bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Blood-brain Barrier Disruption May Contribute to White Matter Lesions in the Setting of Internal Jugular Venous Stenosis
Authors: Wu Yali , Meng Ran , Rajah Gary B. , Ding Yuchuan , Xu Yaoming , Ji Xunming 
Published: October 2019

Background and Purpose:
Cloudy white matter lesions are associated imaging features
of internal jugular venous stenosis (IJVS). However, the mechanism of the IJVS associated cloudy
white matter lesions is still unclear. This study aims to evaluate blood-brain barrier integrity of the
patients with IJVS.

Materials and Methods:
A total of 45 eligible patients with IJVS confirmed by computed tomography
venography (CTV) and 45 healthy controls were enrolled into this study. The levels of serum
MMP-9 and the markers of tight junctions, including occludin and ZO-1 obtained from IJVS
patients and control group were tested by enzyme-linked immune-sorbent assay and compared.

Results:
Both the levels of serum MMP-9 (0.2ng/ml) and occludin (0.05ng/ml) in IJVS group were
higher than in the control group (0.01ng/ml vs. 0 ng/ml, all p<0.001). While, the levels of serum
ZO-1 showed no statistical significance between the two groups (0.55ng/ml vs 0.735ng/ml,
P=0.34). The levels of serum MMP-9 between the subset with or without white matter lesions in
IJVS group showed a significant difference (0.22 [0.06, 0.43] vs. 0.01 [0.01, 0.06], P =0.019).

Conclusions:
BBB disruption may participate in the formation of IJVS-associated white matter lesions;
the mechanism of BBB disruption may involve MMP-9 and occludin.
Impact of Abuse of Topical Corticosteroids and Counterfeit Cosmetic Products for the Face: Prospective Demographic Study in Basrah City, Iraq
Authors: Jaccob Ausama Ayob , Yaqoub Abdulla Ayob , Rahmani Muataz Abdulla 
Published: October 2019

Background:
Topical corticosteroids are highly effective compounds that are now widely
used in dermatology for the treatment of various autoimmune and inflammatory disorders. Many
corticosteroids are misused for diverse indications such as pigmentation, acne, pruritus, fungal or
bacterial infections, rashes, and numerous other conditions. These products contain various constituents,
most of which have hazards or toxic elements.

Objective:
The aim is to raise awareness among individuals in the city of Basrah, Iraq about the uses
and abuses of applying fake products to the face to inform the consumers about potential harmful
adverse effects.

Methods:
This study was a prospective multi-center clinic questionnaire of a demographic that involved
the outpatient dermatology departments at the Al-Basrah teaching hospital and the
Abu Al-Khaseeb hospital as well as the private clinics of two dermatology specialists in Basrah. A
total of 235 patients with facial dermatoses secondary to the application of topical corticosteroids
and counterfeit products or, a mixed formulation, for cosmetic purposes were recruited.

Results:
Most enrolled patients were female with 10-20 years aged group. The majority applied
these products due to friends or pharmacy encouragement. Motivations for the use of these products
included: skin fairness, lightening, and general cosmetic. Interestingly, acne and erythema were
common whilst, atrophy, dryness, telangiectasia, and hirsutism appear on long- term use only.

Conclusion:
The abuse of counterfeit cosmetic products and topical corticosteroids is in progress
and they have adverse health events. There are many causes behind the abuse but the lack of education,
lack of restriction, profitable for sellers and low prices are the main.
Performance Comparison of AFDS PMSG During Voltage Regulation by Mechanical Field-weakening in Extended-speed-range
Authors: Gupta Shailendra Kumar , Srivastava Rakesh Kumar 
Published: October 2019

Background:
Axial-flux permanent magnet synchronous generators (AFDS PMSG) have
been found suitable in wind energy conversion system and electric vehicle owing to its compactness,
high torque capability at low speed, high torque to inertia ratio, modular geometry, and high
magnet usability index. Such applications require the generator to operate in Extended Speed Range
(ESR). In ESR, voltage regulation is achieved by generator field-weakening. Usually, negative daxis
current is injected in the armature winding of the generator to achieve field-weakening. However,
in the axial-flux machine field-weakening by current injection is not substantial due to the low
inductance of the machine and use of permanent magnets with high coercivity. We have revised all
patents related to field-weakening methods applied to axial-flux permanent magnet generators.

Methods:
Therefore, this paper emphasizes field-weakening using mechanical methods. This paper
compares the performance of AFDS PMSG topologies based on its mechanical-field-weakeningbased
voltage regulation capability. In this paper, generator field-weakening is achieved by angularly
displacing, one of the stators with respect to the other via a mechanical actuator.

Results:
The experimental results show that during voltage regulation of the DS PMSG with perfectsinusoidal
back-emf characteristic, least amount of harmonics is injected in the generated output
power.

Conclusion:
Thus, the same is best suited to design an automotive generator based on MFW method
for wind energy conversion system and electric vehicle running in ESR.
BERSIH DESA “KEBOAN” KOMUNITAS USING DESA ALIYAN KECAMATAN ROGOJAMPI KABUPATEN BANYUWANGI
Authors: Oktavia Dwi Ayu 
Published: October 2019

Desa Aliyan merupakan salah satu desa tempat basis berkonsentrasinya Suku Using yang ada di Banyuwangi yang masih kental akan adat budaya leluhurnya, yakni salah satu adat budaya leluhur yang tetap dilestarikan adalah Ritul Keboan. Ritual Keboan merupakan budaya bersih desa yang diselenggarakan setahun sekali, khususnya pada Suku Using. Pelaksanaan ritual ini diadakan berkaitan dengan pertanian yang digelar oleh masyarakat Suku Using di Desa Aliyan pada Bulan Sura. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk menganalisis ritual adat kebo-keboan sebagai budaya luhur masyarakat Suku Using kabupaten Banyuwangi. Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah metode penelitian sejarah dengan tahapan: (1) pemilihan topik, (2) pengumpulan sumber, (3) kritik sumber, (4) interpretasi, (5) penulisan sejarah. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan Ritual Adat Keboan merupakan salah satu budaya leluhur Suku Using yang masih dilestarikan oleh generasi Using yang berada di Desa Aliyan, Kecamatan Rogojampi, Kabupaten Banyuwangi.
QUANTITATIVE ANALYSIS OF PAMABROM AND IBUPROFEN IN SYNTHETIC MIXTURE USING 1ST ORDER DERIVATIVE SPECTROSCOPY
Authors: PATEL PINAK , VASANI PRIYANKA , MEHTA BINNY , DETHOLIA KRUNAL 
Published: October 2019

Objective: The preliminary goal was to develop and validate 1st order derivative spectroscopic method for quantitative analysis of Pamabrom (PAMA) which is a xanthine diuretic and ibuprofen (IBU) which is a non-steroidal anti-inflammatory agent from its synthetic mixture.
Methods: Analytical method was developed on Shimadzu double beam spectrophotometer equipped with UV probe 2.42 as software using methanol as solvent. Quantification of PAMA was carried out at zero cross over point of IBU that is 291 nm and for IBU, it was achieved at 278 nm which is zero cross over point of PAMA. Method was validated according to ICH Q2 R1 guidelines.
Results: Method showed a linear response in the range of 2-12 µg/ml of PAMA and 20-120 µg/ml of IBU. Method was found to be accurate with recovery between 99.7–100.9 % for PAMA and 100.3–100.7 % for IBU. The method was found to be accurate and precise for quantitative analysis of PAMA and IBU.
Conclusion: The developed method was successfully validated as per ICH Q2 R1 guidelines and was successfully applied for quantitative analysis of a synthetic mixture of PAMA and IBU.
NANO-SPONGE NOVEL DRUG DELIVERY SYSTEM AS CARRIER OF ANTI-HYPERTENSIVE DRUG
Authors: EL-ASSAL MONA IBRAHIM 
Published: October 2019

Objective: The study was designed to prepare Nano-sponge formulation loaded with nifedipine. Studying parameters which affecting the formulas in addition to pharmacokinetics and toxicity tests.
Methods: Nine Nano-sponge formulations were prepared by the solvent evaporation technique. Different ratios of polymer ethylcellulose, CO-polymers β-cyclodextrin and hydroxypropyl β-cyclodextrin in addition to solubilizing agent polyvinyl alcohol were used. Thermal analysis, X-ray powder diffraction (XRPD), shape and surface morphology, particle size, %production yield, %porosity, % swelling, and % drug entrapment efficiency of Nano-sponge were examined. Release kinetic also studied beside comparison of pharmacokinetic parameters of the optimum choice formula and marketed one in addition to Toxicological consideration.
Results: Particle size in the range of 119.1 nm to 529 nm which were increased due to the increase in the concentration of polymer to the drug. Nano-sponge revealed porous, spherical nature. Increased in the drug/polymer molar ratios (1:1 to 1:3) may increase their % production yield ranged from 62.1% to 92.4%. The drug content of different formulations was in the range of 77.9% to 94.7%, and entrapment efficiency was in the range of 82.72 % to 96.63%. Drug released in controlled sustained pattern and followed Higuchi, s diffusion mechanism. Pharmacokinetic parameters of optimized formula showed significant higher maximum plasma drug concentration, area under plasma concentration-time curve, volume of distribution and mean residence time. Nano-sponge loaded drug proved biological safety at low concentrations.
Conclusion: Nano-sponge drug delivery system has showed small Nano size, porous with controlled drug release and significant-high plasma drug concentration that improved solubility, drug bioavailability and proved safety.
Actividad antimicótica de nanopartículas
Authors: Castrillón Rivera Laura E. , Palma Ramos Alejandro 
Published: October 2019

RESUMEN: La terapia antifúngica tiene como principal desventaja que existen pocas moléculas que carecen de acción citotóxica hacia las células de mamífero, ya que comparten muchas características funcionales porque también son células eucarióticas. Por otra parte, debido a la naturaleza química de muchas de estas moléculas que son poco solubles en agua, este hecho puede afectar su biodisponibilidad. Lo anterior limita su acción terapéutica y exige el diseño de formas farmacéuticas efectivas. Por esta razón, el desarrollo de nuevas tecnologías y síntesis de nanomateriales surge como una posible alternativa para el tratamiento de las infecciones por hongos. En este trabajo de revisión se presentan los desarrollos nanotecnológicos con miras a la obtención de formas farmacéuticas eficientes y seguras de los antimicóticos como son los liposomas, nanopartículas de plata, nanopartículas lipídicas sólidas, nanopartículas poliméricas y microtúbulos lipídicos.
PENGEMBANGAN LEMBAR KERJA SISWA KIMIA SMA DENGAN MODEL PEMBELAJARAN KOOPERATIF TIPE THINK PAIR SHARE PADA TOPIK ASAM BASA
Authors: Abidah Firry , Tika I Nyoman , Selamat I Nyoman 
Published: October 2019

ABSTRAK Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengembangkan dan mendeskripsikan lembar kerja siswa (LKS) berbasis model pembelajaran kooperatif tipe Think Pair Share pada topik asam basa sehingga dihasilkan LKS yang valid. Jenis penelitian ini adalah Research and Development (R&D) menurut Borg and Gall. Penelitian ini dibatasi sampai empat tahap, yaitu 1) penelitian dan pengumpulan informasi, 2) perencanaan, 3) pengembangan rancangan produk, 4) uji coba terbatas. Penelitian ini menghasilkan LKS yang menggunakan model pembelajaran kooperatif tipe Think Pair Share. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa LKS dengan model pembelajaran kooperatif tipe Think Pair Share layak digunakan untuk pembelajaran kimia topik asam basa. Hal tersebut ditunjukkan oleh: 1) karakteristik LKS dengan model pembelajaran kooperatif tipe Think Pair Share dapat membuat siswa berpikir, menjawab dan berbagi jawaban untuk meningkatkan pola interaksi siswa, 2) Tahap validasi menghasilkan data hasil validasi LKS dengan model pembelajaran kooperatif tipe Think Pair Share pada topik asam basa dari validator ahli dan praktisi dengan nilai rata-rata 3,6 yang menunjukkan kriteria sangat valid, 3) hasil uji keterbacaan yang dilakukan oleh 10 orang siswa terhadap produk LKS dengan model pembelajaran kooperatif tipe Think Pair Share topik asam basa, menunjukkan kriteria sangat baik dengan nilai rata-rata 33% baik (B) dab 67% sangat baik (SB). Kata-kata kunci: asam basa, Think Pair Share, penelitian dan pengembangan Abstrack This study aims to develop and describe student worksheets (LKS) based on cooperative learning model type Think Pair Share on acid base topics which a valid worksheet is produced. This type of research using Research and Development (R & D) according to Borg and Gall. This research is limited to four stages, namely 1) research and information gathering, 2) planning, 3) product design development, 4) limited trials. This study produced LKS using the cooperative pair type Think Pair Share model. The results of the study showed that worksheets with the Think Pair Share cooperative learning model are appropriate to be used in studying chemistryon topic acid base. This is indicated by: (1) the characteristics of LKS with cooperative learning models of the Think Pair Share type can make students think, answer and share answers to improve student interaction patterns, (2) the result of validation student worksheet with Think Pair Share cooperative learning models on acid base topics in terms of professional and practitioner with average rating 3.6 showed that gotten very valid, (3) the results of readability tests conducted by 10 students on LKS products with cooperative learning models of Think Pair Share acid base topics, show criteria very good with value on average 33% good (B) and 67% very good (SB). Keywords: acid base, Think Pair Share, research and development
ANALISIS MODEL MENTAL SISWA DALAM PENGGUNAAN UNIT KEGIATAN BELAJAR MANDIRI TENTANG HIDROKARBON
Authors: Eky Vicky Enggy Clovidea Indra , Tika Nyoman , Muderawan I Wayan 
Published: October 2019

Abstrak Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian kuantitatif yang bertujuan untuk mendeskripsikan model mental siswa tentang konsep-konsep hidrokarbon setelah dibelajarkan melalui penggunaan UKBM di SMA Negeri Bali Mandara. Penelitian ini dilakukan dengan teknik survei, melibatkan 82 orang siswa. Pengumpulan data dilakukan dengan pemberian tes model mental dua tingkat (two-tier) dengan menggabungkan pilihan ganda dan tes uraian pada materi kimia kelas XI Kurikulum 2013. Analisis data berupa persentase jawaban siswa yang dikategorikan ke dalam empat tipe model mental yakni model mental ilmiah dan model mental alternatif (benar sebagian, miskonsepsi khusus, dan tidak ada tanggapan). Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan, bahwa model mental siswa tentang konsep-konsep hidrokarbon setelah dibelajarkan melalui penggunaan UKBM di SMA Negeri Bali Mandara adalah 7,32% model mental ilmiah dan 92,69% model mental alternatif, yang terdiri atas 39,94% model mental benar sebagian, 35,37% model mental miskonepsi khusus, dan 17,38% tidak ada tanggapan. Hasil data tersebut menunjukkan bahwa sebagian besar siswa mengalami model mental alternatif karena tidak memiliki pemahaman terkait representasi ketiga level kimia dan interkoneksinya tentang materi hidrokarbon. Kata kunci: Analisis, Model Mental Siswa, Senyawa Hidrokarbon, UKBM, SMA Negeri Bali Mandara. Abstract This research was quantitative research that aimed to describe student mental model about hydrocarbon concepts after being learned through the use of UKBM at SMA Bali Mandara. The research used survey technique, which 82 students as subject. The data collected through two-tier mental model test by combining multiple choices and description tests on chemistry matter in class XI Curriculum 2013. Analysis of existing data of students categorized in mental models type namely scientifically correct mental model and alternative mental model (partially correct, specific misconceptions, and no response). The results of this study indicate that the student mental model about the hydrocarbons concepts after learning from the use of UKBM at Bali Mandara High School was 7.32% scientifically correct mental model and 92.69% alternative mental model, consisting of 39.94% partially correct mental model, 35.37% specific misconception mental model, and 17.38% no responses. Data results indicate that most students had experience alternative mental models because they do not have an understanding of the representation of the three chemical and interconnected levels of hydrocarbon matter. Keywords: Analysis, Bali Mandara High School, Hydrocarbon Compound, Student’s Mental Model UKBM
PENGARUH MODEL PEMBELAJARAN KONTEKSTUAL PADA POKOK BAHASAN HIDROKARBON TERHADAP HASIL BELAJAR KIMIA
Authors: Artini Diah , Suardana Nyoman , Wiratini Made 
Published: October 2019

ABSTRAKPenelitian ini bertujuan mendeskripsikan pengaruh model pembelajaran kontekstual pada pokok bahasan hidrokarbon terhadap hasil belajar kimia siswa. Penelitian ini merupakan eksperimen semu dengan rancangan nonequivalent pre-test post-test control group design. Populasi penelitian ini adalah seluruh siswa kelas XI MIPA SMA Negeri 1 Penebel tahun ajaran 2018/2019. Sampel penelitian ini adalah siswa kelas XI MIPA 1 sebagai kelas eksperimendan siswa kelas XI MIPA 2 sebagai kelas kontrol yang dipilih dengan teknik cluster random sampling. Siswa di kelas eksperimen dibelajarkan dengan model pembelajaran kontekstual dan siswa di kelas kontrol dibelajarkan dengan model pembelajaran discovery. Data hasil belajar kimia siswa dikumpulkan dengan cara testing menggunakan tes hasil belajar. Data dianalisis dengan teknik analisis deskriptif dan inferensial. Analisis deskriptif hasil belajar kimia siswa dideskripsikan berupa skor rata-rata pre-test dan post-test siswa. Analisis inferensial hasil belajar kimia siswa menggunakan analisis kovarian (Anakova) dengan taraf signifikansi 0.05 dan uji dilakukan dengan bantuan SPSS 16 for windows. Hasil analisis menunjukkan terdapat pengaruh signifikan model pembelajaran kontekstual terhadap hasil belajar kimia siswa. Skor rata-rata hasil belajar siswa di kelas eksperimen (73.42) lebih tinggi dibandingkan dengan kelas kontrol (64.26). Katakunci: model pembelajaran kontekstual, model pembelajaran discovery, hasil belajar kimiaABSTRACTThis reseach aim to describe the influence of the contextual learning model to chemistry student’s achievement. It is a quasi-experiment reseach with nonequivalent pre-test post-test control group design. The population was the eleventh-grade student’s of SMA Negeri 1 Penebelon academic year 2018/2019. The samples werethe students of XI MIPA 1 class as experimental class and the students of XI MIPA 2 class as control class that selected with cluster random sampling technique. The students in the experimental class learned through the contextual learning model and the ones in the control class learned through the discovery learning model. The data on the chemistry student’s achievement were collected through the test of the achievement test. The data were analyzed through descriptive and inferential analysis. Descriptive analysisof chemistry student’s achievement were described in the form of the mean score of student’s pre-test and post-test. Inferential analysis of chemistry student’s achievement were used covarian analysis (Anacova) with 0.05 significance level and it was performed by the assist of SPSS 16 for windows. The results showed that there were the significant effect of contextual learning model to the chemistry student’s achievement. The mean score of student’s achievement in experimental class (73.42) was higher than control class (64.26). Keywords: contextual learning model, discovery learning model, chemistry student’s achievement
PENGARUH STRATEGI PEMBELAJARAN KIMIA SMA BERBASIS PERCOBAAN AWAL TERHADAP HASIL BELAJAR SISWA PADA MATERI KOLOID
Authors: Widayanti Ni Putu Radi , Subagia I Wayan , Suardana I Nyoman 
Published: October 2019

AbstrakPenelitian ini bertujuan untuk mendeskripsikan dan menjelaskan perbedaan hasil belajar antara siswa yang dibelajarkan dengan strategi pembelajaran kimia SMA berbasis percobaan awal dan strategi pembelajaran ekspositori terhadap hasil belajar siswa pada materi koloid di SMA Negeri 1 Baturiti. Jenis penelitian ini adalah penelitian eksperimen semu dengan menggunakan rancangan nonrandomized control group pretest-postest design. Populasi penelitian ini adalah siswa kelas XI IPA SMA Negeri 1 Baturiti tahun ajaran 2017/2018. Sampel penelitian ini adalah siswa kelas XI IPA 2 dan XI IPA 3. Data yang dikumpulkan berupa data hasil belajar pada aspek kognitif. Metode pengumpulan data yang digunakan adalah metode tes. Data dianalisis menggunakan statistik deskriptif dan inferensial dengan uji Anakova. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa terdapat perbedaan hasil belajar kimia koloid yang signifikan antara siswa yang dibelajarkan dengan antara strategi pembelajaran kimia SMA berbasis percobaan awal dan strategi pembelajaran ekspositori. Adanya perbedaan hasil belajar siswa menunjukkan bahwa pembelajaran menggunakan antara strategi pembelajaran kimia SMA berbasis percobaan awal pada materi koloid berpengaruh positif terhadap hasil belajar siswa di SMA Negeri 1 Baturiti. Kata Kunci: strategi pembelajaran, percobaan awal, hasil belajar, koloid AbstractThis study aimed to describe and explain the difference effect of starter experiment based learning strategy and expository learning strategy on colloidal topik toward students learning achievement in SMA Negeri 1 Baturiti. This study was quasi experiment, using nonrandomized kontrol group pretest-postest design. The population of this study was XI IPA students of SMA Negeri 1 Baturiti in academic year 2017/2018. The sample of this study was XI IPA 2 and XI IPA 3 class students. The data collected was in form of cognitive learning achievement. The method of collecting data was test method. The data obtained were analyzed by using descriptive and inferential statistics. The inferential statistics used was Anacova. The result of this study showed that there was a significant difference of learning achievement possessed by students who were taught by starter experiment based learning strategy compared to the students who were taught by expository learning strategy. The different learning achievement shows that starter experiment based learning strategy has a positve effect on the chemistry learning achievement in SMA Negeri 1 Baturiti. Keyword: starter experiment, learning strategy, chemistry learning achievement, colloid