bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
PENERAPAN MODEL CREATIVE PROBLEM SOLVING (CPS) SEBAGAI UPAYA PENINGKATAN NILAI PENGETAHUAN DAN KETERAMPILAN SISWA KELAS II SD NEGERI 20 CAKRANEGARA PADA TEMA 5 PENGALAMANKU
Authors: Sriani Ida Ayu Nyoman 
Published: March 2019

Proses pembelajaran salah satunya harus melibatkan kemampuan siswa dalam pemecahan masalah secara kreatif dengan aktivitas belajar siswa tinggi, maka akan menghasilkan hasil belajar siswa lebih baik. Model pembelajaran Creative Problem Solving (CPS) diasumsikan dapat meningkatkan aktivitas kelas II semester II tahun pelajaran 2017/2018 SDN 20 Cakranegara khususnya pada tema 5 Pengalamanku. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui peningkatan hasil belajar siswa. Penelitian Tindakan Kelas terdiri dari dua siklus, setiap siklus mempunyai tahap yaitu perencanaan, pelaksanaan, observasi dan refleksi. Hasil analisis data menunjukkan bahwa nilai rata-rata hasil belajar siswa pada siklus I dan II mengalami kenaikan. Hal ini dapat dilihat lebih jelas dari tabel nilai rata-rata hasil belajar siswa dari siklus I dan siklus II. Persentase kenaikan nilai rata-rata hasil belajar siswa dari data awal ke siklus I 13.77.dan dari siklus I ke siklus II yaitu sebesar 9.03%. Sedangkan untuk nilai ketuntasan belajar siswa mengalami kenaikan dari 74.40% pada siklus I menjadi 95.74% pada siklus II. Peningkatan Persentase ketuntasan belajar siswa dari siklus I ke siklus II yaitu sebesar 21.34%.Hasil analisis data menunjukkan bahwa nilai rata-rata kinerja siswa pada siklus I dan II mengalami kenaikan. Hal ini dapat dilihat lebih jelas dari tabel rata-rata nilai kinerja siswa dari siklus I dan siklus II. Persentase kenaikan rata-rata nilai kinerja siswa dari siklus I.ke siklus II yaitu sebesar 7.83%. Jadi, berdasarkan analisis data tersebut dapat diketahui bahwa dengan penerapan pembelajaran model CPS dapat meningkatkan rata-rata nilai kinerja siswa kelas II SDN 20 Cakranegara Semester II Tahun Pelajaran 2017/2018. Sedangkan untuk nilai ketuntasan belajar siswa mengalami kenaikan dari 80.22% pada siklus I menjadi 95.68% pada siklus II. Peningkatan Persentase ketuntasan belajar siswa (kinerja) dari siklus I ke siklus II yaitu sebesar 15.46%.
PENGGUNAAN MODEL PEMBELAJARAN CONTEXTUAL TEACHING AND LEARNING (CTL) UNTUK MENINGKATKAN PRESTASI BELAJAR MATA PELAJARAN IPA SISWA KELAS VI DI SDN 6 MATARAM
Authors: Aminah Siti 
Published: March 2019

Permasalahan proses pembelajaran yang terjadi di SDN 6 Mataram adalah rendahnya prestasi belajar yang disebabkan oleh pengggunaan metode dan model pembelajaran yang tidak tepat dengan jenis materi pelajaran. Dari fakta tersebut dirumuskan masalah sebagai berikut apakah penggunaan model pembelajaran Contextual Teaching and Learning (CTL) pada mata pelajaran IPA dapat meningkatkan prestasi belajar siswa kelas VI SDN 6 Mataram? Tujuan penelitian ini untuk mengetahui penggunaan model pembelajaran Contextual teaching and learning (CTL) yang optimal untuk meningkatkan prestasi belajar mata pelajaran IPA. Penelitian ini adalah penelitian tindakan kelas yang dilaksanakan dalam 2 siklus. Setiap siklus terdiri atas 2 kali pertemuan. Setiap siklus terdapat 4 tahap kegiatan yaitu tahap perencanaan, pelaksanaan tindakan, observasi dan refleksi. Subjek penelitian ini adalah peserta didik kelas VI yang berjumlah 39 orang. Data aktivitas guru dan peserta didik diperoleh melalui lembar observasi. Sedang data prestasi belajar diperoleh melalui tes pilihan ganda dan essay yang dilaksanakan setiap akhir siklus. Data aktivitas guru dan peserta didik dianalisis secara deskriftip kuantitatif. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan terjadi peningkatan prestasi belajar peserta didik, dapat dilihat dari perolehan nilai rerata dalam setiap siklus yaitu pada siklus I nilai rerata 75 dengan ketuntasan belajar 54%, peserta didik yang tuntas belajar berjumlah 21 orang dari 39 jumlah peserta didik, siklus II nilai rerata 87 dengan ketuntasan belajar 92%, peserta didik yang tuntas belajar sebanyak 36 orang dari 39 jumlah peserta didik. Simpulan dari penelitian ini adalah bahwa penggunaan model pembelajaran Contextual teaching and learning (CTL) dapat meningkatkan prestasi belajar mata pelajaran IPA siswa kelas VI di SDN 6 Mataram.
AMİN MAALOUF’UN DOĞU’DAN UZAKTA ROMANINDA GÖÇ İMGELERİ: GİTMEK VE DÖNMEK İKİLEMİ
Authors: SARIALİOĞLU Özge 
Published: March 2019

Her
metnin kendi içinde bir dinamiği vardır ve karakterler metin içinde koşuşturur.
Bu aynı zamanda metnin ritmini belirleyen bir şeydir. Doğu’dan Uzakta romanında bu ritim başkarakter Adam üzerinden
sağlanmıştır. Adam, olay örgüsünün hem yaşayanı hem de ikinci anlatıcısı
konumundadır. Romanda gitme/gelme, unutma/hatırlatma arasında gidip gelen göç
deneyimi başkarakter Adam’ın tuttuğu iç hesaplaşmaların yoğun bir biçimde
yaşandığı günlük aracılığıyla okuyucuya aktarılmıştır. Böylece gitme, kalma ve
dönme arasında gidip gelen göç anlatısının kaydı tutulmuştur. Bu makalede de başkarakter
Adam’ın günlüğünden yola çıkarak Âmin Maalof’un Doğu’dan Uzakta adlı romanında göç deneyimi tartışmaya alınmıştır. Makalede göçle birlikte gelen imgeler ve eylemlilikler
bütününe; insanın kendine dönüşüne, kaygılarına, kayıplarına, kazanımlarına, mekânlar
arasındaki yolculuğuna odaklanılmıştır. Tanıklık, kaygı, yitim ve ölüm
kavramlarından hareketle göç ve mekân arasındaki ilişki incelenmiştir. Baş
mekân olarak ‘ev’ tartışmada merkezi bir konuma yerleştirilmiş, buna bağlı olarak ‘ev’den kopuş/ ‘ev’e dönüş
imgeleri mekânın kaybı ve yeniden üretimi aracılığıyla tartışılmıştır.
Mediación en el COIP y la aplicación del principio de oportunidad y mínima intervención.
Authors: Alarcón Delgado Verónica Alexandra 
Published: March 2019

La mediación penal es un mecanismo alternativo, en la cual las partes mediante tercero neutral trata de permitir el intercambio de opiniones entre víctima y la persona procesada para que a través del dialogo le pongan fin al conflicto logrando el restablecimiento de las relaciones entre las partes y fundamentalmente resarciendo el daño causado. Se plantea que la mediación en los principios de oportunidad y mínima intervención en la ley penal aplican en conductas que no constituyen grave afectación al interés público, por lo que se propone es la incorporación de disposiciones en el Código Orgánico Integral Penal tendientes a que sean justamente los partícipes de un proceso penal, a través de este mecanismo logren el establecimiento de la cultura de paz.
Además que se pretende demostrar con las reformas introducidas en la legislación penal ecuatoriana, la aplicación de los principios de oportunidad y mínima intervención en los delitos que son susceptibles de mediación penal, ya que por su insignificante valor económico, o por su escasa o ninguna afectación a bienes jurídicos penales, resultan gastos innecesarios para la administración de justicia.
Una forma de llevarse a cabo esta nueva filosofía de Justicia en nuestro país es a través la Mediación, y en general se puede decir que es un procedimiento en el cual, las partes, ayudadas por un tercero (mediador) que no tiene facultades de decisión, intentan resolver un conflicto, por ello es necesario que se incorpore en el COIP este procedimiento que permitirá darle mayor aplicabilidad a los principios de oportunidad y mínima intervención.
El trabajo a desarrollarse en esta investigación es eminentemente jurídico y la metodología utilizada es la documental a través de textos legales en vista de que se utilizan como fuentes las normas, doctrina y principios jurídicos.
El bien común y el buen vivir frente a la globalización económica
Authors: Tacuri Peña Lorena del  Cisne , Jaramillo Luzuriaga Silvia Alexandra , Vivanco Ochoa Johanna Vanessa 
Published: March 2019

El Art. 83 de la Constitución de la República establece como un deber de los ecuatorianos promover el “bien común” y el “buen vivir”. El bien común nos conduce a la reflexión metafísica del conocimiento filosófico; en tanto que el buen vivir, a la puesta en práctica de una tesis política, económica, cultural y social de los saberes del intelecto humano. Desde esta perspectiva nos preguntamos? Cuál es la influencia de la globalización económica en el ámbito del “bien común “ y “buen vivir”?.

Se parte del criterio que el “bien común” es lo genérico y el “buen vivir” es lo específico. Se deduce que el “bien común” tiene como propósito el “buen vivir”, y a la inversa, se induce que el “buen vivir” tiene como objetivo “el bien común”. Ambas categorías jurídicas representan la búsqueda del bienestar material y espiritual del ser social. El “bien común” es el fin del Estado; y que el trayecto del “buen vivir es la aplicación del régimen jurídico del buen vivir establecido en el Art. 341 y 342 de la Constitución de la República y que el camino pedregoso para llegar a ello es la aplicación de la justicia, la igualdad, la libertad, la equidad y solidaridad humana.

Del análisis realizado se parte de la concepción de que actual proceso de globalización económica se encuentran implicados la mayor parte de los países del mundo, hecho que no se producía a principios del siglo XX, cuya construcción de los mercados globales corresponde a los intereses de las empresas multinacionales que han minado la soberanía de los países subdesarrollados en cuanto a decisiones económicas, políticas y sociales; en la que podemos afirmar que se ha configurado una economía mundial cualitativamente distinta de la que existía hace unas décadas; que ha modificado una cultura propia de cada región; ha desplazado la mano de obra y la transparencia de conocimientos tecnológicos a través de las fronteras internacionales y sus efectos culturales, políticos y medioambientales; y se ha impuesto el sistema neoliberal, el capital y la tecnología en detrimento de la mayoría de la población nacional y mundial.
Liderazgo en las empresas y su importancia
Authors: Jaramillo  Luzuriaga Silvia Alexandra 
Published: March 2019

RESUMEN
El presente artículo trata sobre el liderazgo en las empresas y su importancia en la contribución del sector empresarial a su desarrollo organizacional, puesto que un líder es aquel capaz de lograr un trabajo en equipo y lograr los objetivos de una manera adecuada y constructiva, es de vital importancia que un líder sepa dirigir y orientar ya que de este depende mucho el éxito de cualquier empresa.
Del liderazgo se ha hablado mucho, debido a su importancia en las empresas, siempre ha sido debatido entre grandes negocios, sin embargo, no importando si el líder en la empresa nace o se hace, es indudable que gente líder es valorada en su empresa por ser impulsor y generador de valor agregado en ella.
En la actualidad, las empresas demandan liderazgo, es decir un líder que guíe y que logre la participación de todo el personal, que el grupo se sienta apreciado en sus conocimientos y se sientan tomados en cuenta. El líder, debe ser amigo, consejero y buen guía de sus subordinados.
Para las empresas, el liderazgo es fundamental para su supervivencia, puede que las mismas tengan buenas metas, buenos propósitos, pero si no tiene la conducción de un buen líder, esto de nada sirve. Algunos especialistas ven al liderazgo como una actividad amplia y visionaria que trata de discernir la competencia y valores característicos de una empresa.
Por ello que el liderazgo, dentro de cualquier empresa, es de suma importancia, si no hay un buen líder, o un buen liderazgo, las metas del equipo pueden no cumplirse.
Palabras claves: Liderazgo, líder, empresas, sector empresarial, propósitos, metas.
Leukemic B Cell CTLA-4 Suppresses Costimulation of T Cells
Authors: Do Priscilla , Beckwith Kyle A. , Cheney Carolyn , Tran Minh , Beaver Larry , Griffin Brittany G. , Mo Xiaokui , Liu Yang , Lapalombella Rosa , Hertlein Erin , Muthusamy Natarajan , Byrd John C. 
Published: March 2019

Abstract
The clinical benefit of CTLA-4 blockade on T cells is known, yet the impact of its expression on cancer cells remains unaddressed. We define an immunosuppressive role for tumor-expressed CTLA-4 using chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL) as a disease model. CLL cells, among other cancer cells, are CTLA-4+. Coculture with activated human T cells induced surface CTLA-4 on primary human CLL B cells. CTLA-4 on CLL-derived human cell lines decreased CD80 expression on cocultured CD80+ cells, with restoration upon CTLA-4 blockade. Coculture of CTLA-4+ CLL cells with CD80-GFP+ cell lines revealed transfer of CD80-GFP into CLL tumor cells, similar to CTLA-4+ T cells able to trans-endocytose CD80. Coculture of T cells with CTLA-4+ CLL cells decreased IL-2 production. Using a human CTLA-4 knock-in mouse lacking FcγR function, antitumor efficacy was observed by blocking murine CTLA-4 on tumor cells in isolation of the T cell effect and Fc-mediated depletion. These data implicate tumor CTLA-4 in cancer cell–mediated immunosuppression in vitro and as having a functional role in tumor cells in vivo.
Do wine tourists care about the labourer?
Authors: Saayman Andrea , Saayman Melville 
Published: March 2019

Background: Consumers worldwide have recently become more aware that their consumption preferences and habits influence not only the environment, but also other people’s lives. These ‘ethical’ consumers are therefore said to consider the moral features of the product or service in their consumption decision. The most prominent ethical consumption label is the Fair Trade label, which was established to enhance the living and working conditions of those working on small-scale farm cooperatives in developing countries.Aim: This paper aims to determine wine tourists’ willingness to pay (WTP) for improved working and living conditions for wine farm workers.Setting: The research was conducted at the largest wine festival in South Africa, the Wacky Wine Festival in Robertson in the Western Cape, an area renowned for its wine and fruit products.Method: The concept of a socially acceptable logo on the wine bottle – signalling fair wages to the farm workers – was assessed by using a double-bounded contingent valuation approach. Wine tourists completed 397 questionnaires during the festival in June 2017.Results: The results indicate that 80% of wine tourists are willing to pay more for socially responsible wines. The responsible wine consumer is typically younger and a premium of R11 per bottle of wine would be accepted if it signals fair treatment of workers.Conclusion: The socially responsible wine tourist in South Africa is more concerned about quality and the moral implications of the wine than the price. There is support for the implementation of a socially responsible label for wine products.
Prior aspirin and/or nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug use in sepsis patients is associated with reduced intensive care unit morbidity and mortality: retrospective study
Authors: Sahin Ayca Sultan , Derbent Abdurrahim , Salihoglu Ziya 
Published: March 2019

IntroductionSepsis is a life-threatening condition that is characterized by multi-organ dysfunction and a high mortality rate, and prevention may be cheaper and easier than treatment. The sequential organ failure assessment (SOFA) score is associated with mortality risk, and the Quick SOFA (qSOFA) is a shortened version. In this study, we examined whether there was any difference between the qSOFA and SOFA scores, procalcitonin and CRP levels, and mortality among patients with sepsis who either used or did not use aspirin and/or nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug (NSAID).Material and methodsThis study was designed as a retrospective analysis of 64 septic patients, 38 males and 26 females. SOFA, qSOFA and APACHE II scores, as well as gender, age, length of hospital stay, procalcitonin and CRP levels, blood culture results, mortality rates and the use of aspirin and/or NSAID were recorded from the files.ResultsThe median age of aspirin and/or NSAID users was 63 years and of non-users was 55. There were significant differences in the SOFA scores and mortality rates between aspirin and/or NSAID users and non-NSAID/aspirin users (p < 0.05). There were no significant differences in the length of hospital stay or blood culture results (p > 0.05). There were also significant differences in CRP and procalcitonin values (p < 0.05).ConclusionsIn this study, patients that used aspirin and/or NSAID had lower SOFA, qSOFA and APACHE II scores and lower mortality rates. There have been recent studies on the prevention of sepsis in patients having already used these drugs before hospital admission, but there have been no publications in which sepsis is supported by SOFA and qSOFA scores with aspirin and/or NSAID users.
Comprehensive assessment of candidate genes associated with fattening performance in Holstein–Friesian bulls
Authors: Ardicli Sena , Samli Hale , Vatansever Buse , Soyudal Bahadir , Dincel Deniz , Balci Faruk 
Published: March 2019

Abstract. The objective of this study was to determine the association of single nucleotide
polymorphisms (SNPs) in selected candidate genes with fattening performance traits in a
commercial cattle herd. Fifteen SNPs in 12 candidate genes (LEP, FABP4,
DGAT1, TG, IGF1, IGF1R, MYF5, LGB,
CAPN1, CAST, GHR, and OLR1) were evaluated in
296 purebred Holstein–Friesian bulls using PCR-RFLP (polymerase chain reaction – restriction fragment length polymorphism). Associations between each segregating SNP and genetic merit for fattening
performance were quantified using linear mixed models. Traits included in the study were
fattening period, final weight, dry matter intake, feed conversion rate, and average
daily weight gain. Apart from the general determination of the above-mentioned traits,
each trait was evaluated based on the fattening periods between five selected
target body weights (W1 = 100 kg, W2 = 200 kg, W3 = 300 kg,
W4 = 400 kg, W5 = 450 kg). All markers with the exception of
CAPN1 530, IGF1R, TG, and DGAT1 were associated with
at least one of the traits. Furthermore, novel associations were observed for
LEP × GHR, IGF1 × LEP,
FABP4 3691 × FABP4 2834, and
FAP4 3533 × LEP interactions. The results of this study
confirm some previously reported associations. Moreover, novel associations have been
identified, which may be incorporated into breeding programs to improve fattening
performance.
Seasonality in the Δ33S measured in urban aerosols highlights an additional oxidation pathway for atmospheric SO2
Authors: Au Yang David , Cartigny Pierre , Desboeufs Karine , Widory David 
Published: March 2019

Abstract. Sulfates present in urban aerosols collected worldwide usually
exhibit significant non-zero Δ33S signatures (from
−0.6 ‰ to 0.5 ‰) whose origin still remains unclear. To
better address this issue, we recorded the seasonal variations of the
multiple sulfur isotope compositions of PM10 aerosols collected
over the year 2013 at five stations within the Montreal Island (Canada), each
characterized by distinct types and levels of pollution. The
δ34S-values (n= 155) vary from 2.0 ‰ to
11.3 ‰ (±0.2 ‰, 2σ), the
Δ33S-values from −0.080 ‰ to 0.341 ‰ (±0.01 ‰, 2σ) and the Δ36S-values from
−1.082 ‰ to 1.751 ‰ (±0.2 ‰, 2σ).
Our study evidences a seasonality for both the δ34S and
Δ33S, which can be observed either when considering all
monitoring stations or, to a lesser degree, when considering them
individually. Among them, the monitoring station located at the most western
end of the island, upstream of local emissions, yields the lowest mean
δ34S coupled to the highest mean Δ33S-values.
The Δ33S-values are higher during both summer and winter, and
are < 0.1 ‰ during both spring and autumn. As these higher
Δ33S-values are measured in “upstream” aerosols, we conclude
that the mechanism responsible for these highly positive S-MIF also occurs
outside and not within the city, at odds with common assumptions. While the
origin of such variability in the Δ33S-values of urban
aerosols (i.e. −0.6 ‰ to 0.5 ‰) is still subject to
debate, we suggest that oxidation by Criegee radicals and/or photooxidation
of atmospheric SO2 in the presence of mineral dust may play a role
in generating such large ranges of S-MIF.
Contending with Capitalism: Fatwas and Neoliberal Ideology
Authors: Awass Omer 
Published: March 2019

Neoliberal economic theorists posit that the economic sphere is to be differentiated from the social world and governed by its own rationality that is distinct from religious, ethical, social, or political considerations. My article explores how the issuance of fatwas in the contemporary Muslim world discursively compete with neoliberal capitalist ideology by embedding religious ethics in economic discourse. First, I contextualize this analysis with a historical discussion on how the Muslim world was incorporated into the capitalist world-system, a process that peripheralized their established economic and cultural practices. Then, I examine the contemporary fatwas on commercial transactions that are issued by an international Muslim organization. My overall argument is that the Islamic moral economy proposes financial arrangements that represent alternatives to capitalist financial practices, which are the standard modes of operation in global financial institutions. Such practices pose a challenge to Muslim economic ethics and law, a challenge that Muslims are trying to negotiate using traditional legal practices such as the fatwa.
Corporate versus Community Power: A Santa Barbara Story
Authors: Flacks Richard 
Published: March 2019

Fifty years ago, a massive oil well blowout and subsequent oil spill triggered community resistance to oil company operations in Santa Barbara county and its surrounding waters. The county has had surprising success in regulating and reducing oil development. That success is due to the combined effectds of grassroots mobilization, longterm organization, and the availability of state agencies and laws that legitimize community participation in corporarte development approvals. Despite Santa Barbara's relative affluence, its ongoing battle with the oil industry may be useful for formulating a theory of community empowerment globally.
Microbiota of different wine grape berries
Authors: Kačániová Miroslava , Kunova Simona , Felsöciová Soňa , Ivanišová Eva , Kántor Attila , Puchalski Czeslaw , Terentjeva Margarita 
Published: March 2019

The wine grape berries share a complex microbial ecology including filamentous fungi, yeasts and bacteria. The microbiota reveals different physiological characteristics and depends on the grape ripening stage and the availability of nutrients with different effect on wine production. The microbiota of grape berries (n = 12) was isolated and identified in the present study. The samples were collected in September 2018. Grape berries were obtained from Vrbovo vineyard located in Slovakia. The grape berries investigated belonged to Blue Frankish, Cabernet Sauvignon, Chardonnay, Dornfelder, Feteasca regala, Green Veltliner, Irsai Oliver, Mūller Thurgau, Pálava, Pinot Blanc, Rhinriesling and Welschriesling varieties. The microorganisms were cultivated on Malt extract agar (MEA) at 25 °C for five days in aerobically for microscopic filamentous fungi and Tryptone Soya agar (TSA) at 37 °C for 24 – 48 h aerobically for bacteria and yeasts. Total bacterial counts on different wine grape berries ranged from 2.57 ±0.09 in Chardonnay to 4.39 ±0.21 log CFU.g-1 in Pálava. Microscopic filamentous fungi count ranged from 1.18 ±0.03 in Blue Frankish to 2.60 ±0.17 log CFU.g-1 in Welschriesling. MALDI-TOF MS Biotyper mass spectrometry was used for identification of microorganisms (bacteria and yeasts) and microscopic filamentous fungi with manuals. The most identified microscopic fungal species was Alternaria sp., for yeasts Issatchenkia orientalis and Leuconostoc mesenteroides subsp. mesenteroides for bacteria.