bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
SmartCodes: functionalized barcodes that enable targeted retrieval of clonal lineages from a heterogeneous population
Authors: Rebbeck Clare , Raths Florian , Ben Cheik Bassem , Gouin Kenneth , Hannon Gregory J. , Knott Simon R. V. 
Published: June 2018

AbstractMolecular barcoding has provided means to link genotype to phenotype, to individuate cells in single-cell analyses, to enable the tracking of evolving lineages, and to facilitate the analysis of complex mixtures containing phenotypically distinct lineages. To date, all existing approaches enable retrospective associations to be made between characteristics and the lineage harbouring them, but provide no path toward isolating or manipulating those lineages within the complex mixture. Here, we describe a strategy for creating functionalized barcodes that enable straightforward manipulation of lineages within complex populations of cells, either marking and retrieval of selected lineages, or modification of their phenotype within the population, including their elimination. These “SmartCodes” rely on a simple CRISPR-based, molecular barcode reader that can switch measurable, or selectable markers, on or off in a binary fashion. While this approach could have broad impact, we envision initial approaches to the study of tumour heterogeneity, focused on issues of tumour progression, metastasis, and drug resistance.
Understanding customer satisfaction in the UK quick service restaurant industry
Authors: Nguyen Quang , Nisar Tahir M. , Knox Dan , Prabhakar Guru Prakash 
Published: June 2018

PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to examine the impact of the five dimensions of service quality on customer satisfaction in the UK fast food market and to indicate which factors among the five dimensions have a main role in driving overall customer satisfaction.Design/methodology/approachPrimary data in the form of 147 questionnaire responses were been collected from a variety of quick service fast food restaurants in the UK. Likert seven-point rating scales were used to structure the questionnaire. Data were collected from the customers at two KFC restaurants, two McDonald’s restaurants, and one Burger King Restaurant.FindingsThe results of the analysis indicate that tangibles, responsiveness and assurance play the most important role in driving customer satisfaction in the UK fast food industry, followed by reliability and empathy. Results of correlation and regression analysis show that physical attributes (tangible) of service quality are key to customer satisfaction. In a nutshell, the tangibles variable is the most important factor driving customer satisfaction in the context of the UK fast food market.Originality/valueThis research incorporates unique and original insights in relation to the British fast food restaurants market and the results constitute novel findings pertaining to the importance of physical facilities and attributes. This account of the relative importance of service quality dimensions in fast food restaurants in the UK adds value to the field. The findings of this research have contributed to a better understanding of the main factors that influence service quality and customer satisfaction and have implications from a managerial point of view in the highly competitive UK fast food and wider foodservice industry.
“Fit in” fitness point
Authors: Saxena Stuti 
Published: June 2018

Subject area
Marketing management.

Study level/applicability
Undergraduate/Postgraduate.

Case overview
The present case is a disguised one and is meant to enable students to critically analyse the operations and functioning of a fitness centre located in a city. Despite a runaway success, “Fit in” was facing problems of time-management and members’ management. Thus, catering to the members was becoming unwieldy, especially with respect to providing the personalized experience to the members, which was their forte. Thus, Mukesh and Naina faced the challenge of motivating their existing members and getting fresh referrals. Should they cut some of their services? Should they make some changes in manpower management? Or, should they change the operating strategy for their business?

Expected learning outcomes
Expected learning outcomes are as follows: how to ensure customer loyalty in service organization settings and how to enhance motivation among the service customers.

Supplementary materials
Teaching Notes are available for educators only. Please contact your library to gain login details or email support@emeraldinsight.com to request teaching notes.

Subject code
CSS: 3: Entrepreneurship.
An adaptive approach for prediction of propellant feedline dynamics in fluid network
Authors: Ravindran Sivaguru S. , Majumdar Alok K. 
Published: June 2018

Purpose
This paper aims to propose an adaptive unstructured finite volume procedure for efficient prediction of propellant feedline dynamics in fluid network.

Design/methodology/approach
The adaptive strategy is based on feedback control of errors defined by changes in key variables in two subsequent time steps.

Findings
As an evaluation of the proposed approach, two feedline dynamics problems are formulated and solved. First problem involves prediction of pressure surges in a pipeline that has entrapped air and the second is a conjugate heat transfer problem involving prediction of chill down of cryogenic transfer line. Numerical predictions with the adaptive strategy are compared with available experimental data and are found to be in good agreement. The adaptive strategy is found to be efficient and robust for predicting feedline dynamics in flow network at reduced CPU time.

Originality/value
This study uses an adaptive reduced-order network modeling approach for fluid network.
Numerical simulation of flow field in the pneumatic compact spinning systems using Finite Element Method
Authors: Su Xuzhong , Liu Xinjin , Liu Xiaoyan 
Published: June 2018

Purpose
Pneumatic compact spinning is the most widely used compact spinning method at present, in which the negative pressure airflow is used to condense the fiber in order to decrease the spinning triangle and improve the yarn qualities. Therefore, the research on flow field in the condensing zone is always the emphasis for pneumatic compact spinning. The paper aims to discuss these issues.

Design/methodology/approach
By using finite element method (FEM), the flow field in two kinds of pneumatic compact spinning was studied. Taking three kinds of cotton yarns as examples, with the help of high-speed camera system OLYMPUS i-SPEED3, the motion trajectory of fiber strand in the condensing zone was obtained. Three-dimensional physical models of the condensing zone of the two compact spinning systems were obtained according to the measured parameters of practical spinning systems.

Findings
It is shown that on the both left edge of B1 line and right edge of B2 line, the airflow inflows to the center line of suction slot, and the condensed effects are produced, correspondingly. In the condensing zone, there are three condensing processes acting on the fiber strand, including the rapid condensing effects in the front condensing zone, the adequately condensing effects in the middle condensing zone, and stable output effects in the back condensing zone.

Originality/value
By using FEM, numerical simulations of three-dimensional flow field in condensing zone for two kinds of pneumatic compact spinning with lattice apron were presented, and corresponding spun yarn qualities were analyzed.
Exploration of the efficacy of the case method of teaching
Authors: Reed Marlene M. , Brunson Rochelle Reed 
Published: June 2018

SynopsisThe purpose of this research is to identify studies that had been undertaken to determine the efficacy of the case method of teaching as compared to the lecture method in an academic setting. An extensive search of secondary sources to identify research was undertaken to determine the effectiveness of case teaching as compared to the lecture method. The findings of this study indicate within the research reviewed the following positive results of case teaching noted by students: enhanced learning of the subject; heightened student engagement in the classroom; and the receipt of higher grades in some disciplines. The following negative results are also found: lack of understanding of course content and the method is more challenging and time consuming. In a national survey of faculty using the case method for the first time, the following positive outcomes of utilizing the case method were found: develops strong critical-thinking skills, greater retention of course material and more active engagement in the classroom. The limitations are the inconsistency of variables measured in the study and the small sample sizes. “Recommendations for further study include the use of larger sample sizes and a control group using the lecture method of teaching.”Research methodologyAn extensive search for all studies is performed in the classroom to evaluate and compare the use of the case method as compared to the lecture method of teaching.Relevant courses and levelsThe courses evaluated in the study are from a variety of disciplines in universities.Theoretical basesA review of research studies is performed to evaluate the efficacy of the case method of teaching as compared to the lecture method.
Tacrolimus ointment for the treatment of adult and pediatric atopic dermatitis: Review on safety and benefits
Authors: Ohtsuki Mamitaro , Morimoto Hiroshi , Nakagawa Hidemi 
Published: June 2018

AbstractAtopic dermatitis (AD) requires long‐term management, mainly with topical anti‐inflammatory agents. Topical corticosteroids (TCS) and tacrolimus ointment (TAC‐O) are recommended as first‐line treatments for AD. However, the long‐term use of TCS is limited by cutaneous adverse events such as skin atrophy. For TAC‐O, Japanese and US labelings were updated in 2003 and 2006, respectively, to include a boxed warning about a theoretical risk of skin cancer and lymphoma in patients treated with topical calcineurin inhibitors. However, TAC‐O has been used worldwide for longer than 15 years to treat adult and pediatric patients with AD. Available data suggest that TAC‐O is effective and well tolerated, and can improve quality of life. TAC‐O has successfully been used in the proactive management of AD consisting of long‐term intermittent use to prevent, delay or reduce the occurrence of AD flares. Systemic drug absorption after TAC‐O application is negligible and unlikely to result in systemic immunosuppression. There is currently no strong evidence of an increased rate of malignancy in treated patients, and observational data from postmarketing surveillance studies have shown no safety concerns. In the absence of robust evidence, the warning about the carcinogenic potential in the Japanese labeling for TAC‐O does not appear justified and should be reconsidered. This mitigation of description would allow adult and pediatric patients with AD to receive the effective treatment more appropriately.
The efficacy of ultrasound in the follow up after a negative sentinel lymph node in women with vulvar cancer: a prospective single‐centre study
Authors: Pouwer AW , Mus RDM , IntHout J , van der Zee AGJ , Bulten J , Massuger LFAG , de Hullu JA 
Published: June 2018

ObjectiveTo determine the efficacy of the addition of an ultrasound of the groins in routine follow up of women with vulvar squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) after a negative sentinel lymph node (SLN).DesignProspective single‐centre study.SettingA tertiary expert oncology centre for the treatment of vulvar cancer.PopulationAll women with vulvar SCC with a negative SLN, treated between 2006 and 2014.MethodsWe prospectively collected data of 139 women with vulvar SCC treated with an SLN procedure. We analysed data of 76 patients with a negative SLN. Three‐monthly follow‐up visits consisted of physical examination combined with an ultrasound of the groins by a radiologist.Main outcome measuresThe diagnostic value of ultrasound in the follow up of women with vulvar SCC with a negative SLN during the first 2 years after treatment.ResultsDuring a routine visit, two asymptomatic isolated groin recurrences were detected. Both patients were treated by inguinofemoral lymphadenectomy and adjuvant radiotherapy and are alive without evidence of disease 39 and 120 months after diagnosis. In total, 348 ultrasounds and 29 fine‐needle aspiration were performed. The sensitivity of ultrasound to detect a groin metastasis was 100% (95% CI 16–100%), and specificity was 92% (95% CI 89–95%).ConclusionsRoutine follow up including ultrasound of the groin led to early detection of asymptomatic isolated groin recurrences. Further research is necessary to determine the exact role of ultrasound in the follow up of patients with vulvar SCC with a negative SLN.Tweetable abstractRoutine follow up including ultrasound of the groin led to early detection of asymptomatic isolated groin recurrences.
Student‐Generated Pre‐Exam Questions is an Effective Tool for Participatory Learning: A Case Study from Ecology of Waterborne Pathogens Course
Authors: Teplitski Max , Irani Tracy , Krediet Cory J. , Di Cesare Mariachiara , Marvasi Massimiliano 
Published: June 2018

AbstractThis multiyear study helps elucidate how the instructional practice of student‐generated questions support learning in a blended classroom in science, technology, engineering, and mathematics subjects. Students designed multiple‐choice pre‐exam questions aimed at higher levels of learning, according to Bloom's taxonomy. Student‐generated questions were edited by the instructor and then discussed by the students in the classroom and in an online forum. We tested the hypothesis that this intervention improves student learning, measured as student achievement on the exam following the intervention, and compared to student achievement on the traditional exam (prior to which a review session focused on instructor‐led recitation of the key concepts). Following the intervention in all years, average grade on the post‐intervention exam increased by 7.44%. It is important to point out that not all students benefited equally from this activity. Students who were in the 4th quintile (60% to 80%) based on the results of the 1st exam demonstrated the highest achievement improving their performance on average by 12.37% percentage points (measured as a score on the 2nd exam). Gains were not observed in the semesters when the intervention was not implemented. In this study we provided students detailed instructions on how to design questions that focus on testing higher levels of learning.
Effects of Lowering Dialysate Calcium Concentration on Bone Metabolic Markers in Hemodialysis Patients With Suppressed Serum Parathyroid Hormone: A Preliminary Study
Authors: Niwa Hiroki , Fukasawa Hirotaka , Ishibuchi Kento , Kaneko Mai , Yasuda Hideo , Furuya Ryuichi 
Published: June 2018

AbstractAlthough the Kidney Disease Improving Global Outcomes (KDIGO) guidelines recommend a dialysate calcium concentration between 2.5 and 3.0 mEq/L, its optimal concentration remains unclear. A total of 53 hemodialysis patients with intact parathyroid hormone (PTH) levels <150 pg/mL were enrolled in this prospective observational study. A dialysate calcium concentration was converted from 3.0 to 2.75 mEq/L and bone metabolic markers including bone alkaline phosphatase (BAP) and tartrate‐resistant acid phosphatase‐5b (TRACP‐5b) were examined. After 3 months, serum corrected calcium levels decreased (P < 0.001), while serum intact PTH, BAP and TRACP‐5b levels increased (P < 0.05, P < 0.05 and P < 0.001, respectively). Multiple regression analyses showed that the amount of change in BAP was significantly associated with dialysis vintage (P < 0.01). In conclusion, the lowering of dialysate calcium concentration stimulated parathyroid gland and bone remodeling in hemodialysis patients with suppressed PTH, particularly with longer dialysis vintage.
Short‐term postoperative complications and prognostic factors in patients with adenocarcinoma of the esophagogastric junction
Authors: Zhang Hui , Zhang WeiJian , Peng DeFeng , Zhu JinHai 
Published: June 2018

BackgroundThe study was conducted to investigate the short‐term complications and prognostic factors in patients with esophagogastric junction adenocarcinoma (EGJA).MethodsThis retrospective study included 110 EGJA patients who underwent surgery from January 2010 to November 2012 at The First Affiliated Hospital of BengBu Medical College. The overall survival and short‐term complications were analyzed according to the patients’ clinical characteristics.ResultsThe incidence of postoperative cardiopulmonary complications was significantly higher in patients with preoperative cardiopulmonary disease or elderly patients (P < 0.05). Four cases of upper margin cancer residue were detected using the abdominal approach and three using the thoracic approach, which indicated that the cancer residue margin was related to surgical approach. The overall five‐year survival rate was 34.3% and statistically differed according to pathological stage and en block resection (Pall < 0.05). Cox regression analysis showed that lymph node metastasis (P < 0.05) and the extent of tumor invasion (P < 0.05) were independent prognostic factors.ConclusionElderly patients with preoperative cardiopulmonary disease had an increased risk of developing postoperative cardiopulmonary complications. Lymph node status and depth of tumor invasion were independent factors related to patient prognosis.
Efficacy of postoperative adjuvant chemotherapy for esophageal squamous cell carcinoma: A meta‐analysis
Authors: Zhao Peiliang , Yan Wanpu , Fu Hao , Lin Yao , Chen Ke‐Neng 
Published: June 2018

BackgroundEsophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC) is the predominant type of esophageal cancer and most clinically curable patients are diagnosed with locally advanced disease. While the efficacy of preoperative treatment is relatively clear and well characterized, the effect of postoperative treatment, especially postoperative chemotherapy, remains controversial, and its role in the treatment strategy is obscure. We conducted an updated meta‐analysis to include recent developments.MethodsA comprehensive search in the PubMed, Embase, and Cochrane databases was performed to identify studies published from the inception of each database to February 2018. The overall survival (OS) and disease‐free survival (DFS) rates of patients treated with and without postoperative chemotherapy were analyzed and compared. Hazard ratios (HRs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were used to assess the associations between postoperative chemotherapy and patient survival. Potential publication bias was assessed using Egger's line regression test.ResultsA total of nine studies, including three randomized controlled trials and six retrospective studies, were retrieved from the databases, comprising a total of 1684 cases. The results showed that postoperative chemotherapy could improve OS (HR 0.78, 95% CI 0.66–0.91; P = 0.002) and DFS (HR 0.72, 95% CI 0.6–0.86; P < 0.001).ConclusionsThe current meta‐analysis supports postoperative chemotherapy as an independent favorable prognostic factor for ESCC, which could improve both OS and DFS.
Utility of the laryngeal handshake method for identifying the cricothyroid membrane
Authors: Oh H. , Yoon S. , Seo M. , Oh E. , Yoon H. , Lee H. , Lee J. , Ryu H. G. 
Published: June 2018

BackgroundThe cricothyroid membrane is the most commonly accessed location for invasive surgical airway. Although the laryngeal handshake method is recommended for identifying the cricothyroid membrane, there is no clinical data regarding the utility of the laryngeal handshake method in cricothyroid membrane identification. The objective of this study was to compare the accuracy of cricothyroid membrane identification between the laryngeal handshake method and simple palpation.MethodsAfter anaesthesia induction, the otorhinolaryngology resident and anaesthesia resident identified and marked the needle insertion point for cricothyroidotomy using simple palpation and the laryngeal handshake method, respectively. The cricothyroid membrane was confirmed with ultrasonography. Identification was determined successful if the marked point was placed within the longitudinal area of the cricothyroid membrane and within 5 mm from midline transversely. The accuracy of cricothyroid membrane identification using the laryngeal handshake method and simple palpation was compared.ResultsA total of 123 patients were enrolled. The cricothyroid membrane was correctly identified in 87 (70.7%, 95% confidence interval 61.8‐78.6%) patients using the laryngeal handshake method compared to 78 (63.4%, 95% confidence interval 54.3‐71.9%) patients using simple palpation (P = .188). The time required to identify the cricothyroid membrane was longer when using the laryngeal handshake method (15 [3‐48] seconds vs 10.9 [3‐55] seconds, P = .003).ConclusionThe success rate of identifying the cricothyroid membrane was similar among the anesthesiologists who performed the laryngeal handshake method and also among otorhinolaryngologists who used simple palpation.
Intensive care doctors’ preferences for arterial oxygen tension levels in mechanically ventilated patients
Authors: Schjørring O. L. , Toft‐Petersen A. P. , Kusk K. H. , Mouncey P. , Sørensen E. E. , Berezowicz P. , Bestle M. H. , Bülow H.‐H. , Bundgaard H. , Christensen S. , Iversen S. A. , Kirkeby‐Garstad I. , Krarup K. B. , Kruse M. , Laake J. H. , Liboriussen L. , Læbel R. L. , Okkonen M. , Poulsen L. M. , Russell L. , Sjövall F. , Sunde K. , Søreide E. , Waldau T. , Walli A. R. , Perner A. , Wetterslev J. , Rasmussen B. S. 
Published: June 2018

BackgroundOxygen is liberally administered in intensive care units (ICUs). Nevertheless, ICU doctors’ preferences for supplementing oxygen are inadequately described. The aim was to identify ICU doctors’ preferences for arterial oxygenation levels in mechanically ventilated adult ICU patients.MethodsIn April to August 2016, an online multiple‐choice 17‐part‐questionnaire was distributed to 1080 ICU doctors in seven Northern European countries. Repeated reminder e‐mails were sent. The study ended in October 2016.ResultsThe response rate was 63%. When evaluating oxygenation 52% of respondents rated arterial oxygen tension (PaO2) the most important parameter; 24% a combination of PaO2 and arterial oxygen saturation (SaO2); and 23% preferred SaO2. Increasing, decreasing or not changing a default fraction of inspired oxygen of 0.50 showed preferences for a PaO2 around 8 kPa in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, a PaO2 around 10 kPa in patients with healthy lungs, acute respiratory distress syndrome or sepsis, and a PaO2 around 12 kPa in patients with cardiac or cerebral ischaemia. Eighty per cent would accept a PaO2 of 8 kPa or lower and 77% would accept a PaO2 of 12 kPa or higher in a clinical trial of oxygenation targets.ConclusionIntensive care unit doctors preferred PaO2 to SaO2 in monitoring oxygen treatment when peripheral oxygen saturation was not included in the question. The identification of PaO2 as the preferred target and the thorough clarification of preferences are important when ascertaining optimal oxygenation targets. In particular when designing future clinical trials of higher vs lower oxygenation targets in ICU patients.