bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Outcomes of the “STEPS” HIV prevention training program for young males in the penitentiary institution, Ukraine
Authors: Dauria Emily , Tolou-Shams Marina , Skipalska Halyna , Bachmaha Mariya , Hodgdon Sara 
Published: April 2018

Purpose
Ukraine has one of the fastest growing HIV epidemics globally. Due to their engagement in high-risk behaviors, adolescents and emerging adults involved with the penitentiary system are at a particularly high risk of HIV-acquisition. To address the epidemic, young males (aged 14 to 20 years) in penitentiary institutions across Ukraine participated in a ten-week, group-based HIV-prevention intervention (STEPS). The paper aims to discuss these issues.

Design/methodology/approach
The authors analyzed clinical and programmatic services data collected as part of an evaluation of the STEPS intervention. Paired t-tests and χ2 were used to examine pre- and post-intervention differences in HV knowledge, attitudes, and risk behaviors and alcohol and other drug use knowledge.

Findings
In total, 105 male youths participated in the ten-session STEPS intervention. At baseline, males reported high frequencies of risk behaviors (e.g. unprotected sexual activity, injection drug use), moderate levels of HIV-related knowledge, and negative attitudes toward HIV and people living with HIV. At follow-up (immediately following the last STEPS session), participants’ HIV-related knowledge substantially improved and participants tended to have more favorable attitudes toward HIV.

Research limitations/implications
Outcomes suggest that knowledge and attitudes about HIV among Ukrainian incarcerated youth can improve as a result of group-based HIV-prevention intervention.

Originality/value
In Ukraine, individuals involved with the criminal justice system are one of the populations most-at-risk for HIV; criminal justice-involved adolescents and young adults are disproportionately affected by the HIV epidemic. Research among this sub-population is limited. This study aims to address this gap by evaluating an on-going group-based HIV-prevention program designed to reduce adolescent risk of HIV.
Questionnaire to avoid transfers to healthcare: a Brazilian experience
Authors: Alvarenga Carlos Willie , Fernandes Luiz Henrique , Pazin-Filho Antonio , dos Santos Luciane Loures 
Published: April 2018

Purpose
The purpose of this paper is to test whether training correctional facility (CF) officers in the admission process would identify risk factors for inmates’ unscheduled transfers to healthcare units in the first 24 hours.

Design/methodology/approach
Correctional officers (COs) were trained to use a questionnaire with ten closed questions, which seeks to identify occupational or nosocomial risk, applied upon the admission of inmates to a CF.

Findings
There were 1,288 admissions in six CFs in Ribeirão Preto and Serra Azul/Brazil from March 2010 to May 2011. Of those admissions, 21.2 percent were in penitentiaries and 78.9 percent in provisional detention centers. Of the questionnaires applied, 580 answered affirmatively (45 percent) for one or more of the questions, with nearly 60 percent related to drug use in the last 12 hours, 37.7 percent use of medications while the most frequently mentioned diseases were respiratory diseases (37 percent) and mental disorders (19 percent).The number of positive responses per evaluation presented an odds ratio of 3.6 (CI 95% – 1.6, 10.5) for unscheduled transfers for external clinical evaluation.

Research limitations/implications
The lack of a control group and the fact that morbidities described by prisoners could not be confirmed are study limitations. The research does, however, still contribute to the goal of achieving appropriate medical care within CFs.

Originality/value
The training of COs to identify risk factors that predict the need for unplanned transfers to healthcare units was feasible. These findings have important implications for CFs that do not provide ongoing medical service, a universal reality in Brazil.
An empirical examination of Instagram as an s-commerce channel
Authors: Abed Salma 
Published: April 2018

Purpose
The purpose of this paper is to review the literature and empirically examine a theory-based model in the context of social commerce (s-commerce). The study examined the popular photo-sharing platform “Instagram” to determine the value of s-commerce and its acceptance by customers.

Design/methodology/approach
Using the unified theory of acceptance and use of technology (UTAUT) as the theoretical framework, the researcher examined the proposed research model and related hypotheses. A survey questionnaire of 441 Instagram users in Saudi Arabia was collected and analyzed using structural equation modeling.

Findings
The results revealed that social influence and trust are the most significant factors affecting behavioral intention. In contrast, the effect of facilitating conditions on behavioral intention was found to be not significant.

Originality/value
Very limited empirical research has been conducted in the context of s-commerce in the Arab region generally and in Saudi Arabia specifically. The findings of the present study will provide guidance that could be put into action for marketers and professionals in Saudi Arabia.
Sources of competitive advantage for Malaysian micro-enterprises
Authors: Mamun Abdullah Al , Nawi Noorshella Binti Che , Permarupan P. Yukthamarani , Muniady Rajennd 
Published: April 2018

PurposeEntrepreneurial activities are embedded within the networks of social relationships, which facilitate the flow of crucial information and resources. This study aims to examine the effect of social capital (i.e. structural, cognitive and relational), entrepreneurial competencies (i.e. commitment, conceptual and organizing) and micro-enterprise innovativeness (i.e. innovativeness and absorptive capacity) on the competitive advantages of the micro-enterprises owned and managed by women micro-entrepreneurs in Peninsular Malaysia.Design/methodology/approachThis study used a cross-sectional design and collected quantitative data from 417 women micro-entrepreneurs from six selected states in Peninsular Malaysia through structured interview. For data analysis, this study adopted variance-based structural equation modeling, i.e. PLS-SEM.FindingsThe findings of this study revealed a significant positive effect of social capital on entrepreneurial competencies, innovativeness and competitive advantage. The findings also revealed a significant positive effect of entrepreneurial competencies on innovativeness and competitive advantage.Originality/valueThe government and other development agencies working toward enterprise development in Malaysia should therefore focus on designing a platform for women micro-entrepreneurs to promote the development of structural and relational social capital, which foster the flow of crucial information and resources necessary for suitable micro-enterprise performance.
Competencies physicians need to lead – a Canadian case
Authors: Comber Scott , Crawford Kyle Clayton , Wilson Lisette 
Published: April 2018

Purpose
Emerging evidence correlates increased physician leadership effectiveness with improved patient and healthcare system outcomes. To maximize this benefit, it is critical to understand current physician leadership needs. The purpose of this study is to understand, through physicians’ self-reporting, their own and others’ most effective and weakest leadership skills in relation to the LEADS leadership capabilities framework.

Design/methodology/approach
The authors surveyed 209 Canadian physician leaders about their perceptions of their own and other physicians’ leadership abilities. Thematic analysis was used, and the results were coded deductively into the five LEADS categories, and new categories emerging from inductive coding were added.

Findings
The authors found that leaders need more skills in the areas of Engage Others and Lead Self, and an emergent category of Business Skills, which includes financial competency, budgeting, facilitation, etc. Further, Achieve Results, Develop Coalitions and Systems Transformation are skills least reported as needed in both self and others.

Originality/value
The authors conclude that LEADS, in its current form, has a gap in the competencies prescribed, namely, “Business Skills”. They recommend the development of a more comprehensive LEADS framework that includes such skills as financial literacy/competency, budgeting, facilitation, etc. The authors also found that certain dimensions of LEADS are being overlooked by physicians in terms of importance (Systems Transformation, Achieve Results, Develop Coalitions), and this warrants greater investigation into the reasons why these skills are not as important as the others (Engage Others and Lead Self).
Perspectives of people with intellectual disability about open, sheltered and social enterprise employment
Authors: Meltzer Ariella , Kayess Rosemary , Bates Shona 
Published: April 2018

PurposePeople with intellectual disability have a low rate of employment in Australia and internationally. Their low employment rate is set within a context of limited employment choices. Further, the most common types of work currently undertaken by people with intellectual disability – open and sheltered employment – have limitations and may not be suitable for everyone. Expanding the employment choices available represents an important way forward, but evidence is needed to guide the expansion. This paper aims to contribute to the evidence required by comparing people with intellectual disability’s experience and outcomes in open and sheltered employment to their experience and outcomes working in social enterprises, which is becoming an important alternative employment option for this group.Design/methodology/approachThe paper uses the qualitative accounts of 51 people with intellectual disability to compare experiences and outcomes in open, sheltered and social enterprise employment in Australia.FindingsThe paper finds that social enterprises combine some of the benefits of open and sheltered employment and thus expand employment choice. However, the level of business/market development and opportunities for employment in social enterprises are currently limited and require further development and scale to enable social enterprises to be an option for more people with intellectual disability. Policy implications are drawn out for expanding employment choice, in particular through social enterprise employment, for people with intellectual disability.Originality/valueThe paper offers the first three-way comparison of open, sheltered and social enterprise employment for people with intellectual disability, contributing to both the disability employment and social enterprise literature.
Skilful means – a Buddhist approach to social responsibility
Authors: Vu Mai Chi 
Published: April 2018

Purpose
The purpose of this paper is to explore the link between spirituality and corporate social responsibility (CSR) from a Buddhist perspective. The paper addresses critical issues in CSR and highlights how the concept of Buddhist skilful means can be applied to tackle such issues. Skilful means is highlighted among various Buddhist concepts because it represents a context-sensitive and practical approach that can be effectively applied in CSR practice.

Design/methodology/approach
The paper reviews scholarly conversations on the challenges faced by CSR in contemporary business management and justifies the application of Buddhist principles, especially skilful means, to tackle such issues. The paper draws upon a wide range of Buddhist teachings and Sutras to propose a Buddhist skilful means approach to CSR.

Findings
Studies show that CSR is a highly contextualised term. Its definition and implementation differ in various contexts. Buddhism is set apart from other religions by its flexibility in practice and contextualisation. Further, the non-attachment that sits at the heart of the skilful means allows the exploration of different CSR practices to respond effectively to local contexts.

Practical implications
The paper proposes practical means for CSR practices adopted from a number of Buddhist qualities and principles in response to challenges for the practice of CSR.

Originality/value
Buddhist concepts have yet to be discovered or included in major scholarly conversations because of their contradiction of some well-known Western concepts and theories. Skilful means, including the principle of non-attachment, is a Buddhist approach. This paper argues that skilful means is a good fit with CSR as it has practical applications that can address issues identified in relation to CSR and organisational management practices.
How spirituality, climate and compensation affect job performance
Authors: Do Tung Thanh 
Published: April 2018

PurposeThis paper aims to study the impact of four dimensions of workplace spirituality (engaging work, spiritual connection, mystical experiences and sense of community), corresponding with workplace climate and compensation on employee perceived job performance.Design/methodology/approachA sample of 207 individuals from an international hospital were interviewed. Preliminary research, sale assessment, correlations and regressions were carried out.FindingsThe findings suggest that there are strong, positive and significant relationships between workplace spirituality (engaging work, sense of community), workplace climate, compensation and perceived job performance.Research limitations/implicationsThis paper relates to only the healthcare services. Hence, it is highly recommended that further research be administered in other professions and areas with a broader view and a longitudinal research design.Practical implicationsSome applicable recommendations to enhance personnel’s productivity and organizational effectiveness are suggested.Originality/valueThis paper could shed new light on the neglected acknowledged phenomena of spirituality, climate and compensation at work as well as make way for various applications in the working environment.
Multidimensional analyses of physical performance reveal a size‐dependent trade‐off between suites of traits
Authors: Charters Jordan E. , Heiniger Jaime , Clemente Christofer J. , Cameron Skye F. , Amir Abdul Nasir Ami F. , Niehaus Amanda C. , Wilson Robbie S. 
Published: April 2018

Abstract

Animal movement is multidimensional and complex, and to understand the motor system of wild animals in the context of their natural ecology, we must analyse how suites of performance traits both mutualistically and antagonistically affect function—a necessity highlighted by previous work on performance trade‐offs.

Evidence from some studies of human athletes using multidimensional analyses of performance suggests that overall quality among individuals can mask functional trade‐offs within them, yet no studies have tested this idea using wild animals. In this study, we investigated the possible mutualistic and antagonistic associations among eight different whole‐animal performance traits in male and female northern quolls (Dasyurus hallucatus).

We detected trade‐offs between pairs of performance traits when conducted on raw standardized data using both Pearson product moment correlations and partial correlation analyses. For example, grasp strength was negatively associated with beam‐running speed using both analyses, suggesting that morphological designs that enhance grasp strength simultaneously compromise an animal's motor control or stability on a narrow beam.

In addition, we detected a trade‐off between two distinct sets of performance traits; grasp strength, bite force and maximum oxygen consumption were negatively associated with jump acceleration and beam‐running speed. This trade‐off between sets of performance traits accounted for around one‐third of the total variance in performance among individuals and was primarily driven by the effects of body size on both groups of traits. Larger body sizes improved grasp strength, bite forces and maximum oxygen consumption rates but decreased jump accelerations and beam‐running speeds.

Because the first component of a principal component analysis based on all eight performance traits (PCP1) did not load in the same direction for all traits, PCP1 did not represent an overall metric of motor performance—which differs from previous multivariate analyses of human physical performance. Our study highlights the importance of studying suites of traits when exploring the functional phenotype of organisms rather than just one or two dimensions of performance.

A plain language summary is available for this article.
Cyclic population dynamics and density‐dependent intransitivity as pathways to coexistence between co‐occurring annual plants
Authors: Stouffer Daniel B. , Wainwright Claire E. , Flanagan Thomas , Mayfield Margaret M. 
Published: April 2018

Abstract

Recent studies have brought renewed attention to the importance of complex species interactions—notably intransitive interactions—to patterns of plant community diversity. One underappreciated avenue through which intransitivity can occur is through cyclic population dynamics. Although such cyclic intransitive relationships have been extensively studied in predator–prey systems, evidence of their importance in competitive communities, notably plant communities, is more limited. Most studies of coexistence in plant communities assume fixed‐point coexistence even while utilising models that allow for cyclic population dynamics.

In this paper, we explore the potential for density‐dependent, cyclic population dynamics and intransitivity in a model for annual plants. We then examine how these density‐dependent cycles impact mutual invasibility and ultimately stable coexistence between plant species pairs. We do this using data collected from four co‐occurring annual plant species living in natural wildflower communities in SW Western Australia. To maximise the number of biologically plausible pathways by which coexistence mediated by density‐dependent cyclic intransitivity can occur, we use an annual plant model that allows for competitive direct interactions, facilitative direct interactions and higher‐order interactions between species.

Results from our empirically parameterised model suggest that monocultures of all four focal species can have cyclic solutions with periodicity <1 under sunny (“open”) or shaded field conditions. Cyclic patterns drive variation in annual abundance patterns, with stable solutions for persistent monocultures and invasibility potential (the capacity of one population to invade another) common. Mutual invasibility in the face of cyclic population dynamics was found for just one of six species pairs, only under open environmental conditions. Our results illustrate the potential for cyclic intransitivity to both drive and prevent stable coexistence in environmentally heterogeneous biological communities.

Synthesis. We provide analytical and empirical evidence that coexistence in competitive communities (annual plants) can be achieved under non‐equilibrium circumstances, through density‐dependent cyclic intransitivity. Our results suggest that cyclic population dynamics may be common and important for coexistence dynamics in some types of communities. In such communities, the exploration of stable coexistence should, therefore, include consideration of cyclic as well as fixed‐point equilibria for maximal accuracy.
Research Study on an Applied Interdisciplinary Product Development Course for College Sophomores
Authors: Condrasky Margaret D. , Weeks McCay Alexa , Darby Duncan , Sharp Julia L. , Griffin Sarah F. 
Published: April 2018

AbstractThis research compares the industry readiness, product development skill level, and overall knowledge gains of students taking an undergraduate research course (treatment) to those who did not (control). This 2‐semester Applied Interdisciplinary Product Development (AIPD) course for sophomores brought together interdisciplinary teams of food science, nutrition, and packaging science students in a hands‐on setting to create healthy food products for children, complete with retail packaging. A Subject Knowledge Assessment (SKA) was used to evaluate the mean percent difference value (MPDV) of food science, nutrition, packaging science, and general product development knowledge gained through the course. SKA results indicated that the MPDV were significantly different (α = 0.05) between the treatment and comparison groups in the overall score and in every subject area score except packaging science. Data from an Exit Questionnaire (EQ) was used for evaluation of attitudes pertaining to product development knowledge and skills, department engagement, and pedagogy. EQ results indicated that mean scores between the treatment and comparison groups were significantly different (α = 0.05) in 7 of the 9 statements on product development knowledge and skills, both statements pertaining to pedagogy, and the statement pertaining to department engagement. Overall, the research project was considered a successful intervention for educating sophomores at the University. Overall, the research project was considered a successful intervention for educating sophomores in the Food, Nutrition and Packaging Science department at Clemson University. The student‐lead teams were held to a greater degree of accountability for their success in terms of education gleaned and value of experience gained as metric for the University and other IFT Accredited programs.
Systematic Review of Methods to Determine the Cost‐Effectiveness of Monitoring Plans for Chemical and Biological Hazards in the Life Sciences
Authors: Focker M. (Marlous) , van der Fels‐Klerx H.J. (Ine) , Oude Lansink A.G.J.M (Alfons) 
Published: April 2018

AbstractThis study reviews the methods used to determine the cost‐effectiveness of monitoring plans for hazards in animals (diseases), plants (pests), soil, water, food, and animal feed, and assesses their applicability to food safety hazards. The review describes the strengths and weaknesses of each method, provides examples of different applications, and concludes with comments about their applicability to food safety. A systematic literature search identified publications assessing the cost‐effectiveness of monitoring plans in the life sciences. Publications were classified into 4 groups depending on their subject: food safety, environmental hazards, animal diseases, or pests. Publications were reviewed according to the type of model and input data used, and the types of costs included. Three types of models were used: statistical models, simulation models, and optimization models. Input data were either experimental, historical, or simulated data. Publications differed according to the costs included. More than half the publications only included monitoring costs, whereas other publications included monitoring and management costs, or all costs and benefits. Only a few publications were found in the food safety category and all were relatively recent studies. This suggests that cost‐effectiveness analysis of monitoring strategies in food safety is just starting and more research is needed to improve the cost‐effectiveness of monitoring hazards in foods.