bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Interleukin‐13 associates with life‐threatening rhinovirus infections in infants and young children
Authors: Caballero Mauricio T. , Hijano Diego R. , Acosta Patricio L. , Mateu Cecilia G. , Marcone Débora N. , Linder Jodell E. , Talarico Laura B. , Elder John M. , Echavarria Marcela , Miller Eva Kathryn , Polack Fernando P. ,   the INFANT Respiratory Network
Published: April 2018

AbstractObjectiveDelineate risk factors associated with severe hypoxemia (O2 sat ≤87%) in infants and children younger than 2 years hospitalized with single pathogen HRV infection.Study DesignProspective study in a yearly catchment population of 56 560 children <2 years old between 2011 and 2013 in Argentina. All children with respiratory signs and O2 sat <93% on admission were included. HRV infections were identified by reverse transcriptase‐polymerase chain reaction. Epidemiologic, clinical, viral, and immunological risk factors were assessed.ResultsAmong 5012 hospitalized patients, HRV was detected as a single pathogen in 347 (6.92%) subjects. Thirty‐two (9.2%) had life‐threatening disease. Traditional risk factors for severe bronchiolitis did not affect severity of illness. HRV viral load, HRV groups, and type II and III interferons did not associate with severe hypoxemia. Interleukin‐13 Levels in respiratory secretions at the time of admission (OR = 7.43 (3‐18.4); P < 0.001 for IL‐13 >10 pg/mL) predisposed to life‐threatening disease.ConclusionsTargeted interventions against IL‐13 should be evaluated to decrease severity of HRV illness in infancy and early childhood.
Energetic Materials Derived from 4,4’,5,5’‐tetranitro‐1H,1’H‐2,2’‐biimidazole
Authors: Lewczuk Rafał 
Published: April 2018

AbstractIn the group of energetic diazoles, 4,4’,5,5’‐tetranitro‐1H,1’H‐2,2’‐biimidazole (TNBI) have attracted much attention in the past few years. Although the compound suffers from hygroscopicity, it is a useful substrate for the synthesis of new high energy materials. The review summarizes published data on the methods of preparation, structure, properties and energetic characteristics of TNBI, its salts and N‐substituted derivatives. This class of compounds contains mainly nitrogen rich molecules with potential to become future propellants and explosives.
Dehydroleucodine inhibits mitotic clonal expansion during adipogenesis through cell cycle arrest
Authors: Abood S. , Veisaga M. L. , López L. A. , Barbieri M. A. 
Published: April 2018

Aberrant levels of preadipocyte differentiation, triggered by adipocyte hyperplasia and hypertrophy, results in the obesogenic phenotype. Obesity is a risk factor for several metabolic disorders. In this paper, dehydroleucodine inhibited the accumulation of lipid droplets and decreased the elevations of triglycerides, and this inhibitory effect occurred during the early stage of adipogenesis. Thus, not only did dehydroleucodine downregulate the expression of C/EBPα and PPARγ, it also strongly blocked the expression of C/EBPβ, an early stage biomarker of early adipogenesis, in a concentration‐dependent manner. The proliferation of preadipocytes was dramatically suppressed when dehydroleucodine was added to the medium as early as 24 hr. These results indicate that dehydroleucodine may specifically affect mitotic clonal expansion to inhibit preadipocyte differentiation. Dehydroleucodine arrested the cell cycle at the G0/G1 phase, increased p27 and decreased both cyclins A and D and their partners (e.g., CDK2 and CDK4). Additionally, dehydroleucodine decreased phosphorylation of Erk1/2 and Akt. Furthermore, dehydroleucodine downregulated expression of histone demethylase JMJD2B as well as repressed the expression of histone methyltransferase MLL4, which in turn diminished the expression of C/EBPβ and PPARγ, respectively. Collectively, our results indicate that dehydroleucodine inhibits preadipocyte differentiation by blocking mitotic clonal expansion via cell cycle arrest, which may be mediated by regulation of selective histone methylation/demethylation in transcription activation during the early step of adipogenesis.
Revisiting the foundations of the quantum theory of atoms in molecules: Some open problems
Authors: Shahbazian Shant 
Published: April 2018

AbstractIn a series of papers in the last 10 years, various aspects of the mathematical foundations of the quantum theory of atoms in molecules have been considered by this author and his coworkers in some details. Although these considerations answered part of the questions raised by some critics on the mathematical foundations of the quantum theory of atoms in molecules, however, new mathematical problems also emerged during these studies that were reviewed elsewhere [Sh. ShahbazianInt. J. Quantum Chem.2011,111, 4497.]. Beyond mathematical subtleties of the formalism that were the original motivation for initial exchanges and disputes, the questions raised by critics had a constructive effect and prompted the author to propose a novel extension of the theory, now called the multi‐component quantum theory of atoms in molecules [M. Goli, Sh. ShahbazianTheor. Chem. Acc.2013,132, 1365.]. Taking this background into account, in this paper a new set of open problems is put forward that the author believes proper answers to these questions, may open new doors for future theoretical developments of the quantum theory of atoms in molecules. Accordingly, rather than emphasizing on the rigorous mathematical formulation, the practical motivations behind proposing these questions are discussed in detail and the relevant literature are reviewed while when possible, evidence and routes to answers are also provided. The author hopes that proposing these open questions as a compact package may motivate more mathematically oriented people to participate in future developments of the quantum theory of atoms in molecules and its multi‐component version.
Management of adenovirus infection in patients after haematopoietic stem cell transplantation: State‐of‐the‐art and real‐life current approach
Authors: Hiwarkar Prashant , Kosulin Karin , Cesaro Simone , Mikulska Malgorzata , Styczynski Jan , Wynn Robert , Lion Thomas 
Published: April 2018

SummaryThe important insights gained over the past years in diagnosis and treatment of invasive adenoviral infections provide new paradigms for the monitoring and clinical management of these life‐threatening complications. A meeting was held to discuss and subsequently disseminate the current advances in our understanding of the aetiology/pathogenesis and future treatment options facilitating effective control or prevention of adenovirus‐related diseases in the allogeneic haematopoietic stem cell transplant setting. Invited experts in the field discussed recent progress with leading members of the Infectious Diseases Working Party of the European Society of Blood and Marrow Transplantation at the “State‐of‐the‐art” Meeting in Poznan, Poland, in October 2017. In this review article, the panel of experts presents a concise summary of the current evidence based on published data from the last 15 years and on recent achievements resulting from real‐life practice. The present position statement reflects an expert opinion on current approaches to clinical management of adenovirus infections in patients undergoing allogeneic haematopoietic stem cell transplant and provides graded recommendations of the panel for diagnostic approaches and preemptive therapy reflecting the present state of knowledge.
Output feedback semiglobal practical consensus of linear systems with relative state‐dependent uncertainties
Authors: Zhao Yadong , Zhang Weidong 
Published: April 2018

SummaryThis paper proposes an output feedback consensus control law for linear multiagent systems with relative state‐dependent uncertainties. To achieve output feedback control and uncertainty attenuation, the theories of extended high‐gain observer and structural decomposition are employed. Under the proposed control scheme, semiglobal practical consensus is achieved in the sense that the synchronization errors are ultimately bounded. Besides, the synchronization errors can be kept arbitrarily small by a proper choice of tuning parameters. Finally, a simulation example is provided to verify the theoretical results.
Study of the Au‐Cr bilayer system using X‐ray reflectivity, GDOES, and ToF‐SIMS
Authors: Jonnard Philippe , Modi Mohammed H. , Le Guen Karine , Aneshwari Nargish , Sinha Mangalika , Idir Mourad , Chapon Patrick , Galtayries Anouk 
Published: April 2018

We study a Au (25 nm)/Cr (10 nm) bilayer system as a model of mirror for the soft X‐ray energy range. The Au and Cr thin films are a few nanometer thick and are deposited on a float glass substrate. The sample is characterized by using 3 complementary techniques: soft X‐ray reflectivity, glow discharge optical emission spectrometry (GDOES), and time‐of‐flight secondary ion mass spectroscopy (ToF‐SIMS). Soft X‐ray reflectivity provides information about the thickness and roughness of the different layers, while GDOES is used to obtain the elemental depth profile of the stack and ToF‐SIMS to obtain the elemental and chemical depth profiles. GDOES and ToF‐SIMS have both a nanometer depth resolution. A coherent description of the bilayer stack is obtained through the combination of these techniques. It consists in 5 layers namely a surface contamination layer, a principal gold layer, a Au‐Cr mixed layer, a Cr layer, and another contamination layer at the top of the substrate.
Periodical 2D Photonic–Plasmonic Au/TiOx Nanocavity Resonators for Photoelectrochemical Applications
Authors: Fu Baihe , Zhang Zhonghai 
Published: April 2018

AbstractEffective light trapping at the nanoscale is vital for efficient photoelectrochemical (PEC) applications. Photonic and plasmonic resonators are the two most promising approaches for this purpose, and the synergetic combination of these two resonators will tail the propagation lengths of incident light along with field enhancements, and thus presents further enhanced light‐trapping activity. Herein, a new hybrid photonic–plasmonic resonator is proposed through sputtering plasmonic Au nanoparticles (NPs) into the 2D photonic TiOx nanocavity. Through facile control of the size of Au NPs, the matching of resonant wavelength of plasmonic Au NPs and photonic nanocavities maximize the light‐trapping intensity and thus further improve the PEC performance. Furthermore, for expanding the PEC applications, after functionalization of Au NPs with aptamer as a biomolecular recognition unit, a PEC aptasensor is also proposed and presents the highest sensitivity for antibiotic detection.
Effects of Conformal Nanoscale Coatings on Thermal Performance of Vertically Aligned Carbon Nanotubes
Authors: Silvestri Cinzia , Riccio Michele , Poelma René H. , Jovic Aleksandar , Morana Bruno , Vollebregt Sten , Irace Andrea , Zhang Guo Qi , Sarro Pasqualina M. 
Published: April 2018

AbstractThe high aspect ratio and the porous nature of spatially oriented forest‐like carbon nanotube (CNT) structures represent a unique opportunity to engineer a novel class of nanoscale assemblies. By combining CNTs and conformal coatings, a 3D lightweight scaffold with tailored behavior can be achieved. The effect of nanoscale coatings, aluminum oxide (Al2O3) and nonstoichiometric amorphous silicon carbide (a‐SiC), on the thermal transport efficiency of high aspect ratio vertically aligned CNTs, is reported herein. The thermal performance of the CNT‐based nanostructure strongly depends on the achieved porosity, the coating material and its infiltration within the nanotube network. An unprecedented enhancement in terms of effective thermal conductivity in a‐SiC coated CNTs has been obtained: 181% compared to the as‐grown CNTs and Al2O3 coated CNTs. Furthermore, the integration of coated high aspect ratio CNTs in an epoxy molding compound demonstrates that, next to the required thermal conductivity, the mechanical compliance for thermal interface applications can also be achieved through coating infiltration into foam‐like CNT forests.
Nitrogen, Fluorine, and Boron Ternary Doped Carbon Fibers as Cathode Electrocatalysts for Zinc–Air Batteries
Authors: Wang Lei , Wang Yueqing , Wu Mingguang , Wei Zengxi , Cui Chunyu , Mao Minglei , Zhang Jintao , Han Xiaopeng , Liu Quanhui , Ma Jianmin 
Published: April 2018

AbstractZinc–air batteries with high‐density energy are promising energy storage devices for the next generation of energy storage technologies. However, the battery performance is highly dependent on the efficiency of oxygen electrocatalyst in the air electrode. Herein, the N, F, and B ternary doped carbon fibers (TD‐CFs) are prepared and exhibited higher catalytic properties via the efficient 4e− transfer mechanism for oxygen reduction in comparison with the single nitrogen doped CFs. More importantly, the primary and rechargeable Zn–air batteries using TD‐CFs as air–cathode catalysts are constructed. When compared to batteries with Pt/C + RuO2 and Vulcan XC‐72 carbon black catalysts, the TD‐CFs catalyzed batteries exhibit remarkable battery reversibility and stability over long charging/discharging cycles.
Cloud simulators in the implementation and evaluation of virtual machine placement algorithms
Authors: Mann Zoltán Ádám 
Published: April 2018

SummaryIn recent years, many algorithms have been proposed for the optimized allocation of virtual machines in cloud data centers. Such algorithms are usually implemented and evaluated in a cloud simulator. This paper investigates the impact of the choice of cloud simulator on the implementation of the algorithms and on the evaluation results. In particular, we report our experiences with porting an algorithm and its evaluation framework from one simulator (CloudSim) to another (DISSECT‐CF). Our findings include limitations in the design of the simulators and in existing algorithm implementations. Based on this experience, we propose architectural guidelines for the integration of virtual machine allocation algorithms into cloud simulators.
Server consolidation techniques in virtualized data centers of cloud environments: A systematic literature review
Authors: Mohamadi Bahram Abadi Reza , Rahmani Amir Masoud , Alizadeh Sasan H. 
Published: April 2018

SummaryAt the virtualized data centers, services are presented by active virtual machines (VMs) in physical machines (PMs). The manner in which VMs are mapped to PMs affects the performance of data centers and the energy efficiency. By employing the server consolidation technique, it is possible to configure the VMs on a smaller number of PMs, while the quality of service is guaranteed. In this way, the rate of active PM utilization increases and fewer active PMs would be required. Moreover, the server consolidation technique reacts to the management of underloaded and overloaded PMs by using the VM migration technology. Considering the capabilities of the server consolidation technique and its role in developing the cloud computing infrastructure, many researches have been conducted in this context. Still, a comprehensive and systematic study has not yet been performed on various consolidation techniques to check the capabilities, advantages, and disadvantages of current approaches. In this paper, a systematic study is conducted on a number of credible researches related to server consolidation techniques. In order to do so and by studying the selected works, proposed solutions are categorized based on the type of decision for running the consolidation algorithm in 4 groups of static method, dynamic method, prediction‐based dynamic method, and hybrid method. Thereafter, the advantages and disadvantages of suggested approaches are studied and compared in each research by specifying the technique and idea applied therein. In addition, by categorizing aims of researches and specifying assessment parameters, optimization approaches and type of architecture, a possibility has been provided to get familiarized with the views of the researchers.
Chemistry of Cyanide Adducts of Aldimines from Aniline Derivatives
Authors: Park Eunjoon , Jeon Jiye , Cheon Cheol‐Hong 
Published: April 2018

AbstractThe chemistry of hydrogen cyanide adducts of imines is well‐developed, but that of cyanide adducts remains unexplored. This is presumably because these cyanide adducts are not stable and thus not readily available in their isolated forms. In this personal account, we present the progress made in our research program towards the development of novel organic transformations utilizing cyanide adducts of imines as key intermediates. We also report the application of these methodologies to the total synthesis of natural products including indole alkaloids.
Butylidenephthalide abrogates the myofibroblasts activation and mesenchymal transdifferentiation in oral submucous fibrosis
Authors: Su Tzu‐Rong , Liao Yi‐Wen , Hsieh Pei‐Ling , Tsai Lo‐Lin , Fang Chih‐Yuan , Lin Taichen , Lee Yu‐Hsien , Harn Horng‐Jyh , Yu Cheng‐Chia 
Published: April 2018

AbstractOral submucous fibrosis (OSF) is a premalignant disorder in the oral cavity, and areca nut chewing habit has been implicated in the persistent activation of myofibroblasts and the subsequent fibrosis. Therefore, it is critical to ameliorate the excessive activities of myofibroblasts prior to the malignant transformation of OSF. In the current study, we evaluated the cytotoxicity of butylidenephthalide (BP), a major phthalide ingredient of Angelica sinensis, in fibrotic buccal mucosal fibroblasts (fBMFs) as well as various myofibroblast hallmarks, including the phenotypical characteristics and fibrosis‐related markers. Our results demonstrated that myofibroblast activities, including collagen gel contraction, migration, invasion and wound healing abilities were inhibited in response to BP. The expression levels of myofibroblast marker, α‐smooth muscle actin (α‐SMA), fibronectin and type 1 collagen A1 were decreased after exposure of BP. Moreover, we found that the EMT‐related markers, Twist, Snail and ZEB1 were all downregulated after BP treatment. Most importantly, our findings demonstrated that BP impeded the binding of Snail to the E‐box region in the α‐SMA promoter, which may lead to inhibition of the arecoline‐induced myofibroblast activities. Collectively, our data indicated that BP reduced numerous myofibroblast features in fBMFs and hindered the binding of Snail to α‐SMA, thereby may function as an effective and natural antifibrosis compound.
Die Vakuumsysteme des European XFEL
Authors: Dommach Martin , Lederer Sven , Lilje Lutz 
Published: April 2018

SummaryThe Vacuum Systems for the European XFELVacuum is a pre‐requisite for the successful operation of the European XFEL. Apart of the need to specify pressure levels a large variety of other requirements have to be fulfilled. Specifically, the cleanliness level is noteworthy, as it has to be established in a large system. The respective parts of the particle accelerator and the X‐ray optics are of kilometer length in total. Many of the vacuum components have been developed for the European XFEL to enable the transport of a high quality electron beam. Redundancy and segmentation have been instrumental for the very fast commissioning of the system. The first experiments with X‐ray laser light have been performed successfully.
Mit dünnen Schichten durch vier Jahrzehnte
Authors: Bräuer Günter 
Published: April 2018

SummaryThin films through four decades – How they changed the worldThe 30th anniversary of the journal “Vacuum in research and practice” is accompanied by a brief journey through the world of thin films and their impact on our life during the past decades. Around 40 years ago coating processes had been ready to find their way into mass markets related to large areas and quantity of substrates. Reduction of friction, wear and corrosion on tools and machine components, architectural glass, optical and magnetic data storage media, displays, touch panels and solar cells have been the most important application areas during the past four decades. Often ecxiting new products (like the CD) caused a paradigm change in the design of coating machines, or a milestone in process technology (like Pulse Magnetron Sputtering) enabled new applications. In this contribution several decades of thin film technology will pass in fast motion. The article reflects the perception of someone having experienced 35 very exciting years in industrial development as well as applied research related to thin films and their deposition. Certainly this perception is subjective and incomplete.
Die Geschichte der Gasentladungsphysik
Authors: Cipo Julia , Kersten Holger 
Published: April 2018

SummaryThe History of Gas Discharge PhysicsObservation and study of the impressive polar lights marks the beginning of the gas discharge physics. Even though a remarkable progress was reached by the improvement of gas discharge tubes. The first constructed tube goes back to the Englishman Hauksbee. After that the German glassblower Heinrich Geißler developed more innovative discharge tubes by reducing the gas pressure and by using electrodes of aluminium. The Geißler tubes enabled a lot of scientists such as Plücker, Hittorf and Tesla to study the properties of glow discharges in more detail. At the same time Sir William Crookes developed similar tubes, which found a use in the laboratories of English physicists. Ultimately there were more seminal insights which led to the development of plasma physics as a seperate field and as foundation for many industrial applications.
International cooperation in meteorology, part 1: origin and early years
Authors: Zillman John W. 
Published: April 2018

AbstractInternational cooperation in meteorology was one of the great success stories of the second half of the twentieth century. This article reviews the precursors to that success in the pioneering role of the International Meteorological Organization (IMO) established in 1873 and the early work of the World Meteorological Organization (WMO) which replaced it in 1950.
The elastic wave equation and the stable numerical coupling of its interior and exterior problems
Authors: Eberle Sarah 
Published: April 2018

AbstractWe consider the elastic wave equation in three dimensions with transparent boundary conditions on a bounded, not necessarily convex domain. This leads to a coupling of the elastic wave equation in the interior domain with time‐dependent boundary integral equations. This coupled system is to be solved numerically. The major theoretical result of this paper shows a coercivity property of a Calderón operator for the elastic Helmholtz equation, which is valid for all complex frequencies in a half‐plane. Combining Laplace transform and energy techniques, this coercivity in the frequency domain is used to prove the stability of the fully discrete numerical method in the time domain. The considered numerical method couples finite elements and explicit leapfrog time‐stepping in the interior with boundary elements and convolution quadrature on the boundary. We present convergent error bounds for the semi‐ and full discretization.