bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Imagining a Hellenic Republic, 1797–1824: Rigas, Korais, Byron
Authors: Beaton Roderick 
Published: August 2018

The ‘New Constitution’ for a Hellenic Republic, published in Vienna by Rigas Velestinlis in 1797, was modelled closely on the French republican constitution of 1793, and envisaged what is now called a ‘civic nation’ based on inclusiveness and the ‘Rights of Man’. Rigas was arrested by the Austrian authorities, handed over to the Ottomans, and executed the following year. The turn from ‘civic’ to ‘ethnic’ nationalism among Greeks in the years leading up to the successful Revolution of 1821 is marked in the work of the influential classical scholar and national ideologue Adamantios Korais (Koraes, or Coray). Lord Byron, visiting Greek lands between 1809 and 1811, saw evidence for the enthusiasm with which Rigas was remembered and Korais was revered by the Greeks he met, and one of his early published works is a piece of revolutionary doggerel that at the time was attributed to Rigas. Byron's later determination to exchange the ‘words’ of the poet for the ‘things’ achieved by a statesman and man of action can be traced back to these early experiences in Greece – as well as to his ambivalent admiration for the more moderate among the leaders of the Revolution in France.
Spatially Resolved Broadband Synchrotron Emission from the Nonthermal Limbs of SN1006
Authors: Li Jiang-Tao , Ballet Jean , Miceli Marco , Zhou Ping , Vink Jacco , Chen Yang , Acero Fabio , Decourchelle Anne , Bregman Joel N. 
Published: August 2018

Abstract
We present ∼400 ks NuSTAR observations of the northeast (NE) and southwest (SW) nonthermal limbs of the Galactic SNR SN1006. We discovered three sources with X-ray emission detected at ≳50 keV. Two of them are identified as background active galactic nuclei. We extract the NuSTAR spectra from a few regions along the nonthermal limbs and jointly analyze them with the XMM-Newton spectra and the radio data. The broadband radio/X-ray spectra can be well described with a synchrotron emission model from a single population of CR electrons with a power-law energy distribution and an exponential cutoff. The power-law index of the electron particle distribution function (PDF) is ≈1.88–1.95 for both the NE and SW limbs, and we do not find significant evidence for a variation of this index at different energy (curvature). There are significant spatial variations of the synchrotron emission parameters. The highest energy electrons are accelerated in regions with the lowest expansion velocity, which is opposite to what has been found in Tycho’s supernova remnant. In addition to a gradual steepening of synchrotron emission from the center of the nonthermal limbs to larger azimuthal angles, we also find that both the emission spectrum and the PDF are significantly flatter in three regions in the SW limb where the shock encounters a higher density ambient medium. The NE limb also shows significantly higher cutoff energy in the PDF than the SW limb. By comparing with the roughly symmetric TeV emission and largely asymmetric GeV emission from the two nonthermal limbs, we conclude that the asymmetry in the ambient medium and magnetic fields may have largely modified the acceleration and emission of CR leptons.
Two Different Grain Size Distributions within the Protoplanetary Disk around HD 142527 Revealed by ALMA Polarization Observation
Authors: Ohashi Satoshi , Kataoka Akimasa , Nagai Hiroshi , Momose Munetake , Muto Takayuki , Hanawa Tomoyuki , Fukagawa Misato , Tsukagoshi Takashi , Murakawa Kohji , Shibai Hiroshi 
Published: August 2018

Abstract
The origin of polarized emission from protoplanetary disks is uncertain. Three mechanisms have been proposed for this polarized emission: grain alignment with magnetic fields, grain alignment with radiation gradients, and self-scattering of thermal dust emission. Aiming to observationally identify the polarization mechanisms, we present ALMA polarization observations of the 0.87 mm dust continuum emission toward the circumstellar disk around HD 142527 with high spatial resolution. We confirm that the polarization vectors in the northern region are consistent with self-scattering. Furthermore, we show that the polarization vectors in the southern region are consistent with grain alignment by magnetic fields, although self-scattering cannot be ruled out. To understand the differences between the polarization mechanisms, we propose a simple grain size segregation model: small dust grains (≲100 μm) are dominant and aligned with magnetic fields in the southern region, and middle-sized (∼100 μm) grains in the upper layer emit self-scattered polarized emission in the northern region. The grain size near the middle plane in the northern region cannot be measured because the emission at 0.87 mm is optically thick. However, it can be speculated that larger dust grains (≳cm) may accumulate near this plane. These results are consistent with those of a previous analysis of the disk, in which large grain accumulation and optically thick emission from the northern region were found. This model is also consistent with theories where smaller dust grains are aligned with magnetic fields. The magnetic fields are toroidal, at least in the southern region.
Planck 2015 Constraints on the Non-flat ΛCDM Inflation Model
Authors: Ooba Junpei , Ratra Bharat , Sugiyama Naoshi 
Published: August 2018

Abstract
We study Planck 2015 cosmic microwave background (CMB) anisotropy data using the energy density inhomogeneity power spectrum generated by quantum fluctuations during an early epoch of inflation in the non-flat ΛCDM model. Unlike earlier analyses of non-flat models, which assumed an inconsistent power-law power spectrum of energy density inhomogeneities, we find that the Planck 2015 data alone, and also in conjunction with baryon acoustic oscillation measurements, are reasonably well fit by a closed ΛCDM model in which spatial curvature contributes a few percent of the current cosmological energy density budget. In this model, the measured Hubble constant and nonrelativistic matter density parameter are in good agreement with values determined using most other data. Depending on parameter values, the closed ΛCDM model has reduced power, relative to the tilted, spatially flat ΛCDM case, and can partially alleviate the low multipole CMB temperature anisotropy deficit and can help partially reconcile the CMB anisotropy and weak lensing σ
8 constraints, at the expense of somewhat worsening the fit to higher multipole CMB temperature anisotropy data. Our results are interesting but tentative; a more thorough analysis is needed to properly gauge their significance.
Eigenvalue Method for NEI Unit in FLASH Code
Authors: Zhang 張高 Gao-Yuan 原 , Foster Adam , Smith Randall 
Published: August 2018

Abstract
We describe an improved nonequilibrium ionization (NEI) method that we have developed as an optional module for the FLASH magnetohydrodynamic simulation code. The method employs an eigenvalue approach rather than the earlier iterative ordinary differential equation approach to solve the stiff differential equations involved in NEI calculations. The new code also allows the atomic data to be easily updated from the AtomDB database. We compare both the updated atomic data and the methods separately. The new atomic data are shown to make a significant difference in some circumstances, although the general trends remain the same. Additionally, the new method also allows simultaneous calculation of the nonequilibrium radiative cooling, which is not included in the original method. The eigenvalue method improves the calculation efficiency overall with no loss of accuracy. We explore some common ways to present the NEI state with a sample simulation and find that using average ionic charge difference from the equilibrium tends to be the clearest method.
Variation de la durée des pauses silencieuses : impact de la syntaxe, du style de parole et des disfluences
Authors: Grosman Iulia , Simon Anne Catherine , Degand Liesbeth 
Published: August 2018

Dans cette contribution, nous cherchons à rendre compte de la fréquence et de la durée des pauses silencieuses en fonction de leur localisation dans la chaîne parlée, de leur combinaison avec d’autres disfluences et de la situation de parole dans laquelle elles sont produites. À partir de l’analyse de 4 845 pauses silencieuses extraites d’un corpus (durée 3 h 38 min) représentant 14 situations de parole contrastées, nous montrons que la localisation syntaxique des pauses est le facteur qui explique le mieux leur durée et que cette corrélation est renforcée dans les situations de parole préparées ou médiatiques. Nous proposons aussi une réflexion approfondie sur l’opportunité d’utiliser des seuils de durée (inférieurs ou supérieurs) pour exclure certaines pauses de l’analyse et sur les manières de représenter les durées des pauses pour tenir compte du fait qu’elles ne suivent pas une distribution normale.
Le rôle de la pause dans l’acquisition de la première syntaxe en français
Authors: Dodane Christelle , Martel Karine , Nunes De Vasconcelos Angelina 
Published: August 2018

Pour mieux comprendre le rôle de la pause dans l’émergence de la syntaxe dans l’acquisition du français, nous avons analysé les premières combinaisons de deux mots dans une étude longitudinale de deux enfants monolingues français, filmés, entre 15 et 25 mois, en interaction avec leurs parents. Les résultats montrent que le critère de la pause est très important dans la construction de la première syntaxe mais qu’il doit être étudié en association avec d’autres indices prosodiques tels que l’allongement de la dernière syllabe de chaque mot et le contour d’intonation. En l’absence de mots grammaticaux, ce sont ces différents indices qui contribuent à rapprocher et renforcer la cohésion sémantique au sein de l’énoncé. Les données confirment l’existence d’une période de transition consistant à produire des SSWUs (Successive Single-Word Utterances) avant de produire une majorité d’énoncés typiques de deux mots.
Le morphème, une unité de traitement dans l’acquisition de la litéracie
Authors: Casalis Séverine , Colé Pascale 
Published: August 2018

L’article présente une synthèse des travaux menés en langue française évaluant l’impact de la morphologie dans l’acquisition de la litéracie. Les études ont mis en évidence le lien entre la conscience morphologique et le niveau de réussite en lecture, indépendamment de la conscience phonologique. L’analyse des mécanismes de reconnaissance de mots montre non seulement une sensibilité des enfants dès la 2 e ou 3 e année de primaire aux unités morphologiques, mais également des capacités de décomposition automatique des mots écrits. Dans le domaine de l’orthographe, il est également montré que l’information morphologique est prise en compte et contribue au niveau de performance. Enfin, un exemple d’enseignement de la morphologie dès la première année d’apprentissage de la lecture/écriture est présenté.
« Vous êtes descendue d'un piédestal » : une appropriation collective des Mémoires de Simone de Beauvoir par ses lectrices (1958-1964)
Authors: Rouch Marine 
Published: August 2018

À partir des lettres encore inédites reçues par Simone de Beauvoir de la part de ses lectrices entre 1949 et 1963, l’article traite d’abord de la manière dont Beauvoir a été, grâce au Deuxième Sexe puis aux deux premiers volumes autobiographiques, investie comme modèle et représentante des femmes. Bien que La Force des choses et sa clausule, « j’ai été flouée », sont loin d’avoir fait l’unanimité dans la presse, il s’agit ensuite de montrer que ce troisième volume a paradoxalement renforcé et consolidé l’appropriation de l’écrivaine et de son œuvre par les femmes.
Annie Ernaux et Didier Éribon : retour(s) à Beauvoir
Authors: Fort Pierre-Louis 
Published: August 2018

On a souvent rapproché Annie Ernaux et Didier Éribon pour de multiples raisons (leurs trajectoires de transfuges de classe ou la dimension auto-socio-biographique d’une partie de leurs écrits) : cela vaut également pour rôle que Beauvoir a joué dans leur vie. L’un comme l’autre ont en effet affirmé qu’elle les avait transformés. Au-delà de cette communauté d’attitude, Ernaux et Éribon sont-ils attachés aux mêmes œuvres ? Plus précisément : eux qui se rejoignent pour avoir placé certaines de leurs œuvres sous le signe du retour et de l’écriture à la première personne, que retiennent-ils de Beauvoir mémorialiste ?
Mode de vie : de quoi parle-t-on ? Peut-on le transformer ?
Authors: Maresca Bruno 
Published: August 2018

Le mode de vie est une prénotion sociologique fortement mobilisée du fait des mutations technologiques et économiques et des débats sur la transition écologique. Sa transformation est-elle un enjeu collectif ou plutôt une responsabilité individuelle ? On éclaire cette question par une mise à plat de la polysémie des termes « genre de vie », « mode de vie », « style de vie », et l’on remonte leur généalogie pour clarifier ce concept. Le mode de vie est un système structurant et différenciant à l’intérieur duquel les styles de vie sont une dynamique de renouvellement des manières d’être. La transition écologique ne prendra un tournant décisif que si le changement se trouve engagé au cœur de la structure du mode de vie par une révolution de l’architecture du vivre-ensemble.
La construction sexuée du parcours d’insertion professionnelle des diplômés chinois en France
Authors: Li Yong 
Published: August 2018

Depuis la fin des années 1990, l’immigration étudiante chinoise vers la France a augmenté considérablement en même temps qu’elle s’est féminisée. Aujourd’hui, les étudiantes sont majoritaires dans la population étudiante chinoise à l’université française (57 % des effectifs totaux). La présence massive des filles chinoises dans la migration pour études semble s’expliquer par l’égalisation des sexes en marche face aux études supérieures dans la société chinoise contemporaine. Néanmoins, un certain nombre d’indices nous laissent penser que le genre, à côté des autres déterminants sociaux, reste une variable significative pour rendre compte des formations différentielles des biographies des filles et des garçons en mobilité et de leurs expériences subjectives. De plus, la situation d’immigration tend à reproduire, voire à renforcer les identités sexuées des migrants. Notre hypothèse considère que la migration pour études, plus qu’un simple investissement dans le capital humain, représente un enjeu émancipateur particulièrement important pour les filles chinoises de couches moyennes urbaines.
LFA-1 Ligation by High-Density ICAM-1 Is Sufficient To Activate IFN-γ Release by Innate T Lymphocytes
Authors: Sharma Akshat , Lawry Stephanie M. , Klein Bruce S. , Wang Xiaohua , Sherer Nathan M. , Zumwalde Nicholas A. , Gumperz Jenny E. 
Published: August 2018

Abstract
By binding to its ligand ICAM-1, LFA-1 is known to mediate both adhesion and costimulatory signaling for T cell activation. The constitutively high LFA-1 cell surface expression of invariant NKT (iNKT) cells has been shown to be responsible for their distinctive tissue homing and residency within ICAM-rich endothelial vessels. However, the functional impact of LFA-1 on the activation of iNKT cells and other innate T lymphocyte subsets has remained largely unexplored. In particular, it is not clear whether LFA-1 contributes to innate-like pathways of T cell activation, such as IFN-γ secretion in response to IL-12. Using a recombinant ICAM-1-Fc fusion protein to stimulate human iNKT cells in the absence of APCs, we show that LFA-1 engagement enhances their IL-12–driven IFN-γ production. Surprisingly, exposure to high densities of ICAM-1 was also sufficient to activate iNKT cell cytokine secretion independently of IL-12 and associated JAK/STAT signaling. LFA-1 engagement induced elevated cytoplasmic Ca2+ and rapid ERK phosphorylation in iNKT cells, and the resulting IFN-γ secretion was dependent on both of these pathways. Analysis of freshly isolated human PBMC samples revealed that a fraction of lymphocytes that showed elevated LFA-1 cell surface expression produced IFN-γ in response to plate-bound ICAM-1–Fc. A majority of the responding cells were T cells, with the remainder NK cells. The responding T cells included iNKT cells, MAIT cells, and Vδ2+ γδ T cells. These results delineate a novel integrin-mediated pathway of IFN-γ secretion that is a shared feature of innate lymphocytes.
Die opbou van ’n missionale gemeente: ’n Verkenning van die invloed van Godsbegrip en liturgiese ervaring
Authors: Jansen van Rensburg Marthinus J. 
Published: August 2018

The building up of a local missional congregation: The understanding of God and liturgy. The purpose of this article is to investigate the understanding of God by members of the Netherdutch Reformed Church (Nederduitsch Hervormde Kerk van Afrika [NHKA]), their liturgical experience and its influence on the development of a missional congregation. The world is currently in the midst of a wave of changes that have far-reaching implications for the church and, specifically, for the NHKA. In a changing world it is imperative that church members understand the value of the different metaphors of God as well as its value for the development of the missional congregation. From a practical-theological approach, this article aims to look at the influence of the liturgy of life on the development of a missional congregation.
Primary central nervous system Hodgkin Lymphoma: A case discussion and a hypothesis on the etiology
Authors: Alfaseh Ahmad , Rajeh Mhd Nabeel , Hamed Ghiath 
Published: August 2018

AbstractHodgkin Lymphoma (HL) is a systemic disease with involvement of the cervical, supraclavicular, and mediastinal lymph nodes. It is commonly diagnosed in patients within the second and third decades of their lives. Diagnosis is usually made based on the distinct morphological and immunohistochemical characteristics, with the tissue biopsy being the cornerstone of workup. Extranodal presentation of HL is unusual and seldom encountered. Primary HL of the central nervous system (CNS) is exceedingly rare. We herein report a case of a 38yearold male patient who was diagnosed with primary CNSHL. The patient was treated with complete surgical resection followed by radiotherapy and chemotherapy. The patient was diseasefree for 7 years postoperatively without any clinical evidence of relapse. We also discussed a possible role of CNS regulatory Tcells (Tregs) in developmental primary CNSHL.
Patient and Practice Trends in Total Ankle Replacement and Tibiotalar Arthrodesis in the United States From 2007 to 2013
Authors: Vakhshori Venus , Sabour Andrew F. , Alluri Ram K. , Hatch George F. , Tan Eric W. 
Published: August 2018

Introduction:
Both total ankle replacement (TAR) and tibiotalar arthrodesis (TTA) are used in the surgical management of ankle arthritis. Over the past decade, TAR instrumentation, techniques, and implants have improved, making the procedure more reliable and reproducible, thus making TAR more common.

Methods:
The Nationwide Inpatient Sample database from 2007 to 2013 was used to obtain data on patients elder than 50 years who underwent either TAR or TTA. Differences in temporal, demographic, and diagnosis trends between TAR and TTA were analyzed.

Results:
Between 2007 and 2013, 15,060 patients underwent TAR and 35,096 underwent TTA. Patients undergoing TTA had significantly more comorbidities (2.17 versus 1.55; P < 0.001). The share of TAR performed increased significantly from 2007 (14%) to 2013 (45%) (P < 0.001). From 2007 to 2013, we found a 12-fold increase in the odds of having a TAR for patients with posttraumatic osteoarthritis (P < 0.001), a 4.9-fold increase for those with primary osteoarthritis, and a 3.1-fold increase for patients with rheumatoid arthritis (P < 0.001).

Conclusions:
Over the past decade, the frequency of TAR has increased, particularly in patients with posttraumatic arthritis and osteoarthritis. Surgeons still perform TAR in healthier patients compared with TTA; however, because surgeons become more experienced with the technique, patients are undergoing TAR at a markedly higher rate.

Level of Evidence:
Level III: retrospective comparative study
Urophyseal control of plasma ionic concentration in Oreochromis mossambicus (Pisces) exposed to osmotic stress
Authors: Baldisserotto Bernardo , Mimura Olga M. , Salomão Luiz C. 
Published: August 2018

Freshwater-and seawater-adapted Oreochromis mossambicus were submitted to 5 different treatments (urophysectomy, sham operation, urophyseal extract injection, saline injection and control) and transferred to brackish water. In freshwater – adapted fish transfarred to brackish water, urophysectomy increases plasma Na+, K+, Ca+ and osmotic concentrations. In seawater-adapted fish transferred to brackish water, plasma Na+ and K+ concentration were lower in control than other treatment group. The utophysis seems to act only in the “fine tuning” of osmoregulatory processes. Adaptations to changes in the salinity of the medium probably are regulated mainly by prolactin and cortisol.
Developing a Reading Habit: Preparing for and Contributing to a Research Community
Authors: Crespo Sandra , Bieda Kristen , Dubbs Christopher 
Published: August 2018

At the most recent MTE journal presentation during the NCTM Research Conference in Washington, DC, titled “Could I Publish This in MTE? Advice from Published Manuscripts in the MTE Journal” (Crespo, Chao, & Yow, 2018), we asked the audience the following questions:
Who is intending to write a manuscript for the MTE journal?Who is a reviewer for the journal?Who is a reader of the journal?
« Je cours mettre ceci dans la prochaine boîte, par une pluie battante qu’il fait… » : d’une lettre à la poste au mouvement des Écrivains de l’Est (1927-1934)
Authors: Bernier Stéphanie , Hébert Pierre 
Published: August 2018

Entre 1927 et 1934, le mouvement des Écrivains de l’Est fait passer la ville de Sherbrooke et ses environs de « campagne » à pôle d’activité littéraire incontournable, grâce, notamment, au journal La Tribune qui publie d’importants suppléments littéraires en 1930, 1931 et 1932. Mais l’apport du journal, dont l’équipe de rédaction est majoritairement composée d’écrivains, ne suffit pas à expliquer comment ce mouvement régional s’est constitué. Il faut plutôt se tourner du côté de l’épistolaire pour trouver le principal facteur de cohésion du regroupement. À partir de la vaste correspondance d’Alfred DesRochers, animateur et chef de file de ce groupe d’écrivains, nous étudierons le rôle de la correspondance dans l’émergence et l’affirmation du groupe des Écrivains de l’Est dans la perspective de l’« action épistolaire », notion empruntée à Marie-Andrée Beaudet.
Occupational chronic injury: Educational guidelines to use with patients and industry
Authors: McCoy Thomas F. 
Published: August 2018

Abstract
Educational guidelines are offered to help clinicians explain the fundamental characteristics of chronic injury to companies and workers. The temporal profile of development is used to distinguish chronic injuries from accidents, relate them to conditioning, explain symptom expression behaviorally, and suggest new methods of case management and clinic and worksite collaboration. Adopting this model helps physicians study chronic injury patterns across patients and diagnoses. Designing outcomes measures is contingent on insurance companies modifying their claims questions and forms to accommodate chronic injury.