bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Intervenção educativa na equipe de enfermagem diante dos cuidados paliativos
Authors: Beserra Viana Gleice Kelle , Da Silva Hashilley Alberto , Girão Lima Ana Karine , Almeida de Lima Ana Luiza , Lopes Mourão Carla Monique , Ferreira de Freitas Alisson Salatiek , Lopes Silva Aline Mayra , Dos Santos Elenilce Teixeira , Sousa Rodrigues Francisca Taciana 
Published: April 2018

Introdução: Estudos demonstram haver limitações acerca do conhecimento sobre Cuidados Paliativos (CP), bem como a existência de dificuldade em discutir sobre o assunto com os profissionais de enfermagem Objetivo: descrever a experiência, enquanto acadêmicas de enfermagem, durante o desenvolvimento e a implementação de uma atividade de intervenção educativa à equipe de enfermagem sobre CP. Métodos: Trata-se de um estudo descritivo do tipo relato de experiência, realizado a partir do programa de iniciação científica de um centro universitário, como projeto de extensão acadêmica, no período de agosto de 2015 a julho de 2016. Resultados e Discussão: A atividade educativa possibilitou o desenvolvimento do pensamento crítico, tanto para as acadêmicas que realizaram o estudo e conduziram a intervenção, como para os participantes da pesquisa, que, durante toda a atividade, foram instigados a contribuir de forma ativa com o processo de aprendizagem. Essa intervenção educativa permitiu que os participantes se apropriassem de estratégias de planejamento, comunicação e organização do cuidado prestado ao paciente que necessita de CP. Acredita-se que a participação dos alunos de graduação em Enfermagem em projetos de iniciação científica favorece a formação de sujeitos capazes de reconhecer e intervir em problemas reais, em busca de transformações sociais que libertem e transformem o meio em que atuam. Conclusão: Conclui-se que, durante a formação acadêmica de enfermagem, a participação em projetos de iniciação científica, bem como o desenvolvimento de atividades que envolvem estratégias educativas dinâmicas pode propiciar um impacto positivo no conhecimento do aluno, favorecendo a formação de um profissional com pensamento crítico-reflexivo e influente em seu campo de atuação.
Managing urinary incontinence in an acute mental health ward: A case study
Authors: McWilliams Caoimhe , Goddard Kim , Pegram Anne 
Published: April 2018

Urinary incontinence is a common condition. Its prevalence among patients with severe mental illness in acute inpatient settings is significant and often goes unrecognised. Obesity, high caffeine consumption and taking prescribed drugs known to exacerbate or cause incontinence are particular risk factors for this group of patients. The embarrassing and stressful nature of the condition can have a substantial impact on quality of life and limit activities, such as exercise and socialising that are important to both physical and mental health. Using a coaching approach, a 48-year-old woman with severe depression was supported to make simple lifestyle changes to manage her urinary incontinence. Using this approach rather than a traditionally prescriptive form of communication, nurses can combine motivational and emotional support; education, and assistance in accessing resources. The client's own vision is prioritised, leading to improving self-management and long-term outcomes.
Maternal critical care: Informing and influencing local commissioners
Authors: Rogan Margaret , Morrow Gillian 
Published: April 2018

Background Relatively little is known about women who receive higher levels of care within maternity services, such as women with unanticipated pregnancy complications, high-risk pregnancies, complex maternal medical conditions and/or obstetric complications, and women who are or become critically ill. Aim To inform local health commissioners on the complexity of activity in a tertiary referral maternity and neonatal service. Methods A retrospective audit was completed, applying a local modification of the Intensive Care Society's levels of support for critical care agreed by obstetric, anaesthetic and midwifery teams. The audit included 525 women cared for in the designated critical care rooms over 1 year. Findings The findings show that haemorrhage (40%), hypertensive disorders (16%) and sepsis (12%) were the main reasons for maternal critical care, with 44% of women requiring levels 2 and 3 critical care. This audit confirmed adequate, equitable provision of appropriate maternal critical care, but identified a need for written guidance and training programmes on the transfer of critically ill pregnant or postpartum women. Conclusions This audit found that a standardised approach to local and regional data collection and agreed definitions of maternal critical care levels were essential for effective commissioning of maternity services to ensure funding by the local commissioning group is influenced by acuity and not births alone.
Hospital postnatal discharge and sepsis advice: Perspectives of women and midwifery students
Authors: Haith-Cooper Melanie , Stacey Tomasina , Bailey Fran 
Published: April 2018

Background Women are discharged home from hospital increasingly early, but there is little evidence examining the postnatal hospital discharge process and how this may impact on the health of women and babies. In particular, there is little on sepsis prevention advice, despite it being the biggest direct cause of maternal mortality. Aim To explore the perceptions of women and senior student midwives related to the postnatal hospital discharge process and maternal sepsis prevention advice. Methods Three focus group interviews were undertaken, involving 9 senior student midwives and 14 women attending paid or specialist classes for vulnerable migrant women. Findings All participants believed that the postnatal hospital discharge process was inadequate, rushed and inconsistent. Sepsis advice was patchy and the condition underplayed. Conclusions Cost effective, time-efficient and innovative ways to impart vital information are required to support the postnatal hospital discharge process.
The Alzheimer's Disease Home Hospice Knowledge Scale: development, validity and reliability
Authors: Sela-Katz Pnina , Werner Perla 
Published: April 2018

Background: Several instruments are available to assess knowledge about hospice care, but none specifically address knowledge about home hospice for persons with Alzheimer's disease (AD). Aim: To develop and validate the Alzheimer's Disease Home Hospice Knowledge Scale (AD-HHK-S). Methods: A total of 107 Israeli family caregivers of persons with dementia (mean age=71.2; 73% female) participated in the study. Results: The AD-HHK-S included 28 true/false items assessing 3 areas of knowledge: knowledge about hospice, knowledge about home hospice, and knowledge about home hospice for AD. Good internal reliability was found, with Cronbach alpha ranging from 0.72 to 0.85. Good face, construct and predictive validity were found. Conclusions: The AD-HHK-S proved to be a valid and reliable tool to assess knowledge about hospice care in the area of AD. It might provide an effective tool for palliative care nurses to communicate with family caregivers of persons with AD at the end of life.
Asking terminally ill patients about their preferences concerning place of care and death
Authors: Neergaard Mette Asbjoern , Brogaard Trine , Vedsted Peter , Jensen Anders Bonde 
Published: April 2018

Background: Asking patients with palliative care needs about their end-of-life (EoL) preferences is widely acknowledged as an important aspect of EoL care. However, the issue of how to ask patients these questions has not been fully explored. Most prior studies in this area do not differentiate between patients' pragmatic preferences and ideal preferences, and between preferences concerning place of care (PoC) and place of death (PoD). Aim: The aim of this study was to examine possible differences between pragmatic and ideal preferences of terminally ill patients, as well as differences between asking patients about preferences concerning PoC and PoD. Methods: Structured interviews were performed with terminally ill cancer patients at inclusion and a follow-up questionnaire was completed 1 month later. Answers were compared using kappa (k) statistics and Pearson's c2–test. Results: Among 96 cancer patients, agreement between pragmatic and ideal preferences was statistically significantly different (p=<0.001). Agreement between preferences for PoC and PoD was high (k:0.76–0.85). Conclusion: Differences exist between pragmatic and ideal EoL preferences, whereas preferences for PoC and PoD were found to be similar. These findings highlight the importance of the phrasing of questions when uncovering patients' preferences for EoL care.
Reviews
Authors: Mutard Bruce , Tversky Barbara 
Published: April 2018

Abstract
A Theory of Narrative Drawing, Simon Grennan (2017) Palgrave Studies in Comics and Graphic Novels, London: Palgrave Macmillan, 280 pp., ISBN 978-1-13752-165-1, h/bk, £56.09
Drawing as a Way of Knowing in Art and Science, Gemma Anderson (2017) Bristol: Intellect, 275 pp., ISBN: 978-1-78320-810-4, h/bk, £74/$98.50
The magnified glass of liberation: A review of fictional drawings
Authors: O’Donnell Lucy 
Published: April 2018

Abstract
The article uses an inactive creative period to consider drawing as a type of fiction. The writing style adheres to academic conventions; however, the author’s autobiographical experiences and wonderings are critical in exploring drawings fictions. It revisits making and thinking to explore drawing and philosophizing as speculative commutable passages of exploration and inquiry. The article chronicles the preparation of fictional drawings for a ‘Fictional museum of drawing’ created by Phil Sawdon. This article reworks Sawdon’s site of fictional drawing, advocating drawings fictions as twofold, as rooted in foresight where predisposed thinking is navigated and anticipation reigns. The other recognition of fiction focuses upon the material illusions of thought. It plays on the autobiographical disposition of drawing/writing redrafting spatial origination of words to become diverse and contradictory graphics of language that displace the blank page. The fictions of the drawings/writings reviewed in the paper reappraise syntactical devices and worded conventions, where the works reorganize conventions from both drawing and writing using illusion and paradox to unsteady their material.
The importance of medium specificity in writing and drawing
Authors: Blore Francis 
Published: April 2018

Abstract
The intent of this essay is to consider the relationship between writing and drawing. The article will take a critical look at a set of propositions from the discourse on drawing which discuss the common ground shared by the two mediums. It will begin by considering how the modes were interlaced within Mel Bochner’s 1966 Working Drawings and Other Visible Things on Paper Not Necessarily Meant to Be Viewed as Art, and then turn its attention to ideas from such figures as Hélène Cixous and Taro Amano. By addressing questions such as both mediums’ allegiances in thought, form and the making of meaning, the hope is to suggest that within similarity there is still room for difference. The article will conclude by touching upon the work of Hanne Darboven to propose that the awareness of difference creates distinct ways to use both mediums to powerful effect.
Effects of different degrees of acidity and concentration of bleaching agents on human enamel mineral content and surface morphology over time
Authors: Andrade Alessandra Pereira , Shimaoka Angela Mayumi , Cardoso Marcio Vivan , Carvalho Rubens Côrte Real 
Published: April 2018

Objective: The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of pH and concentration of bleaching agents on the mineral content and surface morphology of human dental enamel for 14 days. Material and Methods: Eighty human central incisors were randomly divided into 8 groups (n=10): G1-7.5% hydrogen peroxide/pH=9.0; G2–9.5% hydrogen peroxide/pH=9.0; G3-7.5% hydrogen peroxide/pH=7.0; G4-9.5% hydrogen peroxide/pH=7.0; G5-10% carbamide peroxide/pH=5.0; G6-16% carbamide peroxide/pH=5.0; G7-37% phosphoric acid 15s (positive control); G8-no treatment (negative control). The mineral analysis of the bleaching gel collected was assessed by ICP-AES and surface morphology was observed by SEM. Results: Friedman and Dunn’s statistical test demonstrated significant differences among the proposed treatments (p<0.01). No significant difference was found among groups treated with hydrogen peroxide (G1, G2, G3, and G4) or among groups G5, G6 and G7 (p>0.01). However, the latter groups showed significantly higher values as compared to groups G1, G2, G3 and G4 (p<0.01). Conclusion: Alteration in enamel mineral content may not be influenced by concentration when bleaching agents with the same pH are compared. The most apparent alterations in mineral content and surface morphology may be noted when more acidic products are used. The daily mineral content measurement may not be influenced by repeated applications of bleaching agents. KeywordsDental bleaching; Mineral content; Enamel; Peroxide; Demineralization; pH.
Effect of different concentrations of nanohydroxyapatite on tooth bleaching effectiveness and enamel bond strength
Authors: Ferraz Laura Nobre , Vieira Júnior Waldemir Francisco , Ambrosano Gláucia Maria Bovi , Giorgi Maria Cecília Caldas , Aguiar Flávio Henrique Baggio , Lima Débora Alves Nunes Leite 
Published: April 2018

Objective: To evaluate the effect of 35% hydrogen peroxide (35% HP) combined to different concentrations of nanohydroxyapatite (nHA) on the effectiveness of dental bleaching (superficial enamel and deep dentin) and enamel bond strength. Material and Methods: Fifty bovine dental specimens (5x5x2mm) were divided into 5 groups, according to the treatments (n = 10): no bleaching (negative control); 35% HP (positive control); 35% HP+ 5% nHA; 35% HP + 10% nHa; and 35% HP + 15% nHA. Three in-office bleaching sessions were made. The color analysis was performed on the enamel surface and the opposite dentin, using a spectrophotometer. The results were expressed in the CIE L*a*b* system. After this, the adhesive system was applied to the tooth structure, and the dental specimens received a composite restoration. The microshear bond strength test was performed 24 h after the restoration. Data were submitted to ANOVA and Tukey's test (?=0.05). Results: For the enamel color analysis, all bleached groups differed statistically from the unbleached group, with increasing L* values and decreasing b* values. The addition of different concentrations of nHA did not interfere with the bleaching effectiveness for the enamel and opposite dentin. For microshear bond strength, no statistically significant differences were presented between groups. The adhesive failure rate of the 35% HP + 10% nHA group was lower than the 35% HP group and similar to the negative control. Conclusion: The addition of different concentrations of nHA in 35% of hydrogen peroxide did not interfere with the bleaching efficacy of enamel and deep dentin and did not affect the enamel bond strength after bleaching KeywordsEnamel; Shear strength; Tooth bleaching.
Cover
Authors: Nozaki Thaís , Gonçalves Sergio Eduardo de Paiva 
Published: April 2018

Title: Como se ama Illustration Illustrator: Thaís Nozaki Editora Esthamária The Illustration is part of the Brazilian Rhapsody’s libretto, composed by Zélia Marão, produced and presented at CAEB (Eduardo Bonetti Environmental Center).
Sustained Expression of Negative Regulators of Myelination Protects Schwann Cells from Dysmyelination in a Charcot–Marie–Tooth 1B Mouse Model
Authors: Florio Francesca , Ferri Cinzia , Scapin Cristina , Feltri M. Laura , Wrabetz Lawrence , D'Antonio Maurizio 
Published: April 2018

Schwann cell differentiation and myelination in the PNS are the result of fine-tuning of positive and negative transcriptional regulators. As myelination starts, negative regulators are downregulated, whereas positive ones are upregulated. Fully differentiated Schwann cells maintain an extraordinary plasticity and can transdifferentiate into “repair” Schwann cells after nerve injury. Reactivation of negative regulators of myelination is essential to generate repair Schwann cells. Negative regulators have also been implicated in demyelinating neuropathies, although their role in disease remains elusive. Here, we used a mouse model of Charcot–Marie–Tooth neuropathy type 1B (CMT1B), the P0S63del mouse characterized by ER stress and the activation of the unfolded protein response, to show that adult Schwann cells are in a partial differentiation state because they overexpress transcription factors that are normally expressed only before myelination. We provide evidence that two of these factors, Sox2 and Id2, act as negative regulators of myelinationin vivo. However, their sustained expression in neuropathy is protective because ablation of Sox2 or/and Id2 from S63del mice of both sexes results in worsening of the dysmyelinating phenotype. This is accompanied by increased levels of mutant P0 expression and exacerbation of ER stress, suggesting that limited differentiation may represent a novel adaptive mechanism through which Schwann cells counter the toxic effect of a mutant terminal differentiation protein.SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENTIn many neuropathies, Schwann cells express high levels of early differentiation genes, but the significance of these altered expression remained unclear. Because many of these factors may act as negative regulators of myelination, it was suggested that their misexpression could contribute to dysmyelination. Here, we show that the transcription factors Sox2 and Id2 act as negative regulators of myelinationin vivo, but that their sustained expression in Charcot–Marie–Tooth type 1B (CMT1B) represents an adaptive response activated by the Schwann cells to reduce mutant protein toxicity and prevent demyelination.
Structure and Pharmacological Properties of a Molluscan Glutamate-Gated Cation Channel and its Likely Role in Feeding Behavior
Authors: Stühmer Thorsten , Amar Muriel , Harvey Robert J. , Bermudez Isabel , van Minnen Jan , Darlison Mark G. 
Published: April 2018

We describe the isolation of a molluscan (Lymnaea stagnalis) full-length complementary DNA that encodes a mature polypeptide (which we have named Lym-eGluR2) with a predicted molecular weight of 105 kDa that exhibits 44–48% identity to the mammalian kainate-selective glutamate receptor GluR5, GluR6, and GluR7 subunits. Injection ofin vitro-transcribed RNA from this clone intoXenopus laevisoocytes results in the robust expression of homo-oligomeric cation channels that can be gated byl-glutamate (EC50 = 1.2 ± 0.3 μm) and several other glutamate receptor agonists; rank order of potency: glutamate ≫ kainate > ibotenate > AMPA. These currents can be blocked by the mammalian non-NMDA receptor antagonists 6,7-dinitroquinoxaline-2,3-dione, 6-cyano-7-nitroquinoxaline-2,3-dione, and 1-(4-chlorobenzoyl)piperazine-2,3-dicarboxylic acid. Ionic-replacement experiments have shown that the agonist-induced current is carried entirely by sodium and potassium ions.In situhybridization has revealed that the Lym-eGluR2 transcript is present in all 11 ganglia of theLymnaeaCNS, including the 4-cluster motorneurons within the paired buccal ganglia. The pharmacological properties and deduced location of Lym-eGluR2 are entirely consistent with it being (a component of) the receptor, which has been identified previously on buccal motorneurons, that mediates the excitatory effects of glutamate released from neurons within the feeding central pattern generator.
INDO-1 Measurements of Absolute Resting and Light-Induced Ca2+Concentration inDrosophilaPhotoreceptors
Authors: Hardie Roger C. 
Published: April 2018

Absolute Ca2+levels in dissociatedDrosophilaphotoreceptors were measured using the ratiometric indicator dye INDO-1 loaded via patch pipettes, which simultaneously recorded whole-cell currents. In wild-type photoreceptors, the ultraviolet (UV) excitation light used to measure fluorescence elicited a massive Ca2+influx that saturated the dye (>10 μmCa2+), but lagged the electrical response by 2.8 msec. Resting Ca2+levels in the dark, measured during the latent period before the response, averaged 160 nmin normal Ringer’s (1.5 mmCa2+). Ca2+increases in response to weak illumination were estimated (1) by using a weak adapting stimulus before the UV excitation light and measuring Ca2+during the latent period; and (2) by usingninaEmutants with greatly reduced rhodopsin levels. Ca2+rose linearly as a function of the time integral of the light-sensitive current with a slope of 2.7 nm/pC. In the transient receptor potential (trp) mutant, which lacks a putative light-sensitive channel subunit, the slope was only 1.1 nm/pC, indicating a 2.5-fold reduction in the fractional Ca2+current. From these data, it can also be estimated that >99% of the Ca2+influx is effectively buffered by the cell. In Ca2+-free Ringer’s, resting cytosolic Ca2+was reduced (to 30–70 nm), but contrary to previous reports, significant light-induced increases (∼250 nm) could be elicited. This rise was reduced to <20 nmwhen extracellular Na+was replaced withN-methyl-d-glucamine, suggesting that it could be attributed to Na+influx altering the Na/Ca exchanger equilibrium. It is concluded that any light-induced release from internal stores amounts to <20 nm.
The Dynamics of Dendritic Structure in Developing Hippocampal Slices
Authors: Dailey Michael E. , Smith Stephen J 
Published: April 2018

Time-lapse fluorescence confocal microscopy was used to directly visualize the formation and dynamics of postsynaptic target structures (i.e., dendritic branches and spines) on pyramidal neurons within developing hippocampal tissue slices. Within a 2 week period of time, pyramidal neurons in cultured slices derived from early postnatal rat (postnatal days 2–7) developed complex dendritic arbors bearing numerous postsynaptic spines. At early stages (1–2 din vitro), many fine filopodial protrusions on dendrite shafts rapidly extended (maximum rate ∼2.5 μm/min) and retracted (median filopodial lifetime, 10 min), but some filopodia transformed into growth cones and nascent dendrite branches. As dendritic arbors matured, the population of fleeting lateral filopodia was replaced by spine-like structures having a low rate of turnover. This developmental progression involved a transitional stage in which dendrites were dominated by persistent (up to 22 hr) but dynamic spiny protrusions (i.e., protospines) that showed substantial changes in length and shape on a timescale of minutes. These observations reveal a highly dynamic state of postsynaptic target structures that may actively contribute to the formation and plasticity of synaptic connections during CNS development.