bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Krieg auf Kosten anderer. Wehrmachtfinanzierung in Griechenland während des Zweiten Weltkriegs / War at the Expence of Others Financing the „Wehrmacht“ in Greece during the Second World War
Authors: Kilian Jürgen 
Published: October 2018

Abstract
After Greece had been conquered by the troops of the Axis Powers in spring 1941, they installed a rule of occupation existing until october 1944. The Government in Athens had to finance this occupation by making payments in advance and besides, making a forced credit available. This method led to an exorbitant overloading of the Greek economy and to a galloping inflation.
The German Tax and Finance Ministry played an important, yet hardly noticed role as to the concrete implementation of the monetary exploitation. Almost unknown documents throw a light on the financing of the German Wehrmacht during WW II. Besides, the real burden on the Greek economy shall be estimated and connected with the general questions of war financing in the Third Reich.
Griechenlands EG-Beitritt aus der Sicht der Regierung Schmidt/Genscher (1976–1982) / The Federal Government of Schmidt and Genscher and the Entry of Greece to the European Communities (1976–1982)
Authors: Szatkowski Tim 
Published: October 2018

Abstract
The government of the Federal Republic of Germany under Chancellor Schmidt and Foreign Minister Genscher supported Greece’s joining of the European Communities which took place at the beginning of 1981, more than every other EC member state. This essay shows that primarily political motives played a role. Under the conditions of the East/West conflict the Federal Government hoped to win a reliable ally and to strengthen the southeast flank of the NATO. Doubts resulted from possible financial burdens and social problems as a result of the freedom of movement agreed on by contract for Greek employees. However, these worries weren’t decisive at the end. Economic aspects not least were disregarded negligently. The question whether Greece was capable of the joining because of serious structural difficulties received little attention. The government Schmidt/Genscher thought to be able to overcome all problems with the transfer of financial resources which especially the Greek government under Prime Minister Papandreou demanded.
„Balkan-Wien“ – Versuch einer Verflechtungsgeschichte der politischen Emigration aus den Balkanländern im Wien der Zwischenkriegszeit (1918–1934) / “Balkan Vienna” – Reflections on an Histoire croisée of Political Emigration from the Balkans to Vienna during the Interwar Period (1918–1934)
Authors: Schmitt Oliver Jens 
Published: October 2018

Abstract
This paper follows “Balkan Vienna”, a media phenomenon as well as a media construct created both by the Viennese press and from the perspective of the Balkans themselves. The decline of the once brilliant capital of the great empire into a hotbed of revolutionaries and terrorists was recorded in Belgrade with scorn and fear. In Vienna, the press addressed these events in terms that sought to distance the capital from the southeast. However, at the same time the Viennese press admired the political activists from the Balkans, exoticising them as heroes. Thus, the press externalised Austrian domestic contradictions through their discussions of Balkan politics. By reporting scandal and sleaze, the press perpetuated the image of Vienna as a refuge for revolutionary activities and “typical Balkan” violence. “Balkan Vienna” is thus a social and political place, one of local, national, transnational, Balkanic and European linkages. As such, it is part of a new discourse, which relocates the internal and external view of Vienna and Austria on the mental map of Europe.
Transylvania’s Estate Assemblies in the 13th and 14th Centuries
Authors: Pop Ion-Aurel 
Published: October 2018

Abstract
The author argues that the Transylvanian Romanians participated - at least from time to time - during the 13th and the 14th centuries, at the exercise of the power in their country, together with the noblemen, the Saxons and the Szeklers. This participation took place in the framework of the official general assemblies (congregationes generales) of the land of Transylvania (regnum Transilvanum). The gradual exclusion of Romanians as a group from the general assemblies of Transylvania, which took place around 1366–1437, was mainly an act of religious and not of ethnic significance. But this exclusion started to create a special state of mind in the country which has prepared the future ethnic discrimination from the modern times.
Karl Krumbachers serbische Schüler / Karl Krumbacher’s Serbian Students
Authors: Maksimović Ljubomir 
Published: October 2018

Abstract
At the time after Karl Krumbacher had founded the first modern center for Byzantine studies in Munich, the base for development of up-to-date medieval studies in Belgrade was already under construction. In the years before and after the Seminar for Byzantine studies was founded (1906) at the Belgrade University, some young scholars from Serbia were sent in different occasions to Krumacher’s Institute in order to deepen their abilities in byzantine and medieval studies. Among them, six names should be mentioned for their extraordinary contribution to the research progress: Božidar Prokić, Dragutin Anastasijević, Filaret Granić in byzantine studies and Stanoje Stanojević, Vladimir Ćorović, Nikola Radojčić in medieval studies. All of them habe been learning Krumbacher’s sophisticated methodological approach, introducing it in Belgrade either in pure byzantine studies or in medieval studies in a broader sense. Through their publications and teaching work Krumbacher’s influation brought a great support to development of the research in the above mentioned fields.
Die Geltendmachung der Geschäftsführerhaftung durch die Kommanditisten bei der GmbH & Co. KG
Authors: Mock Sebastian 
Published: October 2018

Die GmbH & Co. KG als häufigster Fall der kapitalistischen Personengesellschaften steht ebenso wie jeder andere Verband vor dem Problem der tatsächlichen Durchsetzung von Organhaftungsansprüchen, da auch bei der GmbH & Co. KG die für die Geltendmachung der Organhaftung zuständigen Verwaltungsmitglieder in der Regel selbst unmittelbarer Haftungsadressat sind und daher einem Interessenkonflikt hinsichtlich der Geltendmachung unterliegen. Die bei allen Gesellschaftsformen zur Überwindung dieses Interessenkonflikts entwickelte Gesellschafterklage (actio pro socio) steht bei der GmbH & Co. KG vor dem besonderen Problem, dass die geschäftsführende Gesellschafterin (= Komplementär-GmbH) selbst durch ihren Geschäftsführer vertreten wird und dieser als Geschäftsführer der KGZum Verhältnis des Geschäftsführers zur KG IV. 2. b). somit nur in einer mittelbaren Beziehung zu der Kommanditgesellschaft und zu den an der Geltendmachung der Organhaftung interessierten Kommanditisten steht. Die Möglichkeit der Geltendmachung der Organhaftung des Geschäftsführers der Komplementär-GmbH durch die Kommanditisten würde diesen daher gestatten, Ansprüche geltend zu machen, die ihren Ursprung nicht in dem Gesellschaftsrechtsverhältnis der Kommanditgesellschaft, sondern im Be- bzw. Anstellungsverhältnis zwischen der Komplementär-GmbH und ihrem Geschäftsführer haben.
Carotenoid Presence Is Associated with the Or Gene in Domesticated Carrot
Authors: Ellison Shelby L , Luby Claire H , Corak Keo E , Coe Kevin M , Senalik Douglas , Iorizzo Massimo , Goldman Irwin L , Simon Philipp W , Dawson Julie C 
Published: October 2018

Abstract
Ellison et al. provide the first evidence that the genomic region bearing the Or gene is involved in the presence of carotenoids in carrot. Using a global collection of diverse carrot accessions, they identify 12 genomic regions...
Carrots are among the richest sources of provitamin A carotenes in the human diet, but genetic variation in the carotenoid pathway does not fully explain the high levels of carotenoids in carrot roots. Using a diverse collection of modern and historic domesticated varieties, and wild carrot accessions, an association analysis for orange pigmentation revealed a significant genomic region that contains the Or gene, advancing it as a candidate for carotenoid presence in carrot. Analysis of sequence variation at the Or locus revealed a nonsynonymous mutation cosegregating with carotenoid content. This mutation was absent in all wild carrot samples and nearly fixed in all orange domesticated samples. Or has been found to control carotenoid presence in other crops but has not previously been described in carrot. Our analysis also allowed us to more completely characterize the genetic structure of carrot, showing that the Western domesticated carrot largely forms one genetic group, despite dramatic phenotypic differences among market classes. Eastern domesticated and wild accessions form a second group, which reflects the recent cultivation history of carrots in Central Asia. Other wild accessions form distinct geographic groups, particularly on the Iberian peninsula and in Northern Africa. Using genome-wide Fst, nucleotide diversity, and the cross-population composite likelihood ratio, we analyzed the genome for regions putatively under selection during domestication and identified 12 regions that were significant for all three methods of detection, one of which includes the Or gene. The Or domestication allele appears to have been selected after the initial domestication of yellow carrots in the East, near the proposed center of domestication in Central Asia. The rapid fixation of the Or domestication allele in almost all orange and nonorange carrots in the West may explain why it has not been found with less genetically diverse mapping populations.
Ecología trófica y rasgos ecomorfológicos de Triportheus magdalenae (Characiformes: Triportheidae) en el embalse El Guájaro, cuenca baja del río Magdalena, Colombia
Authors: Morales Jenny , García-Alzate Carlos Arturo 
Published: October 2018

This study integrated morphological characteristics and trophic ecology of Triportheus magdalenae in the El Guájaro reservoir, Atlántico, lower Magdalena River Basin, Colombia, based on the analysis of stomach contents and ecomorphological attributes. Five samplings were made between September 2014 and February 2016 considering each phase of the flood pulse. The fish were sampled using traditional fishing gear such as nets and trawls. The index of food importance (IAi %) was used to establish the dietary habits of the species, and the variation of the diet at interspecific level, and the vacuity coefficient (CV %) was also calculated. The Levins index standardized by Hurlbert (BA) was used to evaluate the amplitude between sizes, sex and hydrological phases. The oropharyngeal structures and the digestive tract were characterized, which together with morphological measurements, allowed and analyze 11 ecomorphological traits related to the use of habitat, such as position in the water column, and the exploitation of a particular trophic resource. The relationship between the ecomorphological traits and the diet of the species was analyzed by canonical correspondence analysis (CCA). We analyzed 89 individuals (34 - 124 mm SL). Triportheus magdalenae was classified as carnivore/zooplanktivore, and has a narrow trophic niche (BA = 0.12). Showed a high exploitation of zooplankton (95.9 % IAi), mostly Cladocera (Ceriodaphnia sp.) and Copepoda (Notodiaptomus sp. and Thermocyclops sp). The youngest juveniles (34 - 190 mm SL) also consumed allochthonous insects (3.4 % IAi).The ecomorphological traits that contributed the most to this trophic specialization were the relative length of the gillrakers (LRBE) and the number of gillrakers (NBE), which varied significantly from the smaller to the larger ones, with an increase in both number as well as in length as individuals grow, which explains the strongly marked degree of specialization on zooplankton in adults, since they present a greater degree of efficiency in the process of filtering. The vacuity coefficient was high (54 %), which could be associated with a decrease in the density of zooplankton populations, especially during the time of lower waters strongly influenced by the EL NIÑO event, however the observed diet (22 items food) corresponded to 80 % of the diet estimated (28 estimated food items).
Insect galls from Córdoba, central Argentina: a case where stem galls predominate
Authors: Kuzmanich Nicolás , Giorgis Melisa , Salvo Adriana 
Published: October 2018

Galls are structures produced by plants in response to the activity of several types of organisms. Gall-inducing species have a close relationship with their host plant, as their habitat is largely restricted to the gall and the plant organ in which it develops. All plant organs are susceptible to gall induction by insects, the leaves being the most vulnerable. Knowledge about interactions between gall-inducing insects and plants is fragmented and incomplete in Argentina. In this study, we completed an inventory of galls induced by insects on plants in Córdoba (central Argentina) using information from field surveys and a review of the literature. We also focused on the frequency of plant-insect taxonomic associations and plant organs most commonly attacked by gall-inducing insects. Field surveys were performed systematically in 26 sites of Chaco Serrano, which were visited five times in two consecutive years, and in17 sites of the province, which were sampled one or two times each. A comprehensive literature search of electronic and conventional databases was also conducted to complete the inventory. A total of 99 gall morphospecies on 58 plant species (21 families and 44 genera) were recorded through both field surveys and a literature review, enlarging the list of species available for the region by almost 50 %. Asteraceae and Fabaceae were the plant families most attacked by galling insects, in partial concordance with the most species-rich plant families in the region. Diptera, particularly the family Cecidomyiidae, was the most species-rich group in the community of galling insects, which is in agreement with different studies across the globe. Baccharis was the genus displaying the highest number of gall morphotypes, followed by Acacia, Condalia, Geoffroea, Prosopis and Schinus. Almost 60 % of the morphotypes were stem galls, a pattern uncommon in the literature. Fusiform and globoid-shaped galls were predominant. Our study highlights the scarce knowledge there is about the interactions between plants and gall-inducing insects in Argentina, particularly those involving species of Cecidomyiidae, with more than 30 undescribed species. Possible mechanisms involved in the predominance of stem galls in central Argentina are discussed.
'Gender, Power and Political Speech: Woman and Language in the 2015 UK General Election'. By Deborah Cameron and Sylvia Shaw
Authors: Fan Lei , Fan Weiwei 
Published: October 2018

Gender, Power and Political Speech: Woman and Language in the 2015 UK General Election By Deborah Cameron and Sylvia Shaw (2016) Basingstoke: Palgrave Macmillan, 140pp.
A Modeling Study on Surface Roughness of Spinneret Mold Sections Machined By WEDM
Authors: KANCA Erdoğan , TAŞKIN Volkan Cem , GÜNEN Ali 
Published: October 2018

The wire electrical discharge machining (WEDM) is widely used in the cutting of Bulk Continuous Filament (BCF) spinneret molds. Because of the low surface roughness of the spinneret molds obtained by the WEDM method, it ensures that the polypropylene material has a steady flow, volume and cross-sectional shape. Since the yarn extruded from the sections on the BCF acquire a number of physical and visual properties surface roughness of these molds have a great of importance. In this context, a new model was developed to predict the surface quality of spinneret mold sections machined using WEDM by Analysis of variance. Machining parameters such as voltage, current, pulse time and wire feed rate were used as independent input variables and surface roughness was used as dependent output parameters. Contribution of input variables into the output variable determined by means of analysis of variance (ANOVA). Developed mathematical model estimations have been found to be in good agreement with the measured ones. The parameters with the most effect on surface roughness are listed as voltage, current, pulse, and feed, respectively.
Clinical and laboratory profile of dengue fever in hospitalized children among South Indian population
Authors: Badabagni Raghava , Sethi Rajesh Kumar 
Published: October 2018

Background: Dengue fever is currently regarded globally as one of the most important mosquito-borne viral diseases. Children suffering from dengue fever shows a large variation in clinical features and laboratory parameters. This study was focused to evaluate the clinical presentation, associated laboratory and radiological profiles that may be useful to diagnose dengue fever.Methods: Prospective observational study including 500 children with serological positive dengue fever admitted in a tertiary care hospital in South India.Results: In this study mean age of presentation of children with dengue fever was 8.4±1.2 years with male predominance. The incidence of children presenting with DF, DHF and DSS was 61%, 23% and 16% respectively. The most common symptom was fever in 100% patients followed by vomiting in 69%, abdominal pain in 64.2%, bleeding manifestations in 43% and periorbital pain in 28.8% of patients. The NS1 was positive in 39.2% cases, dengue IgM in 29% of cases and IgG positive in 30.4% cases. By ultrasonography it was observed that 34% of patients had ascites, 28% with pericholecystic edema, 12% with bilateral pleural effusion, 10% with right sided Pleural effusion and hepatomegaly and 5% with splenomegaly. The most common cause of death was cardiorespiratory arrest secondary to DIC.Conclusions: Detection of Ns1 antigen to diagnose dengue is proposed to be superior when compared to antibodies detection. It is also concluded that diagnosis of dengue should be made comprehensively by clinical examination with supporting laboratory and radiological investigations.
Value of examination of the gastric aspirate for the diagnosis of neonatal infection
Authors: Yadav Meetu , Gupta Raksha , Singh Jasbir , Saraswath Sameer , Nagaraj Niranjan , Bana Sailen Kumar 
Published: October 2018

Background: Infections in early neonatal period are one of the important factors responsible for high perinatal mortality and neonatal morbidity in developing countries. This study aims to know the role of Gastric aspirates cytology in predicting the early septicemia in newborn babies.Methods: The study will be conducted on 100 neonates with suspected septicemia and 50 normal neonates admitted to neonatology section. Gastric aspirate sample was collected for sepsis screening of neonates. All the collected data was tabulated and statistically analysed by using SPSS 2.0 software.Results: The sensitivity of gastric aspirate cytology is 50%, specificity 65.62%, positive predictive accuracy 47.6%, negative predictive accuracy of 67. 7%. The relationship between gastric aspirate cytology and maternal risk factors was found to be statistically not significant except PIH and PROM in which association is significant. The relationship of prolonged rupture of membranes with gastric aspirate cytology was found to be highly statistically significant.Conclusions: The chances of positivity of gastric aspirate increase as the duration of rupture of membranes increased. Gastric aspirate had high percentage of specificity and negative predictive accuracy. No specific and significant correlation between positive gastric aspirate cytology and rural/urban area, birth weight, sex, gestation, prolong labour, meconium stained amniotic fluid, mode of delivery was found.
FINANCE AND TECHNOLOGY: KEY CHALLENGES FACED BY SMALL AND MEDIUM ENTERPRISES (SMES) IN OMAN
Authors: Al Buraiki Mr. Abdullah , Rahman Khan Dr. M. Firdouse 
Published: October 2018

Purpose: The objectives of the study were to critically investigate the challenges faced by SMEs; to analyze SMEs difficulties during adopting new technologies and to critically investigate the difficulties in the form of policies and procedures.
Design/methodology/approach: For this research study, purposive sampling methodology was adopted. Using a well-defined questionnaire, 257 samples were collected from all over Oman. The data collected was recorded, tabulated, summarized and the tests – Chi-square tests, Kolmogorov-Smirnov tests and regression analysis were carried to obtain the results.
Findings: The study reveals that most of the respondents got delay in the commencement of business due to lack of finance. It is also revealed that the SMEs are in dire need of technical support at the time of commencement of their businesses and need support to establish IT infrastructure.
Research limitations/Implications: The study suggests that the adequate support from General Authority for SMEs can change the scenario of setting up of the SMEs in a smooth transition and the interim advances by the financial institutions can help them avoid time lag.
Social implications: The study suggests that the Governmental authority should monitor and follow up SMEs to avoid the SME units becoming sick and provide technical support, guidance and nurse the units, if they become sick. Also, the licensing for the SME units should be made easier through single window system.
Originality/Value: Only a very few have examined the main challenges faced by SMEs in Oman. Our study includes selected samples of SMEs and not the micro enterprises. The study can further be extended to all the MSMEs in all the regions / Governorates of Oman.
The analysis of articles and thesis published on school-based management in Turkey
Authors: Tasar Haci Huseyin 
Published: October 2018

This research aims to generally analyse theses and articles written on school-based management in Turkey. The research is descriptive and has been conducted by means of document review. The data of the research have been obtained from nine articles, which were published by the database of ULAKBIM National, Social and Human Sciences, and from eight masterâ€™s theses in full texts which are recorded in the Thesis Data Centre of Council of Higher Education. The researched articles and theses have been subjected to content analysis in terms of the publication year, type of research, method of research, data collection tools, sample/study groups, sample size, data analysis techniques, type of university where the theses were written, the number of article writers and the number of sources used. It has been concluded that the articles and theses examined were mostly in the type of research-review, that the sample size was generally selected from teachers and administrators.
Keywords: School-based management, article, thesis, analysis, Turkey.
Speech anxiety in guidance and psychological counselling department students
Authors: Altunkaya Hatice 
Published: October 2018

The objective of the present study is to reveal the effect of the activity-based oral presentation course on the speech anxiety of Guidance and Psychological Counselling Department students. In the quantitative study conducted with a single group pre-testâ€“post-test model, the data were collected with â€˜Speech Anxiety Scale for Pre-Service Teachers.â€™ Based on the analysis conducted on the sub-dimensions of the above-mentioned scale, it was determined that studentsâ€™ post-test psychological state scores () were higher than pre-test psychological state scores (), post-test physiological symptoms scores () were higher than pre-test physiological symptoms scores (), post-test anxiety scores () were higher than pre-test anxiety scores () and post-test speech anxiety scores () were higher than pre-test speech anxiety scores (). Based on this determination, several recommendations were made for the oral expression course.

Keywords: Oral expression, speech, speech anxiety, activity-based instruction.