bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Respite care services for children with special healthcare needs: Parental perceptions
Authors: Whitmore Kim E. , Snethen Julia 
Published: April 2018

AbstractPurposeParents of children with special healthcare needs may become overwhelmed with the ongoing caregiving needs of their children. Caring for a child with special healthcare needs is often challenging, requiring specialized training in many cases. As a result, parents can struggle to find qualified caregivers capable of providing them a break from the 24/7 care of their child. Respite care programs are designed to provide caregivers with a much‐needed temporary break. The purpose of this study was to examine parental perceptions of utilizing a respite care program.Design and MethodsTwenty‐two parents who had a child with special healthcare needs who attended a Midwestern respite care program completed a Participant Characteristic Form addressing their experiences caring for their child with special healthcare needs and using respite care services. Parents participated in a focus group (N = 4) to explore their perceptions and experiences of respite care participation. Multistage thematic analysis and descriptive statistics were used to analyze the data.ResultsThemes emerging from the data included: Constant care demands; It is just so stressful; Respite is a gift, we get a break; Respite program “fit”; and Respite is their special time too. Parents emphasized the benefits of respite care for their marital relationship, as well as the benefits to the children with special healthcare needs and their siblings. Parents also described the importance of tailoring respite care to the unique needs of their family.Practice ImplicationsNurses and other healthcare professionals play a critical role in addressing the unmet respite care needs of parents of children with special healthcare needs by identifying unmet needs and making appropriate referrals to services that will meet the unique needs of the family. Healthcare professionals can also volunteer with existing programs to help expand access to respite care services and increase the availability of adequately trained respite care providers whom parents can trust to provide for the complex healthcare needs of their children.
On the existence of an equitable allocation
Authors: Cato Susumu 
Published: April 2018

AbstractThis paper is concerned with a problem of an equitable allocation. We consider the concept of ψ‐equity, which is a general concept of equity. We provide a series of examples of equity concepts that are captured by ψ‐equity. We show the existence of an efficient and ψ‐equitable allocation by employing Kakutani's fixed‐point theorem.
Remembrance as remaking: memories of the nation revisited
Authors: Rigney Ann 
Published: April 2018

AbstractThis article revisits Anthony Smith's landmark collectionMyths and Memories of the Nation(1999) from the perspective of recent developments in cultural memory studies. It argues for a more clearly demarcated distinction between myths and memories which acknowledges cultural memory as a site of new experiential perspectives that often work against the authority of myths, seen as the unquestioned truths about the collective past. Drawing on studies of modern memory cultures, it presents a dynamic and generative model that construes memory in terms of cultural practices of remembrance. It shows that memory is not an unchanging legacy but rather a malleable resource for making shared stories about the past. Where Halbwachs (1925) presumed that social frameworks precede and shape memory, remembrance is presented here as a cultural force that helps to redefine social frameworks and to create links between hitherto unconnected imagined communities.
How do western democracies cope with the challenge of societal diversity?
Authors: Smooha Sammy 
Published: April 2018

AbstractIn the modern era, the grand forces of modernism, liberalism and nationalism have opposed and minimized societal diversity in Western states. The Civil Rights Movement in the USA and the flow of millions of unassimilable immigrants, mostly Muslims, to Europe opened Western societies to cultural diversity. But liberal multiculturalism in the West consists mainly of endorsement of subcultures, non‐discrimination and inclusion. It falls short of instituting consociational components like cultural autonomy and power‐sharing. Fear and unease in the West increasingly give priority to majority over minority rights. While all Western democracies object to societal diversity, they differ in the way they handle it: liberal democracies deny it, consociational democracies institutionalize it and ethnic democracies partially allow and partially subordinate it. These three different strategies are evident in the way representative cases of Western democracies, namely the USA, Switzerland and Estonia, respectively, cope with societal diversity.
Characterization of tuber blight‐suppressive soils from four provinces of the Ecuadorean Andes
Authors: Orquera‐Tornakian G. , Díaz C. I. , Mogrovejo D. C. , Villamarín D. J. , Jarrín F. , Ponce L. K. , Oliva R. , Gia J. , Forbes G. A. , Andrade‐Piedra J. , Flores F. J. , Garzon C. D. , Molineros J. , Koch A. , Benítez M. S. 
Published: April 2018

Late blight, caused by the oomycete Phytophthora infestans, is a threat to potato‐cropping systems worldwide. In the Ecuadorian Andes, despite a high late blight incidence in foliage, tuber blight is rare. In this work, the hypothesis that Ecuadorian Andean soils are naturally suppressive to P. infestans tuber infection was evaluated. Soils from four potato‐growing regions were assessed for disease suppressiveness by determining the effects of soil heat treatment on P. infestans sporangia and their ability to infect potato slices after 1, 8, 15 and 30 days of exposure to soils. Tuber infection after inoculation with P. infestans‐infested soils was consistently lower during the evaluation period compared with heat‐treated soils. Fresh, untreated soils affected germination and viability of P. infestans sporangia in a site‐dependent manner. In addition, the effect of heat treatment on soil bacterial communities was assessed through terminal restriction fragment length polymorphism analysis of the 16S rDNA gene region. Heat treatment disrupted bacterial community composition, and a subset of terminal restriction fragments (TRF) was either positively or negatively correlated with tuber infection. Bacterial TRF negatively correlated with tuber infection corresponded in fragment size to taxa with known ability to inhibit pathogens and promote plant growth. Finally, bacterial isolates obtained from untreated soils, which inhibited P. infestans growth in vitro, represented 22–47% of isolates recovered, and matched classes predicted by the TRFs. This work represents a first step in understanding the mechanisms behind the low incidence of tuber blight in Andean potato‐cropping systems.
Densification of cyanobacteria from a lake leading to production of β‐cyclocitral and related volatile organic compounds and species change
Authors: Arii Suzue , Tsuji Kiyomi , Tomita Koji , Hasegawa Masateru , Yamashita Ryuji , Bober Beata , Harada Ken‐Ichi 
Published: April 2018

SUMMARYThe purpose of the present study was to demonstrate that the lysis with the blue color formation was caused by densification of the cyanobacteria, and related events of the species change in the cyanobacteria were induced by the resulting volatile organic compounds (VOCs), particularly β‐cyclocitral. In order to obtain a high cell density of cyanobacteria in the laboratory, a concentration technique (graduated cylinder method) using the buoyancy of the gas vesicles was successfully used. The collected scum contained mainly Dolichospermum spp. and Microcystis, and the dispersed cyanobacteria were concentrated in the surface layer after several hours and the concentration ratio became approximately 10. The concentrated cyanobacteria were gradually lysed, while some of the cyanobacteria sank to the bottom, which finally died and disappeared. This method has the additional advantage that it is possible to visualize the entire lysis process. During the concentration process, β‐cyclocitral and its oxidation products together with β‐ionone were significantly detected. Because β‐cyclocitral was easily oxidized to the corresponding carboxylic acid, the pH of the water in the graduated cylinder decreased to approximately 6. Under favorable conditions, lysis with the blue color from phycocyanin could be observed due to the acid stress. Overall, the results of the present study were consistent with the hypothesis that VOCs were produced when the cyanobacteria are highly dense, and that the lysis with the blue color formation occurs due to the higher density.
Credible commitment without independent regulatory agent: Evidence from the Security Council's United Nations Compensation Commission
Authors: Becker Manuel , Dörfler Thomas , Gehring Thomas 
Published: April 2018

AbstractCredible commitment problems arise whenever decisions made according to short‐term incentives undermine long‐term policy goals. While political actors can credibly commit themselves to their long‐term policy goals by delegating decisions to independent regulatory agencies, the member states of international institutions rarely sacrifice control over regulatory decisions. Against the backdrop of the United Nations Compensation Commission established by the Security Council to settle claims on damage from the Iraqi occupation of Kuwait, we present an institutional arrangement that promises to credibly commit member states to their previously defined interests without excluding them from the decision process. It separates the stages of rulemaking and rule application, and is reinforced by conditional agenda‐setting of an advisory body. We probe the theoretical claim with evidence from a unique data set that shows that the Commission settled compensation claims in a remarkably consistent way. The arrangement provides a blueprint for comparable regulatory tasks in many areas of international, European, or domestic politics, in which independent regulation is not feasible.
Remembering the Future: Natural Disaster, Place, and Symbolic Survival
Authors: Shtob Daniel A. 
Published: April 2018

AbstractThe Pacific Northwest coast of the United States is currently facing the threat of an earthquake and tsunami some experts predict will be the worst natural disaster in North American history. This region also must contend with predicted effects of climate change. Applying the sociological traditions of memory, silence, and place to the natural hazard context, I qualitatively explore how local residents collectively envision future disasters and their associated risks. Responsive narratives are developed from an array of local meanings and identities drawn from place. They tend to partially displace narratives that visualize disasters as disruptive agents of danger, mnemonically replacing them with symbols of survival, continuity, and community agency. Overall, I find that this collective displacement manifests in event‐ and place‐specific ways and partially silences disturbing aspects of potential disaster. These findings demonstrate the promise of analyzing the idiosyncratic ways that future environmental disaster is perceived and experienced. Because risk perception has been identified as a contributor to community resilience and capacity, these findings emphasize the need for local, place‐based approaches to disaster planning, particularly in small communities with resource‐extractive histories.
Does organized sport participation during youth predict healthy habits in adulthood? A 28‐year longitudinal study
Authors: Palomäki S. , Hirvensalo M. , Smith K. , Raitakari O. , Männistö S. , Hutri‐Kähönen N. , Tammelin T. 
Published: April 2018

Health behaviors in youth can predict the same behaviors later in life, but the role of sport participation in predicting healthy lifestyle habits is unclear. This study aimed to investigate the association between participation in organized youth sport and adult healthy lifestyle habits. Data from the longitudinal Cardiovascular Risk in Young Finns Study (YFS) with a 28‐year follow‐up were used. The participation in sport‐club training sessions was self‐reported by 9‐18‐year‐olds in 1983 and 1986 (n = 1285). During 2011, participants (aged 37‐43‐year old) reported their smoking status, alcohol consumption, fruit and vegetable consumption, and physical activity. Odd ratios (OR) were calculated using logistic regression, to examine how participation in organized youth sport was associated with having three or four versus fewer (0‐2) healthy habits in adulthood. Participants who were active in youth sport in both 1983 and 1986 had almost two times greater odds of having three or four healthy habits in adulthood than those who were not active at both time points (OR: 1.75, 95%CI: 1.11‐2.76). When the analyses were stratified by sex, the findings were statistically significant among women (OR: 2.13, 95%Cl: 1.13‐3.99) but not men (OR: 1.27, 95%CI: 0.63‐2.58). The results suggest that participation in organized youth sport could promote healthy lifestyle choices.
Children's sleep and daytime functioning: Increasing heritability and environmental associations with sibling conflict
Authors: Breitenstein Reagan S. , Doane Leah D. , Clifford Sierra , Lemery‐Chalfant Kathryn 
Published: April 2018

AbstractChildren's sleep has both environmental and genetic influences, with stressful family environmental factors like household chaos and marital conflict associated with sleep duration and quality (El‐Sheikh, Buckhalt, Mize, & Acebo, 2006; Fiese, Winter, Sliwinski, & Anbar, 2007). However, it is less clear whether sibling conflict is related to sleep duration and children's sleep problems (e.g., nighttime wakings, parasomnias). In addition, few studies have tested whether associations between sleep and stressful family environmental factors are accounted for by an underlying set of genes or shared and unique environmental factors. Participants were 582 twins with sleep assessed longitudinally at 12, 30 months, and 5 years of age. Sibling conflict was assessed at 5 years. Greater sibling conflict was associated with shorter sleep duration and greater number of total sleep problems, over and above the influence of general household stress and other covariates. The heritability of sleep duration increased with age. Shared environmental factors accounted for the covariance between sibling conflict and sleep duration and total sleep problems. Findings hold promise for interventions, including educating parents about fostering positive sibling relationships and healthy sleep habits.
Conversations about children's transgressions against siblings and friends: Maternal moral socialization strategies are sensitive to relationship context
Authors: Scirocco Alyssa , Recchia Holly E. , Wainryb Cecilia , Pasupathi Monisha 
Published: April 2018

AbstractThis study investigated the moral socialization strategies that mothers use in conversations about their children's experiences of harming their siblings as compared with their friends. The sample included 101 mothers and their 7‐, 11‐, or 16‐year‐old children; each dyad discussed events when the child (a) harmed a younger sibling and (b) harmed a friend (order counterbalanced). Analyses indicated that when children harmed their siblings, mothers were more likely to emphasize their children's wrongdoings, the effects of harm, insights about the self and de‐escalatory strategies. In contrast, when children harmed their friends, mothers mitigated their responsibility for harm, focused on consequences for the relationship, and discussed reparative strategies. These patterns were not typically moderated by age; that is, distinctions in socialization strategies across relationships were largely maintained across middle childhood and adolescence. Findings provide empirical support for recent theorizing that parents respond flexibly to children's varied experiences of harm, and suggest that moral socialization practices take into account the unique features of children's relationships with different types of age‐mates (e.g., the relatively uninhibited quality of sibling harm and the voluntary nature of children's friendships).
How to retrench the welfare state: Attitudes in the general population
Authors: Cappelen Alexander W. , Cappelen Cornelius , Kuhnle Stein , Tungodden Bertil 
Published: April 2018

AbstractIn recent years, many countries have faced pressure to cut the costs of the welfare state, and different strategies have been utilized to achieve this, including stricter eligibility requirements, reduced level of benefits, and reduced maximum duration of benefits. This contribution reports the results from a Norwegian survey designed to measure which of these strategies the general population would prefer in a situation where the government has to tighten various social security schemes. For a given reduction in total costs, there is a trade‐off between the desire to avoid large individual benefit reductions and the desire to protect some groups of benefit recipients from any cuts. Different preferences for how to retrench the welfare state will reflect how individuals trade off these concerns. We find a striking association between political affiliation and preferred retrenchment strategy. Right‐wingers typically prefer to tighten the eligibility criteria, while left‐wingers typically prefer to reduce the benefit level. Furthermore, our results indicate that labor market outsiders are less in favor of tightening the eligibility criteria, but more in favor of reducing the maximum duration of benefits, than labor market insiders. This article contributes to the literature on welfare state retrenchment by examining which retrenchment strategy that the public prefers, which in turn sheds light on which measures that are likely to receive popular support from different demographics in the population.
Migrants' support for welfare state spending in Denmark, Germany, and the Netherlands
Authors: Lubbers Marcel , Diehl Claudia , Kuhn Theresa , Larsen Christian Albrekt 
Published: April 2018

AbstractThis contribution describes differences between 10 migrant groups and natives in their attitudes towards government spending in three residence countries: Denmark, Germany, and the Netherlands. Previous research provided evidence that “migrants” as a catch‐all category of people from different origins are in favor of more government spending on social welfare. We study to what extent support for government spending can be explained by self‐interest explanations of welfare state attitudes as well as by differences in ideological position. The contribution employs data from the Migrants' Welfare State Attitudes project, including migrant groups from similar origins in Denmark, Germany, and the Netherlands. The study moves beyond the larger migrant groups of Turks and Poles that received attention in previous research as well, and includes a greater variety of groups that differ in terms of their skill levels. The overall finding is that migrants' welfare state spending preferences are, as in the case of natives, significantly related to socio‐demographic differences and standard ideology measures of attitudes to regulation of the economy and family values. However, even with these standard variables included, spending preferences differ strongly between migrant groups, residence countries, and welfare spending domain. A comparison between country of origin and residence country provisions seems to be a promising path for further understanding migrant group differences in welfare state spending attitudes. The study challenges the idea that all migrants are supportive of extended welfare state arrangements.
The contribution of deliberative forums to studying welfare state attitudes: A United Kingdom study
Authors: Taylor‐Gooby Peter , Chung Heejung , Leruth Benjamin 
Published: April 2018

AbstractThis article introduces democratic forums as a method of studying attitudes towards the welfare state, and sets out briefly its strengths and weaknesses in comparison with existing methods. This is done by reporting the findings of a 2015 two‐day forum based in the United Kingdom, in which the future of the welfare state was discussed by a largely representative sample of participants. The results show that participants linked both moral and economic arguments to come to two major framings that could encompass the debates surrounding the future of welfare states. One focuses on the inefficiencies of the welfare state, which found that welfare resources were largely misdirected and unsustainable. The other focuses on the possibilities for improving it via social investment, for example providing individuals with better training and education opportunities. The democratic forum method is helpful in allowing researchers to investigate the conceptual framings people use when thinking about the welfare state, and to see how people link different concepts and justifications together to argue their position. We argue that such framing can be distinct from that used and understood by policymakers and academics, and those applied in the more commonly used large scale surveys.
The Physcomitrella patens gene atlas project: large‐scale RNA‐seq based expression data
Authors: Perroud Pierre‐François , Haas Fabian B. , Hiss Manuel , Ullrich Kristian K. , Alboresi Alessandro , Amirebrahimi Mojgan , Barry Kerrie , Bassi Roberto , Bonhomme Sandrine , Chen Haodong , Coates Juliet C. , Fujita Tomomichi , Guyon‐Debast Anouchka , Lang Daniel , Lin Junyan , Lipzen Anna , Nogué Fabien , Oliver Melvin J. , Ponce de León Inés , Quatrano Ralph S. , Rameau Catherine , Reiss Bernd , Reski Ralf , Ricca Mariana , Saidi Younousse , Sun Ning , Szövényi Péter , Sreedasyam Avinash , Grimwood Jane , Stacey Gary , Schmutz Jeremy , Rensing Stefan A. 
Published: April 2018

SummaryHigh‐throughput RNA sequencing (RNA‐seq) has recently become the method of choice to define and analyze transcriptomes. For the model moss Physcomitrella patens, although this method has been used to help analyze specific perturbations, no overall reference dataset has yet been established. In the framework of the Gene Atlas project, the Joint Genome Institute selected P. patens as a flagship genome, opening the way to generate the first comprehensive transcriptome dataset for this moss. The first round of sequencing described here is composed of 99 independent libraries spanning 34 different developmental stages and conditions. Upon dataset quality control and processing through read mapping, 28 509 of the 34 361 v3.3 gene models (83%) were detected to be expressed across the samples. Differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were calculated across the dataset to permit perturbation comparisons between conditions. The analysis of the three most distinct and abundant P. patens growth stages – protonema, gametophore and sporophyte – allowed us to define both general transcriptional patterns and stage‐specific transcripts. As an example of variation of physico‐chemical growth conditions, we detail here the impact of ammonium supplementation under standard growth conditions on the protonemal transcriptome. Finally, the cooperative nature of this project allowed us to analyze inter‐laboratory variation, as 13 different laboratories around the world provided samples. We compare differences in the replication of experiments in a single laboratory and between different laboratories.