bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
What Would Have Helped People With Profound Intellectual and Multiple Disabilities in the UK During COVID‐19?
Authors: Bradshaw Jill , Maguire Roseann , Gillooly Amanda , Hatton Christopher , Caton Sue , Jahoda Andrew , Oloidi Edward , Taggart Laurence , Todd Stuart , Hastings Richard 
Published: November 2024

ABSTRACTPeople with profound intellectual and multiple disabilities can be excluded from research and relatively little is known about the experiences of people with profound intellectual and multiple disabilities and their carers during COVID‐19. This paper aims to further explore the impact on this group via information provided by paid and family carers. It focuses on key areas such as access to social and health services in addition to questions about health and well‐being. In contextualising these results, some comparisons are made to impacts on other groups. This paper also explores what we might do better in future to support this population. Carers were invited to complete an online survey about their experiences and the experiences of people they supported during COVID‐19 and to suggest what might have made life better. They were invited to complete this survey at four time points (waves) between December 2020 and December 2022. This paper reports on Waves 1–3, that is to August 2022. Services for people with profound intellectual and multiple disabilities reduced during COVID‐19 and have yet to return to pre‐pandemic levels. People with profound intellectual and multiple disabilities were reported to experience increased social isolation, deteriorating mental and physical health, increased behavioural signs of distress and reduced life skills. Three areas were identified regarding what would have made life better: opportunities for social contact and activities; improved access to health and social care services, and; consistent and responsive staff. Results are explored in the context of current challenges in service provision, including staff retention and shifts in staff culture during the pandemic.
BookTok: A Narrative Review of Current Literature and Directions for Future Research
Authors: Dera Jeroen 
Published: November 2024

ABSTRACTHarvesting hundreds of billions of views, the hashtag #BookTok on TikTok is currently having a global impact on the production, distribution and reception of literature. This article assesses the academic research conducted thus far on this online literary phenomenon. It differentiates among three directions in the research: (1) BookTok as a specific form of book reviewing; (2) BookTok as a literary community‐builder; and (3) BookTok as an agent in reading promotion. Based on this narrative review, directions for future research are explored, with particular attention to the use of empirical methodologies to further investigate user experiences, the application of a celebrity studies lens, and a focus on BookTok accounts that combine affective and critical approaches to literature, exploring discussions on political, social, and environmental issues within the platform.
The Taliban‐TTP Nexus And Pakistan's Rising Security Challenges
Authors: Ali Shahid , Verma Raj 
Published: November 2024

AbstractWhy has the militant group Tehrik‐i‐Taliban Pakistan (TTP) become a bigger threat to Pakistan since the Taliban's return to rule in Afghanistan? This article contends that the Taliban's determination to provide the TTP with sanctuary and support—including operational freedom and mobility, arms and ammunition, recruitment and military training, and financial and logistical assistance—has been the central factor behind the TTP's resurgence. The evidence demonstrates that the Taliban's unwillingness to disarm, demobilize, or evict the TTP from Afghanistan, even in the face of intensified pressure from Islamabad, has enhanced the TTP's material strength and resolve to overturn the Pakistani state. The group has therefore made uncompromising demands to establish an Islamic emirate or Sharia‐compliant political order in Pakistan and reverse the merger of the Federally Administered Tribal Areas with the Khyber Pakhtunkhwa province. The analysis indicates that gains by the TTP, and the group's allegiance to the Afghan Taliban, could undermine Pakistan's territorial integrity.
Natural variation in GhROPGEF5 contributes to longer and stronger cotton fibers
Authors: Wang Wenwen , Liu Dexin , Zhang Tingfu , Guo Kai , Liu Xueying , Liu Dajun , Chen Lei , Yang Jinming , Teng Zhonghua , Zou Ying , Ma Junrui , Wang Yi , Yang Xinrui , Guo Xin , Sun Xiaoting , Zhang Jian , Xiao Yuehua , Paterson Andrew H. , Zhang Zhengsheng 
Published: November 2024

Summary
Length and strength are key parameters impacting the quality of textiles that can be produced from cotton fibers, and therefore are important considerations in cotton breeding.
Through map‐based cloning and function analysis, we demonstrated that GhROPGEF5, encoding a ROP guanine nucleotide exchange factor, was the gene controlling fiber length and strength at qFSA10.1. Evolutionary analysis revealed that a base deletion in the third exon of GhROPGEF5 resulting in superior fiber length and strength was a rare mutation occurring in a tiny percentage of Upland cottons, with reduced fiber yield hindering its spread.
GhROPGEF5 interacted with and activated GhROP10. Knockout or mutation of GhROPGEF5 resulted a loss of the ability to activate GhROP10. Knockout of GhROPGEF5 or GhROP10 affected the expression of many downstream genes associated with fiber elongation and secondary wall deposition, prolonged fiber elongation and delayed secondary wall deposition, producing denser fiber helices and increasing fiber length and strength.
These results revealed new molecular aspects of fiber development and revealed a rare favorable allele for improving fiber quality in cotton breeding.
Promoting a Culture of Community in Lebanese Care Homes Through Forging Partnerships: A Constructivist Case Study Approach
Authors: Adra Marina Gharibian , Abdallah Nour 
Published: November 2024

ABSTRACTBackgroundCare homes can create a culture of community where residents, their families and staff are supported to develop positive relationships with one another, to interact and explore ideas together in an informal way. This concept is reported in the literature as a Westernised construct and so far, little is known about its meanings from a Middle Eastern cultural perspective and context.AimThe aim of this study is to contribute to the understanding of how partnership between the three stakeholders may contribute to changing the organisation and focus of care homes, supporting a transition to the development of a community culture.MethodA constructivist case study method is employed following Stake's collective case study model. Two care homes were chosen purposively to capture the experience of residents, families and staff working in different types of care homes. Data collection methods include interviews, focus groups and field observations with triangulation of methods and data. Data collection and data analysis occurred simultaneously.ResultsAnalysis of data resulted in the emergence of four themes: organisational flexibility, a vision of care incorporating fundamental elements such as caring and dignity, connectedness/reciprocity, enhancing job satisfaction and morale of staff. These findings indicate that residents, staff and families are interdependent, and this needs to be considered when fostering a culture of community in care homes as an important value. Findings prove that organisational flexibility and individualised care should be set as priorities over care only directed towards disease and illness.ImplicationsThe findings will have implications for developing policy and practice in care homes to improve experience of older residents thus enhancing quality of life in care homes in Lebanon.
Association of social relationships and hearing impairments with behavioural and psychological symptoms of dementia in a Japanese memory clinic
Authors: Tanaka Saki , Katayose Ryo , Shimamura Sora , Fukui Kayoko , Ono Michio , Shirakashi Yoshitomo , Kawasaki Teruaki , Akiguchi Ichiro , Ogita Mihoko 
Published: November 2024

AbstractBackgroundBehavioural and psychological symptoms of dementia (BPSD) negatively impact the quality of life of patients with dementia and their surrounding caregivers. Therefore, identifying modifiable factors to prevent BPSD is crucial. This cross‐sectional study investigated the association between hearing impairment (HI), social relationships, and BPSD.MethodsA survey involving 179 patients who attended a memory clinic was conducted between July 2023 and March 2024. Pure‐tone audiometry and questionnaire interviews were conducted, while medical records were reviewed. HI was defined as an average hearing level ≥ 40 dB, measured by pure‐tone audiometry using the better‐hearing ear. BPSD presence and severity were assessed using the BPSD25Q‐based questionnaire. Multiple regression analysis was used for calculating partial regression coefficients to assess the association between HI, social relationship indicators, and BPSD presence and severity, adjusting for confounders.ResultsAmong the 144 participants included in the analysis, the mean age was 82.7 years, and 96 (66.7%) were female individuals. Using multiple regression analysis, individuals with HI, whether living with others (β = 1.49, P = 0.038) or living alone (β = 2.23, P = 0.044) had a higher presence of BPSD, compared with those without HI who live with others. Additionally, those with HI who regularly engaged in conversations (β = 1.51, P = 0.027) or did not participate in social interactions (β = 2.02, P = 0.020) also had a higher presence of BPSD, compared with individuals without HI in similar circumstances. Similarly, those with HI and living alone (β = 4.54, P = 0.033) and lacking social interaction (β = 3.89, P = 0.020) experienced increased BPSD severity.ConclusionOur findings indicated that living alone and lacking social interaction with having HI were linked to both the presence and severity of BPSD. Additionally, increased verbal communication through conversations with cohabiting family members and others in patients with HI was associated with a higher presence of BPSD. Reducing communication stress and maintaining social connections are essential for managing these challenges.
Managing medication in very old age: A qualitative study among Faroese nonagenarians
Authors: Skorini Maria í , Petersen Maria Skaalum , Róin Ása 
Published: November 2024

AbstractBackgroundCurrently, people generally live longer, and consequently, the number of older people experiencing periods of multimorbidity and the need for medication will increase. Managing multiple medications can be a complex and challenging task, especially for older people who may experience a decline in their cognitive and physical abilities. The aim of this study was to gather knowledge on how home‐dwelling people who are 90 years or older manage their daily medication, what strategies they use, and what challenges they experience regarding medication. This knowledge is necessary for providing support and care for the oldest old regarding their medication management in daily living.MethodSemi‐structured interviews were conducted with 10 men and women aged 91–97 years who were part of the Faroese Nonagenarian Study conducted in 2021. The analysis was conducted by using thematic analysis as suggested by Braun and Clarke.ResultsWe identified three important themes for understanding how the oldest‐old citizens manage medication and the challenges and worries that they sometimes experience. These themes were managing medication in daily living, challenges regarding medication management, and worries among the participating older people and their relatives. The majority of the participants received automated dose dispensing (ADD) services, which they considered a great help. In addition, they developed personal strategies to manage their medication. However, the changing colour and shape of tablets caused concern among the participants, and concern about side effects were not always taken seriously by their general practitioners.ConclusionIn addition to personal strategies, ADD services helped the participants manage medications in daily living. However, user involvement and regular counselling with their doctors appeared to be insufficient and, in some cases, absent. This study points to the necessity of strengthening user involvement by providing sufficient and regular counselling about medication between healthcare providers and people of very old age.
Investigating cultural appropriation: An introduction, policy implications, and legal recommendations
Authors: Mosley Ariel J. 
Published: November 2024

AbstractIn this paper, I propose a multidimensional model of cultural appropriation, including psychological antecedents of appropriation, policy‐level moderators, and implications for racial oppression. In terms of antecedents, I discuss how colorblind racism, aversive racism, and system justification contribute to two dimensions of cultural appropriation: cultural exploitation (high‐status actors extracting from minoritized communities) and cultural dominance (low‐status actors engaging in dominant cultural practices). Next, I discuss policy‐level moderators to counteract these antecedents to reduce acts of cultural appropriation such as placing importance on the role of education and research, introducing legislation that focuses on minoritized groups’ heritage preservation and human rights, and changing institutional norms and organizational climates. This multidimensional framework proposes practical solutions for policy and practice to mitigate implications of racial oppression, including preventing manifestations of intergroup harm, improving hostile intragroup relations, and reducing appropriated racial oppression and stigma internalization.
Infants follow the gaze of same‐age peers, young children, and adults
Authors: Eiteljoerge Sarah , Matzerath Alina , Gweon Hyowon , Mani Nivedita 
Published: November 2024

AbstractGaze following – infants’ orienting towards an object attended to by their social partner – has been linked to a range of socio‐cognitive skills. Despite considerable research on when infants follow the gaze of their social partners, studies have typically examined infants’ following of adults’ gaze. Therefore, little is known about whether or how gaze following is modulated by the characteristics of the model, such as their age. The current study examined infants’ following of the gaze of an actor that varied in age: an adult, a young child, and an infant. In an eyetracking study, 49 infants, aged 6–14 months, were presented with videos in which the actor (either an adult, a child or an infant) first looked down towards a neutral point on the table, then to the participant with a friendly facial expression, and then to one of two novel objects to the left and right of the table. The age of the actor did not predict participants’ gaze following behaviour, with participants following the gaze of the adult, child and same‐aged peer. Thus, gaze following is not constrained to interactions with an adult. Furthermore, participants showed high interest in the actors’ faces which was the strongest for the infant actor followed by the child actor, and the adult actor. These results shed insight into the interaction between infants’ gaze following behaviour and their attentional preferences for different social partners. We discuss the implications of these findings for theories of development: Beyond adults, other infants and children are also perceived as interesting social partners and, potentially, valuable sources of information.
Rural being: Merleau‐Ponty, embodied perception and intersectionality
Authors: Kerrigan Nathan Aaron 
Published: November 2024

AbstractDiscussions of space, place and intersectionality have been present in rural studies since the early 2010s. Drawing upon the ‘relational turn’ in rural sociology and geography, this research has tended to focus on the ways in which the materiality of rural space interlocks with the connective lines of the various identity markers (e.g., ‘race’, gender, classed, able‐bodied, sexuality and so on) of the body to produce criss‐crossing and rhizomic assemblages and networks of rurality that has ability to produce inclusionary and/or exclusionary experiences of the rural based on the social locatedness of the individual. This article argues such theorising of rural intersectionality does not foreground rurality enough. Instead, it has the tendency to reproduce intersectional thinking in ‘additive’ ways within the rural literature. The purpose of this article is to provide a philosophical intervention to the debates in rural sociology and geography on intersectionality. Merleau‐Ponty's concept of embodied perception will be deployed to theorise rural as an identity category, which is always already inscribed with ‘raced’, gendered, heteronormative, abled‐bodied and classed configurations because of the historicity of the motor intentionality of the body. Here, I argue that the rural is an extension of the body in which it gets to know itself as an included (being‐towards‐the‐rural) or excluded (being‐away‐from‐the‐rural) being due to its pre‐reflexive bodily habituation and orientation. Such theorising sees rural as an impregnated reversibility with the identification demarcations of the body—opposed to being ontologically criss‐cross and rhizomatic as understood in the current relational literature on rural and rural intersectionality—and thus repositioning rurality as an inherently intersectional category/concept.
Prevalence and determinants of scabies: A global systematic review and meta‐analysis
Authors: Gupta Saptorshi , Thornley Simon , Morris Arthur , Sundborn Gerhard , Grant Cameron 
Published: November 2024

AbstractObjectivesScabies is a neglected skin disease that disproportionately affects people from resource poor and overcrowded countries. Global data on prevalence and risk factors are limited. This article aims to estimate the global burden of scabies and identifies the risks associated with it.MethodsDatabases (PubMed, Scopus and Cochrane Reviews) were accessed to identify studies of scabies prevalence published between 2000 and 2024. Results were pooled to estimate prevalence and identify factors, which explained between‐study heterogeneity. Odds ratios (ORs), risk of bias, subgroup analyses and meta‐regression were used to describe variation in effect size and heterogeneity based on country‐level demographic and economic variables.ResultsSeventy studies yielded a pooled prevalence of 11.9% (95% confidence interval [CI]: 9.60–14.7) with substantial heterogeneity . Prevalence was highest in Oceania (17.9%; 95% CI: 13.9–22.8) compared to other regions. Pooled risk factors for scabies showed significant associations for demographic and behavioural factors including contact history with household members with itch (OR 11.3; 95% CI 4.82–26.51; ; n = 7), lack of soap use (OR 3.41; 95% CI: 2.56–4.54; ; n = 7), bed‐sharing (OR 2.64; 95% CI: 1.50–4.63; ; n = 7), sharing of clothes (OR 2.52; 95% CI: 1.58–4.03; ; n = 7), infrequent bathing (OR 2.13; 95% CI: 1.41–3.22; ; n = 6), presence of pets (OR 1.76; 95% CI: 1.08–2.87; ; n = 4) and being a male (OR = 1.19; 95% CI: 1.04–1.37; ; n = 22). Socioeconomic factors were not convincingly associated with scabies prevalence.ConclusionPrevalence of scabies is associated with geographic location and behavioural factors, but not between‐country socioeconomic status. In addition to mass drug administration, risk factors are identified which may be included in health promotion programmes to reduce scabies prevalence and its sequelae in the long term.
Navigating transition shock: The role of system thinking in enhancing nursing process competency among early career nurses
Authors: Atta Mohamed Hussein Ramadan , El‐Sayed Ahmed Abdelwahab Ibrahim , Alsenany Samira Ahmed , Hammad Heba Abdel‐Hamid , Elzohairy Nadia Waheed , Asal Maha Gamal Ramadan 
Published: November 2024

AbstractBackgroundBuilding nursing process competency among beginner nurses is a pivotal need in contemporary, complex, fast‐paced nursing practice. However, transitioning from the educational phase to practicing as a nurse can be a significant adjustment. New practitioners often experience a period of shock, which may present challenges in developing nurse competency. Fostering system thinking among those nurses could buffer the negative signs of transition shock and cultivate nursing process competencies at earlier times.AimThis study explores the relationship between transition shock and nursing process competency among early career nurses and investigates the moderating effect of system thinking on this relationship.MethodThis cross‐sectional correlational exploratory study was conducted at four large hospitals in Egypt. Data were collected from 393 nurses from the first of February 2024 to the end of April 2024 using the transition shock scale, the competency of nursing process questionnaire, and the system thinking scale. Correlational and hierarchical regression analyses were used to test the study variables.ResultsA statistically significant negative correlation exists between transition shock, nursing process competency, and system thinking among early‐career nurses. System thinking is positively associated with nursing process competency. System thinking positively moderates the relationship between transition shock and nursing process competency among early‐career nurses. Transition shock and system thinking account for 23.9% of the variance in nursing process competency among early‐career nurses.Linking Evidence to ActionTransition shock is an inevitable phenomenon among early‐career nurses, negatively affecting their competency in the nursing process. System thinking buffers this adverse effect and significantly augments nursing process competency among this set of nurses. Predicting and mitigating transition shock among early‐career nurses is pivotal in building nursing process competency. Nurse educators must develop curricula that cultivate system thinking skills among nursing students, which enables them to buffer transition shock after graduation.
Historical Summary of Tick and Animal Surveillance Studies for Lyme Disease in Canada, 1975–2023: A Scoping Review
Authors: Davidson Alexander , Kelly Patrick H. , Davis Julie , Major Maria , Moïsi Jennifer C. , Stark James H. 
Published: November 2024

ABSTRACTIntroductionLyme disease (LD) is caused by infection with the bacteria Borrelia burgdorferi sensu lato (Bb) through the bite of an infected Ixodes spp. tick. LD has emerged as a public and animal health issue in Canada, with human incidence increasing in part due to the expansion of Ixodes scapularis ticks and their vertebrate hosts. We sought to provide the first comprehensive summary of published tick and animal surveillance literature regarding LD in Canada to describe changes in LD over time.MethodsWe conducted a review to identify peer‐reviewed LD‐focused tick, mammal, and bird surveillance articles in three online databases between 1975 and 2023. Data on study characteristics, data collection years, and surveillance methods and findings were extracted. Descriptive statistics were reported.ResultsIn total, 115 studies were included for review. Results showed an increase in published surveillance literature and changes in study approaches and their provincial distribution over time, coinciding with increased LD cases in Canada. Seventy‐four studies were published after 2014 when Canada's Federal Framework on Lyme Disease Act was introduced, and two‐thirds of these studies focused on tick surveillance only. Overall, 58% of studies involved surveillance in Ontario but increases in all other provinces were observed after 2009.ConclusionsObserved changes in five decades of LD‐related tick and animal surveillance literature helps document the historical rapid spread of Ixodes and Bb across provinces. This can provide lessons for other regions that may transition from emerging to endemic status for LD in the coming years.