bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Titlatehtemozceh huan titlayoltilizceh ica tomacehualtlahtol huan tomacehualtlallamicca: ¿queniuhqui titequitizceh?
Authors: de la Cruz Abelardo 
Published: November 2024

AbstractIpan cempohualli hueyixihuicahuitl huan naman tonatiuh coyomeh tlen zancapahueli tlalli quichiuhtihualtoqueh tlatehtemoliztli zan ica inintlallamiquiliz campa moixnextihtihualtoc nahuatlahtolli huan macehualtlallamiccayotl. Pan ni amatlahcuilolli nizaniloa queniuhqui macehualmeh tlen naman tiquittah inintequiuh coyomeh tlatehtemoanih tlen tlahcuiloah ica macehualtlallamiccayotl, huan nouhquiya niquihtoa tlen monequi ticchihuazceh macehualmeh tlen Mexcotlalli pan tlatehtemoliztequitl tlen ica titlahtolyoltilizceh nahuatlahtolli. Nouhquiya nizaniloa ica quizaliztli campa ticcauhtehuah toaltepehuan huan quichihua ma tizanilocan ceyoc tlahtolli huan pehuah timoixpatlah. Ica totlamachtiliz tlen ticcuitoqueh naman, nizaniloa ica ce yancuic ohtli campa ticchihuazceh tlatehtemoliztli pan toaltepehuan. Na niquitta quemman macehualmeh ticchihuah ce tequitlatehtemoliztli, achtohui ticcalaquih tiquixmatih tomacehualtlallamicca ica toyoltlallamiquiliz campa timochomoniah ica tlahtolyoltiliztli. Temachtli ticchihuah tequitl ica totlahtol campa tictequihuiah tonantlahtol huan teipan ticpannextiah macehualtlamatiliztli ipan caltlamachtiloyan huan nouhquiya ipan toaltepehuan.
Not in the mood for party: Symptoms of depression reduce the weight of partisanship on vote choice
Authors: Bernardi Luca , Rico Guillem , Anduiza Eva 
Published: November 2024

AbstractIn this paper, we investigate whether symptoms of depression affect the relationship between partisanship—one of the most important predictors of electoral behavior—and vote choice. Building on research from mood and depressive realism, we argue that symptoms of depression reduce the association between the strength of partisanship and vote choice because depressed mood can lead to better, clearer thinking. We evaluate and find support for this hypothesis using survey data from Britain, Spain, and the Netherlands. Our findings improve our understanding of the political consequences of depression, one of the most prevalent mental health problems in contemporary democracies.
COI1‐mediated jasmonic acid signalling regulates mycorrhizal colonisation intensity and is an indispensable component of mycorrhiza‐induced resistance
Authors: Kadam Swapnil B. , Barvkar Vitthal T. 
Published: November 2024

AbstractHormonal signalling plays an elementary role in the regulation of plant‐microbe interactions. Jasmonic acid (JA) signalling is one of the major regulators that decides the fate of these interactions in plants. However, the role of JA is not unanimous and varies from neutral to positive or negative regulation. In the present study, we targeted SlCOI1, a key gene in JA signalling, by silencing (using artificial miRNA approach) and overexpressing constitutively in tomato transgenic hairy roots (HR) system. We developed in‐vitro colonisation of these hairy roots with model arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) Rhizophagus irregularis. The colonised HR exhibited a stronger induction of PAMPs‐triggered immunity (PTI) response and reactive oxygen species (ROS) homeostasis against Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. lycopersici (FOL). The ROS signalling key gene RBOH‐B and the PTI response marker genes LRR22 and PTI5 were expressed at an earlier stage and at a higher amplitude in the colonised HR, providing evidence for mycorrhiza‐induced resistance (MIR). Further, SlCOI1 silencing resulted in a higher degree of R. irregularis colonisation, while overexpression restricted its proliferation. Intriguingly, despite a higher degree of colonisation, the SlCOI1‐silenced HR lines manifested a weakened MIR compared to its control colonised HR line. This univocally indicates an indispensable role of COI1‐mediated JA signalling in MIR. This is one of the few studies conducted using in‐vitro AMF‐colonised HR system to understand how signalling events occurred during AMF colonisation and tripartite interactions, specifically MIR.
Assessing the Sustainability and Food Security Implications of Introduced Pangasianodon hypophthalmus (Sauvage, 1878) and Clarias gariepinus (Burchell, 1822) Into Indian Aquaculture: A OneHealth Perspective
Authors: Singh Atul K. 
Published: November 2024

ABSTRACTThe introduced striped catfish (Pangasianodon hypophthalmus, Sauvage, 1878) and North African catfish (Clarias gariepinus, Burchell, 1822) are popular choices in Indian aquaculture due to their high productivity and ease of management. Among all introduced non‐native fish species, catfish production is particularly notable, with P. hypophthalmus contributing 1.6 million metric tons (mmt) and C. gariepinus reaching 0.4 mmt. This paper examines the ecological, biodiversity, environmental, and disease concerns associated with the intensive aquaculture of the non‐native catfish species, using a OneHealth approach to assess sustainability. Generated information on biological plasticity, resource competition, genetic interactions, invasion risks, biodiversity impacts, food safety, and disease risks in extensive aquaculture of non‐native catfish are presented. A risk assessment (RA) was performed using an Excel–based developed module having 28 attributes and rated on a scale of 1 to 5. The results indicated significant risks, particularly for C. gariepinus, which had a risk score of 116 out of total 140 response points obtained from 65 farmers, manifesting 82.85% risk. In comparison, P. hypophthalmus had a response score of 85, displaying 60.71% risk. The findings suggest that C. gariepinus poses a higher ecological risk than P. hypophthalmus, primarily due to poorly controlled aquaculture practices, inadequate biosecurity, and insufficient regulatory measures. To tackle these issues, it is recommended that stringent policy with clear regulatory framework on the OneHealth approach will ascertain safe interconnectedness of aquaculture, environment, fish, and human health while improving the biosafety of non‐native catfish aquaculture practices safeguarding human health, fish populations, and overall ecosystem health.
Invariant Manifolds in a Class‐Structured Model From Adaptive Dynamics
Authors: Popović Nikola 
Published: November 2024

ABSTRACTWe consider a family of structured population models from adaptive dynamics in which cells transition through a number of growth states, or classes, before division. We prove the existence and global asymptotic stability of invariant (‘resident') manifolds in that family; furthermore, we re‐derive conditions under which scarce mutants can invade established resident populations, and we show the existence of corresponding ‘invasion’ manifolds that are obtained as critical manifolds under the additional assumption that resident has attained quasi‐steady state, which induces a separation of scales. Our analysis is based on standard phase space techniques for ordinary differential equations, in combination with the geometric singular perturbation theory due to Fenichel.
Thermal Convection in a Linearly Viscous Fluid Overlying a Bidisperse Porous Medium
Authors: Dondl P. , Straughan B. 
Published: November 2024

ABSTRACTA bidisperse porous medium is one with two porosity scales. There are the usual pores known as macropores but also cracks or fissures in the skeleton which give rise to micropores. In this article, we develop and analyze a model for thermal convection where a layer of viscous incompressible fluid overlies a layer of bidisperse porous medium. Care has to be taken with the boundary conditions at the interface of the fluid and the porous material, and this aspect is investigated. We propose two Beavers–Joseph conditions at the interface and we argue that the parameters in these relations should be different since they depend on the macro or micro permeability, and these parameters are estimated from the original experiments of Beavers and Joseph. The situation is one in a layer which is heated from below and under appropriate conditions bimodal neutral curves are found. These can depend on the relative permeability between the macro and micropores, the Beavers–Joseph conditions appropriate to the macro or micropores, the ratio of the depth of the fluid layer to the depth of the porous layer, or generally the nature of the bidisperse medium.
Analysis of the quadruple lsu mutant reveals molecular determinants of the role of LSU proteins in sulfur assimilation in Arabidopsis
Authors: Piotrowska Justyna , Wawrzyńska Anna , Olszak Marcin , Krzyszton Michal , Apodiakou Anastasia , Alseekh Saleh , Ramos José María López , Hoefgen Rainer , Kopriva Stanislav , Sirko Agnieszka 
Published: November 2024

SUMMARYBecause plants are immobile, they have developed intricate mechanisms to sense and absorb nutrients, adjusting their growth and development accordingly. Sulfur is an essential macroelement, but our understanding of its metabolism and homeostasis is limited. LSU (RESPONSE TO LOW SULFUR) proteins are plant‐specific proteins with unknown molecular functions and were first identified during transcriptomic studies on sulfur deficiency in Arabidopsis. These proteins are crucial hubs that integrate environmental signals and are involved in the response to various stressors. Herein, we report the direct involvement of LSU proteins in primary sulfur metabolism. Our findings revealed that the quadruple lsu mutant, q‐lsu‐KO, which was grown under nonlimiting sulfate conditions, exhibited a molecular response resembling that of sulfur‐deficient wild‐type plants. This led us to explore the interactions of LSU proteins with sulfate reduction pathway enzymes. We found that all LSU proteins interact with ATPS1 and ATPS3 isoforms of ATP sulfurylase, all three isoforms of adenosine 5´ phosphosulfate reductase (APR), and sulfite reductase (SiR). Additionally, in vitro assays revealed that LSU1 enhances the enzymatic activity of SiR. These results highlight the supportive role of LSU proteins in the sulfate reduction pathway.
Effects of 0.024% latanoprostene bunod on intraocular pressure and pupil diameter in normal cats and cats with congenital glaucoma
Authors: Yang Vanessa Y. , Eaton J. Seth , Kiland Julie A. , Koch Kelly E. , Oikawa Kazuya , Hetzel Scott J. , McLellan Gillian J. 
Published: November 2024

AbstractObjectiveTo evaluate the effects of latanoprostene bunod on intraocular pressure (IOP) and pupil diameter (PD) in normal cats and cats with feline congenital glaucoma (FCG).Animals StudiedFive normal and 5 FCG cats.ProceduresThis masked, controlled crossover study comprised a 1‐day Pre‐treatment phase followed by two 10‐day Treatment phases, each followed by a 10‐day Recovery phase. During treatment, all cats received twice daily 0.005% latanoprost (LAT) or 0.024% latanoprostene bunod (LBN) in a randomized eye. Following Recovery, the same eye was treated with the opposite drug. Contralateral eyes served as saline‐treated controls. Intraocular pressure and PD measurements were performed three times daily during all study phases. Data were analyzed via constrained longitudinal data analysis models.ResultsNeither drug significantly reduced IOP in normal cats. In FCG cats, statistically significant reductions in mean (95% CI) IOP were observed relative to controls 4 h after LAT and LBN treatment (−5.5 mmHg [−8.4, −2.5], p < .001, −7.2 mmHg [−10.2, −4.3], p < .001, respectively). These differences represented 28.4% and 37.9% IOP reductions, respectively. Mean IOP reduction after 4 h was significantly greater with LBN treatment compared to LAT (−1.8 mmHg [−3.2, −0.4], p = .012). However, these IOP reductions were not considered clinically significant. Both drugs similarly reduced PD in normal and FCG cats.ConclusionsTransient IOP reduction was observed after topical administration of LAT and LBN in FCG cats; and mean IOP difference was statistically significantly greater in LBN‐treated eyes. However, the apparent enhanced hypotensive effect of LBN is not clinically significant.
Unveiling the role of melatonin‐related gene CSNK1D in osteoclastogenesis and its implications for osteoporosis treatment
Authors: Zhang Jiewen , Wu Shaobo , Xing Fangze , Kong Ning , Zhao Yiwei , Duan Xudong , Li Yiyang , Wang Kunzheng , Tian Run , Yang Pei 
Published: November 2024

AbstractOsteoporosis (OP) is a prevalent bone disease characterized by reduced bone density and quality, increasing fragility and fracture risk. Osteoclast (OC) activity and circadian rhythm play a role in the pathogenesis of OP. Melatonin is a circadian regulator that affects bone metabolism, but its molecular mechanism has not been studied in detail. This study aimed to identify the relationship between melatonin‐related genes and OP through bioinformatics methods and to verify it experimentally.We analysed microarray data from the GSE35959 dataset, identifying differentially expressed genes in OP patients. Circadian rhythm‐related genes and melatonin‐related genes intersect with these differentially expressed genes, highlighting that CSNK1D is a central gene. Functional enrichment, correlation and protein–protein interaction analyses were conducted. Experimental validation involved in vitro differentiation assays using RAW264.7 cells and in vivo studies with an ovariectomy‐induced rat model of OP to evaluate the role of CSNK1D in osteoclastogenesis to verify its effect on OP. Differential expression analysis revealed 272 significant genes, with CSNK1D identified as central to the circadian rhythm and to melatonin and OP interplay. Functional analyses showed involvement of CSNK1D in OC differentiation and inflammatory pathways. in vitro experiments confirmed CSNK1D upregulation during OC differentiation, and small interfering RNA‐mediated knockdown reduced OC marker expression and TRAP+ cell formation. in vivo, CSNK1D expression is associated with bone loss in OP rats. Melatonin‐related CSNK1D promotes OC differentiation and promotes the development of OP. These findings suggest CSNK1D as a potential therapeutic target for OP, offering insights into new treatment strategies integrating circadian rhythm regulation.
Ultrastructure and cardiac impulse propagation: scaling up from microscopic to macroscopic conduction
Authors: Qu Zhilin , Hanna Peter , Ajijola Olujimi A. , Garfinkel Alan , Shivkumar Kalyanam 
Published: November 2024

AbstractThe standard conception of cardiac conduction is based on the cable theory of nerve conduction, which treats cardiac tissue as a continuous syncytium described by the Hodgkin–Huxley equations. However, cardiac tissue is composed of discretized cells with microscopic and macroscopic heterogeneities and discontinuities, such as subcellular localizations of sodium channels and connexins. In addition to this, there are heterogeneities in the distribution of sympathetic and parasympathetic nerves, which powerfully regulate impulse propagation. In the continuous models, the ultrastructural details, i.e. the microscopic heterogeneities and discontinuities, are ignored by ‘coarse graining’ or ‘smoothing’. However, these ultrastructural components may play crucial roles in cardiac conduction and arrhythmogenesis, particularly in disease states. We discuss the current progress of modelling the effects of ultrastructural components on electrical conduction, the issues and challenges faced by the cardiac modelling community, and how to scale up conduction properties at the subcellular (microscopic) scale to the tissue and whole‐heart (macroscopic) scale in future modelling and experimental studies, i.e. how to link the ultrastructure at different scales to impulse conduction and arrhythmogenesis in the heart.
image
The N-terminus of the
Clostridioides difficile
transferase A component directs toxin activity and potency
Authors: Mullard Robin M. , Sheedlo Michael J. 
Published: November 2024

ABSTRACT

Clostridioides difficile
infection is the leading cause of antibiotic-associated, hospital-acquired diarrhea in the USA; the pathology of which is mediated by toxins. The presence of a toxin known as the
C. difficile
Transferase (CDT) in some clinical isolates is linked to severe symptoms including increased incidence of reinfection and higher rates of mortality. Despite its apparent importance to
C. difficile
pathology, a mechanistic model of how CDT intoxicates cells remains incomplete. Here, we describe a motif composed of acidic and basic residues (the KDKEK motif) that is essential for toxin function. Using Cryogenic Electron Microscopy (Cryo-EM), we highlight an orientation of the KDKEK motif wherein the acidic residues engage structures thought to play an important role during toxin delivery. We thus present a model wherein these interactions prime CDT for entry into host cells. We expect that this model can be extrapolated to other bacterial toxins to understand how they enter cells.

IMPORTANCE

Clostridioides difficile
is the leading cause of hospital-acquired infectious diarrhea in the USA. The pathology that accompanies infection is triggered by toxins produced by the bacterium. One of these, the
C. difficile
Transferase (CDT), has been associated with poorer patient outcomes, although a direct connection to CDT activity has remained elusive. Herein, we present new insight into the mechanism of CDT intoxication and define two regions of the toxin as important for its activity. Moreover, we have generated mutants of CDT that retain the ability to assemble but can no longer intoxicate host cells. In the future, we expect these mutants will serve as valuable tools to help elucidate the role of CDT during infection.
The role of morphological adaptability in
Vibrio cholerae
’s motility
Authors: Xu Jun , Abe Keigo , Kodama Toshio , Sultana Marzia , Chac Denise , Markiewicz Susan M. , Matsunami Hideyuki , Kuba Erika , Tsunoda Shiyu , Alam Munirul , Weil Ana A. , Nakamura Shuichi , Yamashiro Tetsu 
Published: November 2024

ABSTRACT

Vibrio cholerae,
the causative agent of cholera, displays remarkable adaptability to diverse environmental conditions through morphological changes that enhance its pathogenicity and influence the global epidemiology of the disease. This study examines the motility differences between filamentous and comma-shaped forms of the
V. cholerae
O1 strain under various viscosity conditions. Utilizing the El Tor strain, we induced filamentous transformation and conducted a comparative analysis with the canonical comma-shaped morphology. Our methodology involved assessing motility patterns, swimming speeds, rotation rates, kinematics, and reversal frequencies using dark-field microscopy and high-speed imaging techniques. The results show that filamentous
V. cholerae
cells retain enhanced motility in viscous environments, indicating an evolutionary adaptation for survival in varied habitats, particularly the human gastrointestinal tract. Filamentous forms exhibited increased reversal behavior at mucin interfaces, suggesting an advantage in penetrating the mucus layer. Furthermore, the presence of filamentous cells in bile-supplemented medium underscores their relevance in natural infection scenarios.

IMPORTANCE

This study highlights the enhanced motility of filamentous
Vibrio cholerae
in viscous environments, an adaptation that may provide a survival advantage in the human gastrointestinal tract. By demonstrating increased reversal behavior at mucin interfaces, filamentous
V. cholerae
cells exhibit a superior ability to penetrate the mucus layer, which is crucial for effective colonization and infection. Filamentous cells in bile-supplemented media further underscores their potential role in disease pathogenesis. These findings offer critical insights into the morphological flexibility of
V. cholerae
and its potential implications for infection dynamics, paving the way for more effective strategies in managing and preventing cholera outbreaks.
The two-component system ArlRS is essential for wall teichoic acid glycoswitching in
Staphylococcus aureus
Authors: Kuijk Marieke M. , Tusveld Emma , Lehmann Esther , van Dalen Rob , Lasa Iñigo , Ingmer Hanne , Pannekoek Yvonne , van Sorge Nina M. 
Published: November 2024

ABSTRACT

Staphylococcus aureus
is among the leading causes of hospital-acquired infections. Critical to
S. aureus
biology and pathogenesis are the cell wall-anchored glycopolymers wall teichoic acids (WTA). Approximately one-third of
S. aureus
isolates decorates WTA with a mixture of α1,4- and β1,4-
N
-acetylglucosamine (GlcNAc), which requires the dedicated glycosyltransferases TarM and TarS, respectively. Environmental conditions, such as high salt concentrations, affect the abundance and ratio of α1,4- and β1,4-GlcNAc WTA decorations, thereby impacting biological properties such as antibody binding and phage infection. To identify regulatory mechanisms underlying WTA glycoswitching, we screened 1,920
S
.
aureus
mutants (Nebraska Transposon Mutant Library) by immunoblotting for differential expression of WTA-linked α1,4- or β1,4-GlcNAc using specific monoclonal antibody Fab fragments. Three two-component systems (TCS), GraRS, ArlRS, and AgrCA, were among the 230 potential hits. Using isogenic TCS mutants, we demonstrated that ArlRS is essential for WTA β1,4-GlcNAc decoration. ArlRS repressed
tarM
expression through the transcriptional regulator MgrA. In bacteria lacking
arlRS
, the increased expression of
tarM
correlated with the absence of WTA β1,4-GlcNAc, likely by outcompeting TarS enzymatic activity. ArlRS was responsive to Mg
2+
, but not Na
+
, revealing its role in the previously reported salt-induced WTA glycoswitch from α1,4-GlcNAc to β1,4-GlcNAc. Importantly, ArlRS-mediated regulation of WTA glycosylation affected
S. aureus
interaction with the innate receptor langerin and lysis by β1,4-GlcNAc-dependent phages. Since WTA represents a promising target for future immune-based treatments and vaccines, our findings provide important insight to align strategies targeting
S. aureus
WTA glycosylation patterns during infection.

IMPORTANCE

Staphylococcus aureus
is a common colonizer but can also cause severe infections in humans. The development of antibiotic resistance complicates the treatment of
S. aureus
infections, increasing the need for antibiotic alternatives such as vaccines and therapies with bacterial viruses also known as phages. Wall teichoic acids (WTA) are abundant glycosylated structures of the
S. aureus
cell wall that have gained attention as a promising target for new treatments. Importantly, WTA glycosylation patterns show variation depending on environmental conditions, thereby impacting phage binding and interaction with host factors, such as antibodies and innate pattern-recognition receptors. Here, we show that the two-component system ArlRS is involved in the regulation of WTA glycosylation by responding to environmental changes in Mg
2+
concentration. These findings may support the design of new treatment strategies that target WTA glycosylation patterns of
S. aureus
during infection.