bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
ИССЛЕДОВАНИЯ ВЫСОКОТЕМПЕРАТУРНОЙ КОРРОЗИИ SiC-ПОКРЫТИЯ НА ГРАФИТЕ
Authors: Аскербеков Саулет Каныбекулы , Чихрай Евгений Васильевич , Понкратов Юрий Валентинович , Никитенков Николай Николаевич 
Published: June 2019

Актуальность исследования обусловлена перспективой создания казахстанского высокотемпературного газоохлаждаемого реактора, в котором будет применен новый набор реакторных графитов и пиролитических углеродных покрытий элементов топлива. На топливных элементах реактора будут использованы покрытия из карбида кремния (SiC) поверх графитой или пироуглеродной оcновы. Цель: определить скорость и особенности протекания высокотемпературной коррозии реакторного графита с SiC-покрытием в диапазоне температур от 750 до 1400 °С при начальном давлении паров воды в камере 100 Па. Объект: изотропный мелкозернистый графит марки IG-110 с защитным SiC-покрытием толщиной 200 мк. Методы: десорбция продуктов коррозии с поверхности и объема образца в присутствии паров воды при различных исследуемых температурах, масс-спектрометрическая регистрация состава газов в рабочей камере, микроструктурные исследования, Рамановская спектроскопия, энерго-дисперсная рентгеновская спектроскопия. Результаты. Установлено, что реакция SiC-покрытия с водяным паром при давлении 100 Па и выше происходит с образованием защитного слоя аморфного диоксида кремния SiO2 (пассивное окисление SiC). Коррозия SiC в парах воды при температурах 1100–1400 С происходит на порядок интенсивнее, чем при 750–900 °С. Разработана модель для аналитического описания результатов экспериментов и рассчитаны значения скорости реакции водяного пара с покрытием SiC при температурах 1400, 1300, 1200, 1100 и 1000 С. Анализ изменения микроструктуры образцов после коррозионного эксперимента свидетельствует об образовании на поверхности карбида кремния защитного слоя SiO2, характерного для механизма пассивного окисления SiC.. Результаты исследования позволяют заключить, что реакторный графит с SiC-покрытием обладает лучшими антикоррозионными свойствами по сравнению с чистым графитом, а SiC может быть применен для химической защиты графитовых и углеродных слоев топлива высокотемпературного газоохлаждаемого реактора.
THE PERCEPTION OF PONOROGO MUSLIM SOCIETY IN CHOOSING ISLAMIC BANKING SERVICES
Authors: Santoso Adi , Kristiyana Naning 
Published: June 2019

<em>Research on the perception of Ponorogo Muslim society in choosing Islamic banking services aims to know their perception toward Islamic bank and to determine the financial transaction done by them. This research was conducted in Ponorogo using quantitative descriptive research method. The population is lecturers of STAIN and FAI UNMUH Ponorogo. The sample of the research is 75 respondents. Primary data were collected using questionnaire. Analysis of the data in the field done by using descriptive quantitative format.Perception of both lecturers of STAIN Ponorogo and Islamic Faculty of UNMUH Ponorogo toward Islamic bank is good. It can be seen from the behavior of the consumers / respondents which was influenced by the factor of education in which it is majority dominated bypostgraduate level, culture factor through Islamic culture in work environment both in STAIN and UNMUH Ponorogo, as well as the stimulus of knowing Islamic products that generate the perception as a feedback of the stimulus. Financial transactions carried out by most of the respondents, or 63% of respondents use the services of conventional banks and <strong>Sharia</strong> banks, while those who use only pure Islamic financial services are just 11 respondents from the whole number of respondents. This has become a new phenomenon found in this study and the respondents use the services of conventional and <strong>Sharia</strong> banks are based on the rules of the institution where they work.</em>
Early Intervention in Psychosis in Young People: A Population and Public Health Perspective
Authors: Malla Ashok , McGorry Patrick 
Published: June 2019

Over the past two decades or more, the creation of early intervention services (EIS) for psychoses has been regarded as one of the most significant developments in the reform of mental health services. The development of EIS is based on evidence of their superior effectiveness on multiple domains compared with regular care and the well-established relationship between delay in treatment of psychosis and outcome. The benefits of EIS may, however, be underutilized because of a patchy implementation even within high-income countries, low attention to actively reducing delays in treatment, inadequate knowledge about the length and dose of EIS required, and a lack of a population perspective in research and service planning. In this commentary, we offer some suggestions of how to address these challenges.
What patients really got and what they wanted in surgical informed consent: a cross-sectional survey in China
Authors: Wu Jing , Yu Jiajia , Ye Xuchun , Wu Qing , Luo Chenling 
Published: June 2019

Abstract
Background

Informed consent (IC) is a fundamental element of modern clinical medicine based on the spirit of individual autonomy. Patients’ comprehension of the key elements of clinical IC is often poor.

Aims and Objectives

This study aimed to explore patients’ perceptions and expectations of IC process in invasive and surgical procedures.

Design

A cross-sectional descriptive study was carried out in Shanghai, China.

Methods

A self-administered structured questionnaire was developed to evaluate patients’ perceptions and expectations of the IC process. In total, 317 individuals were included in the final analysis.

Results

Majority (73.8%) of the process was undertaken one day prior to the procedure and nearly half (47.6%) lasted less than 15 minutes. Most (96.8%) patients were given verbal explanation information by healthcare professionals. The nature of illness, potential risks and complications (74.1%) and the necessity of the procedure (69.4%) were mostly memorized while alternative treatments rarely (13.6%). Patients expected their family members involved in the decision making and could be provided more time to read the IC document and prepare for the decision-making. What the patients got was significantly different from what they expected in the following aspects, such as who participated in IC, where and when it took place, how long it lasted and main contents that should be discussed in IC (P <0.05). Statistically significant relationship was found in expectations of IC patients and their income and payment type of medical expenses (P <0.05).

Discussion

This study explored patients’ expectation and perception of IC process regarding invasive procedures. Patients wanted to be more involved in IC process. To promote patient participation, more time should be given to the patients to comprehend and understand the IC document. In addition, information related with long-term issues should be discussed as a focal point. There is a need to re-consider IC process and to develop methods to promote the patients’ satisfaction in achieving autonomy.
Identification of novel anthocyanins synthesis pathway from fungus, Aspergillus sydowii H-1
Authors: Bu Congfan , Zhang Qian , Zeng Jie , Cao Xiyue , Hao Zhaonan , Qiao Dairong , Xu Hui , Cao Yi 
Published: June 2019

Abstract
Background

Anthocyanins are common substance in people's production and life. Usually it was used as a natural dye, more and more studies have shown that anthocyanins have potential preventive and / or therapeutic effects on human health, such as improving cardiovascular function and treating obesity. However, anthocyanins are generally thought to occur only in natural plants. The difficulty of mass production limits the application of anthocyanins in industry. Production of anthocyanins from microbial fermentation is not restricted by time, space and environmental conditions as compared with plants, which makes it more anxious to obtain anthocyanins from microorganisms. Here, we firstly reported a fungus, Aspergillus sydowii H-1which can produce anthocyanins under the specific fermentation, and analyzed its metabolome and transcriptome.

Results

All of the 31 gene loci related to anthocyanins synthesis pathway were identified in A. sydowii H-1, and almost all of those genes display high correlation with the data from metabolome. Among them, chalcone synthase gene (CHS) and cinnamate-4-hydroxylase gene (C4H) were only found using denovo assembly without reference, and interestingly, the best hits of these two genes all belong to plant species. Therefore, the plant-derived genes, CHS and C4H, may be one of the reasons why A. sydowii H-1 can produce anthocyanins. We also identified 530 lncRNAs in our datasets, and among them, three lncRNAs targeted to the genes related to anthocyanins biosynthesis via cis-regulation, which likewise provide clues for the underlying mechanism of anthocyanins’ production in the fungi.

Conclusions

In this study, we discovered a fungus, Aspergillus sydowii H-1, which can produce anthocyanins under the specific fermentation condition. It’s the first report that anthocyanins can be produced in non-plant species.
High Triglyceride/HDL Cholesterol Ratio is Associated with Silent Brain Infarcts in a Healthy Population
Authors: Nam Ki-Woong , Author) Hyung-Min Kwon(Former Corresponding , Jeong Han-Yeong , Author) Jin-Ho Park(New Corresponding , Kwon Hyuktae , Jeong Su-Min 
Published: June 2019

Abstract
Background: Triglycerides (TG)/high-density lipoprotein (HDL) cholesterol ratio is a marker of small/dense low-density lipoprotein particles, which are closely associated with various metabolic and vascular diseases. However, the role of TG/HDL cholesterol ratio in cerebrovascular diseases has not been well studied. In this study, we evaluated the relationship between TG/HDL cholesterol ratio and the presence of silent brain infarct (SBI) in a neurologically healthy population. Methods: We retrospectively evaluated consecutive participants in health check-ups between January 2006 and December 2013. SBI was defined as an asymptomatic, well-defined lesion with a diameter of ≥ 3 mm on T1- or T2-weighted images. TG/HDL cholesterol ratio was calculated after dividing absolute TG levels by absolute HDL cholesterol levels. Results: Of 3,172 healthy participants, 263 (8.3%) had SBI lesions. In multivariate analysis, TG/HDL cholesterol ratio was independently associated with SBI (adjusted odds ratio [aOR] = 1.16, 95% confidence interval [CI] = 1.00 to 1.34, P = 0.047). This association was prominent in males (aOR = 1.23, 95% CI = 1.03 to 1.48, P = 0.021), but not in females. In the analyses of the relationships between lipid parameters and SBI lesion burden, TG/HDL cholesterol ratio was positively correlated, and total cholesterol/TG ratio was negatively correlated with SBI lesion burden, in dose-response manners (P for trend = 0.015 and 0.002, respectively). Conclusions: The TG/HDL cholesterol ratio was positively associated with the prevalence of SBI in a neurologically healthy population.
Stem Cells-based and Molecular-based Approaches in Regenerative Dentistry: A Topical Review
Authors: Tatullo Marco , Codispoti Bruna , Sied Jamal , Makeeva Irina , Paduano Francesco , Marrelli Massimo , Spagnuolo Gianrico 
Published: June 2019

Background::
Regenerative medicine is a growing branch of medicine aimed to treat damaged
or lost tissues, to promote tissue formation and to restore both aesthetics and function. In the last
years, several scientific articles have been focused on the regenerative procedures aimed to increase
the survival rate of compromised teeth; the most effective approaches have been based on molecularbased
and on cellular-based protocols; however, to date, both these techniques have not been carefully
analysed and discussed, to know in details the advantages of each of them.

Methods::
A literature search was undertaken on three electronic scientific databases: Medline via
PubMed, EMBASE and Google Scholar. Authors aimed to select such articles published in the time
span from January 1961 until December 2017. The authors screened the titles and the abstracts including
the following keywords combinations: “Pulp AND Therapy”, “Regenerative AND Endodontic”,
and “Endodontics AND Tissue engineering”. After the exclusion of any not related articles, the full
text of such papers related to the topics was included in this review.

Results::
Following the removal of duplicate articles and of other types of publications (such as erratum
and corrigendum), 621 articles were selected to be included and analysed in our topical review.
The articles were analysed into the following sections: cellular-based approaches for dental regeneration,
molecular-based and combined cellular/molecular-based approaches for dental regeneration, and
translational applications of regenerative dentistry.

Conclusion::
This topical review has been focused on the main, the most promising and the most innovative
strategies for achieving the regeneration of dental pulp or dental tissues. The main and surprising
“take-home message” is related to the great interest towards the dental-derived stem cells, characterized
by a high angiogenic and neurogenic commitment. Future challenges will be focused on the
development of biological-friendly regenerative strategies: the new approaches should overcome the
current biological limitations, to promote the combined cellular and molecular-based treatments, able
to ensure predictable clinical evidence, with the achievement of the regeneration/repairing of the compromised
dental pulp and of the entire tooth structure.
A Framework for Evaluating Extensibility in an Aspect-oriented Software System and its Validation
Authors: Kaur Amandeep , Grover P.S. , Dixit Ashutosh 
Published: June 2019

Background:
Modern day software applications involve management and processing of
huge amount of data, originating from a variety of sources such as Internet of Things. Such data
may be dynamic, homogenous or heterogeneous. Such data is processed by the users according to
their own specific needs through programming code. The coding tool should be such that it is extensible
and appropriate to manage such data. The aspect-oriented approach of programming can
be a good option to handle such data for extracting useful and timely information. Aspect-oriented
approach can contribute positively in extending the software design and code dynamically.

Objective:
The aim of the research is to provide a formal framework for evaluating the extensibility
of the software.

Methods:
In order to design a framework for extensibility, a maintainability model is used. By applying
the maintainability model, a novel framework for evaluating the extensibility characteristic
is exhibited. The proposed framework is tested for a set of aspect-based software. Also, validation
of the proposed extensibility metric is done by applying Karl Pearson Product Moment Correlation
method. Finally, a comparison is made between software built using object-oriented approach and
aspect-oriented approach.

Results:
Results suggest that novel framework for extensibility is a valid framework. Further, the
findings reveal a strong positive relation between the selected attributes and extensibility. Also, after
comparison it was found that, software built using aspect-oriented approach is more extensible
than the one built using object-oriented approach.

Conclusion:
The experimental results show that the level of sub-attributes can contribute effectively
to determine the level of extensibility, with design size being the top contributor, followed by
complexity, coupling and cohesion. And the proposed framework is found to help software developers
in selecting software that can be easily extensible.
Design and Experiments of a Waveform Generator Based on DDS Technology
Authors: Chen Linlin , Sun Qun , Zhao Ying , Wang Chong 
Published: June 2019

Background:
Signal generator plays a crucial role in the field of automatic measurement.
However, Domestic signal generator usually uses a number of discrete phases locked loop components,
whose circuits are usually complex with low precision and are easily affected by the external
environment.

Objective:
Based on direct digital synthesis (DDS) technology, a small sized high precision economic
waveform generator with a simple structure and operational convenience is developed.

Methodology:
The hardware circuit is designed with an AT89S52 controller, and the corresponding
peripheral circuit. A DDS integrated chip AD9834 is employed as a signal source, and the modular
programming principle with C and assembly language is used to accomplish the software design,
through which the sine wave, square wave, triangular wave signals with adjustable amplitude, frequency,
and TTL signal with adjustable duty ratio can be generated.

Conclusion:
The whole system is advantageous with several aspects such as high frequency precision,
wide frequency range, and operational convenience. The experimental results show that the
stability and reliability of the waveform generator are good with a simple hardware circuit structure.
An Insight Into Unani Hypoglycemic Drugs And Their Mechanism of Action
Authors: Nikhat Sadia , Fazil Mohd. 
Published: June 2019

Background:
Diabetes mellitus type-II is a major public health problem characterized by hypo-insulinemia and insulin resistance leading to hyperglycemia and its complications. In Unani medicine, it is known as ziyābetus. Several drugs are prescribed in Unani medicine as single and compound formulations for various abnormalities caused by the disease. Most of these drugs have been studied on scientific parameters and have shown significant activity in reducing the symptoms and complications of diabetes.

Objectives:
The literature research was planned with the objective to find out the action mechanisms of certain selected herbal drugs of Unani medicine, with evidence of their efficacy.

Methods:
Unani literature was first reviewed extensively and the most frequently-prescribed and easily available drugs for diabetes were selected, followed by a search on major internet search engines for scientific evidence of their efficacy alongwith information of their active ingredient and dosage. Ten drugs were selected for the present review.

Results and Conclusion:
There is convincing evidence to suggest that the selected drugs have a promising action against diabetes and its complications. Also, there are largely no adverse events reported and some of the preparation methods described in Unani medicine have been proven to reduce or eliminate the adverse events, if any.
330 MWth ÇAN DOLAŞIMLI AKIŞKAN YATAKLI TERMİK SANTRAL KAZANININ HESAPLAMALI PARTİKÜL AKIŞKANLAR DİNAMİĞİ METODUYLA SAYISAL ANALİZİ
Authors: GÜREL Barış , İPEK Osman 
Published: June 2019

Son
yıllarda Türkiye linyitlerinin %88’ini oluşturan düşük kaliteli linyitlerin
temiz ve verimli bir şekilde yakılabilmesini sağlayan en önemli yakma
teknolojisi olarak CFBB (Dolaşımlı Akışkan Yataklı Kazan) sistemleri öne
çıkmaktadır. Bu çalışmada, çalışır durumda ve 330 MWth kapasitesindeki
ÇTS (Çan Termik Santrali) CFBB sistemine ait otomasyon odasından alınan sınır koşulları
ve yanma odası geometrik parametreleri dikkate alınarak, CPFD (Hesaplamalı
Partikül Akışkanlar Dinamiği) metodu yardımıyla sistemin sayısal analizi gerçekleştirilmiştir.
Analizlerde, yanma
odasındaki basınç, sıcaklık, O2, CO2, H2O ve
SO2 mol oranlarındaki değişimler incelenmiştir. Elde edilen analiz sonuçlara
göre, ÇTS kazan tabanındaki basıncın 108401
Pa, sıcaklığın 1093 K, mol oranları ise
O2 için 0,01, CO2 için 0,04, H2Oiçin 0,077
ve SO2 için 0,005 olduğu
gözlemlenirken, kazan çıkışındaki ise sıcaklığın 1015 K, mol oranlarının O2
için 0,08, CO2 için 0,05, H2O için 0,049
ve SO2 için 0,003 olduğu
görülmüştür. Sunulan çalışmada kapsamında,, pratik sonuçlarla oldukça uyumlu olduğu sayısal sonuçlar elde
edilmiştir. Gerçekleştirilen
matematiksel modellemede, yanma ve basınç özelliklerinin yanı sıra önemli
emisyonlar ve partikül hidrodinamik akışı da modellenmiştir. Bu durum da CPFD metoduyla
geliştirilen matematiksel modelin,akışın ve yanma prosesinin modellenmesinde çok
büyük kolaylık oluşturduğunu göstermiştir. CPFD
metoduyla doğrulanan
sayısal model kullanılarak, 0,5-100 MWth arasında değişen farklı
kapasitede CFBB sistemlerinin tasarımları ve sınır koşullarının optimize edilebileceği sonucuna ulaşılmıştır.
Partidos políticos y políticas públicas. ¿Qué pasa con la representación parlamentaria en México?
Authors: Béjar Algazi Luisa 
Published: June 2019

<p>En el presente texto se indagan tres cuestiones, a la luz de las dificultades actuales de los partidos: 1. ¿Qué campos de política pública priorizan los legisladores al presentar iniciativas, y en cuáles deciden sus liderazgos apoyar su aprobación? 2. ¿De qué manera influye en este comportamiento, que el partido se encuentre al frente del gobierno o en la oposición? Con base en esta información, 3. ¿Qué tan justificado es el descontento de la ciudadanía por su actuación como representantes? El argumento central es que los legisladores y los partidos políticos que representan, tienden a privilegiar su vínculo con el Estado, por lo que su legitimidad como agentes de representación ante el Congreso se ha visto profundamente deteriorada</p>
La racionalidad y contexto político-institucional en la ideación de las políticas públicas
Authors: Mballa Louis Valentin 
Published: June 2019

<p>El objetivo de este artículo es establecer que las políticas públicas son procesos racionales que incorporan datos y evidencia “objetiva” para atender una situación problemática en la sociedad. Por lo tanto, los avatares de la racionalidad y del contexto político-institucional implican que las políticas públicas no son procesos mecánicos del tipo medio-fin, de ejecución automática, en las que lo decidido en la fase de formulación deba ser lo que va a dar sentido a la razón de ser (ontología) de las políticas públicas. Por el contrario, son una compleja interconexión de procesos, en la cual los problemas públicos son constantemente redefinidos, reinventados y reorientados hacia su solución</p>
El interregno presidencial de 2018 en México
Authors: Bolívar Meza Rosendo 
Published: June 2019

<p>El interregno presidencial es el periodo que va del día de la elección hasta la toma de posesión del cargo, por parte del candidato electo que va a convertirse en presidente constitucional, pasando por la calificación de la elección, la emisión oficial del resultado electoral y la declaratoria de presidente electo, periodo durante el cual se planea la construcción del nuevo gobierno. En el caso de este artículo, se analiza el interregno presidencial de 2018 en México, que va desde el día de la elección presidencial que llevó al triunfo electoral a Andrés Manuel López Obrador,<br />el 1 de julio de 2018, hasta su toma de posesión como presidente constitucional, el día 1 de diciembre de ese mismo año</p>
El Moisés de Maquiavelo, o de cómo combatir la envidia
Authors: Tavera Villegas Hugo David 
Published: June 2019

<p>En este ensayo argumento que si bien la atracción que Maquiavelo siente hacia la figura de Moisés es compartida con muchos de sus contemporáneos, la interpretación que ofrece acerca de éste se aleja del marco de lectura entonces dominante, fuertemente influido por la recepción del pensamiento político de Platón. Mientras que dentro de dicho contexto Moisés era considerado el paradigma del “legislador-filósofo”, para Maquiavelo el líder de los judíos es el ejemplo privilegiado del “profeta armado”, de aquel que para proteger los nuevos órdenes de la envidia<br />de los grandes, procede a armar el deseo del pueblo de no ser dominado</p>