bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Efectos de una unidad didáctica de mimo basada en el modelo de Educación Deportiva sobre la interculturalidad
Authors: Méndez-Giménez A. , Puente-Maxera F. , Martínez de Ojeda Pérez D. 
Published: May 2018

<p>El propósito de este estudio fue conocer el impacto generado por una unidad didáctica de mimo basada en el Modelo de Educación Deportiva (MED) sobre la competencia intercultural del alumnado de primaria. Participaron 28 estudiantes (<em>M</em> = 10.75; <em>DT</em> = .75) de quinto curso de educación primaria pertenecientes a un colegio ubicado en la Región de Murcia (España). Se desarrolló un diseño cuasiexperimental con medidas pretest y postest, de naturaleza cuantitativa y cualitativa. La información fue recabada mediante cuestionarios y entrevistas al alumnado, así como diarios y entrevistas a los docentes. Los resultados mostraron mejoras en la respuesta emocional positiva, así como en la ayuda, y las relaciones entre iguales de distintas culturas y países. Se discute también la incidencia de los elementos metodológicos, la comunicación y el clima social del aula sobre el desarrollo de la competencia intercultural. Se sugieren líneas de investigación futura al objeto de perfeccionar el modelo para el desarrollo de la competencia intercultural. </p>
Educación para la salud: implementación del programa "Sportfruits" en escolares de Granada
Authors: González-Valero G. , Zurita-Ortega F. , Puertas-Molero P. , Chacón-Cuberos R. , Espejo Garcés T. , Castro Sánchez M. 
Published: May 2018

<p>Los hábitos alimentarios se encuentran en decadencia y los problemas de peso van en aumento en Educación Primaria. Este estudio persigue establecer los niveles de índices de masa corporal, el grado de adherencia a la dieta mediterránea y el autoconcepto en una muestra de escolares, determinando las posibles diferencias físico-saludables y psicosociales tras la realización del programa de intervención <em>“SportFruits”</em>. El diseño esdescriptivo, preexperimental con pretest y posttest, de corte longitudinal, para una muestra de 79 escolares con edades de 6 a 8 años (M=7,1 y D.T.=0.638). Se utilizaron instrumentos como la báscula de bioimpedancia, el test KIDMED y el test de Autoconcepto Forma 5 (AF5). Los resultados no mostraron asociaciones estadísticamente significativas, aunque si evidencian la necesidad de mejorar la dieta, reeducando los hábitos alimentarios y promover la actividad física para mejoras psicosociales y reducir los problemas de obesidad y sobrepeso, a través de programas de intervención.</p><p> </p>
Modulation of the Semidiurnal Cycle of Turbulent Dissipation by Wind‐Driven Upwelling in a Coastal Embayment
Authors: Fernández‐Castro Bieito , Gilcoto Miguel , Naveira‐Garabato Alberto C. , Villamaña Marina , Graña Rocío , Mouriño‐Carballido Beatriz 
Published: May 2018

AbstractWith two 25‐hour series of turbulent microstructure and currents observations carried out in August 2013, during spring (CHAOS 1) and neap tides (CHAOS 2), we investigated the semidiurnal cycle of turbulent dissipation in an embayment affected by coastal upwelling (Ría de Vigo, NW Iberia). At the time of sampling, the bay hosted a net, wind‐driven bi‐directional positive exchange flow and thermal stratification. Turbulent kinetic energy (TKE) dissipation (ɛ) at the interface between upwelled and surface waters was enhanced by two orders of magnitude during the ebbs (
W kg− 1) with respect to the floods (
W kg− 1). This pattern was caused by the constructive interference of the shear associated with the upwelling and tidal currents. The vertical structure of the tidal currents was consistent with a deformation of tidal ellipses by stratification, which was tightly coupled to the intensity of upwelling. This two‐pronged interaction resulted in a modulation of the semidiurnal cycle of turbulent dissipation by coastal upwelling. Thus, as a result of the upwelling relaxation conditions experienced during CHAOS 1, depth‐integrated interior TKE dissipation rates were higher, by a factor of
, compared to CHAOS 2. By using a simple model, we determined that observed variations in turbulent mixing had a limited influence on the tidal variations of stratification, which were dominated by straining and advection. The mixing mechanism described here is potentially relevant for the ecology of upwelling bays, as it can stimulate the transport of nutrients from deep‐upwelled waters to the sun‐lit surface layers where primary production takes place.
Phylogenomic inference in extremis: A case study with mycoheterotroph plastomes
Authors: Lam Vivienne K. Y. , Darby Hayley , Merckx Vincent S. F. T. , Lim Gwynne , Yukawa Tomohisa , Neubig Kurt M. , Abbott J. Richard , Beatty Gemma E. , Provan Jim , Soto Gomez Marybel , Graham Sean W. 
Published: May 2018

Premise of the StudyPhylogenomic studies employing large numbers of genes, including those based on plastid genomes (plastomes), are becoming common. Nonphotosynthetic plants such as mycoheterotrophs (which rely on root‐associated fungi for essential nutrients, including carbon) tend to have highly elevated rates of plastome evolution, substantial genome reduction, or both. Mycoheterotroph plastomes therefore provide excellent test cases for investigating how extreme conditions impact phylogenomic inference.MethodsWe used parsimony and likelihood analysis of protein‐coding gene sets from published and newly completed plastomes to infer the phylogenetic placement of taxa from the 10 angiosperm families in which mycoheterotrophy evolved.Key ResultsDespite multiple very long branches that reflect elevated substitution rates, and frequently patchy gene recovery due to genome reduction, inferred phylogenetic placements of most mycoheterotrophic lineages in DNA‐based likelihood analyses are both well supported and congruent with other studies. Amino‐acid‐based likelihood placements are broadly consistent with DNA‐based inferences, but extremely rate‐elevated taxa can have unexpected placements—albeit with weak support. In contrast, parsimony analysis is strongly misled by long‐branch attraction among many distantly related mycoheterotrophic monocots.ConclusionsMycoheterotrophic plastomes provide challenging cases for phylogenomic inference, as substitutional rates can be elevated and genome reduction can lead to sparse gene recovery. Nonetheless, diverse likelihood frameworks provide generally well‐supported and mutually concordant phylogenetic placements of mycoheterotrophs, consistent with recent phylogenetic studies and angiosperm‐wide classifications. Previous predictions of parallel photosynthesis loss within families are supported for Burmanniaceae, Ericaceae, Gentianaceae, and Orchidaceae. Burmanniaceae and Thismiaceae should not be combined as a single family in Dioscoreales.
Community assembly of the ferns of Florida
Authors: Sessa Emily B. , Chambers Sally M. , Li Daijiang , Trotta Lauren , Endara Lorena , Burleigh J. Gordon , Baiser Benjamin 
Published: May 2018

Premise of the StudyMany ecological and evolutionary processes shape the assembly of organisms into local communities from a regional pool of species. We analyzed phylogenetic and functional diversity to understand community assembly of the ferns of Florida at two spatial scales.MethodsWe built a phylogeny for 125 of the 141 species of ferns in Florida using five chloroplast markers. We calculated mean pairwise dissimilarity (MPD) and mean nearest taxon distance (MNTD) from phylogenetic distances and functional trait data for both spatial scales and compared the results to null models to assess significance.Key ResultsOur results for over vs. underdispersion in functional and phylogenetic diversity differed depending on spatial scale and metric considered. At the county scale, MPD revealed evidence for phylogenetic overdispersion, while MNTD revealed phylogenetic and functional underdispersion, and at the conservation area scale, MPD revealed phylogenetic and functional underdispersion while MNTD revealed evidence only of functional underdispersion.ConclusionsOur results are consistent with environmental filtering playing a larger role at the smaller, conservation area scale. The smaller spatial units are likely composed of fewer local habitat types that are selecting for closely related species, with the larger‐scale units more likely to be composed of multiple habitat types that bring together a larger pool of species from across the phylogeny. Several aspects of fern biology, including their unique physiology and water relations and the importance of the independent gametophyte stage of the life cycle, make ferns highly sensitive to local, microhabitat conditions.
Alpha‐synuclein mRNA isoform formation and translation affected by polymorphism in the human SNCA 3ʹUTR
Authors: Barrie Elizabeth S. , Lee Sung‐Ha , Frater John T. , Kataki Maria , Scharre Douglas W. , Sadee Wolfgang 
Published: May 2018

AbstractBackgroundMultiple variants in SNCA, encoding alpha‐synuclein, a main component of Lewy bodies, are implicated in Parkinson's disease.MethodsWe searched for cis‐acting SNCA variants using allelic mRNA ratios in human brain tissues. In a SNCA 3′UTR (2,520 bp) luciferase reporter gene assay, translation in SH‐SY5Y cells in the presence of the rs17016074 G/A alleles was measured. To assess clinical impact, we queried neurocognitive genome‐wide association studies.ResultsAllelic ratios deviated up to twofold, measured at a marker SNP in the middle of a long 3′ untranslated region (3′UTR), but not at a marker at its start, suggesting regulation of 3′UTR processing. 3′UTR SNP rs17016074 G/A, minor allele frequency (MAF) <1% in Caucasians, 13% in Africans, strongly associates with large allelic mRNA expression imbalance (AEI), resulting in reduced expression of long 3′UTR isoforms. A second 3′UTR SNP (rs356165) associates with moderate AEI and enhances SNCA mRNA expression. The rs17016074 A allele reduces overall 3′UTR expression in luciferase reporter gene assays but supports more efficient translation, resolving previous contradictory results. We failed to detect significant genome‐wide associations for rs17016074, possibly a result of low MAF in Caucasians or its absence from most genotyping panels. In the “Genome Wide Association Study of Yoruba in Nigeria,” rs356165 was associated with reduced memory performance.ConclusionsHere, we identify two cis‐acting regulatory variants affecting SNCA mRNA expression, measured by allelic ratios in the 3′UTR. The rs17016074 minor A allele is associated with higher expression of luciferase protein activity. Resolving the genetic influence of SNCA polymorphisms requires study of the interactions between multiple regulatory variants with distinct frequencies among populations.
A novel‐integrated quality assurance phantom for radiographic and nonradiographic radiotherapy localization and positioning systems
Authors: Yu Amy S. , Fowler Tyler L. , Dubrowski Piotr 
Published: May 2018

PurposeVarious localization and positioning systems utilizing radiographic or nonradiographic methods have been developed to improve the accuracy of radiation treatment. Each quality assurance (QA) procedure requires its own phantom and is independent from each other, so the deviation between each system is unavailable. The purpose of this work is to develop and evaluate a single‐integrated QA phantom for different localization and positioning systems.MethodsThe integrated phantom was designed in three‐dimensional (3D) CAD software and 3D printed. The phantom was designed with laser alignment marks, a raised letter “S” on the anterior surface for optical surface monitoring system registration, a core for radiofrequency (RF) tracking system alignment, eight internal fiducials for image alignment, and an isocentric bearing for Winston–Lutz test. Tilt legs and rotational stage were designed for rotational verification of optical surface mapping system and RF tracking system, respectively. The phantom was scanned using a CT scanner and a QA plan was created. This prototype phantom was evaluated against established QA techniques.ResultsThe QA result between the proposed procedure and established QA technique are 1.12 ± 0.31 and 1.14 ± 0.31 mm, respectively, for RF tracking system and 0.18 ± 0.06 and 0.18 ± 0.05 mm for Winston–Lutz test. There is no significant difference for the QA results between the established QA and proposed procedure (P > 0.05, t test). The accuracy of rotational verification for surface mapping system and RF tracking system are less than 0.5 and 1° compared the predefined value. The isocenter deviation of each location system is around l mm.ConclusionWe have designed and evaluated a novel‐integrated phantom for radiographic and nonradiographic localization and positioning systems for radiotherapy. With this phantom, we will reduce the variation in measurements and simplify the QA procedures.
Activation of p70S6 Kinase-1 in Mesenchymal Stem Cells Is Essential to Lung Tissue Repair
Authors: Takeda Katsuyuki , Ning Fangkun , Domenico Joanne , Okamoto Masakazu , Ashino Shigeru , Kim Sang-Ha , Jeong Yi Yeong , Shiraishi Yoshiki , Terada Naohiro , Sutherland Everett Rand , Gelfand Erwin W. 
Published: May 2018

Abstract
All-trans retinoic acid (ATRA) or mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) have been shown to promote lung tissue regeneration in animal models of emphysema. However, the reparative effects of the combination of the two and the role of p70S6 kinase-1 (p70S6k1) activation in the repair process have not been defined. Twenty-one days after intratracheal instillation of porcine pancreatic elastase (PPE), MSC and/or 10 days of ATRA treatment was initiated. Thirty-two days later, static lung compliance (Cst), mean linear intercepts (MLIs), and alveolar surface area (S) were measured. After PPE, mice demonstrated increased values of Cst and MLI, and decreased S values. Both ATRA and MSC transfer were individually effective in improving these outcomes while the combination of ATRA and MSCs was even more effective. The combination of p70S6k1−/− MSCs transfer followed by ATRA demonstrated only modest effects, and rapamycin treatment of recipients with wild-type (WT) MSCs and ATRA failed to show any effect. However, transfer of p70S6k1 over-expressing-MSCs together with ATRA resulted in further improvements over those seen following WT MSCs together with ATRA. ATRA activated p70S6k1 in MSCs in vitro, which was completely inhibited by rapamycin. Tracking of transferred MSCs following ATRA revealed enhanced accumulation and extended survival of MSCs in recipient lungs following PPE but not vehicle instillation. These data suggest that in MSCs, p70S6k1 activation plays a critical role in ATRA-enhanced lung tissue repair, mediated in part by prolonged survival of transferred MSCs. p70S6k1-activated MSCs may represent a novel therapeutic approach to reverse the lung damage seen in emphysema.
Giant graviton interactions and M2-branes ending on multiple M5-branes
Authors: Hirano Shinji , Sato Yuki 
Published: May 2018

Abstract

We study splitting and joining interactions of giant gravitons with angular momenta N
1/2 ≪ J ≪ N in the type IIB string theory on AdS
5 × S
5 by describing them as instantons in the tiny graviton matrix model introduced by Sheikh-Jabbari. At large J the instanton equation can be mapped to the four-dimensional Laplace equation and the Coulomb potential for m point charges in an n-sheeted Riemann space corresponds to the m-to-n interaction process of giant gravitons. These instantons provide the holographic dual of correlators of all semi-heavy operators and the instanton amplitudes exactly agree with the pp-wave limit of Schur polynomial correlators in

$$ \mathcal{N} $$

N

= 4 SYM computed by Corley, Jevicki and Ramgoolam.
By making a slight change of variables the same instanton equation is mathematically transformed into the Basu-Harvey equation which describes the system of M2-branes ending on M5-branes. As it turns out, the solutions to the sourceless Laplace equation on an n-sheeted Riemann space correspond to n M5-branes connected by M2-branes and we find general solutions representing M2-branes ending on multiple M5-branes. Among other solutions, the n = 3 case describes an M2-branes junction ending on three M5-branes. The effective theory on the moduli space of our solutions might shed light on the low energy effective theory of multiple M5-branes.
Locating the Educator in Outdoor Early Childhood Education
Authors: Dawson Kate , Beattie A. Elizabeth 
Published: May 2018

AbstractWe tell the story of an experience Kate Dawson, her students, and three eagles had at an outdoor preschool. The experience profoundly affected Kate, and prompted us to ask the following questions: What made this experience feel so magical, and what caused it to happen? Why are thesemagical momentsvaluable, and how might they impact our pedagogical practices? We posit that magical moments in outdoor early childhood education depend upon relational andpathicknowledge, and understandingofplace, rather than intellectual or cognitive knowledgeaboutplace. We suggest conditions and practices educators may employ to foster magical moments, including slow ecopedagogy and embodied, sensory, and spiritual attunement to place. We consider our role as educators in the educator-students-place system, particularly when acknowledging that place is agentic, and acts as learner, knower and teacher. To understand place pedagogically, we must think of ourselves as learners and as the objects of learning, as much as thinking of ourselves asknowers. This requires a pedagogy of embodied responsiveness and a surrender to place as teacher. Far from simplifying the work of the educator, living within a relationship of educator-students-place complexifies the practice of teaching.
Networks of Giving and Receiving in an Organizational Context:Dependent Rational Animalsand MacIntyrean Business Ethics
Authors: Bernacchio Caleb 
Published: May 2018

ABSTRACT:Alasdair MacIntyre’sAfter Virtuehas made a significant impact within business ethics. This impact has centered upon applications of the virtues-goods-practices-institutions schema (Moore & Beadle, 2006). In this article, I develop an extension of the practices-institutions schema (Moore, 2017), drawing upon MacIntyre’s later text,Dependent Rational Animals. Two key concepts drawn from this text are “networks of giving and receiving” and “the virtues of acknowledged dependence.” Networks of giving and receiving are non-calculative relationships that enable participants to cope with vulnerability. These relationships are sustained by the virtues of acknowledged dependence, including just generosity,misericordia,and beneficence, virtues that direct participants to treat the needs of others as reasons for action. Drawing upon research in social network theory, I develop an example illustrating the application of these concepts within an organizational and interorganizational context. I then suggest a number of applications and research questions related to this extension of the practices-institutions schema.
The Perils of Multiplex Gastrointestinal Pathogen Panels: Pseudo-outbreaks of Salmonellae and Entamoeba histolytica in Immunocompromised Hosts
Authors: Robilotti Elizabeth , Powell Eleanor , Usiak Shauna , Taur Ying , Babady N. Esther , Kamboj Mini 
Published: May 2018

Two distinct clusters of gastroenteritis due to Salmonellae and Entamoeba histolytica (EH) were identified using a multiplex gastrointestinal pathogen panel (GPP) at a tertiary-care cancer center. Despite temporo-spatial overlap, our investigation did not corroborate transmission or true infection. In clinical practice, GPPs may render false-positive results.Infect Control Hosp Epidemiol 2018;867–870
THE DETERMINANTS OF TRANSNATIONAL HUMAN RIGHTS REPORTING IN ASIA
Authors: Kim Dongwook 
Published: May 2018

AbstractWhy do some national governments in East and Southeast Asia receive more transnational scrutiny and pressure on their domestic human rights practices than others? This article argues that transnational human rights reporting is more likely to target states where domestic activists and victims are densely connected with human rights international nongovernmental organizations (INGOs) through a local membership base. Human rights INGOs increase social demands and opportunities for transnational human rights reporting by strengthening local actors’ capabilities to leverage human rights and international solidarity as an advocacy strategy, and by mobilizing them for monitoring and information collection on the ground. Event count analyses of 25 Asian states from 1977 to 2008 find robust support for the theory, using new data on Amnesty International's human rights reporting and human rights INGOs’ local membership base, and controlling for government respect for human rights, regime type, military power, and other factors.
Ultra-processed food consumption and excess weight among US adults
Authors: Juul Filippa , Martinez-Steele Euridice , Parekh Niyati , Monteiro Carlos A. , Chang Virginia W. 
Published: May 2018

AbstractUltra-processed foods provide 58 % of energy intake and 89 % of added sugars in the American diet. Nevertheless, the association between ultra-processed foods and excess weight has not been investigated in a US sample. The present investigation therefore aims to examine the association between ultra-processed foods and excess weight in a nationally representative sample of US adults. We performed a cross-sectional analysis of anthropometric and dietary data from 15 977 adults (20–64 years) participating in the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey 2005–2014. Dietary data were collected by 24-h recall. Height, weight and waist circumference (WC) were measured. Foods were classified as ultra-processed/non-ultra-processed according to the NOVA classification. Multivariable linear and logistic regression was used to evaluate the association between ultra-processed food consumption (% energy) and BMI, WC and odds of BMI≥25 kg/m2, BMI≥30 kg/m2 and abdominal obesity (men: WC≥102 cm, women: WC≥88 cm). Prevalence of BMI≥25 kg/m2, BMI≥30 kg/m2 and abdominal obesity was 69·2, 36·1 and 53·0 %, respectively. Consuming ≥74·2 v. ≤36·5 % of total energy from ultra-processed foods was associated with 1·61 units higher BMI (95 % CI 1·11, 2·10), 4·07 cm greater WC (95 % CI 2·94, 5·19) and 48, 53 and 62 % higher odds of BMI≥25 kg/m2, BMI≥30 kg/m2 and abdominal obesity, respectively (OR 1·48; 95 % CI 1·25, 1·76; OR 1·53; 95 % CI 1·29, 1·81; OR 1·62; 95 % CI 1·39, 1·89, respectively; Pfor trend<0·001 for all). A significant interaction between being female and ultra-processed food consumption was found for BMI (F4,79=4·89, P=0·002), WC (F4,79=3·71, P=0·008) and BMI≥25 kg/m2 (F4,79=5·35, P<0·001). As the first study in a US population, our findings support that higher consumption of ultra-processed food is associated with excess weight, and that the association is more pronounced among women.