bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Associations among negative weight‐related experiences, weight bias internalization, and body‐related self‐conscious emotions in adolescents: A daily diary study
Authors: Lucibello Kristen M. , Sabiston Catherine M. , Murray Ross M. , Pila Eva , Arbour‐Nicitopoulos Kelly , Gilchrist Jenna D. 
Published: November 2024

AbstractIntroductionThe present study examined the between‐ and within‐person associations among negative weight‐related experiences, weight bias internalization, and body shame, embarrassment, and pride in adolescents.MethodsParticipants were 93 Canadian students (Mage = 15.54, 59.10% girls, 40.86% white) who completed a 5‐day daily diary study in 2021. Multilevel models were estimated to examine the between‐ and within‐person associations, as well as the cross‐level interactions.ResultsFifty‐nine negative weight‐related experiences were reported from 22 participants (23.66%) over the 5‐day study period. Adolescents with higher average negative weight‐related experiences (OR = 19.60, 95% CI = 1.90–202.67) and weight bias internalization (OR = 3.66, CI = 2.07–6.46) had greater odds of reporting shame. Similarly, higher average negative weight‐related experiences (OR = 16.29, CI = 3.65–72.75) and weight bias internalization (OR = 2.08, CI = 1.53–2.82) was associated with greater odds of embarrassment. No within‐person effects were noted, such that reporting more negative weight‐related experiences or weight bias internalization than one's own average was not related to body emotions.ConclusionsThis distinction underscores that the persistent, rather than episodic, aspects of negative weight‐related experiences and weight bias internalization are most impactful on adolescents’ body image. These findings have implications for recruitment and screening for individual‐level interventions for internalized weight bias and body image, and highlight the need for system‐level policies and changes that prohibit negative weight‐related experiences and messages to reduce likelihood of internalizing weight bias among adolescents.
Multiple Structural Breaks in Interactive Effects Panel Data Models
Authors: Ditzen Jan , Karavias Yiannis , Westerlund Joakim 
Published: November 2024

ABSTRACTThis paper develops new econometric methods for multiple structural break detection in panel data models with interactive fixed effects. The new methods include tests for the presence of structural breaks, estimators for the number of breaks and their location, and a method for constructing asymptotically valid break date confidence intervals. The new methodology is applied to a large panel of US banks for a period characterized by massive quantitative easing programs aimed at lessening the impact of the global financial crisis and the COVID‐19 pandemic. The question we ask is as follows: Have these programs been successful in spurring bank lending in the US economy? The short answer turns out to be: “No”.
Lean Mass Longitudinally Confounds Sedentary Time and Physical Activity With Blood Pressure Progression in 2513 Children
Authors: Agbaje Andrew O. 
Published: November 2024

ABSTRACTBackgroundRandomized controlled trials have reported no effect of moderate‐to‐vigorous physical activity (MVPA) on reducing blood pressure (BP) in youth, probably due to short trial durations. This study examined the longitudinal effect of sedentary time (ST), light PA (LPA) and MVPA on BP in 11‐year‐old children followed up for 13 years to determine the confounding and mediating role of body composition.MethodsData included 2513 children from the Avon Longitudinal Study of Parents and Children (ALSPAC), UK birth cohort who had data on at least one time‐point measure of accelerometer‐based movement behaviour across the follow‐up and complete BP measures at ages 11, 15 and 24 years. Body composition was assessed with dual‐energy x‐ray absorptiometry at all time points. Multivariate adjusted generalized linear mixed‐effect model and structural equation causal mediation model analyses were conducted.ResultsAmong 2513 participants (61% female, mean [SD] age 11.72 [0.21] years), ST steadily increased from ~6 h/day in childhood (age 11 years) to ~9 h/day in young adulthood (age 24 years), whereas LPA and MVPA decreased, but BP had an inverted U‐shaped increase. In the longitudinal analysis, after full adjustment, a 1‐min cumulative ST from ages 11 to 24 years was positively associated with increased systolic BP (0.009 mmHg [95% CI 0.007–0.011]; p < 0.001) and diastolic BP. A 1‐min cumulative LPA was inversely associated with systolic BP (−0.007 mmHg [−0.009 to −0.004]; p < 0.001), but not diastolic BP. In isotemporal substitution analyses, longitudinal replacement of 10 min of ST with equal time in LPA during childhood, adolescence and young adulthood cumulatively decreased systolic BP by −2.63 mmHg [95% CI −3.17 to −2.08] (p < 0.0001) and diastolic BP by −1.93 mmHg [95% CI −2.36 to −1.50] (p < 0.0001). Replacing 10 min of ST with 10 min of MVPA had no statistically significant effect due to an absolute confounding effect of lean mass. The association of ST with systolic BP was fully mediated by increased lean mass (93% mediation). Increased total fat mass partially mediated (19%–27%) the inverse associations of cumulative MVPA with cumulative systolic and diastolic BP.ConclusionsTheoretically replacing 10 min/day spent sedentary with 10 min/day of LPA during growth from childhood through young adulthood may lower systolic BP by −3 mmHg and diastolic BP by −2 mmHg. Lean mass seems more significant than fat mass in the relations of ST and PA with BP and should be accounted for in future intervention studies in the paediatric and young adult population.
Combined LinkNet‐MBi‐LSTM for brain activity recognition with new Stockwell transform features
Authors: Takawale Amruta Jagadish , Paithane Ajay N. 
Published: November 2024

AbstractRecognizing brain activity from EEG waves is an important field of study in biomedical engineering and neuroscience. Conventional approaches usually begin with signal processing techniques to extract features from the EEG data, and then machine learning algorithms are applied to classify the data. However, the spatial resolution of these EEG signals is low, which makes it difficult to pinpoint the exact location of the neural activity source in the brain. There are ongoing initiatives to use DL‐based brain activity recognition algorithms to overcome these constraints. Therefore, this work presents a novel hybrid framework for brain activity detection using the enhanced Stockwell transform and an EEG signal that is called LinkNet and modified bidirectional–long short‐term memory (LN‐MBi‐LSTM) model. This framework follows a methodical approach that includes stages for feature extraction, brain activity recognition and preprocessing. Firstly, the improved Weiner filtering (IWF) approach is used to preprocess the EEG input signal. The relevant features are then extracted using a feature extraction technique from the preprocessed EEG signal. To identify the brain activity, these recovered feature sets are subsequently processed separately using LinkNet and modified bidirectional–long short‐term memory (MBi‐LSTM). A thorough analysis that takes into account both simulation and experimental calculations is part of the validation process for the LN‐MBi‐LSTM model. Finally, this study demonstrates the therapeutic potential of the LN‐MBi‐LSTM framework by presenting a strong and verified model for brain activity recognition. With the highest precision of 0.997, the LinkNet‐MBi‐LSTM model distinguishes itself from other models and confirms its exceptional capacity to produce accurate positive predictions.
Effects of Silver Nanoparticles on Ctenopharyngodon idella: Synthesis, Characterization, Antibacterial Activity, and Toxicological Assessment
Authors: Kakakhel Mian Adnan , Jamil Arshad , Narwal Nishita 
Published: November 2024

ABSTRACTCurrently, nanotechnology (NT) and nanoparticles (NPs) have gained significant attention in the scientific field due to their diverse application history. Particularly, in environmental applications, their antibacterial efficiency in fisheries due to antibacterial resistance. However, the NPs have been found toxic in the environment. Therefore, the current study aimed to fabricate less toxic NPs using environmentally dried leaves to check their antibacterial efficacy and possible toxicity against grass carp. The findings confirmed the good dispersity of obtained AgNPs, which further showed promising antibacterial activity against several bacterial isolates including Staphylococcus with a zone of inhibition (23.73 ± 0.57 nm). Also, the AgNPs were exposed to the grass carp (Ctenopharyngodon idella) for possible toxicity and toxic effects. First, the bioaccumulation of AgNPs was significantly observed in gills followed by intestines and muscles (p < 0.05). Finally, the AgNPs mainly accumulate in the liver, followed by the intestine, gills, and muscles. Additionally, the deposition of AgNPs in various organs resulted in histological alteration such as necrosis and infiltration of red blood cells in the intestine and the fusion of gill lamella. Hence, the synthesized NPs using dried leaf extract could be a promising approach in applied science. The significant features of the nanoparticles in the present work using green synthesis can help in synthesizing less toxic materials.
New insights into the mechanisms of red blood cell enucleation: From basics to clinical applications
Authors: Zhuo Qianli , Zhang Zhaojun , Fang Xiangdong 
Published: November 2024

AbstractBackgroundRed blood cell (RBC) enucleation is a crucial step in the process of erythropoiesis. By removing the nucleus, RBCs gain greater flexibility, enabling them to traverse narrow capillaries with ease, thereby enhancing the efficiency of oxygen and carbon dioxide transport. This transformation underscores the intricate balance between cellular structure and function essential for maintaining homeostasis.TopicThis review delves into the multifaceted enucleation process, outlining its complex steps that encompass protein sorting, vesicle trafficking, cytoskeletal remodeling, and apoptosis regulation, while also exploring the potential of enhancing the enucleation rate of RBCs in vitro. We emphasize the intricate regulation of this process, which is orchestrated by multiple factors. This includes transcription factors that meticulously guide protein synthesis and sorting through the modulation of gene expression, as well as non‐coding RNAs that play a pivotal role in post‐transcriptional regulation during various stages of RBC enucleation. Additionally, macrophages participate in the enucleation process by engulfing and clearing the extruded nuclei, further ensuring the proper development of RBCs. Although many studies have deeply explored the molecular mechanisms of enucleation, the roles of apoptosis and anti‐apoptotic processes in RBC enucleation remain incompletely understood.ImplicationIn this review, we aim to comprehensively summarize the RBC enucleation process and explore the progress made in ex vivo RBC generation. In the future, a deeper understanding of the enucleation process could provide significant benefits to patients suffering from anemia and other related conditions.
Static Approximate Modified Mirror—Full Adder for High Speed and Low Power Operations Using 32 nm CNTFET Technology
Authors: Juneja Sagar , Elangovan M. , Sharma Kulbhushan 
Published: November 2024

ABSTRACTThe error tolerance nature of the digital multimedia applications enables the implementation of approximate digital circuits to achieve the benefits of high speed of operation and low power consumption. This paper proposes a static approximate modified mirror full adder (SAMM‐FA) circuit designed using logic level approximation to reduce the number of transistors in the circuit. Owing to the balanced electrical characteristics, better stability and higher on‐current to off‐current ratio (Ion/Ioff), 32 nm carbon nanotube field effect transistor (CNTFET) technology has been used for implementing the proposed circuit in the Cadence Virtuoso tool. Featuring only 10 transistors and operating at a supply voltage of 0.5 V, the proposed SAMM‐FA has a low power dissipation of just 4.14 nW, and propagation delay of just 3.82 ps. The power delay product and energy delay product figure of merits of the proposed circuit are found to be excellent when compared with the contemporary designs.
Trend Analysis and Spatial Behaviour of the Fire Weather Index in the Mediterranean Iberian Peninsula, 1971–2022
Authors: Orgambides‐García David , Corell David , Estrela María José , Barberà María Jesús , Miró Javier 
Published: November 2024

ABSTRACTThe Fire Weather Index (FWI) is a widely used metric to estimate the wildfire risk based on climatological variables. As anthropogenic climate change is expected to increase wildfire risk by affecting the climate of the Mediterranean Iberian Peninsula, we assess the expected increase in wildfire risk during the past decades. For this purpose, we employ a dataset containing daily FWI values in a 0.25° × 0.25° grid for each day of a 52‐year period, between 1971 and 2022, and perform a trend analysis at a statistically significant level. We evaluate the relation between FWI and spatial (altitude, latitude, and distance to the sea) variables to look for significant correlations. An analysis is performed at the geographic level by focusing on changes in concrete, relatively homogenous zones (subregions) to broadly study spatial patterns of change. The most relevant results are (1) the FWI shows an increasing trend across the study area (0.01 confidence level); (2) the FWI is determined by temperature variations on a multiyear scale, but annually by more volatile precipitation patterns; (3) the FWI does not uniformly behave across either space or time, and is subject to different variations in different zones; (4) summer and winter are the seasons with the most significant increase, and autumn is the only not significant season; (5) very high or extreme risks are increasingly prevalent across the territory, increasing wildfire risk and (6) the FWI more rapidly rises in areas further north, at a longer distance to the sea and at higher altitudes, with the Iberian System being the most affected region. The increase in wildfire risk requires putting in place more preventive measures. Our study results coincide with climatological trend studies on the region and bridge a knowledge gap as regards the historical climatology of the FWI.
Extreme Rainfall Analysis in Pernambuco, Northeast Brazil, Using a High‐Resolution Gridded Dataset
Authors: Gomes Vanessa Karoline Inácio , da Silva Antonio Samuel Alves , Araújo Lidiane da Silva , Stosic Tatijana 
Published: November 2024

ABSTRACTThis paper presents a detailed spatio‐temporal analysis of the rainfall in the state of Pernambuco, Northeast Brazil. It is based on climate indices for extreme precipitation recommended by the Expert Team on Climate Change Detection, Monitoring and Indices. To accomplish this, daily rainfall 1data (1961–2019) were extracted from 809 high‐resolution grid points (0.1° × 0.1°) using the Brazilian Daily Weather Gridded Data (BR‐DWGD). The significance and magnitude of index trends were assessed using the modified Mann–Kendall and Sen's slope tests. This study also examined whether there existed a significant difference in climate indices among the three regions (Sertão, Agreste and Zona da Mata) within the state. The findings revealed notable significant negative trends in the PRCPTOT, R10mm, R20mm, Rx1day, Rx5day and CWD indices across all regions of Pernambuco, exhibiting a gradient from the coast to the state's interior. Reduction values of up to 15 mm year−1 for PRCPTOT, 0.7 day year−1 for R10mm, 0.2 day year−1 for R20mm, 0.01 mm year−1 for Rx1day, 0.03 mm year−1 for Rx5day, 0.4 day year−1 for CWD were observed. Furthermore, an alarming pattern was also noted for CDD, displaying a higher concentration of significant positive trends in all regions of the state, with estimated increases of up to 1.4 day year−1. Conversely, a balance of trends—both positive and negative—was observed across the entire state for R95p and R99p, with a majority of trends proving non‐significant. SDII exhibited a higher frequency of grid points showing a significant positive trend, particularly notable in the Sertão and Zona da Mata regions, where significant differences in the index values were absent. However, the remaining indices showcased notable regional differences, with values decreasing from the east to the west of the state, except for CDD. This study will assist decision makers, providing detailed long‐term information essential for preventing natural disasters and supporting socioeconomic and environmental policies in the state.
Effect of Particle Size on Raman Signal Strength of Silicate Minerals
Authors: Breitenfeld Laura B. , Dyar M. Darby , Sklute Elizabeth C. , Legett Carey 
Published: November 2024

ABSTRACTUnderstanding the effects of particle size is necessary for quantifying minerals in mixtures using Raman spectroscopy. Raman signal intensity is evaluated using six common silicate minerals (two olivines, two pyroxenes, and two feldspars) at 10 particle size ranges. For olivines and feldspars, the highest peak intensities are observed in samples with 38–63 and 63–106 μm particle sizes. There is no such consistent trend for the pyroxene samples, although the overall low signal strength complicates those measurements. Raman spectra of samples with varying particle sizes appear to be influenced by two competing effects: scattering from particle boundaries and effective sampling volume.
Debittering and antioxidant improvement of soy protein hydrolysates using curcumin as hydrophobic core
Authors: Chen Jiafeng , Wei Cuilan , Hou Junjie , Wang Jinmei , Ruan Qijun 
Published: November 2024

AbstractBACKGROUNDProtein hydrolysates possess various bioactive functions (e.g. antioxidant), but their bitter taste is unacceptable to most consumers. In the present study, a novel approach for debittering was introduced, which involved the utilization of a hydrophobic compound, curcumin (Cur). Soy protein hydrolysates (SPH), prepared through alcalase hydrolysis, served as the research model for this investigation.RESULTSIt was found that bitter intensity of SPH was dominated by the hydrophobic amino acid residues, and the addition of Cur could remarkably reduce bitterness. The debittering mechanism is attributed to the direct binding of Cur to the exposed hydrophobic amino acid residues of SPH via hydrophobic interaction, thereby shielding the hydrophobic bitter groups and hindering their interaction with the bitter taste receptors. Moreover, this debittering strategy leads to the generation of stable nanoparticles with a Cur‐core/SPH‐shell architecture, which can significantly improve the antioxidant capacity of SPH compared to those using biomacromolecules for encapsulation.CONCLUSIONUsing curcumin as a hydrophobic core is a facile and feasible strategy with bifunction of debittering as well as improving bioactive effect of SPH, which may extend its application in foods. © 2024 Society of Chemical Industry.
The role of chemotherapy in the management of pancreatic acinar cell carcinoma
Authors: Woo Kimberly P. , Wehrle Chase J. , Remulla Daphne , Chang Jenny H. , Naples Robert , Joyce Daniel , Simon Robert , Augustin Toms , Walsh R. Matthew , Naffouje Samer A. 
Published: November 2024

AbstractIntroductionPancreatic acinar cell carcinoma (pACC) is a rare malignancy with unique clinical and molecular features. The role of chemotherapy in pACC management is not well established.MethodsThe National Cancer Database (NCDB) for pACC was used. Cox regression was used in resected pACC patients to identify significant overall survival (OS) predictors. Patients were then divided based on these risk factors into propensity‐matched group of surgery versus surgery + chemotherapy and Kaplan–Meier analysis was performed with log‐rank tests to compare OS.ResultsThe NCDB 2004–2020 included 1592 pACC patients, 1553 were selected. Median age was 66 and 1090 (70.2%) were males. 622 (40.1%) received chemotherapy only, 257 (16.5%) had surgery only, and 365 (23.5%) had both. 189 Patients who received surgery were only matched to peers who had surgery + chemotherapy. The median OS for surgery only was 57.8 ± 6.0 versus 54.2 ± 9.9 months for surgery + chemotherapy (p = 0.836). Cox regression identified nodal and margin status as independent predictors of OS. Therefore, subgroups of patients with node‐negative, node‐positive, margin‐negative, and margin‐positive resections were similarly matched 1:1 for the receipt of surgery only versus surgery + chemotherapy. Only patients with node‐positive disease had a significant OS benefit with the addition of chemotherapy (44.2 ± 7.3 vs. 27.5 ± 10.5 months; p = 0.036).ConclusionOur analysis suggests that surgical resection remains the cornerstone of therapy for pACC. Node status and margin status are the primary prognosticators. The addition of chemotherapy provides an OS benefit only in node‐positive disease.
Lymphaticovenular Anastomosis as a Treatment for Neurogenic Bladder in Patients With Lower Extremity Lymphedema After Gynecologic Cancer Treatment
Authors: Seki Yukio , Okino Teruhito , Nemoto Hitoshi , Imai Hirofumi , Karakawa Ryo , Kajikawa Akiyoshi , Asai Rintaro , Tomochika Mayo , Yano Tomoyuki 
Published: November 2024

ABSTRACTBackground and ObjectivesNeurogenic bladder (NB), a complication of gynecological cancer treatment, entails significant symptoms such as loss of urinary urgency, incontinence, and renal dysfunction. To investigate whether lymphatic fluid stagnation at the pelvis causes NB, we investigated the effectiveness of lymphaticovenular anastomosis (LVA) for NB.MethodsIn this retrospective study between 2014 and April 2024, LVA was performed on 52 patients complaining of preoperative urinary dysfunction with lower extremity lymphedema following pelvic lymphadenectomy in gynecologic cancer treatment. Pre‐ and postoperative assessments evaluated NB symptoms and volume reduction of lower extremities.ResultsWith an average follow‐up period of 35.0 months, the volume of the affected limbs was reduced in all patients. Symptoms of urinary function were improved in 44 out of 52 patients, as improved urinary urgency, disappearance of incontinence, and independence from self‐catheterization. Among 15 patients who underwent pre‐ and postoperative questionnaire assessment of NB, the mean score of NB severity decreased significantly from 16.9 ± 7.1 points preoperatively to 4.3 ± 3.6 points postoperatively (p < 0.01).ConclusionsThe specific reason for NB following gynecologic cancer treatment remains unclear. Our study results suggest that lymphatic fluid stagnation itself might be a reason for NB and LVA could reduce these symptoms.