bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
REPRESENTAÇÕES DO FIGURAL FEMININO: ANTÔNIO VIEIRA E A DOUTRINA DOS ARQUÉTIPOS - PANDORA, EVA E AVE MARIA
Authors: Da Silva Felipe Lima 
Published: March 2019

É evidente a retomada das referências à mulher em grande parte das manifestações artísticas ao longo da história da cultura e das religiões. A (sobre)vivência da figura do feminino, por sua vez, condicionou-se a formas diversas de representação – da matriz greco-romana à era do Catolicismo ortodoxo ou, em outros termos, da figura de Pandora à de Eva, plasmando, no intervalo dos tempos, como forma digna de imitação dos costumes, a imagem da Virgem Maria. Aqui, proponho pinçar um momento particularmente interessante na historiografia literária luso-brasileira, examinando um sermão de Antônio Vieira, orador sacro dos mais admirados no século XVII, dirigido inteiramente às mulheres, para ilustrar as encenações do feminino sob o prisma do Cristianismo. Especificamente, analisarei um sermão pregado, em 1651, para as religiosas do Patriarca São Bernardo, no Convento de Odivelas, em Portugal, cuja unidade de sentido, operada sob a lógica pragmática, é estabelecer uma crítica aos hábitos das freiras que passavam horas do dia em frente ao espelho, objeto este que, para o sermonista em foco, é uma metonímia do “demônio mudo”, que seria muito mais astucioso que qualquer outro demônio, até mesmo do que a serpente que persuadiu Eva no Paraíso. Partindo desse pressuposto, podemos entrever deslocamentos e reciclagens da simbologia conceitual da hýbris como desmedida, uma vez que Vieira continuamente estabelece relações com o mundo do paganismo, demonstrando que as ações das esposas do Céu – as freiras – são execráveis, pois são frutos de duas correntes censuráveis: por um lado, essas ações são herança de Eva pecadora e, ao mesmo tempo, são dignas de repúdio, pois vão ao encontro de uma prática antissocrática carregada de exageros e imoralizações. No fio condutor de nossa leitura, a hýbris é simbolizada nas dobras da vanitas – vaidades e futilidades – refletidas no espelho, significando um desacordo entre a vida no claustro e os costumes padrões de uma freira, que ultrapassa os limites do comportamento quando se empenha na ornamentação do invólucro carnal, esquecendo-se de embelezar a face da alma.
Epidemiology of Shock in Contemporary Cardiac Intensive Care Units
Authors: Berg David D. , Bohula Erin A. , van Diepen Sean , Katz Jason N. , Alviar Carlos L. , Baird-Zars Vivian M. , Barnett Christopher F. , Barsness Gregory W. , Burke James A. , Cremer Paul C. , Cruz Jennifer , Daniels Lori B. , DeFilippis Andrew P. , Haleem Affan , Hollenberg Steven M. , Horowitz James M. , Keller Norma , Kontos Michael C. , Lawler Patrick R. , Menon Venu , Metkus Thomas S. , Ng Jason , Orgel Ryan , Overgaard Christopher B. , Park Jeong-Gun , Phreaner Nicholas , Roswell Robert O. , Schulman Steven P. , Jeffrey Snell R. , Solomon Michael A. , Ternus Bradley , Tymchak Wayne , Vikram Fnu , Morrow David A. 
Published: March 2019

Background
Clinical investigations of shock in cardiac intensive care units (CICUs) have primarily focused on acute myocardial infarction (AMI) complicated by cardiogenic shock (AMICS). Few studies have evaluated the full spectrum of shock in contemporary CICUs.

Methods and Results

The Critical Care Cardiology Trials Network is a multicenter network of advanced CICUs in North America. Anytime between September 2017 and September 2018, each center (n=16) contributed a 2-month snap-shot of all consecutive medical admissions to the CICU. Data were submitted to the central coordinating center (TIMI Study Group, Boston, MA). Shock was defined as sustained systolic blood pressure <90 mm Hg with end-organ dysfunction ascribed to the hypotension. Shock type was classified by site investigators as cardiogenic, distributive, hypovolemic, or mixed. Among 3049 CICU admissions, 677 (22%) met clinical criteria for shock. Shock type was varied, with 66% assessed as cardiogenic shock (CS), 7% as distributive, 3% as hypovolemic, 20% as mixed, and 4% as unknown. Among patients with CS (n=450), 30% had AMICS, 18% had ischemic cardiomyopathy without AMI, 28% had nonischemic cardiomyopathy, and 17% had a cardiac cause other than primary myocardial dysfunction. Patients with mixed shock had cardiovascular comorbidities similar to patients with CS. The median CICU stay was 4.0 days (interquartile range [IQR], 2.5–8.1 days) for AMICS, 4.3 days (IQR, 2.1–8.5 days) for CS not related to AMI, and 5.8 days (IQR, 2.9–10.0 days) for mixed shock versus 1.9 days (IQR, 1.0–3.6) for patients without shock (
P
<0.01 for each). Median Sequential Organ Failure Assessment scores were higher in patients with mixed shock (10; IQR, 6–13) versus AMICS (8; IQR, 5–11) or CS without AMI (7; IQR, 5–11; each
P
<0.01). In-hospital mortality rates were 36% (95% CI, 28%–45%), 31% (95% CI, 26%–36%), and 39% (95% CI, 31%–48%) in AMICS, CS without AMI, and mixed shock, respectively.

Conclusions
The epidemiology of shock in contemporary advanced CICUs is varied, and AMICS now represents less than one-third of all CS. Despite advanced therapies, mortality in CS and mixed shock remains high. Investigation of management strategies and new therapies to treat shock in the CICU should take this epidemiology into account.
Coronary Calcium Characteristics as Predictors of Major Adverse Cardiac Events in Symptomatic Patients: Insights From the CORE320 Multinational Study
Authors: Lo‐Kioeng‐Shioe Mallory S. , Vavere Andrea L. , Arbab‐Zadeh Armin , Schuijf Joanne D. , Rochitte Carlos E. , Chen Marcus Y. , Rief Matthias , Kofoed Klaus F. , Clouse Melvin E. , Scholte Arthur J. , Miller Julie M. , Betoko Aisha , Blaha Michael J. , Cox Christopher , Deckers Jaap W. , Lima Joao A. C. 
Published: March 2019

Background

The predictive value of coronary artery calcium (
CAC
) has been widely studied; however, little is known about specific characteristics of
CAC
that are most predictive. We aimed to determine the independent associations of Agatston score,
CAC
volume,
CAC
area,
CAC
mass, and
CAC
density score with major adverse cardiac events in patients with suspected coronary artery disease.

Methods and Results

A total of 379 symptomatic participants, aged 45 to 85 years, referred for invasive coronary angiography, who underwent coronary calcium scanning and computed tomography angiography as part of the
CORE
320 (Combined Noninvasive Coronary Angiography and Myocardial Perfusion Imaging Using 320 Detector Computed Tomography) study, were included. Agatston score,
CAC
volume, area, mass, and density were computed on noncontrast images. Stenosis measurements were made on contrast‐enhanced images. The primary outcome of 2‐year major adverse cardiac events (30 revascularizations [>182 days of index catheterization], 5 myocardial infarctions, 1 cardiac death, 9 hospitalizations, and 1 arrhythmia) occurred in 32 patients (8.4%). Associations were estimated using multivariable proportional means models. Median age was 62 (interquartile range, 56–68) years, 34% were women, and 56% were white. In separate models, the Agatston, volume, and density scores were all significantly associated with higher risk of major adverse cardiac events after adjustment for age, sex, race, and statin use; density was the strongest predictor in all
CAC
models.
CAC
density did not provide incremental value over Agatston score after adjustment for diameter stenosis, age, sex, and race.

Conclusions

In symptomatic patients,
CAC
density was the strongest independent predictor of major adverse cardiac events among
CAC
scores, but it did not provide incremental value beyond the Agatston score after adjustment for diameter stenosis.
Crosscoherence-based interferometry for the retrieval of first arrivals and subsequent tomographic imaging of differential weathering
Authors: Place Joachim , Draganov Deyan , Malehmir Alireza , Juhlin Christopher , Wijns Chris 
Published: March 2019

Exhumation of crust exposes rocks to weathering agents that weaken the rocks’ mechanical strength. Weakened rocks will have lower seismic velocity than intact rocks and can therefore be mapped using seismic methods. However, if the rocks are heavily weathered, they will attenuate controlled-source seismic waves to such a degree that the recorded wavefield would become dominated by ambient noise and/or surface waves. Therefore, we have examined the structure of differential weathering by first-break traveltime tomography over a seismic profile extending approximately 3.5 km and acquired at a mining site in Zambia using explosive sources and a source based on the swept-impact seismic technique (SIST). Seismic interferometry has been tested for the retrieval of supervirtual first arrivals masked by uncorrelated noise. However, use of crosscorrelation in the retrieval process makes the method vulnerable to changes in the source signal (explosives and SIST). Thus, we have developed a crosscoherence-based seismic-interferometry method to tackle this shortcoming. We investigate the method’s efficiency in retrieving first arrivals and, simultaneously, correctly handling variations in the source signal. Our results illustrate the superiority of the crosscoherence- over crosscorrelation-based method for retrieval of the first arrivals, especially in alleviating spurious ringyness and in terms of the signal-to-noise ratio. These benefits are observable in the greater penetration depth and the improved resolution of the tomography sections. The tomographic images indicate isolated bodies of higher velocities, which may be interpreted as fresh rocks embedded into a heavily weathered regolith, providing a conspicuous example of differential weathering. Our study advances the potential of seismic methods for providing better images of the near surface (the critical zone).
Numerical simulation of coupled fluid-solid interaction at the pore scale: A digital rock-physics technology
Authors: Das Vishal , Mukerji Tapan , Mavko Gary 
Published: March 2019

We have used numerical modeling to capture the physics related to coupled fluid-solid interaction (FSI) and the frequency dependence of pore scale fluid flow in response to pore pressure heterogeneities at the pore scale. First, we perform numerical simulations on a simple 2D geometry consisting of a pair of connected cracks to benchmark the numerical method. We then compute and contrast the stresses and pore pressures obtained from our numerical method with the commonly used method that considers only structural mechanics, ignoring FSI. Our results demonstrate that the stresses and pore pressures of these two cases are similar for low frequencies (1 Hz). However, at higher frequencies (1 kHz), we observe pore-pressure heterogeneities from the FSI numerical method that cannot be representatively modeled using the structural mechanics approach. At even higher frequencies (100 MHz), scattering effects in the fluid give rise to higher pressure heterogeneities in the pore space. The dynamic effective P-wave modulus [Formula: see text], attenuation [Formula: see text], and P-wave velocity [Formula: see text] were calculated using the results obtained from the numerical simulations. These results indicate a shift in the dispersion curves toward lower frequencies when the fluid viscosity is increased or when the aspect ratio of the microcrack is decreased. We then applied the numerical method on a 3D digital rock sample of Berea sandstone for a sweep of frequencies ranging from 10 Hz to 100 MHz. The calculated pore pressure at the low frequency (1 kHz) is homogeneous and the fluid is in a relaxed state, whereas at the high frequency (100 kHz), the pore pressure is heterogeneous, and the fluid is in an unrelaxed state. This type of numerical method helps in modeling and understanding the dynamic effects of fluid at different frequencies that result in velocity dispersion and attenuation.
Experienced physician descriptions of intuition in clinical reasoning: a typology
Authors: Vanstone Meredith , Monteiro Sandra , Colvin Eamon , Norman Geoff , Sherbino Jonathan , Sibbald Matthew , Dore Kelly , Peters Amanda 
Published: March 2019

Abstract

Background
Diagnostic intuition is a rapid, non-analytic, unconscious mode of reasoning. A small body of evidence points to the ubiquity of intuition, and its usefulness in generating diagnostic hypotheses and ascertaining severity of illness. Little is known about how experienced physicians understand this phenomenon, and how they work with it in clinical practice.

Methods
Descriptions of how experienced physicians perceive their use of diagnostic intuition in clinical practice were elicited through interviews conducted with 30 physicians in emergency, internal and family medicine. Each participant was asked to share stories of diagnostic intuition, including times when intuition was both correct and incorrect. Multiple coders conducted descriptive analysis to analyze the salient aspects of these stories.

Results
Physicians provided descriptions of what diagnostic intuition is, when it occurs and what type of activity it prompts. From stories of correct intuition, a typology of four different types of intuition was identified: Sick/Not Sick, Something Not Right, Frame-shifting and Abduction. Most physician accounts of diagnostic intuition linked this phenomenon to non-analytic reasoning and emphasized the importance of experience in developing a trustworthy sense of intuition that can be used to effectively engage analytic reasoning to evaluate clinical evidence.

Conclusions
The participants recounted myriad stories of diagnostic intuition that alerted them to unusual diagnoses, previous diagnostic error or deleterious trajectories. While this qualitative study can offer no conclusions about the representativeness of these stories, it suggests that physicians perceive clinical intuition as beneficial for correcting and advancing diagnoses of both common and rare conditions.
Catalytic Decomposition of Ammonia for Hydrogen Production over Carbon Nanofiber Supported Fe and Mo Catalysts in a Microwave Heated Reactor
Authors: Guler Melih , Korkusuz Cansu , Varisli Dilek 
Published: March 2019

Abstract
Microwave heated reactor which was loaded with carbon fiber supported iron and molybdenum incorporated monometallic catalysts was used to produce COx free hydrogen from ammonia. Impregnation procedure was applied to synthesize the catalysts at different metal loading (4–14 wt % according to ICP-OES) using iron nitrate or ammonium molybdate and reaction tests were carried out under the flow of pure ammonia (GHSV: 36,000 ml/hgcat). Activities of molybdenum incorporated carbon fiber catalyts are found to be lower than that of the iron loaded ones in the conventional reaction system. The effect of metal loading was clealy seen in the activity of molybdenum incorporated catalyst, unlike iron incorporated catalyts, especially under high reaction temperature conditions. Catalysts showed greatly enhanced activities in microwave heated system in comparison to conventionally heated reactor system. Complete conversion of ammonia was achieved at 500 °C by using molybdenum incorporated catalysts and at 450 °C by using iron incorporated catalysts (with GHSV of 36,000 ml/hgcat) in microwave heated reactor system. Transfer of energy directly to the active species and formation of carbide species, Fe2C or Mo2C, during the reaction under microwave application could be considered as the major factors leading to a better ammonia conversion. Structural properties of carbon support materials, such as the surface area, could be effective on the activity of the catalysts via the distribution of active species, however, this would be more pronounced effect in conventional system.
New Conditions and Numerical Checking Method for the Practical Stability of Fractional Order Positive Discrete-Time Linear Systems
Authors: Yang Hongli , Jia Yuexiao 
Published: March 2019

Abstract
Practical stability of a fractional order discrete-time linear state-space systems was put up in recent years. It is usually checked by the eigenvalues of the state matrix, some methods have been given during these years. But if the size of the state matrix is large, the computations of eigenvalues can be very onerous. In this paper, some new conditions on practical stability for positive fractional discrete-time linear system are presented. Numerically checking method of practical stability is presented based on the new conditions given in this paper. It is illustrated by the numerical examples that our checking method is effective and true. Compared to the now existing methods, numerically checking method is an attractive method because it’s easily implemented.
Die Bedeutung des Deutschen in wissenschaftlicher und institutioneller Kommunikation chinesischer Nachwuchsforscher in Deutschland
Authors: HUANG Yuhuan 
Published: March 2019

Zusammenfassung
Mit
Der Begriff „Nachwuchsforscher“ bezeichnet in diesem Text die gesamte Gruppe von Nachwuchsforscherinnen und Nachwuchsforschern, ebenso die Begriffe „Forscher“, „Wissenschaftler“, „Doktorand“, „Teilnehmer“ etc.
der Internationalisierung deutscher Forschungsinstitutionen ist Deutschland ein attraktives Zielland für chinesische Nachwuchsforscher1 und junge Wissenschaftler geworden. Viele von ihnen promovieren mit geringen Deutschkenntnissen im Rahmen englischsprachiger Graduiertenprogramme. Diese Studie analysiert deren Erfahrungsaustausch untereinander und die Thematisierung von der Bedeutung fremder Sprachen in wissenschaftlicher und institutioneller Kommunikation.
Deutschlehrerqualifizierung in China am Beispiel der Kooperationsprogramme der Fremdsprachenuniversität Guangdong und der Zweiten Fremdsprachenuniversität Peking
Authors: LIU Qisheng , LIU Xuehui , DESCHKA Rafael D. 
Published: March 2019

Zusammenfassung
Immer mehr Menschen in China möchten Deutsch lernen. Die Deutschlehrkräfte sind die zentrale Gruppe, die diesen steigenden Bedarf befriedigen können, und sind die wichtigsten Träger der Unterrichtsqualität. An chinesischen Hochschulen, Fremdspracheninstituten und Mittelschulen fehlen oft qualifizierte Deutschlehrkräfte. Um diesem Bedarf zu begegnen, kooperieren die Fremdsprachenuniversität Guangdong und die Zweite Fremdsprachenuniversität Peking mit dem Goethe-Institut und haben eine moderne Deutschlehrerqualifizierung als Studienschwerpunkt innerhalb des Masterstudiums der Germanistik eingerichtet.
Eine rasante Entwicklung: Deutsch als Fremdsprache an chinesischen Schulen im Kontext der Programme des Goethe-Instituts China
Authors: BENKELMANN-ZHANG Karin 
Published: March 2019

Zusammenfassung
Das chinesische Bildungsministerium plant, Ende 2017 ein landesweit einheitliches Curriculum für alle zweiten Fremdsprachen an chinesischen Schulen einzuführen. Für die deutsche Sprache ergibt sich dadurch eine einmalige Chance. Um zu zeigen, welche Möglichkeiten die Einführung von Deutsch an Schulen bietet, stellt der vorliegende Beitrag Programme in den Fokus, mit denen das Goethe-Institut China bereits seit 2008 Deutsch als Fremdsprache im chinesischen Schulbereich fördert. Insbesondere werden Projekte und Maßnahmen vorgestellt, die in enger Kooperation oder Partnerschaft mit nationalen Bildungseinrichtungen im chinesischen Bildungssystem durchgeführt werden. Dabei wird untersucht, inwiefern die bisherigen und neuen Angebote vor dem Hintergrund der steigenden Nachfrage nach Deutsch eine nachhaltige Förderung von Deutsch als Fremdsprache in China gewährleisten. Es wird herausgearbeitet, dass die Zusammenarbeit und der Dialog mit lokalen Partnern entscheidend für eine langfristige und stabile Entwicklung von Deutsch als Fremdsprache sind. Zugleich wird gezeigt, wie die angebotenen Programme auch als Werbung für Deutsch verstanden werden können, dass sie also nicht nur eine Reaktion auf die steigende Nachfrage sind, sondern ihrerseits die Nachfrage steigern.
Einsatzmöglichkeiten einer Bedarfsanalyse zur Curriculum-Entwicklung für berufsorientierten DaF-Unterricht in China
Authors: CAI Hong 
Published: March 2019

Zusammenfassung
: Die Bedeutung der Bedarfsanalyse als Forschungsverfahren zur Curriculum-Entwicklung wird in der Fachliteratur vielfach hervorgehoben. Jedoch ist eine Bedarfsanalyse für die Curriculum-Arbeit eines Fremdsprachenkurses bisher keine übliche Praxis. In diesem Aufsatz wird daher am Beispiel einer Bedarfsanalyse zum Fremdsprachengebrauch und -bedarf chinesischer Arbeitskräfte in Unternehmen präsentiert, wie diese Untersuchung und deren Ergebnisse zum berufsvorbereitenden DaF-Unterricht an chinesischen Hochschulen beitragen könnten.
DaF als Berufssprache für die Automobilfertigung in China. Zur kollaborativen Entwicklung von bedarfsorientierten DaF-Lehrmaterialien
Authors: MIDDEKE Annegret , SEMYONOVA Anastassiya 
Published: March 2019

Zusammenfassung
Deutsch für den Beruf ist nicht nur in Deutschland, im Kontext von Integration (DaZ für Berufszwecke), sondern auch im Ausland (im DaF-Bereich) ein hoch aktuelles und bildungspolitisch relevantes Thema. Dies gilt ganz besonders für China, wo das vor 35 Jahren eingeführte duale Ausbildungssystem boomt, in dessen Rahmen einige große deutsche Firmen als Ausbilder agieren (z. B. BMW, Daimler, Schleich, Siemens und andere). Selbstverständlich wächst in diesem Zusammenhang der Bedarf an geeigneten Unterrichtsmaterialien für Deutsch als Fach- und Berufsfremdsprache an Berufsschulen, Berufsfachschulen und für innerbetriebliche Weiterbildungen.
Im vorliegenden Beitrag wird das von Studierenden des MA-Studiengangs „Interkulturelle Germanistik/DaF“ der Universität Göttingen in Zusammenarbeit mit dem Goethe-Institut Peking und dem Fachverband Deutsch als Fremd- und Zweitsprache e.V. entwickelte zweisprachige Lehrwerk DaF für die Automobilfertigung in China (A2–B1) vorgestellt, das in entsprechenden Ausbildungsgängen an chinesischen Berufsschulen oder bei firmeninternen Weiterbildungen eingesetzt werden kann und wird.
Dabei werden folgende Aspekte beleuchtet: die Rahmenbedingungen und Durchführung des Projekts, das Konzept und die didaktischen Besonderheiten des Lehrwerks (Lehrwerkaufbau, Regionalisierung und Zielgruppenbestimmung, das Konzept der funktionalen Mehrsprachigkeit, der Szenariodidaktik und des interkulturellen Lernens in der Berufs- und Fachsprachenvermittlung) sowie dessen Nachhaltigkeit und generell die Adaptierbarkeit solcher kollaborativer Aktivitäten.
Kierkegaards Modernität
Authors: Dell’Eva Gloria 
Published: March 2019

Zusammenfassung
Im nachfolgenden Artikel möchte ich aufzeigen, dass die traditionellen Interpretationen Kierkegaards – als Beispiele analysiere ich Aufsätze Sybille Lewitscharoffs und Karl Löwiths – reduktiv sind, weil sie ihn als Vertreter einer Anthropologie des Einzelnen betrachten, der nur „im Sprung“ vor einem allmächtigen und transzendenten Gott und in der Abschottung von der Gesellschaft seinen Sinn entdecken kann. Ich werde hingegen nachweisen, dass Gott bei Kierkegaard nicht auf diese patriarchalische Weise, sondern als ein Gott, der im Menschen selbst und in der Welt ist, zu deuten ist. Die religiöse Bindung ist daher für den Menschen kein weltfeindlicher Sprung zu Gott hin, sondern eine Vertiefung in sich selbst, die ihn gleichzeitig in Verbindung mit allen Lebenden, mit seinen Mitmenschen und seiner Umwelt setzt, weil Gott selbst als dieses soziale und ökologische Netzwerk interpretiert wird. Dieser innovative Zugang findet im Denken Kierkegaards ein theologisch-anthropologisches Modell, das im Vergleich zum patriarchalischen den heutigen Menschen viel intensiver und existenzbezogener ansprechen kann. In Hinsicht darauf werde ich darlegen, wie modern Kierkegaard ist, indem ich nachzeichne, dass seine Gottes- und Menschenauffassung der Jürgen Moltmanns sehr nahe steht.