bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Silver Nanoparticles and L‐Cysteine Composite Redresses Carbon Tetrachloride‐Induced Hepatotoxicity in Swiss Albino Rats
Authors: Hassan Iftekhar , Alhazza Ibrahim M. , Ebaid Hossam , Habila Mohamed A. , Al‐Tamimi Jameel , Rady Ahmed , Awad Ezzat M. , Hasan Zafrul 
Published: November 2024

ABSTRACTl‐cysteine is a versatile amino acid that plays a pivotal role in synthesizing critical molecules, enzymatic catalysis, regulation, and electron transport. It also has tremendous potential to act as an adjuvant for enhancing the biological efficacy of various nanoparticles in vivo. The current study is aimed to evaluate the protective efficacy of silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) decorated with l‐cysteine in carbon tetrachloride (CCl4)‐induced hepatotoxicity in the Swiss albino rats as an animal model. The rats were divided into four treatment groups: Group 1 (control without any treatments), Group 2 treated with AgNPs and l‐cysteine composite (5 mg/kg body weight on every third day), Group 3 (single dose of 1 mL/kg CCl4), and Group 4 treated with AgNPs‐l‐cysteine composite in the rats pre‐administered with CCl4. After treatment for a month, the rats were killed, and their liver and blood samples were subjected to biochemical analysis and histological examination.: Group 2 showed all the parameters comparable to control Group 1. On the contrary, CCl4‐treated, Group 3 rats showed abnormally raised liver function markers (AST and ALT) and liver toxicity markers (GGT, LDH, and total bilirubin) concomitant with disturbed oxidative stress parameters (GSH and MDA) compared to the control. However, Group 4 rats demonstrated a significant recovery from CCl4‐induced biochemical alteration in the animals as compared to Group 3. In addition, the biochemical measurements were harmonious with the histological analysis of the liver sections of the treated rats. Hence, the proposed AgNPs‐l‐cysteine composite is a potent hepato‐protecting agent in vivo that can be employed in regulating CCl4‐induced hepatotoxicity or any drug or potential pharmaceutical compound exerting similar toxicity.
Protein Condensates Unfold G‐Quadruplex Resembling a Helicase Activity
Authors: Luo Liang , Ji Shixia , Wu Qiong , Xu Guohua , Zhao Jiajing , Liu Yixiang , Chen Lang , Liu Maili , Jiang Ling , Li Conggang 
Published: November 2024

AbstractMembrane‐less organelles, formed by liquid‐liquid phase separation, participate in many vital cellular processes and have received extensive attention recently. A notable form of noncanonical nucleic acid secondary structure, G‐quadruplex (G4), interacts with the scaffolding proteins in these membrane‐less organelles and becomes an integral part of this condensed phase. However, the structure and stability features of the integrated G4 remain poorly characterized. Herein, we employed NMR along with other biophysical methods to investigate the conformation of a G4 within condensates formed by a disordered protein known as DDX4N1. We discovered that the human telomeric sequence MHT24, which forms a G4 structure in a non‐condensed phase solution of protein DDX4N1, unfolds when it is within DDX4N1 condensates due to phase separation. Our findings provide an instance of a protein acquiring new functionality through phase separation process, which deepen our understanding of how protein condensates regulate G4 structure and their functions.
The Predictive Value of the CatLet Scoring System for Long‐Term Prognosis After Percutaneous Coronary Intervention in Patients With Chronic Coronary Syndrome
Authors: Wang Juan , Zhang Mingchao , Xu Mingxing , Zhou Jiayan , Lu Dasheng 
Published: November 2024

ABSTRACTBackgroundCoronary Artery Tree description and Lesion EvaluaTion (CatLet) angiographic scoring system is a newly developed vascular scoring for assessing the degree of coronary artery stenosis and coronary artery variability. Preliminary studies have demonstrated its superiority over the Synergy between percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) with Taxus and Cardiac Surgery (SYNTAX) score in predicting outcome in patients with acute myocardial infarction (AMI). This study aimed to assess the predictive value of the CatLet score in long‐term prognosis after PCI for chronic coronary syndrome (CCS).MethodsA total of 201 patients, who were diagnosed with chronic coronary syndrome, undergoing coronary DES implantation and calculable Catlet score at the Second Affiliated Hospital of Wannan Medical College in China were consecutively enrolled from January 2020 to June 2021. The primary endpoint was major adverse cardiac events (MACEs), defined as a composite of myocardial infarction, recurrent angina, cardiac death, heart failure and ischemia‐driven revascularization, were stratified according to CatLet score tertiles: 0 ≤ CatLet_low ≤ 23(n = 66), CatLet_mid 24–43(n = 68), and CatLet_top ≥ 44(n = 67), respectively.ResultsThe CatLet score predicted long‐term prognosis with a median follow‐up of 3.0 years. Of 201 patients analyzed, the rates of MACEs and cardiac death were 25.37% and 3.98%, respectively. The Kaplan–Meier curves for all endpoints showed increasing outcome events with the increasing tertiles of the CatLet score, with p‐value < 0.05 on the trend test. For MACE and cardiac death, the area under the curve (AUC) of the CatLet score was 0.744 (95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.668–0.820) and 0.804 (95% CI: 0.672–0.936), respectively; Alone or after adjusting for risk factors, the multivariable‐adjusted hazard ratio (95% CI)/unit higher score was 9.41 (3.18–27.85) for MACEs and 1.85 (1.20–2.84) for cardiac death, respectively.ConclusionThe CatLet score is an independent predictor of long‐term clinical outcomes in patients with chronic coronary syndrome after percutaneous coronary intervention.
Revisiting the Efficacy and Safety of Bivalirudin in Patients With ST‐Segment Elevation Myocardial Infarction Undergoing Percutaneous Coronary Intervention: Insights From a Mixed Treatment Comparison Meta‐Analysis of Randomized Trials
Authors: Maqsood M. Haisum , Tamis‐Holland Jacqueline E. , Feit Frederick , Bangalore Sripal 
Published: November 2024

ABSTRACTBackgroundRandomized trials of bivalirudin in patients with ST elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI) have yielded heterogeneous results.AimsOur aim was to evaluate the efficacy and safety of four antithrombin regimens—unfractionated heparin (UFH), bivalirudin (stopped soon after percutaneous coronary intervention [PCI]), extended bivalirudin (continued for a few hours after PCI), and combined UFH and a Gp2b3a inhibitors (GPI) in patients who present with STEMI.MethodsA PubMed, EMBASE, and clinicaltrials.gov databases were searched for randomized clinical trials (RCTs) of the above antithrombin in patients with STEMI. The primary outcome was net adverse cardiovascular events (NACE). The primary ischemic endpoint was major adverse cardiovascular events (MACE), and the primary safety endpoint was major bleeding, and other endpoints included all‐cause mortality and stent thrombosis. The primary analysis compared the effect of these antithrombin regimens in reference to UFH using a mixed treatment comparison meta‐analysis.ResultsIn the 14 RCTs evaluating 25,415 patients with STEMI, when compared to UFH monotherapy, extended bivalirudin lowered NACE (OR = 0.71 with 95% CI: 0.53–0.96; moderate level of confidence) driven by a significant decrease in major bleeding (OR = 0.42 with 95% CI: 0.26–0.68; high level of confidence) without any significant difference in MACE or all‐cause mortality. When compared with UFH monotherapy, UFH+GPI reduced risk of MACE (OR = 0.76 with 95% CI: 0.60–0.97; high level of confidence) but at the expense of an increase in major bleeding (OR = 1.48 with 95% CI: 1.11–1.98; high level of confidence) with no difference in NACE or all‐cause mortality. For major bleeding, extended bivalirudin infusion ranked #1, bivalirudin ranked #2, UFH monotherapy ranked #3, and combined UFH and GPI ranked #4. For NACE, extended bivalirudin infusion ranked #1, bivalirudin ranked #2, combined UFH and GPI ranked #3, and UFH monotherapy ranked #4. Cluster plots for MACE and major bleeding demonstrated that extended bivalirudin had the best balance for efficacy and safety.ConclusionsIn patients undergoing PCI for STEMI, extended bivalirudin offers the best balance for primary ischemic (MACE) and safety (major bleeding) outcomes.
Accuracy of Three‐Dimensional Neo Left Ventricular Outflow Tract Simulations With Transcatheter Mitral Valve Replacement in Different Mitral Phenotypes
Authors: van den Dorpel Mark M. P. , de Assis Lucas Uchoa , van Niekerk Jenna , Nuis Rutger‐Jan , Daemen Joost , Ren Claire Ben , Hirsch Alexander , Kardys Isabella , van den Branden Ben J. L. , Budde Ricardo , Van Mieghem Nicolas M. 
Published: November 2024

ABSTRACTBackgroundTranscatheter mitral valve replacement (TMVR) is emerging in the context of annular calcification (valve‐in‐MAC; ViMAC), failing surgical mitral annuloplasty (mitral‐valve‐in‐ring; MViR) and failing mitral bioprosthesis (mitral‐valve‐in‐valve; MViV). A notorious risk of TMVR is neo left ventricular outflow tract (neo‐LVOT) obstruction. Three‐dimensional computational models (3DCM) are derived from multi‐slice computed tomography (MSCT) and aim to predict neo‐LVOT area after TMVR. Little is known about the accuracy of these neo‐LVOT predictions for various mitral phenotypes.MethodsPreprocedural 3DCMs were created for ViMAC, MViR and MViV cases. Throughout the cardiac cycle, neo‐LVOT dimensions were semi‐automatically calculated on the 3DCMs. We compared the predicted neo‐LVOT area on the preprocedural 3DCM with the actual neo‐LVOT as measured on the post‐procedural MSCT.ResultsAcross 12 TMVR cases and examining 20%–70% of the cardiac phase, the mean difference between predicted and post‐TMVR neo‐LVOT area was −23 ± 28 mm2 for MViR, −21 ± 34 mm2 for MViV and −73 ± 61 mm2 for ViMAC. The mean intra‐class correlation coefficient for absolute agreement between predicted and post‐procedural neo‐LVOT area (throughout the whole cardiac cycle) was 0.89 (95% CI 0.82–0.94, p < 0.001) for MViR, 0.81 (95% CI 0.62–0.89, p < 0.001) for MViV, and 0.41 (95% CI 0.12–0.58, p = 0.002) for ViMAC.ConclusionsThree‐dimensional computational models accurately predict neo‐LVOT dimensions post TMVR in MViR and MViV but not in ViMAC. Further research should incorporate device host interactions and the effect of changing hemodynamics in these simulations to enhance accuracy in all mitral phenotypes.
Modular Synthesis of α‐Quaternary Chiral β‐Lactams via Three‐Component Asymmetric Kinugasa/Aldol or Kinugasa/Mannich Cascade Reactions
Authors: Wang Linxuan , Qi Jialin , Li Haoyu , Xu Zhenghu 
Published: November 2024

AbstractThe β‐lactam scaffolds are the prevalent structural units in antibiotics and natural products. Herein, three‐component asymmetric Kinugasa/aldol and Kinugasa/Mannich cascade reactions have been developed for constructing α‐quaternary chiral β‐lactams. This method involved the tandem reaction of alkynes, nitrones and aldehydes (or imines), resulting in the formation of three sequential stereocenters controlled by copper(I) catalysts and chiral bis(oxazolidine) ligands. The developed protocol features high enantioselectivity, good reaction efficiency, and mild operational conditions, representing a practical and sustainable synthetic tool for the construction of functionalized chiral β‐lactams.
A Rare Case of Magnesium Alkyl Mediated CO‐to‐Alkoxide Conversion
Authors: Townrow Oliver P. E. , Richter Tim , Langer Jens , Harder Sjoerd 
Published: November 2024

AbstractAlcohols can be produced by nucleophilic addition at the C=O functional group of ketones or aldehydes. Such C−C bond formations generally proceed smoothly and selective. In contrast, nucleophilic addition at carbon monoxide is considerably more complex and unselective due to the instability of polar metal acyl intermediates. Herein, we report a magnesium alkyl complex, stabilised with a dipyrromethenide ligand, and its reactivity with CO2 and CO. Whilst the reaction with CO2 gave the expected carboxylate, reaction with CO took a surprising course, resulting in an alkoxide by formation of three new C−C bonds in a single reaction. An intertwined experimental and computational approach sheds light on the unusual reactivity of a carbene intermediate.
Comparison of Various Methods and Detectors to Determine Isotherms Using Self‐Packed Columns
Authors: Heiduk Caroline , Miao Xiushi , Scholl Stephan 
Published: November 2024

AbstractThe study aims to determine adsorption isotherms through dynamic methods, including elution by characteristic point (ECP) and frontal analysis (FA), using a model system of beta zeolite and an aqueous sorbitol solution. The investigation specifically focuses on self‐packed fixed‐bed columns with a low number of theoretical plates Nt. It details the packing method optimization for these columns and identifies key challenges. Ultraviolet‐visible (UV/Vis) and refractive index (RI) detectors, including parameters such as rise time trise and wavelength λ, are thoroughly compared in this study. Various models are assessed for their appropriateness in predicting the isotherms. The study's practical implications have the potential to enhance research and industrial applications in the field of adsorption, particularly with regard to the optimization of adsorbent materials and detection methods.
Definite Treatment Delay With Neoadjuvant Chemotherapy and Longitudinal Monitoring by Circulating Tumor DNA for Advanced Cervical Cancer During Pregnancy: A Case Series and Literature Review
Authors: Zhang Xiaoyu , Yu Hong , Chen Kai , Ding Bo , Shen Yang 
Published: November 2024

ABSTRACTBackgroundPrevious studies mainly concentrate on neoadjuvant chemotherapy (NACT) for delivery delay in FIGO Stage IB1–IIIB cervical cancer during pregnancy to prevent early preterm delivery while not affecting maternal outcome.CaseHere, we described two pregnant patients with FIGO Stage IIIC cervical cancer about their diagnosis, treatment, and outcome. Both patients underwent cesarean delivery, left enlarged lymph node dissection, and longitudinal monitoring by circulating tumor DNA. Our study suggested that pregnant patient was completely response to NACT, which was confirmed by ctDNA monitoring, followed by left pelvic enlarged lymph node dissection during cesarean section and adjuvant chemoradiotherapy postpartum. The infant grew normally, without any evidence of chemotherapy‐related side effects after delivery.ConclusionIn pregnant women with advanced cervical cancer, longitudinal ctDNA monitoring might be able to evaluate maternal response to NACT and confirm if delivery delay to optimize fetal outcome would compacting the maternal outcomes or not. Cervical cancer may not transmit across the placental barrier and so it is safe for delayed delivery until fetal maturity in utero during pregnancy.
Total Minimally Invasive Curative Staged Resections After Induction Systemic Therapy for Metastatic Rectal Cancer
Authors: Takahashi Tohru , Ishii Takahiro , Maejima Taku , Miyazaki Dai , Fukahori Susumu , Kuwahara Hiroaki , Aimono Eriko , Kimura Taichi , Yanai Mitsuru , Hagiwara Masahiro 
Published: November 2024

ABSTRACTBackgroundIntensified systemic chemotherapy following minimally invasive surgery for patients with unresectable metastatic colorectal cancer is performed to achieve curative resection and improve quality of life. We report a case of initially unresectable rectal cancer with metastases treated with laparoscopic and thoracoscopic staged resections after triplet chemotherapy plus bevacizumab.CaseA 71‐year‐old man was referred to our hospital to examine the cause of constipation. A circumferential adenocarcinoma with extramural invasion and lateral lymphadenopathy was identified in the lower rectum with simultaneous metastatic liver and lung tumors. Intensified triplet chemotherapy plus bevacizumab was conducted to treat oncologically unresectable rectal cancer to avoid positive radial margins during surgical resection. Eleven cycles of chemotherapy resulted in regression of the tumors with metastases. Laparoscopic low anterior resection with lateral lymph node dissection was performed. Three months later, laparoscopic liver resection of the posterosuperior segment was performed without complications. Finally, the patient underwent thoracoscopic‐assisted pulmonary segmentectomy of the right basal lobe. All resected tumors had negative surgical margins, and the patient has been surviving without adjuvant chemotherapy.ConclusionMinimally invasive staged resection and intensified chemotherapy for the treatment of initially unresectable metastatic colorectal cancer should be performed by a skilled surgical team in coordination with a multidisciplinary team.
Color collection and data analysis of classical gardens—A case study of Tang style gardens in Xi'an
Authors: Liu Yuan , Tian Yonggang , Liu Yuyi , Cao Keran , Liu Chuanyin 
Published: November 2024

AbstractGarden color plays a key role in creating a spatial atmosphere, artistic conception and regional landscape characteristics. The Chinese classical garden has a profound traditional Chinese culture at its core, and its color collocation is a microcosm of Chinese culture. An in‐depth exploration of the color matching of classical gardens is helpful for promoting the organic combination of modern urban construction needs and traditional culture. Therefore, this paper takes Tang‐style gardens in Xi'an as an example and selects five typical classical gardens to study the color characteristics of garden elements, uses natural color system (NCS) to record color data from classical garden elements, establishes a color map, and quantitatively evaluates the color harmony of classical garden elements on the basis of Moon Spencer (M‐S) color harmony theory. Research has revealed that the color system of Tang‐style gardens in Xi'an is unique and includes 244 NCS standard colors with a wide distribution of hues. The study distinguishes between humanistic environment colors and natural environment colors that vary greatly with season, and provides a wide color range that reflects the beauty of nature. The color range of the humanistic environment appears calm and solemn, with colors having low blackness and low chromaticness in general. There is a certain difference in color harmony between natural and cultural environment colors, but the overall color harmony is good. This paper not only enriches the color theory system of Tang‐style gardens but also provides a reference for promoting the scientific application of traditional urban colors in modern urban landscape construction.
Modulating Built‐In Electronic Configuration via Variable Al Doping for Robust Oxygen Evolution Reaction
Authors: Li Jing , Yang Chunhui , Yang Yonggang , Qiao Haiyan , Hao Jinhui , Shi Weiwei , Yu Zong‐Bao , Yang Lei 
Published: November 2024

AbstractTransition metal‐based electrocatalysts play a crucial role in the oxygen evolution reaction (OER). However, their heavy reliance on free electrons at the d‐band significantly limits the screening of potentially efficient, earth‐abundant alternatives. Despite extensive exploration of catalyst engineering through multi‐metal cooperation to modulate electron configuration by introducing additional transition metals, practical success remains elusive. Here, we present a straightforward electrodeposition method for preparing amorphous FeCoAl hydroxide catalysts. The introduction of Al contributes external free electrons, enabling a well‐defined electron configuration for intermediate adsorption. Al doping also adjusts the d‐band position of adjacent Co atoms, bringing them closer to the Fermi level and significantly enhancing intrinsic activity at the active sites. Furthermore, Al dopants facilitate rapid mass and charge transfer near the catalyst layer, promoting faster reaction kinetics. Leveraging these properties, the FeCoAl hydroxide catalyst achieves a large current density of 100 mA cm−2 at an overpotential of 340 mV, with a small Tafel slope of 29.1 mV dec−1. Our work provides valuable insights for designing efficient electrocatalysts by leveraging free electron‐rich metal doping and expanding the parameter space for catalyst engineering.
Ultrasonic disintegration effects on excess sludge with different‐sized ultrasonic probes
Authors: Atay Şeyma , Akbal Feryal , Özbey Mustafa 
Published: November 2024

AbstractUltrasonic disintegration based on lysis‐cryptic growth improves sludge characteristics. Many factors affect ultrasonic disintegration of the excess sludge. This study aimed to provide better insight into ultrasonic disintegration effects on excess sludge at different energy levels, probes, and times. The results demonstrated that ultrasonic disintegration with 13 and 25 mm probes released significant amounts of chemical oxygen, and the degree of disintegration (DDCOD) significantly (p < 0.001) increased with specific energy (ES) input. The results indicated that the total coliform (TC), fecal coliform (FC), and Escherichia coli (EC) counts increased at lower energy levels and decreased at higher energy levels. Consequently, bacterial inactivation significantly (p < 0.001) increased. According to the EPA 40 CFR 503 regulation, ultrasonic disintegration based on lysis‐cryptic growth produces Class B biosolid and can be recommended as a process to reduce pathogens. This study examined that the tip diameter of the probe is an important parameter for ultrasonic disintegration. At the same sonication time and amplitude, probes with smaller tip diameters produced greater cavitation density, whereas probes with larger tip diameters produced less cavitation intensity. Additionally, probes with larger tip diameters were less costly at higher ES levels so that they could be integrated into full‐scale applications at higher ES levels.