bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
3D Macroscopic Architectures from Self‐Assembled MXene Hydrogels
Authors: Shang Tongxin , Lin Zifeng , Qi Changsheng , Liu Xiaochen , Li Pei , Tao Ying , Wu Zhitan , Li Dewang , Simon Patrice , Yang Quan‐Hong 
Published: June 2019

AbstractAssembly of 2D MXene sheets into a 3D macroscopic architecture is highly desirable to overcome the severe restacking problem of 2D MXene sheets and develop MXene‐based functional materials. However, unlike graphene, 3D MXene macroassembly directly from the individual 2D sheets is hard to achieve for the intrinsic property of MXene. Here a new gelation method is reported to prepare a 3D structured hydrogel from 2D MXene sheets that is assisted by graphene oxide and a suitable reductant. As a supercapacitor electrode, the hydrogel delivers a superb capacitance up to 370 F g−1 at 5 A g−1, and more promisingly, demonstrates an exceptionally high rate performance with the capacitance of 165 F g−1 even at 1000 A g−1. Moreover, using controllable drying processes, MXene hydrogels are transformed into different monoliths with structures ranging from a loosely organized porous aerogel to a dense solid. As a result, a 3D porous MXene aerogel shows excellent adsorption capacity to simultaneously remove various classes of organic liquids and heavy metal ions while the dense solid has excellent mechanical performance with a high Young's modulus and hardness.
Diffusion–Freezing‐Induced Microphase Separation for Constructing Large‐Area Multiscale Structures on Hydrogel Surfaces
Authors: Lei Wenwei , Qi Shuanhu , Rong Qinfeng , Huang Jin , Xu Yichao , Fang Ruochen , Liu Kesong , Jiang Lei , Liu Mingjie 
Published: June 2019

AbstractHydrogels with multiscale structured surface have attracted significant attention for their valuable applications in diverse areas. However, current strategies for the design and fabrication of structured hydrogel surfaces, which suffer from complicated manufacturing processes and specific material modeling, are not efficient to produce structured hydrogel surfaces in large area, and therefore restrict their practical applications. To address this problem, a general and reliable method is reported, which relies on the interplay between polymer chain diffusion and the subsequent freezing‐induced gelation and microphase separation processes. The basic idea is systematically analyzed and further exploited to manufacture gel surfaces with gradient structures and patterns through the introduction of temperature gradient and shape control of the contact area. Moreover, the formed micro/nanostructured surfaces are exemplified to work as capillary systems and thus can uplift the liquid spontaneously indicating the potential application for anti‐dehydration. It is believed that the proposed facile and large‐area fabrication method can inspire the design of materials with various functionalized surfaces.
Photoredox‐Catalyzed Oxydifluoroalkylation of Styrenes for Access to Difluorinated Ketones with DMSO as an Oxidant
Authors: Li Lixin , Ma Yan‐Na , Tang Mi , Guo Jing , Yang Zhen , Yan Yizhe , Ma Xiantao , Tang Lin 
Published: June 2019

AbstractBy taking advantage of dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO) as an oxidant, the photoredox‐catalyzed alkene oxydifluoroalkylation for formal C(sp3)−CF2R and C(sp2)=O formation is disclosed for the first time. This difunctionalization reaction employs readily available styrenes as the substrates and bromodifluoro compounds as the difluoroalkylating reagents, which can afford the difluorinated ketones in acceptable yields with excellent regioselectivity. Experiments indicate that fac‐Ir(ppy)3‐catalyzed oxydifluoroalkylation can proceed smoothly under base‐free conditions in the presence of AgTFA.magnified image
Metal‐Free Carbocyclization of Homoallylic Silyl Ethers Leading to Cyclopropanes and Cyclobutanes
Authors: Zhang Jianbo , Hazra Chinmoy Kumar , Park Sehoon , Chang Sukbok 
Published: June 2019

AbstractWe have developed a Hosomi‐Sakurai type carbocyclization of homoallylic silyl ethers in reaction with silyl nucleophiles, catalyzed by Lewis acidic silylium salt. It offers cyclopropane and cyclobutane products with high efficiency and selectivity. A range of silyl nucleophiles could be engaged in this transformation to give small‐sized carbocycles incorporating allyl, allenyl, carbonyl, indole or thioether groups. Diastereoselectivity in the cyclobutane formation was observed to be dependent on the steric bulkiness of incoming nucleophiles.
A Condensation/Reductive Alkylation/Hydrogenation Cascade for Facile Synthesis of Chiral 2,3‐Disubstituted Indolines
Authors: Yu Chang‐Bin , Li Xiang , Zhou Yong‐Gui 
Published: June 2019

AbstractA divergent and enantioselective procedure for synthesis of 2,3‐disubstituted indolines was developed through Brønsted acid/palladium‐complex promoted condensation/reductive alkylation/ hydrogenation cascade reactions from simple amino ketones and aldehydes in one operation. Five Brønsted acid‐promoted steps and two Pd‐catalyzed hydrogenation steps were involved in this process. This strategy provides facile synthesis of structurally diverse multi‐substituted chiral indolines.
Catalytic Enantioselective Synthesis of Allylic Boronates Bearing a Trisubstituted Alkenyl Fluoride and Related Derivatives
Authors: Akiyama Sota , Kubota Koji , Mikus Malte S. , Paioti Paulo H. S. , Romiti Filippo , Liu Qinghe , Zhou Yuebiao , Hoveyda Amir H. , Ito Hajime 
Published: June 2019

AbstractThe first catalytic method for diastereo‐ and enantioselective synthesis of allylic boronates bearing a Z‐trisubstituted alkenyl fluoride is disclosed. Boryl substitution is performed with either a Z‐ or E‐allyldifluoride and is catalyzed by bisphosphine/Cu complexes, affording products in up to 99 % yield with >98:2 Z/E selectivity and 99:1 enantiomeric ratio. A variety of subsequent modifications are feasible, and notable examples are diastereoselective additions to aldehydes/aldimines to access homoallylic alcohols/amines containing a fluorosubstituted stereogenic quaternary center.
Self‐Assembly of Wireframe DNA Nanostructures from Junction Motifs
Authors: Huang Kai , Yang Donglei , Tan Zhenyu , Chen Silian , Xiang Ye , Mi Yongli , Mao Chengde , Wei Bryan 
Published: June 2019

AbstractWireframe frameworks have been investigated for the construction of complex nanostructures from a scaffolded DNA origami approach; however, a similar framework is yet to be fully explored in a scaffold‐free “LEGO” approach. Herein, we describe a general design scheme to construct wireframe DNA nanostructures entirely from short synthetic strands. A typical edge of the resulting structures in this study is composed of two parallel duplexes with crossovers on both ends, and three, four, or five edges radiate out from a certain vertex. By using such a self‐assembly scheme, we produced planar lattices and polyhedral objects.
A customized nuclear target enrichment approach for developing a phylogenomic baseline for Dioscorea yams (Dioscoreaceae)
Authors: Soto Gomez Marybel , Pokorny Lisa , Kantar Michael B. , Forest Félix , Leitch Ilia J. , Gravendeel Barbara , Wilkin Paul , Graham Sean W. , Viruel Juan 
Published: June 2019

PremiseWe developed a target enrichment panel for phylogenomic studies of Dioscorea, an economically important genus with incompletely resolved relationships.MethodsOur bait panel comprises 260 low‐ to single‐copy nuclear genes targeted to work in Dioscorea, assessed here using a preliminary taxon sampling that includes both distantly and closely related taxa, including several yam crops and potential crop wild relatives. We applied coalescent‐based and maximum likelihood phylogenomic inference approaches to the pilot taxon set, incorporating new and published transcriptome data from additional species.ResultsThe custom panel retrieved ~94% of targets and >80% of full gene length from 88% and 68% of samples, respectively. It has minimal gene overlap with existing panels designed for angiosperm‐wide studies and generally recovers longer and more variable targets. Pilot phylogenomic analyses consistently resolve most deep and recent relationships with strong support across analyses and point to revised relationships between the crop species D. alata and candidate crop wild relatives.DiscussionOur customized panel reliably retrieves targeted loci from Dioscorea, is informative for resolving relationships in denser samplings, and is suitable for refining our understanding of the independent origins of cultivated yam species; the panel likely has broader promise for phylogenomic studies across Dioscoreales.
Aqueous Phase Sensing of Fe3+ and Ascorbic Acid by a Metal–Organic Framework and Its Implication in the Construction of Multiple Logic Gates
Authors: Dalapati Rana , Biswas Shyam 
Published: June 2019

AbstractA new HfIV‐based metal‐organic framework with UiO‐66 topology was synthesized via a one‐step solvothermal method by using 3‐methyl‐4‐phenylthieno[2,3‐b]thiophene‐2,5‐dicarboxylic acid (H2MPTDC) as a ligand. The MOF material showed a high stability in a broad pH range (from pH 2 to pH 12) in an aqueous medium. The presence of hydrophobic methyl and phenyl substituents in the carboxylic acid ligand and strong Hf−O bond play crucial roles in its stability. The new MOF material was systematically characterized by various techniques such as XRPD, N2 sorption, thermogravimetric analyses and FT‐IR spectroscopy. The photophysical properties of the MOF material were also examined by steady‐state and time‐resolved fluorescence studies. It was observed that the blue fluorescence of the MOF material was selectively quenched in the presence of Fe3+ ion in pure aqueous medium. A mechanistic study disclosed that quenching occurs via a strong inner filter effect (IFE) arising from Fe3+ ion in aqueous medium. Interestingly, the fluorescence of the MOF material can be recovered by elimination of the IFE of Fe3+ ion via reduction of Fe3+ ion by ascorbic acid (AA). Based on the fluorescence recovery by AA, a MOF based on‐off‐on probe was developed for the sensing of Fe3+ ion and AA in aqueous medium. Inspired by this reversible sensing event, we demonstrate basic (NOT, OR, YES, INHIBIT and IMP) and higher integrated logic operations utilizing this fluorescent MOF. This MOF‐based logic systems could be potentially used for next‐generation logic‐gate based analytical applications as well as for the detection and discrimination of targeted molecules in various complex domains.
Brücken in Lateinamerika – die Geschichte
Authors: Bühler Dirk 
Published: June 2019

AbstractDiese Betrachtung der Geschichte des Brückenbaus in Lateinamerika beginnt mit der vorspanischen Zeit, als die Hochkulturen der Azteken und Mayas in Mittelamerika und der Inkas in den Andenländern erblühten. Die Baustoffe aus der Natur wurden mit geschickten Techniken zum Bauen verwendet. Aus Steinplatten wurden Kraggewölbe gefertigt; Lehmziegel wurden beim Pyramidenbau eingesetzt; Naturfasern aus Gras, Schilf, Lianen wurden zu tragfähigen Seilen geflochten oder zu Schwimmkörpern gebündelt; Holz und Bambus ermöglichten Balkenkonstruktionen.Mit dem Eintritt der Spanier in die Geschichte des Kontinents kommen ab 1492 mit den – bis dahin mangels Rohstoffen unbekannten – Werkzeugen aus Eisen auch neue Bautechniken hinzu, die von der einheimischen Bevölkerung gerne als Verbesserung aufgenommen wurden: Jetzt werden auch Steinbögen beim Bau von Brücken und Aquädukten eingesetzt und europäische Zimmertechniken ermöglichen neue Holzkonstruktionen.Die ab 1810 einsetzenden Unabhängigkeitsbewegungen gingen Hand in Hand mit den technischen Neuerungen der industriellen Revolution und der ersten Globalisierungswelle um 1900. Der Aufbau eines Eisenbahnnetzes ist ein entscheidendes Merkmal dieser vom Baustoff Eisen bestimmten Zeit.Heute ist der Kontinent wie selbstverständlich Teil unserer auch im Technischen globalisierten Welt.
Integrating Fast Potential‐Fringe Battery Reactions for High‐Voltage Battery‐Supercapacitor Hybrid Energy Storage Systems
Authors: Xiao Ziwei , Wang Shengping , Yan Xiaojun , Liu Congcong , Zhao Xiaoli , Yang Xiaowei 
Published: June 2019

AbstractThe emerging of aqueous battery‐supercapacitor hybrid systems (BSH) promises the combination of the excellent rate performance of supercapacitors and the capacity superiority of batteries. However, the energy density of such systems is still limited by an unsatisfying electrochemical window and the absence of voltage plateaux. To address this point, we herein propose a “potential fringe” strategy, which features a kinetically widened stable potential window and a high voltage plateau. Under this strategy, we remarkably promote the energy density of BSH by utilizing two fast battery reactions at the potential nearly below the hydrogen evolution reaction in the anode and the potential nearly above the oxygen evolution reaction in the cathode: reduced graphene oxide (rGO) hydrogel films act as the cathode and TiO2@rGO hydrogel films act as the anode with LiOH/K4Fe(CN)6 as the electrolytes. Through coupling the two fast potential‐fringe reactions – a metal cation insertion/extraction in the TiO2 electrode and a reversible redox reaction of [Fe(CN)6]4−/[Fe(CN)6]3− in the cathode, the alkaline BSH reaches a high voltage of 2 V with a discharge voltage plateau of 1.55 V. Compared with the 6.2 Wh kg−1 and 20.3 Wh kg−1 for the rGO//rGO system at 1.2 V and TiO2@rGO//rGO system at 1.7 V in LiOH/KOH electrolyte, the system delivers a high energy density of 70.4 Wh kg−1 at a power density of 2.90 kW kg−1.
A modular laboratory course using planarians to study genes involved in tissue regeneration
Authors: Ochoa Stacy D. , Dores Michael R. , Allen John M. , Tran Tuan , Osman Maryan , Vázquez Castellanos Nidia P. , Trejo JoAnn , Zayas Ricardo M. 
Published: June 2019

AbstractUndergraduate research experiences are excellent opportunities to engage students in science alongside experienced scientists, but at large institutions, it is challenging to accommodate all students. To address and engage a larger number of students, we developed a modular laboratory course based on the course‐based undergraduate research experiences model. This new course was integrated with the scientific aims of a research laboratory studying the cellular and molecular mechanisms underlying tissue regeneration in planarians. In this course, students were asked to identify genes with roles in planarian biology. Students analyzed and cloned an assigned gene, determined its expression pattern in situ and examined its function in regeneration. Additionally, we developed critical thinking and scientific communication skills by incorporating activities focused on critical concepts. Students obtained high quality primary data and were successful in completing and mastering the course learning outcomes. They benefitted by developing basic research skills, learning to perform, trouble‐shooting experiments, reading and critically analyzing primary literature, and using the information to defend and explain their experimental results. Through this course, students also increased their confidence and ability to perform independent scientific research. The course was designed to make it accessible to the community to implement and adapt as appropriate in diverse institutions. © 2019 International Union of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, 47(5):547–559, 2019.
Business case of corporate social responsibility: A case study on Columbia Garments Limited in Bangladesh
Authors: Akterujjaman S.M. , Saha Swapan Kumar , Hossain Md. Arafat 
Published: June 2019

AbstractThis paper provides insight into the business case of corporate social responsibility (CSR) at Columbia Garments Limited in Bangladesh. Therefore, the study analyses how CSR practices have resulted in an increased financial and nonfinancial performance of this factory. Qualitative data were collected from primary sources through observation and in‐depth interview with the key person who is directly involved with CSR planning and implementation in the company. Secondary data were collected from annual reports, books, articles, periodicals of different domestic, and international agencies. Based on these considerations, a questionnaire and an interview were used as data collection methods. The result showed that the overall cost of the organization increased because of CSR implementation, but the company benefited financially in the long run through reduced labor turnover rate, increased workers' efficiency, increased audit quality, enhanced productivity, and motivated employees.
Pericardial tamponade due to erosion of a Figulla Flex II device after closure of an atrial septal defect
Authors: Abe Tadaaki , Tsukano Shinya , Tosaka Yuko 
Published: June 2019

AbstractWe present a case of an 8‐year‐old boy suffering from sudden‐onset severe chest pain and cardiogenic shock due to cardiac tamponade caused by erosion of a Figulla Flex II device. His symptoms developed 4 days after transcatheter closure of an atrial septal defect. After emergent pericardiocentesis, surgery was performed to remove the device, close the atrial septal defect, and repair the laceration in the anterior‐superior wall of the right atrium and the perforation on the aortic wall adjacent to the right atrial free wall perforation site. All surgical procedures were successful, and the patient was discharged without sequelae. Although there have been few reports on the erosion of this flexible device, a lethal complication can occur when the right‐sided disc of the oversized device impinges perpendicularly on the aortic wall.
Tris(2,2’‐bipyridyl)ruthenium(II)‐Nanomaterial Co‐Reactant Electrochemiluminescence
Authors: Chen Lichan , Wei Jingjing , Chi Yuwu , Zhou Shu‐Feng 
Published: June 2019

AbstractSearching biocompatible electrochemiluminescence (ECL) co‐reactants for tris(2,2’‐bipyridyl)ruthenium(II) (Ru(bpy)32+), a classical ECL reagent, has attracted extensive attention to expanding its analytical applications and improving sensing performances. Advances in nanomaterial science promote the discovery of novel co‐reactants and new enhancement mechanisms for Ru(bpy)32+ ECL. In this Minireview, we discuss the current progress in Ru(bpy)32+‐nanomaterial co‐reactant ECL with an emphasis on enhancement mechanisms and sensing strategies developed. Four kinds of nanomaterials for Ru(bpy)32+ ECL enhancement are classified into two groups, according to the working mechanisms and presented in the order of novelty. Perspectives on the promises and challenges facing this field are also discussed.
Improved Modeling of Peptidic Foldamers Using a Quantum Chemical Parametrization Based on Torsional Minimum Energy Path Matching
Authors: Wacha András , Beke‐Somfai Tamás , Nagy Tibor 
Published: June 2019

AbstractThe increasing interest in novel foldamer constructs demands an accurate computational treatment on an extensive timescale. However, it is still a challenge to derive a force field (FF) that can reproduce the experimentally known fold while also allowing the spontaneous exploration of other structures. Here, aiming at a realistic reproduction of backbone torsional barriers, the relevant proper dihedrals of acyclic β2‐, β3‐ and β2,3‐amino acids were added to the CHARMM FF and optimized using a novel, self‐consistent iterative procedure based on quantum chemical relaxed scans. The new FF was validated by molecular dynamics simulations on three acyclic peptides. While they resided most of the time in their preferred fold (>80 % in helices and >50 % in hairpin), they also visited other conformations. Owing to the CHARMM36m‐consistent parametrization, the proposed extension is suitable for exploring new foldamer structures and assemblies, and their interactions with diverse biomolecules.
High Resolution Imaging of Mouse Embryos and Neonates with X‐Ray Micro‐Computed Tomography
Authors: Hsu Chih‐Wei , Kalaga Sowmya , Akoma Uchechukwu , Rasmussen Tara L. , Christiansen Audrey E. , Dickinson Mary E. 
Published: June 2019

AbstractIodine‐contrast micro‐computed tomography (microCT) 3D imaging provides a non‐destructive and high‐throughput platform for studying mouse embryo and neonate development. Here we provide protocols on preparing mouse embryos and neonates between embryonic day 8.5 (E8.5) to postnatal day 4 (P4) for iodine‐contrast microCT imaging. With the implementation of the STABILITY method to create a polymer‐tissue hybrid structure, we have demonstrated that not only is soft tissue shrinkage minimized but also the minimum required time for soft tissue staining with iodine is decreased, especially for E18.5 to P4 samples. In addition, we also provide a protocol on using commercially available X‐CLARITYTM hydrogel solution to create the similar polymer‐tissue hybrid structure on delicate early post‐implantation stage (E8.5 to E14.5) embryos. With its simple sample staining and mounting processes, this protocol is easy to adopt and implement for most of the commercially available, stand‐alone microCT systems in order to study mouse development between early post‐implantation to early postnatal stages. © 2019 by John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
Exposure–Response Analyses of Upadacitinib Efficacy in Phase II Trials in Rheumatoid Arthritis and Basis for Phase III Dose Selection
Authors: Mohamed Mohamed‐Eslam F. , Klünder Ben , Camp Heidi S. , Othman Ahmed A. 
Published: June 2019

The relationships between upadacitinib, an oral selective Janus kinase 1 inhibitor, plasma exposures, and its efficacy (assessed by the American College of Rheumatology 20%/50%/70% responses over time) in moderate‐to‐severe active rheumatoid arthritis (RA) were characterized using data from 574 patients, on background methotrexate and inadequate response to methotrexate or anti‐TNF therapy, from two phase II trials conducted with twice‐daily dosing of an immediate‐release formulation. The developed time‐continuous Markov models were used to simulate efficacy of once‐daily (q.d.). regimens of upadacitinib extended‐release incorporating sources of uncertainty. Upadacitinib plasma concentrations associated with 15 and 30 mg extended‐release q.d. doses were predicted to achieve that plateau of response across RA subpopulations. Results from these analyses provided the rationale that supported selection and de‐risked evaluation of upadacitinib extended‐release doses for the first time in >4,000 patients in five large phase III trials.
The transition from amalgam to other restorative materials in the U.S. predoctoral pediatric dentistry clinics
Authors: Kateeb Elham T. , Warren John J. 
Published: June 2019

AbstractIncreased concerns about the safety of amalgam restorations in children have resulted in many dental schools emphasizing the teaching of alternative dental materials. This study investigated the current teaching of different dental materials for use in posterior teeth in the United States predoctoral pediatric dentistry programs. In 2011, the authors invited the chairs of the predoctoral pediatric dentistry departments in all accredited dental schools at that time (N = 57) to participate in an internet‐based survey. Descriptive statistics were calculated to describe the frequency of using different restorative materials. Regression models were developed to explore the factors related to the use of dental restorations in predoctoral pediatric clinics. Among the 44 dental schools that responded (77% response rate), 74% used amalgam, and 93% used composite in primary posterior teeth. Glass ionomer was used by 61% of the schools in primary posterior teeth. Placing amalgam in primary posterior teeth was associated with programs that treated more 3–5‐year‐old patients (β = .302, p < .043), whereas the use of glass ionomer was associated with having students serving at off‐site satellite dental clinics (β = .015, p < .012). In general, having departments with chairs who had positive attitudes towards Minimal Invasive Dentistry (MID) used composite (β = .091, p < .0001) and glass ionomer (β = 103, p < .0001) more frequently and were less likely to use amalgam (β = −.077, p < .005) in primary posterior teeth. Although teaching MID concepts in predoctoral pediatric clinics in dental schools is increasing, the use of amalgam in posterior primary and permanent teeth is still widely practiced.