bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Is higher mean platelet volume an additional predictive marker of oligohydramnios and polyhydramnios?
Authors: ÇETİN BENLİ Neriman , MUTLU Sibel , YILDIZ Abdülkerim , BENLİ Ali Ramazan 
Published: August 2019

Objectives:
Amniotic fluid abnormalities are the
leading cause of fetal morbidity and mortality. The aim of this study
was to investigate whether prepartum mean platelet volume (MPV) is associated
with and a predictable marker for oligohydramnios
(OHA)
and polyhydramnios (PHA).
Materials and Methods: In
this retrospective study, an examination was made of the records of patients
who were monitored and gave birth at Karabuk Training and Research Hospital
Gynecology and Obstetrics Clinic in 2014-2015. Patients with isolated OHA and
PHA were included in the study group and those with normal amnion fluid volume
(AFV) in the control group.&nbsp; A record was
made of age, obstetric and clinical history, smoking, alcohol consumption,
laboratory test results and ultrasonography reports in the third trimester of
the pregnancy.Results: A
total of 284 pregnant women were included in the study. The MPV levels of the
OHA and PHA groups were significantly higher than those of the normal group
(p=0.000). There was no significant difference was observed between the OHA and
PHA groups (p=0.20). MPV&gt;8.4 accurately differentiated AFV (AUC:68.8%, sensitivity:78.6%,
specificity:59.1%). MPV&gt;8.0 accurately differentiated OHA (AUC:67.1%,
sensitivity:84.4%, specificity:50.0%). MPV&gt;8.5 accurately
differentiated PHA (AUC:70.2%,
sensitivity:79.0%, specificity:61.4%).

Conclusion: The result of the current study shows that
screening MPV has a predictive value for OHA and PHA in pregnancies without
complications or fetal anomaly.
Near‐Real‐Time Finite‐Fault Inversions for Large Earthquakes in Chile Using Strong‐Motion Data
Authors: Koch Pablo , Bravo Francisco , Riquelme Sebastian , Crempien Jorge G. F. 
Published: August 2019

ABSTRACTRecent efforts have been made to model the rupture process of large earthquakes in near‐real time (NRT) in Chile. In this study, we propose an automated procedure using strong‐motion data in an integrated system, which can characterize large earthquakes with a finite‐fault model (FFM) in NRT. We developed several heuristic rules using the preliminary W‐phase solutions to automatically set up the search ranges of the finite‐fault inversions. The results show using strong‐motion data and a W‐phase magnitude, it is possible to obtain a rapid kinematic FFM in just a few minutes after the earthquake origin time.
LUGARES DE MEMÓRIA E A NOMEAÇÃO DO PATRIMÔNIO PÚBLICO COM NOMES DE PESSOAS EM CAMPINA GRANDE – PB/BRASIL
Authors: Freire de Almeida Amanda Luiza , Dias da Silva Edjane Esmerina 
Published: August 2019

De onde vem a prática de nomear o patrimônio público com nomes de pessoas? Que estratégias políticas motivam tal nomeação? Diante dessa curiosidade, observou-se que em Campina Grande, cidade situada no Estado da Paraíba, ruas, praças, bairros e monumentos recebem nomes de pessoas. Ao refletir sobre essas questões partiu-se da hipótese de que essa prática de nomeação oficial do patrimônio por nomes de pessoas se caracteriza como uma estratégia política de apropriação simbólica da coisa pública, uma tática de manutenção de um tipo de cultura política local que provoca como consequência uma violação do direito à cidade como um direito da coletividade. Com a pesquisa tornou-se possível identificar como funciona a cultura política local. Para tanto, foi realizada uma análise discursiva tendo como referência Michel Foucault (2012). Partiu-se de um diálogo teórico com Lefebvre (2001) e Harvey (2014) no direito à cidade; democratização da memória e lugares de memória com Le Goff (2012) e Pierre Nora (1993); alegorias do poder em Carvalho (2002); a dominação masculina e o conceito de habitus com Bourdier (2010) e Perrot (1989), apropriação e artes de fazer em Certeau (1994) e Cultura política, Neto (2012). Como resultado identificou-se que a problematização da prática de nomeação do patrimônio público permite observar uma cultura política local personalista, privatista, masculina e masculinizante, elitista e patrimonialista onde há apropriação da cidade mediante captura simbólica de seu espaço com a denominação de seus logradouros e monumentos.
Palavras-chave. Nomeação. Patrimônio público. Direito à Cidade.
GERENCIAMENTO DE PROJETOS DE OBRAS PÚBLICAS: COMPREENSÃO DESSES INVESTIMENTOS PÚBLICOS.
Authors: Bordignon Fernando Junqueira , Arenas Marlene Valerio dos Santos 
Published: August 2019

Esta pesquisa buscou compreender a forma do investimento público em obras públicas sob o aspecto da eficiência e eficácia que deve pautar a ação estatal. Utilizando como principal base o Gerenciamento de projetos, a pesquisa buscou em três grandes empreendimentos rodoviários públicos avaliar a aplicação de ferramentas de gestão e de gerenciamento de projetos por partes dos gestores públicos. As ferramentas de pesquisas foram baseadas em entrevistas semiestruturas, análise documental e observação direta. Para as entrevistas foram selecionados profissionais públicos de alta gerência, bem como os profissionais públicos que atuam diretamente nas obras, esta seleção teve a capacidade de captar com fidedignidade a realidade investigada. Os resultados demonstraram que, processos que têm alta exigência legal e dos órgãos de controle, têm alta aderência com as melhores práticas de gerenciamento de projetos, por outro lado existiram processos prejudicados por terem menor exigência da legislação e também por restrições de pessoal e recursos. Também foram realizadas recomendações aos administradores públicos com o intuito de alavancar o atingimento de resultados na área pesquisada, trabalho este materializado em uma cartilha orientativa que será disponibilizada aos administradores públicos.
Palavras chaves: Eficiência do gasto público. Obras públicas. Projetos complexos.
Pyrolysis of Biomass Waste as The Project Based Learning in Community Assistance Course
Authors: Sahroni Imam 
Published: August 2019

Community assistance course is a special course for undergraduate student level which need to be finished before doing final thesis project. This course aims to apply the student knowledge which is gained during six semesters in the class. This course is followed by fourty eight students from different department e.g. science, engineering, psychology, law, medicine, and also Islamic studies. We applied a pyrolysis of biomass waste as the tools for Project based learning in community area. We divide fourty eight student into eight teams. Each team was assigned to do some task e.g. literature study, project design, project implementation, and project report based on the pyrolysis project. After the project was finished, we evaluate the grade of each student using the learning outcome which was defined as the goal of the study. Fourty six students acquired grade A, while the other two students acquired grade B. This achievement related to the project based learning that we used in the Community Assistance Course. Keywords: project-based learning, pyrolysis, community assistance course
Housing Instability Characteristics Among Transgender Veterans Cared for in the Veterans Health Administration, 2013–2016
Authors: Carter Sarah P. , Montgomery Ann E. , Henderson Emmett R. , Ketterer Bryan , Dichter Melissa , Gordon Adam J. , Shipherd Jillian C. , Kauth Michael R. , Blosnich John R. 
Published: August 2019

Objectives. To characterize housing instability among transgender veterans using Veterans Health Administration (VHA) health care in the United States. Methods. We used administrative data on veterans screened for housing instability from 2013 to 2016; participants included 5717 transgender veterans and 17 133 cisgender veterans. We defined housing instability by a positive screen or VHA Homeless Program use. We identified gender from medical records, reflecting either birth sex or gender identity. We identified transgender identity through transgender-related International Classification of Diseases, Ninth Revision and Tenth Revision codes. A multiple logistic regression assessed the association of transgender identity with housing instability. Results. Prevalence of housing instability was nearly 3 times higher among transgender veterans than among cisgender veterans (19.9% vs 6.7%; P < .001). The difference persisted when we adjusted for sociodemographics (adjusted odds ratio = 2.32; 95% confidence interval = 2.09, 2.57). Transgender veterans experiencing housing instability were more likely than cisgender veterans to be women, younger, unmarried, and White. Conclusions. Transgender veterans experience housing instability more frequently than do cisgender veterans. An increased focus on transgender identity is critical for reducing veteran homelessness.
A Framework for Increasing Equity Impact in Obesity Prevention
Authors: Kumanyika Shiriki K. 
Published: August 2019

One of the most pressing unmet challenges for preventing and controlling epidemic obesity is ensuring that socially disadvantaged populations benefit from relevant public health interventions. Obesity levels are disproportionately high in ethnic minority, low-income, and other socially marginalized US population groups. Current policy, systems, and environmental change interventions target obesity-promoting aspects of physical, economic, social, and information environments but do not necessarily account for inequities in environmental contexts and, therefore, may perpetuate disparities. I propose a framework to guide practitioners and researchers in public health and other fields that contribute to obesity prevention in identifying ways to give greater priority to equity issues when undertaking policy, systems, and environmental change strategies. My core argument is that these approaches to improving options for healthy eating and physical activity should be linked to strategies that account for or directly address social determinants of health. I describe the framework rationale and elements and provide research and practice examples of its use in the US context. The approach may also apply to other health problems and in countries where similar inequities are observed.
The Effects of the ACA Medicaid Expansion on Nationwide Home Evictions and Eviction-Court Initiations: United States, 2000–2016
Authors: Zewde Naomi , Eliason Erica , Allen Heidi , Gross Tal 
Published: August 2019

Objectives. To evaluate the effect of the Affordable Care Act (ACA) Medicaid expansions on national rates of home eviction and eviction initiation in the United States. Methods. Using nationally representative administrative data from The Eviction Lab at Princeton University, we estimated the effects of the ACA Medicaid expansions on county-level evictions and filings from 2000 to 2016 with a difference-in-difference regression design. Results. We found that Medicaid expansions were associated with an annual reduction in the rate of evictions by 1.15 per 1000 renter-occupied households (P < .001), a reduction of 1.59 eviction filings per 1000 renter-occupied households (P < .001), and a reduction in the average number of evictions by 46 (P < .05). We found additional evidence that increasing rates of African American residents in a county was associated with a greater rate of evictions filed, and increased rates of poverty and rent burdens relative to income were associated with more evictions both filed and completed. Conclusions. Evictions decreased after Medicaid expansion, demonstrating further evidence of the substantive financial protections afforded by this coverage. The reduction in the eviction filing rate suggests that Medicaid expansion could be reducing evictions by preventing the court proceeding entirely.
The Relationship of the Terms Vape and E-Cigarette With Newspaper Content
Authors: Cross Kandice , Wu Joshua , Roberts Megan E. , Ferketich Amy K. 
Published: August 2019

Objectives. To conduct a content analysis of news articles to investigate the relationship between language used to describe e-cigarettes, how the news articles framed (conveyed information to influence a certain perception of the news read by its audience) e-cigarettes, and the Food and Drug Administration’s (FDA’s) oversight of e-cigarettes. Methods. We searched a database of articles published across the United States from February 1, 2016, to February 28, 2017, using the headline terms “e-cigarette,” “e-cig,” and “vape.” We then dichotomized terms into 2 categories: technical (“e-cigarette” or “e-cig”) and nontechnical (“vape”). We coded the frame of each article body as positive, negative, or neutral or mixed. Results. Articles containing the term “vape” in the headline were more likely to positively frame e-cigarettes (P ≤ .001) and negatively frame FDA oversight (P ≤ .001) in the body than were those with “e-cigarette” or “e-cig” in the headline. Conclusions. Omitting the word “cigarette” when describing tobacco products may reduce the negative perception associated with tobacco use, making it more appealing. It is important to know which terms are used to describe e-cigarettes and how these terms can make those products appear less harmful.
A Comparison of Treatment Effects for Nonsurgical Therapies and the Minimum Clinically Important Difference in Knee Osteoarthritis
Authors: Concoff Andrew , Rosen Jeffrey , Fu Freddie , Bhandari Mohit , Boyer Kevin , Karlsson Jon , Einhorn Thomas A. , Schemitsch Emil 
Published: August 2019

Background:
The minimum clinically important difference (MCID) was developed to ascertain the smallest change in an outcome that patients perceive as beneficial. The objectives of the present review were (1) to compare the MCIDs for pain assessments used among guidelines and meta-analyses investigating different nonsurgical therapies for knee osteoarthritis and (2) to compare the effect estimates of different nonsurgical interventions against a single commonly-utilized MCID threshold.

Methods:
Systematic and manual searches were conducted to identify guidelines and meta-analyses evaluating pain outcomes for nonsurgical knee osteoarthritis interventions. Individual treatment effects for pain were presented on a common scale (the standardized mean difference [SMD]). To evaluate the perception of the relative benefit of each nonsurgical treatment, the variation in MCIDs selected from the published MCID literature was assessed.

Results:
Thirty-seven guidelines and meta-analyses were included. MCIDs were often presented as an SMD or a mean difference (MD) on a validated scale and varied in magnitude across sources. This analysis demonstrated that intra-articular hyaluronic acid, intra-articular corticosteroids, and acetaminophen all had relatively larger effect sizes than topical nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs). Higher-molecular-weight intra-articular hyaluronic acid had a greater relative effect compared with both non-selective and cyclooxygenase-2-selective oral NSAIDs. Evaluating the treatment effect estimates against a commonly utilized MCID revealed similarities in which observations attained clinical significance among treatments; however, this observation varied across the range of reported MCIDs.

Conclusions:
The present review confirmed the variability in the MCIDs for pain assessments that are used across guidelines and meta-analyses evaluating nonsurgical interventions for knee osteoarthritis. This variability may yield conflicting treatment recommendations, ranging from rejecting treatments that are indeed efficacious to accepting treatments that may not be beneficial. Additional research is required to determine why some nonsurgical therapies are more consistently recommended in knee osteoarthritis guidelines than others as these findings suggest similarities in their effect estimates for pain. Relevant stakeholders need to reach a consensus on a standard approach to determining the MCIDs for these therapies to ensure that appropriate and effective treatment options are available to patients prior to invasive surgical intervention.

Level of Evidence:
Therapeutic Level IV. See Instructions for Authors for a complete description of levels of evidence.
Sarcopenia, Cerebral Palsy, and Botulinum Toxin Type A
Authors: Multani Iqbal , Manji Jamil , Tang Min Jia , Herzog Walter , Howard Jason J. , Graham H. Kerr 
Published: August 2019

» Sarcopenia is common in both the elderly and children with cerebral palsy.» Children with cerebral palsy have muscles that are much smaller than muscles in typically developing peers.» Injections of botulinum toxin type A (BoNT-A) result in acute muscle atrophy in animal models and in human subjects.» It is not known when or if muscles recover fully after injection of BoNT-A.» These findings have implications for management protocols.
Proposal and Experimental Trials on an Autonomous Robot for Rigless Well Intervention
Authors: Santos Hugo , Paz Paulo , Krettli Igor , Reis Ney , Pinto Hardy , Galassi Maurício , Pozzani Daniel , Lanzilotta Alessandro , Castro Bruno , Ferreira André , Thomé Lincoln , Beal Valter 
Published: August 2019

Summary
Well interventions, especially in offshore wells, are costly and usually very time-consuming to conduct. This is related mainly to the need for a rig or a similar unit to perform these operations. In this paper we propose the development of an autonomous robot for rigless well interventions. The robot will be inserted through the tree using a special tool. This proposal will result in significant cost reduction by eliminating the rig when performing light–workover operations in offshore locations. This reduces intervention time because a simpler unit might be used to deploy the robot. Examples of operations that could be performed by the robot are production logging, gas–lift valve replacement, sliding–sleeve opening and closing, and plug insertion or removal. To evaluate this proposal, a conceptual robot was designed. The feasibility of this conceptual robot was evaluated theoretically. After that, a simplified test robot was constructed to test critical aspects experimentally, in laboratories, and in a test well. The traction system, energy storage, and a positioning algorithm were evaluated. In this paper we will outline the intervention strategy proposed, perform a theoretical evaluation of this proposal on the basis of the conceptual robot, and present experimental results obtained with the simplified test robot.
Effectiveness of Steroids Vs Placebo in Preventing Upper Airway Obstruction After Extubation in Critically-ill Children: Rationale and Design of a Multicentric, Double-blind, Randomized Study
Authors: Manrique Gema , Laiseca Laura Butragueño , González Rafael , Rey Corsino , Martínez Zuriñe , Gil Javier , Rodriguez Antonio , Martínez Cecilia , Manrique Silvia , López-Herce Jesús 
Published: August 2019

Abstract
Background Post-extubation upper airway obstruction (UAO) is a frequent complication causing stridor and respiratory distress, which occasionally may require reintubation, thereby increasing morbidity and mortality rates. Contradictory results have been obtained in studies assessing the effectiveness of steroids in preventing post-extubation UAO, and the available evidence is limited. We designed a multicentric randomized, placebo-controlled study to explore the effectiveness of dexamethasone in preventing post-extubation UAO in children. Methods A multicentric, prospective, double-blind, randomized, placebo-controlled, phase IV clinical trial has been designed. The sample will include pediatric patients between 1 month and 16 years of age who have been intubated for more than 48 hours. Patients with airway disorders or who have received steroids within the last seven days will be excluded. Patients will be randomized to receive either placebo or a therapy with dexamethasone 0.25 mg/kg every 6 hours to be started 6-to-12 hours prior to extubation, to a total of four doses. Randomization will be performed at a 1:1 ratio. Follow-up of patients will be carried out for 48 h after extubation. The main objective of this study is to assess the reduction of UAO symptoms following extubation, as measured using the Taussig scale. Secondary objectives include assessing the decrease in the incidence of reintubation, evaluating the use of additional therapies for upper airway obstruction, and monitoring dexamethasone potential side effects. Discussion The results of this study will contribute to the existing evidence on prophylaxis for post-extubation airway obstruction.
Differential expression of IDA (INFLORESCENCE DEFICIENT IN ABSCISSION)-like genes in Nicotiana benthamiana during corolla abscission, stem growth and water stress
Authors: Ventimilla Daniel , Domingo Concha , Talon Manuel , Tadeo Francisco R. 
Published: August 2019

Abstract
Background

IDA (INFLORESCENCE DEFICIENT IN ABSCISSION)-like signaling peptides and the associated HAE (HAESA)-like family of receptor kinases were originally reported in the model plant Arabidopsis thaliana (Arabidopsis) to be involved in the regulation of abscission. IDA peptides, as cell-to-cell communication elements, appear to be implicated in many developmental processes that rely on cell separation events, and even in the responses to abiotic stresses. However, the knowledge related to the molecular machinery regulating abscission and other cell separation processes in economically important crops is scarce. In this work, we determined the conservation and phylogeny of the IDA-like and HAE-like gene families in relevant species of the Solanaceae family and analyzed the expression of these genes in Nicotiana benthamiana to identify members involved in abscission, stem growth and response to drought conditions.

Results

The phylogenetic relationships among the IDA-like members of the species of Solanaceae studied, grouped the NbenIDA1 (A and B) and NbenIDA2 (A and B) pairs of genes with the Arabidopsis prepropeptides related to abscission. In silico analyses of the regulatory elements of the promoter region of IDA-like members showed that these two pairs of genes, NbenIDA1 and NbenIDA2, contained drought and hormonal response elements, although NbenIDA2A lacked the hormonal regulatory elements. Expression analyses showed that both NbenIDA1 genes were upregulated during corolla abscission. NbenIDA1 and NbenIDA2 genes showed tissue differential expression under water stress conditions, since NbenIDA1 genes were highly expressed in stressed leaves while NbenIDA2 genes, especially NbenIDA2B, were highly expressed in stressed roots. In non-stressed active growing plants, nodes and internodes were the tissues with the highest expression levels of all members of the IDA-like family and their putative HAE-like receptors.

Conclusion

The results suggest that NbenIDA1A and NbenIDA1B are both involved in the natural process of corolla abscission while the NbenIDA1 and NbenIDA2 pair of genes are implicated in the response to water stress. The data also suggest that IDA peptides may be important during stem growth and development. These results add new evidence that the functional module formed by IDA peptides and its receptor kinases, as defined in Arabidopsis, may also be conserved in Solanaceae.