bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Role of magnetic resonance imaging in breast cancer management
Authors: Radhakrishna Selvi , Agarwal S. , Parikh Purvish M. , Kaur K. , Panwar Shikha , Sharma Shelly , Dey Ashish , Saxena K. K. , Chandra Madhavi , Sud Seema 
Published: April 2018

AbstractMagnetic resonance imaging (MRI) of the breast is primarily used as a supplemental tool to breast screening with mammography or ultrasound. A breast MRI is mainly used for women who have been diagnosed with breast cancer, to help measure the size of the cancer, look for other tumors in the breast, and to check for tumors in the opposite breast. For certain women at high risk for breast cancer, a screening MRI is recommended along with a yearly mammogram. MRI is known to give some false positive results which mean more test and/or biopsies for the patient. Thus, although breast MRI is useful for women at high risk, it is rarely recommended as a screening test for women at average risk of breast cancer. Also, breast MRI does not show calcium deposits, known as micro-calcifications which can be a sign of breast cancer.
Practical consensus recommendations on management of HR + ve early breast cancer with specific reference to genomic profiling
Authors: Aggarwal A. , Vaid A. , Ramesh A. , Parikh Purvish M. , Purohit S. , Avasthi B. , Gupta S. , Ranjan S. , Kaushal V. , Salim S. , Singh R. , Minhas S. , Doval D. 
Published: April 2018

AbstractBreast cancer is a heterogeneous disease and patients are managed clinically based on ER, PR, HER2 expression, and key risk factors. The use of gene expression assays for early stage disease is already common practice. These tests have found a place in risk stratifying the heterogeneous group of stage I–II breast cancers for recurrence, for predicting chemotherapy response, and for predicting breast cancer-related mortality. Most guidelines for hormone receptor (HR)–positive early breast cancer recommend addition of adjuvant chemotherapy for most women, leading to overtreatment, which causes considerable morbidity and cost. Expert oncologist discussed about strategies of gene expression assays and aid in chemotherapy recommendations for treatment of HR + ve EBC and the expert group used data from published literature, practical experience and opinion of a large group of academic oncologists to arrive at this practical consensus recommendations for the benefit of community oncologists.
Practical consensus recommendation on when to do BRCA testing
Authors: Parikh Purvish M. , Wadhwa J. , Minhas S. , Gupta A. , Mittal S. , Ranjan S. , Mehta P. , Singh R. , Kataria S. P. , Salim S. , Ahmed M. , Aggarwal S. 
Published: April 2018

Abstract
BRCA-mutation associated breast cancer and to future cancer risks and sensitivity to systemic therapies. Now that rapid genetic testing for BRCA1 and BRCA2 mutations is available, BRCA mutation status can be considered when making treatment and prevention decisions for BRCA testing, BRCA mutation carriers with breast cancer. Expert group used data from published literature, practical experience, and opinion of a large group of academic oncologists, to arrive at practical consensus recommendations for use by the community oncologists.
Practical consensus recommendations regarding the management of hormone receptor positive early breast cancer in elderly women
Authors: Babu Govind , Goel A. , Agarwal S. , Gupta S. , Kumar P. , Smruti B. K. , Goel V. , Sarangi R. , Gairola M. , Aggarwal S. , Parikh Purvish K. 
Published: April 2018

AbstractBreast cancer is a leading cause of death among women, and its incidence increases with age. Currently the treatment of breast cancer in older patients is almost identical to their younger counterparts. This expert group used data from published literature, practical experience and opinion of a large group of academic oncologists to arrive at these practical consensus recommendations for the benefit of community oncologists regarding the management of early breast cancer specifically in elderly women.
Weighted Distribution of Low-lying Zeros of GL(2) -functions
Authors: Knightly Andrew , Reno Caroline 
Published: April 2018

AbstractWe show that if the zeros of an automorphic $L$-function are weighted by the central value of the $L$-function or a quadratic imaginary base change, then for certain families of holomorphic GL(2) newforms, it has the effect of changing the distribution type of low-lying zeros from orthogonal to symplectic, for test functions whose Fourier transforms have sufficiently restricted support. However, if the $L$-value is twisted by a nontrivial quadratic character, the distribution type remains orthogonal. The proofs involve two vertical equidistribution results for Hecke eigenvalues weighted by central twisted $L$-values. One of these is due to Feigon and Whitehouse, and the other is new and involves an asymmetric probability measure that has not appeared in previous equidistribution results for GL(2).
Changing pattern of ice flow and mass balance for glaciers discharging into the Larsen A and B embayments, Antarctic Peninsula, 2011 to 2016
Authors: Rott Helmut , Abdel Jaber Wael , Wuite Jan , Scheiblauer Stefan , Floricioiu Dana , van Wessem Jan Melchior , Nagler Thomas , Miranda Nuno , van den Broeke Michiel R. 
Published: April 2018

Abstract. We analysed volume change and mass balance of outlet glaciers on the northern
Antarctic Peninsula over the periods 2011 to 2013 and 2013 to 2016, using
high-resolution topographic data from the bistatic interferometric radar
satellite mission TanDEM-X. Complementary to the geodetic method that applies DEM
differencing, we computed the net mass balance of the main outlet glaciers
using the mass budget method, accounting for the difference between the surface
mass balance (SMB) and the discharge of ice into an ocean or ice shelf. The
SMB values are based on output of the regional climate model RACMO version
2.3p2. To study glacier flow and retrieve ice discharge we generated
time series of ice velocity from data from different satellite radar sensors,
with radar images of the satellites TerraSAR-X and TanDEM-X as the main source.
The study area comprises tributaries to the Larsen A, Larsen Inlet and
Prince Gustav Channel embayments (region A), the glaciers calving into the Larsen B embayment (region B) and the glaciers draining into the remnant part of
the Larsen B ice shelf in Scar Inlet (region C). The glaciers of region A, where
the buttressing ice shelf disintegrated in 1995, and of region B (ice shelf
break-up in 2002) show continuing losses in ice mass, with significant
reduction of losses after 2013. The mass balance numbers for the grounded
glacier area of region A are −3.98 ± 0.33 Gt a−1 from
2011 to 2013 and −2.38 ± 0.18 Gt a−1 from 2013 to 2016. The
corresponding numbers for region B are −5.75 ± 0.45 and
−2.32 ± 0.25 Gt a−1. The mass balance in region C during the
two periods was slightly negative, at −0.54 ± 0.38 Gt a−1
and −0.58 ± 0.25 Gt a−1. The main share in the
overall mass losses of the region was contributed by two glaciers: Drygalski
Glacier contributing 61 % to the mass deficit of region A, and Hektoria
and Green glaciers accounting for 67 % to the mass deficit of region B.
Hektoria and Green glaciers accelerated significantly in 2010–2011,
triggering elevation losses up to 19.5 m a−1 on the lower terminus
during the period 2011 to 2013 and resulting in a mass balance of
−3.88 Gt a−1. Slowdown of calving velocities and reduced calving
fluxes in 2013 to 2016 coincided with years in which ice mélange and sea ice
cover persisted in proglacial fjords and bays during summer.
The “Szymanowski Clash”: Harmonic Conflict and Ambiguity in the Szymanowski Mazurkas
Authors: Bengtson Matthew 
Published: April 2018

Among the greatest fascinations of Karol Szymanowski’s Mazurkas, op. 50 and op. 62, are their rich and sophisticated harmonic vocabulary. Many stylistic elements are combined together in this musical language, including pedal points, bagpipe fifths, modal mixture, and bitonality. The interplay of all these phenomena tends to destabilize functional harmonic relationships, leading to many instances of harmonic clashes by semitone, dubbed “Szymanowski clashes.” Considering this harmonic language through the lens of the Szymanowski clash can offer an understanding of this music that points to underlying compositional design and structural logic, while acting in accord with the listener’s perceptions of the musical surface.
Inkjet Printing of Multicolor Daylight Visible Opal Holography
Authors: Keller Kirill , Yakovlev Aleksandr V. , Grachova Elena V. , Vinogradov Alexandr V. 
Published: April 2018

AbstractInkjet printing of holography is a prospective technique for fabrication of anti‐counterfeiting devices and full‐color imaging. A method for production of multicolor opal holography using photonic colloidal crystals is presented. The method for direct printing of holograms on paper with transparent inks based on uniform polystyrene spheres with diameters 315, 450, and 550 nm, respectively, is presented. Inks are prepared and optimized by rheological parameters with the theory of Ohnesorge numbers. Opal‐like structures are formed on a silicon wafer, glass slide, and glossy photo paper under variation temperatures of drying and different number of layers. Drops morphology and effect on optical properties are profoundly studied. The implementation of Fourier transform of the radial distribution function for calculation of relative value of ordering of the colloidal spheres in the printed drop which allows estimating the influence of printing defects and coffee‐ring on total particle order in the printed drop is reported for the first time. The received data have a direct applied value and can be used in future printing technologies.
Merging Biology and Solid‐State Lighting: Recent Advances in Light‐Emitting Diodes Based on Biological Materials
Authors: Fresta Elisa , Fernández‐Luna Verónica , Coto Pedro B. , Costa Rubén D. 
Published: April 2018

AbstractSolid‐state lighting (SSL) is one of the biggest achievements of the 20th century. It has completely changed our modern life with respect to general illumination (light‐emitting diodes), flat devices and displays (organic light‐emitting diodes), and small labeling systems (light‐emitting electrochemical cells). Nowadays, it is however mandatory to make a transition toward green, sustainable, and equally performing lighting systems. In this regard, several groups have realized that the actual SSL technologies can easily and efficiently be improved by getting inspiration from how natural systems that manipulate light have been optimized over millennia. In addition, various natural and biocompatible materials with suitable properties for lighting applications have been used to replace expensive and unsustainable components of current lighting devices. Finally, SSL has also started to revolutionize the biomedical field with the achievement of efficient implantable lighting systems. Herein, the‐state‐of‐art of (i) biological materials for lighting devices, (ii) bioinspired concepts for device designs, and (iii) implantable SSL technologies is summarized, highlighting the perspectives of these emerging fields.
Light‐Driven Electrohydrodynamic Instabilities in Liquid Crystals
Authors: Zhan Yuanyuan , Schenning Albertus P. H. J. , Broer Dirk J. , Zhou Guofu , Liu Danqing 
Published: April 2018

AbstractThe induction of electrohydrodynamic instabilities in nematic liquid crystals through light illumination are reported. For this purpose, a photochromic spiropyran is added to the liquid crystal mixture. When an electrical field is applied in the absence of UV light, the homeotropic liquid crystal reorients perpendicular to the electrical field driven by its negative dielectric anisotropy. Upon exposure to UV light, the nonionic spiropyran isomerizes to the zwitterionic merocyanine form inducing electrohydrodynamic instabilities which turns the cell from transparent into highly scattering. The reverse isomerization to closed‐ring spiropyran form occurs thermally or under visible light, which stops the electrohydrodynamic instabilities and the cell becomes transparent again. It is demonstrated that the photoionic electrohydrodynamic instabilities can be used for light regulation. Local exposure, either to drive the electrohydrodynamics or to remove them enables the formation of colored images.
Ferromagnetic Nanoparticle–Assisted Polysulfide Trapping for Enhanced Lithium–Sulfur Batteries
Authors: Gao Zan , Schwab Yosyp , Zhang Yunya , Song Ningning , Li Xiaodong 
Published: April 2018

AbstractThe lithium–sulfur (Li–S) battery is a promising candidate for next‐generation high‐density energy storage devices because of its ultrahigh theoretical energy density and the natural abundance of sulfur. However, the practical performance of the sulfur cathode is plagued by fast capacity decay and poor cycle life, both of which can be attributed to the intrinsic dissolution/shuttling of lithium polysulfides. Here, a new built‐in magnetic field–enhanced polysulfide trapping mechanism is discovered by introducing ferromagnetic iron/iron carbide (Fe/Fe3C) nanoparticles with a graphene shell (Fe/Fe3C/graphene) onto a flexible activated cotton textile (ACT) fiber to prepare the ACT@Fe/Fe3C/graphene sulfur host. The novel trapping mechanism is demonstrated by significant differences in the diffusion behavior of polysulfides in a custom‐designed liquid cell compared to a pure ACT/S cathode. Furthermore, a cell assembled using the ACT@Fe/Fe3C/S cathode exhibits a high initial discharge capacity of ≈764 mAh g−1, excellent rate performance, and a remarkably long lifespan of 600 cycles using ACT@Fe/Fe3C/S (whereas only 100 cycles can be achieved using pure ACT/S). The new magnetic field–enhanced trapping mechanism provides not only novel insight but unveils new possibilities for mitigating the “shuttle effect” of polysulfides thereby promoting the practical applications of Li–S batteries.
Water‐Dispersible Polydopamine‐Coated Nanofibers for Stimulation of Neuronal Growth and Adhesion
Authors: Sieste Stefanie , Mack Thomas , Synatschke Christopher V. , Schilling Corinna , Meyer zu Reckendorf Christopher , Pendi Laura , Harvey Sean , Ruggeri Francesco S. , Knowles Tuomas P. J. , Meier Christoph , Ng David Y. W. , Weil Tanja , Knöll Bernd 
Published: April 2018

AbstractHybrid nanomaterials have shown great potential in regenerative medicine due to the unique opportunities to customize materials properties for effectively controlling cellular growth. The peptide nanofiber‐mediated auto‐oxidative polymerization of dopamine, resulting in stable aqueous dispersions of polydopamine‐coated peptide hybrid nanofibers, is demonstrated. The catechol residues of the polydopamine coating on the hybrid nanofibers are accessible and provide a platform for introducing functionalities in a pH‐responsive polymer analogous reaction, which is demonstrated using a boronic acid modified fluorophore. The resulting hybrid nanofibers exhibit attractive properties in their cellular interactions: they enhance neuronal cell adhesion, nerve fiber growth, and growth cone area, thus providing great potential in regenerative medicine. Furthermore, the facile modification by pH‐responsive supramolecular polymer analog reactions allows tailoring the functional properties of the hybrid nanofibers in a reversible fashion.
Porous Microrod Arrays Constructed by Carbon‐Confined NiCo@NiCoO2 Core@Shell Nanoparticles as Efficient Electrocatalysts for Oxygen Evolution
Authors: Xu Han , Shi Zi‐Xiao , Tong Ye‐Xiang , Li Gao‐Ren 
Published: April 2018

AbstractThe study of cost‐efficient and high‐performance electrocatalysts for oxygen evolution reaction (OER) has attracted much attention. Here, porous microrod arrays constructed by carbon‐confined NiCo@NiCoO2 core@shell nanoparticles (NiCo@NiCoO2/C PMRAs) are fabricated by the reductive carbonization of bimetallic (Ni, Co) metal–organic framework microrod arrays (denoted as NiCo‐MOF MRAs) and subsequent controlled oxidative calcination. They successfully combine the desired merits including large specific surface areas, high conductivity, and multiple electrocatalytic active sites for OER. In addition, the oxygen vacancies in NiCo@NiCoO2/C PMRAs significantly improve the conductivity of NiCoO2 and accelerate the kinetics of OER. The above advantages obviously enhance the electrocatalytic performance of NiCo@NiCoO2/C PMRAs. The experimental results demonstrate that the NiCo@NiCoO2/C PMRAs as electrocatalysts exhibit high catalytic activity, low overpotential, and high stability for OER in alkaline media. The strategy reported will open up a new route for the fabrication of porous bimetallic composite electrocatalysts derived from MOFs with controllable morphology for electrochemical energy conversion devices.
Magnetoactive Acoustic Metamaterials
Authors: Yu Kunhao , Fang Nicholas X. , Huang Guoliang , Wang Qiming 
Published: April 2018

AbstractAcoustic metamaterials with negative constitutive parameters (modulus and/or mass density) have shown great potential in diverse applications ranging from sonic cloaking, abnormal refraction and superlensing, to noise canceling. In conventional acoustic metamaterials, the negative constitutive parameters are engineered via tailored structures with fixed geometries; therefore, the relationships between constitutive parameters and acoustic frequencies are typically fixed to form a 2D phase space once the structures are fabricated. Here, by means of a model system of magnetoactive lattice structures, stimuli‐responsive acoustic metamaterials are demonstrated to be able to extend the 2D phase space to 3D through rapidly and repeatedly switching signs of constitutive parameters with remote magnetic fields. It is shown for the first time that effective modulus can be reversibly switched between positive and negative within controlled frequency regimes through lattice buckling modulated by theoretically predicted magnetic fields. The magnetically triggered negative‐modulus and cavity‐induced negative density are integrated to achieve flexible switching between single‐negative and double‐negative. This strategy opens promising avenues for remote, rapid, and reversible modulation of acoustic transportation, refraction, imaging, and focusing in subwavelength regimes.
Bioinspired Hydrogel Interferometer for Adaptive Coloration and Chemical Sensing
Authors: Qin Meng , Sun Mo , Bai Ruobing , Mao Yiqi , Qian Xiaoshi , Sikka Dipika , Zhao Yuan , Qi Hang Jerry , Suo Zhigang , He Ximin 
Published: April 2018

AbstractLiving organisms ubiquitously display colors that adapt to environmental changes, relying on the soft layer of cells or proteins. Adoption of soft materials into an artificial adaptive color system has promoted the development of material systems for environmental and health monitoring, anti‐counterfeiting, and stealth technologies. Here, a hydrogel interferometer based on a single hydrogel thin film covalently bonded to a reflective substrate is reported as a simple and universal adaptive color platform. Similar to the cell or protein soft layer of color‐changing animals, the soft hydrogel layer rapidly changes its thickness in response to external stimuli, resulting in instant color change. Such interference colors provide a visual and quantifiable means of revealing rich environmental metrics. Computational model is established and captures the key features of hydrogel stimuli‐responsive swelling, which elucidates the mechanism and design principle for the broad‐based platform. The single material–based platform has advantages of remarkable color uniformity, fast response, high robustness, and facile fabrication. Its versatility is demonstrated by diverse applications: a volatile‐vapor sensor with highly accurate quantitative detection, a colorimetric sensor array for multianalyte recognition, breath‐controlled information encryption, and a colorimetric humidity indicator. Portable and easy‐to‐use sensing systems are demonstrated with smartphone‐based colorimetric analysis.
Are rates of species diversification and body size evolution coupled in the ferns?
Authors: Testo Weston L. , Sundue Michael A. 
Published: April 2018

Premise of the StudyUnderstanding the relationship between phenotypic evolution and lineage diversification is a central goal of evolutionary biology. To extend our understanding of the role morphological evolution plays in the diversification of plants, we examined the relationship between leaf size evolution and lineage diversification across ferns.MethodsWe tested for an association between body size evolution and lineage diversification using a comparative phylogenetic approach that combined a time‐calibrated phylogeny and leaf size data set for 2654 fern species. Rates of leaf size change and lineage diversification were estimated usingBAMM, and rate correlations were performed for rates obtained for all families and individual species. Rates and patterns of rate–rate correlation were also analyzed separately for terrestrial and epiphytic taxa.Key ResultsWe find no significant correlation between rates of leaf area change and lineage diversification, nor was there a difference in this pattern when growth habit is considered. Our results are consistent with the findings of an earlier study that reported decoupled rates of body size evolution and diversification in the Polypodiaceae, but conflict with a recent study that reported a positive correlation between body size evolution and lineage diversification rates in the tree fern family Cyatheaceae.ConclusionsOur findings indicate that lineage diversification in ferns is largely decoupled from shifts in body size, in contrast to several other groups of organisms. Speciation in ferns appears to be primarily driven by hybridization and isolation along elevational gradients, rather than adaptive radiations featuring prominent morphological restructuring. The exceptional diversity of leaf morphologies in ferns appears to reflect a combination of ecophysiological constraints and adaptations that are not key innovations.
The impact of weather, road surface, time‐of‐day, and light conditions on severity of bicycle‐motor vehicle crash injuries
Authors: Asgarzadeh Morteza , Fischer Dorothee , Verma Santosh K. , Courtney Theodore K. , Christiani David C. 
Published: April 2018

BackgroundThis study examined whether environmental variables including weather, road surface, time‐of‐day, and light conditions were associated with the severity of injuries resulting from bicycle‐motor vehicle crashes.MethodsUsing log‐binomial regressions, we analyzed 113 470 police reports collected between 2000 and 2014 in four U.S. states with environmental and injury severity information. “Severe” injuries included fatal and incapacitating injuries, and “non‐severe” included non‐incapacitating, possible or no‐injuries.ResultsLight condition was significantly associated with the injury severity to the bicyclist with more severe injuries at dawn (RR = 1.62 [95%CI 1.35‐1.94]) and during darkness (both lighted and unlighted roads: 1.32 [1.24‐1.40], respectively, 1.57 [1.41‐1.76]) as compared to daylight. In these conditions of low visibility, risk was further increased during early morning hours before 7 am (1.61 [1.22‐2.13]).ConclusionsCrashes in low light conditions and during early morning hours are more likely to result in higher injury severity.