bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Multiple Pregnancy: Epidemiology and Association with Maternal and Perinatal Morbidity
Authors: Santana Danielly Scaranello , Surita Fernanda Garanhani , Cecatti José Guilherme 
Published: September 2018

AbstractTwin pregnancy accounts for 2 to 4% of total births, with a prevalence ranging from 0.9 to 2.4% in Brazil. It is associated with worse maternal and perinatal outcomes. Many conditions, such as severe maternal morbidity (SMM) (potentially life-threatening conditions and maternal near-miss) and neonatal near-miss (NNM) still have not been properly investigated in the literature. The difficulty in determining the conditions associated with twin pregnancy probably lies in its relatively low occurrence and the need for larger population studies. The use of the whole population and of databases from large multicenter studies, therefore, may provide unprecedented results. Since it is a rare condition, it is more easily evaluated using vital statistics from birth e-registries. Therefore, we have performed a literature review to identify the characteristics of twin pregnancy in Brazil and worldwide. Twin pregnancy has consistently been associated with SMM, maternal near-miss (MNM) and perinatal morbidity, with still worse results for the second twin, possibly due to some characteristics of the delivery, including safety and availability of appropriate obstetric care to women at a high risk of perinatal complications.
Endobronchial Ultrasound for Benign Tracheal Stenosis
Authors: Fiorelli Alfonso , Messina Gaetana , Santoriello Carlo , Santini Mario 
Published: September 2018

AbstractWe reported the role of endobronchial ultrasound as complement to standard diagnostic exams to better define the benign tracheal stenosis (i.e., thickness and tracheal cartilage integrity) and to plan the treatment with flexible instead of rigid bronchoscope. Under sedation and spontaneous ventilation, the flexible bronchoscope was inserted through the laryngeal mask airway that assured the ventilation. The stenosis was first resected with cold scissors and then dilated with balloon catheter. This strategy was successfully applied in five consecutive patients. Inclusion criteria for the procedure were stenosis < 1 cm in length, without tracheomalacia and with integrity of airway cartilage.
Die Bedeutung von Neurobiologie und Genetik für die psychiatrische Versorgung
Authors: Deckert J. 
Published: September 2018

ZusammenfassungDie Ergebnisse neurobiologischer und genetischer Forschung sind nicht nur ein Versprechen für innovative Therapien in der Zukunft, sondern haben bereits erste Auswirkungen auf die gegenwärtige psychiatrische Versorgung. So liefern neurobiologische Befunde das Rationale für integrative therapeutische Ansätze und die genetische Beratung bei psychischen Erkrankungen eine Hilfestellung für Lebensentscheidungen. Genetische Befunde tragen zur Entwicklung neuer diagnostischer Kategorien und Therapieansätze bei und pharmakogenetische Befunde weisen den Weg zu einer individuellen, personalisierten Therapie wie in anderen Disziplinen der Medizin.
Urinary Incontinence and Quality of Life in Female Patients with Obesity
Authors: Schreiner Lucas , Morsch Thiago Picolli , Saadi Rodrigo Petersen , Figueiredo Marina Faria , Padoin Alexandre Vontobel , Nygaard Christiana Campani 
Published: September 2018

Objective To analyze the prevalence of urinary incontinence (UI) in female patients with an indication for bariatric surgery, to investigate the potential risk factors and the impact on quality of life.Methods A cross-sectional study with female patients with obesity. The evaluation consisted of a structured interview, a specific study form and quality of life questionnaires. The Poisson regression was performed to identify independent risk factors related to UI.Results A total of 221 patients were enrolled; 118 of the study participants (53.4%) reported UI episodes. Mixed UI (MUI), stress UI (SUI) only, and urgency UI (UUI) only were reported by 52.5% (62), 33.9% (40) , and 13.5% (16) of these patients respectively. The prevalence of UI was increased by 47% among the women who had given birth vaginally and by 34% of the women who had entered menopause. Vaginal delivery and menopause were identified as independent risk factors related to UI. The mean International Consultation on Incontinence Questionnaire - Short Form (ICIQ-SF) score was 9.36 ± 4.9. The severity of symptoms was considered moderate in 53.3% (63) of the patients with UI.Conclusion Urinary incontinence impacts quality of life negatively, and the prevalence of UI is high among obese patients. In the present study, vaginal delivery and menopause were independently associated with UI.
Exploring the Effectiveness of an Intensive Treatment Program for School-Age Children Who Stutter, Camp Dream. Speak. Live.: A Follow-up Study
Authors: Gkalitsiou Zoi , Werle Danielle , Coalson Geoffrey , Byrd Courtney 
Published: September 2018

AbstractThe purpose of this follow-up study was to explore the effectiveness of an intensive treatment program—Camp Dream. Speak. Live.—within older, school-age children who stutter. Twenty-three school-age children who stutter (age range: 7–14 years) attended this week-long intensive therapy program for the first time. Outcome measures included Overall Assessment of the Speaker's Experience of Stuttering and the Patient Reported Outcomes Measurement Information System Pediatric Peer Relationships Form. Findings demonstrate significant improvements in quality of life and communication attitudes can be achieved in a short period of time when increasing fluency is not a target.
Distal Radioulnar Joint Replacement in the Scarred Wrist
Authors: Lans Jonathan , Chen Shih-Heng , Jupiter Jesse , Scheker Luis 
Published: September 2018

Background Radiocarpal or midcarpal arthritis can occur simultaneously with arthritis of the distal radioulnar joint (DRUJ), leading to functional impairment of the wrist. Treatment often involves wrist arthroplasty or arthrodesis, either with simultaneous or secondary procedures, addressing the DRUJ. Successful treatment of solitary DRUJ arthritis with DRUJ replacement has been reported. However, outcomes in patients with multiple prior wrist surgeries are lacking. Surgery in these wrists is challenging because surgical scarring and advanced bone deformities make implant positioning more difficult. Therefore, the aim of this study was to evaluate the outcomes in patients that underwent total wrist arthrodesis and DRUJ replacement after multiple prior wrist surgeries.
Methods We prospectively enrolled patients that underwent total wrist arthrodesis and replacement of the DRUJ, either simultaneously or during separate procedures from 1999 to 2012. We included 14 patients with a median age of 43 years (interquartile range [IQR]: 35–47). As objective outcomes range of motion, weight-bearing ability, grip strength, was measured. For the subjective outcomes, we used an analogue pain score and the disabilities of the arm shoulder and hand (DASH) scores.
Results At a median follow-up of 5.6 years (IQR: 3.2–7.1). The average DRUJ range of motion and weight lifting ability significantly improved. As for the subjective evaluations, postoperative pain scores improved significantly, as did the DASH scores. Four of the patients had a postoperative complication, including infection and heterotopic ossification, of which two required reoperations. Additionally, 5 patients developed pisotriquetral arthritis requiring, pisiform excision, triquetrum excision, or the combination of both.
Conclusion Distal radioulnar joint replacement with a semiconstrained prosthesis was an effective method to restore the function of the wrist and forearm. As the surgical anatomy and soft tissue envelope were compromised in these patients, additional surgical exposure is necessary, adding to the complexity in these patients. No radiographic loosening
Level of Evidence This is a therapeutic level IV study.
Burnout among psychiatry residents
Authors: Beezhold J. , Andlauer O. , Kuzman M. R. , Podlesek A. , Hanon C. , Schulze B. , Jovanovic N. 
Published: September 2018

SummaryAim: To evaluate burnout syndrome and related factors among psychiatry residents in 24 countries worldwide. We report data from Croatia and France, the first two to complete the study.Methods: The BoSS online questionnaire collects data on demographics, education, work circumstances, The Maslach Burnout Inventory (MBI-GS), The Areas of Worklife Survey, The Patient Health Questionnaire and The Suicide Ideation and Behaviour Questionnaire.Results: Study sample consists of 224 residents – 54 from Croatia (54% response rate) and 136 from France (34.1%). They both showed moderate level of burnout syndrome, while the Croats had significantly stronger feelings of professional efficacy. Being single, fewer weekly working hours and vacation days, and higher workload significantly predicted higher emotional exhaustion and higher cynicism.Conclusion: Our findings indicate moderate level of burnout among psychiatry residents and its strong association with inadequate working conditions.
Ethische Fragen bei der Integration von Standard- und Alternativverfahren in der psychiatrischen Therapie
Authors: Helmchen H. 
Published: September 2018

ZusammenfassungDie zunehmende Bedeutung evidenzbasierter Behandlungen und Standardisierung ihrer Anwendung ebenso wie wachsende finanzielle Begrenzungen verengen den Blick des Therapeuten und lassen die individuellen Besonderheiten und Bedürfnisse des Patienten außer Betracht. Infolgedessen suchen Patienten ihre subjektiven Bedürfnisse auf alternativen Wegen wie Selbstmedikation, Verfahren unbekannter Qualität, oder Konsultation von nichtärztlichen Behandlern zu befriedigen. Dadurch stellen sich auch dem Psychiater ethische Fragen, die unter Bezug auf die wichtigsten ethischen Prinzipien diskutiert werden: 1. Respektierung der Würde und Selbstbestimmung des Patienten heißt, ihn ernst zu nehmen. Wo jedoch liegen die Grenzen dabei, die Sichtweise des Patienten einzunehmen, wenn sein Wille mit seinem Wohl in Konflikt gerät, besonders in Fällen, in denen der Patient womöglich der Fähigkeit ermangelt, kompetent über therapeutische Alternativen zu entscheiden? 2. Vermeidung von Schaden soll den Patienten von ungeprüften Verfahren mit unbekannten Nebenwirkungen und Risiken abhalten sowie verhindern, dass eine wirksame Behandlung versäumt wird. Wie jedoch soll der Psychiater den Patienten von den Vorteilen des empfohlenen qualitätsgeprüften Verfahrens überzeugen, ohne ihn aus dem medizinischen Versorgungssystem hinaus und in unqualifizierte und ungeprüfte Verfahren hinein zu treiben? 3. Im Hinblick auf Gerechtigkeit erscheint es klar, dass Verfahren ungeprüfter Qualität von Krankenkassen nicht bezahlt werden sollten. Ist das jedoch auch noch akzeptabel, wenn keine effizienten Verfahren verfügbar sind, ein vom Patienten gewünschtes alternatives Verfahren jedoch seine Lebensqualität verbessern könnte?
„Arbeitskreis Junge Wissenschaftler“ der Deutschen Gesellschaft für Bipolare Störungen DGBS e.V.
Authors: Bauer M. , Gerber S. 
Published: September 2018

ZusammenfassungBislang wurde noch nicht allzu viel getan, um den wissenschaftlichen interessierten Nachwuchs im Bereich der Bipolaren Störung systematisch zu unterstützen. Dabei besteht die junge ,,Scientific Community“ aus zahlreichen Nachwuchstalenten, welche durch ihre frischen Ideen und innovativen Ansätze durchaus Potenzial besitzen, zum wissenschaftlichen Fortschritt im Bereich der Bipolaren Störung beizutragen. Um diesen Anforderungen gerecht zu werden und um die Interessen von bipolaren Patienten und ihren Angehörigen bestmöglich zu vertreten, wurde im Jahr 1999 die ,,Deutsche Gesellschaft für Bipolare Störungen DGBS e.V“ gegründet. Sie vertritt sowohl professionell mit der Störung befasste Personen wie auch Angehörige und Patienten und hat es sich zum Ziel gesetzt, zur Aufklärung der breiten Öffentlichkeit beizutragen und für bessere Therapie- und Diagnostik-Möglichkeiten einzustehen. Zur Förderung junger Nachwuchsforscher wurde 2005 unter dem Dach der Gesellschaft der ,,Arbeitskreis Junge Wissenschaftler“ gegründet, um unter der Anleitung bereits etablierter Forscher junge Talente zu ermutigen, gemeinsam Projekte durchzuführen und ein wissenschaftliches Netzwerk, das ganz Deutschland umspannt, zu errichten. Dadurch kann bereits der Forschernachwuchs dazu beitragen, die Lebensqualität von bipolaren Patienten mittelfristig zu erhöhen, indem sie zu einem tieferen Verständnis der Erkrankung und ihrer zugrunde liegenden Pathomechanismen beitragen. Aktuell sind über 30 Nachwuchswissenschaftler aus 17 verschiedenen Forschungszentren im ,,Arbeitskreis Junge Wissenschaftler“ tätig, wobei jedes neue Talent zur Qualität der wissenschaftlichen Erkenntnisse beiträgt.
Quality Information about Uterine Fibroids on the Internet
Authors: Melo Daniela Gama de , Jallad Pedro Sérgio Soares , Brito Luiz Gustavo Oliveira 
Published: September 2018

Objective There are no published studies analyzing the quality of the information for lay women on the Internet regarding uterine fibroids. The accuracy of the provided material is also unknown. Thus, we have performed a cross-sectional study with 381 websites in the English and Brazilian Portuguese languages between May and December 2017.
Methods Two investigators performed the analysis, and the Cohen kappa coefficient was calculated to analyze the agreement between them. Search terms (uterine fibroids and derivatives) in the English and Brazilian Portuguese languages were used. The accuracy was analyzed by a 10-item checklist created based on the American Society for Reproductive Medicine (ASRM), National Institutes of Health (NIH) and European Menopause and Andropause Society (EMAS) consensuses about uterine fibroids. The item–test correlation and the intraclass coefficient were performed in the 16 questions from the DISCERN instrument, which was designed to measure the quality of health information on the Internet. Analysis of variance (ANOVA) measurements were performed for the independent variables and the DISCERN/accuracy scores.
Results Google was the most used search engine, and uterine fibroid was the search term that generated most of the analyzed material. The median score for accuracy in all websites was 5 out of 10, and the median score of the DISCERN instrument was 38 out of 80. The top-scoring sites in the English language were derived from scientific organizations and federal governments, and they regarded the DISCERN score (The American College of Obstetricians and Gynecologists [ACOG], the Food and Drug Administration [FDA]) and the accuracy criteria (NIH, and FDA). On the other hand, in the Brazilian Portuguese language, the highest scores in both instruments were from magazines or physician's blogs. The Cronbach α test showed a higher correlation (0.77–0.79) between the sites and DISCERN; however, the item–test correlation varied from 0.39 to 0.56.
Conclusion There is a need to improve the quality of the information regarding uterine fibroids for lay women.
Fehler und Lösungen bei der medikamentösen Therapie chronischer Schmerzen
Authors: Häuser Winfried , Schuler Matthias 
Published: September 2018

AbstractChronic pain is a main symptom of many diseases in internal medicine. The symptomatic treatment of pain in medical diseases is the task of the internist. Errors in drug therapy of pain can be reduced by a systematic approach of selection, application and monitoring of used medicine, taking effectiveness, duration, dose, comedication and safety into account.
Mechanics of mouse blastocyst hatching revealed by a hydrogel-based microdeformation assay
Authors: Leonavicius Karolis , Royer Christophe , Preece Chris , Davies Benjamin , Biggins John S. , Srinivas Shankar 
Published: September 2018

Significance
Blastocyst hatching is crucial for implantation of mammalian embryos and a common failure point during in vitro fertilization (IVF). We have little knowledge of the mechanical basis whereby an embryo hatches out of the zona pellucida. We have developed a technique to measure blastocyst pressure, allowing us to quantify physiological parameters and providing additional measures of efficiency in IVF optimization. We find that mechanical stretching of the zona by the blastocyst is essential for efficient hatching. Cryopreservation and thawing of embryos is common during IVF. Our technique reveals significant differences in microphysiology between fresh and thawed embryos. Our experimental and associated mathematical techniques are also applicable to other biological systems involving cavity formation, providing an approach for measuring forces in diverse contexts.
Chloride regulates dynamic NLRP3-dependent ASC oligomerization and inflammasome priming
Authors: Green Jack P. , Yu Shi , Martín-Sánchez Fátima , Pelegrin Pablo , Lopez-Castejon Gloria , Lawrence Catherine B. , Brough David 
Published: September 2018

SignificanceThe NLRP3 inflammasome is a multimolecular protein complex which is responsible for regulating the processing and secretion of the proinflammatory cytokine interleukin-1β. Understanding the mechanisms regulating the assembly of the inflammasome is of outstanding biological interest and importance, not least because of the contributions of the NLRP3 inflammasome to disease processes. Here we report insights into the dynamic nature of inflammasome oligomerization and its dependence on chloride ions. These studies reveal an additional layer of regulation and priming that can further enhance and drive inflammatory responses.
High precision protein functional site detection using 3D convolutional neural networks
Authors: Torng Wen , Altman Russ B 
Published: September 2018

Abstract

Motivation
Accurate annotation of protein functions is fundamental for understanding molecular and cellular physiology. Data-driven methods hold promise for systematically deriving rules underlying the relationship between protein structure and function. However, the choice of protein structural representation is critical. Pre-defined biochemical features emphasize certain aspects of protein properties while ignoring others, and therefore may fail to capture critical information in complex protein sites.

Results
In this paper, we present a general framework that applies 3D convolutional neural networks (3DCNNs) to structure-based protein functional site detection. The framework can extract task-dependent features automatically from the raw atom distributions. We benchmarked our method against other methods and demonstrate better or comparable performance for site detection. Our deep 3DCNNs achieved an average recall of 0.955 at a precision threshold of 0.99 on PROSITE families, detected 98.89 and 92.88% of nitric oxide synthase and TRYPSIN-like enzyme sites in Catalytic Site Atlas, and showed good performance on challenging cases where sequence motifs are absent but a function is known to exist. Finally, we inspected the individual contributions of each atom to the classification decisions and show that our models successfully recapitulate known 3D features within protein functional sites.

Availability and implementation
The 3DCNN models described in this paper are available at https://simtk.org/projects/fscnn.

Supplementary information
Supplementary data are available at Bioinformatics online.
Sequence Alterations of Cortical Genes Linked to Individual Connectivity of the Human Brain
Authors: Xin Qilong , Ortiz-Terán Laura , Diez Ibai , Perez David L , Ginsburg Julia , El Fakhri Georges , Sepulcre Jorge 
Published: September 2018

AbstractIndividual differences in humans are driven by unique brain structural and functional profiles, presumably mediated in part through differential cortical gene expression. However, the relationships between cortical gene expression profiles and individual differences in large-scale neural network organization remain poorly understood. In this study, we aimed to investigate whether the magnitude of sequence alterations in regional cortical genes mapped onto brain areas with high degree of functional connectivity variability across individuals. First, human genetic expression data from the Allen Brain Atlas was used to identify protein-coding genes associated with cortical areas, which delineated the regional genetic signature of specific cortical areas based on sequence alteration profiles. Thereafter, we identified brain regions that manifested high degrees of individual variability by using test-retest functional connectivity magnetic resonance imaging and graph-theory analyses in healthy subjects. We found that rates of genetic sequence alterations shared a distinct spatial topography with cortical regions exhibiting individualized (highly-variable) connectivity profiles. Interestingly, gene expression profiles of brain regions with highly individualized connectivity patterns and elevated number of sequence alterations are devoted to neuropeptide-signaling-pathways and chemical-synaptic-transmission. Our findings support that genetic sequence alterations may underlie important aspects of brain connectome individualities in humans.Significance Statement: The neurobiological underpinnings of our individuality as humans are still an unsolved question. Although the notion that genetic variation drives an individual’s brain organization has been previously postulated, specific links between neural connectivity and gene expression profiles have remained elusive. In this study, we identified the magnitude of population-based sequence alterations in discrete cortical regions and compared them to the brain topological distribution of functional connectivity variability across an independent human sample. We discovered that brain regions with high degree of connectional individuality are defined by increased rates of genetic sequence alterations; these findings specifically implicated genes involved in neuropeptide-signaling pathways and chemical-synaptic transmission. These observations support that genetic sequence alterations may underlie important aspects of the emergence of the brain individuality across humans.