bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The influence of growth retardation of heifers to yearling age on the milk productivity of cows
Authors: Polupan Yu. P. , Pryima S. V. 
Published: November 2024

The purpose of the research was to analyze the impact of growth delays in repair heifers in different periods of the first year of rearing on the compensatory growth of heifers and subsequent productivity of cows. The research was carried out in the herd of the breeding farm “Agrofirma “Svitanok” LLC of the Mariinsky district of the Donetsk region, based on information on the growth, reproductive ability and milk productivity of 1126 cows of the Ukrainian Red and Black-and-White Dairy and Holstein breeds with a dated first calving during the years 2007–2020. Animals without growth retardation were included in the control group, and animals with growth retardation at the age of 0–3, 3–6, 6–9, and 9–12 months, respectively, were included in the four experimental groups. Average daily weight gain of heifers of less than 500 g was considered growth retardation. It was established that despite catching up in growth intensity during the first year of growing, heifers in groups with growth retardation do not have the necessary live weight for insemination in the optimal period (15–16 months), and are characterized by a correspondingly older (by 3.5...15.5 %) age of first calving, lower milk yield by 3.1...21.3 %, milk fat by 3.6...21.0 % and by 3,3...23.9 % – protein in 305 days of the first lactation. Losses in milk productivity continue in subsequent lactations by 8.8...18.5 % in milk yield, 9.1...21.7 % in milk fat output, and by 9.2...22.0 % in milk protein. Growth retardation during the period of intensive puberty at the age of six to twelve months has the most negative effect on productive characteristics. Therefore, growth retardation of repair heifers during the first year of breeding should be avoided. Heifers with the greatest growth retardation are not advisable to leave for herd repair.
Improved Vehicular Congestion Classification using Machine Learning for VANETs
Authors: Shah Syed Ammad Ali , Fernando Xavier , Kashef Rasha 
Published: November 2024

<p> Vehicular Ad-hoc Networks (VANETs) emerge as an inevitable element for autonomous driving, smart cities and intelligent transportation systems. The vehicular traffic density classification plays a crucial role in making important traffic routing and data transfer decisions between vehicles and surrounding infrastructure. However, vehicular density in a given area vastly varies depending on the environment (urban, rural, highway etc.), the day and the specific time of the day. There can also be unpredictable density variations due to traffic incidents or social events. Therefore, accurate classification of traffic density is essential to properly plan data communication in VANET. This paper studies a number of machine learning (ML) algorithms to accurately classify the traffic condition based on the data collected from intelligent sensors. First, the traffic flow and average speed data is collected for each vehicle. In the second step, vehicular density is estimated using speed and flow relationship in a given area. In the third step, traffic state is classified as "Free-Flow", "Dense", and "Congested" based on the congestion cost report by Victoria Transport Policy Institute. Finally, we utilized a range of ML approaches, including Decision Tree (DT), Na¨ıve Bayes (NB), K-Nearest Neighbor (KNN), Random Forest (RF), Support Vector Classifier (SVC), Logistic Regression (LR), and Multilayer Perceptron (MLP) to categorize instances of traffic congestion. The results are studied based on classification accuracy, recall and precision metrics. The experimental results indicate that RF and subsequently Ensemble Soft Voting classifiers exhibit the best performance among all other classifiers, including the MLP model. </p>
Towards Optimal Association of Coexisting RF, THz and mm Wave Users in 6G Networks
Authors: Fernando Xavier , Hassan Noha 
Published: November 2024

<p>The sixth generation (6G) mobile communication system is expected to utilize millimeter wave and THz frequency bands, in addition to RF bands. The propagation characteristics and ranges of these bands vary vastly while the multi-band users supposedly experience seamless coverage, high throughput and consistent Quality of Service. Heterogeneous base stations (BSs) equipped with these multiple technologies shall be fairly loaded for this. SINR based approaches tend to assign more users to RF channels while starving other bandwidth rich mediums. In this paper, we propose an algorithm to improve the performance of multi-band 6G networks by optimizing the user association to heterogeneous BS to maximize the cumulative data rate while ensuring an acceptable transmission power and fair load balancing among the BSs. The optimization problem is solved using the Lagrangian method. Simulation results show an improved cumulative throughput and fairness. </p>
Task Offloading and Resource Allocation in Vehicular Networks: A Lyapunov Based Deep Reinforcement Learning Approach
Authors: Kumar Anitha Saravana , Fernando Xavier , Zhao Lian 
Published: November 2024

<p> Vehicular Edge Computing (VEC) has gained popularity due to its ability to enhance vehicular networks. VEC servers located at Roadside Units (RSUs) allow low-power vehicles to offload computation-intensive and delay-sensitive applications, making it a promising solution. However, optimal resource allocation between edge servers is a complex issue due to vehicle mobility and dynamic data traffic. To address this issue, we propose a Lyapunov-based Multi-Agent Deep Deterministic Policy Gradient (L-MADDPG) method that jointly optimizes computing task distribution and radio resource allocation to minimize energy consumption and delay requirements. We evaluate the trade-offs between the performance of the optimization algorithm, queuing model, and energy consumption. We first examine delay, queue and energy models for task execution at the vehicle or RSU, followed by the L-MADDPG algorithm for jointly optimizing task offloading and resource allocation problems to reduce energy consumption without compromising performance. Our simulation results show that our algorithm can reduce energy consumption while maintaining system performance compared to existing algorithms. </p>
Reliability and Availability Modeling Techniques in 6G IoT Networks: A Taxonomy and Survey
Authors: Fernando Xavier , Gupta Abhishek , Das Olivia 
Published: November 2024

<p>This paper investigates the reliability assessment and availability prediction techniques used in modeling of advanced (next generation) wireless communication networks. The 5G, 5G+, beyond 5G (B5G) and 6G communication technologies are leading to emerging applications of wireless communication that use cloud computing, edge computing, and fog computing. In the last decade, various user-centric and service-oriented networks such as internet of things (IoT), smart cities, smart homes, smart grids, drones, and unmanned aerial vehicles (UAV) have been deployed that use technologies such as network function virtualization (NVF), software defined networking (SDN), and 5G. This has led to proliferation of IoT devices and IoT applications in various critical usage systems such as intelligent transportation systems, smart healthcare, and e-commerce. The availability and reliability of wireless connectivity in IoT devices and nodes is of significant importance as unavailability of nodes or end-user devices even for a millisecond could cause failure of healthcare systems or lead to malfunction of connected and autonomous vehicles, or compromise the smart grids power generation and distribution, leading to fatal outcomes. </p>
Predicting Health Outcome from Purchasing History Using Machine Learning
Authors: Illanko Kandasamy , Fernando Xavier 
Published: November 2024

<p> It is well known that life style and dietary habits correlate to certain medical conditions such as Heart Disease, Stroke, and Diabetes. A type of big data that reflects people’s life style and dietary habits is their purchasing history. People who are prone to certain medical conditions might show preference towards certain food types. Purchasing history of a simulated population of 100,000 individuals is used to demonstrate that buying people’s purchasing history records from big companies could be a worthwhile investment by the public health agencies. A Neural Network that uses the Kohonen’s Self Organizing Feature Map (SOFM) is used on the purchasing data to group people into categories based on their buying habits. Individuals who have already been diagnosed with a medical condition can be identified by their purchase of certain prescribed medications. The segment of the population that clusters into a group that includes these individuals is predicted to be at risk for the same medical condition. Numerical results supporting the Big Data analytic design and validation are also presented. </p>
Adaptive Minimization of Direct Sunlight Noise on V2V-VLC Receivers
Authors: Illanko Kandasamy , Fernando Xavier 
Published: November 2024

<p>Shot noise due to direct sunlight is the major cause of SNR degradation in vehicle to vehicle visible light communications (V2V-VLC) outdoors. This shot noise can be simply reduced by the receiver ‘looking away’ from the sun rays. However, this has to be done without reducing the received optical signal power, which is a 3-D tracking problem, where both transmitter and receiver are moving. This paper analyzes the resulting optimization problem and finds the optimal angle at which the instantaneous SNR is maximized. This depends on the incident angle of the optical signal as well as the incident angle of the sunlight. Note, the mobility adds random additive noise in addition to rapid angle variations. The paper uses an extendedKalman filter to minimize the error and possible drift in the optimal angle in the presence of noisy measurements. This results in an adaptive SNR optimization system for real-time vehicle to vehicle visible light communications. We have also presented the analytical solution to the SNR optimization problem. Simulation results, on a curved freeway on a bright sunny day, demonstrate close matching between the actual optimal SNR and that achieved by the extended-Kalman filter. </p>
Contextualizing a Human Rights Perspective for Water Ethics: From Exploitation to Empowerment and Beyond
Authors: Wellington Alex 
Published: November 2024

<p>Throughout policy discussions about water management, two familiar solutions to achieve security and sustainability are proposed: markets and states. Advocates of market environmentalism champion the use of market pricing and significant involvement of the private sector in water systems to achieve water conservation and efficiency. That perspective aligns with the Dublin Statement principles affirming the finitude and vulnerability of water, and emphasizing that water should be recognized as an economic good. Critics warn that markets suffer from numerous and serious flaws. Left unregulated, markets generate externalities such as pollution and fail to protect the interests of the most marginal and vulnerable. The decision-making processes that are typical of markets neglect to ensure opportunities for participation in decision-making by those most affected: communities and consumers. </p>
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<p>It is recommended here that the focus of water policy should not be on a simple binary, market or state, in isolation. Instead, from a human rights perspective, the crucial consideration is where, when, and how the market and state should each play their respective roles in the pursuit of sustainability and water security. A human rights perspective offers us a shift in priorities—a way to reaffirm values and priorities that are obscured at best and disregarded at worst by market environmentalism. Core elements of human rights are reflected in other Dublin Statement principles advocating for a participatory approach to water management and incorporating a concern for equity and non-discrimination in access to water. This chapter suggests that we need human rights, and specifically the human rights to water and sanitation, because we do not yet live in a socially just, ecologically sustainable world.</p>
Study of the Gap Parameters of Cement Mortar Specimens Based on X-ray Tomography
Authors: Kovács András 
Published: November 2024

Concrete is one of the most widely used structural materials next to steel. This justifies a detailed study of the material structure to understand the influence of the production parameters on the properties of the concrete. The pore structure of concretes has a major influence on their practical use, as it impacts their resistance to environmental degradation (e.g., frost resistance). In the present study, I have investigated concrete and cement mortar specimens with different water-cement ratios using micro-CT (or micro X-ray tomography) to determine the pore structure and the pore gap parameters of the specimens. It can be concluded that with an increasing water-cement ratio the overall porosity of the samples and the number of large pores (1 mm3) show a decreasing trend, in contrast, the gap parameter shows an enhancing trend. It can also be concluded that any pore-forming additives cause significant changes in the structure.
Susceptibilidad antibacteriana de Enterobacterales en ambientes hospitalarios
Authors: Pineda Delgado Cintya Jakeline , Villamar Flores Wagner Steven , Ortiz Tejedor Jonnathan Gerardo 
Published: November 2024

Introducción: Las Infecciones Asociadas a la Atención en Salud (IAAS) son adquiridas en el interior de los hospitales, constituyendo un gran problema de salud pública a nivel intrahospitalario, por el incremento de la morbilidad y mortalidad. La transmisión de estas infecciones ocurre por tres factores; el agente, el huésped y el medio ambiente. Además, la resistencia bacteriana conlleva un desafío importante por el alto grado de resistencia a los antibióticos betalactámicos. Objetivo: Caracterizar Enterobacterales a partir de aislados procedentes de superficies hospitalarias mediante métodos microbiológicos, y evaluar la susceptibilidad mediante la técnica de Kirby Bauer. Metodología: Se realizó un estudio observacional descriptivo, de corte transversal. Se obtuvo muestras de quirófano, recién nacidos, neonatología, UCI adultos, emergencia y hospitalización en el Hospital Universitario Católico de Cuenca. La identificación de las diferentes especies bacterianas se llevó a cabo mediante la utilización de galerías API 20E – Biomérieux y la evaluación de la susceptibilidad se realizó mediante el método de Kirby-Bauer. Resultados: El 16 % del total de las muestras presentaron crecimiento de diferentes especies bacterianas, dentro de estas se identificaron cepas de Pantoea spp 8%, Enterobacter cloacae 4%, Echerichia coli 2%, Yersinia pestis 2%. E. coli presentó resistencia para ceftazidima, amoxicilina/ácido clavulánico, ceftriaxona, cefoxitin, ciprofloxacino y amoxicilina, mientras que en Yersinia pestis se observó resistencia a ceftazidima, amoxicilina/ácido clavulánico, ceftriaxona, ciprofloxacino y cefuroxima, en la misma línea Pantoea spp y Enterobacter cloacae, presentaron resistencia a diferentes antibióticos betalactámicos. Conclusión: Se evidenció la presencia de Enterobacterales con perfiles de resistencia significativa en superficies hospitalarias. Área de estudio general: Microbiología Área de estudio específica: Bacteriología Tipo de estudio: Artículo original.
Manejo de las comunicaciones oroantrales en el ámbito de la odontología general
Authors: Aynaguano Aynaguano Jaime Bladimir , Guzmán Carrasco Cristian David , Cushpa Pilco Cristian Xavier , Ajitimbay Caiza Erick Alejandro 
Published: November 2024

Introducción. La comunicación oroantral (COA), una conexión entre la cavidad oral y el SM, es una complicación quirúrgica común en exodoncias. Si no se trata a tiempo, puede causar sinusitis y fístulas oroantrales (FOA). El diagnóstico incluye pruebas radiográficas y, en casos avanzados, se requiere intervención quirúrgica, como el colgajo de avance bucal. Objetivo. El presente proyecto de investigación tiene como propósito establecer el manejo de las comunicaciones oroantrales en el ámbito de la Odontología General. Realizado a través de una revisión exhaustiva de la literatura científica, en base a las indicaciones PRISMA. Metodología. Para su realización se utilizó variedad de artículos científicos de revistas indexadas por medio de bases de datos como PubMed, Science Direct y Google Scholar en un periodo de 10 años es decir del 2013 al 2023, donde se seleccionó 41 publicaciones de excelencia para el proceso de revisión Resultados. El manejo de las Comunicaciones Oroantrales (COA) en odontología general depende del tamaño del defecto. Defectos menores a 2 mm pueden cerrarse espontáneamente, mientras que los mayores requieren cierre quirúrgico inmediato, idealmente dentro de las 24-48 horas para evitar complicaciones como sinusitis crónica. La técnica quirúrgica más recomendada para cierres es el colgajo de avance bucal, debido a su alta tasa de éxito. La pieza dental más asociada a la COA es el primer molar superior, y la prevalencia es mayor en hombres, aunque las mujeres son más propensas a desarrollar complicaciones. Conclusión. Luego del análisis de la información se concluye que el manejo de la comunicación oroantral se basa en el diagnostico acertado y eficaz durante la consulta general apoyándose en maniobras clínicas recomendada por la literatura y pruebas de diagnóstico como la TAC, así evitando complicaciones mayores que dificulten su abordaje en el ámbito odontológico general. Área de estudio general: Odontología. Área de estudio específica: Cirugía Oral y Maxilofacial. Tipo de estudio: Artículos originales.
Digitalisasi Informasi dan Pembelajaran di SD Muhammadiyah 3 Parepare
Authors: Syawal Syawal , Patahuddin Patahuddin , Kurniawan Edy , Abdullah Muhaimin , Idris Radiah Azizah , Syahrir Astriyani 
Published: November 2024

Digital-based learning is the biggest obstacle faced by partner schools. This has an impact on the accessibility of learning materials and limited information. Therefore, this PKM aims to develop a prototype website for elementary schools to improve the quality and accessibility of education in partner schools. The research method used is a design-based research approach consisting of two semesters. The first semester is used to design and develop a prototype of the school's website, while the second semester is focused on analyzing and testing its effectiveness. The limitation of this study lies in creating a prototype school website that can support the teaching and learning process in schools through digital-based teaching media. The results of this development research are a prototype of a school website that is ready to be tested. The prototype of the school website developed is expected to be a valuable medium for schools, students, and parents to support a more effective and efficient learning process. Thus, this research is expected to open the door to a more inclusive and quality education for all children in Parepare. Keywords: Digital-based open media; Design-based research prototype; Learning effectiveness; Basic education; Web-based school;Pembelajaran berbasis digital menjadi kendala terbesar yang dihadapi oleh sekolah mitra. Hal ini berdampak pada aksesibilitas materi pembelajaran dan informasi yang terbatas. Oleh karena itu, PKM ini bertujuan untuk mengembangkan sebuah prototipe website untuk sekolah dasar sebagai solusi untuk meningkatkan kualitas dan aksesibilitas pendidikan di sekolah mitra. Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah pendekatan design based research, yang terdiri dari dua semester. Semester pertama digunakan untuk merancang dan mengembangkan prototipe website sekolah, sementara semester kedua difokuskan pada analisis dan pengujian efektivitasnya. Batasan kajian ini terletak pada pengembangkan prototipe website sekolah yang dapat memberikan dukungan terhadap proses belajar mengajar di sekolah melalui media ajar berbasis digital. Hasil dari penelitian pengembangan ini berupa prototipe website sekolah yang siap untuk diujicobakan. Prototipe website sekolah yang dikembangkan diharapkan dapat menjadi media yang bermanfaat bagi sekolah, siswa, dan orang tua dalam mendukung proses pembelajaran yang lebih efektif dan efisien. Dengan demikian, penelitian ini diharapkan mampu membuka pintu menuju pendidikan yang lebih inklusif dan berkualitas bagi semua anak di Kota Parepare.Kata kunci: Media ajar berbasis digital; Design based research Prototipe; Efektivitas pembelajaran; Pendidikan dasar; Web-based school;
Pemanfaatan Buah Kelapa Menjadi Virgin Coconut Oil Bagi Kaum Perempuan Jemaat Marturia Kupang NTT
Authors: Bunyani Nur Aini , Roman Maya Fitriani , Finmeta Abdonia , Kerihi Eka C.G , Tunmuni Deglori , Neolaka Frengki 
Published: November 2024

Virgin Coconut Oil (VCO) is extracted coconut oil containing medium chain fatty acids that have been believed to have many health functions. These fatty acids are easily digested and absorbed by the intestines because the size of the molecules is relatively small so that they can be directly burned by the body to produce energy. In addition, VCO contains lauric acid which can dissolve the virus membrane in the form of lipids so that it will interfere with the immunity of the virus, so that the virus becomes inactive. VCO is processed without heating, no additional chemicals, dyes, and preservatives so that it can survive as pure vegetable oil so that it does not change the composition or characteristics of the oil. VCO has high economic value. The manufacturing process is easy. The methods in this Community Service are Counseling, direct Practice and discussion. It is hoped that the use of coconuts will not only be sold in the form of unprocessed fruit but coconuts are processed into pure coconut oil or Virgin Coconut Oil and can be developed more widely through group entrepreneurship programs so as to increase the income of the congregation, especially the Women's group in the GMIT Marturia Oesapa Selatan Congregation, Kelapa Lima District, Kupang City.Keyword: coconut fruit; processing; utilization; virgin coconut oil Abstrak. Virgin Coconut Oil (VCO) merupakan minyak kelapa yang diekstraksi yang mengandung asam lemak yang memiliki rantai sedang yang telah dipercaya memiliki banyak fungsi untuk kesehatan. asam lemak tersebut mudah dicerna dan diserap oleh usus karena ukuran molekulnya relatif kecil sehingga dapat langsung dibakar oleh tubuh untuk memproduksi energi. Selain itu, VCO mengandung asam laurat yang dapat melarutkan membran virus berupa lipid sehingga akan mengganggu kekebalan virus, sehingga virus menjadi inaktif. VCO diproses tanpa pemanasan, tidak ada tambahan bahan kimia, pewarna, dan pengawet sehingga dapat bertahan sebagai minyak nabati murni sehingga tidak merubah komposisi atau karakteristik minyak. VCO mempunyai nilai ekonomis yang tinggi. Proses pembuatannya mudah. Metode dalam Pengabdian Masyarakat ini adalah Penyuluhan, langsung Praktek dan diskusi. Diharapkan pemanfaatan buah kelapa tidak hanya dijual dalam bentuk buah tanpa diolah tetapi buah kelapa diolah menjadi minyak kelapa murni atau Virgin Coconut Oil dan dapat dikembangkan secara lebih luas lagi melalui program kewirausahaan kelompok sehingga meningkatkan pendapatan jemaat, khususnya kelompok Kaum Perempuan di Jemaat GMIT Marturia Oesapa Selatan, Kecamatan Kelapa Lima Kota Kupang.Kata kunci: buah kelapa; pengolahan; pemanfaatan; virgin coconut oil