bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Fulfilling Set Objectives: A Case Study of Teacher Development in Two Primary Schools in Beijing
Authors: Lai Manhong , Wang Lijia 
Published: July 2019

Purpose: This study aims to reveal the recent characteristics of school-based teacher development (STD) in China since it is perceived as a key measure to achieve success in raising educational quality in the country. Design/Approach/Methods: A qualitative research approach with in-depth interviews of 18 teachers at two primary schools in Beijing was used. Findings: Through the lens of cultural-historical activity theory (CHAT), it was observed that the objectives adaptation of teacher communities was made under the control of the District Education Bureau. STD provides the venue for ordinary teachers to learn, understand, and implement the teaching initiatives promoted by the district. Teacher communities at school level therefore implement continuous professional development initiatives promoted by Education Bureau teaching research officers. Originality/Value: This article argues that the administrative style of local government affected teacher community’s object, rules, and division of labor. It also contributes an indigenous interpretation of the CHAT theory.
Self-perception of friendship style: Young adults with and without autism spectrum disorder
Authors: Finke Erinn H , McCarthy Jillian H , Sarver Natalie A 
Published: July 2019

Background It has been reported that people on the autism spectrum have difficulty making and maintaining friendships. Congruence of perspective on friendships and friendship practices may affect the frequency and intensity of friendships, but this is not well understood. Aims The aims of the current project were to identify the similarities and differences in the broad perspectives and friendship practices of young adults with and without autism. Method and procedures Young adults with and without autism between the ages of 18 and 24 years completed an online survey to determine the friendship preferences that most define the perspectives of young adults with autism. Outcomes and results The results identified primarily differences in the broad perspectives and friendship practices of young adults with and without autism spectrum disorder, which may provide a context for understanding the values and priorities that need to be considered as two people (whether they have an autism spectrum disorder diagnosis or not) embark on a new potential friendship, and may help people with autism (as well as clinicians, educators, and caregivers) understand why some friendships flounder and others are established and maintained with relative ease.
Association of Fundus Autofluorescence Findings and Outer Retinal Lesions on Optical Coherence Tomography With Visual Acuity in Birdshot Chorioretinopathy
Authors: Kopplin Laura J. , Munk Marion , Baynham Justin , Rosenbaum James T. , Suhler Eric B. , Biggee Kristin , Goldstein Debra A. , Lin Phoebe 
Published: July 2019

Purpose: This article investigates the optical coherence tomography (OCT) and fundus autofluorescence imaging findings in birdshot chorioretinopathy (BSCR) and their association with visual acuity (VA). Methods: In a retrospective, cross-sectional study, we evaluated OCT images for changes in retinal structure including cystoid macular edema (CME), epiretinal membrane, and outer retinal lesions. We assessed autofluorescence images for hypoautofluorescent and hyperautofluorescent changes and noted the distribution of the lesions. Demographic data and VA at the time of imaging were also collected. Associations between OCT and autofluorescence findings and logarithm of the minimum angle of resolution VA were tested using linear regression. Results: We conducted a chart review of 80 eyes from 40 patients with BSCR. Outer retinal lesions were found on OCT in 28 of 80 eyes (35%) and disruption of the outer segment ellipsoid zone (EZ) occurred in 23 eyes (28.7%). Macular hypoautofluorescent lesions were more common than hyperautofluorescent lesions, present in 58.8% and 13% of eyes, respectively. The presence of outer retinal lesions on OCT was significantly associated with reduced VA ( P = .006) as was EZ disruption ( P = .003). These associations remained significant after accounting for the presence of macular edema. There was a trend toward association of macular hypoautofluorescent lesions with decreased vision, although it was not statistically significant ( P = .17). Conclusions: The association of outer retinal lesions with decreased VA suggests a mechanism of central vision loss that is distinct from CME and may provide an additional objective finding to monitor disease activity in BSCR patients.
Optical Coherence Tomography Angiography Detects Choriocapillaris Loss in Decalcification of Choroidal Osteoma
Authors: Hoshiyama Ken , Nakao Shintaro , Shiose Satomi , Yoshikawa Hiroshi , Kano Kumiko , Kaizu Yoshihiro , Murata Toshinori , Sonoda Koh-Hei 
Published: July 2019

Purpose: Choroidal osteoma, which typically affects young women, is a benign intraocular tumor composed of mature bone within the choroid. Tumor decalcification and subfoveal choroidal neovascularization often lead to poor visual acuity although the etiology is unknown. Choriocapillaris characteristics in choroidal osteoma also are unknown. Methods: We report 4 cases of choroidal osteoma with decalcification in which the choriocapillaris could be imaged by optical coherence tomography angiography (OCTA). Results: OCTA showed that the choriocapillaris structure was maintained in the calcified portion, whereas a loss occurred in parts of the decalcified portion in all cases. Conclusions: OCTA may be useful for understanding the pathological states of choroidal osteoma.
Pigments and binding media of polychrome relics from the central hall of Longju temple in Sichuan, China
Authors: Chen Erxin , Zhang Bingjian , Zhao Fan , Wang Chong 
Published: July 2019

Abstract
Longju temple, located in Guanghan County, Sichuan province of China, is a Buddhist temple with great cultural significance. It has preserved polychrome relics since 1466 of the Ming dynasty. The deterioration of these ancient colored paintings is posing an extremely serious issue, it is exceptionally critical to propose an appropriate protection plan. In this paper, pigments and binding media were analyzed from ten polychrome samples collected from the central hall of Longju temple. A series of analysis methods were adopted, including the Raman spectrum, scanning electron microscopy–energy disperse spectrometer (EDS–SEM), and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). Results demonstrate the existence of atacamite, azurite, carbon black, cinnabar, and gold in the color layer of the samples. Egg white, animal glue, and casein were found to be used as binders in the colored paintings. This study not only offered essential data for the follow-up protection and repair projects but also provided a reference to further explore the polychrome relics of other Buddhist temples in the Ming dynasty of China.
Metastatic colorectal adenocarcinoma in a 76-year old male: a pitfall in the diagnosis for unclassified renal cell carcinoma
Authors: Andrade Dafne C. , Faraj Sheila F. , Ribeiro Filho Leopoldo Alves , Mattedi Romulo L. 
Published: July 2019

Abstract
Background
The kidney is the most common site of metastatic disease to the urinary tract. However, tumor characteristics are commonly deceptive, and the diagnosis of metastatic disease to the kidney may be challenging.

Case presentation
A 76- year old male was submitted to a total left nephrectomy with splenectomy due to pyonephrosis. At gross examination, the kidney presented a distorted anatomy, with firm parenchyma and an extensively necrotic lesion occupying the renal pyelo-calix and ureter. The spleen had a white pericapsular lesion measuring 1.2 cm. Histologic sections demonstrated a high grade solid carcinoma with rare areas of tubular differentiation. The tumor was highly infiltrative, with invasion of the renal sinus, perirenal fat and spleen. Considering the tumor location, high grade and infiltrative growth pattern, the diagnostic hypothesis of collecting duct carcinoma and urothelial carcinoma were drawn and investigated. Furthermore, a suspicion of metastatic disease was raised after a thorough investigation of the patient’s chart, which revealed a previous history of colorectal carcinoma 4 years earlier. Immunohistochemical studies demonstrated expression of CK20 and CDX-2 and negativity for CK7, CK5, PAX-8, Vimentin, CD117, GATA3 and p63; therefore, the patient was diagnosed with a poorly differentiated metastatic colorectal adenocarcinoma.

Conclusion
A high degree of suspicion is necessary for the diagnosis of metastatic disease to the kidney, which should ruled out before the final diagnosis of an unclassified renal cell carcinoma. A careful examination of the patient’s history and adequate communication with the attending physician is recommended for the correct diagnosis of these cases.
New insights into extracellular vesicle biogenesis and function
Authors: Latifkar Arash , Hur Yun Ha , Sanchez Julio C. , Cerione Richard A. , Antonyak Marc A. 
Published: July 2019

ABSTRACT
It is becoming increasingly evident that most cell types are capable of forming and releasing multiple distinct classes of membrane-enclosed packages, referred to as extracellular vesicles (EVs), as a form of intercellular communication. Microvesicles (MVs) represent one of the major classes of EVs and are formed by the outward budding of the plasma membrane. The second major class of EVs, exosomes, are produced as components of multivesicular bodies (MVBs) and are released from cells when MVBs fuse with the cell surface. Both MVs and exosomes have been shown to contain proteins, RNA transcripts, microRNAs and even DNA that can be transferred to other cells and thereby trigger a broad range of cellular activities and biological responses. However, EV biogenesis is also frequently de-regulated in different pathologies, especially cancer, where MVs and exosomes have been suggested to promote tumor cell growth, therapy resistance, invasion and even metastasis. In this Review, we highlight some of the recent advances in this rapidly emerging and exciting field of cell biology, focusing on the underlying mechanisms that drive MV and exosome formation and release, with a particular emphasis on how EVs potentially impact different aspects of cancer progression and stem cell biology.
Rho kinase-dependent apical constriction counteracts M-phase apical expansion to enable mouse neural tube closure
Authors: Butler Max B. , Short Nina E. , Maniou Eirini , Alexandre Paula , Greene Nicholas D. E. , Copp Andrew J. , Galea Gabriel L. 
Published: July 2019

ABSTRACT
Cellular generation of mechanical forces required to close the presumptive spinal neural tube, the ‘posterior neuropore’ (PNP), involves interkinetic nuclear migration (INM) and apical constriction. Both processes change the apical surface area of neuroepithelial cells, but how they are biomechanically integrated is unknown. Rho kinase (Rock; herein referring to both ROCK1 and ROCK2) inhibition in mouse whole embryo culture progressively widens the PNP. PNP widening is not caused by increased mechanical tension opposing closure, as evidenced by diminished recoil following laser ablation. Rather, Rock inhibition diminishes neuroepithelial apical constriction, producing increased apical areas in neuroepithelial cells despite diminished tension. Neuroepithelial apices are also dynamically related to INM progression, with the smallest dimensions achieved in cells positive for the pan-M phase marker Rb phosphorylated at S780 (pRB-S780). A brief (2 h) Rock inhibition selectively increases the apical area of pRB-S780-positive cells, but not pre-anaphase cells positive for phosphorylated histone 3 (pHH3+). Longer inhibition (8 h, more than one cell cycle) increases apical areas in pHH3+ cells, suggesting cell cycle-dependent accumulation of cells with larger apical surfaces during PNP widening. Consequently, arresting cell cycle progression with hydroxyurea prevents PNP widening following Rock inhibition. Thus, Rock-dependent apical constriction compensates for the PNP-widening effects of INM to enable progression of closure.
This article has an associated First Person interview with the first authors of the paper.
Lower Trapezius Weakness and Shoulder Complex Biomechanics during the Tennis Serve
Authors: GILLET BENOIT , ROGOWSKI ISABELLE , MONGA-DUBREUIL ELODIE , BEGON MICKAËL 
Published: July 2019

ABSTRACTPurposeThis study aimed to assess the effect of lower trapezius (LT) weakness on humeral and scapular kinematics and shoulder muscle activity during the tennis serve.MethodsFifteen competitive male tennis players (age, 23.8 ± 3.4 yr; height, 182.8 ± 6.7 cm; mass: 76.6 ± 8.7 kg; tennis experience: 15.6 ± 4.9 yr) performed two tennis serves before and after selective fatigue of the LT (25-min electric muscle stimulation). During each tennis serve, racket, humeral and scapular kinematics and the activity of 13 shoulder muscles were recorded using an optoelectronic system synchronized with indwelling and surface electromyography. The serve was split into five phases, that is, early and late cocking, acceleration, early and late follow-through.ResultsSelective fatigue led to a 22.5% ± 10.4% strength decrease but did not alter maximum racket speed and humerothoracic joint kinematics. However, increased scapular upward rotation was observed in the acceleration (P= 0.02) and early follow-through (P= 0.01) phases. Decreased muscular activity was observed during the early cocking phase for the LT (P= 0.01), during the acceleration phase for the LT (P= 0.01), anterior deltoid (P= 0.03), pectoralis major (P= 0.04), and subscapularis (P= 0.03), and during the early follow-through phase for the anterior deltoid (P= 0.03) and LT (P= 0.04).ConclusionsThe LT weakness altered neither serve velocity nor humerothoracic joint kinematics, but impaired scapulothoracic kinematics and anterior shoulder muscle activation. Such alterations may reduce the subacromial space and jeopardize humeral head stability. These findings shed new light on the consequences of LT weakness, highlighting the importance of monitoring and strengthening this muscle in overhead athletes.
Midwives' evaluation of their role in crowdsourcing activities to improve the maternity experience: part 2
Authors: Frewin Sam , Church Sarah 
Published: July 2019

Background Although all members of staff can be involved in improving the quality of maternity services, midwives can identify areas in need of improvement through their relationships with women and their families, and can influence care through activities such as crowdsourcing. Aims A service evaluation was undertaken to explore how midwives who attended the workshop viewed their involvement in crowdsourcing, and to examine whether midwives who attended the workshop considered themselves as agents of change for quality improvement in maternity care. Methods A generic qualitative approach was selected. Data were collected using face-to-face, semi-structured interviews with six midwives who attended the workshop. Findings Four key themes emerged from analysing the data: improving communication, experiencing different perspectives, shared learning, and positivity. Conclusions Involving stakeholders as a ‘crowd’ to find solutions to problems in care is successful and highly rewarding. Midwife participants took pride in sharing their ideas for improvement.
Better together: a day hospital's move towards integrated care
Authors: Board Michele , Pigott Lisa , Olive Heather , Heaslip Vanessa 
Published: July 2019

Background/Aims This article will present how an interdisciplinary team working within a day hospital in an acute NHS Foundation Trust embraced the opportunities of practice development to work ‘better together’ to meet the complex needs of individuals using the service. Methods By working closely with key stakeholders, the team developed an integrated service intersecting both primary and secondary care boundaries. Results The principles of practice development, including shared vision and focus, ensured changes made to the service were patient centred. These changes included a 360-degree assessment by professional staff with extended skills beyond their own professional role, and a virtual ward round, where individual patients are reviewed by an interdisciplinary team in the community with a focus on avoiding hospital admission, with quicker access to the day hospital. The team worked closely with their local university towards achieving practice development unit status, demonstrating a rigorous approach to the development of services provided by the day hospital. Conclusions The article highlights both the value of practice development and significantly the value of an interdisciplinary team working within a day hospital setting.
Rhythmic Auditory Stimulation In Gait Rehabilitation For Children And Youth Following Acquired Brain Injury
Authors: Kelly Gemma , Pool Jonathan 
Published: July 2019

Background/Aims Relearning to walk is an important goal for many children and young people after acquired brain injury. Rhythmic auditory stimulation uses rhythm to support gait retraining. Its efficacy has been shown for adults with acquired brain injury and children and young people with cerebral palsy. No studies exist for children and young people with acquired brain injury. The aim of this pilot study was to investigate whether the addition of rhythmic auditory stimulation to standard physiotherapy improves children and young people's gait speed and quality after severe acquired brain injury. Methods Four children and young people (aged 10–13 years) with severe acquired brain injury accessing residential rehabilitation were recruited to a multiple baseline single case experimental design study, AB design. During baseline (A) phase children and young people accessed standard rehabilitation (10 physiotherapy sessions per week). In the intervention (B) phase, 2 out of the 10 standard physiotherapy sessions were replaced with rhythmic auditory stimulation. Length of baseline was randomised and intervention phases were 4 weeks. The 10 m walk test and Edinburgh Visual Gait Scale were completed pre and post sessions biweekly. Data analysis including visual analysis of level, slope and trend of the data will be presented with the results of a test of statistical significance. Results Data collection will finish in December 2018. Early results indicate that the quality of walking improved more during the intervention phase than the baseline phase for at least one of the participants, and rhythmic auditory stimulation was equal to normal physiotherapy in the other participants. Statistical testing is required. Conclusions Early results indicate that rhythmic auditory stimulation is at least as effective as normal physio in improving the walking quality of children and young people with acquired brain injury, but this needs to be confirmed. Recommendations for clinical practice and future studies can be made based on the findings and experience of this study.
The Effect Of A Five-Week Hippotherapy Programme On Gait In A Child With Angelman's Syndrome. A Case Study Using The Wee Glasgow Gait Index (Weeggi)
Authors: Tucker Rachael 
Published: July 2019

Background/Aims Hippotherapy is a treatment modality performed by a qualified physical, occupational or speech therapist, using equine movement to gain therapeutic outcome; hippotherapy has been shown to improve gross motor development, tone, spasticity, balance, coordination, range of movement and muscle length. Angelman Syndrome is a rare genetic condition that causes ataxia, poor coordination and balance, reduced mobility, high tone and learning difficulties. Research into hippotherapy in Angelman Syndrome is sparse; therefore, this case study aimed to investigate the effect of a 5-week hippotherapy intervention on gait in a child with Angelman Syndrome, using the Wee Glasgow Gait Index (WeeGGI) Measure. Methods One participant was recruited to the case study using convenience sampling. The equine was selected based on their conformation, temperament and suitability for hippotherapy. A 5-week programme of hippotherapy was delivered using one equine, one therapist, a leader and two side walkers. Each session ranged between 30 and 40 minutes. A full physiotherapy assessment and the WeeGGI outcome measure were completed at pre and post-intervention. Results On the WeeGGI measure, a reduction of five points was achieved on the left leg and a reduction of two points was achieved for the right leg. Furthermore, an improvement in range of movement and muscle length was observed into left hip abduction, bilateral hamstrings and bilateral gastrocnemius and soleus. In addition to these results, the child was noted to have improved balance reactions, concentration, core strength and acceptance of base of support towards the end of the intervention period. Conclusions This 5-week hippotherapy programme demonstrated improvement in gait pattern, range of movement and muscle length in a child with Angelman Syndrome. Additionally, the child was noted to improve in non-gait specific domains, such as balance and independent adjustment of position while mounted. These findings add to the evidence base for the use of hippotherapy in rarer genetic conditions and suggest that hippotherapy is an effective and feasible treatment modality for this population. However, this was a small sample size and therefore it would be beneficial for further research to be carried out on a larger scale in order to generalise these findings to the wider population.
CHANGES IN THE CHEMICAL COMPOSITION OF CRANBERRY BERRIES LARGE-FRUITED DURING STORAGE
Authors: Gorbunov Aleksey Borisovich , Kukushkina Tat'yana Abdulkhailovna 
Published: July 2019

Large cranberry is a valuable food and medicinal plant. The early cultivar «Bergman» and mid-season cultivars «Ben Lear» and «Pilgrim», the most promising for southern West Siberia, ripen rather late – in the second-third decades of September.
The aim of the work was study of the chemical composition of large cranberry berries and its dynamics during long storage. In this regard, biochemical study of dry substance, ascorbic acid, sugars, acids, anthocyans, catechins, pectins and protopectins of berries promising cultivars was conducted.
The chemical composition was analyzed by conventional methods. It was established that the early cultivar «Bergman» compared to mid-season cultivars «Ben Lear» and «Pilgrim» accumulated more ascorbic acid and anthocyans. In the course of long (5–6 months) storage of fruits in the refrigerator the decrease in the number of sugars, ascorbic acid and pectins (partially) took place in all cultivars, but the content of dry substance, acids, protopectins (1.2–2.9 times) and anthocyans (1.7–5.0 times) increased. Therefore, it is possible to after-ripen unripe cranberry berries. On accumulation of anthocyans and protopectins Siberian samples are close to or exceed Belorussian ones which form a qualitative fruit composition in more favourable conditions.
To receive high-quality by biochemical indices production, it is necessary to grow early large cranberry cultivars in southern West Siberia, to harvest berries in the late second-third decades of September when berries acquire natural color and to store fresh berries in the refrigerator for not more than half a year.