bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Limit load evaluation of inlet pigtail pipe bends with ovality under in-plane bending
Authors: Ramaswami Palanisamy , Velmurugan Palanisamy Senthil , Moganapriya Chinnasamy , Rajasekar Rathanasamy 
Published: March 2019

AbstractThe prediction of limit load on inlet pigtail pipe bends employed in a hydrogen reformer is one of the unresolved engineering tasks in chemical industries. This is because of the uncertainty and required extrapolation of the applicable data. In practice, the cross section of the inlet pigtail pipe bend becomes non-circular due to the bending process. This irregularity in shape extends when pipes are subjected to in-plane bending moment during plant operation. Ovality is the shape imperfection in a pipe bend considered for the present study. It affects the load carrying capacity and life cycle of the pipe bend. A three-dimensional finite element method is used to model and analyze a stand-alone, long radius inlet pigtail pipe bend. The pipe bend is modeled with a shape irregularity for which the percent ovality varies from 0 to 20. By considering ovality, it is shown that there is a significant effect in limit load due to in-plane bending moment. Also, the stress induced in the pipe bend geometry increases with the percentage of ovality. The allowable levels are obtained from finite elements analysis, considering various bend factors, and the closed form limit load solution is proposed, including the effect of ovality in pipe bend.
Synthesis of graphene oxide with superhydrophilicity and well-defined sheet size distribution
Authors: Hu Xuebing , Yu Yun , Bai Huaqi , Zhang Xiaozhen , Wang Yongqing , Zhou Jianer 
Published: March 2019

AbstractGraphene oxide exhibits many unique physicochemical properties and has been investigated widely in many areas. For the present contribution, graphene oxide, using flake graphite as a graphite precursor has been prepared by means of the modified Hummers method. By adjusting the oxidation processes, different graphene oxide products have been obtained. By characterizing the structure and performance of these graphene oxide products, it was discovered that graphene oxide prepared with a greater oxidant content and over a longer reaction time has a well-defined sheet size distribution and exhibits superhydrophilicity. The present work provides a simple method to control the sheet size distribution and the hydrophilicity of graphene oxide by simply adjusting the oxidation process.
Further Fractography and Particular Fracture Appearances
Authors: Lindner N. , Pohl M. 
Published: March 2019

Abstract
In fractography, different fracture surfaces are examined and described with regard to their appearance and morphology. In this context, the fracture surface carries information on the fracture event and on the material, as the morphology reflects the microstructure as well as the physical properties. In the course of this work it is show that the fractographic examination may go beyond just viewing the fracture surfaces. In addition to that, some fracture appearances are presented that are rarely encountered in practice.
Theoretical and Experimental Studies on Tribological Behavior of Luffa Fiber Reinforced Polyester under the Influence of Surface Treatment
Authors: Kalusuraman G. , Siva I. , Anand Kumar S. 
Published: March 2019

Abstract
In the present study, the influence of surface modification treatments such as alkali, silane and Ca(OH)2 on luffa fiber reinforced composites has been investigated. In addition, the design of experiment and Taguchi method were used for optimizing the wear resistance of composites. Statistical regression analysis was also used to develop mathematical model for specific wear rate and coefficient of friction. The dry sliding wear tests were conducted through pin-on-disc equipment as per ASTM G99 for the varying sliding velocity. Surface modifications of luffa fiber reinforced composites such as NaOH, Silane and Ca(OH)2 cause an increase wear resistance. It was observed that the Ca(OH)2 treatment to luffa fiber improves wear resistance significantly compared to NaOH and silane treatment. In particular, luffa fiber (with 30 wt.%) reinforced composites at a normal load of 10 N have higher wear resistance among other Ca(OH)2 treated composites. Depending upon load, velocity of sliding and sliding distance, fiber weight percentage used in this study, wear resistance can be ranked as Ca(OH)2> Silane >NaOH> untreated luffa fiber reinforced composites. The worn surface morphologies of composites with different condition are discussed. The developed statistical regression mathematical equations predictions were in good agreement with experimental data. It is noted that the developed model may be used to successfully predict the tribological behavior of luffa fiber reinforced composites.
ПРОБЛЕМАТИКА МЕТОДУ ФІЗИЧНИХ ДІЙ К. С. СТАНІСЛАВСЬКОГО В КОНТЕКСТІ СУЧАСНОГО ТЕАТРАЛЬНОГО ПРОЦЕСУ
Authors: Павловський Володимир Володимирович 
Published: March 2019

Мета роботи. Дослідити проблематику «Методу фізичних дій» (МФД) К. Станіславського в контексті сучасного театрального процесу та визначити психологічні механізми активізації сценічних почуттів актора-образу. Методологія дослідження передбачає застосування структурно-функціонального, дедуктивно-гіпотетичного методу, що дозволяє аналізувати структурні елементи, принципи МФД і формулювати власні гіпотези. Наукова новизна дослідження полягає в тому, що вперше досліджена проблематика МФД К. С. Станіславського на основі психології творчості й визначені психофізичні механізми активації сценічних почуттів актора на шляху до створення сценічного образу. Висновки. К. С. Станіславський заснував МФД на принципі єдності фізичного й психічного існування актора на сцені та експериментально розвивав його в театральній педагогіці. Наразі окремі теоретичні засади «методу» переосмислюються практиками театру, і він розвивається в межах «Методу дієвого аналізу» та «Етюдного методу». Сучасний театральний процес збагачується науковими концепціями, які визначають продуктивні механізми активації сценічних почуттів актора на шляху до створення сценічного образу.
ЖАНРОВО-СТИЛЬОВІ ОСОБЛИВОСТІ ТВОРЧОСТІ УКРАЇНСЬКИХ КОМПОЗИТОРІВ КІНЦЯ ХІХ – ПОЧАТКУ ХХ ст.
Authors: Аксьонов Олександр Борисович 
Published: March 2019

Мета дослідження – здійснити системний аналіз творчості провідних українських композиторів кін. XIX – поч. ХХ ст. з позиції жанрово-стильової своєрідності. Методи дослідження складає комплекс методів: аналізу та синтезу – для вивчення стану наукової розробленості теми, історико-типологічний – з метою з’ясування жанрової специфіки музичних творів, культурно-історичний – для висвітлення їхніх стильових ознак. Наукова новизна роботи полягає в розширенні уявлень про жанрово-стильові особливості музичного мистецтва українських композиторів кін. XIX – поч. ХХ ст., значення їхньої творчої діяльності для музичної культури України. Висновки. У статті наголошено, що поетична й музична обдарованість українського народу забезпечила високий рівень жанрово-стильового розвитку професійної музичної творчості, в якому відбувалися значні зрушення: збагачувалася тематика (теми демократії, соціального протесту та ін.), продукувалися жанри гімну, веснянки,опери, нові види міської пісенної лірики та ін., відкрилися культурно-мистецькі заклади, утворилася національна композиторська музична школа, яка згодом набуде розвитку і в Україні, і за її межами. Українська музика в цей період розвивалася в тісному зв’язку із життям народу, його внутрішнім буттям та боротьбою за своє соціальне й національне визволення.
ОСОБЛИВОСТІ ГАРМОНІЇ МУЗИЧНОГО СТИЛЮ «BEBOP»
Authors: Журба Володимир Валерійович 
Published: March 2019

Мета роботи. Метою статті є виявлення основних принципів гармонічного розвитку музичного стилю bebop. Методологія дослідження полягає в застосуванні музикознавчого та компаративного аналізу. Наукова новизна. У результаті проведеного дослідження, вперше в українському музикознавстві виявлені характерні риси музичного стилю bebop. Також, проведений порівняльний аналіз характерних елементів гармонічного розвитку у традиційному джазі та в музичному стилі bebop, висвітлені питання щодо їх спорідненості, виявлені новаторські риси музичного стилю bebop. Висновки. Складові елементи музичної мови стилю bebop та, зокрема, гармонія є похідними від музичних стилів джазової музики передуючих йому. Але в межах саме стилю bebop вони набули чималого розширення та змін, що, насамперед, вплинуло на початок формування музичної мови сучасного джазу.
L'inventaire forestier comme méthode de caractérisation spatiale de l'aléa chute de pierres
Authors: Mainieri Robin , Lopez-Saez Jérôme , Corona Christophe , Stoffel Markus , Mermin Eric , Bourrier Franck , Eckert Nicolas 
Published: March 2019

The contribution of tree inventories to the spatial characterisation of the rockfall hazard
Rockfall is one of the most frequent natural hazards in mountain areas. The characterisation of rockfall activity in terms of frequency, intensity (energy) and dispersion (run-out distance) is essential for risk management, but is extremely complex due to the diffuse nature of this hazard and the gaps in historical records. In this study we show that trees can be reliable bioindicators to reconstruct rockfall activity. Our method is based on the combination of a systematic mapping of all trees (location, breast height diameter, species) and the complete recording of all visible scars. On an area of one hectare in the municipality of Saint-Guillaume (Vercors massif, French Alps) we recorded 793 trees and 2333 scars. The spatial distribution of the tree species and scars was used to locate the most active source areas and the most important rockfall trajectories and to show the decreasing rockfall activity with increasing distance to the source area and thus also the protective effect of the forest. The approach is particularly valuable in areas where historical records are lacking. It can be used in the future to 1) refine hazard zoning and 2) calibrate rockfall models. Thanks to the recorded tree data, the area could also be used as a marteloscope for practicing silvicultural interventions in the rockfall protection forest.
STRATIFICATION IN TOPSOIL: A PRELIMINARY ANALYSIS OF BACTERIAL BIODIVERSITY AT TWO SITES IN SAN ANTONIO, TEXAS
Authors: Treviño K. N. , Starkey D. E. 
Published: March 2019

Abstract
The purpose of this study was to determine whether the A horizon (topsoil) exhibits stratification across two depths, 1 cm and 4 cm. Two sites in San Antonio, TX, were chosen to address this question. The first was on the campus of the University of the Incarnate Word. The second was adjacent to the university in the Headwaters Sanctuary. At each locality, soil samples were analyzed in order to examine the morphological diversity of bacteria across site and depth. Preliminary results suggest that the bacterial biodiversity is different when depths are considered as a single entity versus individually. These finding have implications for investigations into soil biodiversity and suggest that in order to gain an accurate estimate of bacterial biodiversity in topsoil multiple depths within this layer of soil should be examined.
Masyarakat Ekonomi ASEAN 2015: Antara Musibah Dan Berkah Bagi UMKM Indonesia
Authors: Utami Sulistyo Seti 
Published: March 2019

In the near future ASEAN Economic Community (AEC) will soon be carried out in ASEAN countries; it has become an interesting issue for various parties, such as government, private businessmen, entrepreneurs, professionals, economists, academicians, etc. However, until at present we still don’t clearly know which sectors of Indonesia will become the one which is a primary. Even with the variety and number of Micro, Small, and medium Enterprises (UMKMs) which are now available almost up to 98,9%, they will become problems for Indonesia in facing the AEC market. Due to of most the UMKMs still don’t have strong competitiveness to enter the common market of ASEAN. In addition, they, UMKMs, still haven’t realized and even haven’t still understood yet what ASEAN common market is, even though it will be applied soon in our country in 2015. Factually, there are a lot of UMKMs in Indonesia that must be seriously paid attention and protected by our government. Our country must be able to make UMKM sectors to become a strong economic base for Indonesia. Referring to the idea above, this writing will try to describe what problems will be faced by UMKMs in entering ASEAN Common Market or AEC market and will also try to explain how UMKMs could become excellent sectors especially on their products which have local advantages which are owned by Indonesia.
Analisis Kadar Air dan Total Petroleum Hydrocarbon (TPH) dari Proses Bioremediasi Limbah Oli dengan Metode Pengomposan
Authors: Yahya Husnawati 
Published: March 2019

<p>Engine oil waste is a pollutant that causes environmental pollution and risk for human health. Bioremediation is one of the solutions to solve this problem. In this research, engine oil waste was remediation by composting method. The composting process was conducted in Environmental Engineering laboratory for 35 days. Water Content and total petroleum hydrocarbon (TPH) was analyzed in Chemical Engineering laboratory to show the degrada-tion of engine oil waste by combining of liquid fertilizer and compost. The result showed that Total Petroleum Hydrocarbon (TPH) of engine oil waste degradation reached 81% in sample 8 (by combined 8 mL of liquid or-ganic fertilizer and 300 g of compost soil). Sample 12 (by combined 2 mL of liquid organic fertilizer and 500 g of compost soil) also showed the same result</p>
Studi Hubungan Antara Faktor Lingkungan Fisik Rumah Dengan Penderita TB Paru BTA di Aceh Selatan
Authors: Mawardi Mawardi , Sambera Rychad , Hamisah Irma 
Published: March 2019

<p>Pulmonary TB is a world problem especially in developing countries including Indonesia. In Indonesia, it is estimated that every year 450,000 new cases of pulmonary TB appear with death estimated at 175,000 per year. his study aims to determine the relationship between physical environmental factors of houses with pulmonary TB patients with AFB (+) at Lhok Bengkuang Health Center, Tapaktuan Subdistrict, South Aceh Regency in 2018. The population in this study were pulmonary TB patients smear (+) recorded in the case data report in the working area of Lhok Bengkuang Health Center, Tapaktuan Subdistrict, South Aceh Regency in 2017, which is 36 patients with pulmonary TB (+) and 36 non-pulmonary TB sufferers. The results of the nivariate study showed 52.8% of respondents with occupant density did not meet the requirements, 55.6% of respondents with house floors did not meet the requirements, 51.4% of respondents with lighting did not meet the requirements, 51.4% of respondents with house ventilation did not meet the requirements . The results of bivariate analysis showed that there was a relationship between occupant density (P value = 0.001), house floor (P value = 0.015), lighting (P value = 0.034), ventilation (P value = 0.038) with pulmonary TB patients with AFB (+) in the area of Lhok Bengkuang District Health Center, Tapaktuan Subdistrict, South Aceh Regency.</p>
Mitochondria: the birth place, battle ground and the site of melatonin metabolism in cells
Authors: Tan Dun-Xian , Reiter Russel. J. 
Published: March 2019

It was a surprising discovery when mitochondria,
as the power houses of cells, were also found to synthesize the potent
mitochondrial targeted antioxidant, melatonin. The melatonin synthetic enzyme serotonin
N-acetyltransferase (SNAT) was found in matrix and also in the intermembrane space
of mitochondria. We hypothesize that the melatonin synthesis occurs in the matrix
due to substrate (N-acetyl co-enzyme A) availability while the intermembrane
space may serve as the recycling pool of SNAT to regulate the melatonin
circadian rhythm. Another surprise was that the melatonin membrane receptors,
including MT1 and MT2, were also present in mitochondria. The protective
effects of melatonin against neuronal injury induced by brain ischemia/reperfusion
were proven to be mainly mediated by mitochondrial melatonin receptors rather
than the cell surface membrane receptors which is contrary to the classical
principle. In addition, melatonin metabolic enzyme has also been identified in
the mitochondria. This enzyme can convert melatonin to N-acetylserotonin to
strengthen the antitumor effects of melatonin. Thus, mitochondria are the
generator, battle ground and metabolic sites of melatonin. The biological
significance of the strong association between mitochondria and melatonin
should be intensively investigated.
Yield Performance and Blast Susceptibility of SomeWheat (Triticum aestivum) Varieties in Jashore
Authors: Islam R , Mamun Abdullah Al , Alam M Jahangir , Anwar MB , Hakim MA 
Published: March 2019

A trial was conducted during 2015-16 to 2017-18 at the Regional Agricultural Research Station (RARS) of Bangladesh Agricultural Research Institute (BARI), Jashore to select some tolerant varieties against wheat blast. Fourteen varieties including eight old varieties (Sonalika, Kanchan, Sourav, Gourab, Shatabdi, Sufi, Bijoy, Prodip) and six newly released varieties (BARI Gom 25, BARI Gom 26, BARI Gom 27, BARI Gom 28, BARI Gom 29 and BARI Gom 30) were evaluated. The experiments were non-replicated and were planted in two sowing dates, at optimum (mid November) and late (mid December) conditions. Three irrigations were applied, at crown root initiation (CRI), heading and grain filling stages. Plants of border rows were inoculated by Magnaporthe oryzae triticum (MoT) spores (104 conidia ml-1) for infection once per week from three weeks after sowing until primary infection was observed. The significantly higher grain yield was observed in 2016-17 (3505 kg ha-1) which was similar to 2017-18 (3448 kg ha-1) and the lowest was in 2015-16 (1680 kg ha-1). The higher grain yield was obtained due to the higher grains spike-1 (45 no.) and 1000 grain weight (36.6 g) and lower blast disease incidence (% blast index 18.1%). In all three years, there was heavy infection of wheat blast in late sowing condition (% blast index 40.7) compared to the optimum sowing condition (% blast index 1.4), resulting in very poor crop yield (1696 kg ha-1). Among the varieties, the variety Gourab produced the highest yield (3395 kg ha-1) which was similar to the newly released variety BARI Gom 28 (3196 kg ha-1) and BARI Gom 30 (3134 kg ha-1). In case of blast disease severity, old varieties were less infested with some exception in Sonalika and Kanchan. On the other hand, BARI Gom 25 and BARI Gom 26 were more susceptible (% blast index 35.3-36.5) to wheat blast compared to BARI Gom 28 and BARI Gom 30 (% blast index 20.2-22.5).
The Agriculturists 2018; 16(2) 65-74
Impact of Rice Husk Biochar on Growth, Water Relations and Yield of Maize (Zea mays L.) under Drought Condition
Authors: Shashi MA , Mannan MA , Islam MM , Rahman MM 
Published: March 2019

The present experiment was conducted to study the impact of rice husk biochar on growth, water relations and yield of maize (BARI Hybrid Bhutta- 9) under drought (60 and 40% of FC) conditions. Four doses of rice husk biochar @ 0, 5, 10 and 20 t/ha were applied as an amendment in soil before sowing of seeds. Results revealed that drought stress reduced plant height, relative water content and grain yield of maize. But rice husk biochar at different doses improved the above mentioned characters under drought conditions. Under 60% of FC, the highest plan height, leaf water content and yield were 196.67 cm, 79.86% and 89.75 g/plant, respectively when biochar was applied @ 20 t/ha but it was 173.33 cm, 78.32% and 84.57 g/plant, respectively under 40% of FC when biochar was applied at the same dose. It may be concluded that, rice husk biochar @ 20 t/ha showed the best result to promote growth, water relation traits and yield of maize under drought condition.
The Agriculturists 2018; 16(2) 93-101
A Socio-economic Analysis of Private Plant Nursery Business in Bangladesh
Authors: Mamun Al , Rahman Arifur , Afrooz Nabihatul 
Published: March 2019

This study was conducted to examine the socio-economic condition, profitability, and marketing channel of small-scale private plant nurseries in Bangladesh. The study is based on survey data collected from 105 respondents from the Dhaka metropolitan area, Savar Upazila and two Upazilas of Gazipur District during January-March 2018 using a structured questionnaire. The study reveals that about 74 percent of private plant nursery established on government land in Dhaka metropolitan area, whereas in Gazipur and Savar areas the nurseries are mostly on the rented property which is 68 percent and 56 percent respectively. The average land size of the nursery is 9.06 decimal in Dhaka metropolitan area, 182.06 decimal in Gazipur and 121.18 decimal in Savar area. The average length of the business is 12 years where more than 80 percent of the firms are run by sole ownership. The average annual income using per decimal land from the plant nursery business is Tk.76,411 in Dhaka, Tk.7,066 in Gazipur and Tk.10,085 in Savar. The benefit-cost ratio is 1.53, 1.51 and 1.52 per decimal for Dhaka, Gazipur and Savar areas, respectively. Usually, two intermediaries such as wholesalers and retailers are involved in the plant nursery business. Although plant nursery business is a profitable enterprise, however, the owners are facing numerous problems which need to be improved in order to the smooth expansion of the nursery business in Bangladesh.
The Agriculturists 2018; 16(2) 102-114
Water Pollution in Chandpai Range of the Sundarbans Mangrove Forest of Bangladesh
Authors: Azam AKM Faruk E , Anisuzzaman Md , Maniruzzaman Muhammad , Uddin Md Nizam , Zabir Abdullah Al 
Published: March 2019

The present study was conducted to assess the water quality at Chandpai range in Bagerhat district of the Sundarbans Mangrove Forest of Bangladesh. Seven water samples were collected during July to December 2014. The water were analyzed for pH, EC, P, K, S, Ca, Mg, Cu, Mn, Zn, Fe and B. The EC values of rivers and canals water were found higher than that of the ponds. River waters of Chandpai range were detected as neutral to slightly alkaline. Waters from Karamjalkhal (Lake), Pasur river, Nandabala canal and Ismails Chila were found strongly saline (EC, 8-12 dSm-1), Bholakhal (lake) was moderately saline (EC, 4-8 dSm-1) and Boiddomari and Dashervarani ponds were poorly saline (EC<4 dSm-1) in nature. The concentrations of K, Ca, Mg, S, Zn and B were found higher and P, Cu and Mn were lower at higher EC levels. The concentrations of K, S, Cu and B in most of the rivers exceeded the permissible level for aquaculture.
The Agriculturists 2018; 16(2) 123-130