bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Multi-task Bayesian model combining FDG-PET/CT imaging and clinical data for interpretable high-grade prostate cancer prognosis
Authors: Larose Maxence , Archambault Louis , Touma Nawar , Brodeur Raphaël , Desroches Félix , Raymond Nicolas , Bédard-Tremblay Daphnée , LeBlanc Danahé , Rasekh Fatemeh , Hovington Hélène , Neveu Bertrand , Vallières Martin , Pouliot Frédéric 
Published: November 2024

AbstractWe propose a fully automatic multi-task Bayesian model, named Bayesian Sequential Network (BSN), for predicting high-grade (Gleason $$\ge$$
≥
8) prostate cancer (PCa) prognosis using pre-prostatectomy FDG-PET/CT images and clinical data. BSN performs one classification task and five survival tasks: predicting lymph node invasion (LNI), biochemical recurrence-free survival (BCR-FS), metastasis-free survival, definitive androgen deprivation therapy-free survival, castration-resistant PCa-free survival, and PCa-specific survival (PCSS). Experiments are conducted using a dataset of 295 patients. BSN outperforms widely used nomograms on all tasks except PCSS, leveraging multi-task learning and imaging data. BSN also provides automated prostate segmentation, uncertainty quantification, personalized feature-based explanations, and introduces dynamic predictions, a novel approach that relies on short-term outcomes to refine long-term prognosis. Overall, BSN shows great promise in its ability to exploit imaging and clinicopathological data to predict poor outcome patients that need treatment intensification with loco-regional or systemic adjuvant therapy for high-risk PCa.
Increasing intensity directly increases the perceived warmth of primary colors
Authors: Hammond Billy R. , Gardner Colin R. , Wooten Billy R. , Renzi-Hammond Lisa 
Published: November 2024

AbstractThere is a long history of linking the perceptions of temperature and color (the “Hue-heat hypothesis”): red (R) and yellow (Y) are often considered warm, whereas blue (B) and green (G) are cool. Past studies, however, have largely used relatively broad-band light at a fixed intensity to test these relations. We tested whether increasing the intensity of highly saturated primary colors would lead to a concomitant change in the perceived temperature of those colors. 20 young healthy participants (M = 24.80±3.53 years; 45% female; 5% Hispanic; 45% non-White) with normal color vision were tested. An optical system with a Xenon-arc light source, chromatic filters (peak l = 465, 530, 572, 652 nm), and a circular neutral density wedge to vary intensity were used (5 intensity levels). Temperature perception was assessed using an ordinal scale from – 5 (coolest) to + 5 (warmest). The order of the colors used and the intensity levels were varied randomly. Considering the average across intensity levels, B (-1.87) and G (+ 1.09) were considered the coolest, whereas Y (+ 2.1) and R (+ 3.75) were considered the warmest colors. All colors, however, warmed with increasing intensity. A linear regression fit to the averaged data across luminance explained the majority of the variance: B (r2 = 0.78), Y (r2 = 0.93), G (r2 = 0.98), and R (r2 = 0.92). Consistent with past data, our results show that color is significantly linked with temperature perception. Increasing the luminance of colors, however, strongly shifts the perception toward increased warmth.
A seasonal investigation of indoor air quality in relation to architectural features in government office buildings in Enugu, Nigeria
Authors: Basil Amaka-Anolue Martha , Okwuosa Chiamaka Christiana , Uzuegbuanam Francis Onyechi , Ugwu Lawrence E. 
Published: November 2024

AbstractIndoor air quality (IAQ) is crucial to environmental health significantly impacting on the well-being and productivity of building occupants. Several studies have explored various aspects of IAQ in non-tropical regions but there is limited information on how seasonal variations affect IAQ in hot-humid climates like Enugu, Nigeria. This study investigated seasonal changes in key indoor air parameters including CO, CO2, HCHO, TVOC, temperature, RH, PM2.5, and AQI across rainy and dry seasons in 58 government offices in Enugu, and evaluated how these fluctuations relate to architectural features of the offices. Using a mixed-methods approach, data collection involved qualitative assessments of building design attributes alongside quantitative IAQ measurements taken with the BOSEAN T-Z01Pro detector. Seasonal variations were analyzed using paired T-tests, ANOVA, and regression models. The results revealed a marked increase in pollutant concentrations during the dry season (p < 0.001–0.005), resulting in a poorer air quality index compared to the rainy season. Architectural features accounted for 68.5% of the variability in AQI (R2 = 0.685, p = 0.000), with casement windows being significantly associated with better air quality (Exp B = -4.217, p = 0.013) These shows that the dry season poses a greater risk to IAQ which is worsened in offices where projecting windows were used, potentially impacting health and productivity. The study emphasizes the need to address seasonal IAQ differences when designing office buildings in tropical regions. Design architects can help reduce seasonal air quality challenges and support healthier, more productive indoor environments by incorporating ventilation strategies, such as the use of casement windows. Further research should include long-term monitoring across various settings and additional IAQ parameters for better understanding of IAQ dynamics.
Nonlinear transient analysis of water lubricated bearing in the turbulent regime
Authors: Mallya Ravindra , Pai Raghuvir , Shenoy Baloor Satish 
Published: November 2024

AbstractInfluence of turbulence on the stability characteristics of a water lubricated journal bearing is analyzed. Locus of the journal centre is plotted using the non – linear transient analysis method for different flow regimes of the bearing subjected to three different types of loading. The bearing groove angles of 18o and 36o is considered for the analysis. Turbulent coefficients are incorporated in the modified form of Reynolds equation which is solved using the 4th order Runge-Kutta method. The path traversed by journal centre is generated for different loading conditions and the stability of the bearing is examined. For periodic and fluctuating rotating loads, the journal centre traversed shorter path and reached stable position when the flow regime changed from laminar to turbulent.
Intraband transitions at a CsPbBr3/GaAs heterointerface in a two-step photon upconversion solar cell
Authors: Mahamu Hambalee , Asahi Shigeo , Kita Takashi 
Published: November 2024

AbstractTwo-step photon upconversion solar cells (TPU-SCs) based on III–V semiconductors can achieve enhanced sub-bandgap photon absorption because of intraband transitions at the heterointerface. From a technological aspect, the question arose whether similar intraband transitions can be realized by using perovskite/III–V semiconductor heterointerfaces. In this article, we demonstrate a TPU-SC based on a CsPbBr3/GaAs heterointerface. Such a solar cell can ideally achieve an energy conversion efficiency of 48.5% under 1-sun illumination. This is 2.1% higher than the theoretical efficiency of an Al0.3Ga0.7As/GaAs-based TPU-SC. Experimental results of the CsPbBr3/GaAs-based TPU-SC show that both the short-circuit current JSC and the open-circuit voltage VOC increase with additional illumination of sub-bandgap photons. We analyze the excitation power dependence of JSC for different excitation conditions to discuss the mechanisms behind the enhancement. In addition, the observed voltage-boost clarifies that the JSC enhancement is caused by an adiabatic optical process at the CsPbBr3/GaAs heterointerface, where sub-bandgap photons efficiently pump the electrons accumulated at the heterointerface to the conduction band of CsPbBr3. Besides the exceptional optoelectronic properties of CsPbBr3 and GaAs, the availability of a CsPbBr3/GaAs heterointerface for two-step photon upconversion paves the way for the development of high-efficiency perovskite/III–V semiconductor-based single-junction solar cells.
Linear and nonlinear ultrasound parameters attributed to anisotropy in granite
Authors: Baek Seungo , Kim Kwang Yeom , Kim Gun , Yun Tae Sup 
Published: November 2024

AbstractThe anisotropic nature of granite, a key factor affecting its mechanical properties, is inherently governed by its mineral alignment and the presence of orthogonal cleavage planes: rift, grain, and hardway. This study examines how these cleavage planes influence anisotropy, particularly in the context of microcracking formation and acoustic properties. A new measurement procedure for the acoustic nonlinearity parameter ($$\:\beta\:$$) is developed to address the well-known limitations of conventional linear ultrasound methods, including wave velocity and attenuation coefficient, in detecting microstructural changes induced by existing cleavage planes. Unlike other parameters, $$\:\beta\:$$ exhibits remarkable changes depending on the plane type, highlighting its high sensitivity to the mineral distribution in each cleavage plane and to the microcracks. A correlation between the linear and nonlinear parameters provides further evidence of the superiority of $$\:\beta\:$$ in detecting inherent microscale defects that develop in each plane and affect the anisotropic characteristics of granite. The findings of this study confirm that nonlinear ultrasound is capable of elucidating the mechanisms underlying the origin of anisotropy in granite due to microcracks, with broader implications for understanding unidentified chemical and mechanical phenomena in geological materials.
Establishment of liquid biopsy procedure for the analysis of circulating cell free DNA, exosomes, RNA and proteins in colorectal cancer and adenoma patients
Authors: Čeri Andrea , Somborac-Bačura Anita , Fabijanec Marija , Hulina-Tomašković Andrea , Matusina Marko , Detel Dijana , Verbanac Donatella , Barišić Karmela 
Published: November 2024

AbstractLiquid biopsy has an underexplored diagnostic potential in colorectal cancer (CRC). Sufficient quantity and quality of its elements (circulating cell-free DNA (ccfDNA), exosomes and exosomal RNA) are essential for accurate results. The present study aims to establish the optimal protocol for handling liquid biopsy samples. Samples were obtained by collecting peripheral blood from colorectal adenoma patients in CellSave tubes. Plasma was separated within six hours using differential centrifugation and aliquots stored at – 20/– 80 °C until further processing. Three methods for isolation of ccfDNA, and two combinations of kits for isolation of exosomes and exosomal RNA were tested. The quality and quantity of ccfDNA isolates were evaluated. Exosomes were characterised by determining size, concentration, and total and specific protein content. Expression of chosen microRNAs, miR-19a-3p and miR-92-3p, which have been implicated in CRC progression, were determined. The vacuum-column-based kit showed the highest quantities of isolated ccfDNA (P-value < 0.001). Kits for exosome isolation significantly differed in size (P-value = 0.016), concentration (P-value = 0.016) and protein content (P-value = 0.016). There was no significant difference in expressions of miR-19a-3p (P-value = 0.219) and miR-92a-3p (P-value = 0.094) between the two isolation kits. The new, adapted protocol described, enables simultaneous analysis of multiple elements when investigating potential biomarkers of CRC.
Sources of variation in the serum metabolome of female participants of the HUNT2 study
Authors: Debik Julia , Mrowiec Katarzyna , Kurczyk Agata , Widłak Piotr , Jelonek Karol , Bathen Tone F. , Giskeødegård Guro F. 
Published: November 2024

AbstractThe aim of this study was to explore the intricate relationship between serum metabolomics and lifestyle factors, shedding light on their impact on health in the context of breast cancer risk. Detailed metabolic profiles of 2283 female participants in the Trøndelag Health Study (HUNT study) were obtained through nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy and mass spectrometry (MS).We show that lifestyle-related variables can explain up to 30% of the variance in individual metabolites. Age and obesity were the primary factors affecting the serum metabolic profile, both associated with increased levels of triglyceride-rich very low-density lipoproteins (VLDL) and intermediate-density lipoproteins (IDL), amino acids and glycolysis-related metabolites, and decreased levels of high-density lipoproteins (HDL). Moreover, factors like hormonal changes associated with menstruation and contraceptive use or education level influence the metabolite levels.Participants were clustered into three distinct clusters based on lifestyle-related factors, revealing metabolic similarities between obese and older individuals, despite diverse lifestyle factors, suggesting accelerated metabolic aging with obesity. Our results show that metabolic associations to cancer risk may partly be explained by modifiable lifestyle factors.
Sedimentary biomarkers of human presence and taro cultivation reveal early horticulture in Remote Oceania
Authors: Camperio Giorgia , Ladd S. Nemiah , Prebble Matiu , Lloren Ronald , Argiriadis Elena , Nelson Daniel B. , Krentscher Christiane , Dubois Nathalie 
Published: November 2024

AbstractRemote Oceania was among the last places settled by humans. However, the timing of initial human settlements and the early introduction of horticulture remain debated. We retrieved a sediment core close to Teouma, the oldest cemetery in Remote Oceania that reveals evidence of initial settlement, horticulture practice, and concurrent climatic conditions on the island of Efate, Vanuatu. Sedimentary biomarkers indicating human presence (coprostanol and epicoprostanol), and taro cultivation (palmitone), increase simultaneously, attesting to the early introduction of horticulture by first settlers. The precipitation signal preserved in leaf waxes shows that the initial settlement occurred during a period of increasing wetness—climatic conditions favourable for the establishment of horticulture. The timing of these events is constrained by a high-resolution radiocarbon chronology that places the first unequivocal trace of human activity and horticulture at 2800 years ago. These findings advance our understanding of human history in the Pacific.
Towards a method for forecasting earthquakes in Iceland using changes in groundwater chemistry
Authors: Skelton Alasdair , Sturkell Erik , Mörth Carl-Magnus , Stockmann Gabrielle , Jónsson Sigurjón , Stefansson Andri , Liljedahl‐Claesson Lillemor , Wästeby Niklas , Andrén Margareta , Tollefsen Elin , Gunnarsson Robin Jóhann , Keller Nicole , Geirsson Halldór , Hjartarson Hreinn , Kockum Ingrid 
Published: November 2024

AbstractAn advance has been made towards a method for forecasting earthquakes several months before they occur. The method relies on changes of groundwater chemistry as earthquake precursors. In a study published in 2014, we showed that changes of groundwater chemistry occurred prior to and were associated with two earthquakes of magnitude 5 and higher, which affected northern Iceland in 2012 and 2013. Here we test the hypothesis that similar or larger earthquakes could have been forecast in the following decade (i.e. 2014–2023) based on our published findings. We found that we could have forecast one of the three greater than magnitude 5 earthquakes that occurred. Noting that changes of groundwater chemistry were oscillatory, we infer expansion and contraction of the groundwater source region caused by coupled crustal dilation and fracture mineralisation associated with the stress build-up before earthquakes. We conclude by proposing how our approach could be implemented elsewhere.
General feature selection technique supporting sex-debiasing in chronic illness algorithms validated using wearable device data
Authors: Burks Jamison H. , Bruce Lauryn Keeler , Kasl Patrick , Soltani Severine , Viswanath Varun , Hartogensis Wendy , Dilchert Stephan , Hecht Frederick M. , Dasgupta Subhasis , Altintas Ilkay , Gupta Amarnath , Mason Ashley E. , Smarr Benjamin L. 
Published: November 2024

AbstractIn tasks involving human health condition data, feature selection is heavily affected by data types, the complexity of the condition manifestation, and the variability in physiological presentation. One type of variability often overlooked or oversimplified is the effect of biological sex. As females have been chronically underrepresented in clinical research, we know less about how conditions manifest in females. Innovations in wearable technology have enabled individuals to generate high temporal resolution data for extended periods of time. With millions of days of data now available, additional feature selection pipelines should be developed to systematically identify sex-dependent variability in data, along with the effects of how many per-person data are included in analysis. Here we present a set of statistical approaches as a technique for identifying sex-dependent physiological and behavioral manifestations of complex diseases starting from longitudinal data, which are evaluated on diabetes, hypertension, and their comorbidity.
An effective orange-red solution-processed circularly polarized organic light-emitting diode
Authors: Wang Junqing , Lai Xiaoyi , Zhou Yongzhi , Hua Lei , Zhu Weiguo , Duan Pengfei , Wang Yafei 
Published: November 2024

Two orange-red emission circularly polarized thermally activated delayed fluorescence emitters (R)-ad-PXZ/(S)-ad-PXZ were synthesized. The solution processable device exhibits the maximum external quantum efficiency of 9.0% and gEL value of 10−3.
Mentorship of New(er) School-Based Speech-Language Pathologists Beyond the Clinical Fellowship: A Pilot Study
Authors: Becker Robyn 
Published: November 2024

Purpose:
The purpose of this pilot study was to explore the perspectives of school-based speech-language pathologists (SLPs) with varying levels of experience to identify the components of a postclinical fellow (CF) school-based speech-language pathology mentorship program, barriers to implementation, and potential solutions.

Method:
After seeking feedback from school-based SLPs, a survey was created and distributed via e-mail and national social media sites. Topics included gathering perspectives about experiences with school-based speech-language pathology mentorship, components of a possible post-CF mentorship program, barriers to implementation, and potential solutions.

Results:
Sixty-five school-based SLPs with varying years of experience responded to the survey. Results suggested that respondents felt a setting-specific post-CF school-based speech-language pathology mentorship program may be valuable. Time, compensation, and filling knowledge gaps were identified as both important components of a mentor program but also potential challenges to implementation.

Conclusions:
A post-CF school-based speech-language pathology mentorship program has the potential to be beneficial to both parties in tangible and intangible ways. SLPs appear to be interested in mentorship not only as a way to support future generations of SLPs but also for a sense of self-fulfillment and professional development. A formal mentorship program may operationalize support related to decision making, advocacy, paperwork, scheduling, and working through challenging cases.
Inferring stellar parameters and their uncertainties from high-resolution spectroscopy using invertible neural networks
Authors: Candebat N. , Sacco G. G. , Magrini L. , Belfiore F. , Van der Swaelmen M. , Zibetti S. 
Published: November 2024

Context. New spectroscopic surveys will increase the number of astronomical objects in need of characterisation by more than an order of magnitude. Machine learning tools are required to address this data deluge in a fast and accurate fashion. Most machine learning algorithms cannot directly estimate error, making them unsuitable for reliable science.
Aims. We aim to train a supervised deep-learning algorithm tailored for high-resolution observational stellar spectra. This algorithm accurately infers precise estimates while providing coherent estimates of uncertainties by leveraging information from both the neural network and the spectra.
Methods. We trained a conditional invertible neural network (cINN) on observational spectroscopic data obtained from the GIRAFFE spectrograph (HR 10 and HR 21 setups) within the Gaia-ESO survey. A key feature of cINN is its ability to produce the Bayesian posterior distribution of parameters for each spectrum. By analysing this distribution, we inferred stellar parameters and their corresponding uncertainties. We carried out several tests to investigate how parameters are inferred and errors are estimated.
Results. We achieved an accuracy of 28 K in Teff, 0.06 dex in log ɡ, 0.03 dex in [Fe/H], and between 0.05 dex and 0.17 dex for the other abundances for high-quality spectra. Accuracy remains stable with low signal-to-noise ratio (between 5 and 25) spectra, with an accuracy of 39 K in Teff, 0.08 dex in log ɡ, and 0.05 dex in [Fe/H]. The uncertainties obtained are well within the same order of magnitude. The network accurately reproduces astrophysical relationships both on the scale of the Milky Way and within smaller star clusters. We created a table containing the new parameters generated by our cINN.
Conclusions. This neural network represents a compelling proposition for future astronomical surveys. These derived uncertainties are coherent and can therefore be reused in future works as Bayesian priors.
Investigation of the nature of the wind interaction in HD 93205 based on multi-epoch X-ray observations
Authors: Arora Bharti , De Becker Michaël 
Published: November 2024

Context. The study of the X-ray emission from massive binaries constitutes a relevant approach to investigate shock physics. The case of short period binaries may turn out to be quite challenging, especially in very asymmetric systems where the primary wind may overwhelm that of the secondary in the wind interaction.
Aims. Our objective consists in providing an observational diagnostic of the X-ray behavior of HD 93205, which is a very good candidate with which to investigate these aspects.
Methods. We analyzed 31 epochs of XMM-Newton X-ray data spanning about two decades to investigate its spectral and timing behavior.
Results. The X-ray spectrum is very soft along the full orbit, with a luminosity exclusively from the wind interaction region in the range of 2.3–5.4×1032 erg s−1. The light curve peaks close to periastron, with a rather wide pre-periastron low state coincident with the secondary’s body hiding a part of the X-ray emitting region close to its surface. We determined a variability timescale of 6.0807 ± 0.0013 d, in full agreement with the orbital period. Making use of a one-dimensional approach to deal with mutual radiative effects, our results point to a very likely hybrid wind interaction, with a wind photosphere occurring along most of the orbit, while a brief episode of wind-wind interaction may still develop close to apastron. Besides mutual radiative effects, the radiative nature of the shock that leads to some additional pre-shock obliquity of the primary wind flow certainly explains the very soft emission.
Conclusions. HD 93205 constitutes a relevant target to investigate shock physics in short period, asymmetric massive binary systems, where various mutual radiative effects and radiative shocks concur to display an instructive soft X-ray behavior. HD 93205 should be considered as a valid, though challenging target for future three-dimensional modeling initiatives.