bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Using the UPLC–ESI–Q‐TOF–MSE method and intestinal bacteria for metabolite identification in the nonpolysaccharide fraction from Bletilla striata
Authors: Yang Chang , Xia Tao , Wang Changquan , Sun Huiyuan , Li Yongjun , Gong Zipeng , Li Yueting , Zheng Lin , Huang Yong 
Published: June 2019

AbstractBletilla striata (Thunb.) Reichb. f. (Orchidaceae), also known as Bai‐ji, is a traditional Chinese herb that is widely used in Asia to treat hematemesis, hemoptysis, traumatic bleeding and other similar disorders. Most studies have focused on the pharmacological activities of polysaccharide extracts from B. striata. Our previous studies found that the nonpolysaccharide fraction from B. striata extract also has a hemostatic effect; however, the active constituents responsible for this pharmacological action are unclear. Thus, the metabolic profiles of the nonpolysaccharide fraction were investigated in Sprague–Dawley rats and intestinal bacteria models using ultra‐performance liquid chromatography coupled with quadrupole time‐of‐flight tandem mass spectrometry. Mass data were acquired by the MSE method. Eight components including five prototypes and three metabolites were identified in rat biofluids after oral administration of the nonpolysaccharide fraction. The parent compounds underwent various metabolic processes, including hydrolysis, deglucosylation, glycosylation and sulfate conjugation. The results not only reveal the possible metabolic pathway, but also indicate the potential pharmacological components. Further mechanistic studies using nonpolysaccharide compounds of the B. striata extract are required to obtain potential candidate compounds.
A novel preventive mechanism of gentamicin‐induced nephrotoxicity by atorvastatin
Authors: Lee Mei‐Chun , Cheng Kuei‐Ju , Chen Shih‐Ming , Li Yi‐Chieh , Imai Kazuhiro , Lee Chun‐Ming , Lee Jen‐Ai 
Published: June 2019

AbstractAtorvastatin (ATO) inhibits the synthesis of nonsteroidal isoprenoid compounds and possesses a pleiotropic effect. However, the detailed mechanism of ATO in preventing gentamicin (GM)‐induced renal injury remains obscure. Although underlying multifaceted mechanisms involving GM‐induced nephrotoxicity were well known, further work on elucidating the essential mechanism was needed. Using a fluorogenic derivatization–liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry proteomic method (FD‐LC–MS/MS method), we investigated the effects and mechanisms of ATO treatment on GM‐induced nephrotoxicity in rats. Consequently, 49 differentially expressed proteins were identified. The most significant mechanisms of nephrotoxicity caused by GM were mitochondrial dysfunction, fatty acid metabolism and oxidative stress. Their upstream regulator was found to be PPARα. The proteins involved in GM nephrotoxicity were sodium–hydrogen exchanger regulatory factor (SLC9A3R1), cathepsin V (CTSV), macrophage migration inhibitory factor (MIF) and RhoGDP dissociation inhibitor alpha (ARHGDIA). After ATO intervention, we observed a reversed enrichment pattern of their expression, especially in CTSV and SLC9A3R1 (P‐value<0.05). We predicted that ATO may improve abnormal phospholipid metabolism and phospholipidosis caused by GM and also alleviate cell volume homeostasis and reverse the interference of GM with the transporter. Furthermore, proteomic results also provided clues as to GM‐induced nephrotoxicity biomarkers such as CTSV and transthyretin.
Bioanalytical challenges and strategies for accurately measuring acyl glucuronide metabolites in biological fluids
Authors: Patel Shefali R. 
Published: June 2019

AbstractBioanalysis of unstable compounds such as acyl glucuronide metabolites represents a great analytical challenge owing to poor analyte stability in biological matrices. The primary goal for bioanalytical assay development is to minimize the breakdown of acyl glucuronide metabolite into its parent aglycone during sample collection, transportation, storage and analysis. Samples need to be stabilized ex vivo immediately after sample collection to minimize potential breakdown and thus to ensure accurate concentration measurement of both acyl glucuronide metabolite and its parent aglycone. In this review paper, formation of acyl glucuronide metabolites, the importance of establishing acyl glucuronide exposure measurement and safety coverage, optimization of sample pretreatment to stabilize the acyl glucuronide metabolites, current analytical strategy of assaying them as well as considerations for regulatory filings are discussed. It is important to identify acyl glucuronide metabolites that are capable of undergoing hydrolysis and pH‐dependent intra‐molecular migration as well as covalently binding to plasma and tissue proteins which can cause toxicity in vivo in the early stages of drug development. Carefully planning analytical experiments, identifying structures of acyl glucuronides and monitoring their concentrations in early drug development can help assess the risks associated with their exposures and potentially predict their concentrations in human circulation.
Patient‐reported sexual quality of life after different types of radical prostatectomy and radiotherapy: Analysis of a population‐based prospective cohort
Authors: Mullins Brandon T. , Basak Ramsankar , Broughman James R. , Chen Ronald C. 
Published: June 2019

BackgroundAlthough patients with prostate cancer face many treatment options, to the authors' knowledge the comparative effects of different surgical and radiotherapy (RT) options on sexual function are unclear.MethodsIn the current study, a population‐based cohort of 835 men with newly diagnosed prostate cancer from 2011 through 2013 was recruited throughout North Carolina in collaboration with the Rapid Case Ascertainment system of the North Carolina Central Cancer Registry. All men were enrolled prior to treatment and followed prospectively using the validated Prostate Cancer Symptom Indices (PCSI) instrument. This analysis compares the sexual dysfunction scores of the PCSI among patients who received external‐beam RT (EBRT), EBRT with androgen deprivation therapy (ADT), brachytherapy, nerve‐sparing radical prostatectomy (RP), and non–nerve‐sparing RP. Propensity scores were used to balance patient characteristics across groups, and multiple imputation was used for missing data.ResultsEBRT and brachytherapy resulted in similar PCSI scores through 24 months. Compared with those receiving EBRT, patients treated with EBRT with ADT and RP with or without nerve sparing were found to have worse PCSI scores at all posttreatment time points. Preservation of useful sexual function at 24 months was associated with treatment type, baseline score, and age. Predicted preservation rates were 14.1% to 70.7% for EBRT, 8.4% to 52.3% for EBRT with ADT, 4.7% to 45.3% for nerve‐sparing RP, and 4.8% to 34.5% for non–nerve‐sparing RP.ConclusionsThe findings of the current study indicate that RT alone results in the best preservation of sexual function, and brachytherapy provides similar outcomes. RT with ADT and nerve‐sparing RP yielded similar outcomes, whereas patients treated with non–nerve‐sparing RP experienced the worst sexual function. These results help patients to make decisions among the specific types of surgery and RT they face based on each individual's diagnosis.
A computational model of open‐irrigated radiofrequency catheter ablation accounting for mechanical properties of the cardiac tissue
Authors: Petras Argyrios , Leoni Massimiliano , Guerra Jose M. , Jansson Johan , Gerardo‐Giorda Luca 
Published: June 2019

AbstractRadiofrequency catheter ablation (RFCA) is an effective treatment for cardiac arrhythmias. Although generally safe, it is not completely exempt from the risk of complications. The great flexibility of computational models can be a major asset in optimizing interventional strategies if they can produce sufficiently precise estimations of the generated lesion for a given ablation protocol. This requires an accurate description of the catheter tip and the cardiac tissue. In particular, the deformation of the tissue under the catheter pressure during the ablation is an important aspect that is overlooked in the existing literature, which resorts to a sharp insertion of the catheter into an undeformed geometry. As the lesion size depends on the power dissipated in the tissue and the latter depends on the percentage of the electrode surface in contact with the tissue itself, the sharp insertion geometry has the tendency to overestimate the lesion obtained, which is a consequence of the tissue temperature rise overestimation. In this paper, we introduce a full 3D computational model that takes into account the tissue elasticity and is able to capture tissue deformation and realistic power dissipation in the tissue. Numerical results in FEniCS‐HPC are provided to validate the model against experimental data and to compare the lesions obtained with the new model and with the classical ones featuring a sharp electrode insertion in the tissue.
Μethylammonium Chloride: A Key Additive for Highly Efficient, Stable, and Up‐Scalable Perovskite Solar Cells
Authors: Odysseas Kosmatos Kyro , Theofylaktos Lazaros , Giannakaki Eleni , Deligiannis Dimitris , Konstantakou Maria , Stergiopoulos Thomas 
Published: June 2019

Lead halide perovskites of the type APbX3 (where A = methylammonium MA, formamidinium FA, or cesium and X = iodide and bromide), in a single‐crystal form or more often as polycrystalline films, have already shown unique optoelectronic properties, comparable with those of the best single‐crystal semiconductors. To form a properly crystalline iodide or iodide/bromide, perovskite and achieve high performance in solar cells, sources containing only iodide and bromide salts (PbI2, PbBr2, MAI, FAI, CsI, MABr) are typically used as precursor materials. However, recently, most of the record perovskites contain MACl as additive to control their crystallization, revisiting the importance of methylammonium cation excess and chloride incorporation in perovskites, previously highlighted by Snaith's group back in 2012. Here, we review the background and recent progress in MACl‐mediated crystallization of perovskites, as well as the impact of the additive in solar cells. In particular, we describe the current understanding of the mechanism of perovskite crystallization process and defect passivation at grain boundaries in the presence of MACl. We then discuss the spectacular results (in terms of record efficiencies, stability, and up‐scaling) that have been delivered by solar cells employing MACl‐incorporated perovskites, and give an outlook of future research avenues that might bring perovskite solar cells closer to commercialization.
Perovskites for Laser and Detector Applications
Authors: Das Saunak , Gholipour Somayeh , Saliba Michael 
Published: June 2019

Perovskite materials have triggered a renewed interest in photovoltaic research in the recent years. They display crystal forms with 0D, 1D and 2D, 3D motifs, and several chemical forms, namely inorganic (titanates, rubidiates, nobiates, tantalates etc.), organic/inorganic metal halides with single to multiple cations, and even organic polymer or quantum dot‐infused hybrids. Each crystal type and chemical form are endowed with specific physicochemical, optical, electronic, and morphological properties. These unique properties render them suitable for targeted applications, namely photovoltaics, LEDs, photocatalysis/electrolysis/solar fuels/solar and Li‐ion batteries, gas‐sensors, ferroelectrics, capacitors, transistors and memristors, photodetectors, and lasers, for advanced quantum cryptography and outer space applications. At first, the crystal and material types, and physicochemical, morphological, and optoelectronic properties of perovskite materials are discussed. Particularly, we focus on those properties which cumulatively contribute to their application in the abovementioned fields. Simultaneously, a comprehensive discussion about the advances in each field is presented. Structure/property/application relationships with key advances demonstrate the versatility of perovskites in modern optoelectronic technologies.
Concurrent decreases in the prevalence of wheezing and Ascaris infection among 5‐year‐old children in rural Bangladesh and their regulatory T cell immunity after the implementation of a national deworming program
Authors: Takeuchi Haruko , Khan Md. Alfazal , Ahmad Shaikh Meshbahuddin , Hasan S. M. Tafsir , Alam Md. Jahangir , Takanashi Sayaka , Hore Samar Kumar , Yeasmin Sultana , Jimba Masamine , Iwata Tsutomu 
Published: June 2019

AbstractIntroductionEpidemiological research on the prevalence of asthma and helminthic infections in various countries has led to the hypothesis that helminthic infections protect against asthma by suppressing the host's immune response. This study was conducted to elucidate whether decreased Ascaris infection following a national deworming program was associated with increased recurrent wheezing among rural Bangladeshi children and to test their anti‐inflammatory immunity.MethodsThis nested case‐control study was conducted from December 2015 to October 2016 in the rural service area of the International Centre for Diarrhoeal Disease Research, Bangladesh. Of the 1800 5–year old children randomly selected for the study, informed consent was obtained from the guardians of 1658 children. Data were collected using a semistructured questionnaire adopted from the International Study of Asthma and Allergies in Childhood and blood samples for the analysis of regulatory T (Treg) cell immune responses and the balance between Th1 and Th2 immunity in Ascaris infections.ResultsA total of 145 children were found to have wheezing, yielding a prevalence rate of 8.7%, which was significantly lower than the rate found in 2001 (16.2%, P < .001); Ascaris infection also decreased from 2001 to 2016. The 127 wheezing children who agreed to participate further were compared to 114 randomly selected never‐wheezing children. Wheezing had a significant positive association with antibiotic use, history of pneumonia, parents’ history of asthma, and Ascaris infection; children with Ascaris infection were twice as likely to have wheezing (adjusted odds ratio = 2.31, P = .053). Flow cytometry found no significant differences in the rates of Th1, Th2, and CD4
+CD25
+CD127low cells by the wheezing group.ConclusionsAscaris infection had a positive rather than a negative association with wheezing and the rates of wheezing and Ascaris infections both decreased from 2001 to 2016. These findings undermines the hypothesis that such infections provide protection against asthma.
Patient with inguinal hernia containing the urinary bladder complicated by bladder stones
Authors: Inage Kota , Mizusawa Hiroya , Mimura Yuji , Shimizu Fumiaki 
Published: June 2019

IntroductionWe encountered a patient in whom bladder inguinal hernia complicated by bladder stones was incidentally diagnosed. Bladder inguinal hernia containing stones in the prolapsed bladder is rare and only two cases have been reported.Case presentationThe patient was an 82‐year‐old male in whom ascending colon cancer and inguinal hernia containing the urinary bladder were diagnosed based on abdominal computed tomography performed to examine anemia. The urinary bladder contained several small stones. Radical surgery for the hernia and lithotripsy of the urinary bladder were concomitantly performed with right colectomy. On stone analysis, the stones were found to be uric acid calculi.ConclusionIn the three patients with inguinal hernia containing the urinary bladder complicated by stones, including our patient, two‐stage urination, organic lower urinary tract obstruction, and prolapse of the urinary bladder reaching the scrotum were noted in all patients.
TRB3 interacts with ERK and JNK and contributes to the proliferation, apoptosis, and migration of lung adenocarcinoma cells
Authors: Cao Xiaopei , Fang Xiaoyu , Malik Waqar Saleem , He Yuanzhou , Li Xiaochen , Xie Min , Sun Wei , Xu Yongjian , Liu Xiansheng 
Published: June 2019

AbstractTribbles homolog 3 (TRB3) has been accounted for regulation of a few cell processes through interaction with other significant proteins. The molecular mechanisms underlying TRB3 in tumorigenesis in lung adenocarcinoma have not been entirely elucidated. The present study is aimed at determining the function and fundamental mechanisms of TRB3 in lung adenocarcinoma progression. TRB3 was highly expressed in A549 and H1299 cells and lung adenocarcinoma tissues compared with human bronchial epithelial cells (HBEpC) and adjacent normal lung tissues. Hypoxia significantly upregulated the expression of TRB3 protein in A549 and H1299 cells in a time‐dependent way. Gene expression profiling interactive analysis data analysis indicated that patients with lung adenocarcinoma with excessive expression of TRB3 mRNA had fundamentally shorter survival time. TRB3 knockdown in A549 cells can inhibit cell proliferation and migration, and promote cell apoptosis. TRB3 knockdown reduced the expression of p‐ERK and p‐JNK, but did not affect the expression of p‐P38 MAPK. TRB3 overexpression enhances the malignant transformation abilities of HBEpC such as cell proliferation, migration and colony formation, which could be reversed by U0126 and SP600125. TRB3 overexpression promotes the phosphorylation of extracellular signal‐regulated kinase (ERK) and c‐Jun N‐terminal kinase (JNK) but was not affected by U0126 and SP600125. The results of coimmunoprecipitation experiments indicated that TRB3 binds directly to ERK and JNK. This study suggests that TRB3 has a potentially carcinogenic role in lung adenocarcinoma by binding to ERK and JNK and promoting the phosphorylation of ERK and JNK. TRB3 can be a possible therapeutic focus for lung adenocarcinoma.
microRNA‐141 is associated with hepatic steatosis by downregulating the sirtuin1/AMP‐activated protein kinase pathway in hepatocytes
Authors: Yousefi Zeynab , Nourbakhsh Mitra , Abdolvahabi Zohreh , Ghorbanhosseini Seyedeh‐Sara , Hesari Zahra , Yarahmadi Sahar , Ezzati‐Mobasser Samira , Seiri Parvane , Borji Mohammad , Meshkani Reza , Malek Mojtaba 
Published: June 2019

AbstractSirtuin1 (SIRT1) is a crucial regulator of metabolism and it is implicated in the metabolic pathophysiology of several disorders inclusive of Type 2 diabetes and fatty liver disease (NAFLD). The aim of this study was to investigate the role of miR‐141 in hepatic steatosis via regulation of SIRT1/AMP‐activated protein kinase (AMPK) pathway in hepatocytes. Liver hepatocellular cells (HepG2) were treated with high concentration of glucose to be subsequently used for the assessment of miR‐141 and SIRT1 levels in a model of hepatic steatosis. On the other hand, cells were transfected with miR‐141 to investigate its effect on hepatocyte steatosis and viability as well as SIRT1 expression and activity along with AMPK phosphorylation. Targeting of SIRT1 by miR‐141 was evaluated by bioinformatics tools and confirmed by luciferase reporter assay. Following the intracellular accumulation of lipids in HepG2 cells, the level of miR‐141 was increased while SIRT1 mRNA and protein levels, as well as AMPK phosphorylation, was decreased. Transfection with miR‐141 mimic significantly downregulated SIRT1 expression and activity while miR‐141 inhibitor had the opposite effects. Additionally, modulation of miR‐141 levels significantly influenced AMPK phosphorylation status. The results of luciferase reporter assay verified SIRT1 to be directly targeted by miR‐141. miR‐141 could effectively suppress SIRT1 and lead to decreased AMPK phosphorylation in HepG2 cells. Thus, miR‐141/SIRT1/AMPK signaling pathway may be considered a potential target for the therapeutic management of NAFLD.
The lncRNA SNHG16 affects prognosis in hepatocellular carcinoma by regulating p62 expression
Authors: Zhong Jian‐Hong , Xiang Xiao , Wang Yan‐Yan , Liu Xu , Qi Lu‐Nan , Luo Cheng‐Piao , Wei Wen‐E , You Xue‐Mei , Ma Liang , Xiang Bang‐De , Li Le‐Qun 
Published: June 2019

AbstractLong noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) regulate tumor development and progression by promoting proliferation, invasion, and metastasis. The oncogenic role of lncRNA SNHG16 in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) has not been revealed. LncRNA SNHG16 is upregulated in HCC and correlates with poorer prognosis. Patients with high SNHG16 expression showed lower rates of overall and disease‐free survival than patients with low SNHG16 expression. Multivariate Cox regression revealed that SNHG16 expression was an independent predictor of poor overall and disease‐free survival. In vitro, SNHG16 promoted HCC cell proliferation, migration, and invasion while inhibiting apoptosis; in vivo, it accelerated tumor development. Altering SNHG16 expression altered levels of miR‐17‐5p, which in turn modified expression of p62, which has been shown to regulate the mTOR and NF‐κB pathways. Indeed, altering SNHG16 expression in HCC cells activated mTOR and NF‐κB signaling. These results reveal a potential mechanism for the oncogenic role of SNHG16 in HCC. SNHG16 may therefore be a promising diagnostic marker as well as therapeutic target in HCC.
hsa_circ_0000745 promotes cervical cancer by increasing cell proliferation, migration, and invasion
Authors: Jiao Jun , Zhang Teng , Jiao Xinlin , Huang Tingting , Zhao Lu , Ma Daoxin , Cui Baoxia 
Published: June 2019

AbstractCircular RNAs (circRNAs) participate in gene regulation and malignant tumor progression, including uterine cervical cancer (CC). In this study, the expression profile of circRNAs in CC was detected using circRNA microarrays. Then, we selected hsa_circ_0000745 for further examination from the significantly dysregulated circRNAs. Proliferation assays, Transwell assays, quantitative reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction, western blot analysis and tumorigenesis tests in vivo were used to validate the role of hsa_circ_0000745 in CC. hsa_circ_0000745 was upregulated in CC, and its level positively correlated with the level of its linear messenger RNA isoform. Patients with poorly differentiated tumors or vascular/lymphatic invasion presented higher expression of hsa_circ_0000745. The role of hsa_circ_0000745 was illuminated by knocking down hsa_circ_0000745 in CC cells, and the results revealed that reducing hsa_circ_0000745 inhibited cell proliferation, migration, and invasion in CC by upregulating E‐cadherin (E‐cad) expression. In summary, as a tumor promoter in CC, hsa_circ_0000745 enhances the cell's ability to proliferate, migrate, and invade by reducing the expression of E‐cad. hsa_circ_0000745 is a candidate target for the treatment of CC in the clinic.