bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Food with Influence in the Sexual and Reproductive Health
Authors: Silva Tânia , Jesus Mariana , Cagigal César , Silva Carla 
Published: September 2018

Background:Sexual dysfunction and infertility are conditions with high prevalence in the general population. Nutritional factors have been reported to have an impact on sexual and reproductive health.Objective:The aim of this review is to summarize the data on nutritional factors that have influence on male and female sexual and reproductive function, including nutritional status, specific foods (e.g. dairy food), nutrients and other food components and dietary supplements.Method:A literature search was performed using Cochrane Library, Medline and Science Direct databases without time limitations.Results:Obesity has a negative influence on male fertility, and weight loss improves male fertility. Food insufficiency is associated with increased sexual risk behaviours, more significant in women. Regarding macronutrients and group foods, trans-fatty acids, high glycemic index food, high carbohydrate diet and high animal protein intake prejudices fertility; omega-3 and omega-6 fatty acids, low glycemic index food and low carbohydrate diet, vegetable proteins and antioxidants improve fertility. Isoflavones have a negative impact on men fertility and improve sexual health of menopausal women. Whole milk improves women fertility, but men benefit from skim milk. Concerning dietary supplements, there is weak evidence sustaining efficacy, and the most promising supplements are yohimbine, vitamin B, L-arginine and vitamin D.Conclusion:The compiled results indicate that despite the multifactorial etiology of sexual/ reproductive dysfunction, nutritional factors may affect the sexual and reproductive health in both men and women. However, it is necessary to further study to clarify this association and simultaneously improve the approach and treatment of patients with sexual and/or reproductive problems.
Omics-based Biomarkers for the Early Alzheimer Disease Diagnosis and Reliable Therapeutic Targets Development
Authors: Peña-Bautista Carmen , Baquero Miguel , Vento Máximo , Cháfer-Pericás Consuelo 
Published: September 2018

Background:Alzheimer’s disease (AD), the most common cause of dementia in adulthood, has great medical, social, and economic impact worldwide. Available treatments result in symptomatic relief, and most of them are indicated from the early stages of the disease. Therefore, there is an increasing body of research developing accurate and early diagnoses, as well as diseasemodifying therapies.Objective:Advancing the knowledge of AD physiopathological mechanisms, improving early diagnosis and developing effective treatments from omics-based biomarkers.Methods:Studies using omics technologies to detect early AD, were reviewed with a particular focus on the metabolites/lipids, micro-RNAs and proteins, which are identified as potential biomarkers in non-invasive samples.Results:This review summarizes recent research on metabolomics/lipidomics, epigenomics and proteomics, applied to early AD detection. Main research lines are the study of metabolites from pathways, such as lipid, amino acid and neurotransmitter metabolisms, cholesterol biosynthesis, and Krebs and urea cycles. In addition, some microRNAs and proteins (microglobulins, interleukins), related to a common network with amyloid precursor protein and tau, have been also identified as potential biomarkers. Nevertheless, the reproducibility of results among studies is not good enough and a standard methodological approach is needed in order to obtain accurate information.Conclusion:The assessment of metabolomic/lipidomic, epigenomic and proteomic changes associated with AD to identify early biomarkers in non-invasive samples from well-defined participants groups will potentially allow the advancement in the early diagnosis and improvement of therapeutic interventions.
Basic Concepts of Contrast Injection Protocols for Coronary Computed Tomography Angiography
Authors: Oda Seitaro , Utsunomiya Daisuke , Nakaura Takeshi , Kidoh Masafumi , Funama Yoshinori , Tsujita Kenichi , Yamashita Yasuyuki 
Published: September 2018

Background:
Coronary Computed Tomography Angiography (CTA) has become one of
the most important diagnostic imaging modalities for the evaluation of coronary artery diseases.
During coronary computed CTA, sufficient vascular enhancement is essential for the accurate detection
and evaluation of lesions in the coronary arteries. To obtain optimal contrast enhancement
and perform appropriate clinical coronary CTA, physicians, radiologists, and radiology technologists
should acquire a basic knowledge of contrast injection protocols.

Conclusion:
This review article summarizes the basic concepts of contrast injection protocols for
coronary CTA.
Trends on the Rapid Expansion of Supercritical Solutions Process Applied to Food and Non-food Industries
Authors: Gomes Maria T.M.S. , Santana Ádina L. , Santos Diego T. , Meireles Maria A.A. 
Published: September 2018

Background:
The supercritical fluids applied to particle engineering over the last years
have received growing interest from the food and non-food industries, in terms of processing, packaging,
and preservation of several products. The rapid expansion of supercritical solutions (RESS)
process has been recently reported as an efficient technique for the production of free-solvent particles
with controlled morphology and size distribution.

Objective:
In this review, we report technological aspects of the application of the RESS process
applied to the food and non-food industry, considering recent data and patent survey registered in
literature.

Methods:
The effect of process parameters cosolvent addition, temperature, pressure, nozzle size among
others, during RESS on the size, structure and morphology of the resulted particles, and the main differences
about recent patented RESS processes are reviewed.

Results:
Most of the experimental works intend to optimize their processes through investigation of
process parameters.

Conclusion:
RESS is a feasible alternative for the production of particles with a high yield of bioactive
constituents of interest to the food industry. On the other hand, patents developed using this type of process
for food products are very scarce, less attention being given to the potential of this technique to develop
particles from plant extracts with bioactive substances.
NEW ANALYTICAL METHODS FOR ESTIMATION OF ARTEETHER BY UV AND FLUORESCENCE SPECTROPHOTOMETRY: DEVELOPMENT AND VALIDATION
Authors: Thakur Shikha , Bajwa Neha , Baldi Ashish 
Published: September 2018

The present research work discusses the development and validation of two different spectrophotometric methods for estimation of Î±-Î² arteether using UV spectrophotometer and spectrofluorimeter for the first time. Two simple, accurate, precise, sensitiveand economical methods has been developed and validated for the estimation of Î±-Î² arteether in bulk and pharmaceutical dosage form as per ICH guidelines Q2(R1). The solvent used for UV spectroscopy was methanol and HCl (8:2) and methanol was used for fluorimeter. For qualitative and quantitative analysis, 254 nm was used in UV spectroscopy and excitation and emission wavelengths were set at 354 nm and 697 nm respectively for fluorimetry. Coefficients of correlation were found to be 0.993 and 0.992 for UV spectroscopy and fluorimetry. Both methods show good accuracy and precision and were compared statistically by using two way ANOVA which shows no significant difference between these methods. So the proposed methods were found to have equal applicability for estimation and routine analysis of arteether in pharmaceutical formulations.
Keywords: Arteether, Analytical method, Fluorimeter, Pharmaceutical formulation, UV spectrophotometer.
FORMULATION AND EVALUATION OF AN INJECTABLE SOLUTION AS A DOSAGE FORM
Authors: Thomas Sneha , Mahendran S , Selvakumar R 
Published: September 2018

The present study will outline formulation and the evaluation methods of injectable dosage form. The various initial formulations of the developed and those are examined for drug release profile, bioavailability, and clinical effectiveness and for the pilot plant studies and production scale-up. The drug that we need should be most convenient and in proper form then only it reaches to the desired site of action. This is greatly influenced by which the type of dosage form of the drug. Since, injections include much variety of therapeutic agents. Injections are sterile, pyrogen limited, that is, bacterial endotoxin units limit, preparations intended to be administered parenterally. It is well recognized that the advantages of parenteral injections are immediate systemic drug availability and rapid onset of action.
Keywords: Injectable, Parenteral, Sterilization, Tonicity
SYNTHESIS OF COUMARIN HETEROCYCLIC DERIVATIVES WITH IN-VITRO ANTITUBERCULER ACTIVITY
Authors: Godge Rahul , Kunkulol Rahul 
Published: September 2018

In last few decades, though significant progress has been made in the treatment and control strategies of tubercular infections by introducing new diagnostic and monitoring tools and combination therapy, it still continues to be severe problem. The need of study was only because of there are many drugs in market to treat infection but most of the drugs are showing resistance because of the same it is difficult to treat the infection. In this study we chosen coumarin nucleus for study. Thus with the aim of developing novel molecule with improved potency for treating Mycobacterium tuberculosis H37Rv strain infections and with decreased probability of developing drug resistance. The synthesis of coumarin derivatives, starting from salicyaldehyde and ethyl acetoacetate, by conventional organic reaction and results of investigations of their anti-mycobacterial activity. MICs of the synthesized compounds are compared with existing drugs Cytotoxicity. Many compounds have shown promising activity while some were inactive. It was found that Compound A1, A2, B1, B2, C1, C2 have shown promising antitubercular activity against std. Streptomycin
Keywords: Coumarin derivative, well diffusion method, antitubercular activity.
Therapeutic Evaluation of Navan Nasya in Ardit W.S.R. to Facial Paralysis
Authors: Kanungo Neeraj , Kanungo Vijayata 
Published: September 2018

Ayurveda is sciences of medicine and health practicing anciently and it possessing effective methods for the treatment of various diseases. Ayurveda not only offer approaches for the management of curable diseases but also encompasses knowledge of incurable diseases. Panchakarma is one of the therapies of ayurveda which purify body and cleans all shrotas even at cellular level. Panchakarma therapy involves many sub therapies such as; Navannasya which is very useful in the management of various diseases such as; facial paralysis which involves weakness of facial muscles resulting from temporary or permanent loss of facial nerve. The study was planned to measure efficacy of navannasya in the treatment of Arditroga and it was found that navannasya gives good results in Ardit or facial paralysis. Some patient of cured effectively after the treatment with Navannasya.
Keywords: Ayurveda, Ardit, Facial Palsy, Panchakarma, Navannasya.
Efficacy of Hijamah Bila Shart (Dry Cupping) in Primary Dysmenorrhea
Authors: Iqbal Arsheed , Jan Afroza , Sheeraz Md. , Quraishi Haider Ali , Shah Arjumand , Huma Huma , Raheem A 
Published: September 2018

Usre Tams (Dysmenorrhea) is the most common of gynecologic complaints. It affects half of all female adolescents today and represents the leading cause of periodic college/school absenteeism among that population. Since ancient times, Hijamah bila Shart (Dry cupping) is a method of treatment for this disease. Therefore, objective of this preliminary study was to evaluate the efficacy of Hijamah bila Shart on intensity of pain in Usre Tams by using verbal multi-dimensional scoring system. It was conducted on 40 patients. Patients suffering from primary dysmenorrhoea with regular cycles, age group 15-40years were selected. For dry cupping, two glass cup of medium size were applied below the umbilicus for 20 minutes on day land/or day 2 of the menstrual phase for one cycle and pain intensity was assessed by verbal multi-dimensional scoring system for pain before and after the treatment.
Keywords: Dysmenorrhoea, Hijamah bila Shart, Dry cupping, Usre Tams
INNOVATIVE AND NOVEL STRATEGY: MICROSPONGES FOR TOPICAL DRUG DELIVERY
Authors: Jyoti Jyoti , Kumar Sandeep 
Published: September 2018

Microsponge type of drug delivery is the latest technology which has been introduced in topical skin care, drug products to facilitate the controlled release of the active medicament into the skin in order to reduce systemic exposure and control local cutaneous reactions to active drugs. Microsponge can be loaded into a topical route of drug delivery system for the residue of dosage form of skin and thus controlled release drug delivery system is achieved and in return improving the patient compliance by providing target drug delivery system and prolonging dosage intervals. Microsponge is polymeric delivery systems composed of porous microspheres. They are tiny sponge-like spherical particles and posses large porous surface area. Furthermore, they may enhance stability, reduce side effects, improve patient compliance and modify drug release. Microsponges are the polymer-based microspheres system that has the capacity to entrap a wide variety of substances, and can then be incorporated into a different formulation.
Keywords: Microsponge Delivery System, Quasi- emulsion solvent diffusion.
NIOSOMES: PRESENT SCENARIO AND FUTURE ASPECTS
Authors: Kaur Dhanvir , Kumar Sandeep 
Published: September 2018

Drug targeting is a kind of phenomenon in which drug gets distributed in the body in such a manner that the drug interacts with the target tissue at a cellular or subcellular level to achieve a desired therapeutic response at a desire site without undesirable interactions at other sites. This can be achieved by modern methods of targeting the drug delivery system such as niosomes. Niosomes are the type of non-ionic surfactant vesicles, which are biodegradable, non-toxic, more stable and inexpensive, a new approach to liposomes. Their structure similar to liposome and hence they can represent alternative vesicular systems with respect to liposomes. The niosomes have the tendency to load different type of drugs. This review article represents the structure of niosome, advantages, disadvantages, the methods for niosome preparation and characterization of pharmaceutical NSVs.
Keywords: Niosome, Cholesterol, Hydrophilic and Lipophilic drugs, Surfactant, Targeted delivery Bioavailability Improvement, Factors, Applications.
SOLUBILITY ENHANCEMENT OF POOR WATER SOLUBLE DRUGS BY SOLID DISPERSION: A REVIEW
Authors: Mankar SD , Rach Punit  R. 
Published: September 2018

The solubility behavior of drugs remains one of the most exigent aspects in formulation development. With the advent of combinatorial chemistry and high throughput screening, the number of poorly water soluble compounds has dramatically increased. Among all the newly discovered chemical entities, about 40-45% drugs fail to reach market due to their poor water solubility. Because of solubility problem, bioavailability of drugs gets affected and hence solubility enhancement becomes necessary. Solid dispersions have attracted considerable interest as an efficient means of improving the dissolution rate and hence the bioavailability of drugs. Therefore, the application of this technique proves to be an important stratagem for pharmaceutical companies. However, the in - depth knowledge of the solid dispersion is desired for the scale up of formulation, from laboratory scale to industrial scale. There are various methods available to improve the solubility of the new drug in which solid dispersion emerged promising. A Solid dispersion generally composed of two components- the drug and the polymer matrix. Hence, this approach is expected to form a basis for the commercialization of many poorly water-soluble and water-insoluble drugs in their solid-dispersion formulations in the near future. This article reviews the various preparation techniques, carriers used, advantages and limitations of solid dispersions and compiles some of the recent advances.
Keywords: Bioavailability, Solid Dispersion, Hydrophilic carriers, Polyethylene glycol.
A REVIEW ON FAST DISSOLVING TABLET
Authors: Rahane RD , Rachh Punit  R. 
Published: September 2018

The convenience of administration and improved patient compliance are important in the design of oral drug delivery system which remains the preferred route of drug delivery inspite of various disadvantages. Fast disintegrating tablets (FDTs) have received ever-increasing demand during the last decade, and the field has become a rapidly growing area in the pharmaceutical industry. The popularity and usefulness of the formulation resulted in development of several FDT technologies. These techniques render the disintegration of tablet rapidly and dissolve in mouth in five seconds without chewing and the need of water which is advantageous mainly for pediatrics, geriatrics and patients having difficulty in swallowing tablets and capsules. Formulation of a convenient dosage form for administration, by considering swallowing difficulty and poor patient compliance, leads to development of orally disintegrating tablets. Conventional preparation methods are spray drying, freeze drying, direct compression, Molding, and sublimation while new technologies have been developed for the production of orodispersible tablets.
Keywords: Fast Dissolving Tablet, drug delivery system, fast disintegrating, fast melting.
POLYCYSTIC OVARY SYNDROME: PATHOGENESIS, TREATMENT AND SECONDARY ASSOCIATED DISEASES
Authors: Soni Abhishek , Singla Shivali , Goyal Sachin 
Published: September 2018

Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is the most common endocrinopathy in women of reproductive age. It is characterized by hyperandrogenism, polycystic ovaries, and chronic anovulation along with insulin resistance, hyperinsulinemia, abdominal obesity, hypertension, and dyslipidemia as frequent metabolic traits (metabolic syndrome) that culminate in serious long-term consequences such as type 2 diabetes mellitus, endometrial hyperplasia, and coronary artery disease. It is one of the most common causes of anovulatory infertility. A complete understanding of the underlying Pathophysiology of PCOS is still lacking. Because of the heterogeneity of this disorder, there are most likely multiple underlying pathophysiologic mechanisms. Pathogenesis of PCOS is explaining as alteration in gonadotropin-releasing hormone secretion results in increased luteinizing hormone (LH) secretion. An alteration in insulin secretion and insulin action results in hyperinsulinemia and insulin resistance. A defect in androgen synthesis that results in increased ovarian androgen production.Treatment of PCOS include maintaining a normal endometrium, antagonizing the actions of androgens on target tissues, reducing insulin resistance (when present), and correcting anovulation. Women with polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) are at higher risk for several other health conditions as Insulin Resistance, Metabolic Syndrome, Type 2 Diabetes, Obesity, Heart Disease and High Blood Pressure (Cardiovascular Disease)
COMPUTER AIDED DRUG DESIGN: AN OVERVIEW
Authors: Surabhi Surabhi , Singh BK 
Published: September 2018

Discovery and development of a new drug is generally known as a very complex process which takes a lot of time and resources. So now a day’s computer aided drug design approaches are used very widely to increase the efficiency of the drug discovery and development course. Various approaches of CADD are evaluated as promising techniques according to their need, in between all these structure-based drug design and ligand-based drug design approaches are known as very efficient and powerful techniques in drug discovery and development. These both methods can be applied with molecular docking to virtual screening for lead identification and optimization. In the recent times computational tools are widely used in pharmaceutical industries and research areas to improve effectiveness and efficacy of drug discovery and development pipeline. In this article we give an overview of computational approaches, which is inventive process of finding novel leads and aid in the process of drug discovery and development research.
Keywords: computer aided drug discovery, structure-based drug design, ligand-based drug design, virtual screening and molecular docking
AWARENESS OF CHEMOTHERAPY SIDE EFFECTS AND ATTITUDE TOWARDS CHEMOTHERAPY USE AMONG CANCER PATIENTS ATTENDING ONCOLOGY CLINIC AT BUGANDO MEDICAL CENTRE, IN MWANZA, NORTHERN TANZANIA
Authors: Katabalo Deogratias M , Matinde Raphael , Mwita Stanley , Marwa Karoli , Masalu Nestory 
Published: September 2018

Background: Chemotherapy is the use of drugs to kill cancer cells. Because cancer cells generally grow and divide faster than normal cells, they are more susceptible to the action of these drugs. However, damage to healthy cells is unavoidable, and this damage accounts for the side effects linked to these drugs.
Methodology: A cross section study was conducted at oncology department in Bugando Medical Centre. A sample of 216 people was recruited into the study. The data was collected by using the pre-constructed questionnaire. After data collection, the data was transferred into SPSS version 20 and analyzed.
Results: The study found that 88 (40.7%) of the respondents were aware of the chemotherapy side effects whereby majority, 68 (77.3%) of these had been informed by the doctor. Most of the respondents, 197 (92.1%) had a positive attitude towards the use of chemotherapy.
Conclusion: There is still poor awareness of the chemotherapy side effects among the cancer patients attending and receiving chemotherapy in oncology department at Bugando Medical Centre. However, most of the respondents had positive attitude towards the use of chemotherapy
Keywords: Awareness, attitude, chemotherapy, side effects and Tanzania.
NOVEL PHARMACEUTICAL DOSAGE FORM
Authors: Padiyar A , Maheshwari RK 
Published: September 2018

Objective of the proposed idea is to introduce novel pharmaceutical dosage form prepared of biodegradable polymeric balls. These polymeric balls will encircle oral liquid dosage forms within an edible membrane which can be flavoured, coloured, and can be used as unit dosage form. It will be prepared by reaction between sodium alginate and calcium chloride resulting in spherical, flexible ball of calcium alginate. Current research will eliminate the use of plastics as syrups or other liquid dosage forms will be provided in these balls which will be more economic and eco-friendly.
Keywords: novel pharmaceutical dosage, polymeric balls, sodium alginate, eco-friendly