bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The Basics of Integra Dermal Regeneration Template and its Expanding Clinical Applications
Authors: Chang Daniel K. , Louis Matthew R. , Gimenez Alejandro , Reece Edward M. 
Published: August 2019

AbstractFirst developed for coverage of burn wounds, Integra (Integra LifeSciences) is a synthetic acellular dermal regeneration template that provides a base for revascularization and neodermal formation. The use of Integra has slowly grown and has now become an important consideration along the reconstructive ladder. This article reviews the basic science of Integra and provides an overview of the many expanding applications based on anatomic location.
Involvement of Platelets in Cancers
Authors: Mege Diane , Aubert Mathilde , Lacroix Romaric , Dignat-George Françoise , Panicot-Dubois Laurence , Dubois Christophe 
Published: August 2019

AbstractCancer-related venous thromboembolism (VTE) is frequent and constitutes the second leading cause of death in patients with cancer. High platelet count is one of independent predictive factors of cancer-associated VTE. Besides the implication of platelets in cancer-associated VTE, recent clinical and experimental evidences support that platelets play several roles in the progression of malignancies and inversely, cancer can also influence platelet count and activity. The objective of this report is to review the current literature regarding the role of platelets in cancer through experimental results and population-based studies. Platelets are implicated in cancer progression and metastasis through proangiogenic factors (growth factors and signaling pathways), antiangiogenic factors (angiostatin, endostatin, thrombospondin-1), and matrix metalloproteinases. In addition, platelets are involved in cancer-associated thrombosis and thus tumor cell-induced platelet activation, through anionic phospholipids on their surface, released soluble factors, such as P-selectin, CD40 ligand, platelet factor 4, thrombospondin-1 or beta-thromboglobulin, tumor cell procoagulant proteins (tissue factor, urokinase-type plasminogen activator, plasminogen activator inhibitor type 1), and microparticles. Due to these different mechanisms, platelets may represent a potential therapeutic target. The main current treatments against platelets are: (1) acetylsalicylic acid (aspirin) and nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs, nonselective cyclo-oxygenase (COX)-1 and COX-2 inhibitors, which are associated with decreased cancer incidence and better overall survival and (2) irreversible inhibitor of P2Y12 subtype which decreases cancer incidence. Platelets are key players in tumor growth, metastasis, and cancer-associated thrombosis. This multifaceted role identifies them as a relevant therapeutic target for prevention of cancer occurrence and treatment of cancer.
Pathogenesis and Management of Thrombotic Disease in Myeloproliferative Neoplasms
Authors: Arachchillage Deepa RJ , Laffan Mike 
Published: August 2019

AbstractChronic myeloproliferative neoplasms (MPN) are characterized by clonal expansion of an abnormal hematopoietic stem/progenitor cell and include polycythemia vera (PV), essential thrombocythemia (ET), and primary myelofibrosis (PMF). Venous thrombosis, often at unusual sites, including splanchnic vein thrombosis and arterial thrombosis, as well as a hemorrhagic tendency and a propensity to transform into myelofibrosis or acute leukemia are common complications in patients with MPNs. The pathogenesis of thrombosis in MPN patients is complex and multifactorial. Disease related factors, such as an increase in blood cell counts (i.e., leukocytosis, erythrocytosis, and thrombocytosis), and more importantly presence of JAK2 mutation can interact with non-disease patient related factors such as age, previous history of thrombotic events, obesity, hypertension, hyperlipidemia, and presence of thrombophilic defects. The overall rate of recurrent thrombosis after venous thromboembolism (VTE) is 6.0 to 6.5 per 100 patient-years in patients with MPN compared to 2.7 to 3.7 per 100 patient-years in patients without MPN, and antithrombotic therapy with vitamin K antagonists (VKAs) is associated with a clear benefit, reducing the incidence of recurrence by 48 to 69%. Life-long oral anticoagulation with VKAs is the cornerstone of the antithrombotic treatment for splanchnic vein thrombosis (SVT). Patients with MPN-related cerebral venous thrombosis (CVT) should also be treated with long-term anticoagulation with VKAs. The role of direct acting oral anticoagulants in patients with thrombosis and MPN is not established and the use of these anticoagulants should be considered on an individual basis according to the risk of recurrent of VTE and bleeding.
Direct Oral Anticoagulants in Cancer Patients
Authors: Suryanarayan Deepa , Lee Agnes Y Y , Wu Cynthia 
Published: August 2019

AbstractCancer-associated thrombosis (CAT) is a common occurrence in the journey of a cancer patient and its management poses significant challenges. Low molecular weight heparin (LMWH) is the standard of care but the high cost and the inconvenience of daily injections have led to low persistence with therapy. Direct oral anticoagulants (DOACs) are effective and safe for the treatment of venous thromboembolism (VTE) compared with vitamin K antagonist (VKA) therapy in noncancer patients, and emerging data comparing their use with LMWH in CAT are rapidly changing clinical practice. Recent randomized controlled trials also reported that specific DOACs are effective for primary prevention of CAT in patients undergoing systemic cancer therapy, but this benefit might be offset by an increased risk of bleeding. Undoubtedly, the option of an effective and safe oral anticoagulant is appealing to physicians and patients but critical limitations of DOACs, particularly bleeding and drug-drug interaction, need careful consideration. Understanding the scientific data, as well as each patient's preferences and values, are paramount in individualizing therapy in this special population of patients. This review summarizes the current evidence for DOACs for the treatment and prevention of CAT, discusses the importance of careful patient selection, and highlights upcoming new studies that will inform guideline recommendations.
Radiographic and Computed Tomographic Anatomy of the Donkey Carpus
Authors: Alsafy Mohamed A.M. , El-Kammar Mahmoud H. , Nouh Samir R. , Abou-Ahmed Howaida M. , Perez William , Vazquez Noelia , Swidan Dina 
Published: August 2019

Introduction Joint diseases represent most of the musculoskeletal disorders. Therefore, the aim of the current study was to make a radiographic and computed tomographic analysis of the structures of the donkey carpus and investigate carpal joint affections.
Materials and Methods The study was performed with the use of cross-sectional anatomy, digital X-ray and computed tomography (CT) scans. Twelve adult donkeys were used.
Results The results provide a full description of the bones and soft tissues of the carpus. The carpal joint was examined at many levels using different CT and X-ray planes. The carpus was studied through bone and soft-tissue windows that were compared with cadaver cross-sections for interpretation. The study revealed some joint affections that were detected by the CT scans but were unapparent in X-ray films, such as bony cysts, hemorrhagic bony cysts, old and microfractures, and bony sclerosis. Some normal anatomic variants were recorded during the examination of the CT scans to assist the equine practitioners that deal with the carpal joints of donkeys.
Conclusion Both imaging techniques are suitable for the examination of the carpus, and the selection of the technique is conditioned to many factors, like the type of tissue affected and economic reasons, such as the availability of the apparatus and the cost of the animal.
Squamous Cell Carcinoma of the Paranasal Sinuses: A Single Center Experience
Authors: König Marton , Osnes Terje , Bratland Åse , Meling Torstein R. 
Published: August 2019

AbstractObjective Squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) of the paranasal sinuses is usually diagnosed at an advanced stage, making curative therapy difficult. The goal of this study was to evaluate the management and outcomes of patients with SCC treated at our institution.Methods In a population-based consecutive prospective cohort, we conducted an analysis of all patients treated for SCC between 1988 and 2017.Results A total of 72 patients were included, follow-up was 100%. Mean follow-up was 57 months for the entire cohort, and 108 months for patients with no evidence of disease. Eighty-two percent of all patients had high-stage (T4) disease. Fifty-seven patients underwent treatment with curative intent; consisting of surgery with or without oncologic treatment in 34, and of oncologic treatment only in 23 cases. Fifteen patients received palliative treatment. The rates of overall survival for the entire cohort were 55% at 2, 41% at 5, and 32% at 10 years, and corresponding disease-specific survival (DSS) rates were 55, 45, and 34%, respectively. DSS rates after surgical treatment with curative intent were 81% at 2, 65% at 5, and 54% at 10 years. Retromaxillary involvement and nonradical surgery were negative prognostic factors. Best survival was achieved with the combination of radical surgery and adjuvant oncologic treatment.Conclusion Surgical resection with a curative intent yielded 65% at 5-year DSS even in this cohort of patients with high-stage SCC and is still considered as the treatment of choice, preferably in combination with adjuvant radiation therapy and chemotherapy.
A corpus-based study on imagery and symbolism in Goldblatt’s translation ofRed Sorghum
Authors: Chen Meng-Lin 
Published: August 2019

AbstractResearch on Goldblatt’s translation ofRed Sorghumhas attracted more attention in recent years after its author Mo Yan won the Nobel Prize for this work. This translation study has addressed the imagery and symbolism in this classic Chinese work, an area that has yet to be investigated with the use of empirical data. The study employed the corpus-based approach, and analysed the translation of images and symbols based on a parallel translation corpus of Chapters 1 and 2 found in the text ofRed Sorghum. Most important images and symbols are represented by 30 distinct nouns in the novel as successfully translated into English as a result of the translator’s adoption of a literal translation strategy. A more focused examination of a translation of the most prominent key word, sorghum, finds that the translator has faithfully adopted the imagery and symbolism techniques in the source text whenever conveying the images and symbols of sorghum across cultures. Based on the findings, this study argues that images and symbols in the source text may present themselves in the translation of novels if translators adopt a source-oriented translation strategy. Our analyses of the translation of figures of speech, namely similes, personifications and repetitions further highlight the importance of taking concert and literal translation strategies into the realm of literary translation.
The origins and early developments of the UN Training Program for Interpreters and Translators in
Beijing
Authors: Bin Yao 
Published: August 2019

Abstract
This paper fills the missing the link in the research on the history of interpreter and translator training in the
P. R. China. After the restoration of China’s seat in the United Nations on October 25, 1971, the UN Secretariat suggested, as
early as in 1972, to the P. R. C. Permanent Mission in New York, that a training course be established to train interpreters and
translators. But it was not until 1979 that the UN Training Program for Interpreters and Translators (译训班) was established at
Beijing Foreign Studies University. What happened during the period of 1972–1978 and how the first cohort of students were
recruited and trained remain, to a large extent, unexplored areas. By combining newly-discovered historical materials and
interviews with former staff members and students of the program, this paper presents details about the preparatory work carried
out in mid-1970s that laid the foundations for the establishment of the program, the month-long negotiations between Chinese and
the UN representatives in 1978 that led to the founding of the program, as well as the recruitment and training of the first
cohort of students.
Lexical bundles in university course materials
Authors: Nekrasova-Beker Tatiana , Becker Anthony 
Published: August 2019

Abstract
The present study compared 4-word lexical bundles found in a general engineering corpus (2,030,000 words) with those found in a corpus of texts collected from a Pathway engineering course for ESL (English as a Second Language) students (356,000 words) and a corpus of pedagogical materials used to teach advanced ESL students at an intensive English program (440,000 words). The results indicated that the structural and functional characteristics of the lexical bundles in the Pathway engineering materials were representative of the discourse features found in the general engineering corpus. This finding provides additional evidence of the overall appropriateness of the pedagogical materials selected for the Pathway course. Furthermore, the two engineering corpora also included a substantial number of bundles that were unique to the specific course materials, and, therefore, can potentially be targeted during language instruction.
Kaleidographic
Authors: Caple Helen , Anthony Laurence , Bednarek Monika 
Published: August 2019

AbstractKaleidographicis a dynamic and interactive data visualization tool that allows users to observe and explore relations between any number of variables. The tool is useful for displaying the complex ways in which textual elements interact across a range of texts. Thus far, the tool has been used to display the results of corpus studies as well as corpus-assisted multimodal discourse analyses that investigate text-image relations. To facilitate broader applications of the tool, it is now publicly available online for use without charge. This paper explains the background and motivation forKaleidographicand presents two case studies demonstrating its utility. Limitations of the tool are discussed and its potential uses in corpus linguistics research and beyond are introduced.
Potential of community capacity building for ecotourism purposes in Tg.Piai, Johore
Authors: Ahmad N M N , Razzaq A R A , Maryati M 
Published: August 2019

Abstract
This paper seeks to examine Tg. Piai as a potential site for community capacity building for ecotourism development. The research is done by reviewing and comparing, literatures on the ecological and sociological aspect of tourism in the area. Also through on-ground observations and experience from a past research done for “Final Report on Habitat and Ecological Research After Wavebreaker Project at Tg. Piai”. Referring to the existing natural tourism, cultural tourism attractions, and an encouraging number of local participations in the tourism industry, there are already positive signs of potential for ecotourism development. Assessment of data gathered, further strengthens the viability, with results of positive attitudes projected by the locals toward tourism development in the area. However, upon further review, the research found that there has been problem with past top-down governance style of the tourism development in the area and it shows on the ground as well. There is a need for a more sustainable development for ecotourism that focuses on the participation of the local community. As a conclusion however, it is proven in many ecotourism development with local community, the involvement of the locals is a crucial part of creating a working ecotourism destination. Fortunately, there are indicators that show willingness of the locals to support a community capacity building project to develop ecotourism in the area. Thus, the research suggests that the stakeholder take this opportunity to create a new cooperation with the local, through community capacity building, using the bottom-up approach to develop ecotourism products that can sustainably benefit both the stakeholder and the local community. This review paper is a continuation from the “Final Report on Habitat and Ecological Research After Wavebreaker Project at Tg. Piai”. Authored by the Centre of Research-Sustainable Uses of Natural Resources (COR-SUNR), UTHM.
Gauging the current status of natural history collections in Malaysia
Authors: Sapaat Arney , Mohamed Maryati , Noh Dalimin Mohd 
Published: August 2019

Abstract
This study was carried out to gauge the current status of natural history collection centres in Malaysia, primarily focused on animal collections. Part of the research is reported here and it constituted objective one which is to compare the status of natural history collection between the various centres in Malaysia and also with three selected Southeast Asian tropical region museums in trying to understand need of the Malaysian public for a natural history museum. It maps out the locations, describes the number and kinds of specimens kept at each collection centre. Financial and governance aspects are also described. In total 11 centres were visited all over Malaysia. These collection centres and museums were managed by federal or state government or universities. Duration of visit at each location ranged from one to seven days. During the visit interviews were carried out with collection manager to obtained Questionnaire was also left behind for managers of centre to fill in and sent back to researchers. In addition, three natural history collection centres and museums in South East Asia tropical region were also visited: Bogor Zoological Museum, Indonesia; Lee Kong Chian Natural History Museum, Singapore and Mahachakri Sirindhorn Natural History Museum, Prince of Songkhla University, Thailand. Following the same protocol as with Malaysian centres, the information obtained enable researcher to make comparison between Malaysia and those in the region. This paper found that most of the natural history museums and collection centres were focused in the centre of peninsular Malaysia. However, natural history collections in Malaysia are still limited by state and national borders. Coordination and integration of these centres, currently runned separately by the federal, state governments, research institutions and institution of higher learning, is seen as the way forward to provide for a strong basis of understanding biodiversity among the Malaysian public.
Documentation of macrofungi traditionally used by Jakun people in Johor, Malaysia in treatment of various illnesses
Authors: Ayu K K , Alona C L , Mohd Ahmad A , Patahayah M , Mohd Salleh S , Mohamed M , Lili T 
Published: August 2019

Abstract
This study documented the ethnomedical knowledge of the Jakun community at Kampung Peta, Endau Rompin Johor National Park, Johor, Malaysia on macrofungi that can potentially be used as medicine. Seven key informants were selected through snowball sampling and data on the potentially medicinal macrofungi was collected through semi-structured interview, observation and focus group. There were 20 species of macrofungi documented to have medicinal properties. Macrofungi-based concoction is commonly used by the local community in this area. Thematic analysis was used as the qualitative method in this study. The most common species of macrofungi used as medicine are Sichzophyllum commune, Microporus xanthopus, Ganoderma lucidum and Pluerotus ostreatus. According to the Jakun community, S. commune can treat asthma and has anti-aging properties while M. xanthopus were also used for its anti-aging properties, birth-control and breast cancer remedy. G. lucidum was known to treat tumor and cancer due to its anti-tumor, immune-modulating and anti-fibrotic properties, while P. ostreatus can lower cholesterol level and increase inner strength. Hence, there is a need to document the traditional knowledge on these macrofungi to prevent knowledge erosion in the future generation.
Coleus blumei extract as a potential antibacterial oral rinse
Authors: Bismelah N A , Ahmad R , Mohamed Kassim Z H , Ismail N H 
Published: August 2019

Abstract
Commercially available oral rinses, containing chlorhexidine are effective in treating and preventing oral infections but they can cause unpleasant taste and staining of teeth and are not advocated for long- term oral care. Hence comes the need for an alternative remedy with reduced side effects that is suitable for daily regime. Coleus blumei has been reported to contain phytochemicals that are active against oral bacteria. The objective of this study is to determine the phytochemicals content of C. blumei leaves extract and its potential as an antibacterial agent to treat oral infection as alternative to chlorhexidine. C. blumei extract was first screened for its phytochemicals content and was later screened for its antibacterial activity against Staphylococcus aureus and Streptococcus mitis using disc diffusion method. The extract was tested to find the Minimum Inhibitory Concentration (MIC) and Minimum Bactericidal Concentration (MBC) for both bacteria. The phytochemicals screenings showed that the extract contains flavonoid, terpenoid, tannin and saponin. At a concentration of 100 mg/ml, the extract showed antibacterial activity against both bacteria, S. aureus (14.56 mm) and S. mitis (13 mm), with Percentage of Relative Inhibition Zone Diameter (% RIZD) of 35% (S. aureus) and 65% (S. mitis). The extract was shown to have similar effects as Oradex oral rinse (0.12% chlorhexidine), with 15.67 mm inhibition zone and % RIZD of 38% for S. aureus, and 15mm with % RIZD of 75% for S. mitis. The MIC results shows that the extract was most effective against S. aureus, as the MIC was determined at the lowest concentration of 1.5625 mg/ml and the MBC was determine at the concentration of 100 mg, 50 mg/ml, 25 mg/ml, 12.5 mg/ml, 6.25 mg/ml and 3.125 mg/ml. For S. mitis, the MIC was determined at the concentration of 25 mg/ml, with MBC value at the highest concentration of 100 mg/ml. These results suggest that C. blumei extract possesses antibacterial effects against oral bacteria similar to Oradex and therefore has the potential to be used as an oral rinse in the future.
Effect of light intensity on the gas exchange characteristics of Melothria pendula
Authors: Idris A , Linatoc A C , Bin Abu Bakar M F 
Published: August 2019

Abstract
Light intensity influences the gas exchange characteristics of plants. In this paper, the effect of light intensity on the gas exchange characteristics of Melothria pendula was studied. The gas exchange of sun exposed and shaded species were studied using a portable photosynthesis system. Light response and carbon dioxide (CO2) response curves were fitted, and the gas exchange characteristics were derived from the fitted curves. The results indicate that light saturation point (LSP), light compensation point (LCP), maximum assimilation (Amax), maximum carboxylation rate (Vcmax) and maximum electron transport (Jmax) were higher in sun exposed species compared to shaded species (P < 0.05). The findings lead to a conclusion that M. pendula species can differ in their gas exchange characteristics depending on the level of light and CO2 received by the plants.