bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
KONSTRIBUSI GLIDIG DI DALAM RUMAH TANGGA PETANI DUSUN SOMPOK DESA SRIHARJO YOGYAKARTA
Authors: Tsany Fitri Ana 
Published: February 2018

Perubahan sosial yang terjadi pada desa, petani dan pertanian sudah berlangsung sejak awal kekuatan pasar memasuki pedesaan yang kemudian berdampak pada terjadinya proses monetisasi di pedesaan. Akibat dari distribusi penguasaan lahan pertanian dan sumber produksi lainnya yang tidak merata maka kesenjangan sosial semakin meningkatkan jumlah kelompok miskin. Perubahan sosial ekonomi menggiring kondisi petani pada keadaan yang semakin miskin. Adanya pembangunan infrstruktur yang terjadi di Desa Sriharjo ini kemudian mempengaruhi kepadatan penduduk dan perekonomian petani yang ada di desa tersebut.Penulis mengambil Dusun Sompok sebagai lokasi/setting dalam penelitian lapangan terkait dengan fenomena glidig. Fenomena glidig ini muncul ketika penduduk Dusun Sompok banyak yang bekerja di luar desa untuk mengais rejeki yang lebih besar dibandingkan dengan bekerja di sektor pertanian. Hal ini terjadi ketika akses untuk keluar dibuka lebar oleh pemerintah diantaranya adalah akses transportasi dan infrastruktur yang lebih baik dibandingkan pada era orde baru. Transportasi lebih murah sehingga akses untuk keluar lebih mudah. Peneliti mengangkat tema tentang glidig dikarenakan pada orde baru Dusun Sompok menjadi wakil dari bagian desa yang kurang maju dikarenakan masalah kemiskinan.Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk memahami dinamika glidig dan untuk memahami kemiskinan yang ada di Dusun Sompok Desa Sriharjo Kecamatan Imogiri tersebut. Metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah studi kasus. Teknik pengumpulan datanya dengan cara sensus, observasi dan wawancara. Hasil dari penelitian ini adalah banyak cara yang ditempuh oleh penduduk Dusun Sompok untuk menjadi lebih maju yakni dengan meninggalkan sektor pertanian dan mulai memasuki sektor non pertanian. penduduk Dusun Sompok telah mengembangkan strategi bermacam jenis pekerjaan diantaranya adalah sebagai pekerja Huller dimana pekerjaan tersebut merupakan pekerjaan yang paling dominan dilakukan oleh penduduk Dusun Sompok. Kata Kunci : Kemiskinan, Perubahan Sosial, Alih Pekerjaan (glidig)
KONSTRUKSI SOSIAL PEREMPUAN DALAM KEKERASAN RUMAH TANGGA DI BANJARNEGARA, JAWA TENGAH
Authors: Mutoharoh Mutoharoh 
Published: February 2018

Marriage is something wishful many people to be found happiness inside, life together with loveliness and make a contract. Unfortunately, not forever a domestic trip to be present in space happiness. Fact in societal, occurred a domestic violence. Domestic violence occurred by husband to wife. The subject or doer of violence is not people without religion or not understand with the doctrine in religion. Unfortunately, although in religion measure domestic violence is not legal but it’s always present.Sokanandi RT 05 RW III Banjarnegara it’s one of territory with quantity domestic violence exactly tall, however attention at this case rarely finished. Consequently, this research purpose to understand how about social construction wife in family, cause occur domestic violence, and shape domestic violence happened.This research is qualitative research with analytic-descriptive approach. Accumulation data used observation method, interview, and documentation. The primary source from result observation and result interview it’s from official Religious Courts of Banjarnegara, village head’s office of Sokanandi, RT, ustadz, and respondent domestic violence. The secondary source included from document, website, and competent books. The analysis data use three phases, which is reductions data, display data, and verification data. Researcher use gender theory and feminism as instrument to analyze.Keywords: Social Construction, Domestic Violence, Female
GARDUACTION SEBAGAI PROTOTIPE BINA DAMAI BERBASIS KEARIFAN LOKAL DI DUSUN MANCINGAN, DESA PARANGTRITIS, KEC.KRETEK, KAB. BANTUL, YOGYAKARTA
Authors: Astuti Ita Fitri 
Published: February 2018

Trash is something that is not useful anymore, discarded by the owner or the original user. In its development garbage brings negative impacts that can harm human life. In fact, the phenomenon is now actually a trigger of social conflict between community groups. The incident occurred in Hamlet Mancingan, Yogyakarta. Some of the phenomena of conflict arise because of these simple issues that cause prolonged conflict. Similarly, the conflict that has been in the name of religion. Therefore, Garduaction is one of the prototype methods of peacebuilding in Mancingan Hamlet as a community of environmentalists. In the action, Garduaction performs waste management with two principles of waste management that is reuse and recycle, such as garbage bank, education camp, little journalist, social service, and go green. These efforts can foster positive values that are linked to previously emerging values such as personal value sources, Javanese cultural values, and Islamic religious values. Keywords: History of Garduaction, Nursery Value, Emphasis Value
PERLINDUNGAN HAK ASASI TENAGA KERJA WANITA LOKAL PADA PERUSAHAAN TAMBANG DI KABUPATEN KONAWE UTARA
Authors: Muntaha Muntaha 
Published: February 2018

Hak asasi merupakan hak yang paling fundamental bagi setiap manusia, oleh karena setiap negara memberikan kedudukan yang begitu terhormat di dalam konstitusinya. Hak untuk mendapatkan pekerjaan yang layak secara sama serta kemudahan telah dijamin oleh Undang-Undang Dasar Negara Kesatuan Republik Indonesia Tahun 1945, sebagaimana termaksud di dalam ketentuan Pasal 28 H yang menyebutkan bahwa “setiap orang berhak mendapatkan kemudahan dan perlakuan khusus untuk memperoleh kesempatan dan manfaat yang sama, guna mencapai persamaan dan keadilan”.Perlindungan hak asasi manusia, di bidang tenaga kerja, terutama bagi tenaga kerja wanita lokal, tidak terbatas hanya pada perlakuan ketentuan peraturan perundang-undangan secara formal, melainkan juga terhadap kontrol perlakuannya secara sosio-kultural, karena dalam beberapa aspek kedudukan wanita mempunyai perbedaan dengan laki-laki, namun tidak berarti dalam tuntutan hak asasinya berbeda, seperti pengupahan dan perlakuan.
Hydrogen Trapping at Neutron Irradiation Produced Defects in Recrystallized Alpha Annealed Zircaloy-4
Authors: Kammenzind Bruce F. 
Published: February 2018

Hydrogen is absorbed into zirconium alloy–clad fuel elements and structural components as a result of water-side corrosion in both pressurized water reactor (PWR) and boiling water reactor (BWR) environments. Increasing hydrogen concentrations in the zirconium alloy affect both its mechanical properties and dimensional stability. It is well known that hydrogen can diffuse relatively rapidly through zirconium base alloys (in relation to the lifetime of the components) in response to solid solution concentration, temperature, and stress gradients. Migration of hydrogen within a component through its life must be considered to reliably predict the performance of the component through life and even post-service life. Many of the physical properties needed to describe this process, such as the solubility of hydrogen in zirconium alloys, diffusion coefficients of hydrogen through zirconium alloys, and the Soret effect within zirconium alloys, already have been published. Many of these measurements have been made outside of the reactor core environment on nonirradiated zirconium alloys.
This paper presents in-reactor, isothermal hydrogen diffusion data that show an effect of the in-reactor radiation environment on the final measured hydrogen concentrations. Samples used are similar to the hydrogen diffusion couples used by several investigators in the past to measure the hydride dissolution solvus as a function of temperature. The experimental results are interpreted on the basis of a physical model for hydrogen trapping that hypothesizes that hydrogen in solid solution in the zirconium lattice comes into thermodynamic equilibria with the hydride phase as well as into a steady-state equilibrium with trapping at irradiation-induced defects within the lattice. In agreement with the model, the irradiation effect on final measured concentrations is seen to be a decreasing function of the irradiation temperature between ∼271°C and 354°C, with any effect essentially eliminated by an irradiation temperature of 354°C.
Study of Structure-Phase State of Oxide Films on E110 and E635 Alloys at Pre- and Post-Irradiation Stages
Authors: Shevyakov Alexandr , Novikov Vladimir V. , Markelov Vladimir A. , Obukhov Alexander V. , Kobylyansky Gennady P. 
Published: February 2018

SC VNIINM methods have been applied for studying oxide films formed on fuel assemblies during operation in NPP reactors, using the Research Institute of Atomic Reactors' hot cells. Transmission electron microscopy, along with energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy, have been applied to study the microstructure, phase, and elements composition of oxide films formed on fuel element cladding samples made of alloys E110 (Zr-1 %Nb) and E635 (Zr-1 %Nb-0.35 %Fe-1.2 %Sn) after the autoclave tests in distilled water, and also after four-year operation (for E110 alloys) and six-year operation (for E635 alloys) in the VVER-1000 reactor.
Oxide films formed on the surface of different materials have a different microstructure (grain size, tetragonal phase proportion, presence of defects, etc.) and a different phase composition. Primarily, the crystal structure of oxide films is a monoclinic crystal, but a considerable proportion of the tetragonal phase appears near the “metal-oxide” interface. Alloys of both types indicate the amorphization of second phase precipitates as the oxide film grows. The study of redistribution of alloying elements between the particles and the oxide film in the E635 alloy shows that iron and niobium are concentrated in pores. The research allows determination of the correlation between the concentration of micropores in the oxide film and an increase in the distance from the “metal-oxide” interface.
The study of the structure-phase state of irradiated oxide films with a thickness ranging from 10 μm (for E110 alloy fuel elements claddings) to 80 μm (formed on the E635 alloy fuel elements claddings) shows the absence of second-phase precipitates within their volume. The research data show that the concentration of micropores in oxide films after irradiation corresponds to concentration of micropores after long-term autoclave tests. Therefore, the reactor irradiation does not result in a change in porosity within the oxide film structure.
Fracture Resistance of Two Ferritic Stainless Steels After Intermediate Temperature Irradiation
Authors: Hawthorne J. Russell , Reed James R. , Sprague James A. 
Published: February 2018

Two plates of Alloy HT-9 and one plate of modified Alloy 9Cr-lMo were irradiated at temperatures ranging from 93 to 300°C to study alloy resistance to radiation-induced embrittlement for fusion reactor applications. The neutron fluences were ~1 × 1020 neutrons (n)/cm2 (E &gt; 1.0 MeV); assessments included the effects of alloy composition (12Cr versus 9Cr) and melt processing (Electroslag Refining (ESR) versus Argon Oxygen Decarburization (AOD)) on radiation resistance. Fracture resistance change was judged from pre versus postirradiation notch ductility and dynamic fracture toughness properties determined, respectively, with standard Charpy-V (Cv) and fatigue precracked Charpy-V (PCCv) tests.
A significant difference in radiation resistance was observed for the two alloys. The dissimilarity can be attributed to their respective compositions or microstructures or both. Comparable radiation resistance was found for ESR versus AOD plates from the same (parent) melt. Irradiation at 93°C elevated the brittle/ductile transition of the Alloy HT-9 to the simulated service temperature. In contrast, an appreciable toughness reserve against additional fluence was exhibited by both alloys after irradiation at 149°C (or higher).
The data indicate a general agreement of Cv and PCCv methods in their independent assessment of irradiation embrittlement. However, the alloys showed a very marked difference in the relative temperature ranges of the Cv and PCCv brittle/ductile transitions wherein modified 9Cr-lMo but not HT-9 appeared to have a marked sensitivity to test specimen notch acuity. Scanning electron microscope (SEM) examinations of the modified 9Cr-lMo specimens showed predominantly cleavage failure in PCCv tests at temperatures where Cv specimens failed predominantly in shear.
New data for Alloy HT-9 weld heat affected zone material and AISI Type 308-16 weld deposit materials irradiated at 288°C are also presented.
Mechanical Burst Properties of Irradiated and Annealed Zircaloy Fuel-Rod Cladding
Authors: Lowry Larry M. , Perrin James S. , Landow Mark P. 
Published: February 2018

The objective of this program was to provide a mechanical-property data base that could be used to predict the performance of Zircaloy-4 clad fuel rods under various power reactor conditions. The data were developed for off-normal and transient reactor conditions where the source of cladding loads included thermal stresses and internal gas pressure.Irradiated fuel-rod cladding was obtained from the Westinghouse H. B. Robinson Reactor and the Babcock and Wilcox Oconee I Reactor. The irradiated fuel rods were first characterized using visual examination, gamma scanning, spiral profilometry, and eddy current tests to provide data for assessing the general condition of the as-received fuel rods and for determining the suitability of the cladding for testing. A group of specimens was transient annealed at heating rates of 0.56, 5.6, 14, and 28°C/s to maximum temperatures ranging from 482 to 816°C. After annealing, the specimens were tested at 371°C and at a strain rate of 0.004/min.The burst properties for both the Oconee I and the H. B. Robinson fuel-rod cladding exhibited similar trends after transient anneals. Large decreases in burst stresses and increases in burst strains occurred for specimens transient annealed above 600°C for both Oconee I and H. B. Robinson cladding. The strain recovery tended to lag the stress decreases for transient annealed burst specimens for both reactor materials as the maximum annealing temperature was increased.
Review of In-Service Thermal Annealing of Nuclear Reactor Pressure Vessels
Authors: Server William L. 
Published: February 2018

Radiation embrittlement of ferritic pressure vessel steels increases the ductile-brittle transition temperature and decreases the upper-shelf level of toughness as measured by Charpy impact tests. A thermal anneal cycle well above the normal operating temperature of the vessel can restore most of the original Charpy V-notch energy properties. A test reactor pressure vessel has been wet annealed at less than 343°C (650°F), and annealing of the Belgian BR-3 reactor vessel has recently taken place. An industry survey indicates that dry annealing a reactor vessel in-place is feasible, but solvable engineering problems do exist.
The materials with highest radiation sensitivity in the older reactor vessels are submerged-arc weld metals with high copper and nickel concentrations. The limited Charpy V-notch and fracture toughness data available for five such welds were reviewed. The review suggested that significant recovery results from annealing at 454°C (850°F) for one week.
Two of the main concerns with a localized heat treatment at 454°C (850°F) are the degree of distortion that may occur after the annealing cycle and the extent of residual stresses. A thermal and structural analysis of a reactor vessel for distortions and residual stresses found no problems with the reactor vessel itself but did indicate a rotation at the nozzle region of the vessel that would plastically deform the attached primary piping. Further analytical studies are needed.
An American Society for Testing and Materials (ASTM) task group is upgrading and revising the ASTM Recommended Guide for In-Service Annealing of Water-Cooled Nuclear Reactor Vessels (E 509-74) with emphasis on the materials and surveillance aspects of annealing rather than system engineering problems. System safety issues are the province of organizations other than ASTM (for example, the American Society of Mechanical Engineers Boiler and Pressure Vessel Code body).
NEUTRON RESPONSE FUNCTION OF BONNER SPHERE SPECTROMETER WITH 6LiI(Eu) DETECTOR
Authors: Tursinah Rasito , Bunawas Bunawas , Kim Jungho 
Published: February 2018

Neutron Response Function of Bonner Sphere Spectrometer With 6LiI(Eu) Detector. The detector response function was needed to measure the neutron fluence based on the count rates from Bonner Sphere Spectrometer (BSS). The determination of response function of a BSS with 6LiI(Eu) detector has been performed using Monte Carlo MCNPX code. This calculation was performed for BSS using scintillation detector of 4 mm × 4 mm 6LiI(Eu) which is placed at the center of a set of polyethylene spheres i.e bare, 2", 3", 5", 8", 10", and 12" diameters. The BSS response functions were obtained for neutron energy of 1x10-9 MeV - 1x102 MeV in 111 energy bins and each value has an uncertainty less or equal to 2 %. The response function were compared with two response functions reported in the literature i.e IAEA document in Technical Reports Series 403 (TRS-403) and the calculation from Vega-Carrillo, et al. Also validated with measurement 252Cf neutron spectra, that shown the simulated BSS spectra were quite close to the experimental measured with a differrence of 3%.
The changes of α-galactosides during germination and high pressure treatment of chick-pea seeds
Authors: Dostálová J. , Kadlec P. , Culková J. , Hinková A. , Houška M. , Strohlam J. 
Published: February 2018

The α-galactosides negatively affect of digestibility of grain legumes. The most effective way of α-galactosides decreasing is germination. The content of α-galactosides in chick-pea was decreased by 4 days germination up to 24% of original value in dry seeds. The 2 days germinated chick-pea seeds were treated by pressure 500 MPa for 10 minutes. The α-galactosides content was decreased by this treatment up to 31% of value before pressurisation and during 21 days storing decreased up to 7% of value before pressurisation.
Phenolic compounds as cross-links of plant derived polysaccharides
Authors: Bunzel M. , Ralph J. , Steinhart H. 
Published: February 2018

Plant cell wall polysaccharides are partially cross-linked via phenolic compounds. As shown in the past, the most important phenolic compounds to cross-link plant cell-wall polysaccharides are ester-linked ferulic acid dimers, but p-coumarate dimers were also shown to be potential cross-linking compounds. Recently, ferulic acid dimers were identified and quantified in a range of cereal grains. The isolation of 8-O-4-dehydrodiferulic aciddiarabinoside from maize bran shows that diferulic acids are able to form intermolecular cross-links between arabinoxylans. The more recently identified sinapic acid dehydrodimers and ferulic acid dehydrotrimers provide additional contributions to building up a strong network of plant cell wall polysaccharides.
Allium discoloration: the nature of onion pinking and garlic greening
Authors: Kubec R. , Hrbáčová M. , A Musah R. , Velíšek J. 
Published: February 2018

Precursors involved in the formation of pink and green-blue pigments during onion and garlic processing, respectively, have been studied. It has been confirmed that the formation of both pigments is of a very similar nature, with (E)-S-(1-propenyl)cysteine sulfoxide (isoalliin) serving as the primary precursor. Upon disruption of the tissue, isoalliin and other S-alk(en)ylcysteine sulfoxides are enzymatically cleaved, yielding prop-1-enylcontaining thiosulfinates [CH<sub>3</sub>CH = CHS(O)SR; R = methyl, allyl, propyl, 1-propenyl], among others. The latter compounds subsequently react with amino acids to produce the pigments. Whereas the onion and leek-related propyl, prop-1-enyl and methyl derivatives can form pink, pink-red and magenta compounds, those containing the allyl group yield dark blue products after reacting with glycine at pH 5.0.
Protein-lipid interactions during oxidation of liposomes
Authors: Salminen H. , Kivikari R. , Heinonen M. 
Published: February 2018

Oxidation of bovine serum albumin and its interaction with phenolic red raspberry and bilberry extracts (4.2 and 8.4 μg/ml) was investigated in a liposome system. Samples were incubated in the dark at 37°C with copper, and the extent of oxidation was measured by determing the loss of tryptophan fluorescence and the formation of protein carbonyls, conjugated diene hydroperoxides and hexanal. Both red raspberry and bilberry extracts inhibited lipid and protein oxidation. Red raspberry extract in 4.2 μg/ml concentration was the best inhibitor against both lipid and protein oxidation. In conclusion, oxidative deterioration due to protein-lipid oxidation is inhibited by phenolic compounds in berries.
Lipid oxidation in margarine emulsions
Authors: Pokorná I. , Filip V. , Šmidrkal J. 
Published: February 2018

Influence of different storage atmosphere (argon and oxygen atmosphere) and influence of monoacylglycerol’s emulsifier (with the carbon chain containing 10, 12, 14, 16, 18 carbon atoms and commercial emulsifier D and a model mixture of monoacylglycerols with the carbon chains containing 10, 12, 14 carbon atoms) on lipid oxidation in margarine emulsions were observed. The rate of lipid oxidation in emulsion with oxygen atmosphere depends on oxygen diffusion through the emulsion layer, while lipid oxidation in emulsion with inert atmosphere is influenced by initial oxygen concentration in water and fat phase. Lipid oxidation in emulsion also depends on acyl combination and the acyl length in emulsifier. Emulsions with monostearoylglycerol oxidized minimally while emulsions with a mixture of monoacylglycerols oxidized maximally.
Amino-dealkoxylation of hm citruc pectin with n-alkylamines: a kinetic study
Authors: Sihelniková L. , Synytsya A. , Čopíková J. 
Published: February 2018

Pectins are plant polysaccharides that are widely used in food industry. Chemical modification of pectins influences their technological properties. Amidated pectins are important pectin derivatives with good gelling properties at low-sugar conditions. The common method of pectin amidation is ammonolysis of methyl ester groups of highly methoxylated (HM) pectins in heterogeneous reaction with ammonia in methanol. Aminodealkoxylation (aminolysis) of HM pectin with primary amines leads to the formation of N-alkylpectinamides. The reaction yield of aminolysis depends on reaction time, temperature and the pectin/alkylamine ratio. The reaction of HM citrus pectin (type XSS, Danisco) with five chosen n-alkylamines (n-butylamine, n-hexylamine, n-octylamine, n-dodecylamine and n-octadecylamine) was carried out in N,N-dimethylformamide at 20°C (n-butylamine, n-hexylamine, n-octylamine) and at 50°C (all the amines) for 1–9 days. Obtained results can be applied to prepare N-alkylpectinamides of predicted DA varying the reaction time at the same reaction conditions (temperature, pectin/alkylamine ratio).