bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Video art as digital play for young children
Authors: Leung Suzannie K. Y. , Choi Kimburley W. Y. , Yuen Mantak 
Published: September 2019

AbstractIn the 21st century, along with fine arts, media art has become an important genre for young children. Undoubtedly, early visual arts give children a powerful language with which to express themselves aesthetically, cognitively and creatively through the use of symbolic representations. However, digital play remains a controversial issue in early childhood education, causing many schools to delay implementing digital arts. Recently, a number of international scholars have studied how digital technologies relate to children's learning experiences at school, arguing that open‐ended digital devices (eg, tablet computers, cameras and video recorders) may allow children to produce more creative content, such as drawings, photos and films. This study explored the role of video art in early visual arts education by using digital devices in a summer workshop in Hong Kong on video making, applying the digital play framework to the data collected. The findings revealed that the children who participated were able to explore the professional device through epistemic play. Meanwhile, they were able to use film language to share their toy‐playing stories and make their own 1‐minute video through ludic play. In this study, the children engaged in concurrent exploratory activities, using a digital video recorder and toys to create innovative and imaginative play. The findings of this study increase practitioners' and leaders' awareness of the role of digital play in early childhood education.
Practitioner NotesWhat is already known about this topic?

Digital arts initiatives in early childhood education have been discussed around the world; however, the implementation of digital arts learning projects has been a challenging undertaking in schools.
The digital play framework has been introduced in the previous literature. This framework helps teachers observe, plan for and integrate the use of still‐camera technologies in play‐based learning.
What this paper adds

This study aims to offer practical advice on the integration of video art in children's digital play activities.
It adopts a theoretical lens related to video making to examine techniques and engagement among children in the Asia‐Pacific region.
It supplements the existing digital play framework with additional indicators associated with learning to use video cameras through play.
Implications for practice and policy

This study sheds new light on the application of open‐ended digital devices in children's play and learning.
The results highlight the value of children's play in digital arts and the possibility of integrating digital arts into the early childhood curriculum in schools.
Criteria for recognizing shelf‐slope clinoforms in outcrop; Jurassic Lajas and Los Molles formations, S. Neuquén Basin, Argentina
Authors: Olariu Cornel , Steel Ronald J. , Vann Nataleigh K. , Tudor Eugen P. , Shin Moonsoo , Winter René R. , Gan Yuqian (Philomena) , Jung Eunsil , De Almeida Flavio N. , Giacomone Gabriel , Minisini Daniel , Brinkworth Walter , Loss Maria L. , Iñigo Juan , Gutierrez Raul 
Published: September 2019

AbstractSeismic‐reflection data show that most deepwater (>200 m water depth) basins are filled by sand and mud dispersed across clinoformal geometries characterized by gently dipping topsets, steeper foresets and gently dipping bottomsets. However, the entire geometry of these ubiquitous clinoforms is not always recognized in outcrops. Sometimes the infill is erroneously interpreted as “layer cake” or “ramp” stratigraphy because the topset‐foreset‐bottomset clinoforms are not well exposed. Regional 2‐D seismic lines show clinoforms in the Lower to Middle Jurassic Challaco, Lajas, and Los Molles formations in S. Neuquén Basin in Argentina. Time equivalent shelf, slope and basin‐floor segments of clinoforms are exposed, and can be walked out in hundreds of metres thick and kilometres‐wide outcrops. The studied margin‐scale clinoforms are not representing a continental‐margin but a deepwater shelf margin that built out in a back‐arc basin. Lajas‐Los Molles clinoforms have been outcrop‐mapped by tracing mudstones interpreted as flooding surfaces on the shelf and abandonment surfaces (low sedimentation rate) in the deepwater basin. The downslope and lateral facies variability in the outcrops is also consistent with a clinoform interpretation. The Lajas topset (shelf) is dominated by fluvial and tidal deposits. The shelf‐edge rollover zone is occasionally occupied by a 40–50‐m‐thick coarse‐grained shelf‐edge delta, sometimes incising into the underlying slope mudstones, producing oblique clinoforms expressing toplap erosion on seismic. A muddy transgressive phase capping the shelf‐edge deltas contains tidal sandbodies. Shelf‐edge deltas transition downslope into turbidite‐ and debris flow‐filled channels that penetrate down the mud‐prone Los Molles slope. At the base‐of‐slope, some 300m below the shelf edge, there are basin‐floor fan deposits (>200 m thick) composed of sandy submarine‐fan lobes separated by muddy abandonment intervals. The large‐scale outcrop correlation between topset–foreset–bottomset allows facies and depositional interpretation and sets outcrop criteria recognition for each clinoform segment.
Erythropoietin protects outer blood‐retinal barrier in experimental diabetic retinopathy by up‐regulating ZO‐1 and occludin
Authors: Zhang Chaoyang , Xie Hai , Yang Qian , Yang Yiting , Li Weiye , Tian Haibin , Lu Lixia , Wang Fang , Xu Jing‐Ying , Gao Furong , Wang Juan , Jin Caixia , Xu Guoxu , Xu Guo‐Tong , Zhang Jingfa 
Published: September 2019

AbstractPurposeTo explore the mechanisms of erythropoietin (EPO) in maintaining outer blood‐retinal barrier (BRB) in diabetic rats.MethodsSprague‐Dawley rats were rendered diabetic with intraperitoneal injection of streptozotocin, and then followed by intravitreal injection of EPO. Two and four weeks later, the permeability of outer BRB was examined with FITC‐dextran leakage assay, following a method to demarcate the inner and outer retina based on retinal blood supply. The glyoxal‐treated ARPE‐19 cells, incubated with EPO, soluble EPO receptor (sEPOR), Gö6976, or digoxin, were studied for cell viability and barrier function. The expressions of ZO‐1, occludin, VEGFR2, HIF‐1α, MAPKs, and AKT were examined with Western blot and immunofluorescence.ResultsThe major Leakage of FITC‐dextran was detected in the outer nuclear layer in both 2‐ and 4‐week diabetic rats. The leakage was largely ameliorated in EPO‐treated diabetic rats. The protein expressions of ZO‐1 and occludin in the RPE‐Bruch's membrane choriocapillaris complex were significantly decreased, whereas HIF‐1α and JNK pathways were activated, in 4‐week diabetic rats. These changes were prevented by EPO treatment. The in vitro study with ARPE‐19 cells confirmed these changes, and the protective effect of EPO was abolished by sEPOR. Gö6976 and digoxin rescued the tight junction and barrier function in glyoxal‐treated ARPE‐19 cells.ConclusionsIn early diabetic rats, the outer BRB might be more severely damaged and its breakdown is the major factor for retinal oedema. EPO maintains the outer BRB integrity through down‐regulation of HIF‐1α and JNK signallings, and thus up‐regulating ZO‐1 and occludin expressions in RPE cells.
Standing‐type magnetically guided capsule endoscopy versus gastroscopy for gastric examination: multicenter blinded comparative trial
Authors: Lai Hua‐sheng , Wang Xin‐ke , Cai Jian‐qun , Zhao Xin‐mei , Han Ze‐long , Zhang Jie , Chen Zhen‐yu , Lin Zhi‐zhao , Zhou Ping‐hong , Hu Bing , Li Ai‐min , Liu Si‐de 
Published: September 2019

AimTo compare feasibility and safety after gastrointestinal checkup by standing‐type magnetically controlled capsule endoscopy (SMCE) and conventional gastroscopy.MethodsThis was a prospective multicenter, blinded study that compared SMCE with gastroscopy in patients from April 2018 to July 2018. All patients first underwent SMCE and then subsequently had gastroscopy with i.v. anesthesia. We calculated the compliance rates of gastric lesion detection by SMCE using gastroscopy as the standard. Capsule retention rate, incidence of adverse events, and patient satisfaction were documented throughout the study.ResultsOne hundred and sixty‐one patients who completed SMCE and gastroscopy were included in the analysis. Positive compliance rate among SMCE and gastroscopy was 92.0% (95% CI: 80.77%–97.78%). Negative compliance rate was 95.5% (89.80%, 98.52%). Moreover, overall compliance rate was 94.41% (89.65%, 97.41%). Sixty‐four pathological outcomes were identified. Of these 64 outcomes, 50 were detected by both procedures. The gastroscopy method neglected seven findings (such as five erosions, one polyp, and one ulcer). Furthermore, SMCE also overlooked seven lesions (i.e. one erosion, two polyps, one atrophy, and three submucosal tumors). Capsule retention or related adverse events were not reported.ConclusionStanding‐type magnetically controlled capsule endoscopy provides equivalent agreement with gastroscopy and may be useful for screening of gastric illnesses without any anesthesia.
Consequential life cycle assessment of miscanthus livestock bedding, diverting straw to bioelectricity generation
Authors: Yesufu Jalil , McCalmont Jon P. , Clifton‐Brown John C. , Williams Prysor , Hyland John , Gibbons James , Styles David 
Published: September 2019

AbstractStraw is an important livestock bedding material facing increasing demand for alternative uses in Europe and is often transported long distances from arable to livestock regions. Alternative bedding materials cultivated directly on livestock farms could potentially avoid this transport and competition for use. For the first time, we applied consequential life cycle assessment (LCA) to account for the direct and indirect implications of miscanthus bedding production on livestock farms, considering displacement of fodder or livestock, and substitution of fossil fuels with straw in electricity generation. We modelled the effect of substituting straw with ‘home‐grown’ miscanthus bedding across seven beef and sheep farms. The consequences of displacing grass forage (or animal) production with home‐grown miscanthus bedding cultivation were evaluated via three farmer decision scenarios: buy extra concentrate feed (D1), utilize remaining pasture areas more efficiently (D2) and buy grass silage (D3). Electricity generated from displaced straw (bedding) substituted either natural gas or coal electricity. Sensitivity analyses were undertaken using 34 scenario permutations to represent combinations of feed and electricity substitution, miscanthus fertilization rates and yields, and the quality of displaced pasture. Consequential LCA indicates that miscanthus bedding production could be environmentally beneficial, under scenarios involving D2 and D3. However, greenhouse gas emissions and wider environmental burdens may be increased under D1 scenarios, owing to the environmental cost of additional concentrate feed production, and possible indirect land use change, outweighing the benefits from: (a) fossil electricity substitution with straw bioelectricity; (b) reduced animal emissions via improved digestibility of concentrate feed; (c) avoided straw transport. The ratio of the yield of miscanthus to replaced grass was found to be a critical determinant of D1 environmental outcomes. We conclude that if grass forage production can be better managed, the use of miscanthus as a bedding material on livestock farms provides environmental benefits via diversion of straw to bioenergy use.
‘Penal Drift’ and the Voluntary Sector
Authors: MAGUIRE MIKE , WILLIAMS KATE , CORCORAN MARY 
Published: September 2019

AbstractThis article explores the concept of ‘penal drift’ – the gradual adoption of criminal justice culture, language, and working practices – in voluntary sector organisations (VSOs) commissioned to deliver services to offenders. It identifies increases in coerced attendance, obligations to report non‐compliance, targets to reduce reoffending, and contracts to ‘process’ high caseloads, as factors behind such drift, which can jeopardise relationships with service users and the sector's traditional ‘value‐driven’ approach. It is concluded that most VSOs have so far managed to resist these threats and to balance contractual obligations with adherence to core values. However, this comes at a cost in staff time and energy and is difficult to sustain. There are concerns that the longer‐term effects may be quite damaging to the sector.
Inside or Outside the Criminal Justice System? The Example of Community Chaplaincy
Authors: DOMINEY JANE 
Published: September 2019

AbstractThis examines explores the ways in which voluntary sector organisations working in the area of crime and justice operate both inside and outside the criminal justice system, moving between the worlds of the correctional services and the community. It examines the inclusionary and exclusionary nature of the control exercised by the penal voluntary sector and raises questions about legitimacy and the work of the sector. The article takes the example of community chaplaincy to develop these debates, drawing on empirical evidence from a study conducted in 2016 and 2017. It explores the nature of community chaplaincy mentoring relationships, setting this in the context of the faith‐based foundation of community chaplaincy. It concludes that the organisation must exist in both the community and the correctional worlds, adopting and shifting positions that reflect the needs of service users, volunteers, commissioners and funders.
Estimating the economic value of emerging technologies in chronic wound therapy
Authors: Fetterolf Donald E. 
Published: September 2019

AbstractEstimating the economic value of emerging technologies in clinical medicine presents a number of problems. New technologies may have a limited clinical history, few supportive peer‐reviewed publications, and only anecdotal evidence as they enter the market and seek clinician approval and reimbursement from payers. Although clinical efficacy/effectiveness research is a minimal starting point for making the case for adoption of a product, establishing a competitive cost‐effectiveness position against other products and establishing the case for economic value must be made as well when presenting to health plans or other payers. Economic valuation methods have been well developed in the business community. Reviewed here are the components of a well‐crafted case for the economic value of a product in general and in the wound industry specifically, in a multidomain approach to demonstrate values using demographic, clinical, financial, operational, and intangible assessments.
Survey of acceptor dopants in SrTiO3: Factors limiting room temperature hole concentration
Authors: Bowes Preston C. , Baker Jonathon N. , Irving Douglas L. 
Published: September 2019

AbstractUnintentional impurities often found in strontium titanate (doped or undoped) have hindered efforts to study individual impurities experimentally. To fill this gap, a computational survey of acceptor‐type point defects of common intentional or unintentional impurities (Al, Cu, Fe, K, Mg, Mn, N, Na, Ni, and Zn) is presented. Utilizing defect formation energies from density functional theory using hybrid exchange correlation functionals in a grand canonical model of the defect chemistry, the equilibrium Fermi level (μe) was calculated as a function of processing conditions for pure SrTiO3, SrTiO3 individually doped with each impurity, and SrTiO3 co‐doped with Al and N. Above a certain concentration, each impurity reduced the maximum predicted hole concentration relative to the intrinsic case. Al, Mg, Zn, K, and Na exhibited similar trends and behaved more like ideal acceptors while N, Ni, Fe, Mn, and Cu were all unique and pinned μe near or above the mid‐gap in most conditions. Al/N:SrTiO3 also exhibited similar trends at 800°C for all Al/N ratios, but more variation at 25°C. Additionally, the behavior of Al:SrTiO3 was not recovered until Al/N = 104. This suggests that to achieve SrTiO3 with free holes at room temperature, the concentration of most impurities must be controlled.
A quantitative systematic review of the association between nurse skill mix and nursing‐sensitive patient outcomes in the acute care setting
Authors: Twigg Diane E. , Kutzer Yvonne , Jacob Elisabeth , Seaman Karla 
Published: September 2019

AbstractAimsTo examine the association between nurse skill mix (the proportion of total hours provided by Registered Nurses) and patient outcomes in acute care hospitals.DesignA quantitative systematic review included studies published in English between January 2000 – September 2018.Data sourcesCochrane Library, CINAHL Plus with Full Text, MEDLINE, Scopus, Web of Science and Joanna Briggs Institute were searched. Observational and experimental study designs were included. Mix‐methods designs were included if the quantitative component met the criteria.Review methodsThe Systematic Review guidelines of the Joanna Briggs Institute and its critical appraisal instrument were used. An inverse association was determined when seventy‐five percent or more of studies with significant results found this association.ResultsSixty‐three articles were included. Twelve patient outcomes were inversely associated with nursing skill mix (i.e., higher nursing skill mix was significantly associated with improved patient outcomes). These were length of stay; ulcer, gastritis and upper gastrointestinal bleeds; acute myocardial infarction; restraint use; failure‐to‐rescue; pneumonia; sepsis; urinary tract infection; mortality/30‐day mortality; pressure injury; infections and shock/cardiac arrest/heart failure.ConclusionNursing skill mix affected 12 patient outcomes. However, further investigation using experimental or longitudinal study designs are required to establish causal relationships. Consensus on the definition of skill mix is required to enable more robust evaluation of the impact of changes in skill mix on patient outcomes.ImpactSkill mix is perhaps more important than the number of nurses in reducing adverse patient outcomes such as mortality and failure to rescue, albeit the optimal staffing profile remains elusive in workforce planning.
Obesity in youth and adults with intellectual disability in Europe and Eurasia
Authors: Sadowsky Molly , McConkey Roy , Shellard Amy 
Published: September 2019

AbstractBackgroundInformation about obesity among people with intellectual disability comes mostly from small‐scale, national samples in high‐income countries. There are limited data from transnational studies.MethodBMI scores had been obtained for over 25,000 youth and adults with intellectual disabilities drawn from 60 European and Eurasian countries. Their height and weight had been measured using standardized procedures when they attended Special Olympics Healthy Athletes events.ResultsBinary logistic regression identified higher levels of obesity for athletes living in high‐income countries, and for adult females, for those aged 30 years and over, and also for youth aged 8–13 years.ConclusionsParticipation in sports does not appear to have protected these athletes from obesity. Arguably, this remains the most pressing health issue for people with intellectual disability, particularly in Western Europe.
Overcoming Dissent: Socialization in the EU's Political and Security Committee in a Context of Crises
Authors: Michalski Anna , Danielson August 
Published: September 2019

AbstractVarious crises have plagued the EU's foreign policy over the last decade. As some member states increasingly question the founding principles of the EU, it is reasonable to expect that national representatives serving in preparatory bodies in the EU are forced to operate under stricter instructions from their capitals. Nevertheless, strong adherence to the coordination reflex and problem‐solving ethos is still prevalent within the political and security committee (PSC), the main policy coordination body within EU foreign policy. In order to understand this counterintuitive puzzle we conducted interviews with 20 PSC representatives. We found that national representatives primarily internalize and adhere to the rules and practices at the level of the group (procedural norms) rather than the founding principles of the EU (constitutive norms). Contrary to existing research, we argue that a theoretical distinction between these norms is necessary in order to understand fully how crises and contestation affect microlevel socialization.
Association between obesity and adipokines levels in saliva and gingival crevicular fluid: A systematic review and meta‐analysis
Authors: Duffles Letícia Fernanda , Hermont Ana Paula , Abreu Lucas Guimarães , Pordeus Isabela Almeida , Silva Tarcília Aparecida 
Published: September 2019

AbstractAimThis systematic review and meta‐analysis aimed to compare adipokines’ levels in gingival crevicular fluid (GCF) and saliva between individuals with obesity and individuals without obesity.MethodsComputerized searches were conducted in four electronic databases (PubMed, Medline via Ovid, Web of Science, and Scopus). Manual searches and a Google Scholar search, limiting the search to the first 100 hits, were also conducted. Two calibrated authors performed the study selection, data extraction, and quality assessment of included articles. The quality of the included articles was evaluated using the University of Adelaide Tool.ResultsThe electronic searches retrieved 929 titles/abstracts. Following the removal of duplicated references, 613 titles/abstracts were assessed. Thirty‐four articles were included. Meta‐analysis demonstrated that tumor necrosis factor‐α (TNF‐α) concentration in saliva was statistically increased in individuals with obesity compared with individuals without obesity (P < 0.05). By contrast, the meta‐analysis showed no difference in the concentrations of resistin, adiponectin, leptin, ghrelin, and interleukin 6 in saliva and of resistin, adiponectin, leptin, interleukin 6, interleukin 8, tumor necrosis factor α, and plasminogen activator inhibitor 1 in GCF between individuals with and without obesity (P > 0.05).ConclusionsIndividuals with obesity presented higher levels of TNF‐α in saliva than individuals without obesity. TNF‐α in saliva sampling may be a helpful marker for obesity. For the other adipokines, no difference was observed, but the limited availability and heterogeneity of data do not allow us to assertively state whether changes of adipokines in GCF and saliva are associated with obesity.