bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Les salaires dans l'industrie, le commerce et les services en 1965
Authors: Padieu René 
Published: October 2019

Les déclarations annuelles «modèle 2460 » sont, actuellement, la source d'information la plus complète sur les salaires, et l'exploitation régulière que l'I.N.S.E.E. en fait depuis quinze ans est devenue traditionnelle. Pourtant, la statistique souffre ici d'être en quelque sorte un sous-produit d'un document administratif à l'origine imparfaitement adapté à cet usage. Toutefois, ce document a pu être progressivement amélioré par la Direction générale des impôts. Divers progrès ont été réalisés dans les méthodes d'exploitation. D'autres aménagements sont à l'étude et l'on pense, d'ici quelques années, disposer là d'un instrument de connaissance très précieux.
Le progrès accompli cette année vise à une meilleure appréciation de l'évolution des salaires individuels. La croissance annuelle des salaires est désormais bien connue. Le fait mérite d'être souligné car il constitue un changement radical d'orientation : on prenait jusqu'ici bien soin de préciser que l'exploitation des «états 2460 » ne fournissait, avec quelque approximation, que des indications sur la structure instantanée des salaires, mais qu'il aurait été vain de vouloir, par ce moyen, apprécier l'évolution des salaires dans le temps.
Dorénavant, les évolutions sont connues au contraire avec plus de précision que les niveaux absolus ou relatifs ; pour ceux-ci, la nouvelle méthode n'apporte aucune amélioration et les réserves habituelles demeurent. La seule restriction à ce qui vient d'être ait concerne l'évolution du salaire moyen des diverses catégories socio-professionnelles : il semble que l'imprécision qui affecte la détermination de celles-ci empêche d'obtenir des chiffres suffisamment sûrs.
De 1964 à 1965, la masse salariale apparaît en augmentation de 7 %, augmentation plus rapide dans le secteur tertiaire que dans l'industrie. Dans le même temps, le salaire moyen par tête croissait de 6 % et ce résultat semble en bon accord avec ceux de l'enquête trimestrielle du ministère des affaires sociales.
A Study of Priority Sector Lending by State Bank of India
Authors: Manjushree S , Giridhar K V 
Published: October 2019

Priority sector lending is a scheme directed s per Government of India. As per RBI directive, commercial banks advised to granting 40% of their total advances to borrowers in the priority sectors. Priority means to give preference and privilege. Priority sector lending refers to those sectors of the economy which may not grow in prudent and satisfactory crediting in absence of this special dispensation. Typically, these are small value loans to farmers for agriculture and allied activities, micro and small enterprises, poor people for education and other low- income groups and weaker section. This paper provides a platform to understand the problems and prospects of priority sector lending in state bank of India in Bhadravathi. The study has used both primary and secondary data. The data collected is embodied by using tables and analysis was done by using percentage analysis and statistical tool like X2 test is also used.
Campus Interviews – Gateway to Future
Authors: Usha V , Kalanithi L R S 
Published: October 2019

Education paves way to sustain human life. Its chief focus is to teach the human values, develop Education paves way to sustain human life. Its chief focus is to teach the human values, developintellect, emotions, empathy, extricate opportunities to rise to the occasion and contribute to theoverall growth of the society. Ultimately this should provide an individual, an all-round developmentt o observe, understand and to be a part of the larger community. This education is obtained formally, non-formally and informally. Informal learning occursin a variety ofplaces, such as athome, work and through daily interactions and shared relationships among members of society. For many learners, this includes language acquisition, cultural medians and manners. Formal learningis commonly divided into different stages such as Pre-School, Elementary School, High School, Higher Secondary School and then College/University orApprenticeship through various industries.The School Education systemin India has 4 distinct levels such as Lower Primary (ages 6-10) Upper Primary (age 11 & 12) High (13 – 15) and Higher Secondary (17 &18). Then we have the Tertiary Education which is the threshold to employment. This Tertiary level includes 3 years of Under Graduation and 2 years of Post-Graduation and then Research Activities which are optional.
All these lay foundation to one’s career for sustenance or “Survival of the Fittest” as told by theAll these lay foundation to one’s career for sustenance or “Survival of the Fittest” as told by the English Naturalist Charles Darwin (1809-1882) in his Origin of Species Theory. The college-level focused education in due course determines the career prospects of the young graduates.
After 1990s there is a paradigmatic shift in the employment in India, that instead of the candidates running helter-skelter for employment, the employers knock at the door of Higher Institutions. Campus Interviews bridge the gap between the Employers and the prospective Employees. In ourcontext, the final year UG/PG students are the Prospective Employees who are eligible for Campus Interviews. Campus Interviews offer final year UG/PG students a great opportunity to get a suit-able job during the course of their academic pursuits and provide them a secure future before the completion of their course itself. This process includes the various stages such as: Pre-Placement Talk, Aptitude Test, Technical Test, Group Discussion, HR Interview and Personal Interviews.
This paper purports the role of various Employing Agencies who consistently contact the colleges/Universities through Campus Interviews to select their prospective employees. Also it brings tolimelight the various top notch companies in Chennai which absorb the creamy layer among theeligible students.
Impact of Contract Farming on Economic Status of the Farmers Practicing Contract Farming
Authors: Harish N 
Published: October 2019

This article focused on the economic impact of contract farming on respondents who are involved in contract farming. The various economic indicators of impact on contract framers are discussed. The study was conducted in two districts of Karnataka state viz., Bangalore Rural and Tumakuru. Two taluks each from each district, Tumakuru and Gubbi taluks from Tumakuru district and Nelamangala and Doddaballapura taluks from Bangalore Rural district were selected. Total three crops were selected based on simple random sampling techniques; the sample size was Gherkin 35, Tomato 35, Watermelon 10 and non-contract farmers 20 from each taluks of two districts.
Wear behaviour of duplex (PN+PVD) treated layers produced on X42CR13 steel
Authors: Siddiqui Shiraz Ahmed , Mária Marosné Berkes 
Published: September 2019

Wear, corrosion and fatigue are among the most important mechanisms that lead to surface damage, which, ultimately, leads to failure of the components. There is an increasing demand for reducing failures and the related costs due to wear and surface shortcomings of heavily loaded engineering components. Thus, application of surface technologies gives a great potential for saving resources and providing improved technology.
The presented research work involves characterization of a duplex treated i.e. plasma nitrided (at two different temperatures 520 °C, 550 °C) and PVD coated – X42Cr13/W plastic mould tool steel with special emphasis on the ball-on-disc wear behaviour of tested specimens. The objective is to study and evaluate the effect of different nitriding treatments prior to coating on the wear behaviour of specimens having different surface preparations. Also, it has been established that duplex treatment (plasma nitriding + physical vapour deposition [PVD] coating) gives better and improved properties as compared to individual treatments.
Sonrisas de esperanza, un proyecto inclusión social
Authors: Martín Moya Luz Amarilys , Parra Cruz Addys , Parra Iraola Sandra Susana , Ponce Faula Celia Fernanda 
Published: October 2019

<p align="left"> Los pacientes con algún tipo de discapacidad, tienen menor acceso a la atención odontológica, y requieren de sus cuidadores y de la gestión comunitaria para recibir estos servicios. Se realizó un corte transversal a los resultados del proyecto de Vinculación “Sonrisas de Esperanza” en la Carrera Odontología de la USGP, con el objetivo de caracterizar la población según variables demográficas, precisar el tipo de discapacidad, diagnostico odontológico y tratamiento. El universo de estudio estuvo constituido por pacientes pertenecientes a la fundación FADINNAF, y sus cuidadores. La fuente primaria de la investigación fueron las historias clínicas, realizadas por los estudiantes y docentes. Las variables estudiadas fueron: Edad, Sexo, Tipo de discapacidad, Diagnóstico odontológico y Tratamiento. Como principales resultados, se encontró que las discapacidades físicas fueron más frecuentes, predominó el sexo femenino, y el grupo etáreo de 50 a 59 años. Existe alto índice de caries, mala higiene bucal y dientes perdidos en la población estudiada; las actividades preventivas tuvieron mayor frecuencia en el estudio.</p>
Referentes históricos sobre algunas doctrinas del Sistema de Derecho Internacional Privado
Authors: Diaz Rodríguez Brenner Fabián , Farfán Pinoargote Dayton Francisco , González Andarcia María Esther 
Published: October 2019

<p>El derecho internacional privado resuelve la disparidad legislativa y ayuda a regular indirectamente las relaciones entre actores en conflicto. El marco jurídico del derecho internacional privado, permite crear confianza en las transacciones de tipo civil y comercial, así como en los procesos de negociación. El propósito de sin agotar el tema hacer un breve recorrido por las doctrinas de los principales exponentes en los diferentes sistemas del derecho internacional privado. La metodología utilizada fue el método de análisis y síntesis en diferentes documentos legales que existen, así como mediante el método histórico lógico que constituyó una importante herramienta en la búsqueda del surgimiento en varios países, así como destacando varias personalidades que realizaron sus aportes en el desarrollo del derecho internacional privado. Los resultados evidencian la propuesta de un esquema organizativo adoptado en el estudio que permitió bridar una secuencia de acontecimientos en su surgimiento el derecho internacional privado. Se concluye haciendo una elaboración histórica sobre el pensamiento y la práctica legislativa del derecho internacional privado.</p>
Síndrome de fatiga crónica en el personal de la salud de hospitales.
Authors: Cantos Alcivar Gema Julissa 
Published: October 2019

<p>El personal de la salud es vulnerable referente al estrés laboral, y está expuestos a un alto riesgo de padecer el Síndrome de Fatiga Crónica, el cual engloba una serie de patologías que pueden aquejar la vida laboral del trabajador y un alto porcentaje de afectación a nivel familiar, este estudio tiene como objetivo enfatizar cuales son las causas y consecuencias del síndrome de fatiga crónica y la relación del síndrome con otras patologías, la investigación se realizó mediante la revisión sistemática de estudios y evidencias científicas sobre el SFC publicados en los últimos años a través de una búsqueda en bases de datos como PubMed, SciELO, Elsevier, con el uso de palabras clave. De los resultados obtenidos se seleccionaron 33 artículos publicados en varios países, las investigaciones estudiadas involucran variables correspondientes al tema, identificando el SFC como una enfermedad de etiología desconocida relacionada al estilo de vida, factores biológicos y psicosociales del trabajador, lo cual invita al médico ocupacional a vigilar la salud de sus trabajadores en coordinación con el departamento de psicología y juntos adquieran la responsabilidad para abordar esta enfermedad de manera integral mejorando el estado físico y mental del paciente.</p>
Síndrome de Burnout en Médicos Residentes. “Revisión Sistemática”
Authors: Toala Zambrano Jimmy Roberto 
Published: October 2019

La residencia médica es una etapa fundamental en la preparación y adiestramiento de los nuevos especialistas, la exigencia y dedicación pueden encontrarse al límite esto lleva a los galenos a sufrir el desgaste profesional o síndrome de burnout. <strong>Objetivo.</strong> Determinar la prevalencia del síndrome en los hospitales de habla hispana. <strong>Métodos y Materiales</strong> Estudio de revisión sistemática, el campo de estudio fueron médicos residentes evaluados a través del cuestionario de Maslach burnout inventory (MBI). <strong>Resultados</strong>. Se analizaron 30 artículos, el campo de estudio fueron 2269 residentes con una media de 29 años de edad, la prevalencia del síndrome fue mayor en solteros y mujeres en relación a los médicos casados y hombres. El dato promediado en esta revisión del (SB) fue del 57%, el agotamiento personal 43%, la despersonalización del 35.8% y la realización personal 41%. <strong>Conclusiones.</strong> El desgaste profesional tiene una alta incidencia en la residencia medica sobre otras etapas de desarrollo de la medicina, perjudica la calidad de vida del médico, afecta la calidad de atención, puede tener consecuencias en la salud de los pacientes, por lo que requiere un programa de salud mental que evalúen anualmente a los galenos.
KONTRUKSI PEREMPUAN DALAM FILM HANTU SUNDEL BOLONG
Authors: Agustiningsih Dheka Dwi , Rostiyati Ani 
Published: September 2019

Abstrak Penelitian ini mengkaji film-film horor yang mengangkat mitos mengenai hantu Sundel Bolong sebagai tema cerita. Empat film yang menjadi objek penelitian ini yaitu: Sundel Bolong (1981), Malam Jumat Kliwon (1986), Legenda Sundel Bolong (2007), dan Sundel Bolong 2 (2008). Keempat film tersebut mengisahkan tentang perempuan yang menjadi sundel bolong. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengafirmasi kekerasan seksual yang dialami perempuan. Penelitian ini menggunakan sudut pandang feminisme yang mencakup pembahasan mengenai hubungan seksual, femme fatale, dan teori film feminis. Kajian ini menggunakan metodologi interpretatif yakni suatu pendekatan tafsir yang menggunakan ”teks” sebagai analogi atau model yang memandang, memahami, dan menafsirkan suatu kebudayaan atau gejala sosial budaya tertentu. Kesimpulan dari penelitian ini adalah perempuan dalam film sundel bolong merupakan objek dalam hubungan seksual dan kematiannya merupakan kebangkitannya dalam wujud hantu. Sundel Bolong yang kecewa terhadap laki-laki dan frustrasi muncul sebagai sosok femme fatale dan membalas dendam dengan menggunakan tipu muslihat feminin seperti kecantikan, pesona, dan daya tarik seksual. Penindasan seksualitas perempuan adalah subteks penting dari film horor bertema Sundel Bolong.Kata Kunci:
PERKEMBANGAN BIOSKOP DI KOTA PRABUMULIH 1950 – 2000
Authors: Efrianto Efrianto 
Published: September 2019

Bioskop merupakan sarana hiburan rakyat yang populer dan dinikmati oleh masyarakat dari berbagai lapisan dan kelas ekonomi. Hal ini yang menyebabkan bioskop tumbuh dan berkembang ke berbagai daerah di Indonesia. Kota Prabumulih yang memiliki luas 421,6 Km2 dalam sejarahnya pernah memiliki 5 gedung bioskop. Hal ini jelas menggambarkan bioskop memiliki kenangan tersendiri dalam kehidupan masyarakat di Prabumulih. Tulisan ini mencoba mengungkapkan tentang bioskop di Prabumulih dan kenangan masyarakat ketika menonton di gedung bioskop. Untuk menjawab tujuan penulisan diatas digunakan motede sejarah yang terdiri dari terdiri dari heuristik, kritik sumber, interpretasi dan historiografi. Untuk heuristik diperoleh melalui wawancara, observasi, dokumentasi, dan studi pustaka dengan mengunakan teknis analisis data model interaktif, setelah itu dilanjutkan kritik sumber, interpretasi dan historiografi. Hasil penelitian memperlihatkan bahwa bioskop telah lama hadir di Prabumulih dan setiap gedung bioskop memiliki fasilitas sarana dan prasarana yang berbeda antara gedung bioskop. Perbedaan ini meninggalkan kenangan tersendiri bagai masyarakat di Prabumulih
Synthesis of a dihalogenated pyridinyl silicon rhodamine for mitochondrial imaging by a halogen dance rearrangement
Authors: Matthias Jessica , Kanagasundaram Thines , Kopka Klaus , Kramer Carsten S 
Published: October 2019

Background: Since their first synthesis, silicon xanthenes and the subsequently developed silicon rhodamines (SiR) gained a lot of attention as attractive fluorescence dyes offering a broad field of application. We aimed for the synthesis of a fluorinable pyridinyl silicon rhodamine for the use in multimodal (PET/OI) medical imaging of mitochondria in cancerous cells.Results: A dihalogenated fluorinatable pyridinyl rhodamine could be successfully synthesized with the high yield of 85% by application of a halogen dance (HD) rearrangement. The near-infrared dye shows a quantum yield of 0.34, comparable to other organelle targeting SiR derivatives and absorbs at 665 nm (εmax = 34 000 M−1cm−1) and emits at 681 nm (τ = 1.9 ns). Using colocalization experiments with MitoTracker® Green FM, we could prove the intrinsic targeting ability to mitochondria in two human cell lines (Pearson coefficient >0.8). The dye is suitable for live cell STED nanoscopy imaging and shows a nontoxic profile which makes it an appropriate candidate for medical imaging.Conclusions: We present a biocompatible, nontoxic, small molecule near-infrared dye with the option of subsequent radiolabelling and excellent optical properties for medical and bioimaging. As a compound with intrinsic mitochondria targeting ability, the radiolabelled analogue can be applied in multimodal (PET/OI) imaging of mitochondria for diagnostic and therapeutic use in, e.g., cancer patients.
Vector Resonant Relaxation of Stars around a Massive Black Hole
Authors: Fouvry Jean-Baptiste , Bar-Or Ben , Chavanis Pierre-Henri 
Published: October 2019

Abstract
In the vicinity of a massive black hole, stars move on precessing Keplerian orbits. The mutual stochastic gravitational torques between the stellar orbits drive a rapid reorientation of their orbital planes, through a process called vector resonant relaxation. We derive, from first principles, the correlation of the potential fluctuations in such a system, and the statistical properties of random walks undergone by the stellar orbital orientations. We compare this new analytical approach with numerical simulations. We also provide a simple scheme to generate the random walk of a test star’s orbital orientation using a stochastic equation of motion. We finally present quantitative estimations of this process for a nuclear stellar cluster such as that of the Milky Way.
Fast Recursive Reconnection and the Hall Effect: Hall-MHD Simulations
Authors: Shi 时 Chen 辰 , Tenerani Anna , Velli Marco , Lu San 
Published: October 2019

Abstract
Magnetohydrodynamic (MHD) theory and simulations have shown that reconnection is triggered via a fast “ideal” tearing instability in current sheets whose inverse aspect ratio decreases to

, with S as the Lundquist number defined by the half-length L of the current sheet (of a thickness of 2a). Ideal tearing, in 2D sheets, triggers a hierarchical collapse via stretching of X-points and recursive instability. At each step, the local Lundquist number decreases, until the subsequent sheet thickness either approaches kinetic scales or the Lundquist number becomes sufficiently small. Here we carry out a series of Hall-MHD simulations to show how the Hall effect modifies recursive reconnection once the ion inertial scale is approached. We show that as the ion inertial length becomes of the order of the inner, singular layer thickness at some step of the recursive collapse, reconnection transits from the plasmoid-dominant regime to an intermediate plasmoid+Hall regime and then to the Hall-dominant regime. The structure around the X-point, the reconnection rate, the dissipation property, and the power spectra are also modified significantly by the Hall effect.
Synchrotron Self-Compton as a Likely Mechanism of Photons beyond the Synchrotron Limit in GRB 190114C
Authors: Fraija N. , Duran R. Barniol , Dichiara S. , Beniamini P. 
Published: October 2019

Abstract
GRB 190114C, a long and luminous burst, was detected by several satellites and ground-based telescopes from radio wavelengths to GeV gamma-rays. In the GeV gamma-rays, the Fermi Large Area Telescope detected 48 photons above 1 GeV during the first 100 s after the trigger time, and the MAGIC telescopes observed for more than 1000 s very high-energy (VHE) emission above 300 GeV. Previous analysis of the multi-wavelength observations showed that, although these are consistent with the synchrotron forward-shock model that evolves from a stratified stellar-wind to a homogeneous ISM-like medium, photons above a few GeV can hardly be interpreted in the synchrotron framework. In the context of the synchrotron forward-shock model, we derive the light curves and spectra of the synchrotron self-Compton (SSC) model in a stratified and homogeneous medium. In particular, we study the evolution of these light curves during the stratified-to-homogeneous afterglow transition. Using the best-fit parameters reported for GRB 190114C we interpret the photons beyond the synchrotron limit in the SSC framework and model its spectral energy distribution. We conclude that low-redshift gamma-ray bursts described under a favorable set of parameters as found in the early afterglow of GRB 190114C could be detected at hundreds of GeV, and also afterglow transitions would allow that VHE emission could be observed for longer periods.
High Frequency of Drug Resistance Mutations in the HBV Genome in ART-Experienced HIV-Coinfected Patients in Southwestern Nigeria
Authors: Akanbi Olusola Anuoluwapo , Harms Dominik , Wang Bo , Osundare Folakemi Abiodun , Adesina Olufisayo , Oluremi Adeolu Sunday , Omoruyi Ewean Chukwuma , Kappert Kai , Opaleye Oluyinka Oladele , Bock C.-Thomas 
Published: October 2019

Background HBV and HIV infections are highly endemic in sub-Saharan Africa and Nigeria while HBV–HIV coinfection is not uncommon. Antiretroviral (ART)-treatment for HIV can affect HBV whereby antiviral resistance mutations in the HBV genome can be selected. Here, we determined the prevalence of resistance mutations among ART-experienced and ART-naive HIV–HBV-coinfected patients in southwestern Nigeria. Methods A total of 81 serum samples from HBV–HIV-coinfected patients who were either ART-naive or received lamivudine (3TC)-containing ART-therapy and HBV-monoinfected patients were analysed. Hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg) was detected using ELISA. HBV-positive samples were confirmed by PCR amplification of the surface and polymerase regions. Mutations conferring drug resistance to HBV were analysed by direct sequencing. Phylogenetic analysis was performed to identify the HBV genotype. Results Of the 81 HBsAg-positive samples, 27 had detectable HBV DNA by real-time PCR with mean viral loads of 6.77 log IU/ml. Phylogenetic analyses showed a predominance of HBV genotype E. A high prevalence (22.2%; 6/27) of HBV resistance mutations among ART-experienced HBV–HIV-coinfected patients was detected. However, a relatively high selection rate of resistance mutations in drug-naive HIV–HBV-coinfected (3.7%; 1/27) and in HBV-monoinfected patients, potential drug resistance mutations (7.4%; 2/27) were also observed. HBV polymerase amino acid substitutions found included rtV173L, rtL180M, rtM204V, rtK212R, rtS213T, rtV214A, rtL229V and rtP237A/S. Conclusions Drug resistant mutations were detected frequently in ART-experienced HIV–HBV patients. Well-coordinated antiviral therapy for HIV patients coinfected with HBV should include proper HBV diagnosis and resistance testing to minimize the emergence and spread of antiviral drug resistance.