bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Application of Loop-Mediated Isothermal Amplification combined with colorimetric and lateral flow dipstick visualization as the potential point-of-care testing for diphtheria
Authors: Zasada Aleksandra Anna , Wiatrzyk Aldona , Czajka Urszula , Brodzik Klaudia , Formińska Kamila , Mosiej Ewa , Prygiel Marta , Krysztopa-Grzybowska Katarzyna , Wdowiak Karol 
Published: September 2019

Abstract
Background Diphtheria outbreaks occurred in endemic areas and imported and indigenous cases are reported in UE/EEA. Because of the high infectiveness and severity of the disease, early and accurate diagnosis of each suspected case is essential for the treatment and management of the case and close contacts. The aim of the study was to establish simple and rapid testing methods based on Loop-Mediated Isothermal Amplification (LAMP) assay for the detection of Corynebacterium diphtheriae and differentiation between toxigenic and non-toxigenic strains.Methods Corynebacterium diphtheriae and Corynebacterium ulcerans isolates from the National Institute of Public Health-National Institute of Hygiene collection were used for the development of LAMP assay for the diagnosis of diphtheria and nontoxigenic C. diphtheriae infections. Various colorimetric methods for visualization of results were investigated. Sensitivity and specificity of the assay were examined using a collection of DNA samples from various gram-positive and gram-negative bacteria.Results The LAMP assay for tox and dtxR genes was developed. The sensitivity and specificity of the assay were calculated as 100%. The detection limit was estimated as 1.42 pg/µl concentration of DNA template when the reaction was conducted for 60 min. However, the detection limit was lowered 10 times for every 10 minutes of reduction in the time of incubation during the reaction. Positive results were successfully detected colorimetrically using hydroxynaphthol blue, calcein, QuantiFluor, and lateral flow Milenia HybriDetect dipsticks.Conclusion The assay developed in the study might be applied for point-of-care testing of diphtheria and other C. diphtheriae infections. It is highly sensitive, specific, inexpensive, easy to use, and suitable for low-resource settings.
Improvement of Asia-Pacific Colorectal Screening score and evaluation of its use combined with fecal occult blood test
Authors: He Xuxia , Yuan Siyi , Li Wenbin , Yang Hong , Ji Wen , Wang Zhiqiang , Hao Jianyu , Chen Chuan , Chen Weiqing , Gao Yingxin , Li Lingbo , Cheng Kaifeng , Qian Jiaming , Wang Li , LI JN 
Published: September 2019

Abstract
Background The Asia-Pacific Colorectal Screening (APCS) score is effective to screen high-risk groups of advanced colorectal neoplasia (ACN) patients but needs revising and can be combined with the fecal occult blood test (FOBT). This paper aimed to improve the APCS score and evaluate its use with the FOBT in stratifying the risk of ACN. Methods This prospective and multicenter study enrolled 955 and 1201 asymptomatic Chinese participants to form the derivation and validation set, respectively. Participants received the risk factor questionnaire, colonoscopy and immunochemical FOBT. Multiple logistic regression was applied, and C-statistic, sensitivity and negative predictive values (NPVs) were used to compare the screening efficiency. Results A modified model was developed incorporating age, body mass index (BMI), family history, diabetes, smoking and drinking as risk factors, stratifying subjects into average risk (AR) or high risk (HR). In the validation set, the HR tier group had a 3.4-fold (95% CI 1.8-6.4) increased risk for ACN. The C-statistic for the modified score was 0.69 ± 0.04, and 0.67 ± 0.04 for the original score. The sensitivity of the modified APCS score combined with FOBT for screening ACN high-risk cohorts was 76.7% compared with 36.7% of FOBT alone and 70.0% of the modified APCS score alone. The NPVs of the modified score combined with FOBT for ACN were 98.0% compared with 97.0% of FOBT alone and 97.9% of the modified APCS score alone. Conclusions The modified score and its use with the FOBT are efficient in selecting the HR group from a Chinese asymptomatic population.
Canine colostrum exosomes: characterization, anti-oxidative capacity and influence on canine mesenchymal stem cell
Authors: Villatoro Antonio J , Martín-Astorga María del Carmen , Alcoholado Cristina , Becerra José 
Published: September 2019

Abstract
Background: Colostrum is a specific secretion of the mammary gland fundamental for the survival of the puppy during the first weeks after birth. It contains important bioactive molecules involved in the passive immunity and the maturation of various organs, highlighting small vesicles named exosomes. Exosomes have not been described yet in canine colostrum milk, where its role is crucial in dam-newborn communication for the development of the neonate. Results: Exosomes were abundant in canine colostrum milk and appeared with a characteristic cup-shaped morphology and well-defined round vesicles. Their size distribution was between 37−140 nm and western blot analysis showed an expression of specific exosomal markers. Proteomic analysis revealed a total of 826 proteins in exosomes cargo. We also found that exosomes modified proliferation and secretory profile in canine mesenchymal stem cells derived from bone marrow and adipose tissue, differently according to their origin. Besides, the exosomes of canine colostrum demonstrated a potent antioxidant effect. Conclusions: We described for the first time the isolation and characterization of milk exosomes from canine colostrum. Our findings highlight the abundant presence of exosomes in the colostrum of the canine species and contribute to explain their important antioxidant capacity after parturition and their role in the modulation of cell development and tissue differentiation in the newborn, where mesenchymal stem cells seem to play a key role.
The effect of using shell and solid models in structural stress analysis
Authors: İrsel Gürkan 
Published: September 2019

Computer aided engineering analysis is commonly used to evaluate and improve the performance and reliability of the products in today’s manufacturing industry. Computer aided engineering analysis software use finite elements method in their solutions. The most significant problem in practicing these analyses is to form the mesh structure properly. The aim of this study is to research the effects of using surface and three-dimensional solid models in structural stress analysis. In this context, the maximum deformation in a square beam subjected to bending was calculated analytically and numerically. The solid model and surface model were created via CATIA. These models were analyzed under the same conditions in the static analysis module via ANSYS workbench. A difference of 1.32 % was detected between the numerical solution and the numerical displacement value of the surface model, and a difference of 11.84 % was detected between the numerical solution and the displacement value of the solid model. The difference between the von mises stress values of both models is approximately 30 %. In the parametric assessment conducted regarding the change in the mesh size, it was discovered that the results were affected by the mesh size significantly, and the mesh size and stress increased by 1550 % with the singularity problem in the solid model. In systems subjected to bending, using a shell mesh with 6 degrees of freedom is more advantageous in terms of solution time, operational capacity, stability and accuracy of the result.
Protein Classification Using Machine Learning and Statistical Techniques
Authors: Gupta Chhote L. P. , Bihari Anand , Tripathi Sudhakar 
Published: September 2019

Background:
In the recent era, the prediction of enzyme class from an unknown protein
is one of the challenging tasks in bioinformatics. Day-to-day, the number of proteins increases
which causes difficulties in clinical verification and classification; as a result, the prediction of enzyme
class gives a new opportunity to bioinformatics scholars. The machine learning classification
technique helps in protein classification and predictions. But it is imperative to know which classification
technique is more suited for protein classification. This study used human proteins data that is
extracted from the UniProtKB databank. A total of 4368 protein data with 45 identified features
were used for experimental analysis.

Objective:
The prime objective of this article is to find an appropriate classification technique to
classify the reviewed as well as un-reviewed human enzyme class of protein data. Also, find the
significance of different features in protein classification and prediction.

Methods:
In this article, the ten most significant classification techniques such as CRT, QUEST,
CHAID, C5.0, ANN, SVM, Bayesian, Random Forest, XgBoost, and CatBoost have been used to
classify the data and discover the importance of features. To validate the result of different classification
techniques, accuracy, precision, recall, F-measures, sensitivity, specificity, MCC, ROC, and
AUROC were used. All experiments were done with the help of SPSS Clementine and Python.

Results:
Above discussed classification techniques give different results and found that the data are
imbalanced for class C4, C5, and C6. As a result, all of the classification techniques give acceptable
accuracy above 60% for these classes of data, but their precision value is very less or negligible. The
experimental results highlight that the Random forest gives the highest accuracy as well as AUROC
among all, i.e., 96.84% and 0.945, respectively, and also has high precision and recall value.

Conclusion:
The experiment conducted and analyzed in this article highlights that the Random Forest
classification technique can be used for protein of human enzyme classification and predictions.
Real-Time Auditory Feedback–Induced Adaptation to Walking Among Seniors Using the Heel2Toe Sensor: Proof-of-Concept Study
Authors: Mate Kedar KV , Abou-Sharkh Ahmed , Morais José A , Mayo Nancy E 
Published: September 2019

BackgroundEvidence shows that gait training in older adults is effective in improving the gait pattern, but the effects abate with cessation of training. During gait training, therapists use a number of verbal and visual cues to place the heel first when stepping. This simple strategy changes posture from stooped to upright, lengthens the stride, stimulates pelvic and trunk rotation, and facilitates arm swing. These principles guided the development of the Heel2Toe sensor that provides real-time auditory feedback for each good step, in which the heel strikes first.ObjectiveThis feasibility study aimed (1) to contribute evidence toward the feasibility and efficacy potential for home use of the Heel2Toe sensor that provides real-time feedback and (2) to estimate changes in gait parameters after five training sessions using the sensor.MethodsA pre-post study included 5 training sessions over 2 weeks in the community on a purposive sample of six seniors. Proportion of good steps, angular velocity (AV) at each step, and cadence over a 2- minute period were assessed as was usability and experience.ResultsAll gait parameters, proportion of good steps, AV, and duration of walking bouts improved. The coefficient of variation of AV decreased, indicating consistency of stepping.ConclusionsEfficacy potential and feasibility of the Heel2Toe sensor were demonstrated.
Challenges and Lessons Learned From a Mobile Health, Web-Based Human Papillomavirus Intervention for Female Korean American College Students: Feasibility Experimental Study
Authors: Kim Minjin , Lee Haeok , Allison Jeroan 
Published: September 2019

Background
Mobile health (mHealth) and Web-based research methods are becoming more commonplace for researchers. However, there is a lack of mHealth and Web-based human papillomavirus (HPV) prevention experimental studies that discuss potential issues that may arise.

Objective
This study aimed to assess the feasibility of research procedures and discuss the challenges and lessons learned from an mHealth and Web-based HPV prevention experimental study targeting female Korean American college students in the United States.

Methods
A pilot randomized controlled trial (RCT) was conducted in an mHealth and Web-based platform with 104 female Korean American college students aged 18-26 years between September 2016 and December 2016. Participants were randomized to either the experimental group (a storytelling video intervention) or the comparison group (a nonnarrative, information-based intervention). Outcomes included the feasibility of research procedures (recruitment, eligibility, randomization, and retention).

Results
From September 2016 to October 2016, we recorded 225 entries in our initial eligibility survey. The eligibility rate was 54.2% (122/225). This study demonstrated a high recruitment rate (95.6%, 111/122) and retention rate (83.7%, 87/104) at the 2-month follow-up.

Conclusions
Findings from this study demonstrated sufficient feasibility in terms of research procedures to justify a full-scale RCT. Given the increased possibility of invalid or misrepresentative entries in mHealth and Web-based studies, strategies for detection and prevention are critical.

Trial Registration
ISRCTN Registry ISRCTN12175285; http://www.isrctn.com/ISRCTN12175285
Cyberresiliens, sektorprincip og ansvarsplacering – nordiske erfaringer
Authors: Jensen Mikkel Storm 
Published: September 2019

Siden 2003 har regeringerne i Norge, Danmark, Sverige, Finland og Island arbejdet med at udvikle og implementere nationale strategier for cyber- og informationssikkerhed. Strategierne omfatter mange forskellige områder; f.eks. institutionel kapacitetsopbygning, uddannelses- og forsvarspolitik, internationalt samarbejde etc. Denne artikel skitserer landenes forskellige strategier per august 20181 for statens rolle i samfundets cyberresiliens, dvs. de kritiske samfundsfunktioners evne til at modstå og overkomme negative effekter af hændelser med udspring i cyberdomænet. Endvidere skitserer artiklen de udfordringer, som regeringerne har konstateret, at opgavefordeling og ansvarsplacering har givet, samt hvordan implementeringerne af strategierne reflekterer disse erkendelser. Her har den finske regering vist sig mest konsekvent ved at placere ansvaret for implementeringen af cyberresiliens centralt i en magtfuld organisation og udstyre den med konkrete styringsredskaber og en stor, velintegreret kontaktflade til den private del af Finlands kritiske infrastruktur.
Abstract in English
Since 2003, the governments of Norway, Denmark, Sweden, Finland and Iceland have developed and implemented national strategies for cyber and information security. The strategies include several topics such as organisational and human resource capacity building, defence policy, international cooperation, etc. This article gives a thumbnail sketch of the countries’ strategies for the state’s role in societal cyber resiliens (the ability to resist and overcome negative effects of events emanating from the cyber domain). It then shortly describes the experienced challenges with distribution of tasks and responsibilities, and how the implementation of the strategies reflect attempts to overcome them. It concludes that the Finnish government has gone furthest by placing responsibility for implementation centrally in an influential organisation and giving it a centrally developed common matrix for assessing progress and a well-established formal network within the private segment of Finland’s critical infrastructure.
Peningkatan Dalam Menyusun Rencana Pelaksanaan Melalui Supervisi Klinis Pada Kepala SD Daerah Binaan II UPTD Pendidikan Kecamatan Kalikotes Kabupaten Klaten Semester Gasal Tahun Pelajaran 2014/2015
Authors: Sumarsih Sri 
Published: September 2019

The aim of this study was to describe the increase in the principal’s efforts in preparing the implementation plan through clinical supervision at State Primary School Pa tronage II Regional District of Klaten Kalikotes odd semester of 2014/2015 academic year. Subject and source of research data were five school principals. Methods of data collection were observation, documentation, and testing. Data analysis used a critical and compara- tive analysis. Indicators of success used the minimum 76 and a target of 100% complete- ness. Results of research and discussion suggest that the observation of the principal in the supervision of lesson preparation plan in detail can be described from previsus cycle to cycle I, there was an increase of 60%, from cycle to cycle II, there is an increase of 80%, and from the first cycle to the second cycle previsus there is an increase of 20%, it can be concluded that the start of the second cycle to previsus cycle is significantly, and principals in the preparation of the lesson plan in detail can be described from previsus cycle to the first cycle, an increase of 60%, from previsus cycle to second cycle, an increase of 100%, and from the first cycle to the second cycle there is an increase of 40%, it can be concluded that the start of the second cycle to before cycle is significantly.
Vesicular Arbuscular Mycorrhiza Influences the Histo-Anatomic Characteristics of Vegetative Organs in Artemisia annua
Authors: Domokos Erzsébet , Csősz Lilla Laura , Darkó Béla , Jakab-Farkas László 
Published: September 2019

Abstract
Recent studies have shown that vesicular-arbuscular mycorrhizae stimulate plant growth in case of Artemisia annua plants. According to these studies mycorrhization can enhance plant height and biomasses, shoot branching and inter-nodal length, foliar glandular hair density, and nutrient status of shoots and leafs. Contradictory data were obtained in case of leaf chlorophyll content and photosynthetic rate. The effects of vesicular-arbuscular mycorrhizae on roots, shoots and leafs anatomy of A. annua have not been studied yet. The aim of this paper was to compare the microscopic characteristics of the vegetative organs from the Artemisia annua plants treated with vesicular-arbuscular mycorrhizae, with those from the control plants. Rhizophagus irregularis influenced the development of vascular tissues in root and stem of Artemisia plants by increasing their surface in the organs. Mycorrhization also reduced the percentage of lignification in the cortex of the root, increased the percentage of palisade parenchyma in leaf and had a positive effect on foliar glandular hair density. Further investigations are necessary to find out the role of these histo-anatomic alterations in the growth and development of Artemisia plants.
Identification of the Herbal Drug Prunellae spica based on Macroscopic and Microscopic Characteristics
Authors: Groșan Alexandra , Ștefănescu Ruxandra , Laczkó-Zöld Eszter , Eşianu Sigrid , Muntean Daniela Lucia 
Published: September 2019

Abstract

Prunella vulgaris L. belongs to the genus Prunella, Lamiaceae family, Nepetoideae subfamily. In Romania, the genus Prunella includes Prunella vulgaris L., Prunella grandiflora (L.) Jacq and Prunella laciniata L.. Amongst these, Prunella vulgaris is of particular importance, having numerous pharmacological actions. The purpose of this study is to analyze macroscopically and microscopically the main characters by which Prunellae spica can be identified and distinguished from other fruit-spikes from species of the Lamiaceae family.
Botanical Survey of Medicinal Plants Used in the Traditional Treatment of Human Disease in Montain Hay Meadows from Gurghiului Mountains
Authors: Oroian Silvia , Sămărghiţan Mihaela , Coşarcă Sanda , Hiriţiu Mariana , Oroian Florentina , Tanase Corneliu 
Published: September 2019

Abstract
The aim of this study was to identify the medicinal and aromatic plants from mountain hay meadows (6520 - Natura 2000 habitat) of Gurghiului Mountains and to analyze the correlation of these herbs with their therapeutic compounds as well as the human diseases on which they can be used on therapeutic purpose. The area covered by this study was the Gurghiului Mountains. Regarding the vegetation, this area is characterized by the predominance of forest ecosystems, along with semi-natural mountainous grasslands. The floristic inventory for the studied area included numerous medicinal plants with therapeutic chemical compounds. These medicinal plants were grouped in this study according to the dominant active principles used in phytotherapy. Two plant associations were identified: Festuco rubrae-Agrostietum capillaris Horvat 1951 and Poo-Trisetetum flavescentis Knapp ex Oberdorfer 1957. This survey demonstrates that the medicinal plant area in the Gurghiului Mountains is a promising economic resource for developing this region, but it needs planned exploitation.
The Cost of Equity Capital in Stock Portfolios Listed on the Warsaw Stock Exchange Using the Classic CAPM
Authors: Urbański Stanisław 
Published: September 2019

Abstract
This work is an attempt to estimate the cost of equity capital characteristic among portfolios of companies listed on the Warsaw Stock Exchange in the years 1995-2017. To this end, the classic CAPM is used to estimate the cost of risk. Model tests are based on 252 monthly returns. In order to assess the errors of cost of capital estimation, the bootstrap method is used. The estimated cost of capital refers to the project portfolio with real options on these projects. Stock returns are generated not only by the companies implementing projects but also through real options modifying these projects. The estimated cost of capital can be a valuable indicator for portfolio managers. Also, it can be an approximate indicator for making decisions on the implementation of new investment projects. The estimated cost of capital assumes the highest values for value portfolios. The estimated cost of capital assumes the small values for growth portfolios.
An Essential Review of Internet Banking Services in Developing Countries
Authors: Hama Khan Yadgar M. 
Published: September 2019

Abstract
In the absence of a literature review for an adoption of internet banking in developing countries, this study was conducted to review and summarize the most evaluated articles in the literature. The significance of this work came from three concepts which are to highlight the concepts of research in developing countries, to accentuate the dominant models which have been used effectively in analyzing the constructs in adopting internet banking, and thirdly, to shed some light on the gaps in the potential applications for the system in the future. The Technology Acceptance Model, Theory of Reasoned Action, Theory of Planned Behaviour, Unified Theory of Acceptance and Use of Technology and Self Designed models have been used by most of the researchers in this review with a higher frequency of the Technology Acceptance Model among them. The results from this review are limited to 28 articles which were selected from a total of 110. The sources were from the search engines of Science Direct, Emerald Insight, Growing Science, International Business Information Management Association and Canadian Central of Science and Education and other different types of journal publications. The factors revealed to have important effects on the acceptance and adoption of the system were trust, perceived ease of use, and perceived usefulness, security and privacy and social influences.