bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The influence of stem cell source on transplant outcomes for pediatric patients with acute myeloid leukemia
Authors: Keating Amy K. , Langenhorst Jurgen , Wagner John E. , Page Kristin M. , Veys Paul , Wynn Robert F. , Stefanski Heather , Elfeky Reem , Giller Roger , Mitchell Richard , Milano Filippo , O'Brien Tracey A. , Dahlberg Ann , Delaney Colleen , Kurtzberg Joanne , Verneris Michael R. , Boelens Jaap Jan 
Published: April 2019

Abstract
When hematopoietic stem cell transplant (HSCT) is necessary for children with acute myeloid leukemia (AML), there remains debate about the best stem cell source. Post-HSCT relapse is a common cause of mortality, and complications such as chronic graft versus host disease (cGVHD) are debilitating and life-threatening. To compare post-HSCT outcomes of different donor sources, we retrospectively analyzed consecutive transplants performed in several international centers from 2005 to 2015. A total of 317 patients were studied: 19% matched sibling donor (MSD), 23% matched unrelated donor (MUD), 39% umbilical cord blood (UCB), and 19% double UCB (dUCB) recipients. The median age at transplant was 10 years (range, 0.42-21 years), and median follow-up was 4.74 years (range, 4.02-5.39 years). Comparisons were made while controlling for patient, transplant, and disease characteristics. There were no differences in relapse, leukemia-free survival, or nonrelapse mortality. dUCB recipients had inferior survival compared with matched sibling recipients, but all other comparisons showed similar overall survival. Despite the majority of UCB transplants being HLA mismatched, the rates of cGVHD were low, especially compared with the well-matched MUD recipients (hazard ratio, 0.3; 95% confidence interval, 0.14-0.67; P = .02). The composite measure of cGVHD and leukemia-free survival (cGVHD-LFS), which represents both the quality of life and risk for mortality, was significantly better in the UCB compared with the MUD recipients (HR, 0.56; 95% confidence interval, 0.34-1; P = .03). In summary, the use of UCB is an excellent donor choice for pediatric patients with AML when a matched sibling cannot be identified.
Intervention for alcohol use disorders at an HIV care clinic in Harare: a pilot and feasibility study
Authors: Madhombiro Munyaradzi , Dube Bazondlile , Dube Michelle , Zunza Moleen , Chibanda Dixon , Rusakaniko Simbarashe , Seedat Soraya 
Published: April 2019

AbstractBackgroundAlcohol use in HIV infected patients is associated with risky sexual behaviour, poor adherence to Highly Active Antiretroviral Therapy, treatment failure and increased physiologic harm. The objectives of the study were to pilot the outcome assessments to be used in the trial proper, assess the feasibility of delivery of a brief MI/CBT intervention compared to an WHO mhGAP intervention for problematic alcohol use in PLWH in Zimbabwe, and pilot the effectiveness (on alcohol use, functionality and CD4 count) of these interventions at 3 months in a randomised controlled trial design.MethodsAn intervention for HIV infected patients with problematic alcohol use, developed through adaptation of existing evidence based psychological treatments, was assessed for its feasibility at a tertiary HIV care clinic in Zimbabwe. Registered general nurses, using a manualised protocol, delivered the intervention. Forty patients were recruited and randomised to receive either an MI/CBT intervention or the WHO mhGAP Intervention Guide for AUDs (n = 20 patients per group).ResultsOut of 40 participants enrolled, 31 were successfully followed up for 3 months with a loss to follow-up rate of 23%. There was a statistically significant decrease in AUDIT score over time in both groups (p < 0.001), however no statistically significant group difference with a mean difference of 0.80, standard error of 2.07 andp = 0.70. For the CD4 count, the median and interquartile ranges at baseline for MI/CBT and WHO mhGAP IG groups were 218 (274) and 484 (211.50), respectively. At follow-up, median and interquartile ranges for the CD4 count for MI/CBT and WHO mhGAP IG groups were 390 (280) and 567 (378), respectively, indicative of improvement in immunological parameters in both arms.ConclusionThe findings from this pilot study suggests that a brief MI/CBT delivered by Registered General Nurses for problematic alcohol use is feasible in this population but will require the implementation of additional measures to improve retention. However, mechanisms to improve retention need special attention.Trial registrationPan African Clinical Trial Registry, current PACTR201509001211149
Evaluation of polyvinyl alcohol–borax/agarose (PVA–B/AG) blend hydrogels for removal of deteriorated consolidants from ancient Egyptian wall paintings
Authors: Al-Emam Ehab , Motawea Abdel Ghafour , Janssens Koen , Caen Joost 
Published: April 2019

Abstract
This study concerns the assessment of a new polyvinyl alcohol–borax/agarose blend hydrogel (PVA–B/AG) tailored for the conservation of ancient Egyptian wall paintings. The increasing problems of deteriorated consolidants affecting ancient wall paintings have attracted the interest of conservation scientists in the last 20 years. The ability of a new blend for removing aged Paraloid® B-72 layers from painted stone and plaster samples has been evaluated. The hydrogel blend was used to expose the aged Paraloid in a controlled manner to six different cleaning system (CS). CS1–CS4 consist of solvents or solvent mixtures; CS5 and CS6 are nanostructured fluids (NSFs). The evaluation of the removal process was carried out by quantitative and qualitative methods, namely, visual examination, 3D microscopy, contact angle and colorimetric measurements and by Fourier transform infra-red spectrometry in reflectance mode. The results showed that the PVA–B/AG blend hydrogel, loaded with specific cleaning systems, was able to remove deteriorated B-72 and allowed to restore the painted surface to a state close to the original one. The PVA–B/AG blend showed good workability, permitting it to be easily cut, shaped, applied and removed. It could also be verified by means of different investigation methods that the blend left no detectable residues. As a final realistic check of the method, the PVA–B/AG hydrogel loaded with the best functioning cleaning system (CS3) was used to remove an aged consolidant layer from an ancient Egyptian wall painting.
Changes in 6-minute walk test distance and heart rate walking speed index following a cardiovascular prevention and rehabilitation programme
Authors: Grove Tim , Jones Jennifer , Connolly Susan 
Published: April 2019

Background/Aim To employ a more robust evaluation using the heart rate walking speed index to determine if the improvement in the 6-minute walk test distance is related to a true physiological adaptation following a cardiovascular prevention and rehabilitation programme. Methods In total, 39 patients at high risk of cardiovascular disease or with established vascular disease were evaluated. Patients attended supervised circuit training sessions for up to 12 weeks and they were encouraged to take part in a home exercise programme 2–3 times per week. Findings Following a cardiovascular prevention and rehabilitation programme, there was a 40-metre + interquartile range 0–70 metres improvement in the 6-minute walk test distance (95% confidence interval (CI) 18.8–50 P=<0.001) with a subsequent reduction in the heart rate walking speed index (−2.7 + interquartile range −0.59 to 0 95% CI −0.4–0.8 P<0.001). There was a non-significant change in peak heart rate (–0.4 beats per minute 95% CI −1.8–2.6 P=0.69) and rating of perceived exertion (95% CI 0–1 P=0.4) between baseline and end-of-programme assessments. Conclusions Heart rate walking speed index provides transparency on the physiological adaptations following a cardiovascular prevention and rehabilitation programme. Patients increased their 6-minute walk test distance by 40 metres and decreased their heart rate walking speed index by 2.7, which translates into a saving of three heart beats for every 100 metres walked or 45 heart beats for every mile walked.
L’émergence de l’allophonie comme construction d’une politique éducative
Authors: Armagnague Maïtena , Tersigni Simona 
Published: April 2019

Fondé sur une méthodologie qualitative associant monographies et entretiens réalisés dans huit établissements durant trois années scolaires, cet article analyse ce que le qualificatif d’allophone produit comme catégorisation scolaire et mécanisme de filtrage institutionnel, dissociant les élèves migrants entre eux, en référence à une norme implicite de francophonie. Alors que les politiques éducatives prétendent promouvoir l’accessibilité, l’allophonie étiquette les élèves et les hiérarchise sous sa forme « totale » et « tempérée ». Une telle dynamique entérine une forme de sélection scolaire en pratiquant un aggiornamento de la rhétorique selon laquelle certains enfants seraient « sauvables » par l’école, tandis que d’autres ne le seraient pas. La désignation d’« allophone » peut alimenter de multiples formes de minorisation entre élèves ainsi qu’entre les élèves migrants et les adultes en charge d’eux dans les établissements scolaires.
Innowacyjny nauczyciel, czyli kto? Próba definicji pojęcia
Authors: Półtorak Ewa , Gałan Beata 
Published: April 2019

Innovativeness constitutes one of the core elements of modern ducation development. The phenomenon in question can be analysed in the context of the actions taken by each of the participants of the learning/teaching process. The paper is focused mostly on the teacher’s activity. On the basis of an empirical study, the Authors aim at defining the notion of an innovative teacher, and, more specifically, a language teacher.
Detrital zircon trace elements from the Mesozoic Jiyuan Basin, central China and its implication on tectonic transition of the Qinling Orogenic Belt
Authors: Wang Min , Guo Wenfei , Yang Wentao 
Published: April 2019

AbstractThe Qinling Orogen and the Jiyuan Basin constitute a basin-mountain system during the Early Mesozoic. Therefore, sediments from the Jiyuan Basin can be used to deduce the orogenic process of the Qinling Orogen. This paper attempts to use detrital zircon trace elements with ages ranging from the Late Carboniferous to the Middle Triassic that were obtained from the Jiyuan Basin to discuss the tectonic evolution of Qinling Orogen. On the tectonic setting discriminating diagrams, most grains are concentrated in convergent continental margins/orogenic settings,whereas the remaining samples (268 Ma, 265Ma, 264 Ma and 254Ma) are plotted in anorogenic field. Compared to the Early Paleozoic (400-500Ma) zircons, 306Ma and 281Ma grains represent higher Th/ Nb ratios, which might be related to the Mianlve oceanic crust subduction. The lower Th/Nb ratios containing 268 Ma, 265Ma, 264 Ma and 254Ma grains might indicate lithospheric extension subsequently. The final continent-continent collision between South China and North China blocks took place after the Middle Triassic (242Ma).
Herennius Dexippus und die Tradition der Perserkriege im Imperium Romanum
Authors: Rollinger Robert 
Published: April 2019

Zusammenfassung
Der Beitrag setzt sich kritisch mit der Bedeutung des Narratives „Perserkriege“ im Imperium Romanum vom 1. bis 3. Jahrhundert n. Chr. auseinander. Ausgangspunkt der Überlegungen bildet ein erst kürzlich entdecktes Fragment des am Ende des 3. Jahrhunderts n. Chr. schreibenden Herennius Dexippus, das ausführlich diskutiert und in einen größeren historischen Kontext gestellt wird. Dabei wird deutlich, dass die Perserkriege zwar auch im Imperium eine breite literarische Rezeption erfuhren, dass sie jedoch nicht jene Bedeutung in der ‚offiziellen‘ Reichsideolgie hatten, die ihnen von der modernen Forschung gemeinhin zugeschrieben wird. Zwar mögen griechische Intellektuelle, die stark auf Athen fokussiert waren, die Auseinandersetzung mit den Parthern und Sasaniden im Kontext der Perserkriege nach wie vor als eine ständige Konfrontation zwischen Asien und Europa gesehen haben, doch entsprach dies keineswegs einem von ‚offiziellen‘ Stellen verbreiteten Deutungsmuster. Diese griffen zur Legitimation ihrer Politik vielmehr auf andere historische Ereignisse zurück, denen als Bezugspunkt eine wesentlich größere Rolle zukam. Neben dem Alexanderfeldzug scheint dabei der Syrische Krieg gegen Antiochos III., den „König Asiens“, eine besondere Rolle gespielt zu haben.
Machtkalkül und Effizienzstreben. Lloyd George, der Kernbereich der britischen Exekutive und die institutionelle Ausformung eines Mehrebenensystems (1916–1919)
Authors: Wolf Klaus 
Published: April 2019

Zusammenfassung
Der Essay hinterfragt die weitverbreitete Ansicht, Lloyd George habe bei seinem Amtsantritt 1916 ein premierministerielles Regierungssystem im Vereinigten Königreich eingeführt. Ausgehend von R. A. W. Rhodes’ Definition von „Core Executive“ und S. Piattonis Definition von Mehrebenenpolitik werden die Interaktionen zwischen zentralen Akteuren und die organisatorischen Neuerungen auf gesamt-, sub- und suprastaatlicher Ebene untersucht. Hierdurch gelingt eine Präzisierung des Begriffs „executive prime minister“, den P. Dunleavy und G. W. Jones dazu verwenden, eine Fokussierung auf die vollziehende Gewalt und die Vernachlässigung parlamentarischer Aufgaben zu beschreiben. Angesichts des Ersten Weltkriegs und seiner Folgen gab Lloyd George nicht nur der britischen Exekutive einen leistungsstarken Kernbereich, sondern trieb im Rahmen des British Empire, der alliierten Kriegsführung und der Pariser Friedenskonferenz auch die Institutionalisierung der Steuerungs-, Koordinierungs- und Verhandlungssysteme auf supranationaler Ebene voran. Auf substaatlicher Ebene verschärfte sich indes die Destabilisierung der politischen Ordnung, als das von Lloyd George zur Lösung der Irischen Frage initiierte Partizipationsverfahren scheiterte. Bei den institutionellen Reformen und der Verlagerung politischer Kompetenzen verband er das Ziel gesteigerter Effizienz stets mit dem Wunsch, den Einfluss missliebiger Akteure zu reduzieren. Die grundsätzliche Abhängigkeit des Premiers von der Mitwirkung der Core Executive blieb jedoch auf allen Ebenen bestehen.
Evaluation of agricultural soil radiotoxic element pollution around a lignite-burning thermal power plant
Authors: Turhan Şeref 
Published: April 2019

Abstract
Lignite coal is a major and an essential domestic energy source in Turkey. Many environmental problems and human health hazards may arise during lignite coal exploitation, combustion, and waste (fly and bottom ash and slag) disposal. In addition, lignite-burning power plants can be significant contributors to deposition of radiotoxic elements and/or toxic heavy metals on soil and water. The concentrations of thorium (Th) and uranium (U) in a 140 agricultural soil samples collected from the vicinity of a lignite-burning thermal power plant (LBTPP), located in Kangal district of Sivas province in the Central Anatolia region of Turkey, were determined using energy dispersive X-ray fluorescence spectroscopy. The concentrations of Th and U varied from 2.9 to 12.7 μg g−1 with an average value of 5.8 μg g−1 and 0.3–12.3 μg g−1 with an average value of 1.5 μg g−1, respectively. The radiotoxic elements pollution in agricultural soils was evaluated using pollution indices such as geo-accumulation index (I
geo), enrichment factors (E
F

), pollution index (P
I

) and Nemerow integrated pollution index (NIP

I
). The average value of I
geo, E
F

and P
I

estimated for Th and U were found as −1.8, 1.2 and 0.44 and −1.7, 1.7 and 0.58, respectively. The results indicated that the soils around Kangal LBTPP were practically unpolluted to low polluted with Th and U. The NIP

I
values varied from 0.3 to 4.0 with an average value of 0.6. The evaluation result of NIP

I
revealed that 86 % of total soil samples were non-polluted.
Dirac Material Graphene
Authors: Sheka Elena F. 
Published: April 2019

Abstract
The paper presents an overview of graphene electronic structure in light of a general concept of emergent phenomena that result from the quantum phase transition caused by continuous symmetry breaking. In the current case, the spin symmetry breaking is provided by a drastic enhancement of pz odd electron correlation when the shortest distance between them, defined by C=C bond length, exceeds critical value Rcri. The UHF formalism clearly evidences the broken symmetry occurrence and perfectly suits to self-consistent description of the issue. Empirically supported and convincingly certified, the UHF emergents, such as (i) open-shell character of electron spinorbitals; (ii) spin polarization of electron spectrum; (iii) spin contamination; (iv) depriving the spin multiplicity of electronic states; (v) local spin pool at zero total spin density, and so forth greatly extend the view on ground states of graphene and other sp2 nanocarbons and not only give a clear vision of spin peculiarities of graphene chemistry but predicatively point to the occurrence of emergents related to graphene physics, such as ferromagnetism, superconductivity and topological nontriviality. The paper presents numerous experimental evidences supporting a deep interrelationship between emergent chemistry and emergent physics of graphene.
A Brief Review on Importance of Surface Texturing in Materials to Improve the Tribological Performance
Authors: Arumugaprabu V. , Ko Tae Jo , Kumaran Thirumalai , Kurniawan Rendi , Uthayakumar M. 
Published: April 2019

Abstract
Surface texturing in materials is one of the current process that satisfying the industrial needs and providing ample support to the production managers in machining. During machining for producing various products the major task is the reduction of materials waste, assessment of tool wear and its happening. Tool wear affects the production cost severely also incurring the material waste. One of the effective methods to reduce this problem and improving the tool life considerably is the surface texturing process. This can be carried out in work piece material neither the tool also. Surface texturing done on the surface of the tool or the work piece material to give aesthetic look alsomainly enhances the performance in various aspects.Many industrialists and researchers carried out the surface texturing process for various machining applications such as lathe, milling with various surface texturing techniques. This article present a detail review about the need for surface texturing in materials , its importance and its role in tool life enhancement had been discussed and reported.
Application of Iron Oxide Nanoparticles in Contemporary Experimental Physiology and Cell Biology Research
Authors: Nikolovski Dubravka , Jeremic Marta , Paunovic Jovana , Vucevic Danijela , Radosavljevic Tatjana , Radojević-Škodrić Sanja , Rakocevic Rastko , Nesic Dejan , Pantic Igor 
Published: April 2019

Abstract
Recent findings have suggested that iron oxide nanoparticles (IONPs) have some exceptional chemical characteristics which make them useful in both experimental physiology and cell biology research. These nanoparticles might be applied as drug delivery systems for anti-cancer and other medications. Also, IONPs might be a valuable part of many novel bioassays in various fundamental medical fields. In recent years, several studies have indicated that IONPs may have certain cytotoxic and genotoxic potential in living systems. During in vitro conditions, IONPs might induce generation of reactive oxygen species and cause oxidative stress in some cell populations. The toxicity of IONPs is not yet fully understood, and additional research is needed to confirm if IONPs have detrimental effects on human health. This short article focuses on the recent developments and trends in the fields of nanomedicine and nanobiology regarding iron oxide nanomaterials and their application in fundamental medical disciplines such as experimental physiology. We discuss our previously published works on structural effects of IONPs and other metallic nanoparticles on cell nucleus in in vitro conditions. We also describe our recent findings regarding the impact of IONPs on certain biophysical properties of subcellular components.
Synthesis and Applications of Nano Titania Particles: A Review
Authors: Khitab A. , Ahmad S. , Munir M.J. , Kazmi S.M.S. , Arshad T. , Khushnood R.A. 
Published: April 2019

Abstract
This paper reviews the synthesis methods of nano titania particles and their utilization in various applications with concise discussion on the related health concerns. Owing to the efficient photocatalytic properties of nano titania particles along with high stability, super hydrophilicity and low cost, these particles are perfect candidate for the production for coatings on the surfaces of construction materials i.e. tiles, facades, wall etc. The nano titania coatings are capable of decomposing dust, dirt and organic pollutants in the presence of sunlight. These decomposed products may then easily be washed away by rinsing thus providing easy cleaning and keeps the buildings in younger or fresh look for decades.
Emerging Advanced Nanomaterials for Cancer Photothermal Therapy
Authors: Zhang Haohao , Chen Guihuan , Yu Bing , Cong Hailin 
Published: April 2019

Abstract
As a new minimally invasive technique, photothermal therapy has attracted worldwide attention in the treatment of cancer. Photothermal therapy kills cancer cells by converting photon energy into heat energy. At the time of selection, the photothermal agents will be required to be water solubility, cytotoxicity, high photothermal conversion efficiency, metabolic pathway and so on. This report introduces the current research status of various nanoparticles used in photothermal therapy, and looks forward to the future development of photothermal therapy.
A Review on Recent Advances in Transient Liquid Phase (TLP) Bonding for Thermoelectric Power Module
Authors: Jung D. H. , Sharma A. , Mayer M. , Jung J. P. 
Published: April 2019

Abstract
In this study, the authors have reviewed recent advances on the transient liquid phase (TLP) bonding technology for various applications especially power module packaging in view of the recent increasing demand for the production of vehicles, smartphones, semiconductor devices etc. TLP bonding is one of the potential technologies from clean technology that can replace the Pb-base solder technology without causing any serious environmental issues. It is based on the concept of both brazing as well as diffusion bonding. During TLP bonding, the liquid phase is transiently formed at the bonding interface. At this point, the melting point of filler metal increases due to the diffusion of element which degrades the melting point from liquid phase to base metal. Subsequently, the bonding occurs by isothermal solidification at the bonding temperature of liquid phase. Here, after bonding, the melting temperature of the joint layer becomes higher than bonding temperature. This review introduces the various aspects of TLP bonding including its principle, materials, applications, advantages and properties in detail.