bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Joint Analysis of Multiple Interaction Parameters in Genetic Association Studies
Authors: Kim Jihye , Ziyatdinov Andrey , Laville Vincent , Hu Frank B , Rimm Eric , Kraft Peter , Aschard Hugues 
Published: December 2018

Abstract
Despite the extensive literature on methods for assessing interactions between genetic and environmental factors, approaches for the joint analysis of multiple G-E interactions are surprisingly lacking. Kim et al. compare the power and robustness....
With growing human genetic and epidemiologic data, there has been increased interest for the study of gene-by-environment (G-E) interaction effects. Still, major questions remain on how to test jointly a large number of interactions between multiple SNPs and multiple exposures. In this study, we first compared the relative performance of four fixed-effect joint analysis approaches using simulated data, considering up to 10 exposures and 300 SNPs: (1) omnibus test, (2) multi-exposure and genetic risk score (GRS) test, (3) multi-SNP and environmental risk score (ERS) test, and (4) GRS-ERS test. Our simulations explored both linear and logistic regression while considering three statistics: the Wald test, the Score test, and the likelihood ratio test (LRT). We further applied the approaches to three large sets of human cohort data (n = 37,664), focusing on type 2 diabetes (T2D), obesity, hypertension, and coronary heart disease with smoking, physical activity, diets, and total energy intake. Overall, GRS-based approaches were the most robust, and had the highest power, especially when the G-E interaction effects were correlated with the marginal genetic and environmental effects. We also observed severe miscalibration of joint statistics in logistic models when the number of events per variable was too low when using either the Wald test or LRT test. Finally, our real data application detected nominally significant interaction effects for three outcomes (T2D, obesity, and hypertension), mainly from the GRS-ERS approach. In conclusion, this study provides guidelines for testing multiple interaction parameters in modern human cohorts including extensive genetic and environmental data.
Diversity of endomycorrhizal fungi in the rhizosphere of chickpea in Morocco
Authors: El Hazzat N. , Artib M. , Touati J. , Chliyeh M. , Selmaoui K. , Ouazzani Touhami A. , Benkirane R. , Douira A. 
Published: December 2018

The endomycorrhizal fungi diversity in the rhizosphere of chickpea (Cicer arietinum L.) and the evaluation of root mycorrhizal level were studied in six regions of Morocco: Tahla, Sefrou, Souk Larbae, Souk Tlat, Ouazzane and Jarf Melha. All chickpea roots are carrying endomycorrhizal structures. Root mycorrhizal parameters varied from one site to another, and the highest frequency and intensity of mycorrhization was recorded in the roots of chickpea plants at the two sites Tahla and Jarf Melha respectively, 83%, 33% and 25.03%. In addition, the highest arbuscular content was also noted in the roots of plants growing in the site of Tahla (22.18%) while the lowest content was noted at the site of Sefrou (2.07%). However, the vesicles were not observed in all the sites.
The highest numbers of endomycorrhizal spores were recorded in the rhizosphere of plants collected in Jarf Melha and Tahla, respectively, 74 and 41 spores / 100 g soil. All spores found in the studied sites are represented by 22 morphotypes belonging to 7 genera: Glomus (13 species), Acaulospora (4 species), Gigaspora (one species), Radekera (one species), Entrophospora (one species), Pacispora (one species), Dentiscutata (one species).
Adsorption of nutrients using low-cost adsorbents from agricultural waste and by-products – review
Authors: Naoufal Bellahsen , Szabolcs Kertész , Zoltán Pásztory , Cecilia Hodúr 
Published: December 2018

Nutrient removal has become one of the key challenges for wastewater treatment facilities all over the world due to the harmful effect of these pollutants on water bodies and ecosystems known by eutrophication, however, most of the currently used technologies are not focused on nutrients recovery from wastewater. Recently, using agricultural waste/by-products for adsorption of nutrients acquired more interest because of their abundant availability, low-cost, high efficiency and eco-friendly advantages and this method may become more environmentally sustainable through maximizing removal while delivering nutrient and energy recovery technologies with economically attractive return on investment.
This review investigates the application of agricultural waste/by-products as bio-sorbent for phosphate, ammonium and nitrate removal with a focus on the modification methods and the process mechanism including influent parameters, kinetics and isotherms.
Phytoremediation Potentials and Effects of Lead on Growth of Pteris vittata L. and Pityrogramma calomelanos L. (Pteridaceae: Fern)
Authors: YUSUF Adams A. , OLOYEDE Fatai A. , BAMIGBOYE Rachael A. 
Published: December 2018

Phytoremediation, tolerance and bio-accumulation potentials of lead in the roots and shoots of Pteris vittata and Pityrogramma calomelanos were investigated to ascertain the effects of lead on thee species’ growth and development. Within the experiment, 5 kg of air dried and sieved soil was put inside six plastic pots labelled CT, A, B, C, D and E, each with different concentrations (0, 200, 400, 600, 800 and 1,000 ppm) of lead (II) trioxonitrate (v) salt. The shoots and roots of the plants were air dried, grounded and analysed for lead quantities using x-ray fluorescence before and after the treatments. One-month old healthy fernlets of each species were transplanted into each of the pots, in six replicates. Growth parameters such as leaflet area, number of leaflets and frond height were recorded weekly, for 12 weeks. Quantitative data were analysed for significant difference using analysis of variance for each of the plant species and means were evaluated with Duncan's multiple range test for frond height, leaflet number, leaflet area, roots and shoots biomass. Negative effects (decrease) on the growth parameters were observed in both species. Pteris vittata accumulated more lead in all the treatments, in both shoots and roots, compared with Pityrogramma calomelanos. The highest bio-accumulation factor in Pteris vittata shoot was 2.944 and 0.635 in Pityrogramma calomelanos.Transfer factor of Pteris vittata was 1.742, while for Pityrogramma calomelanos was 0.859 in all the treatments. It could be concluded that Pteris vittata is a better bio-accumulator, tolerated more lead and therefore could be used in remediating lead-contaminated soils, better than Pityrogramma calomelanos.
Characterization of Thirty Cultivars of Mangifera indica L. (Anacardiaceae) by Their Foliar Anatomical Traits
Authors: SHARMA Bhavna Girish , ALBERT Susy , DHADUK Haresh Kumar 
Published: December 2018

Leaves of thirty cultivars of Mangifera indica L. were investigated to compare their anatomical variations and identify the characteristic features which are potential markers for the identification of the cultivars. Variations were noted in the thickness of cuticle, length of epidermal cells in the abaxial and adaxial surfaces, length of palisade and spongy tissue. The length of epidermal cell varied from 10 µm in ‘Goto’ to 25 µm in ‘Desi’ cultivars on adaxial side, while on the abaxial side it varied from 15.5 µm in ‘Alphonso’ to 6.9 µm in ‘Sopari’. The palisade tissue length was maximum in ‘Jahangir’ (111.36 µm), while it was lowest in ‘Fazli’ (24.13 µm). Spongy tissue length was the highest in ‘Jamadar’ (199.92 µm) and lowest in ‘Fazli’ (90.55 µm). Two layers of palisade tissue were seen in ‘Sindoria’, ‘Jhumakhiya 2’, ‘Aambadi’, ‘Neelam’, ‘Rajapuri’, ‘Fazli’, ‘Jahangir’, ‘Kaju’, and ‘Aamir pasand’, while three layers were seen in ‘Alphonso’, ‘Jamadar’, ‘Ladvo’, ‘Sopari’ and ‘Dudhpendo’. Such parameters can be used for distinctly differentiating varieties among them and thus have an exact identification when morphological features are indistinguishable.
Increasing effectiveness of conservative treatment of Peyronie’s disease
Authors: Zhukov O. B. , Vasilyev A. E. , Novikov M. E. 
Published: December 2018

The study objectiveis to investigate the effectiveness of conservative treatment of Peyronie’s disease using antifibrotic agents.Materials and methods. The study included 32 patients aged 44–65 years with diagnosed Peyronie’s disease. The patients were examined using the International Index of Erectile Function, Visual Analog Scale, tunica albuginea of the penis elasticity testing, ultrasound examination (with intracavernous pharmacological testing and dynamic spiral tomography if necessary). The patients were divided into 2 groups. The patients in the treatment group (n = 16) received magnetic laser therapy at the area of the plaque with the “Mustang-urolog” device, as well as vacuum laser treatment with the “Yarovit” device and bovhyaluronidase azoximer as injections and later suppositories. In the comparison group (n = 16), similar therapy was used without bovhyaluronidase azoximer. Control examination was performed 3 months later. If conservative treatment was ineffective, the patients were forwarded to surgical treatment.Results. As a result of conservative treatment, density of the tunica albuginea and cavernous bodies, structure of the cavernous bodies improved; the International Index of Erectile Function increased, and pain intensity decreased. In the treatment group, a stronger tendency toward improvement was observed compared to the control group. Decrease in the plaque size was observed in 63.3 % of the patients in the treatment group and in 43.7 % of the patients in the control group. At the control examination, plaques weren’t detected in 6 and 3 patients, respectively.Conclusion. Conservative treatment is effective in patients with early stage of Peyronie’s disease with moderate curvature of the penis (<30°) and plaque size <2 cm. We recommend including bovhyaluronidase azoximer in the combination treatment regimen of these patients for increased effectiveness.
Modern methods of ablation of malignant tumors of the liver
Authors: Moskvicheva L. I. , Sidorov D. V. , Lozhkin M. V. , Petrov L. O. , Zabelin M. V. 
Published: December 2018

The purpose of this review is to demonstrate the possibility of performing various methods of thermal and non-thermal ablation in patients with primary and metastatic liver tumors on the basis of data available in the world medical literature.As conservative variants of local action in patients with non-resectable primary and secondary liver tumors and inoperable patients, various ablative techniques have been developed and used to achieve local control over the disease and increase the life expectancy of this group of patients. These include: radiofrequency ablation, microwave ablation, HIFU therapy, laser ablation, cryotherapy, chemical destruction of the tumor, irreversible electroporation, stereotactic radiation therapy.The effectiveness of these ablation methods depends on the size and localization of the tumor focus, and for thermal techniques — also on its location relative to large vessels. Ablative techniques have the maximum efficiency (in some cases, similar to surgical intervention) when exposed to early forms of primary cancer or secondary tumor formation of the liver in the presence of a solitary node with a maximum size up to 5 cm or 3 and less foci size up to 3 cm. The effectiveness of local destruction of tumor formations of the liver of larger diameter is increased by carrying out ablation by the second stage after performing chemoembolization of the hepatic artery or by combining various techniques of local action.The use of various modern methods of ablation of solid primary and secondary liver tumors in medical practice can expand the possibilities of antitumor treatment of this category of patients.
Thermoluminescence Properties of Quartzite Rock after β-irradiation
Authors: DOĞAN Tamer 
Published: December 2018

In the present study, the thermoluminescence characteristics of natural quartzite collected from Karaisalı (Adana) in Turkey were investigated after β irradiation at room temperature with the purpose to use as radiation dosimetry. The glow curve of quartzite mineral shows two peaks at 110 oC and 250 oC and a shoulder at 375 oC, explicitly. The resulting peaks, which were examined using the computer glow curve deconvulation (CGCD) method, were deconvuluted and kinetic parameters (activation energy Ea, frequency factor (s) and kinetic degree (b)) were determined. After CGCD methods, it was seen that the glow curve suporposed at least eight peaks. Additionally, kinetic parameters were determined using by Arrhenius plot obtained from initial rise (IR) method. In this study, it is shown that there is a correspondence between kinetic parameters calculated by IR method and peaks deconvoluated by CGCD technique in low temperature region (P1-P3). Additionally, reusability test was conducted to investigate its usability as a dosimetric material, and a change of 2% was observed in the results of 10 repeated times. Besides to the characterization of this sample X-ray diffraction (XRD) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) - energy dispersive X-ray (EDX) results were investigated.
Felsefe Grubu Öğrencilerinin Akademik Motivasyonları İle Sorgulama Becerileri Arasındaki İlişkinin İncelenmesi
Authors: Tuncer Gamze , Yanpar Yelken Tuğba , Tanrıseven İşıl 
Published: December 2018

Bu araştırma ile Felsefe
grubu öğrencilerinin akademik motivasyonları ile sorgulama becerileri
arasındaki ilişkinin çeşitli değişkenlere göre incelenmesi amaçlanmıştır.
Araştırmada, tarama yöntemlerinden ilişkisel tarama yöntemi kullanılmıştır.
Araştırmanın örneklemini 2016-2017 eğitim-öğretim yılında, bir devlet üniversitesinde
öğrenim gören 4. Sınıfa devam eden 73 Felsefe bölümü öğrencisi ve aynı
üniversitede formasyon eğitimi alan 11 Felsefe bölümü mezunu ve 49 Sosyoloji bölümü
mezunu olmak üzere toplam 133 öğretmen
adayı oluşturmuştur. Araştırmada veri toplama aracı olarak, Vallerand ve diğerleri (1992) tarafından
geliştirilmiş, Karataş ve Erden (2011) tarafından geçerlik güvenirlik çalışması
ile kültürel adaptasyonu yapılan Akademik Motivasyon Ölçeği kullanılmıştır.
Akademik Motivasyon Ölçeği (AMÖ) 28 maddeden oluşmaktadır. AMÖ motivasyonsuzluk,
dışsal motivasyon ve içsel motivasyon olmak üzere üç temel boyuttan oluşan
yedili likert tipli bir ölçektir. Ayrıca araştırmada kullanılan diğer bir veri
toplama aracı, Karademir (2013) tarafından geliştirilen Sorgulama Becerileri
Ölçeği’dir. Ölçek 14 maddeden ve 3 alt
boyuttan (Bilgi Edinme, Bilgiyi Kontrol Etme, Özgüven) oluşan beşli likert
tipli bir ölçektir. Araştırma sonucuna göre Felsefe grubu öğrencilerinin
akademik motivasyon ve sorgulama becerisi düzeylerinin “iyi” düzeyde olduğu
tespit edilmiştir. Felsefe grubu öğrencilerinin akademik motivasyonları ile
sorgulama becerileri arasında anlamlı bir ilişki bulunmuştur. Felsefe grubu
öğrencilerinin akademik motivasyon ve sorgulama becerisi düzeyleri arasında
cinsiyet, mezun olma, bölüm ve yaş değişkenlerine göre anlamlı bir farklılık
göstermezken sorgulama becerisi düzeyleri arasında yaş değişkenine göre anlamlı
bir farklılık gösterdiği tespit edilmiştir
Are other feasible options available for screening of risk assessment of osteoporosis in postmenopausal women at community level in Southern Coastal India
Authors: Reddy Gowry , Rathi Priya , B. Unnikrishnan , Kamath Surendra , Shringapure Kalpita 
Published: December 2018

Background: Osteoporosis is a chronic debilitating condition which exhibits iceberg phenomenon. Identification at an early stage of disease will enable preventive measures to reduce the incidence of disease and complications. Owing to the cost of diagnostic test, this study, various screening tools such as WHO fracture risk assessment tool, osteoporosis self-assessment tool for Asians, simple calculated osteoporosis risk estimation and osteoporosis risk assessment instrument have been used for assessment, in order to screen postmenopausal women in the preliminary stages.Methods: A facility-based cross-sectional study was conducted among 107 postmenopausal women carried over a period of five months.Results: Prevalence of osteoporosis and osteopenia was 24.3% and 69.2%. The area under the curve for osteoporosis self-assessment tool for Asians (OSTA), simple calculated osteoporotic risk estimation (SCORE) and osteoporotic risk assessment instrument (ORAI) was 0.731, 0.407 and 0.172 respectively. OSTA proved to be effective in differentiating normal BMD from low BMD score (i.e., osteopenia and osteoporosis) with a cut off of 1.1, SCORE to be more effective in screening osteoporosis than the other tools because it had a higher positive probability with a cut off 22. FRAX tool predicted probability of five and three percent probability of major fracture and hip fracture risk in ten yearsConclusions: Various tools assessed in the studies can be utilized at community level for identifying high risk women in post-menopausal stage but with different cut offs. This will reduce the cost of screening and also facilitate non pharmacological measures to reduce the progression of disease.
Impact of educational intervention on awareness of breast cancer among female students of Government College of Nursing, Nagpur
Authors: Yadav Seema P. , Jiwane Niwrutti N. , Dhanorkar Abhay 
Published: December 2018

Background: The nurses have a major influence on the behavior of our women, they need to be knowledgeable themselves about breast cancer risk factors and the importance of early detection through screening, thereby improving a chance of longer life for the patient. The need of the hour is to create awareness about breast cancer for early management of this disease.Methods: The present pre-post test study was carried out among female students in a Government College of Nursing in Nagpur to assess the impact of educational intervention on awareness of breast cancer using a predesigned self-administered questionnaire.Results: The overall knowledge about risk factors, signs and symptoms, diagnosis and treatment modalities of breast cancer of significantly increased from pre test to post test.Conclusions: The impact of intervention shows significant increase in knowledge of breast cancer.
Beszermény és besermen
Authors: Senga Toru 
Published: December 2018

A magyar böszörmény korábbi formája a beszermény volt, az etimológiai szótárakban általában nem található meg. Első bizonyított előfordulása a Bezermen helynév a 13. századból. Jelentése ’muszlim’. Az óoroszban és az ócsehben is megtalálhatók azonos alakú és jelentésű szavak. A besurmen alak először a Kijevi Krónika 1184-es bejegyzésében fordult elő. A Lavrentij-évkönyv 1282-es bejegyzésében a besurmen egyszer, a besermen pedig ötször fordul elő. A hirtelen és váratlan változás valószínűleg egy későbbi másoló vagy fordító saját nyelvének nem szándékos hatására vezethető vissza. A besurmen alak valószínűleg a polovecek nyelvéből származik. Abból a tényből kiindulva, hogy a volgai bolgárokat később a 14. században az óoroszban besermenként emlegették, feltételezhetjük, hogy az óorosz a szót a volgai bolgárok nyelvéből, a csuvas típusú török nyelvek egyikéből kölcsönözte. A besermen forma először a Vlagyimir-Szuzdali fejedelemségben terjedt el, majd az egész Rusz területén uralkodóvá vált. A magyar beszermény egy másik csuvas típusú török nyelv kölcsönszava lehet, legkésőbb a 9. században kölcsönözték. Az ócseh bezzermene (Besermené) eredetét tekintve a magyar terjedés valószínűbb, mint a keleti szláv. A 13. században ezeknek a szavaknak a jelentése ’muzulmán’ volt a Volgától nyugatra, egészen a Moldva folyóig, különösebb etnikai utalás nélkül. Ugyanaz a jelentés rejtőzik a Biserminben, amit Plano Carpini említett, a ferences szerzetes tévesen etnikai névnek hitte. Ezzel szemben útitársa, a szláv nyelveket ismerő Benedictus Polonus a cseh és az orosz szót vette köznévnek, útleírásában nem említette a Bisermin szót.
New perspectives in the treatment of hard-to-heal wound
Authors: Cwaliński Jarosław , Paszkowski Jacek , Banasiewicz Tomasz 
Published: December 2018

Hard-to-heal wounds continue to be a challenge in the everyday surgical practice. Their treatment is time-consuming, expensive and in many cases requires interdisciplinary assessment. Therapy option include properly selected surgical procedures and dressings combined with systemic antibiotherapy. Application of vacuum assisted closure (VAC) facilitates the evacuation of pathological discharge, reduces tissue oedema and eliminates bacterial biofilm. Complementary administration of antibiotics to control chronic infection relies today in most cases on vancomycin, ciprofloxacin or piperacillin with tazobactam, with good clinical effect.
An alternative to antibiotics against MRSA, administered at hospitals might be dalbavancin, a new generation lipoglycopeptide, which belongs to the same class as vancomycin. Introduction of dalbavancin and VAC might be an alternative to traditional methods of therapy.
Imām al-Ḥaramayn al-Juwaynī and Jadal Theory in the Eleventh Century (A critical analysis of Imām al-Ḥaramayn’s al-Kāfīya fi al-jadal)
Authors: Widigdo Mohammad Syifa Amin 
Published: December 2018

<p>This study presents a critical navigation and interpretation of the book <em>al-Kāfiya fī al-jadal</em> by Imām al-Ḥaramayn al-Juwaynī (d. 478/1085). In this book, he elucidates foundational thoughts of <em>jadal </em>(dialectic) theory and its application. Despite its importance in the development of <em>jadal </em>in Islamic scholarship and dialectical art, Imām al-Ḥaramayn’s <em>al-Kāfiya </em>unfortunately has never been studied. Existing studies on the art of Islamic disputation<em> </em>theory discuss <em>al-Kāfiya</em>’s position and contribution, but the discussion of its content is not comprehensive. In this respect, this article<em> </em>not only provides a more comprehensive understanding of Imām al-Ḥaramayn’s theory of <em>jadal </em>but more importantly demonstrates how Imām al-Ḥaramayn<em> </em>formulates <em>jadal </em>as a scholastic method. He shows that <em>jadal </em>is essentially scholastic for its orientation of finding truth in the forms of epistemological and psychological certainty (<em>al-yaqīn</em>) in juridical and theological knowledge. </p>
DEVELOPMENT OF RURAL ECONOMY OF THE MORIN-DAWA DAUR AUTONOMOUS REGION IN 1958–1984*
Authors: Tsybenov B. D. 
Published: December 2018

The subject of this study is the agriculture of the Morin-Dawa Daur Autonomous region. The purpose of the article is to study the agricultural development of the national autonomy of the Daur people in 1958–1984. The author used foreign and Russian sources and employed chronological, retrospective, and concrete historical methods of research. The article features the formation and development of people's communes and production brigades in the autonomous region, as well as their agricultural activities during the years of the "big leap", "cultural revolution", and "reform and opening up" in China. The author also studied the degradation of agriculture and pastures during the "cultural revolution". The results of the research can be applied in scientific and practical studies of the agriculture of the national minorities of the People’s Republic of China, in a comparative study of the national economic complexes of the Russian Federation and the People’s Republic of China. The author concludes that the development of agriculture of the Morin-Dawa Daur Autonomous region was an integral part of the nation-wide processes in the Chinese agriculture.