bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A Tail Structure Associated with a Protoplanetary Disk around SU Aurigae
Authors: Akiyama Eiji , Vorobyov Eduard I. , Baobabu Liu Hauyu , Dong Ruobing , de Leon Jerome , Liu Sheng-Yuan , Tamura Motohide 
Published: April 2019

Abstract
We present Atacama Large Millimeter/submillimeter Array observations of the CO (J = 2 − 1) line emission from a protoplanetary disk around T-Tauri star SU Aurigae (hereafter SU Aur). Previous observations in optical and near-infrared wavelengths find a unique structure in SU Aur. One of the highlights of the observational results is that an extended tail-like structure is associated with the disk, indicating mass transfer from or into the disk. Here we report the discovery of the counterpart of the tail-like structure in CO gas extending more than 1000 au long. Based on geometric and kinematic perspectives, both of the disk and the tail-like structure components physically connect to each other. Several theoretical studies predicted the observed tail-like structure via the following possible scenarios: (1) a gaseous stream from the molecular cloud remnant, (2) collision with a (sub)stellar intruder or a gaseous blob from the ambient cloud, and (3) ejection of a planetary or brown dwarf mass object due to gravitational instability via multibody gravitational interaction. Since the tail-like structures associated with the SU Aur disk are a new example following RW Aurigae, some disks may experience the internal or external interaction and drastically lose mass during disk evolution.
Constraining the Shape Distribution of Near-Earth Objects from Partial Light Curves
Authors: McNeill A. , Hora J. L. , Gustafsson A. , Trilling D. E. , Mommert M. 
Published: April 2019

Abstract
In the absence of dense photometry for a large population of near-Earth objects (NEOs), the best method of obtaining a shape distribution comes from sparse photometry and partial light curves. We have used 867 partial light curves obtained by Spitzer to determine a shape distribution for subkilometer NEOs. From this data we find a best-fit average elongation of

. We compare this result with a shape distribution obtained from 1869 NEOs in the same size range observed by Pan-STARRS 1 (PS1) and find the Spitzer-obtained elongation to be in excellent agreement with this PS1 value of

. These values are also in agreement with literature values for 1 < D < 10 km objects in the main asteroid belt, however, there is a size discrepancy between the two data sets. Using a smaller sample of NEOs in the size range of 1 < D < 5 km from PS1 data, we obtain an average axis ratio of b/a = 0.70 ± 0.12. This is more elongated than the shape distribution for main belt objects in the same size regime, although the current uncertainties are sizeable and this should be verified using a larger data set. As future large surveys come online it will be possible to observe smaller main belt asteroids to allow for better comparisons of different subkilometer populations.
Interpreting the Relation between the Gamma-Ray and Infrared Luminosities of Star-forming Galaxies
Authors: Zhang Yi , Peng Fang-Kun , Wang Xiang-Yu 
Published: April 2019

Abstract
It has been found that there is a quasi-linear scaling relationship between the gamma-ray luminosity in GeV energies and the total infrared luminosity of star-forming galaxies, i.e.,

with α ≃ 1. However, the origin of this linear slope is not well understood. Although extreme starburst galaxies can be regarded as calorimeters for hadronic cosmic-ray interaction and thus a quasi-linear scaling may hold, it may not be the case for low star formation rate (SFR) galaxies, as the majority of cosmic rays in these galaxies are expected to escape. We calculate the gamma-ray production efficiency in star-forming galaxies by considering realistic galaxy properties, such as the gas density and galactic wind velocity in star-forming galaxies. We find that the slope for the relation between gamma-ray luminosity and the infrared luminosity gets steeper for low infrared luminosity galaxies, i.e.,

, due to increasingly lower efficiency for the production of gamma-ray emission. We further find that the measured data of the gamma-ray luminosity is compatible with such a steepening. The steepening in the slope suggests that cosmic-ray escape is very important in low-SFR galaxies.
The Physical Nature of Neutral Hydrogen Intensity Structure
Authors: Clark S. E. , Peek J. E. G. , Miville-Deschênes M.-A. 
Published: April 2019

Abstract
We investigate the physical properties of structures seen in channel map observations of 21 cm neutral hydrogen (H i) emission. H i intensity maps display prominent linear structures that are well aligned with the ambient magnetic field in the diffuse interstellar medium (ISM). Some literature hold that these structures are “velocity caustics,” fluctuations imprinted by the turbulent velocity field, and are not three-dimensional density structures in the ISM. We test this hypothesis by stacking probes of the density field—broadband far-infrared (FIR) emission and the integrated H i column density (

)—at the locations of linear H i intensity structures. We find that the H i intensity features are real density structures and not velocity caustics. We generalize the investigation to all small-scale structure in H i channel maps and analyze this correlation as a function of velocity channel width, finding no measurable contribution from velocity caustics to the H i channel map emission. Further, we find that small-scale H i channel map structures have elevated FIR/

, implying that this emission originates from a colder, denser phase of the ISM than the surrounding material. The data are consistent with a multiphase diffuse ISM in which small-scale structures in narrow H i channel maps are preferentially cold neutral medium (CNM) that is anisotropically distributed and aligned with the local magnetic field. The shallow spatial power spectrum (SPS) of narrow H i channels is often attributed to velocity caustics. We conjecture instead that the small-scale structure and narrow line widths typical of CNM explain the observed relationship between the SPS and channel width.
Size Scaling of Clump Instabilities in Turbulent, Feedback-regulated Disks
Authors: Ali Kamran , Obreschkow Danail , Wang Liang , Fisher Deanne B. , Glazebrook Karl , Damjanov Ivana , Abraham Roberto G. , Wisnioski Emily 
Published: April 2019

Abstract
We explore the scaling between the size of star-forming clumps and rotational support in massively star-forming galactic disks. The analysis relies on simulations of a clumpy galaxy at z = 2 and the observed DYnamics of Newly Assembled Massive Objects (DYNAMO) sample of rare clumpy analogs at z ≈ 0.1 to test a predictive clump size scaling proposed by Fisher et al. in the context of the violent disk instability (VDI) theory. We here determine the clump sizes using a recently presented two-point estimator, which is robust against resolution/noise effects, hierarchical clump substructure, clump–clump overlap and other galactic substructure. After verifying Fisher’s clump scaling relation for the DYNAMO observations, we explore whether this relation remains characteristic of the VDI theory, even if realistic physical processes, such as local asymmetries and stellar feedback, are included in the model. To this end, we rely on hydrodynamic zoom-simulations of a Milky Way-mass galaxy with four different feedback prescriptions. We find that, during its marginally stable epoch at z = 2, this mock galaxy falls on the clump scaling relation, although its position on this relation depends on the feedback model. This finding implies that Toomre-like stability considerations approximately apply to large (∼kpc) instabilities in marginally stable turbulent disks, irrespective of the feedback model, but also emphasizes that the global clump distribution of a turbulent disk depends strongly on feedback.
Modeling Gamma-Ray Light Curves with More Realistic Pulsar Magnetospheres
Authors: Cao Gang , Yang Xiongbang 
Published: April 2019

Abstract
We study the gamma-ray emission patterns and light curves in dissipative pulsar magnetospheres. We produce the gamma-ray light curves by using the geometric method and the particle trajectory method. For the geometric method, assuming the gamma-ray emission originates in a finite-width layer along the last closed lines, we generate the gamma-ray light curves based on the uniform emissivity along the magnetic field lines in the comoving frame. For the particle trajectory method, we consider the spatial distribution of conductivity σ by assuming a very high conductivity within the light cylinder (LC) and a finite conductivity outside the LC. Assuming that all the γ-ray emission originates in the outer magnetosphere outside the LC, we generate the gamma-ray light curves by computing realistic particle trajectories and Lorentz factors, taking into account both the accelerating electric field and curvature radiation loss. Further, we compare the modeling light curves to the observed light curves at >0.1 GeV energies for the Vela pulsar. Our results show that the magnetosphere with the low σ value is preferred for the geometric method. However, the magnetosphere with a near force-free regime within the LC and a high σ value outside the LC is favored for the particle trajectory method. It is noted that the particle trajectory method uses the parallel electric fields that are self-consistent with the magnetic fields of the magnetosphere. We suggest that the results from the particle trajectory method are better supported on the physical ground.
Linking first lactation survival to milk yield and components and lactation persistency in Tunisian Holstein cows
Authors: Grayaa Marwa , Vanderick Sylvie , Rekik Boulbaba , Ben Gara Abderrahman , Hanzen Christian , Grayaa Siwar , Reis Mota Rodrigo , Hammami Hedi , Gengler Nicolas 
Published: April 2019

Abstract. Genetic parameters were estimated for first lactation survival defined as a binary trait (alive or dead to second calving) and the curve shape traits of milk yield, fat and protein percentages using information from 25 981 primiparous Tunisian Holsteins. For each trait, shape curves (i.e. peak lactation, persistency), level of production adjusted to 305 days in milk (DIMs) for total milk yield (TMY), and average fat (TF %) and protein (TP %) percentages were defined. Variance components were estimated with a linear random regression model under three bivariate animal models. Production traits were modelled by fixed herd × test-day (TD) interaction effects, fixed classes of 25 DIMs × age of calving × season of calving interaction effects, fixed classes of pregnancy, random environment effects and random additive genetic effects. Survival was modelled by fixed herd × year of calving interaction effects and age of calving × season of calving interaction effects, random permanent environment effects, and random additive genetic effects. Heritability (h2) estimates were 0.03 (±0.01) for survival and 0.23 (±0.01), 0.31 (±0.01) and 0.31 (±0.01) for TMY, TF % and TP %, respectively. Genetic correlations between survival and TMY, TF % and TP % were 0.26 (±0.08), −0.24 (±0.06) and −0.13 (±0.06), respectively. Genetic correlations between survival and persistency for fat and protein percentages were −0.35 (±0.09) and −0.19 (±0.09), respectively. Cows that had higher persistencies for fat and protein percentages were more likely not to survive.
Optimal estimation method retrievals of stratospheric ozone profiles from a DIAL
Authors: Farhani Ghazal , Sica Robert J. , Godin-Beekmann Sophie , Haefele Alexander 
Published: April 2019

Abstract. This paper provides a detailed description of a first-principle
optimal estimation method (OEM) applied to ozone retrieval analysis
using differential absorption lidar (DIAL) measurements. The air density,
detector dead times, background coefficients, and lidar constants are
simultaneously retrieved along with ozone density profiles. Using an
averaging kernel, the OEM provides the vertical resolution of the retrieval
as a function of altitude. A maximum acceptable height at which the a
priori has a small contribution to the retrieval is calculated for each
profile as well. Moreover, a complete uncertainty budget including both
systematic and statistical uncertainties is given for each individual
retrieved profile. Long-term stratospheric DIAL ozone measurements have been
carried out at the Observatoire de Haute-Provence (OHP) since 1985. The OEM
is applied to three nights of measurements at OHP during an intensive ozone
campaign in July 2017 for which coincident lidar–ozonesonde measurements are
available. The retrieved ozone density profiles are in good agreement with
both traditional analysis and the ozonesonde measurements. For the three
nights of measurements, below 15 km the difference between the OEM and the
sonde profiles is less than 25 %, and at altitudes between 15 and 25 km the
difference is less than 10 %; the OEM can successfully catch many
variations in ozone, which are detected in the sonde profiles due to its
ability to adjust its vertical resolution as the signal varies. Above 25 km
the difference between the OEM and the sonde profiles does not exceed 20 %.
Le concept d’autonomie dans l’arrêt Carter c. Canada : Au-delà du libre-choix
Authors: Millaire Karine 
Published: April 2019

Quelle est la portée du droit à l’autonomie de la personne depuis l’arrêt Carter c. Canada ? L’arrêt a conclu que les dispositions du Code criminel qui prohibaient de façon absolue toute aide à mourir sont inconstitutionnelles en ce qu’elles portaient atteinte de façon injustifiée à l’article 7 de la Charte canadienne des droits et libertés. La présente contribution analyse le concept d’autonomie qui sous-tend les motifs de la Cour.
Dans un premier temps, les trois modèles théoriques d’« autonomie » reconnus en contexte biomédical et leurs fondements philosophiques seront décrits, à savoir l’autonomie idéale objective, l’autonomie idéale subjective et l’autonomie « non idéale » subjective (autrement qualifiée de « libre-choix »).
Dans un deuxième temps, nous démontrerons que le concept d’autonomie développé dans Carter possède une véritable portée normative substantive correspondant aux principes philosophiques identifiés. La définition du droit à la vie excluant un « droit à la mort » correspond à une norme universelle compatible avec un modèle d’autonomie idéale objective. Lorsque l’autonomie est saisie sous le prisme de l’atteinte au droit à la liberté, c’est alors le modèle de l’autonomie idéale subjective qui est retenu par les juges, lequel vise à permettre à un individu de se gouverner selon l’ensemble de ses valeurs et de ses convictions quant à la conduite générale de sa vie.
En définitive, nous concluons que le concept d’autonomie tel que consacré par l’arrêt Carter revêt une dimension normative dont le respect en pratique pourra — voire devra — justifier des exigences juridiques comme éthiques allant au-delà du simple « libre-choix ».
Expanding the Parameters of Participatory Public Law: A Democratic Right to Public Participation and the State’s Duty of Public Consultation
Authors: Liston Mary 
Published: April 2019

This article examines the potential for an improved and expanded democratic relationship between the state and its legal subjects in public law. In Part I, I synthesize several of the compatible features of liberal, civic republican, and deliberative democratic theories in order to advance a new framework for public law in Canada that grounds a right to public participation, and the state’s public consultation duties. The framework illustrates how liberalism, civic republicanism and deliberative democracy possess mutually beneficial effects for public law. This type of democratically-informed common law juridical relationship has not yet been achieved—the topic of Part II—but, in Part III, I employ two typical Canadian public law cases to highlight the nature of current limitations as a springboard to suggest that expanded participation rights are both immanent and possible in Canada. In Part IV, I argue that along with the framework from Part I, jurisprudential pieces are already in place to expand the parameters of participatory public law. Drawing on insights from other jurisdictions, current limitations and anxieties about this expansion can be mitigated or overcome. I then briefly consider two criticisms concerning the effect that more robust public participation requirements may have on courts and governments. Drawing on the theoretical framework presented in Part I, I conclude that an individual right to public participation combined with a general duty of public consultation is an essential legal requirement in modern rights-respecting democracies, such as Canada’s, which aspire to be deliberative, fair, and participatory.
Digitalización, monitorización y evaluación del impacto de la Economía Social. Análisis en el Tercer Sector de Acción Social español: el caso de Juntos por el Empleo
Authors: Valcárcel Dueñas Mercedes , Solórzano García Marta 
Published: April 2019

Durante los últimos años se han elaborado numerosos estudios sobre la necesidad de que las entidades del Tercer Sector de Acción Social (TSAS) desarrollen habilidades para comunicar y demostrar sus resultados y la eficiencia en el desempeño de su actividad. En este proceso, la monitorización y la evaluación se convierten en actividades claves para hacer partícipes a los distintos grupos de interés del impacto por ellas generado. Junto a esto, la sociedad ha vivido una evolución digital que ha generado cambios profundos en todos los ámbitos, grupos e individuos.Partiendo de un análisis realizado desde la teoría institucional y la teoría de la dependencia de recursos para poner en valor la importancia que adquiere este proceso dentro del contexto de los requerimientos de los financiadores y de los grupos de interés en general, planteamos la necesidad de identificar las nuevas herramientas digitales y formas de trabajo con las mismas que pueden apoyar la realización de la evaluación en las entidades del TSAS y que ésta sea de utilidad para el cumplimiento de la misión y los objetivos de las organizaciones. Analizamos el caso de Juntos por el Empleo, iniciativa promovida por la Fundacion Accenture junto a varias organizaciones sociales, empresas y administraciones públicas, cómo práctica de interés en la implementación de nuevas herramientas digitales que han facilitado el trabajo compartido de gestión y evaluación de sus proyectos sociales. El enfoque de impacto colectivo se descubre como una nueva forma, colaborativa y estructurada, necesaria para abordar los problemas a los que se enfrenta el TSAS.
The Most Cited Mesh Terms and Authors who Published Papers in Pubmed Central on the Topic of Medicine and Health Using Bibliometric Analyses
Authors: Chien Tsair-Wei , Wu Hing-Man , Wang Hsien-Yi , Chou Willy 
Published: April 2019

Aims: We visualized the current state of research on publication outputs and citations in the field of medicine and health to uncover topic burst and citations among medical subject headings (MeSH) clusters.
Study Design: A bibliometric analysis.
Place and duration of Study: Using Pubmed indexed articles to inspect the characteristics of topics on medicine and health since 1969.
Methodology: Selecting 156 abstracts, author names, countries, and MeSH terms on January 10, 2019, from Pubmed Central (PMC) based on the terms of medicine and health in the title since 1969, we applied the x-index and impact factor to evaluate author individual research achievements and compute MeSH bibliometric performances. The bootstrapping method was used to estimate the median and its 95% confidence intervals and make differences in metrics among MeSH clusters. The dominant nations were selected using the x-index to display on a dashboard. We programmed Microsoft Excel VBA routines to extract data. Google Maps and Pajek software were used for displaying graphical representations.
Results: We found that (1)the dominant countries/areas are the Unlited States, Taiwan, and Australia; (2) the author Grajales, Francisco Jose 3rd form Canada has the most cited metrics such as author IF=39.46 and x-index=6.28; (3)the MeSH terms of organization & administration, standards, and prevention & control gain the top three degree centralities among MeSH clusters; (4) No any differences in metrics were found among MeSH clusters; (5) the article(PMID= 24518354) with three MeSH term of delivery of health care, social media, and software and published in 2014 was cited most at least 62 times.
Conclusion: Social network analysis provides wide and deep insight into the relationships among MeSH terms. The MeSH weighted scheme and x-index were recommended to academics for computing MeSH citations in the future.
Estimation of Serum Lipid Profile and Its Correlation with Alveolar Bone Height in Chronic Periodontitis
Authors: Kamble Avadhut , Motwani Mukta , Shah Naman 
Published: April 2019

Aim: Numerous studies have been previously carried out to find out any correlation between lipid profile and periodontitis but existence of an association does not establish whether periodontitis causes an elevation in serum lipid level or elevation in serum lipid profile predispose to periodontitis. The aim of the present study was to find any significant correlation between HDL, LDL, VLDL and cholesterol with periodontitis.
Material and Methods: 100 patients with chronic periodontitis (group I) and 50 healthy patients (group II) were selected. The levels of serum lipid, including HDL, LDL, VLDL, and TOTAL CHOLESTEROL along with fasting blood glucose were assessed. The relationship between severity of periodontitis based on clinical and radiographic finding with serum lipid correlated. Results: There was no significant difference found between mean values of total cholesterol, LDL and VLDL among study and control group. Only HDL showed a highly significant difference (p< 0.00) between healthy and patient with chronic periodontitis.
Conclusion: Estimation of serum lipid profile, especially HDL levels in subjects with periodontitis can be considered as a screening method for early diagnosis of atherosclerosis to avoid further progression of cardiovascular changes in early age of the life.
Optimized Bioactive Glass: the Quest for the Bony Graft
Authors: Granel Henri , Bossard Cédric , Nucke Lisa , Wauquier Fabien , Rochefort Gael Y. , Guicheux Jérôme , Jallot Edouard , Lao Jonathan , Wittrant Yohann 
Published: April 2019

AbstractTechnological advances have provided surgeons with a wide range of biomaterials. Yet improvements are still to be made, especially for large bone defect treatment. Biomaterial scaffolds represent a promising alternative to autologous bone grafts but in spite of the numerous studies carried out on this subject, no biomaterial scaffold is yet completely satisfying. Bioactive glass (BAG) presents many qualifying characteristics but they are brittle and their combination with a plastic polymer appears essential to overcome this drawback. Recent advances have allowed the synthesis of organic–inorganic hybrid scaffolds combining the osteogenic properties of BAG and the plastic characteristics of polymers. Such biomaterials can now be obtained at room temperature allowing organic doping of the glass/polymer network for a homogeneous delivery of the doping agent. Despite these new avenues, further studies are required to highlight the biological properties of these materials and particularly their behavior once implanted in vivo. This review focuses on BAG with a particular interest in their combination with polymers to form organic–inorganic hybrids for the design of innovative graft strategies.