bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
THE ROLE OF THE CHRISTIAN COUNCIL OF MOZAMBIQUE IN THE COLONIAL WAR (1964-1974) AND IN CIVIL WARS (1977-2014): CHRISTIANS IN COLONIAL WARS
Authors: Da Silva Fernando Caldeira 
Published: May 2019

Founded in 1948, the Christian Council of Mozambique (Conselho CristÃ£o de MoÃ§ambique - CCM) is an institution which contributed to the Colonial War (1964-1974) and to ending the Civil Wars (1977-1992) (2012-2014). the Berkley Center for Religion, Peace and World Affairs informed the CCM ideals on â€˜sustainable developmentâ€™.2Â By the latterâ€™s evangelisation and teaching, leaders such as Eduardo C. Mondlane were produced for the independence of Mozambique.3 After independence the CCM embarked on facilitated dialogue, bringing peace to a nation torn apart by two belligerent parties, REnAMO4 and fReLIMo.5Â In 1984 it created the Commission for Justice, Peace and Reconciliation which attended to the victims of war. This article explores the role of the CCM, its President Bishop Dinis SalomÃ£o Sengulane, and other religious leaders in ending the Civil Wars and implementing peace,6 including within recent history.
FRANCIS AKANU IBIAM (1906-1995): A LEADER WHO HAD A MISSION BEYOND ECCLESIA
Authors: Gathogo Julius Mutugi 
Published: May 2019

Sir Francis Akanu Ibiam KCMG, KBE (1906-1995) was a distinguished medical missionary who was appointed Governor of Eastern Region, nigeria from December 1960 until January 1966 during the nigerian First Republic. From 1919 to 1951 he was known as Francis Ibiam, and from 1951 to 1967 as Sir Francis Ibiam. This article explores his profile; the profile of a man whose contribution as a medical doctor, a missionary doctor, an educationist, a statesman and a churchman is outstanding, hence inspiring to the new crop of leadership in Africa of the 21st Â century. Was he too emotional when conducting his political discourses? Did he make the right choices all along? Does his role in the Biafra War of 1967 with the government of nigeria smack of his main weakness as a public servant? nevertheless, he comes out in this article as one of the early pre-colonial professionals in Africa who had received a quality education during the dark days of African history, who had worked hard to remain relevant in their days; and who are indeed relevant in the 21st century. In Francis Ibiam, the article shows a decisive leader who chose to work for the church rather than the colonial government, thereby making a strong statement that the church can be developed into an alternative forum of progress, a kind of alternative government where the deprived can still find justice, a job and other lifetime comforts. Despite the article being greatly indebted to Agwu Kaluâ€™s book, Dr ibiam: The challenge of his life (1986), it has also derived materials from the internet and other published works. Certainly, it is geared towards celebrating a leader who had a mission beyond ecclesia.
Hubungan kecerdasan naturalis dan motivasi belajar dengan kemampuan berpikir kritis peserta didik pada materi pencemaran lingkungan
Authors: Putri Nabilah Rahma , Miarsyah Mieke , Vivanti Diana 
Published: May 2019

<p>The skills to think critically on environmental pollution material is the skills of the learners to understand a condition that involves the process of reasoning about environmental pollution.<strong> </strong>Student’s critical thinking skills is an interaction between various factors, namely naturalist intelligence and motivation learning. Student who possess critical thinking skills are as good as those naturalist intelligence and those who are motivated to learn. This study aimed to determine the correlation between naturalist intelligence and motivation learning with student’s critical thinking skills in Jakarta on environmental pollution. This research was conducted at 68 Jakarta Senior High School on semester II of 2017/2018 school year. The method that was used is descriptive quantitative through correlational study. The sample used amount if 115 students of class X MIA. The result of prerequisite test finds that the data are normally distributed and homogeneous. The statistical hypothesis was done by linier regression test, liniearity test, and correlation coefficient test at α = 0,05. Based on these results, it is concluded there is a correlation between naturalist intelligence and motivation learning with student’s critical thinking skills on environmental pollution.</p><p> </p>
HUBUNGAN ECOLITERACY DENGAN PERILAKU PRO-LINGKUNGAN PESERTA DIDIK SMP
Authors: Nurfajriani Novita , Azrai Eka Putri , Sigit Diana Vivanti 
Published: May 2019

<p align="center"><strong>Abstrak</strong></p><p>Perilaku pro-lingkungan adalah sebuah tindakan yang dilakukan secara sadar untuk mengurangi dampak negatif yang disebabkan oleh aktivitas manusia pada lingkungan. Perilaku pro-lingkungan peserta didik dapat ditingkatkan salah satunya melalui ecoliteracy. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui hubungan ecoliteracy dengan perilaku pro-lingkungan peserta didik SMP. Penelitian ini dilaksanakan di SMPN 45 Jakarta pada semester genap bulan Mei tahun ajaran 2017-2018. Metode yang digunakan adalah metode deskriptif dengan studi korelasional. Sampel yang digunakan sebanyak 168 peserta didik yang dipilih dengan teknik simple random sampling. Hasil uji prasyarat diketahui bahwa data berdistribusi normal dan homogen. Koefisien korelasi yang diperoleh sebesar 0,171 dan nilai signifikansi sebesar 0,026, artinya terdapat hubungan yang signifikan antara ecoliteracy dengan perilaku pro-lingkungan peserta didik SMP Negeri 45 Jakarta. Koefisien determinasi yang diperoleh sebesar 0,029, artinya ecoliteracy berkontribusi terhadap perilaku pro-lingkungan peserta didik SMP Negeri 45 Jakarta sebesar 2,9%.</p><p><em> </em></p><p><em>Kata kunci: Ecoliteracy, perilaku pro-lingkungan, peserta didik.</em></p><p> </p><p align="center"><strong><em>ABSTRACT</em></strong></p><p><em>Pro-environmental behavior is a conscious act to reduce the negative impact caused by human activity on the environment. Pro-environment behavior in students can be improved through ecoliteracy. This study aims to determine the relationship of ecoliteracy with pro-environment behavior in students of junior high school. This research was conducted at 45 Jakarta junior high school on May 2017-2018. The method used is descriptive method with correlational study. Total of sample are 168 students selected by simple random sampling technique. The result of prerequisite test known that the data are normally distributed and homogeneous. The correlation coefficient is 0.171 and the significance value is 0.026, it means there is a significant correlation between ecoliteracy with pro-environment behavior of students of 45 Jakarta Junior High School. The coefficient of determination is 0.029, it means that ecoliteracy has determine pro-environment behavior of students of 45 Jakarta Junior High School equal to 2.9%.</em></p><p><em> </em></p><p><em>Keywords: Ecoliteracy, pro-environment behavior, student.</em></p>
Komparasi Pembelajaran IPA Terpadu Tipe Connected dan Webbed melalui LSLC terhadap Hasil Belajar Kognitif Siswa di SMP Negeri 11 Semarang
Authors: Fitriani Ayu , Mulyaningrum Eko Retno , Rachmawati Rivanna Cittraning 
Published: May 2019

<p><em>P</em><em>enelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui </em><em>komparasi</em><em> pembelajarn IPA terpadu tipe connected </em><em> dan tipe webbed </em><em>terhadap hasil belajar kognitif siswa</em><em> pada materi sistem pernapasan di SMP Negeri 11 Semarang</em><em>. </em><em>Penelitian ini menggunakan desain quasi eksperimen non-equivalent pretest-posttest control group design. Pengambilan sampel menggunakan purposive sampling dan menghasilkan kelas VIII F sebagai kelas eksperimen 1 (connected) dan VIII G sebagai kelas eksperimen 2 (webbed). Instrumen yang digunakan dalam bentuk tes pilihan ganda, lembar observasi terbuka dan lembar wawancara. Penelitian dilakukan karena banyak guru yang tidak mengetahui tentang pembelajaran IPA terpadu, hasil belajar kognitif siswa masih rendah dan untuk mengukur profesionalisme guru melalui lessnon study for learning community terhadap hasil belajar kognitif siswa. Berdasarkan hasil pengolahan data diperoleh rata-rata skor pretest pada kelas eksperimen 1 adalah 56,12 dan kelas eksperimen 2 skor rata-ratanya adalah 55,07. Sedangkan rata-rata skor posttest pada kelas eksperimen 1 adalah 74,2 dengan kriteria baik dan pada kelas eksperimen 2 adalah 80,1 dengan kriteria sangat baik. Analisis data tes dilakukan dengan teknik statistik uji-t dua pihak untuk menguji perbedaan rata-rata skor hasil belajar kognitif siswa dengan taraf signifikan α=0,05. Diperoleh nilai hasil t<sub>hitung</sub> = 0,4204 dan t<sub>tabel</sub> = 2,0243 yang berarti hipotesis diterima. Nilai rata-rata posttest hasil belajar kognitif kelas eksperimen 2 lebih tinggi dari kelas eksperimen 1 sehingga disimpulkan bahwa ada perbedaan pembalajaran IPA terpadu tipe connected dan webbed melalui LSLC terhadap hasil belajar kognitif siswa pada materi sistem pernapasan di SMP Negeri 11 Semarang dan IPA terpadu. </em>Komparasi hasil belajar kognitif siswa pada materi sistem pernapasan manusia yang memiliki presentase dengan kriteria sangat baik adalah pembelajaran IPA terpadu tipe <em>webbed</em> dan pembelajaran IPA terpadu tipe <em>connected</em> memiliki presentase dengan kriteria baik melalui <em>Lesson Study for Learning Community</em> sehingga pembelajaran IPA terpadu yang efektif untuk digunakan pada materi sistem pernapasan manusia melalui <em>lesson study for learning community</em> di SMP N 11 Semarang adalah tipe <em>webbed</em>.</p>
Studi Variasi Ubi Jalar (Ipomoea Batatas L) Berdasarkan Karakter Morfologi di Kabupaten Ngawi
Authors: Purbasari Karlina , Sumadji Angga Rahabistara 
Published: May 2019

<p class="E-JOURNALAbstractBodyEnglish"><span>Sweet potatoes were potential plants in food diversification for rice substitution</span><span lang="IN">.</span><span> The plants could be found in some areas in Indonesia, such as in Ngawi Regency. The research aimed to find out the variation and morphological distinction in sweet potatoes in Ngawi Regency. The samples were taken randomly in Kedunggalar, Jogorogo, and Bringin Subdistrict. The sweet potatoes were tested with ANAVA and DMRT, Kruskal-Wallis and U-Mann Whitney with significant degree was 5%. There were variation in morphological leaves, storage root, and stems from the eight samples taken. Statistical analysis showed there were vivid distinction in the shape of the leaves, the lobes type, the central lobes, the petiole pigmentation, the colour of stems, the immature leaves colour, the storage roots shape, the dominant skin colour, the dominant flesh colour, and distribution of secondary flesh colour of anthosianine pigment. The variation among sweet potatoes were affected by genetic/ variety distinction and environment factors. </span></p>
PENGARUH ALELOPATI SERESAH DAUN BAMBU (Dendrocalamus asper) PADA PERKECAMBAHAN KEDELAI (Glycine max L. Merril)
Authors: Cahyanti Lutfy Ditya 
Published: May 2019

<p><em>Weeds are an important factor in the decline of soybean production. One of weed control techniques that can be done is to use alelopati as an bioherbicide. One source of allelopathy that can be utilized as bioherbicide is bamboo leaf litter. Problems arise if this alelopati also affect the pattern of germination cultivation plants because one of the main requirements of bioherbisida is not to affect the growth and development of crops. The purpose of this study was to determine whether leaf litter alelopathy would affect the germination of soybeans. The hypothesis this research is that bamboo leaf litter alelopathy will not affect the germination of soybean crops so it will be safe to use as a pre-plant bioherbicide. The treated treatment is without litter solution of bamboo leaf, and dosage of 5%, 10%, and 15% bamboo leaf litter solution. The design used was a complete non factorial randomized design with 5x replication. The conclusion of this research is the treatment of allelopathy given by application of bamboo leaf litter with various doses has no significant effect on the germination, sprout length, and germination time of soybean crop, so that bamboo leaf litter solution is safe to be used as bioherbicide on sustainable agriculture.</em></p>
Implementasi Huruf Pejazm Fi’il Mudhari’ Pada Citra Al-Qur’an Menggunakan Metode Czekanowski
Authors: Nurdin Nurdin , Safwandi Safwandi , Fitriani Ulva 
Published: May 2019

Al Quran adalah Kalamullah, sebagai mu’jizat, yang telah diturunkan kepada penutup para Nabi dan Rasul, membacanya sebagai ibadah, mempelajari dan memahami isi kandungan Al-Quran juga penting karena Al-Quran merupakan sumber asli dalam pembelajaran agama islam menggunkan bahasa Arab. Untuk mempelajari bahasa Al Quran diperlukan pengetahuan tentang pedoman ilmu Nahwu. Pada umumnya, tidak banyak orang yang mempelajari, mudah mengerti maupun untuk menemukan kaidah Nahwu di dalam kitab suci Al Quran. Oleh karena itu, sistem pendeteksi Huruf jazam yang merupakan salah satu kaidah Nahwu sangat berguna untuk membantu pengguna menemukan hukum-hukum kaidah Nahwu di dalam Al Quran.
The Study of the Neuroprotective Effect of the Extract from <i>Chelidonium Majus</i> L. <i>in Vitro</i>
Authors: Zhalsrai A. , Sanzhieva L. Ts. 
Published: May 2019

The protection of neurons from damage and death is an important challenge in the development of treatment of brain ischemia and neurodegenerative diseases. This study aims to investigate protective effect of the extract prepared from Chelidonium majus, which contains total alkaloids. In the present study, we examined antioxidant activity of total alkaloids from Chelidonium majus in vitro. Hydroxyl radical and lipid radicals were detected using spin trapping agents with ESR spectrometer. Chelidonium majus extract exhibited dose-dependent scavenging effects on lipid radicals. Halfmaximal inhibitory concentration (IC50) of the extract was 2.96 mg/ml, whereas for hydroxyl radicals it was 55.13 mg/ ml. These results showed that extract of Chelidonium majus is partly inhibited free radicals. Antioxidant effects of this extract were further demonstrated by protecting enzyme activity of the mitochondrial respiratory electron transport chain (complex I) in isolated brain mitochondrial dysfunction induced by MDA. However, it did not change the decreased level of complex II, and malate dehydrogenase (MDH) in a concentration of 12 and 25 mg/ml. Here, we examined the neuroprotective effect of the extract from Chelidonium majus against oxidative stress in cultured cortical neurons, using MTT. We found that pretreatment with the extract of Chelidonium majus (0.05 and 0.5 mg/ml) significantly inhibited H2O2-induced cell death in cortical neurons.Furthermore, the use of a luciferase reporter (ARE-luc) assay showed that extract from Chelidonium majus activates protective signaling pathway in primary cortical neurons through ARE/Nrf2 pathway.Together, this suggests that total alkaloids from Chelidonium majus may be neuroprotective by increasing anti-oxidant gene expression.
Microsurgical Treatment of Epidermoids. Case Report and Literature Review
Authors: Byvaltsev V. A. , Kalinin A. A. , Belykh E. G. , Antipina S. L. , Badaguev D. I. 
Published: May 2019

The aim of the research: study the features of surgical treatment of epidermoids.Materials and methods. We present a literature review and the clinical case of surgical treatment of a patient with epidermoid. We have searched medical databases: Medline, Russian Science Citation Index, EMedicine, United Medical Knowledge Base. We considered the features of the clinic, diagnosis, and surgical intervention. The article presents a clinical example of successful surgical treatment of a patient with an epidermoid cyst of the posterior cranial fossa. The result of the literature review was the writing of a clinical lecture; the current state of the issue of etiopathogenesis, diagnosis and management of patients with epidermoids was studied.Results. The authors found that total microsurgical removal is the method of choice, and the operative technique should be aimed at preventing postoperative aseptic meningitis. Although it was not possible to establish the cause of the development of aseptic meningitis, the authors assume that the mechanism of its formation lies in the self-breaking of the capsule of the epidermoid cyst, probability of which was confirmed by a number of studies. Further study of this pathology is a promising direction in neurosurgery.Conclusion. Difficulties in the diagnosis and choice of surgical tactics point at the need for detailed preoperative planning of surgical intervention, performing a precise total removal of a lesion with compliance with preventive measures for aseptic meningitis to improve clinical results and reduce the incidence of perioperative complications.
Comparative Evaluation of the Expression of Apoptosis Proteins at the Influence of Metal Containing Polymeric Nanocomposites on the Brain
Authors: Novikov M. A. , Titov E. A. 
Published: May 2019

Background. The creation and the attempt to introduce into medicine new nanostructured materials dictate the need for careful study of their safety for human health and the environment. At the same time, the existing classical approaches to safety assessment do not always objectively reflect the real state of affairs; therefore, there is a need to introduce new approaches, including methods of intracellular safety assessment of nanoparticles and nanomaterials.The aim of this study was to evaluate expression level of apoptosis-regular proteins caspase-3 and bcl-2 in neurons of white outbred rats exposed to nanocomposites consisting of nanoparticles of metals (silver, bismuth and gadolinium) on a natural matrix of arabinogalactan isolated from Siberian larch wood.Materials and methods. Sixty outbred male rats were exposed to nanocomposites for 9 days at a dose of 500 μg of metal per 1 kg of animal body weight. The introduction of substances was carried out orally using atraumatic probe. Study of the activity of proteins of apoptosis modulators caspase-3 and bcl-2 and calculate the percentage of different types of reacted neurons was conducted. Statistics 6.1 was used to process results, p-values less than 0.01 were acknowledged as statistically significant.Results. It was found that the activation of apoptotic process occurs only when the nanocomposite is affected with the addition of silver nanoparticles, which are realized in a significant increase in the percentage of all types of neurons under study.Conclusion. Monitoring proteins – regulators of apoptosis can serve as a marker of early damage to nerve cells, since glial cells can form at the site of dead neurons that do not fulfill the main function of transmission of nerve impulses. The results obtained allow us to substantiate the need for a more thorough and prolonged study of silver nanoparticles encapsulated on the arabinogalactan matrix.
Effect of Oxidative Stress and Fatty Acids Disbalance on the Development of Apoptosis in the Placenta with Cytomegalovirus Infection in the First Trimester
Authors: Ishutina N. A. , Andrievskaya I. A. , Dovzhikova I. V. , Dorofienko N. N. , Gorikov N. N. 
Published: May 2019

Background. Reactivation of cytomegalovirus infection (CMV) during pregnancy is associated with manifestation of oxidative stress, both in the maternal peripheral blood and in the placental tissues. One of the effects of oxidative stress is a disturbance of the metabolism of fatty acids, which leads to the initiation of the apoptotic cascade, the death of trophoblast cells and, as a result, tissue or organ dysfunction, promoting to the development of a pathological condition. However, an analysis of the current literature indicates insufficient information on this problem in the villous chorion of the placenta in CMV infection.Aims. To study the relationship between the oxidative stress development and fatty acid imbalance in apoptosis of trophoblast cells during reactivation of CMV in the first trimester.Material and methods. We examined peripheral blood, urine, a homogenate of the villous chorions from 35 pregnant women with CMV reactivation within 9–11 weeks of pregnancy and from 30 pregnant women without CMV of the same gestation period. We studied levels of IgM and IgG for cytomegalovirus, low-avid IgG antibodies to cytomegalovirus (avidity index), phospholipase A2 content, fatty acid content, number of apoptotic trophoblast cells, fatty acid peroxide content and catalase activity. Sampling and analysis of material from pregnant women was conducted in 2016–2018.Results. The reactivation of CMV in the first trimester of pregnancy led to an increase content in the phospholipase A2 in villous chorion by 2.5 times, by 1.5 times of fatty acid peroxides, 1.5 times arachidonic acid, palmitic acid by 1.3 times, number of trophoblast cells in a state of apoptosis by 4.7 times and decrease catalase activity by 1.44 times.Conclusion. As a result of the study, cytomegalovirus-dependent induction of oxidative stress and imbalance of fatty acids triggering apoptosis of trophoblast cells was identified. Increased apoptosis initiates inflammation and destructive processes in the early placenta.
Rare Forms of Intestinal Obstruction in Children
Authors: Stalmakhovich V. N. , Kaigorodova I. N. , Strashinsky A. S. , Li I. B. , Sapukhin E. V. 
Published: May 2019

The article analyzes two rare cases of acquired intestinal obstruction in children. In the first child at the age of 2 years, who suffered a retrosternal total coloesophagoplasty for extended post-burn chemical esophageal stenosis, early postoperative adhesive intestinal obstruction appeared on the 8th day of the postoperative period, which was eliminated laparoscopically. The next day, against the background of drug stimulation of the intestine, a small intestinal invagination developed, diagnosed with ultrasound examination. Relaparotomy and disinvagination were performed.The second patient, the 15 years old girl, who had suffered from closed abdominal injury and a pancreatic injury, manifested the signs of high partial intestinal obstruction a day after the trauma occurred. Initially, its cause was considered to be hematoma of the omental bursa. Fibrogastroduodenoscopy (FGDS) and X-ray diagnostics did not reveal the cause of intestinal obstruction, but after FGDS procedure the patient’s condition improved within 3–4 days, and then the clinical signs of small bowel obstructive adhesion confirmed by X-ray and laparoscopy. With laparoscopy in the middle section of the small intestine, a hyperinflate “whitish” section about 12 cm long, dense in palpation, was identified, which was the cause of obstruction. Through minilaparotomic umbilical access from the abdominal cavity, a loop of the jejunum with a foreign body inside was exteriorized. With transverse enterotomy trihobezoar 10×4×4 cm was removed from the lumen, which moved from the stomach and led to obstruction of small intestine. The outcome of the treatment was good in both cases.