bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Ultrasound-guided single erector spinae plane block versus thoracic paravertebral block for patients undergoing video-assisted thoracoscopic lobectomy: a randomized controlled trial
Authors: Ma Danxu , Ren Huilong , Li Xueyang , Li Huili , Jiang Jia , Wu Anshi , Wang Yun 
Published: September 2019

Abstract
Background: Whether erector spinae plane (ESP) block can replace thoracic paravertebral block (TPVB) remains unknown. This study aimed to determine the efficacy and safety of ultrasound-guided ESP block compared with TPVB for postoperative analgesia after video-assisted thoracoscopic lobectomy under general anesthesia. Methods: This prospective randomized controlled trial divided patients into a control group, a TPVB group (0.3 mL/kg, 0.5% ropivacaine), and an ESP group (0.5 mL/kg, 0.5% ropivacaine). Dermatomes with loss of pinprick sensation, heart rate, and mean arterial pressure were recorded during 30 min after block administration. Visual analog scale (VAS) scores, total analgesic dose, and complications after surgery were recorded. Results: No obvious hemodynamic fluctuations occurred in the TPVB and ESP groups within 30 min after block administration. The segmental dermatomes with loss of pinprick sensation 30 min after regional block were 4.5 (1.1) dermatomes (T3–T7) in the TPVB group and 5.4 (1.2) dermatomes (T2–T8) in the ESP group. At 1 and 6 h after operation, VAS scores were lower in the TPVB group than in the control group (rest: 1h, P<0.001, 6h, P=0.004; cough: 1h, P<0.001, 6h, P<0.001), but at 18, 24, and 48 h, there was no significant difference (rest: 18h, P=0.18, 24h, P>0.99, 48h, P> 0.99; cough: 8h, P>0.99, 24h, P>0.99, 48h, P>0.99). VAS scores were similar in the TPVB and ESP groups at 1 h postoperatively (rest: P>0.99, cough: P>0.99), but were lower in the ESP group at 6, 18, 24, and 48 h (rest: 6h, P=0.018, 18h, P<0.001, 24h, P< 0.001, 48h, P<0.001; cough: 6h, P=0.004, 18h, P<0.001, 24h, P=0.004, 48h, P= 0.003). The doses of postoperative patient-controlled analgesia and rescue analgesia were lower in the TPVB and ESP groups than in the control group and were lower in the ESP group than in the TPVB group No block-related complications occurred. Conclusions: Single ESP block provided superior postoperative analgesia than TPVB, without causing any adverse effect.Trial registration: The study was approved by the ethics committee of Beijing Chaoyang Hospital (2017-ke-81). The trial was registered retrospectively at the Clinical Trial Registry of China (ChiCTR-INR-17011499) on May 26, 2017.
Micropulse transscleral diode laser cyclophotocoagulation a safe treatment for recalcitrant glaucoma with good visual potential using different laser source on MicroPulse MP3 probe.
Authors: Hamzeh Ammar , Annayef Azhar 
Published: September 2019

Abstract
Glaucoma is a challenging ocular disease with different but limited treatment approaches. Diode laser through sclera is a traditional way to decrease IOP in advanced glaucomatous eyes, but with micropulse (microsecond pulsing) delivery system it became safer and more effective. In this study we retrospectively summarized IOP changes in eyes that had been treated by micropulse transscleral diode laser cyclophotocoagulation. we focused on glaucomatous eyes that had relatively good visual acuity and we used a new combination of two devices from two different companies which were infrared 810 nm laser source from (LIGHTMED CORPORATION, Tuscan, TAIWAN) with different delivery system the MicroPulse MP3 handpiece probe from (Iridex, Mountain View, CA, USA) in this way we decrease cost and showed a comparable effectivity .
Measures of obesity and accepted cardio-metabolic disease risk factors from a peri-urban female farm working population in South Africa
Authors: Randeria Shehan , Joseph Danzil , Mentoor Ilze Lauren , Nell Theo 
Published: September 2019

Abstract
Background: Cardiovascular diseases (CVD) remains a primary cause of (central) obesity-associated mortality among African populations. Measures of adiposity are reported as prevalence’s in a South African (SA) female farm working population at risk for cardio-and metabolic disease related to body mass index, (BMI), waist-to-hip ratio (W:H), waist circumference (WC) and visceral adiposity index (VAI), biochemical and metabolic blood parameters.Methods: A cross-section of female farm workers (n=120) from the Boland region in SA between the ages 20-60 years were recruited and classified according to different anthropometric indices including BMI, W:H, WC and the VAI, and subsequently divided into normal- and at risk groups for each index. Blood samples were analysed for inflammatory markers, serum insulin, glucose and a full lipid profile.Results: Prevalence’s and significant differences for the different adiposity measures between normal and overweight groups were: (BMI: 25.8% - 74.2%; p<0.0001); (W:H: 57.5% - 42.5%; p<0.0001); (WC: 42.0% vs 58.3%; p<0.0001); and (VAI: 48.3% vs 51.7%; p<0.0001). Systolic blood pressure (p<0.01) and diastolic blood pressure (p=0.03) were different within the BMI grouping, as well as VAT% (p<0.001) and SAT% (p<0.01). Differences were reported for body mass, BMI, WC and VAI within the W:H and WC groupings. Systolic (p=0.04) and diastolic blood pressure (p=0.0009) were different in the WC grouping. Metabolic healthy and unhealthy women showed differences in BMI (p<0.05); W:H (p<0.0001); WC (p<0.0001). Systolic and diastolic blood pressure were different between metabolic healthy (p<0.05) and unhealthy women (p=0.0005). The inflammatory cytokines were similarly elevated in the normal and obese groups TNFα; (p<0.0001); IL-6; (p<0.01), MCP-1; (p=0.0001), and resistin; (p<0.0001). For the W:H, IL-6 (p<0.01) and blood glucose (p=0.006) were different. The WC grouping showed differences in resistin (p<0.0001), MCP-1 (p<0.0001, blood glucose (p<0.01, and insulin (p=0.0002). For metabolic healthy vs unhealthy women, resistin (p<0.0001); MCP-1 (p=0.0007); blood glucose (p<0.01) and insulin (p<0.05) were different.Conclusion: Women suffering from obesity showed a higher pro-inflammatory profile and higher risk for cardio-metabolic disease using the BMI as a measure of adiposity compared to WC, W:H and VAI.
Malaria-attributable fraction of fever episodes among HIV-seropositive patients in the Western highland area of Cameroon
Authors: TCHUINKAM Timoléon , Fopa François , Doro-Altan Anna Maria , Djikolbe-Gondje Innocent , Mendaza Maria Angeles , Djamouko-Djonkam Landre , Taafo Francis , Bamou Roland , Defo-Talom Armand , Poumachu Yacouba , Buonomo Ersilia , Mpoame Mbida 
Published: September 2019

Abstract
Background: Fever is the most frequent symptom for Malaria and HIV/AIDS, but it is non-specific; therefore it can’t be used efficiently in clinical diagnosis of malaria in hyperendemic zones. In hypoendemic areas of malaria, this assertion is not obvious, since people lack naturally acquired immunity. The present study aims at determining the Malaria-attributable fraction of fever episodes (MAFE) among HIV-positive patients in a hypoendemic highland area. Methods: During two-years prospective cross-sectional study, blood samples were collected from outpatients of an HIV/AIDS clinic and examined for the presence and density of malaria parasites. In addition to malaria related symptoms, some other patients’ data were recorded: sexe, age, body mass index (BMI), T-lymphocyte CD4 counts, viral loads, haemograms and transaminases measurements. Results: A total of 729 HIV-seropositive patients were enrolled into the study. Their mean Plasmodial infection rate and parasitaemia were: 0.823% and 1.050 parasites/µl of blood respectively; and were both significantly lower, compared to the control seronegative group, in contrast to our hypothesis. No significant difference was observed when the mean values of transaminases were compared between those with and without plasmodial infection. For the 119 (16.32%) febrile individuals found, the calculated MAFE was almost null (0.15%). Their mean CD4 count, red blood cells (RBC) count and haemoglobin rate were: 226 cell/µl, 3.83x10 6 RBC/µl and 10.4 g/dl respectively; and were all significantly lower than in the non-febrile group. However, malaria parasite infection rates and mean densities were similar in both groups. Likewise, there was no difference between: sex ratios, mean ages, BMI, total white blood cells counts and viral loads between the two groups. Conclusion: HIV infection in spite of the immunodeficiency induced does not enhance the risk of Plasmodium infection in hypoendemic highland settings. Even in the scarce cases of co-infection occurring here, malaria is rarely responsible for fever episodes. These fevers are indeed associated with higher anaemia and immunodeficiency, and likely due instead to opportunistic infectious diseases.
Sprayed cultured autologous keratinocytes in the treatment of severe burns: a retrospective matched cohort study
Authors: Karlsson Matilda , Steinvall Ingrid , Olofsson Pia , Thorfinn Johan , Sjöberg Folke , Åstrand Liselott , Fayez Safa , Khalaf Ahmed , P Divyasree , Elserafy Ahmed , Elmasry Moustafa 
Published: September 2019

Abstract
Objective: Cultured autologous keratinocytes were used to treat burns since 1981 with many challenges and variable clinical outcome. Our aim was to compare the duration of hospital stay between burned patients received skin grafts with and without cultured autologous keratinocytes, in a retrospective cohort study. Multivariable regression was used to analyse associations between duration of hospital stay and treatment adjusted for age, mortality, size, and depth of the burn. Then, we investigated the differentiation of human stem cell line to keratinocyte-like cells as a future perspective. Results : The median hospital stay in the group given cultured autologous keratinocytes (n=12) was 70 days (10 th – 90 th centile 50-141) and in the matched group 62 days (2 -196) (n=43), p=0.25. The multivariable regression analysis showed a coefficient of 17.36 (95 % CI -17.69 to 52.40), p= 0.32, for hospital stay in the treatment group, compared with the matched group. Our results showed no difference in the duration of hospital stay between the two groups. Therefore, further evaluation for this treatment is needed. Stem cells showed enhanced proliferation and differentiation when cultured on glass surface rather than the classical tissue culture plastic and should be considered for burn management research.
Developing a Vignette based Questionnaire to Assess Help Seeking Intention, Stigma and Perception regarding Peripartum Depression
Authors: Amarassinghe Gayani , Agampodi Suneth 
Published: September 2019

Abstract
Objectives
Depression is the commonest mental health problem in pregnancy. Health seeking for peripartum depression is heavily influenced by stigma and disease perceptions which need to be studied in order to design interventions to improve health seeking. Since quantitative studies on this are scares we decided to study stigma and perception regarding peripartum depression and its association with help seeking intention among pregnant women in Sri Lanka. This paper reports how a tool was designed and validated for this study.
Results
A self-completed questionnaire was developed based on a vignette of a postpartum mother with symptoms of peripartum depression. Vignette was used as people are not familiar with western disease descriptions. It also provided opportunity to study how participants construct meaning to typical symptoms of peripartum depression.
Stigma and perception regarding peripartum depression were presented as statements. Agreement to these statements after reading the vignette was to be marked in a likert scale.
The vignette and statements were constructed following discussions with local stakeholders, assessment of diagnostic criteria, global literature and survival stories. Expert validation by a multidisciplinary team and cognitive validation by pregnant women were conducted and pretested. It was developed in Sinhalese and translated to Tamil and English.
Divergent gas-exchange and chlorophyll fluorescence in F1 hybrids driving habitat differentiation compared to their parents in Buddleja
Authors: Gong Weichang , Chen Yaqing , Wang Jian , Yuan Han 
Published: September 2019

Abstract
Background Inter-specific hybridizations were common and can easily take place in Buddleja , and it was an important way for evolution and rapid speciation. The F1 hybrid in this study was a newly identified inter-specific hybridization between B. crispa and B. offic inalis in Sino-Himalayan region. In the natural hybrid zones, F1 hybrids always occupy different habitats from their parents. The objective of this study was to explore environmental acclimatization of F1 hybrids and their parents at physiological and biochemical levels.Results The results showed that F1 hybrids performed as an intermediate in adaptation to their parents, with divergent gas-exchange and chlorophyll fluorescence features. F1 hybrids showed the parallel light compensation point and light saturation point with their parents, but low utilization efficiency to low-light density. They synthesized the greatest total chlorophyll content (10.41 ± 0.56 mg•g -1 ) in leaves than their parents. During the diurnal variation of photosynthesis, F1 hybrids markedly decreased and preserved the stomatal conductance and leaf transpiration rate at a low level. However, they kept high carbon assimilation rate and water-use efficiency with markedly increased vapor pressure deficit. In F1 hybrids, the maximum net photosynthetic rate, maximum water-use efficiency and maximum vapor pressure deficit were 10.48 ± 0.50 mmol CO 2 •mmol -1 photo, 21.52 ± 2.20 µmol•mmol -1 and 4.18 ± 0.55 kPa, respectively. In addition, all Buddleja species performed well and grow healthy with high level of the maximum photochemical efficiency of PSII and low non-photochemical quenching, 0.83 ± 0.004 - 0.85 ± 0.004, and 1.22 ± 0.15 - 1.97 ± 0.08, respectively. In F1 hybrids, they showed great photochemical activity compared to their parental species with high photochemical quenching. Furthermore, the effective quantum yield and electron transport rate presented a similar behavior.Conclusions The results indicated that F1 hybrids have great photochemical activities and growth acclimatization compared to their parents. Associated with the growth performance of F1 hybrids in the homogenous garden, our results suggested that the divergent gas-exchange and chlorophyll fluorescence patterns may facilitate F1 hybrids to respond to different habitats, and to improve growth performance.
Feasibility of using MgSO4 and a self-designed inspiratory impedance threshold device in cardiac arrest-cardiopulmonary resuscitation study on porcine model
Authors: Li Chao , Gu Hai-Fei , He Xiao-Li , Zhang Yu , Min Jie-Qing , Zhou Yuan-Tao , Huang Lei , Zhang Ming , Cheng Li-Ming , Wu Ji-Lin , Du Wen-Kang , Li Li 
Published: September 2019

Abstract
Cardiac arrest (CA) and cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) have always been two research hotpots in emergency medicine. Problems such as optimizing animal CA models and promoting CPR efficiency are to be explored. Establishing animal CA models is the precondition of CPR study. Previous studies usually use electric shock or intravenous drug administration to induce CA in animals. Nevertheless, as electric shock is complicated to operate and the dosage for drug administration is difficult to control, many published animal CA models are not ideally stable and operable. In order to establish a stable and operable CA model for cardiac arrest- cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CA-CPR) research, this study established different pig CA models via intravenous administration of KCI, MgSO 4 and ketamine respectively, and subsequently performed CRP with a self-designed inspiratory impedance threshold device (SIITD). The success rate of CRP in different CA models was evaluated according to hemodynamic and biochemical parameters of pigs. Results demonstrated that in the CA model established by intravenous administration of MgSO 4 , cardiac output of pigs were significantly elevated and reached the normal range at 10-min after CPR, and other vital signs and biochemical parameters in this model exhibited recovery trends throughout CPR. This study provides a more effective CA model and new ideas in methodology of future CA-CPR research.
Land Use and Environmental Variables Influence Tetracycline‐Resistant Bacteria Occurrence in Southeastern Coastal Plain Streams
Authors: Duff Jason A. , Aslan Asli , Cohen Risa A. 
Published: September 2019

The global presence of antimicrobial resistance (AMR) in aquatic systems has the potential to influence public health by reducing antibiotic efficacy, and the environment by altering the structure and activity of microbial communities. Wastewater treatment plant (WWTP) discharge, agricultural runoff, and variables such as precipitation, warm temperatures, and nutrient availability are thought to increase AMR occurrence in the environment. In this study, we examined relationships between tetracycline‐resistant Escherichia coli counts and land use, precipitation, temperature, and nutrient availability within the Ogeechee River basin in Georgia. Due to its widespread use in agriculture and medicine, tetracycline was selected as a pathway for AMR occurrence in the study area. Tetracycline‐resistant E. coli levels were compared across WWTP effluent, agricultural runoff, and reference sites over 13 wk. Discharge from WWTPs had tetracycline‐resistant E. coli counts 2 to 50 times greater than reference sites. Tetracycline‐resistant E. coli counts were positively correlated with temperature and precipitation, indicating that environmental factors and runoff were significant contributors to the presence of AMR in this study. Furthermore, increased precipitation appeared to enhance the spatial scale of AMR in the Ogeechee River system; elevated levels of tetracycline‐resistant E. coli occurred at reference sites after a major precipitation event, but not during drier months. Results from this study suggest that considering both environmental conditions and land use could be useful for managing AMR in surface waters.Core Ideas
Agricultural runoff and wastewater effluent increased fecal bacteria in the river.
Wastewater treatment plant (WWTP) discharge increased tetracycline‐resistant bacteria levels.
Bacteria with antimicrobial resistance were transported farther after heavy precipitation.
Temperature and nutrients positively correlated with tetracycline‐resistant bacteria.
WWTP inputs to surface waters should be monitored for antimicrobial resistance.
Türkiye’de Ekolojik Ayak İzi ve Biyokapasite Arasındaki İlişki: Bootstrap Rolling Window Nedensellik Testi
Authors: Şimşek Türker , Bursal Mücella 
Published: September 2019

Çevresel
bozulmanın bir göstergesi olan ekolojik ayak izi son yıllarda literatürde yer
almaya başlamıştır. Bununla birlikte ekonomik gelişme, biyolojik çeşitlilik,
ekosistem hizmetleri ve insan refahı arasındaki ilişkilerin karmaşık hale
gelmesinden dolayı bu kavramın önemi siyasi mekanizmalar tarafından ihmal
edilmiş durumdadır. Bu çalışmada 1961-2016 yılları arasında ekolojik ayak izi
ve biyokapasite arasındaki ilişki nedensellik analiz yöntemi ile incelenmiştir.
Analiz sonuçlarına göre ilgili yıllarda hem ekolojik kapasiteden biyokapasiteye
hem de biyokapasiteden ekolojik kapasiteye nedensellik bulgusuna rastlanmış, bu iki değişkenin uzun dönem de birlikte
hareket ettiği sonucuna ulaşılmıştır.
PROFIL PENGEMBANGAN PROFESIONAL GURU
Authors: Sutrisno Budi , Aisyah Aisyah 
Published: September 2019

This study is to describe the developent of pedagogical competence, professional competence, personal competence, and social competence of the International Standard Pioneer School in State Senior High School 1 Temanggung. The focus in this study were teacher professional development of the international standard pioneer school in State Senior High School 1 Temanggung, by observing the development of pedagogical competence, competence professional, personal competence, and social competence of the international standard pioneer school in State Senior High School 1 Temanggung. The study is the qualitative research with the ethnography approach. This research was conducted in State Senior High School 1 Temanggung year 2010/2011, the source of the data obtained from the principal, vice principal, head of the International Standard Pioneer School programs, teachers, librarians, and students. Data collected by in-depth interviews, observation, and documentation. Validity of the data was done by triangulation techniques. Analysis of the data used is a model of interactive analysis. The results of this research can be concluded that the development of pedagogical competence of teachers of the international standard pioneer school in State Senior High School 1 Temanggung teachers include longer emphasizes the management aspects of learning, the development of professional competence include the aspect of improving the skills and aspects of knowledge, competence development aspects of personality include mental, spiritual, and the formation of professional ethics that provides a change in attitude teachers in managing learning, while the component that was developed in the social competence includes the development of emotional intelligence, and development of teachers' roles in professional organizations (MGMP). Developed in the fourth aspect is the competence of the teacher professional development efforts that improve teacher quality, and improving the quality of the learning process that led to improved quality of learning outcomes in schools RSMABI. Strategi used in the professional development of the international standard pioneer school in State Senior High School 1 Temanggung teachers is through training activities conducted both central and local government, or in-house training workshops held in schools, mentoring subject teachers by the facilitator / lecturer, teacher participation in professional organizations MGMP; procurement S-2 scholarships for further studies in Mathematics and Science teachers. Constraints are found covering the internal factors are lack of motivation of teachers, school layout, and inadequate infrastructure, as well as external factors are lack of support from Temanggung District government in improving the educational qualifications (S-2).
Dampak Komunikasi Siswa Terhadap Hasil Belajar Matematika Sekolah Dasar
Authors: Anggraeni Viana Teti , Sutama Sutama , Samino Samino 
Published: September 2019

This study aims at know 1) in the contribution learning strategy for achievement; 2) contribution communication math for achievement; 4) the interaction learning strategy shown from the communication math for achievement. This was a quasi-experimental study employing the nonequivalent comparison-group design. This study involved two experimental groups. The sampel comprised Grade V students of SDN I Pengkok consisting of 2 classes to determine the class receiving the treatment of the cooperative learning model of the TGT and the one receiving that of the TTW . The research instruments consisted of test and non-test instruments. The data were analyzed by theunivariate technique, namely the independent sample t-test ata significance level of 5%. The data were analyzed using the three way anova at a significance level of 5%. Follow up by a scheffe test fortwo-tailed test. The results of the study show that; 1) students who taught with TGT get higher achievement; 2) the students who have high math communication competence have better achieve- ment; 4) the students who taught TGT type get higher achievement and the students have high math communication competence get achievement