bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The job search dilemma: good vs right
Authors: Palmer Noel F. , Luthans Kyle W. , Olson Jeffrey S. 
Published: September 2018

Synopsis
Desai, a College Student, faced a job search dilemma. Desai applied for two internships – one with a company known for a good culture, Strategic Carrier Logistics (SCL), the other with Thijs Marketing, a company in an industry more familiar and desirable to Desai. After a number of recruitment interactions with both companies, Desai received an offer from SCL and was given two days to decide. Unsure whether Thijs Marketing would make an offer, Desai considered accepting the offer from SCL, but reneging if Thijs eventually offered a job.

Research methodology
The case was developed from primary sources, where “Desai’s” first-hand experience in searching for a job provides the true account of the events noted in the case. The names and demographic information for individuals were changed.

Relevant courses and levels
This case study is appropriate for graduate and undergraduate courses in organizational behavior (i.e. decision-making), human resources management (i.e. employee recruitment), and business ethics (i.e. ethical decision-making).
Quality of life of elderly tobacco farmers in the perspective of agricultural nursing: a qualitative study
Authors: Susanto Tantut , Widayati Nur 
Published: September 2018

Purpose
The purpose of this paper is to explore the meaning of quality of life of elderly tobacco farmers in the perspective of agricultural nursing.

Design/methodology/approach
This was a qualitative study with a descriptive phenomenological design conducted in rural area of Jember from November until December 2013. Seven elderly tobacco farmers participated in this study by purposive sampling technique. Data were collected through semi-structured in-depth interview and analyzed by using a qualitative descriptive method.

Findings
Six themes emerged from data analysis included physical condition, psychological condition, activity level, social relationships, environmental condition and worship activities.

Practical implications
The role of agricultural health nurses should be optimized to improve quality of life of elderly farmers by promoting the health status of elderly farmers and the health of workplace environment.

Originality/value
Elderly tobacco farmers reported decreased health and decreased energy and vitality. Tobacco farming was considered giving heavy workload, especially during harvest season. Participants were still actively participating in activities conducted in the community and eagerly doing worship activities. The environment conditions were described as the easiness of transportation, affordability of health care facilities, safe environment and tobacco storage effects during harvest season.
Polymorphisms in P53 and VEGFA genes in different subtypes of periorbital hyperpigmentation in a Malaysian Chinese population
Authors: Amini Farahnaz , Thazin Oo Naw May , Okechukwu Patrick Nwabueze , Seghayat Marjan Sadat , Ng Edmond Siah Chye 
Published: September 2018

AbstractBackground/ObjectivesThe unknown pathogenesis of periorbital hyperpigmentation makes its treatment difficult. Existing evidence links p53 and VEGFA genes with skin hyperpigmentation. This study was aimed at (i) identifying the clinical pattern of periorbital hyperpigmentation; and (ii) detecting the presence of VEGFA and P53 single nucleotide polymorphism (SNPs) in different subtypes of periorbital hyperpigmentation in Malaysian Chinese.MethodsA cross‐sectional study was conducted among Malaysian Chinese. Clinical assessments were performed, and medical history was collected. Three regions of p53 and two of VEGFA were amplified by PCR followed by direct sequencing using saliva‐extracted DNA.ResultsEighty‐four participants were recruited (average age 22.2 years). In the majority (n = 62), both eyelids were affected. Facial pigmentary, demarcation lines, tear trough and eye bags were not observed. Mixed (pigmented–vascular) was the most common subtype. Thirteen SNPs were found, nine of which are new. Only three out of 13 SNPs showed significant association with periorbital hyperpigmentation presentation. TA genotype in rs1437756379 (p53) was significantly more prevalent among participants with mixed subtype (P = 0.011) while AC genotype in rs1377053612 (VEGFA) was significantly more prevalent among pigmented subtype (P = 0.028). AA genotype in rs1479430148 (VEGFA) was significantly associated with allergic rhinitis in mixed subtype (P = 0.012).ConclusionMixed subtype was the most prevalent type of periorbital hyperpigmentation in the study population. Three polymorphisms in p53 and VEGFA genes were statistically linked with different clinical presentations of periorbital hyperpigmentation.
Second rate or a second chance? Assessing biomass and biodiversity recovery in regenerating Amazonian forests
Authors: Lennox Gareth D. , Gardner Toby A. , Thomson James R. , Ferreira Joice , Berenguer Erika , Lees Alexander C. , Mac Nally Ralph , Aragão Luiz E. O. C. , Ferraz Silvio F. B. , Louzada Julio , Moura Nárgila G. , Oliveira Victor H. F. , Pardini Renata , Solar Ricardo R. C. , Vaz‐de Mello Fernando Z. , Vieira Ima C. G. , Barlow Jos 
Published: September 2018

AbstractSecondary forests (SFs) regenerating on previously deforested land account for large, expanding areas of tropical forest cover. Given that tropical forests rank among Earth’s most important reservoirs of carbon and biodiversity, SFs play an increasingly pivotal role in the carbon cycle and as potential habitat for forest biota. Nevertheless, their capacity to regain the biotic attributes of undisturbed primary forests (UPFs) remains poorly understood. Here, we provide a comprehensive assessment of SF recovery, using extensive tropical biodiversity, biomass, and environmental datasets. These data, collected in 59 naturally regenerating SFs and 30 co‐located UPFs in the eastern Amazon, cover >1,600 large‐ and small‐stemmed plant, bird, and dung beetles species and a suite of forest structure, landscape context, and topoedaphic predictors. After up to 40 years of regeneration, the SFs we surveyed showed a high degree of biodiversity resilience, recovering, on average among taxa, 88% and 85% mean UPF species richness and composition, respectively. Across the first 20 years of succession, the period for which we have accurate SF age data, biomass recovered at 1.2% per year, equivalent to a carbon uptake rate of 2.25 Mg/ha per year, while, on average, species richness and composition recovered at 2.6% and 2.3% per year, respectively. For all taxonomic groups, biomass was strongly associated with SF species distributions. However, other variables describing habitat complexity—canopy cover and understory stem density—were equally important occurrence predictors for most taxa. Species responses to biomass revealed a successional transition at approximately 75 Mg/ha, marking the influx of high‐conservation‐value forest species. Overall, our results show that naturally regenerating SFs can accumulate substantial amounts of carbon and support many forest species. However, given that the surveyed SFs failed to return to a typical UPF state, SFs are not substitutes for UPFs.
HMQ‐T‐B10 induces human liver cell apoptosis by competitively targeting EphrinB2 and regulating its pathway
Authors: Dai Bingling , Shi Xianpeng , Ma Nan , Ma Weina , Zhang Yanmin , Yang Tianfeng , Zhang Jie , He Langchong 
Published: September 2018

AbstractHepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is a highly prevalent cancer worldwide and it is necessary to discover and develop novel preventive strategies and therapeutic approaches for HCC. Herein, we report that EphrinB2 expression is correlated with liver cancer progression. Moreover, by using phosphorylated proteomics array, we reveal a pro‐apoptosis protein whose phosphorylation and activation levels are up‐regulated upon EphrinB2 knockdown. These results suggest that EphrinB2 may act as an anti‐apoptotic protein in liver cancer cells. We also explored the therapeutic potential of HMQ‐T‐B10 (B10), which was designed and synthesized in our laboratory, for HCC and its underlying mechanisms in vitro and in vivo. Our data demonstrate that B10 could bind EphrinB2 and show inhibitory activity on human liver cancer cells. Moreover, induction of human liver cancer cell apoptosis by B10 could be augmented upon EphrinB2 knockdown. B10 inhibited HCC cell growth and induced HCC cell apoptosis by repressing the EphrinB2 and VEGFR2 signalling pathway. Growth of xenograft tumours derived from Hep3B in nude mice was also significantly inhibited by B10. Collectively, these findings highlight the potential molecular mechanisms of B10 and its potential as an effective antitumour agent for HCC.
Validity of the Manchester Triage System in emergency patients receiving life‐saving intervention or acute medical treatment—A prospective observational study in the emergency department
Authors: Gräff Ingo , Latzel Benjamin , Glien Procula , Fimmers Rolf , Dolscheid‐Pommerich Ramona C. 
Published: September 2018

AbstractRationale, aims, and objectivesThe spectrum of cases seen by emergency departments ranges from minor illnesses or injuries to complex diseases with high mortality. Some patients require life‐saving interventions (LSIs) or therapeutic treatment for an acute illness to prevent an expected imminent life‐threatening condition immediately upon arrival. No published study has evaluated the validity of the Manchester Triage System (MTS) in the context of immediate LSI or acute emergency treatment (AET).MethodsThe definition of LSI was based on a literature search. AET was defined by an expert panel based on current emergency guidelines and diagnostic guideline recommendations. In a 4‐month observation period, an independent external observer documented all executed LSIs or AETs using a checklist. Sensitivity, negative predictive value, likelihood ratio negative (LR−), and accuracy of MTS triage level for the identification of patients receiving an LSI or AET were calculated.ResultsIn 1762 patients, 40 (2.3%) LSIs and 89 (5.1%) AETs were observed. In the LSI group, sensitivity of MTS was 75.0%, negative predictive value (NPV) was 99.2% (95% CI: 98.7%‐99.6%), LR− was 0.303 (95% CI: 0.189‐0.487) and accuracy (ACC) was 98.5% (95% CI: 97.8%‐98.9%). In the AET group, sensitivity was 82.0%, NPV was 98.9% (95% CI: 98.1%‐99.3%), LR− was 0.206 (95% CI: 0.132‐0.322), and ACC was 86.5% (95% CI: 84.9%‐88.1%).ConclusionThe MTS is a valid instrument for a first assessment of emergency patients in critical condition upon arrival.
Estimate of future blood demand in Japan and the number of blood donations required
Authors: Kano Chiharu , Takanashi Minoko , Suzuki Asami , Kawahara Kazuo , Chiba Koichi , Nakanishi Hideo , Takamatsu Junki , Kitai Akiko , Takahashi Koki 
Published: September 2018

Background and ObjectivesAn ageing population is an important factor for future blood demand estimates, but there are other factors that will affect transfusion medicine. To meet the demand, donor population changes must be considered.Materials and MethodsA survey was conducted at 672 medical institutions across the country on the prospects of progress in medical technology, prospects in medical systems, patient populations, etc., and this was translated to blood product usage estimates for 2022 and 2027. Using our 2016 data for blood collection, processing and supply, we calculated the necessary number of blood donations to fulfil the future demand. Future donation rates were calculated using the rates of change from 2011 to 2016 for each age group.ResultsPredicted demand for blood products in 2022 compared to 2016 showed slight increases of 1·6% for RBC and 3·0% for PC, but a 0·3% decrease in FFP. The 2027 demand compared to 2016 was predicted to decrease 1·3% for RBC, 0·2% for PC and 3·6% for FFP. The eligible donor populations for 2022 and 2027 were forecast at 2 741 574 (99·3% of 2016) and 2 677 711 (97·0%), respectively. The required donation numbers were calculated as 4 851 968 (100·5% of 2016) and 4 767 676 (98·7%) for 2022 and 2027. We need to increase the donation frequency per donor from 1·75 in 2016 to 1·77 in 2022 and 1·78 in 2027.ConclusionBecause of medical practice changes, the demand‐donation discrepancy was not large for 2022 and 2027. We need to continue evaluating our practices and blood usage.
Functional Transcriptomics for Bacterial Gene Detectives
Authors: Perez-Sepulveda Blanca M. , Hinton Jay C. D. 
Published: September 2018

ABSTRACT

Developments in transcriptomic technology and the availability of whole-genome-level expression profiles for many bacterial model organisms have accelerated the assignment of gene function. However, the deluge of transcriptomic data is making the analysis of gene expression a challenging task for biologists. Online resources for global bacterial gene expression analysis are not available for the majority of published data sets, impeding access and hindering data exploration. Here, we show the value of preexisting transcriptomic data sets for hypothesis generation. We describe the use of accessible online resources, such as SalComMac and SalComRegulon, to visualize and analyze expression profiles of coding genes and small RNAs. This approach arms a new generation of “gene detectives” with powerful new tools for understanding the transcriptional networks of
Salmonella
, a bacterium that has become an important model organism for the study of gene regulation. To demonstrate the value of integrating different online platforms, and to show the simplicity of the approach, we used well-characterized small RNAs that respond to envelope stress, oxidative stress, osmotic stress, or iron limitation as examples. We hope to provide impetus for the development of more online resources to allow the scientific community to work intuitively with transcriptomic data.
Neonatal outcomes following new reimbursement limitations on palivizumab in Italy
Authors: Belleudi Valeria , Trotta Francesco , Pinnarelli Luigi , Davoli Marina , Addis Antonio 
Published: September 2018

ObjectiveTo evaluate the impact of new reimbursement decisions for palivizumab treatment on respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) hospitalisations and the concomitant number of palivizumab prescriptions for infants aged <2 years.DesignWe compared the RSV hospitalisation rates in infants before and after implementation of new limitations during three RSV seasons 2014–2017.SettingPopulation aged <2 years at the beginning of each RSV seasons extracted from regional health systems (Lazio region, 2016, 5 898 124 inhabitants and 47 595 births).PatientsOut of 70 323 infants, 5895 (8.4%) premature babies (gestational age (GA) <37 weeks) were followed before-after Italian Medicines Agency (AIFA)-2016 limitations.InterventionIn 2016, AIFA, following the American Academy of Pediatrics guidelines, decided to limit coverage of palivizumab prophylaxis (GA ≤29 weeks).Main outcomes measuresTrend of hospitalisations by months and rate of RSV before-after new restrictions were analysed. Palivizumab prescriptions and costs for National Health Service (NHS) were considered.ResultsIn a population of 284 902 aged <2 years, the number of hospitalisations due to RSV infection was 1729. Following AIFA-2016 limitations, a reduction in the number of RSV infection-based hospitalisations from 6.3/1000 (95% CI 6.0 to 6.7) to 5.5/1000 (95% CI 5.0 to 5.9) was observed. Palivizumab showed a concomitant reduction of 48% in the number of prescriptions (saving €750 000 for the NHS). No differences of GA, age on admission or severity of RSV infection were observed.ConclusionsImplementation of the new palivizumab reimbursement criteria was not associated with an increase in the RSV hospitalisation rate for children aged <2 years despite a significant reduction in the number of palivizumab prescriptions.
High-frequency oscillatory ventilation with volume guarantee: a single-centre experience
Authors: Belteki Gusztav , Morley Colin J 
Published: September 2018

ObjectiveHigh-frequency oscillatory ventilation (HFOV) is widely used in neonatology. The Dräger Babylog VN500 ventilator offers volume-guaranteed HFOV (HFOV-VG) mode when the high-frequency tidal volume (VThf) to be delivered can be set. We investigated how HFOV-VG maintains VThf in the short and longer term and how it affects other ventilator parameters and blood gases.MethodsWe downloaded ~3.2 million seconds (36.7 days) of ventilator data from 17 infants ventilated using HFOV-VG during clinical care with 1 Hz sampling rate. To process and analyse the data, we used the Python computer language.ResultsOverall, the median VThf was 1.93 mL/kg (IQR 1.64–2.45 mL/kg). The difference between set and delivered tidal volume was <0.2 mL/kg for 83% of time. In the individual recordings, the median VThf ranged between 1.44 and 3.31 mL/kg. During HFOV-VG, the VThf varied from 1 second to another, but it was very close to the target value when averaged over 5 min periods. After weight correction, the VThf or the diffusion coefficient of carbon dioxide (DCO2) showed weak inverse correlation with partial pressure of CO2(pCO2) (for VThf, r=−0.162, 95% CI −0.282 to –0.037, p=0.01). Uncorrected values showed no correlation. Of the 53 blood gas measurements taken when VThf was >2.5 mL/kg, there were only six (11%) with a pCO2 >8 kPa.ConclusionsDuring HFOV-VG, the tidal volume of oscillations varies in the short term but is maintained very close to the target over the longer term. VThf or DCO2 have poor correlation with CO2 levels but a volume of >2.5 mL/kg VThf is rarely needed.
Integration of HIV and reproductive health services in public sector facilities: analysis of client flow data over time in Kenya
Authors: Birdthistle Isolde J , Fenty Justin , Collumbien Martine , Warren Charlotte , Kimani James , Ndwiga Charity , Mayhew Susannah 
Published: September 2018

IntroductionIntegration of HIV/AIDS with reproductive health (RH) services can increase the uptake and efficiency of services, but gaps in knowledge remain about the practice of integration, particularly how provision can be expanded and performance enhanced. We assessed the extent and nature of service integration in public sector facilities in four districts in Kenya.MethodsBetween 2009 and 2012, client flow assessments were conducted at six time points in 24 government facilities, purposively selected as intervention or comparison sites. A total of 25 539 visits were tracked: 15 270 in districts where 6 of 12 facilities received an intervention to strengthen HIV service integration with family planning (FP); and 10 266 visits in districts where half the facilities received an HIV-postnatal care intervention in 2009–2010. We tracked the proportion of all visits in which: (1) an HIV service (testing, counselling or treatment) was received together with an RH service (FP counselling or provision, antenatal care, or postnatal care); (2) the client received HIV counselling.ResultsLevels of integrated HIV-RH services and HIV counselling were generally low across facilities and time points. An initial boost in integration was observed in most intervention sites, driven by integration of HIV services with FP counselling and provision, and declined after the first follow-up. Integration at most sites was driven by temporary rises in HIV counselling. The most consistent combination of HIV services was with antenatal care; the least common was with postnatal care.ConclusionsThese client flow data demonstrated a short-term boost in integration, after an initial intervention with FP services providing an opportunity to expand integration. Integration was not sustained over time highlighting the need for ongoing support. There are multiple opportunities for integrating service delivery, particularly within antenatal, FP and HIV counselling services, but a need for sustained systems and health worker support over time.Trial registration numberNCT01694862
Inclusion of LGBTQ persons in research related to pregnancy risk: a cognitive interview study
Authors: Ingraham Natalie , Wingo Erin , Roberts Sarah C M 
Published: September 2018

IntroductionRecently, researchers have begun considering whether and how to include lesbian, gay, bisexual, transgender and queer (LGBTQ) people in research about abortion and contraception care. Including LGBTQ people in research about abortion and contraception care, as well as the risk for unintended pregnancy more broadly, requires accurate assessment of risk for unintended pregnancy, which involves different considerations for LGBTQ people.MethodsWe created a survey with existing sexual orientation and gender identity measures, new reproductive anatomy questions to guide skip patterns, gender neutral terminology in sexual and behavioural risk questions, and existing contraception and pregnancy intentions questions that were modified to be gender neutral. We then assessed the appropriateness of these measures through cognitive interviews with 39 individuals aged 18–44 years who were assigned female at birth and identified as LGBTQ. Participants were recruited in the San Francisco Bay Area of California, Baltimore, Maryland and other cities.ResultsExisting demographic questions on sexual orientation and gender identity were well received by participants and validating of participant reported identities. Participants responded positively to new reproductive anatomy questions and to gender neutral terminology in sexual behaviour and pregnancy risk questions. They felt skip patterns appropriately removed them out of inappropriate items (eg, use of contraception to avoid unintended pregnancy); there was some question about whether pregnancy intention measures were widely appropriate or should be further restricted.ConclusionsThis study provides guidance on ways to appropriately evaluate inclusion of LGBTQ people in abortion and contraception research.
Do all HEART Scores beat the same: evaluating the interoperator reliability of the HEART Score
Authors: Niven William G P , Wilson David , Goodacre Steve , Robertson Alexander , Green Samira Jane , Harris Tim 
Published: September 2018

BackgroundPatients presenting with chest pain represent a significant proportion of attendances to the ED. The History, ECG, Age, Risk Factors and Troponin (HEART) Score is validated for the risk stratification of suspected ischaemic chest pain within the ED. The goal of this research was to establish the interoperator reliability of the HEART Score as performed in the ED by different grades of doctor and nurse.MethodologyPatients with suspected ischaemic chest pain presenting to the ED of an inner city, London Hospital, were recruited prospectively between January and May 2016. Patients that had been enrolled in the study were interviewed by clinicians from four different categories: senior doctor, junior doctor, senior nurse and junior nurse. Clinicians, blinded to other raters’ results, calculated the HEART Scores for each patient with the assistance of a pocket-sized HEART Score card. The intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC) was calculated as the primary measure of reliability. 120 patients were required to achieve a desired power of 80%.Results88 complete comparisons were obtained. There were no significant differences between the distributions of HEART Scores for each clinician group (p=0.95). The ICC for the overall HEART Score was 0.91 (95% CI 0.87 to 0.93). The ICC for troponin and age were ‘1’, for ‘history’ 0.41 (95% CI 0.30 to 0.52), ‘ECG’ 0.64 (95% CI 0.54 to0.73) and ‘risk factors’ 0.84 (95% CI 0.79 to 0.89).ConclusionThis study demonstrates very strong overall interoperator reliability between the four groups of clinicians studied. This suggests that the HEART Score is reproducible when used by different professional groups and grade of clinician.