bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A prognostic nomogram for overall survival in male breast cancer with histology of infiltrating duct carcinoma after surgery
Authors: Chai Xin , Sun Mei-yang , Jia Hong-yao , Wang Min , Cao Ling , Li Zhi-wen , Wang Dun-wei 
Published: October 2019

ObjectiveThe study was designed to construct and validate a nomogram for predicting overall survival (OS) of male breast cancer (MBC) patients with infiltrating duct carcinoma (IDC).MethodsThe cohort was selected from the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results (SEER) database between January 1, 2004 and December 31, 2013. Univariate and multivariate Cox proportional hazard (PH) regression models were performed. A nomogram was developed based on the significant prognostic indicators of OS. The discriminatory and predictive capacities of nomogram were assessed by Harrell’s concordance index (C-index), calibration plots, area under the curve (AUC) and the decision curve analysis (DCA).ResultsThe median and maximal survival time of 1862 eligible patients were 49 and 131 months, respectively. Multivariate analysis showed that age (P < 0.0001), marital status (P = 0.002), T stage (P < 0.0001), N stage (P = 0.021), M stage (P < 0.0001), progesterone receptor (PR) (P = 0.046), human epidermal growth factor receptor-2 (HER2) (P = 0.009), and chemotherapy (P = 0.003) were independent prognostic indicators of IDC of MBC. The eight variables were then combined to construct a 3-and 5-year nomogram. The C-indexes of the nomogram were0.740 (95% confidence interval [CI] [0.709–0.771]) and 0.718 (95% CI [0.672–0.764]) for the internal validation and external validation, respectively. A better discriminatory capacity was observed in the nomogram compared with the SEER summary stage (P < 0.001) and AJCC TNM staging systems (6th edition;P < 0.001) with respect to OS prediction. Good consistency was detected between the nomogram prediction and actual findings, as indicated by calibration curves. The AUC for 3-and 5-year OS was 0.739 (95% CI [0.693–0.786]) and 0.764 (95% CI [0.725–0.803]) in the training cohort and 0.737 (95% CI [0.671–0.803]) and 0.735 (95% CI [0.678–0.793]) in the validation cohort, respectively. The DCA demonstrated that the survival nomogram was clinically useful.ConclusionsThe nomogram was able to more accurately predict 3-and 5-year OS of MBC patients with IDC histology than were existing models.
Environmental filtering of body size and darker coloration in pollinator communities indicate thermal restrictions on bees, but not flies, at high elevations
Authors: McCabe Lindsie M. , Cobb Neil S. , Butterfield Bradley J. 
Published: October 2019

BackgroundBees and flies are the two most dominant pollinator taxa in mountain environments of the Southwest USA. Communities of both taxa change dramatically along elevation gradients. We examined whether bee and fly traits would also change along elevation gradients and if so, do they change in a predictable way related to a decrease in temperature as elevation increases.MethodsWe used insect body size and darkness traits as proxies for energetic requirements and indicators of cold tolerance in order to assess patterns of bee and fly community trait differences along an elevation gradient. We examined 1,922 individuals of bees and flies sampled along an elevation gradient ranging from 2,400 meters to 3,200 meters and from 9.6 °C to 5.2 °C mean annual temperature. We examined bees and flies separately using community weighted means (site-level trait values weighted by species abundance) and estimates of environmental filtering (quantified as the inverse of the standardized range of trait values).ResultsBees and flies exhibited two somewhat distinct patterns; (1) Community weighted mean body volume and darkness of bees increased sharply at the highest elevation, and the intensity of environmental filtering also increased with elevation. This was due to both a change among bee populations within a species as well as species replacement at the highest elevation. (2) Community weighted mean body volume and darkness of flies also increased moderately with increasing elevation, but did not exhibit patterns of significant environmental filtering. In fact, the intensity of environmental filtering as indicated by the range of fly body volume weakened with elevation.ConclusionThe increase in filter intensity at high elevations exhibited by bees suggests a significant limitation on the breadth of viable functional strategies for coping with extreme cold, at least within this regional species pool. Flies, on the other hand, do not appear to be limited by high elevations, indicating that the shift from bee to fly dominance at high elevations may be due, at least in part, to greater environmental constraints on bee adaptation to colder environments.
The relationships between water storage and biomass components in two conifer species
Authors: Zhou Lai , Saeed Sajjad , Sun Yujun , Zhang Bo , Luo Mi , Li Zhaohui , Amir Muhammad 
Published: October 2019

BackgroundWater storage is a significant physiological index of vegetation growth. However, information on water storage at the individual tree level and its relationship to climatic conditions and productivity is scarce.MethodsWe performed a comparative analysis of water storage using field measurements acquired three age classes of Chinese fir (Cunninghamia lanceolata) and Korean larch (Larix olgensis). The distributions of water storage, water content ratio and dry mass were presented, and regression analyses were used to confirm the relationships of water storage and water content ratio to dry mass components, respectively.ResultsOur results indicated that water was mostly concentrated in the stem xylem, which aligned well with the distribution of dry mass in both conifer species. However, the water storage of the stem xylem was always higher in Chinese fir than in Korean larch. The average water content ratio of both conifer species decreased with age, but that of Chinese fir was always higher than that of Korean larch. There was a significant difference in the water storage proportion in the components of Chinese fir (P< 0.001) and Korean larch (P< 0.001). The effects of age class on the water storage of Chinese fir (P= 0.72) and Korean larch (P= 0.077) were not significant. Interestingly, significant positive linear correlations were found between fine root water and leaf water and mass in Chinese fir (P< 0.001,R2≥ 0.57) and Korean larch (P< 0.001,R2≥ 0.74). The slopes showing that the linear relationship between tree size and water content ratio of stem xylem were always steeper than that of other components for the two conifers.ConclusionOur study indicates the similar water related characteristics and their close relations to biomass accumulation and growth in both fast growing species at contrasting climates, illustrating the same coherent strategies of fast growing conifers in water utilization.
Low fat diets increase survival of a mouse model of spinal muscular atrophy
Authors: Deguise Marc‐Olivier , Chehade Lucia , Tierney Alexandra , Beauvais Ariane , Kothary Rashmi 
Published: October 2019

AbstractSpinal muscular atrophy (SMA) is a neuromuscular disorder leading to paralysis and death. Recent evidence shows increased susceptibility to dyslipidemia and liver steatosis in patients. Here, we provide evidence that low fat diets nearly double survival in Smn2B/− mice, a model for SMA, independent of changes in SMN levels, liver steatosis, or enhanced hepatic functions. Liver damage and ketone levels were reduced, implying a lower reliance on fatty acid oxidation. This preclinical proof of concept study provides grounds for controlled clinical investigation of dietary needs and offers evidence to inform nutritional guidelines specific to SMA.
Engineering Molecular Machines for the Control of Cellular Functions for Diagnostics and Therapeutics
Authors: Zamat Ali , Zhu Linshan , Wang Yingxiao 
Published: October 2019

AbstractThe utilization of live cells as therapeutic materials provides controllability and complexity unmatched by small molecules and biologic agents. Recent advancements have shown that the manipulation of live cells can allow the development of powerful tools for the diagnosis of disease, production of biologics, and application as therapeutics. The field of cellular engineering has rapidly evolved and advanced to provide immuno‐oncological relief through various genetic circuits and targeting motifs. In utilizing living materials comprised of cells, complex reactions and responsive elements can be created to generate novel controllable systems. This review discusses the general principles of cellular engineering in the clinical space and highlights its utilization in chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) T‐cell therapy. In particular, the review focuses on the control systems implemented on CAR T‐cells to mitigate adverse effects and increase the potency of therapy.
Recent Advances in the Bias Stress Stability of Organic Transistors
Authors: Park Sangsik , Kim Seung Hyun , Choi Hyun Ho , Kang Boseok , Cho Kilwon 
Published: October 2019

AbstractIn this progress report, recent advances in the development of organic transistors with superior bias stress stability and in the understanding of the charge traps that degrade device performance under prolonged bias stress are reviewed, with a particular focus on materials science and engineering methods. The phenomenological aspects of bias stress effects and the experimental methods for investigating charge traps are described. The recent progress in the bias stress stability of organic transistors is discussed in terms of those components that are the main focus of attempts to improve bias stress stability, i.e., organic semiconductor layers, gate dielectrics, and source/drain contacts. A brief summary of this progress is presented and the outlook for future research in this field is assessed. This report aims to summarize recent progress in this field and to provide some guidelines for studying bias stress–induced charge‐trapping phenomena.
Synthesis of Phosphoryl‐Substituted Benzimidazo[2,1‐a]isoquinolin‐6(5H)‐ones from 2‐Arylbenzoimidazoles and Diarylphosphine Oxides
Authors: Sun Kai , Si Ya‐Feng , Chen Xiao‐Lan , Lv Qi‐Yan , Peng Yu‐Yu , Qu Ling‐Bo , Yu Bing 
Published: October 2019

AbstractAn efficient and convenient silver‐catalyzed procedure was developed for the synthesis of various phosphoryl‐substituted benzimidazo[2,1‐a]isoquinoline‐6(5H)‐ones from diarylphosphine oxides and 2‐arylbenzoimidazoles. Moreover, the phosphoryl‐substituted indolo[2,1‐a]isoquinolin‐6(5H)‐ones could also be achieved by using this strategy under mild reaction conditions in the presence of AgNO3/K2S2O8.
Spin Polarization and Spin‐Flip Through Phosphorene Superlattice
Authors: Boroughani Atena , Faizabadi Edris 
Published: October 2019

AbstractThe spin‐dependent transport properties, including spin polarization and spin‐flip for phosphorene superlattice in the presence of an extrinsic Rashba spin‐orbit interaction (RSOI) based on the transfer matrix method, are studied. The results show that the number of barriers in the superlattice structure plays a dominant role in output spin polarization, which can be used in designing optimized spintronic devices. In addition, by controlling on the Rashba strength, an incident spin‐up electron can be transmitted as a spin‐down electron. Also, it enables to convert the unpolarized incident electronic beam (with zero spin polarization) into an arbitrary output spin polarization, which plays a significant role in qubit circuits.
Antithrombotic strategies after transcatheter aortic valve implantation: Insights from a network meta‐analysis
Authors: Kuno Toshiki , Takagi Hisato , Sugiyama Takehiro , Ando Tomo , Miyashita Satoshi , Valentin Nelson , Shimada Yuichi J. , Kodaira Masaki , Numasawa Yohei , Kanei Yumiko , Hayashida Kentaro , Bangalore Sripal 
Published: October 2019

ObjectivesWe aimed to investigate the efficacy and safety of different antithrombotic strategies in patients undergoing transcatheter aortic valve implantation (TAVI) using network meta‐analyses.BackgroundMeta‐analyses comparing single antiplatelet therapy (SAPT) vs. dual antiplatelet therapy (DAPT), ± oral anticoagulant (OAC) was conducted to determine the appropriate post TAVI antithrombotic regimen. However, there was limited direct comparisons across the different therapeutic strategies.MethodsMEDLINE and EMBASE were searched through December 2018 to investigate the efficacy and safety of different antithrombotic strategies (SAPT, DAPT, OAC, OAC + SAPT, and OAC + DAPT) in patients undergoing TAVI. The main outcome were all‐cause mortality, major or life‐threatening bleeding events, and stroke.ResultsOur search identified 3 randomized controlled trials and 10 nonrandomized studies, a total of 20,548 patients who underwent TAVI. All OACs were vitamin K antagonists. There was no significant difference on mortality except that OAC + DAPT had significantly higher rates of mortality compared with others (p < .05, I2 = 0%). SAPT had significantly lower rates of bleeding compared with DAPT, OAC+SAPT, and OAC+DAPT (hazard ratio [HR]: 0.59 [0.46‐0.77], p < .001, HR: 0.58 [0.34‐0.99], p = .045, HR: 0.41 [0.18‐0.93], p = .033, respectively, I2 = 0%). There was no significant difference on stroke among all antithrombotic strategies.ConclusionPatients who underwent TAVI had similar all‐cause mortality rates among different antithrombotic strategies except OAC+DAPT. Patients on SAPT had significantly lower bleeding risk than those on DAPT, OAC + SAPT, and OAC + DAPT. Our results suggest SAPT is the preferred regimen when there is no indication for DAPT or OAC. When DAPT or OAC is indicated, DAPT + OAC should be avoided.
Percutaneous closure of patent ductus arteriosus in premature infants: A French national survey
Authors: Malekzadeh‐Milani Sophie , Akhavi Ahmad , Douchin Stéphanie , Dauphin Claire , Chalard Aurélie , Mauran Pierre , Bouvaist Hélène , Bonnet Damien , Boudjemline Younes 
Published: October 2019

AbstractBackgroundTranscatheter closure of patent ductus arteriosus (PDA) in premature infants has been shown to be feasible in small series. Outcomes in larger series are currently lacking.MaterialAll premature infants (< 36 weeks GA) who underwent transcatheter PDA closure were included in a multicenter French national survey. Demographic data (gestational age [GA], birth weight [BW]) and procedural data (weight [PW], age at procedure [AP], procedural success, fluoroscopy time, and type of device) were collected. Outcomes and procedural complications were reviewed.ResultsBetween September 2013 and June 2017, 102 patients were included. In 71 cases, PDA pharmacological closure had been attempted. Mean GA was 27 ± 2.9 weeks. Mean BW and PW were 1,040 ± 715 g and 1,543 ± 698 g, respectively. Mean AP was 39 ± 26 days. Number of premature infants <1 kg, between 1 and 2 kg, and > 2 kg was 21, 59, and 22, respectively. Mean fluoroscopic time was 6.5 min. Success rate was 99%. Device‐ or procedure‐related complications were reported in nine patients (8.9%) including three LPA stenoses (requiring surgery in two and balloon dilatation in one), two neo‐coarctations (one requiring subsequent surgery), and three instances of tricuspid valve regurgitation at follow‐up. Seven deaths were reported, none being related to the procedure. Mean follow‐up was 39.75 ± 13.1 months.ConclusionIn this large series of premature infants undergoing transcatheter PDA closure, it was demonstrated that this procedure can be performed successfully in the vast majority of patients with an acceptable complication rate. Future efforts should focus on minimizing complications, particularly device‐related vascular stenoses.
Application of transcatheter valves for aortic valve replacement in pediatric patients: A case series
Authors: Sinha Sanjay , Khan Asra , Qureshi Athar M. , Suh William , Laks Hillel , Aboulhosn Jamil , Biniwale Reshma , Adachi Iki , Fernando Anisha , Levi Daniel 
Published: October 2019

ObjectivesTo describe our initial experience with pediatric transcatheter aortic valve replacement.BackgroundTranscatheter aortic valve replacement (TAVR) has been approved and used to treat calcific aortic stenosis in adult patients. Select pediatric patients with congenital heart disease (CHD) who are poor candidates for conventional surgical aortic valve replacement can benefit from TAVR.MethodsA retrospective review was performed to identify and describe pediatric patients with CHD who underwent transcatheter or hybrid aortic valve replacement using a Melody Valve (Medtronic, Minneapolis, MN), or Sapien S3/XT valve (Edwards Life sciences LLC, Irvine, CA). Patients in whom transcatheter valves were implanted on cardiopulmonary bypass were included. Imaging data, procedural elements, and clinical follow‐up data were collected to evaluate acute and short‐term results.ResultsA total of eight pediatric patients underwent treatment of aortic valvular disease using balloon expandable valves and delivery systems. Two patients had Melody valve implantation and six received a Sapien valve (one XT/five S3). In one patient, a Melody valve was placed surgically, failed, and was replaced with a Sapien valve 2 years later. Two patients were treated using a standard transfemoral route, four had the valve delivered on cardiopulmonary bypass via a median sternotomy, one was placed with a transapical approach, and one via a carotid cut down. Patients were followed for an average 16 months (range 1–208 weeks). There were no early or late deaths in this cohort. There were no embolic events, and all valves worked well in the immediate postoperative period. Both Melody implants developed moderate to severe regurgitation at 2 years and 4 years, respectively, and both required replacement at that time. One Sapien 3 valve developed a paravalvular leak that required reintervention within 6 months of implantation.ConclusionsTranscatheter valves offer a reasonable alternative to traditional surgical aortic valve replacement in certain pediatric patients who are suboptimal surgical candidates. Hybrid approaches and valve delivery on cardiopulmonary bypass has been used in smaller patients. Long‐term performance of these valves in young patients has not been studied.
Primary Sjögren's syndrome with multiple calcifications in parotid glands
Authors: Kondo Keisuke , Kaneko Takahiro , Horie Norio 
Published: October 2019

AbstractDispersed calcifications in bilateral parotid glands may strongly suggest Sjögren's syndrome (SS), since the occurrence of bilateral calcifications in other salivary gland diseases is rare. This association between parotid calcifications and SS would thus represent highly useful information for the diagnosis of SS.
Comprehensive Methodology for the Investigation of Mercury Adsorption on Activated Carbons
Authors: Ambrosy Jonas , Pasel Christoph , Luckas Michael , Bittig Margot , Bathen Dieter 
Published: October 2019

AbstractIn mercury adsorption on activated carbons both physisorptive and chemisorptive mechanisms play a role. The systematic investigation of Hg0 chemisorption is difficult because equilibrium capacities cannot be determined due to slow adsorption mechanisms. Therefore, the present publication suggests a three‐step approach: 1) Breakthrough curves are used to assess the dynamics of Hg0 adsorption. 2) The contributions of physisorption and chemisorption can be distinguished by coupled adsorption and desorption experiments. 3) Temperature programmed desorption (TPD) experiments are performed to get information about specific chemisorptive binding sites on the surface. This approach was tested on four characteristic examples of impregnated and non‐impregnated activated carbons.
Rhenium‐Catalyzed Decarboxylative Tri‐/Difluoromethylation of Styrenes with Fluorinated Carboxylic Acid‐Derived Hypervalent Iodine Reagents
Authors: Wang Yin , Yang Yunhui , Wang Congyang 
Published: October 2019

Summary of main observation and conclusionHerein, unprecedented rhenium‐catalyzed decarboxylative oxytri‐/difluoromethylation and Heck‐type trifluoromethylation of styrenes have been developed by using hypervalent iodine(III) reagents derived from cheap, stable, and easy‐handling fluorinated carboxylic acids. Mechanistic studies revealed a radical decarboxylative trifluoromethylation pathway occurring in these reactions.
Recent Advances in Atmospheric Ionization Mass Spectrometry: Developments and Applications
Authors: Li Yuling , Cao Yuqi , Guo Yinlong 
Published: October 2019

When did you start the research about mass spectrometry?We paid attention to mass spectrometry and then designed a new method, called intermittent electrospray for mass spectrometry, dating back to 18 years ago. It has the property of high sensitivity and advantages for protein analysis.Why do you get into mass spectrometry? Could you please share some experiences with our readers?For passion and responsibility. No matter what happens, just always keep thinking.What is the most important personality for scientific research?Forward‐looking vision, keen insight, divergent thinking and down‐to‐earth work.What is the most favorite chemistry developed in your research group?We have been working on detecting active transient intermediates and organic reaction mechanisms. It is a big challenge for us initially because of weak foundation, but every time we put all efforts to find problem and solve it.How do you deal with the relationship with your students?Accept and make suggestions like friends.What are your research interests focus on recently?Recently, our group have focused on the development of novel and efficient mass spectrometry technologies like atmospheric ionization mass spectrometry to settle some unsolved problems in analytical chemistry, organic chemistry and biological researches.
Degradation of Coking Wastewater under Microwave Irradiation in the Presence of Modified Activated Carbon
Authors: Gao Yu , Zou Donglei , Liu Yuzhi , Guan Heda , Sun Wentian 
Published: October 2019

AbstractIn this study, a new material consisting of activated‐carbon‐containing magnetic oxide is prepared for assisted microwave (MW) irradiation treatment of coking wastewater. The optimum condition for degrading coking wastewater is 98.14% chemical oxygen demand (COD), under which 87.57% ammonia nitrogen (NH3–N) can be removed. The results are verified by GC–MS, showing that most organic pollutants can be adsorbed by modified activated carbon (MAC). The surface morphology and elemental composition of MAC before and after microwave irradiation and adsorption is determined by scanning electron microscopy. After microwave irradiation, many apertures of pores looked relatively large. It can be shown that MAC as a catalyst in the microwave‐assisted treatment process has many advantages, including rapid degradation of COD and NH3–N. In conclusion, microwave‐irradiation‐assisted MAC treatment of coking wastewater is a novel technology that is economical, efficient, and has broad prospects for development.