bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Draft Genome Sequence of the Butanoic Acid-Producing Bacterium Clostridium luticellarii DSM 29923, Used for Strong Aromatic Chinese Liquor Production
Authors: Poehlein Anja , Bremekamp Rica , Lutz Veronika Theresa , Schulz Lisa Maria , Daniel Rolf 
Published: May 2018

ABSTRACT

The strictly anaerobic, Gram-positive bacterium
Clostridium luticellarii
, which has straight or slightly curved rod-shaped cells, polar endospores, and peritrichous flagella, is used for the production of strong aromatic Chinese liquors.
C. luticellarii
is able to produce butanoic acid. The draft genome sequence consists of 3.757 Mbp, including 3,632 predicted protein-encoding genes.
Complete Genome Sequence of Sinorhizobium meliloti Bacteriophage HMSP1-Susan
Authors: Fleagle Brennon , Imamovic Aldina , Toledo Silvia , Couves Madison , Jensen Autumn , Vang Mandy , Steevens Ashley , Young Nevin D. , Sadowsky Michael J. , Martinez-Vaz Betsy M. 
Published: May 2018

ABSTRACT

Sinorhiozbium
bacteriophage HMSP1-Susan has a genome of 51,963 bp in size, with a GC content of 52.5%. It contains 97 putative coding sequences; 83% of these coding sequences (CDS) encode proteins classified as hypothetical or having unknown functions. HMSP1 has limited homology to previously reported viruses and likely represents a new phage that infects this nitrogen-fixing bacterium.
Contemporary prostate biopsy reporting: insights from a survey of clinicians’ use of pathology data
Authors: Varma Murali , Narahari Krishna , Mason Malcolm , Oxley Jon D , Berney Daniel M 
Published: May 2018

AimTo determine how clinicians use data in contemporary prostate biopsy reports.MethodsA survey was circulated to members of the British Association of Urological Surgeons and the British Uro-oncology Group.ResultsResponses were received from 114 respondents (88 urologists, 26 oncologists). Ninety-seven (94%) use the number of positive cores from each side and 43 (42%) use the % number of positive cores. When determining the number and percentage of positive cores, 72 (71%) would not differentiate between targeted and non-targeted samples. If multiple Gleason Scores (GS) were included in a report, 77 (78%) would use the worst GS even if present in a core with very little tumour, 12% would use the global GS and 10% the GS in the core most involved by tumour. Fifty-five (55%) either never or rarely used perineural invasion for patient management.ConclusionsThe number of positive cores is an important parameter for patient management but may be difficult to determine in the laboratory due to core fragmentation so the biopsy taker must indicate the number of biopsies obtained. Multiple biopsies taken from a single site are often interpreted by clinicians as separate cores when determining the number of positive cores so pathologists should also report the number ofsitespositive. Clinicians have a non-uniform approach to the interpretation of multiple GS in prostate biopsy reports so we recommend that pathologists also include a single ‘bottom-line’ GS for each case to direct the clinician’s treatment decision.
Emergence of free will and consciousness in humans: implications for doctor-patient interactions
Authors: Welsby Philip D 
Published: May 2018

AbstractHuman brains have about 100 billion neurons each with about 1000 dendritic connections with other neurons giving a total of 100 000 billion deterministic dendritic switches. Various voting systems that the brain may use can produce conflicting results from identical inputs without any indication as to which one or ones would be correct. Voting systems cannot deliver unequivocal results in any other than the simplest situations. It is hypothesised that these conflicting results provide an indeterminacy that underlies free will, self-awareness, awareness of others, consciousness and personal responsibility, all of which can influence doctor-patient interactions.
The evolution of embryonic creek systems in a recently inundated large open coast managed realignment site
Authors: Dale Jonathan , Burgess Heidi M. , Burnside Niall G. , Kilkie Paul , Nash David J. , Cundy Andrew B. 
Published: May 2018

Abstract
Managed realignment (MR) schemes are being implemented to compensate for the degradation of coastal habitats. However, evidence suggests that MR sites have lower biodiversity than anticipated, which has been linked to poor drainage. Despite creek networks playing an important role in enhancing site drainage in natural intertidal environments, there remains a shortage of data on the formation and evolution of creeks within MR sites. This study evaluates creek development at the Medmerry Managed Realignment Site, UK. Creek development is investigated using differential global positioning system (dGPS) data, supported by sedimentological analyses and a high-resolution digital surface model (DSM) derived from images taken using a small unmanned aerial vehicle. Measurements indicated that creeks will develop relatively quickly, but are influenced by differences in the sub-surface sedimentological conditions. A suitable level of agreement was found between the DSM and dGPS measurements, demonstrating the appropriateness of this method to study creek development within intertidal environments at a higher resolution than traditional surveying techniques. These results are used to propose the collapse of sub-surface piping as the primary creek formation mechanism. Findings are discussed in terms of increasing the success of MR schemes and enhancing site design to maximise the ecosystem services provided.
Effects of corn replacement by sorghum in diets on performance, nutrient utilization, blood parameters, antioxidant status, and meat colour stability in lambs
Authors: Sun H.X. , Gao T.S. , Zhong R.Z. , Fang Y. , Di G.L. , Zhou D.W. 
Published: May 2018

The aim of this research was to compare growth performance, nutrient utilization, rumen fermentation, blood parameters, antioxidant status, and meat colour stability of lambs fed diets that partially or completely substituted corn with sorghum. Twenty-four male German merino weaned lambs (16.19 ± 2.05 kg body weight) were divided into four treatments in a completely randomized design. The diets for four treatments contained 450 g kg−1 of ground corn (C), 300 + 150 g kg−1 of ground corn and sorghum (CSM1), 150 + 300 g kg−1 of ground corn and sorghum (CSM2) and 450 g kg−1 ground sorghum (S); all diets consisted of 70% concentrated feed and 30% Leymus chinensis hay. The lambs were fed the experimental diets for 56 d. Inclusion of sorghum tended to increase average daily weight gain and total gain (P = 0.06), and lower feed conversion ratio (P = 0.10). Significant increase in nitrogen (N) intake and fecal N excretion was observed after substitution of corn with sorghum, and the apparent digestibility of crude protein was significantly reduced. Concentrations of ammonia N in rumen fluid were affected by treatment (P = 0.01) and an interaction (P < 0.01) between treatment and sampling time. No significant effects were found on blood parameters among treatments. Replacement of corn with sorghum significantly decreased b* (yellowness) values of meat during storage. Sorghum instead of corn is feasible in lamb diets, and it has positive effects on the lamb growth and meat quality.
Performance simulation of a plasma magnetohydrodynamic power generator
Authors: Huang Hulin , Li Linyong , Zhu Guiping 
Published: May 2018

The performance of magnetohydrodynamic (MHD) power generator is affected by many issues, among which the load coefficient k is of great importance. This paper reveals the relationship between the k and the performance of MHD generator by numerical simulation on Faraday-type MHD power generator using He/Xe as working plasma. The results demonstrate that the power generation efficiency increases with an increment of the load factor. However, the enthalpy extraction firstly increases then decreases with the load factor increasing. The enthalpy extraction rate reaches the maximum when the load coefficient k equals to 0.625, which infers the best performance of the power generator channel with the maximum electricity production.
Association of 25-Hydroxyvitamin D with Liver Cancer Incidence and Chronic Liver Disease Mortality in Finnish Male Smokers of the ATBC Study
Authors: Lai Gabriel Y. , Wang Jian-Bing , Weinstein Stephanie J. , Parisi Dominick , Horst Ronald L. , McGlynn Katherine A. , Männistö Satu , Albanes Demetrius , Freedman Neal D. 
Published: May 2018

Abstract
Background: Although circulating 25-hydroxyvitamin D [25(OH)D] concentrations were linked to liver cancer and chronic liver disease (CLD) in laboratory studies, few epidemiologic studies have addressed the associations.
Methods: Within the Alpha-Tocopherol, Beta-Carotene Cancer Prevention Study, we measured 25(OH)D in baseline serum of 202 incident liver cancer cases and 225 CLD deaths that occurred during nearly 25 years of follow-up, and 427 controls. ORs and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were estimated using unconditional logistic regression. We examined predetermined clinically defined cut-points, and season-specific and season-standardized quartiles.
Results: Low serum 25(OH)D concentrations were associated with higher risk of liver cancer (&lt;25 nmol/L vs. ≥50 nmol/L: 1.98; 95% CI, 1.22–3.20; Ptrend across categories = 0.003) and CLD mortality (1.93; 95% CI, 1.23–3.03; Ptrend = 0.006) in models adjusted for age and date of blood draw. After additional adjustment for body mass index, diabetes, smoking, and other potential confounders, the association remained statistically significant for liver cancer (1.91; 95% CI, 1.16–3.15; Ptrend = 0.008), but was somewhat attenuated for CLD mortality (1.67; 95% CI, 1.02–2.75; Ptrend = 0.05). Associations were similar for analyses using season-specific and season-standardized quartiles, and after excluding participants with diabetes, or hepatitis B or C.
Conclusions: Our results suggest a possible preventive role for vitamin D against liver cancer and CLD, although the importance of the liver for vitamin D metabolism and the lack of information about underlying liver disease makes reverse causality a concern.
Impact: Future studies are needed to evaluate associations of vitamin D with liver cancer and liver disease in other populations, particularly those with a different constellation of risk factors. Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev; 27(9); 1075–82. ©2018 AACR.
Falar em língua abolida: a tradução de Desglaç de Maria-Mercè Marçal para o português
Authors: Marsal Meritxell Hernando , Barboza Beatriz Regina Guimarães 
Published: May 2018

Este trabalho tem como objetivo apresentar aspectos da poética e escrita ensaística de Maria-Mercè Marçal para abordar a interpretação e tradução de poemas seus dedicados às relações lésbicas, presentes no livro Desglaç (1989). Considerando sua importância tanto como poeta catalã e como pela qualidade de sua literatura, buscamos expor brevemente algumas das dimensões de suas reflexões e de seus versos sobre o tema, recorrendo aos seus próprios escritos (2004) e aos de Llüisa Julià (2001) para tal. Com essas leituras e outras mais, a tradução a quatro mãos entre acadêmicas, uma catalã e a outra brasileira, teve nessa prática um gesto que ecoa as próprias propostas feministas de Marçal. Desse modo, reconhece-se que este artigo pode ser tanto fértil por apresentar uma autora que trouxe à visibilidade a sexualidade lésbica através de uma complexa obra poética, quanto por ter oportunidade de relacionar seus critérios de tradução, tendo em vista seu diálogo com a tradição literária e as peculiaridades do catalão com relação ao português.
Self‐Reported Smoking, Urine Cotinine, and Risk of Cardiovascular Disease: Findings From the PREVEND (Prevention of Renal and Vascular End‐Stage Disease) Prospective Cohort Study
Authors: Kunutsor Setor K. , Spee Julia M. , Kieneker Lyanne M. , Gansevoort Ron T. , Dullaart Robin P. F. , Voerman Albert‐Jan , Touw Daan J. , Bakker Stephan J. L. 
Published: May 2018

Background
We aimed to compare the associations of smoking exposure as assessed by self‐reports and urine cotinine with cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk and determine the potential utility of cotinine for CVD risk prediction.

Methods and Results

Smoking status by self‐reports and urine cotinine were assessed at baseline in 4737 participants (mean age, 53 years) of the PREVEND (Prevention of Renal and Vascular End‐Stage Disease) prospective study. Participants were classified as never, former, light current (≤10 cigarettes/day), and heavy current smokers (>10 cigarettes/day) according to self‐reports and analogous cutoffs for urine cotinine. During a median follow‐up of 8.5 years, 296 first CVD events were recorded. Compared with self‐reported never smokers, the hazard ratios (95% confidence interval) of CVD for former, light current, and heavy current smokers were 0.86 (0.64–1.17), 1.28 (0.83–1.97), and 1.80 (1.27–2.57) in multivariate analysis. Compared with urine cotinine–assessed never smokers, the corresponding hazard ratios of CVD for urine cotinine–assessed former, light current, and heavy current smokers were 1.70 (1.03–2.81), 1.62 (1.15–2.28), and 1.95 (1.39–2.73) respectively. The C‐index change on adding urine cotinine–assessed smoking status to a standard CVD risk prediction model (without self‐reported smoking status) was 0.0098 (0.0031–0.0164;
P
=0.004). The corresponding C‐index change for self‐reported smoking status was 0.0111 (0.0042–0.0179;
P
=0.002).

Conclusions
Smoking status as assessed by self‐reports and urine cotinine is associated with CVD risk; however, the nature of the association of urine cotinine with CVD is consistent with a dose‐response relationship. The ability of urine cotinine to improve CVD risk assessment is similar to that of self‐reported smoking status.
Declining Rate and Severity of Hospitalized Stroke From 2004 to 2013
Authors: Koton Silvia , Geva Diklah , Streifler Jonathan Y. , Harnof Sagi , Pougach Yoav , Azrilin Olga , Hadar Shoshana , Bornstein Natan M. , Tanne David 
Published: May 2018

Background and Purpose—
Stroke is a leading cause of morbidity and disability. We assessed trends in rates of hospitalized stroke and stroke severity on admission in a prospective national registry of stroke from 2004 to 2013.

Methods—
All 6693 acute ischemic strokes and intracerebral hemorrhage in the National Acute Stroke Israeli participants ≥20 years old were included. Data were prospectively collected in 2004 (February–March), 2007 (March–April), 2010 (April–May), and 2013 (March–April). Rates of hospitalized stroke from 2004 to 2013 were studied using generalized linear models assuming a quasi-Poisson error distribution with a log link. Stroke severity on admission was determined using the National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale score and trends were studied. Analysis was performed for stroke overall and by sex and age-group as well as by stroke type.

Results—

Estimated average annual rates of hospitalized stroke decreased from 24.9/10 000 in 2004 to 19.5/10 000 in 2013. The age and sex-adjusted rates ratio (95% confidence interval) for hospitalized stroke overall was 0.82 (0.76–0.89) for 2007, 0.71 (0.65–0.77) for 2010, and 0.72 (0.66–0.78) for 2013 compared with 2004. Severity on admission decreased over time: rates (95% confidence interval) of severe stroke (National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale score of ≥11) decreased from 27% (25%–29%) in 2004 to 19% (17%–21%) in 2013, whereas rates (95% confidence interval) of minor stroke (National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale score of ≤5) increased from 46% (44%–49%) in 2004 to 60% (57%–62%) in 2013 (
P
<0.0001). Findings were consistent by sex, age-group, and stroke type.

Conclusions—
Based on our national data, rates of hospitalized stroke and severity of stroke on admission have decreased from 2004 to 2013 overall and by stroke type, in men and women. Despite the observed declines in rates and severity, stroke continues to place a considerable burden to the Israeli health system.
Cost-Effectiveness of Patent Foramen Ovale Closure Versus Medical Therapy for Secondary Stroke Prevention
Authors: Leppert Michelle H. , Poisson Sharon N. , Carroll John D. , Thaler David E. , Kim Chong H. , Orjuela Karen D. , Ho P. Michael , Burke James F. , Campbell Jonathan D. 
Published: May 2018

Background and Purpose—
Percutaneous transcatheter closure of patent foramen ovale (PFO closure) plus antiplatelet therapy has been shown to reduce the risk of recurrent stroke compared with medical therapy alone in carefully selected patients after cryptogenic stroke presumed to be from paradoxical embolism. Our objective was to determine the cost-effectiveness of PFO closure after cryptogenic stroke compared with conservative medical management from a US healthcare payer perspective.

Methods—
A decision analytic Markov model estimated the 15-year cost and outcomes associated with the additional benefit of PFO closure compared with medical management alone. Model inputs were obtained from published literature, national databases, and a meta-analysis of 5 published randomized clinical trials on PFO closure. Health outcomes were measured in quality-adjusted life years (QALY). Cost-effectiveness used the incremental cost per QALY gained, whereas the net monetary benefit assumed a willingness to pay of $150 000/QALY. One-way and probabilistic sensitivity analyses estimated the uncertainty of model results.

Results—
At 15 years, PFO closure compared with medical therapy alone improved QALY by 0.33 at a cost saving of $3568, representing an incremental net monetary benefit of $52 761 (95% interval −$8284 to $158 910). When the meta-analysis hazard ratio for stroke was increased to the 95% interval’s upper bound of 0.77, one-way sensitivity analyses suggested that PFO closure’s cost-effectiveness was $458 558 per additional QALY. Probabilistic sensitivity analysis suggested cost-effectiveness in 90% of simulation runs.

Conclusions—
PFO closure for cryptogenic strokes in the right setting is cost-effective, producing benefit in QALYs gained and potential cost savings. However, patient selection remains vitally important as marginal declines in treatment effectiveness can dramatically affect cost-effectiveness.
Combining Spot Sign and Intracerebral Hemorrhage Score to Estimate Functional Outcome
Authors: Schneider Hauke , Huynh Thien J. , Demchuk Andrew M. , Dowlatshahi Dar , Rodriguez-Luna David , Silva Yolanda , Aviv Richard , Dzialowski Imanuel 
Published: May 2018

Background and Purpose—
The intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH) score is the most commonly used grading scale for stratifying functional outcome in patients with acute ICH. We sought to determine whether a combination of the ICH score and the computed tomographic angiography spot sign may improve outcome prediction in the cohort of a prospective multicenter hemorrhage trial.

Methods—
Prospectively collected data from 241 patients from the observational PREDICT study (Prediction of Hematoma Growth and Outcome in Patients With Intracerebral Hemorrhage Using the CT-Angiography Spot Sign) were analyzed. Functional outcome at 3 months was dichotomized using the modified Rankin Scale (0–3 versus 4–6). Performance of (1) the ICH score and (2) the spot sign ICH score—a scoring scale combining ICH score and spot sign number—was tested.

Results—

Multivariable analysis demonstrated that ICH score (odds ratio, 3.2; 95% confidence interval, 2.2–4.8) and spot sign number (n=1: odds ratio, 2.7; 95% confidence interval, 1.1–7.4; n>1: odds ratio, 3.8; 95% confidence interval, 1.2–17.1) were independently predictive of functional outcome at 3 months with similar odds ratios. Prediction of functional outcome was not significantly different using the spot sign ICH score compared with the ICH score alone (spot sign ICH score area under curve versus ICH score area under curve:
P
=0.14).

Conclusions—
In the PREDICT cohort, a prognostic score adding the computed tomographic angiography–based spot sign to the established ICH score did not improve functional outcome prediction compared with the ICH score.
Bridging Hospital and Community Care for Homeless Adults with Mental Health Needs: Outcomes of a Brief Interdisciplinary Intervention
Authors: Stergiopoulos Vicky , Gozdzik Agnes , Nisenbaum Rosane , Durbin Janet , Hwang Stephen W. , O’Campo Patricia , Tepper Joshua , Wasylenki Don 
Published: May 2018

Objective: This study examines health and service use outcomes and associated factors among homeless adults participating in a brief interdisciplinary intervention following discharge from hospital. Method: Using a pre-post cohort design, 223 homeless adults with mental health needs were enrolled in the Coordinated Access to Care for the Homeless (CATCH) program, a 4- to 6-month interdisciplinary intervention offering case management, peer support, access to primary psychiatric care, and supplementary community services. Study participants were interviewed at program entry and at 3- and 6-month follow-up visits and assessed for health status, acute care service use, housing outcomes, mental health, substance use, quality of life, and their working alliance with service providers. Linear mixed models and generalized estimating equations were performed to examine outcomes longitudinally. Additional post hoc analyses evaluated differences between CATCH participants and a comparison group of homeless adults experiencing mental illness who received usual services over the same period. Results: In the pre-post analyses, CATCH participants had statistically significant improvements in mental and physical health status and reductions in mental health symptoms, substance misuse, and the number of hospital admissions. The strength of the working alliance between participants and their case manager was associated with reduced health care use and mental health symptoms. Post hoc analyses suggest that CATCH may be associated with statistically significant improvements in mental health symptoms in the study population. Conclusions: A brief interdisciplinary intervention may be a promising approach to improving health outcomes among homeless adults with unmet health needs. Further rigorous research is needed into the effectiveness of brief interventions following discharge from hospital.
Oronasal Transfixion Suture to Prevent Uplifted Nasal Floor Deformity in Cleft Lip and Palate Patients: A 5-Year Follow-Up
Authors: Nakajima Yuta , Yuzuriha Shunsuke , Nagai Fumio , Fujita Kenya , Noguchi Masahiko 
Published: May 2018

Objective: In unilateral cleft lip and palate, the reconstructed nasal floor is sometimes uplifted regardless of the reconstructive method used. We used a 5-0 absorbable anchoring suture, the oronasal transfixion suture (ONT suture), to fasten the reconstructed nasal floor to the orbicularis oris muscle to prevent this deformity. This study was performed to evaluate the effects of the ONT suture. Design: Blind retrospective study of photography and chart review. Setting: Shinshu University Hospital, tertiary care, Nagano, Japan. Private practice. Patients: Ninety-three consecutive patients with unilateral complete cleft lip and palate who had undergone primary nasolabial repair in our department and affiliated hospitals between 1999 and 2011 participated in this study. Finally, 45 patients were included. Interventions: The ONT suture was put in place at the time of primary nasolabial repair. Main Outcome Measure: The height of the nasal floor was evaluated on submental view photographs at 5 years old. Results: The ONT suture was applied in 21 patients. The height of the nasal floor on the cleft side was significantly closer to that on the noncleft side with the ONT suture than without the ONT suture ( P = .008). Conclusions: The ONT suture is effective to prevent uplifted nasal floor deformity on the cleft side// in unilateral complete cleft lip and palate at the time of primary nasolabial repair.