bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Impact of the Presence of Embassies on Trade: Evidence from Turkey
Authors: Bagir Yusuf Kenan 
Published: March 2019

AbstractThis paper analyzes the impact of the presence of foreign missions on trade using Turkey's unique expansion in its foreign embassy network (39 new embassies in 8 years) as the source of variation in a panel data setting. A majority of the existing empirical studies use cross-sectional bilateral trade data due to lack of variation over time (Rose, 2007; Moons and Bergeijk, 2013). Employing a panel data analysis, this paper is able to address the endogeneity issues that are associated with a standard cross-sectional analysis. The dependent variable in the paper is the trade between Turkey and 190 countries for 2006 to 2016. The results indicate that presence of an embassy increases export value by 30% and this increase comes mainly from the volume effect. Categorizing goods by the Rauch (1999) classification shows that the increase in differentiated goods exports is the main driver of the export surge. The number of exporting firms increases by about 8%. There is no statistically significant impact on the exports of homogeneous goods. Replication of the analysis for imports suggests no impact on imports.
Resistance to very-long-chain fatty-acid (VLCFA)-inhibiting herbicides in multiple field-selected rigid ryegrass (Lolium rigidum) populations
Authors: Brunton David J. , Boutsalis Peter , Gill Gurjeet , Preston Christopher 
Published: March 2019

AbstractFive populations of rigid ryegrass (Lolium rigidumGaudin) from fields across cropping regions in southern Australia were suspected of having resistance to thiocarbamates, chloroacetamides, and sulfonylisoxazoline herbicides. Resistant (R) populations 375-14, 198-15, 16.2, EP162, RAC1, and A18 and two susceptible (S) populations (SLR4 and VLR1) were included in a dose–response study. All suspected R populations expressed resistance to one or all herbicides (thiocarbamates, chloroacetamides, and pyroxasulfone). Population 198-15 exhibited the highest LD50to triallate (44.7-fold), prosulfocarb (45.7-fold),S-metolachlor (31.5-fold), and metazachlor (27.2-fold) compared with the S populations. Populations 198-15 and 375-14 were also resistant to pyroxasulfone (13.5- and 14.9-fold) compared with the S populations, as was population EP162. This study documents the first case of field-evolved resistance to thiocarbamate, chloroacetamide, and sulfonylisoxazoline herbicides inL. rigidum.
No association of 25-hydroxyvitamin D and parathormone levels with glucose homeostasis in type 2 diabetes – a study from Shillong, Meghalaya
Authors: Bora Kaustubh , Ruram Alice Abraham 
Published: March 2019

Abstract. Background: Although inadequate vitamin D and altered parathyroid hormone (PTH) are implicated in deranged glucose metabolism and risk of future diabetes, their role in regulating glucose homeostasis in established cases of diabetes is unclear. We aimed to (i) evaluate vitamin D status, and (ii) determine if vitamin D and PTH were associated with parameters of glucose homeostasis in type 2 diabetes (T2D) patients from Meghalaya, India. Methods: We determined 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25-OH-D) and PTH concentrations in 251 T2D patients (not on insulin), and examined their associations with the following parameters of glucose homeostasis: fasting blood sugar (FBS), post-prandial blood sugar (PPBS), glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c), fasting insulin (FI), homeostasis model assessments of insulin resistance (HOMA-IR) and β-cell function (HOMA-β). Results: None of the patients had adequate vitamin D (mean 25-OH-D = 19.3 ng/mL); 47.8% patients were deficient (25-OH-D < 20 ng/mL), while 52.2% were insufficient (25-OH-D < 30 ng/mL) vitamin D. Significant ( P < 0.05) univariate associations were observed between: 25-OH-D and FI ( r = 0.14); 25-OH-D and HOMA-β ( r = 0.13); PTH and FI ( r = −0.18), and PTH and HOMA-β ( r = −0.11). However these associations disappeared after controlling for potential confounders. The 25-OH-D and PTH levels were not associated with any of the tested parameters of glucose homeostasis. Conclusion: There was widespread prevalence of vitamin D deficiency/insufficiency in our sample T2D patients. However, neither vitamin D nor PTH appeared to play a major role in influencing glucose homeostasis in this present selection of T2D cases.
Cluster‐Based Evaluation of Model Compensating Errors: A Case Study of Cloud Radiative Effect in the Southern Ocean
Authors: Schuddeboom Alex , Varma Vidya , McDonald Adrian J. , Morgenstern Olaf , Harvey Mike , Parsons Simon , Field Paul , Furtado Kalli 
Published: March 2019

AbstractModel evaluation is difficult and generally relies on analysis that can mask compensating errors. This paper defines new metrics, using clusters generated from a machine learning algorithm, to estimate mean and compensating errors in different model runs. As a test case, we investigate the Southern Ocean shortwave radiative bias using clusters derived by applying self‐organizing maps to satellite data. In particular, the effects of changing cloud phase parameterizations in the MetOffice Unified Model are examined. Differences in cluster properties show that the regional radiative biases are substantially different than the global bias, with two distinct regions identified within the Southern Ocean, each with a different signed bias. Changing cloud phase parameterizations can reduce errors at higher latitudes but increase errors at lower latitudes of the Southern Ocean. Ranking the parameterizations often shows a contrast in mean and compensating errors, notably in all cases large compensating errors remain.
Quantification of Energetic Electron Precipitation Driven by Plume Whistler Mode Waves, Plasmaspheric Hiss, and Exohiss
Authors: Li W. , Shen X.‐C. , Ma Q. , Capannolo L. , Shi R. , Redmon R. J. , Rodriguez J. V. , Reeves G. D. , Kletzing C. A. , Kurth W. S. , Hospodarsky G. B. 
Published: March 2019

AbstractWhistler mode waves are important for precipitating energetic electrons into Earth's upper atmosphere, while the quantitative effect of each type of whistler mode wave on electron precipitation is not well understood. In this letter, we evaluate energetic electron precipitation driven by three types of whistler mode waves: plume whistler mode waves, plasmaspheric hiss, and exohiss observed outside the plasmapause. By quantitatively analyzing three conjunction events between Van Allen Probes and POES/MetOp satellites, together with quasi‐linear calculation, we found that plume whistler mode waves are most effective in pitch angle scattering loss, particularly for the electrons from tens to hundreds of keV. Our new finding provides the first direct evidence of effective pitch angle scattering driven by plume whistler mode waves and is critical for understanding energetic electron loss process in the inner magnetosphere. We suggest the effect of plume whistler mode waves be accurately incorporated into future radiation belt modeling.
Impacts of Tropical Indian and Atlantic Ocean Warming on the Occurrence of the 2017/2018 La Niña
Authors: Zhang Chao , Luo Jing‐Jia , Li Shuanglin 
Published: March 2019

AbstractThe occurrence of the 2017/2018 La Niña, following a weak‐to‐neutral La Niña in boreal winter 2016/2017, was surprising. Based on observational records and multiple linear regression analysis for the Pacific zonal wind tendency (dU/dt), this study investigates possible reasons why the La Niña condition suddenly happened in late 2017. Similar to previous four double‐peaked La Niña events (1983–1985, 1998–2000, 2007–2009, and 2010–2012), we find that the multiyearly persistent easterly anomaly in the central equatorial Pacific is a key condition to the development of the second La Niña. The occurrence of the 2017/2018 La Niña results from large warm sea surface temperature (SST) anomalies in the tropical Indian and Atlantic Oceans that act to force the persistent easterly anomaly in the Pacific via modifying the Walker Circulations. About 24% of the variance of the Pacific dU/dt can be statistically explained by the tropical Indian Ocean and Atlantic SST anomalies.
Submarine Moraines in Southeast Greenland Fjords Reveal Contrasting Outlet‐Glacier Behavior since the Last Glacial Maximum
Authors: Batchelor C. L. , Dowdeswell J. A. , Rignot E. , Millan R. 
Published: March 2019

AbstractKnowledge of the past behavior of the outlet glaciers of Southeast (SE) Greenland is necessary to understand and model spatial differences in the response of the Greenland Ice Sheet (GIS) to climatic changes. Here we use bathymetric data to map the distribution of more than 50 major moraines in SE Greenland fjords. Inner‐fjord moraines are widespread along the SE Greenland margin, occurring in 65% of the surveyed fjords. We identify, for the first time, nine midfjord moraines that span the approximately 150‐km‐long eastern margin of the Julianehåb Ice Cap. In contrast, midfjord moraines are generally absent from the deeper and wider fjords of the SE GIS. The variable distribution of midfjord moraines along the SE Greenland margin reveals contrasting behavior of the SE GIS and the eastern Julianehåb Ice Cap during the last deglaciation, which probably reflects differences in fjord geometry and exposure to ocean heat.
eSCCIP: A Psychosocial eHealth Intervention for Parents of Children With Cancer
Authors: Canter Kimberly S. , Deatrick Janet A. , Hilgart Michelle M. , Myers Jeffrey , Vega Gabriela , Ritterband Lee M. , Kazak Anne E. 
Published: March 2019

Objective: eHealth interventions may facilitate the dissemination of evidence-based psychosocial interventions to families of children with chronic illnesses, including cancer. This article describes a 4-phase, mixed-methods, user-centered approach to the design and evaluation of a novel psychosocial intervention for parents of children with cancer (Electronic Surviving Cancer Competently Intervention Program [eSCCIP]), adapted from an in-person intervention (Surviving Cancer Competently Intervention Program). Method: Development of eSCCIP involved a multidisciplinary design team of content and eHealth experts. Iterative Think Aloud testing and beta testing with parents of children with cancer was also completed. Results: An intensive, user-centered development and evaluation process was utilized to develop an eHealth intervention for parents of children with cancer. Initial testers rated eSCCIP favorably on questionnaires evaluating user experience and perceptions, and provided positive feedback and suggestions for additional improvement through qualitative interviews. Conclusions: Initial results suggest that eSCCIP may be an acceptable, feasible, and usable intervention for parents of children with cancer. eSCCIP is now ready for a larger pilot evaluation of usability, feasibility, and impact on target outcomes, including the reduction of anxiety and posttraumatic stress syndrome (PTSS) and improvements in family functioning. Implications for Impact Statement eHealth interventions have great promise in delivering needed psychosocial support to parents and caregivers of children with cancer. This article describes the development of eSCCIP, an eHealth adaptation of an in-person intervention. Think Aloud methods and beta testing of eSCCIP indicate that this eHealth intervention may be an acceptable option for delivery of psychosocial care to parents of children with cancer.
Feasibility and Acceptability of an Online Problem-Solving Therapy Intervention for Adolescent and Young Adult Brain Tumor Survivors
Authors: Moscato Emily L. , Miley Aimee E. , LeBlond Elizabeth I. , King Jessica A. , Raj Stacey P. , Narad Megan E. , Platt Amber , Thompson Aimee N. , Baum Katherine T. , Salloum Ralph , Wade Shari L. 
Published: March 2019

Objective: To describe the preliminary feasibility and acceptability of a web-based, problem-solving intervention for adolescent and young adult pediatric brain tumor survivors. Methods: With feedback from survivors and stakeholders, we created “A Survivor’s Journey” by modifying an existing problem-solving intervention for traumatic brain injury. Survivors (ages 13–25) were recruited from a pediatric survivorship clinic and were eligible if they had self or caregiver-reported psychosocial difficulties. A Survivor’s Journey has four core sessions (i.e., introduction, problem-solving, positive thinking, memory) and up to seven supplemental sessions. Each session involved web content and videoconferencing with a doctoral-level therapist. We analyzed postintervention data related to feasibility (i.e., enrollment and completion rates), as well as survivor’s ratings of satisfaction and usability of the intervention. Results: Nineteen survivors ( M age = 17.57), half of eligible participants, agreed to participate, and 95% of those enrolled completed at least the core sessions. Overall, survivors rated the intervention favorably on usability and satisfaction. Survivors who had borderline to impaired IQ or who were treated with cranial radiation reported higher satisfaction, suggesting that the intervention is appealing even for high-risk groups. Conclusions: Online problem-solving therapy could be a promising therapeutic approach for survivors of pediatric brain tumor, given the relatively high satisfaction and usability ratings. However, improving enrollment and examining treatment efficacy should be addressed in future work. Implications for Impact Statement Survivors of pediatric brain tumor may have late effects from their cancer and its treatment including difficulties with learning, anxiety, or depression. Results from our pilot study suggest that a problem-solving intervention delivered online is both feasible and acceptable to adolescent and young adult survivors. Providing psychosocial services online may be a promising avenue for accessible, evidence-based care for this population.
Iterative Development of a Tailored mHealth Intervention for Adolescent and Young Adult Survivors of Childhood Cancer
Authors: Schwartz Lisa A. , Psihogios Alexandra M. , Henry-Moss Dare , Daniel Lauren C. , Ver Hoeve Elizabeth S. , Velazquez-Martin Blanca , Butler Eliana , Hobbie Wendy L. , Buchanan Lunsford Natasha , Sabatino Susan A. , Barakat Lamia P. , Ginsberg Jill P. , Fleisher Linda , Deatrick Janet A. , Jacobs Linda A. , O’Hagan Bridget , Anderson Lindsay , Fredericks Emily , Amaral Sandra , Dowshen Nadia , Houston Keisha , Vachani Carolyn , Hampshire Margaret K. , Metz James M. , Hill-Kayser Christine E. , Szalda Dava 
Published: March 2019

Objective: Methods for developing mobile health (mHealth) interventions are not well described. To guide the development of future mHealth interventions, we describe the application of the agile science framework to iteratively develop an mHealth intervention for adolescent and young adult (AYA) survivors of childhood cancer. Method: We created the AYA STEPS mobile app (AYA Self-management via Texting, Education, and Plans for Survivorship) by modifying and integrating 2 existing programs: an online survivorship care plan (SCP) generator and a text messaging self-management intervention for AYA off treatment. The iterative development process involved 3 stages of agile science: (1) formative work, (2) obtaining feedback about the first AYA STEPS prototype, and (3) pilot testing and finalization of a prototype. We determined preferences of AYA stakeholders as well as discovered and addressed technology problems prior to beginning a subsequent randomized controlled trial. Results: AYA survivors reported that the app and the embedded tailored messages related to their health and SCP were easy to use and generally satisfying and beneficial. Usage data supported that AYA were engaged in the app. Technology glitches were discovered in the pilot and addressed. Conclusion: The iterative development of AYA STEPS was essential for creating a consistent and acceptable end user experience. This study serves as one example of how behavioral scientists may apply agile science to their own mHealth research. Implications for Impact Statement This study describes the development of a new mHealth intervention for a vulnerable population with unmet needs—AYA childhood cancer survivors—in three iterative stages informed by an agile science framework. The methods are generalizable to future mHealth intervention development in pediatric psychology.
Online Cognitive-Behavioral Group Intervention for Adolescents With Chronic Illness: A Pilot Study
Authors: Douma Miriam , Joosten Mala M. H. , Scholten Linde , Maurice-Stam Heleen , Grootenhuis Martha A. 
Published: March 2019

Objective: To assess feasibility and explore preliminary effectiveness of an online cognitive-behavioral group intervention (Op Koers Online) to prevent and/or reduce psychosocial problems by teaching use of active coping skills to adolescents (ages 12 to 18) with chronic illness. Method: Adolescents who signed up for the chat intervention were asked to complete online questionnaires at baseline and postintervention (after 8 weeks). Feasibility was evaluated based on attendance (missed sessions, dropout rate and homework completion), technological issues and with an evaluation questionnaire. Preliminary effectiveness was evaluated with standardized questionnaires: Op Koers Online Questionnaire (disease-related coping skills), Youth Self-Report (emotional and behavioral functioning), Pediatric Quality of Life Inventory (Health-Related Quality of Life [HRQoL]). Mean scale scores postintervention were compared with baseline with paired-samples t tests. Effect sizes were calculated. Results: In total, 33 adolescents participated in the intervention, 29 adolescents completed the questionnaires at baseline. Regarding postintervention questionnaires, 25 adolescents completed the evaluation questionnaires and 23 adolescents completed all questionnaires postintervention. Dropout rate was 6%. In 1 session (2%), there were technological issues that caused the session to stop. Participants’ overall satisfaction was high. Regarding effectiveness, participants improved significantly in the use of total coping skills and the coping skills “information seeking and giving” and “social competence” after the intervention compared with baseline. Participants also reported significantly fewer withdrawn/depressed behavior and scored significantly better on emotional and psychosocial HRQoL after following the intervention. Conclusions: This pilot study indicates that Op Koers Online is feasible and potentially effective. Further research (a randomized controlled trial) is needed to establish the effects of the intervention. Implications for Impact Statement This study evaluates the feasibility and preliminary effectiveness of a new and unique Internet-delivered intervention for adolescents with chronic illness: Op Koers Online. The findings indicate that this intervention is feasible (based on good attendance, limited technological issues and positive overall evaluation of the intervention) and show preliminary effectiveness (based on improvements in disease-related coping skills and psychosocial functioning). In conclusion: Op Koers Online is a promising intervention. Our findings emphasize the growing evidence for Internet-based interventions and their suitability for adolescents. The importance of teaching adolescents how to use active coping skills with cognitive-behavioral therapy techniques is also highlighted.
Stretchable, self-healing, transient macromolecular elastomeric gel for wearable electronics
Authors: Hao Mingming , Li Lianhui , Wang Shuqi , Sun Fuqin , Bai Yuanyuan , Cao Zhiguang , Qu Chunyan , Zhang Ting 
Published: March 2019

AbstractFlexible and stretchable electronics are emerging in mainstream technologies and represent promising directions for future lifestyles. Multifunctional stretchable materials with a self-healing ability to resist mechanical damage are highly desirable but remain challenging to create. Here, we report a stretchable macromolecular elastomeric gel with the unique abilities of not only self-healing but also transient properties at room temperature. By inserting small molecule glycerol into hydroxyethylcellulose (HEC), forming a glycerol/hydroxyethylcellulose (GHEC) macromolecular elastomeric gel, dynamic hydrogen bonds occur between the HEC chain and the guest small glycerol molecules, which endows the GHEC with an excellent stretchability (304%) and a self-healing ability under ambient conditions. Additionally, the GHEC elastomeric gel is completely water-soluble, and its degradation rate can be tuned by adjusting the HEC molecular weight and the ratio of the HEC to glycerol. We demonstrate several flexible and stretchable electronics devices, such as self-healing conductors, transient transistors, and electronic skins for robots based on the GHEC elastomeric gel to illustrate its multiple functions.
A microfluidic platform for continuous monitoring of dopamine homeostasis in dopaminergic cells
Authors: Yu Yue , de Campos Richard P. S. , Hong Seolim , Krastev Dimitar L. , Sadanand Siddharth , Leung Yen , Wheeler Aaron R. 
Published: March 2019

AbstractHomeostasis of dopamine, a classical neurotransmitter, is a key indicator of neuronal health. Dysfunction in the regulation of dopamine is implicated in a long list of neurological disorders, including addiction, depression, and neurodegeneration. The existing methods used to evaluate dopamine homeostasis in vitro are inconvenient and do not allow for continuous non-destructive measurement. In response to this challenge, we introduce an integrated microfluidic system that combines dopaminergic cell culture and differentiation with electroanalytical measurements of extracellular dopamine in real-time at any point during an assay. We used the system to examine the behavior of differentiated SH-SY5Y cells upon exposure to four dopamine transporter ant/agonists (cocaine, ketamine, epigallocatechin gallate, and amphetamine) and study their pharmacokinetics. The IC50 values of cocaine, ketamine, and epigallocatechin gallate were determined to be (average ± standard deviation) 3.7 ± 1.1 µM, 51.4 ± 17.9 µM, and 2.6 ± 0.8 µM, respectively. Furthermore, we used the new system to study amphetamine-mediated dopamine release to probe the related phenomena of dopamine transporter-mediated reverse-transport and dopamine release from vesicles. We propose that this platform, which is the first platform to simultaneously evaluate uptake and release, could be useful to screen for drugs and other agents that target dopaminergic neurons and the function of the dopamine transporter. More broadly, this platform should be adaptable for any application that could benefit from high-temporal resolution electroanalysis combined with multi-day cell culture using small numbers of cells.