bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Placenta Accreta: A Spectrum of Predictable Risk, Diagnosis, and Morbidity
Authors: Duzyj Christina M. , Cooper Anne , Mhatre Mohak , Han Christina S. , Paidas Michael J. , Illuzzi Jessica L. , Sfakianaki Anna K. 
Published: November 2018

Objective Placenta accreta is a feared pathology, in part, because prenatal diagnosis is imperfect. It is not known whether clinical risk factors or sonographic features equally predict the entire graded pathological spectrum of placental overinvasion disease nor whether clinical outcomes differ along the spectrum.
Study Design We conducted a mixed methods retrospective study of a cohort of women screened sonographically for placenta accreta, cross-referenced against cases identified by pathological diagnosis (N = 416). Demographic, diagnostic, and outcome information were compared across the spectrum of invasive placentation: percreta, increta, accreta, and focal accreta not requiring hysterectomy. The t-test, chi-square, Mann–Whitney, and Kruskal–Wallis tests were used for statistical analysis across groups.
Results As the depth of invasion decreased, risk factors for placental overinvasion were less common, especially placenta previa and previous cesarean. There was also reduced anticipation by sonographic examination of the placenta. Rates of adverse outcomes were lower among women with focal accreta compared with those with deeper invasion.
Conclusion As the depth of invasion decreases, clinical risk factors and sonographic evaluation are less reliable in the antenatal prediction of placenta accreta. The potential for unanticipated morbidity underscores the need for improved diagnostic tools for placenta accreta spectrum.
Interdelivery Interval and Diabetes Mellitus in a Subsequent Pregnancy
Authors: Dude Annie M. , Battarbee Ashley , Yee Lynn M. 
Published: November 2018

Objective We determined whether time between deliveries is associated with developing diabetes at the time of a subsequent delivery.
Study Design This is a case–control study of women who had two consecutive singleton births at the same institution with no pregestational diabetes in the baseline pregnancy. Cases were defined as women who were diagnosed with any type of diabetes at the time of the subsequent delivery. Controls were defined as women who had no diagnosis of diabetes at the time of the subsequent delivery. Interdelivery interval (IDI) was categorized as < 18, 18 to 60, or > 60 months.
Results Of 12,263 women, 4.1% (N = 501) were diagnosed with diabetes at the subsequent delivery. Women with diabetes were more likely to have an IDI of >60 months than women without diabetes (9.0 vs. 4.2%, p < 0.001). After controlling for confounding factors, an IDI > 60 months remained associated with development of pregestational or gestational diabetes by the conclusion of the subsequent pregnancy (adjusted odds ratio = 2.13 compared with an IDI of 18–60 months, 95% confidence interval 1.44–3.15).
Conclusion A longer IDI is an independent risk factor for the development of diabetes at the time of a subsequent delivery.
Difference in Outcome Following Surgery for Native Aortic and Mitral Valve Infective Endocarditis
Authors: Kaartama Tuukka , Nozohoor Shahab , Johansson Malin , Sjögren Johan , Timane Pedro , Ragnarsson Sigurdur 
Published: November 2018

Background We investigated differences in clinical presentation, microbiology, and short- and long-term results according to the affected valve in patients who underwent surgery for left-sided native valve infective endocarditis (IE).
Methods This was a single-center retrospective study of 117 patients with isolated mitral valve IE (group M) and 140 patients with isolated aortic valve IE (group A) who underwent surgery between 1998 and 2015.
Results The mean age of patients in group M was 62 ± 14 years, whereas in group A the patients were 56 ± 14 years old (p = 0.001). There were 61 females (52% of patients) in group M and 31 females (22% of patients) in group A (p < 0.001). Abscesses were more common in group A than in group B. Staphylococcus aureus was more frequent in group M (47%, n = 55) than in group A (21%, n = 30; p < 0.001). The length of time from symptom onset to surgery was longer in group A than in group M, but the time from diagnosis to surgery was shorter in group A than in group M. Ninety-day mortality was similar in group M and group A in patients operated within 48 hours after diagnosis, but in patients who were operated more than 48 hours after diagnosis the 90-day mortality was 15% in group M and 3% in group A (p = 0.006).
Conclusion There were considerable differences in preoperative characteristics, microbiology, timing of surgery, and outcomes between patients who underwent surgery for isolated aortic valve IE and those who were operated for isolated mitral valve IE.
Political Shades of ‘we’: sociotropic uncertainty and multiple political identification in Europe
Authors: Steenvoorden Eefje H. , Wright Matthew 
Published: November 2018

ABSTRACT
Identity complexity in the sense of people holding multiple, concurrent affiliations, is taken for granted in modern societies. Yet we know very little about what factors stimulate or instead mitigate identification with multiple political communities. It is usually assumed to go hand-in-hand with globalization and other macro-level trends, but empirical research on this issue is scarce. In this article, we examine how sociotropic uncertainty mitigates multiple political identification. We investigate multiple identification with respect to three political communities: the city, the country and the EU. We show, using Eurobarometer data from 25 EU countries, that political distrust, negative economic expectations and societal pessimism all lead individuals to identify with less political communities concurrently. The implication is that the kinds of multiple, cross-cutting identities often invoked by theorists of globalization are hindered by uncertainty and pessimism about the enterprise.
On-site comparison of Quantum Hall Effect resistance standards of the NRC-CNRC and the BIPM: ongoing key comparison BIPM.EM-K12
Authors: Gournay Pierre , Rolland Benjamin , Sanchez Carlos 
Published: November 2018

The ongoing on-site comparison BIPM.EM-K12 is part of the BIPM programme implemented to verify the international coherence of the primary resistance standards. It allows National Metrology Institutes (NMIs) to validate their implementations of the Quantum Hall Effect (QHE) for dc resistance traceability by comparison to the reference maintained at the BIPM.
In this comparison, the realization of the ohm from the QHE-based standard of the NMIs at 100 Ω is compared with that realized by the BIPM from its own transportable quantum Hall resistance standard. This comparison is completed by scaling measurements from 100 Ω to 1 Ω and 10 kΩ through the measurement of the resistance ratios 100 Ω/1 Ω and 10 kΩ/100 Ω, respectively.
In June 2018 a new BIPM.EM-K12 on-site comparison was carried out at the National Research Council Canada (NRC-CNRC). It was the first time the NRC-CNRC participated in this comparison program.
Measurements of the 100 Ω transfer standard in terms of the conventional value of the von Klitzing constant, RK-90, agreed to 5 parts in 1010 with a relative combined standard uncertainty u
c = 23 × 10-10. Measurements of 10 kΩ/100 Ω and 100 Ω/1 Ω ratios agreed to 13 parts in 1010 with u
c = 21 × 10-10 and to 1 part in 1010 with u
c = 40 × 10-10, respectively.
KEY WORDS FOR SEARCH
Quantum Hall Effect, key comparison, resistance standard, resistance ratio

Main text

To reach the main text of this paper, click on Final Report. Note that this text is that which appears in Appendix B of the BIPM key comparison database kcdb.bipm.org/.
The final report has been peer-reviewed and approved for publication by the CCEM, according to the provisions of the CIPM Mutual Recognition Arrangement (CIPM MRA).
When Office Blood Pressure Is Not Enough: The Case of Masked Hypertension
Authors: Cuspidi Cesare , Sala Carla , Tadic Marijana , Grassi Guido 
Published: November 2018

Abstract
An increasing attention has been devoted in the last two decades to masked hypertension (MH), a condition characterized by the fact that classification of a normal blood pressure (BP) status by office measurements is not confirmed by home and/or ambulatory BP monitoring (ABPM). MH definition (i.e., normal office BP, but high out-of-office BP) should be restricted to untreated subjects (true MH) whereas masked uncontrolled hypertension (MUCH) reserved to treated patients previously classified as hypertensives, presenting normal office BP and high ABPM or home values. Both MH and MUCH are associated with metabolic alterations, comorbidities, and hypertension-mediated organ damage (HMOD). Furthermore, the risk of cardiovascular events related to these conditions has been shown to be close or greater than that of sustained hypertension. This review discusses available evidence about MH and MUCH by focusing on its prevalence, clinical correlates, association with HMOD, prognostic significance, and their therapeutic implications.
From a cosmic fine-tuner to a perfect being
Authors: Mooney Justin 
Published: November 2018

Abstract
Byerly has proposed a novel solution to the gap problem for cosmological arguments. I contend that his strategy can be used to strengthen a wide range of other theistic arguments as well, and also to stitch them together into a cumulative case for theism. I illustrate these points by applying Byerly’s idea about cosmological arguments to teleological arguments.
Structure-based prediction of post-translational modification cross-talk within proteins using complementary residue- and residue pair-based features
Authors: Liu Hui-Fang , Liu Rong 
Published: November 2018

Abstract
Post-translational modification (PTM)-based regulation can be mediated not only by the modification of a single residue but also by the interplay of different modifications. Accurate prediction of PTM cross-talk is a highly challenging issue and is in its infant stage. Especially, less attention has been paid to the structural preferences (except intrinsic disorder and spatial proximity) of cross-talk pairs and the characteristics of individual residues involved in cross-talk, which may restrict the improvement of the prediction accuracy. Here we report a structure-based algorithm called PCTpred to improve the PTM cross-talk prediction. The comprehensive residue- and residue pair-based features were designed for paired PTM sites at the sequence and structural levels. Through feature selection, we reserved 23 newly introduced descriptors and 3 traditional descriptors to develop a sequence-based predictor PCTseq and a structure-based predictor PCTstr, both of which were integrated to construct our final prediction model. According to pair- and protein-based evaluations, PCTpred yielded area under the curve values of approximately 0.9 and 0.8, respectively. Even when removing the distance preference of samples or using the input of modeled structures, our prediction performance was maintained or moderately reduced. PCTpred displayed stable and reliable improvements over the state-of-the-art methods based on various evaluations. The source code and data set are freely available at https://github.com/Liulab-HZAU/PCTpred or http://liulab.hzau.edu.cn/PCTpred/.
Empirical comparison and analysis of web-based cell-penetrating peptide prediction tools
Authors: Su Ran , Hu Jie , Zou Quan , Manavalan Balachandran , Wei Leyi 
Published: November 2018

Abstract
Cell-penetrating peptides (CPPs) facilitate the delivery of therapeutically relevant molecules, including DNA, proteins and oligonucleotides, into cells both in vitro and in vivo. This unique ability explores the possibility of CPPs as therapeutic delivery and its potential applications in clinical therapy. Over the last few decades, a number of machine learning (ML)-based prediction tools have been developed, and some of them are freely available as web portals. However, the predictions produced by various tools are difficult to quantify and compare. In particular, there is no systematic comparison of the web-based prediction tools in performance, especially in practical applications. In this work, we provide a comprehensive review on the biological importance of CPPs, CPP database and existing ML-based methods for CPP prediction. To evaluate current prediction tools, we conducted a comparative study and analyzed a total of 12 models from 6 publicly available CPP prediction tools on 2 benchmark validation sets of CPPs and non-CPPs. Our benchmarking results demonstrated that a model from the KELM-CPPpred, namely KELM-hybrid-AAC, showed a significant improvement in overall performance, when compared to the other 11 prediction models. Moreover, through a length-dependency analysis, we find that existing prediction tools tend to more accurately predict CPPs and non-CPPs with the length of 20–25 residues long than peptides in other length ranges.
GWASpro: a high-performance genome-wide association analysis server
Authors: Kim Bongsong , Dai Xinbin , Zhang Wenchao , Zhuang Zhaohong , Sanchez Darlene L , Lübberstedt Thomas , Kang Yun , Udvardi Michael K , Beavis William D , Xu Shizhong , Zhao Patrick X 
Published: November 2018

Abstract

Summary
We present GWASpro, a high-performance web server for the analyses of large-scale genome-wide association studies (GWAS). GWASpro was developed to provide data analyses for large-scale molecular genetic data, coupled with complex replicated experimental designs such as found in plant science investigations and to overcome the steep learning curves of existing GWAS software tools. GWASpro supports building complex design matrices, by which complex experimental designs that may include replications, treatments, locations and times, can be accounted for in the linear mixed model. GWASpro is optimized to handle GWAS data that may consist of up to 10 million markers and 10 000 samples from replicable lines or hybrids. GWASpro provides an interface that significantly reduces the learning curve for new GWAS investigators.

Availability and implementation
GWASpro is freely available at https://bioinfo.noble.org/GWASPRO.

Supplementary information
Supplementary data are available at Bioinformatics online.
An evaluation of a multifaceted, local Quality Improvement Framework for long-term conditions in UK primary care
Authors: Gabel Frank , Chambers Ruth , Cox Tracey , Listl Stefan , Maskrey Neal 
Published: November 2018

Abstract

Background
The evidence that large pay-for-performance schemes improve the health of populations is mixed—evidence regarding locally implemented schemes is limited.

Objective
This study evaluates the effects in Stoke-on-Trent of a local, multifaceted Quality Improvement Framework including pay for performance in general practice introduced in 2009 in the context of the national Quality and Outcomes Framework that operated from 2004.

Methods
We compared age-standardized mortality data from all 326 local authorities in England with the rates in Stoke-on-Trent using Difference-in-Differences, estimating a fixed-effects linear regression model with an interaction effect.

Results
In addition to the existing downward trend in cardiovascular deaths, we find an additional annual reduction of 36 deaths compared with the national mean for coronary heart disease and 13 deaths per 100000 from stroke in Stoke-on-Trent. Compared with the national mean, there was an additional reduction of 9 deaths per 100000 people per annum for coronary heart disease and 14 deaths per 100000 people per annum for stroke following the introduction of the 2009 Stoke-on-Trent Quality Improvement Framework.

Conclusion
There are concerns about the unintended consequences of large pay-for-performance schemes in health care, but in a population with a high prevalence of disease, they may at least initially be beneficial. This study also provides evidence that a local, additional scheme may further improve the health of populations. Such schemes, whether national or local, require periodic review to evaluate the balance of their benefits and risks.
Brexit’s Shades of Green—(Missing) the Opportunity to Transform Farming in England?
Authors: Howe Helena R , Ross Malcolm 
Published: November 2018

Abstract
The UK Government’s ‘green Brexit’ includes fundamental reform of agriculture. We use resilience thinking to examine the complex relationship between farming policy and environmental sustainability. Farming is a social ecological system that will be disturbed by leaving the EU’s Common Agricultural Policy. Reforms could reinforce persistence of the status quo or shape transformation to ‘better’ sustainability. We argue Brexit is a once-in-a-generation opportunity for the hegemony of sustainable intensification to be challenged by enhanced agroecological farming practices. The interdependency of social and ecological factors is a critical threshold for transformative change, which we explore through three key sites of struggle: farmers’ cultural identity, connection to land, and security. We suggest transformative law and governance measures built upon Wild Law jurisprudence and resilience principles of diversity, scale, flexibility, relationality, education and participatory decision-making. We conclude that the Government’s approach falls short of the transformation needed for a resilient, sustainable farming system.
Association of Estrogen Receptor Alpha Expression With Survival in Oropharyngeal Cancer Following Chemoradiation Therapy
Authors: Koenigs Maria B , Lefranc-Torres Armida , Bonilla-Velez Juliana , Patel Krupal B , Hayes D Neil , Glomski Krzysztof , Busse Paul M , Chan Annie W , Clark John R , Deschler Daniel G , Emerick Kevin S , Hammon Rebecca J , Wirth Lori J , Lin Derrick T , Mroz Edmund A , Faquin William C , Rocco James W 
Published: November 2018

Abstract

Background
Oropharyngeal squamous carcinoma (OPSC) continues to increase in incidence secondary to human papillomavirus (HPV) infection. Despite the good overall prognosis for these patients, treatment with chemoradiation is associated with morbidity and treatment failure. Better predictors for disease outcome are needed to guide de-intensification regimens. We hypothesized that estrogen receptor α (ERα), a prognostic biomarker in oncology with therapeutic implications, might have similar utility in OPSC.

Methods
To investigate associations among ERα and demographics, HPV status, and survival, we analyzed ERα mRNA expression of head and neck squamous carcinomas (HNSC) from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) and immunohistochemistry (IHC) of pretreatment biopsy specimens from an independent group of 215 OPSC patients subsequently treated with primary chemoradiation (OPSC-CR). Associations among variables were evaluated with Fisher exact tests and logistic regression; associations with survival were evaluated with log-rank tests and Cox proportional hazards regression.

Results
Among 515 patients in TCGA, ERα mRNA expression was highest in HPV-positive OPSC. High ERα mRNA expression was associated with improved survival among those receiving chemoradiation (hazard ratio adjusted for HPV status = 0.44, 95% confidence interval = 0.21 to 0.92). In OPSC-CR, ERα was positive by IHC in 51.6% of tumors and was associated with improved overall, disease-specific, progression-free, and relapse-free survival (log-rank tests: P < .001, P < .001, P = .002, P = .003, respectively); statistically significant associations of ERα positivity with improved survival were maintained after adjusting for clinical risk factors including HPV status.

Conclusion
In two independent cohorts, ERα is a potential biomarker for improved survival that also may represent a therapeutic target in OPSC.
Noninvasive, Targeted Creation of Neuromyelitis Optica Pathology in AQP4-IgG Seropositive Rats by Pulsed Focused Ultrasound
Authors: Yao Xiaoming , Adams Matthew S , Jones Peter D , Diederich Chris J , Verkman Alan S 
Published: November 2018

Abstract
Neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorders (herein called NMO) is an autoimmune disease of the CNS characterized by astrocyte injury, inflammation, and demyelination. In seropositive NMO, immunoglobulin G autoantibodies against aquaporin-4 (AQP4-IgG) cause primary astrocyte injury. A passive transfer model of NMO was developed in which spatially targeted access of AQP4-IgG into the CNS of seropositive rats was accomplished by pulsed focused ultrasound through intact skin. Following intravenous administration of microbubbles, pulsed ultrasound at 0.5 MPa peak acoustic pressure was applied using a 1 MHz transducer with 6-cm focal length. In brain, the transient opening of the blood-brain barrier (BBB) in an approximately prolate ellipsoidal volume of diameter ∼3.5 mm and length ∼44 mm allowed entry of IgG-size molecules for up to 3–6 hours. The ultrasound treatment did not cause erythrocyte extravasation or inflammation. Ultrasound treatment in AQP4-IgG seropositive rats produced localized NMO pathology in brain, with characteristic astrocyte injury, inflammation, and demyelination after 5 days. Pathology was not seen when complement was inhibited, when non-NMO human IgG was administered instead of AQP4-IgG, or in AQP4-IgG seropositive AQP4 knockout rats. NMO pathology was similarly created in cervical spinal cord in seropositive rats. These results establish a noninvasive, spatially targeted model of NMO in rats, and demonstrate that BBB permeabilization, without underlying injury or inflammation, is sufficient to create NMO pathology in AQP4-IgG seropositive rats.
MGMT: Immunohistochemical Detection in High-Grade Astrocytomas
Authors: Lipp Eric S , Healy Patrick , Austin Alan , Clark Alysha , Dalton Tara , Perkinson Kathryn , Herndon James E , Friedman Henry S , Friedman Allan H , Bigner Darell D , McLendon Roger E 
Published: November 2018

AbstractGlioma therapeutic resistance to alkylating chemotherapy is mediated via O6-methylguanine-DNA methyltransferase (MGMT). We hypothesized that a CD45/HAM56/MGMT double-stained cocktail would improve MGMT discrimination in tumor cells versus inflammatory and endothelial cells (IEC). Total MGMT protein was quantified by IHC on 982 glioblastomas (GBM) and 199 anaplastic astrocytomas. Correcting for IEC was done by a CD45/HAM56/MGMT 2-color cocktail. Lowest IEC infiltrates (IEC “cold spots”) were identified to quantitate MGMT as well as the percentage of IEC% in the IEC cold spots. MGMT promoter methylation (PM) was also determined. Among the GBM biopsies, mean uncorrected and corrected MGMT% were 19.87 (range 0–90) and 16.67; mean IEC% was 18.65 (range 1–80). Four hundred and fifty one (45.9%) GBM biopsies were positive MGMT PM. Both uncorrected and corrected MGMT% positivity correlated with PM. All 3 MGMT scores correlated with overall survival (OS) in GBM’s. Cold spot IEC% was also positively associated with OS. These effects remained in a multivariate model after adjusting for age and disease status. Prognosis determined by correcting MGMT% score for IEC% is not improved in this analysis. However, IEC COLD SPOT score does provide additional prognostic information that can be gained from this correction method.