bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Diversification des institutions financières et risque systémique : la prise en compte des risques extrêmes
Authors: Duport Noëlle , Fina Éric , Goyeau Daniel 
Published: May 2018

Cet article s’intéresse aux effets de la diversification sur le risque systémique, ainsi qu’à ses implications en termes de fonds propres réglementaires dans une optique macroprudentielle. Le risque systémique étudié est celui qui découle d’une exposition commune des établissements bancaires : lorsque ces derniers diversifient leurs activités, les compositions de leur actif convergent, ce qui les rend donc sensibles aux mêmes chocs. Dans ce cadre, l’apport de cet article est triple : premièrement, il analyse l’évolution des fonds propres qui permettrait de compenser l’augmentation du risque d’une crise généralisée ; deuxièmement, il suppose que le rendement de l’actif bancaire suit une loi de Gumbel, ce qui permet de mieux modéliser les risques extrêmes (en particulier sur la queue de distribution gauche) que ne le fait la loi normale ; troisièmement, il analyse l’arbitrage en termes de fonds propres pour risque individuel vs risque systémique résultant de la diversification. Nous pointons ainsi le fait que, dans ce cadre, le régulateur ne peut gérer avec un seul instrument les risques individuel et systémique. En effet, la diversification permet à un établissement bancaire de diminuer son risque individuel et donc, dans une optique microprudentielle, de diminuer son niveau de fonds propres réglementaires. Mais, comme cette stratégie conduit dans le même temps à une augmentation du risque systémique, en vertu de la réglementation macroprudentielle, il devrait en détenir davantage. Les objectifs micro et macroprudentiels peuvent ainsi diverger, et nécessiteraient donc deux instruments de régulation. Classification JEL : G11, G21, G28.
Quelle est la cible ?
Authors: Guinaudeau Isabelle , Costa Olivier 
Published: May 2018

Résumé Pourquoi le pouvoir exécutif présidé par Nicolas Sarkozy a-t-il tenu sa promesse électorale de relever le minimum vieillesse ? Les modèles proposés jusqu’à présent pour analyser le sort des pledges ne permettent pas d’expliquer la réalisation de cet engagement peu saillant, comportant une dimension budgétaire lourde et ne s’inscrivant pas dans les thèmes de prédilection du président. À l’aide de cadres conceptuels issus de l’analyse des politiques publiques distributives et de la sociologie électorale, cet article montre comment le pouvoir exécutif peut convertir des ressources politiques en marges de manœuvre budgétaires. Nous mettons en évidence les conditions qui l’incitent à utiliser cette latitude, en montrant l’influence déterminante des caractéristiques des publics ciblés (en positif et en négatif) par les promesses électorales.
Wrong-Site Surgery in Pediatric Ophthalmology
Authors: Maloley Lauren , Morgan Linda A. , High Robin , Suh Donny W. 
Published: May 2018

Purpose:
To determine the prevalence of pediatric ophthalmologists who have performed wrong-site surgery, propose risk factors leading to these errors, and assess the effectiveness of the Universal Protocol in preventing them.

Methods:
Approximately 1,000 pediatric ophthalmology surgeons were invited to complete an anonymous 10-question survey. Respondents were divided into two groups: those who performed or attempted wrong-site surgery (wrong-site surgery group) and those who had never performed a wrong-site surgery (intended surgical site group). The risk factors (ie, marking procedure, years in practice, surgical experience, adherence to the Universal Protocol time-out, and operating room factors) were compared between groups.

Results:

Of the 156 respondents, 56.4% never performed, 9% attempted, and 34.6% performed a wrong-site surgery. The use of any procedure to mark the eye decreased the likelihood of a wrong-site surgery by 61% (odds ratio [OR] = 0.39;
P
= .069). A lower likelihood of error occurred when a single individual led the time-out and multiple individuals participated in checking the accuracy of the time-out. Surgeons in practice for less than 15 years had a lower likelihood of performing a wrong-site surgery (OR = 0.37; 95% confidence interval [CI] = 0.19 to 0.72;
P
= .003). Factors not significantly associated with wrong-site surgeries were the number of surgeries performed per year (OR = 0.66; 95% CI = 0.35 to 1.24;
P
= .20) and the number of operating rooms used.

Conclusions:
In concordance with previous reports of other surgical specialties, self-reported error in pediatric ophthalmology is not uncommon. This study highlighted important practices that can be easily adopted by surgeons to decrease the likelihood of wrong-site surgeries. First, marking the surgical site must be part of the preoperative preparation. Second, a single designated individual should lead the time-out and the surgeon should be directly involved in all steps of the time-out process. Third, surgeons who have been in practice for more than 15 years may require additional safeguards to ensure that the correct surgery is performed and to monitor their complacency.

[
J Pediatr Ophthalmol Strabismus
. 2018;55(3):152–158.]
Science Fiction and the Imitation of the Sacred
Authors: Grigg Richard 
Published: May 2018

This book examines science fiction’s relationship to religion and the sacred through the lens of significant books, films, and television shows. It provides a clear account of the larger cultural and philosophical significance of science fiction, and explores its potential sacrality in today’s secular world by analyzing material such as Ray Bradbury’s classic novel The Martian Chronicles, films The Abyss and 2001: A Space Odyssey, and also the Star Trek universe.
Richard Grigg argues that science fiction is born of nostalgia for a truly “Other” reality that is no longer available to us, and that the most accurate way to see the relationship between science fiction and traditional approaches to the sacred is as an imitation of true sacrality; this, he suggests, is the best option in a secular age. He demonstrates this by setting forth five definitions of the sacred and then, in consecutive chapters, investigating particular works of science fiction and showing just how they incarnate those definitions.
Science Fiction and the Imitation of the Sacred also considers the qualifiers that suggest that science fiction can only imitate the sacred, not genuinely replicate it, and assesses the implications of this investigation for our understanding of secularity and science fiction
N and P as ultimate and proximate limiting nutrients in the northern Gulf of Mexico: implications for hypoxia reduction strategies
Authors: Fennel Katja , Laurent Arnaud 
Published: May 2018

Abstract. The occurrence of hypoxia in coastal oceans is a long-standing and growing problem worldwide and is clearly linked to anthropogenic nutrient inputs. While the need for reducing anthropogenic nutrient loads is generally accepted, it is costly and thus requires scientifically sound nutrient-reduction strategies. Issues under debate include the relative importance of nitrogen (N) and phosphorus (P) as well as the magnitude of the reduction requirements. The largest anthropogenically induced hypoxic area in North American coastal waters (of 15 000 ± 5000 km2) forms every summer in the northern Gulf of Mexico where the Mississippi and Atchafalaya rivers deliver large amounts of freshwater and nutrients to the shelf. A 2001 plan for reducing this hypoxic area by nutrient management in the watershed called for a reduction of N loads. Since then evidence of P limitation during the time of hypoxia formation has arisen, and a dual nutrient-reduction strategy for this system has been endorsed. Here we report the first systematic analysis of the effects of single and dual nutrient load reductions from a spatially explicit physical–biogeochemical model for the northern Gulf of Mexico. The model has been shown previously to skillfully represent the processes important for hypoxic formation. Our analysis of an ensemble of simulations with stepwise reductions in N, P, and N and P loads provides insight into the effects of both nutrients on primary production and hypoxia, and it allows us to estimate what nutrient reductions would be required for single and dual nutrient-reduction strategies to reach the hypoxia target. Our results show that, despite temporary P limitation, N is the ultimate limiting nutrient for primary production in this system. Nevertheless, a reduction in P load would reduce hypoxia because primary production is P limited in the region where density stratification is conducive to hypoxia development, but reductions in N load have a bigger effect. Our simulations show that, at present loads, the system is almost saturated with N, in the sense that the sensitivity of primary production and hypoxia to N load is much lower than it would be at lower N loads. We estimate that reductions of 63±18 % in total N load or 48±21 % in total N and P load are necessary to reach a hypoxic area of 5000 km2, which is consistent with previous estimates from statistical regression models and highly simplified mechanistic models.
How does turbulence change approaching a rotor?
Authors: Mann Jakob , Peña Alfredo , Troldborg Niels , Andersen Søren J. 
Published: May 2018

Abstract. For load calculations on wind turbines it is usually assumed that the
turbulence approaching the rotor does not change its statistics as it goes
through the induction zone. We investigate this assumption using a
nacelle-mounted forward-looking pulsed lidar that measures low-frequency wind
fluctuations simultaneously at distances between 0.5 and 3 rotor diameters
upstream. The measurements show that below rated wind speed the low-frequency
wind variance is reduced by up to 10 % at 0.5 rotor diameters upstream and
above rated enhanced by up to 20 %. A quasi-steady model that takes into
account the change in thrust coefficient with wind speed explains these
variations partly. Large eddy simulations of turbulence approaching an
actuator disk model of a rotor support the finding that the slope of the
thrust curve influences the low-frequency fluctuations.
Renal Amyloidosis: A Synopsis of its Clinical Presentation, Diagnosis and Treatment
Authors: Zakharova Elena V. 
Published: May 2018

Amyloidosis is a heterogeneous group of hereditary and acquired diseases in which normally soluble plasma proteins are deposited in the extracellular and/or intracellular space in abnormal, insoluble, fibrillar form. Renal damage is one of the most common features of systemic amyloidosis, and the presentation is most commonly due to the consequences of renal involvement, with proteinuria and progressive renal decline. Progression to end-stage renal failure is common. Early diagnosis of systemic amyloidosis is difficult. Renal amyloidosis typically presents with nephrotic syndrome and/or renal failure. Treatment of AL amyloidosis aims to reduce production of the monoclonal immunoglobulin precursorvia chemotherapy. Current options for treatment include melphalan+dexamethasone or cyclophosphamide-bortezomib-dexamethasone regimens, or in selected patients, high-dose melphalan with autologous stem cell transplantation. The focus of current research is on pharmacological therapy to solubilize amyloid fibrils and increase tissue catabolism of amyloid deposits.
Retarding Chronic Kidney Disease (CKD) Progression: A Practical Nutritional Approach for Non-Dialysis CKD
Authors: Bellizzi Vincenzo , Carrera Juan Jesus , Chauveau Philippe , Cozzolino Mario , Cupisti Adamasco , D'Alessandro Claudia , De Nicola Luca , Fiaccadori Enrico , Johansson Lina , Minutolo Roberto , Molina Pablo , Sezer Siren , Ter Wee Pieter , Teta Daniel , Wanner Christoph , Calella Patrizia , Fouque Denis ,   European Renal Nutrition Working Group of the European Renal Association-European Dialysis Transplant Association (ERA-EDTA)
Published: May 2018

This is a case report on a patient with non-dialysis chronic kidney disease (CKD) in whom several nutritional issues are briefly discussed from a practical point of view. The article is accompanied by an editorial published in this Journal in relation to the 2nd International Conference of the European Renal Nutrition working group at ERA-EDTA—“Retarding CKD progression: readily available through comprehensive nutritional management?”— and focuses on several practical topics associated with the nutritional approach for the conservative treatment of non-dialysis CKD. The article is divided into 3 sections—basic nutritional assessment, nutritional targets, and nutritional follow-up in non-dialysis CKD—linked to 3 consecutive steps of the clinical follow-up of the patient and the related nutritional concerns and intervention. First visit: Baseline nutritional assessment and basic nutritional considerations in non-dialysis chronic kidney disease (CKD) • What nutritional assessment/monitoring for protein-energy wasting (PEW) should be employed? • Is a body mass index (BMI) of 21 kg/m2 adequate? • What phosphate target should be pursued? • What are the nutritional habits in patients with incident CKD? • What protein needs and amount of dietary protein should be pursued? • Does the quality of protein matter? • What amount of dietary salt should be employed? How should this be obtained? • How should normal serum phosphate be achieved? • What diet should be recommended? Is a vegetarian diet an option? Second visit: Major nutritional targets in non-dialysis CKD • Consequences of unintentional weight loss • What is the role of the renal dietitian in helping the patient adhere to a renal diet? Intermediate visits: Nutritional follow-up in non-dialysis CKD • What treatment for calcium/parathyroid hormone (PTH) will affect CKD progression? Final visits: • Would a dietary recall/intensive dietary education improve adherence with the diet? • Would a very-low-protein diet (VLPD)/ketodiet be indicated for this patient?
CSR and Financial Performance: Trick Or Treat? A Longitudinal Study on Holistic CSR Practices
Authors: Salvi Antonio , Petruzzella Felice , Giakoumelou Anastasia 
Published: May 2018

This paper aims to test the impact that a firm’s adopted CSR level has on its financial performance, in terms of accounting, financial and market-based measures. In particular, we employ a panel OLS analysis to test the effect of firm’s sustainable efforts (measured by the “Sustainable score”, a tailor-made variable) on three performance measures: return on assets (ROA), return on equity (ROE) and Tobin’s Q.This work provides for methodological differences that led to divergent research results over existing literature in the field, examining the relationship of interest within three timeframes that exploit underlying dynamics over both long- and short-term horizons. Furthermore, we contributed to current knowledge focusing on the effect of holistic CSR practices on financial performance and examining the impact of the 2007 financial crisis on the relationship. To that end, we have employed a customized measure to represent effective CSR practices that go beyond CSR-washing cases and studies of CSR through single-dimension variables, while quantitatively exploring the relationship of interest within three separate time periods that span both before and after the financial meltdown of 2007.Results highlight a positive relationship between the operating and financial performance of companies and their sustainability commitment. What is more, findings indicate that CSR individual actions do not produce any significant impact on firms’ performance, unless applied jointly through a holistic sustainability strategy. Finally, the relationship between the sustainability level of a firm and its financial performance presents various significance levels and temporal profiles, with the years to follow the financial downturn of 2007 presenting the strongest results as opposed to the absence of important influence during the pre-crisis period.
The Politics and Aesthetics of Rediscovering Heroes of the “Red Classics” in Lianhuanhua of the Reform Era
Authors: Roberts Rosemary 
Published: May 2018

Lianhuanhua (picture story books) became popular in China in the 1920s and 30s and had their golden age between the 1950s and 1970s when many of the “red classic” tales of communist heroes appeared in lianhuanhua form. With the advent of the Reform Era lianhuanhua lost their appeal as television took over popular entertainment and people turned away from the propaganda-style stories of class conflict.
In the new millennium, however, economic and social uncertainty brought nostalgia for the past. The old stories reappeared, often as reprints, but also frequently in remakes and adaptations. It is argued that while the reprints catered to nostalgic longings, the remakes and adaptations addressed themselves to current concerns. In a case study of 2 new lianhuanhua versions of Red Classics, Red Sister-in-law and Who is the most lovable person? this chapter considers how socio-economic change and changing political needs of the Communist Party reshaped each of the lianhuanhua with respect to 1) the content of its textual component through the extension of the original story and 2) the graphic component through a changed aesthetics and politics of portraiture, marking a fundamental shift in the role of the working class as hero, subject and reader.
Delayed bipedicled nasolabial flap in facial reconstruction
Authors: Goh Cindy Siaw-Lin , Perrett Joshua Guy , Wong Manzhi , Tan Bien-Keem 
Published: May 2018

Background The nasolabial flap is ideal for reconstruction of the nasal alar subunit due to its proximity, color and contour match, and well-placed donor scar. When raised as a random-pattern flap, there is a risk of vascular compromise to the tip with increased flap length and aggressive flap thinning. Surgical delay can greatly improve the chances of tip survival, allowing the harvest of longer flaps with greater reach.
Methods We describe our technique of lengthening the nasolabial flap through multiple delay procedures. A bipedicled flap was first raised and then transferred as a unipedicled flap with a 6:1 length-to-width ratio. During the delay process, the flap tip was thinned to the subdermal layer.
Results In our case series of seven patients, defects as far as the medial canthal area and contralateral ala were reconstructed successfully with no incidence of tip necrosis or flap loss. The resultant flaps were thin enough to be folded over for the reconstruction of alar rim defects.
Conclusions We highlight the success of our surgical technique in creating thin and robust nasolabial flaps for the reconstruction of full-thickness defects around the nose.
Efectos de una competición de mountain bike sobre el estado de hidratación en ciclistas amateurs
Authors: Cragnulini F. , Fantuzzi G. 
Published: May 2018

<p>El propósito del presente trabajo fue valorar los cambios en el estado de hidratación en ciclistas amateurs de la disciplina mountain bike (Rally) durante una prueba de un día. <strong>Método:</strong> Se obtuvieron dos muestras de orina, una PRE y otra POST competición en 13 varones de nivel amateur en esta disciplina, en las que se analizó la gravedad específica de la orina (USG) mediante refractómetro. Se registró igualmente el cambio en la masa corporal PRE-POST y se controló el volumen de líquido ingerido durante la competición ad libitum. <strong>Resultados: </strong>Se observó una USG media PRE competición de 1034,33 ±6,8 y POST de 1034 ± 6,6. Una pérdida de masa corporal relativa del 2,6 ± 0,7 % y una tasa de sudoración media de 707,5 ml/h ± 277,9. <strong>Conclusiones:</strong> Los resultados obtenidos indican que los ciclistas evaluados comenzaron y terminaron la competición en estado de deshidratación severa (i.e., USG&gt; 1.020). No obstante, a pesar de comenzar en este estado de deshidratación y disponer de avituallamiento líquido y sólido ad libitum, los ciclistas experimentaron una pérdida de masa corporal superior a un 2% durante el evento competitivo. </p>
Engagement Beyond Critique?
Authors: Nielsen Gritt B. , Jørgensen Nanna Jordt 
Published: May 2018

AbstractIN RESPONSE TO THE IDEALS OF CULTURAL CRITIQUE, COMPLEXITY AND MORAL RELATIVISM PROMOTED IN POSTMODERN ANTHROPOLOGY, DIFFERENT ATTEMPTS HAVE BEEN MADE IN RECENT DECADES TO MAKE ANTHROPOLOGY MORE ‘ENGAGED’ IN THE PROMOTION OF SOCIAL CHANGE. IN THIS ARTICLE, WE FOCUS ON THREE CENTRAL CONTEMPORARY POSITIONS ON ANTHROPOLOGICAL ENGAGEMENT: POLICY-ORIENTED ACTIVIST RESEARCH, FEMINIST-INSPIRED COLLABORATIVE RESEARCH, AND WHAT WE HAVE CHOSEN TO CALL RESEARCH FOR ALTERITY AND ALTERNATIVES. EACH OF THESE APPROACHES HIGHLIGHTS CERTAIN IDEAS OF PARTICIPATION AND THEREBY CONJURE UP PARTICULAR KINDS OF COMMUNITIES TO WORK WITH AND THROUGH. WE DISCUSS THE VALUE AND LIMITATIONS OF THE THREE POSITIONS ON ENGAGEMENT AND ARGUE THAT, IN ALL ITS DIVERSITY, ANTHROPOLOGICAL PARTICIPATORY RESEARCH CAN PLAY AN IMPORTANT ROLE IN CO-CREATING PLATFORMS FOR RESISTANCE AND PROTEST AGAINST VARIOUS FORMS OF DOMINATION AND OPPRESSION WHILE SIMULTANEOUSLY CONTRIBUTING TO PREPARING THE GROUND FOR ALTERNATIVE IMAGINATIONS, DESIRES AND WAYS OF LIVING.
Under the Flyover: Homeless People, Power of Choice and the Practice of Autonomy Through an Exchange Fair
Authors: Santos Luciane Lucas Dos 
Published: May 2018

Abstract
AS IT IS CONSIDERED A FLOW ZONE, NOBODY PAYS ATTENTION TO FLYOVERS IN THE CITIES NOR TO THEIR REGULAR INHABITANTS, HOMELESS PEOPLE. REGARDLESS OF THEIR SOCIAL INVISIBILITY, HOMELESS PEOPLE DO NOT SOLELY ADOPT STRATEGIES TO FIGHT AGAINST MARGINALISATION BUT ALSO ATTEMPT TO ACHIEVE CERTAIN ECONOMIC AUTONOMY. THIS PAPER FOCUSES ON A LOCAL ECONOMIC EXPERIENCE, WHERE HOMELESS PEOPLE, UNDER A LARGE BRAZILIAN FLYOVER, GET TOGETHER TO ACTIVELY PARTICIPATE IN AN EXCHANGE FAIR WHERE A SOCIAL CURRENCY IS USED. I ARGUE THAT WE MUST DRAW ATTENTION TO THE EMERGENCE OF DIFFERENT AND COMPLEX FORMS OF COLLABORATIVE WORK AND COLLECTIVE CONSUMPTION, SINCE THEY MAY RESCUE CITIZENSHIP, PROMOTE A CERTAIN KIND OF ECONOMIC AUTONOMY, AND CONSTITUTE A POWERFUL TOOL AGAINST SOCIAL INVISIBILITY. I ALSO DISCUSS THE DIFFERENT CONSUMPTION PERSPECTIVE THAT HAS BEEN CONSOLIDATED THROUGH THIS INITIATIVE, BY BRINGING FORWARD OTHER FORMS OF CONSUMPTION NOT BASED ON SOCIAL DISTINCTION.