bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Star Trek : The Next Generation (1987-1994) ; un procès caché de l’humanité en sept saisons
Authors: Neau Jessy 
Published: October 2024

Les questionnements éthiques sont au cœur de Star Trek : The Next Generation (1987-1994). Le vaisseau Enterprise explore la galaxie, guidé par les principes de la Directive Première, laquelle n’empêche pas l’équipage d’être confronté à des choix souvent difficiles. Chaque épisode permet de découvrir une nouvelle planète et, dès lors, de générer une réflexion anthropologique sur l’universalité de l’éthique. Les déséquilibres à l’ordre hiérarchique (enlèvements du capitaine, conflits entre membres de l’équipage) sont nécessaires, à la fois au rythme du récit et à une réflexion de nature sociale : ces déséquilibres étant partiellement rétablis mais oubliés l’épisode suivant, leur règlement temporaire permet de poursuivre indéfiniment la mission. A priori, la valeur cumulative de toutes ces expériences est donc assez peu mise en avant. Et pourtant, un deus ex machina fait bien de cette expédition spatiale une adjonction d’épreuves à valeur éthique, surgissant dans le pilote et revenant dans l’épisode final : celui du procès des humains intenté par « Q », Némésis du capitaine Picard. Créature omnipotente, Q peut apparaître comme l’orchestrateur et l’arbitre de toutes les situations auxquelles l’équipage fait face : lors du pilote, il a prévenu que les humains seront jugés selon le comportement qu’ils auront montré au cours de cette mission. Juge et procureur du point de vue éthique, Q ne serait-il pas aussi « grand imagier » du point de vue narratif ? C’est donc cette dimension dissimulée, différée et oubliée du procès des humains autant que de l’archinarrateur dans Star Trek : TNG qu’il convient d’interroger.
The Good Place, ou ce que les séries se doivent les unes aux autres
Authors: Favard Florent 
Published: October 2024

Cet article propose d’analyser la série The Good Place (NBC, 2016-2020) sous l’angle de la réflexivité et du métadiscours qu’elle déploierait sur la sérialité contemporaine en la comparant à d’autres séries riches en métatexte qui explorent des thèmes similaires. Comme Westworld (HBO, 2016-2022), The Good Place décrit un simulacre infernal basé sur une succession de reboots qui ne produisent d’abord aucun sens, du fait de l’amnésie de leurs protagonistes. La série partage aussi avec Person of Interest (CBS, 2011-2016) un discours similaire sur la valeur de la vie humaine face à des algorithmes et des systèmes de surveillance de plus en plus inhumains et déshumanisants, à mettre en regard de la diffusion internationale de The Good Place, qui prend place sur la plateforme Netflix. Enfin, les liens prégnants qui existent entre The Good Place et Lost (ABC, 2004-2010) permettent d’explorer le discours que tient la première sur la « promesse de dénouement » et la « bonne » fin des séries.
Exploring learning capability on entrepreneurial resilience of emerging contractor firms
Authors: Baah Felix A. , Rambe Patient 
Published: October 2024

Orientation: The resilience of small businesses such as emerging contractor firms (ECFs) has been negatively affected due to problems from the environment like the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic. It is imperative for firms to navigate through this economic downturn by deploying learning capabilities to surmount these problems and boost resilience.Research purpose: This study examines the influence of learning capability on the entrepreneurial resilience.Motivation for the study: To establish the role of learning capability on entrepreneurial resilience of ECFs.Research design, approach and method: Using a quantitative research approach and a cross-sectional survey design, a structured close-ended questionnaire was administered to 400 owners and managers of ECFs. The results of the study were analysed using Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS) version 23 and Smart PLS software 3. Descriptive percentage analysis, confirmatory factor analysis (CFA), multiple regression analysis, and structural equation modelling (SEM) were performed on the data set.Main findings: The results suggest that all forms of learning have significant positive effect on entrepreneurial resilience (Transformative learning B = 0.2207, p 0.001; exploitative learning β = 0.2580; p 0.001; explorative learning β = 0.5316; p 0.001).Practical/managerial implications: The implications emphasise the different choices that small resource constrained firms must take in identifying and investing in those learning capability dimensions which best predict long term resilience.Contribution/value-add: The study demonstrates the significance of firms’ investment in learning, especially explorative learning to increase knowledge.
Relationship of anthropometric indices of obesity with the Big Five personality traits and cognition among undergraduate students
Authors: Gwarzo Mukhtar Isyaku , Musa Zainab Muhammad 
Published: October 2024

Background:
Obesity is associated with personality and cognition. The association remains to be investigated in the African population. In this study, we aimed to determine the prevalence of obesity and the relationship between anthropometric indices of obesity, personality traits, and cognition among undergraduate students in Kano, Nigeria.

Methods:
Two hundred and fifty-five (males = 94 and females = 161) undergraduates (17–30 years old) were recruited for the study. Anthropometric indices were measured according to the STEPwise protocol of the World Health Organization. Personality traits were assessed using the Big Five Personality Inventory, whereas cognition was assessed using the Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA) tool.

Results:
The mean age of the patients was 23 years. The prevalence rates of central obesity and general obesity were 26.3% and 1.6%, respectively. Waist circumference (WC) (r = 0.14, P = 0.025) and hip circumference (HC) (r = 0.126, P = 0.045) were positively correlated with neuroticism. However, WC (r = −0.138, P = 0.028), HC (r = −0.138, P = 0.028), and waist-to-height ratio (WHtR) (r = −0.156, P = 0.011) were negatively correlated with naming (a component of MoCA) while WHtR was negatively correlated with MoCA (r = −0.126, P = 0.044). After adjusting for age, sex, and marital status, WC (odds ratio [OR] = 0.679 [95% confidence interval (CI): 0.456–1.011]; P = 0.050), HC (OR = 1.414 [95% CI: 1.007–1.986]; P = 0.045), and waist-to-hip ratio (OR = 1357 [95% CI: 6.524–28248]; P = 0.039) were significant predictors of low MoCA score.

Conclusion:
The prevalence of central obesity among our participants was high and associated with neuroticism and poor cognition.
Pretransplantation assessment of BK virus seropositivity in kidney donors and recipients
Authors: Nair Aswathi M. , Arun B. , Aziz Feroz , Vishwanath Vipin , Deepak K. S. , Anagha K. , Santheep S. , Kamalam S. Gladies 
Published: October 2024

Background:
BK virus (BKV) is a member of the polyomavirus family. The determination of anti-BKV immunoglobulin G (IgG) antibody levels in kidney donors and recipients has been reported as a possible predictor of the risk of BK nephropathy. Allograft dysfunction is a significant risk factor. The main objective of this study was to address the high prevalence of renal failure due to BKV nephropathy in kidney transplant recipients. This investigation aims to determine whether donors and recipients of renal transplants had BKV IgG antibodies before transplantation.

Methods:
Blood samples were collected from 46 kidney transplant recipients and their corresponding 46 donors. An enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay was used to qualitatively analyze human BKV IgG.

Results:
Ninety-two participants, 46 kidney transplant donors, and 46 kidney transplant recipients, were analyzed. Pretransplantation anti-BKV antibody levels were higher in kidney transplant donors (73%) than in recipients (63%). Donors and recipients included in the study were grouped into seropositive and seronegative recipients, with the highest proportion of seropositive recipient-donor groups (48%) and the lowest percentages in the seronegative donor and seronegative recipient groups. Fifty-one percent of the participants were male and 49% were female. The age distribution of most subjects was >50 years old.

Conclusion:
BKV can cause kidney transplant rejection. Routine screening of transplant recipients and donors for BKV IgG seropositivity is recommended before renal transplantation. This can improve transplant outcomes and prevent rejection.
Knowledge, Attitude, Practice, and Perceived Barriers toward Smoking Cessation among Community Pharmacists Services in Al-Karak Governorate
Authors: Alnawaiseh Nedal Awad , Al-Hroub Reem Sager 
Published: October 2024

ABSTRACT

Background:
There are about a billion smokers in the world, 80% of whom are from developing countries, and also the World Health Organization stated that smoking is considered a global health problem. Jordan is one of the countries with the highest rates of tobacco smoking in the world. However, interventions related to tobacco use, which can reduce diseases resulting from or associated with smoking and thus reduce health-care costs, are still rare in Jordan.

Objective:
This study aimed to evaluate community pharmacists’ knowledge, attitudes, and practices toward smoking cessation (SC) and to identify the most important barriers they face in providing SC counseling in community pharmacies in Alkarak, Jordan.

Materials and Methods:
The study used a cross-sectional design based on a descriptive approach and included community pharmacies in April 2021. Data were collected from 199 participating pharmacists on duty in 76 pharmacies. A structured, reliable, English-language, and valid questionnaire was used to collect data consisting of five parts. The questionnaire included pharmacists’ sociodemographics, knowledge, attitudes, and practices, as well as barriers associated with SC services. The data and differences in participants’ responses were analyzed using descriptive statistics SPSS version 19, analysis of variance, and the confidence level was 80%.

Results:
One hundred and ninety-nine pharmacists completed the survey. The mean age of the pharmacists was 30.05 ± 7.15 years. Eighty-one percent of participating pharmacists had high knowledge regarding SC and SC products, and 80% of them agreed that it was their responsibility to advise smoking patients regarding SC. Multivariate analysis showed a statistically significant relationship between attitude and practice.

Conclusions:
Our study concluded from the overall findings that pharmacists generally have the knowledge and attitudes required to play an important role in counseling patients about SC. Community pharmacists in Alkarak, Jordan, generally expressed positive attitudes regarding tobacco cessation counseling. We recommend opening the way for researchers to pay attention to this topic and publish many researches on the impact of educational training programs for pharmacy students by raising their level of knowledge about SC.
In vitro and In silico Network Pharmacology Analysis of Eugenol from Syzygium aromaticum Against Escherichia coli
Authors: Kumar A. Santhosh , Suvetha N. , Kannan Kannika Parameshwari , Gunasekaran Shoba , Girija A. S. Smiline 
Published: October 2024

ABSTRACT

Background:
In this era, Escherichia coli is an ambivalent microbe and commonly causes fecal contamination. Eugenol from clove oil has also demonstrates antibacterial effects that may aid in combating against the microorganisms that cause tooth infections.

Aim and Objectives:
The current study provides a comprehensive analysis of the pharmacological characteristics of eugenol, a significant bioactive substance extracted from clove (Syzygium aromaticum). The present study aimed to target the genes from E. coli identified through network pharmacology analysis of eugenol and antibiofilm effect of eugenol from clove oil against E. coli.

Materials and Methods:
In the present study, eugenol was isolated from clove identified through Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy analysis. The antibacterial and antibiofilm activity of eugenol was performed against E. coli were investigated. Targets were identified for Eugenol from clove oil through string database and mapped with E. coli pathway. Molecular docking analysis was carried out for the identified targets and eugenol.

Results:
The best antibacterial activity of eugenol from clove oil was found against E. coli and evaluated by zone of inhibition and minimum inhibitory concentration analysis at 10 μL. The antibiofilm assay against resistant E. coli was determined by concentration of 10 μL and inhibited in 100% dilution. The top five active targets from E. coli was identified by network pharmacology and docking analysis shows the good binding interaction between targets and eugenol.

Conclusion:
The research provided in this study lays the foundation for eugenol’s anti-bacterial property with various biofilm forming targets namely Acetyl-CoA acetyltransferase, Acetyl-CoA carboxylase-B, Acetyl-CoA carboxylase-C, Enoyl-[acyl-carrier-protein] reductase [NADH], and 3-oxoacyl-[acyl-carrier-protein] synthase 1. Additional in vivo approach validation is required in future to support the current study.
In situ Gels for Periodontitis: An Overview
Authors: Mallamma T. , Rehman S. Abdul , Goudanavar Prakash , Akondi Butchi Raju 
Published: October 2024

ABSTRACTA successful approach for periodontitis treatment isin situgel administration, which delivers medication to the site of infection in a controlled and continuous manner. Researchers used components such as zein, borneol, piperine, and curcumin to create a formulation. The formulations demonstrated antimicrobial effects and were designed to target the inflammatory condition associated with dysbiosis in periodontitis. Polymers such as gellan gum, alginic acid, xyloglucan, pectin, chitosan, poly (D Lactic acid), poly (DL-lactide co glycolide), and polycaprolactone are commonly used polymers to prepare the In situ gel formulation , which enables prolonged medication and Controlled release. In the presence of ions, alginic acid gels are biocompatible. Whereas pectin gels are used in the presence of calcium ions, xyloglucan gels are used in response to temperature fluctuations. To increase the efficacy of the treatment, the studies sought to enhance gel characteristics such as gelation temperature, thickness, and drug release rate. The improved formulations showed anti-inflammatory solid effects and efficient drug delivery for periodontal conditions by significantly reducing pocket depth, plaque, and gum inflammation. The direct application ofin situgels offers targeted delivery, few side effects, and self-administration; the review focuses on the benefits, advantages, and disadvantages ofin situgel administration for periodontitis, as well as the characteristics of tooth physiology, preparation techniques, and polymers and biomarkers used. Assessments ofin situgels: To significantly improve periodontitis treatment, future research should focus on clinical studies to contribute substantially to periodontitis treatment.
Breast cancer referrals to NHS Tayside genetic service: Are we meeting target timelines?
Authors: Swan Rebecca E , Pitcathley Madeleine , Dunlop Jacqueline , Choong Wen Ling 
Published: October 2024

Abstract

Introduction:
Mutations in BRCA1 and BRCA2 account for 5%–10% of all female breast cancers. Identifying these mutations at diagnosis can aid shared decision-making in the surgical and oncological setting. This study aims to assess the results of genetic testing at diagnosis and the time taken to receive results.

Materials and Methods:
A prospective database of all patients with newly diagnosed breast cancers who met the criteria and were referred for urgent genetic testing in National health service (NHS) (Tayside) between December 2017 and December 2020 was analyzed for results of genetic testing and time from referral to the result of genetic test.

Results:
Twelve of 116 patients (10.3%) had a mutation detected. Six had BRCA2 mutation (5.2%), four had BRCA1 mutation (3.4%), and two had PALB2 mutation (1.7%). Of patients with a mutation, six (50%) had triple-negative breast cancer aged <40 years, four (33.3%) had triple-negative breast cancer aged >40 years, and two (16.7%) had breast cancer aged <40 years. The median time from referral to test result was 28 days [interquartile range (IQR) 22–36.5 days]. Of 12 patients with a mutation, seven (58.3%) chose risk-reducing breast surgery at the primary operation with immediate reconstruction.

Conclusions:
Triple-negative receptor status was common in patients who had gene mutations, including those aged over 40, and this group of patients should be considered for genetics referral. The time to receive the genetic test result may add delay to subsequent surgical management. Urgent genetic testing led to risk-reducing breast surgery and immediate reconstruction in a minority of patients tested.
Beyond boundaries: An exploration of general surgery education in Canada and India
Authors: Patel Prachikumari , Ray Samrat , Rajendran Luckshi , Muaddi Hala , Coe Taylor M. , Irfan Ahmer , Shwaartz Chaya 
Published: October 2024

ABSTRACT
General surgery is a dynamic and multifaceted field influenced by diverse factors, ranging from cultural norms to healthcare system structures and technological advancements. This review paper delves into a comparative exploration of the educational landscapes in Canada and India, unravelling the intricacies of training aspiring general surgeons. As two nations with distinct healthcare systems and educational frameworks, Canada and India offer unique perspectives on the journey from medical school to independent surgical practice. This article compares the residency application process, training structure, assessment methods, challenges faced during clinical training and the role of research in surgical programmes between the two nations. Through this comparative lens, we seek to provide valuable insights that may inform future developments in surgical education, fostering a global exchange of knowledge and practices to advance healthcare systems worldwide.
Comparison of ten formulae for calculating low-density lipoprotein cholesterol with direct low-density lipoprotein cholesterol measurement
Authors: Nair Suriyan S. , Kiran Reshma , Jisna K. K. , Prathima M. B. , Sushith P , D’sa Janice 
Published: October 2024

ABSTRACT

Background:
Accurate lipid profile assessment, mainly low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) measurement, is crucial for diagnosing and managing cardiovascular disease (CVD). The widely used Friedewald formula for LDL-C calculation has limitations, prompting the exploration of alternative equations.

Aims:
This study aims to compare ten LDL-C calculation formulas with direct measurement among study participants attending a tertiary care centre.

Materials and Methods:
Conducted from September 2021 to July 2022 at a tertiary healthcare centre in India, the study involved 114 participants aged 18 years or older. The exclusion criteria were high-serum triglyceride (TG) levels, renal failure, diabetes, liver diseases or unwillingness to participate. Blood samples were analysed for total cholesterol, TG, high-density lipoprotein cholesterol and LDL-C. The very-low-density lipoprotein cholesterol level was calculated. The LDL-C formulas evaluated were Friedewald, Anandaraja, De Cordova, Vujovic, Ahmadi, Puavillai, Chen, Hattori, Martin–Hopkin and Sampson.

Results:
Vujovic’s formula showed a negligible mean difference and strong correlation (r = 0.916, P < 0.001) with direct LDL-C estimation across TG concentrations. Sampson’s formula performed best for TG <150 mg/dL, whereas Vujovic’s formula excelled for 151–399 mg/dL TG concentrations. All formulas were highly correlated with direct LDL-C levels (P < 0.001). Bland–Altman analysis indicated Vujovic’s formula as the closest match to direct measurement, with a mean bias of −1.42 ± 20.59 mg/dL.

Conclusion:
Vujovic’s formula demonstrated the slightest difference and strong correlation with direct LDL-C measurement, outperforming other formulas. This finding enhances the accuracy of LDL-C assessment and improves CVD risk management in clinical practice.
Microneedling and 5-Fluorouracil in Treating Stable Vitiligo in Hitherto Unstudied High Prevalence Population
Authors: Abhirami B , Kumar Prabhat , Mishra Dharmendra K. 
Published: October 2024

Abstract

Background:
Vitiligo, affecting 0.25% in India (>1% in Jharkhand), stigmatises and devastates self-esteem/relationships causing depression. Apart from medical treatment, surgical procedures like applying 5-fluorouracil after microneedling are to be confirmed in unstudied populations and across time periods. An interventional study was conducted among out-patients of a tertiary hospital in a high-prevalence population wherein earlier attempts were not conducted.

Aims/Objectives:
To assess the effect of microneedling and applying 5% 5-fluorouracil on stable vitiligo patches.

Methods and Materials:
Microneedling and topical application of 5-fluorouracil was planned on 30 subjects of 10–50 age-groups with stable vitiligo, from September 2019 to September 2021 every 15 days for 12 visits. Age, gender, site, size/stability of vitiligo patches, leukotrichia and vitiligo family history were studied. Repigmentation (overall and variable-wise) was measured at each visit using 76–100% (excellent), 51–75% (very good), 25 to 50% (good) and <25% (poor). Data was analysed with the Chi-square test or Standard Error of Difference between two proportions.

Results:
Under COVID restrictions (2020–2021), sample coverage was 77% (23/30) comprising 13 females and 10 males. Visits varied for each subject totalling 185 visits out of an expected 276 (67%). Significantly, 3 (13%) achieved excellent repigmentation, 10 (43%) very good, 8 (35%) good and only 2 (9%) poor repigmentation. Cumulatively, 13 (56%) attained excellent/very good repigmentation and 21 (91%) had excellent/very good/good repigmentation. Repigmentation ranged from 10% to 100% among 23 subjects, averaging 54% in average 8 visits (4 months). Repigmentation was equally achieved irrespective of age, gender, site, size and stability of the vitiliginous patch, presence/absence of leukotrichia and family history of vitiligo. Manageable pain (100%), itching (4%) and hyperpigmentation 43%, were side effects.

Conclusion:
Cumulative 91% (excellent/very good/good) repigmentation despite COVID-19 in the study period, and its comparability with other studies, strengthens evidence that microneedling and 5% 5-fluorouracil is effective in treating stable vitiligo in a high prevalence population.