bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Erweiterte Spenderkriterien (ECD) bei allogener Nierentransplantation
Authors: Matevossian Edouard , Dorian Andrade , Aßfalg Volker , Thorban Stefan 
Published: October 2019

ZUSAMMENFASSUNGDie Nierentransplantation stellt heute – mehr als ein halbes Jahrhundert nach ihrer Einführung in die klinische Behandlung – ein etabliertes und sicheres Therapieverfahren mit guten Langzeitergebnissen dar. Sie führt im Vergleich zur Dialyse zu einer Verbesserung der Lebensqualität und Reduktion der Mortalität. Das Patienten- und Transplantatüberleben konnten in den letzten Jahrzehnten stetig verbessert werden. Das 5-Jahres-Transplantatüberleben nach Nierentransplantation beträgt nach postmortaler Spende 74 % bzw. nach Lebendspende 86 % 1. Demgegenüber steht aber ein zunehmender Mangel an Spenderorganen, der in Deutschland und im gesamten Eurotransplant-Bereich zu einer zunehmend offensiven Nutzung von Organangeboten mit sogenannten erweiterten Spenderkriterien (ECD: „extended criteria donor“) geführt hat. Im Vergleich zu Standardkriterien für Spendernieren („standard criteria donor“) sind ECD-Nieren mit einem bis zu 2-fach erhöhten Risiko für eine verzögerte Transplantatfunktion, akute Abstoßung und einen Transplantatverlust verbunden. Voraussetzungen für eine langfristig erfolgreiche Transplantation der ECD-Transplantate waren und sind v. a. grundlegende Kenntnisse der Immunologie zur Vermeidung von Abstoßungsreaktionen.
Measurement of Ejection Fraction by Cardiac Magnetic Resonance Imaging and Echocardiography to Monitor Doxorubicin-Induced Cardiotoxicity
Authors: Tak Tahir , Jaekel Camilla M. , Gharacholou Shahyar M. , Dworak Marshall W. , Marshall Scott A. 
Published: October 2019

AbstractDoxorubicin is a standard treatment option for breast cancer, lymphoma, and leukemia, but its benefits are limited by its potential for cardiotoxicity. The primary objective of this study was to compare cardiac magnetic resonance imaging (CMRI) versus echocardiography (ECHO) to detect a reduction in left ventricular ejection function, suggestive of doxorubicin cardiotoxicity. We studied eligible patients who were 18 years or older, who had breast cancer or lymphoma, and who were offered treatment with doxorubicin with curative intent dosing of 240 to 300 mg/m2 body surface area between March 1, 2009 and October 31, 2013. Patients underwent baseline CMRI and ECHO. Both imaging studies were repeated after four cycles of treatment. Ejection fraction (EF) calculated by both methods was compared and analyzed with the inferential statistical Student's t test. Twenty-eight eligible patients were enrolled. Two patients stopped participating in the study before undergoing baseline CMRI; 26 patients underwent baseline ECHO and CMRI. Eight of those 26 patients declined posttreatment studies, so the final study population was 18 patients. There was a significant difference in EF pre- and posttreatment in the CMRI group (p = 0.009) versus the ECHO group that showed no significant differences in EF (p = NS). It appears that CMRI is superior to ECHO for detecting doxorubicin-induced reductions in cardiac systolic function. However, ECHO is less expensive and more convenient for patients because of its noninvasive character and bedside practicality. A larger study is needed to confirm these findings.
Cl- channels regulate lipid droplet formation via Rab8a expression during adipocyte differentiation
Authors: Ouchi Kanae , Yoshie Susumu , Miyake Masao , Hazama Akihiro 
Published: October 2019

ABSTRACT
Several studies have shown that Cl− channels regulate the differentiation of some cell types. Thus, we investigated the role of Cl− channels on adipocyte differentiation using adipose tissue-derived stem cells (ASCs) and Cl− channel blocker. We induced rabbit ASCs into adipocytes using Cl− channel blocker. The expression levels of adipocyte markers were no significant difference between the cells treated with a Cl− channel blocker NPPB and untreated cells. However, when the cells were treated with NPPB, lipid droplets (LDs) sizes decreased compared with the untreated control. Interestingly, the expression levels of Rab8a, which is known as a regulator of LD fusion, were also decreased in the cells treated with NPPB. Other Cl− channel blockers, DIDS and IAA-94, also inhibited large LDs formation and Rab8a expression. These results demonstrate that Cl− channels do not regulate the adipocyte differentiation, but do regulate the LDs formation via Rab8a expression.
Abbreviations: ASCs: adipose tissue-derived stem cells; LDs: lipid droplets; RUNX2: runt-related transcription factor 2; CFTR: cystic fibrosis transmembrane conductance regulator; TG: triacylglycerol; FA: fatty acid; GLUT4: glucose transporter type 4; ER: endoplasmic reticulum; ADRP: adipose differentiation-related protein; TIP47: tail-interacting protein of 47 kD; HSL: hormone sensitive lipase; PBS: phosphate-buffered saline; DMEM: Dulbecco’s modified Eagle Medium; FBS: fetal bovine serum; SMA: smooth muscle actin; FAS: fatty acid synthase; ZONAB: ZO-1 associated nucleic acid binding protein; PPAR-γ: peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-γ; C/EBPα: CCAAT/enhancer binding protein α; CE: cholesteryl ester; V-ATPase: vacuolar H+ ATPase.
Preparing single SiV− center in nanodiamonds for external, optical coupling with access to all degrees of freedom
Authors: Häußler Stefan , Hartung Lukas , Fehler Konstantin G , Antoniuk Lukas , Kulikova Liudmila F , Davydov Valery A , Agafonov Viatcheslav N , Jelezko Fedor , Kubanek Alexander 
Published: October 2019

Abstract
Optical coupling enables intermediate- and long-range interactions between distant quantum emitters. Such interaction may be the basic element in bottom-up approaches of coupled spin systems or for integrated quantum photonics and quantum plasmonics. Here, we prepare nanodiamonds carrying single, negatively-charged silicon-vacancy centers for evanescent optical coupling with access to all degrees of freedom by means of atomic force nanomanipulation. The color centers feature excellent optical properties, comparable to silicon-vacancy centers in bulk diamond, resulting in a resolvable fine structure splitting, a linewidth close to the Fourier-Transform limit under resonant excitation and a good polarization contrast. We determine the orbital relaxation time T
1 of the orbitally split ground states and show that all optical properties are conserved during translational nanomanipulation. Furthermore, we demonstrate the rotation of the nanodiamonds. In contrast to the translational operation, the rotation leads to a change in polarization contrast. We utilize the change in polarization contrast before and after nanomanipulation to determine the rotation angle. Finally, we evaluate the likelihood for indistinguishable, single photon emission of silicon-vacancy centers located in different nanodiamonds. Our work enables ideal evanescent, optical coupling of distant nanodiamonds containing silicon-vacancy centers with applications in the realization of quantum networks, quantum repeaters or complex quantum systems.
Chemoprophylaxis Vaccination: Phase I Study to Explore Stage-specific Immunity to Plasmodium falciparum in US Adults
Authors: Healy Sara A , Murphy Sean C , Hume Jen C C , Shelton Lisa , Kuntz Steve , Van Voorhis Wesley C , Moodie Zoe , Metch Barbara , Wang Ruobing , Silver-Brace Tiffany , Fishbaugher Matthew , Kennedy Mark , Finney Olivia C , Chaturvedi Richa , Marcsisin Sean R , Hobbs Charlotte V , Warner-Lubin Margaret , Talley Angela K , Wong-Madden Sharon , Stuart Ken , Wald Anna , Kappe Stefan H , Kublin James G , Duffy Patrick E 
Published: October 2019

Abstract

Background
Chemoprophylaxis vaccination with sporozoites (CVac) with chloroquine induces protection against a homologous Plasmodium falciparum sporozoite (PfSPZ) challenge, but whether blood-stage parasite exposure is required for protection remains unclear. Chloroquine suppresses and clears blood-stage parasitemia, while other antimalarial drugs, such as primaquine, act against liver-stage parasites. Here, we evaluated CVac regimens using primaquine and/or chloroquine as the partner drug to discern whether blood-stage parasite exposure impacts protection against homologous controlled human malaria infection.

Methods
In a Phase I, randomized, partial double-blind, placebo-controlled study of 36 malaria-naive adults, all CVac subjects received chloroquine prophylaxis and bites from 12–15 P. falciparum–infected mosquitoes (CVac-chloroquine arm) at 3 monthly iterations, and some received postexposure primaquine (CVac-primaquine/chloroquine arm). Drug control subjects received primaquine, chloroquine, and uninfected mosquito bites. After a chloroquine washout, subjects, including treatment-naive infectivity controls, underwent homologous, PfSPZ controlled human malaria infection and were monitored for parasitemia for 21 days.

Results
No serious adverse events occurred. During CVac, all but 1 subject in the study remained blood-smear negative, while only 1 subject (primaquine/chloroquine arm) remained polymerase chain reaction–negative. Upon challenge, compared to infectivity controls, 3/3 chloroquine arm subjects displayed delayed patent parasitemia (P = .01) but not sterile protection, while 3/11 primaquine/chloroquine subjects remained blood-smear negative.

Conclusions
CVac-primaquine/chloroquine is safe and induces sterile immunity to P. falciparum in some recipients, but a single 45 mg dose of primaquine postexposure does not completely prevent blood-stage parasitemia. Unlike previous studies, CVac-chloroquine did not produce sterile immunity.

Clinical Trials Registration
NCT01500980.
MRI radiomic features are associated with survival in melanoma brain metastases treated with immune checkpoint inhibitors
Authors: Bhatia Ankush , Birger Maxwell , Veeraraghavan Harini , Um Hyemin , Tixier Florent , McKenney Anna Sophia , Cugliari Marina , Caviasco Annalise , Bialczak Angelica , Malani Rachna , Flynn Jessica , Zhang Zhigang , Yang T Jonathan , Santomasso Bianca D , Shoushtari Alexander N , Young Robert J 
Published: October 2019

AbstractBackgroundMelanoma brain metastases historically portend a dismal prognosis, but recent advances in immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) have been associated with durable responses in some patients. There are no validated imaging biomarkers associated with outcomes in patients with melanoma brain metastases receiving ICIs. We hypothesized that radiomic analysis of magnetic resonance images (MRIs) could identify higher-order features associated with survival.MethodsBetween 2010 and 2019, we retrospectively reviewed patients with melanoma brain metastases who received ICI. After volumes of interest were drawn, several texture and edge descriptors, including first-order, Haralick, Gabor, Sobel, and Laplacian of Gaussian (LoG) features were extracted. Progression was determined using Response Assessment in Neuro-Oncology Brain Metastases. Univariate Cox regression was performed for each radiomic feature with adjustment for multiple comparisons followed by Lasso regression and multivariate analysis.ResultsEighty-eight patients with 196 total brain metastases were identified. Median age was 63.5 years (range, 19–91 y). Ninety percent of patients had Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group performance status of 0 or 1 and 35% had elevated lactate dehydrogenase. Sixty-three patients (72%) received ipilimumab, 11 patients (13%) received programmed cell death protein 1 blockade, and 14 patients (16%) received nivolumab plus ipilimumab. Multiple features were associated with increased overall survival (OS), and LoG edge features best explained the variation in outcome (hazard ratio: 0.68, P = 0.001). In multivariate analysis, a similar trend with LoG was seen, but no longer significant with OS. Findings were confirmed in an independent cohort.ConclusionHigher-order MRI radiomic features in patients with melanoma brain metastases receiving ICI were associated with a trend toward improved OS.
Discretionary policy and multiple equilibria in a new Keynesian model
Authors: Hahn Volker 
Published: October 2019

Abstract
We show that discretionary policymaking can lead to multiple rational-expectations equilibria where the central bank responds to inflation sentiments, which are driven by past endogenous variables but are unrelated to current economic fundamentals. Some of these equilibria have favourable consequences for welfare, resulting in outcomes superior even to those achieved under timeless-perspective commitment. Inflation sentiments also provide a novel explanation for the sizeable macroeconomic fluctuations in many countries in the 1970s. Compared to interest-rate rules violating the Taylor principle, our explanation has the advantage of providing a rationale for why central banks that are confronted with inefficiently large macroeconomic fluctuations may not be able to deviate to new policies with superior macroeconomic outcomes. Moreover, we show that our approach provides an alternative explanation for the high degree of inflation persistence found in the data.
DaxibotulinumtoxinA for Injection for the Treatment of Glabellar Lines: Results from Each of Two Multicenter, Randomized, Double-Blind, Placebo-Controlled, Phase 3 Studies (SAKURA 1 and SAKURA 2)
Authors: Carruthers Jean D. , Fagien Steve , Joseph John H. , Humphrey Shannon D. , Biesman Brian S. , Gallagher Conor J. , Liu Yan , Rubio Roman G. 
Published: October 2019

Background:
DaxibotulinumtoxinA for Injection (DAXI) is a novel botulinum toxin type A formulation in clinical development. A phase 2 dose-ranging study identified an optimal dose and demonstrated efficacy with a median duration of 24 weeks.

Methods:
In two phase 3, multicenter, randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled studies (SAKURA 1 and SAKURA 2), subjects with moderate or severe glabellar lines at maximum frown were assigned randomly to receive placebo or 40 U of DAXI. Glabellar lines were evaluated at least every 4 weeks for at least 24 weeks until severity returned to baseline (≤36 weeks).

Results:
Overall, 609 subjects were enrolled (DAXI, n = 405; placebo, n = 204). DAXI was significantly more effective than placebo in achieving the primary efficacy outcome (≥2-point improvement in glabellar line severity at maximum frown at week 4 according to both investigator and subject ratings): 73.6 percent versus 0.0 percent (SAKURA 1), and 74.0 percent versus 1.0 percent (SAKURA 2) (both p < 0.0001). Composite investigator and subject ratings of maximum frown after DAXI treatment showed that glabellar line severity of none or mild was maintained for a median of 24.0 weeks (SAKURA 1) and 23.9 weeks (SAKURA 2), and glabellar line severity did not return to baseline levels for a median of 27.7 and 26.0 weeks, respectively. DAXI was generally well tolerated, with the most common adverse events related to DAXI treatment being headache (SAKURA 1, 7.0 percent; SAKURA 2, 5.9 percent) and injection-site pain (5.0 percent and 2.4 percent, respectively).

Conclusions:
Results from both studies were highly consistent. DAXI may offer a prolonged duration of response (median, ≥24 weeks) and is generally well tolerated.

CLINICAL QUESTION/LEVEL OF EVIDENCE:
Therapeutic, I.
“Metabolic contest”, a new way to control carbon source preference
Authors: Allmann Stefan , Wargnies Marion , Cahoreau Edern , Biran Marc , Plazolles Nicolas , Morand Pauline , Pineda Erika , Kulyk Hanna , Asencio Corinne , Villafraz Oriana , Rivière Loïc , Tétaud Emmanuel , Rotureau Brice , Mourier Arnaud , Portais Jean-Charles , Bringaud Frédéric 
Published: October 2019

SUMMARYMicroorganisms must make the right choice for nutrient consumption to adapt to their changing environment. As a consequence, bacteria and yeasts have developed regulatory mechanisms involving nutrient sensing and signaling, allowing to redirect cell metabolism to maximize the consumption of an energy-efficient carbon source. Here, we report a new mechanism, named “metabolic contest”, for regulating the use of carbon sources without nutrient sensing and signaling. In contrast to most microorganisms, trypanosomes show a glycerol-to-glucose preference that depends on the combination of three conditions: (i) the sequestration of both metabolic pathways in the same subcellular compartment, here in the peroxisomal-like organelles named glycosomes; (ii) the competition for the same substrate, here ATP, with the first enzymatic step of the glycerol and glucose metabolic pathways being both ATP-dependent (glycerol kinase and hexokinase, respectively) and (iii) an unbalanced activity between the competing enzymes, here the glycerol kinase activity being ~80-fold higher than the hexokinase activity.
An innovative citation recommendation model for draft papers with varying degrees of information completeness
Authors: Chen Yen-Liang , Weng Cheng-Hsiung , Huang Cheng-Kui , Shih Duo-Jia 
Published: October 2019

Purpose
As researchers are writing a draft paper with incomplete structure or text, one of burdensome tasks is to deliberate about which references should be cited for one sentence or paragraph of this draft. In view of the rapid increase in the number of research papers, researchers desire to figure out a better way to do citation recommendations in developing their draft papers. The purpose of this paper is to propose citation recommendation algorithms that enable the acquisition of relevant citations for research papers that are still at the drafting stage. This study attempts to help researchers to select appropriate references among the vast amount of available papers and make draft papers complete in reference citation.

Design/methodology/approach
This study adopts a model for recommending citations for incomplete drafts. Four algorithms are proposed in this study. The first and second algorithms are unsupervised models, applying term frequency-inverse document frequency and WordNet technologies, respectively. The third and fourth algorithms are based on the second algorithm to integrate different weight adjustment strategies to improve performance.

Findings
The proposed recommendation method adopts three techniques, including using WordNet to transform vector and setting adjustment weights according to structural factors and the information completeness degree, to generate citation recommendation for incomplete drafts. The experiments show that all these three techniques can significantly improve the recommendation accuracy.

Originality/value
None of the methods employed in previous studies can recommend articles as references for incomplete drafts. This paper addresses the situation that a draft paper can be incomplete either in structure or text or both. Recommended references, however, can be still generated and inserted into any desired sentence of the draft paper.
Health-promoting initiatives in Saudi higher education
Authors: Alshehri Saad Zafir 
Published: October 2019

Purpose
The purpose of this paper is to understand if effective road safety education is being provided to students by embedding educational programmes within a curriculum framework.

Design/methodology/approach
A qualitative methodology was used to gain in-depth understanding of the health-promoting initiatives of Saudi Arabian universities and colleges in preventing risky driving behaviour among students. Interviews were used to collect data from 11 faculty members.

Findings
Results suggest that educational programmes for changing the risky driving behaviour of students are still in their infancy. The findings raise questions about road safety and driving. While initiatives are being taken for promoting awareness within educational institutions on road safety, there is still a lack of awareness of traffic regulations and signs.

Originality/value
Since there is a paucity of research on health promotions specifically related to aberrant and risky driving in the Kingdom, this paper adds value to educators and policy-makers.
Social media in crisis communication – the “do’s” and “don’ts”
Authors: Maal Maren , Wilson-North Mark 
Published: October 2019

Purpose
The use of social media in crisis communication is growing and spreading in an instantaneous speed. The social media technology enables immediate information sharing reaching millions of users on various social media platforms. This paper has gathered lessons learnt from the experiences of the Norfolk Fire and Rescue Service in the UK, the Oslo Police Operation Center in Norway, and from an extensive literature review on social media and crisis communication. This empirical and theoretical information was the basis of the 18 guidelines or “do’s” and “don’ts” on how to use social media in crisis communication. The purpose of this paper was to gather best practices that can help crisis managers when attempting to use social media as a crisis communication tool.

Design/methodology/approach
The paper had two cases with semi-structured interviews with representatives from two crisis management organizations (Norfolk Fire and Rescue Service in the UK dealing with safety and Oslo Police Operation Center in Norwa dealing with security). The empirical data were complemented by documentary analysis of the most up-to-date articles on social media in crisis communication.

Findings
The paper provides empirical insights about how to use social media as a crisis communication tool. The two case studies provide different ways to use social media (one-way communication tool and as a two-way information share). This empirical and theoretical information was the basis of the 18 guidelines or “do’s” and “don’ts” on how to use social media in crisis communication. The “do’s” and “don’ts” are best practices that can help crisis managers when attempting to use social media as a crisis communication tool. Some of the main “do’s” include building a relationship with the public prior to a crisis; being courteous, honest and transparent; being factual, accurate and credible; being timely in your messages during a crisis, etc. Some of the main “don’ts” include do not speculate; do not post personal opinions; do not post anything that could bring the organization into disrepute etc.

Research limitations/implications
Because of the chosen research approach with two case studies complemented by a literature review, the research results may lack generalizability. Therefore, researchers are encouraged to test the guidelines provided and to further find other case studies.

Practical implications
The guidelines including 18 “do’s” and “don’ts” are best practices that can help crisis managers when attempting to use social media as a crisis communication tool.

Originality/value
This paper fulfills an identified need to study how social media technology can play a major role in the response efforts of the crisis management community during a crisis. It also reveals the potential of using social media as an “information harvesting” tool and a tool for “rumor management”.