bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Do childhood cancer and physical late effects increase worries about future employment in adulthood?
Authors: Soejima Takafumi , Sato Iori , Takita Junko , Koh Katsuyoshi , Kaneko Takashi , Inada Hiroko , Ozono Shuichi , Kamibeppu Kiyoko 
Published: April 2019

AbstractBackgroundExperiences of childhood cancer and physical late effects can potentially increase various components of worries about employment among unemployed adult survivors of childhood cancer, but the nature of these effects on worries is unknown.AimsThis study aimed to describe worries about employment among unemployed adult survivors of childhood cancer through a comparison with those among the unemployed general population and to clarify the components of worries about employment affected by physical late effects.Method and resultsWorries about employment were assessed using nine items in the International Survey of Youth Attitude conducted by the Japanese Cabinet Office. Physical late effects among unemployed survivors were evaluated by their attending physicians. Data from the unemployed general population were extracted from the International Survey of Youth Attitude. We used propensity score and multiple regression analysis to estimate the impact of childhood cancer and physical late effects on worries about employment. We surveyed 48 unemployed survivors and 286 members of the unemployed general population. Unemployed survivors reported significantly higher score of worries about health and physical well‐being than did the unemployed general population (Cohen's f2 = 0.007). Meanwhile, unemployed survivors reported significantly lower scores of worries about work ability, interpersonal relationships at workplaces, age until which they can work, layoffs, income, job transfers, and possibility and continuity of employment than did the unemployed general population (Cohen's f2 = 0.002‐0.018). Unemployed survivors with physical late effects reported significantly higher scores on all components of worries about employment than did those without physical late effects (Cohen's f2 = 0.137‐1.304).ConclusionPhysical late effects rather than experiences of childhood cancer have large impacts on various worries about employment among unemployed survivors. It would be valuable to understand and assess systematically the impact of physical late effects on employment in unemployed survivors.
The Influence of Renal or Hepatic Impairment on the Pharmacokinetics, Safety, and Tolerability of Naldemedine
Authors: Fukumura Kazuya , Yamada Tadaaki , Yokota Takaaki , Kawasaki Akira 
Published: April 2019

AbstractNaldemedine is a peripherally acting μ‐opioid‐receptor antagonist for the treatment of opioid‐induced constipation. Two phase 1 single‐dose studies investigated the pharmacokinetics and safety of a 0.2‐mg oral dose of naldemedine in subjects with renal impairment (mild, n = 9; moderate, n = 9; severe, n = 6; and end‐stage renal disease, n = 8) or hepatic impairment (mild or moderate, n = 8 each) and demographically matched healthy subjects with normal renal and hepatic function (n = 8, both studies). Pharmacokinetic assessments indicate that dose adjustments for naldemedine are not necessary for subjects with any degree of renal impairment or for subjects with mild or moderate hepatic impairment. In subjects with renal impairment compared with healthy subjects with normal renal function, the geometric mean ratios of naldemedine area under the concentration‐time curve (AUC0‐inf) ranged from 82.8% (90%CI 69.5% to 98.6%) to 137.8% (90%CI 114.0% to 166.5%). Renal clearance decreased with reduced renal function (normal function 1.3 L/h; mild impairment 1.1 L/h; moderate impairment 1.0 L/h; severe impairment 0.5 L/h), and only 2.7% of naldemedine was removed by hemodialysis. In subjects with hepatic impairment compared with healthy subjects with normal hepatic function, the geometric mean ratio of AUC0‐inf ranged from 82.8% (90%CI 65.7% to 104.5%) to 105.2% (90%CI 83.4% to 132.6%). Naldemedine was well tolerated in both healthy subjects and subjects with renal or hepatic impairment, and reported adverse events were generally consistent with the known safety profile.
Submarine: A subscription‐based data streaming framework for integrating large facilities and advanced cyberinfrastructure
Authors: Zamani Ali Reza , AbdelBaky Moustafa , Balouek‐Thomert Daniel , Villalobos J. J. , Rodero Ivan , Parashar Manish 
Published: April 2019

SummaryLarge scientific facilities provide researchers with instrumentation, data, and data products that can accelerate scientific discovery. However, increasing data volumes coupled with limited local computational power prevents researchers from taking full advantage of what these facilities can offer. Many researchers looked into using commercial and academic cyberinfrastructure (CI) to process these data. Nevertheless, there remains a disconnect between large facilities and CI that requires researchers to be actively part of the data processing cycle. The increasing complexity of CI and data scale necessitates new data delivery models, those that can autonomously integrate large‐scale scientific facilities and CI to deliver real‐time data and insights. In this paper, we present our initial efforts using the Ocean Observatories Initiative project as a use case. In particular, we present a subscription‐based data streaming service for data delivery that leverages the Apache Kafka data streaming platform. We also show how our solution can automatically integrate large‐scale facilities with CI services for automated data processing.
Detection and classification of normal and abnormal patterns in mammograms using deep neural network
Authors: Suresh R. , Rao A. Nagaraja , Reddy B. Eswara 
Published: April 2019

SummaryBreast cancer detection is the most challenging aspect in the field of health monitoring system. In this paper, breast cancer detection was assessed by employing Mammographic Image Analysis Society (MIAS) dataset. The proposed approach contains four major steps, namely, image‐preprocessing, segmentation, feature extraction, and classification. Initially, Laplacian filtering was utilized to identify the area of edges in mammogram images and, also, it was very sensitive to noise. Then, segmentation was carried‐out using modified‐Adaptively Regularized Kernel‐based Fuzzy‐C‐Means (ARKFCM); it was a flexible high level machine learning technique to localize the object in complex template. In conventional ARKFCM, it was hard to segment the ill‐defined masses in mammogram images. To address this concern, the Euclidean distance in ARKFCM was replaced by correlation function in order to improve the segmentation efficiency. The hybrid feature extraction (Histogram of Oriented Gradients (HOG), homogeneity, and energy) was performed on the segmented cancer region to extract feature subsets. The respective feature values were given as the input for a multi‐objective classifier: Deep Neural Network (DNN) for classifying the normal and abnormal regions in mammogram images. The experimental outcome shows that the proposed methodology improved accuracy in breast cancer classification up to 3% to 9% compared to other existing methods.
Substituent Effect Transmission Power of Alkyl, Alkenyl, Alkynyl, Phenyl, Thiophenyl, and Polyacene Spacers
Authors: Divya Velayudhan V. , Sayyed Fareed Bhasha , Suresh Cherumuttathu H. 
Published: April 2019

AbstractThe transmission of substituent effect through a variety of spacers, that is to say, alkyl, alkenyl, alkynyl, phenyl, thiophenyl, and polyacene has been studied by modeling Y‐G‐X type molecular systems (Y: reaction center; G: spacer moiety; X: substituent) using B3LYP/6‐31G(d,p) density functional theory calculations. The reaction center is always kept as a C=C double bond and the molecular electrostatic potential (MESP) minimum (Vmin) observed for this bond showed subtle variation with respect to the changes in the spacer unit and the nature of substituent. Strong linear correlations are observed between Hammett substituent constants (σI and σp) and Vmin, which recommend the aptness of Vmin as an electronic descriptor to quantify the substituent effect. Since Vmin offers an alternative measure of substituent effect, the correlation between Vmin and σp has been used for assessing the transmission of substituent effect through a variety of spacer moieties. The highest transmission coefficient (γ) is always observed for smaller spacer length. Among all the spacers, alkenyl showed the highest and alkyl showed the lowest transmission power. The study recommends the use of short chains of C=C double, C≡C triple or a combination of both as spacers for the effective transmission of substituent effect to the reaction center.
Observation of Photoelectron Circular Dichroism Using a Nanosecond Laser
Authors: Kastner Alexander , Ring Tom , Braun Hendrike , Senftleben Arne , Baumert Thomas 
Published: April 2019

AbstractPhotoelectron circular dichroism (PECD) is a fascinating phenomenon both from a fundamental science aspect but also due to its emerging role as a highly sensitive analytic tool for chiral recognition in the gas phase. PECD has been studied with single‐photon as well as multi‐photon ionization. The latter has been investigated in the short pulse limit with femtosecond laser pulses, where ionization can be thought of as an instantaneous process. In this contribution, we demonstrate that multi‐photon PECD still can be observed when using an ultra‐violet nanosecond pulse to ionize chiral showcase fenchone molecules. Compared to femtosecond ionization, the magnitude of PECD is similar, but the lifetime of intermediate molecular states imprints itself in the photoelectron spectra. Being able to use an industrial nanosecond laser to investigate PECD furthermore reduces the technical requirements to apply PECD in analytical chemistry.
Single Antibody Detection of T‐Cell Receptor αβ Clonality by Flow Cytometry Rapidly Identifies Mature T‐Cell Neoplasms and Monotypic Small CD8‐Positive Subsets of Uncertain Significance
Authors: Shi Min , Jevremovic Dragan , Otteson Gregory E. , Timm Michael M. , Olteanu Horatiu , Horna Pedro 
Published: April 2019

BackgroundThe diagnosis of T‐cell neoplasms is often challenging, due to overlapping features with reactive T‐cells and limitations of currently available T‐cell clonality assays. The description of an antibody specific for one of two mutually exclusive T‐cell receptor (TCR) β‐chain constant regions (TRBC1) provide an opportunity to facilitate the detection of clonal TCRαβ T‐cells based on TRBC‐restriction.MethodsTwenty patients with mature T‐cell neoplasms and 44 patients without evidence of T‐cell neoplasia were studied. Peripheral blood (51), bone marrow (10), and lymph node (3) specimens were evaluated by 9‐color flow cytometry including TRBC1 (CD2/CD3/CD4/CD5/CD7/CD8/CD45/TCRγδ/TRBC1 and/or CD2/CD3/CD4/CD5/CD7/CD8/CD26/CD45/TRBC1). Monophasic TRBC1 expression on any immunophenotypically distinct CD4‐positive or CD8‐positive/TCRγδ‐negative T‐cell subset was considered indicative of clonality.ResultsMonophasic (clonal) TRBC1 expression was identified on immunophenotypically abnormal T‐cells from all 20 patients with T‐cell malignancies (100% sensitivity), including 17 cases with either >97% or <3% TRBC1‐positive events, and three cases with monophasic homogenous TRBC1‐dim expression. All immunophenotypically distinct CD4‐positive and CD8‐positive/TCRγδ‐negative T‐cell subsets from 44 patients without T‐cell malignancies showed the expected mixture of TRBC1‐positive and TRBC‐1‐negative subpopulations (non‐clonal), except for seven patients (16%) with very small CD8‐positive T‐cell subsets exhibiting a monophasic (clonal) pattern.ConclusionInclusion of a single anti‐TRBC1 antibody into a diagnostic T‐cell flow cytometry panel facilitates the rapid identification of T‐cell neoplasms, in addition to small monotypic CD8‐positive subsets of uncertain significance. © 2019 International Clinical Cytometry Society
Robotertechnik für den Mauerwerksbau – Internationaler Status und Überlegungen für den deutschen Markt
Authors: Brehm Eric 
Published: April 2019

AbstractMasonry building is subject to the consequences of societal developments just as much as any other industry. Demographic change and digitalisation in particular will be disruptive and change the industry significantly. While demographic change will mostly generate challenges, digitalisation offers many opportunities, especially for the coping with developments due to demographic change, such as the lack of skilled workers. One of these opportunities is represented by robots for masonry building. This paper provides an overview of the current status of masonry robots and analyses the special requirements for masonry robots in the German market.
Vereinheitlichte Schadensbeschreibung und Risikobewertung von Bauwerken unter extremen Naturgefahren
Authors: Maiwald Holger , Schwarz Jochen 
Published: April 2019

AbstractInternationally different classification schemes are available for the assessment of structural damage due to the different natural hazards. Due to their heterogeneity, these classification schemes are insufficiently suited for the consideration of damage in the sense of a multi hazard approach.A unified system is necessary for the evaluation of the building vulnerability and the damage prognosis due the different natural hazards. The unified system transfers repeatedly observed damage patterns into a scheme of damage grades. With this instrument, the structural damage can be uniformly evaluated and the relationship to the input parameters can be established.Following the concept of the European Macroseismic Scale 1998 (EMS‐98) for earthquake damage, it is distinguished between structural and non‐structural damage to which characteristic damage patterns can be assigned in the form of damage grades.A general classification scheme for building damage is presented, which enables a comparison of the damage due to the individual natural hazards. On the basis of real observed damage cases, the typical damage patterns for the natural hazards flood, tsunami and wind are highlighted and converted into harmonized classification schemes for damage grades.For the first time, a harmonized set of instruments is available for evaluation of damage cases on a building stock as a result of different natural hazards according to criteria standardized in engineering terms. The outlook refers to the damage prognosis due to the different natural hazards and their possible sequences.
Standardisiertes Bauen im Wohnungsbau und wirtschaftliche Bauweisen
Authors: Walberg Dietmar 
Published: April 2019

AbstractBuilding prices and construction costs for housing construction in Germany are growing dynamically. The main cost drivers are still legal, normative and other regulations that are generally drawn up at federal level. However, the trend in building prices also shows that intense building activity is also affecting prices. This trend is also complex: the trend in the groups of trades concerned with carcass work can be categorised between the rate of inflation and increased building prices. The price trend in the whole of technical completion, on the other hand, is disproportionate, and it is these completion trades (heating, ventilation, sanitation and electrical) that are actually driving construction costs. Building materials for primary construction of our residential buildings are also developing at different rates. Masonry falls within the sphere of the general growth rate of prices, while reinforced concrete and wood are much higher. This overall trend shows the finiteness of supposedly simple solutions for accelerating the rate of construction in housing construction. Serial building can only offer a niche solution. Far more intelligent is the use of standardised construction, i.e. repetition of ideal ground plans, development types and standardised buildings that can be adapted to the conditions at each site. Furthermore, it is clear that the use of masonry construction in a multi‐floor residential building is still the most economical type of building to construct in Germany.
Mauerwerks‐ und Wohnungsbau in Deutschland: Status 2019 und Prognose 2021
Authors: Rast Ronald 
Published: April 2019

AbstractAbout 80 % of all products of the masonry industry in Germany are used for new residential building. If products for the refurbishment of masonry buildings are added to this, then over 85 % of all masonry products are used in residential building. Regarding residential building activity, it can be stated that about 73 % of all residential buildings in Germany are of predominantly masonry construction, with a slightly increasing tendency. Table 1 shows the development of market shares of the various construction methods reinforced concrete, masonry and timber over the years 2012 to 2017.
Development and validation of a capillary electrophoresis method applied to the analysis of l‐citrulline in an oral formulation for pediatric use
Authors: Salvo Leandro Javier , Coiana Lorenzo , Dobrecky Cecilia , Tripodi Valeria , Flor Sabrina , Lucangioli Silvia 
Published: April 2019

AbstractA simple and highly sensitive CE–UV method was applied in the determination of l‐ctrulline, which was developed from an oral formulation for pediatric use. The novel method was based on the analysis of l‐citrulline for direct ultraviolet detection at 198 nm. The BGE consisted of 10 mM sodium tetraborate and 50 mM SDS at pH 9, and the electrophoretic parameters were optimized. The method was validated in terms of specificity, linearity, LOD, LOQ, precision, accuracy, and robustness. The LOD and LOQ obtained were 1.36 and 4.54 μg/mL, respectively. In addition, the method offers higher sensitivity and specificity compared with the results obtained from HPLC method using UV‐detectors, in which l‐citrulline needs to be derivatizated. Furthermore, low cost and simplicity of the system allowed the rapid and simple quantitation of l‐citrulline in the oral formulation for quality control and stability indicated method.
Carrier ampholyte‐free free‐flow isoelectric focusing for separation of protein
Authors: Wang Shuai , Zhang Lingyi , Sun Haofan , Chu Zhanying , Chen Haihong , Zhao Yameng , Zhang Weibing 
Published: April 2019

AbstractFree‐flow isoelectric focusing (FFIEF) has the merits of mild separation conditions, high recovery and resolution, but suffers from the issues of ampholytes interference and high cost due to expensive carrier ampholytes. In this paper, a home‐made carrier ampholyte‐free FFIEF system was constructed via orientated migration of H+ and OH− provided by electrode solutions. When applying an electric field, a linear pH gradient from pH 4 to 9 (R2 = 0.994) was automatically formed by the electromigration of protons and hydroxyl ions in the separation chamber. The carrier ampholyte‐free FFIEF system not only avoids interference of ampholyte to detection but also guarantees high separation resolution by establishing stable pH gradient. The separation selectivity was conveniently adjusted by controlling operating voltage and optimizing the composition, concentration and flow rate of the carrier buffer. The constructed system was applied to separation of proteins in egg white, followed by MADLI‐TOF‐MS identification. Three major proteins, ovomucoid, ovalbumin and ovotransferrin, were successfully separated according to their pI values with 15 mmol/L Tris‐acetic acid (pH = 6.5) as carrier buffer at a flow rate of 12.9 mL/min.
Modulation recognition for radar emitter signals based on convolutional neural network and fusion features
Authors: Gao Jingpeng , Shen Liangxi , Gao Lipeng 
Published: April 2019

AbstractWith the increase of radar signal modulations and the emergence of new system radars, the receiver will intercept radar signals at the same time. In order to accurately estimate and suppress the signals, this paper proposes an accurate recognition system for radar emitter signals. The system can effectively separate multiple signals and accurately recognize Binary Phase Shift Keying (BPSK), Linear Frequency Modulation (LFM), Continuous Wave (CW), Costas, Frank code, and P1 to P4 codes. The separation technique based on fractional Fourier transform is proposed to decompose received signals into multiple components. Furthermore, a transferable GoogleNet is explored to achieve accurate recognition of the first component with better separation effect. Meanwhile, variational mode decomposition is developed to eliminate the noise of the second component; then, the fusion features are extracted to improve the recognition rate of the second component. Finally, the improved particle swarm optimization algorithm is proposed to find best support vector machine parameters. The simulation results show that the recognition rate of single signal and double signals can reach 96.23% and 72%, respectively, when signal‐to‐noise ratio is 0 dB. The system can also bring some inspiration to medical and mechanical signal recognition.
Urgent care centre in Sweden—the integration of teams and perceived effects
Authors: Wennman Ingela , Wittholt Malin , Carlström Eric , Carlsson Tobias , Khorram‐Manesh Amir 
Published: April 2019

SummaryAn urgent care centre (UCC) is an upcoming trend in Swedish health care. Although UCCs have been established in other countries, their effectiveness and value have not yet been studied in Sweden. The aim of this study was to investigate the interaction between the UCC and emergency department (ED) by using validated evaluation models.One adult ED (AED) and one child ED (CED), together with a newly established UCC nearby, were included in this study. The interaction between the UCC team and the ED teams was studied by using two evaluation models: one for evaluation of integration and the other one for the evaluation of the effects, in terms of perceived relief of the ED after the establishment of the UCC.It was evident that integration was achieved early on in the course of the follow‐up. However, the perception of integration varied between low (EDs) and high collaboration (UCC). All respondents of the EDs indicated relief, in terms of pace and pressure on the ED since the UCC was established.This study indicates that the grade of integration and collaboration between UCC and ED can be achieved automatically and very early during the establishment. It also shows that UCCs can be a competent complement to EDs and alleviate some of the heavy pressure placed on EDs due to ED overcrowding.