bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Contrasting responses of soil organic and inorganic carbon pools under plant invasion in tropical coral islands
Authors: Li Tengteng , Yan Biyue , Cai Hongyue , Mou Zhijian , Kuang Luhui , Zhang Jing , Wu Wenjia , Li Yue , Wang Jun , Lu Hongfang , Jian Shuguang , Ren Hai , Liu Zhanfeng 
Published: November 2024

AbstractPlant invasions pose significant threats to biodiversity and ecosystem functioning, but their impact on soil carbon (C) pools in island ecosystems remains underexplored. This study examined the responses of soil total C (TC), organic C (SOC), inorganic C (SIC), and microbial‐derived C (i.e., amino sugars (ASs) and glomalin‐related soil proteins (GRSP)) in tropical island forests invaded by Cassytha filiformis, Eupatorium odoratum, and Wedelia biflora. Results revealed that invasions substantially reduced aboveground and belowground biomasses of local plant communities with increasing invasion degree, yet the soil TC pool size remained nearly unaffected due to increased SIC offsetting decreased SOC. The effects on soil C pools depended on the invasive species and sampling season. E. odoratum and W. biflora invasions significantly reduced microbial‐derived C concentrations (ASs and GRSP) but increased their contribution to the SOC pool during the wet season, whereas C. filiformis invasion reduced microbial‐derived C only in the dry season. The study highlights the tradeoff between SOC and SIC in regulating soil C pools and emphasizes the need for context‐specific management strategies. Despite the stable soil TC pool, the loss of SOC's multifunctional benefits necessitates targeted strategies to mitigate invasions' adverse effects on ecosystem health and carbon storage.
The Role of Carbon Trading in Enhancing Enterprise Green Productivity and ESG Performance: A Quasi‐Natural Evidence From China
Authors: Hongbin Ying , Hongmei Yang , Cifuentes‐Faura Javier , Rauf Abdur 
Published: November 2024

ABSTRACTThe carbon emission trading system (CETS) efficiency in increasing enterprise green productivity is attracting significant interest. This study proposes implementing a carbon‐emissions pricing system in China, viewing it as a quasi‐natural experiment. It investigates the aforementioned prone from a corporate green total factor productivity (GTFP) perspective. This article uses a sample of A‐share listed businesses from 2005 to 2021 from the Shenzhen and Shanghai exchanges. The research confirms that the CETS enhances the GTFP. Furthermore, the CETS has a threshold effect on enterprise green total factor productivity determined by carbon market efficiency. It also reveals that green innovation and resource allocation efficiency mediate the CETS‐GTFP link. Further analysis shows that the CETS promotes GTFP more when firms are more diversified, state‐owned, and have lower Environmental, Social and Governance (ESG) ratings. This article highlights the microeconomic implications of the carbon emission pricing system, which can help construct a national carbon market and enhance green development initiatives.
Exploring How Parasocial Intergroup Contact With Transgender Influencers on TikTok Reduces Transgender Conspiracy Beliefs
Authors: Jolley Daniel , Paterson Jenny L. , Deric Dona , Lovato Talayah , McCarthy Jemma 
Published: November 2024

ABSTRACTAs harmful conspiracy beliefs against transgender people are becoming increasingly popular, three experiments examined how cisgender people's contact with transgender individuals might reduce these beliefs. In Study 1a (N = 222), positive parasocial contact with transgender creators on TikTok (vs. no contact) was found to increase perspective‐taking, which was associated with lower transgender conspiracy beliefs when controlling for frequency of contact and prejudice. Study 1b (N = 302) replicated this effect when controlling for frequency of contact. Study 2 (N = 220) aimed to manipulate perspective‐taking. Contrary to predictions, asking participants to actively perspective‐take (vs. no perspective‐taking) did not increase perspective‐taking (manipulation check) or reduce conspiracy beliefs. However, as all the studies measured participants’ frequency of positive and negative contact with transgender people, we pooled the data to explore whether these forms of contact were also linked with perspective‐taking and conspiracy beliefs (combined N = 743). A positive relationship between frequency of positive contact with transgender people and perspective‐taking was found, which was then associated with lower transgender conspiracy beliefs when controlling for prejudice and experimental conditions. Our findings underscore the potential of positive contact, including via TikTok, to foster perspective‐taking, which may mitigate conspiracy beliefs against transgender people.
Young Adult Resilience for Recovery From Substance Addiction in Assam, India: Lived Experience Insights From a Photo‐Led Interview Study
Authors: Graber Rebecca , Duara Raginie , Goswami Sangeeta , Hugh‐Jones Siobhan , Chowdhury Diptarup , Madill Anna 
Published: November 2024

ABSTRACTSubstance addiction can be considered a form of social injustice grounded in interactions between individual, family and community‐level risk factors. Although prevention and treatment of substance use disorder is a key target of the United Nations sustainable development goal Good Health and Well‐Being, many low‐and‐middle‐income countries lack a culturally validated approach for its management. We contend that a resilience approach may provide a sound basis from which to develop such an approach in non‐western, low‐resource settings. Hence, the aim of this study is to identify factors supporting resilience for recovery from substance addiction in the lived experience of young adults in Assam, India. We used photo‐led interviews to centre the lived experience of young adult addicts‐in‐recovery (11 men, 5 women; 19–24 years) recruited through two rehabilitation services and their networks. Reflexive thematic analysis of the data produced three clusters of themes: (i) precursors to recovery; (ii) repairing relationships; and, (iii) structuring a life of recovery. Findings are discussed and potential areas for intervention are identified to support a multi‐level, culturally informed, community‐driven approach to recovery from substance addiction.
Cutaneous Wound‐Healing Activity of Quercetin‐Functionalized Bimetallic Nanoparticles
Authors: Yadav Ekta , Neupane Netra Prasad , Otuechere Chiagoziem A. , Yadav Jagat Pal , Bhat Mashooq A. , Al‐Omar Mohamed A. , Yadav Pankajkumar , Verma Amita 
Published: November 2024

ABSTRACTQuercetin, a natural flavonol, is reported to have significant antioxidant and anti‐inflammatory activity, which further aids in its good wound‐healing properties via acting on acute as well as chronic inflammatory phases. The current study is focused on understanding the potential of the green‐synthesized iron and zinc oxide bimetallic (i.e., zinc ferrite) nanoparticles of quercetin (ZFQNP) on wound healing by an in vivo study model. Bimetallic quercetin nanoparticles were prepared by the co‐precipitation method and characterized by UV–visible spectroscopy, scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and dynamic light scattering (DLS) analyses. Synthesized ZFQNP was utilized to prepare the ointment for topical application, and wound‐healing activity was evaluated by using the excisional wound method in Wistar rats. The binding affinity of quercetin was ascertained against various wound‐healing protein targets by molecular docking. Characterization data confirmed the synthesis of bimetallic ZFQNP of an irregular shape. Molecular docking studies showed satisfactory binding potential of quercetin with selected molecular targets. The study results of various parameters corroborated the significant wound‐healing properties of ZFQNP, possibly attributed to the promising binding potential of quercetin with vital wound‐healing targets. The study demonstrated that the quercetin bimetallic nanoparticles could provide a promising wound‐healing effect.
A Spontaneous Arterial Venous Fistula in a Patient on Hemodialysis: Case Report
Authors: Alemu Getasew Kassaw , Ejigu Addisu Melkie , Kassa Beniam Yohannes 
Published: November 2024

ABSTRACTArteriovenous fistula is an abnormal connection between arteries and veins occurring usually following surgery, trauma, catheterization, or local procedures. Spontaneous arteriovenous fistulas are a rare clinical entity with very few cases reported in the literature with unclear mechanisms. We present a case report of a 54‐year‐old Ethiopian female with known chronic kidney disease on hemodialysis for 2 years thrice a week who presented with progressive pulsatile right thigh mass of 7 months duration in the absence of trauma, catheter insertion previously, or surgery. The arteriovenous fistula was confirmed by computed tomography angiography and it was intervened with open surgery with no complication.
Steroid‐Induced Psychosis in a Child With Nephrotic Syndrome Secondary to Focal Segmental Glomerulosclerosis: A Case Report
Authors: Pokharel Sushan , Bhusal Amrit , Bhattarai Himal Bikram , Yogi Tek Nath , Bhandari Prabha , Pandit Deepti 
Published: November 2024

ABSTRACTCorticosteroid‐induced psychosis is rare and less reported in children compared to adults. However, psychosis is considered a severe adverse effect of corticosteroids in pediatric nephrotic syndrome. Steroid‐induced psychosis is dose‐dependent and should be treated by tapering the dose of steroids and usually initiating an atypical antipsychotic. A 13‐year‐old male child presented to the pediatrics outpatient department with complaints of anxiety, fearfulness, and seeing images of an old man crawling into his room and threatening to strangle him with a red rope, which led to decreased sleep. He was initiated on oral prednisolone 3 weeks ago after being diagnosed with nephrotic syndrome. A diagnosis of steroid‐induced psychosis was made, and he was tapered on steroids over 6 weeks. He was then initiated on tacrolimus, quetiapine, and lorazepam and was discharged after a week. At follow‐up in 4 weeks, his psychosis had resolved, and nephrotic syndrome was found to improve. Children on steroids should be closely monitored for psychotic symptoms over a prolonged duration. Although tapering the dose of steroids is the gold standard treatment of steroid‐induced psychosis, cases like nephrotic syndrome demand the continuous use of an immunosuppressant. In such cases, tacrolimus has been found to be an effective alternative, although continuous monitoring for nephrotoxicity is necessary. Similarly, atypical antipsychotics (like quetiapine) are preferred for psychosis because of their lesser risk for extrapyramidal side effects compared to typicals. Parental counseling and informed consent are utmost for children on steroids or tacrolimus.
Moyamoya Disease and Carotid Web in a Young Adult With Ischemic Stroke: A Case Report
Authors: Zhuang Sheng , Xu Jiaping , Cao Yongjun , Shi Jijun 
Published: November 2024

ABSTRACTA rare case of ischemic stroke in a young adult demonstrating coexistence of moyamoya disease and carotid web in angiography was reported. Early recognition and prompt intervention should be stressed in individuals with cryptogenic stroke.
Role of Interfacial Potential Drops on Redox‐Couple Dependent Voltages Using Hybridized Si(111)–(Bis)Anthracene Photoelectrodes
Authors: Jin Kim Hark , Rose Michael J. 
Published: November 2024

AbstractWe investigate the flat band voltage (VFB) of silicon (Si) surfaces functionalized with methyl (Me), 9‐anthracene (Anth), 1,8‐anthracene (DiAnth; two attachment points), and 9‐bianthracene (BiAnth) on n‐type and p‐type Si substrates. Flat band potential (EFB, by Mott‐Schottky) provided VFB (or VBI) dependent on the contacted redox couple (ERedox). On p‐type Si, VFB increased linearly until a limiting value was reached; similarly, the n‐type Si VFB decreased linearly until it plateaued at more negative potentials. Notably, the slope of VFB depended on the surface modifier, exhibiting opposite trends for p‐type and n‐type Si. Curiously, anthracene‐functionalized p‐Si exhibited an unexpectedly more shallow (and beneficial) slope than ‐methyl, attributed to the polarizability of the anthracene π electron cloud and a potential drop across the molecular interface. On n‐type Si, anthracene‐functionalized surfaces displayed a higher slope than ‐methyl, suggesting a gradual cancellation of the voltage shift effect due to a fixed surface dipole. We also quantified the interfacial potential drop across p‐Si–Anth as 275 mV using variable frequency (10 kHz vs 1 kHz) Mott‐Schottky analysis. The interfacial potential drop and dipoles that result from molecular functionalization are thus critical design parameters for PEC cells that utilize moderate‐potential redox couples or reactions; however, such effects are negligible with redox couples that reside at or beyond the semiconductor band‐edge.
New railway Dresden–Prague: Ore Mountains tunnel—Preliminary design using BIM
Authors: Stöckl Christian , Hanz Stefan , Hammer Anna‐Lena , Sabata Roman , Lenz Gerold 
Published: November 2024

AbstractThe Dresden–Prague railway line is an important part of the core TEN‐T Orient/Eastern Mediterranean corridor and a major link between Germany and the Czech Republic. The aim of the project is to reduce journey times for international passenger trains and increase capacity for freight trains. At the same time, it will extend the railway network in Central Europe and develop high‐speed transport in the Czech Republic. The project will also provide a flood‐safe alternative to the Elbe Valley, encouraging a modal shift from road to rail. The core element of this project is the cross‐border base tunnel under the Ore Mountains. During the preliminary design, two basic alternatives (“full tunnel” and “partial tunnel”) are being examined. It was announced on November 20, 2023, that the preferred option for the new Dresden–Prague line is the “full tunnel” alternative. For this reason, the article focuses mainly on the technical solutions for the Ore Mountain Tunnel of the “full tunnel” alternative. The BIM methodology was a key element in the preliminary design phase. The model was to be used as the main source of information in the design process and in the development of solutions. It also allowed detailed decisions to be made at an early stage.
Evaluating the feasibility of using a rapeseed oil‐derived anionic polymeric surfactant for enhanced oil recovery from carbonate/sandstone composite reservoirs
Authors: Nowrouzi Iman , Mohammadi Amir H. , Khaksar Manshad Abbas 
Published: November 2024

AbstractThis study aims to investigate enhanced oil recovery from carbonate/sandstone composite (CSC) reservoirs using a negative‐charged rapeseed oil‐based polymeric surfactant. The polymeric surfactant was first synthesized and characterized. Temperature stability and salt tolerance were then measured. The experiments of interfacial tension (IFT), viscosity, contact angle, and injection of chemical slugs into the CSC plugs were performed. Based on the results, the surfactant remained stable at reservoir temperature and salinity up to 90,000 ppm, and increased viscosity to optimal levels at the critical micelle concentration (CMC) of 4000 ppm and higher. At concentrations ≥3000 ppm, it exhibited non‐Newtonian behaviour, and the IFT was significantly reduced to 62 × 10−3 mN/m at CMC and 21 × 10−3 mN/m at optimum salinity and alkalinity. It also altered the wettability of the rock, reducing the contact angle to 56.29° at CMC. After injecting the polymeric surfactant into a rock plug, oil recovery increased by 26.5%, and water‐cut was minimized to 20%.
Fast and cool: “Cold Synthesis” of the agent paracetamol in chemistry lesson
Authors: Diekemper Dominik , Hennings Helge 
Published: November 2024

AbstractSchmerzmittel (Analgetika) begegnen Lernenden vielfach im Alltag, sodass nunmehr einige Bundesländer diese und andere pharmazeutische Themen in ihren Lehr‐ und Bildungsplänen für das Fach Chemie vorsehen. Das hier vorgestellte Experiment ermöglicht die einfache und sicherheitskonforme Synthese des Schmerzmittels Paracetamol im Chemieunterricht. Paracetamol, eines der prominentesten Schmerzmittel, wird in einem geschlossenen System mit minimalem apparativem Aufwand synthetisiert und das Syntheseprodukt mit den Lernenden auf Reinheit mittels Schmelzpunktbestimmung untersucht.
The incidence of pancreatic cancer in women with a BRCA1 or BRCA2 mutation
Authors: Katona Bryson W. , Lubinski Jan , Pal Tuya , Huzarski Tomasz , Foulkes William D. , Moller Pal , Eisen Andrea , Randall Armel Susan , Neuhausen Susan L. , Raj Rebecca , Aeilts Amber , Singer Christian F. , Bordeleau Louise , Karlan Beth , Olopade Olufunmilayo , Tung Nadine , Zakalik Dana , Kotsopoulos Joanne , Fruscio Robert , Eng Charis , Sun Ping , Narod Steven A. ,   the Hereditary Breast Cancer Clinical Study Group
Published: November 2024

AbstractBackgroundThe lifetime risk of pancreatic cancer in women with a germline mutation in BRCA1 and BRCA2 is not well established. In an international prospective cohort of female carriers of BRCA1 and BRCA2 mutations, the cumulative incidence of pancreatic cancer from age 40 until 80 years was estimated.MethodsA total of 8295 women with a BRCA1 or BRCA2 mutation were followed for new cases of pancreatic cancer. Subjects were followed from the date of baseline questionnaire or age 40 years (whichever came last) until a new diagnosis of pancreatic cancer, death from another cause, or date of last follow‐up.ResultsThirty‐four incident pancreatic cancer cases were identified in the cohort. The annual risk of pancreatic cancer between age 40 and 80 years was 0.04% for BRCA1 carriers and 0.09% for BRCA2 carriers. Via the Kaplan–Meier method, the cumulative incidence from age 40 to 80 years was 2.2% (95% CI, 1.1%–4.3%) for BRCA1 carriers and 2.7% (95% CI, 1.3%–5.4%) for BRCA2 carriers. Only two of the 34 cases reported a first‐degree relative with pancreatic cancer (hazard ratio, 4.75; 95% CI, 1.13–19.9; p = .03). Risk factors for pancreatic cancer included alcohol intake and a history of diabetes. The 5‐year survival rate for the 34 cases was 8.8%.ConclusionsThe lifetime risk of pancreatic cancer is approximately 2% in women with a BRCA1 mutation and 3% for women with a BRCA2 mutation. The poor survival in hereditary pancreatic cancer underscores the need for novel antitumoral strategies.
Nuclear Expression of Dynamin 2 Is Associated With Tumor Aggressiveness in Bladder Cancer Patients: A Bioinformatics and Experimental Approach
Authors: Razmi Mahdieh , Saeednejad Zanjani Leili , Rahimi Mandana , Sajed Roya , Safaei Sadegh , Madjd Zahra , Ghods Roya 
Published: November 2024

ABSTRACTBackgroundDynamin 2 (DNM2) is aberrantly expressed in different malignancies and exerts a function in tumor progression.AimsThis study, for the first time, aimed to evaluate the clinical and prognostic value of DNM2 in the pathophysiology of bladder cancer using bioinformatics analysis and experimental evaluation.Methods and ResultsWe analyzed gene expression of DNM2 in bladder tumor by GEPIA2 and GENT2 platforms. Cluster subnetworks were recognized from the protein–protein interaction (PPI) network using the MCODE plugin to screen the key genes. Subsequently, the pathway enrichment analysis was evaluated. Then, the immunohistochemical examination was conducted on 209 paraffin‐embedded bladder cancer samples to determine the expression pattern and clinical importance of DNM2. Our data mining findings demonstrated dysregulation of DNM2 gene expression in bladder cancer. The results of pathway and PPI network analyses indicated that DNM2 might be involved in the development of bladder cancer by influencing various signaling pathways. Our IHC results represented remarkably higher DNM2 expression in bladder tumor samples compared to normal tissue samples adjacent to tumor. A statistically significant association was identified between DNM2 expression in the nucleus and higher histological grade (p = 0.026), advanced pT stage (p = 0.016), muscular invasion (p = 0.007), tumor recurrence (p = 0.030), and distant metastasis (p < 0.001). Moreover, the nuclear DNM2 expression was observed to have prognostic significance for disease‐specific survival (DSS) using a log‐rank test (p = 0.028).ConclusionThese findings suggest that nuclear DNM2 expression could be a putative indicator of bladder tumor progression owing to its association with elevated cancer aggressiveness.
Choice of activation protocol impacts the yield and quality of CAR T cell product, particularly with older individuals
Authors: Mehta Palak H , Trollope Gemma S , Leung Patrick , Chinni Shivali Savita , Iasinskaia Anna , Harrison Aaron J , Hughes‐Parry Hannah , Jenkins Misty R , Kershaw Michael H , Jaworowski Anthony , Slaney Clare Y , Koldej Rachel M , Ritchie David S , Quinn Kylie M 
Published: November 2024

AbstractObjectivesIn clinical chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) T cell therapy, one of the strongest correlates of favorable patient responses is lower levels of differentiation in T cells from the peripheral blood mononuclear cell (PBMC) starting material or the CAR T cell product. T cells from older patients are inherently more differentiated, but we hypothesised that specific activation protocols could be used to limit CAR T cell differentiation during manufacturing, particularly in older patients.MethodsWe used PBMCs from young (20–30 years old) and older (60+ years old) healthy donors to generate CAR T cells using two activation protocols: soluble anti‐(α) CD3 monoclonal antibody (mAb) vs immune complexes of αCD3 and αCD28 mAbs. Products were assessed for yield, function and differentiation, which was used as a measure of CAR T cell quality. T cells in PBMCs were assessed for CD28 expression and correlative analyses were performed.ResultsOlder samples generated fewer, more differentiated CAR T cells than young samples, and the αCD3/CD28 mAb protocol exacerbated this, further reducing yield and quality. CD28 expression by T cells correlated with CAR T cell differentiation, but T cell differentiation in PBMC starting material was a stronger correlate of CAR T cell differentiation.ConclusionsChoice of activation protocol can substantially impact on the yield and quality of CAR T cells during manufacturing. This is a key consideration for older patients whose samples already generate a poorer yield and lower quality of CAR T cells.