bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Gaming disorder among Russian and Kazakh university students
Authors: Konstantinov Vsevolod , Mynbayeva Aigerim , Gritsenko Valentina , Stelmakh Svetlana , Reznik Alexander , Porat Shai-li Romem , Isralowitz Richard 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
Background
During COVID-19, interest in video games increased and it continues to escalate. Excessive video gaming, common throughout the world, attracts concern among mental health professionals. Most internet gamers are youth and young adults. Persistent and recurrent gaming can lead to disorder, which may be associated with significant impairments of daily work and/or education activities. This comparative study examined gaming disorders among Russian and Kazakh university students and its association with gender, religiosity, loneliness, substance use, and eating behavior.

Methods
Data were collected from a cross-sectional sample of 1464 university students from Russia and Kazakhstan, 33.3% male, 66.7% female, 29.2% secular, and 70.8% non-secular during 2022–2023. The Qualtrics software platform was used for responses to the nine-item Internet Gaming Disorder Scale-Short-Form, and the six-item De Jong Gierveld Loneliness Scale. Also, survey participants were asked about their substance use and eating behavior during gaming. All statistical analyses were conducted using SPSS, version 25.

Results
The average amount of gaming disorder (GD) is higher among Russian than Kazakh students (14.2 vs. 12.9, p < 0.001), males more than females (15.4 vs. 12.8, p < 0.001). Religious respondents tend to spend less time gaming (p < 0.001) and have lower GD rates (p < 0.001). However, regression analysis shows religiosity and religious affiliation are not significant predictors of GD. Significant GD predictors are eating behavior, weekly hours spent on gaming, loneliness, gender (male), country (Russia) and age (Adjusted R2 = 0.473).

Conclusion
Despite significant cross-cultural and religious differences between Russia and Kazakhstan students, study results show GD tends to be similar and at a low level in both countries; and religiosity is not a significant predictor of GD. This is consistent with other studies showing that in secular post-Soviet countries, including Russia and Kazakhstan, the religiosity of young people is predominantly declarative in nature, and tends not to impact behavior. Additional research should be considered to verify present study findings for policy, prevention, and treatment purposes.
A case of chronic lymphocytic leukemia with a paraneoplastic neurologic syndrome and leptomeningeal disease
Authors: Boldig Catherine , Warman Mark , Chavez Julio , Dubey Divyanshu , Abukhdeir Amal , Iacono David , Verma Neha , Jaffer Muhammad , Teeling Ashlie , DeLuca Kaitlin , Riedel Harley , Mokhtari Sepideh 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
Purpose
Chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL) is a hematologic malignancy characterized by overproduction of monoclonal B cells. Paraneoplastic neurologic syndrome (PNS) and leptomeningeal disease (LMD) associated with CLL are both rare entities. We present a unique case that is, to our knowledge, the second reported case of CLL associated with Kelch-like protein 11– (KLHL11-) PNS and the first case of CLL with both LMD and KLHL11-PNS.

Methods/results
The patient was a 68-year-old woman who developed abdominal pain, nausea, vomiting, and vertigo. Imaging revealed retroperitoneal lymphadenopathy. After further studies, including flow cytometry, she was diagnosed with CLL. She received one dose of pembrolizumab with ibrutinib, and months later received three doses of Obinutuzumab, which were discontinued due to their side effects. The patient reported excessive fatigue, temporal headache, nausea, vomiting, vertigo, tremor of the upper extremities, and head bobbing. Lumbar puncture was positive for CLL cells, and the CSF paraneoplastic panel was positive for KLHL11 antibodies, with a titer of 1:64. She received intravenous immunoglobulin, intravenous methylprednisolone, plasmapheresis, intravenous rituximab, and Zanubrutinib, with minimal response. She was then prescribed intrathecal rituximab, which caused slight clinical improvement. Complete response was noted via CSF cytology. About 4 months later, she underwent Ommaya placement and received intraventricular rituximab. Her symptoms persisted despite improvement in CSF cytology, likely due to persistent PNS that was difficult to treat.

Conclusion
KLHL11-PNS is a rare disease entity that often evolves clinically into treatment-refractory rhombencephalitis. Though PNS and LMD management strategies may overlap, their clinical outcomes may be discordant.
Politically unthinkable? The missing dimension of nuclear use scenarios
Authors: Michaels Jeffrey H. 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
Nuclear deterrence strategies are predicated on nuclear use scenarios. However, as nuclear weapons haven’t been used since 1945, why does use occur in scenarios but not in practice? If scenarios incorporated the political challenges of crossing the nuclear threshold, how would this change the utility of the deterrence strategies they support? To address these questions, this article examines Cold War-era American debates about a Soviet ‘first strike’, discusses the limits of technical critiques of nuclear use scenarios, and argues for an alternative approach to scenario design and criticism that includes political factors observable in crises and wars involving nuclear states.
How the Glaishers pictured snowflakes
Authors: Winckel Floris 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
The Glaisher snowflakes (1855) are amongst the most recognizable images of snow crystals produced in the nineteenth century. Made with the intent of compiling a comprehensive record of snow crystal forms, they also appeared in a variety of print publications, from popular magazines to scientific textbooks, and briefly circulated through various scientific and artistic societies. In a time when reliable images of these small, transparent, ephemeral objects were few and far between, the Glaisher snowflakes were widely praised for both their beauty and their fidelity to nature. But their origin has so far been little examined. This article sheds light on how James and Cecilia Glaisher went about making them, and invites readers to see them through three interconnected perspectives: as products of a domestic environment, as products of a husband-and-wife collaboration, and as products of iterative image making.
Effect of dehydroleucodine (DhL) on the acrosome reaction in sperm of Chinchilla lanigera: signalling pathways involved
Authors: Medina Maria Fernanda , Pucci Ana , Pucci Franco José , Bühler Marta Ines , Gramajo-Bühler María Cecilia 
Published: November 2024

AbstractThe secondary metabolites of several plant species, particularly sesquiterpenic lactones (SLs) have been studied by different research groups for over 30 years. This group of metabolites presents numerous biological activities such as antibacterial, antiviral, antiulcer, cell proliferation inhibitor, and oocyte activator with participation in exocytosis processes. This study aims to assess some sperm parameters in epididymal gametes of Chichilla lanigera exposed to increasing concentrations (0 to 2 mM) of DhL for various incubation times from 10 to 40 minutes. We determined the participation of different cell signalling pathways in the induced acrosome reaction. Our results showed an alteration in the progressive motility pattern and cell viability depending on DhL concentration and exposure time of gametes. When analyzing acrosomal status, higher percentages than the negative control were obtained in all tested doses. Both isolated and joint inhibition tests of PKA and phospholipases (PLC and PLA2) showed a greater participation of PI-PLC. This is the first report concerning the effects of this lactone on the medium of sperm incubation. Consequently, further studies will be necessary to determine the molecular implications of this lactone on the fertilizing potential of the sperm.
Traumatic brain injury, posttraumatic stress disorder, and vascular risk are independently associated with white matter aging in Vietnam-Era veterans
Authors: McGill Makenna B. , Clark Alexandra L. , Schnyer David M. ,   for the Alzheimer’s Disease Neuroimaging Initiative
Published: November 2024

AbstractObjective:Traumatic brain injury (TBI), mental health conditions (e.g., posttraumatic stress disorder [PTSD]), and vascular comorbidities (e.g., hypertension, diabetes) are highly prevalent in the Veteran population and may exacerbate age-related changes to cerebral white matter (WM). Our study examined (1) relationships between health conditions—TBI history, PTSD, and vascular risk—and cerebral WM micro- and macrostructure, and (2) associations between WM measures and cognition.Method:We analyzed diffusion tensor images from 183 older male Veterans (mean age = 69.18; SD = 3.61) with (n = 95) and without (n = 88) a history of TBI using tractography. Generalized linear models examined associations between health conditions and diffusion metrics. Total WM hyperintensity (WMH) volume was calculated from fluid-attenuated inversion recovery images. Robust regression examined associations between health conditions and WMH volume. Finally, elastic net regularized regression examined associations between WM measures and cognitive performance.Results:Veterans with and without TBI did not differ in severity of PTSD or vascular risk (p’s >0.05). TBI history, PTSD, and vascular risk were independently associated with poorer WM microstructural organization (p’s <0.5, corrected), however the effects of vascular risk were more numerous and widespread. Vascular risk was positively associated with WMH volume (p = 0.004, β=0.200, R2 = 0.034). Higher WMH volume predicted poorer processing speed (R2 = 0.052).Conclusions:Relative to TBI history and PTSD, vascular risk may be more robustly associated with WM micro- and macrostructure. Furthermore, greater WMH burden is associated with poorer processing speed. Our study supports the importance of vascular health interventions in mitigating negative brain aging outcomes in Veterans.
Implementation of multi-omics in diagnosis of pediatric rare diseases
Authors: Ali Sara S. , Li Qifei , Agrawal Pankaj B. 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
The rapid and accurate diagnosis of rare diseases is paramount in directing clinical management. In recent years, the integration of multi-omics approaches has emerged as a potential strategy to overcome diagnostic hurdles. This review examines the application of multi-omics technologies, including genomics, epigenomics, transcriptomics, proteomics, and metabolomics, in relation to the diagnostic journey of rare diseases. We explore how these combined approaches enhance the detection of pathogenic genetic variants and decipher molecular mechanisms. This review highlights the groundbreaking potential of multi-omics in advancing the precision medicine paradigm for rare diseases, offering insights into future directions and clinical applications.

Impact

This review discusses using current tests and emerging technologies to diagnose pediatric rare diseases.

We describe the next steps after inconclusive molecular testing and a structure for using multi-omics in further investigations.

The use of multi-omics is expanding, and it is essential to incorporate it into clinical practice to enhance individualized patient care.
Interaction of p53 with the Δ133p53α and Δ160p53α isoforms regulates p53 conformation and transcriptional activity
Authors: Tomas Fanny , Roux Pierre , Gire Véronique 
Published: November 2024

AbstractThe TP53 gene encodes p53, a transcription factor involved in tumor suppression. However, TP53 also encodes other protein isoforms, some of which can disrupt the tumor suppressor functions of p53 even in the absence of TP53 mutations. In particular, elevated levels of the Δ133TP53 mRNA are detected in many cancer types and can be associated with poorer disease-free survival. We investigated the mechanisms of action of the two proteins translated from the Δ133TP53 mRNA: the Δ133p53α and Δ160p53α isoforms, both of which retain the oligomerization domain of p53. We discovered that the Δ133p53α and Δ160p53α isoforms adopt an altered conformation compared to full-length p53, exposing the PAb240 epitope (RHSVVV), which is inaccessible to the PAb240 antibody in the functional conformation of p53 (reactive to PAb1620). The Δ133p53α and/or Δ160p53α isoforms form hetero-oligomers with p53, regulating the stability, the conformation and the transcriptional activity of the p53 hetero-oligomers. Under basal conditions, Δ133p53α and Δ160p53α, in complex with p53, prevent proteasome-dependent degradation leading to the accumulation of PAb240 reactive Δ133p53α/Δ160p53α/p53 hetero-oligomers without increasing p53 transcriptional activity. Conversely, depletion of endogenous Δ133p53α isoforms in human fibroblasts is sufficient to restore p53 transcriptional activity, towards p53-target genes involved in cell cycle arrest. In the DNA damage response (DDR), PAb240 reactive Δ133p53α/Δ160p53α/p53 hetero-oligomers are highly phosphorylated at Ser15 compared to PAb1620-reactive p53 complexes devoid of Δ133p53α and Δ160p53α. This suggests that PAb240-reactive p53 hetero-oligomers integrate DNA damage signals. Δ133p53α accumulation is a late event in the DDR that depends on p53, but not on its transcriptional activation. The formation of Δ133p53α and p53 complexes increases at later DDR stages. We propose that Δ133p53α isoforms regulate p53 conformation as part of the normal p53 biology, modulating p53 activity and thereby adapting the cellular response to the cell signals.
Exposing 24-hour cycles in bile acids of male humans
Authors: Bello Adesola T. , Sarafian Magali H. , Wimborne Elizabeth A. , Middleton Benita , Revell Victoria L. , Raynaud Florence I. , Chowdhury Namrata R. , van der Veen Daan R. , Skene Debra J. , Swann Jonathan R. 
Published: November 2024

AbstractBile acids are trans-genomic molecules arising from the concerted metabolism of the human host and the intestinal microbiota and are important for digestion, energy homeostasis and metabolic regulation. While diurnal variation has been demonstrated in the enterohepatic circulation and the gut microbiota, existing human data are poorly resolved, and the influence of the host circadian system has not been determined. Using entrained laboratory protocols, we demonstrate robust daily rhythms in the circulating bile acid pool in healthy male participants. We identify temporal relationships between bile acids and plasma lipids and show that these relationships are lost following sleep deprivation. We also highlight that bile acid rhythmicity is predominantly lost when environmental timing cues are held constant. Here we show that the environment is a stronger determinant of these temporal dynamics than the intrinsic circadian system of the host. This has significance for the intimate relationship between circadian timing and metabolism.
Barcoding of small extracellular vesicles with CRISPR-gRNA enables comprehensive, subpopulation-specific analysis of their biogenesis and release regulators
Authors: Kunitake Koki , Mizuno Tadahaya , Hattori Kazuki , Oneyama Chitose , Kamiya Mako , Ota Sadao , Urano Yasuteru , Kojima Ryosuke 
Published: November 2024

AbstractSmall extracellular vesicles (sEVs) are important intercellular information transmitters in various biological contexts, but their release processes remain poorly understood. Herein, we describe a high-throughput assay platform, CRISPR-assisted individually barcoded sEV-based release regulator (CIBER) screening, for identifying key players in sEV release. CIBER screening employs sEVs barcoded with CRISPR-gRNA through the interaction of gRNA and dead Cas9 fused with an sEV marker. Barcode quantification enables the estimation of the sEV amount released from each cell in a massively parallel manner. Barcoding sEVs with different sEV markers in a CRISPR pooled-screening format allows genome-wide exploration of sEV release regulators in a subpopulation-specific manner, successfully identifying previously unknown sEV release regulators and uncovering the exosomal/ectosomal nature of CD63+/CD9+ sEVs, respectively, as well as the synchronization of CD9+ sEV release with the cell cycle. CIBER should be a valuable tool for detailed studies on the biogenesis, release, and heterogeneity of sEVs.
A self-healing plastic ceramic electrolyte by an aprotic dynamic polymer network for lithium metal batteries
Authors: He Yubin , Wang Chunyang , Zhang Rui , Zou Peichao , Chen Zhouyi , Bak Seong-Min , Trask Stephen E. , Du Yonghua , Lin Ruoqian , Hu Enyuan , Xin Huolin L. 
Published: November 2024

AbstractOxide ceramic electrolytes (OCEs) have great potential for solid-state lithium metal (Li0) battery applications because, in theory, their high elastic modulus provides better resistance to Li0 dendrite growth. However, in practice, OCEs can hardly survive critical current densities higher than 1 mA/cm2. Key issues that contribute to the breakdown of OCEs include Li0 penetration promoted by grain boundaries (GBs), uncontrolled side reactions at electrode-OCE interfaces, and, equally importantly, defects evolution (e.g., void growth and crack propagation) that leads to local current concentration and mechanical failure inside and on OCEs. Here, taking advantage of a dynamically crosslinked aprotic polymer with non-covalent –CH3⋯CF3 bonds, we developed a plastic ceramic electrolyte (PCE) by hybridizing the polymer framework with ionically conductive ceramics. Using in-situ synchrotron X-ray technique and Cryogenic transmission electron microscopy (Cryo-TEM), we uncover that the PCE exhibits self-healing/repairing capability through a two-step dynamic defects removal mechanism. This significantly suppresses the generation of hotspots for Li0 penetration and chemomechanical degradations, resulting in durability beyond 2000 hours in Li0-Li0 cells at 1 mA/cm2. Furthermore, by introducing a polyacrylate buffer layer between PCE and Li0-anode, long cycle life >3600 cycles was achieved when paired with a 4.2 V zero-strain cathode, all under near-zero stack pressure.
Effect of adaptive cruise control on fuel consumption in real-world driving conditions
Authors: Moawad Ayman , Zebiak Matthew , Han Jihun , Karbowski Dominik , Zhang Yaozhong , Rousseau Aymeric 
Published: November 2024

AbstractThis paper presents a comprehensive analysis of the impact of adaptive cruise control on energy consumption in real-world driving conditions based on a natural experiment: a large-scale observational dataset of driving data from a diverse fleet of vehicles and drivers. The analysis is conducted at two different fidelity levels: (1) a macroscopic trip-level benefit estimate that compares trips with and without cruise control in a counterfactual way using statistical methods, and (2) a situation-based comparison achieved through the segmentation of trips into distinct driving situations such as acceleration, braking, cruising, and other maneuvers. The results of this research show that the effect of cruise control on energy consumption varies across different driving situations and levels of analysis. In a macroscopic trip-level analysis, cruise control engagement is associated with a slight increase in fuel consumption across the fleet. As revealed later by the situation-based analysis, this result can be attributed to the negative impact of cruise control on energy consumption in cruising mode, which is the most common driving situation. However, the situation-based comparison demonstrates that cruise control can provide fuel consumption benefits in situations involving acceleration and braking, particularly when a preceding vehicle is present. The study also emphasizes the importance of controlling for various factors that can influence both fuel consumption and the likelihood of cruise control engagement to properly evaluate its effects.
TBK1-associated adapters TANK and AZI2 protect mice against TNF-induced cell death and severe autoinflammatory diseases
Authors: Ujevic Andrea , Knizkova Daniela , Synackova Alzbeta , Pribikova Michaela , Trivic Tijana , Dalinskaya Anna , Drobek Ales , Niederlova Veronika , Paprckova Darina , De Guia Roldan , Kasparek Petr , Prochazka Jan , Labaj Juraj , Fedosieieva Olha , Roeck Bernhard Florian , Mihola Ondrej , Trachtulec Zdenek , Sedlacek Radislav , Stepanek Ondrej , Draber Peter 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
The cytokine TNF can trigger highly proinflammatory RIPK1-dependent cell death. Here, we show that the two adapter proteins, TANK and AZI2, suppress TNF-induced cell death by regulating the activation of TBK1 kinase. Mice lacking either TANK or AZI2 do not show an overt phenotype. Conversely, animals deficient in both adapters are born in a sub-Mendelian ratio and suffer from severe multi-organ inflammation, excessive antibody production, male sterility, and early mortality, which can be rescued by TNFR1 deficiency and significantly improved by expressing a kinase-dead form of RIPK1. Mechanistically, TANK and AZI2 both recruit TBK1 to the TNF receptor signaling complex, but with distinct kinetics due to interaction with different complex components. While TANK binds directly to the adapter NEMO, AZI2 is recruited later via deubiquitinase A20. In summary, our data show that TANK and AZI2 cooperatively sustain TBK1 activity during different stages of TNF receptor assembly to protect against autoinflammation.
Experts fail to reliably detect AI-generated histological data
Authors: Hartung Jan , Reuter Stefanie , Kulow Vera Anna , Fähling Michael , Spreckelsen Cord , Mrowka Ralf 
Published: November 2024

AbstractAI-based methods to generate images have seen unprecedented advances in recent years challenging both image forensic and human perceptual capabilities. Accordingly, these methods are expected to play an increasingly important role in the fraudulent fabrication of data. This includes images with complicated intrinsic structures such as histological tissue samples, which are harder to forge manually. Here, we use stable diffusion, one of the most recent generative algorithms, to create such a set of artificial histological samples. In a large study with over 800 participants, we study the ability of human subjects to discriminate between these artificial and genuine histological images. Although they perform better than naive participants, we find that even experts fail to reliably identify fabricated data. While participant performance depends on the amount of training data used, even low quantities are sufficient to create convincing images, necessitating methods and policies to detect fabricated data in scientific publications.