bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Anemia e índices de atividade de doença em mulheres com artrite reumatoide
Authors: Scheffel Thamiris Becker , Prado Aline Defaveri do , Staub Henrique Luiz , Silveira Inês Guimarães da , Bender Ana Lígia 
Published: February 2018

AIMS: To evaluate disease activity indexes in female patients with rheumatoid arthritis, Anemic and Non-anemic, correlating with hemoglobin levels.METHODS: A cross-sectional study involved women with rheumatoid arthritis classified into two groups: 1) Anemic (hemoglobin <12 g/dL) and 2) Non-anemic. Disease activity was measured by Disease Activity Index (DAS28), using different inflammatory markers: Erythrocyte Sedimentation Rate (ESR) and C-reative Protein (CRP). This score also uses the number of swollen and painful joints and an overall assessment of the disease on Visual Analogue Scale (VAS). An assessment of functional capacity by the Health Assessment Questionnaire (HAQ) was also performed. The statistic used Student’s t-Test, Mann-Whitney, Wilcoxon, Fisher, likelihood ratio and Spearman correlation tests. It was considered significant p <0,05.RESULTS: Twenty-four patients were included, eight of Anemic group and 16 of Non-anemic. The groups were similar in terms of clinical, demographic and treatment characteristics, differing only in relation to rheumatoid factor, positive in all anemic participants and in 56,2% of non anemic participants. DAS28 ESR (median 6,05; interquartile range [IQR] 5,21-7,76), DAS28 CRP (median 4,32; IQR 3,98-5,92) and VAS (median 66,50 mm; IQR 54,75-80,50) were significantly higher in Anemic group. DAS28 ESR (-0,418) and VAS (-0,426) showed a significant negative correlation with hemoglobin level. DAS28 ESR and DAS28 CRP values were different in the same group, showing a discrepancy in the categorization of disease activity. In Anemic group, DAS28 ESR value (median 6,05; IQR 5,21-7,76) was higher in relation to DAS28 CRP (median 4,32; IQR 3,98-5,92). A less discrepant increase of DAS28 ESR (median 4,01; IQR 3,05-5,68) compared to DAS28 CRP (median 3,06; IQR 2,18-4,66) was observed in Non-anemic group.CONCLUSIONS: Anemia was associated with worse disease activity indexes in women with rheumatoid arthritis, correlated with greater pain intensity and increase of DAS28 ESR score.
A Randomized Phase II Study of Metformin plus Paclitaxel/Carboplatin/Bevacizumab in Patients with Chemotherapy-Naïve Advanced or Metastatic Nonsquamous Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer
Authors: Marrone Kristen A. , Zhou Xian , Forde Patrick M. , Purtell Michael , Brahmer Julie R. , Hann Christine L. , Kelly Ronan J. , Coleman Barbara , Gabrielson Edward , Rosner Gary L. , Ettinger David S. 
Published: February 2018

Abstract

Background
In the absence of a targeted oncogenic driver mutation or high programmed death-ligand 1 expression, systemic therapy with platinum-based doublet chemotherapy with or without bevacizumab has been the standard treatment in advanced or metastatic non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). Metformin has been shown to have antitumor effects via a variety of insulin-dependent and insulin-independent mechanisms and to be potentially synergistic with chemotherapy.

Materials and Methods
This open-label single-center phase II study (NCT01578551) enrolled patients with chemotherapy-naïve advanced or metastatic nonsquamous NSCLC and randomized them (3:1) to receive carboplatin, paclitaxel, and bevacizumab with (Arm A) or without (Arm B) concurrent metformin for four to six cycles followed by maintenance therapy with bevacizumab ± metformin continued until disease progression, intolerable toxicity, or study withdrawal. The primary outcome was 1-year progression free survival (PFS). Secondary outcomes included overall survival, response to therapy, and toxicity.

Results
A total of 25 patients were enrolled from August 2012 to April 2015, of whom 24 received at least one cycle of therapy administration. The study was stopped early due to slow accrual and changes in standard first-line therapy of advanced NSCLC. The 1-year PFS on Arm A (n = 18) was 47% (95% confidence interval [CI]: 25%–88%), which exceeded the historical control 1-year PFS of 15%. Median overall survival of patients treated on Arm A was 15.9 months (95% CI: 8.4–not available [NA]) and 13.9 months (95% CI: 12.7–NA) on Arm B. There were no significant differences in toxicity between the study arms.

Conclusion
To the authors' knowledge, this is the first study to show a significant benefit in PFS with the use of metformin in this patient population and is a signal of efficacy for metformin in advanced NSCLC.

Implications for Practice
The anticancer effects of metformin continue to be elucidated. To the authors' knowledge, this is the first trial in nondiabetic advanced non-small cell lung cancer patients to show a significant change in outcome with the addition of metformin to standard first-line chemotherapy. Well tolerated and widely available, metformin is a drug that should be considered for further study in the lung cancer treatment landscape.
Conference Session II: Creation or Evolution: Can Copyright Bring the Peace? Presented by Kenneth D. Crews, attorney, Gipson Hoffman & Pancione
Authors: Nelson Marley C. 
Published: February 2018

Dr. Kenneth Crews gives an overview of the history of copyright law, using creation and evolution as touchstones for the quick leaps and long crawls made in this discipline. Using multiple examples, the often-contentious history of copyright law is presented in an approachable and understandable manner. Tensions between many of the forces that have shaped, and still are shaping, copyright law are discussed, including the tension between creators and consumers of copyrightable materials. In the end, both forces are shown to be not only important to, but necessary for, the development of U.S. copyright law. The program closed with a call to action for attendees to speak out on copyright law and to become part of the forces that continue to create change in this discipline.
Side‐effects related to adjuvant CAPOX treatment for colorectal cancer are associated with intermuscular fat area, not with total skeletal muscle or fat, a retrospective observational study
Authors: Plas Rogier L. C. , van Norren Klaske , van Baar Harm , van Aller Carla , de Bakker Maarten , Botros Nadia , Witkamp Renger F. , Haringhuizen Annebeth , Kampman Ellen , Winkels Renate 
Published: February 2018

AbstractAimsChemotherapeutic treatment is regularly accompanied by side‐effects. Hydrophilic chemotherapeutics such as capecitabine and oxaliplatin (CAPOX), often used in colorectal cancer treatment, predominantly accumulate in non‐adipose tissues. Therefore the aim of this paper was to investigate whether body composition and fat infiltration in the muscle (muscle attenuation and intermuscular‐adipose‐tissue [IMAT] content) are associated with chemotherapy‐induced toxicities.MethodsIn this retrospective observational study, we collected data from 115 colorectal cancer patients receiving adjuvant CAPOX chemotherapy between 2006 and 2015. Information on cancer characteristics were obtained from the Netherlands Cancer Registry. Diagnostic CT scans were retrieved to assess cross‐sectional areas of skeletal muscle and adipose tissue at the third lumbar vertebrae. Information on dose‐limiting toxicity [DLT] and relative administered dose (as % of BSA‐based‐planned‐dose) were retrieved from medical charts. Associations between body composition, muscle quality and chemotherapy‐induced toxicities were determined using Cox‐regression and linear‐regression analyses.ResultsWe found that DLT incidence was 90% in our cohort: 50% had their dose reduced, 30% their next cycle postponed, 4% a full treatment stop and 6% was hospitalized at their first DLT. Most common were reductions in oxaliplatin dose whilst keeping the capecitabine dose constant. Cox regression analysis indicated no association between body composition or muscle quality and DLT during the first treatment cycle or time to the first DLT. Multiple linear regression showed that higher IMAT‐index and IMAT muscle percentage were associated with a lower relative administered dose of oxaliplatin.ConclusionsIn conclusion; only IMAT, not skeletal or fat area was associated with dose‐limiting toxicities among these CRC patients who received CAPOX treatment.
Plan de desarrollo del posconflicto en las zonas desocupadas por las farc en relación a la planificación y administración integral turística y hotelera en Colombia. Primera parte 2015-2016
Authors: Segura Mateus Jairo Alonso 
Published: February 2018

La Planificación y la Administración Turística y Hotelera como un efecto multiplicador para la transformación de los espacios en conflicto armado en territorios de paz, pueden ser hoy una realidad como emporio turístico y hotelero del siglo XXI gracias a las iniciativas que evocan la consolidación de una “paz recreativa, turística y hotelera”, está en el país. Pensar en impactos beneficiosos que se pueden sembrar en zonas de gran valor turístico, natural y de recuperación del medio ambiente, de culturas y específicamente en los destinos que han sido víctimas del conflicto armado como lo han sido una mayoría de zonas de Colombia, son oportunidades para el desarrollo y practica del turismo, ecoturismo, producción artesanal, etnoturismo, de la recuperación de atractivos turísticos naturales y artificiales de alto valor nacional e internacional como ejes fundamentales para promover la innovación, la competitividad y potencializar este mercado. Con esta premisa, además, se hace necesario diseñar El Diagnóstico de las percepciones en estas áreas sobre los temas planteados como la Primera encuesta nacional de percepción pública-2016.Segunda parte.2016-2017.
Hibridisms and Dialogy in the Folia dos Santos Reis: an Introdution
Authors: Ecco Clóvis , Martins Filho José Reinaldo 
Published: February 2018

In this work we chose to approach the concept of dialogism developed by Bakhtin and his circle in treating discourse as a dynamic and responsive construction, and the notion of hybridization, also present in Bakhtin, but, in our view, best presented by Canclini in his analysis of contemporary culture. Starting from these two theoretical approaches, we will try to establish a dialogue between the concepts of dialogism and hybridization, elucidating them through examples extracted from the specific context of Folia de Reis. Among other contributions, this will help us to understand the creative reciprocity existing between the dictates of the sacred and the profane, without one necessarily having to cancel out for the other to take effect.

Hibridismos e Dialogia na Folia dos Santos Reis:
uma Introdução

Neste trabalho optamos por abordar o conceito de dialogismo desenvolvido por Bakhtin e seu círculo ao tratarem o discurso como uma construção dinâmica e responsiva, e a noção de hibridação, também presente em Bakhtin, mas, a nosso ver, melhor apresentada por Canclini em suas análises sobre a cultura contemporânea. Partindo destas duas abordagens teóricas, tentaremos estabelecer diálogo entre os conceitos de dialogismo e hibridação, elucidando-os por meio de exemplos extraídos do contexto específico da Folia de Reis. Entre outras contribuições, isso nos ajudará a entender a reciprocidade criativa existente entre os ditames do sagrado e do profano, sem que um tenha que, necessariamente, se anular para que o outro se efetive.
Neurotoxicidad alcohólica
Authors: Schlesinger Piedrahita Antonio , Pescador Vargas Beatriz , Roa Culma Laura Alejandra 
Published: February 2018

El alcohol es un tóxico que, actúa como depresor del sistema nervioso central (SNC). Sus efectos son consecuencia directa de su acción sobre las membranas celulares y sobre los neurotransmisores. Las neuronas son particularmente sensibles al efecto neurotóxico del Etanol (EtOH) y su exposición afecta la morfología neuronal, ya que en estudios recientes se ha observado una disminución en la longitud del árbol dendrítico. El EtOH también produce cambios en la expresión de las proteínas sinápticas, aumento del lumen del retículo endoplasmático, así como también, desorganización del aparato de Golgi y de las mitocondrias. Objetivos: Describir los efectos del Etanol a nivel celular y molecular en el Sistema Nervioso Central y su repercusión en la salud humana. Métodos: Se realizó una búsqueda de literatura en las siguientes bases de datos disponibles en web: PubMed, ScienceDirect, Jama Journal, Scielo y portales de salud, utilizando las palabras claves: “etanol y farmacología”, “alcohol y toxicología”, “neurotoxicidad y etanol”. Resultados: De las bases consultadas se obtuvo un total de 120 referencias de las cuales se aceptaron solo 55 que resaltan los aspectos más relevantes de la fisiopatología de la intoxicación con etanol y ciertos aspectos a nivel molecular relacionados con los efectos sobre el SNC. Conclusiones: Los efectos del EtOH sobre el sistema nervioso pueden ser consecuencia de un consumo agudo y excesivo o secundario a un consumo crónico, en relación a un estado de adicción y dependencia al mismo. La toxicidad sobre el sistema nervioso es consecuencia directa de la agresión del etanol o por diferentes trastornos metabólicos ligados a la toxicidad del mismo sobre otros órganos. La neurotoxicidad del alcohol se debe a la activación del sistema inmunitario innato en el cerebro, que promueve compuestos inflamatorios que serían los responsables del daño de la morfología neuronal, además de la alteración neuroanatómica de la corteza.
Knowledge and Awareness of root canal therapy for population in Saudi Arabia: A questionnaire-based study
Authors: Ahamed Zeeshan H , Alwakeel Abdulaziz , Alrshedan Abdulelah , Altimsah Fahad 
Published: February 2018

Objective: The present study was planned with an aim to evaluate the knowledge and awareness regarding root canal treatment in a sample of Saudi population.
Material and methods: A cross-sectional questionnaire-based survey was conducted among a sample of participants in the Saudi population. Participants were asked questions to assess their knowledge about endodontic treatment.
Results: A total of 568 patients (343 males and 225 females) participated in the study. When the patient’s responses were analyzed regarding endodontic treatment, it was found that 68.55 % of participants had a good experience of root canal treatment in the past. 27.9% of the respondents describe their knowledge of root canal treatment as average. Spontaneous toothache was considered the most important factor to seek endodontic treatment in majority (40.1%) of the participants and 86.6% of the participants preferred a specialist to undergo a root canal treatment.
Conclusion: Pain associated with root canal treatment was the most important factor that dithered the surveyed participants from root canal treatment. The results of the survey reveal an improvement of knowledge and awareness of patients about root canal treatment
Acordo de Pesca Como Gestão dos Recursos: O Caso da Ilha de São Miguel, Santarém, Pará
Authors: Ferreira Roberth Rodrigues , Silva Rubens Elias Da 
Published: February 2018

Este artigo tem como objetivo compreender a construção e consolidação do acordo de pesca de base comunitária como uma alternativa viável de gestão dos recursos pesqueiros na comunidade Ilha de São Miguel localizada na região de várzea do rio Amazonas no município de Santarém, Estado do Pará. A atividade pesqueira nesta localidade transformou socialmente de modo que produção econômica da pesca passou do status de subsistência à pesca comercial de caráter exploratório levando ao exaurimento de algumas espécies de pescado nos lagos locais. Como consequências disto, os comunitários da Ilha se engajaram ações que visam a preservação e manutenção dos recursos pesqueiros, bem como seus territórios extrativos. Essas ações foram elaboradas em um acordo para preservação dos recursos do lago através da suspensão do uso de malhadeiras na comunidade. Contudo, esta decisão criou conflitos entre os membros da comunidade e pescadores das comunidades circunvizinhas levando o grupo local a criar um acordo de pesca no ano de 1985 o qual restringiu a pesca na Ilha apenas aos seus moradores, bem como a proibição definitiva do uso de malhadeiras. Este acordo é mantido até os dias atuais, que juntamente com outras estratégias consolidadas pelos moradores, tais como o manejo e controle da comercialização do pirarucu (Arapaima gigas) e fiscalização dos lagos pelos pescadores, evidenciando uma alternativa promissora para uma gestão da pesca por meio do uso racional dos recursos pesqueiros na comunidade.
Representações Sociais Acerca das Tartarugas Marinhas de Pescadores Artesanais de Ajuruteua, Amazônia Costeira, Bragança-Pará, Brasil
Authors: Barboza Roberta Sá Leitão , Santos Claudia Nunes , Paolo Darcy Flexa Di , Saraiva Luis Junior Costa 
Published: February 2018

Estudar a relação entre seres humanos e não-humanos, sobretudo, junto às chamadas populações tradicionais requer a devida identificação do contexto sócio ambiental e cultural em que tais relações se desenvolvem. As inter-relações entre pescadores e tartarugas marinhas nas Comunidades Bonifácio e vila dos Pescadores (praia Ajuruteua, Bragança-Pará) foram descritas com base em metodologias participativas. A pesca é a principal atividade desenvolvida e as atividades destes atores nas áreas marinha e praianas proporcionam o acúmulo de conhecimentos sobre os demais elementos ambientais. A maioria dos entrevistados relatou suas percepções sobre tartarugas marinhas na praia de Ajuruteua. Os encontros entre pescadores e tartarugas foram relacionados com três práticas pesqueiras (curral, espinhel e rede). O conhecimento ecológico local sobre as tartarugas marinhas inclui uma etnotaxonomia com 26 denominações e descrições de diversos aspectos ecobiológicos destes animais (desova, distribuição espacial, adaptações morfológicas e comportamento). As ocorrências dos quelônios fazem parte, tanto da memória remota, quanto recente dos pescadores, sendo apontada uma redução gradativa nos anos atuais. As tartarugas marinhas representam coletivamente para os pescadores fonte de proteínas (comem a carne e os ovos), recursos medicinais (usam gordura e casco para cura de diversas enfermidades, em diferentes preparos), e ainda como elemento estético (confecção de zooartezanato). Estas representações verificadas na memória destas comunidades constituem um importante registro da ocorrência de tartarugas marinhas na Amazônia costeira.
Using Information Communication Technologies to Foster the Communicative Competence in Undergraduate Students at the UPTC
Authors: Camargo Pongutá David 
Published: February 2018

This research article describes the results of implementing activities through Information Communication Technologies (ICTs) in order to foster the communicative competence in a group of students at Universidad Pedagógica y Tecnológica de Colombia, a public University in Sogamoso, Boyacá. After an exploration in which it was determined that students prefer activities with ICTs to learn English, contents and activities were adapted so they could fit students’ interests. The results are shown in three categories: ICTs as a tool to foster oral production, ICTs to build vocabulary, and ICTs as a motivator to learn and interact in the target language.
Pemurnian Minyak Kelapa Berbahan Baku Kopra / Refining of Coconut Oil Made of Copra
Authors: Polii Fahri Ferdinan 
Published: February 2018

<p>Processing of copra is generally done by drying through direct or fogging with warming temperatures. This way produces coconut oil with low quality rough, because the content of water and free fatty acids high, so quickly turn rancid, brownish and unfit in the consumption. The purpose of this research process of purification yaitumelakukan coconut oil made of copra smog became a good-quality cooking oil. Research use descriptive method. Research carried out the month on June 2015 until January 2015 in Research and Standardization of Industrial Institute in Manado, North Sulawesi. The raw materials used in the study of copra comes from Bengkol Village in Manado. Processed into copra oil and refined oil. The results of the analysis of the quality of coconut oil before refining the parameters color, odor, moisture content, free fatty acids and acid number does not qualify SNI. After the process of purification by neutralization using NaOH 18 oBe and 20 oBe and performed an analysis of the quality of the oil, it turns out that the use of NaOH 20 oBe effective improve quality coconut oil good physics and chemistry. Coconut oil results neutralization with 20 NaOH oBe continued with the process of bleaching using active charcoal 2% and mix active charcoal 1% + 1% bentonite improved the quality of the oil either chemical or physical parameters and qualify SNI cooking oil. Yield after cooking oil with neutralised NaOH 20oBe and bleaching using active charcoal 2% i.e. 78,79%.</p><p align="center"><strong>ABSTRAK</strong></p><p>Pengolahan kopra pada umumnya dilakukan dengan cara pengeringan melalui pemanasan langsung atau pengasapan dengan suhu yang tinggi. Cara ini menghasilkan minyak kelapa kasar mutu rendah, karena kandungan air dan asam lemak bebasnya tinggi, sehingga cepat menjadi tengik, warna kecoklatan dan tidak layak di konsumsi. Tujuan penelitian ini yaitu melakukan proses pemurnian minyak kelapa berbahan baku kopra asap menjadi minyak goreng yang bermutu baik. Penelitian menggunakan metode deskriptif. Penelitian dilakukan bulan pada Pebruari 2015 sampai dengan November 2015 di Balai Riset dan Standardisasi Industri Manado, Sulawesi Utara. Bahan baku kopra yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini berasal dari Kelurahan Bengkol Manado. Kopra diproses menjadi minyak dan minyak dimurnikan. Hasil analisis mutu minyak kelapa sebelum pemurnian untuk parameter bau, warna, kadar air, asam lemak bebas dan bilangan asam tidak memenuhi syarat SNI. Proses pemurnian dengan netralisasi menggunakan larutan NaOH 18 oBe dan 20 oBe, ternyata larutan NaOH 20 oBe efektif meningkatkan mutu minyak kelapa dan memenuhi syarat mutu SNI. Minyak kelapa hasil netralisasi dengan NaOH 20 oBe dilanjutkan dengan proses pemucatan menggunakan arang aktif 2% dan campuran arang aktif 1%+bentonit 1% terjadi peningkatan mutu minyak baik parameter fisika maupun kimia dan memenuhi syarat SNI minyak goreng. Rendemen minyak goreng setelah dinetralisasi dengan larutan NaOH 20 oBe dan pemucatan menggunakan arang aktif 2%, yakni 78,79%.</p>