bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
From digital citizen to digital professional
Authors: Marino Olga , Gutierrez Jaime Andres , Aguirre Sandra 
Published: April 2019

Purpose
This paper aims to propose and evaluate a pedagogically sound and innovative strategy to teach a higher education course that prepares future professionals to intelligently use information and communication technologies (ICTs) in their personal and professional lives.

Design/methodology/approach
The conceptual framework used for the design of the course was the socio-constructivism and activity theories. The implementation of the course was evaluated using the intrinsic case study methodology by including several instruments.

Findings
The pedagogical strategy proposed proved to be sound, as the evaluation showed that students were able to describe, use and propose innovative uses of a wide range of cutting-edge technologies in their both everyday lives and professional settings; they also had the skills to analyse the opportunities and challenges that these presented. Moreover, students liked this innovative way of learning and ended with a positive attitude towards ICT.

Originality/value
Although several courses prepare students to be digital citizens or use ICT to enhance the teaching-learning process, millennials are ill prepared to use cutting-edge technologies in an innovative, responsible and critical way in their future professions. The course that was designed is original in that it goes beyond preparing digital citizens to prepare professionals in any domain to use ICT in an informed and responsible way. Moreover, it is a documented, successful example of an undergraduate universal course in a highly important current society dimension. The authors believe that its pedagogical proposal could be transferred to courses dealing with other global issues such as the environment, economy and peace.
Investigating active users’ sustained participation in brand communities
Authors: Liang Ruoyu , Zhang Linghao , Guo Wei 
Published: April 2019

PurposeMembers’ sustained participation positively influences success of brand community. Although scholars have confirmed the effects of social capital on continuance intention in third-party hosted communities, little work has been done to explore these relationships in context of enterprise-sponsored brand communities, especially, the precursors of active members’ sustained participation in such context is still unclear. Besides, how to recognize active users with high precision and coverage remains an open question. Therefore, this paper aims to propose a novel method to identify active users effectively and investigate the antecedents of their continuance intention from perspective of social capital in enterprise-sponsored brand community.Design/methodology/approachThis work established several social networks based on the information of Xiaomi smartphone forum users’ posts and feedbacks. Node centrality (out-degree) analysis was adopted to identify the users with high degree of active in these networks, and then behaviour analysis was performed to exclude the community managers from the group of active users. Finally, a research model was proposed based on the theory of social capital. It was tested by applying partial least squares technique, and the data were collected from a survey of members (n= 327) of Xiaomi forum.FindingsThe empirical results showed that the proposed method can recognize the active users effectively. Additionally, social tie, identification, trust and shared vision were proved to be significant predictors of active users’ continuance intention in the context of enterprise-sponsored brand community.Originality/valueThis paper contributes to the information system usage literature and provides opinions regarding how social capital influence active users’ sustained participation in enterprise-sponsored brand community. Besides, this work proposed a novel method to identify active users, which will be useful to assist enterprises to improve their community management.
Unimodal productivity–diversity relationships among bacterial communities in a simple polar soil ecosystem
Authors: Geyer Kevin M. , Barrett John E. 
Published: April 2019

SummaryUnlike other macroecological principles, relationships between productivity and diversity have not been effectively tested for microbial communities. Here we describe an experiment in which the availability of resources to soil bacterial communities was manipulated in a model system, the McMurdo Dry Valleys of Antarctica. Mannitol additions were used to simulate a productivity gradient such that a response in bacterial biomass production, taxonomic diversity and functioning (e.g., enzyme activity) were induced. Resource amendment induced a positive linear response in microbial productivity (P < 0.001) but a unimodal (hump‐shaped) response in microbial diversity at multiple taxonomic scales (P = 0.035). Putative oligotrophic (e.g., phyla Nitrospirae and Cyanobacteria) and copiotrophic (e.g., phylum Proteobacteria) taxa were apparent through substantial community turnover along the resource gradient. Soil enzyme activity was inversely related to bacterial biomass but positively related to diversity, suggesting the latter may be a stronger control over enzyme‐mediated decomposition. The mechanisms behind this pattern are consistent with macroecological theory of a shift from environmental (e.g., stress tolerance) to biotic (e.g., competition) drivers with increasing resource availability. This evidence is among the first of its kind to document a significant unimodal productivity–diversity relationship for soil bacteria.
Incidence, risk factors, and a predictive model for lymph node metastasis of submucosal (T1) colon cancer: A population‐based study
Authors: Hu Dong Ya , Cao Bin , Li Shi Han , Li Peng , Zhang Shu Tian 
Published: April 2019

ObjectiveThis study aimed to assess the incidence, identify independent factors, and develop a lymph node metastasis (LNM) prediction model for patients with T1 colon cancer.MethodsStatistics were drawn from the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results database between 2004 and 2014. A multivariate logistic regression analysis was performed to determine independent predictors of LNM. A nomogram for predicting the possibility of LNM was developed based on those factors.ResultsA total of 5397 patients with T1 colon cancer were identified. The overall LNM rate was 15.0% (808/5397). A multivariate analysis showed that age (odds ratio [OR] 0.97, P < 0.001), tumor size (OR 1.01, P < 0.001), moderate (OR 1.77, P = 0.001) or poorly differentiated/undifferentiated tumor (OR 5.60, P < 0.001), right colon cancer (OR 1.39, P = 0.008), and a positive carcinoembryonic antigen level (OR 1.51, P = 0.004) were independent predictive factors for LNM. The area under the receiver operating characteristic curve was 0.68 (95% confidence interval [CI] 0.65‐0.71) in the training set and 0.65 (95% CI 0.61‐0.67) in the validation set. A calibration plot showed good consistency between the bias‐corrected prediction and the ideal reference line with 1000 additional bootstraps (mean absolute error = 0.007).ConclusionsThe incidence of LNM was high in patients with T1 colon cancer. A nomogram for predicting the probability of LNM for T1 colon cancer may be used to help determine the optimal treatment for these patients.
Turbulent flow artefact mimicking central pulmonary emboli in pulmonary hypertension: A report of two cases
Authors: Pascoe Heather M , Pascoe Diane , McCusker Mark W , Heinze Stefan B 
Published: April 2019

SummaryMany artefacts can mimic pulmonary emboli (PE) on CT pulmonary angiography (CTPA), most commonly in the peripheral pulmonary arteries (PA's). We describe flow‐related artefact mimicking PE in the central PA's of two patients, both with pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH). To our knowledge, this is the first report of this PE mimic in the central PA's.
Changes in the prevalence of asthma and respiratory symptoms in western Sweden between 2008 and 2016
Authors: Borna Eivind , Nwaru Bright I. , Bjerg Anders , Mincheva Roxana , Rådinger Madeleine , Lundbäck Bo , Ekerljung Linda 
Published: April 2019

AbstractBackgroundAsthma is a common chronic inflammatory disease of the airways, with a noticeable increase in prevalence during the second half of the 20th century. Recent studies assessing the prevalence trends among adults have been inconsistent. We investigated the changes in the prevalence of asthma, respiratory symptoms, and risk factors between 2008 and 2016 in western Sweden.MethodsThe West Sweden Asthma Study (WSAS) is a population‐based study which started in 2008 (WSAS I) and then repeated in 2016 (WSAS II) in western Sweden. Randomly selected individuals aged 16‐75 years (N = 18 087 in 2008 and N = 24 534 in 2016) completed a questionnaire regarding obstructive lung diseases, respiratory symptoms, potential risk factors, and also questions from the GA2LEN survey.ResultsThe prevalence of reported ever asthma, physician‐diagnosed asthma, use of asthma medication, and current asthma increased significantly from 9.6% to 11%, 8.3% to 10%, 8.6% to 9.8%, and 8.1% to 9.1%, respectively, between 2008 and 2016. There were also increases in the prevalence of respiratory symptoms during the same period. The greatest increase occurred in young adults aged 16‐25 years. Female gender, allergic rhinitis, obesity, and family history of asthma remained the strongest risk factors for asthma in 2016 as it was in 2008.ConclusionThere were moderate increases in asthma and respiratory symptoms in adults in western Sweden between 2008 and 2016, the greatest increase occurring in younger adults. The potential risk factors for asthma remained the same during the study period.
Meibography and corneal volume optical coherence tomography to quantify damage to ocular structures in children with blepharokeratoconjunctivitis
Authors: Al‐Hayouti Huda , Daniel Moritz , Hingorani Melanie , Calder Virginia , Dahlmann‐Noor Annegret 
Published: April 2019

AbstractPurposeTo evaluate non‐contact infrared meibography and anterior segment optical coherence tomography (AS‐OCT) to detect meibomian gland (MG) and corneal changes in children with blepharokeratoconjunctivitis (BKC).MethodsWe acquired infrared meibography images of upper and lower lids and AS‐OCT corneal scans. One masked observer graded meiboscore, full/partial MG dropout, and measured total corneal volume and differential corneal volume per quadrant and central corneal thickness (CCT).ResultsWe enrolled 63 children, 31 with BKC and 32 without ocular surface inflammation; median (interquartile range) age BKC 10.6 (7.2‐13.9) years, healthy volunteers (HV) 11.4 (9.5‐13.8) years. Likert scale scores for meibography and OCT indicate no to low discomfort. Meiboscores for upper and lower lids as well as the total meiboscore were significantly higher in children with BKC than in HV. Subscores for full and partial MG dropout were also significantly higher in children with BKC than in healthy volunteers. There was no statistically significant difference between upper and lower lid for meiboscore nor full/partial MG dropout scores. The corneal volume in the superior quadrant was significantly higher in children with BKC than in HV, whereas the corneal volume in the nasal and inferior quadrants was significantly lower.ConclusionsNon‐contact imaging technologies objectively demonstrate damage to meibomian glands and changes in corneal volume secondary to BKC. The tests are well tolerated by children with mild/moderate ocular surface inflammation and can detect changes without the requirement for routine eversion of the upper lid. These parameters may be useful both for clinical follow‐up and clinical trials.
Testing the divergent adaptation of two congeneric tree species on a rainfall gradient using eco‐physio‐morphological traits
Authors: Gorel Anaïs‐Pasiphaé , Steppe Kathy , Beeckman Hans , De Baerdemaeker Niels J. F. , Doucet Jean‐Louis , Ligot Gauthier , Daïnou Kasso , Fayolle Adeline 
Published: April 2019

AbstractIn tropical Africa, evidence of widely distributed genera transcending biomes or habitat boundaries has been reported. The evolutionary processes that allowed these lineages to disperse and adapt into new environments are far from being resolved. To better understand these processes, we propose an integrated approach, based on the eco‐physio‐morphological traits of two sister species with adjacent distributions along a rainfall gradient. We used wood anatomical traits, plant hydraulics (vulnerability to cavitation, wood volumetric water content, and hydraulic capacitance), and growth data from the natural habitat, in a common garden, to compare species with known phylogeny, very similar morphologically, but occupying contrasting habitats: Erythrophleum ivorense (wet forest) and Erythrophleum suaveolens (moist forest and forest gallery). We identified some slight differences in wood anatomical traits between the two species associated with strong differences in hydraulics, growth, and overall species distribution. The moist forest species, E. suaveolens, had narrower vessels and intervessel pits, and higher vessel cell‐wall reinforcement than E. ivorense. These traits allow a high resistance to cavitation and a continuous internal water supply of the xylem during water shortage, allowing a higher fitness during drought periods, but limiting growth. Our results confirm a trade‐off between drought tolerance and growth, controlled by subtle adaptations in wood traits, as a key mechanism leading to the niche partitioning between the two Erythrophleum species. The generality of this trade‐off and its importance in the diversification of the African tree flora remains to be tested. Our integrated eco‐physio‐morpho approach could be the way forward.
Does maternal attachment to her infant mediate the link between perceptions of infant crying at 6 months and parenting stress at 24 months? A structural equation modelling approach
Authors: Bailhache Marion , Doyle Orla , Salmi Louis‐Rachid , McDonnell Therese 
Published: April 2019

AbstractBackgroundParenting stress is influenced by many factors including maternal attachment and excessive infant crying, yet the nature of these relationships is not well understood. For example, excessive infant crying despite maternal soothing may impact maternal attachment to the child, leading to higher stress. This paper explored whether maternal perception of excessive infant crying at 6 months was associated with higher maternal parenting stress at 24 months, and whether maternal attachment mediated this relationship.MethodsAll families, present at 24 months in a randomized controlled trial of a 5‐year early intervention programme targeting school readiness skills in disadvantaged area of Ireland, were included. At 6 months, infant crying was assessed using a maternal reported measure of duration of infant crying, and maternal attachment to the infant was assessed using the Condon Maternal Attachment Scale. Parenting stress was assessed at 24 months using the childrearing stress subscale from the Parenting Stress Index. Structural equation modelling was used to explore the direct and indirect effects of maternal perceptions of excessive infant crying on parenting stress, controlling for infant, maternal, and environmental characteristics, and focusing on the mediating role of maternal attachment.ResultsReporting excessive infant crying at 6 months was associated with lower maternal attachment at 6 months, which led to higher parenting stress at 24 months. In addition, vulnerable adult attachment style, previous maternal mental health difficulties, low paternal education, paternal involvement with the child, and not being married were associated with higher parenting stress.ConclusionFindings suggest that the association between maternal perceptions of excessive crying at 6 months and later parenting stress may be mediated through maternal attachment to the infant. Interventions based on improving maternal attachment could be investigated to determine the effectiveness of supporting mothers with low attachment.
Nepal's civil war and the changing sources of income: The role of sectoral shifts and remittances in mitigation and recovery
Authors: Bansak Cynthia , Chezum Brian 
Published: April 2019

AbstractGiven the increased worldwide unrest and a large number of displaced individuals, understanding the economic impacts of civil war has been the subject of growing attention by academics and policymakers. The 10‐year civil war in Nepal from 1996 to 2006 provides an opportunity to assess the impact of civil unrest on income sources and remittance patterns. In this study, we examine the changes in household income generating processes over the period of the Nepali civilwar. Using survey data from the Nepal Living Standards Survey (NLSS) in 1995/1996 and 2010/2011, we observe household income and remittance patterns before and after the civil war. Specifically, we employ a difference‐in‐difference estimator that focuses on the heterogeneity in civil unrest within Nepal to examine how the civil war impacted the sources of household income. Within the context of a slower growth rate of income after the revolution for those in the hardest hit districts, we find that there was also a change in the composition of income sources. In particular, our results suggest that there was a shift from a reliance on wages in the nonagricultural sector to wages in the agricultural sector; that there was a shift from external remittances to internal remittances; and finally that home production—the market value of items produced and consumed within the household—may be taking the place of income in regions hit by unrest. “People living in zones of war are maimed, killed, and see their property destroyed. They may be displaced or prevented from attending school or earning a living. To the extent that these costs are borne unequally across groups, the conflict could intensify economic inequality as well as poverty. The destruction (and deferred accumulation) of both human and physical capital also hinder macroeconomic performance, combining with any effects of war on institutions and technology to impact national income growth. Understanding the economic legacies of conflict is important to the design of post‐conflict recovery” (Blattman & Miguel, 2010).
Neonatal amygdalae and hippocampi are influenced by genotype and prenatal environment, and reflected in the neonatal DNA methylome
Authors: Ong Mei‐Lyn , Tuan Ta A. , Poh Joann , Teh Ai L. , Chen Li , Pan Hong , MacIsaac Julia L. , Kobor Michael S. , Chong Yap S. , Kwek Kenneth , Saw Seang M. , Godfrey Keith M. , Gluckman Peter D. , Fortier Marielle V. , Karnani Neerja , Meaney Michael J. , Qiu Anqi , Holbrook Joanna D. 
Published: April 2019

AbstractThe amygdala and hippocampus undergo rapid development in early life. The relative contribution of genetic and environmental factors to the establishment of their developmental trajectories has yet to be examined. We performed imaging on neonates and examined how the observed variation in volume and microstructure of the amygdala and hippocampus varied by genotype, and compared with prenatal maternal mental health and socioeconomic status. Gene × Environment models outcompeted models containing genotype or environment only to best explain the majority of measures but some, especially of the amygdaloid microstructure, were best explained by genotype only. Models including DNA methylation measured in the neonate umbilical cords outcompeted the Gene and Gene × Environment models for the majority of amygdaloid measures and minority of hippocampal measures. This study identified brain region‐specific gene networks associated with individual differences in fetal brain development. In particular, genetic and epigenetic variation within CUX1 was highlighted.
Immunohistochemical expression of HIK1083 and MUC6 in endometrial carcinomas
Authors: Hodgson Anjelica , Parra‐Herran Carlos , Mirkovic Jelena 
Published: April 2019

AimsGastric‐type endocervical adenocarcinoma (EA) is characterised by aggressive behaviour and pathogenesis independent of human papillomavirus infection. Because of its morphology and frequent mutation‐pattern expression of p53, gastric‐type EA may be confused with several types of endometrial carcinoma, particularly in biopsy and curettage specimens. HIK1083 and MUC6 are immunohistochemical markers used to support a diagnosis of gastric‐type EA; however, the rates of expression of these markers in endometrial tumours are largely unknown. We therefore aimed to assess the expression of HIK1083 and MUC6 in a cohort of different types of endometrial carcinoma.Methods and resultsNinety‐one endometrial carcinomas (56 endometrioid, 16 clear cell, and 19 serous) from 91 patients treated with hysterectomy were included. A representative tumour block from each case was used for immunohistochemical staining with HIK1083 and MUC6. The percentage of stained cells (0–100%) and average staining intensity (weak, moderate, and strong) were recorded for both markers. None of 91 cases expressed HIK1083. In contrast, 66% (60/91) of cases showed at least focal expression of MUC6; importantly, 54 of 60 (90%) positive cases showed moderate or strong staining. Five of 60 (8%) cases showed MUC6 staining in ≥50% of tumour cells. Endometrioid tumours (49/56, 88%) were more likely to express MUC6 than cases of clear cell (1/16, 6%) or serous (10/19, 53%) carcinoma.DiscussionEndometrial carcinoma often expresses MUC6. In contrast, HIK1083 is consistently negative, and thus, when positive, is a more reliable marker for distinguishing gastric‐type EA from some of its endometrial mimics.
Social disorganisation theory and suicide
Authors: Moore Matthew D. 
Published: April 2019

AbstractEarly examinations of homicide and suicide by sociologists believed that the two forms of deviance were similar. However, the investigation into the exact association between homicide and suicide has been unexplored in more recent years. Yet studies examining homicide and suicide independently often illustrate that similar structural factors predict increases in both forms of deviance. At the same time, studies of homicide and suicide have shown an inverse relationship. Using data from the Center for Disease Control and Prevention and the US Census Bureau, the current analysis explores if factors predicting homicide can be applied to suicide, using social disorganisation theory as a guide. Multivariate regression analysis reveals that some of the same factors theorised by social disorganisation theory do predict increased levels of suicide. The current analysis demonstrates that theories of crime may be applied to suicide to gain a fuller understanding of the deviant act.