bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Relation of postoperative serum S100A12 levels to delirium and cognitive dysfunction occurring after hip fracture surgery in elderly patients
Authors: Li Qing‐Hua , Yu Liang , Yu Zheng‐Wei , Fan Xiao‐Liang , Yao Wang‐Xiang , Ji Cheng , Deng Fang , Luo Xian‐Zhe , Sun Jian‐Liang 
Published: December 2018

AbstractObjectiveBrain injury is implicated in pathogenesis of postoperative delirium (POD) and cognitive dysfunction (POCD). S100A12 is involved in inflammatory process and is recently known as a biomarker for brain injury. Herein, we clarified whether serum S100A12 levels are related to POD and POCD after hip fracture surgery in elderly patients.Materials and MethodsIn this prospective, observational study, we gauged S100A12 levels in preoperative and postoperative serum from 186 patients and serum from 186 controls. Patients were categorized according to the presence of POD and POCD.ResultsPostoperative, but not preoperative serum S100A12 levels were significantly higher in patients than in controls. There was a positive and independent correlation between postoperative C‐reactive protein and S100A12 levels (t = 8.797, p < 0.001). Postoperative S10012 levels and age were independently associated with the risk of developing POD (S100A12 levels: odds ratio [OR] = 1.166, 95% confidence interval [CI] = 1.045–2.087, p = 0.001; age: OR = 1.243, 95% CI = 1.073–1.419, p = 0.012) and POCD (S100A12: OR = 1.157, 95% CI = 1.030–1.986, p = 0.003; age: OR = 1.228, 95% CI = 1.054–1.387, p = 0.014). In terms of area under receiver operating characteristic curve, postoperative S100A12 levels had a higher predictive ability than age and their combination dramatically exceeded that of each one alone.ConclusionsPostoperative elevated serum S100A12 levels have a strong relation to inflammation and are associated independently with the development of POD and POCD, substantializing serum S100A12 as a potential biomarker for predicting POD and POCD in elderly patients undergoing hip fracture surgery.
Brominated Diphenyl Ethers Including a New Tribromoiododiphenyl Ether from the Vietnamese Marine Sponge Arenosclera sp. and Their Antibacterial Activities
Authors: Ki Dae‐Won , Awouafack Maurice Ducret , Wong Chin Piow , Nguyen Hien Minh , Thai Quang Minh , Ton Nu Lien Huong , Morita Hiroyuki 
Published: December 2018

AbstractA new tribromoiododiphenyl ether (1) and eight known brominated diphenyl ethers (2–9) were isolated from the MeOH extract of the sponge Arenosclera sp. collected in Vietnam, using repeated open column chromatography and preparative thin layer chromatography. The chemical structure of the new compound 1 was determined by analyses of spectroscopic (1D‐ and 2D‐NMR, and MS) data and by comparison of our data with those reported in the literature. Compounds 1, 3, and 8 exhibited strong antibacterial activities against the Gram‐positive bacteria Bacillus subtilis and Staphylococcus aureus and the Gram‐negative bacterium Klebsiella pneumoniae with MIC values ranging from 0.8 to 6.3 μm, while compounds 5 and 7 only displayed activities against Gram‐positive bacteria with MIC values from 0.5 to 3.1 μm. Compound 2 showed activities against the four tested bacteria with MIC values ranging from 0.5 to 6.3 μm.
Enhancement of Visible‐Light Photocatalytic Hydrogen Production by CeCO3OH in g‐C3N4/CeO2 System
Authors: Tong Rui , Sun Zhi , Zhong Xiongwei , Wang Xina , Xu Jincheng , Yang Ye , Xu Baomin , Wang Shuangpeng , Pan Hui 
Published: December 2018

AbstractPromoting the separation of photo‐generated carriers is significantly important to improve the efficiency of photocatalytic hydrogen production. Therefore, we prepared g‐C3N4/CeCO3OH/CeO2 (CeCeCN) ternary nanocomposite via an easy synthetic way using g‐C3N4 and CeO2 as reactants. A CeCO3OH layer was formed and resulted in the novel ternary photocatalyst. The CeCeCN composite shows superior photocatalytic (PC) H2 generation performance in sunlight excitation. The H2 evolution rate is about 764 μmol h−1 g−1, which is over 11 times larger than those of g‐C3N4 and CeO2. Compared with g‐C3N4 and CeO2, CeCeCN further shows a larger photo‐response current density and a lower charge‐transfer resistance. The remarkably increased photocatalytic property of CeCeCN is because of the efficient charge migration induced by the formed heterojunction. Our findings demonstrate that building multi‐heterostructures can liberate more excited electrons for efficient hydrogen production under sunlight.
Predictors of improvement in arrhythmia‐specific symptoms and health‐related quality of life after catheter ablation of atrial fibrillation
Authors: Barmano Neshro , Charitakis Emmanouil , Karlsson Jan‐Erik , Nystrom Fredrik H. , Walfridsson Håkan , Walfridsson Ulla 
Published: December 2018

BackgroundThe primary goal of radiofrequency ablation (RFA) of atrial fibrillation (AF) is to improve symptoms and health‐related quality of life (HRQoL). However, most studies have focused on predictors of AF recurrence rather than on predictors of improvement in symptoms and HRQoL.HypothesisWe sought to explore predictors of improvement in arrhythmia‐specific symptoms and HRQoL after RFA of AF, and to evaluate the effects on symptoms, HRQoL, anxiety, and depression.MethodsWe studied 192 patients undergoing their first RFA of AF. The Medical Outcomes Study 36‐Item Short‐Form Health Survey (SF‐36), arrhythmia‐specific questionnaire in tachycardia and arrhythmia (ASTA), and hospital anxiety and depression scale (HADS) questionnaires were filled out at baseline, at 4 months, and at a 1‐year follow‐up.ResultsAll questionnaire scale scores improved significantly over time. In the ASTA symptom scale score, female gender and > 10 AF episodes the month before RFA were significant positive predictors of improvement, while diabetes and AF recurrence within 12 months after RFA were significant negative predictors (R2 = 0.18; P < 0.001). In the ASTA HRQoL scale score, the presence of heart failure and > 10 AF episodes the month before RFA were significant positive predictors of improvement, while diabetes, maximum left atrial volume and AF recurrence were significant negative predictors (R2 = 0.20; P < 0.001).ConclusionLeft atrial volume, gender, diabetes, heart failure, the frequency of AF attacks prior to RFA, and recurrence of AF after RFA were significant factors affecting improvement in symptoms and HRQoL after RFA of AF. Future studies are warranted to confirm these findings.
A Triazolotriazine‐Based Dual GSK‐3β/CK‐1δ Ligand as a Potential Neuroprotective Agent Presenting Two Different Mechanisms of Enzymatic Inhibition
Authors: Redenti Sara , Marcovich Irene , De Vita Teresa , Pérez Concepción , De Zorzi Rita , Demitri Nicola , Perez Daniel I. , Bottegoni Giovanni , Bisignano Paola , Bissaro Maicol , Moro Stefano , Martinez Ana , Storici Paola , Spalluto Giampiero , Cavalli Andrea , Federico Stephanie 
Published: December 2018

AbstractGlycogen synthase kinase 3β (GSK‐3β) and casein kinase 1δ (CK‐1δ) are emerging targets for the treatment of neuroinflammatory disorders, including Parkinson's disease. An inhibitor able to target these two kinases was developed by docking‐based design. Compound 12, 3‐(7‐amino‐5‐(cyclohexylamino)‐[1,2,4]triazolo[1,5‐a][1,3,5]triazin‐2‐yl)‐2‐cyanoacrylamide, showed combined inhibitory activity against GSK‐3β and CK‐1δ [IC50(GSK‐3β)=0.17 μm; IC50(CK‐1δ)=0.68 μm]. In particular, classical ATP competition was observed against CK‐1δ, and a co‐crystal of compound 12 inside GSK‐3β confirmed a covalent interaction between the cyanoacrylamide warhead and Cys199, which could help in the development of more potent covalent inhibitors of GSK‐3β. Preliminary studies on in vitro models of Parkinson's disease revealed that compound 12 is not cytotoxic and shows neuroprotective activity. These results encourage further investigations to validate GSK‐3β/CK‐1δ inhibition as a possible new strategy to treat neuroinflammatory/degenerative diseases.
Halide‐Induced Leaching of Pt Nanoparticles – Manipulation of Particle Size by Controlled Ostwald Ripening
Authors: Neumann Sarah , Schröder Johanna , Bizzotto Francesco , Arenz Matthias , Dworzak Alexandra , Oezaslan Mehtap , Bäumer Marcus , Kunz Sebastian 
Published: December 2018

AbstractThe synthesis of “surfactant‐free” Pt nanoparticles (NPs) in alkaline ethylene glycol (EG), initially introduced in 2000, is of fundamental interest for the preparation of catalysts. Often a suspension of colloidal Pt NPs prepared by this method is stored and upon demand further processed to obtain supported catalysts such as Pt−C or Pt−Al2O3. In this study it is shown that in such colloidal suspensions in the presence of halides, e. g. from the metal precursor salt, leaching of Pt NPs takes place. Metal leaching poses a significant challenge for catalyst stability. However, if the reaction conditions are chosen appropriately, the here identified leaching process can be utilized to achieve particle growth by Ostwald ripening in a controlled manner. By changing the chemical nature of the metal precursor salt and variation of the reaction time, Pt NPs with a narrow size distribution between 1 to 4 nm are obtained without any need of surfactants. Subsequently, the obtained particles can be transferred into low‐boiling organic solvents, which then allows for coating of deliberately chosen supports to prepare e. g. model catalyst which are tailored in terms of particle size and support material. The suitability of such materials for catalytic investigations is demonstrated by using CO oxidation as a model reaction and it is shown that the catalytic activity (surface normalized) depends on the size of Pt NPs under the applied reaction conditions.
S3BD: Secure semantic search over encrypted big data in the cloud
Authors: Woodworth Jason W. , Amini Salehi Mohsen 
Published: December 2018

SummaryCloud storage is a widely utilized service for both personal and enterprise demands. However, despite its advantages, many potential users with enormous amounts of sensitive data (big data) refrain from fully utilizing the cloud storage service due to valid concerns about data privacy. An established solution to the cloud data privacy problem is to perform encryption on the client‐end. This approach, however, restricts data processing capabilities (eg, searching over the data). Accordingly, the research problem we investigate is how to enable real‐time searching over the encrypted big data in the cloud. In particular, semantic search is of interest to clients dealing with big data. To address this problem, in this research, we develop a system (termed S3BD) for searching big data using cloud services without exposing any data to cloud providers. To keep real‐time response on big data, S3BD proactively prunes the search space to a subset of the whole dataset. For that purpose, we propose a method to cluster the encrypted data. An abstract of each cluster is maintained on the client‐end to navigate the search operation to appropriate clusters at the search time. Results of experiments, carried out on real‐world big datasets, demonstrate that the search operation can be achieved in real‐time and is significantly more efficient than other counterparts. In addition, a fully functional prototype of S3BD is made publicly available.
Atypical Film‐Forming Behavior of Soluble Tetra‐3‐Nitro‐Substituted Copper Phthalocyanine
Authors: Zaitseva Svetlana V. , Bettini Simona , Valli Ludovico , Kolker Arkadiy M. , Borovkov Nicholas Y. 
Published: December 2018

AbstractThin films of metal phthalocyanines (MPc) are known to exhibit excellent physical properties but poorly controlled morphologies. Therefore, the present work seeks to understand the film growth mechanism of a model compound for potentially usable MPc, specifically, copper tetra(3‐nitro‐5‐tert‐butyl)phthalocyanine (CuPc*). The Langmuir‐Schaefer (LS) technique was applied to prepare a series of CuPc* films under different processing conditions. The film growth was examined by Brewster angle microscopy (BAM) on the water surface and small‐angle X‐ray scattering (SAXS) from the solid films. Neutron reflectometry (NR) measurements of the water uptake into the films and computer simulation of hydrated CuPc* were performed to substantiate an idea of colloidal MPc‐water aggregates as nanoscale precursors of smooth solid films. This idea appears fruitful in terms of materials chemistry.
Memory CD4+ T cells enhance B‐cell responses to drifting influenza immunization
Authors: Gage Emily , Van Hoeven Neal , Dubois Cauwelaert Natasha , Larsen Sasha E. , Erasmus Jesse , Orr Mark T. , Coler Rhea N. 
Published: December 2018

AbstractInfluenza A annually infects 5–10% of the world's human population resulting in one million deaths. Influenza causes annual epidemics and reinfects previously exposed individuals because of antigenic drift in the glycoprotein hemagglutinin. Due to antigenic drift, the immune system is simultaneously exposed to novel and conserved parts of the influenza virus via vaccination and/or infection throughout life. Preexisting immunity has long been known to augment subsequent hemagglutination inhibitory antibody (hAb) responses. However, the preexisting immunological contributors that influence hAb responses are not understood. Therefore, we adapted and developed sequential infection and immunization mouse models using drifted influenza strains to show that MHC Class II haplotype and T‐cell reactivity influences subsequent hAb responses. We found that CB6F1 mice infected with A/CA followed by immunization with A/PR8 have increased hAb responses to A/PR8 compared to C57BL/6 mice. Increased hAb responses in CB6F1 mice were CD4+ T‐cell and B‐cell dependent and corresponded to increased germinal center A/PR8‐specific B and T‐follicular helper cells. These results suggest conserved MHC Class II restricted epitopes within HA are essential for B cells to respond to drifting influenza and could be leveraged to boost hAb responses.
Synthesis and olfactory properties of Phantolide analogues in racemic and optically active forms
Authors: Kawasaki Masashi , Kuroyanagi Saki , Ito Takuya , Morita Hiroyuki , Tanaka Yasuo , Toyooka Naoki 
Published: December 2018

AbstractThe racemates, (+)‐ and (–)‐enantiomers, of eight novel Phantolide analogues, which are non‐natural musk odorants, were synthesized. The key step of the asymmetric synthesis was the lipase‐catalysed enantioselective transesterification of a racemic primary alcohol, and the resultant two enantiomers of the primary alcohol were used as intermediates for further transformations. The odour profiles of all of the synthesized Phantolide analogues were evaluated. Some interesting findings on the odour profiles of the analogues are reported here.
The influence of graphical format on judgmental forecasting accuracy: Lines versus points
Authors: Theocharis Zoe , Smith Leonard A. , Harvey Nigel 
Published: December 2018

AbstractPeople made forecasts from real data series. The points in the series were un‐trended and independent. Hence, forecasts should have been on the mean value. However, consistent with previous research on forecasting biases, forecasts were too close to the last data point. It appears that forecasters see positive sequential dependence where none exists. In three experiments, we examined this bias in different types of forecasting task: point forecasting, probability density forecasting, and interval forecasting. In all cases, we found that it was greater when the data series were displayed using continuous line graphs than when it was displayed using discrete point graphs. Consistent with arguments made by Zacks and Tversky (Memory and Cognition, 27:1073, 1999), we suggest that people are more likely to group data together and to see patterns in them when those data are presented in a continuous than in a discrete format. These findings have implications for forecasting practice.
Astrocyte progenitor transplantation promotes regeneration of bulbospinal respiratory axons, recovery of diaphragm function, and a reduced macrophage response following cervical spinal cord injury
Authors: Goulão Miguel , Ghosh Biswarup , Urban Mark W. , Sahu Malya , Mercogliano Christina , Charsar Brittany A. , Komaravolu Sreeya , Block Cole G. , Smith George M. , Wright Megan C. , Lepore Angelo C. 
Published: December 2018

AbstractStem/progenitor cell transplantation delivery of astrocytes is a potentially powerful strategy for spinal cord injury (SCI). Axon extension into SCI lesions that occur spontaneously or in response to experimental manipulations is often observed along endogenous astrocyte “bridges,” suggesting that augmenting this response via astrocyte lineage transplantation can enhance axon regrowth. Given the importance of respiratory dysfunction post‐SCI, we transplanted glial‐restricted precursors (GRPs)—a class of lineage‐restricted astrocyte progenitors—into the C2 hemisection model and evaluated effects on diaphragm function and the growth response of descending rostral ventral respiratory group (rVRG) axons that innervate phrenic motor neurons (PhMNs). GRPs survived long term and efficiently differentiated into astrocytes in injured spinal cord. GRPs promoted significant recovery of diaphragm electromyography amplitudes and stimulated robust regeneration of injured rVRG axons. Although rVRG fibers extended across the lesion, no regrowing axons re‐entered caudal spinal cord to reinnervate PhMNs, suggesting that this regeneration response—although impressive—was not responsible for recovery. Within ipsilateral C3‐5 ventral horn (PhMN location), GRPs induced substantial sprouting of spared fibers originating in contralateral rVRG and 5‐HT axons that are important for regulating PhMN excitability; this sprouting was likely involved in functional effects of GRPs. Finally, GRPs reduced the macrophage response (which plays a key role in inducing axon retraction and limiting regrowth) both within the hemisection and at intact caudal spinal cord surrounding PhMNs. These findings demonstrate that astrocyte progenitor transplantation promotes significant plasticity of rVRG‐PhMN circuitry and restoration of diaphragm function and suggest that these effects may be in part through immunomodulation.
Effect of serpinE1 overexpression on the primary tumor and lymph node, and lung metastases in head and neck squamous cell carcinoma
Authors: Arroyo‐Solera Irene , Pavón Miguel Ángel , León Xavier , López Montserrat , Gallardo Alberto , Céspedes María Virtudes , Casanova Isolda , Pallarès Víctor , López‐Pousa Antonio , Mangues María Antonia , Barnadas Agustí , Quer Miquel , Mangues Ramón 
Published: December 2018

AbstractBackgroundSerpin Family E Member 1 (SerpinE1) overexpression associates with poor clinical outcome in head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) patients. This study analyzed the role of serpinE1 in HNSCC dissemination.MethodsWe studied the phenotypic characteristics and dissemination of HNSCC cells overexpressing serpinE1 using an orthotopic model and the association between serpinE1 overexpression and clinicopathological variables in patients included in The Cancer Genome Atlas database.ResultsSerpinE1 overexpression increased proliferation, tumor budding, and the stromal component, while inhibiting apoptosis in primary tumors. It also enhanced the affectation and metastatic growth in lymph nodes, and the dispersion and growth of metastatic foci in the lung. High serpinE1 expression was associated with larger tumor size, undifferentiated tumors, lymph node metastasis, extracapsular spread, and the presence of perineural and angiolymphatic invasion.ConclusionSerpinE1 overexpression promotes tumor aggressiveness and metastatic dissemination to lymph nodes and lung consistently with its association with poor outcome in HNSCC patients.
Prospective cross‐sectional study assessing prevalence and factors affecting trismus after multimodal treatment for oral cancers
Authors: Pantvaidya Gouri , Sivasanker Masillamany , Ranganathan Priya , Pai Prathamesh , D'Cruz Anil 
Published: December 2018

AbstractBackgroundTrismus is a common complication following treatment for oral cancers. However, its incidence in site‐specific cancers is not adequately studied. The purpose of this study was to assess the prevalence and risk factors associated with trismus in treated patients with oral cancer.MethodsThe maximal mouth opening in treated oral cancers was measured. Logistic regression analysis was performed to find risk factors for developing trismus in the entire cohort and in a subgroup of patients with gingivobuccal complex cancers.ResultsA total of 401 patients were enrolled. The prevalence of trismus was 72.8%. On multivariate analysis, adjuvant therapy and submucous fibrosis were independent predictors. Reconstruction and method of reconstruction did not affect trismus. Bialveolar resections had significantly higher incidence of trismus.DiscussionHigh prevalence of trismus was seen in patients following multimodal therapy for oral cancers. Adequate reconstruction alone may not prevent trismus and aggressive rehabilitation is key to its prevention.
Fully convolutional networks in multimodal nonlinear microscopy images for automated detection of head and neck carcinoma: Pilot study
Authors: Rodner Erik , Bocklitz Thomas , von Eggeling Ferdinand , Ernst Günther , Chernavskaia Olga , Popp Jürgen , Denzler Joachim , Guntinas‐Lichius Orlando 
Published: December 2018

AbstractBackgroundA fully convolutional neural networks (FCN)‐based automated image analysis algorithm to discriminate between head and neck cancer and noncancerous epithelium based on nonlinear microscopic images was developed.MethodsHead and neck cancer sections were used for standard histopathology and co‐registered with multimodal images from the same sections using the combination of coherent anti‐Stokes Raman scattering, two‐photon excited fluorescence, and second harmonic generation microscopy. The images analyzed with semantic segmentation using a FCN for four classes: cancer, normal epithelium, background, and other tissue types.ResultsA total of 114 images of 12 patients were analyzed. Using a patch score aggregation, the average recognition rate and an overall recognition rate or the four classes were 88.9% and 86.7%, respectively. A total of 113 seconds were needed to process a whole‐slice image in the dataset.ConclusionMultimodal nonlinear microscopy in combination with automated image analysis using FCN seems to be a promising technique for objective differentiation between head and neck cancer and noncancerous epithelium.