bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Deficiencias normativas que se presentan en las audiencias de incumplimiento celebradas por la Gobernación de Boyacá, durante el período comprendido entre la entrada en vigencia de la Ley 1474 de 2011 y el año 2016
Authors: Blanco Leguizamon Ricardo , Gómez Rutua Milton 
Published: October 2018

El presente artículo de investigación expone la naturaleza y el marco jurídico de las audiencias de incumplimiento, así como los tipos de sanciones derivados de dichas audiencias. Posteriormente analiza las audiencias de incumplimiento celebradas por la Gobernación de Boyacá, entidad que cuenta con un sistema integrado de gestión el cual implementa y hace seguimiento a los procedimientos administrativos contractuales, mediante formatos propuestos por la Dirección de Contratación. Estos formatos fueron comparados con los lineamientos en materia sancionatoria y procedimental establecidos y regulados en la Ley 80 de 1993 y en la Ley 1474 de 2011, así como en la jurisprudencia contencioso administrativa, entre otras, para identificar las posibles deficiencias normativas en las que puede incurrir la Gobernación de Boyacá al iniciar los procedimientos sancionatorios El desarrollo del presente artículo pretende dar respuesta al siguiente problema de investigación: Deficiencias normativas que se presentan en las audiencias de incumplimiento celebradas por la Gobernación de Boyacá, durante el período comprendido entre la entrada en vigencia de la Ley 1474 de 2011 y el año 2016. Para lo cual se dividirá el presente artículo en tres partes: la primera en la que se analiza el contexto y marco jurídico de las audiencias de incumplimiento, desde su naturaleza, sus antecedentes en el derecho administrativo colombiano y su evolución hasta nuestros días, así como las clases de sanciones que de este tipo de procedimiento se derivan. En la segunda parte, trataremos las deficiencias procedimentales y jurídicas que se han presentado en las audiencias de incumplimiento celebradas por la Gobernación de Boyacá en el quinquenio comprendido entre 2011 y 2016; para culminar en la tercera parte del artículo con una serie de recomendaciones y sugerencias que, a nuestro modo de ver, permitirán hacer más efectivas las audiencias de incumplimiento celebradas por la Gobernación sin poner en riesgo los derechos que el contratista, como colaborador de la administración, tiene y permitiendo que con ellas se materialice de manera efectiva la finalidad que el legislador buscó con su institucionalización.
¿Qué hacemos con el miedo? Diálogos entre estudiantes y mujeres en el barrio. Experiencias en San Juan de Pavas, San José
Authors: Paniagua Arguedas Laura , Mora Valverde Heiner 
Published: October 2018

ResumenEl artículo presenta reflexiones provenientes de la investigación - acción vinculada al trabajo con comunidades en zonas que enfrentan empobrecimiento. En éste, se elaboran consideraciones a partir de la experiencia pedagógica con estudiantes de Trabajo Comunal Universitario (TCU) en intercambio con la comunidad de Finca San Juan en Pavas, San José. Por medio de talleres, esculturas humanas y el diálogo entre las mujeres de la comunidad y las estudiantes, se elabora un análisis sobre el miedo cotidiano para tratar de entender su origen, manifestaciones, experiencias vinculadas y qué se puede hacer con él. El artículo aporta un análisis de los aprendizajes de este grupo e incorpora discusiones surgidas en el marco de un foro universitario, que permite presentar la discusión sobre el papel de la acción social universitaria en las comunidades. El análisis concluye que el miedo debe ser entendido en las relaciones sociales pues tiene un papel importante en las subjetividades y marca la formación de lazos sociales de las personas en el barrio. Además, de que el fortalecimiento de la relación entre las comunidades y la universidad propicia las mejores condiciones de trabajo para vecinos y estudiantes.Palabras clave: Lazo social; Comunidad; Investigación participativa; Aprendizaje activo; Acción comunitaria; Miedo What do we do with fear? Dialogues between students and women in the neighborhood. Experiences in San Juan, Pavas, San José. AbstractThe article reflects on the - action research linked to the work with communities that face impoverishment. Some arguments are presented based on the teaching experience of students from the university communal work in exchange with the Finca San Juan’s community in Pavas, San José. Through workshops, human sculptures and the dialogue between women and students from this community, fear is analyzed in order to understand its origins, manifestations, related experiences, and possible solutions. This article evaluates this group experiences and concludes that fear must be studied within social relationships since it has an important role in the neighborhood’s social ties and festivities.Key Words: Social Ties; Community; Participatory Research; Active Learning; Community Action; Fear. Acerca del proceso editorial y sus publicaciones la revista Reflexiones utiliza la licencia Creative Commons (CC BY-NC-ND 4.0)
Experiencias de resistencia juvenil frente a la opresión hacia las sexualidades disidentes en San Ramón de Alajuela
Authors: Muñoz Amores Adriana Patricia , Calvo Ugalde Adrián Francisco , Robles Murillo Keylor , Chaves Aguilar Jorge Luis 
Published: October 2018

Resumen Este artículo aborda las prácticas de resistencia desarrolladas por algunas agrupaciones juveniles ubicadas en el cantón de San Ramón de Alajuela frente a actos de discriminación hacia las sexualidades disidentes experimentados en dos instalaciones comerciales entre los meses de abril y mayo del 2016. El proceso reflexivo ha sido construido en el marco del proyecto: Manifestaciones de la participación juvenil en el cantón de San Ramón, Alajuela: Motivaciones, alcances y desafíos, en el período 2015 - 2017, inscrito en la Vicerrectoría de Investigación de la Universidad de Costa Rica. Por lo tanto, se aborda la heteronormatividad como parte de la cultura hegemónica y algunas acciones colectivas de resistencia en el contexto local, desde las identidades de género disidentes. Además se intenta de-construir el imaginario social que se teje alrededor de la protesta social, particularmente las expresiones de resistencia vinculadas con las sexualidades disidentes y subalternizadas.Palabras claves: Acciones colectivas, Resistencia juvenil, Sexualidades disidentes, Heteronormatividad, Participación juvenil Experiences of youth resistance facing oppression of dissident sexualities in San Ramón, AlajuelaAbstractThis article refers to the experiences of resistance developed by some youth groups located in the canton of San Ramón de Alajuela against acts of discrimination against dissident sexualities experienced in two commercial facilities between the months of April and May 2016. The process of systematization has been built within the framework of the research project: Manifestations of youth participation in the canton of San Ramon, Alajuela: Motivations, scope and challenges, period 2015-2017, enrolled in Vicerrectoría de Investigación at Universidad de Costa Rica. Consequently, through a case study heteronormativity is tackled as part of the hegemonic culture and some collective actions of resistance in the local context are approached addressing the dissident gender identities. Additionally, it is intended to deconstruct a social imaginary biased against the social protest, particularly the expressions of resistance linked to dissident and subordinated sexualities.Key Words: Collective actions, Youthful resistance, Dissident sexualities, Heteronormativity, Youth participation. Acerca del proceso editorial y sus publicaciones la revista Reflexiones utiliza la licencia Creative Commons (CC BY-NC-ND 4.0)
Estudio de opinión sobre preferencias de los pacientes en la escogencia entre la medicina tradicional y alternativa en la ciudad de Barranquilla
Authors: García Consuegra Freddy 
Published: October 2018

El propósito de este artículo es determinar las diferentes opiniones que se exponen, objeto de este análisis, como es la preferencia del paciente a la hora de escoger entre un médico alternativo y un médico alopático en la ciudad de Barranquilla.
Para este proceso se decidió aplicar una investigación cuantitativa donde el instrumento de evaluación son varios tipos de encuestas de profundidad a usuarios, médicos y farmacias; donde se evalúa en una muestra de individuos y sector de una población. Su finalidad es obtener la información y analizarla para su mejor comprensión, de manera que pueda utilizarse eficazmente para conocer la opinión de las personas a la hora de elegir entre la medicina tradicional llamada también alopática y la alternativa denominada natural, para la consecución del artículo.
La modelación con apoyo de software libre y los cambios en los procesos de aprendizaje en matemáticas en los estudiantes de primero de bachillerato
Authors: Gonzales Prado Neli Norma , Trelles Zambrano César Augusto 
Published: October 2018

El presente trabajo muestra los fundamentos principales y algunos aspectos metodológicos en un proyecto de investigación que involucra los procesos de modelación matemática y el uso de recursos tecnológicos en dos instituciones educativas. Las razones principales para llevar a cabo el proyecto han sido la reciente incorporación de la modelación matemática en el currículo ecuatoriano y la escasa investigación a nivel nacional que reporte las ventajas o desventajas de utilizar esta metodología en las aulas.Para la ejecución de la investigación se trabaja mediante la investigación-acción-participación, con un enfoque reflexivo y colaborativo del proceso.Este enfoque cuenta con la participación directa de los involucrados en el proceso de aplicación mediante foros de discusión, mesas redondas y paneles de trabajo.
Free thyroid hormons ration in patients with amiodaron-induced thyrotoxicosis type 1 and type 2
Authors: Ulupova E. O. , Bogdanova G. A. , Karonova T. L. , Grineva E. N. 
Published: October 2018

Differentiation between amiodarone-induced thyrotoxicosis type 1 (AmIT1) and type 2 (AmIT2) is a diagnostic challenge. The current diagnostic tests are often unable to differentiate these two types of thyrotoxic syndrome. Several studies had shown that the serum T4 level and T3/T4 ratio are significantly different in patients with destructive thyroiditis, and those with Graves` disease. These studies showed that the serum T4 concentration is significantly higher, and the T3/T4 ratio is significantly lower in patients with destructive forms of thyroiditis compared to their values in Graves’ disease. Since AmIT1 is known to develop in patients with latent Graves` disease, and AmIT2 is a destructive thyroiditis, the purpose of our study was to evaluate the serum FТ4 level and FT4/FT3 ratio in AmIT1 and AmIT2 as an additional diagnostic test for differentiating these types of thyrotoxicosis. 45 patients with thyrotoxicosis (33 with AmIT1 and 12 AmIT2) were included in the study. The diagnosis of thyrotoxicosis type (AmIT1 or AmIT2) was established on the basis of clinical data, color flow Doppler sonography (CFDS), the presence of TSH receptor autoantibody in patients with AmIT1, as well as the effect of treatment. There was no difference in FT3 levels in patients with AmIT1 and AmIT2, while the FT4 values were significantly higher in patients with AmIT2 (36,2±19,1 mmol/L) than in those with AmIT1 (17,8±3,7 mmol/L, p= 0,002). Also, a difference in the FT4/FT3 ratio was found between AmIT1 (2,7±0,8) and AmIT2 (6,1±5,7, p=0,048). Moreover, 75% of patients with AmIT1 had FT4/FT3ratio < 3,10, while 75% of patients with AmIT2 had FT4/FT3 ratio > 3,65. The FT4/FT3 ratio can be used as an additional test in the differential diagnosis AmIT1 and AmIT2.
Transitive Poetry: Arts-Based Research as a Mode for Student Voice
Authors: Callaghan Tonya D. , Wierzbicki Zachary W. , Chevrette-McIvor Hannah 
Published: October 2018

Arts-based research marks a unique nexus of curricula and its social context. Through the application of semiotics and a focus on anti-oppressive pedagogy, this paper articulates the function of art curricula in empowering student voice to approach and begin to dismantle the oppression of minoritized peoples. We have initiated a political, participatory application of Erasure Poetry that emphasizes the relationship of participants to their broader political environment. The presence of students throughout every dimension of the classroom experience makes the facilitation of their voices a key tool for consciousness-raising and the promotion of equitable, pluralistic, and democratic pedagogies. We posit that making political poetry is an important vehicle for personal reflection, critical thinking, self-expression, and demonstrating knowledge through action that is particularly effective for engaging minority learners, such as those who identify as gender and sexually diverse, in conservative times. Keywords: Erasure poetry, semiotics, student voice, gender & sexually diverse learners
Trump, Xi and Game Theory
Authors: Namaki M S S El 
Published: October 2018

<p>Presidents Trump and Xi are approaching a game theory Nash construct. Both, predecessors included, have colluded into creating a race towards dominance of global trade, finance and technology. China by, primarily, enhancing the consumption share of US GDP and America by feeding Chinese insatiable hunger for technology. They created a dangerous measure of interdependence that translated into a mutually exclusive “win” situation. The game would have continued unchallenged was it not for President Trump’s sudden realization that the probability of a win-win outcome is low. He then tampered with the underlying premises of the game and a new dynamic emerged. How will the game evolve? This will be the focus of the following article. The article applies an eclectic mix of conceptual frameworks including Game Theory, Nash equilibrium and Hofstede’ culture consequences,<strong> </strong>among others, in order to formulate a likely scenario. It analytically places the two presidents within a Nash equilibrium prisoners’ dilemma framework with each considering his strategic moves while eying shadow moves by the other.<strong></strong></p>
Treatment of Patellar Fractures and Injuries to the Extensor Mechanism of the Knee
Authors: Bui Christopher N. , Learned James R. , Scolaro John A. 
Published: October 2018

* Patellar fractures occur as a result of a direct blow to the knee and/or as a result of tension when the forces generated between the quadriceps tendon and patellar tendon overcome the strength of the bone.* Patellar fractures that include a functional disruption to the extensor mechanism should be treated with stable open reduction and internal fixation.* If necessary, partial (or, rarely, complete) excision of the patella can be performed to provide a stable extensor mechanism repair.* Acute quadriceps and patellar tendon ruptures, if complete, require primary repair.* Delayed intervention for any complete extensor mechanism disruption may result in the need for reconstruction, augmentation, or advanced techniques to facilitate early motion.
Biopolymer Substrates in Buccal Drug Delivery: Current Status and Future Trend
Authors: Sun Bo , Wang Weijun , He Zhibin , Zhang Min , Kong Fangong , Sain Mohini 
Published: October 2018

Background:This paper provides a critical review of biopolymer-based substrates, especially the cellulose derivatives, for their application in buccal drug delivery. Drug delivery to the buccal mucous has the benefits of immobile muscle, abundant vascularization and rapid recovery, but not all the drugs can be administered through the buccal mucosa (e.g., macromolecular drugs), due to the low bioavailability caused by their large molecular size. This shortfall inspired the rapid development of drug-compounding technologies and the corresponding usage of biopolymer substrates.Methods:Cellulose derivatives have been extensively developed for drug manufacturing to facilitate its delivery. We engaged in structured research of cellulose-based drug compounding technologies. We summarized the characteristic cellulose derivatives which have been used as the biocompatible substrates in buccal delivery systems. The discussion of potential use of the rapidly-developed nanocellulose (NC) is also notable in this paper.Results:Seventy-eight papers were referenced in this perspective paper with the majority (sixty-five) published later than 2010. Forty-seven papers defined the buccal drug delivery systems and their substrates. Fifteen papers outlined the properties and applications of cellulose derivatives. Nanocellulose was introduced as a leading edge of nanomaterial with sixteen papers highlighted its adaptability in drug compounding for buccal delivery.Conclusion:The findings of this perspective paper proposed the potential use of cellulose derivatives, the typical kind of biopolymers, in the buccal drug delivery system for promoting the bioavailability of macromolecular drugs. Nanocellulose (NC) in particular was proposed as an innovative bio-binder/carrier for the controlled-release of drugs in buccal system.
Natural Products for Vulvovaginal Candidiasis Treatment: Evidence from Clinical Trials
Authors: González-Burgos E. , Gómez-Serranillos M.P. 
Published: October 2018

Background:
Candida albicans is an opportunistic yeast that causes more than 90% of all
vulvovaginal infections. Because of being inherently resistant to antifungals drugs such as azole derivatives,
the search for anti-Candida albicans agents with new pharmacological targets is considered as the
main therapeutic strategy to prevent and treat these types of infections. In this context, products of natural
origin are a promising source of compounds with antifungal activity.

Objective:
The current review analyzes clinical evidence on the effectiveness of natural products in the
vulvovaginal Candida albicans infections.

Method:
A literature review in the electronic databases PubMed, Google Scholar, Cochrane Library
Plus, Web of Science, Latin American and Caribbean Literature on Health Sciences (Lilacs) and Scientific
Electronic Library Online (SciELO) using the search terms “Natural Products”, “Phytotherapy”,
“Vulvovaginal Candidiasis” and “Clinical Trials” together with the Boolean term ‘AND’ was performed.
English, Spanish and French articles without restriction of date of publication were considered.

Results:
A total of 13 clinical trials (most of them randomized clinical trials which used azoles as control
group) evaluated the anti-Candida activity of a total of 11 different natural products (i.e. Zataria
multiflora essential oils, Ageratina pichinchensis and Solanum nigrescens extracts and saponins from
Solanum chrysotrichum, among others) against vulvovaginitis have been included in the current review.

Conclusion:
Because of the few clinical trials it is difficult to establish a consistent conclusion about the
effectiveness of natural products in the prevention and treatment of vulvovaginitis caused by Candida
albicans. Future studies should be aimed at evaluating new natural products as well as conducting more
clinical research with promising natural substances already investigated in clinical trials.
Facile One-Pot Friedlander Synthesis of Functionalized Quinolines using Graphene Oxide Carbocatalyst
Authors: Singhal Anchal , Kumari Pratibha , Nisa Kharu 
Published: October 2018

Background:
Quinolines represent an important class of bioactive molecules which are present in
various synthetic drugs, biologically active natural compounds and pharmaceuticals. Quinolines find their potential
applications in various chemical and biomedical fields. Thereby, the demand for more efficient and simple
methodologies for the synthesis of quinolines is growing rapidly.
</P><P>
Objective: The green one-pot Friedlander Synthesis of Functionalized Quinolines has been demonstrated by
using graphene oxide as a carbocatalyst.
</P><P>
Method: The graphene oxide catalyzed condensation reaction of 2–aminoaryl carbonyl compounds with different
cyclic/ acyclic/ aromatic carbonyl compounds in methanol at 70°C affords different quinoline derivatives.
</P><P>
Results: The reaction has been examined in different protic and aprotic solvents and the best yield of quinoline
is observed in methanol at 70°C.

Conclusion:
The present method of quinoline synthesis offers various advantages over other reported methods
such as short reaction time, high yield of product, recycling of catalyst and simple separation procedure. The
graphene oxide carbocatalyst can be easily recovered from the reaction mixture by centrifugation and then can
be reused several times without any significant loss in its activity.
DNA Cleavage Properties, Antimicrobial and Cytotoxic Activity and 4D-QSAR Analysis of Some Pyrazole Derivatives
Authors: Kopru Semiha , Küp Fatma Ozturk , Sabanci Nazmiye , Çadir Mehmet , Bulut Duygu Cemre , Duman Fatih , İlhan Ilhan Ozer , Saripinar Emin 
Published: October 2018

Background:An extensive study of 19 pyrazole derivatives were carried out based on the evaluation of DNA cleavage properties, antimicrobial and cytotoxic activities and 4D-QSAR analysis including pharmacophore modelling and bioactivity prediction by the Electron Conformational-Genetic Algorithm (EC-GA) method.Methods:The pyrazole derivatives were tested for their antimicrobial activity against certain human pathogenic organisms using the agar diffusion procedure. Binding of compounds with DNA was studied by gel electrophoresis using plasmid pBR322 DNA. The compounds were investigated for their properties as cytotoxic agents by brine shrimp lethality bioassay. To identify the pharmacophoric elements and find out the most important molecular properties which govern cytotoxic activity, multiple conformations of the compounds were used.Results:The urea derivatives of pyrazole had higher antibacterial activities against Gram-negative bacteria than against Gram-positive bacteria. Many of the compounds were found to cleave plasmid pBR322 DNA from the supercoiled form to the nicked circular. The cytotoxicity values of the compounds ranged from 13.87 to 84.1 µg/mL. The generated QSAR model was evaluated through the use of the Leave-One-Out Cross Validation (LOO-CV) method. A statistically significant and considerably predictive QSAR model was obtained with 4- descriptors resulting in R2 training =0.8223, R2 test =0.9346, q2=0.6201, q2 ext1=0.8672, q2 ext2= 0.8662 and q2 ext3=0.9511.Discussion:The generated model demonstrates that geometrical parameters are more correlated with cytotoxic activity. The resulting EC-GA model would provide benefits to design novel bioactive pyrazole derivatives which are more potent and have less side effects.Conclusion:It is believed that the generated QSAR model gives insight into developing new more potent pyrazole derivative drugs.
New Procaspase Activating Compound (PAC-1) Like Molecules as Potent Antitumoral Agents Against Lung Cancer
Authors: Yurttaş Leyla , Öztürk Ömer , Cantürk Zerrin 
Published: October 2018

Background:
In this study, novel ortho-hydroxy N-acyl hydrazone moiety including
compounds (3a-l) were designed, based on procaspase activating compound (PAC-1) which is a
small molecule known with antitumor activity. The antitumor activity was evaluated on A549 (human
lung cancer cell line) and CCD 19Lu (human lung normal cell line).

Methods:
Twelve N'-arylidene-2-[4-(methylsulfonyl)piperazin-1-yl]acetohydrazide derivatives
(3a-l) were synthesized starting from ethyl 1-piperazinylacetate. All compounds were tested using
MTT method and Xcelligence-Real time cell analysis system (RTCA DP) to determine their antitumor
activity.

Results:
Some physicochemical properties of four active compounds were also predicted using
MolSoft, PreADMET and PROTOX software. Four of them, 3h, 3j, 3k and 3l bearing 3-hydroxy,
4-dimethylamino, 2,6-dichloro and 3,4-dichloro substituents in order exhibited selective cytotoxicity.

Conclusion:
Eligible values were obtained in the specified ranges as to be an oral/intravenous drug
considering the physicochemical calculations.