bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Sustainable Red Emissive Carbon Dots Derived From Red Beans for Pb2+ Probe
Authors: Cheng Zhaoyu , Wu Shaogui 
Published: November 2024

AbstractCarbon dots (CDs) have emerged as a promising class of fluorescent nanomaterials. This study reports a green synthesis of red fluorescent CDs (R‐CDs) using an inexpensive and sustainable carbon source – red beans. The R‐CDs exhibits excellent optical properties and outperforms many other reported red‐emitting CDs in terms of high quantum yield (20.4%) and photostability. The R‐CDs show excitation‐independent emission behavior, indicating unique luminescent centers. The R‐CDs display remarkable dispersibility, salt‐resistance and temperature stability. Additionally, the R‐CDs demonstrate high selectivity toward Pb2+ detection with a low detection limit of 0.8 µM, expanding their application as fluorescent probes. This work establishes an effective strategy for synthesizing high‐quality R‐CDs using sustainable carbon sources, providing a new avenue for tailoring CDs with tunable fluorescence properties for broader applications in sensing and imaging.
Chemogenomic Screening in a Patient‐Derived 3D Fatty Liver Disease Model Reveals the CHRM1‐TRPM8 Axis as a Novel Module for Targeted Intervention
Authors: Youhanna Sonia , Kemas Aurino M. , Wright Shane C. , Zhong Yi , Klumpp Britta , Klein Kathrin , Motso Aikaterini , Michel Maurice , Ziegler Nicole , Shang Mingmei , Sabatier Pierre , Kannt Aimo , Sheng Hongda , Oliva‐Vilarnau Nuria , Büttner Florian A. , Seashore‐Ludlow Brinton , Schreiner Jonas , Windbergs Maike , Cornillet Martin , Björkström Niklas K. , Hülsmeier Andreas J. , Hornemann Thorsten , Olsen Jesper V. , Wang Yi , Gramignoli Roberto , Sundström Michael , Lauschke Volker M. 
Published: November 2024

AbstractMetabolic dysfunction‐associated steatohepatitis (MASH) is a leading cause of chronic liver disease with few therapeutic options. To narrow the translational gap in the development of pharmacological MASH treatments, a 3D liver model from primary human hepatocytes and non‐parenchymal cells derived from patients with histologically confirmed MASH was established. The model closely mirrors disease‐relevant endpoints, such as steatosis, inflammation and fibrosis, and multi‐omics analyses show excellent alignment with biopsy data from 306 MASH patients and 77 controls. By combining high‐content imaging with scalable biochemical assays and chemogenomic screening, multiple novel targets with anti‐steatotic, anti‐inflammatory, and anti‐fibrotic effects are identified. Among these, activation of the muscarinic M1 receptor (CHRM1) and inhibition of the TRPM8 cation channel result in strong anti‐fibrotic effects, which are confirmed using orthogonal genetic assays. Strikingly, using biosensors based on bioluminescence resonance energy transfer, a functional interaction along a novel MASH signaling axis in which CHRM1 inhibits TRPM8 via Gq/11 and phospholipase C‐mediated depletion of phosphatidylinositol 4,5‐bisphosphate can be demonstrated. Combined, this study presents the first patient‐derived 3D MASH model, identifies a novel signaling module with anti‐fibrotic effects, and highlights the potential of organotypic culture systems for phenotype‐based chemogenomic drug target identification at scale.
Negative Pressure Smart Patch to Sense and Heal the Wound
Authors: Liu Xing , Zhao Peng , Wu Xiaozhuo , Zhao Yawei , Zhou Feifan , Luo Ying , Jia Xiaoli , Zhong Wen , Xing Malcolm , Lyu Guozhong 
Published: November 2024

AbstractNegative pressure wound therapy (NPWT) offers significant advantages in terms of rate and time for healing through generating sub‐vacuum to draw out inflammatory exudate and promote wound closure. However, continuous drainage probably leads to healing delay due to the lack of information about the real status of the wound bed and the potential risk of infection. To address this concern, printed Negative Pressure Smart Patch (NPSP) is reported by integrating smart real‐time sensing acidity (infection) and glucose, and anti‐infection into NPWT systems. In addition, NPSP delivers vancomycin through chitosan porous microspheres under negative pressure to modulate wound healing. Compared with NPWT, NPSP projects a promising approach to removing bacteria, reducing local inflammation, and accelerating healing in a short period of time.
Accurate Spatial Heterogeneity Dissection and Gene Regulation Interpretation for Spatial Transcriptomics using Dual Graph Contrastive Learning
Authors: Yu Zhuohan , Yang Yuning , Chen Xingjian , Wong Ka‐Chun , Zhang Zhaolei , Zhao Yuming , Li Xiangtao 
Published: November 2024

AbstractRecent advances in spatial transcriptomics have enabled simultaneous preservation of high‐throughput gene expression profiles and the spatial context, enabling high‐resolution exploration of distinct regional characterization in tissue. To effectively understand the underlying biological mechanisms within tissue microenvironments, there is a requisite for methods that can accurately capture external spatial heterogeneity and interpret internal gene regulation from spatial transcriptomics data. However, current methods for region identification often lack the simultaneous characterizing of spatial structure and gene regulation, thereby limiting the ability of spatial dissection and gene interpretation. Here, stDCL is developed, a dual graph contrastive learning method to identify spatial domains and interpret gene regulation in spatial transcriptomics data. stDCL adaptively incorporates gene expression data and spatial information via a graph embedding autoencoder, thereby preserving critical information within the latent embedding representations. In addition, dual graph contrastive learning is proposed to train the model, ensuring that the latent embedding representation closely resembles the actual spatial distribution and exhibits cluster similarity. Benchmarking stDCL against other state‐of‐the‐art clustering methods using complex cortex datasets demonstrates its superior accuracy and effectiveness in identifying spatial domains. Our analysis of the imputation matrices generated by stDCL reveals its capability to reconstruct spatial hierarchical structures and refine differential expression assessment. Furthermore, it is demonstrated that the versatility of stDCL in interpretability of gene regulation, spatial heterogeneity at high resolution, and embryonic developmental patterns. In addition, it is also showed that stDCL can successfully annotate disease‐associated astrocyte subtypes in Alzheimer's disease and unravel multiple relevant pathways and regulatory mechanisms.
Wholesalers and the transformation of Myanmar's maize value chains
Authors: Belton Ben , Cho Ame , Hall Michael , Minten Bart , Reardon Thomas 
Published: November 2024

AbstractWholesalers of agricultural crops have historically received limited attention in the literature on agricultural development, which has a strongly productivist focus. When wholesalers are considered, they are often framed as exploitative, taking advantage of information asymmetries, market failures, and unequal power relations to extract heavy surpluses from farmers. However, there is a growing appreciation that wholesalers may play important roles in facilitating agricultural development and rural transformation. This paper evaluates wholesaler conduct and performance using a survey of 218 maize wholesalers in 12 of the major maize‐growing and trading townships of South Shan State, Myanmar and the cities of Lashio and Muse in North Shan. Hybrid maize emerged very rapidly in Myanmar over the past two decades to become a major cash crop, supplying domestic animal feed mills and becoming one of Myanmar's most important exports to China and Thailand. Wholesalers have been central to the development of this supply chain and the sector. Contrary to recent literature from Myanmar that has cast maize wholesalers as exploitative, the survey finds that the rapidly growing wholesaler segment of the maize value chain is highly competitive, rapidly changing with respect to technology, and functions efficiently. Farmers obtaining maize inputs from wholesalers in the form of tied output credit sell their maize at prevailing market rates. The emergence of clusters of maize wholesalers and allied actors such as third‐party logistics services occurred spontaneously and symbiotically with the expansion of hybrid maize cultivation, and with each set of actors essential to the emergence of the others.
A Sustainable Catalyst‐Free Approach to Bipyrazoles Under Batch and Flow Chemistry Techniques
Authors: Kumari Akanksha , Jain Anshul , Rana Nirmal K. 
Published: November 2024

AbstractWe have developed an efficient and sustainable approach for the synthesis of 4,4′‐bipyrazole derivatives from spirocyclopropanyl‐pyrazolone and hydrazine under mild conditions. This methodology is catalyst‐free, operating effectively in both batch and continuous flow processes. The flow synthesis allows the production of products up to 110 mg/h which provides industrial applicability and scalability. Additionally, 4,4’‐bipyraole has been transformed into a triphenyl‐substituted pyrazole derivative.
Towards a Unified Set of Diagnostic Criteria for Multiple Sclerosis
Authors: Brownlee Wallace J. , Vidal‐Jordana Angela , Shatila Madiha , Strijbis Eva , Schoof Lisa , Killestein Joep , Barkhof Frederik , Bollo Luca , Rovira Alex , Sastre‐Garriga Jaume , Tintore Mar , Rocca Maria A. , Esposito Federica , Azzimonti Matteo , Filippi Massimo , Bodini Benedetta , Lazzarotto Andrea , Stankoff Bruno , Montalban Xavier , Toosy Ahmed T. , Thompson Alan J. , Ciccarelli Olga ,   for the MAGNIMS Study Group
Published: November 2024

ObjectiveThe 2017 McDonald criteria continued the separation of diagnostic criteria for relapsing–remitting multiple sclerosis (RRMS) and primary progressive MS (PPMS) for historical, rather than biological, reasons. We aimed to explore the feasibility of a single, unified set of diagnostic criteria when applied to patients with suspected PPMS.MethodsWe retrospectively identified patients evaluated for suspected PPMS at 5 European centers. The 2017 McDonald PPMS criteria was the gold standard against which the 2017 McDonald RRMS dissemination in space (DIS) and dissemination in time criteria were evaluated. We also investigated modified RRMS DIS criteria, including: (i) optic nerve lesions; (ii) ≥2 spinal cord lesions; and (iii) higher fulfilment of DIS criteria alone (lesions in ≥3 regions) without dissemination in time/positive cerebrospinal fluid, for a diagnosis of PPMS.ResultsA total of 282 patients were diagnosed with PPMS using the 2017 McDonald criteria, and 40 with alternate disorders. The 2017 McDonald RRMS DIS criteria and the modified DIS criteria including the optic nerve or ≥2 spinal cord lesions performed well in PPMS diagnosis when combined with dissemination in time/positive cerebrospinal fluid (sensitivity 92.9–95.4%, specificity 95%, accuracy 93.2–95.3%). A diagnosis of PPMS based on high fulfillment of modified RRMS DIS criteria had high specificity, but low sensitivity. A diagnostic algorithm applicable to patients evaluated for suspected MS is proposed.InterpretationThe 2017 McDonald RRMS criteria and modifications to DIS criteria, currently under consideration, performed well in PPMS diagnosis. Forthcoming revisions to the McDonald criteria should consider a single, unified set of diagnostic criteria for MS. ANN NEUROL 2025;97:571–582
Machine Learning Assisted Prediction of Donor Numbers: Guiding Rational Fabrication of Polymer Electrolytes for Lithium‐Ion Batteries
Authors: Gao Yuqing , Qi Shengguang , Li Mianrui , Ma Tongmei , Song Huiyu , Cui Zhiming , Liang Zhenxing , Du Li 
Published: November 2024

AbstractPolymer electrolytes are of interest in high‐energy‐density batteries. However, how the intrinsic electron‐donating capability of polymer segments involved in coordination affects lithium‐ion dissociation/transmission and rationally guides the design and fabrication of electrolytes is a highly exploratory topic. This study proposes a workable method that integrates machine learning with density functional theory to predict donor numbers (DN) for polymer building units. Using this approach, polymer chains with optimized DN are designed, effectively modulating the solvation structure of lithium‐ion. Molecular dynamics simulations confirm the positive impact of polymer chains on rapid transport of lithium ions. Experimental validation of the proposed zwitterionic polymer electrolyte (ZPE) showcases satisfactory parameters: ion conductivity (0.59 mS cm−1), ion migration numbers (0.82), and activation energy (0.016 eV). Electrochemical analysis on Li|ZPE|Li symmetric batteries demonstrate sustained plating/stripping performance exceeding 3000 hours at a current density of 0.2 mA cm−2. Assembled NCM|ZPE|Li batteries exhibit stable cycling over 1400 cycles at 4.3 V, with a capacity retention ratio of 92.3 %. Moreover, even under ultra‐high voltages of 4.5 V and 4.7 V, NCM|ZPE|Li batteries display stable cycling performances. This approach offers a paradigmatic strategy for polymer molecule design, advancing sustainable battery technologies.
In Situ Generation of Microwire Heterojunctions with Flexible Optical Waveguide and Hydration‐Mediated Photochromism
Authors: Dai Meiqi , Qi Zhenhong , Yan Dongpeng 
Published: November 2024

AbstractFlexible heterojunctions based on molecular systems are in high demand for applications in photonics, electronics, and smart materials, but fabrication challenges have hindered progress. Herein, we present an in situ approach to creating optical heterojunctions using hydration‐mediated flexible molecular crystals. These hydrated multi‐component molecular solids display strong blue emitting optical waveguides with minimal optical loss (0.005 dB/μm) and excellent flexibility (elastic modulus: 3.87 GPa). The water‐mediated process enables the molecular microwires with tunable elastic and plastic deformation, as well as reversible uptake and release of lattice water, facilitating the formation of flexible heterojunctions. Spectral analysis and theoretical modeling reveal that these microwires exhibit both photochromism and color‐tunable dual emission (fluorescence and phosphorescence), expanding their utility in photonic information encoding. Therefore, this work introduces a hydration‐mediated molecular engineering strategy for fabricating crystalline heterojunctions with on‐demand processability and controllable emission sequences, enabling optical signal manipulation at the micro/nanoscale.
Radiation‐Sensitive Layered Hybrid Double Perovskites Driven by a Dual‐Ion‐Woven Supramolecular Framework for X‐Ray Tomography
Authors: Xu Xieming , Lu Hao , Zhang Xiong , Wang Lian , Feng Guiqing , Zheng Luying , Jiang Xiaoming , Wu Shaofan , Wang Shuaihua 
Published: November 2024

AbstractA promising candidate for X‐ray detection is layered hybrid double perovskites (LHDPs) with excellent structural stability, but their sensitivity is generally limited by unsatisfactory interlayer charge transport. Herein, employing one ethylenediamine (EDA) chain as a structural inducer, we successfully obtain unusual Dion‐Jacobson (DJ) phase LHDPs, (EDABr)4AgBiBr8 and (EDABr)4CuBiBr8, featuring a Ruddlesden‐Popper‐like (RP‐like) interlayer. Thanks to the bridging of bromine anions, organic cations are linked via charge‐assisted hydrogen bonds, where two ionic spacers are orderly woven into a supramolecular framework. Consequently, the RP‐like interlayer space is regulated by the dual‐ion‐woven supramolecular framework with embedded charge‐assisted hydrogen bond networks, remarkably enriching interlayer interactions and boosting charge transport. Through theoretical calculations, structural roles of the supramolecular framework are elucidated by extra orbital contribution and large diffusion barrier of Br anions. As proof of concept, the sensitivity of RP‐like devices up to 5250 μC Gyair−1 cm−2 is a record‐high of LHDP‐based X‐ray detectors for now, while a low detection limit (91 nGyair s−1) and outstanding radiation‐resistant capability (50 Gyair) are achieved. Moreover, an oriented membrane device is prepared to demonstrate high‐performance X‐ray tomography. These findings offer a brand‐new interlayer‐modulation strategy for the construction of sensitive and stable scintillation semiconductors.
Attachment, shame and empathy in dyadic family therapy
Authors: Amos Jackie , Jacobs Ruth , Segal Leonie 
Published: November 2024

AbstractThe aim of this reflective piece is to explore the under‐recognised contribution of shame to disorganising attachment–caregiving relationships. The first hypothesis is that ‘shame without solution’ is a part of a core and enduring emotional wound central to relational trauma in infancy and associated attachment disorganisation. The second is that dominance and submission hierarchies, order and control are potent defensive adaptations employed to stabilise ‘shame without solution’. Children exhibiting profoundly disturbed behaviours, stemming from intergenerational cycles of trauma and distress, are disproportionately represented in child protection, intensive family support and child mental health services. Despite being set up to support these children and their families, the most distressed mothers too often disengage, feeling blamed even by compassionate therapists who work hard not to alienate them. If the mothers disengage, the mothers and their children are left without professional support. Arising out of this theoretical work are recommendations that support constructive and effective working relationships with these families, originally articulated in Parallel Parent and Child Therapy (P‐PACT; Chambers et al., 2006). The first recommendation is to provide mothers with the support that we want the mother to give the child. This means meticulously avoiding reinforcing the negative self‐view typical of these mothers. The second recommendation is to prioritise empathy for the mother and the mother–child relationship early in treatment. For many practitioners, this second recommendation will conflict with their natural desire to prioritise empathy for the child, especially when the mother's capacity to do so is compromised. Experience and theory support the adoption of these recommendations to avoid perceived blame of the mother (and all members of the family), a critical shift to establishing engagement.
The erasure of a people: Gaps in Lithuanian Holocaust memory
Authors: Jarmas Audre 
Published: November 2024

AbstractThis paper examines a 1950 essay published by my immigrant father in the Lithuanian‐language press in the U.S. By focusing exclusively on the brutal Soviet occupation during WWII, his piece erases Lithuanian Jews and the Holocaust. Lithuanians' “chosen trauma”, using Vamik Volkan's term, lasted 5 decades and remains the cataclysmic event in their historical accounting. Caught between Stalin and Hitler, however, Lithuania was also a site of the Holocaust by bullets, where many Lithuanians assisted Nazis in murdering over 90% of the country's approximately 200,000 Jews. Afterwards, Lithuanians clung to an idealized Lithuania, characterized by victimhood, washed clean of collaboration in nationwide massacres, and largely erased of the memory of its once‐thriving Jewry. As a psychoanalyst born to postwar Lithuanian immigrants, I discovered this essay while researching the intergenerational impact of that whitewashing. Its dramatic language reflects the mindset of the Lithuanian American community in which I was raised. Without any reference to either Jewish Lithuanians or the Holocaust, the piece creates an alternate reality that conjures a shadow tragedy precisely by what is not said. Whether through deliberate obfuscation or dissociative mechanisms, a collective failure to grapple honestly with culpability may have left Lithuania suspended between an unsustainable illusion of innocent victimhood and an enactment of unconscious guilt. Global threats of authoritarianism and antisemitism underscore a need to grasp how unprocessed shame and guilt can fuel resurgent fears, prejudices and the repetition of atrocity. Granular exploration of the kind of thinking represented in the essay offers an opportunity.
Oxidation of Ni(H2O)6@MoO3 to Ni2O3/MoO3 Composites by Aerial Annealing: Electrocatalytic Hydrogen Evolution
Authors: Premanand Gopika , Jana Debu , Das Samar K. 
Published: November 2024

AbstractMolybdenum trioxide (α‐MoO3) is a promising and inexpensive alternative to platinum group metals (PGMs), for electrocatalytic hydrogen evolution reaction (HER). However, to make it a viable candidate for electrocatalytic systems, we must address the hurdles associated with its inferior electrical conductivity and lack of active sites. Unlike Mo‐based compounds such as MoS₂ and MoSe₂, which possess catalytically active edges, α‐MoO₃ lacks inherent active sites for HER. Previous studies have employed various strategies to activate MoO₃ for HER, yet its activation in near‐neutral conditions remain largely unexplored. In this study, a previously known α‐MoO3 intercalating {Ni(H2O)6}2+, [MoVI2O6(CH3COO){NiII(H2O)6}0.5] ⋅ H2O (Ni(H2O)6@MoO3) is prepared via a simple and scalable room‐temperature aqueous synthesis. In the subsequent aerial thermal annealing process at 300, 400 and 500 °C, Ni(H2O)6@MoO3 acts as a self‐sacrificial template, yielding mixed metal oxide composites of nickel and molybdenum (named as MoO3‐300, MoO3‐400 and MoO3‐500). The HR‐TEM and XPS analyses confirm the formation of the Ni2O3 phase alongside the orthorhombic α‐MoO3. The annealing temperature plays a key role in the crystallinity, phase, morphology, and electrocatalytic performance of the resulting composites. The composite formed at 400 °C (MoO3‐400) shows the best electrocatalytic performance among them, showcasing a fivefold enhancement in the HER current density as compared to that shown by commercially available α‐MoO3 in mildly acidic acetate buffer. The enhanced performance towards HER by MoO3‐400 could be attributed to the nanostructured morphology attained via thermal treatment, which provides greater access to the surface sites and the synergistic interaction between the nickel oxide phases and MoO₃ structure, enabling an intermediate pH HER activity rarely reported for molybdenum oxide materials.
Anwendung der neuen THG‐Richtlinie des DAfStb zur Bewertung praxisrelevanter Deckensysteme in Massivbauweise
Authors: Kuhn Sebastian , Feiri Tânia , Wiens Udo , Ricker Marcus 
Published: November 2024

AbstractDie deutsche Bundesregierung strebt die Erreichung der Treibhausgasneutralität bis 2045 an. Zur Unterstützung dieses Vorhabens hat der Deutsche Ausschuss für Stahlbeton (DAfStb) in einer technischen Richtlinie Reduktionsklassen für die Treibhausgasemissionen von Tragwerken definiert, sogenannte Treibhausgas‐Minderungsklassen (TM). In der Praxis stellt die Reduzierung von Treibhausgasemissionen, ohne die Leistungsfähigkeit des Tragwerks hinsichtlich Tragfähigkeit und Bauphysik zu beeinträchtigen, eine Herausforderung dar. Da in der frühen Entwurfsphase die Möglichkeiten zur Emissionsminderung bei der Erstellung von Tragwerken am größten sind, werden in dieser Untersuchung drei verschiedene Massivdeckensysteme im Hinblick auf ihre Treibhausgasemissionen und die Erfüllung der TM bewertet. Dabei wird neben Spannweiten, Belastungen, Betondruckfestigkeit und Zementzusammensetzung auch der Bemessungsansatz variiert. Die Ergebnisse zeigen, dass die Kombination von modernen Zementen mit optimierten Bemessungsansätzen großes Potenzial für Emissionseinsparungen bietet. Die in der technischen Richtlinie definierten Klassen bis TM‐30 können mit konventionellen Lösungen wie Ortbetondecken eingehalten werden. Soll TM‐40 oder TM‐50 mit nicht vorgespannten Systemen erreicht werden, muss die Bemessung bzw. die Zementwahl optimiert werden. Für größere Spannweiten und höheren TM sind optimierte Deckensysteme, wie z. B. Spannbeton‐Hohlplatten, in Kombination mit modernen Zementen erforderlich.