bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Comparative study of graft materials used in myringoplasty
Authors: Gupta Anchal , Gupta Apurab , Jamwal Padam Singh 
Published: April 2019

<p class="abstract"><strong>Background:</strong> Various graft materials are used for myringoplasty in practice. Present study was done to compare the hearing improvement and graft uptake rate in patients with inactive mucosal type chronic otitis media with central perforation undergoing myringoplasty using either of the two graft materials: temporalis fascia and conchal perichondrium.</p><p class="abstract"><strong>Methods:</strong> Patients with tubotympanic type of chronic suppurative otitis media were selected from patients attending the ENT OPD of SMGS Hospital, Government Medical College, Jammu between July 2016 to March 2018. This study included 100 patients out of which 50 were subjected to myringoplasty with temporalis fascia grafting (Group 1) and remaining 50 to conchal perichondrium grafting (Group 2) using underlay technique. The comparative study was done on following parameters-graft uptake and audiological outcome. </p><p class="abstract"><strong>Results:</strong> 82% patients were of age less than 30 years. The overall male: female ratio was 1.3:1. In Group 1, 76% had gain of 15 db while 12% had gain of &gt;15 db. In Group 2, 72% had gain of 15 db and 8% had gain of &gt;15 db. The graft was intact in 84% patients. 12% of Group 1 patients, showed residual perforation whereas it was 20% in Group 2 patients.</p><p class="abstract"><strong>Conclusions:</strong> The study showed that: the temporalis fascia graft is better than conchal perichondrial graft for closure of perforations in inactive mucosal type of chronic otitis media with central perforation because of maximum hearing improvement and minimal failure rate in group receiving temporalis fascia graft.</p>
O papel e a trajetória da Pesquisa Científica na formação de professores de Matemática: um Estudo de uma licenciatura
Authors: BITENCOURT LORIÉGE PESSOA , Moura Liliana Karla Jorge de 
Published: April 2019

Neste artigo apresentam-se algumas reflexões a partir de práticas docentes em duas disciplinas curriculares: Pesquisa em Educação Matemática (PEM) e TCC I, respectivamente, no 5° e 6° semestres da formação inicial do professor de Matemática, desenvolvida em uma universidade pública do estado de Mato Grosso. Discute-se sobre a importância e o papel da pesquisa científica na formação inicial em Matemática, com a perspectiva de evidenciar, na trajetória desse componente curricular, os pontos positivos desse processo formativo de pesquisa e os resultados encontrados até o momento. Aborda-se também o modo com que o processo formativo de pesquisa se materializa na matriz curricular da licenciatura em pauta e na prática dos sujeitos envolvidos nesse processo: docentes e discentes. O artigo tem como objetivo articular discussões sobre pesquisa científica na formação de professores de Matemática, currículo (Processo formativo) e docência universitária, em interação com os discentes no processo formativo. Os dados foram coletados durante dois semestres letivos, 2015/2 e 2016/1, por meio de reflexões realizadas nas disciplinas visadas. O estudo, de abordagem qualitativa e caráter descritivo analítico, envolveu a participação direta dos pesquisadores no ambiente investigado. Para subsidiar a análise foi realizado um levantamento bibliográfico, com enfoque na investigação científica e na análise documental, visando verificar, em documentos, as diretrizes, internas e externas para o processo formativo da pesquisa nas licenciaturas. Parte dos resultados e discussões possibilitou traçar o perfil dos estudantes das duas disciplinas, explanando o processo de pesquisa em ambas. Assim, ficou explícito, na análise, que a estrutura curricular proposta em 2012 permite que o aluno vivencie o processo de forma contínua, proporcionando melhor aprofundamento do tema, e também um trabalho conjunto e colaborativo mediante acompanhamento do professor orientador.
ECOLOGY OF CHIROPTERA BATS IN ALTAI-SAYAN REGION OF SOUTHERN SIBERIA
Authors: Zhigalin A. V. , Gadzhiev A. A. , Daudova M. G. , Salimkhanov N. G. , Shestopalov A. M. 
Published: April 2019

Aim.The aim of this work is to summarize the available data on zoogeographic analysis and fauna of the bats of the Altai-Sayan region.Discussion.The chiropterofauna of the AltaiSayan highlands includes the representatives of 13 species. The obtained data on the distribution of bats in the region made it possible for the first time to carry out a zoogeographic analysis of the chiropterofauna of the Altai-Sayan highland. The faunal complex of bats in the study area and adjacent territories is represented by boreal, European and Central Asian species. The cluster analysis by Jaccard coefficient allowed us to distinguish two main chiropterological complexes: Altai-Sayan and Ubsunur. Our boundary between these complexes coincides or is close to the biogeographic boundaries drawn for various groups of vertebrates and invertebrates, as well as plants.Conclusion.Altai-Sayan territory is inhabited by 13 bat species of six genera belonging to Vespertilionidae family. The most common species are the following: eastern water bat –Myotis petaxHollister, 1912; Siberian bat –Myotis sibiricusKastschenko, 1905; Ikonnikov's bat –Myotis ikonnikovOgnev, 1912; Northern bat –Eptesicus nilssoniiKeyserling, Blasius, 1839; Parti-coloured bat –Vespertilio murinusLinnaeus, 1758; Ognev's long-eared bat –Plecotus ogneviKishida, 1927. In the fauna of the region, the boundary between two chiropterological complexes (Altai-Sayan and Ubsunur) runs through Kurtushibinsk-Usinsk province.
Field Epidemiological Study of the Risk Factors of Brucellosis Insidence in the Jalal-Abad Region of Kyrgyz Republic
Authors: Abdikarimov S. T. , Kydyshov K. , Usenbaev N. T. , Duishenalieva E. M. 
Published: April 2019

Objective of this study was to determine the risk factors of brucellosis morbidity in the Jalal-Abad Region of Kyrgyzstan. Materials and methods. A case-control study was conducted in the process of field epidemiological survey of risk factors of brucellosis incidence that lasted for 6 month in the year 2018 in the Jalal-Abad Region. The study involved 180 respondents (90 cases and 90 controls). Cases of brucellosis were identified on the basis of epidemiological, clinical and laboratory criteria. Respondents were interviewed using the developed questionnaire to obtain information on the risk factors. To determine the exposure/ disease ratio, the odds ratio (OR) was calculated for each factor. Results and discussion. It was revealed that the intake of unpasteurized homemade cream (OR = 2.8; CI = 1.5–5.2; p = 0.0001), grilled meat (shish-kebabs) (OR = 5.1; CI = 2.5–10.4; p = 0.0001); cases of abortion or stillbirth among animals in households (OR = 11.3; CI = 4.2–30.6; p = 0.0001), stall cleaning (OR = 2.5; CI = 1.3–4.626; p = 0.0001), shearing of sheep (OR = 2.6; CI = 1.2–5.6; p = 0.01) and animal slaughter (OR = 2.9; CI = 1.2–6.5; p = 0.01) are statistically significant in relation to the risk of infection with brucellosis. To that end, the listed factors are the key risk factors for brucellosis infection. The livestock keeping in private households (OR = 7.1; CI = 3.0–16.5; p = 0.0001) is also of great importance as a risk factor. For implementation of any preventive measures against brucellosis the value of the OR indicator (OR = 0.8, CI = 0.04–0.18; p = 0.0001) proves their reasonability.
Analysis of Crimean Hemorrhagic Fever Morbidity Rates in the Russian Federation in 2009– 2018 and Forecast for 2019
Authors: Volynkina A. S. , Pakskina N. D. , Kotenev E. S. , Maletskaya O. V. , Shaposhnikova L. I. , Kolosov A. V. , Vasilenko N. F. , Manin E. A. , Prislegina D. A. , Yatsmenko E. V. , Kulichenko A. N. 
Published: April 2019

The review presents the analysis of epidemic and epizootic situation on Crimean hemorrhagic fever (CHF)in the Russian Federation in 2009–2018. Over the past decade, 980 CHF cases have been registered in Russia (2,8 %lethal). In 2009–2018, there was a significant expansion of the epidemiologically active area of the natural CHF focus.Epizootiological monitoring of the territory of natural CHF focus showed that in 2009–2018 the number of imago andpreimaginal phases of Hyalomma marginatum – the main vector of the CCHF virus in Russia, remained consistently high.The average long-term rate of Ixodidae ticks infestation by the CCHF virus in 2013–2017 was 3,3 %. In 2009–2018 in the south of the European part of Russia CCHF virus variants belonging to the genetic lines Europe-1 (V), Europe-3 (VII) and Africa-3 (III) were detected. There were no significant changes in the ratio of circulating genetic variants of the virus in the regions of the Russian Federation, which confirms the relative stability of the CCHF virus population. In 2018, CHF morbidity rate in the Russian Federation retained downward trend, however, in some regions of South Federal District the number of CHF cases increased. One of the reasons for CHF morbidity rate decrement in the Russian Federation in 2018 was the well-timed acaricidal treatments of cattle and natural biotopes in most of CHF endemic regions.
Epidemic Activity of Natural Tularemia Foci in the Territory of the Russian Federation in 2018 and Forecast of the Situation for 2019
Authors: Kudryavtseva T. Yu. , Popov V. P. , Mokrievich A. N. , Pakskina N. D. , Kholin A. V. , Mazepa A. V. , Kulikalova E. S. , Kosilko S. A. , Birkovskaya Yu. A. , Trankvilevsky D. V. , Khramov M. V. , Dyatlov I. A. 
Published: April 2019

Objective of the study – assessment of epizootic and epidemic situation on tularemia in 2018 and forecasting the risk of infection in the territory of the Russian Federation in 2019. Analysis of epidemiological situation was carried out on the basis of the data from monitoring activities performed by the Rospotrebnadzor institutions and the data contained in the reports of the Irkutsk Research Anti-Plague Institute of Siberia and Far East, Plague Control Center, Federal Center of Hygiene and Epidemiology, as well as federal statistical survey forms No 5 “Information on preventive vaccination” and No 2 “Information on infectious and parasitic diseases” over the period of January-December 2018 in eight Federal Districts including 85 constituent entities. Given are the retrospective data on tularemia epidemic situation in the territory of the Russian Federation over the past decade. 1944 human tularemia cases were registered in Russia between 2009 and 2018, 1005 out of which occurred during epidemic outbreak in 2013 in Khanty-Manssiysk Autonomous Region. High sporadic and small cluster incidence was mainly observed in the territories of the North-estern and Siberian Federal Districts over the recent years. In 2018, 71 cases of human infection with tularemia agent were reported. Epizootic manifestations of varying degree of intensity were detected in 52 entities of Russia. Against that background, sporadic cases of human infection were registered in 19 regions of the country. For three years epidemic complications expressed to the maximum were observed in the Omsk Region – 18 cases of tularemia infection, and Karelia – 14 cases, respectively. 15 Francisella tularensis cultures were isolated from ambient environment objects in Pskov, Leningrad Regions, Altai Territory, Republics of Altai and Tuva. Conclusions have been drawn in relation to the regions where epidemic complications associated with tularemia are most likely to emerge in 2019.
Current State of the Problem of Vaccine Development for Specific Prophylaxis of Plague
Authors: Mikshis N. I. , Kutyrev V. V. 
Published: April 2019

Emergence of large-scale plague outbreaks in Africa and South America countries in the modern period, characterized by high frequency of pneumonic plague development (including with lethal outcome) keeps up the interest of scientists to the matters of development and testing of means for specific prophylaxis of this particularly dangerous infectious disease. WHO workshop that was held in 2018 identified the general principles of optimization of design and testing of new-generation vaccines effectively protecting the population from plague infection. Application of the achievements of biological and medical sciences for outlining rational strategy for construction of immunobiological preparations led to a certain progress in the creation of not only sub-unit vaccines based on recombinant antigens, but also live and vector preparations on the platform of safe bacterial strains and replicating and non-replicating viruses in recent years. The review comprehensively considers the relevant trends in vaccine construction for plague prevention, describes advantages of the state-of-the art methodologies for their safety and efficiency enhancement.
Improvement of the Scientifically-Substantiated Model of Sanitary-Epidemiological Welfare Provision During Mass Events by the Example of FIFA World Cup-2018 in Russia
Authors: Popova A. Yu. , Ezhlova E. V. , Demina Yu. V. , Pakskina N. D. , Skudareva O. N. , Karnaukhov I. G. , Toporkov V. P. , Udovichenko S. K. , Shiyanova A. E. , Kedrova O. V. , Kazakova E. S. , Shcherbakova S. A. , Kutyrev V. V. 
Published: April 2019

In 2018, between June14 and July 15, final matches of the FIFA World Cup-2018 were held in 11 cities of the Russian Federation. That event was the biggest mass event with international participation in the history of Russia. During the period, in the process of sanitary-epidemiological welfare provision, developed earlier scintific-and-practical achievementds for prevention of emergency situations of sanitary-epidemiologoical character were implemented to the fullest extent. Objective of the study – analysis of evolution of the developed in Russia scientifically-substantiated approaches in the sphere of sanitary-epidemiological welfare provision of mass events and aggregation of the results of their implementation during preparation and holding of FIFA World-Cup-2018. Utilized were information-analytical materials from the Rospotrebnadzor Administrations by the constituent entities of the Russian Federatuion, Centers of Hygiene and Epidemiology in the entities of the Russian Federation, RusRAPI “Microbe” of the Rospotrebnadzor, data from Organizing Committee “Russia-2018”, Federal Turism Agency, information published in periodical press. Scientifically substantiated model of sanitary-epidemiological welfare provision during mass events was developed in the Russian Federation. It includes expert evaluation and quantification of potential epidemic hazard of mass event which allows for targeted prophylactic and anti-epidemic measures with rationalized loads and adequate frequency of repeat. The paper discusses the complex of measures carried out during preparation and holding of FIFA World Cup-2018 by the functional areas: sanitary protection of the territory; epidemiological surveillnace over relevant anthropozoonotic, natural-focal zoonotic, sapronotic infectious diseaseas; sanitary surveillance over communal facilities, catering facilities, sites of accomodation of the participants and guests; sanitary-hygienic monitoring of ambient environment objects; provision of anti-epidemic preparadeness and readiness of the Rospotrebnadzor authorities and institutions and medical organizations; provision of readiness of laboratory facilities; involvement of additional forces and capacities and interagency cooperation in response to emergency situations of sanitary-epidemiological character.
Analysis of the Current Epidemiological Situation in Natural Plague Foci around the World. Enhancement of the Effectiveness of Epidemiological Surveillance in Natural Plague Foci of the Russian Federation and Forecast of their Epizootic Activity for 2019
Authors: Popov N. V. , Karnaukhov I. G. , Pakskina N. D. , Eroshenko G. A. , Kuznetsov A. A. , Matrosov A. N. , Porshakov A. M. , Kouklev E. V. , Ivanova A. V. , Korzun V. M. , Kosilko S. A. , Zenkevich E. S. , Popov V. P. , Lopatin A. A. , Ayazbaev T. Z. , Balakhonov S. V. , Kutyrev V. V. 
Published: April 2019

The paper presents the analysis of epidemic activity of natural plague foci around the world, including in CIS and the Russian Federation, over the period of 2000–2018. It was established that in 2010–2018, epidemic manifestations took place in natural plague foci where the main carriers are synanthropic (black, multinippled rats) and commercial (marmots, souslik, ground squirrels) species of rodents. Retaining of low epizootic activity of lowland natural plague foci in the territory of the Russian Federation is observed. In 2018, plague epizooties were detected in the territory of the Gorno-Altai high-mountain and Tuva mountain natural foci, the total coverage area being 2641 km2. 13 strains of the main subspecies and 6 strains of Altaic subspecies of plague microbe were isolated. Demonstrated were the prospects of GIS-technology usage for the enhancement of epidemiological surveillance over plague in Russia. Epizootiological forecast for persisting challenging epidemiological situation in Kosh-Agach district of the Republic of Altai and Mongun-Taiginsky, Ovyursky and Tes-Khemsky Kozhuuns of the Republic of Tuva was substantiated. Recorded was high probability of retention of strained epizootic and epidemiological situation in the south and central parts of the desert zone in the Republic of Kazakhstan, high-mountain areas of the Republic of Kyrgyzstan. Also conservation of epidemic risks for the territories of the countries in Africa (Republic of Madagascar), South (Peru, Bolivia), and North (USA) America, China, and Mongolia was noted.
Epidemiological Situation on Anthrax in 2018, the Forecast for 2019
Authors: Ryazanova A. G. , Ezhlova E. B. , Pakskina N. D. , Semenova O. V. , Aksenova L. Yu. , Eremenko E. I. , Buravtseva N. P. , Golovinskaya T. M. , Varfolomeeva N. G. , Chmerenko D. K. , Pechkovsky G. A. , Kulichenko A. N. 
Published: April 2019

Analysis of the anthrax incidence in the Russian Federation over the period of 2009–2018 showed that the infections among the population were recorded in 14 regions of 6 Federal Districts. 23 anthrax outbreaks among people were revealed, where 90 people got sick with 3 lethal outcomes. In comparison to the previous ten-year period (1999–2008), the number of cases of the disease was reduced by 1.6 times. Three cases of cutaneous anthrax were registered in two constituent entities of the Russian Federation in 2018 – the Republic of Dagestan (1) and the Republic of Tyva (2). Outbreaks of infection among livestock animals and people were recorded in such neighboring states as Georgia, Kazakhstan, China, Kyrgyzstan, and Ukraine. Epizootiological and epidemiological instability as regards anthrax was observed in several countries of Asia and Africa. Human infection occurred as a result of contact with sick and dead animals in the process of slaughter and cutting of carcasses, consuming infected meat. Anthrax morbidity rates among animals and people in the Russian Federation in 2019 will depend on the comprehensiveness of implementation of the plans for anthrax prevention, and in case those plans will be realized at the maximum scale incidence will be limited to single cases.
The Relationship Between Dural Ossification and Spinal Stenosis in Thoracic Ossification of the Ligamentum Flavum
Authors: Yu Lingjia , Li Bo , Yu Yifeng , Li Wenjing , Qiu Guixing , Zhao Yu 
Published: April 2019

Background:
Dural ossification represents a difficult problem in the surgical management of thoracic ossification of the ligamentum flavum. Few studies have focused on this condition because of the relatively low prevalence. We speculated that dural ossification occurs only when spinal stenosis of patients with thoracic ossification of the ligamentum flavum progresses. Herein, we aimed to determine the relationship between dural ossification and spinal stenosis in thoracic ossification of the ligamentum flavum.

Methods:
In this study, 123 consecutive patients with ossification of the ligamentum flavum were retrospectively analyzed. Sixty-seven patients were ultimately included and were divided into a group that had dural ossification and a group that did not have dural ossification. Patient characteristics and radiographic data were recorded. The cross-sectional area occupying ratio ([1 – cross-sectional area of the narrowest level/normal cross-sectional area] × 100%) was measured and was calculated by 3 independent observers, followed by statistical analysis.

Results:
The 2 groups were comparable with respect to sex, age, body mass index, and distribution of the segment with maximum compression. The mean cross-sectional area occupying ratio (and standard deviation) in the T9-T12 subgroup in the group with dural ossification (63.4% ± 8.6%) was significantly higher (p < 0.001) than that in the group without dural ossification (30.7% ± 10.4%). The overall interobserver reliability for measurements of the cross-sectional area occupying ratio (interclass correlation coefficient, 0.976) was excellent. Thus, the cross-sectional area occupying ratio could be used as an indicator to distinguish between patients with ossification of the ligamentum flavum who did and did not have dural ossification, with a high diagnostic value, in the T9-T12 subgroup. A cross-sectional area occupying ratio of >55% (sensitivity of 81.5% and specificity of 100%), the “ossification zone,” was indicative of dural ossification in patients with ossification of the ligamentum flavum, whereas a value of <45% (sensitivity of 100% and specificity of 89.7%) was considered safe. Moreover, ratios between 45% and 55% were considered to be in the “gray zone.”

Conclusions:
The results of this study indicate that the severity of spinal stenosis was significantly associated with dural ossification in ossification of the ligamentum flavum and the cross-sectional area occupying ratio may be used as an indicator of dural ossification in the lower thoracic spine.

Clinical Relevance:
The diagnosis of dural ossification was based on the intraoperative evidence, and the results could help spine surgeons to prepare for the surgical procedure.
Femoral Bone Remodeling in Revision Total Hip Arthroplasty with Use of Modular Compared with Monoblock Tapered Fluted Titanium Stems
Authors: Huang Yong , Shao Hongyi , Zhou Yixin , Gu Jianming , Tang Hao , Yang Dejin 
Published: April 2019

Background:
To our knowledge, no previous studies have compared periprosthetic bone remodeling around monoblock versus modular tapered fluted titanium stems with different stem length and thickness.

Methods:
A retrospective comparative study was performed on 139 consecutive total hip arthroplasties (THAs) revised with a tapered fluted modular titanium stem and 114 consecutive THAs revised with a tapered fluted monoblock titanium stem. The latest follow-up radiographs were compared with immediate postoperative radiographs to assess bone restoration in residual osteolytic areas, femoral stress-shielding, spot-welds, and radiolucent lines. Diameter and medullary canal filling of the 2 stems were measured.

Results:
More patients in the monoblock group demonstrated osseous restoration than in the modular group (p = 0.009), and the modular stem exerted more severe stress-shielding on the femur (p < 0.001). Stem tip spot-welds developed in 88.5% of modular stems compared with 47.4% of the monoblock stems (p < 0.001). Spot-welds developed in 38.8% of modular stems at the modular junction. Partial or circumferential radiolucent lines were observed at the proximal segment of 30.9% of modular stems, compared with 14.0% of monoblock stems (p = 0.002).

Conclusions:
Compared with the longer and thinner monoblock stems, modular stems had less proximal osseous restoration in residual osteolytic areas and more severe femoral stress-shielding, stem tip spot-welds, and radiolucent lines around the stems, which were stiffer and had a shorter distal section. The stem diameter and stiffness (which were influenced by stem length, curvature, and modularity) determined bone remodeling patterns.

Level of Evidence:
Therapeutic Level III. See Instructions for Authors for a complete description of levels of evidence.