bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Вплив інбридингу різних ступенів на живу масу свинок та їх власну продуктивність
Authors: Войтенко С. Л. 
Published: May 2018

У статті висвітлена проблема інбридингу у свинарстві, зокрема під час розведення свиней нечисленної, локальної породи. Встановлений позитивний вплив інбридингу на живу масу свинок у процесі їх вирощування. Найбільш високу живу масу за відлучення у 45-денному віці мали свинки із найменшим коефіцієнтом інбридингу (0,78–1,56 %), але в процесі росту тварин, особливо із 6-місячного віку, тенденція змінюється і найбільшу живу масу мали свинки із більш високим коефіцієнтом інбридингу (6,24–11,7 %). Позитивні наслідки інбридингу помірних і віддалених ступенів відмічені і за показниками власної продуктивності свинок. Доведено, що із підвищенням коефіцієнту інбридингу з 1,56 % до 11,7 % вік досягнення тваринами живої маси 100 кг зменшувався на 11,4 днів (P > 0,95), а товщина шпику, виміряна прижиттєво, – на 2,7 мм. На підставі чого зроблений узагальнюючий висновок про можливість спорідненого підбору батьківських пар у миргородській породі свиней з метою одержання потомків, комплексний коефіцієнт інбридингу яких не вище 11,7 %.
The article deals with the problem of inbreeding in pig breeding, in particular when breeding pigs not numerous, local breed. A positive effect of inbreeding on the live weight of pigs during their cultivation has been established. The highest live weight with weaning at the age of 45 days had mumps with the lowest coefficient of inbreeding (0,78–1,56 %), but in the process of animal growth, especially from the age of 6 months, the trend is changing and the largest live weight was of mumps with a higher coefficient of inbreeding (6,24–11,7 %). The positive influence of inbreeding of moderate and distant degrees is also noted in terms of the own productivity of the pigs. It was proved that with the increase in the coefficient of inbreeding from 1,56 % to 11,7 %, the age of reaching a live weight of 100 kg decreased by 11,4 days (P>0,95), and the thickness of the bacon, measured in vivo, by 2,7 mm. On the basis of which a general conclusion is drawn on the possibility of a related selection of parental pairs in Myrhorod breed of pigs for the purpose of obtaining descendants, the complex inbreeding coefficient of which is not higher than 11,7 %.
Біологічні особливості сезонної динаміки Varroa destructor (Anderson and Trueman, 2000) в умовах Полтавської області
Authors: Євстаф’єва В. О. , Назаренко О. С. 
Published: May 2018

Наведено дані щодо визначення показників зараженості медоносних бджіл Varroa destructor у кліматичних умовах Полтавської області залежно від сезону з урахуванням біологічних особливостей паразитичних кліщів. Установлено, що сезонна динаміка вароозу характеризується зростанням показників екстенсивності інвазії та індексу рясності у літньо-осінній період року, а показників інтенсивності інвазії – взимку та влітку. Доведено, що впродовж року кількість кліщів на одній робочій бджолі коливається в межах від 1 до 8 екз. Біологічні особливості кліщів характеризуються активізацією паразитування на бджолах влітку (до 8 екз. імаго) та восени (до 7 екз.).
The data of the determination of infection rates of Varroa destructor honey bees in the climatic conditions of Poltava region depending on the season, taking into account the biological characteristics of parasitic ticks are presented. It has been established that the seasonal dynamics of varroasis is characterized by an increase in extensiveness of invasion and the abundance index in the summer-autumn period of the year, and the rates of intensity of invasion in winter and summer. It is proved that during the year the number of ticks on one worker's bee ranges from 1 to 8 specimens. Biological features of ticks are characterized by activation of parasitism on bees in summer (up to 8 specimens of imago) and in autumn (up to 7 specimens).
Екологічне обґрунтування формування регіональної екологічної мережі для визначення напрямків функціонування прирічкових зон. Теорія і практика
Authors: Макеєва О. В. 
Published: May 2018

Сучасний стан природних ландшафтів України лише частково відповідає критеріям віднесення їх до Всеєвропейської екологічної мережі. Відмічається погіршення умов забезпечення територіальної єдності ділянок із природними ландшафтами, що ускладнюють, а інколи унеможливлюють просторові процеси біологічного обміну, притаманні живій природі. За допомогою оглядових методів досліджено та описано місце, роль і сучасний стан розвитку регіональних екологічних мереж у рамках виконання загальнодержавної програми формування національної екологічної мережі України на 2000–2015 рр. Висвітлено основні принципи формування екомережі та їх застосування на різних етапах реалізації програми. Запропоновано модель розширення екологічної мережі за рахунок функціонування прирічкових зон, прийнявши екосистему Прирічкового парку м. Полтава екологічно-стабільною функціонуючою територією в умовах міста, де важливим є не тільки збереження біоценозу, а і резервування та подальше надання статусу як типово-унікальній екосистемі на основі показників стабільності.
The current state of Ukraine’s natural landscapes partially meets the criteria for referring them to the General European Ecological Network. Deteriorating conditions for securing the territorial unity of sites with natural landscapes that make it difficult and sometimes impossible to make spatial biological exchange processes that are inherent in living nature.
Based on the results of survey methods, the place, role and current state of development of regional ecological networks have been studied and described within the framework of the national program for the formation of the national ecological network of Ukraine for 2000–2015. The main principles of econetwork formation and their application at different stages of the program implementation are covered. A model for expanding the ecological network by functioning riverine zones was offered, having adopted the ecosystem of the Poltava riverine park in an ecologically stable functioning territory in a city where it is important not only to preserve the biocenosis but also to reserve and continue to grant status as a typically unique ecosystem based on stability indicators.
Formação para formar professores em tempos de mudança
Authors: Noronha Lílian Freire 
Published: May 2018

As ideias expostas no texto de Francisco Imbernón faz uma análise da figura do professor tradicional e de como é necessário que esse papel seja revisto urgentemente em face às constantes mudanças que ocorrem no cenário das profissões em geral e em especial da profissão docente, da escola, da formação dos professores, seja ela inicial ou permanente, das tecnologias, do contexto social e político.
Science Student Teachers’ Approaches to Studying
Authors: EFE Rıfat , ASLAN EFE Hulya 
Published: May 2018

iIn this study,
science student teachers’ approaches to studying was investigated. This is
important because as knowing an individual’s preferred way for studying can
potentially help teachers to design learning environments that is likely to
better foster the individual’s learning needs. The participants were 381
student teachers on teacher education course during 2016/17 academic year. The Approaches and Study Skills Inventory for
Students (ASSIST) was used to collect the data.
The analysis of the data revealed that science student teachers’
approaches to studies showed statistically significant differences based on
their gender, subjects and study years. The findings have important
implications for teacher education courses.
Les paradoxes de l’intégration coopétitive
Authors: Ralandison Gilde , Milliot Éric , Harison Victor 
Published: May 2018

Pendant trois années, les auteurs ont observé deux groupements de petites et moyennes entreprises impliquées dans la filière des huiles essentielles à Madagascar. Cette observation longitudinale de groupements complémentaires (l’un est formellement structuré, l’autre pas) permet d’identifier un type particulier de rapprochement entre adversaires-partenaires : la coopétition intégrée. Utilisant la sociologie de la traduction pour comprendre comment des acteurs aussi différents peuvent arriver à un consensus stable, les auteurs proposent un modèle de gestion des paradoxes intra- et interorganisationnels qui caractérisent ce type de rapprochement.
Revolutionizing Our Understanding of AGN Feedback and its Importance to Galaxy Evolution in the Era of the Next Generation Very Large Array
Authors: Nyland K. , Harwood J. J. , Mukherjee D. , Jagannathan P. , Rujopakarn W. , Emonts B. , Alatalo K. , Bicknell G. V. , Davis T. A. , Greene J. E. , Kimball A. , Lacy M. , Lonsdale Carol , Lonsdale Colin , Maksym W. P. , Molnár D. C. , Morabito L. , Murphy E. J. , Patil P. , Prandoni I. , Sargent M. , Vlahakis C. 
Published: May 2018

Abstract
Energetic feedback by active galactic nuclei (AGNs) plays an important evolutionary role in the regulation of star formation on galactic scales. However, the effects of this feedback as a function of redshift and galaxy properties such as mass, environment, and cold gas content remain poorly understood. The broad frequency coverage (1 to 116 GHz), high sensitivity (up to ten times higher than the Karl G. Jansky Very Large Array), and superb angular resolution (maximum baselines of at least a few hundred kilometers) of the proposed next-generation Very Large Array (ngVLA) are uniquely poised to revolutionize our understanding of AGNs and their role in galaxy evolution. Here, we provide an overview of the science related to AGN feedback that will be possible in the ngVLA era and present new continuum ngVLA imaging simulations of resolved radio jets spanning a wide range of intrinsic extents. We also consider key computational challenges and discuss exciting opportunities for multiwavelength synergy with other next-generation instruments, such as the Square Kilometer Array and the James Webb
Space Telescope. The unique combination of high-resolution, large collecting area, and wide frequency range will enable significant advancements in our understanding of the effects of jet-driven feedback on sub-galactic scales, particularly for sources with extents of a few parsec to a few kiloparsec, such as young and/or lower-power radio AGNs, AGNs hosted by low-mass galaxies, radio jets that are interacting strongly with the interstellar medium of the host galaxy, and AGNs at high redshift.
Bubbles in Titan’s Seas: Nucleation, Growth, and RADAR Signature
Authors: Cordier Daniel , Liger-Belair Gérard 
Published: May 2018

Abstract
In the polar regions of Titan, the main satellite of Saturn, hydrocarbon seas have been discovered by the Cassini–Huygens mission. RADAR observations have revealed surprising and transient bright areas over the Ligeia Mare surface. As suggested by recent research, bubbles could explain these strange features. However, the nucleation and growth of such bubbles, together with their RADAR reflectivity, have never been investigated. All of these aspects are critical to an actual observation. We have thus applied the classical nucleation theory to our context, and we developed a specific radiative transfer model that is appropriate for bubble streams in cryogenic liquids. According to our results, the sea bed appears to be the most plausible place for the generation of bubbles, leading to a signal comparable to observations. This conclusion is supported by thermodynamic arguments and by RADAR properties of a bubbly column. The latter are also valid in the case of bubble plumes, due to gas leaking from the sea floor.
On the Rate and on the Gravitational Wave Emission of Short and Long GRBs
Authors: Ruffini R. , Rodriguez J. , Muccino M. , Rueda J. A. , Aimuratov Y. , Almeida U. Barres de , Becerra L. , Bianco C. L. , Cherubini C. , Filippi S. , Gizzi D. , Kovacevic M. , Moradi R. , Oliveira F. G. , Pisani G. B. , Wang Y. 
Published: May 2018

Abstract
On the ground of the large number of gamma-ray bursts (GRBs) detected with cosmological redshift, we classified GRBs in seven subclasses, all with binary progenitors which emit gravitational waves (GWs). Each binary is composed of combinations of carbon–oxygen cores (COcore), neutron stars (NSs), black holes (BHs), and white dwarfs (WDs). The long bursts, traditionally assumed to originate from a BH with an ultrarelativistic jetted emission, not emitting GWs, have been subclassified as (I) X-ray flashes (XRFs), (II) binary-driven hypernovae (BdHNe), and (III) BH–supernovae (BH–SNe). They are framed within the induced gravitational collapse paradigm with a progenitor COcore–NS/BH binary. The SN explosion of the COcore triggers an accretion process onto the NS/BH. If the accretion does not lead the NS to its critical mass, an XRF occurs, while when the BH is present or formed by accretion, a BdHN occurs. When the binaries are not disrupted, XRFs lead to NS–NS and BdHNe lead to NS–BH. The short bursts, originating in NS–NS, are subclassified as (IV) short gamma-ray flashes (S-GRFs) and (V) short GRBs (S-GRBs), the latter when a BH is formed. There are (VI) ultrashort GRBs (U-GRBs) and (VII) gamma-ray flashes (GRFs) formed in NS–BH and NS–WD, respectively. We use the occurrence rate and GW emission of these subclasses to assess their detectability by Advanced LIGO-Virgo, eLISA, and resonant bars. We discuss the consequences of our results in view of the announcement of the LIGO/Virgo Collaboration of the source GW 170817 as being originated by an NS–NS.
Whip: Communicate and Test What to Expect from Data
Authors: Van Hoey Stijn , Desmet Peter 
Published: May 2018

The ability to communicate and assess the quality and fitness for use of data is crucial to ensure maximum utility and re-use. Data consumers have certain requirements for the data they seek and need to be able to check if a data set conforms with these requirements. Data publishers aim to provide data with the highest possible quality and need to be able to identify potential errors that can be addressed with the available information at hand. The development and adoption of data publication guidelines is one approach to define and meet those requirements. However, the use of a guideline, the mapping decisions, and the requirements a dataset is expected to meet, are generally not communicated with the provided data. Moreover, these guidelines are typically intended for humans only.
In this talk, we will present 'whip': a proposed syntax for data specifications. With whip, one can define column-based constraints for tabular (tidy) data using a number of rules, e.g. how data is structured following Darwin Core, how a term uses controlled vocabulary values, or what the expected minimum and maximum values are. These rules are human- and machine-readable, which communicates the specifications, and allows to automatically validate those in pipelines for data publication and quality assessment, such as Kurator. Whip can be formatted as a (yaml) text file that can be provided with the published data, communicating the specifications a dataset is expected to meet. The scope of these specifications can be specific to a dataset, but can also be used to express expected data quality and fitness for use of a publisher, consumer or community, allowing bottom-up and top-down adoption. As such, these specifications are complementary to the core set of data quality tests as currently under development by the TDWG Biodiversity Data Quality Task 2 Group 2. Whip rules are currently generic, but more specific ones can be defined to address requirements for biodiversity information.
Digital Object Cloud for linking natural science collections information; The case of DiSSCo
Authors: Koureas Dimitrios , Addink Wouter , Hardisty Alex 
Published: May 2018

DiSSCo(The Distributed System of Scientific Collections) is a Research Infrastructure (RI) aiming at providing unified physical (transnational), remote (loans) and virtual (digital) access to the approximately 1.5 billion biological and geological specimens in collections across Europe. DiSSCo represents the largest ever formal agreement between natural science museums (114 organisations across 21 European countries). With political and financial support across 14 European governments and a robust governance model DiSSCo will deliver, by 2025, a series of innovative end-user discovery, access, interpretation and analysis services for natural science collections data.
As part of DiSSCo's developing data model, we evaluate the application of Digital Objects (DOs), which can act as the centrepiece of its architecture. DOs have bit-sequences representing some content, are identified by globally unique persistent identifiers (PIDs) and are associated with different types of metadata. The PIDs can be used to refer to different types of information such as locations, checksums, types and other metadata to enable immediate operations. In the world of natural science collections, currently fragmented data classes (inter alia genes, traits, occurrences) that have derived from the study of physical specimens, can be re-united as parts in a virtual container (i.e., as components of a Digital Object). These typed DOs, when combined with software agents that scan the data offered by repositories, can act as complete digital surrogates of the physical specimens.
In this paper we:
investigate the architectural and technological applicability of DOs for large scale data RIs for bio- and geo-diversity,
identify benefits and challenges of a DO approach for the DiSSCo RI and
describe key specifications (incl. metadata profiles) for a specimen-based new DO type.
Measuring and profiling financial literacy in South Africa
Authors: Nanziri Elizabeth L. , Leibbrandt Murray 
Published: May 2018

Background: Microeconomic theories of financial behaviour tend to assume that consumers possess financial skills necessary to undertake related financial decisions. Aim and setting: We investigated this assumption by exploring the distribution of financial literacy among South Africans. Method: In the absence of a standard measure, a financial literacy index was constructed for the country using data collected on attitudes (towards), access to and use of financial services over the period 2005–2009. In a multivariate regression analysis, we used the index to examine the extent to which differences in financial literacy correlate with demographic and economic characteristics. Results: The index revealed substantial variation in financial literacy by age, education, province and race. Overall, demographic characteristics contributed up to 10% of the financial literacy differences among individuals in South Africa. Conclusion: These results can be used to guide policy makers where to place more emphasis in terms of financial education for South Africans.
Preliminary Validity Evidence for a Milestones-Based Rating Scale for Chart-Stimulated Recall
Authors: Reddy Shalini T. , Tekian Ara , Durning Steven J. , Gupta Shanu , Endo Justin , Affinati Brenda , Park Yoon Soo 
Published: May 2018

ABSTRACT

Background
Minimally anchored Standard Rating Scales (SRSs), which are widely used in medical education, are hampered by suboptimal interrater reliability. Expert-derived frameworks, such as the Accreditation Council for Graduate Medical Education (ACGME) Milestones, may be helpful in defining level-specific anchors to use on rating scales.

Objective
We examined validity evidence for a Milestones-Based Rating Scale (MBRS) for scoring chart-stimulated recall (CSR).

Methods
Two 11-item scoring forms with either an MBRS or SRS were developed. Items and anchors for the MBRS were adapted from the ACGME Internal Medicine Milestones. Six CSR standardized videos were developed. Clinical faculty scored videos using either the MBRS or SRS and following a randomized crossover design. Reliability of the MBRS versus the SRS was compared using intraclass correlation.

Results
Twenty-two faculty were recruited for instrument testing. Some participants did not complete scoring, leaving a response rate of 15 faculty (7 in the MBRS group and 8 in the SRS group). A total of 529 ratings (number of items × number of scores) using SRSs and 540 using MBRSs were available. Percent agreement was higher for MBRSs for only 2 of 11 items—use of consultants (92 versus 75, P = .019) and unique characteristics of patients (96 versus 79, P = .011)—and the overall score (89 versus 82, P &lt; .001). Interrater agreement was 0.61 for MBRSs and 0.51 for SRSs.

Conclusions
Adding milestones to our rating form resulted in significant, but not substantial, improvement in intraclass correlation coefficient. Improvement was inconsistent across items.
X + Y = Time for QI: Meaningful Engagement of Residents in Quality Improvement During the Ambulatory Block
Authors: Johnson Krista M. , Fiordellisi Wendy , Kuperman Ethan , Wickersham Alexis , Kuehn Carly , Kamath Aparna , Szot Joseph , Suneja Manish 
Published: May 2018

ABSTRACT

Background
Meaningful resident engagement in quality improvement (QI) remains challenging. Barriers include a lack of time and of faculty with QI expertise. We leveraged our internal medicine (IM) residency program's adoption of an “X” (inpatient rotations) plus “Y” (ambulatory block) schedule to implement a QI curriculum for all residents during their ambulatory block.

Objective
We sought to engage residents in interprofessional QI, improve residents' QI confidence and knowledge and application to practice, and create opportunities for QI scholarship.

Methods
In July 2015, the program provided dedicated time for QI in the ambulatory block. All categorical IM residents and 11 voluntary faculty mentors were divided into 10 teams based on clinic site and “Y” block schedule. Teams participated in resident-led, interprofessional ambulatory QI projects. Resident QI knowledge and confidence were assessed before the curriculum and 11 months after using the Quality Improvement Knowledge Application Tool–Revised (QIKAT-R) and surveys. QI project implementation and scholarship were tracked.

Results
All categorical residents (N = 81) participated. Residents reported increased confidence in all QI skills, and they demonstrated increased knowledge, with mean QIKAT-R paired scores improving from 15.8 ± 4.6 to 19.1 ± 5.9 (n = 45 pairs, P &lt; .001). A total of 9 of 10 teams implemented process changes, and 6 team project improvements have been sustained.

Conclusions
This ongoing curriculum engaged IM and IM-psychiatry residents in QI during their ambulatory block using volunteer clinic faculty mentors. Residents demonstrated improved QI confidence and knowledge. The majority of resident projects were sustained and generated scholarship.