bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Mesenchymal stem cells gene signature in high‐risk myeloma bone marrow linked to suppression of distinct IGFBP2‐expressing small adipocytes
Authors: Mehdi Syed J. , Johnson Sarah K. , Epstein Joshua , Zangari Maurizio , Qu Pingping , Hoering Antje , van Rhee Frits , Schinke Carolina , Thanendrarajan Sharmilan , Barlogie Bart , Davies Faith E. , Morgan Gareth J. , Yaccoby Shmuel 
Published: November 2018

SummaryRecent studies suggest that multiple myeloma (MM) induces proliferation and expansion of bone marrow (BM) mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs), but others showed that MM cells induce MSC senescence. To clarify the interaction between MM and MSCs, we exploited our established MSC gene signature to identify gene expression changes in myeloma MSCs and associated functional differences. Single MSCs from patients with MM had changes in expression of genes associated with cellular proliferation and senescence and a higher proportion of senescent cells and lower proliferative potential than those from age‐matched healthy donors. Single MSCs from both sources heterogeneously express MSC genes associated with adipogenesis and osteoblastogenesis. We identified the gene encoding insulin‐like growth factor‐binding protein 2 (IGFBP2), an MSC gene commonly altered in high risk MM, as under‐expressed. Morphologically, IGFBP2+ cells are underrepresented in MM BM compared to smouldering MM. Strong IGFBP2 and adiponectin co‐expression was detected in a subset of small adipocytes. Co‐culturing normal MSCs with myeloma cells suppressed MSC differentiation to adipocytes and osteoblasts, and reduced expression of IGFBP2 and adiponectin. Recombinant IGFBP2 blocked IGF1‐mediated myeloma cell growth. Our data demonstrate that myeloma MSCs are less proliferative and that IGFBP2+ small adipocytes are a distinct mesenchymal cell population suppressed by myeloma.
A dialogic approach to working inclusively in a Research Reference Committee
Authors: Lloyd Janette , Jobling Anne , White Emma Louise , Labosse Michel , Moni Karen , Cuskelly Monica , McMahon Mary 
Published: November 2018

Accessible summary

People with intellectual disability do not often take part in research.

We wanted to include people with intellectual disability on our research committee.

We worked with two people with intellectual disability to help with their roles on the research committee. We talk about some ideas that made this work well.

Two people with intellectual disability share their ideas on being a part of a Research Reference Committee.

AbstractThis paper reports the use of a dialogic approach to working inclusively with two young people with intellectual disability as part of a Research Reference Committee for a project that examined how adults with intellectual disability and their families plan for their future. The paper begins with an overview of the role of the Research Reference Committee written by the research team to provide the context for reporting. We then discuss and reflect on how we used mediated talk to working with the young people with intellectual disability to develop strategies for enabling them to actively contribute to the reference committee. The third section of the paper was co‐written with authors 3 and 4. The structure follows their decisions about how they wanted to write this section in ways that allowed them to tell their stories of participation as narratives, using their own words. In the discussion, we acknowledge the challenges of co‐authorship and consider the benefits of using an iterative dialogical approach to enable the active participation of these young people in a reference committee, and as a method of co‐authoring that allows a broader dissemination the voices of the young people with intellectual disability in research outputs.
Changes in dental anxiety among 15‐ to 21‐year‐olds. A 2‐year longitudinal analysis based on the Tromsø study: Fit futures
Authors: Nermo Hege , Willumsen Tiril , Johnsen Jan‐Are K. 
Published: November 2018

AbstractObjectiveIdentify predictive variables related to the development and continuation of high dental anxiety among young people over 2 years and assess differences between youth experiencing increased, decreased or unchanged dental anxiety scores over time.MethodsAn observational panel study of 15‐ to 21‐year‐old people in Tromsø and Balsfjord region followed students from their first to their last year of upper secondary school (2010/11‐2012/13). Logistic regression was used to estimate odds ratios and their 95% confidence intervals (CI) of possible predictive variables assessed at baseline when using dental anxiety score from the second wave as a dichotomous dependent variable. Variables measured at baseline: Sex, Dental Caries Experiences (DMFS index), Dental Anxiety (Corah's Dental Anxiety Scale/DAS), Psychological Distress (Hopkins Symptom Checklist/HSCL‐10), Avoidance of dental treatment, Pain Estimation at the dentist and motivational questions related to tooth brushing and caries (Self and Social Motivation). Wilcoxon signed‐rank tests and Kruskal‐Wallis tests were used to test whether changes in DAS score between waves were associated with changes in Pain Estimation between waves and HSCL‐10 scores at baseline.ResultsHopkins Symptom Checklist, DMFS and DAS scores at baseline predicted high dental anxiety scores after 2 years. Sex, motivation related to oral hygiene and avoidance due to fear at baseline did not contribute significantly to our model. DMFS and HSCL‐10 were higher among young people who reported a substantial change in DAS score (2.0 > Interquartile range/IQR), irrespective of the direction of change. Pain Estimation changed consistently with a change in DAS score.ConclusionMental health symptoms, pre‐existing dental anxiety and dental health status are important contributors to the development of dental anxiety in youth. Estimations of pain at the dentist are central when it comes to changes in dental anxiety over time in this study.
The fat mass and obesity related gene polymorphism influences the risk of rejection in heart transplant patients
Authors: Hubacek Jaroslav A. , Vymetalova Jevgenija , Lanska Vera , Dlouha Dana 
Published: November 2018

AbstractHeart transplantation is a relatively common treatment for end‐stage heart failure. The major complication of heart transplantation is organ rejection. Epigenetic could play a role in the pathogenesis of organ rejection, and theFTOgene is a mediator of DNA methylation. We analyzed a taggingFTOSNP rs17817449 in both donor and recipient DNA obtained through 370 heart transplantations. RecipientFTOgenotypes were not associated with either type of rejection or with the general increase in the risk of rejection. When compared with patients without a history of rejection, carriers of transplanted hearts with theFTOTT genotype exhibited a significantly increased risk (P = 0.02) of suffering from both types of rejection in comparison to carriers of hearts with at least one G allele (OR; 95% CI = 2.56; 1.15‐5.69). Our results suggest that the donor, but not the recipient,FTOgenotype could be a significant predictor of acute rejection in heart transplant patients.
Mitochondrial dysfunction and oxidative stress in induced pluripotent stem cell models of Parkinson's disease
Authors: Bose Anindita , Beal M. Flint 
Published: November 2018

AbstractParkinson's disease (PD) is the second most common neurodegenerative disease. Two percent of the population above the age of 60 is affected by the disease. The pathological hallmarks of PD include loss of dopaminergic neurons and the presence of Lewy bodies. Mitochondrial dysfunction and oxidative stress are thought to play a pivotal role in both sporadic and familial forms of the disease. In this review we focus on the role of mitochondrial dysfunction and oxidative stress in induced pluripotent stem cell (IPSC) models of PD.We also provide an overview of therapeutics that have been tested and some possible new therapeutics that can be tested in IPSC models of PD.
Dual effects of reversed winter–spring temperatures on year‐to‐year variation in the recruitment of chub mackerel (Scomber japonicus)
Authors: Kaneko Hitoshi , Okunishi Takeshi , Seto Takashi , Kuroda Hiroshi , Itoh Sachihiko , Kouketsu Shinya , Hasegawa Daisuke 
Published: November 2018

AbstractTo clarify the effects of temperature on the recruitment of chub mackerel (Scomber japonicus) in the North Pacific, we investigated the influence of winter surface temperature (WST) on spawners at the time of maturity around the spawning grounds and the influence of ambient spring temperature on larvae using estimated temperature (ET) obtained from particle tracking experiments. We found a significant positive correlation between ET approximately 10 days following hatching and the recruitment per spawning stock biomass (RPS) after 2000. The closer (more meandering) the Kuroshio Current (KC) axis was in relation to the spawning ground, the higher (lower) the spring surface temperature and the higher (lower) RPS was in the spawning ground. In contrast, WST inside KC near the maturity/spawning ground was significantly negatively correlated with RPS. A significant negative correlation between the temperatures in winter and spring was detected in the area after 2000, when the conditions of the Pacific decadal oscillation index and the stability of the Kuroshio Extension were synchronous, indicating that KC shifted northward during this time. The reversed temperature pattern was consistent with the winter–spring movement of KC axis in the offshore direction and was correlated with the winter–spring difference in the intensity of the Aleutian low. These results suggest that the annual variation in chub mackerel recruitment after 2000 was strongly affected by the combined effects of ambient temperature because of the reversal of conditions that occurred between winter and spring around the maturity/spawning ground, which was related to the KC path.
Integrated Deep Soil N and Groundwater Isotope Investigation of N Sources Captured by Municipal Wells
Authors: Spalding Roy F. , Hirsh Aaron J. , Exner Mary E. , Stange Marty , Aravena Ramon 
Published: November 2018

AbstractIdentification of major nitrate sources that adversely impact groundwater quality in municipal well capture zones in areas of emerging nitrate contamination is essential to minimize leaching and prevent exceedance of the nitrate drinking water standard. Vertical profiles of nitrate leachate in deep soils provide an estimate of the amount of nitrate in transit beneath irrigated, row‐cropped fields; depths of peak leachate; and the approximate rate of downward movement. Profiles of pore‐water soil‐nitrate concentrations in thick 60‐feet (~18 m), fine‐textured soils near Hastings, Nebraska clearly indicate that considerably more nitrate leached beneath furrow‐irrigated than center‐pivot irrigated fields. Peak leaching appeared to correlate with recorded periods of poor weather conditions during some growing seasons and may best be controlled by “spoon feeding” fertilizer to the crop through the sprinkler irrigation system at times of nutrient need. The presence of trace levels of atrazine and deethylatrazine to 60 feet (18 m) in core samples indicates that larger, more complex anthropogenic molecules also leach through the fine‐textured soils. The light δ15NNO3 values in the surficial groundwater beneath fertilized and irrigated cropland indicate that ammonium fertilizer is a major N source and suggest that the natural soil‐N contribution is negligible. δ15NNO3 values were most enriched in irrigation wells located within municipal well capture zones downgradient of a large feedlot. Dual isotope method (DIM) δ15NNO3 and δ18ONO3 values suggest that the Hastings’ municipal wells farther downgradient are contaminated with a mixture of nitrate from manure and commercial ammonium‐based fertilizer. DIM values indicate an absence of denitrification, which has implications for long‐term management of the water resources.
Guided root canal preparation using cone beam computed tomography and optical surface scans – an observational study of pulp space obliteration and drill path depth in 50 patients
Authors: Buchgreitz J. , Buchgreitz M. , Bjørndal L. 
Published: November 2018

AbstractAimTo report the precision of guided access cavity preparations in relation to demographical and dental variables in 50 patients.MethodologyThis observational study was carried out during the period 2014–2017. The patients were consecutive referrals to a private endodontic practice. The inclusion criteria were as follows: (i) pulp space obliteration associated with signs of apical periodontitis (PAI score >3 or sensitive to percussion, (ii) teeth with pulp space obliteration in need of a post, where the referring dentist had attempted or failed to negotiate the obliterated root canal (and it was not possible to negotiate using the operating microscope within a reasonable time frame) and (iii) a surgical intervention was not justified. A published methodology for guided endodontics was used. Measures on demographical and previous dental history were analysed and related to drill path precision, being evaluated on radiographs as optimal (centre of the root canal) or acceptable (peripheral/tangential). The chi‐square test was used for analyses of correlation between predictor variables and binary logistic regression analysis using backward elimination with degree of obliteration, guided access cavity preparation depth and precision as dependent variables. Significance level was 0.05.ResultsThirty‐one female (median age 65 year) and 19 males (median age 69 year) were enrolled. Overall, 88% (n = 44) of the teeth had pulp space obliteration associated with signs of apical periodontitis, whereas the remaining teeth were in need of a post. The pulp space obliterations were longer in maxillary compared with mandibular teeth (P = 0.024). The performance of the drill path in mandibular teeth versus maxillary teeth resulted in a significantly greater number of optimal precision scores (P = 0.033), and when a previous attempt at access and canal negotiation had occurred versus no attempt (P = 0.009). Even in cases with the worst outcome, the technique was still successful clinically.ConclusionsThe clinical implementation of guided root canal treatment in fifty serial cases of single‐rooted teeth with pulp space obliteration was associated with a precision that in all cases led to the location and negotiation of the root canal and completion of the treatment.
The effects of meteorological factors on influenza among children in Guangzhou, China
Authors: Guo Qiaozhi , Dong Zhiqiang , Zeng Weilin , Ma Wenjun , Zhao Danyang , Sun Xin , Gong Sitang , Xiao Jianpeng , Li Tiegang , Hu Wensui 
Published: November 2018

BackgroundInfluenza seriously affects the health of children, yet little evidence is available on the association between meteorological factors and the occurrence of influenza among children in subtropical regions. The current study aimed to explore the effects of meteorological factors on influenza among children in Guangzhou, a subtropical city in China.MethodsThe distributed lag nonlinear model (DLNM) was used to assess the effects of meteorological factors on children influenza occurrence in Guangzhou, China. Daily number of influenza cases among children aged 0‐17 years from 2013 to 2017 were obtained from the National Information System for Disease Control and Prevention.ResultsMean temperature, relative humidity, and atmospheric pressure were associated with influenza cases. The relative risks (RRs) increased as temperature fell below 20°C. The relationship between relative humidity and influenza cases could be described with a U‐shaped curve, and the RRs increased if relative humidity was lower than 50% or higher than 80%. The risk of influenza increased with rising atmospheric pressure with 1005 hPa as the break point. The cold effect, humid effect, dry effect, high‐pressure effect, and low‐pressure effect showed statistical significance both in female and male. The cold effect increased with age. The humid‐effect affects all age ranges of children, but dry effect mainly affected 4‐14 years old. High‐pressure effect mainly affected the 0‐3 years old, whereas low‐pressure effect protected preschool children aged 0‐6 years old.ConclusionMean temperature, relative humidity, and atmospheric pressure might be important predictors of the influenza occurrence among children in Guangzhou.
Screening oat germplasm for better adaptation to cold stress in the Southern Great Plains of the United States
Authors: Ayalew Habtamu , Anderson Joshua D. , Kumssa Tadele T. , Maulana Frank , Ma Xue‐Feng 
Published: November 2018

AbstractOat (Avena sativa L.) is one of the most important forage crops in the Southern Great Plains of the United States. However, it is more sensitive to cold stress than other small grains. In this study, diverse oat germplasm was evaluated for winter survival across multiple years and locations in the region. Field screening started with an observation trial of 1,861 diverse genotypes in the 2012–2013 season and was followed by four seasons of replicated trials from 2013 to 2017. Selection of good winter survivors was started in 2014–2015 season. All trials were laid out in randomized complete blocks with replications of two in 2013–2014 and 2014–2015, four in 2015–2016, and three in 2016–2017. Winter survival was scored in a 1‐to‐9 scale. Data were analysed for each year and location separately. Additive main effects and multiplicative interaction (AMMI) analysis were carried out on combined data of 35 genotypes that were commonly grown in each year and location. Highly significant (p < 0.001) variations were observed among genotypes, environments and genotype‐by‐environment interaction (GEI). The first three interaction principal components (IPCs) were highly significant (p < 0.001), explaining 96% of GEI. Broad sense heritability ranged from 46% to 93%, while heritability for all environments combined was relatively low (24.6%). At the end of the two cycles (2014/2015‐to‐2016/2017) of selection, mean winter survival was improved by more than 38% per cycle compared with the base population mean. Genotypes CIav 4390, CIav 6909 and CIav 7618 showed significantly higher winter survival than the standard checks Okay and Dallas. Genotypes CIav 4390 showed 20% and 35% improvement over the standard checks Okay and Dallas, respectively. Winter survival improvement in oat will remain a difficult task because of high GEI and low heritability. The identified superior genotypes will be used as crossing parents to transfer cold tolerance genes to other elite lines.
γ‐secretase inhibitor DAPT mitigates cisplatin‐induced acute kidney injury by suppressing Notch1 signaling
Authors: Soni Hitesh , Matthews Anberitha T. , Pallikkuth Sandeep , Gangaraju Rajashekhar , Adebiyi Adebowale 
Published: November 2018

AbstractOrgan toxicity, including kidney injury, limits the use of cisplatin for the treatment of multiple human cancers. Hence, interventions to alleviate cisplatin‐induced nephropathy are of benefit to cancer patients. Recent studies have demonstrated that pharmacological inhibition of the Notch signaling pathway enhances cisplatin efficacy against several cancer cells. However, whether augmentation of the anti‐cancer effect of cisplatin by Notch inhibition comes at the cost of increased kidney injury is unclear. We show here that treatment of mice with cisplatin resulted in a significant increase in Notch ligand Delta‐like 1 (Dll1) and Notch1 intracellular domain (N1ICD) protein expression levels in the kidneys. N‐[N‐(3,5‐difluorophenacetyl)‐L‐alanyl]‐S‐phenylglycine t‐butyl ester (DAPT), a γ‐secretase inhibitor reversed cisplatin‐induced increase in renal N1ICD expression and plasma or urinary levels of predictive biomarkers of acute kidney injury (AKI). DAPT also mitigated cisplatin‐induced tubular injury and reduction in glomerular filtration rate. Real‐time multiphoton microscopy revealed marked necrosis and peritubular vascular dysfunction in the kidneys of cisplatin‐treated mice which were abrogated by DAPT. Cisplatin‐induced Dll1/Notch1 signaling was recapitulated in a human proximal tubule epithelial cell line (HK‐2). siRNA‐mediated Dll1 knockdown and DAPT attenuated cisplatin‐induced Notch1 cleavage and cytotoxicity in HK‐2 cells. These data suggest that Dll1‐mediated Notch1 signaling contributes to cisplatin‐induced AKI. Hence, the Notch signaling pathway could be a potential therapeutic target to alleviate renal complications associated with cisplatin chemotherapy.
Decreasing sunbed use in the German population between 2001 and 2015: survey in 155 679 working persons
Authors: Augustin M. , Schäfer I. , Krensel M. , Reusch M. , Mohr P. , Greinert R. , John S.M. , Zander N. 
Published: November 2018

AbstractBackgroundUV radiation is a proven cause of skin cancer. Use of sunbeds has been shown to provide an attributable risk.ObjectiveTo evaluate the proportion of regular sunbed use in Germany based on large‐scale population‐based surveys over 15 years.MethodsSkin cancer screenings by dermatologists were conducted between 2001 and 2015 in more than 500 German companies, including a clinical examination and interviews on the risk behaviour related to sunburns and sunbeds.ResultsAmong 155 679 persons included regular sunbed use significantly declined from 11.0% in 2001 to 1.6% in 2015 (P < 0.001). There were significantly higher rates of sunbed use in women (12.5%/2.0%) vs. men (7.3%/1.3%; P < 0.001), in younger persons and in participants with darker skin (type II and III) vs. fair skin (type I). Individuals with sunburns in childhood were significantly more often sunbed users (5.1% vs. 4.6%; P = 0.002). A remarkable decline of sunbed use was observed after 2009 (7.0% in 2001–2008 and 2.2% in 2009–2015). This reduction occurred in the time of a legal ban of sunbed use for minors but also with the start of the national skin cancer screening programme.ConclusionUse of sunbeds in the German adult population has dropped by more than 85% in the past decade. Primary prevention, including the large public awareness following the legal ban of sunbed use for young people and the effects of the statutory skin cancer screening programme may have contributed to this.
Providing patients visiting emergency departments with useful information using public real time data: A case study based on Italian data
Authors: Lusa Lara , Bukovšek David 
Published: November 2018

AbstractRationale, aims, and objectivesMany hospitals provide some type of real time publicly available information about the crowding of the emergency departments (EDs). For example, at the time of writing, the number of patients waiting and in treatment is publicly available for EDs that cover more than half of the Italian population. However, usually, these data do not provide the key information that low‐priority patients are seeking, which is the time they might expect to wait before being seen by a doctor.MethodsIn this paper, we reanalyze the prospectively collected public data from the two major EDs of the Friuli Venezia Giulia Italian region, which maintains a web page that provides a real time estimate of the average waiting time of current ED patients. The paper discusses the usefulness of the estimate from the patients' prospective.ResultsWe point out a flow of the methodology used on web page of the Friuli Venezia Giulia region, and further show that the waiting time of current patients reflects poorly the expected time to treatment of new patients.DiscussionThe results suggest that available data should be used to develop and validate ED‐specific waiting time prediction models of low‐priority patients. The same data could also be used to estimate quantities that might be of interest for EDs resource management.