bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The utility of contrast-enhanced hypodense sign for the diagnosis of pulmonary invasive mould disease in patients with haematological malignancies
Authors: Sassi Claudia , Stanzani Marta , Lewis Russell E , Facchini Giancarlo , Bazzocchi Alberto , Cavo Michele , Battista Giuseppe 
Published: March 2018

Objective:
The hypodense sign (HyS) on CT imaging is highly suggestive of pulmonary invasive mould disease (IMD) in patients with haematological malignancies, but its diagnostic utility has not been systematically evaluated on contrast-enhanced CT. The objective of this study was to compare the diagnostic performance of the HyS to other common CT findings in a cohort of haematology patients with proven, probable or possible IMD based on European Organization for Research and Treatment of Cancer/Mycoses Study Group criteria.

Methods:
We analysed the diagnostic performance of the HyS to other common CT signs among 127 neutropenic patients with haematological malignancies submitted to both non-contrast-enhanced and contrast-enhanced CT scans of the lungs, including CT pulmonary angiography.

Results:
The HyS was detected in 15.7% of patients imaged without contrast, and 44.1% after contrast administration. A contrast-aided HyS was detected in 86.6, 78.0 and 15.5% of patients with European Organization for Research and Treatment of Cancer/Mycoses Study Group proven, probable and possible IMD, respectively. When analysed per clinical diagnosis (proven, probable and highly possible IMD—i.e. no alternative diagnosis to mould disease reached), the contrast-enhanced HyS was as sensitive as the halo sign but significantly more specific [halo sign 0.56, 95% CI (0.39–0.71) vs HyS 0.98, 95% CI (0.87–1.00)]. Only the vessel occlusion sign was more sensitive [0.97, 95% CI (0.91–0.99)] and specific [0.97, 95% CI (0.86–0.99)] than the HyS for IMD diagnosis.

Conclusion:
The high specificity of the HyS strongly supports the diagnosis of pulmonary IMD in neutropenic patients, and is highly suggestive breakthrough fungal disease in patients on mould-active antifungal prophylaxis.

Advances in knowledge:
This is the first systematic analysis of the hypodense sign on contrast-enhanced CT; the sign can support the diagnosis of IMD when other CT signs are uncertain.
On Cathaya, living and fossil (Pinaceae)
Authors: Doweld Alexander B. 
Published: March 2018

AbstractThe confusing nomenclature of the distinctive conifer Cathaya is outlined and summarized. Cathaya was validated on fossil material by Karavaev in 1961 before its validation on the basis of extant plants in 1962 by Chun & Kuang. Fossil C. jacutica, based on cones from the Miocene sediments of Siberia, is transferred into Pseudotsuga. Fossil species of Cathaya, based on pollen, are transferred into Abietineaepollenites, which has priority as a fossil pollen genus over the later superfluous fossil generic names Cathayapollenites and Cathayapollis. Seven new combinations are made: Pseudotsuga jacutica, Abietineaepollenites crassus, A. echinatus, A. gaussenii, A. protocembra, A. sellowiiformis, A. semicircularis.
Potential cost-effectiveness of using a collagen-containing dressing in managing diabetic foot ulcers in the UK
Authors: Guest Julian F. , Singh Heenal , Vowden Peter 
Published: March 2018

Objective: To estimate whether a collagen-containing dressing could potentially afford the UK's National Health Service (NHS) a cost-effective intervention for the management of diabetic foot ulcers (DFUs). Method: A decision model depicting the management of a DFU was constructed and populated with a combination of published clinical outcomes, resource use estimates and utilities for DFUs. The model estimated the incremental cost-effectiveness of a collagen-containing dressing plus standard care compared with standard care alone over a period of four months in terms of the incremental cost per quality-adjusted life year (QALY) gained. Results: Treatment of DFUs of >6 months duration with a collagen-containing dressing plus standard care instead of standard care alone is expected to increase the probability of healing from 0.08 to 0.53 by four months and increase health-related quality of life at four months from 0.156 to 0.163 QALYs per patient. Additionally, treatment with a collagen-containing dressing has the potential to reduce management costs by 22% over four months when compared with standard care alone (from £2897 to £2255 per patient). Treatment of new DFUs with a collagen-containing dressing plus standard care instead of standard care alone was also found to improve outcomes for less cost. Conclusion: Within the study's limitations, use of a collagen-containing dressing plus standard care instead of standard care alone potentially affords the NHS a cost-effective (dominant) treatment for both non-healing and new DFUs, since it improves outcomes for less cost. Hence, protocols should be established which enable clinicians to effectively introduce collagen-containing dressings into care pathways and monitor response to treatment.
Effectiveness of a non-medicated wound dressing on attached and biofilm encased bacteria: laboratory and clinical evidence
Authors: Rippon Mark G. , Rogers Alan A. , Sellars Laura , Styles Kathryn M. , Westgate Samantha 
Published: March 2018

Objective: The objective of this study was to evaluate the ability of a non medicated, hydro-responsive wound dressing (HRWD) to effectively aid in the removal of bacteria known to reside (and cause infections) within the wound environment. Method: A series of in vitro studies were undertaken using Staphylococcus aureus and Pseudomonas aeruginosa biofilms to evaluate the capabilities of the HRWD to disrupt and disperse biofilms. Results: Biofilms can be broken up and dispersed by HRWD and both Staphylococcus aureus and Pseudomonas aeruginosa numbers can be reduced by a greater than log2 reduction in the presence of HRWD. However, no ‘active’ agents are released into the wound environment that have an antimicrobial effect. Conclusion: Overall, these studies have shown that this dressing acts as an effective debridement tool, and there are other ‘physical’ antimicrobial mechanisms impacting bacterial residence. These mechanisms include 1) breaking up and dispersal of biofilms so that the resultant planktonic bacteria are absorbed by the dressing and then 2) sequestered and retained (trapped) within its matrix. Additionally, when PHMB (polyhexamethylene biguanide) is bound within the dressing core but is not released into the wound environment there is the added antimicrobial effect resulting from 3) physical contact with this antiseptic component. Reducing the pathogenicity of the bacteria still further is the dressings ability to 4) absorb and sequester the damaging proteases released by pathogenic bacteria.
‘An altered view regarding the relationship between dreams and reality’: Magic, politics and the comics medium in Alan Moore and Jacen Burrow’s Providence
Authors: Green Matthew J. A. 
Published: March 2018

Abstract
Alan Moore reports that, through researching Providence, he ‘became more fully acquainted with academic literary criticism’ (Moore and Green 2016) and the extensive evidence of research throughout the series supports this claim. In this article, I argue that Providence uses the comics form to assert the value of humanities research and of the arts more broadly, and to educate its audience in reading and research practices (some of which are more providential than others). My focus is on the relationships between imagination and the historical realities of readers; while the latter are not detailed at length, the discussion does map onto the real world of Brexit, the aftermath of the 2016 US Presidential election and austerity politics because Moore’s underlying premise is that it is possible to trace the origins of our contemporary moment through the societal anxieties encoded in Lovecraft’s fiction. The analysis combines key concepts from adaptation studies with the theoretical model of the comics system proposed by Thierry Groensteen; moreover, it both draws upon and extends Brian McHale’s work on metafiction to suggest ways of extending Groensteen’s model in order to better understand the way in which Providence uses the comics medium to put into practice his hopes concerning the world-altering potential of art and scholarship.
Beware the living dead: The corpo-reality of comics
Authors: Helbig Tina 
Published: March 2018

Abstract
Half-buried skeletons, ripped-off body parts, rotting zombies, insects feasting on human flesh – these and other nightmarish scenarios, in which the healthy, living human body has been grotesquely deformed, forcefully violated or almost unrecognizably altered are well-known topoi in Gothic comics. Scenes like these depict Julia Kristeva’s understanding of the abject – something that (metaphorically, sometimes literally) threatens to chip and munch away the fragile border which we have erected to separate and defend ourselves from everything other, and which we desperately try to fend off. Yet, why do mere pictures as they are presented to us in comics have such a strong effect on us, given that they are not the ‘real thing’? W. J. T. Mitchell argues that ‘we are stuck with our magical, premodern attitudes towards [...] pictures’, and that we take them as ‘vital signs’, meaning ‘not merely signs for living things but signs as living things’ – or, in the case of some Gothic horror images, as deceased or undead things, which seem to be nevertheless quite ‘alive’ in their impact on the reader’s psyche. These deliberations, based on cultural observations, are supported by neuroscientific research on the processing of visual stimuli and are, for example, utilized by behavioural psychology. Even though comics are commonly defined as addressing only one physical sense, namely sight, I argue in this paper that particularly in the case of images of the uncanny and the abject, touch plays a decisive role as well. At the same time that we imagine to see the real thing, we also fear to touch the real thing. Thus, in comics, the fear of ‘death infecting life’ – to use Kristeva’s words – is heightened by the reader’s direct physical contact with the medium in which the abject is depicted. Uncannily, the border between the pictures and our own corporeality is transcended and thus the ability of comics as a medium to provoke abjection is enhanced.
Reviews
Authors: Marrone Daniel , Szép Eszter 
Published: March 2018

Abstract
The Greatest Comic Book of All Time: Symbolic Capital in the Field of American Comics, Bart Beaty and Benjamin Woo (2016) Palgrave Macmillan, 156 pp., ISBN: 9781137561961, h/bk, £37.99
Unflattening, Nick Sousanis (2015) Cambridge: Harvard University Press, 208 pp., ISBN: 9780674744431, p/bk, £18.95
Health beliefs and use of dietary supplements among teachers<p>Öğretmenlerin sağlık inanışları ve diyet suplemanı kullanma durumu
Authors: Yardımcı Hülya , Başpınar Büşra , Özçelik Ayşe Özfer 
Published: March 2018

This study was planned to determine the use of nutrition supplements, health beliefs, and knowledge about vitamin-minerals among teachers. The sampling of the study consisted of 282 volunteering teachers working in elementary schools in Ankara province. The questionnaire form consisted of four parts: general information, use of vitamin-minerals, questions about vitamin-minerals and health beliefs. The study findings were analyzed with SPSS software packet using suitable statistical methods. The sampling of the study involved 64 males(22.7%) and 212 females(77.3%). Forty one point five percent of the teachers stated that they used supplemental vitamins and minerals. It was found that the average vitamin-mineral related knowledge score of the participants was 14.3±2.6 and that the mean knowledge score of women was significantly higher than the average knowledge score of men (p<0.05). The mean belief score of the teachers was found to be 29.2±2.8, and it was determined that the mean belief score was statistically significant with respect to gender and age groups (p<0.05). It was found that supplement use of teachers was associated with health beliefs (p<0.01), chronic illness (p<0.01), and following the nutrition related magazine (p<0.05). It would be more appropriate to use dietary supplements if the healthcare staff recommends it when it is needed.Extended English summary is in the end of Full Text PDF (TURKISH) file. ÖzetBu çalışma öğretmenlerin beslenme desteği kullanma durumları, sağlık inanışları ile vitaminler ve mineraller hakkında bilgilerini belirlemek amacıyla planlanmıştır. Çalışma, Ankara'da çalışan 282 öğretmen üzerinde yürütülmüştür. Anket formu yardımıyla genel bilgileri, vitamin-mineral kullanımları, diyet suplemanları ile ilgili bilgi soruları ve sağlık inanışları değerlendirilmiştir. Elde edilen veriler SPSS paket programıyla değerlendirilmiştir. Çalışmaya katılan öğretmenlerin 218'i kadın (%77.3), 64'ü erkek olup (%22.7) ortalama yaş 37.1±7.6 yıldır. Öğretmenlerin %41.5'i (117 kişi) ek vitamin-mineral kullandığını belirtmiştir. Katılımcıların vitamin-minerallerle ilgili ortalama bilgi puanının 14.3±2.6 olduğu, kadınların ortalama bilgi puanlarının erkeklerin ortalama bilgi puanlarına göre anlamlı olarak daha yüksek olduğu belirlenmiştir (p<0.05). Öğretmenlerin ortalama sağlık inanış puanı 29.2±2.8 olup, cinsiyete ve yaş gruplarına göre alınan ortalama inanış puanının istatistiksel olarak anlamlı olduğu belirlenmiştir (p<0.05). Öğretmenlerin supleman kullanımının sağlık inanışı (p<0.01), kronik hastalık (p<0.01), beslenme ile ilgili haberleri takip etme (p<0.05) ile ilişkili olduğu belirlenmiştir. Diyet suplemanlarının sağlık personelinin gerekli gördüğü zaman önermesi durumunda kullanılması daha uygun olacaktır.
The effects of zinc and melatonin on muscle ischaemi-reperfusion injury in rat
Authors: Celer Mehmet , Mogulkoc Rasim , Baltaci Abdulkerim Kasim , Dasdelen Dervis 
Published: March 2018

Ischemia-reperfusion leads to damage in cell or tissue due to insufficient blood flow. The aim of present study was to determine the effect of zinc, melatonin and zinc + melatonin supplementations during 3 weeks on muscle tissue and plasma MDA and GSH levels. This study was performed on 38 male Wistar-Albino rats. Experiments groups were designed as sham-control, ischemia-reperfusion (I/R), zinc + I/R, melatonin + I/R and zinc + melatonin + I/R Ischemia-reperfusion was induced by left femoral artery occlusion (1 hour) and reopening (1 hour). At the end of experiments tissue and blood samples were analysed for MDA and GSH. MDA levels were increased, GSH levels decreased in I/R groups. However, zinc and melatonin supplementation inhibited MDA and increased GSH levels in I/R groups. The results of present study show that increased lipid peroxidation in muscle tissue by ischemia-reperfusion may be prevented by zinc and melatonin or zinc plus melatonin supplementation.
La memoria como eje de cambio social en la escuela
Authors: Valencia Murillo Angélica María 
Published: March 2018

Este artículo de revisión corresponde a la definición y relación que existe entre memoria e historia, contemplando los postulados de varios autores que comprenden los lugares en los que se ha inscrito la memoria y el reconocimiento de las características de la memoria individual y colectiva. La memoria ha sido un eje de trabajo que propende por el cambio social y la construcción de la memoria histórica, así como a la apropiación conceptual y pragmática de una historia de las memorias, pues es necesario que la educación dignifique identidades y afiance esfuerzos de conocimiento sobre los reales acontecimientos que han trascurrido a lo largo de la historia.
Presentación
Authors: Litwin Edith 
Published: March 2018

El nuevo número que hoy presentamos está dedicado a cuestiones acerca de la tecnología y la educación. Es indudable el impacto que las nuevas tecnologías tienen en los procesos del conocer, el pensar y en los diseños de las instituciones que desarrollan propuestas de enseñanza. Son diversas las investigaciones que muestran este impacto y evidencian cómo los proyectos de educación se han visto reformulados en todo el mundo, por la incorporación de las tecnologías. No se trata del desarrollo de los sistemas de educación a distancia, sino también de las propuestas de la educación presencial. El acceso a la información resulta, por ejemplo, una problemática crucial cuando de conocimientos se trata. La posibilidad de acceder a fuentes impensables, ha introducido el debate en torno a las condiciones y criterios de acceso, credibilidad, pertinencia. Cuestiones políticas se entrelazan con las sociales y cognitivas y generan un debate del mayor interés en este nuevo siglo.
Proyecto de innovación: implementación de un sistema de capacitación virtual
Authors: Méndez Eduardo 
Published: March 2018

El artículo presenta la implementación y el desarrollo de un sistema de capacitación corporativa a distancia a través de ambientes virtuales. Se trata de una propuesta de innovación inserta en un importante organismo estatal uruguayo. Ésta implica un significativo cambio de estrategias en la capacitación institucional determinando importantes desafíos a nivel de cultura y cambio organizacional. Se describe la realidad actual de la organización, lo cual permite la comprensión necesaria del ámbito para el cual se diseñó la innovación. En este marco, se fundamenta la relevancia de las acciones propuestas y la metodología empleada. El marco conceptual se construye a partir de diversas áreas disciplinares recibiendo aportes desde la concepción de innovación, la didáctica, el aprendizaje, la educación a distancia y la tecnología educativa. En la metodología se desarrolla el componente de innovación, planteando un segundo componente de investigación a nivel de diseño; éste será incorporado como un factor de evaluación de la innovación en una etapa posterior. Finalmente se describe el estado actual del proyecto, incluyendo los productos ya desarrollados y entregados, así como los pasos a seguir en las siguientes etapas.
Using ensemble systems to study natural processes
Authors: Yamashkin Stanislav , Radovanovic Milan , Yamashkin Anatoliy , Vukovic Darko 
Published: March 2018

Abstract
Increasing accuracy of the data analysis of remote sensing of the Earth significantly affects the quality of decisions taken in the field of environmental management. The article describes the methodology for decoding multispectral space images based on the ensemble learning concept, which can effectively solve important problems of geosystems mapping, including diagnostics of the structure and condition of catchment basins, inventory of water bodies and assessment of their ecological state, study of channel processes; monitoring and forecasting of functioning, dynamics and development of geotechnical systems. The developed methodology is based on an algorithm for analyzing the structure of geosystems using ensemble systems based on a fundamentally new organization of the metaclassifier that allows for a weighted decision based on the efficiency matrix, which is characterized by an increase in accuracy of the decoding of space images and resistance to errors. The metaclassification training algorithm based on the method of weighted voting of monoclassifiers is proposed, in which the weights are calculated on the basis of error matrix metrics. The methodology was tested at the test site ‘Inerka’. The performed experiments confirmed that the use of ensemble systems increases the final accuracy, objectivity, and reliability of the analysis.
Hydrological responses and adaptive potential of cascaded reservoirs under climate change in Yuan River Basin
Authors: Guo Yuxue , Fang Guohua , Wen Xin , Lei Xiaohui , Yuan Yu , Fu Xiaoying 
Published: March 2018

AbstractThe ongoing cascading hydropower exploitation in southwestern China has been the subject of debate and conflict in recent years. This study aims to assess the climate change impacts on the hydropower system of Yuan River and to quantify the future potential in operation optimization of Gasa-Madushan (GS-MDS) Reservoir system. The Community Climate System Model version 4 (CCSM4) projections are bias-corrected and downscaled to drive the Soil and Water Assessment Tool hydrological model, aiming to predict the climate and runoff changes for the future. Then, an adaptive operation chart model of cascaded reservoirs is established to balance hydropower generation and ecological requirements under climate change. In the future, the decadal average temperature and annual average precipitation will possibly increase by 0.80–2.22 °C and 2.56–4.65%, respectively; the monthly average runoff may increase by 6.89%, 6.17%, and 18.26% for GS Reservoir Basin, and by 8.89%, 8.14%, and 23.14% for MDS Reservoir Basin under Representative Concentration Pathways (RCPs) 2.6, 4.5, and 8.5, respectively. The adaptive operation chart results in a reduction of 52.66–70.77% in the total water shortage at a cost of 2.09–4.54% decrease in total power generation of the GS-MDS cascaded hydropower system compared to that of non-adaptive operation chart.
Capacity Building for Agricultural Biotechnology in Developing Countries
Authors: Lee Hyejin 
Published: March 2018

Introduction:Agricultural biotechnology holds a unique position in formulating food and trade policies due to its conflicting aspects: its potential to improve food security especially in developing countries, and the intense debates over its risks and unknown impacts on human health and the environment. Agricultural biotechnology, nevertheless, has been widely utilized to help enhance food security with its extensive applications.Explanation:The technology is knowledge-resource intensive, therefore reinforcing a gap between developed and developing countries. One of the critical determinants of availability and accessibility of the technology is a developing country’s own capacity. Developing countries that wish to benefit the technology should build sufficient capacity. The current study intends to review the concepts of capacity building in agricultural biotechnology, and identify areas frequently considered in need of capacity building; coordinating partnerships, making financial commitment, setting priorities, establishing a regulatory system, and building public awareness.Conclusion:While each area has its own territory, they juxtapose on one another to some extends, which can act as a virtuous or vicious cycle to facilitate or obstruct capacity building. Programs for successful capacity building in agricultural biotechnology should consider this nature.
Corrosion Behavior of 3% Cr Casing Steel in CO2-Containing Environment: A Case Study
Authors: Xu Lin , Xu Jie , Xu Ming-biao , Li Si-yang , Liu Shuai , Huang Yue , You Fu-chang 
Published: March 2018

Introduction:The production casing of 3% Cr steel has encountered severe internal corrosion in Huizhou Oilfield. To disclose corrosion behavior of inner casing, a series of corrosion exposure tests were systematically conducted on 3% Cr coupons in terms of in-field conditions.Material and Methods:Influence of exposure time, temperature, and water-cut on the CO2corrosion of 3% Cr steel was investigated, and analyses on weight loss, composition and morphology of corrosion product, and Tafel polarization curves were further carried out.Result:The results showed that the corrosion rate of 3% Cr steel increased with increasing temperature, but such trend descended when the temperature exceeded 65°C due to formation of an compact and adherent corrosion product film on the surface of 3% Cr coupons. While varying exposure time from 7 days to 14 days, the corrosion rate decreased, and the Cr and O enrichment was determined in the corrosion products. The corrosion rate of 3% Cr steel increased with a continuous increment of water-cuts, especially when the water-cut was larger than 40%.Conclusion:The localized corrosion can happen at the lower water-cut due to the presence of amorphous films. The main corrosion products were FeCO3, Cr5O12, Fe2O3, and Fe-Cr. Entry of CO2to the simulated formation water caused an increase in the anodic Tafel slope, and accelerated dissolution of 3% Cr steel.