bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
B‐cell lymphoma‐2‐associated transcription factor 1 is overexpressed and contributes to sorafenib resistance in hepatocellular carcinoma
Authors: Yu Shijun , Wang Xiao , Dou Ning , Zhou Jun , Gao Yong , Li Yandong 
Published: June 2019

AimB‐cell lymphoma‐2‐associated transcription factor 1 (BCLAF1) is involved in various biological processes including tumorigenesis, but its function and expression in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is little known, and its clinical value in HCC has not yet been defined.MethodsThe protein level of BCLAF1 in HCC specimens and paired adjacent normal tissues was examined by immunohistochemical staining. The effects of BCLAF1 on autophagy in HCC cells were detected by confocal microscopy, transmission electron microscopy, and western blot analysis. Cell proliferation and tumorigenicity assays were carried out in vitro and in vivo. Flow cytometry assay was used to determine the apoptosis level of HCC cells. The correlation of BCLAF1 and sorafenib resistance in HCC was analyzed by the Kaplan–Meier survival method.ResultsHigh expression of BCLAF1 was found in HCC tissues compared with adjacent normal tissues, and higher BCLAF1 expression was correlated with higher tumor–node–metastasis stage, worse differentiation, and worse prognosis of HCC patients. BCLAF1 could induce autophagy in HCC cells in response to starvation and BCLAF1‐mediated autophagy could enhance cell proliferation and impede cell apoptosis under stress conditions. Animal experiments indicated that BCLAF1 promoted tumorigenicity of HCC cells in vivo. More importantly, high expression of BCLAF1 might contribute to sorafenib resistance in HCC patients.ConclusionsBCLAF1 is a potential oncogene in HCC by inducing autophagy to maintain tumor cell growth in response to stress conditions, and it could serve as a potential biomarker for predicting the prognosis of HCC patients and screening patients who are suitable for sorafenib therapy.
SATB2 in neuroendocrine neoplasms: strong expression is restricted to well‐differentiated tumours of lower gastrointestinal tract origin and is most frequent in Merkel cell carcinoma among poorly differentiated carcinomas
Authors: Bellizzi Andrew M 
Published: June 2019

AimsSpecial AT‐rich sequence‐binding protein 2 (SATB2) is a transcriptional regulator with critical roles in brain, craniofacial and skeletal development. It has emerged as a key marker of lower gastrointestinal (GI) tract columnar epithelial and osteoblastic differentiation. Transcription factor immunohistochemistry is useful in assigning site of origin in well‐differentiated neuroendocrine tumours (NETs), and has had a limited role in poorly differentiated neuroendocrine carcinomas (NECs). This study sought to evaluate the role of SATB2 in assigning site of origin in neuroendocrine epithelial neoplasms.Methods and resultsTissue microarrays were constructed from the following: 317 NETs (37 thyroid, 46 lung, 16 stomach, 12 duodenum, 70 pancreas, 106 jejunoileum, 24 appendix, and six rectosigmoid), 44 phaeochromocytomas/paragangliomas, and 79 NECs (29 Merkel cell, 30 lung, and 20 extrapulmonary visceral); nine appendiceal and 19 rectal NETs were examined in whole sections. SATB2 immunohistochemistry was scored for extent (%) and intensity (0–3+), with an H‐score being calculated. SATB2 was expressed by 96% of rectosigmoid NETs, 79% of appendiceal NETs, and only 7% of other well‐differentiated neoplasms (P < 0.0001). Expression in lower GI tract NETs (median H‐score of 255) was stronger than in other positive tumours (median H‐score of 7) (P < 0.0001). Any SATB2 expression was 86% sensitive/93% specific for lower GI tract origin. SATB2 was expressed by 79% of Merkel cell carcinomas (median H‐score of 300), 33% of lung NECs (median H‐score of 23), and 60% of extrapulmonary visceral NECs (median H‐score of 110), with stronger expression in Merkel cell carcinoma (P < 0.001). At an H‐score cutoff of ≥150, SATB2 was 69% sensitive/90% specific for Merkel cell carcinoma.ConclusionsSATB2 is frequently and strongly expressed by lower GI tract NETs; we have adopted it as our rectal NET marker. Relatively frequent and strong expression in Merkel cell carcinoma may have value in assigning NEC site of origin.
Loss of succinate dehydrogenase B immunohistochemical expression distinguishes pulmonary chondromas from hamartomas
Authors: Chatzopoulos Kyriakos , Fritchie Karen J , Aubry Marie‐Christine , Carney J Aiden , Folpe Andrew L , Boland Jennifer M 
Published: June 2019

AimsPulmonary chondromas, which are rare cartilaginous neoplasms that often arise in the setting of Carney triad, are morphologically similar to pulmonary hamartomas, which are much more common. There is evidence that succinate dehydrogenase (SDH) deficiency drives neoplasia in patients with Carney triad, and SDHB immunohistochemistry can be used as a surrogate marker to detect SDH deficiency. The aim of this study was to investigate the utility of SDHB immunohistochemistry in distinguishing pulmonary chondromas from hamartomas.Methods and resultsImmunohistochemistry for SDHB (clone 21A11AE7) was performed on histological sections from six cases of pulmonary chondroma and 33 cases of pulmonary hamartoma. SDHB expression was retained in all 33 pulmonary hamartomas, and lost in the majority of evaluable chondromas (five of six). Of the five patients with chondromas showing SDHB loss, four had definitive Carney triad. Most patients with pulmonary hamartomas were older males with small solitary masses, whereas chondromas often presented as multiple masses in young females.ConclusionLoss of SDHB immunohistochemical expression can be useful for differentiating pulmonary chondromas from hamartomas, and potentially identifying patients with Carney triad.
Parental empowerment—Lesbian, gay, bisexual, trans or queer parents' perceptions of maternity and child healthcare
Authors: Kerppola Jenni , Halme Nina , Perälä Marja‐Leena , Maija‐Pietilä Anna 
Published: June 2019

AbstractAimDescribe empowerment in maternity and child healthcare from the perspective of self‐identified lesbian, gay, bisexual, trans, or queer (LGBTQ) parents in Finland.BackgroundParental empowerment is a core aspect of maternity and child healthcare. However, knowledge about LGBTQ parents' perceptions about empowerment is still lacking.MethodQualitative design, 22 parents participating. The interviews were conducted in between July and September 2016 and analysed using inductive content analysis.FindingsThree core categories emerged as follows: (a) recognition and acknowledgment, particularly being treated as a parent, irrespective of any biological or legal ties to a child; (b) cooperation and interaction, such as working together, respecting parents' autonomy, and supporting parents' full involvement; (c) equitable care, such as parents' trust in services, but also a health‐care professional's knowledge of a family's special needs.ConclusionEmpowerment was perceived as the parents' sense of being visible and recognized as a parent. This recognition requires education and structures that are inclusive of all families. In addition, the language used by professionals was a key indicator for promoting positive feelings of comfort and safety for all families.
Taking the pulse of Timor‐Leste’s cardiac needs: a 10‐year descriptive time‐trend analysis
Authors: Paratz Elizabeth D. , Mock Nicki , Gutman Sarah J. , Horton Ari , Creati Louise , Appelbe Alan , Eggleton Simon , Kushwaha Virag , da Silva Almeida Inez T. , Monteiro Andre , Bayley Noel 
Published: June 2019

AbstractBackgroundTimor‐Leste is one of the poorest countries in the world. The East Timor Hearts Fund is a charitable organisation involving Australian cardiologists providing outreach screening and access to cardiac interventions.AimsTo assess ten years of clinical volume, demographics and patient outcomes. Our intention was to identify existing limitations to facilitate planning for further capacity building over the next decade.MethodsThe East Timor Hearts Fund database was sectioned into 2‐year intervals (2009/2010, 2011/2012, 2013/2014, 2015/2016 and 2017/2018). Demographics and clinical outcomes of patients were compared, with subgroup analysis of adult (>18 years old), paediatric and interventional patients.ResultsOver 10 years, 2050 patient encounters have occurred; 1119 (54.6%) encounters occurred in 2017/2018; 73.6% of patients were assessed in the capital Dili. Rheumatic and congenital cardiac diseases remain very common (39.1% of adult new patients and 74.2% of paediatric new patients), with 1.4% of new patients exhibiting both pathologies. The number of new patients with rheumatic or congenital heart disease tripled in 2017/2018 compared to 2009/2010 (99 vs 34 patients, P < 0.0001). Paediatric case volume increased over 10‐fold over 10 years (288 new patients in 2017/2018 vs 24 in 2009/2010, P < 0.0001), with corresponding increase in proportion of paediatric interventions (59.4% in 2017/2018 vs 25.0% in 2009/2010, P = 0.027). For patients undergoing intervention (n = 87), post‐procedural complications and mortality are extremely low (3.4% and 1.1%, respectively), with all eligible patients attending at least one post‐procedure appointment.ConclusionDemand for cardiac services in Timor‐Leste is rising exponentially, with inequitable geographic coverage. Rheumatic and congenital cardiac diseases remain priorities for assessment, and paediatric case volume is increasing. Patients undergoing intervention experience good medical outcomes.
Associations between common respiratory viruses and invasive group A streptococcal infection: A time‐series analysis
Authors: de Gier Brechje , Vlaminckx Bart J. M. , Woudt Sjoukje H. S. , van Sorge Nina M. , van Asten Liselotte 
Published: June 2019

AbstractBackgroundInvasive infections by group A Streptococcus (iGAS, Streptococcus pyogenes) have a winter seasonality which largely coincides with the season for influenza and other respiratory viruses. Influenza superinfections with GAS have been described to occur regularly and to show a severe clinical picture with high mortality. We aimed to study the extent to which influenza A and B viruses (IAV and IBV), respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) and rhinovirus circulation contribute to iGAS incidence and severity.MethodsTime‐series regression models were built to explore the temporal associations between weekly laboratory counts of IAV, IBV, RSV and rhinovirus as independent variables and weekly counts of GAS disease notifications or laboratory GAS cultures as dependent variables.ResultsThe weekly number of IAV detections showed a significant temporal association with the number of notifications of streptococcal toxic shock syndrome (STSS), a severe complication of iGAS. Depending on the season, up to 40% of all notified STSS cases was attributable to IAV circulation. Besides STSS, none of the other iGAS manifestations were associated with a respiratory virus.ConclusionsOur study found an ecological temporal association between IAV and STSS, the most severe complication of iGAS. Future studies are needed to confirm this association and assess the possible preventability of STSS by influenza vaccination, especially in the age group 60 years and older.
The experience of partners supporting adolescents and young adults with cancer
Authors: Davies Jane , Hannigan Ben , Kelly Daniel 
Published: June 2019

AbstractAimsIn a larger study where the aim was to investigate choice and control in decision making, the role of partners was significant. Reported here are the experiences of those partners of young people with cancer.DesignA qualitative, exploratory case study approach was used.MethodsIn the larger study, 22 participants were recruited including five adolescents and young adults with cancer, two sets of parents/carers and three individual parents, five healthcare professionals linked to the adolescent or young adult with cancer and five friends or partners. Data were collected between February 2014 and February 2015 and included interviews, non‐participant observation and documentary analysis.ResultsThree themes were identified relating to partner experience derived from partner and patient interview data: “practical support”, “putting your partner first” and “acting as a confidante/ally”.ConclusionThese findings reveal new knowledge of partner experience when adolescents and young adults have cancer. Richer in‐depth understandings of partner experience are required to improve the care of adolescents and young adults with cancer and those around them.ImpactThese findings will inform the development of guidance and further research which will enhance the knowledge of partner experience for those involved in cancer care in the adolescent and young adult age group.
Nursing interventions in adult psychiatric outpatient care. Making nursing visible using the Nursing Interventions Classification
Authors: Ameel Maria , Kontio Raija , Junttila Kristiina 
Published: June 2019

AbstractAimTo describe and to clarify the work of nurses in psychiatric outpatient care using a standardized nursing terminology and to describe the potential benefits and challenges in the use of the terminology.DesignA qualitative study of ethnographically grounded fieldwork in four adult outpatient units located in three major cities in Finland.MethodsA two‐phase ethnographically oriented study, consisting of observations and focus group interviews in four psychiatric outpatient care units (in January–March 2018). During this process, the identified nursing interventions were mapped into the Nursing Interventions Classification.ResultsWe identified 93 different nursing interventions, covering all seven domains. Categories describing potential benefits and challenges were as follows: giving words to nurses’ work and the challenge of overlapping interventions.ConclusionOur findings indicate that the Nursing Interventions Classification is a suitable means to describe nursing in the psychiatric outpatient care setting. Our findings support the theory that describing nurses’ work using a nursing terminology can make nursing visible and further empower nurses and help them to structure their work. The lack of other professionals, especially physicians, has led to nurses taking over new tasks officially and unofficially and we suggest that the issue needs to be studied further.ImpactNurses’ role in the psychiatric outpatient care has been described as invisible and difficult to describe. Our findings suggest that a nursing terminology can make nursing visible, not only from the perspective of patient health records but is also a way to conceptualize nurses’ work.
Molecular mechanisms of ferroptosis and its role in cancer therapy
Authors: Xu Tao , Ding Wei , Ji Xiaoyu , Ao Xiang , Liu Ying , Yu Wanpeng , Wang Jianxun 
Published: June 2019

AbstractFerroptosis is a newly defined programmed cell death process with the hallmark of the accumulation of iron‐dependent lipid peroxides. The term was first coined in 2012 by the Stockwell Lab, who described a unique type of cell death induced by the small molecules erastin or RSL3. Ferroptosis is distinct from other already established programmed cell death and has unique morphological and bioenergetic features. The physiological role of ferroptosis during development has not been well characterized. However, ferroptosis shows great potentials during the cancer therapy. Great progress has been made in exploring the mechanisms of ferroptosis. In this review, we focus on the molecular mechanisms of ferroptosis, the small molecules functioning in ferroptosis initiation and ferroptosis sensitivity in different cancers. We are also concerned with the new arising questions in this particular research area that remains unanswered.
Phytosterols and their oxidative products in infant formula
Authors: Kilvington Alice , Maldonado‐Pereira Lisaura , Torres‐Palacios Cristobal , Medina‐Meza Ilce 
Published: June 2019

AbstractInfant formulations are enriched with vegetable oils that confer not only calories, but also peculiar chemical attributes. Vegetable oils are particularly rich in phytosterols, a class of triterpene molecules analogous to cholesterol, but with different and largely unknown biological effects. The preparation and sterilization of infant formula provide opportune physicochemical conditions for oxidative reactions to occur. Oxidation of phytosterols during the preparation of infant formula can led to oxidized derivatives, known as phytosterol oxidation products [POPs], which harmful effects can be exacerbated given the wide variety of infant formulas characterized by their exclusivity of milk surrogates, required to fulfill specific needs in the nutritional development of a baby. In this review, the state‐of‐the‐art regarding phytosterols and their presence in infant formulation is revised, stressing the need of further investigation in the field of food processing. Reconsidering infant formula manufacturing in the context of phytosterols oxidation will lead to several opportunities for food engineers and technologists in the food safety.Practical applicationsPhytosterols are plant‐based bioactive lipids with health benefits. Therefore, they have been implemented as a supplement in infant formula through the addition of vegetable oils. Processing, packaging, and storage contribute to the oxidative process of these compounds. A surveillance of the entire food chain is needed to reduce the oxidative load in the final product.
Clustered ANFIS weighing models for sweet lime (Citrus limetta) using computer vision system
Authors: Phate Vikas R. , Malmathanraj Ramanathan , Palanisamy Ponnusamy 
Published: June 2019

AbstractIn the present research work, a clustered adaptive neuro‐fuzzy inference system (ANFIS) is used to develop the model of relationship between the weight with 1D and 2D features of the Indian sweet lime fruit extracted through the developed computer vision system. Initially, three clustering methods are used to classify the input data into a homogeneous group. Then, the self‐learning proficiency of an artificial neural network and the ability of fuzzy theory to deal with the uncertainty and nonlinearity are utilized by developing the ANFIS model. Finally, the clustered data is combined with the ANFIS models trained by two different learning methods are analyzed. The goodness‐of‐fit indicators close to unity and the lower values of the error performance metrics implies the adequacy, robustness, and superiority of the proposed method. Moreover, the lower value of Theil's coefficient for uncertainty (UII) signifies the credibility of the model to predict the weight of a sweet lime fruit.Practical applicationsThe presented improved approach of clustered ANFIS modeling for weighing sweet lime fruit will be fruitful to the researchers, farmers, and engineers. In order to, design and develop the real time weight‐based grading, sorting, and packaging machine's knowledge about the fruit weight‐size relation is a basic requirement. Use of this proposed approach (computer vision linked with the clustered ANFIS model) will greatly reduce the handling of the fruit as well as the workload that are responsible for the qualitative and quantitative losses of fruits on bulk industrial scale. Also, this weighing model using 1D and 2D features will be more beneficial, faster, and economically viable substitute to the on‐field manual method used in agriculture specially during the sorting, grading, and packaging of sweet lime.
Comparison of anticoagulants and risk factors for bleeding following endoscopic sphincterotomy among anticoagulant users: Results from a large multicenter retrospective study
Authors: Muro Shinichiro , Kato Hironari , Ishida Etsuji , Ueki Toru , Fujii Masakuni , Harada Ryo , Seki Hiroyuki , Hirao Ken , Wato Masaki , Akimoto Yutaka , Takatani Masahiro , Tsugeno Hirofumi , Miyaike Jiro , Toyokawa Tatsuya , Nishimura Mamoru , Yunoki Naoko , Okada Hiroyuki 
Published: June 2019

AbstractBackground and AimBleeding is an inevitable and often severe complication after endoscopic sphincterotomy (EST). We aimed to investigate the factors associated with post‐EST bleeding in patients treated with anticoagulants.MethodsThe data of patients who underwent EST at 15 hospitals between July 2015 and June 2017 were extracted. We investigated the incidence of post‐EST bleeding and risk factors for bleeding in patients treated with anticoagulants.ResultsOne hundred forty‐nine patients undergoing EST who met the inclusion criteria were included in this study. The total‐EST bleeding (bleeding occurring during or after EST) rate did not differ between the heparin replacement (8.0%, 6/75) and continuation (16.6%, 2/12; P = 0.37) groups of warfarin users. The total‐EST‐bleeding rate in the heparin replacement group (12.9%, 4/31) was significantly higher than that in the continuation group (0%, 0/31; P = 0.016) in direct oral anticoagulant (DOAC) users. The rate of total‐EST bleeding with continuation of DOAC (0%, 0/31) was significantly lower with continuation of warfarin (16.6%, 2/12; P = 0.021). During‐EST bleeding (bleeding occurring during EST) (P = 0.0083) and precut (P = 0.033) were significant risk factors for post‐EST bleeding in all 149 patients. Heparin replacement was only a significant risk factor for total‐EST bleeding (P = 0.033) in DOAC users.ConclusionHeparin replacement was a significant risk factor for post‐EST bleeding in DOAC users; however, there was no significant difference between the bleeding rate of heparin replacement and that of continuation groups in patients taking warfarin. During EST and precut were significant risk factors for post‐EST bleeding in all patients treated with anticoagulants.
Measurement of Maternal Mindful Awareness of Fetal Movement
Authors: Kantrowitz‐Gordon Ira , Cunningham Emma , Reynolds Nicole 
Published: June 2019

IntroductionDecreased fetal movement is a common concern late in pregnancy that may be associated with increased fetal morbidity and mortality. Limited research suggests a relationship between maternal psychological factors and perception of fetal movement. The goal of this study was to test the reliability and external validity of a novel self‐report instrument for maternal mindful awareness of fetal movement.MethodsPregnant women who were at 20 weeks’ gestation or later and feeling regular fetal movement (N = 497) were recruited online through a commercial pregnancy website to complete an internet survey from April to May 2016. The online survey included demographic and pregnancy characteristics, psychological and mindfulness measures, and investigator‐developed items on mindful awareness of fetal movement. Reliability and validity of the instrument were tested with exploratory factor analysis, correlations with psychological variables, and hierarchical linear regression.ResultsExploratory factor analysis of mindful awareness of fetal movement items using principal components analysis showed a 2‐factor structure, noticing and distracted, with internal consistency of α equal to .69 and .57, respectively. Hierarchical multiple regression analysis showed that noticing was associated with increased gestational age, mindfulness (observing facet), and maternal‐fetal attachment. Distracted was associated with increased education level and prenatal anxiety and with decreased mindfulness (nonjudging facet).DiscussionThere was moderate internal consistency in the items measuring mindful awareness of fetal movement. Findings suggest relationships between mindful awareness of fetal movement and state mindfulness, maternal‐fetal attachment, and prenatal anxiety. More research is needed to further develop items for a mindful awareness of fetal movement scale suitable for research and clinical practice.