bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Intraoperative Methadone Reduces Pain and Opioid Consumption in Acute Postoperative Pain: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis
Authors: Machado Felipe C. , Vieira Joaquim E. , de Orange Flávia A. , Ashmawi Hazem A. 
Published: September 2019

BACKGROUND:
Methadone is a potent opioid exerting an analgesic effect through N-methyl-d-aspartate receptor antagonism and the inhibition of serotonin and noradrenaline reuptake. It has also been used in several procedures to reduce postoperative pain and opioid use. This meta-analysis aimed to determine whether the intraoperative use of methadone lowers postoperative pain scores and opioid consumption in comparison to other opioids.

METHODS:
Double-blinded, controlled trials without language restrictions were included from MEDLINE, Embase, LILACS, The Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials (CENTRAL), and CINAHL via EBSCOhost. The included studies tracked total opioid consumption, postoperative pain scores, opioid-related side effects, and patient satisfaction until 72 hours postoperatively. Mean difference (MD) was used for effect size.

RESULTS:
In total, 476 articles were identified and 13 were considered eligible for inclusion in the meta-analysis. In 486 patients (7 trials), pain at rest (MD, 1.09; 95% confidence interval (CI), 1.47–0.72; P < .00001) and at movement (MD, 2.48; 95% CI, 3.04–1.92; P = .00001) favored methadone 24 hours after surgery. In 374 patients (6 trials), pain at rest (MD, 1.47; 95% CI, 3.04–1.02; P < .00001) and at movement (MD, 2.03; 95% CI, 3.04–1.02; P < .00001) favored methadone 48 hours after surgery. In 320 patients (4 trials), pain at rest (MD, 1.02; 95% CI, 1.65–0.39; P = .001) and at movement (MD, 1.34; 95% CI, 1.82–0.87; P < .00001) favored methadone 72 hours after surgery. A Trial Sequential Analysis was performed and the Z-cumulative curve for methadone crossed the monitoring boundary at all evaluations, additionally crossing Required Information Size at 24 and 48 hours at rest. Methadone group also showed lower postoperative opioid consumption in morphine equivalent dosage (mg) at 24 hours (MD, 8.42; 95% CI, 12.99–3.84 lower; P < .00001), 24–48 hours (MD, 14.33; 95% CI, 26.96–1.91 lower; P < .00001), 48–72 hours (MD, 3.59; 95% CI, 6.18–1.0 lower; P = .007) postoperatively.

CONCLUSIONS:
Intraoperative use of methadone reduced postoperative pain scores compared to other opioids, and Trial Sequential Analysis suggested that no more trials are required to confirm pain reduction at rest until 48 hours after surgery. Methadone also reduced postoperative opioid consumption and led to better patient satisfaction scores through 72 hours postoperatively compared to other opioids.
Inner ear organoids: new tools to understand neurosensory cell development, degeneration and regeneration
Authors: Roccio Marta , Edge Albert S. B. 
Published: September 2019

ABSTRACT
The development of therapeutic interventions for hearing loss requires fundamental knowledge about the signaling pathways controlling tissue development as well as the establishment of human cell-based assays to validate therapeutic strategies ex vivo. Recent advances in the field of stem cell biology and organoid culture systems allow the expansion and differentiation of tissue-specific progenitors and pluripotent stem cells in vitro into functional hair cells and otic-like neurons. We discuss how inner ear organoids have been developed and how they offer for the first time the opportunity to validate drug-based therapies, gene-targeting approaches and cell replacement strategies.
How the mechanobiome drives cell behavior, viewed through the lens of control theory
Authors: Kothari Priyanka , Johnson Cecilia , Sandone Corinne , Iglesias Pablo A. , Robinson Douglas N. 
Published: September 2019

ABSTRACT
Cells have evolved sophisticated systems that integrate internal and external inputs to coordinate cell shape changes during processes, such as development, cell identity determination, and cell and tissue homeostasis. Cellular shape-change events are driven by the mechanobiome, the network of macromolecules that allows cells to generate, sense and respond to externally imposed and internally generated forces. Together, these components build the cellular contractility network, which is governed by a control system. Proteins, such as non-muscle myosin II, function as both sensors and actuators, which then link to scaffolding proteins, transcription factors and metabolic proteins to create feedback loops that generate the foundational mechanical properties of the cell and modulate cellular behaviors. In this Review, we highlight proteins that establish and maintain the setpoint, or baseline, for the control system and explore the feedback loops that integrate different cellular processes with cell mechanics. Uncovering the genetic, biophysical and biochemical interactions between these molecular components allows us to apply concepts from control theory to provide a systems-level understanding of cellular processes. Importantly, the actomyosin network has emerged as more than simply a ‘downstream’ effector of linear signaling pathways. Instead, it is also a significant driver of cellular processes traditionally considered to be ‘upstream’.
activPAL and ActiGraph Assessed Sedentary Behavior and Cardiometabolic Health Markers
Authors: EDWARDSON CHARLOTTE L. , HENSON JOSEPH , BIDDLE STUART J. H. , DAVIES MELANIE J. , KHUNTI KAMLESH , MAYLOR BENJAMIN , YATES THOMAS 
Published: September 2019

ABSTRACT

Purpose
To establish whether associations between sedentary behavior and cardiometabolic health differ when assessed by thigh-worn and waist-worn accelerometry.

Methods
Participants were recruited from several areas in the United Kingdom. Sedentary behavior was assessed using the activPAL worn on the thigh and ActiGraph worn on the waist. Average total (TST), prolonged (bouts ≥30 min; PST) and breaks (BST) in sedentary time were calculated. Cardiometabolic health markers included: adiposity (body fat) and surrogate markers of adiposity ((waist circumference, body mass index [BMI]), lipids (total, low density lipoprotein, and high-density lipoprotein [HDL] cholesterol, triglycerides), blood pressure, and glucose (fasting, 2 h and glycated hemoglobin A1c). A clustered cardiometabolic risk score was calculated. Linear regression analysis examined the associations with cardiometabolic health.

Results
There were 1457 participants (mean age [± standard deviation], 59.38 ± 11.85 yr; 51.7% male; mean BMI, 30.19 ± 5.59 kg·m−2) included in the analyses. ActivPAL and ActiGraph sedentary variables were moderately correlated (0.416–0.511, P < 0.01); however, all variables were significantly different from each other (P < 0.05). Consistency was observed across devices in the direction and magnitude of associations of TST and PST with adiposity, surrogate markers of adiposity, HDL, triglycerides, and cardiometabolic risk score and for BST with adiposity, surrogate markers of adiposity, and cardiometabolic risk. Differences across devices were observed in associations of TST and PST with diastolic blood pressure, for TST with 2-h glucose and for BST with HDL. No other associations were observed for any other health marker for either device.

Conclusions
Results suggest that associations with cardiometabolic health are largely comparable across the two common assessments of sedentary behavior but some small differences may exist for certain health markers.
A Critical Evaluation of Current Methods for Exercise Prescription in Women and Men
Authors: IANNETTA DANILO , INGLIS ERIN CALAINE , MATTU ANMOL T. , FONTANA FEDERICO Y. , POGLIAGHI SILVIA , KEIR DANIEL A. , MURIAS JUAN M. 
Published: September 2019

ABSTRACTCommon methods to prescribe exercise intensity are based on fixed percentages of maximum rate of oxygen uptake (V˙O2max), peak work rate (WRpeak), maximal HR (HRmax). However, it is unknown how these methods compare to the current models to partition the exercise intensity spectrum.PurposeThus, the aim of this study was to compare contemporary gold-standard approaches for exercise prescription based on fixed percentages of maximum values to the well-established, but underutilized, “domain” schema of exercise intensity.MethodsOne hundred individuals participated in the study (women, 46; men, 54). A cardiopulmonary ramp-incremental test was performed to assess V˙O2max, WRpeak, HRmax, and the lactate threshold (LT), and submaximal constant-work rate trials of 30-min duration to determine the maximal lactate steady-state (MLSS). The LT and MLSS were used to partition the intensity spectrum for each individual in three domains of intensity: moderate, heavy, and severe.ResultsV˙O2maxin women and men was 3.06 ± 0.41 L·min−1and 4.10 ± 0.56 L·min−1, respectively. Lactate threshold and MLSS occurred at a greater %V˙O2maxand %HRmaxin women compared with men (P< 0.05). The large ranges in both sexes at which LT and MLSS occurred on the basis of %V˙O2max(LT, 45%–74%; MLSS, 69%–96%), %WRpeak(LT, 23%–57%; MLSS, 44%–71%), and %HRmax(LT, 60%–90%; MLSS, 75%–97%) elicited large variability in the number of individuals distributed in each domain at the fixed-percentages examined.ConclusionsContemporary gold-standard methods for exercise prescription based on fixed-percentages of maximum values conform poorly to exercise intensity domains and thus do not adequately control the metabolic stimulus.
Predicting transcription factor binding using ensemble random forest models
Authors: Behjati Ardakani Fatemeh , Schmidt Florian , Schulz Marcel H. 
Published: September 2019

Background: Understanding the location and cell-type specific binding of Transcription Factors (TFs) is important in the study of gene regulation. Computational prediction of TF binding sites is challenging, because TFs often bind only to short DNA motifs and cell-type specific co-factors may work together with the same TF to determine binding. Here, we consider the problem of learning a general model for the prediction of TF binding using DNase1-seq data and TF motif description in form of position specific energy matrices (PSEMs). Methods: We use TF ChIP-seq data as a gold-standard for model training and evaluation. Our contribution is a novel ensemble learning approach using random forest classifiers. In the context of the ENCODE-DREAM in vivo TF binding site prediction challenge we consider different learning setups. Results: Our results indicate that the ensemble learning approach is able to better generalize across tissues and cell-types compared to individual tissue-specific classifiers or a classifier built based upon data aggregated across tissues. Furthermore, we show that incorporating DNase1-seq peaks is essential to reduce the false positive rate of TF binding predictions compared to considering the raw DNase1 signal. Conclusions: Analysis of important features reveals that the models preferentially select motifs of other TFs that are close interaction partners in existing protein protein-interaction networks. Code generated in the scope of this project is available on GitHub: https://github.com/SchulzLab/TFAnalysis (DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.1409697).
The frequency of epithelial ovarian cancer subtypes in Sudanese women at Omdurman Maternity Hospital, 2013-2018: A cross-sectional study
Authors: Elmassry Rawia Eljaili , Shrif Nassr Eldin M.A. , Mohamed Aisha Osman , Jamaleldin Fayad , Elaagip Arwa , Husain Nazik Elmalaika 
Published: September 2019

Background: Globally, epithelial ovarian carcinoma (EOC) is considered the gynecological cancer with the highest mortality. In Sudan, there are scarce publications about the frequency of this carcinoma. Therefore, the present study intended to perform a cross-sectional study to review the morphological sub-types and sort EOC according to age and grade in Omdurman Maternity Hospital (OMH) in Sudan. Methods: This cross-sectional, hospital-based study included 70 EOC cases diagnosed at OMH in the period 2013-2018. The data were collected from OMH records in the period 2016-2018, and included ovarian cancer types, ages of patients, and tumor grades. Results: The participants’ median age was 50 years, and the majority of EOC cases were in younger patients (48.6%; n=34; ≤ 50 years (18 to 50 years)). The most familiar tumor sub-type was serous carcinoma (44.3%; n=31), followed by endometrioid carcinoma (27.1%; n=19), mucinous carcinoma (17.1%; n=12), clear cell carcinoma (8.6%; n=6) and undifferentiated carcinoma (2.9%; n=2). The majority of cases were categorized as low grade (51.4%; n=36). Our results revealed significant relationships between EOC types and grades (Fisher’s Exact test, p=0.000). Conclusion: In Sudanese patients with EOC, serous carcinoma is the most common histological subtype, and EOC is likely to occur in women of a younger age (<50 years). Our results indicate a younger presentation of EOC and warrants quick and thorough investigation of any vague abdominal complaint in women of a younger age (<50 years). Also, it may help in guiding researchers developing screening programs especially for younger women, pay attention to the serous type as the common type and finding novel biomarkers especially for treatment and prognosis of this type.
Effectiveness of link workers providing social prescribing on health outcomes and costs for adult patients in primary care and community settings. A protocol for a systematic review of the literature.
Authors: Kiely Bridget , Croke Aisling , O'Shea Eamon , Connolly Deirdre , Smith Susan M. 
Published: September 2019

Introduction: The use of link workers for social prescribing and health and social care coordination is increasing, but there is insufficient data to demonstrate their effectiveness or for whom they work best. Multimorbidity is increasing in prevalence and affects those living in deprived areas ten years earlier than affluent areas. This systematic review aims to examine the evidence for the effectiveness and costs of link workers in improving health outcomes. We will also look for evidence for the use of link workers specifically for people living with multimorbidity and in deprived areas. Methods: Databases of published and grey literature will be searched for randomised and non-randomised controlled trials examining use of link workers based in primary care for community dwelling adults compared to usual care. Primary outcomes will be health related quality of life and mental health. Data on costs will be extracted. Studies will be selected for inclusion by title and abstract review by two reviewers. A Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews (PRISMA) flow diagram will document the selection process. A standardised form will be used to extract data. Data quality will be assessed using the Cochrane Risk of Bias tool for randomised controlled trials, a narrative synthesis will be completed and the GRADE assessment tool used to comment on evidence quality. A meta-analysis of effect size of primary outcomes and subgroup analysis for multimorbidity and social deprivation will be performed if there are sufficient comparable data. Conclusion: This systematic review will give an important overview of the evidence for the use of link workers providing social prescribing and health and social care coordination in primary care. This will help inform intervention development and guide policy makers on whether these interventions are cost effective and which groups stand to benefit most. Prospero registration: CRD42019134737 (04/07/2019)
Using Patients' Social Network to Improve Compliance to Outpatient Screening Colonoscopy Appointments Among Blacks: A Randomized Clinical Trial
Authors: Laiyemo Adeyinka O. , Kwagyan John , Williams Carla D. , Rogers Jessica , Kibreab Angesom , Jack Momodu A. , Lee Edward E. , Brim Hassan , Ashktorab Hassan , Howell Charles D. , Smoot Duane T. , Platz Elizabeth A. 
Published: September 2019

OBJECTIVES:
Patient navigation improves colorectal cancer screening among underserved populations, but limited resources preclude widespread adoption in minority-serving institutions. We evaluated whether a patient's self-selected social contact person can effectively facilitate outpatient screening colonoscopy.

METHODS:
From September 2014 to March 2017 in an urban tertiary center, 399 black participants scheduled for outpatient screening colonoscopy self-selected a social contact person to be a facilitator and provided the person's phone number. Of these, 201 participants (50.4%) were randomly assigned to the intervention arm for their social contact persons to be engaged by phone. The study was explained to the social contact person with details about colonoscopy screening and bowel preparation process. The social contacts were asked to assist the participants, provide support, and encourage compliance with the procedures. The social contact person was not contacted in the usual care arm, n = 198 (49.6%). We evaluated attendance to the scheduled outpatient colonoscopy and adequacy of bowel preparation. Analysis was performed by intention to treat.

RESULTS:
The social contact person was reached and agreed to be involved for 130 of the 201 participants (64.7%). No differences were found in the proportion of participants who underwent screening colonoscopy (77.3% vs 77.2%; relative risk = 1.01; 95% confidence interval: 0.91–1.12), but there was a modest increase in the proportion with adequate bowel preparation with social contact involvement (89.1% vs 80.9%; relative risk = 1.10; 95% confidence interval: 1.00–1.21).

DISCUSSION:
Engaging a patient's social network to serve in the role of a patient navigator did not improve compliance to outpatient screening colonoscopy but modestly improved the adequacy of bowel preparation.
PARENTING STRESS PADA IBU YANG MEMILIKI ANAK AUTIS
Authors: Hardi Nur Fitriyani , Sari Ferra Puspito 
Published: September 2019

The presence of children in the family becomes happiness for parents, especially mothers. But this will be different when a family has child with autism that behavioral, social, and communication disorders. Raising an autistic child can certainly be stressful for a mother. A mother is stigmatized by the limitations of the child, the difficulty of talking to children will be easier because it requires additional help. This condition overcomes stress and emotion. The purpose of this study was to description of parenting stress mothers who have autistic child. This study uses qualitative research with phenomenological methods. The data collection technique uses the data triangulation method with phenomenological data analysis. The results of the study concluded that varied maternal stress arising from caring for autistic child. Physiological responses that easily tired, cognitive responses that feel embarrassed, disappointed, afraid, and sadness, and behavioral responses that crying, beating and pinching children. Keywords : autism, emotion, mothers, stress
PLAY THERAPY SEBAGAI BENTUK PENANGANAN KONSELING TRAUMA HEALING PADA ANAK USIA DINI
Authors: Widyastuti Citra , Widha Lailatul , Aulia Arina Rijki 
Published: September 2019

Indonesia merupakan negara dengan daerah yang rawan terkena gempa bumi, tsunami, serta letusan gunung berapi. Hal itu terjadi lantaran Indonesia berada dalam Ring of Fire yaitu cincin api pasifik yang mengelilingi cekungan Samudra Pasifik yang berbentuk tapal kuda dan mencakup wilayah sepanjang 40.000 km, mulai dari Sumatera, Jawa, Bali, Nusa Tenggara, Banda hingga Maluku. Anak usia dini menjadi korban yang paling rentan terkena trauma, karena pada dasarnya mereka tidak dapat mengartikulasikan dan menunjukkan perasaan cemas yang dialaminya. Trauma healing menjadi salah satu kegiatan yang sangat penting dilakukan untuk anak-anak korban pasca bencana alam. Dan salah satu metode yang cukup efektif serta sering digunakan oleh beberapa konselor dan volunteer sebagai pengobatan anak-anak yaitu dengan terapi bermain atau Play Therapy. Penelitian ini menggunakan studi kepustakaan (library research) dengan mengkaji beberapa teori dan literatur yang berkaitan dengan tahapan pelaksanaan Play Therapy.Kata Kunci: Play Therapy, Konseling, Trauma Healing, Anak Usia Dini.
Computational methods for NMR and MS for structure elucidation II: database resources and advanced methods
Authors: Valli Marilia , Russo Helena Mannochio , Pilon Alan Cesar , Pinto Meri Emili Ferreira , Dias Nathalia B. , Freire Rafael Teixeira , Castro-Gamboa Ian , Bolzani Vanderlan da Silva 
Published: September 2019

Abstract
Technological advances have contributed to the evolution of the natural product chemistry and drug discovery programs. Recently, computational methods for nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) and mass spectrometry (MS) have speeded up and facilitated the process of structural elucidation even in high complex biological samples. In this chapter, the current computational tools related to NMR and MS databases and spectral similarity networks, as well as their applications on dereplication and determination of biological biomarkers, are addressed.
Simulation-driven machine learning for robotics and automation
Authors: El-Shamouty Mohamed , Kleeberger Kilian , Lämmle Arik , Huber Marco 
Published: September 2019

Abstract
Mass personalization—a megatrend in industrial manufacturing and production—requires fast adaptations of robotics and automation solutions to continually decreasing lot sizes. In this paper, the challenges of applying robot-based automation in a highly individualized production are highlighted. To face these challenges, a framework is proposed that combines latest machine learning (ML) techniques, like deep learning, with high-end physics simulation environments. ML is used for programming and parameterizing machines for a given production task with minimal human intervention. If the simulation environment realistically captures physical properties like forces or elasticity of the real world, it provides a high-quality data source for ML. In doing so, new tasks are mastered in simulation faster than in real-time, while at the same time existing tasks are executed. The functionality of the simulation-driven ML framework is demonstrated on an industrial use case.