bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Groundwater Quality Studies Using Geographic Information System in Dharmapuri District, Tamil Nadu, India
Authors: Rajendran V. , Venkatasubramani R. , Suresh M. 
Published: May 2018

This scientific report deals with the quality of groundwater for drinking purpose in the hard-rock aquifer of Dharmapuri district, Tamil Nadu South India. 135 Groundwater samples were collected based on the equal grid method and groundwater quality was assessed. Geographically the aerial extent of the study area is plain portion 3313.15 Sq.Km and Hill and forest 1346.25 Sq.Km. groundwater samples was analyzed in various physicochemical parameters and major ion chemistry like pH, EC, TDS, Ca2+, Mg2+, Na+, K+, HCO3-, Cl-, SO42-, NO3- and F-. Based on the analytical results, to prepared spatial distribution maps with help of WHO standard. ArcGIS was employed. Attributes were linked and spatial interpolation tool was used. IDW technique was followed for raster and vector mapping. Finally integration analysis was carried out to locate the worst quality zone. Based on the analysis, most of the samples are suitable for drinking. The final integrated map (Drinking quality) reveals that for suitable for drinking and domestic purpose. “Not permissible” water quality zone cover about area 2467.09 sq. km respectively. While “Maximum allowable” water quality zone cover an area of 836.87 sq. km. The “Most desirable” water quality zone an area 9.19 sq.km for drinking and domestic purposes.
Corrosion Inhibition of Mild-Steel in (1M) HCl using Spands Reagent
Authors: Hussain Ala' a. A. 
Published: May 2018

The effect of Spands Reagent on the dissolution of Mild-steel in 1M HCl solution was studied using weight loss and galvanostatic polarization techniques. The inhibition efficiency of inhibitor increases with concentration to attain (75.26%) at concentration 1×10-2 M ,and standing time for 180 min at 25°C. Temperature effect on the corrosion behavior was studied at temperature range from 25-45°C, the results showed that inhibition efficiency decreased with increasing temperature to attain (64.53%) at concentration 1×10-2 M at 45°C and with standing time equal to 180 min. The effect of temperature on the rate of corrosion in the absence and presence of Spands Reagent was also studied. The Kinetic Parameters were calculated and discussed. The polarization curves revealed that the studied inhibitor represent a mixed–type inhibitors. Adsorption of inhibitor was isotherm physisorption type.
Oxidative cyclisation and methylene insertion in 1,3-indandione derivatives .The mechanistic studies
Authors: Zargar N .D . 
Published: May 2018

Dimethyl sulphoxide activated by acetic-anhydride introduces methylthiomethyl group into phenols,oxidises certain medicinally useful secondary alcohols to their corresponding ketones and brings about oxidative rearrangements in different substrates.It converts 4-hydroxy coumarins and dicoumarols,under varying conditions,to a variety of products of both pharmaceutical and mechanistic interest.
When1,3-indandione (1) was interacted with this versatile reagent at water bath temperature,it afforded an ylide (2) and an oxidative cyclisation product (3).However,its interaction with Ar â€“CH = (CN)R,leads to the formation of a mechanistically interesting compound,indeno[1,2-b]-4H pyran(4).
DMSO alone has been used as a reagent and yields a number of products of mechanistic interest with different substrates.When 1,3-indandione (1) was refluxed with DMSO alone at elevated temperature,it results the formation of poly(methylene-bis) 1,3-indandione(5) involving methylene group insertion between different 1,3-indandione moieties.Methylene insertion has also been observed when 1,3-indandione (1) was condensed with formaldehyde in presence of alkali carbonates or primary amines to yield (6)and(7) respectively.
Electrochemical and Spectrastudies of Some Sulfa Drug Azodyes and Their Metal Complexes in Aqueous Solution
Authors: Mabrouk E.M. , Omary Kh.A.Al , Omary A.S.Al- , El-Mossalamy E.H. 
Published: May 2018

The electrochemical behavior of some azo compounds derived from sulfa drugs derivatives in B.R. buffer solutions of different pH containing 20 (v/v) ethanol was investigated at the mercury electrode using different techniques (DC,DPP,CV and Coulometry) to investigate the effect of medium on the electro reduction process and suggestion the electrode reaction mechanism. The obtained results denoted that these compounds were reduced undergo a single irreversible 4- electron polarographic wave in acid and neutral solutions which represent the cleavage of the N=N center to the amine stage, whereas in alkaline solution, two wave are obtained the second is 2-electron irreversible wave corresponding to the reduction ofCHO group to CH2OH. The DPP and CV data showed a single peak in solutions of pH< 8, whereas three peaks are in alkaline solutions. The dissociation constants of the investigated compounds were determined by using spectrophotometric and potentiometric methods. Also the metal â€“ ligand formation constants were determined potentiometrically and found in the order CuËƒ CoËƒ Ni ËƒZn.
Comparison Of Fe(II) And Fe(III)-Hydralazine Complexes, A Potentiometric And Spectrophotometric Studa
Authors: Imad Saima , Iqbal Muhammad , Nisar Shazia , Ghaffar Shazia 
Published: May 2018

Iron in oxidation states (+2 and +3) is very essential element for human body, and its concentration significantly altered in cardio vascular disease. So the aim of the present work is to study the interaction of Fe(II) and Fe(III) with very commonly used antihypertensive drug hydralazine through potentiometric and spectrophotometric methods. The objectives of the work is to study the stoichiometry, behavior of the complexes in aqueous solution, effect of pH and behavior of this drugs towards both oxidation states of Iron. Both methods show that hydralazine forms a stable complex with both oxidation states of the metal, but the nature of complex changes with change in pH, ligand concentration and with time span. Both methods confirms 1:2 stoichiometry for Fe(II)-Hydralazine while 1:3 for Fe(III)-Hydralazine. Stabilities of both complexes were also calculated. For Fe(II)-Hydralazine complex values of log Î²1 and log Î²2 were found to be 4.99 and 7.58 respectively. For Fe(III)-Hydralazine complex log Î²1, log Î²2 and log Î²3 values were found to be 2.74, 7.39 and 11.32 respectively. At high ligand concentration hydralazine also show reducing properties. The study suggests a strong interaction of hydralazine with iron; however the nature of interaction is different with both oxidation states of iron.
Computing Atom-Bond Connectivity (ABC4) index for Circumcoronene Series of Benzenoid
Authors: Farahani Mohammad Reza 
Published: May 2018

Let G=(V; E) be a simple connected graph. The sets of vertices and edges of G are denoted by V=V(G) and E=E (G), respectively. In such a simple molecular graph, vertices represent atoms and edges represent bonds. The Atom-Bond Connectivity (ABC) index is a topological index was defined as where dv denotes degree of vertex v. In 2010, a new version of Atom-Bond Connectivity (ABC4) index was defined by M. Ghorbani et. al as where and NG(u)={vV(G)|uvE(G)}. The goal of this paper is to compute the ABC4 index for Circumcoronene Series of Benzenoid
Synthesis,Characterization and Evaluation of the Anticancer and Antimicrobial Activities of Some Novel Benzazole and Benzazine Derivatives
Authors: Shehab Wesam Saber , Eleiwa Naglaa Z.H. , Mouneir Samar.M. 
Published: May 2018

The present study was designed to synthesize and develop new useful lead compounds (some novel benzazole and benzazine derivatives ) of simple structure , exhibiting optimal in vitro anticancer and antimicrobial potency. Phenylenediamine derivative 1 was condensed with dithiocarboxylic acid derivatives 2 and produced benzimidazole derivative 4. The benzotriazepines 8 and 10 were formed by the reaction of 1 with dicarbonyl derivatives followed by intermolecular coupling reaction. The synthesis of benzotriazine12, benzotriazole 14,17, benzimidazole16 and benzothiadiazine 19 from compound 1 was also described. The Synthesized Compounds were characterized by Spectral Studies like IR, H1 – NMR and Analysis Spectra .The title compounds were screened for their possible In vitro anticancer and antimicrobial activities. Among the synthesized compounds, some have shown promisingly remarkable activities against different cancer cell lines (MCF-7 human breast cancer cells, HepG2 human hepatocarcinoma cells and PC3 human prostate cancer cells)and moderate to high antibacterial and antifungal activities. The obtained results showed that the most active compounds could be useful as a template for future design, modification and investigation to produce more active analogs.
New Cyanoacetamide Derivatives as Corrosion Inhibitors for Carbon Steel in Acidic Media
Authors: Fouda Abdel Aziz , El-desoky A. M. , Muhtar M. M. 
Published: May 2018

The corrosion behavior of carbon steel in 1 M HCl solution in the absence and presence of 4-(2-Cyano-7- hydroxy-4-methylene-hepta-2,5-dienoylamino)-benzoic acid (a), 4-[2-Cyano-3-(4-methoxy -phenyl)-acryloylamino]-benzoicacid.(b), 4-(2-Cyano-3-phenyl acryloylamino)-benzoic acid (c) ,4-[3-(4-Chloro-phenyl)-2-cyano-acryloylamino]-benzoic acid(d), was investigated using weight loss , potentiodynamic polarization, electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) and electrochemical frequency modulation (EFM) techniques. The inhibitive action of the investigated compounds was discussed in terms of blocking the electrode surface by adsorption of the molecules through the active centers contained in their structures. The adsorption of these derivatives on carbon steel surface is consistent with Freundlich adsorption isotherm. The effect of temperature on the rate of corrosion in the absence and presence of these compounds were also studied. Physical adsorption mechanism is proposed from the calculated thermodynamic parameters for all investigated compounds.
Synthesis of Dynamic 2-Ethoxycarbonyl-4H-3, 1-Benzoxazin-4-one and its Behavior Towards Nitrogen Nucleophiles
Authors: El-Hashash M. A. , El-Badry Yaser Abdel-Moemen 
Published: May 2018

The behavior of 2-ethoxycarbonyl-4H-3,1-benzoxazin-4-one and its behavior towards nitrogen nucleophiles namely, hydrazine hydrate, formamide, benzylamine, ethylamine, piperidine, ethanol amine, o-phenylenediamine, and glucosamine hydrochloride has been investigated. Also the reaction of 3-[aminoquinazolin-4(3H)-one-2-yl]formic acid hydrazide with aromatic aldehydes and phenylisothiocyanate has been discussed. The structure of the prepared compounds are elucidated using physical and spectral data like, FT-IR, 1HNMR, and mass spectroscopy.
Anti-cancer, Anti-inflammatory, Cytotoxic and Biochemical Activities of a Novel Phosphonotripeptide Synthesized from Formyl Pyrazolofuran using TUBU as Condensing Agent
Authors: H. Ouf Nabil , A.Hamed Mohamed , El Sayed Ibrahim , Sakran Mohamed Ibrahim 
Published: May 2018

A novel and mild protocol for the synthesis of phosphonotripeptide 16 were achieved from novel formylpyrazolofuran 3, benzyl carbamate 5, triphenyl phosphite 6 by Birum-Oleksyszyn reaction using copper (II) trifliate as Lewis acid catalyst in dry dichloromethane at room temperature which synthesis of novel N-benzyloxy-α-aminophosphonate 7 . A mechanism for this condensation reaction is proposed. Cleavage of the N-benzyloxy carbonyl group under acid hydrolysis afford the free α-aminophosphonate 9 in quantitative yield. This in turn, by reaction with N-phthaloylglycine 12 via TUBU to phthalimido group 13.Cleavage of phthalimido group under hydrazinedihydrochloride afford free peptide 14 .the result phosphonotripeptide 16 obtained by the reaction of free peptide with bioactive cyclic moiety-COCl 15. The structures of all new compounds were established by IR,1HNMR and mass spectral data. Also anti-cancer, anti-inflammatory and biochemical activities of all these compounds were reported.
Voltammetric studies of some azo compounds derived from 4-methyl-6,7-dihydroxy coumarin in microemulsion and aqueous media
Authors: Hazazi Omar A. , El-Sayed Refat , Mabrouk El-Sayed. M. 
Published: May 2018

The cyclic voltammetric(CV) behavior of some azo compounds based on coumarin derivatives was investigated in microemulsion systems and in aqueous solutions. The obtained results indicated that these compounds undergo an irreversible 4-electron reduction step leading to cleavage of the N=N center with the formation of amine compounds in all media. The effect of medium on the CV parameters was discussed. The total number of electrons involved in the reduction process was determined by controlled potential coulometry. Also, The effect of substituents on the electrode reaction pathway and the kinetic parameters of the electrode process were calculated and discussed. Based on the data obtained the electroreduction mechanism was suggested and discussed.
Food shortage in Zimbabwe: Can wild cereal grains be an alternative source of nutrition?
Authors: Chitindingu K. , Benhura M.A.N , Muchuweti M. 
Published: May 2018

Cereals are used as staple food in most countries all over the world including Zimbabwe. Unfortunately, poor rainfall patterns have hampered the production of traditional cereals like maize and wheat leading to poverty especially in third world countries. Five wild cereal grains namely; Amaranthus hybridus, Brachiaria brizantha, Panicum maximum, Rottiboellea cochinchinensis and Sorghum arundinaceum were studied to determine their nutritional value because of their drought tolerance. Two domesticated cereals were used for comparison. The macro nutrients determined were proteins, carbohydrates, fats and minerals. Amaranthus hybridus, a wild cereal, had the highest protein and fat content of 21.44% and 11.50% respectively, compared to all the other cereal grains. Brachiaria brizantha had the highest fibre content of 30.34% while the red variety of Sorghum bicolor had the least fibre content of 2.51%. Phosphorus was detected in all the cereal grains studied. Calcium was detected in all the cereal grains except in red variety of Sorghum bicolor. The nutritional composition of the cereal grains makes them potential alternative food sources.
Nanoreactor Effect in Bifunctional Cation Exchangers Based on Cis-Metacyclophanoctol
Authors: Altshuler Heinrich , Altshuler Olga 
Published: May 2018

The nanoreactor effect consisting in sufficiently high rate increase of a cation diffusion flux in bifunctional cation exchangers based on cis-metacyclophanoctol has been found. The solutions of the fundamental differential equation of cation diffusion in bifunctional cation exchangers containing sulfonic acid and phenol ionogenic groups by means of the spherical layer and plane sheet models are presented for a variety of initial and boundary conditions with constant diffu-sion coefficient.
Impedance spectroscopy, electrical relaxation and Ac conductivity studies of organic-inorganic hybrid compound: NH3(C6H4)2NH3HgCl4
Authors: Wamani W. , Hannachi N. , Mhiri T. , Belhouchet M. 
Published: May 2018

Organic–inorganic hybrid sample NH3(C6H4)2NH3HgCl4 was characterized by differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), TGA analysis and electrical impedance spectroscopy. DSC studies indicated the presence of a one-phase transition at 391 K. As for the ac conductivity of the compound NH3(C6H4)2NH3HgCl4, it has been measured in the temperature range of 358 - 413K and the frequency range of 209 Hz–5 MHz. Concerning the Z’ and Z’’ versus frequency plots, they were well-fitted to an equivalent circuit model. The equivalent circuit is composed of a series of combination of two parallel (R//CPE) circuits. Besides, the frequency dependence of the conductivity was interpreted in terms of Jonscher's law σ(ω) = σdc +A ωn. As regards the conductivity, it follows the Arrhenius relation. The variation of the value of the conductivity with temperatures confirmed the availability of the phase transition at 391K detected by DSC and electrical measurements.
Adsorption of Polyethylene-Glycols by Nanosized Iron Oxides Particles in Iron Oxides/Polyethylene-Glycol/Water/ Dispersions
Authors: Masimov E.A. , Ismailov E.H. , Farajov C. R. 
Published: May 2018

The successful application of dynamic light scattering and electron magnetic resonance spectroscopy technique to control the formation of nanosized particles of iron oxides in iron oxides containing aqueous polyethylene-glycol dispersions is shown. The formation of the pegylated iron oxides particles with superparamagnetic properties in this system is established.
Thermal decomposition of cobalt(III), nickel(II), copper(II), palladium(II) and platinum(II) complexes of N-allyl-N'-(4'-methylthiazol)-2ylthiourea
Authors: Yarkandi Naeema H. M. 
Published: May 2018

Thermal decomposition of Co(III), Cu(II), Ni(II), Pd(II), and Pt(II) complexes of N-allyl-N'-(4'-methylthiazol)-2ylthiourea (AllMeTzTu), HL, have been studied by TG, DTG, and DTA curves. The complexes have the molecular formulae as CoL3.H2O, [Cu(HL)Cl2]0.5H2O and [CuL2(H2O)2] a square for ML2 (M = NiII, PdII and PtII), and [Pd(HL)Cl2]. The TG curves show that the four-coordinate complexes decompose in two stages to yield a free metal ,with exception [Pd(HL)Cl2] which gives PdS, as a residue, while the two six-coordinate complexes CoL3.H2O, and [CuL2(H2O)2] decompose in three stages to yield Co and Cu residues. The initial mass losses correspond to elimination of allylamine radical for all complexes in the same temperature range; and with MeTz when the temperature range extended beyond that range of the first stage for Pd(II) and Pt(II) complexes. Kinetic parameters (E#, n, ΔH#, ΔS#, ΔG#) of the decomposition stages are determined and correlated with bonding and structural properties of the complexes.
Measurement Natural Radioactivity in Soil Samples from Important historical locals in Alnajaf Alashraf city, Iraq.
Authors: Majeed Heiyam N. , Hasan Ali K. , Hamad Hussein J. 
Published: May 2018

Al-Najaf Al-Ashraf city one of the most important ,oldest, historical and religious cities in Iraqi country which includes hundreds of holy shrines and historical mosques which over the built hundreds of years. The natural radiation of forty two samples of soil which collected randomly in June 2013 from different religious and historical places were measured using 3"×3" Na(Tl) detection. The mean values activity concentrations of 238U, 232Th and 40K was ( 23.59±4.37, 12.10±0.54 and 60.68±2.30) Bq kg-1 respectively , specific activity for all soil sample were in the worldwide average. The average values of the Radium equivalent activity and annual effective dose were (22.455 Bq/kg and 25.375 μSv/y) less than the world average .The heist external and internal hazard and gamma activity concentration index were (0.274 , 0.412 and 0.705) lower than unity.
Inhibitive properties of Carica papaya leaf extract on Aluminium in 1.85M HCl
Authors: K.O. Ajanaku , O. Aladesuyi , W.U. Anake , A. Edobor-Osoh , C.O. Ajanaku , T.O. Siyanbola , A.A. Akinsiku 
Published: May 2018

The inhibition of aluminium metal corrosion in 1.85 M hydrochloric acid solution using extract of Carica papaya leaf was studied using gasometric technique. Aluminium coupons were immersed in test solutions of un-inhibited 1.85 M HCl and those containing extract concentrations of 10 %, 20 %, 30 %, 40 % and 50 % (v/v) at room temperature. The volume of hydrogen gas evolved as a result of the rate of reaction between aluminium coupons and the acid extracts was recorded. The inhibition efficiency of the extract was determined and the adsorption isotherm of the process was estimated using Temkin, Freundlich, Frumkin and Langmuir adsorption theories. The microstructure examination was also determined. The result of the investigation induced that the Carica papaya leaf extract retarded the acid induced corrosion of aluminium with a reduction in the volume of hydrogen gas evolved per increasing extract concentrations. The adsorption studies revealed Langmuir isotherm as the best model for the adsorption of Carica papaya extract (R2 =1) on aluminium surface. The adsorption result with the microstructure of the coupons implied an involvement of chemisorption process in the interaction of the extract with aluminium metal.
Corrosion Behaviour of Metals in Artificial Tear Solution
Authors: Kumar C. , Raj A. John Amal , Selvaraj S.K. 
Published: May 2018

Human tear comes in contact with a number of instruments during operation in the eyes. This results in a variety of undesirable effects such as corrosion and malfunction. Corrosion behaviour of five metals, namely, mild steel (MS), mild steel coated with zinc (MS-Zn), Ni-Cr, Ni-Ti super elastic (Ni-Ti.SE), and SS 316 L in artificial tear solution has been studied by polarization study and AC impedance spectra. The study reveals that the decreasing order of corrosion resistance in artificial tear solution is : Ni-Ti SE > Ni-Cr > SS 316 L > MS-Zn > MS. The first three metals are better candidates and the first one is the best candidate for making instruments used in operation in the eyes, in presence of tears.
Clinical Utility of Melatonin in Fibromyalgia Diagnosis
Authors: Yousef Ali M. El-Sayed , El-Rahman Sherry K. Abd , EL-Mezayen Hatem A. , Amer (PhD) Eman R. , Sabry Shimaa , Abdel-Malak Camelia A. 
Published: May 2018

Fibromyalgia syndrome (FMS) is a chronic disease with an unknown etiology, which is characterized by reduced pain threshold (hyperallgesia) & pain with normally innocuous stimuli (allodynia).This diffuse pain is often disease associated with wide range of other symptoms including fatigue, sleep disturbance, stiffness& more.FMS often occur concomitantly with other rheumatologic disease such as rheumatoid arthritis(RA), systemic lupus erthymatosus(SLE). The pineal hormone melatonin (MT) exerts a variety of effects on the immune system. MT activates immune cells and enhances inflammatory cytokine and nitric oxide production.Methods: We were studied 75 subjects, 55 of subjects were FMS patients defined by the American Colleague of Rheumatology (ACR 2010) criteria. Patients' mean age was 32.5 ± 13.9 years. They were classified into two groups: Group I of 25 primary FMS patients . Group II of 30 secondary FMS patients with other rheumatologic disease such as RA, SLE. Twenty age and sex matched healthy individuals were included in the study as a control group.Results:Mean Melatonin titers were significantly reduced (p<0.0001) in primary FMs patients compared to the controls (21.32vs. 30.9 pg/ml), but they were significantly elevated (p<0.0001) in secondary FMS compared to controls (138.1vs.30.9 pg/ml). Our data imposed that, in 1ry FMS there were negative correlations of MT titers with tender points (r=-0.848**,p<0.0001), sleep disturbance(r=-0.963**, p< 0.0001**), Fatigue (r= -0.972**, p<0.001**), WPI (r= -0,953 **, p<0.0001) and SS (r=-0.901**, p< 0.0001). Conclusions:In primary FMS patients melatonin level is lower than melatonin level in control, but MT level is high in secondary FMS patients. There was a negative correlation between MT with tender points, sleep disturbance, fatigue, SS & WPI. But there was a positive correlation between MT & cognitive symptoms.