bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
(117) RETROSPECTIVE EVALUATION OF POST-SURGICAL ORCHALGIA IN MEN UNDERGOING NO-SCALPEL VASECTOMY
Authors: Morra M , Dhillon H , Nayak J , Patel P 
Published: December 2024

Abstract

Introduction
Vasectomy is a form of permanent contraception in men that is safe, effective, and widely utilized. While complications are relatively uncommon, patients may experience post-vasectomy pain syndrome (PVPS) postsurgically. Current literature quotes a broad range in the incidence of chronic orchalgia following no-scalpel vasectomy from 0.6% - 26%. Chronic scrotal pain associated with a negative impact on quality of life, occurs after vasectomy in about 1-2% of men. Current guidelines state that few of these men require additional surgery, but there is scarce data on the actual proportion of men who will go on to receive surgical treatment for pain.

Objective
We sought to evaluate our incidence of post vasectomy pain as well as the rate of surgical management of post vasectomy pain with the objective of better counselling patients on the risks of vasectomy and subsequent surgeries.

Methods
A chart review was performed for all men who underwent a vasectomy at the Men's Health Clinic during a 20-month period. Their baseline characteristics were collected including age, previous scrotal surgery and history of orchalgia. The presence of pain or complications was collected at a 3 month follow up appointment. Patients with pain were then followed every 6-8 weeks for continued management.

Results
A total of 350 men underwent elective no scalpel vasectomy during this period, with a median age of 37. The majority of patients had no previous history of orchalgia (98%), or history of previous scrotal surgery (94%) and there was no association between these variables on post vasectomy pain. At 3 months post vasectomy, 38/350 (11%) of patients had ongoing pain, while 89% did not report post-operative issues or pain. There was no statistical difference in age between both groups. Semen analysis was only completed by 227/350 (65%) of patients, with 96% of those patients azoospermic. One patient has required surgery (epididymectomy) for management of post vasectomy pain 3 months following vasectomy and now has complete resolution of his pain.

Conclusions
Our retrospective analysis of 350 men who underwent no scalpel vasectomy shows a significant proportion of post vasectomy pain of some degree at the 3-month follow-up appointment, although most cases are resolving or minor and only one patient has required surgical management. This data highlights the importance of counselling men undergoing vasectomy regarding the risks of post procedure orchalgia and the small proportion of men who will require additional surgical intervention.

Disclosure
No.
(124) SUBFERTILITY RISK IN MALE SIBLINGS OF PEDIATRIC BILATERAL INGUINAL SURGERY PATIENTS
Authors: Langston D , Slade A , Malhotra N , Schaeffer A , Hotaling J , Lau G 
Published: December 2024

Abstract

Introduction
Cryptorchidism, a condition linked to male infertility, often presents with bilateral undescended testicles in about 10% of cases. While surgery aims to preserve fertility, genetic predispositions to sub-fertility among brothers of those who had pediatric bilateral inguinal surgery remain under explored.

Objective
In this study, we compared fertility outcomes between males who had bilateral inguinal surgery for hernias or undescended testes and their brothers, hypothesizing a higher sub-fertility risk among brothers of pediatric bilateral orchiopexy patients.

Methods
A statewide database that combines demographic, medical, and residential data for over 90% of the state's pediatric population was used. Our cohort were patients who underwent B/L IHR or BO prior to age 18, and their brothers born within 10 years of the B/L IHR or BO cases. A logistic regression model with clustering on family was performed to assess the likelihood for male siblings to develop male factor infertility controlling for time in Utah since 1996, infertility in the spouse, or unidentified partner data. A mixed-effect Poisson regression with the same parameters was used to assess the number of children in each group.

Results
1019 B/L IHR siblings (627 cases), 360 BO siblings (221 cases), were identified from 1996-2022. The BO sibling cohort was majority white (93.6%), non-Hispanic (74.5%), and 32.5% of the cohort had at least 1 child. Regression analysis revealed brothers of BO patients had a higher likelihood of infertility (2.2% vs. 0.4% IHR-brother, P = 0.004) and their odds of infertility trended towards a higher likelihood (HR = 0.73, [0.3-2.0], P = 0.5) when compared to B/L IHR-brother (HR = 0.2, [0.1-0.6], P = 0.004). While not statistically significant for the BO cohort, this would suggest a trend towards a genetic association.

Conclusions
BO shows a genetic influence on sub-fertility, with increased infertility diagnoses among male siblings versus B/L IHR. Conversely, male siblings of B/L IHR patients exhibit significantly lower infertility rates, suggesting surgery-related factors predominate in adulthood infertility diagnoses post-pediatric B/L IHR.

Disclosure
Any of the authors act as a consultant, employee or shareholder of an industry for: StreamDx, Inherent Bioscience, Turtle Health, Maimus, Carrot Fertility.
(139) THE ARTIFICIAL URINARY SPHINCTER IMPROVES DEPRESSION, ANXIETY AND OVERALL EMOTIONAL HEALTH IN MEN WITH STRESS URINARY INCONTINENCE; ANALYSIS OF THE ARTIFICIAL URINARY SPHINCTER CLINICAL OUTCOMES TRIAL (AUSCO)
Authors: Peterson A , Wood H , Chaussee E , Elliott S , Vanni A , Jones L , Broghammer J , Henry G , Breyer B , Erickson B , Burnett A , Terlecki R , Johnsen N , Chan L , Meyer J , Flynn B , Khavari R , Rainbow K , Smith T , Kaufman M 
Published: December 2024

Abstract

Introduction
The artificial urinary sphincter (AUS) has been available for over 50 years with excellent outcomes for the treatment of male stress urinary incontinence (SUI). However, few reports focus on the effects an AUS may have on mental health in men with SUI.

Objective
We examined the effects on depression, anxiety and overall emotional health in patients treated for SUI with the AUS.

Methods
The Artificial Urinary Sphincter Clinical Outcomes Trial (AUSCO) is a single-arm, prospective, multi-center study designed to evaluate objective and subjective outcomes of men with SUI treated with the AMS 800 AUS. This was approved by each institutional committee on ethics in human investigation (NCT04088331). A total of 115 subjects were implanted at 17 sites. Subjects served as their own controls and follow-up assessments at 3-, 6-, and 12-months post device activation were compared to baseline values. The Incontinence QoL (IQoL), Incontinence Impact Questionnaire (IIQ-7), and EQ-5D-5L were administered at these intervals.

Results
Of the 115 implanted subjects, 100 completed QoL assessments at 12 months as of May 2024. Depression rating (Item 5, IQoL) significantly improved from baseline to 12 months, with 85% (85/100) of patients reporting feeling at least “a little” depressed at baseline decreasing to 39% (39/100) at 12 months (p &lt; 0.0001). Emotional health rating (Item 6, IIQ-7) also improved, with 16% (16/100) patients reporting being “greatly” affected by incontinence at baseline decreasing to 3% (3/100) at 12 months (p &lt; 0.0001). The anxiety/depression domain on the EQ-5D-5L (Item 5) was also significantly improved, with 50% (50/100) of patients reporting being at least “slightly” anxious or depressed at baseline decreasing to 30% (30/100) at 12 months (p = &lt;0.0001) (Table).

Conclusions
The AUS has been commonly referred to as the “gold standard” for treatment of men with stress urinary incontinence for over half a century. While multiple reports focus on improvement in volume of leakage, fewer concentrate on quality of life with emphasis on its effects on depression and related mental health scores. This data clearly demonstrates that treatment of SUI in patients with the AUS improves depression symptoms and anxiety for these patients.

Disclosure
Yes, this is sponsored by industry/sponsor: Boston Scientific.
Clarification: Industry initiated, executed and funded study.
Any of the authors act as a consultant, employee or shareholder of an industry for: Boston Scientific.
Effect of pelvic arterial stenosis on erectile function: determining the severity threshold for erectile dysfunction
Authors: Huang Wei-Lun , Tung Sheng-Yung , Tseng Chi-Shin , Wang Tzung-Dau , Lee Wen-Jeng , Chen Jyh-Horng , Su Yann-Ron , Chang Hong-Chiang , Chang Yi-Kai 
Published: December 2024

Abstract

Background
Pelvic arterial (PLA) stenosis is associated with arterial insufficiency of the penis and erectile dysfunction (ED), but the effect of different severities of PLA stenosis on ED remains unclear.

Aim
To investigate how different severities of PLA stenosis affect erectile function.

Methods
We included patients who visited our clinic for ED and underwent computed tomography angiography (CTA) and dynamic duplex sonography (DUS). The erectile hardness score (EHS), simplified International Index of Erectile Function (IIEF-5), DUS and CTA results, and flow index (FI) calculated from the peak systolic velocity (PSV) and PLA stenosis percentages were analyzed. EHS &lt; 3 was defined as significant ED. PLA stenosis was analyzed by the mean PLA (average of the right and left PLA) and unilateral or bilateral stenoses. According to severity, stenosis was classified as mild, moderate, or severe.

Outcomes
Subjective and objective parameters, including the IIEF-5 score, EHS, PSV, and FI, in relation to different severities of PLA stenosis.

Results
The study included 182 patients. Vascular parameters such as the mean PSV, PLA stenosis, and FI correlated with EHS and IIEF-5 scores. Receiver operating characteristic analyses for predicting EHS ≥ 3 showed that all vascular parameters had acceptable discriminatory ability. During the analysis performed using the mean PSA stenosis, EHS decreased in patients with mild and severe mean PLA stenosis, although a PSV drop was noted only in severe cases. The proportion achieving EHS 3 significantly dropped in patients with at least mild mean PLA stenosis. Using unilateral or bilateral PLA stenosis, the EHS significantly dropped in patients with severe unilateral and bilateral PLA stenosis, with PSV decreasing on the affected side in severe unilateral stenosis. However, the mean PSV did not drop despite different unilateral stenosis severities. The proportion achieving EHS 3 significantly dropped among patients with at least moderate unilateral PLA stenosis and bilateral PLA stenosis but not in mild unilateral cases.

Clinical Implications
The severity of PLA stenosis is correlated with the risk of ED.

Strengths & Limitations
The strength of this study lies in its analysis of the effect of PLA stenosis on erectile function from various perspectives, including unilateral, bilateral, and mean stenosis. However, the absence of validation regarding the outcomes of endovascular therapy is a limitation.

Conclusion
Mild mean PLA stenosis and moderate unilateral PLA stenosis are associated with increased risks of ED; however, mild unilateral PLA stenosis does not affect erectile function.
Military Nurses’ Deployment Experiences: A Qualitative Metasynthesis
Authors: Christiansen Mollie F , Tice Whitney , Kessinger Stephanie , Coats Heather 
Published: December 2024

ABSTRACT

Introduction
Military medical personnel, including nurses, face a wide array of emotional and psychological issues while deployed. Understanding the challenges military nurses face in the deployed setting may prove useful in effectively preparing nurse leaders for future disaster responses in the military and civilian sectors. The purpose of this metasynthesis is to answer the following research question: What are the experiences of U.S. military and allied nurses deployed to medical facilities in combat operations and support areas since 9/11/2001?

Methods
A qualitative metasynthesis was conducted to determine commonality of combat-related deployment experiences for U.S. military and allied nurses. After development of the research question, this metasynthesis included 4 steps: (1) perform structured literature search, (2) critical appraisal, (3) reciprocal translation, and (4) synthesize findings. Studies were limited to the years 2004-2023 to focus the search on Operation Enduring Freedom and Operation Iraqi Freedom-related deployments. Reference review of studies retrieved through database search also contributed to the final sample. Screening criteria included: (1) qualitative or mixed methods studies, (2) sample comprised of U.S. or allied country medical/nursing personnel, and (3) care primarily occurring in a fixed facility located in Iraq, Afghanistan, or Kuwait. Studies focusing on reintegration after deployment or air evacuation personnel/nonfixed facility settings were excluded. A total of 11 studies met inclusion criteria. Critical appraisal was conducted on all studies. Data analysis utilized an inductive and iterative process. Reciprocal translation and meta-ethnographic techniques were used to identify words/phases that contained significant meaning and to identify themes/subthemes. Themes formed that described commonalities across nurses’ experiences.

Results
Three primary themes arise from critical examination of military nurses’ deployment experiences: (1) “care in a combat zone,” (2) “leadership in a combat zone,” and (3) “personhood.” The subthemes address experiences or concerns related to an individual participant’s role as a “care giver,” “leader,” or “person.” The 3 themes formed by this qualitative metasynthesis represent a holistic view of a military nurse in a deployed setting.

Conclusions
Military nurses’ deployment experiences relate to their multiple role(s) as a clinician, officer, and human being. By better understanding military nurses’ past deployment experiences and related themes, nurse leaders and individuals can better prepare for supporting staff in future combat operations. The complexities of “caring,” “leading,” and “personhood” may contribute to emotional distress among deployed military medical personnel.
Seronegative rheumatoid arthritis found in an 85-year-old woman during preoperative investigations for knee replacement surgery for osteoarthritis
Authors: Nakano Haruka , Hirao Makoto , Kim Dong Seop , Okamura Gensuke , Hoshida Yoshihiko , Noguchi Takaaki , Etani Yuki , Ebina Kosuke , Okada Seiji , Hashimoto Jun , Ohshima Shiro 
Published: December 2024

ABSTRACT
This report describes the case of an 85-year-old woman who was found to have seronegative rheumatoid arthritis during preoperative investigations for knee replacement surgery for osteoarthritis. Follow-up for knee osteoarthritis was continued for many years without any symptoms involving other joints. Before total knee arthroplasty for osteoarthritis, preoperative investigations revealed a highly inflammatory state. After differential diagnosis, seronegative rheumatoid arthritis was diagnosed. Even in preoperative investigations before total knee arthroplasty for very old patients with osteoarthritis, the possibility of rheumatoid arthritis developing should always be kept in mind.
A chimeric RNA consisting of siRNA and aptamer for inhibiting dengue virus replication
Authors: Amano Ryo , Takahashi Masaki , Haga Kazumi , Yamamoto Mizuki , Goto Kaku , Ichinose Akiko , Hamada Michiaki , Gohda Jin , Inoue Jun-ichiro , Kawaguchi Yasushi , Moi Meng Ling , Nakamura Yoshikazu 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
Silencing viruses by chimeric RNAs, wherein small interfering RNAs (siRNAs) targeting viral RNAs are conjugated with RNA aptamers specific to viral envelope proteins, is a promising treatment for viral infection diseases; however, practical evaluations are apparently lacking. Here, we present a chimeric RNA comprises siRNA and RNA aptamer, both of which target all four serotypes of dengue virus (DENV), for suppressing DENV replication. The siRNA targeting consensus sequences in the 3′-UTR of all four DENV serotypes suppressed the expression of a reporter gene carrying the siRNA-targeted sequence of DENV-1 by ∼70%. The RNA aptamer generated by VLP-SELEX using DENV-1-VLPs as baits showed an affinity for all four DENV-VLP serotypes, presumably without affecting the fusion process. After conjugation of each modality, the chimeric RNA significantly suppressed authentic DENV-1 and DENV-2 production in vitro. Our study provides evidence that chimeric RNA is a potentially effective antiviral agent.
Current Trends in the Allocation of NIH Funding of Brain Tumor Research
Authors: Nawabi Noah L A , Saway Brian F , Jha Rohan , Pereira Matheus , Mehta Neel , Das Arabinda , Zukas Alicia , Lindhorst Scott , Strickland Ben A 
Published: December 2024

Abstract

Background
The National Institute of Health (NIH) provides a sizable annual budget towards brain tumor research. However, funding allocation for specific pathologies remains poorly described. We aimed to characterize the current landscape of NIH funding towards brain tumors as a function of pathology.

Methods
NIHRePORTER was queried to identify studies focused on glioblastoma, pediatric glioma, oligodendroglioma, brain metastasis, meningioma, pituitary adenoma, and vestibular schwannoma, from 2000-2023. Studies with R, U and P funding mechanisms were included. Data was compiled and assessed according to pathology.

Results
Across these 7 tumors, 3,320 unique studies with R, U, or P funding mechanisms were identified from 2000-2023. These were conducted across 480 unique institutions. The sum of funds allocated to all studies was $1,607,662,631. Glioblastoma commanded the largest portion of funds, representing 54% of R mechanisms, 55% of R01-funded studies, 48% of U mechanisms, and 49% of P mechanisms, and accounted for 51% ($813,556,423) of total funding. Brain metastasis was the second most-funded tumor, representing 31% of all R mechanisms, 31% of all R01-funded studies, 26% of all U mechanisms, and 28% of all P mechanisms, and accounted for 29% ($472,715,745) of funding. The remaining 14% of R mechanisms, 26% of U mechanisms, and 23% of P mechanisms focused on the remaining pathologies, and accounted for 20% ($321,390,463) of funding.

Conclusions
The current landscape of NIH funding for brain tumor research indicates awarded mechanisms prioritize malignant intra-axial malignancies. Despite their prevalence, skull base neoplasia are far less represented in NIH funded studies.
A scoping review of diffuse hemispheric glioma, H3 G34-mutant: Epigenetic and molecular profiles, clinicopathology, and treatment avenues
Authors: Tang Kayen , Cesaire Melissa , McDonald Taylor , Cimino Patrick J , Castro Maria G , Jackson Sadhana 
Published: December 2024

Abstract

Background
Survival of pediatric and young adults with malignant glioma remains poor despite progress in treatment. This is especially true for diffuse hemispheric glioma (DHG), H3 G34-mutant, which is often present in adolescent and young adult patients. This scoping review consolidates existing knowledge of DHG H3 G34-mutant and identifies future targets and therapeutic options. By streamlining this information, we aim to elucidate knowledge gaps in the field to better inform the community and motivate future research efforts.

Methods
In October 2024, MEDLINE, Embase, Cochrane Library, and Web of Science Core Collection were searched. Two reviewers screened all articles by title and abstract review and 3 independent reviewers extracted all studies meeting inclusion criteria relevant to H3G34R/V tumors (preclinical and clinical studies).

Results
Of the 2203 articles screened, 220 were deemed eligible (79 literature reviews, 7 systematic reviews, 63 preclinical studies, and 71 clinically oriented studies). We found that the United States and Acta Neuropathologica were the top country and journal contributors, respectively.

Conclusion
For this disease, it is critical to the field to conduct further research related to complexities of the tumor microenvironment, translation of preclinical studies to therapeutic early phase trials, and determining the role of targeted central nervous system drug delivery, so as to improve disease prognosis and survival.
Immunocompetent murine glioblastoma stem-like cell models exhibiting distinct phenotypes
Authors: Kardani Kimia , Ghouse Shanawaz M , Din Abdul Jabbar Muzammil Arif , Rajasubramanian Namita , Sanchez Gil Judit , Stemmer-Rachamimov Anat , Soda Yasushi , Martuza Robert L , Hara Toshiro , Wakimoto Hiroaki , Rabkin Samuel D 
Published: December 2024

Abstract

Background
Glioblastoma (GBM) treatment is hindered by a dearth of representative mouse GBM preclinical models in immunocompetent mice. Here, we characterized 5 murine GBM stem-like cell (mGSC) models derived from lentivirus-induced tumors in transgenic mice that are driven by the activation of the Nf1-Ras signaling pathway and inactivation of Tp53.

Methods
MGSC lines (005, RIG, NF53, C1, and C3) were cultured as spheres in serum-free stem cell media. Whole exome sequencing (WES) was employed to quantify single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs). Stem cell properties were characterized by stemness in vitro and tumorigenicity after intracerebral implantation in C57BL/6 mice. Tumor phenotypes and the immune microenvironment were characterized by immunohistochemistry, flow cytometry, and RNA sequencing.

Results
WES revealed a large variation in coding sequence SNPs across mGSC lines (~20-fold), likely influenced by the mixed backgrounds of the parental mice. MGSCs exhibited variable clonogenic sphere formation and CD133 expression levels. In vivo, they consistently initiated lethal malignant gliomas, with median survival ranging from 29 to 82 days, and showed strong CD44 expression and variable invasiveness. The tumor microenvironment featured an abundance of CD68+ macrophages and uniform high PD-L1+ myeloid cells, while T-cell infiltration varied among the models, with low mutation burden C1 and C3 exhibiting fewer tumor-infiltrating T cells.

Conclusions
Upon orthotopic implantation in immunocompetent mice, mGSCs generate tumors characteristic of human GBM. Despite similar strategies to generate these mGSCs, they exhibited a range of phenotypes and immune profiles in mGSC-derived orthotopic tumors. These mGSCs provide new preclinical GBM models for developing GBM immunotherapies.
Above-Curie-temperature ultrafast terahertz emission and spin current generation in a 2D superlattice (Fe3GeTe2/CrSb)3
Authors: Li Peiyan , Wu Na , Liu Shanshan , Cheng Yu , Gong Piming , Tong Junwei , Liu Jianan , He Wei , Xiu Faxian , Zhao Jimin , Meng Sheng , Wu Xiaojun 
Published: December 2024

ABSTRACT
The increasing demand for denser information storage and faster data processing has fueled a keen interest in exploring spin currents up to terahertz (THz) frequencies. Emergent 2D intrinsic magnetic materials constitute a novel and highly controllable platform to access such femtosecond spin dynamics at atomic layer thickness. However, the function of 2D van der Waals magnets are limited by their Curie temperatures, which are usually low. Here, in a 2D superlattice (Fe3GeTe2/CrSb)3, we demonstrate ultrafast laser-induced spin current generation and THz radiation at room temperature, overcoming the challenge of the Curie temperature of Fe3GeTe2 being only 206 K. In tandem with time-resolved magneto-optical Kerr effect measurements and first-principles calculations, we further elucidate the origin of the spin currents—a laser-enhanced proximity effect manifested as a laser-induced reduction of interlayer distance and enhanced electron exchange interactions, which causes transient spin polarization in the heterostructure. Our findings present an innovative, magnetic-element-free route for generating ultrafast spin currents within the 2D limit, underscoring the significant potential of laser THz emission spectroscopy in investigating laser-induced extraordinary spin dynamics.