bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Temporal trends and regional variation in the rate of arthroscopic knee surgery in England: analysis of over 1.7 million procedures between 1997 and 2017. Has practice changed in response to new evidence?
Authors: Abram Simon G F , Judge Andrew , Beard David J , Wilson Hannah A , Price Andrew J 
Published: October 2018

Objectives
We investigated trends and regional variation in the rate of arthroscopic knee surgery performed in England from 1997–1998 to 2016–2017.

Design
Cross-sectional study of the national hospital episode statistics (HES) for England.

Methods
All hospital episodes for patients undergoing a knee arthroscopy between 1 April 1997 and 31 March 2017 were extracted from HES by procedure code. Age and sex-standardised rates of surgery were calculated using Office for National Statistic population data as the denominator. Trends in the rate of surgery were analysed by procedure both nationally and by Clinical Commissioning Group (CCG).

Results
A total of 1 088 872 arthroscopic partial meniscectomies (APMs), 326 600 diagnostic arthroscopies, 308 618 knee washouts and 252 885 chondroplasties were identified (1 759 467 hospital admissions; 1 447 142 patients). The rate of APM increased from a low of 51/100 000 population (95% CI 51 to 52) in 1997–1998 to a peak at 149/100 000 (95% CI 148 to 150) in 2013–2014; then, after 2014–2015, rates declined to 120/100 000 (95% CI 119 to 121) in 2016–2017. Rates of arthroscopic knee washout and diagnostic arthroscopy declined steadily from 50/100 000 (95% CI 49 to 50) and 47/100 000 (95% CI 46 to 47) respectively in 1997–1998, to 4.8/100 000 (95% CI 4.6 to 5.0) and 8.1/100 000 (95% CI 7.9 to 8.3) in 2016–2017. Rates of chondroplasty have increased from a low of 3.2/100 000 (95% CI 3.0 to 3.3) in 1997–1998 to 51/100 000 (95% CI 50.6 to 51.7) in 2016–2017. Substantial regional and age–group variation in practice was detected. In 2016–2017, between 11% (22/207) and 16% (34/207) of CCGs performed at least double the national average rate of each procedure.

Conclusions
Over the last 20 years, and likely in response to new evidence, rates of arthroscopic knee washout and diagnostic arthroscopy have declined by up to 90%. APM rates increased about 130% overall but have declined recently. Rates of chondroplasty increased about 15-fold. There is significant variation in practice, but the appropriate population intervention rate for these procedures remains unknown.
Perceptual-cognitive three-dimensional multiple-object tracking task can help the monitoring of sport-related concussion
Authors: Chermann Jean-François , Romeas Thomas , Marty Flore , Faubert Jocelyn 
Published: October 2018

ObjectivesWhile the rate of sport-related concussion is increasing, more effective tools are needed to help monitor the diagnosis and return to play of athletes. The three-dimensional multiple-object tracking (3D-MOT) exercise is a perceptual-cognitive task that has shown predictive power towards the dynamic requirements of real-world activities such as sport. This study introduced the use of the 3D-MOT task, along with the Standardized Assessment of Concussion (SAC) and Modified Balance Error Scoring System (M-BESS) tests, for diagnosis and return to play in professional sports.MethodsFifty-nine professional athletes were tested with the 3D-MOT, SAC and M-BESS tests at 48 hours following the injury. The same measures were employed to evaluate the return to play following the standard concussion management protocol. The SAC and M-BESS tests were also performed in pre-season (baseline) in 32 out of the 59 athletes.ResultsThe injured athletes exhibited poor performance on 3D-MOT at 48 hours post injury compared with return to play (p<0.001) as well as compared with healthy professionals’ performance scores (p<0.001). Importantly, learning rate, which participants are thought to have an expert advantage on this perceptual-cognitive task, was totally disrupted at 48 hours post injury compared with healthy professionals (p<0.001). The 3D-MOT performance was also correlated to the total number of symptoms (p=0.020), SAC (p=0.031) and M-BESS (p=0.004) scores at 48 hours. Not surprisingly, SAC and M-BESS tests’ usefulness for monitoring concussion was found to be weak, particularly when test performance following the injury was compared to baseline (p=0.056 and 0.349 for SAC and M-BESS, respectively).Conclusion3D-MOT could help monitor sport-related concussion in professional athletes. The discussion also covers the critical importance of perceptual-cognitive assessment following concussion in the athletic population.
Effects of exercise training on physical and psychosocial health in children with chronic respiratory disease: a systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Joschtel Barbara , Gomersall Sjaan R , Tweedy Sean , Petsky Helen , Chang Anne B , Trost Stewart G 
Published: October 2018

IntroductionChronic disease in children is increasing, including the prevalence of chronic respiratory diseases such as asthma, cystic fibrosis (CF), bronchiectasis and bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD). The aim of this systematic review and meta-analysis was to evaluate the effects of exercise training on health outcomes in children with chronic respiratory disease.MethodFive databases were searched for randomised controlled trials investigating the effects of exercise training on children with chronic respiratory disease. Following the PRISMA guidelines, eligible studies were identified and data were extracted. A meta-analysis was conducted for the outcomes cardiovascular fitness, lung function and quality of life (QoL).ResultsThe initial search returned 3688 papers. Twenty-seven (17 in children with asthma, 10 in children with CF) were included in the systematic review and 24 of these were included in the meta-analysis. No studies were identified in children with bronchiectasis or BPD. Included papers had a total of 1009 participants aged 8–20 years. In addition to cardiovascular fitness, lung function and QoL, studies also assessed pulmonary function, respiratory muscle strength, muscular strength and inflammation. Meta-analysis showed a large significant effect size in favour of exercise for cardiovascular fitness (peak VO2) (standard mean difference (SMD)=1.16, 95%  CI 0.61 to 1.70) and QoL (SMD=1.27, 95% CI 0.72 to 1.82) as well as a small, non-significant effect size for lung function (FEV1) (SMD=0.02, 95% CI -0.38 to 0.42).ConclusionExercise training significantly improves cardiovascular fitness and QoL in children with asthma and CF. Further research is needed, particularly in children with bronchiectasis and BPD.
Regional homogeneity of intrinsic brain activity related to the main alexithymia dimensions
Authors: Dai Han , Mei Li , Minjun Mei , Xiaofei Sun 
Published: October 2018

BackgroundAlexithymia is a multidimensional personality construct.ObjectiveThis study aims to investigate the neuronal correlates of each alexithymia dimension by examining the regional homogeneity (ReHo) of intrinsic brain activity in a resting situation.MethodsFrom university freshmen, students with alexithymia and non-alexithymia were recruited. Their alexithymic traits were assessed using the Toronto Alexithymia Scale-20. The ReHo was examined using a resting-state functional MRI approach.ResultsThis study suggests significant group differences in ReHo in multiple brain regions distributed in the frontal lobe, parietal lobe, temporal lobe, occipital lobe and insular cortex. However, only the ReHo in the insula was positively associated with difficulty identifying feelings, a main dimension of alexithymia. The ReHo in the lingual gyrus, precentral gyrus and postcentral gyrus was positively associated with difficulty describing feelings in participants with alexithymia. Lastly, the ReHo in the right dorsomedial prefrontal cortex (DMPFC_R) was negatively related to the externally oriented thinking style of participants with alexithymia.ConclusionIn conclusion, these results suggest that the main dimensions of alexithymia are correlated with specific brain regions’ function, and the role of the insula, lingual gyrus, precentral gyrus, postcentral gyrus and DMPFC_R in the neuropathology of alexithymia should be further investigated.
The regenerating family member 3 β instigates IL-17A-mediated neutrophil recruitment downstream of NOD1/2 signalling for controlling colonisation resistance independently of microbiota community structure
Authors: Waldschmitt Nadine , Kitamoto Sho , Secher Thomas , Zacharioudaki Vassiliki , Boulard Olivier , Floquet Emilie , Delacre Myriam , Lamas Bruno , Pham Hang-Phuong , Six Adrien , Richard Mathias L. , Dagorn Jean-Charles , Eberl Gérard , Langella Philippe , Chatel Jean-Marc , Ryffel Bernhard , Iovanna Juan Lucio , Poulin Lionel F , Sokol Harry , Kamada Nobuhiko , Chamaillard Mathias 
Published: October 2018

ObjectiveLoss of the Crohn’s disease predisposing NOD2 gene results in an intestinal microenvironment conducive for colonisation by attaching-and-effacing enteropathogens. However, it remains elusive whether it relies on the intracellular recruitment of the serine-threonine kinase RIPK2 by NOD2, a step that is required for its activation of the transcription factor NF-κB.DesignColonisation resistance was evaluated in wild type and mutant mice, as well as in ex-germ-free (ex-GF) mice which were colonised either with faeces from Ripk2-deficient mice or with bacteria with similar preferences for carbohydrates to those acquired by the pathogen. The severity of the mucosal pathology was quantified at several time points postinfection by using a previously established scoring. The community resilience in response to infection was evaluated by 16S ribosomal RNA gene sequence analysis. The control of pathogen virulence was evaluated by monitoring the secretion of Citrobacter-specific antibody response in the faeces.ResultsPrimary infection was similarly outcompeted in ex-GF Ripk2-deficient and control mice, demonstrating that the susceptibility to infection resulting from RIPK2 deficiency cannot be solely attributed to specific microbiota community structures. In contrast, delayed clearance of Citrobacter rodentium and exacerbated histopathology were preceded by a weakened propensity of intestinal macrophages to afford innate lymphoid cell activation. This tissue protection unexpectedly required the regenerating family member 3β by instigating interleukin (IL) 17A-mediated neutrophil recruitment to the intestine and subsequent phosphorylation of signal transducer and activator of transcription 3.ConclusionsThese results unveil a previously unrecognised mechanism that efficiently protects from colonisation by diarrhoeagenic bacteria early in infection.
Proposal of new clinical diagnostic criteria for POEMS syndrome
Authors: Suichi Tomoki , Misawa Sonoko , Sato Yasunori , Beppu Minako , Sakaida Emiko , Sekiguchi Yukari , Shibuya Kazumoto , Watanabe Keisuke , Amino Hiroshi , Kuwabara Satoshi 
Published: October 2018

ObjectiveTo propose the optimal diagnostic criteria for polyneuropathy, organomegaly, endocrinopathy, M-protein and skin changes (POEMS) syndrome using appropriate statistical methods and disease controls.MethodsThis retrospective cohort study included 104 consecutive patients with suspected POEMS syndrome, among whom a gold standard group of 60 patients with definitive POEMS syndrome diagnosis were followed for at least 12 months to strictly exclude other disorders mimicking POEMS syndrome and to confirm response to POEMS syndrome-specific treatment. Thirty patients with chronic inflammatory demyelinating polyradiculoneuropathy (demyelinating polyradiculoneuropathy controls) and 30 with multiple myeloma or immunoglobulin light chain amyloidosis (monoclonal plasma cell proliferation controls) were also included. Logistic regression analyses were performed to determine optimal combination of clinical and laboratory abnormalities, characteristic of POEMS syndrome.ResultsThe diagnostic criteria were statistically defined as the presence of the three major criteria (polyneuropathy (typically demyelinating), monoclonal plasma cell proliferative disorder and elevated vascular endothelial growth factor) and at least two of the four minor criteria (oedema/effusion, skin changes, organomegaly and sclerotic bone lesions), based on best performance by area under the receiver operating characteristic curve analyses. The sensitivity and specificity were 100% and 100%, respectively; the diagnostic accuracy of the proposed criteria was equivalent to somewhat complicated previous criteria.ConclusionsThe statistically defined, simple diagnostic criteria for POEMS syndrome could accelerate early diagnosis and treatment, thereby contribute to better outcome in patients with this serious disease. Prospective larger studies are required to confirm the validity.
Use of REBOA to stabilize in-hospital iatrogenic intra-abdominal hemorrhage
Authors: Goodenough Christopher J , Cobb Tyler A , Holcomb John B 
Published: October 2018

Resuscitative endovascular balloon occlusion of the aorta (REBOA) has become an increasingly popular alternative to emergency thoracotomy and aortic cross-clamping in patients with exsanguinating hemorrhage.1 This new capability is increasingly being used in non-trauma situations.2 3 This report demonstrates another novel use of REBOA for iatrogenic intra-abdominal hemorrhage.An 83-year-old man with multiple medical comorbidities and a history of chronic mesenteric ischemia was admitted to our institution for an elective mesenteric revascularization. Revascularization was unsuccessful, despite attempts to cross the lesion. Postprocedure, the patient developed a right groin hematoma, and CT on postprocedure day 0 demonstrated a femoral artery pseudoaneurysm and subintimal contrast at the level of the celiac artery, representing an iatrogenic dissection.The following day, he complained of dizziness. Physical examination revealed a blood pressure of 68/35 mm Hg, heart rate of 100 beats per minute, and a distended abdomen. Because the surgical intensive care unit (SICU) was full, he was transferred to the neurotrauma intesive care unit (NTICU) and intubated for hemodynamic instability. A chest X-ray revealed a prior thoracic endovascular aortic repair (figure 1), but no intrathoracic hemorrhage or pathology. Bedside ultrasonography revealed intra-abdominal fluid. Laboratory workup showed hemoglobin of 6.1 g/dL, from 10.9 the previous day. The patient was given two units of packed red blood cells, without response. The intensive care unit (ICU) team initiated norepinephrine, with minimal improvement despite increasing doses.Figure 1Chest X-ray with catheter in zone 1. Arrows mark the proximal and distal markers of the resuscitative endovascular balloon occlusion of the aorta.What would you do?Transfuse two units of packed red blood cells and observe.Proceed to the operating room (OR) for exploratory laparotomy.Endovascular balloon occlusion of the aorta (zone 1).
Effect of dietary chelated copper and methionine and cysteine on performance, egg quality, and nutrient balance in brown laying hens from 20 to 49 wk old
Authors: Trindade Neto M.A. , Saccomani A.P.O. , Tse M.L.P. , Dadalt J.C. 
Published: October 2018

Using 960 brown laying hens from 20 to 48 wk of age, in a 4 × 5 factorial arrangement, the effects on production, quality of eggs, and nutrient balance of analysed 18, 41, 61, and 111 mg kg−1of copper (Cu) and of 0.550%, 0.679%, 0.793%, 0.845%, and 0.948% of methionine and cysteine (Met + Cys) were evaluated. Treatments were administered to six replicate cages (eight hens per cage). At the 49th wk of age, 320 of these hens were kept under the same experimental conditions to evaluate the nutrient balance, and each treatment was allocated to four replicate cages (four hens per cage). The trend of interaction effect between Cu and Met + Cys levels was observed on egg weight and mass. The interaction between mineral and amino acid was characterized on egg quality variables. Quadratic equations indicated that increasing the dietary level of Cu reduced the estimate requirement of Met + Cys for hens. Across the entire experimental period, the total estimated Met + Cys level was 0.755% ± 0.021% based on the performance variables. As Cu increased in the diet, it decreased the estimated Met + Cys level to ensure egg weight, mass, and egg quality. Level of chelated Cu above 23 mg kg−1may negatively affect the egg quality.
An existence theorem for a two-dimensional nonlinear shell model of Koiter’s type
Authors: Ciarlet Philippe G. , Mardare Cristinel 
Published: October 2018

We propose a minimization problem with a stored energy function that is polyconvex and satisfies all the other assumptions of John Ball’s theorem, while being at the same time well adapted for modeling a nonlinearly elastic shell. By restricting the admissible deformations to be specific quadratic polynomials with respect to the transverse variable, we are able to define a new nonlinear shell model for which a satisfactory existence theory is available and that is still two-dimensional, in the sense that minimizing the corresponding total energy amounts to finding three vector fields defined on the closure of a bounded open subset of [Formula: see text]. The most noteworthy feature of our nonlinear shell model is that the “lowest order part” of its stored energy function coincides, at least formally, with the stored energy function found in Koiter’s model for a specific class of deformations that are to within the first-order identical to the Kirchhoff–Love deformations considered by W. T. Koiter.
A Novel Small-Molecule Inhibitor of MRCK Prevents Radiation-Driven Invasion in Glioblastoma
Authors: Birch Joanna L. , Strathdee Karen , Gilmour Lesley , Vallatos Antoine , McDonald Laura , Kouzeli Ariadni , Vasan Richa , Qaisi Abdulrahman Hussain , Croft Daniel R. , Crighton Diane , Gill Kathryn , Gray Christopher H. , Konczal Jennifer , Mezna Mokdad , McArthur Duncan , Schüttelkopf Alexander W. , McConnell Patricia , Sime Mairi , Holmes William M. , Bower Justin , McKinnon Heather J. , Drysdale Martin , Olson Michael F. , Chalmers Anthony J. 
Published: October 2018

Abstract
Glioblastoma (GBM) is an aggressive and incurable primary brain tumor that causes severe neurologic, cognitive, and psychologic symptoms. Symptoms are caused and exacerbated by the infiltrative properties of GBM cells, which enable them to pervade the healthy brain and disrupt normal function. Recent research has indicated that although radiotherapy (RT) remains the most effective component of multimodality therapy for patients with GBM, it can provoke a more infiltrative phenotype in GBM cells that survive treatment. Here, we demonstrate an essential role of the actin-myosin regulatory kinase myotonic dystrophy kinase-related CDC42-binding kinase (MRCK) in mediating the proinvasive effects of radiation. MRCK-mediated invasion occurred via downstream signaling to effector molecules MYPT1 and MLC2. MRCK was activated by clinically relevant doses per fraction of radiation, and this activation was concomitant with an increase in GBM cell motility and invasion. Furthermore, ablation of MRCK activity either by RNAi or by inhibition with the novel small-molecule inhibitor BDP-9066 prevented radiation-driven increases in motility both in vitro and in a clinically relevant orthotopic xenograft model of GBM. Crucially, treatment with BDP-9066 in combination with RT significantly increased survival in this model and markedly reduced infiltration of the contralateral cerebral hemisphere.
Significance: An effective new strategy for the treatment of glioblastoma uses a novel, anti-invasive chemotherapeutic to prevent infiltration of the normal brain by glioblastoma cells.Cancer Res; 78(22); 6509–22. ©2018 AACR.
HERC2 Facilitates BLM and WRN Helicase Complex Interaction with RPA to Suppress G-Quadruplex DNA
Authors: Wu Wenwen , Rokutanda Nana , Takeuchi Jun , Lai Yongqiang , Maruyama Reo , Togashi Yukiko , Nishikawa Hiroyuki , Arai Naoko , Miyoshi Yasuo , Suzuki Nao , Saeki Yasushi , Tanaka Keiji , Ohta Tomohiko 
Published: October 2018

Abstract
BLM and WRN are RecQ DNA helicasesessential for genomic stability. Here, we demonstrate that HERC2, a HECT E3 ligase, is critical for their functions to suppress G-quadruplex (G4) DNA. HERC2 interacted with BLM, WRN, and replication protein A (RPA) complexes during the S-phase of the cell cycle. Depletion of HERC2 dissociated RPA from BLM and WRN complexes and significantly increased G4 formation. Triple depletion revealed that HERC2 has an epistatic relationship with BLM and WRN in their G4-suppressing function. In vitro, HERC2 released RPA onto single-stranded DNA (ssDNA) rather than anchoring onto RPA-coated ssDNA. CRISPR/Cas9-mediated deletion of the catalytic ubiquitin-binding site of HERC2 inhibited ubiquitination of RPA2, caused RPA accumulation in the helicase complexes, and increased G4, indicating an essential role for E3 activity in the suppression of G4. Both depletion of HERC2 and inactivation of E3 sensitized cells to the G4-interacting compounds telomestatin and pyridostatin. Overall, these results indicate that HERC2 is a master regulator of G4 suppression that affects the sensitivity of cells to G4 stabilizers. Given that HERC2 expression is frequently reduced in many types of cancers, G4 accumulation as a result of HERC2 deficiency may provide a therapeutic target for G4 stabilizers.
Significance: HERC2 is revealed as a master regulator of G-quadruplex, a DNA secondary structure that triggers genomic instability and may serve as a potential molecular target in cancer therapy.
Graphical Abstract: http://cancerres.aacrjournals.org/content/canres/78/22/6371/F1.large.jpg. Cancer Res; 78(22); 6371–85. ©2018 AACR.
Gene Expression Profiling Reveals Aberrant T-cell Marker Expression on Tumor Cells of Waldenström's Macroglobulinemia
Authors: Hao Mu , Barlogie Bart , Tricot Guido , Liu Lanting , Qiu Lugui , Shaughnessy John D. , Zhan Fenghuang 
Published: October 2018

Abstract

Purpose:
That the malignant clone of Waldenström's macroglobulinemia (WM) demonstrates significant intraclonal heterogeneity with respect to plasmacytoid differentiation indicates the mechanistic complexity of tumorigenesis and progression. Identification of WM genes by comparing different stages of B cells may provide novel druggable targets.

Experimental Design:
The gene expression signatures of CD19+ B cells (BC) and CD138+ plasma cells (PC) from 19 patients with WM were compared with those of BCs from peripheral blood and tonsil and to those of PCs from the marrow of healthy (N-PC) and multiple myeloma donors (MM-PC), as well as tonsil (T-PC). Flow cytometry and immunofluorescence were used to examine T-cell marker expression on WM tumor cells.

Results:
Consistent with defective differentiation, both BCs and PCs from WM cases expressed abnormal differentiation markers. Sets of 55 and 46 genes were differentially expressed in WM-BC and WM-PC, respectively; and 40 genes uniquely dysregulated in WM samples were identified. Dysregulated genes included cytokines, growth factor receptors, and oncogenes not previously implicated in WM or other plasma cell dyscrasias. Interestingly, strong upregulation of both IL6 and IL6R was confirmed. Supervised cluster analysis of PC revealed that marrow-derived WM-PC was either MM-PC–like or T-PC–like, but not N-PC–like. The aberrant expression of T-cell markers was confirmed at the protein level in WM-BC.

Conclusions:
We showed that comparative microarray profiles allowed gaining more comprehensive insights into the biology of WM. The data presented here have implications for the development of novel therapies, such as targeting aberrant T-cell markers in WM.