bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Financial Regulators on Boards: Evidence From Earnings Information Quality
Authors: Chang Ching‐Hung , Chi Yung‐Ling , Wu Qingqing 
Published: November 2024

ABSTRACTWe find that directors with a financial regulatory background are associated with lower earnings quality. The influence of financial regulatory directors (FRDs) is more substantial for firms with higher proprietary costs and FRDs with greater expertise and experience. FRD firms do not have a greater likelihood of financial misconduct or meeting or beating analysts' forecasts. The stock market reacts more positively to FRD appointments than to the appointments of other directors. Our findings suggest that FRDs certify firm discipline, with lower earnings quality reflecting strategic choices rather than opportunistic manipulation, highlighting the impact of postemployment restrictions in financial regulatory agencies.
Long‐Term Soil Warming Drives Different Belowground Responses in Arbuscular Mycorrhizal and Ectomycorrhizal Trees
Authors: Chari Nikhil R. , Muratore Thomas J. , Frey Serita D. , Winters Cristina L. , Martinez Gabriela , Taylor Benton N. 
Published: November 2024

ABSTRACTThe ability of trees to acquire soil nutrients under future climate conditions will influence forest composition and function in a warmer world. Rarely are multiple belowground carbon allocation pathways measured simultaneously in large global change experiments, restricting our understanding of how trees may shift their allocation of resources to different nutrient acquisition mechanisms under future climates. Leveraging a 20‐year soil warming experiment, we show that ectomycorrhizal (EM) trees reduce mycorrhizal colonization and root exudation while increasing fine root biomass, while arbuscular mycorrhizal (AM) trees largely maintained their belowground carbon allocation patterns in warmer soils. We suggest that AM trees may be better adapted to thrive under global warming due to higher rates of nitrogen mineralization in warmer soils and the ability of their mycorrhizal symbiont to acquire mineralized inorganic nutrients, whereas EM trees may need to alter their belowground carbon allocation patterns to remain competitive as global temperatures rise.
Mapping the Future of Tech‐Infused Luxury: A Roadmap and Research Directions
Authors: Al‐Issa Nermain , Thanasi Marsela 
Published: November 2024

ABSTRACTThis systematic review presents a pioneering analysis of advanced technology applications in the luxury industry, proposing a structured framework for effective integration across various supply chain and consumer journey stages. The study ensured a refined and comprehensive literature review by employing unique keywords derived from a preliminary exploration of technologies in retail and marketing. Our framework categorizes technologies according to their supply chain roles and highlights their impact on consumer perceptions, preferences, and purchasing decisions. The findings reveal a growing trend of luxury brands adopting advanced technologies to enhance customer experiences, boost operational efficiency, foster sustainable practices, and reinforce market positioning. This research contributes to sustainable supply chain management and ethical consumerism in the luxury sector by aligning technological innovation with sustainability and core luxury values. It provides actionable insights for industry practitioners and identifies future research directions, marking this study as a first‐mover in advancing academic understanding and industry practice in luxury technology integration.
Catheter‐Based Renal Denervation for Resistant Arterial Hypertension: 10‐Year Real‐World Follow‐Up Data
Authors: Brouwers Sofie , Botti Giulia , Verbesselt Matthias , Addeo Lucio , Belmonte Marta , Bermpeis Kostas , Bertolone Dario Tino , Valeriano Chiara , Viscusi Michele Mattia , Wyffels Eric 
Published: November 2024

ABSTRACTThis analysis of real‐world data examines the efficacy, safety, and long‐term outcomes of renal denervation in hypertensive patients for up to 10 years. Sixty‐five consecutive patients underwent renal denervation (RDN) (single operator) for uncontrolled resistant hypertension. Efficacy was defined as the interindividual change of office (OBPM) and ambulatory blood pressure monitoring (ABPM) at 1, 6, 12 months, 2–4 and 5–10 years after RDN. Medication changes, renal function, and device generation disparities were analyzed. Of these patients, 42 received RDN with a first‐generation device, while 23 underwent the procedure with a second‐generation device. Baseline demographics included a predominantly male cohort (57.6%) with an average age of 60.3 years. The mean number of medications at baseline was 4.3. OBPM at baseline was 169.0/87.4 mmHg, and ABPM at baseline was 153.4/88.4 mmHg. Post‐procedure, significant reductions in systolic blood pressure (SBP) were observed in both OBPM and ABPM at 1 month (OBPM 147.9/82.8 mmHg; ABPM 141.3/83.0 mmHg [SBP, p < 0.001]), sustained up to 10 years (OBPM 153.1/84.3 mmHg; ABPM 138/80.1 mmHg [SBP, p < 0.001]). After 1 year around half of patients had a controlled OBPM and 24 h ABPM < 135/85 mmHg, which was associated with a higher number of ablation spots (31.5±14.8 vs. 15.5 ± 6.5, p = 0.002) and occurred more often when treated with a second‐generation device (2 [12.5%] vs. 7 [77.8%], p = 0.002). Renal function displayed a minor physiological decline over 5–10 years. No major complication occurred. Renal denervation demonstrated sustained significant reductions in systolic OBPM and ABPM up to 10 years post‐procedure. Controlled blood pressure at 1 year was associated with a higher number of mean ablated spots and the use of a second‐generation device. The procedure exhibited a favorable safety profile, indicating its viability in managing hypertension without significant renal function compromise.
Brain tissue microstructure in a prospective, longitudinal, population‐based cohort of preterm and term‐born young adults
Authors: Peterson Bradley S. , Delavari Sahar , Sadik Jonathan , Ersland Lars , Elgen Irene B. , Sawardekar Siddhant , Bansal Ravi , Aukland Stein Magnus 
Published: November 2024

BackgroundFifteen million infants annually are born prematurely, placing them at high risk for life‐long adverse neurodevelopmental outcomes. Whether brain tissue abnormalities that accompany preterm birth persist into young adulthood and are associated with long‐term cognitive or psychiatric outcomes is not known.MethodsFrom infancy into young adulthood, we followed a population‐based sample of consecutively identified preterm infants and their matched term controls. The preterm group was born at an average gestational age of 31.5 ± 2.6 weeks. We obtained Diffusion Tensor Imaging scans and assessed cognitive and psychiatric outcomes in young adulthood, at a mean age of 19 (range 17.6–20.8) years. Usable data were acquired from 180 participants (89 preterm, 91 term).ResultsPreterm birth was associated with lower fractional anisotropy (FA) and higher average diffusion coefficient (ADC) values in deep white matter tracts of the internal capsule, cerebral peduncles, inferior frontal‐occipital fasciculus, sagittal stratum and splenium of the corpus callosum, as well as in grey matter of the caudate, putamen and thalamus. A younger gestational age at birth accentuated these tissue abnormalities. Perinatal characteristics, including lower 5‐min APGAR score, history of bronchopulmonary dysplasia, more days of oxygen supplementation and multiple births all increased ADC values in deep white matter tracts and grey matter throughout the brain. Preterm individuals had significantly lower full‐scale IQ and more frequent lifetime psychiatric disorders. Those with psychiatric illnesses had significantly higher ADC and lower FA values throughout the deep posterior white matter.ConclusionsAbnormalities in brain tissue microstructure associated with preterm birth persist into young adulthood and likely represent disordered myelination and accompanying axonal pathology. These disturbances are associated with a higher likelihood of developing a psychiatric disorder by young adulthood. Brain tissue disturbances were accentuated in those born at younger gestational ages and in those with a history of perinatal complications associated with infection and inflammation.
Consumer and multidisciplinary clinician experiences after implementation of the Drug Burden Index intervention bundle to facilitate deprescribing in older inpatients: A mixed method study
Authors: Masnoon Nashwa , Lo Sarita , Baysari Melissa , Bennett Alexandra , McLachlan Andrew J. , Blyth Fiona , Duong Mai , Hilmer Sarah N. 
Published: November 2024

AbstractRationaleThe Drug Burden Index (DBI) measures exposure to anticholinergic and sedative drugs, which are associated with harm in older adults. To facilitate deprescribing in older Australian inpatients, we piloted an intervention bundle integrating the DBI in Electronic Medical Records, clinician deprescribing guides, consumer information leaflets and a stewardship pharmacist.ObjectivesTo understand (i) hospital clinician experiences of using the bundle and (ii) consumer (patient and carer) and General Practitioner (GP) experiences of in‐hospital deprescribing, following bundle implementation.MethodsHospital clinicians from target services (General and Geriatric Medicine) at an Australian metropolitan tertiary‐referral hospital, were invited to complete surveys, including the System Usability Scale (SUS), and interviews. Patients aged ≥75 years with high DBI (DBI ≥1) were admitted to target services, and their carers, received interview invitations. Consenting patients’ GPs received surveys. Qualitative data was thematically analysed. Hospital clinician interviews were mapped to the Human Organisation Technology‐fit Framework. Patient interviews were mapped to an adaptation of the National Health Service Patient Experience Framework.ResultsSeventeen hospital clinicians (n = 15 medical, n = 2 pharmacists) and four GPs completed surveys. Eight hospital clinicians (n = 7 medical, n = 1 pharmacist), seven patients and two carers completed interviews. Hospital clinicians reported good usability (SUS score 71.5 ± 12.5). Most themes were around system use and user satisfaction. They reported the intervention was useful for medication review, identified challenges from pre‐existing heavy workload and suggested further integration into workflows. Patients and carers reported themes around information, communication and education. Patients reported feeling better or no different post‐deprescribing. Patients, carers and GPs described poor communication regarding in‐hospital medication changes and their rationale.ConclusionsThe intervention was well accepted by hospital clinicians. The bundle requires further integration into workflows for sustainability and assessment of generalisability in other health services. Given patients, carers and GPs reported poor medication‐related communication, future interventions may target this.
Social determinants of health and mild cognitive impairment in a diverse community sample
Authors: Ganguli Mary , Jacobsen Erin , Song Ruopu , Wood Isabella , Kinnee Ellen J. , Hughes Tiffany F. , Snitz Beth E. , Chang Chung‐Chou H. 
Published: November 2024

AbstractBackgroundThe associations between community‐wide social determinants of health and mild cognitive impairment (MCI) among individuals warrant investigation.MethodsAmong 2830 dementia‐free individuals aged 65+ years in a community‐based US study, we examined cross‐sectional associations of MCI (Clinical Dementia Rating = 0.5) with the following potential social determinants of health: at the census tract or block group level obtained from public sources: neighborhood disadvantage (Area Deprivation Index, ADI), air pollution with fine particulate matter (PM2.5), greenspace, Walkability Index, ambulatory healthcare availability per square mile, homicide rate; and at the individual participant level, birth/schooling in a southern US state.ResultsUnadjusted logistic regression models found higher odds ratios (OR, 95% CI) for MCI with higher ADI (1.01, 1.003–1.02), higher PM2.5 (1.16, 1.07–1.26), higher homicide rate (1.007, 1.001–1.012), lesser greenspace (0.99, 0.90–0.99), and southern schooling (2.06, 1.6–3.54). Adjusting for age, race, sex, and educational level, ADI remained statistically significant (1.04, 1.01–1.06), while PM2.5 and Southern state schooling interacted significantly with race and were more strongly affected in Black participants than in White participants.ConclusionsIn this cohort, several community‐wide social/environmental factors were associated with MCI. While clinicians should continue to encourage older adults to modify their individual risk factors, policy changes are needed to mitigate social determinants of health in the community.
Brain tissue classification in hyperspectral images using multistage diffusion features and transformer
Authors: Sigger Neetu , Nguyen Tuan T. , Tozzi Gianluca 
Published: November 2024

AbstractBrain surgery is a widely practised and effective treatment for brain tumours, but accurately identifying and classifying tumour boundaries is crucial to maximise resection and avoid neurological complications. This precision in classification is essential for guiding surgical decisions and subsequent treatment planning. Hyperspectral (HS) imaging (HSI) is an emerging multidimensional optical imaging method that captures detailed spectral information across multiple wavelengths, allowing for the identification of nuanced differences in tissue composition, with the potential to enhance intraoperative tissue classification. However, current frameworks often require retraining models for each HSI to extract meaningful features, resulting in long processing times and high computational costs. Additionally, most methods utilise the deep semantic features at the end of the network for classification, ignoring the spatial details contained in the shallow features. To overcome these challenges, we propose a novel approach called MedDiffHSI, which combines diffusion and transformer techniques. Our method involves training an unsupervised learning framework based on the diffusion model to extract high‐level and low‐level spectral–spatial features from HSI. This approach eliminates the need for retraining of spectral–spatial feature learning model, thereby reducing time complexity. We then extract intermediate multistage features from different timestamps for classification using a pretrained denoising U‐Net. To fully explore and exploit the rich contextual semantics and textual information hidden in the extracted diffusion feature, we utilise a spectral–spatial attention module. This module not only learns multistage information about features at different depths, but also extracts and enhances effective information from them. Finally, we employ a supervised transformer‐based classifier with weighted majority voting (WMV) to perform the HSI classification. To validate our approach, we conduct comprehensive experiments on in vivo brain database data sets and also extend the analysis to include additional HSI data sets for breast cancer to evaluate the framework performance across different types of tissue. The results demonstrate that our framework outperforms existing approaches by using minimal training samples (5%) while achieving state‐of‐the‐art performance.
Smartphone‐based high durable strain sensor with sub‐pixel‐level accuracy and adjustable camera position
Authors: Wu Pengfei , Lu Bo , Li Huan , Li Weijie , Zhao Xuefeng 
Published: November 2024

AbstractComputer vision strain sensors typically require the camera position to be fixed, limiting measurements to surface deformations of structures at pixel‐level resolution. Also, sensors have a service term significantly shorter than the designed service term of the structures. This paper presents research on a high durable computer vision sensor, microimage strain sensing (MISS)‐Silica, which utilizes a smartphone connected to an endoscope for measurement. It is designed with a range of 0.05 ε, enabling full‐stage strain measurement from loading to failure of structures. The sensor does not require the camera to be fixed during measurements, laying the theoretical foundation for embedded computer vision sensors. Measurement accuracy is improved from pixel level to sub‐pixel level, with pixel‐based measurement errors around 8 µε (standard deviation approximately 7 µε) and sub‐pixel calculation errors around 6 µε (standard deviation approximately 5 µε). Sub‐pixel calculation has approximately 30% enhancement in measurement accuracy and stability. MISS‐Silica features easy data acquisition, high precision, and long service term, offering a promising method for long‐term measurement of both surface and internal structures.
The In Vitro Activity of Rezafungin Against Uncommon Species of Candida
Authors: Winkler Marisa L. , Rhomberg Paul , Klauer Abigail L. , Edeker Samuel , Castanheira Mariana 
Published: November 2024

ABSTRACTBackgroundInvasive candidiasis (IC) is increasing due to the rising numbers of immunocompromised patients. Increasing azole resistance rates and daily dosing required for most echinocandins have complicated its treatment. The approval of rezafungin has provided an option for weekly echinocandin treatment. The susceptibility of less common Candida spp. to rezafungin is unclear. We looked at the minimum inhibitory concentrations (MICs) of rezafungin and comparator agents against Candida spp. collected as part of a global surveillance program.MethodThe CLSI reference broth microdilution method was performed to test 590 clinical isolates of 28 different Candida species, including Candida auris. Species‐specific interpretative criteria by breakpoints or epidemiological cutoff values were applied where available.ResultsRezafungin was within ±2‐fold MIC50/90 values of other echinocandins against all Candida spp. The lowest rezafungin MIC50/90 values were noted against C. kefyr (0.03/0.06 mg/L) and C. pelliculosa (0.015/0.03 mg/L). Higher rezafungin MIC50/90 values were noted for C. guilliermondii (1/1 mg/L) and for isolates in the C. parapsilosis complex (C. orthopsilosis, 0.5/1 mg/L, C. metapsilosis, 0.12/0.5 mg/L). Rezafungin was active against 97.7% of C. dubliniensis and 95.4% of C. auris by CLSI breakpoints. For fluconazole, 69.7% of C. guilliermondii, 85.7% of C. orthopsilosis, and 100% of C. metapsilosis were wildtype by ECV, and 10.8% of C. auris were susceptible by CDC breakpoint.ConclusionsRezafungin was highly active by in vitro testing against less common Candida spp. Rezafungin MICs were comparable to other echinocandins. Rezafungin is a desirable therapeutic alternative due to its reduced dosing frequency.
Finite element and microstructural analyses indicate that pteraspid heterostracan oral plate microstructure was adapted to a mechanical function
Authors: Grohganz Madleen , Ballell Antonio , Rayfield Emily J. , Ferrón Humberto G. , Johanson Zerina , Donoghue Philip C. J. 
Published: November 2024

AbstractEarly vertebrate evolution has been characterized as a gradual shift from passive to more active feeding modes. However, this evolutionary scenario is contingent on poorly constrained inferences of the feeding ecology of extinct stem‐gnathostomes. Heterostracans are among the earliest members of the gnathostome stem‐lineage. Pteraspidiform heterostracans possessed an oral apparatus composed of rod‐like plates that has been interpreted as being used for either passive suspension feeding or mechanical food processing. Direct tests of the suspension feeding interpretation are challenging and so we tested hypotheses of mechanical function using a combination of microstructural and finite element analysis. Our results demonstrate a negative relationship between simulated minimum principal stress (mostly compressive stress) and bone volume fraction (a proxy for internal microstructure); the higher the stress, the higher the bone volume fraction. This relationship is clearest in the oral plate shaft. The hook, where a load would be applied, shows the highest bone volume fraction values. Our results are compatible with the adaption of skeletal microstructure to mechanical function in which bone adaptively remodels under applied load to become denser to withstand increased stress. On this basis we reject the suspension feeding hypothesis in favour of a mechanical function for oral plates, such as deposit feeding or scavenging, in support for which we observe wear patterns on the aboral surface and the distal tip of the hook compatible with repeated abrasive polishing.
Client credibility judgment: A source of inequity in street‐level implementation
Authors: Kang Inkyu , Lee Seulki 
Published: November 2024

AbstractStreet‐level bureaucrats rely on credibility judgments when navigating interactions with citizen‐clients who are mostly strangers. These credibility judgments are inherently susceptible to prejudice against marginalized social groups, especially among majority bureaucrats who do not represent the marginalized groups in question. This argument was examined through a sequential mixed‐methods design, focusing on the case of police investigations of women's sexual assault accusations. In a mock investigatory case presented through vignettes, results revealed that male investigators were less inclined than their female counterparts to find the accusations credible. Interviewed investigators admitted to often relying on stereotyping cues when assessing the accusations' credibility, and elaborated on how increasing female representation in the workforce could help mitigate this problem. Our study highlights that client credibility judgments act as an inequitable gatekeeper in street‐level implementation. The implications extend beyond policing to other policy domains where program integrity is a salient issue, such as welfare.
Assessing the Feasibility of Sustainable Aquaculture for Common Snook Centropomus undecimalis
Authors: de Jesús Contreras‐García María , Contreras‐Sánchez Wilfrido M. , Mendoza‐Carranza Manuel 
Published: November 2024

ABSTRACTCommon Snook (Centropomus undecimalis) is widely distributed across the tropical Atlantic Coasts and has a significant economic impact. This review aims to assess the knowledge status of common snook, contributing significantly to the development of sustainable aquacultural practices. The review was conducted using Web of Science and Google Scholar to identify scientific articles analysing the biology and ecology, the status of snook fisheries and developments in aquaculture production. Researchers in the USA, Mexico and Brazil have conducted 37.95%, 25.52% and 26.21% of published research, respectively, focusing mainly on reproduction in natural environments, status of fisheries and aquaculture production. From an environmental perspective, it is essential to understand the factors impacting C. undecimalis populations. Climate change effects and human alterations to river courses pose significant threats. In addition to fishing regulations, there is a promising potential for further fisheries research and to deepen the understanding of the life cycle to support the implementation of sound aquacultural practices to replenish exploited stocks and to develop commercial aquaculture. Currently, C. undecimalis populations in Mexico and the United States are overexploited, focusing on México, which now has a management plan. Advances in controlled reproduction and larval development have been made. However, many challenges remain unclear, such as larval conditions that continue to represent a bottleneck to block continuous and large‐scale aquaculture production, larval nutrition, disease management and culture systems. However, aquaculture holds the potential to enhance the sustainability of this species by reducing fishing pressure and aiding population recovery.
The HLA‐B*27:264 Allele Identified in a Volunteer Donor for Haematopoietic Stem Cell Transplant
Authors: Baek In‐Cheol , Choi Eun‐Jeong , Kim Hyoung‐Jae , Choi Haeyoun , Chung Yeun‐Jun 
Published: November 2024

ABSTRACTHLA‐B*27:264 differs from HLA‐B*27:05:02:01 in codon 49 in exon 2.