bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Harnessing Emotional Intelligence for Effective Leadership in the Technology Sector
Authors: Dhungana Madan , Tamang Suman 
Published: November 2024

Purpose – This paper focuses on the Nepalese technology sector and aims to investigate the specific dimensions of Emotional Intelligence (EI) that are most critical for leadership effectiveness. It examines the relationship between leadership effectiveness and five independent variables: self-awareness, social skills, cultural intelligence, resilience, and decision-making, aiming to determine their influence on leadership outcomes.
Design/methodology/approach – This study employs descriptive and correlational research designs to examine the impact of emotional intelligence factors on leadership effectiveness. Data were gathered using a cross-sectional method from a sample of 279 corporate employees in six IT companies in Nepal. The questionnaire uses a 5-point Likert scale.
Findings and conclusion – The study finds that emotional intelligence is a critical factor in effective leadership, as it enables leaders to understand and manage their emotions and those of their team members. The independent variables examined in this research are crucial elements of emotional intelligence, each contributing to various facets of leadership.
Implications – The study emphasizes how important emotional intelligence is to team dynamics, leadership, and organizational success. Prioritizing emotional intelligence (EI) training for leaders is critical for organizations because it can greatly improve employee motivation, conflict resolution, and interpersonal relationships. Additionally, a crucial tactic to address team needs and promote a positive workplace culture is the integration of EI assessment into leadership development and recruitment programs.
Characterization of Virulence Factors in Multidrug-Resistant Escherichia Coli Isolated from Intestinal and Extra - Intestinal Clinical Samples
Authors: Baral Soma Kanta , Dangol Geeta , Manandhar Krishna Das , Poudel Pramod 
Published: November 2024

Introduction: The global issue of antimicrobial resistance to human health is becoming increasingly concerning. Escherichia coli (E. coli) is a widespread pathogen that causes a wide range of illnesses. This is because multidrug-resistant (MDR) E. coli bacteria have emerged, proliferated, and remained persistent. Antimicrobial resistance is more predominant among pathogenic organisms compared to the commensal ones. The correlation between resistance and virulence factors could be a result of the successive exposure of pathogenic organisms to antibiotics. Therefore, the goal of our study was to detect some virulence factors in multidrug-resistant E. coli that were isolated from fecal and other clinical samples.
Methods: A laboratory-based cross-sectional study was conducted from October 2023 to March 2024, a period of six months. E. coli was isolated using standard microbiological methods from a range of clinical samples. Antibiotic susceptibility was done to identify MDR E. coli by Kirby-Bauer disk diffusion method. Different phenotypic assays were used to detect virulence factors.
Results: Out of 318 isolated E. coli from different clinical samples, 160 (50.3%) were found to be multidrug-resistant. Higher distribution of MDR E. coli (51.9%) was found in extra-intestinal samples than fecal specimen. MDR E. coli strains were highly resistant to most antimicrobials. The most common virulence factor was cell surface hydrophobicity (100%) followed by motility (83.7%), biofilm production (36.2%), serum resistance (25%),hemolysin production (15%) and gelatinase production (2.5%). There were multiple virulence factors found in 156 (97.5%) MDR E. coli isolates.
Conclusion: It was discovered that MDR E. coli strains obtained from patient intestinal and extra-intestinal samples were more virulent and more resistant to drugs.
Interleukin-6 in Hypothyroidism
Authors: Nagila Amar , Paudel Khem Raj , Subedi Bijay 
Published: November 2024

Background: Hypothyroidism means that the thyroid gland can’t produce enough thyroid hormones. Interleukin 6 (IL-6) a cytokine of innate immunity is a soluble mediator with a pleotropic effect on inflammation. Interleukin 6 test is helpful to study the hypothyroid status and to assess the adverse effects of hypothyroidism, was not studied in a tertiary care center in Pokhara, Nepal. The aim of this study is to determine the levels of interleukin 6 and to correlate with hypothyroidism.
Methodology: This was a hospital based cross-sectional study on 100 hypothyroid patients where samples were collected by convenient sampling from patients visiting the Tertiary care Hospital in Pokhara, Nepal. Thyroid function tests fT3, fT4 and TSH were analyzed by Chemiluminiscence Immunoassay (CLIA) for hypothyroidism. Interleukin 6 test was estimated by Immunofluorescence Assay (IFA). Excel-2010 and SPSS V 16.0 were used for data analysis.
Result: Among the total hypothyroid population, 83(83.0%) were subclinical and 17(17.0%) were overt cases. The 31(31.0%) of the total population has increased level of IL-6 and 69(69.0%) were normal. In this study, out of the 17% overt cases IL-6 was increased in 82.35 % cases and 17.65% of them found normal. In case of 83% subclinical hypothyroidism, IL-6 was increased in only 20.48% of cases and 79.52% of them found normal. There was a significant association between inflammatory status and hypothyroid status. IL-6 was significantly correlated with fT3 (r= -0.485, p<0.01fT4 (r= -0.521, p<0.01) and TSH (r= 0.547, p<0.01).
Conclusion: This study suggests that hypothyroid patients may have increased level of Interleukin 6. The frequency of inflammatory cases and severity of inflammation have been increased when cases worsen from subclinical to overt. Therefore, hypothyroidism must be treated early to avoid the consequences of inflammation.
Keywords: Hypothyroidism, Interleukin-6, fT3, fT4
Burden among Caregiver of End Stage Renal Disease Patient Undergoing Hemodialysis at Tertiary Care Hospital of Nepal
Authors: Jha Nilam Kumari , Shrestha Kshitiz , Tripathi Pratikshya , Dhimal Sita , Neupane Sarswata , Chapagain Sita 
Published: November 2024

Introduction: With a huge number of people being care dependent with most of the caregivers being informal and primarily female, the emotional, physical, social, and financial burden increases for the caregivers. End-stage renal disease (ESRD) is a major cause of elderly patients admitted to hospitals, mostly relying on hemodialysis. Their caregivers are at high risk of having moderate to severe burdens. Zarit’s burden scale is a verified 22-item Linkert scale questionnaire that is reliable to measure burden in people who have been caretakers for over a year, have some financial burden, and are a family member.
Materials and Methods: Caretakers of hemodialysis patients (55 in number) were included in the survey at the Nephrology unit of Nobel Medical College and Teaching Hospital. Zarit’s Burden scale was weighted against age, sex, religion, education, occupation, family type, marital status, and relationship with the patient, and the severity of the burden was estimated.
Results: 69.1% of the caretakers had moderate to severe burden with more than half (65.5%) of caretakers over 40 years of age. 60% of the caretakers were female. More than 2/3rd (70.9%) of caretakers were the significant other of the patient. A significant relation between age, occupation, and relationship with the patient was found with the level of burden present.
Conclusions: The study reveals the status of caretakers of hemodialysis patients in eastern Nepal. The study reveals differences in caretaker demographics and level of burden being largely affected by age, occupation, and relationship.
Introduction
Authors: Kalb Don , Steur Luisa 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
Europe and the people without history (EPWH), published in 1982, challenged anthropology's focus on localism, synchronism, and culturalism, providing a meticulous exposition of multiscalar social relationships in motion. Wolf's bundles of “key relationships” of accumulation and social reproduction formed a breakthrough for holistic relational and realist modes of explanation. Wolf's vision remains essential in capturing capitalism's ongoing uneven and combined concoctions. This theme section revisits EPWH's immanent possibilities – cut short by the “cultural turn” – through critical engagement with Wolf's intellectual toolkit and particularly by building on his analysis as practiced in EPWH. It thereby extends Wolf's vision to questions of political ecology, debt and financialization, hidden histories of class struggle, the contradictory unity of theory and practice, and “planning” as a distinct logic of organizing value.
People without history in financial capitalism
Authors: Vetta Theodora , Muriel Irene Sabaté 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
In Wolf's EPWH, the importance of debt for scaffolding the expansion of the capitalist mode of production was shown repeatedly, despite not being treated as a distinct phenomenon. In the forty years that have gone by since the publication of the book, financial debt has gained centrality in global accumulation processes. The advancing frontier of financialization, reminiscent of that of earlier capitalist expansion, as well as its effects on particular groups and localities, has been a recurrent object of analysis in recent anthropological scholarship, often with a focus on the sphere of circulation and consumption. This article contends that the Wolfian conceptual toolkit, and particularly the notion of labor, should be brought back into the equation for addressing debt and credit relations in contemporary times.
Wolf's Marxian Marxism and the contradictory unity of theory and practice
Authors: Steur Luisa 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
This article explores Wolf's insistence in EPHW that he was practicing “Marxian” rather than Marxist anthropology. It presents the reasons for Wolf's distancing from “Marxism” and discusses to what extent these remain relevant today. It then moves to offer suggestions on working more explicitly toward the “contradictory unity of theory and practice” that characterizes any good scholarship drawing on Marx—including Wolf's. Finally, I discuss instances in my own work of trying to move within a Marxian/Marxist dialectic: the way I employed a Wolfian analysis to contribute insights of use to a broader politics of labor and formulate an immanent critique of existing Marxist practices. The article ends by presenting radical inspiration from one of my Marxist-Ambedkarite interlocutors in Kerala.
Toward a planetary ethnography?
Authors: Büscher Bram 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
It is time for anthropology to reclaim truth and speak it to capitalist power more forcefully. The rise of post-truth and the truth of our planetary socioecological predicaments demand this. How to do so is not straightforward. Recalibrating deconstruction and finding a new balance between epistemic solidities and shifting sands is only part of the task. The greater anthropological challenge is reorienting ethnography from frictions (how “global connections” fragment) to tensions (how and why contradictory global connections came about and endure or not). To explore this reorientation, I propose a political ecology of truth and the cultivation of a planetary ethnography. Both aspire to do anthropological justice to the dramatic transformations in our dominant planetary consciousness and the contradictory socioecological predicaments this is mired in.
The Focaal 100
Authors: Editors The 
Published: November 2024

To suggest that a new humility is necessary for the Left is to insist that our texts are indispensable but not sacred.
—China Miéville, A Spectre, Haunting

On the occasion of the one hundredth issue of Focaal—Journal of Global and Historical Anthropology the editors have created the Focaal 100, a list of one hundred works that we consider indispensable. True to the epigraphic quote, we do not consider these to be sacred texts. Rather, each of us chose several that are signposts for how to think about the ways that history, power, and social relations at all scales shape the places we study, the lives that are lived there, and the paths for transformation. Not sacred texts but certainly valuable ones. We would expect that editors one hundred issues from now would select different ones, useful for the struggles and conditions they will confront in that future.
Historia de un Despojo Palma Aceitera: Violencia y Acaparamiento de Tierras de Pueblos Indígenas y Afrodescendientes en Colombia y Perú
Authors: Soupplet Raquel Viviana Neyra 
Published: November 2024

La palma aceitera fue introducida en el transcurso del siglo XX en Colombia y posteriormente en Perú. La superficie de cultivo no ha cesado de incrementarse en estos dos países, países que estudiamos comparativamente en este artículo. Las condiciones edáficas ideales para su cultivo se encuentran en territorios mayormente habitados por poblaciones indígenas u originarias. Después de repasar brevemente los antecedentes coloniales del acaparamiento de tierras, nos centraremos en estudiar la expansión del cultivo particularmente sobre el territorio de los pueblos indígenas, expansión muchas veces acompañada de violencia y de deforestación a pesar de las afirmaciones contrarias de los organismos palmeros y de los organismos estatales. Más recientemente, para evitar situaciones de violencia y de acaparamiento, se han desarrollado mecanismos de mercado para atraer a la población indígena –y campesina- en la producción, lo que constituye una amenaza real al bosque, a la soberanía alimentaria y a la supervivencia de las culturas indígenas. Los palmeros peruanos aplican estos mecanismos después de realizar pasantías en Colombia. Demostráremos que la expansión del cultivo de la palma aceitera es una historia de despojo y violencia y continúa en la actualidad.
Concepção de Desenvolvimento Sustentável para a Governança Internacional: Análise dos Eventos Históricos até a Agenda 2030
Authors: Faustino Annemara , Mantovaneli Junior Oklinger , Barbosa Valeska Cristina 
Published: November 2024

O desenvolvimento sustentável tem adquirido destaque nas agendas globais, com a busca por conciliar o avanço socioeconômico com a preservação da sustentabilidade ambiental. A governança internacional é um caminho para a possibilidade de uma gestão sustentável, essencial na definição e implementação de estratégias para alcançar a sustentabilidade até a Agenda 2030. Esta pesquisa propõe uma análise dos eventos históricos relacionados a concepção de uma gestão sustentável a partir de uma governança internacional do século XIX ao XXI. Por meio de uma revisão sistemática da literatura, da análise de documentos relevantes e de eventos internacionais, identificando os marcos históricos que tiveram impacto significativo nesses conceitos. Destacam–se as conferências internacionais, relatórios e acordos que contribuíram para a construção de uma agenda global voltada à sustentabilidade, como os marcos históricos: Conferência de Estocolmo em 1972, Relatório Brundtland em 1987, Cúpula da Terra no Rio de Janeiro em 1992 e Agendas da Organização das Nações Unidas (ONU) até os Objetivos de Desenvolvimento Sustentável (ODS). Em comum, esses marcos históricos tiveram como objetivo permitir um amplo conhecimento sobre governança internacional voltada para a gestão sustentável, fornecendo uma visão abrangente das bases conceituais e práticas relacionadas a esses temas. Além disso, possibilitam uma reflexão sobre desafios e oportunidades no contexto do desenvolvimento sustentável, que se relacionam com a concepção da Agenda 2030.
Experiência docente em enfermagem em estágio pós-doutoral
Authors: Santos Kelli Borges dos , Püschel Vilanice Alves de Araújo , Lockwood Craig 
Published: November 2024

Objetivo: Relatar a experiência de estágio pós-doutoral, em que parte foi realizada em universidade estrangeira. Resultados: Trata-se de um relato de experiência sobre a participação no Programa de Pós-doutorado da Escola de Enfermagem da Universidade de São Paulo, realizado de abril de 2018 a setembro de 2019. Durante as atividades de pós-doutorado foi possível participar de cursos, palestras, eventos científicos e disciplinas relacionadas à pesquisa em enfermagem. Houve a oportunidade de ministrar aulas e vivenciar experiência de estágio em instituição internacional de pesquisa. Tais atividades, apesar de serem desafiadoras e desgastantes devido à logística de mobilidade, contribuíram para a formação de professor e pesquisador, além de tornar contribuir para a capacitação e retorno para a instituição de origem e realizar transformações importantes no seu cenário de trabalho. Conclusão: O intercâmbio é oportunidade de aprimorar currículo, ampliar conhecimento, conhecer diferentes linhas de pesquisas e teorias voltadas ao ensino de enfermagem.
Possibilidades da aplicação de diferentes modelos de remuneração da prestação de serviços no Sistema de Saúde Suplementar
Authors: Lima Antonio Fernandes Costa , Leal Caroline Rife Nobrega 
Published: November 2024

Objetivo: discorrer sobre diferentes modelos de remuneração passíveis de aplicação no Sistema de Saúde Suplementar. Método: Estudo reflexivo que sintetiza os principais aspectos de diferentes modelos de remuneração a partir das referências disponíveis na literatura. Resultados: As Instituições de saúde privadas, seguradoras e operadoras de planos de saúde podem inovar as formas de se relacionar substituindo o tradicional Fee for service (pagamento por serviço) por outros modelos como o Bundled Payments (pagamento por pacotes), Pay for Performance (pagamento por desempenho), Diagnosis Related Groupings (Grupo de Diagnósticos Homogênos) e Capitation (Capitação). A adoção intencional de um novo modelo pode resultar em alternativas que tornem o custo do atendimento previsível e associado ao desempenho, incentivando a qualidade assistencial, para além do volume de serviços, e o alcance do equilíbrio financeiro. Considerações Finais: Praticar diferentes modelos de remuneração pode gerar melhores resultados associados ao Sistema de Saúde Suplementar e proporcionar o incremento de custos beneficiando prestadores de serviços, fontes pagadoras e pacientes/clientes.
ПОРІВНЯЛЬНИЙ АНАЛІЗ ВІТЧИЗНЯНОЇ ТА ЄВРОПЕЙСЬКОЇ ПОЖЕЖНИХ КЛАСИФІКАЦІЙ БУДІВЕЛЬНОЇ ПРОДУКЦІЇ
Authors: Хроменков Дмитро , Кравченко Ростислав , Ільченко Ніна , Корольова Олена , Гулик Юрій 
Published: November 2024

Актуальність роботи пов’язана з вирішенням проблеми усунення невідповідності між європейською та вітчизняною пожежною класифікацією будівельної продукції. Проблемою запровадження європейської пожежної класифікації будівельної продукції в Україні є відсутність даних щодо відповідності такої продукції, виготовленої вітчизняними виробниками, вимогам європейських стандартів, відсутність відповідного випробувального устатковання в лабораторіях України та суттєві відмінності між вітчизняною й європейською пожежними класифікаціями будівельних матеріалів, виробів та конструкцій. На основі результатів аналітичних досліджень та порівняльного аналізу європейського та національного досвіду щодо особливостей використання пожежної класифікації будівельної продукції в ході якого було визначено категорії, групи і види будівельної продукції та їхні суттєві пожежні характеристики засобів протипожежного захисту будівель, зокрема обґрунтовано властивості суттєвої пожежної характеристики будівельної продукції, класи щодо реакції на вогонь будівельної продукції, критерії показників вогнестійкості будівельної продукції. Проведений аналіз щодо реалізації пожежної класифікації будівельної продукції дає більш чітку картину проблематики впровадження Європейської пожежної класифікації, а саме головне питання, щодо прийняття концепції з проведення подальшої адаптації та реалізації Європейської пожежної класифікації в національних нормативних документах. На підставі вищезазначеного актуальним є встановлення взаємозв’язку між класами, показниками і критеріями оцінки пожежної небезпеки будівельної продукції, встановленими в українських та європейських нормативних документах.
Efficacy of azvudine plus dexamethasone in severe hospitalized patients with Omicron infection: a prospective multicenter study
Authors: Zhang Meng-Lan , Wei Xiao-Ying , Su Nan , Jiang Jung-Hong , Xu Guo-Peng , Zeng Da-Xiong 
Published: November 2024

BackgroundAzvudine (AZV), the first Chinese oral anti-coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) drug, has shown substantial clinical benefits to viral clearance and prognosis in patients with mild and common COVID-19. However, there is no evidence in severe hospitalized COVID-19 patients.MethodsIn this multicenter study, we analyzed 209 severe hospitalized COVID-19 patients in four hospitals. All the clinical data and the 28-day composite outcomes were recorded. All of the patients were categorized into two groups according to drug: the dexamethasone (DXM) group and the azvudine plus dexamethasone (AZV+DXM) group.ResultsThere were no differences in sex, age, BMI, and underlying diseases between the two groups. The ratio of the 28-day composite outcome was lower for the AZV+DXM group than that for the DXM group (16.97% vs. 31.82%, p = 0.029). The viral clearance time was shorter in the AZV+DXM group than in the DXM group (7.32 ± 2.57 vs. 8.55 ± 2.34 days, p = 0.017). The PaO2/FiO2 levels on day 5 (258.89 ± 55.22 vs. 233.12 ± 60.51, p = 0.026) and day 10 (289.48 ± 44.09 vs. 261.52 ± 37.34, p = 0.015) were higher in the AZV+DXM group than the DXM group. However, data on the hospitalization duration of the two groups were similar. Cox analysis showed the benefit of AZV+DXM in the subgroups of ≥65 years old, multiple organ dysfunction syndrome (MODS), cerebrovascular disease, C-reactive protein (CRP) ≥70mg/L, and D-dimer ≥1 µg/L.ConclusionThis study is the first to indicate that treatment with AZV+DXM might benefit severe Omicron-infected patients compared with DXM treatment alone. This finding demonstrates, at least partly, the necessity of antiviral treatment in severe patients.