bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
IVAN BAHRІANYІ AND GEORGE ORWELL: COMPARATIVE APPROACH TO BIOGRAPHICAL INSIGHT
Authors: Кобута Світлана 
Published: May 2019

The given article deals with the problem of comparison of literary and political works of Ivan Bahrіanyі and George Orwell, as well as with an objective to prove that these two writers make up a far from random parallel for comparison.
On the basis of scientific works it proves that one can trace a genetic similarity in the main ideas highlighted in a number of works by these two writers. Both of them had a kind of indirect dialogue on the topics of freedom, equality and struggle against anti-humane regimes.
The article also highlights the face that there is more to the indirect dialogue of Ivan Bahrіanyі and George Orwell than it seems. Biographical insight used for the research proves that both men faced similar struggles in their lives, their political views were really close and their interpretation of the ongoing events serves as evidence. Consequently the article brings to attention the fact that biographies of the writers might become a key for understanding their works and positions. Another fact to support the above-given idea is that both writers use their own lives and personal experience as a basis for literary interpretation; this was proved by the researches of both George Orwell and Ivan Bahrіanyі literary heritage. As a result we can research their works from the point of comparative typology in synchrony on the double grounds: the indirect dialogue about crucial human problems (mainly a solitary personal struggle against totalitarian regime) as well as usage of a similar artistic method to bring it to their audience.
The article deals with the problem of freedom as a core problem highlighted in literary and political works of Ivan Bahrіanyі and George Orwell. It traces similarities and differences in the authors’ perception of the notion and ways it changes in various circumstances. It proves that the Ukrainian author pays more attention to the national aspect of freedom than his British counterpart does, which might be explained both by the differences in the worldviews (Ivan Bahrіanyі always defined himself as a socialistic patriot, while George Orwell often was perceived as a generalist and the citizen of the world) and by the political conditions of the nations the writers represent. In terms of personal freedom both authors claim it to be a crucial value for every person as it is closely connected with notions of dignity, self-respect, dreams realization etc. and defines the very existence of humankind.
Generally the article emphasizes the role and place of the writers in the anti-totalitarian discourse of the XX century. It draws attention to the fact that Ivan Bahrіanyі and George Orwell devoted all their lives and literary efforts to the struggle for a free personality, who is not to be oppressed by any political regime.
Keywords: Ivan Bahrіanyі, George Orwell, typological approach, genetic similarity, indirect dialogue, freedom, liberty, anti-totalitarian discourse, dignity, biographical approach.
МІСЦЕ ГРЕКО-КАТОЛИЦЬКОГО ДУХОВЕНСТВА У БОЙКОТІ ПЕРЕПИСУ НАСЕЛЕННЯ 1921 р. У ГАЛИЧИНІ
Authors: Єгрешій Олег 
Published: May 2019

У статті автор на основі широкої архівної джерельної бази з’ясовує місце греко-католицького духовенства у бойкоті перепису населення 1921 р. Автором визначено, що польські органи влади провели перепис населення аби показати визнання українцями приналежності галицьких земель до Польщі, а також продемонструвати перевагу польського населення в Галичині. З’ясовано, що близько половини українського населення Східної Галичини не взяло участі в переписі 1921 р. Українські політичні партії, громадські організації та Греко-католицька Церква бойкотували перепис. За активну громадянську позицію священиків піддавали репресіям: накладали штрафи, інтернували, арештовували. Польська адміністрація відстежувала діяльність випускників греко-католицьких духовних семінарій, які займали активну державницьку позицію.
Ключові слова: Греко-католицька церква, перепис населення 1921 р., польська влада, репресивна політика, Східна Галичина.
Genomic Selection for Yield and Seed Composition Traits Within an Applied Soybean Breeding Program
Authors: Stewart-Brown Benjamin B , Song Qijian , Vaughn Justin N , Li Zenglu 
Published: May 2019

AbstractGenomic selection (GS) has become viable for selection of quantitative traits for which marker-assisted selection has often proven less effective. The potential of GS for soybean was characterized using 483 elite breeding lines, genotyped with BARCSoySNP6K iSelect BeadChips. Cross validation was performed using RR-BLUP and predictive abilities (rMP) of 0.81, 0.71, and 0.26 for protein, oil, and yield, were achieved at the largest tested training set size. Minimal differences were observed when comparing different marker densities and there appeared to be inflation in rMP due to population structure. For comparison purposes, two additional methods to predict breeding values for lines of four bi-parental populations within the GS dataset were tested. The first method predicted within each bi-parental population (WP method) and utilized a training set of full-sibs of the validation set. The second method utilized a training set of all remaining breeding lines except for full-sibs of the validation set to predict across populations (AP method). The AP method is more practical as the WP method would likely delay the breeding cycle and leverage smaller training sets. Averaging across populations for protein and oil content, rMP for the AP method (0.55, 0.30) approached rMP for the WP method (0.60, 0.52). Though comparable, rMP for yield was low for both AP and WP methods (0.12, 0.13). Based on increases in rMP as training sets increased and the effectiveness of WP vs. AP method, the AP method could potentially improve with larger training sets and increased relatedness between training and validation sets.
Restriction of Cellular Plasticity of Differentiated Cells Mediated by Chromatin Modifiers, Transcription Factors and Protein Kinases
Authors: Rahe Dylan P , Hobert Oliver 
Published: May 2019

AbstractEctopic expression of master regulatory transcription factors can reprogram the identity of specific cell types. The effectiveness of such induced cellular reprogramming is generally greatly reduced if the cellular substrates are fully differentiated cells. For example, in the nematode C. elegans, the ectopic expression of a neuronal identity-inducing transcription factor, CHE-1, can effectively induce CHE-1 target genes in immature cells but not in fully mature non-neuronal cells. To understand the molecular basis of this progressive restriction of cellular plasticity, we screened for C. elegans mutants in which ectopically expressed CHE-1 is able to induce neuronal effector genes in epidermal cells. We identified a ubiquitin hydrolase, usp-48, that restricts cellular plasticity with a notable cellular specificity. Even though we find usp-48 to be very broadly expressed in all tissue types, usp-48 null mutants specifically make epidermal cells susceptible to CHE-1-mediated activation of neuronal target genes. We screened for additional genes that allow epidermal cells to be at least partially reprogrammed by ectopic che-1 expression and identified many additional proteins that restrict cellular plasticity of epidermal cells, including a chromatin-related factor (H3K79 methyltransferase, DOT-1.1), a transcription factor (nuclear hormone receptor NHR-48), two MAPK-type protein kinases (SEK-1 and PMK-1), a nuclear localized O-GlcNAc transferase (OGT-1) and a member of large family of nuclear proteins related to the Rb-associated LIN-8 chromatin factor. These findings provide novel insights into the control of cellular plasticity.
State Mandate Laws for Autism Coverage and High-Deductible Health Plans
Authors: Barry Colleen L. , Kennedy-Hendricks Alene , Mandell David , Epstein Andrew J. , Candon Molly , Eisenberg Matthew 
Published: May 2019

OBJECTIVES:
Most states have passed insurance mandates requiring health plans to cover services for children with autism spectrum disorder (ASD). Research reveals that these mandates increased treated prevalence, service use, and spending on ASD-related care. As employer-sponsored insurance shifts toward high-deductible health plans (HDHPs), it is important to understand how mandates affect children with ASD in HDHPs relative to traditional, low-deductible plans.

METHODS:
Insurance claims for 2008–2012 for children covered by 3 large US insurers (United Healthcare, Aetna, and Humana) available through the Health Care Cost Institute were used to compare the effects of mandates on ASD-related spending for children in HDHPs and traditional health plans.

RESULTS:
Relative to children in traditional plans, mandates were associated with higher average monthly spending increases for children in HDHPs. Mandate-attributable spending differences between children enrolled in HDHPs relative to traditional plans were $77 for ASD-specific services (95% confidence interval [CI]: $10 to $144), $125 for outpatient health services (95% CI: $26 to $223), and $144 for all health services (95% CI: $36 to $253). These spending differentials were driven by differences in plan spending and not out-of-pocket (OOP) spending.

CONCLUSIONS:
Spending on ASD-related services attributable to autism mandates was higher among children in HDHPs, but higher spending did not translate into a greater OOP burden. For families with consistently high health care expenditures on ASD-related services, high-deductible products may be worth considering in the context of mandate laws. Families in mandate states with children with ASD enrolled in HDHPs were able to increase service use without paying more OOP.
Evaluation of Shear Bond Strength Between Orthodontic Brackets and Three Aged Bulk Fill Composites
Authors: Seyhan Cezairli DDS, PhD Neslihan , Serkan Kucukekenci DDS, PhD Ahmet , Basoglu DDS, PhD Hande 
Published: May 2019

Purpose: The purpose of this study is to evaluate the shear bond strength (SBS) of orthodontic brackets bonded to three different bulk fill composites which were previously aged. Materials and Methods: Three bulk fill composite materials were included in this study (Filtek Bulk Fill, Tetric N-Ceram bulk fill, SureFil SDR bulk fill). Each material group contained 12 samples (n=12); a total of 36 samples were bonded in the same way with maxillary premolar brackets (CB; Avex Mx, OPAL orth.). The same type brackets were bonded on each restored surface made with bulk fill composites. The SBS was examined after storing the specimens for 24 h at 37 ºC indistilled water, followed by thermal ageing (500 cycles between 5 ºC and 55 ºC). Data were analyzed statistically. The numeric data were analyzed using analysis of variance (ANOVA) with Tukey HSD post-hoc tests at α=.05. Results: There were no significant differences among the composite groups (p>0.001). However, SBS values for control group were significantly greater than shear bond strenght values for composite groups (p<0.001). Conclusion: Bond strength of orthodontic brackets on bulk fill composite surfaces was not found adequate. Therefore, this situation leads to bonding failure during orthodontic treatment. The presence of bulk fill composites on the surface to be bonded during orthodontic treatment requires an additional armamentarium.
Clinical Alternatives for the Use of Compactable and Flowable Bulk-Fill Composites: A Step-by-Step Case Report
Authors: Durán Ojeda DDS, MSc Gerardo , Tisi DDS José Pablo , Urzúa DDS, MSc Iván 
Published: May 2019

The use of Bulk-Fill composite resins to perform posterior restorations has been massified in recent years in the different clinical disciplines of Dentistry. This may be due mainly to the simplicity in the application technique of this material as it requires its insertion into the cavity preparation in 4-5mm of composite resin thickness, achieving a considerable reduction of clinical working time. Given the existence of different viscosities of this type of composite resins, certain difficulties have been identified before the selection of each Bulk-Fill material related to the possible combinations that can be made between the different brands available in the market, even when they are used with conventional composite resins. The purpose of the following case report, is to present two step-by-step clinical possibilities using initially, compactable Bulk-Fill composite resin in a single increment for the restoration of a second upper molar, and later, through the combination of Bulk-Fill flowable composite resin together with compactable Bulk-Fill composite resin and a high-refractive-index enamel-like conventional composite resin, for a first upper molar.
Surgical Management of a Firearm Injury in the Infraorbital Area
Authors: Medina A.  DDS, OMFS Heriberto , Sansores E. DDS Daniel , González K. DDS, M.P.D. Debora , Arriola P. DDS Fabio 
Published: May 2019

The surgical management of firearm injuries to the zygomaticomaxillary complex is a topic that needs to be addressed with much care. The complications that can arise during treatment, as well as the potential residual problems that can appear, lead to the need of recognizing these injuries as a maxillofacial treatment challenge. The infraorbital zone is the second most common area of injury in the face, accounting for up to 45% of midfacial fractures. The case presented is of a 54 year old man affected by the backward firing of a gun rifle that caused an oblique impaction towards the posterior lateral inferior side of the infraorbital complex. He was rapidly stabilized with an antibiotic and analgesic scheme, yet presented the following: a comminute fracture of the orbit floor with consequent communication towards the maxillary sinus, a non-displacing fracture of the frontomalar suture, a non-displacing fracture of the zygomatic arch and a lesion with loss of osseous tissue in the petrous region of the temporal bone. Rigid fixation followed stabilization, and the area was covered with a titanium mesh. Occasional tinnitus and photopsia were reported by the patient upon return, yet all other evaluated factors were in order. There have been different forms of management described in the literature, and it is recognized that each patient has different needs, therefore each case must be closely evaluated, so it is approached in the most appropriate manner.
Evaluation of the Sedative Effect of Midazolam with and Without Ketamine, by Subcutaneous Via in Pediatric Dental Patients
Authors: Trejo-Herbert DDS Daniel , Martínez-Rider DDS Ricardo , Lara-Guevara MD Javier , Ruiz-Rodríguez DDS, MS Socorro , Garrocho-Rangel DDS, PhD Arturo , Pozos-Guillén DDS, PhD Amaury , Rosales-Berber DDS, MS Miguel 
Published: May 2019

Children's fear and anxiety about dental treatment can lead to difficulties in the behavior management by the practitioner, which can be a barrier to successful dental treatment. Non cooperative children may need dental treatment under sedation, which is indicated when the non-pharmacological behavioral guidance is unsuccessful. There are randomized controlled trials comparing different sedative protocols for dental procedures; however, evidence of superiority from one form over another is weak. The aim of the present study was to evaluate the sedative effect of midazolam subcutaneously, with and without ketamine, on dental procedures performed in non-cooperative pediatric patients. A randomized, crossover clinical trial with single blinding was performed in 13 children (10 males and 3 females) from 19 to 48 months of age, ASA I and Frankl I behavior. The two methods were applied in the same patient, and the order of the same was assigned randomly, for the two treatment appointments. In each session were evaluated the patient's general behavior, body movements and crying through the modified Houpt scale. In addition, heart rate and oxygen saturation were monitored by means of a pulse oximeter.
Prevalence of Musculoskeletal Symptoms of the Hand Among Dental Students
Authors: Sánchez Marín EOR, AEGD, M. en C. Carlos Gonzalo , Liñán Fernández Dra. en C. María del Socorro Maribel 
Published: May 2019

Introduction: Musculoskeletal symptoms of the upper extremities are common among dental workers due to exposure to risk factors including repetition, forceful exertions of the hand, and awkward wrist postures. As dental students learn new skills and procedures during dental school, they experience a gradually increasing exposure to these risk factors. The purpose of this study was to determine the prevalence of hand and wrist musculoskeletal symptoms (MSS) among dental students of the University of Iowa. Methods: Thirty-five first year students and thirty-nine fourth year students (N=74) were asked to complete two questionnaires. Results: The prevalence of moderate/severe MSS of the dominant hand such as numbness, tingling and soreness among first year students was 0, 6 and 20% respectively compared to 18, 15 and 36% of the fourth year students. Conclusions: In this relatively small sample, MSS of the dominant hand were more common among fourth year dental students when compared to first year students.
Diferencias de sexo en severidad y factores de riesgo para caries dental y enfermedad periodontal
Authors: Mafla Ana Cristina , Patiño Mauricio Alexander 
Published: May 2019

Objetivo: el objetivo de este estudio fue determinar si existen diferencias de sexo en la severidad y factores de riesgo en la aparición de caries dental y enfermedad periodontal.
Metodología: realizamos un estudio retrospectivo transversal a través de la revisión de historias clínicas de 621 pacientes de la clínica de la Facultad de Odontología de la Universidad Cooperativa de Colombia, Pasto, Colombia durante 2008 y 2013. Obtuvimos el índice COPD e ICDAS II para determinar la severidad de caries dental y el Índice CPITN para evaluar enfermedad periodontal. Se realizó un análisis descriptivo y la asociación entre caries dental y enfermedad periodontal y los factores de riesgo se evaluó mediante modelos lineales generalizados.
Resultados: la media de COPD fue levemente mayor en mujeres (20,97±6,01) que hombres (20,59±5,47) (P=0,191). Existió diferencia con respecto a dientes perdidos en hombres (4,85±4,54) y mujeres (6,12±5,64) (P=0,020). Encontramos que 12,8 % de hombres y 10,2 % de mujeres tenían bolsas periodontales ≥6mm (P=0,136). La presencia de diastemas (OR=2,881; IC al 95 %: 1,479-5,613; P=0,002) y sangrado gingival (OR=40,263; IC al 95 %: 7,851-206,484; P<0,001) se asociaron significativamente con la enfermedad periodontal en hombres y tener apiñamiento (OR=2,059; IC al 95 %: 1,387-3,055; P<0,001) y estar casada (OR=1,859; IC al 95 %: 1,046-3,304; P<0,034) influyó en esta enfermedad en mujeres.
Conclusión: el diseño de estudio retrospectivo transversal es limitado, pero ofrece una vía prometedora para futuras exploraciones. Los resultados tienen implicaciones para la promoción de diferencias en sexo en cuidados de salud oral.
Impacto psicosocial de la maloclusión en adolescentes que acuden a escuelas de Asunción y Pirayú, Paraguay
Authors: Díaz-Reissner Clarisse Virginia , Morel-Barrios Milner Iván , Quintana-Molinas María Elida 
Published: May 2019

Introducción: la autoestima y el bienestar pueden verse afectados por problemas bucodentales. La maloclusión ocupa el tercer lugar de prevalencia a nivel mundial.
Objetivo: determinar la prevalencia de necesidad de tratamiento ortodóncico y relacionarla con el impacto psicosocial en adolescentes de 12 a 16 años matriculados en escuelas públicas de Asunción y Pirayú (Paraguay), en el año 2017.
Metodología: el diseño es observacional descriptivo de corte transversal. La necesidad de tratamiento de ortodoncia se midió con el Índice de Estética Dental (IED) utilizando la sonda periodontal PCPUNC15 y el impacto psicosocial con el Cuestionario de Impacto Psicosocial de la Estética Dental (PIDAQ). Participaron del estudio 206 adolescentes. Las escuelas fueron seleccionadas por conveniencia. Se aplicaron las pruebas Chi-cuadrado de Pearson de homogeneidad, U de Mann-Whitney y Kruskal Wallis con un nivel de confianza del 95 %.
Resultados: el 61,7 % fueron mujeres. Siendo el 38,3 % de Asunción y 61,7 % de Pirayú. La necesidad de tratamiento de maloclusión fue de 19,0 % en Asunción y 4,0 % en Pirayú, siendo significativa la diferencia (p=0,001). El PIDAQ promedio fue de 58,22 (DE=9,97) en Asunción y 61,77 (DE=14,87) en Pirayú siendo esta diferencia significativa (p<0,001). Fue homogénea la distribución por sexo para IED y PIDAQ. La subescala “confianza en la propia estética dental” difirió significativamente según necesidad de tratamiento (p=0,034).
Conclusiones: Aadolescentes del estudio que acudieron a escuelas rurales presentaron menor necesidad de tratamiento de ortodoncia y mejor percepción de su aspecto estético dental que los de escuelas urbanas. Se requiere ahondar sobre factores de riesgo implicados.
The Impact of Family Support on Medication Adherence and Glycemic Control of Type 2 Diabetes Outpatients in a Nigerian Tertiary Hospital
Authors: Anene-Okeke Chigozie Gloria , Ogochukwu Adibe Maxwell , Victoria Ukwe Chinwe , Nze Aguwa Cletus 
Published: May 2019

Background: Diabetes management rarely target family support as a means of promoting diabetes self-care behaviour among adults. The potential influence of family member on individuals with Type 2 diabetes has not been fully explored. The study aims to examine the impact of family support on medication adherence and glycemic control of their Type 2 diabetes out-patients in a tertiary hospital.Methods: The study was a prospective cross-sectional survey conducted on Type 2 diabetes out-patients attending endocrinology clinic at the University of Nigeria Teaching Hospital (UNTH) between October 2013 and April 2014. The Diabetes Family Behavioral Checklist (DFBC-13) was used to assess family support while the MMAS-8 (Morisky medication Adherence Scale) was used to assess medication adherence. Fasting blood glucose readings were obtained from patients’ case files.Data were analysed using SPSS (Statistical package for social sciences) version 16 and level of statistical significance set at p<0.05. Result: A total number of 250 patients were assessed. The mean score for family support was 42 of 65 (range 13 to 65). Family support score (diet, glucose, exercise, diabetic self-care) associated with educational status (socio-demographic characteristics) r = 0.171** p = 0.007. Family support was inversely correlated to adherence and glycemic control (-0.161**, P = 0.011, r = -0.098, p = 0.147) respectively. Medication adherence was low as only 1.6% of the respondents adhered to their medication.Conclusion: Family support had little influence on medication adherence and glycemic control.