bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Partial projective mapping and ultra‐flash profile with and without red light: A case study with white wine
Authors: Smith Amy M. , McSweeney Matthew B. 
Published: June 2019

AbstractPartial projective mapping (PM) is a sensory method that is used to evaluate one sensory modality (flavor, texture, or appearance). The objective of the study was to determine if the use of red light to mask subtle differences in the colors of the wine influenced the consumers' flavor descriptions of white wines. The results of partial PM tasks for flavor completed under white light (n = 45 and n = 52) and under red light (n = 66 and n = 67) were compared. The participants who completed the projective task under white light could adequately separate the wines based on the grapes used during production and adequately described the wines. The participants' evaluations were altered when red light was used, and mouthfeel characteristics were emphasized. The participants could not categorize the wines based on grape varieties. There was no correlation between the evaluations completed under white light and those completed under red light (RV = 0.211, 0.318, 0.220, and 0.277). These results indicated that although the participants were asked to concentrate on the flavor attributes of the white wine, the color masking task affected their evaluations. Future work needs to explore when it is best to mask the color of samples during a partial PM task.Practical ApplicationsPartial projective mapping (PM) tasks ask panelists to focus on a specific sensory modality and have led to better discrimination than global PM (Marcano et al., Food Research International, 67, 323–330). In a trial involving only one sensory modality (flavor or texture), red light may be used to mask differences in the appearance or color of the products. This study investigates the effect of red light on untrained participants' evaluation during a partial PM task for flavor. No correlation was found between the participants' evaluations under red light when compared to those who completed the task under white light. Further examination is necessary; however, this shows that the red light influences the participants' evaluation and affected the description of the products being tested.
An appraisal of the in vivo role of phosphate as a modulator of urinary ammonium and titratable acid excretion in the acidotic rabbit
Authors: Walsh Patrick A. , O’Donovan Daniel J. 
Published: June 2019

AbstractPrevious studies have shown that the intravenous infusion of inorganic phosphate increased urinary ammonium excretion 8‐ to 10‐fold in the acidotic rabbit. This was considered to be a very important observation at the time and to be unique to the rabbit. While investigating this finding, we discovered that the formol titration procedure, used to measure urinary ammonium by this research group, is subject to interference by phosphate, casting doubt on the validity of the urinary ammonium excretion data reported by them in the literature. In order to re‐assess the importance of phosphate as a potential modulator of urinary ammonium excretion in the acidotic rabbit, renal net acid excretion studies were carried out in phosphate‐loaded acidotic animals. We observed that while urinary ammonium excretion increased significantly (p < 0.05) after 50 min of phosphate infusion, the maximum concentrations excreted were substantially less than previously reported in the literature. However, through its urinary buffering capacity, we observed that inorganic phosphate, via an experimentally induced phosphaturia, could substantially enhance titratable acid excretion. Contrary to earlier reports, we demonstrated that phosphate plays a relatively minor in vivo modulator role in enhancing renal net acid excretion through the vehicle of ammonium during acute metabolic acidosis in the hyperphosphataemic rabbit. The findings reported in this study constitute an important update on ammonia metabolism in the acidotic rabbit.
The Lyme disease spirochete's BpuR DNA/RNA‐binding protein is differentially expressed during the mammal–tick infectious cycle, which affects translation of the SodA superoxide dismutase
Authors: Jutras Brandon L. , Savage Christina R. , Arnold William K. , Lethbridge Kathryn G. , Carroll Dustin W. , Tilly Kit , Bestor Aaron , Zhu Haining , Seshu Janakiram , Zückert Wolfram R. , Stewart Philip E. , Rosa Patricia A. , Brissette Catherine A. , Stevenson Brian 
Published: June 2019

SummaryWhen the Lyme disease spirochete, Borrelia burgdorferi, transfers from a feeding tick into a human or other vertebrate host, the bacterium produces vertebrate‐specific proteins and represses factors needed for arthropod colonization. Previous studies determined that the B. burgdorferi BpuR protein binds to its own mRNA and autoregulates its translation, and also serves as co‐repressor of erp transcription. Here, we demonstrate that B. burgdorferi controls transcription of bpuR, expressing high levels of bpuR during tick colonization but significantly less during mammalian infection. The master regulator of chromosomal replication, DnaA, was found to bind specifically to a DNA sequence that overlaps the bpuR promoter. Cultured B. burgdorferi that were genetically manipulated to produce elevated levels of BpuR exhibited altered levels of several proteins, although BpuR did not impact mRNA levels. Among these was the SodA superoxide dismutase, which is essential for mammalian infection. BpuR bound to sodA mRNA in live B. burgdorferi, and a specific BpuR‐binding site was mapped 5′ of the sodA open reading frame. Recognition of posttranscriptional regulation of protein levels by BpuR adds another layer to our understanding of the B. burgdorferi regulome, and provides further evidence that bacterial protein levels do not always correlate directly with mRNA levels.
Distinctive genetic variation of long‐segment Hirschsprung's disease in Taiwan
Authors: Yang Wendy , Chen Szu‐Chieh , Lai Jin‐Yao , Ming Yung‐Ching , Chen Jeng‐Chang , Chen Pei‐Lung 
Published: June 2019

AbstractBackgroundHirschsprung's disease (HSCR) is a congenital disorder with the absence of myenteric and submucosal ganglion cells within distal gut. Due to multigenic inheritance and interactions, we employed next‐generation sequencing (NGS) to investigate genetic backgrounds of long‐segment HSCR (L‐HSCR) in Taiwan.MethodsGenomic DNA extracted from peripheral blood of L‐HSCR patients was subjected to capture‐based NGS, based on a 31‐gene panel. The variants with allele frequency <0.05 and predicted by computational methods as deleterious were further validated by Sanger sequencing in patients and their family as well to tell de novo from inherited variants.ResultsBetween 2015/04 and 2018/05, this study enrolled 23 L‐HSCR patients, including 15 (65.2%) sporadic cases and 8 (34.8%) familial patients in 4 different families. Six sporadic and seven familial cases showed possible harmful variants across eight different genes, accounting for an overall detection rate of 56.5%. These variants mainly resided in SEMA3C, followed by RET, NRG1, and NTRK1. Three sporadic and 2 familial cases exhibited strong pathogenic variants as a deletional frameshift or stop codon in RET, L1CAM or NRG1. In a HSCR family, the father passed on a pathogenic RET frameshift to two daughters; however, only one developed HSCR.ConclusionUsing NGS, we disclosed deleterious mutations such as a frameshift or stop codon in either familial or sporadic patients. Our cases with isolated L‐HSCR or even total colonic aganglionosis appeared to exhibit complex patterns of inheritance and incomplete penetrance even in families with the same genetic variants, reflecting the possible effects of environmental factors and genetic modifiers.
Synthesis and In Vitro Biological Evaluation of Psoralen‐Linked Fullerenes
Authors: Hashimoto Akiko , Takamura‐Enya Takeji , Oda Yoshimitsu 
Published: June 2019

AbstractPhotodynamic therapy (PDT) is a widely used medicinal treatment for the cancer therapy that utilizes the combination of a photosensitizer (PS) and light irradiation. In this study, we synthesized two novel C60 fullerene derivatives, compounds 1 and 2, with a psoralen moiety that can covalently bind to DNA molecules via cross‐linking to pyrimidine under photoirradiation. Along with several fullerene derivatives, the biological properties of several novel compounds have been evaluated. Compounds 1 and 2, which have been shown to induce the production of hydroxyl radicals using several ROS detecting reagents, induced DNA strand breaks with relatively weak activities in the in vitro detection system using a supercoiled plasmid. However, the psoralen‐bound fullerene with carboxyl groups (2) only showed genotoxicity in the genotoxicity assay system of the umu test. Compound 2 was also seen to have cytotoxic activities in several cancer cell lines at higher doses compared to water‐soluble fullerenes.
The Effect of General Health Checks on Healthcare Utilization: Accounting for Self-Selection Bias
Authors: Yoon Sungwook , Jun Duk Bin , Park Sungho 
Published: June 2019

SummaryThe general health check is one of the most common preventive healthcare measures in many countries. In this study, we propose an empirical approach which jointly models the decision to obtain a general health check and healthcare utilization, tackling the self-selection problem by using eligibility to obtain a health check for free as an instrumental variable. Eligibility has some exogenous variations by design and this helps us to partial out the effect of general health checks from self-selection biases. We apply the model to a large 12-year panel data set provided by the Korean National Health Insurance Service. We find that participation in the general health check increases healthcare utilization and ignored self-selection generates substantial upward bias in the estimates. We also find that the health check effect shows noteworthy heterogeneity across gender and income groups. Before health checks, healthcare utilization of males and people in low income groups is lower than those of females and people in high income groups respectively. However, these become comparable across different groups after health checks. This finding implies that general health checks can be an effective vehicle for health equity.
Characterization of lymphatic malformations using primary cells and tissue transcriptomes
Authors: Kaipainen Arja , Chen Emy , Chang Lynn , Zhao Bing , Shin Hainsworth , Stahl Andreas , Fishman Steven J. , Mulliken John B. , Folkman Judah , Huang Sui , Fannon Michael 
Published: June 2019

AbstractLymphatic malformations (LMs) are disfiguring congenital anomalies characterized by aberrant growth of lymphatic vessels. They are broadly categorized histopathologically as macrocystic and microcystic. Although sclerotherapy has shown some success in the treatment of macrocystic malformations, there has been less progress with developing treatment strategies for microcystic malformations. In this study, we characterized lymphatic endothelial cells isolated from lymphatic and lymphaticovenous malformations. When compared to cells from normal lymphatic vessels, we found that the primary cultured malformed cells are morphologically different and also exhibited differences in binding, proliferation, migration and tube formation. Transcriptome analysis identified several genes whose expression was substantially higher in malformed compared to normal lymphatic endothelium, including DIRAS3 and FOXF1. Further analysis of LM tissue samples revealed distinguishing gene expression patterns that could pave the way to understanding the molecular pathogenesis of LMs. Based on gene expression signatures, we propose a new hypothesis that the subtype of localized LMs could be formed because of disruptions in lymph node development.
Severe acute cellulitis and sepsis caused by Aeromonas spp. in a dog on immunosuppressive therapy
Authors: Worthing Kate Alice , Norris Jacqueline M. , Briscoe Katherine Anne 
Published: June 2019

AbstractObjectiveTo describe the clinical presentation, diagnostic investigation, and medical management of a dog on immunosuppressive therapy that developed a severe soft tissue infection attributed to Aeromonas hydrophila/caviae.Case summaryA 5‐year‐old female neutered Border Collie dog was presented for investigation of a rapidly growing skin lesion. The dog had been diagnosed with immune‐mediated thrombocytopenia and was receiving immunosuppressive therapy for 5 weeks. Physical examination at initial presentation revealed no abnormalities except a 6 cm raised, erythematous, firm, and painful swelling on the ventral abdomen. Within 12 hours of admission, the lesion had expanded to cover much of the ventrum and some areas had begun to slough. The patient had also become obtunded and exhibited pyrexia, tachypnea, tachycardia as well as extreme pain around the lesion. The dog's clinical signs and hematology results were consistent with sepsis. Histopathology showed severe acute suppurative cellulitis and panniculitis and a heavy growth of A. hydrophila/caviae was obtained on tissue culture. The infection was treated with trimethoprim sulphadiazine, based on culture and susceptibility results.Unique information providedThis is the first reported case of severe panniculitis and cellulitis caused by Aeromonas spp. in a dog. Aeromonas spp. should be considered a differential diagnosis for cases of severe soft tissue infection, especially in immune‐compromised animals or those with a history of aquatic exposure.
MAGNETIC AND MICROWAVE ABSORPTION PROPERTIES OF NEODYMIUM DOPED NICKEL FERRITE USING MILLING TECHNIQUE
Authors: Yunasfi Yunasfi , Mashadi Mashadi , Mulyawan Ade 
Published: June 2019

Nickel ferrite doped by neodymium in the form of (Ni(1-x)NdxFe2O4) with (x = 0.0 ; 0.2 and 0.4) have been synthesized using solid state reaction method with milling technique from NiO, Nd2O3 and Fe2O3 powder. The mixture of those compound materials was milled using High Energy Milling (HEM) machine for 10 hours and then sintered at 1000 °C for 5 h. X-ray diffraction patterns showed that a single phase of spinel ferrite has been formed in all of the compositions. The result of morphological observation using Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM) exhibited a homogeneous structure has been formed with particle size about 200 nm. The magnetic measurement using vibrating sample magnetometer (VSM) showed that the sample exhibited a ferromagnetic behavior, where the Ms value decrease (around of 58.4 to 39.40 emu/g) and value of Hc increased (around of 116-170 Oe) along with the addition of the Nd3+ ion (x values) content. While the ability of microwaves absorption measured by using Vector Network Analyzer (VNA) indicates that the maximum value of Reflection Loss (RL) obtained at the composition of x = 0.4 up to -29 dB at a frequency of 10.81 GHz. It means the Ni0,6Nd0,4Fe2O4 sample can absorb microwave up to ~ 96.5% at a frequency of 10.81 GHz.
Stress Field Prediction in Cantilevered Structures Using Convolutional Neural Networks
Authors: Nie Zhenguo , Jiang Haoliang , Kara Levent Burak 
Published: June 2019

Abstract
The demand for fast and accurate structural analysis is becoming increasingly more prevalent with the advance of generative design and topology optimization technologies. As one step toward accelerating structural analysis, this work explores a deep learning-based approach for predicting the stress fields in 2D linear elastic cantilevered structures subjected to external static loads at its free end using convolutional neural networks (CNNs). Two different architectures are implemented that take as input the structure geometry, external loads, and displacement boundary conditions, and output the predicted von Mises stress field. The first is a single input channel network called SCSNet as the baseline architecture, and the second is the multichannel input network called StressNet. Accuracy analysis shows that StressNet results in significantly lower prediction errors than SCSNet on three loss functions, with a mean relative error of 2.04% for testing. These results suggest that deep learning models may offer a promising alternative to classical methods in structural design and topology optimization. Code and dataset are available.2
Epidemiology of congenital cerebral anomalies in Europe: a multicentre, population-based EUROCAT study
Authors: Morris Joan K , Wellesley Diana G , Barisic Ingeborg , Addor Marie-Claude , Bergman Jorieke E H , Braz Paula , Cavero-Carbonell Clara , Draper Elizabeth S , Gatt Miriam , Haeusler Martin , Klungsoyr Kari , Kurinczuk Jennifer J , Lelong Natalie , Luyt Karen , Lynch Catherine , O’Mahony Mary T , Mokoroa Olatz , Nelen Vera , Neville Amanda J , Pierini Anna , Randrianaivo Hanitra , Rankin Judith , Rissmann Anke , Rouget Florence , Schaub Bruno , Tucker David F , Verellen-Dumoulin Christine , Wiesel Awi , Zymak-Zakutnia Natalia , Lanzoni Monica , Garne Ester 
Published: June 2019

ObjectivesTo describe the epidemiology and geographical differences in prevalence of congenital cerebral anomalies in Europe.Design and settingCongenital cerebral anomalies (International Classification of Diseases, 10th Revision code Q04) recorded in 29 population-based EUROCAT registries conducting surveillance of 1.7 million births per annum (29% of all European births).ParticipantsAll birth outcomes (live births, fetal deaths from 20 weeks gestation and terminations of pregnancy after prenatal diagnosis of a fetal anomaly (TOPFA)) from 2005 to 2014.Main outcome measuresPrevalence, proportion of associated non-cerebral anomalies, prenatal detection rate.Results4927 cases with congenital cerebral anomalies were identified; a prevalence (adjusted for under-reporting) of 9.8 (95% CI: 8.5 to 11.2) per 10 000 births. There was a sixfold difference in prevalence across the registries. Registries with higher proportions of prenatal diagnoses had higher prevalence. Overall, 55% of all cases were liveborn, 3% were fetal deaths and 41% resulted in TOPFA. Forty-eight per cent of all cases were an isolated cerebral anomaly, 25% had associated non-cerebral anomalies and 27% were chromosomal or part of a syndrome (genetic or teratogenic). The prevalence excluding genetic or chromosomal conditions increased by 2.4% per annum (95% CI: 1.3% to 3.5%), with the increases occurring only for congenital malformations of the corpus callosum (3.0% per annum) and ‘other reduction deformities of the brain’ (2.8% per annum).ConclusionsOnly half of the cases were isolated cerebral anomalies. Improved prenatal and postnatal diagnosis may account for the increase in prevalence of congenital cerebral anomalies from 2005 to 2014. However, major differences in prevalence remain between regions.
Applicability of 3D Spectral Element Method for Computing Close-Range Underwater Piling Noises
Authors: Jeong C. , Manalaysay A. , Gharti H. N. , Guan S. , Vignola J. 
Published: June 2019

Pile driving is used for constructing foundation supports for offshore structures. Underwater noise, induced by in-water pile driving, could adversely impact marine life near the piling location. Many studies have computed this noise in close ranges by using semi-analytical models and Finite Element Method (FEM) models. This work presents a Spectral Element Method (SEM) wave simulator as an alternative simulation tool to obtain close-range underwater piling noise in complex, fully three-dimensional, axially-asymmetric settings in the time domain for impacting force signals with high-frequency contents (e.g., frequencies greater than 1000[Formula: see text]Hz).The presented numerical results show that the flexibility of SEM can accommodate the axially-asymmetric geometry of a model, its heterogeneity, and fluid-solid coupling. We showed that there are multiple Mach Cones of different angles in fluid and sediment caused by the difference in wave speeds in fluid, a pile, and sediment. The angles of Mach Cones in our numerical results match those that are theoretically evaluated. A previous work18had shown that Mach Cone waves lead to intense amplitudes of underwater piling noise via a FEM simulation in an axis-symmetric setting. Since it modeled sediment as fluid with a larger wave speed than that of water, we examined if our SEM simulation, using solid sediment–fluid coupling, leads to additional Mach Cones. Because this work computes the shear wave in sediment and the downward-propagating shear wave in a pile, we present six Mach Cones in fluid and sediment induced by downward-propagating P- and S-waves in a pile in lieu of two previously-reported Mach Cones in fluid and sediment (modeled as fluid) induced by a downward-propagating P-wave in a pile. We also showed that the amplitudes of the close-range underwater noise are dependent on the cross-sectional geometry of a pile. In addition, when a pile is surrounded by a solid of an axially-asymmetric geometry, waves are reflected from the surface of the surrounding solid back to the fluid so that constructive and destructive interferences of waves take place in the fluid and affect the amplitude of the underwater piling noise.
Stepwise increasing sequential offsets cannot be used to deliver high thermal intensities with little or no perception of pain
Authors: Derbyshire Stuart W. G. , Long Victoria Jane En , Asplund Christopher L. 
Published: June 2019

Offset analgesia (OA) is the disproportionate decrease in pain experience following a slight decrease in noxious heat stimulus intensity. We tested whether sequential offsets would allow noxious temperatures to be reached with little or no perception of pain. Forty-eight participants continuously rated their pain experience during trials containing trains of heat stimuli delivered by Peltier thermode. Stimuli were adjusted through either stepwise sequential increases of 2°C and decreases of 1°C or direct step increases of 1°C up to a maximum of 46°C. Step durations (1, 2, 3, or 6 s) varied by trial. Pain ratings generally followed presented temperature, regardless of step condition or duration. For 6-s steps, OA was observed after each decrease, but the overall pain trajectory was unchanged. We found no evidence that sequential offsets could allow for little pain perception during noxious temperature presentation. NEW & NOTEWORTHY Offset analgesia is the disproportionate decrease in pain experience following a slight decrease in noxious heat stimulus intensity. We tested whether sequential offsets would allow noxious temperatures to be reached with little or no perception of pain. We found little evidence of such overall analgesia. In contrast, we observed analgesic effects after each offset with long-duration stimuli, even with relatively low-temperature noxious stimuli.