bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Efficacy and Safety of a Combination of Cinnarizine and Dimenhydrinate in the Treatment of Vertigo
Authors: Kiran Dr. Mayuresh , Pawaskar Mr. Lalit 
Published: March 2019

Introduction and Background: Vertigo is a medical condition where a person feels as he/ she or the objects around them are moving when they are stable and not moving. Antihistamines, Calcium antagonists, histamine analogs (eg, betahistine derivatives), diuretics, neuroleptics as well as other psychotherapeutic drugs, corticosteroids agents and hemorheologics can be used for the treatment of Vertigo. Combination of Cinnarizine which is a selective calcium-channel blocker and Dimenhydrinate which is an H 1 antihistaminic drug can be used in combination for the treatment of vertigo. This clinical study was conducted to evaluate the efficacy and safety of combination of Cinnarizine 20 mg and Dimenhydrinate 40 mg in patients of vertigo of age group 18 to 65 years.
Methodology: Out of total 216 patients, 168 completed the study. Efficacy assessment was made by analysing the reduction in vertigo symptom score (VSS). Safety assessment was made by analysing the adverse events experienced by the patient or observed by the investigator during trial.
Results: Reduction in VSS from 7.277 (baseline) to 3.975 (day 3) and 0.987 (day 5). At visit 2 and visit 3 there was reduction of 45.373 % and 86.426 % in mean VSS score.
Conclusion: A combination of Cinnarizine 20 mg and Dimenhydrinate 40 mg is safe and efficacious in the treatment of vertigo.
Relation of BMI and Body Fat Percentage with Nutritional Status of Adolescents
Authors: D. Godia Dr. Haresh , Nikam Dr. Lalit H 
Published: March 2019

Aims: Relation of BMI and Body Fat Percentage with Nutritional Status of Adolescents in first year medical students.
Materials and Methods: Study was carried out in Tertiary Care Hospital and Seth G S Medical College Parel Mumbai. 100 1st year M.B.B.S. students were selected for study group contains 50 males and 50 females. Studies carried out on adolescents are very limited and it is needed to assess the nutritional status of adolescents. An attempt has therefore been made in the present study to
Conclusion: From the present study it is concluded that 72% of females and 78% of males are well nourished; 8% of females and 6% of males are over nourished and 20% of females and 16% of males are under-nourished. Considering the consequences or morbidity and mortality associated with undernourishment; corrective steps in the form of improvement in dietary pattern should be undertaken and for over-nourishment; in addition to rectification of diet, more stress should also be laid on doing physical activity. For Adolescent: BMI- Cutt off points as suggested by WHO should be followed rather than following the adult BMI values as the adult BMI value give a high estimate prevalence of malnutrition.
Tzanck Smears and Its Diagnostic Utility - An Institutional Experience
Authors: Kumar K.T Dr. Athulya Krishna , Aboobacker Dr. Kalathingal Kamarunisha , H.S Dr.Kiran , Agarwal Dr. Vishal 
Published: March 2019

Aim: Tzanck smear is a simple test that gives reliable information in many varieties of skin lesions and can be used for quick, preliminary diagnosis of a number of cutaneous dermatoses. The aim of this study was to analyse the usefulness of tzanck smears in the diagnosis of cutaneous dermatoses and correlate the findings, clinically as well as histopathologically.
Materials and Methods: Retrospective analysis of all tzanck smears received during the time period of 2 years (January 2016- January 2018), was carried out. The smears were assessed with regard to its correlation to the clinical diagnosis. Corroboration of the tzanck smear findings were also evaluated with respect to the histopathological diagnosis, in cases were skin biopsy was done.
Results: A total of 70 tzanck smears were performed during our study period. Out of 29 cases of pemphigus, the tzanck smears corroborated with 22 cases. Non-specific findings were obtained in clinically suspected cases of pemphigoid. Out of 25 suspected herpetic infections, the characteristic tzanck smear findings were observed in 11 of them. Tzanck smear findings correlated with 13 out of the 19 cases of histopathologically confirmed pemphigus lesions.
Conclusion: Tzanck smear test is a rapid, inexpensive and useful tool to aid in the diagnosis of clinically suspected vesico bullous, pustular and erosive skin lesions. It also serves as a useful adjunct to histopathological evaluation of skin biopsies, especially immuno-bullous skin disorders.
Childhood Intussusception: Timely Management Leads to Decreased Surgical Risk
Authors: Dr. Arun Kumar Gupta, Dr. Vinita Chaturv Dr. Sunil Kumar Mehra, Dr. Dinesh Kumar Barolia, 
Published: March 2019

Intussusception is the most common cause of intestinal obstruction in infants and children in < 1yr of age (1). Intussusception cases usually reported late therefore operative procedure was inevitable and results in significant morbidity and mortality. By this study we emphasized on timely transfer of intussusception case to a pediatric surgical center so as to decrease surgical risk. The surgical morbidity was low in those who were admitted early or directly to our center.
Methods - We retrospectively reviewed cases of intussusception in children <15 years. Children were treated from October 2015 to December 2107 at pediatric surgery department of SMS medical college Jaipur Rajasthan. Age, sex, month of admission, symptom with duration, diagnostic methods, and treatment modalities were recorded and analyzed.
Results - We studied 300 patients with intussusception.272 (90%) were treated surgically. We recently started ultrasonography guided pneumatic reduction and 24(85.7%) out of 28 treated successfully by it. Out of the patients requiring surgery 202 (67.34%) patients were reduced by per-operative manual reduction and in 60(22%) patients resection and anastomosis with 10(3.6%) treated with resection and ileostomy. 25.34% cases have delayed diagnosis and lately transferred from peripheral hospitals requiring resection and diversion.
Conclusion - In conclusion, Intussusception cases usually reported late therefore high likelihood of surgical management. The patients who underwent resection have longer duration of hospital stay.
The Attitudes of Nursing Students towards Patients Who Attempt Suicide: A Study from Central India
Authors: Ghormode Deepak , Gupta Pramod , Singh S. K. , Ratnani Devendra 
Published: March 2019

Background: Suicide being a global health issue, the attitudes and beliefs of the healthcare professionals towards these attempters have significant effect on the outcome of the treatment.
Objectives: Aim of the study was to assess the attitude of nursing students towards patients with suicide attempt.
Materials and Methods: The study had a cross sectional design of 284 nursing students who were randomly recruited from the two institutions. Suicide opinion Questionnaire was administered.
Results: Most were young single females, from rural locality, who were pursuing either BSc Nursing or GNM courses. Very few had previous exposure to suicide prevention training programmes. More than half of the students showed favourable attitude towards patients with suicidal attempt. Majority of students showed favourable attitudes for more than half of the attitudinal statements giving importance to the mental illness, disturbed family life, and depression and risk factors for suicide attempt. Unfavourable and uncertain attitude was noticed for a few of the statements.
Conclusions: The nursing students showed favourable attitude towards patients with suicide attempts. More educational and training programs are therefore needed in these students for improving the uncertain and unfavourable responses to a few of these attitudes for better management of these patients.
Relationship between Blood Pressure and Nutrition in Adolescents
Authors: D. Godia Dr. Haresh , Nikam Dr. Lalit H 
Published: March 2019

Aims and Objectives of study: This study was confined to healthy groups. Care was taken to exclude persons suffering from obvious disease and/ or recent history of illness Aims and Objective of present study are:-

To find out BMI males and females
To find out systolic and diastolic blood pressure in males and females.

The various parameters which are studies are as follows:-

Standing height in cms
Weight in kgs.
Resting pulse rate
Resting systolic blood pressure in mm of Hg.
Resting diastolic blood pressure in mm of Hg.
Body Mass Index.

Background - The study was conducted in GSMC medical college and Tertiary care Hospital. Total 100students were selected for study, out of 50 were male students and 50 were female students.
Evaluation of Adjuvant Biomarkers in Acute Myocardial Infarction
Authors: M. V Varghese , S. B Gaikwad , M. M. Fawade , M. A. Bhattacharya 
Published: March 2019

Background: Acute myocardial infarction (AMI) is one of the dreadful complications of cardiovascular disease causing increasing mortality worldwide. The alterations (increase or decrease) of intracellular and extracellular enzymes or components in developing phase of disease are called markers. Variations in biochemical markers like Cardiac Troponins - T (ctnl) creatine kinase may correlate with the extent of myocardial damage in Acute myocardial infarction (AMI).
Aim and Objectives: This study was undertaken to evaluate serum sodium, potassium, urea and creatinine as adjunctive parameters along with cardiac markers, which probably help in better prognosis of AMI.
Material Methods: 100 subjects were included in this study with confirmed diagnosis of recent AMI by the physicians and 100 healthy persons visiting hospital for routine checkup. Blood samples of both group were analyzed for serum urea by Diacetylmonoxime, creatinine by Jaffe's, &sodium & potassium by flamephotometry uing Bio- Lab Diagnostic Kit Methods. Whereas cardiac troponin - T was done by chemiluminescence immunoassay (CLIA) on Lumax hormone analyser and CKMB by kinetic kit method.
Results: There were statistically significant decreased levels of serum sodium (P<0.0001) potassium (p<0.0001), and elevated levels of urea (p<0.0001) and creatinine (0.0001) observed in AMI. Both established cardiac markers Trop- T and CKMB were extremely statistically significantly increased (p<0.0001) as compared to control group.
Conclusion: This study showed association of routine blood tests such as urea, creatinine, sodiumand potassium hence can be used as supplement information with regard to treatment and better prognosis of AMI patients or these could be cost effective time saving adjuvant markers in management of myocardial infarction.
Hormones in HIV- Pregnant Women
Authors: Mishra Dr. Asha , Agnihotri Dr. Madhuri A. , Ratnani Dr. Rekha 
Published: March 2019

Background - HIV infected pregnant women are placed on antiretroviral drugs for treatment and to avoid maternal to child transmission of HIV. This effect of HIV infection on pregnancy hormones within 24 weeks of pregnancy compare with normal pregnant women.
Aims and Objectives - estimate testosterone, Luteinizing hormone (LH), Follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) and Prolactin (Prl) in HIV pregnant women compare to normal Healthy pregnant women.
Result - The level of hormones in normal pregnant women and HIV positive pregnant women. Hormone level in HIV pregnant women were significantly decreased found compare to normal pregnant women.
Conclusion: On the basis of our study we concluded that the hormone levels were significantly decreased found in HIV pregnant women due to hormones are affected by HIV / AIDs. The bidirectional interactions between hormones and the immune system contribute to both the outcome of pregnancy and female susceptibility to disease.
An Epidemiological Study of Malnutrition and Its Associated Factors in School Going Adolescents of District Ghaziabad, Uttar Pradesh
Authors: Gunjan Dr. Kumar , Arya Dr. Vimal , Arya Dr. R K 
Published: March 2019

Introduction: Today, the world faces double burden of malnutrition that includes both under nutrition and overweight, especially in developing countries. Malnutrition, especially in adolescent and young women, not only effects the growth and development in this generation but also in the next. This study has been designed with the objectives to assess the nutritional status and various socio-demographic variables in the adolescent population and their association with nutritional status of the adolescents in Ghaziabad, Uttar Pradesh.
Material and Methods: The study was carried out during November 2013 to October 2014 in higher secondary schools in urban area of district Ghaziabad by Department of Community Medicine, Santosh Medical College, Ghaziabad. Multistage sampling technique was used. 50 subjects from each school were questioned with self-administered well-designed pre-tested and close-ended questionnaire. Data was coded and transferred to a master chart and simple and association tables were prepared and analysed with appropriate statistical tests like Chi-square test with Yates correction.
Results: It was found that out of the total 550 adolescents, the majority of the adolescents (64%) were male while females added up to 36% of the total. The association between age and nutritional status of adolescents was statistically insignificant. The association between socio-economic status and nutritional status of adolescents was statistically insignificant.
Relation of Vitamins in Diabetes Melliatus
Authors: Lotake Dr. Vaibhav D. , Barsode Dr. Supriya 
Published: March 2019

Introduction
Diabetes is a chronic metabolic disorder which is linked to energy metabolism, particularly carbohydrate and fat. Obesity and physical inactivity are shown to be the major risk factors for type 2 diabetes (T2DM). Oxidative stress may also contribute to increase in blood glucose levels, thus contribute to the pathogenesis of T2DM by increasing insulin resistance or impairing insulin secretion.[1] The consequences and complications of diabetes are due to imbalance between free radical formation and their control by natural antioxidants.[2] Thus nutrients having antioxidant function are important in disease development and control also non oxidant vitamins have also shown relationship with diabetes.[3] Long-term treatment of diabetic patients with metformin may cause a higher risk of developing vitamin B-12 deficiency.[4] Vitamin A plays important role as antioxidant, thus helping to maintain the organism’s homeostasis when subjected to various forms of stress.[5] Vitamin B6 consists of a group of three compounds: Pyridoxal, pyridoxine and pyridoxamine, and their corresponding phosphorylase forms and the active form of this vitamin is pyridoxal-5’-phospate (PLP). In new diabetic patients lower PLP concentrations were found as compared to non-diabetic persons.[6] Niacin or B3, Nicotinic acid is a component of NAD and NADH, which are essential for ATP production and energy efficiency at the cellular level and has been found to increase HDL-cholesterol, decreases TG and LDL cholesterol.[7] As T2DM is an oxidative stress disease; vitamin B12 and folic acid deficiencies in diabetic subjects have been found associated to oxidative stress so it is conceivable that vitamin B12 deficiency should be considered a risk factor for diabetic complications.[8] Plasma vitamin C concentrations have been inversely correlated to glycosylated hemoglobin and fasting and postprandial blood, Vitamin C has also been shown to reduce anxiety levels.[9] and supplementation for 3 months of vitamins C and E decreases hypertension, blood glucose while increasing superoxide dismutase and glutathione levels.[10] Vitamin D may play an important role in modifying the risk of diabetes.[11] The role of vitamin D in the function of pancreatic cells can be mediated by the union of 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D to its receptors in the beta cell.[12]
A Statistical Analysis of Alleged Sexual Assaults - Its Attributes and Aftermaths
Authors: Paul Dr. Biswadeep , Haflongbar Dr. S. , Patowary Dr. A. J. 
Published: March 2019

Sex related offences against females are universal phenomena and constitute the most shocking reprehensible crime against conscience and morality and attack on human dignity and subjugation of the fairer sex. Psychiatric disturbances, venereal diseases, attempted suicides, unwanted pregnancies; lust murder and interpersonal violence constitute far flung consequences of sexual offences including sexual assault and violence. Inspite of stringent laws including POCSO, Sexual Harassment of Women at Workplace (Prevention, Prohibition and Redressal) Act and Criminal Law Amendment Act, sex crimes, rape and child abuse are on the rise. To analyse the antecedents and aftermaths, a statistical study was carried out on 93 female victims of alleged sexual offences who had consented for medical examination and study, on being brought to the Department. of Forensic Medicine, GMCH. Our study revealed that most of the victims were between 15 to18 years of age group with 30.11% of cases, 58.06% cases were Hindus, from urban areas with 52.69% cases, 48.39% were students, from lower socio-economic background with 73.12% cases and 79.57% were unmarried. Most of the sexual assaults occurred in the Month of September and 36.56% of the offenders were neighbours. A total of 60.22% cases had hymenal tears and 5.38% cases showed presence of spermatozoa in microscopic examination of vaginal, oral and anal smears. Comprehensive analysis of precipitating factors and evaluation of social, economic and psychological factors along with suggestion and remedial measures is the need of the hour for the benefit of the society in general and individuals in particular.
Instrumentation in Potts Spine: A Two Year Retrospective Study in CCM Medical College and Hospital Durg
Authors: Trivedi Dr. Adarsh 
Published: March 2019

Most of the patient suffering from tuberculosis can be managed on anti-tuberculous therapy. Spinal TB patients can present with various signs and symptoms which include leg or back pain, palpable mass in the paraspinal region, kyphotic deformity and neurological compromise, out of these most important sequelae of TB spine are kyphotic deformity and neurological compromise. The spinal cord undergoes intrinsic changes due to tuberculosis and late-onset paraplegia is produced, with consequent poor chances of neural recovery even after surgery. When treatment is started the diseased segment of the spine or vertebral body is the weakest portion and it must be protected by suitable external braces. Fracture and dislocation of a diseased vertebral body may occur secondary to mechanical trauma and surgical decompression adds further instability. So indications for instrumented stabilisation can be advised. Surgical management or instrumentation in Pott’s spine helps regain motor function and ameliorates disability. Material and Methods: 38 patients were included with Thoracic and Thoracolumbar Pott's disease. Included patients were having severe kyphosis with an active disease. Clinical evaluation of the outcome measures were evaluated at baseline, postoperatively and at 3rd, 6th and 1 year. Preoperative and postoperative X-ray, loss of kyphotic correction. Average operation time, bony fusion and implant failure were observed. Results: During study period total 1456 patients were diagnosed as TB out of which 99 were extra pulmonary cases and 58 were diagnosed as pott’s spine with thoracic and thoracolumbar TB and 38 patients were included in the study who meet the inclusion criteria for our study. In our study of the 38 patients 18 were male and 20 were female patients. Mean age was 43.82. In Dorsal group D1 to D4, D5 to D8 and D9 to D12 involvement was seen in 4(10.53%), 10 (26.32%) and 13 (34.21%) respectively. Multi-segment involvement was observed in 3 (7.89%) patients. Dorsolumbar and lumbar involvement was seen in 5 patients. In lumber, L1 to L2, L2 to L3, L3 to L4 and L4 to L5 involvement was 1(2.63%), 0, 1(2.63%) and 2 (5.26%) respectively. Mean operation time was 290±41minutes and mean hospital stay was 16 days ranging from 8 days to 72 days. 34 patients had a successful bony fusion within a mean of 7±1.2 months, whereas 4 patients had late fusion or nonfusion because of secondary infections. Mean preoperative kyphosis was 21 degrees which was corrected to 9 degrees in final follow up after instrumentation. Conclusion: Instrumented stabilisation is safe in spinal TB. Posterior transpedicular approach is a safe surgical procedure for thoracic and thoracolumbar Pott's spine. Also Posterior transpedicular approach shows improved functional status and significantly improves neurological pain and fusion rate. However clinical trials with a larger sample size and a longer follow-up period are required.
Primary Perivascular Epithelioid Cell Tumor (Pecoma) of Bladder: Case Report and Review of Literature
Authors: MD Rigvardhan , Khanna, MD Shiv Pankaj , Deb, MD Prabal 
Published: March 2019

Perivascular epithelioid cell neoplasms (PEComas) represent a rare family of neoplasms. Their dichotomous phenotypic features, including both myogenic and melanocytic features can make a definitive diagnosis difficult. So far 15 cases of PEComa urinary bladder have been reported. We describe a case of PEComa bladder for its rarity along with review of literature.
Anaesthesia for Caesarean Section in a Jehovah’s Witness with Antepartum Haemorrhage: A Case Report
Authors: Okubuiro Eze Onyegbule , Okoli Chinwe Edith 
Published: March 2019

FN, a 29-year-old gravida 3 Para 2+2 female (with no live child), member of Jehovah’s Witness sect had emergency Caesarean section under general anaesthesia with endotrachael intubation for abruptio placentae at 35 weeks of gestation.
Preoperative and postoperative packed cell volume (PCV) was 28% and 9% respectively. She received erythropoietin and iron dextran infusions. Patient developed anaemic heart failure on 3rd post-operative day which was managed successfully. She recovered completely and was discharged home on the 28th post-operative day. Management dilemmas specific to the Jehovah’s Witness parturient with abruptio placentae are discussed.
To Compare the Supraclavicular and Infraclavicular Approaches of Brachial Plexus Block for Upper Limb Surgery Using 0.05mg of Dexmedetomidine and 30ml of 0.5% Ropivacaine
Authors: Kaur Dr. Balwinder , Grewal Dr Tejinderpal Kaur , Aggarwal Dr. Shelly 
Published: March 2019

Purpose: This prospective study is to compare the supraclavicular and infraclavicular approaches of brachial plexus block for upper limb surgery using 0.05mg of dexmedetomidine and 30ml of 0.5% ropivacaine. Method: This prospective, randomized controlled trial was conducted at Govt. Medical College, Rajindra Hospital, Patiala on sixty patients in two groups (group S and group I) of 30 each of 18 to 65 yrs of age of either sex of ASA grade I or II scheduled for upper limb surgery. In both supraclavicular and infraclavicular approach the drug injected was 30ml of 0.5% ropivacaine and 0.05mg of dexmedetomidine. Result: We found that in patients with comparable demographic parameters there was no statistically significant difference in hemodynamic parameters, onset and duration of sensory and motor block, duration of analgesia and patient satisfaction score between the groups. There was no statistically significant difference in the quality of block in either group. No episode of pneumothorax, Horner’s syndrome or local anaesthesia toxicity occurred in any of the group. Accidental vascular puncture occurred in four out of thirty patients in supraclavicular group and none in infraclavicular group. Conclusion: This study concluded that infraclavicular approach is more safe than supraclavicular approach in upper limb surgeries (elbow proximally to hand distally).