bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
FACTOR II ACTIVATING ACTIVITY IN EXTRACTS OF TUMORAL NECROSIS FROM TWO MURINE BREAST ADENOCARCINOMAS
Authors: Blanco A , Bonfil R , Bustoabad O , Lazzari M 
Published: August 2018

Increased deposition and lysis of fibrin, associated with malignant tissue, has led to look for activators of both the coagulation and fibrinolytic systems produced by tumor cells. We report the evidences of a procoagblant activity (PA) in the extracts of intratumoral necrosis from two experimental breast adenocarcinomas in murine model (BALB/c). The tumors have different metastatic capacity (MC). M3 without MC and MM3 with high MC.The addition of the extracts to: 1- Normal Plasma, 2- Deficient substrates in coagulation factors, 3- Purified, fibrinogen (I), showed: 1- Shortening of the plasma recalcification time (PRT) and APTT, without ;modification on prothrombin time (PT), 2- Reduction of the PRT on deficient substrates in factors: VIII; VII; VII and X; V; V, VII and X; without modification on II deficient substrate, 3- No PA on I. Table:C: Control, s: seconds, m: minutes. The PA was not affected by heparin. The results suggest that the PA is independent of the presence of either factor VIII or factor VII (intrinsic or extrinsic pathway respectively), as well as presence of either factor V or factor X. Any effect was observed either on factor II deficient substrate or on I, so, there was no evidence of thrombin activity The PA could be act directly on factor II, suggesting that fibrin formation could be induced by a “non-classical” activation pathway. No significant differences (p>0.5) in PA were observed between both tumoral necrosis extracts. The necrotic area in M3 (37%) is bigger than in MM3 (18%). So, much more PA could be present in MM3 and this could play a role in the MC of this tumor.
EXPERIMENTAL RESEARCHES OF EFFECTS OF POLYACTIN A ON HEMOPOIETIC STEM CELL OF MARROW
Authors: Xiang-yuan Zeng , Ying Zhang 
Published: August 2018

Polyactin A is a new immunological enhancement agent which was developped in China for the first time1 It is a polysaccharide extracted from cultured a-hemolytic streptococcus No.33 the mouth.Clinical observation suggests that the drug has marked inhibiting effects on some tumors and can increase the number of leucocytes, enhance immunity of the organism.Polyactin. A has especially good effect on aplastic anemia and it is a new drug in treatment of aplastic anemia.However, it mechanism isn’t understand.Effects of Polyactin A on hemopoietic stem cells of marrow are studied. The hemopoietic stem cells (CFU-s) were measured by method forming colonies in the spleen after mice were irradiated. Experimental observations showed that spleen weight, the number of CFU-s and spleen index in the group of Polyactin A were notably more than those in the control group. Electron microscopic studies on the colonies of spleen were also presented. The results suggest that Polyactin A can make effects on hemopoietic stem cells of marrow and has good influence to stimulate hemopoiesis.This study provided experimental evidence for use which Polyactin A can treat aplastic anemia in clinic.
EVALUATION OF CLOTTING PARAMETERS AND PHYSIOLOGICAL INHIBITORS IN PH /+ CHRONIC MYELOID LEUKEMIA PATIENTS UNDERGOING ALLOGENEIC BONE MARROW TRANSPLANTATION
Authors: Tirindelli M C , Arcese W , Mariani G , Papa G , Fossati C , Iacopino G 
Published: August 2018

The aim of this study is to evaluate blood coagulation changes in Ph positive chronic myeloid leukemia (Ph + CML) patients undergoing allogeneic bone marrow transplantation (BMT), T-depleted with the monoclonal antibody Campath 1, and to find a possible correlation between changes of procoagulant proteins, physiological inhibitors and venoclusive disease (VOD). VOD is a major complication in, the early period following BMT.Out of 13 patients, two of them developed VOD. Von Willebrand Factor Antigen (vWF:Ag), Factor VII antigen (F.VII:Ag), Plasminogen antigen (PLG:Ag), Factor V activity (F.V:C), Antithrombin III activity, Protein C antigen (PC:Ag) and fibrinogen activity (FG) were evaluated in all patients following sampling times: day 10 (before conditioning regimen), day 0 (day of BMT), day + 10 (after BMT), day + 28 (median day of engraftment) and day + 60 (after BMT).PLG:Ag, F. VII:Ag and PC:Ag levels decreased significantly (p values < .05, < .025, < .001 respectively). In particular, in 5 patients whose PC:Ag levels dropped below the limit considered at risk for thrombosis (< 60 U/dl), two of them developed VOD. vWF:Ag, F. V:C and FG increased significantly (p values < .04, < .05, < .05 respectively). Antithrombin III activity did not change significantly throughout the period of observation.In conclusion, the reduction of PC, PLG and the contemporary rise of vWF and FG can increase the risk of developing thromboembolism in the early stage following BMT.
DEEP VENOUS THROMBOSIS PR0FYLAXIS WITH A LMW HEPARIN (KABI 2165) IN STROKE PATIENTS
Authors: Prins M H , den Ottolander G J H , Gelsema R , van Woerkom T C M , Sing A K , Heller I 
Published: August 2018

In a group of 60 patients entering our hospital for completed stroke, within 72 hours after onset of symptoms, treatment with Kabi 2165 2x 2500 anti-Xa U s.c. was compared to placebo 2x s.c. in a double blind trial to test the assumption that Kabi 2165 could prevent DVT, without causing cerebral bleeding in the ischaemic area. The diagnosis of stroke was made on clinical grounds. A.CT-scan of the head was performed before entering the trial to exclude cerebral bleeding or tumor. Follow-up during a trial period of 14 days included a Fibrinogen scan - if positive followed by flebografy. After the trial period or when clinical deterioration occurred a CT-scan of the head was repeated. Before and during the trial period haematologic and coagulation data were obtained and will be reported. Obduction was obtained whenever possible.The patient groups were comparable, except for a slight preponderance of disturbed consciousness and atrial fibrillation in the Kabi 2165-treated group. This difference did not reach statistic significance. In the Kabi 2165 group there were 6 cases of DVT compared to 15 in the placebo group (p=0,05). In the Kabi 2165-treated group there were slightly more cases of cerebral bleeding and death during trial, respectively 4 versus 2 and 9 versus 4 (both NS). Cerebral bleeding occurred only in patients with a bloodpressure above 150/90 mmHg on entering.Although the patient group is still small, we like to conclude that in normotensive stroke patients Kabi 2165 2x 2500 anti-Xa U s.c. per 24 hours, is a safe method of DVT profylaxis.
THROMBOSIS PROPHYLAXIS WITH LOW MOLECULAR WEIGHT HEPARIN (KABI 2165) AND CALCIUM HEPARIN IN PATIENTS WITH TOTAL HIP REPLACEMENT
Authors: Potron G , Barre J , Droulle C , Baudrillard J C , Barbie P , Kher A 
Published: August 2018

In a prospective controlled randomized trial efficacy and safety of a low molecular weight heparin (Kabi 2165) and calcium heparin were compared in 80 patients with total hip replacement. 40 patients were given Kabi 2165 : 2,500 anti-Xa Units S.C. 2 hours before operation and then every 12 hours for 10 days. 40 patients received calcium heparin : 5,000 iu S.C. 2 hours before operation, then every 8 hours during the first post operative day and then heparin doses were adjusted according to the activated partial thromboplastin time and the thrombin time for 10 days. Bilateral venography was performed routinely on all patients between the ninth and tenth post operative day. The two groups were well matched for risk factors which could predispose to risk of developing venous thrombosis. 7 patients in Kabi 2165 group (17,5 96) and 4 patients in calcium heparin group (10 %) developed D.V.T. (p = 0.33). In 3 patients (7,5 96) of Kabi 2165 group and in 2 patients (5 96) of calcium heparin group, the thrombi extented to the popliteal-femoral vein. The incidence is not significantly different (p = 0,50). There were no significant differences in postoperative mean estimated blood losses, and mean blood units transfused. Mean hemoglobin levels and mean hematocrit values at the day before operation, the 1st, 5th, and 10th day after operation were :These differences were not statistically significant. Incidence of wound hematomas was similar in both groups No thrombocytopenia was reported in this study. In conclusion, Kabi 2165 2,500 anti Xa Units twice daily seems as efficient as adjusted-dose of calcium heparin thrice daily.
USE OF A LOW MOLECULAR WEIGHT HEPARIN (LMWH) KABI 2165 DURING HAEMODIALYSIS : DETERMINATION OF LOWEST EFFECTIVE DOSE-MEMBRANE DEPENDANT DOSAGE REGIMEN
Authors: Potron G , Toupance O , Droulle C , Chanard J , Kher A , Barbier P 
Published: August 2018

The L.M.W.H., Kabi 2165 was compared to standard heparin in stable chronic haemodialysis patients in order to determine the lowest effective dose.An initial dose of 1,000 to 2,500 anti-Xa units followed by an additional dose of 750 to 1,500 anti-Xa units, 1 or 2 hours after the start of the c’alysis was associated with clotting and bleeding complications on 156 dialysis performed in 8 patients: 33 partial coagulations of extracorporeal circulation and 16 minor bleeding events. This dosage regimen corresponds to half of that of standard heparin needed in the same patients to prevent clinical problems.In 9 patients treated with haemodialysis for 4 hours or less using cuprophane membrane, a single dose of 80 anti-Xa units/kg given at the start of dialysis achieved a sufficient antithrombotic effect on 195 dialysis, but minor bleeding complications were observed in 4 cases.On 270 dialysis perfomed in 12 patients using polyacrylonitrile membrane, it was necessary to increase by 1,000 anti-Xa units this previous dosage to obtain satisfactory effectiveness.The biological activities measured in this study indicates that : rises in fibrinopeptide A and platelet factor 4 were associated with clotting in the extracorporeal circulation.Increased levels of factors VIII : RAg and decreased levels of prekal1ierein in the predialysis blood sanples were corrected by Kabi 2165.In conclusion, Kabi 2165 would appear to be an effective and easier antithrombotic agent in patients on chronic haemodialysis.
PLASMA EXCHANGE WITH A VERY LOW MOLECULAR WEIGHT (VLMW) HEPARIN FRAGMENT CY 222. EVOLUTION OF THE COAGULATION FACTORS
Authors: Crespo B , Assogba U , Bayrou B , Rouffi F , Crespo B , Durande J P , Rottenburg J 
Published: August 2018

In a randomized, between-patient study we investigated the effects of a VLMW Heparin fragment (CY 222) versus standard Heparin (SH) in plasma exchanges (n = 8) on coagulation factors (CF): Fibrinogen (FGN), II, V, VII + X, IX, XI, XII, VI11c, VIIIRag.VIIIvwf and ATI11, Prot C, Prot S, Plasminogen.(PGN), APTT, Prothrombin . time (PT), TT, anti factor Xa (AXa), D-Dimer, Platelet Count. Heparin was administered as a bolus and an infusion during the sesr sion, CY 222 as a bolus dose only. 1 to 1.5 plasma volume was exchanged substituted by 5% albumin. The preliminary results (mean, s.d.) at the end of the session (End) and 4 hours later (T4) are summarized below. No differences were found between treatment groups at the baseline (data not shown).CF are similar in both groups except Factor XII levels at the end of the session, and Factors II, V, XII at T4 (paired t-test: p < 0.05). High APTT levels in all samples seem related to low FGN (p < 0.01). Significant differences in AXa activities were found in each treatment compared with its own standard suggesting different ranges of activities of both drugs. Evolution in D-Dimer levels seems different during the session and at T4 according to the tested drugs and could be related to their mode of administration. Clinical efficiency and tolerance were excellent either with CY 222 or with SH.
DERMATAN SULPHATE PREVENTS VENOUS THROMBOSIS IN RATS WITHOUT INCREASING BLEEDING
Authors: Maggi A , Abbadini M , Salemi R , Pangrazzi J , Pagella P G , Donati M B 
Published: August 2018

Studies have suggested that endogenous proteoglycans, structurally similar to heparin, contribute to the “non-thrombogenicity” of the vascular wall. Our studies concentrated on Dermatan Sulphate (DS-MF 701) Heparin Sulphate (HS) and Standard Heparin (SH), all from Mediolanum Farmaceutici. The antithrombotic potential of these GAGs was evaluated in a well established model of venous thrombosis consisting in the ligature of the vena cava, 15 min after i.v. administration of the drug. A dose response-curve was obtained for DS (0.25-4 mg/kg), HS (1 -5 mg/kg) and SH (0.5-2 mg/kg).At the dose of 2 mg/kg DS was able to inhibit thrombotic occurrence by 80%, as compared to heparin 100% and HS 40%. The haemorrhaglc potential of these GAGs was then evaluated using two in vivo tests, the “template” method, which detects any alterations in primary haemostasis, and the tail “transection” method which is not only sensitive to changes in primary haemostasis but also to coagulation and fibrinolytic abnormalities; the tests were carried out 15 min after drug administration. Unlike SH, DS did not induce bleeding at equipotent antithrombotic doses wheareas HS induced bleeding even if not to the same extent as SH. DS did not modify the coagulation tests (APTT, TT and anti-Xa), again unlike SH. In conclusion, DS in the venous thrombosis model used, showed the peculiarity to prevent thrombus formation without inducing bleeding complications.
THE MODE OF ACTION OF PENTOSAN POLYSULPHATE IN PLASMA
Authors: Béguin S , Hemker H C 
Published: August 2018

We developed a method which enables as to compute the course of prothrombinase activity in clotting plasma (H.C. Hemker, G.M. Willems, S. Béguin: Thromb. Haemostas. 56, 9-17, 1986) and used this for a study of the effect of pentosan polysulphate (PPS) on thrombin generation.When added to normal plasma in the concentration range of 0-8 μg/ml PPS induces a linear increase of the pseudo first order decay constant of endogenous thrombin like heparin does, 1 ug of PPS being equivalent to 0.045 Aig of heparin. Contrary to heparin this action is partly (∼ 65%) dependent upon AT III and partly (∼ 35%) upon heparin cofactor II.In normal plasma PPS causes an inhibition of both extrinsic and intrinsic prothrombinase formation. Only in the intrinsic system an increase of the lag time of prothrombinase appearance is observed. Unlike heparin, PPS does not inhibit factor IXa induced thrombin formation neither does it inhibit prothrombinase formation in the presence of preactivated factor VIII. The prolongation of the lag times must therefore be ascribed to inhibition by PPS of the activation of factor VIII.The inhibition of extrinsic prothrombinase formation by PPS increases with progressive dilution of thromboplastin and is not seen in haemophilia A or B plasma. This demonstrates the existance of a factor VIII and IX dependent process in extrinsic coagulation that gains in importance when the potency of factgr VII-tissue factor complex decreases, i.e. the Josso pathway.PPS, but also heparin causes an unexplained increase of prothrombinase action in haemophIIic plasma. The same phenomenon may be expected to exist in normal plasma, be it obscured by a concomitant inhibition. This, together with the incomplete inhibition of factor VIII activation by PPS makes that we cannot use this inhibitor as a means to quantitate the Josso pathway. The best estimate that we can obtain is that, in the presence of 2% thromboplastin, the factor IX dependent activation of factor X contributes more then 20% to prothrombinase generation.
PROTHROMBIN TIMES AND CLOTTABLE FIBRINOGEN DETERMINATIONS ON AN AUTOMATED COAGULATION LABORATORY (ACL 810) ANALYZER.
Authors: Farag A M , Brown J M , Sachs R J , Mammen E F 
Published: August 2018

The ACL 810 is a fully automated, microcomputer controlled centrifugal analyzer (Instrumentation Laboratory/IL). It performs clot based and chromogenic substrate assays. The clot based assay utilizes laser nephelometry. Prothrombin times (PT) in normal and abnormal plasmas were analyzed on the ACL using different thromboplastins and the data compared with a Fibrometer and a Coag-A-Mate. The correlation between the ACL (II reagents) and the Coag-A-Mate and Fibrometer (Thromboplastin C, Dade) for 100 samples were as follows: ACL vs Coag-A-Mate r = 0.87 (p < 0.001), m (slope) 1.13; ACL vs Fibrometer r = 0.92 (p < 0.001), m = 1.1.Since the ACL 810 determines PT and fibrinogen simultaneously, we compared fibrinogen levels on the ACL 810 (II Thromboplastin) with those analyzed on a Multistat III Centrifugal Analyzer (MCA) (bovine thrombin, Hemostasis Laboratories) and a Fibrometer (Data-Fi, Dade). The following correlations were obtained: ACL vs Fibrometer n = 50, r = 0.922 (p < 0.001), m 0.72; ACL vs MCA n = 100, r 0.899 (p < 0.001), m 0.7; MCA vs Fibrometer n = 70, r = 0.954 (p < 0.001), m = 0.936. We also compared different manufacturers' thromboplastins on the ACL 810 in the determination of fibrinogen with the following results:The run-to-run coefficient of variation (CV) for fibrinogen was 4.4% and for PT 0.26%; the intra-run CV was 4.66% and 0.41%. These data reveal excellent correlations for both PT and fibrinogen not only with different instruments but also with different thromboplastins on the same instrument.
THE RELIABILITY OF THE INTERNATIONAL NORMALISED RATIO (INR) DURING SHORT TERM ORAL ANTICOAGULANT TREATMENT
Authors: McKernan A , Thomson J M , Poller L 
Published: August 2018

A prospective study has been performed to assess INR values obtained with a variety of thromboplastins during the early days of coumarin treatment. The reagents were BCT/253 (the primary International Reference Preparation), Diagen Activated, Diagen Freeze Dried, Manchester Reagent and Dade Thromboplastin FS. Prothrombin times were performed before the start of treatment and at regular intervals on fifteen patients who were given a slow induction regime. In theory INR should be the same irrespective of the thromboplastin. A wide range of values was however observed with the different thromboplastins on the same plasma samples. The mean deviations of the individual reagents from the mean INR obtained with the primary IRP were: Diagen Freeze-Dried 26%, Diagen Activated 13%, Dade FS 17%, Manchester Reagent 3%.There are two possible explanations for the discrepant findings. 1) In the induction phase Vitamin K dependent clotting factors are depressed at varying rates and thromboplastins differ in their sensitivity to the depression of these factors. The International Sensitivity Indices from which INR are derived are based on results from long-term stabilised patients. 2) The manufacturers' calibrations may be incorrect as demonstrated by the consistent differences of the results with some reagents from the IRP. The findings indicate therefore that INR values may not be dependable in the early days of oral anticoagulation with some thromboplastin reagents and that manufacturers' calibrations require independent assessment preferably by national control laboratories.
APPLICATIONS OF INTERNATIONAL RECOMMENDATIONS ON THE STANDARDIZATION OF PROTHROMBIN TIME IN ORAL ANTICOAGULANT CONTROL
Authors: Dati F , Becker U , Heimburger N 
Published: August 2018

The determination of prothrombin time (PT) in oral anticoagulant control is affected by a broad variation. The responsible factors are: type of thromboplastin incorporated in the PT reagents, procedure for use, clotting factors or heparin inhibitors added to the reagent, method of expression of PT results. Recently, joint recommendations have been issued by International Committees (ICSH/ICTH) taking into account the system of International Thromboplastins and the statistical model for thromboplastin calibration established by WHO. The aim is a standardization of commercial thromboplastins for PT tests in order to allow the use of the international scale of oral anticoagulant intensity (INR: Intern. Normalized Ratio). Following such recommendations we have standardized two new PT tests, based on coagulometric and photometric methods which rely on the same sensitive human placental thromboplastin. The coagulometric PT test (Thromborel®S) is performed with conventional coagulometers. The photometric PT assay (Chromoquick®) uses a new chromogenic substrate specific for thrombin. This method is based on the measurement of the time necessary to reach a fixed increase of absorbance (0.1 A) using a special microprocessor-controlled photometer.The two PT reagents were calibrated either directly against a reference preparation (BCT) or via an intermediate standard thromboplastin in two multicentric studies. The calibration procedure by the WHO method allows to assign the corresponding ISI (Intern. Sensitivity Index) to the PT reagent used and the transformation of the obtained prothrombin ratio (PR) into INR by the equation INR = PRISI. The calculated ISI values were 1.08 for the coagulometric PT reagent (n = 330) and 1.07 for the photometric reagent (n = 365), respectively.The reproducibility of the ISI value for the new human placental thromboplastin for 64 different batches amounts to 3.6 %, the mean ISI value being 1.12.Comparison with the reference thromboplastins in PR values gave a good correlation.A) Coagul. PT assay (x): r = 0.964; y = 1.03x ™ 0.1;B) Photom. PT assay (x): r = 0.940; y = 1.02x ™ 0.1.
ANTICOAGULATION IN PREGNANCY IN PATIENTS WITH CARDIAC VALVE PROSTHESIS
Authors: Meschengieser S S , Woods A I , Lazzari M Z 
Published: August 2018

The use of oral anticoagulation in pregnancy is controversial due to the risk of embryopathy (1° trimester), intracerebral hemorrhages (2° trimester) and the use of heparin is associated with a high morbidity due to abortion and prematurity. The outcome of 50 pregnancies in 30 patients with heart prosthesis was evaluated. Acenocoumarol and aspirin 500 mg/daily were given in all the patients since their surgery. Anticoagulant doses were controlled with prothrombin time (PT) performed with human brain thromboplastin and APTT. The therapeutic range for the PT was the International Calibrated Ratio (ICR) 2.5 to 3.5. In 12 pregnancies, oral anticoagulation was replaced by subcutaneous heparin in the first trimester; the same policy was followed before delivery except in 4 cases. The foetal loss was 34% with equal distribution along the three trimesters and no correlation with excess of anticoagulation. The incidence of hemorrhage was 6% and the rate of cerebral embolism was also 6% (3 on to 50). Two of the three episodes of embolism appeared while patients were on heparin. A total of 33 normal babies were born (66%). No typical warfarin embryopathy was found and no perinatal mortality was observed. A slight reduction in the anticoagulant doses was necessary in almost half of the cases.As the rate of foetal loss with heparin is not better than with oral anticoagulants and the incidence of embolism is higher, we are doubtful about the indication of subcutaneous heparin in the first trimester considering our absence of malformations with the acenocoumarin.