bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Dinosaur diversification linked with the Carnian Pluvial Episode
Authors: Bernardi Massimo , Gianolla Piero , Petti Fabio Massimo , Mietto Paolo , Benton Michael J. 
Published: April 2018

AbstractDinosaurs diversified in two steps during the Triassic. They originated about 245 Ma, during the recovery from the Permian-Triassic mass extinction, and then remained insignificant until they exploded in diversity and ecological importance during the Late Triassic. Hitherto, this Late Triassic explosion was poorly constrained and poorly dated. Here we provide evidence that it followed the Carnian Pluvial Episode (CPE), dated to 234–232 Ma, a time when climates switched from arid to humid and back to arid again. Our evidence comes from a combined analysis of skeletal evidence and footprint occurrences, and especially from the exquisitely dated ichnofaunas of the Italian Dolomites. These provide evidence of tetrapod faunal compositions through the Carnian and Norian, and show that dinosaur footprints appear exactly at the time of the CPE. We argue then that dinosaurs diversified explosively in the mid Carnian, at a time of major climate and floral change and the extinction of key herbivores, which the dinosaurs opportunistically replaced.
Systemic and sex-biased regulation of OBP expression under semiochemical stimuli
Authors: Paula Débora Pires , Togawa Roberto Coiti , do Carmo Costa Marcos Mota , Grynberg Priscila , Martins Natália Florêncio , Andow David Alan 
Published: April 2018

AbstractConstitutive expression of Odorant-Binding Proteins (OBPs) in antennae and other body parts has been examined mainly to infer their involvement in insect olfaction, while their regulation in response to semiochemical stimuli has remained poorly known. Previous studies of semiochemical response were basically done using electrophysiology, which integrates the response of the set of OBPs present in an antenna or sensillum, without revealing the regulation of OBPs or which ones might be involved. In this study we used boll weevil as a model and mined its OBPs by RNA-Seq to study their simultaneous antennal expression by qPCR under controlled semiochemical stimuli with aggregation pheromone and plant volatiles. In the absence of a semiochemical stimulus, 23 of 24 OBPs were constitutively expressed in the antenna in both sexes. Semiochemicals changed systemically the expression of OBPs in both sexes. There were different patterns of up- and down-regulation in female antennae for each semiochemical stimulus, consistent with female chemical ecology. On the other hand, the only response in males was down-regulation of some OBPs. We suggest that these systemic changes in OBP expression might be related to enhancing detection of the semiochemical stimuli and/or priming the olfactory system to detect other environmental chemicals.
Gymnosperms on the EDGE
Authors: Forest Félix , Moat Justin , Baloch Elisabeth , Brummitt Neil A. , Bachman Steve P. , Ickert-Bond Steffi , Hollingsworth Peter M. , Liston Aaron , Little Damon P. , Mathews Sarah , Rai Hardeep , Rydin Catarina , Stevenson Dennis W. , Thomas Philip , Buerki Sven 
Published: April 2018

AbstractDriven by limited resources and a sense of urgency, the prioritization of species for conservation has been a persistent concern in conservation science. Gymnosperms (comprising ginkgo, conifers, cycads, and gnetophytes) are one of the most threatened groups of living organisms, with 40% of the species at high risk of extinction, about twice as many as the most recent estimates for all plants (i.e. 21.4%). This high proportion of species facing extinction highlights the urgent action required to secure their future through an objective prioritization approach. The Evolutionary Distinct and Globally Endangered (EDGE) method rapidly ranks species based on their evolutionary distinctiveness and the extinction risks they face. EDGE is applied to gymnosperms using a phylogenetic tree comprising DNA sequence data for 85% of gymnosperm species (923 out of 1090 species), to which the 167 missing species were added, and IUCN Red List assessments available for 92% of species. The effect of different extinction probability transformations and the handling of IUCN data deficient species on the resulting rankings is investigated. Although top entries in our ranking comprise species that were expected to score well (e.g. Wollemia nobilis, Ginkgo biloba), many were unexpected (e.g. Araucaria araucana). These results highlight the necessity of using approaches that integrate evolutionary information in conservation science.
Pan-cancer analysis of somatic mutations and transcriptomes reveals common functional gene clusters shared by multiple cancer types
Authors: Kim Hyeongmin , Kim Yong-Min 
Published: April 2018

AbstractTo discover functional gene clusters across cancers, we performed a systematic pan-cancer analysis of 33 cancer types. We identified genes that were associated with somatic mutations and were the cores of a co-expression network. We found that multiple cancer types have relatively exclusive hub genes individually; however, the hub genes cooperate with each other based on their functional relationship. When we built a protein-protein interaction network of hub genes and found nine functional gene clusters across cancer types, the gene clusters divided not only the region of the network map, but also the function of the network by their distinct roles related to the development and progression of cancer. This functional relationship between the clusters and cancers was underpinned by the high expression of module genes and enrichment of programmed cell death, and known candidate cancer genes. In addition to protein-coding hub genes, non-coding hub genes had a possible relationship with cancer. Overall, our approach of investigating cancer genes enabled finding pan-cancer hub genes and common functional gene clusters shared by multiple cancer types based on the expression status of the primary tumour and the functional relationship of genes in the biological network.
Evidence for the formation of the young counter-rotating stellar disk from gas acquired by IC 719
Authors: Pizzella A. , Morelli L. , Coccato L. , Corsini E. M. , Dalla Bontà E. , Fabricius M. , Saglia R. P. 
Published: April 2018

Aims. The formation scenario of extended counter-rotating stellar disks in galaxies is still debated. In this paper, we study the S0 galaxy IC 719 known to host two large-scale counter-rotating stellar disks in order to investigate their formation mechanism.
Methods. We exploit the large field of view and wavelength coverage of the Multi Unit Spectroscopic Explorer (MUSE) spectrograph to derive two-dimensional (2D) maps of the various properties of the counter-rotating stellar disks, such as age, metallicity, kinematics, spatial distribution, the kinematical and chemical properties of the ionized gas, and the dust map.
Results. Due to the large wavelength range, and in particular to the presence of the Calcium Triplet λλ8498, 8542, 8662 Å (CaT hereafter), the spectroscopic analysis allows us to separate the two stellar components in great detail. This permits precise measurement of both the velocity and velocity dispersion of the two components as well as their spatial distribution. We derived a 2D map of the age and metallicity of the two stellar components, as well as the star formation rate and gas-phase metallicity from the ionized gas emission maps.
Conclusions. The main stellar disk of the galaxy is kinematically hotter, older, thicker and with larger scale-length than the secondary disk. There is no doubt that the latter is strongly linked to the ionized gas component: they have the same kinematics and similar vertical and radial spatial distribution. This result is in favor of a gas accretion scenario over a binary merger scenario to explain the origin of counter-rotation in IC 719. One source of gas that may have contributed to the accretion process is the cloud that surrounds IC 719.
Endoskopische Frühdiagnostik von Karzinomen im oberen Aerodigestivtrakt
Authors: Davaris Nikolaos , Voigt-Zimmermann Susanne , Cyran Anna-Maria , Arens Christoph 
Published: April 2018

ZusammenfassungDer obere Aerodigestivtrakt ist mit endoskopischen Methoden gut zugänglich. Die Entwicklung moderner endoskopisch bildgebender Verfahren (EBV) hat dazu
beigetragen, Tumorerkrankungen im oberen Aerodigestivtrakt frühzeitig zu entdecken und minimalinvasiv, onkologisch wirksam sowie funktionserhaltend zu
behandeln. Damit wird ein gutes onkologisches Ergebnis bei Erhalt der Lebensqualität und Reduzierung der Mortalität und Komplikationsrate erreicht.
Anti-Obesity Effect of Arq Zeera and Its Main Components Thymol and Cuminaldehyde in High Fat Diet Induced Obese Rats
Authors: Haque Mohammad , Ansari H. 
Published: April 2018

AbstractArq zeera is a distillate product that prepared from four different herbs namely Trachyspermum ammi L., apiaceae, Zingiber officinale Roxb., zingiberaceae, Carum carvi L.,apiaceae and Cuminum cyminum L., apiaceae. The present study aims to determine the antiobesity effect of arq zeera and its main components thymol and cuminaldehyde in high fat diet induced obese rats and to explore its mechanism of action. In current study, orlistat was used as positive controls. Male Wistar rats were fed with HFD for 42 days to induce obesity. HFD-fed rats were administered with arq zeera, thymol, cumic aldehyde, thymol + cuminaldehyde and orlistat for 28 days. During the course of treatment, body weight and food intake frequently observed and after end of treatments, liver weight, visceral fat pad weight, plasma lipid proflie, alanine aminotransferase, aspartate aminotransferase, glucose, insulin, leptin levels and pancreatic lipase activity were studied on all treated obese rats. The histopathology of liver was also studied. After the treatments of arq zeera and its main components, body weight, food intake, liver weight, visceral fat pad weight and the level of lipid profile, alanine aminotransferase, aspartate aminotranferase, glucose, insulin, and leptin were found to be decreased and pancreatic lipase inhibition were increased. Arq zeera showed more potential antiobesity effect than orlistat. According to our present findings, arq zeera and its main components possessed potent antiobesity effect on high fat diet -induced obese rats and excreted anti-obesity effect partly via hypolipidemic, hypoglycemic, hypoinsulinemic, hypoleptinemic and pancreatic lipase inhibition action.
Serendipitous Detection of Cervical Nodal Metastasis in Glomus Jugulare
Authors: Venkitachalam Shruti , Chinnusamy Rayappa , Ashok Narendranath , Halbe Swatee 
Published: April 2018

AbstractWe present the case of a 50-year-old man who presented to us with a history of having received radiation therapy for a glomus jugulare tumor. He had been on regular follow-up with serial imaging scans. The MRI done after 4 years of treatment revealed an interval increase in size. Carotid angiogram revealed, in addition to the glomus, multiple lymph nodes of similar pattern of vascularity, well lateral to the carotid sheath, in the ipsilateral neck. He underwent resection of the tumor and a neck dissection. Histopathology confirmed metastatic glomus jugulare in the cervical lymph nodes. He received adjuvant radiotherapy and is doing well.
Ulnar Neuropathy due to Intraneural Ganglion Cyst of the Ulnar Nerve at the Elbow
Authors: Son Byung-chul , Choi Jin-gyu , Ko Hak-cheol 
Published: April 2018

AbstractIntraneural ganglion cysts are rare mucinous cyst originating within the epineurium of peripheral nerves. They occur most commonly in the peroneal nerve. However, they have also been described in many nerves in the vicinity of synovial joints. Intraneural ganglion cysts in the upper extremity are rare. Those at the elbow joint comprise only 9% of intraneural ganglion ever reported.A 66-year-old and right-handed male patient presented with a sudden onset of right-hand weakness. He initially noticed paresthesia with decreased sensation in the lateral two digits and radial palm in his right hand. Physical examination showed thenar muscle atrophy and muscle weakness of the abductor pollicis brevis in the right hand. Preoperative diagnosis of intraneural ganglion cyst was made on the basis of characteristic magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) findings. On exploration, the ulnar nerve was identified proximal to the elbow joint. Its articular branch was addressed and divided from the elbow joint.To the best of our knowledge, addressing the articular branch connecting the glenohumeral joint for the treatment of intraneural ganglion at the elbow has only been reported twice. We experienced a rare occurrence of intraneural ganglion cyst at the elbow manifesting an ulnar neuropathy. Here, we report intraoperative findings for the articular branch-connected to intraneural ganglion of the ulnar nerve at the elbow. Early diagnosis of intraneural ganglion with precise identification of the pathology and addressing the articular branch with atraumatic dissection of ganglion cyst are essential to achieve successful treatment for this rare lesion.
Tumor de células gigantes en cuarto metacarpiano: a propósito de un caso
Authors: Palacios Alejandra , Ambite Juan , Zbigniew Tomasz 
Published: April 2018

ResumenLos tumores de células gigantes óseos en las manos son raros; presentamos un caso de un paciente con TCGO localizado en el cuarto metacarpiano tratado en dos tiempos quirúrgicos mediante resección en bloque de todo el hueso y reconstrucción con injerto de peroné vascularizado autólogo seguido de artroplastia metacarpofalángica. Tras un seguimiento postoperatorio de dos años y, a pesar de una recidiva cutánea y sinóstosis a nivel de la prótesis que puede precisar una nueva intervención, el paciente se encuentra libre de recidivas y satisfecho con los resultados obtenidos.
Tension Band Wire Fixation Technique for Anterior Cruciate Ligament Tibial Avulsion Fracture: A New Fixation Technique
Authors: Ding Jing , Wan Lianping , Hou Xiaosheng , Gan Yudong 
Published: April 2018

AbstractThis study evaluated clinical results of tension band wire fixation technique in the arthroscopic treatment of anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) tibial avulsion fracture. This study included 148 cases of ACL tibial avulsion fracture treated using arthroscopic tension band wire fixation technique. Patients were followed up for 25 to 36 months with an average of 27 months and evaluated in accordance with the International Knee Documentation Committee (IKDC) and Lysholm knee scoring scale. Fractures were united within 3 months after surgery in all cases. During the last follow-up, the anterior drawer, Lachman, and pivot shift tests showed negative, except for eight patients who had a 1-degree positive anterior drawer test. KT-1000 knee stability test showed no anterior instability exceeding 2 mm in 132 patients and 4 mm in 8 patients. In accordance with the IKDC scale, the knees of 132 patients were graded normal, whereas 8 other patients were nearly normal. Lysholm scores before surgery and during the last follow-up were 72.4 ± 3.2 and 97.5 ± 2.2, respectively. Statistically significant differences were observed among the Lysholm scores (p < 0.05). The Tegner scores were 6.5 ± 0.9 before injury and 6.4 ± 0.7 at the last follow-up (p > 0.05). No statistically significant differences between the preinjury and postoperative activity level were observed. All patients were satisfied with the outcomes of operation. Arthroscopic treatment of ACL tibial avulsion fracture by using tension band wire fixation technique ensures fracture healing and restores the stability and function of the joint in most patients. The level of evidence for this study is III.
Simultaneous Fractures of the Ipsilateral Scaphoid and Distal Radius
Authors: Fitzpatrick Elizabeth , Fowler Timothy 
Published: April 2018

Background Ipsilateral fractures of the distal radius and scaphoid are rare, with few reports describing mechanisms of injury, fracture patterns, and treatment approaches.
Purpose This article describes the clinical and radiographic features of ipsilateral distal radius and scaphoid fractures occurring simultaneously.
Materials and Methods Electronic databases from 2007 to 2017 at a single Level 1 trauma center were reviewed for patients with concurrent fractures of the distal radius and scaphoid. Patient demographics, injury mechanism, scaphoid and distal radius fracture pattern, treatment approach, and radiographic healing were studied.
Results Twenty-three patients were identified. Nineteen of the 23 (83%) were males, and 19 of 23 (83%) of the injury mechanisms were considered high energy. Twenty-two of the 23 (96%) scaphoid fractures were nondisplaced, all treated with screw fixation. Most distal radius fractures were displaced and comminuted, 17 of 23 (74%) were intra-articular. All distal radius fractures were treated surgically with internal and/or external fixation. Three patients were lost to follow-up. Average follow-up of the remaining 20 was to 19.8 weeks. Nineteen of the 20 (95%) scaphoids healed, one scaphoid went on to nonunion with avascular necrosis. All 20 radius fractures healed, 16 of 20 (80%) in anatomic alignment.
Conclusion Ipsilateral fractures of the distal radius and scaphoid are rare and are usually result of high-energy mechanisms. The scaphoid fracture is usually a nondisplaced fracture at the waist. The distal radius fracture pattern varies but most are displaced and comminuted. The union rate of the scaphoid is high, even if subjected to radiocarpal distraction required for distal radius management.
Level of Evidence Therapeutic level IV study.
Case Study: Students’ Symbolic Manipulation in Calculus Among UTHM Students
Authors: Ali Maselan , Sufahani Suliadi , Ahmad Wan N.A.W. , Kamardan M. Ghazali , Rusiman Mohd Saifullah , Che-Him Norziha 
Published: April 2018

Abstract
Words are symbols representing certain aspects of mathematics. The main purpose of this study is to gain insight into students’ symbolic manipulation in calculus among UTHM students. This study make use the various methods in collecting data which are documentation, pilot study, written test and follow up individual interviews. Hence, the results analyzed and interpreted based on action-process-object-schema framework which is based on Piaget’s ideas of reflective abstraction, the concept of relational and instrumental understanding and the zone of proximal development idea. The students’ reply in the interview session is analyzed and then the overall performance is discussed briefly to relate with the students flexibility in symbolic manipulation in linking to the graphical idea, the students interpretation towards different symbolic structure in calculus and the problem that related to overgeneralization in their calculus problems solving.
Policy impact of the Indonesian Central Bank certificate related on loan interest rate to the demand growth of property
Authors: Wirjodirdjo B , Asjari H Y 
Published: April 2018

Abstract
The Indonesian economic indicators shown a positive progress in the last three years, Foreign exchange reserves position of the end of March 2017 stood at US $ 121.8 billion higher than the position of the end of 2015 amounted to US $ 105.9 billion of the end of 2015. This reserve would ensure the resilience and maintaining sustainable Indonesian economic growth in the future. Although Indonesia’s foreign exchange is better, the structure of expenditure in the country is still less than ideal due the proportion of spending of consumer goods is far greater than the capital goods and tend to be unproductive spending. This needs to be regulated so that in the long term does not cause balance of payments deficit. Therefore, Indonesian Central Bank took a policy to raise interest rates for retail banks from 6% to 7.25% per annum gradually up to present. Policies relating to the interest rates on loans are intended to reduce the proportion of debt financing of consumer goods, however, these policies have implications to various economic sectors and one of those is property sector. A lot of research has been conducted related the impact of loan interest to the property sector but most of it is still in partial related to the ability the people to buy. However, this research has tried to see the implication of the macro Economic Policy of Indonesian Central Bank to the property sector as a systemic problem. This paper is going to present the study on the effects of these policies on the property sector, especially residence house. To obtain a comprehensive analysis and capture the relationship between interest rate policies and their impacts to the property sector, in this study the model developed and simulated using system dynamic methodology as an approach. Various scenarios are applied to the model to get an accurate information about how and when the effectiveness of the policy related to the property sector can be enforced. The result of this study can be delivered to the policy maker as feed-back to improving the policies related the interest rate.
Surgical Resection With Radiation Treatment Planning of Spinal Tumors
Authors: Jakubovic Raphael , Ruschin Mark , Tseng Chia-Lin , Pejović-Milić Ana , Sahgal Arjun , Yang Victor X D 
Published: April 2018

Abstract

BACKGROUND
The clinical paradigm for spinal tumors with epidural involvement is challenging considering the rigid dose tolerance of the spinal cord. One effective approach involves open surgery for tumor resection, followed by stereotactic body radiotherapy (SBRT). Resection extent is often determined by the neurosurgeon's clinical expertise, without considering optimal subsequent post-operative SBRT treatment.

OBJECTIVE
To quantify the effect of incremental epidural disease resection on tumor coverage for spine SBRT in an effort to working towards integrating radiotherapy planning within the operating room.

METHODS
Ten patients having undergone spinal separation surgery with postoperative SBRT were retrospectively reviewed. Preoperative magnetic resonance imaging was coregistered to postoperative planning computed tomography to delineate the preoperative epidural disease gross tumor volume (GTV). The GTV was digitally shrunk by a series of fixed amounts away from the cord (up to 6 mm) simulating incremental tumor resection and reflecting an optimal dosimetric endpoint. The dosimetric effect on simulated GTVs was analyzed using metrics such as minimum biologically effective dose (BED) to 95% of the simulated GTV (D95) and compared to the unresected epidural GTV.

RESULTS
Epidural GTV D95 increased at an average rate of 0.88 ± 0.09 Gy10 per mm of resected disease up to the simulated 6 mm limit. Mean BED to D95 was 5.3 Gy10 (31.2%) greater than unresected cases. All metrics showed strong positive correlations with increasing tumor resection margins (R2: 0.989-0.999, P < .01).

CONCLUSION
Spine separation surgery provides division between the spinal cord and epidural disease, facilitating better disease coverage for subsequent post-operative SBRT. By quantifying the dosimetric advantage prior to surgery on actual clinical cases, targeted surgical planning can be implemented.