bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Contrast‐Enhanced Computed Tomography Scoring System for Distinguishing Early Osteoarthritis Disease States: A Feasibility Study
Authors: Stewart Rachel C. , Nelson Brad B. , Kawcak Chris E. , Freedman Jonathan D. , Snyder Brian D. , Goodrich Laurie R. , Grinstaff Mark W. 
Published: May 2019

ABSTRACTEarly detection of osteoarthritis (OA) remains a diagnostic challenge owing to insensitive diagnostic techniques currently available. Herein a new semiquantitative scoring system, based upon contrast‐enhanced computed tomographic (CECT) imaging, is described for further refinement of early OA disease staging. Trochlear ridge cartilage defects were surgically created in the femoropatellar joint of an adult horse (ACUC approved protocols). Seven weeks post‐surgery, CECT imaging was performed on a clinical scanner after intra‐articular injection of a cationic iodinated contrast agent, CA4+, into both injured and control femoropatellar joint compartments. The femoral cartilage surface was densely biopsied, and specimens were assessed for visual (Outerbridge score), functional (equilibrium compressive modulus), and biochemical (glycosaminoglycan content) measures of cartilage quality. Cartilage CECT attenuation was compared with cartilage quality measures using receiver operating characteristic curve analysis to establish attenuation thresholds for distinguishing among cartilage quality levels. CECT imaging identifies macroscopically damaged cartilage regions and in morphologically identical tissue provides moderately sensitive and specific semiquantitative segregation of cartilage quality based upon CECT attenuation, reflecting both glycosaminoglycan content and compressive stiffness of cartilage area under the curve (AUC = 0.83 [95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.72–0.93] for distinguishing poor quality and AUC = 0.76 [95% CI: 0.65–0.90] for distinguishing healthy quality cartilage). A semiquantitative 6‐point scoring system—the Osteoarthritis Attenuation and Morphological Assessment (OAMA) score—is proposed as a tool for assessing cartilage quality from CECT images. The OAMA scoring system expands the current disease staging capability of early OA by inclusion of morphological, biochemical, and biomechanical assessments. © 2019 Orthopaedic Research Society. Published by Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Orthop Res 37:2138–2148, 2019
Temperature‐induced phonon behavior in titanium disulfide (TiS2) nanosheets
Authors: Dużyńska A. , Judek J. , Wilczyński K. , Zberecki K. , Łapińska A. , Wróblewska A. , Zdrojek M. 
Published: May 2019

AbstractA detailed study of temperature‐dependent phonon properties of exfoliated titanium disulphide (TiS2) nanosheets probed by Raman spectroscopy in the 80‐ to 450‐K temperature range is reported here. The TiS2 Raman mode (Eg, A1g, and Sh) positions exhibit linear shift dependences; however, in contradiction to typical behavior, the Sh mode surprisingly exhibits positive first‐order temperature coefficient (χ=0.0592 cm‐1/K) with increase of the temperature. In addition, the widths of studied peaks typically increase with temperature and peak intensity ratio shows no changes proving that relative phonon population is not affected by temperature. Our findings can be useful for further analysis of phonon properties and determination of thermal conductivity of supported TiS2 thin films for advanced electronics devices.
A blended inherent optical property algorithm for global satellite ocean color observations
Authors: Shi Wei , Wang Menghua 
Published: May 2019

AbstractWater inherent optical properties (IOPs) can be derived from satellite‐measured normalized water‐leaving radiance (nLw(λ)) spectra. In this study, we evaluate the performance of the quasi‐analytical algorithm (QAA) and the near‐infrared (NIR)‐based IOP algorithm using a Hydrolight simulation data set covering a wide range of water types that span from clear open ocean to turbid coastal/inland waters. The NIR‐based algorithm produces significantly improved IOP retrievals over turbid coastal and inland waters, while the QAA algorithm performs well in the open ocean and less turbid coastal waters. Based on the advantages of the NIR‐based and QAA‐based algorithms, a combination of the NIR‐ and QAA‐based algorithm has been proposed using satellite‐measured nLw(745) as the threshold in order to produce accurate IOP products for both the open ocean and turbid coastal/inland waters. The new combined IOP algorithm can produce reasonably accurate IOP data for all water types, and can be easily implemented into the satellite ocean color data processing. The La Plata River Estuary region is used as an example to show the difference in performance of IOP retrievals from the Visible Infrared Imaging Radiometer Suite (VIIRS) measurements between 2012 and 2017 with the NIR‐based, QAA‐based, and NIR‐QAA combined IOP algorithms. We also demonstrate that the NIR‐QAA combined algorithm can be applied to VIIRS global ocean color observations to derive good quality IOP products in China's east coastal region, the US east coastal region, and the region of Mississippi River Estuary and tributaries.
Breaking Out the Traditional Polymerization: Tailoring the Shape, Structure, and Optical Properties of Polydopamine by Using CdTe Quantum Dots
Authors: Ortega Greter A. , Zuaznabar‐Gardona Julio C. , Mendoza‐León Héctor F. , Cayetano‐Castro Nicolás , Acevedo‐Peña Próspero , Reguera Edilso 
Published: May 2019

AbstractThe potential applications of shape‐controlled polymeric nanostructures demand well‐defined methods to create tailored shapes. On the other hand, polydopamine (PDA) is a novel polymer promising a variety of innovative applications in many different areas. Since there is no consensus on the pathways involved in the mechanism of formation of PDA, the control of the final morphologies of PDA nanostructures is a challenging task. Herein, it is demonstrated for the first time, how CdTe quantum dots (CdTe QDs) can be used to control the final shape of polymeric structures, in particular, PDA particles. Oxidative self‐polymerization of dopamine is performed in the presence of CdTe QDs, which triggers the formation of blue‐colored rod‐like PDA particles. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), UV‐Vis, Fourier transform infrared (FT‐IR) and Raman spectroscopies, and electrochemical techniques are employed to characterize the structural features of the rod‐like PDA particles. Herein, CdTe QDs modulate the oxidative polymerization of dopamine by the supramolecular assembly of PDA building blocks by π–π and hydrogen bonding interactions, coordination with cadmium ions, and electron transfer processes. The results illustrated here describe a new strategy to manipulate the morphology of PDA nanostructures leading to novel optical properties, opening new applications, and shedding light on the complex mechanism of PDA formation.
Reprocessable and Shape Memory Thermosetting Epoxy Resins Based on Silyl Ether Equilibration
Authors: Liu Qinfeng , Jiang Liang , Zhao Yuanyang , Wang Yi , Lei Jingxin 
Published: May 2019

AbstractA novel epoxy thermoset is synthesized with dynamic SiOSi bonds. The thermosetting epoxy resins possess excellent reprocessing, reshaping, and shape memory ability due to the special molecular structure. The material exhibits high tensile strength and a fast stress relaxation process. Surprisingly, it can achieve complete healing and keep stable mechanical property after multi‐processing.
Scales to assess impulsive and compulsive behaviors in Parkinson's disease: Critique and recommendations
Authors: Evans Andrew H. , Okai David , Weintraub Daniel , Lim Shen‐Yang , O'Sullivan Sean S. , Voon Valerie , Krack Paul , Sampaio Cristina , Post Bart , Leentjens Albert F.G. , Martinez‐Martin Pablo , Stebbins Glenn T. , Goetz Christopher G. , Schrag Anette ,   the Members of the International Parkinson and Movement Disorder Society (IPMDS) Rating Scales Review Committee
Published: May 2019

AbstractImpulse control disorders (ICDs) and related impulsive and compulsive behaviors (together called ICBs) have been increasingly recognized in the context of Parkinson's disease (PD) and treatment. The International Parkinson's and Movement Disorder Society commissioned a task force to assess available clinical screening instruments and rating scales, including their clinimetric properties, make recommendations regarding their utility, and suggest future directions in scale development and validation. The literature was systematically searched for scales measuring a range of reported ICBs in PD. A scale was designated “recommended” if the scale had been employed in PD studies, been used beyond the group that developed it, and had adequate clinimetric data published for PD. Numerous diagnostic screening tools and severity rating scales were identified for a range of ICBs, including compulsive medication use, punding/hobbyism, walkabout, pathological gambling, hypersexuality, compulsive or binge eating, compulsive buying, reckless driving, compulsive exercise, pyromania, trichotillomania, hoarding, kleptomania, intermittent explosive disorder, and internet addiction. For screening across the range of ICBs (except compulsive medication use), the Questionnaire for Impulsive‐Compulsive Disorders in Parkinson's disease (QUIP) and QUIP‐Rating Scale (QUIP‐RS) are recommended, and for severity rating across the range of ICBs the QUIP‐RS and the Ardouin Scale of Behavior in Parkinson's Disease are recommended. The Scale for Outcomes in Parkinson's Disease–Psychiatric Complications is recommended for rating of hypersexuality and the compulsive behaviors gambling/shopping. Further testing of established scales against gold standard diagnostic criteria is urgently required for all other individual ICBs in PD. © 2019 International Parkinson and Movement Disorder Society © 2019 International Parkinson and Movement Disorder Society
Peripheral mitochondrial function correlates with clinical severity in idiopathic Parkinson's disease
Authors: Milanese Chiara , Payán‐Gómez César , Galvani Marta , Molano González Nicolás , Tresini Maria , Nait Abdellah Soraya , van Roon‐Mom Willeke M. C. , Figini Silvia , Marinus Johan , van Hilten Jacobus J. , Mastroberardino Pier G. 
Published: May 2019

AbstractBackgroundParkinson's disease is an intractable disorder with heterogeneous clinical presentation that may reflect different underlying pathogenic mechanisms. Surrogate indicators of pathogenic processes correlating with clinical measures may assist in better patient stratification. Mitochondrial function, which is impaired in and central to PD pathogenesis, may represent one such surrogate indicator.MethodsMitochondrial function was assessed by respirometry experiment in fibroblasts derived from idiopathic patients (n = 47) in normal conditions and in experimental settings that do not permit glycolysis and therefore force energy production through mitochondrial function. Respiratory parameters and clinical measures were correlated with bivariate analysis. Machine‐learning‐based classification and regression trees were used to classify patients on the basis of biochemical and clinical measures. The effects of mitochondrial respiration on α‐synuclein stress were assessed monitoring the protein phosphorylation in permitting versus restrictive glycolysis conditions.ResultsBioenergetic properties in peripheral fibroblasts correlate with clinical measures in idiopathic patients, and the correlation is stronger with predominantly nondopaminergic signs. Bioenergetic analysis under metabolic stress, in which energy is produced solely by mitochondria, shows that patients’ fibroblasts can augment respiration, therefore indicating that mitochondrial defects are reversible. Forcing energy production through mitochondria, however, favors α‐synuclein stress in different cellular experimental systems. Machine‐learning‐based classification identified different groups of patients in which increasing disease severity parallels higher mitochondrial respiration.ConclusionThe suppression of mitochondrial activity in PD may be an adaptive strategy to cope with concomitant pathogenic factors. Moreover, mitochondrial measures in fibroblasts are potential peripheral biomarkers to follow disease progression. © 2019 The Authors. Movement Disorders published by Wiley Periodicals, Inc. on behalf of International Parkinson and Movement Disorder Society.
Reporting of data analysis methods in psychiatric journals: Trends from 1996 to 2018
Authors: Nieminen Pentti , Kaur Jasleen 
Published: May 2019

AbstractObjectivesThe article aims to evaluate how study designs and data analysis methods in psychiatric studies have changed over the last 22 years.MethodsThis study involved a total of 320 papers published in 1996 and 2018 in the American Journal of Psychiatry, Acta Psychiatrica Scandinavica, British Journal of Psychiatry, and JAMA Psychiatry. We manually reviewed the articles to determine the way in which they reported the study characteristics and the methods applied in data analysis.ResultsThe statistical intensity in psychiatric journals has changed over the past 20 years. Traditional methods of testing statistical significance were widely used both in 1996 and in 2018. In 2018, there was an increase in reporting more complex methods, such as multivariable regression models, multilevel modelling, and intracluster correlation methods. However, computationally complex data mining or machine learning procedures were not adopted by psychiatric researchers.ConclusionThe increase in statistical intensity in the literature suggests that readers of prominent psychiatric journals must possess a substantial level of statistical expertise if they wish to critically evaluate the findings published in these journals. It is essential to include an awareness of this substantial change in data analysis methods in psychiatric undergraduate and postgraduate education.
Proteomic markers of low and high fertility bovine spermatozoa separated by Percoll gradient
Authors: D'Amours Olivier , Calvo Ézéquiel , Bourassa Sylvie , Vincent Patrick , Blondin Patrick , Sullivan Robert 
Published: May 2019

AbstractIn the context of artificial insemination, male fertility is defined as the ability to produce functional spermatozoa able to withstand cryopreservation. We hypothesized that interindividual variations in fertility depend on the proportion of the fully functional sperm population contained in the insemination dose. The objective of this study was to identify protein markers of the fully functional sperm subpopulation. Insemination doses from four high‐fertility (HF) and four low‐fertility (LF) bulls with comparable post‐thaw quality parameters were selected for proteomic analysis using iTRAQ technology. Thawed semen was centrifuged through a Percoll gradient to segregate the motile (high density [HD]) from the immotile (low density [LD]) sperm populations. Sperm proteins were extracted with sodium deoxycholate and four groups were compared: LD and HD spermatozoa from LF and HF bulls. A total of 498 unique proteins were identified and quantified. Comparison of HD spermatozoa from HF and LF bulls revealed that five proteins were significantly more abundant in the HF group (AK8, TPI1, TSPAN8, OAT, and DBIL5) whereas five proteins were more abundant in the LF group (RGS22, ATP5J, CLU, LOC616319, and CCT5). Comparison of LD spermatozoa from HF and LF bulls revealed that four proteins were significantly more abundant in the HF group (IL4I1, CYLC2, OAT, and ARMC3) whereas 15 proteins were significantly more abundant in the LF group (HADHA, HSP90AA1, DNASE1L3, SLC25A20, GPX5, TCP1, HIP1, CLU, G5E622, LOC616319, HSPA2, NUP155, DPY19L2, SPERT, and SERPINE2). DBIL5, TSPAN8, and TPI1 showed potential as putative markers of the fully functional sperm subpopulation.
Evaluation of suitable antigens and adjuvant concentration for sublingual immunization to prevent periodontal disease
Authors: Chang Emily , Kobayashi Ryoki , Hagiwara Mio , Komiya Masamichi , Kurita‐Ochiai Tomoko 
Published: May 2019

AbstractThe oral cavity is dominated by both mucosal and systemic immune systems, due to the presence of immunoglobulin (Ig)A antibodies (Abs) in saliva and IgG Abs in gingival crevicular fluid. Transmucosally administered vaccines allowing the development of both systemic and local immune responses are thus optimal for preventing oral infections. We assessed the capacity of a mucosal vaccine targeting recombinant HSP60 from Porphyromonas gingivalis (GroEL) to induce protective mucosal immune responses. As the basic experiment, optimal concentrations of GroEL as antigen (Ag) and synthetic oligonucleotides containing unmethylated CpG dinucleotide (CpG ODN) as a mucosal adjuvant for sublingual immunization were examined in mice. GroEL‐specific immune responses were observed in sublingual immunization with a combination of GroEL plus cholera toxin or GroEL plus CpG ODN. The optimal concentrations of GroEL and CpG ODN as antigen and adjuvant in sublingual immunization were 3 and 25 μg per mouse, respectively. These results suggest that the sublingual administration of GroEL plus CpG ODN is effective for inducing mucosal and systemic Ag‐specific Ab responses.
The use of pharmacokinetically guided carboplatin chemotherapy in a pre‐term infant with neuroblastoma‐associated spinal cord compression
Authors: Hawley Jessica , Veal Gareth J. , Errington Julie , McDonald Leigh G. , Tweddle Deborah A. 
Published: May 2019

AbstractNeonatal neuroblastoma may require chemotherapy either due to mass effect or unfavourable cytogenetics. This case focuses on using pharmacokinetic (PK) guided chemotherapy to treat neonatal neuroblastoma. A newborn baby was noted to have left leg immobility. Imaging showed a retroperitoneal tumour with spinal canal extension causing spinal cord compression. PK‐guided carboplatin was given after conventionally dosed chemotherapy demonstrated no improvement. After initiation of PK therapy, clinical and radiological improvement was seen. We discuss our decision to use PK‐guided chemotherapy despite guidelines recommending weight‐based dosing and discuss the benefits in terms of clinical efficacy without increased toxicity.
Dielectric analysis monitoring of thermoset curing with ionic liquids: From modeling to the prediction in the resin transfer molding process
Authors: Demleitner Martin , Sanchez‐Vazquez Sandra Aline , Raps Daniel , Bakis Gökhan , Pflock Tobias , Chaloupka Alexander , Schmölzer Stefan , Altstädt Volker 
Published: May 2019

AbstractThe aim of the present work was to establish a cure‐prediction via dielectric analysis (DEA) for a bisphenol A diglycidyl ether (DGEBA) epoxy cured with an imidazolium‐based ionic liquid [EMIM][N(CN)2]. Ionic liquids caught increasingly attention in the composite industry due to their potential use as efficient latent curing agent and hence possible optimization of production cycles. Dielectric analysis is a promising tool for mass‐scale composite production for monitoring cure and as feedback control system, however a profound correlation to thermal and rheological properties is necessary. For this purpose, complementary cure kinetic modeling of the neat system was first carried out via differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) to allow the prediction of the degree of cure and glass transition temperature Tg during the curing cycle. The focus laid on the comparison between isoconversional and model‐based prediction and the influence of the implementation of the diffusion factor. Dielectric measurements were conducted and afterwards a cure prediction based on these results was established. Problems with ionic liquids as curing agent along with using DEA as characterization method were addressed. Consequently, to verify the previously obtained outcome, dielectric analysis was conducted to real‐time monitor the crosslinking during the resin transfer molding (RTM) process. Sufficient agreement to theoretical cure prediction based on DSC and DEA results with actual conversion during RTM was observed.
Nature and frequency of dosing instructions on prescription labels in primary care
Authors: Borgsteede Sander D. , Heringa Mette 
Published: May 2019

AbstractPurposeTo investigate the nature and frequency of dosing instructions and auxiliary labels on prescription labels in primary care.MethodsA retrospective analysis of data on prescription labels of dispensed drugs extracted from the pharmacy information system of community pharmacies in the Netherlands. Dosing instructions were categorized into four types.ResultsData were extracted from 123 community pharmacies. All drugs dispensed for a random sample of 10% of patients were selected. In the sample of 938 479 prescriptions, 96% had a predefined dosing instruction and 2995 different coded instructions were used. Ninety‐five percent of all instructions were covered by 354 coded instructions. Most prescriptions were coded with an instruction indicating once daily use (48.4%) or twice or more times daily use (23.8%) without specification of the time (eg, “1 tablet 1 time a day”). A general instruction (“use as directed”) was given for 7.0% of all prescriptions, and for 6.0%, the instruction was to use “as needed.” For most prescriptions (80.6%), one or more auxiliary labels were generated with the warning “may cause drowsiness” (17.9%) being the most frequent one.ConclusionsA limited set of instructions covered the majority of the prescriptions. About a quarter of the prescription labels contained nonspecific dosing instructions for use multiple times a day, and 13.0% were general or “use as needed” instructions. These instructions can potentially be made more comprehensible by rewording and specification of the time of day.
Synthesis and characterization of biodegradable aliphatic–aromatic nanocomposites fabricated using maleic acid‐grafted poly[(butylene adipate)‐co‐terephthalate] and organically modified layered zinc phenylphosphonate
Authors: Wang Hsiang‐Ting , Wang Jie‐Mao , Wu Tzong‐Ming 
Published: May 2019

AbstractA new series of biodegradable aliphatic–aromatic nanocomposites containing maleic acid‐grafted poly[(butylene adipate)‐co‐terephthalate] (g‐PBAT) and organically modified layered zinc phenylphosphonate (m‐PPZn) were successfully synthesized through transesterification and polycondensation processes with covalent linkages between the polymeric and inorganic materials. Fourier transform infrared and 13C NMR spectra demonstrate the successful grafting of maleic acid to PBAT. The morphology of g‐PBAT/m‐PPZn nanocomposites was investigated using wide‐angle X‐ray diffraction and transmission electron microscopy. Results showed that the stacking layers of m‐PPZn were distributed and intercalated into the g‐PBAT polymer matrix. The incorporation of m‐PPZn into the g‐PBAT matrix significantly enhanced the storage modulus at −70 °C as compared to that of neat g‐PBAT. A reduction in thermal stability was observed for all g‐PBAT/m‐PPZn systems, which is probably due to the lower thermal stability of m‐PPZn. The biodegradation of neat g‐PBAT copolymers and g‐PBAT/m‐PPZn nanocomposites was investigated using lipase from Pseudomonas sp. The degradation rates of neat g‐PBAT copolymers decrease in the order g‐PBAT‐80 > g‐PBAT‐50 > g‐PBAT‐20. The faster degradation rate of g‐PBAT‐80 is a result of the higher content of adipate acid units and the chain flexibility of the polymer backbone. Furthermore, the weight loss increases as the loading of m‐PPZn increases, indicating that the presence of m‐PPZn improves the degradation of the g‐PBAT copolymers. This result might be accounted for by the lower degree of crystallinity for g‐PBAT/m‐PPZn nanocomposites. © 2019 Society of Chemical Industry