bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Electrochemically Driven Coordination Tuning of FeOOH Integrated on Carbon Fiber Paper for Enhanced Oxygen Evolution
Authors: Han Xiaotong , Yu Chang , Yang Juan , Song Xuedan , Zhao Changtai , Li Shaofeng , Zhang Yan , Huang Huawei , Liu Zhibin , Huang Hongling , Tan Xinyi , Qiu Jieshan 
Published: April 2019

AbstractCoordination tuning of catalysts is a highly effective strategy for activating and improving the intrinsic activity. Herein, a Co‐engineered FeOOH catalyst integrated on carbon fiber paper (Co‐FeOOH/CFP) is reported, which realized a great improvement of the oxygen evolution activity by tuning the coordination geometry of the Fe species with an electrochemically driven method. Experiments and theoretical calculation demonstrate that the FeO bonds of FeOOH are partially broken, which is rooted in the Co incorporation, thus resulting in unsaturated FeO6 ligand structures and a relatively narrow bandgap. Consequently, the reorganized Fe sites on the surface show an enhanced capability for adsorbing OH− species and the Co‐FeOOH exhibits an improved conductivity. As expected, the Co‐FeOOH/CFP hybrids exhibit an extremely low overpotential of ≈250 mV at 10 mA cm−2 and a small Tafel slope, which far outperforms that of electrochemically sluggish FeOOH. The present work emphasizes the importance of local Fe coordination in catalysis and provides an in‐depth insight into the mechanism of the enhanced catalytic activity.
Interlayer Hydrogen‐Bonded Metal Porphyrin Frameworks/MXene Hybrid Film with High Capacitance for Flexible All‐Solid‐State Supercapacitors
Authors: Zhao Weiwei , Peng Jiali , Wang Weikang , Jin Beibei , Chen Tiantian , Liu Shujuan , Zhao Qiang , Huang Wei 
Published: April 2019

Abstract2D metal‐porphyrin frameworks (MPFs) are attractive for advanced energy storage devices. However, the inferior conductivity and low structural stability of MPFs seriously limit their application as flexible free‐standing electrodes with high performance. Here, for the first time, an interlayer hydrogen‐bonded MXene/MPFs film is proposed to overcome these disadvantages by intercalation of highly conductive MXene nanosheets into MPFs nanosheets via a vacuum‐assisted filtration technology. The alternant insertion of MXene and MPFs affords 3D interconnected “MPFs‐to‐MXene‐to‐MPFs” conductive networks to accelerate the ionic/electronic transport rates. Meanwhile, the interlayer hydrogen bonds (F···HO and O···HO) contribute a high chemical stability due to a favorable tolerance to volume change caused by phase separation and structural collapse during the charge/discharge process. The synergistic effect makes MXene/MPFs film deliver a capacitance of 326.1 F g−1 at 0.1 A g−1, 1.64 F cm−2 at 1 mA cm−2, 694.2 F cm−3 at 1 mA cm−3 and a durability of about 30 000 cycles. The flexible symmetric supercapacitor shows an areal capacitance of 408 mF cm−2, areal energy density of 20.4 µW h cm−2, and capacitance retention of 95.9% after 7000 cycles. This work paves an avenue for the further exploration of 2D MOFs in flexible energy storage devices.
Morphometric, phylogenetic and biogeographic analyses ofPyrularia(Santalales), a parasitic disjunct lineage between eastern Asia and eastern North America
Authors: Zhou Zhuo , Hu Jin‐Jin , Wen Jun , Sun Hang 
Published: April 2019

AbstractPyrulariais a small parasitic genus of the Santalales with two to five species exhibiting a well‐known classical intercontinental disjunct distribution between eastern Asia (EA) and eastern North America (ENA).Pyrulariaand another santalaceous genusBuckleyarepresent the only two parasitic plant lineages with the EA–ENA disjunction. The present study was carried out to assess the species number and molecular and morphological differentiation inPyrularia, and to reconstruct the biogeography of thePyrulariaclade (Pyrulariaand its close allies) using dating and biogeographic inferences. A phylogenetic analysis based on two nuclear and seven plastid markers strongly supported the monophyly ofPyrulariaand revealed two highly distinct subclades corresponding to EA and ENA within the genus. Incongruent topologies within the eastern Asian lineage were found between the nuclear and the plastid datasets, which may be attributed to incomplete lineage sorting. Morphometric and phylogenetic analyses suggest thatPyrulariain eastern Asia may best be treated as a single species,P. edulis. Molecular dating based on four markers suggested that the divergence time between the intercontinental species was in the late Miocene at 5.58 Ma (95% HPD: 2.08–11.72 Ma), which was close to the split of the trans‐Pacific clades within the other parasitic EA–ENA disjunct genusBuckleya. The EA–ENA disjunction in the only two parasitic genera may have resulted from the fragmentation of the mesophytic temperate forests in the late Miocene. ThePyrulariaclade (including the close allies ofPyrularia) was inferred to have originated in Africa, then dispersed to Asia, and subsequently to North America via the Bering land bridge, resulting in the current intercontinental EA–ENA distribution ofPyrularia.
Japan’s Rejuvenation and the US-China Divide
Authors: Teo Victor 
Published: April 2019

AbstractJapan’s normalization and rejuvenation currently hinges on the strengthening of the US-Japan security alliance, the revision of the constitution, and socializing Japanese society to reframe their historical perspective and social norms away from pacifism to support Japan’s military reorientation. Tokyo faces resistance and inertia from the nation’s pacifist traditions and democratic culture that prevents the revision of the constitution or the sustained support of JSDF deployments abroad. Externally, Japan risks falling into the trap of being chain-ganged right into the center of a hegemonic struggle between the US and China. Using Southeast Asia as a case study, the chapter argues that Japan should rise above the hegemonic contention and help Southeast Asia develop, paving the way for a renewed engagement with its neighbors. In doing so, Japan can secure the necessary political support and respect for its forthcoming rejuvenation as a global power.
Peacekeepers But Not Quite Peacebuilders: Japan’s Evolving Role in the Middle East Peace Process
Authors: Teo Victor 
Published: April 2019

AbstractEven though the rejuvenation of Japan calls for a greater role for Japan in international affairs, the extent to which Japan is able to do this in the Middle East is still relatively constrained. Japan seems to be focused on the traditional dimensions of “peacekeeping,” with its efforts concentrated on traditional elements of military support and humanitarian intervention. This kind of single-minded focus, however, appears to stymie the realization of a bigger potential role Japan could be well equipped to play. The chapter raises the question as to why Japan is unable or unwilling to play a greater role in the mediation of the Arab-Israeli conflict, given that Japan’s national interests are closely tied to the Middle East. This chapter explores and assesses past and recent Japanese efforts, particularly since Prime Minister Abe came to power, to become a dominant political power in its own right as a peacemaker.
Stable N-acetyltransferase Mpr1 improves ethanol productivity in the sake yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae
Authors: Ohashi Masataka , Nasuno Ryo , Watanabe Daisuke , Takagi Hiroshi 
Published: April 2019

Abstract
N-Acetyltransferase Mpr1 was originally discovered as an enzyme that detoxifies l-azetidine-2-carboxylate through its N-acetylation in the yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae Σ1278b. Mpr1 protects yeast cells from oxidative stresses possibly by activating a novel l-arginine biosynthesis. We recently constructed a stable variant of Mpr1 (N203K) by a rational design based on the structure of the wild-type Mpr1 (WT). Here, we examined the effects of N203K on ethanol fermentation of the sake yeast S. cerevisiae strain lacking the MPR1 gene. When N203K was expressed in the diploid Japanese sake strain, its fermentation performance was improved compared to WT. In a laboratory-scale brewing, a sake strain expressing N203K produced more ethanol than WT. N203K also affected the contents of flavor compounds and organic acids. These results suggest that the stable Mpr1 variant contributes to the construction of new industrial yeast strains with improved fermentation ability and diversity of taste and flavor.
Semantic Awareness for Skeptical Pragmatic Invariantism
Authors: Kyriacou Christos 
Published: April 2019

AbstractAn argument often leveled against skeptical invariantism (SI) is – what we may call – ‘the argument from semantic awareness’. Roughly, the argument suggests that ordinary agents are not aware of the meaning of ‘know’ that SI proposes. Given that the semantic intuitions of ordinary agents are generally reliable, this implies that SI is implausible as a theory of ‘know’. Therefore, SI should be rejected. In this paper, I focus on the stronger extant formulation of the argument and explore how SI could, in principle, be rendered coherent with the argument (even if SI is not to be considered overall plausible). To this effect, I suggest an overlookedsemantically externalistmodel of meaning and semantic awareness of ‘know’ that renders SI coherent with ‘the argument from semantic awareness’. The goal of the paper is modest. It is not to defend, let alone vindicate SI, but to indicate that SI is coherent with ‘the argument from semantic awareness’ in light of an externalist account of meaning and semantic awareness. I demur about the matter of the overall plausibility of SI.
Effect of Calsporin® (Bacillus subtilisC-3102) addition to the diet on faecal quality and nutrient digestibility in healthy adult dogs
Authors: Schauf S. , Nakamura N. , Castrillo C. 
Published: April 2019

SummaryThis study evaluated the effect ofBacillus subtilisC-3102 (Calsporin®) addition to the diet on faecal characteristics and nutrient digestibility in healthy adult dogs. Sixteen Beagles received either a low-energy control diet (CON; 3.35 Mcal metabolisable energy (ME)/kg with 21.8, 27.9, and 50.3% ME as protein, fat, and nitrogen-free extractives (NFE), respectively) or the same diet supplemented withBacillus subtilisat 1 × 109CFU/kg diet as probiotic (PRO) for four weeks in a parallel design (eight dogs per diet). In the prior two weeks, all dogs received a high-energy diet (Advance Medium Adult, Affinity Petcare®, 3.81 Mcal ME/kg ME with 24.8, 41.2, and 34% ME protein, fat, and NFE, respectively). Faecal consistency, dry matter (DM), pH, and NH3were analysed on fresh samples collected at the start and weekly throughout the study. Additional samples were collected for the determination of lactate and short-chain fatty acids (SCFA) on days 0 and 21. In week four, a five–day total faecal collection was conducted in six dogs from each diet for the determination of nutrient apparent digestibility. Dogs fed the PRO diet had more firm faeces (P = 0.011) than control dogs and a higher faecal DM content in the first two weeks (P < 0.05). Feeding the PRO diet resulted in a decline in NH3over four weeks (P = 0.05) and in faecal pH in the first two weeks (P < 0.05) alongside an increase in SCFA content (P = 0.044), mainly acetate (P = 0.024). Faecal lactate did not differ between diets (P > 0.10). Dogs fed the PRO diet showed a higher apparent digestibility of fat (P = 0.031) and NFE (P = 0.038) compared to control dogs. Dog food supplementation with Calsporin®at 1 × 109CFU/kg improved faecal quality, enhanced fat and carbohydrate digestibility, and contributed to the gut health of dogs by reducing gut ammonia and increasing SCFA content.
A TAIL CONE VERSION OF THE HALPERN–LÄUCHLI THEOREM AT A LARGE CARDINAL
Authors: ZHANG JING 
Published: April 2019

AbstractThe classical Halpern–Läuchli theorem states that for any finite coloring of a finite product of finitely branching perfect trees of height ω, there exist strong subtrees sharing the same level set such that tuples in the product of the strong subtrees consisting of elements lying on the same level get the same color. Relative to large cardinals, we establish the consistency of a tail cone version of the Halpern–Läuchli theorem at a large cardinal (see Theorem 3.1), which, roughly speaking, deals with many colorings simultaneously and diagonally. Among other applications, we generalize a polarized partition relation on rational numbers due to Laver and Galvin to one on linear orders of larger saturation.
SOLVABLE CROSSED PRODUCT ALGEBRAS REVISITED
Authors: BROWN CHRISTIAN , PUMPLÜN SUSANNE 
Published: April 2019

AbstractFor any central simple algebra over a field F which contains a maximal subfield M with non-trivial automorphism group G = AutF(M), G is solvable if and only if the algebra contains a finite chain of subalgebras which are generalized cyclic algebras over their centers (field extensions of F) satisfying certain conditions. These subalgebras are related to a normal subseries of G. A crossed product algebra F is hence solvable if and only if it can be constructed out of such a finite chain of subalgebras. This result was stated for division crossed product algebras by Petit and overlaps with a similar result by Albert which, however, was not explicitly stated in these terms. In particular, every solvable crossed product division algebra is a generalized cyclic algebra over F.
Addressing Health System Values in Health Technology Assessment: The Use of Evidence-Informed Deliberative Processes
Authors: Oortwijn Wija , Klein Philip 
Published: April 2019

AbstractHealth technology assessment (HTA) is increasingly used around the globe to inform resource allocation decisions. Furthermore, the importance of using explicit and transparent criteria for coverage decision making in line with health system values has been acknowledged. However, the values of a health system are often not explicitly taken into account in the HTA process. This situation influences the allocation of scarce resources and could lead to a discord between the HTA outcome and the values of the health system. We describe how evidence-informed deliberative processes (EDPs) can help to improve this situation. EDPs are integrating two theoretical frameworks; multi-criteria decision-analysis and accountability for reasonableness. Through the use of EDPs, HTA agencies can ensure that health system values are more explicitly and consistently taken into account in the HTA process, enhancing the legitimacy of coverage decisions.
Half-eigenvalues of elliptic operators
Authors: Rynne Bryan P. 
Published: April 2019

Suppose that L is a second-order self-adjoint elliptic partial differential operator on a bounded domain Ω ⊂ Rn, n ≥ 2, and a, b ∈ L∞(Ω). If the equation Lu = au+ − bu− + λu (where λ ∈ R and u±(x) = max{±u(x), 0}) has a non-trivial solution u, then λ is said to be a half-eigenvalue of (L; a, b). In this paper, we obtain some general properties of the half-eigenvalues of (L; a, b) and also show that, generically, the half-eigenvalues are ‘simple’.We also consider the semilinear problem

where f : Ω × R → R is a Carathéodory function such that, for a.e. x ∈ Ω,

and we relate the solvability properties of this problem to the location of the half-eigenvalues of (L; a, b).
Evidence of a care home effect on antibiotic prescribing for those that transition into a care home: a national data linkage study
Authors: Patterson L. , Maguire A. , Cardwell C. , Kee F. , Hughes C. , Geoghegan L. , Doherty L. , Dolan M. , Verlander N. Q. , O'Reilly D. 
Published: April 2019

AbstractWe compared antibiotic prescribing to older people in different settings to inform antibiotic stewardship interventions. We used data linkage to stratify individuals aged 65 years and over in Northern Ireland, 1st January 2012–31st December 2013, by residence: community dwelling, care home dwelling or ‘transitioned’ if admitted to a care home. The odds of being prescribed an antibiotic by residence were analysed using logistic regression, adjusting for patient demographics and selected medication use (proxy for co-morbidities). Trends in monthly antibiotic prescribing were examined in the 6 months pre- and post-admission to the care home. The odds of being prescribed at least one antibiotic were twofold higher in care homes compared with community dwellers (adjusted odds ratio 2.05, 95% CI 1.93–2.17). There was a proportionate increase of 51.5% in the percentage prescribed an antibiotic on admission, with a monthly average of 23% receiving an antibiotic in the 6 months post admission. While clinical need likely accounts for some of the observed antibiotic prescribing in care homes we cannot rule out more liberal prescribing, given the twofold difference between care home residents and their community dwelling peers having accounted for co-morbidities. The appropriateness of antibiotic prescribing in the care home setting should be examined.
Learning to “Play the Game as Men Do”: How the General Federation of Women’s Clubs Brought Political Science to Women
Authors: Yanus Alixandra B. 
Published: April 2019

ABSTRACTMuch has been written about efforts to expand women’s social, cultural, and political representation, roles, and opportunities. However, as political scientists, we have done little to document the early history of incorporating women into the discipline. This article illustrates how the General Federation of Women’s Clubs (GFWC) established the study of politics as an acceptable course of baccalaureate study for women: first, by crafting a model curriculum; second, by advocating for the creation of endowed chairs in political science at women’s colleges; and, third, by publishing in scholarly outlets. The GFWC’s efforts can be viewed as the first steps to the incorporation of women into the discipline—a question that continues to be the subject of much analysis and consternation by professional associations and the academic community.
A Diagenesis Model for Geomechanical Simulations: Formulation and Implications for Pore Pressure and Development of Geological Structures
Authors: Obradors‐Prats J. , Rouainia M. , Aplin A. C. , Crook A. J. L. 
Published: April 2019

AbstractForward basin modeling is routinely used in many geological applications, with the critical limitation that chemical diagenetic reactions are often neglected or poorly represented. Here, a new, temperature‐dependent, kinetic diagenesis model is formulated and implemented within a hydromechanical framework. The model simulates the macroscopic effects of diagenesis on (1) porosity loss, (2) sediment strength, (3) sediment stiffness and compressibility, (4) change in elastic properties, (5) increase in tensile strength due to cementation, and (6) overpressure generation. A brief overview of the main diagenetic reactions relevant to basin modeling is presented and the model calibration procedure is demonstrated using published data for the Kimmeridge Clay Formation. The calibrated model is used to show the implications of diagenesis on prediction of overpressure development and structural deformation. The incorporation of diagenesis in a uniaxial burial model results in an increase in overpressure of up to 9 MPa due to both stress‐independent porosity loss and overpressure generated by disequilibrium compaction caused by a reduction in permeability. Finally, a compressional model is used to show that the incorporation of diagenesis within geomechanical models allows the transition from ductile to brittle behavior to be captured due to the increase in strength that results in an overconsolidated stress state. This is illustrated by comparison of the present‐day structures predicted by a geomechanical‐only model, where a ductile fold forms, and a geomechanical model accounting for diagenesis in which a brittle thrust structure is predicted.
Parametric Sensitivity of the Formation of Reversed Electron Energy Spectrum Caused by Plasmaspheric Hiss
Authors: Ni Binbin , Huang He , Zhang Wenxun , Gu Xudong , Zhao Hong , Li Xinlin , Baker Daniel , Fu Song , Xiang Zheng , Cao Xing 
Published: April 2019

AbstractScattering by plasmaspheric hiss is responsible for the newly reported reversed energy spectra with abundant high‐energy but fewer low‐energy electrons between hundreds of kiloelectronvolts and ~2 MeV in the inner magnetosphere. To deepen our understanding of the contributions of plasmaspheric hiss to the formation of reversed electron energy spectrum, we conduct a detailed theoretical parametric analysis through numerical simulations to explore the sensitivity of hiss‐induced reversed electron energy spectrum to ambient magnetic field, plasma density, and hiss wave distribution properties. Given L‐shell, variations of ambient plasma density and wave frequency spectrum contribute importantly to the formation of reversed electron energy spectrum, while variations of background magnetic field (which usually shows small changes in the plasmasphere) and wave normal angle distribution play a less effective role. Our study suggests that the reversed electron energy spectrum has important implications for unveiling the sophisticated energy‐dependent nature of wave‐particle interactions and energetic particle dynamics in geospace.
Evolution in Seismic Properties During Low and Intermediate Water Saturation: Competing Mechanisms During Water Imbibition?
Authors: Pimienta L. , David C. , Sarout J. , Perrot X. , Dautriat J. , Barnes C. 
Published: April 2019

AbstractDespite the efforts reported in the literature to explain contrasting experimental observations, the evolution of seismic attributes (velocity and attenuation) of rocks across the saturation range remains ill understood. In a comparative study, we monitored the evolution of ultrasonic P wave attributes in a porous sandstone subjected to two experiments of moisture adsorption and water spontaneous imbibition. Both experiments highlighted a significant (i.e., by 1 order of magnitude) and similar drop in P waves amplitudes, although the maximum saturations reached in each experiment is very different (i.e., about 2% vs. 70%). However, only moisture adsorption leads to a dramatic elastic softening (velocity reduction). This difference might be explained by the coupling between two competing physical mechanisms taking place during water imbibition, namely, elastic softening driven by water adsorption at the grain contact and elastic stiffening driven by full saturation of the grain contacts, at the ultrasonic frequency of the measurement.
Structural Characteristics of the Nankai Trough Shallow Plate Boundary Inferred From Shallow Very Low Frequency Earthquakes
Authors: Takemura Shunsuke , Matsuzawa Takanori , Noda Akemi , Tonegawa Takashi , Asano Youichi , Kimura Takeshi , Shiomi Katsuhiko 
Published: April 2019

AbstractThe spatial distributions of shallow slow earthquakes are related to stress accumulation and structural characteristics of the shallow plate boundary, which are important for understanding megathrust earthquakes. To investigate spatiotemporal variation of shallow very low frequency earthquake (SVLFE) activity along the Nankai Trough, we conducted centroid moment tensor inversion method incorporating effects of offshore heterogeneous structures. By applying centroid moment tensor method into long‐term onshore seismograms, we obtained spatiotemporal variation of SVLFE activity occurred from June 2003 to May 2018. We find that SVLFE activities are related to the spatial variations of the slip‐deficit rate and pore fluid around the Philippine Sea plate boundary. SVLFEs are effectively activated by mechanical weakening due to rich pore fluid in areas surrounding strongly locked zones. Our results imply that spatial variations of long‐term SVLFE activity provide information on tectonic environments, which could constrain the rupture behavior of shallow plate boundaries during future megathrust earthquakes.