bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Nurse education and understanding related to domestic violence and abuse against women: An integrative review of the literature
Authors: Alshammari Kafi Fraih , McGarry Julie , Higginbottom Gina Marie Awoko 
Published: March 2018

AbstractAimThe aim of this study was to explore previous literature related to nurses understanding of Intimate partner violence (IPV) or domestic violence and abuse (DVA) against women and to identify the gaps in nursing education so as to use the findings as a baseline to inform potential intervention strategies, curriculum development and outline implications for future nursing practice.DesignAn Integrative review of literature.MethodsStudies were extracted through a search of the electronic databases, such as Science direct, EBSCO host and PubMed, to identify relevant evidences published between January 2000–January 2017. “Joanna Briggs Institute (JBI) tool” was used to review primary research studies.ResultsSeventeen empirical studies were analysed. Findings supported four themes including: educational and training experiences, identification of IPV/DVA, curriculum and communication skills of nurses. Continued efforts are further needed to highlight and address IPV/DVA in nursing education and training, to scale up nursing understanding to respond and identify IPV/DVA appropriately in a clinical environment.
Microscale Modeling and Simulation of Magnetorheological Elastomers
Authors: Kalina Karl A. , Brummund Jörg , Metsch Philipp , Kästner Markus 
Published: March 2018

AbstractHerein, a finite strain microscale model for magnetorheological elastomers (MREs) based on a general continuum formulation of the magneto‐mechanical boundary value problem is introduced. The modelling approach enables to consider particles with magnetically soft or magnetically hard behavior. In order to connect the microscopic fields to effective macroscopic quantities, a suitable computational homogenization scheme is used. The microstructure of the considered MRE is discretized and the problem is solved numerically in terms of a coupled nonlinear finite element approach. Using the presented framework, the influence of the particle shape on the magnetostrictive effect of MREs filled with magnetically soft particles is discussed. Furthermore, the effective macroscopic hystereses of an MRE filled with magnetically hard particles are calculated. (© 2017 Wiley‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)
Challenges and applications of overset grid coupling strategies
Authors: Schubert Svenja , Rung Thomas 
Published: March 2018

AbstractThe paper deals with the mass conservation and geometry intersection of overset grid coupling strategies. The interpolation based grid coupling of the overset procedure violates the inherent mass conservation of finite‐volume methods. This is problematic since incompressible finite‐volume solvers directly use the mass defect when solving for the pressure. Furthermore, overset grid coupling requires a sufficient overlap for the interpolation of field values. Geometry intersection can be handled by an immersed boundary method. Applications refer to a collision simulation of two cylinders and the wall influence on the added mass of a cylinder. (© 2017 Wiley‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)
Structural Synthesis of Parallel Robots with Unguided Linear Actuators
Authors: Schulz Stefan , Seibel Arthur , Schlattmann Josef 
Published: March 2018

AbstractIn this paper, we show that a Stewart‐Gough platform with ball screw linear actuators that do not inhibit a rotation between the upper and the lower cylinder, so‐called unguided linear actuators, still has six degrees of freedom if universal joints are used as lower and upper joints. Such parallel mechanisms can be described as 6‐UHPU types. (© 2017 Wiley‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)
Steps Towards More Realistic FSI Simulations of Coronary Arteries
Authors: Fausten Simon , Balzani Daniel , Heinlein Alexander , Klawonn Axel , Rheinbach Oliver , Schröder Jörg 
Published: March 2018

AbstractIn this contribution, results regarding fluid‐structure interaction (FSI) simulations for three‐dimensional arterial walls are presented. In detail, a benchmark problem for FSI simulations in arteries of sufficient complexity, which combines sophisticated nonlinear models for the fluid and the structure, cf. [1], as well as a short segment from a patient‐specific arterial geometry are considered. For the patient‐specific arterial geometry a specific inflow profile suited for realistic geometries and simplified boundary conditions for the outflow are taken into account. (© 2017 Wiley‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)
A movement generation algorithm for FE Human Body Models
Authors: Martynenko Oleksandr , Schmitt Syn , Bayer Alexandra , Blaschke Julian , Mayer Christian 
Published: March 2018

AbstractFinite element (FE) method simulations are increasingly used for the development in the area of vehicle safety nowadays. Highly detailed virtual mechanical and human body models (HBMs) available for use in connection with the increase of the processors performance and algorithms efficiency, give engineers the opportunity to simulate not only the car crash event itself but also a so‐called pre‐crash phase. This is important for the design and improvement of steering‐assist and autonomous driving systems, through the assessment of active occupant behaviour during the impact avoidance or any other complex driving manoeuvres. To enable adequate evaluation of such simulations, virtual Active Human Body Models (AHBMs) should be established, capable to not only reproduce reflex human reactions but also for simulations of human movements. This study investigates the applicability of a forward dynamics movement generation algorithm for the FE HBMs, presents first results and outlines questions, need to be solved in future to do such simulations in a robust and time effective way. (© 2017 Wiley‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)
Mechanobiological processes of tissue engineered cartilage replacement materials
Authors: Nachtsheim Julia , Markert Bernd , Stoffel Marcus 
Published: March 2018

AbstractA new therapeutic approach in the treatment of small focal articular defects is the implantation of an acellular collagen‐based scaffold. Replacement materials need to fulfil high requirements in terms of biocompatility and mechanical properties. Ideally, they feature similar mechanical properties as native articular cartilage. The aim of this study is to experimentally and numerically analyse a clinically available implant. Therefore, we perform unconfined compression tests and use a phenomenological material model to identify material parameters of the viscoelastic material. (© 2017 Wiley‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)
Heat transfer in multi‐phase porous media with application to cancer detection
Authors: Niedermeyer Angela , Heider Yousef , Stoffel Marcus , Markert Bernd 
Published: March 2018

AbstractHeat transport in biological tissues and its modelling with different approaches, such as Pennes's bioheat equation and porous media theories, is investigated in this study. Breast cancer detection is envisaged as an application. The suitability of the widely‐used Pennes model for breast cancer detection by means of infrared imaging is investigated through experimental and numerical examples. (© 2017 Wiley‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)
Investigating human thumb models via their range of motion volumes
Authors: Phutane Uday , Roller Michael , Björkenstam Staffan , Leyendecker Sigrid 
Published: March 2018

AbstractThe human thumb possesses joint axes with intricate descriptions, which enable the thumb to perform complex motions like opposition. To validate a thumb multibody model kinematically, we firstly study the difference in the volumes of the thumb tip workspace for the maximum range of motion (RoM) and the grasp RoM. We compare the volume difference for five models (with same joint designs but different axes locations and orientations) with data from literature. Secondly, we compute the rotation of the thumb along the longitudinal axis (internal rotation) for one joint for different postures. We compare the rotations for the five models with measured data from literature. In both checks, the results obtained from simulation are in close agreement with literature data and consequently the thumb model's kinematics is validated. (© 2017 Wiley‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)
Data‐driven simulation of metastatic processes within brain tissue
Authors: Schröder Patrick , Wagner Arndt , Stöhr Daniela , Rehm Markus , Ehlers Wolfgang 
Published: March 2018

AbstractThe modelling of biological processes like the metastasation of lung cancer in brain tissue requires the inclusion of the major processes at the metastasis site as well as to identify model parameters from experiments. In this regard, experimental data from proliferation, malnutrition and drug experiments are embedded into a continuum‐mechanical metastases model. Successfully implemented, such models can serve as prototype tools to estimate the metastases growth and response to therapeutic applications. (© 2017 Wiley‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)
A gradient‐extended damage‐plasticity model to counteract mesh dependence in finite element simulations
Authors: Brepols Tim , Wulfinghoff Stephan , Reese Stefanie 
Published: March 2018

AbstractThis study is concerned with theoretical and numerical aspects of a thermodynamically consistent gradient‐extended damage‐plasticity model which is based on a ‘two‐surface’ approach: damage and plasticity are treated as, in principle, independent physical mechanisms by using separate yield and damage criteria as well as individual sets of loading / unloading conditions. Such a model is especially appealing from a practical point of view since it can naturally account for various situations in which the model's behavior is either (quasi‐)brittle‐like, ductile‐like or possibly anything in between. The model's algorithmic treatment at the local integration point level requires special considerations. In this regard, two inherently different strategies are implemented and tested during the study and are briefly discussed here. A numerical benchmark test reveals that the proposed gradient‐extended damage‐plasticity model is well suited for counteracting the results' mesh size dependence in finite element simulations involving damage. (© 2017 Wiley‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)
Investigations on dynamic fracture of ultra‐high performance concrete by Brazilian tests
Authors: Khosravani Mohammad Reza , Weinberg Kerstin 
Published: March 2018

AbstractIn the last years significant advances in energy‐absorption capabilities of concrete and concrete‐like materials have been made and a new generation of concrete has been introduced. A greatly improved microstructure compared to traditional concrete, leads to Ultra‐high performance concrete (UHPC) which shows improved material properties and better mechanical properties. Despite of many potential applications, specific technical information about this material is still limited. This research presents a linear elastic fracture mechanic based model which is used to study fracture behavior and some mechanical fracture parameters of UHPC material. On the series of the experiments, all the specimens are tested by Split Hopkinson Pressure Bar (SHPB) experiments. The dynamic elastic modulus of UHPC material is determined by cylindrical UHPC specimens. Brazilian disc specimens are impacted by the SHPB and the dynamic tensile strength of the specimens is calculated. Data acquisition system recorded the strain history during the experiment by the help of strain gauges which are mounted on the incident and transmission bars and on the specimens. The achieved results proved that the Brazilian test is a powerful and efficient method to study dynamic fracture properties of UHPC material. (© 2017 Wiley‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)
Remarks on a modified mixed least‐squares finite element formulation for small strain elasto‐plasticity
Authors: Igelbüscher Maximilian , Schwarz Alexander , Steeger Karl , Schröder Jörg 
Published: March 2018

AbstractIn this contribution a mixed least‐squares (LS) finite element formulation for rate‐independent elasto‐plasticity is presented within the framework of small deformations. Due to kink‐like points in the elasto‐plastic least‐squares functional, the variational approach yields to a discontinuous first variation and leads to problems by applying the standard Newton method. The proposed modification avoids this problem and guarantees the continuity of the modified weak form. We consider a least‐squares formulation, given through the balance of momentum, the constitutive equation and the consideration of an additional redundant stress symmetry condition, as a basis for the approach of a modification of the first variation. (© 2017 Wiley‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)
Separate control meshes for displacements and rotations for a shear locking free isogeometric Reissner‐Mindlin plate
Authors: Kikis Georgia , Klinkel Sven 
Published: March 2018

AbstractIn the analysis of plate and shell bending problems using an isogeometric Reissner‐Mindlin approach, transversal shear locking effects may occur especially for thin structures. One possibility to overcome locking effects is to increase the polynomial order of the NURBS basis functions. However, there are certain examples where this method shows some deficiencies, like oscillations. For low polynomial degrees, there exist only a few effective concepts for the elimination of locking effects. One is the enhanced assumed strain (EAS) method which is used in finite element formulations and which is sensitive to distorted element geometries. Beirão da Veiga et al. [1] introduced a new approach for a Reissner‐Mindlin plate formulation where the displacements and rotations of the mesh are approximated using different control meshes. The physical space of the structure always remains the same. Hence, the method is in accordance to the isoparametric paradigm. However, the shape functions for the approximation of the displacements and the rotations may have different polynomial degrees and number of control points. In this way, the compatibility requirement for pure bending is fulfilled and shear locking is avoided. The method is tested for an isogeometric Reissner‐Mindlin plate formulation, which is based on a degenerated shell formulation [2]. Basic examples are chosen and the results are compared to the unaltered isogeometric Reissner‐Mindlin plate and the finite element Method using MITC elements. The results show that the method has similar accuracy and efficiency as the MITC element and is also applicable for skew element geometries. (© 2017 Wiley‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)
A layered shell element for the computation of interlaminar shear stresses and thickness normal stresses
Authors: Knust Gregor , Gruttmann Friedrich 
Published: March 2018

AbstractIn this contribution a layered shell element for the computation of laminated structures is proposed. The shell kinematic is based on the Reissner‐Mindlin theory with an inextensible director field. Further a multi‐field functional is introduced including the global shell equations and additional Euler‐Lagrange equations. These Euler‐Lagrange equations enforce the correct shape of warping through the thickness and lead to continuous transverse shear stresses at layer boundaries This leads to a mixed hybrid shell element, after elimination of stresses, warping and Lagrange parameters on element level. The resulting shell element has the usual 5 or 6 degrees of freedom per node, making it possible to apply this element to complex geometrical structures. An extension of the element to compute stresses in thickness direction is shown, in order to estimate and predict interlaminar failure. The computed results show good agreement with 3D solid shell models. Numerical examples for the computation of interlaminar shear and thickness normal stresses are shown and compared to results of 3D elements. (© 2017 Wiley‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)
Projection and variational approaches to spectral analysis of thick elastic beams
Authors: Kostin Georgy 
Published: March 2018

AbstractVariational and projectional approaches based on the method of integro‐differential relations is applied to derive finite‐dimensional systems of ODEs approximating the natural vibrations of rectilinear elastic beams with the rectangular cross‐section. This technique involves special semi‐discrete integral projections of constitutive equations relating the stress and strain tensors as well as the velocity and momentum vectors. The spectral properties of a homogeneous isotropic beam with the square cross section are analyzed by taking into account the problem symmetry. (© 2017 Wiley‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)
Thermomechanical measurement of a brake disc
Authors: Lamjahdy Abdelkrim , Markert Bernd 
Published: March 2018

AbstractThe experimental study of the thermomechanical behaviour of disc brakes is reported. The goal of this study is to better understand and explain the thermomechanical effects of disc brakes by use of an advanced measurement system. Temperature measurements with an infrared camera, pyrometer and thermocouples have been carried out on the rubbing surface of brake discs and brake pads on a flywheel test bench. The mechanical behaviour is determined with a high‐speed detecting capacitive sensor. Based on the advanced measurement system, a detailed description of the occurring phenomena is possible. From these experimental investigations, a scenario of brake cycles is conducted. Moreover, the change of the pad stiffness and pad contact length is studied in [1]. Finally, a detailed discussion of the observed experimental behaviour and the theoretical approaches [2] is proposed. (© 2017 Wiley‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)
An objective and locking‐free finite‐element formulation for geometrically exact Kirchhoff rods
Authors: Schulz Matthias , Böl Markus 
Published: March 2018

AbstractA new finite‐element formulation for thin, arbitrarily curved rods based on the Kirchhoff theory is presented. More specifically, the modeling approach includes the parametrization, the weak form of the problem, and the spatial discretization. Also, a numerical example is adapted to show the absence of any locking‐effects. (© 2017 Wiley‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)
An experimental and numerical study of gas pressure forming under shock‐wave loading
Authors: Shirafkan Nima , Markert Bernd , Stoffel Marcus 
Published: March 2018

AbstractExplosive forming is an unconventional technique, in which a fluid is used as the pressure transmission medium. To optimise the forming process, knowledge of material behaviour under very high pressures and deformation rates are required. Deformation modelling, numerical simulation, and experimental analysis of copper plates subjected to shock‐wave loading are reported in this study. The Limaitre‐Chaboche viscoplastic constitutive law [7] is used and combined with a geometrically non‐linear shell model. The aim of this research is to propose an appropriate mechanical model and to develop an experimental set‐up to predict the material forming behaviour by simulation. (© 2017 Wiley‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)
Non‐unique Equilibria of a Statically Indeterminate System with Coulomb Friction
Authors: Steiner Wolfgang 
Published: March 2018

AbstractThis contribution aims to show that the Coulomb friction model in a statically indeterminate system can result in ambiguous equilibrium states. We demonstrate that a simple framework may be in equilibrium and satisfy all inequalities, related to a unilateral contact, for several values of the reaction forces. A new method [3], which extends Castigliano's theorem to problems with Coulomb friction, is applied to analyze the cases of sticking, slipping or opening of the framework's supports. We think that our example is simpler and more illustrative than the rather mathematical examples in [1] or in [2] where non‐unique static solutions were found, too. (© 2017 Wiley‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)
A Minimal Dynamic Structure Model Considering Dry Friction Energy Dissipation in Refrigerant‐Lubricated Gas Foil Bearings
Authors: Leister Tim , Bard Sebastian , Seemann Wolfgang 
Published: March 2018

AbstractIn the simulation of gas foil bearing rotor systems, computational time is considered a highly critical aspect. Consequently, a great number of sophisticated foil structure models found in literature reveal to be inapplicable for a fully coupled analysis of the overall system's nonlinear dynamic response. On the other hand, most notably if considering heavily loaded bearings, phenomena such as dry friction within the foil structure cannot be neglected without introducing substantial inaccuracies. To overcome these limitations, the minimal dynamic structure model described in this contribution considers a regularized Coulomb friction law applied to a reduced spring–mass arrangement. After the successful validation against static FE results, a transient simulation is carried out, allowing for interesting insights into the mechanisms behind beneficial energy dissipation. (© 2017 Wiley‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)
Oscillations of a visco‐elastic belt drive
Authors: Steindl Alois 
Published: March 2018

AbstractWe investigate the loss of stability of the steady configuration of a planar visco‐elastic belt drive. The belt is considered as a linearly visco‐elastic slender beam with small bending stiffness, which is driven by a steadily rotating drum. Due to the presence of the small damping parameter and the small bending stiffness, the equations of motion are severly singularly perturbed. By variation of system parameters, like the driving speed, the damping coefficient, the tension force and the radius of the drums, we calculate the steady configuration and the stability limit of the belt. Our calculations show, that the viscous damping, the distributed load and the strong bending at the drums can decrease the critical driving speed significantly and lead to flutter oscillations. (© 2017 Wiley‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)