bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
FACTORS ASSOCIATED WITH ANXIETY AND DEPRESSION SPECTRUM DISORDERS IN BEHCHET’S DISEASE
Authors: Ovcharov P. S. , Lisitsyna T. A. , Veltishchev D. Yu. , Seravina O. F. , Kovalevskaya O. B. , Glukhova S. I. , Alekberova Z. S. , Nasonov E. L. 
Published: July 2018

Objective: to determine the main factors associated with the development and manifestations of anxiety and depression spectrum disorders (ADSDs) in patients with Behcet’s disease (BD).Subjects and methods. This investigation was conducted within the framework of the interdisciplinary scientific program «Stress factors and mental disorders in rheumatic diseases». A total of 116 patients with BD were examined. Most of them were men (69.8%), whose mean age (M±σ) was 33.4±9.82 years; the median duration of BD was 120.0 [70.0; 192.0] months; 51.9% of the patients were natives of the North Caucasus. All the patients had a reliable diagnosis of BD according to the International Study Group for Behcet’s disease (ISGBD) criteria (1990). Disease activity was assessed using the Behcet’s Disease Current Activity Form (BDCAF); the subjective status of patients was evaluated using the visual analog scale (VAS) for general health assessment. ADSDs were diagnosed by a psychiatrist according to the ICD-10 during semi-structured interviews using the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS), the Hamilton Anxiety Rating Scale (HAM-A), and the Montgomery-Asberg Depression Rating Scale (MADRS). Clinical and psychological techniques were applied to assess cognitive functions (memory, attention, and logical thinking); stress levels were estimated by the 10-Item Perceived Stress Scale (PSS-10).Results and discussion. ADSDs were diagnosed in 91 (78.4%) patients with BD. The predominant RTDs were dysthymia (39.6%) and recurrent depressive disorder (38.4%). Generalized anxiety disorder was found in only 7.69%, a single depressive episode was in 13.2%. Different degrees of cognitive impairment (CI) were observed in 91 (78.4%) patients. Multivariate analysis and linear regression were used to build a predictive model, from which it follows that ADSDs in patients with BD are primarily associated with sleep disorders (β=0.412), asthenia (β=0.149), CI (β=0.137), chronic stress (β=-0.010) and its severity (β=0.134), early childhood psychic trauma (ECPT) before the age 7 years (β=0.152), the development of ADSD before the onset of BD (β =0.160), older age of eye involvement in the pathological process (β=0.089), gastrointestinal tract (GIT) involvement within BD (β=0.096), high C-reactive protein (CRP) levels (β=0.177), and poor subjective status of patients (β=0.120) (area under the ROC-curve, 0.940).Conclusion. Chronic ADSDs are encountered with high frequency in patients with BD and frequently occur simultaneously with the latter or during its development. Their occurrence is favored to the greatest extent by ECPT and obvious chronic psychosocial stress preceding ADSDs. GIT involvement, late-onset ocular pathology, high CRP levels, and poor subjective status are common to patients with BD and ADSDs. Sleep disorders, asthenic syndrome, and CI are significant in the pattern of ADSDs.
IMPACT OF ANTIRHEUMATIC THERAPY ON THE LEVEL OF N-TERMINAL PRO-BRAIN NATRIURETIC PEPTIDE IN PATIENTS WITH EARLY RHEUMATOID ARTHRITIS
Authors: Kirillova I. G. , Novikova D. S. , Popkova T. V. , Udachkina E. V. , Markelova E. I. , Novikov A. A. , Gorbunova Yu. N. , Volkov A. V. , Luchikhina E. L. , Demidova N. V. , Borisova M. A. , Lukina G. V. 
Published: July 2018

Objective: to investigate the impact of antirheumatic therapy carried out according to the treat-to-target (T2T) principle on the time course of changes in NT-proBNP levels in patients with early rheumatoid arthritis (RA) over an 18- month follow-up period.Subjects and methods. The investigation enrolled 74 patients, comprising 56 (74%) women (median age, 54 years) with a reliable diagnosis of RA (ACR/AULAR criteria (2010)) (disease duration, 7 months); who were seropositive for IgM rheumatoid factor (87%) and/or anti-cyclic citrullinated peptide antibodies (100%) and had not previously taken disease-modifying antirheumatic drugs (DMARDs) and glucocorticoids. All the patients started therapy with subcutaneous methotrexate (MTX), with escalation of the dose to 25-30 mg/week; in the absence of any effect after 3 months, biological agents (BAs) were added in 47 (71%) patients. Following 18 months, 44% of patients achieved RA remission; 51 patients (77%) received cardioprotective therapy. NT-proBNP levels were measured in 66 patients with early RA before and 18 months after treatment. The NT-proBNP value <125 pg/ml was taken to be normal.Results and discussion. During antirheumatic therapy, there was a decrease in the median level of NT-proBNP from 125 [65; 208] to 68 [33; 115] pg/ml (p < 0.05) and in the frequency of its elevated values from 49 to 21% (p < 0.02). In the patients with RA remission, there was a more pronounced decrease in the frequency of elevated NT-proBNP values (from 45 to 7%; p < 0.05), while in those who had not achieved RA remission, NT-proBNP values showed only a tendency to decrease (from 51 to 32%; p < 0.05). The level of NT-proBNP became normal in the patients who had achieved remission of RA during treatment. There was no progression of the existing chronic heart failure (CHF) or development of its new cases.Conclusion. A significant decrease in NT-proBNP levels was recorded during antirheumatic therapy performed according to the T2T strategy, especially when using a combination of MTX+BAs and achieving RA remission. Therapy with MTX and BAs did not lead to the worsening of CHF or to the development of its new cases in patients with early RA.
VALIDATION OF THE EQ-5D-5L VERSION IN RUSSIA
Authors: Akulova A. I , Gaydukova I. Z. , Rebrov A. P. 
Published: July 2018

The paper discusses the process for validation of the Russian-language EQ-5D-5L version to assess quality of life. According to international and national guidelines, the primary goal of treating spondyloarthritis (SpA) is to preserve the quality of life (QOL) of a patient as long as possible, by achieving control of the main symptoms of the disease and inflammation, by preventing the development and progression of structural changes in the locomotor system, and by preserving/normalizing the patient's functional activity and social adaptation. QOL is the integral characteristic of the physical, psychological, social and emotional status of the patient, which is assessed on the basis of his subjective perception. At the moment, there are no generally accepted national tools for assessing QOL in Russia, so the problem of adaptation and validation of international questionnaires is very actual.Objective: to evaluate the psychometric properties of the Russian-language EQ-5D-5L version in patients with SpA.Subjects and methods. Examinations were made in 163 patients older than 18 years with axial or peripheral SpA, who met the Assessment of Spondyloarthritis International Society (ASAS) criteria. The disease activity was assessed using the Bath Ankylosing Spondylitis Disease Activity Index (BASDAI) and the Ankylosing Spondylitis Disease Activity Score (ASDAS); their functional status was estimated by the Bath Ankylosing Spondylitis Functional Index (BASFI), and spinal mobility was evaluated by the Bath Ankylosing Spondylitis Metrology Index (BASMI). The ASAS Health Index (HI) was used to comprehensively analyze the impact of SpA on the patient's health. The EQ-5D-5L version was employed for the first time in Russia to assess the quality of life of patients. Its main psychometric properties, such as reproducibility, validity, sensitivity, were evaluated.Results and discussion. The median age of the patients was 39.50 [28.00; 48.00] years. Among them, there were 64.8% of men. The median value of EQ-5D (a 5L version) was 0.53 [0.29; 0.65]. There were statistically significant relationships between the EQ-5D-5L values and BASDAI, BASFI, ASDAS, BASMI, ASAS HI, and the SF-36 questionnaire for QOL assessment. The test-retest reliability study showed that the internal consistency (Cronbach's alpha) was 0.96. The median value of the EQ-5D-5L was 0.55 [0.37; 0.63] at the first visit and 0.60 [0.40; 0.69] at the second visit after prescribing therapy (p = 0.01).Conclusion. The validation has indicated that the EQ-5D-5L version is a reliable, change-sensitive, easy-to-use, and physician-patient-friendly tool to assess QOL.
Blow-up solutions for fully nonlinear equations: Existence, asymptotic estimates and uniqueness
Authors: Mohammed Ahmed , Rădulescu Vicenţiu D. , Vitolo Antonio 
Published: July 2018

AbstractThe primary objective of the paper is to study the existence, asymptotic boundary estimates and uniqueness of large solutions to fully nonlinear equationsH⁢(x,u,D⁢u,D2⁢u)=f⁢(u)+h⁢(x){H(x,u,Du,D^{2}u)=f(u)+h(x)}in boundedC2{C^{2}}domainsΩ⊆ℝn{\Omega\subseteq\mathbb{R}^{n}}. HereHis a fully nonlinear uniformly elliptic differential operator,fis a non-decreasing function that satisfies appropriate growth conditions at infinity, andhis a continuous function on Ω that could be unbounded either from above or from below. The results contained herein provide substantial generalizations and improvements of results known in the literature.
Law applicable to Distribution Contracts and Contracts of Sale – Relationship between Framework Agreement and Application Contracts
Authors: Wójtowicz Ewa 
Published: July 2018

Abstract
Distribution networks are widely used in the international trade as a tool for bringing another party’s products on to the market. However, in international business relations it may be difficult to establish the governing law for distribution agreements and contracts of sale. This article analyses the rules for determining the law applicable to distribution agreements and determines the impact of these rules and the law applicable to a distribution agreement on the applicable law for the sales contracts formed under the agreement. The thesis of the article is that the specific nature of distribution agreements manifesting itself in a bond between distributorship (as a framework agreement) and contracts of sale (as the application contracts) has implications for the determination of the applicable law for the sales contracts.
Wenarration in Chang-rae Lee’sOn such a full seaand Julie Otsuka’sThe Buddha in the attic: “Unnaturally” Asian American?
Authors: Munos Delphine 
Published: July 2018

AbstractThis essay looks at two recent Asian American texts written in the first-person plural – namely Julie Otsuka’sThe Buddha in the attic(2011) and Chang-rae Lee’sOn such a full sea(2014). Its main goal is to show that the ambiguities and tensions here generated bywenarration prove particularly apt when it comes to calling into question essentialist views concerning the anatomy of community-building. But my contention is that these twowetexts are particularly interesting at a theoretical level, too, in that they help us challenge the orthodoxies of traditional narrative theory – among which Gérard Genette’s all-too-rigid distinction between the homo- and heterodiegetic levels in a text, or the generalized assumption, which has been notably challenged by Mieke Bal, that every act of story-telling is necessarily indebted to ‘a’ narrator, and a narrator of anthropomorphic standards at that.
Re-imagining first-person narrative as a collective voice in John Edgar Wideman’sSent for you yesterday
Authors: Beaulieu Steve 
Published: July 2018

AbstractThis article considers the “narrating-I” in African American fiction, reexamining its significance for narratological and sociopolitical theorizations of literature. First-person narratives can normally be understood as autodiegetic, in which the narrators present their experiences from their own perspectives at the expense of access to the viewpoints of other characters. However, African American narratives sometimes present their readers with first-person narrators who are seemingly more omniscient. Able to slip across the boundaries that demarcate their experience from that of others, these narrators can adopt the subject positions of other characters, shifting narrative focalization in ways that would normatively be impossible. Unlike “we” narratives that rely on the first-person plural to evoke collective storytelling, these works pluralize an otherwise singular narrator into a different sort of collective multiplicity. This paper argues that this plurality and multiplicity problematize the limitations of first-person narration, and in so doing resonate with issues surrounding the sociopolitical imagining of community. Through an investigation into the innovative narrative structures of John Edgar Wideman’sSent for you yesterday, this paper thus hopes to contribute to ongoing conversations in narrative studies by reassessing its standard narrative frameworks, as well as argue for the applicability of narratology to contemporary sociopolitical thought.
The world that wasn’t there: Interstitial ontological spaces in contemporary video games
Authors: Edrei Shawn 
Published: July 2018

Abstract
This paper will examine three contemporary video games – Undertale, The magic circle and Pony Island – with an eye towards delineating the ways in which their unique storyworlds and ontological structures align with recent trends in unnatural narratology. Specifically, these games contain interstitial diegetic spaces, and empower the player to move through ‘cracks’ in the façade of the fictional world by acting as a metaphorical programmer, manipulating game files and other extradiegetic components. The metaleptic processes enabled by these actions expose aspects of the respective storyworlds which have been deliberately concealed. Consequently, the games in question literalize existing theories regarding our projection and cognitive exploration of fictional worlds, as they are singular in their capacity for experimentation and transgression of established ontological frameworks.
Reduced endogenous pain inhibition in adolescent girls with chronic pain
Authors: Chrétien Raphaëlle , Lavoie Sarah , Chalaye Philippe , de Vette Emmanuelle , Counil François-Pierre , Dallaire Frédéric , Lafrenaye Sylvie 
Published: July 2018

Abstract

Background and aims
Chronic pain is affecting a growing number of individuals including adolescents. Different endogenous pain inhibitory systems could confer protection against development of chronic pain. Decreased pain perception can be observed following intense pain (i.e. conditioned pain modulation – CPM) or after physical exercise (i.e. exercise-induced analgesia – EIA). Reduced effectiveness of pain inhibitory mechanisms have been reported in several chronic pain conditions. However, the extent of these dysfunctions has not been thoroughly investigated in adolescents suffering from chronic pain. Our hypothesis was that adolescents suffering from chronic pain have less effective CPM and EIA than pain-free teenagers.

Methods
Twenty-five healthy adolescent girls and 16 teenage girls with chronic pain participated in this study. Only girls were included in this investigation, since chronic pain is more prevalent in females. The effectiveness of CPM was assessed by comparing heat pain stimulations (individually adapted to induce mild pain intensity) performed with a thermode before and after a cold pressor test (CPT; 2 min, 10 °C). EIA was evaluated by comparing pain intensity produced by an ice cube placed on the forearm before and after a graded exercise test on a cycle ergometer.

Results
Pain intensity produced by heat pain stimulations decreased following CPT in healthy (p<0.05), but not in chronic pain adolescent girls (p=0.4). Pain intensity induced by the ice cube was reduced after exercise in healthy (p<0.05), but not in chronic pain adolescents (p=0.9). The effectiveness of CPM and EIA was inferior in teenage girls suffering from chronic pain compared to healthy participants (p<0.05).

Conclusions
Endogenous pain inhibitory mechanisms triggered by intense pain or by physical exercise are effective in healthy adolescent girls. Teenage girls living with chronic pain do not show diminished pain perception after a CPT or a graded exercise test. These results suggest that pain inhibitory mechanisms such as CPM and EIA are ineffective in adolescent girls suffering from chronic pain.

Implications
In a wider context, the findings of the present research could help understand better the mechanisms involved in the development of chronic pain. Improved comprehension of this subject might help prevent chronic pain conditions and thus, reduce the negative impacts of this burden.
MAGNETIC RESONANCE IMAGING OF THE LIVER AND SPLEEN IN THE DIAGNOSIS OF STORAGE DISEASES (literature review)
Authors: Solov’eva A. A. , Yatsyk G. A. , Dzhulakyan U. L. , Lukina E. A. 
Published: July 2018

Storage diseases (thesaurismosis, storage reticuloses) are the complex and extensive group of diseases in which differential diagnosis of pathological changes from the internal organs is difficult. For diagnosis and dynamic observation of liver and spleen lesions, ultrasound and X-ray computed tomography are used among imaging techniques. Among the imaging techniques for diffuse liver diseases, ultrasonography and X-ray computed tomography are most commonly used for their diagnosis and follow-up. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) has the highest sensitivity and specificity in diagnosing liver diseases.The article considers the current MRI procedures that are used to diagnose storage diseases and to quantify found changes. For Gaucher disease, the potentials of such novel technique as magnetic resonance spectroscopy are described. Incorporation of MRI into the examination algorithm for patients with storage diseases will be able to improve the detection of these rare diseases and to monitor the efficiency of performed therapy.
PUBLIC-POLITICAL SITUATION IN THE FAR EAST: CHINESE IN THE SOVIET CONSTRUCTION. 1920-1940th YEARS
Authors: BUGAI N. F. 
Published: July 2018

In the 1990's – 2018 years. In the relations between the two states, radical changes took place in various spheres of management, culture and relations at the individual level of the population of Russia and China. To a greater extent, these were positive links, having common goals, complementing and enriching each other. These contacts were formed historically between the Chinese and the peoples in Russia - the USSR, since 1917, they have moved to a new level. The Chinese acted in the ranks of those who supported the councils, and those of the Chinese who lived on the territory of the Soviet country became also true participants in the ongoing socio-political processes, changes, as well as changes in the culture of peoples, the Soviet, party and national-state construction. Of course, as in this case, there were both difficult periods in relations, sometimes turning into an acute confrontational confrontation, rather, at the interstate level, and light, which was more closely connected with the relations of the Chinese, Russian and other peoples of China and Russia. The Chinese, especially the border provinces, settled for permanent settlement in Russia, and participated in the events that took place during the transformation. Therefore, in order to study these processes, a deeper understanding of their significance for the modern Russian- Chinese world, it is important to know the history of different aspects of life, the processes of formation of friendly relations between neighboring states. Very valuable will be the appeal to the experience of the past, which could be both a positive and negative practice that took place during the development of relations between the Chinese and the local population of the Far East. What can be useful to get and use from this experience, which could help bring peoples closer together, improve their situation, create acceptable living conditions, and provide a basis for the security of states.
PROBLEMS AND PROSPECTS OF DEVELOPMENT OF SOCIAL SUPPORT FOR UNEMPLOYED CITIZENS THROUGH THE PROMOTION OF THEIR SELF-EMPLOYMENT (ON THE EXAMPLE OF IRKUTSK)
Authors: ZIMINA E. V. 
Published: July 2018

The article describes the types and basic concepts of self- employment as a factor in reducing unemployment. Self- employment is studied as a Central element of the strategy of development of active employment policy in Irkutsk. The factors of formation and development of the process of self-employment in Irkutsk are analyzed. The main characteristic of the program and mechanisms of financing of actions for assistance of self- employment to unemployed citizens in Irkutsk is given. The analysis of the efficiency of selfemployment programs based on the social and statistical analysis. The statistical data reflecting the General level of unemployment, the coefficient of tension in the labor market in Irkutsk and the main indicators characterizing the state of the labor market in the Irkutsk region. The results of the expert survey are presented. The problems and prospects of development of this form of support for unemployed citizens are described. Positive and negative factors of development of this program are revealed. The infrastructure of small business support in Irkutsk is described. The types of activities that are a priority for the city of Irkutsk in the direction of small business development are characterized. Suggestions for improving the activity of employment centers to attract (encourage) the unemployed citizens to start their own small business.
TOLERANCE AS A CONDITION FOR THE DEVELOPMENT OF INCLUSIVE EDUCATION
Authors: NEFEDYEVA I. E. , ZIMINA E. V. 
Published: July 2018

In the article results of sociological research of quality of tolerance and features of tolerant attitudes in the student's environment are resulted. The survey was conducted in the form of a questionnaire survey of students at the Baikal State University. General views of the student youth about tolerance and intolerance, their essential expression were considered. The main types of tolerance are revealed depending on ethnic, psychophysical, demographic and other social characteristics. The estimation of tolerance among students in small social groups is given. The reasons and methods for resolving disagreements and conflicts manifested on the basis of intolerant behavior and relationships were studied. The students' opinion on the level of tolerance in modern society among representatives of different national groups, social strata, different faiths, political opinions, etc. is considered. Particular attention is paid to the manifestation of tolerance towards people with disabilities and limited health opportunities. The reasons for intolerance in relations between different social groups are indicated. The degree of influence on the tolerance of various factors (health, religion, nationality, status, etc.) has been revealed. The students' opinion on the necessity of manifestation (observance) of tolerant attitude to the representatives of certain social groups, in particular, to the disabled, ethnic and religious communities, the low-income and others is considered.