bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Differentialdiagnostik sonographisch echoarmer Kopf-Halsläsionen
Authors: Mansour Naglaa , Bobenstetter Lukas , Mansour Sonia , Graf Simone , Hofauer Benedikt , Knopf Andreas 
Published: August 2019

Zusammenfassung
Ziel Die Evaluation sonographisch echoarmer Läsionen (SEAL) der Kopf-Hals-Region zur Bestimmung der Entität und Planung der Operation.
Methoden Alle Patienten mit SEAL, die ein B-Bild-Ultraschall (US), eine farbkodierte Duplexsonographie (FKDS), einen kontrastverstärkten US (CEUS) und eine Kompressionselastographie (SE) erhalten haben und histologisch gesichert wurden, wurden eingeschlossen.
Ergebnisse 184 SEAL wurden eingeschlossen. Die Halslevel VIII, II und I waren mit 103, 40 und 21 Läsionen die am häufigsten betroffenen. Die Kohorte beinhaltete 40 Lymphknotenerkrankungen, 101 Speicheldrüsenerkrankungen, 31 zystische Läsionen und 12 andere, seltenere Entitäten. SEAL in Level II waren signifikant größer als in Level I und VIII (p < 0,001). In der FKDS zeigten SEAL in Level VI signifikant weniger bis keine Vaskularisation als in Level VIII (p < 0,01). Es gab keine Unterschiede in den B-Bild-Kriterien, in der SE oder im CEUS zwischen den einzelnen Halsleveln. Patienten mit zystischen Läsionen waren signifikant jünger als die mit Metastasen oder Warthintumoren (p = 0,026; 0,028). Pleomorphe Adenome waren signifikant kleiner als zystische Läsionen (p < 0,0006), Lymphome (p = 0,026), Metastasen (p = 0,0003) oder Warthintumore (p = 0,034). In der FKDS und im CEUS waren zystische Läsionen signifikant weniger bis gar nicht vaskularisiert und perfundiert als Lymphome (p = 0,014) und Warthintumore (p < 0,0001), während pleomorphe Adenome in der SE signifikant härter waren als zystische Läsionen (p = 0,0006).
Schlussfolgerung Die Bestimmung der Entität SEAL bleibt weiterhin schwierig. SE und CEUS bieten einen zusätzlichen Beitrag, Patienten zu selektieren, die eine intraoperative Schnellschnittuntersuchung mit möglicher Erweiterung der Operation benötigten und vom Einsatz des intraoperativen Nervenmonitorings profitierten.
Wie handhaben Ärzte ihre eigene Darmkrebsvorsorge und was empfehlen sie ihren Patienten?
Authors: Fischbach Wolfgang , Al-Taie Oliver 
Published: August 2019

Zusammenfassung
Einleitung Darmkrebsvorsorge senkt Inzidenz und Sterblichkeit des kolorektalen Karzinoms. Die Teilnehmerraten in Deutschland sind immer noch vergleichsweise gering. Die Handhabung der eigenen Darmkrebsvorsorge gibt Hinweise darauf, wie Ärzte den Nutzen dieser Maßnahme sehen und was sie demzufolge ihren Patienten empfehlen.
Methode Alle bei der KV Unterfranken registrierten 450 niedergelassenen Allgemeinärzte und Internisten im Alter von über 50 Jahren wurden angeschrieben. Sie erhielten einen Fragebogen zu persönlichen Daten, ihrer eigenen Darmkrebsvorsorge und zu ihrer Einstellung in diesem Thema gegenüber ihren Patienten.
Ergebnisse Auf der Basis von 237 erhaltenen Fragebögen zeigt sich, dass 72 % der Ärzte sich einer Darmkrebsvorsorgeuntersuchung unterzogen haben. 81 % wählten hierfür die Vorsorgekoloskopie. Überzeugt von dem Nutzen der Darmkrebsvorsorge empfehlen 90 % der Befragten ihren Patienten aktiv die Teilnahme an der Darmkrebsvorsorge. Konkret raten 88 % zur Vorsorgekoloskopie.
Schlussfolgerung Ärzte unterziehen sich in einem hohen Prozentsatz der Darmkrebsvorsorge. Die hohe Teilnehmerrate von Ärzten könnte ein zusätzlicher Motivationsfaktor bei Aufklärungskampagnen zur Darmkrebsprävention sein.
Acellular Dermal Matrices: Applications in Plastic Surgery
Authors: Tork Shahryar , Jefferson Ryan C. , Janis Jeffrey E. 
Published: August 2019

AbstractModern advances in tissue engineering have transformed the plastic surgeon's management strategies across a wide variety of applications. Comprehension of the fundamentals of biologic constructs is critical to navigating the available armamentarium. It is essential that plastic surgeons become familiar with some of the existing methods for utilizing biologics as well as the advantages and limitations to their use. In this article, the authors describe the basic science of biologics with a focus on acellular dermal matrices (ADMs), and review the recent evidence behind their use for a variety of reconstructive and aesthetic purposes. The review is organized by system and examines the common indications, techniques, and outcomes pertaining to the application of ADMs in select anatomic areas. The final section briefly considers possible future directions for using biologics in plastic and reconstructive surgery.
Bone Grafts, Bone Substitutes, and Orthobiologics: Applications in Plastic Surgery
Authors: Raghuram Anjali , Singh Aspinder , Chang Daniel K. , Nunez Mervin , Reece Edward M. 
Published: August 2019

AbstractAs reconstructive needs often extend past the soft tissue alone, a plastic surgeon must also be well versed in the methods of bony reconstruction. Understanding of the basic science of fracture healing and the biochemical mechanisms of the different bone grafts, bone substitutes, and orthobiologics is essential to selecting among the many different options available to the modern plastic surgeon. This review provides a broad overview of these different options and the specific applications for plastic surgeons based on anatomic location.
The Evolving Landscape of Gene Therapy in Plastic Surgery
Authors: Raghuram Anjali , Singh Aspinder , Chang Daniel K. , Nunez Mervin , Reece Edward M. , Schultz Brent E. 
Published: August 2019

AbstractWith the rapid rise of personalized genomic sequencing and clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeat (CRISPR) technology, previous gaps in gene therapy are beginning to be bridged, paving the way for increasing clinical applicability. This article aims to provide an overview of the fundamentals of gene therapy and discuss future potential interventions relevant to plastic surgeons. These interventions include enhancing tissue regeneration and healing, as well as modifying disease processes in congenital anomalies. Though clinical applications are still on the horizon, a deeper understanding of these new advances will help plastic surgeons understand the current landscape of gene therapy and stay abreast of future opportunities.
Blister Aneurysm of Middle Cerebral Artery Division: Stent-Assisted Coiling Using Shelfing Technique
Authors: Londhe Shrikant , Gupta Vipul , Parthasarathy Rajsrnivias , Ganie Hilal Ahmad , Jain Nishchint 
Published: August 2019

AbstractBlister aneurysms pose significant diagnostic and therapeutic challenge to neurointerventionists as well as neurosurgeons. Fragile nature of these aneurysms with involvement of the adjacent parent artery makes surgical options more difficult and complicated. Various endovascular treatment options such as overlapping stent, parent artery occlusion, and flow diverter placement are available in the present era. Though side wall aneurysms can be managed with flow diverter placement, bifurcation aneurysms are difficult to treat with these devices due to possibility of compromised flow in covered branch arteries. Blister aneurysms of the middle cerebral artery (MCA) are rare, and their treatment can be challenging when they are treated by endovascular methods with either overlapping stent or flow diverter placement. The authors report a case of ruptured MCA trifurcation blister aneurysm treated with shelfing technique using braided stent monotherapy along with coil embolization. The patient had good clinical outcome (modified Rankin’s scale 1 [mRS-1]) at discharge and complete aneurysm occlusion on follow-up angiogram after 6 months.
Comparative Analysis of Diaphyseal versus Metaphyseal tracker Placement in Imageless Navigation Systems for Total Knee Arthroplasty
Authors: Yang Jae-Hyuk , Yoon Jung-Ro , Lee Jin Kyu 
Published: August 2019

AbstractThis work was designed to compare the intraoperative parameters and clinical and radiologic outcomes of total knee arthroplasty (TKA) during a minimum follow-up period of 2 years and to discuss the pros and cons of two different tracker placement (diaphyseal and metaphyseal) navigation systems. The null hypothesis was that there would be no clinical or radiologic difference between the two different systems. Primary TKA was performed in a total of 100 knees using the two different image-free navigation systems (group 1: diaphyseal tracker placement and group 2: metaphyseal tracker placement) with the strict gap balancing technique. Symptom severity was assessed at preoperative and at 3, 6, 12, and 24 months after surgery using the Knee Society Score (KSS) and Western Ontario and McMaster Universities Osteoarthritis Index (WOMAC) score. Possible adverse issues (major and minor) associated with TKA procedure were observed. Careful assessments were also made of the screw insertion site for infection, stress fractures, and any other related adverse effects. The follow-up periods for groups 1 and 2 were 38 ± 8 months and 38 ± 7 months, respectively. The minimum follow-up period was 24 months. The mechanical alignment improved to 0.1 (valgus) ± 2.2 (group 1) and 0.2 (valgus) ± 2.1 (group 2). There were no radiologic differences between the groups (p > 0.05). In both groups, the KSS and WOMAC improved from before surgery to 24 months after surgery (p < 0.0001). However, the total operation time was 50 ± 5 minutes for group 1, compared to 65 ± 13 minutes for group 2 (p < 0.0001). The metaphyseal tracker navigation system resulted in increased operation time.
Gestational Weight Gain and Postpartum Depression in Women with Class III Obesity
Authors: Adkins LaMani D. , Tucker Ann , Gatta Luke A. , Siegel Anne M. , Reiff Emily , Brown Haywood L. , Dotters-Katz Sarah K. 
Published: August 2019

Abstract
Objective We investigated the association between gestational weight gain (GWG) and postpartum depression (PPD) in women with class III obesity.
Study Design This is a retrospective cohort of women with body mass index (BMI) ≥ 40 kg/m2 at entry to care, first prenatal visit ≤14 weeks gestation, with singleton, nonanomalous pregnancies who delivered at term from July 2013 to December 2017. Women missing data regarding PPD were excluded. Primary outcome was PPD; classified as Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale (EPDS) score >13/30 or provider's report of depression. Participants were classified, according to Institute of Medicine GWG guidelines (11–20 pounds), as either less than 11 pounds (LT11) or at/more than 11 pounds (GT11). Bivariate statistics compared demographics and pregnancy characteristics. Logistic regression used to estimate odds of primary outcome.
Results Of 275 women, 96 (34.9%) gained LT11 and 179 (65.1%) gained GT11 during pregnancy. The rate of PPD was 8.7% (n = 24), 9 (9.4%) in the LT11 group and 15 (8.4%) in the GT11 group (p = 0.82, odds ratio: 1.13, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.48, 2.69). When controlling for entry BMI and multiparity, adjusted odds of PPD was 1.07 (95% CI: 0.44, 2.63). No correlation was found between GWG and EPDS.
Conclusion A relationship between GWG and PPD in class III obese women was not found in this cohort.
Range of Motion at Discharge Predicts Need for Manipulation following Total Knee Arthroplasty
Authors: LaHaise Kristen M. , Vargo Daniel V. , Barrazueta Gustavo A. , Nairus James G. , Bono James V. , Talmo Carl T. 
Published: August 2019

Stiffness following total knee arthroplasty (TKA) is a common complication that can result in unsatisfactory outcomes. Manipulation under anesthesia (MUA) has been widely employed to treat this problem. It is uncertain whether an association exists between range of motion (ROM) at discharge and need for MUA following primary TKA.A retrospective review of an institutional joint registry identified cases of primary TKA performed by three surgeons at a single institution over a 22-month period. A logistic regression model was used to examine the association between ROM at discharge and subsequent MUA controlling for confounding variables related to patient demographics and perioperative details. Of the 1,546 cases identified, 113 (7.3%) cases underwent subsequent MUA. As discharge ROM increased, manipulation rates decreased. Patients with discharge flexion <65 degrees were more likely to undergo MUA than those with flexion >90 degrees (odds ratio [OR] = 17.57, 95% confidence interval [CI] [7.97, 38.73], p < 0.0001). The largest differential in odds of MUA was observed between the <65 degrees at discharge group (OR = 17.57) and the 65 ≤ 75 degrees at discharge group (OR = 7.89). At discharge ROM of 80 ≤ 90 degrees of flexion, patients had more than a twofold increase in odds of MUA relative to those in the >90 degrees group (OR = 2.22, 95% CI [1.20, 4.10], p = 0.011). The results of this study suggest that there is an association between lower ROM at discharge and greater risk of MUA post primary TKA. Counseling patients in regard to discharge ROM and associated risk of MUA may optimize gains in ROM during recovery.
Adherus Dural Sealant in Endoscopic Skull Base Surgery: Safety, Imaging Characteristics, and Sinonasal Quality of Life
Authors: Soneru Christian P. , Riley Charles A. , Minkowitz Shlomo , Tabaee Abtin , Anand Vijay K. , Schwartz Theodore H. 
Published: August 2019

AbstractObjective This study was aimed to compare the safety profiles, magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) findings, and sinonasal outcome test (SNOT-22) scores of Adherus dural sealant, a novel tissue glue designed for skull base surgery.Design Present study is a prospective case series.Setting The research work took place at a tertiary-care academic medical center.Participants Consecutive series of 26 patients undergoing endoscopic skull base surgery (ESBS) with Adherus was compared with a control group of 24 patients matched for tumor type and size with DuraSeal as a sealant.Main Outcome Measures Postoperative complication rates, imaging characteristics, and postoperative SNOT-22 scores were measured and compared.Results No postoperative cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) leaks, intracranial hemorrhages, or mucoceles were observed in either cohort. Adherus was more likely to be identifiable on immediate postoperative MRI (50 vs. 20.8%, p = 0.032). In patients in whom a nasoseptal flap was utilized, the flap was opposed to the skull base in all cases regardless of sealant selected. Postoperative SNOT-22 total (17.25 [±10.81] vs. 14.85 [±14.22], p = 0.609) and subdomain scores were similar between the two groups.Conclusions Adherus dural sealant appears to be a safe alternative to Duraseal in ESBS with comparable quality of life outcomes and imaging findings. These preliminary results are promising but should be examined in a larger population with long-term follow-up.
The Utility of Using Preoperative MRI as a Predictor for Intraoperative Pituitary Adenoma Consistency and Surgical Resection Technique
Authors: Yun Jonathan J. , Johans Stephen J. , Shepherd Daniel J. , Martin Brendan , Joyce Cara , Borys Ewa , Reddy A. Suresh , Patel Chirag R. , Germanwala Anand V. 
Published: August 2019

Abstract
Objective Most pituitary adenomas are of soft consistency and can be resected during surgery with routine suction instruments. However, fibrous adenomas may require more aggressive techniques. The ability to predict consistency on magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) would improve preoperative preparation and may have implications on the extent of resection.
Design A retrospective review of MRI and tumor histology of 50 consecutive patients who underwent endoscopic endonasal resection for nonfunctional adenomas was performed.
Methods An intensity ratio was calculated based on quantitative MRI signal intensity of the adenoma and pons. Intraoperatively, a sequentially graded technique required for resection ranged from suction (R1) for softer tumors, curettes (R2) for tumors with intermediate consistency, and aspirators and/or other microinstruments (R3) for firmer tumors. Fibrotic content was determined from histologic collagen percentage, and rates of gross total resection (GTR) were calculated from postoperative imaging. Statistical analyses were performed to determine if resection classification could be predicted by intensity ratio or collagen percentage, calculate ratio of cut-off points for clinical use, and assess for correlation between intensity ratios and collagen percentage.
Results Tumors with ratios < 1.6 on the T2-weighted coronal image and collagen content > 5.3% were likely to have required a more aggressive resection technique. Statistically significant lower rates of GTR and higher rates of perioperative complications were seen with such tumors.
Conclusion Preoperative MRI analyses can be helpful but not definitive in predicting adenoma consistency. Fibrous adenomas, associated with higher collagen content, are more difficult to resect and have higher rates of subtotal resection.
Managing Benign and Malignant Oral Lesions with Carbon Dioxide Laser: Indications, Techniques, and Outcomes for Outpatient Surgery
Authors: Saibene Alberto Maria , Rosso Cecilia , Castellarin Paolo , Vultaggio Federica , Pipolo Carlotta , Maccari Alberto , Ferrari Daris , Abati Silvio , Felisati Giovanni 
Published: August 2019

Purpose Because of its affinity for water-based tissues, carbon dioxide (CO2) laser has become an instrument of choice for treating oral mucosa conditions, ranging from inflammatory to malignant lesions. The aim of this work is to systematically evaluate the outcomes of laser surgery over a wide range of lesions, while providing a solid and reproducible protocol for CO2 laser surgery in the outpatient management of oral lesion.
Methods Seventy-eight patients underwent 92 laser outpatient procedures for treatment of a wide range of benign and malignant lesions. We performed 60 removals, 11 exeretic biopsies, 15 vaporizations, and 3 vaporization/removal combined. We analyzed laser parameters applied for each technique and provided a systematic evaluation of surgical results.
Results No problems occurred intraoperatively in any of the patients. Five patients complained marginal pain, while 3 patients had postsurgery bleeding. All treatments were successful, with the notable exception of 3 relapsing verrucous proliferative leukoplakias and an infiltrating squamous cell carcinoma of the tongue requiring radicalization. We did not record any adverse reactions to drugs or lesions due to laser action. Concordance between clinical diagnosis and pathology results was at 94.8%.
Conclusions Our data indicate that CO2 laser is a solid choice for outpatient treatment of oral lesions. This technique grants painless and almost bloodless treatment, with negligible recurrence rates. Providing a solid reference for laser settings and operative techniques could provide a foundation for further exploring this tool while offering the basis for a positive comparison between different surgical techniques and options.
An introduction to the ANAWC
Authors: Pickering Lucy , Di Ferrante Laura , Bruce Carrie , Friginal Eric , Pearson Pamela , Bouchard Julie 
Published: August 2019

Abstract
This paper presents an overview of the Augmentative and Alternative Communication (AAC) and Non-AAC Workplace Corpus (ANAWC) (Pickering & Bruce, 2009). The corpus is the first resource of its kind that makes it possible to systematically study the typical language patterns of both AAC users and comparable non-AAC users in the workplace. We discuss the origin of the corpus and give an account of the methodology used for its collection and transcription. We also introduce several publications that demonstrate the novel qualitative and quantitative findings that can be generated on the basis of the corpora. This kind of research will be crucial to guide future developments in AAC development for workplace applications.
A longitudinal observation of technology-mediated feedback for L2 learners of German
Authors: Heift Trude 
Published: August 2019

AbstractThis article provides a longitudinal study of L2 learners of German who used a computer-assisted language learning (CALL) system that formed part of their regular classroom instruction. The 42 learners were enrolled in four consecutive university language courses at a beginner and intermediate level. The study compares two different feedback types, metalinguistic feedback and repetition, which were provided for the same exercise type over the course of four semesters. The exercise type required learners to build sentences from a set of predefined, uninflected words. While the grammatical focus of the exercises changed over time, many of the same grammatical constructions were present in all four courses. The study discusses the changes in learner performance and error correction behavior as students became more proficient in their knowledge of the L2 grammar and were exposed to the technology-mediated feedback that remained consistent throughout system use over the four language courses.
Complex magnetism of B20-MnGe: from spin-spirals, hedgehogs to monopoles
Authors: Bornemann Marcel , Grytsiuk Sergii , Baumeister Paul F , dos Santos Dias Manuel , Zeller Rudolf , Lounis Samir , Blügel Stefan 
Published: August 2019

Abstract
B20 compounds are the playground for various non-trivial magnetic textures such as skyrmions, which are topologically protected states. Recent measurements on B20-MnGe indicate no clear consensus on its magnetic behavior, which is characterized by the presence of either spin-spirals or three-dimensional objects interpreted to be a cubic lattice of hedgehogs and anti-hedgehogs. Utilizing a massively parallel linear scaling all-electron density functional algorithm, we find from full first-principles simulations on cells containing thousands of atoms that upon increase of the compound volume, the state with lowest energy switches across different magnetic phases: ferromagnetic, spin-spiral, hedgehog and monopole.
Accelerated-Cherenkov radiation and signatures of radiation reaction
Authors: Lynch Morgan H , Cohen Eliahu , Hadad Yaron , Kaminer Ido 
Published: August 2019

Abstract
In this manuscript we examine an accelerated charged particle moving through an optical medium, and explore the emission of accelerated-Cherenkov radiation. The particle’s reaction to acceleration creates a low-frequency spectral cutoff in the Cherenkov emission that has a sharp resonance at the superluminal threshold. Moreover, the effect of recoil on the radiation is incorporated kinematically through the use of an Unruh-DeWitt detector by setting an energy gap, i.e. the change in electron energy, to the recoil energy of the emitted photon. The simultaneous presence of recoil and acceleration conspire to produce a localized resonance peak in the emission. These theoretical considerations could be used to construct high precision tests of radiation reaction using Cherenkov emission under acceleration.