bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Chemical Abundances of Main-sequence, Turnoff, Subgiant, and Red Giant Stars from APOGEE Spectra. I. Signatures of Diffusion in the Open Cluster M67
Authors: Souto Diogo , Cunha Katia , Smith Verne V. , Prieto C. Allende , García-Hernández D. A. , Pinsonneault Marc , Holzer Parker , Frinchaboy Peter , Holtzman Jon , Johnson J. A. , Jönsson Henrik , Majewski Steven R. , Shetrone Matthew , Sobeck Jennifer , Stringfellow Guy , Teske Johanna , Zamora Olga , Zasowski Gail , Carrera Ricardo , Stassun Keivan , Fernandez-Trincado J. G. , Villanova Sandro , Minniti Dante , Santana Felipe 
Published: April 2018

Abstract
Detailed chemical abundance distributions for 14 elements are derived for eight high-probability stellar members of the solar metallicity old open cluster M67 with an age of ∼4 Gyr. The eight stars consist of four pairs, with each pair occupying a distinct phase of stellar evolution: two G dwarfs, two turnoff stars, two G subgiants, and two red clump (RC) K giants. The abundance analysis uses near-IR high-resolution spectra (λ1.5–1.7 μm) from the Apache Point Observatory Galactic Evolution Experiment survey and derives abundances for C, N, O, Na, Mg, Al, Si, K, Ca, Ti, V, Cr, Mn, and Fe. Our derived stellar parameters and metallicity for 2M08510076+1153115 suggest that this star is a solar twin, exhibiting abundance differences relative to the Sun of ≤0.04 dex for all elements. Chemical homogeneity is found within each class of stars (∼0.02 dex), while significant abundance variations (∼0.05–0.20 dex) are found across the different evolutionary phases; the turnoff stars typically have the lowest abundances, while the RCs tend to have the largest. Non-LTE corrections to the LTE-derived abundances are unlikely to explain the differences. A detailed comparison of the derived Fe, Mg, Si, and Ca abundances with recently published surface abundances from stellar models that include chemical diffusion provides a good match between the observed and predicted abundances as a function of stellar mass. Such agreement would indicate the detection of chemical diffusion processes in the stellar members of M67.
Planetary Candidates Observed by Kepler. VIII. A Fully Automated Catalog with Measured Completeness and Reliability Based on Data Release 25
Authors: Thompson Susan E. , Coughlin Jeffrey L. , Hoffman Kelsey , Mullally Fergal , Christiansen Jessie L. , Burke Christopher J. , Bryson Steve , Batalha Natalie , Haas Michael R. , Catanzarite Joseph , Rowe Jason F. , Barentsen Geert , Caldwell Douglas A. , Clarke Bruce D. , Jenkins Jon M. , Li Jie , Latham David W. , Lissauer Jack J. , Mathur Savita , Morris Robert L. , Seader Shawn E. , Smith Jeffrey C. , Klaus Todd C. , Twicken Joseph D. , Van Cleve Jeffrey E. , Wohler Bill , Akeson Rachel , Ciardi David R. , Cochran William D. , Henze Christopher E. , Howell Steve B. , Huber Daniel , Prša Andrej , Ramírez Solange V. , Morton Timothy D. , Barclay Thomas , Campbell Jennifer R. , Chaplin William J. , Charbonneau David , Christensen-Dalsgaard Jørgen , Dotson Jessie L. , Doyle Laurance , Dunham Edward W. , Dupree Andrea K. , Ford Eric B. , Geary John C. , Girouard Forrest R. , Isaacson Howard , Kjeldsen Hans , Quintana Elisa V. , Ragozzine Darin , Shabram Megan , Shporer Avi , Aguirre Victor Silva , Steffen Jason H. , Still Martin , Tenenbaum Peter , Welsh William F. , Wolfgang Angie , Zamudio Khadeejah A , Koch David G. , Borucki William J. 
Published: April 2018

Abstract
We present the Kepler Object of Interest (KOI) catalog of transiting exoplanets based on searching 4 yr of Kepler time series photometry (Data Release 25, Q1–Q17). The catalog contains 8054 KOIs, of which 4034 are planet candidates with periods between 0.25 and 632 days. Of these candidates, 219 are new, including two in multiplanet systems (KOI-82.06 and KOI-2926.05) and 10 high-reliability, terrestrial-size, habitable zone candidates. This catalog was created using a tool called the Robovetter, which automatically vets the DR25 threshold crossing events (TCEs). The Robovetter also vetted simulated data sets and measured how well it was able to separate TCEs caused by noise from those caused by low signal-to-noise transits. We discuss the Robovetter and the metrics it uses to sort TCEs. For orbital periods less than 100 days the Robovetter completeness (the fraction of simulated transits that are determined to be planet candidates) across all observed stars is greater than 85%. For the same period range, the catalog reliability (the fraction of candidates that are not due to instrumental or stellar noise) is greater than 98%. However, for low signal-to-noise candidates between 200 and 500 days around FGK-dwarf stars, the Robovetter is 76.7% complete and the catalog is 50.5% reliable. The KOI catalog, the transit fits, and all of the simulated data used to characterize this catalog are available at the NASA Exoplanet Archive.
The NANOGrav 11-year Data Set: High-precision Timing of 45 Millisecond Pulsars
Authors: Arzoumanian Zaven , Brazier Adam , Burke-Spolaor Sarah , Chamberlin Sydney , Chatterjee Shami , Christy Brian , Cordes James M. , Cornish Neil J. , Crawford Fronefield , Cromartie H. Thankful , Crowter Kathryn , DeCesar Megan E. , Demorest Paul B. , Dolch Timothy , Ellis Justin A. , Ferdman Robert D. , Ferrara Elizabeth C. , Fonseca Emmanuel , Garver-Daniels Nathan , Gentile Peter A. , Halmrast Daniel , Huerta E. A. , Jenet Fredrick A. , Jessup Cody , Jones Glenn , Jones Megan L. , Kaplan David L. , Lam Michael T. , W. Lazio T. Joseph , Levin Lina , Lommen Andrea , Lorimer Duncan R. , Luo Jing , Lynch Ryan S. , Madison Dustin , Matthews Allison M. , McLaughlin Maura A. , McWilliams Sean T. , Mingarelli Chiara , Ng Cherry , Nice David J. , Pennucci Timothy T. , Ransom Scott M. , Ray Paul S. , Siemens Xavier , Simon Joseph , Spiewak Renée , Stairs Ingrid H. , Stinebring Daniel R. , Stovall Kevin , Swiggum Joseph K. , Taylor Stephen R. , Vallisneri Michele , van Haasteren Rutger , Vigeland Sarah J. , Zhu Weiwei ,   The NANOGrav Collaboration
Published: April 2018

Abstract
We present high-precision timing data over time spans of up to 11 years for 45 millisecond pulsars observed as part of the North American Nanohertz Observatory for Gravitational Waves (NANOGrav) project, aimed at detecting and characterizing low-frequency gravitational waves. The pulsars were observed with the Arecibo Observatory and/or the Green Bank Telescope at frequencies ranging from 327 MHz to 2.3 GHz. Most pulsars were observed with approximately monthly cadence, and six high-timing-precision pulsars were observed weekly. All were observed at widely separated frequencies at each observing epoch in order to fit for time-variable dispersion delays. We describe our methods for data processing, time-of-arrival (TOA) calculation, and the implementation of a new, automated method for removing outlier TOAs. We fit a timing model for each pulsar that includes spin, astrometric, and (for binary pulsars) orbital parameters; time-variable dispersion delays; and parameters that quantify pulse-profile evolution with frequency. The timing solutions provide three new parallax measurements, two new Shapiro delay measurements, and two new measurements of significant orbital-period variations. We fit models that characterize sources of noise for each pulsar. We find that 11 pulsars show significant red noise, with generally smaller spectral indices than typically measured for non-recycled pulsars, possibly suggesting a different origin. A companion paper uses these data to constrain the strength of the gravitational-wave background.
SPLASH-SXDF Multi-wavelength Photometric Catalog
Authors: Mehta Vihang , Scarlata Claudia , Capak Peter , Davidzon Iary , Faisst Andreas , Hsieh Bau Ching , Ilbert Olivier , Jarvis Matt , Laigle Clotilde , Phillips John , Silverman John , Strauss Michael A. , Tanaka Masayuki , Bowler Rebecca , Coupon Jean , Foucaud Sébastien , Hemmati Shoubaneh , Masters Daniel , McCracken Henry Joy , Mobasher Bahram , Ouchi Masami , Shibuya Takatoshi , Wang Wei-Hao 
Published: April 2018

Abstract
We present a multi-wavelength catalog in the Subaru/XMM-Newton Deep Field (SXDF) as part of the Spitzer Large Area Survey with Hyper-Suprime-Cam (SPLASH). We include the newly acquired optical data from the Hyper-Suprime-Cam Subaru Strategic Program, accompanied by IRAC coverage from the SPLASH survey. All available optical and near-infrared data is homogenized and resampled on a common astrometric reference frame. Source detection is done using a multi-wavelength detection image including the u-band to recover the bluest objects. We measure multi-wavelength photometry and compute photometric redshifts as well as physical properties for ∼1.17 million objects over ∼4.2 deg2, with ∼800,000 objects in the 2.4 deg2 HSC-Ultra-Deep coverage. Using the available spectroscopic redshifts from various surveys over the range of 0 < z < 6, we verify the performance of the photometric redshifts and we find a normalized median absolute deviation of 0.023 and outlier fraction of 3.2%. The SPLASH-SXDF catalog is a valuable, publicly available resource, perfectly suited for studying galaxies in the early universe and tracing their evolution through cosmic time.
A New Equilibrium State for Singly Synchronous Binary Asteroids
Authors: Golubov Oleksiy , Unukovych Vladyslav , Scheeres Daniel J. 
Published: April 2018

Abstract
The evolution of rotation states of small asteroids is governed by the Yarkovsky–O’Keefe–Radzievskii–Paddack (YORP) effect, nonetheless some asteroids can stop their YORP evolution by attaining a stable equilibrium. The same is true for binary asteroids subjected to the binary YORP (BYORP) effect. Here we discuss a new type of equilibrium that combines these two, which is possible in a singly synchronous binary system. This equilibrium occurs when the normal YORP, the tangential YORP, and the BYORP compensate each other, and tidal torques distribute the angular momentum between the components of the system and dissipate energy. If unperturbed, such a system would remain singly synchronous in perpetuity with constant spin and orbit rates, as the tidal torques dissipate the incoming energy from impinging sunlight at the same rate. The probability of the existence of this kind of equilibrium in a binary system is found to be on the order of a few percent.
Clonal Bifurcation of Foxp3 Expression Visualized in Thymocytes and T Cells
Authors: Yen Bonnie , Fortson Katherine T , Rothman Nyanza J , Arpaia Nicholas , Reiner Steven L 
Published: April 2018

Abstract
Regulatory T cells (Tregs) are crucial for suppressing autoimmunity and inflammation mediated by conventional T cells. To be useful, some Tregs should have overlapping specificity with relevant self-reactive or pathogen-specific clones. Whether matching recognition between Tregs and non-Tregs might arise through stochastic or deterministic mechanisms has not been addressed. We tested the hypothesis that some Tregs that arise in the thymus or that are induced during Ag-driven expansion of conventional CD4+ T cells might be clonally related to non-Tregs by virtue of asymmetric Foxp3 induction during cell division. We isolated mouse CD4+ thymocytes dividing in vivo, wherein sibling cells exhibited discordant expression of Foxp3 and CD25. Under in vitro conditions that stimulate induced Tregs from conventional mouse CD4+ T cells, we found a requirement for cell cycle progression to achieve Foxp3 induction. Moreover, a substantial fraction of sibling cell pairs arising from induced Treg stimulation also contained discordant expression of Foxp3. Division-linked yet asymmetric induction of Treg fate offers potential mechanisms to anticipate peripheral self-reactivity during thymic selection as well as produce precise, de novo counterregulation during CD4+ T cell–mediated immune responses.
The Synergy between Palmitate and TNF-α for CCL2 Production Is Dependent on the TRIF/IRF3 Pathway: Implications for Metabolic Inflammation
Authors: Ahmad Rasheed , Al-Roub Areej , Kochumon Shihab , Akther Nadeem , Thomas Reeby , Kumari Manju , Koshy Merin S. , Tiss Ali , Hannun Yusuf A. , Tuomilehto Jaakko , Sindhu Sardar , Rosen Evan D. 
Published: April 2018

Abstract
The chemokine CCL2 (also known as MCP-1) is a key regulator of monocyte infiltration into adipose tissue, which plays a central role in the pathophysiology of obesity-associated inflammation and insulin resistance. It remains unclear how CCL2 production is upregulated in obese humans and rodents. Because elevated levels of the free fatty acid (FFA) palmitate and TNF-α have been reported in obesity, we studied whether these agents interact to trigger CCL2 production. Our data show that treatment of THP-1 and primary human monocytic cells with palmitate and TNF-α led to a marked increase in CCL2 production compared with either treatment alone. Mechanistically, we found that cooperative production of CCL2 by palmitate and TNF-α did not require MyD88, but it was attenuated by blocking TLR4 or TRIF. IRF3-deficient cells did not show synergistic CCL2 production in response to palmitate/TNF-α. Moreover, IRF3 activation by polyinosinic-polycytidylic acid augmented TNF-α–induced CCL2 secretion. Interestingly, elevated NF-κB/AP-1 activity resulting from palmitate/TNF-α costimulation was attenuated by TRIF/IRF3 inhibition. Diet-induced C57BL/6 obese mice with high FFAs levels showed a strong correlation between TNF-α and CCL2 in plasma and adipose tissue and, as expected, also showed increased adipose tissue macrophage accumulation compared with lean mice. Similar results were observed in the adipose tissue samples from obese humans. Overall, our findings support a model in which elevated FFAs in obesity create a milieu for TNF-α to trigger CCL2 production via the TLR4/TRIF/IRF3 signaling cascade, representing a potential contribution of FFAs to metabolic inflammation.
The Impact of Maternal Microbes and Microbial Colonization in Early Life on Hematopoiesis
Authors: McCoy Kathy D. , Thomson Carolyn A. 
Published: April 2018

Abstract
All body surfaces are colonized by microbes, which occurs through a dynamic process over the first few years of life. Initial colonizing microbes are transferred from the maternal microbiota to the newborn through vertical transmission. Postnatal maturation of the immune system is heavily influenced by these microbes, particularly during early life. Although microbial-mediated education of the immune system is better understood at mucosal sites, recent data indicate that the systemic immune system is also shaped by the microbiota. Bacterial products and metabolites produced through microbial metabolism can reach distal sites, and metabolites derived from the maternal microbiota can cross the placenta and are present in milk. Recent studies show that the microbiota can even influence immune development in primary lymphoid organs like the bone marrow. This review outlines our current knowledge of how the microbiota can impact hematopoiesis, with a focus on the effects of maternal and early-life microbiota.
Impact of disturbance electric fields in the evening on prereversal vertical drift and spread F developments in the equatorial ionosphere
Authors: Abdu Mangalathayil A. , Nogueira Paulo A. B. , Santos Angela M. , de Souza Jonas R. , Batista Inez S. , Sobral Jose H. A. 
Published: April 2018

Abstract. Equatorial plasma bubble/spread F irregularity occurrence can present large
variability depending upon the intensity of the evening prereversal
enhancement in the zonal electric field (PRE), that is, the F region
vertical plasma drift, which basically drives the post-sunset irregularity
development. Forcing from magnetospheric disturbances is an important source
of modification and variability in the PRE vertical drift and of the
associated bubble development. Although the roles of magnetospheric
disturbance time penetration electric fields in the bubble irregularity
development have been studied in the literature, many details regarding the
nature of the interaction between the penetration electric fields and the
PRE vertical drift still lack our understanding. In this paper we have
analyzed data on F layer heights and vertical drifts obtained from
digisondes operated in Brazil to investigate the connection between magnetic
disturbances occurring during and preceding sunset and the consequent
variabilities in the PRE vertical drift and associated equatorial spread F (ESF) development. The
impact of the prompt penetration under-shielding eastward electric field and
that of the over-shielding, and disturbance dynamo, westward electric field
on the evolution of the evening PRE vertical drift and thereby on the ESF
development are briefly examined. Keywords. Ionosphere (ionospheric irregularities)
High-frequency productivity estimates for a lake from free-water CO2 concentration measurements
Authors: Provenzale Maria , Ojala Anne , Heiskanen Jouni , Erkkilä Kukka-Maaria , Mammarella Ivan , Hari Pertti , Vesala Timo 
Published: April 2018

Abstract. Lakes are important actors in biogeochemical cycles and a powerful natural
source of CO2. However, they are not yet fully integrated in carbon global
budgets, and the carbon cycle in the water is still poorly understood. In
freshwater ecosystems, productivity studies have usually been carried out
with traditional methods (bottle incubations, 14C technique), which are
imprecise and have a poor temporal resolution. Consequently, our ability to
quantify and predict the net ecosystem productivity (NEP) is limited: the
estimates are prone to errors and the NEP cannot be parameterised from
environmental variables. Here we expand the testing of a free-water method
based on the direct measurement of the CO2 concentration in the water. The
approach was first proposed in 2008, but was tested on a very short data set
(3 days) under specific conditions (autumn turnover); despite showing
promising results, this method has been neglected by the scientific
community. We tested the method under different conditions (summer
stratification, typical summer conditions for boreal dark-water lakes) and on
a much longer data set (40 days), and quantitatively validated it comparing
our data and productivity models. We were able to evaluate the NEP with a
high temporal resolution (minutes) and found a very good agreement (R2≥0.71) with the models. We also estimated the parameters of the
productivity–irradiance (PI) curves that allow the calculation of the NEP
from irradiance and water temperature. Overall, our work shows that the
approach is suitable for productivity studies under a wider range of
conditions, and is an important step towards developing this method so that
it becomes more widely used.
The Influence of Dostoyevsky's The Brothers Karamazov on the Plays of Arthur Miller
Authors: Abbotson Susan 
Published: April 2018

Abstract
One of the most consistent thematic elements we find in Miller's plays, from his early student writings to Mr. Peters' Connections, is his exploration of the love and rivalry to be found between brothers. Many have viewed this concern as being rooted in Miller's personal feelings of both admiration and resentment toward his older brother Kermit. But while this may have allowed Miller to create his dramatic siblings with more authenticity, might not this fascination with loving brothers at odds have another, more literary source? And more than that, what if this book also contained many other seeds of Miller's growing existential philosophy and literary tropes? Dostoyevsky was one of the first major authors to whom the young Miller was exposed, and this essay explores the possible influence of The Brothers Karamazov on Miller's work.
The Reproductive Imperative ofThe Road
Authors: Bellamy Brent Ryan 
Published: April 2018

AbstractThis article explores the gender dynamic of Cormac McCarthy's Pulitzer Prize-winning novel The Road (2006). It engages the novel's post-apocalyptic survival narrative from three different perspectives within the novel: first, the man, whom the world seems to be set against; second, the boy, who has a fundamental openness to the world; and third, the woman's aborted narrative. Though few critics take it up (Nell Sullivan is perhaps the most prominent), this article argues the woman offers a third interpretive path through the novel. Her story remains crucial to the cohesion and successful completion of the plot, yet the novel does not present its telling. Drawing on queer theory and Marxist-feminist analysis, this article explores an impasse: The Road effectively banishes the woman from its pages, despite the fact that she is necessary to the flourishing of the man and the boy. I argue that the novel works as narrative precisely because of the aborted emplotment of the woman and the appearance of the new woman at plot's end. The Road creates a reproductive imperative that binds the fantasy of beginning anew with the ideology of gender. It insists that reaching any future whatsoever means women must have babies.
“See the Wild Man Two Bits”: James Robert, Disability, and Personhood in Blood Meridian
Authors: Ploskonka Mitchell 
Published: April 2018

Abstract
This article seeks to situate James Robert, the idiot in Blood Meridian, within the larger contextual and literary history of idiocy. The robust field of disability studies is employed to help interpret a conspicuously overlooked character in McCarthy scholarship. In order to stress Robert's conformity to and deviation from the novel's ableist social constructions, physical disability is discussed in relation to the scalp hunters. Next, a history of idiocy in America and a discussion on literary idiots leads to a discussion of James Robert's function in the text, his relationship with Judge Holden, and the question of personhood in the novel.
Teacher Candidates Perceptions of a Course Assignment Designed to Support a Teacher Performance Assessment
Authors: Brown Carmen Sherry 
Published: April 2018

To guide and support teacher candidates in developing the knowledge and skills they need in the classroom, teacher preparation programs must prepare students in acquiring the experience and expertise needed to demonstrate mastery of general knowledge in the specific subject or content area. In addition, teacher preparation programs must support candidates in maintaining knowledge of professional preparation and education competence that will guide student development. Therefore, faculty in teacher preparation programs are critical in supporting pre-service teachers in acquiring and developing the knowledge and skills in order to be effective and efficient in the classroom and to meet licensure requirements. To support the alignment of early childhood coursework in a teacher preparation program with a Teacher Performance Assessment (edTPA), the purpose of this study was to determine the efficacy of a redesigned course assignment that was intended to support the edTPA. The findings indicated that there are opportunities for candidates to develop their practice through course assignments that are aligned with the language and expectations of the edTPA.