bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Effect of prior austenite on reversed austenite stability and mechanical properties of low carbon medium manganese steel heavy plate
Authors: Yu S. , Du L.X. , Yao C.X. , Misra R.D.K. , Zhang B. 
Published: October 2019

AbstractThe effect of prior austenite on reversed austenite stability and mechanical properties of Fe‐0.06C‐0.2Si‐5.5Mn‐0.4Cr (wt.%) annealed steels was elucidated. With the decrease of austenitizing temperature from 1250 °C to 980 °C, the prior austenite changed from complete recrystallization to partial recrystallization, and the average austenite size was reduced. The volume fraction of reversed austenite was increased from 26.32 % to 30.25 % because of high density of grain boundaries and dislocations. The martensite transformation temperature of annealed steels was increased from ∼115 °C to ∼150 °C, and both of thermal and mechanical stability of reversed were reduced. There was no significant different in tensile properties, however, the impact toughness was enhanced from 100 J to 180 J at −60 °C. The excellent impact toughness in annealed steel (austenitized at 980 °C) was obtained because of higher density of high misorientation grain boundaries, more volume fraction of reversed austenite and reduced segregation at grain boundaries.
Wideband dual‐mode microstrip resonators as IF filters in a K‐band wireless transceiver
Authors: Rodríguez‐Meneses Luis A. , Gutiérrez‐Martínez Celso , Murphy‐Arteaga Roberto S. , Meza‐Pérez Jacobo , Torres‐Fórtiz José Alfredo 
Published: October 2019

AbstractIn this article, the design, construction and characterization of band‐pass filters (BPF), based on the classic single‐structure, square‐loop, dual‐mode resonator rings (SL‐DMRR) is revisited. A specific requirement is proposed for using such a basic topology: the design and fabrication of L‐band SL‐DMRR filters to be part of the intermediate frequency (IF) section of a heterodyne K‐band microwave transceiver. The heterodyne K‐band transceiver has been designed and implemented to measure atmospheric attenuation at 22.4 GHz, in the vicinity of the strong absorption peak by water vapor molecules in the atmosphere. The BPFs are designed to operate at a center frequency of 1.1 GHz and a minimum bandwidth of 200 MHz. SL‐DMRR filters in the L‐band microwave range are more compact when compared to other microstrip structures such as parallel coupled lines, tapped input digital filters, hairpin filters, and so on. Filter realizations on FR4 and RT/Duroid 6010 substrates are optimized by resolving narrow coupling gap (0.07‐0.1 mm), between the input/output stubs and the resonator ring. Narrow gaps (less than 0.1 mm) are an original achievement in our work to ensure insertion losses of 1 dB for FR4, 0.5 dB for RT/Duroid, return losses better than 20 dB and a minimum bandwidth of 200 MHz. These figures represent an appreciable advancement of the state‐of‐the‐art for these classic structures for filters. The simulated and measured electrical responses of the filters show an excellent agreement. The IF filter has been incorporated to the K‐band receiver and the system's performance is also reported in this article.
Synthesis and Characterization of pH‐sensitive Poly(IA‐co‐AAc‐co‐AAm) Hydrogels via Frontal Polymerization
Authors: Irfan Muhammad , Du Xiang‐Yun , Xu Xu Ran , Shen Rui Qi , Chen Su , Xiao Ji Jun 
Published: October 2019

ABSTRACTIn this work, we report a series of poly(itaconic acid‐co‐acrylic acid‐co‐acrylamide) (poly(IA‐co‐AAc‐co‐AAm)) hydrogels via frontal polymerization (FP). FP starts on the top of the reaction mixture with aid of heating provided from soldering iron gun. Once polymerization initiated, no further energy is required to complete the process. The influences of IA/AAc weight ratios on frontal velocities, temperatures, and conversions on the reaction time are thoroughly investigated and discussed where the amount of AAm monomer remains constant. Fourier transform‐infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), scanning electron microscope (SEM), dynamic mechanical analysis, and the swelling measurement are applied to characterize the as‐synthesized poly(IA‐co‐AAc‐co‐AAm) hydrogels. Interestingly, the swelling ratios of the hydrogels are changed with different IA/AAc contents, and the maximum swelling ratios are ~4439% in water. SEM images describe highly porous morphologies and explain good swelling capabilities. Moreover, the poly(IA‐co‐AAc‐co‐AAm) hydrogels exhibit superior pH‐responsive ability. © 2019 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Polym. Sci., Part A: Polym. Chem. 2019, 57, 2214–2221
Small angle X‐ray scattering‐assisted protein structure prediction in CASP13 and emergence of solution structure differences
Authors: Hura Greg L. , Hodge Curtis D. , Rosenberg Daniel , Guzenko Dmytro , Duarte Jose M. , Monastyrskyy Bohdan , Grudinin Sergei , Kryshtafovych Andriy , Tainer John A. , Fidelis Krzysztof , Tsutakawa Susan E. 
Published: October 2019

AbstractSmall angle X‐ray scattering (SAXS) measures comprehensive distance information on a protein's structure, which can constrain and guide computational structure prediction algorithms. Here, we evaluate structure predictions of 11 monomeric and oligomeric proteins for which SAXS data were collected and provided to predictors in the 13th round of the Critical Assessment of protein Structure Prediction (CASP13). The category for SAXS‐assisted predictions made gains in certain areas for CASP13 compared to CASP12. Improvements included higher quality data with size exclusion chromatography‐SAXS (SEC‐SAXS) and better selection of targets and communication of results by CASP organizers. In several cases, we can track improvements in model accuracy with use of SAXS data. For hard multimeric targets where regular folding algorithms were unsuccessful, SAXS data helped predictors to build models better resembling the global shape of the target. For most models, however, no significant improvement in model accuracy at the domain level was registered from use of SAXS data, when rigorously comparing SAXS‐assisted models to the best regular server predictions. To promote future progress in this category, we identify successes, challenges, and opportunities for improved strategies in prediction, assessment, and communication of SAXS data to predictors. An important observation is that, for many targets, SAXS data were inconsistent with crystal structures, suggesting that these proteins adopt different conformation(s) in solution. This CASP13 result, if representative of PDB structures and future CASP targets, may have substantive implications for the structure training databases used for machine learning, CASP, and use of prediction models for biology.
Isolation and Profiling of Circulating Tumor‐Associated Exosomes Using Extracellular Vesicular Lipid–Protein Binding Affinity Based Microfluidic Device
Authors: Kang Yoon‐Tae , Purcell Emma , Palacios‐Rolston Colin , Lo Ting‐Wen , Ramnath Nithya , Jolly Shruti , Nagrath Sunitha 
Published: October 2019

AbstractExtracellular vesicles (EVs) are emerging as a potential diagnostic test for cancer. Owing to the recent advances in microfluidics, on‐chip EV isolation is showing promise with respect to improved recovery rates, smaller necessary sample volumes, and shorter processing times than ultracentrifugation. Immunoaffinity‐based microfluidic EV isolation using anti‐CD63 is widely used; however, anti‐CD63 is not specific to cancer‐EVs, and some cancers secrete EVs with low expression of CD63. Alternatively, phosphatidylserine (PS), usually expressed in the inner leaflet of the lipid bilayer of the cells, is shown to be expressed on the outer surface of cancer‐associated EVs. A new exosome isolation microfluidic device (newExoChip), conjugated with a PS‐specific protein, to isolate cancer‐associated exosomes from plasma, is presented. The device achieves 90% capture efficiency for cancer cell exosomes compared to 38% for healthy exosomes and isolates 35% more A549‐derived exosomes than an anti‐CD63‐conjugated device. Immobilized exosomes are then easily released using Ca2+ chelation. The recovered exosomes from clinical samples are characterized by electron microscopy and western‐blot analysis, revealing exosomal shapes and exosomal protein expressions. The newExoChip facilitates the isolation of a specific subset of exosomes, allowing the exploration of the undiscovered roles of exosomes in cancer progression and metastasis.
Large‐Scale Growth and Field‐Effect Transistors Electrical Engineering of Atomic‐Layer SnS2
Authors: Xu Liping , Zhang Peng , Jiang Huaning , Wang Xiang , Chen Fangfang , Hu Zhigao , Gong Yongji , Shang Liyan , Zhang Jinzhong , Jiang Kai , Chu Junhao 
Published: October 2019

Abstract2D layers of metal dichalcogenides are of considerable interest for high‐performance electronic devices for their unique electronic properties and atomically thin geometry. 2D SnS2 nanosheets with a bandgap of ≈2.6 eV have been attracting intensive attention as one potential candidate for modern electrocatalysis, electronic, and/or optoelectronic fields. However, the controllable growth of large‐size and high‐quality SnS2 atomic layers still remains a challenge. Herein, a salt‐assisted chemical vapor deposition method is provided to synthesize atomic‐layer SnS2 with a large crystal size up to 410 µm and good uniformity. Particularly, the as‐fabricated SnS2 nanosheet‐based field‐effect transistors (FETs) show high mobility (2.58 cm2 V−1 s−1) and high on/off ratio (≈108), which is superior to other reported SnS2‐based FETs. Additionally, the effects of temperature on the electrical properties are systematically investigated. It is shown that the scattering mechanism transforms from charged impurities scattering to electron–phonon scattering with the temperature. Moreover, SnS2 can serve as an ideal material for energy storage and catalyst support. The high performance together with controllable growth of SnS2 endow it with great potential for future applications in electrocatalysis, electronics, and optoelectronics.
Induced Pluripotent Stem Cells Attenuate Endothelial Leakage in Acute Lung Injury via Tissue Inhibitor of Metalloproteinases-1 to Reduce Focal Adhesion Kinase Activity
Authors: Su Vincent Yi-Fong , Chiou Shih-Hwa , Lin Chi-Shiuan , Mo Min-Hsiang , Yang Kuang-Yao 
Published: October 2019

Abstract
Induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) can reduce the severity of endotoxin-induced acute lung injury (ALI). However, the interaction between iPSCs and vascular endothelium remains unclear. In this study, we investigated the effects of iPSCs in moderating pulmonary endothelial leakage in endotoxin-induced ALI. Murine iPSCs were delivered intravenously to male C57BL/6 mice (8–12 weeks old) 4 hours after intratracheal lipopolysaccharide (LPS) delivery. Histology, blood and bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF) cytokine and junctional protein assays, and regulatory signaling pathway assays were performed 24 hours later. Human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs) were used as a model of junctional protein-expressing cells and stimulated with LPS. Our results showed that iPSC treatment alleviated histological signs of ALI, protein leakage, and proinflammatory cytokines. iPSC therapy restored vascular endothelial cadherin (VE-cadherin) expression in ALI mouse lungs. In HUVECs, human iPSCs (hiPSCs) restored disrupted VE-cadherin expression and reduced the activity of Snail and focal adhesion kinase (FAK) phosphorylation in Tyr397 in response to LPS. iPSC-conditioned medium contained extra antiangiogenic factor of tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinases-1 (TIMP-1) compared with control medium. TIMP-1 inhibition diminished the beneficial effects of iPSC-conditioned medium in ALI mice. Our study suggested that iPSCs attenuate endothelial cell leakage in endotoxin-induced ALI via a mechanism involving TIMP-1 and the FAK/Snail pathway. Stem Cells 2019;37:1516–1527
AWOSE - A Process Model for Incorporating Ethical Analyses in Agile Systems Engineering
Authors: Strenge Benjamin , Schack Thomas 
Published: October 2019

AbstractEthical, legal and social implications are widely regarded as important considerations with respect to technological developments. Agile Worth-Oriented Systems Engineering (AWOSE) is an innovative approach to incorporating ethically relevant criteria during agile development processes through a flexibly applicable methodology. First, a predefined model for the ethical evaluation of socio-technical systems is used to assess ethical issues according to different dimensions. The second part of AWOSE ensures that ethical issues are not only identified, but also systematically considered during the design of systems based on information and communication technology. For this purpose, the findings from the first step are integrated with approaches from worth-centered development into a process model that, unlike previous approaches to ethical system development, is thoroughly compatible with agile methodologies like Scrum or Extreme Programming. Artifacts of worth-centered development called Worth Maps have been improved to guide the prioritization of development tasks as well as choices among design alternatives with respect to ethical implications. Furthermore, the improved Worth Maps facilitate the identification of suitable criteria for system evaluations in association to ethical concerns and desired positive outcomes of system usage. The potential of the AWOSE methodology has been demonstrated in the context of a technical system (smart glasses for cognitive assistance) that supports elderly and people with particular handicaps.
Cross-ideological coordination by private interests: Evidence from mortgage market regulation under Dodd-Frank
Authors: Gordon Sanford C. , Rosenthal Howard 
Published: October 2019

AbstractRulemaking pursuant to the 2010 Dodd-Frank Act provides a useful setting to assess theories of interest group influence. In the wake of the financial crisis, Congress delegated new rulemaking authority to federal agencies to regulate mortgage markets. A critical aspect of this new regulatory regime engendered significant controversy from affected interests: “credit risk retention” would require sponsors of asset-backed securities to retain a stake in the risk of securitized assets. Contrary to unrefined industry capture-based accounts stressing the disproportionate role of larger, well-established regulated entities in setting policy, we find little evidence of sustained effort by large lenders to dilute regulatory standards via political investments. Rather, a diverse coalition of housing sector, community, and civil rights groups, backed by an ideologically diverse swath of legislators, forced substantial regulatory retrenchment. Our analysis suggests a more nuanced view of private influence, in which coordination plays a more substantial role than political investments alone.
Implementation of Epilepsy Multigene Panel Testing in Ontario, Canada
Authors: Dyment David A. , Prasad Asuri N. , Boycott Kym M. , Ediae Grace U. , Hartley Taila , Hassan Ayman , Muir Katherine E. , Potter Murray , Boisse Lomax Lysa , Jarinova Olga , Sadikovic Bekim , Stavropoulos Dimitri J. , Snead O. Carter 
Published: October 2019

Abstract:Background:Epilepsy is a common neurological condition that shows a marked genetic predisposition. The advent of next-generation sequencing (NGS) has transformed clinical genetic testing by allowing the rapid screen for causative variants in multiple genes. There are currently no NGS-based multigene panel diagnostic tests available for epilepsy as a licensed clinical diagnostic test in Ontario, Canada. Eligible patient samples are sent out of country for testing by commercial laboratories, which incurs significant cost to the public healthcare system.Objective:An expert Working Group of medical geneticists, pediatric neurologists/epileptologists, biochemical geneticists, and clinical molecular geneticists from Ontario was formed by the Laboratories and Genetics Branch of the Ontario Ministry of Health and Long-Term Care to develop a programmatic approach to implementing epilepsy panel testing as a provincial service.Results:The Working Group made several recommendations for testing to support the clinical delivery of care in Ontario. First, an extension of community healthcare outcomes-based program should be incorporated to inform and educate ordering providers when requesting and interpreting a genetic panel test. Second, any gene panel testing must be “evidence-based” and takes into account varied clinical indications to reduce the chance of uncertain and secondary results. Finally, an ongoing evaluative process was recommended to ensure continued test improvement for the future.Conclusion:This epilepsy panel testing implementation plan will be a model for genetic care directed toward a specific set of conditions in the province and serve as a prototype for genetic testing for other genetically heterogeneous diseases.
The development of an ultra-short, maternal mental health screening tool in South Africa
Authors: van Heyningen T. , Myer L. , Tomlinson M. , Field S. , Honikman S. 
Published: October 2019

Purpose.
The burden of common perinatal mental disorders (CPMD) in low-and-middle-income countries is substantially higher than high-income countries, with low levels of detection, service provision and treatment in resource-constrained settings. We describe the development of an ultra-short screening tool to detect antenatal depression, anxiety disorders and maternal suicidal ideation.

Methods.
A sample of 376 women was recruited at a primary-level obstetric clinic. Five depression and anxiety symptom-screening questionnaires, demographics and psychosocial risk questionnaires were administered. All participants were assessed with the Mini-International Neuropsychiatric Interview (MINI), a structured, diagnostic interview. Screening tool items were analysed against diagnostic data using multiple logistic regression and receiver operating curve (ROC) analysis.

Results.
The prevalence of MINI-defined major depressive episode (MDE) and/or anxiety disorders was 33%. Overall, 18% of participants expressed suicidal ideation and behaviour, 54% of these had no depression or anxiety diagnosis. Multiple logistic regression identified four screening items that were independently predictive of MDE and anxiety disorders, investigating depressed mood, anhedonia, anxiety symptoms and suicidal ideation. ROC analysis of these combined items yielded an area under the curve of 0.83 (95% CI 0.78–0.88). A cut-off score of 2 or more offered a sensitivity of 78% and specificity of 82%.

Conclusion.
This novel screening tool is the first measure of CPMD developed in South Africa to include depressed mood, anxiety symptoms and suicidal ideation. While the tool requires further investigation, it may be useful for the early identification of mental health symptoms and morbidity in the perinatal period.
Testing and application of a model for snow redistribution (Snow_Blow) in the Ellsworth Mountains, Antarctica
Authors: Mills Stephanie C. , Le Brocq Anne M. , Winter Kate , Smith Michael , Hillier John , Ardakova Ekaterina , Boston Clare M. , Sugden David , Woodward John 
Published: October 2019

AbstractWind-driven snow redistribution can increase the spatial heterogeneity of snow accumulation on ice caps and ice sheets, and may prove crucial for the initiation and survival of glaciers in areas of marginal glaciation. We present a snowdrift model (Snow_Blow), which extends and improves the model of Purves, Mackaness and Sugden (1999,Journal of Quaternary Science14, 313–321). The model calculates spatial variations in relative snow accumulation that result from variations in topography, using a digital elevation model (DEM) and wind direction as inputs. Improvements include snow redistribution using a flux routing algorithm, DEM resolution independence and the addition of a slope curvature component. This paper tests Snow_Blow in Antarctica (a modern environment) and reveals its potential for application in palaeoenvironmental settings, where input meteorological data are unavailable and difficult to estimate. Specifically, Snow_Blow is applied to the Ellsworth Mountains in West Antarctica where ablation is considered to be predominantly related to wind erosion processes. We find that Snow_Blow is able to replicate well the existing distribution of accumulating snow and snow erosion as recorded in and around Blue Ice Areas. Lastly, a variety of model parameters are tested, including depositional distance and erosion vs wind speed, to provide the most likely input parameters for palaeoenvironmental reconstructions.
ON THE MONODROMY AND GALOIS GROUP OF CONICS LYING ON HEISENBERG INVARIANT QUARTIC K3 SURFACES
Authors: BOUYER FLORIAN 
Published: October 2019

AbstractIn [5], Eklund showed that a general (ℤ/2ℤ)4 -invariant quartic K3 surface contains at least 320 conics. In this paper, we analyse the field of definition of those conics as well as their Monodromy group. As a result, we prove that the moduli space of (ℤ/2ℤ)4-invariant quartic K3 surface with a certain marked conic has 10 irreducible components.
Evaluating nasal cautery techniques in epistaxis
Authors: Bastianpillai J , Saxby C , Coyle P , Armstrong A , Mohamid W , Mochloulis G 
Published: October 2019

AbstractBackgroundSilver nitrate cautery and bipolar electrocautery are commonly used in the treatment of epistaxis. Currently, there are no recommendations on optimum contact times or power for nasal cautery. ENT consultant practice in the UK has not previously been evaluated.MethodsThis study examined the burn depth associated with silver nitrate (75 per cent concentration) cautery and bipolar electrocautery on porcine septum samples, using varying contact times and power. ENT consultants completed a survey evaluating their practice.Results and conclusionENT consultant practice of nasal cautery was shown to vary widely. Silver nitrate cautery with a contact time of less than 30 seconds does not cause a full thickness burn. The findings lend some support to bilateral cauterisation with silver nitrate. Bipolar electrocautery should be set at lower than 10 W and with a contact time of less than 4 seconds to reduce the risk of complications associated with a full thickness burn.
ADMISSIBLE, SIMILAR TESTS: A CHARACTERIZATION
Authors: Montiel Olea José Luis 
Published: October 2019

This article studies a classical problem in statistical decision theory: a hypothesis test of a sharp null in the presence of a nuisance parameter. The main contribution of this article is a characterization of two finite-sample properties often deemed reasonable in this environment: admissibility and similarity. Admissibility means that a test cannot be improved uniformly over the parameter space. Similarity requires the null rejection probability to be unaffected by the nuisance parameter.The characterization result has two parts. The first part—established by Chernozhukov, Hansen, and Jansson (2009, Econometric Theory 25, 806–818)—states that maximizing weighted average power (WAP) subject to a similarity constraint suffices to generate admissible, similar tests. The second part—hereby established—states that constrained WAP maximization is (essentially) a necessary condition for a test to be admissible and similar. The characterization result shows that choosing an admissible, similar test is tantamount to selecting a particular weight function to report weighted average power. This result applies to full vector inference with a nuisance parameter, not to subvector inference.The article also revisits the theory of testing in the instrumental variables model. Specifically—and in light of the relevance of the weighted average power criterion in the main theoretical result—the article suggests a weight function for the structural parameters of the homoskedastic instrumental variables model, based on the priors proposed by Chamberlain (2007). The corresponding test is, by construction, admissible and similar. In addition, the test is shown to have finite- and large-sample properties comparable to those of the conditional likelihood ratio test.