bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
In Vitro Fertilization and Vasa Previa: A Report of Two Cases
Authors: Isotton Ana Lúcia , Salazar Cristiano Caetano , Peralta Cleisson Fábio Andrioli , Abdalla Juliana Moysés Leite , Vettorazzi Janete 
Published: April 2019

AbstractVasa previa (VP) is a dangerous obstetric condition associated with perinatal mortality and morbidity. In vitro fertilization (IVF) is a risk factor for VP due to the high incidence of abnormal placentation. The diagnosis should be made prenatally, because fetal mortality can be extremely high. We report two cases to demonstrate the accuracy of transvaginal ultrasound in the prenatal diagnosis of VP. A 40-year-old primiparous Caucasian woman with IVF pregnancy was diagnosed with VP at 29 weeks of gestation and was hospitalized for observation at 31 weeks of gestation. She delivered a male newborn weighing 2,380 g, with an Apgar score of 10 at 5 minutes, by elective cesarean section at 34 weeks + 4 days of gestation, without complications. A 36-year-old primiparous Caucasian woman with IVF pregnancy was diagnosed with placenta previa, bilobed placenta increta and VP. The cord insertion was velamentous. She was hospitalized for observation at 26 weeks of gestation. She delivered a female newborn weighing 2,140 g, with an Apgar score of 9 at 5 minutes, by emergency cesarean section at 33 weeks + 4 days of gestation due to vaginal bleeding. The prenatal diagnosis of VP was associated with a favorable outcome in the two cases, supporting previous observations that IVF is a risk factor for VP and that all IVF pregnancies should be screened by transvaginal ultrasound.
The Rejuvenation of the Aged Central Lower Face: A Contemporary Perspective
Authors: Fedok Fred 
Published: April 2019

AbstractAging of the central face is typified by several common characteristics such as generalized volume loss, the appearance of a mental crease and marionette lines, thinning of the lips, and fixed and dynamic rhytids. These result from several processes such as atrophy of adipose and bone, changes in the support of the mandibular septum, and a loss of skin elasticity. There are many methods available for the improvement and rejuvenation of this facial anatomical area. Options include traditional surgical techniques, the application of volume and the use of laser, light, and energy-based devices. The recent application of biological interventions offers the possibility of cellular-based therapies to usher in a new era of true tissue regeneration. Optimal correction of the abnormalities may be accomplished through an understanding and identification of the causes of the observed abnormalities and targeting with the best available intervention. There are a growing number of techniques and technologies to accomplish this.
Mandibular Angle Implants
Authors: Eppley Barry 
Published: April 2019

AbstractAfter studying this article, the reader should be able to understand the two basic types of implants for aesthetic augmentation of the jaw angles and the aesthetic goals in using them. The operative steps for surgical placement are described with emphasis on avoiding the common complications of jaw angle implants. The indications for the use of standard versus custom jaw angle implants are also described.
Nivolumab in the Treatment of Recurrent/Metastatic Squamous Cell Carcinoma of the Head and Neck (RM-SCCHN): A Report of 16 Cases at a Single Institution
Authors: Yamazaki Tomoko , Aoi Jiro , Kishimoto Kazutaka , Saijo Satoshi , Fujii Keitaro , Imai Takayuki , Asada Yukinori , Matsuura Kazuto 
Published: April 2019

Background Nivolumab, approved in Japan for platinum-refractory recurrent/metastatic squamous cell carcinoma of the head and neck (RM-SCCHN) in 2017, is of uncertain cost-effectiveness.
Patients and Methods We reviewed the data of 16 patients with platinum-refractory RM-SCCHN treated with nivolumab monotherapy, 3 mg/kg every 2 weeks, between April 2017 and February 2018.
Results All 16 patients were male. The number of previous treatments was 1, 2, and 3 in 1, 5, and 10 patients, respectively. All patients had been previously treated with regimens that included platinum, and 15 patients had previously received cetuximab. The best response rate was a partial response in two patients. Stable disease occurred in 11 patients and disease progression occurred in 2 patients. The disease control rate was 81.2%. Median follow-up time was approximately 8.7 months, and median progression-free survival (PFS) was 2.1 months. Adverse events (AEs) ≤ Grade 3 included pneumonitis and rash in 38%, pruritus in 31%, fatigue in 25%, and kidney dysfunction and endocrine disorder in 12% each. AEs > Grade 3 included pruritus in 12%, and pneumonitis in 6%. Drug discontinuation was requested by patients' clinicians for disease progression in seven patients and Grade 3 AEs in three. Following nivolumab treatment, seven patients received salvage treatment.
Conclusion Nivolumab showed some efficacy in disease control, but PFS was low. The AE rate was acceptable, with no Grade 4 or 5. If patient selection can be fine-tuned, treatment with this agent may become cost-effective.
Link between molecular mobility and order parameter during liquid–liquid transition of a molecular liquid
Authors: Murata Ken-ichiro , Tanaka Hajime 
Published: April 2019

Significance
Contrary to a common sense that a liquid state is unique for a pure system, there have been a number of indications for the presence of more than two liquid states. The transition between the liquid states is called “liquid–liquid transition.” There has so far been little information on how local molecular dynamics changes during the transformation. Here, we reveal the correlation between the order parameter and molecular dynamics by real-time dielectric spectroscopy measurements during the transformation from liquid I to liquid II in a molecular liquid, triphenyl phosphite. Our results suggest that the local order parameter controls local dynamics. Our finding sheds light on the nature of liquid–liquid transition from a perspective of molecular-level dynamics.
Modeling meiotic chromosome pairing: a tug of war between telomere forces and a pairing-based Brownian ratchet leads to increased pairing fidelity
Authors: Marshall Wallace F , Fung Jennifer C 
Published: April 2019

Abstract
Meiotic homolog pairing involves associations between homologous DNA regions scattered along the length of a chromosome. When homologs associate, they tend to do so by a processive zippering process, which apparently results from avidity effects. Using a computational model, we show that this avidity-driven processive zippering reduces the selectivity of pairing. When active random forces are applied to telomeres, this drop in selectivity is eliminated in a force-dependent manner. Further simulations suggest that active telomere forces are engaged in a tug-of-war against zippering, which can be interpreted as a Brownian ratchet with a stall force that depends on the dissociation constant of pairing. When perfectly homologous regions of high affinity compete with homeologous regions of lower affinity, the affinity difference can be amplified through this tug of war effect provided the telomere force acts in a range that is strong enough to oppose zippering of homeologs while still permitting zippering of correct homologs. The degree of unzippering depends on the radius of the nucleus, such that complete unzippering of homeologous regions can only take place if the nucleus is large enough to pull the two chromosomes completely apart. A picture of meiotic pairing thus emerges that is fundamentally mechanical in nature, possibly explaining the purpose of active telomere forces, increased nuclear diameter, and the presence of ‘Maverick’ chromosomes in meiosis.
Ultrasound-assisted biofabrication and bioprinting of preferentially aligned three-dimensional cellular constructs
Authors: Chansoria Parth , Narayanan Lokesh Karthik , Schuchard Karl , Shirwaiker Rohan 
Published: April 2019

Abstract
A critical consideration in tissue engineering is to recapitulate the microstructural organization of native tissues that is essential to their function. Scaffold-based techniques have focused on achieving this via the contact guidance principle wherein topographical cues offered by scaffold fibers direct migration and orientation of cells to govern subsequent cell-secreted extracellular matrix organization. Alternatively, approaches based on acoustophoretic, electrophoretic, photophoretic, magnetophoretic, and chemotactic principles are being investigated in the biofabrication domain to direct patterning of cells within bioink constructs. This work describes a new acoustophoretic three-dimensional (3D) biofabrication approach that utilizes radiation forces generated by superimposing ultrasonic bulk acoustic waves (BAW) to preferentially organize cellular arrays within single and multi-layered hydrogel constructs. Using multiphysics modeling and experimental design, we have characterized the effects of process parameters including ultrasound frequency (0.71, 1, 1.5, 2 MHz), signal voltage amplitude (100, 200 mVpp), bioink viscosity (5, 70 cP), and actuation duration (10, 20 min) on the alignment characteristics, viability and metabolic activity of human adipose-derived stem cells (hASC) suspended in alginate. Results show that the spacing between adjacent cellular arrays decreased with increasing frequency (p < 0.001), while the width of the arrays decreased with increasing frequency and amplitude (p < 0.05), and upon lowering the bioink viscosity (p < 0.01) or increasing actuation duration (p < 0.01). Corresponding to the computational results wherein estimated acoustic radiation forces demonstrated a linear relationship with amplitude and a nonlinear relationship with frequency, the interaction of moderate frequencies at high amplitudes resulted in viscous perturbations, ultimately affecting the hASC viability (p < 0.01). For each combination of frequency and amplitude at the extremities of the tested range, the hASC metabolic activity did not change over 4 d, but the activity of the low frequency-high amplitude treatment was lower than that of the high frequency-low amplitude treatment at day 4 (p < 0.01). In addition to this process-structure characterization, we have also demonstrated the 3D bioprinting of a multi-layered medial knee meniscus construct featuring physiologically-relevant circumferential organization of viable hASC. This work contributes to the advancement of scalable biomimetic tissue manufacturing science and technology.
Cargo Preference and U.S. International Food Aid Programs
Authors: Mercier Stephanie , Smith Vincent 
Published: April 2019

AbstractThe United States is the world's largest donor of humanitarian assistance. However, that aid's effectiveness is hampered by decades‐old rules that restrict where food aid commodities are purchased and how they are transported to recipient countries. This paper evaluates costs associated with one of those restrictions—food aid cargo preference—which requires that at least half of all U.S. food aid shipped in a given year be carried on U.S.‐flagged vessels. The empirical analysis presented in this study, based on individual food aid shipments between January 2012 and May 2015, indicates that cargo preference added $42 million annually to program costs.
Acute and midterm outcomes of the post-approval MELODY Registry: a multicentre registry of transcatheter pulmonary valve implantation
Authors: Nordmeyer Johannes , Ewert Peter , Gewillig Marc , AlJufan Mansour , Carminati Mario , Kretschmar Oliver , Uebing Anselm , Dähnert Ingo , Röhle Robert , Schneider Heike , Witsenburg Maarten , Benson Lee , Gitter Roland , Bökenkamp Regina , Mahadevan Vaikom , Berger Felix 
Published: April 2019

Abstract

Aims
The post-approval MELODY Registry aimed to obtain multicentre registry data after transcatheter pulmonary valve implantation (TPVI) with the Melody™ valve (Medtronic plc.) in a large-scale cohort of patients with congenital heart disease (CHD).

Methods and results
Retrospective analysis of multicentre registry data after TPVI with the Melody™ valve. Eight hundred and forty-five patients (mean age: 21.0 ± 11.1 years) underwent TPVI in 42 centres between December 2006 and September 2013 and were followed-up for a median of 5.9 years (range: 0–11.0 years). The composite endpoint of TPVI-related events during follow-up (i.e. death, reoperation, or reintervention &gt;48 h after TPVI) showed an incidence rate of 4.2% per person per year [95% confidence interval (CI) 3.7–4.9]. Transcatheter pulmonary valve implantation infective endocarditis (I.E.) showed an incidence rate of 2.3% per person per year (95% CI 1.9–2.8) and resulted in significant morbidity and in nine deaths. In multivariable Cox proportional hazard models, the invasively measured residual right ventricle (RV)-to-pulmonary artery (PA) pressure gradient (per 5 mmHg) was associated with the risk of the composite endpoint (adjusted hazard ratio: 1.21, 95% CI 1.12–1.30; P &lt; 0.0001) and the risk of TPVI I.E. (adjusted hazard ratio: 1.19, 95% CI 1.07–1.32; P = 0.002). Major procedural complications (death, surgical, or interventional treatment requirement) occurred in 0.5%, 1.2%, and 2.0%, respectively. Acutely, the RV-to-PA pressure gradient and the percentage of patients with pulmonary regurgitation grade &gt;2 improved significantly from 36 [interquartile range (IQR) 24–47] to 12 (IQR 7–17) mmHg and 47 to 1%, respectively (P &lt; 0.001 for each).

Conclusion
The post-approval MELODY Registry confirms the efficacy of TPVI with the Melody™ valve in a large-scale cohort of CHD patients. The residual invasively measured RV-to-PA pressure gradient may serve as a target for further improvement in the composite endpoint and TPVI I.E. However, TPVI I.E. remains a significant concern causing significant morbidity and mortality.
Serum metabolic signatures of coronary and carotid atherosclerosis and subsequent cardiovascular disease
Authors: Tzoulaki Ioanna , Castagné Raphaële , Boulangé Claire L , Karaman Ibrahim , Chekmeneva Elena , Evangelou Evangelos , Ebbels Timothy M D , Kaluarachchi Manuja R , Chadeau-Hyam Marc , Mosen David , Dehghan Abbas , Moayyeri Alireza , Ferreira Diana L Santos , Guo Xiuqing , Rotter Jerome I , Taylor Kent D , Kavousi Maryam , de Vries Paul S , Lehne Benjamin , Loh Marie , Hofman Albert , Nicholson Jeremy K , Chambers John , Gieger Christian , Holmes Elaine , Tracy Russell , Kooner Jaspal , Greenland Philip , Franco Oscar H , Herrington David , Lindon John C , Elliott Paul 
Published: April 2019

Abstract

Aims
To characterize serum metabolic signatures associated with atherosclerosis in the coronary or carotid arteries and subsequently their association with incident cardiovascular disease (CVD).

Methods and results
We used untargeted one-dimensional (1D) serum metabolic profiling by proton nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy (1H NMR) among 3867 participants from the Multi-Ethnic Study of Atherosclerosis (MESA), with replication among 3569 participants from the Rotterdam and LOLIPOP studies. Atherosclerosis was assessed by coronary artery calcium (CAC) and carotid intima-media thickness (IMT). We used multivariable linear regression to evaluate associations between NMR features and atherosclerosis accounting for multiplicity of comparisons. We then examined associations between metabolites associated with atherosclerosis and incident CVD available in MESA and Rotterdam and explored molecular networks through bioinformatics analyses. Overall, 30 1H NMR measured metabolites were associated with CAC and/or IMT, P = 1.3 × 10−14 to 1.0 × 10−6 (discovery) and P = 5.6 × 10−10 to 1.1 × 10−2 (replication). These associations were substantially attenuated after adjustment for conventional cardiovascular risk factors. Metabolites associated with atherosclerosis revealed disturbances in lipid and carbohydrate metabolism, branched chain, and aromatic amino acid metabolism, as well as oxidative stress and inflammatory pathways. Analyses of incident CVD events showed inverse associations with creatine, creatinine, and phenylalanine, and direct associations with mannose, acetaminophen-glucuronide, and lactate as well as apolipoprotein B (P &lt; 0.05).

Conclusion
Metabolites associated with atherosclerosis were largely consistent between the two vascular beds (coronary and carotid arteries) and predominantly tag pathways that overlap with the known cardiovascular risk factors. We present an integrated systems network that highlights a series of inter-connected pathways underlying atherosclerosis.
Research with Agricultural Animals and Wildlife
Authors: Cox Rebecca J , Nol Pauline , Ellis Christine K , Palmer Mitchell V 
Published: April 2019

AbstractIn fiscal year 2016, agricultural animals such as swine, sheep, goats, and cattle represented 10% of the 820 812 animals used in USDA-regulated research. In addition to traditional agricultural animals, research studies using captive wildlife are becoming increasingly important as human and livestock populations encroach upon, and thus expand interactions with, wildlife populations on the landscape. Optimum healthcare of both livestock and captive wildlife in a research setting requires proper husbandry, management, and veterinary care. Regardless of animal species, proper care and management are essential for animal well-being, valid research data, and the health and safety of animal care personnel. Using wildlife in research presents unique challenges as there is generally limited peer-reviewed research on wildlife welfare, husbandry, and nutrition. Animals often become excited during handling or transport, and care must be taken to avoid injury. When severe injuries do occur, differences may exist in methods of euthanasia. Many wildlife species are evolutionarily programmed to conceal signs of illness, making assessment of their condition difficult; moreover, attending veterinarians are often not as experienced in the care of wildlife as they are in the care of traditional laboratory animals or livestock. These differences are further magnified in the context of wildlife field research. The concepts of replace, reduce, and refine are as valid in livestock and wildlife research as in biomedical research, and investigators should work closely with their Institutional Animal Care and Use Committees to ensure humane animal care. The Institutional Animal Care and Use Committee is centrally important in providing guidelines relative to ethical use of animal subjects for research and can serve as a valuable resource for research accountability.
Early Clearance of Mycobacterium tuberculosis Is Associated With Increased Innate Immune Responses
Authors: Verrall Ayesha J , Schneider Marion , Alisjahbana Bachti , Apriani Lika , van Laarhoven Arjan , Koeken Valerie A C M , van Dorp Suszanne , Diadani Emira , Utama Fitri , Hannaway Rachel F , Indrati Agnes , Netea Mihai G , Sharples Katrina , Hill Philip C , Ussher James E , van Crevel Reinout 
Published: April 2019

AbstractBackgroundA proportion of tuberculosis (TB) case contacts do not become infected, even when heavily exposed. We studied the innate immune responses of TB case contacts to understand their role in protection against infection with Mycobacterium tuberculosis, termed “early clearance.”MethodsIndonesian household contacts of TB cases were tested for interferon-γ release assay (IGRA) conversion between baseline and 14 weeks post recruitment. Blood cell populations and ex vivo innate whole blood cytokine responses were measured at baseline and, in a subgroup, flow cytometry was performed at weeks 2 and 14. Immunological characteristics were measured for early clearers, defined as a persistently negative IGRA at 3 months, and converters, whose IGRA converted from negative to positive.ResultsAmong 1347 case contacts, 317 were early clearers and 116 were converters. Flow cytometry showed a resolving innate cellular response from 2 to 14 weeks in persistently IGRA-negative contacts but not converters. There were no differences in cytokine responses to mycobacterial stimuli, but compared to converters, persistently IGRA-negative contacts produced more proinflammatory cytokines following heterologous stimulation with Escherichia coli and Streptococcus pneumoniae.ConclusionsEarly clearance of M. tuberculosis is associated with enhanced heterologous innate immune responses similar to those activated during induction of trained immunity.
Uniform interpolation for propositional and modal team logics
Authors: D’Agostino Giovanna 
Published: April 2019

Abstract
In this paper we consider modal team logic, a generalization of classical modal logic in which it is possible to describe dependence phenomena between data. We prove that most known fragments of full modal team logic allow the elimination of the so called ‘existential bisimulation quantifiers’, where the existence of a certain set is required only modulo bisimulation (i.e. not in the model itself but possibly in a bisimilar model). As a consequence, we prove that these fragments enjoy the uniform interpolation property.
The Impact of Concomitant Empiric Cefepime on Patient Outcomes of Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus Bloodstream Infections Treated With Vancomycin
Authors: Zasowski Evan J , Trinh Trang D , Atwan Safana M , Merzlyakova Marina , Langf Abdalhamid M , Bhatia Sahil , Rybak Michael J 
Published: April 2019

AbstractBackgroundData suggest that vancomycin + β-lactam combinations improve clearance of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) bloodstream infections (BSIs). However, it is unclear which specific β-lactams confer benefit. This analysis evaluates the impact of concomitant empiric cefepime on outcomes of MRSA BSIs treated with vancomycin.MethodsRetrospective cohort study of adults with MRSA BSI from 2006 to 2017. Vancomycin + cefepime therapy was defined as ≥24 hours of cefepime during the first 72 hours of vancomycin. The primary outcome was microbiologic failure, defined as BSI duration ≥7 days and/or 60-day recurrence. Multivariable logistic regression was used to evaluate the association between vancomycin + cefepime therapy and binary outcomes. Cause-specific and subdistribution hazard models were used to evaluate the association between vancomycin + cefepime and BSI clearance.ResultsThree hundred fifty-eight patients were included, 129 vancomycin and 229 vancomycin + cefepime. Vancomycin + cefepime therapy was independently associated with reduced microbiologic failure (adjusted odds ratio [aOR], 0.488; 95% confidence interval [CI], 0.271–0.741). This was driven by a reduction in the incidence of BSI durations ≥7 days (vancomycin + cefepime aOR, 0.354; 95% CI, 0.202–0.621). Vancomycin + cefepime had no association with 30-day mortality (aOR, 0.952; 95% CI, 0.435–2.425). Vancomycin + cefepime was associated with faster BSI clearance in both cause-specific (HR, 1.408; 95% CI, 1.125–1.762) and subdistribution hazard models (HR, 1.264; 95% CI, 1.040–1.536).ConclusionsConcomitant empiric cefepime improved MRSA BSI clearance and may be useful as the β-lactam component of synergistic vancomycin + β-lactam regimens when empiric or directed gram-negative coverage is desired.