bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Black soybeans protect human keratinocytes from oxidative stress‐induced cell death
Authors: Yoon Young , Lee Yoon‐Mi , Song Sooji , Lee Yu Young , Yeum Kyung‐Jin 
Published: October 2018

AbstractBlack soybeans are functional foods containing a variety of bioactives such as isoflavones, carotenoids, tocopherols, phenolic acid as well as anthocyanins. Here, we examined whether Cheongja#3 black soybean extract has a protective effect on oxidative stress‐induced cell death in human keratinocytes HaCaT. First, we identified fat‐soluble bioactives in three varieties of soybean extracts (Saedanbaek, Daechan, and Cheongja#3). In particular, black soybean Cheongja#3 had high amounts of lutein than other varieties. We demonstrated that Cheongja#3 extract reduced intracellular reactive oxygen species levels in HaCaT cells. Furthermore, Cheongja#3 protected cells from hydrogen peroxide (H2O2)‐induced oxidative stress and triggered cell death determined by cell viabilities and apoptotic caspase activities. Next, we identified the underlying mechanism is due to increased Nrf2 antioxidant system by Cheongja#3, thus increasing the expression of heme oxygenases (HO)‐1. These results indicated that Cheongja#3 soybean extract has protective role against oxidative stress by upregulating the Nrf‐2 antioxidant system in human keratinocyte HaCaT cells.
Systematic review of efficacy with extending contraceptive implant duration
Authors: Thaxton Lauren , Lavelanet Antonella 
Published: October 2018

AbstractBackgroundExtending contraceptive implant duration of use increases accessibility by maximizing the lifetime of devices.ObjectivesTo review the contraceptive efficacy during extended use of progestin implants.Search strategyPubMed and EMBASE were searched for articles in any language, 1996–2017, utilizing terms for devices and contraceptive efficacy.Selection criteriaRandomized clinical trials (RCTs), cohort studies, and case–control studies were included; abstracts, posters, and presentations were excluded. Studies evaluating Norplant and implants currently in pre‐marketing trials were excluded.Data collection and analysisTitles and abstracts of articles were reviewed; those that met inclusion and exclusion criteria underwent full text review and data abstraction.Main resultsThe search identified 2951 articles; six met inclusion and exclusion criteria. Five studies evaluated the etonogestrel implant (Implanon), and one the levonorgestrel implant (Jadelle). One RCT randomized to method, not duration; the remaining studies were prospective cohort studies. Three studies analyzed efficacy among women beyond currently approved duration separately. All studies were of poor to fair quality by United States Preventative Services Task Force (USPTF) grading. Limitations include lack of generalizability and control of important confounders.ConclusionThese studies provide limited data for extended duration of contraceptive implants.
MiR302c, Sp1, and NFATc2 regulate interleukin‐21 expression in human CD4+CD45RO+ T lymphocytes
Authors: El‐Said Hassan , Fayyad‐Kazan Mohammad , Aoun Rabab , Borghol Nada , Skafi Najwa , Rouas Redouane , Vanhamme Luc , Mourtada Mohamad , Ezzeddine Mohamad , Burny Arsène , Fayyad‐Kazan Hussein , Badran Bassam 
Published: October 2018

AbstractInterleukin‐21 (IL‐21) is a cytokine with potent regulatory effects on different immune cells. Recently, IL‐21 has been contemplated for use in the treatment of cancers. However, the molecular mechanisms regulating human IL‐21 gene expression has not yet been described. In this study, we initially studied the promoter region and identified the transcription start site. We thereafter described the essential region upstream of the transcription start site and showed the in vivo binding of NFATc2 and SP1 transcription factors to this region, in addition to their positive role in IL‐21 expression. We also studied the role of microRNAs (miRNAs) in regulating IL‐21 expression. We, thus, established the miRNA profile of CD4+CD45RO+ versus CD4+CD45RA+ isolated from healthy volunteers and identified a signature composed of 12 differentially expressed miRNAs. We showed that miR‐302c is able to negatively regulate IL‐21 expression by binding directly to its target site in the 3′‐untranslated region. Moreover, after using fresh human CD4‐positive T cells, we observed the high acetylation level of histone H4, an observation well in line with the already described high expression of IL‐21 in CD4+CD45RO+ versus CD4+CD45RA+ T cells. Altogether, our data identified different molecular mechanisms regulating IL‐21 expression.
Pancreatic endocrine‐like cells differentiated from human umbilical cords Wharton’s jelly mesenchymal stem cells using small molecules
Authors: Belame Shivakumar Sharath , Bharti Dinesh , Baregundi Subbarao Raghavendra , Park Ju‐Mi , Son Young‐Bum , Ullah Imran , Choe Yong‐Ho , Lee Hyeong‐Jeong , Park Bong‐Wook , Lee Sung‐Lim , Rho Gyu‐Jin 
Published: October 2018

AbstractFollowing success of pancreatic islet transplantation in the treatment of Type I diabetes mellitus, there is a growing interest in using cell‐based treatment approaches. However, severe shortage of donor islets–pancreas impeded the growth, and made researchers to search for an alternative treatment approaches. In this context, recently, stem cell–based therapy has gained more attention. The current study demonstrated that epigenetic modification improves the in vitro differentiation of Wharton’s jelly mesenchymal stem cells (WJMSCs) into pancreatic endocrine‐like cells. Here we used two histone deacetylase (HDAC) inhibitors namely trichostatin A (TSA) and TMP269. TSA inhibits both class I and II HDACs whereas TMP269 inhibits only class IIa HDACs. WJMSCs were differentiated using a multistep protocol in a serum‐free condition with or without TSA pretreatment. A marginal improvement in differentiation was observed after TSA pretreatment though it was not significant. However, exposing endocrine precursor‐like cells derived from WJMSCs to TMP269 alone has significantly improved the differentiation toward insulin‐producing cells. Further, increase in the expression of paired box 4 (PAX4), insulin, somatostatin, glucose transporter 2 (GLUT2), MAF bZIP transcription factor A (MAFA), pancreatic duodenal homeobox 1 (PDX‐1), and NKX6.1 was observed both at messenger RNA and protein levels. Nevertheless, TMP269‐treated cells secreted higher insulin upon glucose challenge, and demonstrated increased dithizone staining. These findings suggest that TMP269 may improve the in vitro differentiation of WJMSCs into insulin‐producing cells.
Zic1 mRNA is transiently upregulated in subcutaneous fat of acutely cold‐exposed mice
Authors: Perugini Jessica , Bordoni Laura , Venema Wiebe , Acciarini Samantha , Cinti Saverio , Gabbianelli Rosita , Giordano Antonio 
Published: October 2018

AbstractIn the mammalian adipose organ cold exposure not only activates typical brown adipose tissue, but also induces browning, that is the formation of thermogenic multilocular adipocytes in white, or predominantly white, adipose depots such as subcutaneous fat. Unlike typical brown adipocytes, newly formed thermogenic adipocytes have been reported not to express the gene zinc finger of the cerebellum 1 (Zic1). Here, a time course approach enabled us to document a significant increase in
Zic1 messenger RNA in inguinal subcutaneous fat from acutely (24 hr) cold‐exposed mice, which was paralleled by an increase in multilocular and paucilocular uncoupling protein 1‐positive adipocytes and in parenchymal noradrenergic innervation. This transient, depot‐specific molecular signature was associated not to
Zic1 promoter demethylation, but to chromatin remodeling through an H3K9me3 histone modification. These findings challenge the notion that
Zic1 is exclusively expressed by typical brown adipocytes and suggest its involvement in brown adipocyte precursor differentiation and/or white‐to‐brown adipocyte transdifferentiation.
TRPM4 channel is involved in regulating epithelial to mesenchymal transition, migration, and invasion of prostate cancer cell lines
Authors: Sagredo Alfredo I. , Sagredo Eduardo A. , Pola Victor , Echeverría César , Andaur Rodrigo , Michea Luis , Stutzin Andrés , Simon Felipe , Marcelain Katherine , Armisén Ricardo 
Published: October 2018

AbstractTransient Receptor Potential Melastatin 4 (TRPM4) is a Ca2+‐activated and voltage‐dependent monovalent cation channel, which depolarizes the plasma cell membrane, thereby modulating Ca2+ influx across Ca2+‐permeable pathways. TRPM4 is involved in different physiological processes such as T cell activation and the migration of endothelial and certain immune cells. Overexpression of this channel has been reported in various types of tumors including prostate cancer. In this study, a significant overexpression of TRPM4 was found only in samples from cancer with a Gleason score higher than 7, which are more likely to spread. To evaluate whether TRPM4 overexpression was related to the spreading capability of tumors, TRPM4 was knockdown by using shRNAs in PC3 prostate cancer cells and the effect on cellular migration and invasion was analyzed. PC3 cells with reduced levels of TRPM4 (shTRPM4) display a decrease of the migration/invasion capability. A reduction in the expression of Snail1, a canonical epithelial to mesenchymal transition (EMT) transcription factor, was also observed. Consistently, these cells showed a significant change in the expression of key EMT markers such as MMP9, E‐cadherin/N‐cadherin, and vimentin, indicating a partial reversion of the EMT process. Whereas, the overexpression of TRPM4 in LnCaP cells resulted in increased levels of Snail1, reduction in the expression of E‐cadherin and increase in their migration potential. This study suggests a new and indirect mechanism of regulation of migration/invasion process by TRPM4 in prostate cancer cells, by inducing the expression of Snail1 gene and consequently, increasing the EMT.
Review of management strategies for orthostatic hypotension in older people
Authors: Godbole Gauri P. , Aggarwal Bhavna 
Published: October 2018

AbstractOrthostatic hypotension (OH) is common in older people and is associated with a range of adverse outcomes. Although age‐related changes like decreased baroreflex sensitivity make older people prone to OH, medications are often a contributor. Diagnosis of OH can be challenging in older people, because the condition may present with atypical or non‐specific symptoms, such as visual disturbances, shortness of breath, mental fluctuation. Non‐pharmacological management is often a starting point for OH treatment. Fludrocortisone and midodrine remain the most studied drugs for pharmacological management, but newer agents are being tested. In this review we present the current evidence for existing and emerging treatments for OH and address the management of supine hypertension associated with the treatment of OH in patients with autonomic failure. In the management of OH, it is imperative that treatment is tailored to the individual, rather than focusing on attaining an arbitrary blood pressure target.
Prosuming tourist information:Asking questions onTripAdvisor
Authors: Oriade Ade , Robinson Peter 
Published: October 2018

AbstractThis paper aims to improve our knowledge regarding types of queries raised by travellers on digital platforms by developing a model that helps in identifying and classifying such queries. Qualitative data collection and analysis of questions and answer postings of visitors on TripAdvisor forum of 10 U.K. destinations were used. Extracted data were analysed using NVivo11. Preliminary analysis identified basic themes in tourist information search. Further analysis indicated that two principal factors help in classifying online travel queries facilitating the development of the WOLF model. Findings in this study also indicate some practical implications and areas of further study.
In vitro metabolism of magnolol and honokiol in rat liver microsomes and their interactions with seven cytochrome P substrates
Authors: Huang Yu , Liu Chunming , Liu Shu , Liu Zhiqiang , Li Sainan , Wang Yueqi 
Published: October 2018

RationaleMagnolol and honokiol are the main active components of Magnolia officinalis Rehd. et Wils. The study of their interactions with liver microsomes is very important for the clinical safety of M. officinalis Rehd. et Wils.MethodsThe main metabolites of magnolol and honokiol in rat liver microsomes were investigated using ultrahigh‐performance liquid chromatography/mass spectrometry and their possible structures were identified. In addition, cytochrome P450 (CYP450) isoenzymes of the major rat metabolites of magnolol and honokiol were identified using a specific inhibitor.ResultsThis study suggests that the CYP2E1 subtype is responsible for the oxidation of magnolol and honokiol terminal double bonds to epoxy metabolites. CYP3A4 appears to be the major subtype responsible for further hydrolytic metabolism, while CYP1A2 may promote decarboxylation of the metabolites. CYP2A6 may be the main subtype responsible for the hydrogenation of magnolol (p < 0.05).ConclusionsThis study demonstrated that different CYP450 enzyme isoforms showed different activities in the in vitro metabolism of magnolol and honokiol in rat liver microsomes. It has certain practical applications in that we should pay attention to drug–drug interactions in clinical medications and also to drug–enzyme interactions.
A modified Ant Colony Optimization algorithm to solve a dynamic traveling salesman problem: A case study with drones for wildlife surveillance
Authors: Chowdhury Sudipta , Marufuzzaman Mohammad , Tunc Huseyin , Bian Linkan , Bullington William 
Published: October 2018

Abstract
This study presents a novel Ant Colony Optimization (ACO) framework to solve a dynamic traveling salesman problem. To maintain diversity via transferring knowledge to the pheromone trails from previous environments, Adaptive Large Neighborhood Search (ALNS) based immigrant schemes have been developed and compared with existing ACO-based immigrant schemes available in the literature. Numerical results indicate that the proposed immigrant schemes can handle dynamic environments efficiently compared to other immigrant-based ACOs. Finally, a real life case study for wildlife surveillance (specifically, deer) by drones has been developed and solved using the proposed algorithm. Results indicate that the drone service capabilities can be significantly impacted when the dynamicity of deer are taken into consideration.
Highlights Proposed a novel ACO-ALNS based metaheuristic. Four variants of the proposed metaheuristic is developed to investigate the efficiency of each of them. A real life case study mirroring the behavior of DTSP is developed.
Properties of vapor-deposited and solution-processed targets for laser-driven inertial confinement fusion experiments
Authors: Harding D.R. , Bonino M.J. , Sweet W. , Schoff M. , Greenwood A. , Satoh N. , Takagi M. , Nikroo A. 
Published: October 2018

Targets for low-adiabat direct-drive-implosion experiments on OMEGA must meet rigorous specifications and tight tolerances on the diameter, wall thickness, wall-thickness uniformity, and presence of surface features. Of these, restrictions on the size and number of defects (bumps and depressions) on the surface are the most challenging. The properties of targets that are made using vapor-deposition and solution-based microencapsulation techniques are reviewed.
Targets were characterized using confocal microscopy, bright- and dark-field microscopy, atomic force microscopy, electron microscopy, and interferometry. Each technique has merits and limitations, and a combination of these techniques is necessary to adequately characterize a target.
The main limitation with the glow-discharge polymerization (GDP) method for making targets is that it produces hundreds of domes with a lateral dimension of 0.7–2 μm. Polishing these targets reduces the size of some but not all domes, but it adds scratches and grooves to the surface. Solution-made polystyrene shells lack the dome features of GDP targets but have hundreds of submicrometer-size voids throughout the wall of the target; a few of these voids can be as large as ∼12 μm at the surface.
Arginine starvation kills tumor cells through aspartate exhaustion and mitochondrial dysfunction
Authors: Cheng Chun-Ting , Qi Yue , Wang Yi-Chang , Chi Kevin K. , Chung Yiyin , Ouyang Ching , Chen Yun-Ru , Oh Myung Eun , Sheng Xiangpeng , Tang Yulong , Liu Yun-Ru , Lin H. Helen , Kuo Ching-Ying , Schones Dustin , Vidal Christina M. , Chu Jenny C.-Y. , Wang Hung-Jung , Chen Yu-Han , Miller Kyle M. , Chu Peiguo , Yen Yun , Jiang Lei , Kung Hsing-Jien , Ann David K. 
Published: October 2018

AbstractDefective arginine synthesis, due to the silencing of argininosuccinate synthase 1 (ASS1), is a common metabolic vulnerability in cancer, known as arginine auxotrophy. Understanding how arginine depletion kills arginine-auxotrophic cancer cells will facilitate the development of anti-cancer therapeutic strategies. Here we show that depletion of extracellular arginine in arginine-auxotrophic cancer cells causes mitochondrial distress and transcriptional reprogramming. Mechanistically, arginine starvation induces asparagine synthetase (ASNS), depleting these cancer cells of aspartate, and disrupting their malate-aspartate shuttle. Supplementation of aspartate, depletion of mitochondria, and knockdown of ASNS all protect the arginine-starved cells, establishing the causal effects of aspartate depletion and mitochondrial dysfunction on the arginine starvation-induced cell death. Furthermore, dietary arginine restriction reduced tumor growth in a xenograft model of ASS1-deficient breast cancer. Our data challenge the view that ASNS promotes homeostasis, arguing instead that ASNS-induced aspartate depletion promotes cytotoxicity, which can be exploited for anti-cancer therapies.
High polarization degree of the continuum of comet 2P/Encke based on spectropolarimetric signals during its 2017 apparition
Authors: Kwon Y. G. , Ishiguro M. , Shinnaka Y. , Nakaoka T. , Kuroda D. , Hanayama H. , Takahashi J. , Baar S. , Saito T. , Kawabata M. , Uemura M. , Morokuma T. , Murata K. L. , Takagi S. , Morihana K. , Nagayama T. , Sekiguchi K. , Kawabata K. S. , Akitaya H. 
Published: October 2018

Context.Spectropolarimetry is a powerful technique for investigating the physical properties of gas and solid materials in cometary comae without mutual contamination, but only a few spectropolarimetric studies have been conducted to extract each component.Aims.We attempt to derive the continuum (i.e., scattered light from dust coma) polarization degree of comet 2P/Encke, free of the influence of molecular emissions. The target is unique in that its orbit is dynamically decoupled from Jupiter, like the main-belt asteroids, but it ejects gas and dust like ordinary comets.Methods.We observed the comet using the Hiroshima Optical and Near-Infrared Camera attached to the Cassegrain focus of the 150 cm Kanata telescope on UT 2017 February 21 when the comet was at the solar phase angle ofα= 75°.7.Results.We find that the continuum polarization degree with respect to the scattering plane isPcont, r= 33.8 ± 2.7% at the effective wavelength of 0.82μm, which is significantly higher than those of cometary dust in a high-Pmaxgroup at similar phase angles. Assuming that an ensemble polarimetric response of the dust of 2P/Encke as a function of phase angle is morphologically similar with those of other comets, its maximum polarization degree is estimated toPmax≳ 40% atαmax≈ 100°. In addition, we obtain the polarization degrees of the C2swan bands (0.51–0.56μm), the NH2αbands (0.62–0.69μm), and the CN-red system (0.78–0.94μm) in a range of 3–19%, which depend on the molecular species and rotational quantum numbers of each branch. The polarization vector is aligned nearly perpendicularly to the scattering plane with an average of 0°.4 over a wavelength range of 0.50–0.97μm.Conclusions.From the observational evidence, we conjecture that the high polarization degree of 2P/Encke might be attributable to a dominance of large dust particles around the nucleus, which have remained after frequent perihelion passages near the Sun.
Eating for Taste and Eating for Change: Ethical Consumption as a High-Status Practice
Authors: Huddart Kennedy Emily , Baumann Shyon , Johnston Josée 
Published: October 2018

AbstractUnder what conditions is ethical consumption a high-status practice? Using unique food consumption survey data on aesthetic and ethical preferences, we investigate how these orientations to food are related. Existing research on high-status food consumption points to the “foodie,” who defines good taste through aesthetic standards. And emergent evidence suggests the “ethical consumer,” whose consumption is driven by moral principles, may also be a high-status food identity. However, ethical consumption can be practiced in inexpensive and subcultural ways that do not conform to dominant status hierarchies (e.g., freeganism). In order to understand the complex cultural terrain of high-status consumption, we investigate how socioeconomic status (SES) is related to foodie and ethical consumer preferences and practices. Using a k-means cluster analysis of intercept survey data from food shoppers in Toronto, we identify four distinct clusters representing foodies, ethical consumers, ethical foodies, and those whose preferences involve neither aesthetic nor ethical ideals. Through multinomial logistic regression, we find that while high-status consumers can be foodies or ethical consumers, the highest status consumers prioritize ethical and foodie preferences. Respondents’ reported shopping locations corroborate the results of the regression analyses. The taste preferences of the highest status consumers are associated with culinary sophistication and moral considerations, suggesting that high cultural capital tastes incorporate aesthetic and ethical dimensions. These results contribute to literature examining how food consumption repertoires can produce and reinforce classed boundaries and to literature on tastes that has focused on aesthetics to the neglect of ethical ideals.