bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Advances in CAR-T therapy for central nervous system tumors
Authors: Zhou Delian , Zhu Xiaojian , Xiao Yi 
Published: November 2024

AbstractThe application of chimeric antigen receptor T-cell therapy in central nervous system tumors has significantly advanced; however, challenges pertaining to the blood-brain barrier, immunosuppressive microenvironment, and antigenic heterogeneity continue to be encountered, unlike its success in hematological malignancies such as acute lymphoblastic leukemia and diffuse large B-cell lymphomas. This review examined the research progress of chimeric antigen receptor T-cell therapy in gliomas, medulloblastomas, and lymphohematopoietic tumors of the central nervous system, focusing on chimeric antigen receptor T-cells targeting antigens such as EGFRvIII, HER2, B7H3, GD2, and CD19 in preclinical and clinical studies. It synthesized current research findings to offer valuable insights for future chimeric antigen receptor T-cell therapeutic strategies for central nervous system tumors and advance the development and application of this therapeutic modality in this domain.
Levodopa is associated with reduced development of new-onset geographic atrophy in patients with age-related macular degeneration
Authors: Chan Kyle S. , Aggarwal Nitika , Lawson Shannon , Boucher Nick , MacCumber Mathew W. , Lavine Jeremy A. 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
Background
Geographic atrophy (GA) is a significant cause of vision loss in patients with age-related macular degeneration (AMD). Current treatments are limited to anti-complement drugs, which have limited efficacy to delay progression with significant risk of complications. Levodopa (L-DOPA) is a byproduct of melanin synthesis that is associated with reduced development of neovascular AMD. In this study, we determined if L-DOPA was associated with a reduced likelihood of new-onset GA.

Methods
We performed a retrospective analysis in the Vestrum Health Retina Database. We included eyes with non-neovascular AMD without GA and 1–5 years of follow-up. Eyes were divided into two groups. Exposed to L-DOPA before or on the date of non-neovascular AMD without GA diagnosis, and eyes not exposed to L-DOPA. We extracted age, sex, AREDS2 status, dry AMD stage, smoking history, and conversion rate to GA at years 1 through 5. Propensity score matching was used to match L-DOPA and control groups. Cox proportional hazard regression, adjusting for age, sex, AMD severity, AREDS2 use, smoking status, and L-DOPA use was employed to calculate hazard ratios for new-onset GA detection.

Results
We identified 112,089 control and 844 L-DOPA exposed eyes with non-neovascular AMD without GA. After propensity score matching, 2532 control and 844 L-DOPA exposed eyes remained that were well-matched for age, sex, AMD severity, AREDS2 use, and smoking status. We found that L-DOPA exposure was associated with a significantly reduced likelihood (HR = 0.68, 95% CI: 0.48–0.95, P = 0.025) of new-onset GA detection.

Conclusion
L-DOPA use was associated with reduced detection of new-onset GA.
Color fastness and antimicrobial activity of Gardenia jasminoides extract against antimicrobial-resistant Staphylococcus aureus
Authors: Kim Eunsook , Kang Jooyi , Lee Jinhee , Choi Nayoung 
Published: November 2024

AbstractThis study investigated the antimicrobial efficacies of fabrics (100% cotton and 100% silk) dyed with an ethanol extract of Gardenia jasminoides (G. jasminoides). More specifically, these fabrics were dyed using a G. jasminoides extract with a dye bath ratio of 1:20 at 40–60 °C for 60 min, followed by post-mordanting. The concentrations of the aluminum sulfate, copper sulfate, and ferrous sulfate mordants were each set to 3% (o.w.f.). The samples were mordanted using a mordant bath ratio of 1:30 at 40 °C for 20 min. The iron mordant slightly increased the dye uptake (K/S) of the cotton fabric but did not increase the dye uptake (K/S) of the silk fabric. The antimicrobial efficacies of the dyed fabrics against methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) ATCC 33591 were determined to be 99.8 and 87.8% for the cotton and silk fabrics, respectively. The inhibitory effects of the cotton and silk fabrics against MRSA were 30.5 × and 167.3 × the inoculum size, respectively, indicating the superior inhibitory effect of the dyed cotton fabric. These results suggest that the fabrics dyed with G. jasminoides extract may possess antibacterial activity against antimicrobial-resistant bacteria.
A retrospective epidemiological analysis of maxillofacial fractures at a tertiary referral hospital in istanbul: a seven-year study of 1,757 patients
Authors: Asya Orhan , Gündoğdu Yavuz , İncaz Sefa , Kavak Ömer Tarık , Mammadli Javahir , Özcan Sefa , Çavlan Celal Emre , Yumuşakhuylu Ali Cemal 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
Background
The aim of the study was to evaluate the etiology, incidence, demographics, and characteristics of maxillofacial fractures treated at a university hospital over a seven-year period.

Methods
We performed a retrospective analysis of 1,757 patients with maxillofacial fractures who were referred to our department between May 2012 and March 2019. The patients’ demographic and clinical characteristics were noted, as well as the fracture type, location, and etiology. The treatment modalities were also analyzed.

Results
A total of 2,173 maxillofacial fractures were seen in 1,757 patients. The male to female ratio was 3.9:1, and the mean patient age was 31.89 ± 17.70 years (range: 0–95 years). Maxillofacial injuries were most prevalent in the 19–28 years age group (23.9% of cases), with a general increase in injuries observed between 2013 and 2018 across all age groups. The most common etiological factor was assault (29.1%), followed by falls (26%). In male patients, assault was reported as the main cause, while in female patients, falls were identified as the main cause. The nasal bone was the most common site of fracture, followed by the maxilla. The average time from admission to surgery was 2.8 days, with local anesthesia being the most frequent surgical intervention. The average time from admission to surgery was 2.8 ± 2.5 days (range: 0–20 days), with surgeries performed under local anesthesia being more frequent than those carried out under general anesthesia. Among the surgical interventions, the most common general anesthesia technique for fracture reduction was open reduction and internal fixation with plates and screws. Plate exposure, wound-site infection, and temporomandibular joint ankylosis were the major complications encountered in the study population.

Conclusion
The study reveals significant variability in maxillofacial fractures based on gender, age, and etiology. Assault emerged as the leading cause of these fractures, followed by falls and road traffic accidents. Men were affected by maxillofacial trauma four times more often than women, with the highest incidence occurring in the 19–28 years age group. Nasal fractures were the most frequently observed (78.7%), while condylar-subcondylar process fractures were the most common type of mandibular fracture. Given these findings, a targeted, lifelong prevention strategy focused on high-risk groups could significantly reduce the burden of maxillofacial trauma.
Classification of salivary gland biopsies in Sjögren’s syndrome by a convolutional neural network using an auto-machine learning platform
Authors: Álvarez Troncoso Jorge , Ruiz-Bravo Elena , Soto Abánades Clara , Dumusc Alexandre , López-Janeiro Álvaro , Hügle Thomas 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
Background
The histopathological analysis of minor salivary gland biopsies, particularly through the quantification of the Focus Score (FS), is pivotal in the diagnostic workflow for Sjögren's Syndrome (SS). AI-based image recognition using deep learning models has demonstrated potential in enhancing diagnostic accuracy and efficiency in preclinical research.

Objectives
The primary aim of this investigation was to utilize an auto-machine learning (autoML) platform for the automated segmentation and quantification of FS on histopathological slides, aiming to augment diagnostic precision and speed in SS.

Methods
A cohort comprising 86 patients with sicca syndrome (37 diagnosed with SS based on the 2016 ACR/EULAR Classification Criteria and 49 non-SS) was selected for an in-depth histological examination. A repository of 172 slides (two per patient) was assembled, encompassing 74 slides meeting the classificatory thresholds for SS (FS ≥ 1, indicative of lymphocytic infiltration) and 98 slides showcasing normal salivary gland histology. The autoML platform utilized (Giotto, L2F, Lausanne Switzerland) employed a Convolutional Neural Network (CNN) architecture (ResNet-152) for the training and validation phases, using a dataset of 172 slides.

Results
The developed model exhibited a reliability score of 0.88, proficiently distinguishing SS cases, with a sensitivity of 89.47% (95% CI: 66.86% to 98.70%) and a specificity of 88.24% (95% CI: 63.56% to 98.54%). The model found histological slides of suboptimal quality (e.g., those compromised during fixation or staining processes) to be the most challenging for accurate classification.

Conclusion
AutoML platforms offer a rapid and flexible approach to developing machine learning models, even with smaller datasets, as demonstrated in this study for SS. These platforms hold significant potential for enhancing diagnostic precision and efficiency in both clinical and research settings. Multicentric studies with larger patient cohorts are essential for thorough evaluation and validation of this innovative diagnostic approach.
Left ventricular perforation by Impella 5.5 during surgery for postinfarction ventricular septal rupture
Authors: Ito Hisato , Bessho Saki , Shomura Yu , Moriwaki Keishi , dohi Kaoru , Takao Motoshi 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
Background
The perioperative use of the Impella 5.5 has been increasing recently; however, the left ventricular perforation by this device during surgery has not been reported to date.

Case presentation
Postinfarction ventricular septal rupture in a 75-year-old man was successfully repaired with support of a single Impella 5.5 device used for consecutive 28 days perioperatively. The patient underwent surgery after 16 days of Impella support. During surgery, the Impella was left in place expecting its use for left ventricular unloading after the operation. After aortic cross-clamp, when the apex was carefully lifted, the tip of the Impella almost protruded from the posterior wall, and could be seen through the epicardium. The aorta was unclamped briefly, the Impella was pulled out several centimeters, and the aorta was cross-clamped again. The ventricular septal rupture was repaired by the double-layer patch technique via the right ventricle. Immediately before the chest closure, the free wall of the LV ruptured and blood rapidly flowed out. It was where the Impella almost protruded during cardiac arrest, and was repaired with a pledgeted monofilament mattress suture.

Conclusions
A single device can be used throughout perioperative periods; however, if used during surgery, possible risk of left ventricular perforation should be well recognized since the device has no soft pigtail part at its end, and its stiff tip can directly contact the decompressed, flaccid ventricular wall during cardiac arrest.
Data-driven multivariate time series prediction of in-vehicle equipment failure rates
Authors: Guo Yongfei , Chen Yonggang , Wang Haiyong , Liu Yang 
Published: November 2024

AbstractEffectively predicting the failure rate of train-controlled on-board equipment is of great significance for rationally allocating equipment spares, drawing up maintenance plans, and reducing the occurrence of failures. In order to tackle the problem of the intricate attributes and limited predictive precision of the sample data pertaining to the failure rate of on-board equipment, in this paper, a multivariate time series prediction model for the failure rate of train-controlled on-board equipment is based on the combination of multivariate variational modal decomposition (MVMD) graph neural network (GNN) and transformer. First, the original failure rate time series, air temperature, humidity and sand and dust time series are modally decomposed using MVMD, and the intrinsic modal functions (IMFs) of each series are obtained; then, the dynamic graph of the GNN network is defined according to the IMFs, and Transformer’s self-attention mechanism is utilised to capture the dynamic graph’s temporal and spatial dependencies. Finally, the failure rate is output through the feed-forward neural network prediction value. Experiments using the historical fault data of CTCS3-300T train-controlled on-board equipment are carried out to confirm the efficacy of the suggested method, and it is contrasted with other conventional machine learning techniques. The outcomes of the experiment show that compared with other train-controlled on-board equipment failure prediction models, the proposed method has a very good superiority, as evidenced by its mean absolute error (MAE) of 0.0489 and root mean square error (RMSE) of 0.0510, which is of certain reference value for equipment operation and maintenance.
Management of critically ill patients in austere environments: good clinical practice by the Italian Society of Anesthesia, Analgesia, Resuscitation and Intensive Care (SIAARTI)
Authors: Bixio Mattia , Carenzo Luca , Accurso Giuseppe , Balagna Roberto , Bazurro Simone , Chiarini Giovanni , Cortegiani Andrea , Faraldi Loredana , Fontana Costantino , Giannarzia Emilio , Giarratano Antonino , Molineris Enrico , Raineri Santi Maurizio , Marin Paolo 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
The Italian Society of Anesthesia, Analgesia, Resuscitation and Intensive Care (SIAARTI) has developed a good clinical practice to address the challenges of treating critically ill patients in resource-limited austere environments, exacerbated by recent pandemics, natural disasters, and conflicts. The methodological approach was based on a literature review and a modified Delphi method, which involved blind voting and consensus evaluation using a Likert scale. This process was conducted over two rounds of online voting. The document covers six critical topics: the overall impact of austere conditions on critical care, airway management, analgesia, bleeding control, vascular access, and medical devices and equipment. In these settings, it is vital to apply basic care techniques flexibly, focusing on immediate bleeding control, airway management, and hypothermia treatment to reduce mortality. For airway management, rapid sequence intubation with ketamine for sedation and muscle relaxation is suggested. Effective pain management involves a multimodal approach, including patient-controlled analgesia by quickly acting safe drugs, with an emphasis on ethical palliative care when other options are unavailable. Regarding hemorrhage, military-derived protocols like Tactical Combat Casualty Care significantly reduced mortality and influenced the development of civilian bleeding control devices. Establishing venous access is crucial, with intraosseous access as a swift option and central venous access for complex cases, ensuring aseptic conditions. Lastly, selecting medical equipment that matches the specific logistical and medical needs is essential, maintaining monitoring standards and considering advanced diagnostic tools like point-of-care ultrasounds. Finally, effective communication tools for coordination and telemedicine are also vital.
Quantum steering ellipsoids and quantum obesity in critical systems
Authors: Rosario Pedro , Santos Alan C. 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
Quantum obesity (QO) is a novel function introduced to quantify quantum correlations that go beyond traditional measures like entanglement, while also functioning as an entanglement witness. One of the key strengths of QO lies in its analyticity for arbitrary states of bipartite systems, making it a more accessible and versatile tool compared to other measures of quantum correlations, such as quantum discord. In this work, we highlight the importance of QO as a fundamental quantity for identifying signatures of quantum phase transitions, which are critical changes in the ground state of quantum systems driven by quantum fluctuations. We introduce a mechanism based on local filtering operations designed to enhance the critical behavior of QO near phase transition points, providing a deeper understanding of these phenomena. Furthermore, we present a theorem that characterizes how QO transforms under local quantum operations and classical communications (LOCC), which broadens its applicability to a wider range of quantum systems. This opens new avenues for exploring quantum criticality and other novel quantum phenomena by leveraging the analytically computable, pairwise QO, thus offering both theoretical insights and practical applications in quantum information science.
Clinical and Radiological Features of Atypical Adrenal Masses—A Multicenter Retrospective Study
Authors: Balderrama-Brondani Vania , Al-Ward Ruaa , Kiseljak-Vassiliades Katja , Fishbein Lauren , Dawes Danielle , Hamidi Oksana , Pishdad Reza , Perdomo Rodriguez Juan Pablo , Sukkari Mohamad Anas , Grajo Joseph R , Ghayee Hans Kumar , Bedrose Sara , Bassett Roland L , Hamrahian Amir H , Habra Mouhammed Amir 
Published: November 2024

Abstract

Context
The natural history and malignant potential of cases classified as atypical adrenal masses (AAMs) are unknown.

Objective
To describe the radiological characteristics and clinical outcomes of AAMs.

Design and Participants
A multicenter retrospective study. Patients ≥18 years old with AAMs [diameter of 10-39 mm on first imaging study and pre-contrast attenuation of &gt;10 Hounsfield units (HU) on computed tomography] were studied. We excluded adrenal metastasis, pheochromocytoma, sarcoma, lymphoma, infiltrative lesions, and adrenal hemorrhage, as well as patients with genetic predisposition to adrenal neoplasms. Data are presented as percentages and median values with interquartile ranges (IQRs).

Results
We included 217 patients with 224 adrenal masses (61.3% women); the median age was 58 years (IQR 49-65 years). The median size was 20.5 mm (IQR 15-27 mm), with a median precontrast attenuation of 23.5 HU (IQR 17-30 HU). The median AAM growth rate was 0.3 mm/year (IQR 0-1.8 mm/year). Seventy-one masses (31.7%) underwent pathological evaluation. Adrenal adenoma (n = 38; 17%) and adrenocortical carcinoma (ACC) (n = 25; 11.2%) were the 2 most common diagnoses. For the adenomas, the growth rate was 0.3 mm/year (IQR 0-2.3 mm/year) and for ACCs, the growth rate was 12.9 mm/year (IQR 3.5-22 mm/year). The absolute contrast washout was &gt;60% in 5 out of 7 (71.4%) ACC cases. The best growth rate cutoff for predicting malignancy was 2.68 mm/year (area under the curve 0.939; sensitivity 87.5%, specificity 88.8%).

Conclusion
AAMs carry significant malignant potential, and long-term follow-up is warranted when surgery is not pursued. Contrast washout is not reliable in predicting malignant potential of AAMs.
Lgr5
+ intestinal stem cells are required for organoid survival after genotoxic injury
Authors: Lee Joseph , Gleizes Antoine , Janto Nicolas V. , Appell Lito L. , Sun Siyang , Takaesu Felipe , Webster Sarah F. , Hailstock Taylor , Barker Nick , Gracz Adam D. 
Published: November 2024

ABSTRACT
Progenitors and mature cells can maintain the intestinal epithelium by dedifferentiation and facultative intestinal stem cell (fISC) function when active ISCs (aISCs) are lost to damage. Here, we modeled fISC activation in mouse intestinal organoids with doxorubicin (DXR) treatment, a chemotherapeutic known to ablate Lgr5+ aISCs in vivo. Similar fISC gene activation was observed between organoids treated with low versus high DXR, despite significantly decreased survival at the higher dose. aISCs exhibited dose-dependent loss after DXR treatment but survived at doses compatible with organoid survival. We ablated residual aISCs after DXR treatment using a Lgr52A-DTR allele and observed that aISC survival of the initial genotoxic insult is required for organoid survival following DXR treatment. These results suggest that although typical fISC genes are activated by DXR-induced injury in organoids, functional stemness remains dependent on the aISC pool. Finally, we show that human intestinal organoids require higher doses of DXR to induce loss of survival and downregulation of LGR5. Our data establish a reproducible model of DXR-induced injury in intestinal organoids and reveal differences in in vitro responses to an established in vivo damage modality.
Ocular Manifestations in Neuroendocrine Tumors: A Review Article
Authors: Hrapkowicz Aleksandra , Szydziak Joanna , Janowska Kinga , Wrześniewska Martyna , Wołoszczak Julia , Zając-Pytrus Hanna 
Published: November 2024

Introduction: Neuroendocrine tumors (NETs) are a diverse group of tumors that arise from neuroendocrine cells and can synthesize and secrete neuropeptides or hormones. Although NETs usually originate from the gastrointestinal tract or bronchopulmonary tree, they can affect various organs, including the eye. The majority of ocular association with neuroendocrine tumors results from metastasis that affects the orbit, however, primary ocular tumors have been reported.
Purpose of the study: The article reviews the presentation of ocular manifestations in neuroendocrine tumors including pheochromocytoma, ocular paraganglioma, gastrointestinal and bronchial NETs, Merkel cell carcinoma and neuroendocrine metastasis.
Materials and methods: In order to summarize the current knowledge on the topic, a literature review of English language papers with a focus on the most current literature was performed. The review was conducted with the PubMed database with 43 works used, accessed before September 2024.
Conclusions: Instances of neuroendocrine tumors leading to ocular manifestations have become increasingly prevalent. These nonspecific symptoms can make it challenging to diagnose ocular NETs. Ocular manifestations are not typically the primary symptom, but patients with tumors located in the eye may experience symptoms such as eye pain, blepharitis or exophthalmos. Ocular motility and vision may also be affected. It is crucial to study the association between those symptoms and NETs, in order to develop a more comprehensive understanding of the matter.