bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Pendekatan Diagnosis dan Tata Laksana Alergi Obat
Authors: Pandapotan Roy Akur , Rengganis Iris 
Published: March 2018

Alergi obat merupakan salah satu masalah kesehatan yang cukup serius. Alergi obat dapat didefinisikan sebagai reaksi simpang obat yang melibatkan mekanisme imunologis. Meskipun demikian, tidak mudah menentukan apakah suatu reaksi simpang obat merupakan reaksi alergi dan dibutuhkan suatu pendekatan diagnosis yang sistematis. Selain anamnesis, pemeriksaan fisis, pemeriksaan penunjang alergi obat yang terdiri dari pemeriksaan penunjang umum dan khusus yang dapat dilakukan baik in vivo, in vitro, maupun dengan biopsi. Tata laksana alergi obat adalah menghindari faktor yang menimbulkan gejala, mengobati reaksi secara benar dan cara-cara khusus seperti threating through, tes dosing, desensitisasi dan pramedikasi terhadap obat-obat tertentu.Kata Kunci: alergi, diagnosis,obat, tata laksana Approach to Diagnosis and Treatment of Drug AllergyDrug allergy is a serious medical problem. Drug allergy can be defined as an adverse drug reaction involving immunological mechanism. However, it is not easy to decide whether an adverse drug reaction is an allergic reaction, and it requires a systematically diagnostic approach. Beside a thorough history taking and physical examination, there are general and specific laboratory examination to investigate drug allergy which can be done in vivo, in vitro, or biopsy. The management of drug allergy include the avoidance of the precipitating event, and specific methods to reduce the drug reaction which include threating through, dosing test, desensitization, and the administration of premedication for certain drugs.
Analisis Karakteristik dan Persepsi Pengguna Pelayanan Terhadap Pemanfaatan Puskesmas Sebagai Gatekeeper di Dua Puskesmas Kota Bekasi Tahun 2016
Authors: Wulandari Fitria Kusumawati , Achadi Anhari 
Published: March 2018

AbstrakKonsep pelayanan kesehatan primer pada era Jaminan Kesehatan Nasional (JKN) dikembangkan dengan penguatan pelayanan primer sebagai gatekeeper dengan konsep managed care. Pada konsep managed care, suksesnya sistem gatekeeper salah satunya dinilai dari angka kunjungan dan angka rujukan ke Fasilitas Kesehatan Tingkat Lanjutan (FKTL). Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui karakteristik dan persepsi pengguna pelayanan terhadap pemanfaatan Puskesmas sebagai gatekeeper di dua puskesmas Kota Bekasi. Penelitian ini menggunakan desain cross sectional dan pengumpulan data melalui pengisian kuesioner oleh 208 pasien peserta JKN di dua puskesmas Kota Bekasi dengan metode pengambilan sampel secara stratified purposive sampling. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan pekerjaan (nilai p=0,018), persepsi terhadap sikap petugas kesehatan (nilai p=0,000), dan lama berobat (nilai p=0,048) berhubungan dengan pemanfaatan puskesmas sebagai gatekeeper. Persepsi terhadap sikap petugas kesehatan merupakan faktor dominan yang mempengaruhi pemanfaatan Puskesmas sebagai gatekeeper (r=0.720). Penerapan konsep gatekeeper dengan baik dapat meningkatkan pemanfaatan Puskesmas dan menekan angka rujukan ke FKTL. AbstractThe concept of primary health care in the era of National Health Insurance (JKN) is developed by strengthening primary health care as a gatekeeper with the concept of managed care. In this concept of managed care, one og the success story of the gatekeeper system is assessed by the visit and referral rates to the Higher Level of Health Facilities (ALHF/Fasilitas Kesehatan Tingkat Lanjut). This study aimed to determine the characteristics and perception of service users towards utilization of public health centers (PHC/Puskesmas) as gatekeeper in two PHC in City of Bekasi. This study used cross-sectional design and data collection by filling up questionnaires by 208 patients of JKN members in two health centers in Bekasi with stratified purposive sampling methods. The results showed that job(p=0.018), perceptions of the health workers’ attitudes (p=0.000), and treatment duration (p=0.048) were related to the utilization of PHC as a gatekeeper. Perceptions of the health workers’ attitude was the dominant factor affecting the utilization of PHC as a gatekeeper (r=0.720). The health workers’ attitude affected the repeated utilization services in PHC and its utilization as a gatekeeper, especially for continuum care. The proper application of gatekeeper concept should be able to increase the utilization of PHC and reduce the number of referrals to the Advanced Level of Health Facilities (ALHF).
Assessing the disturbance potential of small unoccupied aircraft systems (UAS) on gray seals (Halichoerus grypus) at breeding colonies in Nova Scotia, Canada
Authors: Arona Lauren , Dale Julian , Heaslip Susan G. , Hammill Michael O. , Johnston David W. 
Published: March 2018

The use of small unoccupied aircraft systems (UAS) for ecological studies and wildlife population assessments is increasing. These methods can provide significant benefits in terms of costs and reductions in human risk, but little is known if UAS-based approaches cause disturbance of animals during operations. To address this knowledge gap, we conducted a series of UAS flights at gray seal breeding colonies on Hay and Saddle Islands in Nova Scotia, Canada. Using a small fixed-wing UAS, we assessed both immediate and short-term effects of surveys using sequential image analysis and between-flight seal counts in ten, 50 m2 random quadrats at each colony. Counts of adult gray seals and young-of-the-year animals between first and second flights revealed no changes in abundance in quadrats (matched pair t-test p > 0.69) and slopes approaching 1 for linear regression comparisons (r2 > 0.80). Sequential image analysis revealed no changes in orientation or posture of imaged animals. We also assessed the acoustic properties of the small UAS in relation to low ambient noise conditions using sound equivalent level (Leq) measurements with a calibrated U-MIK 1 and a 1/3 octave band soundscape approach. The results of Leq measurements indicate that small fixed-wing UAS are quiet, with most energy above 160 Hz, and that levels across 1/3 octave bands do not greatly exceed ambient acoustic measurements in a quiet field during operations at standard survey altitudes. As such, this platform is unlikely to acoustically disturb gray seals at breeding colonies during population surveys. The results of the present study indicate that the effects of small fixed-wing UAS on gray seals at breeding colonies are negligible, and that fixed-wing UAS-based approaches should be considered amongst best practices for assessing gray seal colonies.
Gastrointestinal Angiodysplasia Resolution After Transcatheter Aortic Valve Implantation
Authors: Goltstein Lia C. M. J. , Rooijakkers Maxim J. P. , Thierens Naomi D. E. , Schoormans Selene C. M. , van Herwaarden Antonius E. , Beaumont Hanneke , Houdeville Charles , Hoeks Marlijn P. A. , van Geenen Erwin-Jan M. , Rijpma Sanna R. , Dray Xavier , van Royen Niels , Drenth Joost P. H. 
Published: October 2024

ImportanceHeyde syndrome is the cooccurrence of aortic stenosis and gastrointestinal bleeding secondary to vascular lesions, including angiodysplasias. Several studies have demonstrated cessation of gastrointestinal bleeding after transcatheter aortic valve implantation (TAVI), but the etiology and effects on vascular lesions are largely unknown.ObjectiveTo examine the associations of TAVI with gastrointestinal vascular lesions and identify factors associated with recovery among patients with iron deficiency anemia and severe aortic stenosis.Design, Setting, and ParticipantsIn this prospective, single-center cohort study, patients with iron deficiency anemia on the TAVI waiting list from September 2020 to February 2022 were assessed by capsule endoscopy. Those with vascular lesions were reassessed 6 months after TAVI. Endoscopic images were anonymized and evaluated by 2 independent researchers. Data were analyzed from September 2022 to August 2024.ExposureTAVI.Main Outcomes and MeasuresThe primary outcome was the mean difference in the number of vascular lesions before vs after TAVI.ResultsA total of 24 patients (mean [SD] age, 77.4 [7.1] years; 18 [75.0%] male) underwent capsule endoscopy, and vascular lesions were present in 18 patients (75.0%). TAVI was performed in 15 of 18 patients with vascular lesions, of whom 11 agreed to a second capsule endoscopy. The mean (SD) number of vascular lesions across the gastrointestinal tract decreased from 6.4 (5.6) lesions before TAVI to 2.0 (2.1) lesions 6 months after TAVI (P = .04). The number of vascular lesions decreased in 9 of 11 patients (81.8%), including 6 patients (54.5%) who no longer had typical angiodysplasias. Resolution of angiodysplasias was less frequent in patients who had multiple valvular heart disease before TAVI (0 of 3 patients) vs those without multiple valvular heart disease (6 of 8 patients [75.0%]) and in patients with significant paravalvular leakage after TAVI (2 of 5 patients [40.0%]) vs those without significant leakage (4 of 6 patients [66.7%]).Conclusions and RelevanceIn this cohort study of 24 patients with iron deficiency anemia and severe aortic stenosis, angiodysplasias were present in 75.0% of patients. TAVI was associated with reduced size and number of angiodysplasias in these patients. These findings suggest that TAVI not only improves aortic stenosis but may also reduce gastrointestinal bleeding by resolving vascular lesions, offering a dual benefit for patients with Heyde syndrome.
Molecular Engineering of Xanthene Dyes with 3D Multimodal‐Imaging Ability to Guide Photothermal Therapy
Authors: Zhang Li‐Na , Ran Xiao‐Yun , Zhang Hong , Zhao Yu , Zhou Qian , Chen Shan‐Yong , Yang Cheng , Yu Xiao‐Qi , Li Kun 
Published: October 2024

AbstractPhototheranostics integrates light‐based diagnostic techniques with therapeutic interventions, offering a non‐invasive, precise, and swift approach for both disease detection and treatment. The efficacy of this approach hinges on the multimodal imaging potential and photothermal conversion efficiency (PCE) of phototheranostic agents (PTAs). Despite the promise, crafting multifunctional phototheranostic organic small molecules brims with challenges. In this research, four innovative xanthene‐derived PTAs are synthesized by fine‐tuning the donor‐π‐acceptor (D‐π‐A) system to strike a balance between radiative and nonradiative decay. The inherent robust photostability and intense fluorescence of the traditional xanthene core are preserved, meanwhile the addition of highly electron‐withdrawing groups boosts the non‐radiative decay rate to enhance PCE and photoacoustic imaging capabilities. Remarkably, one of the PTAs, DMBA, demonstrates an exceptional absolute fluorescence quantum yield of 2.46% in PBS, and when encapsulated into nanoparticles, it achieves a high PCE of 79.5%. Consequently, DMBA nanoparticles (DMBA‐NPs) are effectively employed in fluorescence, 3D photoacoustic, and photothermal imaging‐guiding tumor photothermal therapy. This represents the first instance of a multimodal phototheranostic xanthene agent achieving synergistic fluorescence and photoacoustic imaging for diagnostic purposes. Furthermore, this work paves the way for leveraging xanthene fluorophores as versatile tools in the development of multifunctional reagents.
Omics‐Enhanced Nanomedicine for Cancer Therapy
Authors: Qi Lin , Li Zhihong , Liu Jianping , Chen Xiaoyuan 
Published: October 2024

AbstractCancer nanomedicine has emerged as a promising approach to overcome the limitations of conventional cancer therapies, offering enhanced efficacy and safety in cancer management. However, the inherent heterogeneity of tumors presents increasing challenges for the application of cancer nanomedicine in both diagnosis and treatment. This heterogeneity necessitates the integration of advanced and high‐throughput analytical techniques to tailor nanomedicine strategies to individual tumor profiles. Omics technologies, encompassing genomics, epigenomics, transcriptomics, proteomics, metabolomics, and more, provide unparalleled insights into the molecular and cellular mechanisms underlying cancer. By dissecting tumor heterogeneity across multiple levels, these technologies offer robust support for the development of personalized and precise cancer nanomedicine strategies. In this review, the principles, techniques, and applications of key omics technologies are summarized. Especially, the synergistic integration of omics and nanomedicine in cancer therapy is explored, focusing on enhanced diagnostic accuracy, optimized therapeutic strategies and the assessment of nanomedicine‐mediated biological responses. Moreover, this review addresses current challenges and outlines future directions in the field of omics‐enhanced nanomedicine. By offering valuable insights and guidance, this review aims to advance the integration of omics with nanomedicine, ultimately driving improved diagnostic and therapeutic strategies for cancer.
Reversible Configurations of 3‐Coordinate and 4‐Coordinate Boron Stabilize Ultrahigh‐Ni Cathodes with Superior Cycling Stability for Practical Li‐Ion Batteries
Authors: Yu Haifeng , Cheng Jin , Zhu Huawei , Chen Ling , Lian Cheng , Hu Yanjie , Liu Honglai , Jiang Hao , Li Chunzhong 
Published: October 2024

AbstractUltrahigh‐Ni layered oxide cathodes are the leading candidate for next‐generation high‐energy Li‐ion batteries owing to their cost‐effectiveness and ultrahigh capacity. However, the increased Ni content causes larger volume variations and worse lattice oxygen stability during cycling, resulting in capacity attenuation and kinetics hysteresis. Herein, a Li2SiO3‐coated Li(Ni0.95Co0.04Mn0.01)0.99B0.01O2 ultrahigh‐Ni cathode that well‐addresses all the above issues, which is also the first time to realize the real doping of B ions is demonstrated. The as‐obtained cathode delivers a reversible capacity of up to 237.4 mAh g−1 (924 Wh kg−1cathode) and a superior capacity retention of 84.2% after 500 cycles at 1C in pouch‐type full‐cells. Advanced characterizations and calculations verify that the boron‐doping is existed in terms of 3‐coordinate and 4‐coordinate configurations and their high electrochemical reversibility during de‐/lithiation, which greatly stabilizes oxygen anions and impedes Ni‐ion migration to Li layer. Furthermore, the B‐doping engineers the primary particle microstructure for better relaxing the lattice strain and accelerating Li‐ion diffusion. This work advances the energy density of cathode materials into the domain of above 900 Wh kg−1, and the concept will inspire more intensive study on ultrahigh‐Ni cathodes.
The landscape genetics of a mass‐flowering fire‐ephemeral plant
Authors: Jordan Mira , Bragg Jason , Ooi Mark , van der Merwe Marlien , Rossetto Maurizio , Cornwell Will 
Published: October 2024

AbstractPremiseObligate fire ephemerals are annual plants that have germination and reproduction cued by fire occurrence, persisting between fire events in a long‐lived soil seed bank. Within these species, gene flow is restricted not only geographically but also temporally because individuals are limited to reproducing with others affected by the same fire event. The patchwork‐like distribution of fires may therefore promote population isolation. In contrast to past fires, the Australian fires of 2019–2020 were of unprecedented extent, providing an opportunity to investigate the landscape genetics of a fire ephemeral, Actinotus forsythii, across multiple populations and to compare it to a common congener, Actinotus helianthi.MethodsFor both species, we used single nucleotide polymorphisms to infer patterns of population structure and calculate measures of genetic diversity. We also estimated a phylogeny of Actinotus forsythii to understand the differentiation of a geographically isolated population.ResultsFor A. forsythii, the within‐population diversity (allelic richness = 1.56) was greater, and the among‐population differentiation (FST = 0.30) was lower than that observed for A. helianthi (allelic richness = 1.33, FST = 0.57). Actinotus forsythii had distinct geographic groupings, and a geographically isolated population of this species was genetically highly differentiated.ConclusionsDespite the fire‐dependent, asynchronous gene flow, predicted between site disconnect, and possible within‐site homogeneity, our results suggest that burn mosaic could be influencing gene flow patterns and fire‐triggered mass flowering may promote genetic diversity within Actinotus forsythii.
ARSA Variant Associated With Late Infantile Metachromatic Leukodystrophy and Carrier Rate in Individuals of Ashkenazi Jewish Ancestry
Authors: Rabin Rachel , Hirsch Yoel , Booth Kevin T. A. , Hall Patricia L. , Yachelevich Naomi , Mistry Pramod K. , Ekstein Josef , Pappas John 
Published: October 2024

ABSTRACTMetachromatic leukodystrophy (MLD) is a rare neurodegenerative lysosomal storage disease resulting from bi‐allelic pathogenic variants in the ARSA gene. MLD is distinguished clinically based on the age of onset into late‐infantile, juvenile, and adult. The late‐infantile type is the most severe phenotype presenting with hypotonia, weakness, gait abnormalities, which progresses to mental and physical decline leading to early death. MLD is considered to be pan‐ethnic and no founder variants have previously been described in the Ashkenazi Jewish population. We identified three unrelated individuals of Ashkenazi Jewish descent with homozygosity or compound heterozygosity for the c.178C>T (p.Arg60Trp) variant in the ARSA gene, with a phenotype consistent with late‐infantile MLD. The carrier frequency was calculated among 93,293 individuals of Ashkenazi Jewish descent through the Dor Yeshorim screening program and found to have a carrier frequency on 1 in 1554 or 0.06%, which may be representative of a founder variant. Molecular protein modeling showed that the variant affects regional folding. Late‐infantile MLD should be considered when the c.178C>T (p.Arg60Trp) variant in the ARSA gene is present in either the homozygous or the compound heterozygous states.
Ambient particulate matter and frequency of outpatient visits for chronic rhinosinusitis in the United States
Authors: Yang Hong‐Ho , Grimm David , Velasquez Esther , Hwang Peter H. 
Published: October 2024

AbstractBackgroundEmerging evidence has underscored the harmful effects of air pollution on the upper airway. We investigated the relationship between ambient particulate matter (PM) level and the frequency of outpatient visits for chronic rhinosinusitis (CRS).MethodsWe conducted an ecological cohort study of US adults enrolled in The Merative MarketScan outpatient database from 2007 to 2020. For each geographical subunit (core‐based statistical area [CBSA]), we calculated the annual rate of CRS‐related outpatient visits per 1000 well‐patient checkup visits (CRS‐OV). Using data from the Environmental Protection Agency's Air Quality System, we mapped the rolling statistical average of daily PM2.5 and PM10 over the preceding year onto each CBSA × year combination. We employed multivariable negative binomial regression modeling to estimate the association between PM levels and subsequent CRS‐OV.ResultsAcross 3933 observations (CBSA × year combinations), encompassing ∼4 billion visits, the median CRS‐OV was 164 (interquartile range 110–267). The mean PM2.5 level was 8.9 µg/m3 (SD 2.6) and the mean PM10 level was 20.2 µg/m3 (SD 7.2). Adjusting for patient demographics and respiratory comorbidities, a compounded rise in subsequent CRS‐OV was observed with increasing PM levels. Each µg/m3 rise in PM2.5 independently predicted a 10% increase in CRS‐OV (adjusted incidence rate ratio [aIRR]) 1.10, 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.08–1.13) and each µg/m3 rise in PM10 independently predicted a 3% increase in CRS‐OV (aIRR 1.03, 95% CI 1.02–1.04).ConclusionElevated ambient PM2.5 and PM10 levels are associated with a subsequent compounded increase in the frequency of CRS‐OV, with PM2.5 predicting a more pronounced rise compared to PM10.
Hydroaminoalkylation for Amine Functionalization of Vinyl‐Terminated Polyethylene Enables Direct Access to Responsive Functional Materials
Authors: Ataie Saeed , Malmir Amir , Scott Sabrina S. , Goettel James T. , Clemens Steven N. , Morrison Darryl J. , Mackie Cyrus , Heyne Belinda , Hatzikiriakos Savvas G. , Schafer Laurel L. 
Published: October 2024

AbstractWhile functionalized polyethylenes (PEs) exhibit valuable characteristics, the constraints of existing synthetic approaches limit the variety of readily incorporated functionality. New methods to generate functionalized PEs are required to afford new applications of this common material. We report 100 % atom economic tantalum‐catalyzed hydroaminoalkylation of vinyl‐terminated polyethylene (VTPE) as a method to produce amine‐terminated PE. VTPEs with molecular weights between 2200–16800 g/mol are successfully aminated using solvent‐free conditions. Our catalytic system is efficient for the installation of both aromatic and aliphatic amines, and can be carried out on multigram scale. The associating amine functional groups afford modified material properties, as measured by water contact angle, differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) and polymer rheology. The basic amine functionality offers the opportunity to convert inert PE into stimuli‐responsive materials, such that the protonation of aminated PE affords the generation of functional antibacterial PE films.
Absorption and fluorescence profiles of biodiesel blends from Acrocomia aculeata kernel and pulp oils: Optical responses of α‐tocopherol and β‐carotene under thermal degradation
Authors: Passos Wilson Espíndola , Segovia Maydla Vasconcelo Adriano , Lescano Caroline Honaiser , de Pires de Oliveira Ivan , Caires Anderson Rodrigues Lima , Muzzi Rozanna Marques 
Published: October 2024

AbstractThe search for new, more sustainable, and ecologically safe sources of energy has encouraged studies involving the production of biofuels from non‐petroleum origin. Among the options for new energy sources, biodiesel is an important substitute for polluting fuels, with several cleaner and greener oils being suggested, especially new plant resources. This field evolved significantly in the last decades, and new raw materials for biodiesel production are welcome for new advances. In this vein, a potential source for biodiesel production is explored here, that is, two distinct biodiesels produced from different parts of the Acrocomia aculeata fruits—pulp and kernel. Results showed that biodiesel from pulp had an induction period of 12.77 h, ~3× higher than biodiesel from kernel, 3.96 h; iodine values in biodiesel pulp were ~7.5× higher than the kernel, 82 and 11 g I2/100 g, respectively. These results are due to the profile of different antioxidants in these biodiesels and unsaturations in the fatty acids carbon chains. The degradation behavior of these biodiesels was monitored by the acid value via the traditional titration method, attesting the blend oxidation until 48 h of thermal degradation. In parallel, UV–Vis absorbances and fluorescence compared pure biodiesels and its blends with β‐carotene and α‐tocopherol standards. The wavelength at 445 nm was efficient in monitoring the degradation of blends rich in β‐carotene—B25, B50, B75, B100. Primary and secondary compounds produced in the oxidative process were monitored at 230 and 270 nm, respectively, showing the pulp biodiesel antioxidant effect on the kernel one. Additionally, from the fluorescence contour map, it was possible to analyze regions of excitation/emission capable of monitoring the degradation process of the blends, found 415 nm, similar to expected for kernel and pulp oils described in the literature. Thus, the study provides information about changes in the optical profiles of biodiesel naturally rich in tocopherol and carotenoid antioxidants, encouraging the development of analytical methods based on absorption and fluorescence spectroscopies for this important resource of vegetable oils.