bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Quantitative Analysis of Twelve Active Components Combined With Chromatographic Fingerprint for Comprehensive Evaluation of Qinma Prescription by Ultra-Performance Liquid Chromatography Coupled With Diode Array Detection
Authors: Zhang Yi , Ding Yue , Zhang Tong , Jiang Xiaoyi , Yi Yaxiong , Zhang Lijuan , Chen Yi , Li Ting , Kang Ping , Tian Juanjuan 
Published: September 2019

Abstract
A combination method of ultra-performance liquid chromatography (UPLC) coupled with diode array detection has been developed for quality evaluation of Qinma prescription (QMP), based on chromatographic fingerprint technology with the similarity analysis (SA) and the quantitative analysis of 12 components by hierarchical cluster analysis (HCA). The established method has been validated by linearity, precision, repeatability, stability and recovery tests. The UPLC fingerprints with 17 common peaks of 5 QMP samples prepared by different extraction methods including water decoction extraction, water extraction-ethanol precipitation method, ethanol reflux extraction, ethanol extraction-water precipitation method and methanol ultrasonic extraction were obtained, and the SA results indicated that similarity index was greatly influenced by the large peak. The similarity index ranged from 0.816 to 0.999 basing on 17 peaks, which has been decreased to 0.683–0.999 basing on 16 peaks without the large peak of baicalin (BA). The results of simultaneous quantification of 12 components in these 5 QMP samples proved that BA, gallic acid (GA), wogonoside (WOG) and gentiopicroside (GEN) were the major ingredients in QMP with high contents &gt;1.44 (mg/g), indicating that ethanol reflux was the most effective extraction method. Integrating fingerprint analysis, simultaneous determination and HCA, the established method is rapid, sensitive, accurate and readily applicable. All the results indicated that the combination method can control the quality of QMP and its related traditional Chinese medicinal compounds more comprehensively and scientifically.
Thioredoxin-1 maintains mitochondrial function via mechanistic target of rapamycin signalling in the heart
Authors: Oka Shin-Ichi , Chin Adave , Park Ji Yeon , Ikeda Shohei , Mizushima Wataru , Ralda Guersom , Zhai Peiyong , Tong Mingming , Byun Jaemin , Tang Fan , Einaga Yudai , Huang Chun-Yang , Kashihara Toshihide , Zhao Mengyuan , Nah Jihoon , Tian Bin , Hirabayashi Yoko , Yodoi Junji , Sadoshima Junichi 
Published: September 2019

Abstract

Aims
Thioredoxin 1 (Trx1) is an evolutionarily conserved oxidoreductase that cleaves disulphide bonds in oxidized substrate proteins such as mechanistic target of rapamycin (mTOR) and maintains nuclear-encoded mitochondrial gene expression. The cardioprotective effect of Trx1 has been demonstrated via cardiac-specific overexpression of Trx1 and dominant negative Trx1. However, the pathophysiological role of endogenous Trx1 has not been defined with a loss-of-function model. To address this, we have generated cardiac-specific Trx1 knockout (Trx1cKO) mice.

Methods and results
Trx1cKO mice were viable but died with a median survival age of 25.5 days. They developed heart failure, evidenced by contractile dysfunction, hypertrophy, and increased fibrosis and apoptotic cell death. Multiple markers consistently indicated increased oxidative stress and RNA-sequencing revealed downregulation of genes involved in energy production in Trx1cKO mice. Mitochondrial morphological abnormality was evident in these mice. Although heterozygous Trx1cKO mice did not show any significant baseline phenotype, pressure-overload-induced cardiac dysfunction, and downregulation of metabolic genes were exacerbated in these mice. mTOR was more oxidized and phosphorylation of mTOR substrates such as S6K and 4EBP1 was impaired in Trx1cKO mice. In cultured cardiomyocytes, Trx1 knockdown inhibited mitochondrial respiration and metabolic gene promoter activity, suggesting that Trx1 maintains mitochondrial function in a cell autonomous manner. Importantly, mTOR-C1483F, an oxidation-resistant mutation, prevented Trx1 knockdown-induced mTOR oxidation and inhibition and attenuated suppression of metabolic gene promoter activity.

Conclusion
Endogenous Trx1 is essential for maintaining cardiac function and metabolism, partly through mTOR regulation via Cys1483.
Successful MitraClip for severe rheumatic mitral regurgitation: a case report
Authors: Wong Ningyan , Tan Peilin Cheryl Marise , Ding Zee Pin , Yeo Khung Keong 
Published: September 2019

Abstract

Background
Anatomical exclusion criteria for the MitraClip procedure have included rheumatic heart disease (RHD) involving the mitral valve. This was primarily because RHD is typically associated with mitral stenosis (MS).

Case summary
We report the case of an 85-year-old male who had recurrent heart failure admissions from severe rheumatic mitral regurgitation (MR). This was successfully treated with the MitraClip system.

Discussion
Our case demonstrated the possibility of rheumatic MR being treated by the MitraClip system in appropriately selected patients. Careful examination of the mechanism of MR to determine suitability for MitraClip must be done as well as exclusion of significant MS.
Development and Field Testing of a Long-Term Care Decision Aid Website for Older Adults: Engaging Patients and Caregivers in User-Centered Design
Authors: Hoffman Aubri S , Bateman Daniel R , Ganoe Craig , Punjasthitkul Sukdith , Das Amar K , Hoffman Derek B , Housten Ashley J , Peirce Hillary A , Dreyer Larissa , Tang Chen , Bennett Alina , Bartels Stephen J 
Published: September 2019

Abstract

Background and Objectives
Decisions about long-term care and financing can be difficult to comprehend, consider, and communicate. In a previous needs assessment, families in rural areas requested a patient-facing website; however, questions arose about the acceptability of an online tool for older adults. This study engaged older adults and family caregivers in (a) designing and refining an interactive, tailored decision aid website, and (b) field testing its utility, feasibility, and acceptability.

Research Design and Methods
Based on formative work, the research team engaged families in designing and iteratively revising paper drafts, then programmed a tailored website. The field test used the ThinkAloud approach and pre-/postquestionnaires to assess participants’ knowledge, decisional conflict, usage, and acceptability ratings.

Results
Forty-five older adults, family members, and stakeholders codesigned and tested the decision aid, yielding four decision-making steps: Get the Facts, What Matters Most, Consider Your Resources, and Make an Action Plan. User-based design and iterative storyboarding enhanced the content, personal decision-making activities, and user-generated resources. Field-testing participants scored 83.3% correct on knowledge items and reported moderate/low decisional conflict. All (100%) were able to use the website, spent an average of 26.3 min, and provided an average 87.5% acceptability rating.

Discussion and Implications
A decision aid website can educate and support older adults and their family members in beginning a long-term care plan. Codesign and in-depth interviews improved usability, and lessons learned may guide the development of other aging decision aid websites.
Onset of Ulcerative Colitis in a Patient with Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease (NAFLD): Dramatic Effect of Plant-based Diet for NAFLD
Authors: Chiba Mitsuro , Nakane Kunio , Abe Hitoshi , Komatsu Masafumi , Tozawa Haruhiko 
Published: September 2019

AbstractNonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) develops in ulcerative colitis (UC) and Crohn’s disease. However, there is scarce reporting on the onset of UC in patients with NAFLD.A 44-year-old man was diagnosed with UC and referred to us in 2019. His height was 166.0 cm, and body weight was 86.3 kg. The waist circumference was 93.7 cm (normal range <85) and triglyceride was 751 mg/dL. These findings, in addition to hypertension, resulted in a diagnosis of metabolic syndrome. HbA1c was normal. Ultrasonography disclosed severe fatty liver. Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease was diagnosed.He underwent 12 days of educational hospitalization for UC. A lacto-ovo-semi-vegetarian diet (1400 kcal/day), a kind of plant-based diet (PBD), was provided. He lost 4 kg, which was 4.6% of his base body weight. Triglyceride and total cholesterol decreased to the normal ranges. Transaminases and γ-glutamyl transpeptidase also decreased. His body weight decreased further after discharge. Follow-up ultrasonography indicated an improvement in hepatic enlargement. The shear wave velocity decreased from 1.11 to 0.88 m/s. His soft stool became normal stool by 2 months after discharge.Records of his health checkups revealed the presence of metabolic syndrome and abnormal liver function tests already in 2015. Thus, it was concluded that UC developed in a patient with NAFLD in this case. Plant-based diet has already been shown to be effective in inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). In the present case, NAFLD parameters were dramatically improved by PBD. Whether the improvement was due to weight loss per se or due to weight loss with PBD is to be clarified.
Laryngeal Carcinoma in Patients With Inflammatory Bowel Disease: Clinical Outcomes and Risk Factors
Authors: van de Ven Steffi E M , Derikx Lauranne A A P , Nagtegaal Iris D , van Herpen Carla M , Takes Robert P , Melchers Willem J G , Pierik Marieke , van den Heuvel Tim , Verhoeven Rob H A , Hoentjen Frank , Nissen L H C 
Published: September 2019

Abstract

Background
Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) patients are at increased risk for developing extra-intestinal malignancies, mainly due to immunosuppressive medication. The risk of developing head and neck cancer in immunosuppressed transplant patients is increased. The relation between IBD patients and laryngeal cancer (LC) remains unclear. We aimed (1) to identify risk factors in IBD patients for LC development and (2) to compare clinical characteristics, outcome, and survival of LC in IBD patients with the general population.

Methods
All IBD patients with LC (1993–2011) were retrospectively identified using the Dutch Pathology Database. We performed 2 case–control studies: (1) to identify risk factors, we compared patients with IBD and LC (cases) with the general IBD population; (2) to analyze LC survival, we compared cases with controls from the general LC population.

Results
We included 55 cases, 1800 IBD controls, and 2018 LC controls. Cases were more frequently male compared with IBD controls (P &lt; 0.001). For ulcerative colitis (UC), cases were older at IBD diagnosis (P &lt; 0.001). Crohn’s disease (CD) cases were more frequently tobacco users (P &lt; 0.001) and more often had stricturing (P = 0.006) and penetrating (P = 0.008) disease. We found no survival difference. Immunosuppressive medication had no impact on survival.

Conclusions
Male sex was a risk factor for LC in IBD patients. Older age at IBD diagnosis was a risk factor for UC to develop LC. Tobacco use and stricturing and penetrating disease were risk factors for LC development in CD patients. Inflammatory bowel disease was not associated with impaired survival of LC. Immunosuppressive medication had no influence on survival.
Effects of maternal supplementation with an injectable trace mineral on subsequent calf performance and inflammatory response1
Authors: Stokes Rebecca S , Volk Mareah J , Ireland Frank , Shike Daniel W 
Published: September 2019

Abstract
Newly weaned, commercial Angus steers [body weight (BW) = 204 ± 19 kg; n = 24; 12 steers from dams administered an injectable trace mineral (MM; Mulimin90) and 12 steers from control (CON) dams] were utilized to determine the effects of maternal supplementation with an injectable trace mineral on the inflammatory response of subsequent steers subjected to a lipopolysaccharide (LPS) challenge at the initiation of a 42-d receiving period. On day −2 steers were weaned, and the following day, shipped 354 km to the Beef Cattle and Sheep Field Laboratory in Urbana, IL. On day 0, steers were administered an intravenous LPS challenge. Body temperature and blood samples were collected from steers prior to LPS administration (0 h) and again at 0.5, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, and 6 h. Blood samples were analyzed for trace mineral and cortisol at 0 and 2 h and glucose, insulin, LPS-binding protein (LBP), interleukin-1β (IL-1β), interleukin-6 (IL-6), haptoglobin, ceruloplasmin, and fibrinogen at 0, 0.5, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, and 6 h. Calf BW was collected at trial initiation and subsequently every 14 d. Dry matter intake was collected daily and average daily gain (ADG) and feed efficiency were assessed. Initial plasma Zn tended (P = 0.06) to be greater for MM steers. However, there was no difference (P ≥ 0.31) in trace mineral status or serum cortisol at any other time. Total area under the curve (TAUC) for body temperature was lesser (P > 0.01) for MM steers. Basal LBP concentrations and TAUC for LBP tended (P ≤ 0.10) to be greater for MM steers. Peak concentration of IL-6 tended (P = 0.09) to be reached earlier for CON steers. However, there was no difference (P ≥ 0.11) in glucose, insulin, IL-6, ceruloplasmin, haptoglobin, and fibrinogen concentrations between treatments. Calf performance and feed efficiency did not differ (P ≥ 0.17) between treatments except ADG from day 28 to 42, which was greater (P = 0.03) for CON steers. Maternal supplementation with an injectable trace mineral tended to improve steer plasma Zn status at 0 h and tended to increase basal concentrations of LBP and overall LBP production when steers were administered an LPS challenge. Additionally, MM steers exhibited a more favorable change in body temperature following LPS administration. However, injectable trace mineral supplementation of dams during gestation had minimal to no effect on cytokine and acute-phase protein concentrations, as well as overall calf performance and efficiency during a 42-d receiving period.
Pathways to Implementation: Evidence on How Participation in Environmental Governance Impacts on Environmental Outcomes
Authors: Jager Nicolas W , Newig Jens , Challies Edward , Kochskämper Elisa 
Published: September 2019

AbstractThere is much enthusiasm among scholars and public administrators for participatory and collaborative modes of governance as a means to tackle contemporary environmental problems. Participatory and collaborative approaches are expected to both enhance the environmental standard of the outputs of decision-making processes and improve the implementation of these outputs. In this article, we draw on a database of 305 coded published cases of public environmental decision-making to identify key pathways via which participation fosters effective environmental governance. We develop a conceptual model of the hypothesized relationship between participation, environmental outputs, and implementation, mediated by intermediate (social) outcomes such as social learning or trust building. Testing these assumptions through structural equation modeling and exploratory factor analysis, we find a generally positive effect of participation on the environmental standard of governance outputs, in particular where communication intensity is high and where participants are delegated decision-making power. Moreover, we identify two latent variables—convergence of stakeholder perspectives and stakeholder capacity building—to mediate this relationship. Our findings point to a need for treating complex and multifaceted phenomena such as participation in a nuanced manner, and to pay attention to how particular mechanisms work to foster a range of social outcomes and to secure more environmentally effective outputs and their implementation.
Spontaneous Pneumopericardium in a U.S. Marine: Do not Lose Heart
Authors: Sherrier David , Lizardo Radhames E 
Published: September 2019

Abstract
We report an unusual case of extensive subcutaneous emphysema, pneumomediastinum, and pneumopericardium identified in an otherwise healthy U.S. Marine who was enrolled in the Marine Corps School of Infantry. His training regimen included prolonged periods of yelling and elevation changes during sustained hiking through hilly terrain. The patient presented to the Fast Track with normal vital signs but complained of dyspnea, cough, and subjective fevers. Although he lacked a history of trauma, he was found to have pneumopericardium, pneumomediastinum, and subcutaneous emphysema without pneumothorax. He was admitted to the general surgery service for observation and was ultimately released back to his unit after 24 hours. To our knowledge, pneumopericardium has never been attributed to persistent yelling in the setting of a lower respiratory tract infection and should be considered in the differential of atraumatic chest symptomatology in otherwise healthy military service members.
Driving massive molecular gas flows in central cluster galaxies with AGN feedback
Authors: Russell H R , McNamara B R , Fabian A C , Nulsen P E J , Combes F , Edge A C , Madar M , Olivares V , Salomé P , Vantyghem A N 
Published: September 2019

Abstract
We present an analysis of new and archival ALMA observations of molecular gas in 12 central cluster galaxies. We examine emerging trends in molecular filament morphology and gas velocities to understand their origins. Molecular gas masses in these systems span $10^9 {--}10^{11} {\rm \, M_{\odot }}$, far more than most gas-rich galaxies. ALMA images reveal a distribution of morphologies from filamentary to disc-dominated structures. Circumnuclear discs on kiloparsec scales appear rare. In most systems, half to nearly all of the molecular gas lies in filamentary structures with masses of a few $\times 10^{8{\text{--}}10}{\rm \, M_{\odot }}$ that extend radially several to several tens of kpc. In nearly all cases the molecular gas velocities lie far below stellar velocity dispersions, indicating youth, transience, or both. Filament bulk velocities lie far below the galaxy’s escape and free-fall speeds indicating they are bound and being decelerated. Most extended molecular filaments surround or lie beneath radio bubbles inflated by the central active galactic nuclei (AGNs). Smooth velocity gradients found along the filaments are consistent with gas flowing along streamlines surrounding these bubbles. Evidence suggests most of the molecular clouds formed from low entropy X-ray gas that became thermally unstable and cooled when lifted by the buoyant bubbles. Uplifted gas will stall and fall back to the galaxy in a circulating flow. The distribution in morphologies from filament to disc-dominated sources therefore implies slowly evolving molecular structures driven by the episodic activity of the AGNs.
Identification of asteroids using the Virtual Observatory: the WFCAM Transit Survey
Authors: Cortés-Contreras M , Jiménez-Esteban F M , Mahlke M , Solano E , Ďurech J , Barceló Forteza S , Rodrigo C , Velasco A , Carry B 
Published: September 2019

Abstract
The nature and physical properties of asteroids, in particular those orbiting in the near-Earth space, are of scientific interest and practical importance. Exoplanet surveys can be excellent resources to detect asteroids, both already known and new objects. This is due to their similar observing requirements: large fields of view, long sequences, and short cadence. If the targeted fields are not located far from the ecliptic, many asteroids will cross the field of view occasionally. We present two complementary methodologies to identify asteroids serendipitously observed in large-area astronomical surveys. One methodology focuses on detecting already known asteroids using the Virtual Observatory tool SkyBoT, which predicts their positions and motions in the sky at a specific epoch. The other methodology applies the ssos pipeline, which is able to identify known and new asteroids based on their apparent motion. The application of these methods to the 6.4 deg2 of the sky covered by the Wide-Field CAMera Transit Survey in the J-band is described. We identified 15 661 positions of 1821 different asteroids. Of them, 182 are potential new discoveries. A publicly accessible online, Virtual Observatory compliant catalogue was created. We obtained the shapes and periods for five of our asteroids from their light curves built with additional photometry taken from external archives. We demonstrated that our methodologies are robust and reliable approaches to find, at zero cost of observing time, asteroids observed by chance in astronomical surveys. Our future goal is to apply them to other surveys with adequate temporal coverage.
Dissecting Violence. Autopsy, Medical Expertise and Criminal Justice in Early Modern Flanders
Authors: Dekoster Kevin 
Published: September 2019

Abstract
Drawing on a sample of 875 forensic medical reports produced within the early modern County of Flanders, this contribution aims to analyse and explain some developments in the medico-legal discourse of violent crime. While sixteenth-century post-mortem reports essentially deal with assessing the lethality of wounds, later centuries witnessed a more elaborate approach to violent death, in which attempts were made to establish the relationship between a wound and fatality by reconstructing its pathology. In this way, medical expertise contributed to a more nuanced qualification of violent crime, thoroughly influencing judicial decision-making by bringing new attenuating circumstances into play, while adhering to a cautious empiricist epistemology. This cautiousness also constituted one of the weaknesses of the reports, making their content vulnerable to criticism by judicial officials whose primary concern was to resolve homicide cases.
Cortical hyperarousal in NREM sleep normalizes from pre- to post- REM periods in individuals with frequent nightmares
Authors: Blaskovich Borbála , Reichardt Richárd , Gombos Ferenc , Spoormaker Victor I , Simor Péter 
Published: September 2019

AbstractStudy ObjectivesFrequent nightmares have a high prevalence and constitute a risk factor for psychiatric conditions, but their pathophysiology is poorly understood. Our aim was to examine sleep architecture and electroencephalographic markers—with a specific focus on state transitions—related to sleep regulation and hyperarousal in participants with frequent nightmares (NM participants) versus healthy controls.MethodsHealthy controls and NM participants spent two consecutive nights in the sleep laboratory. Second night spectral power during NREM to REM sleep (pre-REM) and REM to NREM (post-REM) transitions as well as during NREM and REM periods were evaluated for 22 NM participants compared to 22 healthy controls with a similar distribution of age, gender, and dream recall frequency.ResultsWe found significant differences between the groups in the pre-REM to post-REM changes in low- and high-frequency domains. NM participants experienced a lower amount of slow-wave sleep and showed increased beta and gamma power during NREM and pre-REM periods. No difference was present during REM and post-REM phases. Furthermore, while increased pre-REM high-frequency power seems to be mainly driven by post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) symptom intensity, decreased low-frequency activity occurred regardless of PTSD symptom severity.ConclusionOur findings indicate that NM participants had increased high-frequency spectral power during NREM and pre-REM periods, as well as relatively reduced slow frequency and increased fast frequency spectral power across pre-and post-REM periods. This combination of reduced sleep-protective activity and increased hyperarousal suggests an imbalance between sleep regulatory and wake-promoting systems in NM participants.