bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Prevalence and Characteristics of Developmental Disabilities Among Children Who Receive Hearing Health Care
Authors: Bonino Angela Yarnell , Goodwich Sara F. , Mood Deborah 
Published: December 2024

Purpose:
We aim to determine the prevalence and characteristics of developmental disabilities among the clinical population of children who receive hearing health care in the United States.

Method:
Using electronic health records of 131,709 children (0–18 years), we identified those with a diagnosis of attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder, autism spectrum disorder, vision differences, cerebral palsy, chromosomal abnormalities, delayed milestones, Down syndrome, or intellectual disability. We determined prevalence, age of first audiology encounter, age of diagnosis for the developmental disability, and hearing status based on the specific disability and the number of diagnoses. Binomial and multinomial logistic regressions were performed.

Results:
One in four children had a diagnosed developmental disability. The most common disabilities were delayed milestones (11.3%), vision differences (7.4%), attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (6.6%), and autism spectrum disorder (6.2%). Half of the children with developmental disabilities had at least one diagnosis before their first audiology encounter. Children with developmental disabilities were more likely to have a reduced hearing or an unknown hearing status than children without developmental diagnoses. For children with reduced hearing, those with developmental disabilities had higher rates of bilateral configurations and poorer hearing severity levels.

Conclusions:
Developmental disabilities are common among children who seek hearing health care. Moreover, developmental disabilities often co-occur with reduced hearing. Further research and advocacy efforts are critical for creating clinical practices that are inclusive of, and equitable for, children with complex and diverse developmental profiles.

Supplemental Material:

https://doi.org/10.23641/asha.27857847
Examining the Burnout of Audiologists in Türkiye: Relationships With Quality of Work Life and Psychological Well-Being
Authors: Akbulut Ahmet Alperen , Demirel Ayşenur Karaman , Saçlı Yeter , Satıcı Sema , Özcan Ahsen Kartal , Çiprut Ayça 
Published: December 2024

Purpose:
Although burnout among audiologists has been studied in various countries, there is no research yet that examines this issue in Türkiye, where working conditions and sociodemographic factors may differ from those in other countries. Considering the unique working conditions and sociodemographic factors, this study aimed to investigate the burnout levels of Turkish audiologists. Additionally, this study will explore the impact of various sociodemographic variables on burnout, work-related quality of life, and depression to gain a deeper understanding of the specific challenges faced by audiologists in Türkiye.

Method:
A total of 193 audiologists, with a median age of 27 (interquartile range: 25–29) years, working in different working areas, such as clinical practice, academic institutions, rehabilitation centers, and amplification services in Türkiye, were included. Audiologists were invited to participate in this study via several online forums and hospital notice boards. All participants completed the sociodemographic data form and then the Maslach Burnout Inventory (MBI), Work-Related Quality of Life Scale (WRQoL), and Beck Depression Inventory (BDI).

Results:
Differences between MBI, WRQoL, and BDI scores were analyzed according to gender, level of education, area of work, and title of audiologist. There are significant differences in the subscale scores of the MBI and WRQoL scales and in the BDI scores between groups according to gender, education, and area of work. There are also significant differences in BDI scores according to title. There is a significant correlation between the MBI, WRQoL, and BDI scores of audiologists.

Conclusions:
This study represents the initial exploration of burnout, quality of work life, and depression levels among audiologists employed in Türkiye. A low quality of work life can increase the risk of burnout and depression. Enhancements in the work environment can lessen burnout and depression while also improving employees' general quality of life.
Semantic Memory, Traumatic Brain Injury, and the Iceberg Effect: What Deficits May Lie Below the Surface?
Authors: McCurdy Ryan A. , Duff Melissa C. 
Published: December 2024

Purpose:
The purpose of this viewpoint was to advocate for increased study of semantic memory ability in traumatic brain injury (TBI).

Method:
We review modern conceptualizations of semantic memory and its neural correlates and discuss how common neuroanatomical and cognitive deficits in TBI place this population at an increased risk for semantic disruption. Building on discussions at the 2024 International Cognitive-Communication Disorders Conference, we offer possible explanations for how these disruptions may have been overlooked by our field and offer examples of how semantic memory has been studied in other populations as well as how this work may apply to TBI research.

Result:
Semantic memory is critical for academic, vocational, and interpersonal outcomes. Yet, little is known about semantic memory in TBI beyond naming ability. By examining only surface forms of semantic memory, we may be missing a deeper disruption in semantic structure.

Conclusion:
More in-depth examination of semantic memory promises to uncover underlying mechanisms of cognitive-communication disorders and new opportunities to develop more sensitive clinical measures of semantic memory impairment.
Development of Verb Inflectional Complexity in Palestinian Arabic
Authors: Henkin-Roitfarb Roni , Uziel Sigal , Ishaq Rozana 
Published: December 2024

Purpose:
This study describes the development of verb inflectional morphology in an urban dialect of Palestinian Arabic (PA) spoken in northern Israel, specifically in the city of Haifa, and explores the effect of language typology on acquisition.

Method:
We analyzed naturalistic longitudinal speech samples from one monolingual Arabic-speaking girl aged 1;11–2;3 during spontaneous interactions with family members.

Results:

Initially, truncated forms (“bare stems”) were common but disappeared by the end of the study. By age 1;11, the girl was in the proto-morphological stage, displaying clear three-member mini-paradigms. Affixation complexity gradually increased, with adjacent and obligatory suffixes acquired before distant and optional prefixes. The early acquisition of indicative prefixes (
b–
,
m–
) preceded the later emergence of complex proclitics (e.g., volitive
d–
, progressive
ʕam
), suggesting gradual, systematic morphological acquisition.

Conclusions:
We propose three principles for the development of PA verb inflection: (a) Adjacency: Affixes adjacent to the base are acquired first. (b) R-salience: Suffixes are acquired earlier than prefixes. (c) Obligatoriness: Obligatory morphemes precede optional ones. These principles predict the girl's morphological development and reflect sensitivity to PA's richly inflecting typology. This study highlights the need for detailed descriptive research that is essential for understanding language acquisition processes and informing assessment tools, intervention programs, and educational curricula for PA-speaking children.
Diagnostik und Therapie von Hyperlipidämien bei Kindern und Jugendlichen
Authors: Weigel Johannes FW , Schwab Karl Otfried 
Published: December 2024

ZUSAMMENFASSUNGErkrankungen des Lipidstoffwechsels, insbesondere die familiäre Hypercholesterinämie, sind von hoher Bedeutung bei der Entstehung der Atherosklerose. Durch einen Behandlungsbeginn im Kindes- und Jugendalter können kardiovaskuläre Ereignisse, wie Herzinfarkte und Schlaganfälle, im Erwachsenenalter verhindert werden. Unter diesen Vorzeichen kommen Screeningprogrammen auf Hypercholesterinämien in der Kinder- und Jugendmedizin eine große Bedeutung zu. In den letzten Jahren sind nicht nur neue medikamentöse Therapien für verschiedene Erkrankungen des Lipidstoffwechsels entwickelt, sondern auch neue Daten zum Langzeitüberleben bei familiärer Hypercholesterinämie mit oder ohne Statine veröffentlicht worden.Der vorliegende Artikel soll einen Überblick über die Pathophysiologie, die Diagnostik, die laborchemischen Grenzwerte und die Therapie von Hyperlipidämien im Kindes- und Jugendalter geben.
Enhancing thermoelectric efficiency of highly conductive CuSbTe2 alloy by reducing electrical thermal conductivity via heavy Se doping
Authors: Cho Hyungyu , Song Uichan , Park Okmin , Kim BeomSoo , Seon Seungchan , Kim Sang-il 
Published: December 2024

Recently, CuSbTe2, one of the I–V–VI-based compounds, has received attention as a promising thermoelectric (TE) material that exhibits a narrow bandgap with high electrical conductivity. In this study, the evolution of electrical and thermal transport properties of CuSbTe2 by heavy Se doping was investigated by synthesizing a series of CuSb(Te1−xSex)2 (x = 0, 0.1, 0.2, 0.3, and 0.4) compositions. The high electrical conductivity of CuSbTe2 (5400 S/cm) is gradually decreased to 1800 S/cm by Se doping with x = 0.4 at 300 K with decreased carrier concentration and mobility. Due to this large reduction in electrical conductivity, the power factor of pristine CuSbTe2 significantly decreased to 0.98 mW/mK2 for x = 0.4 by 25%, along with reduced density-of-states effective mass at 550 K. Nevertheless, the lattice thermal conductivity was reduced by 5%, and the electrical thermal conductivity was significantly reduced by 67% for x = 0.4 at 550 K. Consequently, the total thermal conductivity of pristine CuSbTe2 (2.76 W/mK) is significantly reduced to 1.65 W/mK for x = 0.4 by 40%, mainly owing to the significant reduction of electrical thermal conductivity, which originates from the reduced electrical conductivity. Therefore, an enhanced TE figure of merit (zT) of 0.33 at 550 K is observed for CuSb(Te0.6Se0.4)2 (x = 0.4), which was 26% higher than that of CuSbTe2. In addition, the expected zT for various carrier concentrations is calculated by using a single parabolic band model. It was found that the zT could be further enhanced by reducing the carrier concentration, which can be achieved by further doping of electrons.
Mitigation of thermal artifacts in 100 kHz ultrafast 2D IR spectroscopy
Authors: Esterly Harrison J. , Shivani Shivani T. , Farrell Kieran M. , Zanni Martin T. 
Published: December 2024

Ytterbium lasers make possible shot-to-shot data collection of two-dimensional infrared (2D IR) spectra at 100 kHz and higher repetition rates. At those rates, the power absorbed by the sample is appreciable and creates a steady state temperature rise and an accumulated thermal grating artifact in the spectra that can obscure weak or low concentration IR chromophores. We report the magnitude of the temperature rise, the pulse ordering by which it is created, and ways to mitigate it. Using a calibrant molecule, we measured a steady-state temperature up to 32.5 and 45 °C for laser light at 4 µm in H2O and 6 µm in D2O, respectively, for a typical optical density used in 2D IR experiments. The temperature reached a steady state in ∼60 s. The temperature rise scales with the integrated optical density of the sample across the laser spectrum. By cooling the sample cell, we returned the steady state temperature to room temperature within the laser focus. For samples that undergo rotation, the accumulated thermal grating artifact is removed using a perpendicular ⟨XXYY⟩ polarization because the permuted time-orderings of the thermal grating artifact has the orientational response ⟨XYXY⟩, which decays to zero during the delay between consecutive laser pulses. The procedure described in this study can be used to characterize and minimize the thermal effects in experiments where repetition rate and/or pulse energy cause an appreciable temperature rise.
Morphological complexity as a predictor of cognitive effort in neural machine translation post-editing
Authors: Abu-Rayyash Hussein , Alhawamdeh Shatha 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
This study examines how morphological complexity affects cognitive effort in neural machine translation (NMT)
post-editing across six languages. Analysis of the DivEMT dataset shows that morphologically richer target languages like
Ukrainian and Turkish require more editing time, keystrokes, and frequent pauses, indicating higher cognitive demands. Vietnamese,
despite simpler morphology, also showed high cognitive effort, suggesting other factors like syntax influence processing load.
Mean Size of Paradigm (MSP) analysis confirmed Ukrainian and Turkish’s high morphological complexity compared to isolating
languages like Vietnamese. Higher error rates in morphologically rich languages demonstrate increased editing needs. While user
perceptions varied, the data reveals that greater linguistic distance correlates with higher cognitive effort in NMT post-editing,
showing typological divergence impacts beyond morphology alone.
Anytime valid and asymptotically efficient inference driven by predictive recursion
Authors: Dixit Vaidehi , Martin Ryan 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
Distinguishing two candidate models is a fundamental and practically important statistical problem. Error rate control is crucial to the testing logic but, in complex nonparametric settings, can be difficult to achieve, especially when the stopping rule that determines the data collection process is not available. This paper proposes an e-process construction based on the predictive recursion algorithm originally designed to recursively fit nonparametric mixture models. The resulting predictive recursion process affords anytime valid inference and is asymptotically efficient in the sense that its growth rate is first-order optimal relative to the predictive recursion’s mixture model.
Artificial intelligence and digital tools for design and execution of cardiovascular clinical trials
Authors: Hu Jiun-Ruey , Power John R , Zannad Faiez , Lam Carolyn S P 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
Recent advances have given rise to a spectrum of digital health technologies that have the potential to revolutionize the design and conduct of cardiovascular clinical trials. Advances in domain tasks such as automated diagnosis and classification, synthesis of high-volume data and latent data from adjacent modalities, patient discovery, telemedicine, remote monitoring, augmented reality, and in silico modelling have the potential to enhance the efficiency, accuracy, and cost-effectiveness of cardiovascular clinical trials. However, early experience with these tools has also exposed important issues, including regulatory barriers, clinical validation and acceptance, technological literacy, integration with care models, and health equity concerns. This narrative review summarizes the landscape of digital tools at each stage of clinical trial planning and execution and outlines roadblocks and opportunities for successful implementation of digital tools in cardiovascular clinical trials.
On Liftings of Modules of Finite Projective Dimension
Authors: KC Nawaj , Soto Levins Andrew J 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
We introduce and study a notion of Serre liftable modules; these are modules that are liftable to modules of the maximal possible dimension over a regular local ring. We establish new cases of Serre’s positivity conjecture over ramified regular local rings by proving it for Serre liftable modules. Furthermore, we show that the length of a nonzero Serre liftable module is bounded below by the Hilbert–Samuel multiplicity of the local ring. This establishes special cases of the Length Conjecture of Iyengar–Ma–Walker.
Oral ciprofloxacin biofilm activity in a catheter-associated urinary tract infection model
Authors: Abbott Iain J , Anderson Connor R B , van Gorp Elke , Wallis Steve C , Roberts Jason A , Meletiadis Joseph , Peleg Anton Y 
Published: December 2024

Abstract

Background
Catheter-associated urinary tract infections (CA-UTIs) are a common hospital-acquired infection. We examined ciprofloxacin activity in a novel CA-UTI in vitro model.

Methods
Three ATCC strains [Escherichia coli (ECO)-25922, Klebsiella pneumoniae (KPN)-700721, Pseudomonas aeruginosa (PAE)-27853] and 45 clinical urinary isolates were assessed. Biofilm mass and planktonic bacterial density were quantified during drug-free incubation (72 h) and following ciprofloxacin exposure (equivalent 750 mg orally q12h, 3 days).

Results
ECO produced smaller biofilms (6.3 ± 1.1 log10 cfu/cm2) compared with KPN (7.1 ± 0.7 log10 cfu/cm2) and PAE (7.0 ± 1.2 log10 cfu/cm2), which extended along the entire catheter length. Following ciprofloxacin, all isolates with MIC &gt; 4 mg/L had minimal biofilm disruption or planktonic kill. Ciprofloxacin resistance was most common in PAE isolates (10/16 isolates), compared with ECO (3/16 isolates) and KPN (6/16 isolates). Greater ciprofloxacin exposure (AUC0–24/MIC) was required for a 3 log10 biofilm kill for KPN (5858; R2 = 0.7774) compared with ECO (2117; R2 = 0.7907) and PAE (2485; R2 = 0.8260). Due to persistent growth in the bladder, ECO required greater ciprofloxacin exposure for a 3 log10 planktonic kill (5920; R2 = 0.8440) compared with KPN (2825; R2 = 0.9121) and PAE (1760; R2 = 0.8781). Monte Carlo simulation supported a 95% PTA for both a 3 log10 biofilm and planktonic kill for ECO and KPN isolates with MIC ≤ 0.5 mg/L and PAE isolates with MIC ≤ 1 mg/L.

Conclusions
In a novel CA-UTI model, following simulated ciprofloxacin therapy, KPN biofilms were comparatively more difficult to disrupt, ECO planktonic growth frequently persisted in the bladder, and PAE had greater propensity for emergence of ciprofloxacin resistance.
Combining density forecast accuracy tests: an application to agricultural, energy, and metal commodities
Authors: Algieri Bernardina , Leccadito Arturo , Sicoli Danilo , Tunaru Diana 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
This study develops a new methodology for combining density forecast accuracy tests and assessing the relevance of psychological indicators in predicting commodity returns. Density forecasts provide a complete description of the uncertainty associated with a prediction and are highly requested by policymakers, central bankers, and financial operators to define policy actions, manage financial risks, and assess portfolio selection. The proposed methodology combines different tests and derives the p-value of the resulting test statistic by Monte Carlo simulations. To assess the power of the proposed methodology, we implement a set of experiments for several data-generating processes. Based on an empirical forecasting exercise applied to agricultural, energy, and metal commodities, we find that sentiment variables and psychological factors improve the density forecasts of commodity futures returns, especially for agricultural commodities. Additionally, combinations of sentiment variables are more powerful in predicting returns than considering them separately.
Personalized dynamic super learning: an application in predicting hemodiafiltration convection volumes
Authors: Chatton Arthur , Bally Michèle , Lévesque Renée , Malenica Ivana , Platt Robert W , Schnitzer Mireille E 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
Obtaining continuously updated predictions is a major challenge for personalized medicine. Leveraging combinations of parametric regressions and machine learning algorithms, the personalized online super learner (POSL) can achieve such dynamic and personalized predictions. We adapt POSL to predict a repeated continuous outcome dynamically and propose a new way to validate such personalized or dynamic prediction models. We illustrate its performance by predicting the convection volume of patients undergoing hemodiafiltration. POSL outperformed its candidate learners with respect to median absolute error, calibration-in-the-large, discrimination, and net benefit. We finally discuss the choices and challenges underlying the use of POSL.
Are complex traits underpinned by polygenic molecular traits? A reflection on the complexity of gene expression
Authors: Hajheidari Mohsen , Sunyaev Shamil , de Meaux Juliette 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
Variation in complex traits is controlled by multiple genes. The prevailing assumption is that such polygenic complex traits are underpinned by variation in elementary molecular traits, such as gene expression, which themselves have a simple genetic basis. Here, we review recent advances that reveal the captivating complexity of gene regulation: the cell type, time point, and magnitude of gene expression are not merely dependent on a couple of regulators; rather, they result from a probabilistic process shaped by cis- and trans-regulatory elements collaboratively integrating internal and external cues with the tightly regulated dynamics of DNA. In addition, the finding that genetic variants linked to complex diseases in humans often do not co-localize with quantitative trait loci modulating gene expression, along with the role of nonfunctional transcription factor (TF) binding sites, suggests that some of the genetic effects influencing gene expression variation may be indirect. If the number of genomic positions responsible for TF binding, TF binding site search time, DNA conformation and accessibility as well as regulation of all trans-acting factors is indeed vast, is it plausible that the complexity of elementary molecular traits approaches the complexity of higher-level organismal traits? Although it is hard to know the answer to this question, we motivate it by reviewing the complexity of the molecular machinery further.
Perspectives on the use of ChatGPT in academic publications
Authors: Kardes Guzin , Tuna Oran Nazan 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
The use of ChatGPT, an artifcial intelligence-based language model, in article writing has raised ethical issues such as authorship, plagiarism, and errors in references. In this research, we aimed to examine the use of ChatGPT in academic publications from an ethical perspective. In the procedures published by many publishers, it is stated that ChatGPT cannot be accepted as an author, but support can be received from them in cases such as translation, and this support should be clearly stated in the acknowledgment section of the article. However, there is a need for programs that can objectively evaluate the sections where ChatGPT is used, rather than relying on the subjective statements of the authors regarding for which parts of the article they have received support from ChatGPT. With the correct use of this technology, it is thought that concerns in the field of academia can be eliminated in the near future.