bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Remediation of heavy metal contaminated soil by asymmetrical alternating current electrochemistry
Authors: Xu Jinwei , Liu Chong , Hsu Po-Chun , Zhao Jie , Wu Tong , Tang Jing , Liu Kai , Cui Yi 
Published: June 2019

AbstractSoil contamination by heavy metals constitutes an important environmental problem, whereas field applicability of existing remediation technologies has encountered numerous obstacles, such as long operation time, high chemical cost, large energy consumption, secondary pollution, and soil degradation. Here we report the design and demonstration of a remediation method based on a concept of asymmetrical alternating current electrochemistry that achieves high degrees of contaminant removal for different heavy metals (copper, lead, cadmium) at different initial concentrations (from 100 to 10,000 ppm), all reaching corresponding regulation levels for residential scenario after rational treatment time (from 30 min to 6 h). No excessive nutrient loss in treated soil is observed and no secondary toxic product is produced. Long-term experiment and plant assay show the high sustainability of the method and its feasibility for agricultural use.
Transparent conducting materials discovery using high-throughput computing
Authors: Brunin Guillaume , Ricci Francesco , Ha Viet-Anh , Rignanese Gian-Marco , Hautier Geoffroy 
Published: June 2019

AbstractTransparent conducting materials (TCMs) are required in many applications from solar cells to transparent electronics. Developing high performance materials combining the antagonistic properties of transparency and conductivity has been challenging especially for p-type materials. Recently, high-throughput ab initio computational screening has emerged as a formidable tool for accelerating materials discovery. In this review, we discuss how this approach has been applied for identifying TCMs. We provide a brief overview of the different materials properties of importance for TCMs (e.g., dopability, effective mass, and transparency) and present the ab initio techniques available to assess them. We focus on the accuracy of the methodologies as well as their suitability for high-throughput computing. Finally, we review the different high-throughput computational studies searching for new TCMs and discuss their differences in terms of methodologies and main findings.
Positive impact of low-dose, high-energy radiation on bone in partial- and/or full-weightbearing mice
Authors: Bokhari Rihana S. , Metzger Corinne E. , Black Jeremy M. , Franklin Katherine A. , Boudreaux Ramon D. , Allen Matthew R. , Macias Brandon R. , Hogan Harry A. , Braby Leslie A. , Bloomfield Susan A. 
Published: June 2019

AbstractAstronauts traveling beyond low Earth orbit will be exposed to galactic cosmic radiation (GCR); understanding how high energy ionizing radiation modifies the bone response to mechanical unloading is important to assuring crew health. To investigate this, we exposed 4-mo-old female Balb/cBYJ mice to an acute space-relevant dose of 0.5 Gy 56Fe or sham (n = ~8/group); 4 days later, half of the mice were also subjected to a ground-based analog for 1/6 g (partial weightbearing) (G/6) for 21 days. Microcomputed tomography (µ-CT) of the distal femur reveals that 56Fe exposure resulted in 65–78% greater volume and improved microarchitecture of cancellous bone after 21 d compared to sham controls. Radiation also leads to significant increases in three measures of energy absorption at the mid-shaft femur and an increase in stiffness of the L4 vertebra. No significant effects of radiation on bone formation indices are detected; however, G/6 leads to reduced % mineralizing surface on the inner mid-tibial bone surface. In separate groups allowed 21 days of weightbearing recovery from G/6 and/or 56Fe exposure, radiation-exposed mice still exhibit greater bone mass and improved microarchitecture vs. sham control. However, femoral bone energy absorption values are no longer higher in the 56Fe-exposed WB mice vs. sham controls. We provide evidence for persistent positive impacts of high-LET radiation exposure preceding a period of full or partial weightbearing on bone mass and microarchitecture in the distal femur and, for full weightbearing mice only and more transiently, cortical bone energy absorption values.
Establishment and genomic characterization of gingivobuccal carcinoma cell lines with smokeless tobacco associated genetic alterations and oncogenic PIK3CA mutation
Authors: Pansare Kshama , Gardi Nilesh , Kamat Sayee , Dange Prerana , Previn Rahul , Gera Poonam , Kowtal Pradnya , Amin Kishore , Sarin Rajiv 
Published: June 2019

AbstractSmokeless tobacco associated Gingivobuccal squamous cell carcinoma (GB-SCC) is a major public health problem but available oral cancer cell lines are mostly from smoking associated tongue SCC raising the need for pertinent GB-SCC cell line models. As part of the International Cancer Genome Consortium (ICGC) Project, 4 novel cell lines, namely, Indian Tata Memorial Centre Oral Cancer (ITOC) −01 to −04 were established and characterized with conventional methods, karyotyping, ultrastructure, in vivo tumourigenicity, Whole exome sequencing (WES) and RNA sequencing. These hyperploid cell lines form xenografts in mice and show metabolically active and necrotic areas on fluorodeoxyglucose-positron emission tomography (FDG-PET) imaging. WES of ITOC cell lines recapitulate the genomic tumor profile of ICGC GB-SCC database. We further identified smokeless tobacco associated genetic alterations (PCLO, FAT3 and SYNE2) and oncogenic PIK3CA mutation in GB-SCC cell lines. Transcriptome profiling identified deregulation of pathways commonly altered in cancer and down-regulation of arachidonic acid metabolism pathway, implying its possible role in GB-SCC. Clinical application of high throughput sequencing data depends on relevant cell line models to validate potential targets. Extensively characterized, these oral SCC cell lines are particularly suited for mechanistic studies and pre-clinical drug development for smokeless tobacco associated oral cancer.
Highly polarized photoluminescence from c-plane InGaN/GaN multiple quantum wells on stripe-shaped cavity-engineered sapphire substrate
Authors: Kim Jongmyeong , Lee Seungmin , Oh Jehong , Ryu Jungel , Park Yongjo , Park Seoung-Hwan , Yoon Euijoon 
Published: June 2019

AbstractHighly polarized photoluminescence (PL) from c-plane InGaN/GaN multiple quantum wells (MQWs) grown on stripe-shaped cavity-engineered sapphire substrate (SCES) was realized. The polarization ratio was as high as 0.74 at room temperature. High-resolution X-ray reciprocal space mapping measurements revealed that the InGaN quantum wells on GaN/SCES template were under considerable anisotropic in-plane strain states of −1.178% and −1.921% along the directions perpendicular and parallel to the stripe-pattern, respectively. The anisotropic strain states were attributed to the anisotropic alignment of cavity-incorporated sapphire nano-membranes, which accommodated both anisotropic elastic relaxation in the InGaN quantum well plane as well as the graded elastic relaxation along the vertical direction in the GaN template adjacent to the InGaN/GaN MQWs. The partial strain relaxation in the InGaN wells also contributed to reduction of quantum confined Stark effect, resulting in four times higher PL intensity than InGaN/GaN MQWs on planar sapphire substrate. From theoretical calculations based on k∙p perturbation theory, it was found that fundamental origin of the polarized optical emission was strain-induced modification of valence band structures of the InGaN/GaN MQWs on the SCES. This study will allow us to realize light emitting diodes with highly polarized emission with conventional c-plane sapphire substrates by strain-induced valence band modification.
Alcohol consumption is associated with the risk of developing colorectal neoplasia: Propensity score matching analysis
Authors: Yang Young Joo , Bang Chang Seok , Choi Jae Ho , Lee Jae Jun , Shin Suk Pyo , Suk Ki Tae , Baik Gwang Ho , Kim Dong Joon 
Published: June 2019

AbstractAlthough alcohol intake is known to be associated with the development of colorectal cancer, the effect of alcohol consumption on the development of colorectal neoplasm (CRN) is unclear. We performed a retrospective cohort analysis with 1 to 1 propensity score matching in a single center of Korea. Among 1,448 patients who underwent index and surveillance colonoscopy, 210 matched pairs were analyzed. The 5-year cumulative occurrence of overall CRN after index colonoscopy was higher in the significant alcohol consumption group (defined as alcohol consumption more than 30 g/day in men and 20 g/day in women) (vs. without significant alcohol consumption group) (40% vs. 27.6%, p = 0.004). Significant alcohol consumption increased the development of overall CRN (adjusted hazard ratio [aHR]: 1.86, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.28–2.70, p = 0.001) at surveillance colonoscopy. However, this effect was not valid on the development of advanced CRN. In subgroup analysis considering the risk classification of index colonoscopy, significant alcohol consumption increased the overall CRN development at surveillance colonoscopy in the normal group (patients with no detected adenoma in the index colonoscopy) (aHR: 1.90, 95% CI: 1.16–3.13, p = 0.01). Alcohol consumption habits should be considered in optimizing time intervals of surveillance colonoscopy.
Monozygotic twins and triplets discordant for amyotrophic lateral sclerosis display differential methylation and gene expression
Authors: Tarr Ingrid S. , McCann Emily P. , Benyamin Beben , Peters Timothy J. , Twine Natalie A. , Zhang Katharine Y. , Zhao Qiongyi , Zhang Zong-Hong , Rowe Dominic B. , Nicholson Garth A. , Bauer Denis , Clark Susan J. , Blair Ian P. , Williams Kelly L. 
Published: June 2019

AbstractAmyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) is a fatal neurodegenerative disease characterised by the loss of upper and lower motor neurons. ALS exhibits high phenotypic variability including age and site of onset, and disease duration. To uncover epigenetic and transcriptomic factors that may modify an ALS phenotype, we used a cohort of Australian monozygotic twins (n = 3 pairs) and triplets (n = 1 set) that are discordant for ALS and represent sporadic ALS and the two most common types of familial ALS, linked to C9orf72 and SOD1. Illumina Infinium HumanMethylation450K BeadChip, EpiTYPER and RNA-Seq analyses in these ALS-discordant twins/triplets and control twins (n = 2 pairs), implicated genes with consistent longitudinal differential DNA methylation and/or gene expression. Two identified genes, RAD9B and C8orf46, showed significant differential methylation in an extended cohort of >1000 ALS cases and controls. Combined longitudinal methylation-transcription analysis within a single twin set implicated CCNF, DPP6, RAMP3, and CCS, which have been previously associated with ALS. Longitudinal transcriptome data showed an 8-fold enrichment of immune function genes and under-representation of transcription and protein modification genes in ALS. Examination of these changes in a large Australian sporadic ALS cohort suggest a broader role in ALS. Furthermore, we observe that increased methylation age is a signature of ALS in older patients.
Petroleum as source and carrier of metals in epigenetic sediment-hosted mineralization
Authors: Saintilan Nicolas J. , Spangenberg Jorge E. , Chiaradia Massimo , Chelle-Michou Cyril , Stephens Michael B. , Fontboté Lluís 
Published: June 2019

AbstractSediment-hosted ore deposits contribute a significant amount (up to 65%) of the global resources of lead and zinc. Among them, the Mississippi-Valley type deposits and related oil fields often comprise large-scale hydrothermal systems where regional host rocks are stained with disseminated liquid petroleum (crude oil) and other organic compounds. Current models for the formation of those epigenetic Pb-Zn sulphide deposits consider that metals are mostly leached from basement rocks and their detrital erosional products, and transported by oxidized basinal hydrothermal fluids as chloride complexes. Sulphide precipitation mainly occurs when these basinal brines interact with fluids rich in reduced sulphur species produced mostly by thermochemical sulphate reduction (TSR) mediated by hydrocarbons. Here, using organic geochemistry and Pb isotopes, we provide evidence that petroleum and associated water were key for the formation of sulphide mineralization in the world-class sandstone-hosted ore deposit at Laisvall, not only by supplying reduced sulphur but also by contributing metals in significant amounts. The lead originally found in bitumen of the Alum Shale Formation was transported —during an arc-continent collisional event— by liquid petroleum and associated water to the site of sulphide mineralization. The alteration of petroleum by TSR made lead available for precipitation as sulphide. The petroleum-associated lead represents 40 to 60% of the metal budget in the deposit, the remainder being sourced by leaching of basement rocks.
Radiation-dose-dependent functional synergisms between ATM, ATR and DNA-PKcs in checkpoint control and resection in G2-phase
Authors: Mladenov Emil , Fan Xiaoxiang , Dueva Rositsa , Soni Aashish , Iliakis George 
Published: June 2019

AbstractUsing data generated with cells exposed to ionizing-radiation (IR) in G2-phase of the cell cycle, we describe dose-dependent interactions between ATM, ATR and DNA-PKcs revealing unknown mechanistic underpinnings for two key facets of the DNA damage response: DSB end-resection and G2-checkpoint activation. At low IR-doses that induce low DSB-numbers in the genome, ATM and ATR regulate epistatically the G2-checkpoint, with ATR at the output-node, interfacing with the cell-cycle predominantly through Chk1. Strikingly, at low IR-doses, ATM and ATR epistatically regulate also resection, and inhibition of either activity fully suppresses resection. At high IR-doses that induce high DSB-numbers in the genome, the tight ATM/ATR coupling relaxes and independent outputs to G2-checkpoint and resection occur. Consequently, both kinases must be inhibited to fully suppress checkpoint activation and resection. DNA-PKcs integrates to the ATM/ATR module by regulating resection at all IR-doses, with defects in DNA-PKcs causing hyper-resection and G2-checkpoint hyper-activation. Notably, hyper-resection is absent from other c-NHEJ mutants. Thus, DNA-PKcs specifically regulates resection and adjusts the activation of the ATM/ATR module. We propose that selected DSBs are shepherd by DNA-PKcs from c-NHEJ to resection-dependent pathways for processing under the regulatory supervision of the ATM/ATR module.
Kirchhoff’s metasurfaces towards efficient photo-thermal energy conversion
Authors: Nishijima Yoshiaki , Balčytis Armandas , Naganuma Shin , Seniutinas Gediminas , Juodkazis Saulius 
Published: June 2019

AbstractThermo-optical properties of the nanodisc and metal hole array plasmonic perfect absorber (PPA) metasurfaces were designed and characterized at mid-infrared wavelengths. Both, radiation emitter and detector systems operating in various spectral domains are highly sought after for a diverse range of applications, one example being future sensor networks employed in the internet-of-things. Reciprocity of the absorbance and emittance is shown experimentally, i.e., the PPAs are demonstrated to follow Kirchhoff’s law where the patterns exhibiting a strong optical absorption were found to be effective thermal emitters. Hence, the Kirchhoff’s law is experimentally validated for the metasurfaces in the IR spectral domain where there is a lack of solutions for spectrally narrow-band emitters. The highest efficiency of radiation-to-heat and heat-to-radiation conversion was obtained for Au-Si-Au composite structures.
The effects of nitrogen addition on dissolved carbon in boreal forest soils of northeastern China
Authors: Shi Liang , Dech Jeffery P. , Yao Huaxia , Zhao Pengwu , Shu Yang , Zhou Mei 
Published: June 2019

AbstractUnderstanding the effects of nitrogen (N) addition on dissolved carbon in boreal forest soils is essential for accurate evaluation of regional carbon balances. The objective of this study was to determine the effects of different levels and types of N addition on soil dissolved carbon concentration in a cold-temperate coniferous forest through an in-situ fertilization experiment. Simulated atmospheric N addition was applied in a factorial experiment with N addition level (control, 10, 20 and 40 kg of N ha−1yr−1) and N type (NH4Cl, KNO3 and NH4NO3) treatments. The experiment was conducted over the 2010 growing season (May-September) at the Kailaqi farm of Genhe Forestry Bureau, located in the northern Great Xin’an mountain range, northern China. Monthly N addition treatments were applied in three replicate plots per treatment (n = 36), and measurements of dissolved organic carbon (DOC) and dissolved inorganic carbon (DIC) were derived from monthly sampling of the organic and mineral soil horizons. There was a significant effect of N type, with the combined N source (NH4NO3) producing significantly higher DOC than the control (ambient addition) or the NH4Cl treatment in both the organic and mineral layers. The N addition treatment increased DIC in the organic layer at the low levels only, while N type did not have a significant effect. There was a significant interaction of the month and the N level treatment, as low level N addition tended to increase the content of soil DOC while high level N tended to inhibit soil DOC content, with these trends being most pronounced in the middle of the growing season. These results elucidate the importance of the type and timing of N additions to the dynamics of soil carbon pools.
UGT2B17 and miR-224 contribute to hormone dependency trends in adenocarcinoma and squamous cell carcinoma of esophagus
Authors: Lian Xiangyao , Baranova Ancha , Ngo Jimmy , Yu Guiping , Cao Hongbao 
Published: June 2019

Abstract
Esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC) and esophageal adenocarcinoma (EA) are the two main subtypes of esophageal cancer. Genetics underpinnings of EA are substantially less understood than that of ESCC. A large-scale relation data analysis was conducted to explore the genes implicated with either EA or ESCC, or both. Each gene linked to ESCC but not EA was further explored in mega-analysis of six independently collected EA RNA expression datasets. A multiple linear regression (MLR) model was built to study the possible influence of sample size, population region, and study date on the gene expression data in EA. Finally, a functional pathway analysis was conducted to identify the possible linkage between EA and the genes identified as novel significant contributors. We have identified 276 genes associated with EA, 1088 with ESCC, with a significant (P&lt;5.14e-143) overlap between these two gene groups (n=157). Mega-analysis showed that two ESCC-related genes, UGT2B17 and MIR224, were significantly associated with EA (P-value &lt;1e-10), with multiple connecting pathways revealed by functional analysis. ESCC and EA share some common pathophysiological pathways. Further study of UGT2B17 and MIR224, which are differentially dysregulated in ESCC and EA tumors, is warranted. Enhanced expression of UGT2B17 and the lack of miR-224 signaling may contribute to the responsiveness of EA to the male sex steroids.
LncRNA SAMMSON negatively regulates miR-9-3p in hepatocellular carcinoma cells and has prognostic values
Authors: Yang Shouzhang , Cai Huajie , Hu Bingren , Tu Jinfu 
Published: June 2019

Abstract
In the present study, we investigated the role of lncRNA SAMMSON in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). We found that SAMMSON was up-regulated in HCC tissues, and patients with high levels of SAMMSON in HCC tissues had significantly lower overall rate within 5 years after admission. miR-9-3p was down-regulated in HCC tissues and inversely correlated with SAMMSON. SAMMSON expression was not significantly affected by HBV and HCV infections in HCC patients. In HCC cells, SAMMSON overexpression resulted in down-regulated miR-9-3p expression, while miR-9-3p overexpression caused no significant changes in expression levels of SAMMSON. SAMMSON overexpression led to increased, while miR-9-3p overexpression resulted in decreased migration and invasion rates of HCC cells. Therefore, SAMMSON negatively regulated miR-9-3p in HCC cells to promote cancer cell migration and invasion.
Risikoscores für chronisch nierenkranke Menschen
Authors: Schneider Markus P. , Eckardt Kai-Uwe 
Published: June 2019

Was ist neu?
„Tangri“-Formel zur Abschätzung der renalen Prognose Seit kurzem gibt es die Möglichkeit, das Risiko eines Nierenversagens für Patienten im CKD–Stadium G3a–G5 (eGFR 10 – 59 ml/min/1,73 m2) mithilfe der „Tangri“-Formel quantitativ abzuschätzen. Für diese Berechnung benötigt man mindestens die Variablen Alter, Geschlecht, eGFR und Albuminurie (4-Variablen-Formel). Eine erweiterte Formel mit den zusätzlichen Variablen Kalzium, Phosphat, Bikarbonat und Albumin (8-Variablen-Formel) ermöglicht eine noch präzisere Abschätzung.
Modelle des CKD-Prognose-Konsortiums Bei Patienten mit fortgeschrittener CKD im Stadium 4 oder höher (GFR-Kategorie ≥ 4, d. h. eGFR < 30 ml/min/1,73 m2) kann zudem durch neue Modelle des CKD-PC neben dem Risiko für eine terminale Niereninsuffizienz auch das Risiko für kardiovaskuläre Ereignisse und Tod in einem Zeitraum von 2 – 4 Jahren ermittelt werden. Diese neuen Prognoseformeln sind über das Internet öffentlich zugänglich gemacht worden.
Recent Advances in Photoredox Catalysis Enabled Functionalization of α-Amino Acids and Peptides: Concepts, Strategies and Mechanisms
Authors: Liu Jian-Quan , Shatskiy Andrey , Matsuura Bryan S. , Kärkäs Markus D. 
Published: June 2019

The selective modification of α-amino acids and peptides constitutes a pivotal arena for accessing new peptide-based materials and therapeutics. In recent years, visible light photoredox catalysis has appeared as a powerful platform for the activation of small molecules via single-electron transfer events, allowing previously inaccessible reaction pathways to be explored. This review outlines the recent advances, mechanistic underpinnings, and opportunities of applying photoredox catalysis to the expansion of the synthetic repertoire for the modification of specific amino acid residues.1	Introduction2	Visible-Light-Mediated Functionalization of α-Amino Acids2.1	Decarboxylative Functionalization Involving Redox-Active Esters2.2	Direct Decarboxylative Coupling Strategies2.3	Hypervalent Iodine Reagents2.4	Dual Photoredox and Transition-Metal Catalysis2.5	Amination and Deamination Strategies3	Photoinduced Peptide Diversification3.1	Gese-Type Bioconjugation Methods3.2	Peptide Macrocyclization through Photoredox Catalysis3.3	Biomolecule Conjugation through Arylation3.4	C–H Functionalization Manifolds4	Conclusions and Outlook