bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Propolis-based niosomes as oromuco-adhesive films: A randomized clinical trial of a therapeutic drug delivery platform for the treatment of oral recurrent aphthous ulcers
Authors: Arafa Mona G. , Ghalwash Dalia , El-Kersh Dina M. , Elmazar M. M. 
Published: December 2018

AbstractOromuco-adhesive films for buccal delivery of Propolis extract (PPE) entrapped in niosomes, were prepared to treat oral recurrent aphthous ulcer (RAU). PPE was investigated for antimicrobial compounds. Niosomes composed of span60 and cholesterol were evaluated for particles size, polydispersity index (PDI), zeta-potential, entrapment efficiency and in vitro release. The formed oromuco-adhesive films containing niosomal PPE were evaluated for swelling, mucoadhesion and elasticity. 24 patients suffering from RAU were divided equally into medicated and placebo groups and participated in this study to examine the onset of ulcer size reduction, complete healing and pain relief. Ultra-performance liquid chromatography-high resolution mass spectrometry revealed the presence of pinocembrin, pinobanksin, chrysin and galangin as antimicrobial flavonoids with total content of 158.7 ± 0.15 µg quercetin equivalents and phenolic content of 180.8 ± 0.11 µg gallic acid equivalents/mg. Multilamellar niosomes of 176–333 nm displayed entrapment efficiency of 91 ± 0.48%, PDI of 0.676 and zeta potential of −4.99. In vitro release after 8 h from niosomal dispersion and films were 64.05% and 29.09 ± 0.13% respectively. Clinical results revealed duration of film adherence from 2–4 h in the two groups. The onset of ulcer size reduction in medicated group was attained within second and third day, complete healing was achieved within first 10 days of treatment and pain relief lasted for more than 4–5 h, in contrast to the placebo group. This oromuco-adhesive films which offer controlled and targeting drug delivery can be proposed as a new therapeutic strategy in the treatment of oral recurrent aphthous ulcer.
Search for stellar spots in field blue horizontal-branch stars
Authors: Paunzen E. , Bernhard K. , Hümmerich S. , Janík J. , Semenko E. A. , Yakunin I. A. 
Published: December 2018

Context. Blue horizontal-branch stars are Population II objects which are burning helium in their core and possess a hydrogen-burning shell and radiative envelope. Because of their low rotational velocities, diffusion has been predicted to work in their atmospheres. In many respects, blue horizontal-branch stars closely resemble the magnetic chemically peculiar stars of the upper main sequence, which show photometric variability caused by abundance spots on their surfaces. These spots are thought to be caused by diffusion and the presence of a stable magnetic field. However, the latter does not seem to be axiomatic.
Aims. We searched for rotationally induced variability in 30 well-established bright field blue horizontal-branch stars in the solar neighbourhood and searched the literature for magnetic fields measurements of our targets.
Methods. We employed archival photometric time series data from the All Sky Automated Survey (ASAS), All-Sky Automated Survey for Supernovae (ASAS-SN), and Wide Angle Search for Planets (SuperWASP) surveys. The data were carefully reduced and processed, and a time series analysis was applied using several different techniques. We also synthesized existing photometric and spectroscopic data of magnetic chemically peculiar stars in order to study possible different surface characteristics producing lower amplitudes.
Results. In the accuracy limit of the employed data, no significant variability signals were found in our sample stars. The resulting upper limits for variability are given.
Conclusions. We conclude that either no stellar surface spots are present in field blue horizontal-branch stars, or their characteristics (contrast, total area, and involved elements) are not sufficient to produce amplitudes larger than a few millimagnitudes in the optical wavelength region. New detailed models taking into account the elemental abundance pattern of blue horizontal-branch stars are needed to synthesize light curves for a comparison with our results.
Comprehensive stellar seismic analysis
Authors: Farnir M. , Dupret M.-A. , Salmon S. J. A. J. , Noels A. , Buldgen G. 
Published: December 2018

Aims.We develop a method that provides a comprehensive analysis of the oscillation spectra of solar-like pulsators. We define new seismic indicators that should be as uncorrelated and as precise as possible and should hold detailed information about stellar interiors. This is essential to improve the quality of the results obtained from asteroseismology as it will provide better stellar models which in turn can be used to refine inferences made in exoplanetology and galactic archaeology.Methods.The presented method – WhoSGlAd – relies on Gram-Schmidt’s orthogonalisation process. A Euclidean vector sub-space of functions is defined and the oscillation frequencies are projected over an orthonormal basis in a specific order. This allowed us to obtain independent coefficients that we combined to define independent seismic indicators.Results.The developed method has been shown to be stable and to converge efficiently for solar-like pulsators. Thus, detailed and precise inferences can be obtained on the mass, the age, the chemical composition and the undershooting in the interior of the studied stars. However, attention has to be paid when studying the helium glitch as there seems to be a degeneracy between the influence of the helium abundance and that of the heavy elements on the glitch amplitude. As an example, we analyse the 16CygA (HD 186408) oscillation spectrum to provide an illustration of the capabilities of the method.
Accurate stellar parameters and distance to two evolved eclipsing binary systems, OGLE-BLG-ECL-123903 and OGLE-BLG-ECL-296596, towards the Galactic bulge
Authors: Suchomska K. , Graczyk D. , Pietrzyński G. , Gieren W. , Ostrowski J. , Smolec R. , Tkachenko A. , Górski M. , Karczmarek P. , Wielgórski P. , Zgirski B. , Thompson I. B. , Villanova S. , Pilecki B. , Taormina M. , Kołaczkowski Z. , Narloch W. , Soszyński I. 
Published: December 2018

Aims. Our aim is to obtain high-accuracy measurements of the physical and orbital parameters of two evolved eclipsing binary systems, and to use these measurements to study their evolutionary status. We also aim to derive the distances to the systems by using a surface brightness–colour relation and compare these distances with the measurements provided by Gaia.
Methods. We measured the physical and orbital parameters of both systems based on V-band and I-band photometry from OGLE, near-infrared photometry obtained with the NTT telescope and the instrument SOFI, as well as high-resolution spectra obtained at ESO 3.6m/HARPS and Clay 6.5/MIKE spectrographs. The light curves and radial-velocity curves were analysed with the Wilson–Devinney code.
Results. We analysed two double-lined eclipsing binary systems OGLE-BLG-ECL-123903 and OGLE-BLG-ECL-296596 from the Optical Gravitational Lensing Experiment (OGLE) catalogue. Both systems have a configuration of two well-detached giants stars. The masses of the components of OGLE-BLG-ECL-123903 are M1 = 2.045 ± 0.027 and M2 = 2.074 ± 0.023 M⊙ and the radii are R1 = 9.540 ± 0.049 and R2 = 9.052 ± 0.060 R⊙. For OGLE-BLG-ECL-296596, the masses are M1 = 1.093 ± 0.015 and M2 = 1.125 ± 0.014 M⊙, while the radii are R1 = 18.06 ± 0.28 and R2 = 29.80 ± 0.33 R⊙. Evolutionary status was discussed based on the isochrones and evolutionary tracks from PARSEC and MESA codes. The ages of the systems were established to be around 1.3 Gyr for the OGLE-BLG-ECL-123903 and 7.7 Gyr for the OGLE-BLG-ECL-296596. We also determined the distance to both systems. For OGLE-BLG-ECL-123903 this is equal to d = 2.95 ± 0.06 (stat.) ±0.07 (syst.) kpc, while for the OGLE-BLG-ECL-296596 it is d = 5.68 ± 0.07 (stat.) ±0.14 (syst.) kpc. This is the first analysis of its kind for these unique evolved eclipsing binary systems.
Comparison of Primary and Secondary Anterior Septal Reconstruction: A Cohort Study
Authors: Spataro Emily , Olds Cristen , Nuyen Brian , Kandathil Cherian , Most Sam 
Published: December 2018

AbstractThis article compares outcomes in patients presenting for either primary or secondary (revision) anterior septal reconstruction (ASR) to treat caudal septal deviation. Patients undergoing ASR by senior author (S. P. M.) between January 1, 2012 and September 1, 2017, with both preoperative and postoperative Nasal Obstruction Symptom Evaluation (NOSE) scores documented in the chart were included. Data were compared between patients undergoing primary and secondary ASR by univariable and multivariable logistic regression. A total of 199 patients were included in this study; 128 (64%) underwent primary ASR and 71 (36%) underwent secondary ASR. After multivariable analysis, a greater ratio of females and autologous rib graft harvest in the secondary compared with primary ASR, and decreased odds of inferior turbinate reduction in the secondary group was found. There was no significant difference in NOSE scores between the primary and secondary group, and there were very few complications or revision surgeries. While outcomes are similar between primary and secondary (revision) ASR to treat caudal septal deviation, there was a significantly higher rate of autologous rib harvest, highlighting the importance of addressing deviations of the caudal septum at the primary procedure to reduce morbidity related to rib graft harvest and revision surgery.
Contemporary Trends in the Surgical Management of Nasal Septal Perforations: A Community Survey
Authors: Kridel Russell , Delaney Sean 
Published: December 2018

AbstractThere currently exists an overabundance of publications advocating different septal perforation repair methods. The objective of this article was to examine the preponderance of techniques and trends in the surgical management of septal perforations in the practices of otolaryngologists, rhinologists, and facial plastic surgeons. The study was designed as a multicenter cross-sectional survey. The participants were members of the American Academy of Facial Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery and the American Rhinologic Society. Septal perforation closure rates and perforation repair approach, technique, and interposition graft material preferences were the main outcomes. A total of 320 respondents completed the survey, of whom 75% performed perforation repairs. The success rates in closing perforations < 1 cm, 1–2 cm, and > 2 cm were 84%, 64%, and 31%, respectively. The respondents had a similar preference for the endoscopic (52%) and external rhinoplasty (49%) approaches, followed by the endonasal approach (43%). Bilateral intranasal mucosal advancement flaps (79%) and unilateral intranasal mucosal rotational or advancement flaps (60%) were the favored repair techniques. Most respondents (84%) incorporated an interposition graft and intranasal splints (89%) for the repair, and the most popular interposition graft material was acellular dermis (63%). The self-reported perforation closure success rates in this survey were lower than those published in the literature, a phenomenon possibly explained by the premise that surgeons with favorable outcomes are more apt to share their results. The preferred surgical approach was evenly distributed between the external rhinoplasty and endoscopic approaches and influenced by a surgeon's training, perforation size and location, and the need for concomitant rhinoplasty. This study is the first to characterize contemporary community trends in the surgical closure of septal perforations and demonstrates that while preference for perforation repair approach among the respondents varied, surgeons favored septal perforation repair using bilateral intranasal mucosal advancement flaps with an interposition graft.
Disparities in NOSE Scores and Surgical Approaches among Patients Undergoing Functional Rhinoplasty
Authors: Gray Mingyang , Rousso Joseph , Hirsch Matthew , Rosenberg Joshua , Rozanski Collin 
Published: December 2018

AbstractSocial determinants of health have been widely studied throughout medicine; however, their role relating to functional rhinoplasty has not been previously evaluated. The records of 178 patients who underwent functional rhinoplasty in a single health network from 2013 to 2016 were reviewed. The Nasal Obstruction Symptom Evaluation (NOSE) score was used to assess patient-reported symptoms, and patients with both preoperative and postoperative NOSE scores were included in this study. Basic demographics and surgical techniques were also collected. Differences between NOSE scores and surgical approaches to functional rhinoplasty on the basis of insurance type were measured. One hundred and sixteen patients were included for analysis, the mean age was 34.7 years (standard deviation [SD] = 16.2) and 57 (49.1%) were female. Twenty-one (18.1%) patients had public insurance and, of these, 18 patients had Medicaid. Patients (mean, SD) with Medicaid insurance (56.39, 15.6) had a slightly greater improvement in NOSE scores compared with patients with non-Medicaid insurance (47.90, 25.6) (p = 0.067). There was no statistically significant difference in preoperative NOSE scores or postoperative improvement in NOSE scores between patients with different health insurance. Furthermore, there was no statistically significant difference in surgical approaches. The majority of patients receiving functional rhinoplasty had private insurance. Medicaid patients trended toward a greater NOSE score improvement after functional rhinoplasty, but also had a closer association with a history of nasal trauma and prior surgery. Future study is needed to better understand the association between socioeconomic status and disparities in care. Understanding how social determinants of health affect patients may reveal potential inherent biases, improve delivery of care, and translate to better patient outcomes.
Musculoskeletal Considerations in Female Patients with Chronic Pelvic Pain
Authors: Carrillo Jorge , Witzeman Kathryn , Alappattu Meryl , Lamvu Georgine 
Published: December 2018

AbstractPersistent pelvic pain conditions are common and affect nearly 25% of the female U.S. population. In a sizable proportion of pelvic pain patients, the pain is caused by musculoskeletal dysfunction; yet, healthcare providers do not routinely evaluate patients for musculoskeletal etiologies. This article provides an overview of the pathophysiology of persistent pelvic pain, as it relates to musculoskeletal disorders. The symptomatology, anatomy, evaluation, and treatment of these disorders are summarized specifically for healthcare providers (including gynecologists) who do not have pelvic musculoskeletal expertise.
Interventional Pain Management and Female Pelvic Pain: Considerations for Diagnosis and Treatment
Authors: Smith Sadie , Eckert Jill 
Published: December 2018

AbstractChronic pelvic pain (CPP) is a recurring and/or constant pain of at least six months duration that has resulted in either functional or psychological disability that can require interventional treatments. Chronic pelvic pain can be visceral, somatic, neuropathic, or a combination. Patients with CPP often suffer from concurrent bowel or bladder dysfunction, sexual dysfunction, depression, and anxiety. The complexity of chronic pelvic pain can be challenging to treat, which can lead to frustration for both patients and their physicians. Treatment should involve a comprehensive and multi-modal approach involving psychosocial support, counseling, physical therapy, medication management, and interventional procedures. This manuscript will focus both on the etiologies and the interventional treatment options for chronic pelvic pain.
The Effects of Resection Technique on Implant Migration in Single Radius Posterior-Stabilized Total Knee Replacement
Authors: Teeter Matthew G. , Perry Kevin , Yuan Xunhua , Howard James L. , Lanting Brent A. 
Published: December 2018

AbstractThe purpose of the present study was to measure the effects of gap balancing and resection techniques on migration of a single total knee replacement implant design. A total of 23 patients (24 knees) were recruited on referral to either a surgeon performing gap balancing or a surgeon performing measured resection and followed prospectively. All patients received a fixed bearing, posterior stabilized total knee replacement implant of a single radius femoral component design with cement fixation, and all aspects of care outside of resection technique were identical. Patients underwent radiostereometric analysis (RSA) at 2 weeks (baseline), 6 weeks, 3 months, 6 months, 1 year, and 2 years. Migration of the tibial and femoral components was compared between groups. Tibial component migration was greater at 2 years in the gap balancing group (mean difference = 0.336 mm, p = 0.036), but there was no difference at 1 year. One measured resection and three gap balancing tibial components demonstrated continuous migration > 0.2 mm between years 1 and 2. There was no difference in femoral component migration. Small differences in tibial component migration were found between the gap balancing and measured resection techniques. However, comparing the migration to established predictive thresholds for long-term loosening risk, implants performed with both techniques were found to have equally low revision risk.
Infant Feeding Practices and Perceived Optimal Breastfeeding Interventions among Low-Income Women Delivering at a Baby-Friendly Hospital
Authors: Lewkowitz Adam K. , Raghuraman Nandini , López Julia D. , Macones George A. , Cahill Alison G. 
Published: December 2018

Objective To determine infant feeding practices of low-income women at a Baby-Friendly Hospital and to ascertain breastfeeding interventions they believe would increase exclusive breastfeeding.
Study Design This cross-sectional study occurred at a tertiary care Baby-Friendly Hospital. Low-income women without breastfeeding contraindications were recruited at scheduled obstetrician/gynecologist appointments within 6 to 9 months of delivering a term, nonanomalous infant. Participants completed a survey. Outcomes included infant feeding patterns and perceived usefulness of proposed breastfeeding interventions.
Results Of 149 participants, 129 (86.6%) initiated breastfeeding; by postpartum day 2 (PPD2), 47 (31.5%) exclusively breastfed, 51 (34.2%) breastfed with formula, and 51 (34.2%) exclusively formula fed. On a scale of 1 (“strongly agree”) to 5 (“strongly disagree”), women who supplemented with formula on PPD2 were significantly more likely than those who exclusively formula fed to agree education on neonatal behavior, 1 (interquartile range [IQR] 1, 2) versus 2 (IQR 1, 3); p = 0.026 and on-demand access to breastfeeding videos on latch or positioning, 1 (IQR 1, 2) versus 2 (IQR 1, 3), p = 0.043; 1 (IQR 1, 2) versus 2 (IQR 1, 3), p = 0.021, respectively, would have helped them exclusively breastfeed.
Conclusion Though low-income women at a Baby-Friendly Hospital had high breastfeeding initiation rates, the majority used formula by PPD2. To increase breastfeeding rates among low-income women, future interventions should provide appropriate and effective breastfeeding interventions.
Nicht nur in den Rachen geschaut – HNO-Infektionen im Kindesalter
Authors: Prelog M. 
Published: December 2018

ZusammenfassungHNO-Infektionen stellen eine der häufigsten Ursachen (70 %) für die Vorstellung beim Pädiater dar. Unkomplizierte obere Atemwegsinfektionen imponieren oft als Rhinitis, Pharyngitis oder Laryngitis und werden zu 90–95 % durch etwa 200 verschiedene Viren verursacht, wobei Rhinoviren, Respiratory-syncitial-(RS)-, Influenza-, Parainfluenza, Adeno-, Coronaviren, humanes Metapneumovirus, Enteroviren und das humane Boca-virus zu den häufigsten Erregern gehören. Von den 5–10 % bakteriell verursachten Infektionen sind als häufigste Erreger Str. pneumoniae, H. influenzae, M. catarrhalis, St. aureus und Str. pyogenes zu nennen. Die Diagnose ist eine Zusammenschau aus Anamnese, klinischer Befunde und der epidemiologischen Situation, eine mikrobiologische Diagnostik ist selten gerechtfertigt. Die Behandlung erfolgt meist symptomatisch, bei bakteriellen Infektionen häufig antibiotisch. Risikofaktoren für einen komplizierten Verlauf sind das erste Lebensjahr, Frühgeburtlichkeit, Immundefekte und schwere chronische Krankheiten. Als Prophylaxe steht die Vermeidung der Erregertransmission (Tröpfchen oder Schmierinfektion) im Vordergrund.
Comparison of Leaf Moisture Content and Ignition Characteristics among Native Species and Exotic Conifers in Northwestern Patagonia, Argentina
Authors: Bianchi Lucas O , Oddi Facundo J , Muñoz Miriam , Defossé Guillermo E 
Published: December 2018

AbstractThe forest–steppe ecotone in Argentine Patagonia has been planted with non-native Pinus ponderosa, Pseudotsuga menziesii, Pinus radiata, and P. contorta. As in many other planted areas of the Southern Hemisphere, there is great concern about increasing landscape flammability. We determined, under lab conditions, live fuel moisture content (LFMC) and leaf ignition of these conifers, a naturalized poplar, and 13 native species. The mean LFMC was inversely related to leaf ignition of these species. The conifer LFMC was lower than that of most natives, making the conifers the most ignitable species. Pinus ponderosa and Pseudotsuga menziesii showed the spring dip phenomenon (i.e., low LFMC in early spring). Leaf ignition and LFMC may help elucidate some flammability components at species levels. At landscape scales, however, they have to be evaluated along with other landscape traits such as structure and stand composition. Understanding this landscape context will require full-scale experimental ﬁres. Nevertheless, our results provide useful information for fire danger assessment, and also for setting policies aimed at planning and applying appropriate silvicultural techniques for fire prevention and control, and hence reducing fire danger at stand or landscape levels.
A Note on 1-Motives
Authors: André Yves 
Published: December 2018

AbstractWe prove that for $1$-motives defined over an algebraically closed subfield of $\mathbf{C}$, viewed as Nori motives, the motivic Galois group coincides with the Mumford–Tate group. In particular, the Hodge realization of the Tannakian category of Nori motives generated by $1$-motives is fully faithful. This result extends an earlier result by the author, according to which Hodge cycles on abelian varieties are motivated (a weak form of the Hodge conjecture).
Pity the Exiled: Turkish Academics in Exile, the Problem of Compassion in Politics and the Promise of Dis-exile
Authors: Sertdemir Özdemir Seçkin 
Published: December 2018

AbstractGrounded in the moral responsibility to help those who seek assistance and refuge, humanitarian-aid organizations occupy a central place in our contemporary social life. The question arises as to whether the humanitarian response can provide solutions for those exiled by political persecution. In interdisciplinary work in political philosophy and ethnography, I examine the experiences of politically exiled scholars from Turkey who have received temporary postdoctoral fellowships in European institutions of higher learning through ‘academics at risk’ organizations fashioned on humanitarian principles. Welcomed in their European hostlands as ‘victims’ of and ‘refugees’ from autocratic countries, these academics have become marginalized by an anonymizing victim–saviour discourse perfused with the moral sentiments of pity and compassion. Rejecting the emptying-out of their political agency and critical academic acumen by such humanitarian gestures, they have turned to strategies of ‘dis-exile’ that seek to reintroduce singularity, collective action and solidarity into the political realm.