bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Do care plans and annual reviews of physical health influence unplanned hospital utilisation for people with serious mental illness? Analysis of linked longitudinal primary and secondary healthcare records in England
Authors: Ride Jemimah , Kasteridis Panagiotis , Gutacker Nils , Kronenberg Christoph , Doran Tim , Mason Anne , Rice Nigel , Gravelle Hugh , Goddard Maria , Kendrick Tony , Siddiqi Najma , Gilbody Simon , Dare Ceri RJ , Aylott Lauren , Williams Rachael , Jacobs Rowena 
Published: November 2018

ObjectiveTo investigate whether two primary care activities that are framed as indicators of primary care quality (comprehensive care plans and annual reviews of physical health) influence unplanned utilisation of hospital services for people with serious mental illness (SMI).Design, setting, participantsRetrospective observational cohort study using linked primary care and hospital records (Hospital Episode Statistics) for 5158 patients diagnosed with SMI between April 2006 and March 2014, who attended 213 primary care practices in England that contribute to the Clinical Practice Research Datalink GOLD database.Outcomes and analysisCox survival models were used to estimate the associations between two primary care quality indicators (care plans and annual reviews of physical health) and the hazards of three types of unplanned hospital utilisation: presentation to accident and emergency departments (A&E), admission for SMI and admission for ambulatory care sensitive conditions (ACSC).ResultsRisk of A&E presentation was 13% lower (HR 0.87, 95% CI 0.77 to 0.98) and risk of admission to hospital for ACSC was 23% lower (HR 0.77, 95% CI 0.60 to 0.99) for patients with a care plan documented in the previous year compared with those without a care plan. Risk of A&E presentation was 19% lower for those who had a care plan documented earlier but not updated in the previous year (HR: 0.81, 95% CI 0.67 to 0.97) compared with those without a care plan. Risks of hospital admission for SMI were not associated with care plans, and none of the outcomes were associated with annual reviews.ConclusionsCare plans documented in primary care for people with SMI are associated with reduced risk of A&E attendance and reduced risk of unplanned admission to hospital for physical health problems, but not with risk of admission for mental health problems. Annual reviews of physical health are not associated with risk of unplanned hospital utilisation.
Lay community perceptions and treatment options for hypertension in rural northern Ghana: a qualitative analysis
Authors: Nyaaba Gertrude Nsorma , Masana Lina , Aikins Ama de-Graft , Stronks Karien , Agyemang Charles 
Published: November 2018

ObjectiveAdherence to hypertension treatment is a major public health challenge for low and middle-income countries particularly in sub-Saharan Africa. One potential reason could be the discordance between lay and medical explanatory models of hypertension and its treatment. Understanding community perceptions and practices may contribute to improving hypertension control as they present insights into psychosocial and cultural factors that shape individual behaviour. We explore community perceptions regarding hypertension and its treatment in rural northern Ghana and how they differ from medical understanding.DesignThis was a qualitative study using semi-structured interviews and focus group discussions to collect data, which were analysed using a thematic approach.SettingA multisite study conducted in four rural communities in two regions of northern Ghana.ParticipantsWe conducted 16 semi-structured interviews and eight focus group discussions with community leaders and members, respectively.ResultsThree major themes were identified: community perceptions, treatment options and community support for people with hypertension. Community perceptions about hypertension include hypertension perceived as excess blood in the body and associated with spiritual or witchcraft attacks. Traditional medicine is perceived to cure hypertension completely with concurrent use of biomedical and traditional medicines encouraged in rural communities. Community members did not consider themselves at risk of developing hypertension and reported having inadequate information on how to provide social support for hypertensive community members, which they attributed to low literacy and poverty.ConclusionThere is a substantial mismatch between communities’ perceptions and medical understanding of hypertension and its treatment. These perceptions partly result from structural factors and social norms shaped by collective processes and traditions that shape lay beliefs and influence individual health behaviour. Socioeconomic factors also thwart access to information and contribute to inadequate social support for persons with hypertension. These findings highlight the need for a public health approach to hypertension control targeting families and communities.
Improving social inclusion for people with dementia and carers through sharing dance: a qualitative sequential continuum of care pilot study protocol
Authors: Skinner Mark W , Herron Rachel V , Bar Rachel J , Kontos Pia , Menec Verena 
Published: November 2018

IntroductionThis study examines the potential of dance to improve social inclusion for people living with dementia and carers. Research suggests that arts-based programmes can improve the health of people living with dementia and carers; however, little is known about how these programmes might address barriers to social inclusion. Addressing barriers requires the development and evaluation of accessible, non-stigmatising and affordable programmes that facilitate social inclusion across the continuum of institutional, community and household care settings.Methods and analysisThe study involves a qualitative sequential pilot study of the innovative Baycrest NBS Sharing Dance Seniors programme underway in non-metropolitan regions of two Canadian provinces. It focuses on the remotely instructed delivery of the programme in care facilities, community centres and households. The study involves five phases of observations, diaries, focus groups and interviews with programme participants (people living with dementia), carers, coordinators, instructors and volunteers as well as critical reflections among research investigators and knowledge users. NVivo-based thematic and narrative analyses of the qualitative data will produce new knowledge about the experiences, effectiveness and challenges of the dance programme that will inform understanding of whether and in what ways it increases social inclusion and quality of life for older people living with dementia and carers. The findings will identify opportunities for programme expansion and support the further development of arts-based approaches.Ethics and disseminationThe study is approved by the Research Ethics Boards at Trent University and Brandon University, and by participating organisations according to their governance procedures. The perspectives of people living with dementia and carers are incorporated throughout the study (from design to dissemination) and the study adheres to the ethical considerations when including people with dementia. A series of publicly available reports, seminars and symposia will be undertaken in collaboration with knowledge user and collaborating organisation partners.
Enhancement of the red emission in Ba3(PO4)2:Eu3+ by addition of charge compensator Na+
Authors: Zhang Dandan , Xiao Huaxing , Jiang Wei , Cao Xia , Huang Lu , Liu Gang , Ye Manyu , Zhang Zhiwei 
Published: November 2018

Ba[Formula: see text](PO4)2:0.04Eu[Formula: see text] (S1) and Ba[Formula: see text]Na[Formula: see text](PO4)2:0.04Eu[Formula: see text] (S2) were prepared by solid state reaction. The phases and luminescent properties of the obtained phosphors were characterized. The results demonstrate that the phosphors particles emit an intensive red light under excitation at 395 nm. Both phosphors can be efficiently excited by ultraviolet and blue light, and the emission spectra mainly consist of two emission peaks at 591 nm and 611 nm. The crystallographic sites of Eu[Formula: see text] ions in Ba3(PO4)2 host were discussed on the base of emission spectra and its host crystal structure. By introducing the charge compensator Na[Formula: see text] into the S1 phosphor, its emission intensity was enhanced, indicating that S2 could serve as a promising red-emitting phosphor for UV LED applications.
Mitral Valve Prolapse and Sudden Cardiac Death: A Systematic Review
Authors: Han Hui‐Chen , Ha Francis J. , Teh Andrew W. , Calafiore Paul , Jones Elizabeth F. , Johns Jennifer , Koshy Anoop N. , O'Donnell David , Hare David L. , Farouque Omar , Lim Han S. 
Published: November 2018

Background

The relationship between mitral valve prolapse (
MVP
) and sudden cardiac death (
SCD
) remains controversial. In this systematic review, we evaluate the relationship between isolated
MVP
and
SCD
to better define a potential high‐risk subtype. In addition, we determine whether premortem parameters could predict
SCD
in patients with
MVP
and the incidence of
SCD
in
MVP
.

Methods and Results

Electronic searches were conducted in PubMed and Embase for all English literature articles published between 1960 and 2018 regarding
MVP
and
SCD
or cardiac arrest. We also identified articles investigating predictors of ventricular arrhythmias or
SCD
and cohort studies reporting
SCD
outcomes in
MVP
. From 2180 citations, there were 79 articles describing 161 cases of
MVP
with
SCD
or cardiac arrest. The median age was 30 years and 69% of cases were female. Cardiac arrest occurred during situations of stress in 47% and was caused by ventricular fibrillation in 81%. Premature ventricular complexes on Holter monitoring (92%) were common. Most cases had bileaflet involvement (70%) with redundancy (99%) and nonsevere mitral regurgitation (83%). From 22 articles describing predictors for ventricular arrhythmias or
SCD
in
MVP
, leaflet redundancy was the only independent predictor of
SCD
. The incidence of
SCD
with
MVP
was estimated at 217 events per 100 000 person‐years.

Conclusions

Isolated
MVP
and
SCD
predominantly affects young females with redundant bileaflet prolapse, with cardiac arrest usually occurring as a result of ventricular arrhythmias. To better understand the complex relationship between
MVP
and
SCD
, standardized reporting of clinical, electrophysiological, and cardiac imaging parameters with longitudinal follow‐up is required.
Molecular biodiversity assessment of plant-parasitic nematodes in Dokdo Island, Korea
Authors: Kim Dongwoo , Hwang Hwal-Su , Shim Jae-Kyoung , Yang JiYoung , Pak Jae Hong , Lee Kyeong-Yeoll 
Published: November 2018

Summary
Dokdo Island has a unique biodiversity that has been preserved as a natural monument. Although the biodiversity of Dokdo has been investigated, little information is available regarding the nematodes. The diversity of plant-parasitic nematodes was investigated using both ITS and D2-D3 sequences. Nematodes extracted from 59 rhizosphere soil samples were morphologically identified as belonging to eight genera: Geocenamus, Helicotylenchus, Rotylenchulus, Heterodera, Paratylenchus, Pratylenchus, Pratylenchoides and Xiphinema. Further, nucleotide sequences were determined from 85 individuals of different genera for species diagnosis. We identified 13 species, including three species of the genus Pratylenchus (P. crenatus, P. kumamotoensis and P. neglectus), Helicotylenchus sp. 1, Rotylenchulus sp. 1, Paratylenchus nanus, Heterodera trifolii, Heterodera spp., Pratylenchoides ritteri, Geocenamus sp. 1, Geocenamus sp. 2, Xiphinema brevicollum and Xiphinema sp. 1. The dominant plant-parasitic nematode on Dokdo was P. crenatus, which was found in 25.4% of the samples. Our study provides important information about the biodiversity of plant-parasitic nematodes on Dokdo Island.
Natural variation in chemoattraction in the gastropod parasitic nematodes Phasmarhabditis hermaphrodita, P. neopapillosa and P. californica exposed to slug mucus
Authors: Andrus Peter , Rae Robbie 
Published: November 2018

Summary
Phasmarhabditis hermaphrodita is a lethal parasite of several slug species and has been formulated into a biological control agent for farmers and gardeners. Phasmarhabditis hermaphrodita responds to slug faeces, mucus and volatile cues to find hosts in soil. However, these results have only focused on one strain of P. hermaphrodita (DMG0001). We exposed four strains of P. hermaphrodita (and DMG0001), three strains of P. neopapillosa and two strains of P. californica to mucus from seven common slug species. Furthermore, we investigated whether there was a relationship between chemoattraction and the numbers of offspring that were produced on each host species. Natural isolates of P. hermaphrodita differed in their preference of slug species whereas P. neopapillosa tended to prefer Arion sp. and strains of P. californica displayed striking differences in their responses. The reasons for positive chemoattraction to mucus were not due to higher numbers of offspring produced on these hosts.
Everything is Noise: Don Delillo’s White Noise and the Affectivity of Media, Religion, and Divination
Authors: Chalfant Eric 
Published: November 2018

This paper provides a theoretical defense of the concept of noise, borrowed and loosened from the field of information theory, as a heuristic tool for discussing mediation as divination and exploring the intersection of media studies and religious studies. I first provide a theoretical primer for the concept of noise as it is articulated by Claude Shannon and Warren Weaver and developed in media studies by Friedrich Kittler and in religious studies by Mark Taylor. Then, a close reading of Don Delillo’s White Noise draws out the potential of noise to highlight media’s ability to provide spiritual meaning and truth through an affect of divination. Finally, I connect these themes to current conceptions of media’s relationship to truth as well as recent anthropology on religious divination, suggesting the utility of noise to aid in scholarly efforts to materialize both media studies and religious studies as they engage with affect theory.
Comparative Discrimination Law: Age as a Protected Ground
Authors: Vickers Lucy 
Published: November 2018

AbstractThis comparative review of age as a protected ground in discrimination law explores the underpinning questions and themes related to two main dimensions of age discrimination. The first dimension is structural, economic and labour market driven, whereby age is used to allocate a range of rights, obligations and benefits within society. The second is the social justice and equality dimension, in which age is understood as an aspect of individual identity that is worthy of protection against indignity or detriment. The review then considers the law on age discrimination in a number of jurisdictions, the EU law, the UK, Sweden, USA, Canada and South Africa, and assesses the extent to which the underpinning questions explain the developing case law.
Water Culture in Roman Society
Authors: Rogers Dylan Kelby 
Published: November 2018

Abstract
Water played an important part of ancient Roman life, from providing necessary drinking water, supplying bath complexes, to flowing in large-scale public fountains. The Roman culture of water was seen throughout the Roman Empire, although it was certainly not monolithic and it could come in a variety of scales and forms, based on climatic and social conditions of different areas. This discussion seeks to define ‘water culture’ in Roman society by examining literary, epigraphic, and archaeological evidence, while understanding modern trends in scholarship related to the study of Roman water. The culture of water can be demonstrated through expressions of power, aesthetics, and spectacle. Further there was a shared experience of water in the empire that could be expressed through religion, landscape, and water’s role in cultures of consumption and pleasure.
Spartan Oliganthropia
Authors: Doran Timothy 
Published: November 2018

Abstract
The population of the Spartiates declined from some 8,000 to fewer than 1,000 in the Classical and Hellenistic eras. The causes and consequences of this decline are important for an understanding not only of ancient Greek history, but also of the study of pre-industrial populations and population dynamics more generally. This work surveys a range of representative modern scholarship on this phenomenon and discusses topics such as family planning, elite under-reproduction, wealth polarization, and notions of eugenic exclusivity, and suggests avenues for further research.
On the subfamily Cypricercinae McKenzie, 1971 (Crustacea, Ostracoda) from Thailand, with the description of six new species
Authors: SAVATENALINTON SUKONTHIP , MARTENS KOEN 
Published: November 2018

Species of the subfamily Cypricercinae collected from Thailand, mainly from the Northern Provinces, are here reported and/or (re-) described. Nineteen species, belonging to seven genera were found. Six new species, Strandesia hornei sp. nov., Strandesia sanoamuangae sp. nov., Pseudostrandesia gaetani sp. nov., Pseudostrandesia ovata sp. nov., Pseudostrandesia phetchabunensis sp. nov. and Pseudostrandesia thailandensis sp. nov., are described. A species list of the Cypricercinae in Southeast Asia is given and the general distribution and ecology of the Cypricercinae from Thailand is briefly discussed.
A Case Series of Granulomatosis With Polyangiitis Primarily Diagnosed by Otological Manifestations
Authors: Sahyouni Ronald , Moshtaghi Omid , Abouzari Mehdi , Le Phuonganh , Birkenbeuel Jack , Cheung Dillon , Lin Harrison W. , Djalilian Hamid R. 
Published: November 2018

Objective: To describe a case series of previously undiagnosed granulomatosis with polyangiitis (GPA) patients who presented primarily with otological manifestations. Method: We report a series of patients visited at a neurotology clinic who were eventually diagnosed with GPA based on their otologic complaints and had no prior knowledge of having this condition. Results: In this series, 10 (91%) patients presented with hearing loss (HL), more than half of which were bilateral (60%). Upon audiometric examination, all but 1 patient had mixed, conductive, or sensorineural HL. All patients presented with eustachian tube dysfunction (ETD), otitis media with effusion (OME), or both. Nasal endoscopy showed intranasal pathology in 3 (27%) patients. Otologic symptoms were improved in all patients after treatment with an average of 4 in-office follow-up appointments. Conclusion: GPA should be included in the differential diagnosis of adults with unexplained mixed hearing loss, new onset serous effusion, or acute otitis media in the absence of a previous history of ETD. Laboratory tests (ie, anti-neutrophil cytoplasmic autoantibody, erythrocyte sedimentation rate, and C-reactive protein) along with a urinalysis can aid in screening these patients. In cases in which the index of suspicion is high, repeated testing could reduce the risk of false negative findings.
Bronchoalveolar pH and inflammatory biomarkers in patients with acute exacerbation of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease
Authors: Lozo Vukovac Emilija , Miše Kornelija , Gudelj Ivan , Perić Irena , Duplančić Darko , Vuković Ivica , Vučinović Zoran , Lozo Mislav 
Published: November 2018

Objectives This study aimed to directly measure pH in the lungs, determine lactate dehydrogenase (LDH), C-reactive protein (CRP), and glucose levels in serum and bronchoalveolar aspirate, and identify bacterial pathogens from bronchoalveolar fluid during acute exacerbation of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (AECOPD). Methods We performed an observational, analytical case–control study from February 2015 to March 2017. We included 84 patients with AECOPD and 42 with stable chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). All participants underwent detailed medical anamnesis, a clinical examination, chest radiography, spirometry, an arterial blood gas test, bronchoscopy, bacterial culture, and serum/bronchiolar aspirate laboratory testing. Results The mean pH of bronchoalveolar fluid was significantly higher in patients with AECOPD than in patients with stable COPD. The mean lung pH value, bronchoalveolar and serum LDH levels, and serum CRP levels in patients with isolated bacteria were higher than those in patients without isolated bacteria in the AECOPD patient group. Lung pH values in patients with AECOPD were significantly correlated with bronchoalveolar LDH and glucose levels. Conclusions AECOPD is associated with local cell and tissue injury in the lungs, especially in the presence of bacterial pathogens, which is accompanied by a low systemic inflammatory response.
Reducing Medication Administration Frequency in Veteran Community Living Centers
Authors: Melendez Jesus , Bodine Rita , Park Karen 
Published: November 2018

Background: A quality improvement initiative of the Veterans Health Administration (VHA) aims to reduce frequency of medication administration to Veterans per day. Medication administration practices in our community living center (CLC) units are similar to an acute care medical unit versus a home environment. The objective of this project was to reduce medication administration frequency in order to minimize the number of interruptions to both Veterans and nurses. Methods: A retrospective chart review was conducted for Veterans residing in a pilot CLC from January through March 2018. Electronic medical records and barcode medication administration (BCMA) logs were assessed. Data collected included demographic information and medication details (eg, drug name, frequency, administration time). Data were analyzed and pharmacist recommendations were documented into an Excel document, and then discussed with the pilot CLC unit medical provider in March 2018. The primary outcomes measured were the number and type of pharmacist recommendations, percent reduction in the average number of Veteran interruptions per day, and percent reduction in the average number of medication passes by nurse per day. Results: Thirty-one Veterans were identified with a range of 4 to 31 active prescription orders. Fifty-five pharmacist recommendations were made and 31 were implemented. The average number of Veteran interruptions per day was reduced by 13.9%. The average daily number of medication passes was reduced by 16.3%. Conclusion: Both Veteran interruptions and nurse workload decreased due to the implemented pharmacist recommendations. Pharmacists will continue medication consolidation on a monthly basis and spread this project to other CLC units.