bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Pesquisa, prática pedagógica e projeto histórico
Authors: Taffarel Celi Nelza Zulke 
Published: January 2019

<span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: Garamond; mso-fareast-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-ansi-language: PT-BR; mso-fareast-language: AR-SA; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA;">Apresenta-se elementos para a articulação entre pesquisa, prática pedagógica e projeto histórico, buscando nexos entre o trabalho pedagógico e a luta mais geral de superação do modo do capital organizar a vida. O ponto de partida é a conjuntura, real, concreta que demonstra a profunda crise estrutural do capital, que é permanente e que se aprofunda cada vez mais e, o emba<span style="mso-tab-count: 1;"> </span>de projetos para a formação dos trabalhadores. O ponto de chegada é a formação de professores no Curso de Licenciatura em Educação do Campo, para responder aos desafios da escola pública, em especial nas classes de 6º a 9º série e no Ensino Médio, a partir de </span><span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: Garamond; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-ansi-language: PT-BR; mso-fareast-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA;">um plano de estudo estruturado na perspectiva do sistema de complexo proposto por Pistrak.</span>
Crise do marxismo e stalinismo: notas sobre algumas posições de Louis Althusser – 1976-1978
Authors: Carlino Fabrizio 
Published: January 2019

<span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: Garamond; mso-fareast-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-bidi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-ansi-language: PT-BR; mso-fareast-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA;">Problemas práticos e teóricos centrais na história do movimento operário, como o stalinismo, a crise do marxismo, a crise internacional e a possibilidade de revolução se encontram, no pensamento de Althusser, estreitamente vinculados. Tais problemas giram em torno da relação entre política, Estado e Partido e recaem sobre a questão da eficácia da ideologia.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Buscaremos ver de que modo se articulam estas relações a partir das intervenções mais significativas pertencentes aos “escritos da transição”, entre 1976 e 1978, com os quais Althusser se pronunciou sobre algumas questões imediatamente políticas.</span>
OS MOVIMENTOS SOCIAIS E A PEDAGOGIA HISTÓRICO-CRÍTICA: O SALTO DE QUALIDADE NECESSÁRIO NA PRÁTICA DA EDUCAÇÃO ESCOLAR E NÃO-ESCOLAR
Authors: Rosar Maria de Fátima Félix 
Published: January 2019

<div class="column"><p><span style="font-size: 11.000000pt; font-family: 'Garamond';">O conteúdo do presente artigo está estruturado em três seções: 1- Preâmbulo, 2- Contradições e superação dialética na história da educação, 3- Movimentos sociais e a Pedagogia Histórico-Crítica no Brasil. Identificam-se relações entre as experiências de mudança qualitativa da ordem social nos séculos XVI, XVIII e XIX, e a educação como elemento político e pedagógico constitutivo dos processos revolucionários. Evidencia-se que em meio às ideologias conservadoras da velha ordem social, reproduzidas pela Igreja e pelo Estado burguês, emergem novas perspectivas de educação e sociedade, portanto as contradições produzem processos de superação, que podem ser identificados na história da educação. Os movimentos sociais como expressão dos embates entre essas ideologias podem ser fortalecidos, na medida em que trabalham com a perspectiva de lutas unificadas e aprofundam suas estratégias, a partir de sua ancoragem no materialismo histórico-dialético. A Pedagogia Histórico-Crítica como perspectiva teórico-prática fundamentada no pensamento marxista, tem se articulado com os movimentos sociais e os processos pedagógicos dentro e fora da escola, contribuindo para que ocorra um salto de qualidade na educação nacional e nas lutas pela construção do socialismo.</span><span style="font-family: Garamond; font-size: 11pt;"> </span></p></div>
CONTRIBUIÇÕES DA PEDAGOGIA HISTÓRICO-CRÍTICA PARA A FORMAÇÃO DE ￼PROFESSORES
Authors: Marsiglia Ana Carolina Galvão , Martins Ligia Marcia 
Published: January 2019

<div class="column"><p><span style="font-size: 11.000000pt; font-family: 'Garamond';">A formação de professores é tema recorrente na academia e suas abordagens são as mais diversas. Nesse artigo procuramos apresentar algumas contribuições da pedagogia histórico-crítica para esse debate, levando em conta a concepção de ser humano, desenvolvimento e o papel da escola, em contraposição aos parâmetros atuais que produzem o esvaziamento e a desvalorização do professor e, consequentemente, da educação escolar</span><span style="font-family: Garamond; font-size: 11pt;">. </span></p></div>
DERMEVAL SAVIANI – UMA TRAJETÓRIA DE LUTA E COMPROMISSO COM A EDUCAÇÃO TRANSFORMADORA
Authors: Batista Eraldo Leme , Lima Marcos Roberto 
Published: January 2019

<p><span style="font-size: 11.000000pt; font-family: 'Garamond';">Neste texto, discorreremos sobre a importância de Dermeval Saviani e sua obra para a educação brasileira. Trata-se da análise de um autor de relevância para o pensamento social, político e pedagógico brasileiro, sobretudo na virada do século XX para XXI, mantendo-se atual diante dos debates político pedagógicos hodiernos. Ao estudarmos sua obra e trajetória de vida, verificamos que Saviani sempre esteve comprometido com a luta por uma sociedade justa e igualitária, sendo a socialização do saber elaborado um de seus principais fundamentos. No decorrer de sua vida acadêmica, escreveu importantes obras que têm contribuído para a formação crítica de milhares de educadores, consolidando-se como clássicos do pensamento pedagógico brasileiro, leitura obrigatória para a compreensão da educação em terras brasílicas. Queremos afirmar com isso que não se estuda filosofia da educação, história da educação, sociologia da educação e políticas educacionais, numa perspectiva crítica, sem o estudo comprometido com as obras de Dermeval Saviani. </span></p>
Dosimetric comparison of VMAT with integrated skin flash to 3D field‐in‐field tangents for left breast irradiation
Authors: Bogue Jonathan , Wan Jui , Lavey Robert S. , Parsai E. Ishmael 
Published: January 2019

AbstractVolumetric modulated arc therapy (VMAT) has been implemented for left breast irradiation to reduce prescription dose to the heart and improve dose homogeneity across the targeted breast. Our in‐house method requires application of a bolus during the optimization process with a target outside of the body, then removing the bolus during the final calculation in order to incorporate skin flash in VMAT plans. To quantify the dosimetric trade‐offs between traditional 3D field‐in‐field tangents and VMAT with integrated skin flash for these patients, we compared nine consecutive patients who recently received radiation to their entire left breast but not their regional lymphatics. Tangent plans used non‐divergent tangents of mixed energies and VMAT plans utilized four 6 MV arcs of roughly 260°. Mean dose to the heart, contralateral lung, and contralateral breast and their volume receiving 5%, 10%, and 20% of the prescription dose were higher in all nine VMAT plans than in the static tangential beam plans. For all critical structures, the mean VMAT DVH was higher in the low‐dose region and crossed the 3D field‐in‐field DVH between 23.13% and 34.18% of the prescription dose (984.75‐1454.70 cGy). However, the volume of the contralateral breast and heart receiving the prescription dose was slightly lower in the VMAT plans, but not statistically significant. VMAT provided superior homogeneity, with a mean homogeneity index of 9.41 ± 1.64 compared to 11.05 ± 1.82 for 3D tangents. Results indicate that VMAT spares the heart, contralateral lung, and contralateral breast from prescription dose at the cost of increasing their mean and low‐dose volume and delivers a more homogenous dose distribution to the breast. For these reasons, VMAT is selectively applied at the request of the physician for left breast radiation without respiratory gating to spare the heart from prescription dose in cases of poor anatomical geometry.
The impact of hedged testimony on judgments of credibility
Authors: Jones Kristyn A. , Strange Deryn 
Published: January 2019

SummaryWe tested whether people are attuned to critical memory factors, such as age at the timing of encoding and hedge words when judging the credibility of testimony. In two experiments, participants read a 19‐year‐old's testimony regarding a sexual assault. We manipulated whether participants learned that the assault occurred 4 years ago (when the claimant was 15 years old) or 15 years ago (when the claimant was 4 years old) and whether the claimant used hedge words in her testimony. In Experiment 2, we included a cross‐examination. Without the cross‐examination, participants rated the testimony as more credible when the assault had occurred 15 years ago. However, with the inclusion of a cross‐examination, participants rated the testimony more reliable when the event occurred 4 years ago and the claimant did not use hedge words. We discuss the implications our results have, particularly for historical cases, where memory is a key factor.
Electrocatalytic Upgrading of Lignin‐Derived Bio‐Oil Based on Surface‐Engineered PtNiB Nanostructure
Authors: Zhou Yulin , Gao Yijing , Zhong Xing , Jiang Wenbin , Liang Yulin , Niu Pengfei , Li Meichao , Zhuang Guilin , Li Xiaonian , Wang Jianguo 
Published: January 2019

AbstractThe development of robust electrocatalysts for electrocatalytic hydrogenation (ECH) of guaiacol and related lignin model monomers is necessary for the stabilization or upgrading of bio‐oil. Additionally, the efficiency of biomass conversion to bio‐oil products remains below the minimum requirements for its implementation at scale. Herein, a PtNiB/CMK‐3 catalyst with pronounced ECH performance in the conversion of guaiacol and related model lignin monomers to bio‐oil under optimally mild conditions, through a modulation strategy that modified the electronic structure of PtNi via boron alloying, is prepared. Notably, the optimized PtNiB/CMK‐3 exhibited an inspiring high faradaic efficiency of 86.2%, which is significantly higher (13.7 times) than that of the PtNi/CMK‐3 without B‐doping (6.3%). Experimental results and theoretical calculations showed that the B‐doping optimized the PtNiB alloy surface electron structure, simultaneously promoting substrate and intermediate adsorption and the ECH process. In addition, the uniform dispersion of PtNiB nanoparticles embedded within the mesoporous channels of CMK‐3 ensures an enhanced utilization efficiency, leading to improvements in stability and bio‐oil product generation. The lab‐scale ECH experiment of guaiacol also certified the scale‐up potential. This work opens a promising avenue to the rational design of advanced and highly efficient electrocatalysts for biomass upgrading.
Aggregation‐Induced Absorption Enhancement for Deep Near‐Infrared II Photoacoustic Imaging of Brain Gliomas In Vivo
Authors: Liu Yajing , Liu Huanhuan , Yan Huixiang , Liu Yingchao , Zhang Jinsen , Shan Wenjun , Lai Puxiang , Li Honghui , Ren Lei , Li Zijing , Nie Liming 
Published: January 2019

AbstractThe delineation of brain gliomas margins still poses challenges to precise imaging and targeted therapy, mainly due to strong light attenuation of the skull and high background interference. With deep penetration and high sensitivity, photoacoustic (PA) imaging (PAI) in the second near‐infrared (NIR II) window holds great potential for brain gliomas imaging. Herein, mesoionic dye A1094 encapsulated in Arg‐Gly‐Asp‐modified hepatitis B virus core protein (RGD‐HBc) is designed and synthesized for effective NIR II PAI of brain gliomas. An aggregation‐induced absorption enhancement mechanism is discovered in vitro and in vivo. It is also demonstrated that A1094@RGD‐HBc, with an enhanced absorption in the NIR II window, displays ninefold PA signal amplification in vivo, allowing for precise PAI of the brain gliomas at a depth up to 5.9 mm. In addition, with the application of abovementioned agent, high‐resolution PAI and ultrasensitive single photon emission computed tomography images of brain gliomas are acquired with accurate co‐localization. Collectively, the results suggest great promise of A1094@RGD‐HBc for diagnostic imaging and precise delineation of brain gliomas in clinical applications.
Antibacterial Activity of Polymers: Discussions on the Nature of Amphiphilic Balance
Authors: Palermo Edmund F. , Lienkamp Karen , Gillies Elizabeth R. , Ragogna Paul J. 
Published: January 2019

AbstractThe purpose of this Viewpoint is to discuss the molecular design principles that guide development of synthetic antimicrobial polymers, especially those intended to mimic the structure of host defense peptides (HDPs). In particular, we focus on the principle of “amphiphilic balance” as it relates to some recently developed polyphosphoniums with somewhat atypical structure. We find that the fundamental concept of amphiphilic balance is still applicable to these new polymers, but that the method to achieve such balance is somewhat unique. We then briefly outline the future challenges and opportunities in this field.
Fluorescent Calixarene Scaffolds for NO Detection in Protic Media
Authors: Ahuja Brij Bhushan , Vigalok Arkadi 
Published: January 2019

AbstractWe present the first fluorescent water‐soluble conjugated calixarene scaffolds that are capable of NO gas detection. Two different scaffolds, one based on a 5,5′‐bicalixarene structure and its isomer bearing two distantly conjugated calixarene moieties, were synthesized. While the fluorescence of both isomers is quenched upon either passing of NO gas or generating it in situ from diethylamine NONOate, the bicalixarene‐based scaffold showed a significantly stronger response. We also present an example of a dye encapsulation strategy to achieve the detection of NO at longer wavelengths than in the parent calixarene host. Finally, a conjugated polymer bearing a 5,5′‐bicalixarene scaffold has also been prepared and demonstrated enhanced sensitivity compared to the monomer due to the molecular wire effect.
Synthesis of a starch–acrylic acid–chitosan copolymer as flocculant for dye removal
Authors: Xun Jinju , Lou Tao , Xing Jinshou , Zhang Weixing , Xu Qing , Peng Jing , Wang Xuejun 
Published: January 2019

ABSTRACTFlocculants prepared with modified natural polymers have recently attracted extensive attention in the field of water treatment. In this work, acrylic acid was successfully grafted onto the backbones of starch and chitosan by free radical polymerization. The synthesis parameters of initiator concentration, reaction temperature, and neutralization degree of acrylic acid were optimized as 0.4 wt %, 50 °C, and 70%, respectively, according to the flocculation performance. The ternary copolymer starch–acrylic acid–chitosan (SAAC) could completely remove Acid Blue 113 from 100 mg/L of simulated wastewater (color removal efficiency 99.7%) at the flocculant dosage of 100 mg/L. The SAAC also had effective flocculation capability in a wide range of flocculant dosages and pH values of wastewater. The ternary copolymer based on two natural polymers has enormous potential as flocculant with its advantages of low price, ecofriendliness, and high performance. © 2019 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Appl. Polym. Sci. 2019, 136, 47437.
Modification of poly(vinylidene fluoride) membranes with aluminum oxide nanowires and graphene oxide nanosheets for oil–water separation
Authors: Guo Fanjin , Zhang Chang , Wang Qiaoying , Hu Weijie , Cao Jing , Yao Jie , Jiang Lingyan , Wu Zhichao 
Published: January 2019

ABSTRACTTo improve the hydrophilic and oleophobic properties of membrane, we adopted aluminum oxide (Al2O3) nanowires and graphene oxide (GO) nanosheets to modify poly(vinylidene fluoride) (PVDF) membranes. The experimental results show that the intercalation of Al2O3 nanowires between GO nanosheets effectively improved the roughness of the GO–Al2O3–PVDF membrane, and the permeability of the membrane with an optimal mass ratio of Al2O3 to GO of 7.5 was 31 times that of the GO–PVDF membrane. Furthermore, the addition of Al2O3 nanowires significantly enhanced both the hydrophilic and oleophobic properties of the GO–Al2O3–PVDF membrane. On the basis of the extended Derjaguin–Landau–Verwey–Overbeek theory, the energy barriers between the oil droplets and GO–PVDF and GO–Al2O3–PVDF membranes were 0.63 and 0.9 KT, respectively; this indicated improvements in the anti‐oil‐fouling ability of the GO–Al2O3–PVDF membranes. We also found that both the GO–PVDF and GO–Al2O3–PVDF membranes had great oil–water separation rates (97.9 and 99.4%, respectively) with an initial oil concentration of 200 mg/L. The findings of this study show that the GO–Al2O3–PVDF membrane is a promising oil–water separation membrane, and further investigation of the cleaning procedure is needed to promote its practical application in oil–water separation. © 2019 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Appl. Polym. Sci. 2019, 136, 47493.
Carboxymethyl sago pulp/chitosan hydrogel as an immobilization medium for activated sludge for p‐nitrophenol biodegradation
Authors: Ng Si Ling , Yong Kevin Jenn Ling , Pushpamalar Janarthanan , Sam Suat Peng 
Published: January 2019

ABSTRACTIn this study, carboxymethyl sago pulp (CMSP) derived from sago waste was successfully crosslinked with ferric ions in the presence of chitosan forming a novel immobilization matrix for p‐nitrophenol (PNP)‐acclimated activated sludge. On the basis of the shortest biodegradation time of PNP, the optimized operational conditions of immobilization were found to be: 7 w/v% CMSP, 9 g L−1 of activated sludge, 0.1 M ferric ion, and 15 min of crosslinking time. Observable inhibited PNP biodegradation was exhibited by the suspended activated sludge at the initial PNP concentration of 400 mg L−1. In contrast, complete mineralization was achieved by the CMSP/chitosan‐immobilized activated sludge (CMSP/Ch‐AS) beads. The results revealed the important role of CMSP/Ch hydrogel in protecting activated sludge from the toxicity of PNP. The CMSP/Ch‐AS beads could be reused consecutively up to three and two cycles, respectively, for the biodegradation of PNP at 200 and 400 mg L−1, with the attainment of more than 99% of PNP removal at each cycle. © 2019 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Appl. Polym. Sci. 2019, 136, 47531.
Diet of the Eurasian otter (Lutra lutra) on the River Gradac, Serbia: Predation in a brown trout‐dominated stream
Authors: Krpo‐Ćetković Jasmina , Subotić Srđan , Skorić Stefan , Ćirović Duško 
Published: January 2019

Abstract

Prey preference and seasonal variation in the diet of the Eurasian otter, Lutra lutra (Linnaeus, 1758), were examined by the analysis of 789 spraint samples collected along a 10‐km section of a small lowland salmonid river in Serbia, with a trout farm situated in its lower part, from June 2009 to March 2012. Of particular interest was any possible impact of the otter on brown trout, which is important to investigate for preventing and managing any potential conflicts with fishers and fish farmers.
Fish were by far the most important otter prey, followed by crayfish. Cottus gobio Linnaeus, 1758 (the European bullhead) was the most common prey species, probably because of the combination of its abundance and easy catchability. Other prey contributed very little to the diet of the otters. Of 11 fish species present in the river, five were found in the otter diet: the European bullhead, Salmo trutta Linnaeus, 1758 (brown trout), Squalius cephalus (Linnaeus, 1758) (chub), Barbus balcanicus Kotlík, Tsigenopoulos, Ráb & Berrebi, 2002 (the Danube barbel), and Phoxinus phoxinus (Linnaeus, 1758) (the Eurasian minnow). The bullhead was the only positively selected species, however. The share of fish prey in the otter diet was stable throughout the year, except for a decrease noticed during the summer.
The results suggest that otters on the River Gradac target smaller, sedentary, and less nutritious prey. Owing to a small percentage of brown trout in otter spraints, we surmise that otters do not represent a major biological or economic threat, either to the native trout population in the river or to the trout from the nearby fish farm.
Although there are no reports of otters causing damage to the trout population in the local fish farm, it is advisable to establish mechanisms for the compensation of fish farmers in case such damage does occur.
The data presented in this paper can be used to contribute to the conservation of the otter in stream habitats, especially because there are no published studies on the dietary requirements of otter in Serbia.
Effects of toxic β‐glucosides on carbohydrate metabolism in cotton bollworm, Helicoverpa armigera (Hübner)
Authors: Yu Caihong , Ai Dong , Lin Ronghua , Cheng Shenhang 
Published: January 2019

AbstractThe purpose of this study was to evaluate the effects of three toxic β‐glucosides, phlorizin, santonin, and amygdalin, on carbohydrate metabolism in the cotton bollworm, Helicoverpa armigera (Hübner), when diets mixed with β‐glucosides were fed to third‐instar larvae. The growth of the larvae was significantly inhibited by exposure to santonin after 96 hr but not obviously affected by phlorizin and amygdalin. The midgut trehalase activities were only 51.7%, 32%, and 42.5% of that of the control after treatment with phlorizin, santonin and amygdalin at 2 mg/ml, respectively. In the hemolymph and fat body, the amount of trehalose decreased in all cases. However, the effects of santonin on the alteration of the glycogen and glucose levels as well as the activities of glycogen phosphorylase, were different than those of the other two β‐glucosides. It appears that the three β‐glucosides have different influences on the carbohydrate metabolism of cotton bollworm.
Tribolium castaneum as a whole‐animal screening system for the detection and characterization of neuroprotective substances
Authors: Brandt Annely , Joop Gerrit , Vilcinskas Andreas 
Published: January 2019

AbstractParkinson's disease (PD) is a movement disorder caused by the progressive loss of dopaminergic neurons. Natural antioxidants and plant extracts with neuroprotective properties offer a promising new therapeutic approach for PD patients, but a suitable large‐scale screening system is required for their discovery and preclinical analysis. Here we used the red flour beetle (Tribolium castaneum ) as a whole‐animal screening system for the detection and characterization of neuroprotective substances. Paraquat was added to the diet of adult beetles to induce PD‐like symptoms, which were quantified using a novel positive geotaxis behavioral assay. These paraquat‐induced behavioral changes were reduced in beetles fed on diets supplemented with
l‐dihydroxyphenylalanine, ascorbic acid, curcumin, hempseed flour, or the Chinese herb gou‐teng. T. castaneum is, therefore, a valuable model for the screening of neuroprotective substances in chemical libraries and plant extracts and could be developed as a model for the preclinical testing of therapeutic candidates for the treatment of neurodegenerative diseases, such as PD.