bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Deciphering the effects of nitrogen, phosphorus, and temperature on cyanobacterial bloom intensification, diversity, and toxicity in western Lake Erie
Authors: Jankowiak Jennifer , Hattenrath‐Lehmann Theresa , Kramer Benjamin J. , Ladds Megan , Gobler Christopher J. 
Published: February 2019

AbstractAlthough cyanobacterial harmful algal blooms (CHABs) are promoted by nutrient loading and elevated temperatures, the effects of these processes on bloom diversity are unclear. This study used traditional and next‐generation sequencing approaches to assess shifts in phytoplankton, cyanobacterial (16S rRNA), and microcystin‐producing (mcyE) communities during CHABs in western Lake Erie (Maumee and Sandusky Bays) in response to natural and experimental gradients of nitrogen (N), phosphorus (P), and temperature. CHABs were most intense near the Maumee and Sandusky Rivers and were dominated by Microcystis and Planktothrix, respectively. Sequencing of 16S amplicons revealed cryptic cyanobacterial diversity (47 genera) including high abundances of two distinct clades of Synechococcus in both bays and significant differences in community structure between nutrient‐rich nearshore sites and less eutrophic offshore sites. Sequencing of mcyE genes revealed low taxonomic (n = 3) but high genetic diversity (n = 807), with toxigenic strains of Planktothrix being more abundant than Microcystis and more closely paralleling microcystin concentrations. Cyanobacterial abundance significantly increased in response to elevated N, with the greatest increases in combined high N, P, and temperature treatments that concurrently suppressed green and brown algae. N significantly increased microcystin concentrations and the relative abundance of nondiazotrophic genera such as Planktothrix, while diazotrophic genera such as Dolichospermum and Aphanizomenon were, in some cases, enhanced by high P and temperature. While nutrients and elevated temperatures promote CHABs, differing combinations selectively promote individual cyanobacterial genera and strains, indicating management of both N and P will be required to control all cyanobacteria in Lake Erie, particularly as lake temperatures rise.
Degradation of macroalgal detritus in shallow coastal Antarctic sediments
Authors: Braeckman U. , Pasotti F. , Vázquez S. , Zacher K. , Hoffmann R. , Elvert M. , Marchant H. , Buckner C. , Quartino M. L. , Mác Cormack W. , Soetaert K. , Wenzhöfer F. , Vanreusel A. 
Published: February 2019

AbstractGlaciers along the western Antarctic Peninsula are retreating at unprecedented rates, opening up sublittoral rocky substrate for colonization by marine organisms such as macroalgae. When macroalgae are physically detached due to storms or erosion, their fragments can accumulate in seabed hollows, where they can be grazed upon by herbivores or be degraded microbially or be sequestered. To understand the fate of the increasing amount of macroalgal detritus in Antarctic shallow subtidal sediments, a mesocosm experiment was conducted to track 13C‐ and 15N‐labeled macroalgal detritus into the benthic bacterial, meiofaunal, and macrofaunal biomass and respiration of sediments from Potter Cove (King George Island). We compared the degradation pathways of two macroalgae species: one considered palatable for herbivores (the red algae Palmaria decipiens) and other considered nonpalatable for herbivores (the brown algae Desmarestia anceps). The carbon from Palmaria was recycled at a higher rate than that of Desmarestia, with herbivores such as amphipods playing a stronger role in the early degradation process of the Palmaria fragments and the microbial community taking over at a later stage. In contrast, Desmarestia was more buried in the subsurface sediments, stimulating subsurface bacterial degradation. Macrofauna probably relied indirectly on Desmarestia carbon, recycled by bacteria and microphytobenthos. The efficient cycling of the nutrients and carbon from the macroalgae supports a positive feedback loop among bacteria, microphytobenthos, and meiofaunal and macrofaunal grazers, resulting in longer term retention of macroalgal nutrients in the sediment, hence creating a food bank for the benthos.
N-Mixture Modeling of River Herring Egg Abundance and Distribution in the Tributaries of the Hudson River
Authors: Kowalik David M. , Eakin William W. 
Published: February 2019

Abstract
N-mixture models are often employed to estimate latent organismal abundance while concurrently accounting for detection probability. Our study offers a novel means for simultaneously measuring abundance, detection probability, and gear efficiency by focusing on a previously understudied and relatively immobile subject (river herring eggs). Custom-designed egg mats accommodating two individual collecting surfaces were deployed in two tributaries of the Hudson River (Fall Kill and Black Creek, New York) to collect anadromous river herring eggs during the spawn. Mats were orientated approximately parallel to streamflow under a stratified random sampling design. Strata were defined as three equidistant spatial segments measured from a given tributary's confluence with the main stem of the Hudson River to its first impassable barrier to fish migration. In total, 93 sites were surveyed, with the majority of eggs being detected within the upper two-thirds of each respective tributary. Throughout the course of the sampling season, an average of 1,585 eggs per egg mat subsampling event was recovered from the upper two strata of Black Creek, and 2,619 eggs per subsampling event were recovered from the upper two strata of the Fall Kill. In Black Creek, an egg density of 568 eggs per 58.1-cm2 egg mat subsample was observed over an average deployment duration of 3.7 d at a detection rate of 82%. In the Fall Kill, an egg density of 1,222 eggs per 58.1-cm2 subsample was observed over an average deployment duration of 3.9 d at a detection rate of 92%. The N-mixture negative binomial model outperformed Poisson and zero-inflated Poisson N-mixture models in estimating river herring egg abundance using Akaike's information criterion model comparison indices. In terms of iteration processing time, N-mixture modeling using the “unmarked” package in R proved to be more efficient than Bayesian-based hierarchical modeling processed through the “jagsUI” package.
Effect of d‐psicose substitution on gelatin based soft candies: A TD‐NMR study
Authors: Pocan Pelin , Ilhan Esmanur , Oztop Mecit Halil 
Published: February 2019

AbstractConfectionary gels are considered as composite gel systems composed of high amount of sugar and gelling agent such as gelatin or starch. d‐Psicose is classified as a type of rare sugar, which is a C‐3 epimer of fructose and has 70% of the sweetness of sucrose with a caloric value of 0.39 kcal/g. Utilization of d‐psicose in food products is gaining particular interest due to its low caloric value. In this study, gelatin‐based soft candies were formulated, and the effect of d‐psicose substitution was explored on the quality of the products. For characterization of the soft candies, moisture content, water activity, color, hardness, and glass transition temperature of samples were investigated. X‐ray diffraction analysis was also performed to explain the crystallization tendency of jelly candies. Results showed that, the softest sample with the highest moisture content and the smallest crystallization tendency was the sample that included the highest amount of d‐psicose. Time domain (TD) NMR relaxometry experiments were also conducted on gel samples, and three distinct proton populations were observed in the relaxation spectrum for all formulations. Spin–lattice relaxation times obtained through monoexponential fitting (T1) were also obtained to explain some quality parameters.
Evaluation of principal component analysis image denoising on multi‐exponential MRI relaxometry
Authors: Does Mark D. , Olesen Jonas Lynge , Harkins Kevin D. , Serradas‐Duarte Teresa , Gochberg Daniel F. , Jespersen Sune N. , Shemesh Noam 
Published: February 2019

PurposeMulti‐exponential relaxometry is a powerful tool for characterizing tissue, but generally requires high image signal‐to‐noise ratio (SNR). This work evaluates the use of principal‐component‐analysis (PCA) denoising to mitigate these SNR demands and improve the precision of relaxometry measures.MethodsPCA denoising was evaluated using both simulated and experimental MRI data. Bi‐exponential transverse relaxation signals were simulated for a wide range of acquisition and sample parameters, and experimental data were acquired from three excised and fixed mouse brains. In both cases, standard relaxometry analysis was performed on both original and denoised image data, and resulting estimated signal parameters were compared.ResultsDenoising reduced the root‐mean‐square‐error of parameters estimated from multi‐exponential relaxometry by factors of ≈3×, for typical acquisition and sample parameters. Denoised images and subsequent parameter maps showed little or no signs of spatial artifact or loss of resolution.
Conclusion
Experimental studies and simulations demonstrate that PCA denoising of MRI relaxometry data is an effective method of improving parameter precision without sacrificing image resolution. This simple yet important processing step thus paves the way for broader applicability of multi‐exponential MRI relaxometry.
ARF5/MONOPTEROS directly regulates miR390 expression in the Arabidopsis thaliana primary root meristem
Authors: Dastidar Mouli Ghosh , Scarpa Andrea , Mägele Ira , Ruiz‐Duarte Paola , von Born Patrick , Bald Lotte , Jouannet Virginie , Maizel Alexis 
Published: February 2019

AbstractThe root meristem is organized around a quiescent center (QC) surrounded by stem cells that generate all cell types of the root. In the transit‐amplifying compartment, progeny of stem cells further divides prior to differentiation. Auxin controls the size of this transit‐amplifying compartment via auxin response factors (ARFs) that interact with auxin response elements (AuxREs) in the promoter of their targets. The microRNA miR390 regulates abundance of ARF2, ARF3, and ARF4 by triggering the production of trans‐acting (ta)‐siRNA from the TAS3 precursor. This miR390/TAS3/ARF regulatory module confers sensitivity and robustness to auxin responses in diverse developmental contexts and organisms. Here, we show that miR390 is expressed in the transit‐amplifying compartment of the root meristem where it modulates response to exogenous auxin. We show that a single AuxRE located in miR390 promoter is necessary for miR390 expression in this compartment and identify that ARF5/MONOPTEROS (MP) binds miR390 promoter via the AuxRE. We show that interfering with ARF5/MP‐dependent auxin signaling attenuates miR390 expression in the transit‐amplifying compartment of the root meristem. Our results show that ARF5/MP regulates directly the expression of miR390 in the root meristem. We propose that ARF5, miR390, and the ta‐siRNAs‐regulated ARFs modulate the response of the transit‐amplifying region of the meristem to exogenous auxin.
A molecular electron density theory study of Diels‐Alder reaction between Danishefsky's diene and (2E)‐3‐phenyl‐2‐(trifluoromethyl) acrylonitrile
Authors: Afshari Tooba , Mohsennia Mohsen 
Published: February 2019

AbstractThe Diels‐Alder reaction between Danishefsky's diene (DD4) and (2E)‐3‐phenyl‐2‐(trifluoromethyl) acrylonitrile (EPTA5) at 393 K in the presence of toluene has been studied using the molecular electron density theory at the M06‐2X/6‐31G(d,p) computational level. The calculated relative Gibbs free energies indicated that the studied reaction takes place in a complete regioselective and stereoselective manner in which the most nucleophilic center of DD4is attacked by the most electrophilic center of EPTA5passing through the stationary point ofTS2n. It was shown that theTS2naffords the corresponding cycloadduct ofCA2nas the unique product in excellent agreement with the experimental outcomes. On the other hand, a great destabilizing steric repulsion between methoxy moiety of DD4and the trifluoromethyl moiety of EPTA5along the exo stereoselective approach is responsible for the predominance of the endo approach over the exo one. The nucleophilic and electrophilic Parr functions at the reactive sites of the DD4and EPTA5have been used to explain the regioselectivity of the Diels‐Alder reaction. According to the electron localization function analysis of the intrinsic reaction coordinate profile of the energetically most preferredTS2n, a nonconcertedtwo‐stage one‐stepmolecular mechanism has been proposed. The mechanism indicated the formation of C1C6 single bond through coupling of C1 to C6 and subsequent C4C5 single bond through coupling of C4 to C5 at cycloadductCA2n.
Can posttraumatic growth after breast cancer promote positive coping?—A cross‐lagged study
Authors: Hamama‐Raz Yaira , Pat‐Horenczyk Ruth , Roziner Ilan , Perry Shlomit , Stemmer Salomon M. 
Published: February 2019

AbstractObjectivesThe diagnosis of breast cancer can be associated with significant emotional distress, yet, over time, cancer survivors also may experience positive psychological changes labeled posttraumatic growth (PTG). Two alternative paths between coping strategies and PTG were tested among breast cancer patients, employing longitudinal design: Would PTG after medical treatment of breast cancer lead to an increase in reporting positive coping strategies; alternatively, would positive coping strategies after medical treatment of breast cancer lead to increased PTG.MethodsA longitudinal study was conducted among 198 breast cancer patients who completed validated self‐report scales, at five time points: at 3 months after completing active medical treatment (T1); after 6 months (T2); after 1 year (T3); after 2 years (T4); and after 7 years (T5). The current study analyzes three time points: T1, T3, and T5 using structural equation modeling.ResultsOur results support the path that describes the first alternative, that higher report of PTG after medical treatment of breast cancer patients would lead to increased report of positive coping strategies. In addition, positive coping strategies were found to be positively linked to PTG after 6 months, and the link was slightly stronger after 2 years. Nevertheless, 7 years after diagnosis, no association was found between positive coping strategies and PTG measurements.ConclusionsFinding positive meaning after coping with breast cancer, as reflected in PTG, may be a significant resource in coping with cancer, and it may lead to increase of positive coping strategies.
Analysis of Chemical Structure of Reduced Graphite Oxide Synthesized in Different Reduction Atmospheres
Authors: Shen Lu , Li Yong , Zhao Wenjie , Lu Huanming , Miao Lijing , Xie Weiping , Shui Xiaoxue , Wang Kui , Shen Bin 
Published: February 2019

AbstractIn this work, a comparative study of thermally reduced graphite oxide (rGO) materials prepared by thermal exfoliation and reduction of graphite oxide (GO) at the temperature of 300 °C and 600 °C under different atmospheres (air, N2, Ar, vacuum and H2) was investigated through kinds of characterizations. The evaluation of chemical structure and quality of the rGOs by these various atmospheres is of high importance and is attempted side‐by‐side for the first time in this paper. The order of C/O ratio of rGOs obtained at 600 °C is that HH‐rGO>HV‐rGO>HAr‐rGO≈HN‐rGO>HA‐rGO, whereas the effect of atmospheres on the rGOs obtained at 300 °C is not obvious. HH‐rGO possesses better restoration of π‐conjugated structure and the increased average size of sp2 carbon domains compared with other rGOs. rGOs with higher reduction degree result in the aggregation of rGO nanosheets and closer to graphite structure. TGA results proved the order of thermal stability is that HH‐rGO>HV‐rGO>HAr‐rGO≈HN‐rGO>HA‐rGO. Additionally, HH‐rGO could be easily exfoliated to few‐layer nanosheets compared with others according to the AFM measurement. We believe that the findings will deepen our understanding of graphene obtained via thermal exfoliation and reduction method.
Polyoxovanadate‐Based Inorganic‐Organic Derivatives Synthesized by the Activation of NHS Intermediate at Room Temperature
Authors: Xiao Zicheng , Huang Bo , Xu Shuang , Hu Xiaokang , Wu Pingfan 
Published: February 2019

AbstractTwo novel polyoxovanadate‐derived inorganic‐organic hybrids were prepared by step‐by‐step modification via N‐hydroxysuccinimide ester activation of a hexavanadate platform in this communication. Both the intermediate and products were structurally determined by IR, NMR, ESI‐MS and single‐crystal X‐ray diffraction. This work provides a new vision for the synthesis of polyoxovanadate‐based amino acids.
Effect of Alloyed BiOClxBr1‐x Nanosheets Thickness on the Photocatalytic Performance
Authors: Wu Xiufeng , Li Guangshe , Leng Zhihua , Wang Shuo , Zhang Nannan , Wang Yan , Li Jing , Li Liping 
Published: February 2019

AbstractPromoting the separation of electrons and holes for photocatalysis is still challenging. In this paper, alloyed BiOClxBr1‐x nanosheets are synthesized to enhance the separation of electrons and holes by means of adjusting the thickness and the exposing specific crystal facet of nanosheet. SEM shows that the average thicknesses of samples are in the range of 34.7 to 47.2 nm. TEM analysis demonstrates that alloyed nanosheets obtained by codeposition method at room temperature have an exposure of (001) facet. Compared with pure BiOCl or BiOBr nanosheets, BiOClxBr1‐x nanosheets exhibit a greatly enhanced photocatalytic activity for degrading RhB. In addition, BiOCl0.5Br0.5 (BC5) sample with nanosheet thickness of 34.7 nm displays the highest photocatalytic activity, which is 17‐time higher than that of pure BiOCl or BiOBr nanosheets. The superior photoactivity of BiOClxBr1‐x nanosheets is attributed to the diverse light absorption, alloyed effect and different diffusion distance along [001] orientation. This study presents a 2D photocatalyst for degrading toxic pollutants to remedy environmental pollution. The revealing about the effect of thickness on photocatalytic properties could provide a new method to study the photoelectric properties related to 2D nanomaterials.
High‐Performance Integrated Enzyme Cascade Bioplatform Based on Protein–BiPt Nanochain@Graphene Oxide Hybrid Guided One‐Pot Self‐Assembly Strategy
Authors: Liu Yan , Zheng Yuanlin , Chen Zhen , Qin Yuling , Guo Rong 
Published: February 2019

AbstractNanozymes provide new opportunities for facilitating next generation artificial enzyme cascade platforms. However, the fabrication of high‐performance integrated artificial enzyme cascade (IAEC) bioplatforms based on nanozymes remains a great challenge. A facile and effective self‐assembly strategy for constructing an IAEC system based on an inorganic/protein hybrid nanozyme, β‐casein‐BiPt nanochain@GO (CA‐BiPtNC@GO) nanohybrid with unique physicochemical surface properties and hierarchical structures, is introduced here. Due to the synergetic effect of the protein, GO, and Bi3+, the hybrid acts as highly adaptable building blocks to immobilize natural enzymes directly and noncovalently without the loss of enzyme activity. Simultaneously, the CA‐BiPtNC@GO nanohybrid exhibits outstanding peroxidase‐mimicking activity and works well with natural oxidases, resulting in prominent activity in catalyzing cascade reactions. As a result, the proposed IAEC bioplatform exhibits excellent sensitivity with a wide linear range of 0.5 × 10‐6 to 100 × 10‐6
m and a detection limit of 0.05 × 10‐6
m for glucose. Meticulous design of ingenious hierarchically nanostructured nanozymes with unique physicochemical surface properties can provide a facile and efficient way to immobilize and stabilize nature enzymes using self‐assembly instead of chemical processes, and fill the gap in developing robust nanozyme–triggered IAEC systems with applications in the environment, sensing, and synthetic biology.
Plasmon‐Enhanced Fluorescence Resonance Energy Transfer
Authors: Zong Huan , Wang Xinxin , Mu Xijiao , Wang Jingang , Sun Mengtao 
Published: February 2019

AbstractIn this review, we firstly introduce physical mechanism of fluorescence resonance energy transfer (FRET), the methods to measure FRET efficiency, and the applications of FRET. Secondly, we introduce the principle and applications of plasmon‐enhanced fluorescence (PEF). Thirdly, we focused on the principle and applications of plasmon‐enhanced FRET. This review can promote further understanding of FRET and PE‐FRET.
Transactions for trading used electric vehicle batteries: theoretical underpinning and information systems design principles
Authors: Bräuer Sebastian , Plenter Florian , Klör Benjamin , Monhof Markus , Beverungen Daniel , Becker Jörg 
Published: February 2019

AbstractProof-of-concept projects have demonstrated that used electric vehicle batteries (EVBs), after their removal from electric vehicles due to insufficient performance, can be repurposed for less demanding applications. It is expected that numerous batteries will be available for repurposing in the 2020s. However, the information asymmetries and transaction costs of trading used EVBs have remained unexplored, as have principles that guide the design of information systems that support the trade. Based on existing literature and in-depth interviews with battery experts, we conceptualize two key transactions for trading used EVBs. We then identify potential information asymmetries and transaction costs based on new institutional economic theory and propose five design principles that information systems should implement to address these information asymmetries and transaction costs. Subsequent research can build on our results to further frame the economic properties of trading used EVBs and to design information systems in line with new institutional economic theory.
Early versus late MCI: Improved MCI staging using a neuropsychological approach
Authors: Edmonds Emily C. , McDonald Carrie R. , Marshall Anisa , Thomas Kelsey R. , Eppig Joel , Weigand Alexandra J. , Delano‐Wood Lisa , Galasko Douglas R. , Salmon David P. , Bondi Mark W. ,   Alzheimer's Disease Neuroimaging Initiative
Published: February 2019

AbstractIntroductionThe Alzheimer's Disease Neuroimaging Initiative (ADNI) separates “early” and “late” mild cognitive impairment (MCI) based on a single memory test. We compared ADNI's MCI classifications to our neuropsychological approach, which more broadly assesses cognitive abilities.MethodsThree hundred thirty‐six ADNI‐2 participants were classified as “early” or “late” MCI. Cluster analysis was performed on neuropsychological test data, and participants were reclassified based on cluster results. These two staging approaches were compared on progression rates, cerebrospinal fluid biomarkers, and cortical thickness profiles.ResultsThere was little correspondence between the two staging methods. ADNI's early MCI group included a large proportion of false‐positive diagnostic errors. The reclassified neuropsychological MCI groups showed steeper survival curves and more abnormal biomarkers.ConclusionsOur novel neuropsychological approach improved the staging of MCI by (1) capturing individuals at an early symptomatic stage, (2) minimizing false‐positive cases, and (3) identifying a late MCI group further along the disease trajectory.