bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Central venous pressure monitoring in living donor kidney recipients does not affect immediate graft function: A propensity score analysis
Authors: Adelmann Dieter , Bicknell Leonie , Niemann Claus U. , Feiner John , Roll Garrett R. , Burdine Lyle , Whitlock Elizabeth L. 
Published: March 2018

AbstractBackgroundDuring kidney transplantation, intraoperative fluid management can affect post‐transplant graft function. It is unclear whether or not central venous pressure (CVP) monitoring is required to guide fluid therapy during kidney transplantation.MethodsWe compared post‐transplant graft function in recipients of living donor kidney transplants between August 2006 and March 2009 based on the use or absence of intraoperative CVP monitoring. Graft function, assessed using the creatinine reduction ratio on postoperative day 2 (CCR2), was evaluated by multivariable linear regression analysis and in a propensity‐matched cohort.ResultsTwo hundred and ninety patients were included in the analysis. Central venous pressure was monitored in 84 patients (29%). There was no difference in post‐transplant graft function, as measured by CCR2, between patients with and without CVP monitoring in both unadjusted and multivariable‐adjusted analyses. There were also no statistically significant differences in CCR2, delayed graft function, or 3‐month renal function between those monitored with CVP and those without, in the propensity‐matched cohort.ConclusionsIn this single‐center analysis, immediate post‐transplant renal function was not associated with the use of intraoperative CVP monitoring.
Comparison of propofol monotherapy and propofol combination therapy for sedation during gastrointestinal endoscopy: A systematic review and meta‐analysis
Authors: Yoon Sang Won , Choi Geun Joo , Lee Oh Haeng , Yoon Il Jae , Kang Hyun , Baek Chong Wha , Jung Yong Hun , Woo Young Cheol 
Published: March 2018

Background and AimPrevious randomized controlled trials have reported conflicting findings comparing propofol combination therapy (PCT) with propofol monotherapy (PMT) for sedation of patients undergoing gastrointestinal endoscopy. Therefore, a systematic review was carried out to compare the efficacy and safety of PCT and PMT in such patients.MethodsWe searched MEDLINE, EMBASE and CENTRAL databases to identify all randomized controlled trials that compared the efficacy and safety of PCT and PMT for sedation of patients undergoing gastrointestinal endoscopy. Primary endpoints were incidence of respiratory complications, hypotension and arrhythmia, dose of propofol used, and recovery time. Procedure duration and the satisfaction of patients and doctors were also evaluated.ResultsA total of 2250 patients from 22 studies were included in the final analysis. The combined analysis did not show any difference between PCT and PMT in the incidence of respiratory complications (risk ratio [RR], 0.80; 95% CI, 0.52 to 1.23; I2 = 58.34%), hypotension (RR, 1.06; 95% CI, 0.63 to 1.78; I2 = 72.13%), arrhythmia (RR,1.40; 95% CI, 0.74 to 2.64; I2 = 43.71%), recovery time (standardized mean difference [SMD], 0.16; 95% CI, −0.49 to 0.81; I2 = 95.9%), procedure duration (SMD, 0.04; 95% CI, −0.05 to 0.14; I2 = 0.0%), patient satisfaction (SMD, 0.13; 95% CI, −0.26 to 0.52; I2 = 89.63%) or doctor satisfaction (SMD, 0.01; 95% CI, −0.15 to 0.17; I2 = 0.00%). However, the dose of propofol used was significantly lower in PCT than in PMT (SMD, −1.38; 95% CI, −1.99 to −0.77; I2 = 97.70%).ConclusionPCT showed comparable efficacy and safety to PMT with respect to respiratory complications, hypotension and arrhythmia, recovery time, procedure duration, patient satisfaction, and doctor satisfaction. However, the average dose of propofol used was higher in PMT.
Knowledge and attitudes about sports‐related dental injuries and mouthguard use in young athletes in four different contact sports—water polo, karate, taekwondo and handball
Authors: Galic Tea , Kuncic Domagoj , Poklepovic Pericic Tina , Galic Ivan , Mihanovic Frane , Bozic Josko , Herceg Mark 
Published: March 2018

AbstractBackground/AimsThe increasing popularity of participating in sports activities among children and adolescents has increased the risk of sports‐related orofacial and dental injuries. Therefore, it is important to establish efficient preventive strategies regarding sports‐related dental trauma. The aim of this study was to evaluate the occurrence of sports‐related dental injuries in young athletes and to compare the frequency of such injuries between high‐risk and medium‐risk sports, along with assessing athletes’ attitudes and habits regarding mouthguard use.MethodsA total of 229 young athletes from four different sports (water polo (n = 59), karate (n = 58), taekwondo (n = 57) and handball (n = 55)) participated in this study. A standardized questionnaire about the frequency of orofacial and dental injuries was used. Questions were also asked about athletes’ habits related to mouthguard use.ResultsMean age of the participants was 12.9 ± 3.2 years, and the average time of playing experience was 4.8 ± 3.1 years. Orofacial injury had been experienced by 58 athletes (25.3%), while 31 athletes (13.5%) suffered dental injury. Higher rate of dental injuries was observed in water polo (18.6%), karate (17.2%) and handball (21.8%) than in taekwondo (3.5%) (P = .035). Most participants were aware of mouthguards for dental trauma prevention and considered them efficient for preventing dental injuries during sports activities, but only 94 (41%) used them. There was a statistically significant difference in the use of mouthguards between taekwondo (73.7%) and karate (70.7%) players compared to handball (14.5%) and water polo players (5.1%) (P < .001).ConclusionsHandball and water polo had similarly high occurrence of dental trauma as karate, a high‐risk martial art sport. Therefore, the classification of sports according to the risk of dental trauma should be reconsidered. It would be beneficial to make wearing a mouthguard mandatory in all high‐risk sports, as well as in those with medium‐risk for dental injuries.
Trends and characteristics of maxillofacial fractures sustained during sports activities in Japan
Authors: Yamamoto Kazuhiko , Matsusue Yumiko , Horita Satoshi , Murakami Kazuhiro , Sugiura Tsutomu , Kirita Tadaaki 
Published: March 2018

AbstractBackground/AimSports activity increases the risk of maxillofacial fractures. The aim of this study was to analyze trends and characteristics of maxillofacial fractures sustained during sports activity to develop more effective treatments and possibly to prevent injury.Materials and methodsData of 248 patients with maxillofacial fractures sustained during sports activity were retrospectively analyzed based on their clinical records and radiographs.ResultsThe patients were 226 males (91.1%) and 22 females (8.9%). Their ages ranged from 6 to 70 years and the majority were in their second decade. The fractures were sustained in various sports which included baseball in 85 patients (34.3%), rugby in 40 (16.1%), soccer in 30 (12.1%), softball in 22 (8.9%), golf in 10 (4.0%), hockey in 8 (3.2%), combat sports in 28 (11.3%), and others in 29 (11.7%). The cause of injuries was collision with another player in 97 patients (39.1%), hit by a ball in 89 (35.9%), intended attack in 20 (8.1%), hit by equipment of another player in 15 (6.0%), a fall in 14 (5.6%), and collision with ground equipment in 13 (5.2%). The site of fractures was the mandible in 145 patients (58.5%), midface in 100 (40.3%), and both in 3 (1.2%). Among 210 fracture sites in the mandible, 77 (36.6%) were in the angle, 68 (32.4%) in the symphysis, and 65 (30.9%) in others. Among 103 fractures in the midface, 58 (56.3%) were in the zygoma, 26 (25.2%) in alveolar bone, and 19 (18.4%) in others. Treatment was observation in 67 patients (27.0%), maxillomandibular fixation in 64 (25.8%), open reduction and internal fixation in 63 (25.4%), intramaxillary splinting in 40 (16.1%), transcutaneous reduction in 10 (4.0%), and other procedures in 4 (1.6%).ConclusionMaxillofacial fractures sustained during sports activity showed characteristic features dependent on the type of sport and cause of injury.
PAR1 contribution in acute electrophysiological properties of oral anticoagulants in rabbit pulmonary vein sleeve preparations
Authors: Font Jonaz , Simeon Mathilda , Simard Christophe , Allouche Stéphane , Plane Anne‐Flore , Ferchaud Virginie , Brionne Marie , Rouet René , Nowoczyn Marie , Manrique Alain , Puddu Paolo Emilio , Milliez Paul , Alexandre Joachim 
Published: March 2018

AbstractWhether oral anticoagulants, vitamin K antagonists (VKAs), and nonvitamin K oral anticoagulant (NOACs) frequently prescribed to atrial fibrillation (AF) patients, do themselves have a pro‐ or anti‐arrhythmic effect have never been addressed. Transmembrane action potentials were recorded in an acute rabbit model of superfused pulmonary veins (PVs) sleeves preparations using standard microelectrode technique. Fluindione 10 μm (n = 6) increased the AP (action potential) duration (APD), induced a significantly Vmax depression (from 95 ± 14 to 53 ± 5 V/s, P < 0.05), and 2 : 1 blocks during rapid atrial pacing thus evoking class I anti‐arrhythmic properties, and prevented spontaneous trigger APs. Apixaban 10 μm (n = 6) increased the APD, significantly prolonged the effective refractory period (from 56.3 ± 4.2 to 72.0 ± 8.6 ms, P < 0.05), and prevented triggered APs occurrence. Fluindione and apixaban effects were suppressed with the addition of the protease‐activated receptors 1 (PAR 1) agonist SFLLR‐NH2. Warfarin 10 μm (n = 6) significantly abbreviated the early refractory period (from 56.3 ± 4.2 to 45.0 ± 2.2 ms, P < 0.05) and increased triggered APs occurrence that were successfully prevented by nifedipine but not by the addition of the protease‐activated receptors 1 agonist SFLLR‐NH2. In this acute rabbit PVs model, VKAs and NOACs, at physiological concentrations, exhibited very different pharmacological properties that influence PVs electrophysiology, implying PAR1, with fluindione and apixaban which exhibited more anti‐arrhythmic properties, whereas warfarin exhibited more pro‐arrhythmic properties.
Land use intensity, rather than plant species richness, affects the leaching risk of multiple nutrients from permanent grasslands
Authors: Klaus Valentin H. , Kleinebecker Till , Busch Verena , Fischer Markus , Hölzel Norbert , Nowak Sascha , Prati Daniel , Schäfer Deborah , Schöning Ingo , Schrumpf Marion , Hamer Ute 
Published: March 2018

AbstractThe intensification of land use constitutes one of the main drivers of global change and alters nutrient fluxes on all spatial scales, causing landscape‐level eutrophication and contamination of natural resources. Changes in soil nutrient concentrations are thus indicative for crucial environmental issues associated with intensive land use. We measured concentrations of NO3–N, NH4–N, P, K, Mg, and Ca using 1,326 ion‐exchange resin bags buried in 20 cm depth beneath the main root zone in 150 temperate grasslands. Nutrient concentrations were related to land use intensity, that is, fertilization, mowing, grazing intensities, and plant diversity by structural equation modeling. Furthermore, we assessed the response of soil nutrients to mechanical sward disturbance and subsequent reseeding, a common practice for grassland renewal. Land use intensity, especially fertilization, significantly increased the concentrations of NO3–N, NH4–N, K, P, and also Mg. Besides fertilization (and tightly correlated mowing) intensity, grazing strongly increased NO3–N and K concentrations. Plant species richness decreased P and NO3–N concentrations in soil when grassland productivity of the actual year was statistically taken into account, but not when long‐term averages of productivity were used. Thus, we assume that, in the actual study year, a distinct drought period might have caused the observed decoupling of productivity from fertilization and soil nutrients. Breaking up the grassland sward drastically increased NO3–N concentrations (+146%) but reduced NH4–N, P, and K concentrations, unbalancing soil nutrient stoichiometry and boosting the risk of N leaching. Reseeding the sward after disturbance did not have a short‐term effect on nutrient concentrations. We conclude that renewal of permanent grassland should be avoided as far as possible and future grassland management has to strongly rise the effectiveness of fertilization. Additionally, grassland management might have to increasingly taking care of periods of drought, in which nutrient additions might not increase plant growth but potentially only facilitate leaching.
Transbronchial lung biopsy for the diagnosis of IgG4‐related lung disease
Authors: Otani Kyoko , Inoue Dai , Itoh Tomoo , Zen Yoh 
Published: March 2018

AimsThe diagnosis of IgG4‐related disease (IgG4‐RD) requires a multidisciplinary approach, in which histology plays an important role. Although a diagnosis was previously established by the use of surgically resected specimens, there is increasing clinical demand to diagnose this systemic condition by the use of biopsies. The aim of the present study was to elucidate how useful transbronchial lung biopsies (TBLBs) are for this diagnostic purpose.Methods and resultsThe study cohort consisted of 20 consecutive patients diagnosed with IgG4‐RD in other organs who underwent TBLB for potential pulmonary involvement. One case showing multiple granulomas suggestive of other conditions was excluded. Seven of the remaining 19 cases (37%) showed apparently normal lung tissue, indicating a sampling error, and 12 (63%) had microscopic abnormalities. Nine cases (47%) with a dense lymphoplasmacytic infiltrate met the number and ratio criteria for IgG4‐positive plasma cell infiltration (>20 cells/high‐power field, and an IgG4/IgG‐positive plasma cell ratio of >40%). Obliterative phlebitis and storiform fibrosis were observed in one case each. In 43 control cases of various inflammatory conditions, tissue IgG4 elevations appeared to be uncommon, with only two cases (5%) each meeting the number or ratio criterion, and one case (2%) fulfilling both. All control cases with tissue IgG4 elevations were of eosinophilic pneumonia.ConclusionsTransbronchial lung biopsies provided histological findings that were supportive for the diagnosis of IgG4‐RD in 47% of cases, with 98% diagnostic specificity. Therefore, they have potential as a useful and acceptable diagnostic approach for IgG4‐related lung disease.
Splenic hematopoietic stem cells display a pre‐activated phenotype
Authors: Coppin Emilie , Florentin Jonathan , Vasamsetti Sathish Babu , Arunkumar Anagha , Sembrat John , Rojas Mauricio , Dutta Partha 
Published: March 2018

AbstractSplenic hematopoiesis is crucial to the pathogenesis of diseases including myocardial infarction and atherosclerosis. The spleen acts as a reservoir of myeloid cells, which are quickly expelled out in response to acute inflammation. In contrast to the well‐defined bone marrow hematopoiesis, the cellular and molecular components sustaining splenic hematopoiesis are poorly understood. Surprisingly, we found that, unlike quiescent bone marrow hematopoietic stem cells (HSC), most of splenic HSC are in the G1 phase in C57BL/6 mice. Moreover, splenic HSC were enriched for genes involved in G0‐G1 transition and expressed lower levels of genes responsible for G1‐S transition. These data indicate that, at steady state, splenic HSC are pre‐activated, which may expedite their cell cycle entry in emergency conditions. Consistently, in the acute phase of septic shock induced by LPS injection, splenic HSC entered the S‐G2‐M phase, whereas bone marrow HSC did not. Mobilization and transplantation experiments displayed that bone marrow HSC, once in the spleen, acquired cell cycle status similar to splenic HSC, strongly suggesting that the splenic microenvironment plays an important role in HSC pre‐activation. In addition, we found that myeloid translocation gene 16 (Mtg16) deficiency in C57BL/6 mice resulted in significantly increased S‐G2‐M entry of splenic but not bone marrow HSC, suggesting that Mtg16 is an intrinsic negative regulator of G1‐S transition in splenic HSC. Altogether, this study demonstrates that compared to bone marrow, splenic HSC are in a pre‐activated state, which is driven by extracellular signals provided by splenic microenvironment and HSC intrinsic factor Mtg16.
Effect of mild exercise on glycemic and bodyweight control in Japanese type 2 diabetes patients: A retrospective analysis
Authors: Nakanishi Shuhei , Iwamoto Masahiro , Hirukawa Hidenori , Shimoda Masashi , Tatsumi Fuminori , Kohara Kenji , Obata Atsushi , Okauchi Seizo , Kinoshita Tomoe , Sanada Junpei , Fushimi Yoshiro , Nishioka Momoyo , Mizoguchi Akiko , Kameyama Miyuki , Mune Tomoatsu , Kaku Kohei , Kaneto Hideaki 
Published: March 2018

AbstractWe retrospectively evaluated the effects of mild physical exercise (P) in a routine clinical setting on glycemic and bodyweight control in Japanese type 2 diabetes patients with and without individualized nutritional therapy (D). We analyzed 49 patients who participated in P that measured 2.5 metabolic equivalents and was held once every 2 weeks, compared with 83 non‐participant controls, followed over a period of approximately 1.6 years. With a Cox model, the adjusted hazard ratio for improved glycated hemoglobin by numerical count of P was 1.03 (95% confidence interval [CI] 1.00–1.07; P = 0.025). Among four categories – with neither P nor D, only P, only D, and both P and D – the hazard ratios for reduced body mass index were 1.0, 0.87 (95% CI 0.46–1.67), 0.58 (95% CI 0.25–1.30) and 2.17 (95% CI 1.03–4.59), respectively. Even mild physical exercise contributed to glycemic control. The combination of P and D exerted beneficial effects on bodyweight control.
Nursing students' understanding of the Fundamentals of Care: A cross‐sectional study in five countries
Authors: Jangland Eva , Mirza Noeman , Conroy Tiffany , Merriman Clair , Suzui Emiko , Nishimura Akiko , Ewens Ann 
Published: March 2018

Aim and objectiveTo explore the accuracy with which nursing students can identify the fundamentals of care.BackgroundA challenge facing nursing is ensuring the fundamentals of care are provided with compassion and in a timely manner. How students perceive the importance of the fundamentals of care may be influenced by the content and delivery of their nursing curriculum. As the fundamentals of care play a vital role in ensuring patient safety and quality care, it is important to examine how nursing students identify these care needs.DesignCross‐sectional descriptive design.MethodsA total of 398 nursing students (pre‐ and postregistration) from universities in Sweden, England, Japan, Canada and Australia participated. The Fundamentals of Care Framework guided this study. A questionnaire containing three care scenarios was developed and validated. Study participants identified the fundamentals of care for each of the scenarios. All responses were rated and analysed using ANOVA.ResultsThe data illustrate certain fundamentals of care were identified more frequently, including communication and education; comfort and elimination, whilst respecting choice, privacy and dignity were less frequently identified. The ability to identify all the correct care needs was low overall across the pre‐ and postregistration nursing programmes in the five universities. Significant differences in the number of correctly identified care needs between some of the groups were identified.ConclusionsNursing students are not correctly identifying all a patient's fundamental care needs when presented with different care scenarios. Students more frequently identifying physical care needs and less frequently psychosocial and relational needs. The findings suggest educators may need to emphasise and integrate all three dimensions.Relevance to clinical practiceTo promote students' ability to identify the integrated nature of the fundamentals of care, practising clinicians and nurse educators need to role model and incorporate all the fundamental care needs for their patients.
Spinal Cord Stimulation: Clinical Efficacy and Potential Mechanisms
Authors: Sdrulla Andrei D. , Guan Yun , Raja Srinivasa N. 
Published: March 2018

AbstractSpinal cord stimulation (SCS) is a minimally invasive therapy used for the treatment of chronic neuropathic pain. SCS is a safe and effective alternative to medications such as opioids, and multiple randomized controlled studies have demonstrated efficacy for difficult‐to‐treat neuropathic conditions such as failed back surgery syndrome. Conventional SCS is believed mediate pain relief via activation of dorsal column Aβ fibers, resulting in variable effects on sensory and pain thresholds, and measurable alterations in higher order cortical processing. Although potentiation of inhibition, as suggested by Wall and Melzack's gate control theory, continues to be the leading explanatory model, other segmental and supraspinal mechanisms have been described. Novel, non‐standard, stimulation waveforms such as high‐frequency and burst have been shown in some studies to be clinically superior to conventional SCS, however their mechanisms of action remain to be determined. Additional studies are needed, both mechanistic and clinical, to better understand optimal stimulation strategies for different neuropathic conditions, improve patient selection and optimize efficacy.
On the Mechanism of Photodehydrogenation of Aryl(hetaryl)pyrazolines in the Presence of Perchloroalkanes
Authors: Traven Valery F. , Cheptsov Dmitriy A. , Bulanova Maria V. , Solovjova Natalya P. , Chibisova Tatyana A. , Dolotov Sergei M. , Ivanov Ivan V. 
Published: March 2018

AbstractNew (1,5‐diaryl‐3‐pyrazolinyl)coumarins have been synthesized. The compounds do not undergo keto‐enol tautomeric transformations with changes in the solvent. (1,5‐Diaryl‐3‐pyrazolinyl)coumarins provide dehydrogenation reaction under irradiation in the presence of perchloroalkanes and manifest themselves as effective photogenerators of acidity. Several aspects of photodehydrogenation mechanism have been studied. Oxygen is shown not be involved in the reaction. Polar solvents increase rate of the reaction. The measured rate constants of the photodehydrogenation reactions vary in a significant range according to the structure of pyrazoline. The data correlate with ionization potentials of pyrazolines available from DFT quantum chemical calculations. These results are discussed in terms of proposed scheme of mechanism of pyrazolines photodehydrogenation assuming formation of ion‐radical and ion intermediates.
The Relationship of Digit Ratio (2D:4D) With Cerebral Lateralization and Grip Strength in Elite Swimmers
Authors: Acar Hakan , Eler Nebahat 
Published: March 2018

The index finger and the 4th finger ratio (2D:4D) is the indicator of the prenatal testosterone. The aim of this study is to investigate the relationship between 2D:4D, hand preference and hand grip strength in swimmers. A total of 80 elite swimmers, participated in the study. Height, body weight, body mass index (BMI), hand 2D:4D finger measurements and hand grip strength tests were performed for athletes. The hand preference was determined by the Oldfield questionnaire and it was evaluated according to the Geschwind score. The data were recorded in the SPSS 20 program and p<0.05 was considered as statistically significant. It was found that in both men and women, a negative correlation was found between right and left hand 2D:4D and both dominant (DHGS) and non-dominant hand grip strength (NDHGS) values. It was found that men had lower 2D:4D ratio than women. For both right and left handed, there was a statistically significant difference between the right and left hand 2D:4D ratios in both men and women (p<0.05) and the dominant hand (DH) 2D:4D ratios were found to be lower than non-dominant hand (NDH) 2D:4D ratios in both men and women (p<0.05) It can be said that the 2D:4D ratios may be the effect of determining the hand preference, the grip strength and therefore the strength.