bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Study of role of tablet misoprostol and extra amniotic normal saline in second trimester abortion
Authors: Kothadiya Zinkal P. , Airao Bhavesh B. , Shah Bipin R. 
Published: December 2018

Background: Second-trimester pregnancy termination comprises 10 to 15 percent of the approximately 42 million abortions performed annually worldwide. Second-trimester procedures can be performed either with medication or by mechanical methods (Foleys catheter) or surgically by dilation and evacuation (D and E) or hysterotomy. The objective of the present study was to evaluate and compare the efficacy and safety of Tablet Misoprostol and extra amniotic infusion of normal saline with balloon catheter in second trimester abortion, to find out the maternal outcome, to compare the induction- to delivery interval between tablet misoprostol and extra amniotic infusion of normal saline with balloon catheter and to compare the cost of induction between tablet misoprostol and extra amniotic infusion of normal saline with balloon catheter.Methods: This randomized controlled study was carried out in the Obstetrics and Gynecology. Department of C.U. Shah Medical College, Surendranagar, from 23th August 2017 to 20th August 2018.Results: Amongst the 100 participants, 50 induction is done with tab. Misoprostol and 50 induction done with EASIBC. Success rate is higher in tab. Misoprost which is 90.20% and in EASIBC is 75.51%. There were longer induction abortion interval in EASIBC: Need for curettage among Misoprostol is 5 and EASIBC is 9. Major complication like PPH occurred in two cases in induction with tab. Misoprostol, which is managed by further intervention and no death occurred. No major complication occurred in induction with EASIBC.Conclusions: Excluding the side effects and complications, which are manageable induction with tab. Misoprostol is better than EASIBC in terms of induction abortion interval, effectiveness, acceptability.
Neonatal and maternal outcome in term primigravida with isolated oligohydramnios
Authors: Agarwal Shelly , Gupta Samta 
Published: December 2018

Background: The aim of this study is to evaluate the maternal and perinatal outcome in term primigravida with isolated oligohydramnios.Methods: A retrospective, case–control study was carried out in the department of OBG, School of Medical Sciences and Research, Sharda Hospital, Greater Noida from November 2014 to October 2017. The study population comprised of low-risk primigravida with singleton, term pregnancy, with vertex presentation and intact membranes. After meeting the inclusion and exclusion criterion, the study population was divided into cases (n = 51) and control group (176) and the results were analyzed in reference to rate of induction of labour, C. Section rate and the perinatal outcome.Results: Isolated oligohydramnios is associated with increased rate of induction of labour and increased operative interference, but perinatal outcome in terms of mean birth weight, Apgar score at 5 min and NICU admissions for over 24 hours, are not statistically significant in comparison with control group.Conclusions: Isolated oligohydramnios is not an indicator of adverse perinatal outcome.
The study of maternal and perinatal outcome in preeclampsia in tertiary care hospital
Authors: B. Neelima 
Published: December 2018

Background: Preeclampsia accounts for majority of causes for maternal and perinatal morbidity and mortality.Methods: All patients beyond 20 weeks with pre-eclampsia admitted to Gandhi Hospital during two-year study period were enrolled in the study. The objective of this study was to analyze the type and rate of maternal and perinatal complications in preeclampsia. Women with preexisting renal disease, chronic hypertension, anemia, heart disease, epilepsy, thrombophilias, hemolytic disease, preexisting liver disease were excluded from the study. Obstetrics management was done as per existing protocol in the department. Magnesium sulphate was the drug of choice to control convulsions. Blood pressure was controlled by either tablet alpha methyl dopa or nifedipine or both.Results: Preeclampsia cases accounted for 460 (4.9%) of total deliveries. Majority (86.52%) were unbooked cases between 20 -25 years of age (63.48%) and were primigravida (60.44%) belonging to low socioeconomic status (73.91%). Commonest maternal complication in present study was eclampsia (34.56%) Total maternal deaths accounted for 14. Most common cause for maternal mortality was eclampsia with HELLP (9,64.28%). Total perinatal deaths accounted for164 and most common cause for perinatal death was prematurity (47,28.65%).Conclusions: Preeclampsia is major leading cause for poor maternal and fetal outcome. Regular antenatal checkup , early diagnosis , early interventions , early referral to tertiary centers, optimum timing and mode of delivery and awareness among patients will reduce both maternal and perinatal morbidity and mortality.
Does gum chewing affect the timing of return of intestinal motility after elective cesarean section?
Authors: Darwish Atef M. , Farghly Tarek A. , Gad Beshoy T. , Abbas Ahmed M. 
Published: December 2018

Background: The aim is to evaluate the effect of gum chewing on the return of intestinal motility after elective CS.Methods: Study period was from September 2017 to March 2018 at the Assiut Women Health University Hospital. The study was registered as a prospective cohort study (Clinicaltrial.gov NCT03355378). Women planned for elective CS according to selection criteria randomized to two groups: Group 1: included 100 patients who received intraoperative and postoperative non-sugary gum chewing as 15 minutes every 2 hours post-operatively for 6 hours with regular care and Group 2: included 100 patients who received regular care without gum chewing.Results: No statistically significant difference regarding the baseline criteria of both groups. There was a statistically significant lower systolic and diastolic blood pressure in gum chewing group. Hospital stay of gum chewing group was 7.33±0.73 hours versus in non-gum chewing group 20.28 ± 9.92 (p=0.000). Passage of flatus of gum chewing group was 8.54±0.98 hours versus in non-gum chewing group 13.22 ± 3.75 (P= 0.000).Conclusions: Gum chewing during elective CS improves gut motility in a safe way resulting in early passage of flatus, less hospital stay, and minimal pain score less cost on hospitals.
Dietary diversity and associated factors among lactating mothers in Debre Tabor General Hospital, Northcentral Ethiopia
Authors: Engidaw Melaku Tadege , Gebremariam Alemayehu Digssie , Tiruneh Sofonyas Abebaw , Asnakew Desalegn Tesfa , Abate Bedilu Abebe 
Published: December 2018

<p class="abstract"><strong>Background:</strong> Dietary diversity score indicates that the intake of general nutritional adequacy. Low dietary diversity is a major problem among poor populations in the developing world due to consumption of monotonous staple diet consumption. Therefore, it has various consequences on the health and wellbeing of the family, communities, and nation at large. Overall, there are limited studies on this major issue and its contributing factors among lactating mothers.</p><p class="abstract"><strong>Methods:</strong> Institution based cross-sectional study was employed among 419 participants who were selected by using a systematic sampling method. The data were collected using a pretested structured questionnaire. The collected data were checked for completeness, cleaned, coded and entered into EPI info version 7 and exported into SPSS version 20.0 software for further analysis. The degree of association between dependent and independent variables were assessed by using odds ratio with a 95% of confidence interval and variables with p≤0.05 were considered significant after fitting into logistic regression. </p><p class="abstract"><strong>Results:</strong> The average dietary diversity score±SD was 4.94±0.76. The magnitude of low dietary diversity score was 25% (95% CI: 22.1, 30.4). Women’s, being government employer and having meal 2 times per day were the factors associated with low dietary diversity score among lactating mothers.</p><p class="abstract"><strong>Conclusions:</strong> One-fourth of the lactating women were had poor dietary diversity and age of the women, meal frequency, and respondent occupation were the determinant factors. So, appropriate counseling during maternal care are very important to halt this problem.</p>
A retrospective analysis with quality of life assessment of nasal surgery for nasal obstruction
Authors: Karakus Mehmet Fatih , Karakurt Suleyman Emre , Colak Mustafa 
Published: December 2018

<p class="abstract"><strong>Background:</strong> Nasal obstruction is a common health problem that disrupts a person’s quality of life (QoL). The Nasal Obstruction Symptom Evaluation scale (NOSE) is a QoL scale with questions specific to nasal obstruction symptoms. This study aimed to evaluate surgical success in patients who underwent nasal septal deviation surgery by using a NOSE assessment, thus determining the importance and efficacy of surgery in this group of patients.</p><p class="abstract"><strong>Methods:</strong> This study was conducted in between January 2016 and June 2017, including a total of 60 patients. The age range of the patients was 18–57 (mean, 34.4±9.9 years). The preoperative and postoperative scoring and surgeries were performed by the same investigator. The surgeries were septoplasty and radiofrequency applied to the inferior concha to overcome conchal hypertrophy. Preoperative mean scores were compared with postoperative second-month values. The importance of difference was evaluated with the Wilcoxon signed-rank test. </p><p class="abstract"><strong>Results:</strong> Preoperative minimum, maximum and mean scores were 65.0, 100.0 and 83.4 (83.41±8.15), respectively. Postoperative minimum, maximum and mean scores were 10.0, 35.0 and 21.6 (21.66±8.06), respectively. The difference in mean scores was significant (Z=−6.778; p&lt;0.001).</p><p class="abstract"><strong>Conclusions:</strong> The difficulty in evaluating patient satisfaction and postoperative success stems from differences in each surgeon’s approach and the comparison of preoperative and postoperative findings. This study, which was carried out by the same researcher for all steps, differs it from similar studies.</p>
A study of microbial gamut and antibiograms in chronic suppurative otitis media
Authors: Hussain Raj Tajamul , Altaf Sanam , Makhdoomi Owais , Ali Mariya 
Published: December 2018

<p class="abstract"><strong>Background:</strong> The aim of the study was to discern the patterns in microbial diversity and the resistogram among the patients suffering from CSOM.</p><p class="abstract"><strong>Methods:</strong> A total number of 100 ear swabs were investigated for the present study. Their gram staining, direct microscopy with KOH, culture sensitivity, and biochemical tests were carried out to identify the organisms and to know their sensitivity pattern. All the swabs were collected from clinically diagnosed cases of chronic suppurative otitis media visiting otolaryngology outpatient department of tertiary care hospital. The study period was one year, from January 2016 to December 2017. </p><p class="abstract"><strong>Results:</strong> Out of total 100 cases, 90 were culture<strong> </strong>positives, 6 showed no growth and 4 were<strong> </strong>skin contaminants (mirococci). Out of 90 culture positives, fungal culture was positive in 5 (5.5%) while combined bacteria and fungi obtained in 18 (20%) cases and only bacteria in 67 (74.4%) cases. Among the aerobic bacterial isolates, Pseudomonas aeruginosa was the most common bacteria isolated from the bacterial culture (n=36; 34.95%) followed by <em>Staphylococcus aureus </em>(n=28; 27.18%) and <em>Proteus</em> (n=13; 12.62%). Among the fungal isolates,<strong> </strong><em>Aspergillus niger </em>was predominant followed<strong> </strong>by Candida <em>albicans </em>&amp; <em>Aspergillus flavus.</em> Amikacin and imipenem were found to be the most effective antibiotics with low resistance rates.</p><p><strong>Conclusions:</strong> The present study gave an insight into the bacteriological profile of the cases of CSOM and their antibiotic sensitivity patterns. This in turn will ensure rational and judicious use of antibiotics and thus prevent emergence of resistant bugs and also the complications associated with CSOM.</p>
A review of pharyngeal mucosal closure technique in total laryngectomy
Authors: Govindasamy Gopu , Shanmugam Subbiah , Murugan Arul 
Published: December 2018

<p class="abstract"><strong>Background:</strong> The purpose of this retrospective analysis was to review our single institute based experience with the pharyngocutaneous fistula following total laryngectomy and to determine the impact of pharyngeal closure technique in the development of PCF in our patients.</p><p class="abstract"><strong>Methods:</strong> The medical records of the patients, who underwent total laryngectomy for squamous cell carcinoma of the larynx and hypopharynx in Government Royapettah Hospital, center for oncology between January 2010 and December 2017, were retrospectively reviewed. </p><p class="abstract"><strong>Results:</strong> 26 patients were included in the study of which 25 were male and 1 was female. Mean age of the patients were 58 years. Horizontal closure was done in 9 patients (35%) and T closure was done in 17 patients (65%). PCF was observed in 1 of 9 patients in horizontal closure. Remaining 17 patients underwent T closure of whom 8 patients developed PCF (p=0.06). Eight out of 18 patients (44%) developed PCF after salvage surgery after radiotherapy failure, Remaining 8 patients underwent primary laryngectomy for advanced stage cancers with cartilage involvement, of whom 1 patient developed PCF (12.5%) (p=0.11). In salvage laryngectomy (n=18), 1 of 6 cases developed PCF in horizontal closure and 7 of 12 cases in T closure technique (p=0.09).</p><p class="abstract"><strong>Conclusions:</strong> The incidence of fistula in our study was 34%. Horizontal closure was associated with decreased incidence of PCF when compared to ‘T’ closure of the defect. Prior radiotherapy had increased incidence of PCF.</p>
Verrucous carcinoma of the glottis and subglottis: a rare case report
Authors: Tiwari Markandeya , Gonzaga Fernandes Vinson Louis , Gouveia Pinto Nina Margarida De , Sukhthankar Isha Rajendra 
Published: December 2018

<p class="abstract">Verrucous carcinoma is a rare well differentiated squamous cell carcinoma with minimal metastatic potential. Its occurrence in the glottic and subglottic subsets of the larynx is another very rare entity. We highlight a case of an elderly male who was histopathologically diagnosed as verrucous carcinoma of the glottic and subglottic larynx. We shall discuss the clinical presentation, diagnosis, management, prognosis and postoperative follow up of the patient.</p><p class="abstract"> </p>
Unilateral percutaneous vertebroplasty for symptomatic osteoporotic vertebral compression fractures -evaluation of radiological and clinical outcomes
Authors: Pooswamy Shanmuga Sundaram , Muralidharagopalan Niranjanan Raghavn 
Published: December 2018

<p class="abstract"><strong>Background:</strong> Vertebral fractures are the most common type of osteoporotic fractures. These are developing into a significant health problem worldwide as about 30% of the patients above 50 years suffer from a fracture secondary to osteoporosis. Osteoporotic vertebral fractures may be treated with rest and analgesics. Some fractures may also require surgery. Percutaneous procedure like vertebroplasty and kyphoplasty done under local anaesthesia can reduce the pain and restore height of vertebral body without need for an open surgery. The aim of the study was to assess the clinical and radiological outcomes following unilateral percutaneous vertebroplasty under local anaesthesia.</p><p class="abstract"><strong>Methods:</strong> 21 patients who underwent unilateral vertebroplasty for symptomatic osteoporotic compression fracture between 2012 and 2015 were included in the study. Unilateral vertebroplasty using an 11-gauge trocar through transpedicular technique was performed under c-arm guidance. Patient was mobilized as soon as tolerated. Oswestry disability index and visual analogue scale were assessed pre-operatively, in the immediate post-op and at 1-year follow up.<strong></strong></p><p class="abstract"><strong>Results:</strong> There were 15 females and 6 males. The mean age was 70.04±6.07 years. The pre-op ODI score was 76.8±7.6. The pre-op VAS score was 7.66±0.71. The average time period from fracture to vertebroplasty is 4.19±3.19 days. The immediate post-operative VAS score was 5.76±0.8 and the ODI score was 62.85±7.17. The VAS at final follow up was 1.23±1.19. ODI at final follow up was 9.04±3.19. There was a showed a significant improvement when preoperative, immediate post-operative ODI and VAS scores and final follow up (p&lt;0.001).</p><p class="abstract"><strong>Conclusions:</strong> In our study unilateral percutaneous vertebroplasty has provided pain relief, early mobilization of the patient with less complication without the requirement of general anaesthesia.</p>
Platelet-rich plasma for the improvement in shoulder function in rotator cuff disorders
Authors: Singh Shashi Kant Kumar , Ojha Ankur 
Published: December 2018

<p class="abstract"><strong>Background:</strong> Among causes of shoulder pain, rotator cuff disorders are very common. The exact pathogenesis of rotator cuff tears is not clearly understood. To improve outcomes, the relatively new technique of injection of PRP is under investigation. Purpose of this study is to clinically evaluate the efficacy of new treatment of PRP injection in shoulder pain due to rotator cuff pathology.</p><p class="abstract"><strong>Methods:</strong> A prospective, observational study, on patients with shoulder pain diagnosed as rotator cuff disorders admitted in Department of Orthopaedics, RIMS, Ranchi during one year time interval (from 10th October 2016 to 09th October 2017) in the age ranging from 41 to 80 years with a mean age of 57.90 years was conducted. 20 Patients were selected for the study. Initial pre-injection score of patient taken on constant shoulder score and noted. Patient underwent intra-articular injection of PRP in shoulder joint through posterior approach under local anaesthesia. Patients were followed up at 1<sup>st</sup> post-injection day, 1 month, 3 months and 6 months after the injection.<strong></strong></p><p class="abstract"><strong>Results:</strong> Results were analysed according to constant shoulder score. In partial tear 5 (41.67%) have excellent, 6 (50%) have good and 1 (8.33%) has fair outcome on 6 months follow up and in full tear all 8 (100%) patients have poor outcome and none of the patients developed any complication.</p><strong>Conclusions:</strong> A<strong> </strong>single injection of PRP resulted in a safe, significant, sustained improvement in pain and functional outcomes for patients with refractory partial rotator cuff tear (RCT). <p> </p>
Disseminated Tuberculosis in a Postpartum Young Women Presenting as Isolated Optic Neuritis
Authors: Sivakumar Priya 
Published: December 2018

Tuberculosis (TB) is the first infectious disease declared by the World Health Organization as a global health mergency. It remains the leading cause of death among infectious diseases causing more deaths worldwide than uman immune deficiency virus (HIV) [1]. The following case report highlights the occult and non specific resentations of the disease which makes it a diagnostic challenge. We report a case of extensively disseminated tuberculosis in an immune competent post partum young woman presenting as isolated optic neuritis. Extra pulmonary tuberculosis is commoner among immune compromised patients. Co-existence of military and intracranial tuberculosis in an immune competent person is extremely rare.
Diagnostic Yield of Skeletal Survey in Pediatric Trauma Patients by Age
Authors: Green Jonathan , Hazeltine Max , Damle Rachelle N , Nazarey Pradeep P. , Hirsh Michael P. , Aidlen Jeremy T. 
Published: December 2018

Introduction: Non-accidental Trauma (NAT) is a major cause of morbidity and mortality in children. Younger children are at greater risk of NAT. In this observational study, we determine if there is an association between a child’s age, frequency of positive of skeletal surveys and the types of injuries discovered in pediatric patients undergoing a trauma work up.
Methods: The study sample consisted of all pediatric trauma patients < 3 years old, who had skeletal surveys performed at a tertiary care center between 2005 and 2015. Patients were divided into two age groups: ?6months old (n=98) and >6months old (n=86). The utilization of a skeletal survey, frequency of confirmed NAT, and injuries were compared between these 2 age groups.
Results: The average age of this population was 8.4 months, 56.0% were boys, and 62.5% were Caucasian. A positive skeletal survey was found in 14.3% of patients ?6months old and 18.6% of patients >6months old (p=0.43). The most common fractures identified were long bone (50.0%), torso (30.4%), and skull (13.0%). Similar frequencies of NAT were observed between those less than and older than 6 months (58.2% vs. 57.0%). Head computed tomography (CT) scans were performed in the majority (95.9%) of patients ?6 months old and in 66.3% of patients >6 months old (p < 0.01).
Conclusion: Skeletal surveys identify additional injuries at comparable rates in pediatric trauma patients regardless of age. Advanced imaging differs in younger and older pediatric trauma patients undergoing skeletal survey.
BIMBINGAN DAN KEWIBAWAAN KYAI DALAM MEMBENTUK SIKAP TAWADHU’ DI PONDOK PESANTREN
Authors: Amal Ahmad Syaiful 
Published: December 2018

Islamic boarding schools (pondok pesantren) as Islamic institutions play important role in character building (morals) for their students (santri), thus it is needed a role model from kyai to guide, encourage and inspire santri for life. The study used a qualitative research by exploring an attitude the so-called tawadhu from ‘santri’ followed by a social constructivism approach. The findings of this study indicated that several factors have influenced the attitude of tawadhu towards santri at the Islamic boarding school as follows: (1) Authority of kyai, this means a charismatic person such as kyai enables easily to respect and obey his authority, (2) Examples given by kyai, a kyai is very influential. He has become a role model for all santri at pondok pesantren, (3) the attitude of santri, as the main focus to be guided and nurtured at pondok pesantren. AbstrakPondok pesantren sebagai lembaga Islam memiliki peranan penting dalam membentuk perilaku baik (akhlak) bagi manusia (santri), oleh sebab itu dalam mewujudkannya perlu peranan seorang kyai untuk membimbing, mengarahkan dan meneladani santri pada hal-hal yang baik. Studi ini menggunakan penelitian kualitatif dengan mengekplorasi sikap tawadhu’ seorang santri, dengan pendekatan konstruktivisme sosial. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukan bahwa beberapa faktor yang mempengaruhi sikap tawadhu’ terhadap santri di Pondok Pesantren yaitu : (1) Kewibawaan Kyai, karena kharismatik seseorang dengan sangat mudah dihormati dan ditaati karena kewibawaannya atau kharismannya, (2) Suri Tauladan Kyai, kyai merupakan sosok yang sangat berpengaruh di suatu pesantren. Beliau menjadi suri tauladan baagi semua santri yang ada di pondok. (3) Sikap Santri, santri merupakan obyek utama dalam dunia pesantren merekalah yang dibimbing dan dibina.