bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Predictive value of microRNA let-7a expression for efficacy and prognosis of radiotherapy in patients with lung cancer brain metastasis
Authors: Liu Ji-Kuan , Liu Hong-Feng , Ding Yong , Gao Guo-Dong 
Published: October 2018

Abstract

Background:
As a well-known cancer with high mortality, lung cancer has been implied to be closely associated with brain metastasis. Despite notable advances, effective treatment methods are still in urgent need. This study aims to investigate the value of serum microRNA-let-7a (miR-let-7a) expression in predicting efficacy and prognosis of radiotherapy in patients with lung cancer brain metastasis.

Methods:
To begin with, reverse transcription quantitative polymerase chain reaction (RT-qPCR) was performed for better understand of the correlation between miR-let-7a and lung cancer. Afterwards, the relationship between serum miR-let-7a expression and radiotherapy efficacy was analyzed by receiver operating characteristic curve analysis. Following successful transfection, RT-qPCR and Western blot assay were utilized for evaluating the involvement of miR-let-7a in regulation of DICER1 expression in lung cancer cell line. Then, whether miR-let-7a was implicated in proliferation and cell cycle distribution of lung cancer cells were confirmed by cell counting kit-8 assay and flow cytometry respectively.

Results:
Initially, it was revealed that serum miR-let-7a expression was decreased in lung cancer. Later, we found that decreased miR-let-7a displayed an unfavorable role in radiotherapy efficacy and overall survival rate of patients with lung cancer brain metastasis. After the successful transfection, the inverse relationship between miR-let-7a and DICER1 expression was uncovered. Meanwhile, biological behaviors of lung cancer cells were presented to be limited after transfection of overexpressed miR-let-7a.

Conclusion:
Our findings demonstrated that the lower expression of miR-let-7a in patients with lung cancer brain metastasis was closely related to unfavorable efficacy and prognosis of radiotherapy, and it may be an important predictive biomarker by regulation of DICER1.
Reference values of bioelectrical impedance analysis for detecting breast cancer-related lymphedema
Authors: Jung Minji , Jeon Jae Yong , Yun Gi Jeong , Yang Seoyon , Kwon Sara , Seo Yu Jin 
Published: October 2018

Abstract
Secondary lymphedema is a chronic debilitating lifelong complication and early diagnosis is crucial. The Inbody 720, which is widely used, has no universal index of diagnostic criteria for test results. We aim to determine the normal range, cutoff values, and mean + standard deviation values of extracellular fluid (ECF) and the single frequency bioimpedance (SFBIA) ratios for the diagnosis of lymphedema and suggest the usefulness of these values for detecting lymphedema.
Seventy patients with unilateral breast cancer-related lymphedema and 643 healthy subjects were enrolled. All patients with breast cancer underwent surgeries with dissection of lymph nodes. We analyzed the ECF volume, SFBIA at 1- and 5-kHz frequencies using Inbody 720.
There were significant differences between patients with BCRL and healthy controls. The optimal cutoff values for ECF ratios were 1.010 for both the dominant and non-dominant arms. At 1 kHz, the cutoff values of SFBIA were 1.050 and 1.046, and at 5 kHz, those were 1.070 and 1.030 for the dominant and non-dominant affected arms, respectively. The mean + 2SD values for ECF ratio were 1.018 and 1.020 and at 1 kHz, the mean + 2SD values of SFBIA were 1.144 and 1.0135 and at 5 kHz, the cutoff values of SFBIA were 1.141 and 1.124 for the dominant and non-dominant affected arms, respectively. The mean + 3SD values for ECF ratio were 1.026 and 1.030 and at 1 kHz, the mean + 3SD values of SFBIA were 1.206 and 1.203 and at 5 kHz, those were 1.201 and 1.187 for the arms, respectively. The cutoff, mean + 2SD, and mean + 3SD values were applied to 70 patients with unilateral BCRL. When the cutoff values were applied, a higher proportion of BCRL patients were included.
When these figures were applied to the patient group, the cutoff values included a higher proportion of patients with lymphedema. Further studies are needed to investigate whether bioimpedance analysis can accurately predict the development of lymphedema.
Compressive optic neuropathy secondary to Ewing sarcoma in the paranasal sinus
Authors: Lee Min Jee , Kang Min Ho , Yeom Jong Hun , Yeom Hoseok , Seong Mincheol , Cho Heeyoon , Shin Yong Un 
Published: October 2018

Abstract

Rationale:
Ewing sarcoma localized in the paranasal sinuses, compressing the optic nerve, is very rare, with no prior case reports

Patient concerns:
A 68-year-old woman presented with decreased visual acuity in her left eye and paresthesia of the left face. Brain magnetic resonance imaging showed heterogeneously enhancing mass in the left paranasal sinuses with adjacent bone destruction, extending to the extraocular muscles and optic nerve of the left orbit. A biopsy of the nasal cavity confirmed Ewing sarcoma.

Diagnosis:
Compressive optic neuropathy secondary to Ewing sarcoma in the paranasal sinuses.

Intervention:
Neoadjuvant chemotherapy and radiotherapy were performed.

Outcomes:
Resolution of the tumor and increased visual acuity and field of the left eye.

Lessons:
Primary head and neck Ewing sarcoma can lead to compressive optic neuropathy, but the tumor responded well to the chemotherapy. Early diagnosis and immediate treatment by close cooperation between the ophthalmologist and oncologist can prevent from permanent visual loss.
Chinese herbal medicine for dyslipidemia: protocol for a systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: He Caihong , Fu Peng , Zhang Kexin , Xia Qing , Yang Yunmei , Xie Liangzhen 
Published: October 2018

Abstract

Background:
Dyslipidemia is commonly characterized by the abnormal quantity and quality of lipids in plasma, which is strongly associated with an increased risk of cardiovascular disease and also a major cause of morbidity and even leads to mortality. In China and East Asia, Chinese herbal medicine has been widely used to treat diverse diseases for thousands of years. As an important means of traditional Chinese medicine treatment, Chinese herbal medicine plays a more important role in the treatment of dyslipidemia. The aim of this study is to assess the efficacy and safety of Chinese herbal medicine for dyslipidemia.

Methods:
Seven electronic databases (included The Cochrane Library, MEDLINE, Embase, CNKI, VIP, CBM, and WANGFANG) will be searched regardless of publication date or language. Randomized controlled trials will be included if they recruited participants with dyslipidemia for assessing the effect of Chinese herbal medicine vs control (placebo, no treatment, and other therapeutic agents). Primary outcomes will include serum lipid and advent events. Two authors will independently scan the articles searched, extract the data from articles included, and assess the risk of bias by Cochrane tool of risk of bias. Disagreements will be resolved by discussion among authors. All analysis will be performed based on the Cochrane Handbook for Systematic Reviews of Interventions. Dichotomous variables will be reported as risk ratio or odds ratio with 95% confidence intervals (CIs) and continuous variables will be summarized as mean difference or standard mean difference with 95% CIs.

Results:
This review will be to assess the efficacy and safety of Chinese herbal medicine for dyslipidemia.

Conclusions:
Our findings will assist clinicians and health professionals make clinical decisions regarding dyslipidemia prevention, and promising way for prevention and treatment of patients with dyslipidemia.

Ethics and dissemination:
This study is a protocol for systematic review of Chinese herbal medicine as a treatment of dyslipidemia. This review will be published in a journal and disseminated in print by peer-review.

Systematic review registration:
PROSPERO (CRD42018085556).
Expression of estrogen receptor, progesterone receptor, human epidermal growth factor receptor 2, and Ki-67 in ductal carcinoma in situ (DCIS) and DCIS with microinvasion
Authors: Wan Zhi-Bin , Gao Hong-Yi , Wei Lian , Zhang An-Qin , Zhang Jiang-Yu , Wang Yi , Wang Dong-Dong , Zhang Yan 
Published: October 2018

Abstract
Ductal carcinoma in situ (DCIS) represents a heterogeneous disease in its histologic appearance and biological potential. Some women treated for DCIS subsequently develop invasive breast cancer. DCIS with microinvasion is considered as the interim stage in the progression from DCIS to invasive breast cancer. Analysis of the differences between DCIS and DCIS with microinvasion may aid in understanding the characteristic of DCIS with microinvasion and identifying biological factors determining progression of DCIS to invasive disease.
Retrospective analysis of 219 cases between 2012 and 2018 was performed in our institution. The pathological results and axillary lymph nodes status were collected. Analysis of the expression of estrogen receptor (ER), progesterone receptor (PR), human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER-2), and Ki-67 in pure DCIS (164 cases), and DCIS with microinvasion (55 cases) using immunohistochemistry.
DCIS with microinvasion had a higher nuclear grade (P < .001) and was more likely to have sentinel lymph node biopsy (SLNB) positivity (P = .039) than DCIS. Expression of ER, PR were significantly higher in DCIS compared with DCIS with microinvasion (P < .001, P < .001). While the expression of HER-2 in DCIS with microinvasion (56.4%) was significantly higher than in DCIS (36.6%, P = .01). Furthermore, DCIS with microinvasion was significantly more likely to have aggressive subtype (Triple-negative and HER2-enriched tumors, P = .005).
Our results indicated that DCIS with microinvasion was different from pure DCIS in clinicopathologic characteristics and molecular alterations. It displayed a more aggressive biological nature than pure DCIS. It may be a distinct entity.
Neutrophil to lymphocyte ratio predicts island sign in patients with intracranial hemorrhage
Authors: Zhang Fan , Qian Juan , Tao Chuanyuan , Wang Yuelong , Lin Sen , You Chao , Yang Mu 
Published: October 2018

Abstract
Our previously studies indicated that inflammatory responses are involved in the hematoma expansion (HE) after intracranial hemorrhage (ICH) ictus. Here, we aim to evaluate the correlations among the ratio of neutrophil to lymphocyte ratio (NLR), HE, and island sign in patients with ICH.
Patients with spontaneous ICH were retrospectively included. Clinical characteristics, imaging features, and laboratory parameters were obtained. Multivariable analysis was performed to evaluate the association of NLR with HE or island sign. Receiver-operator analysis was also used to estimate their predictive abilities for HE and its imaging features.
A total of 279 patients were enrolled in present study, and 78 patients had early hematoma growth, while 43 of them exhibited island sign. Elevation of both leukocyte (odds ratio [OR] 1.136, 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.037–1.245, P < .01) and neutrophil absolute numbers (OR 1.169, 95% CI 1.065–1.284, P < .01), as well as reduction of lymphocyte counts (OR 0.052, 95% CI 0.016–0.167, P < .01) were strongly associated with the existence of island sign. Moreover, despite the predictive ability of NLR on the existence of island sign (OR 1.063, 95% CI 1.036–1.090, P < .01), it also showed the best predictive accuracy (sensitivity 76.74%, specificity 79.66%, positive predictive value 40.70%, negative predictive value 94.90%, area under the curve 0.817) by comparing with peripheral leukocyte counts.
The NLR could be used as an independently marker for reflecting the island sign in patients with ICH. Our findings indicated that systemic inflammatory responses might be involved in the pathologic process of active bleeding in cerebral.
Banxia Baizhu Tianma decoction for hyperlipidemia
Authors: Cai Hairong , Guo Yongning , Zhao Zicong , Chen Yanhong , Zhao Shuai , Chen Bojun 
Published: October 2018

Abstract

Background:
Hyperlipidemia is one of the most common metabolic diseases worldwide, as well as a leading risk factor for cardio-cerebrovascular diseases. Banxia Baizhu Tianma decoction (BBTD) is widely used for the treatment of hyperlipidemia in China, however, systematic review and meta-analysis regarding its efficacy and safety is lacking. The aim of this protocol of systematic review is to evaluate the effectiveness and safety of BBTD in the treatment of hyperlipidemia.

Methods:
We will include the randomized controlled trials estimating the effectiveness and safety of BBTD in the treatment of hyperlipidemia. Data sources will include 5 English databases (PubMed, EMBASE, Cochrane Library, Web of Science, CINAHL) and 4 Chinese databases (CMB, CNKI, VIP, Wanfang database). The literature to be collected will be from the time when databases were established to September 2018. Efficacy will be accepted as the primary outcome, while blood lipid levels and adverse reactions as the secondary outcome. Study selection, data collection, risk of bias assessment, and evaluation of the quality of the evidence will be conducted by 2 × 2 different reviewers. Statistical syntheses will be conducted by using RevMan software V.5.3.

Results:
This study will provide a high-quality evidence for BBTD on the treatment of hyperlipidemia from efficacy, serum lipid levels, and adverse reactions.

Conclusion:
The result will provide a basis for judging whether BBTD is an effective intervention for the treatment of hyperlipidemia.

PROSPERO registration number:
PROSPERO CRD 42018081359.
An evidence-based approach to assess the accuracy of diffusion kurtosis imaging in characterization of gliomas
Authors: Huang Ruiyu , Chen Yanni , Li Wenfei , Zhang Xvfeng 
Published: October 2018

Abstract

Objective:
Accurate and noninvasive pathologic grading of glioma patients before surgery was crucial to guiding clinicians to select appropriate treatment and improve patient prognosis. This study was performed to investigate the potential diagnostic value of diffusion kurtosis imaging (DKI) to distinguish high-grade gliomas (HGGs) from low-grade gliomas (LGGs) based on an evidence-based approach.

Methods:
Relevant articles that used DKI to distinguish HGG from LGG in Embase, PubMed, China Knowledge Resource Integrated database (CNKI), Web of Knowledge, and Cochrane Libraries databases were electronically searched to April 31, 2018 by 2 reviewers. All analysis was performed by using Meta-disc1.4 and Stata. Influence factors on the diagnostic accuracy were evaluated using meta-regression analysis.

Results:
Five eligible studies were included in this meta-analysis. The pooled sensitivity (SEN) and specificity (SPE) was 91% (confidence interval [CI]: 0.78–0.96; P = .02) and 91% (CI: 0.80–0.97; P = .01). The pooled data showed that diagnostic odds ratio (DOR) of DKI was 79.75 (CI: 31.57–201.45). The area under the curve (AUC) of summary receiver operating characteristic curve was 0.96. There is no evidence that our research has a threshold effect (Spearman correlation coefficient: 0.300, P = .624) and publication bias. Meta regression analysis identified that country, language, field strength, and parameter of magnetic resonance imaging had no significant effect on diagnostic performance.

Conclusion:
The present meta-analysis shows that the mean kurtosis values derived from DKI may be useful in characterization of gliomas with high sensitivity and specificity. Taken into consideration the small sample of this study, we need to be cautious when interpreting the results of this study.
A retrospective study of the efficacy of sofosbuvir plus NS5A inhibitors for patients with hepatitis C virus genotype-2 chronic infection
Authors: Lv Duo-Duo , Wang Meng-Lan , Chen En-Qiang , Wu Dong-Bo , Tao Ya-Chao , Zhang Dong-Mei , Tang Hong 
Published: October 2018

Background
A combination of sofosbuvir (SOF)+NS5A inhibitor therapies is the main treatment for patients with hepatitis C virus (HCV) genotype-2 (GT-2) chronic infection, but the data are rarely reported in China. This study aimed to investigate the virological response and liver fibrosis improvement among GT-2 patients receiving SOF+NS5A inhibitors.

Patients and methods
In this retrospective study, patients who received SOF+NS5A inhibitors between March 2016 and July 2017 were recruited. The treatment duration was 12 weeks and the treatment strategies included SOF+daclatasvir, SOF/ledipasvir, and SOF/velpatasvir. The primary endpoint was a sustained virologic response (serum HCV RNA undetectable) at week 12 after the end of therapy and the secondary endpoint was the improvement in liver stiffness and scores of apartate aminotransferase to platelet ratio index and fibrosis-4.

Results
A total of 30 GT-2 patients were enrolled, with 13 (43.3%) patients in SOF+daclatasvir, 13 (43.3%) patients in SOF/ledipasvir, and four (13.3%) patients in SOF/velpatasvir. All patients [30/30 (100%)] achieved SVR, irrespective of treatment regimens and degree of liver fibrosis. After the treatment, liver fibrosis scores of apartate aminotransferase to platelet ratio index (2.27±2.14 vs. 0.89±0.77, P=0.003) and fibrosis-4 (1.17±1.22 vs. 0.42±0.25, P=0.013) were both significantly lower than those before treatment.

Conclusion
SOF+NS5A inhibitor therapies may induce an excellent virological response and fibrosis improvement in HCV GT-2-infected patients.
The Latin American and Spanish Survey on Nutrition in Pediatric Intensive Care (ELAN-CIP2)*
Authors: Campos-Miño Santiago , López-Herce Cid Jesús , Figueiredo Delgado Artur , Muñoz Benavides Eliana , Coss-Bu Jorge A. 
Published: November 2018

Objective:
To characterize the practices of nutritional support in Latin American and Spanish PICUs.

Design:
Survey with a questionnaire sent to Latin American Society of Pediatric Intensive Care members.

Setting:
PICUs of participant hospitals.

Patients:
Critically ill children between 1 month and 18 years old.

Interventions:
None.

Measurements and Main Results:
Forty-seven surveys from 17 countries were analyzed. Sixty-seven percent of PICUs were from university-affiliated hospitals, with a median of 380 admissions/yr. Sixty-eight percent and 48.9% had a nutritional support team and nutritional support protocol, respectively. Seventy-five percent completed nutritional evaluations, with 34.2% at admission. PICUs with high-volume admissions were likely to have a nutritional support team (p < 0.005), and university-affiliated hospitals showed a trend of having a nutritional support team (p = 0.056). Measured, estimated, and ideal weights were used in 75%, 14.6%, and 10.4%, respectively. Energy requirements were calculated using Holliday & Segar and Schofield equations in 90% of the PICUs; 43% used correction factors. Only three PICUs had indirect calorimetry. At day 3 of initiation of nutritional support, 57.3% of PICUs provided at least 50% of the calculated energy requirement, and 91.5% at day 5. Protein needs were estimated according to American Society for Parenteral and Enteral Nutrition and European Society for Clinical Nutrition and Metabolism/European Society for Paediatric Gastroenterology Hepatology and Nutrition guidelines in 55.3% and 40.4%, respectively. Enteral nutrition was the preferred feeding method, initiated in 97.7% at 48 hours. The feeding route was gastric (82.9%), by bolus (42.5%) or continuous (57.4%). Monitoring methods included gastric residual measurement in 55.3%. Enteral nutrition was discontinued in 82.8% when gastric residual was 50% of the volume. Prokinetics were used in 68%. More than half of PICUs used parenteral nutrition, with 95.8% of them within 72 hours. Parenteral nutrition was administered by central vein in 93.6%. Undernourished children received parenteral nutrition sooner, whether or not enteral nutrition intolerance was present. When enteral nutrition was not tolerated beyond 72 hours, parenteral nutrition was started in 57.4%. Parenteral nutrition was initiated when enteral nutrition delivered less than 50% in 97%.

Conclusions:
Nutritional practices are heterogeneous in Latin American PICUs, but the majority use nutritional support strategies consistent with international guidelines.
A Human-Machine Coupled System for Efficient Sleep Spindle Detection by Iterative Revision
Authors: Bi Dasheng 
Published: October 2018

AbstractSleep spindles are characteristic events in EEG signals during non-REM sleep, and are known to be important biological markers. Manually labeling spindles by visual inspection, however, has proved to be a tedious task. Automatic detection algorithms generalize weakly for versatile spindle forms, and machine-learning methods require large datasets to train, which are unfeasible to acquire particularly for experimental animal groups. Here, a novel, integrated system based on a process of iterative “Selection-Revision” (iSR) is introduced to aid in the efficient detection of spindles. By coupling low-threshold automatic detection of spindle events based on selected parameters with manual “Revision,” the human task is effectively simplified from searching across signal traces to binary verification. Convergence was observed between resulting spindle sets through iSR, largely independent of their initial labeling, demonstrating the robustness of the method. Although possible breakdown of the revised spindle sets could be seen after multiple rounds of Revision, due to overfitting of the revised set to the initial human labeling, this could be compensated for by a Selection scheme tolerant to higher False-Negative rates of the machine labeling relative to the standard set. It was also found that iSR is generalizable to different datasets, and that initial human labeling could be substituted by low-threshold machine detection. Overall, this human-machine coupled approach allows for fast labeling to obtain consistent spindle sets, which can also be used to train machine-learning models in the future. The principle of iSR may also be applied for many different data types to assist with other pattern detection tasks.Significance StatementElectroencephalography (EEG) recordings are widely adopted in brain research. Abnormalities in the occurrence of particular EEG waveforms, such as sleep spindles, can be used to diagnose psychiatric diseases. Traditionally, human experts have labeled EEG traces for sleep spindles, a time consuming process; automated detection algorithms, however, often yield inaccurate results. This study introduces a new method for efficient sleep spindle detection with a human-machine coupled system that can iteratively revise labeled datasets, enabling convergence towards a robust, accurate spindle labeling. This system eases large-scale sleep spindle detection, which can yield datasets for both biological analyses and for training machine-learning models. Furthermore, the underlying method of iterative revision can be used to analyze other types of patterns efficiently.