bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Molecular digitization of a botanical garden: high-depth whole-genome sequencing of 689 vascular plant species from the Ruili Botanical Garden
Authors: Liu Huan , Wei Jinpu , Yang Ting , Mu Weixue , Song Bo , Yang Tuo , Fu Yuan , Wang Xuebing , Hu Guohai , Li Wangsheng , Zhou Hongcheng , Chang Yue , Chen Xiaoli , Chen Hongyun , Cheng Le , He Xuefei , Cai Hechen , Cai Xianchu , Wang Mei , Li Yang , Sahu Sunil Kumar , Yang Jinlong , Wang Yu , Mu Ranchang , Liu Jie , Zhao Jianming , Huang Ziheng , Xu Xun , Liu Xin 
Published: January 2019

Abstract

Background
Genome sequencing has been widely used in plant research to construct reference genomes and provide evolutionary insights. However, few plant species have had their whole genome sequenced, thus restraining the utility of these data. We collected 1,093 samples of vascular plant species growing in the Ruili Botanical Garden, located in southwest China. Of these, we sequenced 761 samples and collected voucher specimens stored in the Herbarium of China National GeneBank.

Results
The 761 sequenced samples represented 689 vascular plant species from 137 families belonging to 49 orders. Of these, 257 samples were identified to the species level and 504 to the family level, using specimen and chloroplast sequences. In total, we generated 54 Tb of sequencing data, with an average sequencing depth of 60X per species, as estimated from genome sizes. A reference phylogeny was reconstructed with 78 chloroplast genes for molecular identification and other possible applications.

Conclusions
The large dataset of vascular plant genomes generated in this study, which includes both high-depth whole-genome sequencing data and associated voucher specimens, is valuable for plant genome research and other applications. This project also provides insight into the feasibility and technical requirements for “planetary-scale” projects such as the 10,000 Plant Genomes Project and the Earth BioGenome Project.
Capacity building and personal empowerment: participatory food costing in Nova Scotia, Canada
Authors: Monteith Hiliary , Anderson Barbara , Williams Patricia L 
Published: January 2019

AbstractFood insecurity impacts millions of people globally. It has been recognized as a priority and a human right by the United Nations where empowerment of women is identified as a significant goal in addressing food insecurity. In the Maritime Province of Nova Scotia (NS), Canada, more than one in five children live in food insecure households. Since 2002, participatory action research (PAR) has been an integral component of food costing in NS with an aim to support capacity building for food security. Building on earlier research that examined short-term outcomes, and recognizing a lack of research examining outcomes of PAR processes, this study aimed to explore the medium-term individual capacity building processes and outcomes of women involved in Participatory Food Costing (PFC). Findings revealed that capacities were built with respect to interrelated themes of ‘awareness, participation, personal development, readiness to change, political impact, influence on others, self-esteem, project growth and project continuity’. In addition, the involvement of these women in PFC resulted in both personal empowerment and food security-related policy change. Involving vulnerable populations through PAR is valuable in influencing health-related policy.
Chain-like ground states in three dimensions
Authors: Lazzaroni Giuliano , Stefanelli Ulisse 
Published: January 2019

AbstractWe investigate the minimization of configurational energies of Brenner type. These include two- and three-body interaction terms, which favor the alignment of first neighbors. In particular, such configurational energies arise in connection with the molecular-mechanical modeling of covalent$sp$-bonding in carbon. Ground states in three dimensions are characterized and the stability of chains and rings is discussed. The interaction energy is then augmented with terms corresponding to weaker interactions favoring the stratification of configurations. This gives rise to stratified structures, which are reminiscent of nanoscrolls and multi-wall nanotubes. Optimal stratified configurations are identified and their geometry is discussed.
Bold diagrammatic Monte Carlo in the lens of stochastic iterative methods
Authors: Li Yingzhou , Lu Jianfeng 
Published: January 2019

Abstract
This work aims at understanding of bold diagrammatic Monte Carlo (BDMC) methods for stochastic summation of Feynman diagrams from the angle of stochastic iterative methods. The convergence enhancement trick of the BDMC is investigated from the analysis of condition number and convergence of the stochastic iterative methods. Numerical experiments are carried out for model systems to compare the BDMC with related stochastic iterative approaches.
Emerging roles of metabolites of ω3 and ω6 essential fatty acids in the control of intestinal inflammation
Authors: Nagatake Takahiro , Kunisawa Jun 
Published: January 2019

Abstract
The gastrointestinal tract is continuously exposed to the external environment, which contains numerous non-self antigens, including food materials and commensal micro-organisms. For the maintenance of mucosal homeostasis, the intestinal epithelial layer and mucosal immune system simultaneously provide the first line of defense against pathogens and are tightly regulated to prevent their induction of inflammatory responses to non-pathogenic antigens. Defects in mucosal homeostasis lead to the development of inflammatory and associated intestinal diseases, such as Crohn’s disease, ulcerative colitis, food allergy and colorectal cancer. The recent discovery of novel dietary ω3 and ω6 lipid-derived metabolites—such as resolvin, protectin, maresin, 17,18-epoxy-eicosatetraenoic acid and microbe-dependent 10-hydroxy-cis-12-octadecenoic acid—and their potent biologic effects on the regulation of inflammation have initiated a new era of nutritional immunology. In this review, we update our understanding of the role of lipid metabolites in intestinal inflammation.
The Danish unique personal identifier and the Danish Civil Registration System as a tool for research and quality improvement
Authors: Mainz Jan , Hess Mikkel Hagen , Johnsen Søren Paaske 
Published: January 2019

Abstract
All countries want to improve the health of their populations and to improve the quality of care and patient safety. Consequently, there is an ongoing need to assess and document population health, the quality of care and patient safety using valid and reliable data. This requires the ability to monitor the same individuals over time as they receive prevention, diagnostics, treatments, care and rehabilitation and experience improvements or deteriorations in their health or healthcare. This is, however, a challenge for most healthcare systems. A prerequisite to such data is the unique personal identifier. This perspective on quality paper describes the experience with the unique personal identifier in Denmark, based on the Danish Civil Registration System (DCRS) as a tool for research in epidemiology, health services research, quality improvement and patient safety. DCRS has been celebrating its 50 years anniversary.
Historical Population Size Change and Differentiation of Relict Populations of the Endangered Giant Kangaroo Rat
Authors: Statham Mark J , Bean William T , Alexander Nathan , Westphal Michael F , Sacks Benjamin N 
Published: January 2019

AbstractFrom a conservation management perspective it is important to understand how genetic diversity is partitioned across a species’ range, including 1) identification of evolutionarily distinct units versus those recently isolated through anthropogenic activities and 2) the relative genetic contributions among components of fragmented (meta)populations. To address these questions, we investigated the phylogeography and metapopulation structure among relict populations of the endangered giant kangaroo rat (Dipodomys ingens) in the highly altered San Joaquin Desert Ecosystem. This keystone species underwent a ~97% range reduction over the past century, resulting in a current range that is highly fragmented, with 2 dominant northern and southern populations occurring 150 km apart. We sequenced >800 bp of mitochondrial DNA and genotyped 17 nuclear microsatellites in >275 D. ingens to assess the evolutionary relationship of these populations as well as the genetic structure within the northern metapopulation. A Bayesian Skyline Plot indicated that the species experienced a demographic expansion toward the end of the Pleistocene, with a recent population decline. Northern and southern D. ingens split 1857–13 443 years ago, prior to the massive conversion of the San Joaquin Valley to irrigated agriculture. We recommend that the northern and southern populations of D. ingens be re-classified as distinct population segments under the United States Endangered Species Act. We also observed population structure and asymmetrical migration within northern D. ingens where the Tumey Hills acted as a source contributing gene flow to all peripheral populations. This emphasized the importance of this location in the conservation of the metapopulation as a whole.
Deep Brain Stimulation for Pain in the Modern Era: A Systematic Review
Authors: Frizon Leonardo A , Yamamoto Erin A , Nagel Sean J , Simonson Marian T , Hogue Olivia , Machado Andre G 
Published: January 2019

Abstract

BACKGROUND
Deep brain stimulation (DBS) has been considered for patients with intractable pain syndromes since the 1950s. Although there is substantial experience reported in the literature, the indications are contested, especially in the United States where it remains off-label. Historically, the sensory-discriminative pain pathways were targeted. More recently, modulation of the affective sphere of pain has emerged as a plausible alternative.

OBJECTIVE
To systematically review the literature from studies that used contemporary DBS technology. Our aim is to summarize the current evidence of this therapy.

METHODS
A systematic search was conducted in the MEDLINE, EMBASE, and Cochrane libraries through July 2017 to review all studies using the current DBS technology primarily for pain treatment. Study characteristics including patient demographics, surgical technique, outcomes, and complications were collected.

RESULTS
Twenty-two articles were included in this review. In total, 228 patients were implanted with a definitive DBS system for pain. The most common targets used were periaqueductal/periventricular gray matter region, ventral posterior lateral/posterior medial thalamus, or both. Poststroke pain, phantom limb pain, and brachial plexus injury were the most common specific indications for DBS. Outcomes varied between studies and across chronic pain diagnoses. Two different groups of investigators targeting the affective sphere of pain have demonstrated improvements in quality of life measures without significant reductions in pain scores.

CONCLUSION
DBS outcomes for chronic pain are heterogeneous thus far. Future studies may focus on specific pain diagnosis rather than multiple syndromes and consider randomized placebo-controlled designs. DBS targeting the affective sphere of pain seems promising and deserves further investigation.
Metabolic Enhancement of the Soldier Brain
Authors: Friedl Karl E. , Grate Stephen J. 
Published: January 2019

Abstract
This chapter highlights current understanding of human limits of performance, with emphasis on soldier-related research and the mechanisms of stress that typically affect soldier performance. How we exercise, eat, rest, and manage our emotions has a major effect on brain metabolism and human performance. The specific “prescription” for individuals is not yet defined, but minimum thresholds can be proposed, including some form of daily physical activity; regular, adequate sleep; and a balanced diet. The US Army is the primary US federal agency charged with a research mission in performance physiology. Current research by the Army will result in specific recommendations on mode and dose of exercise, restorative sleep strategies, and specific dietary components, with broad dual-use applications to healthy active Americans. The most important conclusion to date is that these self-moderating strategies can yield major benefits to brain health and performance, and this emphasizes personal responsibility.
Brain–Computer Interfaces and Neurofeedback for Enhancing Human Performance
Authors: Sitaram Ranganatha , Corzo Andrea Sánchez , Zurita Mariana , Levican Constanza , Huepe-Artigas Daniela , Mucarquer Juan Andrés , Ramírez Matías 
Published: January 2019

Abstract
Brain–computer interfaces (BCIs), also known as brain–machine interfaces (BMIs), are a group of experimental procedures in which an external sensor is used to provide information about a specific brain process in order to change the measured quantity. A BCI acquires signals from the brain of a human or an animal using any one or more of these sensors, then selects or extracts specific features of interest from the signal and converts and then translates these into artificial output that can act on the body or the outside world. A BCI may influence human performance by replacing, restoring, supplementing, or enhancing brain function. In this chapter, we discuss the extant research in terms of experimental work and neuroscience understanding of the application of BCIs and neurofeedback systems in influencing human performance in different brain functions, namely, action, perception, cognition, and emotion, in healthy individuals, expert performers, and patients.
Challenges and Future Prospects
Authors: Friel Sharon 
Published: January 2019

Abstract
This chapter in the book looks forward. It begins by calling for a wider conceptual and methodological toolkit among public health researchers—one that includes systems science, social sciences as well as a focus on policymaking processes. The next part of the chapter proposes a policy vision. It considers how progressive policy systems might be created and deployed to reign in consumption, and it sets out some options for intersectoral action designed to achieve greater equality, environmental sustainability, and health equity. A focus is on how reducing material inequity produces systemic effects that are preconditions for responding to climate change as well as for achieving health equity. The chapter also reviews some of the existing global policy responses to climate change and health inequity. While acknowledging that the proposed policy vision and actions to achieve it will confront stubborn resistance, the chapter describes how change is possible through the redemptive possibilities of complexity.
Estrangement and Exemplarity
Authors: Margulies Ivone 
Published: January 2019

Abstract
This introductory chapter starts with a brief analysis of Abbas Kiarostami’s Close-Up (1990) and the way in which reenactment serves as an ethical instrument for adjudicating motives and agency. It defines the import of in-person reenactment as a confessional-performative cinema genre distinct from other forms of dramatic reconstruction and historical or biographical illustration using actors or social actors. The notion of in-person reenactment, a mode of making public one’s past on camera so as to provide an exemplary narrative on film, is introduced as a motor of self-revision in cinema, a mode that parallels major cinematic movements of postwar realism.
Reenactment and A-filiation in Serras da Desordem
Authors: Margulies Ivone 
Published: January 2019

Abstract
This chapter discusses Serras da Desordem (Hills of Chaos) (Andrea Tonacci, 2007), which concerns an isolated Indian who reenacts atrocities that happened thirty years earlier, including his displacement and wandering until making contact with a rancher’s family and eventually rejoining the remainder of his group. The chapter analyzes the film’s hybrid texture, its mix of reenacted scenes with archival and TV and media images and the implication of cinema in the record of multiple instances of exploitation throughout Brazilian history. It also studies two long-span films returning to events that happened twenty years earlier—Twenty Years Later: A Man Marked to Die (Eduardo Coutinho, 1964–1984) and Corumbiara (Vincent Carelli, 2006) on first contact with isolated indigenous groups as a comparison with Tonacci’s approach to return and to Brazilian history. The chapter considers Tonacci’s self-ethnographic early projects and his experimental films in relation to this ambitious allegory on Brazilian exploitation in the 1970s; it reads Tonacci’s untranslated communications by Carapiru as a willed form of opacity, an enforced, enacted process of dislocation and alienation and an indictment of Brazilian politics, a process termed “a-filiation.”
The Temporal Niche
Authors: Riess Jones Mari 
Published: January 2019

Abstract
Members of the same species share categorically similar rhythmic events in their communicative activities. In this fashion, conspecifics are bound in time. And this dependence on time during communicative interactions is at the heart of dynamic attending. The chapter develops the hypothesis that the resonance and entrainment capacities of an individual change over a life span. Resonance between driving rhythm and its neural correlate predicts slowing of driven oscillator periods over the life span. A corollary holds that entrainment predicts optimal phase-coupling of the driven (oscillator) with the driving (event) rhythm over the life span. Together, these two trends form the aging hypothesis. Evidence supporting the aging hypothesis is reviewed in this chapter.
Melodies of Speech
Authors: Riess Jones Mari 
Published: January 2019

Abstract
The focus in this chapter is on fast speech events. Specifically, it centers upon the melodies of speech created by vocal modulations of micro-driving rhythms associated with a speaker’s fundamental frequency. Briefly, it is about vocal intonation patterns in speech. Theoretically, it concentrates on a listener’s ability to engage pitch tracking (i.e., frequency following) to follow a speaker’s changing vocal pitch. To describe pitch tracking, pitch contrasts arising from vocal modulations are formalized using the important entrainment construct of a detuning curve. This methodology is described in detail. A derivative of this curve is the isolation of pitch accents as extreme pitch contrasts. The remainder of this chapter focuses on the role of pitch accents in outlining slower macro-rhythms of intonation that invite either traditional mode-locking (hence global attractors) or transient mode-locking (hence attractor profiles).
Breaking Us Apart
Authors: Moskalenko Sophia , McCauley Clark 
Published: January 2019

Abstract
A martyrdom story can sound quite different depending on which side is telling it. Someone who supported the institution or power that the martyr challenged may be unable to see the martyr’s actions in the same light as those who sympathize with the martyr’s cause. For the side that oppressed the martyr, his actions might seem trivial, ambiguous, self-serving, or stupid. Just as martyrs can unite their followers, they can unite their opponents. A martyr’s peaceful example can produce violent conflict. Continuing with the Russia–Ukraine conflict that started with the 2014 Ukrainian revolution, this chapter details how martyrdom affected not only the pro-Ukrainian followers, but also pro-Russian opponents, uniting and radicalizing them.
Can Robots Be Conscious?
Authors: Reber Arthur S. 
Published: January 2019

Abstract
The long-standing philosophical argument generally known as “hardware independent functionalism” is presented. This position maintains that consciousness is at its heart computational and any artifact that carried out all the causal functions of a mind would become conscious. This position is critiqued and shown to be hopelessly flawed. There is a long discussion on the “other minds” problem (i.e., “How do we know whether another entity, organism, person is in fact conscious?”). Included is an equally long review of Tom Nagel’s famous question (“What’s it like to be a bat?”) applied to robots and this is followed up with a review of John Searle’s “Chinese Room”—a thought experiment, now over 35 years old, which lays bare the futility of the functionalist’s position. It is acknowledged that there is a firm, almost compelling tendency to endow artifacts like human-appearing robots with sentience, and the reasons for this are discussed. The chapter ends with a summary.
How Does the Performance of School-to-Work Transition Regimes Vary in the European Union?
Authors: Hadjivassiliou Kari P. , Tassinari Arianna , Eichhorst Werner , Wozny Florian 
Published: January 2019

Abstract
This chapter presents a cross-country comparative analysis of the variation in European youth-related school-to-work (STW) transition regimes. The chapter assesses youth labor market performance during the Great Recession in eight countries belonging to five different institutional clusters, as well as the effect of recent policy innovations on each STW transition regime’s structure and logic. The analysis shows that the institutional configurations of STW regimes in Europe are currently in flux as a result of ongoing dynamics of regime hybridization. Despite some emerging trends of convergence across regimes in the design of youth-transition policy instruments, institutional change remains limited at the level of policy implementation. Although positive policy intentions improve the efficacy of STW transition policies, performance differences across regimes persist. This is due to a combination of institutional and macroeconomic factors, together with a common trend of progressive deterioration in the quality of youth transitions across the board.
How do labor market intermediaries help young Eastern Europeans find work?
Authors: Ortlieb Renate , Weiss Silvana 
Published: January 2019

Abstract
This chapter examines the entry routes of young migrants from Eastern Europe into the Austrian labor market, focusing on the role of labor market intermediaries (LMIs) such as public employment services, online job portals, and temporary work agencies. It takes account of the perspectives of both employers and young migrants. The findings suggest that online job portals are the most prevalent type of LMI. Relatedly, informational services are more relevant than matchmaking and administrative services. The relevance of LMI types and services varies across sectors, indicating that LMIs to varying degrees fulfill specific functions in these sectors, such as reduction of transaction costs, risk management, and network building. The more nuanced understanding of entry routes provided by this chapter will help in the development of theoretical models explaining youth migration and design policy measures aimed at improving the labor market opportunities of young migrants from Eastern Europe.
What are the employment prospects for young Estonian and Slovak return migrants?
Authors: Masso Jaan , Kureková Lucia Mýtna , Tverdostup Maryna , Žilincˇíková Zuzana 
Published: January 2019

Abstract
This chapter addresses patterns of return migration in Estonia and Slovakia. It investigates the selection of emigrants who decide to return home and analyzes their characteristics compared to emigrants who remain abroad and to fellow nationals who did not emigrate, as well as the labor market status of young returnees after re-entering the domestic labor market. The comparative analysis of the two national Labor Force Survey samples suggests that among young returnees, level of education has no association with the decision to return home. An education–occupation mismatch affects the decision to return among young and highly educated Estonian migrants, whereas no such effect is found for young Slovak returnees. The analysis of post-return labor market status reveals that both Estonian and Slovak returnees are more likely to face short-term unemployment after re-entering the domestic labor market than are emigrants who remain abroad or people who stayed at home.