bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Molecular memory of periodic thermal stimulation in an immune complex
Authors: Stan Razvan C. , de Camargo Maristela M. 
Published: August 2018

AbstractProteins search their vast conformational space in order to attain the native fold and bind productively to relevant biological partners. In particular, most proteins must be able to alternate between at least one active conformational state and back to an inactive conformer, especially for the macromolecules that perform work and need to optimize energy usage. This property may be invoked by a physical stimulus (temperature, radiation) or by a chemical ligand, and may occur through mapping of the protein external environment onto a subset of protein conformers. We have stimulated with temperature cycles two partners of an immune complex before and after assembly, and revealed that properties of the external stimulus (period, phase) are also found in the characteristics of the immune complex (i.e. periodic variations in the binding affinity). These results are important for delineating the bases of molecular memory ex vivo and could serve in the optimization of protein based sensors.
Data quality reporting: good practice for transparent estimates from forest and land cover surveys
Authors: Birigazzi Luca , Gregoire Timothy G. , Finegold Yelena , Cóndor Golec Rocίo D. , Sandker Marieke , Donegan Emily , Gamarra Javier G. P. 
Published: August 2018

AbstractThe need to provide transparent and reliable Greenhouse Gas (GHG) emission estimates is strongly emphasized in the context of international reporting under the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change (UN-FCCC) and the Paris Agreement. Yet it is difficult to find specific guidance about what information is really needed to evaluate the quality of the emission factors or activity data used for GHG emission estimates. The most commonly used indicator of the reliability of an estimation procedure (and one of the few indicators explicitly mentioned in the 2006 IPCC guidelines) is the so-called confidence interval, usually at a confidence level of 90% or 95%. This interval, however, is unlikely to be a meaningful indicator of the quality of the estimate, if not associated with additional information about the estimation and survey procedures (such as on the sampling design, measurement protocols or quality control routines, among others). We provide a review of the main sources of error that can have an impact on the precision and accuracy of the estimation of both emission factors and activity data and a list of the essential survey features that should be reported to properly evaluate the quality of a GHG emission estimate. Such list is also applicable to the reporting of national forest inventories and of area estimation of activity data, and includes the case in which confidence intervals are obtained using error propagation techniques.
Integrative pathway enrichment analysis of multivariate omics data
Authors: Paczkowska Marta , Barenboim Jonathan , Sintupisut Nardnisa , Fox Natalie C. , Zhu Helen , Abd-Rabbo Diala ,   PCAWG Network and Pathway Analysis Group, Boutros Paul C. , Reimand Jüri 
Published: August 2018

ABSTRACTMulti-omics datasets quantify complementary aspects of molecular biology and thus pose challenges to data interpretation and hypothesis generation. ActivePathways is an integrative method that discovers significantly enriched pathways across multiple omics datasets using a statistical data fusion approach, rationalizes contributing evidence and highlights associated genes. We demonstrate its utility by analyzing coding and non-coding mutations from 2,583 whole cancer genomes, revealing frequently mutated hallmark pathways and a long tail of known and putative cancer driver genes. We also studied prognostic molecular pathways in breast cancer subtypes by integrating genomic and transcriptomic features of tumors and tumor-adjacent cells and found significant associations with immune response processes and anti-apoptotic signaling pathways. ActivePathways is a versatile method that improves systems-level understanding of cellular organization in health and disease through integration of multiple molecular datasets and pathway annotations.
EndoC-βH1 multi-genomic profiling defines gene regulatory programs governing human pancreatic β cell identity and function
Authors: Lawlor Nathan , Márquez Eladio J. , Orchard Peter , Narisu Narisu , Shamim Muhammad Saad , Thibodeau Asa , Varshney Arushi , Kursawe Romy , Erdos Michael R. , Kanke Matt , Gu Huiya , Pak Evgenia , Dutra Amalia , Russell Sheikh , Li Xingwang , Piecuch Emaly , Luo Oscar , Chines Peter S. , Fuchbserger Christian ,   NIH Intramural Sequencing Center, Sethupathy Praveen , Aiden Aviva Presser , Ruan Yijun , Aiden Erez Lieberman , Collins Francis S. , Ucar Duygu , Parker Stephen C.J. , Stitzel Michael L. 
Published: August 2018

SUMMARYEndoC-βH1 is emerging as a critical human beta cell model to study the genetic and environmental etiologies of beta cell function, especially in the context of diabetes. Comprehensive knowledge of its molecular landscape is lacking yet required to fully take advantage of this model. Here, we report extensive chromosomal (spectral karyotyping), genetic (genotyping), epigenetic (ChIP-seq, ATAC-seq), chromatin interaction (Hi-C, Pol2 ChIA-PET), and transcriptomic (RNA-seq, miRNA-seq) maps of this cell model. Integrated analyses of these maps define known (e.g.,PDX1, ISL1) and putative (e.g.,PCSK1, mir-375) beta cell-specific chromatin interactions and transcriptionalcis-regulatory networks, and identify allelic effects oncis-regulatory element use and expression.Importantly, comparative analyses with maps generated in primary human islets/beta cells indicate substantial preservation of chromatin looping, but also highlight chromosomal heterogeneity and fetal genomic signatures in EndoC-βH1. Together, these maps, and an interactive web application we have created for their exploration, provide important tools for the broad community in the design and success of experiments to probe and manipulate the genetic programs governing beta cell identity and (dys)function in diabetes.
Beyond stability constraints: a biophysical model of enzyme evolution with selection for stability and activity
Authors: Echave Julian 
Published: August 2018

AbstractProteins trace trajectories in sequence space as their amino acids become substituted by other amino acids. The number of substitutions per unit time, the rate of evolution, varies among sites because of biophysical constraints. Several properties that characterize sites’ local environments have been proposed as biophysical determinants of site-specific evolutionary rates. Thus, rate increases with increasing solvent exposure, increasing flexibility, and decreasing local packing density. For enzymes, rate increases also with increasing distance from the protein’s active residues, presumably due to functional constraints. The dependence of rates on solvent accessibility, packing density, and flexibility has been mechanistically explained in terms of selection for stability. However, as I show here, a stability-based model fails to reproduce the observed rate-distance dependence, overestimating rates close to the active residues and underestimating rates of distant sites. Here, I pose a new biophysical model of enzyme evolution with selection for stability and activity (MSA) and compare it with a stability-based counterpart (MS). Testing these models on a structurally and functionally diverse dataset of monomeric enzymes, I found that MSA fits observed rates better than MS for most proteins. While both models reproduce the observed dependence of rates on solvent accessibility, packing, and flexibility, MSA fits these dependencies somewhat better. Importantly, while MS fails to reproduce the dependence of rates on distance from the active residues, MSA accounts for the rate-distance dependence quantitatively. Thus, the variation of evolutionary rate among enzyme sites is mechanistically underpinned by natural selection for both stability and activity.
Hippocampal neurogenesis promotes preference for future rewards
Authors: Seib Désirée R. , Espinueva Delane , Princz-Lebel Oren , Chahley Erin , Floresco Stan B. , Snyder Jason S. 
Published: August 2018

ABSTRACTAdult hippocampal neurogenesis is implicated in a number of disorders where reward processes are disrupted but whether new neurons regulate specific reward behaviors remains unknown. We find that blocking neurogenesis in rats reduces activation of the ventral dentate gyrus and causes a profound aversion for delayed rewards. Delay-based decision-making restructured dendrites and spines in adult-born neurons, consistent with activity-dependent neuronal recruitment. These findings identify a novel role for neurogenesis in decisions about future rewards, which is compromised in disorders where short-sighted gains are preferred at the expense of long-term health.
Company responses to demands for annual report changes
Authors: Johansen Thomas Riise , Plenborg Thomas 
Published: August 2018

PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to examine how and the extent to which barriers to change inhibit new ideas about note disclosures to manifest themselves in annual reports.Design/methodology/approachThe study employs regulation theory and draws on case studies in Denmark and the UK to understand compliance motivations and, on that basis, to identify the barriers to and enablers of changes to note disclosures in annual reports.FindingsIt is demonstrated how certain characteristics of the annual report preparation process can dampen the potential for change. It is also shown how preparer perceptions of oversight agents (auditors, enforcers, audit committees) have effects on disclosure behaviour. These characteristics appear to cause defensiveness among the actors involved in the process, inhibiting changes. In contrast, enablers are related to trust in regulatory enforcement, facilitation from enforcers, user orientation and shared understanding among functional groups involved in the preparation process.Practical implicationsThe preparation of notes is susceptible to the influence of a range of factors, such as company politics, perceptions of enforcement styles and actors’ concerns about being blamed for inappropriate responses to regulation. These findings could be considered by regulators, auditors and preparers in enhancing understanding of their respective roles in the annual report preparation process.Originality/valueThis study illuminates the conditions that facilitate change when new ideas are introduced to a highly normative and detailed field. The study contributes to previous research by providing a fieldwork-based analysis of the practices, judgements, discussions and actors involved in the preparation of note disclosures.
Determination of histamine levels in commonly consumed fish in the region of Fez
Authors: Mejrhit Najlae , Azdad Yousra , Azdad Ouarda , Aarab Lotfi 
Published: August 2018

PurposeThe purpose of this paper is, first, to evaluate the quality of commonly consumed fish species in Fez region (Morocco) by quantifying the levels of histamine in fresh fish samples using competitive enzyme-linked immune sorbent assay (ELISA), and then to study the effect of heating and enzymatic digestion on the level of fish-histamine.Design/methodology/approachHistamine content was tested on 80 fresh fish samples of 11 species collected from various local stores in Fez region, from February to March 2016. The analyses were performed using a competitive ELISA assay to measure histamine in fish samples.FindingsELISA results showed that 80 percent of 80 fish samples analyzed was found to contain much lower levels of histamine (<1 mg/kg) and can be considered to be safe for human consumption. However, 20 percent of the samples (16/80) had histamine level higher than the tolerance limit of 200 mg/kg established by Moroccan and International regulations, which the maximum level reached up to 7,331 mg/kg in horse mackerel. Concerning the effect of heating and enzymatic treatments on fish-histamine levels, results have shown a low reduction in histamine contents in the majority of fish samples under these treatments.Originality/valueIn conclusion, good quality of the fish product, demonstrated by histamine levels, was found in the most of fish samples analyzed, while 20 percent of the samples are non-compliant and exceed the tolerance limit established by the national and international regulatory limit.
Digital Empowerment Foundation’s Chanderiyaan Project: linking the poor producers with the market using ICT
Authors: Singh Ramendra , Modi Pratik , Gupta Vaibhav , Sur Arindam 
Published: August 2018

Subject area
Non-governmental organization (NGO) intervention in poor communities using information and communication technology (ICT).

Study level/applicability
BBA, MBA courses on marketing management, social entrepreneurship, rural marketing, marketing to bottom of pyramid.

Case overview
In 2009, Digital Empowerment Foundation (DEF) along with Media Labs Asia and the Ministry of Information and Communication Technology (MICT) established the Chanderi Weavers ICT Resource Centre (CWIRC) as a self-sufficient community information resource center involved in skills’ enhancement of weavers at Chanderi in Madhya Pradesh. The next three years of CWIRC resulted in an overall growth of the project with progress in the various domains of handloom industry through ICT-enabled development of weavers and weaving. The project not only aimed at the handloom industry revival and development, but also advanced in other sectors such as education, health and tourism. Osama Manzar, the DEF founder, is in a dilemma as to whether the local community of weavers in Chanderi would be able to continue with the sustainable ecosystem created in Chanderi. Is it the right time to exit Chanderi?

Expected learning outcomes
Issues related to the market development at the bottom of the pyramid; managing local communities and building their capabilities for marketing; marketing strategies of community marketing efforts; and key success factors for ensuring successful completion of any developmental project.

Supplementary materials
Teaching Notes are available for educators only. Please contact your library to gain login details or email support@emeraldinsight.com to request teaching notes.

Subject code
CSS 8: Marketing.
Employee engagement: finding a generally accepted measurement scale
Authors: Khodakarami Nima , Dirani Khalil , Rezaei Fatemeh 
Published: August 2018

PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to present a method to find a generally accepted employee engagement scale, particularly in the presence of various alternatives and objectives.Design/methodology/approachTo find the measurement scales, seminal works encapsulating organizational engagement, job engagement and work engagement in Cinhal, PsycINFO and ABI/INFORM database have been reviewed. For finding the optimal choice from available scales, multi-criteria decision-making (MCDM) method was used.FindingsAn agreed-upon measurement scale is achievable through the knowledge of alternatives and consequences, as well as consistent preference ordering and a decision rule. However, choice of the most effective scale varies according to the preference of decision makers.Practical implicationsThis study proposes MCDM method as an intervention for practitioners who aim to assess the level of employee engagement in their organizations. It also provides a decision-making method to scholars to surmount conflicting objectives in their measurement.Originality/valueWhile previous studies have developed manifold measurement scales, there is no study to indicate which scale best measures employee engagement. This paper attempts to define how to choose one scale among the various existing gauges of engagement.
European football supporter attitudes toward ambush marketing
Authors: Burton Nick , Chadwick Simon 
Published: August 2018

Purpose
The purpose of this paper is to explore attitudes towards ambush marketing at the 2016 Union of European Football Associations European Championships, seeking to examine fan affect towards ambush marketing.

Design/methodology/approach
A 24-item survey questionnaire was constructed, exploring consumers’ general cognition and affection of ambush marketing; following Dickson et al.’s (2015) design, industry-specific attitudes were canvassed, assessing supporters’ views of beer and gambling industry ambush marketers.

Findings
Results indicate that fans appear to be marginally more forgiving of ambush practices from beer or gambling brands than across ambushing more generally, yet a prevailing antipathy towards ambush marketing from an ethical perspective was observed. Importantly, however, the study’s findings suggest that industry-specific advertising regulations bear little impact on fan perspectives.

Practical implications
The study’s results bear notable implications for marketing theory and practice: for ambushing brands, this suggests that they are rather less likely to be have a disruptive effect on events and their official sponsors. For official sponsors, a level of threat from ambushers nevertheless remains as it would appear consumers do not have strong views about the practice of ambushing.

Originality/value
The study’s methods build upon and extend previous studies into consumer attitudes towards ambush marketing, specifically focusing on the perceptions and affect of fans in lieu of more empirically generalisable consumer populations. Given the target audiences of sponsors and ambush marketers, this emphasis on fan attitudes represents an important direction in ambush affect research.
Identifying target audience on enterprise social network
Authors: Luo Jianhong , Pan Xuwei , Wang Shixiong , Huang Yujing 
Published: August 2018

Purpose
Delivering messages and information to potentially interested users is one of the distinguishing applications of online enterprise social network (ESN). The purpose of this paper is to provide insights to better understand the repost preferences of users and provide personalized information service in enterprise social media marketing.

Design/methodology/approach
It is accomplished by constructing a target audience identification framework. Repost preference latent Dirichlet allocation (RPLDA) topic model topic model is proposed to understand the mass user online repost preferences toward different contents. A topic-oriented preference metric is proposed to measure the preference degree of individual users. And the function of reposting forecasting is formulated to identify target audience.

Findings
The empirical research shows the following: a total of 20 percent of the repost users in ESN represent the key active users who are particularly interested in the latent topic of messages in ESN and fits Pareto distribution; and the target audience identification framework can successfully identify different target key users for messages with different latent topics.

Practical implications
The findings should motivate marketing managers to improve enterprise brand by identifying key target audience in ESN and marketing in a way that truthfully reflects personalized preferences.

Originality/value
This study runs counter to most current business practices, which tend to use simple popularity to seek important users. Adaptively and dynamically identifying target audience appears to have considerable potential, especially in the rapidly growing area of enterprise social media information service.
Improving sentiment scoring mechanism: a case study on airline services
Authors: Kaur Wandeep , Balakrishnan Vimala 
Published: August 2018

PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to investigate the effect of including letter repetition commonly found within social media text and its impact in determining the sentiment scores for two major airlines in Malaysia.Design/methodology/approachA Sentiment Intensity Calculator (SentI-Cal) was developed by assigning individual weights to each letter repetition, and tested it using data collected from official Facebook pages of the airlines.FindingsEvaluation metrics indicate that SentI-Cal outperforms the baseline tool Semantic Orientation Calculator (SO-CAL), with an accuracy of 90.7 percent compared to 58.33 percent for SO-CAL.Practical implicationsA more accurate sentiment score allows airline services to easily obtain a better understanding of the sentiments of their customers, hence providing opportunities in improving their airline services.Originality/valueProposed mechanism calculates sentiment intensity of social media text by assigning individual weightage to each repeated letter and exclamation mark thus producing a more accurate sentiment score.
A comparative data analytic approach to construct a risk trade-off for cardiac patients’ re-admissions
Authors: Nasir Murtaza , South-Winter Carole , Ragothaman Srini , Dag Ali 
Published: August 2018

Purpose
The purpose of this paper is to formulate a framework to construct a patient-specific risk score and therefore to classify these patients into various risk groups that can be used as a decision support mechanism by the medical decision makers to augment their decision-making process, allowing them to optimally use the limited resources available.

Design/methodology/approach
A conventional statistical model (logistic regression) and two machine learning-based (i.e. artificial neural networks (ANNs) and support vector machines) data mining models were employed by also using five-fold cross-validation in the classification phase. In order to overcome the data imbalance problem, random undersampling technique was utilized. After constructing the patient-specific risk score, k-means clustering algorithm was employed to group these patients into risk groups.

Findings
Results showed that the ANN model achieved the best results with an area under the curve score of 0.867, while the sensitivity and specificity were 0.715 and 0.892, respectively. Also, the construction of patient-specific risk scores offer useful insights to the medical experts, by helping them find a trade-off between risks, costs and resources.

Originality/value
The study contributes to the existing body of knowledge by constructing a framework that can be utilized to determine the risk level of the targeted patient, by employing data mining-based predictive approach.