bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Synergistic effects of ultrasound and microwave on the pumpkin slices qualities during ultrasound‐assisted microwave vacuum frying
Authors: Huang Meng‐sha , Zhang Min , Bhandari Bhesh 
Published: July 2018

AbstractThe aim of this study was to investigate the effect of the ultrasound‐assisted microwave vacuum frying (USMVF) technology on the quality parameters of pumpkin slices. Pumpkin slices fried for 15 min by different frying methods, such as USMVF, microwave‐assisted vacuum frying (MVF), and vacuum frying (VF), were compared in terms of parameters such as moisture content, oil content, color, texture, and microstructure. During the frying process, the effect of microwave powers (600 W, 800 W, and 1,000 W) and ultrasound powers (0 W, 300 W, and 600 W) was evaluated and compared with the conventional VF. The results showed that the application of ultrasound lowered the moisture content significantly (p < .05) in comparison to MVF and VF samples. The application of ultrasound also positively affected the oil content (low oil absorption) and texture (better crispness) of USMVF samples. Cellular structure of pumpkin chips was also preserved well when ultrasound‐assisted frying process. Color was not significantly influenced by applying ultrasound. In summary, the microwave and ultrasound applied in the VF process showed a synergistic effect in promoting the quality parameters of pumpkin chips.Practical applicationsThe results showed that the application of ultrasound lowered the moisture content significantly in comparison to microwave‐assisted vacuum frying and vacuum frying (VF) samples. The application of ultrasound also positively affected the oil content (lower oil absorption) and texture (better crispness) of ultrasound‐assisted microwave vacuum frying (USMVF) samples. Microstructure of pumpkin chips was also preserved well when ultrasound‐assisted frying process. Color was not significantly influenced by applying ultrasound. In summary, the microwave and ultrasound applied in the VF showed a synergistic effect in promoting quality parameters of pumpkin chips.
Characterisation of Croatian honey by physicochemical and microbiological parameters with mold identification
Authors: Kiš Maja , Furmeg Sanja , Jaki Tkalec Vesna , Zadravec Manuela , Denžić Lugomer Marija , Končurat Ana , Benić Miroslav , Pavliček Damir 
Published: July 2018

AbstractHoney is an important food supplement in the human diet because of its nutritional quality. Therefore, honey should be safe for human consumption. The purpose of this research was to evaluate physicochemical and microbiological properties of 64 honey samples. The physicochemical analysis (water content, hydroxymethylfurfural, electrical conductivity and diastase activity) showed that 95.31% of samples meet Croatian and European standards. Microbiological quality of tested samples was considered good with no pathogenic bacteria detected. In 34.38% of the samples, the yeast and mold count exceeded the limit established by legislation. The presence of yeasts was noted in 17 samples varying from 18 to 1300 CFU/g, whereas mold count ranged from 18 to 182 CFU/g. The study revealed that out of six genera of molds recovered, Cladosporium was the most frequent, followed by Alternaria, Penicillium, Mucor, Aureobasidium, and Stachybotrys. Considering that the majority of molds identified in this study are commonly found in bee hive environment and in digestive tract of honey bees, it can be concluded that the mold contamination of honey in this study derives mainly from primary sources. The presence of Stachybotrys sp. is an indicator of contamination that comes from secondary sources.Practical applicationsDue to continuous expansion of the world honey market and increasing awareness of consumers towards healthy food, the importance of quality control of honey has also grown. In respond to these demands, this study presents physicochemical and microbiological properties of different types of Croatian honey, with special emphasis laid on the identification of the present molds in incompatible samples. The results of this study provide useful data that Croatian honey has good level of quality and contribute to better understanding of the genera of molds present in the honey from this region.
Antiaging efficacy of a retinaldehyde‐based cream compared with glycolic acid peel sessions: A randomized controlled study
Authors: Rouvrais Céline , Baspeyras Martine , Mengeaud Valérie , Rossi Ana Beatris 
Published: July 2018

SummaryBackgroundGlycolic acid (GA) chemical peels are a popular treatment for photoaged skin rejuvenation, but retinaldehyde (RAL)‐based cosmetic creams have also demonstrated efficacy in improving photoaging, and are potentially better tolerated than chemical peels.AimsTo compare the efficacy and safety of an antiaging cream containing 0.1% RAL associated with Glycylglycine Oleamide (GGO, Relastide®) and Pre‐tocopheryl®, to GA peels sessions in the treatment of photoaging.Patients and methodsFifty‐five women with photoaging were randomized in 2 treatment groups: (1) Daily application of the antiaging cream for 8 weeks or (2) Three sequential GA peels (20%, 50%, and 70%), 2‐3 weeks apart. Skin surface texture, length of wrinkles, complexion radiance, and evenness of pigmentation and texture were assessed by profilometry using skin replicas, computer image analysis, and self‐assessment.ResultsEfficacy of both treatments was similar in reducing crow's feet wrinkles depth (STm −7.61%, P = .0007 vs −4.34%, P = .0348; P = .3049 intergroup) and volume, crow's feet and periorbital wrinkle length, and number of fine lines and wrinkles at end of treatments. The efficacy of the cream in refining skin texture was superior to the peels (contrast: −5.61%, P = .0025 vs +3.54, P = .08; P intergroup = .0252). The 8‐week treatment with the antiaging cream was well tolerated; adverse events were fewer and of milder intensity than with the peels, (12‐fold lower incidence of physical signs).ConclusionA dermocosmetic cream containing 0.1% RAL, GGO (Relastide®) and Pre‐tocopheryl® is as effective as 3 sequential GA peels, better tolerated, and is an alternative in the management of photoaged skin.
Fleas of the genusNeotyphlocerasassociated with rodents from Bolivia: new host and distributional records, description of a new species and remarks on the morphology ofNeotyphloceras rosenbergi
Authors: Sanchez J. , Lareschi M. , Salazar‐Bravo J. , Gardner S. L. 
Published: July 2018

AbstractThe flea genusNeotyphlocerasRothschild (Siphonaptera: Ctenophthalmidae) includes five species and two subspecies distributed from Venezuela to southern Chile and Argentina. OnlyNeotyphloceras crassispina hemisusJordan has been registered in Bolivia. The present study examines species ofNeotyphlocerascollected in Bolivian localities in the Departments of La Paz, Cochabamba and Tarija, and describes the morphology of the modified abdominal segments in males and females ofNeotyphloceras rosenbergiRothschild on the basis of type material and specimens collected from Tarija. A new species,Neotyphloceras boliviensisn. sp., is described and new host associations are reported forN. rosenbergi,Neotyphloceras crassispina crassispinaandN. crassispina hemisus.Neotyphloceras c. crassispinaandN. rosenbergiare reported for the first time in Bolivia. The distribution ofN. rosenbergiis extended 1600 km to the south. Given the potential medical and veterinary significance of fleas as disease vectors, and considering that in the Departments of La Paz and Tarija several human cases of plague have been reported, and species of flea have been identified as main vectors of these diseases, the new records of fleas in Bolivia reported herein may be useful for epidemiological studies on flea‐borne diseases.
Dialysate potassium concentration: Should mass balance trump electrophysiology?
Authors: Pun Patrick H. 
Published: July 2018

AbstractNephrologists are faced with a difficult dilemma in choosing the ideal dialysis prescription to maintain neutral potassium mass balance. Should potassium mass balance goals prioritize the normalization of serum potassium levels using low potassium dialysate at the expense of provoking intradialytic arrhythmias, or should mass balance goals favor permissive hyperkalemia using higher dialysate potassium to avoid rapid intradialytic fluxes at the risk of more interdialytic arrhythmias? This review examines the factors that determine potassium mass balance among HD patients, the relationships between serum and dialysate potassium levels and outcomes, and concludes by examining currently available approaches to reducing risk of arrhythmias while managing potassium mass balance.
A Contingent Effect of Trust? Interpersonal Trust and Social Movement Participation in Political Context*
Authors: Suh Hyungjun , Reynolds‐Stenson Heidi 
Published: July 2018

ObjectivePrevious studies on the relationship between interpersonal trust and social movement participation have largely focused on the simple link, without attention to the interaction between trust and aspects of the political context. This study investigates this contingent effect of two types of interpersonal trust (ingroup and outgroup trust) on social movement participation.MethodThe data are drawn from the World Values Survey 6th wave and country‐level Macro Indices from 41 countries. We use multilevel modeling (random coefficient model) to test the contingent effect of trust.ResultsThe results reveal a positive association between outgroup trust and protest participation, moderated by both functioning institutions and state repression. Meanwhile, ingroup trust is not significantly associated with protest participation.ConclusionThis contingent theory of trust could reconcile previous inconsistent empirical findings and explain why trust may have an insignificant or weaker effect on social movement participation in some contexts.
Helping Hands
Authors: Falcioni John 
Published: July 2018

Abstract
This article discusses how in the field of medical rehabilitation, robots can act as external aids to assist people in such tasks as lifting a fork or spoon. Many brain-injured patients might one day relearn to perform coordinated tasks on their own. Working toward this goal in the Sensory Motor Performance Program at the Rehabilitation Institute of Chicago is James Patton, a neuroscientist who combines his medical training with a background in mechanical engineering. Patton and a team that includes therapists, doctors, and others at the institute are working with robots in the hope of training people to regain control over their movements. Patton has used adaptive training techniques in healthy people to determine the robot’s ability to modify the subjects’ hand movements to a specified trajectory, such as a curved path of some predetermined shape. Although at this time there is no evidence proving that patients can preserve their after-effects, some patients do appear to preserve limited features for the duration of the experiment. Patton believes that prolonging the training over many days could lead to the desired outcome.
Making a Difference and a Profit
Authors: Van Bossuyt Douglas L. 
Published: July 2018

This article examines different approaches that could be applied / used by engineers for lean design. Lean design can let companies make a profit while satisfying customers in the developing world.
In developing markets, difficulty in gathering the necessary data can lead to lengthy delays or broad assumptions in the product development cycle. The iterative approach of lean design stresses leveraging sales data, customer feedback, and distributor feedback to evaluate and refine the important metrics of value, growth, and impact of a particular product that could drive the design process and optimize the product. The experts also say that when designing products for the developing world, making money is not the only value proposition. Engineers must keep ethics in mind. Engineers must also understand the social and health consequences of introducing products into the marketplace and ensure that any product does not adversely impact the customer or community. Products must be designed that have broad enough appeal to drive a sustainable market for the company.
Numerical
Investigation on the Modified Bend Geometry of a Rotating Multipass Internal Cooling Passage in a
Gas Turbine Blade
Authors: Pattanaprates Naris , Juntasaro Ekachai , Juntasaro Varangrat 
Published: July 2018

Abstract
The present work is aimed to investigate whether the modification to the bend geometry of a multipass internal cooling passage in a gas turbine blade can enhance heat transfer and reduce pressure drop. The two-pass channel and the four-pass channel are modified at the bend from the U shape to the bulb and bow shape. The first objective of the work is to investigate whether the modified design will still improve heat transfer with reduced pressure drop in a four-pass channel as in the case of a two-pass channel. It is found out that, unlike the two-pass channel, the heat transfer is not improved but the pressure drop is still reduced for the four-pass channel. The second objective is to investigate the rotating effect on heat transfer and pressure drop in the cases of two-pass and four-pass channels for both original and modified designs. It is found out that heat transfer is improved with reduced pressure drop for all cases. However, the modified design results in the less improvement on heat transfer and lower reduced pressure drop as the rotation number increases. It can be concluded from the present work that the modification can solve the problem of pressure drop without causing the degradation of heat transfer for all cases. The two-pass channel with modified bend results in the highest heat transfer and the lowest pressure drop for rotating cases.
The
Combined Effects of Heat Loss and Reversibility on the Propagation of Planar Premixed Counterflow
Flames
Authors: Al-Malki Faisal 
Published: July 2018

Abstract
We study in this paper the combined effect of heat loss and reversibility on the propagation of planar flames formed within the counterflow configuration. The problem has been formulated first using the thermodiffusive model with constant density and then solved numerically using finite elements. The impact of four main parameters, namely the reversibility r, the heat loss κ, the strain rate ε, and the activation energy β, on the propagation of planar flames has been discussed in details. The study has shown that planar flames under reversible conditions behave qualitatively similar to those observed for irreversible reactions, which agree with the asymptotic findings. In the presence of heat loss, the problem exhibits multiplicity of solutions whose number and stability were found to vary according to the strain rate ε. In addition, the study has predicted the existence of a certain value of the reversibility parameter r beyond which the impact of reversibility becomes negligible. Finally, we have examined the stability of the solutions and determined the domain of stability of solutions and their multiplicity for this problem.
A Geometric Approach to Obtain the Closed-Form Forward Kinematics of H4 Parallel Robot
Authors: Liu Yujiong , Kong Minxiu , Wan Neng , Ben-Tzvi Pinhas 
Published: July 2018

AbstractTo obtain the closed-form forward kinematics of parallel robots, researchers use algebra-based method to transform and simplify the constraint equations. However, this method requires a complicated derivation that leads to high-order univariate variable equations. In fact, some particular mechanisms, such as Delta, or H4 possess many invariant geometric properties during movement. This suggests that one might be able to transform and reduce the problem using geometric approaches. Therefore, a simpler and more efficient solution might be found. Based on this idea, we developed a new geometric approach called geometric forward kinematics (GFK) to obtain the closed-form solutions of H4 forward kinematics in this paper. The result shows that the forward kinematics of H4 yields an eighth degree univariate polynomial, compared with earlier reported 16th degree. Thanks to its clear physical meaning, an intensive discussion about the solutions is presented. Results indicate that a general H4 robot can have up to eight nonrepeated real solutions for its forward kinematics. For a specific configuration of H4, the nonrepeated number of real roots could be restricted to only two, four, or six. Two traveling plate configurations are discussed in this paper as two typical categories of H4. A numerical analysis was also performed for this new method.
A New VIV Design Procedure for Marine Tubular
Authors: Lee Li 
Published: July 2018

Vortex-induced vibration (VIV) of a flexible structure is a hydro-elasticity phenomenon. In current VIV design of marine tubular, the effect of structural stiffness variations is not fully accounted for. A new design procedure for the VIV motions of the first mode is presented in this paper. Numerical examples indicate that this new method may provide a safer design.
Paper published with permission.
Antimicrobial Resistance in Nontyphoidal
Salmonella
Authors: McDermott Patrick F. , Zhao Shaohua , Tate Heather 
Published: July 2018

ABSTRACT

Non-typhoidal
Salmonella
is the most common foodborne bacterial pathogen in most countries. It is widely present in food animal species, and therefore blocking its transmission through the food supply is a prominent focus of food safety activities worldwide. Antibiotic resistance in non-typhoidal
Salmonella
arises in large part because of antibiotic use in animal husbandry. Tracking resistance in
Salmonella
is required to design targeted interventions to contain or diminish resistance and refine use practices in production. Many countries have established systems to monitor antibiotic resistance in
Salmonella
and other bacteria, the earliest ones appearing the Europe and the US. In this chapter, we compare recent
Salmonella
antibiotic susceptibility data from Europe and the US. In addition, we summarize the state of known resistance genes that have been identified in the genus. The advent of routine whole genome sequencing has made it possible to conduct genomic surveillance of resistance based on DNA sequences alone. This points to a new model of surveillance in the future that will provide more definitive information on the sources of resistant
Salmonella
, the specific types of resistance genes involved, and information on how resistance spreads.
Antimicrobial Resistance in
Leptospira
,
Brucella
, and Other Rarely Investigated Veterinary and Zoonotic Pathogens
Authors: Trott Darren J. , Abraham Sam , Adler Ben 
Published: July 2018

ABSTRACT

Leptospira
,
Brucella
, and
Borrelia
are major agents of zoonotic disease, causing high morbidity and, in some cases, significant mortality in humans. For all three genera, prompt diagnosis and appropriate antimicrobial therapy are required to prevent the development of chronic, debilitating illness.
Leptospira
spp. are intrinsically resistant to several antimicrobial classes; however, there is little evidence in the literature for development of acquired resistance to antimicrobial agents used for clinical treatment of acute leptospirosis. For
Brucella
infections, there are numerous reports of relapses following therapy, but it is unclear whether this is due to sequestration within infected sites (e.g., bone) or the development of acquired resistance.
Brucella
have maintained their susceptibility to doxycycline and rifampicin, which in combination remain the most common treatments of brucellosis in humans.
In vitro
induced point mutations are described as imparting resistance to rifampicin (
rpoB
) and fluoroquinolones (
gyrA
). The clinical significance of these mutations is unclear. For
Borrelia burgdorferi
, although acquired resistance to some antimicrobial agents has been described, resistance due to bacterial persister cells surviving in the presence of antimicrobial, with no apparent increase in the MIC of the organism, have been recently described. Of the remaining veterinary fastidious pathogens,
Lawsonia intracellularis
is the most interesting from an antimicrobial resistance perspective because it can only be grown in cell culture, making
in vitro
susceptibility testing challenging. MIC testing has been undertaken on a small number of isolates, and some differences in susceptibility to macrolides have been demonstrated between isolates obtained from different regions.
LiMA: a study protocol for a randomised, double-blind, placebo controlled trial of lisdexamfetamine for the treatment of methamphetamine dependence
Authors: Ezard Nadine , Dunlop Adrian , Hall Michelle , Ali Robert , McKetin Rebecca , Bruno Raimondo , Phung Nghi , Carr Andrew , White Jason , Clifford Brendan , Liu Zhixin , Shanahan Marian , Dolan Kate , Baker Amanda L , Lintzeris Nicholas 
Published: July 2018

IntroductionMethamphetamine dependence is a growing public health concern. There is currently no pharmacotherapy approved for methamphetamine dependence. Lisdexamfetamine (LDX) dimesylate, used in the treatment of attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder and binge eating disorder, has potential as an agonist therapy for methamphetamine dependence, and possible benefits of reduced risk of aberrant use due to its novel formulation.Methods and analysisA double-blind randomised controlled trial will be used to evaluate the efficacy of LDX in reducing methamphetamine use. The target sample is 180 participants with methamphetamine dependence of ≥2 years, using ≥14 days out of the previous 28, who have previously attempted but not responded to treatment for methamphetamine use. Participants will be randomly assigned to receive either a 15-week intervention consisting of induction (1 week of 150 mg LDX or placebo), maintenance (12 weeks of 250 mg LDX or placebo) and reduction (1 week of 150 mg LDX or placebo and 1 week of 50 mg LDX or placebo). All participants will be given access to four sessions of cognitive–behavioural therapy as treatment as usual and receive a 4-week follow-up appointment. The primary outcomes are efficacy (change from baseline in days of methamphetamine use by self-report for the last 28 days at week 13 and urinalyses confirmation of methamphetamine use) and safety (treatment-related adverse events). Secondary outcomes are total number of days of self-report methamphetamine use over the 12-week active treatment, longest period of abstinence during treatment period, percentage of achieving ≥21 days abstinence, craving, withdrawal, dependence, retention, bloodborne virus transmission risk behaviour, criminal behaviour, as well measures of abuse liability, physical and mental health, other substance use, cognitive performance, psychosocial functioning, treatment retention and satisfaction. Additionally, the study will assess the cost-effectiveness of LDX relative to the placebo control.Ethics and disseminationThe study has been approved by the Human Research Ethics Committee of St. Vincent’s Hospital, Sydney, Australia (HREC/16/SVH/222). Contact the corresponding author for the full trial protocol.Trial registration numberACTRN12617000657325; Pre-results.