bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Trait Emotional Intelligence and Its Correlates in Oman Medical Specialty Board Residents
Authors: Huseini Salim Al , Alawi Mohammed Al , Sinawi Hamed Al , Al-Balushi Naser , Jose Sachin , Al-Adawi Samir 
Published: August 2019

ABSTRACT

Background
As part of the globalization of medical education, residency programs in Oman have adopted competency-based standards by the Accreditation Council for Graduate Medical Education International (ACGME-I). Correctly perceiving the emotions of others and managing one's own emotions are essential to high-quality patient care.

Objective
We tested the reliability and construct validity of the Trait Emotional Intelligence Questionnaire–Short Form (TEIQue-SF), and assessed trait Emotional Intelligence (EI) in Oman Medical Specialty Board (OMSB) residents in multiple specialties. We explored for correlations with trainees' sociodemographic background data.

Methods
We conducted a cross-sectional, observational study between February and August 2017. Participants were OMSB residents. We administered the TEIQue-SF and collected sociodemographic data from participants. Multiple linear regression analysis was conducted to identify independent predictors of trait EI.

Results
The present cohort scored high in the trait EI subscale of Well-being, followed by Sociability, Self-control, and Emotionality. Among sociodemographic factors, female gender and high income were significant predictors of TEIQue-SF's Well-being subscale and high income and living in a rented home were significant predictors of the Sociability subscale.

Conclusions
This is the first study conducted among medical residents in Oman regarding trait EI and its correlates. Our findings of overall high EI and several socioeconomic predictors echo the literature on the assessment of EI in trainees. The findings add to the evidence of cross-cultural applicability of instruments to measure trait EI, and use assessments of EI in resident selection and education.
Putting Time in Perspective: An Integrated Graduate Medical Education Institutional Dashboard and Report Card
Authors: Andrada Jillian , Teo Joyce , Neo Joel , Yeo Helen , Leng Lim Boon 
Published: August 2019

ABSTRACT

Background
ACGME-I requires sponsoring institutions (SIs) to have systematic oversight of program performance. This was initially carried out through annual review, however, maintaining compliance became a challenge for a large SI like Singapore Health Services (SingHealth) as the number of residency programs grew from 5 to 34 in 3 years.

Objective
We assessed the impact of quarterly monitoring using a dashboard on graduate medical education (GME) program performance and institutional oversight.

Methods
In 2014, the SingHealth GME Committee (GMEC) approved the dashboard covering 13 indicators with implication on program performance, resident/faculty performance, and finance. Indicators were given color-coded scoring for compliance, borderline compliance, or concern. From annual reporting, periodicity was increased quarterly with reports distributed to program directors, head of department, and academic clinical programs.

Results
Since implementation, programs consistently met or exceeded compliance standards in 11 of 13 indicators (84%), with 7 indicators (63%) showing upward trends. Programs with borderline scores in particular quarters showed improvement in subsequent quarters. By 2015, percentage compliance for the 3 dimensions of residents' perspectives were 1 to 2 points higher than the national compliance average. Of 19 programs undergoing ACGME-I accreditation in 2014, only 4 had citations in the foundational requirement. Institutional citations were resolved, with 0 citations in the reaccreditation site visit in 2015.

Conclusions
For a large SI, increased periodicity of program performance reporting from annual to quarterly effectively addressed the gaps in a timely fashion. Institutional performance also improved through the use of quantitative data aligned with institution and national performance indicators.
Perceptions of the Learning Environment on the Relationship Between Stress and Burnout for Residents in an ACGME-I Accredited National Psychiatry Residency Program
Authors: Sum Min Yi , Chew Qian Hui , Sim Kang 
Published: August 2019

ABSTRACT

Background
High rates of burnout have been reported in physicians in training, with contributing factors including stress, lack of coping skills, and attributes of the learning environment. The interrelationships among these factors and how they affect versus mitigate burnout in an international cohort of residents have not been studied.

Objective
We examined the interrelationships between stress, perceptions of the learning environment, and coping strategies used in a cohort of psychiatry residents in Singapore, using burnout as the dependent variable. We hypothesized that perceptions of the learning environment and coping strategies influence the relationship between residency-related stress and burnout in psychiatry residents.

Methods
From June 2016 to September 2017, 67 of 75 (89%) psychiatry residents from a single program in Singapore were assessed on their levels of stress and burnout, perceptions of their learning environment (including role autonomy, teaching, and social support), and the coping mechanisms they used.

Results
Psychiatry residents in this Singaporean program perceived their overall learning environment to be positive. Perceptions of the learning environment, not coping strategies, significantly mediated the relationship between stress and burnout.

Conclusions
Findings from this study suggest that perceptions of the learning environment mediate the relationship between stress and burnout. Approaches to evaluate and improve resident perceptions of aspects of their learning environment may be an effective strategy to manage burnout in psychiatry residency programs.
An Internal Medicine Intern Retreat to Facilitate Transition to PGME and Promote Peer Interaction
Authors: Ghazal Nisrine , Akl Imad Bou , Aoun Roni , Ziadeh Nathalie , Houranieh Renee , Khalil Pierre Bou 
Published: August 2019

ABSTRACT

Background
Interns in the internal medicine program at American University of Beirut Medical Center (AUBMC) come from diverse educational backgrounds based on American, French, and Egyptian systems, similar to other settings in the Middle East. To help this diverse group of trainees integrate into their new role, the institution launched an intern retreat in 2014 and repeated the event 3 times to date.

Objective
We describe the experience with the AUBMC intern retreat and discuss the format and interns' perceptions of the benefits of the event.

Methods
The retreat was divided into workshops and team-building sessions. Workshop topics focused on communication, teamwork, time management, survival tips, patient-physician interaction, and resident well-being. Fun activities were meant to strengthen peer-to-peer relationship and included a treasure hunt, Jeopardy game, and basketball.

Results
Retreats took place in 2014, 2016, and 2017, and involved 72 of 102 interns (71%), as participation was optional. The 2015 retreat had to be canceled due to logistical problems. Of 72 eligible interns, 61 (85%) responded to the evaluation survey. The majority rated the activity as fun or interesting; sessions with the highest ratings included communication, patient-physician interaction, and resident well-being. There was unanimous agreement to make the retreat a yearly tradition. Each year, we collected feedback and made changes to further improve the retreat experience.

Conclusions
The retreat is now an established activity. In an institution that accepts interns from different backgrounds, the retreat has strengthened peer-to-peer relations, improved communication, and contributed to a collegial and supportive work environment.
Medical Careers and Motherhood: A Cross-Sectional Study of Hispanic Female Physicians
Authors: Lopez-Leon Sandra , Del Valle Cipatli Ayuzo , Salceda Alejandra Huante , Villegas-Pichardo Luz Odette , Scosyrev Emil 
Published: August 2019

ABSTRACT

Background
One factor many women consider when choosing a medical specialty is the plan to have children and the compatibility of their chosen specialty with motherhood.

Objective
We surveyed Hispanic female physicians who are mothers to collect demographic information, specialty choice, childbearing, and professional and personal life characteristics, along with respondents' suggestions for female physicians who want to start a family, and how hospitals and medical institutions could enhance their support of female medical staff members with children.

Methods
The questionnaire was fielded on an online forum for Hispanic female physicians who are mothers. We summarized data by frequency and percentages, and means and standard deviations.

Results
Common medical specialties of respondents included pediatrics, family medicine, and obstetrics and gynecology, and 19% did not report a medical specialty. Most respondents were married (72%), had 1 or 2 children (89%), and worked at a public hospital 5 days a week (51%). Forty-four percent reported they slept 6 or more hours a night. Differences among specialties included dermatologists, radiologists, and gynecologists reporting working more than other specialties (6 to 7 days a week), psychiatrists reporting greater use of psychiatric medications, and anesthesiologists reporting lower rates of marriage. Female surgeons and emergency medicine physicians reported the highest consumption of alcohol.

Conclusions
The results offer initial insights into how medical specialty choice may affect female physicians' work-life balance and can be used to provide guidance to female learners who plan to have a family.
The Bronze Age battlefield in the Tollense Valley &amp;#8211; conflict archaeology and Holocene landscape reconstruction
Authors: Lidke Gundula , Lorenz Sebastian 
Published: August 2019

Abstract. Archaeological discoveries in the Tollense Valley represent remains of a Bronze Age battle of ca. 1300–1250 BCE, documenting a violent group conflict hitherto unimagined for this period of time in Europe, changing the perception of the Bronze Age. Geoscientific, geoarchaeological and palaeobotanical investigations have reconstructed a tree- and shrubless mire characterised by sedges, reed and semiaquatic conditions with a shallow but wide river Tollense for the Bronze Age. The exact river course cannot be reconstructed, but the distribution of fluvial deposits traces only a narrow corridor, in which the Tollense meandered close to the current riverbed. The initial formation of the valley mire dates to the transition from the Weichselian Late Glacial to the early Holocene.
Uncertainty quantification of floodplain friction in hydrodynamic models
Authors: Dalledonne Guilherme Luiz , Kopmann Rebekka , Brudy-Zippelius Thomas 
Published: August 2019

Abstract. This study proposes a framework to estimate the uncertainty of hydrodynamic models on floodplains.
The traditional floodplain resistance formula of Pasche (1984) (based on Lindner, 1982) used for river modelling as well as the approaches of Baptist et al. (2007), Järvelä (2004), and Battiato and Rubol (2014) was considered for carrying out an uncertainty quantification (UQ).
The analysis was performed by means of three different methods: traditional Monte Carlo (MC), first-order second-moment (FOSM) and metamodelling.
Using a two-dimensional hydrodynamic model, a 10 km reach of the River Rhine was simulated.
The model was calibrated with water level measurements under steady flow conditions and then the analysis was carried out based on flow velocity results.
The compared floodplain friction formulae produced qualitatively similar results, in which uncertainties in flow velocity were most significant on the floodplains.
Among the tested resistance formulae the approach from Järvelä (2004) presented on average the smallest prediction intervals, i.e. the smallest variance.
It is important to keep in mind that UQ results are not only dependent on the defined input parameter deviations, but also on the number of parameters considered in the analysis.
In that sense, the approach from Battiato and Rubol (2014) is still attractive for it reduces the current analysis to a single parameter, the canopy permeability.
The three UQ methods compared gave similar results, which means that FOSM is the less expensive one.
Nevertheless it should be used with caution as it is a first-order method (linear approximation).
In studies involving dominant non-linear processes, one is advised to carry out further comparisons.
Patient Preferences for Plain Radiographs in the Setting of Atraumatic Shoulder Pain: Which Factors Influence Their Decision?
Authors: Lyudmer Michael , Levy Benjamin J. , Holtzman Ari J. , Sankaranarayanan Sriram , Tabeayo Eloy , Gruson Konrad I. 
Published: August 2019

Introduction:
Plain radiographs of the shoulder are routinely obtained for patients presenting with atraumatic shoulder pain, although the diagnostic utility of this imaging modality is unclear. Despite this, patients often prefer to obtain radiographs and may associate them with a more satisfactory visit.

Methods:
New patients presenting with atraumatic shoulder pain were provided with information regarding the potential advantages and disadvantages of plain radiographs as part of their visit. Patients then decided whether to receive radiographs and baseline patient demographics were collected. A detailed physical examination and history was performed by a fellowship-trained provider, and a preliminary diagnosis and tentative treatment plan was formulated. The radiographs were then reviewed to determine whether the diagnosis and treatment plan was altered by addition of the radiographs. Patients who opted for radiographs then reported whether they felt the radiographs aided in diagnosis and treatment and whether the addition of the radiograph influenced their visit satisfaction.

Results:
A total of 220 patients met the inclusion criteria. Overall, 121 patients (55%) requested a radiograph. The mean age was 57.1 ± 16.1 years (range, 18 to 91 years). Lack of bachelor's degree (odds ratio [OR], 2.8; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.2 to 6.2; P = 0.01), lack of previous contralateral shoulder pain (OR, 4.0; 95% CI, 2.0 to 8.2; P = 0.0001), and lack of a previous shoulder radiograph (OR, 8.4; 95% CI, 4.1 to 16.9; P < 0.0001) or MRI within the last 6 months (OR, 6.2; 95% CI, 1.4 to 26.8; P = 0.01) were independently associated with patient preference to obtain radiographs for atraumatic shoulder pain. Of the 121 patients who requested radiographs, 117 (96.7%) felt that radiographs improved their satisfaction.

Discussion:
Patients who obtained radiographs overwhelmingly reported its importance in improving visit satisfaction and diagnostic accuracy. Given the increasing emphasis on shared decision making, further study of patient factors influencing the decision to obtain routine radiographs will lead to more efficient practice management and potentially improved patient satisfaction.

Level of Evidence:
Level II (Diagnostic)
Prevalence of Incidental Benign and Malignant Lesions on Radiographs Ordered by Orthopaedic Surgeons
Authors: Velasco Brian T. , Ye Michael Y. , Chien Bonnie , Kwon John Y. , Miller Christopher P. 
Published: August 2019

Background:
Radiographs are the most commonly available diagnostic imaging modalities used to evaluate orthopaedic conditions. In addition to suspected findings based on the initial indication to obtain radiographic images, incidental findings may be observed as well, some of which may have notable medical and legal ramifications. This study evaluates the number of incidental findings reported from orthopaedic radiographs ordered in an academic orthopaedic multispecialty group over 1 year.

Methods:
A retrospective review was conducted of 13,948 eligible radiographs recorded at our institution over a 12-month period. Reports were categorized based on examination type. Incidental findings were categorized as having concern for possible malignancy versus likely benign conditions. The possibly malignant findings were then further subdivided into either bone or lung malignancies. The benign findings were subcategorized by etiology and anatomic location.

Results:
Thirteen thousand nine hundred forty-eight radiographs were evaluated, and 289 (2.07%) incidental findings were identified. The three study categories with the highest prevalence of incidental findings were spine (3.96%), leg length alignment (3.94%), and pelvic and hip (2.81%) radiographs. The three most common types of incidental findings identified were for possible malignancy or metastases in bone (30.1%), benign bone disease (24.9%), and gastrointestinal conditions (6.57%). Follow-up was recommended for 122 (42.2%) incidental findings.

Discussion:
This study describes the prevalence of incidental findings on orthopaedic radiographs in adults. Axial radiographs such as of the spine and pelvis are more likely to report an incidental finding as opposed to appendicular radiographs of distal extremities. The exception is leg alignment radiographs that include the entire lower extremity and pelvis and image a larger area of the body. Nearly one-third of incidental findings were suspicious for possible malignancy or metastases. Additional diagnostic workup with focused imaging is often recommended. This information is useful to orthopaedic surgeons who read their own radiographs (without formal radiologist interpretation) to increase awareness of common, concerning incidental findings that may be missed and warrant additional follow-up.

Level of Evidence:
Level III
Comparison of Harris Hip Scores and Revision Rates in Metal-on-Metal Versus Non–Metal-on-Metal Total Hip Arthroplasty
Authors: Frisch Nicholas B. , Rahman Tahsin M. , Darrith Brian , Patel Ishan , Silverton Craig D. 
Published: August 2019

Introduction:
This study compares functional outcome scores and revision rates between metal-on-metal (MoM) and non-MoM total hip arthroplasty patients.

Methods:
A cohort of 75 patients who underwent implantation of the same dual modular hip arthroplasty between the years of 2004 and 2010 was enrolled. Patients were subsequently evaluated in 2015 to 2017 for joint revision history and functionality, as measured by the Harris hip score (HHS). Patients requiring a revision arthroplasty were not included in the HHS analysis.

Results:
A total of 49 patients had MoM implants (65.3%), and 26 patients had non-MoM implants (34.8%). At a mean follow-up of 7.6 years, 10.2% (5/49) of MoM prostheses required revision, whereas 3.8% (1/26) of non-MoM prostheses required revision (P = 0.334). The mean HHS in the MoM cohort was 89.8, compared with 88.1 in the non-MoM cohort (P = 0.69).

Conclusion:
HHSs were not notably different between cohorts. The MoM cohort had three times as many revisions as the non-MoM cohort, but given the numbers available, this difference did not reach significance. Given the clinical importance of these revision data, further study is warranted to determine survivorship of the MoM versus non-MoM total hip arthroplasty at long-term follow-up.
Performance topics in harpsichord music in the second half of the 18th century – Part 1
Authors: Pilch Marek 
Published: August 2019

The present article is connected in terms of its topic with the text entitled Harpsichord or piano? Different concepts in the 18th century keyboard music published by the author in “Notes Muzyczny” no. 1 (9) 2018, and it is the continuation of the discussion on the capacities and ways of performance of music from the Classical period, which is now understood as piano music, on the harpsichord.
Subsequent parts will touch on peculiar performance topics connected with the role of the harpsichord in that period: the understanding and rendering of the dynamics, the performance of arpeggios, and the ornamentation. The starting point of the author’s deliberations is the textbook by Daniel Gottlob Türk entitled Klavierschule oder Anweisung zum Klavierspielen für Lehrer und Lernende mit kritischen Anmerkungen. (Leipzig, Halle 1789) and textbooks by other theoreticians of that period (J. J. Quantz, C. Ph. E. Bach), as well as modern publications (F. Neumann, C. Brown, S. Rampe, J. Trinkewitz).
The possibility of the rendering of the dynamics understood as the capacity to influence the strength of single sounds is not the necessary condition for performing keyboard compositions from the second half of the 18th century. Neither is it the feature placing keyboard instruments in any particular hierarchy of values. In the 18th century sources it is hard to find any opinions stating that harpsichords were perceived as worse than other keyboard instruments due to the impossibility of shaping the dynamics of individual sounds. The most significant remarks referring to the performance are the topics connected with expression. The dynamics is not the only mean thanks to which a performance becomes expressive. It is possible to play in an expressive way on the harpsichord, yet it is achieved thanks to articulatory measures, agogic nuances, the right way of hitting keys and the proper selection of texture while playing basso continuo.
MitochondrialDNA: Fate of the Paternal Mitochondrial Genome
Authors: St John Justin C , Sutovsky Peter 
Published: August 2019

AbstractThe mitochondrial genome encodes key proteins of the electron transfer chain, which generates the vast majority of cellular adenosine triphosphate through oxidative phosphorylation. This genome is normally transmitted to subsequent generations through the oocyte and is thus maternally inherited. Sperm mitochondrial deoxyribonucleic acid (mtDNA) is normally eliminated early during embryonic development, but this tends to be species specific. There are several interconnected mechanisms that could account for its elimination, including ubiquitin depended proteolysis, mtDNA digestion by a dedicated endonuclease and whole organelle autophagy/mitophagy. The elimination of sperm mitochondrial DNA is essential for the functional integrity of the embryo, and for the health, fitness and fertility of the offspring. Sperm mtDNA appears to harbour a large number of defects, whereas maternally inherited mitochondrial DNA rearrangements appear to be transmitted at a very low frequency. However, there is an increasing number of assisted reproductive technologies and therapies that could lead to the transmission of paternal/foreign mitochondrial DNA and this requires significant investigation.Key ConceptsMitochondria are semi‐autonomous energy‐producing organelles with their own genome (mitochondrial DNA/mtDNA) and transcriptional and translational machinery.Mitochondrial health influences fitness, health and fertility in humans and animals.In most animals and in humans, mitochondria and mitochondrial genomes are inherited clonally, from mother (the concept of ‘mitochondrial Eve’), though exceptions exist.Paternal mitochondria enter the oocyte at fertilisation but are eliminated soon thereafter by the ooplasmic autophagy/mitophagy machinery.Sperm‐borne (paternal) mitochondria are predestined for proteolysis and mitophagy as they are tagged with the recycling marker ubiquitin during the haploid phase of spermatogenesis.Elimination of paternal mitochondria is essential for an individual's health as it prevents the transmission of harmful mtDNA mutations and deletions.Paternal mitochondrial heteroplasmy caused by the leakage/recycling failure of sperm mitochondria after fertilisation has been associated with mitochondrial disease in humans.Some assisted reproductive therapies (ART) such as intracytoplasmic sperm injection (ICSI) may be liable to convey paternal mitochondrial leakage, though there is no consistent screening for it ART children.