bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Per‐ and polyfluoroalkyl substances in environmental sampling products: Fact or fiction?
Authors: Denly Elizabeth , Occhialini Jim , Bassignani Phil , Eberle Michael , Rabah Nidal 
Published: September 2019

AbstractCan per‐ and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) be transferred from the common field and other commercial products during sampling? Special handling and care are always advised when collecting samples for PFAS analysis to avoid sample contamination. The potential presence of PFAS in common consumer products and in equipment typically used to collect environmental samples, coupled with the need for very low reporting limits heightens this concern. In this paper, the authors investigate what the potential for cross‐contamination is from a number of commonly used products, with the emphasis on evaluating what the possible worst‐case scenario for cross‐contamination could be. Polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE), low‐density polyethylene (LDPE), and high‐density polyethylene (HDPE) tubing, pump bladders, and other materials are evaluated along with associated products such as aluminum foil and plastic storage bags. In the experimental design of this study, the products themselves are not analyzed directly for PFAS. Rather, a series of experiments are performed utilizing a leaching procedure to evaluate the potential for cross‐contamination and false‐positive environmental sampling results. This study was performed in a series of experimental batches over the course of a 1‐year period. Analytical results are presented along with experimental observations and recommendations.
A higher incidence of smooth endoplasmic reticulum clusters with aromatase inhibitors
Authors: Saito Hiroe , Otsuki Junko , Takahashi Hiromi , Hirata Rei , Habara Toshihiro , Hayashi Nobuyoshi 
Published: September 2019

AbstractPurposeThis study aimed to analyze whether a regimen of aromatase inhibitor (AI) could reduce the occurrence of smooth endoplasmic reticulum clusters (sERCs) in oocytes.Method(s)The AI and the clomiphene citrate (CC) regimens were compared, regarding the sERC (+) rates and the serum estradiol and progesterone levels on the date of hCG administration, and the duration of AI, CC, and hMG administration.Result(s)The occurrence of sERCs in oocytes from patients treated with AI was significantly higher than that in oocytes from those treated with CC. Both the serum estradiol and progesterone levels were found to be significantly higher in sERC (+) than in sERC (‐) cycles. With regard to the CC cycles, no significant differences were detected. The duration of AI and hMG administration was longer for sERC (+) than for sERC (‐) cycles.ConclusionAs AI did not reduce the occurrence of sERCs, the elevation of estradiol may not be the cause of sERC occurrence but a consequence. Considering the higher levels of progesterone and longer duration of hMG in sERC (+) cycles, the negative effects of premature luteinization, which frequently occur with the AI protocol, should be investigated further.
Memory sliding mode control for semi‐Markov jump system with quantization via singular system strategy
Authors: Fu Lei , Ma Yuechao , Wang Chunjiao 
Published: September 2019

SummaryThis technical note is concerned with the memory sliding mode stabilization for semi‐Markov jump nonlinear systems with input subject to mismatch quantization. Firstly, a sliding mode surface is constructed such that the sliding motion is stochastic admission in terms of linear matrix inequalities by a singular system strategy. A sufficient condition for the existence of linear memory sliding surfaces is given. Then, the memory sliding‐mode quantized controller designing problem is considered by the designed sliding surface function. Finally, a numerical example illustrates the effectiveness of the proposed method.
Virus‐Templated Nickel Phosphide Nanofoams as Additive‐Free, Thin‐Film Li‐Ion Microbattery Anodes
Authors: Records William C. , Wei Shuya , Belcher Angela M. 
Published: September 2019

AbstractTransition metal phosphides are a new class of materials generating interest as alternative negative electrodes in lithium‐ion batteries. However, metal phosphide syntheses remain underdeveloped in terms of simultaneous control over phase composition and 3D nanostructure. Herein, M13 bacteriophage is employed as a biological scaffold to develop 3D nickel phosphide nanofoams with control over a range of phase compositions and structural elements. Virus‐templated Ni5P4 nanofoams are then integrated as thin‐film negative electrodes in lithium‐ion microbatteries, demonstrating a discharge capacity of 677 mAh g–1 (677 mAh cm–3) and an 80% capacity retention over more than 100 cycles. This strong electrochemical performance is attributed to the virus‐templated, nanostructured morphology, which remains electronically conductive throughout cycling, thereby sidestepping the need for conductive additives. When accounting for the mass of additional binder materials, virus‐templated Ni5P4 nanofoams demonstrate the highest practical capacity reported thus far for Ni5P4 electrodes. Looking forward, this synthesis method is generalizable and can enable precise control over the 3D nanostructure and phase composition in other metal phosphides, such as cobalt and copper.
Landsat 8‐observed water quality and its coupled environmental factors for urban scenery lakes: A case study of West Lake
Authors: Zhu Weining , Huang Litong , Sun Nan , Chen Jiang , Pang Shuna 
Published: September 2019

AbstractUrban scenery lakes are not only popular sites for recreation, water sport, and visit of citizens and tourists, but also function for urban water drainage and storage, and hence, their water quality is a sensitive indicator of urban aquatic environment. This study focused on two important water quality parameters, TSM (total suspended matter) and CDOM (colored dissolved organic matter) in West Lake, a world famous urban scenery lake in Hangzhou, China. Based on Landsat 8 images, remote sensing inversion models for TSM and CDOM in West Lake were compared and the best ones were determined using exponential functions and green/red band ratios. Results show that the accuracy of TSM models is relatively better while CDOM models performed relatively poor, indicating that empirical estimation of CDOM for inland complex waters remains a challenge. The Landsat 8‐derived results in West Lake from 2013 to 2017 show that TSM presented diverse distributions in different sections and months/seasons—the relatively high‐concentration TSM was usually found in the north section and during spring festivals, holidays and summer vacations. These spatiotemporal patterns demonstrate the evidence that TSM in West Lake was highly linked to anthropogenic impacts, such as tourist visits, commercial activities, and urban drainage projects in Hangzhou. The relations between TSM and precipitation were also examined, but no significant correlations were found, showing that the impacts of rainfall on water quality of urban lakes are complicated, and using remote sensing for such studies is still with limitations.Practitioner points

Water quality (TSM and CDOM) of urban scenery lakes is highly influenced by urban tourist activities.

Precipitation and TSM have not found significant relations in urban scenery lakes.

An exponential model based on Landsat 8’s bands 3 and 4 is good for TSM estimation.

CDOM estimation remains a challenge for water color remote sensing in urban scenery lakes.
Prognosticators of Long‐Term Outcomes of TNM Stage II Colorectal Cancer: Molecular Patterns or Clinicopathological Features
Authors: Kuan Tai‐Chuan , Chang Shih‐Ching , Lin Jen‐Kou , Lin Tzu‐Chen , Yang Shung‐Haur , Jiang Jeng‐Kae , Chen Wei‐Shone , Wang Huann‐Sheng , Lan Yuan‐Tzu , Lin Chun‐Chi , Lin Hung‐Hsin , Huang Sheng‐Chieh 
Published: September 2019

AbstractBackgroundPatients with stage II colorectal cancer (CRC) have a higher risk of recurrence when they have certain risk factors, including clinical and pathological patterns. However, as the prognostic role of molecular patterns for stage II disease is still unclear, this study aimed to investigate it.MethodsA total of 509 patients with stage II CRC were enrolled, and all clinical, pathological, and molecular data were collected. Molecular patterns included microsatellite instability (MSI); elevated microsatellite alterations at selected tetranucleotides (EMAST) status; and expression of RAS/RAF genes, genes of the APC pathway, and other gene mutations. The endpoints were oncological outcomes, including overall survival (OS), cancer‐specific survival (CSS), disease‐free survival (DFS), local recurrence (LR), and distant recurrence (DR). Cox regression analysis was used.ResultsNumerous molecular patterns influenced the oncological outcomes on univariate analysis, but no variable reached significance in LR. On multivariate analysis, a mucinous component (MC) > 50% (P < 0.01) was significant for OS and CSS. Lymphovascular invasion (LVI; P< 0.01), MC > 50% (P < 0.01), and EMAST‐H (P = 0.02) significantly influenced DFS, whereas LVI (P < 0.01), MC > 50% (P < 0.01), and TP53 mutation (P = 0.02) were significant for DR.ConclusionsIn this study, MSI, EMAST, and RAS/RAF alterations did not influence the oncological outcomes. Overall, LVI and MC were two significant prognostic factors for DFS and DR. Thus, the histopathology, rather than the genes, plays a major role in the prognosis of patients with stage II CRC.
Outdoor thermal comfort for pedestrians in movement: thermal walks in complex urban morphology
Authors: Vasilikou Carolina , Nikolopoulou Marialena 
Published: September 2019

Abstract
In the discussion of designing for a healthier city, people in movement between interconnected spaces perform a non-sedentary activity enhancing sustainability and well-being. However, adverse weather conditions may create uncomfortable thermal sensations that change or ruin the experience of people walking outdoors. This paper is presenting the findings of a 3-year study on the perceptual variation of thermo-spatial conditions and comfort state for pedestrians moving between interconnected spaces. Thermal walks were organised in two European pedestrian routes of 500-m length. The structured walks were conducted with simultaneous microclimatic monitoring and field surveys of thermal perception based on 314 questionnaires, with a focus on the variation of comfort states. The findings suggest that spaces in sequence do not affect significantly microclimatic variation but have a large impact on the dynamic thermal perception of pedestrians. Interconnected spaces of high density result in a differentiation of thermal pleasantness between streets and squares. The aspect of movement along with complexity in urban morphology along a sequence enhances diversity in thermal sensation. This understanding opens possibilities in developing a multisensory-centred urbanism, where the experience of the thermal environment plays an integral role for perception-driven and healthier urban design.
On the Chemical Potential of Ideal Fermi and Bose Gases
Authors: Cowan Brian 
Published: September 2019

Abstract
Knowledge of the chemical potential is essential in application of the Fermi–Dirac and the Bose–Einstein distribution functions for the calculation of properties of quantum gases. We give expressions for the chemical potential of ideal Fermi and Bose gases in 1, 2 and 3 dimensions in terms of inverse polylogarithm functions. We provide Mathematica functions for these chemical potentials together with low- and high-temperature series expansions. In the 3d Bose case we give also expansions about $$T_{{{{\mathrm {B}}}}}$$

T
B

. The Mathematica routines for the series allow calculation to arbitrary order.
Comparison of â Versus a and Hit/Miss POD-Estimation Methods: A European Viewpoint
Authors: Virkkunen Iikka , Koskinen Tuomas , Papula Suvi , Sarikka Teemu , Hänninen Hannu 
Published: September 2019

Abstract
For estimating the probability of detection (POD) in non-destructive evaluation (NDE), there are two standard methods, the so-called â versus a approach and the hit/miss approach. The two approaches have different requirements for the quality and quantity of input data as well as for the underlying NDE method. There is considerable overlap between the methods, and they have different limitations, so it is of interest to study the differences arising from using each methodology. In particular, if the dataset is not ideal, the methodologies may exhibit different problems dealing with various limitations in the data. In this paper, a comparison between â versus a and hit/miss analysis was completed for two different data sets, a manual aerospace eddy-current inspection and a nuclear industry phased array ultrasonic weld inspection using a simplified online tool. It was found that the two standard methods (â vs. a and hit/miss) may give significantly different results, if the true hit/miss decision is based on inspector judgement and not automated signal threshold. The true inspector hit/miss performance shows significant variance that is not attributable to signal amplitude. Model-assisted POD was not able to model the inspector performance due to lack of representative amplitude threshold and difficulties in capturing true signal variance. The paper presents experience from practical cases and may be considered a European viewpoint.
Historical changes in land use influence current habitat preferences of large herbivores
Authors: Perzanowski Kajetan , Januszczak Maciej , Łopucki Rafał 
Published: September 2019

Abstract

Context
Predicting habitat use patterns is a key issue in the management of large herbivore populations. Particularly, indicators providing a model of the spatial distribution of a population in a simple way, without the necessity of laborious field research, are still being sought. Analysis of historical landscape changes can be one of such predictive tools.

Objectives
We tested the hypothesis that historical changes in land use can be used as an effective factor enabling prediction of spatial distribution. As a case study, data on habitat preferences of European bison Bison bonasus (wisents) were used.

Methods
Spatial distribution of 17302 records of the presence of wisents, collected over the period of 10 years, was compared using contemporary and historical habitat maps for the Bieszczady Mts. (Poland). The area of approx. 87 thousand ha was selected, where the density of human population decreased over four times, and the percentage of forests increased from over 30% to almost 80% due to land abandonment.

Results
Wisents were recorded significantly more frequently in parts of the forest that in the past were used for agriculture. We found that identification of parts of the forest overgrowing former cultivated fields makes it possible to predict the spatial distribution of wisent herds with very high probability.

Conclusions
Information on historical changes in land use can be used as a simple and effective factor enabling prediction of habitat selection by wisents. Such an approach can potentially be useful for similar assessments of other large wild herbivores.
Influence of elicitation procedure and phrasing on health state valuations in experience-based time trade-off tasks among diabetes patients in China
Authors: Hao Shuang , Heintz Emelie , Helgesson Gert , Langenskiöld Sophie , Chen Jiaying , Burström Kristina 
Published: September 2019

Abstract

Purpose
Open-ended and iteration-based time trade-off (TTO) tasks can both be used for valuation of health states. It has so far not been examined how the elicitation procedure affects the valuation of experience-based health states. The purpose of this study is to investigate the influence of elicitation procedure on experience-based health state values elicited by the TTO method.

Methods
156 Chinese adults with type 2 diabetes participated in face-to-face interviews with an open-ended or an iteration-based TTO task. The association between the type of TTO task and the valuation of health states was investigated through multiple linear regression analyses. A modified open-ended TTO task was also developed (n = 33) to test whether different phrasings of open-ended TTO tasks influence TTO values.

Results
Higher TTO values were observed in the original open-ended TTO task compared to the iteration-based task, which indicates that the elicitation procedure influences the valuation of health states. When the modified open-ended task was introduced, the difference between the two elicitation procedures was no longer statistically significant, suggesting that the phrasing and/or visual presentation of the TTO task may influence the valuation of health states.

Conclusions
The choice of elicitation procedure as well as the description of experience-based TTO tasks may influence the valuation of health states. Further research is warranted, also in other cultural contexts, to further explore these findings.
Differentiation of Mesenchymal Stem Cells to Neuroglia: in the Context of Cell Signalling
Authors: George Sajan , Hamblin Michael R. , Abrahamse Heidi 
Published: September 2019

AbstractThe promise of engineering specific cell types from stem cells and rebuilding damaged or diseased tissues has fascinated stem cell researchers and clinicians over last few decades. Mesenchymal Stem Cells (MSCs) have the potential to differentiate into non-mesodermal cells, particularly neural-lineage, consisting of neurons and glia. These multipotent adult stem cells can be used for implementing clinical trials in neural repair. Ongoing research identifies several molecular mechanisms involved in the speciation of neuroglia, which are tightly regulated and interconnected by various components of cell signalling machinery. Growing MSCs with multiple inducers in culture media will initiate changes on intricately interlinked cell signalling pathways and processes. Net result of these signal flow on cellular architecture is also dependent on the type of ligands and stem cells investigated in vitro. However, our understanding about this dynamic signalling machinery is limited and confounding, especially with spheroid structures, neurospheres and organoids. Therefore, the results for differentiating neurons and glia in vitro have been inconclusive, so far. Added to this complication, we have no convincing evidence about the electrical conductivity and functionality status generated in differentiating neurons and glia. This review has taken a step forward to tailor the information on differentiating neuroglia with the common methodologies, in practice.
A Dilemma of Language: “Natural Disasters” in Academic Literature
Authors: Chmutina Ksenia , von Meding Jason 
Published: September 2019

Abstract
For decades sections of the academic community have been emphasizing that disasters are not natural. Nevertheless, politicians, the media, various international organizations—and, more surprisingly, many established researchers working in disaster studies—are still widely using the expression “natural disaster.” We systematically analyzed the usage of the expression “natural disaster” by disaster studies researchers in 589 articles in six key academic journals representative of disaster studies research, and found that authors are using the expression in three principal ways: (1) delineating natural and human-induced hazards; (2) using the expression to leverage popularity; and (3) critiquing the expression “natural disaster.” We also identified vulnerability themes that illustrate the context of “natural disaster” usage. The implications of continuing to use this expression, while explicitly researching human vulnerability, are wide-ranging, and we explore what this means for us and our peers. This study particularly aims to stimulate debate within the disaster studies research community and related fields as to whether the term “natural disaster” is really fit for purpose moving forward.
Latency-Aware Secure Elastic Stream Processing with Homomorphic Encryption
Authors: Rodrigo Arosha , Dayarathna Miyuru , Jayasena Sanath 
Published: September 2019

Abstract
Increasingly organizations are elastically scaling their stream processing applications into the infrastructure as a service clouds. However, state-of-the-art approaches for elastic stream processing do not consider the potential threats of exposing their data to third parties in cloud environments. We present the design and implementation of an Elastic Switching Mechanism for data stream processing which is based on homomorphic encryption (HomoESM). The HomoESM not only elastically scales data stream processing applications into public clouds but also preserves the privacy of such applications. Using a real-world test setup, which includes an E-mail Filter benchmark and a Web server access log processor benchmark (EDGAR), we demonstrate the effectiveness of our approach. Experiments on Amazon EC2 indicate that the proposed approach for homomorphic encryption provides a significant result which is 10–17% improvement in average latency in the case of E-mail Filter benchmark and EDGAR benchmark, respectively. Furthermore, EDGAR add/subtract operations, multiplication, and comparison operations showed up to 6.13%, 7.81%, and 26.17% average latency improvements, respectively. Finally, we evaluate the potential of scaling the homomorphic stream processor in the public cloud. These results indicate the potential for real-world deployments of secure elastic data stream processing applications.
Relu Adrian Coman and Others v. Inspectoratul General pentru Imigrări and Ministerul Afacerilor Interne (C.J.E.U.)
Authors: Tryfonidou Alina 
Published: September 2019

On June 5, 2018, the Court of Justice of the European Union (CJEU or Court) delivered its judgment in the case of Coman. In this important ruling, the Court made it clear that under EU law, the same-sex spouse of an EU citizen can move and reside with the latter in the territory of another EU member state, just as the opposite-sex spouse of an EU citizen can. Although the case is very important in that it was the first time the Court has recognized that same-sex marriages must be treated in exactly the same way as opposite-sex marriages for a specific legal purpose (family reunification rights of EU citizens who exercise EU free movement rights), it creates a number of new questions and highlights a number of gaps that persist even following its delivery.
THE WORLD IN PIECES: AARON EINBOND
Authors: Rutherford-Johnson Tim 
Published: September 2019

AbstractAaron Einbond was born in New York in 1978. He received his compositional education in the US (Harvard, University of California, Berkeley), the UK (Cambridge, Royal College of Music) and France (IRCAM), and his teachers have included Mario Davidovsky, Julian Anderson, Edmund Campion and Philippe Leroux. He currently teaches music composition, sound and technology at City University, London. He is interested in applications of technology within instrumental music, and almost all of his works combine electronics and acoustic instruments. Since 2007 – beginning with his piece Beside Oneself for viola and electronics (first performed by Ellen Ruth Rose), composed while studying at the University of California, Berkeley – he has also used audio analysis and retrieval software to transcribe recorded sounds into instrumental notation.Einbond's interest in phonographic transcription connects his work to that of other composers of his generation, including Patricia Alessandrini, Joanna Bailie, Richard Beaudoin and Cassandra Miller. (It also finds precedents in a wider musical interest in forms of transcription that one can find in the music of composers as diverse as Peter Ablinger, Luciano Berio and Michael Finnissy.) What makes Einbond's work distinctive is his focus on timbre as a musical parameter, rather than more abstract or easily quantifiable values such as pitch.