bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Dynamics of exhaled breath temperature after smoking a cigarette and its association with lung function changes predictive of COPD risk in smokers: a cross-sectional study
Authors: Šipoš Ivana Huljev , Labor Slavica , Jurić Iva , Plavec Davor , Vlahoviček Kristian , Bogović Siniša , Vukelić Justinija Pavkov , Labor Marina 
Published: June 2019

Abstract
Exhaled breath temperature (EBT) is a biomarker of inflammation and vascularity of the airways already shown to predict incident COPD. This cross-sectional study was aimed to assess the potential of EBT in identifying “healthy” smokers susceptible to cigarette smoke toxicity of the airways and to the risk of developing COPD by analysing the dynamics of EBT after smoking a cigarette and its associations with their demographics (age, smoking burden) and lung function. The study included 55 current smokers of both sexes, 29–62 years of age, with median smoking exposure of 15 (10–71.8) pack-years. EBT was measured at baseline and 5, 15, 30, 45, and 60 min after smoking a single cigarette. Lung function was measured with spirometry followed by a bronchodilator test. To compare changes in EBT between repeated measurements we used the analysis of variance and the area under the curve (EBTAUC) as a dependent variable. Multivariate regression analysis was used to look for associations with patient characteristics and lung function in particular. The average (±SD) baseline EBT was 33.42±1.50 °C. The highest significant increase to 33.84 (1.25) °C was recorded 5 min after the cigarette was smoked (p=0.003), and it took one hour for it to return to the baseline. EBTAUC showed significant repeatability (ICC=0.85, p<0.001) and was significantly associated with age, body mass index, number of cigarettes smoked a day, baseline EBT, and baseline FEF75 (R2=0.39, p<0.001 for the model). Our results suggest that EBT after smoking a single cigarette could be used as early risk predictor of changes associated with chronic cigarette smoke exposure.
Faecal indicator bacteria and antibiotic-resistant β-lactamase producing Escherichia coli in blackwater: a pilot study
Authors: Šunta Urška , Žitnik Miha , Finocchiaro Noemi Concetta , Bulc Tjaša Griessler , Torkar Karmen Godič 
Published: June 2019

Abstract
The aim of this study was to identify and quantify faecal indicator bacteria in blackwater collected from a source separation unit and determine the amount of E. coli isolates resistant to antimicrobials and their potential to produce extended spectrum β-lactamases (ESβLs) and metallo-β-lactamases (MβLs), which hydrolyse the most important antibiotics used in clinical practice. Most of the isolates were resistant to amoxicillin with clavulanic acid (36.4 %), followed by ticarcillin with clavulanic acid (22.7 %) and tetracycline (18.2 %). ESβL-producing genes bla
CTX-M and bla
TEM were found in three (13.6 %) and four (18.2 %) E. coli strains, respectively, while MβL genes were found in two (9.1 %). By separating at source, this pilot study clearly shows that gastrointestinal bacteria of healthy people can be an important source of antibiotic resistance released into the environment through wastewaters. One way to prevent that is to treat wastewater with a combination of TiO2, UV light, or ozone, as successful methods to remove resistant bacteria and prevent their spread in the environment.
Fuzzy Logic Method for Predicting the Effect of Main Fabric Parameters Influencing Drape Phenomenon
Authors: Hamdi Thouraya , Ghith Adel , Fayala Faten 
Published: June 2019

Abstract
The main aspect of this research was to predict the drape parameters and describe clearly the drape phenomenon using fuzzy logic method. Forecasting features allow manufacturers to save time and improve their productivity. The bending rigidity, (in warp, weft, and skew direction), shear rigidity, and weight of fabric samples were used as the key input variables for the model, whereas drape coefficient, drape distance ratio, folds depth index, and node number were used as output/response variables. The results show that changing the values of fabric parameters significantly affected the fabric drape and a representative correlation values were found between the experimental values and those calculated by the fuzzy system.
Biosynthesis of Myo-Inositol in Chloroplasts of Salinity-Stressed Marine Macro Alga Ulva lactuca
Authors: Basu Sautrik , Basak Anusuya , Mahanty Dibyendu Sekhar , Bhattacharjee Sayani , Adhikari Jukta 
Published: June 2019

AbstractThe present communication reports enhanced myo-inositol biosynthesis under natural conditions in Ulva lactuca Linn. based on the study conducted on its two prime enzymes [L-myo-inositol-1-phosphate synthase (MIPS) and myo-inositol-1-phosphate phosphatase (MIPP)] involved in myo-inositol biosynthesis. The two key enzymes obtained from chloroplastidial sources were partially purified to about 49- and 58-fold, respectively, over the homogenate following low speed centrifugation, high speed centrifugation, 0–80% ammonium sulphate precipitation and successive chromatography using ion exchange, gel filtration and molecular sieve packed columns. MIPS preparations specifically utilized D-glucose-6-phosphate and NAD as its exclusive substrate and coenzyme, while MIPP preparations used D/L-myo-inositol -1- phosphate as its principal substrate. Using non-linear regression kinetics method, the Km values of MIPS for G-6-P and NAD were calculated to be 2.6340 mM and 0.1271 mM, while the Km value of MIPP for D-MIP was recorded to be 0.02128 mM. Both enzymes were remarkably active within a temperature range of 20–40°C, and the optimum pH for both enzymes were found to be 7.5. Different cations and organic modifiers exhibited variable effects on the activity of both enzymes. The content of free myo-inositol was found to increase proportionately with the increase of surface salinity of the Chilika Lagoon, Odisha, India.
New Records of Vascular Plant Distribution in the Polish Part of the Lithuanian Lakeland, North-Eastern Poland
Authors: Pliszko Artur , Woźniak-Chodacka Monika 
Published: June 2019

AbstractThe paper presents new localities of 15 vascular plants recorded in the Polish part of the Lithuanian Lakeland, north-eastern Poland in 2017–2018, using the ATPOL cartogram method. Crepis capillaris, Diplotaxis tenuifolia, Eragrostis albensis, Matthiola longipetala, Oenothera fruticosa, Oenothera glazioviana and Rubus armeniacus are listed as new species for the regional flora.
Controlled Infestation of Honeybee Colonies with Varroa Destructor Females
Authors: Sokół Rajmund , Gałęcki Remigiusz , Michalczyk Maria 
Published: June 2019

Abstract
The development of female Varroa destructor mites in the bee colonies was examined in the apiculture season through a developed research system in which bee colonies were experimentally infested with fifty V. destructor females. Differences in infestation rates were observed between the control group (C) and the infested group (E). The average number of female mites per colony was determined at 513 in group E and 261.6 in group C. Natural daily mortality reached 0.16 mites in group E and 0.09 mites in group C. In group E, the number of V. destructors increased 7.96 to 13.32-fold, subject to colony. The size of V. destructor populations increased at a higher rate in group E than in group C (F= 12.39, P= 0.047). At the end of the experiment, the percentage of infested honey bee workers was determined at 0.97% in group E and 0.46% in group C. The results of this study confirmed that V. destructor mites continue to proliferate rapidly in honey bee colonies, and that the population growth rate in bee colonies and apiaries has to be closely monitored due to growing levels of resistance to acaricides.
Hydrological and erosional response of a small catchment in Sicily
Authors: Licciardello Feliciana , Barbagallo Salvatore , Gallart Francesc 
Published: June 2019

Abstract
Increasing our understanding of the main processes acting in small Mediterranean catchments is essential to planning effective soil and water conservation practices in semi-arid areas. A monitoring program of a Sicilian catchment started in 1996 and ended in 2006. The factors driving the hydrological response for 170 events with runoff generation and 46 with sediment production were specified. The catchment response varied greatly over the year. Rainfall intensity was a poor driver of runoff generation, whereas both the simulations made with the Thornthwaite-Mather water balance model and hydrograph recession analyses, pointed to the chief importance of wet antecedent conditions and soil saturation processes in runoff generation. The influence of rainfall spatial variability was also examined. SSC-Q relationships, classified by following their shapes for all sediment production events, suggested that the principal role of small poorly vegetated hillslope patches was as sediment sources and confirmed the complexity of the hydrological response in this small Mediterranean catchment.
Finding behavioral parameterization for a 1-D water balance model by multi-criteria evaluation
Authors: Casper Markus C. , Mohajerani Hadis , Hassler Sibylle , Herdel Tobias , Blume Theresa 
Published: June 2019

Abstract
Evapotranspiration is often estimated by numerical simulation. However, to produce accurate simulations, these models usually require on-site measurements for parameterization or calibration. We have to make sure that the model realistically reproduces both, the temporal patterns of soil moisture and evapotranspiration. In this study, we combine three sources of information: (i) measurements of sap velocities; (ii) soil moisture; and (iii) expert knowledge on local runoff generation and water balance to define constraints for a “behavioral” forest stand water balance model. Aiming for a behavioral model, we adjusted soil moisture at saturation, bulk resistance parameters and the parameters of the water retention curve (WRC). We found that the shape of the WRC influences substantially the behavior of the simulation model. Here, only one model realization could be referred to as “behavioral”. All other realizations failed for a least one of our evaluation criteria: Not only transpiration and soil moisture are simulated consistently with our observations, but also total water balance and runoff generation processes. The introduction of a multi-criteria evaluation scheme for the detection of unrealistic outputs made it possible to identify a well performing parameter set. Our findings indicate that measurement of different fluxes and state variables instead of just one and expert knowledge concerning runoff generation facilitate the parameterization of a hydrological model.
The influence of observed and modelled net longwave radiation on the rate of estimated potential evapotranspiration
Authors: Kofroňová Jitka , Tesař Miroslav , Šípek Václav 
Published: June 2019

Abstract
Longwave radiation, as part of the radiation balance, is one of the factors needed to estimate potential evapotranspiration (PET). Since the longwave radiation balance is rarely measured, many computational methods have been designed. In this study, we report on the difference between the observed longwave radiation balance and modelling results obtained using the two main procedures outlined in FAO24 (relying on the measured sunshine duration) and FAO56 (based on the measured solar radiation) manuals. The performance of these equations was evaluated in the April–October period over eight years at the Liz experimental catchment and grass surface in the Bohemian Forest (Czech Republic). The coefficients of both methods, which describe the influence of cloudiness factor and atmospheric emissivity of the air, were calibrated. The Penman-Monteith method was used to calculate the PET. The use of default coefficient values gave errors of 40–100 mm (FAO56) and 0–20 mm (FAO24) for the seasonal PET estimates (the PET was usually overestimated). Parameter calibration decreased the FAO56 error to less than 20 mm per season (FAO24 remained unaffected by the calibration). The FAO56 approach with calibrated coefficients proved to be more suitable for estimation of the longwave radiation balance.
Quality of One-channel Telemetric ECG Sensor Signal in Maximum Exercise Stress Tests
Authors: Širaiy Boris , Trobec Roman , Ilić Vladimir 
Published: June 2019

Abstract
The aim of this study was to evaluate the quality of the ECG signal, obtained from a telemetric body-sensor device during a maximum stress test on an ergometer. Twenty-three subjects, 13 males, were included in the study (20.56±1.19 years). Two different sensor positions were verified on each subject by the concurrent use of two ECG sensors. Each subject participated in four exercise stress tests: two on a treadmill and two on a cycle ergometer. In the first test, both sensors were attached to self-adhesive skin electrodes on the body, while in the second test the sensors were additionally fixed with self-adhesive tapes. The measurements were compared on both ergometers, in terms of the ECG sensors’ positions and the methods used for the sensors’ fixation. The results showed a significant difference in the running speed that provides an assessable ECG signal between the non-fixed and the fixed sensors at position left inferior (p = 0.000), as well as between the positions left inferior and left superior in the first (p = 0.019), and in the second test (p = 0.000) on the treadmill. On the cycle ergometer the differences were significant between the positions left inferior and left superior in the first (p = 0.000), and the second test (p = 0.003), and between the tests with fixed and non-fixed sensors in the position left superior (p = 0.011). The study confirms that ECG sensors could be used for maximal exercise stress tests in laboratories, especially on a cycle ergometer, and that they present a great potential for future use of ECG sensors during physical activity.
Digital Signal Processing Algorithm for Measurement of Settling Time of High-Resolution High-Speed DACs
Authors: Kvedaras Rokas , Kvedaras Vygaudas , Ustinavičius Tomas , Masiulionis Ričardas 
Published: June 2019

Abstract
The paper presents the developed complex Digital Signal Processing algorithm for the reduction of white and 1/f noise and processing of the measurement signals of the Settling Time Measurement of the Digital-to-Analog Converters. The results show that the proposed DSP algorithm ensures 100-fold suppression of the white noise and 1/f noise. It was shown that it is possible to measure settling times of highspeed DACs (up to 16-17 Bits) with readout levels of ± 0.5 LSB while measurement errors do no exceed ± 1.4 ns.
Automatic ECG Artefact Removal from EEG Signals
Authors: Issa Mohamed F. , Tuboly Gergely , Kozmann György , Juhasz Zoltan 
Published: June 2019

Abstract
Electroencephalography (EEG) signals are frequently contaminated by ocular, muscle, and cardiac artefacts whose removal normally requires manual inspection or the use of reference channels (EOG, EMG, ECG). We present a novel, fully automatic method for the detection and removal of ECG artefacts that works without a reference ECG channel. Independent Component Analysis (ICA) is applied to the measured data and the independent components are examined for the presence of QRS waveforms using an adaptive threshold-based QRS detection algorithm. Detected peaks are subsequently classified by a rule-based classifier as ECG or non-ECG components. Components manifesting ECG activity are marked for removal, and then the artefact-free signal is reconstructed by removing these components before performing the inverse ICA. The performance of the proposed method is evaluated on a number of EEG datasets and compared to results reported in the literature. The average sensitivity of our ECG artefact removal method is above 99 %, which is better than known literature results.
Electromagnetic Compatibility and Radiation Analysis in Control Room
Authors: Kucera Matej , Gutten Miroslav , Simko Milan , Sebok Milan , Korenciak Daniel , Jarina Roman , Pitonak Martin 
Published: June 2019

Abstract
The article presents a theoretical analysis of electromagnetic compatibility (EMC) and experimental measurement of effects of radiation and acoustic emission of high-voltage transformers for electronic equipment and working personnel in a control room. Electromagnetic compatibility and safety of equipment are not considered as two distinct areas of study in electric and electronic safety. Economic criteria cannot compromise safety but at the same time immunity levels must be relevant in order to establish a “Functional Safety”. Introducing Special Immunity Levels in the level of equipment testing allows us to combine the two areas of EMC and safety. The measurement was carried out in high-current of very high-voltage distribution station. A real-life analysis of effects of electric and electromagnetic field was carried out. FFT was used for mathematical processing of data which were later presented in a graphical form of a spectrally analyzed area. In the last part of the paper we discuss the suitability of acoustic camera to perform contactless monitoring of the health and operation conditions of the power transformer by analyzing acoustic field generated by the transformer core and windings in near control room.
To the memory of Pápai Páriz Ferenc. The „Pax Corporis”, a home medical book for people
Authors: Árpád Balla , Benedek-György Pelok 
Published: June 2019

Abstract
We present the life, career and memory of Pápai Páriz Ferenc (1649, Dés - 1716, Nagyenyed), professor and rector of the Protestant College of Nagyenyed, the famous Transylvanian humanist, medical doctor, poet, philosopher, church historian, heraldist. He studied in Dés (now Dej, Romania), Gyulafehérvár (now Alba Iulia, Romania), Kolozsvár (now Cluj-Napoca, Romania), Marosvásárhely (now Târgu-Mureş, Romania) and Nagyenyed (now Aiud, Romania). In the spring of 1672 he set off from Nagyenyed for a pedestrian trip abroad. He admired the Treasury in Dresden, and attended medical studies in Leipzig and Heidelberg. He completed his medical studies in Basel. In 1674 he became doctor medicus and was elected member of the board of the medical faculty. He returned to Nagyenyed in 1675. Between 1676 and 1690 he is the physician of the court of the Transylvanian princely couple. In 1678 he got a department in the College of Nagyenyed, extended in 1680 with Greek, physics, natural sciences and medical knowledge departments. Between 1681 and 1715 he was the rector of the College. Above all he cherished peace. He was a versatile writer. His medical book written in Hungarian, the PAX CORPORIS, i.e. “the peace of the body” was printed and published at Kolozsvár in 1690. This was dedicated to the target community: “for the benefit of the stupid poor”, it substituted the physician in the family. The rules of a healthy lifestyle were formulated also. The popularity of the book was proved by those eleven editions we know about. Another great work was the Hungarian-Latin, Latin-Hungarian dictionary (Lőcse, now Levoca, Slovakia, 1708). His memory is kept by a bust and plate in the courtyard of the Protestant College of Nagyenyed. The Hungarian postal service (Magyar Posta) released a stamp on his 350th anniversary. His life, work and importance were appreciated by a number of authors across centuries. An internet search on the terms “Pápai” + “Páriz” + “Ferenc” returns an important number of hits. Many foundations and associations are dedicated to his memory.
Experimental Characterization of Routing Protocols in Urban Vehicular Communication
Authors: Punia Divya , Kumar Rajender 
Published: June 2019

Abstract
Vehicular communication is a cynosure in automotive industry these days. V2V communication is one of the types of vehicular communication which render lane change warning, emergency vehicle alert, intersection alert, congestion alert, payment at tolls etc. A simulation research on the utilization of vehicle to vehicle connectivity via different routing protocols in VANET, contemplating the instance of a city situation has been introduced in our paper in order to resolve the issue of traffic routing. A routing algorithm is proposed which firstly selects optimal path via carry and forward approach and then transmits information on that path and the proposed algorithm is then compared with contemporary routing protocols based on different QoS parameters like throughput, packet delivery ratio, delay which are measured using NETSIM simulator to evaluate the behaviour of dissimilar routing protocols. The proposed algorithm outperforms most of the simulation cases.
VERPLICHTE PROCUREURSTELLING UNTUK PERADILAN YANG SEDERHANA, CEPAT, DAN BIAYA RINGAN
Authors: Suparman Eman 
Published: June 2019

Civil law suits according to law should be performed in a simple, quick, cost efficient manner. Notwithstanding that, it is generally known that the procedure of filing and completing a civil law suit is not as easy as it seems. Understandably even the Civil Procedural Law made specifically for the Indonesian population (Het Herziene Indonesich Reglement) made available the ruling that parties may appoint legal counsel to represent them before court. The author addresses this practice before Indonesian civil court. Data was collected through observation and interviews. One finding is that almost 90% of all civil court cases registered involves the use of legal counsels.
Estudio de caso: Diamante de la Competitividad de Porter y la ventaja competitiva del sector hotelero del Cantón Santa Elena - Provincia de Santa Elena
Authors: Cedeño-Pinoargote Jairo Manuel , Benavides-Rodríguez Arturo 
Published: June 2019

El actual trabajo tiene como finalidad realizar un estudio acerca del plan estratégico que utilizan los diversos hoteles que existen en el cantón Santa Elena de la provincia de Santa Elena, aplicando la metodología del reconocido modelo de diamante de Porter, mediante una investigación exploratoria, se analizarán los recursos humanos, físicos, de conocimiento, de capital e infraestructura mediante las condiciones de los factores que posee cada uno de los establecimientos tomando en cuenta los puntos de mayor relevancia los cuales afectan o favorecen a estos, por consiguiente, se explorará las diversas condiciones de la demanda con los puntos más distinguidos del lugar, donde se establecerá si el hotel se encuentra relacionado vertical u horizontalmente con relación al servicio que brindan a los turistas. Además, se analizó los factores competitivos como a los clientes, la rivalidad de la competencia, los proveedores, productos sustitutos y la entrada de competidores. Por último, se determinará la situación actual de estos hoteles, conociendo así que tan factibles son las estrategias innovadoras que aplican para atraer al cliente, tomando en cuenta la perspectiva de dos matrices tanto internas como externas que permitirá reconocer tácticas gerenciales aprovechando las oportunidades y fortalezas que poseen los establecimientos.