bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The power of English
Authors: Šinkūnienė Jolanta 
Published: November 2018

Abstract
The use of I and we in research writing has been acknowledged as one of the most
powerful means to mark author stance, however there are substantial differences in personal pronoun preferences
depending on the disciplinary and cultural background of the writer. This chapter investigates the use of personal
pronouns in linguistic research articles written by Lithuanian scholars in English and in Lithuanian, and by British English speakers in English. The results suggest that most Lithuanian scholars choose a more explicit author
stance expression when they write in English, even though the frequencies and some functions of I and
we in the English speakers’ texts tend to be different from those in the Lithuanian
scholars’ articles.
Hybrid rhetorical structure in English Sociology research article abstracts
Authors: Lorés-Sanz Rosa 
Published: November 2018

Abstract
Research article abstracts play a significant role in our globalised scientific world, where findings are disseminated
in English. This study aims to identify and analyse the rhetorical patterns which characterise English abstracts in
Sociology, a discipline traditionally dominated by Anglophone writers. Three corpora will be explored and contrasted:
abstracts written in English as L1, in English as a Lingua Franca (ELF), and English abstracts translated from
Spanish. Thirty texts will be analysed in each case. Features such as the frequency of moves and phraseology
indicating rhetorical structure may illustrate the general level of hybridity that academic texts in English show
internationally and can be interpreted as “innovative patterns of use”, as described in ELF literature (Jenkins, Cogo, & Dewey, 2011).
Epistemic stance and authorial presence in scientific research writing
Authors: Wang Jingjing , Jiang Feng (Kevin) 
Published: November 2018

Abstract
In this study, we investigate hedges, boosters and self-mentions as main expressions of epistemic positioning and how
much they are projected by explicit authorial presence in the research writings by Chinese PhD students and expert
writers across four science disciplines. Results show that PhD science students used considerably more hedges,
boosters and self-mentions than journal article writers. They exhibit an obvious preference for certain epistemic
resources and an avoidance to hedge or boost their/others’ claims in their academic writings. The results are
discussed with regard to different cultures, disciplines and writer groups, and pedagogical implications on L2
research writing instructions are also raised at the end of the chapter.
Exploring ELF manuscripts
Authors: Mur-Dueñas Pilar 
Published: November 2018

Abstract
A great deal of academic knowledge is produced in English by and for peers from different linguacultural backgrounds.
It is the aim of this paper to study written scholarly English as a Lingua Franca (ELF) communication, focusing
specifically on a lexico-grammatical structure, the anticipatory it pattern, fulfilling an
interpersonal (attitudinal and epistemic) function. Its use in the Sci-ELF corpus (University of Helsinki, Finland),
will be compared to its use in a corpus of ENL RAs of the SERAC (Universidad de Zaragoza, Spain). The analysis focuses
on its overall frequency of use, and that of its subpatterns, the functions (attitudinal, hedging, boosting), and the
lexical choices made. The analysis will contribute to a much needed description of written academic ELF discourse.
What is negative in Haitian Creole? Negative Concord Items, sentential, constituent and expletive negation
Authors: Déprez Viviane 
Published: November 2018

Abstract
Negative sentences in Creole languages, provocatively claimed to be the world ‘simplest languages’ (Mc Whorter 2001), commonly present a puzzling multiplicity of redundant negative expressions with a single negative interpretation that appear to systematically violate logical compositionality. An intriguing solution to this puzzle proposes that, contrary to appearances, negation is entirely abstract in Creoles, i.e. solely represented by a phonologically null operator dubbed NEG (Homer 2013; Zeijlstra 2004 and following) and has, de facto, no actual direct morpho-phonological exponent. On this, view, not only expressions like pèsonn `nobody’ or anyen `nothing’ are not negative, but neither is the morpheme pa. Revisiting Haitian Creole negative dependencies on the basis of novel data drawn from a corpus of Haitian writings and internet data, this paper critically reviews this approach, showing that it makes a number of incorrect predictions, both with respect to the distribution of Negative Concord items (NCIs) as well as with the morpheme pa, especially on its so called ‘expletive negation’ use, which is investigated here for the first time. The paper argues for a less radical solution that brings Haitian negative dependencies in line with other classic NPI dependencies, claiming that Haitian NCIs are in fact strong NPIs that can be licensed by sentential negation under reconstruction. The puzzle, hence, receives a different solution, keeping with the idea that NCI are non-negative expressions, but also with the more concrete view that pa is the core negation morpheme in Haitian.
A lexicalist account of negation and negative concord in Mauritian
Authors: Henri Fabiola 
Published: November 2018

Abstract
This paper provides a descriptive and theoretical account of negation and negative concord in Mauritian within a constraint-based framework. It is argued that sentential negation is canonically preverbal but appears postverbally with neg-raising verbs, and that only the former participates in negative concord. Mauritian is moreover identified as a strict concord language notwithstanding the particular behavior of the NCI zame, which can appear without pa in preverbal positions. The idiosyncrasies of both NCIs and sentential negation in Mauritian are formalized by exploiting a lexicalist account within the SBCG framework.
Licensing negation and negative concord in Atlantic Creoles
Authors: Prescod Paula 
Published: November 2018

Abstract
This chapter examines the distribution of a selection of negative dependent indefinites in Atlantic Creoles in general and Vincentian in particular and their syntactic behavior in the presence of sentential negation. It is posited here that the syntactic behavior of indefinites can be partially accounted for under the negative-first principle (Jespersen 1917: 5; Horn 1989: 73). The negative concord phenomenon is also governed by the same principle. With specific reference to Vincentian, it is shown, however, that the negative-first principle needs to be expanded to embrace an analysis supporting two underlying principles. Firstly, there should be one negative concord item (NCI) per clause and secondly, an NCI like nobadi ‘nobody’ can only have scope over the clause if it is in a prominent syntactic position within the verb phrase, i.e. immediately following the verb.
Negation and negative concord in Guinea-Bissau Kriyol (in comparison with Portuguese, substrate-adstrate languages and other Portuguese Creoles)
Authors: Kihm Alain 
Published: November 2018

Abstract
Unlike its Portuguese source, Guinea-Bissau Kriyol is a strict negative concord (NC) language, meaning that everything that can be negative in a negative sentence must be negative: cf. Ningin ka bindi nada {nobody neg sell nothing} ‘Nobody sold anything’. Portuguese, in contrast, is a partial NC language: NC only obtains if no negative word precedes the negator: cf. O João não vendeu nada {the John neg sold nothing} ‘John didn’t sell anything’ vs. Ninguém vendeu nada {nobody sold nothing} ‘Nobody sold anything’.
The present article attempts to account for this difference. First, it shows it cannot be directly ascribed to the influence of the languages Kriyol is mostly in contact with (Mandinka, Manjaku, Wolof) as they have anti-NC grammars in which generic nouns meaning ‘person’ or ‘thing’ are used in negative contexts with the meaning of negative polarity items such as anybody and anything. The transition from partial to strict NC is therefore likely to be an internal process, the main cause of which is identified as a change in the lexical category of the negator. Whereas Portuguese não is an adverb, Kriyol ka is a polarity marker belonging to the verbal complex along with TMA markers. (This is where contact languages may have interfered.) Formalizing the data in a linear syntax framework allows one to show how such a lexical difference will result in the observed syntactic difference, as well as to propose a few tentative generalizations about the possible occurrence of partial NC as a type, next to the more widespread strict NC (Kriyol), no-NC (Standard English), and anti-NC (Mandinka).
Negation in Palenquero
Authors: Schwegler Armin 
Published: November 2018

Abstract
This study offers an up-to-date (synchronic) overview of Palenquero predicate negation, and seeks to explain how and why it has recently begun to undergo change, especially among the younger generations. Earlier descriptions (e.g., Dieck 2000, 2002, Schwegler 1991a, 1996a) revealed that Palenquero features a complex variable system in which the negative marker nu ‘not’ can be placed either before or after the verb, or both (embracing negation), as in: (1) nu + VERB, (2) nu + VERB + nu, and (3) VERB + nu. Scholars have been in general agreement that all three strategies express the same propositional content, but there has been dispute as to underlying causes for the variable selection between these strategies. Sections 1 and 2 of this article provide a fresh look at the issue, and defend the hypothesis (pace Schwegler 1991a but contra Dieck 2000, 2002) that subtle contextually-derived conditions rather than morphosyntactic considerations best explain the selection and felicity of a given negation strategy. This discussion in turn will help explain certain aspects of negative concord, including the behavior of Spanish-derived negative polarity items like Pal. nunka ‘never’, tampoko ‘(n)either’, and so forth.
The individual and the group from a corpus perspective
Authors: Barlow Michael 
Published: November 2018

Abstract
The connection between the individual and the group has been a recurring issue since the earliest investigations into the nature of language. The contribution made here is to provide some empirical data on individual differences in the production of phrases and constructions. For this purpose, we examine some aspects of the speech of five White House press secretaries. The results show that individual speakers reuse favoured constructions and routines, leading to a clear disparity in the frequency of common lexical and grammatical patterns among the different press secretaries. Investigating the extent of idiolectal variation provides a baseline for assessing corpus results based on aggregate data and for understanding the connection between the individual and the group.
Epistemic must in an English-Swedish contrastive perspective
Authors: Aijmer Karin 
Published: November 2018

Abstract

Must in English and måste in Swedish do not mean quite the same thing and they have different formal and functional properties as can be shown from a translation perspective. They occur for example with different frequencies in the two languages. Must is mainly epistemic while the deontic meaning predominates with måste. Several factors play a role for the semantic-pragmatic function of must such as the degree of speaker certainty and the type and source of evidence. It is shown that must is used both to express the speaker’s stance and with hearer-appeal in situations where the hearer is assumed to know more than the speaker. Måste is closely associated with certainty and with inferential meaning.
Translating fictional characters – Alice and the Queen from the Wonderland in English and Czech
Authors: Čermáková Anna , Mahlberg Michaela 
Published: November 2018

Abstract
In this chapter, we propose a novel theoretical framework for the literary translation of fictional characters. This framework develops the cognitive corpus linguistic notion of mind-modelling to account for process-, product- and function-oriented aspects of literary translation. We use the examples of Alice and the Queen from Alice’s Adventures in Wonderland to compare character cues across the English original and a Czech translation. The character cues we focus on are reporting verbs. Reporting verbs, as part of the presentation of fictional speech, form a central component of narrative fiction and so provide an ideal evidential basis for our theoretical framework. The translation shifts we found through our comparison of source and target text specifically include gendered uses of reporting verbs. By approaching the target text as both a translation and a reading of the text in its own right we are able to view translation shifts as a reflection of shifts in the mind-modelling of fictional characters.
Evaluation of palm oil supply chain’s performance, added value, and performance improvement: A case study at X Co.
Authors: Marimin  , Safriyana  
Published: November 2018

Abstract
In palm oil supply chain, when the productivity and export market are being increased, usually the negative impacts to sustainability issues (economic, social, and environmental aspects) will arise. It also has direct impacts to supply chain itself, so it required to recognize the supply chain performance position. The objectives of this research were to evaluate performance, added value, and develop sustainability improvement strategies to increase performance of palm oil supply chain at X Co. Palm oil supply chain’s performance measurement was obtained by SCOR (Supply Chain Operations Reference) approach. It showed the performance level of plantation was above average (91.24%) and manufacture was at average (86.19%). Added value ratio was measured by using modified Hayami method. It showedthat the added valued of plantation and manufacture were 21.86% and 37.55% respectively. ANP (Analytical Network Process) method with BOCR (benefit, opportunity, cost, and risk) analysis was used in selecting sustainability improvement strategies to increase performance of palm oil supply chain, the weighting results showed that production plan’s improvement was the highest.
Development of food security applying women’s entrepreneurship in South Sulawesi
Authors: Idayanti  , Rejeki S 
Published: November 2018

Abstract
Food is a basic human need that is most essential. Food security is very important and strategic. One of the efforts of the government to realize food security is by diversification of food is the effort to provide and consume non-rice food with a diverse and varied menu. As one of the national food granaries, the government of South Sulawesi realize the diversification of food by cooperating with the community through large industries and household industries In the small industry or women’s household industries that have a role in food processing starting from the preparation of raw materials, production process and sales. The method used in this paper is the method of Literature Studies. The study of literature is the solving of problems by tracing the sources of writing ever made before. The analysis of this paper is that food security in South Sulawesi is very closely related to economic stability and one of the strategies developed by the government is by product diversification. Agroindustrial diversification products become an opportunity for small industry women to be employed for them. This gets a positive response from the Government in South Sulawesi with the active participation of the government to participate and facilitate the entrepreneurship of women in South Sulawesi. In addition, food diversification is needed as one of the pillars for the stabilization of food security in South Sulawesi province because food diversification can contribute in increasing the production capacity of food and improvement of people’s income in South Sulawesi.
Incorporating Co‐Benefits and Environmental Data into Corporate Decision‐Making
Authors: Guertin France , Polzin Thomas , Rogers Martha , Witt Betsy 
Published: November 2018

AbstractThis case study deals with The Dow Chemical Company's (Dow) and the City of Midland, Michigan's decisions on how to restore two adjacent pieces of property. Dow aimed to restore a greenbelt area with historical issues, and the City of Midland aimed to restore a brownfield property that bordered Dow's greenbelt area. Dow has a stated goal to apply a “business‐decision process that values nature” and to deliver $1 billion in “value through projects that are good for business and good for ecosystems.” The City of Midland has developed a 20‐year Master Plan that includes goals for Midland to connect and maintain open spaces. In line with these goals, Dow and the City of Midland wanted to restore the greenbelt area and brownfield property by enhancing habitat and ecosystem services in a way that was also beneficial to Dow's bottom line and the residents of Midland, respectively. This case study presents three alternative restoration designs along with detailed financial cost and environmental data for each design. Students perform a cost‐benefit analysis, highlighting potential differences between how costs are calculated in a public setting relative to a private setting. In addition, students assess how the inclusion of important non‐financial environmental data may be used to inform decision making.
The Effects of COMT Polymorphism on Cortical Thickness and Surface Area Abnormalities in Children with ADHD
Authors: Jung Minyoung , Mizuno Yoshifumi , Fujisawa Takashi X , Takiguchi Shinichiro , Kong Jian , Kosaka Hirotaka , Tomoda Akemi 
Published: November 2018

Abstract
The catechol-O-methyltransferase (COMT) gene is associated with frontal cortex development and the pathophysiology of attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD). However, how the COMT gene impacts brain structure and behavior in ADHD remains unknown. In the present study, we identify the effect of COMT on cortical thickness and surface area in children with ADHD and children with typically developing (TD) using a machine learning approach. In a sample of 39 children with ADHD and 34 age- and IQ-matched TD children, we found that cortical thickness and surface area differences were predominantly observed in the frontal cortex. Furthermore, a path analysis revealed that a COMT genotype affected abnormal development of the frontal cortex in terms of both cortical thickness and surface area and was associated with working memory changes in children with ADHD. Our study confirms that the role of COMT in ADHD is not restricted to the development of behavior but may also affect the cortical thickness and surface area. Thus, our findings may help to improve the understanding of the neuroanatomic basis for the relationship between the COMT genotype and ADHD pathogenesis.
Impact of procedural characteristics on coronary vessel wall healing following implantation of second-generation drug-eluting absorbable metal scaffold in patients with de novo coronary artery lesions: an optical coherence tomography analysis
Authors: Ozaki Yuichi , Garcia-Garcia Hector M , Hideo-Kajita Alexandre , Kuku Kayode O , Haude Michael , Ince Hüseyin , Abizaid Alexandre , Tölg Ralph , Lemos Pedro Alves , von Birgelen Clemens , Christiansen Evald Høj , Wijns William , Escaned Javier , Dijkstra Jouke , Waksman Ron 
Published: November 2018

Abstract

Aims
Second-generation drug-eluting absorbable metal scaffold (DREAMS 2G) is an alternative novel device for treating coronary lesions. However, the relationship between in-scaffold dimensions after implantation of DREAMS 2G and vessel healing and luminal results at follow-up is unknown. The aim of this study is, therefore, to investigate whether the expansion index after implantation of DREAMS 2G as assessed by optical coherence tomography (OCT) impacts late luminal status and healing of the vessel wall.

Methods and results
This study comprises of a total 65 out of 123 patients who were enrolled in the BIOSOLVE-II trial. We assessed both qualitative and quantitative OCT findings and the expansion index of DREAMS 2G after implantation frame by frame using OCT. Expansion index was defined as minimum scaffold area/mean reference lumen area. The over-expansion group was also defined with expansion index >1.0. The total number of analysed frames at post-procedure and 6-month follow-up was 8243 and 8263 frames, respectively. At 6-month follow-up, in-scaffold healing was documented by the reduction of 82% in dissections, 93% in attached intra-luminal mass (ILM), 65% in non-attached ILM, and 76% in jailed side branch. The over-expansion group had significantly greater in-scaffold luminal volume loss (LVL) compared with the non-over-expansion group [over-expansion: 35.0 (18.5–52.1) mm3 vs. non-over-expansion: 21.0 (11.6–37.9) mm3, P = 0.039].

Conclusion
Excellent in vivo healing process after implantation of DREAMS 2G was observed at 6 months. We found that higher expansion indices were associated with higher in-scaffold LVL at 6 months assessed by OCT.
Efficacy and safety of reduced-dose non-vitamin K antagonist oral anticoagulants in patients with atrial fibrillation: a meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials
Authors: Wang Kang-Ling , Lopes Renato D , Patel Manesh R , Büller Harry R , Tan Doreen Su-Yin , Chiang Chern-En , Giugliano Robert P 
Published: November 2018

Abstract

Aims
Non-vitamin K antagonist oral anticoagulants (NOACs) require dose reductions according to patient or clinical factors for patients with atrial fibrillation (AF). In this meta-analysis, we aimed to assess outcomes with reduced-dose NOACs when given as pre-specified in pivotal trials.

Methods and results
Aggregated data abstracted from Phase III trials comparing NOACs with warfarin in patients with AF were assessed by treatment using risk ratios (RRs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) stratified by patient eligibility for NOAC dose reduction. Irrespective of treatments, annualized rates of stroke or systemic embolism and major bleeding were higher in patients eligible for reduced-dose NOACs than in those eligible for full-dose NOACs (2.70% vs. 1.60% and 4.35% vs. 2.87%, respectively). Effects of reduced-dose NOACs compared with warfarin in patients eligible for reduced-dose NOACs on stroke or systemic embolism [RR 0.84 (95% CI 0.69–1.03)] and on major bleeding [RR 0.70 (95% CI 0.50–0.97)] were consistent with those of full-dose NOACs relative to warfarin in those eligible for full-dose NOACs [RR 0.86 (95% CI 0.77–0.96) for stroke or systemic embolism and RR 0.87 (95% CI 0.70–1.08) for major bleeding; interaction P, 0.89 and 0.26, respectively]. In addition, NOACs were associated with reduced risks of haemorrhagic stroke, intracranial haemorrhage, fatal bleeding, and death regardless of patient eligibility for NOAC dose reduction (interaction P &gt; 0.05 for each).

Conclusions
Patients eligible for reduced-dose NOACs were at elevated risk of thromboembolic and haemorrhagic complications when treated with anticoagulants. NOACs, when appropriately dose-adjusted, had an improved benefit-harm profile compared with warfarin. Our findings highlight the importance of prescribing reduced-dose NOACs for indicated patient populations.
Saving killer whale populations from a global collapse: rebuttal against Desforges et al. (2018)
Authors: Witting Lars 
Published: November 2018

AbstractIn their Science paper, Desforges et al. (2018) address PCB pollution in killer whales, predicting a decline in calf survival and an associated collapse of killer whale populations worldwide. I refute the collapse, showing that it follows from a flawed model parametrisation. The result is not questioning contamination problems in killer whales, but only the bold prediction of global collapse.