bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Greek university student’s attitudes and beliefs concerning mental illness and its treatment
Authors: Kaparounaki Chrysi K , Koraka Chrysoula A , Kotsi Eleni S , Ntziovara Anna-Maria P , Kyriakidis Gerasimos C , Fountoulakis Konstantinos N 
Published: July 2019

Introduction: Stigma concerning mental disorder is a widespread phenomenon concerning the beliefs and attitudes of the public toward mental patients with a significant negative impact on state policy and the outcome of the patients. Material and methods: The study included 1,363 students of the Aristotle University of Thessaloniki. The survey was based on an Internet-based electronic platform. The statistical analysis included analysis of variance (ANOVA) and Yates corrected chi-square test. Results: Approximately, 87% of students responded that they know what mental disorder is, 70% were informed from the Internet, 30% consider mental patients responsible for their condition, more than 95% blame the way they were raised and almost 60% consider mental disorder to be heritable. Only a minority feel negatively with a mental patient around and close to 80% would socialize with them. More than 80% accept the need for psychiatric medication treatment but the opinion is split concerning compulsory treatment, and one-third consider medication to be harmful. Discussion: The results of this study suggest that most students believe they know much about mental illness; however, overall their responses are contradictory. They reply with confidence although they are informed mainly by the media and the Internet in an unreliable way. A number of factors including gender, specific school or personal experience of mental disorder in the family seem to influence the result. A combined educational plus contact might be necessary to reduce stigma, since education alone seems to exert a weak effect.
Cannabinoids induce latent sensitization in a preclinical model of medication overuse headache
Authors: Kopruszinski Caroline M , Navratilova Edita , Vagnerova Barbora , Swiokla Juliana , Patwardhan Amol , Dodick David , Porreca Frank 
Published: July 2019

Aim Evaluation of cannabinoid receptor agonists in a preclinical model of medication overuse headache. Methods Female Sprague Dawley rats received graded intraperitoneal doses of WIN55,212-2 or Δ-9-tetrahydrocannabinol (Δ-9-THC). Antinociception (tail-flick test), catalepsy and hypomotility (open field test) and impairment of motor function (rotarod test) were assessed to establish effective dosing. Rats were then treated twice daily with equianalgesic doses of WIN55,212-2 or Δ-9-THC, or vehicle, for 7 days and cutaneous tactile sensory thresholds were evaluated during and three weeks following drug discontinuation. Rats then received a one-hour period of bright light stress (BLS) on two consecutive days and tactile sensory thresholds were re-assessed. Results WIN55,212-2 and Δ-9-THC produced antinociception as well as hypomotility, catalepsy and motor impairment. Repeated administration of WIN55,212-2 and Δ-9-THC induced generalized periorbital and hindpaw allodynia that resolved within 3 weeks after discontinuation of drug. Two episodes of BLS produced delayed and long-lasting periorbital and hindpaw allodynia selectively in rats previously treated with WIN55,212-2, and Δ-9-THC. Interpretation Cannabinoid receptor agonists including Δ-9-THC produce a state of latent sensitization characterized by increased sensitivity to stress, a presumed migraine trigger. Overuse of cannabinoids including cannabis may increase the risk of medication overuse headache in vulnerable individuals.
Secondary glaucoma and visual axis opacification in aphakic and pseudophakic patients following congenital cataract surgery: A 28-year longitudinal case series
Authors: Murphy Melissa , Murtagh Patrick , McAnena Lisa , Eldouri Azher , Kirwan Caitriona , O’Keefe Michael 
Published: July 2019

Purpose: To determine the incidence, timing and risk factors for glaucoma and visual axis opacification development following surgery for congenital cataract in the first year of life. Methods: A prospective case series of all cataract surgery performed in Temple Street Children’s University Hospital over a 28-year period was conducted. A total of 93 subjects (135 eyes) were analysed. Sixty-two eyes had a primary intraocular lens inserted at the time of surgery; 73 eyes were aphakic. We recorded patient demographics, age at surgery, length of follow-up, rates and time to diagnosis of glaucoma and rates of visual axis opacification. Relative risk analysis was performed to identify potential risk factors for secondary glaucoma and visual axis opacification. Results: Mean length of follow-up was 160.02 ± 64.42 months (13.3 years), range 40–336 months. Final mean LogMAR across all groups was 0.85 ± 0.51 (0.90). Overall 45 (33.33%) eyes developed secondary glaucoma, 12 (19.4%) in pseudophakic eyes and 33 (45.21%) in aphakic eyes. The incidence of glaucoma was highest in bilateral aphakia (relative risk 1.96, p = 0.0240) and in eyes with corneal diameter <9.5 mm (relative risk 1.93, p = 0.0364). There was no significant difference in glaucoma rates between pseudophakia and aphakia in those operated on less than 2.5 months of age. Secondary glaucoma occurred between 3 months to 16.5 years post surgery. Rates of visual axis opacification were lower in aphakia compared to pseudophakia (relative risk 0.59, p = 0.0098). Conclusion: Overall glaucoma rates of one-third are similar to those recorded in the infantile aphakic treatment study. It can occur up to 17 years post cataract surgery, evidence that long-term follow-up is imperative.
Downregulated Long Noncoding RNA PART1 Inhibits Proliferation and Promotes Apoptosis in Bladder Cancer
Authors: Hu Xin , Feng Hefei , Huang Huaxing , Gu Wei , Fang Qiuyu , Xie Yi , Qin Chao , Hu Xiaowen 
Published: July 2019

Objective: In this study, we aimed to clarify the effects of long noncoding ribonucleic acid prostrate androgen-regulated transcript-1 on bladder cancer cell proliferation and apoptosis. Methods: Microarrays were implemented to investigate the long noncoding ribonucleic acid expression profiles in bladder cancer tissue (N = 9) and in noncancer bladder tissue (N = 5). Relative prostrate androgen-regulated transcript-1 expression levels in tissue samples or cell lines were detected by real-time quantitative reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction. Prostrate androgen-regulated transcript-1 expression was enhanced by the transfection of pcDNA3.1-prostrate androgen-regulated transcript-1 and downregulated by the infection with pcMV-sh prostrate androgen-regulated transcript-1. Additionally, cell proliferation and apoptosis were measured by the cell counting kit-8 assay and flow cytometry, respectively. Cell invasion was determined by a Transwell assay. Results: Prostrate androgen-regulated transcript-1 expression was upregulated in bladder cancer tissues compared to adjacent nontumor tissues. Furthermore, prostrate androgen-regulated transcript-1 levels were successfully upregulated by pcDNA3.1-prostrate androgen-regulated transcript-1 and depleted by pCMV-sh prostrate androgen-regulated transcript-1 in bladder cancer cell lines (5637, T24). Enhanced prostrate androgen-regulated transcript-1 expression promoted cell proliferation and invasion and inhibited cell apoptosis. However, knockdown of prostrate androgen-regulated transcript-1 expression inhibited cell proliferation and invasion and induced cell apoptosis. Conclusion: In summary, these data suggest that the knockdown of prostrate androgen-regulated transcript-1 represents a tumor suppressor player in bladder cancer and contributes to the inhibition of tumor proliferation, the promotion of cell apoptosis, and the suppression of cell invasion. Prostrate androgen-regulated transcript-1 may function as a new prognostic biomarker and as a feasible therapeutic target for patients with bladder cancer.
Finite element study of the effects of fragment shape and screw configuration on the mechanical behavior of tibial tubercle osteotomy
Authors: Chang Chih-Wei , Chen Yen-Nien , Li Chun-Ting , Chung Chi-Rung , Chang Chih-Han , Peng Yao-Te 
Published: July 2019

Purpose: Tibial tubercle osteotomy (TTO) is a surgical technique used in the management of severe fractures of the knee joint and revision total knee arthroplasty. Limited research discusses the performance of the osteotomy and fixation of the TTO with screws. Therefore, this study investigated the effects of fragment shape and screw configuration on the mechanical behavior in the fixation of the TTO using the finite element (FE) method. Methods: FE TTO models with three fragment shapes and three screw configurations were developed. The three fragment shapes were a step cut, bevel cut, and straight cut. The screw configurations were two parallel horizontal and downward screws and two trapezoidal screws. A 1654-N upward tension force was applied on the tibia tubercle, and the distal end of the tibia was completely fixed. Results: The results indicated that the step cut resulted in higher stability than the bevel and straight cut, but the stress was higher as well. Among the screw configurations, two parallel downward screws resulted in the highest stability, given the same fragment shape. In the horizontal configuration, the step cut tibia developed the largest contact force to achieve stability of the bone fragment under loading. Conclusion: The fragment shape with a step cut and fixation with two parallel horizontal or downward screws are suggested for TTO, while the trapezoidal screw configuration is not suggested. Furthermore, the downward screw configuration is a suitable strategy to reduce bone stress.
Wine glass size and wine sales: four replication studies in one restaurant and two bars
Authors: Clarke Natasha , Pechey Rachel , Pilling Mark , Hollands Gareth J. , Mantzari Eleni , Marteau Theresa M. 
Published: July 2019

Abstract
Objective
Previous research suggests that wine glass size affects sales of wine in bars, with more wine purchased when served in larger glasses. The current four studies, conducted in one restaurant (Studies 1 and 2) and two bars (Studies 3 and 4) in Cambridge, England, aim to establish the reproducibility of this effect of glass size on sales. A multiple treatment reversal design was used, involving wine being served in sequential fortnightly periods in different sized glasses of the same design (290 ml, 350 ml, and 450 ml). The primary outcome was daily wine volume (ml) sold.

Results
Restaurant: Daily wine volume sold was 13% (95% CI 2%, 24%) higher when served with 350 ml vs. 290 ml glasses in Study 1. A similar direction of effect was seen in Study 2 (6%; 95% CI − 1%, 15%). Bars: Daily wine volume sold was 21% (95% CI 9%, 35%) higher when served with 450 ml vs. 350 ml glasses in Study 3. This effect was not observed in Study 4 (− 7%, 95% CI − 16%, 3%). Meaningful differences were not demonstrated with any other glass comparison. These results partially replicate previous studies showing that larger glasses increase wine sales. Considerable uncertainty remains about the magnitude of any effect and the contexts in which it might occur.
Trial registration Study 1: ISRCTN17958895 (21/07/2017), Study 2: ISRCTN17097810 (29/03/2018), Study 3 and 4: ISRCTN39401124 (10/05/2018)
Crustal structure of Mesozoic rifting in the northeastern Gulf of Mexico from integration of seismic and potential fields data
Authors: Liu Mei , Filina Irina , Mann Paul 
Published: July 2019

We have investigated the crustal structure of a 400 km wide zone of thinned continental crust in the northeastern Gulf of Mexico (GOM) using gravity and magnetic modeling along two deeply penetrated seismic transects. Using this approach, we identify two zones of prominent, southward-dipping reflectors associated with 7–10 km thick, dense, and highly magnetic material. Previous workers have interpreted the zones as either coarse clastic redbeds of Mesozoic age that are tilted within half-grabens or seaward-dipping reflectors of magmatic origin. Both seismic reflection lines reveal a 10 km thick and 67 km wide northern zone of high density near the Florida coastline beneath the Apalachicola rift (AR). The southern zone of high density occurs 70 km to the south in the deepwater central GOM along the northern flank of the marginal rift, a 48 km wide, southeast-trending structure of inferred Late Jurassic age that is filled by 3 km of low-density and low-magnetic susceptibility sediments including complexly deformed salt deposits. We propose that these two subparallel rifts and their associated magmatic belts formed in the following sequence: (1) AR formed during Triassic-early Jurassic (210–163 Ma) phase 1 of diffuse continental stretching and was partially infilled on its northern edge by southward-dipping volcanic flows; and (2) the similarly southward-dipping southern magmatic zone formed adjacent to the marginal rift during the early phase 2 of late Jurassic (161–153 Ma) rifting of the GOM continental extension; this southern area of SDR formation immediately preceded the formation of the adjacent oceanic crust that separated the rift-related evaporates into the northern and southern GOM. Our integrated approach combining 2D seismic, gravity, and magnetic data sets results in a more confident delineation of these deep crustal features than from seismic data alone.
Basal Autophagy Deficiency Causes Thyroid Follicular Epithelial Cell Death in Mice
Authors: Kurashige Tomomi , Nakajima Yasuyo , Shimamura Mika , Matsuyama Mutsumi , Yamada Masanobu , Nakashima Masahiro , Nagayama Yuji 
Published: July 2019

Abstract
Autophagy is a catabolic process that involves the degradation of cellular components through the lysosomal machinery, relocating nutrients from unnecessary processes to more pivotal processes required for survival. It has been reported that systemic disruption of the Atg5 or Atg7 gene, a component of autophagy, is lethal and that its tissue-specific disruption causes tissue degeneration in several organs. However, the functional significance of autophagy in the thyroid glands remains unknown. Our preliminary data imply the possible involvement of dysfunctional autophagy in radiation-induced thyroid carcinogenesis. Therefore, we evaluated the effect of Atg5 gene knockout (KO) on thyroid morphology and function. To this end, Atg5flox/flox mice were crossed with TPO-Cre mice, yielding the thyroid follicular epithelial cell (thyrocyte)‒specific ATG5-deficient mice (Atg5thyr-KO/KO). Atg5 gene KO was confirmed by a lack of ATG5 expression, and disruption of autophagy was demonstrated by a decrease in microtubule-associated protein 1 light chain 3–II puncta and an increase in p62. Atg5thyr-KO/KO mice were born normally, and thyroid morphology, thyroid weights, and serum T4 and TSH levels were almost normal at 4 months. However, at 8 and 12 months, a decrease in the number of thyrocytes and an increase in TUNEL+-thyrocytes were observed in Atg5thyr-KO/KO mice even though thyroid function was still normal. The number of irregularly shaped (gourd-shaped) follicles was also increased. Excess oxidative stress was indicated by increased 8-hydroxy-2′-deoxyguanosine and 53BP1 foci in Atg5thyr-KO/KO mice. These data demonstrate that thyrocytes gradually undergo degradation/cell death in the absence of basal levels of autophagy, indicating that autophagy is critical for the quality control of thyrocytes.
Wound-induced polyploidization is driven by Myc and supports tissue repair in the presence of DNA damage
Authors: Grendler Janelle , Lowgren Sara , Mills Monique , Losick Vicki P. 
Published: July 2019

ABSTRACT
Tissue repair usually requires either polyploid cell growth or cell division, but the molecular mechanism promoting polyploidy and limiting cell division remains poorly understood. Here, we find that injury to the adult Drosophila epithelium causes cells to enter the endocycle through the activation of Yorkie-dependent genes (Myc and E2f1). Myc is even sufficient to induce the endocycle in the uninjured post-mitotic epithelium. As result, epithelial cells enter S phase but mitosis is blocked by inhibition of mitotic gene expression. The mitotic cell cycle program can be activated by simultaneously expressing the Cdc25-like phosphatase String (stg), while genetically depleting APC/C E3 ligase fizzy-related (fzr). However, forcing cells to undergo mitosis is detrimental to wound repair as the adult fly epithelium accumulates DNA damage, and mitotic errors ensue when cells are forced to proliferate. In conclusion, we find that wound-induced polyploidization enables tissue repair when cell division is not a viable option.
Structures and Conducting Properties of Molecular Conductors Based on Dimethyl-substituted ST-STP
Authors: Kinoshita Naoya , Shirahata Takashi , Misaki Yohji 
Published: July 2019

Abstract
A bis-fused donor composed of dimethyl-tetrathiafulvalene and tetraselenafulvalene (DM-ST-STP) was successfully synthesized. X-ray structure analysis of the salts with PF6− and AsF6− anions revealed that the molecular packing could be classified as β-type. A tight-binding band calculation suggested these salts had a quasi-one-dimensional Fermi surface. They exhibited high conductivity of σrt = 390–540 S cm−1 and metallic behavior down to low temperature.
Higher Market Thickness Reduces Matching Rate in Online Platforms: Evidence from a Quasiexperiment
Authors: Li Jun , Netessine Serguei 
Published: July 2019

Market thickness is a key parameter that can make or break a platform’s business model. Thicker markets can offer more opportunities for participants to meet and higher chances that a potential match exists. However, they can also be vulnerable to potential search frictions. In this paper, using data from an online peer-to-peer holiday property rental platform, we aim to identify and measure the causal impact of market thickness on matching rates. In particular, we exploit an exogenous shock to market size caused by a one-time migration of listings from other platforms, which gives rise to a quasiexperimental design. We find that increased market thickness actually leads to lower matching rates. Keeping search technology and other factors constant, doubling market size leads to a 15.4% reduction in traveler confirmation rate and a 15.9% reduction in host occupancy rate. As a result, the platform lost 5.6% of potential matches because of the increased market size. We attribute the effect to increased search friction: travelers’ search intensity increases by 18.3% when market size doubles. This effect is especially prominent when the matching needs to take place within a limited time. Our results offer insights for future empirical and theoretical research on matching markets. They also highlight that is important for platform owners to watch out for increased search frictions as markets grow and invest in search technologies to facilitate more efficient search.This paper was accepted by Charles Corbett, operations management.
Book Reviews
Authors: Grimes Matt , Murphy Michael Mary , Hollins Paul , Stewart Francis 
Published: July 2019

Exist to Resist, by Matthew Smith (2017) Bristol: Mattko, 224 pp., ISBN: 978-0-99578-320-1 h/bk, £50
Vox 80–83, Garry O’Neill (ed.) (2019) Dublin: Hi Tone Books, 416 pp., ISBN 978-0-95694-936-3, p/bk, €40
Peepshow, Samantha Bennett (2018) New York: Bloomsbury Academic, 203 pp., ISBN 978-5-0132-186-3, p/bk, £12.99
Burning Down the Haus: Punk Rock, Revolution and the Fall of the Berlin Wall, Tim Mohr (2018) Chapel Hill, NC: Algonquin Books, 363 pp., ISBN 978-1-61620-843-1, h/bk, £28.00
Incisional Hernia After Percutaneous Endoscopic Gastrostomy Tube Placement: Importance of Avoiding the Linea Alba
Authors: Kachare Milind D. , Rossi Alexander J. , Mahpour Noah Y. , Davidov Tomer 
Published: July 2019

ABSTRACT
A gastrostomy tube passes from a patient's stomach through the abdominal wall and allows for direct enteral access. An alternative to an open gastrostomy, a percutaneous endoscopic gastrostomy (PEG) is typically favored because it is a less invasive option. However, a thorough understanding of the anatomy involved is paramount to prevent complications, regardless of what technique is chosen for placement. We present a case of an incisional hernia, which developed after the removal of a PEG tube placed through the midline of an abdominal wall, which is both a rare and avoidable complication. Placement of a PEG tube lateral to midline and avoiding the linea alba, an inherent weak point, will decrease the incidence of incisional hernias.
Natural Killer–Like T-Cell Lymphoma: A Rare Cause of Acute Liver Failure
Authors: Shah Ishani , Vyas Neil , Reynolds Justin A. 
Published: July 2019

ABSTRACT
Acute liver failure is characterized by encephalopathy and disruption of hepatic function, often requiring liver transplantation to prevent fatal consequences. We present a 33-year-old man with recurrent lymphoma presenting with acute liver failure, which was initially thought to be from drug-induced liver injury associated with his chemotherapy medication, asparaginase. However, liver biopsy revealed malignant infiltration by lymphoma. The subtype of lymphoma was natural killer–like T-cell lymphoma, which is an uncommon variant, and has rarely been associated with hepatic infiltration. His condition rapidly worsened with development of multiorgan failure leading to death.
Overview on the Form-Finding of Tensegrity Structure
Authors: H. Nadia Farhana A. , L. OH C. , M. Yee H. , Anizahyati A. 
Published: July 2019

This paper presents an overview of the previous research on the form finding structures which include tensegrity and biotensegrity structure. Tensegrity systems have been widely used for many applications due to the stability and flexibility of the structures. On technologies era nowadays, a stable structure is needed to implement for new developments especially robotics and machineries. Therefore, the importance of finding the shape or design configuration is to ensure it is in self-equilibrium which able to support itself. In order to build new structures which lies on general requirement, previous researchers have proposed several form-finding methods for instance by using force density method, advance force density method, finite element method, dynamic relaxation method, genetic algorithm, novel linear approach and Monte Carlo method. What kind of stable structures can be produced and how efficient the structures by using those methods? In this paper, understanding on the form-finding methods and various numerical examples of form-finding conducted in previous studies are presented to enhance researchersâ€™ knowledge on the form-finding of tensegrity structures.Â Â