bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A recyclable Ru(CO)Cl(H)(PPh3)3/PEG catalytic system for regio‐ and stereoselective hydroboration of terminal and internal alkynes
Authors: Szyling Jakub , Franczyk Adrian , Stefanowska Kinga , Walkowiak Jędrzej 
Published: June 2018

AbstractThis paper reports on the first repetitive batch selective hydroboration of terminal and internal alkynes in a series of poly(ethylene glycols) (PEGs), used as solvents and media for the immobilization of a Ru(CO)Cl(H)(PPh3)3 catalyst. The system based on 2 mol% of Ru−H complex and poly(ethylene glycol) with α‐methyl/ω‐trimethylsilyl ending groups (Mw=2000) was found to be the most efficient, and was able to carry out over 19 complete runs with the Z‐addition of pinacolborane to the phenylacetylene. With the use of one portion of the developed catalytic system, the hydroboration of five different alkynes was performed consecutively, and led to five different products being obtained with high yields and purities. The developed strategy was characterized by high TON values and it was found to be the best recyclable protocol, leading to alkenyl boronates in all reported cases.magnified image
Ligand‐Controlled Palladium(II)‐Catalyzed Regiodivergent Carbonylation of Alkynes: Syntheses of Indolo[3,2‐c]coumarins and Benzofuro[3,2‐c]quinolinones
Authors: Ding Dong , Zhu Guohao , Jiang Xuefeng 
Published: May 2018

AbstractRegiodivergent syntheses of indolo[3,2‐c]coumarins and benzofuro[3,2‐c]quinolinones through a controllable palladium(II)‐catalyzed carbonylative cyclization are established. The chemo‐ and regioselectivity are exclusively tuned by the ligand on the palladium catalyst. The rigid framework of the electron‐deficient ligand promotes the O‐attack/N‐carbonylation cyclization leading to benzofuro[3,2‐c]quinolinones, while a sterically bulky and electron‐rich ligand facilitates N‐attack/O‐carbonylation cyclization to generate indolo[3,2‐c]coumarins. Furthermore, various other nucleophiles are applicable for delivering a variety of indoloquinolinones, pyranoquinolones, and chromeno[3,4‐c]quinolinones in one step, and serves as a method for creating compound libraries for drug discovery.
Tetrabromtetraazapentacen: erhöhte Elektronenbeweglichkeit
Authors: Reiss Hilmar , Ji Lei , Han Jie , Koser Silke , Tverskoy Olena , Freudenberg Jan , Hinkel Felix , Moos Michael , Friedrich Alexandra , Krummenacher Ivo , Lambert Christoph , Braunschweig Holger , Dreuw Andreas , Marder Todd B. , Bunz Uwe H. F. 
Published: May 2018

AbstractEin TIPS‐ethinyl‐substituiertes Diamin wurde mit in situ erhaltenem 4,5‐Dibrom‐ortho‐chinon in einer Cyclokondensation zu Tetrabromtetraazapentacen (BrTAP) umgesetzt. BrTAP ist leicht zu seinem luftstabilen kristallinen Radikalanion zu reduzieren; in Dünnschichttransistoren erreicht BrTAP Elektronenbeweglichkeiten von >0.56 cm2 V−1 s−1.
Main‐chain benzoxazine oligomers: Effects of molecular weight on the thermal, mechanical, and viscoelastic properties
Authors: Ručigaj Aleš , Štirn Žiga , Šebenik Urška , Krajnc Matjaž 
Published: May 2018

ABSTRACTWith the intent to study materials processing properties during the curing process, oligomeric benzoxazines of different molecular weight and distribution were obtained from 4‐tert‐butylphenol, bisphenol A, 4,4′‐diaminodiphenylmethane and paraformaldehyde by varying the amounts of phenolic compounds. Average molecular weight and distribution of prepared mixtures of polybenzoxazine precursors were determined by gel permeation chromatography analysis. By knowing the molecular weight distribution of prepared mixtures of polybenzoxazine precursors its effect on thermal, mechanical, and viscoelastic properties of the resin during processing and polymerization could be investigated. Mixtures of polybenzoxazine precursors of higher average molecular weight and broader molecular weight distribution displayed faster curing, lower curing conversions, and higher crosslinking densities of cured resins leading to polybenzoxazines with improved properties. This investigation was oriented towards the material processing aspects with the focus on the effect of molecular weights and viscoelastic properties of starting materials on the proceeding of the curing, including changes in material properties, and sample molding. © 2018 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Appl. Polym. Sci. 2018, 135, 46659.
Chelating Bis(N‐Heterocyclic Carbene) Palladium‐Catalyzed Reactions
Authors: Liu Ji‐Quan , Gou Xing‐Xing , Han Ying‐Feng 
Published: June 2018

AbstractN‐Heterocyclic carbenes (NHCs) have been widely employed in the construction of various metal complexes and applied in the field of catalysis. In this review, a series of palladium complexes comprising chelating bis(NHC) donors (Pd–bis(NHC) complexes) are outlined according to their application in homogeneous catalysis. Examples of metal–organic frameworks containing Pd–bis(NHC) moieties are briefly discussed, in terms of their use in heterogeneous catalysis. The catalytic applications of Pd–bis(NHC) complexes (or moieties in heterogeneous catalysts) are mainly focused on the Mizoroki–Heck, Suzuki–Miyaura, and Sonogashira coupling reactions. Another 14 types of reactions are also summarized beyond these three types of reactions.
Stimuli‐Responsive Metallogels for Synthesizing Ag Nanoparticles and Sensing Hazardous Gases
Authors: Biswas Protap , Ganguly Sumi , Dastidar Parthasarathi 
Published: June 2018

AbstractA newly synthesized bis‐pyridyl ligand having a diphenyl ether backbone (LP6) displayed the ability to form crystalline coordination polymers (CP1‐CP6) which were fully characterized by single crystal X‐ray diffraction. Most of the resulting polymers were lattice‐occluded crystalline solids—a structural characteristic reminiscent to gels. The reactants of the coordination polymers produced metallogels in DMSO/water confirming the validity of the design principles with which the coordination polymers were synthesized. Some of the metallogels displayed material properties like in situ synthesis of Ag nanoparticles and stimuli‐responsive gel–sol transition including sensing hazardous gases like ammonia and hydrogen sulfide.
Observer‐Based H∞ Synchronization Control for Input and Output Time‐Delays Coronary Artery System
Authors: Zhao Zhanshan , Du Yanan , Zhang Jing , Sun Liankun 
Published: June 2018

AbstractThe paper investigates the observer‐based H∞ synchronization for coronary artery time‐delay system under the state immeasurement and external uncertainty. A Luenberger‐like state observer, the observation system, is designed to realize the state reconstruction of the master system. Based on the Lyapunov stability theory and Lyapunov‐Krasovskii functional (LKF), the observer‐based synchronization control condition is derived for a coronary artery system subjected to the external uncertainty bounded by L2 norm. By introducing the delay‐interval bounds and delay‐derivative limits in LKF, the time‐delays are handled by the delay‐range‐dependent strategy. The tighter upper bound of inequality can be obtained to reduce the conservation by employing further improved result of Jensen inequality and reciprocally convex approach. Furthermore, a decoupling technique is utilized to render the separate and simple controller and observer synthesis condition, which can be further solved by applying the cone complementary linearization approach respectively. Numerical simulations are listed to exhibit the effectiveness of the presented methodology.
The pharmacokinetics study of ginkgolide A, B and the effect of food on bioavailability after oral administration of ginkgolide extracts in beagle dogs
Authors: Aa Lixiang , Fei Fei , Tan Zhaoyi , Aa Jiye , Wang Guangji , Liu Changxiao 
Published: May 2018

AbstractGinkgolides are the primarily active components in Ginkgo products that are popular worldwide. However, few studies have evaluated the bioavailability of ginkgolides and the effects of food on it after oral administration of ginkgolides. In this article, pharmacokinetics and absolute bioavailability of the primary components in ginkgolide extracts were evaluated in beagle dogs. For the first time, we showed that the fed dogs had significantly increased area under the concentration–time curve and peak concentration relative to the fasted dogs based on the data from both the prototype form and total lactones of ginkgolide A (GA) and ginkgolide B (GB). In terms of the free form of the prototype ginkgolides, the absolute bioavailabilities of GA and GB were 34.8 and 5.2% in the fasted dogs, respectively, which significantly increased to an average of 78.6 and 17.0%, respectively, in the fed dogs. In terms of acidified total lactones, the absolute bioavailabilities of GA and GB were 7.5 and 14.5% in the fed dogs, and the percentages declined to 4.1 and 3.7% in the fasted dogs, respectively. It was suggested that administration of ginkgolides after meals could promote the in vivo exposure and the bioavailability of GA and GB, and hence potentially enhance therapeutic outcomes.
Rat astrocytes during anoxia: Secretome profile of cytokines and chemokines
Authors: Samy Zeinab Adel , Al‐Abdullah Lulwa , Turcani Marian , Craik James , Redzic Zoran 
Published: June 2018

AbstractIntroductionThe precise mechanisms of the inflammatory responses after cerebral ischemia in vivo are difficult to elucidate because of the complex nature of multiple series of interactions between cells and molecules. This study explored temporal patterns of secretion of 30 cytokines and chemokines from Sprague Dawley rat astrocytes in primary culture in order to elucidate signaling pathways that are triggered by astrocytes during anoxia.MethodsPrimary cultures of rat brain astrocytes were incubated for periods of 2–24 hr in the absence of oxygen (anoxia) or under normal partial pressure of oxygen (controls). Simultaneous detection of 29 cytokines and chemokines in the samples was performed using a rat cytokine array panel, while the temporal pattern of angiopoietin‐1 (Ang‐1) secretion was determined separately using ELISA. Wilcoxon–Mann–Whitney test was used to compare normoxic and anoxic samples and the Hodge–Lehman estimator with exact 95% confidence intervals was computed to assess the size of differences in cytokine secretion. The obtained data were imported into the Core Analysis tool of Ingenuity Pathways Analysis software in order to relate changes in secretion of cytokines and chemokines from astrocytes during anoxia to potential molecular signal networks.ResultsWith the exception of Ang‐1, concentrations of all cytokines/chemokines in samples collected after anoxia exposure were either the same, or higher, than in control groups. No clear pattern of changes could be established for groups of cytokines with similar effects (i.e., pro‐ or anti‐inflammatory cytokines). The pattern of changes in cytokine secretion during anoxia was associated with the HIF‐1α‐mediated response, as well as cytokines IL‐1β and cathepsin S pathways, which are related to initiation of inflammation and antigen presentation, respectively, and to ciliary neurotrophic factor.ConclusionsThese in vitro findings suggest that astrocytes may play a role in triggering inflammation during anoxia/ischemia of the brain.
Acceptability of the Winangay Kinship Carer Assessment Tool
Authors: Blacklock Aunty Sue , Meiksans Jenna , Bonser Gillian , Hayden Paula , Menzies Karen , Arney Fiona 
Published: May 2018

There is an urgent need for culturally appropriate ways of assessing Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander kinship carers for Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander children entering into out‐of‐home care in the Australian statutory child protection system. The Winangay Aboriginal Kinship Carer Assessment Tool (the Winangay Tool) has been developed to address this need. A key factor in the success of new ways of working is the fit of the new practice within the context in which it is introduced.The aim of this study was to evaluate the social and cultural acceptability of the Winangay Tool to practitioners responsible for assessing kinship carers.‘Evaluate[s] the social and cultural acceptability of the Winangay Kinship Carer Assessment Tool to practitioners responsible for assessing kinship carers’A total of 84 practitioners completed a questionnaire prior to training and 83 practitioners completed a questionnaire on completion of training in the use of the Winangay Tool. Responses on questionnaires completed pre‐ and post‐training in the Winangay Tool suggest a high level of acceptability to practitioners. Both Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander and non‐Aboriginal practitioners rated the Winangay Tool as culturally appropriate and acceptable overall, describing it as user‐friendly, collaborative and innovative.The favourability of the Winangay Tool to practitioners compared to their existing approach to assessment suggests that it is likely to be well endorsed and implemented by practitioners completing kinship carer assessments.Key Practitioner Messages

Preserving and enhancing the cultural identity of Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander children in care is fundamental to their wellbeing.
The Winangay Tool is designed to be a culturally appropriate method of assessment of Aboriginal kinship carers.
Aboriginal and non‐Aboriginal assessors rate the Winangay Tool highly on cultural acceptability and see it as an improvement on existing mainstream approaches or tools.
Physics‐based trajectory optimization with automatic time warping
Authors: Han Daseong , Noh Junyong , Shin Joseph S. 
Published: May 2018

AbstractThis paper presents a novel online model predictive control framework based on automatic time warping. In general, existing model predictive control frameworks employ reference motions with sampling time uniform and fixed. Unlike these, our framework allows to change the sampling time of a reference motion based on physics‐based simulation so that the character effectively responds to external forces unexpectedly applied to it. In order to do so, we formulate an optimal control problem, taking into account both optimal time warping and full‐body dynamics simultaneously. We adopt differential dynamic programming to produce an optimal control policy by solving the problem, which is used to compute the optimal feedback information for character motion and sampling time. We show the robustness of our framework to external perturbations through experiments. We also show the effectiveness of this framework for rhythmic motion synthesis.
Endothelial progenitor cells from aged subjects display decreased expression of sirtuin 1, angiogenic functions, and increased senescence
Authors: Kaur Impreet , Rawal Preety , Rohilla Sumati , Bhat Mohsin H. , Sharma Priyanka , Siddiqui Hamda , Kaur Savneet 
Published: May 2018

AbstractStudies have demonstrated that aging is associated with a substantial decline in numbers and angiogenic activity of endothelial progenitor cells (EPCs). In view of senescence being an important regulator of age‐related cell survival and function, in the current study, we correlated EPCs numbers and functions with their senescence status and mechanisms in young and elderly subjects. Healthy young subjects (n = 30, below 60 y) and old subjects (n = 30, equal to or above 60 y) participated in the study. Subjects had no significant disease or risk factors of disease and aging was the only risk factor in the aged subjects. Enumeration of CD34‐vegfr2 dual positive EPCs was performed. The ex vivo culture of EPCs was done to study colony formation, migration, and senescence‐associated beta‐galactosidase activity. The expression of cell cycle and senescence regulatory proteins including, p53, p21, and sirtuin 1 (SIRT1), a deacetylase protein was studied in cultured EPCs by RT‐PCR and immunofluorescence staining. In vivo proliferation, ex vivo colonies, migration, and secretory ability of EPCs was significantly higher in young subjects than that in elderly subjects. EPCs in old subjects showed enhanced senescence and decreased expression of SIRT1 in comparison to that observed in young subjects. An inhibition of SIRT1 in EPCs of young subjects led to significant increase in senescence and reduction of cell differentiation. The study suggests that EPCs have decreased proliferation and functions in aged subjects due to increased senescence which may be attributable to decreased expression of SIRT1.
A Ratiometric Fluorescent Probe for K+ in Water Based on a Phenylaza‐18‐Crown‐6 Lariat Ether
Authors: Schwarze Thomas , Riemer Janine , Holdt Hans‐Jürgen 
Published: June 2018

AbstractThis work presents two molecular fluorescent probes 1 and 2 for the selective determination of physiologically relevant K+ levels in water based on a highly K+/Na+ selective building block, the o‐(2‐methoxyethoxy)phenylaza‐18‐crown‐6 lariat ether unit. Fluorescent probe 1 showed a high K+‐induced fluorescence enhancement (FE) by a factor of 7.7 of the anthracenic emission and a dissociation constant (Kd) value of 38 mm in water. Further, for 2+K+, we observed a dual emission behavior at 405 and 505 nm. K+ increases the fluorescence intensity of 2 at 405 nm by a factor of approximately 4.6 and K+ decreases the fluorescence intensity at 505 nm by a factor of about 4.8. Fluorescent probe 2+K+ exhibited a Kd value of approximately 8 mm in Na+‐free solutions and in combined K+/Na+ solution a similar Kd value of about 9 mm was found, reflecting the high K+/Na+ selectivity of 2 in water. Therefore, 2 is a promising fluorescent tool to measure ratiometrically and selectively physiologically relevant K+ levels.
Cyclic Hexapeptide Mimics of the LEDGF Integrase Recognition Loop in Complex with HIV‐1 Integrase
Authors: Northfield Susan E. , Wielens Jerome , Headey Stephen J. , Williams‐Noonan Billy J. , Mulcair Mark , Scanlon Martin J. , Parker Michael W. , Thompson Philip E. , Chalmers David K. 
Published: June 2018

AbstractThe p75 splice variant of lens epithelium‐derived growth factor (LEDGF) is a 75 kDa protein, which is recruited by the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) to tether the pre‐integration complex to the host chromatin and promote integration of proviral DNA into the host genome. We designed a series of small cyclic peptides that are structural mimics of the LEDGF binding domain, which interact with integrase as potential binding inhibitors. Herein we present the X‐ray crystal structures, NMR studies, SPR analysis, and conformational studies of four cyclic peptides bound to the HIV‐1 integrase core domain. Although the X‐ray studies show that the peptides closely mimic the LEDGF binding loop, the measured affinities of the peptides are in the low millimolar range. Computational analysis using conformational searching and free energy calculations suggest that the low affinity of the peptides is due to mismatch between the low‐energy solution and bound conformations.
Targeting of the Cystic Fibrosis Transmembrane Conductance Regulator (CFTR) Protein with a Technetium‐99m Imaging Probe
Authors: Ferreira Vera F. C. , Oliveira Bruno L. , Santos João D. , Correia João D. G. , Farinha Carlos M. , Mendes Filipa 
Published: June 2018

AbstractCystic fibrosis (CF) is caused by mutations in the gene that encodes the CF transmembrane conductance regulator (CFTR) protein. The most common mutation, F508del, leads to almost total absence of CFTR at the plasma membrane, a defect potentially corrected via drug‐based therapies. Herein, we report the first proof‐of‐principle study of a noninvasive imaging probe able to detect CFTR at the plasma membrane. We radiolabeled the CFTR inhibitor, CFTRinh‐172a, with technetium‐99m via a pyrazolyl‐diamine chelating unit, yielding a novel 99mTc(CO)3 complex. A non‐radioactive surrogate showed that the structural modifications introduced in the inhibitor did not affect its activity. The radioactive complex was able to detect plasma membrane CFTR, shown by its significantly higher uptake in wild‐type versus mutated cells. Furthermore, assessment of F508del CFTR pharmacological correction in human cells using the radioactive complex revealed differences in corrector versus control uptake, recapitulating the biochemical correction observed for the protein.
Chemotherapy dosing and toxicity in a patient with muscular dystrophy
Authors: Lomma Chris , Ransom David 
Published: June 2018

AbstractBackgroundChemotherapy dosing has traditionally been based on a body surface area (BSA) calculation despite BSA dosing being problematic in a number of conditions, such as renal failure, liver failure, obesity, and sarcopenia. This case highlights another condition in which BSA dosing is problematic.CaseA 57‐year‐old man with limb‐girdle muscular dystrophy presents with stage IIA inoperable squamous cell carcinoma of the lung. He is treated with chemotherapy and radiotherapy with curative intent but develops significant chemotherapy related toxicity affecting chemotherapy scheduling and dosing. Later, his cancer progresses, and he is commenced on palliative chemotherapy resulting in further significant chemotherapy toxicity.ConclusionSarcopenia is known to increase risk of chemotherapy toxicity. This case postulates that changes in muscle mass seen in muscular dystrophy increases risk of chemotherapy toxicity, similar to sarcopenia.
Platinum Nanostructure/Nitrogen‐Doped Carbon Hybrid: Enhancing its Base Media HER/HOR Activity through Bi‐functionality of the Catalyst
Authors: Kundu Manas Kumar , Bhowmik Tanmay , Mishra Ranjit , Barman Sudip 
Published: June 2018

AbstractThe design and synthesis of an active catalyst for the hydrogen evolution reaction/hydrogen oxidation reaction (HER/HOR) are important for the development of hydrogen‐based renewable technologies. The synthesis of a hybrid of platinum nanostructures and nitrogen‐doped carbon [Pt‐(PtOx)‐NSs/C] for HER/HOR applications is reported herein. The HER activity of this Pt‐(PtOx)‐NSs/C catalyst is 4 and 6.5 times better than that of commercial Pt/C in acids and bases, respectively. The catalyst exhibits a current density of 10 mA cm−2 at overpotentials of 5 and 51 mV, with Tafel slopes of 29 and 64 mV dec−1 in 0.5 m H2SO4 and 0.5 m KOH. This catalyst also showed superior HOR activity at all pH values. The HER/HOR activity of Pt‐(PtOx)‐NSs/C and PtOx‐free Pt‐nanostructures on carbon (PtNSs/C) catalysts are comparable in acid. The presence of PtOx in Pt‐(PtOx)‐NSs/C makes this Pt catalyst more HER/HOR‐active in basic media. The activity of the Pt‐(PtOx)‐NSs/C catalyst is fivefold higher than that of the PtNSs/C catalyst in basic medium, although their activity is comparable in acid. The hydrogen‐binding energy and oxophilicity are two equivalent descriptors for HER/HOR in basic media. A bifunctional mechanism for the enhanced alkaline HER/HOR activity of the Pt‐(PtOx)‐NSs/C catalyst is proposed. In the bifunctional Pt‐(PtOx)‐NSs/C catalyst, PtOx provides an active site for OH− adsorption to form OHads, which reacts with hydrogen intermediate (Hads), present at neighbouring Pt sites to form H2O; this leads to enhancement of the HOR activity in basic medium. This work may provide an opportunity to develop catalysts for various renewable‐energy technologies.