bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Clinical benefits of partial splenic embolization for cancer patients
Authors: Beppu Toru , Masuda Toshiro , Imai Katsunori , Hayashi Hiromitsu 
Published: November 2024

AbstractPartial splenic embolization (PSE) has developed as an alternative to surgical splenectomy, mainly to improve hypersplenism and esophagogastric varices in cirrhotic patients. We proposed the novel concept that splenic infarction volume, rather than the splenic infarction ratio, is essential for patients receiving PSE. A splenic infarction volume between 388 and 540 mL is suitable for a sufficient increase in platelet count and less severe PSE‐related complications. When restricted to patients with massive splenomegaly >700 mL, the noninfarcted volume of the spleen plays an important role in increasing platelet counts. Based on the splenic volume concept, PSE or laparoscopic splenectomy should be selected. Partial splenic embolization is effective for cancer patients with hypersplenism. Hypersplenism can occur due to portal vein congestion by thrombosis or tumor thrombosis, and hepatic sinusoidal obstruction syndrome after oxaliplatin‐including chemotherapy other than liver cirrhosis. Therefore, PSE has been emphasized as a pretreatment intervention for invasive treatments for cancer patients and is applied synchronously with systemic chemotherapy or chemoembolization for patients with liver malignancies. It was reported that additional PSE on chemoembolization can prolong progression‐free survival for patients with hepatocellular carcinoma. Moreover, PSE can improve liver function and fibrosis, promote liver regeneration, and activate host immunity. Partial splenic embolization can result in thrombocytosis (<200 × 109/L), but this platelet count is unlikely to promote cancer progression. Partial splenic embolization can improve hypersplenism caused by various factors related to the patient's comorbidity and cancer treatment. Our splenic volume concept helps identify appropriate treatment procedures. A proper understanding of PSE and its dissemination is strongly required.
Characterization of the Tyranno SA4 third generation SiC fiber surface and comparison with Tyranno SA3 and HNS fibers
Authors: Braun James , Fellah Clémentine , Labrugère Christine , Vaudescal Mélanie , Sauder Cédric 
Published: November 2024

AbstractWhile presenting similar properties, the Hi‐Nicalon Type S (HNS) and Tyranno SA3 (TSA3) SiC fibers exhibit different mechanical behaviors when used as reinforcement in SiC/SiC composites. Indeed, the HNS‐reinforced composites exhibit a pseudoductile mechanical behavior whereas the TSA3‐based composites show low ductility. Even though the differences in their grain size and surface roughness could explain a part of this phenomenon, the chemical composition and microstructure of the fibers outermost surface play a key role. The recent availability of the new Tyranno SA4 (TSA4) SiC fiber allowed the processing of composites showing the expected pseudoductile mechanical behavior in ceramic matrix composites, even without an interphase. Therefore, this result shows that the TSA4 surface should be different from its predecessors. In order to characterize the surface, X‐ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), auger electron spectroscopy (AES), and transmission electron microscopy (TEM) were performed on the HNS, TSA3, and TSA4 fibers. The presence of an organized boron nitride layer of dozens of nanometers in thickness on the TSA4 fiber surface was evidenced. This layer already acts as an interphase material, guaranteeing cracks deflection, and is responsible for the pseudoductile behavior of composites made of this new fiber, reducing the interfacial shear stress at the fiber/matrix interface.
Behavioral, haematological, and physiological effects of oxygen‐rich spray after simulated catch and release in rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss)
Authors: Ruiz Nuria , Tort Lluis 
Published: November 2024

AbstractThis study investigated the impact of an oxygen‐rich spray on rainbow trout subjected to short‐term air exposure episodes. These episodes can be due to sampling procedures or catch‐and‐release (C&R) practices, focusing on behavioral, haematological, and physiological responses. For this, 12 rainbow trout were divided into two groups: control and oxygen‐rich sprayed fish. The fish were chased for 3 min and exposed to air for 6 s, and blood and behavior parameters were assessed. Simulated C&R resulted in partial physiological reflex impairment across groups. However, sprayed fish exhibited significant differences during recovery in head complex reflex and faster tendencies to regain orientation compared to control. Haematological analyses revealed that the treated group displayed reduced erythrocyte swelling and maintenance of red blood cell (RBC) counts, indicating reduced need for compensatory responses to hypoxia. Meanwhile, stress‐related indicators, including cortisol, glucose, and lactate, remained unaffected by the treatment, suggesting no interference of spraying with the fish ability to launch a healthy stress response. No adverse effects were observed on skin surfaces or gills after an exploratory analysis. Overall, the oxygen‐rich spray exhibited favorable effects, indicating potential benefits in protecting rainbow trout during C&R practices or sampling episodes. Moreover, there is a possible wider application of this methodology to benefit other species of fish subjected to stressors such as aquaculture, research, and fisheries management.
How does an autism diagnosis impact a child and their carer in regional Australia?
Authors: De Grandi Alyssia J , Newsom David H 
Published: November 2024

AimAutism spectrum disorder (ASD) is a common neurodevelopmental disorder. This study aims to investigate the impact of an ASD diagnosis on children and their carers from a regional/rural Australian perspective.MethodsA three‐part survey development study included: (i) Semi‐structured individual ASD carer interviews to identify common themes; (ii) survey development and testing; and (iii) online survey circulation to wider group of carers, for data collection and analysis.ResultsTranscripts from eight carer interviews guided the development of 65 survey questions. The survey was circulated to 316 carers of children diagnosed with ASD. Of the 101 respondents, 95% were female, 86% regional and 12% were rural inhabitants. The average child's age at diagnosis was 6.64 years. Most carers (93%) reported that diagnosis of ASD met their goal, for some an improved understanding of their child's behaviour (39%) and allowing access to therapy (16%), government disability funding (National Disability Insurance Scheme) (19%) and learning support (9%). Some (44%) reported no downsides to an ASD diagnosis; however, 38% reported fears of discrimination, particularly with future relationships (5%) and employment (14%). Barriers included waiting times (16%), costs of appointments (9.9%) and difficulty navigating through the health system (5.9%). Only five participants reported having no costs associated with appointments.ConclusionsCarers had positive attitudes and experiences regarding their child's ASD diagnosis. The benefits outweighed the perceived harms. Barriers to accessing services included waiting times, out‐of‐pocket expenses and travel distance.
Japan's legal framework for copyright protection of AI‐generated works: A comparative law analysis exploring the possibility of Japan's adoption of the UK legislative approach
Authors: Takeuchi Seiya S. 
Published: November 2024

AbstractThis paper examines the legal policy for copyright protection of artificial intelligence (AI) generated‐works that are autonomously created by AI models without a human's creative process in Japan from the perspective of a comparative law analysis between Japan and the United Kingdom. In summary, this paper concludes that the legal policy‐making approach for copyright protection of AI‐generated works within the framework of Japanese copyright law should involve: (a) addressing concerns about legal consistency through careful selection of a legislative measure; and, therefore, (b) directing the focus of legal policy discussions towards considerations of legal eligibility, moving beyond discussions on legal consistency. This entails an analysis of the strict necessity for copyright protection of AI‐generated works within the prevailing social environment in Japan. First, the focal point of the legal eligibility discussions should focus on a possible loss of market demand for human creations and necessity of social defence to human creations (social defence function for human creations logic) in Japan. In addition, based on the social incentive protection theory, it should be emphasised that the second purpose of incorporation of copyright protection for AI‐generated works under Japanese copyright law is to promote future Japanese industry's investment in AI technologies (AI industry's investment promotion logic), which will indirectly contribute to the cultural advancement in society (Berne Convention's cultural advancement logic). The author expects that the conclusion presented in this paper will accelerate more intensive social scientific analysis work on legal eligibility of the legal policy for copyright protection of AI generated‐works.
Generative artificial intelligence is not a mere tool: Revisiting Indonesian Copyright Law
Authors: Nasakti Ghazali Hasan , Dirkareshza Rianda 
Published: November 2024

AbstractGenerative artificial intelligence (GAI) is capable of creating original works with such a remarkable degree of autonomy that it makes no sense to be considered or analogized to traditional technologies that are merely used by humans. The human who provides the initial input (prompt) to the GAI does not make sense to be considered as the author of the GAI's self‐created works. The internal characteristics of GAI that enable it to create its own works and the works per se challenge the four prevailing justifications in Indonesian Copyright Law: the biological humans, the idea‐expression dichotomy, the Hegelian, and the Lockean justifications. This research finds the problem that there is a legal vacuum in the copyright regime in Indonesia regarding the legal status of GAI's self‐ created works. The research uses normative legal research method; with theoretical, symbolic logic legal interpretation––which assists in logical modeling of new legal provisions, comparative law, and conceptual approaches; this research aims to answer the legal lacuna which can be addressed with the proposed solution of placing GAI's self‐created works as sui generis and should be put into the public domain with attribution given to GAI which is logically coherent, efficient, and in line with existing justifications and principles of copyright. However, this research also found that the Indonesian copyright regime itself does not formally acknowledge the concept of public domain, which complicates it compared to the United States Copyright Law, hence the urgency to revise it by adopting and adding a concrete formulation of public domain––as elaborated in this article––which is different from public domain in the informal sense, and then adding the formulation of attribution provisions to GAI.
Systematic review: The gut microbiota as a link between colorectal cancer and obesity
Authors: Ruiz‐Malagón Antonio Jesús , Rodríguez‐Sojo María Jesús , Redondo Eduardo , Rodríguez‐Cabezas María Elena , Gálvez Julio , Rodríguez‐Nogales Alba 
Published: November 2024

SummaryMicrobiome modulation is one of the novel strategies in medicine with the greatest future to improve the health of individuals and reduce the risk of different conditions, including metabolic, immune, inflammatory, and degenerative diseases, as well as cancer. Regarding the latter, many studies have reported the role of the gut microbiome in carcinogenesis, formation and progression of colorectal cancer (CRC), as well as its response to different systemic therapies. Likewise, obesity, one of the most important risk factors for CRC, is also well known for its association with gut dysbiosis. Moreover, obesity and CRC display, apart from microbial dysbiosis, chronic inflammation, which participates in their pathogenesis. Although human and murine studies demonstrate the significant impact of the microbiome in regulating energy metabolism and CRC development, little is understood about the contribution of the microbiome to the development of obesity‐associated CRC. Therefore, this systematic review explores the evidence for microbiome changes associated with these conditions and hypothesizes that this may contribute to the pathogenesis of obesity‐related CRC. Two databases were searched, and different studies on the relationship among obesity, intestinal microbiota and CRC in clinical and preclinical models were selected. Data extraction was carried out by two reviewers independently, and 101 studies were finally considered. Findings indicate the existence of a risk association between obesity and CRC derived from metabolic, immune, and microbial disorders.
Osteoradionecrosis of the Jaws and Management Strategies
Authors: Coulthard Imogen , Dave Manas 
Published: November 2024

ABSTRACTBackgroundOsteoradionecrosis of the jaws (ORNJ) is a severe complication arising from radiotherapy for head and neck cancers. It results from irreversible damage to osteocytes, leading to nonhealing of exposed bone. The condition can cause substantial pain, swelling, trismus, and in severe cases, pathological fractures of the jaw, substantially impacting the patient's quality of life and increasing morbidity.AimsThis review aims to describe the pathophysiology of ORNJ, evaluate current management strategies, and explore emerging therapies to provide a comprehensive understanding of this condition.MethodsA comprehensive literature review was conducted to describe the pathophysiology, clinical presentation, and treatment of ORNJ.ResultsThe pathophysiology of ORNJ involves multiple theories, including radiation‐induced fibrosis and the “hypoxia, hypocellular, and hypovascular” model. Management strategies include surgical debridement, hyperbaric oxygen therapy (HBOT), and emerging biological approaches such as tissue engineering and platelet‐rich plasma (PRP), which are all discussed.DiscussionRadiotherapy significantly impairs wound healing, leading to chronic fibrosis and tissue necrosis. Although ORNJ is uncommon, its impact on patients is substantial. Current treatments offer limited success, necessitating a multidisciplinary approach and ongoing research into innovative therapies. Emerging treatments, including tissue engineering and PRP, offer potential but require further research.ConclusionORNJ remains a challenging condition with substantial patient morbidity. Understanding its pathophysiology is crucial for patient education, early detection and developing effective management strategies.
Clinical Impact of Specific Extraocular Muscle Manipulation and the Oculocardiac Reflex on Postoperative Vomiting in Pediatric Strabismus Surgery: A Multicenter, Observational Study
Authors: Kojima Taiki , Yamauchi Yusuke , Fujiwara Takashi , Obara Soichiro , Sueda Aya , Takahashi Riku , Yasuda Sayuri , Kitoh Hiroshi 
Published: November 2024

ABSTRACTBackgroundStrabismus surgery, which is commonly performed in children, poses a high risk of postoperative vomiting. The current anesthesia guidelines for the prevention of postoperative vomiting in children are based on heterogeneous populations involving different types of surgery, and risk factors for postoperative vomiting in, specifically, the pediatric strabismus surgery population are unclear. Moreover, the effects of manipulating the deeply attached extraocular muscles and the oculocardiac reflex on this risk remain inconclusive.AimTo evaluate the associations among inferior oblique muscle manipulation, the oculocardiac reflex, and postoperative vomiting in children with retrospectively collected data.MethodsThe study had a multicenter retrospective cross‐sectional design and was conducted at three institutions (two tertiary‐care children's hospitals and one pediatric–adult mixed community hospital). It included children aged < 18 years and without major comorbidities undergoing strabismus surgery. The primary exposure was inferior oblique muscle manipulation during surgery. The outcome of interest was postoperative vomiting or antiemetic medication usage within 24 h postsurgery or by discharge.ResultsAmong 3152 children postoperative vomiting occurred in 108/795 (13.6%) children with and 227/2357 (9.6%) without inferior oblique muscle manipulation (unadjusted odds ratio, 1.57; 95% confidence interval, 1.21–2.05; p = 0.001). Multilevel logistic regression analysis, adjusting for potential confounders and surgeon‐related variance, revealed that inferior oblique muscle manipulation (adjusted odds ratio, 1.58; 95% confidence interval, 1.15–2.18; p = 0.005), but not the oculocardiac reflex (adjusted odds ratio, 1.06; 95% confidence interval, 0.76–1.48; p = 0.73), was associated with postoperative vomiting after adjusting for confounders.ConclusionsStronger preventive measures against postoperative vomiting are recommended in healthy children undergoing strabismus surgery with inferior oblique muscle manipulation. Additionally, inferior oblique muscle manipulation should be considered a potential confounder in future related studies. However, the oculocardiac reflex was not associated with postoperative vomiting in pediatric strabismus surgery.
Development of vegetative oil sorghum: From lab‐to‐field
Authors: Park Kiyoul , Quach Truyen , Clark Teresa J. , Kim Hyojin , Zhang Tieling , Wang Mengyuan , Guo Ming , Sato Shirley , Nazarenus Tara J. , Blume Rostislav , Blume Yaroslav , Zhang Chi , Moose Stephen P. , Swaminathan Kankshita , Schwender Jörg , Clemente Thomas Elmo , Cahoon Edgar B. 
Published: November 2024

SummaryBiomass crops engineered to accumulate energy‐dense triacylglycerols (TAG or ‘vegetable oils’) in their vegetative tissues have emerged as potential feedstocks to meet the growing demand for renewable diesel and sustainable aviation fuel (SAF). Unlike oil palm and oilseed crops, the current commercial sources of TAG, vegetative tissues, such as leaves and stems, only transiently accumulate TAG. In this report, we used grain (Texas430 or TX430) and sugar‐accumulating ‘sweet’ (Ramada) genotypes of sorghum, a high‐yielding, environmentally resilient biomass crop, to accumulate TAG in leaves and stems. We initially tested several gene combinations for a ‘push‐pull‐protect’ strategy. The top TAG‐yielding constructs contained five oil transgenes for a sorghum WRINKLED1 transcription factor (‘push’), a Cuphea viscosissima diacylglycerol acyltransferase (DGAT; ‘pull’), a modified sesame oleosin (‘protect’) and two combinations of specialized Cuphea lysophosphatidic acid acyltransferases and medium‐chain acyl‐acyl carrier protein thioesterases. Though intended to generate oils with medium‐chain fatty acids, engineered lines accumulated oleic acid‐rich oil to amounts of up to 2.5% DW in leaves and 2.0% DW in stems in the greenhouse, 36‐fold and 49‐fold increases relative to wild‐type (WT) plants, respectively. Under field conditions, the top‐performing event accumulated TAG to amount to 5.5% DW in leaves and 3.5% DW in stems, 78‐fold and 58‐fold increases, respectively, relative to WT TX430. Transcriptomic and fluxomic analyses revealed potential bottlenecks for increased TAG accumulation. Overall, our studies highlight the utility of a lab‐to‐field pipeline coupled with systems biology studies to deliver high vegetative oil sorghum for SAF and renewable diesel production.
Filtering of point clouds acquired by mobile laser scanner for digital terrain model generation in densely vegetated green architectures
Authors: Nardinocchi Carla , Esposito Salvatore 
Published: November 2024

AbstractProtection and maintenance of green architecture such as parks, countryside villas, and historic gardens are a duty of our communities. Recently, hand‐held or portable mobile laser scanner (MLS) systems exploiting simultaneous localization and mapping (SLAM) are becoming a promising alternative to terrestrial laser scanner (TLS) in densely vegetated areas to efficiently collect information for site maintenance. The main goal for such surveys stands normally in tree parameter estimation, but getting a high‐resolution, high‐quality digital terrain model (DTM) is an objective worth pursuing as it is useful in later processing. This work presents a novel algorithm for terrain filtering of TLS point clouds and compares its performance with existing packages. To this aim, it compares and evaluates the accuracy of DTM produced by three well‐established open‐source packages and an in‐house development on the test case of an ancient garden survey, where nine scans were executed using a ZEB‐HORIZON scanner. The algorithm we developed is specifically designed for creating digital terrain models (DTMs) from TLS point clouds. In contrast, two of the three software packages we analysed were originally developed for processing airborne laser scanning (ALS) data. As parameter setting significantly influenced the quality of the DTM generation we describe in detail this process for all three algorithms. Since the unavailability of ground truth data, we used the terrain points generated by all four algorithms to perform a cross‐validation.
How is emotional evidence from multiple sources used in perceptual decision making?
Authors: Ngai Hilary H. T. , Hsiao Janet H. , Luhmann Christian C. , Mohanty Aprajita , Jin Jingwen 
Published: November 2024

AbstractJudging the emotional nature of a scene requires us to deliberately integrate pieces of evidence with varying intensities of emotion. Our existing knowledge about emotion‐related perceptual decision‐making is largely based on paradigms using single stimulus and, when involving multiple stimuli, rapid decisions. Consequently, it remains unclear how we sample and integrate multiple pieces of emotional evidence deliberately to form an overall judgment. Findings from non‐emotion rapid decision‐making studies show humans down‐sample and downweight extreme evidence. However, deliberate decision‐making may rely on a different attention mode than in rapid decision‐making; and extreme emotional stimuli are inherently salient. Given these critical differences, it is imperative to directly examine the deliberate decision‐making process about multiple emotional stimuli. In the current study, human participants (N = 33) viewed arrays of faces with expressions ranging from extremely fearful to extremely happy freely with their eye movement tracked. They then decided whether the faces were more fearful or happier on average. In contrast to conclusions drawn from non‐emotion and rapid decision‐making studies, eye movement measures revealed that participants attentionally sampled extreme emotional evidence more than less extreme evidence. Computational modeling results indicated that even though participants exhibited biased attention distribution, they weighted various emotional evidence equally. These findings provide novel insights into how people sample and integrate multiple pieces of emotional evidence, contribute to a more comprehensive understanding of emotion‐related decision‐making, and shed light on the mechanisms of pathological affective decisions.