bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Introducing “best single template” models as reference baseline for the Continuous Automated Model Evaluation (CAMEO)
Authors: Haas Juergen , Gumienny Rafal , Barbato Alessandro , Ackermann Flavio , Tauriello Gerardo , Bertoni Martino , Studer Gabriel , Smolinski Anna , Schwede Torsten 
Published: October 2019

AbstractCritical blind assessment of structure prediction techniques is crucial for the scientific community to establish the state of the art, identify bottlenecks, and guide future developments. In Critical Assessment of Techniques in Structure Prediction (CASP), human experts assess the performance of participating methods in relation to the difficulty of the prediction task in a biennial experiment on approximately 100 targets. Yet, the development of automated computational modeling methods requires more frequent evaluation cycles and larger sets of data. The “Continuous Automated Model EvaluatiOn (CAMEO)” platform complements CASP by conducting fully automated blind prediction evaluations based on the weekly pre‐release of sequences of those structures, which are going to be published in the next release of the Protein Data Bank (PDB). Each week, CAMEO publishes benchmarking results for predictions corresponding to a set of about 20 targets collected during a 4‐day prediction window. CAMEO benchmarking data are generated consistently for all methods at the same point in time, enabling developers to cross‐validate their method's performance, and referring to their results in publications. Many successful participants of CASP have used CAMEO—either by directly benchmarking their methods within the system or by comparing their own performance to CAMEO reference data. CAMEO offers a variety of scores reflecting different aspects of structure modeling, for example, binding site accuracy, homo‐oligomer interface quality, or accuracy of local model confidence estimates. By introducing the "bestSingleTemplate" method based on structure superpositions as a reference for the accuracy of 3D modeling predictions, CAMEO facilitates objective comparison of techniques and fosters the development of advanced methods.
Probabilistic temperature forecasting with a heteroscedastic autoregressive ensemble postprocessing model
Authors: Möller Annette , Groß Jürgen 
Published: October 2019

AbstractWeather prediction today is performed with numerical weather prediction (NWP) models. These are deterministic simulation models describing the dynamics of the atmosphere, and evolving the current conditions forward in time to obtain a prediction for future atmospheric states. To account for uncertainty in NWP models it has become common practice to employ ensembles of NWP forecasts. However, NWP ensembles often exhibit forecast biases and dispersion errors, thus require statistical postprocessing to improve reliability of the ensemble forecasts. This work proposes an extension of a recently developed postprocessing model utilizing autoregressive information present in the forecast error of the raw ensemble members. The original approach is modified to let the variance parameter depend on the ensemble spread, yielding a two‐fold heteroscedastic model. Furthermore, an additional high‐resolution forecast is included into the postprocessing model, yielding improved predictive performance. Finally, it is outlined how the autoregressive model can be utilized to postprocess ensemble forecasts with higher forecast horizons, without the necessity of making fundamental changes to the original model. We accompany the new methodology by an implementation within the R package ensAR to make our method available for other researchers working in this area. To illustrate the performance of the heteroscedastic extension of the autoregressive model, and its use for higher forecast horizons we present a case‐study for a dataset containing 12 years of temperature forecasts and observations over Germany. The case‐study indicates that the autoregressive model yields particularly strong improvements for forecast horizons beyond 24 h.
The role of relationship scope in sustaining relational contracts in interfirm networks
Authors: Argyres Nicholas , Bercovitz Janet , Zanarone Giorgio 
Published: October 2019

AbstractResearch summaryA key strategic decision for many firms is the scope of their relationships with partners. Existing theories of relationship scope are limited in that they disregard the facts that: (a) most firms transact within networks of multiple partners, and (b) these partnerships often involve two‐sided moral hazard. We develop a theory of partnership scope in interfirm networks that addresses these deficiencies. We show how, by broadening the scope of business it conducts with its partners, a firm can reduce externalities between them, and thereby sustain self‐enforcing exchange relationships (“relational contracts”) in which both parties cooperate with each other repeatedly and maximize the value created. We discuss numerous settings in which our model applies, including franchising, supply chains, and platform‐based ecosystems.Managerial summaryA key strategic decision for many firms is the number of transactions or activities they conduct with a given supplier, business customer, or company that sells complementary products or services. We offer a theory to explain why firms often prefer relationships with broader scope. Whereas other theories are based on the ability to leverage partner knowledge or cheaper supervision, our theory is based on the concept of a “relational contract”, in which a firm and its partner cooperate with each other repeatedly according to an informal agreement between them. We show that under relational contracting, broader scope relationships encourage better mutual cooperation than narrow scope relationships, thereby maximizing the value created by them. We discuss how our model applies to franchising, supply chains, and platform‐based ecosystems.
Solid/Solid Interfacial Architecturing of Solid Polymer Electrolyte–Based All‐Solid‐State Lithium–Sulfur Batteries by Atomic Layer Deposition
Authors: Fan Zengjie , Ding Bing , Zhang Tengfei , Lin Qingyang , Malgras Victor , Wang Jie , Dou Hui , Zhang Xiaogang , Yamauchi Yusuke 
Published: October 2019

AbstractSolid polymer electrolytes (SPEs)‐based all‐solid‐state lithium–sulfur batteries (ASSLSBs) have attracted extensive research attention due to their high energy density and safe operation, which provide potential solutions to the increasing need for harnessing higher energy densities. There is little progress made, however, in the development of ASSLSBs to improve simultaneously energy density and long‐term cycling life, mostly due to the “shuttle effect” of lithium polysulfide intermediates in the SPEs and the low interfacial compatibility between the metal lithium anode and the SPE. In this work, the issues of solid/solid interfacial architecturing through atomic layer deposition of Al2O3 on poly(ethylene oxide)‐lithium bis(trifluoromethanesulfonyl)imide SPE surface are effectively addressed. The Al2O3 coating promotes the suppression of lithium dendrite formation for over 500 h. ASSLSBs fabricated with two layers of Al2O3‐coated SPE deliver high gravimetric/areal capacity and Coulombic efficiency, as well as excellent cycling stability and extremely low self‐discharge rate. This work provides not only a simple and effective approach to boost the electrochemical performances of SPE‐based ASSLSBs, but also enriches the fundamental understanding regarding the underlying mechanism responsible for their performance.
Ultrafine Co3O4 Nanoparticles within Nitrogen‐Doped Carbon Matrix Derived from Metal–Organic Complex for Boosting Lithium Storage and Oxygen Evolution Reaction
Authors: Zhang Jingyuan , Qian Bin , Sun Shuo , Tao Shi , Chu Wangsheng , Wu Dajun , Song Li 
Published: October 2019

AbstractTransition metal oxides have recently received great attention for application in advanced lithium‐ion batteries (LIBs) and oxygen evolution reaction (OER). Herein, the ethylenediaminetetraacetic cobalt complex as a precursor to synthesize ultrafine Co3O4 nanoparticles encapsulated into a nitrogen‐doped carbon matrix (NC) composites is presented. The as‐prepared Co3O4/NC‐350 obtained by pyrolysis at 350 °C demonstrates superior rate performance (372 mAh g−1 at 5.0 A g−1) and high cycling stability (92% capacity retention after 300 cycles at 1.0 A g−1) as anode for LIBs. When evaluated as an electrocatalyst for OER, the Co3O4/NC‐350 achieves an overpotential of 298 mV at a current density of 10 mA cm−2. The NC‐encapsualted porous hierarchical structure assures fast and continuous electron transportation, high activity sites, and strong structural integrity. This works offers novel complex precursors for synthesizing transition metal–based electrodes for boosting electrochemical energy conversion and storage.
Human induced pluripotent stem cell line with genetically encoded fluorescent voltage indicator generated via CRISPR for action potential assessment post-cardiogenesis
Authors: Sun Yao-Hui , Kao Hillary K.J. , Chang Che-Wei , Merleev Alexander , Overton James L. , Pretto Dalyir , Yechikov Sergey , Maverakis Emanual , Chiamvimonvat Nipavan , Chan James W. , Lieu Deborah K. 
Published: October 2019

Abstract
Genetically encoded fluorescent voltage indicators, such as ArcLight, have been used to report action potentials (APs) in human induced pluripotent stem cell-derived cardiomyocytes (hiPSC-CMs). However, the ArcLight expression, in all cases, relied on a high number of lentiviral vector-mediated random genome integrations (8-12 copy/cell), raising concerns such as gene disruption and alteration of global and local gene expression, as well as loss or silencing of reporter genes after differentiation. Here, we report the use of clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats (CRISPR)/Cas9 nuclease technique to develop a hiPSC line stably expressing ArcLight from the AAVS1 safe harbor locus. The hiPSC line retained proliferative ability with a growth rate similar to its parental strain. Optical recording with conventional epifluorescence microscopy allowed the detection of APs as early as 21 days postdifferentiation, and could be repeatedly monitored for at least 5 months. Moreover, quantification and analysis of the APs of ArcLight-CMs identified two distinctive subtypes: a group with high frequency of spontaneous APs of small amplitudes that were pacemaker-like CMs and a group with low frequency of automaticity and large amplitudes that resembled the working CMs. Compared with FluoVolt voltage-sensitive dye, although dimmer, the ArcLight reporter exhibited better optical performance in terms of phototoxicity and photostability with comparable sensitivities and signal-to-noise ratios. The hiPSC line with targeted ArcLight engineering design represents a useful tool for studying cardiac development or hiPSC-derived cardiac disease models and drug testing.
Natural and engineered bacterial outer membrane vesicles
Authors: Qing Guangchao , Gong Ningqiang , Chen Xiaohui , Chen Jing , Zhang Hong , Wang Yongchao , Wang Ruifang , Zhang Shouwen , Zhang Zhen , Zhao Xianxian , Luo Yang , Liang Xing-Jie 
Published: October 2019

Abstract
Bacterial outer membrane vesicle (OMV) is a kind of spherical lipid bilayer nanostructure naturally secreted by bacteria, which has diverse functions such as intracellular and extracellular communication, horizontal gene transfer, transfer of contents to host cells, and eliciting an immune response in host cells. In this review, several methods including ultracentrifugation and precipitation for isolating OMVs were summarized. The latest progresses of OMVs in biomedical fields, especially in vaccine development, cancer treatment, infection control, and bioimaging and detection were also summarized in this review. We highlighted the importance of genetic engineering for the safe and effective application and in facilitating the rapid development of OMVs. Finally, we discussed the bottleneck problems about OMVs in preparation and application at present and put forward our own suggestions about them. Some perspectives of OMVs in biomedical field were also provided.
Do combined ultrasound and electrocardiogram-rhythm findings predict survival in emergency department cardiac arrest patients? The Second Sonography in Hypotension and Cardiac Arrest in the Emergency Department (SHoC-ED2) study
Authors: Beckett Nicole , Atkinson Paul , Fraser Jacqueline , Banerjee Ankona , French James , Talbot Jo-Ann , Stoica George , Lewis David 
Published: October 2019

ABSTRACTObjectivesPoint-of-care ultrasound (POCUS) is used increasingly during resuscitation. The aim of this study was to assess whether combining POCUS and electrocardiogram (ECG) rhythm findings better predicts outcomes during cardiopulmonary resuscitation in the emergency department (ED).MethodsWe completed a health records review on ED cardiac arrest patients who underwent POCUS. Primary outcome measurements included return of spontaneous circulation (ROSC), survival to hospital admission, and survival to hospital discharge.ResultsPOCUS was performed on 180 patients; 45 patients (25.0%; 19.2%–31.8%) demonstrated cardiac activity on initial ECG, and 21 (11.7%; 7.7%–17.2%) had cardiac activity on initial POCUS; 47 patients (26.1%; 20.2%–33.0%) achieved ROSC, 18 (10.0%; 6.3%–15.3%) survived to admission, and 3 (1.7%; 0.3%–5.0%) survived to hospital discharge. As a predictor of failure to achieve ROSC, ECG had a sensitivity of 82.7% (95% CI 75.2%–88.7%) and a specificity of 46.8% (32.1%–61.9%). Overall, POCUS had a higher sensitivity of 96.2% (91.4%–98.8%) but a similar specificity of 34.0% (20.9%–49.3%). In patients with ECG-asystole, POCUS had a sensitivity of 98.18% (93.59%–99.78%) and a specificity of 16.00% (4.54%–36.08%). In patients with pulseless electrical activity, POCUS had a sensitivity of 86.96% (66.41%–97.22%) and a specificity of 54.55% (32.21%–75.61%). Similar patterns were seen for survival to admission and discharge. Only 0.8% (0.0–4.7%) of patients with ECG-asystole and standstill on POCUS survived to hospital discharge.ConclusionThe absence of cardiac activity on POCUS, or on both ECG and POCUS together, better predicts negative outcomes in cardiac arrest than ECG alone. No test reliably predicted survival.
Swiping in a variety of Ontario French
Authors: Ott Dennis , Therrien Raymond 
Published: October 2019

AbstractThis paper documents the existence ofswiping– that is, inversion of awh-phrase and its associated preposition under sluicing – in a non-Germanic language. We discuss swiping in a variety of Ontario French (Lafontaine French, LFF), which shares some of the characteristics of its extensively-studied English counterpart (Ross 1969, Merchant 2002, among others). We offer a preliminary description of swiping in LFF and consider some implications of these novel facts for the theory of swiping and sluicing. We suggest that LFF swiping supports an analysis in terms of non-constituent deletion, as originally suggested by Ross (1969) in his seminal work on sluicing.
Optimizing utilization of beta-lactam surgical prophylaxis through implementation of a structured allergy assessment tool in a presurgical clinic
Authors: Margallo John-Ericson P. , Smith Ethan A. , Marks Gregory , Ben-Aderet Michael , Yang Haoshu , Madhusudhan Meghan , Krishna Sneha , Duran Ann , Friedman Arnold , Cassel Suzanne L. , Tran Hai , Shane Rita , Murthy Rekha K. , Grein Jonathan D. 
Published: October 2019

AbstractIn patients with β-lactam allergies, administration of non–β-lactam surgical prophylaxis is associated with increased risk of infection. Although many patients self-report β-lactam allergies, most are unconfirmed or mislabeled. A quality improvement process, utilizing a structured β-lactam allergy tool, was implemented to improve the utilization of preferred β-lactam surgical prophylaxis.
Branching Brownian motion with spatially homogeneous and point-catalytic branching
Authors: Bocharov Sergey , Wang Li 
Published: October 2019

AbstractWe consider a model of branching Brownian motion in which the usual spatially homogeneous branching and catalytic branching at a single point are simultaneously present. We establish the almost sure growth rates of population in certain time-dependent regions and as a consequence the first-order asymptotic behaviour of the rightmost particle.
Julian Trevelyan, Walter Maclay and Eric Guttmann: drawing the boundary between psychiatry and art at the Maudsley Hospital
Authors: KEMPLEY EILÍS 
Published: October 2019

AbstractIn 1938, doctors Eric Guttmann and Walter Maclay, two psychiatrists based at the Maudsley Hospital in London, administered the hallucinogenic drug mescaline to a group of artists, asking the participants to record their experiences visually. These artists included the painter Julian Trevelyan, who was associated with the British surrealist movement at this time. Published as ‘Mescaline hallucinations in artists’, the research took place at a crucial time for psychiatry, as the discipline was beginning to edge its way into the scientific arena. Newly established, the Maudsley Hospital received Jewish émigrés from Germany to join its ranks. Sponsored by the Rockefeller Foundation, this group of psychiatrists brought with them an enthusiasm for psychoactive drugs and visual media in the scientific study of psychopathological states. In this case, Guttmann and Maclay enlisted the help of surrealist artists, who were harnessing hallucinogens for their own revolutionary aims. Looking behind the images, particularly how they were produced and their legacy today, tells a story of how these groups cooperated, and how their overlapping ecologies of knowledge and experience coincided in these remarkable inscriptions.
The Politics of Procedural Choice: Regulating Legislative Debate in the UK House of Commons, 1811–2015
Authors: Goet Niels D. 
Published: October 2019

AbstractThe historical development of rules of debate in the UK House of Commons raises an important puzzle:why do members of parliament (MPs) impose limits on their own rights?Despite a growing interest in British Political Development and the institutional changes of nineteenth-century UK politics, the academic literature has remained largely silent on this topic. Three competing explanations have emerged in studies of the US Congress, focusing on efficiency, partisan forces and non-partisan (or: ideology-based) accounts. This article falls broadly into the third category, offering a consensus-oriented explanation of the historical development of parliamentary rules. Working from a new dataset on the reform of standing orders in the House of Commons over a 205-year period (1811–2015), as well as records of over six million speeches, the author argues that MPs commit more quickly to passing restrictive rules in the face of obstruction when legislator preferences are proximate withinboththe opposition and government, and when polarization between both sides of the aisle is low. The research represents, to the author's knowledge, the first systematic anddirectionaltest of a range of competing theories of UK parliamentary reform, shedding light on the process of parliamentary reform over a prolonged period of Commons history, and advancing several new measures of polarization in the UK House of Commons.
The Advance of Marketization in North Korea: Between political rigidity and economic flexibility
Authors: KONG TAT YAN 
Published: October 2019

AbstractNorth Korea is a unique regime that has not followed the ‘mono-transition’ path (economic reform under modified one-party rule) of other surviving communist regimes (China, Vietnam, Cuba) in the post-Cold War era. Debates over North Korea's unique features (reluctance in economic reform, absence of political modification, international troublemaking) have generated two contending interpretations. The mainstream interpretation attributes North Korea's uniqueness to its regime's highly rigid political system (‘monolithic leadership system’). For the alternative interpretation, structural pressures and political calculus have driven the monolithic regime towards economic reform (‘marketization from above’), making it more convergent with the ‘mono-transition’ regimes, at least in the economic aspect. In support of the latter interpretation, this article will delve further into three contentious issues that represent the most common doubts about the advance of marketization in North Korea. First, how can the regime reconcile marketization with the interests of its ‘core constituencies’? Second, since ‘crony socialism’ exists, how does it influence distribution and productive activity? Third, how does marketization advance in view of the persistence of monolithic rule? In so doing, it will show how the sources of economic reform (structural factors and political calculus) have enabled the marketization constraints to be overcome.
Estimating leopard density across the highly modified human-dominated landscape of the Western Cape, South Africa
Authors: Devens Carolyn H. , Hayward Matt W. , Tshabalala Thulani , Dickman Amy , McManus Jeannine S. , Smuts Bool , Somers Michael J. 
Published: October 2019

AbstractApex predators play a critical role in maintaining the health of ecosystems but are highly susceptible to habitat degradation and loss caused by land-use changes, and to anthropogenic mortality. The leopardPanthera pardusis the last free-roaming large carnivore in the Western Cape province, South Africa. During 2011–2015, we carried out a camera-trap survey across three regions covering c. 30,000 km2of the Western Cape. Our survey comprised 151 camera sites sampling nearly 14,000 camera-trap nights, resulting in the identification of 71 individuals. We used two spatially explicit capture–recapture methods (RprogrammessecrandSPACECAP) to provide a comprehensive density analysis capable of incorporating environmental and anthropogenic factors. Leopard density was estimated to be 0.35 and 1.18 leopards/100 km2, usingsecrandSPACECAP, respectively. Leopard population size was predicted to be 102–345 individuals for our three study regions. With these estimates and the predicted available leopard habitat for the province, we extrapolated that the Western Cape supports an estimated 175–588 individuals. Providing a comprehensive baseline population density estimate is critical to understanding population dynamics across a mixed landscape and helping to determine the most appropriate conservation actions. Spatially explicit capture–recapture methods are unbiased by edge effects and superior to traditional capture–mark–recapture methods when estimating animal densities. We therefore recommend further utilization of robust spatial methods as they continue to be advanced.