bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Design and protocol for a pragmatic randomised study to optimise screening, prevention and care for tuberculosis and HIV in Malawi (PROSPECT Study)
Authors: MacPherson Peter , Webb Emily L , Lalloo David G. , Nliwasa Marriott , Maheswaran Hendramoorthy , Joekes Elizabeth , Phiri Dama , Squire Bertie , Pai Madhukar , Corbett Elizabeth L 
Published: July 2018

Background: Adults seeking diagnosis and treatment for tuberculosis (TB) and HIV in low-resource settings face considerable barriers and have high pre-treatment mortality. Efforts to improve access to prompt TB treatment have been hampered by limitations in TB diagnostics, with considerable uncertainty about how available and new tests can best be implemented. Design and methods: The PROSPECT Study is an open, three-arm pragmatic randomised study that will investigate the effectiveness and cost-effectiveness of optimised HIV and TB diagnosis and linkage to care interventions in reducing time to TB diagnosis and prevalence of undiagnosed TB and HIV in primary care in Blantyre, Malawi. Participants (≥ 18 years) attending a primary care clinic with TB symptoms (cough of any duration) will be randomly allocated to one of three groups: (i) standard of care; (ii) optimised HIV diagnosis and linkage; or (iii) optimised HIV and TB diagnosis and linkage. We will test two hypotheses: firstly, whether prompt linkage to HIV care should be prioritised for adults with TB symptoms; and secondly, whether an optimised TB triage testing algorithm comprised of digital chest x-ray evaluated by computer-aided diagnosis software and sputum GeneXpert MTB/Rif can outperform clinician-directed TB screening. The primary trial outcome will be time to TB treatment initiation by day 56, and secondary outcomes will include prevalence of undiagnosed TB and HIV, mortality, quality of life, and cost-effectiveness. Conclusions: The PROSPECT Study will provide urgently-needed evidence under “real-life” conditions to inform clinicians and policy makers on how best to improve TB/HIV diagnosis and treatment in Africa. Clinical trial registration: NCT03519425 (08/05/2018)
The Construct of ‘Respect’ in Teacher-Student Relationships: Exploring Dimensions of Ethics of Care and Sustainable Development
Authors: Thompson Canute S. 
Published: July 2018

This study examines the construct of respect, its manifestations in teacher-student relationships, and it relationship to ethics of care and sustainable development. The study found that students place a high premium on being respected by their teachers and measure expressions of respect chiefly through the attention received through listening. Students’ perspectives on the quality of the schools’ leadership and the teaching and learning environment were found to be shaped by their assessments of the degree to which they feel respected. In a number bivariate correlations, the study found strong, positive correlations between the variable ‘listening’ and other variables that characterize the teacher-student relationship, in particular respect for teachers and principals and comfort with the teaching and learning environment.
The study makes the case that the act of showing respect is a critical component of the ethics of care and sustainable development. The study recommends that one strategy that teachers and educational administrators should adopt in seeking to strengthen teacher-student relationships, exert positive influence on students’ behaviours and academic performance, and thus ensure the sustainability of healthy social environments is to invest in the creation of organizational cultures and administrative systems and processes that create the avenues through which respect for students can be demonstrably seen.
Artırılmış Gerçeklik Uygulamalarının İlkokul Öğrencilerinin Artırılmış Gerçeklik Uygulamalarına Yönelik Tutumlarına ve Fen Motivasyonlarına Etkisi
Authors: İzgi onbaşılı Ümit 
Published: July 2018

Bu araştırmanın amacı artırılmış gerçeklik (AG)
uygulamalarının ilkokul dördüncü sınıf öğrencilerinin artırılmış gerçeklik
uygulamalarına yönelik tutumlarına ve fen öğrenmeye yönelik motivasyonlarına
etkisini incelemektir. Araştırmada nitel ve nicel desenlerin birlikte
kullanıldığı karma yöntem desenlerinden açımlayıcı sıralı model kullanılmıştır.
Araştırma; 2017-2018 öğretim yılında bir
devlet okulundaki ilkokul 4. sınıf öğrencileriyle (24 öğrenci) yürütülmüştür. Üç
hafta süresince derslerde AG kartları kullanılarak dersler işlenmiştir. Araştırmada
Küçük, Yılmaz, Baydaş ve Göktaş (2014) tarafından geliştirilen “Artırılmış
Gerçeklik Uygulamaları Tutum Ölçeği” (AGUTÖ), Dede ve Yaman (2008) tarafından
geliştirilen “Fen Öğrenmeye Yönelik Motivasyon Ölçeği” ve öğrencilerin AG
uygulamalarına yönelik görüşlerini almak amacıyla araştırmacı tarafından
geliştirilen dört açık uçlu sorudan oluşan görüşme formu kullanılmıştır. Araştırma
sonucunda AG uygulamalarının öğrencilerin AG uygulamalarına yönelik tutumları
ve fen öğrenmeye yönelik motivasyonları üzerinde anlamlı fark yarattığı sonucu
elde edilmiştir. Öğrencilerin açık uçlu sorulara verdikleri yanıtlar
incelendiğinde, sınıfta AG uygulamalarıyla ders işlemenin eğlenceli olduğu,
derse karşı ilgilerini arttırdığı, öğrenmelerini kolaylaştırdığı, özellikle Fen
Bilimleri dersi başta olmak üzere Matematik, Türkçe ve Sosyal Bilgiler
derslerinde de AG uygulamalarının
kullanılmasını istedikleri belirlenmiştir.
Febre Amarela: Sua Perspectiva No Brasil
Authors: Costa Raissa De Moura , Facioli Larissa De Souza , Reis Thainá Desiree Franco dos , De Sá Odila Rigolin , Bernardes Nicole Blanco 
Published: July 2018

Em pleno século XVII, ocorreu o primeiro surto de febre amarela em terras brasileiras, mais especificamente no nordeste. Ao passar dos anos, com a expansão territorial, a doença se alastrou para outras localidades, gerando novos casos epidemiológicos e tornando-se assim uma doença reemergente. Portanto, objetivo deste trabalho é discutir as características da febre amarela, tais como sua letalidade, epidemiologia, tratamento e diagnóstico e também sua gravidade juntamente com a importância da prevenção no Brasil. As buscas foram realizadas em duas bases de dados bibliográficos, sendo estes SciELO (Scientific Eletronic Libray Online) e Google Acadêmico. Foram selecionados artigos do período de 1976 a 2017. A febre amarela possui origens históricas, sendo trazida dos navios negreiros na época da colonização. Essa doença possui ciclo urbano e silvestre, apresentando os vetores. Atualmente, a doença ocorre em ciclos de seis a sete anos, sendo classificada como reemergente, em áreas de zona rural e nos principais estados de Minas Gerais e São Paulo. Fica claro, portanto, que a febre amarela é uma doença que se proliferou devido ao avanço da urbanização e da ineficácia de políticas públicas para erradicá-la. Logo a melhor forma para proteção é a conscientização da população e a preservação ambiental.
Professor e Coordenador: Parceiros no Trabalho Pedagógico
Authors: Barreto Maria Irisdene Batista , Uchoa Sayonara Abrantes de Oliveira , Cabral Symara Abrantes Albuquerque de Oliveira , Batista Hermes Melo Teixeira 
Published: July 2018

Apresenta as reflexões acerca da construção do conceito de trabalho docente, situação que, nos últimos anos, tem levado em conta uma abordagem discursiva e, vários elementos constitutivos da atividade educacional. Partimos então do pressuposto de que a prática docente realizada de forma satisfatória deve ser construída com base na investigação. Assim, objetiva analisar as representações que uma professora e uma coordenadora têm acerca das prescrições que são determinadas para orientar o agir de ambas. Os dados que compõem o corpus foram coletados a partir de uma entrevista semiestruturada com uma professora recém-formada que leciona língua portuguesa em uma escola do estado da cidade de Cajazeiras e outra que é psicopedagoga e atua como coordenadora pedagógica no IFPB, na cidade de Princesa Isabel no estado da Paraíba. Sob a ótica da linha teórica do Interacionismo Sociodiscursivo (ISD) (BRONCKART, 2008) e, em especial, à luz dos conceitos oriundos das Ciências do trabalho (SAUJAT 2004; BUENO, 2009) estabelecemos a ponte entre linguagem e trabalho educacional a fim de compreender a atividade docente, ancora-se, ainda, em Bronckart e Machado (2004), Saujat (2004), Bueno (2009), Machado (2009), entre outros. Contribui, pois, para a reflexão sobre parcerias necessárias ao ensino.
Implantação do serviço de atenção farmacêutica em uma farmácia comunitária: um estudo exploratório na cidade de São José do Belmonte –PE
Authors: Matias Aldemir Severo , Miranda Thiago Adolfo Sobreira 
Published: July 2018

A Atenção Farmacêutica é uma ação de que traz inúmeros benefícios tanto para a organização como para a população de um município, sendo assim expressa-se que o farmacêutico tem papel fundamental neste processo de farmacoterapia. Esta prática vem sendo muito abordada na atualidade tanto no meio acadêmico como as farmácias e drogarias, visando-se práticas de saúde e promoção de laços de relacionamentos eficazes entre a organização e os clientes diante da satisfação e fidelização dos mesmos. Neste meio, o presente artigo buscou discutir a implantação da Atenção Farmacêutica em um município do interior de Pernambuco, através de um estudo exploratório e de observações diárias, sendo necessário relatar que na empresa escolhida para estudo de campo teve resultados satisfatórios gerando-se uma implantação realista de atenção e assistência farmacêutica diante dos desafios diários das atividades do profissional farmacêutico. Os resultados obtidos permitem demonstrar que a atenção farmacêutica é um importante aliado para maximização as saúde através de ações de promoções de saúde municipal trazendo adequação a utilização dos medicamentos, fidelização do cliente com a organização através de laços de relacionamento e confiança, diminuição de auto-medicação. Conclui-se assim que o farmacêutico contribui bastante para melhoria do relacionamento cliente/empresa através da Atenção Farmacêutica diante do acompanhamento eficaz e monitoramento das posologias corretas de medicamentos, visando não apenas vender remédios e sim promover saúde a população. Diante disso espera-se que o presente estudo possa contribuir para pesquisas futuras na atual temática abordada.
Percepção sobre o Assédio Moral na Assembleia Legislativa do Estado de Alagoas: Uma Concepção em Construção
Authors: Brasileiro Sinara Márcia De Mendonça Lopes , Dávalos Celina Ortiz 
Published: July 2018

Esta pesquisa visa a analisar a forma como acontece o assédio moral na administração pública no Estado de Alagoas, principalmente, na Assembleia Legislativa de Alagoas. Para tanto, foi utilizado o método de pesquisa quantitativo e o qualitativo com alcance descritivo e exploratório. A população do local é formada por funcionários públicos, efetivos, da Assembleia Legislativa de Alagoas, que atualmente é composta por 750 trabalhadores, em exercício de suas funções. No entanto, a amostra da pesquisa, composta por 150 foram funcionários que participaram do estudo, no período do ano de 2015 a 2016, selecionados de maneira aleatória, e o levantamento dos dados foi feito através de questionários. Os resultados levaram a crer que o assédio moral, na Assembleia Legislativa de Alagoas, acontece de forma sutil, por intermédio de brincadeiras , no cotidiano laboral, que são consideradas natural, em virtude da cultura local, mas, na realidade, trata-se de violências e de agressões psicológicas no ambiente de trabalho. Repercutem na vida particular e profissional do trabalhador, já que o expõem a situações vexatórias, constrangedoras, em forma de ameaças veladas, isolamentos, deixando o trabalhador ocioso, espalhando calúnias e fofocas com a intenção de denegrir a reputação das vítimas, o que gera prejuízos a sua autoestima, a sua saúde física e mental, interferindo no desempenho profissional do trabalhador.
Finite Element Analysis of R.C Beams Using Steel Scraps Under Cyclic Loading Using ETABS
Authors: Subramani T , Nashreen R 
Published: July 2018

In the modern trend peoples are looking for alternate material which is cost effective and high stability in while subject to dynamic loading. Considering this as one of the factor in our proposed we choose steel scrap as reinforced material which has high durability and strength. To find out the withstanding capacity of the dynamic loading model the structure using finite element software and analysis to predict the safety of the structure. From the analysis result we conclude for preventive measure of the structural failure and utilization of extra dampers has find out. To validating the result, analytical work is carried out and implemented by using ETAB software.
A Broad Survey on Performance Analysis of Number Plate Recognition from Stationary Images and Video Sequences
Authors: Khan Tahir , J S Yadav Dr , Dheeraj Agarwal Dr 
Published: July 2018

Licensed Number plate recognition plays vital role in smart cities for maintaining Law & Order and traffic management. NPR based system mainly involves four stages namely 1) Image capture & Pre-Processing 2) Number plate area determination 3) Character Segmentations 4) Recognition of all character. This survey paper extensively analyzed the method of extraction of number plate, its platform, performance and execution time. With the development of Multilayer Perceptron Network accuracy and time in image processing has been achieved up to a great instant. Hence this analysis will help the precise assessment in establishing research and enable developers to assess which strategies are aggressive in present environment.
Predicting hyperlipidemia using enhanced ensemble classifier
Authors: K S Lakshmi , Vadivu G , Subramanian Suja 
Published: July 2018

Advancement in medical technology has resulted in bulk creation of electronic medical health records. These health records contain valuable data which are not fully utilized. Efficient usage of data mining techniques helps in discovering potentially relevant facts from medical records. Classification plays an important role in disease prediction. In this paper we developed a prediction model for predicting hyperlipidemia based on ensemble classification. Support Vector Machine, Naïve Bayes Classifier, KNN Classifier and Decision Tree method are combined for developing the ensemble classifier. Performance of each classifier is evaluated separately. An overall accuracy of 97.07% has been obtained by using ensemble approach which is better than the performance of each classifier.
The Treatment of Landfill Leachate by Electrocoagulation to Reduce Heavy Metals and Ammonia-Nitrogen
Authors: Kasmuri Norhafezah , Aliah Ahmad Tarmizi Nur , . . 
Published: July 2018

Landfill leachate contains high concentration of contaminants in the form of nitrogen, suspended solids and heavy metals, which effects the environment adversely. Hence leachate treatment is considered vital in landfill management as the effluent needs to undergo several treatments before being discharged into natural water bodies. Without treatment, the leachate will contaminate the surface and ground water as it can penetrate through soils and subsoils. Several methods have been applied for the treatment of landfill leachate. However, these methods have several constraints due to area required and cost incurred. This paper presents the application of electrocoagulation in removing pollutants from landfill leachate; particularly ammonia-nitrogen and heavy metals. Three metals namely aluminium, iron and zinc were used as electrodes. Aluminium electrode was found to be the most effective where it was capable to extract 89% of zinc and 75% of iron in 30-minute retention time. Subsequently, 93% of zinc and 83% of iron was removed in 120 minutes. In addition, 93% of ammonia-nitrogen was also removed. These results led to a conclusion that the electrocoagulation had the capacity to remove heavy metals and ammonia-nitrogen present in landfill leachate.
Effect of Adding RON97 Into Waste Cooking Oil as an Alternative Fuel for Diesel Engine
Authors: Saad Idris , Hayah Ab Rashid Wardatul , Hidayah Saidon Nur 
Published: July 2018

Petroleum-based fuel reserves are drastically depleting due to a high demand on sustaining a better lifestyle. This paper presents the utilization of waste cooking oil (WCO) as an alternative fuel for diesel engine. Although WCO and conventional diesel fuel have similar physiochemical properties, the properties of WCO is considered inferior than conventional diesel fuel. It is due to higher viscosity and density of WCO while its calorific value is lower than conventional diesel fuel. In this research, unmodified WCO was blended with petrol fuel grade RON97. Five blended fuels samples were prepared from five to 25 percent volume base with five percent step increment. The density and calorific value of all fuel blend samples together with unmodified WCO were measured and compared to the conventional diesel and RON97 fuels. Each of the blended fuel and conventional diesel were used to run a single cylinder diesel engine. The performance characteristic of the engine was recorded at different engine speeds ranging between 1500 and 3000 rpm. Results showed that the properties of blended fuel were inferior compared to the conventional diesel fuel; however, by adding 15 percent of RON97 into the unmodified WCO, the results were comparable to the conventional diesel fuel.
Characterization of the Thermal Behavior of the Full Scale Testing Module, Using 17.5% of Glazing with Different Orientations in Mexico City.
Authors: Sánchez B Ricardo , S. Ahmad Sabarinah , B. Zeevaert Leonardo , Valeriano F Arturo 
Published: July 2018

The study aims to understand the thermal performance behavior of a double skin envelope system in a test cell. A rooftop observation deck and experimentation laboratory is installed at the “J” Building of the Postgraduate Unit, National Autonomous University of Mexico campus (19°18’33.59”N, 99°11’5.73”O). This platform consists of two full-scale testing modules. Each cubic module measures 3m x 3m x 3m. All of its facades have several layers of insulation. This platform was designed to test materials and construction systems under the Mexico City microclimate. It is possible to measure thermal, lighting, acoustic and indoor air quality variables. Mexico City building codes indicate that the minimum span to be used in a room must be at least 17.5% of the area of the room. Using the Experimentation Façade, which allows us to observe all available orientations; we place a window with these characteristics and measure its thermal behavior in each of the orientations. The results obtained allowed us to identify that the window when observing the North or South orientations does not greatly increase the internal temperature of the Module. On the other hand, when the window observes the orientations East and West, the internal temperature increase, establishes conditions of inhabitability inside the Module, recording temperatures of above 50°C.
Morphological and Filtration Performance Studies of Alumina Disc Membranes
Authors: Nazihah Che Abdul Rahim Azzah , Sailah Sihar Ainun , Zaman Shahruddin Munawar , Hashimah Alias Nur , Nurliyana Che Mohamed Hussein Siti , Fazril Irfan Mohd , Hidayati Othman Nur 
Published: July 2018

Ceramic membranes can be used for water separation and gas filtration owing to its chemical inertness, good mechanical and porous properties. In this work, a total of 18 ceramic membranes were fabricated by varying the parameters such as ceramic powder composition (Al2O3), solvent (DMSO) concentration in external coagulation bath, and sintering time. The morphologies of the prepared alumina disc membranes prepared were studied using digital microscope. In order to understand the effects of morphologies toward the permeation rate of the ceramic membranes-dead end water permeation tests and salt rejection tests were carried out to study the performance of the alumina disc membranes. Membrane 1 which was fabricated with 50% alumina loading, 0% DMSO in coagulant and sintering time of 8h was used as reference membrane. It was found that by increasing the alumina up to 65%, the structure become denser and water flux decreased up to 26%, while the salt rejected increased by 55%. Effect of increasing the solvent concentration in external coagulation bath was obvious in finger length which becomes shorter and performed 61% but fluctuates in salt rejection. Sintering time effect was not significant in salt rejection studies as it gives only small difference but increase in water flux because the longer sintering time caused void to the membrane. Different results were shown and proven with varied parameters such as alumina loading, DMSO concentration and sintering time.
Modeling Transport Layer Protocol Behaviour to Improve Data Center Network Performance
Authors: J. Nayak Amitkumar , P. Ganatra Amit 
Published: July 2018

Today, there is a generalized standard usage of internet for all.The devices via multiple technologies that facilitates to provide few communication methods to scholars to work with. By forming multiple paths in the data center network, latest generation data centers offer maximum bandwidth with robustness. To utilize this bandwidth, it is necessary that different data flows take separate paths. In brief, a single-path transport seems inappropriate for such networks. By using Multipath TCP, we must reconsider data center networks, with a diverse approach as to the association between topology, transport protocols, routing. Multipath TCP allows certain topologies that single path TCP cannot use. In newer generation data centers, Multipath TCP is already deployable using extensively deployed technologies such as Equal-cost multipath routing. But, major benefits will come when data centers are specifically designed for multipath transports. Due to manifold of technologies like Cloud computing, social networking, and information networks there is a need to deploy the number of large data centers. While Transport Control Protocol is the leading Layer-3 transport protocol in data center networks, the operating conditions like high bandwidth, small-buffered switches, and traffic patterns causes poor performance of TCP. Data Center TCP algorithm has newly been anticipated as a TCP option for data centers which address these limitations. It is worth noting that traditional TCP protocol.
Cost Effective Construction for Low Income Earners with MRTB and MFS
Authors: S.R.Swathi S , Varuna Lakshmi G , Muthu D , Venkatasubramanian C , Nagavalli M 
Published: July 2018

India is a developing country having 14% (Pew Research Centre) population of low income group. The desire to own a house especially for low income and middle class families has become a virtual reality. Hence it is required to go in for an innovative, eco-friendly and cost efficient technology for raising of houses enabling the ordinary persons to build houses at owing to their financial status. The materials and techniques which are adopted have to be durable, economical and accepted by users. This study of low cost housing focuses mostly on personal satisfaction levels and the need of quality, particularly with regard to the place of abode. Hence, to provide the basic needs to the low income earners, this economical housing concept with minimum financial statement/investment has been suggested. The reduced construction cost through suitable management plans is obtained by appropriate use of locally available materials, labour and technology without compromising on the strength and life of the structure. In this study, it has been found that about 12% of total bricks and 22% of materials can be saved by using Modified Rat Trap Bond for walls and Modified Filler Slab for roofs respectively, which may be applied practically for government low cost dwellings.