bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Numerische Bestimmung der Standsicherheit von Böschungen unter Erdbebeneinwirkung am Beispiel eines Erddamms im Zentrifugenversuch
Authors: Hleibieh Jamal , Herle Ivo 
Published: May 2019

AbstractDie Stabilität von Böschungen kann durch Erdbebeneinwirkungen stark beeinträchtigt werden. Obwohl das Böschungsverhalten unter Erdbeben sehr komplex ist, gehen die meisten Methoden in der Praxis von einer pseudostatischen Situation aus, bei der die dynamische Erdbebenwirkung durch eine zusätzliche statische Kraft ersetzt wird. In diesem Beitrag wird durch Nachrechnung eines Zentrifugenversuchs überprüft, inwieweit die pseudostatische Analyse das Versagen durch Unterschreiten des Grenzgleichgewichts abbilden kann. Anschließend wird das Potenzial der hypoplastischen Modelle durch eine dynamische Nachrechnung des Zentrifugenversuchs mit der Finite‐Elemente‐Methode (FEM) gezeigt. Weiterhin werden die mit der Hypoplastizität berechneten Ergebnisse dafür verwendet, eine Rückanalyse für die pseudostatische Methode durchzuführen. Damit lassen sich die Defizite dieser Methode veranschaulichen. Eine mögliche Kombination aus dynamischen FEM‐Berechnungen und der pseudostatischen Analyse zur Ermittlung eines realitätsnäheren Standsicherheitsfaktors wird diskutiert. Hierfür werden weitere dynamische Berechnungen mit einem elastoplastischen Stoffmodell durchgeführt.
Frontal atrophy as a marker for dementia conversion in Parkinson's disease with mild cognitive impairment
Authors: Chung Seok Jong , Yoo Han Soo , Lee Yang Hyun , Lee Hye Sun , Ye Byoung Seok , Sohn Young H. , Kwon Hunki , Lee Phil Hyu 
Published: May 2019

AbstractThis study aimed to investigate the cortical neural correlates of dementia conversion in Parkinson's disease with mild cognitive impairment (PD‐MCI). We classified 112 patients with drug‐naïve early stage PD meeting criteria for PD‐MCI into either PD with dementia (PDD) converters (n = 34) or nonconverters (n = 78), depending on whether they developed dementia within 4 years of PD diagnosis. Cortical thickness analyses were performed in 34 PDD converters and 34 matched nonconverters. Additionally, a linear discriminant analysis was performed to distinguish PDD converters from nonconverters using cortical thickness of the regions that differed between the two groups. The PDD converters had higher frequencies of multiple domain MCI and amnestic MCI with storage failure, and poorer cognitive performances on frontal/executive, memory, and language function domains than did the nonconverters. Cortical thinning extending from the posterior cortical area into the frontal region was observed in PDD converters relative to nonconverters. The discriminant analysis showed that the prediction model with two cortical thickness variables in the right medial superior frontal and left olfactory cortices optimally distinguished PDD converters from nonconverters. Our data suggest that cortical thinning in the frontal areas including the olfactory cortex is a marker for early dementia conversion in PD‐MCI.
The molecular landscape of the University of Michigan laryngeal squamous cell carcinoma cell line panel
Authors: Mann Jacqueline E. , Kulkarni Aditi , Birkeland Andrew C. , Kafelghazal Judy , Eisenberg Julia , Jewell Brittany M. , Ludwig Megan L. , Spector Matthew E. , Jiang Hui , Carey Thomas E. , Brenner J. Chad 
Published: May 2019

AbstractBackgroundLaryngeal squamous cell carcinomas (LSCCs) have a high risk of recurrence and poor prognosis. Patient‐derived cancer cell lines remain important preclinical models for advancement of new therapeutic strategies, and comprehensive characterization of these models is vital in the precision medicine era.MethodsWe performed exome and transcriptome sequencing as well as copy number analysis of a panel of LSCC‐derived cell lines that were established at the University of Michigan and are used in laboratories worldwide.ResultsWe observed a complex array of alterations consistent with those reported in The Cancer Genome Atlas head and neck squamous cell carcinoma project, including aberrations in PIK3CA, EGFR, CDKN2A, TP53, and NOTCH family and FAT1 genes. A detailed analysis of FAT family genes and associated pathways showed disruptions to these genes in most cell lines.ConclusionsThe molecular profiles we have generated indicate that as a whole, this panel recapitulates the molecular diversity observed in patients and will serve as useful guides in selecting cell lines for preclinical modeling.
Customer concentration, institutions, and corporate bond contracts
Authors: Liu Chenyan , Xiao Zuoping , Xie Hong 
Published: May 2019

AbstractWe examine the effect of customer concentration, the quality of institutions, and their interaction on corporate bond contract terms in China. We find that higher customer concentration is associated with higher bond spreads, shorter bond maturity, and more bond covenants. In contrast, better institutions are associated with lower bond spreads, longer bond maturity, and fewer bond covenants. Moreover, we find that the adverse or unfavourable association between customer concentration and bond contract terms is weakened for firms operating within better institutions or for firms whose ultimate owners are the Central Government of China. Furthermore, the adverse association between customer concentration and bond contract terms is more pronounced when a supplier's major customers have lower switching costs or when the supplier has made more relationship‐specific investments. Finally, our main results are robust to controls for endogeneity concerns and other sensitivity checks. Overall, our findings suggest that bondholders view customer concentration as a risk factor but better institutions as a protection.
A rapid knowledge‐based partial supervision fuzzy c‐means for brain tissue segmentation with CUDA‐enabled GPU machine
Authors: Sriramakrishnan Padmanaban , Kalaiselvi Thiruvenkadam , Somasundaram Karuppanagounder , Rajeswaran Rangasami 
Published: May 2019

AbstractThe proposed work aims to quicken the magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) brain tissue segmentation process using knowledge‐based partial supervision fuzzy c‐means (KPSFCM) with graphics processing unit (GPU). The proposed KPSFCM contains three steps: knowledge‐based initialization, modification, and optimization. The knowledge‐based initialization step extracts initial centers from input MR images for KPSFCM using Gaussian‐based histogram smoothing. The modification step changes the membership function of PSFCM, which is guided by the labeled patterns of cerebrospinal fluid portion. Finally, the optimization step is achieved through size‐based optimization (SBO), adjacency‐based optimization (ABO), and parallelism‐based optimization (PBO). SBO and ABO are algorithmic level optimization techniques in central processing unit (CPU), whereas PBO is a hardware level optimization technique implemented in GPU using compute unified device architecture (CUDA). Performance of the KPSFCM is tested with online and clinical datasets. The proposed KPSFCM gives better segmentation accuracy than 14 state‐of‐the‐art‐methods, but computationally expensive. When the optimization techniques (SBO and ABO) were included, the execution time reduces by 13 times in CPU. Finally, the inclusion of PBO yields 19 times faster than the optimized CPU implementation.
Pharmacokinetic Analysis and Biomarker‐Assisted Safety Assessment of Acetaminophen in Combination With Ojeok‐san Compared With Acetaminophen Alone
Authors: Park Sang‐In , Park Ji‐Young , Lee Ji Hyun , Park Mun Su , Lee Kyung‐Tae , Yim Sung‐Vin , Yoon Young‐Ran , Kim Bo‐Hyung 
Published: May 2019

AbstractAcetaminophen and Ojeok‐san are both frequently used analgesics. In this study, we evaluated acetaminophen pharmacokinetics (PK) and changes in microRNA‐122 (miR‐122) levels after multiple dosing of acetaminophen with or without Ojeok‐san. An open‐label, 1‐sequence, 2‐period, 2‐treatment crossover study was conducted in 18 subjects. In period 1, 500 mg of acetaminophen was administered 3 times on day 1 and once on day 2. In period 2, after the administration of 14.47 g of Ojeok‐san twice on day 2 and 3 times daily on days 3 to 7, Ojeok‐san and acetaminophen were coadministered 3 times each on day 8 and once each on day 9. The geometric mean ratios (90% confidence intervals) of acetaminophen with Ojeok‐san to acetaminophen alone were 0.98 (0.87 to 1.10) and 1.02 (0.98 to 1.05) for the maximum plasma concentration (Cmax) and the area under the plasma concentration‐time curve during the dosing interval (AUC0‐τ), respectively, of acetaminophen at steady state. The alanine aminotransferase (ALT) levels were within the reference range in all the participants throughout the study period, although the mean fold changes in both serum miR‐122 and ALT levels from baseline tended to increase on days 2 to 5. In conclusion, the PK properties of acetaminophen were not significantly affected by Ojeok‐san coadministration. For osteoarthritis patients taking acetaminophen with or without Ojeok‐san, monitoring potential liver toxicity using miR‐122 as a biomarker may be useful.
Screening of heterogeneous catalysts for the activated persulfate oxidation of sulfamethoxazole in aqueous matrices. Does the matrix affect the selection of catalyst?
Authors: Ribeiro Rui S , Frontistis Zacharias , Mantzavinos Dionissios , T Silva Adrián M , Faria Joaquim L , Gomes Helder T 
Published: May 2019

AbstractBACKGROUNDThe contribution of persulfate oxidation to water treatment technologies based on advanced oxidation processes is nowadays widely accepted. However, the importance of the water matrix on the removal of micropollutants has been neglected during early screening of heterogeneous catalysts, which can hinder further developments in the field.RESULTSThree magnetic graphitic nanocomposites (MGNCs), obtained by carbon encapsulation of magnetite (Fe3O4), nickel ferrite (NiFe2O4) and cobalt ferrite (CoFe2O4), were prepared and employed as heterogeneous catalysts in the activation of persulfate for the degradation of antibiotic sulfamethoxazole (SMX). The importance of the water matrix and its constituents on the performance of the MGNC materials was assessed. It was found that their relative performance in terms of oxidation of SMX in pure water decreases in the order: NiFe2O4/MGNC > Fe3O4/MGNC > CoFe2O4/MGNC. However, the order changed (Fe3O4/MGNC > NiFe2O4/MGNC > CoFe2O4/MGNC) when drinking water or secondary treated wastewater were employed. The individual effects of the water matrix constituents, such as bicarbonate, chloride, pH, and humic acid, or the use of added radical scavengers, on the catalyst performance were investigated, while the heterogeneous nature of the process was confirmed through leaching tests.CONCLUSIONA realistic water matrix should be considered throughout all the steps involved in the evaluation of new heterogeneous catalysts for the activated persulfate oxidation of SMX. Otherwise, misleading conclusions may be drawn, limiting potential improvements of this treatment technology. © 2019 Society of Chemical Industry
Contribution of IDO to human respiratory syncytial virus infection
Authors: Benavente Felipe M , Soto Jorge A , Pizarro-Ortega Magdalena S , Bohmwald Karen , González Pablo A , Bueno Susan M , Kalergis Alexis M 
Published: May 2019

Abstract
IDO is an enzyme that participates in the degradation of tryptophan (Trp), which is an essential amino acid necessary for vital cellular processes. The degradation of Trp and the metabolites generated by the enzymatic activity of IDO can have immunomodulating effects, notably over T cells, which are particularly sensitive to the absence of Trp and leads to the inhibition of T cell activation, cell death, and the suppression of T cell effector functions. Noteworthy, T cells participate in the cellular immune response against the human respiratory syncytial virus (hRSV) and are essential for viral clearance, as well as the total recovery of the host. Furthermore, inadequate or non-optimal polarization of T cells is often seen during the acute phase of the disease caused by this pathogen. Here, we discuss the capacity of hRSV to exploit the immunosuppressive features of IDO to reduce T cell function, thus acquiring relevant aspects during the biology of the virus. Additionally, we review studies on the influence of IDO over T cell activation and its relationship with hRSV infection.
Revisiting the role of calcium in phagosome formation and maturation
Authors: Westman Johannes , Grinstein Sergio , Maxson Michelle E 
Published: May 2019

AbstractLike other membrane receptor-mediated responses, execution of phagocytosis requires the transduction of signals to cytoplasmic effectors. Signaling in this case is particularly complex as the process involves not only the formation of phagosomes but also their subsequent maturation and resolution. Transient increases in cytosolic calcium, which mediate a variety of other transduction pathways, also feature prominently in phagocytosis. However, despite intensive study over the course of nearly 30 years, the occurrence, source, and functional relevance of such calcium bursts remain the subject of debate. Here, we have attempted to consolidate the information that was reviewed in the past with more recent studies in an effort to shed some light on the existing controversies.
DOA estimation based on support vector machine ensemble
Authors: Sun Fei‐yan , Tian Yu‐bo , Hu Guo‐bing , Shen Qian‐yan 
Published: May 2019

AbstractA synthesis model based on support vector machine ensemble (SVME) is proposed for the direction of arrival (DOA) estimation. This method is based on the advantages of the support vector machine (SVM), such as high fitting precision, simple structure, and strong generalization ability. The basic concept of the method is to select SVMs, optimally, to construct an SVME with the aid of the binary particle‐swarm optimization algorithm. The performance of the proposed model is validated by comparing its simulation results with that of neural networks and a few other state‐of‐the‐art models. Experiments show that this method can reduce the prediction error and improve the generalization ability, using a limited number of training samples.
Temperature‐dependent small signal performance of GaN‐on‐diamond HEMTs
Authors: Chen Yongbo , Xu Yuehang , Zhou Jianjun , Kong Yuechan , Chen Tangsheng , Zhang Yong , Yan Bo , Xu Ruimin 
Published: May 2019

AbstractThis paper presents the temperature dependence of small signal performance of GaN‐on‐diamond high electron mobility transistors (HEMTs) at an ambient temperature range from 0°C to 125°C. The temperature influence on the parasitic resistances together with the intrinsic parameters is investigated, and the temperature coefficients of these parameters are extracted from measured data. For comparison, a GaN‐on‐SiC device is also investigated. These results are important for the development and application of the GaN‐on‐diamond HEMT technology.
Permanent junctional reciprocating tachycardia in infants and Children
Authors: Kylat Ranjit I. , Samson Ricardo A. 
Published: May 2019

AbstractPermanent junctional reciprocating tachycardia (PJRT) is a rare form of supraventricular tachycardia (SVT). It generally presents in infants but can be difficult to diagnose. The characteristic EKG findings, response to Adenosine and persistence or frequent recurrences are helpful in making the diagnosis. It is usually difficult to manage with the initial and single medications used in SVT. Many patients are misdiagnosed and not treated effectively and end up having end stage cardiomyopathy and are diagnosed in patients referred for transplant. Hence all patients referred for a cardiac transplant with dilated cardiomyopathy need to be evaluated for this arrhythmia. If appropriate treatment is started early in the course, the failure can be ameliorated, and the cardiomyopathy can be resolved.
Definition of hypertension‐associated oral pathogens in NHANES
Authors: Pietropaoli Davide , Del Pinto Rita , Ferri Claudio , Ortu Eleonora , Monaco Annalisa 
Published: May 2019

AbstractBackgroundIncreasing evidence links periodontal microbiota to several systemic conditions, including high blood pressure (BP). Antibodies to oral pathogens can be considered an indirect assessment of periodontal bacterial burden. We aimed at assessing the relationship between systemic exposure to periodontal microbiota, expressed in terms of relative antibodies, and BP, using data from the third National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES III).MethodsWe analyzed cross‐sectional, nationally representative data from 7,928 adults aged ≥40 years who underwent determination of BP and serum antibodies to 21 periodontal microorganisms. BP was examined as both continuous (mmHg) and binary (≷130/80 mmHg, i.e. normal/controlled or high/uncontrolled BP) variables. Pearson and Spearman correlations restricted maximum likelihood, crude and adjusted generalized additive models, and a machine learning approach based on gradient boosting modeling were combined to verify any association between antibodies to periodontal microbiota and BP.ResultsAntibodies toCampylobacter rectus, Veillonella parvula, Prevotella melaninogenicawere consistently associated with high/uncontrolled BP by about +3 mmHg of systolic and +2 mmHg of diastolic BP and with 10% to 13% higher odds of high/uncontrolled BP, as well as with more active periodontal disease and greater changes in clinical parameters of periodontitis. Antibodies toC. rectusresulted in the strongest association with BP.ConclusionsThere is an association between systemic exposure to periodontal microbiota and BP. Understanding the pathogenetic mechanisms that shape such relationships, and the relative potential impact on personalized medicine, is the challenge of future research.
Formulation of Raman scattering revisited
Authors: Morita Reiko , Morita Hayato , Tasumi Mitsuo 
Published: May 2019

AbstractIn Raman scattering, photons are scattered by electrons in a molecule. Its mechanism was elucidated early after the development of quantum mechanics. If the frequencies of incident and scattered photons are denoted respectively by ν0 and νs, the differential scattering cross section of a Raman band is proportional to
. The differential scattering cross section of Rayleigh scattering is proportional to
, as is known as the ν4 rule. This article reconfirms these points from a tutorial viewpoint.
Does perioperative oxandrolone improve nutritional status in patients with cachexia related to head and neck carcinoma?
Authors: Osmolak Angela M. , Klatt‐Cromwell Cristine N. , Price Amber M. , Sanclement Jose A. , Krempl Greg A. 
Published: May 2019

BackgroundCancer cachexia affects up to over 50% of advanced head and neck cancer (HNC) patients. To date, the potential utility of anabolic steroids in perioperative cachectic HNC patients has not been determined.MethodsRetrospective review of pre‐ and post‐oxandrolone administration prealbumin levels in 18 perioperative HNC patients between October 2007 and October 2014 at a tertiary academic medical center.ResultsThe median pretreatment prealbumin was 88.5 mg/L. The median post‐treatment prealbumin was 227 mg/L. The median interval improvement of the prealbumin level was 131.5 mg/L. The median differences between the pretreatment and post‐treatment prealbumin levels were found to be statistically significant (P < .001). Subjective improvement in wound healing was also observed.ConclusionsPerioperative administration of oxandrolone resulted in objective improvements in prealbumin levels and subjective improvements in surgical wounds. Oxandrolone administered 10 mg twice daily (BID) for 10 days may be a useful adjunct in the perioperative care of nutritionally deficient HNC patients who are at risk for or have demonstrated impaired wound healing.Level of Evidence3
The First In Vivo Needle‐Based Optical Coherence Tomography in Human Prostate: A Safety and Feasibility Study
Authors: Swaan Abel , Mannaerts Christophe K. , Muller Berrend G. , van Kollenburg Rob AA. , Lucas Marit , Savci‐Heijink C Dilara , van Leeuwen Ton G. , de Reijke Theo M. , de Bruin Daniel M. 
Published: May 2019

ObjectiveTo demonstrate the safety and feasibility of clinical in vivo needle‐based optical coherence tomography (OCT) imaging of the prostate.Materials and MethodsTwo patients with prostate cancer underwent each two percutaneous in vivo needle‐based OCT measurements before transperineal template mapping biopsy. The OCT probe was introduced via a needle and positioned under ultrasound guidance. To test the safety, adverse events were recorded during and after the procedure. To test the feasibility, OCT and US images were studied during and after the procedure. Corresponding regions for OCT and biopsy were determined. A uropathologist evaluated and annotated the histopathology. Three experts assessed all the corresponding OCT images. The OCT and biopsy conclusions for the corresponding regions were compared.ResultsNo adverse events during and following the, in total four, in vivo needle‐based OCT measurements were reported. The OCT measurements showed images of prostatic tissue with a penetration depth of ~1.5 mm. The histological‐proven tissue types, which were also found in the overlapping OCT images, were benign glands, stroma, glandular atrophy, and adenocarcinoma (Gleason pattern 3).ConclusionsClinical in vivo needle‐based OCT of the prostate is feasible with no adverse events during measurements. OCT images displayed detailed prostatic tissue with a imaging depth up to ~1.5 mm.We could co‐register four histological‐proven tissue types with OCT images. The feasibility of in vivo OCT in the prostate opens the pathway to the next phase of needle‐based OCT studies in the prostate. Lasers Surg. Med. 51:390–398, 2019. © 2019 The Authors. Lasers in Surgery and Medicine Published by Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Morphology Evolutions and Mechanical Properties of In Situ Fibrillar Polylactic Acid/Thermoplastic Polyurethane Blends Fabricated by Fused Deposition Modeling
Authors: Wang Jianye , Zhang Yifan , Sun Wei , Chu Shaosheng , Chen Tao , Sun Aihua , Guo Jianjun , Xu Gaojie 
Published: May 2019

AbstractThere are many studies devoted to conquer the strength–ductility trade‐off dilemma of polylactic acid (PLA) by flexible elastomer blending, like thermoplastic polyurethane (TPU), but little is known about the effects of the fused deposition modeling (FDM) process on the in situ morphology evolution of the elastomers. In this work, the effects of the three successive drawing processes in FDM on the morphology evolution of the dispersed TPU in the PLA matrix, and the toughening behavior of FDM‐printed PLA/microfibrillar‐TPU blends, are systematically studied. The results manifest that the average length of the TPU microfibrils can be turned precisely from 67.24 to 103.72 µm. The in situ microfibrillation process can remarkably improve the PLA crystallization capability and interfacial interaction. More interestingly, the inevitable decrease of impact strength of FDM‐printed part induced by the voids is compensated by the network‐like TPU microfibrils formed during the layer‐by‐layer printing. These inspiring findings suggest that the in situ fibrillation process can conquer the inherent weaknesses of both FDM process and PLA materials, providing facile and efficient method for fabricating high toughness PLA parts.