bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Analysis of spatiotemporal variability in temperature extremes in the Yellow and Yangtze River basins during 1961–2014 based on high‐density gauge observations
Authors: Niu Zigeng , Wang Lunche , Fang Lulu , Li Jiarui , Yao Rui 
Published: June 2019

AbstractThe Yellow and Yangtze River basins are the most important basins in China due to their environment and natural and socioeconomic conditions, and they are highly sensitive to extreme climate events. In this study, we used daily maximum and minimum temperature data gathered from 892 meteorological stations to analyse the spatiotemporal variations in temperature extremes in the Yellow and Yangtze River basins during 1961–2014 and identified correlations with the geographic location and atmospheric circulation patterns. The results indicated that annual mean maximum and minimum temperatures (TXmandTNm), most warm extremes and some cold extremes (minimum of the minimum temperature and maximum temperature,TNnandTXn) generally showed low values in the northwestern region of the Yellow and Yangtze basins, while the diurnal temperature range (DTR) and some cold extremes (ice days,ID0and frost days,FD0) were generally higher in the northwest of the two basins.TXm,TNm, all warm extremes and some cold extremes (TNnandTXn) showed significant increasing trends in both basins. The increase in the extreme temperature was between 0.17–0.38°C/decade in the Yellow basin, while the interval was 0.15–0.38°C/decade in the Yangtze basin. DTR decreased by −0.07 days/decade in the former and −0.05 days/decade in the latter. Furthermore, warm event days increased by 1.38–3.52 and 1.42–2.65 days/decade in the Yellow and Yangtze basins, respectively. At the same time, the cold event days decreased by −1.90 to −3.47 and −0.20 to −2.70 days/decade in the respective basins. In terms of the spatial patterns, most stations that displayed significant trends were located over the Loess Plateau in the Yellow River basins; Sichuan basin and the lower reaches of the Yangtze River basins. Moreover, almost all of the temperature extremes exhibited the largest trends in spring and winter in the two basins. Most temperature extremes showed strong correlations with longitude and altitude and the Atlantic Multidecadal Oscillation (AMO) displayed significant correlations with almost all of the temperature extremes, except DTR,TNnandTXn; the East Atlantic/Western Russia (EA/WR) was also related to many temperature extremes. Finally, most temperature observations showed abrupt changes in the 1990s, and the timing in the Yangtze River basin was generally later than that in the Yellow River basin.
Implementing new technologies for complex care: The role of embeddedness factors in team learning
Authors: Stevens Merieke , van Schaik Jan 
Published: June 2019

AbstractBearing the rising health care costs of our aging global population is one of the most urgent challenges society is facing. We study the implementation of new medical technologies as one way to increase the effectiveness of care, particularly in the area of aortic disease—a condition that affects an increasing number of patients globally. Our research focus is the implementation of complex endovascular treatment techniques by a multidisciplinary aortic treatment group, in addition to their traditional open treatment of aortic disease. We find that relational and cognitive embeddedness factors support team learning, which in turn enables the team to achieve its self‐set goals of treating more patients; offering more tailor‐made care; and providing endovascular treatment in emergency situations. At the end of our data collection period, the first steps toward the team's ultimate goal of offering patient‐centered care were also taken.
Effects of ganciclovir treatment in a murine model of cytomegalovirus‐induced hearing loss
Authors: Haller Travis J. , Price Melissa S. , Lindsay Spencer R. , Hillas Elaine , Seipp Michael , Firpo Matthew A. , Park Albert H. 
Published: June 2019

ObjectiveTo determine whether ganciclovir (GCV) treatment reduces sensorineural hearing loss in cytomegalovirus (CMV)‐infected mice. The effects of GCV on viral load, absolute neutrophil count (ANC), and outer hair cell (OHC) integrity were also investigated.MethodsInfected BALB/c mice were inoculated with murine CMV on postnatal day 3. Those treated with GCV received an intraperitoneal injection twice a day for 14 days. Auditory thresholds were assessed using distortion product otoacoustic emission (DPOAE) and auditory brainstem response (ABR) testing 4 weeks after inoculation. Temporal bones were used for determination of viral load by quantitative polymerase chain reaction and hair cell quantification by scanning electron microscopy. ANCs were completed by an automated hematology analyzer, with manual review for confirmation.ResultsGCV‐treated CMV‐infected mice had lower ABR (P < 0.0001, Kruskal‐Wallis test) and DPOAE (P < 0.0001) thresholds compared to CMV‐infected untreated mice, indicating that GCV protected mice from CMV‐induced hearing loss. Viral load in infected populations undergoing GCV treatment was significantly decreased (P = 0.03) relative to untreated mice. GCV treatment alone had no effect on ABR and DPOAE compared to untreated, uninfected controls (P = 0.1, P = 0.24, respectively). GCV‐treated mice received increased protection from OHC loss when compared to untreated groups, with total OHC losses of approximately 7% and 14%, respectively (P < 0.05). Neutropenia was absent after 7 days of GCV treatment.ConclusionGanciclovir effectively ameliorated SNHL and partially protected from OHC loss in a preclinical model of congenital CMV infection, seemingly by reducing viral load.Level of EvidenceNA Laryngoscope, 130:1064–1069, 2020
Lead Halide Perovskite‐Based Dynamic Metasurfaces
Authors: Zhang Chen , Xiao Shumin , Wang Yuhan , Gao Yisheng , Fan Yubin , Huang Can , Zhang Nan , Yang Wenhong , Song Qinghai 
Published: June 2019

AbstractLead halide perovskites CH3NH3PbX3 (MAPbX3) are known to have high refractive index and controllable bandgap, making them attractive for all‐dielectric and tunable metasurfaces. Till now, perovskite metasurfaces have only been used in structural colors. More interesting meta‐devices with 2π phase control are still absent. Here, MAPbX3‐perovskite‐based metasurfaces are experimentally demonstrated with a complete control of phase shift in a reflection mode. By utilizing MAPbBr3 cut‐wires as meta‐atoms on a ground metal film, it is found that the MAPbBr3 perovskite metasurface can produce full phase control from 0 to 2π and high reflection efficiency simultaneously. Consequently, high‐efficiency polarization conversion, anomalous reflection, and meta‐holograms are successfully produced. Most interestingly, the bandgap of the MAPbX3 perovskite can be post‐synthetically and reversibly tuned via anion exchange, providing a new approach to dynamically control of the all‐dielectric meta‐devices with novel function such as anomalous reflection and hologram.
A novel cylindrical dielectric resonator antenna based on Fibonacci series approach
Authors: Chauhan Monika , Pandey Ajay K. , Mukherjee Biswajeet 
Published: June 2019

AbstractA novel cylindrical dielectric resonator antenna based on Fibonacci series approach is presented in this letter. Because of the presence of major and minor axis, the antenna characteristics resemble an Elliptical DRA. Optimized radius to height ratio (a/h) of the antenna and probe feed at an offset position (x = 10 mm, y = 1 mm) from the center is responsible to excite the orthogonal modes and generate quadrature phase shift in polarization of wave, that is, achieving circular polarization. Impedance bandwidth (|S11| < −10 dB) and 3‐dB axial ratio bandwidth achieved are 106.5% (6.1‐12.6 GHz) and 18.9% (10.6‐12.6 GHz), respectively. Fundamental HE11δ and HE12δ modes are excited at 9.1 and 10.8 GHz resonant frequency respectively and maximum gain attained is 7.6 dBi at 8.7 GHz. Peak radiation efficiency of 90% at 7.2 GHz is attained by the proposed dielectric resonator antennas. This antenna supports C, X, and Ku band applications like satellite communication, amateur radio (10‐10.5 GHz), weather monitoring and so on. Simulated and experimental results are in close agreement for fabricated proposed structure.
Non‐Cartesian GRAPPA and coil combination using interleaved calibration data – application to concentric‐ring MRSI of the human brain at 7T
Authors: Moser Philipp , Bogner Wolfgang , Hingerl Lukas , Heckova Eva , Hangel Gilbert , Motyka Stanislav , Trattnig Siegfried , Strasser Bernhard 
Published: June 2019

PurposeProton MR spectroscopic imaging (MRSI) benefits from B0 ≥ 7T and multichannel receive coils, promising substantial resolution improvements. However, MRSI acquisition with high spatial resolution requires efficient acceleration and coil combination. To speed up the already‐fast sampling via concentric rings, we implemented additional, non‐Cartesian, hybrid through‐time/through‐k‐space (tt/tk)‐generalized autocalibrating partially parallel acquisition (GRAPPA). A new multipurpose interleaved calibration scan (interleaved MUSICAL) acquires reference data for both coil combination and PI. This renders the reconstruction process (especially PI) less sensitive to instabilities.MethodsSix healthy volunteers were scanned at 7T. Three calibration datasets for coil combination and PI were recorded: a) iMUSICAL, b) static MUSICAL as prescan, c) moved MUSICAL as prescan with misaligned head position. The coil combination performance, including motion sensitivity, of iMUSICAL was compared to MUSICAL for single‐slice free induction decay (FID)‐MRSI. Through‐time/through‐k‐space‐GRAPPA with constant/variable‐density undersampling was evaluated on the same data, comparing the three calibration datasets. Additionally, the proposed method was successfully applied to 3D whole‐brain FID‐MRSI.ResultsUsing iMUSICAL for coil combination yielded the highest signal‐to‐noise ratio (SNR) (+9%) and lowest Cramer‐Rao lower bounds (CRLBs) (‐6%) compared to both MUSICAL approaches, with similar metabolic map quality. Also, excellent mean g‐factors of 1.07 and low residual lipid aliasing were obtained when using iMUSICAL as calibration data for two‐fold, variable‐density undersampling, while significantly degraded metabolic maps were obtained using the misaligned MUSICAL calibration data.ConclusionThrough‐time/through‐k‐space‐GRAPPA can accelerate already time‐efficient non‐Cartesian spatial‐spectral 2D/3D‐MRSI encoding even further. Particularly promising results have been achieved using iMUSICAL as a robust, interleaved multipurpose calibration for MRSI reconstruction, without extra calibration prescan.
Robust Synthesis of Gold Nanotriangles and their Self‐Assembly into Vertical Arrays
Authors: Szustakiewicz Piotr , González‐Rubio Guillermo , Scarabelli Leonardo , Lewandowski Wiktor 
Published: June 2019

AbstractWe report an efficient, seed‐mediated method for the synthesis of gold nanotriangles (NTs) which can be used for controlled self‐assembly. The main advantage of the proposed synthetic protocol is that it relies on using stable (over the course of several days) intermediate seeds. This stability translates into increasing time efficiency of the synthesis and makes the protocol experimentally less demanding (‘fast addition’ not required, tap water can be used in the final steps) as compared to previously reported procedures, without compromising the size and shape monodispersity of the product. We demonstrate high reproducibility of the protocol in the hands of different researchers and in different laboratories. Additionally, this modified seed‐mediated method can be used to produce NTs with edge lengths between ca. 45 and 150 nm. Finally, the high ‘quality’ of NTs allows the preparation of long‐range ordered assemblies with vertically oriented building blocks, which makes them promising candidates for future optoelectronic technologies.
Catalytic Chain Transfer Copolymerization of Propylene Oxide and CO2 using Zinc Glutarate Catalyst
Authors: Marbach Jakob , Höfer Theresa , Bornholdt Nick , Luinstra Gerrit A. 
Published: June 2019

AbstractOligo and poly(propylene ether carbonate)‐polyols with molecular weights from 0.8 to over 50 kg/mol and with 60–92 mol % carbonate linkages were synthesized by chain transfer copolymerization of carbon dioxide (CO2) and propylene oxide (PO) mediated by zinc glutarate. Online‐monitoring of the polymerization revealed that the CTA controlled copolymerization has an induction time which is resulting from reversible catalyst deactivation by the CTA. Latter is neutralized after the first monomer additions. The outcome of the chain transfer reaction is a function of the carbonate content, i. e. CO2 pressure, most likely on account of differences in mobility (diffusion) of the various polymers. Melt viscosities of poly(ether carbonate)diols with a carbonate content between 60 and 92 mol % are reported as function of the molecular weight, showing that the mobility is higher when the ether content is higher. The procedure of PO/CO2 catalytic chain copolymerization allows tailoring the glass temperature and viscosity.
Detection and identification of acetylcholinesterase inhibitors in Annona cherimola Mill. by effect‐directed analysis using thin‐layer chromatography‐bioassay‐mass spectrometry
Authors: Galarce‐Bustos Oscar , Pavón Jessy , Henríquez‐Aedo Karem , Aranda Mario 
Published: June 2019

AbstractIntroductionAcetylcholinesterase (AChE) inhibitors are considered an important strategy in the treatment of neurological disorders such as Alzheimer's disease. A simple and fast planar chromatography‐bioassay methodology has been established to detect bioactive molecules in cherimoya fruit.ObjectiveDetect and identify AChE inhibitors in cherimoya by high‐performance thin‐layer chromatography (HPTLC)‐bioassay‐mass spectrometry (MS) and related techniques.MethodologyEffect‐directed analysis by planar chromatography‐bioassay‐mass spectrometry was applied to detect and identify AChE inhibitors in pulp, peel and cherimoya seed. Bioassay was optimised establishing the following conditions: enzymatic solution (1.0 U mL−1), 1‐naphtyl acetate substrate (1.5 mg mL−1) and Fast Blue B salt (1.0 mg mL−1). TLC‐MS interface was used to directly elute the active zones into a mass spectrometer or to a micro‐vial for further off‐line studies.ResultsTwo AChE inhibitory bands were detected in peel extracts. An analysis via HPTLC‐MS and high‐performance liquid chromatography diode array detector tandem mass spectrometry (HPLC‐DAD‐MS/MS) allowed to characterise three potential AChE inhibitors: anonaine (m/z 266 [M + H]+; UV λmax = 269.6 nm), glaucine (m/z 256 [M + H]+; UV λmax = 282.9 and 300.6 nm) and xylopine (m/z 296 [M + H]+; UV λmax = 278.5 nm).ConclusionsThe application of this optimised high throughput method allowed to establish the presence of three potential AChE inhibitors in cherimoya peel. For the first time AChE inhibitory capacity of these alkaloids is reported.
Personality, cognition, and morbidity in the understanding of paranormal belief
Authors: Pérez Navarro José M. , Martínez Guerra Xana 
Published: June 2019

AbstractA large number of theories about the development and maintenance of paranormal beliefs have been raised in the literature. There is, however, a lack of studies designed to integrate the different perspectives. We reviewed the literature and explored a series of factors in a sample of 180 individuals. Seven variables showed significant correlation indices at α = .01. A regression analysis revealed subjective paranormal experience as the variable that contributed the most to the explanation of paranormal belief, z = .43, 95% confidence interval (CI) [.24, .56]. Need for achievement (z = .31, 95% CI [.11, to .46]), conditional reasoning (z = .10, 95% CI [.09, .28]), and schizotypy (z = .29, 95% CI [.09, .45]) also contributed significantly in the equation. The associations found between the subscales of the Needs Questionnaire and belief in the paranormal support the hipothesis that paranormal belief may serve basic psychological needs. Similarly, the association found in the case of schizotypy suggests that paranormal belief might be held within the context of psychopathology. There was no evidence, however, supporting the hypothesis of a reasoning deficit in believers. It was concluded that, once paranormal beliefs develop, there is an interaction between belief and experience that strongly contributes towards its maintenance.
Mass‐Spectrometric Observation of Counter Anion Production in SU‐8 Exposed to UV Light and its Use for Dill C Parameter Determination
Authors: Lima Carlos Raimundo Andrade , da Silva Martins Jefferson , Pinheiro Caroline , de Avila Luis Fernando , Pinho Roberto Rosas , Rocco Maria Luiza Miranda , de Souza Melo Wilson , Zappa Fabio 
Published: June 2019

ABSTRACTPhotopolymerization is a phenomenon that is the basis of much of today's microfabrication technology and intense research is conducted to improve its control and the characteristics of end products for a variety of applications. The design of microscopic structures often relies on the accurate knowledge and modeling of photopolymer's behavior upon exposure, i.e. the Dill parameters, for each radiation species of interest and therefore the development of flexible characterization techniques is of great importance. SU‐8 is a popular compound that is representative of a whole class that relies on cationic polymerization, where an acid is obtained via photolysis of an onium salt during exposure. Here we report on the observation of SbF6− via laser desorption mass spectrometry on SU‐8 exposed to UV light at the wavelength of 365 nm and demonstrate that the yield of this counter‐anion as a function of exposure is consistent with the Dill C parameter value available in the literature. © 2019 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Polym. Sci., Part B: Polym. Phys. 2019, 57, 967–972
Are humans really blind to plants?
Authors: Knapp Sandra 
Published: June 2019

Societal Impact StatementPeople tend to see plants as the background to life on Earth, but they are essential to our very existence in many ways. In 1999 two botanist‐educators from the United States coined the term “plant blindness” to describe this condition, and to draw attention to the decreasing focus on plants in education. Here I argue that disregard for any organism that is not a vertebrate (like us) is the more pervasive problem, but that combatting plant blindness is a good place to start to improve education, awareness, and care for the other organisms with which we share planet Earth.SummaryThe concept of “plant blindness” was coined in 1999 to highlight the phenomenon seen in American (United States) education in which animals are perceived as more important than plants. Symptoms were lack of recognition of plants as important components of ecosystems, lack of understanding of how plants affect our everyday lives, anthropocentric ratings of animals as more worthy of care than plants, and inability to “see” that plants are more than background. I argue here that the deeper problem is not with animals versus plants, but with “animals with eyes like ours and backbones” versus everything else. Cockroaches, worms, and spiders are animals too, and without them the planet would be as barren as if there were no plants. So combatting the more pervasive issue needs to be at the background of our thinking as we move forward in combatting plant blindness. I here review the symptoms of plant blindness and relate this to ways in which we might begin to think about using recognition of plant blindness as a way to increase awareness and care for all of life on Earth.
Effectiveness of Eriomin® in managing hyperglycemia and reversal of prediabetes condition: A double‐blind, randomized, controlled study
Authors: Ribeiro Carolina B. , Ramos Fernanda M. , Manthey John A. , Cesar Thais B. 
Published: June 2019

This study evaluated the potential effectiveness of different doses of Eriomin® on hyperglycemia and insulin resistance associated with other metabolic biomarkers in prediabetic individuals. Prediabetes patients (n = 103, 49 ± 10 years) were randomly divided into four parallel groups: (a) Placebo; (b) Eriomin 200 mg; (c) Eriomin 400 mg; and (d) Eriomin 800 mg. Assessment of biochemical, metabolic, inflammatory, hepatic, renal, anthropometric markers, blood pressure, and dietary parameters were performed during 12 weeks of intervention. Treatment with all doses of Eriomin (200, 400, and 800 mg) had similar effects and altered significantly the following variables: blood glucose (−5%), insulin resistance (−7%), glucose intolerance (−7%), glycated hemoglobin (−2%), glucagon (−6.5%), C‐peptide (−5%), hsCRP (−12%), interleukin‐6 (−13%), TNFα (−11%), lipid peroxidation (−17%), systolic blood pressure (−8%), GLP‐1 (+15%), adiponectin (+19%), and antioxidant capacity (+6%). Eriomin or placebo did not influence the anthropometric and dietary variables. Short‐term intervention with Eriomin, at doses of 200, 400, or 800 mg/day, benefited glycemic control, reduced systemic inflammation and oxidative stress, and reversed the prediabetic condition in 24% of the evaluated patients.
Predicting absorption spectra of silver‐ligand complexes
Authors: Buglak Andrey A. , Pomogaev Vladimir A. , Kononov Alexei I. 
Published: June 2019

AbstractThe detailed structures of most of ligand‐stabilized metal nanoclusters (NCs) remain unknown due to the absence of crystal structure data for them. In such a situation, quantum‐chemical modeling is of particular interest. We compared the performance of different theoretical methods of geometry optimization and absorption spectra calculation for silver‐thiolate complexes. We showed that the absorption spectra calculated with the ADC(2) method were consistent with the spectra obtained with CC2 method. Three DFT functionals (B3LYP, CAM‐B3LYP, and M06‐2X) failed to reproduce the CC2 absorption spectra of the silver‐thiolate complexes.
Adaptive architectures for control of uncertain dynamical systems with actuator and unmodeled dynamics
Authors: Dogan K. Merve , Gruenwald Benjamin C. , Yucelen Tansel , Muse Jonathan A. 
Published: June 2019

SummaryIn adaptive control of uncertain dynamical systems, it is well known that the presence of actuator and/or unmodeled dynamics in feedback loops can yield to unstable closed‐loop system trajectories. Motivated by this standpoint, this paper focuses on the analysis and synthesis of multiple adaptive architectures for control of uncertain dynamical systems with both actuator and unmodeled dynamics. Specifically, we first analyze model reference adaptive control architectures with standard, hedging‐based, and expanded reference models for this class of uncertain dynamical systems and develop sufficient stability conditions. We then synthesize a robustifying term for the latter architecture and analytically show that this term can allow for a relaxed sufficient stability condition. The proposed theoretical treatments involve Lyapunov stability theory, linear matrix inequalities, and matrix mathematics. Finally, we compare the resulting sufficient stability conditions of the considered adaptive control architectures on a benchmark mechanical system subject to actuator and unmodeled dynamics.