bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Primary immune regulatory disorders for the pediatric hematologist and oncologist: A case‐based review
Authors: Chandrakasan Shanmuganathan , Chandra Sharat , Davila Saldana Blachy J. , Torgerson Troy R. , Buchbinder David 
Published: January 2019

AbstractAn array of monogenic immune defects marked by autoimmunity, lymphoproliferation, and hyperinflammation rather than infections have been described. Primary immune regulatory disorders pose a challenge to pediatric hematologists and oncologists. This paper focuses on primary immune regulatory disorders including autoimmune lymphoproliferative syndrome (ALPS) and ALPS‐like syndromes, immunodysregulation, polyendocrinopathy, enteropathy, X‐linked (IPEX) and IPEX‐like disorders, common variable immunodeficiency (CVID), CVID‐like, and late‐onset combined immunodeficiency (CID) disorders. Hyperinflammatory disorders and those associated with increased susceptibility to lymphoid malignancies are also discussed. Using a case‐based approach, a review of clinical pearls germane to the clinical and laboratory evaluation as well as the treatment of these disorders is provided.
Synthesis and physical properties of poly(urethane)s using vicinal diols derived from acrylate and styrene monomers
Authors: Akbulut Huseyin , Yoshida Yoshiaki , Yamada Shuhei , Endo Takeshi 
Published: January 2019

ABSTRACTWe describe the utilization of four kinds of diol derivatives, representing structural similarity to the well‐known and commercially available vinyl monomers such as acrylate, acrylamide, styrene, and N‐substituted maleimide. The vinyl monomers are readily converted by dihydroxylation reaction to afford the vicinal diol. The synthesis of poly(urethane)s was performed by the reaction of the vicinal diol with two model diisocyanates, including methylene diphenyl isocyanate (MDI) and hexamethylene diisocyanate (HDI) in the presence of dibutyltin dilaurate to form a series of poly(urethane)s, and the effect of vicinal diol containing a side chain inherited from vinyl monomers on their thermal and mechanical properties was investigated using thermogravimetric analysis, differential scanning calorimetry, and tensile test. © 2019 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Polym. Sci., Part A: Polym. Chem. 2019, 57, 799–805
Bidirectional connectivity via fish ladders in a large Neotropical river
Authors: Celestino Leandro Fernandes , Sanz‐Ronda Francisco Javier , Miranda Leandro Esteban , Makrakis Maristela Cavicchioli , Dias João Henrique Pinheiro , Makrakis Sergio 
Published: January 2019

AbstractThe conservation of migratory fish species worldwide has been threatened by the loss of longitudinal connectivity caused by dams intercepting large rivers. One environmental management strategy for reestablishing connectivity is providing passage through fish ladders. However, ladders in Neotropical rivers have been described as ascending one‐way routes. We analysed the movements of Prochilodus lineatus through a fish ladder at a large dam—Porto Primavera—in the heavily impounded Upper Paraná River, Brazil, to determine whether the ladder connected habitats downstream and upstream of the dam, in both directions. A total of 1,419 specimens of P. lineatus were PIT‐tagged above and below the dam, and continuously monitored for 4 years. We documented bidirectional movements of P. lineatus through the fish ladder. Many individuals repeated these movements annually; one individual as many as six times. It was estimated that the cumulative probability that P. lineatus would return from downstream after descending through the ladder was 0.38, 0.50, and 0.56 in 1, 2, and 3 years, respectively. Correspondingly, return probabilities from upstream were 0.15, 0.22, and 0.26 in 1–3 years, respectively. Although return probabilities from upstream were roughly half, our results suggest the Porto Primavera fish ladder contributes to habitat connectivity, bidirectional passage, and preservation of P. lineatus. These results deviate from the perception that fishways are ineffective in Neotropical rivers. We suggest that fishways can restore the bidirectional connectivity denied to some Neotropical species, and until the services of dams are no longer needed, environmental management through fish ladders could continue to be considered as an integral part of broader conservation strategy designed to preserve native fauna.
Intrinsically Electrochromic Deep Eutectic Solvents
Authors: Cruz Hugo , Jordão Noémi , Dionísio Madalena , Pina Fernando , Branco Luís C. 
Published: January 2019

AbstractMulti‐colored intrinsically electrochromic based Deep Eutectic Solvents (IEDES) have been firstly developed. IEDES composed by the suitable mixing between viologen salt derivatives as HBA and ethylene glycol (EG), glycerol (Gly) and poly(ethylene glycol) (PEG) as HBD have been prepared and characterized by thermal and electrochemical studies. A detailed electrochemical characterization of the IEDES using cyclic voltammetry studies in 2‐electrodes (ECDs) configuration cells were performed. The most promissory IEDES based on viologen salt derivatives can act simultaneously as electrolyte and electrochromic. Preliminary redox cycling studies showed a reversible and stable ECD composed by [(C5O2)2bpy]I2:EG at least until 1300 minutes. The coloration efficiency and reversibility can be tuned changing only the alcohol counterpart and/or the side chains and anion of the viologen derivatives. These IEDES can be explored as functional and efficient multi‐colored ECDs. Also, these innovative materials can open attractive applications for material science and energy devices.
Synthesis of N‐Bridged 6,8‐Dinitrotriazolo[1,5‐a]pyridines
Authors: Starosotnikov Alexey M. , Bastrakov Maxim A. , Knyazev Daniil A. , Fedyanin Ivan V. , Kachala Vadim V. , Dalinger Igor L. 
Published: January 2019

AbstractFacile and efficient protocols for the synthesis of 2‐R‐6,8‐dinitro[1,2,4]triazolo[1,5‐a]pyridines from commercially available starting materials have been developed. The reactions proceed via cyclization of corresponding 3,5‐dinitropyridine‐2‐yl hydrazides or aldehyde 3,5‐dinitropyridine‐2‐yl hydrazones followed by in situ Dimroth rearrangement to provide these triazole fused bicyclic heterocycles in good yields under mild conditions. Another synthetic route to target N‐bridged dinitro[1,2,4]triazolo[1,5‐a]pyridines includes arylation of 5‐aryltetrazoles with 2‐chloro‐3,5‐dinitropyridine and subsequent thermal decomposition/cyclization.
FMMWCNTs@CPA@SMTU@PdII NPs: As a Versatile Ferromagnetic Nanostructured Catalyst for Sonogashira‐Hagihara Cross‐Coupling Reaction in Solvent‐Free Conditions
Authors: Ghasemzadeh Maryam Sadat , Akhlaghinia Batool 
Published: January 2019

AbstractThis study deals with the designing and preparation of PdII immobilized on ferromagnetic multi‐walled carbon nanotubes functionalized by aminated 2‐chloroethylphosphonic acid with S‐methylisothiourea (FMMWCNTs@CPA@SMTU@PdII NPs) as a versatile ferromagnetic nanostructured catalyst. Fourier transform infrared (FT‐IR), X‐ray diffraction (XRD) analysis, transmission electron microscopy (TEM), field emission scanning electron microscopy (FE‐SEM), energy‐dispersive X‐ray spectroscopy (EDX), EDS‐map, thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), vibrating sample magnetometry (VSM), inductively coupled plasma atomic emission spectroscopy (ICP‐OES) and X‐ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) were used to characterize the nanocatalyst. The results show that FMMWCNTs@CPA@SMTU@PdII NPs with decorated MWCNTs by Fe3O4 NPs exhibited ferromagnetic properties with a uniform rod‐like morphology and particle sizes of about 20–30 nm. The catalytic performance of FMMWCNTs@CPA@SMTU@PdII NPs was evaluated in Sonogashira‐Hagihara cross‐coupling reaction at room temperature and in solvent‐free conditions. Under appropriate condition, all reactions proceeded at a faster initial rate while exhibiting excellent activity and selectivity and the desired products were obtained in relatively excellent yields.
A Green Route Strategy for the Synthesis of Multifunctional Polymer Nanocomposites for Environmental Sustainability
Authors: Mazumdar Payal , Rattan Sunita , Singhal Prachi , Sharma Indu , Gupta Bipin K. 
Published: January 2019

AbstractHerein, one‐step green strategy is demonstrated for the synthesis of multifunctional polymer nanocomposite material using eco‐friendly thiol‐enephotopolymerization reaction at room temperature without use of any crosslinking agents. The greener route of thiol‐ene click reaction results in the formation of extremely high functional groups incorporated crosslinked surface as the thiol groups are reacted with each double bond in the nanograpite network, which is difficult to obtain by any other conventional method. In an attempt to encounter with environmental issues, this facile nanocomposite material can not only detect organic vapor in air but also degrades organic pollutant and microorganisms in water. The response time obtained by thiol‐ene functionalized nanocomposite (TE‐f‐NC) material is recorded as 6 seconds and the recovery is not more than 60 seconds towards formaldehyde vapors. The TE‐f‐NCs for detection of formaldehyde vapor will make a value‐added ultimate product and their commercialization will directly benefit to the society. Moreover, the photocatalytic activity of the obtained TE‐f‐NC material for the degradation of methyl blue (MB) under UV irradiation source was investigated, and found more than 50% of the initial concentration of MB dye degraded within first 3 min using TE‐f‐NC (0.6%) polymer nanocomposite. Along with photocatalytic activity, It is worth pointing out that the hybrid material can be readily used for antimicrobial activity toward various pathogenic microbes depicting the growth inhibition of microorganism by disrupting the cell walls.
Contemplative interventions and employee distress: A meta‐analysis
Authors: Slemp Gavin R. , Jach Hayley K. , Chia Austin , Loton Daniel J. , Kern Margaret L. 
Published: January 2019

AbstractMindfulness, meditation, and other practices that form contemplative interventions are increasingly offered in workplaces to support employee mental health. Studies have reported benefits across various populations, yet researchers have expressed concerns that adoption of such interventions has outpaced scientific evidence. We reappraise the extant literature by meta‐analytically testing the efficacy of contemplative interventions in reducing psychological distress in employees (meta‐analysed set: k = 119; N = 6,044). Complementing other reviews, we also examine a range of moderators and the impact of biases that could artificially inflate effect sizes. Results suggested interventions were generally effective in reducing employee distress, yielding small to moderate effects that were sustained at last follow‐up. Effects were moderated by the type of contemplative intervention offered and the type of control group utilized. We also found evidence of publication bias, which is likely inflating estimated effects. Uncontrolled single‐sample studies were more affected by bias than were large or randomized controlled trial studies. Adjustments for publication bias lowered overall effects. Overall, our review supports the effectiveness of contemplative interventions in reducing employee distress, but there is a need for proactive strategies to mitigate artificially inflated effect sizes to avoid the misapplication of contemplative interventions in work settings.
Lamellarly Stacking Porous N, P Co‐Doped Mo2C/C Nanosheets as High Performance Anode for Lithium‐Ion Batteries
Authors: Lyu Fucong , Zeng Shanshan , Sun Zhifang , Qin Ning , Cao Lujie , Wang Zhenyu , Jia Zhe , Wu Shaofei , Ma Fei‐Xiang , Li Minchan , Wang Wenxi , Li Yang Yang , Lu Jian , Lu Zhouguang 
Published: January 2019

AbstractLayered stacking and highly porous N, P co‐doped Mo2C/C nanosheets are prepared from a stable Mo‐enhanced hydrogel. The hydrogel is formed through the ultrafast cross‐linking of phosphomolybdic acid and chitosan. During the reduction of the composite hydrogel framework under inert gas protection, highly porous N and P co‐doped carbon nanosheets are produced with the in situ formation of ultrafine Mo2C nanoparticles highly distributed throughout the nanosheets which are entangled via a hierarchical lamellar infrastructure. This unique architecture of the N, P co‐doped Mo2C/C nanosheets tremendously promote the electrochemical activity and operate stability with high specific capacity and extremely stable cycling. In particular, this versatile synthetic strategy can also be extended to other polyoxometalate (such as phosphotungstic acid) to provide greater opportunities for the controlled fabrication of novel hierarchical nanostructures for next‐generation high performance energy storage applications.
Durability and performance of loofah sponge as carrier for wastewater treatment with high ammonium
Authors: Zhang Jian , Yang Jianpeng , Tian Qing , Liang Xing , Zhu Yanbin , Sand Wolfgang , Li Fang , Ma Chunyan , Liu Yanbiao , Yang Bo 
Published: January 2019

AbstractLoofah sponge (LS) was used as carrier for high ammonia wastewater treatment with a sequencing batch biofilm reactor (SBBR), aimed at evaluating its nitrogen removal performance and durability to changeable pH and microbial corrosion. The results indicate that the average removal for COD, –N and total nitrogen (TN) accounted for more than 80%, 90%, and 70%, respectively, in 203 days. After SBBR operation for 108 days, the average weight loss of the loofah sponge was 49.1%. Yet, the main structure of utilized loofah sponge remained unaffected (proved by scanning electron microscopy). Moreover, based on attenuated total reflection‐infrared spectroscopy (ATR‐IR) and X‐ray diffraction (XRD) measurements, cellulose, and hemicelluloses in the loofah sponge were reduced significantly obviously causing the proportion of lignin to increase. During the 108th to 203 days, the removal efficiencies of COD (81.6 ± 7.05%), –N (79.4 ± 8.82%), and TN (79.9 ± 2.85%) remained at a high level.Practitioner points

Loofah sponge had good durability to high ammonia and changeable pH.

Lignin was the protective material of loofah sponge for resisting pH fluctuation and microbial corrosion.

SBBR maintained a steady nitrogen removal performance with a low COD/N ratio.
‘Who is a Negator of History?’ Revisiting the Debate over Left Fascism 50 Years after 1968
Authors: DUFORD ROCHELLE 
Published: January 2019

AbstractThis paper revisits a debate dating from 1968 over the existence of left fascism and the role of theory and praxis in combating it. I trace the contours of the debate through the philosophy of history as it is delineated by Adorno, Deleuze, Foucault, and Marcuse. This positions the existence of left-wing fascism as a question concerning the role of history and futurity in thought and action. Specifically, the debate is formed by disagreement over the possibility of spontaneous action unconditioned by authoritarian social structures. I argue that Adorno and Foucault both require the use of history in service of liberation, while Deleuze and Marcuse seek to negate history in order to develop a new world in which the subject might be free. Lastly, I provide contemporary context to this unresolved debate, ultimately arguing that both sides of the debate must be considered in irresolvable dialectical tension with the other.
Does the addition of dextrose to IV crystalloid therapy provide clinical benefit in acute dehydration? A systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Grigsby Ashley , Herron Jennifer , Hunter Benton R. 
Published: January 2019

ABSTRACTObjectivesIntravenous dextrose aids in the resolution of ketosis in dehydrated patients not tolerating oral glucose and is often recommended in this clinical scenario. Our aim was to determine whether the addition of dextrose to intravenous rehydration solutions results in decreased hospital admissions or other clinically important benefits among dehydrated children or adults.MethodsMEDLINE, EMBASE, Web of Science, SCOPUS, and the Cochrane Library were searched by a medical librarian from inception through November 2017. The inclusion criteria were randomized controlled trials comparing dextrose containing intravenous solutions with intravenous solutions without dextrose in patients being treated for dehydration, and not already hospitalized.ResultsThe database and bibliographies search identified 1,472 unique citations. Only two trials (N = 333) met the inclusion criteria. Both compared normal saline with solutions of dextrose in normal saline. There was no statistically significant difference in admission rates (relative risk = 0.83; 95% confidence interval = 0.62 to 1.10) or revisits (relative risk = 0.54; 95% confidence interval = 0.24 to 1.22). Heterogeneity was low (I2= 0). No other outcome results were eligible for pooling, but neither study found differences in any clinical outcomes. No adverse events were reported in either trial.ConclusionsThe addition of dextrose to intravenous saline has not been shown to improve clinical outcomes in dehydrated children presenting to the emergency department with gastroenteritis, but the confidence intervals around the estimate of effect are wide and include the possibility of substantial benefit.
How Much Sciatic Nerve Does Hip Flexion Require?
Authors: Robinson Lawrence R. , Probyn Linda 
Published: January 2019

ABSTRACT:Measured nerve conduction velocity in the fibular nerve increases across the knee during hip flexion. This is due to stretching of sciatic and fibular nerves. We modeled the additional nerve length required for the sciatic nerve to course around the flexed hip, based upon distance between the hip and the sciatic nerve on magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). The median distance from the femoral head to the sciatic nerve was 41 mm. The model predicted that 64 mm of sciatic nerve is required for hip flexion. This impacts our understanding of lower limb nerve conduction studies and clinical straight leg raising tests.
Structure, regulation and related diseases of the actin-binding protein gelsolin
Authors: Feldt Jessica , Schicht Martin , Garreis Fabian , Welss Jessica , Schneider Ulrich W. , Paulsen Friedrich 
Published: January 2019

AbstractGelsolin (GSN), one of the most abundant actin-binding proteins, is involved in cell motility, shape and metabolism. As a member of the GSN superfamily, GSN is a highly structured protein in eukaryotic cells that can be regulated by calcium concentration, intracellular pH, temperature and phosphatidylinositol-4,5-bisphosphate. GSN plays an important role in cellular mechanisms as well as in different cellular interactions. Because of its participation in immunologic processes and its interaction with different cells of the immune system, GSN is a potential candidate for various therapeutic applications. In this review, we summarise the structure of GSN as well as its regulating and functional roles, focusing on distinct diseases such as Alzheimer's disease, rheumatoid arthritis and cancer. A short overview of GSN as a therapeutic target in today's medicine is also provided.
Early Cretaceous cyclostome bryozoans from the early to middle Albian of the Glen Rose and Walnut formations of Texas, USA
Authors: Martha Silviu O. , Taylor Paul D. , Rader William L. 
Published: January 2019

AbstractThe Glen Rose and Walnut formations of southcentral and northcentral Texas comprise shallow-water carbonates deposited during the late Aptian to middle Albian on a carbonate platform. The formations are famous for their rich fossil faunas. Although bryozoans are absent in late Aptian sediments, they are frequently found encrusting bivalve shells from the early to middle Albian parts of these formations. Here, we describe the cyclostome bryozoan fauna, which includes six species;Stomatoporasp.,Oncousoecia khirarn. sp.,Reptomultisparsa mclemoreaen. sp.,Hyporosopora keeran. sp.,Mesonopora bernardwalterin. sp., and ?Unicaveasp. Most cyclostomes are found encrusting rudist shells from Unit 2 of the Lower Member of the Glen Rose Formation and units 3 and 6 of the Upper Member of the Glen Rose Formation.UUID:http://zoobank.org/4380dcb5-63b2-4aa9-959c-09eb6b03831f
BASES AND BOREL SELECTORS FOR TALL FAMILIES
Authors: GREBÍK JAN , UZCÁTEGUI CARLOS 
Published: January 2019

AbstractGiven a family${\cal C}$of infinite subsets of${\Bbb N}$, we study when there is a Borel function$S:2^{\Bbb N} \to 2^{\Bbb N} $such that for every infinite$x \in 2^{\Bbb N} $,$S\left( x \right) \in {\Cal C}$and$S\left( x \right) \subseteq x$. We show that the family of homogeneous sets (with respect to a partition of a front) as given by the Nash-Williams’ theorem admits such a Borel selector. However, we also show that the analogous result for Galvin’s lemma is not true by proving that there is an$F_\sigma $tall ideal on${\Bbb N}$without a Borel selector. The proof is not constructive since it is based on complexity considerations. We construct a${\bf{\Pi }}_2^1 $tall ideal on${\Bbb N}$without a tall closed subset.
STRONG DENSITY OF DEFINABLE TYPES AND CLOSED ORDERED DIFFERENTIAL FIELDS
Authors: BROUETTE QUENTIN , KOVACSICS PABLO CUBIDES , POINT FRANÇOISE 
Published: January 2019

AbstractThe following strong form of density of definable types is introduced for theoriesTadmitting a fibered dimension functiond: given a modelMofTand a definable setX⊆Mn, there is a definable typepinX, definable over a code forXand of the samed-dimension asX. Both o-minimal theories and the theory of closed ordered differential fields (CODF) are shown to have this property. As an application, we derive a new proof of elimination of imaginaries for CODF.
Reduced fusion systems over p-groups with abelian subgroup of index p: III
Authors: Oliver Bob , Ruiz Albert 
Published: January 2019

AbstractWe finish the classification, begun in two earlier papers, of all simple fusion systems over finite nonabelian p-groups with an abelian subgroup of index p. In particular, this gives many new examples illustrating the enormous variety of exotic examples that can arise. In addition, we classify all simple fusion systems over infinite nonabelian discrete p-toral groups with an abelian subgroup of index p. In all of these cases (finite or infinite), we reduce the problem to one of listing all 𝔽pG-modules (for G finite) satisfying certain conditions: a problem which was solved in the earlier paper [15] using the classification of finite simple groups.
On critical and supercritical pseudo-relativistic nonlinear Schrödinger equations
Authors: Choi Woocheol , Hong Younghun , Seok Jinmyoung 
Published: January 2019

AbstractIn this paper, we investigate existence and non-existence of a nontrivial solution to the pseudo-relativistic nonlinear Schrödinger equation$$\left( \sqrt{-c^2\Delta + m^2 c^4}-mc^2\right) u + \mu u = \vert u \vert^{p-1}u\quad {\rm in}~{\open R}^n~(n \ges 2) $$involving anH1/2-critical/supercritical power-type nonlinearity, that is,p ⩾ ((n + 1)/(n − 1)). We prove that in the non-relativistic regime, there exists a nontrivial solution provided that the nonlinearity isH1/2-critical/supercritical but it isH1-subcritical. On the other hand, we also show that there is no nontrivial bounded solution either (i) if the nonlinearity isH1/2-critical/supercritical in the ultra-relativistic regime or (ii) if the nonlinearity isH1-critical/supercritical in all cases.