bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Cerebrospinal fluid neurofilament light levels in neurodegenerative dementia: Evaluation of diagnostic accuracy in the differential diagnosis of prion diseases
Authors: Zerr Inga , Schmitz Matthias , Karch André , Villar‐Piqué Anna , Kanata Eirini , Golanska Ewa , Díaz‐Lucena Daniela , Karsanidou Aikaterini , Hermann Peter , Knipper Tobias , Goebel Stefan , Varges Daniela , Sklaviadis Theodoros , Sikorska Beata , Liberski Pawel P. , Santana Isabel , Ferrer Isidro , Zetterberg Henrik , Blennow Kaj , Calero Olga , Calero Miguel , Ladogana Anna , Sánchez‐Valle Raquel , Baldeiras Inês , Llorens Franc 
Published: February 2018

AbstractIntroductionNeurofilament light (NFL) levels in the cerebrospinal fluid are increased in several neurodegenerative dementias. However, their diagnostic accuracy in the differential diagnostic context is unknown.MethodsCerebrospinal fluid NFL levels were quantified in nonprimarily neurodegenerative neurological and psychiatric diseases (n = 122), mild cognitive impairment (n = 48), Alzheimer's disease (n = 108), dementia with Lewy bodies/Parkinson's disease dementia (n = 53), vascular dementia (n = 46), frontotemporal dementia (n = 41), sporadic Creutzfeldt‐Jakob disease (sCJD, n = 132), and genetic prion diseases (n = 182).ResultsThe highest NFL levels were detected in sCJD, followed by vascular dementia, frontotemporal dementia, dementia with Lewy bodies/Parkinson's disease dementia, Alzheimer's disease, and mild cognitive impairment. In sCJD, NFL levels correlated with cerebrospinal fluid tau and disease duration. NFL levels were able to differentiate sCJD from nonprimarily neurodegenerative neurological and psychiatric diseases (area under the curve = 0.99, 95% confidence interval: 0.99–1) and from the other diagnostic groups showing cognitive impairment/dementia of a non‐CJD etiology (area under the curve = 0.90, 95% confidence interval: 0.87–0.92). Compared to nonprimarily neurodegenerative neurological and psychiatric diseases, NFL was also elevated in genetic prion diseases associated with the E200K, V210I, P102L, and D178N prion protein gene mutations.DiscussionIncreased NFL levels are a common feature in neurodegenerative dementias.
Alzheimer's disease public‐private partnerships: Update 2017
Authors: Snyder Heather M. , Perlman William R. , Egge Robert , Carrillo Maria C. 
Published: February 2018

AbstractIntroductionThe National Plan to Address Alzheimer's Disease stresses the need for public‐private partnerships to be coordinated and cooperative to accelerate the state of research and reach the ultimate goal of preventing and effectively treating Alzheimer's disease by the year 2025.MethodsThe Alzheimer's Association, in collaboration with the International Alzheimer's disease Research Funder Consortium, compiles this annually updated compendium to centralize this inventory of partnerships in an effort to synergize these activities.ResultsThis article reflects the 2017 landscape of nonprofit organizations who engage in public‐private partnerships to promote and support dementia research.DiscussionThe private‐public partnerships in the Alzheimer's disease community continue to increase, addressing much needed complex challenges in the field.
Correlation of clinical data and the Alvarado's Score as predictors of acute appendicitis
Authors: Cunha Carlos Magno Queiroz da , Neto Giovanni Troiani , Brasil Andre Cavalcante , Menezes Francisco Julimar Correia de , Brilhante Aline Veras Morais , Reinaldo Rommel Reno Porcino 
Published: February 2018

Abstract
Objective To correlate the patient's clinical data and the Alvarado's Score as predictors of acute appendicitis.
Methods This is an observational, descriptive and prospective study performed at a public urgency and emergency hospital in the city of Fortaleza, Ceará, between July and December 2016, with 34 patients undergoing open appendectomy with ages between 18 and 70 years. Statistical analysis was performed using the SPSS program.
Results The following statistical correlations were performed: number of days with abdominal pain until the operative event and degree of inflammation according to a macroscopic analysis of the appendix, Alvarado's Score and number of days with abdominal pain until the operative event, Alvarado's Score and degree of inflammation according to a macroscopic analysis of the appendix, number of days with abdominal pain until the operative event, and number of days of hospitalization in the postoperative period, degree of inflammation according to amacroscopic analysis of the appendix, number of days of hospitalization in the postoperative period and Alvarado's Score, and number of days of hospitalization in the postoperative period; the first five correlations were statistically significant (p < 0.05).
Conclusion The use of this Alvarado's Score in health services emerges as a tool for the diagnosis of acute appendicitis.
Deficiency of vitamin D and its relation with clinical and laboratory activity of inflammatory bowel diseases
Authors: Scolaro Bruno Lorenzo , Barretta Claiza , Matos Cristina Henschel , Malluta Everson Fernando , Almeida Isadora Bampi Tavares de , Braggio Laura Domingues , Bobato Sueli , Specht Clarice Maria 
Published: February 2018

Abstract
Objective To evaluate the serum concentrations of vitamin D and their relation with inflammatory bowel diseases.
Methods This is a quantitative and descriptive study, with individuals assisted by the interdisciplinary ambulatory of Inflammatory Bowel Disease of the Family and Community Health Unit of Itajaí/SC from September 2015 to October 2016. Socioeconomic data, life habits, and biochemical tests were collected, with the use of clinical indexes of classification of the disease activity: Harvey-Bradshaw Index (Crohn's Disease) and Partial Mayo Score (Chronic Nonspecific Ulcerative Colitis).
Results Of the 60 patients evaluated, 57% (n = 34) had Crohn's Disease and 43% (n = 26) had Chronic Nonspecific Ulcerative Colitis. According to disease activity, 75% (n = 45) were in the remission phase, 13% (n = 8) had mild activity, and 9% (n = 5) had moderate activity. Regarding vitamin D, 63% (n = 38) had deficiency of this vitamin and 37% (n = 22) presented sufficiency. With the association of serum vitamin D concentrations and disease activity, we observed statistical significance among the variables (p = 0.005). Regarding biochemical exams, the majority of patients with fecal calprotectin elevation presented vitamin D deficiency (p = 0.025). Statistically significant correlation between HSV and vitamin D (p = 0.0001) was found.
Conclusion According to the findings of this study, vitamin D deficiency is related to the clinical and laboratory activity of inflammatory bowel diseases.
Peritoneal carcinomatosis treated with cytoreductive surgery and intraperitoneal chemotherapy
Authors: Hanan Bernardo , Fonseca Leonardo Maciel , Profeta da Luz Magda Maria , Lacerda-Filho Antônio , Cabral Mônica Maria Demas Álvares , Gomes da Silva Rodrigo 
Published: February 2018

AbstractIntroduction To evaluate the combined treatment with cytoreductive surgery and intraperitoneal chemotherapy for peritoneal carcinomatosis arising from colorectal cancer, pseudomyxoma peritonei and mesothelioma.Methods Data were obtained from 73 patients with peritoneal carcinomatosis arising from colorectal cancer (52.1%), pseudomyxoma peritonei (41.1%) or mesothelioma (6.8%) between 2002 and 2011. We reported the morbidity grade (II, III and IV), mortality and survival rates of the candidates after cytoreductive surgery and intraperitoneal chemotherapy.Results 41 (56.2%) women participated, and the median age was 50 years. Thirty-nine patients (53.4%) underwent complete cytoreductive surgery and intraperitoneal chemotherapy. Patients who underwent a complete cytoreduction received intraperitoneal chemotherapy with mitomycin C, from which only 16/39 (41%) had hyperthermic intraperitoneal chemotherapy (41–42 °C). The overall morbidity rate was 23.3% and the grade III/IV complication rate was 12.3%. The overall mortality rate was 5.5%. The univariate analysis showed that cytoreductive surgery and intraperitoneal chemotherapy (p = .029), a blood transfusion (p = .002) and the operative time (p = .001) were significant for the occurrence of postoperative complications. Patients with peritoneal carcinomatosis from colorectal cancer who underwent complete cytoreductive surgery and intraperitoneal chemotherapy had overall survival rates of 81.3%, 12.5% and 12.5% at 1, 3 and 5 years, respectively. Patients with peritoneal carcinomatosis from pseudomyxoma peritonei who underwent complete cytoreductive surgery and intraperitoneal chemotherapy had overall survival rates of 84.2%, 77.7% and 77.7% at 1, 3 and 5 years, respectively.Conclusion The combined treatment for peritoneal carcinomatosis may be performed safely with acceptable morbidity and mortality in a specialized unit setting. Although over half of patients underwent normothermic intraperitoneal chemotherapy, our results were comparable to results from others centers.
Early Hormonal Treatment Affects Body Composition and Body Shape in Young Transgender Adolescents
Authors: Klaver Maartje , de Mutsert Renée , Wiepjes Chantal M. , Twisk Jos W.R. , den Heijer Martin , Rotteveel Joost , Klink Daniël T. 
Published: February 2018

Abstract

Background
Transgender adolescents aspiring to have the body characteristics of the affirmed sex can receive hormonal treatment. However, it is unknown how body shape and composition develop during treatment and whether transgender persons obtain the desired body phenotype.

Aim
To examine the change in body shape and composition from the start of treatment with gonadotropin-releasing hormone agonists (GnRHa) until 22 years of age and to compare these measurements at 22 years with those of age-matched peers.

Methods
71 transwomen (birth-assigned boys) and 121 transmen (birth-assigned girls) who started treatment from 1998 through 2014 were included in this retrospective study. GnRHa treatment was started and cross-sex hormonal treatment was added at 16 years of age. Anthropometric and whole-body dual-energy x-ray absorptiometry data were retrieved from medical records. Linear mixed model regression was performed to examine changes over time. SD scores (SDS) were calculated to compare body shape and composition with those of age-matched peers.

Outcomes
Change in waist-hip ratio (WHR), total body fat (TBF), and total lean body mass (LBM) during hormonal treatment. SDS of measures of body shape and composition compared with age-matched peers at 22 years of age.

Results
In transwomen, TBF increased (+10%, 95% CI = 7–11) while total LBM (−10%, 95% CI = −11 to −7) and WHR (−0.04, 95% CI = −0.05 to −0.02) decreased. Compared with ciswomen, SDS at 22 years of age were +0.3 (95% CI = 0.0–0.5) for WHR, and 0.0 (95% CI = −0.2 to 0.3) for TBF. Compared with cismen, SDS were −1.0 (95% CI = −1.3 to −0.7) for WHR, and +2.2 (95% CI = 2.2–2.4) for TBF. In transmen, TBF decreased (−3%, 95% CI = −4 to −1), while LBM (+3%, 95% CI = 1–4) and WHR (+0.03, 95% CI = 0.01–0.04) increased. Compared with ciswomen, SDS at 22 years of age were +0.6 (95% CI = 0.4–0.8) for WHR, and −1.1 (95% CI = −1.4 to −0.9) for TBF. Compared with cismen, SDS were −0.5 (95% CI = −0.8 to −0.3) for WHR, and +1.8 (95% CI = 1.6–1.9) for TBF.

Clinical Implications
Knowing body shape and composition outcomes at 22 years of age will help care providers in counseling transgender youth on expectations of attaining the desired body phenotype.

Strengths and Limitations
This study presents the largest group of transgender adults to date who started treatment in their teens. Despite missing data, selection bias was not found.

Conclusions
During treatment, WHR and body composition changed toward the affirmed sex. At 22 years of age, transwomen compared better to age-matched ciswomen than to cismen, whereas transmen were between reference values for ciswomen and cismen.
Tibial Nerve Stimulation to Drive Genital Sexual Arousal in an Anesthetized Female Rat
Authors: Zimmerman Lauren L. , Rice Indie C. , Berger Mitchell B. , Bruns Tim M. 
Published: February 2018

Abstract

Background
There is clinical evidence that percutaneous tibial nerve stimulation can positively benefit women with female sexual interest/arousal disorder, yet no studies have explored the potential mechanisms further.

Aim
To investigate the effect of tibial nerve stimulation on vaginal blood perfusion (VBP) in an anesthetized rat model.

Methods
16 ketamine-anesthetized rats were surgically implanted with a nerve cuff electrode on 1 tibial nerve. The tibial nerve was stimulated for 30 minutes continuously or non-continuously at a frequency of 10 to 25 Hz.

Outcomes
VBP was measured with laser Doppler flowmetry and analyzed using a wavelet transform of time-frequency representations with a focus on the neurogenic energy range (0.076–0.200 Hz).

Results
25 of 33 (75.8%) stimulation periods had at least a 500% increase in laser Doppler flowmetry neurogenic energy compared with baseline. This increase was most common within 20 to 35 minutes after the start of stimulation. There was no statistically significant difference for frequency used or estrous cycle stage.

Clinical Translation
The results of this study provide further support for percutaneous tibial nerve stimulation as an alternative treatment option for women with genital arousal aspects of female sexual interest/arousal disorder.

Strengths and Limitations
This study successfully demonstrates the ability of tibial nerve stimulation to increase VBP. However, further studies to determine parameter optimization and to illuminate neural mechanisms are needed. Further studies also are necessary to determine effects of repeated stimulation sessions.

Conclusion
Long-duration tibial stimulation was successful at driving increases in the neurogenic component of VBP, providing evidence that tibial nerve stimulation could be used to treat genital arousal aspects of female sexual interest/arousal disorder by improving pelvic blood flow.
Orthodontic tooth movement: The biology and clinical implications
Authors: Li Yina , Jacox Laura A. , Little Shannyn H. , Ko Ching‐Chang 
Published: February 2018

AbstractOrthodontic tooth movement relies on coordinated tissue resorption and formation in the surrounding bone and periodontal ligament. Tooth loading causes local hypoxia and fluid flow, initiating an aseptic inflammatory cascade culminating in osteoclast resorption in areas of compression and osteoblast deposition in areas of tension. Compression and tension are associated with particular signaling factors, establishing local gradients to regulate remodeling of the bone and periodontal ligament for tooth displacement. Key regulators of inflammation and tissue turnover include secreted factors like RANK ligand and osteoprotegerin, transcription factors such as RUNX2 and hypoxia‐inducible factor, cytokines, prostaglandins, tissue necrosis factors, and proteases, among others. Inflammation occurred during tooth movement needs to be well controlled, as dysregulated inflammation leads to tissue destruction manifested in orthodontic‐induced root resorption and periodontal disease. Understanding the biology has profound clinical implications especially in the area of accelerating orthodontic tooth movement. Surgical, pharmacological, and physical interventions are being tested to move teeth faster to reduce treatment times and time‐dependent adverse outcomes. Future developments in acceleratory technology and custom appliances will allow orthodontic tooth movement to occur more efficiently and safely.
Condromatose sinovial extensa envolvendo todos os tendões do túnel do tarso: relato de caso
Authors: Pinter Zachariah , Shah Ashish , Netto Cesar , Smith Walter , O'Daly Andres , Godoy-Santos Alexandre 
Published: February 2018

ResumoA condromatose sinovial é uma condição rara caracterizada por metaplasia condrogênica benigna do tecido sinovial extra-articular, que geralmente afeta uma única bainha tendínea da mão ou do pé. O objetivo é relatar o caso raro de um paciente com diagnóstico de condromatose sinovial extensa afetando todos os tendões flexores na topografia do túnel do tarso, suas características radiológicas, tratamento cirúrgico e desfecho clínico. Os autores apresentam um caso único de condromatose sinovial extensa em um homem de 48 anos envolvendo as bainhas dos tendões flexor longo do hálux, flexor longo dos dedos e tibial posterior, na topografia do túnel do tarso, com extensão para a região plantar do retropé. O sintoma inicial foi de compressão neurovascular (síndrome do túnel do tarso). A suspeita diagnóstica foi condromatose sinovial com base em evidências radiográficas e de ressonância magnética. O paciente foi submetido a ressecção cirúrgica do tumor, bem como a liberação do túnel tarsal e alongamento do tendão dos gastrocnêmios. O diagnóstico foi confirmado por exame histopatológico do espécime colhido no período intraoperatório. A evolução pós-operatória do paciente ocorreu sem complicações e os sintomas da síndrome do túnel do tarso cessaram. Os autores relatam um caso de condromatose sinovial extensa envolvendo todos os tendões flexores do túnel do tarso, corretamente diagnosticado por achados clínicos e radiológicos e que necessitou de ressecção cirúrgica precoce para evitar complicações neurovasculares em longo prazo.
Técnica de Stoppa modificada para fratura de acetábulo: uma revisão
Authors: Soni Ashwani , Gupta Ravi , Sen Ramesh 
Published: February 2018

ResumoFraturas acetabulares são lesões graves e desafiadoras para cirurgiões ortopédicos. As abordagens anterior e posterior foram descritas para a fixação dessas fraturas. A técnica de Stoppa modificada é considerada uma alternativa à abordagem anterior, que fornece acesso à pelve pelo interior da cavidade. O objetivo do presente artigo é revisar a literatura disponível sobre o uso da abordagem de Stoppa modificada em fraturas de acetábulo. Os dados disponíveis sugerem que a abordagem de Stoppa modificada é útil em fraturas anteriores de acetábulo e em algumas fraturas posteriores, especialmente aquelas nas quais o reforço da parede medial se faz necessário.
“Joelho flutuante,” uma lesão incomum: análise de 12 casos
Authors: Yadav Vishal , Suri Harpreet , Vijayvargiya Mayank , Agashe Vikas , Shetty Vivek 
Published: February 2018

ResumoAs lesões do tipo joelho flutuante (FKIs, na sigla em inglês) são complexas e são geralmente causadas por trauma de alta velocidade. Estas lesões são frequentemente associadas a lesões que causam risco de morte, que devem ter precedente sobre lesões nas extremidades. Os autores revisaram os resultados das lesões do tipo joelho flutuante tratadas nesta instituição entre 2003 e 2015.Foi realizado um estudo retrospectivo de todos os pacientes com FKIs de 2003 a 2015. Doze pacientes foram incluídos no estudo. Os dados relacionados ao tipo de fratura, lesões associadas, modalidades de tratamento e complicações foram observados. A avaliação funcional foi realizada utilizando os critérios de Karlstrom modificados após a união óssea completa.O mecanismo de lesão foi acidente automobilístico em todos os pacientes. O acompanhamento médio foi de 4 anos. A média de idade dos pacientes foi de 34,75 anos. O tempo médio de união óssea foi de 6,5 meses nos fêmures e de 6,7 meses nas tíbias. As complicações foram rigidez do joelho, união óssea tardia e infecção. De acordo com os critérios modificados de Karlstrom, três resultados foram considerados excelentes, cinco bons, três razoáveis e um resultado foi considerado ruim.Lesões do tipo joelho flutuante são graves e são geralmente associadas a lesões de vários órgãos. A detecção precoce e o tratamento adequado das lesões associadas, a afixação precoce das fraturas e a reabilitação pós-operatória são necessários para um bom resultado. As complicações são frequentes, sob a forma de união óssea tardia, rigidez do joelho e infecção.
Fratura intertrocantérica do fêmur em um quadril anquilosado: Relato de caso
Authors: Devkota Pramod , Ahmad Shiraz , Pande Ketan C. 
Published: February 2018

ResumoA fratura intertrocantérica do fêmur em um quadril anquilosado é extremamente rara. O objetivo do manejo operatório em idosos com fraturas intertrocantéricas é prevenir complicações gerais, manter a mobilidade, e aliviar a dor. O manejo ideal para atingir tal objetivo não é claro. Os autores apresentam o caso de um paciente do sexo masculino de 74 anos com fratura intertrocantérica do fêmur em um quadril anquilosado. A fratura foi tratada cirurgicamente com parafuso de quadril dinâmico e parafuso canulado. Dois anos após a cirurgia, observou-se boa união na fratura, e o paciente deambula de forma independente.
Fratura do escafoide társico em um praticante de parkour, uma lesão rara – Relato de Caso e Revisão da Literatura
Authors: Karmali Samir , Ramos Jorge Teixeira , Almeida João , Barros André , Campos Pedro , Costa Daniel Sá da 
Published: February 2018

ResumoAs fraturas do escafoide társico, bem como outras lesões do médiopé, são raras e podem resultar em incapacidade grave se não forem tratadas adequadamente. Parkour, um esporte moderno, está ganhando popularidade entre os jovens em áreas urbanas, e é propenso a traumatismos de alta energia, sendo estes escassamente descritos na literatura. O presente relato trata de um caso de fratura rara do escafoide társico em um paciente do sexo masculino de 17 anos, ocorrida durante a prática de parkour, que foi tratada com sucesso, com redução aberta e fixação interna. A descrição do caso enfatiza os desafios na sua abordagem; a discussão destaca as opções de tratamento e seus objetivos. O caso também deve alertar sobre a ocorrência crescente dessas lesões incomuns.
Ultra‐thin smart electronic skin based on hybrid system‐in‐foil concept combining three flexible electronics technologies
Authors: Elsobky M. , Mahsereci Y. , Yu Z. , Richter H. , Burghartz J. N. , Keck J. , Klauk H. , Zschieschang U. 
Published: February 2018

Flexible electronics combined with new materials and fabrication processes offer unique characteristics such as mechanical flexibility, thin‐form factor, large area scaling feasibility, and adaptability to irregular surfaces. In this work, a smart electronic skin adopting the hybrid system‐in‐foil concept is designed to monitor the uniaxial bending of a robotic gripper. The newly designed smart skin contains an array of printed strain gauges, organic thin‐film transistor (TFT) addressing circuits and a 20 μm ultra‐thin silicon readout chip, all integrated on the same polymeric foil. The silver‐ink printed strain gauges achieve a relative resistance sensitivity ΔR/R of 2% and a gauge factor of 2. In addition, the organic TFT multiplexer containing a three‐stage shift register and analogue switches operate at a frequency of 100 Hz and a supply voltage of 3 V. The ultra‐thin silicon chip provides the functions of system control, strain gauge readout, analogue‐to‐digital conversion and serial communication.
Real‐time PPP based on the Quasi‐Zenith Satellite System MADOCA‐LEX signal
Authors: Wang Guohui , Kuang Cuilin , Cai Changsheng , Yi Zhonghai , Dai Wujiao 
Published: February 2018

This study assessed the satellite orbit and clock corrections of the L‐band experiment (LEX) signal correction messages broadcasted by the Japan Quasi‐Zenith Satellite System (QZSS) by comparing them with those of the international global navigation satellite system (GNSS) service real‐time (IGS‐RT) products. Using datasets collected at a fixed static station and a kinematic vehicle experiment, the authors evaluated the application of multi‐GNSS advanced demonstration of orbit and clock analysis (MADOCA) products in precise point positioning (PPP) through static and kinematic data processing modes. The results show that the MADOCA‐LEX products bring slightly larger root mean square and standard deviation of three‐dimensional positions than the IGS‐RT products. For kinematic PPP positioning, the convergence time was longer than IGS‐RT products. However, from the global scope, the positioning accuracy of the MADOCA‐LEX products, at a level of 20 cm, is comparable with that of the IGS‐RT products, which satisfies the need of global PPP.