bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Exploratory dietary patterns: a systematic review of methods applied in pan-European studies and of validation studies
Authors: Jannasch Franziska , Riordan Fiona , Andersen Lene F. , Schulze Matthias B. 
Published: August 2018

AbstractBesides a priori approaches, using previous knowledge about food characteristics, exploratory dietary pattern (DP) methods, using data at hand, are commonly applied. This systematic literature review aimed to identify exploratory methods on DP in pan-European studies and to inform the development of the DEterminants of DIet and Physical ACtivity (DEDIPAC) toolbox of methods suitable for use in future European studies. The search was conducted in three databases on prospective studies in healthy, free-living people across the whole life span. To identify validated DP methods, an additional search without regional restrictions was conducted. Studies including at least two European countries were retained. The search resulted in six pan-European studies applying principal component/factor analysis (PC/FA) (n 5) or cluster analysis (n 2). The criteria to retain PC/factors ranged from the application of the eigenvalue>1 criterion, the scree plot and/or the interpretability criterion. Furthermore, seven validation studies were identified: DP, derived by PC/FA (n 6) or reduced rank regression (RRR) (n 1) were compared using dietary information from FFQ (n 6) or dietary history (n 1) as study instrument and dietary records (n 6) or 24-h dietary recalls (n 1) as reference. The correlation coefficients for the derived DP ranged from modest to high. To conclude, PC/FA was predominantly applied using the eigenvalue criterion and scree plot to retain DP, but a better description of the applied criteria is highly recommended to enable a standardised application of the method. Research gaps were identified for the methods cluster analysis and RRR, as well as for validation studies on DP.
Experimental murine model of neurocysticercosis: first report of cerebellum as a location for Mesocestoides corti tetrathyridia
Authors: Fabbri J. , Elissondo M.C. 
Published: August 2018

AbstractNeurocysticercosis is a parasitic disease caused by encysted larvae ofTaenia soliumin the human central nervous system. Cysts mainly affect the cerebral hemispheres, although they can also be found in ventricles, basal cisterns, and subarachnoid spaces, and rarely in the cerebellum. Given the impossibility of studying the disease in human patients, Cardonaet al. (1999) developed a mouse model of neurocysticercosis, usingMesocestoides corti, a closely related cestode. This allows us to study the parasite–host relationship and the mechanisms involved in the disease, in order to improve the therapy. In this murine model of neurocysticercosis, the location of tetrathyridia in parenchyma, ventricles and meninges has already been reported. The aim of this work is to report the cerebellum as a new location forM. cortitetrathyridia in the murine model of neurocysticercosis. A murine model that reproduces the human pathology is essential to evaluate the symptomatology and response to drug treatment in experimentally infected mice.
Neurocognition and adaptive functioning in a genetic high risk model of schizophrenia
Authors: Fiksinski A. M. , Breetvelt E. J. , Lee Y. J. , Boot E. , Butcher N. , Palmer L. , Chow E. W. C. , Kahn R. S. , Vorstman J. A. S. , Bassett A. S. 
Published: August 2018

AbstractBackgroundIdentifying factors that influence the functional outcome is an important goal in schizophrenia research. The 22q11.2 deletion syndrome (22q11DS) is a unique genetic model with high risk (20–25%) for schizophrenia. This study aimed to identify potentially targetable domains of neurocognitive functioning associated with functional outcome in adults with 22q11DS.MethodsWe used comprehensive neurocognitive test data available for 99 adults with 22q11DS (n = 43 with schizophrenia) and principal component analysis to derive four domains of neurocognition (Verbal Memory, Visual and Logical Memory, Motor Performance, and Executive Performance). We then investigated the association of these neurocognitive domains with adaptive functioning using Vineland Adaptive Behavior Scales data and a linear regression model that accounted for the effects of schizophrenia status and overall intellectual level.ResultsThe regression model explained 46.8% of the variance in functional outcome (p < 0.0001). Executive Performance was significantly associated with functional outcome (p = 0.048). Age and schizophrenia were also significant factors. The effects of Executive Performance on functioning did not significantly differ between those with and without psychotic illness.ConclusionThe findings provide the impetus for further studies to examine the potential of directed (early) interventions targeting Executive Performance to improve long-term adaptive functional outcome in individuals with, or at high risk for, schizophrenia. Moreover, the neurocognitive test profiles may benefit caregivers and clinicians by providing insight into the relative strengths and weaknesses of individuals with 22q11DS, with and without psychotic illness.
A study for the dosimetric evaluation of rotational setup error for
lung stereotactic body radiation therapy
Authors: Mossahebi Sina , Langner Ulrich , Prado Karl , Lee Minsik , Yi ByongYong 
Published: August 2018

AbstractPurposeTo investigate the necessity of rotational shifts by considering dosimetric
impact of rotational errors on stereotactic body radiation therapy
(SBRT).Materials and methods20 lung patients with the lesion size <5 cm treated with SBRT have
been selected for dosimetric analysis. Three-dimensional dose has been
rotationally shifted (±1°, ±3°,
±5° for pitch, roll and yaw) and overlaid to the original
computed tomography images. The dose–volume histograms of
18-rotational plans of each patient were compared to those of the original
plan.ResultsNo significant dosimetric differences were observed in target coverage. For
all of the cases up to 5° in any couch angle dose differences of
D99 and D95 were
<3%. Variations of conformity index were observed to be less
than 0·05. None of the organ at risk doses exceeded the dose limit.
The V20 differences of the ipsilateral and the
total lungs were less than 0·4%.ConclusionIt has been found to be unnecessary to perform rotational shifts up to
5° for lung SBRT treatments; the translational shift is sufficient
for the cases used in this study. This method may be applied and tested
after planning and before treatment initiation to rule out exceptionally
extreme cases.
High‐Pressure/Temperature Behavior of the Alkali/Calcium Carbonate Shortite (Na2Ca2(CO3)3): Implications for Carbon Sequestration in Earth's Transition Zone
Authors: Vennari Cara E. , Beavers Christine M. , Williams Quentin 
Published: August 2018

AbstractThe behavior of shortite (Na2Ca2(CO3)3) has been probed using synchrotron‐based single crystal X‐ray diffraction and Raman spectroscopy at high pressures and following laser heating to illuminate carbon retention within the deep earth, and phase equilibria of alkali/calcium carbonate‐rich systems. Above 15 GPa, a transition to the shortite‐II structure occurs at 300 K. This phase is novel as it involves a large distortion of the carbonates, with an onset of 3 + 1 coordination and near‐dimerization of carbonate groups. Above 22 GPa, shortite‐II amorphizes. Samples laser heated at pressures between 12 and 30 GPa crystallize in a new structure, shortite‐III. Below 12 GPa, this phase appears to decompose into a mixture of shortite, nyerereite (Na2Ca(CO3)2), and aragonite (CaCO3) in accord with prior phase equilibria results. The high‐pressure behavior of nyerereite using Raman spectroscopy was also investigated to 25 GPa. The structural response of shortite to pressure is modulated by the sodium cations in the structure; hence, the behavior of alkali‐rich carbonates within kimberlitic systems at depth is likely dependent on the bonding and local geometry of alkali cations. Our results show that complex, dense high‐pressure structures are generated in the shortite system, and phase equilibria of the protoliths of carbonatites and kimberlites at deep upper mantle and transition zone pressures will involve intermediate alkali‐calcium carbonate phases, including the high‐pressure phases of shortite. Moreover, 3 + 1 coordination of carbon is observed at far lower pressures than other systems: this coordination could become important in complex carbonates and possibly liquids at substantially shallower depths than previously anticipated.
Ash From the Changbaishan Qixiangzhan Eruption: A New Early Holocene Marker Horizon Across East Asia
Authors: Sun Chunqing , Wang Luo , Plunkett Gill , You Haitao , Zhu Zeyang , Zhang Lei , Zhang Bin , Chu Guoqiang , Liu Jiaqi 
Published: August 2018

AbstractPrehistoric Holocene eruptions of Changbaishan volcano in Northeast China are poorly dated, with the exception of the 946 CE Millennium eruption. Poorly refined age estimates for the earlier eruptions present problems for the reconstruction of the eruptive history of the volcano. The Qixiangzhan eruption (QE) is a major controversial event in terms of its eruptive timing (ranging from ~88 to ~4 kyr) and style (effusive or explosive). As a result of the imprecise age estimates for the eruption, a geomagnetic field excursion recorded within the QE comendite has been variably correlated with a number of different excursion events observed elsewhere. In this study, a visible early Holocene tephra was identified in Yuanchi Lake, ~30 km east of the Changbaishan volcanic vent, and was dated to 8831‐8100 cal yr BP using Bayesian age modelling. Glass shard compositions enable the correlation of this tephra with the poorly dated QE, as well as with a tephra (SG14‐1058) recorded in Lake Suigetsu, in central Japan. These correlations confirm that the QE was explosive and that the ash from the QE can serve as an important early Holocene marker bed across East Asia. In addition, we propose an age of ~8100 cal yr BP for the QE based on the precise date of the Suigetsu SG14‐1058 tephra. Our results also confirm that the geomagnetic field excursion recorded in the Qixiangzhan comendite dates to ~8100 cal yr BP.
Interseismic Ground Deformation and Fault Slip Rates in the Greater San Francisco Bay Area From Two Decades of Space Geodetic Data
Authors: Xu Wenbin , Wu Songbo , Materna Kathryn , Nadeau Robert , Floyd Michael , Funning Gareth , Chaussard Estelle , Johnson Christopher W. , Murray Jessica R. , Ding Xiaoli , Bürgmann Roland 
Published: August 2018

AbstractThe detailed spatial variations of strain accumulation and creep on major faults in the northern San Francisco Bay Area (North Bay), which are important for seismic potential and evaluation of natural hazards, remain poorly understood. Here we combine interferometric synthetic aperture radar data from the ERS‐1/2 and Envisat satellites between 1992 and 2010 with continuous and campaign GPS data to obtain a high spatial and temporal coverage of ground deformation of the North Bay. The SAR data from both ascending and descending orbits are combined to separate horizontal and vertical components of the deformation. We jointly invert the horizontal component of the mean velocities derived from these data to infer the deep strike‐slip rates on major locked faults. We use the estimated deep rates to simulate the long‐wavelength deformation due to interseismic elastic strain accumulation along these locked faults. After removing the long‐wavelength signal from the InSAR horizontal mean velocity field, we estimate fault‐parallel surface creep rates of up to 2 mm/year along the central section of the Rodgers Creek fault and surface creep rates ranging between 2 and 4 mm/year along the Concord fault. No surface creep is geodetically resolved along the West Napa and Green Valley fault zones. We identified characteristically repeating earthquakes on the Rodgers Creek fault, the West Napa fault, the Green Valley fault, and the Concord fault. Nontectonic deformation in the Geysers geothermal field and in Late Cenozoic basins (Rohnert Park and Sonoma basins) are also observed, likely due to hydrological and sediment‐compaction processes, respectively.
Male increase in brain gene expression variability is linked to genetic risk for schizophrenia
Authors: Chen Junfang , Cao Han , Meyer-Lindenberg Andreas , Schwarz Emanuel 
Published: August 2018

AbstractSchizophrenia shows substantial sex differences in age of onset, course, and treatment response, but the biological basis of these effects is incompletely understood. Here we show that during human development, males show a regionally specific decrease in brain expression similarity compared to females. The genes modulating this effect were significantly co-expressed with schizophrenia risk genes during prefrontal cortex brain development in the fetal period as well as during early adolescence. This suggests a genetic contribution to a mechanism through which developmental abnormalities manifest with psychosis during adolescence. It further supports sex differences in brain expression variability as a factor underlying the well-established sex differences in schizophrenia.
History of autoimmune conditions and lymphoma prognosis
Authors: Kleinstern Geffen , Maurer Matthew J. , Liebow Mark , Habermann Thomas M. , Koff Jean L. , Allmer Cristine , Witzig Thomas E. , Nowakowski Grzegorz S. , Micallef Ivana N. , Johnston Patrick B. , Inwards David J. , Thompson Carrie A. , Feldman Andrew L. , Link Brian K. , Flowers Christopher , Slager Susan L. , Cerhan James R. 
Published: August 2018

AbstractAutoimmune conditions are strong risk factors for developing lymphoma, but their role in lymphoma prognosis is less clear. In a prospective cohort study, we evaluated self-reported history of eight autoimmune conditions with outcomes in 736 diffuse large B-cell, 703 follicular, 302 marginal zone (MZL), 193 mantle cell (MCL), 297 Hodgkin lymphoma (HL), and 186 T-cell lymphomas. We calculated event-free survival (EFS) and overall survival (OS), and estimated hazard ratios (HRs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs), adjusting for sex, prognostic score, and treatment. History of any of the eight autoimmune conditions ranged from 7.4% in HL to 18.2% in MZL, and was not associated with EFS or OS for any lymphoma subtype. However, there was a positive association of autoimmune conditions primarily mediated by B-cell responses with inferior EFS in MCL (HR = 2.23, CI: 1.15–4.34) and HL (HR = 2.63, CI: 1.04–6.63), which was largely driven by rheumatoid arthritis. Autoimmune conditions primarily mediated by T-cell responses were not found to be associated with EFS or OS in any lymphoma subtype, although there were few events for this exposure. Our results indicate that distinguishing autoimmune conditions primarily mediated by B-cell/T-cell responses may yield insight regarding the impact of this comorbid disease, affecting ~10% of lymphoma patients, on survival.
Non-invasive monitoring of diffuse large B-cell lymphoma by cell-free DNA high-throughput targeted sequencing: analysis of a prospective cohort
Authors: Bohers Elodie , Viailly Pierre-Julien , Becker Stéphanie , Marchand Vinciane , Ruminy Philippe , Maingonnat Catherine , Bertrand Philippe , Etancelin Pascaline , Picquenot Jean-Michel , Camus Vincent , Menard Anne-Lise , Lemasle Emilie , Contentin Nathalie , Leprêtre Stéphane , Lenain Pascal , Stamatoullas Aspasia , Lanic Hélène , Libraire Julie , Vaudaux Sandrine , Pepin Louis-Ferdinand , Vera Pierre , Tilly Hervé , Jardin Fabrice 
Published: August 2018

AbstractFrom a liquid biopsy, cell-free DNA (cfDNA) can provide information regarding basal tumoral genetic patterns and changes upon treatment. In a prospective cohort of 30 diffuse large B-cell lymphomas (DLBCL), we determined the clinical relevance of cfDNA using targeted next-generation sequencing and its correlation with PET scan imaging at the time of diagnosis and during treatment. Using a dedicated DLBCL panel, mutations were identified at baseline for 19 cfDNAs and profiles were consistent with expected DLBCL patterns. Tumor burden-related clinical and PET scan features (LDH, IPI, and metabolic tumor volume) were significantly correlated with the quantity of tumoral cfDNA. Among the four patients presenting additional mutations in their cfDNAs, three had high metabolic tumor volumes, suggesting that cfDNA more accurately reflects tumor heterogeneity than tissues biopsy itself. Mid-treatment, four patients still had basal mutations in their cfDNAs, including three in partial response according to their Deauville scores. Our study highlights the major interests in liquid biopsy, in particular in the context of bulky tumors where cfDNA allows capturing the entire tumoral mutation profile. Therefore, cfDNA analysis in DLBCL represents a complementary approach to PET scan imaging.
Berberine ameliorates blockade of autophagic flux in the liver by regulating cholesterol metabolism and inhibiting COX2-prostaglandin synthesis
Authors: Sun Haidong , Liu Qian , Hu Hai , Jiang Yisheng , Shao Wentao , Wang Qihan , Jiang Zhaoyan , Gu Aihua 
Published: August 2018

AbstractExcessive cholesterol contributes to the development of cardiovascular diseases. Berberine (BBR) has been reported to regulate cholesterol homeostasis. Here, we found that BBR could ameliorate the hepatic autophagic flux blockade caused by cholesterol overloading. The underlying mechanism included lowering hepatic cholesterol level, modulating the cholesterol distribution targeting the plasma membrane by decreasing sterol carrier protein 2 expression and inhibiting cyclooxygenase 2-mediated production of prostaglandin metabolites, which decreased the phosphorylation of Akt/mTOR. Our study provides evidences that BBR could be a therapeutic agent for protecting liver under cholesterol overloading via the regulation of autophagic flux.
Double-edged sword of gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH): A novel role of GnRH in the multiple beneficial functions of endometrial stem cells
Authors: Park Se-Ra , Cho Ara , Park Sung Taek , Park Chan Hum , Lim Soyi , Jin Mirim , Lee Hwa-Yong , Hong In-Sun 
Published: August 2018

AbstractGonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH) stimulates the synthesis and release of gonadotropins, which induce estrogen production and subsequent ovulation. Therefore, long-term GnRH exposure to regulate ovarian hyperstimulation is recognized as the gold standard for most in vitro fertilization (IVF) strategies. However, one of the most disappointing aspects of current IVF technology is relatively low rate (between 35 and 50%) of positive pregnancy outcomes, and the major reason for this high cancellation rate has not yet been revealed. Previous studies have demonstrated that resident stem cell deficiency limits the cyclic regenerative capacity of the endometrium and subsequently increases pregnancy failure rates. Therefore, we hypothesized that long-term GnRH exposure directly damages endometrial stem cells and consequently negatively affects pregnancy outcomes in GnRH-based IVF. In addition to their well-known roles in regulating the hypothalamus-pituitary-gonadal axis, GnRH and its receptors also localize in the extra-hypothalamic endometrium, suggesting a possible non-canonical role in endometrial stem cells. Consistent with our hypothesis, we show for the first time that GnRH suppresses the multiple beneficial functions of endometrial stem cells via the PI3K/Akt signaling pathway in vitro and in vivo. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first study to focus on the direct effects of GnRH on the regenerative potential of stem cells, and the findings will facilitate the development of more promising IVF strategies.
Screening for long noncoding RNAs associated with oral squamous cell carcinoma reveals the potentially oncogenic actions of DLEU1
Authors: Nishiyama Koyo , Maruyama Reo , Niinuma Takeshi , Kai Masahiro , Kitajima Hiroshi , Toyota Mutsumi , Hatanaka Yui , Igarashi Tomohiro , Kobayashi Jun-ichi , Ogi Kazuhiro , Dehari Hironari , Miyazaki Akihiro , Yorozu Akira , Yamamoto Eiichiro , Idogawa Masashi , Sasaki Yasushi , Sugai Tamotsu , Tokino Takashi , Hiratsuka Hiroyoshi , Suzuki Hiromu 
Published: August 2018

AbstractRecent studies have shown that long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) have pivotal roles in human malignancies, although their significance in oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) is not fully understood. In the present study, we identified lncRNAs functionally associated with OSCC. By analyzing RNA-seq datasets obtained from primary head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC), we identified 15 lncRNAs aberrantly expressed in cancer tissues. We then validated their expression in 18 OSCC cell lines using qRT-PCR and identified 6 lncRNAs frequently overexpressed in OSCC. Among those, we found that knocking down DLEU1 (deleted in lymphocytic leukemia 1) strongly suppressed OSCC cell proliferation. DLEU1 knockdown also suppressed migration, invasion, and xenograft formation by OSCC cells, which is suggestive of its oncogenic functionality. Microarray analysis revealed that DLEU1 knockdown significantly affects expression of a number of cancer-related genes in OSCC cells, including HAS3, CD44, and TP63, suggesting that DLEU1 regulates HA-CD44 signaling. Expression of DLEU1 was elevated in 71% of primary OSCC tissues, and high DLEU1 expression was associated with shorter overall survival of HNSCC patients. These data suggest that elevated DLEU1 expression contributes to OSCC development, and that DLEU1 may be a useful therapeutic target in OSCC.
A gate-free monolayer WSe2 pn diode
Authors: Chen Jhih-Wei , Lo Shun-Tsung , Ho Sheng-Chin , Wong Sheng-Shong , Vu Thi-Hai-Yen , Zhang Xin-Quan , Liu Yi-De , Chiou Yu-You , Chen Yu-Xun , Yang Jan-Chi , Chen Yi-Chun , Chu Ying-Hao , Lee Yi-Hsien , Chung Chung-Jen , Chen Tse-Ming , Chen Chia-Hao , Wu Chung-Lin 
Published: August 2018

AbstractInterest in bringing p- and n-type monolayer semiconducting transition metal dichalcogenides (TMD) into contact to form rectifying pn diode has thrived since it is crucial to control the electrical properties in two-dimensional (2D) electronic and optoelectronic devices. Usually this involves vertically stacking different TMDs with pn heterojunction or, laterally manipulating carrier density by gate biasing. Here, by utilizing a locally reversed ferroelectric polarization, we laterally manipulate the carrier density and created a WSe2 pn homojunction on the supporting ferroelectric BiFeO3 substrate. This non-volatile WSe2 pn homojunction is demonstrated with optical and scanning probe methods and scanning photoelectron micro-spectroscopy. A homo-interface is a direct manifestation of our WSe2 pn diode, which can be quantitatively understood as a clear rectifying behavior. The non-volatile confinement of carriers and associated gate-free pn homojunction can be an addition to the 2D electron–photon toolbox and pave the way to develop laterally 2D electronics and photonics.