bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
THE HISTORY OF THE CONQUERING OF THE BEING OF AFRICANS THROUGH LAND DISPOSSESSION, EPISTEMICIDE AND PROSELYTISATION
Authors: Lephakga T 
Published: May 2019

This paper examines the role of colonisation in the conquering of the Being of Africans. It is pointed out that the colonisation of Africa became possible only because the churchÂ âˆ’ particularly the Catholic Church and the Protestants âˆ’ gave backing to it. Colonialism and Christianity are often associated because Catholicism and Protestanism were the religions of the colonial powers. Thus Christianity gave moral and ethical foundation to the enslavement of Africans. Colonisation is a concept which involves the idea of organising and arranging, which etymologically means to cultivate or to design. Therefore, it is the contention of this paper that this organising and arranging of colonies had a dire impact on the Being of the African people. Colonisation manifests itself through land dispossession (which in South Africa was given theological backing by the Dutch Reformed Church), epistemicide and proselytisation. Colonisation was informed by the idea of the scramble for Africa, which was blessed and commissioned particularly by the Catholic Church; and the notion of geopolitics of space, according to which the world has been divided by Europeans into two âˆ’ namely the centre (occupied by the Europeans) and the periphery (occupied by non-Europeans). This division was informed by the articulation that â€˜I conquer; therefore I am the sovereignâ€™. Therefore, following the ego conquiro (i.e. I conquer), which was followed by the Cartesian ego Cogito (i.e. I think) then those who possess both the ego conquiro and ego cogito felt justified to colonise those who lacked these. This was felt in Africa through land dispossession, and Africans were forced to go through a violent process which alienated them from their ancestral land. Land is ancestral in the Being of the African people, and therefore any disturbance to the relation between the land and the Africans will result in them losing their Being (or self) âˆ’ becoming pariahs in their ancestral land. This made them a conquered people and empty shells that accepted everything coming their way. It is against this background that the paper will explore the role of colonisation in the conquering of the Being of Africans through land dispossession, epistemicide and proselytisation.
Identifikasi Morfologi Tumbuhan Kantong Semar (Nepenthes Sp.) Sebagai Bahan Ajar Tumbuhan Tingkat Tinggi Di Kawasan Wisata Gunung Galunggung Kabupaten Tasikmalaya
Authors: Putra Rinaldi Rizal , Fitriani Rita 
Published: May 2019

<p><em>Mount Galunggung is one of the </em><em>tourism icons</em><em> in Tasikmalaya</em><em> Regency </em><em>which has highly potential of biodiversity, </em><em>especially in various of plants. In addition to showing the natural tourism, Mount Galunggung is also a media for learning high-level plants for developing science in the university. One of the potential diversity of plants in Mount Galunggung is kantong semar, which is known with botanical name as Nepenthes sp. Nepenthes are known as tropical plants that can live and survive in extreme conditions with low nutrients. These plants are classified into carnivorous plants. This research was aimed to identify various species of Nepenthes in Tasikmalaya Regency based on morphological characters. This research was conducted in February until July 2018, located in Mount Galunggung Tasikmalaya Regency using descriptive and exploratory methods. Data collected were morphological identification of Nepenthes and environment conditions. Morphological identification was carried out by visual observation of organs in Nepenthes such as root, stem, leaf, pitcher, flower, fruit and seed that are expected to give preliminary data that can provide information to determine the classification. The result of this research concluded that only one species of Nepenthes was found in Mount Galunggung and that was included to Nepenthes gymnamphora.</em></p>
Penetapan Awal Bulan Qamariyah dalam Perspektif Maqashid Al-Shari'ah
Authors: Fauzan Ahmad 
Published: May 2019

Penentuan Awal bulan Qamariyah khususnya pada bulan Ramdhan, Idhul Fitri dan Idhul Adha menjadi menarik karena akan ada perbedaan waktu dalam pelaksanaannya. Perbedaan tersebut memunculkan perdebatan antara pemerintah, ormas-ormas dan penganut lainnya. Hampir setiap tahun, di Indonesia terjadi perbedaan dalam penetapan awal Ramadhan dan Syawal. Perbedaan lebaran misalnya, terjadi pada masa Orde Baru pasca hadirnya Badan Hisab dan Rukyat (BHR), yaitu pada tahun 1985, 1992, 1993, dan 1998. Perbedaan ini kembali terulang pada tahun 2002, 2006, 2007, 2010 dan 2011. Penelitian ini menyimpulkan bahwa kecenderungan terjadinya perbedaan disebabkan oleh ketinggian hilal dan pendekatan dalam menentukan bulan baru. Menurut MaqÄá¹£id Al-shariâ€™ah (Jasser Audah) dengan metodenya yaitu nature cognitive, interrelated, wholeness, openess, multi dimentionality dan purposefulness memberikan solusi jika diterapkan dalam penentuan awal bulan Qamariyah sehingga akan menemukan titik temu dalam kemaslahatan yang lebih besar. Tulisan ini berpendapat bahwa pemerintah masih lemah dan kurang tegas dalam memutuskan waktu yang harus diikuti secara bersama tanpa terkecuali. Seharunsya pemerintah sebagai representasi imam atas rakyatnya mempunyai kewajiban, Yaitu pertama, untuk memfasilitasi dan mendukung pelaksanaan ibadah secara totalitas; Kedua, merupakan bentuk tanggung jawab negara kepada rakyatnya untuk menciptakan kebersamaan, dengan meminimalkan perbedaan pendapat dan konflik. Ketiga, mengupayakan terwujudnya kemaslahatan bersama dengan memberbarui kereteria sebagaimana yang dikenal dengan kreteria LAPAN (maslaá¸¥at â€˜Ämmah).
Authors: Khasanah Karimatul 
Published: May 2019

Artikel ini mengkaji Fatwa No.15/DSN-MUI/IX/2000 tentang Prinsip Distribusi Hasil Usaha dalam Lembaga Keuangan Syariah, dimana menurut fatwa ini LKS dapat memilih dua sistem bagi hasil usaha, yaitu profit sharing dan revenue sharing. Hal yang menarik di fatwa ini adalah pada poin kedua menyatakan “Dilihat dari segi kemaslahatan (al-ashlah), saat ini pembagian hasil usaha sebaiknya digunakan prinsip bagi hasil (Net Revenue Sharing)”. Kata “kemaslahatan” dan “sebaiknya” sepertinya memberikan pengaruh besar terhadap sistem distribusi bagi hasil yang dipilih oleh Lembaga Keuangan Syariah saat ini. Hal ini dapat dilihat dari, belum ada Lembaga Keuangan Syariah yang memilih sistem profit sharing dalam hal distribusi bagi hasil usaha. Dengan menggunakan kajian kritis terhadap teori distribusi bagi hasil menurut prinsip syariah, menunjukkan bahwa sistem revenue sharing tidak mencerminkan keadilan kepada para pihak yang bertransaksi, dan prinsip profit sharing lebih mencerminkan keadilan. Oleh karena itu, rekomendasinya fatwa No.15/DSN-MUI/IX/2000 perlu direkonstruksi, dengan menghapus keseluruhan poin kedua yang terdapat dalam ketentuan umum. Perubahan sedikit substansi yang ada di poin kedua fatwa ini, akan besar pengaruhnya terhadap aktivitas dan prinsip yang dipilih oleh LKS ke depan.
PEMAKNAAN RASISME DALAM FILM (ANALISIS RESEPSI FILM GET OUT)
Authors: Ghassani Adlina , Nugroho Catur 
Published: May 2019

Movie is one form of mass communication media which often enjoyed by people. The movie Get Out that is directed by Jordan Peele shows about how is the act of white people discrimination towards black people. This research uses the qualitative method with descriptive type and uses Stuart Hall’s reception analysis approach. Reception analysis views the active audiences which are the viewers and readers to produce and reproduce the meaning in an impression of a media. The purpose of this research is to describe audiences’ interpretation and to know the position of the audiences according to Stuart Hall’s three readership position towards the movie Get Out that shows racism. This research uses paradigm of constructivism. The result of this research shows that audiences meaning of the movie Get Out towards the four informants generates different meaning and out of seven scene analysis units studied, the audiences’ position in their acceptance of the racism in the movie Get Out is dominated by oppositional position. There are also some informant that are in dominant hegemonic position. Where in each scene contains different racism material.

Keywords: Communication; Reception Analysis; Film
RANCANG BANGUN SISTEM INFORMASI PEMBIAYAAN PERJALANAN DINAS PADA DINAS KESEHATAN KOTA PEMATANGSIANTAR
Authors: Girsang Ajeng Christin 
Published: May 2019

Didalam suatu instansi pemerintah perjalanan dinas merupakan suatu kegiatan yang sangat sering dilakukan oleh pegawai ataupun pejabat dalam instansi tersebut. Sehingga sangat diperlukannya laporan pertanggungjawaban dari setiap anggaran yang telah dikeluarkan oleh pemerintah untuk membiayai perjalanan dinas tersebut. Dalam mengolah anggaran dan membuat laporan keuanga Dinas Kesehatan Kota pematangsiantar menggunakan microsoft excel yang menurut penulis kurang efektif dalam penggunaanya. Sehingga salah cara untuk mengatasi hal tersebut penulis merancang suatu sistem menggunakan aplikasi Microsoft Visual Studio 2010 sebagai bahasa pemrograman dan juga menggunakan My Sql sebagai penyimpanan database. Didalam penulisan perancangan ini penulis menggunakan metode perancangan sistem seperti DFD,ERD Normalisasi dan RAT.
RANCANG BANGUN PEMBAYARAN PAJAK BUMI DAN BANGUNAN PADA KANTOR DESA MEKAR BAHALAT
Authors: Khaidir Muhammad 
Published: May 2019

Kemajuan Ilmu Pengetahuan dan Teknologi saat ini sangat berperan penting dalam kehidupan manusia dalam mengerjakan atau menyelesaikan suatu aktivitas perkerjaan sehari-hari, Khususnya dalam Pembayaran Pajak Bumi dan Bangunan pada Desa Mekar Bahalat, yang belum menggunakan sistem dalam melakukan pembayaran pajak bumi dan bagunan disini penulis ingin mengembangkan sistem pembayaran pajak pada kantor tersebut menjadi terkomputerisasi dengan Bahasa Pemrograman Microsoft Visual Studio 2010 dengan database MySql. Oleh karena itu dengan adanya sistem yang dirancang oleh penulis dapat meminimalisir kesalahan yang terjadi dalam pembayaran Pajak dan dapat mengoptimalkan secara efektif dan efisien.
The Role of Intrapleural Lymphotropic Blockades in the Incidence of Respiratory Complications after Surgical Treatment of Lung Cancer
Authors: Dambayev G. Ts. , Shefer N. A. , Sokolovich E. G. 
Published: May 2019

The development of respiratory complications in patients after surgical treatment of lung cancer remains a serious problem, far from being resolved today. Pain remains the main factor that leads to a decrease in respiratory function in the postoperative period.The aim of this study is to evaluate the effect of intrapleural lymphotropic blockades on the incidence of respiratory complications in the postoperative period in patients undergoing surgical treatment of lung cancer.Materials and methods. 103 patients with operable forms of lung cancer, who underwent anatomical lung resection or pneumonectomy, were treated in the Oncology Department of the Tomsk Regional Oncology Center. The patients were divided in two groups. The first group included 52 patients, who were supplemented with intrapleural lymphotropic blockades. The second group consisted of 51 patients who received a standard multimodal scheme of analgesia in the postoperative period. In the postoperative period, we assessed severity of pain in patients, and the frequency and types of respiratory disorders.Results. The analysis of the results revealed a significant decrease in the intensity of pain syndrome the first 12 hours after surgery in the group of patients, who underwent lymphotropic blockade. The analysis of the frequency of respiratory disorders in the study groups also revealed significant reduction in the number of complications in patients in the group with lymphotropic blockade. Acute postoperative pain, that prevents full natural ventilation, plays one of the key roles in the pathogenesis of respiratory complications in patients after surgical treatment of lung cancer.Conclusion. The use of multimodal analgesia of intrapleural lymphotropic blockade in the complex allows to reduce the pain syndrome and provide psycho-emotional comfort of the patient in the early postoperative period, thereby reducing the risk of respiratory disorders.
Therapy of Schizoaffective Disorder and Paranoid Schizophrenia with Episodic Course
Authors: Ivanova L. A. , Vorsina O. P. , Eliseeva T. A. , Frolovа K. A. , Sapozhnikova E. V. 
Published: May 2019

Background. The use of atypical antipsychotics in schizophrenia contributes to the reduction of psychotic, affective, negative and cognitive disorders.Aims. To evaluate the effectiveness of ziprasidone therapy in patients with schizoaffective disorder and paranoid schizophrenia with episodic course.Materials and methods. In accordance with ICD-10 there were 14 (63.6 %) people with schizoaffective disorder (F25), 8 (36.4 %) people with paranoid schizophrenia, episodic course (F20.x1). Treatment with ziprasidone lasted 42 days. The dose of ziprasidone in 6 patients (27.3 %) was 80 mg, in 10 patients (45.5 %) – 120 mg, in 6 patients (27.3 %) – 160 mg. Evaluation of the effectiveness of ziprasidone therapy was carried out using psychometric scales (PANSS, General clinical impression scale to assess the effectiveness of therapy – CGI-S, CGI-I), adverse events were registered with the UKU scale.Results. The number of respondents was 19 (86.3 %) (reduction of the total score on the PANSS scale > 20 % of the pre-treatment level). Ziprasidone was effective in patients with schizoaffective disorder with a significant decrease in total score on PANSS subscales to the 14 th day of therapy (p < 0.05), with paranoid schizophrenia with episodic course – by the 21st day (p < 0.01). According to the CGI-S scale at the end of therapy, “borderline condition” was observed in 10 patients (52.6 %), mild severity – in 3 (15.8 %), normal condition – in 6 (31.6 %). CGI-I scale showed a significant improvement in 10 patients (52.6 %), marked improvement – in 9 patients (47.4 %). Among the mild adverse events that do not require discontinuation of the drug, we noted: weakness – in 3 patients (15.8 %), drowsiness – in 3 (15.8 %), impaired concentration – in 2 (10.5 %), orthostatic dizziness – in 2 (10.5 %), galactorrhea – in 1 (5.3 %).Conclusions. Ziprasidone is an effective antipsychotic drug that has a safe tolerability profile. It can be used in patients with schizoaffective disorders and paranoid schizophrenia with episodic course.
Species and Genetic Diversity of Representatives of the <i>Anaplasmataceae</i> Family Found in the Sympatry Zone of the <i>Ixodes, Dermacentor</i> and <i>Haemaphysalis</i> Genera Ticks
Authors: Doroshchenko E. K. , Lisak O. V. , Rar V. A. , Suntsova O. V. , Savinova Yu. S. , Kozlova I. V. 
Published: May 2019

Introduction.On the territory of the Ekhirit-Bulagatsky district of the Irkutsk region zones of sympatry of four Ixodes ticks species are found, where the species and genetic diversity of infectious agents transmitted through tick bites may be more pronounced than in foci with a mono-dominant type of ticks’ population. In this connection, the study of the species and genetic diversity of representatives of the Anaplasmataceae family in the sympatry zone of the Ixodes ticks of closely related species was of scientific interest.Objective: To study the species and genetic diversity of members of the Anaplasmataceae family in the zones of sympatry of Ixodes ticks Ixodes persulcatus, Dermacentor silvarum, D. nuttalli and Haemaphysalis concinna, to identify the main carriers and potential reservoir hosts of ehrlichia and anaplasma.Methods. In the course of the study, 1106 specimens of adult ticks and 49 samples of small mammalian livers from the Ekhirit-Bulagatsky area were analyzed. Anaplasma and ehrlichia DNA were detected by two-round PCR in the presence of genus- and species-specific primers from the 16S rRNA gene region. The nucleotide sequences of the 16S rRNA gene and the fragment of the groESL operon were identified in some samples. Sequencing was carried out according to the Sanger method. Comparative analysis was performed using the BLASTN program and ClustalW method. Epidemiological data analysis was performed using parametric methods of statistical processing of the material.Results. The DNA of Ehrlichia muris and Anaplasma phagocytophilum were detected in all studied species of ticks in their sympatry area. However, the rate of infection of taiga ticks was significantly higher than that of H. concinna and Dermacentor spp. Potential reservoir hosts of the Anaplasmataceae family members can be classified as Microtus oeconomus, M. gregalis, Myodes rutilus and Sorex spp. When analyzing the nucleotide sequences of the 16S rRNA gene, three genetic variants of anaplasma were detected. The nucleotide sequences of the A. phagocytophilum groESL operon belonged to two genetic groups.
HugeNon-Organ Retroperitoneal Tumor inCombination with aCystoma of Uterine Appendages
Authors: Bogomolov N. I. , Goncharov A. G. , Tomskikh N. N. , Goncharova Y. Y. 
Published: May 2019

The article describes the experience of successful diagnostics and treatment of giant non-organ extraperitoneal tumor combined with a cystoma of uterine appendages.Patient P., 43 years old, was hospitalized in the oncology department, diagnosed with “Abdominal tumor, right ovary?” The state was satisfactory, after palpation of the abdomen, a lumpy formation of a densely elastic consistency, from the womb to the epigastric region, was found. An ultrasound revealed a homogeneous tumor formation 30×28 cm from the border of the uterus to the liver. When performing median laparotomy, a dumbbell-shaped tumor (36×26×20 cm) was found in the retroperitoneal space with involvement of the mesentery of the small intestine, lower horizontal portion of the duodenum, mesentery of the transverse colon, superior mesenteric vessels, aorta and jejunum. In the right appendages, a cystoma 12–15 cm in diameter was found, with inversion and necrosis. Adnexectomy was performed. An express lymph node biopsy revealed cells suspicious for malignancy. The tumor was mobilized and removed as a single unit with retroperitoneal tissue, lymph nodes in combination with resection of 70 cm of the jejunum and fenestrated resection of the duodenum. The resulting gut defect 9×7 cm was sutured with a precision single-row suture. Inter-intestinal anastomosis “endto-end” was formed. Nasointestinal intubation was performed. The abdominal cavity was sutured, and two tubular drainages were installed. The postoperative period was uneventful. The histological conclusion: fibrous histiocytoma of the mesentery of the intestine with malignancy in the center of the node, in the ovary – total hemorrhagic infiltration of all layers, edema. The tumor conference consultation was recommended. After 1.5 years, the patient was admitted with the same clinical picture. During laparotomy, a tumor recurrence was discovered, the nodes of which were located in the retroperitoneal space, in the abdominal cavity with invasion to organs and large vessels. The case was recognized as inoperable, the laparotomic wound was closed completely. Sixteen days after surgery the patient was discharged.
Combined Extended High Spinal Anesthesia and Endotracheal Narcosis: a Clinical Case
Authors: Yakushevsky A. B. , Plekhanov A. N. , Ayusheev A. B. 
Published: May 2019

Background. In recent years, various methods of combined anesthesia during abdominal surgery have been introduced into clinical practice.Aim. To demonstrate the possibilities of a combination of high prolonged spinal anesthesia and endotracheal anesthesia during abdominal surgery.Materials and methods. A clinical case of combined use of high prolonged spinal anesthesia and endotracheal anesthesia in a 48-year-old patient with a tumor in the right half of the ascending part of the right half of the colon is presented.Results. The patient received a puncture of the spinal space at a standard point and was installed a spinal catheter in the cranial direction for 3 cm. An isobaric solution of marcaine in the initial dose of 20 mg was injected into the catheter. The regulation of the development of the block was regulated by the inclination of the head end of the table by 60°. After that endotracheal anesthesia was performed on the basis of fentanyl and propofol. This combination allowed to expand the scope of surgical intervention, provided adequate pain relief intraoperatively and in the postoperative period, without the use of narcotic analgesics. With the appearance of signs of recovery of pain sensitivity, intraoperatively or in the postoperative period, re-introduction of the anesthetic into the spinal catheter was performed in half of the initial dose with liquor barbotage. In the early postoperative period, the patient was on strict bed rest with a head end of the bed raised at 30–45°. The method provides complete segmental blockade and muscle relaxation in the area of operation, stability of central hemodynamics during surgery and in the postoperative period.Conclusion. This type of anesthesia is more easily tolerated by patients, accompanied by early awakening and extubation, characterized by stability of central hemodynamics, reduced risk of complications, the possibility of prolonging anesthesia with lower doses of narcotic analgesics in the intraoperative period, providing high-quality anesthesia in the postoperative period without resorting to the use of narcotic analgesics.
Back Pain in Pregnant Women: Its Origins, Peculiarities of Pathogenesis and Biomechanics
Authors: Fedorov D. V. , Kirgizova O. Yu. 
Published: May 2019

The problem of the back pain in pregnant women is one of the most important in modern medicine. 65–90 % of pregnant women complain of the back pain. The women may have the back pain from the early stages of pregnancy, or it may occur with the growth of the fetus.The causes of the pain during pregnancy are late reproductive age, high body mass index, physical strain, pain during previous pregnancies. Vertebrogenic and pelvic pain in pregnant women can first appear at the beginning of the gestational period. According to various authors, the frequency of such pain is 30–35 %. As a rule, painful neurologic manifestations begin in the third trimester, on average at the 18 th –22 nd week of pregnancy. About a half of women with early manifestation of lumbosacral pain during the pregnancy keep suffering from pain for a year after giving birth. In 20 % of cases, symptomatic pain is felt for 3 years after the delivery. The primary factors causing the pain syndrome is the shift in the centre of gravity due to enlargement of the pregnant uterus of the postural balance. The localization of the pain depending on the peculiarities of the posture can be different. In most of cases the lower back, thoracolumbar passage, sacrum, with the occasional radiation to buttock or pelvic joint, are affected. One of the most common pain syndromes in gynecology is the myofascial syndrome characterized by hyper tonus of the muscles and fasciae and ligaments of the pelvic minor.