bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Low‐grade oncocytic tumour of kidney (CD117‐negative, cytokeratin 7‐positive): a distinct entity?
Authors: Trpkov Kiril , Williamson Sean R , Gao Yuan , Martinek Petr , Cheng Liang , Sangoi Ankur R , Yilmaz Asli , Wang Cheng , San Miguel Fraile Pilar , Perez Montiel Delia M , Bulimbasić Stela , Rogala Joanna , Hes Ondrej 
Published: March 2019

AimTo describe a group of distinct low‐grade oncocytic renal tumours that demonstrate CD117 negative/cytokeratin (CK) 7‐positive immunoprofile.Methods and resultsWe identified 28 such tumours from four large renal tumour archives. We performed immunohistochemistry for: CK7, CD117, PAX8, CD10, AMACR, e‐cadherin, CK20, CA9, AE1/AE3, vimentin, BerEP4, MOC31, CK5/6, p63, HMB45, melan A, CD15 and FH. In 14 cases we performed array CGH, with a successful result in nine cases. Median patient age was 66 years (range 49–78 years) with a male‐to‐female ratio of 1:1.8. Median tumour size was 3 cm (range 1.1–13.5 cm). All were single tumours, solid and tan‐brown, without a syndromic association. On microscopy, all cases showed solid and compact nested growth. There were frequent areas of oedematous stroma with loosely arranged cells. The tumour cells had oncocytic cytoplasm with uniformly round to oval nuclei, but without significant irregularities, and showed only focal perinuclear halos. Negative CD117 and positive CK7 reactivity were present in all cases (in two cases there was focal and very weak CD117 reactivity). Uniform reactivity was found for PAX8, AE1/AE3, e‐cadherin, BerEP4 and MOC31. Negative stains included CA9, CK20, vimentin, CK5/6, p63, HMB45, Melan A and CD15. CD10 and AMACR were either negative or focally positive; FH was retained. On array CGH, there were frequent deletions at 19p13.3 (seven of nine), 1p36.33 (five of nine) and 19q13.11 (four of nine); disomic status was found in two of nine cases. On follow‐up (mean 31.8 months, range 1–118), all patients were alive with no disease progression.ConclusionLow‐grade oncocytic tumours that are CD117‐negative/CK7‐positive demonstrate consistent and readily recognisable morphology, immunoprofile and indolent behaviour.
The Enigmas of Rehabilitation and Resettlement: Forms of Capital, Desistance and the Contextualisation of Carceral‐Community Offender Transitions
Authors: MOORE ROGER 
Published: March 2019

AbstractIn England and Wales the government project of Transforming Rehabilitation (TR) has raised even further the profiles of rehabilitation and resettlement in penal policy. However, the question of what rehabilitation and resettlement precisely mean has once again been glossed over. This article returns to these problematics and asks whether, in the context of post‐carceral transitions, concepts of social and human capital might have wider resonance in penal policy. It is argued that the work of Bourdieu may have much to offer in reframing the delivery of rehabilitation and resettlement programmes for offenders faced with the diverse challenges of societal return.
Challenges in the treatment of psoriasis with biologics: vaccination, history of malignancy, human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection, and pediatric psoriasis
Authors: Plachouri Kerasia‐Maria , Georgiou Sophia 
Published: March 2019

AbstractBiologics are potent immunomodulatory drugs, whose application in the treatment of psoriasis has shown extremely good therapeutic results and a satisfactory safety profile. The administration of these agents in special cases, such as in patients with HIV infection, previous malignancy, unclear vaccination status as well as children, can be challenging. This report is an updated systematic review of the use of biologics in the above‐mentioned groups. Articles derived from the databases PubMed, EMBASE, and SCOPUS, and published between 1989 and 2018, were analyzed for this study. The existing evidence is not in all cases sufficient in order to provide adequate insight on the management of these complex situations. The aim of this report is to present a summarized update on the knowledge of this special topic so far and to draw into attention the need to conduct more systematic studies so as to clarify the best therapeutic strategies for these special patient groups when it comes to the use of biologics.
Natural history of a systemic right ventricle
Authors: Lee Jean , Ruygrok Peter N. , Gerber Ivor L. , Finucane A. Kirsten 
Published: March 2019

AbstractThe natural history of a systemic right ventricle after an atrial switch procedure has yet to be fully characterised. We describe the case of the longest surviving patient at our institution who underwent a Mustard Baffle correction for dextro‐transposition of great arteries in childhood. Over following decades he was reviewed regularly with deteriorating systemic right ventricle function. At around 50 years of age he developed worsening heart failure on maximal medical therapy. He was subsequently assessed for cardiac transplantation which he underwent successfully at the age of 55 years.
Origins of CD4+ circulating and tissue‐resident memory T‐cells
Authors: Nguyen Quynh P. , Deng Tianda Z. , Witherden Deborah A. , Goldrath Ananda W. 
Published: March 2019

SummaryIn response to infection, naive CD4+ T‐cells proliferate and differentiate into several possible effector subsets, including conventional T helper effector cells (TH1, TH2, TH17), T regulatory cells (Treg) and T follicular helper cells (TFH). Once infection is cleared, a small population of long‐lived memory cells remains that mediate immune defenses against reinfection. Memory T lymphocytes have classically been categorized into central memory cell (TCM) and effector memory cell (TEM) subsets, both of which circulate between blood, secondary lymphoid organs and in some cases non‐lymphoid tissues. A third subset of memory cells, referred to as tissue‐resident memory cells (TRM), resides in tissues without recirculation, serving as ‘first line’ of defense at barrier sites, such as skin, lung and intestinal mucosa, and augmenting innate immunity in the earliest phases of reinfection and recruiting circulating CD4+ and CD8+ T‐cells. The presence of multiple CD4+ T helper subsets has complicated studies of CD4+ memory T‐cell differentiation, and the mediators required to support their function. In this review, we summarize recent investigations into the origins of CD4+ memory T‐cell populations and discuss studies addressing CD4+ TRM differentiation in barrier tissues.
Near infrared mechanoluminescence from Sr3Sn2O7: Nd3+for in situ biomechanical sensor and dynamic pressure mapping
Authors: Xiong Puxian , Peng Mingying , Cao Jiangkun , Li Xueliang 
Published: March 2019

AbstractMechanoluminescence (ML) is a phenomenon upon external mechanical stimuli and it has found diverse applications such as stress sensing, structure health diagnosis, 3‐D signature, energy harvesting etc because of its unique properties of in situ and real‐time response to the stimuli. However, ML of most of the state‐of‐art phosphors primarily appears within the spectral range from ultraviolet to visible, which does not lie in the biological transparent windows, and, therefore, limits its applications in biological field. Here, we report a strong near infrared (NIR) ML from orthorhombicCmcmperovskite Sr3Sn2O7: Nd3+, which is peaked at ~ 900 nm and located exactly within the first optical transparent window of tissues. The ML apparates after gradual discharge of the traps deeper than 0.73 eV triggered by the external mechanical stimuli and subsequently excitation of Nd3+to the state of4F3/2. The rechargable ML presents well repeatable linearity to loaded force at least up to 5000 N, and it can penetrate tissues easily that are thick up to 30 mm such as pigskin and the ceramic disk of hydroxy apatite which is the main constituent of bone. These results demonstrate the potential application for in situ biomechanical sensor. Meanwhile, by recording and processing these ML signals during signing on a pellet sample, for the first time, we provide a novel signature system based on NIR ML. This could raise the security level of existed signature anti‐countering to a higher level.
rSJYB1 inhibits collagen type I protein expression in hepatic stellate cells via down‐regulating activity of collagen α1 (I) promoter
Authors: Chen Liuting , Ji Zhaodong , Duan Lian , Zhu Dandan , Chen Jinling , Sun Xiaolei , Yu Yang , Duan Yinong 
Published: March 2019

AbstractYB1 is a negative regulator in liver fibrosis. We wondered whether SJYB1, a homologous protein of YB1 from Schistosoma japonicum, has an effect on liver fibrosis in vitro. Recombinant SJYB1 (rSJYB1) protein was expressed in a bacterial system and purified by Ni‐NTA His·Bind Resin. A human hepatic stellate cell line, the LX‐2 cell line, was cultured and treated with rSJYB1. The role of rSJYB1 on LX‐2 cells was then analysed by Western blot and luciferase assay. We succeeded in expressing and purifying SJYB1 in a bacterial system and the purified rSJYB1 could be recognized by S japonicum‐infected rabbit sera. Western bolt analysis showed that rSJYB1 inhibited the expression of collagen type I, but had little effect on α‐smooth muscle actin (α‐SMA). Further analysis revealed that rSJYB1 inhibited the activity of collagen α1 (I) (COL1A1) promoter and functioned at −1592/−1176 region of COL1A1 promoter. Our data demonstrate that rSJYB1‐mediated anti‐fibrotic activity involves inhibiting the activity of COL1A1 promoter and subsequently suppressing the expression of collagen type I in hepatic stellate cells.
Importance of out‐of‐pocket costs for adult patients with atopic dermatitis in France
Authors: Launois R. , Ezzedine K. , Cabout E. , Reguai Z. , Merrhand S. , Heas S. , Seneschal J. , Misery L. , Taieb C. 
Published: March 2019

AbstractBackgroundCurrently, few studies investigated the economic burden of atopic dermatitis (AD) in adult patients and specifically the estimation of out‐of‐pocket costs. Patients with skin disorders primarily use comfort care to ease dryness, itch or pain, and the costs of comfort care are not subject to any reimbursement from mandatory or complementary insurance.ObjectiveThe purpose of this study was to measure the medical and non‐medical expenses paid by the patient.MethodsEczema Cohort Longitudinal Adults was a non‐interventional study that aimed to assess the burden of AD in terms of quality of life and financial consequences. A self‐assessment questionnaire was distributed to adult patients who were cared in four French hospitals. Patients were asked to list the resources consumed for the treatment of AD during the last 12 months and to estimate the corresponding amount of money they had to pay out of their own pockets. The severity of AD was subjected to a stratification based on the PO‐SCORAD score.ResultsA total of 1024 patients answered the questionnaire: 31.9% with severe AD, 40.4% with moderate AD and 27.6% with mild AD. The mean annual out‐of‐pocket cost was €462.1 for severe AD and €247.4 for moderate AD. Emollients were the most commonly used product: 74.4% for an average out‐of‐pocket cost of €151.4. The out‐of‐pocket costs increased significantly with the severity: 27% of patients with severe AD declared having bought specially textured clothes, while 19% of patients with moderate AD reported the same. The corresponding mean out‐of‐pocket costs were €162 and €91, respectively.ConclusionThe amount of out‐of‐pocket costs for patients with AD for essential medical and non‐medical expenses is relatively high, compared to the average out‐of‐pocket cost for French households. Integration of these essential resources into the list of reimbursed products and services appears necessary for a better coverage of AD.
Effects of Multicomponent Exercise on Frailty in Long‐Term Nursing Homes: A Randomized Controlled Trial
Authors: Arrieta Haritz , Rezola‐Pardo Chloe , Gil Susana M. , Virgala Janire , Iturburu Miren , Antón Iván , González‐Templado Vanesa , Irazusta Jon , Rodriguez‐Larrad Ana 
Published: March 2019

OBJECTIVESTo determine the effect of multicomponent exercise on frailty and related adverse outcomes in residents of long‐term nursing homes (LTNHs).DESIGNA single‐blind randomized controlled trial.SETTINGTen LTNHs in Gipuzkoa, Spain.PARTICIPANTSThe study sample comprised 112 men and women aged 70 years or older who scored 50 or higher on the Barthel Index, 20 or higher on the MEC‐35 test (an adapted and validated version of the Mini‐Mental State Examination in Spanish), and who were capable of standing up and walking independently for at least 10 m.INTERVENTIONSubjects in the control group (CG) participated in routine activities. The intervention group (IG) participated in a 6‐month program of individualized and progressive multicomponent exercise at moderate intensity.MEASUREMENTSFrailty was assessed by four different scales at baseline and at 6 months. The Barthel Index was measured at baseline and at 12 months. Frailty‐related adverse outcomes were recorded from 12 months before to 12 months after starting the intervention.RESULTSA lower prevalence of frailty was observed in the IG compared with the CG according to Fried's frailty phenotype, Short Physical Performance Battery, and Tilburg Frailty Indicator after 6 months (p < .05). There was a decline in the CG on the Barthel Index after 12 months (p < .05), whereas score was maintained in the IG. Both groups experienced a similar number of falls before and after the intervention (p > .05), but during the 6‐month intervention period, fewer falls were observed in the IG than the CG (p < .05). Lower overall mortality was observed 12 months after starting the intervention for the IG than the CG (1 vs 6, respectively; p = .05).CONCLUSIONIndividualized and progressive multicomponent exercise at moderate intensity seems to be effective to prevent falls and reduce frailty and mortality.
U.S. STATE AND LOCAL FISCAL POLICY AND ECONOMIC ACTIVITY: DO WE KNOW MORE NOW?
Authors: Rickman Dan , Wang Hongbo 
Published: March 2019

AbstractEarly reviews of the academic literature on the economic effects of state and local taxes and expenditures suggested that not enough was known upon which to base policy. The reviews called for better data and improvements in empirical methodology. This paper reviews studies conducted since the early literature reviews to assess our current state of knowledge. The conclusion of the study is that we know more now. But our knowledge is unlikely to ever be sufficient to provide universal policy guidance. Rather, we suggest that more research is needed on specific state and local policies for specific circumstances, consistent with the general principles that guide place‐based policy.
Does Stress Mediate the Association Between Emotional Intelligence and Life Satisfaction During Adolescence?
Authors: Schoeps Konstanze , Montoya‐Castilla Inmaculada , Raufelder Diana 
Published: March 2019

ABSTRACTBACKGROUNDBased on Mayer and Salovey's model of emotional intelligence, this study examined whether perceived stress mediates the interplay of emotional intelligence and life satisfaction for girls and boys during early and middle adolescence.METHODSUsing multigroup structural equation modeling with questionnaire data from a sample of Spanish adolescent students (N = 800; MAgeT1 = 14.02, MAgeT2 = 15.00, SD = 1.21) in 2 waves (T1 = March 2015; T2 = December 2015).RESULTSResults of multigroup structural equation modeling indicated no group differences between boys and girls in early adolescence (7th and 8th grade) and middle adolescence (9th and 10th grade), as stress function as mediator between emotional intelligence and life satisfaction for all groups. However, latent mean comparison indicated that girls not only perceive and understand emotions better than boys, but they also perceive higher amounts of stress at an older age.CONCLUSIONResults indicate the potential risk of perceived stress that might drop the protective effect of emotional intelligence on life satisfaction. These findings have implications for future research and educational practice considering combined prevention programs for adolescent's health and well‐being.
Clinical significance of fatal laryngeal stridor in fatal familial insomnia
Authors: Fukuoka Takuya , Kawasaki Hitoshi , Nakazato Yoshihiko , Takahashi Kazushi , Ikeda Kei , Furuya Tomotsugu , Miyake Akifumi , Mitsufuji Takashi , Ito Yasuo , Araki Nobuo , Yamamoto Toshimasa 
Published: March 2019

AbstractBackgroundFatal familial insomnia (FFI) is characterized by numerous signs and symptoms, including progressive insomnia; dysautonomia and endocrine disturbances; and motor disturbances such as myoclonus, ataxia, parkinsonism, spasticity, dysarthria, and dysphagia. Mental health and behavioral changes include impaired concentration and memory, as well as confusion and hallucinations. FFI patients frequently die due to secondary infections and sudden insomnia‐induced death. To date, laryngeal stridor has not been fully investigated in FFI patients.AimThis study aims to clarify the mechanism of laryngeal stridor in patients with FFI.MethodsWe retrospectively analyzed the clinical records of two FFI patients.ResultsTwo men (age: 58 and 61 years) were diagnosed with FFI. They showed laryngeal stridor, swallowing dysfunction, and respiratory failure. They required mechanical ventilation, followed by a tracheostomy.ConclusionLaryngeal stridor in FFI was not previously investigated in detail. If laryngeal stridor occurs in awake FFI patients, emergency tracheostomy should be performed.
Juvenile/adult‐onset galactosialidosis with remarkable clinical variabilities in two Japanese siblings
Authors: Tsukagoshi Setsuki , Sugawara Takashi , Fujisawa Yousuke , Takayama Mayuko , Furuta Natsumi , Nagashima Kazuaki , Ikeda Yoshio 
Published: March 2019

AbstractGalactosialidosis is caused by mutations in the cathepsin A (CTSA) gene. We clinically and genetically examined two Japanese siblings with juvenile/adult‐onset galactosialidosis. Case 1‐1: A 39‐year‐old man was diagnosed as having mental retardation and epilepsy at 6 years. His visual acuity was impaired when he was 31 years, ophthalmological examination found cherry‐red spots in both eyes. Neurological examination revealed cerebellar ataxia, limb weakness, and myoclonus. Cerebral MRI showed diffuse cerebro‐cerebellar atrophy. Case 1‐2: A 36‐year‐old man at examination complained of impaired visual acuity when he was 29 years, cherry‐red spots were found in both eyes. Neurological examination revealed only occasional myoclonus. Genetic analysis confirmed a homozygous mutation (IVS7DS, A‐G, +3) in the CTSA gene in both cases. This mutation is known to cause juvenile/adult‐onset galactosialidosis only found in Japanese. Remarkable clinical differences among sibling cases were rare and prompted to reassess our understanding of the pathogenesis of galactosialidosis.
Diacylglycerol kinase and associated lipid mediators modulate rice root architecture
Authors: Yuan Shu , Kim Sang‐Chul , Deng Xianjun , Hong Yueyun , Wang Xuemin 
Published: March 2019

SummaryDiacylglycerol kinase (DGK) phosphorylates diacylglycerol (DAG) to generate phosphatidic acid (PA), and bothDAGandPAare lipid mediators in the cell. Here we show thatDGK1 in rice (Oryza sativa) plays important roles in root growth and development.Two independentOsDGK1‐knockout (dgk1) lines exhibited a higher density of lateral roots (LRs) and thinner seminal roots (SRs), whereasOsDGK1‐overexpressing plants displayed a lowerLRdensity and thickerSRsthan wild‐type (WT) plants.Overexpression ofOsDGK1led to a decline in theDGKsubstrateDAGwhereas specificPAspecies decreased indgk1roots. Supplementation ofDAGtoOsDGK1‐overexpressing seedlings restored theLRdensity andSRthickness whereas application ofPAtodgk1seedlings restored theLRdensity andSRthickness to those of theWT. In addition, treatment of rice seedlings with theDGKinhibitor R59022 increased the level ofDAGand decreasedPA, which also restored the root phenotype ofOsDGK1‐overexpressing seedlings close to that of theWT.Together, these results indicate thatDGK1 and associated lipid mediators modulate rice root architecture;DAGpromotesLRformation and suppressesSRgrowth whereasPAsuppressesLRnumber and promotesSRthickness.
Biomechanical Comparison of Three Internal Fixation Techniques for Stabilizing Posterior Pelvic Ring Disruption: A 3D Finite Element Analysis
Authors: Hu Pan , Wu Tao , Wang Hui‐zhi , Qi Xin‐zheng , Yao Jie , Cheng Xiao‐dong , Chen Wei , Zhang Ying‐ze 
Published: March 2019

ObjectiveTo compare the biomechanical stability and compatibility of two iliosacral screws (ISS), a tension band plate (TBP), and a minimally invasive adjustable plate (MIAP) for treating Tile C pelvic fractures.MethodsThree groups of finite element models of the intact pelvis, including the main ligament and the proximal one‐third of both femurs, were developed to simulate vertical sacral fractures and treated with the three abovementioned internal fixation techniques. A 500 N vertical load, a 500 N vertical load plus a 10 Nm moment of forward sagittal direction, and 500 N vertical load plus a 10 Nm moment of right lateral direction were applied to the sacrum to simulate standing status, bending status, and flexion status, respectively. The maximum displacement value, the stress value, and the stress value of the fracture interface were compared among the three internal fixation techniques.ResultsThe results showed that all three internal fixation techniques effectively restored the biomechanical transmission of the injured pelvis. The stress on the implants in the TBP model was 167.47% and 53.41% higher than that in the ISS model and the MIAP model, respectively, and the stress shielding phenomenon of the TBP model was more obvious than in the other two models. Meanwhile, the stress between the fracture interfaces in the TBP fixation models was apparently higher than that in the other two models. However, the vertical displacement of the MIAP model was not significantly different from that in the ISS and TBP model; therefore, strong fixation could be obtained in all three models.ConclusionBased on our results, we believe that the stability of Tile C pelvic fracture fixed with MIAP was similar to that of fractures fixed with ISS and TBP, but the stress shielding phenomenon and safety of implants in the TBP models were inferior to those in the MIAP and ISS fixation models. Meanwhile, MIAP and ISS fixation were more helpful to the healing processing than was TBP fixation, especially at the fracture interface of the second and third vertebral body levels.