bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Relationships between patient-level factors and criteria for fitness to stand trial
Authors: Prpa Teodora , Moulden Heather Marie , Taylor Liane , Chaimowitz Gary Andrew 
Published: October 2018

In Western criminal justice systems, proceedings may be halted if an individual is deemed mentally unfit to stand trial. As a prerequisite to adjudication fitness to stand trial can be evaluated through structured or unstructured assessments. Previousstudies suggest limited use of structured assessments in clinical practice. Few studies have looked at the success of unstructured measures of psycholegal abilities, and fewer still have investigated the influence of individual variables on criteria for fitness to stand trial. The purpose of the present study was to examine the relationship between variables relevant to opining fitness as determined by previous research and the criteria for fitness to stand trial. The study yielded significant correlations between the three criteria for fitness to stand trial and the following variables: impaired mental status during assessment, presence of intellectual disability, nature of index offence, socioeconomic status, and all unstructured measures of psycholegal abilities. These results suggest that unstructured clinician assessment of fitness to stand trial can be successful at determining fitness and fulfillment of the three underlying criteria, and further clarify the role of specific symptoms on opinions of unfitness. Future directions for research in the areas of structured professional judgment and fitness restoration are discussed.
Conversion Knee Arthroplasty Using a Rotating Hinge as a Salvage Prosthesis Following Periprosthetic Joint Infection and Ligamentous Insufficiency: A Case Report
Authors: Minter Jon E. 
Published: October 2018

BackgroundIn the event of a complex revision TKA in which there is extensor mechanism involvement and ligamentous instability or insufficiency, non-linked levels of constraint may not be adequate for achieving restoration of patient function. Total knee arthroplasty devices that incorporate a linked level of constraint are successful alternatives to unlinked devices (PS and PS-Constrained) in this clinical context.Case PresentationWe present the case of a 62 year-old male patient that required a non-articulating knee fusion and multiple total knee arthroplasty revisions in conjunction with a ruptured and repaired extensor mechanism, ligamentous instability, bone loss and periprosthetic joint infection. (Revision knee prosthesis that includes a increasing degree of nodularity and physical constraint). The subsequent risk factors associated with the loss of bone and ligamentous insufficiency required performing conversion arthroplasty with a knee prosthesis that includes an increasing degree of modularity and physical constraint not commonly used in revision total knee arthroplasty.DiscussionThe authors report on a patient who underwent multiple operative procedures, we outline the step wise decision making progression that lead to the successful eradication of the PJI and reimplant device strategy based on the confounding factors presented. We assess the use of revision TKA systems that offer extreme degrees of constraint which should be considered in complex revision knee revision procedures.
La radioterapia nelle metastasi cutanee da carcinoma mammario: case report
Authors: Ceccon Giovanni , Andreani Stefano , Luisa Bergamini Maria , Dell’Anna Cristina , Ghetti Francesca , Gianni Stella , Grondelli Claudia , Lattanzi Elisabetta , Losardo Pierluigi , Manicone Moana , Nurmahomed Shadia , Renna Ilaria , Rossi Roberto , Salaroli Francesco , D’Abbiero Nunziata 
Published: October 2018

Breast cancer is the most frequent tumour in women around the world and it accounts for 25% of all cases of cancer. It may spread through the body in various districts, and as a consequence pulmonary, bone, liver, cerebral, lymph node and skin metastases are commonly seen. Skin metastases can be both locoregional (near the tumor) and distant. The skin appearance should not be underestimated in multi-metastatic patients, as tumorous progression in the skin inevitably causes ulceration, extreme difficulty in cicatrization and consequent pain. In this study, we describe the case of a multiple treated patient for destructive cutaneous metastases (Oncology).
Paziente con carcinoma mammario oligometastatico HER2-positivo, lungosopravvivente in trattamento con lapatinib/ capecitabina dopo resezione e termoablazione polmonare
Authors: Gadaleta-Caldarola Gennaro 
Published: October 2018

In una paziente HER2-positiva in post-menopausa, con metastasi polmonare e linfonodali mediastiniche, il trattamento di mantenimento con lapatinib + capecitabina, dopo resezione e successiva termoablazione polmonare, ha consentito una lungo sopravvivenza con una buona qualità di vita grazie a una modulazione del dosaggio in funzione della tossicità. A oggi la paziente è ancora libera da malattia dopo circa tre anni di trattamento con questa combinazione farmacologica (Oncology)
Efficacia duratura e ottima tollerabilità di lapatinib associato a capecitabina metronomica in due pazienti con carcinoma mammario HER2-positivo
Authors: Orlandi Armando , Iattoni Elena , Di Dio Carmela , Calegari Maria Alessandra 
Published: October 2018

L’utilizzo di lapatinib in combinazione con capecitabina è associato in alcune pazienti a tossicità gastrointestinale e cutanea, che ne compromette la regolare assunzione limitando l’utilizzo di un’efficace schedula terapeutica nel carcinoma metastatico della mammella HER2-positivo, refrattario al trattamento con trastuzumab. I due casi clinici presentati mostrano il buon profilo di tossicità e l’efficacia della combinazione lapatinib (1250 mg/die) + capecitabina metronomica (500 mg 3 volte/die) (Oncology).
Lunga sopravvivenza in paziente con carcinoma mammario oligometastatico all’encefalo, trattata con lapatinib
Authors: Orlandi Elena , Cavanna Luigi 
Published: October 2018

Paziente con diagnosi di carcinoma mammario operata nel 2011, ricaduta come oligometastatica dopo 2 anni (due lesioni cerebrali). La paziente è stata sottoposta prima a radioterapia gamma-knife e successivamente a trattamento di I linea con lapatinib in associazione a capecitabina. La buona risposta al trattamento ha consentito alla paziente di essere successivamente operata di metastasectomia sia in sede frontale sinistra che in sede talamica destra (Oncology).
EVALUATION OF THE USE OF HAZARDOUS CHEMICALS FISHERY PRODUCT IN MAKASSAR CITY
Authors: Amir Nursinah , Mahdi Chanif 
Published: October 2018

This research aims to determine the use of hazardous chemicals in fishery products that are marketed in the city of Makassar. In this study used the Accidental Sampling Technique. Samples are taken from the center of Makassar souvenirs, traditional markets, and modern markets. The fishery products used as samples are crackers, meatballs, and brains. Hazardous chemicals evaluated for use are borax and formalin. The samples were analyzed using a test kit and colorimeter at the BIOCHEME Laboratory (Healthy Food) Department of Chemistry, University of Brawijaya. The results show that fish meatball products marketed in Makassar City do not contain borax, but contain formalin 11.2 - 13.13 ppm. Brain-brain products do not contain borax and do not contain formaldehyde, fish/shrimp crackers marketed in Makassar City do not contain formaldehyde but 33% contain borax with an average, level of 10.39 ppm. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui penggunaan bahan kimia berbahaya pada produk perikanan yang dipasarkan di Kota Makassar.Pada penelitian ini digunakan TeknikAccidental Sampling. Sampel diambil dari pusat oleh-oleh Makassar, pasar tradisional dan pasar modern. Produk perikanan yang dijadikan sampel adalah kerupuk, bakso dan otak-otak. Bahan kimia berbahaya yang dievaluasi penggunaannya adalah boraks dan formalin. Sampel dianalisis menggunakan test kit dan colorimeter di Laboratorium BIOCHAME (Makanan Sehat) Jurusan Kimia Universitas Brawijaya. Hasil menunjukkan bahwa, produk bakso ikan yang dipasarkan di Kota Makassar tidak mengandung boraks, tetapi mengandung formalin 11.2 – 13.13 ppm. Produk otak-otak tidak mengandung boraks dan tidak mengandung formalin, kerupuk ikan/udang yang dipasarkan di Kota Makassar tidak mengandung formalin tetapi 33% mengandung boraks dengan kadar rata-rata 10.39 ppm.
Floating Shoulder: Myths and Reality
Authors: Bartoníček Jan , Tuček Michal , Naňka Ondřej 
Published: October 2018

* “Floating shoulder” may be considered to be an unstable displaced fracture of the surgical or anatomical neck of the scapula with or without a clavicular fracture.* In cases of surgical neck fractures, there must occur an associated rupture of the coracoclavicular and coracoacromial ligaments or a fracture of their osseous equivalents (acromion and extra-articular or intra-articular coracoid base).* Injury to the superior shoulder suspensory complex without a fracture of the anatomical or surgical neck does not result in floating shoulder. If isolated, these superior shoulder suspensory complex lesions are mostly stable, and their displacement is minimal.* Radiographs are inadequate to determine the exact fracture pattern for fractures of the surgical neck and body of the scapula. Therefore, examination should include 3-dimensional computed tomographic reconstructions, in standardized views, with subtraction of the surrounding bones.* Unstable displaced fractures of the surgical or anatomical neck of the scapula should undergo a surgical procedure via the Judet approach.
Team Approach: Bone Health in Children and Adolescents
Authors: Kraus Emily , Bachrach Laura K. , Grover Monica 
Published: October 2018

* Fractures are common in childhood and adolescence, with an estimated 30% of this population experiencing at least 1 broken bone. The forearm is the most common fracture site.* In the absence of major trauma, fractures of the femur and spine are suggestive of abnormal bone fragility; such cases warrant a comprehensive evaluation and treatment by a team of specialists.* Pharmacological agents to treat pediatric osteoporosis should be considered for patients with fragility fractures, especially when spontaneous recovery is unlikely.* Similarly, overuse injuries of the bone (stress fractures) in children and adolescents are best evaluated and managed by a team that includes orthopaedic surgeons, physical therapists, nutritionists, and sports-medicine experts.* Management of stress fractures includes optimizing nutrition, rest until fractures heal, gradual return to activity, and surgery if nonunion occurs.
Pemberdayaan Masyarakat Di Kelurahan Wonosari Melalui Olahraga
Authors: Adam Qorby Haqqul 
Published: October 2018

<p>Wonosari is one of the sub-districts in Ngaliyan district, Semarang city. The community in Wonosari Village is a suburban community group. They have low insight and awareness in doing sports. Sports can be used as a development of the potential, character and active role of humans in community life. Sports has benefits in all fields in the community such as education, culture, social, economic and health. Humans have been preoccupied with pragmatism in this age. They do not understand that moving is very important for health and is the most valuable asset they can have. Health is grouped into four types, physically, spiritually, socially and economically healthy. Lack of physical activity and exercise will cause adverse effects on the body. Wonosari people who have solid activities can do some physical activities to just relax muscles and blood circulation such as: cycling, walking early in the morning, sweeping the floor, mutual cooperation in the village every day, and others. If you have enough free time someone can exercise. The types of sports that can be done in the Wonosari Urban community include rhythmic gymnastics, soccer, volleyball, badminton and relaxing walking. Sports also have benefits for physical fitness, achieving spiritual, social and economic health in humans.</p><p> </p><p>Wonosari merupakan salah satu Kelurahan di Kecamatan ngaliyan Kota Semarang. Masyarakat di Kelurahan Wonosari merupakan kelompok masyarakat suburban. Mereka mempunyai wawasan dan kesadaran yang rendah dalam melakukan olahraga. Olahraga dapat dijadikan sebagai pengembangan potensi, karakter dan peran aktif manusia dalam kehidupan bermasyarakat. Olahraga mempunyai manfaat dalam segala bidang di lingkungan masyarakat seperti pendidikan, budaya, sosial, ekonomi dan kesehatan. Manusia telah disibukkan dengan aktivitas pragmatisme pada zaman ini. Mereka tidak mengerti bahwa bergerak sangat penting bagi kesehatan dan menjadi harta yang paling berharga yang dapat mereka miliki. Kesehatan dikelompokkan menjadi empat macam, sehat secara jasmani, rohani, sosial dan ekonomi. Kurangnya melakukan aktivitas fisik dan olahraga akan mengakibatkan efek yang kurang baik bagi tubuh. Masyarakat Wonosari yang mempunyai kegiatan padat dapat melakukan beberapa aktivitas fisik untuk sekedar melemaskan otot maupun melancarkan peredaran darah seperti: bersepeda, jalan pagi, menyapu lantai, gotong royong di desa setiap ahad, dan lainnya. Jika memiliki waktu luang yang cukup banyak seseorang dapat melakukan olahraga. Jenis olahraga yang dapat dilakukan di lingkungan masyarakat Kelurahan Wonosari antara lain senam ritmik, sepakbola, bola voli, badminton dan jalan santai. Olahraga juga mempunyai manfaat untuk kebugaran jasmani, meraih kesehatan secara rohani, sosial dan ekonomi pada manusia.</p>
Pathogens in crop production systems irrigated with low-quality water in Bolivia
Authors: Perez-Mercado Luis Fernando , Lalander Cecilia , Joel Abraham , Ottoson Jakob , Iriarte Mercedes , Oporto Carla , Vinnerås Björn 
Published: October 2018

AbstractIn dry areas, the need for irrigation to ensure agricultural production determines the use of all available water sources. However, the water sources used for irrigation are often contaminated by untreated or minimally treated wastewater. Microbial risks from reusing wastewater for vegetable irrigation can be addressed by installing environmental barriers that pathogens must cross to reach humans in the reuse system. Knowledge of pathogen flows inside the system and pathogen removal potential is the first step towards devising a risk management strategy. This study assessed microbe prevalence in farming systems in the Bolivian highlands that use wastewater-polluted sources for irrigation of lettuce. Samples of soil, lettuce and different water sources used in the farming systems were taken during one crop season and concentrations of coliphages, Escherichia coli and helminth eggs were measured. The results showed high spread of these microorganisms throughout the whole system. There was a significant correlation between microbial quality of water and of the harvested produce for several microorganisms. The microbial prevalence in protected shallow wells was found to be significantly lower than in other water sources. These findings can help formulate feasible risk management strategies in contexts where conventional technologies for microbial removal are not possible.
An Environment-friendly Synthesis of Piperonal Chalcones and Their Cytotoxic and Antioxidant Evaluation
Authors: Dev Sanal , Thomas Parambi Della Grace , Baby Bency , Mathew Githa Elizabeth , Omnia Magdy Hendawy , Joy Monu , Sudev Shine , Mathew Bijo 
Published: October 2018

Background:
Grindstone technique has been widely used as an efficient, consistent,
more environmentally benign, solvent-free protocol for the preparation of many compounds with
higher atom economy.

Methods:
A series of fourteen piperonal chalcone compounds were synthesized by this method and
characterized by physical and spectral data (FT-IR, 1H NMR, Mass and elemental analysis). All
chalcones were evaluated for their cytotoxic action against the cancer cell lines, MCF-7 and HepG2.
One 2-pyridyl-substituted compound 14 with IC50 values 17.4±0.2 towards MCF-7 and
15.4±0.6µmol L-1 towards HepG2 cells.

Results:
The results demonstrated that the cytotoxic activity of 2-pyridyl-substituted compound
shown higher activity as compared with the standard cisplatin towards HepG2 cells.

Conclusion:
Compound 14 showed good antioxidant activities in the DPPH test and H2O2 assay
(IC50 = 17.23± 33/µg/mL and 20.17± 0.33µg/mL) when compared with the standard ascorbic acid
(IC50=µg/mL 18.26 ± 0.22and 21.66± 1.06 µg/mL).
Mechanistic Insights into Aspartame-induced Immune Dysregulation
Authors: Choudhary Arbind K. , Lee Yeong Y. 
Published: October 2018

Background & Objective:Aspartame, (L-aspartyl-L-phenylalanine methyl ester) is a widely used artificial sweetener but studies raise safety concerns regarding the use of aspartame metabolites especially methanol. In this review, we aimed to provide mechanistic insights that may explain aspartame-induced immune dysregulation.Findings:While evidence is limited, from the available literature, possible mechanisms for immune dysfunction associated with aspartame include (1) alterations in bidirectional communication between neuro-immune-endocrine responses (2) disruption of the brain-gut-microbiota-immune axis (3) induction of oxidative stress in immune cells and organs and lastly (4) the immune-activation effect of methanol.Conclusion:Further studies are needed to confirm above proposed mechanisms that may explain aspartame- induce immune dysregulation.
Synthesis and Biological Evaluation of Acridine/Acridone Analogs as Potential Anticancer Agents
Authors: Gensicka-Kowalewska Monika , Cichorek Mirosława , Ronowska Anna , Deptuła Milena , Klejbor Ilona , Dzierzbicka Krystyna 
Published: October 2018

Background:
The lack of efficacious therapy for advanced melanoma and neuroblastoma
makes new approaches necessary. Therefore, many scientists seek new, more effective, more
selective and less toxic anticancer drugs.

Objective:
We propose the synthesis of the new functionalized analogs of 1-nitroacridine/4-
nitroacridone connected to tuftsin/retro-tuftsin derivatives as potential anticancer agents.

Methods:
Acridine and acridone analogues were prepared by Ullmann condensation and then cyclization
reaction. As a result of nucleophilic substitution reaction 1-nitro-9-phenoxyacridine or 1-
chloro-4-nitro-9(10H)-acridone with the corresponding peptides, the planned acridine derivatives
(10a-c, 12, 17-a-d, 19) have been obtained. The cytotoxic activity of the newly obtained analogs
were evaluated against melanotic (Ma) and amelanotic (Ab) melanoma cell lines and neuroblastoma
SH-SY5Y by using the XTT method. Apoptosis and cell cycle were analyzed by flow
cytometry.

Results:
Among the investigated analogs compound 12 exhibited the highest potency comparable
to dacarbazine action for amelanotic Ab melanoma cells. FLICA test (flurochrome-labeled inhibitors
of caspases) showed that this analog significantly increased the content of cells with activated
caspases (C+) among both neuroblastoma lines and only Ab melanoma line. Using phosphatidylserine
(PS) externalization assay, 12 induced changes in the Ab melanoma plasma membrane
structure as the externalization of phosphatidylserine (An+ cells). These changes in neuroblastoma
cells were less pronounced.

Conclusion:
Analog 12 could be proposed as the new potential chemotherapeutic against amelanotic
melanoma form especially.
Novel Guanosine Derivatives as Anti-HCV NS5b Polymerase: A QSAR and Molecular Docking Study
Authors: Elfiky Abdo A. 
Published: October 2018

Background:
IDX-184 is a guanosine derivative having a potent inhibitory performance
against HCV NS5b polymerase.

Objective:
To test three different groups of 2'C - modified analogues of guanosine nucleotide
against HCV polymerase.

Method:
Using combined Quantitative Structure-Activity Relationships (QSAR) and molecular
docking, the suggested compounds are studied.

Results:
Examining the docked structures of the compounds with experimentally solved NS5b
structure (PDB ID: 2XI3) revealed that most of the compounds have the same mode of interaction
as that of guanosine nucleotide and hence, NS5b inhibition is possible.

Conclusion:
It is revealed that sixteen modifications have a better binding affinity to NS5b compared
to guanosine. In addition, seven more compounds are better in NS5b binding compared to
the approved drug, sofosbuvir, and the compound under clinical trials, IDX-184. Hence, these
compounds could be potent HCV NS5b inhibitors.

Summary Points:
Novel guanosine modifications were introduced in silico and optimized using
QM. QSAR and docking calculations are performed to test the binding affinity of the compounds
to HCV NS5b active site. Comparison between the binding affinities and the mode of interactions
of the compounds and both GTP and IDX-184 is performed. Structural mining to quantify the
mode of binding of the compounds to NS5b active site pocket.
Molecular Docking Analysis of Caspase-3 Activators as Potential Anticancer Agents
Authors: Kashaw Sushil K. , Agarwal Shivangi , Mishra Mitali , Sau Samaresh , Iyer Arun K. 
Published: October 2018

Introduction:
Caspase-3 plays a leading role in apoptosis and on activation, it cleaves many
protein substrates in cells and causes cell death. Since many chemotherapeutics are known to induce
apoptosis in cancer cells, promotion or activation of apoptosis via targeting apoptosis regulators has
been suggested as a promising strategy for anticancer drug discovery. In this paper, we studied the interaction
of 1,2,4-Oxadiazoles derivatives with anticancer drug target enzymes (PDB ID 3SRC).

Methods:
Molecular docking studies were performed on a series of 1,2,4-Oxadiazoles derivatives to
find out molecular arrangement and spatial requirements for their binding potential for caspase-3 enzyme
agonistic affinity to treat cancer. The Autodock 4.2 and GOLD 5.2 molecular modeling suites
were used for the molecular docking analysis to provide information regarding important drug receptor
interaction.

Results and Conclusion:
Both suites explained the spatial disposition of the drug with the active amino
acid in the ligand binding domain of the enzyme. The amino acid asparagine 273 (ASN 273) of target
has shown hydrogen bond interaction with the top ranked ligand.