bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Assessment of knowledge of evidence‐based maternal and newborn care practices among midwives and nurses in six provinces in Indonesia
Authors: Sethi Reena , Tholandi Maya , Amelia Dwirani , Pedrana Alisa , Ahmed Saifuddin 
Published: February 2019

AbstractObjectiveTo investigate knowledge of obstetric and newborn care guidelines among midwives and nurses in Indonesia, whether knowledge differs between health centers (puskesmas) and hospitals, and factors associated with knowledge.MethodsCross‐sectional knowledge assessments of 409 health workers in 56 public and private health facilities across six provinces were conducted. Poisson regression models examined relationships between knowledge; health workers’ age; in‐service education about labor, delivery, or newborn care in the past 3 years; and supervision in the past 3 months.ResultsThe mean maternal care score among the 302 midwives for the 10 questions was 3.3 (standard deviation [SD]1.8). Hospital midwives performed slightly better than puskesmas midwives: 3.8 correct (confidence interval [CI], 3.43–4.19) vs 3.0 correct (CI, 2.77–3.26), which was a statistically significant difference. The mean knowledge score for three newborn care questions was 0.79 (SD 0.87). There was no statistically significant difference in scores between hospital workers and puskesmas providers (0.80 correct [CI, 0.64–1.00] vs 0.78 correct [CI, 0.67–0.92]). Receipt of supervision was not associated with maternal or newborn health knowledge scores.ConclusionsThere is a need to improve knowledge of maternal and newborn care guidelines among midwives and nurses in Indonesia.
Prenatal exposure to bisphenol‐A altered miRNA‐224 and protein expression of aromatase in ovarian granulosa cells concomitant with elevated serum estradiol levels in F1 adult offspring
Authors: Lite Christy , Ahmed Sheik S. S. J. , Santosh Winkins , Seetharaman Barathi 
Published: February 2019

AbstractThis study was aimed to predict bisphenol‐A (BPA)‐responsive miRNA's using an in silico approach and to study their expression in granulosa cells of animals exposed prenatally to BPA. Pregnant Wistar rats were exposed to BPA through water (25 μg/L, 250 μg/L, and 2.5 mg/L) during gestation. The expression of miRNA‐133b, miRNA‐378 and miRNA‐224 were analyzed in ovarian granulosa cells. BPA affected the postnatal developmental landmarks such as weight of the pups at birth and reduced anogenital distance. BPA exposed animals showed elevated serum estradiol (E2) levels, while follicle‐stimulating hormone levels were reduced. The expression of miRNA‐224 and aromatase protein levels were found to be increased. This preliminary finding reveals the impact of early life exposure to BPA on the long‐term ovarian functions that may be mediated through miRNA‐based granulosa cell response. Besides, it is also a compelling indicator for the subclinical response that could have important consequences on female fertility.
Real‐world study: Escalating targeted lipid‐lowering treatment with PCSK9‐inhibitors and lipoprotein apheresis
Authors: Spitthöver Ralf , Röseler Tilmann , Julius Ulrich , Heigl Franz , Schettler Volker J. J. , Kühn Ralf , Leebmann Josef , Raabe Andrea , Knittel Markus , Schürfeld Carsten , Moesenthin Michael , Bernhardt Wanja M. , Röseler Eberhard , Ketteler Markus , Heibges Andreas , Klingel Reinhard 
Published: February 2019

AbstractIntroductionProprotein convertase subtilisin/kexin type 9 (PCSK9) inhibition with monoclonal antibodies has complemented the armamentarium of lipid‐lowering therapy (LLT) before the final step of commencing chronic lipoprotein apheresis (LA). Data are scarce on patients who, after escalation of LLT with PCSK9 antibodies, have commenced chronic LA or PCSK9 antibody treatment during ongoing long‐term LA.Patients and MethodsIn this study, a cohort of 110 patients with established atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease (ASCVD) due to hypercholesterolemia or concomitant lipoprotein(a)‐hyperlipoproteinemia, who received PCSK9 antibodies for the first time during routine care, were consecutively identified.ResultsMean LDL‐C concentration prior to initiation of LA or PCSK9 antibody treatment was 5.3 ± 2.6 mmol/L (205 ± 102 mg/dL). Due to established ASCVD, the risk‐adjusted LDL‐C target value was <1.8 mmol/L (<70 mg/dL) in all patients. Use of PCSK9 antibodies increased the proportion of patients attaining the LDL‐C target concentration by 41.8% overall. Treatment emergent adverse events (TEAE) associated with PCSK9 antibody medication were reported in 35 patients (31.8%). Discontinuation of PCSK9 antibody therapy due to TEAEs occurred in 25 patients (22.7%).ConclusionFinally, 55.5% of patients received a combination of PCSK9 antibody therapy and LA at individually optimized treatment frequencies resulting in an increase of target attainment in 54.1% of patients. About 18.1% of chronic LA patients terminated LA treatment in this real‐world study. The termination of long‐term LA therapy, which has hitherto prevented the progression of ASCVD, requires careful individual risk assessment and cannot be recommended by the general criteria of LDL‐C reduction.
Handling suicidal crises in psychodynamic psychotherapy: A process case study
Authors: Bittencourt Aline Alvares , de Barcellos Eduarda Duarte , Serralta Fernanda Barcellos 
Published: February 2019

AbstractThe core characteristics of patients with a borderline personality disorder (BPD) affect the therapeutic relationship and frequently lead psychodynamic therapists to adapt interventions to manage crises. This study aims to increase knowledge of how such crises affect the therapeutic process. Using her therapist’s notes, combined with the Psychotherapy Process Q‐Set, we studied the therapeutic process of the first 44 therapy sessions of a female BPD patient with many depressive‐like symptoms, including a disruptive period that included hospitalization. We found marked differences between different phases of therapy (before a crisis, acute disorganization, hospitalization, and back to the consulting room). The analysis suggests that a crisis and hospitalization may occur without necessarily damaging the therapeutic process. The therapist’s ability to tolerate aggression, to explore and contain suicide wishes and behaviors, and to flexibly adapt techniques to patient needs, are among the therapeutic attitudes and behaviors that can help restore an effective psychodynamic process.
Integrative analysis of OIP5‐AS1/HUR1 to discover new potential biomarkers and therapeutic targets in multiple sclerosis
Authors: Gharesouran Jalal , Taheri Mohammad , Sayad Arezou , Mazdeh Mehrdokht , Omrani Mir Davood 
Published: February 2019

AbstractMultiple sclerosis (MS) is a devastating autoimmune disease of the central nervous system associated with demyelination and axonal injury. This study was designed to find potential lncRNAs and their targets that are associated with the molecular basis of MS pathogenesis. In this study, peripheral blood samples were obtained from 50 relapsing‐remitting MS (RR‐MS) patients and 50 healthy controls. lncRNAs and their target were selected for validation using TaqMan Real‐Time PCR. Interactions were studied based on approaches that used to investigation biological functions and signaling pathways affected by differentially expressed messenger RNAs (mRNAs). The results of this study indicate an increase in the expression of HUR1 (p = 0.0001), CPSF7 (p = 0.02), and reduction of CSTF2 expression (p = 0.04). Also, an increase in the expression of OIP5‐AS1 (p = 0.01) was observed in men less than 30 years old. We performed a comparative analysis of the long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs), and then we ranked them as candidate biomarkers according to a decreasing area under the receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve (AUC) and plotted the results. Dysregulation of lncRNA expression has been linked to diseases. Further studies on the HUR1 gene can be used as diagnostic tools for the identification of high‐risk individuals in families with a history of disease before, during, and even after treatment. Our data uncovered the expression profiles of lncRNAs and mRNAs in MS patients, which will help delineate the molecular mechanisms in MS pathogenesis. However, further studies need to determine the precise role of these genes in the pathological process in MS.
Design, Synthesis, and Anticancer Activity of Novel Benzothiazole Analogues
Authors: Hassan Aisha Y. , Sarg Marwa T. , Hussein Ebtehal M. 
Published: February 2019

On the pharmaceutical account of the reported anticancer activity of benzothiazole derivatives, differently substituted benzothiazole derivatives2a–cto34a,b, attached at 2‐position to different heterocyclic moieties, were synthesizedviadifferent chemical reactions. Thirteen of the newly synthesized compounds were selected by the National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, Maryland, USA, and evaluated for theirin vitroantitumor activity against 60 human tumor cell lines in a one‐dose screening panel among which two compounds4and17showed high activity and were selected for further evaluation in the five‐dose full panel assay, in which compound4exerted powerful growth inhibitory activity against all cell lines with GI50ranging from 0.683 to 4.66 μM/L in addition to excellent lethal activity against most of the cell lines.
Lower extremity work along with triceps surae structure and activation is altered with jumping after Achilles tendon repair
Authors: Zellers Jennifer A. , Marmon Adam R. , Ebrahimi Anahid , Grävare Silbernagel Karin 
Published: February 2019

ABSTRACTAchilles tendon rupture leads to long term plantar flexor deficits. The purpose of this study was to describe changes in jumping biomechanics along with triceps surae structure and activation in individuals after Achilles repair. Eleven individuals 1–3 years following Achilles repair and 10 healthy controls were included. Kinetics and kinematics, analyzed using a constituent lower extremity work (CLEW) approach, and muscle activity using surface electromyography (EMG) were collected during a unilateral hopping task. Triceps surae myotendinous structure was assessed using ultrasound imaging. There were no differences in jump height, absolute limb work, or cost of transport between groups. During takeoff, the knee did more (p < 0.001) and ankle did less concentric work (p < 0.001), and lateral gastrocnemius rate of rise was higher (p = 0.02) on the ruptured side. During landing, the knee did more eccentric work (p = 0.033) and lateral gastrocnemius (p = 0.003) and soleus (p = 0.02) activation amplitude prior to landing was higher on the ruptured side. Individuals after Achilles tendon repair shift work toward the knee and alter muscle recruitment. Differences in lateral gastrocnemius activity may indicate that it is well‐situated to generate power during takeoff and assist in landing with the soleus. The lack of change in muscle activity and decreased cross sectional area of the medial gastrocnemius may suggest that this muscle atrophies and does not accommodate to the hopping task. Clinical Significance: Proximal lower extremity strengthening along with emphasizing medial gastrocnemius and soleus activation during the recovery of patients with Achilles tendon repair may be rehabilitative targets for improved jumping performance. © 2019 Orthopaedic Research Society. Published by Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Orthop Res
Single injection of PTH improves osteoclastic parameters of remodeling at a stress fracture site in rats
Authors: Bakr Mahmoud M. , Kelly Wendy L. , Brunt Athena R. , Paterson Bradley C. , Massa Helen M. , Morrison Nigel A. , Forwood Mark R. 
Published: February 2019

ABSTRACTStress fractures (SFx) result from repetitive cyclical loading of bone. They are frequent athletic injuries and underlie atypical femoral fractures following long‐term bisphosphonate (BP) therapy. We investigated the effect of a single PTH injection on the healing of SFx in the rat ulna. SFx was induced in 120 female Wistar rats (300 ± 15 g) during a single loading session. A single PTH (8 µg.100g−1) or vehicle (VEH) saline injection was administered 24 h after loading. Rats were divided into four groups (n = 15) and ulnae were examined 1, 2, 6, or 10 weeks following SFx. Two Toluidine Blue and TRAP‐stained sections of the SFx were examined for histomorphometric analysis using Osteomeasure™ software. An increase in osteoclast number (N.Oc) and perimeter (Oc.Pm) was observed two weeks following PTH treatment (p < 0.01). At 6 weeks, bone formation was the main activity in BMUs. At 10 weeks, the proportion of healing along the SFx line remained 50% greater in PTH groups (p = 0.839), leading to a 43% reduction in the porosity area of BMU (p = 0.703). The main effect of time was a significant variable along the entire SFx remodeling cycle, with significant interactions between time and treatment type affecting (N.Oc) (p = 0.047) and (Oc.Pm) (p = 0.002). We conclude that a single PTH injection increases osteoclastogenesis by the second week of the remodeling cycle in a SFx in vivo. © 2019 Orthopaedic Research Society. Published by Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Orthop Res
What happens to in situ net soil nitrogen mineralization when nitrogen fertility changes?
Authors: Zou Congming , Grove John H. , Pearce Robert C. , Coyne Mark S. , Ren Ke 
Published: February 2019

AbstractDoes net soil nitrogen (N) mineralization change if N‐fertility management is suddenly altered? This study, conducted in a long‐term no‐tillage maize (Zea mays L.) fertility experiment (established 1970), evaluated how changing previous fertilizer N (PN) management influenced in situ net soil N mineralization (NSNM). Net soil N mineralization was measured by incubating undisturbed soil cores with anion and cation exchange resins. In each of three PN fertilizer application plots (0, 84, and 336 kg N ha−1), another three fertilizer application rates (0, 84, and 336 kg N ha−1) were imposed and considered the current fertilizer N (CN) management. Generally, PN‐336 (336 kg N ha−1) had significantly greater NSNM than PN‐0 (0 kg N ha−1) or PN‐84 (84 kg N ha−1), which reflected differences in soil organic‐C (SOC) and soil total‐N (STN). The three CN rates had no significant effect on NSNM when they were applied to PN‐0 or PN‐84, but CN‐336 (336 kg N ha−1) had significantly higher NSNM than CN‐0 (0 kg N ha−1) or CN‐84 (84 kg N ha−1) in the PN‐336 plots. The CN or “added N interaction” used the indigenous soil organic matter (SOM) pool and the added sufficient fertilizer N. Environmental factors, including precipitation and mean air temperature, explained the most variability in average daily soil N mineralization rate during each incubation period. Soil water content at each sampling day could also explain NSNM loss via potential denitrification. We conclude that “added N interaction” in the field condition was the combined effect of SOM and sufficient fertilizer N input.
Urbanization and tick parasitism in birds of coastal southeastern Virginia
Authors: Heller Erin L. , Gaff Holly D. , Brinkerhoff R. Jory , Walters Eric L. 
Published: February 2019

ABSTRACTOne of North America's major avian migratory pathways occurs along a large anthropogenically modified coastal region of southeastern Virginia, USA. Because hundreds of avian species migrate along the east coast of North America, understanding factors affecting birds and their health is of ecological and conservation interest. Within southeastern Virginia, 14 tick species have been documented, all of which may serve as vectors of vertebrate pathogens. We tested 5 hypotheses to understand how varying levels of urbanization within an urban matrix of a coastal region affected avian parasitism rates. We sampled resident and migratory birds for ticks across an urbanization gradient at 5 permanent and 6 ad hoc sites from August 2012 to August 2014 and determined parasitism rates at the landscape and site scales. At the landscape scale, the proportion of birds parasitized by ticks was reduced at more urbanized sites. Urbanized sites were largely associated with higher water and impervious surfaces in the surrounding area, which may have prevented dispersal of ticks or hosts to isolated urban locations, and lower tree cover, which likely reduced tick survival because of decreased leaf litter. At the site scale, properties associated with being on or near the ground (i.e., foraging guild and age) were the best predictors of tick parasitism. These findings demonstrate that the effects of urbanization are neither uniform nor straightforward. In addition to affecting avian species composition, anthropogenic changes to the landscape are affecting the relationship between avian hosts and their parasites, a finding that has important implications for avian conservation efforts and management practices. © 2019 The Wildlife Society.
Algal scavenging of mercury in preindustrial Arctic lakes
Authors: Outridge P. M. , Stern G. A. , Hamilton P. B. , Sanei H. 
Published: February 2019

AbstractThe geochemical speciation of total mercury (THg) was examined in pre‐1800 Arctic lake sediments to improve understanding of the factors controlling “natural baseline” THg. Solid‐phase binding forms of THg were determined by sequential extraction of dated cores from three lakes in different ecozones (barren tundra, grassy tundra, and boreal forest). Sediment organic matter (OM) was mostly of algal origin. Mercury was highly concentrated in the sediment OM fraction (OM‐Hg), comprising 60–87% of THg, while OM (as total organic carbon) constituted only 0.6–13% of sediment dry weight (DW). OM‐Hg concentrations were equivalent to 159 ± 13 to 776 ± 215 ng Hg g−1 DW in algal OM and were enriched 2–39 times compared to sediment THg, indicating that even small changes in algal OM inputs could significantly alter THg. OM‐Hg explained 76–96% of the variation in THg concentrations over many centuries. Concentrations of S2 carbon (an algal productivity proxy) and OM‐Hg were significantly correlated in two lakes but not in the boreal forest lake possibly because of OM remineralization in its deep water column. Fluxes of S2 carbon, OM‐Hg, and THg were highly correlated in the barren tundra lake but could not be calculated for the other lakes. The results overall indicate that high algal Hg concentrations due to scavenging of available Hg controlled OM‐Hg flux to sediments, thus driving changes in THg concentrations and fluxes. These findings improve our understanding of the long‐term stability of baseline THg in northern lakes under a changing climate, including in the modern era.
Intraspecific variation in a dominant prey species can bias marine predator dietary estimates derived from stable isotope analysis
Authors: Polito Michael J. , Trivelpiece Wayne Z. , Reiss Christian S. , Trivelpiece Susan G. , Hinke Jefferson T. , Patterson William P. , Emslie Steven D. 
Published: February 2019

AbstractIt is often assumed that variation in consumer stable isotope values (δ15N and δ13C) reflect shifts in diet between isotopically distinct prey species. However, an alternate hypothesis is that such variation could be as a result of spatial, temporal, or ontogenetic variation in the stable isotope values of a key prey species that propagate up marine food chains. In the Southern Ocean, Antarctic krill (Euphausia superba) occupy a key position, linking primary production to secondary consumers including fish, squid, seabirds, and marine mammals. As such Antarctic krill represent an ideal prey species to test the critical assumptions behind what has become a common method of dietary analysis in marine predators. Similar to previous studies, we found that stable isotope values of Antarctic krill exhibit significant intraspecific variation associated with both ontogenetic (size) and oceanographic factors (chlorophyll a concentration). Our modeling results showed that intraspecific variation in the stable isotope values of Antarctic krill has the potential to force mean isotope values of krill predators by as much as 2.4‰, independent of changes in the species composition of diet. Our findings indicate that intraspecific variation in the stable isotope values of a single, dominate prey species, such as Antarctic krill, has the potential to bias both absolute and relative estimates of marine predator diets using stable isotope mixing models. Therefore, caution is warranted to avoid spatial, temporal, and ontogenetic mismatches between the stable isotope values of prey sources used in mixing models and the actual stable isotope values of prey consumed by marine predators.
Randomized, double‐blind, phase III clinical study of a novel nanotechnological topical anesthetic formulation containing lidocaine 25 mg/g and prilocaine 25 mg/g (nanorap) in skin phototypes I–III patients with ablative fractional CO2 laser treatment indication in the forehead
Authors: Gobbato Cíntia , Gobbato André , Magalhães Tainah B. , Mendes Gustavo D. , Ilha Jaime O. , Moreno Ronilson A. , Antunes Natalícia J. , De Nucci Gilberto 
Published: February 2019

Background and ObjectivesNanotechnology may increase the speed of penetration into the skin. This study evaluated the efficacy, safety, and pharmacokinetics of a novel topical anesthetic nanocapsule formulation (2 g) containing 2.5% lidocaine and 2.5% prilocaine (nanorap—test formulation) compared to placebo (control formulation) in skin types I–III patients of both sexes submitted to the ablative fractional CO2 laser treatment.MethodsThe patients (n = 120) included in this double‐blind, single‐center, randomized trial, received topical application of 2 g of the test formulation (50 mg lidocaine + 50 mg prilocaine) and placebo on the forehead region. Efficacy was assessed as pain sensation in four quadrants of each side of the forehead using a visual analogue scale immediately (0 min) and at 30, 60, and 90 minutes after laser application compared to placebo. The safety and tolerability of the test product were evaluated based on the occurrence of systemic adverse events as well as the occurrence of immediate and late skin reactions. Pharmacokinetic evaluation was performed in plasma of eight patients using a validated LC‐MS/MS method for drugs quantification.ResultsNanorap induced a clinically significant reduction in the pain assessment at all evaluated times (57.2%, 41.6%, 38.6%, and 37.3% at 0, 30, 60, and 90 minutes after drug application, respectively. Mean values of Cmax were 14.20 and 5.36 ng/ml and tmax were 3.5 and 1.8 hour for lidocaine and prilocaine, respectively. No systemic adverse events were observed.ConclusionThe nanorap formulation demonstrated a clinically and statistically significant efficacy providing analgesia after the ablative fractional CO2 laser therapy in the investigated patients, when compared to placebo. The product also presented good safety and tolerability. Lasers Surg. Med. © 2019 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Near‐Infrared‐Induced Cationic Polymerization Initiated by Using Upconverting Nanoparticles and Titanocene
Authors: Li Zhiquan , Zhu Junzhe , Guan Xin , Liu Ren , Yagci Yusuf 
Published: February 2019

AbstractA new near‐infrared (NIR)‐sensitized photoinitiating system for free‐radical‐promoted cationic polymerization of oxirane and vinyl monomers such as cyclohexene oxide, and n‐butyl vinyl ether (BVE), and N‐vinyl carbazole (NVC) is described. A three‐component photoinitiating system consists of upconverting nanoparticles (UCNPs), titanium‐complex free radical photoinitiator (Irgacure 784, titanocene), and diphenyl iodonium hexafluorophosphate (Ph2I+PF6
−). Upon NIR laser irradiation at 980 nm, the radicals generated from titanocene by the visible light emitted by UCNP abstract hydrogen or add to the monomer, forming electron donor radicals that can be oxidized by iodonium salt to initiate cationic polymerization.