bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Surface patterning of a novel PEG‐functionalized poly‐l‐lactide polymer to improve its biocompatibility: Applications to bioresorbable vascular stents
Authors: Pacharra Sandra , Ortiz Rocio , McMahon Sean , Wang Wenxin , Viebahn Richard , Salber Jochen , Quintana Iban 
Published: August 2018

AbstractToday, research in the field of bioresorbable vascular stents (BVS) not only focusses on a new material being nontoxic but also tries to enhance its biocompatibility in terms of endothelialization potential and hemocompatibility. To this end, we used picosecond laser ablation technology as a single‐step and contactless method for surface microstructuring of a bioresorbable polymer which can be utilized in stent manufacture. The method works on all materials via fast material removal, can be easily adapted for micropatterning of tubular or more complex sample shapes and scaled up by means of micropatterning of metal molds for manufacturing. Here, picosecond laser ablation was applied to a bioresorbable, biologically inactive and polyethylene glycol‐modified poly‐L‐lactide polymer (PEGylated PLLA) to generate parallel microgrooves with varying geometries. The different patterns were thoroughly evaluated by a series of cyto‐ and hemocompatibility tests revealing that all surfaces were non‐toxic and non‐hemolytic. More importantly, patterns with 20 to 25 µm wide and 6 to 7 µm deep grooves significantly enhanced endothelial cell adhesion in comparison to samples with smaller grooves. Here, human cardiac microvascular endothelial cells were found to align along the groove direction, which is thought to encourage endothelialization of intraluminal surfaces of BVS. © 2018 The Authors Journal of Biomedical Materials Research Part B: Applied Biomaterials Published by Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Biomed Mater Res Part B: Appl Biomater 00B: 000–000, 2018. © 2018 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Biomed Mater Res Part B: Appl Biomater 107B: 624–634, 2019.
Itraconazole encapsulated PLGA‐nanoparticles covered with mannose as potential candidates against leishmaniasis
Authors: Biswaro Lubhandwa Sebastian , Garcia Mônica Pereira , da Silva Jaqueline Rodrigues , Neira Fuentes Laura Fernanda , Vera Angelica , Escobar Patricia , Azevedo Ricardo Bentes 
Published: August 2018

AbstractLeishmaniasis is a neglected disease threatening over 350 million people. Antimonials are first‐line drugs due to resistance and side effects there is a demand for alternative chemotherapy. Itraconazole (ITZ) is an antimycotic. It was encapsulated into poly(lactic‐co‐glycolic acid) (PLGA) nanoparticles (NPs) and covered with mannose. The NPs were 250 nm and −1.1 mV ± 0.7. PLGA‐ITZ‐mannose NPs presented a toxicity of 20.7% for J774 cells, and no toxicity for THP 1. The J774 cells were infected with three Leishmania promastigotes strains and treated with ITZ loaded PLGA NPs with/without mannose. The parasite percentage of L.(V.) panamensis intracellular amastigotes significantly (p < 0.01) decreased from 34.4% to 13.7% and 5.7% for PLGA‐ITZ‐mannose NPs and PLGA‐ITZ NPs, respectively. For L.(L.) infantum there was a reduction (p < 0.001) from 18.1% to 4.8% and 8.3% for PLGA‐ITZ‐mannose NPs and PLGA‐ITZ NPs, respectively. Further with L.(L.) braziliensis amastigotes there was a significant reduction (p < 0.001) from 54.9% to 28% and 21.1% for PLGA‐ITZ‐mannose NPs and PLGA‐ITZ NPs, respectively. Adding mannose increased the efficacy PLGA‐ITZ NPs against L.(L.) infantum, while it had no effect against L(V.) panamensis and L.(L.) braziliensis amastigotes. We recommend further investigation of PLGA‐ITZ‐mannose NPs in animal models to evaluate their potential. © 2018 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Biomed Mater Res Part B: Appl Biomater 00B: 000–000, 2018. © 2018 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Biomed Mater Res Part B: Appl Biomater 107B: 680–687, 2019.
Comparison of polyetheretherketone versus silicon nitride intervertebral spinal spacers in a caprine model
Authors: Kersten Roel F. M. R. , Wu Gang , Pouran Behdad , van der Veen Albert J. , Weinans Harrie H. , de Gast Arthur , Öner F. Cumhur , van Gaalen Steven M. 
Published: August 2018

AbstractPolyetheretherketone (PEEK) is commonly used as a spinal spacer for intervertebral fusion surgery. Unfortunately, PEEK is bioinert and does not effectively osseointegrate into living bone. In contrast, comparable spacers made of silicon nitride (Si3N4) possess a surface nanostructure and chemistry that encourage appositional bone healing. This observational study was designed to compare the outcomes of these two biomaterials when implanted as spacers in an adult caprine model. Lumbar interbody fusion surgeries were performed at two adjacent levels in eight adult goats using implants of PEEK and Si3N4. At six‐months after surgery, the operative and adjacent spinal segments were extracted and measured for bone fusion, bone volume, bone‐implant contact (BIC) and soft‐tissue implant contact (SIC) ratios, and biodynamic stability. The null hypothesis was that no differences in these parameters would be apparent between the two groups. Fusion was observed in seven of eight implants in each group with greater bone formation in the Si3N4group (52.6%) versus PEEK (27.9%;p = 0.2). There were no significant differences in BIC ratios between PEEK and Si3N4, and the biodynamic stability of the two groups was also comparable. The results suggest that Si3N4spacers are not inferior to PEEK and they may be more effective in promoting arthrodesis. © 2018 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Biomed Mater Res Part B: Appl Biomater 00B: 000–000, 2018. © 2018 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Biomed Mater Res Part B: Appl Biomater 107B: 688–699, 2019.
Development of calcium phosphate/ethylene glycol dimethacrylate particles for dental applications
Authors: Natale Livia C. , Rodrigues Marcela C. , Alania Yvette , Chiari Marina D. S. , Vilela Handially S. , Vieira Douglas N. , Arana‐Chavez Victor , Meier Marcia M. , Vichi Flavio M. , Braga Roberto R. 
Published: August 2018

AbstractThis study describes the synthesis of dicalcium phosphate dihydrate (DCPD) particles in the presence of different ethylene glycol dimethacrylates (EGDMA, ethylene glycol/EG units: 1, 2, 3 or 4) at two monomer‐to‐ammonium phosphate molar ratios (1:1 and 2:1), as a strategy to develop CaP‐monomer particles with improved interaction with resin matrices. Particles displaying high surface areas and organic contents were added to a photocurable BisGMA‐TEGDMA resin and the resulting materials were tested for degree of conversion (DC), biaxial flexural strength (BFS), flexural modulus, and ion release. Data were subjected to one‐way ANOVA or Kruskal‐Wallis/Dunn test (alpha: 0.05). Functionalization with EGDMA derivatives was dependent upon the length of the spacer group and monomer concentration in the synthesis. No differences in DC were observed among materials (p > 0.05). A 39% increase in BFS was obtained with the use of particles with the highest functionalization level compared to non‐functionalized particles (p < 0.001). The use of functionalized DCPD reduced flexural modulus in comparison to non‐functionalized particles (p < 0.001). Calcium release was similar among materials and remained constant during the experiment, while phosphate release was higher at 7 days in comparison to the remaining weeks (p < 0.001). In conclusion, diethylene glycol dimethacrylate resulted in the highest functionalization levels and the highest BFS among DCPD‐containing materials. Ion release was not affected by functionalization. © 2018 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Biomed Mater Res Part B: Appl Biomater, 2018. © 2018 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Biomed Mater Res Part B: Appl Biomater 107B: 708–715, 2019.
[6]‐Gingerol–induced cell cycle arrest, reactive oxygen species generation, and disruption of mitochondrial membrane potential are associated with apoptosis in human gastric cancer (AGS) cells
Authors: Mansingh Debjani P. , O. J. Sunanda , Sali Veeresh Kumar , Vasanthi Hannah R. 
Published: August 2018

AbstractGinger (Zingiber officinale Roscoe), a monocotyledonous herb, is widely used as an herbal medicine owing to the phytoconstituents it possesses. In the current study, the quantity of [6]‐gingerol, the major phenolic ketone, in the fresh ginger and dried ginger rhizome was found to be 6.11 µg/mg and 0.407 µg/mg. Furthermore, [6]‐gingerol was assessed for its antiapoptotic effects in human gastric adenocarcinoma (AGS) cells evidenced by acridine orange/ethidium bromide staining technique and Annexin‐V assay. An increase in reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation led to a decrease in mitochondrial membrane potential (MMP) and subsequent induction of apoptosis. Results disclose that perturbations in MMP are associated with deregulation of Bax/Bcl‐2 ratio at protein level, which leads to upregulation of cytochrome‐c triggering the caspase cascade. These enduringly suggest that [6]‐gingerol can be effectively used for targeting the mitochondrial energy metabolism to manage gastric cancer cells.
l‐arginine protects against oxidative damage induced by T‐2 toxin in mouse Leydig cells
Authors: Yang Jian Ying , Zhang Yong Fa , Li Yuan Xiao , Meng Xiang Ping , Bao Jian Feng 
Published: August 2018

AbstractTo explore the protective mechanism of l‐arginine against T‐2 toxin–induced oxidative damage in mouse Leydig cells, Leydig cells were isolated and cultured with control, T‐2 toxin (10 nM), l‐arginine (0.25, 0.5, and 1.0 mM), and T‐2 toxin (10 nM T‐2 toxin) with l‐arginine (0.25, 0.5, or 1.0 mM) for 24 hours. Cells and supernatants were harvested to examine cell viability, activities, and messenger RNA (mRNA) expression of glutathione peroxidase (GSH‐Px), superoxide dismutase (SOD), and catalase (CAT), malondialdehyde (MDA) content, and DNA damage. Results showed that T‐2 toxin significantly reduced cell viability, improved MDA content and DNA damage, and decreased activities and mRNA expression of GSH‐Px, SOD, and CAT. However, l‐arginine reduced T‐2 toxin–induced oxidative damage and tended to maintain normal levels. Furthermore, l‐arginine upregulated mRNA expressions of GSH‐Px, SOD, and CAT. Collectively, l‐arginine, due to its antioxidative ability, could ameliorate T‐2 toxin–induced cytotoxicities in mouse Leydig cells by regulating oxidative stress.
The impact of accommodating client preference in psychotherapy: A meta‐analysis
Authors: Swift Joshua K. , Callahan Jennifer L. , Cooper Mick , Parkin Susannah R. 
Published: August 2018

AbstractClient preferences in psychotherapy reflect specific conditions and activities that clients desire in their treatment, with increasing evidence pointing to preference accommodation as facilitating psychotherapy outcomes. This updated meta‐analysis establishes the magnitude of the effect of client preference accommodation in psychotherapy. Based on data from 53 studies and over 16,000 clients, preference accommodation was associated with fewer treatment dropouts (OR = 1.79) and more positive treatment outcomes (d = 0.28) than providing client with a nonpreferred treatment or psychotherapy condition. The preference effect was moderated by study design, timing and type of outcome measurement, and client diagnosis. It was not moderated by year of publication, treatment duration, preference type, treatment options, client age, client gender, client ethnicity, or client years of education. The authors provide a case example of preference accommodation and practice recommendations for working with client preferences.
Chronic pancreatitis correlates with increased risk of herpes zoster in a population‐based retrospective cohort study
Authors: Lai Shih‐Wei , Lin Cheng‐Li , Liao Kuan‐Fu 
Published: August 2018

AbstractBackgroundThe association between chronic pancreatitis and herpes zoster has not been fully investigated. The objective of the study was to investigate whether there is an association between chronic pancreatitis and herpes zoster in Taiwan.MethodsUsing the claim data of the Taiwan National Health Insurance Program, we identified 1,545 participants aged 20–84 years with a new diagnosis of chronic pancreatitis from 2000 to 2012 as the chronic pancreatitis group. We selected 6,022 sex‐matched and age‐matched participants without chronic pancreatitis as the non‐chronic pancreatitis group. The incidence of herpes zoster at the end of 2013 was measured. The multivariable Cox proportional hazards regression model was used to measure the hazard ratio (HR) and 95% confidence interval (CI) for herpes zoster associated with chronic pancreatitis.ResultsThe overall incidence of herpes zoster was 1.34‐fold greater in the chronic pancreatitis group than the non‐chronic pancreatitis group (6.22 vs. 4.63 per 1,000 person‐years, 95% CI 1.16–1.57). After controlling for confounding factors, the adjusted HR of herpes zoster was 1.35 (95% CI 1.01–1.82) for the chronic pancreatitis group, compared with the non‐chronic pancreatitis group.ConclusionsChronic pancreatitis correlates with 1.35‐fold increased risk of herpes zoster. From a view of primary prevention, we suggest that patients with chronic pancreatitis should receive herpes zoster vaccination.
Favorable efficacy of glecaprevir plus pibrentasvir as salvage therapy for HCV failures to prior direct‐acting antivirals regimens
Authors: Akuta Norio , Sezaki Hitomi , Suzuki Fumitaka , Fujiyama Shunichiro , Kawamura Yusuke , Hosaka Tetsuya , Kobayashi Masahiro , Kobayashi Mariko , Saitoh Satoshi , Suzuki Yoshiyuki , Arase Yasuji , Ikeda Kenji , Kumada Hiromitsu 
Published: August 2018

In real‐world settings, not much information is probably available on the treatment efficacy of the combination of glecaprevir and pibrentasvir (G/P) as a salvage therapy in failures of prior direct‐acting antiviral (DAA) regimens. Especially, the evolution of NS5A resistance‐associated variants (RAVs) and treatment efficacy in patients who received G/P for failures of prior treatment more than once is unknown. Twenty patients, who were exposed to glecaprevir 300 mg/d and pibrentasvir 120 mg/d for 12 weeks in failures of prior DAAs regimens were evaluated for sustained virological response at 12 weeks after the end of treatment (SVR12). The overall rate of SVR12 was 100%, based on intention‐to‐treat analysis. Five patients infected with genotype 1b, who received G/P for failures of prior treatment more than once, were analyzed for the evolution of RAVs in NS5A region. All of the five patients exhibited SVR12, regardless of the numbers of times of prior treatment (more than once), prior treatment response (nonresponse), and fibrosis stage (FIB‐4 index ≥ 3.25). At the commencement of G/P, all five patients were detected with NS5A RAVs at the position of aa 93. Four patients, except for one, were detected with RAVs at both positions of aa 31 and aa 93 (double mutation). All patients could achieve SVR12 with G/P, regardless of the emergence of NS5A RAVs, accompanied by failure to prior NS5A regimens more than once. In conclusion, our study indicated that G/P was a potentially useful salvage treatment for patients who failed prior DAAs regimens more than once.
Characteristics and Outcomes of Adult Inpatients With Malnutrition
Authors: Vest Michael T. , Papas Mia A. , Shapero Mary , McGraw Patty , Capizzi Amanda , Jurkovitz Claudine 
Published: August 2018

AbstractBackgroundThe diagnosis of malnutrition remains controversial. Furthermore, it is unknown if physician diagnosis of malnutrition impacts outcomes. We sought to compare outcomes of patients with physician diagnosed malnutrition to patients recognized as malnourished by registered dietitians (RDs), but not physicians, and to describe the impact of each of 6 criteria on the diagnosis of malnutrition.MethodsWe conducted a retrospective cohort study of adult patients identified as meeting criteria for malnutrition. Pediatric, psychiatric, maternity, and rehabilitation patients were excluded. Patient demographics, clinical data, malnutrition type and criteria, nutrition interventions, and outcomes were abstracted from the electronic medical record.ResultsRDs identified malnutrition for 291 admissions during our study period. This represents 4.1% of hospital discharges. Physicians only diagnosed malnutrition on 93 (32%) of these cases. Physicians diagnosed malnutrition in 43% of patients with a body mass index <18.5 but only 26% of patients with body mass index higher than 18.5. Patients with a physician diagnosis had a longer length of stay (mean 14.9 days vs 7.1 days) and were more likely to receive parenteral nutrition (PN) (20.4% vs 4.6%). Of the patients, 62% had malnutrition due to chronic illness. Of the 6 criteria used to identify malnourished patients, weight loss and reduced energy intake were the most common.ConclusionsMalnutrition is underrecognized by physicians. However, further research is needed to determine if physician recognition and treatment of malnutrition can improve outcomes. The most important criteria for identifying malnourished patients in our cohort were weight loss and reduced energy intake.
Glycemic Effects of a Low‐Carbohydrate Enteral Formula Compared With an Enteral Formula of Standard Composition in Critically Ill Patients: An Open‐Label Randomized Controlled Clinical Trial
Authors: van Steen Sigrid C. , Rijkenberg Saskia , Sechterberger Marjolein K. , DeVries J. Hans , van der Voort Peter H.J. 
Published: August 2018

AbstractBackgroundEnteral low‐carbohydrate formulas (LCFs) could serve as a noninsulin alternative for the treatment of stress hyperglycemia in critically ill patients. We compared the glycemic effects of an LCF with a standard formula.MethodsWe conducted an open‐label randomized trial in patients admitted to our intensive care unit between September 2015 and June 2016. Adult patients with an indication for enteral nutrition were randomized to an LCF (Glucerna 1.5 kcal) or a standard enteral formula (Fresubin Energy Fibre, with additional protein supplement). Primary outcome was glucose variability defined as mean absolute glucose (MAG) change (mmol/L/h). Secondary outcomes were mean glucose, time in target, hypoglycemic and hyperglycemic events, and insulin requirements. We assessed glycemic outcomes per blinded continuous glucose monitoring (CGM) system and compared outcomes with glucose measurements per blood gas analysis and point‐of‐care device.ResultsWe randomized 107 patients (LCF: n = 53; standard: n = 54). Six patients had no CGM data, leaving 101 patients (n = 52; n = 49) for the intention‐to‐treat analysis. MAG change and time in target range were not different between groups. LCF gave a lower mean glucose measured per point‐of‐care device (7.8 ± 1.0 vs 8.4 ± 1.1 mmol/L, P = .007). LCF patients required significantly less insulin on the second study day (46.8 vs 68.0 IU, P = .036).ConclusionLCF showed a trend toward a modestly reduced mean glucose and significantly lower insulin requirements as compared with standard feeding but had no effect on glucose variability or time in target range.
Temporal Bone Histopathology of X‐linked Inherited Alport Syndrome
Authors: Ungar Omer J. , Nadol Joseph B. , Santos Felipe 
Published: August 2018

ObjectiveTo describe the histopathologic findings within the human cochlea in X‐linked Alport syndrome.Study DesignHistopathologic analysis of cellular elements within the human cochlea by light microscopy.Materials and MethodsA right and a left cochleae of a man with genetically confirmed X‐linked Alport syndrome was studied post‐mortem. The temporal bones underwent standard processing for histologic examination. The slides were examined by light microscopy. Graphic reconstruction of the cochlea was performed to quantify hair cells, pathologic changes of the stria vascularis, and loss of cochlear neuronal cells.ResultsThere was severe loss of inner hair cells and all three rows of outer hair cells in the apical two turns of the cochlea. The stria vascularis and spiral ligament showed areas of marked loss which became more prominent from base to apex in each ear. The spiral ganglion cell count in the Rosenthal's canal exhibited loss of 20% to 45% compared to matched historical controls. There was a zone of separation between the organ of Corti and the basilar membrane extending along the basal surface of Deiters cells, Hensen cells, Claudius cells and external sulcus cells. The tunnel of Corti and the space of Nuel were filled with cellular elements along the cochlea.ConclusionThe histopathologic findings of cochlear involvement in Alport's syndrome are basement membrane separation from the cells of the organ of Corti, outer and inner hair cell loss, and cellular infilling of the tunnel and extracellular spaces of the organ of Corti. These observations contribute to our understanding of the mechanism of sensorineural hearing loss in these patients.Level of Evidence
Is There a Difference in Staging and Treatment of Head and Neck Squamous Cell Tumors Between Tertiary Care and Community‐Based Institutions?
Authors: Akkina Sarah R. , Kim Roderick Y. , Stucken Chaz L. , Pynnonen Melissa A. , Bradford Carol R. 
Published: August 2018

ObjectiveTo characterize the differences in the staging and treatment of patients with head and neck squamous cell carcinoma between a tertiary care center and community‐based practices.MethodsThis study is a retrospective chart review of 943 adult patients with head and neck squamous cell cancer presenting to a tertiary care center between 2008 and 2014 as part of the University of Michigan Head and Neck Cancer Specialized Program of Research Excellence (UM HN‐SPORE) database. Demographic information, diagnostic testing, staging information, and treatment recommendations were recorded.ResultsOf 943 patients reviewed, 159 had documentation of tumor stage that was assigned by the community‐based practice. Of these, 53% had a tumor staging change made at the tertiary care center, with 43% of patients upstaged and 10% of patients downstaged. Fifty‐one percent received different treatment than had previously been offered at the community‐based practice, although only 31% of these patients had a change in tumor staging.ConclusionOver half of patients with head and neck squamous cell carcinoma who are evaluated at a tertiary care center after the initial evaluation at a community‐based practice have their tumors staged differently, with the majority upstaged. A significant number of these patients also received different treatment than was initially offered at the referring practice. Future studies are required to determine whether these differences have an effect on tumor recurrence and patient survival rates.Level of Evidence2c (Outcomes Research).
Facile Synthesis of Ladder‐Type Polyacenes with Perylene‐Fused‐Pyrene Structures
Authors: Hu Chaoying , Chen Weiping , Yao Haicui , Ren Xiaojie , Zhang Hailei , Zhao Hongchi , Wu Yonggang , Ba Xinwu 
Published: August 2018

AbstractLadder‐type polyacene (FP2) and model compounds (1c and 2c) with perylene‐fused‐pyrene structures are achieved in high yields by using a Pd(PPh3)2Cl2‐catalyzed Suzuki reaction followed by cyclization with FeCl3. The obtained model compounds and polyacene display desirable solubility in commonly used solvents and high thermal stability. Fluorescence peak at 614 nm is observed in diluted CH2Cl2 solution containing polyacene. Furthermore, the as‐prepared model compound (2c) and polyacene (FP2) are employed as acceptors in bulk‐heterojunction (BHJ) solar cells with PTB7‐Th as electrodonor cells. The 2c‐based solar cell demonstrates a power conversion efficiency of 3.25%.