bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Prognostic significance of CD4/CD8 ratio in patients with advanced cervical cancer
Authors: Sanif Rizal , Nurwany Raissa 
Published: July 2019

Abstract
Cervical cancer is caused by HPV infection, which types mainly 16,18,31, and 45. CD4+ T cells are the most important cells in viral clearance. CD4+ and CD8+ are involved in the apoptotic process and the CD4/CD8 ratio was assessed in response to the treatment of NAC in advanced cervical cancer. We conducted a case-control study with 30 patients of advanced cervical cancer and 30 patients as the control. Samples were taken from the vein and processed using hemocytometry. Samples were checked three times for cases when the stage of cervical cancer was enforced, before patients underwent 2nd and 3rd series of NAC. The majority of controls were 39.73 years and for the cases were 48.3 years. Patients with CD4/CD8 ratio ≥ 1.2069 had 1.5 times higher risk to cervical cancer than patients with CD4/CD8 ratio < 1.2069, but it was insignificant (OR = 1.495, 95% CI = 0.540-4.136, p = 0.605). Before therapy, they had lower CD4 and CD8 value compared to control. The higher the CD4/CD8 ratio before the 3rd series of NAC was, the higher the risk of having no response towards NAC treatment in advanced cervical cancer patients. Moreover, most of our patients had either complete or partial response.
The effect of physical activity motivation to daily step count and VO2max
Authors: Santoso Budi , Irfannuddin Irfannuddin , Swanny Swanny , Gemilang Kesuma Dani 
Published: July 2019

Abstract
The level of physical activity decreases with reduced skeletal muscle movement in daily activities. Motivation to keep moving and adequate physical activity can increase the value of VO max. This study aims to identify the effect of physical activity motivation in VO2 max values so as to increase the degree of fitness and health. The research uses a quasi-experimental design. Samples were high school students in Palembang were divided into 2 groups: the motivation of physical activity and the control group. The motivation for physical activity is routinely done by sending an SMS every 3 days for 60 days, VO2 max values measured using the Multistage Fitness Test and the number of daily steps using pedometers Accupedo application. A total of 80 subjects had a VO2 max pretest and posttest in the intervention group amounted to 40.5 and 42.9 ml/kg/min, while the control group 41.2 and 42.7 ml/kg/min. The number of daily steps in the intervention group for 8959 steps, while the control group of 7398 steps. Statistical analysis by paired t-test showed that there was a significant effect on the motivation of physical activity daily step count (p <0.001) and VO2 max values (p <0.001).
The effect of ethynyl estradiol and desogestrel on proliferation and apoptosis hydatidiform mole trophoblast cell
Authors: Sastradinata Irawan , Andrijono  , Lelly Heffen Wan , Sutrisna Bambang 
Published: July 2019

Abstract
This study purpose to explore the effect of ethynyl estradiol and desogestrel on proliferation and apoptosis hydatidiform mole trophoblast cell. Hydatidiform mole tissue, trophoblast cells were isolated and culture at RPMI 20% FBS medium. Trophoblast cells divided into three groups observation. First group get ethynyl estradiol 10 nmol/mL, second group get desogestrel 100 nmol/mL, third group get DMSO 1%. Cells incubated and observe at 24, 48, 72, 96 hours. Cell cycle, apoptosis and β HCG was evaluated. The group of cells that get ethynyl estradiol in concentration 10 nmol/mL had cell proliferation index, amount cells and β HCG level higher than control after 72 hours observation. The group of cells that get desogestrel in concentration 100 nmol/mL have cell proliferation index, amount cells and β HCG level lower than control after 48 hours observation. There are no differences of apoptosis between the two group and control. Conclusion: Ethynyl estradiol will increase proliferation of hydatidiform mole trophoblast cell, while desogestrel will decrease proliferation of hydatidiform mole trophoblast cell. There is no effect of ethynyl estradiol and desogestrel on apoptosis of hydatidiform mole trophoblast cell.
A radiologic feature of spine related to musculoskeletal disorder on pedicab drivers
Authors: Seta Septadina Indri , Rulan Adnindya Msy , Suciati Tri 
Published: July 2019

Abstract
Musculoskeletal disorders (MSDs) is a health problem that was results from a work and reported form repetitious movement and awkward postures. The aim of this study is identifying MSDs on pedicab drivers and analyse the radiologic features of the spine (vertebral column) related to MSDs. The research was an observational study with 30 pedicab drivers in Palembang. Musculoskeletal disorders were identified from a Nordic questionnaire whereas other factors were measured using a self-data questionnaire, and anthropometric measurements. A radiologic feature of vertebral column was taken on X-Ray examination of thoracolumbalis spine on lateral and anteroposterior position. The results of this study show that there was a significance difference between lower back pain with lumbar spondylosis p-value = 0.042 (p <α). A pedalling position on pedicab drivers that involves some muscles and bones that manifested to a radiologic feature of spine especially at lumbar spondylosis.
The correlation between uric acid and stages of malignancy among gastric cancer patient in Palembang, Indonesia
Authors: Subandrate  , Yee Lea Kang , Safyudin  
Published: July 2019

Abstract
Gastric cancer is a malignant gastric mucosal cancer that often began on the side where the gastric layer is inflamed. Previous research has shown that high uric acid levels are associated independently with an increased risk of gastric cancer and it is suspected that there is a correlation between gastric cancer and elevated levels of uric acid levels but is still poorly known in detail. The aim of this study was to analyse the correlation between uric acid levels and stage of malignancy of gastric cancer patients in the oncology department of Mohammad Hoesin Hospital Palembang. This research was an analytic observational study by using a cross-sectional design to test the correlation between uric acid levels and stages of malignancy in gastric cancer. The results obtained was analyzed using Goodman and Kruskal’s Gamma correlation test. The Goodman and Kruskal’s gamma test results showed a strong correlation (p=0,033; r=0,746) between uric acid levels and which shows a significant correlation with 95% of confidence levels. Every increment in uric acid levels would be followed by an increase in stages of malignancy in gastric cancer.
Effects of Moringa (Moringa oleifera) leaf extract on alveolar diameter of breastfeeding and weight of infant Wistar rats
Authors: Utary Neliza , Murti Krisna , Seta Septadina Indri 
Published: July 2019

Abstract
Birthweight is the quality of maternal nutrition during pregnancy. In 2005, more than 20 million infants in the world (15.5% of all births) experienced low birth weight. Efforts to improve the survival of infants. Moringa oleifera leaf extract is a medicinal plant that plays roles to increase mother’s milk production. Determine the effect of Moringa leaf extracts supplementation to mamma alveolar diameter of breastfeeding maternal and weight of infant Wistar rat. This was a Completely Randomized Design, conducted in October-March 2018. The sample used were 24 pregnant rats, negative control (KN) given aquadest, positive control (KP+) Moloco 0.13 mg/g BW/day, treatment group I (KPI) dose 0,042 mole leaf extract and treatment group II (KPII) dose 0,168 mg/g BW/day. Data were analysed using ANOVA test 5% significance and continued by post hoc LSD (Least Significant Difference) test on SPSS program version 16. The results showed that in KPII, it was found that the increase of breast alveolar diameter and infants birth weight was higher than the other treatment groups. Infants weight gain is no difference between groups. Moringa leaf extracts to 14 effective periods of pregnancy to increase the size of an alveolar diameter of breast gland and birthweight in infants.
ARID1A protein expression in endometriosis-associated ovarian carcinomas
Authors: Yuliantini Venni , Wresnindyatsih  , Farida Aida , Hafy Zen 
Published: July 2019

Abstract
Epithelial ovarian carcinoma is leading cause of death among gynaecologic malignancies. Somatic mutation of ARID1A gene often observed in endometriosis-associated ovarian carcinoma cases. This mutation causes loss of ARID1A protein expression on tumor-bearing tissues. This study aims to investigate ARID1A protein expression in endometriosis-associated ovarian carcinoma cases in Indonesia. The archive of Formalin-fixed paraffin embedded (FFPE) tissue of 11 endometrial carcinomas (EC), 16 clear cell carcinoma (CCC), and 23 serous carcinomas (SC) from January 1, 2016, to December 31, 2017. The ARID1A expression were analyzed by using Kolmogorov Smirnov and Fisher’s Exact Tests. Majority of patients were older than 50 years (90%). Loss of ARID1A expression in tumor tissue was significantly low in the SC group (8.7%) compared to the EC group (27.3%) and the CCC group (62.5%) (p = 0.021). This study showed that ARID1A expression, was not associated with FIGO stage (p = 0,423), and with histological grade of the cases in EC group (p = 0,544) and SC group (p = 0,395). Loss of ARID1A expression was more frequently found in EC and CCC cases. Loss of ARID1A expression was not associated with FIGO stage and histological grade.
Thirty years of connectivity conservation planning: an assessment of factors influencing plan implementation
Authors: Keeley Annika T H , Beier Paul , Creech Tyler , Jones Kristal , Jongman Rob HG , Stonecipher Grace , Tabor Gary M 
Published: July 2019

Abstract
Connectivity conservation is an emergent approach to counteracting landscape fragmentation and enhancing resilience to climate change at local, national, and global scales. While policy that promotes connectivity is advancing, there has been no systematic, evidence-based study that assesses whether connectivity conservation plans (CCPs) resulted in conservation outcomes, and identifies specific plan attributes that may favor successful implementation. To fill this gap, we gathered 263 terrestrial CCPs from around the world, characterized attributes of 109 plans by surveying plan authors, and conducted semi-structured interviews with authors and implementers of 77 CCPs. The production of CCPs started around 1990 and has increased markedly in all parts of the world, most notably in the United States (led by NGOs and a few states, with little federal involvement), Europe (led by the EU and national policies and implemented at local levels), and the Republic of South Africa (where national legislation mandates each municipality to map corridors and zone all land by 2020). All of the 109 plans that we examined in detail were followed by implementation actions such as crossing structures, ecological restoration, land purchases or easements, recognition of corridors through zoning or government designation, and public engagement. Interviewees emphasized the importance of initial buy-in from key government stakeholders, stakeholder involvement beyond initial buy-in, minimizing staff turnover, and transparent and repeatable procedures. Our quantitative and qualitative analyses similarly suggested that implementation of a CCP was enhanced by enduring partnerships among stakeholders, continuity of leadership, specific recommendations in the CCP using tools appropriately selected from a large toolbox, the existence of enabling legislation and policy, a transparent and repeatable scientific approach, adequate funding, and public outreach.
The Materials of Home: Studying Domesticity in Late Colonial India
Authors: McGowan Abigail 
Published: July 2019

Abstract
In this essay I argue for opening up South Asian historiography on the home to explore not just ideals of middle-class domesticity, but also the material goods and spaces of home lives. This helps to rethink class, as ideals of middle-class respectability were often worked out in buildings and through goods shared with lower classes, deploying caste hierarchies to articulate definitions of proper home life. At the same time, taking materials and spaces seriously allows attention to the role of men in shaping and experiencing homes, whether as designers, retailers, planners, or residents themselves. Drawing on the specific example of the iconic firm Kamdar Ltd., which created modern home interiors in mid-century Bombay, I argue that thinking through the materials of home allows attention to the global engagements of home life defined in class and caste terms, by men and women alike.
The World Is Not Flat: Accounting for the Dynamic Nature of the Environment as We Move Beyond Static Experimental Manipulations
Authors: Greives Timothy J , Bowden Rachel M 
Published: July 2019

Abstract
Although we have long understood that environmental variation affects both physiology and behavior, historically, most studies have limited or simplified environmental variation to focus more directly on traits of interest. Recently, a number of investigators have turned their focus toward attempting to incorporate such variation into studies of physiology and behavior, and not surprisingly, are finding that the results from studies that include more realistic variation, both from the environment as well as in physiological processes within individuals, can differ substantially from those of studies that attempt to hold the parameters constant. Understanding the role that this dynamic variation plays in shaping phenotypes is critical given that, under most predictions from future climate change models, increased variability in factors such as temperature and rainfall are predicted.
Weights and Nilpotent Subgroups
Authors: Navarro Gabriel , Sambale Benjamin 
Published: July 2019

Abstract
In a finite group $G$, we consider nilpotent weights and prove a $\pi $-version of the Alperin Weight Conjecture for certain $\pi $-separable groups. This widely generalizes an earlier result by I. M. Isaacs and the 1st author.
Lay and Professional Judges in Europe’s Labour Courts: Does the Professional Judge Dominate?
Authors: Corby Susan , Burgess Pete , Höland Armin , Michel Hélène , Willemez Laurent 
Published: July 2019

Abstract
Several European countries have a first instance ‘mixed’ labour court, that is a judicial panel comprising a professional judge and two or more lay judges, the latter with experience as employees or employers/managers. The lay judges’ main contribution is their workplace knowledge, but they act in a juridical setting where legal norms prevail, so does the professional judge, despite being in a minority, dominate? This article seeks to address this question by focussing on first instance labour courts in Great Britain, Germany and France. Theories of differential power, particularly status characteristics theory, and previous empirical research indicate that professional judges dominate, but our findings are more nuanced. Based on 177 interviews in three countries, we find that professional judge dominance varies according to the country’s institutional context and the salience of lay judges’ workplace knowledge. These institutional differences, however, are mediated by the attitudes of the judicial actors. Many interviewees noted that some lay judges were more prepared to challenge the professional judge than others, whereas others observed that some professional judges were more inclusive than others.
A Right to Care: Putting Care Ethics at the Heart of UK Reconciliation Legislation
Authors: Mitchell Gemma 
Published: July 2019

Abstract
This article will examine how a right to care could be applied in the UK to better support people’s ability to balance their paid work and caring responsibilities. I will argue that this would inject the ethic of care into the body of work–life balance legislation to better value caring relationships and carers. This is important because paid work is currently prioritised in this body of legislation. I will argue that better valuing caring labour is key to achieving transformative changes in both the workplace and the division of caring labour.
An examination of the coverage of the SNOMED CT coded nursing problem list subset
Authors: Kim Junglyun , Yao Yingwei , Macieira Tamara Goncalves Rezende , Keenan Gail 
Published: July 2019

Abstract

Objective
The purpose of this article is to describe the current nursing problem list subset of Systematized Nomenclature of Medicine Clinical Terms (NPLS) coverage of the American Nurses Association (ANA) recognized standardized nursing terminologies (SNTs) and to identify potential ways to expand and enhance the utility of this list.

Materials and Methods
The study is a cross-sectional exploratory design. We mapped the content of the North American Nursing Diagnosis Association International (NANDA-I) (2018–2020), International Classification for Nursing Practice (ICNP) (2017 AB), Clinical Care Classification (CCC) (2018 AA), and Omaha System (2007AC) terminologies with each other and into NPLS (August 2017 edition) using Unified Medical Language System (UMLS) (release 2018AA) as the intermediary.

Results
We identified a total of 1470 unique nursing diagnosis concepts across SNTs in UMLS, including 175 in CCC, 840 in ICNP, 244 in NANDA-I, 418 in Omaha System, and 631 in NPLS. The NPLS covers approximately 43% of the 1470 concepts—coverage for SNT content is 90% for CCC, 47% for ICNP, 59% for NANDA-I, and 32% for the Omaha System.

Discussion/Recommendations
The NPLS version 2017 coverage of SNT nursing diagnoses included in the UMLS is incomplete and equivocal. Recommendations: (1) ensure all SNT concepts in the UMLS are represented by SNOMED CT terms, (2) devise a formal strategy of partial matching to further enhance interoperability, (3) add a classification structure to the NPLS to enhance the ease of use and utility of the list, and (4) minimize redundancy within NPLS.
LC-MS-MS vs ELISA: Validation of a Comprehensive Urine Toxicology Screen by LC-MS-MS and a Comparison of 100 Forensic Specimens
Authors: Kahl Kristin W , Seither Joshua Z , Reidy Lisa J 
Published: July 2019

AbstractToxicology laboratories commonly employ immunoassay methodologies to perform an initial drug screen on urine specimens to direct confirmatory testing. Due to limitations of immunoassay testing and the need to screen for a broader range of drugs with lower limits of detection at a lower cost, mass spectrometry screening techniques have gained favor in the toxicology field. A liquid chromatography–tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS-MS) urine screening panel was developed and validated for 52 drugs and metabolites. A simple dilute-and-shoot with enzymatic hydrolysis technique was utilized to prepare the urine specimens for analysis. Limit of detection, interference, ionization suppression/enhancement, carryover and stability of processed specimens were assessed during validation. To evaluate the toxicological results obtained from utilizing the LC-MS-MS in comparison with the laboratory’s current enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) panel, 100 authentic urine specimens from suspected driving under the influence and drug-facilitated crime cases were analyzed using both methodologies and the results were compared. In addition, the cost of each methodology was evaluated and compared. The validated LC-MS-MS method had limits of detection that were equal to or lower than the concentrations validated for ELISA cutoffs, had fewer exogenous interferences, and the cost of screening per specimen was reduced by ~70% when compared to ELISA. Comparing the toxicology results of forensic urine specimens demonstrated that by only using ELISA, the laboratory was unable to detect benzoylecgonine in 26%, lorazepam in 33% and oxymorphone in 60% of the positive specimens. Additional analytes detected using the LC-MS-MS method were zolpidem and/or metabolite, gabapentin, tramadol and metabolite, methadone and metabolite, meprobamate and phentermine. The results of the validation, the toxicological result comparison and the cost comparison showed that the LC-MS-MS screening method is a simple, sensitive and cost-effective alternative to ELISA screening methods for urine specimens.
Validation of a High-throughput Screening and Quantification Method for the Determination of Gabapentinoids in Blood Using a Combination of LC-TOF-MS and LC-MS-MS
Authors: De La Vega Hilda , Fox Kim , Pardi Justine , Santiago-Tirado Wendy , Cooper Gail 
Published: July 2019

Abstract
Gabapentinoids such as gabapentin (GP) and pregabalin (PGL) have been used to treat a wide range of neurological and psychiatric disorders. In recent years, there has been an increasing awareness of GP and PGL misuse among individuals with a history of polysubstance use. Both GP and PGL are understood to potentiate the effects of opioids, with fatalities involving GP and PGL being reported with increasing frequency. An efficient procedure was developed to screen and quantitate GP and PGL in blood samples using a combination of liquid chromatography time-of-flight mass spectrometry (LC-TOF-MS) and liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS-MS). The developed LC-MS-MS method was linear from 0.5–50 mg/L, with a limit of detection (LOD) of 0.1 mg/L for GP and PGL. An LOD of 0.5 mg/L was determined for both analytes on the LC-TOF-MS screen. A total of 1,091 blood specimens were subjected to a protein crash with methanol, in the presence of deuterated internal standards, PGL-d6 and GP-d10, to minimize the effects of varying matrix conditions. Specimens tested included both post-mortem blood and preserved blood specimens collected for the purposes of investigating drug-impaired driving and suspected drug-facilitated crimes. Of the total of specimens tested, 101 (9.3%) screened positive using the developed LC-TOF-MS method for GP while only 13 (1.2%) blood specimens screened positive for PGL. All (100%) of the cases that screened positive for GP and PGL were confirmed positive by LC-MS-MS. Blood concentrations of GP and PGL ranged from &lt;0.5 to 215 mg/L and from &lt;0.5 to 32 mg/L, respectively. Of the blood specimens that had previously screened negative by LC-TOF-MS, 10% (N = 100) were randomly selected and tested by LC-MS-MS with 100% confirmed negative for GP and PGL. The developed methods provide a fast and reliable high-throughput screening and confirmation testing strategy for the detection of GP and PGL in blood specimens.