bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Effects of endurance exercise training on inflammatory circulating progenitor cell content in lean and obese adults
Authors: Niemiro Grace M. , Allen Jacob M. , Mailing Lucy J. , Khan Naiman A. , Holscher Hannah D. , Woods Jeffrey A. , De Lisio Michael 
Published: June 2018

Key points
Chronic inflammation underlies many of the health decrements associated with obesity.
Circulating progenitor cells can sense and respond to inflammatory stimuli, increasing the local inflammatory response within tissues.
Here we show that 6 weeks of endurance exercise training significantly decreases inflammatory circulating progenitor cells in obese adults.
These findings provide novel cellular mechanisms for the beneficial effects of exercise in obese adults.
AbstractCirculating progenitor cells (CPCs) and subpopulations are normally found in the bone marrow, but can migrate to peripheral tissues to participate in local inflammation and/or remodelling. The purpose of this study was to compare the CPC response, particularly the inflammatory‐primed haematopoietic stem and progenitor (HSPC) subpopulation, to a 6 week endurance exercise training (EET) intervention between lean and obese adults. Seventeen healthy weight (age: 23.9 ± 5.4 years, body mass index (BMI): 22.0 ± 2.6 kg m−2) and 10 obese (age: 29.0 ± 8.0 years, BMI: 33.1 ± 6.0 kg m−2) previously sedentary adults participated in an EET. Blood was collected before and after EET for quantification of CPCs and subpopulations via flow cytometry, colony forming unit assays and plasma concentrations of C‐X‐C motif chemokine 12 (CXCL12), granulocyte‐colony stimulating factor (G‐CSF), and chemokine (C‐C motif) ligand 2 (CCL2). Exercise training reduced the number of circulating HSPCs and adipose tissue‐derived mesenchymal stem cells (AT‐MSCs). EET increased the colony forming potential of granulocytes and macrophages irrespective of BMI. EET reduced the number of HSPCs expressing the chemokine receptor CCR2 and the pro‐inflammatory marker TLR4. EET‐induced changes in adipose tissue‐derived MSCs and bone marrow‐derived MSCs were negatively related to changes in absolute fitness. Our results indicate that EET, regardless of BMI status, decreases CPCs and subpopulations, particularly those primed for contribution to tissue inflammation.
Sequencing the Vine of the Soul: Full Chloroplast Genome Sequence of
Banisteriopsis caapi
Authors: Ramachandran Padmini , Zhang Ning , McLaughlin William B. , Luo Yan , Handy Sara , Duke James Alan , Vasquez Rodolfo , Ottesen Andrea 
Published: June 2018

ABSTRACT

Banisteriopsis caapi
is a native South American vine that has been used for centuries by certain tribes along the Amazon basin to treat illnesses. In this study, we present the fully annotated chloroplast genome of
Banisteriopsis caapi
.
Draft Genome Sequence of Pseudomonas sp. Strain B1, Isolated from a Contaminated Sediment
Authors: Pathak Ashish , Jaswal Rajneesh , Stothard Paul , Brooks Scott , Chauhan Ashvini 
Published: June 2018

ABSTRACT

The draft genome sequence of
Pseudomonas
sp. strain B1, isolated from a contaminated soil, is reported. The genome comprises 6,706,934 bases, 6,059 coding sequences, and 70 RNAs and has a G+C content of 60.3%. A suite of biodegradative genes, many located on genomic islands, were identified from strain B1, further enhancing our understanding of the versatile pseudomonads.
Sequencing and Annotation of the Genome of Mycobacterium tuberculosis MYC004, a Strain Causing Meningitis in Mexico
Authors: Guillén-Nepita Ana Laura , Negrete-Paz Andrea Monserrat , Vázquez-Marrufo Gerardo , Cruz-Hernández Andrés , Fresia Pablo , Naya Hugo , Vázquez-Garcidueñas Ma Soledad 
Published: June 2018

ABSTRACT

Mycobacterium tuberculosis
strain MYC004 was isolated from a Mexican patient with tuberculous meningitis, the most aggressive form of tuberculosis. The draft genome sequence is the first of a meningeal strain of
M. tuberculosis
reported from Latin America and consists of 4,411,530 bp, including 4,251 protein-encoding genes.
Six Whole-Genome Assemblies of Yersinia pestis subsp. microtus bv. ulegeica (Phylogroup 0.PE5) Strains Isolated from Mongolian Natural Plague Foci
Authors: Kislichkina Angelina A. , Bogun Alexandr G. , Kadnikova Lidiya A. , Maiskaya Nadezhda V. , Solomentsev Viktor I. , Sizova Angelika A. , Dentovskaya Svetlana V. , Balakhonov Sergey V. , Anisimov Andrey P. 
Published: June 2018

ABSTRACT

Here, we report the draft genome sequences of six
Yersinia pestis
subsp.
microtus
bv. ulegeica strains isolated from the territory of Mongolia and representing the 0.PE5 phylogroup circulating in populations of voles and picas.
Genome Sequences of Shewanella baltica and Shewanella morhuae Strains Isolated from the Gastrointestinal Tract of Freshwater Fish
Authors: Castillo Daniel , Gram Lone , Dailey Frank E. 
Published: June 2018

ABSTRACT

We present here the genome sequences of
Shewanella baltica
strain CW2 and
Shewanella morhuae
strain CW7, isolated from the gastrointestinal tract of
Salvelinus namaycush
(lean lake trout) and
Coregonus clupeaformis
(whitefish), respectively. These genome sequences provide insights into the niche adaptation of these specific species in freshwater systems.
Complete Coding Sequences of Five Dengue Virus Type 2 Clinical Isolates from Venezuela Obtained through Shotgun Metagenomics
Authors: Lizarazo Erley , Couto Natacha , Vincenti-Gonzalez Maria , Raangs Erwin C. , Jaenisch Thomas , Friedrich Alex W. , Tami Adriana , Rossen John W. 
Published: June 2018

ABSTRACT
Dengue is a disease endemic in Latin American countries, like Venezuela, and has become one of the most important public health problems. We report five complete coding sequences of dengue virus serotype 2 (DENV-2) isolated from DENV-infected patients in Venezuela. Phylogenetic analysis placed the isolates within the American/Asian genotype.
Draft Genome Sequence of the Patulin-Producing Fungus Paecilomyces niveus Strain CO7
Authors: Biango-Daniels Megan N. , Wang Tristan W. , Hodge Kathie T. 
Published: June 2018

ABSTRACT

Paecilomyces niveus
is an extremotolerant fungus with surprising powers to survive high temperatures and infect apples and aphids. These abilities make it a formidable enemy in food and agricultural environments. In addition, it produces patulin, the most significant mycotoxin in apples.
Draft Genome Sequence of Klebsiella sp. Strain C31 Isolated from a Malaysian Tropical Peat Swamp Forest
Authors: Too Chin Chin , Ong Kuan Shion , Ankenbrand Markus J. , Lee Sui Mae , Yule Catherine M. , Keller Alexander 
Published: June 2018

ABSTRACT

We report here the draft genome of
Klebsiella
sp. strain C31, a bacterial isolate from the North Selangor peat swamp forest in Malaysia. The putative genes for the biogeochemical processes of the genome were annotated and investigated.
Dose-interval study of a dual probiotic in preterm infants
Authors: Watkins Claire , Murphy Kiera , Dempsey Eugene M , O’Shea Carol Anne , Murphy Brendan Paul , O’Toole Paul W , Ross R Paul , Stanton Catherine , Ryan C Anthony 
Published: June 2018

ObjectiveThe objective of this study was to investigate the appropriate dosing interval of a probiotic (Infloran) given daily, biweekly and weekly in preterm infants <32 weeks’ gestation.MethodsThere were 8 infants in the daily group, 8 infants in the biweekly group and 10 infants in the weekly group, all born between 25 and 32 weeks’ gestation. The control group consisted of 12 preterm infants who did not receive the probiotic. Infloran (250 mg/capsule), containing Bifidobacterium bifidum (1×109 colony-forming unit (CFU)) and Lactobacillus acidophilus (1×109 CFU), was administered in 2.5 mL of breast milk per kilogram weight of the infant (2×109 CFU of bacteria in total), until 34 weeks postmenstrual age (PMA). Stool samples were collected at 31, 34, 41 and 44 weeks PMA and frozen at −20°C.ResultsAfter administration of the probiotic at 31 weeks PMA, Bifidobacterium were significantly higher in the daily group (45%) in comparison with the biweekly (17%) and weekly (9%) groups. At 34 weeks PMA, Bifidobacterium were significantly higher again in the daily (60%) group in comparison with the biweekly (21%), weekly (23%) and control (15%) groups. At 41 weeks PMA a decrease in the relative abundances of Streptococcaceae and Enterococcaceae was found in all three probiotic groups, and by 44 weeks PMA significantly higher levels of Lactobacillus were found in the biweekly group (16.5%) in comparison with the weekly group (2.1%).ConclusionOur results indicate that a daily dose of Infloran is a suitable dosage for preterm infants in the neonatal intensive care unit, with significantly higher levels of Bifidobacterium found in the daily probiotic group up to 44 weeks PMA.
National prevalence estimates of chlamydia and gonorrhoea in the Netherlands
Authors: Heijne Janneke C M , van den Broek Ingrid V F , Bruisten Sylvia M , van Bergen Jan E A , de Graaf Hanneke , van Benthem Birgit H B 
Published: June 2018

Objectives

National prevalence estimates of
Chlamydia trachomatis
(chlamydia) and
Neisseria gonorrhoeae
(gonorrhoea) are important for providing insights in the occurrence and control of these STIs. The aim was to obtain national prevalence estimates for chlamydia and gonorrhoea and to investigate risk factors associated with infection.

Methods
Between November 2016 and January 2017, we performed a national population-based cross-sectional probability sample survey among men and women aged 18–34 years in the Netherlands. Individuals were invited to complete a questionnaire about sexual health. At the end of the questionnaire, sexually active individuals could request a home-based sampling kit. Samples were tested for chlamydia and gonorrhoea using nucleic acid amplification test (NAAT). Logistic regression analyses were performed for predictors of participation and chlamydia infection.

Results
Of the 17 222 invited individuals, 4447 (26%) participated. Of these, 3255 were eligible for prevalence survey participation and 550 (17%) returned a sample. Participation in the prevalence survey was associated with age (20+) and risk factors for STI. We did not detect any gonorrhoea. The overall weighted prevalence of chlamydia was 2.8% (95% CI 1.5% to 5.2%); 1.1% (0.1% to 7.2%) in men and 5.6% (3.3% to 9.5%) in women. Risk factors for chlamydia infections in women aged 18–24 years were low/medium education level, not having a relationship with the person you had most recent sex with and age at first sex older than 16.

Conclusions
Chlamydia and gonorrhoea prevalence were low in the general Dutch population, as was the participation rate. Repeated prevalence surveys are needed to analyse trends in STI prevalences and to evaluate control policies.
Volumetric Mammographic Density, Age-Related Decline, and Breast Cancer Risk Factors in a National Breast Cancer Screening Program
Authors: Hjerkind Kirsti Vik , Ellingjord-Dale Merete , Johansson Anna L.V. , Aase Hildegunn Siv , Hoff Solveig Roth , Hofvind Solveig , Fagerheim Siri , dos-Santos-Silva Isabel , Ursin Giske 
Published: June 2018

Abstract
Background: Volumetric mammographic density (VMD) measures can be obtained automatically, but it is not clear how these relate to breast cancer risk factors.
Methods: The cohort consisted of 46,428 women (ages 49–71 years) who participated in BreastScreen Norway between 2007 and 2014 and had information on VMD and breast cancer risk factors. We estimated means of percent and absolute VMD associated with age, menopausal status, body mass index (BMI), and other factors.
Results: The associations between VMD and most breast cancer risk factors were modest, although highly significant. BMI was positively associated with absolute VMD, whereas inversely associated with percent VMD. Percent VMD was inversely associated with a 5-year older age at screening in premenopausal and postmenopausal women (−0.18% vs. −0.08% for percent VMD and −0.11 cm3 vs. −0.03 cm3 for absolute VMD). This difference was largest among postmenopausal women with BMI &lt; 25 kg/m2 (P for interaction with percent VMD &lt; 0.0001), never users of postmenopausal hormone therapy (P for interaction &lt; 0.0001), and premenopausal women with a family history of breast cancer (P for interaction with absolute VMD = 0.054).
Conclusions: VMD is associated with several breast cancer risk factors, the strongest being BMI, where the direction of the association differs for percent and absolute VMD. The inverse association with age appears modified by menopausal status and other breast cancer risk factors.
Impact: Because VMD methods are becoming widely available in screening and clinical settings, the association between VMD measures and breast cancer risk factors should be investigated further in longitudinal studies. Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev; 27(9); 1065–74. ©2018 AACR.
ВИКОРИСТАННЯ ФАСОВАНОЇ ВОДИ НАСЕЛЕННЯМ МІСТА ТЕРНОПОЛЯ ЗА РЕЗУЛЬТАТАМИ АНКЕТНОГО ОПИТУВАННЯ
Authors: Lototska O. V. , Voloschynska K. T. , Voloschynska K. T. 
Published: June 2018

У статті проаналізовано результати соціологічного опитування та узагальнено дані незалежної оцінки особливостей вживання води населенням м. Тернополя. Встановлено, що 80,1 % жителів не задоволені якістю водогінної води і використовують для пиття різні альтернативні джерела водопостачання: фільтровану (у 46 %) або фасовану (у 21 %) воду. Більшість опитаних вживає фасовану воду нерегулярно, купляючи її 1–3 рази на тиждень і використовують її в основному для тамування спраги під час прогулянок, фізичного тренування, спортивних змагань. Під час купівлі фасованої води вирішальним фактором при здійсненні вибору для більшості опитаних є смакові якості води. Все це свідчить про те, що жителі м. Тернополя, вживаючи питну воду в достатній кількості, незважаючи на недостатню якість водогінної води, надають перевагу традиційним джерелам водопостачання, а саме водогонам, колодязям і каптажам.
Application of seed germination pouch for culture and initial resistance screening of the soybean cyst nematode Heterodera glycines
Authors: You Jia , Hu Yanfeng , Wang Congli 
Published: June 2018

Summary
Seed germination pouches or seedling growth pouches have been utilised previously for high throughput resistance screening of root-knot nematodes, Meloidogyne spp., on legume plants. In this study we demonstrated that soybean cyst nematode (SCN) Heterodera glycines, with a different reproduction mode from root-knot nematode, is also able to invade, complete its life cycle and reproduce in soybean roots in seedling pouches similar to the pot system with soil, indicating seedling pouches can be utilised as an alternate SCN culture method when glasshouse/growth chamber space is limited. Moreover, seedling pouches provide an easy approach to collect large numbers of clean male nematodes, which could accelerate SCN biological study such as SCN mating behaviour and molecular signals associated with mating. The results of SCN resistance screening indicate that seedling pouches could be utilised for initial resistance screening with SCN.
Sense of Justice in School and Social and Institutional Trust
Authors: Resh Nura 
Published: June 2018

AbstractBased on the notion that trust is an essential feature in the development and maintenance of democratic civil society, and that school is central to the daily life of students who view schooling as critical to their long-term life chances, the author investigates in this study the relationship between students’ sense of justice in school and their social and institutional trust. Sense of Justice, defined as the relationship between one’s actual reward and his/her deserved reward, is reflected in three interrelated but distinct categories: instrumental, relational and procedural. The study was carried out in Israel among over 5000 middle school students in a national sample of 48 public schools. Findings basically support our hypothesis that students, who feel that they were treated fairly by their teachers, will be more trustful. However, these relationships are differential in the comparison of students in three school’s sectors: Jewish general, Jewish religious, and Arab.
Citizens and Transatlantic Free Trade Agreements: How to Reconcile American ‘Constitutional Nationalism’ with European ‘Multilevel Constitutionalism’?
Authors: Petersmann Ernst-Ulrich 
Published: June 2018

Abstract
The free trade agreements (FTAs) of the European Union (EU) aim at protecting transnational public goods (PGs) – such as a rules-based, transatlantic market – that could be progressively extended to other European and North-American FTA members and serve as a model for reforming worldwide trade rules and governance institutions. International law and governance can protect PGs more effectively if citizens are empowered as ‘democratic principals’ to hold multilevel governance institutions legally, democratically and judicially accountable for governance failures. The Lisbon Treaty established a ‘cosmopolitan foreign policy constitution’ requiring ‘protection of its citizens’, ‘strict observance of international law’ and rights-based market regulations also in the EU’s external relations. This contribution criticizes EU policies of disempowering citizens in FTAs and undermining their fundamental rights. Without respect for rule of law, the EU cannot overcome its crises of legitimacy and the distrust of citizens vis-à-vis intergovernmental EU regulations.
TTIP Negotiations and Public Procurement: Internal Federalist Tensions and External Risks of Marginalisation
Authors: Corvaglia Maria Anna 
Published: June 2018

Abstract
Government procurement is perhaps one of the most underexplored areas in the recent academic literature on transatlantic economic relations, yet it was also one of the most protected economic sectors addressed in the now derailed Transatlantic Trade and Investment Partnership (TTIP) negotiations. Even though the European Union (EU) and the United States have undertaken extensive reciprocal procurement commitments under the World Trade Organization’s Agreement on Government Procurement (GPA), as well as in their respective preferential trade agreements (PTAs), the liberalisation and harmonisation of the transatlantic procurement market could not be more ambiguous or controversial. This article aims to deepen our understanding of crucial aspects of the contemporary EU–United States procurement relationship. To this end, the article explores the TTIP negotiations as well as similar PTAs and underlines the potential implications in terms of the fragmentation of the international discipline of procurement regulation.
Structural Banking Reforms in the Age of the BRICS: Transatlantic Cooperation Within a Multilateral Framework
Authors: Cervone Elisabetta 
Published: June 2018

Abstract
The Volcker Rule could potentially apply to the global structure of a foreign bank with US branches or any business of foreign banks with US counterparties. In light of the rise of emerging markets such as China and India as key players in the global economy (and the growth in general of the BRICS countries), concerns of an adverse extraterritorial impact of the Volcker Rule are relevant. This article emphasizes that, even when there is no global standard – as in current structural reforms – mutual recognition based on equivalence (as adopted in the European Union reforms) would be a slow, complex process toward harmonization, but it might work. The purpose of this article is to explore the prospects of harmonization and the development of global standards via extraterritoriality in structural banking measures, providing a view on the role of national regulations as a potential source of international financial law.
Africa’s First “High Tech” War
Authors: Page Melvin 
Published: June 2018

Abstract
Although some scientific innovations and technologies came to their continent during the process of colonization, only during the First World War did Africans experience the full potential of new weapons and engineering breakthroughs as well as transformative transportation methods and medical possibilities. The resulting encounters sometimes left them awe-struck, but Africans frequently seized the newer technologies and turned them into opportunities. Only a few rejected them as antithetical to tradition, though occasionally some Africans expected what seemed to be revolutionary advances alone to change and improve their lives. Ultimately few Africans were unaffected by the awesome wartime scientific and technological alterations brought to their lands and peoples as a result of the First World War.
A Regression-Free Rainfall Estimation Algorithm for Dual-Polarization Radars
Authors: Pei Bin , Testik Firat Y. 
Published: June 2018

AbstractIn this study a new radar rainfall estimation algorithm—rainfall estimation using simulated raindrop size distributions (RESID)—was developed. This algorithm development was based upon the recent finding that measured and simulated raindrop size distributions (DSDs) with matching triplets of dual-polarization radar observables (i.e., horizontal reflectivity, differential reflectivity, and specific differential phase) produce similar rain rates. The RESID algorithm utilizes a large database of simulated gamma DSDs, theoretical rain rates calculated from the simulated DSDs, the corresponding dual-polarization radar observables, and a set of cost functions. The cost functions were developed using both the measured and simulated dual-polarization radar observables. For a given triplet of measured radar observables, RESID chooses a suitable cost function from the set and then identifies nine of the simulated DSDs from the database that minimize the value of the chosen cost function. The rain rate associated with the given radar observable triplet is estimated by averaging the calculated theoretical rain rates for the identified simulated DSDs. This algorithm is designed to reduce the effects of radar measurement noise on rain-rate retrievals and is not subject to the regression uncertainty introduced in the conventional development of the rain-rate estimators. The rainfall estimation capability of our new algorithm was demonstrated by comparing its performance with two benchmark algorithms through the use of rain gauge measurements from the Midlatitude Continental Convective Clouds Experiment (MC3E) and the Olympic Mountains Experiment (OLYMPEx). This comparison showed favorable performance of the new algorithm for the rainfall events observed during the field campaigns.
Current and Future Digital Trends in ELT
Authors: Hockly Nicky , Dudeney Gavin 
Published: June 2018

Anybody who has lived through the past decade of technological developments will know how quickly our world is changing. And what happens outside our teaching contexts, out there in the real world, will inevitably – at least some of it – end up having an impact on what we do inside our classrooms, lecture halls, schools and colleges. Some of the technologies we mention below will assuredly come to have an impact on some teachers and teaching contexts, others may simply burn brightly and disappear, as so often happens in the field. We start this article by looking at the bigger picture of technologies in society and in education – the context into which technology fits, with a focus on how the digital divide affects the implementation of educational technologies (or ‘EdTech’). We then consider different and new ways and approaches to teaching and learning, before focussing on some of the new technologies which are – or will be – having an impact on what we do on a daily basis. In each case we reflect on how these new developments will continue to affect English language teachers and learners.