bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A 2-Year Follow-up Study of an Absorbable Implant to Treat Nasal Valve Collapse
Authors: San Nicoló Marion , Stelter Klaus , Sadick Haneen , Bas Murat , Berghaus Alexander 
Published: September 2018

AbstractThe safety and effectiveness of an absorbable implant for lateral cartilage support have been recently demonstrated in subjects with nasal valve collapse (NVC) at 12 months postprocedure. This follow-up study aimed to assess whether the safety and effectiveness of the implant persist in these patients for 24 months after the procedure. Thirty subjects with Nasal Obstruction Symptom Evaluation (NOSE) score ≥ 55 and isolated NVC were treated; 14 cases were performed in an operating suite under general anesthesia and 16 cases were performed in a clinic-based setting under local anesthesia. The implant, a polylactic acid copolymer, was placed with a delivery tool within the nasal wall to provide lateral cartilage support. Subjects were followed up through 24 months postprocedure. Fifty-six implants were placed in 30 subjects. The mean preoperative NOSE score was 76.7 ± 14.8, with a range of 55 to 100. At 24 months, the mean score was 32.0 ± 29.3, reflecting an average within-patient reduction of −44.0 ± 31.1 points. There were no device-related adverse events in the 12 to 24 months period. There were five subjects who exited the study prior to the 24-month follow-up. Four of the five subjects who exited were elected for further intervention and one subject was lost to follow-up. This study demonstrates safety of an absorbable implant for lateral nasal wall support and symptom improvement in some subjects with NVC at 24 months postprocedure.
Risk syndromes, clinical staging & DSM V
Authors: McGorry P. 
Published: September 2018

SummaryWhile it has long been recognised that the need for care in psychiatry substantially precedes the point that a diagnosis can be made according to classical concepts, defining the initial characteristics of the early stages of the major psychiatric syndromes remains a controversial issue. Our current diagnostic systems do not acknowledge the complex evolution of the early stages of the major mental disorders, and thus where to set the boundary between mental health and ill-health, i.e. determining the „need for care“ and hence the range and sequence of interventions to be offered is one of the key questions facing psychiatry today. What is needed is a heuristic strategy that aims to clarify as early as possible which people experiencing emotional and behavioural disturbances are at specific risk of persistent and disabling mental illness, and the sequence of established and novel therapeutic strategies that is most likely to achieve remission of their current symptoms and reduce the risk of persistence and recurrence. Since the initial operationalization of the clinical criteria denoting ultra-high risk for transition to psychosis 15 years ago, there has been substantial progress in confirming their predictive validity, and demonstrating that the risk that they confer can be reduced by psychosocial and drug therapies. This research has led to the idea of the “common risk syndrome” which precedes progression along the trajectories to more specific target syndromes such as the mood disorders or schizophrenia. Here, I propose that there is a need to research and operationalise criteria for an initial syndrome linked to the need for care of the simplest type, and to clearly define criteria that constitute the “common risk syndrome”. Research towards these goals is crucial not only to allow the selection the safest, most effective treatments appropriate for a particular stage of illness, but also for the ordering of the confusing array of disturbances seen during the development of mental illness into something resembling a clinicopathological approach.
Schattauer Experten-Seminare Psychotherapie
Authors: Weiß Maria 
Published: September 2018

SummaryDie Redensart „Man lernt nie aus” betrifft insbesondere Berufstätige im Medizinbereich, die auf Weiterbildung setzen müssen, um ihre Patienten nach den neuesten Anforderungen behandeln zu können. Lebenslanges Lernen ist für Psychotherapeutinnen und –therapeuten daher ein Wesensmerkmal ihrer Professionalität: Vor allem auch in der Interaktion mit Supervisoren und erfahrenen Kollegen entstehen neue Impulse und Erfahrungen, die das therapeutische Repertoire weiter entwickeln.
Ultradian calcium rhythms in the paraventricular nucleus and subparaventricular zone in the hypothalamus
Authors: Wu Yu-Er , Enoki Ryosuke , Oda Yoshiaki , Huang Zhi-Li , Honma Ken-ichi , Honma Sato 
Published: September 2018

SignificanceDespite that the various functions in mammals fluctuate in the ultradian fashion, the origin and mechanism of the rhythm are largely unknown. In this study, we found synchronous ultradian calcium rhythms in the hypothalamic paraventricular nucleus (PVN), subparaventricular zone (SPZ), and suprachiasmatic nucleus (SCN). The ultradian rhythms were originated from the SPZ-PVN region and transmitted to the SCN. Neurochemical interventions revealed that the glutamatergic mechanism is critical for generation and a tetrodotoxin-sensitive neural network for synchrony of the ultradian rhythm. The GABAergic system could have a role in refining the circadian output signals. The study provides the first clue to understand the loci and mechanism of ultradian rhythm in the hypothalamus.
Identification of cell populations necessary for leaf-to-leaf electrical signaling in a wounded plant
Authors: Nguyen Chi Tam , Kurenda Andrzej , Stolz Stéphanie , Chételat Aurore , Farmer Edward E. 
Published: September 2018

Significance
Numerous modes of long-distance electrical signaling exist in nature. The best known of these, axonal conduction, requires one primary cell population, i.e., neurons. In contrast, the cell types that mediate leaf-to-leaf electrical signaling in wounded plants have not been defined rigorously. Using genetic approaches, we find that two distinct populations of cells in the vasculature matrix are needed to perform this function. Surprisingly, these cells do not contact each other directly. As we further defined the plant wound response, we found that wound-induced membrane depolarizations preceded large intravasculature calcium fluxes. We reveal a two-cell-type mode of electrical signaling in leaves and discuss parallels and differences in electrical signaling outside the plant kingdom.
GIRK currents in VTA dopamine neurons control the sensitivity of mice to cocaine-induced locomotor sensitization
Authors: Rifkin Robert A. , Huyghe Deborah , Li Xiaofan , Parakala Manasa , Aisenberg Erin , Moss Stephen J. , Slesinger Paul A. 
Published: September 2018

Significance
Activation of G protein-gated inwardly rectifying potassium (GIRK) channels inhibits neuronal activity in the brain, but details are lacking on how this important pathway influences neural circuits in the reward pathway. Here, we provide an example of where control of trafficking of GIRK channels by a cytoplasmic protein, sorting nexin 27, determines the sensitivity of mice to cocaine in a model of addiction known as locomotor sensitization. These results implicate GIRK channels as a therapeutic target for treating addiction, as well as other psychiatric disorders involving dopamine dysregulation.
Designing a century ahead: climate change adaptation in the Dutch Delta
Authors: Bloemen Pieter , Van Der Steen Martijn , Van Der Wal Zeger 
Published: September 2018

AbstractThis article examines policy capacity for dealing with the effects of climate change. The case under study is the Delta Program in the Netherlands; a large-scale policy program to prepare the country for current and anticipated effects of climate change that runs until 2050. Using a qualitative case study approach, we examine how the actors involved design analytical capacity, operational capacity and political capacity to deal with the uncertainty and complexity that are inherent in this policy field. The context of climate change necessitates policy capacity that anticipates effects that are in themselves uncertain and ambiguous, span over decades of time, and involve many stakeholders. Our analysis shows how policy capacity was designed to allow for present-day interventions, while also enabling adaptation to new and emerging developments overtime. We conclude our article with theoretical and practical lessons about policy capacity for dealing with long-term uncertainty and complexity.
Powerful and efficient SNP-set association tests across multiple phenotypes using GWAS summary data
Authors: Guo Bin , Wu Baolin 
Published: September 2018

Abstract

Motivation
Many GWAS conducted in the past decade have identified tens of thousands of disease related variants, which in total explained only part of the heritability for most traits. There remain many more genetics variants with small effect sizes to be discovered. This has motivated the development of sequencing studies with larger sample sizes and increased resolution of genotyped variants, e.g., the ongoing NHLBI Trans-Omics for Precision Medicine (TOPMed) whole genome sequencing project. An alternative approach is the development of novel and more powerful statistical methods. The current dominating approach in the field of GWAS analysis is the “single trait single variant” association test, despite the fact that most GWAS are conducted in deeply-phenotyped cohorts with many correlated traits measured. In this paper, we aim to develop rigorous methods that integrate multiple correlated traits and multiple variants to improve the power to detect novel variants. In recognition of the difficulty of accessing raw genotype and phenotype data due to privacy and logistic concerns, we develop methods that are applicable to publicly available GWAS summary data.

Results
We build rigorous statistical models for GWAS summary statistics to motivate novel multi-trait SNP-set association tests, including variance component test, burden test and their adaptive test, and develop efficient numerical algorithms to quickly compute their analytical P-values. We implement the proposed methods in an open source R package. We conduct thorough simulation studies to verify the proposed methods rigorously control type I errors at the genome-wide significance level, and further demonstrate their utility via comprehensive analysis of GWAS summary data for multiple lipids traits and glycemic traits. We identified many novel loci that were not detected by the individual trait based GWAS analysis.

Availability and implementation
We have implemented the proposed methods in an R package freely available at http://www.github.com/baolinwu/MSKAT.

Supplementary information
Supplementary data are available at Bioinformatics online.
CINNA: an R/CRAN package to decipher Central Informative Nodes in Network Analysis
Authors: Ashtiani Minoo , Mirzaie Mehdi , Jafari Mohieddin 
Published: September 2018

Abstract

Motivation
Centrality analysis involves a series of ambiguities in that there are numerous well-known centrality measures with differing algorithms for establishing which nodes in a network are essential. There is no clearly preferred measure or means of deciding which measure is most germane to a given network with respect to node essentiality vis-à-vis topological features. Our aim here was to develop an instrument that enables comparisons among potentially appropriate centrality measures to be made with respect to network structure and thereby to support the identification of the most informative measure according to dimensional reduction methods.

Methods
The Central Informative Nodes in Network Analysis (CINNA) package introduced herein gathers all required functions for centrality analysis in weighted/unweighted and directed/undirected networks. Then, it compares, assorts and visualizes centrality measures to select which best describes the node importance.

Availability and implementation
CINNA is available in CRAN, including a tutorial. URL: https://cran.r-project.org/web/packages/CINNA/index.html.
Saccadic Adaptation Boosts Ongoing Gamma Activity in a Subsequent Visuoattentional Task
Authors: Nicolas Judith , Bompas Aline , Bouet Romain , Sillan Olivier , Koun Eric , Urquizar Christian , Bidet-Caulet Aurélie , Pélisson Denis 
Published: September 2018

AbstractAttention and saccadic adaptation (SA) are critical components of visual perception, the former enhancing sensory processing of selected objects, the latter maintaining the eye movements accuracy toward them. Recent studies propelled the hypothesis of a tight functional coupling between these mechanisms, possibly due to shared neural substrates. Here, we used magnetoencephalography to investigate for the first time the neurophysiological bases of this coupling and of SA per se. We compared visual discrimination performance of 12 healthy subjects before and after SA. Eye movements and magnetic signals were recorded continuously. Analyses focused on gamma band activity (GBA) during the pretarget period of the discrimination and the saccadic tasks. We found that GBA increases after SA. This increase was found in the right hemisphere for both postadaptation saccadic and discrimination tasks. For the latter, GBA also increased in the left hemisphere. We conclude that oculomotor plasticity involves GBA modulation within an extended neural network which persists after SA, suggesting a possible role of gamma oscillations in the coupling between SA and attention.
Gestational Stress Augments Postpartum β-Amyloid Pathology and Cognitive Decline in a Mouse Model of Alzheimer’s Disease
Authors: Jafari Zahra , Mehla Jogender , Kolb Bryan E , Mohajerani Majid H 
Published: September 2018

Abstract
Besides well-known risk factors for Alzheimer’s disease (AD), stress, and in particular noise stress (NS), is a lifestyle risk factor common today. It is known that females are at a significantly greater risk of developing AD than males, and given that stress is a common adversity in females during pregnancy, we hypothesized that gestational noise exposure could exacerbate the postpartum development of the AD-like neuropathological changes during the life span. Pregnant APPNL-G-F/NL-G-F mice were randomly assigned to either the stress condition or control group. The stress group was exposed to the NS on gestational days 12–16, which resulted in a markedly higher hypothalamic–pituitary–adrenal (HPA) axis responsivity during the postpartum stage. Higher amyloid-β (Aβ) deposition and larger Aβ plaque size in the olfactory area were the early onset impacts of the gestational stress (GS) seen at the age of 4 months. This pattern of increased Aβ aggregation and larger plaque size were observed in various brain areas involved in both AD and stress regulation, especially in limbic structures, at the age of 6 months. The GS also produced anxiety-like behavior, deficits in learning and memory, and impaired motor coordination. The findings suggest that environmental stresses during pregnancy pose a potential risk factor in accelerating postpartum cognitive decline and AD-like neuropathological changes in the dams (mothers) later in life.
Rapid Molecular Diagnostics to Inform Empiric Use of Ceftazidime/Avibactam and Ceftolozane/Tazobactam Against Pseudomonas aeruginosa: PRIMERS IV
Authors: Evans Scott R , Tran Thuy Tien T , Hujer Andrea M , Hill Carol B , Hujer Kristine M , Mediavilla Jose R , Manca Claudia , Domitrovic T Nicholas , Perez Federico , Farmer Michael , Pitzer Kelsey M , Wilson Brigid M , Kreiswirth Barry N , Patel Robin , Jacobs Michael R , Chen Liang , Fowler Vance G , Chambers Henry F , Bonomo Robert A 
Published: September 2018

AbstractBackgroundOvercoming β-lactam resistance in pathogens such as Pseudomonas aeruginosa is a major clinical challenge. Rapid molecular diagnostics (RMDs) have the potential to inform selection of empiric therapy in patients infected by P. aeruginosa.MethodsIn this study, we used a heterogeneous collection of 197 P. aeruginosa that included multidrug-resistant isolates to determine whether 2 representative RMDs (Acuitas Resistome test and VERIGENE gram-negative blood culture test) could identify susceptibility to 2 newer β-lactam/β-lactamase inhibitor (BL-BLI) combinations, ceftazidime/avibactam (CZA) and ceftolozane/tazobactam (TOL/TAZO).ResultsWe found that the studied RMD platforms were able to correctly identify BL-BLI susceptibility (susceptibility sensitivity, 100%; 95% confidence interval [CI], 97%, 100%) for both BLs-BLIs. However, their ability to detect resistance to these BLs-BLIs was lower (resistance sensitivity, 66%; 95% CI, 52%, 78% for TOL/TAZO and 33%; 95% CI, 20%, 49% for CZA).ConclusionsThe diagnostic platforms studied showed the most potential in scenarios where a resistance gene was detected or in scenarios where a resistance gene was not detected and the prevalence of resistance to TOL/TAZO or CZA is known to be low. Clinicians need to be mindful of the benefits and risks that result from empiric treatment decisions that are based on resistance gene detection in P. aeruginosa, acknowledging that such decisions are impacted by the prevalence of resistance, which varies temporally and geographically.
Extensive evaluation of the generalized relevance network approach to inferring gene regulatory networks
Authors: Kuzmanovski Vladimir , Todorovski Ljupčo , Džeroski Sašo 
Published: September 2018

Abstract

Background
The generalized relevance network approach to network inference reconstructs network links based on the strength of associations between data in individual network nodes. It can reconstruct undirected networks, i.e., relevance networks, sensu stricto, as well as directed networks, referred to as causal relevance networks. The generalized approach allows the use of an arbitrary measure of pairwise association between nodes, an arbitrary scoring scheme that transforms the associations into weights of the network links, and a method for inferring the directions of the links. While this makes the approach powerful and flexible, it introduces the challenge of finding a combination of components that would perform well on a given inference task.

Results
We address this challenge by performing an extensive empirical analysis of the performance of 114 variants of the generalized relevance network approach on 47 tasks of gene network inference from time-series data and 39 tasks of gene network inference from steady-state data. We compare the different variants in a multi-objective manner, considering their ranking in terms of different performance metrics. The results suggest a set of recommendations that provide guidance for selecting an appropriate variant of the approach in different data settings.

Conclusions
The association measures based on correlation, combined with a particular scoring scheme of asymmetric weighting, lead to optimal performance of the relevance network approach in the general case. In the two special cases of inference tasks involving short time-series data and/or large networks, association measures based on identifying qualitative trends in the time series are more appropriate.
Development of epibenthic assemblages on artificial habitat associated with marine renewable infrastructure
Authors: Sheehan E V , Cartwright A Y , Witt M J , Attrill M J , Vural M , Holmes L A 
Published: September 2018

AbstractOffshore marine renewable energy installations (MREI) introduce structure into the marine environment and can locally exclude destructive, bottom trawl fishing. These effects have the potential to aid restoration of degraded seabed habitats but may be constrained by timescales of ecological succession following MREI construction, and the removal of infrastructure during decommissioning. To inform managers about appropriate decommissioning strategies, a 25 km cable and associated rock armouring (Wave Hub, UK), installed on rocky reef, was monitored up to 5 years post-deployment. The epibenthic Assemblage composition, and Number of taxa remained significantly different from surrounding controls, while Abundance was similar in all survey years between the cable and controls. Six morphotaxa showed four patterns of colonization on cable plots compared to the controls: (i) Early colonization, which remained in greater abundances (Porifera), (ii) early colonization, converging (Turf), (iii) slow colonization, converging Anthozoa and Vertebrata), and (iv) slow colonization, remaining lower in abundance (Tunicata and Echinodermata). The environmental relevance of this MREI is considered relatively benign as it covers 0.01% of the surrounding bioregion, appears to be supporting similar assemblages to the surrounding habitat, and exhibited minimal evidence of invasive species (three records of two non-native species). Longer monitoring timescales are required to provide comprehensive, site-specific decommissioning advice.
Emergent three-dimensional sperm motility: coupling calcium dynamics and preferred curvature in a Kirchhoff rod model
Authors: Carichino Lucia , Olson Sarah D 
Published: September 2018

AbstractChanges in calcium concentration along the sperm flagellum regulate sperm motility and hyperactivation, characterized by an increased flagellar bend amplitude and beat asymmetry, enabling the sperm to reach and penetrate the ovum (egg). The signalling pathways by which calcium increases within the flagellum are well established. However, the exact mechanisms of how calcium regulates flagellar bending are still under investigation. We extend our previous model of planar flagellar bending by developing a fluid-structure interaction model that couples the 3D motion of the flagellum in a viscous Newtonian fluid with the evolving calcium concentration. The flagellum is modelled as a Kirchhoff rod: an elastic rod with preferred curvature and twist. The calcium dynamics are represented as a 1D reaction–diffusion model on a moving domain, the flagellum. The two models are coupled assuming that the preferred curvature and twist of the sperm flagellum depend on the local calcium concentration. To investigate the effect of calcium on sperm motility, we compare model results of flagellar bend amplitude and swimming speed for three cases: planar, helical (spiral with equal amplitude in both directions), and quasi-planar (spiral with small amplitude in one direction). We observe that for the same parameters, the planar swimmer is faster and a turning motion is more clearly observed when calcium coupling is accounted for in the model. In the case of flagellar bending coupled to the calcium concentration, we observe emergent trajectories that can be characterized as a hypotrochoid for both quasi-planar and helical bending.
Rationalizing phonon dispersion for lattice thermal conductivity of solids
Authors: Chen Zhiwei , Zhang Xinyue , Lin Siqi , Chen Lidong , Pei Yanzhong 
Published: September 2018

Abstract
Lattice thermal conductivity (κL) is one of the most fundamental properties of solids. The acoustic–elastic-wave assumption, proposed by Debye (Debye P. Ann Phys 1912; 344: 789–839), has led to linear phonon dispersion being the most common approximation for understanding phonon transport over the past century. Such an assumption does not take into account the effect of a periodic boundary condition on the phonon dispersion, originating from the nature of periodicity on atomic arrangements. Driven by modern demands on the thermal functionality of materials, with κL ranging from ultra-low to ultra-high, any deviation from the Debye approximation in real materials becomes more and more significant. This work takes into account the periodic boundary condition, and therefore rationalizes the phonon dispersion to be more realistic. This significantly improves the precision for quickly predicting κL without any fitting parameters, as demonstrated in hundreds of materials, and offers a theoretical basis rationalizing κL to be lower than the minimum currently accepted based on the Debye dispersion. This work paves the way for designing solids with expected κL and particularly inspires the advancement of low-κL materials for thermal energy applications.