bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Evaluation of preoperative anxiety and fear of anesthesia using APAIS score
Authors: Celik Fatma , Edipoglu Ipek S. 
Published: September 2018

AbstractBackgroundPreoperative anxiety is one of the most important problems for the patients, because it causes emotional and psychiatric problems as well as physical problems. It is crucial to detect the patient’s existing anxiety to assist patients. Our primary aim in this study is to investigate how the patient’s age, gender, the operation, surgical briefing, type of anesthesia recommended for the operation ahead, and patient’s prior anesthesia experience affect the patient’s anxieties. Our secondary aim is to reveal the causes of the patient’s anxieties regarding anesthesia.MethodsOur study was conducted as a prospective cohort study between May 2016–2017. Interviews with the patients were performed in the anesthesia clinic for preoperative examination. For the study, The Amsterdam Preoperative Anxiety and Information Scale (APAIS) has been used. The answers were evaluated in two scales: the anxiety score and the desire for information score. Answers to the statements were evaluated with Likert Scale. In addition, our patients were asked whether they had received prior anesthesia, if so, the type of anesthesia, whether they received surgical briefing and anesthetic method we recommended. We also asked our patients about the cause of their anxiety regarding the anesthesia.ResultsA total of 637 patients were recruited to the study, after excluding the patients who do not meet the criteria for inclusion, and 499 patients were included. Between the age and desire for information sub-scores, a negative significant correlation was detected (r: − 0.241;p = 0.001). We found that the scores of graduates of university and higher were statistically significant than the primary school graduates (p = 0.003) and secondary school graduates (p = 0.034). Anxiety sub-scores of the patients who underwent general anesthesia were found to be significantly higher than the patients who underwent regional anesthesia (p = 0.029). Anxiety sub-scores of females were found to be significantly higher than the males (p = 0.001).ConclusionsWe think that being aware of the patients’ anxiety and finding appropriate approaches for their anxieties can be valuable. APAIS is an effective method to measure patient anxiety and it might be beneficial to use during preoperative visits. Patient satisfaction and superior outcomes can be achieved in this way.Trial registrationISRCTN43960422. Registered 19/02/2018—Retrospectively registered.http://www.isrctn.com/ISRCTN43960422
Metacognitive therapy versus cognitive–behavioural therapy in adults with generalised anxiety disorder
Authors: Nordahl Hans M. , Borkovec Thomas D. , Hagen Roger , Kennair Leif E. O. , Hjemdal Odin , Solem Stian , Hansen Bjarne , Haseth Svein , Wells Adrian 
Published: September 2018

BackgroundCognitive–behavioural therapy (CBT) is the treatment of choice for generalised anxiety disorder (GAD), yielding significant improvements in approximately 50% of patients. There is significant room for improvement in the outcomes of treatment, especially in recovery.AimsWe aimed to compare metacognitive therapy (MCT) with the gold standard treatment, CBT, in patients with GAD (clinicaltrials.gov identifier: NCT00426426).MethodA total of 246 patients with long-term GAD were assessed and 81 were randomised into three conditions: CBT (n = 28), MCT (n = 32) and a wait-list control (n = 21). Assessments were made at pre-treatment, post-treatment and at 2 year follow-up.ResultsBoth CBT and MCT were effective treatments, but MCT was more effective (mean difference 9.762, 95% CI 2.679–16.845, P = 0.004) and led to significantly higher recovery rates (65% v. 38%). These differences were maintained at 2 year follow-up.ConclusionsMCT seems to produce recovery rates that exceed those of CBT. These results demonstrate that the effects of treatment cannot be attributed to non-specific therapy factors.Declaration of interestA.W. wrote the treatment protocol in MCT and several books on CBT and MCT, and receives royalties from these. T.D.B. wrote the protocol in CBT and has published several articles and chapters on CBT and receives royalties from these. All other authors declare no competing interests.
Patent foramen ovale closure versus medical therapy for stroke prevention: A systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials
Authors: Lai Jenny Chi Ling , Tse Gary , Wu William K.K. , Gong Mengqi , Bazoukis George , Wong Wing Tak , Wong Sunny Hei , Lampropoulos Konstantinos , Baranchuk Adrian , Tse Lap Ah , Xia Yunlong , Li Guangping , Wong Martin C.S. , Chan Yat Sun , Mu Nan , Dong Mei , Liu Tong ,   International Health Informatics Study (IHIS) Network
Published: September 2018

Background:Previous randomized trials on patent foramen ovale (PFO) closure versus medical therapy for stroke prevention were inconclusive. Recently, two new randomized trials and new findings from an extended follow-up of a previous trial have been published on this topic. We conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized trials comparing PFO closure with medical therapy for stroke prevention.Methods:PubMed and Cochrane Library were searched until 16thSeptember 2017. The following search terms were used for PubMed: "patent foramen ovale" AND (stroke OR embolism) and "randomized" AND "Trial". For Cochrane Library, the following terms were used: "patent foramen ovale" AND "closure" AND (stroke OR embolism).Results:A total of 91 and 55 entries were retrieved from each database using our search strategy respectively, of which six studies on five trials met the inclusion criteria. This meta-analysis included 1829 patients in the PFO closure arm (mean age: 45.3 years; 54% male) and 1972 patients in the medical therapy arm (mean age: 45.1 years; 51% male). The median follow-up duration was 50 ± 30 months. When compared to medical therapy, PFO closure significantly reduced primary endpoint events with a risk ratio [RR] of 0.60 (95% CI: 0.44-0.83, P < 0.0001;I2: 15%). It also reduced stroke (RR: 0.50, 95% CI: 0.35-0.73, P < 0.0001;I2: 32%) despite increasing the risk of atrial fibrillation/flutter (RR: 1.90, 95% CI: 1.23-2.93, P < 0.01;I2: 43%). However, it did not reduce transient ischemic accident events (0.75; 95% CI: 0.51-1.10, P = 0.14;I2: 0%), all-cause bleeding (RR: 0.89; 95% CI: 0.44-1.78, P = 0.74;I2: 51%) or gastrointestinal complications (RR: 0.92; 95% CI: 0.32-2.70, P = 0.88;I2: 0%).Conclusions:PFO closure significantly reduces risk of stroke when compared to medical treatment and should therefore be considered for stroke prevention in PFO patients.
Relationships between variance in electroencephalography relative power and developmental status in infants with typical development and at risk for developmental disability: An observational study
Authors: Hooyman Andrew , Kayekjian David , Xiao Ran , Jiang Crystal , Vanderbilt Douglas L. , Smith Beth A. 
Published: September 2018

Background: Electroencephalography (EEG) is a non-invasive tool that has the potential to identify and quantify atypical brain development. We introduce a new measure here, variance of relative power of resting-state EEG. We sought to assess whether variance of relative power of resting-state EEG could predict i) classification of infants as typical development (TD) or at risk (AR) for developmental disability, and ii) Bayley developmental scores at the same visit or future visits. Methods: A total of 22 infants with TD participated, aged between 38 and 203 days. In addition, 11 infants broadly at risk participated (6 high-risk pre-term, 4 low-risk pre-term, 1 high-risk full-term), aged between 40 and 225 days of age (adjusted for prematurity). We used EEG to measure resting-state brain function across months. We calculated variance of relative power as the standard deviation of the relative power across each of the 32 EEG electrodes. The Bayley Scales of Infant Development (3rd edition) was used to measure developmental level. Infants were measured 1-6 times each, with 1 month between measurements. Results: Our main findings were: i) variance of relative power of resting state EEG can predict classification of infants as TD or AR, and ii) variance of relative power of resting state EEG can predict Bayley developmental scores at the same visit (Bayley raw fine motor, Bayley raw cognitive, Bayley total raw score, Bayley motor composite score) and at a future visit (Bayley raw fine motor). Conclusions: This was a preliminary, exploratory, small study. Our results support variance of relative power of resting state EEG as an area of interest for future study as a biomarker of neurodevelopmental status and as a potential outcome measure for early intervention.
Pressure ulcer or moisture lesion? How to tell the difference
Authors: Nazarko Linda 
Published: September 2018

Nursing staff caring for patients in hospital and in the community normally receive education and training in how to assess skin for pressure ulcer risk. Staff are taught how to reduce risks, to document any pressure ulcers and how to treat pressure ulcers. Many people, however, are at risk of moisture damage due to incontinence, excessive perspiration, wound and stoma exudate. Moisture damage can cause pain and discomfort, delay hospital discharge and impact on quality of life, yet few staff receive formal education on this subject. This article aims to enable readers to understand the difference between moisture damage and pressure damage when inspecting skin. It aims to enable staff to provide effective care and treatment.
Early morbidity associated with fasciotomies for acute compartment syndrome in children
Authors: Lim K. B. L. , Laine T. , Chooi J. Y. , Lye W. K. , Lee B. J. Y. , Narayanan U. G. 
Published: September 2018

Purpose Acute compartment syndrome (ACS) requires urgent fasciotomy to decompress the relevant muscle compartment/s prior to onset of irreversible myonecrosis and nerve injury. A fasciotomy is not a benign procedure. This study aims to describe and quantify early morbidity directly associated with fasciotomies for ACS in children. Methods Clinical charts of 104 children who underwent 112 fasciotomies over a 13-year period at a tertiary children's hospital were reviewed. The following were analyzed: ACS aetiology, fasciotomy site, number of subsequent procedures, method of wound closure, short-term complications and length of hospital stay. Results Short-term complications included wound infections (6.7%) and the need for blood transfusion (7.7%). Median number of additional operations for wound closure was two (0 to 10) and median inpatient stay was 12 days (3 to 63; SD 11.7). After three unsuccessful attempts at primary closure, likelihood of needing skin grafting for coverage exceeded 80%. Analyses showed that fasciotomy-wound infections were associated with higher risk for four or more closure procedures. Number of procedures required for wound closure correlated with longer inpatient stay as did ACS associated with non-orthopaedic causes. Conclusion Fasciotomy is associated with significant early morbidity, the need for multiple closure operations, and prolonged hospital stay. The decision for fasciotomy needs careful consideration to avoid unnecessary fasciotomies, without increasing the risk of permanent injury from missed or delayed diagnosis. Skin grafting should be considered after three unsuccessful closure attempts. Less invasive tests or continuous monitoring (for high-risk patients) for compartment syndrome may help reduce unnecessary fasciotomies. Level of Evidence Level IV, Case series
Is less more? Assessing the utility of early clinical and radiographic follow-up for operative supracondylar humerus fractures
Authors: Thompson R. M. , Hubbard E. W. , Elliott M. , Riccio A. I. , Sucato D. J. 
Published: September 2018

Purpose Postoperative protocols following surgical management of supracondylar humerus fractures (SCFs) are often based upon surgeon preference rather than clinical merit. The purpose of this study is to determine the utility of early clinical and radiographic follow-up. Methods A retrospective review of patients who underwent closed reduction and percutaneous pinning (CRPP) for SCF between 2009 and 2015 was performed using a database of prospectively-collected consecutive patient data. Previously undiagnosed neuropathies documented at the first postoperative visit were identified. Unscheduled visits and postoperative complications were compared between patients who were seen at one week and those with delayed first clinic visits. Results Of 873 patients, 823 (94.3%) were seen within ten days of surgery (early follow-up) and 50 (5.7%) had a delayed first clinic appointment. Among patients seen for early follow-up, 12 (1.5%) had a previously undocumented neuropathy diagnosed but only eight (1%) had an alteration of management secondary to clinical findings. Greater than 90% of patients seen for early follow-up had radiographs performed, but only one had an alteration in management due to radiographic findings. Patients seen for early follow-up had the same rate of unscheduled visits (2.9% versus 4%, p = 0.66) and postoperative complications (1.6% versus 0%, p > 0.99) as those with delayed first appointments. Radiographic parameters were comparable at final follow-up (Baumann's angle 74.5° versus 73.7°, p = 0.40; lateral humeral condylar angle 40.2° versus 41.2°, p = 0.53). Conclusion The early follow-up visit after CRPP of SCF rarely leads to alterations in care and does not reduce unscheduled visits or late complications. Level of Evidence Level IV
Representations of Syrian refugees in the British tabloid press: An illustration of Aylan Kurdi’s tragic event
Authors: Raja Irfan , Alotaibi Nasser N. 
Published: September 2018

Abstract
Ever since the Syrian crisis broke out, the media representation of the Syrian refugees fleeing political persecution, war and malnourishment has become a central focus of political debates and academic inquiry. Since 2011, the British press reporting of refugees has been mostly problematic, although occasionally it does reflect a diminutive evidence of sympathy. This article aims to analyse the representations of Syrian refugees in the British tabloid press particularity in the wake of Aylan Kurdi’s tragic death. The Framing Analysis approach has been applied on a corpus of 40 articles including features, news reports, editorials and comments pieces from The Sun and Daily Mirror that are of dissimilar political orientation. Initial findings show that the concept of ‘humanity’ is the most distinguished British value supported and endorsed by The Sun and Daily Mirror. At the same time, both tabloids ignored the notorious role of the British government in escalating the Syrian conflict, which resulted in the death of hundreds of thousands of civilians and the destruction of a country. Given the circumstances of the little boy’s death, this article supports the contention that news is a ‘constructed reality’ that is a product of various social, political and cultural factors including deviant circumstances. This study argues that certain events often receive more media attention than others, whilst many events of a similar nature are mostly ignored.
Cyclic homology of cyclic ∞-simplicial modules
Authors: Lapin Sergey V. 
Published: September 2018

Abstract
The notion of a cyclic

∞

{\infty}

-simplicial module is introduced.
The homotopy invariance of the structure of a cyclic

∞

{\infty}

-simplicial module is proved. The conception of the cyclic homology of cyclic

∞

{\infty}

-simplicial modules is developed. For the cyclic homology of cyclic

∞

{\infty}

-simplicial modules, the analogue of the Connes–Tsygan exact sequence is obtained.
Structure and photochromism of 1-[2-methyl-5-phenyl-3-thienyl]-2-[2-methyl-5-(4-chlorophenyl)-3-thienyl]3,3,4,4,5,5-hexafluorocyclopent-1-ene, C27H16ClF6S2
Authors: Liu Fangfang , Li Hui , Pu Shouzhi 
Published: September 2018

Abstract
C27H16ClF6S2, monclinic, P21/c (no. 14), a = 24.1193(5) Å, b = 9.2419(2) Å, c = 10.8343(2) Å, β = 96.1260(10)°, V = 2401.26(8) Å3, Z = 4, R
gt(F) = 0.0292, wR
ref(F
2) = 0.0878, T = 100(2) K.
Ratio primary reference measurement procedure (RPRMP) for the certification of chromium content in biological reference materials
Authors: Zuba Iga , Polkowska-Motrenko Halina 
Published: September 2018

Abstract
Primary reference measurement procedure for Cr determination in biological samples by radiochemical neutron activation analysis (RNAA) has been elaborated. The procedure is based on quantitative and selective separation of chromium from neutron irradiated sample by column chromatography using MnO2-Resin and determination of 51Cr by γ-ray spectrometry. Quality components have been incorporated into the RNAA method which makes it possible to meet the requirements of the definition of ratio primary reference measurement procedure. The usefulness of the elaborated procedure to assign the certified values for Cr in new certified reference material (CRMs) based on animal tissues is demonstrated. The tentative certified values for Cr have been proposed for: MODAS M-4 Cormorant Tissue and M-5 Cod Tissue CRMs.
Mixing SbIIIand GeIVoccupancy in the polyoxovanadate {V14E8} archetype
Authors: Wendt Michael , Näther Christian , van Leusen Jan , Kögerler Paul , Bensch Wolfgang 
Published: September 2018

AbstractThe first mixed germanato-antimonato derivative of the {V14E8O42} (E=semi-metal) cluster archetype has been synthesized under hydrothermal conditions and isolated as {Ni(phen)3}2[α-VIV14SbIII5GeIV3O42(OH)3(H2O)]· ≈16H2O (phen=1,10-phenanthroline). In the cluster anion, seven of the eight hetero-metal positions are occupied by disordered Ge/Sb atoms, while one position is fully occupied by Sb atoms. The [V14Sb5Ge3O42(OH)3(H2O)]6−anions are arranged in pairs with remarkably short inter-cluster Sb···O contacts. Bond valence sum calculation strongly suggests that the Sb···O contact must be taken into account as a weak bond. The magnetic properties are dominated by strong intra-cluster antiferromagnetic exchange interactions, and the cluster anion is magnetically quasi-isolated from the spins of the Ni2+complex cations.
Synthesis of LaCoO3 powder by a combined mechanical/thermal process
Authors: Berbenni Vittorio , Milanese Chiara , Bruni Giovanna , Girella Alessandro 
Published: September 2018

Abstract
Lanthanum cobaltite, LaCoO3, finds applications as an oxidation and reduction catalyst in gas-sensing materials and in electrode materials for high-temperature fuel cells. The compound has been synthesized through several routes aimed at obtaining LaCoO3 at lower temperatures. We propose a synthetic procedure based on the combined use of mechanical and thermal energy on mixtures of Co(II) oxalate dehydrate and La acetate sesquihydrate. We studied the reactions taking place by increasing the temperature. The study has been performed either on mixtures prepared by a simple physical mixing of the reactants or on the same mixtures after having been subjected to mechanical activation by high-energy milling. The products formed in the mixtures by annealing at different temperatures have been characterized by means of different experimental techniques (thermogravimetric analysis, XRPD, IR, scanning electron microscopy).
Alkali chalcogenido ortho manganates(II) A
6MnQ
4 (A=Rb, Cs; Q=S, Se, Te)
Authors: Langenmaier Michael , Rackl Tobias , Johrendt Dirk , Röhr Caroline 
Published: September 2018

Abstract
The six isotypic alkali ortho chalcogenido manganates A
6[MnII
Q
4] (A=Rb, Cs; Q=S, Se, Te) were synthesized – in most cases in pure phase – from stoichiometric mixtures of the manganese monochalcogenides MnQ, the elemental chalcogens and Rb2S/Cs2S2 (sulfido salts) or the pure alkali elements (selenido and tellurido salts) as alkali sources at maximum temperatures between 650 and 800°C. Their hexagonal crystal structures were refined by means of X-ray single crystal data (space group P63
mc, Na6ZnO4-type structure, Z=2; A/Q: Rb/S: a=1019.34(2), c=792.560(10) pm, R1=0.0166; Rb/Se: a=1055.74(2), c=821.14(2) pm, R1=0.0275; Rb/Te: a=1126.68(2), c=860.54(2) pm, R1=0.0152; Cs/S: a=1056.68(2), c=831.22(2) pm, R1=0.0168; Cs/Se: a=1096.04(3), c=858.13(2) pm, R1=0.0194; and Cs/Te: a=1167.72(3), c=896.95(2) pm, R1=0.0140). The chiral structures contain isolated C
3 symmetric, but very close to ideal tetrahedral, ortho manganate(II) anions [MnII
Q
4]6− with Mn–Q distances of 248.7–250.7 (Q=S), 260.7–263.0 (Q=Se) and 280.0–282.4 pm (Q=Te). The chalcogenide ions form a hexagonal closed packing with slightly puckered 36 nets, in which the A(2) cations occupy 3/4 of the octahedral interstices, whereas Mn takes 1/8 and A(1) 3/8 of the tetrahedral voids. Magnetic measurements on the three Cs compounds showed Curie-Weiss behavior down to a temperature of 1.9 K, with magnetic moments significantly reduced with respect to the expected spin-only value of a d
5 ion. The electronic band structures of the four salts (Na/Rb)6Mn(S/Te)4, which were calculated within the GGA+U approach, allow a comparison of the chemical bonding characteristics and the magnetic properties within the alkali cation and the chalcogenido ligand series.
Recovering Impunity
Authors: Jones Eric C. , Luque Diana , Murphy Arthur D. 
Published: September 2018

In the state of Sonora, the 2009 Hermosillo ABC Day Care Center fire and the 2014 Cananea copper mine spill highlighted how deregulation and divestiture of state services by the Institutional Revolutionary Party (PRI) and the National Action Party (PAN) served the interests of a few elites, who maintained rule through mechanisms of impunity: in other words, through actions undertaken without concern about the law or repercussions. Although impunity produces a seemingly incoherent set of policy and politics, results from dozens of semi-structured interviews by our team also suggest that exercising power through impunity is part of the culture of governance in Mexico, relying on global ties, but not necessarily requiring any specific individual or party leadership.
El incendio de la Guardería ABC de la Cd. de Hermosillo, Sonora en 2009, y el derrame de la mina de cobre de Cananea, Sonora en 2014, exhibió la falta de regulación estatal, así como la ineficiencia en materia de servicios públicos durante las administraciones de los partidos políticos del Partido Revolucionario Institucional (PRI) así como del Partido Acción Nacional (PAN), demostrando que finalmente están al servicio de los intereses de pequeñas élites que mantienen y gobiernan a través de mecanismos de impunidad. Aunque la impunidad sí produce un conjunto de programas y políticas incoherentes, los resultados de más de 100 entrevistas semi-estructuradas sugieren que, además, el ejercicio de poder mediante la impunidad es parte de una cultura de gobernanza en México, que requiere vínculos globales, pero no necesariamente requiere liderazgos específicos, ya sean individuales o de partido.