bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Interstage Outcomes in Infants With Single Ventricle Heart Disease Comparing Home Monitoring Technology to Three-Ring Binder Documentation: A Randomized Crossover Study
Authors: Bingler Michael , Erickson Lori A. , Reid Kimberly J. , Lee Brian , O’Brien James , Apperson Johnathan , Goggin Kathy , Shirali Girish 
Published: April 2018

Background: Interstage outcomes for infants with single ventricle remain suboptimal. We have previously described a tablet PC-based platform Cardiac High Acuity Monitoring Program (CHAMP) for remote monitoring which provides immediate access to data, videos, and instant alerts to our single ventricle care team. Methods: This study compares traditional three-ring binder monitoring (Binder) to CHAMP using a randomized crossover design to evaluate mortality, resource utilization, and caregiver experience. At discharge, all single ventricle infants were monitored using Binder and randomized to receive CHAMP at either one or two months postdischarge. One month after randomization, caregivers could choose either Binder or CHAMP for the remainder of the interstage period. Caregivers experience was recorded using surveys. Results: Enrollment included 31 single ventricle infants from May 2014 to June 2015. There was no interstage mortality over 4,911 total interstage days (median: 144/patient). Of 73 readmissions, 45 were unplanned. Of the initial 23 unplanned readmissions, 13 were found to have been based on data obtained exclusively through CHAMP (as instant alerts or based on data review) rather than caregiver concerns. Due to concerns regarding patient safety, additional enrollment was stopped. The CHAMP use was associated with significantly fewer unplanned intensive care unit days/100 interstage days, shorter delays in care, lower resource utilization at readmissions, and lower incidence of interstage growth failure and was preferred by a majority of caregivers. Conclusions: These findings suggest that CHAMP may offer benefits over Binder (improved interstage outcomes, delays in care, and caregiver experience). These findings should be tested across multiple centers in larger populations.
Factors Affecting the Achievement of a Patient-Acceptable Symptom State 1 Year After Anterior Cruciate Ligament Reconstruction: A Cohort Study of 343 Patients From 2 Registries
Authors: Hamrin Senorski Eric , Svantesson Eleonor , Beischer Susanne , Grassi Alberto , Krupic Ferid , Thomeé Roland , Samuelsson Kristian 
Published: April 2018

Background: There is insufficient knowledge regarding the influence of concomitant injuries on the recovery of short-term subjective knee function after anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) reconstruction. Purpose: To determine whether patient characteristics, concomitant injuries, and graft choice during ACL reconstruction can predict which patients achieve acceptable knee function 1 year after reconstruction. Study Design: Case-control study; Level of evidence, 3. Methods: Data from 1 physical therapist–specific and 1 surgeon-specific register were used. Patients who had completed the Knee injury and Osteoarthritis Outcome Score (KOOS) at 1-year follow-up were included. Additional intraoperative information was extracted from a database. The primary outcome was achieving a patient-acceptable symptom state (PASS) for each subscale of the KOOS. Univariable and multivariable logistic regression models were used, with patient sex, age, and preinjury level of physical activity as covariates. Results: A total of 343 patients (51% females) were included. The proportion of patients achieving PASS 1 year after ACL reconstruction varied between 40% and 85% among the KOOS subscales. Younger age at reconstruction and male sex provided favorable odds of achieving acceptable knee function across the KOOS subscales. Patients without cartilage injury had increased odds of achieving PASS in the KOOS sport and recreation subscale; the increase was 1.63-fold (95% CI, 1.01-2.64; P = .045). Patients receiving patellar tendon autograft had a 0.41-fold (95% CI, 0.19-0.85; P = .017) decrease in odds of achieving PASS on the KOOS quality of life (QoL) subscale. In the multivariable analysis, increased odds of achieving PASS on the KOOS QoL subscale were associated with the absence of meniscal injury (odds ratio, 1.62; 95% CI, 1.04-2.54; P = .035), and increased odds were found for hamstring tendon autograft (OR, 2.63; 95% CI, 1.25-5.56; P = .011). Conclusion: More than half of the patients reported an acceptable symptom state on 4 of the 5 KOOS subscales 1 year after ACL reconstruction. A lack of consistency was noted related to the effect of concomitant knee injuries and graft choice on acceptable knee function. However, younger age and male sex were favorable, nonmodifiable characteristics that increased the odds of early acceptable function.
Pharmacokinetics of Iodine and Fluoride following Application of an Anticaries Varnish in Adults
Authors: Lin Y.S. , Rothen M.L. , Milgrom P. 
Published: April 2018

Researchers have suggested that combining topical fluoride with an antiseptic to reduce cariogenic bacteria may be more effective than fluoride application alone in preventing dental caries. In previous studies, povidone iodine (PVP-I), a widely used bactericidal antiseptic, and sodium fluoride (NaF), used to foster remineralization of enamel, were applied sequentially topically and shown to be safe and effective. The study aim was to characterize the kinetics of iodine and fluoride following topical application of a single combination PVP-I and NaF anticaries varnish in healthy adults. Sixteen participants (aged 23 to 57 y) participated in a pharmacokinetics study following the application of 0.4 mL varnish containing 10% (w/v) PVP-I and 5% (w/v) NaF. Serum and urine samples were collected at various time points over 24 h following application of varnish. Iodine and fluoride concentrations were analyzed, and for each time point, baseline concentrations were subtracted from observed values. Following varnish application, 2 of 16 participants had nearly undetectable baseline-corrected iodine and fluoride levels, suggesting minimal absorption, lack of release of iodine and fluoride from the varnish, or inconsistent dosing. The average peak concentrations were 57 ± 33 ng/mL iodine and 60 ± 34 ng/mL (0.060 ± 0.034 ppm) fluoride and occurred within 3 h of application. The average elimination half-life was 5.5 ± 1.4 h and 3.1 ± 1.6 h for iodine and fluoride, respectively. Renal clearance of iodine and fluoride was similar to literature values. No adverse events related to the study varnish were observed by the investigative team or reported by the participants. In this study, serum fluoride and iodine transiently increased but were within normal range 24 h after application of the varnish. This study has shown that the combination of PVP-I and NaF in a proposed anticaries varnish was well tolerated. Knowledge Transfer Statement: This clinical study demonstrated that a dental varnish combining 10% (w/v) povidone iodine and 5% (w/v) sodium fluoride is well tolerated. Serum fluoride and iodine transiently increased but were within normal range after 24 h. Further studies should be conducted to assess the efficacy of a combination in preventing dental caries, especially in high-risk populations.
Secure Authentication-Management human-centric Scheme for trusting personal resource information on mobile cloud computing with blockchain
Authors: Kim Hyun-Woo , Jeong Young-Sik 
Published: April 2018

AbstractThe recent advances in information technology for mobile devices have increased the work efficiency of users, the mobility of compact mobile devices, and the convenience of location independence. However, mobile devices have limited computing power and storage capacity, so mobile cloud computing is being researched to overcome these limitations in mobile devices. Mobile cloud computing is divided into two methods: the use of external cloud services and the use of mobile resource management without a cloud server (MRM), which integrates the computing and storage resources of nearby mobile devices. Because mobile devices can freely participate in MRM, it is critical to have authentication technology to determine the correctness of information regarding resources. Conventional technologies require strong authentication techniques because they have vulnerabilities that can easily be tampered with via man-in-the-middle (MITM) attacks. This paper proposes the Secure Authentication Management human-centric Scheme (SAMS) to authenticate mobile devices using blockchain for trusting resource information in the mobile devices that are participating in the MRM resource pool. The SAMS forms a blockchain based on the resource information of the subordinate client nodes around the master node in the MRM. Devices in the MRM that have not been authorized through the SAMS cannot access or falsify data. To verify the SAMS for application with MRM, it was tested for data falsification by a malicious user accessing the SAMS, and the results show that data falsification is impossible.
An observational case study of hospital associated infections in a critical care unit in Astana, Kazakhstan
Authors: Viderman Dmitriy , Khamzina Yekaterina , Kaligozhin Zhannur , Khudaibergenova Makhira , Zhumadilov Agzam , Crape Byron , Azizan Azliyati 
Published: April 2018

Abstract
Background
Hospital Associated infections (HAI) are very common in Intensive Care Units (ICU) and are usually associated with use of invasive devices in the patients. This study was conducted to determine the prevalence and etiological agents of HAI in a Surgical ICU in Kazakhstan, and to assess the impact of these infections on ICU stay and mortality.

Objective
To assess the rate of device-associated infections and causative HAI etiological agents in an ICU at the National Research Center for Oncology and Transplantation (NRCOT) in Astana, Kazakhstan.

Methods
This retrospective, observational study was conducted in a 12-bed ICU at the NRCOT, Astana, Kazakhstan. We enrolled all patients who were admitted to the ICU from January, 2014 through November 2015, aged 18 to 90 years of age who developed an HAI.

Results
The most common type of HAI was surgical site infection (SSI), followed by ventilator-associated pneumonia (VAP), catheter-related blood stream infection (BSI) and catheter-associated urinary tract infection (UTI). The most common HAI was SSI with Pseudomonas aeruginosa as the most common etiological agent. The second most common HAI was VAP also with P. aeruginosa followed by BSI which was also associated with P. aeruginosa (in 2014) and Enterococcus faecalis, and Klebsiella pneumoniae (in 2015) as the most common etiological agents causing these infections.

Conclusion
We found that HAI among our study population were predominantly caused by gram-negative pathogens, including P. aeruginosa, K. pneumoniae, and E. coli. To our knowledge, this is the only study that describes ICU-related HAI situation from a country within the Central Asian region. Many developing countries such as Kazakhstan lack surveillance systems which could effectively decrease incidence of HAIs and healthcare costs for their treatment. The epidemiological data on HAI in Kazakhstan currently is underrepresented and poorly reported in the literature. Based on this and previous studies, we propose that the most important interventions to prevent HAI at the NRCOT and similar Healthcare Institutions in Kazakhstan are active surveillance, regular infection control audits, rational and effective antibacterial therapy, and general hygiene measures.
Substance use disorders and sexually transmitted infections: a public health perspective
Authors: Murali Vijaya , Jayaraman Sabitha 
Published: April 2018

SummaryIt has long been recognised that substance use disorders and sexually transmitted infections (STIs) are common comorbid conditions. It is clear that treating one condition while leaving the other leads to increased morbidity and mortality in this patient population. However, engaging patients in treatment is extremely challenging, which is a huge public health concern. This article focuses on various sexually transmitted infections seen in the substance misuse population and means of primary, secondary and tertiary prevention.Declaration of interestNone.Learning objectives•Be aware of the current extent of comorbidity between substance use disorders and STIs•Learn about primary, secondary and tertiary prevention of STIs in people with substance use disorders•Understand the links between high-risk sexual behaviour and illicit drug use, as shown by current evidence
We all know what we mean by treatment-resistant depression – don't we?
Authors: Anderson Ian M. 
Published: April 2018

SummaryAlthough in common use, treatment-resistant depression is unhelpful both conceptually and practically. In this issue a new term, multiple-therapy-resistant major depressive disorder, is proposed; although it may be useful in guiding treatment options for patients with persisting depression, it should not be an automatic trigger for further, more invasive treatments.Declaration of interestsI.M.A. has been a consultant for pharmaceutical companies developing and marketing antidepressants and has been an author on publications that have used the term treatment-resistant depression.
Population Pharmacokinetics of Periarticular Ketorolac in Adult Patients Undergoing Total Hip or Total Knee Replacement Surgery
Authors: Gurunathan Usha , Parker Suzanne L. , Maguire Richard , Ramdath Dale , Bijoor Manu , Wallis Steven C. , Roberts Jason A. 
Published: April 2018

BACKGROUND:Ketorolac tromethamine has been used for joint infiltration by the orthopedic surgeons as a part of postoperative multimodal analgesia. The objective of this study is to investigate the pharmacokinetic properties of S (−) and R (+) enantiomers of ketorolac in adult patients undergoing total hip (THA) and knee arthroplasty (TKA).METHODS:Adult patients with normal preoperative renal function received a periarticular infiltration of 30 mg of ketorolac tromethamine along with 100 mL of 0.2% ropivacaine and 1 mg of epinephrine at the end of their THA or TKA surgery. Blood samples were taken from a venous cannula at various time points after infiltration. Pharmacokinetic modeling was performed using PMetrics 1.5.0.RESULTS:From 18 participants, 104 samples were analyzed. The peak plasma concentration for S (−) ketorolac was found to be lower than that of R (+) ketorolac, for both THA (0.19–1.22 mg/L vs 0.39–1.63 mg/L, respectively) and TKA (0.28–0.60 mg/L vs 0.48–0.88 mg/L, respectively). The clearance of the S (−) ketorolac enantiomer was higher than R (+) ketorolac (4.50 ± 2.27 vs 1.40 ± 0.694 L/h, respectively).CONCLUSIONS:Our study demonstrates that with periarticular infiltration, S (−) ketorolac was observed to have increased clearance rate and highly variable volume of distribution and lower peak plasma concentration compared to R (+) ketorolac.
Contracts and Capacity Investment in Supply Chains
Authors: Davis Andrew M. , Leider Stephen 
Published: April 2018

Suppliers are often reluctant to invest in capacity if they believe that they will be unable to recover their investment costs in subsequent transactions with buyers. In theory, a number of different contracts can solve this issue and induce first-best investment levels by the supplier. In this study, we investigate the performance of these contracts in a two-tier supply chain. We develop an experimental design where retailers and suppliers bargain over contract terms—and have the ability to make multiple back-and-forth offers—while also providing feedback on the offers they receive. One key result from our study is that an option contract and a service-level agreement are best at increasing first-best investment levels and overall supply chain profits. However, these same contracts also generate the largest inequity in expected profits between the two parties. We find that both of these results are driven by the bargaining tendencies of retailers and suppliers, which we refer to as “superficial fairness.” In particular, retailers and suppliers place more emphasis on negotiating the wholesale price, while partially overlooking any secondary parameter, such that final wholesale prices end up roughly halfway between the retailer’s selling price and the supplier’s production cost. We show that this bargaining behavior contributes to higher investment levels observed in the option contract and service-level agreement, along with the inequitable payoffs.The online appendix is available at https://doi.org/10.1287/msom.2017.0654 .
An Examination of Early Transfers to the ICU Based on a Physiologic Risk Score
Authors: Hu Wenqi , Chan Carri W. , Zubizarreta José R. , Escobar Gabriel J. 
Published: April 2018

Unplanned transfers of patients from general medical-surgical wards to the intensive care unit (ICU) can occur as a result of unexpected patient deterioration. Such patients tend to have higher mortality rates and longer lengths of stay than direct admissions to the ICU. As such, the medical community has invested substantial efforts in the development of patient risk scores with the intent to identify patients at risk of deterioration. In this work, we consider how one such risk score could be used to trigger proactive transfers to the ICU. We utilize a retrospective data set from 21 Kaiser Permanente Northern California hospitals to estimate the potential benefit of transferring patients to the ICU at various levels of patient risk of deterioration. To reduce the sensitivity of our findings to key identification and modeling assumptions, we use a combination of multivariate matching and instrumental variable approaches. Using our empirical results to calibrate a simulation model, we find that proactively transferring the most severe patients could reduce mortality rates and lengths of stay without increasing other adverse events; however, proactive transfers should be used judiciously, as being too aggressive could increase ICU congestion and degrade quality of care. The online appendix is available at https://doi.org/10.1287/msom.2017.0658 .
A systematic review of the relationship between the distributions of aggrecan gene VNTR polymorphism and degenerative disc disease/osteoarthritis
Authors: Cong L. , Tu G. , Liang D. 
Published: April 2018

Objectives Degenerative disc disease (DDD) and osteoarthritis (OA) are relatively frequent causes of disability amongst the elderly; they constitute serious socioeconomic costs and significantly impair quality of life. Previous studies to date have found that aggrecan variable number of tandem repeats (VNTR) contributes both to DDD and OA. However, current data are not consistent across studies. The purpose of this study was to evaluate systematically the relationship between aggrecan VNTR, and DDD and/or OA. Methods This study used a highly sensitive search strategy to identify all published studies related to the relationship between aggrecan VNTR and both DDD and OA in multiple databases from January 1996 to December 2016. All identified studies were systematically evaluated using specific inclusion and exclusion criteria. Cochrane methodology was also applied to the results of this study. Results The final selection of seven studies was comprehensively evaluated and includes results for 2928 alleles. The most frequent allele among all the studies was allele 27. After comparing the distributions of each allele with others, statistically significant differences have been found in the distribution of the alleles by the two groups, with an over-representation of allele (A)21 (disease: 3.22%, control: 0.44%). Thus, carrying A21 increased the risk of DDD. Such an association was not found to be statistically significant when considering the risk of OA. Conclusions The findings suggest that VNTR A21 seems to be associated with higher risk to DDD, however, such an association may not be statistically significant regarding the risk of OA. Cite this article: L. Cong, G. Tu, D. Liang. A systematic review of the relationship between the distributions of aggrecan gene VNTR polymorphism and degenerative disc disease/osteoarthritis. Bone Joint Res 2018;7:308–317. DOI: 10.1302/2046-3758.74.BJR-2017-0207.R1
Incidence of clinically suspected venous thromboembolism in British Indian patients
Authors: Siddiqui BM , Patel MS , Rudge S , Best A , Mangwani J 
Published: April 2018

Introduction Venous thromboembolism (VTE) remains a major public health issue around the world. Ethnicity is known to alter the incidence of VTE. To our knowledge, there are no reports in the literature investigating the incidence of VTE in British Indians. The aim of this study was to investigate the rates of symptomatic VTE in British Indian patients in the UK. Methods Patients referred to our institution between January 2011 and August 2013 with clinically suspected VTE were eligible for inclusion in the study. Those not of British Indian or Caucasian ethnicity were excluded. A retrospective review of these two cohorts was conducted. Results Overall, 15,529 cases were referred to our institution for suspected VTE. This included 1,498 individuals of British Indian ethnicity. Of these, 182 (12%) had confirmed VTE episodes. A further 13,159 of the patients with suspected VTE were coded as Caucasian, including 2,412 (16%) who had confirmed VTE events. VTE rates were a third lower in British Indians with clinically suspected VTE than in the equivalent Caucasian group. The British Indian cohort presented with VTE at a much earlier age than Caucasians (mean 57.0 vs 68.0 years). Conclusions This study suggests that British Indian patients have a lower incidence of VTE and are more likely to present at an earlier age than Caucasians. There was no significant difference in VTE type (deep vein thrombosis vs pulmonary embolism) among the ethnic groups. Clinicians should be aware of variations within ethnicities but should continue to adhere to existing VTE prevention guidance.
Influence of the Air-Entraining Agent in the Concrete Coating on the Reinforcement Corrosion Process in Case of Simultaneous Action of Chlorides and Frost
Authors: Raczkiewicz W. 
Published: April 2018

Abstract
The paper presents the test results to evaluate the effect of air-entraining agent addition on the intensity of reinforcement corrosion in concrete with blast-furnace slag cement in the case of simultaneous action of chloride corrosion and frost. Two groups of reinforced concrete specimens were prepared for the study. The first group of specimens included air-entraining agent addition and the other group was prepared without air-entraining agent. The blast-furnace slag cement (CEM III/A) was used for the specimens. Two parallel reinforcing rods were placed in each specimen. The specimens were subjected to 120 cycles of freezing and thawing in 3% NaCl solution to induce corrosion on the reinforcement. To determine the occurrence of the reinforcement corrosion and estimate the corrosion activity the non-destructive electrochemical galvanostatic pulse method was used. On each specimen the corrosion current density of the reinforcement was measured as well as the reinforcement stationary potential and the concrete coating resistivity, i.e. values indicating the ongoing reinforcement corrosion. Measurements were made on all specimens in two steps: before freezing and thawing cycles in 3% NaCl solution and after the cycles. The analysis of the obtained results allowed to determine differences in corrosion processes intensity on the reinforced bars in the concrete specimens depending on whether or not the air-entraining agent was added. Based on the analysis it was found that in the case of simultaneous action of chloride corrosion and frost it is advisable to use both blast-furnace slag cement and air-entraining agent. The use of only blast-furnace slag cement (although it is a chloride resistant cement), without the addition of air-entraining agent is insufficient.