bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Survival cost to relocation does not reduce population self‐sustainability in an amphibian
Authors: Cayuela Hugo , Gillet Lilly , Laudelout Arnaud , Besnard Aurélien , Bonnaire Eric , Levionnois Pauline , Muths Erin , Dufrêne Marc , Kinet Thierry 
Published: May 2019

AbstractRelocations are increasingly popular among wildlife managers despite often low rates of relocation success in vertebrates. In this context, understanding the influence of extrinsic (e.g., relocation design, habitat characteristics) and intrinsic factors (e.g., age and sex) on demographic parameters, such as survival, that regulate the dynamics of relocated populations is critical to improve relocation protocols and better predict relocation success. We investigated survival in naturally established and relocated populations of yellow‐bellied toads (Bombina variegata), an amphibian that was nearly extinct in Belgium by the late 1980s. We quantified survival at three ontogenetic stages (juvenile, subadult, and adult) in the relocated population, the source population, and a control population. In the relocated population, we quantified survival in captive bred individuals and their locally born descendants. Then, using simulations, we examined how survival cost to relocation affects the self‐sustainability of the relocated population. We showed that survival at juvenile and subadult stages was relatively similar in all populations. In contrast, relocated adult survival was lower than adult survival in the source and control populations. Despite this, offspring of relocated animals (the next generation, regardless of life stage) survived at similar rates to individuals in the source and control populations. Simulations revealed that the relocated population was self‐sustaining under different scenarios and that the fate (e.g., stability or increase) of the simulated populations was highly dependent on the fecundity of relocated adults and their offspring. To summarize, our results indicate that survival in relocated individuals is lower than in non‐relocated individuals but that this cost (i.e., reduced survival) disappears in the second generation. A finer understanding of how relocation affects demographic processes is an important step in improving relocation success of amphibians and other animals.
Dissolved iron elution from mangrove ecosystem associated with polyphenols and a herbivorous snail
Authors: Hinokidani Ko , Nakanishi Yasuhiro 
Published: May 2019

AbstractInterest in the systems supplying dissolved forms of iron to the sea from upland forests and wetlands has increased because iron is abundant on land but has low bioavailability in seawater. This can be a limiting factor for the growth of marine phytoplankton. Organic complex iron, a typical form of iron dissolved in seawater, is supplied to the ocean through rivers from forest and wetland soils. As a related study, we focus on mangrove ecosystems located at the boundary between the land and sea and on polyphenols present in leaves as ligands for the formation of iron complexes. When mangrove leaf litterfalls on the wet forest floor, phenolic compounds leach out from the leaves and might solubilize insoluble iron in the sediments (i.e., iron complexation). However, the reaction mechanism is not simple in the field, and it might be made more complex by tidal currents and intervention by crabs and snails, which consume mangrove leaf litter. In the present study, we focused on a detritivorous snail, Terebralia palustris, as a facilitator of iron solubilization associated with phenolic compounds, and examined how the snail contribute to iron solubilization processes. Our results indicated that the amounts of phenolic compounds in mangrove sediments are strongly related to iron solubilization. Furthermore, the average dissolved iron and phenolic contents in sediments from areas inhabited by the snail were significantly higher than those of sediments where the snail was not present. We additionally report that the solubilization of iron was promoted when snail feces were added to mangrove sediments. In conclusion, we propose that iron solubilization in mangrove sediments is promoted by the interaction between i) iron in the sediment, ii) phenolic compounds derived from mangroves, and iii) the consumption of leaves and the deposition of feces by the snail.
Detecting the genetic basis of local adaptation in loblolly pine (Pinus taedaL.) using whole exome‐wide genotyping and an integrative landscape genomics analysis approach
Authors: Lu Mengmeng , Loopstra Carol A. , Krutovsky Konstantin V. 
Published: May 2019

AbstractIn the Southern United States, the widely distributed loblolly pine contributes greatly to lumber and pulp production, as well as providing many important ecosystem services. Climate change may affect the productivity and range of loblolly pine. Nevertheless, we have insufficient knowledge of the adaptive potential and the genetics underlying the adaptability of loblolly pine. To address this, we tested the association of 2.8 million whole exome‐based single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) with climate and geographic variables, including temperature, precipitation, latitude, longitude, and elevation data. Using an integrative landscape genomics approach by combining multiple environmental association and outlier detection analyses, we identified 611 SNPs associated with 56 climate and geographic variables. Longitude, maximum temperature of the warm months and monthly precipitation associated with most SNPs, indicating their importance and complexity in shaping the genetic variation in loblolly pine. Functions of candidate genes related to terpenoid synthesis, pathogen defense, transcription factors, and abiotic stress response. We provided evidence that environment‐associated SNPs also composed the genetic structure of adaptive phenotypic traits including height, diameter, metabolite levels, and gene transcript abundance. Our study promotes understanding of the genetic basis of local adaptation in loblolly pine and provides promising tools for selecting genotypes adapted to local environments in a changing climate.
Analysis of interference between each port in triple active bridge converter
Authors: Ohno Takanobu , Kakomura Kengo , Hoshi Nobukazu 
Published: May 2019

AbstractThe triple active bridge (TAB) DC/DC converter has attracted attention as a power converter for power distribution systems because it has a wide voltage range and bidirectional power transmission and electrical insulation capabilities. As a controller for the converter, the decoupling controller, which uses a front‐end compensator, has been proposed. However, the controller design is difficult because the parameters of the compensator change in response to the interference that occurs depending on the operating point. This paper proposes an evaluation method of the interference using a current contour map and the trajectory on a phase plane. As a result, it was shown that the interference intensity is decided depending on the direction of the reference value on the contour map.
Comparative proteomics analysis between biofilm and planktonic cells of Mycobacterium tuberculosis
Authors: Wang Chao , Zhang Qiaoli , Wang Yang , Tang Xudong , An Yanan , Li Shulin , Xu Hongyue , Li Yan , Luan Wenjing , Wang Xuefei , Liu Mingyuan , Yu Lu 
Published: May 2019

AbstractTuberculosis is highly persistent and displays phenotypic resistance to high concentrations of antimicrobials. Recent reports exhibited that Mycobacterium tuberculosis biofilm was implicated to its pathogenicity and drug resistance. In this study, there were 47 kinds of differential proteins in the biofilm of M. tuberculosis H37Rv cells compared with the planktonic bacteria, and 37 proteins were nonredundant and identified by proteomics approach, such as 2DE and LC‐MS/MS. Moreover, six kinds of proteins were identified as HspX, which were conservative and highly expressed in biofilm. Note that 47 differential proteins were divided into seven categories, such as cell wall and cell processes, conserved hypotheticals, intermediary metabolism and respiration, and so on by TUBERCULIST. The Gene Ontology classification results showed that the largest protein group involved in metabolism, binding proteins, and catalytic function accounts for 30% and 57% of all identified proteins, respectively. Moreover, the protein interaction network analyzed by STRING showed that the minority proteins such as RpoA, SucC, Cbs, Tuf, DnaK, and GroeL in the interaction network have high network connectivity. These results implied that the proteins involved in metabolic process and catalytic function and the minority proteins mentioned above may play an important role in M. tuberculosis biofilm formation. To our knowledge, this is the first report about differential proteins between biofilm and planktonic M. tuberculosis, which provided the potential antigens for vaccines and target proteins for anti‐mycobacterial drugs.
The zoogeomorphology of case‐building caddisfly: Quantifying sediment use
Authors: Mason Richard J. , Rice Stephen P. , Wood Paul J. , Johnson Matthew F. 
Published: May 2019

AbstractCaddisfly (Trichoptera) larvae are an abundant and widespread aquatic insect group characterized by the construction of silk structures, including nets and cases. Case‐building caddisfly have the potential to modify the sorting and mobility of sand and fine gravel via: (1) case construction, resulting in altered sediment properties; (2) transporting sediment incorporated into cases over the river bed; and (3) changing the structure of river beds via burrowing activity. To investigate these mechanisms, it is necessary to understand the mass, size distribution and spatial variability of sediment use by case‐building caddisfly larvae.We quantified the mineral sediment used by individuals and communities of case‐building caddisfly in 27 samples, from three sites on a gravel‐bed stream. The mass and size distribution of sediment in individual cases varied between taxa (mass = 0.001–0.83 g, D50 = 0.17–4 mm). The mean mass of sediment used by the caddisfly community was 38 g m−2 and varied locally. Sediment use was predominantly coarse sand (D50 = 1 mm). 64% of sediment use was attributable to Agapetus fuscipes (Glossosomatidae).Due to within‐species variability in case mass, the abundance of most taxa, including A. fuscipes, was only weakly associated with the mass of sediment used by this species, at the river scale. Whilst the caddisfly community used a small percentage of the total sediment available (average 2.99% of the 1–1.4 mm size fraction), A. fuscipes used more fine sediment in their cases at sites where it was more available. Despite variability in local habitat, all sites supported diverse case‐building caddisfly communities utilizing mineral sediment. Consequently, geomorphological effects of case‐building caddisfly are potentially widespread. The results provide novel insights into the specific grain sizes and quantities of fine sediment used by caddisfly larvae, which represents an important step towards understanding their zoogeomorphic activities. © 2019 The Authors. Earth Surface Processes and Landforms Published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd.
The effects of Chinese milk vetch returning with nitrogen fertilizer on rice yield and greenhouse gas emissions
Authors: Liu Ying , Tang Haiying , Muhammad Aamer , Huang Guoqin 
Published: May 2019

AbstractFertilizer management and straw returning are effective measures to regulate greenhouse gas emissions and increase crop yields, which have attracted wide attention in agricultural production. To clarify the effect of Chinese milk vetch returning with nitrogen fertilizer on rice yield and greenhouse gas emissions in paddy field, field experiments were conducted during 2017–2018 and four treatments were proposed in this study, including the treatments with Chinese milk vetch returning plus different nitrogen fertilizer application amount, namely RA, RB, RC, and control CK (winter fallow without Chinese milk vetch returning). The results showed that treatments RA, RB, and RC significantly increased the early rice yield by 15.35%, 12.94%, and 15.35%, respectively (P<0.05), and treatment RA had the best effect on the annual yield (P<0.05) compared with control CK. Meanwhile, all the treatments with Chinese milk vetch returning plus nitrogen fertilizer increased the global warming potential, but the difference between RA, RB, and control CK was not significant (P>0.05); the greenhouse gas intensity produced by RA was 11.76% lower than control CK. In summary, treatment RA, followed by RB, had the best effect in increasing rice production and reducing greenhouse gas emissions in paddy fields. © 2019 Society of Chemical Industry and John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Spatial and temporal variations in source, diagenesis, and fate of organic matter in sediments of the Netravati River, India
Authors: Fernandes Dearlyn , Wu Ying , Shirodkar Prabhaker Vasant , Pradhan Umesh Kumar , Zhu Zhuo‐Yi , Zhang Jing , Limbu Samwel Mchele 
Published: May 2019

AbstractOrganic matter (OM) such as organic nitrogen plays a substantial role in the global biogeochemical cycling of bio‐reactive components—amino acids (AA) in aquatic environments. Spatial and temporal variations in source, diagenesis, and fate of organic nitrogen such as AA in sediments of small tropical rivers and the role of oxbow/meandering loops under changing climatic conditions are poorly investigated. This study assessed the spatial and seasonal variations in OM composition, source, and diagenesis of a tropical small mountainous river—Netravati River, India, for 1 year. Water samples were determined for suspended particulate matter, and surface sediments were examined for bulk parameters, surface area (SA), and the L‐ and D‐enantiomers of AA. The L‐ and D‐enantiomers of AA displayed subtle seasonal variations in composition and depicted varying degrees of diagenesis. The concentration of D‐enantiomer of AA was high and showed substantial contributions from bacteria, terrestrial source, and in situ production. The D‐arginine was the most abundant D‐enantiomer of AA in the study area, possibly due to extracellular secretion by bacterial species and adsorption onto sediments, and thus, it was protected from degradation. Degradation index was more negative at the oxbow and meandering loop stations during the dry season suggesting that local geomorphologic settings steer the diagenesis of OM within the river. A negative relationship between gamma‐aminobutyric acid and organic carbon:surface area (OC:SA) ratio and a positive correlation between tyrosine and OC:SA ratio suggested accelerated loss of OM. Furthermore, the concentrations of most bulk parameters were higher in the lower reaches during monsoon and premonsoon seasons. Taken together, changes in seasons have an operational control in distinguishing the composition, source, and diagenesis of spatial OM distribution. Moreover, oxbows and river meandering loops influence the diagenetic processes in small tropical river systems.
The efficacy of a single imaginal exposure‐writing assignment in reducing posttraumatic stress and depressive symptoms: A pilot study
Authors: Vinke Yvonne D. , Truijens Femke , van Polanen Petel Esmee , van Emmerik Arnold A. P. 
Published: May 2019

AbstractObjectiveThis online study examined the effects of a single imaginal exposure‐writing assignment on posttraumatic stress (PTS) and comorbid depressive symptoms.MethodForty‐six participants with PTS were allocated to either a single imaginal exposure‐writing assignment, a nontrauma writing assignment, or to a nonwriting control condition, and were reassessed 2 and 5 weeks after baseline. Of the 49 participants, 36 were female, with an average age of 23. Participation was conducted through Qualtrics. Effects were assessed with the Posttraumatic Diagnostic Scale (PDS) and the Beck Depression Inventory‐II (BDI‐II).ResultsPTS and depressive symptoms decreased over time regardless of the study condition.ConclusionsWe found no support for the efficacy of a single imaginal exposure‐writing assignment in reducing PTS or comorbid depressive symptoms. Suggestions are given for future studies that attempt to identify a minimal dose of imaginal exposure writing for PTS.
The protective effects of grit on suicidal ideation in individuals with trauma and symptoms of posttraumatic stress
Authors: Marie Laura , Taylor Sarah E. , Basu Natasha , Fadoir Nicholas A. , Schuler Kaitlyn , McKelvey Daniel , Smith Phillip N. 
Published: May 2019

AbstractObjectiveIt is important to understand factors that moderate the likelihood of developing suicidal thoughts following traumatic exposure and posttraumatic stress symptoms.MethodIn this cross‐sectional study, a moderated atemporal mediation analysis was conducted in a sample of 709 college students (71% female, M
age = 19.90 years, 67% Caucasian) to test the associations between trauma, posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) symptoms, and suicidal ideation, with grit entered as a moderator of all paths in the equation.ResultsPTSD symptoms mediated the association between trauma and suicidal ideation. Grit moderated the direct pathway from PTSD symptoms to suicidal ideation.ConclusionsGrit and other constructs of resiliency may inform strength‐focused interventions to remediate the impact of trauma and posttraumatic stress symptoms and potentially reduce suicidal thoughts and risk for suicide.
RETRACTED: Upregulated expression of ROCK1 promotes cell proliferation by functioning as a target of miR‐335‐5p in non‐small cell lung cancer
Authors: Tang Haicheng , Du Wenwen , Jiang Yongqian , Li Hongmiao , Bo Hongjian , Song Shu 
Published: May 2019

AbstractLung cancer is regarded as one of the dominant causes in cancer patients among men and women all over the world. Rho‐associated coiled‐coil forming protein kinase l (ROCK1) is characterized as pivotal downstream effectors of the small GTPase RhoA and reported to participate in tumor metastasis. miR‐335‐5p acts as tumor suppressor microRNA and is identified to be downregulated in tumor tissues. miR‐335‐5p/ROCK1 axis has been demonstrated to promote cell proliferation and metastasis in gastric cancer, hepatocellular carcinoma and so on. However, the role it plays in promoting cell proliferation in non‐small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) is poorly understood. Here, we demonstrated that the upregulated expression of ROCK1 was highly correlated with downregulated expression of miR‐335‐5p in NSCLC tissues and cell lines. Mechanistically, Knockdown of ROCK1 inhibited cell proliferation in vitro, accompanied by cell cycle change confirmed by flow analysis. Furthermore, miR‐335‐5p can downregulate the ROCK1 expression by directly binding to the 3′‐untranslated region in posttranscriptional level. In vivo animal model showed similar results. Our findings highlighted the crucial role that miR‐335‐5p acted as a tumor suppressor to modulate cell proliferation and cell cycle progression via downregulating ROCK1 expression. And this miR‐335‐5p/ROCK1 axis contributed to NSCLC pathogenesis and might be promising targets for NSCLC therapy.
LncRNA‐ATB promotes TGF‐β‐induced glioma cells invasion through NF‐κB and P38/MAPK pathway
Authors: Tang Feng , Wang Hongliang , Chen Erfeng , Bian Erbao , Xu Yadi , Ji Xinghu , Yang Zhihao , Hua Xiangyang , Zhang Yile , Zhao Bing 
Published: May 2019

AbstractGlioma constitutes the most aggressive primary intracranial malignancy in adults. We previously showed that long noncoding RNA activated by TGF‐β (lncRNA‐ATB) promoted the glioma cells invasion. However, whether lncRNA‐ATB is involved in TGF‐β‐mediated invasion of glioma cells remains unknown. In this study, quantitative real‐time polymerase chain reaction and western blot analysis were used for detecting the mRNA and protein expression of related genes, respectively. Transwell assay was performed to assess the impact of lncRNA‐ATB on TGF‐β‐induced glioma cells migration and invasion. Immunofluorescence staining was utilized to characterize related protein distribution. Results showed that TGF‐β upregulated lncRNA‐ATB expression in glioma LN‐18 and U251 cells. Overexpression of lncRNA‐ATB activated nuclear factor‐κB (NF‐κB) pathway and promoted P65 translocation into the nucleus, thus facilitated glioma cells invasion stimulated by TGF‐β. Similarly, lncRNA‐ATB markedly enhanced TGF‐β‐mediated invasion of glioma cells through activation P38 mitogen‐activated protein kinase (P38/MAPK) pathway. Moreover, both the NF‐κB selected inhibitor pyrrolidinedithiocarbamate ammonium and P38/MAPK specific inhibitor SB203580 partly reversed lncRNA‐ATB induced glioma cells invasion mediated by TGF‐β. Collectively, this study revealed that lncRNA‐ATB promotes TGF‐β‐induced glioma cell invasion through NF‐κB and P38/MAPK pathway and established a detailed framework for understanding the way how lncRNA‐ATB performs its function in TGF‐β‐mediated glioma invasion.
Physical function and pain intensity in patients with metastatic bone disease
Authors: Janssen Stein J. , Pereira Nuno Rui Paulino , Thio Quirina C.B.S. , Raskin Kevin A. , Bramer Jos A.M. , Lozano‐Calderon Santiago A. , Schwab Joseph H. 
Published: May 2019

AbstractBackgroundPatient reported outcome data in bone metastatic disease are scarce and it would be useful to have normative data and understand what patients are at risk for poor function and more pain.ObjectivesWe aimed to assess what factors are independently associated with physical function and pain intensity in patients with bone metastasis.MethodsWe included data from 211 patients with bone metastasis who completed a survey (2014‐2016) including the PROMIS Physical Function Cancer and PROMIS Pain Intensity questionnaires.ResultsProstate (P < .001) and thyroid carcinoma (P = .007) were associated with better function and having other disabling conditions (P = 0.035) was associated with worse function. Prostate carcinoma (P = .001) and lymphoma (P = .007) were associated with less pain. There was a moderate correlation between pain and function (P < .001). Function was substantially worse as compared to a US reference population of patients with cancer (P < .001), whereas pain was slightly less compared to the US general population average (P < .001).ConclusionsPatients with bone metastasis have a poor physical function. Physical function and pain intensity depend on tumor histology, but also on potentially modifiable factors such as other disabling conditions.Level of EvidenceLevel III, prognostic study.
A nomogram for predicting survival and retroperitoneal lymph node dissection treatment in patients with resected testicular germ cell tumors
Authors: Wu Yougen , Meyers Jeffrey P. , Shi Guowei , Jin Zhi , Xia Ju , Gu Yuting , Qian Qingqing , Hong Yang 
Published: May 2019

AbstractBackground and ObjectivesTo build nomogram incorporating potential prognostic factors for predicting survival outcomes of testicular germ cell tumors (TGCT) patients after resection of the primary tumor.MethodsData of TGCT patients from the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results database (2010‐2016) who underwent resection of the primary tumor were collected. Overall survival (OS) and cancer‐specific survival (CSS) were analyzed by using Cox regression models, nomogram, Kaplan‐Meier method, and log‐rank test.ResultsWe identified 7272 TGCT patients. Age at diagnosis, histology, tumor size, American Joint Committee on Cancer (AJCC) staging system, and number of metastases sites were independent prognostic factors and were integrated into nomograms. The nomograms had higher C‐indexes for both OS and CSS compared with the AJCC 7th staging system (0.881 vs 0.831 and 0.895 vs 0.856, respectively). Moreover, the new stratification of risk groups based on the nomograms showed a more significant distinction between Kaplan‐Meier curves for survival outcomes than the AJCC staging system. Retroperitoneal lymph node dissection was associated with statistically improved survival probability in the nomogram middle‐risk group in resected TGCT patients.ConclusionThe novel nomogram‐based staging system could provide satisfactory risk stratification and survival prediction ability beyond traditional AJCC staging systems.