bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Prospective instrumental evaluation of swallowing, tongue function, and QOL measures following transoral robotic surgery alone without adjuvant therapy
Authors: Lazarus Cathy L. , Ganz Cindy , Ru Meng , Miles Brett A. , Kotz Tamar , Chai Raymond L. 
Published: December 2018

AbstractBackgroundTransoral robotic surgery (TORS) has been utilized to deintensify treatment. No studies have measured swallow safety and efficiency, nor assessed the functional impact of TORS alone.MethodsThis prospective cohort underwent baseline and 1‐month postsurgery assessments including modified barium swallow evaluation, using the Dynamic Imaging Grade of Swallowing Toxicity (DIGEST) rating system, tongue range of motion assessment, the Performance Status Scale (PSS), and quality of life with the MD Anderson Dysphagia Inventory (MDADI).ResultsAll DIGEST safety scores were 0 (normal) at both time points. DIGEST efficiency scores were mildly impaired in 2 of 10 patients postsurgery. PSS scores revealed all patients were on regular diets, were 100% understandable, and were eating in public at both time points. Tongue Range of Motion scores were 100 of 100 at both time points. MDADI scores were not significantly different across time points.ConclusionsCareful identification of patients can result in excellent outcomes following TORS. Future studies will examine longer follow‐up of speech, swallowing, and tongue function in patients undergoing TORS surgery.
Genetic polymorphisms of miRNA let7a‐2 and pri‐mir‐34b/c are associated with an increased risk of papillary thyroid carcinoma and clinical/pathological features
Authors: Heidari Zahra , Mohammadpour‐Gharehbagh Abbas , Eskandari Moein , Harati‐Sadegh Mahdiyeh , Salimi Saeedeh 
Published: December 2018

AbstractmicroRNAs (miRNAs) as a group of short noncoding RNAs are crucial molecules in transcriptional and translational regulation of oncogenes and tumor suppressor genes. Evidence showed there was an association between the miRNA polymorphisms and various cancers, including papillary thyroid carcinoma (PTC). The present study aims to evaluate the possible effects of let7a‐2 rs1143770 and pri‐mir‐34b/c rs4938723 polymorphisms on PTC susceptibility. A total of 120 patients with PTC and 130 age, sex, and race matched controls were enrolled in the case‐control study. The polymerase chain reaction‐restriction fragment length polymorphism method was used for genotyping of let7a‐2 rs1143770 and pri‐mir‐34b/c rs4938723 polymorphisms. The let7a‐2 rs1143770 CT and TT genotypes were associated with a 1.9‐fold and 2.2‐fold higher risk of PTC, respectively (P = 0.027 and P = 0.041). Moreover, the let7a‐2 rs1143770 polymorphism was associated with increased PTC risk in both dominant (2‐fold, P = 0.015) and the allelic model (1.5‐fold, P = 0.03). The frequency of pri‐mir‐34b/c rs4938723TC genotype was significantly higher in patients with PTC and associated with a two‐fold higher risk of PTC (P = 0.013). In addition, this polymorphism was associated with a 1.8‐fold increased risk of PTC in dominant model (P = 0.021). The let7a‐2 rs1143770CT genotype was associated with a 3.5‐fold increased risk of N1 stage in PTC patients (P = 0.04), however, pri‐mir‐34b/c rs4938723TC genotype was associated with a 3.4‐fold and 5.1‐fold increased risk of III‐IV stage and vascular invasion in PTC group, respectively (P = 0.04 and P = 0.04). In conclusion, the present study shows that let7a‐2 rs1143770 and pri‐mir‐34b/c rs4938723 polymorphisms could be susceptible factors for PTC and some clinical features.
PAR2 promotes M1 macrophage polarization and inflammation via FOXO1 pathway
Authors: Chen Liang , Gao Beiyao , Zhang Yadong , Lu Hanyu , Li Xiaobo , Pan Luanfeng , Yin Lianhua , Zhi Xiuling 
Published: December 2018

AbstractMacrophages polarization plays essential but different roles in most diseases such as atherosclerosis, adipose tissue inflammation, and insulin resistance. Our previous study revealed that protease‐activated receptor 2 (PAR2), a G‐protein coupled receptor influenced macrophage function, but little is known regarding the regulation of macrophage polarization process and its potential mechanisms. In the present study, bone marrow–derived macrophages (BMDM) isolated from C57/BL6 mice and cultured with L929‐conditional medium and murine macrophage cell line RAW264.7 were used to study the function of PAR2 activation in vitro. BMDM was stimulated by the small molecular PAR2 agonist, 2‐furoyl‐LIGRLO‐amide trifluoroacetate salt, followed by transcription factor microarray to screen the significantly activated signaling pathways under PAR2 activation. Western blot analysis, quantitative real‐time polymerase chain reaction (qRT‐PCR) was used to evaluate the expression of targeted genes and transcription factors. Immunofluorescence was used to observe the subcellular distribution of transcription factors. Our results demonstrated that M1‐like polarization was presented by PAR2 agonist treatment with significant upregulation of interleukin‐1β, interleukin‐6, monocyte chemotactic protein‐1, and tumor necrosis factor‐α in BMDM and RAW264.7. Microarray identified forkhead box protein O1 (FOXO1) was significantly increased under PAR2 agonist stimulation, which was confirmed by qPCR and Western blot analysis. Immunofluorescence demonstrated that increased FOXO1 accumulated in the nucleus, which is necessary to promote transcription for targeted genes. We further knocked down FOXO1 expression using small interfering RNA, which alleviated PAR2‐induced proinflammatory gene expression. The PAR2/FOXO1 pathway mediated stimulation of proinflammatory genes was further confirmed by tryptase, an endogenous ligand of PAR2. In conclusion, this study demonstrated that PAR2 activation–induced M1 polarization and inflammation through the FOXO1‐dependent pathway.
Exploring the mediating role of self‐blame and coping in the relationships between self‐compassion and distress in females following the sexual assault
Authors: Hamrick Lauren A. , Owens Gina P. 
Published: December 2018

AbstractObjectiveThe present study investigated the associations between self‐compassion, self‐blame, disengagement coping, and posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) and depression symptom severity among females who had experienced sexual assault. We also examined whether the relationships between self‐compassion and both PTSD and depression severity were mediated by self‐blame and coping.MethodA volunteer sample of female adults (N = 207) completed surveys online or on paper.ResultsMediational analyses showed that higher self‐compassion was associated with lower behavioral self‐blame, characterological self‐blame (CSB), and disengagement coping which, in turn, were associated with less PTSD. Higher self‐compassion was associated with less depression severity directly and indirectly via CSB.ConclusionsThese findings suggest that self‐compassion may be relevant for understanding postassault mental health, partially through its associations with self‐blame and coping. Clinicians working with sexual assault survivors may choose to augment treatment‐as‐usual with interventions designed to increase self‐compassion.
Hereditary breast cancer; Genetic penetrance and current status with BRCA
Authors: Mahdavi Morteza , Nassiri Mohammadreza , Kooshyar Mohammad Mahdi , Vakili‐Azghandi Masoume , Avan Amir , Sandry Ryan , Pillai Suja , Lam Alfred King‐yin , Gopalan Vinod 
Published: December 2018

AbstractThe most important cause of developing hereditary breast cancer is germline mutations occurring in breast cancer (BCs) susceptibility genes, for example, BRCA1, BRCA2, TP53, CHEK2, PTEN, ATM, and PPM1D. Many BC susceptibility genes can be grouped into two classes, high‐ and low‐penetrance genes, each of which interact with multiple genes and environmental factors. However, the penetrance of genes can also be represented by a spectrum, which ranges between high and low. Two of the most common susceptibility genes are BRCA1 and BRCA2, which perform vital cellular functions for repair of homologous DNA. Loss of heterozygosity accompanied by hereditary mutations in BRCA1 or BRCA2 increases chromosomal instability and the likelihood of cancer, as well as playing a key role in stimulating malignant transformation. With regard to pathological features, familial breast cancers caused by BRCA1 mutations usually differ from those caused by BRCA2 mutations and nonfamilial BCs. It is essential to acquire an understanding of these pathological features along with the genetic history of the patient to offer an individualized treatment. Germline mutations in BRCA1 and BRCA2 genes are the main genetic and inherited factors for breast and ovarian cancer. In fact, these mutations are very important in developing early onset and increasing the risk of familial breast and ovarian cancer and responsible for 90% of hereditary BC cases. Therefore, according to the conducted studies, screening of BRCA1 and BRCA2 genes is recommended as an important marker for early detection of all patients with breast or ovarian cancer risk with family history of the disease. In this review, we summarize the role of hereditary genes, mainly BRCA1 and BRCA2, in BC.
Identification of microRNAs related to myocardial ischemic reperfusion injury
Authors: Liu Kang , Ma Li , Zhou Fang , Yang Yingcong , Hu Hai‐Bo , Wang Long , Zhong Liang 
Published: December 2018

AbstractPrevious studies have suggested that microRNAs (miRNAs) are associated with the progression of myocardial ischemic reperfusion (I/R) injury. However, inconsistent results have been obtained due to the differences in sequencing platform, control selection, and filtering conditions. To explore the key miRNAs in the pathogenesis of myocardial I/R injury and develop miRNA diagnostic biomarkers for myocardial I/R injury prevention, we performed a systematic analysis of publicly available myocardial I/R injury miRNA expression data and investigated the function of the signature miRNA. A total of 17 representative myocardial I/R injury miRNA datasets were extracted from the Google Scholar website and a systematic bioinformatics analysis was done. TargetScan software was used to predict the miRNA target genes, and functional enrichment and transcription factor binding analyses were performed on the target genes using the DAVID and Tfacts databases. In this study, a total of 10 signature miRNAs associated with myocardial I/R injury were identified, which included eight significantly upregulated miRNAs (miR‐let‐7b‐3p, miR‐let‐7c‐3p, miR‐15b‐3p, miR‐195‐3p, miR‐21‐5p, miR‐214‐5p, miR‐24‐3p, and miR‐320a) and two significantly downregulated miRNAs (miR‐126‐5p and miR‐499a‐5p). They had different influences on myocardial I/R injury. The upregulated target gene‐expressing signature messenger RNAs (mRNAs) were mainly involved in the transcriptional regulation process of GO: 0000122, negative regulation of transcription from RNA polymerase II promoter, and so on, while downregulated expression of signature mRNAs was mainly involved in GO:0070534, protein K63‐linked ubiquitination, and so forth. To summarize, 10 signature miRNAs of myocardial I/R injury pathogenesis were identified and their target genes and transcription factors were revealed, suggesting the potential novel therapeutic targets for myocardial I/R injury.
Downregulation of long noncoding RNA DGCR5 contributes to the proliferation, migration, and invasion of cervical cancer by activating Wnt signaling pathway
Authors: Liu Yun , Chang Yue , Lu Shuxiong , Xiang Yuan‐Yuan 
Published: December 2018

AbstractAccumulating research works have reported that long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) are involved in various cancers, including cervical cancer. LncRNA DGCR5 has been identified in many cancers. However, the biological role of DGCR5 in cervical cancer remains barely known. We aimed to investigate the biological function of DGCR5 in cervical cancer progression. Here, in our current study, we observed that DGCR5 was downregulated in human cervical cancer cell lines (MS751, SiHa, HeLa, and HT‐3) compared with the primary normal cervical squamous cells (NCSC1 and NCSC2). Then, DGCR5 was restrained by transfection with lenti‐virus‐short hairpin RNA (LV‐shRNA) while induced by LV‐DGCR5 in HeLa and C33A cells. Silence of DGCR5 obviously induced cervical cancer cell viability and cell proliferation. Reversely, upregulation of DGCR5 inhibited HeLa and C33A cell survival and proliferation. Furthermore, silencing of DGCR5 increased cervical cancer cell colony formation ability and decreased cell apoptosis, whereas its overexpression exhibited an opposite process. Moreover, DGCR5 suppressed migration and invasion capacity of cervical cancer cells. The Wnt signaling is integral in numerous biological processes. Here, we found that Wnt signaling was strongly activated in cervical cancer cells. Downregulation of DGCR5 contributed to cervical cancer progression by activating Wnt signaling. Subsequently, in vivo animal models were used to confirm that DGCR5 suppressed cervical cancer via targeting Wnt signaling. In conclusion, we reported that DGCR5 was involved in cervical cancer progression via modulating the Wnt pathway.
Hepatoprotective effect of chiisanoside from Acanthopanax sessiliflorus against LPS/D‐GalN‐induced acute liver injury by inhibiting NF‐κB and activating Nrf2/HO‐1 signaling pathways
Authors: Bian Xingbo , Liu Xiaofeng , Liu Jinping , Zhao Yan , Li Haijun , Zhang Lianxue , Li Pingya , Gao Yugang 
Published: December 2018

AbstractBACKGROUNDIn China, Acanthopanax sessiliflorus is a delicious wild vegetable. It is also used to treat inflammation and pain. Chiisanoside (CSS) is the main constituent of the leaf of A. sessiliflorus. Combined use of lipopolysaccharide and d‐galactosamine (LPS/D‐GalN) can induce acute liver failure in human beings, and there are no reports on the protective effect of CSS against LPS/D‐GalN‐induced acute liver injury in mice.RESULTSChiisanoside pretreatment evidently reduced the activities of alanine transaminase (ALT) and aspartate transaminase (AST) in the changes induced by LPS/D‐GalN, and these histopathological changes induced by LPS/GalN were significantly weakened. Catalase (CAT), glutathione (GSH), and superoxide dismutase (SOD) activities increased, and malondialdehyde (MDA) activity decreased after CSS treatment compared with LPS/D‐GalN treatment. Pretreatment with CSS also inhibited the expression levels of inflammatory factors. The administration of CSS prevented the phosphorylated expression of inhibitor kappa B (IκB) kinase, and led to a significant increase in heme oxygenase‐1 (HO‐1) expression and nuclear factor erythroid 2‐related factor2 (Nrf2) nuclear translocation.CONCLUSIONThe protective effects of CSS are attributed to its antioxidative effect and inflammatory suppression in Nuclear factor kappa beta (NF‐κB) and Nrf2/HO‐1 signaling pathways. Chiisanoside might therefore be a potential ingredient for drug and food development against acute liver injury in the future. © 2018 Society of Chemical Industry
Feasibility study on direct fermentation of soybean meal by Bacillus stearothermophilus under non‐sterile conditions
Authors: Wu Ping , Guo Yiting , Golly Moses Kwaku , Ma Haile , He Ronghai , Luo Shilong , Zhang Cheng , Zhang Liuping , Zhu Jinhua 
Published: December 2018

AbstractBACKGROUNDTo evaluate the feasibility of high‐temperature solid‐state fermentation (SSF) using soybean meal (SBM) during the non‐sterile process, Bacillus stearothermophilus was employed to assess the nutritional quality and bioactivity of SBM after fermentation.RESULTSThe fermented SBM (FSBM) without autoclaving showed significant improvements in nutritional quality and bioactivity. The contents of peptides and crude and soluble proteins increased by 131.21%, 5.3% and 15.52%, respectively. Meanwhile, DPPH (2,2‐diphenyl‐1‐picrylhydrazyl) scavenging ability, reducing ability and hydroxyl free radical‐scavenging activity rose by 57.07%, 238.92% and 368.26%, respectively. The inhibitory activity of angiotensin I‐converting enzyme increased from 1.43 ± 0.83% to 26.89 ± 1.03%, while the trypsin inhibitor activity decreased by 74.05%. The contents of neutral and alkaline proteases and the growth of microorganisms in FSBM without autoclaving were higher and better than in steam‐treated FSBM. After steam treatment, the water‐holding capacity of SBM decreased, and a high crosslink density was observed on the surface of SBM particles.CONCLUSIONSIt is feasible to ferment SBM by high‐temperature SSF using B. stearothermophilus under non‐sterile conditions. Adverse effects of SSF using sterile SBM might be owing to the low water‐holding capacity caused by autoclaving. © 2018 Society of Chemical Industry
Prey selection by larval northern pike (Esox lucius) exposed to different zooplankton assemblages representing seasonally flooded wetland and nearshore bay habitats
Authors: Massa Ericka A. , Farrell John M. 
Published: December 2018

AbstractA prey selection experiment was designed to investigate whether northern pike larvae, at swim‐up and advanced stages, select similar zooplankton prey in seasonally flooded wetlands and nearshore littoral zones, which represent primary St. Lawrence River northern pike spawning habitats. At first exogenous feeding, naïve swim‐up larvae exposed to both wetland and nearshore zooplankton were generalist consumers, feeding primarily on cyclopoid copepods and small cladocerans. No positive selection was observed for any prey taxa. Advanced larvae began to exhibit positive selection for large cladocerans. Significantly larger‐sized prey were consumed by advanced larvae given wetland vs. nearshore zooplankton. Large cladocerans made up a greater proportion of the assemblage originating from seasonally flooded wetlands vs. nearshore habitats, and may explain the difference in size selectivity. Our laboratory experiment suggests pike hatched in wetland environments have greater access to preferred, large cladoceran prey, and differences in spatial and temporal spawning distributions may have important implications for zooplankton availability and hence food consumption during the critical larval period.
Cable bacteria promote DNRA through iron sulfide dissolution
Authors: Kessler Adam J. , Wawryk Michaela , Marzocchi Ugo , Roberts Keryn L. , Wong Wei Wen , Risgaard‐Petersen Nils , Meysman Filip J. R. , Glud Ronnie N. , Cook Perran L. M. 
Published: December 2018

AbstractCable bacteria represent a newly discovered group of filamentous microorganisms, which are capable of spatially separating the oxidative and reductive half‐reactions of their sulfide‐oxidizing metabolisms over centimeter distances. We investigated three ways that cable bacteria might interact with the nitrogen (N) cycle: (1) by reducing nitrate through denitrification or dissimilatory nitrate reduction to ammonium (DNRA) within their cathodic cells; (2) by nitrifying ammonium within their anodic cells; and (3) by indirectly affecting denitrification and/or DNRA by changing the Fe2+ concentration in the surrounding sediment. We performed 15N labeling laboratory experiments to measure these three processes using cable bacteria containing sediments from the Yarra River, Australia, and from Vilhelmsborg Sø, Denmark. Our results revealed that in the targeted systems, cable bacteria themselves did not perform significant rates of denitrification, DNRA, or nitrification. However, cable bacteria exhibited an important indirect effect, whereby they increased the Fe2+ pool through iron sulfide dissolution. This elevated availability of Fe2+ significantly increased DNRA and in some cases decreased denitrification. Thus, cable bacteria presence may affect the relative importance of DNRA in sediments and thus the extent by which bioavailable nitrogen is lost from the system.
Planar master integrals for the two-loop light-fermion electroweak corrections to Higgs plus jet production
Authors: Becchetti Matteo , Bonciani Roberto , Casconi Valerio , Del Duca Vittorio , Moriello Francesco 
Published: December 2018

AbstractWe present the analytic calculation of the planar master integrals which contribute to compute the two-loop light-fermion electroweak corrections to the production of a Higgs boson in association with a jet in gluon-gluon fusion. The complete dependence on the electroweak-boson mass is retained. The master integrals are evaluated by means of the differential equations method and the analytic results are expressed in terms of multiple polylogarithms up to weight four.
Heavy Higgs boson decays in the alignment limit of the 2HDM
Authors: Grzadkowski Bohdan , Haber Howard E. , Ogreid Odd Magne , Osland Per 
Published: December 2018

AbstractThe Standard Model (SM)-like couplings of the observed Higgs boson impose strong constraints on the structure of any extended Higgs sector. We consider the theoretical properties and the phenomenological implications of a generic two Higgs doublet model (2HDM). This model constitutes a simple and attractive extension of the SM that is consistent with the observation of the SM-like Higgs boson and precision electroweak observables, while providing a potential new source of CP-violation. In this paper we focus on the so-called Higgs alignment limit of the generic 2HDM, where the neutral scalar fieldH1, with the tree-level couplings of the SM Higgs boson, is a mass eigenstate that is aligned in field space with the direction of the Higgs vacuum expectation value. The properties of the two other heavier neutral Higgs scalars,H2andH3, in the alignment limit of the 2HDM are also elucidated. It is shown that the couplings ofH2andH3in the alignment limit are tightly constrained and correlated. For example, in the exact alignment limit at tree level, for bosonic final states BR(H2,3→W+W−, ZZ, H1Z) = 0 and BR(H±→W±H1) = 0, whereas for fermionic final states Γ(H2→ff¯)/Γ(H3→ff¯) ∼M2/M3(whereMαis the mass ofHα). In some cases, the results of the alignment limit differ depending on whether or not alignment is achieved via the decoupling of heavy scalar states. In particular, in the exact alignment limit without decoupling BR(H2,3→H1H1) = 0, whereas these branching ratios are nonzero in the decoupling regime. Observables that could be used to test the alignment scenario at the LHC are defined and discussed. The couplings of the Higgs bosons away from their exact alignment values are determined to leading order, and some consequences are elucidated.
Reequilibration Processes Occurring in Plagioclase‐Hosted Melt Inclusions From Plagioclase Ultraphyric Basalts
Authors: Drignon Mélissa J. , Nielsen Roger L. , Tepley Frank J. , Bodnar Robert J. 
Published: December 2018

AbstractPlagioclase‐hosted melt inclusions are infrequently used to investigate magmatic processes owing to the perception that they are less robust than olivine‐hosted inclusions. Based on a set of time series experiments ranging from 30 min to 4 days, we demonstrate that plagioclase‐hosted melt inclusions can preserve the original (primitive) magmatic signal if steps are taken to correct for post entrapment crystallization. Diffusion within plagioclase‐hosted melt inclusions is sufficiently fast that the melt inclusions can be homogenized within 30 min through heating experiments. As heating time increases, the composition of melt inclusions drifts. We attribute this longer‐term phenomenon to plastic deformation of the host plagioclase (crystal relaxation) inducing a decrease in the internal pressure in the melt inclusion combined with diffusion of elements across the host/melt inclusion interface. The rate of chemical reequilibration within melt inclusions is limited by the much slower rate of diffusion within the solid host. Indeed, the host/melt inclusion partition coefficient for MgO decreases by 25% from the 30‐min to the 4‐day experiments. Our results suggest that the primary character of plagioclase‐hosted melt inclusions can be recovered if one recognizes and corrects for the effects of the complex physical and chemical processes that occur during melt inclusion homogenization.