bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Inhibitory effects of a sulfated polysaccharide isolated from edible red alga Bangia fusco-purpurea on α-amylase and α-glucosidase
Authors: Jiang Zedong , Yu Gang , Liang Yan , Song Tianyuan , Zhu Yanbing , Ni Hui , Yamaguchi Kenichi , Oda Tatsuya 
Published: June 2019

ABSTRACT
In this study, a sulfated polysaccharide (BFP) was isolated from the edible red alga Bangia fusco-purpurea. Gel-filtration and thin layer chromatographically analyses suggested that BFP was a homogenous polysaccharide. The chemical structural analysis revealed that BFP mainly consisted of galactose together with a small amount of uronic acid, mannose, and glucose. Its molecular mass was estimated to be 133.18 kDa by high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) analysis. BFP inhibited α-amylase and α-glucosidase in a concentration-dependent manner. The IC50 values of BFP against α-amylase and α-glucosidase were estimated to be 1.26 ± 0.11 mg/mL and 1.34 ± 0.07 mg/mL, respectively. Kinetic analyses suggested that BFP showed competitive and non-competitive inhibition against α-amylase and α-glucosidase, respectively. Circular dichroism spectral and fluorescence spectral analyses suggested that BFP affects the conformational structures of these enzymes, which may lead to the inhibition of the enzymatic activities.
Abbreviations: Ara: D-arabinose; AnGal: anhydro-L-galactose residues; CD spectroscopy: Circular Dichroism spectroscopy; DNS: dinitrosalicylic acid; FT-IR: fourier transform infrared spectra; Fuc: L-fucose; Gal: D-galactose; Glc: D-glucose; GlcA: D-Glucuronic acid; HPLC: high performance liquid chromatography; Man: D-mannose; pNPG: p-nitrophenyl-α-D-glucoside; TFA: trifluoroacetic acid; TLC: thin-layer chromatography; PMP: 1-phenyl-3-methyl-5-pyrazolone; Xyl: D-xylose
Implementing the French elderly care allowance for home-based care: bureaucratic work, professional cultures and gender frames
Authors: Dussuet Annie , Ledoux Clémence 
Published: June 2019

ABSTRACTCare realities are characterised by important differences between men and women. At the end of the 1990s, women were overrepresented among the oldest sections of the French population, as well as among their unpaid and paid helpers. Nevertheless, when the current national benefit scheme for elderly people needing long-term care (the APA (Allocation Personnalisée d’Autonomie)) was adopted in France, it was not explicitly framed with gender issues in mind. French subnational governments (the départements) were charged with implementing the new scheme, but also have the capacity to transform it. How has this policy been applied on the ground and with which gender-related effects? In order to answer this question, this article draws on 33 interviews and several observations conducted with street-level bureaucrats in charge of implementing the APA in a French département. Through street-level organisation analysis, frame analysis and discursive institutionalism, it analyses how subnational governments and street-level bureaucrats use their room for manoeuvre in policy implementation, and the frames they use to take decisions. Special attention is given to the implications of these frames from a gender perspective. This article explores three different dimensions of this issue: (1) the discursive frames attached to the APA at national and subnational organisational levels; (2) the way street-level bureaucrats perceive institutional constraints and resources, and interpret their work, and how the gender implications of these frames influence the decisions they make in practice; and (3) the consequences of administrative decisions for the public affected by them.
Brainwashed by extracellular vesicles: the role of extracellular vesicles in primary and metastatic brain tumour microenvironment
Authors: Morad Golnaz , Moses Marsha A. 
Published: June 2019

ABSTRACTBrain malignancies, including primary and metastatic brain tumours, are often associated with high mortality, reflecting a need for more effective diagnostics and therapeutics. Despite the different cells of origin, primary and metastatic brain tumours share the same microenvironment, which affects the survival mechanisms adopted by these tumours. Elucidating the mechanisms by which primary and metastatic brain tumours interact with the brain microenvironment can uncover potential targets for clinical applications. Extracellular vesicles have been recognized as intercellular communicators that can contribute to cancer progression and have shown promise as potential cancer biomarkers and therapeutics. Here, we outline the contribution of extracellular vesicles in the tumour–microenvironment interactions in primary and metastatic brain tumours with the goal of providing a guide for future translational research in this area.
Ultrafast dynamics of strongly correlated fermions—nonequilibrium Green functions and selfenergy approximations
Authors: Schlünzen N , Hermanns S , Scharnke M , Bonitz M 
Published: June 2019

Abstract
This article presents an overview on recent progress in the theory of nonequilibrium Green functions (NEGF). We discuss applications of NEGF simulations to describe the femtosecond dynamics of various finite fermionic systems following an excitation out of equilibrium. This includes the expansion dynamics of ultracold atoms in optical lattices following a confinement quench and the excitation of strongly correlated electrons in a solid by the impact of a charged particle. NEGF, presently, are the only ab initio quantum approach that is able to study the dynamics of correlations for long times in two and three dimensions. However, until recently, NEGF simulations have mostly been performed with rather simple selfenergy approximations such as the second-order Born approximation (SOA). While they correctly capture the qualitative trends of the relaxation towards equilibrium, the reliability and accuracy of these NEGF simulations has remained open, for a long time.
Here we report on recent tests of NEGF simulations for finite lattice systems against exact-diagonalization and density-matrix-renormalization-group benchmark data. The results confirm the high accuracy and predictive capability of NEGF simulations—provided selfenergies are used that go beyond the SOA and adequately include strong correlation and dynamical-screening effects. With an extended arsenal of selfenergies that can be used effectively, the NEGF approach has the potential of becoming a powerful simulation tool with broad areas of new applications including strongly correlated solids and ultracold atoms. The present review aims at making such applications possible. To this end we present a selfcontained introduction to the theory of NEGF and give an overview on recent numerical applications to compute the ultrafast relaxation dynamics of correlated fermions. In the second part we give a detailed introduction to selfenergies beyond the SOA. Important examples are the third-order approximation, the

approximation, the T-matrix approximation and the fluctuating-exchange approximation. We give a comprehensive summary of the explicit selfenergy expressions for a variety of systems of practical relevance, starting from the most general expressions (general basis) and the Feynman diagrams, and including also the important cases of diagonal basis sets, the Hubbard model and the differences occuring for bosons and fermions. With these details, and information on the computational effort and scaling with the basis size and propagation duration, readers will be able to choose the proper basis set and straightforwardly implement and apply advanced selfenergy approximations to a broad class of systems.
WS2 and MoS2 thin film gas sensors with high response to NH3 in air at low temperature
Authors: Järvinen Topias , Lorite Gabriela S , Peräntie Jani , Toth Geza , Saarakkala Simo , Virtanen Vesa K , Kordas Krisztian 
Published: June 2019

Abstract
Transition metal dichalcogenides (TMDs) have received immense research interest in particular for their outstanding electrochemical and optoelectrical properties. Lately, chemical gas sensor applications of TMDs have been recognized as well owing to the low operating temperatures of devices, which is a great advantage over conventional metal oxide based sensors. In this work, we elaborate on the gas sensing properties of WS2 and MoS2 thin films made by simple and straightforward thermal sulfurization of sputter deposited metal films on silicon chips. The sensor response to H2, H2S, CO and NH3 analytes in air at 30 °C has been assessed and both MoS2 and WS2 were found to have an excellent selectivity to NH3 with a particularly high sensitivity of 0.10 ± 0.02 ppm−1 at sub-ppm concentrations in the case of WS2. The sensing behavior is explained on the bases of gas adsorption energies as well as carrier (hole) localization induced by the surface adsorbed moieties having reductive nature.
Electron energy loss spectroscopy of wall charges in plasma-facing dielectrics
Authors: Thiessen E , Bronold F X , Fehske H 
Published: June 2019

Abstract
We propose a setup enabling electron energy loss spectroscopy to determine the density of the electrons accumulated by an electropositive dielectric in contact with a plasma. It is based on a two-layer structure inserted into a recess of the wall. Consisting of a plasma-facing film made out of the dielectric of interest and a substrate layer, the structure is designed to confine the plasma-induced surplus electrons to the region of the film. The charge fluctuations they give rise to can then be read out from the backside of the substrate by near specular electron reflection. To obtain in this scattering geometry a strong charge-sensitive reflection maximum due to the surplus electrons, the film has to be most probably pre-n-doped and sufficiently thin with the mechanical stability maintained by the substrate. Taking electronegative CaO as a substrate layer we demonstrate the feasibility of the proposal by calculating the loss spectra for Al2O3, SiO2, and ZnO films. In all three cases we find a reflection maximum strongly shifting with the density of the surplus electrons and suggest to use it for charge diagnostics.
Efficient verification of bosonic quantum channels via benchmarking
Authors: Wu Ya-Dong , Sanders Barry C 
Published: June 2019

Abstract
We aim to devise feasible, efficient verification schemes for bosonic channels. To this end, we construct an average-fidelity witness that yields a tight lower bound for average fidelity plus a general framework for verifying optimal quantum channels. For both multi-mode unitary Gaussian channels and single-mode amplification channels, we present experimentally feasible average-fidelity witnesses and reliable verification schemes, for which sample complexity scales polynomially with respect to all channel specification parameters. Our verification scheme provides an approach to benchmark the performance of bosonic channels on a set of Gaussian-distributed coherent states by employing only two-mode squeezed vacuum states and local homodyne detections. Our results demonstrate how to perform feasible tests of quantum components designed for continuous-variable quantum information processing.
Hungry cities: how local food self-sufficiency relates to climate change, diets, and urbanisation
Authors: Kriewald Steffen , Pradhan Prajal , Costa Luis , Ros Anselmo García Cantú , Kropp Juergen P 
Published: June 2019

Abstract
Using a newly developed model approach and combining it with remote sensing, population, and climate data, first insights are provided into how local diets, urbanisation, and climate change relates to local urban food self-sufficiency. In plain terms, by utilizing the global peri-urban (PU) food production potential approximately 1bn urban residents (30% of global urban population) can be locally nourished, whereby further urbanisation is by far the largest pressure factor on PU agriculture, followed by a change of diets, and climate change. A simple global food transport model which optimizes transport and neglects differences in local emission intensities indicates that CO2 emissions related to food transport can be reduced by a factor of 10.
Effect of salinity, single and binary ionic compounds’ low salinity water on wettability alteration in carbonate rocks
Authors: Ho C , Ayoub M A 
Published: June 2019

AbstractLow salinity water flooding is one of the emerging enhanced oil recovery technologies as it has been proven economical and environmentally friendly. However, the recovery mechanism of low salinity water (LSW) is still under debatable due to the complex effect of low salinity water and its ionic compositions. Therefore, this study aims to discover the optimum seawater dilution salinity and influence of single and binary ionic compounds low salinity water on wettability alteration of carbonate core slices at optimum salinity. To achieve that, a modified Design of Experiments (DOE) has been implemented. Contact angle measurement was carried out to characterize the wettability of core slices at 0 hour, after 24 hours and after 48 hours. The results revealed that dilution of seawater reduced the contact angle of carbonate core slices towards more water wet until the optimum salinity of 1750ppm. Further dilution to 700ppm only shown a slight impact in shifting the wettability of the carbonate slices towards more water wet. In single ionic compound LSW, MgCl2showed the greatest ability in altering wettability. In binary ionic compounds LSW, it was found out that MgCl2mixed with ionic compounds containing monovalent ion is more effective in altering contact angle than MgCL2mixed with ionic compounds containing divalent ion which serve as a new finding in current low salinity water study on carbonate rocks.
Application of Ecovillage for the Redevelopment Strategy of Rural Communities in Taiwan. A Case Study of Jianguo Military Dependents’ Villages
Authors: Xie Jhong-Ping , Hsu Kuo-Wei 
Published: June 2019

Abstract
Agriculture in Taiwan is facing challenges of issues related to industrial pollution, ground subsidence, agricultural safety as well as rural regeneration. Yunlin County has among the highest output of agricultural products in Taiwan. To achieve “Taiwan agricultural technology corridor” policy, Yunlin County promoted sustainable development model for creative water and energy saving agriculture and low-carbon environment by hosted the 2013 “Agricultural Expo.” Jianguo military dependents’ village, located nearby the Agricultural Expo Ecological Park, is the representative agricultural military dependents’ village in Taiwan which is evaluated to be redeveloped. Previous studies approved sustainable development was benefited with residents. Relative literatures indicated that imported brought positive effects for local redevelopment. This study, therefore, reviews the relevant literature on eco-village, and proposes a redevelopment strategies framework for eco-village based on that review and a two-stage questionnaire administered to experts. The first stage utilized the Fuzzy Delphi Method, which focuses on impact factors, and the second, the Analytical Network Process Method, deals with performance factors. The results indicate that the key impacts on the ecovillage redevelopment strategies for Jianguo military dependents’ village were (2.1) water and energy efficiency, (2.2) community symbiosis, and (2.3) cultural preservation. Water recycle, energy saving, and agricultural technology are the most important criteria for eco-village redevelopment strategies of Jianguo military dependents’ village.
A customization-oriented carbon footprint service for mechanical products
Authors: Zhang Yajun , Yi Jianjun , Wang Zhuoran , He Liang 
Published: June 2019

Abstract
As the growing concerns of global warming, carbon footprint of a product becomes an important designing criterion. In recent years, the issue of product carbon emission has been extensively studied and most research focus on the computing method, life cycle assessment and optimized design of single category product. However, a lack of versatility in these existing research programs make them difficult to be applied in other product. Furthermore, in many cases, target customers are not concerned about carbon emissions throughout the life cycle of the product and full-cycle calculations of carbon emissions make no sense. To fill this gap, a service mode to provide quantification of carbon footprint for mechanical products is presented in this work. The multi-scale and full-direction system, which is based on process chain employing multiple scale task model is proposed to meet the different carbon footprint requirements, and then encapsulate it as a service to the user.
Application and thermal economic analysis of plate low pressure economizer in flue gas waste heat recovery
Authors: Xu X , Ju G D 
Published: June 2019

Abstract
Low pressure economizer is an important equipment to reduce exhaust gas temperature and recover waste heat of flue gas in power plants. In this paper, the welded plate heat exchanger is applied to the field of low pressure economizer. The waste heat of coal slag and flue gas is utilized comprehensively to raise the boiler feed water temperature and reduce coal consumption. The thermal economy of plate economizer and finned tube economizer is analyzed by the equivalent enthalpy drop method. The results show that the plate economizer has obvious advantages under the same pressure drop and heat load. Compared with the finned tube economizer, the heat transfer coefficient the of the plate economizer increases by more than 50%, and the volume decreases by about 2/3. After installing the slag cooler, the heat consumption rate decreases by 119.7 KJ/kWh, and the coal consumption decreases by 4.68 g/kWh.
Multi-criteria analysis for renewable energy generation: A case of Tokyo
Authors: Fitriyana Dinna , Prabawati Mutia , Tanuwijaya Frank , N Naimah Dintani Y 
Published: June 2019

Abstract
A multi-criteria analysis to determine the most suitable renewable energy technology in Tokyo, Japan, is presented in this study. Several criteria have been considered for the analysis including technical, social, economic, and environmental. Sensitivity analysis has been done to check the solidity of the data used in the analysis. The results show that the solar photovoltaic technology is preferred in Tokyo, followed by wind and biomass energy.
In-vitro and In-silico study on the acylation reaction of (-)-Isopulegol and L-Menthol Mixtures with Lipase from Rhizomuchor miehei
Authors: Iftitah Elvina Dhiatul , Yulasandini Izma Fitria , Utomo Edi Priyo 
Published: June 2019

AbstractIn-vitroandIn-silicostudy on the acylation reaction of (-)-isopulegol and l-menthol with lipase fromRhizomucor mieheihave been done. In this study, the acylation reaction was conducted by using two kinds of acyl source, acetic anhydride and vinyl acetate. The reaction was performed at 50°C and mole ratio of (-)-isopulegol:l-menthol:acetic acid anhydride or vinyl acetate was 1:1:3.In-vitrostudy, shows that lipase fromRhizomucor mieheihave catalyzed the acylation reaction in a good way, whereas acetic anhydride was more effectively as acyl source than vinyl acetate. The selectivity product of (-)-isopulegyl acetate and l-menthyl acetate after reaction in 24 h are 34,58% and 21,52% respectively.In-silicostudy gives the results which correlated within-vitrostudy, in case of determination the suitable of acyl source. There are verified by the value ofKdwhich represent the interaction between (-)-isopulegol, l-menthol or acyl source as ligand with lipase as macromolecule. This work also gives the prediction of mechanism reaction model fromin-silicostudy
The Effect of Parameter Combinations (Carbonization Temperature - Chemical Activator) on Degree of Graphitization, Aromaticity, and Fungsional Group of Rose Petal (Rosa sp) Based-Activated Carbon
Authors: Ikhtiarini Nur , Tjahjanto Rachmat Triandi , Setianingsih Tutik 
Published: June 2019

AbstractActivated carbon is a porous material which is produced from the carbonization of organic compounds by involving the activation process. Activated carbon can be used as an absorbent of heavy metal cations, anions, and organic compounds. Quality of activated carbon is determined by the crystal structure, aromaticity, and its surface functional group. Activated carbon consists of amorphous and graphite structures. The graphite structure in activated carbon is important because it determines its thermal stability. Content of graphite structure in the activated carbon is stated as degree of graphitization (DOG). Aromaticity (fa) is related to amount of carbon atoms which form graphene layers in the activated carbon. The oxygenated functional groups of the activated carbon determines its hydrophilic / hydrophobic nature. Purpose of this research is to learn effect of carbonization temperature - chemical activator (ZnCl2) combination on degree of graphitization, aromaticity, and functional group on activated carbon. This research was conducted by using a pink rose flower precursor, at activator/precursor mass ratio of 0.1 at carbonization temperature of 400, 600 and 800°C for two hours under nitrogen gas stream. Characterization was carried out with FTIR spectrophotometry and X-ray diffraction. The DOG and aromaticity were calculated based on intensity of the difractograms. The characterization with FTIR spectra related to –OH and aromatics C=C bond vibrations. The highest DOG was obtained by the activated carbon resulted at 400°C, i.e. 92.31%. However, no significant different of the aromaticity, about 0.42 to 0.50.
Organic rice farming: an alternative to sustainable agriculture
Authors: Johannes Hendro Putra , Priadi Cindy Rianti , Herdiansyah Herdis 
Published: June 2019

Abstract
As the key to sustainable development, water conducts significant contributions in contemporary environmental development challenges. However, water scarcity is still happening all over the world, including agrarian countries like Indonesia. In Indonesia, agricultural sector takes up to 70% to the national water consumption. In this sector, rice contributes to 69% of national water consumption of crop commodities. To address this issue, organic system comes up as an alternative by its potential in reducing water consumption. Moreover, in achieving sustainable agriculture, organic system is also addressing economic and social aspects. Therefore, this research aims to assess the sustainability status of organic rice farming in Sindangkerta Village, West Bandung, West Java, exploring the environmental, economic, and social aspects. In environmental aspect, organic rice farming consumes less water than the conventional, especially in its agricultural phases. This satisfying breakthrough is correlated with organic materials used, at the same time minimizing chemical substances that relates to less grey water footprint. Less grey water footprint impacts on less total water footprint, meaning less water consumption. Other practices such as water conservation also contribute. Compared to conventional rice farming, it saves about 30–50% of water consumption. In economic aspect the great number of economic valuation of organic rice seems useless because of the absence of market. To conclude, the organic rice farming in Sindangkerta Village is categorized fairly sustainable, therefore it can be a promising alternative to achieve sustainable agriculture.