bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Fucoxanthin Prevents Lipopolysaccharide-Induced Acute Lung Injury by Inhibiting Ferroptosis via Nrf2/STAT3 and Glutathione Pathways
Authors: Ding Rui , Zhong Sai-Yi , Deng Li-Yan , Luo Lian-Xiang 
Published: November 2024

Fucoxanthin, sourced from marine brown algae, diatoms, and microalgae, is known to possess strong anti-inflammatory activity. To explore its intrinsic mechanism, we investigated its effects on acute lung injury (ALI) with an experiment using lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced RAW264.7 inflammatory cells and an ALI animal model. Fucoxanthin was observed to suppress the inflammatory response in vitro by reducing the levels of inflammatory markers such as PTGS2, iNOS, and TNF-α. Network pharmacology analysis revealed that fucoxanthin could potentially inhibit ferroptosis through 10 targets, including PTGS2. This was further confirmed by the dose-dependent increase in lipid peroxidation and Fe[Formula: see text] levels caused by fucoxanthin, as well as the regulation of ferroptosis-associated proteins ACSL4, SLC7A11, GPX4, and FTH1. Furthermore, fucoxanthin was found to significantly reduce the inflammatory response and ferroptosis in a mouse model of LPS-induced ALI. Further research revealed that fucoxanthin could raise the levels of [Formula: see text]-Glu-Cys and carbamyl glycine, which are intermediate metabolites of glutathione synthesis, in RAW264.7 cells. This implies that fucoxanthin can inhibit ferroptosis by regulating the [Formula: see text]-glutamyl cycle. Our research demonstrated that fucoxanthin is capable of activating phosphorylated STAT3 and raising the expression of Nrf2 and HO-1, implying that fucoxanthin may be able to prevent LPS-induced ferroptosis in ALI through the Nrf2/STAT3 pathway.
A Systematic Review of Interventions—Does Invisalign Move Teeth as Effectively as Orthodontic Fixed Appliances?
Authors: Alam Mohammad Khursheed , Awawdeh Mohammed , Alhazmi Nora , Alamoud Khalid A. , Iyer Kiran , Abutayyem Huda , Alswairki Haytham Jamil , Hajeer Mohammad Younis 
Published: November 2024

Background: Despite the large number of studies that have been done in this area, there is still a gap in the literature when it comes to comparing the orthodontic tooth movement (OTM) efficacy of Invisalign and fixed orthodontic appliances. The primary objectives of this study were to evaluate and compare the efficacy of Invisalign and fixed orthodontic appliances in terms of the amount and rate of OTM. Specifically, the study aimed to determine if there was a statistically significant difference between these two treatment modalities in achieving OTM and to assess whether treatment duration differs significantly between Invisalign and traditional fixed appliances. This investigation seeks to address the existing gaps in the literature by providing a clear comparison based on recent empirical evidence, thereby contributing to more informed treatment decisions in orthodontic practices.Methodology: Relevant MeSH keywords and Boolean operators were selected by a team of reviewers to search several online databases for papers that were in accordance with the objectives of our review.Results: At the end of the search protocol, 10 studies were deemed to be eligible for inclusion in the review. The pooled analysis revealed a statistically significant reduction in treatment time for patients using Invisalign compared to those with fixed appliances, with a total OR of 0.61 [95% CI 0.43, 0.85]. No significant heterogeneity was detected (I2 = 0%), and the test for overall effect was significant (Z = 2.86, p = 0.004). Furthermore, a nonsignificant trend favoring Invisalign was shown, with an odds ratio of 1.43 and a confidence interval that included 1 (0.97, 2.10). The p value was 0.07, and there was negligible heterogeneity among studies, as indicated by an I2 of 0%.Conclusion: Based on the findings from the selected studies, it can be concluded that Invisalign and fixed orthodontic appliances have similar overall efficacy in eliciting OTM. However, Invisalign treatment requires significantly less time to complete than fixed orthodontic appliances. Despite these observations, further studies are required to explore the long‐term stability of OTM achieved with Invisalign and fixed orthodontic appliances.Registration and Protocol: Registration was done in accordance with the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta‐Analyses (PRISMA) standards (CRD42023405593). The research protocol was created to meet the goals and was properly filed with PROSPERO; however, it has not been prospectively registered.
Figure 6 from PINK1-Mediated Mitochondrial Activity Confers Olaparib Resistance in Prostate Cancer Cells
Authors: Schaaf Zachary A. , Ning Shu , Leslie Amy R. , Sharifi Masuda , Gao Richard Y. , Maine James P. , Lou Wei , Lombard Alan P. , Liu Chengfei , Yu Ai-Ming , Mitsiades Nicholas , Gao Allen C. 
Published: November 2024

<p>Inhibiting PINK1 expression decreases relative active mitochondria and lowers ETCC1 activity. <b>A,</b> Left, 2B-OlapR cells treated with siPINK1 show lower relative positive MitoTracker staining. 10× images shown, with 20× crops within. Right, MitoTracker to DAPI TCF ratio is reduced in the siPINK1 group. <b>B,</b> Left, Decreased PINK1 expression results in lower ETCC1 activity. Right, siPINK1-dosed 2B-OlapR cells report decreased the ETCC1 activity rate. <math><mo>*</mo><mo>*</mo><mo>,</mo><mo> </mo><mi>P</mi><mo>≤</mo><mn>0</mn><mo>.</mo><mn>01</mn><mo>;</mo><mo> </mo><mo>*</mo><mo>*</mo><mo>*</mo><mo>*</mo><mo>,</mo><mo> </mo><mi>P</mi><mo>≤</mo><mn>0</mn><mo>.</mo><mn>0001</mn></math>.</p>
Figure 4 from PINK1-Mediated Mitochondrial Activity Confers Olaparib Resistance in Prostate Cancer Cells
Authors: Schaaf Zachary A. , Ning Shu , Leslie Amy R. , Sharifi Masuda , Gao Richard Y. , Maine James P. , Lou Wei , Lombard Alan P. , Liu Chengfei , Yu Ai-Ming , Mitsiades Nicholas , Gao Allen C. 
Published: November 2024

<p>PINK1 expression is increased in 2B-OlapR cells and associated with negative patient prognosis. Treating 2B-OlapR cells with siPINK1 ASOs decreases PINK1 expression and protein level, as well as cell growth, and improves olaparib efficacy. <b>A,</b> Transcriptomic data reveal increased expression of PINK1 in the 2b-OlapR subline. <b>B,</b> qRT-PCR verification of increased <i>PINK1</i> gene expression in 2b-OlapR cells. <b>C,</b> Western immunoblot analysis showing increased cellular PINK1 protein in 2b-OlapR cells. <b>D,</b> Deceased patients with prostate cancer have higher amounts of tumor PINK1 expression (Abida 2019). <b>E,</b> High-PINK1–expressing striated patients with prostate cancer show lower survival over time (GSE21032). <b>F,</b> 2B-OlapR cells treated with siPINK1 show lower mRNA expression through qRT-PCR (left) and decrease in cellular protein (right). <b>G,</b> siPINK1 treatment decreases growth of 2B-OlapR cells and increases relative olaparib efficacy at 5 μmol/L. <math><mo>*</mo><mo>,</mo><mo> </mo><mi>P</mi><mo>≤</mo><mn>0</mn><mo>.</mo><mn>05</mn><mo>;</mo><mo> </mo><mo>*</mo><mo>*</mo><mo>,</mo><mo> </mo><mi>P</mi><mo>≤</mo><mn>0</mn><mo>.</mo><mn>01</mn><mo>;</mo><mo> </mo><mo>*</mo><mo>*</mo><mo>*</mo><mo>,</mo><mo> </mo><mi>P</mi><mo>≤</mo><mn>0</mn><mo>.</mo><mn>001</mn><mo>;</mo><mo> </mo><mo>*</mo><mo>*</mo><mo>*</mo><mo>*</mo><mo>,</mo><mo> </mo><mi>P</mi><mo>≤</mo><mn>0</mn><mo>.</mo><mn>0001</mn></math>.</p>
Figure 2 from PINK1-Mediated Mitochondrial Activity Confers Olaparib Resistance in Prostate Cancer Cells
Authors: Schaaf Zachary A. , Ning Shu , Leslie Amy R. , Sharifi Masuda , Gao Richard Y. , Maine James P. , Lou Wei , Lombard Alan P. , Liu Chengfei , Yu Ai-Ming , Mitsiades Nicholas , Gao Allen C. 
Published: November 2024

<p>Seahorse Mito Stress Test assay results comparing C4-2B and 2B-OlapR cells at basal state and with mitochondrial inhibitor supplementation to deduce relative function. <b>A</b> and <b>B,</b> Mito Stress Test summary graphic representing differential OCR and extracellular acidification rate between naïve and resistant cell lines under normal conditions and with the addition of mitochondrial inhibitors. <b>C,</b> Cellular OCR at basal state is increased in the olaparib-resistant cell line. <b>D,</b> Amount of oxygen consumption utilized for ATP production, derived through OCR difference before and after oligomycin (ETC complex V inhibitor) is added. 2B-OlapR displays increased oxygen consumption related to ATP production. <b>E,</b> Change in the OCR between basal readings and maximal readings after FCCP (mitochondrial membrane uncoupler) is added. 2B-OlapR cells exhibit greater ability to increase respiration under mitochondrial insult. <b>F,</b> Difference in cellular OCR reading after rotenone and antimycin A (complex I and III inhibitors) are added, eliminating all ETC-based oxygen consumption. 2B-OlapR cells show amplified maximal respiration compared with parental C4-2B. <b>G,</b> Difference between readings after oligomycin addition and the readings after antimycin A/rotenone addition, inferring oxygen consumption not ultimately utilized for ATP production. The rate in 2B-OlapR cells is almost twice that in C4-2B. ECAR, extracellular acidification rate. <math><mo>*</mo><mo>*</mo><mo>,</mo><mo> </mo><mi>P</mi><mo>≤</mo><mn>0</mn><mo>.</mo><mn>01</mn><mo>;</mo><mo> </mo><mo>*</mo><mo>*</mo><mo>*</mo><mo>,</mo><mo> </mo><mi>P</mi><mo>≤</mo><mn>0</mn><mo>.</mo><mn>001</mn><mo>;</mo><mo> </mo><mo>*</mo><mo>*</mo><mo>*</mo><mo>*</mo><mo>,</mo><mo> </mo><mi>P</mi><mo>≤</mo><mn>0</mn><mo>.</mo><mn>0001</mn></math>.</p>
Migrants & Minorities into Citizens: Education & Membership Regimes Since the Early Modern Period
Authors: Lucassen Leo 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
Schools are one of the institutions that determine the possibilities to participate in society. Therefore, access to education is crucial to the settlement process of immigrants, minorities, and their offspring. Newcomers who join a community have always faced different membership regimes, long before the emergence of the nation-state in the nineteenth century. Such regimes determine whether, to what extent, and under what conditions children of migrants and minorities have access to schools. They also determine whether schools are segregated along religious, racial, or socioeconomic lines. These conditions are not limited to international migrants, but may also apply to internal migrants, such as low-income Chinese people who have moved from the countryside to large cities since the early 1980s and have limited access to (more expensive) urban schools. In this essay, I compare different parts of the world over the past five centuries to understand how polities allow or restrict access to education, and to what extent schools function as gateways to full participation in societies for children of migrants and minorities.
From Girls' Education to Gender-Transformative Education: Lessons from Different Nations
Authors: Murphy-Graham Erin 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
The examination of gender inequality in education around the globe reveals a multifaceted issue deeply intertwined with persistent challenges within education systems and society at large. Over the past three decades, girls' education has often been portrayed as a panacea, touted as the solution to a wide array of societal problems, including issues as diverse as high fertility rates and global warming. This essay explores gender disparities in education, employing case studies from Latin America to elucidate the intricate dynamics of this global phenomenon and to illustrate the potential of gender-transformative approaches. Drawing upon two decades of empirical research and theoretical insights from the capability approach, I discuss the linkages between gender, education, and social transformation.
Agricultural by-products as functional substrates modulate the growth, the cytoprotective mechanisms and the antioxidant potential of Tenebrio molitor (Coleoptera: Tenebrionidae)
Authors: Chatzimpalasis Dimitrios , Paia Christos , Panteli Nikolas , Padovani Marianthi , Feidantsis Konstantinos , Krigas Nikos , Andreadis Stefanos S. , Antonopoulou Efthimia 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
The emergence of insects as a nutrient source in the human diet and animal feed propels the urgent development of a viable mass production sector. The objective of the present study was to evaluate the suitability of rice and corn by-products as substrates for mealworm rearing namely Tenebrio molitor L. (Coleoptera: Tenebrionidae) in terms of growth, stress response, and antioxidant defence. In this context, mealworm larvae were reared on wheat bran (WB) as the control substrate, rice bran (RB) and corncob (CC), both enriched with post-distillation residues of Mediterranean medicinal-aromatic plants (MMAPs; 0, 10 or 20% w/w). Cell signaling components including Heat shock proteins (Hsps), Mitogen-activated protein kinases (MAPKs), and apoptotic proteins (Bax and Bcl-2) were assessed through immunoblot analysis, while the spectrophotometric technique was employed to determine the activities of the antioxidant enzymes (superoxide dismutase, catalase, and glutathione reductase). Regardless of the MMAPs supplementation level, a weight reduction was apparent in larvae reared on RB substrate, while 20% MMAPs supplementation in WB substrate seemed to trigger an apoptosis-associated weight loss as demonstrated by the elevated Bax/Bcl-2 ratio. In contrast, corncob was regarded as a nutritionally adequate substrate considering that the efficient larvae growth was accompanied by suppression of Hsps expression and MAPKs activation. The elevated antioxidant activity in T. molitor of the 10% MMAPs-enriched RB and CC substrates may underline the attention that must be given in the utilization of MMAPs in insects’ production processes due to the potential insecticidal and repellent effects. Collectively, the effective valorization of agricultural-by-products and MMAPs supplementation in T. molitor feed varies depending on the source of the substrate and the potential interactions among the bioactive compounds.
Remote Justice and Civil Proceedings
Authors: Mancuso Carolina 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
The paper explores the evolving implications of the principle of orality in civil proceedings in the context of remote justice. It begins with a historical overview to contextualize the contemporary implications of digital justice in the information era. Then it focuses on the impact of digital orality on the principle of a fair trial, as interpreted by the ECtHR. It examines the right to be heard under Article 6(1) echr and Article 47 cfr and scrutinizes whether videoconferencing aligns with these provisions. The paper also compares orality in physical versus virtual hearings, discussing the need to rethink the traditional principles of immediacy, publicity, and concentration. It concludes by assessing the potential of eli/unidroit model rules to harmonize the reinterpretation of the principle of orality across jurisdictions, providing preliminary conclusions on this harmonization effort.
Trends in Cutaneous Melanoma in Nova Scotia With a Focus on 2007 to 2019
Authors: Dorey Rachel A. , Walsh Gordon , Dewar Ron , Hull Peter R. 
Published: November 2024

Background: Melanoma represents a significant public health challenge in Canada, contributing to the deaths of over 1000 individuals each year. Prince Edward Island and Nova Scotia were previously noted to have the highest incidence rates of melanoma in Canada. Methods: Data from patients diagnosed with or dying from melanoma was extracted from the Nova Scotia Cancer Registry. TNM stage was available for cases diagnosed 2007 to 2017. Incidence (1992-2019) and mortality (1992-2021) rates were examined using Join Point Trend Analysis Software. Results: Between 2007 and 2019, 2450 cases of in situ and 4063 cases of invasive melanoma were documented, of which 52.8% were male. The largest number of cases was from the 60- to 79-year age group. The most common site in females was upper limbs (in situ) and lower limbs (invasive), and for males, face, and neck (in situ), and trunk (invasive). The majority of invasive cases (71.5%) were diagnosed at stage I. Invasive melanoma incidence has been increasing by 2.7% per year since 1992, while in situ disease has increased at a greater rate (4.9% per year). The current estimate of 92% for 5 years of net survival has not changed appreciably over the same period. Survival for late-stage melanoma has shown a modest improvement for patients diagnosed over the period. Conclusion: With increasing rates of melanoma in Nova Scotia, there is a need for informed education, directed at the public and physicians, around pigmented skin lesions. This would allow the patient to detect atypical melanocytic lesions at an early stage. Sun safety practices in Nova Scotia should continue to be encouraged.
Disentangling mechanisms by which microplastic films affect plant-soil systems: physical effects of particles can override toxic effects of additives
Authors: Lozano Y. M. , Perlenfein C. , Bernal M. G. , Rillig M. C. 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
Background
Microplastics, polymer-based particles < 5 mm, affect plant–soil systems positively or negatively, suggesting there are different modes of action. Microplastics, as particles, have physical effects but the leaching of additives likely contributes chemical mechanisms, both of which may be dependent on microplastic size. To disentangle such mechanisms, we established a controlled experiment involving polypropylene and polyethylene films of small, medium and large size, and we evaluated the individual and combined effect of plastic particles and additives (leachates from plastic particles) on soil properties and plant performance of the phytometer Daucus carota and on bare soils.

Results
We find that additives better explained variation in soil properties (e.g., 44.6% vs 1.3%). Soil respiration and aggregation were negatively affected for additives, likely due to the presence of toxic substances. Overall, such effects increased as plastic size decreased. By contrast, plastic particles better explained plant biomass responses. The positive effect of particles on aeration which may promote root penetration and nutrient uptake, and microplastics itself as a source of carbon potentially promoting soil microbial activity, help explain the positive effect of particles on plant biomass. Plants mitigated the negative effects of additives on bare soils while enhancing the positive effects of particles. This improvement was likely linked to an increase in root activity and rhizodeposition, as plastic particles improved soil aeration. The combined effect of additives and particles, which mimics the microplastic found in the soil, mitigated their individual negative effects on plant–soil systems. As the negative effect of additives could have been masked by the positive effects of particles, simply reporting net positive effects would capture only part of the response.

Conclusions
Additives and plastic particles differently affect soil properties and plant biomass. Additives primarily negatively affect soil properties due to toxic substances, while plastic particles enhance plant biomass likely by improving soil aeration. When examining microplastics effects on terrestrial systems (i.e., the combined effect of additives and particles), the negative effect of additives may be masked by the positive effects of plastic particles. Reporting only net positive effects risks overlooking these underlying negative effects. Plants can mitigate the negative impacts of additives and amplify the positive effects of plastic particles. Our study emphasizes the importance of investigating both the individual and combined effects of additives and particles to fully understand and address the impacts of microplastics on terrestrial ecosystems.
Optimizing identification of Lyme disease diagnoses in commercial insurance claims data, United States, 2016–2019
Authors: Nawrocki Courtney C. , Earley Austin R. , Hook Sarah A. , Hinckley Alison F. , Kugeler Kiersten J. 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
Background
Commercial insurance claims data are a stable and consistent source of information on Lyme disease diagnoses in the United States and can contribute to our understanding of overall disease burden and the tracking of epidemiological trends. Algorithms consisting of diagnosis codes and antimicrobial treatment information have been used to identify Lyme disease diagnoses in claims data, but there might be opportunity to improve their accuracy.

Methods
We developed three modified versions of our existing claims-based Lyme disease algorithm; each reflected refined criteria regarding antimicrobials prescribed and/or maximum days between diagnosis code and qualifying prescription claim. We applied each to a large national commercial claims database to identify Lyme disease diagnoses during 2016–2019. We then compared characteristics of Lyme disease diagnoses identified by each of the modified algorithms to those identified by our original algorithm to assess differences from expected trends in demographics, seasonality, and geography.

Results
Observed differences in characteristics of patients with diagnoses identified by the three modified algorithms and our original algorithm were minimal, and differences in age and sex, in particular, were small enough that they could have been due to chance. However, one modified algorithm resulted in proportionally more diagnoses in men, during peak summer months, and in high-incidence jurisdictions, more closely reflecting epidemiological trends documented through public health surveillance. This algorithm limited treatment to only first-line recommended antimicrobials and shortened the timeframe between a Lyme disease diagnosis code and qualifying prescription claim.

Conclusions
As compared to our original algorithm, a modified algorithm that limits the antimicrobials prescribed and shortens the timeframe between a diagnosis code and a qualifying prescription claim might more accurately identify Lyme disease diagnoses when utilizing insurance claims data for supplementary, routine identification and monitoring of Lyme disease diagnoses.