bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Employee silence and burnout in India: the mediating role of emotional intelligence
Authors: Srivastava Shalini , Jain Ajay K. , Sullivan Sherry 
Published: April 2019

Purpose
Although considerable research has been completed on employee voice, relatively few studies have investigated employee silence. The purpose of this paper is to examine the relationship between employee silence and job burnout as well as the possible mediating role of emotional intelligence (EI) on the silence-burnout relationship.

Design/methodology/approach
This paper reports the findings of an empirical study based upon the survey of 286 managers working in four different states in India. Correlational and mediated regression analyses were performed to test four hypotheses.

Findings
Contrary to findings from studies conducted in Western countries in which employee silence was positively related to undesirable work outcomes, in this study, employee silence was negatively related to job burnout. Additionally, results indicated that the relationship between employee silence and job burnout was mediated by EI. These findings suggest the importance of considering country context and potential mediating variables when investigating employee silence.

Practical implications
This study demonstrates how Indian employees may strategically choose employee silence in order to enhance job outcomes.

Originality/value
This study is one of the few efforts to investigate employee silence in a non-western country. This is first study that has examined the role of EI as a mediating variable of the relationship between employee silence and job burnout in India.
Genetics of a reintroduced swift fox population highlights the need for integrated conservation between neighbouring countries
Authors: Cullingham C. I. , Moehrenschlager A. 
Published: April 2019

AbstractThe genetic consequences of reintroductions are rarely considered after releases cease, but long‐term viability depends on linked demography and genetic health. Reintroductions of swift foxes Vulpes velox began after 45 years of extirpation from Canada; these have resulted in national down‐listing to ‘threatened’ status, and the re‐establishment of a small contiguous population in Montana, US. Demographic growth has been associated with stable levels of genetic diversity and growing effective population size, but evidence of two genetic clusters, and a recent decline in abundance could be cause for conservation concern depending on underlying mechanisms. We analysed individuals from two time points at 18 microsatellite loci to investigate whether the genetic structure is a consequence of having used two separate release sites and non‐equilibrium population dynamics, but our results suggest that the population is likely at mutation‐ and migration‐drift equilibrium. We examined habitat effects on relative gene flow and found limited evidence for cropland to be a dispersal barrier, but effects of terrain roughness suggest that more rugged landscapes may reduce dispersal capacity. Using parentage analysis we determined maximum dispersal distances of up to 50 km for females and 100 km for males including movements in either direction across the international border, but no mixing of genetic clusters was seen in either country. Greater genetic connectivity among than within respective countries necessitates careful co‐management between Canada, where the species has the highest levels of legislative protection, and contiguous areas of the United States where limited trapping for fur is now permitted. We encourage similar analyses of conservation populations across international borders to determine how optimal genetic management can best mesh with different policies and conservation approaches among countries.
The effect of fresh gas flow during induction of anaesthesia on sevoflurane usage: a quality improvement study
Authors: Kennedy R. R. , French R. A. , Vesto G. , Hanrahan J. , Page J. 
Published: April 2019

SummaryReducing fresh gas flow during inhalational anaesthesia results in cost savings and decreases environmental impact. We are interested in the influence of fresh gas flow on the early (induction) phase of overall fresh gas flow and vapour consumption. This stage is often excluded in studies of fresh gas flow. Data were collected from 3199 sevoflurane anaesthetics over an 11‐month period in four operating theatres. We determined fresh gas flow at different stages of anaesthesia, and developed an explanatory model for the influence of the ‘induction’ period. Following a three‐month collection of baseline data we emphasised the importance of the early phase to our department repeatedly over a two‐week period. We explored the relationship between fresh gas flow and total vapour usage, and used a simple mathematical model to explore the effect of changes in the fresh gas flow and duration of the ‘induction’ phase. Mean fresh gas flow was 1.15 l.min−1 in the baseline period and 0.91 l.min−1 in the two months following our educational effort (p = 0.0005). In the following six months, mean fresh gas flow was 1.17 l.min−1 (p = 0.7726 compared with baseline). These results were driven by changes in both fresh gas flow and duration of the initial high‐flow period. We found some correlation (R2 = 0.85) between overall fresh gas flow and vapour consumption; a 1 l.min−1 increase in fresh gas flow consumes an additional 18 ml.hr−1 of liquid sevoflurane. This preliminary study demonstrates that an episode of high fresh gas flow at the start of anaesthesia has a large and modifiable effect on overall fresh gas flow and vapour consumption. We also confirmed the linear relationship between fresh gas flow and vapour usage.
Role of ten‐eleven translocation proteins and 5‐hydroxymethylcytosine in hepatocellular carcinoma
Authors: Wang Penghui , Yan Yunmeng , Yu Wei , Zhang Hongyi 
Published: April 2019

AbstractIn mammals, methylation of the 5th position of cytosine (5mC) seems to be a major epigenetic modification of DNA. This process can be reversed (resulting in cytosine) with high efficiency by dioxygenases of the ten‐eleven translocation (TET) family, which perform oxidation of 5mC to 5‐hydroxymethylcytosine (5hmC), 5‐formylcytosine and 5‐carboxylcytosine. It has been demonstrated that these 5mC oxidation derivatives are in a dynamic state and have pivotal regulatory functions. Here, we comprehensively summarized the recent research progress in the understanding of the physiological functions of the TET proteins and their mechanisms of regulation of DNA methylation and transcription. Among the three TET genes, TET1 and TET2 expression levels have frequently been shown to be low in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) tissues and received most attention. The modulation of TET1 also correlates with microRNAs in a post‐transcriptional regulatory process. Additionally, recent studies revealed that global genomic 5hmC levels are down‐regulated in HCC tissues and cell lines. Combined with the reported results, identification of 5hmC signatures in HCC tissues and in circulating cell‐free DNA will certainly contribute to early detection and should help to design therapeutic strategies against HCC. 5hmC might also be a novel prognostic biomarker of HCC. Thus, a detailed understanding of the molecular mechanisms resulting in the premalignant and aggressive transformation of TET proteins and cells with 5hmC disruption might help to develop novel epigenetic therapies for HCC.
The role of rapid on‐site evaluation on diagnostic accuracy of endoscopic ultrasound fine needle aspiration for pancreatic, submucosal upper gastrointestinal tract and adjacent lesions
Authors: Khoury Tawfik , Kadah Anas , Farraj Moaad , Barhoum Masaad , Livoff Alejandro , Mari Amir , Mahamid Mahmud , Sbeit Wisam 
Published: April 2019

AbstractBackground and AimOur aim was to assess adequacy and diagnostic accuracy of endoscopic ultrasound‐fine needle aspiration (EUS‐FNA) specimens with or without rapid on‐site evaluation (ROSE) from pancreatic, upper gastrointestinal tract (UGIT) and adjacent masses.MethodA retrospective cohort study based on patients’ files who underwent EUS‐FNA in Galilee Medical Center in a 4 years period. Number of needle passes, repeated EUS and ROSE effect on tissue adequacy and diagnostic accuracy were reported.ResultsOne‐hundred sixty‐one patients were included. Ninety‐three patients (57.7%) underwent EUS‐FNA without ROSE (group A) compared to 68 patients (42.3%) with ROSE (group B). The most common location was in the pancreas (55% in group A vs 81% in group B). Addition of ROSE yielded a significantly higher specimen adequacy (65% in group A vs 92.6% in group B (Chi‐Square < 0.0001, OR 6.72, 95% CI 2.45‐18.38). The matching rate (accuracy) between ROSE diagnosis and final histopathological diagnosis was noticed in 61 out of 68 patients (89.7%, 95% CI 0.7993‐0.9576). The Kappa coefficient correlations of matching rate between ROSE and final histopathological diagnosis of all lesion and in pancreatic lesions were 0.7558, (95% CI 0.625‐0.887) and 0.7814, (95% CI 0.639‐0.924), respectively.ConclusionsEUS‐FNA with ROSE significantly improve specimen adequacy and was associated with high diagnostic accuracy.
The influence of data source and species distribution modelling method on spatial conservation priorities
Authors: La Marca William , Elith Jane , Firth Ronald S. C. , Murphy Brett P. , Regan Tracey J. , Woinarski John C. Z. , Nicholson Emily 
Published: April 2019

AbstractAimSpecies distribution models are an important conservation tool; however, performance can vary with factors including data inputs and modelling method. Model outputs are often under‐evaluated for explanatory and predictive capacity. Our aim was to evaluate the capacity of existing data for seven small mammal species to provide useful inferences for management planning.LocationBathurst and Melville (collectively the Tiwi) Islands, Northern Territory, Australia.MethodsWe developed species distribution models (SDMs) with generalized linear models (GLMs) and boosted regression trees (BRTs) using survey data (351 sites) of small mammals, with two sets of environmental predictors: (a) field‐study measurements and (b) available remotely sensed rasters. Predictive capacity of models was evaluated using percentage of deviance explained (%DE) and area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUC). We used Marxan to evaluate the influence of different model and data types as input for identifying spatial priorities.ResultsField‐informed SDMs performed well across both modelling methods, with relatively high test AUC values (mean = 0.82, range = 0.64–0.97) and test %DE (mean = 22.5%, range = 3.5%–65.8%). Remotely sensed models performed relatively poorly, with lower test AUC values (mean = 0.7, range = 0.56–0.86) and lower test %DE (mean = 8.9%, range = 0.03%–24.9%). A notable exception was remotely sensed models forMelomys burtoni(AUC = 0.85 & 0.86, %DE = 23.3% & 24.9%, Bathurst and Melville respectively). Marxan site irreplaceability rankings demonstrated low to marginal agreement using field‐informed and remotely sensed inputs (Pearson correlation coefficient = 0.3), and similarly, using GLM and BRT model inputs (0.29).Main conclusionsThe occurrence of small mammals on the Tiwi Islands can be reasonably explained with field‐informed variables, but not with remotely sensed alternatives. Different models lead to different conservation priorities. Our work emphasizes the importance of thoroughly testing SDMs prior to decision‐making.
‘Cukup for me to be successful in this country’: ‘staying’ among left‐behind young women in Indonesia's migrant‐sending villages
Authors: SOMAIAH BITTIANDRA CHAND , YEOH BRENDA S. A. , ARLINI SILVIA MILA 
Published: April 2019

AbstractBy examining the aspirations of young, rural Indonesian women who, unlike their parents, want to stay behind rather than migrate for work, we look at how these women's experiences of feeling left‐behind affect their quests for alternative futures. Using a household relational lens, we employ the mediating concept of enough (cukup) to analyse the aspirations of young women wishing to remain at home. By focusing on their commitment to inter‐generational continuity and care rather than a lack of choice, we are able to offset the discourses associated with the culture of migration and its accompanying remittance euphoria. Our findings showed three main reasons for their choice. First, these young women pursue remittance‐funded higher education as a counter to parental sacrifice. Second, staying allows them both to provide the hands‐on care they themselves were denied as children and to pursue meaningful local careers. Third, the idea that migration has been ‘enough’ is a rational response to the social risks with which migration confronts a family.
Barriers and challenges faced by women with congenital bleeding disorders in Europe: Results of a patient survey conducted by the European Haemophilia Consortium
Authors: Noone Declan , Skouw‐Rasmussen Naja , Lavin Michelle , van Galen Karin P. M. , Kadir Rezan A. 
Published: April 2019

IntroductionHistorically, issues faced by women with bleeding disorders (WBD) have been underestimated. While advances in genetic testing have resulted in improvements, significant challenges remain in the initial recognition of abnormal bleeding and referral of WBD.MethodsThe European Haemophilia Consortium (EHC) developed a questionnaire for WBD to provide insights into the barriers and challenges faced by WBD in Europe.ResultsIn total, 709 WBD responded to the survey from 32 countries, predominantly from western European countries (94%). A delay in ascertaining the diagnosis of a congenital bleeding disorders (CBD) remains, with a median age at diagnosis of 16 years. The presence of family history is strongly associated with a lower median age at diagnosis of 6 years. WBD reported significant disease impact on their day‐to‐day life, most evident for the rarer CBD. The bleeding symptom of biggest impact on daily life is heavy menstrual bleeding (HMB), reported by 55% of women. Importantly, 25% of WBD reports that their condition severely impacted their decision to have or has prevented them from having children. Respondents registered with Haemophilia Treatment Centres (HTC) are 2.2 times more likely to receive treatment compared to WBD in other hospital services.ConclusionImproved education for both patients and healthcare providers is essential to improve time to diagnosis, access to treatment and psychosocial supports for WBD in Europe.
Clinical characteristics and outcomes of candidates for second‐line therapy, including regorafenib and ramucirumab, for advanced hepatocellular carcinoma after sorafenib treatment
Authors: Kuzuya Teiji , Ishigami Masatoshi , Ito Takanori , Ishizu Yoji , Honda Takashi , Ishikawa Tetsuya , Hirooka Yoshiki , Fujishiro Mitsuhiro 
Published: April 2019

AimThis study aimed to investigate the clinical characteristics and outcomes of candidates for second‐line therapy, including regorafenib and ramucirumab, for advanced hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) after sorafenib treatment.MethodsOf 122 patients, 103 were radiologically confirmed as progressive disease (PD) (sorafenib‐refractory group), and 19 discontinued sorafenib therapy due to adverse events prior to radiologic PD (sorafenib‐intolerant group). Patients in the sorafenib‐refractory group were divided into two subgroups each, according to their eligibility for second‐line treatment (second‐line‐in and ‐out group), regorafenib (RESORCE‐in and ‐out group), or ramucirumab (REACH‐2‐in and ‐out group).ResultsPatients included in the non‐candidate group were those with α‐fetoprotein level <400 ng/mL (n = 51, 49.5%), daily sorafenib dose <400 mg (n = 44, 42.7%), Child–Pugh B or C (n = 40, 38.8%), and Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group performance status score ≥2 (n = 24, 23.3%). The percentages of candidates were 57.3% for second‐line, 35.0% for regorafenib, and 23.3% for ramucirumab. The median post‐progression survival (PPS) was significantly longer for the second‐line‐in and the RESORCE‐in groups than in the non‐candidate groups (12.6 and 11.0 months vs. 3.0 and 6.1 months, respectively). The PPS was not significantly different between the REACH‐2‐in and ‐out groups. A significant predictor of candidates for second‐line treatment at sorafenib initiation was a Child–Pugh score of 5 (A5).ConclusionsNot all patients refractory to sorafenib were candidates for second‐line therapy. A Child–Pugh score of A5 at sorafenib initiation was an important and favorable factor related to eligibility for second‐line therapy and good outcomes.
HIV care cost in England: a cross‐sectional analysis of antiretroviral treatment and the impact of generic introduction
Authors: Ong KJ , van Hoek AJ , Harris RJ , Figueroa J , Waters L , Chau C , Croxford S , Kirwan P , Brown A , Postma MJ , Gill ON , Delpech V 
Published: April 2019

ObjectivesReliable and timely HIV care cost estimates are important for policy option appraisals of HIV treatment and prevention strategies. As HIV clinical management and outcomes have changed, we aimed to update profiles of antiretroviral (ARV) usage pattern, patent/market exclusivity details and management costs in adults (≥ 18 years old) accessing HIV specialist care in England.MethodsThe data reported quarterly to the HIV and AIDS Reporting System in England was used to identify ARV usage pattern, and were combined with British National Formulary (BNF) prices, non‐ARV care costs and patent/market exclusivity information to generate average survival‐adjusted lifetime care costs. The cumulative budget impact from 2018 to the year in which all current ARVs were expected to lose market exclusivity was calculated for a hypothetical 85 000 (± 5000) person cohort, which provided an illustration of potential financial savings afforded by bioequivalent generic switches. Price scenarios explored BNF70 (September 2015) prices and generics at 10/20/30/50% of proprietary prices. The analyses took National Health Service (NHS) England's perspective (as the payer), and results are presented in 2016/2017 British pounds.ResultsBy 2033, most currently available ARVs would lose market exclusivity; that is, generics could be available. Average per person lifetime HIV cost was ~£200 000 (3.5% annual discount) or ~£400 000 (undiscounted), reducing to ~£70 000 (3.5% annual discount; ~£120 000 undiscounted) with the use of generics (assuming that generics cost 10% of proprietary prices). The cumulative budget to cover 85 000 (± 5000) persons for 16 years (2018–2033) was £10.5 (± 0.6) billion, reducing to £3.6 (± 0.2) billion with the use of generics.ConclusionsHIV management costs are high but financial efficiency could be improved by optimizing generic use for treatment and prevention to mitigate the high cost of lifelong HIV treatment. Earlier implementation of generics as they become available offers the potential to maximize the scale of the financial savings.
Second‐pillar pensions in Central and Eastern Europe: Payment constraints and exit options
Authors: Fultz Elaine , Hirose Kenichi 
Published: April 2019

AbstractDuring 1998–2007, a majority of Central and Eastern European (CEE) governments enacted laws obligating workers to save for retirement in privately managed individual accounts. The governments funded these accounts with a portion of public pension revenues, thus creating or increasing deficits in public systems. After the onset of the global financial and economic crisis (2008), most CEE governments reduced these funding diversions and scaled back the accounts. Now, a decade after the crisis, this article examines the benefits that the accounts are beginning to pay retiring workers. In general, these benefits are shown to be disadvantageous compared with public pensions. Some pay lump sums in lieu of regular monthly benefits, most fail to adjust pensions regularly for inflation, and some pay women less than men with equal account balances. In several countries, pensioners with individual accounts receive lower benefits than those without them. To enable retiring workers to avoid these disadvantages, several CEE governments have allowed them to refund their account balances and receive full public pensions. Yet while this strategy diffuses worker dissatisfaction, it also places strains on public pension finance. To assist second‐pillar account holders without weakening public pensions, governments should consider making private pension savings voluntary and financing these schemes independently of public pensions – i.e. by worker and employer contributions and, possibly, direct state support.
Effects of motor skill interventions on fundamental movement skills in children and adolescents with intellectual disabilities: a systematic review
Authors: Maïano C. , Hue O. , April J. 
Published: April 2019

AbstractBackgroundChildren and adolescents with intellectual disabilities (ID) are characterised by deficits in fundamental movement skills (FMS). In youth with typical development, motor skill interventions have been recognised as an efficient means to improve FMS. However, the effects of these interventions among youth with ID have not yet been systematically reviewed.PurposeThe purpose of the present systematic review was to summarise the findings from studies pertaining to the effects of motor skill interventions designed to improve FMS in children and adolescents with ID.MethodA systematic literature search (without year restriction) was performed in 12 databases. Studies in press or published in English in a peer‐reviewed journal were included if: (1) participants were youth with ID aged 5 to 22; (2) motor skill interventions aimed to improve one or several FMS; and (3) they were experimental, quasi‐experimental or pre‐experimental. The Physiotherapy Evidence Database scale was used to assess the quality of the studies.ResultsThrough the search strategy, 1083 articles were identified, and 14 studies published between 1969 and 2018 met the inclusion criteria. In studies with children, motor skill interventions successfully improved balance skills and overall FMS, whereas mixed and inconclusive results were found for locomotor skills. In studies with adolescents, motor skill interventions were shown to successfully improve balance skills. However, none of the motor skill interventions reviewed focused on locomotor and object control skills.ConclusionsThe reviewed motor skill interventions were effective in improving balance skills in both children and adolescents with ID as well as overall FMS in children with ID. Conversely, the effects of motor skill interventions targeting locomotor and object control skills remain unclear. Therefore, given the relatively small number of studies and their limitations, the present findings need to be interpreted with caution, and further rigorous studies are necessary.