bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Evaluation of Factors Driving Seasonal Nitrate Variations in Surface and Underground Systems of a Karst Catchment
Authors: Yue Fu-Jun , Li Si-Liang , Zhong Jun , Liu Jing 
Published: April 2018

Core Ideas
High NO3− concentrations were detected in an area with developed conduit networks and sinkholes.
Stable isotopes of water and NO3− were used to identify their transport.
Isotopic composition of NO3− was affected by denitrification, particularly in the wet season.
Water management should consider the linkage between N flux and rainfall.
A typical mixed‐land‐use karst catchment in Guizhou Province, southwestern China, with well‐developed conduit networks was studied to understand the spatiotemporal variability of nitrate sources and transformation processes. High nitrate concentrations were detected in the karstic study area, which is particularly vulnerable to anthropogenic pollution and is considered a representative catchment to understand the surface–underground system in southwestern China. The stable isotopes of water and nitrate (δDwater, δ18Owater, δ15Nnitrate, and δ18Onitrate) were used to identify nitrate sources and to assess seasonal variations in hydrological processes affecting nitrate levels. Monthly sampling indicated that nitrate flux is strongly related to agricultural activities and the intensity of rainfall, which can accelerate transport between the surface water (SFW) and underground water (UGW) systems. Nitrate in water samples showed nitrification characteristics and was mainly derived from the oxidation of reductive fertilizers including organic N fertilizer. The isotopic composition of nitrate was affected by denitrification, particularly in the wet season. Isotopic signatures indicate that moderate evaporation occurs during the dry season. Denitrification in underground conduits appears to be relatively minor compared with that in SFW. The results of this study suggest that rainfall is an important factor influencing N flux, which has implications for water management.
Quantifying Subsurface Lateral Flow along Sloping Horizon Boundaries in Soil Profiles of a Hummocky Ground Moraine
Authors: Filipović Vilim , Gerke Horst H. , Filipović Lana , Sommer Michael 
Published: April 2018

Core Ideas
Hydropedologic factors control subsurface lateral flow in eroded hillslope soils.
Depth to C horizon, hydraulic properties, and initial conditions are most sensitive.
Virtual 2D model experiment predicts effect of tracer injection on lateral movement.
Lateral flow at sloping C horizon surface locally separated from tracer plume.
Erosion‐induced feedback on subsurface lateral flow by varying depths to C horizon.
Subsurface lateral flow in hillslope soils depends on lower permeability or texture‐contrasting soil horizons. In the arable hummocky soil landscape, erosion processes caused glacial till appearance closer to the soil surface at upslope positions. The objective of this work was to quantify the potential for subsurface lateral flow depending on the erosion‐affected spatial hydropedological complexity. The eroded Haplic Luvisol profile was studied due to the presence of a relatively dense C horizon that varied in depth, thickness, and sloping angle. A two‐dimensional numerical modeling and sensitivity analysis for the saturated hydraulic conductivity (Ks) of the C horizon and the depth to C horizon (i.e., soil solum thickness) was performed for rainstorms in 2011 and 2012 using HYDRUS‐2D. A Ks value of ≤2.5 cm d−1 for the C horizon was required for lateral flow initiation. Lateral flow was (i) increasing with decreasing solum thickness, indicating an erosion‐induced feedback on subsurface lateral flow, and (ii) dependent on the soil moisture regime prior to rainstorms. The effect of lateral flow on the movement of a conservative tracer was simulated in the form of a “virtual experiment”. Simulation scenarios revealed only a relatively small lateral shift of the tracer plume caused by a local decoupling of water (already lateral) from subsequent tracer movement (still vertical). Longer term simulations suggested that, for the present conditions, lateral flow was limited mostly to occasional summer storm events. Even without considering preferential flow contribution to lateral flow, highly complex hydropedologic interactions are present in erosion‐affected heterogeneous soil profiles.
Natural characteristics analysis of aircraft wing box based on finite element method and measured data
Authors: Wei Zhang , Ling An Lu , Geng Xu Yi , Ping Wu Xiu , Qiang Gao Guo 
Published: April 2018

Compared with other mechanical products, aircraft structures have more rigorous requirements on flying performance, safety, reliability and service life. Based on the finite element method (FEM), the key component of the wing box model is explored in this paper, which provides a reference for the structure design and manufacture of aircraft wing box. The three-dimensional point cloud data of components are obtained by optical measurement systems, the deviation analysis between the point cloud model and the nominal model is carried out as a prerequisite, and then the natural characteristics of the model is analyzed. The results show that 99.15 % of the measured points have deviations within 0.38 mm, which verifies the accuracy of the nominal model. The first six modes are all bending modal shape, and the larger amplitude region mainly occurs in the wing ribs, which means its bending strength should be improved for structure design. Besides, the sixth-mode simultaneously result in front spar, stringer and rib bending vibration.
Impact of a multidimensional child cash grant programme on water, sanitation and hygiene in Nepal
Authors: Renzaho Andre , Chitekwe Stanley , Chen Wen , Rijal Sanjay , Dhakal Thakur , Chikazaza Ingrid R. , Dahal Pradiumna 
Published: April 2018

Abstract
The study evaluated the impact of a multidimensional child cash grant (CCG) programme on safe water, sanitation and hygiene (WASH) outcomes. The intervention district received a CCG providing 200 Nepalese Rupee per month for up to two children for poor families with children under five, a capacity building component for effective child sensitive social protection, and behaviour change activities in addition to existing standard social welfare services in the form of targeted resource transfers (TRTs) for eligible families. The control district received only TRTs for eligible families. Propensity scores were used in difference-in-differences models to compare the changes over time between the intervention and control groups. The intervention resulted in a 5.5% (p &lt; 0.01), 46.6% (p &lt; 0.001) and 42.2% (p &lt; 0.001) percentage points reduction in the proportion of households reporting drinking water from unimproved sources, having unimproved sanitation facilities, and practising unsanitary disposal of children's faeces, respectively. However, the prevalence of households practising inadequate water treatment methods did not differ between the intervention and comparison districts. In order to achieve WASH coverage in Nepal, strategies to scale up the intervention need to consider a social protection programme embedding different financial incentive and integrated capacity mechanisms.
Optimization of ozonation and peroxone process for simultaneous control of micropollutants and bromate in wastewater
Authors: Phattarapattamawong Songkeart , Kaiser Andreas Marius , Saracevic Ernis , Schaar Heidemarie Paula , Krampe Jörg 
Published: April 2018

Abstract
The study aims to simultaneously control micropollutants and bromate formations by using ozonation and peroxone process. The batch experiments were run with variations in specific ozone dose (SOD) and hydrogen peroxide-to-ozone (H2O2/O3) ratio. Based on the removal by ozonation and peroxone, micropollutants were categorized into three groups: non-reactive compounds (i.e. amidotrizoate), moderately reactive compounds (i.e. metoprolol, acesulfame potassium, bezafibrate, and benzotriazole), and highly reactive compounds (i.e. carbamazepine and diclofenac). For ozonation and peroxone process, the removals for highly reactive compounds and moderately reactive compounds were 82–99% and 29–99%, respectively. The removal of amidotrizoate was not observed in this study. The effect of ozonation on micropollutant removals was similar to the peroxone process. However, differences in bromate formation were observed. Bromate formation depended on the SOD, while addition of hydrogen peroxide suppressed the bromate formation. The peroxone process at the H2O2/O3 ratio of 0.3 was recommended to bromide-containing water below 100 µg·L−1 for simultaneous control of micropollutants and bromate. Enhancement in micropollutant removals, except for the non-reactive groups, was achieved with either higher SOD or the addition of hydrogen peroxide to ozonation. The micropollutant removal predicted from the second-order kinetic reaction with ozone and •OH exposures was higher than the observed data.
A large eddy simulation study to assess low-speed wind and baffle orientation effects in a water treatment sedimentation basin
Authors: Goodarzi Danial , Lari Kaveh Sookhak , Alighardashi Abolghasem 
Published: April 2018

Abstract
Hydraulic performance of clarifiers in water and wastewater treatment plants significantly affects the settling efficiency of suspended particles. Structural and ambient parameters can deteriorate this performance. Through a verified three dimensional numerical study, we evaluated hydraulic performance and settling efficiency in a rectangular clarifier with a nominal hydraulic retention time (HRT) of 1 h and options for structural baffles with angles of 20°, 30°, 45° and 70°. Large eddy simulation and Lagrangian particle tracing were used to trace particles 80 to 850 μm in diameter. A passive scalar tracer study was conducted to reveal discrepancies in nominal and real HRT. By posing a 5 m/s wind, ten different scenarios were simulated. The wind caused 17% and 6% reduction in HRT and settling efficiency, respectively. Baffles improved these indicators with the 45° baffle showing the best performance with an approximate settling efficiency of 93%. The study highlighted the importance of using baffles, in particular for small size particles for which influencing factors such as wind deteriorate their settling efficiency.
Pengaruh Pemberian Ekstrak Propolis terhadap Ekspresi TLR4 dan Apoptosis pada Jaringan Otak Tikus Model Traumatic Brain Injury (TBI)
Authors: Prasetyo Bowo Hery , Handono Kusworini , Dalhar Mochamad 
Published: April 2018

Traumatic brain injury (TBI) merupakan cedera kepala yang sering terjadi pada populasi di seluruh dunia. Selama cedera kepala terjadi reaksi kaskade inflamasi yang dihubungkan dengan aktivasi TLR4. Propolis adalah produk lebah dengan kandungan flavonoid tinggi yang mempunyai efek antioksidan, anti inflamasi, proteksi DNA, neuroprotektan, dan immunomodulator. Kandungan propolis berupa Caffeic Acid Phenethyl Ester (CAPE) dapat menekan reperfusi iskemia, mencegah aktifasi TLR4, menghambat produksi sitokin proinflamasi dan menghambat produksi ROS pada level transkripsi melalui supresi aktivasi NFkB sehingga akan menghambat apoptosis. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menguji pengaruh pemberian ekstrak propolis dalam berbagai dosis pada ekspresi TLR4 dan apoptosis di jaringan otak tikus Rattus norvegicus model trauma kapitis. Metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah imunohistokimia dan DNA terfragmentasi (TUNEL). Sampel dibagi menjadi 5 kelompok, yaitu:Â kelompok model trauma dan perlakuan propolis masing-masing dosisÂ 50mg, 100mg, dan 200mg, kontrol positif dan kontrol negatif. Pada akhir penelitian, tikus dikorbankan dan dibuat preparat otak untuk menilai ekspresi TLR4 dan apoptosis. Berdasarkan hasil analisis statistik, didapatkan hubunganÂ yang signifikan antara ekspresi TLR4 dan apoptosis sel otak tikus model traumatik dengan berbagai dosis propolis (p=0,000, r=-0,903, p=0,000, r=-0,907, Korelasi Pearson). Penelitian ini membuktikan bahwa propolis berpengaruh dalam penurunan ekspresi TLR4 dan apoptosis di sel otak tikus model trauma kapitis.
Pengetahuan Keluarga Berperan terhadap Keterlambatan Kedatangan Pasien Stroke Iskemik Akut di Instalasi Gawat Darurat
Authors: Rachmawati Dewi , Andarini Sri , Ningsih Dewi Kartikawati 
Published: April 2018

Keberhasilan tindakan dan peningkatan outcome pada stroke sangat bergantung pada kecepatan pasien dibawa ke instalasi gawat darurat namun sebagian besar pasien stroke iskemik akut datang terlambat. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui pengaruh pengetahuan tentang faktor risiko dan peringatan gejala stroke terhadap keterlambatan kedatangan pasien post serangan stroke iskemik akut di instalasi gawat darurat di RSUD Ngudi Waluyo Wlingi. Desain penelitian yang digunakan adalah cross sectional. Pengumpulan data dilakukan dengan memberikan kuesioner pada anggota keluarga pasien stroke iskemik akut yang dipilih secara consecutive sejumlah 58 orang dengan pertimbanganÂ mengetahui dan terlibat langsung membawa pasien ke instalasi gawat darurat. Analisis data dilakukan dengan menggunakan analisis univariat dan regresi linier berganda untuk mengetahui pengaruh pengetahuan terhadap keterlambatan. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan rata-rata skor pengetahuan responden adalah 8,55Â±SD 4,551 dan koefisien korelasi -0,303 (p=0,041). Dapat disimpulkan bahwa pengetahuan tentang faktor risiko dan peringatan gejala stroke menurunkan keterlambatan kedatangan pasien post serangan stroke iskemik akut.
Persepsi Mahasiswa Tentang Penyelenggaraan Program Intensif Bahasa pada Pusat Pengembangan Bahasa
Authors: Nurizzati Yeti 
Published: April 2018

Abstract: Language Development Center (PPB) IAIN Syekh Nurjati Cirebon is one of the Technical Implementation Unit of higher education related to intensive English and Arabic development program. All students from semester one to four must follow and graduate on this program. Assessment of the implementation of this program based on student perceptions of 100 samples is an evaluative study conducted by researchers. Using a questionnaire as a research instrument, it contains input, process, output, lecturers and staff indicators in the learning process. From the research results obtained conclusion that the assessment of the implementation of language intensive program on PPB IAIN Syekh Nurjati Cirebon based on students' perceptions goes pretty well. Most of the students considered that the lecturers of PPB had prepared the teaching well, mastered the taught material, and the exam questions were in accordance with the taught material. Some things that need to be improved are intensive course lectures held on Saturday Sunday, late module distribution, team teaching implementation that has not been optimal, and poor lecturer behavior. Keywords: Language intensive program, Perception
Riegos físicos en vendedores minoristas del Mercado de Bazurto, Caribe Colombiano
Authors: Gómez Palencia Patricia , Gómez Bustamante Edna , Severiche Sierra Carlos Alberto 
Published: April 2018

Objetivo: Identificar los factores de riesgos físicos como el ruido, la temperatura y la iluminación, de los vendedores de pescado minoristas del mercado de Bazurto, Cartagena de Indias. Método: Se realizó un estudio descriptivo, con variables cualitativas y cuantitativas; los autores del proyecto realizaron labores de campo logrando describir principales rasgos demográficos y mediciones a los diferentes riesgos presentados; La población objeto de estudio se realizó a 56 trabajadores del pabellón del mercado; se inició con la aplicación de una encuesta socio demográfica, luego entrevista a la población seleccionada y la realización de las mediciones de puestos áreas y ambientes de trabajo, Resultados: para el ruido se realizaron un total de veinte (20) mediciones de nivel de presión sonora (NPS)lo cual arrojo como resultado 11 puntos por encima del nivel permisible 85 db(A),Para la Iluminación se evaluaron un total de puntos de los cuales todos arrojaron niveles inferiores a los recomendados por el Reglamento técnico de iluminación y alumbrado público para instalaciones eléctricas- Retalip; el di confort térmico acerca de los dos puntos evaluados reportaron un régimen de trabajo del 75% al 100% de jornada laboral, la humedad relativa durante las mediciones oscilo entre 66 y 67 %, ubicándose en los rangos recomendados por el método LEST (Entre 40 y 70%), y como recomendación se sugiere lineamientos técnicos de las organizaciones OSHA , ACGIH RETALIP.
Diseño de un prototipo de contenedor-compactador de latas con muro verde en la Unidad Profesional Interdisciplinaria de Biotecnología / Design of a container prototype - can compactor with green wall in the Interdisciplinary Professional Unit of Biotechnology
Authors: García Monroy Ana Isabel , Martínez Allende Lucero , Linares González Engelbert Eduardo 
Published: April 2018

En la actualidad es transcendental reciclar residuos sólidos en las instituciones educativas, pues no se puede ser indiferente ante el cambio climático. En este sentido, la Unidad Profesional Interdisciplinaria de Biotecnología ha emprendido acciones importantes para clasificar residuos, como la creación de contenedores identificados con colores para su separación o garrafones de agua que son usados para rellenar botellas. Dentro de esta institución se cuenta con un comité ambiental constituido por estudiantes, los cuales han realizado jornadas informativas sobre la manera adecuada en que se pueden separare los residuos, aunque estas no han sido del todo efectivas. Por esta razón, se pretende recuperar, potencializar y articular lo trabajado en dicho comité mediante la incorporación de contenedores inteligentes que permitan motivar la separación integral y efectiva de los residuos generados en esta casa de estudios. El objetivo principal de este contenedor-compactador de latas es aumentar el reciclado y aprovechar los residuos sólidos que se generan en la unidad académica. Según la Secretaría del Medio Ambiente y Recursos Naturales, en México se producen alrededor de 42 millones de toneladas de residuos sólidos al año, lo cual equivale a 127 veces el volumen de la pirámide del sol de Teotihuacán y a 231 veces el estadio de futbol más grande de México. Por este motivo, se debe reflexionar y crear conciencia sobre el consumismo en el que estamos inmersos.
“Deixai vir a mim as criancinhas" o papel do círculo operário católico na constituição histórica da infância em Santa Catarina
Authors: Batista Rosa , Schmidt Leonete Luzia 
Published: April 2018

Neste trabalho procurou-se apresentar algumas reflexões sobre a constituição histórica da infância a partir da primeira inciativa de creche no Estado de Santa Catarina criada pelo Círculo Operário Católico de Joinville. O período vai de 1936 a 1949, vigência da direção de Padre Alberto Kolb do Círculo Operário Católico e da Creche Conde Modesto Leal daquele município. As fontes documentais são constituídas pelas Reminiscências do Círculo Operário, livros-arquivos, atas e fotografias, Jornais do Órgão Oficial Movimento dos Círculos Operários, pertencentes ao acervo dessa instituição. Observou-se que o período foi marcado por relações entre Igreja-Estado, caridade-filantropia, em torno da conservação e higienização da infância.
A objetividade matemática e o relativismo na Educação Matemática
Authors: Silveira Marisa Rosâni Abreu da , Teixeira Junior Valdomiro Pinheiro , Silva Paulo Vilhena da 
Published: April 2018

Este texto objetiva discutir o relativismo na Educação Matemática e suas consequências para a aprendizagem, principalmente quando a objetividade da Matemática é colocada em suspeição, ao considerar que a produção do conhecimento é relativa a cada cultura, sociedade e indivíduo. Para tanto, a partir de um ensaio teórico, analisamos a relação entre relativismo, ciência e Educação Matemática. Refletindo sobre a formação de sujeitos capazes de compreender a realidade de maneira cada vez mais elaborada, apontamos a Matemática escolar como instância socializadora dos conhecimentos sistematizados. Nossa análise busca evidenciar que a objetividade sempre esteve presente na construção da ciência e, nesse sentido, destacamos a objetividade da Matemática na filosofia da linguagem, esclarecendo como está entrelaçada com a linguagem, permitindo um conhecimento objetivo do mundo, contribuindo, a nosso ver, para o debate a respeito da valorização do saber escolar, em particular o matemático, tão importante para o desenvolvimento de qualquer sociedade.Palavras-chave: Educação Matemática. Objetividade. Relativismo.Mathematical objectivity and relativism in Mathematics EducationAbstract: This paper aims to discuss relativism in Mathematics Education and its consequences for learning, especially when the objectivity of Mathematics is put in suspicion, considering the production of knowledge relative to each culture, society and individual. To do so, from a theoretical essay, we analyze the relation between relativism, science and Mathematical Education. Reflecting on the formation of subjects capable of understanding reality in an increasingly elaborate way, we point the school Mathematics as a socializing instance of systematized knowledge. Our analysis seeks to show that objectivity has always been present in the construction of science and in this sense we highlight the objectivity of mathematics in the philosophy of language, clarifying how it is intertwined with language, allowing an objective knowledge of the world, contributing, in our view, for the debate on the valorization of school knowledge, in particular the mathematical one, so important for the development of any society.Keywords: Mathematics Education. Objectivity. Relativism.
Uma reflexão sobre pesquisas em Educação Matemática e Educação de Surdos
Authors: Soares Maria , Sales Elielson 
Published: April 2018

Este artigo integra a dissertação de mestrado profissional realizado no Instituto de Educação Matemática e Científica (IEMCI) da Universidade Federal do Pará (UFPA), e objetiva discutir pesquisas strictu sensu sobre Educação Matemática e Educação de Surdos. É um estudo de abordagem qualitativa, do tipo estado da arte, em que se analisa 31 pesquisas que se enquadram nos eixos temático formação de professores, adaptação curricular, Educação Matemática e comunicação, e ensino e aprendizagem. As pesquisas foram realizadas em quatro regiões brasileiras, com maior representatividade no sudeste e norte do Brasil, estando nesta última concentradas no IEMCI/UFPA. O estudo aponta um crescimento de pesquisas no âmbito da pós-graduação e evidencia a realidade do ensino para a educação inclusiva, com destaque a necessidade da prática da Libras no ensino de Matemática, o bilinguismo no ensino de surdos, a adaptação de materiais didáticos com instrumentos visuais, e a formação de educadores para a inclusão.
Palavras-chave: Educação Matemática. Educação de Surdos. Inclusão.