bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The vaginal microbial communities of healthy expectant Brazilian mothers and its correlation with the newborn’s gut colonization
Authors: Dobbler Priscila , Mai Volker , Procianoy Renato S. , Silveira Rita C. , Corso Andréa L. , Roesch Luiz Fernando Wurdig 
Published: October 2019

AbstractThe female lower genital tract harbors a complex microbial community essential for homeostasis and health. During pregnancy, the female body undergoes unique hormonal changes that contribute to weight gain as well as modulations in immune function that can affect microbiota composition. Several studies have described the vaginal microbiota of pregnant women from the USA, Europe and Mexico. Here we expand our knowledge about the vaginal microbial communities during the third trimester to healthy expectant Brazilian mothers. Vaginal samples were collected from patients delivering at the Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre, Brazil. Microbial DNA was isolated from samples and the V4 region of the 16S rRNA gene was amplified and sequenced using the PGM Ion Torrent. Brazilian pregnant women presented three distinct types of microbial community at the time of labor. Two microbial communities, Cluster 1 and Cluster 3, presented an overall dominance ofLactobacilluswhile Cluster 2 tended to present higher diversity and richness, with the presence ofPseudomonas,Prevotellaand other vaginosis related bacteria. About half of the Brazilian mothers sampled here had dominance ofL. iners. The proportion of mothers without dominance of anyLactobacilluswas higher in Brazil (22%) compared to UK (2.4%) and USA, where this community type was not detected. The vaginal microbiota showed significant correlation with the composition of the babies’ gut microbiota (p-value = 0.002 with a R2of 15.8%). Mothers presenting different vaginal microbiota shared different microorganisms with their newborns, which would reflect on initial colonizers of the developing newborns’ gut.
Effect of the NH4NO3 Addition on the Low-T NH3-SCR Performances of Individual and Combined Fe- and Cu-Zeolite Catalysts
Authors: Villamaina R. , Nova I. , Tronconi E. , Maunula T. , Keenan M. 
Published: October 2019

Abstract
We have measured NOx conversions and N2O productions over Fe-BEA and Cu-SAPO catalysts and over their sequential arrangements under Enhanced SCR conditions, resulting from the addition of an aqueous solution of ammonium nitrate (AN) to the typical Standard SCR feed stream, and we have compared them to those observed under Standard and Fast SCR conditions. The expected strong enhancement of the poor low temperature activity of the Fe-BEA catalyst was confirmed: both NH3 and NOx conversions and N2O formations similar to those of the Fast SCR reaction were achieved when cofeeding ammonium nitrate. On the other hand, the Cu-SAPO efficiency was drastically decreased by the addition of AN at low temperatures, possibly due to trapping of the ammonium nitrate salt within the SAPO zeolite, characterized by smaller pores than those of the BEA zeolite. The Cu-SAPO performances were recovered only at T > 250 °C with a huge release of N2O due to the thermal decomposition of AN. The combined system with the Fe-zeolite sample placed upstream of the Cu-zeolite also exhibited outstanding low temperature deNOx performances, with even lower N2O production than over the Fe-zeolite only at the same Enhanced SCR (E-SCR) conditions.
Les ghettos juifs d’Italie à travers lejus chazakah: Un espace contraint mais négocié
Authors: Gasperoni Michaël 
Published: October 2019

RésumésLa ségrégation des juifs dans des ghettos, qui s’imposa comme une véritable technique de gouvernement dans certains États de la péninsule italienne à partir duxvie siècle, avait, pour les acteurs juifs et chrétiens, de nombreuses implications souvent imbriquées : politiques et idéologiques, économiques et sociales, spatiales, institutionnelles et juridiques. Discriminés et assignés à résidence dans des quartiers séparés et circonscrits, les juifs étaient notamment condamnés à devenir d’éternels locataires de leurs habitations. En effet, la ghettoïsation allait presque partout de pair avec un certain nombre de discriminations, comme l’interdiction de posséder les immeubles. De cette situation particulière émergea un droit particulier, lejus chazakah. Cette forme de propriété dissociée, que cet article se propose d’appréhender à travers une approche comparative où Rome et les États de l’Église occupent une place centrale, constitue un véritable laboratoire pour étudier aussi bien l’histoire d’une minorité que son rapport au groupe majoritaire et, plus largement, la complexité même des sociétés d’Ancien Régime. Le ghetto était un espace certes contraint et contraignant, mais toujours négocié par des minorités juives capables de mobiliser les différentes ressources économiques et juridiques à leur disposition pour négocier leurs droits, et ce même dans un contexte de plus en plus hostile.
Richard Wagner et la portée de son antisémitisme (note critique)
Authors: Menger Pierre-Michel 
Published: October 2019

RésumésDans l’immense bibliothèque des travaux sur Richard Wagner, les recherches consacrées à la judéophobie et à l’antisémitisme du compositeur ont progressé en plusieurs vagues, à partir de la fin des années 1960. Les controverses ont été et demeurent vives pour qualifier l’idéologie wagnérienne, pour cerner ses liens avec son œuvre musicale et pour tirer les leçons de l’amplification nationaliste et antisémite du culte wagnérien par le régime nazi. L’ouvrage du musicologue Jean-Jacques Nattiez, Wagner antisémite, offre un vaste bilan et comble une lacune majeure de la bibliographie des écrits wagnériens de langue française. Après avoir rappelé comment a émergé le traitement historiographique et musicologique de l’antisémitisme wagnérien, dont cet ouvrage fait un inventaire critique, sont examinés dans cet article quatre problèmes centraux auxquels conduit la lecture de Nattiez : les ressorts de la contextualisation de l’idéologie wagnérienne dans l’Allemagne et l’Europe du xixe siècle ; les services rendus à l’hubris créatrice de Wagner par son engagement antisémite et nationaliste ; le rôle joué par les descendants dépositaires du patrimoine artistique et institutionnel de Wagner dans la propulsion de l’antisémitisme jusque sous l’ère nazie, puis, après 1945, dans l’inversion progressive et, aujourd’hui, radicalement critique des positions ; la porosité entre les écrits antisémites de Wagner et sa production lyrique, qui appelle une réinterprétation de la question de l’autonomie de l’art.
Exploiter des techniques cinélégales pour mieux ressentir les effets qu’a la réglementation sur les personnes en situation d’itinérance
Authors: Bouclin Suzanne 
Published: October 2019

RésuméDans cet article, nous empruntons le vocabulaire des études cinématographiques pour visualiser le droit tel qu’il est utilisé, interprété et construit du point de vue des personnes en situation d’itinérance. Nous avançons que les modalités du droit s’expriment différemment dans les lois élaborées pour règlementer les personnes en situation d’itinérance. Les techniques cinélégales que nous proposons sont au fond des métaphores qui permettent de mieux nuancer les représentations sceptiques et instrumentalistes du droit. Ces façons d’éprouver la réglementation des personnes itinérantes peuvent également favoriser l’incarnation de la perception des interactions urbaines entre les personnes en situation d’itinérance et leurs interlocuteurs.
Dysfunctional beliefs as mediators between illness-related intrusive thoughts and health anxiety symptoms
Authors: Arnáez Sandra , García-Soriano Gemma , López-Santiago Jose , Belloch Amparo 
Published: October 2019

AbstractBackground:Cognitive behavioural models of hypochondriasis assume that dysfunctional illness-related beliefs are involved in the genesis and maintenance of the disorder. The role that other more general dysfunctional beliefs about thoughts play in this disorder has also been highlighted. Internal triggers such as illness-related intrusive thoughts could activate these beliefs.Aim:The present paper examines whether general dysfunctional beliefs about distressing thoughts, such as intolerance of uncertainty, over-estimation of threat, and thought-action fusion-likelihood, mediate between illness-related intrusive thoughts and health anxiety symptoms.Method:A group of participants composed of individuals with hypochondriasis (n = 31; 51.5% women; mean age = 32.74 years, SD = 9.96) and community individuals (n = 219; 54.3% women; mean age = 39.56 years, SD = 15.20) completed a series of questionnaires to assess illness-related intrusive thoughts (INPIE), dysfunctional beliefs about thoughts (OBSI-R), and health anxiety symptoms (SHAI).Results:Results from a multiple parallel mediation analysis indicate that over-estimation of threat partially mediated the relationship between illness-related intrusive thoughts and health anxiety symptoms.Conclusions:The results support the importance of the tendency to over-estimate the threat in the relationship between intrusive thoughts related to illness contents and health anxiety. Conceptual and clinical implications of these results are discussed.
New Insights into the Ultrastructure of Bioapatite After Partial Dissolution: Based on Whale Rostrum, the Densest Bone
Authors: Tang Lingyi , Zhang Li , Yue Michael , Tian Da , Su Mu , Li Zhen 
Published: October 2019

AbstractMineral particles in bone are interlaced with collagen fibrils, hindering the investigation of bioapatite crystallites (BAp). This study utilized a special whale rostrum (the most highly mineralized bone ever recorded) to measure the crystallites of bone BAp via long-term dissolution in water. The BAp in the rostrum has a low solubility (6.7 ppm Ca and 3.8 ppm P after 150 days dissolution) as well as in normal bones, which leads to its Ksp value of ~10−53. Atomic force microscopy results show tightly compacted mineral crystallites and confirm the low amount of collagen in the rostrum. Additionally, the mineral crystallites demonstrate irregular plate-like shapes with variable sizes. The small crystallites (~11 × 24 nm) are easily detached from BAp prisms, compared with the large crystallites (~50 nm). Moreover, various orientations of crystallites are observed on the edge of the prisms, which suggest a random direction of mineral growth. Furthermore, these plate-like crystallites prefer to be stacked layer by layer under weak regulation from collagen. The morphology of rostrum after dissolution provides new insights into the actual morphology of BAp crystallites.
Abrupt Bølling‐Allerød Warming Simulated under Gradual Forcing of the Last Deglaciation
Authors: Obase Takashi , Abe‐Ouchi Ayako 
Published: October 2019

AbstractDuring the last deglaciation, a major global warming trend was punctuated by abrupt climate changes, likely related to Atlantic meridional overturning circulation (AMOC). One problem is that an abrupt increase in the AMOC during the Bølling‐Allerød (BA) transition occurred when the melting of Northern Hemisphere ice sheets was significant, which tended to weaken the AMOC. Here, from transient simulations of the last deglaciation using an atmosphere‐ocean general circulation model, we show that an abrupt increase in the AMOC during the BA transition could occur without reduction in glacial meltwater. The abrupt increase in the AMOC accompanied abrupt warming in Greenland and sea ice retreat in the North Atlantic, consistent with proxies and previous modeling studies. The results imply that abrupt BA warming during the middle stage of the last deglaciation was a response to gradual warming under the presence of meltwater from continental ice sheets.
Conjunction Observations of Energetic Oxygen Ions O+ Accumulated in the Sequential Flux Ropes in the High‐Altitude Cusp
Authors: Duan Suping , Dai Lei , Wang Chi , Cai Chunlin , He Zhaohai , Zhang Yongcun , Reme H. , Dandouras I. 
Published: October 2019

AbstractConjunction observations of the magnetic field and plasma by Cluster and TC‐1 at the dayside magnetosphere are presented to investigate the sequential flux ropes transferred from the low latitude boundary layer to the high‐altitude cusp on 10 March 2004.Three sequential flux ropes originating from the dayside low latitude magnetopause are first detected by TC‐1. After ~5.3 min, three sequential flux ropes accumulated with energetic oxygen ions are also detected by Cluster in the high‐altitude cusp. The recurrence period of these flux ropes is ~3 min. The number density of energetic oxygen ions in the cusp flux rope is ~0.25 cm−3 detected from CIS/CODF instrument on Cluster. It is found that oxygen ions with energy lager than 10 keV have a narrow pitch angle (less than 90°) distribution in the southern high‐altitude cusp. While oxygen ions with energy less than 10 keV are distributed in a wide pitch angle from 0 to 180°. Counter‐streaming energetic oxygen ions are found in these flux ropes in the high‐altitude cusp.This result suggests that the oxygen ions with energy less than 10 keV in the high‐altitude cusp have two source regions. One is from the dayside magnetopause, and the other is from the low‐altitude cusp. Our investigations first provide evidence that flux ropes at dayside low‐latitude magnetopause can carry energetic oxygen ions into the high‐altitude cusp region.
The Role of Collapsed Bank Soil on Tidal Channel Evolution: A Process‐Based Model Involving Bank Collapse and Sediment Dynamics
Authors: Zhao K. , Gong Z. , Xu F. , Zhou Z. , Zhang C. K. , Perillo G. M. E. , Coco G. 
Published: October 2019

AbstractWe develop a process‐based model to simulate the geomorphodynamic evolution of tidal channels, considering hydrodynamics, flow‐induced bank erosion, gravity‐induced bank collapse, and sediment dynamics. A stress‐deformation analysis and the Mohr‐Coulomb criterion, calibrated through previous laboratory experiments, are included in a model simulating bank collapse. Results show that collapsed bank soil plays a primary role in the dynamics of bank retreat. For bank collapse with small bank height, tensile failure in the middle of the bank (Stage I), tensile failure on the bank top (Stage II), and sectional cracking from bank top to the toe (Stage III) are present sequentially before bank collapse occurs. A significant linear relation is observed between bank height and the contribution of bank collapse to bank retreat. Contrary to flow‐induced bank erosion, bank collapse prevents further widening since the collapsed bank soil protects the bank from direct bank erosion. The bank profile is linear or slightly convex, and the planimetric shape of tidal channels (gradually decreasing in width landward) is similar when approaching equilibrium, regardless of the consideration of bank erosion and collapse. Moreover, the simulated width‐to‐depth ratio in all runs is comparable with observations from the Venice Lagoon. This indicates that the equilibrium configuration of tidal channels depends on hydrodynamic conditions and sediment properties, while bank erosion and collapse greatly affect the transient behavior (before equilibrium) of the tidal channels. Overall, this contribution highlights the importance of collapsed bank soil in investigating tidal channel morphodynamics using a combined perspective of geotechnics and soil mechanics.
Monozygotic twins with neuroblastoma MS have a similar molecular profile: a case of twin-to-twin metastasis
Authors: Shatara Margaret , Xavier Ana C. , Dombkowski Alan , Cukovic Daniela , Poulik Janet M. , Altinok Deniz , Ge Yubin , Taub Jeffrey W. 
Published: October 2019

Abstract
Fetoplacental neuroblastoma metastasis has been postulated as a mechanism accounting for concordant cases where one twin develops a primary tumour and the second twin manifests the disease without an identifiable primary site. These tumours may originate and spread concomitantly due to the same genetic background shared by monozygotic twins. This study investigated the molecular profile of stage MS neuroblastoma presenting concomitantly in monozygotic twins. Comparative genomic hybridisation (aCGH) was done for each of the twin liver tumour and peripheral blood samples at diagnosis. Comparison of copy-number variation (CNV) regions revealed a set of CNVs that were common to both tumour specimens and not apparent in the blood. The CNV signature in both twins’ tumours was highly similar, suggesting a common clonal origin. Additional findings included large deletion of chromosome 10 and amplification of chromosome 17. Notably, both liver samples had amplification of a short region involving DEIN (chromosome 4q34.1). Similar CNVs strongly support a common clonal origin and metastatic spread from one twin to the other. DEIN is a long-coding RNA (IncRNA) that has been found highly expressed in stage MS neuroblastoma and is likely involved in biological processes such as cell migration and metastasis.
Ca2+-dependent recruitment of voltage-gated sodium channels underlies bilirubin-induced overexcitation and neurotoxicity
Authors: Shi Hao-Song , Lai Ke , Yin Xin-Lu , Liang Min , Ye Hai-Bo , Shi Hai-Bo , Wang Lu-Yang , Yin Shan-Kai 
Published: October 2019

AbstractNeonatal jaundice is prevalent among newborns and can lead to severe neurological deficits, particularly sensorimotor dysfunction. Previous studies have shown that bilirubin (BIL) enhances the intrinsic excitability of central neurons and this can potentially contribute to their overexcitation, Ca2+ overload, and neurotoxicity. However, the cellular mechanisms underlying elevated neuronal excitability remain unknown. By performing patch-clamp recordings from neonatal neurons in the rat medial vestibular nucleus (MVN), a crucial relay station for locomotor and balance control, we found that BIL (3 μM) drastically increases the spontaneous firing rates by upregulating the current-mediated voltage-gated sodium channels (VGSCs), while shifting their voltage-dependent activation toward more hyperpolarized potentials. Immunofluorescence labeling and western immunoblotting with an anti-NaV1.1 antibody, revealed that BIL elevates the expression of VGSCs by promoting their recruitment to the membrane. Furthermore, we found that this VGSC-trafficking process is Ca2+ dependent because preloading MVN neurons with the Ca2+ buffer BAPTA-AM, or exocytosis inhibitor TAT-NSF700, prevents the effects of BIL, indicating the upregulated activity and density of functional VGSCs as the core mechanism accountable for the BIL-induced overexcitation of neonatal neurons. Most importantly, rectification of such overexcitation with a low dose of VGSC blocker lidocaine significantly attenuates BIL-induced cell death. We suggest that this enhancement of VGSC currents directly contributes to the vulnerability of neonatal brain to hyperbilirubinemia, implicating the activity and trafficking of NaV1.1 channels as a potential target for neuroprotection in cases of severe jaundice.
Inhibition of gap junction composed of Cx43 prevents against acute kidney injury following liver transplantation
Authors: Yuan Dongdong , Li Xiaoyun , Luo Chenfang , Li Xianlong , Cheng Nan , Ji Haocong , Qiu Rongzong , Luo Gangjian , Chen Chaojin , Hei Ziqing 
Published: October 2019

AbstractPostoperative acute kidney injury (AKI) is a severe complication after liver transplantation (LT). Its deterioration and magnification lead to the increase in mortality. Connexin43 (Cx43) mediates direct transmission of intracellular signals between neighboring cells, always considered to be the potent biological basis of organ damage deterioration and magnification. Thus, we explored the effects of Cx43 on AKI following LT and its related possible mechanism. In this study, alternations of Cx43 expression were observed in 82 patients, receiving the first-time orthotopic LT. We built autologous orthotopic liver transplantation (AOLT) models with Sprague–Dawley (SD) rats in vivo, and hypoxia-reoxygenation (H/R) or lipopolysaccharide (LPS) pretreatment models with kidney tubular epithelial cells (NRK-52E) in vitro, both of which were the most important independent risk factors of AKI following LT. Then, different methods were used to alter the function of Cx43 channels to determine its protective effects on AKI. The results indicated that patients with AKI suffering from longer time of tracheal intubation or intensive care unit stay, importantly, had significantly lower survival rate at postoperative 30 days and 3 years. In rat AOLT models, as Cx43 was inhibited with heptanol, postoperative AKI was attenuated significantly. In vitro experiments, downregulation of Cx43 with selective inhibitors, or siRNA protected against post-hypoxic NRK-52E cell injuries caused by H/R and/or LPS, while upregulation of Cx43 exacerbated the above-mentioned cell injuries. Of note, alternation of Cx43 function regulated the content of reactive oxygen species (ROS), which not only mediated oxidative stress and inflammation reactions effectively, but also regulated necroptosis. Therefore, we concluded that Cx43 inhibition protected against AKI following LT through attenuating ROS transmission between the neighboring cells. ROS alternation depressed oxidative stress and inflammation reaction, which ultimately reduced necroptosis. This might offer new insights for targeted intervention for organ protection in LT, or even in other major surgeries.
DC3 is a method for deconvolution and coupled clustering from bulk and single-cell genomics data
Authors: Zeng Wanwen , Chen Xi , Duren Zhana , Wang Yong , Jiang Rui , Wong Wing Hung 
Published: October 2019

AbstractCharacterizing and interpreting heterogeneous mixtures at the cellular level is a critical problem in genomics. Single-cell assays offer an opportunity to resolve cellular level heterogeneity, e.g., scRNA-seq enables single-cell expression profiling, and scATAC-seq identifies active regulatory elements. Furthermore, while scHi-C can measure the chromatin contacts (i.e., loops) between active regulatory elements to target genes in single cells, bulk HiChIP can measure such contacts in a higher resolution. In this work, we introduce DC3 (De-Convolution and Coupled-Clustering) as a method for the joint analysis of various bulk and single-cell data such as HiChIP, RNA-seq and ATAC-seq from the same heterogeneous cell population. DC3 can simultaneously identify distinct subpopulations, assign single cells to the subpopulations (i.e., clustering) and de-convolve the bulk data into subpopulation-specific data. The subpopulation-specific profiles of gene expression, chromatin accessibility and enhancer-promoter contact obtained by DC3 provide a comprehensive characterization of the gene regulatory system in each subpopulation.