bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
INFLUÊNCIA DO ALEITAMENTO MATERNO NO DESENVOLVIMENTO COGNITIVO DA CRIANÇA: UMA REVISÃO INTEGRATIVA
Authors: Bery Bruna Garcia , Bayer Bruna Santos , Macedo Cristina Ribeiro 
Published: November 2024

Introdução: A amamentação é uma prática que estimula o bem-estar do binômio mãe e filho, tornando-se uma importante estratégia na promoção do desenvolvimento da criança. Objetivo: Identificar a influência do aleitamento materno até os dois anos no desenvolvimento neuropsicomotor infantil. Método: Trata-se de uma revisão integrativa de literatura, elaborada em 6 etapas A coleta de dados foi realizada nas bases de dados, BVS (Biblioteca Virtual em Saúde) e PubMed. Os descritores em saúde (DeCS) foram: “Aleitamento materno” AND “Saúde da Criança” AND “Pediatria” AND “Cognição”. Resultados: Foram analisados 14 artigos entre 2019 e 2024, com 1 artigo na BVS e 13 na PubMed. Dentre esses, cinco mostraram favoráveis à relacionados ao aleitamento materno com o desenvolvimento neurológico infantil, três apresentaram resultados desfavoráveis, três tiveram desfechos inconclusivos e outros três exibiram desfechos variáveis. Discussão: Mostrou-se que o aleitamento está ligado ao maior desenvolvimento psicomotor e emocional. Períodos breves de amamentação mostram impacto positivo na capacidade cognitiva. Ademais, mostram que nutrientes como piridoxal e carotenoides estão associados a habilidades cognitivas e psicomotoras até os 3 anos de idade. Crianças amamentadas revelaram melhores escores em testes de desenvolvimento neurológico e habilidades motoras e níveis mais altos em inteligência verbal, comparadas àquelas nutridas por fórmula láctea. Conclusão: Crianças amamentadas conforme as recomendações da OMS manifestaram melhor evolução no desenvolvimento socioemocional, cognitivo e psicomotor. Os micronutrientes do leite humano também provaram-se importantes no neurodesenvolvimento pueril. Contudo, o projeto enfrentou limitações, como dificuldade no acesso aos artigos científicos e a escassez de pesquisas acerca da temática.
MODEL PERILAKU BELI VAKSIN BERLABEL HALAL PADA KONSUMEN MUSLIM: SUATU KONSEPTUAL MODEL
Authors: Budi Santoso Gunawan , Sri Nugroho Arif Julianto , Herawati Nanik 
Published: November 2024

Tujuan penelitian ini menguji peubah gayut perilaku beli vaksin berlabel halal dipengaruhi tiga peubah bebas yaitu nilai- nilai keyakinan konsumen terhadap vaksin label halal, keamanan-produk terpersepsi dan kesehatan-produk terpersepsi dengan satu peubah pemoderasi religiusitas-terpersepsi. Disain penelitian berupa riset kuantitatif survey. Teknik pengambilan sampel dalam riset awaltahun pertama dilakukan secara purposive sampling. Responden diambil sebagai sampel merupakan konsumen Muslim dewasa yang telah mengonsumsi vaksin label halal Flu-Bio, CoronaVac dan Vac2Bio di wilayah Kabupaten Klaten sejumlah 100 responden. Uji kuantitatif terhadap model dilakukan secara Structural Equation Model. Tahapan uji model meliputi uji kesahihan dan keandalan indikator, uji deskriptif responden dan deskriptif peubah, uji statistik inferensial, uji asumsi klasik serta uji peubah moderator multi-grup. Uji peubah pemoderasi menggunakan alat bantu program statistik perangkat lunak AMOS 21
Pembuatan Alat Tongkat Tunanetra Pendeteksi Benda Menggunakan Arduino Nano Atmega 328
Authors: Ermawati Yuli , Zulyanti Fetty 
Published: November 2024

Tidak semua orang terlahir dengan indra penglihatan yang sempurna, ada pula sebagian kehilangan pengilhatan sejak lahir maupun akibat kecelakaan. Seorang tunanetra mempunyai keterbatasan dalam indra penglihatan, maka proses pembelajaran menekankan pada alat indra yang lain yaitu indra peraba dan pendengaran. Pada umumnya untuk bergerak dan berpindah tempat, penyandang tunanetra menggunakan alat bantu tongkat atau anjing yang terlatih untuk membantu pergerakan dan mengetahui benda yang ada di sekitar. Dalam memakai tongkat ini memerlukan proses pelatihan agar tongkat dapat digunakan dengan baik. Untuk membantu menyelesai permasalahan tersebut, maka akan dirancang sebuah alat bantu untuk tunanetra dengan menggunakan sensor ultrasonic berbasis arduino sehingga dapat membantu para penyandang tuna netra untuk melakukan aktifitas sehari-hari supya tidak menabrak orang atau bendalain yang berada disekitarnya.Tujuannya adalah merancang alat bantu bagi tunanetra menggunakan sensor ultrasonic. Hasil pengujian yang telah dilakukan alat ini dapat mendeteksi halangan atau benda dalam jarak 3 Centimeter – 300 Centimeter dan alat ini dapat mengeluarkan suara yang dihasilkan oleh buzzer sebagai informasi kepada pemakai jika ada penghalang di depan dan disamping penggunanya
COMPARISON OF DIFFERENT TREATMENT MODALITIES OF CHELATION THERAPY IN BETA THALASSEMIA MAJOR PATIENTS
Authors: Usman Ghazal , Mahfooz ur Rehman  , Khalil Shifa , Hafeez Muhammad Sarmad 
Published: November 2024

Background: Thalassemia has high prevalence and carrier rate of 8 - 10% in Pakistan, repeated blood transfusions lead to iron deposition in organs. In this Prospective study we have compared the efficacy of three chelation regimens being used in our country. It has been conducted at PBTS, Fatmid Foundation and Children Hospital Lahore. Methods: 60 thalassemia major patients, were divided into 3 groups according to their mode of chelation. Patients in group I were on oral iron chelator deferiprone, 7 days per week. Thalassemics in group II were on parenteral iron chelator deferoxamine given subcutaneously for 4 days in a week, and group III patients were on combination therapy, deferiprone for 5 days & deferoxamine given twice weekly. The assessment of chelation was done by measurement of serum ferritin and 24 hour urinary iron excretion at the start of study and then after six months of follow up. To assess the hepatic iron, hepatic MRI were also performed. Results: Ferritin levels were maximally decreased in group II, followed by group III, with no significant reduction in group I. However statistically significant difference in mean urinary iron excretion (increased) was seen in group III. The hepatic iron was very high in all three groups as shown by the hepatic MRI. Conclusion: Combination chelation therapy is the most effective chelation therapy in iron overloaded patients. It helps improve the compliance and increases urinary iron excretion. Patients on DFX have lowest degree of hepatic siderosis even though it is considerably higher than normal population.
PECTORALIS MAJOR MYOCUTANEOUS FLAP SUCCESS RATE IN SURGICAL MANAGEMENT OF ORAL CANCER
Authors: Saeed Ullah Shah  , Hina Jabeen  , Fatima Waseem  , Haleema Dilawar  
Published: November 2024

Background: The recurrence rate of Oral squamous cell carcinoma is between 26.5% and 56.3% of cases. The majority of handling failures are confined & local-regional. However, there is debate regarding the best course of action for these patients with recurring oral Malignancy. The objective of the study was to assess the efficacy of the flap in the reconstruction of oral cancer patients and the complications that can result from it. Methodology: The study was conducted in Zia-Uddin Hospital, Karachi, Pakistan from 2020 to 2022. Forty patients of recurrent oral cancer, who underwent salvage surgery with a pectoralis major myocutaneous flap were included in the study. Information was taken from the case notes, & the clinical follow-up of the patients were done between one month and one year. Results: The surgery had an 80% overall success rate. Twenty patients (57.1%) experienced difficulties, including 17 (48.6%) who had flap-related issues. Seven patients (20%) experienced problems unrelated to the flap, such as temporomandibular joint pain and haemorrhage of the chest incision. 9 patients (25.7%) experienced major difficulties, compared to 8 patients (22.9%) who experienced minor complications. Conclusion: For the dependable restoration of significant soft tissue abnormalities brought on by the excision of recurrent oral cancer, the pectoralis major myocutaneous flap was found to be a good option. The main issues were related to the reconstruction site. Salvage surgery helps a lot of patients, and some of them can live for two to four years after the procedure.
COMPARISON OF COMMA INCISION VERSUS MODIFIED WARD'S INCISION IN MANDIBULAR THIRD MOLAR SURGERY- A CLINICAL STUDY
Authors: Lohana Vishal , Sundas Kunbher  , Shumaila Younus  , Suneel Kumar Punjabi  , Omaiz Memon  , Ghulam Ali  
Published: November 2024

Background: To evaluate the effectiveness of the two flap/incision techniques, viz. the comma incision versus modified ward's incision in mandibular third molar surgery. Methods: This randomized research comprised of 126 participants, 63 in every group. Male and female patients between the ages of 20 and 45 who had mesio-angular impacted mandibular third molar till the age of 20 to 24 years were enrolled in the research. Patients with specific problems, that is pregnancy, trismus, pericoronitis, horizontally impacted wisdom teeth, and disto-angular impaction, and limited mouth opening in which there was difficulty in access to third molar region due to any reason were omitted from the study. The independent t-test were used to evaluate the mouth opening over groups, and the chi-square test were used to evaluate the pain and edema. Results: The participants average age was 31.16±9.29 years. On the first day, the comma shaped group reported significantly mild pain (47.6%) compared to the Modified Ward's group (30.2%) (p=0.230). On the seventh day, the comma shaped group reported significantly greater mild pain (63.5%) and decreased severe pain (1.6%) compared to the Modified Ward's group, which reported decrease mild pain (55.6%) and more severe pain (4.8%) (p=0.032). On the first, third and seventh days, mouth opening was also considerably higher in the comma-shaped group than in the Modified Ward's group. On the third and seventh days, swelling was much decreased in the comma-shaped group than in the Modified Ward's group. Conclusion: Our study delivers some proofs that the comma-shaped incision is more effective than the modified Widman's incision at promoting good mouth opening and decrease post-operative edema and discomfort after flap surgery.
EVALUATION OF EPIDERMAL GROWTH FACTOR RECEPTOR (EGFR) EXPRESSION IN UROTHELIAL CARCINOMA: A POSSIBLE PROGNOSTIC ROLE
Authors: Basharat Shifa , Ayesha Sajjad  , Faryal Javaid  , Maria Khan  , Maria Tasneem Khattak  , Iqbal Muhammad Khan  
Published: November 2024

Background: Urothelial carcinoma is a subtype of urinary bladder cancer which carries a higher morbidity and mortality worldwide. It is estimated that 90% of the patients presenting to the hospitals with history of bladder cancer are diagnosed with urothelial carcinomas. Objective of the study was to evaluate the strength of EGFR expression and its prognostic role in urothelial carcinoma. It was a cross-sectional study conducted at the Rehman Medical Institute Peshawar from July 2022 to February 2023. Methods: A total of 98 specimens of patients diagnosed with urothelial carcinoma were examined in histopathology department. Patients with other malignancies were excluded. Demographic characteristics of participants, tumour grading, invasion of the surrounding structures and EGFR expression was recorded, and data analysis was performed with SPSS-23. Results: Mean age of the participants was 58.68±8.61 years. Gender distribution revealed 67(68.4%) males and 31(31.6%) females with a male to female ratio of 2.1:1. A total of 61 (62.2%) patients exhibited low grade of urothelial carcinoma while 37(37.8%) patients showed high grade malignancy. Expression of EGFR was not observed in 04 (4.1%) specimens while 62(63.3%) specimens revealed weak to moderate expression and 32(32.7%) showed strong expression of EGFR. Out of 61 patients with low grade of tumour, 04 (6.6%) patients exhibited no expression, 50(80%) patients exhibited weak to moderate expression and 07(11.5%) patients revealed strong expression of EGFR. Out of 37 patients with high tumour grade, 12(32.4%) revealed weak to moderate and 25 (67.6%) revealed strong expression of EGFR. Higher tumour grades and tumours with deeper penetration revealed a strong expression of EGFR with a p-value of <0.001. Conclusion: Strong expression of EGFR in tumours with higher grade validates its prognostic role and can be utilized for targeted therapy with potentially lifesaving consequences in patients presenting with urothelial carcinoma.
COMPARISON OF NEGATIVE PRESSURE VACUUM THERAPY (NPWT) AND TIE OVER DRESSING IN HEALING SKIN GRAFTS
Authors: Farah Naz  , Rana Hassan Javaid  , Danish Almas  , Yousuf Bilal Yousuf , Sara Noor  , Aneeq Ahmed Awan  
Published: November 2024

Background: Negative pressure wound therapy (NPWT) accelerates wound healing by inducing growth factors, evaporating fluid, removing microorganisms, and improving microcirculation. Compared to it the traditional technique involves applying a dressing that is tied over and secured with nylon stitches commonly known as tie over dressing. Both the methods of graft fixing have their pros and cons therefore current study was designed to compare the efficacy of tie over dressing and NPWT methods for securing split thickness skin grafts and sheet grafts. Methods: A randomized control trial was conducted at tertiary care hospital of Karachi from July to December 2023. Participants who visited the department for grafting, fulfilled the inclusion criteria and given consent throughout the study duration were included in the study. The participants were selected by non-probability consecutive sampling technique and groups were allotted by sealed envelope method. Group 1 received tie over dressing and Group 2 received NPWT dressing. The wounds were evaluated after 5 days for tie over dressing and after 3 days for NPWT dressing. Results: The wound were assessed for outcome (healing and complications) after 14 days. The percentage of graft take identified as 11 (31.4%) participants of tie over dressing group and 28 (80%) participants of NPWT dressing material had more than 50% graft take however, remaining participants of both the group suffered the wound healing complications and delayed healing. The significant (p<0.05) differences were observed for graft loss, hematoma formation, and infection. However, 25 (71.4%) participants of Vac-NPWT faced no complication (p-value =0.001). No patient in either group had complete graft loss. Conclusion: NPWT dressing has superiority in preventing graft loss, hematoma formation, and infection over tie over dressing.
A COMPARATIVE STUDY OF VICRYL RAPIDE SUTURE VERSUS CHROMIC CATGUT SUTURE FOR EPISIOTOMY REPAIR
Authors: Samreena Akhtar Chohan  , Saima Altaf  , Kausar Inayat  , Seemab Zafar  , Nosheena Shabbir  , Shehnaz Sheeba  
Published: November 2024

Background: An episiotomy is a perineal incision performed to facilitate childbirth by enlarging the diameter of the vulvae outflow. Given the prevalence of long-term complications following episiotomy repair, this investigation employed vicryl rapide suture, a polyglactin analogue that induces reduced tissue reaction and is absorbed via hydrolysis (in contrast to chromic catgut suture). Produced from collagen, chromic catgut induces an inflammatory response within the tissues upon degradation by phagocytosis and proteolytic enzymes. There is disagreement regarding the superior suture material. This study was therefore designed to compare pain at 48 hours and analgesia requirement at 7th day in chromic catgut suture and vicryl rapide suture. The purpose of this study was to determine pain at 48 hours and analgesia requirement at 7th day between vicryl rapide suture and chromic catgut suture. Methods: This study was conducted at department of GYNAECOLOGY and OBSTETRICS at Shaikh Zayed Hospital Lahore. A total of 206 (103 in each group) females were enrolled in this study. Result: In this study the mean age of the cases in vicryl rapide group was 28.94 ± 3.50 and in chromic catgut group it was 29.05±3.43. A total of 103 (50%) female were enrolled in Group A and 103 (50%) were enrolled in Group B. In this study pain at 48 hours was found in 33 (32%) patients in vicryl rapide group and 52 (50.5%) in chromic catgut group p-value=0.007. Similarly, analgesia requirement at 7th day was found in 2 (1.9%) patients in vicryl rapide group and 26 (25.2%) patients in chromic catgut group with significant p-value <0.001. Conclusion: This study concluded that vicryl rapide was the best suture material for episiotomy repair, resulting in decreased pain after 48 hours and lesser need for analgesia by the seventh day.
EXPLORING THE IMPACT OF RISK FACTORS, PREVENTIVE MEASURES, AND MANAGEMENT STRATEGIES ON SURGICAL SITE INFECTIONS IN GENERAL SURGERY: A COMPREHENSIVE ASSESSMENT
Authors: Hamid ur Rehman  , Atif Iqbal  , Ibrar Ahmad  , Hina Fayyaz  , Liaqat Ali  , Javed Iqbal  , Qazi Mohammad Hameed  
Published: November 2024

Background: Surgical site infections (SSIs) pose significant challenges in healthcare, leading to prolonged hospital stays, increased morbidity, and economic burden. Understanding the interplay between risk factors, preventive measures, and management strategies is crucial for effective infection control in general surgery. This study aimed to comprehensively assess the impact of various risk factors, preventive measures, and management strategies on surgical site infections in the context of general surgery. Methods: The study was conducted atJinnah International Hospital Abbottabad, involving a study population of 120 patients undergoing general surgical procedures from May 2023 to April 2024. A retrospective analysis of patient records was performed to identify risk factors associated with SSIs. Additionally, preventive measures implemented preoperatively, intraoperatively, and postoperatively were evaluated. Management strategies employed for treating SSIs were also reviewed.
Results: The analysis revealed several significant risk factors contributing to the development of SSIs, including comorbidities, prolonged surgical duration, and inadequate preoperative preparation. Preoperative measures such as appropriate patient screening and optimization, intraoperative techniques like strict aseptic protocols, and postoperative interventions such as timely wound care significantly influenced SSI rates. Furthermore, effective management strategies such as early detection, antimicrobial therapy, and surgical debridement played pivotal roles in controlling SSIs and reducing associated complications. Conclusion: Our findings underscore the importance of a multifaceted approach involving identification of risk factors, implementation of preventive measures, and prompt management strategies to mitigate the incidence and impact of surgical site infections in general surgery. Comprehensive infection control protocols tailored to individual patient needs are essential for optimizing surgical outcomes and enhancing patient safety.
MANAGEMENT OF EROSIVE ORAL LICHEN PLANUS ASSOCIATED WITH CHRONIC HEPATITIS C
Authors: Medini Taissir , Besbes Amira , Nasri Wafa , Ben Abdeljelil Nouha L , Selmi Jamil 
Published: November 2024

Hepatic disorders are generally silent, with slow progress, and are usually detected when the organ's function is severely affected. Several studies have shown that oral lichen planus (OLP) is one of the most Hepatitis C-associated diseases. The emergence of such an extrahepatic manifestation is frequent and can lead to an early diagnosis. Patients with chronic hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection exhibit extensive forms of OLP, with frequent periods of exacerbation of symptoms refractory to treatment, which is commensurate with the severity of the liver disease. When treating OLP in HCV patients, researchers have diverged results. This case report presents an extensive, erosive OLP in an HCV-positive female patient for whom clinical management was tremendous. Full remission was obtained after topical corticosteroid application and several sessions of oral cavity sanitation. This clinical case demonstrates that dentists play a major role in OLP diagnosing, managing, and malignant transformation preventing. They may also contribute to the screening of hepatitis C infection.
DIAGNOSTIC ROLE OF ULTRASONOGRAPHY FOR INTUSSUSCEPTION IN CHILDREN
Authors: Azmat Ali  , Mashaal Farooq  , Javed Hamza , Shamsullah Burki  , Ummar Nasim Khan  
Published: November 2024

Background: Intussusception is a common cause of bowel obstruction in children, and early diagnosis is crucial to prevent complications. Ultrasonography is widely used to diagnose intussusception, but its validity parameters in children have not been well-established. The objective of this study is to determine the validity parameters of ultrasonography in diagnosing intussusception in children, taking surgical findings as the gold standard. Methods: This cross-sectional validation study was conducted at the diagnostic radiology and surgery departments of Ayub Teaching Hospital, Abbottabad. This study duration spans from September 2022 to December 2023, and 127children of both sex with ages in the range of 3 months to 12 years suspected to have intussusception on ultrasound as per operational definition were included, and patients managed conservatively were excluded. Ultrasound scan was performed with Toshiba Xario-100 machine using high frequency 8.5 MHz probe. All data, including patients' demographics were recorded on a proforma. Data analysis was conducted using SPSS version 25. Results: The mean age of patients was 6.50±3.38 years. The diagnostic accuracy of ultrasonography was 85.83%, with sensitivity of 82.93%, specificity of 91.11%, positive predictive value (PPV) of 94.44%, and negative predictive value (NPV) of 74.55%. Conclusion: The use of ultrasonography as a first-line diagnostic tool for intussusception in children can help in early diagnosis and prompt management of the condition, which can significantly reduce the risk of complications.