bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
From bench to bedside: Current developments and future possibilities of artificial human ovary to restore fertility
Authors: Salama Mahmoud , Woodruff Teresa K. 
Published: February 2019

AbstractSeveral fertility restoration options are not feasible for some cancer patients, poor responders and patients with premature ovarian failure who have diminished ovarian reserve. To preserve and restore fertility in such patients, new strategies should be offered including artificial human ovary technology. In this mini‐review, we explore from bench to bedside the current developments and future possibilities of artificial human ovary technology to restore fertility.
The EX‐PRESS glaucoma shunt versus nonpenetrating deep sclerectomy with Esnoper implant in combined surgery for open‐angle glaucoma: a prospective randomized study
Authors: Muñoz Marcos , Anton Alfonso , Castany Marta , Gil Alfonso , Martinez Alberto , Muñoz‐Negrete Francisco J. , Urcelay Jose , Moreno‐Montañes Javier 
Published: February 2019

AbstractPurposeTo report 1‐year treatment outcomes of P50 EX‐PRESS implant versus nonpenetrating deep sclerectomy (NPDS) with Esnoper V2000 combined with phacoemulsification.DesignRandomized, prospective and multicentre clinical trial.MethodsSettings: Six clinical centres. Population: Patients 54–89 years of age without previous filtering surgery with cataract and glaucoma who required lower levels of intraocular pressure (IOP). Interventions: Phaco‐EX‐PRESS P50 or Phaco‐NPDS with Esnoper V2000, both groups with mitomycin C (0.2 mg/ml for 2 min). Main outcome measures: IOP, complete success rate (IOP: ≥6 and ≤18 mmHg), visual acuity, use of medical therapy and systematic assessment of complications and postoperative interventions.ResultsA total of 98 eyes were enrolled, including 50 in the EX‐PRESS group and 48 in the NPDS group. At 12 months, IOP (mean ± SD) was 13.9 ± 3.3 mmHg in EX‐PRESS group and 13.3 ± 3.6 mmHg in NPDS group (p = 0.38). Success rate was 75% and 80% in EX‐PRESS and NPDS groups, respectively (p = 0.53). The number of glaucoma medications (mean ± SD) was 0.2 ± 0.55 in EX‐PRESS group and 0.17 ± 0.44 in NPDS group (p = 1.00). The total number of complications was 66 in 35 subjects in EX‐PRESS group and 39 in 23 subjects in NPDS group (p = 0.02). The incidence of more than one complication was n = 13 (26%) versus n = 9 (18.8%) in EX‐PRESS and NPDS groups, respectively (p = 0.38). The total number of required postoperative interventions was 59 and 26 in EX‐PRESS and NPDS groups, respectively (p = 0.01). Visual acuity was similar in both groups at month 12 (p = 0.13). Surgical time (mean ± SD) was 52.6 ± 13.6 min in EX‐PRESS group and 63.3 ± 19.4 min in NPDS group (p = 0.01).ConclusionPhaco‐EX‐PRESS surgery had similar success rate compared to Phaco‐NPDS during 1 year of follow‐up. Both procedures were associated with similar IOP reduction and use of additional medical therapy at 12 months. EX‐PRESS surgery required more postoperative interventions and had more complications, but needed less surgical time compared to NPDS.
Retinal oxygen saturation in 1461 healthy children aged 7–19 and its associated factors
Authors: Liu Xiaoxiao , He Xiangui , Yin Yao , Zhang Bo , Sun Sifei , Zhu Jianfeng , Zou Haidong , Wang Ling , Xu Xun 
Published: February 2019

AbstractPurposeThe aim of the present study was to investigate age‐specific normative retinal oxygen saturation values and explore the associated factors in healthy Chinese school‐aged children with different refractive statuses.DesignPopulation‐based observational cross‐sectional study.MethodsChildren aged 7–19 years were enrolled. Each participant underwent a series of comprehensive ocular examinations, including axial length (AL), cycloplegic refraction and Oxymap T1 imagery following cycloplegia. The acquired oximetry images were measured, and the values of the retinal oxygen saturation parameters were calculated. The independent factors of the retinal oxygen saturation were analysed using multiple linear regression. The oxygen saturation of retinal arteries (SaO2) and veins (SvO2) as well as the differences between the arteries and veins (AVD) were measured as the main outcomes.ResultsIn total, 1461 participants were included in the study. The mean age of the participants was 12.1 ± 3.2 years, and 53.0% were boys. The mean SaO2, SvO2 and AVD values were 83.7 ± 6.4%, 50.1 ± 5.4% and 33.6 ± 5.4%, respectively, and the values increased with age. Girls had higher SvO2 and lower AVD than boys (p < 0.05). The Pearson correlation coefficients among spherical equivalent (SE) and SaO2, SvO2 and AVD were −0.372, −0.203 and −0.240, respectively (all p < 0.001), while the correlations between AL and SaO2, SvO2 and AVD were 0.276, 0.106 and 0.221, respectively (all p < 0.001). The myopia group had significantly higher SaO2, SvO2 and AVD than the emmetropia and hyperopia groups (p < 0.001), but the high myopia group had lower SaO2 and SvO2 than the moderate myopia group. When age, gender, body mass index (BMI), intraocular pressure (IOP) and axial length (AL) were included as factors in the multiple regression, older age was associated with higher SaO2, SvO2 and AVD, while longer AL was associated with higher SaO2 and AVD. Gender was an independent factor predicting SvO2, while gender and BMI were the independent factors predicting AVD. Age explained more variance than AL in SaO2, SvO2 and AVD.ConclusionsOur population‐based study provides age‐specific profiles of retinal oxygen saturation in Chinese children and adolescents. Older age and longer AL were important independent factors of increased retinal oxygen saturation.
Body mass index in early pregnancy and future risk of severe liver disease: a population‐based cohort study
Authors: Hagström Hannes , Höijer Jonas , Andreasson Anna , Bottai Matteo , Johansson Kari , Ludvigsson Jonas F. , Stephansson Olof 
Published: February 2019

SummaryBackgroundIn young men, high body mass index (BMI) has been linked to liver disease later in life, but it is unclear if this also applies to women.AimTo study the association between BMI early in life and development of liver disease later in life in women.MethodsWe obtained data on early pregnancy BMI from 1 139 458 Swedish women between 1992 and 2015. National registers were used to ascertain incident severe liver disease, defined as cirrhosis, decompensated liver disease (hepatocellular carcinoma, oesophageal varices, hepatorenal syndrome or hepatic encephalopathy) or liver failure. A Cox regression model was used to investigate associations of BMI with incident severe liver disease adjusting for maternal age, calendar year, country of birth, smoking, civil status and education.ResultsDuring an average follow‐up of 13.8 years, 774 women developed severe liver disease. Compared to women with a low normal BMI (18.5‐22.4), an increased risk of severe liver disease was found in women with BMI between 22.5 and 24.9 kg/m2 (adjusted hazard ratio [aHR] 1.25, 95% CI 1.04‐1.50), 25.0 and 29.9 kg/m2 (aHR 1.27, 95% CI 1.05‐1.53) and BMI ≥ 30 kg/m2 (aHR 1.77, 95% CI 1.40‐2.24). When examining BMI as a continuous variable, the aHR increased by 4% per kg/m2 (95% CI 1.02‐1.05). A diagnosis of diabetes was associated with an increased risk of severe liver disease independent of baseline BMI.ConclusionA high BMI early in life in women is associated with a dose‐dependent, increased risk for future severe liver disease.
Effect of different time intervals after feeding on plasma metabolites in growing pigs: an UPLC‐MS‐based metabolomics study
Authors: Liu Hu , Li Tiantian , Jiang Zhaoning , Wang Wenhui , Ming Dongxu , Chen Yifan , Wang Fenglai 
Published: February 2019

AbstractA diet consumed by pigs provides the nutrients for the production of a large number of metabolites that, after first‐pass metabolism in the liver, circulate systemically where they may exert diverse physiologic influences on pigs. So far, little is known of how feeding elicits changes in metabolic profiles for growing pigs. This study investigated differences in plasma metabolites in growing pigs at several intervals after feeding using the technique of metabolomics. Ten barrows (22.5 ± 0.5 kg BW) were fed a corn‐soybean meal basal diet and were kept in metabolism crates for a period of 11 days. An indwelling catheter was inserted into the jugular vein of each pig before the experimental period. Plasmas before and 1, 4, and 8 hr after feeding were collected at day 11 and differential metabolites were determined using a metabolomics approach. Direct comparison at several intervals after feeding revealed differences in 14 compounds. Identified signatures were enriched in metabolic pathways related to linoleic acid metabolism, arginine and proline metabolism, lysine degradation, glycine, serine and threonine metabolism, and lysine biosynthesis. These results suggest that plasma metabolites of growing pigs after feeding were modulated through changes in linoleic acid metabolism and amino acid metabolism.
An Iterative Penalized Least Squares Approach to Sparse Canonical Correlation Analysis
Authors: Mai Qing , Zhang Xin 
Published: February 2019

AbstractIt is increasingly interesting to model the relationship between two sets of high-dimensional measurements with potentially high correlations. Canonical correlation analysis (CCA) is a classical tool that explores the dependency of two multivariate random variables and extracts canonical pairs of highly correlated linear combinations. Driven by applications in genomics, text mining, and imaging research, among others, many recent studies generalize CCA to high-dimensional settings. However, most of them either rely on strong assumptions on covariance matrices, or do not produce nested solutions. We propose a new sparse CCA (SCCA) method that recasts high-dimensional CCA as an iterative penalized least squares problem. Thanks to the new iterative penalized least squares formulation, our method directly estimates the sparse CCA directions with efficient algorithms. Therefore, in contrast to some existing methods, the new SCCA does not impose any sparsity assumptions on the covariance matrices. The proposed SCCA is also very flexible in the sense that it can be easily combined with properly chosen penalty functions to perform structured variable selection and incorporate prior information. Moreover, our proposal of SCCA produces nested solutions and thus provides great convenient in practice. Theoretical results show that SCCA can consistently estimate the true canonical pairs with an overwhelming probability in ultra-high dimensions. Numerical results also demonstrate the competitive performance of SCCA.
Aneuploidy in children with relapsed B‐cell precursor acute lymphoblastic leukaemia: clinical importance of detecting a hypodiploid origin of relapse
Authors: Groeneveld‐Krentz Stefanie , Schroeder Michael P. , Reiter Michael , Pogodzinski Malwine J. , Pimentel‐Gutiérrez Helia J. , Vagkopoulou Renia , Hof Jana , Chen‐Santel Christiane , Nebral Karin , Bradtke Jutta , Türkmen Seval , Baldus Claudia D. , Gattenlöhner Stefan , Haas Oskar A. , von Stackelberg Arend , Karawajew Leonid , Eckert Cornelia , Kirschner‐Schwabe Renate 
Published: February 2019

SummaryAneuploidy is common in paediatric B‐cell precursor acute lymphoblastic leukaemia (ALL). Specific subgroups, such as high hyperdiploidy (>50 chromosomes or DNA Index ≥1·16) and hypodiploidy (<45 chromosomes), predict outcome of patients after primary treatment. Whether aneuploidy has a prognostic value for relapsed disease is yet to be determined. Using DNA index and centromere screening by multiplex ligation‐dependent probe amplification, we investigated aneuploidy in 413 children treated for first relapse of B‐cell precursor ALL according to the ALL‐REZ BFM 2002 protocol. Ten‐year event‐free survival of patients with high hyperdiploid relapses approached 70%, whereas it was only 40% in low hyperdiploid relapses. Three patients with apparent hyperdiploid relapse had TP53 mutations. In these cases, array‐based allelotyping revealed a hypodiploid origin with absence of the hypodiploid founder clone (masked hypodiploidy). Collectively, patients with evident or masked hypodiploid relapses showed an extremely low event‐free survival rate of 9%. Importantly, the current relapse risk stratification did not identify cases with masked hypodiploidy as high‐risk patients, due to their favourable clinical presentation. In multivariate analysis, hypodiploidy proved to be an independent prognostic factor. This finding supports stratification of relapses with hypodiploid origin into high‐risk arms in future trials or allocation of patients to alternative treatment approaches.
Long‐term survivors of childhood, adolescent and young adult non‐Hodgkin lymphoma
Authors: Ehrhardt Matthew J. , Hochberg Jessica , Bjornard Kari L. , Brinkman Tara M. 
Published: February 2019

SummaryProgress in overall survival rates for childhood non‐Hodgkin lymphoma (NHL) can be largely attributed to effective development and conduct of a number of international treatment studies. Knowledge gained from these studies has shifted the treatment paradigm from a “one‐size fits all” strategy to a histologically dependent approach. More specifically, many now adhere to a risk‐stratified approach, prescribing cumulative doses and intensities of chemotherapeutic exposures based upon the aggressiveness of disease. Moreover, recognition that high cure rates could be achieved without the use of radiation has eliminated the use of this modality in frontline settings for the majority of newly diagnosed children. These changes have contributed to the emergence of a heterogeneous group of NHL survivors. As the number of NHL survivors continues to increase, providers will encounter a wide spectrum of individuals whose risk for long‐term complications are accordingly diverse. The following review summarizes the existing literature surrounding late effects, such as chronic health conditions, functional and neurocognitive performance outcomes, and health‐related quality of life, that are unique to NHL survivors, as well as those extrapolated from the broader childhood cancer survivor population.
Risperidone effects on heterochromatin: the role of kinase signaling
Authors: Feiner B , Chase K A , Melbourne J K , Rosen C , Sharma R P 
Published: February 2019

Summary
Epigenetic effects of anti-psychotic medications are poorly understood. We have appropriated a model whereby heterochromatin is established through 24- or 48-h lipopolysaccharide (LPS) treatment, and tested the epigenetic effects of risperidone along the adenylyl cyclase/protein kinase A (AC/PKA) pathway in human liposarcoma cells that express the LPS-sensitive Toll-like receptor (TLR)-4. Human SW872 cells were cultured with LPS and mRNA expression levels and epigenetic modifications of dimethylated lysine 9 of histone 2 (H3K9me2), geterochromatin protein 1γ (HP1γ) and phospho-H3S10 at promoters of interleukin (IL)-6, tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α and IL1β were measured. Pharmacological manipulation of the AC/PKA pathway was achieved through treatment with a PKA inhibitor (H89), mitogen- and stress-activated kinase 1 (MSK1) inhibitor (SB-747651A) or forskolin. Twenty-four and 48-h LPS treatment establishes heterochromatin at selected promoters, corresponding to decreased mRNA expression. Concurrent risperidone treatment with LPS treatment can both ‘block’ and ‘reverse’ heterochromatin formation. Forskolin treatment resulted in a similar disassembling effect on heterochromatin. Conversely, inhibition of PKA by H89 or MSK1 both blocked ‘normalizing’ effects of risperidone on LPS-induced heterochromatin. Our results demonstrate that risperidone can disassemble heterochromatin, exerting this effect along the G-protein/AC/PKA pathway. This approach can also be utilized to investigate functional outcomes of single or combined pharmacological treatments on chromatin assemblies in human cells.
Advances of tooth‐derived stem cells in neural diseases treatments and nerve tissue regeneration
Authors: Wang Dianri , Wang Yuhao , Tian Weidong , Pan Jian 
Published: February 2019

AbstractNerous system diseases, both central and peripheral, bring an incredible burden onto patients and enormously reduce their quality of life. Currently, there are still no effective treatments to repair nerve lesions that do not have side effects. Stem cell–based therapies, especially those using dental stem cells, bring new hope to neural diseases. Dental stem cells, derived from the neural crest, have many characteristics that are similar to neural cells, indicating that they can be an ideal source of cells for neural regeneration and repair. This review summarizes the neural traits of all the dental cell types, including DPSCs, PDLCs, DFCs, APSCs and their potential applications in nervous system diseases. We have summed up the advantages of dental stem cells in neural repair, such as their neurotrophic and neuroprotective traits, easy harvest and low rejective reaction rate, among others. Taken together, dental stem cells are an ideal cell source for neural tissue regeneration and repair.
Generalizability of glucagon‐like peptide‐1 receptor agonist cardiovascular outcome trials to the overall type 2 diabetes population in the United States
Authors: Boye Kristina S. , Riddle Matthew C. , Gerstein Hertzel C. , Mody Reema , Garcia‐Perez Luis‐Emilio , Karanikas Chrisanthi A. , Lage Maureen J. , Riesmeyer Jeffrey S. , Lakshmanan Mark C. 
Published: February 2019

AimTo examine the generalizability of results from glucagon‐like peptide‐1 receptor agonist (GLP‐1 RA) cardiovascular outcome trials (CVOTs) in the US type 2 diabetes (T2D) population.Materials and methodsPatients enrolled or eligible for inclusion in four CVOTs (EXSCEL, LEADER, REWIND, and SUSTAIN‐6) were examined in reference to a retrospective clinical database weighted to match the age and sex distribution of the US adult T2D population. We descriptively compared key baseline characteristics of the populations enrolled in each trial to those of the reference population and estimated the proportions of individuals in the reference population represented by those in the trials for each characteristic. We also estimated the proportions of individuals in the reference population that might have been enrolled in each trial based upon meeting the trial inclusion and exclusion (I/E) criteria.ResultsNo trial's enrolled population perfectly matched the reference population in key characteristics. The EXSCEL population most closely matched in mean age (62.7 vs. 60.5 years) and percentage with estimated glomerular filtration rate <60 (18.6 vs. 17.3%), while REWIND most closely matched in HbA1c, sex distribution, and proportion with a prior myocardial infarction. Based on I/E criteria, 42.6% of the reference population were eligible for enrolment in REWIND, versus 15.9% in EXSCEL, 13.0% in SUSTAIN‐6, and 12.9% in LEADER.ConclusionsAlthough none of the trials are fully representative of the general population, among the four trials examined, results from baseline REWIND were found to be more generalizable to the US adult T2D population than those of other GLP‐1 RA CVOTs.
Continual Improvement of Online and Blended Teaching Using Relative Proximity Theory
Authors: MacLeod Kenneth R. , Swart William W. , Paul Ravi C. 
Published: February 2019

ABSTRACTThis article applies Deming's Plan‐Do‐Study‐Act (PDSA) cycle of continual improvement to a course taught with both blended and online sections. It uses Relative Proximity Theory, an extension of the Theory of Transactional Distance, to measure the quality of online/blended learning as a function of the obstacles to a student's full engagement with a course. These obstacles can arise because of the student's transactions with fellow students, with the instructor, with the course content, or from the instructional technology used in the course. Using stepwise multiple regression, the most significant obstacles can be identified. Once the obstacles are known, strategies to reduce them are planned and implemented. Logistic regression is used to determine if the realized reductions are statistically significant and for setting the stage for further improvements.
Teaching Plan‐Do‐Study‐Act (PDSA) in a Supply Chain Context: A Paper Football In‐Class Activity
Authors: Brau Rebekah Inez , Gardner John W. , Webb G. Scott , McDonald Jason K. 
Published: February 2019

ABSTRACTWe develop a single‐class period learning game for the Plan‐Do‐Study‐Act (PDSA) improvement cycle. The experiential activity walks teams through the PDSA problem‐solving process as they create paper American footballs and improve their performance using each step of the cycle. The game is one of the first to focus on PDSA. Key benefits include increased student attention, engagement, and learning. Empirical tests show that participant pre‐ and post‐test scores regarding their understanding of each phase of PDSA improved 21.2% after completing the game. Additionally, the treatment group performed 16.6% higher than the control group. In participant perception questions, 85% of participants felt the game was more effective than lecture or reading, 93% felt the game was fun, 95% felt the game improved their understanding of PDSA, and 98% felt the game was engaging.
Perceived stress and psychosis: The effect of perceived stress on psychotic‐like experiences in a community sample of adolescents
Authors: Turley Dan , Drake Richard , Killackey Eoin , Yung Alison R. 
Published: February 2019

AimsPsychotic‐like experiences (PLE) are sub‐threshold, non‐clinical forms of psychosis which can place an individual at greater risk of development of a psychotic disorder. Subtypes of PLE have also been shown to exist (bizarre experiences, persecutory ideation, perceptual abnormalities and magical thinking). Perceived stress relates to how two individuals may deal with the same objectively stressful event in different ways. The objective of our study was to investigate the extent to which perceived stress is associated with PLE in a community sample of adolescents, whether certain subtypes of PLE correlate more with perceived stress than others and to explore the role of depression with these associations.MethodsA total of 655 students completed the community assessment of psychic experiences (CAPE) and perceived stress scale (PSS). Pearson's correlation was used to investigate the relationship between PSS and CAPE and also between perceived stress and the four subtypes of PLE. Regression then explored the effect of perceived stress on PLE when accounting for depressive symptomatology.ResultsPositive correlation was found between PSS and total CAPE (r = 0.405, P = 0.000). Positive significant correlation was also found between PSS and each subtype of PLE, with persecutory ideation correlating the strongest and magical thinking the least. Perceived stress was significantly associated with PLE even after adjusting for depression.ConclusionsWe recommend that more regular screening of perceived stress in adolescent populations could lead to earlier recognition of PLE. Early treatment has shown to reduce rates of transition to psychosis, and so could benefit our adolescent community in the future.