bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Soft tissue augmentation at immediate implants using a novel xenogeneic collagen matrix in conjunction with immediate provisional restorations: A prospective case series
Authors: Sanz‐Martín Ignacio , Encalada Carolina , Sanz‐Sánchez Ignacio , Aracil Javier , Sanz Mariano 
Published: December 2018

AbstractBackgroundCollagen matrices used around immediate implants may reduce morbidity although there is limited evidence on their performance.PurposeTo evaluate soft and hard tissue changes when combining immediate implants, hard and soft tissue grafting, and an immediate provisional restoration.Material and MethodsIn 12 patients, immediate implants were placed in the anterior maxillary and first premolar area together with a xenogeneic bone substitute. Then a xenogeneic collagen matrix was placed under the buccal mucosal margin with an immediate provisional restoration. Study casts and clinical measurements were taken before extraction (Baseline/BS) at 6 months (6M) and 12 months (1Y) after implant placement. Files from the scanned casts were matched to calculate the linear and volumetric changes at the buccal tissues. Cone Bean Computed Tomographies (CBCTs) were taken prior to extraction and at 6M. The superimposed DICOM files allowed for assessing hard tissue changes and the superimposition of DICOM and STL files allowed for evaluating of soft tissue thickness at BS and 6M.ResultsAfter 6 months, the horizontal tissue contours decreased 0.66 ± 0.57 mm, concomitant with a horizontal bone loss of 1.31 ± 1.32 mm, measured 1 mm below the most coronal aspect of the ridge. In contrast, the soft tissue thickness, 1 mm below the gingival margin, increased 0.75 ± 1.12 mm. At 1‐year, tissue contours had decreased 1.01 ± 0.67 mm compared to BS reaching statistical significance. The mean volume loss after 1Y was 20.43 ± 11.70 mm3 while the mean mucosal margin recession was 0.86 ± 0.67 mm. These changes had a limited clinical impact as the PES Scores remained stable.ConclusionsThe tested protocol resulted in a significant reduction of the tissue contours and osseous ridge dimensions that was partially compensated by a non‐significant increase in soft tissue thickness.
Consensus and controversies regarding follow‐up after treatment with curative intent of nonmetastatic colorectal cancer: a synopsis of guidelines used in countries represented in the European Society of Coloproctology
Authors: Bastiaenen V. P. , Hovdenak Jakobsen I. , Labianca R. , Martling A. , Morton D. G. , Primrose J. N. , Tanis P. J. , Laurberg S. ,   the Research Committee and the Guidelines Committee of the European Society of Coloproctology (ESCP)
Published: December 2018

AbstractAimIt is common clinical practice to follow patients for a period of years after treatment with curative intent of nonmetastatic colorectal cancer, but follow‐up strategies vary widely. The aim of this systematic review was to provide an overview of recommendations on this topic in guidelines from member countries of the European Society of Coloproctology, with supporting evidence.MethodA systematic search of Medline, Embase and the guideline databases Trip database, BMJ Best Practice and Guidelines International Network was performed. Quality assessment included use of the AGREE‐II tool. All topics with recommendations from included guidelines were identified and categorized. For each subtopic, a conclusion was made followed by the degree of consensus and the highest level of evidence.ResultsTwenty‐one guidelines were included. The majority recommended that structured follow‐up should be offered, except for patients in whom treatment of recurrence would be inappropriate. It was generally agreed that clinical visits, measurement of carcinoembryoinc antigen and liver imaging should be part of follow‐up, based on a high level of evidence, although the frequency is controversial. There was also consensus on imaging of the chest and pelvis in rectal cancer, as well as endoscopy, based on lower levels of evidence and with a level of intensity that was contradictory.ConclusionIn available guidelines, multimodal follow‐up after treatment with curative intent of colorectal cancer is widely recommended, but the exact content and intensity are highly controversial. International agreement on the optimal follow‐up schedule is unlikely to be achieved on current evidence, and further research should refocus on individualized ‘patient‐driven’ follow‐up and new biomarkers.
Anal fistula plug vs rectal advancement flap for the treatment of complex cryptoglandular anal fistulas: a systematic review and meta‐analysis of studies with long‐term follow‐up
Authors: Lin H. , Jin Z. , Zhu Y. , Diao M. , Hu W. 
Published: December 2018

AbstractAimThe aim was to compare the effectiveness of the anal fistula plug (AFP) with the rectal advancement flap (RAF) for complex cryptoglandular anal fistulas.MethodsWe conducted a literature search to identify relevant available articles published without language restriction from Embase and PubMed databases and the Cochrane Library. Studies comparing outcomes with the AFP vs RAF for complex cryptoglandular anal fistulas were eligible for inclusion.ResultsA total of 11 articles with 810 patients were included in this meta‐analysis. Four RCTs and one observational clinical study provided long‐term follow‐up. The pooled analysis of all 11 studies indicated that there was no significant difference between the AFP and RAF in terms of healing rate, recurrence rate and incidence of fistula complications. However, the pooled results of studies with long‐term follow‐up revealed that the RAF group had a significantly higher healing rate (OR 0.32, 95% CI 0.13, 0.78, P = 0.01) and lower recurrence rate (OR 4.45, 95% CI 1.45, 13.65, P = 0.009) than the AFP group.ConclusionsFor the treatment of complex cryptoglandular anal fistulas, the RAF was superior to the AFP in terms of healing and recurrence rate after pooling of randomized controlled trials with long‐term follow‐up, even though a comparison based on the pooling of all studies showed no significant difference.
Role of miR‐223‐3p in pulmonary arterial hypertension via targeting ITGB3 in the ECM pathway
Authors: Liu Aijun , Liu Yifan , Li Bin , Yang Ming , Liu Yang , Su Junwu 
Published: December 2018

ObjectivesTo investigate the functions of miR‐223‐3p and ITGB3 in pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH).Materials and MethodsMicroarray analysis was used to detect differentially expressed genes and microRNAs. In in vitro models, the expressions of miR‐223‐3p and ITGB3 were detected by qRT‐PCR and Western blot. α‐SMA expression and cell proliferation were analysed by immunofluorescence and MTT assay, respectively. In in vivo models, PAH progressions were determined by measuring the levels of mPAP and RVSP. Lung and myocardial tissues were subjected to HE staining and Masson and Sirius red‐saturated carbazotic acid staining to investigate the pathological features.ResultsThe microarray analysis revealed that ITGB3 was upregulated, while hsa‐miR‐223‐3p was downregulated in PAH. After the induction of hypoxia, miR‐223‐3p was downregulated and ITGB3 was upregulated in PASMCs. Hypoxia induction promoted cell proliferation and inhibited α‐SMA expression in PASMCs. Both the upregulation of miR‐223‐3p and the downregulation of ITGB3 attenuated the aberrant proliferation induced by hypoxia conditions. After approximately 4 weeks, the mPAP and RVSP levels of rats injected with MCT were decreased by the overexpression of miR‐223‐3p or the silencing of ITGB3. The staining results revealed that both miR‐223‐3p overexpression and ITGB3 knockdown alleviated the pulmonary vascular remodelling and improved the PAH pathological features of rats.ConclusionsMiR‐223‐3p alleviated the progression of PAH by suppressing the expression of ITGB3, a finding which provides novel targets for clinical treatment.
Qualitative and quantitative cytomorphological features of primary anaplastic lymphoma kinase‐positive lung cancer
Authors: Tsukamoto Ryuko , Ohsaki Hiroyuki , Hosokawa Sho , Tokuhara Yasunori , Kamoshida Shingo , Sakuma Toshiko , Itoh Tomoo , Ohbayashi Chiho 
Published: December 2018

ObjectiveAnaplastic lymphoma kinase (ALK) positive (+) lung cancers are predictive for response to crizotinib and alectinib. There are many cases of lung cancer in which surgery cannot be performed, and such cases require diagnosis by cytological specimen or biopsy. Estimating ALK (+) lung cancer from cytomorphology would allow molecular testing to proceed without the waste of a small amount of specimen. The purpose of this study was to assess whether qualitative and quantitative cytomorphological features are sufficient for distinguishing primary ALK (+) from ALK (−) lung cancer.MethodsWe examined eight qualitative cytomorphological parameters and three quantitative nuclear morphometric parameters in 17 cases of primary ALK (+) lung cancer, diagnosed by fluorescence in situ hybridisation (FISH) using histological specimens, and in 41 cases of ALK (−) lung cancer. Quantitative nuclear morphometric parameters were analysed by a computer‐assisted image analysis system.ResultsIn ALK (+) lung cancer, three qualitative parameters (signet ring cells, nuclear grooves and single type nucleoli) and two quantitative parameters (large nuclear area and irregular nuclear shape) were observed in significantly higher proportions. However, in ALK (−) lung cancer, one qualitative parameter (unclear and multiple type nucleoli) was seen significantly more often.ConclusionsThese results show that the cytomorphological features of signet ring cells, nuclear grooves and nucleoli shape can help to triage a small amount of cytological and biopsy specimens for appropriate molecular testing of primary ALK (+) lung cancer.
Investor Reaction to Financial Disclosures across Topics: An Application of Latent Dirichlet Allocation*
Authors: Feuerriegel Stefan , Pröllochs Nicolas 
Published: December 2018

ABSTRACTThis article provides a holistic study of how stock prices vary in their response to financial disclosures across different topics. Thereby, we specifically shed light into the extensive amount of filings for which no a priori categorization of their content exists. For this purpose, we utilize an approach from data mining—namely, latent Dirichlet allocation (LDA)—as a means of topic modeling. This technique facilitates our task of automatically categorizing, ex ante, the content of more than 70,000 regulatory 8‐K filings from U.S. companies. We then evaluate the subsequent stock market reaction. Our empirical evidence suggests a considerable discrepancy among various types of news stories in terms of their relevance and impact on financial markets. For instance, we find a statistically significant abnormal return in response to earnings results and credit rating, but also for disclosures regarding business strategy, the health sector, as well as mergers and acquisitions. Our results yield findings that benefit managers, investors, and policy‐makers by indicating how regulatory filings should be structured and the topics most likely to precede changes in stock valuations.
Reducing the risk of post‐endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography pancreatitis using 4‐Fr pancreatic plastic stents placed with common‐type guidewires: Results from a prospective multinational registry
Authors: Sahar Nadav , Ross Andrew , Lakhtakia Sundeep , Coté Gregory A. , Neuhaus Horst , Bruno Marco J. , Haluszka Oleh , Kozarek Richard , Ramchandani Mohan , Beyna Torsten , Poley Jan W. , Maranki Jennifer , Freeman Martin , Kedia Prashant , Tarnasky Paul ,   the Pancreatic Stenting Registry Group
Published: December 2018

Background and AimPancreatic plastic stents (PPS) can reduce the risk of post‐endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography pancreatitis (PEP). Prospective multicenter documentation of PEP rate after PPS placement is scarce. A new 4‐Fr stent designed to be deployed over a 0.035‐inch guidewire was used to assess the effectiveness of PEP prophylaxis.MethodsHigh‐PEP‐risk patients received a 4‐Fr PPS for primary or secondary prophylaxis at seven centers in four countries. Patients were followed until spontaneous PPS migration, endoscopic stent removal, or for 4 months, whichever came first. Main outcome was PEP rate.ResultsOne hundred six (106) patients received PPS for PEP prophylaxis [61 (58%) primary, 45 (42%) secondary prophylaxis]. Median age was 54 years. Eighty‐one (76%) PPS were placed using a 0.035‐inch guidewire. By investigator choice 99 (93%) stents were single pigtail. Median stent length was 8 cm (range 3–12 cm). Technical success achieved in 100% of cases. Two patients in the primary prophylaxis group (3%, 95% CI 0.4–11%) experienced mild/moderate PEP. Seventy‐eight PPS available for analysis underwent spontaneous migration after a median of 29 days. There were no reports of stent‐induced ductal trauma. Post‐hoc analysis of migration rate by PPS length showed no statistically significant trend.ConclusionsAmong high‐risk patients in the primary prophylaxis group, observed rates of PEP are low (3%, 95% CI 0.4–11%) with the use of prophylactic 4‐Fr pancreatic duct stents compatible with a 0.035‐inch guidewire. This low rate is not unequivocally due to the prophylactic stent.
European development NGOs and the diversion of aid: Contestation, fence‐sitting, or adaptation?
Authors: Rozbicka Patrycja , Szent‐Iványi Balázs 
Published: December 2018

AbstractMotivationThe article examines the advocacy strategies of European non‐government development organizations (NGDOs). The development aid literature has not put much emphasis on understanding NGDOs’ aid‐related advocacy strategies, and the literature on interest groups has so far neglected to explain why groups select different advocacy strategies within the same policy area.PurposeThe article explains how NGDOs have selected advocacy strategies during the process of reformulating the European Consensus in 2016/17, in response to attempts by the European Union (EU) to divert aid from poverty reduction to three other goals: managing migration, funding climate change adaptation (CCA), and funding the private sector.Approach and methodsThe article develops a framework explaining NGDOs’ strategy selection, looking at the politicization of the policy change, its impact on NGDOs’ funding, and its relation to the groups’ normative positions. The article uses qualitative data from NGDO documents and interviews with senior staff of NGDO networks based in Brussels.FindingsNGDOs used different strategies for the three cases of aid diversion: they contested aid diversion for managing migration; mainly choose fence‐sitting in case of CCA; and gradually became more adaptive towards diverting aid to fund the private sector. The three variables of politicization, impact on funding, and relation to normative positions explain the strategies selected by NGDOs in all three cases.Policy implicationsThe findings can help NGDOs in selecting the most appropriate advocacy strategies for changes in aid policy, allowing them to become more effective in influencing the EU institutions and member state governments.
Variability of right ventricular global and segmental longitudinal strain measurements
Authors: Mirea Oana , Berceanu Mihaela , Donoiu Ionuț , Militaru Constantin , Săftoiu Adrian , Istrătoaie Octavian 
Published: December 2018

ObjectivesWe evaluated intra‐observer, test–retest, and inter‐observer reproducibility of right ventricular (RV) longitudinal strain (LS) measurements derived from two‐dimensional speckle tracking echocardiography.BackgroundThe assessment of RV deformation has demonstrated to hold valuable prognostic and diagnostic data in clinical practice. Data about the reproducibility of the measurements, however, are missing.MethodsIn 200 subjects, apical modified four‐chamber view focused on the right ventricle (RV) was obtained. In 150 subjects (75%), a second set of images was acquired for test–retest analysis. Global RV LS (RVGLS‐4C), free wall strain (RVFW‐4C), and segmental maximum peak strain (base, mid, and apex) were calculated (EchoPac vBT13, GE Vingmed Ultrasound, Horten, Norway). Additionally, the reliability and feasibility of RV free wall strain derived from single wall tracking (RVFW‐SWT) were tested. The absolute difference between repeated measurements and inter‐class correlation coefficients (ICC) for consistency was calculated.ResultsRVGLS‐4C and RVFW‐4C measurement could be obtained in all subjects. RVGLS‐4C demonstrated lower intra‐observer, test–retest, and inter‐observer absolute difference compared to RVFW‐4C (1.4 ± 1.2%, 1.8 ± 1.5%, and 1.7 ± 1.9%, respectively, vs 2.4 ± 2.4, 2.2 ± 1.9, and 2.6 ± 3.0, respectively, P < 0.01). ICC ranged between 0.83 and 0.90 for RVGLS‐4C measurements and between 0.76 and 0.79 for RVFW‐4C measurements. RVFW‐SWT was feasible in 82.5% of the subjects and showed noninferior reproducibility compared to RVFW‐4C. Basal and apical segments demonstrating the highest variability.ConclusionsThe measurement of RVGLS‐4C appears to be reliable in clinical practice and demonstrates better reproducibility compared to RV free wall LS measurements. Segmental LS measurements presented high variability and such parameters should be interpreted with caution.
Invasive fungal disease in patients undergoing umbilical cord blood transplantation after myeloablative conditioning regimen
Authors: Montoro Juan , Sanz Jaime , Lorenzo José I. , Montesinos Pau , Rodríguez‐Veiga Rebeca , Salavert Miguel , González Eva , Guerreiro Manuel , Carretero Carlos , Balaguer Aitana , Gómez Inés , Solves Pilar , Sanz Guillermo F. , Sanz Miguel A. , Piñana José L. 
Published: December 2018

AbstractObjectiveCharacteristics and risk factors (RFs) of invasive fungal disease (IFD) have been little studied in the setting of umbilical cord blood transplantation (UCBT).MethodWe retrospectively included 205 single‐unit myeloablative UCBT recipients with a median follow‐up of 64 months.ResultsFifty‐six episodes of IFD were observed in 48 patients (23%) at a median time of 123 days after stem cell infusion. Invasive mold disease (IMD) occurred in 42 cases, 38 of them (90%) caused by invasive aspergillosis whereas invasive yeast disease (IYD) occurred in 14 cases, most of them due to candidemia (n = 12, 86%). The 5‐year cumulative incidence of IFD, IMDs, and IYDs was 24% 19%, and 7%, respectively. In multivariate analysis, three RFs for IMDs were identified: age >30 years (HR 3.5, P = 0.017), acute grade II‐IV graft‐versus‐host disease (HR 2.3, P = 0.011), and ≥1 previous transplant (HR 3.1, P = 0.012). The probability of IMDs was 2.5%, 14%, and 33% for recipients with none, 1, or 2‐3 RFs, respectively (P < 0.001). Among IFD, IMDs had a negative effect on non‐relapse mortality in multivariate analysis (HR 1.6, P = 0.039). IMDs showed a negative impact on overall survival (HR 1.59, P = 0.018).ConclusionInvasive mold disease were very common and serious complication after UCBT.
Biased emotional attention in patients with dental phobia
Authors: Alexopoulos Johanna , Steinberg Christian , Liebergesell‐Kilian Nora Ellen , Hoeffkes Berit , Doering Stephan , Junghöfer Markus 
Published: December 2018

AbstractBiased motivated attention towards phobia‐relevant pictures is a typical finding in specific phobia. In the visual system, the allocation of motivated attention is indexed by two event‐related potential components – the Early Posterior Negativity and the Late Positive Potential. Enhanced Early Posterior Negativity and Late Positive Potential amplitudes are reliably observed in specific phobia such as, for instance, snake, spider, or blood‐injection‐injury phobia and to some extent also in dental phobia. However, regarding dental phobia results are sparse and its theoretical concept is not undisputed. To further elucidate the electrophysiological characteristics of dental phobia, we investigated visual emotional processing in dental phobia patients and controls. Subjects viewed neutral, phobia‐irrelevant and phobia‐relevant pictures while magnetoencephalographic and behavioural measures were recorded. All patients reported a history of traumatic experiences and depressive and anxiety symptoms, as well as dissociative and posttraumatic symptoms. In the magnetoencephalography, patients showed generally less evoked neural activation at parietal and temporal regions and a reduced differentiation between picture categories compared to controls. At the behavioural level, patients rated phobia‐relevant pictures as clearly more negative as did controls. In contrast to previous reports, our results suggest that dental phobia cannot be associated with the typical effects of biased motivated attention seen in other specific phobias. Instead, results indicate that dental phobia shares typical characteristics with mild forms of posttraumatic stress disorder.
How commercial fishing effort is managed
Authors: Anderson Christopher M. , Krigbaum Melissa J. , Arostegui Martin C. , Feddern Megan L. , Koehn John Zachary , Kuriyama Peter T. , Morrisett Christina , Allen Akselrud Caitlin I. , Davis Melanie J. , Fiamengo Courtney , Fuller Ava , Lee Qi , McElroy Katherine N. , Pons Maite , Sanders Jessica 
Published: December 2018

AbstractWild capture fisheries produce 90 million tonnes of food each year and have the potential to provide sustainable livelihoods for nearly 40 million people around the world (http://www.fao.org/3/a-i5555e.pdf). After decades of overfishing since industrialization, many global fish stocks have recovered, a change brought about through effective management. We provide a synthetic overview of three approaches that managers use to sustain stocks: regulating catch and fishing mortality, regulating effort and regulating spatial access. Within each of these approaches, we describe common restrictions, how they alter incentives to change fishing behaviour, and the resultant ecological, economic and community‐level outcomes. For each approach, we present prominent case‐studies that illustrate behaviour and the corresponding performance. These case‐studies show that sustaining target stocks requires a hard limit on fishing mortality under most conditions, but that additional measures are required to generate economic benefits. Different systems for allocation allow stakeholder communities to strike a locally acceptable balance between profitability and employment.