bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The Prognostic Value of Circulating Tumor Cells in Primary Breast Cancer Prior to any Systematic Therapy: A Systematic Review
Authors: Mansouri Sepideh , Mokhtari-Hesari Parisa , Naghavi-al-Hosseini Fatemeh , Majidzadeh-A Keivan , Farahmand Leila 
Published: March 2019

Background:Numerous studies have defined the outstanding role of circulating tumor cells (CTC) in the management of cancer, particularly the ones in association with primary tumor metastases.Objective:The overall aim of the present study was to investigate whether CTCs may serve as a clinical prognostic marker for survival in primary breast cancer.Methods:Articles Published from June 2011 to July 2017 in PubMed, EMBase, and Cochrane library databases were thoroughly screened for selecting the ones meeting the inclusion criteria.Results:Studies applying CellSearch® method demonstrated the risk ratios (RR) of 2.51 (95% CI: 1.78- 3.54), 3.98 (95% CI: 2.28- 6.95), 5.59 (95% CI: 3.29- 9.51), and 3.38 (95% CI: 1.88- 6.06) for death rate and relapse rates of 2.48 (95% CI: 1.89 - 3.26), 3.62 (95% CI: 2.37 - 5.51), 4.45 (95% CI: 2.94 - 6.73), and 2.88 (95 % CI: 1.99 - 4.17) at four CTC positive cut points (≥ 1, ≥ 2, ≥ 3, and ≥ 5 CTCs/7.5 ml). Two studies applying the AdnaTest® also documented increased death (RR: 1.38, 95 % CI: 0.42- 4.49) and relapse rates (RR: 2.97, 95 % CI: 1.23 - 7.18)).Conclusion:Results of this meta-analysis allude CTCs as potent prognostic markers in primary breast cancers prior to any systemic therapy especially when it is studied via CellSearch® administration, considering that the more the CTCs, the greater the death and relapse rates.
Effects of a Novel Barley-Based Formulation on Allergic Rhinitis: A Randomized Controlled Trial
Authors: Derakhshan Alireza , Khodadoost Mahmood , Ghanei Mostafa , Gachkar Latif , Hajimahdipour Homa , Taghipour Ali , Yousefi Jaleh , Khoshkhui Maryam , Azad Farahzad J. 
Published: March 2019

Objective:
Current treatment options for Allergic Rhinitis (AR) may have their own limitations
and side effects. This study aimed to investigate the effects of Ma-al-Shaeer (MS), a novel natural
formulation based on Hordeum vulgare, in the treatment of AR compared with Fexofenadine (FX).

Methods:
A total of 77 patients with AR were divided into two groups: MS group (n=38) and FX
group (n=39). The first group received 15 g of dried MS powder, and the second group received 60 mg
of FX twice daily for 14 days. At baseline (week zero) and after the 14-day treatment period (week
two), both groups were evaluated for sneezing, rhinorrhea, nasal congestion, nasal itching, post nasal
drip, eye, throat, or ear symptoms, headache, cough, mental function, quality of life scores, blood
eosinophil count and total IgE levels. Rhinitis control assessment tests were conducted at week zero
and again at one week after cessation of treatment (week three) in both groups.

Results:
All symptoms of AR except cough were significantly reduced in both groups; for nasal congestion,
post nasal drip, and headache, the MS treatment was found to be superior. Rhinitis control was
significantly increased after treatment in both groups (p value < 0.001). Both drugs significantly reduced
total IgE levels. There was no significant change in eosinophil count in either group.

Conclusion:
MS formulation based on H. vulgare may be an effective treatment for AR. Further studies
are needed to confirm the effect of MS as an alternative treatment in AR.
Assessment of Genotoxicity of Levosimendan in Human Cultured Lymphocytes
Authors: Rababa'h Abeer M. , Khabour Omar F. , Alzoubi Karem H. , Al-momani Dua'a , Ababneh Mera 
Published: March 2019

Background and Objective:
Levosimendan is a positive inotropic and a vasodilator agent
with pleotropic characteristics that include antioxidation, anti-inflammation and smooth muscle vasodilation.

Methods:
In this study, the effects of levosimendan (0, 0.1, 1, 10, and 20 µg/ml) on oxidative DNA
damage and sister-chromatid exchanges (SCEs) were evaluated in human cultured lymphocytes.

Results:
The results showed that levosimendan increased the frequency of SCEs in all examined concentrations
(P<0.01) except for 0.1 µg/ml. On the other hand, levosimendan did not induce oxidative
DNA damage as measured by the 8-OHdG biomarker (P > 0.05). In addition, neither mitotic arrest nor
proliferation index was affected by levosimendan at all examined doses (P > 0.05).

Conclusion:
In conclusion, levosimendan might be associated with increases in sister-chromatid exchanges
in cultured human lymphocytes. In vivo studies are required to confirm the present findings.
Mesalazine Activates Adenosine Monophosphate-activated Protein Kinase: Implication in the Anti-inflammatory Activity of this Anti-colitic Drug
Authors: Park Heejung , Kim Wooseong , Kim Dayoon , Jeong Seongkeun , Jung Yunjin 
Published: March 2019

Objective:Mesalazine, 5-aminosalicylic acid (5-ASA), is an anti-inflammatory drug that is most widely used for the treatment of Inflammatory Bowel Disease (IBD). Despite extensive clinical use, the exact pharmacological mechanism underlying the anti-colitic effects of 5-ASA has not yet been elucidated. A potential molecular mechanism underlying 5-ASA-mediated anti-colitic activity was investigated.Methods:An anti-inflammatory pharmacology of 5-ASA was scrutinized in human colon carcinoma cells and murine macrophages and in a TNBS-induced rat colitis model.Results:5-ASA induced phosphorylation of adenosine monophosphate-activated protein kinase (AMPK) and its substrate acetyl-CoA carboxylase in cells. 5-ASA activation of AMPK occurred regardless of the presence of the pro-inflammatory mediators, Tumor Necrosis Factor Alpha (TNF-α) and lipopolysaccharide. 5-ASA inhibits TNF-α-dependent Nuclear Factor-Kappa B (NF-κB) activation, which was dampened by AMPK inhibition. Oral gavage of sulfasalazine (a colon-specific prodrug of 5- ASA) or rectal administration of 5-ASA ameliorated 2,4,6-trinitrobenzene sulfonic acid (TNBS)- induced rat colitis and activated AMPK in the inflamed colonic tissues while markedly diminishing the levels of NF-κB-regulated pro-inflammatory mediators cyclooxygenase-2, inducible nitric oxide synthase, and cytokine-induced neutrophil chemoattractant-3, elevated by the induction of inflammation. Rectal co-administration of 5-ASA and an AMPK inhibitor undermined 5-ASA-mediated activation of AMPK and its anti-colitic effects.Conclusion:These findings suggest that the activation of AMPK is involved in 5-ASA-mediated anticolitic effects at least partly via interference with pro-inflammatory NF-κB signaling.
Penetapan Kadar Nikotin dan Karakteristik Ekstrak Daun Tembakau (Nicotiana tabacum L.)
Authors: Alegantina Sukmayati 
Published: March 2019

Abstrak
Nikotin merupakan senyawa utama yang terdapat dalam tembakau, dimana nikotin termasuk salah satu zat berbahaya yang ada dalam rokok. Nikotin diabsorpsi dengan cepat dari paru-paru ke dalam darah. Bahaya dari nikotin yang terberat antara lain dapat merangsang pembentukan kanker. Selain itu nikotin mempunyai aktifitas yang menguntungkan yaitu sebagai antimikroba. Adanya himbauan dari Kementerian Pertanian dalam buku Pestisida Nabati, diharapkan pada suatu saat nanti Indonesia mampu berswasembada pestisida (Pesticides Self Sufficiency) sehingga tidak bergantung lagi kepada negara-negara besar penghasil pestisida kimia sintetis. Penelitian dilakukan dengan pengujian pendahuluan secara eksperimen laboratorium yang dilakukan tahun 2016 untuk menentukan kadar nikotin secara GC MS dan karakteristik ekstrak yang nantinya sebagai acuan untuk menentukan mutu ekstrak daun tembakau. Karakteristik ekstrak yang diuji adalah kadar air, berat jenis, cemaran mikroba yaitu angka kapang khamir (AKK), angka lempeng total (ALT) dan most probable number (MPN) Coliform. Hasil pengujian ekstrak daun tembakau diperoleh kadar nikotin: 3,14%, kadar air: 42,41%, berat jenis (BJ): 1,19 g/ml, AKK: 9,0x101, ALT: 8,0x101 dan MPN Coliform: < 2. Ekstrak daun tembakau yang diuji memenuhi persyaratan cemaran mikroba terhadap AKK, ALT, dan MPN Coliform
Kata kunci: nikotin, karakteristik, ekstrak, daun tembakau
Abstract
Nicotine is the main compound in tobacco, where it is one of dangerous substances in cigarettes. It is absorbed fast from lungs to blood. Another danger of nicotine is it can stimulate the forming of cancer cells. However, nicotine has beneficial activity by acting as an antimicrobial. An urge from Ministry of Agriculture in Pestisida Nabati book, expects that Indonesia can be self-supporting in producing pesticide so Indonesia can no longer dependent with big countries that produce synthetic chemical pesticides. Therefore, a preliminary experimental laboratory testing conducted in 2016 to determine nicotine content by GC MS and extract characteristics which later as a reference to determine the quality extract. Characteristics of extract test are water content, specific gravity, microbial contamination, yeast figures, total plate number and MPN Coliform. From the tobacco leaf extract testing, nicotine content obtained was: 3.14%, moisture content: 42.41%, specific gravity: 1.19 g/ml, total mold and yeast count: 9.0x101, total plate count: 8.0x101 and MPN Coliform: <2. Tobacco leaf extract meets the requirements for microbial contamination of yeast figures, total plate number, and MPN Coliform.
Keywords: nicotine, characteristics, extract, tobacco leaf
Faktor yang Berpengaruh terhadap Pemanfaatan Fasilitas Pelayanan Kesehatan Swasta
Authors: Siahaan Selma 
Published: March 2019

Abstrak
Studi terhadap faktor yang berpengaruh terhadap pemanfaatan fasyankes swasta dengan analisis lanjut terhadap data Riskesdas 2013 diikuti oleh studi kualitatif yaitu wawancara mendalam terhadap pengguna layanan rawat jalan di 7 fasilitas pelayanan kesehatan swasta masing-masing 5 orang di Kota Tangerang. Tujuan studi ini adalah untuk mengetahui faktor yang berpengaruh terhadap pemanfaatan fasyankes swasta. Kerangka konsep mengikuti kerangka Green L, yaitu melakukan penilaian terhadap faktor predisposing, enabling dan reinforcing. Hasilnya adalah faktor yang berpengaruh signifikan terhadap pemanfaatan fasyankes swasta adalah usia, pekerjaan, kepemilikan asuransi dan untuk penyakit TB paru, diabetes, hepatitis dan hipertensi. Hasil studi kualitatif memperlihatkan faktor yang berpengaruh terhadap pemanfaatan fasyankes swasta tidak berbeda dengan hasil analisis lanjut, yaitu: jarak (akses) dan kepemilikan asuransi kesehatan. Studi ini merekomendasikan bahwa pemerintah perlu intens mendorong peningkatan kualitas fasyankes baik fasyankes pemerintah maupun swasta agar sama-sama memenuhi ekspektasi dan kebutuhan masyarakat dan juga pengaturan, distribusi dan pembinaan terhadap fasyankes swasta.
Kata kunci: fasyankes, rawat jalan, asuransi kesehatan, Riskesdas 2013
Abstract
It has been conducted study about factors influencing the utilization of private health facilities by further analyses towards Riskesdas 2013 data and followed by qualitative study i.e in-depth interviewed on outpatients in 7 private health care facilities that 5 people respectively in Tangerang city. The aim of this study was to find out factors that influence significantly to the utilization of private health services facilities. Conceptual framework followed Green L concept that is assessment to predisposing, enabling dan reinforcing factors. The results was that ages, occupation and having health insurance were factors that influencing significantly to th the utilization. In addition, TB pulmonary, diabetes, hepatitis and hypertension diseases was also significant. The qualitative study showed factors that influence the utilization of private health services facilities were not far different with the results of further study of Riskesdas 2013 i.e. access (distance) and having health insurance. This study recommended that government should push intensively the improvement of quality health services in public and private health facilities to fulfilled expectation and need of people. In addition, the Government should also continuing to regulate and to guidance private health facilities.
Keywords: health services facilities, outpatients, health insurance, Riskesdas 2013
PENGEMBANGAN MODUL MATEMATIKA 3 DENGAN MODEL NHT UNTUK MENINGKATKAN PRESTASI BELAJAR MAHASISWA PGSD UNIVERSITAS PGRI YOGYAKARTA
Authors: Danuri Danuri 
Published: March 2019

Abstract: This research aims to produce learning media in the form of mathematics module 3 with cooperative learning type numbered head together (NHT) to improve student learning achievement of PGSD in response aspect. students towards developed Modules. This research is a Research and Development (R&D) which using ADDIE (Analyze, Design, Development, Implementation, and Evaluation) model with Math Module 3 product using cooperative learning type numbered head together (NHT). The development process was done by several stages of analysis, design, development, implementation, and evaluation. The development model used is a procedural development model, which is a descriptive model, outline the steps to be followed to produce the product. The results showed the quality of Mathematics Module 3 with cooperative learning type numbered head together (NHT) in good category with the percentage of idealization of 73.06% with the detail of content feasibility component in both category with the percentage of 71,39% of the idealization, the linguistic component in good category with the percentage of 74.55% of the idealization, and so are the components of the presentation in either category with an ideal percentage of 74.76%. Response to this module belongs to the category of positive responses with a score of 63.69 from the ideal maximum score of 80. Based on the post-test value, Mathematics 3 module with cooperative learning type numbered head together (NHT) has been successful in improving learning achievement by post-test score of 77.09.
Perspectives on the Social Legislation in the City of Matara: An Analytical Study
Authors: Okab Fathia Hussen 
Published: March 2019

The author in this paper introduces a new reading for the legislative inscription of the city of Matara, an inscription known in literature as (Mafray/Qutra1), which contains three legislations that were put in place by its people and that concern with regulating their social lives. The paper primarily aims at discussing researcher's views of this legislature and their previous readings of the inscription and attempts to present a new reading of it focusing on new meanings for some debated words mentioned in it. This new reading is based on the understanding of the general context of the social history of southern Arabia.
Mechanisms for Making Planning Decisions in Women's Charities in Riyadh and the Role of Administrative Board Members: An Applied Study
Authors: Alssanad Hassa A. 
Published: March 2019

The current study aimed at a scientific objective that is to determine the role of the members of the boards of directors of charitable societies in making planning decisions at different stages in women charity societies in Riyadh. It also aimed at a practical goal that is reaching a theoretical knowledge framework that enables decision makers, specialists, and experts to identify 1) the importance of the participation of the members of the boards of directors of charitable societies in making planning decisions; 2) the planning capabilities of the members of the boards of directors of charitable societies needed to play their role in making planning decisions; 3) examine the role of the members of the boards of charitable societies in the different stages of decision-making; and explore the mechanisms for activating their role in planning decisions for women charities in Riyadh. The nature of the study is descriptive and analytical, using the comprehensive social survey method for the analysis of the members of the boards of the women's charities in Riyadh. The study used the Statistical Package Program (SPSS No. 17) in the statistical analysis of the questionnaire for members of the boards of directors of these associations. Scientific and practical results were reached by answering its questions. Based on the theoretical framework, a number of recommendations were suggested.
Aberrant Response Patterns on the Jordanian Version of Otis–Lennon Test and their Impact on the Accuracy of Estimating a Person's Ability and Information Function
Authors: Bani Ata Zaid S. 
Published: March 2019

This study aimed at investigating the aberrant response patterns and their impacts on the Jordanian version Otis- Lennon as well as the accuracy in the estimation of a person's' ability and information function test. To achieve this goal, the Jordanian version of the Ability Test primary II level form K was administrated to 568 first-grade male and female students of Ajloun district public schools during 2016/2017. The Lz person fit index and the three-parameter logistic model were used to analyze students' responses to test items to assess the person ability, information function test, and to detect aberrant response patterns. The results revealed that the response patterns of 56 students were aberrant based on Lz index; also the results showed that the factors responsible for the presence of this aberrant response were: guessing, cheating, laziness, and exponential creatively. The results indicated that when the aberrant patterns were excluded, both the accuracy person's estimating ability and the information function test had significantly increased at different ability levels.
Frequência cardíaca e modulação autonômica do coração de pré-adolescentes obesos antes, durante e após curto Programa de Treinamento Aeróbio
Authors: Paschoal Mario Augusto , Baroni Neves Flávia , De Sousa Donato Bruno 
Published: March 2019

ObjetivoInvestigar se um curto programa de treinamento aeróbio poderia causar modifi cação na frequência cardíaca de repouso e alterações na modulação autonômica cardíaca de pré-adolescentes obesos.MétodosEstudo longitudinal que envolveu quinze crianças obesas sedentárias com idades entre 9 e 12 anos que foram submetidas a 12 sessões de treinamento aeróbio de 40 minutos, com intensidade equivalente a 65% da frequência cardíaca submáxima. Para a coleta dos dados de frequência cardíaca e da modulação autonômica cardíaca foram utilizados o monitor Polar S810i e o software Polar Precision Performance que analisa a variabilidade da frequência cardíaca. A análise estatística empregou-se o teste Anova, com nível de significância de p<0,05, para analisar os dados nos momentos pré, durante após o treinamento aeróbio. ResultadosOs valores medianos de frequência cardíaca de repouso foram: pré treinamento aeróbio = 89bpm, após 6 sessões = 95bpm e após 12 sessões = 87,5bpm; e do índice pNN50 da variabilidade da frequência cardíaca estudado para avaliar a modulação autonômica cardíaca, mostrou: pré treinamento aeróbio = 4,95%; após 6 sessões = 3,45%, e após 12 sessões = 11,5%. O índice razão Baixa Frequência/Alta Frequência da Variabilidade da Frequência Cardíaca no domínio da frequência mostrou os seguintes valores: pré Treinamento Aeróbio = 1,28, após seis sessões = 1,22, e após 12 sessões = 0,87. Todos os valores dos índices analisados no estudo não se modificaram significativamente com o treinamento aeróbio.ConclusãoO treinamento aeróbio de curta duração (12 sessões), na intensidade em que foi aplicado, não foi suficiente para promover significativa redução da frequência cardíaca de repouso e alterações no padrão da modulação autonômica cardíaca.
Vertical Connections on the Construction Market
Authors: Marichova Aneta 
Published: March 2019

Abstract
The specificity of construction as an economic activity and of the construction product (goods and services) determine the existence of a complex vertical chain of links, involving different actors, which they perform simultaneously the function of the buyer of the product from a previous participant and vendor product to the next participant. In practice, this means that in every unit of the vertical chain construction firm as a buyer of resources and services can be monopsony or oligopsony, on the other hand as the seller of the created product may be in the role of a monopoly or oligopoly on the market. The aim of the study is the analysis the model of a bilateral monopoly on the resource and product market, the conditions of equilibrium and the behavior of the construction firm at the entrance and the exit, taking into account the specificities of different segments of the construction market.
Localized Irrigation System for Thuja Orientalis in Intensive Culture
Authors: Stănescu Mădălina , Buta Constantin , Mihai Geanina , Roșu Lucica 
Published: March 2019

Abstract
In order to increase the competitiveness of an agricultural holding through the efficient use of the production factors, the modernization of an agricultural farm was carried out by exending the existing greenhouse with at least 700m2 for the intensive cultivation of ornamental plants - Thuja Orientalis. The material is produced by initiating crops in pots, with seedlings grown in pots or transplanting them in pots right after the first year of the multiplication and growing them in containers, appropriate to their size, until reaching their full value. From a technical point of view, reaching the objective will also be possible through a localized irrigation system.
Evaluasi Toleransi Genotipe Kacang Hijau terhadap Cekaman Salinitas
Authors: , Trustinah , Taufiq Abdullah , Iswanto Dan Rudi 
Published: March 2019

Salinity has become a serious problem in the production of food crops in Indonesia, especially in coastal areas. Mungbeans is one of commodities which can be grown in coastal areas during the dry season. Research to evaluate tolerance of mungbean genotypes to salinity stress was conducted on saline soil (EC 11.4 dS m-1) at Lohgung Village, Brondong Sub District, Lamongan District during dry season May-July in 2016. A 100 of mungbean genotypes were evaluated using a randomized block design, replicated twice. The majority of the genotypes (82%) were categorized between sensitive to very sensitive to salinity stress. All of the genotypes grew normally to generative phase and produced 2-9 pods per plant with seed yield ranged 0.04-0.60 ton ha-1. The tolerant genotypes had higher plant height, stover weight, and yield than the sensitive genotypes. Six genotypes indicated as very tolerant to salinity stress (EC: 9.24 to 15.06 dS m-1) i.e., MLG 1065/Vima1-279, MMC 464c-gt-4-0-3, MMC 678-8c-gt-5, Vima 1/MLG 1065-286, MLG 1065/Vima1-276 and Vima1/Sampeong//Vima1-249. Seven genotypes indicated as tolerant to salinity stress i.e., Vima1/MLG1065-290, MLG1065/Vima1-272, MLG1065/Vima1-274, Vima1/MLG 1065-287, Vima1/MLG 1065-276, MMC 267c-mn-1-1-11, and VIMA 1/MLG 1065-288. These selected genotypes were potential to be developed into new mungbean variety tolerant to salinity.Keywords: electrical conductivity, growth, yield, selection, Vigna radiata