bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Floral Infestation of Tuberose with Aphelenchoides and Its Management
Authors: Kadam Veronica , H. Jeevan , Hrangkhawl Bablu , N. Euphema , Roy Kushal , Mukhopadhyay A.K. , Thangjam Rojeet 
Published: November 2024

In the field experiment conducted on cv. Calcutta Double, the symptoms of floral malady and efficacy of treatment modules on foliar nematode population, percent infestation and resulting yields of the crop has been observed. The symptoms appear on the leaves and progress until flowering. Typical symptoms observed were browning of leaves and flowers. In serious condition, the plant becomes stunted along with prickles on the stalks and flowers. The flowers become brittle. The results of the present study showed that the percent infestation was directly proportional to the nematode population. The percent infestation and the population were higher in untreated plot (M7) as compared to all treated plots. The treatment module (M4) involving overnight drenching of bulb in water followed by dipping in monocrotophos 36SL @750ppm for 4 hrs + Spraying of monocrotophos 36SL @360g a.i./ha alternated with cartap hydrochloride 50SP @375g a.i./ha at 15 days interval after onset of foliar nematode infestation in the 1st year and succeeding year crop was the most economical (ICBR 1: 8) and effective means of managing Aphelenchoides besseyi population. It also yielded higher number of marketable flower stalks viz. 4, 43,908.19 per hectare.
Prevalence of Extended-Spectrum- Beta-Lactamase-Producing Bacterial Species Isolated from Handbags of Women in Abeokuta, Nigeria
Authors: Lawal Olabisi Promise , Ayomide Ilesanmi Taiwo , Kwame Asare Bernard , Christopher Adegbesan Abiodun , Ogochukwu Dike Jennifer , Arinze Okoye, Chrispin , Temitope Adefemi Oluwasegun , Obasi Daniel Ebubechi , Bemigho Adewoyin Peter , Andrew Igunma Aimuanmwosa , Obi Cynthia Ndidiamaka , Zainab Olaide , Eseohe Enaburekhan Gift 
Published: November 2024

Background: Numerous studies have identified the presence of harmful microorganisms on inanimate objects. A woman’s handbag, commonly used as a personal and portable accessory, often harbors various microbes, including bacteria. This study aims to assess the prevalence, antibiogram, and distribution of Extended-Spectrum-Beta-Lactamase-producing isolates found in women’s handbags. Additionally, it will examine the sensitivity and resistance patterns of these isolates to selected common antibiotics in Abeokuta, Nigeria.
Methods: This cross-sectional study analyzed 300 samples collected from various women’s handbags. Antibiotic susceptibility testing was performed on all isolates using the Kirby-Bauer disc diffusion method, while the presence of Extended Spectrum Beta-Lactamase (ESBL) was determined using the double disc synergy test on isolates that showed resistance to standard antibiotics.
Results: Out of the 300 samples collected, 59% showed no bacterial growth, while 41% yielded bacteria growth. Among the ESBL-producing bacteria, Klebsiella pneumoniae demonstrated the highest prevalence (56.3%), followed by Escherichia coli (37.1%) and Acinetobacter spp (30%). In contrast, Pseudomonas aeruginosa had the lowest ESBL production at 16.7%. Ceftazidime was the most effective antimicrobial agent against ESBL-producing bacteria (19%), followed by Cefotaxime (13%) whereas Augmentin was the least effective (6%). Overall, Azithromycin was the most active antibiotic across all isolates (77.8%), while Ceftriaxone was the least effective (33.3%). All Bacillus spp. isolates were found to be sensitive to the first-line antibiotics.
Conclusion: Women’s handbags are potential carriers of various multidrug-resistant bacteria, and can act as vectors for transmitting pathogenic bacteria to their users. It is essential to raise awareness and educate women about this potential route of disease transmission to help curb the spread of multi-drug-resistant organisms.
W. E. B. Du Bois
Authors: Gato Matheus 
Published: November 2024

Introdução da seção Biblioteca de Clássicos composta por 4 traduções de textos de W. E. B. Du Bois:
A Forma do Medo (1926)
Colônias e responsabilidade moral
O Décimo Talentoso: Discurso Memorial
A paz é perigosa
Joining the dots – protein‐RNA interactions mediating local mRNA translation in neurons
Authors: Gallagher Christopher , Ramos Andres 
Published: June 2018

Establishing and maintaining the complex network of connections required for neuronal communication requires the transport and in situ translation of large groups of mRNAs to create local proteomes. In this Review, we discuss the regulation of local mRNA translation in neurons and the RNA‐binding proteins that recognise RNA zipcode elements and connect the mRNAs to the cellular transport networks, as well as regulate their translation control. However, mRNA recognition by the regulatory proteins is mediated by the combinatorial action of multiple RNA‐binding domains. This increases the specificity and affinity of the interaction, while allowing the protein to recognise a diverse set of targets and mediate a range of mechanisms for translational regulation. The structural and molecular understanding of the interactions can be used together with novel microscopy and transcriptome‐wide data to build a mechanistic framework for the regulation of local mRNA translation.
Incidence and Risk of Glucocorticoid‐Associated Adverse Effects in Patients With Rheumatoid Arthritis
Authors: Wilson Jessica C. , Sarsour Khaled , Gale Sara , Pethö‐Schramm Attila , Jick Susan S. , Meier Christoph R. 
Published: June 2018

ObjectiveUsing the UK Clinical Practice Research Datalink, we examined the incidence of glucocorticoid (GC)‐related serious adverse events (SAEs) in rheumatoid arthritis (RA) and non‐RA patients and quantified the risk of SAEs in patients with RA.MethodsWe matched incident patients with RA to an age‐ and sex‐matched, non‐RA comparison group of equal size. In a cohort analysis, we estimated incidence rates (IRs) and IR ratios (IRRs) for GC‐related AEs (i.e., diabetes mellitus [DM], osteoporosis, fractures, glaucoma, hypertension, gastrointestinal [GI] perforation or bleeding, thrombotic stroke or myocardial infarction [MI], or death), stratified by GC use. We conducted a series of nested case–control analyses among patients with RA, evaluating the effects of increasing cumulative and average daily GC dose. Cases of each outcome were matched to controls for age, sex, and general practice. We calculated adjusted odds ratios (ORs) with 95% confidence intervals (95% CIs) for each outcome.ResultsPatients with RA had a higher incidence for all investigated SAEs except glaucoma, compared to non‐RA patients. IRRs were greater in those patients prescribed a GC than in those without. In patients with RA, GCs were associated with an elevated risk of DM (adjusted OR 1.33 [95% CI 1.14–1.56]), osteoporosis (adjusted OR 1.41 [95% CI 1.25–1.59]), thrombotic stroke or MI (adjusted OR 1.28 [95% CI 1.07–1.52]), serious infection (adjusted OR 1.28 [95% CI 1.11–1.48]), and death (adjusted OR 1.33 [95% CI 1.19–1.48]). There was a trend of increasing risk with increasing cumulative and average daily GC dose for all outcomes other than glaucoma, hypertension, and GI perforations or bleeding (P < 0.05).ConclusionPatients with RA had an increased incidence of GC‐related AEs. Increasing cumulative and average daily GC doses were found to be associated with an increasing risk of developing an AE.
Dendrite‐Free Sodium‐Metal Anodes for High‐Energy Sodium‐Metal Batteries
Authors: Sun Bing , Li Peng , Zhang Jinqiang , Wang Dan , Munroe Paul , Wang Chengyin , Notten Peter H. L. , Wang Guoxiu 
Published: June 2018

AbstractSodium (Na) metal is one of the most promising electrode materials for next‐generation low‐cost rechargeable batteries. However, the challenges caused by dendrite growth on Na metal anodes restrict practical applications of rechargeable Na metal batteries. Herein, a nitrogen and sulfur co‐doped carbon nanotube (NSCNT) paper is used as the interlayer to control Na nucleation behavior and suppress the Na dendrite growth. The N‐ and S‐containing functional groups on the carbon nanotubes induce the NSCNTs to be highly “sodiophilic,” which can guide the initial Na nucleation and direct Na to distribute uniformly on the NSCNT paper. As a result, the Na‐metal‐based anode (Na/NSCNT anode) exhibits a dendrite‐free morphology during repeated Na plating and striping and excellent cycling stability. As a proof of concept, it is also demonstrated that the electrochemical performance of sodium–oxygen (Na–O2) batteries using the Na/NSCNT anodes show significantly improved cycling performances compared with Na–O2 batteries with bare Na metal anodes. This work opens a new avenue for the development of next‐generation high‐energy‐density sodium‐metal batteries.
Color‐Sensitive Ultrafast Optical Modulation and Switching of Terahertz Plasmonic Devices
Authors: Kumar Abhishek , Srivastava Yogesh Kumar , Manjappa Manukumara , Singh Ranjan 
Published: June 2018

Abstract2D micro‐nanostructured metal films with hole arrays show promising features such as the extraordinary transmission of light. Such systems are interesting in the field of subwavelength photonics and nonlinear optics due to their high field confinement in addition to their inherent spectral scalability and frequency selective response. Several active schemes to control the extraordinary transmission are recently demonstrated. However, these dynamic devices do not reveal any obvious color‐dependent modulation of the resonant transmission behavior. Here, color‐sensitive ultrafast modulation of extraordinary resonant transmission of terahertz (THz) waves through 2D metallic hole arrays is demonstrated. Pumping the silicon beneath the metallic array with light of different colors and identical fluences exhibit significantly different ultrafast switching dynamics and modulation. The color‐dependent sensitivity and control of THz waves at an ultrafast timescale provide an extra degree of freedom that opens up new opportunities for future applications in active subwavelength optics, optoelectronics, and all‐optical switching of THz photonic devices.
High Efficiency Fluorescent Electroluminescence with Extremely Low Efficiency Roll‐Off Generated by a Donor–Bianthracene–Acceptor Structure: Utilizing Perpendicular Twisted Intramolecular Charge Transfer Excited State
Authors: Yu Yue , Ma Lin , Yang Xiaolong , Zhou Huixin , Qin Hanlin , Song Jiangluqi , Zhou Guijiang , Wang Dongdong , Wu Zhaoxin 
Published: June 2018

AbstractAlthough phosphorescent and thermally activated delayed fluorescence (TADF) emitters can break through the spin statistics rules and achieve nearly 100% radiative exciton production (ηr), the swift efficiency roll‐off as luminance increases due to the accumulation of lowest triplet excited states with relatively long lifetime is the fatal bottleneck for their lighting application. How to achieve high ηr and low efficiency roll‐off simultaneously is still a challenge. To address this issue, two metal‐free organic molecules are reported with a highly twisted donor–bianthracene–acceptor structure involving high‐lying twisted intramolecular charge transfer (TICT) intermediate excited states, by which electroluminescent (EL) devices with both high ηr and extremely low efficiency roll‐off could be realized. Significant low efficiency roll‐off is achieved with about 99.1% of the maximum external quantum efficiency (EQE) maintained even at a high current density of 100 mA cm−2, corresponding to luminance of 23615 cd m−2, along with maximum EQE of 7.13% (ηr of 64.82%) in a doped green EL device with 9‐(4‐{10′‐[4‐(4,6‐diphenyl‐[1,3,5]triazin‐2‐yl)‐phenyl]‐[9,9′]bianthracenyl‐10‐yl}‐phenyl)‐9H‐carbazole as a host. The state‐of‐the‐art low efficiency roll‐off and enhanced ηr would be attributed to spin mixing of high‐lying TICT singlet and triplet intermediate excited states, proving the great potential of such a host design strategy for their practical lighting application.
Perovskite Quantum Dots Embedded Composite Films Enhancing UV Response of Silicon Photodetectors for Broadband and Solar‐Blind Light Detection
Authors: Zhang Mengjiao , Wang Lingxue , Meng Linghai , Wu Xian‐Gang , Tan Qinwen , Chen Yuanjin , Liang Wanyu , Jiang Feng , Cai Yi , Zhong Haizheng 
Published: June 2018

AbstractIn this work, the integration of in situ fabricated perovskite quantum dots embedded composite films (PQDCFs) as downshifting materials is first reported for enhancing the ultraviolet (UV) response of silicon (Si) photodetectors toward broadband and solar‐blind light detection. External quantum efficiency measurements show that the UV response of PQDCF coated Si photodiodes greatly improves from near 0% to at most of 50.6% ± 0.5% @ 290 nm. As compared to the calculated maximum value of 87%, the light coupling efficiency of the integrated device is determined to be 80%@395 nm, suggesting an efficient downshifting process. Furthermore, PQDCF is also successfully adapted for electron multiplying charge coupled device (EMCCD) based image sensor. The PQDCF coated EMCCD shows linear response with high‐resolution imaging under illumination at 360, 620, and 960 nm, implying the ability of broadband light detection in the UV, visible (VIS), and near infrared (NIR) region. Furthermore, a solar‐blind UV detection is demonstrated by integrating a solar‐blind UV filter with PQDCF coated EMCCD. In all, the use of PQDCF as luminescent downshifting materials provides an effective and low‐cost way to improve the UV response of Si photodetectors.
Efficient Optical Gain from Near‐Infrared Polymer Lasers Based on Poly[N‐9′‐heptadecanyl‐2,7‐carbazole‐alt‐5,5‐(4′,7′‐di‐2‐thienyl‐2′,1′,3′‐benzothiadiazole)]
Authors: Xu Yan , Hai Gang , Xu Haowen , Zhang Haoran , Zuo Zongyan , Zhang Qi , Xia Ruidong , Sun Chen , Castro‐Smirnov Jose , Sousaraei Ahmad , Casado Santiago , Osorio Manuel R. , Granados Daniel , Rodriguez Isabel , Cabanillas‐Gonzalez Juan 
Published: June 2018

AbstractState‐of‐the‐art near‐infrared lasers based on poly[N‐9′‐heptadecanyl‐2,7‐carbazole‐alt‐5,5‐(4′,7′‐di‐2‐thienyl‐2′,1′,3′‐benzothiadiazole)] (PCDTBT) and poly(9,9‐dioctylfluorene‐alt‐benzothiadiazole) (F8BT) blends are reported. Polymer light‐emitting diodes (PLEDs) based on PCDTBT/F8BT blends with 30 wt% PCDTBT content exhibit a maximum radiance of 64.3 W sr−1 m−2 and external quantum efficiency of 2.11% with Commission Internationale de L'Eclairage (CIE) coordinates (x = 0.69, y = 0.30). Using an optimal blend ratio of 15 wt% PCDTBT in F8BT, a maximum gain value of 28.2 cm−1 at 710 nm is achieved, a remarkable value given that PCDTBT is a low emissive polymer extensively employed as donor polymer in organic photovoltaics. The lowest amplified spontaneous emission (ASE) and laser thresholds exhibited by the blends are 590 nJ pulse−1 (21 µJ cm−2) and 63.1 nJ pulse−1 (201 µJ cm−2). Transient absorption spectroscopy confirms efficient Förster resonant energy transfer from F8BT to PCDTBT which, together with the large miscibility of PCDTBT in F8BT, enables PCDTBT emission enhancement and optical gain. Furthermore, a ternary blend system composed of F8BT, PCDTBT, and poly(3‐hexylthiophene) is demonstrated, in which the ASE wavelength can be tuned in a 60 nm range from 650 to 710 nm at a very low threshold level via control of the blend content ratio.
Multicolor Ultralow‐Threshold Random Laser Assisted by Vertical‐Graphene Network
Authors: Roy Pradip Kumar , Haider Golam , Lin Hung‐I , Liao Yu‐Ming , Lu Cheng‐Hsin , Chen Kuei‐Hsien , Chen Li‐Chyong , Shih Wei‐Heng , Liang Chi‐Te , Chen Yang‐Fang 
Published: June 2018

AbstractApplication of lasers is omnipresent in modern‐day technology. However, preparation of a lasing device usually requires sophisticated design of the materials and is costly, which may limit the suitable choice of materials and the lasing wavelengths. Random lasers, on the other hand, can circumvent the aforementioned shortcomings with simpler fabrication process, lower processing cost, material flexibility for any lasing wavelengths with lower lasing threshold, providing a roadmap for the design of super‐bright lighting, displays, Li‐Fi, etc. In this work, ultralow‐threshold random laser action from semiconductor nanoparticles assisted by a highly porous vertical‐graphene‐nanowalls (GNWs) network is demonstrated. The GNWs embedded by the nanomaterials produce a suitable cavity for trapping the optical photons with semiconductor nanomaterials acting as the gain medium. The observed laser action shows ultralow values of threshold energy density ≈10 nJ cm−2 due to the strong photon trapping within the GNWs. The threshold pump fluence can be further lowered to ≈1 nJ cm−2 by coating Ag/SiO2 upon the GNWs due to the combined effect of photon trapping and strong plasmonic enhancement. In view of the growing demand of functional materials and novel technologies, this work provides an important step toward realization of high‐performance optoelectronic devices.
Thermodynamic calculations of biochemical reaction systems at specified pH, pMg, and change in binding of hydrogen and magnesium ions
Authors: Rajendran Tamil Elakkiya , Muthukumarasamy Thenmozhi 
Published: June 2018

AbstractEach metabolite in biochemical reaction may be available as an equilibrated mixture of different charged ions, and it is termed as “metabolite species.” At equilibrium, each metabolite is represented as pseudoisomer group of metabolite species. At constant pH condition, the number of hydrogen and magnesium ions in a particular biochemical reactant is constant. The conventional thermodynamic property does not signify the biochemical systems precisely. Therefore, transformed thermodynamic Gibbs free energy change of reactions must be used for biochemical systems. Gibbs free energy of formation (
) of pseudoisomers of different biochemical reactants in glycolysis is calculated based on pKa. Transformed Gibbs energy change of all biochemical reactions involved in glycolysis is calculated by incorporating pH, pMg, ionic strength, and change in binding of H+ and Mg2+ ions. The transformed Gibbs free energy change of all biochemical reactions in glycolysis (ΔrG′0) is calculated and compared with standard Gibbs free energy change of reaction (ΔrG0). The results indicated that there is difference in values of (ΔrG′0) and (ΔrG0). Hence, it is shown that the thermodynamic property G is not sufficient to provide a criterion for the spontaneity of biochemical reaction. At equilibrium, G′ must be minimized rather than G at constant pH and pMg.
Dunkelfärbung der Betonfahrbahndecke im AKR‐Kontext
Authors: Weise Frank , Kind Thomas , Stelzner Ludwig , Wieland Marko 
Published: June 2018

AbstractDie AKR‐Schadensevolution von Betonfahrbahndecken ist in der Anfangsphase durch eine Dunkelfärbung der Oberfläche im Fugenbereich gekennzeichnet. Es wird vermutet, dass eine erhöhte Durchfeuchtung der Betonrandzone ursächlich für diese Erscheinung ist. Vor diesem Hintergrund wurde exemplarisch eine Fahrbahnplatte eines repräsentativen Bundesautobahnabschnitts systematisch mit verschiedenartiger zerstörungsfreier Prüftechnik vor Ort untersucht. Die Ergebnisse der zunächst erfolgten großflächigen Durchmusterung mit Radar zeigen, dass in den Bereichen mit einer Dunkelfärbung der Betonfahrbahndecke erhöhte Laufzeiten der Radarimpulse zwischen der Oberfläche und der Rückseite der Betonfahrbahndecke auftreten, was auf eine erhöhte integrale Durchfeuchtung der Betonfahrbahndecke schließen lässt. Vertiefend durchgeführte NMR‐Feuchtemessungen in der Betonrandzone zeigen eine gute Korrelation zwischen erhöhtem Feuchtegehalt und der dunkel gefärbten Fahrbahnoberfläche. Die Ergebnisse beider zerstörungsfreien Prüfmethoden lassen den Schluss zu, dass die Betonfahrbahndecke in der Nähe des Fugenkreuzes eine höhere Durchfeuchtung als im Bereich der Querscheinfuge aufweist. Die geringste Durchfeuchtung besitzt die Betonfahrbahndecke in der Plattenmitte. Die mit den zerstörungsfreien Prüfverfahren ermittelten Befunde stimmen prinzipiell gut mit den punktuell mittels Darr‐Wäge‐Verfahren an Bohrmehlproben gewonnenen Ergebnissen überein.
Prodromal headache in anti‐NMDAR encephalitis: An epiphenomenon of NMDAR autoimmunity
Authors: Tominaga Naomi , Kanazawa Naomi , Kaneko Atsushi , Kaneko Juntaro , Kitamura Eiji , Nakagawa Hiroto , Nishiyama Kazutoshi , Iizuka Takahiro 
Published: June 2018

AbstractObjectiveTo investigate the nature of prodromal headache in anti‐NMDA receptor (NMDAR) encephalitis.MethodsRetrospective review of the clinical information of 39 patients with anti‐NMDAR encephalitis admitted between January 1999 and September 2017. Five patients with an atypical presentation were excluded. Thus, in 34 patients (median 27 years [range, 12–47 years]; 28 [82%] female), the clinical features were compared between patients who initially reported headache and those who did not report.ResultsTwenty‐two patients (65%) reported headache either transiently (n = 5) or continuously (n = 17). Encephalitic symptoms (psychobehavioral memory alterations, seizure, dyskinesias, or altered level of consciousness) developed in 20 patients with median 5.5 days (range, 1‐29 days) after headache onset. In one patient, NMDAR antibodies were detected in CSF 3 days after headache onset. Patients with headache had more frequently fever (14/22 [64%] vs. 2/12 [17%] p = 0.013) and higher CSF pleocytosis (median white blood cells 79/μl [range, 6‐311/μl] vs. 30/μl [range, 2‐69/μl], p = 0.035) than those without headache, but there was no difference in gender, age at onset, seizure, migraine, CSF oligoclonal band detection, elevated IgG index, tumor association, or brain MRI abnormalities between them.ConclusionsHeadache often developed with fever and pleocytosis, but it was rapidly replaced by psychiatric symptoms. Based on current knowledge on the antibody‐mediated mechanisms that cause a decrease of synaptic NMDAR through crosslinking and internalization leading to a state mimicking “dissociative anesthesia,” we speculated that prodromal headache is not likely caused by direct effect of the autoantibodies but rather meningeal inflammation (noninfectious aseptic meningitis) that occurs in parallel to intrathecal antibody synthesis as an epiphenomenon of NMDAR autoimmunity. Psychobehavioral alterations following headache is an important clue to the diagnosis.