bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Aortic intima media thickness increases and is independently related to insulin-like growth factor-1 level in patients with acromegaly
Authors: SÜMBÜL Hilmi Erdem , DEMİRTAŞ Derya 
Published: September 2019

Purpose: In our article, we aimed to identify whether there is an increase in intima-media thickness (IMT) measured from the abdominal aorta in patients with acromegaly and to identify the parameters closely related to the aortic IMT (AIMT).Materials and Methods: 52 patients with acromegaly and 46 healthy controls were included. For all participants, all the necessary laboratory tests were done for acromegaly. On vascular ultrasound examination, the internal carotid IMT, common-carotid IMT, and aortic IMT (AIMT) were measured. The study population was divided into 3 different groups; control group (Group I), acromegaly patients in remission (Group II) and acromegaly patients with active disease (group-III). Results: The incidence of hypertension, diabetes, and smoking was higher in Group-II-III than Group I. Insulin-like growth factor-1 (IGF-1) levels were increased from Group I to III and there was a significant difference between all groups. Common-carotid IMT and internal carotid IMT values were not significantly different between the groups. The AIMT value in Group III patients was statistically higher than the other two groups. The AIMT was similar between Groups I to II. Only the IGF-1 level was found to be independently associated with AIMT. Conclusion: In patients with active acromegaly disease, AIMT is significantly elevated without elevation of carotid IMT, and AIMT is independently associated with serum IGF-1 levels. AIMT could be a useful study to show the presence of early subclinical atherosclerosis in acromegaly patients.
Gebelikte Risk Algısı Ölçeği: Türkçe geçerlik ve güvenirlik çalışması
Authors: EVCİLİ Funda , DAĞLAR Gülseren 
Published: September 2019

AAmaç: Araştırmanın amacı, Heaman ve Gupton tarafından geliştirilen Gebelikte Risk Algısı Ölçeği (GRAÖ)’nin Türkçe geçerlik ve güvenirliğini belirlemektir.Gereç ve Yöntem: Türkçe ölçek formu, Eylül 2018-Ocak 2019 tarihleri arasında il merkezinde bulunan iki hastaneye başvuran toplam 349 gebeye (164 riskli ve 185 sağlıklı) uygulanmıştır. Riskli gebelik tanısı alarak kliniklerde yatarak tedavi gören kadınlar ve rutin gebelik izlemleri için polikliniğe başvuran kadınlar araştırmanın örneklemini oluşturmuştur. Gebelere Kişisel Bilgi Formu ve GRAÖ Türkçe formu yüze görüşülerek uygulanmıştır. Bulgular: Gebelerin yaş ortalaması 27.65 ± 6.03’dir. Gebelerin %47’si mevcut gebeliklerinde riskli gebelik tanısı almıştır. Mevcut gebeliklerinde “riskli gebelik” tanısı alan kadınların %52.8’inin erken doğum tehditi yaşadığı belirlenmiştir. Madde analizi sonucunda ölçek madde toplam korelasyonlarının r = 0.47 ile 0.67 arasında olduğu belirlenmiştir. Ölçeğin Cronbach alfa katsayısı 0.84'dür. Testi yarılama yöntemi sonucunda Spearman-Brown güvenirlik katsayısı 0.79; Guttman Split-Half 0.79 bulunmuştur. Özdeğeri 1’i aşan, toplam değişkenliğin %57.866’sını açıklayan, faktör yükü 0.40-0.67 arasında olan 9 maddeli 2 faktörlü bir yapı elde edilmiştir. Yapılan doğrulayıcı faktör analizi ile ölçeğin kuramsal ve istatistiksel olarak kabul edilebilir düzeyde uyum gösterdiği bulunmuştur. Sonuç: GRAÖ Türkçe formu, sağlık profesyonelleri tarafından gebelerin “kendisine” ve “bebeğine” yönelik mevcut risk algısının değerlendirilmesinde kullanılabilir.
Opinions of parents with children between 0 and 2 ages about vaccinations
Authors: Demirtürk Selçuk Ezgi , Demirbağ Birsel Canan 
Published: September 2019

Purpose: This study was carried out to evaluate the parent’s thoughts about vaccines who have children at the age of 0-2 years.Materials and Methods: This study was carried out between the dates 1st January-31st March 2018, in a neonatal intensive care unit of a t and Research Hospital Pediatrician Service, with volunteering parents (N=100) of 0-2 aged children who were being treated for various reasons.Results: In this study, there are mothers and 61% of them are high school graduates, 56% are housewives and 95% are without social security. Out of parents; 98% of them said that vaccines are required, 65% of them said that vaccine protects from the disease, 80% of them said that they had learned about vaccines in Family Health Center, 16% of them due to some vaccines contain mercury did not want to get vaccinated and 54% of them said that they had not joined the eradication program. Conclusion: Mothers were not informed enough about the contents of the vaccines and that they were informed by the primary health care personnel of the vaccines.
Factors associated with the initiation and continuation of breastfeeding
Authors: PARS Hatice , BAŞ Melike , Bora Güneş Nebahat , Bağcı Bösi Ayşe Tülay 
Published: September 2019

Purpose: We aimed to investigate the relationship between initiation/continuation of breastfeeding and socio-demographic, lifestyle-related, clinical and lactation-related factorsMaterials and Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted in three hospitals in Turkey. A total of 360 mothers with children aged 0-24 months underwent face-to-face interview, using a structured questionnaire about the initiation of breastfeeding, exclusive and any breastfeeding, as well as potentially related characteristics and factors. Results: The mean age of mother was 28  5.36 years; the mean of parity was two years; and the percentage of vaginal birth frequency was 56.9. It was found out that 43.6% of babies were initiated early to breastmilk, the majority of the babies (78%) started additional food at 4-6 months and the first additional food started to be milk in the majority (49.6%). Mode of birth, breastfeeding information and first feeding style (exclusive breastmilk) affected babys’ feeding style in the last 24 hours. Mode of childbirth (vaginal), complicated pregnancy and birth, rooming-in, and breastfeeding information were found to be important for the initiation and continued breastfeedin.Conclusion: Breastfeeding practice is influenced by a variety of factors. Health professionals are significant people who are effective in women’s decision to breastfeed, to start breastfeeding and continue to breastfeed. Baby-friendly hospitals, which provide the highest level of medical care and which support rooming-in after delivery, must be established and training on breastfeeding should be increased and maintained.
Klinik izole sendromda kognitif tutulum ve yorgunluk ile ilişkisi
Authors: PİRİ ÇINAR Bilge , YİĞİT Pınar , GÜRKAN M. Anıl , ÖZTÜRK Ozan , ÖZAKBAŞ Serkan 
Published: September 2019

bilgi işleme ve çalışma belleği yetersizliği ile karakterizedir. Bu çalışmada; KİS’li bireylerdeki bilişsel etkilenmenin özelliklerini ve sıklığını sağlıklı kontrollerle karşılaştırarak araştırmak amaçlanmıştır.Gereç ve Yöntem: Hastalara PASAT, COWAT, Stroop testi, RAVLT, Benton Çizgi Yönünü Belirleme testi, iz sürme testi, sayı dizileri testi uygulandı. Ayıca depresyon, yorgunluk ve yaşam kaliteleri de ölçeklerle değerlendirildi.Bulgular: Çalışmaya yaş ortalaması 36.3 olan 25 KİS hastası, yaş ve cinsiyet olarak eşleştirilmiş 22 sağlıklı kontrol alındı. Sağlıklı kontroller ile karşılaştırıldığında hastaların %52’si Stroop testinde başarısız oldular. COWAT’ta bu oran %60 olarak saptandı. RAVLT, BJLO, iz sürme testi ve sayı dizileri testi için bilişsel bozulma sıklığı göreceli olarak daha düşüktü. PASAT’da ise bu oran %20 olarak saptandı. Hastaların %21’inde en az iki testte bilişsel bozukluk saptandı. En az bir testte bozulma saptanan hasta oranı -1 SD ile %64, -2 SD ile %48 olarak saptandı. Yorgunluk ile KİS hastalarındaki bilişsel etkilenme arasında anlamlı bir ilişki saptandı. Sonuç: Çalışma grubunun % 21’inde, iki ya da daha fazla alt testte bilişsel bozulma görülmüştür. En belirgin olarak dikkat ve yürütücü işlevlerin etkilendiği saptanmış olup, bilişsel yorgunluk; Stroop, PASAT ve COWAT ile bağıntılıydı. KİS aşamasında, sosyal hayat ve hastalık seyri üzerine etkisi bilenen bilişsel etkilenme varlığı, sıklığı ve ayrıntılı tanımlanması belki de tedaviyi düzenleme aşamasında göz önünde bulundurulmalıdır.
Yaşlı hastalarda şeker ölçüm cihazı kullanımında yapılan hataların değerlendirilmesi
Authors: ATMIŞ Volkan , AHLAT Seçkin , KARAARSLAN CENGİZ Özlem , YALÇIN Ahmet , ARAS Sevgi , ATLI Teslime 
Published: September 2019

Amaç: Bu çalışmada; şeker ölçüm cihazlarının, yaşlı diyabetes mellituslu hastalar tarafından evde kullanımında yapılan hataların ve bu hataların sıklığının, bu hataları etkileyen faktörlerin tespiti ve bireysel eğitimin hatalar üzerine etkisinin araştırılması amaçlanmıştır. Gereç ve Yöntem: Çalışmaya şeker ölçüm cihazı kullanan yaşlı diyabetik hastalar alındı. Hastalardan kan şekerlerini kendi şeker ölçüm cihazları ile ölçmeleri istendi. Buna göre şeker ölçüm cihazının doğru kullanımını değerlendiren 13 parametrelik bir değerlendirme formu dolduruldu. Hastalara ortalama 45 dakika süren doğru şeker ölçüm cihaz kullanımı eğitimi verildi. Bir ay sonra aynı hastalar doğru şeker ölçüm cihazı kullanımı açısından tekrar değerlendirildi.Bulgular: Çalışmaya 73 hasta dahil edildi. 10 kadın, 11 erkek, toplam 21 hasta kontrole gelmediğinden çalışmadan çıkarıldı. Çalışma 33’ü kadın, 19’u erkek toplam 52 hasta ile tamamlandı. Eğitim sonrası, cihaz kodunu kontrol eden hasta sayısı %50’den %80’e, ölçüm öncesi elini yıkayan ve elini kurulayan hasta sayısı %58’den %96’ya, şeker ölçüm iğnesini değiştiren hasta sayısı %44’den %96’ya, yükseldi. Yaş, eğitim durumu, diyabet süresi, kullanılan ilaç sayısı, tedavi şekli, hastalık sayısı ve cihaz doğru kullanım oranları arasında ilişki saptanmadı.Sonuç: Sonuç olarak, yaşlı diyabetik hastalarda şeker ölçüm cihazının yanlış olarak kullanılması sık olarak görülen bir problemdir. Ancak ayrıntılı, birebir verilen ve tekrarlanan eğitimle bu sorun çözülebilir.
Preemptı̇f oral tramadol-pregabalı̇n ı̇le tramadol-parasetamol kombinasyonunun postoperatı̇f tramadol tüketı̇mı̇ üzerı̇ne etkı̇lerı̇nin karşılaştırılması
Authors: ILGINEL Murat Türkeün , LAFLI TUNAY Demet , GÜNEŞ Yasemin , KARACAER Feride , BİRİCİK Ebru , ILGINEL Özge 
Published: September 2019

Amaç: Çalışmamızda preemptif oral tramadol-plasebo, tramadol-pregabalin ve tramadol–parasetamol kombinasyonlarının postoperatif tramadol tüketimi üzerine etkilerini karşılaştırmayı amaçladık. Gereç ve Yöntem: Çalışmaya meme küçültme ameliyatı yapılacak, 18-65 yaş aralığında, 60 hasta alındı. Hastalar rastgele üç gruba ayrıldı. Operasyondan bir saat önce her üç gruba tramadol 35 mg oral damla ile grup I’e (n=20) pregabalin 75 mg tablet, grup II’ye (n=20) parasetamol 500 mg tablet, grup III’e (n=20) ise plasebo tablet verildi.Grupların postoperatif 24 saatlik ağrı skorları, total tramadol tüketimleri, ek analjezi ihtiyaçları, ekstübasyon ve derlenme zamanları ve yan etkiler kaydedildi. Bulgular: Vizüel Analog Skala (VAS) 10. ve 60. dakika değerleri grup II’de diğer gruplardan daha düşük saptandı. Tramadol tüketiminde gruplar arasında istatiksel olarak anlamlı farklılık saptanmamış olmakla birlikte tüketilen toplam tramadol miktarı 120 mg  ve 120 mg  olarak gruplandırıldığında grup I’de tramadol tüketimi diğer iki gruptan daha düşük saptandı.Sonuç: Meme küçültme cerrahisinde preoperatif oral yoldan uygulanan pregabalin ve tramadol kombinasyonu ile parasetamol ve tramadol kombinasyonu tek başına tramadole göre postoperatif ağrı skorları, 24 saatlik total tramadol tüketimi ve yan etkiler açısından farklılığa yol açmamıştır.
Kanker serviks dan gen Fas-promoter-670
Authors: Parwanto MLE 
Published: September 2019

Kanker serviks merupakan keganasan pada serviks. Jenis kanker tersebut terjadi pada perempuan dan masih menjadi masalah di Indonesia. Indonesia merupakan negara urutan ke 4 di Asia Tenggara dengan insiden kanker serviks terbesar setelah Kamboja, Myanmar dan Thailand. Berdasar data statistik tahun 2012, tingkat insidensi (incidence rate) kanker serviks di Indonesia 17 per 100.000 perempuan per tahun.(1)
Telah terbukti bahwa penyebab primer terjadinya kanker serviks yaitu virus papilloma atau yang lebih dikenal dengan istilah “human papillomavirus (HPV)”. Terdapat beberapa jenis serotype HPV, tetapi tidak semua jenis serotype bersifat progesif menjadikan kanker serviks. Salah satu serotype yang bersifat progesif menjadikan kanker serviks yaitu HPV serotype 16. HPV serotype 16 mampu mengubah sel epitel squamosa serviks (cervical-squamous-epithelial cells=CSEC) normal menjadi lesi intraepitelial squamosa tingkat rendah (low-grade squamous intraepithelial lesion=LSIL) atau neoplasia intraepitel serviks (cervical intraepithelial neoplasia=CIN) 1. Selanjutnya, LSIL atau CIN 1 berkembang menjadi lesi intraepitelial squamosa tingkat tinggi (high-grade squamous intraepithelial lesion=HSIL) atau CIN 2, dan akhirnya menjadi kanker serviks yang invasif (invasive cervical cancer=CIN3).(2)
Gambaran Histopatologi Ovarium Tikus Putih (Rattus Norvegicus) Akibat Pemberian Vitamin E dan Etinil Estradiol
Authors: Raharjo Yudha Yaksa Crada Yoga Arum , Raharjo Yudha Yaksa Crada Yoga Arum , Samsuri Samsuri , Berata I Ketut 
Published: September 2019

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk membuktikan bahwa pemberian etinil estradiol mempengaruhi histopatoligi ovarium tikus putih dan mengetahui efek pemberian suplementasi vitamin E terhadap efek samping etinil estradiol pada ovarium tikus putih. Penelitian ini menggunakan 25 ekor tikus putih betina, dibagi dalam 5 kelompok perlakuan, yaitu kontrol(-) yang hanya diberi pakan dan minum saja, kontrol(+) diberikan etinil estradiol dengan dosis 150 mg/kg, P1 diberikan etinil estradiol 150 mg/kgbb dan vitamin E dengan dosis 100 mg/kgbb, P2 diberikan etinil estradiol 150 mg/kgbb dan vitamin E dengan dosis 150 mg/kgbb, P3 diberikan etinil estradiol 150 mg/kgbb dan vitamin E dengan dosis 200 mg/kgbb. Pemberian perlakuan selama 30 hari, kemudian hewan coba dinekropsi. Jaringan ovarium diambil dan diproses untuk pembuatan preparat histopatologi. Variabel yang diperiksa meliputi adanya proliferasi sel epitel dan nekrosis. Hasil penelitian diperoleh adanya perbedaan yang sangat nyata antara kontrol negatif (-) dan kontrol positif (+). Rerata skor perbaikan dari kerusakan ovarium berbeda nyata antara perlakuan P1, P2, dan P3. Kelompok perlakuan P2 dan P3 yang palning menunjukkan perubahan mendekati rerata skor kelompok kontrol negatif (-). Simpulan dari penelitian ini adalah pemberian etinil estradiol mempengaruhi perubahan histopatologi ovarium tikus putih. Pemberian suplementasi vitamin E mampu mengurangi efek samping etinil estradiol. Sehingga vitamin E dapat digunakan sebagai terapi pada pasien yang sedang menggunakan preparat hormonal seperti etinil estradiol.
Prevalensi Infeksi Ascaris Suum Pada Babi yang Dipotong di Rumah Potong Hewan Denpasar
Authors: Suryani Ni Made Putri , Apsari Ida Ayu Pasti , Dharmawan Nyoman Sadra 
Published: September 2019

Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui prevalensi infeksi cacing Ascaris suum pada babi yang dipotong di Rumah Potong Hewan (RPH) Denpasar. Sebanyak 100 sampel feses babi yang diperoleh dari babi-babi yang dipotong di RPH Denpasar diperiksa dengan metode konsentrasi pengapungan menggunakan NaCl jenuh sebagai larutan pengapung. Berdasarkan asal babi, prevalensi babi yang berasal dari Kota Denpasar: (17,39%) 4/22; Kabupaten Badung: (100%) 1/1; Kabupaten Bangli; (23,52%) 8/34; Kabupaten Karangasem: (30,43%) 7/23; dan Kabupaten Gianyar: (20%) 2/7. Mengingat tingginya angka prevalensi infeksi Ascaris suum pada babi yang dipotong di RPH Denpasar dan potensi ascariasis yang zoonosis, maka disarankan untuk meningkatkan kesadaran masyarakat akan pentingnya kesehatan lingkungan di RPH dan tempat pemeliharaan babi lebih seksama.
Pemetaan dan Analisis Kejadian Rabies di Kabupaten Buleleng Tahun 2010-2016
Authors: Novianti Syinthia Arya , Batan I Wayan , Suardana I Wayan 
Published: September 2019

Rabies merupakan salah satu penyakit menular yang masih menjadi permasalahan di Indonesia terutama di Pulau Bali. Kejadian rabies di Pulau Bali khususnya di Kabupaten Buleleng masih tinggi. Tercatat pada tahun 2010 terdata sebanyak 6 kasus akibat gigitan dari anjing yang positif terinfeksi virus rabies pada manusia dan tahun 2015 masih ditemukan kejadian rabies pada anjing sebanyak 77 kasus. Korelasi antara kejadian rabies pada anjing dan manusia selanjutnya di analisis dengan Uji Spearman, yang bertujuan untuk mengetahui signifikasi hubungan kejadian rabies pada manusia dan anjing di Kabupaten Buleleng. Selain itu untuk mengatahui pola persebaran kejadian rabies di Kabupaten Buleleng juga dibuatkan peta persebaran rabies. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa kejadian rabies pada anjing di Kabupaten Buleleng tahun 2010 sampai 2016 sebanyak 182 ekor dan 12 orang pada manusia serta hubungan korelasi kejadian rabies pada anjing dan manusia tidak menunjukan adanya hubungan sebab akibat (P > 0,05) yang artinya bahwa kejadian rabies anjing tinggi tidak selalu diikuti dengan kejadian rabies pada manusia.
Laporan Kasus: Kistik Endometritis pada Kucing Persia
Authors: Azizah Hidayatul , Batan I Wayan 
Published: September 2019

Seekor kucing persia berumur satu tahun berjenis kelamin betina menunjukkan gejala klinis: adanya leleran putih kental (leucorrhoea) meleleh keluar dari vulva, tidak berbau, sering menjilati vulvanya, perut nyeri saat ditekan dan nafsu makan menurun. Pada pemeriksaan hematologi rutin hasil menunjukkan eosinofil meningkat dan pemeriksaan ultrasonografi terhadap uterus diperoleh gambaran adanya cairan (anechoic) dan penebalan (hyper echoic). Hasil histopatologi menunjukkan uterus mengalami hemoragi, kistik, infiltrasi sel radang, nekrosis, dan hiperplasia. Berdasarkan pemeriksaan yang telah dilakukan kucing didiagnosis kistik endometritis. Tindakan yang dilakukan adalah ovariohisterectomy.
Developing new heat pump system to improve indoor living space in senior long-term care house
Authors: Lu Chao-Hung , Liao Ming-Cheng , Lin Wen-Chin , Sung Wen-Pei 
Published: September 2019

The issue of an aging population is becoming increasingly acute in Taiwan; in 2018, seniors comprised over 14 % of the total population. The quality of care for senior citizens hinges on the ability of long-term care facilities to create comfortable living spaces while ensuring energy efficiency by reducing electricity consumption, thereby providing them with an environment for aging in an active and positive way. This study proposes a new heat pump system that offers a cold source in the summer and a heat source in the winter. In addition, the air-conditioning and ventilation rates required for comfort in indoor living spaces are established to ensure the high quality of the care spaces in these types of institutions. The results after installation of the heat pump system were as follows: (1) Performance of the heat pump system: the inlet temperature of the heat pump chilled water was maintained at 7-10 °C, and the outlet temperature, at 42-54 °C. (2) Energy efficiency: Based on a 95 % confidence interval, the average annual electricity consumption was 32.65 kwh/day, which was 32.65 % of the prior consumption level; the reduction of 67.35 % is comparable to those of most heat pump systems. (3) Improvement of the indoor environment: In the hottest scenario, the indoor temperature was reduced by 3 °C and the relative humidity to 55-65 %, which fall within comfortable ranges. After the heat pump system was introduced, significant improvements in ventilation, air quality and comfort were noted, as well as significant improvement in average total satisfaction scores. All improvements reached statistical significance. The overall objective of the system is to enhance the environmental quality in long-term senior care facilities and make them healthier and more energy efficient.
Controlled cascading waterfall technology of crushing raw materials on the value of its current strongholds
Authors: Adambayev Murat , Zhauyt Algazy , Yussupova Saltanat 
Published: September 2019

The results of laboratory studies of innovative technology for grinding raw materials are presented. Grinding technology is one of the most energy-intensive industries in the industry. The obtained data confirm the possibility of obtaining breakthrough technical and economic indicators in the implementation of the proposed innovative technology of grinding raw materials in ball mills. The latter is achieved by maintaining in them the optimal trajectories of intra mill loading on the basis of the use of a controlled cascade-waterfall grinding mode, depending on the constantly changing physical and mechanical properties (grind ability, strength) of the ground product. At the same time, the mill effectively implements the most efficient grinding regimes (blow, abrasion, crushing), depending on the current strength of the crushed raw materials. Tests have shown the possibility of reducing the specific energy consumption depending on the strength of the crushed material by 31-44 % with a simultaneous increase in the performance of the mill for raw materials of various strength classes by 22-57 %. For the industrial tests of the proposed technology, two systems of automatic control of the strength of the comminuted material in the mill have been developed.
Development of a Mobile Phone App to Promote Safe Sex Practice Among Youth in Stockholm, Sweden: Qualitative Study
Authors: Nielsen Anna , Bågenholm Aspasia , De Costa Ayesha 
Published: September 2019

Background
Mobile health (mHealth) has been shown to be effective in increasing knowledge of sexual health among youth. To date, evaluations mostly refer to interventions delivered via computer, email, and text messages. The possibility of downloading apps on mobile devices has opened up opportunities to develop engaging interventions on safe sexual health promotion. To attract young users and have them engage with a sexual health app, it is important to involve youth in intervention development.

Objective
This study aimed to obtain input from youth on the content of a mobile phone app intended to promote safe sex and increase condom use among youth in Stockholm.

Methods
This study was conducted at the Youth Health Clinics (YHC) in Stockholm County, Sweden. A total of 15 individual in-depth interviews and 2 focus group discussions (with youth aged 18-23 years) were conducted at the YHC in Stockholm. Areas explored were: (1) youth perceptions of condom use (advantages and obstacles), (2) perceptions of mHealth to promote safe sexual practices, and (3) content development for a mobile phone app to promote safe sex.

Results
The smartphone app was developed based on the categories that emerged from the data. With regard to content, youth requested sex education, including information on sexually transmitted infections. In addition, condom-specific information, including practical usage technique, advice on how to have the condom talk, and how to decrease shame related to condom use, was requested. Youth suggested different modes to deliver the content, including text messages, movie clips, and push notifications. It was suggested that the tone of the messages delivered should be fun, entertaining, and supportive. The inputs from youth influenced the development of the following sections of the app: Condom Obstacles and Solutions; Quiz; Games; Self-Refection; Challenges; Stories by Peers (stories from peers and information from a doctor); Condom Tips, Pep Talk, and Boosting; and Random Facts.

Conclusions
It is important to use input from youth when developing a smartphone intervention since the success of the intervention largely depends on the level of engagement and usage by youth. Furthermore, if proven efficient in increasing condom use, it is important that the development, including content and mode, is thoroughly described so that the intervention can be replicated. Likewise, if proven inefficient, it is important to learn from mistakes to improve and adjust the intervention. The effect of this smartphone app on safe sexual practices among youth is being evaluated in a pragmatic randomized controlled trial in Stockholm (ISRCTN13212899) and will be reported separately.