bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Engaging Middle School Students in Disciplinary Literacy Through Culturally Relevant Historical Inquiry
Authors: Kucan Linda , Rainey Emily , Cho Byeong‐Young 
Published: December 2018

AbstractThe authors share design principles from a middle school social studies unit that explored questions of local history and engaged students in extended work with complex texts. The unit involved constructing a problem space for students to explore multiple historical texts. Within that problem space, students had opportunities to develop focal literacy practices of history, consider cultural connections to the subject under study, and evaluate current local policy through a justice lens that was informed by their deepened understandings of historical events.
FAM83H‐AS1 is associated with clinical progression and modulates cell proliferation, migration, and invasion in bladder cancer
Authors: Shan Hui , Yang Yunbo , Zhu Xuhui , Han Xiuwu , Zhang Peng , Zhang Xiaodong 
Published: December 2018

AbstractFAM83H‐AS1, also known as oncogenic long noncoding RNA (lncRNA)‐3, is a novel lncRNA that has been suggested to be dysregulated in a variety of human cancers. However, the expression status and function of FAM83H‐AS1 in bladder cancer are still unknown. The object of our study is to explore the clinical value of FAM83H‐AS1 in patients with bladder cancer and the biological function of FAM83H‐AS1 in bladder cancer cells. In our results, the expression of FAM83H‐AS1 was obviously elevated in bladder cancer tissue samples and bladder cancer cell lines compared with adjacent normal tissue samples and normal bladder epithelial cell lines, respectively. In addition, high expression of FAM83H‐AS1 was associated with advanced clinical stage and the presence of muscularis invasion and served as an independent poor prognostic factor for overall survival in patients with bladder cancer. The loss‐of‐function study showed that silencing FAM83H‐AS1 expression suppressed cell proliferation, migration, and invasion and induced cycle arrest at G0/G1 phase. In conclusion, FAM83H‐AS1 is involved in the progression of bladder cancer and serves as a prognostic biomarker and potential therapeutic target for patients with bladder cancer.
Silencing H19 regulated proliferation, invasion, and autophagy in the placenta by targeting miR‐18a‐5p
Authors: Zhang Lei , Deng Xinru , Shi Xian , Dong Xiaojing 
Published: December 2018

AbstractFetal growth restriction (FGR) is a serious pregnancy complication associated with increased perinatal mortality and morbidity. It may lead to neurodevelopmental impairment and adulthood onset disorders. Recently, long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) were found to be associated with the pathogenesis of FGR. Here we report that the lncRNAH19 is significantly decreased in placentae from pregnancies with FGR. Downregulation of H19 leads to reduced proliferation and invasion of extravillous trophoblast cells. This is identified with reduced trophoblast invasion, which has been discovered in FGR. Autophagy is exaggerated in FGR. Downregulation of H19 promotes autophagy via the PI3K/AKT/mTOR and MAPK/ERK/mTOR pathways of extravillous trophoblast cells in FGR. We also found that the expression level of microRNAs miR‐18a‐5p was negatively correlated with that of H19. H19 can act as an endogenous sponge by directly binding to miR‐18a‐5p, which targets IRF2. The expression of miR‐18a‐5p was upregulated, but IRF2 expression was downregulated after the H19 knockdown. In conclusion, our study revealed that H19 downexpressed could inhibit proliferation and invasion, and promote autophagy by targeting miR‐18a‐5pin HTR8 and JEG3 cells. We propose that aberrant regulation of H19/miR‐18a‐5p‐mediated regulatory pathway may contribute to the molecular mechanism of FGR. We indicated that H19 may be a potential predictive, diagnostic, and therapeutic modality for FGR.
Downregulation of miR‐146a promotes cell migration in Helicobacter pylori–negative gastric cancer
Authors: Shomali Navid , Shirafkan Naghmeh , Duijf Pascal H.G. , Ghasabi Mehri , Babaloo Zohreh , Yousefi Mehdi , Mansoori Behzad , Asadi Milad , Shanehbandi Dariush , Baghbani Elham , Mohammadi Ali , Baradaran Behzad 
Published: December 2018

AbstractmicroRNAs (miRs) are short noncoding RNAs that post‐transcriptionally suppress gene expression. miR‐146a acts as an oncogene or a tumor suppressor in various cancers, including gastric cancer, but it is unclear what determines whether miR‐146a is oncogenic or tumor suppressive and the molecular mechanisms are still largely unknown. The aim of this study was to investigate the role of miR‐146a in gastric cancer, by focusing on its expression in patients who were negative for Helicobacter pylori and its reduced and increased expression effect in vitro. Twenty gastric cancer patients who were negative for H. pylori infection were selected and the expression levels of miRNA‐146a in these gastric tumors, in their matched normal gastric tissues and in gastric cancer cell lines with varying tumorigenic potential was measured. Further, the impact of increased and decreased miR‐146a expression levels on the expression of predicted target genes, cell migration, viability, proliferation, and apoptosis was examined, respectively. Our results for the first time indicated that miR‐146a is downregulated in H. pylori–negative gastric cancers and suggests that H. pylori infection determines whether miR‐146a acts as an oncogene or tumor suppressor. The level of miR‐146a expression inversely correlates with the tumorigenicity of three gastric cancer cell lines and low miR‐146a expression predicts poor recurrence‐free survival. It was also found that miR‐146a reduces the expression levels of the prometastatic genes and suppresses MKN‐45 cell migration. Functional studies showed that miR‐146a acts as a tumor suppressor miR and identifies miR‐146a as a candidate for antimetastatic miRNA replacement therapy for gastric cancer patients.
Identification of prognostic miRNA biomarkers for predicting overall survival of colon adenocarcinoma and bioinformatics analysis: A study based on The Cancer Genome Atlas database
Authors: Chen Fangyao , Li Zhe , Zhou Hui 
Published: December 2018

AbstractObjectThis study was conducted to identify the prognostic microRNA (miRNA) for the prediction of survival in colon adenocarcinoma (CA).MethodsmiRNA profiling of patients with CA was downloaded from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) database. After data processing, univariate Cox regression was performed to select potential prognostic miRNAs. Least absolute shrinkage and selection operator approach was conducted to identify the key prognostic miRNA biomarkers. Log‐rank test was performed to compare survival outcome between patients with different regulation type of identified miRNAs. Then, bioinformatics analysis including Gene Ontology, Disease Ontology, and pathway enrichment analysis was performed on the selected prognostic miRNAs. A nomogram was generated based on the multivariate Cox proportional hazard model to illustrate the association between the identified miRNAs and the survival of patients with colorectal cancer (CRC). All analyses were conducted with packages in the R software.ResultsA total of 1881 miRNAs were obtained from TCGA database in which 15 miRNAs were finally selected in multianalysis with covariates and incorporated into functional annotation analyses. Log‐rank test suggested that the identified miRNAs were associated with the survival of CA. Seven out of 15 selected miRNAs were identified for the first time in CA. Bioinformatics analysis suggested that the identified miRNAs were associated with the development and progress of CRC. The association between the identified miRNAs and the survival of patients with CRC were presented in a nomogram.ConclusionThe seven newly identified miRNAs might be potential prognostic biomarkers for the survival of CA. Further research about the selected miRNAs were worth to conduct.
High nonassociativity in order 8 and an associative index estimate
Authors: Drápal Aleš , Valent Viliam 
Published: December 2018

AbstractLet be a quasigroup. Put
and assume that . Let and be the number of left and right translations of that are fixed point free. Put . Denote by the number of idempotents of . It is shown that . Call extremely nonassociative if . The paper reports what seems to be the first known example of such a quasigroup, with , , and . It also provides supporting theory for a search that verified for all quasigroups of order .
Effect of nitrogen concentration, two‐stage and prolonged cultivation on growth rate, lipid and protein content of Chlorella vulgaris
Authors: Metsoviti Maria N , Katsoulas Nikolaos , Karapanagiotidis Ioannis T , Papapolymerou Georgios 
Published: December 2018

AbstractBACKGROUNDThe effects of the initial nitrogen concentration, as well as of two‐stage and prolonged cultivation on the growth rate, lipid and protein content of Chlorella vulgaris were examined. Additionally, a kinetic model of specific growth rate in the exponential growth phase (µexp) was developed as a function of initial nitrogen concentration.RESULTSAs the initial nitrogen concentration in the culture medium increased, the total biomass production and µexp went through a maximum at 300 mg N L−1 and at 200 mg N L−1, respectively. The lipid content was found to be highly dependent on the initial nitrogen concentration and increased from 9.0% to 29.6% as the nitrogen concentration varied from 800 to 10 mg N L−1, respectively. Cultivation in two stages resulted in an increase of the lipid content of the biomass from 15.4% to 24.9%, while prolonged cultivation led to an increase of the lipid content from 15.4% to 23.0%.CONCLUSIONCultivation under optimum nitrogen concentration can lead to increased biomass production. In addition, optimization of lipid production can be carried out by a two‐stage cultivation mode or by prolonged cultivation. © 2018 Society of Chemical Industry
Intensification of esterification process in TBP synthesis by in situ vapor stripping
Authors: Zhang Yuqiang , Li Jun , Jin Yang , Chen Ming , Yu Defang 
Published: December 2018

AbstractBACKGROUNDOver the past few decades, tri‐n‐butyl phosphate (TBP) has been a widely used and irreplaceable extractant that can extract a variety of heavy metal ions and inorganic acids. The conventional process of tri‐n‐butyl phosphate synthesis has the problem of low yield. The in situ vapor stripping method was developed to intensify the tri‐n‐butyl phosphate synthesis reaction.RESULTSIn this work, the coupling process of in situ vapor stripping and reaction was proposed for the first time in the process of synthesis of TBP. It was found that the reaction of high concentration hydrogen chloride and 1‐butanol would produce water, which resulted in increasing the possibility of side reactions, especially when the temperature was higher than 55 °C. In the lower temperature range, n‐pentane was selected as the stripping medium, which effectively removed hydrogen chloride from the reaction system by in situ vapor stripping. The FT‐IR analysis confirmed that TBP can be synthesized successfully by the vapor stripping process. In addition, the effects of n‐pentane volume, temperature and stripping time on the yield of TBP and the amount of hydrogen chloride stripped were investigated. By applying the optimum reaction conditions, the yield of TBP was increased to 94%, larger than that of the current industrial process whose yield is only 80%.CONCLUSIONThe in situ vapor stripping process is demonstrated to be an effective method for intensification of the esterification process in TBP synthesis. It can be used for other reactions which generate volatile gases as the byproduct. © 2018 Society of Chemical Industry
Acid hydrolysis of saponin‐rich extracts of quinoa, lentil, fenugreek and soybean to yield sapogenin‐rich extracts and other bioactive compounds
Authors: Herrera Teresa , Navarro del Hierro Joaquín , Fornari Tiziana , Reglero Guillermo , Martin Diana 
Published: December 2018

AbstractBACKGROUNDTypical hydrolysis times of saponins generally do not take into consideration the effect of time on the degradation of the target compounds, namely sapogenins. When producing natural extracts, it should be borne in mind that conducting hydrolysis to yield a target compound might also affect the final composition of the extracts in terms of other bioactive compounds. In our study, saponin‐rich extracts from fenugreek, quinoa, lentil, and soybean were produced and their acid hydrolysis to give sapogenin‐rich extracts was conducted over different periods (0–6 h). The disappearance of saponins and appearance of sapogenins was analyzed using high‐performance liquid chromatography–diode array detection–mass spectrometry (HPLC‐DAD‐MS) and gas chromatography–mass spectrometry (GC‐MS), respectively. The impact of hydrolysis on the phytosterols and tocopherol in the extracts was also evaluated.RESULTSFenugreek showed the highest saponin content (169 g kg−1), followed by lentil (20 g kg−1), quinoa (15 g kg−1), and soybean (13 g kg−1). Hydrolysis for 1 h caused the complete disappearance of saponins and the greatest release of sapogenins. Hydrolyzed fenugreek and quinoa extracts contained the highest amounts of sapogenins and minor fractions of phytosterols and tocopherol. Hydrolyzed extracts of lentil and soybean contained a major fraction of phytosterols and a low fraction of sapogenins. In all cases, sapogenins decreased after 1 h of hydrolysis, phytosterols slightly decreased, and tocopherol was unaffected. Standards of diosgenin and oleanolic acid also showed this decreasing pattern under acid hydrolysis conditions.CONCLUSIONHydrolysis times of 1 h for saponin‐rich extracts from the assayed seeds guarantee the maximum transformation to sapogenin‐rich extracts, along with phytosterols and tocopherol. Fenugreek and quinoa seeds are preferred for this. © 2018 Society of Chemical Industry
Microbial oxidation of nitrogen supplied as selected organic nitrogen compounds in the South Atlantic Bight
Authors: Damashek Julian , Tolar Bradley B. , Liu Qian , Okotie‐Oyekan Aimee O. , Wallsgrove Natalie J. , Popp Brian N. , Hollibaugh James T. 
Published: December 2018

AbstractDissolved organic nitrogen (DON) can account for a large fraction of the dissolved nitrogen (N) pool in the ocean, but the cycling of marine DON is poorly understood. Recent discoveries that urea‐ and cyanate‐N can be oxidized by some strains of Thaumarchaeota suggest that these abundant microbes may be able to access and oxidize a fraction of the DON pool. However, measurements of the oxidation of N supplied as DON compounds are scarce. Here, we compare oxidation rates of N supplied as a variety of DON compounds in samples from Georgia coastal waters, where nitrifier communities are numerically dominated by Thaumarchaeota. Our data indicate that polyamine‐N is particularly amenable to oxidation compared to the other DON compounds tested. Oxidation of N supplied as putrescine (1,4‐diaminobutane) was generally higher than that of N supplied as glutamate, arginine, or urea, and was consistently 5–10% of the ammonia oxidation rate. Our data also suggest that the oxidation rate of polyamine‐N may increase as the length of the carbon skeleton increases. Oxidation of N supplied as putrescine, urea, and glutamate were all highest near the coast and lower further offshore, consistent with patterns of ammonia oxidation in these waters. Though it is unclear whether oxidation of polyamine‐N reflects direct oxidation by Thaumarchaeota or combines remineralization and subsequent ammonia oxidation, more rapid oxidation of N from putrescine compared to amino acids or urea suggests that polyamine‐N may contribute significantly to nitrification in the ocean.
Visceral fat does not contribute to metabolic disease in lipodystrophy
Authors: Malandrino N. , Reynolds J. C. , Brychta R. J. , Chen K. Y. , Auh S. , Gharib A. M. , Startzell M. , Cochran E. K. , Brown R. J. 
Published: December 2018

SummaryObjectivesLipodystrophies are characterized by regional or generalized loss of adipose tissue and severe metabolic complications. The role of visceral adipose tissue (VAT) in the development of metabolic derangements in lipodystrophy is unknown. The study aim was to investigate VAT contribution to metabolic disease in lipodystrophy versus healthy controls.MethodsAnalysis of correlations between VAT volume and biomarkers of metabolic disease in 93 patients and 93 age/sex‐matched healthy controls.ResultsPatients with generalized lipodystrophy (n = 43) had lower VAT compared with matched controls, while those with partial lipodystrophy (n = 50) had higher VAT versus controls. Both groups with lipodystrophy had lower leg fat mass versus controls (p < 0.05 for all; unpaired t‐test). In both generalized and partial lipodystrophy, there was no correlation between VAT and glucose, triglycerides or high‐density lipoprotein cholesterol (p > 0.05 for all; Spearman correlation). In controls matched to patients with generalized or partial lipodystrophy, VAT correlated with glucose (R = 0.42 and 0.36), triglycerides (R = 0.36 and 0.60) and high‐density lipoprotein cholesterol (R = −0.34 and −0.64) (p < 0.05 for all; Spearman correlation).ConclusionsIn contrast to healthy controls, metabolic derangements in lipodystrophy did not correlate with VAT volume. These data suggest that, in lipodystrophy, impaired peripheral subcutaneous fat deposition may exert a larger effect than VAT accumulation on the development of metabolic complications. Interventions aimed at increasing functional subcutaneous adipose tissue may provide metabolic benefit.
A Natural‐Origin Steelhead Population's Response to Exclusion of Hatchery Fish
Authors: Courter Ian I. , Wyatt Garth J. , Perry Russell W. , Plumb John M. , Carpenter Forrest M. , Ackerman Nicklaus K. , Lessard Robert B. , Galbreath Peter F. 
Published: December 2018

AbstractIt is asserted that reduction or elimination of hatchery stocking will increase natural‐origin salmon Oncorhynchus spp. and steelhead O. mykiss production. We conducted an analysis of steelhead population census data (1958–2017) to determine whether elimination of summer steelhead stocking in the upper Clackamas River in 1998 increased the productivity of natural‐origin winter steelhead. A Bayesian state–space stock–recruitment model was fitted to the adult steelhead data set, and productivity was estimated as a function of hatchery‐origin spawner abundance as well as other environmental factors. When used as a predictive variable in our model, the abundance of hatchery summer steelhead spawners (1972–2001) did not have a negative effect on winter steelhead recruitment. However, spill at North Fork Dam (the gateway to the upper Clackamas River basin) and the Pacific Decadal Oscillation (an index of ocean conditions) were both negatively associated with winter steelhead recruitment. Moreover, winter steelhead abundance in the upper Clackamas River basin failed to rebound to abundances observed in years prior to the hatchery program, and fluctuations in winter steelhead abundance were correlated with those of other regional winter steelhead stocks. Our assessment underscores the need for studies that (1) directly quantify the effects of hatchery fish on the production of natural‐origin salmon and steelhead, (2) empirically test published theories about mechanisms of hatchery fish impacts on natural‐origin populations, and (3) document population responses to major changes in hatchery programs.
A new seismic‐based monitoring approach for wind turbines
Authors: Hu Weifei , Barthelmie Rebecca J. , Letson Frederick , Pryor Sara C. 
Published: December 2018

AbstractWind turbine performance and condition monitoring play vital roles in detecting and diagnosing suboptimal performance and guiding operations and maintenance. Here, a new seismic‐based approach to monitoring the health of individual wind turbine components is presented. Transfer functions are developed linking key condition monitoring properties (drivetrain and tower acceleration) to unique, robust, and repeatable seismic signatures. Predictive models for extreme (greater than 99th percentile) drivetrain and tower acceleration based on independent seismic data exhibit higher skill than reference models based on hub‐height wind speed. The seismic models detect extreme drivetrain and tower acceleration with proportions correct of 96% and 93%, hit rates of 91% and 82%, and low false alarm rates of 4% and 6%, respectively. Although new wind turbines incorporate many diagnostic sensors, seismic‐based condition/performance monitoring may be particularly useful in extending the productive lifetime of previous generation wind turbines.
Raptor selection of captive reared and released Galliform birds
Authors: Perkins Rebecca , Boal Clint W. , Dabbert C. Brad 
Published: December 2018

ABSTRACTCaptive rearing and release of birds in the order Galliformes remains a popular management tactic despite low survival rates. We investigated avian predator selection of captive‐reared northern bobwhites (Colinus virginianus) as a potential driver of their high mortality. We simulated avian predator hunts on a flushing pair of bobwhites during trials conducted from 6 February 2015 to 14 February 2015 in Texas, USA. When presented a choice of a captive‐reared bobwhite or wild bobwhite, a Harris's hawk (Parabuteo unicinctus) pursued a captive‐reared bobwhite in 8 of 10 flight trials. This selective rate, combined with observations from auxiliary research indicate avian predation may be a greater risk for captive‐reared birds than wild birds. The success of captive‐rearing and release efforts may benefit from a better understanding of how to more adequately prepare captive‐reared birds for release. © 2018 The Wildlife Society.
A Unilateral Climate and Supply Market Model
Authors: Blume-Werry Eike , Koller Martin , Everts Martin 
Published: December 2018

AbstractIn the midst of its respective energy transitions, the European power sector faces several challenges. Low levels of both European Union Emissions Trading Scheme (EU ETS) allowance prices and wholesale power prices fuelled concerns over drivers for decarbonisation and long-term generation adequacy. Whilst some countries have introduced capacity remuneration mechanisms to ensure generation adequacy, reforming the EU ETS has proven to be difficult. This paper proposes a unilateral approach by a state introducing a CO2 levy that internalises and prices CO2 at a national level. The suggested climate and supply market model thereby incentivises and rewards production from CO2-neutral sources during times when it does not cover the targeted share of production. Prior to describing the model in detail, this paper discusses the theoretical policy steering background and the problems associated with current energy policies. For a broader picture, other CO2 taxation models are briefly presented. This is followed by a discussion on the legal aspects of the model, its compatibility with international as well as EU law. The model is explored further by using Switzerland as an example, showing that a cross-sector carbon price can be implemented at acceptable costs for consumers. Last but not least, the paper examines varieties of the model and the adaption potential for European countries.