bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Effectiveness of rituximab in neuromyelitis optica: A meta-analysis
Authors: Gao Fulin , Chai Bingyan , Gu Cheng , Wu Ruipeng , Dong Tong , Yao Yuping , Zhang Yi 
Published: January 2019

Abstract
Background: Neuromyelitis optica (NMO) is a severe autoimmune disorder of inflammatory central nervous system, which often resulting in paralysis or blindness. Rituximab (RTX) is a mouse-human chimeric monoclonal antibody specific for the CD20 antigen on B lymphocytes used to treat many autoimmune diseases. To evaluate the effectiveness of RTX, Disability and relapses were measured by the Expanded Disability Status Scale (EDSS) and annualized relapse rate (ARR) ratio. This review performed a meta-analysis of the efficacy of rituximab use in NMO.
Methods: We searched through the databases of PubMed, Embase, and Cochrane Library. We compiled 27 studies in this meta-analysis: 19 used ARR ratio, 23 used EDSS score, and there are 15 studies in the two main variables. Differences in the ARR ratio and EDSS score before and after rituximab therapy were the main efficacy measures. After a consistency test, the publication bias was evaluated and a sensitivity analysis was performed with mean difference (MD) of the efficacy of rituximab.
Results: A meta-analysis of 27 studies with 607 participants total was conducted. NMO patients have antibodies against aquaporin 4 autoantibody (AQP4-Ab) were recorded in 456 of 607 (75.12%). Rituximab therapy resulted in a mean (WMD) −1.58 (95%CI, −1.85 to −1.32) reduction in the mean ARR ratio and a mean (WMD) −1.17 (95%CI, −1.37 to −0.97) reduction in the mean EDSS score. 351 of 558 patients (62.9%) reached a relapse-free state. 107 of 607 (17.63%) patients had adverse reactions.
Conclusions: RTX has acceptable tolerance, reduces the frequency of relapse, and improves disability in most patients. However, treatment with RTX in reducing health-care costs， improving functional outcome and reducing adverse effects should be carefully addressed in future studies.
Intravenous thrombolytic therapy for acute ischemic stroke in Hubei, China: a survey of thrombolysis rate and barriers
Authors: Zhou Yanfeng , Yan Shijiao , Song Xingyue , Gong Yanhong , Li Wenzhen , Wang Mengdie , Yin Xiaoxv , Hu Bo , Lu Zuxun 
Published: January 2019

Abstract
Background: Rates of thrombolysis in most countries are well below best practice benchmarks. We aimed to investigate thrombolysis utilization and its associated factors in acute ischemic stroke (AIS) patients in Hubei province, China, to assess neurologists’ experiences of the treatment, and to identify barriers against the treatment from perspective of AIS patients and neurologists.
Methods: Survey of 2096 AIS patients and 709 neurologists from 66 hospitals was conducted in Hubei province between 2014 and 2015. A multivariable logistic regression model was utilized to identify the factors associated with thrombolysis utilization and neurologists’ experiences with thrombolysis.
Results: Of the 2096 AIS patients, only 3.8% received thrombolysis. Of the 709 neurologists, 66.0% reported using thrombolysis for AIS patients. The main reasons for not using thrombolysis were late arrival of patients, fear of the risk of complications of thrombolysis, and light or quickly recovered stroke symptoms. The behavior and clinical characteristics of patients, including early admission to hospital (odds ratio [OR]=5.81, 95% confidence intervals [CI] 3.31-10.20), using emergency medical services to be hospitalized (OR=3.36, 95% CI 2.00-5.62), stroke history (OR=0.53, 95% CI 0.28-0.99), and National Institute of Health Stroke Scale score < 4 (OR=0.46, 95% CI 0.27-0.77) were shown to significantly affect the thrombolysis utilization in the multivariate model. In addition, hospital grade (OR=2.84, 95% CI 1.84-4.37), education level (OR=2.49, 95% CI 1.09-5.73), and working years (OR=1.88, 95% CI 1.18-3.00) were strongly associated with neurologists’ experiences of thrombolysis.
Conclusions: A very low proportion of AIS patients received thrombolysis in Hubei province, China. Considerable education programs and interventions were required regarding knowledge of stroke treatment for clinicians and proper behavior after stroke for AIS patients and their families.
Keywords: Thrombolysis; stroke; neurologists; emergency medical services; China; Risk factor.
The central mechanism of tadalafil vs Chaihu-Shugan-San capsule for psychogenic erectile dysfunction: a magnetic resonance imaging study protocol of a randomized placebo-controlled trial
Authors: Ren Feiqiang , Ma Ziyang , Zhang Ling , Dong Liang , Chen Diang , Chang Degui , Zhang Peihai , Li Guangsen , Huang Xiaopeng , You Yaodong , Yu Xunjun , Yang Fang , Li Zhengjie 
Published: January 2019

Abstract
Background: Erectile dysfunction (ED) affects many adult men worldwide. Many studies on the brain of psychogenic ED have shown significant cerebral functional changes and reduced volume of gray matter and white matter microstructural alterations in widespread brain regions. We design this study to provide both an enhanced level of evidence of central mechanism research and an evidence-based treatment option for patients suffering from psychogenic ED. Furthermore, we also aim to provide a new evidence as well as an innovation of the clinical treatment in psychogenic ED.
Methods: This study is designed as a multi-center, three-arms, randomized trial. From the perspective of psychogenic ED, we will divide patients into three groups, which are placebo group, tadalafil group and CHSGS group. 135 patients will be randomly allocated to receive placebo, CHSGS capsule or tadalafil oral pharmacotherapy. After the period of 4-week treatment, the outcome of primary assessment changes in the IIEF-5, EHS and QEQ total scores from baseline. Secondary assessments include the SEAR, HAMA-14, HAMD-17 scores, response rate of the patients and their partners. Apart from brain MRI from baseline, we will also attach great importance to other changes in the follow-up four weeks.
Discussion: We expect that the results of this trial can provide both an enhanced level of evidence for central mechanism research and an evidence-based treatment option for patients suffering from ED, as well as to provide an innovation of the clinical treatment in psychogenic ED.
Trial Registration: chictr.org.cn, ChiCTR-IOR-1800018301. Registered on 10 September 2018.
Keywords: Erectile dysfunction, psychogenic ED, MRI, Randomized controlled trial.
Physical Activity In Renal Disease (PAIRED) and the effect on hypertension: study protocol for a randomized controlled trial
Authors: Thompson MD Stephanie , Wiebe MMath/PStat Natasha , Gyenes MD Gabor , Davies MSc Rachelle , Radhakrishnan Jeyasundar , Graham MD Michelle 
Published: January 2019

Abstract
Background: The prevalence of hypertension among people with chronic kidney disease is high with over 60% of people not attaining recommended targets despite multiple medications. Given the health and economic implications of hypertension, additional strategies are needed. Exercise is an effective strategy for reducing blood pressure in the general population; however, it is not known whether exercise would have a comparable benefit in people with moderate to advanced chronic kidney disease and hypertension.
Methods: This is a parallel arm trial of adults with hypertension (systolic blood pressure greater than 130 mmHg) and an estimated glomerular filtration rate of 15-45 ml/min 1.73 m2. A total of 160 participants will be randomized, with stratification for estimated glomerular filtration rate, to a 24-week aerobic-based exercise intervention or enhanced usual care. The primary outcome is the difference in 24-hour ambulatory systolic blood pressure after eight weeks of exercise training. Secondary outcomes at eight and 24 weeks include: other measurements of blood pressure, aortic stiffness (pulse wave velocity), change in the Defined Daily Dose of anti-hypertensives, medication adherence, markers of cardiovascular risk, physical fitness (cardiopulmonary exercise testing), seven day accelerometry, quality of life, and adverse events. The effect of exercise on renal function will be evaluated in an exploratory analysis. The intervention is a thrice-weekly moderate intensity aerobic exercise supplemented with isometric resistance exercise delivered in two phases. Phase 1: supervised, facility-based weekly and home-based sessions (eight weeks). Phase 2: home-based sessions (16 weeks).
Discussion: To our knowledge, this study is the first trial designed to provide a precise estimate of the effect of exercise on blood-pressure in people with moderate to severe CKD and hypertension. The findings from this study will address a significant knowledge gap in hypertension management in CKD and inform the design of a larger study on the effect of exercise on CKD progression.
Trial registration: Registered at ClinicalTrials.gov NCT03551119. Registered on 11 June 2018.
Peningkatan Kualitas Pembelajaran dengan Model Pembelajaran Cooperative Learning
Authors: Lestari Barkah 
Published: January 2019

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui peningkatan kualitas pembelajaran dengan model pembelajaran cooperative learning dalam matakuliah Evaluasi Pembelajaran Ekonomi pada mahasiswa Program Studi Pendidikan Ekonomi Koperasi, Pendidikan Dunia Usaha, Fakultas Ilmu Sosial Universitas Negeri Yogyakarta. Jenis penelitian ini adalah penelitian tindakan partisipan. Setting penelitian adalah Program Studi Pendidikan Ekonomi Koperasi, Pendidikan Dunia Usaha, Fakultas Ilmu Sosial, Universitas Negeri Yogyakarta. Penelitian ini dilaksanakan pada semester ganjil 2004/2005, untuk Mata kuliah Evaluasi Pembelajaran Ekonomi. Penelitian tindakan ini dilakukan melalui beberapa tahapan yaitu : tahap perencanaan, implementasi tindakan, pemantauan dan hasil serta evaluasi dan refleksi. Analisis data secara deskreptif kuantitatif. Dari data yang terkumpul selanjutnya diklasifikasikan dan dikategorikan secara sistematik dan menurut karakteristiknya. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa (1) model pembelajaran dengan model cooperative learning dapat meningkatkan kualitas pembelajaran, baik dilihat dari tingkat partisipasi, interaksi pembelajaran, hasil kuis dan tes, serta hasil tugas kerja kelompok, (2) Secara umum mahasiswa menyukai model pembelajaran cooperative learning karena dianggap memberikan banyak manfaat.
PENDAPAT ANGGOTA-ANGGOTA DPR-RI MENGENAI INDEPENDENSI AUDITOR NEGARA (BPK)
Authors: Suharyani Suharyani 
Published: January 2019

PENDAPAT ANGGOTA-ANGGOTA DPR-RI MENGENAI INDEPENDENSI AUDITOR NEGARA (BPK)This research, which is meant as a contribution to state financial control, focusing on the opinion of Indonesian Legislative Assembly members regarding state auditors independence (State Audit Board) viewed from micro perspective. Here are two research questions (a)Do legislative members perceive that state auditors have independence attitude; (b)What factors are influencing the opinion of legislative members regarding state auditors independence. The researcher surveyed 70 legislative members from various faction, commission, education level, gender, and age by personally administered questionnaire technique. Respondents are determined by stratified sampling and convenience sampling method. Data are measured by Likert (ordinal) scale point 5. First hypothesis testing analyze whether legislative members perceive that state auditors are independence performed by mean testing method. While variables which are presumed influencing legislative members opinion are education level, age, gender, and political party (faction) origin (faction). To test whether these four variables by individual influence respondent opinion significantly, the researcher use one way Anova method. The result shows legislative members perceive that state auditors weren’t independence. Except gender variable, the researcher found significant different opinion between respondents group classified by education level, age group, and political party origin. In general, respondents group having degree of S3, elder than 60 year, and coming from Reformasi Faction have a more critical opinion compared to other groups. Keywords : state auditor independence.
ANALISIS PERBANDINGAN KINERJA KEUANGAN PERBANKAN ASEAN (STUDI PADA BANK UMUM INDONESIA, THAILAND DAN FILIPINA)
Authors: Wahyuni Anggun , Sukirno Sukirno 
Published: January 2019

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui perbandingan kinerja keuangan industri perbankan Indonesia dengan negara ASEAN lainnya (Thailand dan Filipina) menggunakan indikator RGEC. Penelitian ini termasuk ke dalam penelitian komparatif. Populasi dalam penelitian ini adalah industri perbankan di Indonesia, Thailand dan Filipina. Pemilihan sampel menggunakan metode judment sampling. Seluruh sampel terdiri dari 3 bank di Indonesia, 3 bank di Thailand dan 3 bank di Filipina. Total sampel sebanyak 36 data termasuk didalamnya adalah sampel dengan periode 4 tahun (2011, 2012, 2013 dan 2014). Model statistik yang digunakan untuk menguji hipotesis menggunakan uji parametrik one-way ANOVA. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa seluruh indikator rasio keuangan perbankan Indonesia adalah signifikan berbeda dengan kinerja keuangan perbankan kedua negara ASEAN, kecuali rasio CAR. Rata-rata rasio keuangan perbankan Indonesia lebih baik dibandingkan dengan rata-rata tiga negara ASEAN lainnya pada rasio NPL, ROA, NIM dan CAR sedangkan rasio LDR menunjukkan lebih baik rata-rata negara ASEAN lainnya. Kata kunci: Kinerja Keuangan Perbankan, ASEAN, RGEC, NPL, LDR, ROA, NIM, CAR
Влияние температуры отжига на электрически активные центры в кремнии, имплантированном ионами германия
Authors: Соболев Н.А. , Александров О.В. , Сахаров В.И. , Серенков И.Т. , Шек Е.И. , Калядин А.Е. , Паршин Е.О. , Мелесов Н.С. 
Published: January 2019

AbstractThe implantation of Czochralski-grown p -type silicon with 1-MeV germanium ions at a dose of 2 . 5 × 10^14 cm^–2 does not lead to the amorphization of single-crystal silicon. Under subsequent high-temperature annealing, electrically active acceptor centers are transformed. Their concentration and special distribution depend on the annealing temperature. The possible factors determining how these centers are formed are discussed.
Плазмонное усиление поля в фотоприемниках среднего ИК-диапазона на базе квантовых точек Ge/Si с различной толщиной активной зоны
Authors: Блошкин А.А. , Якимов А.И. , Двуреченский А.В. 
Published: January 2019

AbstractThe spatial distribution of the electric field in Ge/Si photodetector heterostructures coated with a gold film containing a regular two-dimensional array of subwavelength apertures is calculated by the finite-element method. The array period and aperture diameter are 1.2 and 0.7 μm, respectively. The efficiency of field enhancement is determined for different thicknesses of the active region occupied by quantum dots. It is demonstrated that the field-enhancement factor for an electromagnetic wave incident on the structure from the side of the substrate is ~3.5 times larger than that for a wave incident from the opposite side. In the first case, the field-enhancement factor varies nonmonotonically with the thickness of the active region.
Влияние электрического поля на энергию активации локальных уровней в полупроводниках со слоистой (GaSe) и кубической структурой (Ga-=SUB=-2-=/SUB=-Se-=SUB=-3-=/SUB=-)
Authors: Пашаев А.М. , Тагиев Б.Г. , Тагиев О.Б. , Межидова В.Т. , Садыхов И.З. 
Published: January 2019

AbstractThe results of measuring the electrical conductivity of layered crystals (GaSe, GaTe, and their solid solutions) and cubic crystals (Ga_2Se_3) in strong electric fields (up to 5 × 10^5 V/cm) in the temperature range of 77–300 K are presented. These results are compared with predictions of the phenomenological theory of concentration instability in semiconductors. This theory considers the role of the Frenkel effect, which is related to the thermionic ionization of traps causing instability in semiconductors with an S -shaped current–voltage ( I – V ) characteristic. Based on the results of measuring the electrical conductivity of layered and cubic crystals exhibiting the Frenkel effect and described by the theory of current instability in semiconductors, the free-carrier concentration in the aforementioned types of chalcogenide semiconductors is estimated to be n = (3 × 10^13–4 × 10^15) cm^–3.
Влияние замещения висмута празеодимом и лантаном на термоэлектрические свойства оксиселенидов BiCuSeO
Authors: Новицкий А.П. , Сергиенко И.А. , Новиков С.В. , Кусков К.В. , Лейбо Д.В. , Панкратова Д.С. , Бурков А.Т. , Ховайло В.В. 
Published: January 2019

AbstractThe results of investigating the thermoelectric properties of the bulk р -type oxyselenides Bi_1 –_ x Pr_ x CuSeO ( x = 0, 0.04, 0.08) and Bi_0.96La_0.04CuSeO obtained by the solid-state reaction technique are presented. The temperature dependences of the thermopower, electrical resistivity, and thermal conductivity are measured at temperatures from room temperature to 800 K. Over the whole temperature range, a decrease in the electrical resistivity and thermopower is observed with increasing substitution level, while the thermal conductivity is almost unaffected by the substitution of rare-earth elements for bismuth. Despite the nominal valence of Bi, La, and Pr being the same, the replacement of bismuth by rare-earth ions leads to an increase in the charge-carrier concentration, which may be caused by a difference in the electronic configurations of ions, resulting in a shift of the Fermi level to the valence band.
Влияние концентрации водорода на фототок диодов Шоттки Pd/n-InP
Authors: Гребенщикова Е.А. , Сидоров В.Г. , Шутаев В.А. , Яковлев Ю.П. 
Published: January 2019

AbstractThe variation rate of the short-circuit photocurrent of Pd/ n -InP Schottky diodes is studied as a function of the presence of hydrogen in a gas mixture with H_2 concentrations of 1–100 vol %. It is shown that upon the simultaneous exposure of the Schottky diode to a hydrogen-containing gas mixture and to light (λ = 0.9 μm), the hydrogen concentration in the gas mixture and the Pd/ n -InP diode photocurrent variation rate are related exponentially. The Schottky-diode response rate to the presence of hydrogen in the gas mixture increases with the illumination intensity.
Электрофизические и фотолюминесцентные исследования сверхрешeток \LT-GaAs/GaAs : Si\, выращенных методом молекулярно-лучевой эпитаксии на подложках GaAs с ориентацией (100) и (111)А
Authors: Галиев Г.Б. , Климов Е.А. , Клочков А.Н. , Копылов В.Б. , Пушкарев C.C. 
Published: January 2019

AbstractThe results of studying semiconductor structures proposed for the first time and grown, which combine the properties of LT-GaAs with p -type conductivity upon doping with Si, are presented. The structures are {LT-GaAs/GaAs:Si} superlattices, in which the LT-GaAs layers are grown at a low temperature (in the range 280–350°C) and the GaAs:Si layers at a higher temperature (470°C). The p -type conductivity upon doping with Si is provided by the use of GaAs(111)A substrates and the choice of the growth temperature and the ratio between As_4 and Ga fluxes. The hole concentration steadily decreases, as the growth temperature of LT-GaAs layers is lowered from 350 to 280°C, which is attributed to an increase in the roughness of interfaces between layers and to the formation of regions depleted of charge carriers at the interfaces between the GaAs:Si and LT-GaAS layers. The evolution of the photoluminescence spectra at 77 K under variations in the growth temperature of LT-GaAs is interpreted as a result of changes in the concentration of Ga_As and V _Ga point defects and Si_Ga– V _Ga, V _As–Si_As, and Si_As–Si_Ga complexes.
Влияние относительного содержания металлической компоненты в диэлектрической матрице на образование и размеры нанокристаллов кобальта в пленочных композитах Co-=SUB=-x-=/SUB=-(MgF-=SUB=-2-=/SUB=-)-=SUB=-100-x-=/SUB=-
Authors: Домашевская Э.П. , Ивков С.А. , Ситников А.В. , Стогней О.В. , Козаков А.Т. , Никольский А.В. 
Published: January 2019

AbstractThe influence of relative content of a metal component on the phase composition and substructure of Co_ x (MgF_2)_100 – _ x in a wide range of x = 16–63 at % is studied by X-ray diffraction (XRD), X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) and infrared (IR) spectroscopy. The layers of nanocomposite with a micron thickness have been obtained by the ion-beam sputtering of the target in the argon environment. The results reveal that the relative metal cobalt content in the MgF_2 dielectric matrix strongly affects the phase composition and substructure of nanocomposites. With a lower content of cobalt, it is in the amorphous state in the form of clusters in the MgF_2 nanocrystalline matrix. An increase of cobalt content to x = 29 at % on a sitall substrate and to x = 42 at % on a glass substrate in the X-ray amorphous MgF_2 dielectric matrix leads to the formation of cobalt nanocrystals with a hexagonal crystallographic system, whose sizes are on the order of 10 nm. These are predominately oriented in the basis plane of the (001) hexagonal lattice of α-Со. A further increase of cobalt content to c = 59 at % enlarges the α-Со nanocrystals to ~20 nm with retaining the same orientation. In accordance with a fine structure analysis of XPS spectra of Со 2 p and О 1 s , cobalt is strongly oxidized on the surface of all the composites; only on the surface of samples with a low content of Co is X‑ray amorphous cobalt found in a metallic state along with cobalt oxide. The IR spectra of these samples with the lowest metal phase content exhibit the pronounced modes from the nanocrystalline MgF_2 dielectric phase.
Выявление поверхностных состояний в топологических изоляторах Bi-=SUB=-2-x-=/SUB=-Sb-=SUB=-x-=/SUB=-Te-=SUB=-3-y-=/SUB=-Se-=SUB=-y-=/SUB=- по магнитотранспортным измерениям
Authors: Сизов В.Е. , Борисов В.И. , Кузнецов П.И. , Ткач Ю.Я. 
Published: January 2019

AbstractIn this paper, we studied the effect of the magnetic field and temperature on conductivity of Bi_2 ‒ _ x Sb_ x Te_3 – _ y Se_ y topological insulators of different composition to identify electronic surface states in these films. The experimental data can be explained based on the model with two types of charge carriers. Thermoactivation conductivity, electron or hole, is observed in the film bulk depending on the sample composition while metal-like electronic states are found on the surface. The noticeable contribution of surface topological states to the total conductivity opens up the possibility of studying them.
Магнитная анизотропия многослойных гетероструктур [(Co-=SUB=-41-=/SUB=-Fe-=SUB=-39-=/SUB=-B-=SUB=-20-=/SUB=-)-=SUB=-x-=/SUB=-(SiO-=SUB=-2-=/SUB=-)-=SUB=-100-x-=/SUB=-/Bi-=SUB=-2-=/SUB=-Te-=SUB=-3-=/SUB=-]-=SUB=-47-=/SUB=-
Authors: Безверхний А.И. , Таланцев А.Д. , Калинин Ю.Е. , Ситников А.В. , Никитенко В.A. , Коплак О.В. , Дмитриев О.С. , Моргунов Р.Б. 
Published: January 2019

AbstractMagnetic anisotropy values are obtained for [(Co_41Fe_39B_20)_ x (SiO_2)_100 – _ x /Bi_2Te_3]_47 heterostructures consisting of SiO_2 alternating layers, CoFeB nanoparticles distributed in them, and Bi_2Te_3 layers with ferromagnetic resonance and magnetometry. The heterostructures have anisotropy of ~10^6 erg/cm^3, which orients the magnetic moment in films plane. The films are not solid, but they disintegrate into CoFeB nanoparticles with an average diameter of 5 nm during deposition, which corresponds to the blocking magnetization temperature of ~30 K during their saturation magnetization of M _ S = 720 emu/cm^3. The relationship between anisotropy constant and thickness of the layers of the heterostructures is nonmonotonic due to competition between surface and bulk anisotropies of the ferromagnetic granules, which the films are made of.