bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Slower, shorter, sadder: A qualitative study exploring how dog walks change when the canine participant develops osteoarthritis
Authors: Belshaw Zoe , Asher Lucy , Dean Rachel S 
Published: August 2019

Abstract
Background: Dog walking may have multiple physical and mental health advantages, but not all dog owners appear to benefit. Dog health is a described barrier to dog walking activity, but specific causes and impacts of reduced exercise in owners of dogs with health problems have not previously been reported. The current study used a qualitative methodology to explore the impact of canine osteoarthritis on dog walking activity.
Methods: Owners of dogs with osteoarthritis living in the United Kingdom (UK) were recruited through veterinary practices for semi-structured interview about life with an osteoarthritic dog. Participants were asked to reflect on walks that they had taken with their dog before he/she developed osteoarthritis, and to describe how those walks had changed. Interviews were transcribed verbatim and thematic analysis was used to construct key themes.
Results: Forty owners of 35 osteoarthritic dogs were interviewed. Prior to their dog’s development of osteoarthritis, dog walking distance, speed and location were usually decided by the owner to satisfy the needs and enjoyment of dog and walker. A diagnosis of canine osteoarthritis led to both dogs and their owners altering the walks undertaken. Walks were typically slower, shorter and limited to locations where physical infrastructure, underfoot surface and gradients were perceived by the owner to be navigable by their dog. Most owners did not go on additional walks without their dog due to feelings of guilt and because walking without a dog was less enjoyable. Many owners described negative effects on their own physical health and diminished enjoyment of walking as a result of their dog’s condition.
Conclusion: Our research suggests that osteoarthritic dogs may reduce the walking exercise their owners are able or willing to undertake. Since osteoarthritis is a common condition in older dogs, this is an important finding for those advocating dog ownership as a positive public health intervention. Strategies may be needed to ensure that owners of dogs that develop physical incapacities can continue to enjoy the health benefits they previously associated with dog walking. Future studies investigating dog walking activity should ensure that the health status of the dog has been considered.
Comparative metabolome analysis of serum changes in sheep under overgrazing or light grazing conditions
Authors: Zhang Jize , Gao Yang , Guo Huiqin , Ding Yong , Ren Weibo 
Published: August 2019

Abstract
Background Overgrazing is a primary contributor to severe reduction in forage quality and production in Inner Mongolia, leading to extensive ecosystem degradation, sheep health impairment and growth performance reduction. However, no clear information about the effect of overgrazing on sheep health and nutritional metabolism is available because no objective biomarkers are currently evident. We hereby hypothesize that reduced sheep growth performance under overgrazing conditions would be associated with metabolic and immune alterations. This study used an untargeted metabolomics analysis by conducting ultra-high-performance liquid chromatography combined with quadrupole time-of-flight mass spectrometry (UHPLC-Q-TOF/MS) of sheep serum under overgrazing and light grazing conditions to identify metabolic disruptions in response to overgrazing.Results The sheep daily body weight gain as well as serum biochemical parameters associated with immune responses, protein synthesis and energy production (immunoglobulin G, albumin, glucose, and nonesterified fatty acids) were significantly decreased with overgrazing than under the light grazing condition. In contrast, other serum parameters such as alanine and aspartate aminotransferase, alkaline phosphatase, total bilirubin, blood urea nitrogen, and interleukin-8 were markedly higher in the overgrazing group. Principal component analysis discriminated the metabolomes of the light grazing from the overgrazing group. Multivariate and univariate analyses revealed alternations in the serum concentrations of 15 metabolites (9 metabolites exhibited a marked increase, whereas 6 metabolites showed a significant decrease) in the overgrazing group. Major alterations of fatty acid oxidation, bile acid biosynthesis, and purine and protein metabolism were observed.Conclusions These findings offer metabolic evidence for putative biomarkers for overgrazing-induced changes in serum metabolism. Target-identification of these particular metabolites may potentially increase our knowledge of the molecular mechanisms of impaired sheep health and reduced sheep growth performance under overgrazing conditions.
Knowledge On Neonatal Danger Signs And Associated Factors Among Mothers Who Gave Birth In The Last One Year Prior To This Study In Debre Markos Town, East Gojjam, Northwest Ethiopia 2017: A Community Based Cross Sectional Study.
Authors: Yirdaw Birhanu Wubale , Badi Marta Berta , Gudayu Temesgen Worku , Tamiru Animut Tagele , Ayinalem Getie Lake , Bante Simachew Animen , Dessalegni Samuel Abebe 
Published: August 2019

Abstract
Abstract
Background: Neonatal mortality is a concern for global population especially in developing countries. The majority of neonatal mortality occurs at home where only few families recognize key danger signs of neonatal illness. Thus, we assessed the knowledge on neonatal danger signs of illness and associated factors among mothers who gave birth in the last one year prior to this study in Debre Markos town, East Gojjam, northwest Ethiopia.
Methods: A community-based, cross-sectional study was conducted among 521 mothers. Cluster sampling technique was used to select the study participants and interviewed using structured and pre-tested questionnaire. Data were entered to Epi Info and exported to SPSS for analysis. Variables in binary logistic regression with a P value <0.2 were fitted to multivariable logistic regression. Significant variables were declared at 95% CI and a P value <0.05.
Results: A total 473 participants were interviewed by making a response of 91.0%. The proportion of knowledgeable mothers was found to be 26.2% (95% CI 22.2, 30.4). Mother’s secondary and tertiary education(AOR=3.64, 95% CI 1.14, 11.61 and AOR=3.80, 95% CI 1.25, 11.56), husband’s secondary and tertiary education(AOR=4.22, 95% CI 1.53, 11.60 and AOR=4.34, 95% CI 1.52, 12.37) respectively, antenatal care attendance(AOR = 3.54, 95% CI 1.62, 7.75), postnatal care attendance(AOR = 2.41, 95% CI 1.13, 5.14), getting prepared for birth(AOR =2.43, 95% CI 1.20, 4.89) and access for television(AOR = 2.06, 95% CI 1.01, 4.21) were found to be positively associated with being knowledgeable on neonatal danger signs.
Conclusion: Mothers’ knowledge on neonatal danger signs was low. The finding showed that, intervention modalities to increase parental education, both antenatal and postnatal care attendance, mothers’ preparedness for birth and advocating the use of television might be helpful to improve mothers’ knowledge on neonatal danger signs.
Key words: Neonatal Danger Signs, Mothers’ Knowledge, East Gojjam, Ethiopia
DEFINING “FINANCIAL STABILITY”
Authors: Stefaniak Stanisław 
Published: August 2019

After the Global Financial Crisis (GFC) of 2008 the term “financial stability” rose to prominence in financial regulatory circles. The paper employs methodological tools from political economy, discourse analysis and comparative legal analysis to track the trajectory of this rise in the narratives of scholarship on financial law, policy documents and relevant European legislation and finds that the meaning of the term is subject to change and malleable. It is argued that the substance of financial stability can only be deciphered once the broader ideas about the functioning of financial markets and roles of central banks are taken into context. It is then established that these ideas were redefined in the aftermath of the GFC in line with the new macroprudential paradigm, and how they came to inform subsequent policies and legislation in the European Union.
Assessment of the preferred restorative material – composite resin or ceramic – for anterior teeth restoration
Authors: Schünemann Fernanda Haverroth , Valmorbida Jonas Alberto , Bernardon Jussara Karina 
Published: August 2019

Introduction and objective: To evaluate the perception of clinicians and undergraduate students concerning their preferences and experience in using composite resin and ceramic veneers to restore anterior teeth restorations. Material and methods: 60 participants including clinicians (n=30) and undergraduate students (n=30) volunteered for this study. The study consisted of two parts. Firstly, the participant answered questions about their use and possible failure of ceramic or composite resin for anterior teeth. In thesecond part, participants analyzed 3 photographs of the anterior smile and reported on the presence of healthy teeth or restored teeth, with composite resin or ceramic veneers. Results: For both groups, composite resin was frequently used over ceramic and the most important reported factor in this decision choice was the cost factor. Both groups presented a failure percentage higher than 50% for composite resin, and this percentage was higher forundergraduate students. In the visual analysis of the photographs, none of the participants identified all the restorations correctly. Conclusion: Composite resin is the most common material of choice for clinicians and undergraduate students. Distinguishing natural teeth from restored teeth has become increasingly difficult, despite the restorative material (composite resin or ceramic) used.
Comprehensive Analysis of the mRNA-lncRNA Co-expression Profile and ceRNA Networks Patterns in Chronic Hepatitis B
Authors: Chen Wenbiao , Lin Chenhong , Gong Lan , Chen Jianing , liang Yan , Zeng Ping , Diao Hongyan 
Published: August 2019

Background:
Long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) are emerging as important regulators in
the modulation of virus infection by targeting mRNA transcription. However, their roles in chronic
hepatitis B (CHB) remain to be elucidated.

Objective:
The study aimed to explore the lncRNAs and mRNA expression profiles in CHB and asymptomatic
HBsAg carriers (ASC) and construct mRNA-lncRNA co-expression profile and ceRNA
networks to identify the potential targets of diagnosis and treatment in CHB.

Methods:
We determined the expression profiles of lncRNAs and mRNAs in CHB and ASC using
microarray analysis. Gene ontology (GO) and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG)
pathway enrichment analyses were performed to explore their function. We also constructed coexpression,
cis-regulatory, and competing endogenous RNA (ceRNA) networks with bioinformatics
methods.

Results:
We identified 1634 mRNAs and 5550 lncRNAs that were differentially expressed between
CHB and ASC. Significantly enriched GO terms and pathways were identified, many of which were
linked to immune processes and inflammatory responses. Co-expression analysis showed 1196 relationships
between the top 20 up/downregulated lncRNAs and mRNA, especially 213 lncRNAs interacted
with ZFP57. The ZFP57-specific ceRNA network covered 3 lncRNAs, 5 miRNAs, and 17
edges. Cis-correlation analysis showed that lncRNA T039096 was paired with the most differentially
expressed gene, ZFP57. Moreover, by expending the clinical samples size, the qRT-PCR results
showed that the expression of ZFP57 and T039096 increased in CHB compared to ASC.

Conclusion:
Our study provides insights into the roles of mRNA and lncRNA networks in CHB, highlighting
potential applications of lncRNA-T039096 and mRNA-ZFP57 for diagnosis and treatment.
Molecular Docking Based Analysis to Elucidate the DNA Topoisomerase IIβ as the Potential Target for the Ganoderic Acid; A Natural Therapeutic Agent in Cancer Therapy
Authors: Sharma Kaushal K. , Singh Brijendra , Mujwar Somdutt , Bisen Prakash S. 
Published: August 2019

Introduction:
Intermediate covalent complex of DNA-Topoisomerase II enzyme is the
most promising target of the anticancer drugs to induce apoptosis in cancer cells. Currently, anticancer
drug and chemotherapy are facing major challenges i.e., drug resistance, chemical instability
and, dose-limiting side effect. Therefore, in this study, natural therapeutic agents (series of
Ganoderic acids) were used for the molecular docking simulation against Human DNATopoisomerase
II beta complex (PDB ID:3QX3).

Methods:
Molecular docking studies were performed on a 50 series of ganoderic acids reported in
the NCBI-PubChem database and FDA approved anti-cancer drugs, to find out binding energy, an
interacting residue at the active site of Human DNA-Topoisomerase II beta and compare with the
molecular arrangements of the interacting residue of etoposide with the Human DNA topoisomerase
II beta. The autodock 4.2 was used for the molecular docking and pharmacokinetic and toxicity
studies were performed for the analysis of physicochemical properties and to check the toxicity effects.
Discovery studio software was used for the visualization and analysis of docked pose.

Results and Conclusion:
Ganoderic acids (GS-1, A and DM) were found to be a more suitable
competitor inhibitor among the ganoderic acid series with appropriate binding energy, pharmacokinetic
profile and no toxicity effects. The interacting residue (Met782, DC-8, DC-11 and DA-12)
shared a chemical resemblance with the interacting residue of etoposide present at the active site of
human topoisomerase II beta receptor.
Electrochemical Polymerised Graphene Paste Electrode and Application to Catechol Sensing
Authors: Manjunatha Jamballi G. 
Published: August 2019

Objective:
To build up an advantageous strategy for sensitive determination of catechol (CC), a poly (proline) modified graphene paste electrode (PPMGPE) was fabricated and used as a voltammetric sensor for the determination of CC.

Methods:
The performance of the modified electrode was studied using cyclic voltammetric (CV) and differential pulse voltammetric method (DPV). The modified electrode was characterized by CV and DPV. The surface of the modified electrode was examined by FESEM. The electrochemical behavior of CC in phosphate buffer solution (pH 7.5) was inspected using bare graphene paste electrode (BGPE) and PPMGPE.

Results & Conclusion:
The PPMGPE shows a lower limit of detection, calculated to be 8.7×10–7mol L−1 (S/N=3). This modified electrode was applied successfully for the determination of CC in water samples without applying any sample pretreatment.
Prevalence of Early Childhood Caries in Children Aged 1 to 5 Years in the City of Quito, Ecuador
Authors: C. Acuña Jenny E. , S. Freitas Karina M. , Henriques Rafael P. , Cruz Emerson F. , Ordóñez Maria C. R Binz , C. Arias Ghenna E. , A. Balseca Guillermo M. 
Published: August 2019

Background:
Early childhood caries is an aggressive pathology that can destroy the teeth in a short time, reaching the proximal surfaces, causing discomfort, pain and affecting the dental pulp, causing premature loss of deciduous teeth.

Objective:
The purpose of this research is to determine the prevalence of early childhood caries in children aged 1 to 5 years of the Metropolitan District of Quito.

Materials and Methods:
This is a cross-sectional study including a sample of 557 children attending child care centers in Quito, Ecuador, between May and July 2018. The sample was evaluated clinically registering the data in a simplified dental file containing the odontogram and the result of decayed, lost and sealed teeth, according to the dmft index, as well as data such as age and gender. Data were tabulated and analyzed statistically by independent t-test.

Results:
The prevalence of early childhood caries was found to be 59.61%. Children affected by early childhood caries presented a mean age of 2.83 years, the ones suffered the most from this pathology were those of 2 years (35.54%), followed by those of 3 years (34.94%) and 4 years (22.5%). Boys presented more early childhood caries (53.92%) in relation to the girls (46.08%).

Conclusion:
The early childhood caries presented a prevalence of 59.61% and a general dmft index of medium level of severity according to the classification of the World Health Organization, in children from 1 to 5 years of age in Quito, Ecuador.
Antibacterial Activity of Phytochemical Extracts and Endophytic Fungi of Carapa Guianensis Against Enterococcus Faecalis in Endodontic Infections An In Vitro Study
Authors: de Miranda Maria do Carmo M. , Carvalho Clarice M. , Faria Fernando S.E.D.V. , Nobreza Antonio M-S. , Pereira Thiago M. , Pivatto Keliin , da Costa Marcus V.C. , Guedes Orlando A. , de Araújo Estrela Cyntia R. , Borges Álvaro H. 
Published: August 2019

Objective:
The objective of this study was to evaluate the antibacterial activity of phytochemical extracts and endophytic fungi of Carapa guianensis against Enterococcus faecalis. Carapa guianensis leaves and stems were collected to obtain phytochemical extracts and fungal metabolites and evaluated for in vitro antibacterial activity against E. faecalis using the disc diffusion method and dentin blocks with bacterial biofilm.

Methods:
Thirty dentin blocks were prepared and contaminated for 60 days with E. faecalis. The specimens were randomly divided into 6 experimental groups according to the test solution used: G1 – hexane stem extract of Carapa guianensis; G2 – methanol stem extract of Carapa guianensis; G3 – methanol leaf extract of Carapa guianensis; G4 – ethyl acetate extract of the endophytic fungus Penicillium isolated from Carapa guianensis; G5 – negative control, with no addition of bacterial inoculum; G6 – positive control.

Results:
Bacterial growth was analyzed by spectrophotometry after 14 days of direct contact between the extracts and dentin blocks. The hexane-stem, methanol-stem, methanol-leaf, and ethyl-acetate endophytic fungus Penicillium extracts inhibited bacterial growth in 100% of the samples.

Conclusion:
The present study demonstrated the antibacterial potential of phytochemical extracts and endophytic fungi of Carapa guianensis against E. faecalis.
Genetic Characterization of Pepino Mosaic Virus Isolates from Morocco
Authors: Souiri Amal , Zemzami Mustapha , Laatiris Hayat , Amzazi Saaid , Ennaji Moulay M. 
Published: August 2019

Introduction:
Throughout the past few years, Pepino Mosaic Virus (PepMV) has rapidly evolved from an emerging virus to endemic pathogen that causes significant losses in tomato crops worldwide. Reliable detection and molecular characterization are very important tools to support disease control. Cross-protection can also be an effective strategy, but the efficacy depends strongly on the genotype. The genetic composition of the PepMV population in Morocco has not yet been determined.

Aims:
The current study aims to genetically characterize twelve PepMV isolates (PepMV-MA), all from different Moroccan tomato production areas, by analyzing nucleotide sequences of a part of the RNA-dependent RNA polymerase (RdRp), Triple Gene Block (TGB) and Coat Protein (CP) genes.

Results:
The sequence analysis of the twelve PepMV-MA isolates shows minor nucleotide differences between them, which implies a homogenous population. The phylogenetic analysis, based on the comparison with the major genotypes, showed that Moroccan PepMV populations share a very high sequence identity, 98%, with the Chilean strain (CH2), while the shared identity with the European strains (EU) is only 85%. Interestingly, Moroccan isolates reveal specific single nucleotide polymorphisms, some of which lead to amino acids changes. These mutations have never been described before, suggesting distinct variants that may enhance aggressiveness and symptomatology.

Conclusion:
Our careful sequence analysis and genotype determination, which placing homogenous Moroccan PepMV strains into CH2 genotype, would be a prerequisite for deploying effective cross-protection strategies for controlling the pathogen in the field.
Current Mode and Voltage Mode Third Order Sinusoidal Oscillator Using CCDDCCTA
Authors: Kushwaha Ajay K. , Kumar Ashok , Pareek Prakash 
Published: August 2019

Objective:
In this paper, a novel third order sinusoidal oscillator based on current
controlled differential difference current conveyor transconductance amplifier (CCDDCCTA) is
proposed.

Methods:
The proposed circuit configuration consist of single CCDDCCTA, two grounded resistor
and three capacitors. It can concurrently yield output voltage and current. The amplitude of output
current can be easily tuned by the bias current. The non-ideality and Monte-Carlo analysis are discussed
and presented.

Results:
The stated results agree well with the theoretical estimation.

Conclusion:
The performance ofa proposed oscillator are analyzed with ORCAD 16.6 simulator
and the analog block has been depicted using 0.25 μm CMOS TSMC technology parameters.
Phosphonate Derivatives of 3,5-bis(arylidene)-4-piperidone: Synthesis and Biological Evaluation
Authors: Mishra Shweta , Das Debashree , Sahu Adarsh , Patil Shailendra , Agrawal Ram Kishore , Gajbhiye Asmita 
Published: August 2019

Background:
3,5-Bis(arylidene)-4-piperidinones (BAP) belong to a wide class of cross
conjugated dienones. The 1,5-diaryl-3-oxo-1,4-pentadienyl fragment of the BAP moiety is responsible
for the molecule's anti-tumor, antioxidant, antimicrobial and anti-inflammatory manifestations.
In the present study, we present combinations of phosphonate and 3,5-bis(arylidene)-4-
piperidone pharmacophores. The anti-inflammatory, anti-oxidant potential, anti-proliferative, cytotoxic
potential and antimicrobial of the title compounds were evaluated in in-vitro bioassay paradigms.

Methods:
A novel class of phosphonate linked 3,5-Bis(aryl methylene)-4-piperidone derivatives
were synthesized from simple, versitalie and efficient synthetic methodology. All of the synthesized
compounds were screened for their in vitro anti-inflammatory, in vitro anti-oxidant potential,
in vitro anti-proliferative, in vitro cytotoxic potential and in vitro antimicrobial activity. Amongst
all the synthesized compounds in series, phosphonate derivatives of 3,5-Bis(arylmethylene)-4-
piperidone containing 4-hydroxy-3-methoxyphenyl curcumin like prototype were more active than
phenyl substituted compounds.

Results:
The results of the screening revealed that compounds 5e, 5f, 5g, 5h were more active candidates
as compared to 5a, 5b, 5c and 5d, however 5d can be readily endorsed as the most active
compound of the series. Structure- activity relationship of the synthesized series suggested that
structural resemblance of the synthesized compounds with that of curcumin was enormously accountable
for the compounds anti-inflammatory, antioxidant and cytotoxic potential activity.

Conclusion:
The in-vitro biological spectrum indicated that the substitution of groups at third and
fourth position and alkyl phosphonates substitution potentiates the activity as compared to curcumin.