bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
آداب الحوار في المنظور الإسلامي
Authors: د. بتول إبراهيم سعيد عمر  , د أحمد محمد إبراهيم النور  , د مكة عبدالله عبدالهادي عاجب  
Published: October 2024

الحوار من منظور إسلامي من الموضوعات التي ينبقي أن تؤطر وفق مصادر الشرعية التى تنوعت فيها أنواع الحوار بتنوع مقاصدة ، وقد هدفت الدراسة إلي تحقيق عدد من الأهداف من أبرزها :
التعريف بمفهوم الحوار، ومرادفاته ،ودواعيه ، وبيان مقوماته ،وخصائصه، وأستعراض بعض النماذج من الحوار القرآن الكريم ، أنه دستور حياة ومنهج الأخلاق والتربية وغيرها نولايشبع منه العلماء، ولاتنقضي عجائبه، ونماذج منه في السنة النبوية المطهرة لقد كان الحوار أساسا في الدعوة إلي الله سبحانه وتعالى ، وكان النبي صلى الله عليه وسلم يدعو قومه ليلا ونهارا مستخدما أساليب الحوار وطرقه في تلك المواقف الحوارية التي نستخلص منها الدروس والعبر ، والنهج الصحيح السليم والمنهج القويم في الحوار ، ونماذج من حوارات السلف رضي الله عنهم ، وهم أعلم الناس بهدي النبي صلى الله عليه وسلم فلما قبض تحاوروا وتشاورا وتناظروا ،وردوا خلافهم إلي كتاب الله وسنة رسوله صلى الله عليه وسلم ، وإتبعت الباحثة المنهج الوصفي التاريخي في سرد الحوارات في المنظور اسلامي .
وهدفت الدراسة إلي جمع بعض ما جاء في ثنايا القرآن الكريم والسنة النبوية المطهرة ، ون أقوال السلف لتقديمة كمنظومة في بحث ليكون مرجعا موثقا يفيد الدعاة ، وإلي إعادة الجيل المفتون بالحضارة الغربية إلي إجابية الفكر الإسلامي ،أيضا هدفت الدراسة إلي التأصل الشرعي لطريقة الحوار، وذلك باستنباط المهارات الأزمة من مصادر التشريع الإسلامي المتمثلة في القرآن الكريم ونصوص السنة النبوية المطهرة ، وفي أقوال السلف رضي الله عنهم وأرضاهم .
Analysis of Effect of Temperature Variation Preheat on SMAW Welding of Microstructures, and ST60 and SS400 Steel Hardness
Authors: Palippui Habibi 
Published: October 2024

Welding is a metal joining process by melting some base and filler metals. SMAW welding (Shielded Metal Arc Welding) is one of the industry's most widely used welding methods. SMAW welding requires preheating (preheating) to reduce residual stress, distortion, and cold cracking in the weld metal. Preheat also can affect the microstructure and hardness of the weld metal. This study aims to analyze variations preheating on SS400 and ST60 steel against micro tests by SMAW welding, namely electric arc welding with covered electrodes. Temperature variation preheating used in SS400 steel was 140°C, 170°C, 300°C and 400°C in ST 60 steel. The results showed that the higher the temperature preheat, the larger the grain size of the microstructure in the parent metal region, the heat-affected area, and the weld metal area. The higher temperature preheat also led to a decrease in violence in the three areas. ST60 steel has a larger microstructure grain size and lower hardness than SS400 steel at all temperature variations preheat.
Influence of Use Backing Ceramic to Value Yield Strength on ASTM A36 Steel Using SMAW Welding
Authors: Hamzah Hamzah 
Published: October 2024

Welding large structures often requires alternating welding on both sides, which is time-consuming and costly. To overcome this, the media backing ceramics are used as hot melt barriers to form better results, speed up the ship welding process and reduce budgets. This study aims to determine the effect of media use baking ceramics against tensile strength test on ASTM A36 steel by SMAW welding. The calculation results show a strong effect on ASTM A36 steel. MarkYield strength is the highest found in specimens that do not use baking ceramics, equal to 322.413Mpa, while the valueYield strength is the lowest found in testing that uses baking ceramics at 309.92 Mpa.
Assessment of Gene Expression of Some Human Cluster of Differentiation in Chronic HCV Patients
Authors: Azzawy Asmaa Ahmed , Noraldeen Mohammed Yawoz 
Published: October 2024

Background: Hepatitis C virus (HCV) is one of the most potential pathogens all over the world. It is one of the main causes of chronic liver diseases. The host immune response against HCV sets off a chain reaction that results in liver damage after HCV infection in addition to necrosis and cellular inflammation, fibrosis, and hepatocellular carcinoma. Objective: This study aimed at evaluation of gene expression of human cluster of differentiation (CD25, CD39 and CD127) in patients with chronic HCV infection. Materials and Methods: The study involved 70 HCV patients who were diagnosed in Hepatology and Gastroenterology Center at Azadi Teaching Hospital and 50 control subjects during October 2023 until April 2024. HCV patients were confirmed with real time PCR. In addition RNA extraction was conducted on patients and control whole blood to assess the gene expression of CD25, CD39 and CD127 in both groups. Result: Regarding gene expression of CD25, CD39 and CD127, our data revealed significant overexpression of those marker in HCV patients in comparison to control group with P value (0.0001, <0.0001 and <0.0001) respectively. Conclusion: The gene expression of CD25, CD39 and CD127 were significantly up-regulated in HCV patients compared to healthy control indicating the role played by these markers.
Effect of Comprehensive Renal Rehabilitation in Hemodialysis: Systemic Review
Authors: Al Jarah Abdulrahman Mohammed , Elbanna Rana Hesham Mohamed , Ahmed Akram Abdel Aziz Sayed 
Published: October 2024

Background: Renal rehabilitation is a multimodal, coordinated intervention aimed at improving a patient's physical, psychological, and social functioning. Additionally, a growing body of research indicates that exercise training improves left ventricular function, cardiac sympathetic and parasympathetic disharmony, as well as Vo2 max in hemodialysis patients. Purpose: To systematically summarize the randomized controlled studies and investigated the effect of comprehensive renal rehabilitation in hemodialysis. Data source: Four electronic data base (PubMed, Pedro, Cochrane and Google scholar) were searched from 2014 till 2024. Study selection: Two independent reviewers screened studies for eligibility first by title then by title then by abstract then finally full text. Data extraction: Fourteen studies met the inclusion criteria of this review, all of them were about comprehensive renal rehabilitation in hemodialysis studies quality was assessed using Pedro and the Cochrane risk of bias assessment tool. Data synthesis: Fourteen studies were included in the quality assessment, studies were of good quality while the rest were fair quality on the Pedro scale, studies state that. Results: Met-analysis showed that there was significant effect of comprehensive renal rehabilitation in hemodialysis in the outcome measurers (Fatigue level, Vo2 max, muscle strength, physical, mental function and blood pressure change). Conclusion: This analysis showed that there were effects of comprehensive renal rehabilitation in hemodialysis.
First Results for the Influence of Two Geomagnetic Storms during 10-12 May 2024 On Mid-latitude Ionosphere
Authors: Bojilova Rumiana 
Published: October 2024

The main idea of this study is to analyze the ionospheric anomalies in selected points related to the extreme geomagnetic storm which occurred during the period 10–12 May 2024. In the present research, data of the critical frequency of the F2 region (foF2) from the vertical sounding of ionospheric station Rome (Italy) and foF2 data for the territory of Sofia (Bulgaria) obtained by empirical modelling were used. The selection of Rome ionospheric station is related to the fact that this ionosonde is located at the geographic latitude coinciding with the latitude of Sofia, which suggests similar characteristics of the ionosphere. In order to evaluate the type of response (positive or negative), the relative deviation of the values was used, taking into account the influence of the local time for the individual points (1 hour). The results of the of the ionospheric response analysis show a well expressed negative response, more significant at Rome station. Another interesting result related to the inertia of the ionosphere is expressed in the observed response delay depending on the onset of the geomagnetic storm. From the comparison of the measured data and those obtained through the empirical model it can be seen that for the purposes of ionospheric forecasting, the model is able to describe the behaviour of the ionosphere with sufficient accuracy. The ionospheric response is supported by an additional study of the behaviour of the Total Electron Content (TEC), which response is similar to that of foF2.
Risk factors for recovery from oculomotor nerve palsy after aneurysm surgery: a meta-analysis
Authors: Li Yuan , Zhao Ming , Li Xuemei , Liu Tiejuan , Zheng Lin , Hu Deyu , Liu Tongyan , Zhou Lingyun 
Published: October 2024

Background
Risk factors for recovery from oculomotor nerve palsy (ONP) after aneurysm surgery explored by meta-analysis.

Methods
The PubMed, Embase, web of science, Cochrane library, China Knowledge, Wan fang, and VIP databases were searched for case-control or cohort studies on risk factors of oculomotor nerve palsy recovery after aneurysm surgery, with a cut-off date of 14 February 2024, and data were analyzed using Stata 15.

Result
A total of 12 articles involving 866 individuals were included, meta-analysis results suggesting that gender (OR = 0.75, 95% CI [0.51–1.10]), age (OR = 1.00, 95% CI [0.93–1.07]), aneurysm size (OR = 0.85, 95% CI [−0.71 to 1.01]), treatment time (OR = 1.01, 95% CI [0.91–1.13]) is not a risk factor for recovery of motor nerve palsy after aneurysm surgery. Preoperative complete ONP (OR = 2.27, 95% CI [1.07–4.81]), surgery (OR = 9.88, 95% CI [2.53–38.57]), subarachnoid hemorrhage (OR = 1.29, 95% CI [1.06–1.56]) is a risk factor for recovery of motor nerve palsy after aneurysm surgery.

Conclusion
Based on the results of the studies we included, we found that complete ONP before surgery led to poorer recovery, but patients with post-operative and subarachnoid hemorrhage had better recovery.
Effect of Integrated Nutrient Management on Growth Parameters of Citronella (Cymbopogon winterianus Jowitt.)
Authors: E. S Amirthavarshini. , S Anuja. 
Published: October 2024

The aim of the study is to identify a suitable nutrient management practice for enhancing the growth characteristics viz. plant height (cm), plant spread (cm), number of tillers per plant and number of leaves per plant of citronella. The study was carried out in Department of Horticulture, Faculty of Agriculture, Annamalai University, Chidambaram, between 2023-2024. The experiment comprised of 10 treatments each replicated thrice was executed following the principles of Randomized Block Design. They are (T1) 100% RDF (NPK 75:40:40 kg/ha) (Basal Dose N: 25 kg/ha), (T2) 75% RDF+ Vermicompost 5 t/ha, (T3) 75% RDF+ Vermicompost 5 t/ha + Biofertilizer consortium 2 kg/ha, (T4) 75% RDF+ Vermicompost 5 t/ha + Sea weed extract 2%, (T5) 75% RDF+ Goat Manure 5 t/ha, (T6) 75% RDF + Goat Manure 5 t/ha+ Biofertilizer consortium 2 kg/ha, (T7) 75% RDF + Goat Manure 5 t/ha + Sea weed extract 2%, (T8) 75% RDF + FYM 10 t/ha, (T9) 75% RDF + FYM 10 t/ha + Biofertilizer consortium 2 kg/ha and (T10) 75% RDF + FYM 10 t/ha + Sea weed extract 2 % . The data collected were subjected to statistical analysis. This was done by standard procedure of Panse and Sukhatme (1985) and the results were interpreted. The level of significance are used in “F” and “t” tests at P=0.05. Critical differences (CD) were worked out whenever F test was found significant. The WASP 2.0 software was used for the statistical analysis of data. The study showed significant difference in the growth, yield and quality among the different treatments. The highest plant height (cm) (128.30, 131.32 and 132.20), plant spread (cm) (109.80, 112.03 and 115.75), number of tillers per plant (43.78, 45.90 and 48.16), number of leaves per plant (208.46, 212.15 and 210.00) of citronella were recorded with the application of 75% Recommended dose of fertilizer with vermicompost 5 t/ ha and 2% foliar spray of seaweed extract improved the growth, yield and quality of citronella. The application of 75% Recommended dose of fertilizer with vermicompost 5 t/ha and 2% foliar spray of seaweed extract has been identified as the best treatment for maximizing the growth characters of citronella. Hence, could be recommended for satisfactory growth, yield and quality of citronella (Cymbopogon winterianus Jowitt.).
Cefoxitin and Oxacillin Resistance Conundrums
Authors: Kulkarni Grishma 
Published: October 2024

Recently, mecA-negative Staphylococcus aureus strains with decreased susceptibility to oxacillin and cefoxitin have been sporadically reported worldwide. They are called as borderline oxacillin resistant Staphylococcus aureus (BORSA). Almost, more than 30% of such strains are often misinterpreted and reported as MRSA (methicillin resistant Staphylococcus aureus) due to the hyperproduction of beta-lactamase enzyme and other reasons which results in invitro reduced susceptibility to oxacillin as well as cefoxitin. Similar phenomenon is quite common in other staphylococci, micrococci and macrococci. In order to identify beta-lactamase hyperproducing staphylococci and other gram-positive cocci and to avoid false reporting as methicillin resistant, a one-year prospective study was conducted in Deccan college of medical sciences, Hyderabad, Telangana state, India in 2023. During one year duration, 5630 inpatient (IP) and 823 outpatient (OPD) samples accounting for total 6453 cultures were received in the microbiology laboratory. Out of this,100 cultures of different samples showing pure growth of gram-positive cocci suggestive of staphylococci, micrococci and other Gram-positive cocci were included in the present study and tested against different antibiotics panel as per CLSI guidelines (Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute.) Inclusion of amoxiclav disc to the antibiotics test panel as per recommendation by the special phenotypic methods for the detection of antibacterial resistance in the manual of clinical microbiology was helpful to detect the beta-lactamase hyperproducers (BHP) and helped to report correct identification of the organisms and curtailed the mismanagement of more than 95% of the patients. Therefore, I do recommend to differentiate borderline from true methicillin resistant strains to streamline the antibiotic therapy and hence further avoidance of selection of the resistant strains.
Adjusting Mitigation Pathways to Stabilize Climate at 1.5°C and 2.0°C Rise in Global Temperatures to Year 2300
Authors: Goodwin Philip , Brown Sally , Haigh Ivan David , Nicholls Robert James , Matter Juerg M. 
Published: March 2018

AbstractTo avoid the most dangerous consequences of anthropogenic climate change, the Paris Agreement provides a clear and agreed climate mitigation target of stabilizing global surface warming to under 2.0°C above preindustrial, and preferably closer to 1.5°C. However, policy makers do not currently know exactly what carbon emissions pathways to follow to stabilize warming below these agreed targets, because there is large uncertainty in future temperature rise for any given pathway. This large uncertainty makes it difficult for a cautious policy maker to avoid either: (1) allowing warming to exceed the agreed target or (2) cutting global emissions more than is required to satisfy the agreed target, and their associated societal costs. This study presents a novel Adjusting Mitigation Pathway (AMP) approach to restrict future warming to policy‐driven targets, in which future emissions reductions are not fully determined now but respond to future surface warming each decade in a self‐adjusting manner. A large ensemble of Earth system model simulations, constrained by geological and historical observations of past climate change, demonstrates our self‐adjusting mitigation approach for a range of climate stabilization targets ranging from 1.5°C to 4.5°C, and generates AMP scenarios up to year 2300 for surface warming, carbon emissions, atmospheric CO2, global mean sea level, and surface ocean acidification. We find that lower 21st century warming targets will significantly reduce ocean acidification this century, and will avoid up to 4 m of sea‐level rise by year 2300 relative to a high‐end scenario.
Submarine Groundwater‐Borne Nutrients in a Tropical Bay (Maowei Sea, China) and Their Impacts on the Oyster Aquaculture
Authors: Chen Xiaogang , Lao Yanling , Wang Jinlong , Du Jinzhou , Liang Mingzhong , Yang Bin 
Published: March 2018

AbstractSubmarine groundwater discharge (SGD) has been recognized as an important pathway for nutrients into estuaries, coasts, and the adjacent seas. In this study, 222Rn was used to estimate the SGD‐associated nutrient fluxes into an aquaculture area in a typical tropical bay (Maowei Sea, China). The SGD into the Maowei Sea during June 2016 was estimated to be 0.36 ± 0.33 m d−1 and was associated with SGD‐derived dissolved inorganic nitrogen (DIN), dissolved inorganic phosphorus (DIP), and dissolved silicon (DSi) fluxes (mol d−1) of (4.5 ± 5.5) × 106, (5.3 ± 9.1) × 104, and (9.4 ± 9.3) × 106, respectively. The SGD‐derived nutrients (i.e., DIN, DIP, and DSi) were more than 1.9, 0.9, and 3.6 times the amounts in the local river input and served as dominant sources in the nutrient budgets in the Maowei Sea. Moreover, the N/P ratios in the SGD around the Maowei Sea were high (mean: 64), and these ratios likely exceeded the environmental self‐purification capacity, thereby enhancing the biomass and changing the phytoplankton community structure. Therefore, SGD processes with derived nutrients may affect the biogeochemical cycles and marine ecological environment in the Maowei Sea. Furthermore, the N/P ratios (∼67) in oysters are very close to those in the SGD in the Maowei Sea; this coincidence suggests that the high N/P ratios in the SGD are likely to be one of the most important sources that support oyster aquaculture, which might weaken the burden of water eutrophication in the Maowei Sea.
On the Collisionless Asymmetric Magnetic Reconnection Rate
Authors: Liu Yi‐Hsin , Hesse M. , Cassak P. A. , Shay M. A. , Wang S. , Chen L.‐J. 
Published: March 2018

AbstractA prediction of the steady state reconnection electric field in asymmetric reconnection is obtained by maximizing the reconnection rate as a function of the opening angle made by the upstream magnetic field on the weak magnetic field (magnetosheath) side. The prediction is within a factor of 2 of the widely examined asymmetric reconnection model (Cassak & Shay, 2007, https://doi.org/10.1063/1.2795630) in the collisionless limit, and they scale the same over a wide parameter regime. The previous model had the effective aspect ratio of the diffusion region as a free parameter, which simulations and observations suggest is on the order of 0.1, but the present model has no free parameters. In conjunction with the symmetric case (Liu et al., 2017, https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevLett.118.085101), this work further suggests that this nearly universal number 0.1, essentially the normalized fast‐reconnection rate, is a geometrical factor arising from maximizing the reconnection rate within magnetohydrodynamic‐scale constraints.
Study of the Equatorial and Low‐Latitude Electrodynamic and Ionospheric Disturbances During the 22–23 June 2015 Geomagnetic Storm Using Ground‐Based and Spaceborne Techniques
Authors: Astafyeva E. , Zakharenkova I. , Hozumi K. , Alken P. , Coïsson P. , Hairston M. R. , Coley W. R. 
Published: March 2018

AbstractWe use a set of ground‐based instruments (Global Positioning System receivers, ionosondes, magnetometers) along with data of multiple satellite missions (Swarm, C/NOFS, DMSP, GUVI) to analyze the equatorial and low‐latitude electrodynamic and ionospheric disturbances caused by the geomagnetic storm of 22–23 June 2015, which is the second largest storm in the current solar cycle. Our results show that at the beginning of the storm, the equatorial electrojet (EEJ) and the equatorial zonal electric fields were largely impacted by the prompt penetration electric fields (PPEF). The PPEF were first directed eastward and caused significant ionospheric uplift and positive ionospheric storm on the dayside, and downward drift on the nightside. Furthermore, about 45 min after the storm commencement, the interplanetary magnetic field (IMF) Bz component turned northward, leading to the EEJ changing sign to westward, and to overall decrease of the vertical total electron content (VTEC) and electron density on the dayside. At the end of the main phase of the storm, and with the second long‐term IMF Bz southward turn, we observed several oscillations of the EEJ, which led us to conclude that at this stage of the storm, the disturbance dynamo effect was already in effect, competing with the PPEF and reducing it. Our analysis showed no significant upward or downward plasma motion during this period of time; however, the electron density and the VTEC drastically increased on the dayside (over the Asian region). We show that this second positive storm was largely influenced by the disturbed thermospheric conditions.
Rainfall From Resolved Rather Than Parameterized Processes Better Represents the Present‐Day and Climate Change Response of Moderate Rates in the Community Atmosphere Model
Authors: Kooperman Gabriel J. , Pritchard Michael S. , O'Brien Travis A. , Timmermans Ben W. 
Published: March 2018

AbstractDeficiencies in the parameterizations of convection used in global climate models often lead to a distorted representation of the simulated rainfall intensity distribution (i.e., too much rainfall from weak rain rates). While encouraging improvements in high percentile rainfall intensity have been found as the horizontal resolution of the Community Atmosphere Model is increased to ∼25 km, we demonstrate no corresponding improvement in the moderate rain rates that generate the majority of accumulated rainfall. Using a statistical framework designed to emphasize links between precipitation intensity and accumulated rainfall beyond just the frequency distribution, we show that CAM cannot realistically simulate moderate rain rates, and cannot capture their intensification with climate change, even as resolution is increased. However, by separating the parameterized convective and large‐scale resolved contributions to total rainfall, we find that the intensity, geographic pattern, and climate change response of CAM's large‐scale rain rates are more consistent with observations (TRMM 3B42), superparameterization, and theoretical expectations, despite issues with parameterized convection. Increasing CAM's horizontal resolution does improve the representation of total rainfall intensity, but not due to changes in the intensity of large‐scale rain rates, which are surprisingly insensitive to horizontal resolution. Rather, improvements occur through an increase in the relative contribution of the large‐scale component to the total amount of accumulated rainfall. Analysis of sensitivities to convective timescale and entrainment rate confirm the importance of these parameters in the possible development of scale‐aware parameterizations, but also reveal unrecognized trade‐offs from the entanglement of precipitation frequency and total amount.