bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Analysis of the Demand for Private Healthcare in South Africa
Authors: Dunga Steven Henry 
Published: May 2019

Abstract
Access to a good and healthy life is a human right recognised globally. The fight to deal with poverty and food insecurity as the top two sustainable development goals (SDGs) under the global agenda 2030 can only be achieved if a majority of the world population is able to participate in economic activities. However, the provision of healthcare is complicated by the nature of the demand and supply function. There is inefficient provision due to the positive externalities associated with healthcare provision and consequently the social efficiency is not achieved, especially when private provision is considered, and therefore the need for government involvement. This paper analyses the demand for private healthcare in South Africa, using the data collected from a general household survey with a sample of 21601 households. The results of the logistic regression model show that the gender of the head of a household, income, food security status, age of head of household and social grant and pension status were among the significant predictors of demand for private healthcare. The study provides insights on how provision of healthcare should be tailored so as to achieve maximum efficiency in public provision of healthcare.
PENINGKATAN AKTIVITAS DAN KOMPETENSI STATISTIK DALAM PEMBELAJARAN MATEMATIKA MELALUI PENDEKATAN REALISTIC MATHEMATICS EDUCATION (RME) PADA SISWA KELAS IX A SMPN 10 TEGAL SEMESTER 1 TAHUN PELAJARAN 2017/2018
Authors: Sugiharini Sugiharini 
Published: May 2019

Tujuan penelitian ini adalah Untuk meningkatkan aktivitasdankompetensi statistikmelalui pendekatan Realistic Mathematics Education (RME) pada siswa kelas IX A SMPN 10 Tegal Semester 1 tahun pelajaran 2017/2018. Metode pengumpulan data menggunakan observasi dan tes. Dari analisis data disimpulkan sebagai berikut: (1a.) Aktivitas siswa yaitu Penggunaan konteks nyata (Real context)ada peningkatan dari Siklus I ke Siklus II,secara keseluruhan meningkat sebesar 9 %. (1b.) Penggunaan Hasil Pekerjaan Siswa dan Kostruksi siswa ada peningkatan dari Siklus I ke Siklus II, secara keseluruhan meningkat sebesar 9 %. (2) kompetensi statistik nilai kompetensi statistik dalam pembelajaran matematika ada peningkatan dari Siklus I dan Siklus II, Secara keseluruhan meningkat sebesar 4 %.
PENGARUH MODEL PEMBELAJARAN KOOPERATIF TYPE MAKE A MATCH TERHADAP PENINGKATAN PRESTASI BELAJAR MATEMATIKA DAN KEAKTIFAN BELAJAR PESERTA DIDIK
Authors: Ayu Widiyasari Noer Zilla , Suwandono Suwandono , Rohman Muhammad saefur 
Published: May 2019

Dalam proses pembelajaran terutama matematika, disamping media belajar juga dibutuhkan model pembelajaran yang baik dan tepat yang disesuaikan dengan materi untuk menunjang dalam peningkatan prestasi belajar matematika dan keaktifan belajar peserta didik. Dalam penelitian ini bertujuan untuk : 1) mengetahui perbedaan prestasi belajar matematika dan keaktifan belajar peserta didik yang diajar dengan menggunakan model pembelajaran Kooperatif Type Make a Match dengan peserta didik yang diajar menggunakan model pembelajaran konvensional dengan ceramah dan pemberian tugas, serta 2) mengetahui bahwa model pembelajaran Kooperatif Type Make a Match lebih baik dibandingkan model pembelajaran konvensional dengan ceramah dan pemberian tugas terhadap prestasi belajar matematika dan keaktifan belajar peserta didik.
Populasi dalam penelitian ini adalah peserta didik kelas VIII Semester Genap di SMP Negeri 7 Tegal Tahun Pelajaran 2016 / 2017 sebanyak 191 orang. Pengambilan sampel menggunakan Teknik Cluster Random Sampling yang terdiri atas 5 kelas. Sampel dalam penelitian ini diambil 63,35% dari populasi yaitu sebanyak 121 orang. Metode pengumpulan data yang digunakan adalah dokumentasi, pengamatan / observasi dan tes. Teknik analisis data menggunakan Uji Liliefors, Uji Bartlett dan Uji Analisis Varian Satu Arah (Anava Satu Arah) dengan taraf signifikan 5%.
Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa : 1) Terdapat perbedaan prestasi belajar matematika dan keaktifan belajar peserta didik SMP Negeri 7 Tegal Tahun Pelajaran 2016 / 2017 dalam proses pembelajaran yang menggunakan model pembelajaran kooperatif Type Make a Match dibandingkan yang menggunakan model pembelajaran konvensional dengan ceramah dan pemberian tugas, serta 2) model pembelajaran kooperatif Type Make a Match lebih baik dibandingkan model pembelajaran konvensional dengan ceramah dan pemberian tug as terhadap prestasi belajar matematika dan keaktifan belajar peserta didik kelas VIII di SMP Negeri 7 Tegal Tahun Pelajaran 2016 / 2017.
A TRADUÇÃO E A CRIAÇÃO DE MONSTROS:
Authors: Rodrigues Cândida Laner 
Published: May 2019

Este artigo visa retomar alguns dos conceitos referentes à tradução apresentados no texto A tarefa do tradutor, de Walter Benjamin, a fim de elaborar uma analogia entre o processo tradutório e o processo da criação do monstro (e o monstro em si) na obra Frankenstein, de Mary Shelley. Visando, enfim, a uma discussão dos conceitos de tradução de Benjamin, bem como uma análise diferenciada do monstro – o traduzido – e de seu criador, Victor Frankenstein – o tradutor.
O PAPEL DE UMA INTÉRPRETE NO MEIO ARTÍSTICO E SOCIAL DO CIRQUE DU SOLEIL
Authors: Fernandes Sônia 
Published: May 2019

A visibilidade do intérprete no discurso e nas relações com os agentes envolvidos na prática da interpretação, assim como sua participação ativa na manutenção e criação de normas de interpretação de uma instituição têm ocupado um lugar de destaque em estudos recentes da área. A partir do estudo de caso de uma intérprete que trabalha no Cirque du Soleil, propomos algumas reflexões sobre o papel linguístico e social que ela ocupa na instituição e em suas relações com os agentes desse meio. Refletiremos também sobre o desenvolvimento de seu habitus de intérprete e sua função como agente social por trás do papel de intérprete.
Penggunaan Aplikasi Komputer dalam Peningkatan Kinerja Guru Sekolah Dasar Negeri 01 Kembangarum Semarang
Authors: Lestariningsih Enny Dwi , Wijayatiningsih Testiana Deni , Pramudibyo Hascaryo , Dalyono Bambang , Agustina Dwi Ampuni 
Published: May 2019

Sebagian guru di SD Negeri Kembangarum 01 banyak yang masih gagap teknologi terutama mereka yang sudah jadi guru sejak lama atau senior karena selama mereka kuliah, teknologi komputer dan internet belum sebanyak sekarang. Berdasarkan paparan tersebut, semua guru dituntut untuk selalu mengembangkan diri sejalan dengan kemajuan ilmu pengetahuan dan teknologi. Tetapi pada kenyataannya kemampuan mereka cenderung relatif standar hanya mampu mengoperasikan microsoft words saja. Berdasarkan pernyataan tersebut, tim pengabdi kami memfokuskan pengabdian masyarakat pada pemanfaatan teknologi komputer pada guru SDN 01 Kembangarum Semarang yang berjumlah 21 orang. Adapun metode pelatihan yang dilakukan menggunakan metode ceramah, praktek, dan evaluasi kepuasan peserta pelatihan. Dari program pelatihan pengabdian masyarakat tersebut dihasilkan peningkatan kemampuan mengoperasikan microsoft words, power point, microsoft excel, pelatihan membuat email, dan pelatihan mendaftar website di wordpress. Para guru menjadi termotivasi untuk lebih menggunakan power point, dan website gratis sebagai media pembelajaran dan penghitungan dalam excel untuk mengevaluasi penilaian siswa baik ulangan harian, tugas, UTS, atau UAS.Keywords: aplikasi komputer, kinerja guru, sekolah dasar.AbstractSome teachers at Public Elementary School of Kembangarum 1 are technologically illiterate, primarily the senior ones, for when they were students the technology was not as high as it is now. Based on that, all of the teachers are asked to always develop themselves in line with the advancement of science and technology. I fact, their abilities are relatively standard, only able to operate Microsoft Word. Therefore, we conducted a community service focusing on utilizing computer technology for 21 teachers at Public Elementary School of Kembangarum 1 Semarang. Methods used were lecture, practice, evaluation on satisfaction, and training. Results of the community service showed that the ability to operate Microsoft Word, Power Point, and Microsoft Excel improved. Trainings on how to create an email and register a website on Wordpress were also given. The teachers were more motivated to use Power Point application and free-of-charge website as learning and calculating media in excel in order to evaluate the students’ assessments in both daily tests, assignments, mid-term test, and post-term test.
Czego chce Basia od polskiego społeczeństwa?
Authors: Cackowska Małgorzata 
Published: May 2019

W artykule przedstawiono analizę i krytykę reprezentacji przestrzeni życiowych współczesnego dziecka w niezwykle popularnej polskiej serii książek obrazkowych o codziennym życiu małej dziewczynki o imieniu Basia. Artykuł opisuje obraz jej domu rodzinnego jako przestrzeni, która ma znaczenie dla rozwoju młodego człowieka w jego kulturowych, społecznych i politycznych aspektach, i próbuje odpowiedzieć na pytanie, czego ten (bardzo popularny) przekaz chce od swoich czytelników, od polskiego społeczeństwa? Pytanie pojawiające się w tytule jest trawestacją tytułu książki What Do Pictures Want? W.J.T. Mitchella, jednego z najwybitniejszych badaczy i teoretyków kultury wizualnej, który analizował różne relacje między współczesną publicznością a reprezentacjami obecnymi w obrazach, poszukując wiedzy o kondycji współczesnego odbiorcy (Mitchell 2015).
Podsumowując, krytyczne podejście do serii książek analizowanych w tekście wynika z wrażliwości na dostrzeżenie fenomenu szerokiego zakresu politycznie jednostronnej siły reprodukcji modeli zawartych w książkach.
Obrazki z dziecięcego świata. Dziecko i dzieciństwo na materiałach ikonograficznych w publikacjach adresowanych do dzieci z II połowy XIX i początku XX wieku – wybrane problemy
Authors: Nawrot-Borowska Monika 
Published: May 2019

W polskiej historiografii w ostatnich dziesięcioleciach zaobserwowano rosnące zainteresowanie problematyką dziecka i dzieciństwa w przeszłości. Badacze coraz częściej i chętniej podejmują badania nad dzieckiem i światem dziecka wpisane w tak zwaną społeczną historię edukacji oraz historię życia prywatnego i codziennego.
Przedmiotem odkryć jest dziecko i dzieciństwo, jak pokazano na materiałach ikonograficznych. Przedział czasowy obejmuje drugą połowę XIX i początek XX wieku, ponieważ w tym okresie nastąpił znaczny wzrost liczby i rodzajów publikacji ilustrowanych licznymi grafikami, a wraz z upływem czasu zdjęciami. Należą do nich czasopisma kobiece, rodzinne, dziecięce, polityczno-społeczne i literackie, opowieści dla młodszych i starszych dzieci, tablice i materiały ilustracyjne do nauki. Dagerotypy - fotografie stają się powszechne, publikowane są pocztówki. Te z nich, które były adresowane do dzieci, będą wykorzystywane jako podstawa tego tekstu, służąca do przedstawienia świata dziecka. Ze względu na zakres materiału źródłowego zostaną pokazane tylko wybrane zagadnienia i aspekty dzieciństwa na ziemiach polskich w badanym okresie. Przedstawione zostaną poszczególne typy źródeł ikonograficznych, na których badacz może znaleźć tytuł "obrazy ze świata dziecka". Oprócz omówienia ich specyfiki zostaną przedstawione przykłady ilustrujące zwyczajność i niezwykłość codziennego życia dziecka.
Теоретичні та методичні основи навчання старшокласників семиборства в позаурочній діяльності
Authors: Dykyi Oleh , Tsos Anatolii 
Published: May 2019

Актуальність. Проведені дослідження лише частково охопили питання розвитку різноманітних видів підготовки в багатоборстві, їх раціонального поєднання протягом річного циклу тренування. Практично не дослідженими залишаються проблеми модельних характеристик та методики підготовки у військово-прикладному семиборстві. Мета дослідження полягає в розробці й експериментальній перевірці ефективності методики навчання військово-прикладного семиборства старшокласників у позаурочній діяльності. Методи дослідження – аналіз психолого-педагогічної літератури, систематизація інформації, педагогічне тестування, антропометричні вимірювання, анкетування, педагогічний експеримент, педагогічне спостереження, математична статистика. Визначення рівня рухової активності молоді здійснювали за міжнародним опитувальником «The International Physical Activity Questionnaire» (IPAQ). У дослідженнях узяли участь 526 хлопців віком 16–17 років. Результати. Модельні характеристики учасників спартакіади України з військово-спортивного семиборства для допризовної молоді характеризуються високими результатами в усіх видах змагань. Середні показники підтягування становлять 17,07 раза, подолання смуги перешкод – 2,09 хв, с, бігу 100 м – 13,01 с, бігу на 3000 м – 11,31 хв, с, плавання – 41,01 с, метання гранати – 40,89 м, стрільби – 49,27 очок. Важливість універсальної підготовки за всіма видами військово-прикладного семиборства підтверджено й кореляційними зв’язками між видами підготовленості та загальною кількістю отриманих балів. Так, найтісніше пов’язані між собою результати подолання смуги перешкод і бігу на 100 м (r = 0,54), подолання смуги перешкод й отриманих балів із бігу на 100 м (r = -0,53) подо- лання смуги перешкод та отриманих балів із бігу 3000 м (r = -0,43). Висновки. Результати дослідження дали змогу розробити поетапно-послідовну методику навчання військово-прикладного семиборства учнів старших класів. Визначено спрямованість рухової активності у взаємозв’язку з інтенсивністю занять, тривалістю вправ, трива- лістю й характером відпочинку, кількістю занять протягом тижня, темпами збільшення навантаження протягом тижня, місяця.
Ny rapport om finländska SS-frivilliga och övergreppen mot judar 1941–1943. A new report on Finnish SS-volunteers and atrocities against Jews 1941–3
Authors: Deland Mats 
Published: May 2019

Review (in Swedish and in English) of Lars Westerlund's The Finnish SS-Volunteers and Atrocities against Jews, Civilians and Prisoners of War in Ukraine and the Caucasus Region 1941–1943: An Archival Study (Helsinki, National Archives of Finland, 2019).
Experience with Glacier Calving and Air-Bubbling in High Alpine Water Reservoirs
Authors: Haeberli W. 
Published: May 2019

AbstractSome observations which pertain to the interaction of ice and lake water in a high alpine environment and which were made in recent years in connection with hydroelectric projects and flood protection work are presented. In 1966, when the thin flat snout of Griesgletscher (Walliser Alpen) became submerged during the first filling of a newly constructed reservoir, waves of only very small amplitude were generated by the calving of a bout 150000 m3 of ice because most of the energy was dissipated by local turbulence. Far more spectacular waves have been experienced near steep ice cliffs in connection with work for flood control. For the design of an air bubbler system, air and water temperatures were measured in winter 1974–75 at Grimselsee, one of the largest reservoirs in the Bernese Alps. These measurements showed that the warmest water at the bottom of the lake was drained away during winter for the production of electricity. A strong temperature invenion forms in the air a bove the water behind the dam, as the lake level is lowered by several tens of metres.
Engineering Properties of Fresh-Water Ice
Authors: Gold L. W. 
Published: May 2019

AbstractThe principal engineering problems requiring knowledge concerning the properties of ice are prediction of the maximum force that ice might exert on a structure and determination of the load that can be placed safely on an ice cover. The properties of ice relevant to these problems are discussed. Particular attention is given to the dependence of Young's modulus on the frequency of the stress, strain-rate dependence of the yield and fracture strengths, and the ductile to brittle transition. It is shown that the strain-rate dependence of these properties is consistent with information on the stress dependence of dislocation velocity on the basal plane. The tensile and compressive strengths are also shown to be consistent with current theories of crack initiation and propagation.
Continuous Monitoring of Metamorphic Changes of Internal Snow Structure as a Tool in Avalanche Studies
Authors: Armstrong Richard L. 
Published: May 2019

AbstractRelationships between snow structure, climatic factors, and the nature of avalanche events in the San Juan Mountains of Colorado, U.S.A., are analyzed. Physical and mechanical properties of the snow cover have been monitored on a continuous basis by conventional methods as well as through the application of a profiling snow-density gauge. Temperature-gradient metamorphism is the dominant mechanism which determines the character of the local snow structure. Properties unique to well-developed temperature-gradient snow (depth hoar) are discussed. Three specific metamorphic processes are described which contribute to a highly varied and mechanically weak snow structure. Analysis of fracture-line profile data allow general studies of the local snow climate to be compared with the stratigraphy of actual release zones. Fracture-line data support the conclusion that meteorological conditions prevailing at the time of new-snow deposition play a less significant role in the eventual release of slab avalanches than metamorphic processes which influence the snow cover between storm periods. Shear failure zones are consistently composed of weak layers metamorphosed weeks and even months prior to the precipitation event which triggers the release.
Ice Accretions on Structures
Authors: List Roland 
Published: May 2019

AbstractThree basic areas of ice accretion are discussed: (i) the motion of the (supercooled) droplets in air up to collision with the icing object, (ii) the net growth rates, and (iii) the heat balance of an icing cylinder. The weakness of presently used approaches to establish collision efficiency and possible improvements are outlined. Experimental evidence on the icing of cylinders is then reviewed which establishes that the growth rates by icing are farless than expected because up to 80% and more of the initially accreted water can bounce off or be lost by shedding at air temperatures of –20°C. The reduced growth rates have a considerable effect on the heat balance of the icing object, whose temperature and water-phase mixture are controlled by the temperature and phme of the lost water-substance. These latter properties are completely unknown and require further studies. In conclusion the scientific aspects of icing are far from being understood; empirical findings may have to provide guidance for applications.
Plane-Strain Compressive Strength of Columnar-Grained and Granular-Snow Ice
Authors: Frederking R. 
Published: May 2019

AbstractAn ice cover impinging on a long straight structure is assumed to be under a condition of plane strain. A technique is described for performing plane-strain compression tests, and results are presented for the strain-rate dependence of strength. The plane-strain compressive strength of ice having anisotropic structure (columnar-grained ice) is at least two and a half times the uniaxial compressive strength, whereas the plane-strain compressive strength of ice having an isotropic structure (granular-snow ice) is atmost 25% greater than the uniaxial case. The greater plane-strain compressive strength of columnar-grained ice, when the loading and confining directions are in the plane of the ice cover, can be attributed to its anisotropic structure, which leads to a different failure mechanism for the plane-strain case.
Model Experiments to Determine Ice Forces on Conical Structures
Authors: Edwards R. Y. , Croasdale K. R. 
Published: May 2019

AbstractReduced-scale experiments were conducted in 1971 to study the forces experienced by conical structures during encounters with uniformly thick fields of ice. The tests were conducted in a model basin which was designed to test the behavior of ships and floating platforms in ice. A liquid nitrogen spray system was used to produce fields of high-salinity, fine-crystalline, ice which has the properties of elastic modulus and strength scaled down substantially below full-scale values.
Anticancer effects of garlic and garlic-derived bioactive compounds and its potential status as functional food
Authors: Zong Jacky , Martirosyan Danik M. 
Published: May 2019

Background: Garlic, or Allium savitum, has long been used to treat various diseases, including cancer. The anticancer effects of garlic are linked to the several garlic-derived organosulfur compounds, such as allicin, ajoene, DAS, DADS, DATS, and SAMC. Animal and in vitro studies have demonstrated that garlic bioactive compounds may prevent cancer through mechanisms such as inducing cell cycle arrest, promoting apoptosis, and inhibiting angiogenesis in different cancer cells. Observational studies, including case-control and cohort studies, have been conducted to confirm the protective effect against colorectal, gastric, and other cancers associated with garlic-derived bioactive compounds and raw garlic consumption, but results have been mixed. Analysis of cell and animal model studies and epidemiological studies using the FDA’s evidence-based review system for health claims and FFC’s proposed standard for evaluating and developing functional food, it has been concluded that garlic cannot yet be considered as a functional food primarily due to the inconclusive data from observational studies and insufficient evidence from randomized clinical trials. Keywords: Garlic, cancer, allicin, bioactive compound, functional food
Armenian fermented milk product Choratan and its influence on gut microbiota in health and pathology
Authors: Kalikyan Zaruhi , Avagyan Vahan , Abrahamyan Astghik , Vardanyan Lusine , Selimyan Alexander , Avagyan Mkrtich 
Published: May 2019

Background: Choratan is an ancient Armenian fermented milk product which was recreated as a food supplement by A. Selimyan with the use of innovative technologies. Choratan contains large amounts of active Lactobacillus acidophilus, amino acids, and other bioactive compounds. Material and method: The influence of Choratan on gut microflora was studied in the frame of grant projects through the financing of State Committee of Science of Armenia. One hundred forty-one randomly chosen patients were included in the study with their informed consent. The patients divided into groups by diseases: gastrointestinal, allergic, and diabetes mellitus II type. Healthy patients were included in the fourth group. Bacteriological examinations of faeces were performed on 120 patients before and after Choratan was prescribed with an average dosage of 4-6g a day for 8 weeks. Results: In all the groups, we observed improvements like the increase of normal microflora totally in 63.2%-68.3% and the decrease of conditionally pathogenic and pathogenic bacteria totally in 70.3%-100%. The mean amounts of all microorganisms were improved with statistically significant differences. 77.3% of patients noticed improvements in their conditions, which were more visible in healthy and allergic groups (87.1% and 82.4% respectively) and less impressive in patients with gastrointestinal diseases and diabetes (71.9% and 68.2% respectively).Conclusion: From the results, we can conclude Choratan has positive influence on gut microflora and common health statuses. However, these changes depend on the nature of the disease and initial degree of dysbiotic deviations. Accordingly, we encourage more detailed placebo-controlled investigations.Keywords: diseases; fermented foods; probiotics; bioactive food supplement, gut microflora; chronic diseases