bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Mikrobielle Einflüsse in der Tumorentwicklung und Tumortherapie
Authors: Zeissig Sebastian 
Published: July 2019

ZusammenfassungViren und Bakterien spielen eine zentrale Rolle in der Entstehung von Malignomen im Gastrointestinaltrakt. So konnte bereits vor Dekaden eine Assoziation von Helicobacter pylori und dem Magenkarzinom sowie MALT-Lymphomen, und von Hepatitis-B- und C-Virus-Infektionen und dem hepatozellulären Karzinom nachgewiesen werden. Faszinierende Daten der letzten Jahre deuten jedoch einen weit über diese Zusammenhänge hinausgehenden Beitrag mikrobieller Erreger zur Karzinogenese im Gastrointestinaltrakt und der Leber an. So konnte gezeigt werden, dass Barriere-Defekte sowie Veränderungen in der Komposition der intestinalen Mikrobiota die kolorektale und hepatozelluläre Karzinogenese fördern. Darüber hinaus konnte die überraschende Beobachtung gemacht werden, dass die Mikrobiota nicht nur in lokaler Weise die Tumorentwicklung reguliert, sondern auch maßgeblichen Einfluss auf die Wirksamkeit systemischer Tumortherapien hat. Im vorliegenden Artikel sollen aktuelle Daten zur mikrobiellen Regulation der Tumorentstehung und der Beeinflussung systemischer Tumortherapien dargestellt werden und Implikationen für die klinische Diagnostik und Therapie diskutiert werden.
Sleep Hygiene for Optimizing Recovery in Athletes: Review and Recommendations
Authors: Vitale Kenneth C. , Owens Roberts , Hopkins Susan R. , Malhotra Atul 
Published: July 2019

AbstractFor elite athletes who exercise at a high level, sleep is critical to overall health. Many studies have documented the effects of sleep deprivation in the general population, but few studies exist regarding specific effects in the athlete. This review summarizes the effects of sleep deprivation and sleep extension on athletic performance, including reaction time, accuracy, strength and endurance, and cognitive function. There are clear negative effects of sleep deprivation on performance, including reaction time, accuracy, vigor, submaximal strength, and endurance. Cognitive functions such as judgment and decision-making also suffer. Sleep extension can positively affect reaction times, mood, sprint times, tennis serve accuracy, swim turns, kick stroke efficiency, and increased free throw and 3-point accuracy. Banking sleep (sleep extension prior to night of intentional sleep deprivation before sporting event) is a new concept that may also improve performance. For sports medicine providers, the negative effects of sleep deprivation cannot be overstated to athletes. To battle sleep deprivation, athletes may seek supplements with potentially serious side effects; improving sleep quality however is simple and effective, benefiting not only athlete health but also athletic performance.
Silymarin Enriched Extract (Silybum marianum) Additive Effect on Doxorubicin-Mediated Cytotoxicity in PC-3 Prostate Cancer Cells
Authors: Gioti Katerina , Papachristodoulou Anastasia , Benaki Dimitra , Havaki Sophia , Beloukas Apostolos , Vontzalidou Argyro , Aligiannis Nektarios , Skaltsounis Alexios-Leandros , Mikros Emmanuel , Tenta Roxane 
Published: July 2019

AbstractSilymarin-enriched extract (SEE) is obtained from Silybum marianum (Asteraceae). Doxorubicin (DXR) is a widely used chemotherapeutical yet with severe side effects. The goal of the present study was to assess the pharmacologic effect of SEE and its bioactive components silibinin and silychristine when administrated alone or in combination with DXR in the human prostate cancer cells (PC-3). PC-3 cells were treated with SEE, silibinin (silybins A and B), silychristine, alone, and in combination with DXR, and cell proliferation was assessed by the MTT assay. Cell cycle, apoptosis, and autophagy rate were assessed by flow cytometry. Expression levels of autophagy-related genes were quantified by qRT-PCR, ELISA and western blot while transmission electron microscopy was performed to reveal autophagic structures. Finally, NMR spectrometry was used to identify specific metabolites related to autophagy. SEE inhibited PC-3 cell proliferation in a dose-dependent manner while the co-treatment (DXR-SEE) revealed an additive cytotoxic effect. Cell cycle, apoptosis, and autophagy variations were observed in addition to altered expression levels of autophagy related genes (LC3, p62, NBR1, Beclin1, ULK1, AMBRA1), while several modifications in autophagic structures were identified after DXR-SEE co-treatment. Furthermore, treated cells showed a different metabolic profile, with significant alterations in autophagy-related metabolites such as branched-chain amino acids. In conclusion, the DXR-SEE co-treatment provokes perturbations in the autophagic mechanism of prostate cancer cells (PC-3) compared to DXR treatment alone, causing an excessive cell death. These findings propose the putative use of SEE as an adjuvant cytotoxic agent.
A Novel Skin Closure Device for Total Knee Arthroplasty: Randomized Controlled Trial versus Staples
Authors: Benner Rodney W. , Behrens Jonathan P. 
Published: July 2019

AbstractTwenty-five patients undergoing simultaneous, bilateral total knee arthroplasty (TKA) were randomized to receive skin closure with Zip device on one knee and staples on the other. Patients' pain and scar appearance were rated from 0 (best) to 10 (worst). Knee arc of motion was measured by a physical therapist. At 2 weeks postoperatively, pain scores were significantly better with the Zip device during device wear (p = 0.03) and during device removal (p = 0.003); arc of motion was significantly better with the Zip device (p = 0.002). At 8 weeks of follow-up, scar appearance was significantly better in the Zip device knee as rated by the patients (1.3 vs. 2.6, p = 0.04), the surgeon (1.9 vs. 3.3, p = 0.0006), and three independent plastic surgeons (3.7 vs. 4.8, p < 0.001). Results of this randomized controlled trial show that skin closure with the Zip device resulted in less pain and better scar appearance and knee arc of motion than with staples.
Parental death during childhood and violent crime in late adolescence to early adulthood: a Swedish national cohort study
Authors: Berg Lisa , Rostila Mikael , Arat Arzu , Hjern Anders 
Published: July 2019

AbstractChildhood parental death has been associated with adverse health, social and educational outcomes. Studies on long-term outcomes are in general scarce and there is little evidence on the long-term impact on anti-social behaviour. This study takes advantage of high-quality register data to investigate risk of violent crime in relation to childhood parental death in a large national cohort covering the entire Swedish population born in 1983–1993 (n = 1,103,656). The impact of parental death from external (suicides, accidents, homicides) and natural causes on risk for violent crime from age 15 to 20–30 years, considering multiple aspects of the rearing environment (including parental psychiatric disorders and criminal offending), was estimated through Cox regression. Unadjusted hazard ratios associated with parental death from external causes ranged between 2.20 and 3.49. For maternal and paternal death from external causes, adjusted hazard ratios were 1.26 (95% confidence intervals: 1.04–1.51) and 1.44 (95% confidence intervals: 1.32–1.57) for men, and 1.47 (95% confidence intervals: 1.05–2.06) and 1.51 (95% confidence intervals: 1.27–1.78) for women. With the exception of maternal death among women (hazard ratio 1.26, 95% confidence intervals: 1.03–1.53), parental death from natural causes was not associated with increased risks in adjusted models. The results underscore the importance of preventive interventions to prevent negative life-course trajectories, particularly when death is sudden and clustered with other childhood adversities.
-bordism: structure results and geometric representatives
Authors: Limonchenko I. Yu. , Panov T. E. , Chernykh G. S. 
Published: July 2019

Abstract
The first part of this survey gives a modernised exposition of the structure of the special unitary bordism ring, by combining the classical geometric methods of Conner–Floyd, Wall, and Stong with the Adams– Novikov spectral sequence and formal group law techniques that emerged after the fundamental 1967 paper of Novikov. In the second part toric topology is used to describe geometric representatives in

-bordism classes, including toric, quasi-toric, and Calabi–Yau manifolds.
Bibliography: 56 titles.
Conway topograph,

-dynamics and two-valued groups
Authors: Buchstaber V. M. , Veselov A. P. 
Published: July 2019

Abstract
Conway’s topographic approach to binary quadratic forms and Markov triples is reviewed from the point of view of the theory of two-valued groups. This leads naturally to a new class of commutative two-valued groups, which we call involutive. It is shown that the two-valued group of Conway’s lax vectors plays a special role in this class. The group

describing the symmetries of the Conway topograph acts by automorphisms of this two-valued group. Binary quadratic forms are interpreted as primitive elements of the Hopf 2-algebra of functions on the Conway group. This fact is used to construct an explicit embedding of the Conway two-valued group into

and thus to introduce a total group ordering on it. The two-valued algebraic involutive groups with symmetric multiplication law are classified, and it is shown that they are all obtained by the coset construction from the addition law on elliptic curves. In particular, this explains the special role of Mordell’s modification of the Markov equation and reveals its connection with two-valued groups in

-theory. The survey concludes with a discussion of the role of two-valued groups and the group

in the context of integrability in multivalued dynamics.
Bibliography: 104 titles.
On the homotopy finiteness of DG categories
Authors: Efimov A. I. 
Published: July 2019

Abstract
This paper gives a short overview of results related to homotopy finiteness of DG categories. A general plan is explained for proving homotopy finiteness of derived categories of coherent sheaves and coherent matrix factorizations on separated schemes of finite type over a field of characteristic zero.
Bibliography: 39 titles.
Some properties of embeddings of rearrangement invariant spaces
Authors: Astashkin S. V. , Semenov E. M. 
Published: July 2019

Abstract
Let

and

be rearrangement invariant spaces on

, and let

. This embedding is said to be strict if the functions in the unit ball of the space

have absolutely equicontinuous norms in

. For the main classes of rearrangement invariant spaces necessary and sufficient conditions are obtained for an embedding to be strict, and also the relationships this concept has with other properties of embeddings are studied, especially the property of disjoint strict singularity. In the final part of the paper, a characterization of the property of strict embedding in terms of interpolation spaces is obtained.
Bibliography: 23 titles.
Harmonic analysis of functions in homogeneous spaces and harmonic distributions that are periodic or almost periodic at infinity
Authors: Baskakov A. G. , Strukov V. E. , Strukova I. I. 
Published: July 2019

Abstract
Vector-valued functions in homogeneous spaces and harmonic distributions that are periodic or almost periodic at infinity are investigated. The concept of the Fourier series of a function (distribution), periodic or almost periodic at infinity, with coefficients that are functions (distributions) slowly varying at infinity, is introduced. The properties of the Fourier series are investigated and an analogue of Wiener’s theorem on absolutely convergent Fourier series is obtained for functions periodic at infinity. Special attention is given to criteria ensuring that solutions of differential or difference equations are periodic or almost periodic at infinity. The central results involve theorems on the asymptotic behaviour of a bounded operator semigroup whose generator has no limit points on the imaginary axis. In addition, the concept of an asymptotically finite-dimensional operator semigroup is introduced and a theorem on the structure of such a semigroup is proved.
Bibliography: 39 titles.
Higher colimits, derived functors and homology
Authors: Ivanov S. O. , Mikhailov R. V. , Sosnilo V. A. 
Published: July 2019

Abstract
We develop a theory of higher colimits over categories of free presentations. We show that different homology functors such as Hochschild and cyclic homology of algebras over a field of characteristic zero, simplicial derived functors, and group homology can be obtained as higher colimits of simply defined functors. Connes’ exact sequence linking Hochschild and cyclic homology was obtained using this approach as a corollary of a simple short exact sequence. As an application of the developed theory, we show that the third reduced

-functor can be defined as the colimit of the second reduced

-functor applied to the fibre square of a free presentation of an algebra. We also prove a Hopf-type formula for odd-dimensional cyclic homology of an algebra over a field of characteristic zero.
Bibliography: 17 titles.
A SWI/SNF subunit regulates chromosomal dissociation of structural maintenance complex 5 during DNA repair in plant cells
Authors: Jiang Jieming , Mao Ning , Hu Huan , Tang Jiahang , Han Danlu , Liu Song , Wu Qian , Liu Yiyang , Peng Changlian , Lai Jianbin , Yang Chengwei 
Published: July 2019

Significance
DNA repair is essential for accurate maintenance of genetic information in all types of cells, but what regulatory mechanisms act on the complexes involved in this process has been unclear. The structural maintenance complex 5/6 (SMC5/6) associates with chromosomes under normal conditions and is recruited to DNA double-strand breaks for repair. However, the mechanism by which this conserved complex becomes dissociated from its original chromosomal location during DNA repair is completely unknown. Here, we describe a mechanism in which the chromosomal dissociation of SMC5 in plant cells is mediated via SWI3B, a subunit of the SWI/SNF complex. Given that these proteins are evolutionarily conserved, the current findings may provide hints for the study of DNA repair in other species.
Active cargo positioning in antiparallel transport networks
Authors: Richard Mathieu , Blanch-Mercader Carles , Ennomani Hajer , Cao Wenxiang , De La Cruz Enrique M. , Joanny Jean-François , Jülicher Frank , Blanchoin Laurent , Martin Pascal 
Published: July 2019

Significance
Cellular functions rely on small groups of molecular motors to transport their cargoes throughout the cell along polar filaments of the cytoskeleton. Cytoskeletal filaments self-assemble into dense networks comprising intersections and filaments of mixed polarity, challenging directed motor-based transport. Using micropatterns of actin polymerization in vitro, we investigated stochastic transport of colloidal beads in antiparallel networks of overlapping actin filaments. We found that beads coated with myosin motors sensed the net polarity of the actin network, resulting in active bead positioning to regions of neutral polarity with a precision depending on the motor type. A theoretical description of our experimental results provides the key physical rules for cargo transport and positioning in filament networks of mixed polarity.
Adaptation by naïve CD4
+
T cells to self-antigen–dependent TCR signaling induces functional heterogeneity and tolerance
Authors: Zinzow-Kramer Wendy M. , Weiss Arthur , Au-Yeung Byron B. 
Published: July 2019

Significance
Prior to their exposure to foreign antigens, naïve T cells experience weak T cell antigen receptor (TCR) signals induced by self-antigens. These “basal” TCR signals vary in strength, which is reflected by the relative expression of markers such as CD5, Ly6C, and Nur77-GFP. Using a combination of Nur77-GFP and Ly6C, we show that the range of basal TCR signaling is broader than previously thought. A population of cells at the high end of this range experiences relatively strong basal TCR signals and attenuated responses to foreign antigen stimulation. These results suggest that T cells adapt to the strength of their basal TCR signaling, which results in heterogeneity of their functional capabilities following stimulation with foreign antigens.
Pervasive Arctic lead pollution suggests substantial growth in medieval silver production modulated by plague, climate, and conflict
Authors: McConnell Joseph R. , Chellman Nathan J. , Wilson Andrew I. , Stohl Andreas , Arienzo Monica M. , Eckhardt Sabine , Fritzsche Diedrich , Kipfstuhl Sepp , Opel Thomas , Place Philip F. , Steffensen Jørgen Peder 
Published: July 2019

SignificanceDetailed lead pollution measurements in an array of 13 ice cores spanning nearly half the Arctic showed surprisingly similar temporal variability during the past 2 millennia until the Industrial Revolution. Lead pollution increased by 250- to 300-fold from the Early Middle Ages to the 1970s industrial peak, reflecting large-scale emissions changes from ancient European silver production, recent fossil fuel burning, and other industrial activities. Pronounced decadal-scale increases coincided with exploitation of new mining districts, technology development, and periods of economic prosperity, while decreases coincided with climate disruptions, famines, major wars, and plagues. Despite midlatitude pollution abatement policies that reduced Arctic lead pollution by >80% since the 1970s, recent levels remain 60-fold higher than at the start of the Middle Ages.
Earth’s radiative imbalance from the Last Glacial Maximum to the present
Authors: Baggenstos Daniel , Häberli Marcel , Schmitt Jochen , Shackleton Sarah A. , Birner Benjamin , Severinghaus Jeffrey P. , Kellerhals Thomas , Fischer Hubertus 
Published: July 2019

SignificanceEarth’s radiative imbalance determines whether energy is flowing into or out of the ocean–atmosphere system. The present, anthropogenic, positive imbalance drives global warming. This study reconstructs the radiative imbalance for the last deglaciation, ∼20,000 to 10,000 y ago. During the deglaciation, a positive imbalance was maintained for several thousand years, which brought the climate system from the last ice age into the Holocene warm period. We show that the imbalance varied significantly during this time, possibly due to changes in ocean circulation that affect the radiative energy fluxes, highlighting the importance of internal variability in Earth’s energy budget.
A cell–cell interaction format for selection of high-affinity antibodies to membrane proteins
Authors: Yang Zhuo , Wan Yue , Tao Pingdong , Qiang Min , Dong Xue , Lin Chih-Wei , Yang Guang , Zheng Tianqing , Lerner Richard A. 
Published: July 2019

Significance
Antibodies are an important class of drugs. We developed a simple, easy-to-use method for antibody drug discovery targeting membrane proteins including gated ion channels and G protein-coupled receptors. While phage or yeast display provides a convenient tool for antibody screening, the development of therapeutic antibodies against membrane proteins still encounters bottlenecks, because it is usually difficult to purify membrane proteins in native conformation for selecting functional antibodies. To address this challenge, we designed a whole-cell screening platform based on yeast–mammalian cell interaction, which bypasses the step of membrane protein purification and enables the direct selection of antibodies against “difficult-to-purify membrane proteins” in native state.
Visualizing and manipulating the spatial and temporal coherence of light with an adjustable light source in an undergraduate experiment
Authors: Pieper K , Bergmann A , Dengler R , Rockstuhl C 
Published: July 2019

Abstract
Coherence expresses the ability of light to form interference patterns stationary in time and extended over a spatial domain. The importance of coherence is undoubted but teaching coherence constitutes a challenge. In particular, there are only a few simple and clear experiments to illustrate coherence. To render the phenomena of coherence more accessible and to point out the difference between spatial and temporal coherence, we introduce an undergraduate experiment consisting of a light source illuminating a double-slit and a Michelson interferometer. The light source is adjustable in its spatial extent, its central wavelength and its spectral width. With that we can control the spatial and temporal coherence of the emitted light. The variation of the spatial and temporal coherence causes changes in the contrast of the interference patterns in both interferometers captured simultaneously by two cameras at the output of the double-slit and the Michelson interferometer. Therefore, the change in spatial and temporal coherence can be directly visualised.
Configurational electronic states in layered transition metal dichalcogenides
Authors: Vodeb Jaka , Kabanov Viktor V , Gerasimenko Yaroslav A , Venturini Rok , Jan Ravnik  , van Midden Marion A , Zupanic Erik , Sutar Petra , Mihailovic Dragan 
Published: July 2019

Abstract
Mesoscopic irregularly ordered and even amorphous self-assembled electronic structures were recently reported in two-dimensional metallic dichalcogenides (TMDs), created and manipulated with short light pulses or by charge injection. Apart from promising new all-electronic memory devices, such states are of great fundamental importance, since such aperiodic states cannot be described in terms of conventional charge-density-wave (CDW) physics. In this paper, we address the problem of metastable mesoscopic configurational charge ordering in TMDs with a sparsely filled charged lattice gas model in which electrons are subject only to screened Coulomb repulsion. The model correctly predicts commensurate CDW states corresponding to different TMDs at magic filling fractions

f

m

=
1
/
3
,
1
/
4
,
1
/
9
,
1
/
13
,
1
/
16
.

Doping away from

f

m

results either in multiple near-degenerate configurational states, or an amorphous state at the correct density observed by scanning tunnelling microscopy. Quantum fluctuations between degenerate states predict a quantum charge liquid at low temperatures, revealing a new generalized viewpoint on both regular, irregular and amorphous charge ordering in transition metal dichalcogenides.
Delay-induced patterns in a predator–prey model on complex networks with diffusion
Authors: Chang Lili , Liu Chen , Sun Guiquan , Wang Zhen , Jin Zhen 
Published: July 2019

Abstract
Reaction-diffusion (RD) systems with time delays have been commonly used in modeling biological systems and can significantly change the dynamics of these systems. For predator–prey model with modified Leslie–Gower and Holling-type III schemes governed by RD equations, instability induced by time delay can generate spiral waves. Considering that populations are usually organized as networks instead of being continuously distributed in space, it is essential to study the predator–prey model on complex networks. In this paper, we investigate instability induced by time delay for the corresponding network organized system and explore pattern formations on several different networks including deterministic networks and random networks. We firstly obtain instability condition via linear stability analysis and then the condition is applied to study pattern formations for the model in question. The simulation results show that wave patterns can be generated on different networks. However, wave patterns on random networks differ significantly from patterns on deterministic networks. Finally, we discuss the influences of network topology on wave patterns from the aspects of amplitude and period, and reveal the ecology significance implied by these results.