bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Valorization of Crude Glycerol, Residue Deriving from Biodiesel- Production Process, with the Use of Wild-type New Isolated Yarrowia lipolytica Strains: Production of Metabolites with Pharmaceutical and Biotechnological Interest
Authors: Sarris Dimitris , Sampani Zoe , Rapti Anna , Papanikolaou Seraphim 
Published: February 2019

Background & Objective:Crude glycerol (Glol), used as substrate for screening eleven natural Yarrowia lipolytica strains in shake-flask experiments. Aim of this study was to assess the ability of the screened strains to produce biomass (dry cell weight; X), lipid (L), citric acid (Cit), mannitol (Man), arabitol (Ara) and erythritol (Ery), compounds presenting pharmaceutical and biotechnological interest, in glycerol-based nitrogen-limited media, in which initial glycerol concentration had been adjusted to 40 g/L.Methods:Citric acid may find use in biomedical engineering (i.e. drug delivery, tissue engineering, bioimaging, orthopedics, medical device coating, wound dressings). Polyols are considered as compounds with non-cariogenic and less calorigenic properties as also with low insulin-mediated response. Microbial lipids containing polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA) are medically and dietetically important (selective pharmaceutical and anticancer properties, aid fetal brain development, the sight function of the eye, hormonal balance and the cardio-vascular system, prevent reasons leading to type-2 diabetes, present healing and anti-inflammatory effects).Results:All strains presented satisfactory microbial growth (Xmax=5.34-6.26 g/L) and almost complete substrate uptake. The principal metabolic product was citric acid (Citmax=8.5-31.7 g/L). Production of cellular lipid reached the values of 0.33-0.84 g/L. Polyols were also synthesized as strain dependent compounds (Manmax=2.8-6.1 g/L, Aramax ~2.0 g/L, Erymax= 0.5-3.8 g/L). The selected Y. lipolytica strain ACA-DC 5029 presented satisfactory growth along with synthesis of citric acid and polyols, thus, was further grown on media presenting an increased concentration of Glol~75 g/L. Biomass, lipid and citric acid production presented significant enhancement (Xmax=11.80 g/L, Lmax=1.26 g/L, Citmax=30.8 g/L), but conversion yield of citric acid produced per glycerol consumed was decreased compared to screening trials. Erythritol secretion (Erymax=15.6 g/L) was highly favored, suggesting a shift of yeast metabolism from citric acid accumulation towards erythritol production. Maximum endopolysaccharides (IPS) concentration was 4.04 g/L with yield in dry weight 34.2 % w/w.Conclusion:Y. lipolytica strain ACA-YC 5029 can be considered as a satisfactory candidate grown in high concentrations of crude glycerol to produce added-value compounds that interest pharmaceutical and biotechnology industries.
In Silico Design, Synthesis of Hybrid Combinations: Quercetin Based MAO Inhibitors with Antioxidant Potential
Authors: Dhiman Priyanka , Malik Neelam , Khatkar Anurag 
Published: February 2019

<P>Background: Monoamine oxidase (MAO) is a critical target used for the cure of neuropsychological
diseases.
</P><P>
Objective: A series of quercetin based derivatives was designed, synthesized, and evaluated as novel
multifunctional agents against monoamine oxidase A and B with antioxidant potential.

Methods:
Hybrid derivatives based on quercetin were synthesized and screened for hMAO inhibition
along with antioxidant activity. Molecular docking was performed to explicate the rationale of the different
MAO (IC50) values and to explain the presence of inhibitory activity against specificity, respectively.

Results:
The results of in vitro hMAO inhibition showed that compound 8a, 6c, and 4 were found as
potent hMAO-A inhibitors whereas compounds 6b, 6a, and 6d were observed as potent hMAO-B inhibitors.
The DPPH radical scavenging activity showed that compounds 6b, 6a, and 4 exhibited a promising
antioxidant potential with IC50 values 5.931±0.007, 6.421±0.037, and 8.516±0.098 respectively.
Moreover, the compound 6b, 6a, and 4 exhibited remarkable H2O2 scavenging potential with IC50 values
05.80±0.004 µM, 06.20±0.009 µM, and 07.66±0.009 µM respectively.

Conclusion:
The results of docking studies were found in good correlation with experimental MAO inhibition
studies. Moreover, the mechanistic insight into the docking poses was also explored by binding
interactions of quercetin based derivatives inside the dynamic site of hMAO-A and hMAO-B. It was
also noticed that the potent MAO inhibitors were also acting as better antioxidants as evaluated through
DPPH radical scavenging activity and H2O2 radical scavenging assay.
Modular Synthesis of New Bicyclic Carbene Precursors
Authors: Li Jie , Yao Jiaqi , He Weiping , Yang Fan , Liu Xiaoming 
Published: February 2019

:
A series of new N-heterocyclic carbene (NHC) precursors, containing bicyclic pyrrolo[1,2-
c]imidazole framework, were prepared from N-(tert-butoxycarbonyl)-L-proline (1-Boc-L-proline). The
sequential attachment of nitrogen nucleophiles and subsequent ring closure gave the desired bicyclic
NHC precursors in good yields. The structures of these new NHC precursors were determined on the
basis of spectroscopic techniques, including NMR and MS.
Comparing the Efficacy of Supervised and Unsupervised Exercise Training on Glycaemic Control in Type 2 Diabetes: A Systematic Review
Authors: Gajanand Trishan , Keating Shelley E. , Brown Wendy J. , Hordern Matthew D. , Fassett Robert G. , Coombes Jeff S. 
Published: February 2019

Background:
Exercise training is vital for glycaemic control in patients with type 2 diabetes
mellitus (T2D). While the positive effects of supervised exercise training are well established,
unsupervised training may offer an alternative and more sustainable means of realising the benefits of
exercise away from a resource-heavy supervised setting.

Objective:
To evaluate the available literature and compare the efficacy of supervised and unsupervised
exercise training programs on glycemic control in patients with T2D.

Methods:
CINAHL, MEDLINE, PubMed, and EMBASE, searched from inception to 20 July 2018. Only
studies that included both supervised and unsupervised training were included.

Results:
Four studies, involving 115 participants, were included. One compared supervised with unsupervised
exercise training and three investigated the efficacy of unsupervised training following supervised
training. While supervised training is effective for improving glycaemic control in patients with
T2D, unsupervised training may not maintain these changes. Included studies lacked detail relating to
the supervised and unsupervised training programs.

Conclusion:
Given that exercise is a critical component for maintenance of glycaemic control in patients
with T2D, and because unsupervised training has been shown to be effective in improving clinical
outcomes in other disease populations, further research is warranted to compare supervised and unsupervised
exercise training in patients with T2D. It is important that future studies report standardised
and detailed descriptions of key elements that form the basis of supervised and unsupervised exercise
training groups.
Cytotoxicity, Pro-apoptotic Activity and in silico Studies of Dithiocarbamates and their Structure Based Design and SAR Studies
Authors: Hamdani Syeda S. , Khan Bilal A. , Hameed Shahid , Rashid Faisal , Zaib Sumera , Ahmad Khalil , Mughal Ehsan U. , Iqbal Jamshed 
Published: February 2019

Background:
Cancer is a far-reaching and lethal but curable disease. Researchers have
investigated numerous anticancer agents with only a few commercially available effective drugs
which are very costly.

Objective:
Herein, we report the synthesis , characterization and anti cancer assays of a series of
novel dithiocarbamates derivatives.

Methods:
All compounds were synthesized from different secondary amines and substituted benzyl
chlorides in a single step. The structures of newly synthesized dithiocarbamate derivatives
were confirmed by spectroscopic techniques (IR, NMR and HR-MS).

Results:
The synthesized compounds showed a significant anti-proliferative effect in cancer cells
(HeLa) with the maximum inhibitory activity of compound SHD-2 with an IC50 = 0.31 ± 0.09 μM.
However, the same compound exhibited 19.2% inhibition towards Baby Hamster Kidney fibroblasts
(BHK-21), normal cell lines. Moreover, quantification of cellular DNA by flow cytometry
for the evaluation of pro-apoptotic activity in HeLa cells demonstrates that arrest in cell cycle
along with apoptosis advance towards drug cytotoxicity. However, molecular docking studies of
the potent compound suggested that it binds to the major groove of the DNA.

Conclusion:
The cytotoxic and pro-apoptotic potential of the potent inhibitor may be further investigated
in the animal models to advance their anti-cancer prospective.
Ex Vivo and In Vivo Evidence of Anti-Inflammatory Activity of P-aminophenol and Salicylate Derivatives
Authors: Vilvert André F. , Nascimento Marcus Vinícius P.S. , dos S. Borges Rosivaldo , Dalmarco Eduardo M. 
Published: February 2019

Background:Paracetamol (p-aminophenol) and salicylates are nonsteroidal antiinflammatory drugs that are widely used in the general population. The adverse effects of both drugs continue to be a focus of the pharmaceutical industry in the development of new molecules that will increase treatment safety. In this context, we tested nine compounds derived from paracetamol and salicylates, synthesized in our laboratory, for their safety and ex vivo and in vivo anti-inflammatory activity.Methods:We analyzed the cytotoxicity of the compounds in ex vivo mice neutrophils, and their ability to inhibit the production of pro-inflammatory mediators (nitric oxide and interleukin-6) after stimulating with LPS. Next, in the selected molecules, we evaluated the anti-inflammatory effect on an in vivo inflammatory model of acute lung injury in mice. All nine compounds were also submitted to the cytotoxicity assay, like the original compounds.Results:None of the compounds showed cytotoxicity under the cells used. However, of the initial compounds, only five demonstrated anti-inflammatory effect, inhibiting Nitric Oxide (NO) and interleukin 6 (IL-6) production by neutrophils stimulated with Lipopolysaccharide (LPS). After this initial trial, four modified compounds were able to reduce leukocyte migration and fluid leakage in the bronchoalveolar lavage of mice. However, only the compound 5a1, derived from the esterification of gentisic acid, was able to significantly inhibit the levels of all pro-inflammatory cytokines and increase the levels of antiinflammatory cytokines evaluated.Conclusion:In conclusion, all compounds showed a good safety profile, and many of them had an antiinflammatory effect. However, the compound derived from gentisic acid is highlighted for its significant effects ex vivo and in vivo and in this context, we believe that this compound is a potential candidate for the development of a new anti-inflammatory drug.
Promising Role of Wolbachia as Anti-parasitic Drug Target and Eco-Friendly Biocontrol Agent
Authors: Chegeni Tooran Nayeri , Fakhar Mahdi 
Published: February 2019

Background:Wolbachia is the most common endosymbiotic bacteria in insectborne parasites and it is the most common reproductive parasite in the world. Wolbachia has been found worldwide in numerous arthropod and parasite species, including insects, terrestrial isopods, spiders, mites and filarial nematodes. There is a complicated relationship between Wolbachia and its hosts and in some cases, they create a mutual relationship instead of a parasitic relationship. Some species are not able to reproduce in the absence of infection with Wolbachia. Thus, the use of existing strains of Wolbachia bacteria offers a potential strategy for the control of the population of mosquitoes and other pests and diseases.Methods:We searched ten databases and reviewed published papers regarding the role of Wolbachia as a promising drug target and emerging biological control agents of parasitic diseases between 1996 and 2017 (22 years) were considered eligible. Also, in the current study several patents (WO008652), (US7723062), and (US 0345249 A1) were reviewed.Results:Endosymbiotic Wolbachia bacteria, which are inherited from mothers, is transmitted to mosquitoes and interferes with pathogen transmission. They can change the reproduction of their host. Wolbachia is transmitted through the cytoplasm of eggs and have evolved different mechanisms for manipulating the reproduction of its hosts, including the induction of reproductive incompatibility, parthenogenesis, and feminization. The extensive effects of Wolbachia on reproduction and host fitness have made Wolbachia the issue of growing attention as a potential biocontrol agent.Conclusion:Wolbachia has opened a new window to design a costly, potent and ecofriendly drug target for effective treatment and elimination of vector-borne parasitic diseases.
Two Novel Tri-Aryl Derivatives Attenuate the Invasion-Promoting Effects of Stromal Mesenchymal Stem Cells on Breast Cancer
Authors: Moradi Khadijeh , Barneh Farnaz , Irian Saeed , Amini Mohsen , Moradpoor Raheleh , Amanzadeh Amir , Choopani Samira , Rahimi Hamzeh , Ghodselahi Tayebeh , Boujar Massoud M. , Salimi Mona 
Published: February 2019

Background:The concept of Epithelial-Mesenchymal Transition (EMT) to promote carcinoma progression has been recognized as a venue for research on novel anticancer drugs. Triaryl template-based structures are one of the pivotal structural features found in a number of compounds with a wide variety of biological properties including anti-breast cancer. Among the various factors triggering EMT program, cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2), NF-κB as well as the transforming growth factor-beta (TGF-β) have been widely investigated.Objective:Here, we aim to investigate the effect of two novel compounds A and B possessing triaryl structures, which interact with both COX-2 and TGF-β active sites and suppress NF-κB activation, on EMT in a co-culture system with breast cancer and stromal cells.Methods:MDA-MB-231 and bone-marrow mesenchymal stem (BM-MS) cells were co-cultured in a trans-well plate. Migration, matrigel-based invasion and colony formation in soft agar assays along with Real- time PCR and Western blot analysis were performed to examine the effect of compounds A and B on the invasive properties of MDA-MB-231 cells after 72 hours of co-culturing with BM-MSCs. In addition, TGF-beta interaction was investigated by Localized Surface Plasmon Resonance (LSPR).Results:BM-MSCs enhanced migration, invasion and anchorage-independent growth of the co-cultured MDAMB- 231 cells. A reduction in E-cadherin level concomitant with an increase in vimentin and N-cadherin levels following the co-culture implied EMT as the underlying process. Compounds A and B inhibited invasion and anchorage-independent growth of breast cancer cells co-cultured with BM-MSCs at 10µM. The observed inhibitory effects along with an increase in E-cadherin and a reduction in vimentin and ZEB2 levels suggest that the anti-invasive properties of compounds A and B might proceed through the blockade of stromal cell-induced EMT, mediated by their interaction with TGF-beta.Conclusion:These findings introduce compounds A and B as novel promising agents, which prevent EMT in invasive breast cancer cells.
Optimized Deep Neural Network Based Predictive Model for Customer Attrition Analysis in the Banking Sector
Authors: Hegde Sandeepkumar , Mundada Monica R. 
Published: February 2019

Background:In recent time with the growth of the technology and the business model, customer attrition analysis is considered as a very important metric which decides the revenues and profitability of the organization. It is applicable for all the business domains irrespective of the size of the business even including the start-ups. Because about 65% revenue for the organization comes from the existing customer. The goal of the customer attrition analysis is to predict the customer who is likely to exit or churn from the current business organization. In this research work, the literature review is carried out to explore the related work which has been already carried out in the field of customer attrition analysis. The literature review also focuses on some of the patents which are issued in the area of customer attrition or churn analysis. The goal of the research paper is to predict accurately the customer attrition rate in the Banking Sector.Objective:The main objective of this paper is to predict accurately the attrition rate in the Banking sector using an optimized deep feed-forward neural network.Methods:In the proposed work the predictive machine learning model is implemented using the optimized deep feed-forward neural network having five hidden layers in it. The model is trained using Adam optimizer algorithm to obtain the optimal accuracy. The Banking Churn data set is passed as input to the Optimized Deep Feed Forward Neural Network Model. In order to perform the comparative analysis, the same data set is passed as input to the other machine learning algorithm such as Decision Tree, Logistic Regression, Gaussian Naïve Bayes, and Artificial Neural Network.Results:The test results indicate that the proposed optimized deep feedforward neural Network model performed better in accuracy compared to existing machine learning techniques.Conclusion:The proposed optimized deep neural network model is an accurate model for customer attrition analysis in the Banking sector compared to the existing machine learning techniques.
Design & Real-time Implementation of MIDO Converter Based PV Water Pumping System with BES
Authors: Tomar Anuradha 
Published: February 2019

Background:
Despite so many developments, most of the farmers in the rural areas are
still dependent on rainwater, rivers or water wells, for irrigation, drinking water etc. The main reason
behind such dependency is non-connectivity with the National grid and thus unavailability of
electricity. To extract the maximum power from solar photovoltaic (SPV) based system, implementation
of Maximum Power Point Tracking (MPPT) is mandatory. PV power is intermittent in nature.
Variation in the irradiation level due to partial shading or mismatching phenomena leads to the development
of modular DC-DC converters.

Methods:
A stand-alone Multi-Input Dual-Output (MIDO) DC-DC converter based SPV system, is
installed at a farm; surrounded with plants for water pumping with stable flow (not pulsating) along
with battery energy storage (BES) for lighting. The proposed work has two main objectives; first to
maximize the available PV power under shadowing and mismatching condition in case of series/
parallel connected PV modules and second is to improve the utilization of available PV energy
with dual loads connected to it. Implementation of proposed MIDO converter along with BES addresses
these objectives. First, MIDO controller ensures the MPPT operation of the SPV system to
extract maximum power even under partial shading condition and second, controls the power supplied
to the motor-pump system and BES. The proposed system is simulated in MATLAB/ SIMULINK
environment. Real-time experimental readings under natural sun irradiance through hardware
set-up are also taken under dynamic field conditions to validate the performance.

Results and Conclusion:
The inherent advantage of individual MPPT of each PV source in MIDO
configuration, under varying shadow patterns due to surrounding plants and trees is added to common
DC bus and therefore provides a better impact on PV power extraction as compared to conventional
PV based water pumping system. Multi-outputs at different supply voltages is another flag of
MIDO system. Both these aspects are implemented and working successfully at 92.75% efficiency.
Determination of Glutamate and GABA Released by Mouse Embryonic Stem Cells Using HILIC-ESI-MS/MS
Authors: Lv Haoyu , Tang Yabin , Sun Fan , An Shimin , Yang Xinjie , Li Wenbin , Wang Xiaosheng , Zhu Liang 
Published: February 2019

Background:In recent years, more and more researches have shown that neurotransmitters can also be synthesized and released by peripheral non-neural cells. However, specificity and high sensitivity detection means were required for confirming ESCs autocrine glutamate and γ - aminobutyric acid (GABA). Glutamate and GABA are water-soluble and polar compounds which cannot be retained on a reversed phase C18 column, and their contents are often at a trace level. On the other hand, the biological matrix such as cell culture fluid contains a large number of amino acids, vitamins, carbohydrates, inorganic ions and other substances. Therefore, the main problem is the selection of the chromatographic column to avoid matrix interference.Objective:To establish a rapid and reliable method for the simultaneous determination of glutamate and GABA released from embryonic stem cells based on analytical chemistry.Methods:Glutamate and GABA released from mouse embryonic stem cells were determined on the basis of hydrophilic interaction chromatography coupled with electrospray ionization tandem Mass Spectrometry (HILIC- ESI- MS/MS), using isotope internal standards and substitution matrix method.Results:Undifferentiated embryonic stem cells autocrine glutamate and GABA and will reach releasing- reuptacking dynamic equilibriums at different time points. In contrast, neither glutamate nor GABA releasing could be detected from the MEFs, indicating the specificity release of the mESCs in the applied analytic method.Conclusion:A novel, simple, sensitive, selective and quantitative method was developed for determination of the glutamate and GABA from mouse embryonic stem cells.
Dari Mukjizat ke Pemerataan: Kajian Ekonomi Petani Indragiri Hulu 1980—2010
Authors: Zubir Zaiyardan 
Published: February 2019

Indonesian economic development in the Soeharto’s New Order brought a miracle and absolute poverty. In the case of Indragiri Hulu’s community farmer, that miracle looked up from the massive development oil palm plantation as well as the rapid growth of cities and liveliness of population around the plantation area. While absolute poverty was seen from the deprivation and deforestation of hutan lindung (protected forests), hutan larangan (prohibited forests), hutan adat (customary forests), and hutan ulayat also the expropriation of inhabitan’s land without compensation. Moreover, oil palm plantations changed the status of the surrounding community (from landowners to be labourers), eliminated their additional income, then caused bareforests and flood every rainy.
Deregulasi Bursa Efek Jakarta, 1987—1997
Authors: Rohman Suparjo 
Published: February 2019

This paper discussed about deregulations in Jakarta Stock Exchange on periods 1987-1997 that used history method, that comprise with heuristic, critic, interpretation, and historiography. The purposes about this research are to know historicalback ground and the impacts of government’s deregulations toward Jakarta Stock Exchange in 1987 until 1997. The Jakarta Stock Exchange that has activated by Soeharto’s Era have purposes to create equity distribution income. In efforts to achieve this goal, the government set up some rules about capital markets. In practice, these rules caused the Jakarta Stock Exchange experienced a decline. To solve the causeds, the government make deregulation of capital market. Deregulation aimed to eliminating overly burdensome regulation of capital markets. The Deregulation of capital markets is Paket Desember 1987, Paket Desember 1988, SK Menteri Keuangan No. 1055/KMK.013/1989 and S.K. Menteri Keuangan No. 1548/KMK.013/1990. The impact of deregulation, Jakarta Stock Exchange experienced a boom in 1987-1989. In the long-period impact, Jakarta Stock Exchange is open for foreign investors and then subjected to privatization.