bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Regional Space Strategy and Zero-energy Engineering Strategy: An Analysis of “In-Between Nature” for Solar Decathlon China 2018
Authors: Shaosen WANG , Feng SHI , Shurui YAN , Hong CHEN 
Published: October 2019

Abstract
With an analysis of the project “In-Between Nature” for SDC2018 that got 3rd place in the competition, this paper explored a combined approach to achieve zero-energy consumption building: space strategy learning from local architecture prototypes which is mainly passive, and engineering strategy which covers life-cycle of the building. During the competition, statistics such as temperature, humidity, energy produced and consumed are measured, proving that this combined strategy is feasible and the house has achieved the goal of zero-energy in Dezhou during early August, when the temperature and humidity is highest of a year.
Adaptive comfort assessment for different thermal insulations for building envelope against the effects of global warming in the mid-western Brazil
Authors: Lalesca Aparecida da Guarda Emeli , Gabriel Elaise , Mansuelo Alves Domingos Renata , Cleonice Durante Luciane , Julio Apolonio Callejas Ivan , Carlos Machado Sanches João , Andrade Carvalho Rosseti Karyna de 
Published: October 2019

Abstract
The consequences of global warming have gained worldwide importance, also in the scope of built environment when related with the thermal comfort conditions of users. In this way, the objective of this research is to analyse the effects of global warming on the hours of thermal comfort of dwellings, with different thermal insulators in the external walls, considering the emission scenario A2 of the Fourth Assessment Report (AR4) of the IPCC. The methodological procedures consist of four stages: preparation of climate files for Future Scenarios (2020, 2050 and 2080) from the base climate file (base scenario); definition of a dwelling for study object (Tbase); preparation of thermal insulating intervention proposals, such as: EPS (T1), rock wool (T2) and glass wool (T3) and evaluation of thermal comfort conditions using the adaptive thermal comfort method. The results indicate that the air temperature increases by 21.5% and the relative air humidity reduces by 22% until the 2080 scenario if compared to the base scenario. From these new conditions, the percentages of Tbase comfort hours suffer a reduction of 63.61%, increasing the hours of heat discomfort by 98.48%, in the scenario of 2080 in relation to the base scenario. With the adoption of insulation, the T1 typology presented comfort hours of 58.4%, reducing to 17.9%. However, typologies T2 and T3 presented similar behaviour, with 27.2% of hours in comfort and 67.4% of hours in heat discomfort, in the 2080 scenario in relation to the baseline scenario. Therefore, it can be concluded that typologies T2 and T3 presented greater resilience to the effects of global warming, but it is necessary to incorporate constructive interventions to absorb the impacts of climate changes and provide better conditions of thermal comfort.
Optimization of low signature base bleed propellant formulations
Authors: Youssef Ehab M , Elshenawy Tamer , Mostafa Hosam E , Radwan Mostafa , Elbeih Ahmed 
Published: October 2019

Abstract
Base bleed (BB) projectile is one of the choices to minimize projectile base drag leading to 30% range extension. The secondary smoke resulting from the burning of BB is considered to be one of the drawbacks of the BB and it is an essential factor in detecting the projectile flight towards the target. Based on intensive ICT formulations results, optimization study has been carried out using design expert software to optimize the base bleed formulations that can produce minimum amount of secondary smoke with the lowest flame temperature and higher impulse. The optimized base bleed propellant formulations, that have been found, were those of 10.27 and 7.02 % for both RDX/AP and Mg/AP ratios respectively. The experimental preparation and testing of the optimized two base bleed types showed lower values of secondary smoke by 16% and 55% for RDX/AP and Mg/AP ratios respectively when tested experimentally alongside the baseline base bleed reference composition.
Performance characteristics of modified HMX-gun propellants
Authors: Elbeih Ahmed , Wafy Tamer Z. , Elshenawy Tamer , Hussein Ahmed K. , Abd-Elghany Mohamed , Hammad Sara M. , Yehia Mohamed 
Published: October 2019

Abstract
Nitramines explosive, HMX, was used for preparation of gun propellant formulations based on slurry technique. Acrylonitrile butadiene rubber (NBR) was used as a polymer for coating HMX crystals in addition to the traditional Nitrocellulose matrix. Ballistic performance of the compositions was evaluated on the basis of closed vessel test. Heat of combustion was also measured using a calorimetric bomb. Impact and friction sensitivities of the prepared compositions in addition to the ignition temperature were also determined. The obtained results reveal that gun propellant compositions based on approximately 50 percent HMX could provide relatively high performance and relatively suitable sensitivity for its application as gun propellant.
Factors affecting irradiation of nano & micro materials by laser treatment industrial unit
Authors: Ahmed Hebatalrahman 
Published: October 2019

Abstract
This work presents an industrial unit for hardening and treatment of nano-materials and micrometers to improve their physical, chemical and mechanical properties by exposing them to laser radiation. The treatment process is carried out through the laser treatment industrial unit. It is composed of circular metal base with motor, rectangular holder, moving sides. The sample installation cavities which are metal joints that widen and shrink according to sample dimensions by incorporating the cavities vertically and moving the sides, the unit has black front and back barrier to prevent lasers with bottom cavity to store the black barrier. Scaling must be compatible with laser diameter or width; the unit has partition barriers and fixing arms to control the process. Laser and unit are operated to complete the treatment, method is physical process, the laser beam go through treated material without being absorbed or interact by transparent material, the treated nanomaterials or short fibres were collected. The samples were exposed to Nd -YAG third harmonic generation and Argon ion CW laser. The hardness was measured before and after laser irradiation. The current work will present an application on the hardening of E-fibre glass 731ED 1/32″.The change in hardness were explained by raman spectroscopy. The research end with conclusions and recommendation for the expected application of the new treatment unit and method.
Process parameters optimization for producing AA6061/(Al2O3, Gr and Al2O3+Gr) surface composites by friction stir processing
Authors: EL-Eraki B R , EL-Sissi A R , Khafagi S M , Nada H S 
Published: October 2019

Abstract
The present study uses Al2O3, graphite and hybrid Al2O3 and graphite nanoparticles as reinforcement particles within AA 6061 to produce a surface composite metal matrix using multiple-pass FSP. The aim of this work is to investigate the effects of multi-pass FSP, type of reinforcement particles and effects of T6 post-treatments on the microstructure and mechanical properties (hardness, ultimate tensile strength, and elongation) of friction stir processed (FSPed) AA6061 alloy. The results show that; all the composites produced using alumina particles in matrix material have the highest ultimate tensile strength (213 Mpa). Increase in hardness of stir zone for FSPed samples was more pronounced with post heat treatment and essentially insignificant for variation in a number of passes. The process parameters were optimized using a Taguchi method. The most influential parameter was a type of reinforcement particles. The analysis of variance (ANOVA) used to evaluate the percentage contribution for each parameter.
Experimental verification of the parameters affecting the characteristics of mechanical and corrosion behaviour of conventional and high-speed remote scanner laser welding of stainless-steel joints
Authors: El-Aziz Ahmed. M. , Khier Mahmoud Abou El , Exner Horest 
Published: October 2019

Abstract
Nowadays technologies have huge assortment of welding processes are available and used in joining metals. The characteristics of the microstructures through weld zones, Scanning electron Microscope investigated the grain size before and after weld with the precipitates and the size and the extent of heat-affected zones (HAZ) will primary depend on: (1) the type of metals being joined, (2) the heat treatability of the material and welding velocity, (3) the classes of welding or joining processes used. The microstructure changes arising from welding will significantly affect the mechanical and the corrosion behaviour of the welded stainless steel. Because of lack of information which welding processes are the best method and the contradictory opinions regarding efficiency of different welding techniques. Accordingly, the present study has been undertaken to evaluate the mechanical and corrosion behaviour using different welding techniques, laser welding and conventional welding. Two welding techniques for Standard Austenitic stainless steel 1.4301(304) are presenting in this study: Case (I) gas tungsten arc welding (GTAW) or TIG; Case (II) High-speed remote scanner laser-welding.
Satellite battery sensor values prediction using Bayesian ridge regression models
Authors: Galal Mohamed A , Hussein Wessam M , Abdelkawy Ezz El-din 
Published: October 2019

Abstract
Proper mission control plays a key role in the lifetime of space mission operation, as it ensures that all resources are efficiently utilized when achieving mission goals. Ground control station operation mainly depends on received telemetry together with models simulating spacecraft`s subsystems. Created models help in raising the level of autonomy of MCC (Mission Control Center). Data driven models describe the actual state of the subsystem in real operation situations rather than theoretical costly physical models. This paper proposes data driven models for satellite battery subsystem based on Bayesian ridge regression algorithm. The ridge coefficients minimize a penalized residual sum of squares Thirty models of all thirty battery variables (capacitance, voltage, pressure and temperature) are built from normal operation data. Sensor reading value can be predicted from an observation of all other 29 values. Faults present in sensors or in system can be detected if predicted values are not equal to actual downloaded data from satellite. Bayesian ridge regression models are validated in terms of slope, intercept, R2-value, Q2 -value P-value and standard error.
Modeling of fixed wing UAV and design of multivariable flight controller using PID tuned by local optimal control
Authors: Mobarez Eslam Nabil , Sarhan Amr , Mahmoud Mohamed Ashry 
Published: October 2019

Abstract
Ultrastick-25e is an unmanned air vehicle fabricated by University of Minnesota. The traditional PI control was purposed for Ultrastick-25e in both longitudinal and lateral branches. Throughout this paper, PI and PID controllers are purposed for Ultrastick-25e in both longitudinal and lateral branches of linear and nonlinear model. Two tuning methods are utilized to enhance the autopilot response of Ultrastic-25e UAV. The autopilot system robustness is tested by measuring the capability of the controllers in rejecting the wind disturbances, and attenuating the noises generated from the sensors. The genetic algorithm optimizer is utilized as the first method for tuning the PI and PID controllers and enhance the performance and robustness of the system. The Local Optimal Control (LOC) is utilized as the second method for tuning the PI and PID after that. The essential contribution of this paper is utilizing local optimal control for tuning parameters of PI and PID on UAVs for the first time. The comparative study of the results assure the superiority of this tuning method over the other tuning methods used.
Review of challenges of the design of rocket motor case structures
Authors: Hossam I , Saleh Sh , Kamel H 
Published: October 2019

Abstract
This paper presents the state of the art and challenges in the design of rocket motor case structures RMCS it briefly describes the construction of RMCS then lists the different operational loads that govern its design. This is followed by a review of the different materials that are suitable for use. The inherent complexities of the design process using conventional and composite materials are discussed in details; the optimum design of RMCS is studied and summarized. Finally useful conclusions are summarized to serve as a guide to the researchers and designers in this field.
Assessment of AA7075/SiO2 surface composites fabricated by friction stir processing (FSP)
Authors: Abd El-Aziz M. H. , El-Shabasy A.B. , Ahmed M. M. Z. , Hassan H. A. 
Published: October 2019

Abstract
Friction stir processing (FSP) was developed based on the same principles of friction stir welding (FSW) mainly to enhance the surface properties of various materials and to produce surface composites. In this work surface composites of AA7075 as the metal matrix that reinforced with ultra-fine sized SiO2 particles were developed using FSP. A groove of 3 mm depth and 1.2 mm width was made on the surface of AA7075 to provide the highest reinforcement volume fraction on the produced surface composites. FSP tool with a square profiled tool pin of 3.5 mm pin length and of 5mm pin side was used. The FSP parameters used were 600 rpm and 50 mm/min. The developed surface composites were evaluated using different metallographic techniques to investigate the macro and micro features. Also the hardness profile was measured across the processed zone. The surface composites achieved by three consecutive passes of processing showed uniform particle distribution across the stirring zone of the surface composite. Moreover, the surface composite hardness was improved by 10-30% compared to the unreinforced alloy. The tool with a square profiled tool pin enables obtaining sound surface without any visible defects.
Ultra-wide band microstrip antenna for 4G applications
Authors: Abo sree Mohamed Fathy , Ibrahim Muhammad Aly , Swelam W. , Abd El-Azeem Mohamed H. , Hennawy Hadia El 
Published: October 2019

Abstract
Presently, there is an expanded activity for ultra-wideband (UWB) technology for use in a few present and future applications. UWB got an exceptional attention, particularly after the approval of utilizing the unlicensed band beginning from 3.1 to 10.6 GHz for commercial use. A compact ultra-wide band microstrip antenna is introduced in this paper. The antenna consists of dual elements each having a size of 24×24 mm∧2, while the total size is 58×24 mm2. A decoupling circuit is added to the design; afterwards the spacing between the elements is adjusted. The first element covers the range between 3.29 and 6.9 GHZ using the digital ground and the second antenna covers the frequency range from 8.76 GHz to 13.27 GHz using defective ground..This type of antenna is designed to be used for 4G applications. The antenna’s structure and the parametric study, including the reflection coefficients, gain, coupling and decoupling, will be discussed further in this work. In addition to that comparison of similar UWB antennas is done.
Soft sectored fractional frequency reuse in LTE-advanced networks
Authors: AbdelNaby Eman , Ali Ihab A. , El – Haleem Ahmed M.Abd , Hamed Hesham F. A. 
Published: October 2019

AbstractFractional Frequency Reuse (FFR) has been suggested as an Inter Cell Interference Coordination (ICIC) technique in Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiple Access (OFDMA), where the cell is separated into internal and external regions. The inner means that it is close to eNB, while the outer indicates closeness to the boundaries of the cell. The main idea of FFR is to divide the cell’s bandwidth into partitions for reducing the cell interference from both inner users and the adjacent cells. The FFR has three main types including Strict FFR, Soft FFR and Sectored FFR (SFFR). This work proposes a hybrid Soft Sectored Fractional Frequency Reuse (SSFFR), which analyzes the uplink worst case Signal to Interference power Ratio (SIR). In addition, the effect of power control exponent, path loss exponent and inner radius are studied, and SSFFR is compared with SFFR. Simulation results show that, the higher SIR achieved by outer-SSFFR, enables to enhance the cell edge transmission through interference management.
Performance, mechanical and thermal properties of double base rocket propellant including copper oxide as burning rate modifier
Authors: Abdel-Ghani Nour , Elbeih Ahmed , Helal Farag , Hammad Sara M. 
Published: October 2019

Abstract
In this work, different percentages of Copper oxide have been added to double base rocket propellant (DBRP) as burning rate modifier. A conventional DBRP has been prepared and studied for comparison. The mechanical properties at different temperatures were studied. The heat of combustion and ignition temperature of the samples were measured. The performance represented by the operating pressure and the burning rate were evaluated at 8mm throat diameters. The thermal behavior of the traditional DBRP in comparison with a selected composition containing copper oxide was discussed. It was concluded that the addition of copper oxide in DBRP has positive effect on the mechanical properties of the traditional DBRP while slight increase in the performance properties was observed.
Analytical and numerical studies of mass flux dispersed from tapered swirl atomizer with various nozzle cut profiles
Authors: Kayed Hatem 
Published: October 2019

Abstract
Spraying dispersed fluid by swirl atomizer into a main gas stream in order to obtain homogeneous blended flow within a restricted distance from the atomizer position is a significant issue. The dispersal of sprayed fluid mass-flux from the atomizer should be correlated to mass flux distribution of the main flow gas. Consequently, it is essential to control the distribution of liquid mass flux from the injector to match the distribution of main gas flux to attain perfect mixing with identical liquid/gas mass flux ratio all over the pipe. The present study examines the liquid mass flux pattern injected from tapered swirl atomizer having various cut shapes. A mathematical approach to circumferentially evaluate the outlet mass fraction distribution from generalized tapered nozzle cut was analyzed. The derived mass fraction distribution equation is dependent on the flow-angle, the cut-angle, and the arc-angle. A CFD simulation was performed to evaluate the flow angle at the outlet from the nozzle cut. The finding of the present work delivers a guide for researchers and engineers to the preferred injector cut profile to give the best mass flux uniformity. The simulated spray pattern relied on circumferential mass flux at nozzle outlet has been in great coincidence with what depicted by imaging. More studies could be performed to have the most appropriate cut shape of the injector with various flow profiles of the main gas stream.
Simulator design for low pressure plasma discharges in planar geometry
Authors: Radwan S , Saleh H , Bourham M 
Published: October 2019

Abstract
A design of a simulator code to determine the plasma characteristics in planar geometry discharges is presented. The experimentally obtained parameters are compared to the code predictions. The experimental plasma discharge characteristics were carried out using 99.99% nitrogen as the working gas at typical pressure values in the range 0.1–0.6 Torr. The simulator code was used to obtain the discharge current-voltage, showing compatibility with experimental values. The minimum breakdown voltage at the minimum gas pressure was also obtained. The relation between the discharge current at different anode-cathode distances was also determined.
Feature extraction from high resolution satellite images using K-means and colour threshold approach
Authors: ELsharkawy Ahmed S , Abdalla Mahmoud 
Published: October 2019

Abstract
In recent year developments in satellite sensors tend to the availability of high spatial and spectral resolution images. The motivation of this research paper is to obtain maximum benefits of different bands from high resolution satellite images in order to put into practice an image processing algorithm solution for extraction and classification of land cover and manmade objects can be used by non-professionals. In this research paper a novel approach for image classification is presented by applying k-means algorithm and colour threshold approach onto high resolution World View 2 (WV2) image. K-means algorithm is applied on a reflectance image to extract land cover classes and manmade objects based on a colour-based segmentation method. The proposed technique is applied through MATLAB environment. The user is asked to select few points of the desired classes and the algorithm do the rest and produce vector layers of the selected classes. The experimental results prove the effectiveness of our framework to enhance the quality of classification in aspects of computational time and precision. The preliminary results are considered promising.
Modeling and control of unstable mechanical systems using control moment gyro (CMG)
Authors: El-Aal A A , Roustom M , Hegaze M M , Ibrahim M 
Published: October 2019

Abstract
Stabilizing of statically unstable systems such as monorail trains and the Two-wheel bike is a wide area for research. In this work bike has been used as an unstable mechanical system. Control Moment Gyro (CMG) has been utilized as a control tool to a achieve stability of the proposed system. The proposed gyroscopic system consists of single degree of freedom gimbal and flywheel placed horizontally inside the bike frame. The gimbal angular velocity controlled by DC servo motor lay on a new control approach “Linear Quadratic Regulator Plus Integral Action (LQR+I) “. Matlab model was developed for the system using mathematical equations derived from nonlinear dynamics by using Lagrange’s method to obtain simulated system response and behaviour. Proportional Integral Derivative (PID) controller has been applied to simulated model and actual test rig to ensure the simulation validity, the study compares the three techniques of control (PID,LQR and LQR+I) in terms of settling time, overshoot and steady state error. “The simulation results are illustrated with the help of graphs and tables which significantly show superior performance and robustness of LQR + I over PID and LQR.
Intelligent feedback stabilization of MIMO systems based on additively decomposable property
Authors: Elkhatib Mohamed M. 
Published: October 2019

Abstract
Recently, stability of nonlinear multi-input, multi-output (MIMO) system has attracted a significant number of researchers specially, due to the large development in practical implementation of nonlinear system with uncertainty. In this paper, using additively decomposable property based on the structure of a LUR’E problem, an intelligent Takagi-Sugeno fuzzy block is added in the system feedback. The new proposed system includes all the system nonlinearities as result it grantees system absolute stability. A simulation result of the new algorithm for MIMO system is introduced.