bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Departments involved during the first episode of acute heart failure and subsequent emergency department revisits and rehospitalisations: an outlook through the NOVICA cohort
Authors: Miró Òscar , García Sarasola Ana , Fuenzalida Carolina , Calderón Sofía , Jacob Javier , Aguirre Alfons , Wu Da M. , Rizzi Miguel A. , Malchair Pierre , Haro Antonio , Herrera Sergio , Gil Víctor , Martín‐Sánchez Francisco J. , Llorens Pere , Herrero Puente Pablo , Bueno Héctor , Domínguez Rodríguez Alberto , Müller Christian E. , Mebazaa Alexandre , Chioncel Ovidiu , Alquézar‐Arbé Aitor ,   on behalf of the ICA‐SEMES Research Group
Published: August 2019

ObjectivesWe investigated the natural history of patients after a first episode of acute heart failure (FEAHF) requiring emergency department (ED) consultation, focusing on: the frequency of ED visits and hospitalisations, departments admitting patients during the first and subsequent hospitalisations, and factors associated with difficult disease control.Methods and resultsWe included consecutive patients diagnosed with FEAHF (either with or without previous heart failure diagnosis) in four EDs during 5 months in three different time periods (2009, 2011, 2014). Diagnosis was adjudicated by local principal investigators. The clinical characteristics of the index event were prospectively recorded, and all post‐discharge ED visits and hospitalisations [related/unrelated to acute heart failure (AHF)], as well as departments involved in subsequent hospitalisations were retrospectively ascertained. ‘Uncontrolled disease’ during the first year after FEAHF was considered if patients were attended at ED (≥ 3 times) or hospitalised (≥ 2 times) for AHF or died. Overall, 505 patients with FEAHF were included and followed for a mean of 2.4 years. In‐hospital mortality was 7.5%. Among 467 patients discharged alive, 288 died [median survival 3.9 years, 95% confidence interval (CI) 3.5–4.4], 421 (90%) revisited the ED (2342 ED visits; 42.4% requiring hospitalisation, 34.0% AHF‐related) and 357(77%) were hospitalised (1054 hospitalisations; 94.1% through ED, 51.4% AHF‐related). AHF‐related hospitalisations were mainly in internal medicine (28.0%), short‐stay unit (26.3%), cardiology (20.8%), and geriatrics (14.1%). Only 47.4% of AHF‐related hospitalisations were in the same department as the FEAHF, and internal medicine involvement significantly increased with subsequent hospitalisations (P = 0.01). Uncontrolled disease was observed in 31% of patients, which was independently related to age > 80 years [odds ratio (OR) 1.80, 95% CI 1.17–2.77], systolic blood pressure < 110 mmHg at ED arrival (OR 2.61, 95% CI 1.26–5.38) and anaemia (OR 2.39, 95% CI 1.51–3.78).ConclusionIn the present aged cohort of AHF patients from Barcelona, Spain, the natural history after FEAHF showed different patterns of hospital department involvement. Advanced age, low systolic blood pressure and anaemia were factors related to uncontrolled disease during the year after debut.
Gold‐Iron Bimetallic Nanoparticles Impregnated Reduced Graphene Oxide Based Nanosensor for Label‐free Detection of Biomarker Related to Non‐alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease
Authors: Kumar Ashutosh , Purohit Buddhadev , Mahato Kuldeep , Mandal Riddhipratim , Srivastava Ananya , Chandra Pranjal 
Published: August 2019

AbstractWe report for the first time a microwave assisted, one pot, direct, and facile synthesis of monodispersed iron‐gold bimetallic nanoparticles (BNPAu‐Fe) using glucose as a reducing agent in merely 90 s. The as such synthesized BNPAu‐Fe were thoroughly characterized using UV‐Vis, XRD, TEM, EDX, elemental mapping, and raman spectroscopy. These BNPAu‐Fe were further impregnated with reduced graphene oxide (rGO) and coated onto glassy carbon electrode (GCE) to develop a sensor probe for label free electrochemical detection of acetaminophen, which is considered to be a most potent biomarker related to non‐alcoholic fatty liver disease. The sensor probe was systematically characterized by cyclic voltammetry (CV) and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS). The BNPAu‐Fe‐rGO nanocomposite matrix showed the sensing of acetaminophen with a wide dynamic range between 50 and 800 nM with detection limit (DL) of 0.14 nM (±0.05) nM (RSD<4.12 %) that was lower compared to previously reported acetaminophen sensors. To show the practical application of the sensor probe, acetaminophen was detected in human urine samples, which showed the percentage recovery between 86.65 % and 91.32 %. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first report where BNPAu‐Fe impregnated rGO was used to detect acetaminophen. Interferences due to various molecules such as glucose, serum albumin, glycine, glutamic acid, alanine, citric acid, and ascorbic acid were tested individually and in mixed sample. Long‐term stability of sensor probe was examined which was found to be stable up to 12 weeks. The sensor fabricated using BNPAu‐Fe‐rGO nanocomposite has many attractive features such as; simplicity, rapidity, and label free detection, hence it could be a method of choice for acetaminophen detection in clinical settings.
Sensitive and Profitable Electrochemical Detection of Uric Acid in the Presence of Dopamine with a Novel Carbon Paste Electrode Decorated with a Copper(II) Complex
Authors: Tamayo Lenka V. , Torres Juan F. , Llanos‐Penagos Johisner , Calderón Jorge A. , Nagles Edgar , García‐Beltrán Olimpo , Hurtado John J. 
Published: August 2019

AbstractA new microcomposite with copper(II) complex and carbon paste (CuC/CPE) was developed to determine the uric acid (UA) content in the presence of dopamine (DP) and was characterized via cyclic voltammetry (CV), electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) and energy dispersive spectroscopy (EDS). The results showed high selectivity for UA compared with DP because the anodic peak currents for DP were near those of a CPE without Cuc and were considerably increased for UA. The UA and DP increases were 86.9 % and 14.3 %, respectively, according to CV and 96.6 % and 25.5 %, respectively, according to square wave voltammetry (SWV) with the CuC/CPE. Moreover, the anodic peak separation for UA and DP was 0.17 V. With optimal parameters (pH, 3.3; adsorption time(tADS), 30 s;adsorption potential (EADS), 0.10 V), the anodic peak currents for UA were proportional to concentrations between 1.6 and 14.4 μmol L−1 using standard solutions with UA concentrations ranging from 8.0–40.5 μmol L−1 and real samples. The UA detection limit was 0.13 μmol L−1. The new sensor was used to determine the UA contentin human urine samples, and the method was checked with a urine chemistry control from Bio‐Rad based on human urine spiked with quantities of UA and showed a recovery between 84 % and 106 % at concentrations below 10.0 μmol L−1.
Performance analysis of signal space diversity–based cooperative relaying over α−κ−μ fading channels
Authors: Sikri Aman , Srinivas K.V. 
Published: August 2019

AbstractThe α−κ−μ fading channel is a generalized fading model that incorporates the nonlinearity and nonhomogeneous scattering behavior of the propagation medium. In this paper, we investigate the performance of a signal space diversity (SSD)–based cooperative decode‐and‐forward relay scheme over α−κ−μ fading channels. In particular, we derive the novel closed‐form expression of the average symbol error rate for the SSD‐based cooperative relay scheme. Capitalizing on this, we quantify the diversity order of SSD‐based cooperative decode‐and‐forward scheme over α−κ−μ fading channels. We compare the analytical results with the results obtained through Monte Carlo simulations to validate our theoretical results.
Quantitative investigation of vascular response to mesenteric venous thrombosis using large‐field‐of‐view photoacoustic microscopy
Authors: Qin Wei , Qi Weizhi , Xi Lei 
Published: August 2019

AbstractMesenteric venous thrombosis (MVT) is one of major causes leading to severe mesenteric ischemia. Vascular network plays an important role during the occurrence and development of MVT. However, there lacks an appropriate imaging method, which features advanced volumetric resolving capability, superior sensitivity to hemoglobin, and ultra‐large field‐of‐view (FOV), to investigate vascular response of MVT. In this study, we developed and applied a large‐FOV optical resolution photoacoustic microscopy to quantify the vascular response during the entire course of two different MVT models in which we ligated the superior mesenteric vein and inferior mesenteric vein, respectively. Furthermore, we developed a quantitative algorithm to derive total vascular length, relative concentration of total hemoglobin and vascular density over the FOV to reveal different vascular responses in different MVT models.
Cytotoxicity and bioactivity assessments for Cu2+ and La3+ doped high‐silica sol‐gel derived bioglasses: The complex interplay between additive ions revealed
Authors: Ben‐Arfa Basam A. E. , Palamá Ilaria E. , Miranda Salvado Isabel M. , Ferreira José M. F. , Pullar Robert C. 
Published: August 2019

AbstractWe show the influence of two functional ions (Cu2+ and La3+), incorporated into a quaternary (Si, Ca, Na, P) sol‐gel derived bioactive glass system, on its particle size, cytotoxicity, and bioactivity. By doping the parent glass with the two ions in singular or combined forms, 15 doped glasses were prepared by a rapid sol‐gel technique. The influence of the combined doping on the particle size and cell viability was successfully evaluated by the aid of signal‐to‐noise‐ratio (S/N), using Taguchi analysis. This allowed us to analyze the complex interplay of effects between these ions, and the marked differences in biocompatibility between the three cell types studied. Cu addition had a significant effect on reducing the glass particle size, while both increased density. Cell viability was significantly improved for some doping combinations, demonstrating that while combined Cu–La doping was beneficial for biocompatibility with lymphoblasts, individual high‐Cu or low‐La doping was better with fibroblasts, and either high‐Cu or low‐La doping, or certain combined Cu–La combinations, were the optimum for osteoblasts. However, the bioactivity of doped samples was generally similar to that of the parent glass, although both La, and particularly Cu, did appear to aid dissolution of ions when immersed in SBF, act as glass modifiers, and encourage HAp crystallization. The results reveal that potential synergistic benefits can be obtained by combining the effects on the mean particle size, density, cytotoxicity, and bioactivity of the glasses. The greatly improved biocompatibility of some of the doped glasses makes them promising candidates for biomedical applications.
A novel “turn‐on” fluorescent sensor for hydrogen peroxide based on oxidized porous g‐C3N4 nanosheets
Authors: Guo Zhaoliang , Zhao Qiannan , Zhang Yuqian , Li Bingdong , Li Lijuan , Feng Liwei , Wang Manman , Meng Xianguang , Zuo Guifu 
Published: August 2019

AbstractAn oxidized, porous graphitic carbon nitride nanosheets (CNNs) was successfully obtained via a bottom‐up approach. The inner filter effect (IFE) of Fe (III) tetrakis (1‐methyl‐4‐pyridyl) porphyrin pentachlorideporphyrin pentachloride (FeTMPyP) on the CNNs results in fluorescence quenching of the CNNs due to the overlap of FeTMPyP absorbance band and CNNs emission band. It is interesting that the quenched fluorescence could be “turned on” in response to the participation of H2O2, which caused by decomposition of FeMPyP. In this study, for the first time, a porous fluorescence probe based on CNNs and FeTMPyP was designed and an excellent H2O2 detection performance with a large detection range of 0.1 ~ 100 μM and a detection limit of 0.07 μM was achieved. Furthermore, the proposed method was successfully used for H2O2 detection in RAW 264.7 cells.
Identification and expression profile of Delta‐GST in black tiger shrimp (Penaeus monodon) exposed to aflatoxin B1 (AFB1)
Authors: Wang Yun , Duan Ya‐Fei , Wang Jun , Zhou Chuan‐Peng , Jiang Shi‐Gui , Lin Hei‐Zhao , Huang Jian‐Hua 
Published: August 2019

AbstractDelta GST is an insect‐specific class and a prominent class of the glutathione S‐transferases family that is involved in xenobiotic detoxification and antioxidant defense. The full‐length complementary DNA of delta‐class GST from Penaeus monodon (PmDeltaGST; 839 bp long with a 657 bp coding region) was cloned. The encoded polypeptide of 218 amino acids had a predicted molecular mass of 24.30 kDa. Sequence homology and phylogenetic analysis showed that PmDeltaGST was significant similarity to GST genes in crustaceans and insects. Tissue expression profile analysis by quantitative real‐time reverse‐transcription polymerase chain showed that PmDeltaGST was constitutively expressed in all the examined tissues, with the highest expression in hepatopancreas and intestine and the weakest expression in ovary. PmDeltaGST messenger RNA expression and protein levels in hepatopancreas was significantly increased at 14 days postexposure of aflatoxin B1 (AFB1), keeping on the high level at 28 days, but decreased at 56 days. The results suggested that PmDeltaGST was involved in the response to AFB1 exposure.
Development of the paratympanic pneumatic system of Japanese quail
Authors: Tahara Rui , Larsson Hans C. E. 
Published: August 2019

AbstractAvian heads are characterized as having two extensive air‐filled systems lined with epithelia; the paranasal and paratympanic sinuses. Many diverticula derived from the paratympanic sinus system are known to reticulate with each other to form a single merged pneumatic space within the adult braincase. However, the development of these complex branching and reticulating epithelia has not been examined in detail. In this study, we describe the comprehensive developmental pattern of the paratympanic sinus and its associated soft tissues in a model bird, Japanese quail (Coturnix japonica). The data are derived from three‐dimensional reconstructions based on histological sections and soft tissue enhanced micro‐CT data. Those data provide the foundation of the complex hierarchical developmental pattern of the paratympanic sinus system. Moreover, associations with other tissues help establish key morphologies that identify each pneumatic entity. This study clarifies the developmental relationships of the ventral portions of the paratympanic sinus system, the siphoneal diverticulum and marginal sinus, based on the ligaments associated with the Eustachian tube. In addition, detailed histological pneumatic morphologies reveal hitherto unknown epithelial diversity, which may be indicative of equally complex developmental processes. We use the pneumatization of the quadrate as an example to support a close relationship with vascular growth and pneumatic epithelia invasion into ossified bone. We confirm pneumatic diverticula never enter into cartilages, possibly due to the absence of vasculature in these tissues. Lastly, we use the concept of a morphogenetic tree as a tool to help present the complex developmental pattern of the paratympanic sinus system and apply it toward inferring pneumatic morphologies in a nonavian theropod braincase.
118‐year climate and extreme weather events of Metropolitan Manila in the Philippines
Authors: Bagtasa Gerry 
Published: August 2019

AbstractMetropolitan Manila, the Philippines, is a megacity with a population of 12.9 million people. Unabated urbanization and disorganized infrastructure build‐up, coupled with a large urban poor population have made many of its population vulnerable to climate change. This study presents the 118‐year urban climate and extreme weather events of Metropolitan Manila. Daily average and minimum temperature are on the rise comparable to countrywide trends. Consequently, there are more warm and less cold nights. Total annual precipitation is also increasing at a rate of 77.99 mm/decade. Decreasing simple daily intensity index implies that higher observed precipitation is due to the increase in wet days count rather than intensity. Tropical cyclones (TCs) are critical in producing most extreme rainfall events in the metropolis. Extreme precipitation is induced either by a TC's immediate rainbands or remote precipitation effects by enhancing the prevailing summer monsoon flow. TC‐induced rain modulates annual rainfall variability and is estimated to contribute 45.2% to Metropolitan Manila mean total rainfall.
Spatial and temporal variability of East African Kiremt season precipitation and large‐scale teleconnections
Authors: Broman Daniel , Rajagopalan Balaji , Hopson Thomas , Gebremichael Mekonnen 
Published: August 2019

AbstractPrecipitation during the Ethiopian Kiremt (June–September) season has exhibited significant interannual and multi‐decadal variability over the 20th and early 21st century. We investigate the temporal variability in the strength of the teleconnections between sea‐surface temperatures in key global oceanic regions, including the Tropical Pacific, Indian Ocean, and Tropical Atlantic, and Kiremt season precipitation at sub‐seasonal, interannual and multi‐decadal time scales. We also investigate the influence of the Madden‐Julian Oscillation (MJO). We perform a systematic analysis of 112‐year long (1901–2012) precipitation in the northern region of East Africa including the southern and central regions of Ethiopia and uncover interesting spatial, temporal and sub‐seasonal variability, and teleconnection patterns. Precipitation anomalies during wet and dry years extend throughout Northern Africa and also, during September extends over Indian subcontinent, suggesting large‐scale variability of wet/dry patterns. Wet (dry) years are accompanied by La Nina like (El Nino like) conditions in the tropical Pacific and extending into Atlantic and Indian Oceans. Through Bayesian dynamical linear modelling we find that temporal changes in seasonal precipitation correspond to changes in the strengths of sea surface temperature teleconnections, and that the relative strengths of these teleconnections rather than one dominant teleconnection influences precipitation variability. During three precipitation epochs in this region, the mid‐century pluvial, the late‐century drought, and the early 21st century, we find that changes in precipitation are related to changes in the main dynamical features of precipitation. These findings suggest that Kiremt season precipitation is in a new regime, and is of key interest to the agricultural and water resources communities who rely on accurate forecasts of precipitation to make operational decisions.
Role of testosterone and androgen receptor in periodontal disease progression in female rats
Authors: Steffens João Paulo , Valenga Henrique Meister , Santana Luis Carlos Leal , Albaricci Maria Carolina da Costa , Kantarci Alpdogan , Spolidorio Luis Carlos 
Published: August 2019

AbstractBackgroundSex hormone therapy has strict recommendations in the treatment of postmenopausal symptoms, in which testosterone (TES) replacement may play a potential role. However, it remains unclear whether TES affects the course of chronic inflammation and alveolar bone loss in females. Herein, we investigated the role of androgen receptor and TES on the inflammatory response and alveolar bone resorption associated with ligature‐induced periodontal disease in female rats.MethodsFifty female Holtzman rats were divided in five groups (n = 10/group): androgen receptor antagonist (flutamide); estrogen receptor antagonist (fulvestrant); TES supplementation; aromatase inhibitor (anastrozole); and TES plus anastrozole. Periodontitis was induced by ligatures around the lower first molars for 2 weeks. Twenty animals (n = 10/group) were used as untreated ligated or non‐ligated controls. Bone loss and the number of osteoclasts were measured through radiographic and immunohistochemical analysis, respectively. Inflammatory cytokines, chemokines and bone markers were measured by multiplex immunoassay and ELISA in serum samples and periodontal tissues.ResultsThe blockage of androgen receptor significantly increased radiographic bone loss and tissue levels of IL‐1α (P <0.05), IL‐1β (P <0.001) and IL‐10 (P <0.01) compared with the periodontitis group. Testosterone supplementation significantly increased EGF levels in tissue samples, whereas when combined with aromatase inhibitor anastrozole significantly increased both EGF and VEGF (P <0.05). None of the treatment conditions significantly impacted the number of osteoclasts compared with the periodontitis group.ConclusionsAndrogen receptor activation is an important factor in the regulation of several inflammatory markers, and its blockage significantly increases bone loss.
Identification of the major metabolites of (R)‐salbutamol in human urine, plasma and feces using ultra high performance liquid chromatography coupled with quadrupole time‐of‐flight mass spectrometry
Authors: Ye Fengying , Liu Shan , Yang Yang , Zhao Ting , Li Shuang , Zhou Ting , Tan Wen 
Published: August 2019

Abstract(R)‐Salbutamol is a selective β2‐adrenoreceptor agonist, which produces a short‐acting bronchodilator effect and is widely used for the treatment of respiratory diseases in humans. Drug metabolism and identification of the metabolites play an essential role in the evaluation of the overall efficacy and safety of the drugs in clinical practices. There are few reports on the identification of major metabolites of (R)‐salbutamol in humans, and the number of identified metabolites is very limited. In this research, a method of ultra‐high performance liquid chromatography coupled with quadrupole time‐of‐flight mass spectrometry was developed for the discovery and identification of (R)‐salbutamol and its major metabolites in human biological samples. Totally, twelve metabolites of (R)‐salbutamol were found and identified and all the metabolites could be found in urine, one metabolite in plasma and two metabolites in feces. Among all the metabolites, eight metabolites have never been reported before. The results indicated that (R)‐salbutamol was mainly metabolized through isomerization, oxidation, reduction, glucuronidation, and sulfation pathways in vivo. The possible metabolic pathways of (R)‐salbutamol were subsequently presented in this study, which contribute to a better understanding of the metabolism of (R)‐salbutamol in humans.
Towards stopping land degradation in drylands: Water‐saving techniques for cultivating biocrusts in situ
Authors: Zhao Yang , Jia Rong Liang , Wang Jin 
Published: August 2019

AbstractIn recent years, inoculating sand surfaces with biocrust organisms has become one of the most promising biotechnological strategies for controlling and reversing land degradation in drylands. To fully exploit this biotechnology on a large scale in drylands, researchers must explore water‐saving techniques to incubate biocrusts in situ. To achieve this aim, we tested three methods—broadcasting dried cyanobacteria, spraying fresh cyanobacteria, and broadcasting natural biocrust fragments—to culture biocrusts in situ on the Tengger Desert in Northern China. The cover of incubated biocrust increased during the first 2 months after inoculation (from 6% to more than 20.0% in treatments using biocrust fragments); biocrust cover declined but persisted after 12 months of incubation (13.8% cover in the best treatment, natural cyanobacteria fragments). The cover of cyanobacteria was higher than the cover of lichen in our natural cyanobacteria‐lichen crust fragment treatment (NCL; p < .05) after incubating for 12 months. We highlight that cyanobacteria should be selected for biocrust incubation during the initial stages of dryland restoration. Accumulated rainfall was positively related to the cover of incubated biocrust. However, wind speed and wind erosion intensity were both negatively related to the cover of incubated biocrust. In conclusion, broadcasting biocrust fragments is a rapid, efficient, and water‐saving biotechnique to cultivate biocrusts in situ. Actions to reduce wind speed and wind erosion, such as mechanical sand fixing, can help stabilize soils and improve crust cultivation.