bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Evaluation of the effect of agitation speed on the growth and high‐value LC‐PUFA formation of Porphyridium cruentum based on basic rheological analysis
Authors: Hu Hao , Wang Hou‐Feng , Li Jia‐Yun , Ma Lin‐Lin , Shen Xiao‐Fei , Zeng Raymond J 
Published: March 2019

ABSTRACTBACKGROUNDThe selection of hydrodynamic properties of microalgae such as agitation speed is usually done according to empirical values without a technical basis, and the selected agitation speeds are not consistent with each other in many references. In this study, we aimed to provide a possible technical basis for the setup of the agitation speed of microalgae suspensions based on basic rheological analysis, in terms of viscosity of microalgae suspensions at different agitation speeds, using the red microalga Porphyridium cruentum as a model.RESULTSThe agitation speed of 150 rpm was optimal for P. cruentum cultivation, with its biomass concentration increased by about 19–57% compared with the microalgae cultured at other agitation speeds. Meanwhile, the content of linoleic acid, arachidonic acid and total fatty acids increased by maximum 103%, 58% and 48%, respectively, compared with those at other agitation speeds. Furthermore, a low rotational speed was beneficial for eicosapentaenoic acid formation (which increased by 72–106%).CONCLUSIONBasic rheological analysis of microalgal suspensions can be used as a guide in setting a reasonable and suitable agitation speed. Meanwhile, the agitation speed could affect both the biomass growth and the formation of certain high‐value products of microalgae. © 2019 Society of Chemical Industry
Long‐term follow‐up after radiofrequency ablation of ectopic atrial tachycardia in young patients
Authors: Balla Cristina , Foresti Sara , Ali Hussam , Sorgente Antonio , Egidy Assenza Gabriele , De Ambroggi Guido , Epicoco Gianluca , Lupo Pierpaolo , Cappato Riccardo 
Published: March 2019

AbstractAimEctopic atrial tachycardia (EAT) is a common arrhythmia in children, adolescents, and young adults. Radiofrequency (RF) ablation is often considered the treatment of choice in this population. We sought to evaluate the long‐term follow‐up after RF ablation.Methods and ResultsWe retrospectively analyzed 36 young patients (age range 8‐29 years), with clinical signs and symptoms suspected for EAT who underwent an electrophysiological study in our center. We evaluated the safety and acute success rate of ablation and the long‐term follow‐up. Ectopic foci were more frequently localized in the right atrium along the crista terminalis (28%) and EAT was successfully terminated in 97% of patients. At median follow‐up (38 months), the recurrence rate was 20% with mostly recurrences expressed within 6 months.ConclusionsThe study confirmed the safety and high acute success rate of EAT ablation in a population of children, adolescents, and young adults. Therefore, catheter ablation of EAT can be considered early in the course of treatment of these patients. The evidence of most recurrences within 6 months could be useful for advising patients on likely outcomes.
Unusual ventricular entrainment response: What is the mechanism?
Authors: Ozeke Ozcan , Cay Serkan , Ozcan Firat , Hacili Ayten , Karimli Emin , Altiparmak Ibrahim Halil , Kara Meryem , Sahin Mursel , Burak Cengiz , Kuyumcu Mevlut Serdar , Koca Serhat , Demir Gultekin Gunhan , Topaloglu Serkan , Aras Dursun 
Published: March 2019

AbstractEntrainment is an important tool for the diagnosis and location of reentry. The usefulness of this maneuver requires that, prior to cessation of ventricular pacing, the atrial rate accelerates to the ventricular pacing rate. Moreover, it is important to verify the continuation of the tachycardia following cessation of entrainment. The recognizing the last entrained atrial beat is utmost important to avoid erroneous A–A–V labeling.
Hydroxyapatite cement cranioplasty for translabyrinthine surgery: A single institution experience
Authors: Luryi Alexander L. , Schutt Christopher A. , Michaelides Elias , Kveton John F. 
Published: March 2019

ObjectiveTo assess complication rates in hydroxyapatite cement (HAC) cranioplasty for translabyrinthine acoustic surgery compared with historical controls.MethodsRetrospective chart review of patients undergoing de novo translabyrinthine surgery with HAC cranioplasty without concurrent adipose tissue graft or additional material between 2010 and 2017 at a tertiary otology center.ResultsFifty‐two patients underwent HAC cranioplasty during the study period. The average length of follow‐up was 30.5 months. HAC cranioplasty was associated with acceptable rates of cerebrospinal fluid leak (3.8%), wound or intracranial infection (5.8%), need for unplanned revision surgery (9.6%), and all complications (15.3%). All complications occurred within 5 months of surgery. No delayed wound infections or implant extrusions occurred.ConclusionHAC cranioplasty has an acceptable complication profile for translabyrinthine surgery and is a viable alternative to abdominal fat grafting without associated donor site morbidity.Level of Evidence4 Laryngoscope, 130:206–211, 2020
Relationship of soil fertility to biochemical properties under agricultural practices aimed at controlling land degradation
Authors: de Santiago Ana , Recena Ramiro , Perea‐Torres Francisco , Moreno María Teresa , Carmona Eusebio , Delgado Antonio 
Published: March 2019

AbstractConservation agriculture (CA) is an essential strategy to avoid agricultural land degradation. It affects nutrient availability to plants and soil biological activity. However, an integral view of the effects of CA on soil fertility and biological indicators has been rarely described. Here, we examined the long‐term effects of no‐till and residue mulching on chemical properties, biological functionality indicators (enzyme activity), and nutrient availability indices of soil, and also their potential relationships, in order to provide a comprehensive view of the effects of CA on soil quality improvement. To this end, we assessed the effects after 27 years of conventional tillage (CT) and no‐tillage (NT) on a vertisol. NT increased Fe and Mn bound to organic matter when compared with CT. P and K availability in the soil surface was greater under NT than under CT by effect of more marked fertilizer stratification, and in the case of P by a decreased precipitation rate of Ca phosphates ascribed to an increased soil organic matter (SOM). The availability indices for Fe, Mn, Cu, P, and B were correlated with some enzyme activities. Our results reveal a relationship of soil biological functionality indicators, which were higher under CA, to nutrient availability to plants. This was explained at least in part by changes in soil properties, in particular an increased SOM, affecting both biological properties and nutrient availability. Thus, enzyme activities can be considered effective indicators of change in soil fertility, that is, nutrient availability to plants, a crucial factor for soil quality and functioning.
Kocuria Bacterial Isolates from Radioactive Springs of Jáchymov spa (Joachimsthal) as Sources of Polyunsaturated Fatty Acids
Authors: Řezanka Tomáš , Gharwalová Lucia , Nováková Gabriela , Kolouchová Irena , Uhlík Ondřej , Sigler Karel 
Published: March 2019

AbstractFour bacterial isolates, which produced polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA), were isolated from water samples of radioactive springs collected from Jáchymov spa. Jáchymov (Sankt Joachimsthal) is a city in northwestern Bohemia, where Marie and Pierre Curie isolated radium in 1898 from the mineral uraninite. To date, four springs (Agricola, Behounek, C1, and Curie) have been used for spa purposes, that is for the treatment of nervous and rheumatic disorders by constantly produced radioactive gas radon (222Rn) dissolved in the water. The radioactivity reaches 24 kBq/L. Using 16S rRNA gene sequence analysis, all four isolates were identified as members of the genus Kocuria, with two isolates designated 208 and 401 affiliated with Kocuria kristinae, while isolates 101 and 301 most likely with K. rhizophila. The content of fatty acids in polar lipids was determined by gas chromatography–mass spectrometry (GC–MS) and two PUFA, that is arachidonic and eicosapentaenoic, were identified. The position of double bonds was confirmed by GC–MS of 3‐pyridylcarbinol (formerly picolinyl) esters. We assume that all four isolates of Kocuria produce PUFA to increase the stability of cell membranes, which may be impaired by the reaction of the reactive oxygen species. These can arise, for example, because of α radiation during 222Rn decay.
Status and Trends of Marbled Grouper in the North-Central Gulf of Mexico
Authors: Campbell Matthew D. , Rademacher Kevin R. , Noble Brandi , Salisbury Joseph , Felts Paul , Moser John , Caillouet Ryan , Hendon Michael , Driggers William B. 
Published: March 2019

Abstract
Marbled Grouper Dermatolepis inermis were categorized as “near threatened” by the International Union for Conservation of Nature in 1996, and the status of the species was set for review in 2018. Analysis used to support its global threatened status included basic parameters, such as numbers seen in a year and spatial maps of positive observations, but included no statistical approaches to interpret abundance trends. In an effort to improve the understanding of Marbled Grouper status and trends, we used the Southeast Area Monitoring and Assessment Program reef fish video survey time series in the northern Gulf of Mexico, USA, to estimate relative abundance, proportion of positive stations, and the impact of habitat variables on fish abundance. Marbled Grouper were consistently observed in low numbers on the Louisiana shelf-edge banks throughout the survey. Generalized linear mixed models using a negative binomial data distribution showed significant effects for the presence of reef and depth, while the percent coverage of rock was marginally significant. These results indicate that detection and abundance of Marbled Grouper are strongly associated with high rugosity and deep (60–100 m) reef tracts. Interpretation of annual trends was difficult due to high interannual variability, but the data appear to show no detectable trends. Given that the previous classification of near threatened was based primarily on the consistent but rare observation of the species in its preferred habitat on a global basis, and given that the annual indices produced for the northern Gulf of Mexico region were highly variable, we recommend that the current International Union for Conservation of Nature regional status be maintained. This study highlights the utility of optical surveys for collecting data on species that are rare or that are not observed using traditional fisheries sampling gears and also indicates the importance of synchronous collection of habitat information.
Sampling and multilevel coarsening algorithms for fast matrix approximations
Authors: Ubaru Shashanka , Saad Yousef 
Published: March 2019

SummaryThis paper addresses matrix approximation problems for matrices that are large, sparse, and/or representations of large graphs. To tackle these problems, we consider algorithms that are based primarily on coarsening techniques, possibly combined with random sampling. A multilevel coarsening technique is proposed, which utilizes a hypergraph associated with the data matrix and a graph coarsening strategy based on column matching. We consider a number of standard applications of this technique as well as a few new ones. Among standard applications, we first consider the problem of computing partial singular value decomposition, for which a combination of sampling and coarsening yields significantly improved singular value decomposition results relative to sampling alone. We also consider the column subset selection problem, a popular low‐rank approximation method used in data‐related applications, and show how multilevel coarsening can be adapted for this problem. Similarly, we consider the problem of graph sparsification and show how coarsening techniques can be employed to solve it. We also establish theoretical results that characterize the approximation error obtained and the quality of the dimension reduction achieved by a coarsening step, when a proper column matching strategy is employed. Numerical experiments illustrate the performances of the methods in a few applications.
Topology optimization of exterior acoustic‐structure interaction systems using the coupled FEM‐BEM method
Authors: Zhao Wenchang , Chen Leilei , Chen Haibo , Marburg Steffen 
Published: March 2019

SummaryThis paper presents an efficient topology optimization procedure for exterior acoustic‐structure interaction problems, in which the coupled systems are formulated by the boundary element method (BEM) and the finite element method (FEM). So far, the topology optimization based on the coupled FEM‐BEM still faces several issues needed to be addressed, especially the efficient design sensitivity analysis for the coupled systems. In this work, we contribute to these issues in two main aspects. Firstly, the adjoint variable method (AVM) formulations are derived for sensitivity analysis of arbitrary objective function, and the feedback coupling between the structural and acoustic domains are taken into consideration in the sensitivity analysis. Secondly, in addition to the application of fast multipole method (FMM) in the acoustic BEM response analysis, the FMM is now updated to adapt to the arising different multiplications in the AVM equations. These accelerations save considerable computing time and memory. Numerical tests show that the developed approach permits its application to large‐scale problems. Finally, some basic observations for the optimized designs are drawn from the numerical investigations.
The use of the concept of transition in different disciplines within health and social welfare: An integrative literature review
Authors: Lindmark Ulrika , Bülow Pia H. , Mårtensson Jan , Rönning Helén ,   A.D.U.L.T. Research Group
Published: March 2019

AbstractAimsTo continuing the quest of the concept of transition in nursing research and to explore how the concept of transition is used in occupational therapy, oral health and social work as well as in interdisciplinary studies in health and welfare, between 2003–2013.DesignAn integrative literature review.MethodsPubMed, CINAHL, PsycINFO, DOSS, SocIndex, Social Science Citation Index and AMED databases from 2003–2013 were used. Identification of 350 articles including the concept of transition in relation to disciplines included. Assessment of articles are in accordance to Meleis' typologies of transition by experts in each discipline. Chosen key factors were entered into Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS).ResultsMeleis' four typologies were found in all studied disciplines, except development in oral health. The health‐illness type was the most commonly explored, whereas in social work and in occupation therapy, situational transitions dominated.
Amphiphilic block poly(propylene carbonate)‐block‐allyloxypolyethyleneglycol copolymer based shell cross‐linked micelles for controlled release of drug
Authors: Niu Yongsheng , Li Hongchun 
Published: March 2019

Amphiphilic block poly(propylene carbonate)‐block‐allyloxypolyethyleneglycol (PPC‐b‐APEG) copolymer was synthesized by the click chemistry, and its structure were characterized. PPC‐b‐APEG can self‐assemble into micelles without emulsifier in water. Shell cross‐linked micelles were obtained by the reaction of the allyloxy groups, which were exposed on the outer of the PPC‐b‐APEG micelles, and N‐vinylpyrrolidone (NVP). The morphology and size of the micelles before and after cross‐link reactions were characterized. The research result shows that the shell cross‐linking could improve the stability of micelles. The particle size of uncross‐linked micelle was about 800 nm. The size of cross‐linked micelles increased with increasing amount of cross‐linking degree. To better evaluate the release behavior of PPC‐b‐PEG copolymer, doxorubicin (DOX)‐loaded micelles were synthesized using DOX as the model drug. Results showed that the DOX releasing rate decreased with increasing of NVP. The shell cross‐linking do decrease the burst release behaviours of DOX and reduce the DOX release rate.
Atypical ductal hyperplasia is a multipotent precursor of breast carcinoma
Authors: Kader Tanjina , Hill Prue , Zethoven Magnus , Goode David L , Elder Kenneth , Thio Niko , Doyle Maria , Semple Timothy , Sufyan Wajiha , Byrne David J , Pang Jia‐Min B , Murugasu Anand , Miligy Islam M , Green Andrew R , Rakha Emad A , Fox Stephen B , Mann G Bruce , Campbell Ian G , Gorringe Kylie L 
Published: March 2019

AbstractThe current model for breast cancer progression proposes independent ‘low grade (LG)‐like’ and ‘high grade (HG)‐like’ pathways but lacks a known precursor to HG cancer. We applied low‐coverage whole‐genome sequencing to atypical ductal hyperplasia (ADH) with and without carcinoma to shed light on breast cancer progression. Fourteen out of twenty isolated ADH cases harboured at least one copy number alteration (CNA), but had fewer aberrations than LG or HG ductal carcinoma in situ (DCIS). ADH carried more HG‐like CNA than LG DCIS (e.g. 8q gain). Correspondingly, 64% (7/11) of ADH cases with synchronous HG carcinoma were clonally related, similar to LG carcinoma (67%, 6/9). This study represents a significant shift in our understanding of breast cancer progression, with ADH as a common precursor lesion to the independent ‘low grade‐like’ and ‘high grade‐like’ pathways. These data suggest that ADH can be a precursor of HG breast cancer and that LG and HG carcinomas can evolve from a similar ancestor lesion. We propose that although LG DCIS may be committed to a LG molecular pathway, ADH may remain multipotent, progressing to either LG or HG carcinoma. This multipotent nature suggests that some ADH cases could be more clinically significant than LG DCIS, requiring biomarkers for personalising management. Copyright © 2019 Pathological Society of Great Britain and Ireland. Published by John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
The Devil's in the details: Reports on reproducibility in pharmacoepidemiologic studies
Authors: Petrone Andrew B. , DuCott April , Gagne Joshua J. , Toh Sengwee , Maro Judith C. 
Published: March 2019

AbstractPurposeThe U.S. Food and Drug Administration's Sentinel Initiative “modular programs” have been shown to replicate findings from conventional protocol‐driven, custom‐programmed studies. One such parallel assessment—dabigatran and warfarin and selected outcomes—produced concordant findings for three of four study outcomes. The effect estimates and confidence intervals for the fourth—acute myocardial infarction—had more variability as compared with other outcomes. This paper evaluates the potential sources of that variability that led to unexpected divergence in findings.MethodsWe systematically compared the two studies and evaluated programming differences and their potential impact using a different dataset that allowed more granular data access for investigation. We reviewed the output at each of five main processing steps common in both study programs: cohort identification, propensity score estimation, propensity score matching, patient follow‐up, and risk estimation.ResultsOur findings point to several design features that warrant greater investigator attention when performing observational database studies: (a) treatment of recorded events (eg, diagnoses, procedures, and dispensings) co‐occurring on the index date of study drug dispensing in cohort eligibility criteria and propensity score estimation and (b) construction of treatment episodes for study drugs of interest that have more complex dispensing patterns.ConclusionsMore precise and unambiguous operational definitions of all study parameters will increase transparency and reproducibility in observational database studies.
Relationship Consensus and Caregiver Burden in Adults with Cognitive Impairments 6 Months Following Stroke
Authors: Wu Chao‐Yi , Skidmore Elizabeth R. , Rodakowski Juleen 
Published: March 2019

AbstractBackgroundCaregiver burden is commonly experienced in caregivers of adults with cognitive impairment after stroke. This burden can be associated with caregiver‐centered factors, including caregiver‐perceived relationship quality.ObjectiveTo examine the role of caregiver‐perceived relationship quality on caregiver burden at 6 months following stroke.DesignProspective observational study.SettingCommunity settings.ParticipantsAdults enrolled in two randomized controlled trials after stroke (n = 60) and their caregivers (n = 60).MethodsThree constructs of relationship quality (relationship consensus, cohesion, and satisfaction) were examined as predictors of caregiver burden (the Abbreviated Dyadic Adjustment Scale). A hierarchical logistic regression and a Poisson regression with robust standard errors were used to examine the effect of relationship quality on caregiver burden while controlling for characteristics of stroke survivors and caregivers.Main Outcome MeasurementsCaregiver burden was measured with the abridged version of the Zarit Burden Interview.ResultsPoor relationship consensus (odds ratio [OR] = 1.48; 95% confidence interval [CI] = 1.06‐2.07; P = .02) increased the odds of high caregiver burden after controlling for characteristics of stroke survivors (age, comorbidity, cognitive fluency) and caregivers (gender, self‐reported health). Relationship cohesion (OR  = 1.03; 95% CI = .84‐1.25; P = .81) and relationship satisfaction (OR  = 1.53; 95% CI = .75‐3.10; P = .24) did not predict caregiver burden.ConclusionMeaningful and agreeable goals and expectations between dyads are essential to reduce caregiver burden after stroke. Collaborative goal‐setting between stroke survivors and their caregivers may be a promising intervention strategy to increase relationship consensus and reduce caregiver burden.Level of EvidenceIII.
Investigation of antimony, cobalt, and acetaldehyde migration into the drinking water in Turkey
Authors: Dogan Canan Ekinci , Cebi Nur 
Published: March 2019

Polyethylene terephthalate (PET) is a widely used material for the packaging of drinking water. The development of this research arises from the demand of a popular Turkish drinking water company, which has reported odour problems in their PET bottled products. Acetaldehyde, cobalt, and antimony contents were determined in bottled water of different volumes (0.5, 1.5, and 5 L), PET bottles, plastic blue closures, and preform material by gas chromatography mass spectrometry (GC‐MS) and inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP‐MS). Antimony, cobalt, and acetaldehyde migration into the drinking water (PET bottled) was tracked for every 2 months through a year. Migration of these compounds rose with increased storage time at 20°C. The highest amounts of migrated compounds were observed in 0.5 L (smallest) of PET bottles. All migration results were found to be under the migration limit at the end of storage period. In addition to these findings, nonintentionally added substances (NIASs) analyses were performed by headspace (HS)/GC‐MS. Odour‐active compounds were identified using the library database. Off‐odours in the drinking water were due to the migration of various compounds such as acetaldehyde and other NIASs from PET bottle into the drinking water. In addition, acetaldehyde amounts were ranged from 0 to 140 μg/L in all drinking waters, and some acetaldehyde values were above the taste threshold of 15 μg/L.