bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Characterizing the HIV Care Continuum and Identifying Barriers and Facilitators to HIV Diagnosis and Viral Suppression Among Black Transgender Women in the United States
Authors: Bukowski Leigh A. , Chandler Cristian J. , Creasy Stephanie L. , Matthews Derrick D. , Friedman Mackey R. , Stall Ronald D. 
Published: August 2018

Background:
Although black transgender women (BTW) experience high prevalence of HIV in the United States, no characterization of the HIV care continuum exists for this population. This study addresses this gap by (1) characterizing the HIV care continuum, and (2) exploring correlates of HIV diagnosis and viral suppression among a community-based sample of BTW.

Methods:
Data came from Promoting Our Worth, Equality, and Resilience (POWER). From 2014 to 2017, POWER recruited BTW who attended Black Pride events in 6 U.S. cities. Participants completed a behavioral health survey and were offered onsite HIV testing. Simple frequencies were used to characterize the HIV care continuum, and multivariable logistic regression analysis was used to identify correlates of HIV diagnosis and viral suppression.

Results:
A total of 422 BTW provided completed data for our analysis, 45.0% of whom were living with HIV. Over half of the HIV-positive BTW (51.4%) reported being undiagnosed at the time of survey, and 24.5% reported viral suppression. Incarceration and a lack of access to medical care were significantly and positively associated with an undiagnosed HIV-positive status in multivariable models. Incarceration, homelessness, polydrug use, physical assault, intimate partner violence, and current hormone use were significantly and negatively associated with viral suppression in multivariable models.

Conclusions:
Developing and implementing interventions that address timely HIV diagnosis may assist in informing the HIV disparity among BTW in the United States. Interventions should address the fundamental causes of poor health in this population.
The detection of hand tremor through the characteristics of finger movement while typing
Authors: Adams Warwick R. 
Published: August 2018

AbstractParkinson’s Disease (PD) is a neurodegenerative movement disease affecting over 6 million people worldwide. Current diagnosis is based on clinical and observational criteria only, resulting in a high misdiagnosis rate. Approximately 75% of people with PD have hand tremor, which can precede clinical diagnosis by up to 6 years. Previous studies have shown that early PD can be accurately detected from keystroke features while typing, and this study investigated whether tremor can be detected as well. Typing data from 76 subjects, with and without PD, including 27 with PD and 15 with tremor, was analysed and showed that hand tremor in PD can be detected from keystroke features. This novel technique has not been used before and was able to achieve an overall sensitivity of 67% and a specificity of 80% and was also able to differentiate PD tremor from essential tremor. This means that the diagnosis of early PD through typing can achieve the clinical requirement of at least two cardinal features being present (bradykinesia and tremor). Less than half a page of typing is needed, the technique does not require any specialised equipment, and can take place in the patient’s home as they type normally on a computer.
Surge of Corticocardiac Coupling in SHRSP Rats Exposed to Forebrain Cerebral Ischemia
Authors: Tian Fangyun , Liu Tiecheng , Xu Gang , Ghazi Talha , Sajjad Azeem , Farrehi Peter , Wang Michael M. , Borjigin Jimo 
Published: August 2018

AbstractSudden death is an important but under-recognized consequence of stroke. Acute stroke can disturb central control of autonomic function, and result in cardiac dysfunction and sudden death. Previous study showed that bilateral common carotid artery ligation (BCCAL) in spontaneously hypertensive stroke-prone rats (SHRSP) is a well-established model for forebrain ischemic sudden death. This study aims to investigate the temporal dynamic changes in electrical activities of the brain and heart and functional interactions between the two vital organs following forebrain ischemia. EEG and ECG signals were simultaneously collected from 9 SHRSP and 8 Wistar-Kyoto (WKY) rats. RR interval and cardiac arrhythmias were analyzed to investigate the cardiac response to brain ischemia. EEG power and coherence (CCoh) analysis were conducted to study the cortical response. Corticocardiac coherence (CCCoh) and directional connectivity (CCCon) were analyzed to determine brain-heart connection. Heart rate variability (HRV) was analyzed to evaluate autonomic functionality. BCCAL resulted in 100% mortality in SHRSP within 14 hours, whereas no mortality was observed in WKY. The functionality of both the brain and the heart were significantly altered in SHRSP compared to WKY after BCCAL. SHRSP rats, but not WKY rats, exhibited intermittent surge of CCCoh, which paralleled the elevated CCCon and reduced HRV, following the onset of ischemia until sudden death. Elevated brain-heart coupling invariably associated with the disruption of the autonomic nervous system and the risk of sudden death. This study may improve our understanding of the mechanism of ischemic stroke-induced sudden death.
Variants in regulatory elements ofPDE4Dassociate with Major Mental Illness in the Finnish population
Authors: Sinha Vishal , Ukkola-Vuoti Liisa , Ortega-Alonso Alfredo , Torniainen-Holm Minna , Therman Sebastian , Tuulio-Henriksson Annamari , Jylhä Pekka , Kaprio Jaakko , Hovatta Iiris , Isometsä Erkki , Cannon Tyrone D. , Lönnqvist Jouko , Paunio Tiina , Suvisaari Jaana , Hennah William 
Published: August 2018

AbstractWe have previously reported a replicable association between variants at thePDE4Dgene and familial schizophrenia in a Finnish cohort. In order to identify the potential functional mutations alluded to by these previous findings, we sequenced the 1.5Mb of thePDE4Dgenomic locus in 20 families (consisting of 96 individuals, and 79 independent chromosomes), followed by two stages of genotyping across 6,668 individuals from multiple Finnish cohorts for major mental illnesses. We identified 4,570 SNPs across thePDE4Dgene, with 380 associated to schizophrenia (p≤0.05). Importantly, two of these variants, rs35278 and rs165940, are located at transcription factor binding sites, and displayed replicable association in the two-stage enlargement of the familial schizophrenia cohort, (combined statistics for rs35278 p=0.0012; OR=1.18, 95% CI 1.06-1.32; and rs165940 p=0.0016; OR=1.27, 95% CI 1.13-1.41). Further analysis using additional cohorts and endophenotypes revealed that rs165940 principally associates within the psychosis (p=0.025, OR=1.18, 95% CI 1.07-1.30) and cognitive domains of major mental illnesses (g-score p=0.044, beta=-0.033). Specifically, the cognitive domains represented verbal learning and memory (p=0.0091, beta=-0.044) and verbal working memory (p=0.0062, beta=-0.036). Moreover, expression data from the GTEx database demonstrated that rs165940 significantly correlates with the mRNA expression levels ofPDE4Din the cerebellum (p-value=0.04; m-value=0.9), demonstrating a potential functional consequence for this variant. Thus, rs165940 represents the most likely functional variant for major mental illness at thePDE4Dlocus in the Finnish population, increasing risk broadly to psychotic disorders.
Multiscale dynamic mean field model to relate resting-state brain dynamics with local cortical excitatory-inhibitory neurotransmitter homeostasis in health and disease
Authors: Naskar Amit , Vattikonda Anirudh , Deco Gustavo , Roy Dipanjan , Banerjee Arpan 
Published: August 2018

AbstractPrevious neuro-computational studies have established the connection of spontaneous resting-state brain activity with “large-scale” neuronal ensembles using dynamic mean field approach and showed the impact of local excitatory−inhibitory (E−I) balance in sculpting dynamical patterns. Here, we argue that whole brain models that link multiple scales of physiological organization namely brain metabolism that governs synaptic concentrations of gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA) and glutamate on one hand and neural field dynamics that operate on the macroscopic scale. The multiscale dynamic mean field (MDMF) model captures the synaptic gating dynamics over a cortical macrocolumn as a function of neurotransmitter kinetics. Multiple MDMF units were placed in brain locations guided by an anatomical parcellation and connected by tractography data from diffusion tensor imaging. The resulting whole-brain model generates the resting-state functional connectivity and also reveal that optimal configurations of glutamate and GABA captures the dynamic working point of the brain, that is the state of maximum metsatability as observed in BOLD signals. To demonstrate test-retest reliability we validate the observation that healthy resting brain dynamics is governed by optimal glutamate-GABA configurations using two different brain parcellations for model set-up. Furthermore, graph theoretical measures of segregation (modularity and clustering coefficient) and integration (global efficiency and characteristic path length) on the functional connectivity generated from healthy and pathological brain network studies could be explained by the MDMF model. In conclusion, the MDMF model could relate the various scales of observations from neurotransmitter concentrations to dynamics of synaptic gating to whole-brain resting-state network topology in health and disease.
S100A4 inhibits cell proliferation by interfering with the RAGE V domain-S100A1
Authors: Khan M I , Yuan T , Chou R H , Yu C 
Published: August 2018

AbstractThe Ca2+-dependent human S100A4 (Mts1) protein is part of the S100 family, and the S100A1 protein is the target of S100A4. Here, we studied the interactions of S100A1 with S100A4 using nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR; 700 MHz) spectroscopy. We used HADDOCK software to model S100A4 and S100A1, and we observed that S100A1 and the RAGE V domain have an analogous binding area in S100A4. We discovered that S100A4 acts as an antagonist among the RAGE V domain and S100A1, which inhibits tumorigenesis and cell proliferation. We used a WST-1 assay to examine the bioactivity of S100A1 and S100A4. This study could possibly be beneficial for evaluating new proteins for the treatment of cancer.
Aircraft neural modeling and parameter estimation using neural partial differentiation
Authors: Mohamed Majeed , Dongare Vikalp 
Published: August 2018

PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to build a neural model of an aircraft from flight data and online estimation of the aerodynamic derivatives from established neural model.Design/methodology/approachA neural model capable of predicting generalized force and moment coefficients of an aircraft using measured motion and control variable is used to extract aerodynamic derivatives. The use of neural partial differentiation (NPD) method to the multi-input-multi-output (MIMO) aircraft system for the online estimation of aerodynamic parameters from flight data is extended.FindingsThe estimation of aerodynamic derivatives of rigid and flexible aircrafts is treated separately. In the case of rigid aircraft, longitudinal and lateral-directional derivatives are estimated from flight data. Whereas simulated data are used for a flexible aircraft in the absence of its flight data. The unknown frequencies of structural modes of flexible aircraft are also identified as part of estimation problem in addition to the stability and control derivatives. The estimated results are compared with the parameter estimates obtained from output error method. The validity of estimates has been checked by the model validation method, wherein the estimated model response is matched with the flight data that are not used for estimating the derivatives.Research limitations/implicationsCompared to the Delta and Zero methods of neural networks for parameter estimation, the NPD method has an additional advantage of providing the direct theoretical insight into the statistical information (standard deviation and relative standard deviation) of estimates from noisy data. The NPD method does not require the initial value of estimates, but it requiresa prioriinformation about the model structure of aircraft dynamics to extract the flight stability and control parameters. In the case of aircraft with a high degree of flexibility, aircraft dynamics may contain many parameters that are required to be estimated. Thus, NPD seems to be a more appropriate method for the flexible aircraft parameter estimation, as it has potential to estimate most of the parameters without having the issue of convergence.Originality/valueThis paper highlights the application of NPD for MIMO aircraft system; previously it was used only for multi-input and single-output system for extraction of parameters. The neural modeling and application of NPD approach to the MIMO aircraft system facilitate to the design of neural network-based adaptive flight control system. Some interesting results of parameter estimation of flexible aircraft are also presented from established neural model using simulated data as a novelty. This gives more value addition to analyzing the flight data of flexible aircraft as it is a challenging problem in parameter estimation of flexible aircraft.
Dynamic impedance compensation for WPT using a compensator in a three-coil wireless power transfer system
Authors: Liu Suqi , Tan Jianping 
Published: August 2018

Purpose
The purpose of this paper is to study the wireless power transfer (WPT) system that always achieves the maximum output power at a fixed angular frequency using the dynamic impedance compensation and also the maximum transfer efficiency.

Design/methodology/approach
An efficient topology of the WPT system is proposed which states that the functions of the relay are transformed into the functions of the compensator in the three-coil WPT system.

Findings
Increasing the ratio of the frequency detuning factor of the compensator relative to the frequency detuning factor of the compensator also causes the curves of the normalized output power and the transfer efficiency to move toward the high frequency direction.

Practical implications
The scheme of the dynamic compensation for the WPT using a compensator is convenient to obtain the dynamic impedance compensation by adding or removing the capacitances or inductances from the compensator.

Originality/value
The functions of the relay are transformed into the functions of the compensator in the three-coil WPT system.
DACA applications and anxiety among undocumented youths
Authors: Lauby Fanny 
Published: August 2018

Purpose
While the literature has focused on the benefits granted by Deferred Action for Childhood Arrivals to undocumented youths in the USA, the purpose of this paper is to focus on the challenges encountered during the application process.

Design/methodology/approach
This paper is based on 60 semi-structured interviews with Latino undocumented youths living in the New York City and northern New Jersey metropolitan area.

Findings
The policy was intended to improve the inclusion of some undocumented youths in the USA by temporarily shielding them from deportation and providing them with a social security number. Analyses indicate great variation in youths’ experiences while applying for DACA, including program knowledge, financial impact, and application assistance – some of which was alleviated by respondents’ political engagement. This paper shows that participants suffered from anxiety due to the manner of implementation of the program.

Research limitations/implications
This research is based on the self-disclosure of participants as undocumented youths. Fieldwork also took place in the New York/New Jersey metropolitan area, which is traditionally considered as more “immigrant-friendly” context than other areas of the USA.

Originality/value
This paper provides much needed information on the ways in which undocumented youths navigate the federal immigration system and the anxiety associated with it. This paper demonstrates the possibility that a federal policy whose goal is inclusionary could be implemented at the local level in such a way as to promote anxiety and alienation. It also highlights the role of political engagement in shaping immigrant youth’s experiences in the USA.
Cultivating sustainable communities of practice within hierarchical bureaucracies
Authors: Duryan Meri , Smyth Hedley 
Published: August 2018

PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to address hierarchies in a large program of projects. It explores cultivation of communities of practice (CoP) within a hierarchical client organization that manages multi-billion-euro infrastructure programs and projects.Design/methodology/approachThis paper is based on an exploratory longitudinal case study approach involving action research. In-depth semi-structured interviews, company records, industry reports and observation from a case study in the hierarchical bureaucracy were translated into the language of cognitive maps for software analysis and subsequent interpretation.FindingsThe findings highlight the importance of hierarchy constraints and program management practices in project-based firms. The involvement of senior management in CoP cultivation reinforced the community’s contribution to strategic value creation in the firm under scrutiny.Research limitations/implicationsThis paper mobilizes the concepts of boundary spanning and loose coupling as a way of analyzing the role of CoPs in bureaucratic hierarchies to promote learning and knowledge transfer. The results of the study suggest that application of those concepts can contribute to sustainability of CoPs in hierarchical organizations by giving them social space to span horizontal and vertical boundaries.Practical implicationsThe authors practically contribute to the field by demonstrating the process and the impact of CoP sponsors’ engagement in their cultivation. This was enabled through the research-oriented action research component. The paper also concludes that cognitive mapping may provide a useful addition to engaged research, potentially simulating and influencing change in practice.Originality/valueThe academic contribution concerns understanding the roles of hierarchies, program management and CoP cultivation in project-based firms. It offers clear guidelines for managers of hierarchical bureaucracies to cultivate CoPs to address hierarchical constraints and how CoPs differ in organizational form.
Tribological properties of zirconium phosphate-quinoline compound as an additive in lithium grease
Authors: Niu Wenxing , Liu Lei , Xu Hong , Dong Jinxiang 
Published: August 2018

Purpose
The purpose of this paper is to study the tribological properties of (C9H8N)4(H2O)4[Zr8P12O40(OH)8F8] (designated as ZrPOF-Q1) used as an additive in lithium grease.

Design/methodology/approach
The tribological properties of ZrPOF-Q1 as an additive in the lithium grease were evaluated with a four-ball tester. To understand the lubrication mechanism, post-test characterization of the contact tracks was performed via three-dimensional (3D) optical profiler, scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDS).

Findings
The results reveal that ZrPOF-Q1 exhibits good performance in anti-wear, friction-reducing and load-carrying capacity. The action mechanism is estimated through analysis of the worn surface with SEM, EDS and 3D. The results indicate that ZrPOF-Q1 can adhere on the substrate, protecting the rubbed surfaces from a direct contact, even under high load for a long-time test. ZrPOF-Q1 can adhere on the substrate, protecting the rubbed surfaces from a direct contact, even under high load for a long-time test.

Originality/value
This work illustrates that ZrPOF-Q1 as an additive can improve lubricating performance. These tribological properties make ZrPOF-Q1 a promising candidate for lubricant additive.
Future strategic considerations and development priorities for national museum libraries
Authors: Williams Rupert Nicholas 
Published: August 2018

Purpose
The purpose of this paper is to explore the main strategic considerations facing the libraries of national museums over the next decade, and to examine anticipated future service and resource development priorities.

Design/methodology/approach
An explanatory sequential mixed-methods study was undertaken, consisting of a quantitative research phase followed by a qualitative phase. An online survey was sent to the head librarians of two hundred national museum libraries for the quantitative phase. Semi-structured interviews were undertaken with the head librarians at seven national museum libraries for the qualitative phase. The survey data were analysed using descriptive statistics and the interview data were analysed through use of recursive abstraction. Mixing of the data occurred following the qualitative phase.

Findings
National museum libraries are facing a complex array of future challenges and opportunities as a result of a rapidly changing socio-technical landscape, evolving organisational needs and priorities and ongoing operational constraints. The main strategic considerations for many national museum libraries relate to their preparedness for these issues, and their ability to deliver services and resources that are relevant, required, and responsive to the future research needs of internal and external users. It seems likely that development priorities will focus on consolidating high impact services and resources, whilst also expanding provision into new areas that have the greatest potential for growth.

Originality/value
This study identifies issues of strategic importance for national museum libraries and examines the main priority areas being considered by museum librarians as they prepare to develop their libraries into the third decade of the twenty-first century.