bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Experimental testing of a full-scale of group efficiency in multiple soil layers
Authors: Trung Le Thiet , Thuy Duong Diep , Anh Pham Viet 
Published: September 2019

Results of in-situ tests showed that the performance of single isolated piles and individual piles within a group is largely different. When piles are arranged in a group, the interaction between piles and the foundation depends on the pile arrangement and the pile group effect. To date, studies on the pile group effect in Vietnam have been limited to reduced-scale laboratory testing or static load testing where piles are installed into homogeneous sandy or clayey foundation. This paper presents in situ tests which were performed on both single piles and pile groups, loaded to failure, with the aim of studying the pile group effect of piles embedded in multi-layered foundation. Strain gauges were installed along the shaft of 10 m long steel pipe piles, with a diameter of 143 mm. The influence of loose sand layers on the group effect in case of friction piles was evaluated. The experimental results indicated that the influence of sand layers was evident, and the group factor was calculated to be 1.237.
Keywords:
group efficiency; pile groups; axial capacity; load transfer.
In-season variation in shoulder strength, movement and pain in elite cricketers: A cohort study
Authors: Peckitt J. , McCaig S. 
Published: September 2019

BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE: Shoulder injury is common in cricketers, with disorders of the upper-limb accounting for up to one fifth of the total number of injuries in modern-day cricket. Pain and cross-season loss of range of motion of the dominant side have been demonstrated in over-head throwing athletes, but only limited data exists concerning cricketers. We aimed to inform injury prevention and management strategies by determining whether elite cricketers demonstrated altered shoulder range or strength, and whether this related to pain presentation, across a competitive period. METHODS: Eighteen male professional county cricket players (mean±SD) aged 24.0±4.3 years, 1.8±0.1m height, and 83.6±7.7kg body mass underwent shoulder range-of-movement (ROM), strength, and pain assessment using the Kerlan-Jobe Orthopaedic Clinic (KJOC) Shoulder and Elbow score on two separate occasions at least 12 weeks apart (13.2±1.0), over the course of a competitive season. RESULTS: One third of all players tested reported playing with shoulder pain at some stage during season. Both dominant (20°±11.8°) and non-dominant (14°±14.7°) throwing arm Total Arc ROM increased between testing intervals ( p≤0.01), with significant concomitant increases in player external rotation (ER) ROM of both dominant (11.6°±8.4°) and non-dominant (8.8°±6.4°) throwing arms ( p≤0.01). The dominant shoulders of prospectively injured players demonstrated a reduction in ROM (mean Total Arc ROM difference of -17.3°±6.2° vs -0.6°±11.8°), and lower dominant ER:IR strength ratios mean ER 0.71±0.13 vs IR 0.93±0.21) at baseline testing compared to non-injured players. ER strength decreased in both arms ( p≤0.01), while ER:IR DOM strength ratios were significantly lower than at pre-season (mean loss of 16–18±21N/0.2±0.25 ER MVIC NBW per side, p≤0.05). CONCLUSION: Professional county cricket players exhibit increases in shoulder ROM and decreases in dominant throwing arm strength ratios across a competitive Cricket season. Pre-season differences in dominant vs non-dominant shoulder ROM and dominant throwing arm shoulder strength ratios appear to be associated with prospective onset of in-season shoulder trouble in the professional cricketers studied.
Analysis of the influence of various types and positions of pelvic belts on gait parameters in pregnant women with pelvic pain
Authors: Bertuit Jeanne , Feipel Véronique 
Published: September 2019

BACKGROUND: Many pregnant women develop pelvic pain during their pregnancy. Pregnancy can modify pelvic geometry while causing micro-mobility, leading to some instability, which will manifest itself through pain and an increase of tiredness when walking. Pelvic belts could restore stability and help reduce pain, thus facilitating motor activities such as walking. However, there are no guidelines on the use of pelvic belts. PURPOSE: The objective of this study was to compare the effects of two types of belts and several belt positions on gait parameters in pregnant women. METHODS: Forty-six pregnant women with pelvic girdle pain and 23 non-pregnant women were recruited. The motor task consisted in several gait trials at three different speeds, with and without pelvic belt. Temporal and spatial parameters were analysed. Two pelvic belts (narrow and flexible or broad and rigid) and several positions (high or low) were used. An analysis of variance for repeated measures (ANOVA) assessed the effects of group (pregnant/not pregnant), gait speed and belt. RESULTS: Gait parameters did not show any significant difference according to belt type or position. For pregnant women, gait velocity was reduced. Gait cycle phases were modified by an increase of stance phase and double support. Gait pattern displayed alterations during pregnancy. These changes favour a more stable and safe gait. Conclusion: There was no difference between belt positions (high and low) or between belt types (narrow and flexible or broad and rigid) on gait parameters. This suggests that all belt types and positions could be advised to pregnant women.
“There was no real importance put on them”. Experiences of multiparous women and pelvic floor muscle exercise (PFME) prescription. A qualitative study
Authors: Reynolds Nuala , Wilson Iseult M. 
Published: September 2019

BACKGROUND: Pregnancy is the main risk factor for the development of Stress Urinary Incontinence (SUI) which is known to have detrimental effects on quality of life in approximately 54.3% of women. The recommended treatment for SUI is to increase pelvic floor muscle strength, however, it is not clear why long-term adherence to pelvic floor muscle exercise (PFME) is poor. OBJECTIVES: To understand multiparous women’s experience of incontinence and the prescription of pelvic floor muscle exercise (PFME) in the ante and post-natal period on their first pregnancy, and the differences, if any, that they experienced on subsequent pregnancies. METHODS: Purposive sampling was used to recruit women who had two or more children. The 1 : 1 semi-structured interviews were recorded, transcribed verbatim and anonymised. Thematic analysis was undertaken by both researchers, independently, and the codes and themes were agreed by consensus. RESULTS: Women were not aware that PFME could prevent incontinence, and the education provided was not sufficient to enable adherence to a PFME program. PFME were prescribed by health professionals, but there was a lack of detail, and the importance of PFME was not emphasised on first or subsequent pregnancies. On subsequent pregnancies, women were more aware of PFME and incontinence, however, this education came from informal sources, not the health care professionals providing the ante or post-natal care. CONCLUSIONS: Health care professionals should include more information, and better guidance regarding PFMEs. Most of the information about PFMEs came from informal sources, especially on the second and subsequent pregnancies.
Sensorless Control Technique of Open-End Winding Five Phase Induction Motor under Partial Stator Winding Short-Circuit
Authors: Khadar Saad , Kouzou Abdellah , Rezzaoui Mohamed Mounir , Hafaifa Ahmed 
Published: September 2019

Open-end winding induction machines are gaining more attention in the last years due to their attractive advantages in the industrial applications, where high reliability is required. However, despite their inherit robustness, they are subjected to various electrical or mechanical faults that can ultimately reduce the motor efficiency and later leads to full failure. This paper proposes a method of modeling the five phase induction machine with open end stator winding taking into consideration the short-circuit fault between turns. The fault modeling is based on the theory of electromagnetic coupling of electrical circuits. In addition, a sliding mode observer is used to estimate the speed rotor. The idea of proposed backstepping strategy is used in this paper to allow to the studied machine to continue its operating state under short circuit fault between turns. The proposed sensorless control strategy is evaluated in terms of the healthy and faulty performances through the simulation results presented in this paper. The obtained results prove that the proposed sensorless control technique allows to the open-end winding five phase induction machine to continue its operation mode under the specified fault of partial short-circuit of the stator winding. This can be a very practical situation in the industrial applications, especially in the case where the maintenance is not easy and the operation of the industrial process should not be interrupted suddenly.
On the Probabilistic Characteristics of A Two Lane Slab-Type-Bridge Response Due to Traffic Flow
Authors: ANAGUE TABEJİEU Lionel Merveil , NANA NBENDJO Blaise Romeo 
Published: September 2019

In this study, the two first probabilistic characteristics of a two lane slab-type-bridge response due to traffic flow is investigated. A two lane slab-type-bridge is modelled by a Simply Supported (SS) thin rectangular plate with two separate rectilinear paths. The modelling of the traffic flow is based on the assumption that two opposite series of vehicles of random weights arrive at the bridge at random times that constitute the Poisson stochastic process and with the stochastic velocities. The expected value and the standard deviation of the bridge deflection are obtained. We demonstrate that the bridge safety strongly depends to the mean value and to the standard deviation of the vehicles velocities.
Où est le sens ? ou l'impossible feinte interénonciative
Authors: Groussier Marie-Line 
Published: September 2019

Where is meaning ? Tentative use and intersubjective constraint.
Verbs expressing intersubjective constraint are examined in four Indo-European languages : English, French, Latin and classical Greek. In all four, verbs expressing intersubjective constraint, particularly originating in the speaker, are replaced in the course of time by non-subjective verbs implying necessity. Such strikingly parallel developments may point to a common origin in enunciative tactics with one expression of constraint being substituted for another not unlike the "double-talk" tactics that underly polite forms. But in that event, where is meaning located ?
Une écriture ventriloque : le double jeu de l’intertextualité (Swift, Byatt, Ackroyd)
Authors: Bernard Catherine 
Published: September 2019

Three Cases of Ventriloquism , or the Double-dealing of Fiction (Swift, Byatt, Ackroyd)
The presence of the past proves more than a shadow in the texts of Swift, Byatt and Ackroyd. The re-creation or re-writing of a literary past is a metafictional instrument of the reassessment of the rhetoric of representation, but also opens a vast echo chamber in which past and present voices blend, writing becoming an exercise in ventriloquism which allows us to overhear new stylistic accents and which discloses the very fabric of make-believe and fiction. Through a reappraisal of cultural conventions, Swift, Byatt and Ackroyd develop a reflection on the very notion of identity, whether it be generic, cultural or aesthetic. Intertextuality thus becomes both a metafictional and a hermeneutic instrument in the exploration and reappropriation of the territories of fiction.
Pour une redéfinition du collage : poétiques et lectures poétiques américaines
Authors: Aji Hélène 
Published: September 2019

Toward a definition of coilaging : composition and reception in American poetry.
In an attempt to define the modalities of collage in poetry, in relation to the visual arts and above all to the Modernist poem, this paper reconsiders Ezra Pound's Cantos under the sign of compacting, questions the reduction of collage to mere practices of decomposition and recomposition, and opens the debate to the part played by procedures in the composition and reception of poems : as centred on textual generation as well as on the products of creation, Gertrude Stein’s text emerges as seminal in the construction of language poetry and Jackson Mac Low’s procedural poetry allows for a redefinition of collage and more generally of the poetic in terms of architecture.
Eamonn Wall et la mise en œuvre du collage : vers la construction d’un espace littéraire et identitaire.
Authors: Guibert Pascale 
Published: September 2019

Wall and the implementation of collage.
Eamonn Wall's poetry never ceases to explore the different stages leading to a collage : various ways of disconnecting, assembling and joining serve both as theme and formal structure. Indeed, reading the work of this poet born in Ireland and now living in the United States, it is clear that his personal life and his writings are indissociable. Both tend towards defining a specific hybrid identity. Enjambments, typographical signs, quotations, repetitions : these are some of the stylistic devices which we will pay attention to, here, in so far as they reveal the immigrant poet’s work of definition.
HEMŞİRELİK ÖĞRENCİLERİNİN HASTA GÜVENLİĞİ KONUSUNDAKİ BİLGİ DÜZEYLERİ
Authors: Özdemir Ülkü , Taşcı Sultan , Tekinsoy Kartın Pınar , Göriş Songül , Ceyhan Özlem , Doğan Nurhan 
Published: September 2019

ÖZET

Giriş:
Bu çalışma, hemşirelik
öğrencilerinin hasta güvenliği konusunda bilgi ve görüşlerini belirlemek
amacıyla planlandı.

Gereç
Yöntem: Araştırmanın örneklemini bir üniversitenin Sağlık
Bilimleri Fakültesi hemşirelik bölümünde okuyan 551 kişi oluşturdu. Veriler
anket formu ile
toplandı. Etik kurul onayı, kurum izni ve bireylerden yazılı olur alındı.

Bulgular: Çalışmaya katılan öğrencilerin çoğunun (%77.3) ise yetersiz düzeyde
bilgi sahibi olduğunu belirttikleri saptandı. Tıbbi hataları
önlemeye yönelik uygulamalar (%59.7) ve hata ile karşılaşıldığında izlenmesi gereken
yol konusunda (%44.8) çoğunun bir
fikri olmadığı tespit edildi. Çalışmaya
katılanların %89.3’ünün hasta güvenliğine ait riskleri belirleme, planlama,
uygulama ve değerlendirmenin hemşirelik rolü olduğunu ifade etmelerine rağmen %24.7’
sinin oluşturulmuş hasta güvenliği uygulamalarına destek olmayı hasta
güvenliğinde hemşirelik rolü olarak gördüğü belirlendi.

Sonuç: Sonuç olarak öğrencilerin çoğunun hasta güvenliğinde hemşirenin rolleri,
tıbbi hataları önlemeye yönelik
uygulamalar ve tıbbi hata ile karşılaşıldığında izlenmesi gereken yol konularında
bilgi gereksinimleri olduğu belirlendi.

Anahtar Sözcükler: Hasta güvenliği, hemşirelik
öğrencileri, tıbbi hatalar

ABSTRACT

Introduction:
This study was planned to determine the knowledge and opinions of nursing
students about patient safety.

Materials
and Methods: The sample of the study consisted of 551
people who were studying in the nursing department of the Faculty of Health
Sciences of a university. Data were collected by questionnaire. Ethics
committee approval, institution permit and written consent were obtained from
individuals.

Results:
Most of the students (77.3%) stated that they had insufficient knowledge. Most
of the students did not have any idea about practices to prevent medical errors
(59.7%) and the path to follow when dealing with errors (44.8%). Although 89.3%
of the participants stated that identify risks related to patient safety,
planning, implementation and evaluation were considered as nursing roles, 24.7%
of the participants considered to support the patient safety practices as a
nursing role in patient safety.

Conclusion:
As a result, it was determined that most of the students need
information about the roles of the nurse in patient safety, practices to
prevent medical errors and the path to be followed when dealing with medical
errors.

Keywords:
Patient safety, nursing students, medical mistakes
Niğde İlinde Güneş Enerjisi Santrallerinin Yaygınlaştırılması ve Sera Gazı Emisyonlarının Azaltılmasının Potansiyeli
Authors: SAK Tufan , GÖNEN Çağdaş , KARA Emine Erman 
Published: September 2019

Günümüzde modern toplumların elektrik enerjisi ihtiyacını karşılamak için kullanılan fosil türevli yakıtlardan hızla doğa dostu olan yenilebilir enerji kaynaklarına geçilmektedir. Fosil türevli yakıtların kullanılması sonucunda biriken sera gazları nedeniyle küresel iklim değişikliği ortaya çıkmıştır. Bunu yanında hava kalitesi de bozulmaya başlamıştır. Güneş enerjisi ekonomik ve teknik uygulanabilirlik açısından en yaygın olarak tercih edilen yenilebilir enerji kaynağı olarak günümüzde kabul görmektedir. Yapılan bu çalışmada Niğde ili için güneş enerjisinin elektrik enerji üretimli potansiyeli, ekonomik ve çevresel olarak uygulanabilirlik açısından incelenmiştir. İldeki mevcut arazi kullanım haritaları, tarım arazileri ve güneş radyasyon potansiyeli haritaları bir arada değerlendirilmiştir. İldeki tarım arazisi ve orman vasfını yitirmiş alanın sadece %3,4 güneş enerjisi üretimi için kullanıldığında gerekli olan elektrik enerjisi ihtiyacı karşılanabileceği hesaplanmıştır. Bu enerji yılda 435924 ton CO2 emisyonun atmosfere verilmeyeceği anlamına gelmektedir.
LRG-BEASTS: Transmission Spectroscopy and Retrieval Analysis of the Highly Inflated Saturn-mass Planet WASP-39b
Authors: Kirk James , López-Morales Mercedes , Wheatley Peter J. , Weaver Ian C. , Skillen Ian , Louden Tom , McCormac James , Espinoza Néstor 
Published: September 2019

Abstract
We present a ground-based transmission spectrum and comprehensive retrieval analysis of the highly inflated Saturn-mass planet WASP-39b. We obtained low-resolution spectra (R ≈ 400) of a transit of WASP-39b using the ACAM instrument on the 4.2 m William Herschel Telescope as part of the LRG-BEASTS survey. Our transmission spectrum is in good agreement with previous ground- and space-based observations of WASP-39b, and covers a wavelength range of 4000–9000 Å. Previous analyses of this exoplanet have retrieved water abundances that span more than four orders of magnitude, which in turn lead to conclusions of a subsolar or highly supersolar atmospheric metallicity. In order to determine the cause of the large discrepancies in the literature regarding WASP-39b’s atmospheric metallicity, we performed retrieval analyses of all literature data sets. Our retrievals, which assume equilibrium chemistry, recovered highly supersolar metallicities for all data sets. When running our retrievals on a combined spectrum, spanning 0.3–5 μm, we recovered an atmospheric metallicity of

× solar. We find that stellar activity has a negligible effect on the derived abundances and instead conclude that different assumptions made during retrieval analyses lead to the reported water abundances that differ by orders of magnitude. This in turn has significant consequences for the conclusions we draw. This is the fourth planet to be observed as part of the LRG-BEASTS survey, which is demonstrating that 4 m class telescopes can obtain low-resolution transmission spectra with precisions of around one atmospheric scale height.
Mapping Quasar Light Echoes in 3D with Lyα Forest Tomography
Authors: Schmidt Tobias M. , Hennawi Joseph F. , Lee Khee-Gan , Lukić Zarija , Oñorbe Jose , White Martin 
Published: September 2019

Abstract
The intense radiation emitted by luminous quasars dramatically alters the ionization state of their surrounding IGM. This so-called proximity effect extends out to tens of Mpc, and manifests as large coherent regions of enhanced Lyα (Lyα) forest transmission in absorption spectra of background sightlines. Here, we present a novel method based on Lyα forest tomography, which is capable of mapping these quasar “light echoes” in three dimensions. Using a dense grid (10–100) of faint (

) background galaxies as absorption probes, one can measure the ionization state of the IGM in the vicinity of a foreground quasar, yielding detailed information about the quasar’s radiative history and emission geometry. An end-to-end analysis—combining cosmological hydrodynamical simulations post-processed with a quasar emission model, realistic estimates of galaxy number densities, and instrument + telescope throughput—is conducted to explore the feasibility of detecting quasar light echoes. We present a new, fully Bayesian statistical method that allows one to reconstruct quasar light echoes from thousands of individual low-S/N transmission measurements. Armed with this tool, we undertake an exhaustive parameter study and show that light echoes can be convincingly detected for luminous (M
1450 < −27.5 mag, corresponding to m
1450 < 18.4 mag at

) quasars at redshifts 3 < z
QSO < 5, and that a relative precision better than 20% on the quasar age can be achieved for individual objects in the expected range of ages between 1 and 100 Myr. The observational requirements are relatively modest: moderate-resolution (R ≳ 750), multiobject spectroscopy at a low signal-to-noise ratio (S/N > 5) is sufficient, requiring three-hour integrations using existing instruments on 8 m class telescopes.
Massive White Dwarfs in the Galactic Center: A Chandra X-Ray Spectroscopy of Cataclysmic Variables
Authors: Xu Xiao-jie , Li Zhiyuan , Zhu Zhenlin , Cheng Zhongqun , Li Xiang-dong , Yu Zhuo-li 
Published: September 2019

Abstract
Previous X-ray observations toward the nuclear star cluster (NSC) at the Galactic center have discovered thousands of point sources, most of which were believed to be cataclysmic variables (CVs), i.e., a white dwarf (WD) accreting from a low-mass companion. However, the population properties of these CVs remain unclear, which otherwise would provide important information about the evolutionary history of the NSC. In this work we utilize ultra-deep archival Chandra observations to study the spectral properties of the NSC CVs, in close comparison with those in the solar vicinity. We find that the NSC CVs have strong Fe xxv and Fe xxvi lines (both of which show equivalent widths ∼200–300 eV), indicating metal-rich companions. Moreover, their Fe xxvi to Fe xxv line flux ratio is used to diagnose the characteristic WD mass (M
WD) of NSC CVs. The results show that the CVs with

erg s−1 have a mean M
WD of ∼0.6/1.0 M
⊙ if they are magnetic/nonmagnetic CVs; while those with

between 1 and 6 × 1031 erg s−1 have a mean M
WD of ∼0.8/1.2 M
⊙ if they are magnetic/nonmagnetic CVs. All these Chandra detected CVs collectively contribute ∼30%–50% of the unresolved 20–40 keV X-ray emission from the NSC. The CV population with massive (i.e., M
WD ∼ 1.2 M
⊙) WDs have not been observed in the solar vicinity or the Galactic bulge, and they might have been formed via dynamical encounters in the NSC.