bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Android based voice assistant for blind people
Authors: Barata Marcos , Galih Salman Afan , Faahakhododo Ikhtiar , Kanigoro Bayu 
Published: July 2018

Purpose
The purpose of this study is to discuss the development of Android-based Intelligent Software Assistant application for visually challenged or blind people. The application is intended to help people with visual limitations or blind people to access Android-based devices so that they can use library resources by using android devices.

Design/methodology/approach
The necessary data are collected from journals, articles, books and questionnaires, and similar applications are analyzed. The application design method used is the Scrum method, which consists of Backlog, Sprint and Scrum Meeting. From the operational side of the application, the method used is speech-to-text and text-to-speech.

Findings
This application has been tried with some users who have total blindness and low vision, and all provided a good response to this application. From the performance side, the user gives a very satisfied response to this application. While the ease of using the application, the user also provides a satisfactory response to the ease of using this application.

Research limitations/implications
The application still has limitations in penetration to the user, and the application is only built using Android as its platform. In addition, the dependence on libraries from Google has caused difficulties in implementing this application with local dialect, which is only understood by the local community.

Social implication
This application has implications for the society, especially those with limitations in eyesight can be so much more productive and independent. This can reduce the social burden in society.

Originality/value
This application provides an easy access of an android device to blind people and people with low vision, as well as access to library resources with devices that have been installed with this application. This facility can improve the library accessibility to the blind and visually challenged community.
An overview of intuitionistic linguistic fuzzy information aggregations and applications
Authors: Liu Peide , Gao Hui 
Published: July 2018

Purpose
Intuitionistic linguistic fuzzy information (ILFI), characterized by linguistic terms and intuitionistic fuzzy sets (IFSs), can easily express the fuzzy information in the process of muticriteria decision making (MCDM) and muticriteria group decision making (MCGDM) problems. The purpose of this paper is to provide an overview of aggregation operators (AOs) and applications of ILFI.

Design/methodology/approach
First, some meaningful AOs for ILFI are summarized, and some extended MCDM approaches for intuitionistic uncertain linguistic variables (IULVs), such as extended TOPSIS, extended TODIM, extended VIKOR, are discussed. Then, the authors summarize and analyze the applications about the AOs of IULVs.

Findings
IULVs, characterized by linguistic terms and IFSs, can more detailed and comprehensively express the criteria values in the process of MCDM and MCGDM. Therefore, lots of researchers pay more and more attention to the MCDM or MCGDM methods with IULVs.

Originality/value
The authors summarize and analyze the applications about the AOs of IULVs Finally, the authors point out some possible directions for future research.
The impact of strategic CSR marketing communications on customer engagement
Authors: Chomvilailuk Rojanasak , Butcher Ken 
Published: July 2018

Purpose
The purpose of this paper is to determine the effectiveness of strategic corporate social responsibility (CSR) initiatives that seek to enhance customer engagement, through different forms of positive word of mouth.

Design/methodology/approach
A total of 258 responses were collected from customers of mobile telephone service providers, and analysed using t-tests, ANOVA and structural equation modelling. The survey embedded a realistic press release, purporting to originate from the respondent’s service provider, communicating CSR information.

Findings
Mobile telephone users are largely indifferent to CSR communication activities but segments of the market respond differently. Customer-perceived community value of the strategic CSR initiative to the intended beneficiary of the activity was found to be an effective antecedent of customer engagement.

Research limitations/implications
Alternative modes of customer engagement have the potential to enhance customer discourse. Customer-perceived community value of the strategic initiative provides further explanatory power to the CSR–customer relationship.

Practical implications
Customer-perceived community value can be used as a planning tool for marketers to gauge the effectiveness of CSR advertising campaigns before launch. Managers can adapt their CSR communications message to better reflect customer concerns.

Social implications
NGOs that offer greater perceived community value can partner with companies more successfully.

Originality/value
A holistic CSR-centric approach to evaluate strategic CSR initiatives and determine their influence on alternative forms of customer engagement is novel.
Natural convection flow in a vertical micro-annulus with time-periodic thermal boundary conditions
Authors: Jha Basant Kumar , Oni Michael O. 
Published: July 2018

Purpose
The purpose of this paper is to investigate the impact of time-periodic thermal boundary conditions on natural convection flow in a vertical micro-annulus.

Design/methodology/approach
Analytical solution in terms of Bessel’s function and modified Bessel’s function of order 0 and 1 is obtained for velocity, temperature, Nusselt number, skin friction and mass flow rate.

Findings
It is established that the role of Knudsen number and fluid–wall interaction parameter is to decrease fluid temperature, velocity, Nusselt number and skin friction.

Research limitations/implications
No laboratory practical or experiment was conducted.

Practical implications
Cooling device in electronic panels, card and micro-chips is frequently cooled by natural convection.

Originality/value
In view of the amount of works done on natural convection in microchannel, it becomes interesting to investigate the effect that time-periodic heating has on natural convection flow in a vertical micro-annulus. The purpose of this paper is to examine the impact of time-periodic thermal boundary conditions on natural convection flow in a vertical micro-annulus.
Sex differences in posttraumatic stress and depressive symptoms in police officers following exposure to violence in Ferguson
Authors: Beagley Marin C. , Peterson Zoë D. , Strasshofer David R. , Galovski Tara E. 
Published: July 2018

Purpose
Women comprise a significant and growing proportion of the law enforcement population. Despite this, their potentially unique reactions to job-related posttraumatic stress symptoms (PTSS) and depression have been underrepresented in the relevant literature, particularly within the context of exposure to community violence. Also understudied is the role of empathy in the development of post-trauma reactions, which has been a risk factor for the development of posttraumatic distress in previous studies. With the recent endorsement of empathy training by the President’s Task Force on 21st Century Policing, it is important to examine ways in which empathy may contribute to differences in PTSS and depression for male and female officers. The paper aims to discuss this issue.

Design/methodology/approach
Male and female police officers (n=189) exposed to violence during the 2014 Ferguson protests completed a battery of measures designed to assess demographic information, prior trauma history, and mental health outcomes.

Findings
Moderation analyses showed that empathy moderated the relationships between exposure and PTSS and exposure and depression in female officers, such that exposure was associated with higher posttraumatic stress and depressive symptoms only for female officers with high levels of empathy. These relationships were not found for men.

Originality/value
This study is the first to examine sex differences and the role of empathy in the mental health effects of law enforcement secondary to violence during community protests against policing.
Secondary traumatic stress in police officers investigating childhood sexual abuse
Authors: Hurrell Amy-Kate , Draycott Simon , Andrews Leanne 
Published: July 2018

Purpose
Previous research has indicated that helping professionals working with traumatised individuals are susceptible to adverse effects which can be recognised as secondary traumatic stress (STS). The purpose of this paper is to explore STS in police officer’s investigating childhood sexual abuse (CSA) in the UK.

Design/methodology/approach
This study employed a cross-sectional, quantitative design. An online questionnaire was completed by 101 Child Abuse Investigation Unit (CAIU) police officers in England and Wales. STS, coping strategies, anxiety, depression and demographic information was collected for all participants.

Findings
It was indicated that increased exposure to CSA, measured by number of interviews in the past six months, was associated with higher levels of STS. Positive coping strategies, negative coping strategies, anxiety and depression all had a strong, positive relationship with STS.

Research limitations/implications
This paper is a first step to understanding STS in CAIU police officers in the England and Wales. This area of research remains under-developed and would benefit from further attention in the future.

Originality/value
This is the first known study of its kind in the UK.
The importance of external stakeholders for police body-worn camera diffusion
Authors: Todak Natalie , Gaub Janne E. , White Michael D. 
Published: July 2018

PurposeThe diffusion of innovations paradigm suggests that stakeholders’ acceptance of a police innovation shapes how it spreads and impacts the larger criminal justice system. A lack of support by external stakeholders for police body-worn cameras (BWCs) can short-circuit their intended benefits. The purpose of this paper is to examine the perceptions of BWCs among non-police stakeholders who are impacted by the technology as well as how BWCs influence their daily work processes.Design/methodology/approachThe authors conducted interviews and focus groups (n=41) in two US cities where the police department implemented BWCs. The interviewees range from courtroom actors (e.g. judges, prosecutors) to those who work with police in the field (e.g. fire and mental health), city leaders, civilian oversight members, and victim advocates.FindingsExternal stakeholders are highly supportive of the new technology. Within the diffusion of innovations framework, this support suggests that the adoption of BWCs will continue. However, the authors also found the decision to implement BWCs carries unique consequences for external stakeholders, implying that a comprehensive planning process that takes into account the views of all stakeholders is critical.Originality/valueDespite the recent diffusion of BWCs in policing, this is the first study to examine the perceptions of external stakeholders. More broadly, few criminologists have applied the diffusion of innovations framework to understand how technologies and other changes emerge and take hold in the criminal justice system. This study sheds light on the spread of BWCs within this framework and offers insights on their continued impact and consequences.
Police cynicism in Serbia: prevalence, nature and associations with job satisfaction
Authors: Zekavica Radomir , Simeunovic-Patic Biljana , Potgieter Phillippus J. , Roelofse Cornelis J. 
Published: July 2018

Purpose
The purpose of this paper is to present the results of the first research on prevalence, nature and correlates of the police cynicism in Serbia, with particular attention to the associations of cynicism with job satisfaction.

Design/methodology/approach
Data were collected using a paper-based survey, and obtained from 472 police officers from five police departments across the country. For the purpose of measuring of organizational and work aspects of police cynicism a new developed 24 five-level Likert-type items scale was used.

Findings
The results show that cynicism is normally distributed. No statistically significant gender, education or police rank differences were identified, and the length of service does not appear to influence cynical attitudes significantly. Cynicism scores statistically significantly varied across police departments and predicted job dissatisfaction. The underlying four-factor structure of police cynicism was identified. The factors include: general organizational cynicism; cynicism toward police hierarchy/superiors; cynicism toward public/citizen cooperation; and cynicism toward modernization of policing in the crime control field.

Research limitations/implications
The generalizability of the sample is limited, giving that participants come from only five out of a total of 27 police departments in the country, while the female police officers and officers with education higher than high school were somewhat overrepresented.

Originality/value
This research provides some more evidence on the nature and determinants of police cynicism that might inspire future research in this important but under-researched area. It implies that the need to explore more deeply relations between police cynicism and stress, burnout and particularly contextual and departmental factors that might be influential to police cynicism. It might also incite future research on the internal structure of police cynicism.
Media consumption and perceptions of police legitimacy
Authors: Graziano Lisa M. , Gauthier Jane Florence 
Published: July 2018

Purpose
Given the heightened scrutiny of police by the media in the post-Ferguson era, the purpose of this paper is to test hypotheses derived from the cultivation theory regarding possible media-related effects on perceptions of police legitimacy.

Design/methodology/approach
A sample of 1,197 residents from a mid-size California city was surveyed. Regression analyses were conducted to examine the relative effects of media consumption and personal experience on perceptions of police legitimacy.

Findings
Partial support for the cultivation theory was found. Those who reported local TV as their most important news source saw police as more legitimate than those who reported the internet as most important. Consistent with past research, procedural justice was the strongest predictor of perceptions of police legitimacy for those recently stopped by the police. Awareness of negative media depictions of police, however, also had independent effects indicating that media consumption does impact perceptions of police legitimacy.

Originality/value
While a wealth of research on the relationship between procedural justice and perceptions of police legitimacy exists, no previous research has examined the role media consumption plays in shaping such perceptions.
Transmission risk predicts avoidance of infected conspecifics in Trinidadian guppies
Authors: Stephenson Jessica F. , Perkins Sarah E. , Cable Joanne 
Published: July 2018

AbstractAssociating with conspecifics afflicted with infectious diseases increases the risk of becoming infected, but engaging in avoidance behaviour incurs the cost of lost social benefits. Across systems, infected individuals vary in the transmission risk they pose, so natural selection should favour risk‐sensitive avoidance behaviour that optimally balances the costs and benefits of sociality.Here, we use the guppyPoecilia reticulata–Gyrodactylus turnbullihost–parasite system to test the prediction that individuals avoid infected conspecifics in proportion to the transmission risk they pose.In dichotomous choice tests, uninfected fish avoided both the chemical and visual cues, presented separately, of infected conspecifics only in the later stages of infection.A transmission experiment indicated that this avoidance behaviour accurately tracked transmission risk (quantified as both the speed at which transmission occurs and the number of parasites transmitting) through the course of infection.Together, these findings reveal that uninfected hosts can use redundant cues across sensory systems to inform dynamic risk‐sensitive avoidance behaviour. This correlation between the transmission risk posed by infected individuals and the avoidance response they elicit has implications for the evolutionary ecology of infectious disease, and its explicit inclusion may improve the ability of epidemic models to predict disease spread.
Children and adolescents with phenylketonuria display fluctuations in their blood phenylalanine levels
Authors: Feldmann R , Schallert M , Nguyen T , Och U , Rutsch F , Weglage J 
Published: July 2018

AbstractAimThis study examined the impact of fluctuations in metabolic control on the intelligence quotient (IQ) of children and adolescents with early, continuously treated phenylketonuria (PKU).MethodsThis was a clinic‐based study carried out at University Hospital Munster, Germany, from 2015 to 2017. We investigated 49 patients (28 boys) with early treated PKU, who were aged 6–18 years with a mean age of 11.2 ± 4.1 years. All the patients were on a continuous phenylalanine‐restricted diet. Of the 49 patients, 29 (18 boys) had classic PKU and 21 patients (11 girls) had mild PKU. The patients’ blood phenylalanine levels were assessed every week for 26 weeks and analysed for fluctuations, indicated by the standard deviation of the individual blood phenylalanine levels. We also assessed the concurrent Full Scale IQ (FSIQ) of the patients.ResultsIn patients with classic PKU, FSIQ was negatively correlated with blood phenylalanine levels, but not with level fluctuations. In patients with mild PKU, FSIQ was not correlated with blood phenylalanine levels, but was negatively correlated with level fluctuations.ConclusionThe blood phenylalanine levels of patients with mild PKU showed minor interindividual differences, which may have allowed fluctuations to exert a negative effect on the FSIQ.
An alternative intermittent eltrombopag dosing protocol for the treatment of chronic immune thrombocytopenia
Authors: Al‐Samkari Hanny , Kuter David J. 
Published: July 2018

Eltrombopag, an oral thrombopoietin receptor agonist, is dosed daily to treat chronic immune thrombocytopenia (ITP). As it has a half‐life of 26–35 h in ITP patients and requires patents to abide by strict dietary restrictions that may impair quality of life and reduce compliance, we developed an alternative intermittent (AI) eltrombopag dosing protocol for ITP, with dosing less frequent than once daily. Ten patients were treated with AI dosing for a median of 94 (range: 29–156) weeks, with most patients treated with 2–4 weekly doses for extended durations. During AI dosing, 95%, 84% and 71% of all platelet counts were ≥20 × 109 l–1, ≥50 × 109 l–1 and ≥100 × 109 l–1, respectively. Five patients required rescue treatment for thrombocytopenia and World Health Organization grade 1 mucocutaneous bleeding, and there were no thromboembolic events. In summary, intermittently dosed eltrombopag was efficacious in treating chronic ITP in a small cohort, with rates of platelet response and rescue treatment comparable with rates in studies evaluating daily dosing.
Different responses of soil organic carbon fractions to additions of nitrogen
Authors: Chen H. , Li D. , Feng W. , Niu S. , Plante A. , Luo Y. , Wang K. 
Published: July 2018

SummaryCarbon–nitrogen (C–N) interactions in terrestrial ecosystems regulate climate–C cycle feedbacks. How additions of N affect soil C sequestration and then regulate climate change, however, are not fully understood. Previous studies have assessed effects of N on bulk soil organic C (SOC) but have not yet carefully examined its effects on different SOC fractions, which determine how fast the N‐regulated C cycle feeds back to climate. Here we synthesized data from 36 studies with 296 observations by a meta‐analysis to evaluate the responses of SOC fractions to N additions. We hypothesized that additions of N might increase both labile and non‐labile C fractions. The SOC that was separated by density fractionation increased by 18.3% for free light fractions and by 3.0% for heavy density fractions without change in the occluded light fraction under N addition compared with the control. The SOC that was separated by aggregate fractionation increased by 4.4% for macroaggregate‐associated fractions and by 6.5% for aggregate mineral‐associated fractions without change in the microaggregate‐associated fraction under N additions. When bulk SOC was separated by chemical permanganate oxidation, the oxidizable fraction increased by 10.4%, whereas the unoxidizable fraction increased by 4.5%. The changes in different soil C fractions were related to the mechanisms of SOC stabilization. Because of the significant increases in non‐labile SOC fractions, our findings suggest that on a global scale, increased additions of N might promote SOC accumulation and slow down climate change in the long term. Our results will be useful in model development for better prediction of SOC sequestration under additions of N.HighlightsEffects of N deposition on soil C fractions were addressed using meta‐analysis.
Nitrogen additions significantly increased labile SOC fractions.
Non‐labile SOC fractions were also increased under N additions.
Nitrogen additions might promote SOC accumulation in the long term.
The clock drawing test: A systematic review and meta‐analysis of diagnostic accuracy
Authors: Park JinKyung , Jeong EunHye , Seomun GyeongAe 
Published: July 2018

AbstractAimThe aim of this study was to evaluate the accuracy of the clock drawing test and to compare its scoring methods.BackgroundDementia refers to a symptom where an adult demonstrates memory disorder and cognitive impairment. Early diagnosis of dementia is very important for medication management and prognosis. The clock drawing test is one of the most used cognitive screening tools for dementia. However, due to its scoring system, the accuracy of the clock drawing test remains a topic of debate.DesignA systematic review with meta‐analysis following Cochrane's methods and the guidelines of the Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality.Data sourcesA literature search was carried out in the OVID‐MEDLINE, OVID‐EMBASE and OVID‐PsycINFO databases (27 October 2015).Review methodThe quality assessment of diagnostic accuracy studies (QUADAS‐2) tool was employed for this review. We used hierarchical regression models to pool the values of diagnostic accuracy in a random effects model.ResultsA total of 18 studies with 5,531 participants were identified for this review. Fifteen of these studies were included for meta‐analysis according to each scoring system. The pooled sensitivity and specificity of the clock drawing test using the Shulman system were 82% and 75.7% respectively. In the Sunderland system, these were 72.6% and 87.9% respectively.ConclusionsThe findings indicate that the accuracy of the clock drawing test using the Shulman system was the most studied and highly sensitive. After gaining a better understanding of the clock drawing test through this study, we recommend it for widespread use in the diagnosis of dementia.