bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The first eco-assessment of phytoplankton assemblages associated with environmental conditions of different lakes in the Western Black Sea basin of Türkiye
Authors: Çelekli Abuzer 
Published: November 2024

Abstract

Lakes play a vital role in supporting biodiversity, providing water resources, regulating climate, cycling nutrients, and offering recreational opportunities. Despite their importance for environmental health and human well-being, lakes face significant pressures in the Anthropocene era. The present work seeks to assess the species-environment interactions and the ecological status of six lakes in the Western Black Sea basin of Türkiye utilizing phytoplankton metrics during wet and dry periods. Canonical correspondence analysis revealed a significant correlation equal to 98.5% between phytoplankton species and environmental stressors during two hydrological periods. Electrical conductivity (EC), pH, total organic carbon (TOC), and temperature were the most influential environmental factors affecting phytoplankton distribution in lakes (p=0.002). Lake Sarıkum, a brackish habitat, was under high EC and pH pressure and is characterized by pollution-tolerant species. Lake Yeniçağa associated with TOC is characterized by some species, such as Anabaenopsis milleri, Chroococcus turgidus, Pseudoschroederia robusta, Aphanocapsa sp., Merismopedia glauca, Micractinium quadrisetum, and Microcystis aeruginosa. Lake Abant is located on the opposite side of EC, TOC, and temperature, which was associated with some species such as Cymbella affinis, Achnanthidium minutissimum, Encyonema minutum, E. silesiacum, and Dinobryon divergens. Results of the phyto-assessment displayed that the ecological status (ES) of the sampling stations during the rainy and dry periods varied from bad to high. The modified phytoplankton trophic index (MPTI) exhibited that a moderate ES was found in Lakes Sarıkum and Yeniçağa, while others had a good ES. The present study conﬁrmed that phytoplankton communities are strongly linked to the ecological status of lakes in the Western Black Sea basin, which could be assessed using the MPTI.
Artificial Intelligence Applications in Delirium Prediction, Diagnosis, and Management: A Systematic Review
Authors: Lv Sirui , Li Jianqiang , He Hang , Zhao Qing , Jiang Yinan 
Published: November 2024

Abstract

Delirium is a prevalent, acute, and reversible neuropsychiatric syndrome in elderly populations, notable for its high incidence and mortality rates, both of which impose a substantial burden on patient outcomes and healthcare systems. Currently, the detection of delirium primarily depends on clinical assessments performed by physicians, which poses challenges for less experienced clinicians in early identification of the condition. The application of artificial intelligence (AI) technologies to analyze large-scale data from delirium patients enables the identification and quantification of relevant delirium markers, thereby effectively assisting clinicians in the diagnosis, prediction, and monitoring of patient status. However, existing reviews on AI in the field of delirium exhibit several limitations, particularly regarding the comprehensive classification of existing studies. Current reviews often focus on a single type of data and often lack a systematic analysis of studies by data type. Most clinical models for delirium rely on electronic medical records, though physiological time-series data and imaging features also offer crucial biomarkers for the identification of delirium. This paper offers an overview of the medical foundation and recent technological advancements in delirium, aiming to establish a theoretical framework for novices. It systematically reviews the prediction, diagnosis, and management of delirium from a multisource data perspective, enumerates relevant data sources and public databases, and examines various AI models used in this field, along with their advantages and limitations. Finally, this review addresses the challenges and emerging trends of AI in delirium, with the aim of elucidating key directions for future research and development.
Molecular characterization of the histopathological growth patterns of colorectal cancer liver metastases by RNA sequencing of targeted samples at the tumor-liver interface
Authors: Latacz Emily , Verheul Sanne ML , Sillis Yasmine , Dam Pieter-Jan , Doukas Michail , Grunhagen Dirk J , Nyström Hanna , Dirix Piet , Dirix Luc , Laere Steven , Verhoef Cornelis , Vermeulen Peter 
Published: November 2024

Abstract

The behaviour of metastases in patients with liver-metastatic colorectal cancer (CRC) is still not adequately considered during treatment planning. However, studies in large cohorts have shown that the disease course in these patients depends on the histopathological growth pattern (HGP) of the liver metastases, with the desmoplastic (or encapsulated) pattern responsible for a favourable outcome and the replacement pattern for an unfavourable course. To increase our knowledge of cancer biology in general as well as to design clinical trials that take into account the diverse behaviour of liver metastases, it is necessary to know the cellular and molecular determinants of these growth patterns. For that purpose, we compared the transcriptome of tumour tissue (n = 57) sampled very precisely at the transition of metastasis and adjacent liver, between the desmoplastic and replacement HGP. In addition, the mutational profiles for 46 genes related to CRC were extracted from the RNA sequencing reads. First, we show that the genetic constitution of a liver metastasis from colorectal cancer does not determine its HGP. Second, we show clear differences between HGPs regarding the expression of genes belonging to the Molecular Signatures Database hallmark gene sets. Biological themes of the replacement HGP reflect cancer cell proliferation and glucose metabolism, while the desmoplastic HGP is characterized by inflammation and immune response, and angiogenesis. This study supports the view that HGPs are a reflection of the biology of CRC liver metastases and suggests the HGPs are driven epigenetically rather than by specific gene mutations.
Dynamic Distribution of Scattered Radiation in a CT Room, Utilizing a Semiconductor Survey Meter
Authors: Kobayashi Masanao , Suzuki Juria , Nishihara Yusei , Haba Tomonobu , Yuta Matsunaga , Asada Yasuki , Kobayashi Shigeki 
Published: November 2024

Abstract

The relationship between radiation exposure risk and infection control has not been adequately addressed. Consequently, there is no clear guidance on whether personnel involved in transporting infectious disease patients or radiological technologists who position patients should stay in the imaging room to prevent the spread of infection or evacuate to avoid radiation exposure. This study aimed to assess the temporal changes in the scattered radiation dose within the imaging room. In this study, a semiconductor survey meter was used to measure changes in the scattered radiation dose over time. The results allowed for the visualization of changes in scattered radiation dose over time as dynamic dose distributions (DDD). Unlike traditional dose assessments based on instantaneous measurements with a survey meter or cumulative doses with optically simulated luminescence (OSL) dosimeters, DDD elucidated the effects of tube current fluctuations and patient bed positioning on the scattered radiation intensity. These findings offer valuable for reviewing the behavior of medical staff who stay in the imaging room for infection control and provide important evidence for reducing radiation exposure.
The photocatalytic hydrogen production performance of porous titanium dioxide , a derivative of Mil-125 (Ti), was improved by using lignin-based carbon quantum
Authors: Zhang Kai , Zhu XuDong , Yan Hong 
Published: November 2024

Abstract

Carbon points in lignin were prepared by hydrothermal method at 180 ℃ for 12 h. Carbon points with diameters of 1-5 nm were observed by transmission electron microscopy. The prepared lignin carbon point solution was put into the synthesis system of Mil-125(Ti) derivative porous titanium dioxide (M-TiO2) with 10, 15 and 20 mL, respectively, at 150 ℃ and 48 h to obtain CQDs/M-TiO2 composite photocatalyst series. Through a series of characterization and analysis of its structure and morphology, it is proved that the carbon point is successfully recombined with Mil-125(Ti) derivative porous titanium dioxide (M-TiO2). Through ultraviolet-visible-near-infrared diffuse reflection and flat band potential analysis, we determined that CQDs can improve the light absorption range of porous titanium dioxide (M-TiO2), a derivative of Mil-125(Ti), and calculated the band structure of the material. It is proved that CQDs and Mil-125(Ti) derivative porous titanium dioxide(M-TiO2) constitute a type Ⅰ heterojunction. Photoelectrochemical analysis shows that CQDs/M-TiO2 composite catalyst has better separation and transport efficiency than M-TiO2 photogenerated electrons and holes. The photocatalytic hydrogen production activity test at a wavelength of > 380 nm showed that the hydrogen production rate of CQDs-15/M-TiO2 composite reached 6715 umol/h·g, which was 5.6 times that of M-TiO2 alone (1200 μmol/h·g).
WITHDRAWN: SMILE and ICL implantation on the ocular surface and meibomian glands in patients with postoperative myopia
Authors: Yao Juan , Feng Jianghong , Li Weijie , Liu Chang , Li Yanlei , Wang Xiaoying 
Published: November 2024

Abstract

Background
Objectively compare the changes in ocular surface parameters in myopic patients who have undergone either SMILE or Implantable Collamer Lens (ICL V4c) surgery.
Methods
This prospective cohort study enrolled 32 patients (64 eyes) undergoing SMILE surgery and 35 patients (70 eyes) receiving ICL V4c intraocular lenses. Examinations were performed at preoperative, 1-week, 1-month, and 3-month postoperative time points. The assessments included Schirmer’s I Test (SIt), First Non-Invasive Break-Up Time (First-NIBUT), Average Non-Invasive Break-Up Time (Average-NIBUT), Tear Meniscus Height (TMH), Ocular Surface Disease Index (OSDI) score, conjunctival congestion score, meibomian gland loss score, lipid layer analysis score, lid margin opening detection score, and corneal fluorescein staining (CFS) score.
Results
Repeated measures ANOVA revealed that SIT, TMH, and First-NIBUT initially decreased and then increased. At three months, SIT levels in the SMILE group were significantly lower than those in the ICL group. From the first month onward, TMH levels in the SMILE group remained significantly lower than those in the ICL group (P < 0.05). OSDI scores initially rose and then fell, with the SMILE group consistently showing higher OSDI levels than the ICL group. Conjunctival congestion scores in the SMILE group fluctuated less, while the ICL group exhibited a clear downward trend, with significant differences starting from the first week (P < 0.05). Over time, scores for meibomian gland loss, lipid layer analysis, and eyelid margin opening detection were all higher in the SMILE group compared to the ICL group.
Conclusions
SMILE surgery has a more pronounced and prolonged impact on the ocular surface and meibomian gland function compared to ICL implantation.
Radiogenomics and Machine Learning Predict Oncogenic Signaling Pathways in Glioblastoma
Authors: Ahanger Abdul Basit , Aalam Syed Wajid , Masoodi Tariq Ahmad , Shah Asma , Khan Meraj Alam , Bhat Ajaz A. , Assad Assif , MACHA MUZAFAR A. , Bhat Muzafar Rasool 
Published: November 2024

Abstract

Glioblastoma (GBM) is a highly aggressive brain tumor associated with a poor patient prognosis. Despite standard therapies, the survival rate remains low, highlighting the urgent need for novel treatment strategies. Advanced imaging techniques, particularly magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), play a crucial role in assessing GBM. Disruptions in various oncogenic signalling pathways, such as Receptor Tyrosine Kinase (RTK)-Ras-Extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK) signalling, Phosphoinositide 3- Kinases (PI3Ks), tumour protein p53 (TP53), and Neurogenic locus notch homolog protein (NOTCH), contribute to the development of different tumour types, each exhibiting distinct morphological and phenotypic features that can be observed at a microscopic level. However, identifying genetic abnormalities for targeted therapy often requires invasive procedures, prompting exploration into non-invasive approaches like radiogenomics. This study explores the utility of radiogenomics and machine learning (ML) in predicting these oncogenic signaling pathways in GBM patients. Data from MRI scans and signaling pathways were collected, radiomic features were extracted, and ML models were trained and evaluated using cross-validation techniques. Our results showed a positive association between most signalling pathways and the radiomic features derived from MRI scans. The best models achieved high AUC scores, namely 0.7 for RTK-RAS, 0.8 for PI3K, 0.75 for TP53, and 0.4 for NOTCH, and therefore demonstrated the potential of ML models in accurately predicting oncogenic signaling pathways from radiomic features, thereby informing personalized therapeutic approaches and improving patient outcomes. We present a novel approach for the non-invasive prediction of deregulation in oncogenic signaling pathways in glioblastoma (GBM) by integrating radiogenomic data with machine learning (ML) models. This research contributes to the advancement of precision medicine in GBM management, highlighting the importance of integrating radiomics with genomic data to better understand tumor behavior and treatment response.
Beyond Analgesia: Repurposing NSAIDs as a Novel Strategy in Antivenom Therapy against Naja nigricollis Envenomation
Authors: Hassan Lawal Gusau , Jega Amina Yusuf , Salihu Mustapha 
Published: November 2024

Abstract

Objective
This study aimed to explore the potential of repurposing non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) as antisnake venom agents using experimental and computational approaches.
Data Description
Virtual screening of 20 NSAIDs alongside Varespladib was conducted to obtain three top-scoring drugs (celecoxib, ketorolac, and ketoprofen); the antisnake venom efficacy of the three NSAIDs was evaluated using a combination of in vivo, ex vivo, in vitro and in silico approaches. In vivo and ex vivo experiments in mice, demonstrated that all three drugs exhibited significant (p < 0.05) antisnake venom activity against Naja nigricollis venom in a dose-dependent manner. Ketorolac provided complete protection with a 100% survival rate at doses of 100, 200, and 400 mg/kg, while celecoxib and ketoprofen showed survival rates ranging from 25–75%. The standard antivenom (ASV) also achieved a 100% survival rate at 0.6 mg/mL. Ex vivo results mirrored these findings, with ketorolac showing the highest survival rate (100%) and celecoxib exhibiting the lowest (50%). In vitro, the drugs demonstrated significant (p < 0.05) phospholipase A2 enzyme (PLA2) inhibition, with ketorolac achieving 96.65–99.86% inhibition at 1–0.0125 mg/mL. Molecular docking studies further supported these findings, revealing favorable binding affinities and interactions with key amino acid residues implicated in envenomation. In conclusion, these findings suggest that NSAIDs, particularly ketorolac, hold promise as potential antivenom therapies against Naja nigricollis envenomation, warranting further investigation in clinical studies.
A Hybrid Approach to Bangla Handwritten OCR: Combining YOLO and an Advanced CNN
Authors: Maung Aye , Salekin Sumaiya , Haque Mohammad A. 
Published: November 2024

Abstract

Optical Character Recognition (OCR) plays an important role in automatic data entry from handwritten forms into digital systems. However, there is a gap in the research on the development of OCR techniques for handwritten texts in complex languages such as Bangla. Complexities in Bangla writing arise from the presence of modifiers, compound characters, and diacritic marks. Our research focuses on developing a scalable and effective method for handwritten documents in Bangla that addresses the complexities of word images. The pipeline uses the YOLO (You Only Look Once) model to isolate characters, including base alphabets, consonant conjuncts and characters with modifiers(matras), from word images and a Deep Learning model for character recognition. The hybrid model proved to be highly accurate in identifying characters from more complex sets and different penmanship styles. In addition, the resilience of the system was enhanced using a Word2Vec-anchored spelling correction technology.
Exploring the frequent occurrence and characterization of Cytochrome B gene in Theileria annulata in cattle
Authors: Mahmoud Fatma S. , El-Khabaz Khaled A.S. , Nasr Heba A. , Abdel-Baky Mohammed M.M. , Youssef Zainab M.A. 
Published: November 2024

Abstract

Bovine theileriosis caused by Theileria annulata (T. annulata) that result in high mortality and financial losses for the livestock industry in Egypt. For this study, fifty cattle were utilized. Whole blood samples were collected for laboratory analysis. Giemsa-stained blood smears were employed to detect Theileria infection. Polymerase chain reaction (PCR) was used to evaluate various target genes like 30-kDa and Cyto B of T. annulata. Nine (18%) samples tested positive for piroplasm of Theileria by microscopic examination of blood smear. Twenty one (42%) of the analyzed samples tested molecularly positive depended on 30-kDa gene, while 10 (20%) samples were positive based on Cyto B gene. In our study, we carried out DNA sequencing and phylogenetic analysis of T. annulata using the Cyto B gene. The PCR products' phylogenetic analysis of the Egyptian strain of T. annulata (Assiut) showed nucleotide identity ranging from 96.16–98.92% with T. annulata strains of various governorates (Sharkia and Qulyubia) of Egypt, Sudan, Tunisia, Turkey, and India. The isolates obtained were found to be closely clustered with an isolate from Sudan (accession number LC431533). We identified thirty point mutations at the amino acids sequences. There was substantial variance (P < 0.05 and P < 0.01) between age and sex of tested cattle, respectively and percentages of T. annulata infection. The data obtained from our study in characterization of Cyto B gene of T. annulata in Assiut Governorate suggest that the Cyto B gene may be used as a genetic marker to identify resistant isolates of T. annulata.
Sex specific differences in short-term mortality after ICU-delirium
Authors: Schreiber Nikolaus , Eichlseder Michael , Orlob Simon , Klivinyi Christoph , Zoidl Philipp , Pichler Alexander , Eichinger Michael , Fandler-Höfler Simon , Scholz Laura , Baumgartner Jekaterina , Schörghuber Michael , Eller Philipp 
Published: November 2024

Abstract

Introduction
Delirium is a frequent complication in critically ill patients and is associated with adverse outcomes such as long-term cognitive impairment and increased mortality. It is unknown whether there are sex-related differences in ICU-delirium and associated outcomes. We aimed to assess sex-specific differences in short-term mortality following ICU-delirium.
Methods
We conducted a retrospective cohort study using the Medical Information Mart for Intensive Care-IV (MIMIC-IV) database. Adult ICU patients who were diagnosed with delirium using the Confusion Assessment Method for the ICU (CAM-ICU) or the Intensive Care Delirium Screening Checklist (ICDSC) were included. The primary outcome was 30-day mortality following delirium onset. To control for baseline differences in demographics, illness severity, and comorbidities, we applied 1:1 propensity score matching. Cox proportional hazards regression models were used to evaluate the association between sex and mortality.
Results
A total of 8950 ICU patients with delirium were analyzed, of whom 42.6% were female. In univariable analysis, women had higher crude mortality (26.0% vs. 23.4%; HR 1.16, 95% CI 1.071–1.267, p < 0.001). After propensity score matching, the cohort included 3811 females and 3811 males. Thirty-day mortality was again higher in women (HR 1.14, 95% CI 1.046–1.252; p = 0.003).
Conclusion
Our study suggests that women with ICU-delirium have a significantly higher risk of short-term mortality than men. Further research is needed to understand the biological and clinical factors driving this disparity and to inform sex-specific interventions for ICU-delirium.
Decision support in the management of musculoskeletal disorders: a qualitative study of physiotherapists’ and patients’ experiences
Authors: Klevanger Nina Elisabeth , Bones Anita Formo , Meisingset Ingebrigt , Granviken Fredrik 
Published: November 2024

Abstract

Background
Clinical decision support systems (CDSSs) present a paradigm shift in health care by assisting complex decision-making processes. While implementing such systems has considerable potential, they simultaneously influence clinical encounters by impacting decision-making authority. SupportPrim PT (physiotherapy) is a CDSS that uses artificial intelligence methods to provide personalised treatment recommendations to patients with musculoskeletal disorders based on similar successful patients. This study aimed to explore how the CDSS influences the decision-making process of physiotherapists and patients.
Methods
This qualitative study is nested within a randomised controlled trial and is based on individual interviews with 11 patients with musculoskeletal disorders and 10 physiotherapists in Norwegian primary healthcare in 2021. The interviews were analysed thematically, with a theoretical approach inspired by Actor Network Theory.
Results
First, both patients and physiotherapists valued the visualisation of patients’ biopsychosocial health status. It helped address health issues and expand and align perceptions of relevant information, leading to trust in physiotherapists’ clinical reasoning. Nevertheless, revealing health problems also occasionally created insecurity. Second, the physiotherapists mainly felt that the CDSS treatment decision screen supported their reasoning. For some, it served as a pedagogic tool, lending the physiotherapist authority by confirming the accuracy of their treatment suggestions. However, many found it redundant to use with patients, as they felt secure in how to proceed. Patient involvement was also challenged by occasional inappropriate treatment suggestions and abundant and complex information, diminishing therapists’ trust in the CDSS.
Conclusion
CDSSs can prove valuable by cultivating trust in physiotherapists’ clinical reasoning. However, this trust can simultaneously challenge shared decision-making with the patient. Other aspects influencing decision-making include expectations of the CDSS, its timing and the content of treatment suggestions. The physiotherapists' ability and need to interpose between patients and the CDSS to counter inappropriate information also impede shared use. Future studies should investigate how such CDSSs can enhance patient agency by allowing access and addressing the changing role of the physiotherapist once a CDSS is introduced in the clinical encounter.