bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Utilization and outcomes of polytetrafluoroethylene covered stents in patients with coronary artery perforation and coronary artery aneurysm: Single center 15‐year experience
Authors: Parikh Parth , Banerjee Kinjal , Sammour Yasser , Ali Ambreen F. , Sankaramangalam Kesavan , Nair Ravi , Ellis Stephen , Raymond Russell , Tuzcu E. Murat , Kapadia Samir 
Published: August 2019

AbstractObjectivesDetermine the outcomes of polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) covered stents for coronary artery perforation (CAP) and coronary artery aneurysm (CAA).BackgroundPTFE covered stents have been used for treatment of potentially life‐threatening CAP and CAA. The short and long‐term outcomes of the PTFE covered stent for CAP and CAA have not been well studied.MethodsWe performed a retrospective study of PTFE covered stents that were placed in the patients from 2003 to 2017. Short term outcomes included in‐hospital mortality, pericardial effusion, cardiac tamponade, and length of stay. Long‐term outcomes included target lesion revascularization (TLR), in‐stent restenosis (ISR), and long‐term mortality.ResultsFifty‐three PTFE covered stents were placed in 32 patients of which there were 24 patients with a CAP with a mean age of 75 ± 8 years. Two patients died in‐hospital, with no additional deaths at 30 days. The rate of ISR was 25%, with estimated rates of TLR of 2.6% (3 years) and 17.8% (5 years). The median survival was 55.6 months, with survival at 10 years estimated to be 30.9%. Eight patients received a PTFE covered stent for CAA with a mean age of 59 ± 15 years with no in‐hospital or 30‐day mortality. Median follow‐up of 49 months showed no evidence of TLR. The all‐cause mortality was 12% at 1 year and 38% at 3 years.ConclusionsPTFE covered stents is an effective option in patients with CAP and CAA. The long‐term outcomes may be related to the pathology of the disease rather than the stent itself.
Impact of complete percutaneous revascularization in elderly patients with chronic total occlusion
Authors: Valenti Renato , Migliorini Angela , De Gregorio Maria Grazia , Martone Raffaele , Berteotti Martina , Bernardini Andrea , Carrabba Nazario , Vergara Ruben , Marchionni Niccolò , Antoniucci David 
Published: August 2019

AbstractObjectiveThe aim of the study was to assess the prognostic impact of successful chronic total occlusion (CTO) percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) and completeness of revascularization in the elderly.BackgroundSuccessful CTO‐PCI is associated with clinical benefit. Notwithstanding elderly patients are currently underrepresented in CTO‐PCI randomized controlled trials and registries.MethodsFrom the Florence CTO‐PCI registry 1,405 patients underwent CTO‐PCI between 2004 and 2015; out of these, 460 consecutive patients were ≥75 years. End point of the study was long‐term cardiac survival. The prognostic impact of successful CTO‐PCI and complete revascularization on survival was assessed by Kaplan–Meier estimation and by Cox multivariable regression analysis.ResultsPatients were stratified according to success (72%) or failure of CTO‐PCI. Completeness of revascularization was achieved in 57% of patients. Five‐year cardiac survival was significantly higher in the successful CTO‐PCI group (84 ± 3% vs. 72 ± 6%; p = .006) and it was further improved if complete coronary revascularization was achieved (90 ± 3% vs. 68 ± 5%; p < .001). At multivariable analysis, increasing age (hazard ratio [HR] 1.08; p = .001), diabetes (HR 1.55; p = .033), chronic kidney disease (HR 1.96, p = .002), left ventricular ejection fraction <0.40 (HR 2.10; p < .001), and completeness of revascularization (HR 0.58; p < .005) resulted independently associated with long‐term cardiac survival.ConclusionsIn the elderly successful CTO‐PCI is associated with a long‐term survival benefit. The results of this study suggest that, even in the elderly, a CTO‐PCI attempt should be considered to achieve complete coronary revascularization.
Impact of Organic Solvents on Physicochemical Properties of Nanofiltration and Reverse‐Osmosis Membranes
Authors: Rezzadori Katia , Penha Frederico M. , Proner Mariane C. , Zin Guilherme , Petrus José C. C. , Di Luccio Marco 
Published: August 2019

AbstractPolymeric membranes subjected to the permeation of n‐hexane were characterized and the influence of pretreatment with ethanol on the properties of the membranes was studied to assess membrane performance and stability. The results suggest that the selectivity of the membrane depends not only on the pore size, but also to a great extent on the interaction between solvent and polymer. An increase in membrane roughness and contact angle was observed for all membranes after pretreatment with ethanol and n‐hexane permeation. Moreover, the surface free energy decreased after solvents exposure, indicating an increase in membrane surface hydrophobicity and polymer swelling. The studied membranes show feasibility of use for the recovery of solvents, if suitable process parameters are selected.
Dual‐Graphite Batteries with Flame‐Retardant Electrolyte Solutions
Authors: Zhang Lei , Wang Hongyu 
Published: August 2019

AbstractAlthough trimethyl phosphate (TMP)‐based electrolyte solutions are effective to resist flames in non‐aqueous electrical energy storage devices, they are usually not so compatible with Li‐graphite negative electrodes. Herein, we solve this problem by increasing the concentration of LiPF6 salt in the solution. A benchmark graphite negative electrode (MCMB, mesocarbon microbeads) can deliver a capacity over 325 mAh g−1 and maintain good cyclability in a solution of 3 M LiPF6‐ethyl methyl carbonate (EMC)/TMP (7 : 3 by vol.). Moreover, our previous work has confirmed that the graphite positive electrode also works very well in the above solution. Therefore, this solution can cater to both anion‐graphite and Li‐graphite intercalation electrodes, which enables the construction of dual‐graphite batteries (DGBs). There are some problems arising during the DGB operation, and corresponding strategies are proposed.
Synthesis and characterization of novel polymer matrix composites reinforced with max phases (Ti3SiC2, Ti3AlC2, and Cr2AlC) or MoAlB by fused deposition modeling
Authors: Hall Kathryn , Dey Maharshi , Matzke Caleb , Gupta Surojit 
Published: August 2019

AbstractIn this paper, we report the synthesis and characterization of polylactic acid (PLA)‐MAX (Ti3SiC2, Ti3AlC2, and Cr2AlC) and PLA‐MoAlB composites by fused deposition modeling (FDM). Detailed scanning electron microscopy (SEM) studies showed that the particulate phases are uniformly dispersed in the PLA matrix of 3D‐printed samples. Differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) results showed that the addition of MAX phases promoted crystallization of PLA matrix as compared to MoAlB particulates. The mechanical testing results showed that the PLA matrix is sensitive to the addition of MAX or MoAlB phases, for example, PLA‐5 wt% Ti3SiC2, PLA‐5 wt% Ti3AlC2, and PLA‐5 wt% Cr2AlC had a UTS of ~39 MPa, ~30.5 MPa, and ~38.7 MPa as compared to ~41.5 MPa in pure PLA. Comparatively, PLA‐5 wt% MoAlB had a UTS of ~23.2 MPa which shows that predominantly amorphous PLA‐MoAlB composites have lower strength. The tribological behavior improved after the addition of 1 wt% additives, for example, in PLA‐Cr2AlC, the friction coefficient decreased by 76% to ~0.26 from ~0.34 in pure PLA, and the WR marginally decreased in PLA‐1 wt% Cr2AlC to ~2.2 × 10−5 mm3/Nm as compared to 7.7 × 10−5 mm3/Nm in PLA. SEM investigations of the tribosurfaces showed the tribology is governed by the formation of tribofilms. The wettability study showed that all the 3D‐printed samples are hydrophilic in nature.
The [4+2]‐Cycloaddition of α‐Nitrosoalkenes with Thiochalcones as a Prototype of Periselective Hetero‐Diels–Alder Reactions—Experimental and Computational Studies
Authors: Mlostoń Grzegorz , Urbaniak Katarzyna , Jasiński Marcin , Würthwein Ernst‐Ulrich , Heimgartner Heinz , Zimmer Reinhold , Reissig Hans‐Ulrich 
Published: August 2019

AbstractThe [4+2]‐cycloadditions of α‐nitrosoalkenes with thiochalcones occur with high selectivity at the thioketone moiety of the dienophile providing styryl‐substituted 4H‐1,5,2‐oxathiazines in moderate to good yields. Of the eight conceivable hetero‐Diels–Alder adducts only this isomer was observed, thus a prototype of a highly periselective and regioselective cycloaddition has been identified. Analysis of crude product mixtures revealed that the α‐nitrosoalkene also adds competitively to the thioketone moiety of the thiochalcone dimer affording bis‐heterocyclic [4+2]‐cycloadducts. The experiments are supported by high‐level DFT calculations that were also extended to related hetero‐Diels–Alder reactions of other nitroso compounds and thioketones. These calculations reveal that the title cycloadditions are kinetically controlled processes confirming the role of thioketones as superdienophiles. The computational study was also applied to the experimentally studied thiochalcone dimerization, and showed that the 1,2‐dithiin and 2H‐thiopyran isomers are in equilibrium with the monomer. Again, the DFT calculations indicate kinetic control of this process.
Improving enantiomeric resolutions by avoiding peak distortion effects in on‐line coupled liquid chromatography to gas chromatography
Authors: Martínez Rosa M. , Barba Carmen , Robredo Sergio , Herraiz Marta 
Published: August 2019

AbstractIn this work, we study the effect of different variables affecting elution profile distortion on the enantiomeric resolution eventually achievable when working with on‐line coupled liquid chromatography to gas chromatography (LC‐GC). Specifically, the proposed configuration combines achiral reversed‐phase liquid chromatography (RPLC) and chiral gas chromatography (enantio‐GC), with heptakis‐(2,3,6‐tri‐O‐methyl)‐β‐cyclodextrin as enantioselective stationary phase to analyse target fractions transferred (from LC to GC) via the through oven transfer adsorption desorption (TOTAD) interface. The high degree of orthogonality resulting from the combination of two chromatographic columns having very different separation mechanisms (and also requiring mobile phases in distinct physical states), as well as integration of the sample preparation step in the first dimension of the system, significantly contributed to exploit the performance of the proposed two‐dimensional approach. Occasional adverse effects, which may result in severe peak distortions during LC‐GC analysis and could be explained by flow instabilities due to viscous fingering, are circumvented by using the outstanding capacity of the TOTAD interface for achieving effective elimination of the eluent arriving from the LC preseparation.
Design of compensation network with variable inductance for wide variation of coupling coefficient in inductive power transfer
Authors: Ðurić Radivoje , Pajnić Milan 
Published: August 2019

SummaryIn this paper, a design of the compensation network with a variable inductor is proposed, considering a wide variation of the coupling coefficient in the inductive power transfer (IPT). The characteristics of the proposed compensation network are analyzed with respect to the variable antenna coupling conditions. The realization of the zero voltage switching (ZVS) and the reactive power demand are discussed through the theoretical deduction and numerical simulation. Influence of the variable inductor on the compensation network characteristics is examined in detail, and the control algorithm for achieving the coupling independent constant output voltage is proposed. Detailed steps to design a prototype fulfilling all performance requirements are given. Verification of the proposed method was carried out on the experimental model. Recorded output voltage variation is within 5% over the wide coupling range, implying a quite well characteristic of the coupling independent voltage output. Experimental results match well with the calculations, validating the rightness of the proposed variable inductor tuning method.
Protection from illegal fishing and shark recovery restructures mesopredatory fish communities on a coral reef
Authors: Speed Conrad W. , Rees Matthew J. , Cure Katherine , Vaughan Brigit , Meekan Mark G. 
Published: August 2019

AbstractThe recovery of communities of predatory fishes within a no‐take marine reserve after the eradication of illegal fishing provides an opportunity to examine the role of sharks and other large‐bodied mesopredatory fishes in structuring reef fish communities. We used baited remote underwater video stations to investigate whether an increase in sharks was associated with a change in structure of the mesopredatory fish community at Ashmore Reef, Western Australia. We found an almost fourfold increase in shark abundance in reef habitat from 0.64 hr−1 ± 0.15 SE in 2004, when Ashmore Reef was being fished illegally, to 2.45 hr−1 ± 0.37 in 2016, after eight years of full‐time enforcement of the reserve. Shark recovery in reef habitat was accompanied by a two and a half‐fold decline in the abundance of small mesopredatory fishes (≤50 cm TL) (14.00 hr−1 ± 3.79 to 5.6 hr−1 ± 1.20) and a concomitant increase in large mesopredatory fishes (≥100 cm TL) from 1.82 hr−1 ± 0.48 to 4.27 hr−1 ± 0.93. In contrast, near‐reef habitats showed an increase in abundance of large mesopredatory fishes between years (2.00 hr−1 ± 0.65 to 4.56 hr−1 ± 1.11), although only smaller increases in sharks (0.67 hr−1 ± 0.25 to 1.22 hr−1 ± 0.34) and smaller mesopredatory fishes. Although the abundance of most mesopredatory groups increased with recovery from fishing, we suggest that the large decline of small mesopredatory fish in reef habitat was mostly due to higher predation pressure following the increase in sharks and large mesopredatory fishes. At the regional scale, the structure of fished communities at Ashmore Reef in 2004 resembled those of present day Scott Reefs, where fishing still continues today. In 2016, Ashmore fish communities resembled those of the Rowley Shoals, which have been protected from fishing for decades.
The impact of genetic diversity on the accuracy of DNA barcoding to identify species: A study on the genus Phellodendron
Authors: Zhang Zhi‐peng , Wang Xiao‐yue , Zhang Zhao , Yao Hui , Zhang Xiao‐mei , Zhang Yang , Zhang Ben‐gang 
Published: August 2019

AbstractDNA barcoding is widely used in species identification, but there is considerable controversy regarding the extent of sampling in research methods. Some scholars have proposed that this small sample size underestimates the intraspecific genetic diversity, which would impact on the accuracy of DNA barcoding to identify species. In study, we selected all Phellodendron species (including P. amurense Rupr., P. chinense Schneid., and P. chinense var. glabriusculum Schneid.) as the materials, collected 59 P. amurense samples from 35 populations greatly to represent the genetic diversity, and analyzed the haplotype, genetic distance, barcoding gap, and Neighbor‐Joining (NJ) trees based on psbA‐trnH and internal transcribed spacer gene sequences. Additionally, a sampling simulation was conducted to assess the correlation between genetic diversity and the number of populations. Finally, analysis of critical geographical populations was performed. Based on analysis of haplotype, genetic distance, barcoding gap, and NJ trees, we found that eight P. amurense samples impacted on the effectiveness of DNA barcoding, which genetic information were very important to identify Phellodendron species. Moreover, the result of the NJ tree analysis performed the small‐scale P. amurense sample size did not completely match the objective phylogenetic relationship in Phellodendron. In simulation sampling analysis, the data showed the genetic diversity indexes at the same population level gradually decreased and stabilized as the number of simulation sampling populations increased. We found that 1–2 samples from over 24 populations based on uniform geographical distribution could represent 80% of the genetic diversity of P. amurense and ensure authenticity and reliability of DNA barcoding. Thus, we proposed it is particularly important adequately samples to cover infraspecific genetic diversity in order to ensure identification accuracy of DNA barcoding.
Pareto optimal allocation of resistive‐type fault current limiters in active distribution networks with inverter‐interfaced and synchronous distributed generators
Authors: Chen Lei , Zhang Xuyang , Chen Hongkun , Li Guocheng , Yang Jun , Tian Xin , Xu Ying , Ren Li , Tang Yuejin 
Published: August 2019

AbstractTo efficiently reduce the fault currents of active distribution networks (ADNs), this paper proposes a novel methodology for Pareto optimal allocation of resistive‐type fault current limiters (R‐FCLs). The proposed approach enables to simultaneously optimize the number, location, and size of the R‐FCLs in the ADNs with inverter‐interfaced and synchronous distributed generators (DGs). The sensitivity analysis is introduced to rank candidate locations, and a constrained multiobjective function is created to minimize the cost of the R‐FCLs and the fault currents of the ADNs. An improved multiobjective particle swarm optimization (MOPSO) algorithm and a multiobjective artificial bee colony (MOABC) algorithm are designed to obtain the Pareto optimal solution set. The proposed approach is verified using the modified IEEE 33‐node and 69‐node distribution systems, where both centralized and dispersed access of DGs are considered. The numerical results demonstrate that: (a) The fault currents in all nodes of the two testing systems are limited to the permissible levels using the least capital cost of the R‐FCLs, and (b) the improved MOPSO outperforms the MOABC to achieve a better Pareto front and decrease the number of iterative computation. In consequence, the feasibility and superiority of the proposed approach are well validated.
Strategies for daytime slicing in future internet service providers
Authors: Gomes Rafael L. , da Ponte Francisco R. P. , Urbano Arthur C. , Bittencourt Luiz F. , Madeira Edmundo R. M. 
Published: August 2019

AbstractInternet became part of the human society, being a crucial tool for people's communication, information exchange, and content consumption. However, the Internet does not provide suitable Quality of Service (QoS) to guarantee the users, where several limitations compromise the users' Quality of Experience. Therefore, Internet Service Providers (ISPs) are including new technologies and management techniques to evolve to Future ISPs (FISPs). One promising technique for FISPs is the slicing of their network resources among clients and delivered services, where a strategy to define the structure of each slice is essential to improve QoS and resource utilization. Additionally, FISPs should consider the elastic resource utilization of the clients within periods of time through the day. Within this context, this article presents several strategies to define slices based on the daytime bandwidth requirements of the clients, where each strategy designed has singular characteristic that enhances aspects of the FISP, such as number of clients, resource saturation, bandwidth availability, adaptation, and others. Numerical results, considering existing network infrastructures, suggest that each strategy improves one or more of the FISP aspects according to its designing.
Phagocytic elimination of synapses by microglia during sleep
Authors: Choudhury Mohammed E. , Miyanishi Kazuya , Takeda Haruna , Islam Afsana , Matsuoka Nayu , Kubo Madoka , Matsumoto Shirabe , Kunieda Takeharu , Nomoto Masahiro , Yano Hajime , Tanaka Junya 
Published: August 2019

AbstractSynaptic strength reduces during sleep, but the underlying mechanisms of this process are unclear. This study showed reduction of synaptic proteins in rat prefrontal cortex (PFC) at AM7 or Zeitgeber Time (ZT0), when the light phase or sleeping period for rats started. At this time point, microglia were weakly activated, displaying larger and more granular somata with increased CD11b expression compared with those at ZT12, as revealed by flow cytometry. Expression of opsonins, such as complements or MFG‐E8, matrix metalloproteinases, and microglial markers at ZT0 were increased compared with that at ZT12. Microglia at ZT0 phagocytosed synapses, as revealed by immunohistochemical staining. Immunoblotting detected more synapsin I in the isolated microglia at ZT0 than at ZT12. Complement C3‐ or MFG‐E8‐bound synapses were the most abundant at ZT0, some of which were phagocytosed by microglia. Systemic administration of synthetic glucocorticoid dexamethasone reduced microglial size, granularity and CD11b expression at ZT0, resembling microglia at ZT12, and increased synaptic proteins and decreased the sleeping period. Noradrenaline (NA) suppressed glutamate‐induced phagocytosis in primary cultured microglia. Systemic administration of the brain monoamine‐depleting agent reserpine decreased NA content and synapsin I expression in PFC, and increased expression of microglia markers, C3 and MFG‐E8, while increasing the sleeping period. A NA precursor l‐threo‐dihydroxyphenylserine abolished the reserpine‐induced changes. These results suggest that microglia may eliminate presumably weak synapses during every sleep phase. The circadian changes in concentrations of circulating glucocorticoids and brain NA might be correlated with the circadian changes of microglial phenotypes and synaptic strength.
How the spatial distribution of grass contributes to controlling hillslope erosion
Authors: Pan Chengzhong , Ma Lan 
Published: August 2019

AbstractThe aim of this study was to investigate how the spatial distribution of grass influenced run‐off and erosion from a hillslope with loess and cinnamon soils in the rocky area of Northern China. We set up a trial to test the two soils with different treatments, including bare soil (BS), grass strips on the upper (UGS) and lower (DGS) parts of the slope, grass cover over the entire slope (GS), and a grass carpet on the lower part of the slope (GC), under simulated rainfall conditions. The results showed that the run‐off coefficients for the loess and cinnamon soils decreased by between 4% and 20% and by between 2% and 37%, respectively, when covered with grass. Grass spatial distribution had little effect on the run‐off, but more effect on erosion than vegetation coverage degree. The most effective location of grass cover for decreasing hillslope erosion was at the foot, and the high efficiency was mainly due to controlling of rill formation and sediment deposition. The soil loss from GS, DGS, and GC on the loess and cinnamon soils was between 77% and 93% less and 55% and 80% less, respectively, compared with the loss from BS. However, the soil characteristics had little effect on soil erosion for well‐vegetated slopes. The results highlight the importance of vegetation re‐establishment at the foot of hillslope in controlling soil erosion.