bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Third sector partnerships for older people: insights from live at home schemes in the UK
Authors: Adisa Olumide 
Published: September 2018

Purpose
While there is a rich literature on the role of partnerships between statutory agencies and third sector organisations for public service delivery in health and social care, the evidence base on, partnerships between community-based groups and charities for older people in the UK is lacking. Drawing on quantitative and qualitative data, the purpose of this paper is to examines partnerships within 46 live at home (LAH) schemes. These schemes were specifically designed to tackle isolation and promote independence and wellbeing by providing a wide range of activities, based on the needs of its members.

Design/methodology/approach
This study is based on an online survey of 46 LAH schemes and face-to-face interviews with seven scheme managers to capture data on the various partnership initiatives within the LAH schemes.

Findings
Third sector partnerships for older people varied by type – formal, semi-formal and informal. In addition, third sector partnership working fosters the achievement of clear outcomes for older people who LAH and could be a mechanism for building social capital in communities. The study also identified barriers to developing third sector partnerships within this context. Mapping existing partnerships in LAH schemes were considered to be useful in engaging with partners. LAH scheme managers were better able to identify partnerships that could be deepened and broadened, depending on the desired outcomes.

Originality/value
To the author’s knowledge, there are few studies on third sector partnership working in LAH schemes for older people. According to Age UK, there are 1.2m chronically lonely older people in the UK. Over half of all people aged 75 and over live alone (ONS, 2015). Loneliness and social isolation in later life are considered to be two of the largest health concerns we face. Scaling up these third sector partnerships may offer a credible way to shore up support for older people who live alone or want to live at home.
Supporting outdoor inquiry learning (SOIL): Teachers as designers of mobile‐assisted seamless learning
Authors: Kali Yael , Levy Keren‐Sarah , Levin‐Peled Rachel , Tal Tali 
Published: September 2018

AbstractExtending teaching beyond the classroom walls has been known for its potential to promote inquiry learning in various disciplinary domains. Current technologies can enhance these benefits, especially by enabling supports for seamless learning between contexts. But even without technology, teachers tend to refrain from implementing outdoor inquiry due to the many complexities involved. To address this challenge, a design‐based research (DBR) was employed to develop and explore a teacher professional development (TPD) model for supporting teachers in designing TEL environments for outdoor inquiry. The study included two exploratory iterations, both implemented within TPD programs comprised of three stages (teachers‐as‐learners, teachers‐as‐designers, teachers‐as‐enactors). Analysis of the TEL environments' teachers designed in the first iteration revealed insufficient supports for students' seamless learning. Based on these findings, we developed the Supporting Outdoor Inquiry Learning (SOIL) guidelines to support teachers in designing seamless flows of activities for learning within and between four dimensions: scientific practices, outdoor learning, physical settings and social activity structures. Findings from the second iteration, in which the SOIL guidelines were embedded in each of the TPD stages, indicate that they enabled teachers to productively analyze and design TEL environments for outdoor inquiry.
Evolution of the Subsurface K‐Rich Brines in the Triassic Carbonates in the Sichuan Basin of China
Authors: Zhou Xun , Wang Xiaocui , Han Jiajun , Cao Qin , Jiang Changlong , Guo Juan , Zhou Haiyan 
Published: September 2018

AbstractSubsurface K‐rich brines are important mineral resources for fertilizer production while the evolution of such brines is poorly documented. In the Sichuan Basin in southwest China, they are found mainly in the Middle and Lower Triassic marine carbonate aquifers. Total dissolved solids of the brines range from 176 to 378 g/L and K concentrations, from 1.9 to 53.3 g/L. We found that the brines are mainly of Cl‐Na type, while Ba is absent in the brines. Comparison of the brine samples with both the trajectories of ions and the newly proposed trajectories of ion ratios of evaporated seawater suggests that the brines are enriched in Ca, Sr, Li, and I, depleted in SO4 and Mg, and neither enriched nor depleted in Cl and Na. These brines underwent four evolutionary periods: (1) deposition of marine rocks, (2) deposition of continental clastics, (3) tectonic deformation, and (4) rock erosion. Precipitation of salt minerals, dolomitization, sulfate reduction, and recrystallization during the first two periods are responsible for the enrichment and depletion of the chemical constituents of the brines. Extremely high K concentrations in two wells, both tapping the Middle Triassic Leikoupo carbonate aquifers, are attributed to the subsurface dissolution of potash salts during the migration of the brines to the anticlines formed during the third period in the Paleogene age. Saline and salty springs emanate from the outcropping carbonates in the river valleys in some anticlines in the eastern basin due to incongruent dissolution of the salt‐bearing carbonates during the fourth period.
P‐Glycoprotein (P‐gp)/ABCB1 plays a functional role in extravillous trophoblast (EVT) invasion and is decreased in the pre‐eclamptic placenta
Authors: Dunk Caroline E. , Pappas Jane J. , Lye Phetcharawan , Kibschull Mark , Javam Mohsen , Bloise Enrrico , Lye Stephen J. , Szyf Moshe , Matthews Stephen G. 
Published: September 2018

AbstractDysregulation of trophoblast differentiation is implicated in the placental pathologies of intrauterine growth restriction and pre‐eclampsia. P‐glycoprotein (P‐gp encoded by ABCB1) is an ATP‐binding cassette transporter present in the syncytiotrophoblast layer of the placenta where it acts as a molecular sieve. In this study, we show that P‐gp is also expressed in the proliferating cytotrophoblast (CT), the syncytiotrophoblast (ST) and the extravillous trophoblast (EVT), suggesting our hypothesis of a functional role for P‐gp in placental development. Silencing of ABCB1, via siRNA duplex, results in dramatically reduced invasion and migration, and increased tube formation and fusion in the EVT‐like HTR8/SVneo cell line. In both EVT and CT explant differentiation experiments, silencing of ABCB1 leads to induction of the fusion markers human hCG, ERVW‐1 and GJA1 and terminal differentiation of both trophoblast subtypes. Moreover, P‐gp protein levels are decreased in both the villous and the EVT of severe early‐onset pre‐eclamptic placentas. We conclude that, in addition to its role as a syncytial transporter, P‐gp is a key factor in the maintenance of both CT and EVT lineages and that its decrease in severe pre‐eclampsia may contribute to the syncytial and EVT placental pathologies associated with this disease.
Epithelial down‐regulation of the miR‐200 family in fibrostenosing Crohn's disease is associated with features of epithelial to mesenchymal transition
Authors: Mehta Shameer J. , Lewis Amy , Nijhuis Anke , Jeffery Rosemary , Biancheri Paolo , Di Sabatino Antonio , Feakins Roger , Silver Andrew , Lindsay James Oliver 
Published: September 2018

AbstractIntestinal mesenchymal cells deposit extracellular matrix in fibrotic Crohn's disease (CD). The contribution of epithelial to mesenchymal transition (EMT) to the mesenchymal cell pool in CD fibrosis remains obscure. The miR‐200 family regulates fibrosis‐related EMT in organs other than the gut. E‐cadherin, cytokeratin‐18 and vimentin expression was assessed using immunohistochemistry on paired strictured (SCD) and non‐strictured (NSCD) ileal CD resections and correlated with fibrosis grade. MiR‐200 expression was measured in paired SCD and NSCD tissue compartments using laser capture microdissection and RT‐qPCR. Serum miR‐200 expression was also measured in healthy controls and CD patients with stricturing and non‐stricturing phenotypes. Extra‐epithelial cytokeratin‐18 staining and vimentin‐positive epithelial staining were significantly greater in SCD samples (P = 0.04 and P = 0.03, respectively). Cytokeratin‐18 staining correlated positively with subserosal fibrosis (P < 0.001). Four miR‐200 family members were down‐regulated in fresh SCD samples (miR‐141, P = 0.002; miR‐200a, P = 0.002; miR‐200c, P = 0.001; miR‐429; P = 0.004); miR‐200 down‐regulation in SCD tissue was localised to the epithelium (P = 0.001‐0.015). The miR‐200 target ZEB1 was up‐regulated in SCD samples (P = 0.035). No difference in serum expression between patient groups was observed. Together, these observations suggest the presence of EMT in CD strictures and implicate the miR‐200 family as regulators. Functional studies to prove this relationship are now warranted.
The potential contribution and role of a blood platelets in autoimmune thyroid diseases
Authors: Tomczyńska Małgorzata , Salata Ireneusz , Bijak Michał , Saluk‐Bijak Joanna 
Published: September 2018

AbstractThe blood platelets are multifunctional blood cells which are involved in the initiation of atheroma, endothelial dysfunction, and modulation of inflammatory and immune responses in the pathophysiology of many diseases. Because of their multifaceted pro‐inflammatory activity, platelets may be involved in the pathogenesis of autoimmune thyroid diseases (AITDs), such as Hashimoto's thyroiditis and Graves' disease. The aim of this study was to assess the level of activation and response ability of platelets in AITDs. We used the flow cytometry technique and kinetic measurement of aggregation to analyse platelet function immediately after blood collection and to demonstrate their activation in the circulation of patients with AITDs. We noted reorganization of platelet subpopulations (normal platelets, microparticles and aggregates) in AITDs, dependent on the degree of cell activation. We proved the elevated expression of the active form of integrin receptor GPIIb/IIIa, responsible for platelet aggregation, and in the kinetic test we confirmed the increased aggregation of platelets in different intracellular signal pathways (dependent on ADP, collagen, arachidonic acid). Our study demonstrates the high platelet activation level found in AITDs.
The novel regulatory role of lncRNA‐miRNA‐mRNA axis in cardiovascular diseases
Authors: Huang Ying 
Published: September 2018

AbstractLong noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) are RNAs longer than 200 nt in length that are characterized by low levels of sequence conservation and expression; lncRNAs modulate various biological functions at epigenetic, transcriptional and post‐transcriptional levels, or directly regulate protein activity. As a family of small and evolutionarily conserved noncoding RNAs, microRNAs (miRNAs) are capable of regulating physiological and pathological processes via inhibiting target mRNA translation or promoting mRNA degradation. A number of studies have confirmed that both lncRNAs and miRNAs are closely associated with the development of cardiovascular diseases (CVDs), such as cardiac remodelling, heart failure, myocardial injury and arrhythmia, and that they act as biomarkers, potential therapeutic targets or strong indicators of prognosis; however, the underlying molecular mechanism has not been elucidated. Recently, emerging evidence showed that the novel regulatory mechanism underlying the crosstalk among lncRNAs, miRNAs and mRNAs plays a pivotal role in the pathophysiological processes of CVDs in response to stress stimuli. In this review, I comprehensively summarized the regulatory relationship of lncRNAs, miRNAs and mRNAs and highlighted the important role of the lncRNA‐miRNA‐mRNA axis in CVDs.
Gentisic acid attenuates pressure overload‐induced cardiac hypertrophy and fibrosis in mice through inhibition of the ERK1/2 pathway
Authors: Sun Simei , Kee Hae Jin , Jin Li , Ryu Yuhee , Choi Sin Young , Kim Gwi Ran , Jeong Myung Ho 
Published: September 2018

AbstractWe previously reported that gentisic acid (2,5‐dihydroxybenzoic acid) is the third most abundant phenolic component of Dendropanax morbifera branch extracts. Here, we investigated its effects on cardiac hypertrophy and fibrosis in a mouse model of pressure overload and compared them to those of the beta blocker bisoprolol and calcium channel blocker diltiazem. Cardiac hypertrophy was induced in mice by transverse aortic constriction (TAC). Beginning 2 weeks after this procedure, the mice were given daily intraperitoneal injections of gentisic acid (100 mg/kg/d), bisoprolol (5 mg/kg/d) or diltiazem (10 mg/kg/d) for 3 weeks. Cardiac hypertrophy was evaluated by the heart weight‐to‐body weight ratio, the cardiomyocyte cross‐sectional area after haematoxylin and eosin staining, and echocardiography. Markers of cardiac hypertrophy and fibrosis were tested by reverse transcription‐quantitative real‐time polymerase chain reaction, western blotting and Masson's trichrome staining. The suppressive effects of gentisic acid treatment on TAC‐induced cardiac hypertrophy and fibrosis were comparable to those of bisoprolol administration. Cardiac hypertrophy was reversed and left ventricular septum and posterior wall thickness were restored by gentisic acid, bisoprolol and diltiazem treatment. Cardiac hypertrophic marker gene expression and atrial and brain natriuretic peptide levels were decreased by gentisic acid and bisoprolol, as were cardiac (interstitial and perivascular) fibrosis and fibrosis‐related gene expression. Cardiac hypertrophy‐associated upregulation of the transcription factors GATA4 and Sp1 and activation of extracellular signal‐regulated kinase 1/2 were also negated by these drugs. These results suggest that gentisic acid could serve as a therapeutic agent for cardiac hypertrophy and fibrosis.
PARADOXICAL PROPOSITIONS
Authors: Priest Graham 
Published: September 2018

AbstractThis paper concerns two paradoxes involving propositions. The first is Russell's paradox from Appendix B of The Principles of Mathematics, a version of which was later given by Myhill. The second is a paradox in the framework of possible worlds, given by Kaplan. This paper shows a number of things about these paradoxes. First, we will see that, though the Russell/Myhill paradox and the Kaplan paradox might appear somewhat different, they are really just variants of the same phenomenon. Though they do this in different ways, the core of each paradox is to use the notion of a proposition to construct a function, f, from the power set of some set into the set itself. Next we will see how this paradox fits into the Inclosure Schema. Finally, I will provide a model of the paradox in question, showing its results to be non‐trivial, though inconsistent.
Sir Archibald Geikie: the North American connections
Authors: Sorkhabi Rasoul 
Published: September 2018

Abstract

Sir Archibald Geikie (1835–1924), one of the towering figures in the history of British geology, maintained a long professional relationship and correspondence with pioneering American geologists of the nineteenth century, including James Dwight Dana, Clarence Dutton, Ferdinand Vandeveer Hayden and Grove Karl Gilbert. Geikie made two trips to the USA. Geikie's first trip, accompanied by his former student at Edinburgh Henry Drummond, took place in August–November 1879 for field excursions in the American ‘Far West’, including Colorado, Utah, Wyoming, Idaho and Montana, where he could find ample evidence for the dominant role of fluvial erosion in the denudation of continents (a school of thought called ‘fluvialism’ or ‘erosionalism’). These geological excursions also resulted in nine articles by Geikie published during 1880–82 as well as a large number of landscape paintings and sketches now preserved at the Haslemere Educational Museum in England. Geikie's second trip from April to May 1897 was due to an invitation to deliver a series of lectures on ‘The Founders of Geology’ at Johns Hopkins University; these lectures became the basis for his classic book of the same title. Geikie kept an active interest in geological mapping and discoveries in the USA, as evident from his numerous references to American geology in his 1882
Text-book of Geology
. Geikie's American connections demonstrate that geology, although primarily a field-based regional science, did not evolve in isolation in various countries during the nineteenth century, but that there was lively exchange and synergy in geological research and findings among geologists working in Europe, the Americas and Asia.
Does the mode of delivery in routine cardiac rehabilitation have an association with cardiovascular risk factor outcomes?
Authors: Harrison Alex S , Doherty Patrick 
Published: September 2018

Aims Cardiac rehabilitation is one of the most cost-effective interventions for patients with cardiovascular disease. Worldwide supervised group-based cardiac rehabilitation is the dominant mode of delivery followed by facilitated self-managed (FSM), which is emerging as part of a cardiac rehabilitation menu. Modern research evidence, using trials and well-resourced interventions, suggests FSM is comparable to supervised rehabilitation in its outcomes for patients; however, this is yet to be established using routine clinical practice data. Methods Including 81,626 patients from routine clinical data in the National Audit of Cardiac Rehabilitation, this observational study investigated whether mode of delivery, supervised or FSM, was associated with similar cardiac rehabilitation outcomes. Hierarchical regression models included patient and service covariates such as age, gender, cardiac rehabilitation duration and programme staff type. Results The results showed 85% of the population received supervised cardiac rehabilitation. The FSM group were significantly older, female and predominantly in lower socioeconomic groups. The results showed that all patients on average benefit from cardiac rehabilitation, independently of mode of delivery, across all risk factors. Additional benefit of 13% and 11.4% increased likelihood of achieving the target state for physical activity and body mass index respectively when using FSM approaches. Conclusion This is the first study to investigate traditional cardiovascular risk factors with cardiac rehabilitation mode of delivery using routine clinical data. Both modes of delivery were associated with comparable statistically significant positive outcomes. Despite having equivalent outcomes, FSM cardiac rehabilitation continues to be underutilised, with less than 20% of patients receiving this mode of delivery in the UK.
Comparison of International Prognostic Scoring System (IPSS) and Revised IPSS (IPSS-R) in myelodysplastic syndromes (MDS).
Authors: Mushtaq Muhammad Umair , Ali Abdullah , Morita Kiyomi , Pinheiro Ronald , Baig Muhammad , Raza Azra 
Published: September 2018

e18549 Background: IPSS and IPSS-R stratifies MDS patients into low- to high-risk groups based on karyotype, bone marrow myeloblasts and cytopenias. We report the comparison of IPSS and IPSS-R in predicting overall survival (OS) in MDS patients. Methods: A retrospective review of 282 MDS patients, from Columbia University Medical Center Tissue Repository, was conducted. Karyotype and clinical factors were ascertained at the time of referral. Kaplan-Meier and cox regression analyses were conducted to correlate factors with OS. Median OS (mOS) and Hazard ratios (HR) with 95% confidence intervals (CI) were obtained. Results: Median age was 73 years with mOS of 105 months (95% CI 90.5-119.5). Median values for clinical factors were: myeloblasts 2%, hemoglobin (HGB) 9.6 g/dL, platelets (PLT) 109,000 cells/uL and neutrophils (ANC) 1895 cells/uL. Karyotype was good (65%), intermediate (20%) and poor (15%).As compared to ≤ 2% myeloblasts, 3-4% (HR 1.92, 95% CI 1.11-3.34, P = 0.021), 5-10% (HR 4.04, 95% CI 2.45-6.67, P < 0.001) and 11-19% myeloblasts (HR 5.62, 95% CI 3.11-10.17, P < 0.001) predicted poor OS.Poor karyotype vs. good karyotype (HR 2.87, 95% CI 1.81-4.55, P < 0.001), HGB < 10 g/dL (HR 1.84, 95% CI 1.18-2.85, P = 0.007), PLT < 50,000 cells/uL (HR 2.09, 95% CI 1.38-3.15, P < 0.001) and ANC < 800 cells/uL (HR 1.74, 95% CI 1.13-2.67, P = 0.013) predicted poor OS. Median IPSS and IPSS-R scores were 0.5 (scale 0-3.0) and 3 (scale 0-9.5) respectively.As per IPSS, 79% patients had low- (low and intermediate-I) and 21% had high-risk disease (intermediate-II and high). IPSS high-risk (mOS 40 months, 95% CI 16-64) vs. low-risk patients (mOS 125 months, 95% CI 102-148) had poor OS (HR 2.92, 95% CI 1.94-4.38, P < 0.001). As per IPSS-R, 57% patients were low- (very low and low), 18% were intermediate- and 24.5% were high-risk (high and very high). IPSS-R high- (mOS 40 months, 95% CI 19-61; HR 4.83, 95% CI 3.06-7.62, P < 0.001) and intermediate-risk patients (mOS 67 months, 95% CI 5-129; HR 2.72, 95% CI 1.59-4.65, P < 0.001) had poor prognosis vs. low-risk patients (mOS 165 months, 95% CI 109-221). Conclusions: IPSS-R low-, intermediate- and high-risk groups were better predictors of OS as compared to IPSS risk groups in MDS patients.
Effect of inpatient palliative care during hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HCT) hospitalization on psychological distress at six months post-HCT.
Authors: El-Jawahri Areej , Traeger Lara , VanDusen Harry , Greer Joseph A. , Jackson Vicki A. , Pirl William F. , Telles Jason , Fishman Sarah , Rhodes Alison , Spitzer Thomas R. , McAfee Steven L. , Chen Yi-Bin Albert , Temel Jennifer S. 
Published: September 2018

10005 Background: Patients’ experience during HCT hospitalization leads to significant psychological distress post-HCT. Inpatient palliative care integrated with transplant care improves patient-reported QOL and symptom burden during hospitalization for HCT. We assessed the impact of the inpatient palliative care intervention on patients’ QOL, mood, and post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) at 6 months post-HCT. Methods: We randomized 160 patients with hematologic malignancies admitted for autologous or allogeneic HCT to an inpatient palliative care intervention (n=81) integrated with transplant care compared to transplant care alone (n=79). At baseline and 6 months post-HCT, we assessed QOL, mood, and PTSD symptoms using the Functional Assessment of Cancer Therapy-Bone Marrow Transplant (FACT-BMT), the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS) and Patient Health Questionnaire (PHQ-9), and the PTSD checklist, respectively. To assess symptom burden during HCT hospitalization, we used the Edmonton Symptom Assessment Scale. We utilized linear regression models controlling for baseline values to analyze the intervention effects on outcomes at 6 months. We conducted causal mediation analyses to examine whether symptom burden during HCT mediated the effect of the intervention on o utcomes at 6 months. Results: Between 8/14 and 1/16, we enrolled 160/186 (86%) of potentially eligible patients. At 6 months post-HCT, the intervention led to improvements in depression and PTSD symptoms, but not QOL or anxiety [Table]. Improvement in symptom burden during HCT hospitalization partially mediated the effect of the intervention on patient-reported outcomes at six months post-HCT. Conclusions: Inpatient palliative care integrated with transplant care leads to improvements in depression and PTSD symptoms at 6 months post-HCT. Addressing symptom burden during HCT hospitalization partially accounts for the effect of the intervention on these long-term outcomes. Clinical trial information: NCT02207322. [Table: see text]