bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Comparison of serum biomarkers for the early diagnosis of patients with liver cirrhosis and systemic inflammatory response syndrome
Authors: Yang Danhong , Xie Yuanjun , Zhang Qiang , Huang Yicheng , Dai Yining , Yu Wei , Pan Hongying 
Published: June 2019

Abstract
Background

Systemic inflammatory response syndrome (SIRS) can cause serious negative effects among patients with liver cirrhosis (LC). . It is very important to finding methods for early diagnose and intervene early in these patients.This study was to assess the accuracy of early diagnostic value of serum biomarkers in patients with LC and SIRS.

Methods

A total of 123 LC patients were enrolled, 64 of whom were diagnosed with SIRS and 59 patients without SIRS. Various biomarkers and cytokines were measured in two groups of patients: LC+SIRS and LC−SIRS. Receiver operating characteristic curves (ROCs) were used to assess the ability of tested biomarkers to diagnoseLC with SIRS.

Results

White blood cell (WBC) count, neutrophil percentage(N%), as well as levels of C-reactive protein (CRP), procalcitonin(PCT), soluble triggering receptor expressed on myeloid cells-1 (sTREM-1), interleukin (IL)-6, IL-10 and tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α, were significantly higher in the LC+SIRS group than in the LC−SIRS group. But only sTREM-1 had high accuracy of the early diagnosis for LC+SIRS. The WBC count, N% as well as levels of CRP, PCT, IL-6, andTNF-α had moderate diagnostic value, and IL-10 had low diagnostic value.The cutoff value of sTREM-1was 179.23 pg/mL and showed 84.4% sensitivity and 93.2% specificity.The AUC of sTREM-1 was 0.904(95%CI 0.899–0.982) and higher than that of the WBC count as well as levels of CRP, PCT, IL-6, IL-10 and TNF-α. In addition, 24 (37.50%) LC+SIRS cases died during 90-day follow-up. Neutrophil percentage as well as levels of CRP, PCT, sTREM-1, IL-6 and TNF-α were significantly higher those who died than in those who survived.

Conclusion

The WBC count,N% and levels of CRP, PCT, sTREM-1, IL-6, IL-10 and TNF-α are helpful for the early diagnosis of LC+SIRS.Serum sTREM-1 cut-off levels provide better accuracy than customary levels for cirrhosis with SIRS and appears to be a useful early marker to discriminate between SIRS and no-SIRS.It may also be helpful for implications in the prevention and treatment of cirrhosis and SIRS/sepsis.
The midline approach for endotracheal intubation with GlideScope video laryngoscopy could provide a better glottis exposure in adults:A randomised controlled trial
Authors: Jiang Lianxiang , Qiu Shulin , Zhang Peng , Yao Weidong , Chang Yan , Dai Zeping 
Published: June 2019

Abstract
Background: Previous studies demonstrated that the common laryngoscopic approach (right-sided) and midline approach are both used for endotracheal intubation by direct laryngoscopy. Although a midline approach is commonly recommended for video laryngoscopy (VL) in clinical, lacking of published evidences to support it. The study aimed to evaluate the effects of different video laryngoscopic approach on intubation.
Methods: Two hundred and sixty-two patients aged 18 years who underwent elective surgery in general anesthesia, requiring endotracheal intubation, were included in the prospective, randomized, controlled study. Participants were randomly and equally allocated to right approach (Group R) or midline approach (Group M). All intubations were conducted with GlideScope video laryngoscopy by experienced anaesthetists. The primary outcomes were Cormack-Lehane laryngoscopic views (CLV) and first-pass success (FPS) rate. The secondary outcomes were time to glottis exposure, time to tracheal intubation, hemodynamic response and other adverse events. Comparative analysis was performed between the both groups.
Results: All patients ultimately were successfully intubated. No significant differences were observed in patient characteristics and airway assessments (P＞0.05). Compared with Group R, Group M had a better CLV (χ2=14.706, P=0.001) and shorter time to glottis exposure (8.82±2.04 vs 12.38±1.81, t=14.94, P<0.001) and tracheal intubation (37.19±5.01 vs 45.23±4.81, t=13.25, P<0.001), but no difference in FPS rate (70.2% vs 71.8%, χ2=0.074, P=0.446). Between groups, the rates of hoarseness or sore throat, minor injury, hypoxemiaand changes of SBP and HR were noted no significant difference (P＞0.05).
Conclusion: Although FPS rate did not differ based upon laryngoscopic approach type; however, the midline approach could provide a better glottis exposure, shorter time to glottis exposure and intubation. The midline approach should be recommended for teaching in VL-assisted endotracheal intubation.
Trial registration: The study was registered in Chinese Clinical Trial Registry (ChiCTR-RNC-13003898).
Keywords: endotracheal intubation; video laryngoscopic; laryngoscopic approach
Influence of Measurement Principle on Total Hemoglobin Value
Authors: Hayashi Keisuke , Hitosugi Takashi , Kawakubo Yoshifumi , Kitamoto Norihisa , Yokoyama Takeshi 
Published: June 2019

Abstract
Background: Total hemoglobin measurement is indispensable for determining the stroke type (haemorrhagic vs. ischaemic) and need for blood transfusion. Conductivity- and absorbance-based measurement methods are used for blood gas analysis of total hemoglobin. For conductivity-based measurement, total hemoglobin is calculated after converting blood conductivity into a hematocrit value, whereas absorbance measurement is based on light absorbance after red blood cell hemolysis. We previously reported hemolysis observed after infusion or transfusion during veno-arterial extracorporeal membrane oxygenation, and total hemoglobin differed between conductivity and absorbance measurement methods possibly due to plasma electrolyte changes and hemolysis.
Methods: In this study, test samples with controlled electrolyte changes and hemolysis were created by adding sodium chloride, distilled water or hemolysed blood to blood samples collected from healthy volunteers, and total hemoglobin values were compared between both methods.
Results: Conductivity-based measurement revealed reduced total hemoglobin value (from 15.49 to 13.05 g/dl) following the addition of 10% sodium chloride, which was also reduced by the addition of hemolysate. Conversely, the addition of distilled water significantly increased total hemoglobin value than the expected value. In the absorbance method, there was no significant change in total hemoglobin value due to electrolyte change or hemolysis.
Conclusions: The absorbance method should be used when measuring total hemoglobin in patients with expected blood conductivity changes. However, when using this method, the added contribution of hemoglobin from hemolysed erythrocytes lacking oxygen carrying capacity must be considered.
Improved recording of work relatedness during patient consultations in occupational primary health care: A cluster randomized controlled trial using routine and register data
Authors: Atkins Salla , Reho Tiia , Talola Nina , Sumanen Markku , Viljamaa Mervi , Uitti Jukka 
Published: June 2019

Abstract
Background

Prolonging working careers is a key policy goal in ageing populations in Europe, but reaching this goal is complex. Occupational health services are in the best position to contribute towards prolonging working careers, through preventing illnesses that cause work disability and early pensions. However, this requires close follow-up and recording of patient health status during consultations, as well as continuity of care. We aimed to determine whether a combined educational and electronic reminder system could improve the recording and follow-up of patient primary care visits in occupational health care, and through this, to impact on sickness absence rates.

Methods

This study is a pragmatic cluster randomized controlled trial using medical record data. Data were extracted from routine patient registers collected by Pihlajalinna Työterveys from 2015 to 2017. Data were cleaned and analysed intention-to-treat using ANCOVA.

Results

There was no significant difference between intervention and control sites in terms of sickness absences of different duration. Process indicators suggested that there was a change in physicians’ practice following the educational component of the intervention.

Conclusion

Education with an electronic reminder can change physicians’ practice, but longer term follow-up is needed to determine whether this impacts on patients’ sickness absences.
Impact of Leaf and Stem Proportions on Dry Matter and Crude Protein In Situ Disappearance of Rhizoma Peanut Genotypes
Authors: Alencar Nayara M. , Vendramini João M. B. , Dubeux José C. B. , dos Santos Antonio C. , Sanchez João M. D. , da Silva Hiran M. , Silveira Maria L. , Sousa Luis F. , Neiva José N. M. 
Published: June 2019

ABSTRACTRhizoma peanut (Arachis glabrata Benth.) is a warm‐season legume adapted to the southern United States. ‘Florigraze’ is the most cultivated rhizoma peanut; however, recent studies have demonstrated that the genotype Ecoturt has attractive forage characteristics. The objectives of this study were to evaluate the effect of leaf and stem proportions on dry matter (DM) and crude protein (CP) disappearance of Ecoturf and Florigraze rhizoma peanut. Treatments were two genotypes of rhizoma peanut (Florigraze or Ecoturf) and three leaf and stem proportions (100, 50, and 0%) distributed in a randomized complete design with four replicates. Crude protein and DM disappearances were estimated using a nonlinear model. Dry matter and CP fractions were described as rapidly degradable (Fraction A), potentially degradable (Fraction B), and undegradable (Fraction C). Florigraze had greater DM Fraction A than Ecoturf (349 vs. 339 g kg−1), but there was no difference in Fractions B and C (means = 427 and 230 g kg−1, respectively). The leaf and stem proportions have significant impact on DM and CP fractions and effective degradability. There was a linear decrease in DM Fractions A and B and a decrease in Fraction C with increasing leaf proportion. Conversely, CP Fractions A and C increased with increasing leaf proportion, whereas Fraction B decreased. The leaf and stem proportions are important indicators of nutritive value of rhizoma peanut, and the models generated by this study may allow managers to have a more accurate prediction of forage nutritive value for ruminants.
Valleyite: A new magnetic mineral with the sodalite-type structure
Authors: Lee Seungyeol , Xu Huifang , Xu Hongwu , Jacobs Ryan , Morgan Dane 
Published: June 2019

Abstract
Valleyite, Ca4(Fe,Al)6O13, is a new sodalite-type mineral discovered in late Pleistocene basaltic scoria from the Menan Volcanic Complex near Rexburg, Idaho, U.S.A. It is an oxidation product of basaltic glass during the early stage of the scoria formation and is associated with hematite (α-Fe2O3), maghemite (γ-Fe2O3), luogufengite (ε-Fe2O3), and quartz on the surface of vesicles. The measured crystal size of valleyite ranges from ~250 to ~500 nm. The empirical chemical formula of valleyite is (Ca3.61Mg0.39)(Fe3.97Al1.91Ti0.09)O13. The mineral has a space group of I43m. The (Fe,Al)-O bond distance and unit-cell edge are slightly larger than those reported for synthetic Ca4Al6O13, presumably due to the presence of the larger Fe3+ cations, compared with Al3+, in the structure. Density functional theory calculations predict that valleyite may be a metastable phase at low temperatures. Measured Curie temperatures for valleyite and luogufengite are 645 and 519 K, respectively. Their magnetization hysteresis loop indicates the magnetic exchange coupling between valleyite (soft magnet) and luogufengite (hard magnet) that aids in the understanding of magnetic properties and paleo-magnetism of basaltic rocks. This new mineral, valleyite, with the sodalite-type cage structure is potentially a functional magnetic material.
Corrupção e Contabilidade: Análise Bibliométrica da Produção Científica Internacional
Authors: Vecchia Leidiane Andreola Dalla , Mazzioni Sady , Poli Odilon Luiz , Moura Geovanne Dias de 
Published: June 2019

O objetivo do estudo consistiu em analisar as principais características da produção intelectual relacionadas à contabilidade e a corrupção, no cenário internacional. Os procedimentos metodológicos foram conduzidos por meio de pesquisa descritiva, análise bibliométrica e abordagem quantitativa. A coleta considerou a produção indexada nas bases de dados Spell, Scielo, Science Direct e Ebsco, cuja amostra final reuniu um conjunto de cinquenta e três artigos. Os resultados encontrados indicam baixa densidade de relações entre os autores e as instituições, os autores mais produtivos contam com apenas três artigos e, confirmando um pressuposto da Lei de Lotka, 97,44% dos autores possuem apenas um artigo sobre o tema. Não foi observada a presença de elitismo de autores, reforçando o caráter de que a produção científica sobre a temática ainda é incipiente. O maior volume de artigos publicados ocorreu em 2015, 11 artigos. Dentre os artigos de maior impacto, 50% adotaram perspectiva positivista e 50% perspectiva crítica. Os períodos Critical Perspectives on Accounting, Journal of Accounting Auditing & Finance e The Accounting Rewiew publicaram o maior numero de pesquisas sobre a temática abordada neste estudo. Os resultados permitiram observar maior incidência de discussões na relação da corrupção com: práticas de auditoria (atividades do auditor e combate de fraudes); escândalos corporativos (ineficiência contábil) e combate à corrupção por meio da contabilidade.
Exploring Young People’s Perceptions of the Effectiveness of Text-Based Online Counseling: Mixed Methods Pilot Study
Authors: Navarro Pablo , Bambling Matthew , Sheffield Jeanie , Edirippulige Sisira 
Published: June 2019

Background
Young people aged 10-24 years are at the highest risk for mental health problems and are the least likely to seek professional treatment. Owing to this population’s high consumption of internet content, electronic mental (e-mental) health services have increased globally, with an aim to address barriers to treatment. Many of these services use text-based online counseling (TBOC), which shows promising results in supporting young people but also greater variance in outcomes compared with adult comparators.

Objective
This pilot study qualitatively explored the characteristics of users aged 15-25 years accessing TBOC services, their motivations for access, and their perceptions about factors believed to influence the effectiveness of these modalities.

Methods
E-surveys were administered naturalistically to 100 young service users aged 15-25 years who accessed webchat and email counseling services via an Australian e-mental health service. Thematic analysis of qualitative themes and quantitative descriptive and proportional data presented in electronic surveys were examined across the areas of user characteristics, motivations for selecting TBOC modalities, and their perceptions of TBOC effectiveness.

Results
Participants were predominately female high school students of Caucasian or European descent from middle socioeconomic status, living with their parents in major cities. Four domains and various themes and subthemes were related to participants’ reasons for accessing TBOC and perceptions of its effectiveness: user characteristics (ie, physical and mental health syndrome and perceived social difficulties), selection factors (ie, safety, avoidance motivation, accessibility, and expectation), factors perceived to increase effectiveness (ie, general therapeutic benefits, positive modality and service factors, and persisting with counseling to increase benefit), and factors perceived to decrease effectiveness (ie, negative modality and service factors, and persisting with counseling despite benefit).

Conclusions
Participants were motivated to use TBOC to increase their sense of safety in response to negative perceptions of their social skills and the response of the online counsellor to their presenting problem. By using TBOC services, they also sought to improve their access to mental health services that better met their expectations. Factors that increased effectiveness of TBOC were the counsellor’s interpersonal skills, use of text-based communication, and persisting with beneficial counseling sessions. Factors that reduced TBOC effectiveness were poor timeliness in response to service requests, experiencing no change in their presenting problem, not knowing what postcounseling action to take, and persisting with ineffective counseling sessions.
FORMULATION AND EVALUATION OF LIQUISOLID COMPACTS OF LORNOXICAM
Authors: Mokashi Asma Azaruddin , GAIKWAD SNEHALATA L. 
Published: June 2019

Objective: Objective of the present investigation was to enhance the solubility and dissolution rate of poorly water-soluble drug lornoxicam using liquisolid technique with comparative determination of in vitro release profile of liquisolid compacts and conventional formulation of lornoxicam.
Methods: Formulation was prepared by a liquisolid technique using different drug concentration in a liquid vehicle and different carrier/coating ratio. Prepared liquisolid compact was evaluated for Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectra analysis, differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), X-ray diffraction (P-XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and in vitro dissolution study.
Results: The result showed that liquisolid compacts of lornoxicam displayed significantly higher drug release rate as compared to pure drug and conventional tablet prepared. The results of both DSC and X-ray crystallography indicated loss of crystallinity of the drug upon formulated into the liquisolid compact.
Conclusion: Dissolution rate of the drug from liquisolid compacts was affected by changing the drug concentration and excipient ratio. The liquisolid technique appeared to be a promising approach for improving the dissolution of poorly soluble drug lornoxicam.
Viviendo con el mar: inestabilidad litoral y territorios en movimiento en La Barra, Pacífico colombiano
Authors: Galindo Orrego María Isabel 
Published: June 2019

En las playas de La Barra, a orillas del océano Pacífico colombiano, la vida acontece amarrada al movimiento del mar. La inquietud acerca de cómo se perfilan formas de habitar en medio del cambio permanente suscitado por el empuje del agua y cómo tal inestabilidad es asimilada por quienes la experimentan son las preguntas que
inspiran esta indagación. El artículo rastrea etnográficamente la formación de La Barra al compás de las mutaciones del entorno y explora las explicaciones que los saberes locales otorgan a dicha alteración. Desde una mirada antropológica que dialoga con la historia ambiental, este trabajo piensa la agencia humana en relación con las agitaciones de la naturaleza mediante una trama telúrica que liga la humanidad a las transformaciones de la tierra.
100-OR: Defective Mitochondrial Gene Expression in Brown Adipocytes Suppresses Food Intake by Batkine GDF15
Authors: WANG BIAO 
Published: June 2019

Adaptive thermogenesis fueled by mitochondrial respiration in brown adipose tissue (BAT) contributes to thermoregulation and energy expenditure. However, whether BAT can regulate energy balance beyond thermogenesis remains unknown. Here, we describe that the Leucine-rich PPR motif-containing protein (Lrpprc) specifically regulated mtDNA-encoded gene expression in brown adipocytes. Brown adipocyte-specific Lrpprc knockout mice (LrpprcBKO) exhibited electron transport chain proteome imbalance and defective β-adrenergic-stimulated adaptive thermogenesis at room temperature and thermoneutrality. Paradoxically, LrpprcBKO mice were lean at normal chow and were protected against high-fat-diet (HFD)-induced metabolic abnormalities at both ambient temperatures. Lrpprc-deficient brown adipocytes exhibited enhanced Atf4-mediated integrated stress response and GDF15 secretion. Blocking GDF15 partially reversed the food intake and adiposity phenotypes in HFD-fed LrpprcBKO mice at thermoneutrality. Collectively, our results reveal that specific reduction of mtDNA gene expression in brown adipocytes induces a trade-off between BAT thermogenic capacity and systemic metabolism, which is in part through a GDF15-mediated BAT-to-brain crosstalk. These new findings may provide new therapeutic strategies for combating metabolic disorders.

Disclosure
B. Wang: None.

Funding
National Institutes of Health; Larry L. Hillblom Foundation
1016-P: A Novel GLP-1 and FGF-21 Dual Agonist Drug Protects Mice from Obesity and Hyperglycemia
Authors: GILROY CASLIN A. , CAPOZZI MEGAN , SU JONATHAN C. , TONG JENNY , D’ALESSIO DAVID A. , CAMPBELL JONATHAN , CHILKOTI ASHUTOSH 
Published: June 2019

As the incidence of diabetes increases, the development of new therapeutic strategies is essential. Recent evidence supports combination therapies that incorporate complementary mechanisms of action as potent and effective. We have developed a unimolecular dual agonist by combining the incretin glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) and the metabolic regulatory factor fibroblast growth factor 21 (FGF-21). We hypothesized that this agent would merge the insulinotropic and anorectic effects of GLP-1 with enhanced insulin sensitivity and energy expenditure due to FGF-21 signaling. The dual agonist is a single polypeptide fusion, with GLP-1 located at the N-terminus and FGF-21 at the C-terminus. This orientation allows each peptide to activate its receptor, while the linear architecture enables facile synthesis in a bacterial expression system. Fused between GLP-1 and FGF-21 is an elastin-like polypeptide (ELP) that serves as both a flexible linker and a circulation-enhancing scaffold. The ELP used herein is designed such that it undergoes a thermally initiated phase transition triggered by body heat upon subcutaneous (s.c.) injection, resulting in a slow-dissolving drug depot. A single s.c. injection of GLP-1-ELP-FGF-21 into diabetic db/db mice significantly reduced ambient blood glucose levels from above 300 mg/dL to sustained levels below 150 mg/dL for 8 days. Db/db mice treated once-weekly for 4 weeks had mean body weights that were 24% and 16% lower than mice treated weekly with vehicle or long-acting GLP-1, respectively. Dual agonist treatment also conferred greater reductions in % HbA1c and circulating lipids. These results demonstrate the efficacy of a novel unimolecular drug to correct multiple metabolic abnormalities in a diabetic mouse model. Moreover, the improved outcomes compared to a GLP-1-based drug support the dual agonist mechanism. Incorporation of an ELP allows advantageous temporal control of drug delivery, thus making the GLP-1/FGF-21 dual agonist a promising new diabetes treatment.

Disclosure
C.A. Gilroy: Employee; Spouse/Partner; Becton, Dickinson and Company. M. Capozzi: None. J.C. Su: None. J. Tong: None. D.A. D'Alessio: Advisory Panel; Self; Eli Lilly and Company. Research Support; Self; Eli Lilly and Company, Merck & Co., Inc. J. Campbell: Research Support; Self; Eli Lilly and Company. Speaker's Bureau; Self; Merck Sharp & Dohme Corp. A. Chilkoti: Advisory Panel; Self; PhaseBio Pharmaceuticals, Inc.

Funding
National Institutes of Health