bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A “bridge” over troubled water: Implications of the effect of locomotion mode on hopelessness
Authors: Di Santo Daniela , Baldner Conrad , Pierro Antonio , Kruglanski Arie W. 
Published: September 2018

AbstractPast research has shown that hopelessness drastically reduces the quality of life. It follows that it could be particularly useful to improve our knowledge of the potential correlates of feelings of hopelessness. We propose a negative association between locomotion mode, or the self‐regulation dimension concerned with movement from current state to future states, and hopelessness. We suggest, in two studies that higher locomotion is related to less hopelessness and results in higher levels of psychological well‐being. In Study 1, we showed that locomotion was significantly and negatively related to hopelessness. In Study 2, we confirmed this result and also observed that the hopelessness experienced by locomotors partially mediated the positive relationship between locomotion orientation and psychological well‐being. Implications for future research are discussed.
Automatic halva production band and prototype development
Authors: Akkurt Adnan , Sagdicoglu Celep Gulcin , Kurt Abdullah , Basak Hudayim , Sahin Ismail , Yavuzcan H. Guclu 
Published: September 2018

AbstractModernization in the food sector have been promoting the use of advanced technology. Halva is usually produced according to the conventional methods. A new technique for halva production applications is put into practice and a system prototype equipped with automation technology was manufactured. System can perform mixing, kneading, shaping, cutting, and cooling of halva without hand touch. Airflow used for cooling can control the temperature, conveyor belt speed, guillotine cutting time, shovels, and the mixing time. Cooling tunnel calculations and pipeline analysis were carried out to reduce the center point temperature of production line whose working fluid temperature is approximately 80 °C and the production band which is 19 × 45 × 78 mm and 80 g of mass, to 34.9 and 39.1 °C (cooling at ~416 and 597 s, respectively). Halva production process which takes 12–15 hr by traditional methods, is reduced to 10–20 min with the designed new cooling system.Practical applicationsIn this study, a new technique for halva production applications is put into practice and a system prototype equipped with automation technology was manufactured. New production techniques with machine prototype are implemented successfully. The results of the analysis provide insight into the insulation work to reduce the efficiency losses in the cooling system. The results of these analysis give an idea about the settings to be made in the cooling system in different climatic conditions and different ambient temperatures. As a result, halva production process which takes 12–15 hr by traditional methods, is reduced to 10–20 min with the designed new cooling system.
Scanning electron microscopy study of microstructure damage and micromechanical behavior of potato tissue by impact during storage
Authors: Nikara Safoura , Ahmadi Ebrahim , Nia Ali Alavi 
Published: September 2018

AbstractImpact damage of potato occurs during handling, transportation, sorting, and storage. In this research, scanning electron microscopy (SEM) analysis was employed to investigate the micromechanical changes of potato tissue by applying impact levels of 0 (control), 0.032, 0.185, and 0.335 J over a 16‐week storage period. Specific gravity, moisture content, cell turgor pressure, mechanical properties of tissue were determined. The cell section area, cell perimeter, and cell roundness and impact damage were obtained through the analysis of SEM images. The analysis showed a significant correlation between micromechanical properties and physiological changes for impacted potato tissue during the storage (p < .01). With increasing impact energy and storage time, a statistically significant decrease occurred in water content, cell turgor pressure, and microstructural features. Variations in mechanical properties of non‐impacted potato tissue during storage included increased specific gravity and puncture parameters. The interaction between the impact levels and storage time on the impact damage was statistically significant (p < .05), so that a higher impact energy leads to an increase in the impact damage during storage time. It was indicated the largest distorted microstructure with maximum physiological alterations in storage duration. These results would be of great assistance in optimization and design of pressing machines, which are important for the development of the food industry.Practical applicationsThis article examines the microstructural and micromechanical changes in the impacted potato tissue during storage. Moreover, it investigates the importance of controlling potato damage due to dynamic loads during harvest and post‐harvest processes, the role of the impact severity on the damage, and damage spread in tissue during the storage period. The electron microscope images of the impact location are reported in this article, which is helpful for predicting the damage in the potato tissue using finite element simulation.
Refractance‐window as an innovative approach for the drying of saffron petals and stigma
Authors: Aghaei Zahra , Jafari Seid Mahdi , Dehnad Danial , Ghorbani Mohammad , Hemmati Khodayar 
Published: September 2018

AbstractIn this research, the effects of different dryers including refractance‐window (RW) with 200 or 300 μm Mylar membrane, or Pyrex glass and oven drying, and various temperatures of 25, 60, 70, and 80 °C on saffron quality were surveyed. Levels of safranal, crocin, and picrocrocin for saffron stigma and anthocyanin content for saffron petal were considered as the major quality indices and modeling of their drying kinetics was carried out. While for saffron stigma, RW dryer through Pyrex glass surface and higher temperatures (70 and 80 °C) led to the highest contents of picrocrocin, safranal, crocin, for saffron petal, RW dryer through 200 μm Mylar membrane resulted in the maximum anthocyanin content (106.79 mg/L). Meanwhile, our comparison revealed that RW is a more reliable approach to dry saffron stigma while keeping its functional ingredients, that is, coloring, aromatic, and bitterness strength, than previously introduced novel approaches. The best Artificial Neural Networks (ANNs) topologies to predict RW (200 or 300 μm Mylar membrane, or Pyrex glass) or oven drying data for saffron stigma were those networks having feed‐forward backpropagation network type, hyperbolic tangent sigmoid transfer function and one hidden layer with 3, 7, 5, or 4 neurons in it, respectively.Practical applicationsSaffron is the dried stigmas of flowers called as “Crocus sativus L.” scientifically and “red gold” in the market because of its high value. Our aim of this research was to introduce a suitable alternative for common traditional drying of saffron as refractance‐Window (RW) and suggest appropriate modeling patterns for industrial application of this drying type in real situations. The second aim of this research was to determine the best drying conditions of saffron petal since the major weight of saffron flower is related to its petal, and anthocyanin of petal extracts could be used as a natural colorant in the food industry, but temperature has a substantial impact on anthocyanin stability.
Determination of time dependent stress distribution on a potato tuber during drop case
Authors: Caglayan Nuri , Oral Okan , Celik H. Kursat , Cinar Recep , Rodrigues Luiz Carlos De Abreu , Rennie Allan E.W. , Akinci Ibrahim 
Published: September 2018

AbstractRealistic representation of time‐dependent internal stress progression and deformation behavior of a potato tuber during a sample drop case has been studied in this article. A reverse engineering approach, compressive tests, slow motion camera records and finite element analysis (FEA) were employed to analyze the drop case deformation behavior of a sample potato tuber. Simulation results provided useful numerical data and stress distribution visuals. The numerical results are presented in a format that can be used for the determination of bruise susceptibility magnitude on solid‐like agricultural products during drop case. The visual observations revealed that slow motion camera images and simulation printouts were in good correlation. The modulus of elasticity of the potato specimens was calculated from experimental data to be 3.12 MPa and simulation results showed that the maximum equivalent stress was 0.526 MPa on the tuber. This value for stress indicates that bruising is not likely on the tuber under a pre‐defined drop height. In order to test the simulation accuracy, empirical, and simulation‐based estimates for total energy in this drop case were compared. The relative difference between empirical and simulation results was 1.27%. This study provide a good “how to do” guide to further research on the utilization of (FEM)‐based time‐dependent simulation approach in complex mechanical impact based damaging analyses and industry focused applications related to solid‐like agricultural products such as potato.Practical applicationsThe engineering simulation based “how to do” pathway presented in this study is a scientific novelty because the explicit dynamics simulation technique for potato tuber damage under drop case and its visual verification has been limitedly introduced in the literature. This study present deeper analysis on material model description, slow motion camera records, time dependent non‐linear stress analysis and FEM based Explicit Dynamics Simulation procedures. This study aims to represent a realistic non‐linear deformation case of the tuber which is very complicated to obtain through physical and/or empirical expressions. As a further step from other literature studies, this research has presented a novel realistic time‐dependent non‐linear drop test simulation based on physical compressive material test data. The findings have been prepared in a form which may be used as input parameters in design studies for solid‐like agricultural products (such as potato tubers) processing machinery systems used in food/agricultural industries.
Recovery of bruteridin and melitidin from clarified bergamot juice by membrane operations
Authors: Ruby‐Figueroa René , Conidi Carmela , Di Donna Leonardo , Cassano Alfredo 
Published: September 2018

AbstractFour commercial spiral‐wound membranes with nominal molecular weight cut‐off (NMWCO) from 150–300 to 3,500 Da were tested in order to evaluate their performance in the recovery of brutieridin and melitidin from clarified bergamot juice. Filtration experiments in batch concentration mode were performed on a laboratory filtration membrane equipment in selected operating conditions up to a weight reduction factor (WRF) of 5. The performance of selected membranes was evaluated in terms of permeate flux and rejection coefficients for melitidin, brutieridin, glucose, fructose, and sucrose. Experimental results indicated that the rejection of selected membranes toward melitidin and brutieridin was strictly correlated to their NMWCO. Among the selected membranes, the Desal GE membrane (NMWCO 1,000 Da) offered the best performance in terms of separation between sugars and brutieridin/melitidin in the clarified juice with high retentions toward flavonoids (>67% for melitidin and >82% for brutieridin) and lower retention toward glucose (21.9%) and fructose (10.6%).Practical applicationsBergamot (Citrus bergamia) juice has not found a real use in the food industry due to its bitter taste and it is considered a waste of the essential oil production. On the other hand, flavonoid diglycosides of the juice, such as brutieridin and melitidin, have been recently recognized for their hypocholesterolemic action. The proposed membrane‐based technology offers a valid alternative to the use of conventional purification methodologies for the recovery of this phenolic fraction from the clarified juice and its reuse for the production of fortified juices and functional foods.
Molecular detection of Enterobacter spp. and other related species in powdered milk infant formula and milk powder
Authors: El‐Zamkan Mona A. , Mohamed Hams M.A. 
Published: September 2018

AbstractA total of 60 powdered milk infant formula and milk powder samples were obtained from different localities in Qena Governorate, Egypt, to be evaluated for presence of Enterobacter and closely related species using FDA procedure. Ten out of 60 samples were contaminated with Enterobacter spp. and other Enterobacteriaceae. The obtained isolates were biochemically identified as Enterobacter spp., Klebsiella pneumoniae, Escherichia coli, Citrobacter spp. Further characterization was performed using 16S rRNA sequence analysis; it was a pivotal to confirm the identity of the isolates especially in imprecise identification of phenotypic method in some isolates like Enterobacter hormaechei, Klebsiella quasipneumoniae, and Acinetobacter vivianii. Results revealed the contamination of powdered milk infant formula with E. hormaechei which makes it a matter of concern. According to the best of our knowledge, Enterobacter hormaechei and Klebsiella quasipneumonia were isolated for the first time in Egypt. The phylogenetic analysis proved the close relation between our isolates in amplification of partial 16S rRNA gene.Practical applicationsAs many neonates depend on powdered infant formula in their feeding as well as milk powder is a fundamental component of many infants diet, our study evaluated these products for the presence of pathogens of safety concern. This study focused on Enterobacteriaceae family members other than Salmonella and Cronobacter sakazakii using 16S rRNA gene for identification and differentiation of the closely related species.
Comparison of a novel predictor of venous thromboembolic complications in inflammatory bowel disease with current predictors
Authors: Ohta Yuki , Arai Makoto , Nakagawa Tomoo , Akizue Naoki , Ishikawa Kentaro , Hamanaka Shinsaku , Koseki Hirotaka , Taida Takashi , Okimoto Kenichiro , Saito Keiko , Yoshihama Sayuri , Maruoka Daisuke , Matsumura Tomoaki , Katsuno Tatsuro , Kato Naoya 
Published: September 2018

AbstractBackground and AimVenous thromboembolism (VTE) is a common complication of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). The aim of the present study was to identify predictors of VTE in hospitalized patients with IBD.MethodsPatients with IBD who were hospitalized from February 2015 to March 2016 at the Chiba University Hospital were included. VTE was detected using enhanced computed tomography, and VTE onset within 2 months after admission was assessed. Predictors of VTE onset were investigated with clinical factors during hospitalization. Availability of the Caprini risk assessment model and Padua prediction score at the time of admission was also assessed.ResultsSeventy‐two patients with IBD were hospitalized, and central venous catheters were placed in 43 of the 72 patients. During the observation period, VTE occurred in six patients (8.3%); however, none died as a result of the condition. Cox proportional hazards regression analysis identified D‐dimer values on admission as a risk factor that was highly associated with VTE onset (hazard ratio = 1.590; 95% confidence interval, 1.132–2.233; P = 0.007) and significantly predicted the occurrence of VTE using the receiver operating characteristic curve (P = 0.005, area under the curve = 0.893). However, Caprini risk assessment model and Padua prediction scores were not useful tools for predicting VTE onset in patients with IBD.ConclusionIn hospitalized patients with IBD, D‐dimer values were highly associated with VTE onset. Therefore, measurement of D‐dimer values on admission is critical for the management of thromboembolic complications in patients with IBD.
TaZIM‐A1 negatively regulates flowering time in common wheat (Triticum aestivum L.)
Authors: Liu Hong , Li Tian , Wang Yamei , Zheng Jun , Li Huifang , Hao Chenyang , Zhang Xueyong 
Published: September 2018

AbstractFlowering time is a critical determinant of regional adaptation for crops and has strong effects on crop yields. Here, we report that TaZIM‐A1, an atypical GATA‐like transcription factor, is a negative regulator of flowering in wheat. TaZIM‐A1 possessed weak transcriptional repression activity, with its CCT domain functioning as the major inhibitory region. TaZIM‐A1 expression exhibited a typical circadian oscillation pattern under various light regimes. Overexpression of TaZIM‐A1 caused a delay in flowering time and a decrease in thousand‐kernel weight (TKW) in wheat under long‐day conditions. Moreover, TaZIM‐A1 directly bound to the promoters of TaCO‐1 and TaFT‐1 and downregulated their expression. Sequence analysis of a collection of common wheat cultivars identified three and two haplotypes for TaZIM‐A1 and TaZIM‐B1, respectively. Association analysis revealed that TaZIM‐A1‐HapI/‐HapIII and TaZIM‐B1‐HapI have undergone strong positive selection during modern wheat breeding, likely due to their association with earlier heading and higher TKW. Diagnostic markers were developed for these haplotypes that can be used for wheat cultivar improvement, via marker‐assisted breeding.
Mujeres Indígenas: ¿un actor político? ¿Una fórmula neoliberal?
Authors: Castelnuovo Natalia 
Published: September 2018

ResumenDesde una perspectiva etnográfica, intento comprender las formas que asumen las políticas de desarrollo dirigidas a comunidades indígenas del norte argentino y vehiculizadas por ONGs, para centrar la atención en el proceso que dio lugar a la conformación de una organización de mujeres indígenas en su imbricación con agentes de desarrollo local. Para dar cuenta de las relaciones tensas y conflictivas entre estado, ONGs y comunidades indígenas se apela a la idea de ‘fricción’ que abarca la presencia simultánea de movimiento y resistencia, solidaridad y rechazo, autonomía y absorción. Atendiendo a los ‘riesgos y las potencialidades inesperadas’ que surgen en encuentros heterogéneos y desiguales, exploro en qué medida las relaciones y acciones promovidas por agentes de desarrollo pueden encuadrarse como meras intervenciones neoliberales, o si en cambio, puede considerarse que dan lugar a nuevas configuraciones de la cultura y el poder. Asumo que algunas intervenciones se convierten en prácticas más bien difusas, fragmentadas y dispersas y que esto da lugar a que en sus intersticios se generen condiciones adecuadas para disputar y confrontar el poder. Sin soslayar los efectos contradictorios y perversos que producen las intervenciones gubernamentales rutinizadas, busco poner de relieve los modos en que las personas se movilizan para resistir las verdades en nombre de las cuales se los gobierna y cambiar las condiciones en las que viven.
Deletion of exons encoding carboxypeptidase domain of Nna1 results in Purkinje cell degeneration (pcd) phenotype
Authors: Zhou Li , Hossain M. Ibrahim , Yamazaki Maya , Abe Manabu , Natsume Rie , Konno Kohtaro , Kageyama Shun , Komatsu Masaaki , Watanabe Masahiko , Sakimura Kenji , Takebayashi Hirohide 
Published: September 2018

AbstractPurkinje cell degeneration (pcd) was first identified in a spontaneous mouse mutant showing cerebellar ataxia. In addition to cerebellar Purkinje cells (PCs), retinal photoreceptors, mitral cells in the olfactory bulb, and a discrete subpopulation of thalamic neurons also degenerate in the mutant brains. The gene responsible for the pcd mutant is Nna1, also known as ATP/GTP binding protein 1 or cytosolic carboxypeptidase‐like 1, which encodes a zinc carboxypeptidase protein. To investigate pathogenesis of the pcd mutation in detail, we generated a conditional Nna1 allele targeting the carboxypeptidase domain at C‐terminus. After Cre recombination and heterozygous crossing, we generated Nna1 knockout (KO) mice and found that the Nna1 KO mice began to show cerebellar ataxia at postnatal day 20 (P20). Most PCs degenerated until 4‐week‐old, except lobule X. Activated microglia and astrocytes were also observed in the Nna1 KO cerebellum. In the mutant brain, the Nna1 mRNA level was dramatically reduced, suggesting that nonsense‐mediated mRNA decay occurs in it. Since the Nna1 protein acts as a de‐glutamatase on the C‐terminus of α‐tubulin and β‐tubulin, increased polyglutamylated tubulin was detected in the Nna1 KO cerebellum. In addition, the endoplasmic reticulum stress marker, C/EBP homologous protein (CHOP), was up‐regulated in the mutant PCs. We report the generation of a functional Nna1 conditional allele and possible mechanisms of PC death in the Nna1 KO in the cerebellum.Open PracticesThis article has received a badge for *Open Materials* because it provided all relevant information to reproduce the study in the manuscript. The complete Open Science Disclosure form for this article can be found at the end of the article. More information about the Open Practices badges can be found at https://cos.io/our-services/open-science-badges/.
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Activity‐dependent central nervous system myelination throughout life
Authors: de Faria Omar , Gonsalvez David G. , Nicholson Madeline , Xiao Junhua 
Published: September 2018

AbstractMyelin, the multilayered membrane surrounding many axons in the nervous system, increases the speed by which electrical signals travel along axons and facilitates neuronal communication between distant regions of the nervous system. However, how neuronal signals influence the myelinating process in the CNS is still largely unclear. Recent studies have significantly advanced this understanding, identifying important roles for neuronal activity in controlling oligodendrocyte development and their capacity of producing myelin in both developing and mature CNS. Here, we review these recent advances, and discuss potential mechanisms underpinning activity‐dependent myelination and how remyelination may be stimulated via manipulating axonal activity, raising new questions for future research.
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The digital human forearm and hand
Authors: Kerkhof Faes D. , van Leeuwen Timo , Vereecke Evie E. 
Published: September 2018

AbstractHow changes in anatomy affect joint biomechanics can be studied using musculoskeletal modelling, making it a valuable tool to explore joint function in healthy and pathological joints. However, gathering the anatomical, geometrical and physiological data necessary to create a model can be challenging. Very few integrated datasets exist and even less raw data is openly available to create new models. Therefore, the goal of the present study is to create an integrated digital forearm and make the raw data available via an open‐access database. An un‐embalmed cadaveric arm was digitized using 7T MRI and CT scans. 3D geometrical models of bones, cartilage, muscle and muscle pathways were created. After MRI and CT scanning, physiological muscle parameters (e.g. muscle volume, mass, length, pennation angle, physiological cross‐sectional area, tendon length) were obtained via detailed dissection. After dissection, muscle biopsies were fixated and confocal microscopy was used to visualize and measure sarcomere lengths. This study provides an integrated anatomical dataset on which complete and accurate musculoskeletal models of the hand can be based. By creating a 3D digital human forearm, including all relevant anatomical parameters, a more realistic musculoskeletal model can be created. Furthermore, open access to the anatomical dataset makes it possible for other researchers to use these data in the development of a musculoskeletal model of the hand.