Ozeki Kayoko , Ojima Toshiyuki 
Published: March 2019

ABSTRACTObjectiveThe prevention of deaths caused indirectly by disasters is important, especially for evacuees requiring medication. Pharmacies play a major role in providing medication to disaster victims. Therefore, this study evaluated the current status of disaster preparedness among pharmacies, the extent of disaster awareness and knowledge of disaster mitigation measures, and any associations of these with the characteristics of pharmacies.MethodsQuestionnaires about disaster preparedness were sent to 337 pharmacies in Japan, in a region at high risk of major earthquakes. Tabulation analyses were carried out to examine the characteristics of pharmacies and then a logistic regression analysis was performed to examine the relationship between disaster awareness and the level of preparedness of pharmacies. Furthermore, to examine in detail any differences associated with pharmacy size, subgroup analyses were performed.ResultsHigh disaster awareness was significantly correlated with adequate disaster preparedness. However, in the subgroup analyses, no significant differences were observed among large pharmacies. In contrast, disaster awareness was significantly related to the disaster preparedness of small pharmacies.ConclusionThe findings suggest that the disaster preparedness of pharmacies is related to the level of disaster awareness, highlighting the importance of disaster awareness activities in ordinary times before a disaster. (Disaster Med Public Health Preparedness. 2019;13:753–757)
On standing gravity wave-depression cavity collapse and jetting
Authors: Krishna Raja D. , Das S. P. , Hopfinger E. J. 
Published: March 2019

Parametrically forced gravity waves can give rise to high-velocity surface jets via the wave-depression cavity implosion. The present results have been obtained in circular cylindrical containers of 10 and 15 cm in diameter (Bond number of order $10^{3}$) in the large fluid depth limit. First, the phase diagrams of instability threshold and wave breaking conditions are determined for the working fluid used, here water with 1 % detergent added. The collapse of the wave-depression cavity is found to be self-similar. The exponent $\unicode[STIX]{x1D6FC}$ of the variation of the cavity radius $r_{m}$ with time $\unicode[STIX]{x1D70F}$, in the form $r_{m}/R\propto \unicode[STIX]{x1D70F}^{\unicode[STIX]{x1D6FC}}$, is close to 0.5, indicative of inertial collapse, followed by a viscous cut-off of $\unicode[STIX]{x1D6FC}\approx 1$. This supports a Froude number scaling of the surface jet velocity caused by cavity collapse. The dimensionless jet velocity scales with the cavity depth that is shown to be proportional to the last stable wave amplitude. It can be expressed by a power law or in terms of finite time singularity related to a singular wave amplitude that sets the transition from a non-pinching to pinch-off cavity collapse scenario. In terms of forcing amplitude, cavity collapse and jetting are found to occur in bands of events of non-pinching and pinching of a bubble at the cavity base. At large forcing amplitudes, incomplete cavity collapse and splashing can occur and, at even larger forcing amplitudes, wave growth is again stable up to the singular wave amplitude. When the cavity is formed, an impulse model shows the importance of the singular cavity diameter that determines the strength of the impulse.
A theoretical framework for investigating the context for creating employment success in information technology for individuals with autism
Authors: Annabi Hala , Locke Jill 
Published: March 2019

AbstractThere is limited research that addresses the inclusion of individuals with autism in the workforce. Autism employment in information technology (IT) is a new phenomenon and there is no established theory to draw from to investigate this phenomenon. In this paper, we review the existing literature on autism employment and present a theoretical framework to study information technology workplace readiness to equitably include individuals with autism. Our proposed framework extends Annabi and Lebovitz’s organizational interventions mitigating individual barriers theoretical framework to include Ajzen’s Theory of Planned Behavior constructs. The framework will contribute to advancing the knowledge and understanding of the needs of individuals with autism, the knowledge and attitudes of neurotypical information technology employees, and organization and employment characteristics. Ultimately, this work will lead to discoveries that broaden participation of individuals with autism in the information technology industry and beyond.
Dietary determinants of hepatic fat content and insulin resistance in overweight/obese children: a cross-sectional analysis of the Prevention of Diabetes in Kids (PREDIKID) study
Authors: Arenaza Lide , Medrano María , Oses Maddi , Huybrechts Inge , Díez Ignacio , Henriksson Hanna , Labayen Idoia 
Published: March 2019

AbstractPaediatric non-alcoholic fatty liver disease has increased in parallel with childhood obesity. Dietary habits, particularly products rich in sugars, may influence both hepatic fat and insulin resistance (homeostatic model assessment for insulin resistance (HOMA-IR)). The aim of the study was to examine the association of the consumption of foods and food components, dairy desserts and substitutes (DDS), sugar-sweetened beverages (SSB), as well as total and added sugars, with hepatic fat and HOMA-IR. Dietary intake (two non-consecutive 24 h-recalls), hepatic fat (MRI) and HOMA-IR were assessed in 110 overweight/obese children (10·6 (sd 1·1) years old). Linear regression analyses were used to examine the association of dietary intake with hepatic fat and HOMA-IR adjusted for potential confounders (sex, age, energy intake, maternal educational level, total and abdominal adiposity and sugar intake). The results showed that there was a negative association between cereal intake and hepatic fat (β=–0·197, P<0·05). In contrast, both SSB consumption (β=0·217; P=0·028) and sugar in SSB (β=0·210, P=0·035), but not DDS or sugar in DDS or other dietary components, were positively associated with hepatic fat regardless of potential confounders including total sugar intake. In conclusion, cereal intake might decrease hepatic fat, whereas SSB consumption and its sugar content may increase the likelihood of having hepatic steatosis. Although these observations need to be confirmed using experimental evidence, these results suggest that healthy lifestyle intervention programs are needed to improve dietary habits as well as to increase the awareness of the detrimental effects of SSB consumption early in life.
Associations of calcium and dairy product intakes with all-cause, all-cancer, colorectal cancer and CHD mortality among older women in the Iowa Women’s Health Study
Authors: Um Caroline Y. , Prizment Anna , Hong Ching-Ping , Lazovich DeAnn , Bostick Roberd M. 
Published: March 2019

AbstractCa and dairy product intakes may be inversely associated with all-cause and cause-specific mortality, and non-Ca components of dairy products, such as insulin-like growth factor-1, may be independently associated with mortality. We investigated associations of Ca and dairy product intakes with all-cause, all-cancer, colorectal cancer (CRC) and CHD mortality among 35 221 55- to 69-year-old women in the prospective Iowa Women’s Health Study, who were cancer-free in 1986. We assessed diet using a Willett FFQ, and associations using multivariable Cox proportional hazards regression. We estimated residuals from linear regression models of dairy products with dietary Ca to investigate total and specific dairy products independent of their Ca content. Through 2012, 18 687 participants died, including 4665 from cancer (including 574 from CRC) and 3603 from CHD. For those in the highest relative to the lowest quintiles of intake, the multivariable-adjusted hazard ratios (HR) and 95 % CI for total Ca (dietary plus supplemental) were 0·88 (0·83, 0·93; P trend=0·001) for all-cause mortality, 0·91 (0·81, 1·02; P trend=0·34) for all-cancer mortality, 0·60 (0·43, 0·83; P trend=0·002) for CRC mortality and 0·73 (0·64, 0·83; P trend <0·0001) for CHD mortality. The corresponding HR for associations of whole milk, whole milk residuals, and low-/non-fat milk residuals with all-cause mortality were 1·20 (95 % CI 1·13, 1·27), 1·20 (95 % CI 1·13, 1·28) and 0·91 (95 % CI 0·86, 0·96), respectively. These results suggest that Ca may be associated with lower risk of all-cause, CRC and CHD mortality, and that non-Ca components of milk may be independently associated with mortality.
Dietary α-lactalbumin alters energy balance, gut microbiota composition and intestinal nutrient transporter expression in high-fat diet-fed mice
Authors: Boscaini Serena , Cabrera-Rubio Raul , Speakman John R. , Cotter Paul D. , Cryan John F. , Nilaweera Kanishka N. 
Published: March 2019

AbstractRecently there has been a considerable rise in the frequency of metabolic diseases, such as obesity, due to changes in lifestyle and resultant imbalances between energy intake and expenditure. Whey proteins are considered as potentially important components of a dietary solution to the obesity problem. However, the roles of individual whey proteins in energy balance remain poorly understood. This study investigated the effects of a high-fat diet (HFD) containing α-lactalbumin (LAB), a specific whey protein, or the non-whey protein casein (CAS), on energy balance, nutrient transporters expression and enteric microbial populations. C57BL/6J mice (n 8) were given an HFD containing either 20 % CAS or LAB as protein sources or a low-fat diet containing CAS for 10 weeks. HFD-LAB-fed mice showed a significant increase in cumulative energy intake (P=0·043), without differences in body weight, energy expenditure, locomotor activity, RER or subcutaneous and epididymal white adipose tissue weight. HFD-LAB intake led to a decrease in the expression of glut2 in the ileum (P=0·05) and in the fatty acid transporter cd36 (P<0·001) in both ileum and jejunum. This suggests a reduction in absorption efficiency within the small intestine in the HFD-LAB group. DNA from faecal samples was used for 16S rRNA-based assessment of intestinal microbiota populations; the genera Lactobacillus, Parabacteroides and Bifidobacterium were present in significantly higher proportions in the HFD-LAB group. These data indicate a possible functional relationship between gut microbiota, intestinal nutrient transporters and energy balance, with no impact on weight gain.