bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Asymmetric Synthesis of 1,4‐Dicarbonyl Compounds from Aldehydes by Hydrogen Atom Transfer Photocatalysis and Chiral Lewis Acid Catalysis
Authors: Kuang Yulong , Wang Kai , Shi Xiangcheng , Huang Xiaoqiang , Meggers Eric , Wu Jie 
Published: September 2019

AbstractEnantioenriched 1,4‐dicarbonyl compounds are versatile synthons in natural product and pharmaceutical drug synthesis. We herein report a mild pathway for the efficient enantioselective synthesis of these compounds directly from aldehydes through synergistic cooperation between a neutral eosin Y hydrogen atom transfer photocatalyst and a chiral rhodium Lewis acid catalyst. This method is distinguished by its operational simplicity, abundant feedstocks, atom economy, and ability to generate products in high yields (up to 99 %) and high enantioselectivity (up to 99 % ee).
Isolation and characterization of spontaneously immortalized B‐lymphocyte lines from HIV‐infected patients with and without non‐Hodgkin's Lymphoma
Authors: Zhuang Ke , Zhang Yongxi , Zhou Li , Qi Xiaoying , Xu Xiqiu , Meng Fengzhen , Xu Zhigao , liu Jinbiao , Shao Liang , Liu Huan , Liu Hang , Fang Jun , Deng Di , Peng Jianhong , Zhou Fuling , Liu Li , Tang Hongbin , Xiong Yong , Ho Wenzhe , Guo Deying , Ke Hengning , Gui Xien 
Published: September 2019

AbstractIsolation of viable circulating tumor cells (CTC) holds the promise for improving screening, early diagnosis, and personalized treatment of lymphoma. In this study, we isolated and characterized spontaneously immortalized B‐lymphocyte (SIBC) lines from HIV‐infected patients with and without Non‐Hodgkin's Lymphoma (AIDS‐NHL). A total of 22 SIBC lines was isolated from peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) of HIV‐infected patients with (n = 40) and without (n = 77) clinically detectable NHL, but not from healthy individuals (n = 34). Of these, 8 SIBC lines named HIV‐SIBC were generated from HIV‐infected patients without AIDS‐NHL (10%, 8/77), while 14 SIBCs named AIDS‐NHL‐SIBC were from 13 of the AIDS‐NHL patients (32.5%, 13/40). Among the 14 AIDS‐NHL‐SIBCs, 12 were derived from AIDS‐NHL patients with poor prognoses (survival time less than 1 year). SIBCs displayed markers typical of memory B cells (CD3‐CD20+CD27+) with EBV infection. Moreover, AIDS‐NHL‐SIBCs were representative of CTC as evidenced by monoclonal Ig gene rearrangement, abnormal chromosomal karyotype, and the formation of xenograft tumors, while HIV‐SIBCs generated harbored some features of tumor cells, none had the capacity of xenograft tumor formation, suggesting HIV‐SIBC present the precursor of CTC. These results indicate that SIBCs is associated with poor prognosis in AIDS‐NHL patients and can be isolated from HIV‐infected patients with NHL and without NHL. This findings point to the need for further molecular characterization and functional studies of SIBCs, which may prove the value of SIBCs in the diagnosis, prognoses, and screening for NHL among HIV‐infected patients.
Recent Progress in Visible Light Driven Water Oxidation Using Semiconductors Coupled with Molecular Catalysts
Authors: Liang Xiangming , Cao Xiaohu , Sun Wanjun , Ding Yong 
Published: September 2019

AbstractHybrid systems combining the molecular catalyst and semiconductors have been demonstrated to be feasible and efficient for water oxidation under visible light illumination. Herein, we present a brief review on recent developments of constructing molecule/semiconductor hybrid systems. These hybrid systems combined molecular catalysts with dye‐sensitized semiconductors or visible‐light‐response semiconductors. This review systematically summarizes the fabrication strategies of hybrid systems in photoelectrochemical (PEC) water splitting and powdered photocatalytic water oxidation. Furthermore, we highlight the excellent water oxidation performances and stability of different hybrid systems and provide valuable guidance to design construction strategies for more robust and capable devices.
Natural Seashell Waste as an Efficient and Low‐Cost Catalyst for the Synthesis of Arylmethylenemalonitriles
Authors: Gao Ziyang , Yang Hongyuan , Liu Qing 
Published: September 2019

AbstractIn this work, four kinds of natural seashells (clam shell, oyster shell, scallop shell, and conch shell) are investigated as catalysts for the Knoevenagel reaction to produce arylmethylenemalonitriles, among which conch shells show the highest catalytic activity due to their mixed phases of calcite and aragonite, resulting in the relatively weak base strength and fewer number of basic sites. Solvent effect and catalyst usage are systematically investigated, and conch shells show high universality for nine aromatic aldehydes to produce the desired products with high yield in short time under optimized conditions. In addition, this catalyst possesses good recyclability and could be used four times without obvious deactivation. In all, conch shell is an efficient, low‐cost, green, and recyclable catalyst for the Knoevenagel reaction.
Spatial and Temporal Distribution of Dust‐Bound Trace Metal Elements around Kuhdasht Watershed Area in Iran
Authors: Alipour Hamid , Jalalian Ahmad , Honarjoo Naser , Tommanian Norair , Sarmadian Fereidoon 
Published: September 2019

AbstractDust, as a source of trace metal elements, affects the health of society. The spatial and temporal concentrations of dust‐bound trace metals (Cd, Pb, Ni, Zn, Cu, and Mn) in Kuhdasht watershed (456 km2), Lorestan Province, Iran, is investigated. Dust is collected using glass traps placed in ten research stations in the region. The spatial and temporal distribution of dust trace metals are plotted using ARC‐GIS. The highest and the lowest concentrations of Zn (9751150 mg kg−1), Pb (46.352.9 mg kg−1), and Cd (2.443.30 mg kg−1) are obtained in winter, of Ni (98110 mg kg−1) and Cu in autumn (16.053.5 mg kg−1), and of Mn in summer (385505 mg kg−1). The spatial concentrations of dust‐bound trace metals indicate all, except Cu, show a decreasing trend from the mountains toward the plains, similar to that of soil and of dust, except for Zn, which shows higher concentrations in dust than in soil. The potential sources of dust‐bound trace metals and their rate of contamination are also investigated using the enrichment and contamination factors. The major sources of Cd and Zn in the dust of watershed are due to anthropogenic activities or from activities outside the borders.
Cu2+ Effects on Beta‐Amyloid Oligomerisation Monitored by the Fluorescence of Intrinsic Tyrosine
Authors: Alghamdi Abeer , Wellbrock Thorben , Birch David J. S. , Vyshemirsky Vladislav , Rolinski Olaf J. 
Published: September 2019

AbstractA non‐invasive intrinsic fluorescence sensing of the early stages of Alzheimer's beta amyloid peptide aggregation in the presence of copper ions is reported. By using time‐resolved fluorescence techniques the formation of beta amyloid‐copper complexes and the accelerated peptide aggregation are demonstrated. The shifts in the emission spectral peaks indicate that the peptides exhibit different aggregation pathways than in the absence of copper.
Unveiling the Origin of the High Catalytic Activity of Ultrathin 1T/2H MoSe2 Nanosheets for the Hydrogen Evolution Reaction: A Combined Experimental and Theoretical Study
Authors: Xiao Weiping , Bukhvalov Danil , Zou Zhaoyong , Zhang Lin , Lin Zixia , Yang Xiaofei 
Published: September 2019

Abstract2 D transition metal dichalcogenide materials with layered nanostructures and specific phases usually exhibit excellent catalytic activities for the hydrogen evolution reaction (HER). A facile solvothermal process was used to prepare ultrathin noble‐metal‐free 2 D biphasic MoSe2 nanosheets composed of a metastable metallic 1T phase and a semiconducting 2H phase. High metallic 1T phase content and few‐layer‐thick MoSe2 nanosheets were obtained by tuning the amount of NaBH4 used in the reaction. The optimal integration of a metallic 1T phase and an environmentally stable 2H phase in MoSe2 electrocatalysts provides abundant active sites and good conductivity beneficial for the HER. The combination of experimental results and DFT calculations implies that the electrocatalytic activity for the HER on the MoSe2 surface goes through a collaborative Heyrovsky and Volmer reaction process. The theoretical studies suggest that the presence of 1T‐MoSe2 could reduce the band energy relative to 2H‐MoSe2 and, consequently, accelerate the sluggish HER kinetics of 2H‐MoSe2. This work provides valuable and novel insights into the understanding of the structure–activity relationships in 2 D transition metal dichalcogenide electrocatalysts.
Guidance for Developing Amphibian Population Models for Ecological Risk Assessment
Authors: Awkerman Jill , Raimondo Sandy , Schmolke Amelie , Galic Nika , Rueda-Cediel Pamela , Kapo Katherine , Accolla Chiara , Vaugeois Maxime , Forbes Valery 
Published: September 2019

Abstract
Despite widespread acceptance of the utility of population modeling and advocacy of this approach for a more ecologically relevant perspective, it is not routinely incorporated in ecological risk assessments (ERA). A systematic framework for situation-specific model development is one of the major challenges to broadly adopting population models in ERA. As risk assessors confront the multitude of species and chemicals requiring evaluation, an adaptable stepwise guide for model parameterization would facilitate this process. Additional guidance on interpretation of model output and evaluating uncertainty would further contribute to establishing consensus on good modeling practices. We build on previous work that created a framework and decision guide for developing population models for ERA by focusing on data types, model structure, and extrinsic stressors relevant to anuran amphibians. Anurans have a unique life cycle with varying habitat requirements and high phenotypic plasticity. These species belong to the amphibian class, which is facing global population decline in large part due to anthropogenic stressors, including chemicals. We synthesize information from databases and literature relevant to amphibian risks to identify traits that influence exposure likelihood, inherent sensitivity, population vulnerability, and environmental constraints. We link these concerns with relevant population modeling methods and structure in order to evaluate pesticide effects with appropriate scale and parameterization. A standardized population modeling approach, with additional guidance for anuran ERA, offers an example method for quantifying population risks and evaluating long-term impacts of chemical stressors to populations. Integr Environ Assess Manag 2020;16:223–233. © 2019 SETAC
Loss of interleukin‐10 exacerbates early Type‐1 diabetes‐induced bone loss
Authors: Rios‐Arce Naiomy D. , Dagenais Andrew , Feenstra Derrick , Coughlin Brandon , Kang Ho Jun , Mohr Susanne , McCabe Laura R. , Parameswaran Narayanan 
Published: September 2019

AbstractType‐1 diabetes (T1D) increases systemic inflammation, bone loss, and risk for bone fractures. Levels of the anti‐inflammatory cytokine interleukin‐10 (IL‐10) are decreased in T1D, however their role in T1D‐induced osteoporosis is unknown. To address this, diabetes was induced in male IL‐10 knockout (KO) and wild‐type (WT) mice. Analyses of femur and vertebral trabecular bone volume fraction identified bone loss in T1D‐WT mice at 4 and 12 weeks, which in T1D‐IL‐10‐KO mice was further reduced at 4 weeks but not 12 weeks. IL‐10 deficiency also increased the negative effects of T1D on cortical bone. Osteoblast marker osterix was decreased, while osteoclast markers were unchanged, suggesting that IL‐10 promotes anabolic processes. MC3T3‐E1 osteoblasts cultured under high glucose conditions displayed a decrease in osterix which was prevented by addition of IL‐10. Taken together, our results suggest that IL‐10 is important for promoting osteoblast maturation and reducing bone loss during early stages of T1D.
Identification of a six‐gene prognostic signature for oral squamous cell carcinoma
Authors: Wang Jiaying , Wang Yuanyong , Kong Fanzhi , Han Rui , Song Wenbin , Chen Di , Bu Lingxue , Wang Shuangyi , Yue Jin , Ma Lei 
Published: September 2019

AbstractOral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) is one of the most common types of malignancies worldwide, and its morbidity and mortality have increased in the near term. Consequently, the purpose of the present study was to identify the notable differentially expressed genes (DEGs) involved in their pathogenesis to obtain new biomarkers or potential therapeutic targets for OSCC. The gene expression profiles of the microarray datasets GSE85195, GSE23558, and GSE10121 were obtained from the Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) database. After screening the DEGs in each GEO dataset, 249 DEGs in OSCC tissues were obtained. Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes and Gene Ontology pathway enrichment analysis was employed to explore the biological functions and pathways of the above DEGs. A protein–protein interaction network was constructed to obtain a central gene. The corresponding total survival information was analyzed in patients with oral cancer from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA). A total of six candidate genes (CXCL10, OAS2, IFIT1, CCL5, LRRK2, and PLAUR) closely related to the survival rate of patients with oral cancer were identified, and expression verification and overall survival analysis of six genes were performed based on TCGA database. Time‐dependent receiver operating characteristic curve analysis yields predictive accuracy of the patient's overall survival. At the same time, the six genes were further verified by quantitative real‐time polymerase chain reaction using samples obtained from the patients recruited to the present study. In conclusion, the present study identified the prognostic signature of six genes in OSCC for the first time via comprehensive bioinformatics analysis, which could become potential prognostic markers for OCSS and may provide potential therapeutic targets for tumors.
Supervision in genetic counselor training in North America: A systematic review
Authors: Siskind Carly E. , Atzinger Carrie L. 
Published: September 2019

AbstractGenetic counseling has been a profession for over 40 years, and training programs accredited by the Accreditation Council for Genetic Counseling are required to have students supervised in at least 50 patient‐facing cases prior to graduation. However, there is no standardized information or training for supervisors of genetic counseling students. As a first step toward creating formal and standardized supervision training, we undertook a systematic review of the genetic counseling student supervision literature. A formal systematic review was conducted including establishing a research question with inclusion and exclusion criteria, establishing search terms, searching databases, reading/screening abstracts, examining full texts for inclusion, assessing for quality, and finally extracting data with a standardized form to provide the basis of the review. In all, 151 papers were screened, of which 19 and two erratum were found to meet inclusion criteria and pass quality measures. Main themes from these papers were as follows: Training Model, Competencies, Investigation of Techniques, Difficulties in Supervision, and Barriers. In total, 19 papers provided evidence for the way that supervision is currently being performed and suggestions for what needs further investigation to direct supervision training. Recommendations for genetic counseling student supervision include the following: provide a review of training models to supervisors; provide a copy of the supervision competencies to supervisors; use competencies with lowest self‐efficacy to inform future supervision trainings; and find ways to support genetic counselors in becoming student supervisors.
Prevalence of fatigue among postgraduate trainees in the United States and Japan
Authors: Kato Hirotaka , Burger Alfred P. , Emoto Ken , Sakama Reiko , Uehara Yuki , Segon Ankur , Lin Jenny J. 
Published: September 2019

AbstractBackgroundThe difference in prevalence of fatigue among postgraduate trainees between the United States and Japan is unknown.MethodsA cross‐sectional survey using Iowa Fatigue Scale was administered on postgraduate trainees in two internal medicine residency programs in New York and five postgraduate residency programs in Japan.ResultsOf the 393 trainees, 135 (34%) completed the survey. Seventy‐seven (57%) were US trainees. Both fatigue (42% vs 81%) and severe fatigue (4% vs 19%) were more prevalent in Japan (P < .01). US trainees felt more productive during work hours but less fatigued.ConclusionsFatigue was more prevalent among postgraduate trainees in Japan.
The impact, cost and cost‐effectiveness of oral pre‐exposure prophylaxis in sub‐Saharan Africa: a scoping review of modelling contributions and way forward
Authors: Case Kelsey K , Gomez Gabriela B , Hallett Timothy B 
Published: September 2019

AbstractIntroductionOral pre‐exposure prophylaxis (PrEP) is a new form of HIV prevention being considered for inclusion in national prevention portfolios. Many mathematical modelling studies have been undertaken that speak to the impact, cost and cost‐effectiveness of PrEP programmes. We assess the available evidence from mathematical modelling studies to inform programme planning and policy decision making for PrEP and further research directions.MethodsWe conducted a scoping review of the published modelling literature. Articles published in English which modelled oral PrEP in sub‐Saharan Africa, or non‐specific settings with relevance to generalized HIV epidemic settings, were included. Data were extracted for the strategies of PrEP use modelled, and the impact, cost and cost‐effectiveness of PrEP for each strategy. We define an algorithm to assess the quality and relevance of studies included, summarize the available evidence and identify the current gaps in modelling. Recommendations are generated for future modelling applications and data collection.Results and DiscussionWe reviewed 1924 abstracts and included 44 studies spanning 2007 to 2017. Modelling has reported that PrEP can be a cost‐effective addition to HIV prevention portfolios for some use cases, but also that it would not be cost‐effective to fund PrEP before other prevention interventions are expanded. However, our assessment of the quality of the modelling indicates cost‐effectiveness analyses failed to comply with standards of reporting for economic evaluations and the assessment of relevance highlighted that both key parameters and scenarios are now outdated. Current evidence gaps include modelling to inform service development using updated programmatic information and ex post modelling to evaluate and inform efficient deployment of resources in support of PrEP, especially among key populations, using direct evidence of cost, adherence and uptake patterns.ConclusionsUpdated modelling which more appropriately captures PrEP programme delivery, uses current intervention scenarios, and is parameterized with data from demonstration and implementation projects is needed in support of more conclusive findings and actionable recommendations for programmes and policy. Future analyses should address these issues, aligning with countries to support the needs of programme planners and decision makers for models to more directly inform programme planning and policy.
Separation and indirect ultraviolet detection of ferrous and trivalent iron ions by using ionic liquids in ion chromatography
Authors: Wen Xin‐zhu , Yu Hong , Ma Ya‐jie 
Published: September 2019

AbstractA method of simultaneous separation and indirect ultraviolet detection of different valence iron ions Fe2+ and Fe3+ by using ionic liquids as mobile phase additives and ultraviolet absorption reagents on a cation exchange column functionalized with carboxylic acid group was developed. The effects of ionic liquids, organic acids, detection wavelength, etc. on separation and detection of Fe2+ and Fe3+ were investigated and the mechanism was discussed. The pyridinium and imidazolium ionic liquids were not only ultraviolet absorption reagents of indirect ultraviolet detection but also effective components for separating Fe2+ and Fe3+. The separation and detection of Fe2+ and Fe3+ can be achieved using 0.5 mmol/L pyridinium ionic liquid−1.2 mmol/L methanesulfonic acid as the mobile phase. The determination of Fe2+ and Fe3+ had a good linear relationship in the concentration range of 1−100 mg/L. The limits of detection of Fe2+ and Fe3+ were 0.12 and 0.09 mg/L, respectively. This method was applied to the actual sample detection in the field of medical analysis. The spiked recoveries were between 97.3 and 99.5%, and the relative standard deviations were less than 0.6%. The method is simple, accurate, and reliable, and is an analytical method with universal and practical value.
Microwave‐Assisted Reversible Coordination‐Mediated Polymerization for Self‐Healing Hybrid Materials: RGO@PDA Simultaneous as Catalyst and Nanocomposites in One‐Pot
Authors: Jiang Xinyan , Wang Wenxiang , Bai Liangjiu , Yang Lixia , Chen Hou , Yang Huawei , Wei Donglei , Cheng Zhenping 
Published: September 2019

AbstractIn this article, polydopamine (PDA) is efficiently adhered on the surface of graphene oxide (GO) by mussel‐inspired chemistry. The obtained reduced GO/PDA (RGO@PDA) nanocomposites are used for catalyzing reversible coordination‐mediated polymerization under microwave radiation. Well‐defined and iodine‐terminated polyacrylonitrile‐co‐poly(n‐butyl acrylate) (PAN‐co‐PnBA) is successfully fabricated by using RGO@PDA nanocomposites as catalysts. Importantly, green and novel strategy of PAN‐co‐PnBA‐type self‐healing nanocomposite materials is further fabricated with RGO@PDA as additive after polymerization as catalyst in one‐pot. As a reinforcement agent, RGO@PDA can also improve the mechanical and self‐healing properties of hybrid materials, which opens up a novel and green methodology for the preparation of self‐healing hybrid materials.
Traveling wave solutions in delayed higher dimensional lattice differential systems with partial monotonicity
Authors: Li Kun , He Yanli 
Published: September 2019

AbstractIn this paper, we consider the existence of traveling wave solutions in delayed higher dimensional lattice differential systems with partial monotonicity. By relaxing the monotonicity of the upper solutions and allowing it greater than positive equilibrium point, we establish the existence of traveling wave solutions by means of Schauder's fixed point theorem. And then, we apply our results to delayed competition‐cooperation systems on higher dimensional lattices.