bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Optical Coherence Tomography Angiography of Optic Disc in Eyes With Primary Open-angle Glaucoma and Normal-tension Glaucoma
Authors: Toshev Anani P. , Schuster Alexander Karl-Georg , ul Hassan Shahzada N. , Pfeiffer Norbert , Hoffmann Esther M. 
Published: January 2019

Purpose:
To examine vessel density (VD) properties of the optic nerve head in eyes with ocular hypertension (OHT), high-tension glaucoma (HTG), and normal-tension glaucoma (NTG) and to evaluate associations on structural parameters of retinal nerve fiber layer (RNFL).

Methods:
Three groups of patients with OHT (n=15), HTG (n=36), and NTG (n=22), and a healthy control group (n=23) were included in this study. Peripapillary VD and optic disc flow area were measured using optical coherence tomography angiography, and peripapillary RNFL (pRNFL) thickness was determined. Global and sectoral analysis of optic nerve head vasculature and pRNFL thickness were measured.

Results:
Glaucomatous eyes had lower global peripapillary VD (HTG: 54.04±5.11, NTG: 54.74±6.37) compared with nonglaucomatous eyes (OHT: 59.72±1.63, controls: 61.35±2.47). VD parameters of the optic disc were comparable between the control and OHT group and between the HTG and NTG group. In the HTG and NTG groups we found significant correlations between average peripapillary VD and global pRNFL thickness (HTG ρ=0.71, P<0.001; NTG ρ=0.65, P=0.001). This was true for all sectors except for the temporal position.

Conclusions:
Overall, glaucomatous eyes had lower peripapillary VD compared with normal and OHT eyes. There is a strong relationship between the peripapillary structure of RNFL and its vasculature.
Antipsychotic Use During Pregnancy and the Risk of Gestational Diabetes Mellitus
Authors: Uguz Faruk 
Published: January 2019

Abstract

Purpose
This study aimed to review the current literature examining a potential relationship between the use of antipsychotic drugs during pregnancy and gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM).

Methods
PubMed was searched for English language reports between January 1, 1996, and March 31, 2018, by using combinations of the following key words: antipsychotics, pregnancy, FGAs, SGAs, GDM, obstetric outcomes, pregnancy outcomes, obstetric complications, maternal complications, clozapine, olanzapine, risperidone, aripiprazole, amisulpirde, ziprasidone, quetiapine, haloperidol, chlorpromazine, zuclopenthixol, and flupenthixol. Studies but not case reports, case series, or reviews published in a peer-reviewed journal were eligible for inclusion.

Results
A total of 10 relevant studies that met the review criteria were examined. Data from these studies indicated that the prevalence rates of GDM in pregnant women using antipsychotic drugs and the nomedication group were 2.6% to 22% and 0.95% to 10.7%, respectively. Most comparative studies reported that antipsychotic treatment during pregnancy was not significantly associated with increased in risk of GDM. In addition, the study results also suggested that underlying maternal psychopathologies might affect the risk of GDM.

Implications
Findings from some studies suggesting a higher risk of GDM in pregnant women who were administered antipsychotic drugs were not confirmed by results of many other studies. The current evidence suggests no significant relationship between antipsychotic drugs, including second- and first-generation antipsychotics, and the risk of GDM.
Computed Tomography Enhancement Pattern of the Pancreatic Parenchyma Predicts Postoperative Pancreatic Fistula After Pancreaticoduodenectomy
Authors: Maehira Hiromitsu , Iida Hiroya , Mori Haruki , Kitamura Naomi , Miyake Toru , Shimizu Tomoharu , Tani Masaji 
Published: January 2019

Objective
The aim of this study was to assess the relationship between the computed tomography (CT) pancreatic parenchyma attenuation value and clinically relevant postoperative pancreatic fistula (POPF).

Methods
The medical records of 115 patients who underwent pancreaticoduodenectomy and preoperative dynamic CT were retrospectively reviewed. The CT attenuation values of the nonenhanced (N), arterial (A), portal venous (P), and late (L) phase in the pancreatic parenchyma were determined via CT, and the A/N, A/P, and P/L ratios were calculated. The CT attenuation values and value ratios were compared between the POPF and non-POPF groups.

Results
Thirty-two patients (28%) were categorized in the POPF group. On univariate analysis, the A/P ratio (P < 0.001) and P/L ratio (P = 0.018) were significantly higher in the POPF group. On receiver operating characteristic curve analysis, the A/P and P/L ratio cutoff values for predicting POPF were 1.19 and 1.17, respectively. Of the preoperative evaluable factors, A/P ratio of 1.19 or greater (P < 0.001; odds ratio, 10.3) and P/L ratio of 1.17 or greater (P = 0.049; odds ratio, 3.23) were independent predictive factors for POPF, and the combination of the 2 ratios was useful in detecting POPF preoperatively.

Conclusions
The enhancement pattern of the pancreatic parenchyma is associated with the development of clinically relevant POPF.
Improving Tracking of Postdischarge Results of Sexually Transmitted Infection Screening Tests in Hospitalized Adolescents and Young Adults: A Quality Improvement Initiative
Authors: Maslyanskaya Sofya , Alderman Elizabeth M. , Bhalakia Avni M. , Rinke Michael L. 
Published: January 2019

Abstract
Hospitalizations offer chlamydia and gonorrhea screening opportunities for youth who may not seek preventive care. Tracking of screening test results still pending after hospital discharge is an important component of clinical care. This process can be improved by protocol use and enhanced by effective, automated electronic health record tools.
The Long-term Patency of Lymphaticovenular Anastomosis in Breast Cancer–Related Lymphedema
Authors: Winters Harm , Tielemans Hanneke J. P. , Verhulst Arico C. , Paulus Vera A. A. , Slater Nicholas J. , Ulrich Dietmar J. O. 
Published: January 2019

Background and Objectives
Lymphedema is a condition that can greatly affect patient's quality of life. Promising results have been described with lymphaticovenular anastomosis (LVA) in the treatment of lymphedema. It is currently unknown at what rate anastomoses remain functional after a longer follow-up. The aim of this study was to determine LVA patency at 1-year follow-up.

Methods
Retrospective chart review was performed on patients who underwent LVA surgery. Patients who had indocyanine green lymphography performed at 12 months' follow-up after LVA were included in this study. Volume measurements were performed prior to surgery and at 6 and 12 months' follow-up. Patients quality of life was measured prior to surgery and at 6 months' follow-up.

Results
Twelve patients met inclusion criteria. In total, 15 (56.5%) of 23 LVAs were considered patent. In 8 patients (66.7%), at least 1 patent LVA was visible. The volume difference between the healthy and affected arms decreased 32.3% on average. Quality of life increased with 1.4 points on average.

Conclusions
This study is, to our knowledge, the first to evaluate long-term patency of LVA in upper limb lymphedema. Our study demonstrates that at least 56.5% of the anastomoses created are patent after 1-year follow-up.
Understanding the Impact and Misconceptions of Rural Plastic Surgery
Authors: Meyerson Joseph , Suber Jessica , Shields Tyler , Valerio Ian , Manders Ernest , Vangelisti Garrett 
Published: January 2019

Abstract
In the United States, 54 million people live in a designated health service area with either no plastic surgeon or less than 1 plastic surgeon per 100,000 population. Previous studies demonstrate that patients in rural communities often have limitations with access to basic primary care services and subspecialty care services. Such limitations can have significant adverse impacts on health care and quality of life. Plastic and reconstructive surgeons offer unique advantages especially within rural settings given their broad scope of surgical skillsets. The purposes of this study are to illustrate the shortage of plastic and reconstructive surgeons within rural America catchment regions, identify and outline certain care offerings provided by these surgical specialists, and highlight the potential impact having such specialists directly involved in provision of care to patients within rural community settings. Our group will present data demonstrating misperceptions and an unawareness by hospital administrators on routine care services provided through plastic surgery practices. We will also report on selective surgical offerings of 2 rural-based plastic surgeons and outline certain financial and reimbursement findings from their practices, while also illustrating the impact of their practice on their patients and the health care systems they provide coverage.
The Abdominal Hernia-Q
Authors: Mauch Jaclyn T. , Enriquez Fabiola A. , Shea Judy A. , Barg Frances K. , Rhemtulla Irfan A. , Broach Robyn B. , Thrippleton Sheri L. , Fischer John P. 
Published: January 2019

Objective:
Our study completes the development and estimates the psychometric properties of a novel, ventral hernia-specific patient reported outcomes (PRO) tool—the Abdominal Hernia-Q (AHQ).

Summary Background Data:
A standardized method for measuring hernia-related PRO has not been identified. There remains a need for a broadly applicable, hernia-specific tool that incorporates patient viewpoints and offers pre- and postoperative forms.

Methods:
Concept elicitation interviews, focus groups, and cognitive debriefing interviews were completed to define content. The preoperative AHQ was administered to patients scheduled to have a ventral hernia repair (VHR). The postoperative AHQ was administered to patients within 24 months post-VHR. The SF-12 and HerQLes were concurrently administered. Psychometric evaluation was performed. Subsequently, the AHQ (pre: 8 items; post: 16 items) underwent prospective testing.

Results:
Cross-sectional evaluations of patient responses to the AHQ (pre n = 104; post n = 261) demonstrated high internal consistency (Cronbach α pre = 0.86; post = 0.90) and moderate disattenuated correlations with the HerQLes (pre r = —0.71 and post r = —0.70) and the SF-12 domains (pre and post r ≥ 0.5 for 7 of 8 domains). Principal components analyses produced 2 factors preoperatively and 3 factors postoperatively. In prospective testing (n = 67), the AHQ scores replicated the cross-sectional psychometric results and suggested sensitivity to clinical outcomes.

Conclusions:
Through patient involvement and rigorous, iterative psychometric evaluation, we have produced substantial data to suggest the validity and reliability of AHQ scores in measuring hernia-specific PRO. The AHQ advances the clinical management and treatment of patients with abdominal hernias by providing a more complete understanding of patient-defined outcomes.
Females Are More Resistant to Ischemia-Reperfusion-induced Intestinal Injury Than Males
Authors: Hundscheid Inca H. R. , Schellekens Dirk H. S. M. , Grootjans Joep , Derikx Joep P. M. , Buurman Wim A. , Dejong Cornelis H. C. , Lenaerts Kaatje 
Published: January 2019

Background and Objective:
Sex differences in responses to intestinal ischemia-reperfusion (IR) have been recognized in animal studies. We aimed to investigate sexual dimorphism in human small intestinal mucosal responses to IR.

Methods:
In 16 patients (8 men and 8 women) undergoing pancreaticoduodenectomy, an isolated part of jejunum was subjected to IR. In each patient, intestinal tissue and blood was collected directly after 45 minutes of ischemia without reperfusion (45I-0R), after 30 minutes of reperfusion (45I-30R), and after 120 minutes of reperfusion (45I-120R), as well as a control sample not exposed to IR, to assess epithelial damage, unfolded protein response (UPR) activation, and inflammation.

Results:
More extensive intestinal epithelial damage was observed in males compared to females. Intestinal fatty acid binding protein (I-FABP) arteriovenous (V-A) concentrations differences were significantly higher in males compared to females at 45I-0R (159.0 [41.0–570.5] ng/mL vs 46.9 [0.3–149.9] ng/mL). Male intestine showed significantly higher levels of UPR activation than female intestine, as well as higher number of apoptotic Paneth cells per crypt at 45I-30R (16.4% [7.1–32.1] vs 10.6% [0.0–25.4]). The inflammatory response in male intestine was significantly higher compared to females, with a higher influx of neutrophils per villus at 45I-30R (4.9 [3.1–12.0] vs 3.3 [0.2–4.5]) and a higher gene expression of TNF-α and IL-10 at 45I-120R.

Conclusion:
The human female small intestine seems less susceptible to IR-induced tissue injury than the male small intestine. Recognition of such differences could lead to the development of novel therapeutic strategies to reduce IR-associated morbidity and mortality.
Cryptococcus deuterogattii VGIIa infection associated with travel to the Pacific Northwest outbreak region in an anti-GM-CSF autoantibody positive patient in the United States
Authors: Clancey Shelly Applen , Ciccone Emily J. , Coelho Marco A. , Davis Joie , Ding Li , Betancourt Renee , Glaubiger Samuel , Lee Yueh , Holland Steven M. , Gilligan Peter , Sung Julia , Heitman Joseph 
Published: January 2019

AbstractThe Pacific Northwest (PNW), Vancouver Island, Oregon, and Washington have been the location of an ongoing Cryptococcus gattii outbreak since the 1990s, and there is evidence that the outbreak is expanding along the West Coast into California. Here we report a clinical case of a 69-year-old, HIV-negative man from North Carolina who was diagnosed with a fungal brain mass by magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and pathology. He had traveled to Seattle and Vancouver three years earlier and Costa Rica four months prior to presentation. Phenotypic evidence shows the fungal mass isolated from the patient’s brain is C. gattii. In agreement with the phenotypic results, MLST provides genotypic evidence that assigns the infecting organism within in the C. gattii species complex and belonging to the C. deuterogattii VGIIa clade. Whole genome sequencing revealed >99.99% identity to the C. deuterogattii reference strain R265, indicating that the infecting strain is derived from the highly clonal outbreak strains in the PNW. We conclude the patient acquired the C. gattii infection during his travel to region three years prior and the infection was dormant for an extended period of time before causing disease. The patient tested positive for anti-granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF) autoantibodies, supporting earlier reports that implicate these autoantibodies as a risk factor a risk factor associated with C. gattii infection.ImportanceMortality rates associated with C. gattii infections are estimated to be between 13% and 33% depending on an individual’s predisposition, and C. gattii has caused more at least 39 deaths in the PNW region. There have been four other international travel cases reported in patients from Europe and Asia with travel history to the PNW, but this study describes the first North American travel who acquired C. deuterogattii infection presenting within the United States, and the first case of a C. deuterogattii outbreak infection associated with anti-GM-CSF autoantibodies. Early and accurate diagnoses are important for disease prevention, treatment, and control of infectious diseases. Continual reporting of C. deuterogattii infections is necessary to raise awareness of the ongoing outbreak in the PNW and alert travelers and physicians to the endemic areas with potential risks.
Post-translational modifications ofDrosophila melanogasterHOX protein, Sex combs reduced
Authors: Banerjee Anirban , Percival-Smith Anthony 
Published: January 2019

AbstractHomeotic selector (HOX) transcription factors (TFs) regulate gene expression that determines the identity ofDrosophilasegments along the anterior-posterior (A-P) axis. The current challenge with HOX proteins is understanding how they achieve their functional specificity while sharing a highly conserved homeodomain (HD) that recognize the same DNA binding sites. One mechanism proposed to regulate HOX activity is differential post-translational modification (PTM). As a first step in investigating this hypothesis, the sites of PTM on a Sex combs reduced protein fused to a triple tag (SCRTT) extracted from developing embryos were identified by Tandem Mass Spectrometry (MS/MS). The PTMs identified include phosphorylation at S185, S201, T315, S316, T317 and T324, acetylation at K218, S223, S227, K309, K434 and K439, formylation at K218, K309, K325, K341, K369, K434 and K439, methylation at S19, S166, K168 and T364, carboxylation at D108, K298, W307, K309, E323, K325 and K369, and hydroxylation at P22, Y87, P107, D108, D111, P269, P306, R310, N321, K325, Y334, R366, P392 and Y398. Of the 44 modifications, 18 map to functionally important regions of SCR. Besides a highly conserved DNA-binding HD, HOX proteins also have functionally important, evolutionarily conserved small motifs, which may be Short Linear Motifs (SLiMs). SLiMs are proposed to be preferential sites of phosphorylation. Although 6 of 7 phosphosites map to regions of predicted SLiMs, we find no support for the hypothesis that the individual S, T and Y residues of predicted SLiMs are phosphorylated more frequently than S, T and Y residues outside of predicted SLiMs.
Calorie restriction intervention induces enterotype-associated BMI loss in nonobese individuals
Authors: Zou Hua , Wang Dan , Ren Huahui , Chen Peishan , Fang Chao , Shi Zhun , Zhang Pengfan , Wang Jian , Yang Huanming , Cai Kaiye , Zhong Huanzi 
Published: January 2019

AbstractCalorie restriction (CR), which has the potential effect to weight loss and blood amino acids, has been demonstrated to associate with gut microbiota in human, especially in obese individuals. However, studies for simultaneously evaluating enterotype-dependent impacts of CR on the gut microbiota and blood amino acids in nonobese individuals are still limited.Here, 41 nonobese individuals received a 3-week CR diet with approximately 50% fewer calories than normal diet. We measured their BMI and blood amino acid concentration, along with the gut microbiota before and after the intervention. In this trial, 28 EnterotypeBacteroides(ETB) subjects and 13 EnterotypePrevotella(ETP) subjects were identified before the intervention. Short-term CR dietary intervention decreased the body mass index (BMI) in most subjects but varied in subjects with different enterotypes. ETP subjects exhibited significantly higher BMI loss ratio than the ETB subjects. CR additionally induced substantial enterotype-independent changes in blood amino acids, but only minor changes in gut microbial composition.We further built a prediction model based on baseline relative abundances of 7 gut microbial species showing high performance in predicting CR-associated BMI loss ratio. Among them, the relative abundance of ETB-enrichedClostridium bolteaeandC. ramosumwere negatively correlated with BMI loss ratio while the relative abundance ofDorea longicatenawhich was slightly enriched in ETP subjects, was positively correlated with BMI loss ratio.Together, our work points out that the individual variation of BMI loss after CR could be partially correlated with different microbial composition and highlights the potential application for microbiome stratification in personalized nutrition intervention.
RegSNPs-Intron: A computational framework for prioritizing Intronic Single Nucleotide Variants in Human Genetic Disease
Authors: Lin Hai , Hargreaves Katherine A. , Li Rudong , Reiter Jill L. , Mort Matthew , Cooper David N. , Zhou Yaoqi , Eadon Michael T. , Dolan M. Eileen , Ipe Joseph , Skaar Todd , Liu Yunlong 
Published: January 2019

AbstractA large number of single nucleotide variants (SNVs) in the human genome are known to be responsible for inherited disease. An even larger number of SNVs, particularly those located in introns, have yet to be investigated for their pathogenic potential. Using known pathogenic and neutral intronic SNVs (iSNVs), we developed the regSNPs-intron algorithm based on a random forest classifier that integrates RNA splicing, protein structure and evolutionary conservation features. regSNPs-intron showed high accuracy in computing disease-causing probabilities of iSNVs. Using a high-throughput functional reporter assay called ASSET-seq (ASsay for Splicing using ExonTrap and sequencing), we validated regSNPs-intron predictions by measuring the impact of iSNVs on splicing outcome. Together, regSNPs-intron and ASSET-seq enable effective prioritization of iSNVs for disease pathogenesis. regSNPs-intron is available at https://regsnps-intron.ccbb.iupui.edu.
Transcriptomics supports local sensory regulation in the antenna of the kissing bugRhodnius prolixus
Authors: Latorre-Estivalis Jose Manuel , Sterkel Marcos , Ons Sheila , Lorenzo Marcelo Gustavo 
Published: January 2019

ABSTRACTRhodnius prolixushas become a model for revealing the molecular bases of insect sensory biology due to the publication of its genome, its well characterized behavioural repertoire and the advent of NGS technologies. Gene expression modulation underlies behaviour-triggering processes at peripheral and central levels. Still, the regulation of sensory-related gene transcription in sensory organs is poorly understood. Here we study the genetic bases of plasticity in antennal sensory function, usingR. prolixusas an insect model. Antennal expression of neuromodulatory genes such as those coding for neuropeptides, neurohormones and their receptors was characterized by means of RNA-Seq. New nuclear receptor andtakeoutgene sequences were identified for this species, as well as those of enzymes involved in the biosynthesis and processing of neuropeptides and biogenic amines. We report a broad repertoire of neuromodulatory and endocrine genes expressed in antennae and suggest that they modulate sensory neuron function locally. Diverse neuropeptide-coding genes showed consistent expression in the antennae of all stages studied. Future studies should characterize the contribution of these modulatory components acting over antennal sensory processes to assess the relative contribution of peripheral and central regulatory systems on the plastic expression of insect behaviour.