bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Albumin‐Chaperoned Deep‐NIR Triarylmethane Dyes for High‐Contrast In Vivo Imaging and Photothermal Therapy
Authors: Zhang Xiaodong , Liu Ming , Hu Yingqi , Wang Xueli , Wei Ruwei , Yao Cheng , Shi Cunjian , Qiu Yangting , Yang Tao , Luo Xiao , Chen Jinquan , Sun Wen , Chen Huabing , Qian Xuhong , Yang Youjun 
Published: November 2024

AbstractFluorophores absorbing/emitting in the deep near‐infrared (deep NIR) spectral region, that is, 800 nm and beyond, hold great promise for in vivo bioimaging, diagnosis, and phototherapy due to deeper tissue penetration. The bottleneck is the lack of bright, stable, and readily synthesized deep NIR fluorophores. Here, it is reported that the albumin‐chaperon strategy is a viable one‐for‐all strategy to address these difficulties. A focused library of deep‐NIR absorbing dyes (EA5) is easily synthesized via a two‐step cascade. They are neither very stable nor bright in phosphate buffer due to a propeller‐type flexible scaffold. Through screening, EA5_c3 is found to exhibit a high affinity toward bovine serum albumin (BSA). Binding‐associated structural rigidification resulted in a gigantic 26‐fold fluorescence enhancement. The albumin chaperone also greatly improved the stability of EA5_c3 by shielding the bisbenzannulated triarylmethane core from nucleophilic or oxidative species. The resulting EA5_c3@BSA exhibits high biocompatibility. It offered high‐resolution vasculature, lymph systems, tumors, and other tissue imaging with its bright deep NIR emission. At the same time, it exhibits prominent potential in photoacoustic imaging and photothermal treatment of subcutaneous and orthotopic breast tumors. These findings provide insights into robust and high‐performance fluorophores with deep NIR regions for theranostic against aggressive cancers.
Carboxylic Acid‐Functionalized Cellulose Hydrogel Electrolyte for Dual‐Interface Stabilization in Aqueous Zinc‐Organic Batteries
Authors: Zhang Haodong , Gan Xiaotang , Gao Yingjie , Wu Hao , Song Zhiping , Zhou Jinping 
Published: November 2024

AbstractAqueous zinc batteries (AZBs) are considered one of the most promising candidates for grid‐scale energy storage. However, achieving a stable electrode–electrolyte interface remains a challenge for developing high‐performance AZBs. Herein, taking the Zn||phenazine (PNZ) system as a prototype, where the proton uptake/removal mechanism dominates in the cathode, a carboxylic acid‐functionalized cellulose hydrogel electrolyte is designed to simultaneously solve the issues at both the anode and cathode interfaces. Specifically, the hydrogel electrolyte can not only regulate Zn2+ ions at the Zn anode side but also supply H+ ions at the PNZ cathode side to avoid the unfavored deposition of zinc sulfate hydroxides. Benefiting from the unique one‐gel‐for‐two‐electrodes strategy, the dendrite‐free and side reaction‐suppressed aqueous Zn||PNZ cells are developed with a high specific capacity (311 mAh g−1, 99% utilization of the theoretical capacity) and a long cycle life (over 1500 cycles within 2 months). This study proposes a facile and low‐cost electrolyte strategy for stabilizing AZBs.
A Silver Nanowires‐Based Flexible Capacitive Touch Screen in Tactile Displays for Individuals with Visual Impairment Using Gesture Recognition
Authors: Hamza Ahmed , Alzalabny Sara , Buduru Priyanka , Bhagwat Sagar , Usama Ali , Prabhulingaiah Santosh Kumar , Song Qingchuan , Kluck Sebastian , Jaworek Gerhard , Pezeshkpour Pegah , Rapp Bastian E. 
Published: November 2024

AbstractCapacitive touch screens (CTS's) are essential components in most of today's digital devices. However, for the visually impaired (VI) users due to the uneven topography of the tactile surface, CTS's are more challenging to implement and thus this field remains largely underdeveloped. Considering the limited space around the microactuators driving the typical Braille dots for a tactile screen with ten dots‐per‐inch (dpi) resolution, the materials used for CTS should be flexible and durable with high mechanical strength. In this work, a flexible CTS based on polyimide (PI) and silver nanowires (AgNWs) as electrodes with a total thickness of 210 µm is developed. The dimensions of the AgNWs are on average 7.9 ± 2.4 µm in length and 85 ± 24 nm in width. The AgNWs electrodes showed low resistance and good adhesion to the PI substrate. A gesture recognition application is collected from the capacitive data to classify different gestures (including single‐ and double‐click, swipe‐left and ‐right, scroll‐up and ‐down as well as zoom‐in and ‐out) with two different approaches; machine learning and deep learning are implemented. The best performance is obtained using the YOLO model with a high validation accuracy of 97.76%. Finally, a software application is developed with the proposed hand gestures in real‐time to foster interaction of VI users with the tactile display allowing them to navigate a Windows file system and interact with the documents via hand gestures in a similar manner as sighted users on a conventional touch display will be able to do. This work paves the way to utilize CTS for the tactile displays in the market developed for VI users.
Strain Engineered Semiconductor Nanomembranes for Photonic and Optoelectronic Applications
Authors: Tiwari Soumya , Kumar Tikendra , Saxena Shailendra K. , Prakash Rajiv , Chaudhary Anjali 
Published: November 2024

AbstractWhen semiconductor crystals are made into the form of thin sheets, i.e., nanomembranes, their properties and behaviors may be remarkably different from their bulk counterparts. A plethora of fascinating science and important applications arise consequently, some of which are investigated in recent years, and there are still a lot more to be discovered in the future. Nanomembranes (NMs) provide a good platform for strain engineering and offer tremendous research opportunities in photonics and optoelectronics applications. Strain alters energy band line up of a material furthermore influencing its carrier mobility which impacts a wide range of applications. In this article, the strain‐engineered NMs are reviewed using semiconductor materials as a model system for photonics and optoelectronics applications. While many fundamental aspects of NMs are discussed and outlined different methods for strain engineering of NM, the use of semiconductor NMs for photonics and optoelectronics applications is the locus of the present review article.
Single‐Component White Emissive Organic–Inorganic Hybrid Copper Halide Composite Films for Remote UV‐pumped White Light‐Emitting Diodes with High Color Rendering Index
Authors: Liu Zhe , Liu Zheng , Xie Lingling , Lv Ning , Yang Henan , Pi Huihui , Li Xitao , Li Siyi , Lin Zhengguo , Chen Bingkun 
Published: November 2024

AbstractLead‐free organic–inorganic metal halides (OIMHs) are highly desirable owing to their remarkable properties including low toxicity, structural diversity, high stability, and solution processability. Nevertheless, the development of their single‐component white emissive films remains a formidable challenge for remote white light‐emitting diodes (WLEDs) application. In this work, (C16H36N)2Cu2I4/polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF) white emissive composite film is successfully fabricated through an in situ solvent evaporation crystallization process at room temperature. The elemental analysis and bonding between (C16H36N)2Cu2I4 and PVDF are demonstrated by X‐ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) and Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) measurements. In addition, this composite film exhibits a broadband white emission with two peaks. Notably, the best photoluminescence quantum yields (PLQYs) of the PVDF based composite film reaches an impressive 96.7%. A (C16H36N)2Cu2I4/PVDF based remote UV‐pumped WLEDs with an impressive color rendering index of 95.5 is realized. Finally, the in situ fabrication method is expanded to fabricate (C16H36N)2Cu2I4/polyacrylonitrile (PAN) composite films, and we further realized their single component remote WLEDs.
Highly Tunable Moiré Superlattice Potentials in Twisted Hexagonal Boron Nitrides
Authors: Han Kwanghee , Cho Minhyun , Kim Taehyung , Kim Seung Tae , Kim Suk Hyun , Park Sang Hwa , Yang Sang Mo , Watanabe Kenji , Taniguchi Takashi , Menon Vinod , Kim Young Duck 
Published: November 2024

AbstractMoiré superlattice of twisted hexagonal boron nitride (hBN) has emerged as an advanced atomically thin van der Waals interfacial ferroelectricity platform. Nanoscale periodic ferroelectric moiré potentials in twisted hBN allow the hosting of remote Coulomb superlattice potentials to adjacent 2D materials. Therefore, the new strategies for engineering moiré length, angle, and potential strength are essential for developing programmable quantum materials. Here, it demonstrates the realization of twisted hBN‐based moiré superlattice platforms and visualizes the moiré domains and ferroelectric properties using Kelvin probe force microscopy (KPFM). Also, the regular moiré superlattice in the large area is reported. It offers the possibility to reproduce uniform moiré structures with precise control piezo stage stacking and heat annealing. It demonstrates cumulative multi‐ferroelectric polarization and multi‐level domains with multiple angle mismatched interfaces. Additionally, it observes the quasi‐1D anisotropic moiré domains and show the highest resolution analysis of the local built‐in strain between adjacent hBN layers compared to the conventional methods. Furthermore, in‐situ manipulation of moiré potential is demonstrated using femtosecond pulse laser, which results in the optical phonon‐induced atomic displacement at the hBN moiré interfaces. The results pave the way to develop precisely programmable moiré superlattice platforms and investigate strongly correlated physics.
Ru‐MnO Heterostructure Clusters Toward Efficient and CO‐Tolerant Alkaline Hydrogen Oxidation Reaction
Authors: Zhang Shaoqing , Ren Renjie , Cao Jing , Zhang Dezheng , Bai Jingsen , Han Ce , Xiao Li , Zhuang Lin , Song Ping , Xu Weilin 
Published: November 2024

AbstractDesigning efficient and CO‐tolerant catalysts for hydrogen oxidation reaction (HOR) in anode is one of the challenges for alkaline exchange membrane fuel cells in practical application. Herein, Ru‐MnO heterostructure with two adjacent clusters supported on commercial carbon (BP 2000) (denoted as Ru‐MnO/C) is designed to accelerate the sluggish kinetics of alkaline HOR. The cluster–cluster heterostructure interface modifies the electronic structure of Ru sites with electron transfer from Ru to MnO, then optimizes the adsorption of intermediates on Ru sites. Consequently, this catalyst exhibits high catalytic HOR activities in alkaline media with high exchange current density (3.71 mA cm−2) and mass activity (0.78 A mgRu−1). Meanwhile, the alkaline exchange membrane fuel cell delivers a specific peak power density (PPD) of 7.0 W mg−1Ru under H2/O2 condition, which is higher than that of most reported catalysts. More importantly, the catalyst also demonstrates the remarkable stability and CO‐tolerance. This work presents the superiority of cluster–cluster heterostructure interface toward efficient HOR, which is expected to further enlighten the design of advanced catalysts for electrocatalysis.
Influence of Coated Phycocyanin on Shelf Life of Infected Penaeus semisulcatus
Authors: Alibabaei Mahshid , Metcalf James S. , Nowruzi Bahareh 
Published: November 2024

ABSTRACTThe present study was undertaken to evaluate the antioxidant and antimicrobial activity of chitosan‐alginate‐coated phycocyanin (PC) extract from Spirulina sp. on Penaeus semisulcatus infected with Salmonella typhimurium stored at 4°C and 8°C for 21 days. Four groups of shrimp treatments—a control sample (without infection and PC), an infected sample without PC, a non‐infected sample + PC and an infected sample + PC—were used. The toxicity test revealed no toxicity of PC against Caenorhabditis elegans. The results of the pH, thiobarbituric acid, peroxide value (PV) and total volatile basic nitrogen showed that the lowest amounts of these factors were observed in the samples immersed in PC, whereas the highest values belonged to the samples infected with Salmonella. On the basis of the total number of bacteria in food (log 10⁷ CFU/g), the shelf life of shrimps treated with PC increased by 14 and 4 days at 4°C and 8°C, respectively, compared to the control. The diphenyl‐2‐picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) and ABTS results of the antioxidant activity indicated that the highest values were observed in the infected sample + PC after 21 days at 4°C and 8°C (82.65 ± 0.36 and 89.50 ± 0.43), respectively. The results of the colour assessment showed that the highest and lowest values belonged to the control sample (without infection and PC) and the non‐infected sample with PC, respectively. The results of sensory analysis showed that the samples enriched with PC had a higher overall acceptability than samples without PC. In conclusion, PC increased the shelf life of shrimp infected with Salmonella sp.
Optimizing potassium applications and harvest strategies to boost productivity of depleting alfalfa stands
Authors: Baidoo Michael M. , Islam M. Anowarul 
Published: November 2024

AbstractRejuvenating thinning alfalfa (Medicago sativa L.) stands with additional forage species have been ineffective in boosting productivity. Research is needed to identify practical solutions to extend the life of declining alfalfa and increase forage production. A 2‐year field study at the University of Wyoming James C. Hageman Sustainable Agriculture Research and Extension Center in Lingle, WY, investigated the interaction effect of K and harvest time on thin alfalfa stands. Treatments were (a) six K rates (0, 56, 112, 168, 224, and 280 kg K2O ha−1 year−1) applied to a ∼10‐year‐old alfalfa in the fall of 2019 and after the final harvest in the fall of 2020, and (b) two harvest times (early harvest, late bud to early [10%] bloom; late harvest, 7–10 days after early harvest), arranged in a 6 × 2 factorial under random complete blocks with four replications. Results showed a higher yield response to K at 224 kg K2O ha−1 year−1 and early harvest, and at 168 kg K2O ha−1 year−1 and late harvest particularly in soils with high soil test K levels (>300 mg kg−1). Harvest timing influenced alfalfa's K needs, with quadratic responses of forage accumulation to K rate observed at early (p < 0.001, R2 = 0.96) and late (p < 0.001, R2 = 0.84) harvests. The 168 kg K2O ha−1 year−1 increased stem density, increasing forage accumulation and profitability under both harvest systems. Stem density significantly impacts weed competition and stand productivity, with stem counts above 590 m−2 maintaining optimal yields. Alfalfa producers worldwide, particularly in Wyoming and similar environments, can rejuvenate depleting stands by applying moderate K rates (∼168 kg K2O ha−1 year−1) and adopting early or late harvest strategies when stem densities fall below ∼430 m−2. However, when stem counts remain above this threshold and weeds are well managed, continued harvesting may be an efficient strategy.
Farmers' Participation in Messenger‐Based Social Groups And Its Effects on Performance in Irrigated Areas of Kazakhstan and Uzbekistan
Authors: Kurbanov Zafar , Tadjiev Abdusame , Djanibekov Nodir , Govind Ajit , Akramkhanov Akmal 
Published: November 2024

ABSTRACTThe penetration of information and communication technologies (ICTs) in farming communities is increasing the use of smartphone‐based instant messaging apps. Despite this, the reasons behind participation and the impact on farm productivity in developing countries remain unexplored. This study uses survey data of cotton growers in Kazakhstan and Uzbekistan to explore factors explaining participation in social media groups and its impact on farm performance. The results show that the factors and benefits differ across these two countries. Participation in social media groups has a positive effect on cotton yields in both countries, but increases revenue only in Kazakhstan. We discuss possible reasons for contrasting results and policy implications for improving agricultural extension and advisory services in Central Asia. Scaling up smartphone‐based e‐extension should focus on younger, more educated farmers. Emphasizing associated economic benefits and fostering decision‐making autonomy among farmers will be crucial for creating conducive environment for benefiting from e‐extension services.
Ultrafast Excitonic Transitions in Enantiopure and Racemic Squaraine Thin Films
Authors: Bernhardt Robin , Rieland Lukas , Wang Tianyi , Schumacher Marvin F. , Lützen Arne , Schiek Manuela , van Loosdrecht Paul H. M. 
Published: November 2024

ABSTRACTWhile chirality is a prevalent character of numerous biological and synthetic organic molecules, its selective absorption of circularly polarized light, known as circular dichroism (CD), is typically small due to intrinsically weak coupling between magnetic and electric dipoles. However, thin films of aggregated, enantiopure prolinol‐derived squaraine molecules (ProSQ‐C16) exhibit an unusually large excitonic CD signal, although the underlying mechanism is not yet known. In this study, we employ steady‐state and ultrafast transient absorption spectroscopy to investigate the nature and dynamics of excitons in aggregates of enantiopure and racemic ProSQ‐C16 thin films. Highly resembling transient responses of enantiopure thin films under excitations at different photon energies strongly indicate that a single type of aggregate dominates the linear optical response, that is, a strong red‐shifted (J‐like) and weak blue‐shifted (H‐like) absorption band. On the other hand, the transient properties of the racemic thin film deviate from this pattern and remain largely ambiguous. The short lifetime of excited states and coherent oscillations present in the dynamics of the transient absorption signal indicate that the early time dynamics are governed by a transition towards a dark intermediate state, which might arise from intermolecular charge transfer with potential contributions from the coupling of excitons to the vibrations. This non‐radiative relaxation pathway explains the unusually weak fluorescence of the predominately J‐like behaving aggregate. Our findings conclusively show that the chiral aggregate structure has a strong impact on the optical and dynamic response of the excitons and underline the significance of non‐Frenkel exciton states for the optical properties of anilino squaraine dyes.
Synthesis, Chiroptical Properties, and Absolute Configuration Determination of Phenyl‐4‐pyridyl‐2,5‐dipyrimidinylmethane
Authors: Matsumoto Kouzou , Tanaka Rina , Miki Kaori , Konishi Akihito , Kurata Hiroyuki , Kubo Takashi , Pescitelli Gennaro , Matsuo Koichi , Nehira Tatsuo 
Published: November 2024

AbstractPhenyl‐4‐pyridyl‐2,5‐dipyrimidinylmethane (1) has been synthesized in five steps from 5‐methylpyrimidine. The structural feature of 1 is the symmetry elements with respect to the 180° rotation of the aryl group along the central C−C bonds. Due to this structural feature, the compound 1 is expected the good crystallinity despite of the asymmetric molecular structure. The optical resolution of 1 was achieved by high performance liquid chromatography using chiral stationary phase (chiral HPLC). The circular dichroism (CD) spectra of the two fractions showed opposite signs. As expected, the X‐ray crystallographic analysis was successfully performed for both the racemic and enantiomerically pure crystals of 1, with the nitrogen atoms being unambiguously assigned in both cases. It was concluded the first‐eluted fraction in chiral HPLC was determined to be S configuration both by the CD calculation for reproducing the experimental CD spectrum and by the anomalous diffraction of X‐ray crystallographic analysis of enantiomerically pure 1.
Goal‐Directed Rehabilitation Versus Standard Care for Individuals with Hereditary Cerebellar Ataxia: A Multicenter, Single‐Blind, Randomized Controlled Superiority Trial
Authors: Milne Sarah C , Roberts Melissa , Williams Shannon , Chua Jillian , Grootendorst Alison C , Agostinelli Genevieve , Grobler Anneke C , Ross Hannah L , Robinson Amy , Grove Kristen , Modderman Gabrielle , Price Annabel , Thomson Megan , Massey Libby , Liang Christina , Kumar Kishore R , Dalziel Kim , Burns Joshua , Sue Carolyn M , Pathirana Pubudu N , Horne Malcolm , Gelfand Nikki , Curd Helen , Szmulewicz David , Corben Louise A , Delatycki Martin B 
Published: November 2024

ObjectiveRehabilitation is thought to reduce ataxia severity in individuals with hereditary cerebellar ataxia (HCA). This multicenter, randomized controlled superiority trial aimed to examine the efficacy of a 30‐week goal‐directed rehabilitation program compared with 30 weeks of standard care on function, ataxia, health‐related quality of life, and balance in individuals with an HCA.MethodsIndividuals with an autosomal dominant or recessive ataxia (aged ≥15 years) were enrolled at 5 sites in Australia. Participants were randomized (1:1) to receive rehabilitation (6 weeks of outpatient physiotherapy followed by a 24‐week home exercise program) (n = 39) or continued their usual activity (n = 37). The primary outcome measure was the motor domain of the Functional Independence Measure (mFIM) at 7 weeks. Secondary outcomes included the Scale for the Assessment and Rating of Ataxia (SARA) and the SF‐36v2, assessed at 7, 18, and 30 weeks. Outcome assessors were blinded to treatment allocation.ResultsSeventy‐one participants (rehabilitation, 37; standard‐care, 34) were included in the intention‐to‐treat analysis. At 7 weeks, mFIM (mean difference 2.26, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.26 to 4.26, p = 0.028) and SARA (−1.21, 95% CI: −2.32 to −0.11, p = 0.032) scores improved after rehabilitation compared with standard care. Compared with standard care, rehabilitation improved SARA scores at 30 weeks (mean difference −1.51, 95% CI: −2.76 to −0.27, p = 0.017), but not mFIM scores (1.74, 95% CI: −0.32 to 3.81, p = 0.098). Frequent adverse events in both groups were fatigue, pain, and falls.InterpretationGoal‐directed rehabilitation improved function at 7 weeks, with improvement in ataxia and health‐related quality of life maintained at 30 weeks in individuals with HCA, beyond that of standard care. ANN NEUROL 2025;97:409–424
A comprehensive study on the application properties of different soft, hard, and functional monomers to polyacrylate emulsion and water‐based inks
Authors: Tian Xiyao , Li Jiajun , Lv Shirui , Zhang Junchao , Yu Liangyun , Liu Xintong , Xin Xiulan 
Published: November 2024

AbstractThe urge to protect the deteriorating ecosystem is compelling us to develop environmental‐friendly materials. In this paper, three different kinds of waterborne polyacrylate emulsions were synthesized with different hard, soft and hydroxyl‐containing functional monomers by semi‐continuous seed emulsion polymerization. Moreover, the influences of different monomers on the performances such as viscosity, adhesion, surface tension, particle size, stability, and contact angle were also investigated. Attractively, conclusions were deduced that with the growth of the monomer's alkyl chain length, the viscosity gradually increases and the surface tension gradually decreases. On the other hand, different functional monomers also have effect on the properties of the synthesized acrylic emulsions. Then the synthesized water‐based acrylic emulsions were used as binders for water‐based inks, the adhesion as well as initial dryness were tested and the recipe for water‐based ink with better performances was selected out. Our work maybe ignites a spark for the designation of acrylic emulsions for water‐based inks binders.