bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Risk model for predicting failure to rescue after hepatectomy: Cohort study of 1371 consecutive patients
Authors: Kimura Jiro , Takagi Kosei , Umeda Yuzo , Fuji Tomokazu , Yasui Kazuya , Yamada Motohiko , Nishiyama Takeyoshi , Nagai Yasuo , Kanehira Noriyuki , Fujiwara Toshiyoshi 
Published: November 2024

AbstractAimAlthough hepatectomy is a complex surgical procedure, its incidence among older patients has increased due to global aging. However, few studies have focused on the association between age and failure to rescue (FTR) posthepatectomy. This study aimed to investigate the association between age and FTR and develop a risk model for FTR following hepatectomy.MethodsWe analyzed a total of 1371 consecutive patients who underwent primary hepatectomy between July 2003 and September 2022. The patients were divided into three groups according to their age: young‐old (<65 years), pre‐old (65–74 years), and old group (≥75 years). Additionally, the associations among age, FTR, and risk factors for FTR were investigated. Subsequently, a risk model was developed to predict the FTR.ResultsOf the 1371 patients, 373 (27.2%) experienced major complications, and FTR occurred in 15 patients. The older group showed a higher FTR rate (8.4%) than the young‐old (1.3%) and pre‐old (4.3%) groups (p = 0.03). Multivariate analyses indicated that older age (odds ratio [OR] 1.07; 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.00–1.15; p = 0.045) and American Society of Anesthesiologists Physical Status score ≥3 (OR 4.35; 95% CI 1.24–15.2; p = 0.02) were independent predictive factors for FTR. The risk model exhibited an accuracy with an area under the curve of 0.80 (95% CI 0.69–0.92). Calibration plots of the model revealed a concordance index of 0.73.ConclusionsThis study identified an association between age, FTR, and risk factors for FTR posthepatectomy. Together, our risk model is a clinically relevant, internally validated, and useful tool for predicting FTR posthepatectomy.
Improvement of Care Cascade for Hypertension and Diabetes in Rural China: Protocol for an Implementation Study
Authors: Yin Xuejun , Wang Zhenzhong , Yang Jingsong , Li Jia , Han Shasha , Feng Wenshuai , Liu Qinglan , Li Ning , Zhang Lihui , Ke Jiawen , Wei Xiaoxia , Zhang Juan , Sarrafzadegan Nizal , Shao Ruitai 
Published: November 2024

ABSTRACTThe management of hypertension and diabetes poses significant challenges to China's healthcare system, necessitating seamless patient progression through screening, diagnosis, management, and control. Utilizing the care cascade model, this study aims to systematically identify patient drop‐offs and devise strategies to address healthcare delivery bottlenecks for hypertension and diabetes in rural China. This study consists of three phases. In Phase 1, qualitative interviews are conducted to explore healthcare experiences and identify determinants across the care cascade. Phase 2 involves systematically assessing barriers identified in Phase 1 and collaborating with local stakeholders using intervention mapping and co‐design to generate interventions and implementation strategies. Phase 3 is a cluster randomized controlled trial involving 48 villages, randomly assigned in a 1:1 ratio, to compare changes in hypertension and diabetes care. Intervention villages will implement interventions developed in Phase 2 for 1 year, while control villages will continue with usual care. Primary outcomes include between‐group differences in achieving blood pressure and glycemic targets, along with service and implementation outcomes. This study aims to identify the stage with the largest patient retention gap in the care cascade and develop intervention strategies through participatory co‐design with practitioners, emphasizing feasible, low‐cost approaches. The pragmatic cluster RCT will assess strategy effectiveness, offering valuable insights for practical interventions to enhance hypertension and diabetes care in rural settings, potentially shaping impactful programs and improving healthcare outcomes.Trial Registration: ClinicalTrials.gov. identifier: NCT06141278
Inhibiting YAP1 reduced abdominal aortic aneurysm formation by suppressing adventitial fibroblast phenotype transformation and migration
Authors: Xie Cuiping , Hu Yanting , Yin Zhehui 
Published: November 2024

AbstractThe adventitial fibroblast (AF) is the most abundant cell in the vascular adventitia, a few studies had confirmed that AF contributed to abdominal aortic aneurysm (AAA) development; YAP1 involved in several vascular diseases by promoting AF transformed to myofibroblast, the role of YAP1 in AAA is not clear yet. This study aims to determine whether YAP1 play a role in AAA process by regulating AF function. We found the expression of YAP1was significantly increased in aneurysm tissues of AAA patients compared to normal adjacent vascular tissues and mainly in adventitia. YAP1 also upregulated in elastase‐induced and CaCl2‐induced mice AAA model. Suppressed YAP1 function with YAP1 inhibitor‐Verteporfin declined AAA incident rate remarkably in mice, and the collagen deposition in the adventitia was alleviated obviously. Afterwards, we studied the effect of YAP1 on the function of AF, Verteporfin was used to block YAP1 in vitro, the process of AF transforming to myofibroblast and migration were almost completely eliminated after inhibiting YAP1 expression. This study demonstrated that YAP1 may play a key role in AAA development, inhibiting YAP1 significantly reduced AAA formation through suppressed the process of AF transformed to myofibroblast and migration.
Evaluation of Phenological and Morphological Traits in Pea Accessions (Pisum sativum L.) and Their Resistance to Pea Weevil (Bruchus pisorum L.)
Authors: Nikolova Ivelina 
Published: November 2024

ABSTRACTDiversity in pea plant germplasm is crucial in breeding programmes to select highly yielding varieties resistant to Bruchid damage. At the Institute of Forage Crops in Pleven, Bulgaria, nine field pea accessions underwent evaluation for resistance to the pea weevil Bruchus pisorum L. The study identified a relationship between the damage inflicted by the weevils and certain phenological and morphological characteristics. Earlier flowering and formatting pod accessions had a lower sum of the effective temperatures and were characterised by low weevil density. Accessions with a low percentage of damaged seeds with Bruchid emergence holes were distinguished by high seed weight and higher‐damaged ones with parasitoid emergence holes. The large seeds had low weight loss from weevil larvae, too. Parasitoid Triaspis thoracica reduced weevil larvae when the larvae in damaged seeds were in early instars and can be a successful biological agent of B. pisorum in earlier and shorter flowering and pod formation cultivars. Also, a mechanical barrier, such as the thickness of the pod wall, can limit larvae penetration in the pod and reduce weevil damage. Line 5/04‐8 and L 5/01‐3 were classified as resistant to B. pisorum and could be used in future breeding programmes such as resistant sources.
Broad‐range necrophytophagy in the flagellate Orciraptor agilis (Viridiraptoridae, Cercozoa) and the underappreciated role of scavenging among protists
Authors: Moye Jannika , Hess Sebastian 
Published: November 2024

AbstractProtists show diverse lifestyles and fulfill important ecological roles as primary producers, predators, symbionts, and parasites. The degradation of dead microbial biomass, instead, is mainly attributed to bacteria and fungi, while necrophagy by protists remains poorly recognized. Here, we assessed the food range specificity and feeding behavior of the algivorous flagellate Orciraptor agilis (Viridiraptoridae, Cercozoa) with a large‐scale feeding experiment. We demonstrate that this species is a broad‐range necrophage, which feeds on a variety of eukaryotic and prokaryotic algae, but fails to grow on the tested fungi. Furthermore, our microscopic observations reveal an unexpected flexibility of O. agilis in handling food items of different structures and biochemistry, demonstrating that sophisticated feeding strategies in protists do not necessarily indicate narrow food ranges.
Blackness, linguistic nationalism, and postcolonial class inequality in Haiti
Authors: Marius Philippe‐Richard 
Published: November 2024

AbstractThis ethnographic examination of a binary linguistic hierarchy in Haiti shares the critical terrain of Viranjini Munasinghe's unpacking of Caribbean creolization theory. It is a grounded inquiry into a problematic of ontology that inheres in techniques of making non‐white identities deployed by Caribbean privileged people of color at arm's length from a European colonial heritage that underpins their privileged class positions. Borrowing Munasinghe's analytic concept of theory made schizophrenic by ideology, the investigation reveals Haiti's francophone minority ideologically utilizing Haitian Creole as a black‐nationalist symbol in its domination of the monolingual Creole‐speaking majority. The ideological move devalues Creole while elevating French in the reproduction of class inequality. The linguistic schizophrenia undermines the theoretical nation‐building logic of Creole as national language. Failing practical validation of Creole in all spheres of Haitian life, I conclude, claims on the state and civil society by Haiti's vast monolingual Creole‐speaking majority cannot logically be validated.
Commentary: The COVID‐19 pandemic and its impact on adolescent development: Embracing a more ecological perspective
Authors: Wiium Nora 
Published: November 2024

AbstractTo assess the impact of the COVID‐19 pandemic on young people's functioning, relationships, and well‐being, four systematic reviews were put together to shed light on school experiences, family and peer relationships, and civic engagement during the pandemic. The reviews presented research findings on the protective role of several personal and contextual resources including intrinsic motivation, self‐efficacy, family, school, peer, and community support, as well as the harming effect of risk factors, such as poor mental health, COVID‐19‐related stressors, and technological challenges, thus highlighting the significant role of both personal and contextual factors in adolescent development and well‐being. Equally important, the research findings collectively suggested an ecological perspective of the determining factors, although the focus was largely on factors in immediate contexts (family, school, peers, and local community). Adopting a more holistic approach that also considers factors in other ecological contexts (e.g., partnership between immediate contexts, the influence of cultural values and norms along with educational and developmental transitions) can be crucial in addressing the specific needs of young people across diverse contexts and cultures during a pandemic and in general. In addressing their needs, the ever‐growing digital space of young people can be utilized to connect them to services and supportive networks in their contexts including distal ones.
Spark Architecture and Ensemble‐Based Feature Selection With Hybrid Optimisation Enabled Deep Long Short‐Term Memory for Crop Yield Prediction
Authors: Surendran Anitha Rajathi , Sahayadhas Arun 
Published: November 2024

ABSTRACTPrecise prediction of crop yield is crucial for addressing the economic resilience and food security of agricultural countries. Current models for crop yield prediction struggle to fully understand the long‐term trends and seasonal variations. Here, the Fractional Rider‐Based Water Cycle Algorithm‐Based Deep Long Short‐Term Memory (FRWCA‐DLSTM) is devised for crop production forecasting and addresses these issues. Primarily, the simulation of the IoT is performed. Then, the selection of Cluster Head (CH) and routing are done with the Rider‐Based Water Cycle Optimisation (RWCO). Then, the crop production data are accumulated at the Base Station (BS), where Spark architecture is used for crop prediction. Here, the data partitioning is done using Deep Fuzzy Clustering (DFC). Next, the technical indicators are extracted. Then, the ensemble‐based Feature selection is accomplished. Here, the ranking techniques are combined by a fusion function. The weight parameters are tuned by Hunter‐Sparrow Search Optimisation (HSSO). Finally, the crop yield prediction is performed by DLSTM, which is trained using FRWCA. The FRWCA is developed by merging Fractional Calculus (FC) with RWCO. The performance of FRWCA‐DLSTM shows the minimum mean absolute percentage error (MAPE), mean square error (MSE) and root mean square error (RMSE) of 0.103, 0.081 and 0.284, respectively.
Identification of QoI‐Resistant Isolates of the Banana Pathogen Pseudocercospora fijiensis in Mexico
Authors: Manzo‐Sánchez Gilberto , Salazar‐Licea Luis Carlos , Buenrostro‐Nava Marco Tulio , Leopardi‐Verde Carlos L. , Martínez‐Bolaños Luciano , Islas‐Flores Ignacio , Orozco‐Santos Mario , Canto‐Canché Blondy 
Published: November 2024

ABSTRACTBlack Sigatoka disease is a significant threat to banana (Musa spp.) fruit yield and quality. For the control of the fungal pathogen, Pseudocercospora fijiensis, producers currently rely on fungicides such as Quinone outside Inhibitor (QoI). In this study, we examined the resistance status of P. fijiensis to QoI fungicides using 80 isolates from 24 localities in the main banana‐producing areas of Mexico (Colima, Michoacán, Tabasco and Chiapas). Resistance was evaluated using the RFLP‐PCR mutation assay on Cytochrome b gen (Cytb). The results showed the G143A mutation in three isolates from Chiapas, indicating a relatively low mutation frequency in the sampled areas, where additionally, a microplate bioassay confirmed the resistance to fungicides. We also evaluated the genetic structure and differentiation among the sampled populations, detecting differences between populations within each region and among all populations. Furthermore, our analysis revealed shared haplotypes between resistant populations in Chiapas and nonresistant populations in Michoacán. These findings provide valuable insight into the resistance status of P. fijiensis to QoI fungicides in Mexico and serve as foundation for the development of strategies to manage strobilurin resistance in the country. Overall, this study highlights the importance of monitoring and implementing effective management practices to mitigate the spread of resistant strains.
Genetic Evidence for GLP‐1 and GIP Receptors as Targets for Treatment and Prevention of MASLD/MASH
Authors: Yan Ran , Liu Lu , Tzoulaki Ioanna , Fan Jiangao , Targher Giovanni , Yuan Zhongshang , Zhao Jian 
Published: November 2024

ABSTRACTBackground and AimsGlucagon‐like peptide‐1 receptor (GLP1R) agonists and glucose‐dependent insulinotropic polypeptide receptor (GIPR) agonists may help treat metabolic dysfunction‐associated steatotic liver disease (MASLD) and metabolic dysfunction‐associated steatohepatitis (MASH). However, their definitive effects are still unclear. Our study aims to clarify this uncertainty.MethodsWe utilised conventional Mendelian randomisation (MR) analysis to explore potential causal links between plasma GLP‐1/GIP concentrations and MASLD and its related traits. Next, we conducted drug‐target MR analysis using highly expressed tissue data to assess the effects of corresponding drug perturbation on these traits. Finally, mediation analysis was performed to ascertain whether the potential causal effect is direct or mediated by other MASLD‐related traits.ResultsCirculating 2‐h GLP‐1 and GIP concentrations measured during an oral glucose tolerance test showed hepatoprotective effects on MASLD risk (ORGLP‐1 = 0.168 [95% CI 0.033–0.839], p = 0.030; ORGIP = 0.331 [95% CI 0.222–0.494], p = 6.31 × 10−8). GLP1R expression in the blood had a minimal causal effect on MASLD risk, whereas GIPR expression significantly affected MASLD risk (OR = 0.671 [95% CI 0.531–0.849], p = 9.07 × 10−4). Expression levels of GLP1R or GIPR in the blood significantly influenced MASLD‐related clinical traits. Mediation analysis revealed that GIPR expression protected against MASLD, even after adjusting for type 2 diabetes or body mass index.ConclusionsGLP‐1/GIP receptor agonists offer promise in lowering MASLD/MASH risk. GIP receptor agonists can exert direct and indirect effects on MASLD mediated by weight reduction or glycemic control improvement.
Fish–Seascape Associations Within an Offshore Protected Area in the Arabian Gulf
Authors: Kembrey Holly , Pittman Simon J. , Bejarano Ivonne , Blanco‐Parra María del Pilar , Jabado Rima W. , Yaghmour Fadi , Mateos‐Molina Daniel 
Published: November 2024

ABSTRACTCoral reef ecosystems support high fish biodiversity through ecological interactions with structural complexity across multiple spatial scales including coral colony architecture and the surrounding seascape structure. In an era where the complexity of coral reef ecosystems is being diminished, understanding the importance of structural characteristics beyond single focal patches has the potential to better inform actions for protecting, restoring or creating habitat for reef‐associated species. A seascape ecology approach was applied to explore the associations between multiple scales of seascape structure and fish assemblage response variables within a small (49.6 km2) offshore no‐take MPA, Sir Bu Nair Island Protected Area, in Sharjah, United Arab Emirates. Fish–seascape associations were modelled with single regression trees. Both in situ and remote sensing–derived variables produced the best models with highest contributions from coral cover, amount of hard‐bottom habitat type and structural complexity of the seafloor terrain. Fish species richness was significantly higher where coral cover exceeded 35%. The hard‐bottom areas with coral supported diverse assemblages dominated by carnivorous and omnivorous fishes. The Sir Bu Nair Island Protected Area provides a critical refuge for threatened and regionally overexploited species including those with low resilience to fishing. The ecological success of this protected area is key to safeguarding regional marine biodiversity and recovering fish populations to enhance food security.
Shock petrographic and numerical modeling constraints on the morphology and size of the Morokweng impact structure, South Africa
Authors: Gibson Roger L. , Wela S'lindile S. , Rae Auriol S. P. , Andreoli Marco A. G. 
Published: November 2024

AbstractThe 369 m deep M4 drill hole, located ~18 km NNW of the center of the 146 Ma Morokweng impact structure (MIS), intersects shocked Archean granitoid gneisses and subsidiary dolerite intrusions that are cut by faults, cataclasites and mm‐ to m‐wide suevitic and pseudotachylitic breccia dikes. The shock features in quartz in the gneisses and breccia dikes include decorated planar deformation features (PDFs), planar fractures, feather features, and toasting. Other minerals show features that may be shock‐related, such as multiple sets of planar features and alternate twin ladder structures in feldspars, kink bands in biotite, and planar features in titanite, apatite, and zircon; however, these are variably annealed and/or overprinted by hydrothermal alteration effects, and confirmation of their origin awaits further study. Universal Stage measurements of PDF sets in quartz from 12 gneissic target rocks and from lithic and mineral clasts in three suevitic and three pseudotachylitic breccia dikes reveal four dominant sets: (0001), {}, {} and {}. Based on these observations, the average peak shock pressure in these rocks is estimated at ≤16 GPa, which supports the original proximity (within one transient cavity radius) of these rocks to the point of impact. No discernible depth‐dependent shock attenuation was noted in the core. These shock levels and the elevated structural position of the rocks in the M4 core relative to the impact melt sheet intersected in drill holes closer to the center of the MIS suggest that the M4 lithologies represent part of the parautochthonous peak ring volume that subsequently experienced 1.5–2 km of post‐impact erosion before it was buried beneath younger sediments. Numerical modeling using the iSALE‐2D code suggests that the original Morokweng crater had a rim‐to‐rim diameter of between 70 and 80 km, and that the rocks in the M4 core were originally located at a depth of 7–8 km and a radial distance of 8–9 km from the point of impact.
The Effect of Book Genre in Eliciting Teacher Math Talk
Authors: Ang Daphne , Sun Baoqi , Cheung Pierina 
Published: November 2024

ABSTRACTNumber books are an effective tool to increase math talk and promote children's mathematical thinking, but little is known about book genre effects. How do different types of number books impact mathematical input? This study examined whether book genre affects the amount and types of teachers' math talk. Using a within‐subjects design, we asked 31 teachers of 4‐ to 5‐year‐olds to read a narrative number book and a nonnarrative number book in a counterbalanced order. The books were matched in target numerical content. We found that the nonnarrative number book elicited more math talk than the narrative number book. In a qualitative analysis, we analyzed multiple conversational turns and found that both books allowed teachers to engage in simple math discussions, but there were differences in other types of math discussions. Together, these findings show that the quantity and quality of mathematical input differ as a function of genre.
A branched Fourier neural operator for efficient calculation of vehicle–track spatially coupled dynamics
Authors: Wang Qingjing , Sun Huakun , He Qing , Li Peihai , Sun Yu , Wu Weijun , Lyu Guanren , Wang Ping 
Published: November 2024

AbstractIn railway transportation, the evaluation of track irregularities is an indispensable requirement to ensure the safety and comfort of railway vehicles. A promising approach is to directly use vehicle dynamic responses to assess the impact of track irregularities. However, the computational cost of obtaining the dynamic response of the vehicle body using dynamics simulation methods is large. To this end, this study proposes a physics‐informed neural operator framework for vehicle–track spatially coupled dynamics (PINO‐VTSCD) calculation, which can effectively acquire the vehicle dynamic response. The backbone structure of PINO‐VTSCD is established by the branched Fourier neural operator, which features one branch for outputting car body responses and the other branch for estimating the responses of bogie frames, wheelsets, and rails. The relative L2 loss (rLSE) of PINO‐VTSCD under the optimal hyperparameter combination is 4.96%, which is 57% lower than the convolutional neural network‐gated recurrent unit model. Evaluation cases from large‐scale simulations and real‐world track irregularities show that the proposed framework can achieve fast solution in scenarios such as different wavelength‐depth combinations and different wavelength ranges. Compared with the traditional vehicle–track coupled model, the speedup of the PINO‐VTSCD model is 32x. The improved computational efficiency of the proposed model can support many railway engineering tasks that require repetitive calculations.