bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The role of prosumers in supporting renewable energies sources
Authors: Moghadam Sara Torabi , Di Nicoli Maria Valentina , Giacomini Alessia , Lombardi Patrizia , Toniolo Jacopo 
Published: September 2019

Abstract
The present study is a part of an on-going Horizon 2020 project, named “SCORE” (Supporting Consumer Co-Ownership in Renewable Energies), which focuses on sustainable cities and communities developments goal. Particularly, this project aims at (1) overcoming usage of energy from fossil sources in favour of renewable sources, (2) increasing the energy efficiency and (3) reducing the energy consumption. Since the first project’s task was completed, i.e. identification and description of different case studies, the next one is to propose for each of them several retrofit alternatives, in order to address the above mentioned “SCORE” purposes. In this framework, the main goal of the present study is to select and rank the relevant evaluation criteria, with the aim at building an evaluative matrix, which later makes possible to analyse the feasibility of the different case studies and choice the best retrofit alternative through a Multi-Criteria analysis (MCA). The criteria were pre-selected through a literature reviews, while the final selection took place by organizing a specific working group composed by real stakeholders. The results show how the role of the working groups (one composed by energy experts and the other by evaluation experts) were fundamental since the application of the playing card method allowed to (i) select and rank the set of relevant evaluation criteria and (ii) associate a weight for each evaluation criteria. Finally, it was decided not to aggregate the results of the two expert groups in order to show and consider the difference in stakeholders’ point of view.
Analysis of spatial variability of river streamflow at the catchment area of the Kolyma reservoir
Authors: Lebedeva L , Makarieva O , Vinogradova T 
Published: September 2019

Abstract
Analysis of the streamflow characteristics of fourteen streams and rivers on the catchment area of the Kolyma reservoir showed that spatial variations of the annual total streamflow agree with the variability of precipitation. The maximum daily flow and duration of the flow period depend on the catchment area. The fraction of different landscapes of the watershed is indicator of such processes as the water discharge from the talik aquifers at the river valleys and the cryogenic redistribution of streamflow that affect the variation coefficient of streamflow, the maximum flow and the duration of the flow period.
Modern problems of water protection in Russia
Authors: Venitsianov E V 
Published: September 2019

Abstract
Actual current problems of regulating the protection of water bodies in Russia are presented: imperfect water quality standards associated with the use of MPCs, regulatory and methodological documents (standards for allowable discharges), gaps in the system of hydrochemical monitoring of water bodies, imperfect economic mechanism of water use, lack of incentives for business entities, not taking into account the sources of diffuse pollution and the group of the most important pollutants - xenobiotics. An additional factor is the lack of preparation of regulatory and procedural documents to ensure the transition to a regulatory system based on BAT.
Influence of natural factors and human impact on water quality in the river Kudma – small tributary of the Cheboksary reservoir
Authors: Erina O , Vilimovich E , Sokolov D , Tereshina M 
Published: September 2019

Abstract
In this paper we present the results of water quality studies in the Kudma River – a small tributary of the Cheboksary reservoir (Middle Volga). The water quality of the river is formed under the influence of karst processes, widespread in its catchment area, as well as heavily polluted wastewater discharge from municipal sewer systems without nutrient removal facilities. Geological features of the catchment cause a significant increase in total dissolved solids and changes in the major ions content from the headwaters to the confluence with the Volga. At the same time, there is a rapid increase in the phosphorus and especially nitrogen content in the water below the places of domestic sewage release into the river. As a result, the Kudma River contributes to the nutrient pollution of the Cheboksary reservoir – one of the most eutrophic lakes in the Volga basin.
Aspects of water use in Russia-Kazakhstan transboundary region
Authors: Sivohip Z T 
Published: September 2019

Abstract
The study addresses the specific features of the use of water resources in the Russia- Kazakhstan transboundary region. It was found that over the past twenty years the studied region faced a significant reconfiguration of water use. The water consumption for agricultural purposes noticeably reduced, primarily due to a reduction in areas that receive inundation irrigation and regular irrigation. The subregions with relatively low indicators of water availability were established, which owes to insufficient renewable river run-off in conditions of significant water withdrawal for industrial and utility needs. Given the current demographic situation, the problem of guaranteed water supply may be exacerbated in Kazakhstan with a steady population growth. The results indicate that the socio-economic transformations in the Russia-Kazakhstan transboundary region affect the structure of water consumption, the water availability and the water use efficiency. The integrated water resources management within the Rus- sian-Kazakhstan transboundary region should improve the water use efficiency in the water sector and take into account the hydroclimatic changes.
Plankton communities in various parts of the water area of the Volzhsko-Kamsky Reserve Sarali cluster (Kuibyshev Reservoir)
Authors: Unkovskaya E N , Tarasova N G , Mukhortova O V 
Published: September 2019

Abstract
The article presents the results of monitoring of hydrochemical composition and structure of plankton communities in the water area of the Saralinsky part of the Volzhsko- Kamsky Reserve. The maximum indicators of the species richness, abundance, and biomass of algae, as well as zooplankton biomass, are noted in the ducts. A reliable relationship between the indicators of the quantitative development of phyto- and zooplankton and the content of dissolved oxygen is established. The statistic relationship between phyto- and zooplankton biomass is shown. In phytoplankton the massive development of Planktothrix agardii Gomont is noticed. This fact shows the changes in the complex of the dominant species of blue-green algae in the Kuibyshev reservoir.
Perspective on topological states of non-Hermitian lattices
Authors: Foa Torres Luis E F 
Published: September 2019

Abstract
The search of topological states in non-Hermitian systems has gained a strong momentum over the last two years climbing to the level of an emergent research front. In this perspective we give an overview with a focus on connecting this topic to others like Floquet systems. Furthermore, using a simple scattering picture we discuss an interpretation of concepts like the Hamiltonian’s defectiveness, i.e. the lack of a full basis of eigenstates, crucial in many discussions of topological phases of non-Hermitian Hamiltonians.
Effects of pharmacologically induced Leydig cell testosterone production on intratesticular testosterone and spermatogenesis†
Authors: Chung Jin-Yong , Brown Sean , Chen Haolin , Liu June , Papadopoulos Vassilios , Zirkin Barry 
Published: September 2019

AbstractThe Leydig cells of the mammalian testis produce testosterone (T) in response to luteinizing hormone (LH). In rats and men with reduced serum T levels, T replacement therapy (TRT) will raise T levels, but typically with suppressive effects on sperm formation. The rate-determining step in T formation is the translocation of cholesterol to the inner mitochondrial membrane, mediated by protein–protein interactions of cytosolic and outer mitochondrial membrane proteins. Among the involved proteins is cholesterol-binding translocator protein (TSPO) (18 kDa TSPO). We hypothesized that in contrast to TRT, the administration of the TSPO agonist N,N-dihexyl-2-(4-fluorophenyl)indole-3-acetamide (FGIN-1-27), by stimulating the ability of the Leydig cells to produce T, would result in the elevation of serum T levels while maintaining intratesticular T concentration and therefore without suppression of spermatogenesis. Age-related reductions in both serum and intratesticular T levels were seen in old Brown Norway rats. Both exogenous T and FGIN-1-27 increased serum T levels. With exogenous T, serum LH and Leydig cell T formation were suppressed, and intratesticular T was reduced to below the concentration required to maintain spermatogenesis quantitatively. In contrast, FGIN-1-27 stimulated Leydig cell T formation, resulting in increased serum T without reductions in intratesticular T concentrations or in testicular sperm numbers. FGIN-1-27 also significantly increased serum and intratesticular T levels in rats made LH-deficient by treatment with the gonadotropin-releasing hormone antagonist cetrorelix. These results point to a possible approach to increasing serum T without negative effects on spermatogenesis, based upon stimulating T production by the Leydig cells themselves rather than administering T exogenously.
Spectra of Sovereignty: Nationalism and International Relations
Authors: Heiskanen Jaakko 
Published: September 2019

AbstractThis article furthers our understanding of the ontology of modern international relations by foregrounding the neglected structuring role of nationalism. Most accounts of nationalism in international relations reduce the phenomenon to a peripheral threat, whereby nationalism only seems to become relevant in moments when the international order is in crisis. In contrast, I argue that the ontology of modern international relations is inherently parasitic on nationalism. Leveraging on Jacques Derrida's writings on “hauntology,” this article recasts nationalism as a spectral logic that silently structures the ontology of modern international relations, even when it seems to remain absent and ineffective. In particular, I explain how the contradictions of nationalism become embedded in the concept of sovereignty, which serves as the ontological cornerstone of modern international relations. Transgressions of sovereignty are therefore not reducible to a tension between normative and factual levels, or logics of appropriateness and logics of consequences, but stem from the structural impossibility of the nationalist project itself. Viewed this way, the aporetic form of sovereignty is not merely a logical conundrum but a vital and productive ontological opening that sets international relations in motion.
Analysis of rupture mode and acoustic emission characteristic of rock and coal samples with holes
Authors: Chen Dong , Wang Enyuan , Li Nan 
Published: September 2019

Abstract
In order to understand the rupture mechanism of rock and coal samples with holes, the acoustic emission (AE) tests of rock and coal samples with holes under uniaxial compression are done. Through the AE tests, the basic mechanical and AE variation rule of two samples in the total rupture process are obtained, the dynamic rupture process was observed and finally the spatial evolution and multi-fractal characteristic of AE are analyzed. The results show that the variation rule of AE events of two samples are coincident with the variation rule of stress. The uniaxial compressive strength of a rock sample with a hole is about five times than that of a coal sample with a hole, and the maximum AE pulsing counts (AEPC) of a rock sample with a hole is much larger than that of a coal sample with a hole. Due to the variation of lithology, the dynamic rupture process and the spatial evolution rule of AE events of rock and coal samples with holes are obviously different. But the distributions of the three-dimensional locations of the two samples are coincident with the macroscopic rupture morphology. Both of them have multi-fractal characteristic in the process of rupture, the multi-fractal spectrum width Δf(α) at the time of rupture is smaller than that before rupture and the Δf(α) before rupture is smaller than that after rupture. This indicates that the energy (E) before and after rupture is smaller than that at the time of rupture, the E after rupture is smaller than that before rupture and the E of a coal sample with a hole in each stage is less than that of the corresponding stages of a rock sample with a hole.
Frequency-domain elastic wavefield simulation with hybrid absorbing boundary conditions
Authors: Zhao Zhencong , Chen Jingyi , Liu Xiaobo , Chen Baorui 
Published: September 2019

AbstractThe frequency-domain seismic modeling has advantages over the time-domain modeling, including the efficient implementation of multiple sources and straightforward extension for adding attenuation factors. One of the most persistent challenges in the frequency domain as well as in the time domain is how to effectively suppress the unwanted seismic reflections from the truncated boundaries of the model. Here, we propose a 2D frequency-domain finite-difference wavefield simulation in elastic media with hybrid absorbing boundary conditions, which combine the perfectly matched layer (PML) boundary condition with the Clayton absorbing boundary conditions (first and second orders). The PML boundary condition is implemented in the damping zones of the model, while the Clayton absorbing boundary conditions are applied to the outer boundaries of the damping zones. To improve the absorbing performance of the hybrid absorbing boundary conditions in the frequency domain, we apply the complex coordinate stretching method to the spatial partial derivatives in the Clayton absorbing boundary conditions. To testify the validity of our proposed algorithm, we compare the calculated seismograms with an analytical solution. Numerical tests show the hybrid absorbing boundary condition (PML plus the stretched second-order Clayton absorbing condition) has the best absorbing performance over the other absorbing boundary conditions. In the model tests, we also successfully apply the complex coordinate stretching method to the free surface boundary condition when simulating seismic wave propagation in elastic media with a free surface.
Brachial Plexus Birth Injury: Epidemiology and Birth Weight Impact on Risk Factors
Authors: Lalka Andy , Gralla Jane , Sibbel Sarah E. 
Published: September 2019

Background:
Brachial plexus birth injury (BPBI) is a condition in which the brachial plexus is thought to be damaged during the birth process. Studies have cited a varying incidence rate ranging from 0.5 to 4.0 per 1000 live births. The purpose of this study is to evaluate birth claims data over a 15-year period to identify risk and protective factors for BPBI in the state of Colorado.

Methods:
A data request was made to the state hospital association for birth claims data. We requested all birth claims from the years 2000 to 2014. ICD9 codes for variables of interest included: BPBI, shoulder dystocia, heavy-for-dates, macrosomia, breech delivery, instrumented birth, birth hypoxia, and gestational diabetes. A multivariable logistic regression model quantified both risk and protective factors for the development of BPBI as odds ratios (ORs) with 95% confidence intervals (CI).

Results:
There were 966,447 birth records received from State Hospital Association. The BPBI incidence was 0.63/1000 live births. The mean (SD) birth weight was 3187 (572) g for the total population and 3808 (643) g for the BPBI births. Later admission year indicated a decrease in BPBI births (OR, 0.94; 95% CI: 0.92, 0.96/y). Asian, black, and Hispanic infants were more likely to have a BPBI than white infants. Shoulder dystocia (OR, 60.37; 95% CI: 47.90, 76.13) was the highest risk factor for BPBI followed by instrumented forceps birth (OR, 21.04; 95% CI: 12.22, 36.21), breech delivery (OR, 15.38; 95% CI: 5.60, 42.25), and gestational diabetes (OR, 4.46; 95% CI: 3.29, 6.57). Cesarean single births had the lowest risk for BPBI (0.27; 95% CI: 0.20, 0.37), whereas cesarean multiple births (2.33; 95% CI: 1.10, 4.94) and natural multiple births (3.20; 95% CI: 1.36, 7.55) were at higher risk when compared with natural single births and all were statistically significant at P<0.027. Colorado births had a decreased risk of BPBI compared with the United States each year from 2000 (0.82/1000 births vs. 1.6/1000 live births, P<0.001) to 2012 (0.56/1000 live births vs. 0.9/1000 live births, P=0.003).

Conclusions:
BPBI has decreased from 2000 to 2014. Historically Colorado has had a lower BPBI incidence than the United States. Shoulder dystocia, instrumented forceps birth, gestational diabetes, and breech delivery are the biggest predictors for BPBI. Increased awareness of shoulder dystocia and instrumented birth are hypothesized to have reduced these incidences. Nonwhites and Medicaid patients seem to be at higher risk for BPBI.

Level of Evidence:
Level II—Prognostic.
Therapeutic Drug Monitoring of Targeted Anticancer Protein Kinase Inhibitors in Routine Clinical Use: A Critical Review
Authors: Cardoso Evelina , Guidi Monia , Blanchet Benoît , Schneider Marie Paule , Decosterd Laurent A. , Buclin Thierry , Csajka Chantal , Widmer Nicolas 
Published: September 2019

Background:
Therapeutic response to oral targeted anticancer protein kinase inhibitors (PKIs) varies widely between patients, with insufficient efficacy of some of them and unacceptable adverse reactions of others. There are several possible causes for this heterogeneity, such as pharmacokinetic (PK) variability affecting blood concentrations, fluctuating medication adherence, and constitutional or acquired drug resistance of cancer cells. The appropriate management of oncology patients with PKI treatments thus requires concerted efforts to optimize the utilization of these drug agents, which have probably not yet revealed their full potential.

Methods:
An extensive literature review was performed on MEDLINE on the PK, pharmacodynamics, and therapeutic drug monitoring (TDM) of PKIs (up to April 2019).

Results:
This review provides the criteria for determining PKIs suitable candidates for TDM (eg, availability of analytical methods, observational PK studies, PK–pharmacodynamics relationship analysis, and randomized controlled studies). It reviews the major characteristics and limitations of PKIs, the expected benefits of TDM for cancer patients receiving them, and the prerequisites for the appropriate utilization of TDM. Finally, it discusses various important practical aspects and pitfalls of TDM for supporting better implementation in the field of cancer treatment.

Conclusions:
Adaptation of PKIs dosage regimens at the individual patient level, through a rational TDM approach, could prevent oncology patients from being exposed to ineffective or unnecessarily toxic drug concentrations in the era of personalized medicine.
Personality traits and the risk of coronary heart disease or stroke in women with diabetes – an epidemiological study based on the Women's Health Initiative
Authors: Miao Jonasson Junmei , Hendryx Michael , Manson JoAnn E. , Dinh Paul , Garcia Lorena , Liu Simin , Luo Juhua 
Published: September 2019

Abstract

Objective:
We studied the associations between personality traits and the risk of coronary heart disease (CHD) or stroke in women with diabetes.

Methods:
From the Women's Health Initiative, 15,029 women aged 50 to 79 years at enrollment and with self-reported treated diabetes at baseline or follow-up, were followed for a mean of 10 years. Personality traits measured from validated scales included hostility, optimism, ambivalence over emotional expressiveness, and negative emotional expressiveness. Multivariable Cox proportional-hazards regression models were used to examine associations between personality traits and the risk of adjudicated CHD (nonfatal myocardial infarction and CHD death) or stroke outcomes. Progressively adjusted regression approach was used in the multivariable models to adjust for demographics, depression, anthropometric variables, and lifestyle factors.

Results:
A total of 1,118 incident CHD and 710 incident stroke cases were observed. Women in the highest quartile of hostility had 22% (hazard ratio [HR] 1.22, 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.01-1.48) increased risk for CHD compared with women in the lowest quartile of hostility. P values for trend were greater than 0.05. Stratified analysis by prevalent or incident diabetes showed that the highest quartile of hostility had 34% increased risk for CHD (HR 1.34, 95% CI 1.03-1.74) among women with incident diabetes. Other personality traits were not significantly associated with stroke or CHD.

Conclusions:
Hostility was associated with incidence of CHD among postmenopausal women with diabetes, especially among incident diabetes. These results provide a basis for targeted prevention programs for women with a high level of hostility and diabetes.
Recovery Following Sport-Related Concussion: Integrating Pre- and Postinjury Factors Into Multidisciplinary Care
Authors: Kontos Anthony P. , Elbin R. J. , Sufrinko Alicia , Marchetti Gregory , Holland Cyndi L. , Collins Michael W. 
Published: September 2019

Objective:Update concussion recovery curves by considering pre- and postinjury modifying factors. Determine whether there is a dose-response for modifying factors on recovery.Setting:Sports medicine concussion clinic.Participants:A total of 314 athletes aged 12-23 years within 7 days of a concussion enrolled between 2015 and 2018.Design:Prospective cohort study.Main Measures:Categorical recovery time defined as days from injury to full medical clearance for return to play per established criteria. Preinjury factors included age, gender, concussion history, and migraine history. Postinjury factors included loss of consciousness, posttraumatic amnesia, posttraumatic migraine symptoms, and high symptom burden.Results:Average recovery was 27.5 ± 25 days. Five factors were prognostic of recovery: (1) younger than 18 years, (2) female, (3) history of migraine, (4) posttraumatic migraine symptoms, and (5) high symptom burden (P< .05). Recovery percentage at 21 days after injury was 96.7% for participants with 0 factor, 65.3% for those with 1 to 2, and 31.8% for those with 3 to 5—with prognostic separation in low- to high-risk groups of 62%.Conclusions:Findings support a dose-response for combined pre- and postinjury factors on recovery. Both the type and quantity of modifying factors influence recovery and should be considered in prognosis and approaches to multidisciplinary care.