bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
“Holding the line”—relationship building and challenges when nursing adults with a severe eating disorder
Authors: Brinchmann Berit Støre , Moyo Kathrine Rasch , Stavnes Kristin Anne 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
Background
Eating disorders (EDs) are serious psychiatric disorders that may cause great suffering and reduced quality of life. Severe EDs often lead to somatic complications and have a high mortality rate. The most seriously ill patients need hospitalisation, with a need for highly trained nurses.

Methods
The aim of the study was to investigate challenges when nursing adults with a severe ED, and how to succeed in establishing a therapeutic relationship. A qualitative design was chosen, and individual qualitative interviews conducted with twelve nurses. The analytic method was Braun and Clarke's thematic analysis.

Results
Six main themes were developed: entering the patient’s world of experience (with the subthemes: understanding the patient’s anxiety, understanding the patient's rigidity and need for control and understanding the patient's ambivalence), providing somatic nursing, building relationships, ‘holding the line’ (with the subtheme: demanding and rewarding), manoeuvring between rules and frameworks and providing good nursing care during coercive treatment.

Conclusion
Nursing patients with a severe ED is demanding, requiring somatic as well as psychiatric expertise. The nurse must understand the patient's anxiety, rigidity and need for control, and ambivalence. Nursing patients with a severe ED requires clarity, and steadiness and the nurses must cope with resistance. To succeed, teamwork and support from colleagues are needed.
A pair of promising immune checkpoints PSGL-1 and VISTA from immunotolerance to immunotherapy
Authors: Peng Manqing , Lu Xiaofang , Guo Junshuang , Yin Xiangli , Zhang Jing , Li Xin , Zou Yizhou 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
Immune checkpoints are crucial for regulating immune responses and maintaining self-tolerance, as they play a pivotal role in preventing autoimmunity and facilitating tumor immune evasion. This review concentrates on the immune checkpoint molecules PSGL-1 and VISTA. Both molecules are highly expressed in hematopoietic cells, including T cells and myeloid cells. VISTA functions both as a ligand on myeloid cells, where it regulates cytokine production, chemotaxis, and phagocytosis while promoting their differentiation into a tolerogenic phenotype and as a receptor on T cells, where it contributes to T cell quiescence. PSGL-1, which acts as a binding partner for VISTA, further inhibits T-cell activation and fosters tolerance within the acidic tumor microenvironment. Our review provides a comprehensive analysis of the structure, expression, and biological functions of PSGL-1 and VISTA and emphasizes their therapeutic potential in cancer treatment, autoimmune diseases, and transplantation. The dual role of these checkpoints in immune regulation presents novel opportunities for advancing cancer immunotherapy and developing new strategies for managing autoimmune conditions.
Motivações na Transição para a Monoparentalidade Adotiva
Authors: Pereira-Lima Sibely Joaquina , Féres-Carneiro Terezinha 
Published: December 2024

Este trabalho teve como objetivo investigar as motivações na transição para a monoparentalidade adotiva. Foram entrevistados nove mulheres e três homens, entre 38 e 61 anos, dos extratos socioeconômicos médios da região metropolitana do Rio de Janeiro e de três cidades do sul-sudeste brasileiro. Foi utilizado o método de análise de conteúdo em sua vertente categorial. Para atingir os objetivos deste estudo, foram analisadas duas categorias, usando como referencial teórico as teorias psicanalítica e sistêmica de família: além da infertilidade e motivações para o perfil. Os resultados apontaram que a adoção monoparental foi o meio encontrado para realizar o desejo de ter filho(s) na ausência de um parceiro com quem dividir a parentalidade. Identificações com a história individual do adotante ganharam intensidade e, junto ao desejo de transmitir e de cuidar, motivaram a adoção de crianças com perfis preteridos. Observaram-se identificações envolvendo sentimentos de rejeição, e fantasias de reparação de dívida simbólica, cujos relatos demonstraram um trabalho de reflexão e de conscientização. Concluiu-se que identificações entre perfis preteridos, como o dos adotantes e os das crianças abrigadas, podem constituir motivações para a adoção monoparental, enfatizando-se a relevância de um trabalho de conscientização, favorecendo a adoção.
Nightingale by the death bed: A review on nurses' role and experiences in death and dying
Authors: Bautista Maria Claire M , Indicar Nicca A , Suarez Rodney F , Narvaez Roison Andro 
Published: December 2024

Background: As nurses care for patients at the end of life, they face situations that affect not only their jobs, but other aspects of their lives. However, there is very little research on the psychological impact of caring for terminally ill patients, the challenges that nurses face and their specific coping strategies have not been the subject of much research. Aim: To synthesise the psychological behaviour of nurses working with terminally ill patients and identify their concept of death after caring for terminally ill patients. Method: An integrative review. Results: A total of 17 articles were deemed eligible, wherein 6 themes were generated: (1) the highs and lows of terminal illness care, (2) challenges faced by nurses caring for the terminally ill, (3) the role of nurses in terminal illness care, (4) coping with the effects, (5) coming face to face with one's mortality, and (6) continuing education in terminal illness care. Coping with the effects has two subthemes: (a) coping strategies used by nurses and (b) the role of professional relationships in coping. Conclusion: Nurses need to have a sound mind and body in order for them to be effective when caring for people at the end of life.
The place and importance of palliative care in the fight against COVID-19
Authors: Yildiz Hicran , Budak Serkan 
Published: December 2024

Background: In a pandemic, existing palliative care units may be inadequate and palliative care may need to be provided in other hospital units. Aims: To review and improve the palliative care approach applied during a pandemic. Methods: Studies published between 2019 and 2020 were examined using the keywords ‘fighting against COVID-19 ‘and ‘organisation’ in the PubMed, Ebsco, ScienceDirect and Web of Science databases. Findings: It was determined that the US Mass Critical Care Task Force created a framework for organising palliative care in the fight against the pandemic. It was determined that institutions and organisations implemented practices aligned with this framework during the pandemic. However, due to the evaluation, this framework was limited, and its scope should be expanded. Conclusions: The recommendations in this review and indicated in italics will improve the palliative care approach to be applied during the pandemic.
Family caregivers' experiences of accessing information from healthcare professionals in heart failure
Authors: Robinson Jackie , Raphael Deborah , Waterworth Susan , Gott Merryn 
Published: December 2024

Background: With growing reliance on family caregivers to support people with advanced heart failure and to help them die at home, family caregivers need the relevant information to support this. However, evidence has shown that families continue to have deficits in their knowledge of heart failure and what to expect as the disease advances. This can lead to a high level of uncertainty and stress for family. Aim: To explore family caregivers experiences of accessing information from healthcare professionals when caring for someone with heart failure. Method: A qualitative exploratory study design was adopted using a critical realist approach. The study was conducted in one large urban area of Aotearoa New Zealand. Participants were family caregivers of people who had died between April and November 2019. Data was collected using semi-structured telephone interviews. Results: A total of 15 family caregivers participated. A thematic analysis identified three themes related to accessing information from healthcare professionals: 1) gaining access to healthcare professionals 2) developing, understanding and translating information and 3) receiving information in a timely manner. Conclusions: Findings highlight the difficulites that family carers of people with heart failure experience in accessing, receiving and understanding the information they require. Further research is needed on supporting healthcare professionals to develop skills in appearing accessible within an environment of ‘busyness’. Furthermore, investigating strategies which will enable healthcare settings to be more responsive and flexible to the needs of family caregivers is needed.
Unravelling the challenge of cotrimoxazole and rifampin resistance in B. melitensis and B. abortus: A systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Beig Masoumeh , Ebrahimi Elaheh , Moradkasani Safoura , Goodarzi Forough , Sholeh Mohammad , Golab Narges 
Published: December 2024

Background
Brucellosis caused by Brucella (B. abortus) and Brucella melitensis (B. melitensis) poses a significant threat to human and animal populations. The World Health Organization (WHO) recommends rifampin and cotrimoxazole as first-line treatments for pediatric brucellosis. However, emerging resistance to these antibiotics raises concerns regarding their continued efficacy. This systematic review and meta-analysis aimed to quantitatively assess the prevalence of rifampin and cotrimoxazole resistance in B. abortus and B. melitensis.

Methods
Eligible studies were identified by systematically searching various databases, such as Scopus, PubMed, Web of Science, and EMBASE databases, using specified search terms until 18 June 2024. The inclusion criteria required studies in English to report the resistance proportion with sample size details. The meta-analysis utilized a random-effects model to assess heterogeneity using the Q-test and I2 statistic. Meta-regression and subgroup analyses explored temporal, geographical, and guideline-related variations in resistance prevalence.

Results
Among the 905 records, 59 studies spanning 21 countries (1976 to 2024) met the inclusion criteria. The prevalence of cotrimoxazole resistance, based on 3,756 isolates, was 0.034 (95% CI, 0.017, 0.068), with increasing trends over time, especially in B. melitensis. Rifampin resistance, involving 3,938 isolates, had a prevalence of 0.046 (95% CI, 0.027, 0.077), showing temporal and species-specific increases. Subgroup analyses revealed significant variations in resistance based on temporal, geographical, and guideline-related factors.

Conclusions
This systematic review and meta-analysis highlighted an alarming rise in cotrimoxazole and rifampin resistance in B. abortus and B. melitensis, particularly in pediatric brucellosis. Temporal, geographical, and species-specific variations underscore the dynamic nature of antibiotic resistance, emphasizing the need for targeted interventions, surveillance, and global collaboration to preserve the efficacy of essential antibiotics in brucellosis treatment. The limitations include potential biases and the retrospective nature of the included studies, emphasizing the urgent need for standardized surveillance methodologies and robust reporting mechanisms.
Activity of glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenease and its correlation with inflammatory factors in diabetic retinopathy
Authors: Liu Dan , Cheng Chuchu , Zhou Lan , Zeng Qiqiao , Zi Tao , Chen Gongyi , Sun Hongyan , Li Cunzi , Wang Jun , Yang Ming-Ming 
Published: December 2024

Purpose
This study aims to explore glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase (G6PD) activity in diabetic retinopathy (DR) and its correlation with inflammatory factors, elucidating the regulatory role of G6PD in DR pathology.

Methods
A total of 151 T2DM patients were divided into three groups: diabetes without retinopathy (DNR, n = 59), non-proliferative retinopathy (NPDR, n = 46) and proliferative retinopathy (PDR, n = 49). Plasma G6PD activity was measured by a Randox G6PD kit and compared between these groups. Then the G6PD activity was correlated with inflammatory cytokines and metabolic parameters in these patients. A STZ-induced diabetic rat model was established, G6PD activity was validated by western blot and immunofluorescence staining in the retina of this model.

Results
Plasma G6PD activity decreased in the order of DNR, NPDR and PDR groups (P<0.01). G6PD activity was negatively correlated with IL-6, IL-8, TNF-α, cholesterol, and LDL (r = -0.1625, -0.1808, -0.1865, -0.1747, r = -0.1807, P<0.05). Multiple regression analysis showed TNF-α, IL-6, and LDL were independent related factors for G6PD. Logistic regression analysis showed G6PD, triglyceride, cholesterol, IL-8, TNF-α, and macular edema were influencing factors for T2DM with DR. Western Blot analysis indicated a significant reduction of G6PD expression in the retina, and immunofluorescence staining showed distribution of G6PD especially in the retinal endothelium cell decreased.

Conclusion
G6PD may play an important role in DR occurrence and progression, with decreased expression correlating closely with lipid metabolism and inflammatory factors.
Health professionals’ stigmatizing attitudes towards people with mental illness: A cross-sectional study in a referral hospital in Uganda
Authors: Abaatyo Joan , Nyemara Novatus , Ashaba Scholastic 
Published: December 2024

Background
Health professionals in primary care settings show stigmatizing attitudes towards people with mental illness (PMI), leading to undermined quality of care delivered. However, information is sparse on stigmatizing attitudes of health professionals towards PMI in Uganda. This study aimed to discover the levels of stigmatizing attitudes towards PMI and associated factors among health professionals in Uganda.

Method
We enrolled 254 health professionals at Mbarara Regional Referral Hospital in a cross-sectional study. Community attitude towards mental illness-2 (CAMI-2) scale was used to assess stigmatizing for attitudes. Linear regression was used to determine factors associated with level of stigmatizing attitudes.

Results
The average overall CAMI score for all participants was 91.1±16.6. Nurses/midwives compared to doctors had significantly higher total CAMI score (p<0.001), and higher malevolent (p = 0.01) and non-acceptance attitudes (p = 0.02) than doctors. Doctors had significantly lower authoritarian attitudes than clinical officers, (p = 0.004). Being male (aCoef: -4.86; p = 0.02), increase in compassion satisfaction (aCoef: -0.44; p = 0.02), and increased mental health knowledge (aCoef: -2.90; p = <0.001), increased likelihood of having lower levels of stigmatizing attitudes, while being a non-psychiatric health professional was associated with higher levels of stigmatizing attitudes (aCoef: 12.08; p = 0.01).

Conclusion
Health professionals exhibit moderate levels of stigmatizing attitudes towards PMI and stigmatizing attitudes are more among nurses/midwives. Various steps including providing education and training on mental illness, promoting community integration and social inclusion, and advocating for policies, should be taken to reduce stigmatizing attitudes of health professionals towards PMI.
Exploring caregiver experiences and support needs in end-of-life care for people living with HIV: A scoping review protocol
Authors: Kokorelias Kristina M. , Eaton Andrew D. , Wasilewski Marina , Redublo Tyler , Sirisegaram Luxey 
Published: December 2024

Background and objectives
End-of-life care supports individuals in the last few weeks or months of their life and their caregivers, offering psychosocial support, symptom management and relief, and resources. While some of the first public end-of-life care facilities were established due to HIV/AIDS, the current needs of caregivers for people living with end-stage HIV are not well understood. Caregivers provide two-thirds of the care for people living with HIV, yet their specific support needs and experiences are under-researched. Existing strategies often use a “one-size-fits-all” approach, which may not address the unique challenges faced by these caregivers, such as stigma and lack of social support. This study aims to synthesize the literature on the end-of-life care experiences and needs of caregivers for individuals living with HIV.

Research design and methods
A scoping review, guided by Arksey and O’Malley’s framework and the Joanna Briggs Institute’s recommendations, will be conducted. An Information Specialist will assist in developing a search strategy to be applied across databases like Medline, Embase, PsycINFO, and PubMed. Search results from each database will be imported into Covidence software for duplicate removal and title and abstract screening. Two researchers will independently screen studies using the ‘Population–Concept–Context’ (PCC) framework, with screening conducted at two levels: title and abstract, and full-text. The inclusion criteria will be piloted on a random sample of articles to ensure inter-rater agreement (kappa statistic >0.61). Disagreements will be resolved through discussion or with the involvement of a content expert if needed. Final selections will be reported using the PRISMA flow diagram, and reasons for exclusion will be documented.

Discussion and implications
The findings from this scoping review will provide valuable insights into the end-of-life care experiences and support needs of caregivers for individuals living with HIV. By identifying common themes and challenges, such as caregiver fatigue, emotional strain, stigma, and lack of social support, this study will underscore the inadequacy of the current “one-size-fits-all” approach in addressing the unique needs of these caregivers. This research has the potential to influence both clinical practice and policy by advocating for more personalized support strategies within end-of-life care settings.
HDPE/hydroxyapatite/zeolite composite – characterization and in vitro cytotoxicity
Authors: Appusamy Anandha Moorthy , Lakshmanan Senthil Kumar Kallippatti , Chinnappan Balaji Ayyanar , Subramaniyan Madheswaran 
Published: December 2024

The HDPE/HA/zeolite (65/30/5) composite was obtained by injection molding. Hydroxyapatite (HA) was synthetized using microwave technique. FT-IR showed the presence of hydroxyl and phosphate functional groups. The structure was studied using X-ray diffraction (XRD), and field emission scanning electron microscope (FESEM). The energy dispersive X-ray analysis (EDAX) revealed the presence of O, Ca, P, C, Na, Cl, and Mg. The composite showed improved tensile strength, compressive strength and hardness compared to pure HDPE. In vitro cytotoxicity studies were conducted using L929 cells line. The tests showed 94% viability and 6% toxicity of cells.
From the Nile to the Black Sea
Authors: Abdel Azeem Emad 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
During the New Kingdom period, Egypt had frequent contact with the Hittite kingdom, the largest and most powerful of the Anatolian sub-groups. However, there is less information about Egypt’s relations with its neighbors Arzawa and Kaška. This study focuses on Egypt’s perception of and policy toward Kaška, a lesser known Anatolian sub-group located north along the Black Sea. Since there is no direct correspondence between Egypt and Kaška, the study examines Hittite texts that record contact and conflict with Kaška, as well as mentions of Kaška in correspondence between Egypt and Ḫatti and between Egypt and Arzawa. By synthesizing these records and writings, the study sheds light on Egypt’s view of and policy toward Kaška during the New Kingdom period.
DBH 46B.110 (Bo 4801), ein neues Bruchstück eines Textes zur Erneuerung der Jagdtaschen von Schutzgottheiten (CTH 683.5)
Authors: Groddek Detlev 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
This article revises the Hittite text group CTH 683.5 based on three new joins and newly identified duplicates. While large text sections can thus be nearly completed, a lot of passages remain fragmentary, and their translation therefore remains necessarily tentative. The paper concludes with some remarks concerning selected entries of Hittite vocabulary.
Metals in the Third Millennium BC
Authors: Archi Alfonso 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
The documents of the Central Archive of Ebla systematically cover forty-one or forty-two years for some administrative sectors, while those concerning primary production are only preserved at random. Monthly documents register the expenditures of the textile production by the Administration. A series of annual documents concerns the incomes of unwrought metals, objects in metal, and clothing, while another one concerns the expenditures of metals in the form of plates and in many kinds of objects. Hundreds of undatable documents, moreover, register particular incomes or expenditures of these goods. The rate between silver and gold was for many years 5 : 1 (reduced later to 3: 1, and even to 2.5 : 1). It is therefore possible (in the limits of this documentation) to determine on the one hand the incomes of metals through the deliveries of the ministers and other officials, together with those of the tributary cities, and on the other the amounts of the expended metals year after year. The deliveries from the city-states under the hegemony of Ebla prove that all these metals came from the eastern Taurus Mountains. The rate between silver and refined copper was 1 : 30; with unrefined copper 1 : 37,5; with bronze 1 : 7; and with tin 1 : 1.
Using innovative technology tools in organic chemistry education: bibliometric analysis
Authors: Pabuçcu-Akış Aybüke 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
This study focused on investigating the usage of popular innovative technology tools (augmented reality-AR, virtual reality-VR, artificial intelligence-AI, and 3D printing) in organic chemistry education. Although there is bibliometric analysis for the exploration of using innovative technology in educational context, there is further need for research focused on their usage in organic chemistry. Vosviewer and Biblioshiny software were used for bibliometric procedures. The Scopus database was selected to trace the articles published in journals. Following the eligibility process, the study was conducted with 30 articles for the time frame between January 2014 and June 2024. Performance analysis was utilized to reveal publications and citation trends with the top contributors. Bibliographic mapping was used to comprehend the conceptual, intellectual, and social structures of the retrieved data. The results revealed that articles on innovative technology tools have enormously increased in organic chemistry education recently. We found that the first innovative tool among the selected ones that is utilized in organic chemistry education is 3D printing while AI is the latest tool to start to be used in this scope. Although artificial intelligence seems to be the least studied tool among them, its popularity has recently seen an acceleration. VR and AR had the highest average citations per publication.
Gerechter Friede? Perspektiven zur Friedensethik aus Sicht der Vereinigung Evangelischer Freikirchen
Authors: Iff Markus 
Published: December 2024

Zusammenfassung
Die von der Vereinigung Evangelischer Freikirchen 2015 vorgelegte Orientierungshilfe zur Friedensethik entfaltet einen Friedensbegriff, in dem theologische, ethische und politische Aspekte unterschieden und zueinander ins Verhältnis gesetzt werden. Obwohl die Konzeption des gerechten Friedens nicht zu eigen gemacht wird, kommt in den Blick, dass Frieden soziale Gerechtigkeit, Rechtsstaatlichkeit, Achtung der Menschenrechte und Sicherheit für alle Menschen einschließt. Der Beitrag untersucht diesen Text hinsichtlich seiner Leitlinien zur Friedensethik, der Dimensionen von Frieden sowie des Zusammenhangs von Friedensauftrag, Friedenszeugnis und Friedensarbeit.