bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Burden of HCV among Prevalent Hemodialysis Patients after National Egyptian HCV Eradication Program in El-Dakhlia Government
Authors: Sarhan Iman Ibraheim , ELSharkawy Magdy Mohamed , El Gaafary Maha Mohamed , Taher Hendam Doaa Mohammed , Abdelwahab Sanad Khaled Gouda 
Published: November 2024

Abstract

Background
Egypt has aimed to treat 250000 people annually up to 2020 in the first phase of their treatment program aiming at reducing the number of viremic patients, thus limiting the ongoing HCV transmission. Egypt is struggling to eliminate HCV and HCV-related morbidity by 2030.

Aim and Objectives
to measure the frequency rate of HCV infection among ESRD patients and identify the reasons of un-treatment among those who were offered the treatment free of charge.

Subjects and Methods
This multi-center cross sectional study included 500 patients receiving hemodialysis sessions on regular basis for more than 3 months in Dakahlia Governorate, patient recruitment from November 2022 to April 2023.

Result
According to patients` medical history we found that, 23.4% of patients had previous HCV infection from them 12.6% received treatment and 10.8% didn`t receive treatment due to several causes as one patient didn`t know about the drug availability, five patients (1%) fear from occurrence of side effects, 43 patients (8.6%) didn`t need treatment and five patients (1%) had other causes as had contraindication of drugs, non-compliance and deterioration of health status. Also, 20.4% of patients had been informed that they completely recovered and 0.8% had recurrence. After investigations, 1% of patients had positive HbsAg, 23.4% had positive HCV Ab, 4.2% positive HCV PCR.

Conclusion
The low prevalence of HCV among hemodialysis patients of HCV in HD patients confirm that HCV infection doesn’t become a major health problem among patients on maintenance HD.
Testosterone Levels in Egyptian Men Type 1 Diabetic Patients and Their Association with Diabetic Nephropathy
Authors: Maher Mahdy Maram Mohamed , Ali Hendawy Laila Mahmoud , Neseem Mina Mechaiel , Saleh Amr Mahmoud Mohamed , Abd Eltawab Mohamed Hadeer Osama 
Published: November 2024

Abstract

Background
Type 1 diabetes is a chronic illness characterized by the body's inability to produce insulin due to the autoimmune destruction of beta cells in the pancreas. It can develop in adults and is often onset in childhood.

Aims and Objectives
To identify testosterone levels in Egyptian men with type 1 diabetes with and without nephropathy and identify its correlation with micrcoalbuminuria.

Subjects and Methods
This study was case control study conducted at Diabetes outpatient clinic at Ain Shams University Hospital. The study was performed on diabetic subjects aging above 20 years old. The study was included 120 patients with diabetes divided into 3 groups: 40 cases with type 1 diabetes and diabetic nephropathy, 40cases with type 1 diabetes without diabetic nephropathy, 40 Healthy males as a control group.

Result
Testosterone levels were higher in patients with T1D than in healthy controls. Total testosterone levels were significantly higher in T1DM patients with diabetic nephropathy compared to those without diabetic nephropathy. Sex hormone-binding globulin showed no association with T1DM or diabetic nephropathy.

Conclusion
The current study showed that testosterone levels were higher in patients with T1D than in healthy controls. Total testosterone levels were significantly higher in T1DM patients with diabetic nephropathy compared to those without diabetic nephropathy.
Effect of Intra-Dialytic Exercise Onhemodialysis Session Adequacy and Solutes Clearance and Rebound in Prevalent Hemodialysis Patients
Authors: Elshinnawy Howaida Abdelhamid , Elsayed Hisham Mohamed , Hebah Hayam Ahmed , Abdelmohsen Waleed Anwar , Farrag Dina Abou-bakr , Abdelgawad Mostafa Abdelnasier 
Published: November 2024

Abstract

Background
Hemodialysis is an indispensable therapeutic intervention for patients with end-stage renal disease (ESRD). However, it has certain limitations in managing the reduction in physical functionality and cardiovascular fitness. On the other hand, intradialytic exercise has demonstrated potential in enhancing health-related quality of life (HRQOL) and cardiopulmonary fitness in patients with chronic kidney disease who are undergoing maintenance hemodialysis.

Aim of the Work
This study aimed to investigate the impact of intra-dialytic exercise on the efficiency of hemodialysis sessions, the clearance of various solutes, and solute rebound in patients with ESRD receiving regular hemodialysis.

Patients and Methods
The study included forty adult ESRD patients undergoing regular hemodialysis, divided into two groups: Group 1 (intra-dialytic exercise program) and Group 2 (no intra-dialytic exercise program). Clinical characteristics were matched between the groups to ensure unbiased findings.

Results
The intra-dialytic exercise group showed significantly lower blood urea nitrogen levels and higher urea reduction ratio (URR%) compared to the control group. Equilibrated Kt/V (eKt/V) values were also higher in the exercise group, suggesting more efficient dialysis treatment. In terms of minerals, the exercise group had reduced phosphorus levels and higher phosphorus reduction rate (Po4 RR%) compared to the control group. However, no significant difference was found in potassium levels between the groups.

Conclusion
The findings support previous research on the positive effects of intra-dialytic exercise on dialysis efficacy and electrolyte management. Intra-dialytic exercise may enhance waste product clearance and improve overall health outcomes in ESRD patients.
Association of Hand-Grip Strength and Non-Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease Index in Older Adults
Authors: Baiomy Essam , Abdo Ahmed Abbas , Radwan Shrouk Hamed Abdelwahab 
Published: November 2024

Abstract

Background
The association between grip strength (GS) and non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) has been reported by recent epidemiological studies, however, the results of these studies are inconsistent.

Aim of the Work
Verification of the association between hand-grip strength and indicators of non- alcoholic hepatic steatosis and fibrosis in older adults.

Patients and Methods
A total of 110 older adults who had their diagnosis of NAFLD (hepatic steatosis and fibrosis) that confirmed by non-invasive method and attended or admitted to the Hepatology Unit were enrolled. Calculation of fatty liver index and NAFLD score for all patients was performed.

Results
There was statistically significant association between significant hepatic fibrosis and FLI and hand-grip strength; FLI was elevated (positive correlation) and hand-grip strength was decreased (negative correlation). Presence of significant hepatic fibrosis was statistically significant associated with decreased ALT and platelet levels (negative correlation) and increased AST/ALT ratio and GGT levels (positive correlation).

Conclusion
There is significant clinical evidence that the HGS is inversely associated with the incidence of NAFLD. NAFLD can be associated with muscular impairment in older adults, as demonstrated by lower muscle strength.
Relation between Vitamin D and Idiopathic Generalized Epilepsy in Children
Authors: Ahmed Nahed Salah eldin , Elsayed Lobna Mohamed Elnabil , Nada Maha A , shehab Abeer Alsayed Ali , Aboshady Eman Mones Mahmoud Ibrahim , ELKordy Aya M 
Published: November 2024

Abstract

Objectives
This study aimed to explore vitamin D status among children with generalized idiopathic epilepsy and comparing it with healthy control and follow up after 3months for cases with deficient and insufficient vitamin D serum level.

Subjects and Methods
The study was carried on forty epileptic children (2-16 years old) and forty age and sex matched healthy control subjects. Serum vitamin D level as well as parathormone level was performed for all patients and control subjects and follow up after 3months for cases with deficient and insufficient vitamin D serum level.

Results
There was a statistically significant difference between patients and control regarding family history(0.04) and febrile convulsions(P value&lt;0.001). there was also a statistically significant difference between patients and control regarding ionized calcium (P value&lt;0.001) and vitamin D status (p value = 0.043). There was also a statistically highly significant difference regarding serum vitamin D level in deficient and insufficient cases before and after 3months (P value&lt;0.001) moreover, there was a statistically significant difference regarding frequency of seizure in deficient and insufficient cases before and after 3months (p value = 0.02). Patients with insufficient serum vitamin D levels had a significant lower age at onset of epilepsy than patients with deficient or normal levels (p value=0.046). Both vitamin D level and family history were found to be a significant predictor for developing IGEs in children (P value &lt;0.001) for both.

Conclusion
Vitamin D deficiency is prevalent in treatment children with idiopathic generalized epilepsy and it is associated with increased frequency of seizures and lower age at onset of epilepsy. We recommend measuring and correction of vitamin D deficiency and follow up insufficient and deficient cases who have IGEs with EEG as it is a relatively cheap and easy method that might improve seizure control hand in hand with administering AEDs.
Impact of Letrozole on Prevention of Early Onset Ovarian Hyperstimulation Syndrome in GnRH Antagonist Protocol: A Randomized Controlled Trial
Authors: Al Saidi Fatma Gamal Mohamed , Kholy Abdellatif Galal El , Gomaa Ihab Adel , Abbas Ahmed Mohamed 
Published: November 2024

Abstract

Background
Ovarian hyperstimulation syndrome (OHSS) is a risk associated with assisted reproductive technology. There is a link between higher incidences of OHSS and higher blood estrogen levels. With its strong, targeted, and reversible inhibition of aromatase and E synthetase, the nonsteroidal aromatase inhibitor letrozole can prevent the conversion of androgens into estrogens.

Methods
Study populations were divided into two equal groups: Group I: Consisted of 85 women who received controlled ovarian stimulation with a conventional antagonist protocol and letrozole. Group II: Consisted of 85 women who received controlled ovarian stimulation with a conventional GnRH antagonist protocol and a placebo.

Results
There were statistically significant differences among the groups in terms of Estradiol level on Trigger Day (p = 0.037), Number of oocytes retrieved (p = 0.018). The total days of stimulation and cumulative Gonadotropin dose were significantly lower in the Letrozole group (p = 0.045). There were no significant differences between the groups as regard endometrial thickness at trigger day, number of fertilized oocytes, fertilization rate, embryos transferred per cycle, and fresh embryos transferred, mild and critical early onset OHSS, Cycle cancels, Biochemical pregnancy, and Clinical pregnancy between the two groups (P &gt; 0.05). There was a significant difference as regard moderate and severe early onset OHSS between the two groups (P &lt; 0.05).

Conclusion
We've concluded that for PCOS patients facing a high risk of OHSS, supplementing the GnRH-ant protocol with LE offers a safer, more effective, cost-efficient, and patient-friendly approach compared to the traditional GnRH-ant protocol. The use of LE alongside conventional protocols might alleviate severe forms of OHSS, even among those at extreme risk, without compromising the potential for implantation, pregnancy, and delivery
Frontal Lobe Growth Impairment in Fetuses with Congenital Heart Disease Using Ultrasound Parameters; A Comparative Cross-Sectional Study
Authors: Sakna Noha A , Mohamed Mourad M A , Nasr El din Mohamed H , Zeinhom Ahmed M 
Published: November 2024

Abstract

Background
There is evidence; in neonates with critical congenital heart disease CHD, that the abnormal hemodynamics do not affect all brain regions similarly, with the frontal lobe growth being more severely impaired, especially in cases with univentricular heart anatomy.

Aim and Objectives
To assess whether fetuses with congenital heart disease (CHD) have smaller frontal brain areas compared with normal controls.

Subjects and Methods
This Cross-sectional study was conducted at Ain Shams University Maternity Hospital (Fetal Medicine unit). The study group included 280 women, 140 women whose fetuses are normal and the other 140 women whose fetuses suffered congenital heart disease using ultrasonography. Measuring the distance from the internal edge of the frontal bone to the posterior edge of the CSP (measured in-to-in), i.e the frontal lobe anteroposterior diameter (FAPD), which was assumed to be representative of the area of the frontal lobes; measuring of the occipitofrontal diameter (OFD), (also measured in-to-in), from the internal edge of the frontal bone to the internal edge of the occipital bone. The ratio of these two measurements, calculated as FAPD/OFD×100 and referred to as ‘FAPD/OFD ratio’, represents the reference index that was used in this investigation to assess the growth of the frontal component of the fetal brain in relation to the growth of the whole brain. Fetal echocardiography was done for both groups to assess the cardiac anomalies.

Result
There was a statistically significant difference between the studied groups regarding History of CHD. the FAPD/OFD ratio was significantly smaller in both the group of left-heart lesion or univentricular heart and the group of all other CHDs, compared with normal fetuses (P &lt; 0.0001), with no statistically significant difference between the two CHD groups. There was no statistically significant difference between the studied groups regarding comparison between surgical history, co-morbidities and Correlation of frontal anteroposterior diameter (FAPD), occiptofrontal diamter (OFD) and FAPD/OFD ratio with the other studied parameters in all cases except in gestational age and CNS anomalies.

Conclusion
Fetuses with CHD have a shorter FAPD and a smaller FAPD/OFD ratio compared to normal fetuses. This impaired growth of the frontal area of the brain seems to occur in all types of CHD, regardless of their impact on the hemodynamics.
A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of the Diagnostic Accuracy of Endometrial Sampling Tests for Detecting Endometrial Cancer
Authors: Sakna Noha , Elgendi Marwa , Salama Mohamed , Zeinhom Ahmed , Labib Somia , Nabhan Ashraf 
Published: November 2024

Abstract

Objectives
to determine the diagnostic accuracy of different endometrial sampling tests for detecting endometrial carcinoma.

Design
a systematic review and meta-analysis of studies of diagnostic accuracy.

Eligibility Criteria
We included published diagnostic test accuracy studies of women, of all ages, who had an endometrial sampling for preoperatively detecting endometrial cancer with verification using histopathology of hysterectomy specimens as the reference standard. We excluded case control and case series studies.

Information Sources
We searched the Cochrane library, MEDLINE/PubMed, CINAHL, Web of Science, and Scopus from the date of inception of the databases to January 18, 2023. We did not apply any restrictions on language or date of publication. We searched the references of included studies and other systematic reviews.

Risk of Bias
We extracted study data and assessed study quality using the revised quality assessment tool for diagnostic accuracy studies (QUADAS-2).

Synthesis of Results
We used bivariate diagnostic random-effects meta-analysis and presented the results in a summary receiver operating characteristic curve. We assessed the certainty of evidence as recommended by the GRADE approach.

Results
Twelve included studies, published between 1986 and 2022, recruited 1607 participants. Seven studies were low risk of bias in all domains and all studies had low applicability concerns. The most examined index tests were Pipelle and conventional dilation and curettage. For diagnosing endometrial carcinoma, the sensitivity, specificity, positive likelihood ratio, and negative likelihood ratio (95% confidence intervals), for Pipelle were 0.774 (0.565, 0.900), 0.985 (0.927, 0.997), 97.000 (14.000, 349.000), and 0.241 (0.101, 0.442) and for conventional dilation and curettage were 0.773 (0.333, 0.959), 0.987 (0.967, 0.995), 62.300 (18.600, 148.000), and 0.268 (0.042, 0.676); respectively.

Conclusion
High certainty evidence indicates that pre-operative endometrial sampling particularly using Pipelle or conventional curettage is accurate in diagnosing endometrial cancer. Studies assessing other endometrial sampling tests were sparse.

Systematic review Registration
Center for Open Science, osf.io/h8e9z
Carbetocin vs Oxytocin in Decreasing Intraoperative Blood Loss in Women Undergoing Caesarean Section
Authors: Abdelmegeed Abdelmegeed Ismail , Hussein Ahmed Mahmoud , Abbas Yomna Ayman Salah , ELDin Mansour Ahmed Mohammed Essam 
Published: November 2024

Abstract

Background
Primary postpartum haemorrhage (PPH) is a major cause of maternal mortality, accounting for 6% of all cases worldwide. PPH is defined as blood loss of 500 mL or more in vaginal delivery, or 1000 mL or more in cesarean delivery; these conditions can occur within the first 24 hours after delivery (primary PPH) or between 24 hours and 6 weeks after delivery (secondary PPH).

Objective
To compare Carbetocin vs Oxytocin in decreasing intraoperative blood loss in women undergoing Caesarean section.

Patients and Methods
This was a randomized controlled clinical trial that was conducted in Ain Shams University Maternity Hospital (ASUMH) on Women undergoing Ceaserean section attending Ain Shams Maternity Hospital.

Results
Need for other uterotonics & Incidence of PPH were higher in intervention (A) who received oxytocin compared to intervention (B) who received carbetocin with P value (&lt;0,001&&lt;0,001). There was no statistically significant difference between the two interventions as regards Hb drop and total estimated blood loss.

Conclusion
The current study showed that the use of Carbetocin and oxytocin were safe and effective in decreasing intra and postoperative blood loss in women undergoing planned cesarean section. The use of Carbetocin resulted in significantly decrease the need for other uterotonics & decrease risk of PPH compared to oxytocin alone.
Meta-Analysis Study for the Best Surgical Techniques for Secondary Intraocular Lens Implantation in Complicated Cataract Surgeries
Authors: Salman Abd El Rahman G , El zankalony Yasser A , Fawzy Samah M , Mostafa Moustafa E , Ahmed Sarah Amr Ashmawy 
Published: November 2024

Abstract

Background
The most appropriate location to implant intraocular lenses (IOL) is the interior of the capsular bag, but in complicated cataract surgeries, procedures of secondary IOL implantation are associated with insufficiency or absence of this anatomic structure. In these cases, the IOL must be fixated at alternative sites of the eye globe, e.g., the iris or the sclera.

Aim of the Work
to compare different surgical IOL implantation techniques for best correction of aphakia, postoperative visual acuity, acquired astigmatism and least complications as corneal decompensation, glaucoma and angle support.

Methodology
This systematic review included a discussion of all available studies meeting the eligible criteria including: well conducted descriptive studies, cohort, articles, accepted manuscripts, clinical trials, analytic studies and the literature of reviews, technical notes. An extensive search of electronic literature located 291 studies; 160 duplicates were removed and 131 of which were eliminated after the title and abstract were reviewed.

Results
This study demonstrated a statistically significant change in the mean BCVA improvement in all techniques when comparing the baseline to one and three month follow up after operation, though with no statistically difference between the three techniques as A final corrected distance visual acuity of 6/12 or better was achieved in (65%) implanted with an AC-IFIOL, in (44.3%) with anRP-IFIOL, and (18.1%) with an SF-PCIOL(two studies only taken in consideration). At six month follow up all groups showed no significant difference in the BCVA compared to the baseline and along the follow up periods. There is no significant loss in mean ECD in all groups. Regarding IOP elevation it was more in scleral fixated and anterior chamber IOL than that in retropupillary IOL, and glaucoma was the second most common complication in secondary IOL implantation after anterior chamber reaction.

Conclusion
AC-IFIOL, RP-IFIOL, and SF-IFIOL were similar in visual efficacy and mean corneal endothelial cell loss. Although IOP elevation was significantly higher in the SF- PCIOL group than in the other groups, other rates of complications were similar between the groups.
Fixation of Tibial Plateau Fractures Type 5,6 by Ilizarov Apparatus: A Systematic Review of Outcomes and Complications
Authors: AbouSeif Salah , Kotb Mohamed Ismail , Abass Ahmed Magdy Abdel Fattah 
Published: November 2024

Abstract

Background
Complex proximal tibial fractures especially tibial plateau are one of the most challenging problems in fracture surgery. Treatment of complex tibial plateau fractures remains difficult. The soft tissue component to the injury necessitates careful timing of surgical fixation in order to minimize wound complications.

Objective
To compare the 2 Methods of fixation in management of Tibial plateau fractures (Schatzker type V & VI) as regards many aspects including but not limited to; superficial infection, deep infection, osteoarthritis, Functional & Radiological outcome, compartemental syndrome& postoperative stiffness.

Patients and Methods
Search results was conducted to systematic review management software and manually screened for eligibility to be included. Comparing Ring fixator and ORIF in outcomes and complications for treatment of high-energy fractures (Schatzker type V&VI) of the proximal tibia.

Results
The results showed that Ilizarov had a higher proportion of cases with excellent functional results compared to ORIF (57.1% vs 24.3%). In addition, the proportion of cases with poor functional results was lower in the Ilizarov group compared to the ORIF group (6.1% vs 25.7%). This revealed a significant difference between the two surgical techniques (p-value = 0.001), indicating that Ilizarov was associated with better functional outcomes compared to ORIF. These findings suggest that Ilizarov may be a more effective surgical technique for achieving better functional outcomes in patients with limb injuries. However, it is important to note that the included studies had some limitations, such as small sample sizes and potential biases. Further studies with larger sample sizes and more rigorous methodologies are needed to confirm these findings and to provide more conclusive evidence on the comparative effectiveness of Ilizarov and ORIF.

Data Sources
Medline databases (PubMed, Medscape, ScienceDirect. EMF-Portal) and all materials available in the Internet till 2022.

Conclusion
This meta-analysis reviewed and compared the outcomes of two different surgical techniques, Ilizarov and ORIF, in treating limb injuries. The results showed that there was no statistically significant difference between the two techniques in terms of superficial infection, deep infection, osteoarthritis, compartmental syndrome, and stiffness. However, ORIF had a faster time to radiographic union compared to Ilizarov. In terms of functional outcomes, Ilizarov was associated with better outcomes compared to ORIF. These findings suggest that Ilizarov may be a more effective technique for achieving better functional outcomes in patients with limb injuries. Nonetheless, the limitations of the included studies need to be considered, and further research with more robust methodologies is necessary to confirm these findings.