bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Impact of additional AMDAR data in the AROME-France model during May 2017
Authors: Doerenbecher Alexis , Mahfouf Jean-François 
Published: September 2019

Abstract. From 1 May 2017 until 15 June 2017, the E-AMDAR operational service from EUMETNET disseminated more commercial aircraft data than usual on the Global Telecommunication System (GTS). Météo-France specifically requested the implementation of such a trial. It lead to an increase in the number of aircraft data over France, especially vertical profiles (ascents and descents). Though Météo-France routinely buys additional data with respect to the basic E-AMDAR service, this trial aimed at assessing the potential of French airlines to produce further data in collaboration with E-AMDAR and yield an observation network as dense as possible.
This was the opportunity to check the impact of these additional data on forecast skill scores of the limited area and convective scale model AROME-France. A data denial experiment (OSE) was carried out on May 2017, by removing E-AMDAR profiles (about 14 % of data) to mimic the routine observing system. The reference was the operational AROME-France 3D-Var that assimilated all extra data in real-time. However, no dedicated flag allowed to distinguish supplementary data from routine ones. Therefore, a necessary step of the experimental methodology was to identify which data profile could be considered as supplementary. The examination of forecast skill scores from the denial experiment showed that the impact of the removal of the additional observations is rather small and mixed, depending upon the parameter of interest, the atmospheric level, and the forecast range. The case studies done did not exhibit any particular additional skill for the suite with augmented observations. The experimental set-up is described and the results are discussed on the basis of forecast scores, including precipitation scores. Finally, a number of recommendations are given for a more optimal assimilation of AMDAR data in the AROME-France model.
Evaluation of leaf-level optical properties employed in land surface models
Authors: Majasalmi Titta , Bright Ryan M. 
Published: September 2019

Abstract. Vegetation optical properties have a direct impact on canopy absorption and
scattering and are thus needed for modeling surface fluxes. Although plant functional type (PFT) classification varies between different land surface
models (LSMs), their optical properties must be specified. The aim of this
study is to revisit the “time-invariant optical properties table” of the
Simple Biosphere (SiB) model (later referred to as the “SiB table”) presented
30 years ago by Dorman and Sellers (1989), which has since been adopted by
many LSMs. This revisit was needed as many of the data underlying the
SiB table were not formally reviewed or published or were based on older
papers or on personal communications (i.e., the validity of the optical
property source data cannot be inspected due to missing data sources,
outdated citation practices, and varied estimation methods). As many of
today's LSMs (e.g., the Community Land Model (CLM), the Jena Scheme of Atmosphere
Biosphere Coupling in Hamburg (JSBACH), and the Joint UK Land Environment
Simulator (JULES)) either rely on the optical properties of the SiB table or
lack references altogether for those they do employ, there is a clear need
to assess (and confirm or correct) the appropriateness of those being used
in today's LSMs. Here, we use various spectral databases to synthesize and
harmonize the key optical property information of PFT classification shared
by many leading LSMs. For forests, such classifications typically
differentiate PFTs by broad geo-climatic zones (i.e., tropical, boreal,
temperate) and phenology (i.e., deciduous vs. evergreen). For short-statured
vegetation, such classifications typically differentiate between crops, grasses, and photosynthetic pathway. Using the PFT classification of the
CLM (version 5) as an example, we found the optical properties of the
visible band (VIS; 400–700 nm) to fall within the range of measured values.
However, in the near-infrared and shortwave infrared bands (NIR and SWIR; e.g., 701–2500 nm, referred to as “NIR”) notable differences between CLM default and
measured values were observed, thus suggesting that NIR optical properties
are in need of an update. For example, for conifer PFTs, the measured mean
needle single scattering albedo (SSA, i.e., the sum of reflectance and
transmittance) estimates in NIR were 62 % and 78 % larger than the CLM
default parameters, and for PFTs with flat leaves, the measured mean leaf
SSA values in NIR were 20 %, 14 %, and 19 % larger than the CLM defaults.
We also found that while the CLM5 PFT-dependent leaf angle values were
sufficient for forested PFTs and grasses, for crop PFTs the default
parameterization appeared too vertically oriented, thus warranting an
update. In addition, we propose using separate bark reflectance values for
conifer and deciduous PFTs and demonstrate how shoot-level clumping
correction can be incorporated into LSMs to mitigate violations of turbid
media assumption and Beer's law caused by the nonrandomness of finite-sized
foliage elements.
Sementes crioulas e socioagrobiodiversidade: experiências camponesas em Orizona e Vianópolis – GO
Authors: Ribeiro Welington Martins , Ribeiro Dinalva Donizete 
Published: September 2019

As variedades crioulas estão presentes em diversas Comunidades camponesas no Brasil. Elas são vetoras de conhecimentos tradicionais, diversificam a produção, a renda, a alimentação e as práticas socioculturais, potencializando a socioagrobiodiversidade. Em duas Comunidades localizadas no estado de Goiás identificamos seis famílias guardiãs de variedades e, por meio da observação participante e de entrevistas, constatamos que, no total, são cultivadas 146 variedades de plantas e criadas três espécies de animais crioulos - diversidade considerada elevada. O manejo está associado a práticas agroecológicas e/ou orgânicas e o uso das variedades favorece o modo de vida camponês nas Comunidades.
Palavras-chave: variedades crioulas, socioagrobiodiversidade, campesinato, agroecologia.
Pluriatividade em assentamentos rurais: forma de exclusão, inclusão ou permanência no campo?
Authors: Soares Juliana Abadia Prado , Peixinho Dimas Moraes 
Published: September 2019

A organização da produção no rural tem sido marcada por uma diversificação que vai da especialização à pluralidade de atividades, da produção em grande empresa à produção em pequenas propriedades. A organização na pequena propriedade voltada para agricultura familiar produz uma dinâmica que envolve atividades agrícolas, para-agrícolas e não agrícolas. A combinação de práticas agrícolas/para-agrícolas e não agrícolas, em uma mesma propriedade, aparece como uma opção para os agricultores familiares assentados, prática que é denominada como pluriatividade. A intenção desse artigo é analisar diferentes perspectivas buscando compreender o papel da pluriatividade para o agricultor em condição de assentamentos. Pretende-se destacar os pontos positivos e negativos das práticas pluriativas e, por fim, responder se a pluriatividade em assentamentos pode ser uma forma de exclusão, inclusão ou permanência no campo, a partir de estudos teóricos e empíricos. O recorte espacial é Microrregião Geográfica Sudoeste de Goiás, nos Assentamentos Agrovila Rio Verdinho no munícipio de Rio Verde (GO) e Nossa Senhora de Guadalupe no munícipio de Jataí (GO).
Palavras-chaves: Pluriatividade, Agricultura familiar, Assentamentos.
Maná, carisma e hierofania: compreensões do sagrado para a Geografia da Religião
Authors: Santos Silva Avacir Gomes dos 
Published: September 2019

O espaço não é a priori. A apreensão dele ocorre em função das espacialidades geográficas. Mas como construímos as concepções de espaço? Por que o categorizamos entre sacralidades e profanidades? Os conceitos de maná, carisma e hierofania, referentes à manifestação do sagrado, direcionam-nos para o entendimento do espaço geográfico como contributo do fenômeno religioso. Assim, nosso intuito é analisar como a formulações desses conceitos foram significativas à consolidação da Geografia da Religião. Para tanto, recorremos aos estudos comparativos dos clássicos de Émile Durkheim: “Formas elementares da vida religiosa” (2008); de Marx Weber: “Sociedade e Religião” (2009); de Mircea Eliade: “O sagrado e Profano” (2010) e de Zeny Rosendahl: “Hierópolis” (2009), entre outros. Numa primeira aproximação pontuamos a existência, a diferenciação e qualificação dos espaços sagrados e profanos defendidas por esses autores. Somente com essas classificações cognitivas o homem dos tempos primordiais conseguiu se localizar e configurar o espaço. Dessa herança passamos a formular os conhecimentos geográficos até chegarmos na Geografia da Religião.
Palavras-chave: Imagens. Espaço Sagrado. Espaço Profano. Hierofania.
Caracterização espaço-temporal das tipologias vegetais em ambiente de caatinga degradada: quantificação por meio de variáveis biofísicas
Authors: Da Silva Glauciene Justino Ferreira , De Macêdo Mônica Larissa Aires , Da Silva Richarde Marques 
Published: September 2019

As características climáticas do Semiárido influenciam fortemente a dinâmica da cobertura vegetal e dos solos, além de variáveis ambientais como albedo e índices de vegetação, entre outras. Pesquisas no Semiárido paraibano têm sido realizadas aplicando metodologias para análise dessas variáveis, sobretudo com base em dados orbitais que têm subsidiado o monitoramento das diferentes paisagens no bioma Caatinga. Assim, esse artigo teve como objetivo analisar a distribuição espaço-temporal e a quantificação do albedo da superfície e do índice de vegetação SAVI, em diferentes tipologias vegetais de caatinga na Bacia Experimental de São João do Cariri-PB. Foram utilizadas imagens do sensor TM/Landsat-5. Os resultados mostraram que a estimativa do albedo foi influenciada pela distribuição espacial das tipologias vegetais, o que evidenciou o nível de degradação das terras, enquanto os valores obtidos com a estimativa do SAVI não apresentaram o padrão geralmente definido para a reflectância da vegetação nos períodos chuvosos ou secos na área de estudo.
Palavras-chave: sensoriamento remoto, degradação, Semiárido.
The Wounds of Time: Phenomenology and the Problem of the Unconscious in Merleau-Ponty's Passivity Lecture
Authors: Whitmoyer Keith 
Published: September 2019

ABSTRACT
This article elaborates a theory of the unconscious inspired by Maurice Merleau-Ponty and Marcel Proust. Prima facie, the unconscious seems to present an important phenomenological difficulty: the unconscious as something that by definition does not appear, can mean nothing. Merleau-Ponty finds resources for addressing this anxiety in Proust. The unconscious is not the result of a mechanism that generates another, concealed “I think” but is the operation of time in perceptual experience, the loss of the past as it withdraws into oblivion. This loss is irrecuperable, indeed a “wound” that opens up and for which there is no healing.
At the Opening of Madness: An Exploration of the Nonrational with Merleau-Ponty, Foucault, and Kierkegaard
Authors: Venable Hannah Lyn 
Published: September 2019

ABSTRACTThis essay offers the beginnings of a taxonomy of madness through the analysis of three different approaches: the phenomenological, the historical-structural and the existential-religious. While there have been many avenues by which the Continental tradition has sought to counter the understanding that madness is inaccessible and unintelligible, these methods are often restricted to viewing madness from one particular angle. By using this tri-perspectival approach, I argue that insight into madness exposes the diverse forms of the nonrational, which I define as the prerational, the irrational, and the suprarational. Each of the forms reveals the reliance on the nonrational in several areas of the human condition, including displays of mental disorders, dynamic structures of society, and experiences of extreme faith. Through these descriptions, we see how expressions of madness immediately bring to the surface the way the nonrational plays an integral role in the common human condition.
The Literary Relation to the Other in the Greek Tragic Text
Authors: Maley Ian 
Published: September 2019

ABSTRACT
Following Charles Segal, I argue in this essay that there is an essential textual relation to the Other at the heart of Greek tragic drama. Instead of locating the origin of tragic performance in the being of the poet and poetic truth (á la Nietzsche or Heidegger), I argue that the use of scripts in Greek tragedy indicates an irreducible graphic element of dramatic performance, which I conceptualize in terms of Blanchot's conception of the Oeurve and the impossible relation of writer and reader. The Dionysian element of tragedy, I argue, has an irreducible graphic dimension in the use of scripts and masks. Following this theoretical and historical analysis, I offer several avenues for studying the textuality of Greek tragic drama and the ways that the Greek tragic text turns toward the essence of poetry itself.
Proposed development of a damage-resisting Eccentrically Braced Frame with rotational active links
Authors: Khan Mahbub H. , Clifton G. Charles 
Published: September 2019

Eccentrically Braced Frames (EBFs) are widely used seismic-resisting systems, as they allow both strength and stiffness to be optimised while providing good ductility capacity. However, in theory they have a low damage threshold in severe earthquakes and post-earthquake repair of conventional EBFs will be difficult and expensive.
This paper presents the Numerical Integration Time-History (NITH) analysis of two ten storey EBF buildings; one with a conventional active link and the other with a new form of low damage active link based on rotational sliding bolted plates. The low damage active link can be designed to allow rotation only, or to allow both rotation and axial extension. The conventional active link response in terms of displacement, rotation and inelastic demand was well within the range of the rotational active links under the records considered. The analysis shows that average maximum displacement of the building and rotation of the link for both the rotational and the rotational+extension active links was almost identical. The extension of the rotational active link permitting axial extension was less than 1.5 mm. Axial load demands on the collector beams and braces were similar in the case all three active links.
It can be concluded from the analysis that the rotational active link with extension is not required, as the lateral extensions can be accommodated within the rotational plates with nominal clearances in the bolt holes to accommodate the lateral extension.
Listening deeply to public perceptions of Restorative Justice
Authors: Vaandering Dorothy , Reimer Kristin 
Published: September 2019

Listening deeply to public perceptions of Restorative Justice: what can researchers and practitioners learn?
This article explores public perceptions of restorative justice through the examination of media articles and negative online reader comments surrounding a high-profile incident in a Canadian university in which a restorative process was successfully engaged. Utilising relational discourse analysis, we identify how restorative justice is presented in the media and how that presentation is taken up by the public. Media representations of restorative justice create understandings among the public that are profoundly different from how many restorative justice advocates perceive it. The aim of this article is to examine media representations of restorative justice and how these are received by the public so that we can respond constructively.
Looking beneath the iceberg: can shame and pride be handled restoratively in cases of workplace bullying
Authors: Braithwaite Valerie , Ahmed Eliza 
Published: September 2019

Looking beneath the iceberg: can shame and pride be handled restoratively in cases of workplace bullying
Central to restorative justice interventions that follow revised reintegrative shaming theory (Ahmed, Harris, Braithwaite & Braithwaite, 2001) is individual capacity to manage shame and pride in safe and supportive spaces. From a random sample of 1,967 Australians who responded to a national crime survey, 1,045 completed a module about bullying experiences at work over the past year, along with measures of shame and pride management (the MOSS-SASD and MOPS scales). Those who identified themselves as having bullied others were pride-focused, not shame-focused. They were more likely to express narcissistic pride over their work success, lauding their feats over others, and were less likely to express humble pride, sharing their success with others. In contrast, victims were defined by acknowledged and displaced shame over work task failures. In addition to these personal impediments to social reintegration, those who bullied and those targeted had low trust in others, particularly professionals. While these findings do not challenge macro interventions for culture change through more respectful and restorative practices, they provide a basis for setting boundaries for the appropriate use of restorative justice meetings to address particular workplace bullying complaints.
How framing past political violence affects reconciliation in the Basque Country
Authors: Bobowik Magdalena , Páez Darío , Basabe Nekane , Slawuta Patrycja 
Published: September 2019

How framing past political violence affects reconciliation: through responsibility attributions and in-group victimhood - the Basque case
The present study examines the impact of reminders of political violence with and without an apology on the desire for intergroup revenge in the context of political violence in the Basque Country. We expected attributions of responsibility and perceived in-group victimhood to explain these effects. A total of 257 Basque adults were assigned to three conditions: no reminder, reminders of political violence without an apology and reminders of political violence with an apology. Results showed that, as compared to no reminder condition, reminders of political violence without an apology led to assigning more responsibility to police forces and the Spanish state and less responsibility to Euskadi Ta Askatasuna (ETA) and Basque nationalism, as well as increased perceptions of in-group victimhood and the desire for intergroup revenge. Reminders of political violence accompanied by an apology activated less assignment of responsibility to police forces and the Spanish state, but more responsibility attributions to ETA and Basque nationalism, as well as activated perceptions of in-group victimhood. As expected, there was a sequential indirect effect of reminders without an apology (but not with an apology) on revenge through responsibility attributions and then perceptions of in-group victimhood. We discuss implications of these findings for intergroup relations in post-conflict contexts.
Reconciliation potential of Rwandans convicted of genocide
Authors: Barnes-Ceeney Kevin , Leitch Laurie , Gideon Lior 
Published: September 2019

Reconciliation potential of Rwandans convicted of genocide
This study examines the reconciliation potential of Rwandans incarcerated for the crime of genocide. Utilising survey data from 302 male and female prisoners incarcerated in the Rwandan Correctional System, this study explores genocide perpetrators’ depression, anxiety, anger-hostility and somatic symptoms, levels of posttraumatic stress, degree of social support and attitudes towards unity and reconciliation. The data demonstrate that engaging in killing can have deep psychological impacts for genocide perpetrators. The data indicate that although more than two decades have passed since the genocide, perpetrators are experiencing high levels of genocide-related posttraumatic suffering. Perpetrators are persistently re-experiencing genocide, purposefully avoiding thoughts and memories of the genocide, and experiencing physical and emotional arousal and reactivity. The sample had a strong desire for all Rwandans to live in peace and unity. There is, however, an urgent need for physical and mental health interventions, as well as services that facilitate the rebuilding of family relationships well in advance of release. Improving the physical and mental well-being of both perpetrators of the genocide and victims can only be a positive development as Rwanda continues to build a unified, reconciled and resilient future.
Transformando um Mundo Selvagem: Ajudando Crianças e famílias em Face à Negligência na Província de Quebec, Canadá
Authors: Lacharité Carl 
Published: September 2019

A Negligência é um problema social complexo, com graves consequências para o cumprimento das necessidades de uma criança, pelos adultos que compõem a família da criança e da rede social - não só pais, mas outros adultos que entram em contato com a criança (incluindo profissionais). Os sistemas de proteção da criança tem dificuldade em identificar e criar programas de atendimento pela complexidade das relações sociais envolvidas. Na verdade, eles apresentam uma tendência a concentrar-se sobre as deficiências dos pais em relação à sua responsabilidade para com os seus filhos. Este artigo descreve a fundamentação teórica de um modelo ecossistêmico e de desenvolvimento que tem como base os serviços integrados de negligência infantil em Quebec, no Canadá. Também descreve os componentes e atividades que visam operacionalizar esse modelo ecossistêmico e o modelo de desenvolvimento de negligência infantil.
A teoria de Margaret Mahler sobre o desenvolvimento psíquico precoce normal.
Authors: Riani Anna , Caropreso Fatima 
Published: September 2019

Este artigo tem como objetivo abordar a teoria sobre o desenvolvimento psíquico precoce de Margaret Mahler e contribuir para a compreensão de seu lugar de destaque junto aos mais importantes autores psicanalíticos que investigaram o desenvolvimento infantil. Mais especificamente, ele busca fornecer uma visão sistemática do processo do desenvolvimento psíquico precoce normal em crianças de 0 a 3 anos segundo Mahler. Em um primeiro momento, apresentamos o lugar da autora no cenário da psicanálise infantil e descrevemos a metodologia de pesquisa utilizada por Mahler e colaboradores em seus estudos clínicos e empíricos do desenvolvimento infantil. Em seguida, apresentamos os três níveis propostos pela autora em sua teoria do desenvolvimento psíquico, a saber, “desenvolvimento normal”, “crises inerentes ao desenvolvimento” e “psicose infantil”. Por fim, descrevemos fase por fase como se dá o primeiro desses níveis (desenvolvimento psíquico normal) na primeira infância.
ENSINO DE FILOSOFIA: DESAFIOS E POSSIBILIDADES DA DOCÊNCIA NO ENSINO MÉDIO NA CONTEMPORANEIDADE
Authors: Santos Fabio Ronaldo Meneghini dos 
Published: September 2019

Desde o retorno da obrigatoriedadeda disciplina de Filosofia ao Ensino Médio, a partirda homologação da Lei Nº 11.684, de 2 de Junho de 2008desafios são enfrentados na docência da disciplina,dentre estes estão a desvalorização da Filosofia, o preconceito e a discriminação da mesma enquanto disciplina do currículo.Um dado importante é que ao ingressar em um curso de licenciatura em Filosofia o estudante não tem presente a realidade escolar e curricular que muitas vezes desafia o docente quanto ao sentido do ensino de filosofia. O que regularmente acontece é que somente após o início do período de estágio obrigatório que há a possibilidade de experimentações práticas de organizar o planejamento para a atividade de ensino,também é nesse momento que nos deparamos com situações nada fáceis tanto para o docente quanto para o estagiário.Tais situações referem-se principalmente a recorrente necessidade de justificar a importância da filosofia perante as outras áreas do conhecimento. Pensamos que apartir desse contexto no qual a docência em filosofia está inserida é preciso problematizar e apontar de que modo é possível a filosofia na escola, considerando de que modo a multiplicidade existencial do jovem estudante do ensino médio interfere na docência da filosofia.