bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The Role of Underwater Soundscapes in Shaping the Distribution of Cobitidae Fish: Insights From Multiple Environmental Factors
Authors: Yang Ji , Xu Jiawei , Shi Xiaotao , Wu Yujiao , Ke Senfan , Li Dongqing , Gao Shenghui , Li Xinyu , Li Jiaxin , Jiang Zewen , Cheng Bixin 
Published: November 2024

ABSTRACTSound is critical in fish behaviours, including reproduction, feeding, predator avoidance and habitat selection. To investigate the impact of underwater soundscape on the distribution of Cobitidae fishes, we surveyed the status of Cobitidae fish resources and the underwater soundscape along with related environmental factors at 12 sampling sites downstream of the Songxin Hydropower Station in the Heishui River, a major tributary of the Jinsha River in China. Generalised additive models (GAMs) were employed to identify the primary environmental factors influencing the distribution of Cobitidae fishes and we analysed the correlation between the abundance of Cobitidae fish and primary environmental factors. The study revealed that the water depth, flow velocity, water temperature and sound pressure level (SPL) all had highly significant effects on the distribution of Cobitidae fishes (p < 0.001), with SPL showing the lowest relative importance among these factors. Water depth positively correlated with Cobitidae fish abundance, whereas water temperature, SPL and flow velocity showed negative correlations. This study preliminarily explored the response relationship between the distribution of Cobitidae fish and four main environmental factors, offering a technical foundation for predicting the distribution of Cobitidae fishes in rivers and for implementing conservation measures of fish such as suitable habitat creation.
Infection Severity of Arceuthobium oxycedri (Viscaceae) in Two Protected Areas in the Alborz Mountains, Iran: A Case Study
Authors: Kartoolinejad Davoud , Ravanbakhsh Hooman , Mathiasen Robert L. , Rezanezhad Alireza , Fadaii Zabihollah , Zolfaghari Ali Asghar , Moshki Alireza , Raeesi Maryam 
Published: November 2024

ABSTRACTThis study investigated the severity of mistletoe infection on junipers and the relationship between tree characteristics, physiographic factors and mistletoe infection. The study was conducted in two protected areas: Parvar and Miankouh Tash in Semnan Province, Iran. A dwarf mistletoe‐infested area of 400 ha was sampled by placing a 250 × 250 m grid over a map of each study area. A 20 × 20 m (400 m2) plot was placed at the intersection of grid lines. This resulted in a total of 110 forested plots: 45 plots in Parvar and 65 plots in Miankouh Tash. In each plot, all live junipers were measured for total height, crown area, collar diameter and crown diameter. Mistletoe severity was estimated using the 6‐class dwarf mistletoe rating system (DMR). Dead trees were also recorded and examined for evidence of past mistletoe infection. The Boruta algorithm was used for feature selection, and the selected features were utilised for predicting DMR using a random forest (RF) model. Over 40% of junipers in the sample plots were infected and 7.5% were dead. Mortality was greater in severely infested plots compared to uninfested and lightly infested plots. The results of univariate analysis demonstrated that the largest trees across plots were more severely infected. Infection severity was highest on steep terrains (slopes more than 60%) where the largest junipers were growing. Based on Boruta feature selection algorithm, collar diameter, tree height and crown area of junipers have been detected as the most important variables for the explanation of infection severity. Crown diameter, geographical aspect, density of juniper trees, altitude and juniper canopy cover were classified as tentative variables in this model. Slope percentage beside two variables related to stand characteristics including all woody species (basal area and tree density) were the rejected variables. The correlation coefficient (r) and root mean square error (RMSE) between the predictions by RF and the measured DMR were 0.83 and 0.53 respectively. These results indicate that the selected environmental variables can be used for spatial prediction of DMR in both study areas. Because increased mortality was observed for severely infected areas, more efficient management methods are needed to control the dwarf mistletoe populations in the Alborz Mountains.
Theoretical and Clinical Learning Experiences and Expectations of Midwifery Students Using the Artificial Intelligence Tool ChatGPT: A Qualitative Study
Authors: Unlu Bidik Nazli 
Published: November 2024

ABSTRACTChatGPT is one of the most popular artificial intelligence tools today. The number of users is increasing rapidly every day. ChatGPT, which is used in many fields for different purposes, has the potential to revolutionise the field of education and health. The study aims of the study is to investigate the learning experiences and expectations of midwifery students who use ChatGPT in their theoretical and clinical education. This study was conducted through an interpretive paradigm based on Heideggerian hermeneutic phenomenology, a qualitative research method. In the study, the maximum diversity sampling method, one of the purposive sampling methods, was used. One‐to‐one in‐depth interviews were conducted with a total of 17 midwifery students. The study data were collected through a three‐part interview form. The data obtained were analysed with the MAXQDA program. As a result of the data analysis, three main themes and seven sub‐themes were identified. The main themes are The Role of ChatGPT in Midwifery Education, The Effect of ChatGPT on Student Development and Concerns about the Use of ChatGPT. Midwifery students use ChatGPT for various purposes in theoretical and clinical courses. Although students are satisfied that artificial intelligence tools save time and make learning practical, students have some concerns about ChatGPT.
Influencing Factors on Scholars' Perceptions of Organisational Support in Chinese Higher Education: An Exploratory Study
Authors: Wang Taoli , Wang Wenjing , Dai Kun 
Published: November 2024

ABSTRACTSupporting scholars is crucial for promoting academic development in higher education institutions (HEIs). While organisational support for academic careers has been widely researched in various contexts, little attention has been paid to factors influencing Chinese scholars' perspectives on such support, which could significantly impact their professional attitudes and performance. This qualitative study explores factors influencing scholars' perception of organisational support and the micro‐processes by which these factors operate in Chinese higher education. Informed by organisational support theory, in‐depth interviews were conducted with 30 tenure‐track scholars from two Chinese research universities. Findings reveal diverse opinions among Chinese scholars regarding organisational support. Several influencing factors were identified: organisational justice, leadership and colleague support, organizational rewards and working conditions and organisational culture. These factors closely relate to scholars' work environment, career advancement and talent development, ultimately affecting their perception of whether their organisations care about their growth. This study emphasises the importance of considering scholars' perceptions to enhance the effectiveness of organisational support and contributes to building harmonious relationships between scholars and HEIs beyond mere evaluation mechanisms.
Safety, Belonging and Success in Education for Refugees in Europe: A Systematic Review
Authors: Aleghfeli Yousef Khalifa , McIntyre Joanna , Hunt Lucy , Stone Chris 
Published: November 2024

ABSTRACTThis systematic review aims to explore refugees' educational access, experiences and outcomes in Europe since 2015. The review follows a systematic process of reviewing and synthesising texts compiled in the Hub for Education for Refugees in Europe (HERE) Knowledge Base to fill gaps in knowledge about the educational trajectories of learners of refugee and forced migrant backgrounds who have arrived in Europe. The review includes studies that focus on all forms of educational provision and services for refugees and forced migrants in Europe: formal, non‐formal and informal. The review also takes a meta‐ethnographic approach to data analysis and synthesis. Key findings highlight the interconnectedness of safety, belonging and success in education for learners with refugee and forced migrant backgrounds and the necessity of economic redistribution, cultural recognition and political participation for achieving these goals.
Research on Hybrid Integration and Local Policies in the Education System
Authors: Baraldi Claudio 
Published: November 2024

ABSTRACTThis article presents a European research project addressing migrant children's participation in the education system in seven countries. The article primarily concerns a part of the research project, based on transcribed recordings of facilitated classroom activities in primary and secondary schools, prefaced by a summary of the research findings that provides a background. The analysed facilitated classroom interactions show forms of hybrid integration based on the ways in which migrant and nonmigrant children exercise agency, sharing their personal cultural trajectories. The paper shows the importance of using research on classroom activities for the support of educational policies at local, national and European level. The analysis also suggests the ways in which these policies can be supported by the use of resources based on field research. Finally, the paper briefly focuses on the support of classroom activities in exceptionally unpredictable conditions, such as the COVID‐19 pandemic.
Sex‐dimorphic glucose transporter‐2 regulation of cAMP‐protein kinase A (PKA) C‐alpha pathway activity and phosphorylation in rat hypothalamic primary astrocyte cultures
Authors: Pasula Madhu Babu , Sylvester Paul W. , Briski Karen P. 
Published: November 2024

AbstractBrain astrocyte glycogenolysis is regulated in part by the second messenger adenosine 3′5′‐cyclic monophosphate (cAMP). Hypothalamic astrocyte glycogen metabolism shapes glucose counterregulation, under the control of glucose transporter‐2 (GLUT2), a plasma membrane glucose carrier and sensor. Hypothalamic astrocyte cAMP is subject to neurotransmitter control, but effects of nutrient cues on this messenger are unclear. Here, an established hypothalamic primary astrocyte culture model and gene knockdown tools were used to investigate the premise that GLUT2 exerts sex‐dimorphic regulation of cAMP‐protein kinase A (PKA) signalling in these glia. Data show that basal cAMP was elevated in female versus male; GLUT2 gene silencing up‐regulated or down‐regulated this profile in male versus female. Glucoprivation increased cAMP content in astrocytes of each sex, yet GLUT2 siRNA pretreatment exacerbated (male) or blunted (female) this stimulatory effect. PKA and phosphoPKA levels in glucose‐supplied astrocytes were increased (male) or decreased (female) by GLUT2 knockdown. PKA protein was amplified, yet phosphoPKA was refractory to glucose withdrawal in male, while females showed sustained PKA expression alongside diminished phosphoPKA. GLUT2 siRNA pretreatment exacerbated glucoprivic augmentation of PKA content in male but down‐regulated both PKA and phosphoPKA proteins in female. Evidence for parallel GLUT2 siRNA‐associated changes in cAMP and PKA, albeit in opposing directions in the two sexes, infers that GLUT2 control of hypothalamic astrocyte cAMP‐dependent PKA signalling is sex‐specific. Data also disclose that in the female, GLUT2 curbs the baseline phosphoPKA/PKA expression ratio but is not involved in glucoprivic suppression of this ratio.
Exploring neurofeedback as a therapeutic intervention for subjective cognitive decline
Authors: Paban Véronique , Feraud Lewis , Weills Arnaud , Duplan Fabien 
Published: November 2024

AbstractImpact statementThis study addresses the pressing issue of subjective cognitive decline in aging populations by investigating neurofeedback (NFB) as a potential early therapeutic intervention. By evaluating the efficacy of individualised NFB training compared to standard protocols, tailored to each participant's EEG profile, it provides novel insights into personalised treatment approaches. The incorporation of innovative elements and rigorous analytical techniques contributes to advancing our understanding of NFB's modulatory effects on EEG frequencies and cognitive function in aging individuals.AbstractIn the context of an aging population, concerns surrounding memory function become increasingly prevalent, particularly as individuals transition into middle age and beyond. This study investigated neurofeedback (NFB) as a potential early therapeutic intervention to address subjective cognitive decline (SCD) in aging populations. NFB, a biofeedback technique utilising a brain‐computer interface, has demonstrated promise in the treatment of various neurological and psychological conditions. Here, we evaluated the efficacy of individualised NFB training, tailored to each participant's EEG profile, compared to a standard NFB training protocol aimed at increasing peak alpha frequency power, in enhancing cognitive function among individuals experiencing SCD. Our NFB protocol incorporated innovative elements, including the implementation of a criterion for learning success to ensure consistent achievement levels by the conclusion of the training sessions. Additionally, we introduced a non‐learner group to account for individuals who do not demonstrate the expected proficiency in NFB regulation. Analysis of electroencephalographic (EEG) signals during NFB sessions, as well as before and after training, provides insights into the modulatory effects of NFB on EEG frequencies. Contrary to expectations, our rigorous analysis revealed that the ability of individuals with SCD to modulate EEG signal power and duration at specific frequencies was not exclusive to the intended frequency target. Furthermore, examination of EEG signals recorded using a high‐density EEG showed no discernible alteration in signal power between pre‐ and post‐NFB training sessions. Similarly, no significant effects were observed on questionnaire scores when comparing pre‐ and post‐NFB training assessments.
Multifunctional soil health assessment of long‐term manure application to ferric acrisol
Authors: Shi Yue , Luan Lu , Wang Xiaoyue , Zhu Guofan , Ye Yingcong , Fan Jianbo , Zhou Shungui , Jiang Yuji 
Published: November 2024

AbstractSoil health refers to the capacity of soil to sustain ecosystem functions and provide a favourable environment for soil organisms and plants. However, it is challenging to quantitatively determine soil health by assessing its ecosystem functions. Here, we constructed a multifunctional soil health assessment method based on five soil functions including plant productivity (PP), water regulation (WR), nutrient cycling (NC), carbon storage (CS), and biodiversity preservation (BP), with soil acidification rate and soil erodibility factor as restrictive indicators. The entropy weight coefficient method was used to calculate the indicator weights, and the minimum data set (MDS) was established using random forest modelling. The impact of organic manure treatments on the five soil functions and the soil health index (SHI) was calculated using a long‐term fertilization experiment. Our results showed that manure application significantly promoted the five soil functions and SHI, and the SHI was significantly positively correlated with soil fertility index (SFI) and soil quality index (SQI). Random forest modelling showed that the five soil functions contributed similar proportions to the variation in SHI. SHI based on the total data set and minimum data set was positively associated with maize characteristics, including root weight, shoot weight, and grain yield. In conclusion, the multifunctional soil health assessment method is crucial for elucidating the relationships of management practices with soil health and crop yield, enabling the achievement of healthy management and sustainable development for ferric acrisol farmland.
The influence of menopause on multiple sclerosis
Authors: Simonsen Cecilia Smith , Flemmen Heidi Øyen , Broch Line , Myklebust Harald , Berg‐Hansen Pål , Brunborg Cathrine , Celius Elisabeth Gulowsen 
Published: November 2024

AbstractIntroductionOne third of the multiple sclerosis (MS) population consists of peri‐ or postmenopausal women. Many symptoms of menopause overlap those of MS. Some studies show increased speed of disability progression after menopause, while others indicate an unaltered trajectory.ObjectiveDetermine the association between menopause and MS disease course.MethodsCohort study with clinical data collected prospectively. Self‐reported age of menopause, smoking and parity collected retrospectively.ResultsWe included 559 peri−/postmenopausal women and 386 similarly aged men. There was no significant difference in EDSS progression (slope coef 0.03, 0.02–0.08, p = 0.208) or annual relapse rate (ARR) (0.10, 0.29–0.10, p = 0.324) in the 5 years before and after menopause. Women's EDSS progressed slower than men's after menopause (coef −0.02, 95% CI −0.04 to −0.002, p = 0.032), but there was no difference in ARR [coef. −0.01, 95% CI −0.04 to −0.01, p = 0.262]. Women who reached menopause before MS onset had shorter time to diagnosis than women who reached menopause after onset (3.1 years (3.1) vs. 7.4 years (8.1), p < 0.001). Women who reached menopause before diagnosis had an even longer time to diagnosis (8.8 (9.3) vs. 5.5 (6.3), p < 0.001).ConclusionsThere were no significant differences in EDSS progression or ARR before and after menopause. In fact, men progressed faster than women, suggesting there is no negative impact of menopause on disease progression, as measured by EDSS and relapses.
The Application of Artificial Intelligence Planning and Scheduling in Photovoltaic Plant Construction Projects
Authors: Ruiz Jesús Gil , Díaz Hernán , Crespo Rubén González 
Published: November 2024

ABSTRACTPlanning is one of the most critical areas within Project Management, with adequate task scheduling and resource management being of vital importance, especially at the project's outset. This paper introduces an Artificial Intelligence designed for the automatic planning of photovoltaic plant (PV) construction projects, encompassing various tasks such as engineering, procurement, logistics, construction and commissioning, and including the substation and transmission line, scheduling a total of 100 tasks, which constitute a basic Engineering, Procurement and Construction project planning. The model is trained using a total of 50 real‐case project plans for PVs. The results demonstrate that the model successfully and effectively carries out photovoltaic project planning, marking a significant step towards digital transformation.
Multi‐Objective Evolutionary Algorithm Based on Decomposition With Orthogonal Experimental Design
Authors: He Maowei , Wang Zhixue , Chen Hanning , Cao Yang , Ma Lianbo 
Published: November 2024

ABSTRACTMulti‐objective evolutionary optimisation algorithms (MOEAs) have become a widely adopted way of solving the multi‐objective optimisation problems (MOPs). The decomposition‐based MOEAs demonstrate a promising performance for solving regular MOPs. However, when handling the irregular MOPs, the decomposition‐based MOEAs cannot offer a convincing performance because no intersection between weight vector and the Pareto Front (PF) may lead to the same optimal solution assigned to the different weight vectors. To solve this problem, this paper proposes an MOEA based on decomposition with the orthogonal experimental design (MOEA/D‐OED) that involves the selection operation, Orthogonal Experimental Design (OED) operation, and adjustment operation. The selection operation is to judge the unpromising weight vectors based on the history data of relative reduction values and convergence degree. The OED method based on the relative reduction function could make an explicit guidance for removing the worthless weight vectors. The adjustment operation brings in an estimation indicator of both diversity and convergence for adding new weight vectors into the interesting regions. To verify the versatility of the proposed MOEA/D‐OED, 26 test problems with various PFs are evaluated in this paper. Empirical results have demonstrated that the proposed MOEA/D‐OED outperforms eight representative MOEAs on MOPs with various types of PFs, showing promising versatility. The proposed algorithm shows highly competitive performance on all the various MOPs.
Holobiont Traits Shape Climate Change Responses in Cryptic Coral Lineages
Authors: Grupstra Carsten G. B. , Meyer‐Kaiser Kirstin S. , Bennett Matthew‐James , Andres Maikani O. , Juszkiewicz David J. , Fifer James E. , Da‐Anoy Jeric P. , Gomez‐Campo Kelly , Martinez‐Rugerio Isabel , Aichelman Hannah E. , Huzar Alexa K. , Hughes Annabel M. , Rivera Hanny E. , Davies Sarah W. 
Published: November 2024

ABSTRACTAs ocean warming threatens reefs worldwide, identifying corals with adaptations to higher temperatures is critical for conservation. Genetically distinct but morphologically similar (i.e. cryptic) coral populations can be specialized to extreme habitats and thrive under stressful conditions. These corals often associate with locally beneficial microbiota (Symbiodiniaceae photobionts and bacteria), obscuring the main drivers of thermal tolerance. Here, we leverage a holobiont (massive Porites) with high fidelity for C15 photobionts to investigate adaptive variation across classic (“typical” conditions) and extreme reefs characterized by higher temperatures and light attenuation. We uncovered three cryptic lineages that exhibit limited micro‐morphological variation; one lineage dominated classic reefs (L1), one had more even distributions (L2), and a third was restricted to extreme reefs (L3). L1 and L2 were more closely related to populations ~4300 km away, suggesting that some lineages are widespread. All corals harbored Cladocopium C15 photobionts; L1 and L2 shared a photobiont pool that differed in composition between reef types, yet L3 mostly harbored unique photobiont strains not found in the other lineages. Assemblages of bacterial partners differed among reef types in lineage‐specific ways, suggesting that lineages employ distinct microbiome regulation strategies. Analysis of light‐harvesting capacity and thermal tolerance revealed adaptive variation underpinning survival in distinct habitats: L1 had the highest light absorption efficiency and lowest thermal tolerance, suggesting that it is a classic reef specialist. L3 had the lowest light absorption efficiency and the highest thermal tolerance, showing that it is an extreme reef specialist. L2 had intermediate light absorption efficiency and thermal tolerance, suggesting that is a generalist lineage. These findings reveal diverging holobiont strategies to cope with extreme conditions. Resolving coral lineages is key to understanding variation in thermal tolerance among coral populations, can strengthen our understanding of coral evolution and symbiosis, and support global conservation and restoration efforts.