bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Modified Tasmanian devil optimization for solving single and multi-objective optimal power flow in conventional and advanced power systems
Authors: Farhat Mohamed , Kamel Salah , Abdelaziz Almoataz Y. 
Published: November 2024

AbstractThis paper presents two modified versions of the Tasmanian Devil Optimization (TDO) for dealing with the optimal power flow (OPF) problem in both conventional and advanced power systems. The original TDO is enhanced with two distinct constraint handling techniques: weighted factors (WF) in addition to the superiority of feasible solutions (SF).The two developed algorithms (TDO-WF and TDO-SF) are applied to tackle both single and multi-objective functions of the OPF problem. Two test systems are used for verifying the two developed algorithms in different case studies. The first test system is the IEEE-30 bus system in its conventional form, while the second system is an advanced version of the IEEE-30 bus system that contains three distinct sorts of renewable energy plants and a variable load. The MATLAB software is used for simulation purposes. The two developed algorithms overcame the problem of violating the system’s constraints in the original TDO and achieved better results than alternative approaches in the related research. A statistical analysis and a Wilcoxon signed rank test are carried out to define the best one of the two developed techniques. The results of the two suggested techniques are quite similar, and we verified the validity of both of them to tackle the OPF problem in both conventional and advanced power systems.
Science and Mathematics High School Students’ Perceptions of Self-Regulated Learning
Authors: Arvatz Avivit , Dori Yehudit Judy 
Published: November 2024

AbstractWe investigated the advancement of self-regulated learning (SRL) in diverse educational settings, including science, mathematics, and humanities disciplines. We identified practices for assessing students' SRL and encouraging reflection. The research questions were: (1) Can sustained changes in students' perceptions of SRL over time be assessed, and if so how? and (2) What assessment strategies effectively influence students' perceptions of their SRL? Research tools included a specially-designed questionnaire and a graphic-facilitated focus group. We first compared the SRL of 184 high school students in science, mathematics, and humanities, followed by a closer look at the SRL development of 72 students in science and mathematics. Six students then engaged in a graphical facilitation assessment to identify shifts in their SRL perceptions and reflections. The findings showed that students' SRL skills consisted of multiple factors, with help-seeking being the highest and reflection skills the lowest. No significant differences were found between science, mathematics, and humanities students' SRL skills. Mathematics students exhibited significant SRL improvements after an intervention, while science students showed no change. However, the focus group of science students elicited shifts in SRL perceptions and reflection through the use of graphical facilitation. Despite limitations in generalizability, this research highlights the value of diverse assessment tools in promoting SRL. It underscores the importance of employing diverse tools during the promotion of self-regulation processes to foster meaningful advancements in students' SRL skills. Our study contributes by linking the cyclical SRL model with the timing of reflection and adopting a multimodal approach to SRL assessment.
Strengthening the Paris Agreement through trade? The potential and limitations of EU preferential trade agreements for climate governance
Authors: Bertram Caroline , Van Coppenolle Hermine 
Published: November 2024

AbstractSince 2019, a commitment has been included in the European Union’s (EU) preferential trade agreements to effectively implement the Paris Agreement. This commitment now exists in nine ratified or pending trade agreements. Yet research into the legal nature and institutional implications of this linkage between the Paris Agreement and EU trade agreements remains scant. Relying on the governance stringency framework, we explore the evolution of this commitment across EU trade agreements, highlighting its transition from a statement of shared intent into a legally binding obligation. We argue that the EU’s latest trade agreements increase the cost of withdrawing from the Paris Agreement and bolster the Paris Agreement’s obligations of conduct, namely parties’ procedural duties, the expectation of progressively more ambitious climate pledges, and the commitment of all parties to realise these to the best of their efforts. Finally, we suggest that the implementation and enforcement mechanisms available through EU trade agreements in the context of the Paris Agreement commitment may prove pivotal in realising the climate regime’s objectives.
Observations about skew morphisms of cyclic groups
Authors: Bachratý Martin , Hagara Michal 
Published: November 2024

AbstractA permutation $$\varphi $$
φ
on a finite group G is a skew morphism of G if $$\varphi (1_G)=1_G$$

φ

(

1
G

)

=

1
G

and there exists a function $$\pi \!: G \rightarrow \mathbb {Z}_{|\langle \varphi \rangle |}$$

π

:
G
→

Z

|
⟨
φ
⟩
|

such that $$\varphi (ab) = \varphi (a)\varphi ^{\pi (a)}(b)$$

φ

(
a
b
)

=
φ

(
a
)

φ

π
(
a
)

(
b
)

for all $$a,b\in G$$

a
,
b
∈
G

. In this paper, we develop an efficient algorithm for generating skew morphisms of finite cyclic groups and use it to determine all skew morphisms for cyclic groups up to order 1175. We then use this census to prove a number of new theorems about skew morphisms of finite cyclic groups. For example, we prove that the set of all skew morphisms of $$\mathbb {Z}_n$$

Z
n

is itself a group if and only if all skew morphisms of $$\mathbb {Z}_n$$

Z
n

are automorphisms, and we also determine all n for which every non-trivial skew morphism of $$\mathbb {Z}_n$$

Z
n

gives rise to a regular Cayley map. In addition, we classify skew morphisms for all finite cyclic groups of orders $$p^2q$$

p
2

q

and $$p^3q$$

p
3

q

where p and q are primes satisfying $$p<q$$

p
<
q

.
Characteristics of Disclosure of Suicidal and Nonsuicidal Behaviors in a Clinical Sample of Adolescents
Authors: Brausch Amy M. , Kalgren Taylor , Howd Chelsea 
Published: November 2024

AbstractMany adolescents fear disclosing self-injurious thoughts and behaviors (SITBs) due to stigma or concern about responses from others. The current study examined rates of disclosure for nonsuicidal self-injury (NSSI), suicide ideation, and suicide attempts in a clinical sample of adolescents, and identified the individuals to whom they disclosed their SITBs. Differences in reasons for living (parent and peer support, future optimism, self-acceptance, and fear of suicide) were examined across disclosure groups. The sample included 100 adolescent inpatients (mean age = 14.61). Rates of disclosure were relatively high: 77% for NSSI, 75% for suicide ideation, and 83.7% for suicide attempts. Adolescents who disclosed NSSI reported higher scores on subscales of self-esteem and future optimism compared to those who did not disclose. No differences were found for adolescents disclosing to parents vs. others; only the fear of suicide subscale was significantly different, and was lower for adolescents who disclosed NSSI to peers vs. others. Adolescents with suicide ideation disclosure reported more parent support compared to those who had not disclosed, those with peer disclosure reported lower fear of suicide than those disclosing to others, and there were no differences for disclosing to parents vs. others. For suicide attempts, only self-acceptance subscale scores were significantly different, and lower for adolescents who disclosed to peers vs. others. There were no differences for disclosing suicide attempts to parents versus other people. The willingness to disclose self-harm behaviors seems influenced by the perception of safety and anticipated support from parents or others to whom adolescents disclose.
Mathematical Proficiency in Adolescents with ASD
Authors: Cohen O. , Sukenik N. 
Published: November 2024

AbstractThis study aimed to investigate the mathematical abilities of adolescents with Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) compared to typically developing (TD) peers, focusing on procedural thinking, arithmetic comprehension, and algebraic technique. Sixty-seven adolescents (31 with ASD, 36 TD) participated in the study. A comprehensive mathematics skills test, incorporating oral and written components, was individually administered to assess abilities across three main mathematical domains. The study employed a mixed-methods approach, combining quantitative analyses of group differences with qualitative assessments of response patterns. Significant differences were observed between ASD and TD groups across most mathematical measures, with TD adolescents generally outperforming those with ASD. Large effect sizes were noted in procedural thinking and algebraic procedures. However, no significant differences were found in word problem-solving. Within the ASD group, considerable variability was observed, with some individuals demonstrating age-appropriate mathematical abilities while others showed consistently low performance across all domains. The study highlights the complex nature of mathematical abilities in adolescents with ASD, characterized by significant group differences and within-group variability. These findings highlight the importance of individualized approaches in mathematical education for adolescents with ASD and emphasize the need for early identification and targeted interventions to address specific challenges in mathematical learning.
DynaHull: Density-centric Dynamic Point Filtering in Point Clouds
Authors: Habibiroudkenar Pejman , Ojala Risto , Tammi Kari 
Published: November 2024

AbstractIn the field of indoor robotics, accurately localizing and mapping in dynamic environments using point clouds can be a challenging task due to the presence of dynamic points. These dynamic points are often represented by people in indoor environments, but in industrial settings with moving machinery, there can be various types of dynamic points. This study introduces DynaHull, a novel technique designed to enhance indoor mapping accuracy by effectively removing dynamic points from point clouds. DynaHull works by leveraging the observation that, over multiple scans, stationary points have a higher density compared to dynamic ones. Furthermore, DynaHull addresses mapping challenges related to unevenly distributed points by clustering the map into smaller sections. In each section, the density factor of each point is determined by dividing the number of neighbors by the volume these neighboring points occupy using a convex hull method. The algorithm removes the dynamic points using an adaptive threshold based on the point count of each cluster, thus reducing the false positives. The performance of DynaHull was compared to state-of-the-art techniques, such as ERASOR, Removert, OctoMap + SOR , and Dynablox, by comparing each method to the ground truth map created during a low activity period in which only a few dynamic points were present. The results indicated that DynaHull outperformed these techniques in various metrics, noticeably in the Earth Mover’s Distance, false negatives and false positives. The data and code for DynaHull are available at https://github.com/Pejman712/DynaHull.git.
Dynamics of the Infinite Discrete Nonlinear Schrödinger Equation
Authors: Vuoksenmaa Aleksis 
Published: November 2024

AbstractThe discrete nonlinear Schrödinger equation on $${\mathbb Z}^d$$

Z

d

, $$d \ge 1$$

d
≥
1

is an example of a dispersive nonlinear wave system. Being a Hamiltonian system that conserves also the $$\ell ^2({\mathbb Z}^d)$$

ℓ
2

(

Z

d

)

-norm, the well-posedness of the corresponding Cauchy problem follows for square-summable initial data. In this paper, we prove that the well-posedness continues to hold for initial data that can grow towards infinity, namely anything that has at most a certain power law growth far away from the origin. The growth condition is loose enough to guarantee that, at least in dimension $$d=1$$

d
=
1

, initial data sampled from any reasonable equilibrium distribution of the defocusing DNLS satisfies it almost surely.
Polymorphic crystallization and transformation pathways of 1,2-dipalmitoyl-3-oleoyl-rac-glycerol (PPO) during a liquid–solid-liquid journey
Authors: Macridachis Jorge , Bayés-García Laura , Calvet Teresa 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
The polymorphic behavior of triacylglycerol (TAG) crystals formed during the manufacturing process of lipid-based food products relates directly to their textural and melting properties. In this work, we analyzed the polymorphic crystallization and transformation behavior of 1,2-dipalmitoyl-3-oleoyl-rac-glycerol (PPO), a widespread TAG in edible fats and oils, during the application dynamic thermal treatments of cooling and heating. By implementing calorimetric, X-ray diffraction, and microscopy techniques, we mapped the polymorphic occurrence and the polymorphic transformation pathways of PPO as a function of the rate of thermal treatments. The results obtained were later compared to that reported for diverse TAGs in previous studies. Despite the overall crystallization and transformation behavior of PPO following a similar trend to other TAGs close in fatty acid composition, we can highlight the much lower influence of varying cooling and heating conditions on the crystallization properties of this TAG. In more detail, crystalline forms of low stability were generally promoted during crystallization, whereas transformations occurred always through the melt independently of the heating conditions. One may expect this behavior to influence the industrial processing and final properties of food products based on edible fats containing PPO.
Floods and related problems after the 1980s in Khovd, Western Mongolia
Authors: Narangerel Serdyanjiv , Suzuki Yasuhiro , Taniguchi Kenta , Hasegawa Tomonori , Enkhtaivan Dangaa , Narmandakh Byambajav , Batnyam Tseveengerel 
Published: November 2024

AbstractGlobal warming has increased flood hazards, even in semi-arid regions. The extremely low normal surface water flow in these regions complicates hazard assessment and flood risk awareness. In this study, we first investigated recent flood trends since the 1980s in the major city of Khovd using meteorological data and satellite images to clarify climate change and its impacts in western Mongolia, which have not been reported before. The results showed that the frequency of heavy rain has increased gradually, despite a significant decrease in total annual precipitation. 75% of the total precipitation in the city of Khovd occurs in summer. Moreover, the frequency of daily precipitation exceeding 10 mm and the maximum daily precipitation have increased, and the frequency of flooding has increased since 1987. We also found that traces of floods were clearly recorded in Landsat images nine times since 1992 to 2022. The Buyant River, which flows northward along the western edge of Khovd, has not flooded in the past few decades, but flash floods flowing directly down from the southern mountains have struck Khovd. The study also revealed poor flood control structures and a lack of knowledge among residents. As a Mongolian custom, many residents spend the summer in gers (mobile living tent) along the Buyant River, and the increase in the flow rate of the Buyant River over the past few decades further increases the risk of disaster. To reduce the increasing risk, it is necessary to strengthen flood control facilities and raise awareness pertaining to the lifestyles of local residents. This example is likely to be universal for reducing flood risk in semi-arid Asia.
The Liouville Theorem for Discrete Symmetric Averaging Operators
Authors: Adamowicz Tomasz , Llorente José G. 
Published: November 2024

AbstractWe introduce averaging operators on lattices $$\mathbb Z^d$$

Z
d

and study the Liouville property for functions satisfying mean value properties associated to such operators. This framework encloses discrete harmonic, p-harmonic, $$\infty $$
∞
-harmonic and the so-called game p-harmonic functions. Our approach provides an elementary alternative proof of the Liouville Theorem for positive p-harmonic functions on $$\mathbb Z^d$$

Z
d

.
The development of growth hormone-releasing hormone analogs: Therapeutic advances in cancer, regenerative medicine, and metabolic disorders
Authors: Schally Andrew V. , Cai Renzhi , Zhang Xianyang , Sha Wei , Wangpaichitr Medhi 
Published: November 2024

AbstractGrowth Hormone-Releasing Hormone (GHRH) and its analogs have gained significant attention for their therapeutic potential across various domains, including oncology, regenerative medicine, and metabolic disorders. Originally recognized for its role in regulating growth hormone (GH) secretion, GHRH has since been discovered to exert broader physiological effects beyond the pituitary gland, with GHRH receptors identified in multiple extrahypothalamic tissues, including tumor cells. This review explores the development of both GHRH agonists and antagonists, focusing on their mechanisms of action, therapeutic applications, and future potential. GHRH agonists have shown promise in promoting tissue regeneration, improving cardiac function, and enhancing islet survival in diabetes. Meanwhile, GHRH antagonists, particularly those in the MIA and AVR series, demonstrate potent antitumor activity by inhibiting cancer cell proliferation and downregulating growth factor pathways, while also exhibiting anti-inflammatory properties. Preclinical studies in models of lung, prostate, breast, and gastrointestinal cancers indicate that GHRH analogs could offer a novel therapeutic approach with minimal toxicity. Additionally, GHRH antagonists are being investigated for their potential in treating neurodegenerative diseases and inflammatory conditions. This review highlights the versatility of GHRH analogs as a promising class of therapeutic agents, poised to impact multiple fields of medicine.
Alzheimer’s Disease polygenic risk, the plasma proteome, and dementia incidence among UK older adults
Authors: Beydoun May A. , Beydoun Hind A. , Li Zhiguang , Hu Yi-Han , Noren Hooten Nicole , Ding Jun , Hossain Sharmin , Maino Vieytes Christian A. , Launer Lenore J. , Evans Michele K. , Zonderman Alan B. 
Published: November 2024

AbstractAlzheimer’s Disease (AD) is a complex polygenic neurodegenerative disorder. Its genetic risk’s relationship with all-cause dementia may be influenced by the plasma proteome. Up to 40,139 UK Biobank participants aged ≥ 50y at baseline assessment (2006–2010) were followed-up for ≤ 15 y for dementia incidence. Plasma proteomics were performed on a sub-sample of UK Biobank participants (k = 1,463 plasma proteins). AD polygenic risk scores (PRS) were used as the primary exposure and Cox proportional hazards models were conducted to examine the AD PRS-dementia relationship. A four-way decomposition model then partitioned the total effect (TE) of AD PRS on dementia into an effect due to mediation only, an effect due to interaction only, neither or both. The study found that AD PRS tertiles significantly increased the risk for all-cause dementia, particularly among women. The study specifically found that AD PRS was associated with a 79% higher risk for all-cause dementia for each unit increase (HR = 1.79, 95% CI: 1.70–1.87, P < 0.001). Eighty-six plasma proteins were significantly predicted by AD PRS, including a positive association with PLA2G7, BRK1, the glial acidic fibrillary protein (GFAP), neurofilament light chain (NfL), and negative with TREM2. Both GFAP and NfL significantly interacted synergistically with AD PRS to increase all-dementia risk (> 10% of TE is pure interaction), while GFAP was also an important consistent mediator in the AD PRS-dementia relationship. In summary, we detected significant interactions of NfL and GFAP with AD PRS, in relation to dementia incidence, suggesting potential for personalized dementia prevention and management.
Evaluating the reproducibility of a deep learning algorithm for the prediction of retinal age
Authors: Zoellin Jay Rodney Toby , Turgut Ferhat , Chen Ruiye , Saad Amr , Giesser Samuel D. , Sommer Chiara , Guignard Viviane , Ihle Jonas , Mono Marie-Louise , Becker Matthias D. , Zhu Zhuoting , Somfai Gábor Márk 
Published: November 2024

AbstractRecently, a deep learning algorithm (DLA) has been developed to predict the chronological age from retinal images. The Retinal Age Gap (RAG), a deviation between predicted age from retinal images (Retinal Age, RA) and chronological age, correlates with mortality and age-related diseases. This study evaluated the reliability and accuracy of RA predictions and analyzed various factors that may influence them. We analyzed two groups of participants: Intravisit and Intervisit, both imaged by color fundus photography. RA was predicted using an established algorithm. The Intervisit group comprised 26 subjects, imaged in two sessions. The Intravisit group had 41 subjects, of whom each eye was photographed twice in one session. The mean absolute test–retest difference in predicted RA was 2.39 years for Intervisit and 2.13 years for Intravisit, with the latter showing higher prediction variability. The chronological age was predicted accurately from fundus photographs. Subsetting image pairs based on differential image quality reduced test–retest discrepancies by up to 50%, but mean image quality was not correlated with retest outcomes. Marked diurnal oscillations in RA predictions were observed, with a significant overestimation in the afternoon compared to the morning in the Intravisit cohort. The order of image acquisition across imaging sessions did not influence RA prediction and subjective age perception did not predict RAG. Inter-eye consistency exceeded 3 years. Our study is the first to explore the reliability of RA predictions. Consistent image quality enhances retest outcomes. The observed diurnal variations in RA predictions highlight the need for standardized imaging protocols, but RAG could soon be a reliable metric in clinical investigations.
Feeling better when working with creative tools? Exploring the effects of a sketchnote intervention on students’ achievement emotions
Authors: Ohmes Laura , Schlesier Juliane , Moschner Barbara 
Published: November 2024

AbstractSketchnoting is a visual note taking strategy that combines written notations with drawings. The potential is seen, in particular, in providing space for enjoyable learning. Since empirical evidence on how sketchnoting effects emotions is currently limited, the present study examined how students’ achievement emotions change after a sketchnoting intervention and how students visualize text information in sketchnotes. In a mixed methods intervention study with fifth grade students (N = 99 students, Mage = 10.04 years, SD = 0.39, 55.91% female) the sketchnote group used sketchnoting in five German grammar lessons, whereas the control group learned the grammar content through writing. Repeated ANOVA measures revealed that after the intervention, negative emotions significantly decreased within the sketchnote group, but not within the control group. In addition, a qualitative content analysis of the sketchnotes showed that students created visual analogies and examples, that connect abstract terms with daily life experiences. The results support the idea that sketchnoting can decrease students’ negative achievement emotions and provides space for linking new learning content to real-world experiences.