bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Effects of moist‐heat treatments on color improvement, physicochemical, antioxidant, and resistant starch properties of drum‐dried purple sweet potato powder
Authors: Nevara Gita Addelia , Yea Chay Shyan , Karim Roselina , Muhammad Kharidah , Mohd Ghazali Hasanah 
Published: November 2018

AbstractPurple sweet potato (PSP) is sensorially attractive and rich in a valuable source called “anthocyanins,” but this tuberous crop is highly perishable. It is largely found in hot and humid countries, such as the South East Asia region. This study applied the drum drying technique to turn PSP into a shelf‐stable powder product, wherein an issue related to severe discolouration (browning) was identified. Hence, two moist‐heat pretreatments, namely boiling and steaming, were performed prior to drum drying. The effects of pretreatment on color changes, physicochemical, antioxidant, and resistant starch properties in the final product were analyzed. Both pretreatments had successfully retained the purplish color in the final product, in which steaming displayed better effects when compared with boiling in powder yield (243.02 g/100 g vs. 180.87 g/100 g), total anthocyanin content (121.71 mg/100 g vs. 83.72 mg/100 g), and resistant starch content (3.06 g/100 g vs. 2.53 g/100 g). The study outcomes demonstrated the capability of steaming in producing PSP powder that retained the original color and the health‐promoting compounds (i.e., anthocyanins and resistant starch), which appeared to be better than boiling, thus pretreatment on PSP prior to drum drying is highly recommended.Practical applicationsThis study successfully tackles the browning issue identified in purple sweet potato processing, via two simple and straightforward heating methods; boiling and steaming. The tuber is turned into a shelf‐stable, ready‐to‐use powder that acts as a thickener in soups, bakeries and fabricated snacks. The final powder product displays an attractive purplish color, exceptional functionality (in terms of water absorption capacity) and is loaded with health‐promoting compounds including antioxidant and resistant starch. These findings proved that moist‐heat treatments retain the purplish color, anthocyanins and resistant starch content in drum‐dried purple sweet potato powder well and provide additional health benefits besides acting as an ordinary food thickener.
Perception of biological motions is preserved in people with autism spectrum disorder: electrophysiological and behavioural evidences
Authors: Sotoodeh M. S. , Taheri‐Torbati H. , Sohrabi M. , Ghoshuni M. 
Published: November 2018

AbstractBackgroundThere have been some controversies over the ability of individuals with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) to perceive biological motion. In this study, we used electroencephalography and behavioural measures (recognition test) to examine whether or not children with ASD can correctly identify biological motion.MethodTwenty participants with ASD (mean = 11.3, SD = 2.1 years) and 20 typically developed (TD) participants (mean = 11.4, SD = 2.8 years) participated in the study. They watched videos and point light displays of actions, and their EEG was recorded. Then they answered action recognition test, and their accuracy and response times were recorded.ResultsOur findings showed that children with ASD had the same mu suppression as a TD age‐matched control group in both point light display and video presentations. Furthermore, the results showed that while TD and ASD groups did not differ in accuracy, ASD participants had a slower reaction time.ConclusionTaken together, our results indicate that the perception of non‐emotional BMs is preserved in children with ASD.
Effects of a topical lotion containing aminophylline, caffeine, yohimbe, l‐carnitine, and gotu kola on thigh circumference, skinfold thickness, and fat mass in sedentary females
Authors: Escalante Guillermo , Bryan Patrick , Rodriguez Juan 
Published: November 2018

AbstractBackground and objectiveTopical aminophylline, caffeine, yohimbe, l‐carnitine, and gotu kola (Centella asiatica) may aid in reducing body fat. Lipoxyderm™ contains these ingredients and was used to test if fat loss of the thigh, in conjunction with a low intensity exercise program and restricted calorie intake, was enhanced via the topical application of this lotion.MethodsThis was a double‐blind, placebo‐controlled, within‐group study that investigated the effects of Lipoxyderm™ on thigh fat mass, circumference, and skinfold thickness. Seven participants underwent pre/post‐exercise testing for weight, bilateral thigh circumference/skinfold thickness, and body composition/thigh fat mass assessment via dual‐energy X‐ray absorptiometry. Participants followed a hypocaloric diet, walked 150 minutes/wk, and were randomly assigned to apply a placebo to one leg and Lipoxyderm™ to their other leg for 28 days. Separate two‐way mixed factorial repeated measures ANOVAs were used to compare the effects of Lipoxyderm™ to the placebo on thigh circumference, skinfold thickness, and fat mass.ResultsA significant time x group interaction was found for thigh circumference (F1,6 = 18.2, P = 0.005), skinfold thickness (F1,6 = 14.6, P = 0.009), and fat mass (F1,6 = 37.1, P = 0.001).ConclusionsA twice‐daily topical application of Lipoxyderm™ for 28 days compared to a placebo combined with a walking program and a restricted caloric intake is more effective at reducing thigh circumference (1.2 vs 0.8 cm), thigh skinfold thickness (3.7 vs 2.0 mm), and thigh fat mass (100.0 g vs 57.3 g).
An open‐label, single‐site study to evaluate the tolerability, safety, and efficacy of using a novel facial moisturizer for preparation and accelerated healing pre and post a single full‐face radiofrequency microneedling treatment
Authors: Zahr Alisar S. , Kononov Tatiana , Sensing Whitney , Biron Julie A. , Gold Michael H. 
Published: November 2018

SummaryBackgroundSkincare cosmeceutical products have been shown to address intrinsic and extrinsic skin aging. Radiofrequency (RF) with microneedling is effective and safe in improving skin laxity and texture. Pairing skincare cosmeceutical products pre‐ and post‐procedure is beneficial as it enhances patient results, patient results, patient experience, and reduces patient downtime.ObjectiveTo evaluate the tolerability, safety, and efficacy of a multi‐ingredient anti‐aging facial moisturizer when applied pre‐ and post‐procedure consisting of a single RF microneedling treatment.MethodFifteen female patients, aged 37‐60, Fitzpatrick skin types I‐IV, with mild‐to‐moderate wrinkles were included in the study. Patients applied a multi‐ingredient anti‐aging facial moisturizer twice a day (morning and night) two weeks prior to RF microneedling and four weeks post‐RF microneedling (twice a day). At each time point, investigator objective assessment, self‐assessments, and clinical photography were taken.ResultThere were no adverse events as evaluated by the investigator. For this combined treatment and procedure patient scored comfort as the highest for satisfaction. Tolerability parameters erythema and edema were reported after RF microneedling treatment and were significant compared to the pre‐procedure timepoint. Eighty percent of patients showed an improvement in Glogau Wrinkle Scale, but improvement was not statistically significant between baseline and end of study. Improvements in all skin attributes (radiance, tone, smoothness, texture, redness, dryness, and overall appearance) were statistically significant at the end of the study. Self‐perceived skin attribute improvements included overall improvement, brightness, texture, pigmentation, redness, and tightness. The combination of the anti‐aging facial moisturizer and RF microneedling was recommended by the patients in this study.ConclusionThis clinical study positively supports the hypothesis that combining the multi‐ingredient anti‐aging facial moisturizer pre‐ and post‐RF microneedling was safe and tolerable for the patients.
Cerebral blood flow modulations during antisaccade preparation in chronic hypotension
Authors: Duschek Stefan , Hoffmann Alexandra , Montoro Casandra I. , Bair Angela , Reyes del Paso Gustavo A. , Ettinger Ulrich 
Published: November 2018

AbstractIn addition to symptoms including fatigue, dizziness, reduced drive, or mood disturbance, individuals with chronic low blood pressure (hypotension) frequently report cognitive complaints. While attentional deficits have been empirically confirmed, it is still unknown whether the impairments also encompass executive functions. This study investigated cerebral blood flow modulations in hypotension during a precued antisaccade/prosaccade task requiring the executive function of proactive inhibition in addition to preparatory attention. Using functional transcranial Doppler sonography, bilateral blood flow velocities in the middle cerebral arteries (MCA) were recorded in 39 hypotensive and 40 normotensive participants. In the task, a stimulus appeared left or right of a fixation point 5 s after a cuing stimulus; subjects had to move their gaze to the mirror image position of the stimulus (antisaccade) or toward it (prosaccade control condition). Video‐based eye tracking was used for ocular recording. A right dominant MCA blood flow increase arose during task preparation, which was smaller in hypotensive than normotensive participants. In addition, hypotensive participants exhibited lower peak velocity of the saccadic response. The extent of the reductions in blood flow and task performance in hypotension did not differ between antisaccade and prosaccade conditions. The smaller MCA flow increase may reflect reduced activity in the dorsolateral prefrontal and inferior parietal cortices during proactive inhibition and preparatory attention in hypotension. Given that group differences in blood flow and performance arose independent of task complexity and executive function load, hypotension may be characterized by basic attentional impairments rather than particular executive function deficits.
The Nation as Propertied Community: The Emergence of Nationalism in the United States and Norway
Authors: Fuglestad Eirik Magnus 
Published: November 2018

AbstractThis article engages in the debate about the origins and nature of nationalism. The argument is a modernist one, but it qualifies this narrative by focusing on landed property rights as the basis for the emergence and development of nationalism. The argument complements Ernest Gellner's theory of nationalism by suggesting that nationalism was at first a landed agrarian phenomenon which later became ideologically functional to industrial society due to its property assumptions. A historical‐sociological comparative analysis of land rights and national development in the United States and Norway between 1770 and 1884 forms the basis of the argument. The key point is that nationalism emerged as a consequence of the emergence of the more widespread individual ownership of land, which spawned the idea of national popular sovereignty. This original connection to property rights made nationalism ideologically functional for industrial society.
The changes of bamboo pulping waste water residuals in biological treatment process
Authors: Liang Long , Shi Ying Qiao , Fang Guigan , Pan Aixiang , Tian Qinwen , Ran Miao 
Published: November 2018

AbstractThe residuals of the bamboo pulping wastewater were analysed systematically. The COD (chemical oxygen demand) decreased significantly by adding appropriate coagulant (1.5 kg/m3 10% Al2 (SO4)3 as coagulant and 2 mg/L anionic PAM as coagulant aid) to the effluent in secondary sedimentation tank. The study found that hydrolytic bacteria in primary sedimentation tank and balancing tank may increase the ratio of BOD/COD and promote the release of ammonia nitrogen (NH3‐N), which was benefit to further degradation of organic pollutants by aerobic biological treatment. Through optimizing biochemical process and adjusting contents of nitrogen, phosphorus, and mineral elements, the effects of wastewater treatment has been greatly enhanced and the quality of discharged water could met the new national standard GB3544‐2008.
Some Subsystems of Constant-Depth Frege with Parity
Authors: Garlík Michal , Kołodziejczyk Leszek Aleksander 
Published: November 2018

We consider three relatively strong families of subsystems of AC
0
[2]-Frege proof systems, i.e., propositional proof systems using constant-depth formulas with an additional parity connective, for which exponential lower bounds on proof size are known. In order of increasing strength, the subsystems are (i) constant-depth proof systems with parity axioms and the (ii) treelike and (iii) daglike versions of systems introduced by Krajíček which we call PK
c
d
(⊕). In a PK
c
d
(⊕)-proof, lines are disjunctions (cedents) in which all disjuncts have depth at most
d
, parities can only appear as the outermost connectives of disjuncts, and all but
c
disjuncts contain no parity connective at all.

We prove that treelike PK

O
(1)

O
(1)

(⊕) is quasipolynomially but not polynomially equivalent to constant-depth systems with parity axioms. We also verify that the technique for separating parity axioms from parity connectives due to Impagliazzo and Segerlind can be adapted to give a superpolynomial separation between daglike PK

O
(1)

O
(1)

(⊕) and AC
0
[2]-Frege; the technique is inherently unable to prove superquasipolynomial separations.

We also study proof systems related to the system Res-Lin introduced by Itsykson and Sokolov. We prove that an extension of treelike Res-Lin is polynomially simulated by a system related to daglike PK
O(1)
O(1)
(⊕), and obtain an exponential lower bound for this system.
LncRNA-MM2P Identified as a Modulator of Macrophage M2 Polarization
Authors: Cao Ji , Dong Rong , Jiang Li , Gong Yanling , Yuan Meng , You Jieqiong , Meng Wen , Chen Zhanlei , Zhang Ning , Weng Qinjie , Zhu Hong , He Qiaojun , Ying Meidan , Yang Bo 
Published: November 2018

Abstract
M2 polarization of macrophages is essential for their function in immunologic tolerance, which might promote tumorigenesis. However, the molecular mechanism behind the polarization process is not fully understood. Given that several lines of evidence have suggested that long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) could be involved in regulating immune cell differentiation and function, the current study aimed to identify the lncRNAs that specifically modulate M2 macrophage polarization. By utilizing a series of cell-based M2 macrophage polarization models, a total of 25 lncRNAs with altered expression were documented based on lncRNA microarray-based profiling assays. Among them, lncRNA-MM2P was the only lncRNA upregulated during M2 polarization but downregulated in M1 macrophages. Knockdown of lncRNA-MM2P blocked cytokine-driven M2 polarization of macrophages and weakened the angiogenesis-promoting feature of M2 macrophages by reducing phosphorylation on STAT6. Moreover, manipulating lncRNA-MM2P in macrophages impaired macrophage-mediated promotion of tumorigenesis, tumor growth in vivo, and tumor angiogenesis. Collectively, our study identifies lncRNA-MM2P as a modulator required for macrophage M2 polarization and uncovers its role in macrophage-promoted tumorigenesis.
PD-L1 microSPECT/CT Imaging for Longitudinal Monitoring of PD-L1 Expression in Syngeneic and Humanized Mouse Models for Cancer
Authors: Heskamp Sandra , Wierstra Peter J. , Molkenboer-Kuenen Janneke D.M. , Sandker Gerwin W. , Thordardottir Soley , Cany Jeannette , Olive Daniel , Bussink Johan , Boerman Otto C. , Dolstra Harry , Aarntzen Erik H.J.G. , Hobo Willemijn A. 
Published: November 2018

Abstract
Antibodies that block the interaction between programmed death ligand 1 (PD-L1) and PD-1 have shown impressive responses in subgroups of patients with cancer. PD-L1 expression in tumors seems to be a prerequisite for treatment response. However, PD-L1 is heterogeneously expressed within tumor lesions and may change upon disease progression and treatment. Imaging of PD-L1 could aid in patient selection. Previously, we showed the feasibility to image PD-L1+ tumors in immunodeficient mice. However, PD-L1 is also expressed on immune cell subsets. Therefore, the aim of this study was to assess the potential of PD-L1 micro single-photon emission tomography/computed tomography (microSPECT/CT) using radiolabeled PD-L1 antibodies to (i) measure PD-L1 expression in two immunocompetent tumor models (syngeneic mice and humanized mice harboring PD-L1 expressing immune cells) and (ii) monitor therapy-induced changes in tumor PD-L1 expression. We showed that radiolabeled PD-L1 antibodies accumulated preferentially in PD-L1+ tumors, despite considerable uptake in certain normal lymphoid tissues (spleen and lymph nodes) and nonlymphoid tissues (duodenum and brown fat). PD-L1 microSPECT/CT imaging could also distinguish between high and low PD-L1–expressing tumors. The presence of PD-L1+ immune cells did not compromise tumor uptake of the human PD-L1 antibodies in humanized mice, and we demonstrated that radiotherapy-induced upregulation of PD-L1 expression in murine tumors could be monitored with microSPECT/CT imaging. Together, these data demonstrate that PD-L1 microSPECT/CT is a sensitive technique to detect variations in tumor PD-L1 expression, and in the future, this technique may enable patient selection for PD-1/PD-L1–targeted therapy.
ВІКОВІ ОСОБЛИВОСТІ ЖИРНОКИСЛОТНОГО СКЛАДУ ЛІПІДІВ СИРОВАТКИ КРОВІ ЩУРІВ З ОЖИРІННЯМ ПРИ ВПЛИВІ ЙОДУ
Authors: Kopchak N. H. , Pokotylo O. S. 
Published: November 2018

Вступ. У статті наведено нові дані про вікові особливості складу жирних кислот загального вмісту ліпідів сироватки крові білих щурів-самців з експериментальним аліментарним ожирінням у порівняльному ефекті внутрішньошлункового введення біологічно активного йоду в складі йодіс-концентрату і неорганічного йоду в складі йодомарину.
Мета дослідження – вивчити порівняльний ефект біологічно активного йоду в складі йодіс-концентрату і неорганічного йоду в складі йодомарину на вміст жирних кислот загального вмісту ліпідів сироватки крові білих щурів-самців з експериментальним аліментарним ожирінням.
Методи дослідження. Експериментальне аліментарне ожиріння моделювали протягом 45 днів на 48 білих щурах-самцях лінії Вістар різних вікових груп. Тварин поділили на 3 вікові групи по 16 щурів у кожній: 1-ша – віком 3 місяці; 2-га – 4 місяці; 3-тя – 6,5 місяця. У кожній віковій групі було 4 підгрупи: 1-ша – контрольна, тварини якої перебували на основному раціоні віварію; 2-га, 3-тя і 4-та – щури з експериментальним аліментарним ожирінням. Крім того, тваринам 3-ї групи внутрішньошлунково вводили біологічно активний йод у складі йодіс-концентрату, а щурам 4-ї групи – неорганічний йод у формі калію йодиду в складі йодомарину. Жирнокислотний склад визначали методом газорідинної хроматографії на газовому хроматографі HewlettPackardHP-6890 з полум’яно-іонізаційним детектором, обладнаному капілярною колонкою SP-2380, довжиною 100 м (Supelco).
Результати й обговорення. У сироватці крові білих щурів усіх вікових груп з експериментальним аліментарним ожирінням спостерігали збільшення відносного вмісту насичених жирних кислот, головним чином за рахунок стеаринової кислоти, порівняно з інтактними тваринами. У щурів з експериментальним аліментарним ожирінням, які отримали йодомарин та йодіс-концентрат, результати були кращими відносно тварин 2-ї підгрупи.
Висновок. Йод позитивно впливає на склад жирних кислот загального вмісту ліпідів сироватки крові білих щурів-самців з експериментальним аліментарним ожирінням.
ЗМІНИ ПОКАЗНИКІВ ОКИСНОГО ГОМЕОСТАЗУ У ХВОРИХ НА КИСЛОТОЗАЛЕЖНІ ЗАХВОРЮВАННЯ ПРИ ЛІКУВАННІ
Authors: Ponomarenko L. A. , Lykholat O. A. , Ponomarenko О. A. 
Published: November 2018

Вступ. Гастроезофагеальна рефлюксна хвороба (ГЕРХ) та пептична виразка (ПВ) дванадцятипалої кишки (ДПК), які належать до групи кислотозалежних захворювань (КЗЗ), залишаються найбільш розпов­сюдженими серед гастроентерологічної патології. Основним патогенетичним компонентом даних хвороб, що призводить до розвитку ускладнень та рецидивів, є оксидативний стрес. Натепер актуальним є пошук препаратів, здатних впливати на системи антиоксидантного захисту в пацієнтів із КЗЗ.
Мета дослідження – вивчити стан систем окисного гомеостазу в пацієнтів із кислотозалежними захворюваннями при лікуванні з використанням базових схем та включенні до базової терапії глутаргіну.
Методи дослідження. Обстежено 28 пацієнтів з ГЕРХ та 23 хворих на ГЕРХ, поєднану з ПВ ДПК. Залежно від терапевтичних схем кожну групу було поділено на 2 підгрупи: пацієнти, які отримували базове лікування, та хворі, до традиційних базових схем яких включали глутаргін. До початку лікування та після його закінчення в крові хворих визначали рівень ТБК-активних продуктів (ТБК-АП), активність супер­оксиддисмутази (СОД), каталази (Кат), глутатіонпероксидази (ГПО), глутатіонредуктази (ГР), вміст відновленого глутатіону (ВГ).
Результати й обговорення. Аналіз показників пацієнтів із КЗЗ після лікування свідчить про те, що включення глутаргіну до базової терапії в пацієнтів з ГЕРХ та хворих на ГЕРХ, поєднану з ПВ ДПК, призводило до достовірного зниження рівня ТБК-АП як у плазмі, так і в еритроцитах на тлі активації СОД, Кат, показників системи глутатіону. У хворих, які не одержували глутаргіну, дисбаланс у системі окисного гомеостазу не усувався. Фармакологічний ефект цього лікарського засобу пов’язаний з діючими компонентами, які входять до його складу, а саме L-аргініном і L-глутаматом. Антиоксидантні та мембраностабілізувальні властивості L-аргініну реалізуються через NО-регулювальну систему, L-глутамат активує синтез глутатіону.
Висновки. Використання традиційної базової терапії в пацієнтів із кислотозалежними захворюваннями не усуває проявів оксидативного стресу, про що свідчить відсутність достовірних змін показників ліпопероксидації та антиоксидантного захисту. Додавання глутаргіну до базового лікування пацієнтів із гастроезофагеальною рефлюксною хворобою та хворих на гастроезофагеальну рефлюксну хворобу в поєднанні з пептичною виразкою дванадцятипалої кишки дозволяє нівелювати в них депресію ферментативної антиоксидантної ланки, збільшити рівень відновленого глутатіону та нормалізувати показники процесів пероксидного окиснення ліпідів.