bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Marine vibrator using electromagnetic acceleration
Authors: Lin Jun , Chen Guanqiao , Huang Xingguo 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
Optimizing the low-frequency performance of the vibrator is an important direction for the development of marine vibrators. In order to solve the problems of high resonance frequency, small low-frequency displacement and difficulty in generating low-frequency signals of marine vibrators, this study proposed a strategy of high-frequency and low-frequency distributed vibration. In the low-frequency part, electromagnetic acceleration is innovatively combined with the vibrator, and the Ansys Maxwell finite element simulation software is used for analysis. In the high-frequency part, the traditional moving coil vibrator structure is used, and experimental verification is carried out in the anechoic tank. The simulation results show that the low-frequency part of the marine vibrator using electromagnetic acceleration can achieve low-frequency vibration, and the vibration is still relatively stable. The experimental results of the anechoic tank show that within the test frequency band, the sound source level generated meets the requirements of seismic exploration for high-frequency vibrators. This study uses the frequency segmentation strategy to improve the overall working efficiency of the vibrator and provides new ideas for the design of marine vibrators.
A new metrology tool: using transmission Kikuchi diffraction (TKD) to identify and separate nanoparticles for regulatory purposes
Authors: Crouzier Loïc , Feltin Nicolas , Jablon Brooke 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
The development of methods for characterising nanoparticles (NPs) at the nanometric scale is a major challenge facing metrology researchers today. The characterisation of the crystal structure of NPs for regulatory purposes is urgent as mixtures of NPs are frequently found in consumer products and this physicochemical parameter contributes to the understanding of potential health and environmental risks. Using the methods currently available, NPs cannot be individually identified and their size distribution cannot be correlated to crystallographic phases. Instead, a general identification of crystallographic phases is possible. New methods must be developed that identify individual particles on the nanoscale. This paper introduces transmission Kikuchi diffraction, an electron backscattered diffraction (EBSD) technique as a method for comprehensively characterizing a mixture of iron oxide NPs by crystal structure. After identifying the crystal structure of three different iron oxide powders using x-ray Diffraction, the samples were characterised by TKD. The results underline the relevance of TKD, which has sufficient spatial resolution to determine the crystal structure of individual NPs. This study also demonstrates the possibility of electron backscattered diffraction analysis on unpolished samples, something atypical for EBSD and TKD. The powders were then mixed and the individual NPs were correctly identified in a scanning electron microscope (SEM) using TKD. The results show that TKD can be used to correctly identify and classify NPs within a mixture and can be combined with SEM imaging to build size distribution histograms according to the NP crystal structure.
MoS2 photonic synaptic device development for non-invasive detection of Parkinson’s disease
Authors: Divyashree P , B Sharmila , Dwivedi Priyanka 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
The brain-inspired computation using synaptic devices has opened a new avenue for neuromorphic intelligent systems. This paper presents the development of a MoS2 based photonic synaptic devices using wafer-scalable microfabrication for large scale production. The synaptic device was tested using a 450 nm wavelength having a power density of 17 mW cm−2. The test results show that developed devices has enhanced characteristics such as paired pulse facilitation (PPF) index of 307% and long-term retention of 1000 s. The optically stimulated synaptic current was ∼2.5 times higher than the electrically stimulated synaptic current. The potentiation and depression data of the MoS2 device act as the synaptic interface in the artificial intelligence model. The detection of Parkinson’s disease (PD) using voice spectrograms where MoS2 behaves as photonic synapses in two dimensional convolutional neural networks algorithm provided a promising accuracy of 96%. This neuromorphic computing platform for the detection of PD is a next-generation revolution for efficient and smart healthcare solutions.
State estimation of magnetorheological suspension of all-terrain vehicle based on a novel adaptive Sage–Husa Kalman filtering
Authors: Li Wei , Chen Ling , Fu Jie , Luo Lei , Yu Miao 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
For the magnetorheological suspension control system of all-terrain vehicles (ATVs), state estimation is an effective method to obtain system feedback signals that cannot be directly measured by sensors. However, when confronted with modeling errors and sudden changes in sensor noise during complex road driving, conventional estimation methods with fixed parameters encounter challenges in accurately estimating the states of ATV suspension system. To address this issue, this paper introduces a novel adaptive Sage–Husa Kalman filter (ASHKF) algorithm to estimate the sprung and unsprung velocity of ATV suspension system. The algorithm uses exponential weighting function and gradient detection function to adaptively adjust the attenuation coefficient according to the driving conditions of the ATV, thereby realizing real-time correction of the covariance matrix of the prediction error. Ultimately, through simulation and real-vehicle testing, it is demonstrated that the designed ASHKF is able to effectively improve the state estimation accuracy of the speed signal of the suspension system under off-road driving conditions with low-frequency noise and outlying disturbances, and the accuracy is improved by 62.70% compared with that of the conventional Sage–Husa Kalman filter (SHKF).
Creating bandgaps in active piezoelectric slender beams through positive position feedback control
Authors: Kaczmarek Marcin B , HosseinNia S Hassan 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
Bandgaps—frequency ranges with reduced vibration transmissibility in elastic structures, are an opportunity for vibration control originating from the research on elastic metamaterials. In this paper, we study the design for bandgap in slender beams with collocated piezoelectric patch transducers. While creating bandgaps using shunted transducers is a well-established research field, using structures with piezoelectric sensors, actuators, and feedback controllers for the same application has not been thoroughly explored. This paper aims to study the use of the tools originating from the active vibration control (AVC) field for bandgap generation in finite beams with collocated piezoelectric sensors and actuators. Lightly damped second-order low-pass filters are used as controllers in the same configuration as positive position feedback, widely used for active damping. To facilitate the understanding of systems behaviour, we propose a simplified model based on the Euler–Bernoulli beam theory. A modal analysis approach and an assumption of an infinite number of transducers of infinitesimal length distributed along the structure are used to predict the frequency range of the locally resonant bandgap in closed form. The experimental part of the work demonstrates the feasibility of the proposed approach for creating bandgaps in practice. Thanks to the insights from AVC, the control system can be designed purely based on experimental frequency response data without the need for a parametric model of the system. We also show that the uniform distribution of actuators is not necessary for creating bandgap, which can be achieved in a structure with a relatively small number of sparsely placed actuators and compare the obtained results with analytical predictions for ideal metastructure. Low-frequency bandgaps placed between 10 and 320 Hz are obtained in experiments.
Inductance and penetration depth measurements of polycrystalline NbN films for all-NbN single flux quantum circuits
Authors: Zhong Yulong , Zhang Lu , Xie Junjie , Zheng Zengxu , Lu Mingjun , Jin Hua , Wu Ling , Shi Weifeng , Wang Huiwu , Peng Wei , Chen Lei , Wang Zhen 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
In this paper, we report on a systematic study of the inductance and magnetic field penetration depth (λ) of polycrystalline NbN superconducting thin films. By employing a four-metal-layer fabrication process specifically designed for all-NbN single-flux-quantum circuits, we constructed a superconducting quantum interference device loop composed of two parallel NbN SNS junctions, NbN microstrips, and NbN ground planes for precise inductance measurement. At 4.2 K, as the linewidth increases from 1 μm to 30 μm, the inductance per unit length (L
u) of NbN microstrips significantly decreases, for example, the L
u of 250 nm thick NbN microstrips drops from 0.907 pH/μm to 0.047 pH/μm. Compared to Nb, the L
u of polycrystalline NbN microstrips is approximately two to three times that of Nb, offering an advantage for manufacturing smaller superconducting inductors. Furthermore, we conducted simulation analysis using InductEx software to extract the λ of NbN films of varying thicknesses. The results indicate that as the film thickness increased from 45 nm to 600 nm, λ initially decreased sharply and then stabilized, with values ranging from 430 nm to 323 nm. Notably, once the film thickness exceeded 200 nm, λ remained essentially constant, even at a temperature of 10 K, where it showed good stability, albeit with a slight increase (about 50 nm) compared to 4.2 K. This dependence of λ on thickness is reasonably explained by considering the effects of NbN film thickness on the superconducting critical temperature and residual resistivity. These research findings not only deepen our understanding of the characteristics of superconducting films but also lay a solid foundation for the future design and manufacture of more compact superconducting circuits at the higher temperature of 10 K.
Electronic circuit and image encryption using a novel simple 4D hyperchaotic system
Authors: Abed Karam Adel , Al-Azzawi Saad Fawzi , Saber Qasim Omar 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
A new simple 4D autonomous hyperchaotic system with seven terms is introduced. This system was inspired by an unusual 3D chaotic Liu system with six terms. The proposed system has two unstable saddle and saddle-foci points. Theoretical and numerical analyses are conducted to investigate various dynamical features of the system, including its equilibria, Jacobian matrix, Lyapunov exponents, Lyapunov dimension (Kaplan-Yorke), and multistability. The proposed system demonstrates multistability, enhancing its potential for various applications. An electronic circuit implementation using NI Multisim software 14.3 validates the system’s practical feasibility. A novel image encryption algorithm has been developed based on the system’s hyperchaotic properties. Experimental results confirm the algorithm’s robustness in both encryption accuracy and computational efficiency compared to existing methods. As well as, correlation analysis of adjacent pixels in encrypted images yields near-zero or negative values, indicating adequate randomization. The NIST SP800–22 statistical tests confirm the randomness of generated sequences with p-values consistently above 0.01. Information entropy analysis of encrypted images approaches the ideal value. These results demonstrate the proposed system’s effectiveness in secure image encryption, offering a promising solution for multimedia security applications.
Multi-strategy based quantum cost reduction of quantum boolean circuits
Authors: Ahmed Taghreed , Younes Ahmed , Elkabani Islam 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
The construction of quantum computers is based on the synthesis of low-cost quantum circuits. The quantum circuit of any Boolean function expressed in a Positive Polarity Reed-Muller (PPRM) expansion can be synthesized using Multiple-Control Toffoli (MCT) gates. This paper proposes two algorithms to construct a quantum circuit for any Boolean function expressed in a PPRM expansion. The Boolean function can be expressed with various algebraic forms, so there are different quantum circuits can be synthesized for the Boolean function based on its algebraic form. The proposed algorithms aim to map the MCT gates into the NCV gates for any quantum circuit by generating a simple algebraic form for the Boolean function. The first algorithm generates a special algebraic form for any Boolean function by rearrangement of terms of the Boolean function according to a predefined degree of term d

term
, then synthesizes the corresponding quantum circuit. The second algorithm applies the decomposition methods to decompose MCT circuit into its elementary gates followed by applying a set of simplification rules to simplify and optimize the synthesized quantum circuit. The proposed algorithms achieve a reduction in the quantum cost of synthesized quantum circuits when compared with relevant work in the literature. The proposed algorithms synthesize quantum circuits that can applied on IBM quantum computer.
Fixing three dimensional geometries from entanglement entropies of CFT2
*
Authors: Wang 王 Peng 鹏 , Wu 伍 Houwen 厚文 , Yang 杨 Haitang 海棠 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
In this paper, we propose a method of fixing the leading behaviors of three dimensional geometries from the dual CFT2 entanglement entropies. We employ only the holographic principle and do not use any assumption about the AdS/CFT correspondence and bulk geometry. Our strategy involves using both UV and IR-like CFT2 entanglement entropies to fix the bulk geodesics. With a simple trick, the metric can be extracted from the geodesics. As examples, we fix the leading behaviors of the pure AdS3 metric from the entanglement entropies of free CFT2 and, more importantly, the BTZ black hole from the entanglement entropies of finite temperature CFT2. Consequently, CFT2 with finite size or topological defects can be determined through simple transformations. Following the same steps, in principle, the leading behaviors of all three dimensional (topologically distinct) holographic classical geometries from the dual CFT2 entanglement entropies can be fixed.
Modification of the Sommerfeld effect due to coannihilator decays*
Authors: Luo 罗 Feng 峰 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
In dark matter coannihilation scenarios, the Sommerfeld effect of coannihilators is usually important in the calculations of dark matter thermal relic abundance. Due to decays of coannihilators, two annihilating coannihilators can only approach each other from a finite initial separation. While conventional derivations of Sommerfeld factors essentially assume an infinite initial separation, Sommerfeld factors for a pair of annihilating coannihilators may be different. We find that the Sommerfeld factor for a pair of coannihilators is less prominent than that obtained without considering decays. Modification of the Sommerfeld factor may result in a change of the dark matter thermal relic abundance well beyond the percent level.
An overview of the STEP divertor design and the simple models driving the plasma exhaust scenario
Authors: Henderson S.S. , Osawa R.T. , Newton S.L. , Moulton D. , Xiang L. , Futtersack R. , Kryjak M. , Ridgers C. , Karhunen J. , Jarvinen A. , Hudoba A. , Bakes S. , Eriksson F. , Meyer H. , Lord M. , Tarazona A. , Cureton A. , Barth A. , Chuilon B. , Hebrard T. , Wang S. , Vizvary Z. , Vaccaro D. , Perez Smith F. , Farrington J. , Harrison J. , Dudson B. , Lipschultz B. 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
This paper presents a comprehensive overview of the preliminary divertor design and plasma exhaust scenario for the reactor-class Spherical Tokamak for Energy Production project. Due to the smaller size of the machine, with a major radius less than half that of most DEMO concepts, the current design features a double-null divertor geometry, comprising tightly baffled extended outer legs and shorter inner legs approaching an X-divertor. Leveraging a significant database of SOLPS-ITER simulations, the exhaust operational space is mapped out, offering valuable insights into the plasma exhaust dynamics. An approach involving the validation of simple, yet robust models capable of accurately predicting key exhaust parameters is detailed, thereby streamlining the design process. The simple models are used to simulate the entire plasma scenario from the plasma current ramp-up, through the burning phase, to the plasma current ramp-down. Notably, the findings suggest that pronounced detachment, with peak heat loads below engineering limits and electron temperatures below 5 eV, is achievable with a divertor neutral pressure between 10 Pa and 15 Pa during the burning phase, and pressures below 5 Pa during the ramp-up to maximise the auxiliary current-drive efficiency. Throughout the scenario, an Ar concentration of

≈

3

% in the scrape-off layer (SOL) is required, in combination with a core radiation fraction of 70% driven by intrinsic emission and extrinsic injection of Xe seeded fuelling pellets. However, significant uncertainties remain regarding key parameters such as the SOL heat flux width, Ar screening, and plasma kinetic effects.
Sentinel-2A imaging in mapping greenhouse rose production and rainwater harvesting for agricultural irrigation use
Authors: Cachipuendo Charles , Sandoval Catalina , Sandoval Jorge 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
Agricultural production within controlled environments, such as rose cultivation, has traditionally followed the principles of a linear economy focused on maximizing crop yields through increased evapotranspiration. This approach significantly elevates water consumption throughout the year, leading to water scarcity and pollution in various regions. In this context, this study aims to assess the expansion of areas designated for production and the volume of rainwater captured by the roofs of floral greenhouses. The study was conducted in the Pisque River basin in Ecuador from 2016 to 2023. Using remote sensing techniques, the increase in greenhouse areas was quantified, water capture was measured in two types of greenhouses through rainfall simulations, and water requirements were calculated using the Penman-Monteith method. Results indicate a 70% increase in flower production, particularly in the upper and middle basin communities, with a notable rise following the COVID-19 pandemic. A total of 5,473.54 hectares of greenhouses were identified, which can capture rainwater with 93% efficiency, thereby meeting 35% of the annual water needs for crop irrigation. The study concludes that capturing, storing, and utilizing rainwater in rose production is viable and facilitates the transition from a linear to a circular economy.
Dynamic simulation of roll bond PVT solar collector under Simulink/Matlab
Authors: Brahim Taoufik , Abdelati Riadh , Jemni Abdelmajid 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
This paper presents an innovative methodology to investigate dynamic roll bond PVT solar systems under real-world operational weather conditions using the Simulink/Matlab environment. The method is based on the MPPT electrical model of the solar cell and the differential energy equations of PVT at each of its layers. The effect of PV operating temperature, mass flow rate, and insulation medium on overall PVT thermal performance are all thoroughly examined. Results reveal that the annual average power delivered, in terms of both heat and electricity, is 352.8 W and 34.08 W, respectively. Furthermore, the addition of an insulating layer could lead to a significant improvement in PVT overall effectiveness. The present work offers a simple and flexible integration tool for roll bond PVT system simulation.
Mechanical and dynamic response of epoxy based pineapple/flax fiber composites reinforced with steel and nylon wire meshes
Authors: Rajamurugan G , Raja Promoth , Ramakrishnan  , Krishna Pavan , Raj Jesulin , Elayaraja R 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
This research investigates the mechanical and vibrational behaviour of a new class of hybrid composites. These composites utilize pineapple, flax fibers, nylon mesh, stainless steel wire mesh, and an epoxy resin matrix. For this experiment, three distinct composite samples of Pineapple/nylon mesh/Pineapple/wire mesh/pineapple (S1), Pineapple/nylon mesh/Flax/wire mesh/pineapple (S2), and Flax/nylon mesh/flax/wire mesh/flax (S3) were fabricated using a hand layup process. Mechanical properties, including hardness, impact resistance, flexural strength, and tensile strength, are evaluated according to established ASTM protocols. Additionally, free vibration studies are conducted under both clamp-clamp and clamp-free conditions. This study is expected to divulge a significant influence of fiber arrangement and composition on the mechanical properties of the composites. The S3 composites exhibited a 13.88% increase in tensile strength when compared to the other two composites (i.e., S1 and S2). This enhancement is attributed to the inclusion of flax fiber at both ends and at the center of the composite. Flax fibers not only possess desirable inherent qualities but also demonstrates strong adhesion to the nylon and stainless-steel wire mesh and S3 composites achieved the highest flexural strength due to its inherent flexibility and excellent bonding properties of the flax layers. Furthermore, the effective bonding between the center flax layer and the surrounding mesh in S2 composites contributed to its maximum impact resistance and hardness. Composite S3 unveiled higher rigidity in both unconstrained (241.3 Hz) and constrained (220.6 Hz) states. The Mode III vibration characteristics were found to be extremely sensitive in evaluating the stiffness properties of the composites.
Self-reconfigurable multifunctional memristive nociceptor for intelligent robotics
Authors: Wang Shengbo , Fang Mingchao , Song Lekai , Li Cong , Zhang Jian , Nathan Arokia , Hu Guohua , Gao Shuo 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
Artificial nociceptors, mimicking human-like stimuli perception, are of significance for intelligent robotics to work in hazardous and dynamic scenarios. One of the most essential characteristics of the human nociceptor is its self-adjustable attribute, which indicates that the threshold of determination of a potentially hazardous stimulus relies on environmental knowledge. This critical attribute has been currently omitted, but it is highly desired for artificial nociceptors. Inspired by these shortcomings, this article presents, for the first time, a self-directed channel memristor-based self-reconfigurable nociceptor, capable of perceiving hazardous pressure stimuli under different temperatures and demonstrates key features of tactile nociceptors, including ‘threshold,’ ‘no-adaptation,’ and ‘sensitization.’ The maximum amplification of hazardous external stimuli is 1000%, and its response characteristics dynamically adapt to current temperature conditions by automatically altering the generated modulation schemes for the memristor. The maximum difference ratio of the response of memristors at different temperatures is 500%, and this adaptability closely mimics the functions of biological tactile nociceptors, resulting in accurate danger perception in various conditions. Beyond temperature adaptation, this memristor-based nociceptor has the potential to integrate different sensory modalities by applying various sensors, thereby achieving human-like perception capabilities in real-world environments.