bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Set‐membership state estimation for complex networks with chance constraints under multi‐modal deception attacks
Authors: Shi Miaomiao , Hu Chen , Guo Jian , Ma Lifeng , Yi Xiaojian 
Published: November 2024

AbstractThis paper focuses on the state estimation issue for a type of complex networks (CNs) subject to cyberattacks. A multi‐modal deception attack (MMDA) model is introduced, in which different deception attack tactics target distinct sensor nodes randomly when signals are transported throughout the network to the filter. The objective is to propose design a proportional‐integral observer (PIO), ensuring that estimation errors at each single nodes are contained, with a chance not lower than a predefined value, inside certain pre‐specified ellipsoidal bounds. Sufficient conditions for the feasibility of the mentioned filtering technique are established using convex optimization techniques. The required observer parameters are subsequently determined by resolving the relevant matrix inequalities at each time step. Within the provided framework, two sub‐optimization problems are formulated to identify locally optimal estimation performance. Finally, the effectiveness of the proposed paradigm is shown via a numerical simulation example.
Feasibility of low‐power low‐resolution laser‐induced breakdown spectroscopy for quantification of Mg in fermented soybean pastes
Authors: Jung Hyemin , Oh Yujin , Kwon Minji , Choi Hanbeom , Kim Hyang , Kumar Sandeep , Han Song‐Hee , Kim Hojin , Kim Haejin , Nam Sang‐Ho , Lee Yonghoon 
Published: November 2024

AbstractThis study explores the use of a cost‐effective laser‐induced breakdown spectroscopy (LIBS) instrument for analyzing magnesium (Mg) in fermented soybean pastes. Composed of soybeans and salts, these pastes are rich in proteins and minerals. A low‐power diode‐pumped solid‐state laser and a miniature low‐resolution spectrometer were used to analyze nine products, with Mg concentrations previously determined via inductively‐coupled plasma optical emission spectroscopy. The LIBS spectra showed Mg II and Mg I emission peaks at 279.8 and 285.2 nm, respectively, used to create univariate calibration models. Additionally, a partial‐least‐squares regression (PLS‐R) model showed superior accuracy. Mg concentrations correlated with the types of salts used. The study demonstrates the feasibility of using real products as calibration standards for LIBS, supported by other methods. The compact, low‐cost LIBS instrument offers an alternative for quantitative mineral analysis and raw material identification in fermented soybean pastes.
Identification of a Nuclear Localization Signal (NLS) in Human Transcription Elongation Factor ELL2
Authors: Kohrt Stephan , Baheerathan Abarna , Prokscha Jonas , Zwosta Alexandra , Sticht Heinrich , Thoma‐Kress Andrea K. 
Published: November 2024

ABSTRACTELL2 is a transcription elongation factor suppressing transcriptional pausing of RNA polymerase II, thereby enhancing gene expression. In accordance with the nuclear localization of ELL2, the protein is supposed to carry out its function in promoting transcription in the nucleus. Yet, it is unknown whether ELL2 carries a nuclear localization signal (NLS). In this study, we identify the NLS of ELL2. In silico analysis resulted in prediction of a strong bipartite NLS with an exceptionally high score at amino acids 311–338 in the conserved region R1 of ELL2. Confocal laser scanning microscopy of a series of ELL2 truncation mutants and quantitative analysis of images verified the presence of R1 to be decisive for nuclear localization of ELL2 suggesting that the predicted NLS is accurate. Deletion of key basic amino acids within the putative NLS in silico and in vitro showed that K319, R320, and K333/K334 are crucial for ELL2's nuclear accumulation, thus confirming the predictions. The isolated ELL2‐NLS was able to translocate an unrelated NLS‐mapping system into the nucleus underlining the strength of the NLS. Taken together, we identified the NLS of ELL2 and mapped individual aa that are crucial for nuclear localization of ELL2.
Physical, nutritional, and bioactive components, in vitro starch digestibility, and textural and organoleptic properties of Beyşehir tarhana with various oleaster parts
Authors: Şahin Nazlı , Cingöz Ali , Sayaslan Abdulvahit 
Published: November 2024

AbstractBackground and ObjectiveThis study has three main objectives: (1) to analyze the physical and nutritional properties, bioactive component concentrations, and in vitro digestibility of Beyşehir tarhana containing different parts of oleaster; (2) to investigate the effect of incorporating oleaster on textural properties; and (3) to evaluate the influence of the different parts of oleaster on the organoleptic characteristics of Beyşehir tarhana.FindingsThe control tarhana showed higher L* and b* values, while tarhana samples with various oleaster parts exhibited the highest a* value (p < .05). Incorporating oleaster components led to significant alterations in protein, ash, fat, dietary fiber, in vitro starch digestibility, total phenolic substance, antioxidant capacity, and the texture and organoleptic properties of Beyşehir tarhana compared to the control (p < .05).ConclusionsThe production of Beyşehir tarhana containing different parts of oleaster components led to highly encouraging outcomes, presenting an exciting opportunity for its future production.Significance and NoveltyBeyşehir tarhana differs from traditional tarhana as it undergoes a less extensive fermentation process. It can be consumed as is, or after frying or baking. The addition of different ingredients is crucial due to the limited fermentation and frying processes.
Versatile, Extrudable and Luminescent Tripodal BTA‐Terpyridine (tpy) Gel Cross‐Linked with d‐ and f‐Block Metal Ions
Authors: Gudmundsson Tómas A. , Kotova Oxana , Barwich Sebastian , Möbius Matthias E. , Gunnlaugsson Thorfinnur 
Published: November 2024

AbstractThe low molecular weight gelator (LMWG) 1 based on the tripodal benzene‐1,3,5‐tricarboxamide (BTA) motif, capped with terpyridine (tpy) units, was shown to form supramolecular gels with versatile functionalities such as self‐healing, while the cross‐linking of its fibers with d‐ and f‐block metal ions led to modified photophysical properties, the obtained gels were additionally capable of extrusion.
Diastereoselective Synthesis of N‐Heterocycle Substituted Cyclobutanes via Michael Addition onto Cyclobutenes
Authors: Robert Emma G. L. , Waser Jerome 
Published: November 2024

AbstractHerein, we present a method for the diastereoselective synthesis of N‐heterocycle‐substituted cyclobutanes from commercially available bromocyclobutanes. This method enables the efficient formation of various heterocyclic aminocyclobutane esters and amides using simple reagents. Notably, N‐nucleophiles such as imidazoles, azoles, and nucleobase derivatives were successfully incorporated, enhancing the chemical diversity of small ring building blocks for medicinal chemistry applications.
Rose essential oils: Current trends, mapping of extraction techniques, chemical analysis, therapeutic applications, and by‐product valorization
Authors: He Aimin , Putra Nicky Rahmana 
Published: November 2024

AbstractThis paper provides a comprehensive review of recent advancements in the extraction, chemical analysis, therapeutic applications, and valorization of by‐products from rose essential oils, with a focus on emerging trends and technologies. Traditional extraction methods, such as hydrodistillation and steam distillation, are compared with modern techniques, including supercritical CO2 extraction (SFE), ultrasound‐assisted extraction (UAE), and microwave‐assisted extraction (MAE). These modern techniques offer improved efficiency, yield, and sustainability, while preserving the chemical integrity of bioactive compounds. Influential extraction parameters, such as temperature, pressure, and extraction time, are analyzed to highlight their impact on yield and chemical composition. Special attention is given to the valorization of rose by‐products, which show potential for pharmaceutical, cosmetic, and food industry applications. Studies demonstrate the promising antioxidant, antimicrobial, and anti‐cancer activities of rose by‐products. The growing demand for sustainable extraction methods and high‐quality natural products highlights the importance of optimizing these technologies. This review also discusses future research directions in the field of rose essential oils, focusing on the integration of advanced extraction methods and the development of value‐added products.
Electrochemical Deposition of Silver Nanoparticle Assemblies on Carbon Ultramicroelectrode Arrays
Authors: Weber Courtney J. , Strom Natalie E. , Vagnoni Emma M. , Simoska Olja 
Published: November 2024

AbstractSilver nanoparticle (AgNP) assemblies combined with electrode surfaces have a myriad of applications in electrochemical energy storage and conversion devices, (bio)sensor development, and electrocatalysis. Among various nanoparticle synthesis methods, electrochemical deposition is advantageous due to its ability to control experimental parameters, enabling the formation of low‐nanoscale (<50 nm) particles with narrow size distributions. Herein, we report the electrodeposition of AgNPs on a unique electrode platform based on carbon ultramicroelectrode arrays (CUAs), exploring several experimental variables including potential, time, and silver ion concentration. Extensive scanning electron microscopy analysis revealed that more reductive deposition potentials resulted in higher counts of smaller‐sized AgNPs. While previous studies have employed planar, macro‐sized electrodes with millimolar silver ion concentrations and minute‐long times for AgNP electrodeposition, our results demonstrate that lower Ag+ concentrations (50–100 μM) and shorter deposition times (15–30 s) are sufficient for successful AgNP formation on CUAs. These findings are attributed to enhanced mass transfer from the radial diffusion of the array‐based CUAs. The quantity of deposited Ag was determined to be 1100±200 nmol cm−2, consistent with AgNP‐modified CUA electrocatalytic activity for hydrogen peroxide reduction. This study emphasizes the importance of carefully considering AgNP electrodeposition parameters on unconventional electrode surfaces.
Metal‐organic Framework‐derived NiO/ZnO Composites for Photoelectrocatalytic Reduction of Cr(VI)
Authors: Zhang Huayu , Nan Jiejie , Ning Xiaoting , Hu Lianjiang , Shao Qian , Zhang Jing , El‐Bahy Zeinhom M. , Qiu Hua , Ibrahim Mohamed M. , Mersal Gaber A. M. , Ge Ruixiang , Guo Zhanhu 
Published: November 2024

AbstractNi/Zn‐MOF composites with photoelectrocatalytic (PEC) performance for Cr(VI) reduction were prepared via hydrothermal method and calcinating method. The as‐prepared NiO/ZnO composites exhibited uniform morphology. When being subjected to an external voltage of 0.7 V and irradiated with visible light for 120 min, the NiO/ZnO composite exhibited a Cr (VI) reduction efficiency of almost 100 %, outperforming ZnO and NiO counterparts. The effects of the content of NiO to ZnO and different calcination temperatures on PEC performance were also investigated. Additionally, elimination experiments results indicated that photo‐generated electrons (e−) play a crucial role in the catalytic reduction of Cr(VI). The notable enhancement in the photoelectrocatalytic performance can be credited to the applied bias voltage and the formation of a p‐n heterojunction between NiO and ZnO. Consequently, the NiO/ZnO nanocomposites exhibit significant potential for the PEC reduction of Cr(VI). This capability underscores the promise of NiO/ZnO nanocomposites for applications in the photoelectrocatalytic reduction of Cr(VI) and related environmental remediation processes.
Tailoring N and S Heteroatoms Through Rational Design in Carbon Nanotubes‐Graphene Composites for Enhanced Zn‐Air Battery Performance
Authors: Béjar José , De‐la‐Fuente Valerio Omar , Ramos‐Castillo Carlos M. , Aguilar‐Elguezabal Alfredo , Guerra‐Balcázar Minerva , Rebolledo‐Chávez Juan Pablo F. , Arjona Noé , Álvarez‐Contreras Lorena 
Published: November 2024

AbstractCathodic materials significantly influence the performance, durability, and sustainability of primary zinc‐air batteries (ZABs). This study focuses on the rational design of highly active metal‐free composites by tailoring the content of N and S heteroatoms in carbon nanotube‐graphene (CNTG) composites. The oxygen reduction reaction (ORR) tests showed onset potentials (Eo) of 0.88 V (N‐CNT) and 0.89 V (N‐graphene) for individual materials and 0.92 V for the N‐CNTG composite, highlighting the advantage of using a composite materialThe N content varied with dicyandiamide and urea, displaying changes in the surface area and N content (7.09 vs. 5.30 at. %), and in pyridinic and quaternary N species. The N content varied with dicyandiamide and urea, showing changes in the surface area and N content (7.09 vs. 5.30 at. %), and in pyridinic and quaternary N species. The abundance of pyridinic‐N species in N‐CNTG using urea enabled a higher ORR activity (Eo=0.92 V). The S incorporation through thiourea improved the Eo to 0.94 V (Pt/C=1.03 V). And, the combination of urea and thiourea resulted in a highly active and durable N,S‐CNTG material, displaying a Eo of 0.96 V, and an activity loss of 8.7 % (Pt/C=25.4 %) after 2000 cycles. In ZAB mode, this material displayed a voltage of 1.35 V, a power density of 107 mW cm−2, and a specific capacity of 1060 mA h g−1.
Enhancing Lignin‐Carbohydrate Complexes Production and Properties With Machine Learning
Authors: Diment Daryna , Löfgren Joakim , Alopaeus Marie , Stosiek Matthias , Cho MiJung , Xu Chunlin , Hummel Michael , Rigo Davide , Rinke Patrick , Balakshin Mikhail 
Published: November 2024

AbstractLignin‐carbohydrate complexes (LCCs) present a unique opportunity for harnessing the synergy between lignin and carbohydrates for high‐value product development. However, producing LCCs in high yields remains a significant challenge. In this study, we address this challenge with a novel approach for the targeted production of LCCs. We optimized the AquaSolv Omni (AqSO) biorefinery for the synthesis of LCCs with high carbohydrate content (up to 60/100 Ar) and high yields (up to 15 wt %) by employing machine learning (ML). Our method significantly improves the yield of LCCs compared to conventional procedures, such as ball milling and enzymatic hydrolysis. The ML approach was pivotal in tuning the biorefinery to achieve the best performance with a limited number of experimental trials. Specifically, we utilized Bayesian Optimization to iteratively gather data and examine the effects of key processing conditions–temperature, process severity, and liquid‐to‐solid ratio–on yield and carbohydrate content. Through Pareto front analysis, we identified optimal trade‐offs between LCC yield and carbohydrate content, discovering extensive regions of processing conditions that produce LCCs with yields of 8–15 wt % and carbohydrate contents ranging from 10–40/100 Ar. To assess the potential of these LCCs for high‐value applications, we measured their glass transition temperature (Tg), surface tension, and antioxidant activity. Notably, we found that LCCs with high carbohydrate content generally exhibit low Tg and surface tension. Our biorefinery concept, augmented by ML‐guided optimization, represents a significant step toward scalable production of LCCs with tailored properties.
Progress in Pyrene‐4,5,9,10‐Tetraone‐Based Organic Electrode Materials for Rechargeable Batteries
Authors: Peng Xiangling , Guo Jingying , Huang Dong , Ouyang Bo , Du Ya , Yang Haishen 
Published: November 2024

AbstractPyrene‐4,5,9,10‐tetraone (PTO), a coal tar derivative with redox‐active ortho‐carbonyl groups, has been intensively explored for sustainable organic electrodes due to its remarkably high capacity, superior redox robustness, and versatile cation storage. However, PTO often suffers from poor cycling stability due to its slight solubility in organic electrolytes, thereby causing detrimental shuttle effects and self‐discharge behavior, ultimately reducing battery efficiency and lifespan. Its low electrical conductivity also results in poor rate performance. Recently, various strategies have been developed to address these challenges, aiming to enhance battery efficiency, lifespan, and rate performance. In this review, the latest progress in enhancing the performance of PTO‐based electrodes and their applications in various battery types is presented. First, a brief discussion is provided on the relationship between the structural characteristics of PTO and its electrochemical performance. Then, approaches to inhibiting the shuttle effect of molecular PTO are outlined and compared. Furthermore, the design and synthesis of PTO‐based polymer electrode materials are discussed. Finally, some perspectives and challenges are put forward regarding the performance improvement of PTO‐based electrode materials, inspiring further development of not only PTO but also other organic electrode materials in electrochemical energy storage applications.
Robust Generalized Super‐Twisting Sliding Mode Control Design for Optimal Performance in Three‐Phase Grid‐Connected Photovoltaic Systems
Authors: Sami Irfan , Khan Danish , Ahmed Emad M. 
Published: November 2024

ABSTRACTThis article introduces a third‐order super‐twisting sliding mode control (Gen‐STSMC) algorithm designed for the secure operation of a grid‐connected photovoltaic (PV) system. The improved method changes the traditional super‐twisting sliding mode control (STSMC) technique by incorporating both a linear term and a higher power term to reduce convergence time and chattering effects. This strategy generates the optimal control signals to regulate the output power of the PV system by compensating the state‐dependent uncertainties using the linear and growing term. The controller's stability analysis is conducted to demonstrate its rapid convergence compared to PI and conventional STSMC scheme. A comparative simulation study against PI and STSMC is conducted to showcase the controller's rapid convergence and robust performance in various grid‐connected PV system scenarios. Experimental tests are also performed to validate the controller's effectiveness in maintaining stable power generation in the presence of environmental fluctuations and DC link voltage variations.
Barcoding of viable peripheral blood mononuclear cells with selenium and tellurium isotopes for mass cytometry experiments
Authors: Seo Youngran , Fowler Ken , Flick Leah M. , Withers Tracy A. , Savoldo Barbara , McKinnon Karen , Iannone Marie A. 
Published: November 2024

AbstractBarcoding viable cells combined with pooled sample staining is an effective technique that eliminates batch effects from serial cell staining and facilitates uninterrupted data acquisition. We describe three novel and isotopically pure selenium‐containing compounds (SeMals) that are useful cellular labeling tools. The maleimide‐functionalized selenophenes (76SeMal, 77SeMal, and 78SeMal) covalently react with cellular sulfhydryl groups and uniquely label cell samples. The SeMal reagents label viable and paraformaldehyde‐fixed peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC), are well resolved by the mass cytometer, and have little spill into adjacent channels. They appear non‐toxic to viable cells at working concentrations. We used SeMal reagents in combination with four isotopically pure tellurium maleimide reagents (124TeMal, 126TeMal, 128TeMal, and 130TeMal) to label 21 individual PBMC samples with unique combinations of selenium and tellurium isotopes (seven donors with three replicates using a 7 isotope pick 2 combinatorial schema). The individually barcoded samples were pooled, stained with an antibody cocktail as a pool, and acquired on the mass cytometer as a single suspension. The single‐cell data were de‐barcoded into separate sample‐specific files after data acquisition, enabling an uninterrupted instrument run. Each donor sample retained its unique phenotypic profile with excellent replicate reproducibility. Unlike current live cell barcoding methods, this approach does not require antibodies to surface markers, allowing for the labeling of all cells regardless of surface antigen expression. Additionally, since selenium and tellurium isotopes are not currently utilized in CyTOF antibody panels, this method expands barcoding options and frees up commonly used isotopes for more detailed cell profiling.
SingletSeeker: an unsupervised clustering approach for automated singlet discrimination in cytometry
Authors: Colasurdo Mark , Ferrer‐Font Laura , Middlebrook Aaron , Konecny Andrew J. , Prlic Martin , Spidlen Josef 
Published: November 2024

AbstractFlow cytometry is a high‐throughput, high‐dimensional technique that generates large sets of single‐cell data. Prior to analyzing this data, it is common to exclude any events that contain two or more cells, multiplets, to ensure downstream analysis and quantification is of single‐cell events, singlets, only. The process of singlet discrimination is critical yet fundamentally subjective and time‐consuming; it is performed manually by the user, where the proper exclusion of multiplets depends on the user's expertise and often varies from experiment to experiment. To address this problem, we have developed an algorithm to automatically discriminate singlets from other unwanted events such as multiplets and debris. Using parameters derived from imaging, the algorithm first identifies high‐density clusters of events using a density‐based clustering algorithm, and then classifies the clusters based on their properties. Multiplets are discarded in the first step, while singlets are distinguished from debris in the second step. The algorithm can use different strategies on imaging feature selection‐based user's preferences and imaging features available. In addition, the relative importance of singlets precision vs. sensitivity can be further tweaked via a density coefficient adjustment. Twenty‐two datasets from various sites and of various cell types acquired on the BD FACSDiscover™ S8 Cell Sorter with CellView™ Image Technology were used to develop and validate the algorithm across multiple imaging feature sets. A consistent singlets precision >97% with a solid >88% sensitivity has been demonstrated with a LightLoss feature set and the default density coefficient. This work yields a high‐precision, high‐sensitivity algorithm capable of objective and automated singlet discrimination across multiple cell types using various imaging‐derived parameters. A free FlowJo™ Software plugin implementation is available for simple and reproducible singlet discrimination for use at the beginning of any user's workflow.