bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
How Politics Shapes State Identities in the US
Authors: Schildkraut Deborah 
Published: October 2024

AbstractThe increasing nationalization of state and local politics alongside polarization and gridlock at the federal level have led states to become sites where policymaking on national hot button issues occurs. This political climate calls for a reconsideration of existing accounts of state identities, which posit that state identities are generally weak and apolitical in their content. This study considers the following questions: To what extent do respondents identify with their state? How does their state identity compare with other politically salient groups, like national identity, partisanship, race, and gender? To what extent and under what conditions are political considerations associated with state identities? How do results compare across different measures of state identification? Results show that a majority of respondents say that being from their state is an important part of their identity and the proportion saying so is similar to the proportion saying their race, class, and political party are important. Although politics may not come to mind first when respondents consider why their state is important, it relates to general feelings of connectedness, particularly for people in the political majority in their state, and being in the political majority is associated with increased levels of state identification. Results are similar across different measures of state identity. Closed- and open-ended questions show politics emerges most clearly when people explain why their state is not important to their identity. I discuss the implications of these findings and offer thoughts for future research.
Cereal rye cover crop termination management for Palmer amaranth (Amaranthus palmeri) suppression in soybean
Authors: Sias Cynthia , Bamber Kevin W. , Flessner Michael L. 
Published: October 2024

Abstract
Palmer amaranth is a troublesome weed species displaying the ability to adapt and evolve resistance to multiple herbicide modes of action, and additional weed suppression tactics are needed. Growing interest in the use of cover crops (CCs) has led to questions regarding the most appropriate forms of CC management prior to cash crop planting in order to maximize weed suppression benefits. Experiments were conducted between 2021 to 2023 to test 1) cover crop termination timing (i.e., green or brown); 2) CC biomass amount; and 3) CC termination method (i.e., rolled or left standing) on Palmer amaranth suppression. Treatments included “planting brown” (cereal rye terminated 2 wk before soybean planting), “planting green” (cereal rye terminated at soybean planting), and a no-CC (winter fallow) check. Palmer amaranth emergence was evaluated at 4 and 6 wk after soybean planting, and yield was calculated at harvest. Palmer amaranth emergence was reduced when a CC was planted compared with the no-CC check, and more suppression was observed as CC biomass increased. This decrease in emergence is potentially due to a decrease in light reaching the soil surface and physical suppression as CC biomass increased. Yield, however, was unaffected by any CC management practice, indicating that growers can tailor CC termination practices for weed suppression. This information will provide better recommendations for farmers interested in using CCs for weed suppression. Overall, the importance of CC biomass accumulation to achieve weed suppression is highlighted in our findings. Additionally, we add to the growing body of documentation that soybean yield may be variable from year to year as a result of CC presence.
Unveiling the Urban Impact on Mesoscale Convective System Rainfall in the Pearl River Delta Urban Agglomeration Under Typical Synoptic Backgrounds
Authors: Du Xinguan , Chen Haishan , Luo Yali , Li Qingqing , Feng Zhe , Leung L. Ruby 
Published: October 2024

AbstractMesoscale convective systems (MCSs), the primary drivers of extreme rainfall over the Pearl River Delta (PRD) urban agglomeration, are strongly influenced by synoptic circulations and local geographical environments, including water bodies and topography. However, the urban impact on MCS rainfall under various synoptic backgrounds remain inadequately understood. Using a 20‐year high‐resolution MCS tracking database and self‐organizing map clustering, three typical backgrounds for MCSs, namely weak monsoon‐like, strong monsoon‐like, and low‐pressure system (Types‐1 to 3), impacting the PRD are identified. These backgrounds exhibit pronounced disparities in MCS tracks and temporal variations as well as rainfall distributions. Urban heat island (UHI) significantly alters the spatial patterns under Types‐1 and 2. Specifically, under weak UHI condition, MCS rainfall typically occurs offshore in the morning and shifts inland in the afternoon driven by the land‐sea breeze. However, UHI modifies the low‐level thermal structure, leading to anomalous convergence and instability, which causes morning rainfall to concentrate near coastal cities, while afternoon rainfall expands further inland to the northern rural region. Additionally, the strong southwesterly winds associated with Type‐2 enhance the interaction between topography and urban impact, resulting in even higher rainfall anomalies (+28.9%) over the northeastern region. The findings highlight the crucial role of urban impact and their synergistic effect with synoptic backgrounds and other land surface processes on MCSs.
Assessment of Landscape‐Scale Fluxes of Carbon Dioxide and Methane in Subtropical Coastal Wetlands of South Florida
Authors: Delaria Erin R. , Wolfe Glenn M. , Blanock Kaitlyn , Hannun Reem , Thornhill Kenneth Lee , Newman Paul A. , Lait Leslie R. , Kawa S. Randy , Alvarez Jessica , Blum Spencer , Castañeda‐Moya Edward , Holmes Christopher , Lagomasino David , Malone Sparkle , Murphy Dylan , Overbauer Steven F. , Pruett Chandler , Serre Aaron , Starr Gregory , Szot Robert , Troxler Tiffany , Yannick David , Poulter Benjamin 
Published: October 2024

AbstractCoastal wetlands play a significant role in the storage of “blue carbon,” indicating their importance in the carbon biogeochemistry in the coastal zone and in global climate change mitigation strategies. We present airborne eddy covariance observations of CO2 and CH4 fluxes collected in southern Florida as part of the NASA BlueFlux mission during April 2022, October 2022, February 2023, and April 2023. The flux data generated from this mission consists of over 100 flight hours and more than 6,000 km of horizontal distance over coastal saline and freshwater wetlands. We find that the spatial and temporal heterogeneity in CO2 and CH4 exchange is primarily influenced by season, vegetation type, ecosystem productivity, and soil inundation. The largest CO2 uptake fluxes of more than 20 μmol m−2 s−1 were observed over mangroves during all deployments and over swamp forests during flights in April. The greatest CH4 effluxes of more than 250 nmol m−2 s−1 were measured at the end of the wet season in October 2022 over freshwater marshes and swamp shrublands. Although the combined Everglades National Park and Big Cypress National Preserve region was a net sink for carbon, CH4 emissions reduced the ecosystem carbon uptake capacity (net CO2 exchange rates) by 11%–91%. Average total net carbon exchange rates during the flight periods were −4 to −0.2 g CO2‐eq m−2 d−1. Our results highlight the importance of preserving mangrove forests and point to potential avenues of further research for greenhouse gas mitigation strategies.
Peripheral innate immunophenotype in neurodegenerative disease: blood-based profiles and links to survival
Authors: Strauss Alexandra , Swann Peter , Kigar Stacey L. , Christou Rafailia , Savinykh Yarkoni Natalia , Turner Lorinda , Murley Alexander G. , Chouliaras Leonidas , Shapiro Noah , Ashton Nicholas J. , Savulich George , Bevan-Jones W. Richard , Surendranthan Ajenthan , Blennow Kaj , Zetterberg Henrik , O’Brien John T. , Rowe James B. , Malpetti Maura 
Published: October 2024

AbstractThe innate immune system plays an integral role in the progression of many neurodegenerative diseases. In addition to central innate immune cells (e.g., microglia), peripheral innate immune cells (e.g., blood monocytes, natural killer cells, and dendritic cells) may also differ in these conditions. However, the characterization of peripheral innate immune cell types across different neurodegenerative diseases remains incomplete. This study aimed to characterize peripheral innate immune profiles using flow cytometry for immunophenotyping of peripheral blood mononuclear cells in n = 148 people with Alzheimer’s disease (AD), frontotemporal dementia (FTD), corticobasal syndrome (CBS), progressive supranuclear palsy (PSP), Lewy body dementia (LBD) as compared to n = 37 healthy controls. To compare groups, we used multivariate dissimilarity analysis and principal component analysis across 19 innate immune cell types. We identified pro-inflammatory profiles that significantly differ between patients with all-cause dementia and healthy controls, with some significant differences between patient groups. Regression analysis confirmed that time to death following the blood test correlated with the individuals’ immune profile weighting, positively to TREM2+ and non-classical monocytes and negatively to classical monocytes. Taken together, these results describe transdiagnostic peripheral immune profiles and highlight the link between prognosis and the monocyte cellular subdivision and function (as measured by surface protein expression). The results suggest that blood-derived innate immune profiles can inform sub-populations of cells relevant for specific neurodegenerative diseases that are significantly linked to accelerated disease progression and worse survival outcomes across diagnoses. Blood-based innate immune profiles may contribute to enhanced precision medicine approaches in dementia, helping to identify and monitor therapeutic targets and stratify patients for candidate immunotherapies.
The AKR1C1–CYP1B1–cAMP signaling axis controls tumorigenicity and ferroptosis susceptibility of extrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma
Authors: Liu Chang , Zhang Cheng , Wu Hongkun , Zhao Zhibin , Wang Zhenhua , Zhang Xiaomin , Yang Jieli , Yu Wenlong , Lian Zhexiong , Gao Minghui , Zhou Lin 
Published: October 2024

AbstractExtrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma (ECC), a highly malignant type of cancer with increasing incidence, has a poor prognosis due to limited treatment options. Based on genomic analysis of ECC patient samples, here we report that aldo-keto reductase family 1 member C1 (AKR1C1) is highly expressed in human ECC tissues and closely associated with ECC progression and poor prognosis. Intriguingly, we show that inducible AKR1C1 knockdown triggers ECC cells to undergo ferroptosis. Mechanistically, AKR1C1 degrades the protein stability of the cytochrome P450 family member CYP1B1, a newly discovered mediator of ferroptosis, via ubiquitin-proteasomal degradation. Additionally, AKR1C1 decreases CYP1B1 mRNA level through the transcriptional factor aryl-hydrocarbon receptor (AHR). Furthermore, the AKR1C1–CYP1B1 axis modulates ferroptosis in ECC cells via the cAMP–PKA signaling pathway. Finally, in a xenograft mouse model of ECC, AKR1C1 depletion sensitizes cancer cells to ferroptosis and synergizes with ferroptosis inducers to suppress tumor growth. Therefore, the AKR1C1–CYP1B1–cAMP signaling axis is a promising therapeutic target for ECC treatment, especially in combination with ferroptosis inducers.
Comprehensive theoretical study of the effects of facet, oxygen vacancies, and surface strain on iron and cobalt impurities in different surfaces of anatase TiO2
Authors: Boukhvalov Danil W. , Osipov Vladimir Yu. , Baldycheva Anna , Hogan Benjamin T. 
Published: October 2024

AbstractWe report the results of systematic ab initio modelling of various configurations of iron and cobalt impurities embedded in the (110), (101), and (100) surfaces of anatase TiO2, with and without oxygen vacancies. The simulation results demonstrate that incorporation into interstitial voids at the surface level is significantly more favourable than other configurations for both iron and cobalt. The calculations also demonstrate the crucial effect of the facet as well as the lesser effects of other factors, such as vacancies and strain on the energetics of defect incorporation, magnetic moment, bandgap, and catalytic performance. It is further shown that there is no tendency towards the segregation or clustering of impurities on the surface. The calculated free energies of the hydrogen evolution reaction in acidic media predict that iron impurities embedded in the (101) surface of anatase TiO2 can be a competitive catalyst for this reaction.
Silica/klucel nanocomposite as promising durable adsorbent for lead removal from industrial effluents
Authors: El-Shafey Shaymaa E. , Obada Mohammed K. , El-Shamy A. M. , Mohamed Wael S. 
Published: October 2024

AbstractThe removal of heavy metals, such as lead, from industrial wastewater is imperative due to their detrimental effects on both human health and the environment. This study delves into investigating the feasibility of employing a novel adsorbent, specifically a silica/klucel nanocomposite, for effectively extract lead from industrial effluents. The synthesis of this nanocomposite involved a simple and cost-effective method, combining silica nanoparticles with klucel. XRD, FTIR, E-SEM, Raman, and N2 gas adsorption at − 196 °C tools were employed to prospect the formation of silica/klucel nanocomposite. Outstandingly, treating 50 ml of 50 mg/l of lead with 10 mg of adsorbent exhibited rapid removal, which reached a maximum (95%) at 60 min contact time. The resulting composite demonstrated remarkable adsorption capabilities, primarily attributed to two factors: the expansive surface area of silica nanoparticles 139.1 m2/g and the porous structure provided by klucel. Through batch adsorption experiments, the nanocomposite’s proficiency in removing lead ions from aqueous solutions became evident. The kinetics of the adsorption process were found to adhere closely to a pseudo-second-order model, hinting at chemical adsorption as the rate-determining step. Langmuir isotherm model revealed that lead ions tend to form a monolayer on the surface of the nanocomposite and the maximum adsorption capacity (qm) was 63.938 mg/g. Additionally, the nanocomposite, exhibited notable stability and could be reused multiple times, where 65% removal efficiency was announced until the 7th cycle without significant degradation in performance. In summary, the silica/klucel nanocomposite emerges as a promising and eco-friendly adsorbent for removing lead from industrial effluents. Its efficient performance and sustainability offer a compelling solution to combat heavy metal contamination, thereby contributing to environmental preservation and human well-being.
Assessment of disability and disease burden in neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorders in the CIRCLES Cohort
Authors: Gholizadeh Shervin , Exuzides Alex , Sinnott Jennifer , Palmer Chella , Waltz Michael , Rose John W. , Jolley Anna Marie , Behne Jacinta M. , Behne Megan K. , Blaschke Terrence F. , Smith Terry J. , Lewis Katelyn E. , Cook Lawrence J. , Yeaman Michael R. ,   on behalf of The Guthy-Jackson Charitable Foundation CIRCLES Study Group
Published: October 2024

AbstractNeuromyelitis optica spectrum disorders (NMOSD) comprise autoimmune diseases imposing substantial disability. We compared an NMOSD-targeted disability assessment of mobility, vision, and self-care domains (individually and composite) with the multiple sclerosis-targeted Expanded Disability Status Scale (EDSS) to assess NMOSD disease burden. An overall cohort (n = 505) and a subset of these patients with an enriched dataset (n = 198) were analyzed from the CIRCLES longitudinal, observational database of patients with AQP4-IgG–seropositive or –seronegative NMOSD in North America. Multinomial modeling was used to identify temporal correlates of disability improvement, stability, and worsening. Prior on-study relapse correlated with worsening mobility (OR, 3.08; 95% CI: 1.61–5.90), vision (OR, 3.99; 95% CI: 2.03–7.86), self-care disability (OR, 1.90; 95% CI: 1.07–3.38), and mean composite index disability (OR, 4.20; 95% CI: 1.71–10.34). Higher vision disability was associated with Black race, shorter time on-study, and AQP4-IgG–seropositive status in patients ≥ 18 years (p < 0.05). Disease onset phenotype and sex correlated with pain interference (p < 0.05). These correlates of NMOSD disability were undetected by EDSS. The CIRCLES real-world experience supports the need for NMOSD-specific disability assessment to improve recognition of disease burden, facilitate proactive clinical management, offer insights into resilience, and inform clinical trial design.
A novel genetic strategy to enable rapid detection of rare non-native alleles
Authors: Cooper Robert D. , Luckau Tara K. , Toffelmier Erin , Cook Dave G. , Martinelli Stacy , Fawcett Michael H. , Shaffer H. Bradley 
Published: October 2024

AbstractEstablished invasive species represent one of the most harmful and challenging threats to native biodiversity, necessitating methods for Early Detection and Rapid Response. Cryptic invasions are particularly challenging and often require expensive and time-consuming molecular surveys which limits their usefulness for management. We present a novel application of the Fluidigm SNP-Type Assay to identify rare non-native alleles that significantly reduces the cost and time to generate diagnostic results. We demonstrate the efficacy of this method using experimental Fluidigm pools (99% accuracy) and sequence data (96% accuracy). We apply our novel methodology to an endangered population of California tiger salamanders in Sonoma County where two individual non-native tiger salamander hybrids have previously been detected since 2008. We screened 5805 larvae in 387 sample-pools containing 15 larvae each. We did not detect any non-native hybrids in the population, a result that was verified with sequence data, though we strongly recommend additional years of sampling to confirm hybrid absence. Our success with a challenging, large-genome amphibian suggests this method may be applied to any system, and would be particularly useful when it is necessary for conservation practitioners to rapidly identify rare taxa or genes of interest.
Menstrual cycle does not impact the hypoxic ventilatory response and acute mountain sickness prediction
Authors: Citherlet Tom , Raberin Antoine , Manferdelli Giorgio , Pialoux Vincent , Millet Grégoire P. 
Published: October 2024

AbstractThe relationship between the variations in ovarian hormones (i.e., estrogens and progesterone) and the hypoxic ventilatory response (HVR) remains unclear. HVR is a key adaptive mechanism to high altitude and has been proposed as a predictor for acute mountain sickness (AMS). This study aimed to explore the effects of hormonal changes across the menstrual cycle on HVR. Additionally, it assessed the predictive capacity of HVR for AMS and examined whether a particular menstrual phase could enhance its predictive accuracy. Thirteen eumenorrheic women performed a pure nitrogen breathing test near sea level, measuring HVR and cerebral oxygenation in early follicular, late follicular, and mid-luteal phases. Oxidative stress and ovarian hormone levels were also measured. AMS symptoms were evaluated after spending 14 h, including one overnight, at an altitude of 3,375 m. No differences in HVR, ventilation, peripheral oxygen saturation, or cerebral oxygenation were observed between the three menstrual cycle phases. Moreover, these parameters and the oxidative stress markers did not differ between the women with or without AMS (31% vs 69%), regardless of the menstrual cycle phase. In conclusion, ventilatory responses and cerebral oxygenation in normobaric hypoxia were consistent across the menstrual cycle. Furthermore, these parameters did not differentiate women with or without AMS.
Alternative climatic steady states near the Permian–Triassic Boundary
Authors: Ragon C. , Vérard C. , Kasparian J. , Brunetti M. 
Published: October 2024

AbstractDue to spatial scarcity and uncertainties in sediment data, initial and boundary conditions in deep-time climate simulations are not well constrained. On the other hand, depending on these conditions, feedback mechanisms in the climate system compete and balance differently. This opens up the possibility to obtain multiple steady states in numerical experiments. Here, we use the MIT general circulation model to explore the existence of such alternative steady states around the Permian–Triassic Boundary (PTB). We construct the corresponding bifurcation diagram, taking into account processes on a timescale of thousands of years, in order to identify the stability range of the steady states and tipping points as the atmospheric CO2 content is varied. We find three alternative steady states with a difference in global mean surface air temperature of about 10 °C. We also examine how these climatic steady states are modified when feedbacks operating on comparable or longer time scales are included, namely vegetation dynamics and air-sea carbon exchanges. Our findings on multistability provide a useful framework for explaining the climatic variations observed in the Early Triassic geological record, as well as some discrepancies between numerical simulations in the literature and geological data at PTB and its aftermath.
Gliflozins, sucrose and flavonoids are allosteric activators of lecithin-cholesterol acyltransferase
Authors: Niemelä Akseli , Giorgi Laura , Nouri Sirine , Yurttaş Betül , Rauniyar Khushbu , Jeltsch Michael , Koivuniemi Artturi 
Published: October 2024

AbstractLecithin-cholesterol acyltransferase (LCAT) serves as a pivotal enzyme in preserving cholesterol homeostasis via reverse cholesterol transport, a process closely associated with the onset of atherosclerosis. Impaired LCAT function can lead to severe LCAT deficiency disorders for which no pharmacological treatment exists. LCAT-based therapies, such as small molecule positive allosteric modulators (PAMs), against LCAT deficiencies and atherosclerosis hold promise, although their efficacy against atherosclerosis remains challenging. Herein we utilized a quantitative in silico metric to predict the activity of novel PAMs and tested their potencies with in vitro enzymatic assays. As predicted, sodium-glucose cotransporter 2 (SGLT2) inhibitors (gliflozins), sucrose and flavonoids activate LCAT. This has intriguing implications for the mechanism of action of gliflozins, which are commonly used in the treatment of type 2 diabetes, and for the endogenous activation of LCAT. Our results underscore the potential of molecular dynamics simulations in rational drug design.