bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Functional roles of norCB in Pseudomonas aeruginosa ATCC 9027 under aerobic conditions
Authors: Zhou Gang , Wang Ying‐Si , Peng Hong , Shen Peng‐Fei , Xie Xiao‐Bao , Shi Qing‐Shan 
Published: September 2019

AbstractNitric oxide (NO) reductase (NorCB) of Pseudomonas aeruginosa is an essential enzyme that metabolizes NO and alleviates anaerobic NO toxicity during denitrification processes under anaerobic conditions. However, the molecular functions of norCB in the presence of oxygen are poorly understood. This study utilized norCB knockout from P. aeruginosa ATCC 9027 to analyze the resulting phenotypic changes of ΔnorCB in comparison to the wild‐type parental strain (WT) and the complementary strain (ΔnorCB‐com). The results demonstrated an increase in planktonic growth and biofilm formation by ΔnorCB compared to WT and ΔnorCB‐com in the presence of isothiazolones under aerobic conditions. Deletion of norCB led to increased swimming ability and decreased pyocyanin production. Inactivation of norCB also led to an increase of cellular H2O2 concentration due to decreased activity of its catalases. In addition, the deletion of norCB also influenced the relative expressions of several other genes, including norD, nirS, hmgA, and hpd. These findings provide preliminary evidence that norCB in P. aeruginosa plays an essential role in bacterial life process under aerobic conditions and improves the application of denitrification in the next step.
Investigating the Association Between Parental Absence and Developmental Trauma Disorder Symptoms
Authors: Zhang Yan , Zhang Jingqiu , Ding Cody 
Published: September 2019

AbstractThe importance of parent‐child relationships in social and emotional development is well established. The current study examined the vulnerability to developmental trauma disorder (DTD) symptoms for children who were left behind by their parents due to migration. Using samples from China, we investigated the change pattern of DTD symptoms with respect to scales for affect–physical dysregulation, self‐dysregulation, and behavioral dysregulation among left‐behind children in comparison to their peers. The results of a hierarchical linear model analysis indicated that there were no statistically significant differences in affect‐physical dysregulation, self‐dysregulation, or behavioral dysregulation between left‐behind children and their counterparts at age 13, ηp2 = .00–.013. However, DTD symptoms worsened over time for left‐behind children, with a larger mean score difference in DTD symptoms at 18 years of age, ηp2 = .24–.43. The results suggest a possible link between impaired caregiving systems and DTD symptoms. Early prevention efforts would benefit these children before they develop more serious psychosocial problems in the future.
Output Performance of U.S.-Built Backpack Electrofishers
Authors: Dean Jan C. , Temple Alan J. , Smith Jeremiah W. 
Published: September 2019

Abstract
Eight backpack electrofishers were subjected to maximum power output load tests over a wide range of resistances that equate to water conductivity. An electrical load corresponds to the power demand that is placed on a unit, and it is a function of applied voltage and electrical resistance. Electrofisher resistance is a function of its electrodes and of water conductivity. The models that were tested included the Aqua Shock Solutions AP1; the ETS Electrofishing Systems ABP-3 and ABP-4; the Midwest Lake Electrofishing Systems Infinity Xstream; and Smith-Root models LR-24, APEX, LR-20B, and Model 12. Power output was plotted versus resistance and versus equated water conductivity for multiple pulsed direct current duty cycles. According to our test results and working model, the units that can fish successfully in the lowest conductivity include the APEX and Xstream (14 μS/cm), closely followed by the LR-24 and LR-20B (16 μS/cm). The Xstream and the ABP-4 should fish successfully in the very highest water conductivity (2,800 μS/cm), followed by the AP1 (1,750 μS/cm) and the APEX and LR-24 (1,350 μS/cm). These conductivity estimates are based on fishing in normal depth with standard electrodes, using pulsed direct current with a 25% duty cycle. For standardized and quantitative fish sampling, we recommend backpack electrofishers with independent controls for voltage, frequency, and duty cycle (or pulse width), fine voltage control, and accurate peak metering for voltage and current.
Sodium Tungstate Supported on a Three‐dimensional and Networked SBA‐15 for Knoevenagel Reaction
Authors: Yang Hongyuan , Zhang Wei , Liu Qing 
Published: September 2019

AbstractSodium tungstate (ST) supported on a three‐dimensional and networked SBA‐15 (3D‐SBA‐15) was utilized as a novel efficient catalyst for the Knoevenagel condensation of aldehydes with active methylene compounds such as malononitrile and ethyl cyanoacetate to afford substituted olefins through the conventional magnetic stirring or under ultrasound irradiation. ST/3D‐SBA‐15 catalyst was prepared using an incipient wetness impregnation method and confirmed by series of characterizations such as Fourier‐transform infrared spectra (FT‐IR), scanning electron microscope (SEM), X‐ray diffraction (XRD), N2 adsorption‐desorption and inductively coupled plasma‐optical emission spectroscopy. The reaction proceeded smoothly under the both stirring and ultrasound‐assisted conditions at room temperature. The 30ST/3D‐SBA‐15 catalyst with 30 wt% loading of Na2WO4 showed the highest catalytic performance with excellent yield within short time, and improvements were observed by carrying out the reactions under ultrasound irradiation. In addition, the solvent effect was significant in this work, and the optimum solvent was ethanol and water with volume ratio of 1 : 1.
The SAPPHIRE criteria, history of myocardial infarction and diabetes predict adverse outcomes following carotid endarterectomy similar to stenting
Authors: Macharzina Roland Richard , Müller Carolin , Vogt Matthias , Messé Steven R. , Vach Werner , Winker Thomas , Weinbeck Michael , Siepe Matthias , Czerny Martin , Neumann Franz-Josef , Zeller Thomas 
Published: September 2019

Abstract

Aims
Identifying factors associated with worse outcome following carotid endarterectomy (CEA) is important to improve prevention of major adverse cardiovascular and cerebrovascular events (MACCE), yet rarely used for registries. We intended to identify predictors of MACCE following CEA as recently analysed for stenting.

Methods and results
Patients undergoing CEA at 2 centers over 13 years were entered into a database. Baseline clinical characteristics, procedural factors and a panel of clinical and lesion-related high-risk features (SHR) and exclusion criteria (SE), empirically compiled for stratification in the SAPPHIRE trial, were differentially analysed using Cox regressions. The analysis included 748 operations; 262 (35%) asymptomatic, 208 (28%) with previous strokes, and 278 (37%) with transient ischemic attacks (TIA). The overall 30-day MACCE rate was 6.7%, 5.0% in asymptomatic and 7.6% in symptomatic patients. Previous MI (HR 2.045, p = 0.022), diabetes (HR 2.111, p = 0.011) and symptomatic patients (HR 2.045, p = 0.044) were independently associated with MACCE. SE patients (n = 81) had a MACCE rate of 13.6%; the MACCE rate of the remainder dropped to 5.8% (4.7% in asymptomatic and 6.5% in symptomatic patients). Hazard ratio for SHR patients was 2.069 (CI 1.087–3.941) and 2.389 for SE (CI 1.223–4.666), each compared to all patients with lower risk and adjusted for symptomatic status. Among SHR and SE criteria NYHA 3–4, contralateral occlusions and intraluminal thrombus were significant determinants and MI < 4 weeks before CEA showed a strong trend (p = 0.05).

Conclusion
Patients identified by SHR and SE criteria, prior MI and diabetes warrant increased attention to prevent MACCE following CEA.

Graphic abstract
Role of monoamine-oxidase-A-gene variation in the development of glioblastoma in males: a case control study
Authors:   The Gliogene Group, Sjöberg Rickard L. , Wu Wendy Yi-Ying , Dahlin Anna M. , Tsavachidis Spiridon , Bondy Melissa L. , Melin Beatrice 
Published: September 2019

Abstract

Background
The Mono-amine oxidase-A (MAO-A) enzyme is involved in the degradation and regulation of catecholamines such as serotonin, dopamine, epinephrine and nor-epinephrine. Preclinical studies suggest that this enzyme may contribute to an environment favorable for growth of malignant glioma. The MAO-A gene is located on the X-chromosome and has at least one functional genetic polymorphism. The aim of the present study was to explore possible effects of MAO-A genotype on development of glioblastoma in males.

Methods
Genotypes for 437 glioma cases and 876 population-based controls from the Swedish Glioma International Case–Control study (GICC) were compared. We analyzed the germline DNA using the Illumina Oncoarray. We selected seven single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) located in the MAO-A gene, and imputed genotypes based on data from the 1000 genomes project. We used 1579 male glioblastoma cases and 1875 controls comprising the whole GICC cohort for subsequent validation of findings.

Results
The rs144551722 SNP was a significant predictor of development of glioblastoma in males (p-value = 0.0056) but not in females even after correction for multiple testing. We conducted haplotype analysis to confirm an association between MAO-A gene and risk of glioblastoma (p-value = 0.016). We found similar results in the validation sample.

Conclusions
These results suggest the possibility of a role for the MAO-A enzyme and the MAO-A gene in the development of glioblastoma in males.
An experimental investigation of asphaltene stability in heavy crude oil during carbon dioxide injection
Authors: Fakher Sherif , Ahdaya Mohamed , Elturki Mukhtar , Imqam Abdulmohsin 
Published: September 2019

AbstractCarbon dioxide (CO2) injection is one of the most applied enhanced oil recovery methods in the hydrocarbon industry, since it has the potential to increase oil recovery significantly and can help reduce greenhouse gases through carbon storage in hydrocarbon reservoirs. Carbon dioxide injection has a severe drawback, however, since it induces asphaltene precipitation by disrupting the asphaltene stability in crude oil that bears even the slightest asphaltene concentration. This can result in severe operational problems, such as reservoir pore plugging and wellbore plugging. This research investigates some of the main factors that impact asphaltene stability in crude oil during CO2injection. Initially, asphaltene precipitation, flocculation, and deposition were tested using visual tests without CO2in order to evaluate the effect of oil viscosity and temperature on asphaltene stability and content in the crude oil. The results obtained from the visualization experiments were correlated to the Yen–Mullins asphaltene model and were used to select the proper chemical to alter the oil’s viscosity without strongly affecting asphaltene stability. After performing the visual asphaltene tests, a specially designed filtration vessel was used to perform the oil filtration experiments using filter membranes with a micron and nanometer pore size. The effect of varying CO2injection pressure, oil viscosity, filter membrane pore size, and filter membrane thickness on asphaltene stability in crude oil was investigated. The results were then correlated with the Yen–Mullins asphaltene model to characterize the asphaltene size within the oil as well. Results showed that as the oil viscosity increased, the asphaltene concentration in the oil also increased. Also, the asphaltene concentration and filter cake thickness increased with the decrease in filter membrane pore size, since the asphaltene particles either plugged up the smaller pores, or the asphaltene nanoaggregates were larger than the pore sizes, and thus the majority of them could not pass. This research studies asphaltene instability in crude oil during CO2injection in different pore sizes, and correlates the results to the principle of the Yen–Mullins model for asphaltenes. The results from this research can help emphasize the factors that will impact asphaltene stability during CO2injection in different pore sizes in order to help reduce asphaltene-related problems that arise during CO2injection in hydrocarbon reservoirs.
Time-Dependent Graphs: Definitions, Applications, and Algorithms
Authors: Wang Yishu , Yuan Ye , Ma Yuliang , Wang Guoren 
Published: September 2019

AbstractA time-dependent graph is, informally speaking, a graph structure dynamically changes with time. In such graphs, the weights associated with edges dynamically change over time, that is, the edges in such graphs are activated by sequences of time-dependent elements. Many real-life scenarios can be better modeled by time-dependent graphs, such as bioinformatics networks, transportation networks, and social networks. In particular, the time-dependent graph is a very broad concept, which is reflected in the related research with many names, including temporal graphs, evolving graphs, time-varying graphs, historical graphs, and so on. Though static graphs have been extensively studied, for their time-dependent generalizations, we are still far from a complete and mature theory of models and algorithms. In this paper, we discuss the definition and topological structure of time-dependent graphs, as well as models for their relationship to dynamic systems. In addition, we review some classic problems on time-dependent graphs, e.g., route planning, social analysis, and subgraph problem (including matching and mining). We also introduce existing time-dependent systems and summarize their advantages and limitations. We try to keep the descriptions consistent as much as possible and we hope the survey can help practitioners to understand existing time-dependent techniques.
Correlation between cognitive impairment and retinal neural loss assessed by swept‐source optical coherence tomography in patients with mild cognitive impairment
Authors: Almeida Ana L.M. , Pires Leopoldo A. , Figueiredo Evelyn A. , Costa‐Cunha Luciana V.F. , Zacharias Leandro C. , Preti Rony C. , Monteiro Mário L.R. , Cunha Leonardo P. 
Published: September 2019

AbstractIntroductionWe compared peripapillary retinal nerve fiber layer and macular thickness measurements in patients with mild cognitive impairment (MCI) and control subjects using swept‐source optical coherence tomography (SS‐OCT). We also assessed the relationship between SS‐OCT measurements and the severity of cognitive impairment.MethodsPeripapillary retinal nerve fiber layer and macular thickness were measured in 23 patients and 24 control subjects using SS‐OCT. Cognitive status was assessed using the Mini‐Mental State Examination, the Montreal Cognitive Assessment, and the Pfeffer Questionnaire.ResultsMost inner retinal layer thickness parameters were significantly smaller in patients with MCI, especially macular ganglion cell complex thickness measurements. Mini‐Mental State Examination and Montreal Cognitive Assessment findings were significantly correlated with most macular thickness parameters.DiscussionThe SS‐OCT–measured inner retinal layers of patients with MCI displayed thinning, especially in the central macular area. SS‐OCT technology can provide useful information on ocular involvement patterns and holds promise as an ocular biomarker in this patient population.
The Effects of Political Institutions on the Extensive and Intensive Margins of Trade
Authors: Kim In Song , Londregan John , Ratkovic Marc 
Published: September 2019

AbstractWe present a model of political networks that integrates both the choice of trade partners (the extensive margin) and trade volumes (the intensive margin). Our model predicts that regimes secure in their survival, including democracies as well as some consolidated authoritarian regimes, will trade more on the extensive margin than vulnerable autocracies, which will block trade in products that would expand interpersonal contact among their citizens. We apply a two-stage Bayesian LASSO estimator to detailed measures of institutional features and highly disaggregated product-level trade data encompassing 131 countries over a half century. Consistent with our model, we find that (a) political institutions matter for the extensive margin of trade but not for the intensive margin and (b) the effects of political institutions on the extensive margin of trade vary across products, falling most heavily on those goods that involve extensive interpersonal contact.
Holocaust survivors’ perspectives on using community aged care and support services
Authors: Teshuva Karen , Borowski Allan , Wells Yvonne 
Published: September 2019

AbstractThe extant literature on Jewish Holocaust survivors’ experiences of receiving aged care services typically focuses on the risk that formal care settings may reactivate traumatic memories. Absent from previous research have been the viewpoints of older survivors themselves regarding their aged care experiences. An interpretive phenomenological approach was used to investigate Jewish Holocaust survivors’ lived experience of using community aged care services. Thirteen in-depth interviews were conducted and analysed using thematic analysis. The credibility of the findings was ensured by methodological triangulation and peer debriefing. Four major themes emerged from the analysis: wanting carers to do their job well; being supported to maintain autonomy; having a good relationship with the carer; and being understood as an individual. Although Holocaust survivors described the lived experience of using community aged care services in terms of universal themes similar to those identified with other groups of care recipients, the data revealed that this experience is intertwined with individual earlier-life traumatic experiences. This study has implications for training age care staff who work with Holocaust survivors and older trauma survivors from other refugee backgrounds.
Resisting the ‘populist hype’: a feminist critique of a globalising concept
Authors: Maiguashca Bice 
Published: September 2019

AbstractThe purpose of this article is to offer a feminist critique of populism, not as a distinct mode of politics, but as an analytical and political concept. As such, it seeks to redirect our attention away from populism, understood as a politics ‘out there’, towards the academictheoretical debatesthat have given this analytical term a new lease of life and propelled it beyond academic circles into the wider public discourse. In this context, the article develops two broad arguments. The first is that the two prevailing conceptions of populism are marred by anaemic conceptions of power, collective agency and subjectivity and, as such, are unable to present us with a convincing account of why this form of radical politics emerges in the first place, who its protagonists are, and how they come together in collective struggle. The second is that our current frenetic deployment of the term as a blanket descriptor for radical politics of all persuasions does not bode well for feminismpolitically. For both reasons, I conclude that feminists need to resist the current ‘populist hype’.
Moving the field of vocabulary assessment forward: The need for more rigorous test development and validation
Authors: Schmitt Norbert , Nation Paul , Kremmel Benjamin 
Published: September 2019

AbstractRecently, a large number of vocabulary tests have been made available to language teachers, testers, and researchers. Unfortunately, most of them have been launched with inadequate validation evidence. The field of language testing has become increasingly more rigorous in the area of test validation, but developers of vocabulary tests have generally not given validation sufficient attention in the past. This paper argues for more rigorous and systematic procedures for test development, starting from a more precise specification of the test's purpose, intended testees and educational context, the particular aspects of vocabulary knowledge which are being measured, and the way in which the test scores should be interpreted. It also calls for greater assessment literacy among vocabulary test developers, and greater support for the end users of the tests, for instance, with the provision of detailed users' manuals. Overall, the authors present what they feel are the minimum requirements for vocabulary test development and validation. They argue that the field should self-police itself more rigorously to ensure that these requirements are met or exceeded, and made explicit for those using vocabulary tests.
Epidemiology, risk factors and outcomes of Candida albicans vs. non-albicans candidaemia in adult patients in Northeast China
Authors: Zhang Wei , Song Xingpeng , Wu Hao , Zheng Rui 
Published: September 2019

Abstract
This study aimed to evaluate the clinical characteristics, risk factors and outcomes of adult patients with candidaemia caused by C. albicans vs. non-albicans Candida spp. (NAC). All adult hospitalised cases of candidaemia (2012–2017) at a tertiary hospital in Shenyang were included in the retrospective study, and a total of 180 episodes were analysed. C. parapsilosis was the most frequently isolated species (38.3%), followed by C. albicans (35.6%), C. glabrata (13.9%), C. tropicalis (10%) and others (2.2%). As initial antifungal therapy, 75.0%, 3.9%, 5.6% and 2.2% of patients received fluconazole, caspofungin, micafungin and voriconazole, respectively. Multivariate analyses revealed that total parenteral nutrition was associated with an increased risk of NAC bloodstream infections (BSI) (OR 2.535, 95% CI (1.066–6.026)) vs. C. albicans BSI. Additionally, the presence of a urinary catheter was associated with an increased risk of C. albicans BSI (OR 2.295 (1.129–4.666)) vs. NAC BSI. Moreover, ICU stay (OR 4.013 (1.476–10.906)), renal failure (OR 3.24 (1.084–9.683)), thrombocytopaenia (OR 7.171 (2.152–23.892)) and C. albicans (OR 3.629 (1.352–9.743)) were independent risk factors for candidaemia-related 30-day mortality, while recent cancer surgery was associated with reduced mortality risk (OR 26.479 (2.550–274.918)). All these factors may provide useful information to select initial empirical antifungal agents.