bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Comparison of SBF and DMEM in terms of electrochemical properties of common metallic biomaterials
Authors: Bayrak Özgü , Ghahramanzadeh Asl Hojjat , Ak Ayşe 
Published: September 2019

AbstractCorrosion behavior is an important parameter for metallic biomaterials used in the body environment. To mimic bodily fluids, simulated body fluid (SBF) has been used extensively. Even though many studies focus on corrosion inside SBF, SBF has a very time consuming and delicate preparation procedure and contains no essential and organic components for the cell environment, which may affect corrosion kinetics. We aimed to investigate whether corrosion behavior or kinetics change in different solutions, SBF and Dulbecco's modified Eagle medium (DMEM). For this purpose, five commonly used metallic biomaterials, AISI 316 stainless steel, CoCrMo alloy, CP‐Ti, Ti6Al4V, and Ti6Al7Nb were subjected to open circuit measurements, cyclic polarization, and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy. Quantitative analyses were performed and surface topography was investigated via scanning electron microscope and a roughness tester. We observed that the materials exhibited similar behaviors in SBF and DMEM but the corrosion kinetics were somewhat different and the results obtained from DMEM were time dependent.
Poly(n‐alkyl methacrylate)s as Metallocene Catalyst Supports in Nonpolar Media
Authors: Estrada‐Ramirez Alba Nidia , Ventura‐Hunter Carolina , Vitz Jürgen , Díaz‐Barriga Castro Enrique , Peralta‐Rodriguez René D. , Schubert Ulrich S. , Guerrero‐Sánchez Carlos , Pérez‐Camacho Odilia 
Published: September 2019

AbstractIn this work, poly(alkylmethacrylates) based on poly(n‐alkyl methacrylate)s (PnAMAs), that is, poly(hexyl methacrylate) (PHMA), poly(lauryl methacrylate) (PLMA), and poly(stearyl methacrylate) (PSMA), with similar molar masses (Mn), are synthesized via reversible addition–fragmentation chain transfer technique using a high‐throughput approach. Analyses by dynamic light scattering (DLS) of PnAMAs in nonpolar solvents show the presence of nanoparticles distributions (unimers or single chains). Interactions of methylaluminoxane (MAO) and MAO/metallocene compounds with PnAMA nanoparticles, lead to self‐assembled micellar‐like structures useful as “nanoreactors” for coordination polymerizations of ethylene. The inverse micellar‐like structures of the three kinds of polymethacrylates, formed in the presence of MAO are confirmed by DLS experiments and by transmission electron microscopy using energy dispersive spectrometry analyzer, in dyed PnAMAs/MAO samples. The encapsulation of the metallocene catalyst into the PSMA/MAO nanoparticles reveals stable catalytic systems that have a clear effect on the morphology of the polyethylenes synthesized through this method.
Load Transfer Behavior of 3D Aerogels Fabricated with Halloysite Nanotubes
Authors: Li Hongyan , Li Ruyi , Liu Hongli , Bai Xiqing , Wang Dongmei , Zhang Pengyu , Zhang Baolian , Wei Dongqing , Liao Xiaolan 
Published: September 2019

AbstractNanofibrous network aerogels as an important class of porous material have received enormous attention in materials research. However, the fabrication of nanofibrous network aerogels with short fiber as building blocks is extremely challenging, since it is difficult for them to build 3D network structures spontaneously from the topological point of view. Here the synthesis and load transfer behavior of 3D aerogels composed of halloysite nanotube (HNT) short fibers are described. The resulting aerogels take inorganic materials as the skeleton, elastic organic materials as the connection point, and exhibit inorganic/organic phase interfaces. Confocal Raman microscopy system is utilized to investigate the structural‐dynamic profile of halloysite clay aerogels (HCAs) under applied load. The results indicate that the deformation mainly occurs in the polysiloxane (PSO) molecular chain connected with the HNT skeleton. HCAs have a certain load transfer capability, and the PSO chains between tubes are strong enough to support the HCA skeleton.
Contributions of clean development mechanisms to the sustainable use of productive soil through the analytic hierarchy process method: INCAUCA S.A. case, Northern Cauca, Colombia
Authors: Vergara Tamayo Carlos Andrés , Bello Arias Juliana Carmenza 
Published: September 2019

AbstractThis article aims at evaluating a project carried out in INCAUCA S.A. to implement a clean development mechanism to use sugarcane waste to generate electric power and make sustainable use of productive soil. The research project applied a multicriteria analysis methodology and the analytic hierarchy process method. This paper starts by contextualizing the reader in the implementation of this type of project in Colombia making emphasis on the case study in question and analysing the importance of its influence in the sustainable use of productive soil in the region where the project was carried out. The main takeaway of the study was finding out that all subject groups give the highest relevance to the “environmental impact” criterion.
Integration of Cancer Genomics Data for Tree‐based Dimensionality Reduction and Cancer Outcome Prediction
Authors: Shi Mingguang , Wang Junwen , Zhang Chenyu 
Published: September 2019

AbstractAccurate outcome prediction is crucial for precision medicine and personalized treatment of cancer. Researchers have found that multi‐dimensional cancer omics studies outperform each data type (mRNA, microRNA, methylation or somatic copy number alteration) study in human disease research. Existing methods leveraging multiple level of molecular data often suffer from various limitations,e. g., heterogeneity, poor robustness or loss of generality. To overcome these limitations, we presented the tree‐based dimensionality reduction approach for the identification of smooth tree graph and developed accurate predictive model for clinical outcome prediction. We demonstrated that 1) Discriminative Dimensionality Reduction via learning a Tree (DDRTree) achieved reduced dimension space tree with statistical significance; 2) Tree based support vector machine (SVM) classifier improved prediction performance of cancer recurrence as compared tot‐test based SVM classifier; 3) Tree based SVM classifier was robust with regard to the different number of multi‐markers; 4) Combining multiple omics data improved prediction performance of cancer recurrence as compared to a single‐omics data; and 5) Tree based SVM classifier achieved similar or better prediction performance when compared to the features from state‐of‐the‐art feature selection methods. Our results demonstrated great potential of the tree‐based dimensionality reduction approach based clinical outcome prediction.
Assessment of functional recovery after total hip and knee arthroplasty: An observational study of 95 patients
Authors: Mark‐Christensen Troels , Kehlet Henrik 
Published: September 2019

AbstractBackgroundA significant proportion of patients experience functional limitations following total hip and knee arthroplasty (THA and TKA). The purpose of this study was to investigate prospectively the patient‐reported and objectively assessed functional recovery following THA and TKA.MethodsPatients were recruited at a regional Danish hospital, using a prospective, observational hypothesis‐generating cohort design. Primary outcome measures were performance‐based function (30‐s chair‐stand test) and self‐reported physical function measured by the Hip Disability and Osteoarthritis Outcome Score (HOOS) for those who had undergone THA, and the Knee Injury and Osteoarthritis Outcome Score (KOOS) for those who had undergone TKA. In addition, patient expectations, the “forgotten joint” scale and pain catastrophizing were measured. Outcome measures were collected at baseline (preoperatively) and at follow‐up (4 months postoperatively).ResultsA total of 95 patients (59 who had undergone THA and 36 who had undergone TKA) were recruited. Performance‐based function improved only slightly, with a mean difference of 2.9 (95% confidence interval [CI] 1.9, 4.0) for THAs and 1.6 (95% CI 0.4, 2.8) for TKAs. Self‐reported physical function improved significantly, with a mean difference of 37.9 (95% CI 31.5, 44.3) for THAs and 28.6 (95% CI 22.7, 34.4) for TKAs. However, dividing the cohort into “improved” and “non‐improved” groups based on changes in performance‐based function, no clinically relevant predictors for poor performance‐based outcome could be found.ConclusionsSelf‐reported outcome measures improved significantly following THA and TKA, whereas performance‐based function improved only slightly by the 4‐month follow‐up. The subgroup that did not improve in performance‐based function still reported significant improvements in self‐reported outcome measures, demonstrating the difficulty in predicting optimal rehabilitation strategies after THA and TKA.
Should the Energy Contribution of Commercial Thickeners Be Considered in the Nutrition Plan of Patients With Dysphagia?
Authors: Miranda Diana , Breda Joana , Cardoso Rita , Gonçalves Nilza , Caldas Ana Castro , Ferreira Joaquim J. 
Published: September 2019

AbstractBackground: Clinical management options for dysphagia include the use of thickeners to increase the consistency of liquids. Health professionals may not be aware of the nutrition value of these products, since there are no such recommendation in clinical guidelines. Our aim was to estimate the added nutrition value of the 2 types of commercial thickeners (starch and xanthan gum) to daily nutrition intake and compare their nutrition value for nectar, honey, and pudding consistencies. Additionally, we compared the nutrition value of both thickeners with a high‐energy powder, since they share the same main ingredients. Methods: We collected recommended dosages for obtaining the 3 different consistencies and nutrition content from the technical food labels. Daily intake of fluids was estimated from the Portuguese National Food, Nutrition and Physical Activity Survey. Total daily amount of thickener needed was estimated, as well as their correspondent nutrition contributions. Results: Estimated daily fluid intake was 2439 mL. Starch thickeners provide significantly more energy at all consistencies than xanthan gum provides (423–846 kcal, P < 0.05, and 103–308 kcal, P < 0.05, respectively). Significantly more fiber is provided by xanthan gum thickeners (9 g in nectar and 27 g in pudding consistencies, P < 0.05). Median energy and carbohydrate values per 100 g of high‐energy powder modules and starch thickeners are similar. Conclusion: The nutrition value of thickeners should be routinely considered in the nutrition assessment and planning of patients with dysphagia for liquids, since they contribute significantly with energy, carbohydrate, and fiber.
Singular enrichment functions for Helmholtz scattering at corner locations using the boundary element method
Authors: Gilvey B. , Trevelyan J. , Hattori G. 
Published: September 2019

SummaryIn this paper, we use an enriched approximation space for the efficient and accurate solution of the Helmholtz equation to solve problems of wave scattering by polygonal obstacles. This is implemented in both boundary element method (BEM) and partition of unity BEM (PUBEM) settings. The enrichment draws upon the asymptotic singular behaviour of scattered fields at sharp corners, leading to a choice of fractional‐order Bessel functions that complement the existing Lagrangian (BEM) or plane wave (PUBEM) approximation spaces. Numerical examples consider configurations of scattering objects, subject to the Neumann “sound hard” boundary conditions, demonstrating that the approach is a suitable choice for both convex scatterers and also for multiple scattering objects that give rise to multiple reflections. Substantial improvements are observed, significantly reducing the number of degrees of freedom required to achieve a prescribed accuracy in the vicinity of a sharp corner.
Observer design for stochastic time‐delayed Markovian jump systems with incomplete transition rates and actuator saturation
Authors: Qi Wenhai , Gao Xianwen , Kao Yonggui , Lian Lian , Chen Zixuan 
Published: September 2019

SummaryThis paper is concerned with observer design for stochastic time‐delayed Markovian jump systems with incomplete transition rates and actuator saturation. By employing mode‐dependent Lyapunov‐Krasovskii functional, an observer‐based feedback controller is designed to guarantee stochastic stability of the corresponding closed‐loop saturated system and an estimation of the domain of attraction in the mean square is expanded. The procedure of deriving observer gain matrices is converted into an optimization problem with constraints of a set of linear matrix inequalities. Finally, the vertical take‐off and landing helicopter model is given to demonstrate the validity of the main results.
Mostar indices of carbon nanostructures and circumscribed donut benzenoid systems
Authors: Arockiaraj Micheal , Clement Joseph , Tratnik Niko 
Published: September 2019

AbstractOn the great success of bond‐additive topological indices such as Szeged, Padmakar‐Ivan, Zagreb, and irregularity measures, yet another index, the Mostar index, has been introduced recently as a quantitative refinement of the distance nonbalancedness and also a peripherality measure in molecular graphs and networks. In this direction, we introduce other variants of bond‐additive indices, such as edge‐Mostar and total‐Mostar indices. The present article explores a computational technique for Mostar, edge‐Mostar, and total‐Mostar indices with respect to the strength‐weighted parameters. As an application, these techniques are applied to compute the three indices for the family of coronoid and carbon nanocone structures.
Phospholipid‐Free Small Unilamellar Vesicles for Drug Targeting to Cells in the Liver
Authors: Zhang Wunan , Böttger Roland , Qin Zhu , Kulkarni Jayesh A. , Vogler Julian , Cullis Pieter R. , Li Shyh‐Dar 
Published: September 2019

AbstractIt is reported that cholesterol (Chol) and TWEEN 80 at a molar ratio of 5:1 can form small unilamellar vesicles (SUVs) using a staggered herringbone micromixer. These phospholipid‐free SUVs (PFSUVs) can be actively loaded with a model drug for targeting hepatocytes via the endogenous apolipoprotein mechanism. PFSUVs particles with compositions of Chol:TWEEN 80 ranging between 1.5:1 and 5:1 (mol/mol) can be produced with a mean diameter of ≈80 nm, but only the high‐Chol formulations (3:1 and 5:1) can retain a transmembrane gradient of ammonium sulfate for active loading of doxorubicin (DOX). Under cryo‐transmission electron microscopy, PFSUVs‐DOX displays a unilamellar bilayer structure with DOX molecules forming spindle‐shape aggregates inside the aqueous core. Relative to PEGylated liposomal doxorubicin (PLD) that exhibits little interaction with cells in various conditions, the cellular uptake of PFSUVs‐DOX is dependent on the presence of serum and enhanced with an increased concentration of apolipoproteins. After intravenous injection, the vast majority of PFSUVs‐DOX accumulates in the liver and DOX is detected in all liver cells (predominantly the hepatocytes), while PLD is captured only by the sinusoidal cells (i.e., macrophages). This report discloses an innovative lipid bilayer vesicle for highly efficient and selective hepatocyte targeting.
Microcontact Printing with Laser Direct Writing Carbonization for Facile Fabrication of Carbon‐Based Ultrathin Disk Arrays and Ordered Holey Films
Authors: Ruan Xiaojun , Luo Jiangjiang , Wang Rui , Yao Yanbo , Guan Jingjiao , Liu Tao 
Published: September 2019

AbstractA nanometer‐thick carbon film with a highly ordered pattern structure is very useful in a variety of applications. However, its large‐scale, high‐throughput, and low‐cost fabrication is still a great challenge. Herein, microcontact printing (µCP) and direct laser writing carbonization (DLWc) are combined to develop a novel method that enables ease of fabrication of nanometer‐thick and regularly patterned carbon disk arrays (CDAs) and holey carbon films (HCFs) from a pyromellitic dianhydride‐oxydianiline‐based polyamic acid (PAA) solution. The effect of PAA concentration and pillar lattice structure of the polydimethyl siloxane stamp are systematically studied for their influence on the geometrical parameter, surface morphology, and chemical structure of the finally achieved CDAs and HCFs. Within the PAA concentration being investigated, the averaged thickness of CDAs and HCFs can be tailored in a range from a few tens to a few hundred of nanometers. The µCP+DLWc‐enabled electrically conductive CDAs and HCFs possess the characteristics of ease‐of‐fabrication, nanometer‐thickness, highly regular and controlled patterns and structures, and the ability to form on both hard and soft substrates, which imparts usefulness in electronics, photonics, energy storage, catalysis, tissue engineering, as well as physical, chemical, and bio‐sensing applications.
Understanding Interlayer Contact Conductance in Twisted Bilayer Graphene
Authors: Yu Zhiwei , Song Aisheng , Sun Luzhao , Li Yanglizhi , Gao Lei , Peng Hailin , Ma Tianbao , Liu Zhongfan , Luo Jianbin 
Published: September 2019

AbstractBilayer or few‐layer 2D materials showing novel electrical properties in electronic device applications have aroused increasing interest in recent years. Obtaining a comprehensive understanding of interlayer contact conductance still remains a challenge, but is significant for improving the performance of bilayer or few‐layer 2D electronic devices. Here, conductive atomic force microscope (C‐AFM) experiments are reported to explore the interlayer contact conductance between bilayer graphene (BLG) with various twisted stacking structures fabricated by the chemical vapor deposition (CVD) method. The current maps show that the interlayer contact conductance between BLG strongly depends on the twist angle. The interlayer contact conductance of 0° AB‐stacking bilayer graphene (AB‐BLG) is ≈4 times as large as that of 30° twisted bilayer graphene (t‐BLG), which indicates that the twist angle–dependent interlayer contact conductance originates from the coupling–decoupling transitions. Moreover, the moiré superlattice‐level current images of t‐BLG show modulations of local interlayer contact conductance. Density functional theory calculations together with a theoretical model reproduce the C‐AFM current map and show that the modulation is mainly attributed to the overall contribution of local interfacial carrier density and tunneling barrier.
Tunable Color Temperatures and Efficient White Emission from Cs2Ag1−xNaxIn1−yBiyCl6 Double Perovskite Nanocrystals
Authors: Hu Qingsong , Niu Guangda , Zheng Zhi , Li Shunran , Zhang Yanan , Song Haisheng , Zhai Tianyou , Tang Jiang 
Published: September 2019

AbstractRecently, Bi‐doped Cs2Ag0.6Na0.4InCl6 lead‐free double perovskites demonstrating efficient warm‐white emission have been reported. To enable the solution processing and enrich the application fields of this promising material, here a colloidal synthesis of Cs2Ag1−xNaxIn1−yBiyCl6 nanocrystals is further developed. Different from its bulk states, the emission color temperatures of the nanocrystal can be tuned from 9759.7 to 4429.2 K by Na+ and Bi3+ incorporation. Furthermore, the newly developed nanocrystals can break the wavefunction symmetry of the self‐trapped excitons by partial replacement of Ag+ ions with Na+ ions and consequently allow radiative recombination. Assisted with Bi3+ ions doping and ligand passivation, the photoluminescence quantum yield of the Cs2Ag0.17Na0.83In0.88Bi0.12Cl6 nanocrystals is further promoted to 64%, which is the highest value for lead‐free perovskite nanocrystals at present. The new colloidal nanocrystals with tunable color temperature and efficient photoluminescence are expected to greatly advance the research progress of lead‐free perovskites in single‐emitter‐based white emitting materials and devices.
Phylogenetic analysis of the Archaeocidaridae and Palaeozoic Miocidaridae (Echinodermata, Echinoidea) and the origin of crown group echinoids
Authors: Thompson Jeffrey R. , Mirantsev Georgy V. , Petsios Elizabeth , Bottjer David J. 
Published: September 2019

AbstractThe archaeocidarids comprise the most derived stem group echinoids and have long been regarded as closely related to the crown group. The fossil record of echinoids in the Palaeozoic is, however, poor, so details surrounding the initial divergence of crown group echinoids are not well constrained. In order to better understand the phylogenetic relationships of the most derived stem group and most basal crown group echinoids, a phylogenetic analysis was undertaken of the Archaeocidaridae, including the genera Nortonechinus, Devonocidaris, Lepidocidaris, Polytaxicidaris and Archaeocidaris and the Palaeozoic miocidarid cidaroids from the genus Eotiaris. We found that Archaeocidaris appears to be paraphyletic with respect to crown group echinoids. Furthermore, we mapped character evolution along our phylogeny and found that the diversification of archaeocidarids and miocidarids may be linked to large‐scale macroecological changes taking place in the late Palaeozoic, including increasing predation pressure and echinoid encrustation by epibionts. We compared the stratigraphical distribution of archaeocidarid and miocidarid occurrences to our resulting phylogenies, and found that the fit of our cladograms to the stratigraphic record of archaeocidarid occurrences is worse than other echinoid groups, supporting the idea that the imbricate plated archaeocidarids have a poor fossil record. In the course of carrying out these analyses, we also felt it necessary to describe a new species of Archaeocidaris, Archaeocidaris ivanovi sp. nov. We also provide novel descriptions and interpretations for Devonocidaris primaevus, Archaeocidaris brownwoodensis, Archaeocidaris apheles and revise the synonymy of Archaeocidaris legrandensis and ?Eotiaris meurevillensis, which may be a crown group echinoid.
Effect of kamikihito on platelet count: Retrospective pilot study
Authors: Nogami Tatsuya , Kato Atsushi , Ishikawa Yudai , Ryu Nobukazu , Adachi Isao 
Published: September 2019

ABSTRACTObjectiveThis study assessed the effect of the kampo medicine kamikihito (KKT) on platelet count irrespective of type of illness.MethodsA single‐center, retrospective pilot study was performed from March 2014 to March 2017. The subjects were patients who received KKT treatment and had blood samples collected in the 2 weeks prior to treatment initiation and ≤9 weeks after treatment completion at Toyama University Hospital.ResultsA total of 16 patients were identified as potential subjects, and their medical records were assessed. Their diagnoses were patent ear canal, insomnia, idiopathic thrombocytopenic purpura, aplastic anemia, and chemotherapy‐induced thrombocytopenia. Three cases of chemotherapy‐induced thrombocytopenia were excluded from the analysis. Eight of 13 patients receiving KKT had elevated platelet count after treatment, but the increase was not statistically significant. Interestingly, three patients with platelet count below the lower limit of the standard value prior to KKT treatment had a statistically significantly increased platelet count after treatment completion (P < 0.05).ConclusionKamikihito increased the platelet count in most patients, specifically in all patients with thrombocytopenia.