bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Three dimensional steady‐state locus for dry monodisperse granular materials: DEM numerical results and theoretical modelling
Authors: Redaelli Irene , di Prisco Claudio 
Published: August 2019

SummaryIn this paper, steady‐state conditions for ideal monodisperse dry granular materials are both theoretically and numerically analysed. A series of discrete element (DEM) numerical simulations have been performed on a periodic cell by imposing stress paths characterized by different Lode angles, pressures, and deviatoric strain rates. The dependence of the material response on both inertial number and loading path has been discussed in terms of void ratio, fabric, and granular temperature. DEM numerical results have been finally compared with the prediction of an already conceived model based on both kinetic and critical state theories, here suitably modified to account for three‐dimensional conditions.
A‐stable two‐step time integration methods with controllable numerical dissipation for structural dynamics
Authors: Zhang Jie 
Published: August 2019

SummaryA comprehensive study of A‐stable linear two‐step time integration methods for structural dynamics analysis is presented in this paper. An optimal A‐stable linear two‐step (OALTS) time integration method is revealed with desirable performance on low‐frequency accuracy and high‐frequency numerical dissipation properties. The OALTS time integration method is implemented in a direct integration manner for the second‐order equations of structural dynamics; is implicit, A‐stable, and second‐order accurate in displacement, velocity, and acceleration, simultaneously; is easily started; and is numerical dissipation controllable. The OALTS time integration method shows desirable performance on spectral radius distribution, dissipation and dispersion errors, and overshooting behavior, where the results of some typical algorithms in the literature are also compared. Benchmark examples with/without physical damping are performed to validate the accuracy, stability, and efficiency of the OALTS time integration method.
Operating theatre nurses’ self‐reported clinical competence in perioperative nursing: A mixed method study
Authors: Blomberg Ann‐Catrin , Lindwall Lillemor , Bisholt Birgitta 
Published: August 2019

AbstractAimsThe aim of this study was to investigate how operating theatre nurses (OTNs) self‐rated their clinical competence and describe their experience of important factors for the development of clinical competence in perioperative nursing.DesignA cross‐sectional study with a mixed‐method approach was chosen. Data were collected through a modified version of the questionnaireProfessional Nurse Self‐Assessment Scale of Clinical Core Competence I,which was supplemented with an open‐ended question.MethodsData were collected from 303 operating theatre nurses in Sweden. Statistics analysis was used to identify the relationship between the participants' background variables. The open‐ended question was analysed by using a qualitative conventional content analysis.ResultsAcademic degree and professional experience of perioperative nursing were significant for the development of clinical competence. Academic degree appeared to affect operating theatre nurses’ leadership and cooperation in the surgical team, as well as how consultations took place with other professionals.
Sustainable synthesis of cyclic carbonates from bio‐based polyether polyol: the structure characterization, rheological behaviour and thermal properties
Authors: Błażek Kamila , Datta Janusz , Cichoracka Alicja 
Published: August 2019

AbstractThe cycloaddition of CO2 to epoxides represents a green efficient method to form bis(cyclic carbonate)s. The main purpose of the work reported in this paper was to examine the effect of the gas flow rate (20, 40, 60 and 100 mL min–1) during carbonation on the conversion yield, chemical structure, rheological behaviour and thermal properties of the prepared compounds. A series of new bis(cyclic carbonate)s was obtained from bio‐based polyether polyol. The syntheses were performed in the absence of toxic solvents and the process did not require the use of elevated pressure. The progressive structural changes and the presence of characteristic chemical groups were monitored by attenuated total reflection Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy. The characterization of the structure by 1H NMR and 13C NMR also confirmed the formation of cyclic carbonate moieties. The non‐Newtonian behaviour and the optimal mathematical model (Herschel–Bulkley) were verified by rheological measurements. The materials obtained could be used as a chemical intermediate to synthesize advanced materials based upon polyurethanes without using isocyanates. © 2019 Society of Chemical Industry
Premature mortality of people with personality disorder in the Nottingham Study of Neurotic Disorder
Authors: Tyrer Peter , Tyrer Helen , Yang Min 
Published: August 2019

AbstractIt is known that people with personality disorders die prematurely. This may be connected to high levels of co‐morbidity with other psychiatric disorders. To test whether mortality was independent, deaths were examined in a 31‐year cohort study of anxious and depressed patients (Nottingham Study of Neurotic Disorder) who also had their personality status assessed at baseline. The severity of personality disturbance was assessed using a method previously used to separate personality disorders into ICD‐11 categories. Over the follow‐up period, 71 of the cohort of 201 patients had died. Age at death was 5.1 (M) and 5.2 (F) years younger in those with personality disorder compared with no personality disorder, but after adjusting for age at randomization and clinical diagnosis at baseline, these differences reduced to 1.5 (M) and 1.6 (F) years. The longevity of the group was 12 to 18 years less than the general population (p < 0.0001), reinforcing previous findings of premature mortality in common mental illness. Analysis of causes of death showed no meaningful differences in personality groups. The hypothesis that premature death in personality disturbance is independent of mental health status was not supported in this study, despite other evidence from this cohort that general clinical outcome is worse in those with personality disorder. © 2019 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Regime‐dependent statistical post‐processing of ensemble forecasts
Authors: Allen Sam , Ferro Christopher A. T. , Kwasniok Frank 
Published: August 2019

AbstractA number of realizations of one or more numerical weather prediction (NWP) models, initialised at a variety of initial conditions, compose an ensemble forecast. These forecasts exhibit systematic errors and biases that can be corrected by statistical post‐processing. Post‐processing yields calibrated forecasts by analysing the statistical relationship between historical forecasts and their corresponding observations. This article aims to extend post‐processing methodology to incorporate atmospheric circulation. The circulation, or flow, is largely responsible for the weather that we experience and it is hypothesized here that relationships between the NWP model and the atmosphere depend upon the prevailing flow. Numerous studies have focussed on the tendency of this flow to reduce to a set of recognisable arrangements, known as regimes, which recur and persist at fixed geographical locations. This dynamical phenomenon allows the circulation to be categorized into a small number of regime states. In a highly idealized model of the atmosphere, the Lorenz ‘96 system, ensemble forecasts are subjected to well‐known post‐processing techniques conditional on the system's underlying regime. Two different variables, one of the state variables and one related to the energy of the system, are forecasted and considerable improvements in forecast skill upon standard post‐processing are seen when the distribution of the predictand varies depending on the regime. Advantages of this approach and its inherent challenges are discussed, along with potential extensions for operational forecasters.
A density functional theory study on mechanisms of [4 + 2] annulation of enal with α‐methylene cycloalkanone catalyzed by N‐heterocyclic carbene
Authors: He Nan , Zhu Yanyan , Zhu Zhenhua , Yang Yankai , Zhang Wenjing , Wei Donghui , Qu Lingbo , Tang Mingsheng , Chen Hongsheng 
Published: August 2019

AbstractDensity functional theory was used to study the reaction mechanisms of the N‐heterocyclic carbene (NHC)‐catalyzed [4 + 2] annulation reaction between enal and α‐methylene cycloalkanone for the formation of tricyclic benzopyran‐2‐one. The simulations suggest that the energy‐favorable catalytic cycle includes five steps: (a) the nucleophilic addition of enal by NHC catalyst; (b) [1, 2]‐proton transfer for the formation of Breslow intermediate; (c) [1, 4]‐proton transfer for the formation of enolate intermediate; (d) the [4 + 2] cycloaddition process, product formation; and (e) catalyst regeneration. The proton transfer process was particularly designed in two independent ways, the direct proton transfer and the Brønsted acid DBU∙H+‐mediated proton transfer. Our study reveals that [1, 2]‐proton transfer process is the rate‐determining step with the accessible energy barrier, which agrees with the experimental observation. Further analysis of the global reaction index confirmed that NHC was primary used as a Lewis base during the reaction processes. The frontier molecular orbital (FMO) analysis indicates that the introduction of the NHC catalyst facilitates the reaction to occur due to the narrower energy gap of FMO.
Almost sure stability of second‐order nonlinear stochastic system with Lévy noise via sliding mode control
Authors: Li Mengling , Deng Feiqi , Liu Xinzhi 
Published: August 2019

SummaryThe almost sure stability of second‐order nonlinear stochastic system with Lévy noise is studied by sliding mode control method. A conventional linear sliding mode surface is first constructed, by employing stochastic analysis technique combined with Lyapunov function method, sufficient conditions are established to ensure the almost sure stability of the system dynamics. Then, a nonsingular terminal sliding mode control technique is used for our system, corresponding controller is designed to guarantee the desired performance. Finally, two examples are given to show the validity of our results.
Variability of hydrological connectivity and fish dynamics in a wide subtropical–temperate floodplain
Authors: Abrial Elie , Espínola Luis A. , Rabuffetti Ana P. , Eurich Maria F. , Paira Aldo R. , Blettler Martin C.M. , Amsler Mario L. 
Published: August 2019

AbstractFish are subject to diverse stimulus in floodplain rivers resulting from interactions between environmental factors. In such complex and interconnected ecosystems, fish assemblages are thus highly dynamic across space and time. Here, we analysed fish assemblage structures in lotic/lentic habitats of a geomorphic unit of the Middle Paraná River during summer, autumn, and winter of seven consecutive years. We observed that three main factors trigger significant structural changes: seasonality, habitat characteristics, and floodplain connectivity. The last one appears to have a determinant role on fish structures. Processes of connection/isolation of floodplain environments produced significant variations in fish abundance and species richness. Main results showed that some ecological processes can be largely explained by connectivity variations, such as fish dispersal in the floodplain, fish concentration in remnant floodplain lakes, and migrations back to permanent floodplain water bodies. This study provided a quantitative measurement of connectivity to understand fish dynamics in a giant floodplain and highlights the importance of similar investigations to preserve the fish fauna in these rather unique ecosystems.
Experientially diverse customers and organizational adaptation in changing demand landscapes: A study of US cannabis markets, 2014–2016
Authors: Hsu Greta , Kovács Balázs , Koçak Özgecan 
Published: August 2019

Abstract
Research Summary
In this study, we contribute to strategy and organizational theories of organizational adaptation by developing theory about the kinds of customers that facilitate an organization's ability to adapt to changing demand‐side conditions. We propose that customers who have previously interacted with diverse types of organizations in the market convey informationally rich feedback that better enables organizations to understand and adapt to change—particularly in more rapidly changing contexts. We further expect that organizations that position themselves congruently with market preferences will be stronger market competitors. We test and find support for our arguments using a unique dataset of over 8,000 cannabis dispensaries operating in seven states that were listed on Weedmaps.com between July 2014 and June 2016.
Managerial Summary
Performance of organizations in changing markets depends on their ability to adapt to evolving customer preferences. Such adaptation requires understanding how preferences evolve—not only among existing customers, but also in the broader market in which the organization competes. We propose that feedback from customers who have previously interacted with diverse types of organizations in the market enables organizations to understand customer expectations and adapt to changing demand landscapes by positioning themselves accordingly. We find support for these arguments in legalized cannabis markets within seven U.S. states. Dispensaries that get more feedback from experientially diverse customers position themselves in ways that are more congruent with the preferences of customers in their market. Furthermore, dispensaries who are more congruent with market preferences survive longer, bring in a greater number of new consumers, and are generally more appealing to those consumers.
Development of Blood‐Cell‐Selective Fluorescent Biodots for Lysis‐Free Leukocyte Imaging and Differential Counting in Whole Blood
Authors: Zheng Xin Ting , Tan Yen Nee 
Published: August 2019

AbstractComplete blood count with leukocyte (white blood cell, WBC) differential is one of the most frequently ordered clinical test for disease diagnosis. Herein, multifunctional fluorescent carbon dots derived from biomolecules (biodots) for rapid lysis‐free whole blood analysis are developed. Specifically, two types of biodots are molecularly engineered through hydrothermal synthesis for differential blood cells labeling. Type I biodots synthesized from amino acid (serine/threonine) precursors and passivated with polyethylenimine can label both red blood cells (RBCs) and WBCs with excellent contrast in fluorescence intensity, enabling direct counting of leukocytes in whole blood samples without a tedious RBC lysis step. It also allows three‐part leukocyte differential counting by flow cytometry without using expensive fluorophore‐conjugated antibodies. On the other hand, Type II biodots synthesized from the same amino acid precursors but passivated with a biopolymer (chitosan) are able to selectively lyse RBCs with greater than 98% efficiency to allow simultaneous fluorescent labeling of leukocytes for WBC counting in whole blood. It is envisioned that these novel nanoreagents, which eliminate the cumbersome lysis and antibody conjugation steps for selective labeling of different blood cells, would revolutionize disease diagnostics toward achieving faster, cheaper, and more accurate whole blood analyses in one test.
Non‐Newtonian Fluid State K–Na Alloy for a Stretchable Energy Storage Device
Authors: Zhang Liyuan , Li Yuqian , Zhang Shengzhao , Wang Xiuli , Xia Xinhui , Xie Dong , Gu Changdong , Tu Jiangping 
Published: August 2019

AbstractPotassium–sodium alloy (KNA) is defined as an attractive candidate for energy storage devices in space probes. Nevertheless, high surface tension and fluidity of KNA make the electrode difficult to shape which results in unstable electrochemical properties. In this contribution, a low surface tension and paintable non‐Newtonian fluid state KNA and Super P composite (KNA@C) fabricated by a simple stirring strategy is reported. The formation of hydroxides in the KNA@C composite gives rise to stable liquid alloy–electrolyte and liquid alloy–current collector interfaces. Moreover, the KNA@C coating can be well adhered on the surface of the current collector, and keeps stable under bending, folding, and stretching. In addition, an energy conversion device with stretchable and flexible properties is assembled based on the KNA@C anode. Excitingly, the blub keeps shining even extending the device to more than 200% and twisting it to ±90° repeatedly. This research provides an optimistic prospect to achieve stretchable and flexible dendrite‐free alkali metal batteries.
Targeted Migration of Human Adipose-Derived Stem Cells to Secondary Lymphoid Organs Enhances Their Immunomodulatory Effect and Prolongs the Survival of Allografted Vascularized Composites
Authors: Ma Tian , Luan ShaoLiang , Tao Ran , Lu Di , Guo LingLi , Liu JieJie , Shu Jun , Zhou XiangBin , Han YuDi , Jia YiQing , Li Guo , Zhang Hui , Han WeiDong , Han Yan , Li Hong 
Published: August 2019

Abstract
The targeted delivery of therapeutic agents to secondary lymphoid organs (SLOs), which are the niches for immune initiation, provides an unprecedented opportunity for immune intolerance induction. The alloimmune rejection postvascularized composite allotransplantation (VCA) is mediated by T lymphocytes. Human adipose-derived stem cells (hASCs) possess the superiority of convenient availability and potent immunoregulatory property, but their therapeutic results in the VCA are unambiguous thus far. Chemokine receptor 7 (CCR7) can specifically guide immune cells migrating into SLOs. There, the genes of CCR7–GFP or GFP alone were introduced into hASCs by lentivirus. hASCs/CCR7 maintained the multidifferentiation and immunoregulatory abilities, but it gained the migration capacity elicited by secondary lymphoid organ chemokine (SCL) (CCR7 ligand) in vitro. Noteworthily, intravenously infused hASCs/CCR7 targetedly relocated in the T-cell aggression area in SLOs. In a rat VCA model, hASCs/GFP transfusion had a rare effect on the allografted vascularized composite. However, hASCs/CCR7 infusion potently prolonged the grafts’ survival time. The ameliorated pathologic exhibition and the regulated inflammatory cytokines in the peripheral blood were also observed. The altered axis of Th1/Th2 and Tregs/Th17 in SLOs may underlie the downregulated rejection response. Moreover, the proteomic examination of splenic T lymphocytes also confirmed that hASCs/CCR7 decreased the proteins related to cytokinesis, lymphocyte proliferation, differentiation, and apoptotic process. In conclusion, our present study demonstrated that targeted migration of hASCs/CCR7 to SLOs highly intensifies their in vivo immunomodulatory effect in the VCA model for the first time. We believe this SLO-targeting strategy may improve the clinical therapeutic efficacy of hASC for allogeneic and autogenic immune disease. Stem Cells 2019;37:1581–1594
Fluid transport properties of normal concrete substrate and a new green fiber reinforced concrete overlay composite
Authors: Hassan Mohd H. , Abo Sabah Saddam H. , Bunnori Norazura M. , Megat Johari Megat A. 
Published: August 2019

AbstractThe fluid transport properties of normal concrete (NC) substrate as old concrete and ultra‐high performance fiber reinforced concrete called Green Universiti Sains Malaysia Reinforced Concrete (GUSMRC) as a repair material were investigated. GUSMRC is a new green concrete in which 50% of its volume contains ultra‐fine palm oil fuel ash. The NC substrate surfaces were first subjected to different surface treatments (grinding and sand‐blasting) prior to casting the GUSMRC repair material to form the NC/GUSMRC composite. The GUSMRC was bonded to the old concrete using the overlay and half–half layering conditions. The fluid transport properties of the monolithic GUSMRC (repair material) were also assessed. Results showed that GUSMRC has a high resistance against fluid and gas penetration and can be employed as a repair material to enhance the old concrete impermeability. The overlay layering condition improved the NC/GUSMRC composite impermeability by 2–2.8 times more than the half–half layering, and the surface treatment method had a negligible impact on the composite impermeability.
Experimental and theoretical study on the shear behavior of single‐ and multi‐span T‐ and I‐shaped post‐tensioned beams
Authors: Huber Patrick , Huber Tobias , Kollegger Johann 
Published: August 2019

AbstractIn recent years, the assessment of the shear resistance of existing post‐tensioned multispan bridges has become a frequent task for civil engineers. New models developed for this purpose need to be verified, since the number of shear‐related results of tests executed under real loading conditions at the interior support of multispan systems is very limited. In this study, eight shear tests carried out on four specimens are presented. The effects of different prestressing grades, cross‐sections, and amounts of transverse reinforcement are investigated. Two test setups were used in order to reproduce the internal forces occurring at the interior and end supports, respectively, of actual multispan bridges. With the aid of close‐range photogrammetry, detailed measurements of the kinematics of the critical flexural‐shear cracks were performed. In this study, it is demonstrated that arching action plays a major role for the shear capacity of slender post‐tensioned beams. The predictions of the shear capacity determined with various shear design models show that these models are conservative, especially with respect to the shear capacity for the region around the interior supports. However, the evaluation of the models also shows that the flexural‐shear crack model yields very promising results of the shear capacity of post‐tensioned beams with low shear reinforcement ratios.
Highly ordered protein cage assemblies: A toolkit for new materials
Authors: Korpi Antti , Anaya‐Plaza Eduardo , Välimäki Salla , Kostiainen Mauri 
Published: August 2019

AbstractProtein capsids are specialized and versatile natural macromolecules with exceptional properties. Their homogenous, spherical, rod‐like or toroidal geometry, and spatially directed functionalities make them intriguing building blocks for self‐assembled nanostructures. High degrees of functionality and modifiability allow for their assembly via non‐covalent interactions, such as electrostatic and coordination bonding, enabling controlled self‐assembly into higher‐order structures. These assembly processes are sensitive to the molecules used and the surrounding conditions, making it possible to tune the chemical and physical properties of the resultant material and generate multifunctional and environmentally sensitive systems. These materials have numerous potential applications, including catalysis and drug delivery.This article is categorized under:Biology‐Inspired Nanomaterials > Protein and Virus‐Based Structures