bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Towards Open Collaborative Health Informatics - The Role of Free/Libre Open Source Principles
Authors: Schmuhl H. , Marcelo A. , Dal Molin J. , Wright G. , Karopka T. 
Published: March 2018

SummaryTo analyze the contribution of Free/Libre Open Source Software in health care (FLOSS-HC) and to give perspectives for future developments.The paper summarizes FLOSS-related trends in health care as anticipated by members of the IMIA Open Source Working Group. Data were obtained through literature review and personal experience and observations of the authors in the last two decades. A status quo is given by a frequency analysis of the database of Medfloss.org, one of the world’s largest platforms dedicated to FLOSS-HC. The authors discuss current problems in the field of health care and finally give a prospective roadmap, a projection of the potential influences of FLOSS in health care.FLOSS-HC already exists for more than 2 decades. Several projects have shown that FLOSS may produce highly competitive alternatives to proprietary solutions that are at least equivalent in usability and have a better total cost of ownership ratio. The Medfloss.org database currently lists 221 projects of diverse application types.FLOSS principles hold a great potential for addressing several of the most critical problems in health care IT. The authors argue that an ecosystem perspective is relevant and that FLOSS principles are best suited to create health IT systems that are able to evolve over time as medical knowledge, technologies, insights, workflows etc. continuously change. All these factors that inherently influence the development of health IT systems are changing at an ever growing pace. Traditional models of software engineering are not able to follow these changes and provide up-to-date systems for an acceptable cost/value ratio. To allow FLOSS to positively influence Health IT in the future a "FLOSS-friendly" environment has to be provided. Policy makers should resolve uncertainties in the legal framework that disfavor FLOSS. Certification procedures should be specified in a way that they do not raise additional barriers for FLOSS.
Understanding the Role of Device Level Interoperability in Promoting Health - Lessons Learned from the SmartPersonalHealth Project
Authors: Stroetmann V. , Thiel R. , Stroetmann K. A. , Romao M. , Strubin M. , Wilson P. 
Published: March 2018

SummaryTo summarize lessons learned from the European Commission (EC) co-funded project SmartPersonalHealth, a project to promote a greater understanding of the value of interoperability among Personal Health Systems (PHS) and between them and other eHealth systems, in the landscape of continuity of care and across multi-cultural environments in Europe.Key concepts in PHS interoperability, challenges, barriers and benefits were discussed with stakeholders (policy makers, regulators, procurers, healthcare providers, health professionals, patient representatives, industry, researchers) in three consultation workshops and a final conference. The results were synthesized in final report to the European Commission.The survey and analysis presented, which are designed to set the scene on the key requirements of device level interoperability within a context of using sensors, signals and imaging informatics in healthcare, set out key interoperability standards for PHS as provided for in the Continua Health Alliance Guidelines and explores further the need for wider organisational and regulatory aspects of interoperability.Achieving interoperability of eHealth systems is a complex process involving various actors and challenges far beyond technical and standardisation issues. For harnessing the key benefits of PHS, any interoperability scenario needs to account for value-based business cases for all stakeholders involved. It must foresee to enable seamless and consistent data and information flows by integrating and mixing devices used by patients/consumers at home, for remote monitoring, for home hospitalisation and/or within the hospital.
Sensors, Medical Images and Signal Processing:
Authors: Depeursinge A. , Müller H. ,   Section Editors for the IMIA Yearbook Section on Sensor, Signal and Imaging Informatics
Published: March 2018

SummaryTo summarize excellent research in the field of medical sensor, signal and imaging informatics published in the year 2010.Synopsis of the articles selected for the IMIA (International Medical Informatics Association) Yearbook 2011.Current research in the field of sensors, signal, and imaging informatics is characterized by theoretically sound techniques and evaluations with focus in imaging informatics. When compared to research on sensors and signals, imaging research represent the majority of published papers in 2010. Research published in 2010 was characterized by an increased participation of the clinicians in the study design, implementation and validation of computerized diagnosis aid tools.The best paper selection of articles on sensors, signal, and imaging informatics shows examples of excellent research on methods concerning theoretically sound original development in this field.
Das Mammakarzinom beim Mann
Authors: Kouba M. , Rudolph S. E. , Hrdlicka P. , Zuber M. A. 
Published: March 2018

ZusammenfassungBei einem 78-jährigen Patienten konnten diffuse Knochenschmerzen im Bereich der Wirbelsäule und des Beckens mittels bildgebender Diagnostik auf eine Knochenmetastasierung zurückgeführt werden. Nach Ausschluss eines Malignoms der Prostata durch den Urologen erfolgte eine internistische Vorstellung zur weiteren Primärtumorsuche. Bei der klinischen Untersuchung fiel ein exulzerierender Tumor der rechten Brust lateral der Mamille auf, welcher mit Hilfe einer Stanzbiopsie histologisch als invasiv wachsendes duktales Mammakarzinom eingeordnet werden konnte. Die Therapie bestand in einer Mastektomie, der Gabe des Bisphosphonates Zoledronsäure sowie einer palliativen Radatio der Knochenmetastasen.
Streptococcinum
Authors: Seul Brigitte 
Published: March 2018

ZusammenfassungDarstellung der homöopathischen Infektionsnosode Streptococcinum mit Hilfe von Rubriken im Repertorium; Interviews und Berichte von Patienten, die mit Streptococcinum behandelt wurden; Erläuterungen der Indikationen von D. M. Foubister zur Behandlung mit Infektionsnosoden bei akuten und chronischen Erkrankungen; Erwähnung von Behandlungsfällen aus der Literatur; Darstellung von Vergleichsmitteln.
Das Behandlungskonzept der gesteuerten Extraktionen – ein Update
Authors: Schneider-Moser Ute , Moser Lorenz , Stampfl Michaela , Bantleon Hans-Peter 
Published: March 2018

ZusammenfassungDas Behandlungskonzept der gesteuerten Extraktionen zur Auflösung ausgeprägter Zahnengstände ist schon seit langer Zeit bekannt. Besonders in den letzten Jahren ist es allerdings in Vergessenheit geraten, da das sich ständig erweiternde kieferorthopädische Therapiespektrum neue Möglichkeiten zur Platzbeschaffung umfasst. Die eigentliche Herausforderung in der Kieferorthopädie besteht jedoch nicht in der unbedingten Vermeidung von Extraktionen, sondern in der Wahl der geeignetsten Behandlungsstrategie für den individuellen Patienten unter Berücksichtigung von kraniofazialer Struktur und parodontalen Verhältnissen, mit dem Ziel, möglichst optimale dentale Beziehungen unter Wahrung der Gesichtsästhetik zu erreichen. Aus diesem Grund verdient die gesteuerte Extraktiontherapie eine kritische Reevaluation, da sie sowohl die Dauer der aktiven Behandlung, die Beeinträchtigung des Patienten durch Geräte und natürlich auch die Kosten reduziert und somit eine ausgezeichnete Strategie für bestimmte sorgfältig ausgesuchte Patienten darstellt.
Das chronische Kompartmentsyndrom
Authors: Gösele-Koppenburg Andreas 
Published: March 2018

ZusammenfassungDas chronische Kompartmentsyndrom (CKS) ist eine seltene und vor allem häufig übersehene Diagnose von chronischen Schmerzen am Bewegungsapparat. Ursache der Beschwerden ist ein Missverhältnis zwischen Kompartimentvolumen und Raumbedarf der Muskulatur. Durch eine Zunahme der Fasziendicke und eine Abnahme ihrer Elastizität kommt es unter Belastung zu einer pathologischen Drucksteigerung und damit verbunden zu Schmerzen. Der genaue Mechanismus ist jedoch immer noch unklar. Chronische Kompartmentsyndrome müssen von akuten Kompartmentsyndromen differenziert werden. Sie treten vor allem am Unterschenkel auf, aber auch der Oberschenkel, der Fuß, der Oberarm, der Vorderarm, die Hand und der Rücken können betroffen sein. Ein bilaterales Auftreten ist sehr häufig (80 %). Die Diagnosestellung basiert vor allem auf der Anamnese, der klinischen Untersuchung zur Abgrenzung der Differentialdiagnosen und der funktionellen Druckmessung. Weitere diagnostische Verfahren wie Nahinfrarotspektroskopie, MRI, Sonografie und Myotonometrie werden in der Literatur beschrieben. Die Therapie ist primär konservativ. Wenngleich meist erfolglos, sollte sie dennoch zunächst eingesetzt werden um eine Operation zu vermeiden. Bei den operativen Therapieformen unterscheiden wir die offene Fasziotomie, halboffene Verfahren und seit geraumer Zeit auch endoskopisch assistierte, minimalinvasive Methoden.
Renin-Angiotensin-Aldosterone System in the Pathogenesis of Pregnancy-Induced Hypertension
Authors: Świątkowska-Stodulska Renata , Kmieć Piotr , Stefańska Katarzyna , Sworczak Krzysztof 
Published: March 2018

SummaryHypertension occurs in 7–10% of pregnant women. Despite the continuous development of medicine, it is still an important risk factor for perinatal mortality of both mothers and fetuses. Pregnant women with hypertension are at greater risk of complications such as: placental abruption, cerebral and cardiac incidents, multiorgan failure, and disseminated intravascular coagulation. The aim of this review was to discuss multilevel disorders of the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system in the etiopathogenesis of pregnancy-induced hypertension.
Comparative pathology and pathogenesis of naturally acquired and experimentally induced colonic spirochetosis
Authors: Duhamel Gerald E. 
Published: March 2018

AbstractResearch in the past decade has led to the recognition ofBrachyspira(formerlySerpulina)pilosicolias the primary etiologic agent of colonic spirochetosis (CS), an emerging cause of colitis in humans and animals. Attachment of spirochetes to the epithelial surface of the lower intestine is considered to be the hallmark of CS. However, becauseB. pilosicoli, B. aalborgiand unclassified flagellated bacteria are found singly or together in humans and non-human primates with CS lesions, attachment of spiral-shaped bacteria may not represent the same etiopathogenetic entity in all hosts. Moreover, North American opossums with CS are infected withB. aalborgi-like spirochetes together with flagellated bacteria, whereasB. pilosicoliis found alone in dogs, pigs, chickens and other species of birds with CS. Conversely, guinea-pigs with CS have unidentified spirochetes that may beB. pilosicoli or B. aalborgi.The pig model of CS suggests that attachment ofB. pilosicolito epithelial cells may be transient. By contrast, persistence ofB. pilosicoliin the cecal and colonic crypt lumina, chronic inflammation caused by spirochetal invasion into the subepithelial lamina propria and translocation to extraintestinal sites may be more important than previously thought. This review describes the lesions seen in naturally occurring and experimentally induced CS of animals, and it sets the stage for future research into the pathogenic mechanisms of infection and colitis caused byB. pilosicoli.
Mycobacterium paratuberculosisand the bovine immune system
Authors: Coussens Paul M. 
Published: March 2018

AbstractMycobacterium aviumsubspeciesparatuberculosis(M. paratuberculosis) is the causative agent of Johne’s disease, a deadly intestinal ailment of ruminants. Johne’s disease is of tremendous economic importance to the worldwide dairy industry, causing major losses due to reduced production and early culling of animals. A highly controversial but developing link between exposure toM. paratuberculosisand human Crohn’s disease in some individuals has led to the suggestion thatM. paratuberculosisis also a potential food safety concern. As with many other mycobacteria,M. paratuberculosisis exquisitely adapted to survival in the host, despite aggressive immune reactions to these organisms. One hallmark of mycobacteria, includingM. paratuberculosis, is their propensity to infect macrophages. Inside the macrophage,M. paratuberculosisinterferes with the maturation of the phagosome by an unknown mechanism, thereby evading the host’s normal first line of defense against bacterial pathogens. The host immune system begins a series of attacks againstM. paratuberculosis-infected macrophages, including the rapid deployment of activated γδ T cells, CD4+T cells and cytolytic CD8+T cells. These cells interact with the persistently infected macrophage and with each other through a complex network of cytokines and receptors. Despite these aggressive efforts to clear the infection,M. paratuberculosispersists and the constant struggle of the immune system leads to pronounced damage to the intestinal epithelial cells. Enhancing our ability to control this important and tenacious pathogen will require a deeper understanding of howM. paratuberculosisinterferes with macrophage action, the cell types involved in the immune response, the cytokines these cells use to communicate, and the host genetic factors that control the response to infection.
Chicoric acid mitigates impaired insulin sensitivity by improving mitochondrial function
Authors: Kim Ji-Sun , Lee Hyunjung , Jung Chang Hwa , Lee Sung-Joon , Ha Tae-Youl , Ahn Jiyun 
Published: March 2018

Abstract
Mitochondrial dysfunction is associated with insulin resistance. Although chicoric acid (CA) is known to have beneficial effects on insulin sensitivity, the involvement of mitochondrial function has not been elucidated yet. Here, we investigated the effect of CA on insulin resistance and mitochondrial dysfunction. In palmitate-induced insulin-resistant C2C12 myotubes, CA improved impaired glucose uptake and insulin signaling pathways, along with enhanced mitochondrial membrane potential and oxygen consumption. CA treatment in diet-induced obese mice ameliorated glucose tolerance and increased insulin sensitivity. CA treatment also recovered the dysregulated expression of glucose metabolism-related genes in the high-fat-fed mice. CA significantly increased the mitochondrial DNA content, citrate synthase, and ATP content, as well as the expression of genes related to mitochondrial biogenesis and oxidative phosphorylation in the liver and skeletal muscle in high-fat- fed obese mice. These findings suggested that CA attenuates insulin resistance and promotes insulin sensitivity by enhancing mitochondrial function.
The influence of pacing strategy on marathon world records
Authors: Díaz José Joaquín , Fernández‐Ozcorta Eduardo José , Santos‐Concejero Jordan 
Published: March 2018

AbstractThe aim of this study was to analyse the influence of the pacing strategy adopted by elite marathon runners when setting every marathon world record in the last 50 years. We divided former marathon record holders into two groups: classic athletes (record holders between 1967 and 1988) and contemporaneous athletes (record holders between 1988 and 2018). The total distance of the marathon was divided into 8 sections of 5 km and 1 last section of 2.195 km, and the relative average speed of each section was calculated individually. On average athletes were slightly faster in the first half‐marathon than in the second one, where they slowed down progressively (ES = 0.28, small effect). However, when comparing classic vs. contemporaneous athletes, we observed that classic athletes started significantly faster (p < .05, ES = 1.16, moderate effect), although after 25 km, their speed dropped dramatically and was significantly slower than in their contemporaneous counterparts (ES = 2.41, very large effect). This study shows that the pacing strategies of the best marathon runners in the world have changed over the last 50 years. Although a negative pace distribution has been proposed as the most efficient option, a pacing strategy characterised by very little speed changes across the whole race may be the way to go in the future.
Attention Measures of Accuracy, Variability, and Fatigue Detect Early Response to Donepezil in Alzheimer’s Disease: A Randomized, Double-blind, Placebo-Controlled Pilot Trial
Authors: Vila-Castelar Clara , Ly Jenny J , Kaplan Lillian , Van Dyk Kathleen , Berger Jeffrey T , Macina Lucy O , Stewart Jennifer L , Foldi Nancy S 
Published: March 2018

Abstract

Objective
Donepezil is widely used to treat Alzheimer’s disease (AD), but detecting early response remains challenging for clinicians. Acetylcholine is known to directly modulate attention, particularly under high cognitive conditions, but no studies to date test whether measures of attention under high load can detect early effects of donepezil. We hypothesized that load-dependent attention tasks are sensitive to short-term treatment effects of donepezil, while global and other domain-specific cognitive measures are not.

Method
This longitudinal, randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled pilot trial (ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier: NCT03073876) evaluated 23 participants newly diagnosed with AD initiating de novo donepezil treatment (5 mg). After baseline assessment, participants were randomized into Drug (n = 12) or Placebo (n = 11) groups, and retested after approximately 6 weeks. Cognitive assessment included: (a) attention tasks (Foreperiod Effect, Attentional Blink, and Covert Orienting tasks) measuring processing speed, top-down accuracy, orienting, intra-individual variability, and fatigue; (b) global measures (Alzheimer’s Disease Assessment Scale-Cognitive Subscale, Mini-Mental Status Examination, Dementia Rating Scale); and (c) domain-specific measures (memory, language, visuospatial, and executive function).

Results
The Drug but not the Placebo group showed benefits of treatment at high-load measures by preserving top-down accuracy, improving intra-individual variability, and averting fatigue. In contrast, other global or cognitive domain-specific measures could not detect treatment effects over the same treatment interval.

Conclusions
The pilot-study suggests that attention measures targeting accuracy, variability, and fatigue under high-load conditions could be sensitive to short-term cholinergic treatment. Given the central role of acetylcholine in attentional function, load-dependent attentional measures may be valuable cognitive markers of early treatment response.
Vidian Neurectomy for Management of Chronic Cluster Headache
Authors: Liu Shao-Cheng , Kao Ming-Chang , Huang Yun-Chen , Su Wan-Fu 
Published: March 2018

Abstract

BACKGROUND
Management of chronic cluster headache (CCH) remains a challenging endeavor, and the optimal surgical approach for medically refractory CCH remains controversial.

OBJECTIVE
To conduct a preliminary evaluation of the efficacy and safety of vidian neurectomy (VN) in patients with medically refractory CCH.

METHODS
Between March 2013 and December 2015, 9 CCH patients, all of whom had failed to respond to conservative therapy, underwent VN with a precise nerve cut and maximal preservation of the sphenopalatine ganglion. Data included demographic variables, cluster headache onset and duration, mean attack frequency, mean attack intensity, and pain disability index measures pre- and through 12-mo postsurgery.

RESULTS
Seven of the 9 cases (77.8%) showed immediate improvement. Improvement was delayed by 1 mo in 1 patient, after which the surgical effects of pain relief were maintained throughout the follow-up period. One patient (11.1%) did not improve after surgery. One year after VN, patients’ mean attack frequency, mean attack intensity, and pain disability index decreased by 54.5%, 52.9%, and 56.4%, respectively. No patient experienced treatment-related side effects or complications.

CONCLUSION
VN is an effective treatment method for CCH patients. Precise Vidian nerve identification and maximal preservation of the sphenopalatine ganglion may achieve good surgical outcomes and dramatically improve quality of life among patients, without significant adverse events.
Patients First: Toward a Patient-Centered Instrument to Measure Impact of Chronic Pain
Authors: Reneman Michiel F , Brandsema Kees P D , Schrier Ernst , Dijkstra Pieter U , Krabbe Paul F M 
Published: March 2018

Abstract

Background
Numerous instruments are available to measure the impact of chronic pain, yet most have been developed with little or no patient involvement. This study seeks to start bridging that gap by determining which health aspects or attributes (to be included in a future instrument) are considered most important by people with chronic pain.

Objective
The goal of this study was to reveal which attributes reflecting impact of chronic pain are considered most important by people with chronic pain and to analyze differences in importance according to gender, age categories, diagnostic subgroups, and pain intensity categories.

Design
This study used a sequential explanatory mixed-methods design: literature search, focus group meetings, and online survey.

Methods
First, a literature search was performed to identify the attributes in existing instruments. In 68 instruments meeting inclusion criteria, 155 unique attributes were identified, 85 of which remained after applying the exclusion criteria. Second, 2 focus group meetings, with 6 and 4 patients, respectively, were held to verify that no attributes had been missed. Three attributes were subsequently added. Third, individuals with chronic pain were then sent an online survey through several patient organizations.

Results
A total of 939 patients were asked to select the 8 attributes they deemed most important, which resulted in the following list: fatigue, social life, cramped muscles, sleeping, housekeeping, concentration, not being understood, and control over pain. The importance assigned to these 8 attributes varied slightly according to age, gender, and diagnostic subgroup.

Limitations
Participation rate could not be established because of the online survey.

Conclusions
Attributes reflecting impact of chronic pain deemed most important by patients are revealed. Importance of impact differs according to subgroups. The “patients-first” methodology used here revealed attributes that were not comprehensively covered in currently available instruments for measuring the impact of chronic pain.