bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Activity and Electrochemical Stability of Pt‐ and Pt2Ni‐α‐WC/C Catalysts for the Oxygen Reduction Reaction in Acid Media
Authors: Bott‐Neto José L. , Ticianelli Edson A. 
Published: April 2018

AbstractThe activity and electrochemical stability of Pt and Pt2Ni alloy nanoparticles supported on carbon (Pt/C, Pt2Ni/C) or on hexagonal tungsten carbide/carbon powders (Pt‐α‐WC/C, Pt2Ni‐α‐WC/C) were investigated for the oxygen reduction reaction (ORR) in 0.1 M HClO4. The composites were extensively characterized by different physicochemical techniques, after which the electrochemical active surface area and the electrocatalytic activity for ORR were investigated, before and after being submitted to accelerated stress tests (AST). Results of rotating ring‐disk electrode experiments have indicated that Pt2Ni‐α‐WC 20 wt.%/C presents the highest initial specific activity (SA) for ORR, about 1.8 times higher than that of a Pt/C catalyst, but also the largest loss of specific activity caused by the AST. This is assigned to a strong catalyst degradation and consequent elimination of positive effects of Ni over Pt in the electrocatalysis of ORR. Although the mass activity of Pt/C electrode was higher after 12000 AST cycles, the specific activity of Pt‐α‐WC20 wt.%/C is more stable, indicating that beneficial interactions between Pt and the WC/WOx phases are maintained along the AST.
Retraction: 01.01: Placement of nut determining failure mode of bolt and nut assemblies
Authors: Grimsmo Erik L. , Aalberg Arne , Langseth Magnus , Clausen Arild H. 
Published: April 2018

The above article, published online on 13 September 2017 in Wiley Online Library [1], has been retracted by agreement between the authors, the journal editors, and Ernst & Sohn Verlag für Architektur und technische Wissenschaften GmbH & Co. KG, Berlin. The retraction has been agreed as this article is a duplicate of the version published on 10 August 2017 [2]. The duplicate publication of this article was due to an administrative error on the part of the publishers. The authors were in no way at fault. For the version of record, please refer to the first published version [2]. The publishers wish to apologize for this error.References[1] E.L. Grimsmo, A. Aalberg, M. Langseth, A.H. Clausen, 01.01: Placement of nut determining failure mode of bolt and nut assemblies. ce/papers, 1 (2017) 165–174. doi:10.1002/cepa.47[2] E.L. Grimsmo, A. Aalberg, M. Langseth, A.H. Clausen, How placement of nut determines failure mode of bolt-and-nut assemblies. Steel Construction, 10 (2017) 241–247. doi:10.1002/stco.201710025
Significant Effect of Pore Sizes on Energy Storage in Nanoporous Carbon Supercapacitors
Authors: Young Christine , Lin Jianjian , Wang Jie , Ding Bing , Zhang Xiaogang , Alshehri Saad M. , Ahamad Tansir , Salunkhe Rahul R. , Hossain Shahriar A. , Khan Junayet Hossain , Ide Yusuke , Kim Jeonghun , Henzie Joel , Wu Kevin C.‐W. , Kobayashi Naoya , Yamauchi Yusuke 
Published: April 2018

AbstractMesoporous carbon can be synthesized with good control of surface area, pore‐size distribution, and porous architecture. Although the relationship between porosity and supercapacitor performance is well known, there are no thorough reports that compare the performance of numerous types of carbon samples side by side. In this manuscript, we describe the performance of 13 porous carbon samples in supercapacitor devices. We suggest that there is a “critical pore size” at which guest molecules can pass through the pores effectively. In this context, the specific surface area (SSA) and pore‐size distribution (PSD) are used to show the point at which the pore size crosses the threshold of critical size. These measurements provide a guide for the development of new kinds of carbon materials for supercapacitor devices.
Monitoring Uneven Multistage/Multiphase Batch Processes using Trajectory‐Based Fuzzy Phase Partition and Hybrid MPCA Models
Authors: Luo Lijia 
Published: April 2018

AbstractBatch processes often have the traits of multiple operation stages/phases and uneven batch durations. These two traits bring difficulties to batch process modelling and monitoring. In this paper, a trajectory‐based fuzzy phase partition (TBFPP) method and hybrid multiway PCA (MPCA) models are developed for monitoring multistage/multiphase batch processes with uneven durations. The TBFPP method divides each batch into several fuzzy operation phases by clustering trajectory data of phase‐sensitive process variables using the sequence‐constraint fuzzy c‐means (SCFCM) clustering algorithm. This TBFPP method not only solves the uneven duration problem of batches, but also can identify transition regions between neighbouring operation phases. Fuzzy operation phases are further divided into “steady” and “transition” operation phases according to the membership degrees of samples. Hybrid modelling methods, consisting of phase‐based (global) modelling and just‐in‐time (local) modelling, are used to cope with different process characteristics of the “steady” and “transition” operation phases. Offline phase‐based MPCA models are built for “steady” operation phases to describe the steady process characteristics. Online just‐in‐time MPCA models are built for “transition” operation phases to handle the time‐varying process characteristics. Based on the hybrid MPCA models, an online process monitoring method is proposed. The efficacy of the proposed methods is demonstrated through a simulation study of a fed‐batch fermentation process.
Antichagasic, Leishmanicidal, and Trichomonacidal Activity of 2‐Benzyl‐5‐nitroindazole‐Derived Amines
Authors: Fonseca‐Berzal Cristina , Ibáñez‐Escribano Alexandra , Vela Nerea , Cumella José , Nogal‐Ruiz Juan José , Escario José Antonio , da Silva Patrícia Bernardino , Batista Marcos Meuser , Soeiro Maria de Nazaré C. , Sifontes‐Rodríguez Sergio , Meneses‐Marcel Alfredo , Gómez‐Barrio Alicia , Arán Vicente J. 
Published: April 2018

AbstractThree different series of new 5‐nitroindazole derivatives—1‐(ω‐aminoalkyl)‐2‐benzylindazolin‐3‐ones (series A; ten compounds), 3‐(ω‐aminoalkoxy)‐2‐benzylindazoles (series B; four compounds) and 3‐alkylamino‐2‐benzylindazoles (series C; five compounds)—have been synthesized and evaluated against the protozoan parasites Trypanosoma cruzi, Leishmania amazonensis, and Trichomonas vaginalis: etiological agents of Chagas disease, cutaneous leishmaniasis, and trichomoniasis, respectively. Many indazoles of series A, B, and C were efficient against T. cruzi. Some compounds in series A, after successfully passing the preliminary screening for epimastigotes, exhibited activity values against amastigotes of several T. cruzi strains that were better than or similar to those shown by the reference drug benznidazole and displayed low nonspecific toxicity against mammalian cells. On the other hand, preliminary studies against promastigotes of L. amazonensis showed high leishmanicidal activity for some derivatives of series A and C. With regard to activity against T. vaginalis, some indazoles of series B and C were rather efficient against trophozoites of a metronidazole‐sensitive isolate and showed low nonspecific toxicities toward Vero cell cultures. Additionally, some of these compounds displayed similar activity against metronidazole‐sensitive and resistant isolates, showing the absence of cross‐resistance between these derivatives and the reference drug.
High frequency of the PNPLA3 rs738409 [G] single‐nucleotide polymorphism in Hmong individuals as a potential basis for a predisposition to chronic liver disease
Authors: Tepper Clifford G. , Dang Julie H. T. , Stewart Susan L. , Fang Dao M. , Wong Kimberly A. , Liu Stephenie Y. , Davis Ryan R. , Dao Doan Y. , Gregg Jeffrey P. , Török Natalie J. , Chen Moon S. 
Published: April 2018

BACKGROUNDAn exploratory study was performed to determine the prevalence of the patatin‐like phospholipase domain‐containing protein 3 (PNPLA3) rs78409 [G] allele among the Hmong as a risk factor for nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). NAFLD/nonalcoholic steatohepatitis is the world's most common chronic liver disease and is expected to replace viral hepatitis as the leading cause of cirrhosis and potential precursor to hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). Of all populations in California, the Hmong experience the highest risk of death from HCC and the highest prevalence of metabolic syndrome risk factors among Asians that predispose them to NAFLD. Here a genetic explanation was sought for the high rates of chronic liver disease among the Hmong. The literature pointed to the PNPLA3 rs738409 [G] allele as a potential genetic culprit.METHODSCell‐free DNA was isolated from 26 serum samples previously collected in community settings. Quantitative polymerase chain reaction–based single‐nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) genotyping was performed with a validated TaqMan SNP genotyping assay, and results were analyzed with TaqMan Genotyper software.RESULTSThe PNPLA3 rs738409 [C>G] variant occurred at a frequency of 0.46 (12 of 26; 95% confidence interval, 0.27‐0.67). This carrier rate would rank the Hmong as the third highest population in the 1000 Genomes Project.CONCLUSIONSAlthough this small sample size limits the generalizability, the high frequency rates of this allele along with the presence of metabolic syndrome risk factors warrant further studies into the etiology of NAFLD among the Hmong. Cancer 2018;124:1583‐9. © 2018 American Cancer Society.
CNS Langerhans cell histiocytosis: Common hematopoietic origin for LCH‐associated neurodegeneration and mass lesions
Authors: McClain Kenneth L. , Picarsic Jennifer , Chakraborty Rikhia , Zinn Daniel , Lin Howard , Abhyankar Harshal , Scull Brooks , Shih Albert , Lim Karen Phaik Har , Eckstein Olive , Lubega Joseph , Peters Tricia L. , Olea Walter , Burke Thomas , Ahmed Nabil , Hicks M. John , Tran Brandon , Jones Jeremy , Dauser Robert , Jeng Michael , Baiocchi Robert , Schiff Deborah , Goldman Stanton , Heym Kenneth M. , Wilson Harry , Carcamo Benjamin , Kumar Ashish , Rodriguez‐Galindo Carlos , Whipple Nicholas S. , Campbell Patrick , Murdoch Geoffrey , Kofler Julia , Heales Simon , Malone Marian , Woltjer Randy , Quinn Joseph F. , Orchard Paul , Kruer Michael C. , Jaffe Ronald , Manz Markus G. , Lira Sergio A. , Parsons D. Williams , Merad Miriam , Man Tsz‐Kwong , Allen Carl E. 
Published: April 2018

BACKGROUNDCentral nervous system Langerhans cell histiocytosis (CNS‐LCH) brain involvement may include mass lesions and/or a neurodegenerative disease (LCH‐ND) of unknown etiology. The goal of this study was to define the mechanisms of pathogenesis that drive CNS‐LCH.METHODSCerebrospinal fluid (CSF) biomarkers including CSF proteins and extracellular BRAFV600E DNA were analyzed in CSF from patients with CNS‐LCH lesions compared with patients with brain tumors and other neurodegenerative conditions. Additionally, the presence of BRAFV600E was tested in peripheral mononuclear blood cells (PBMCs) as well as brain biopsies from LCH‐ND patients, and the response to BRAF‐V600E inhibitor was evaluated in 4 patients with progressive disease.RESULTSOsteopontin was the only consistently elevated CSF protein in patients with CNS‐LCH compared with patients with other brain pathologies. BRAFV600E DNA was detected in CSF of only 2/20 (10%) cases, both with LCH‐ND and active lesions outside the CNS. However, BRAFV600E+ PBMCs were detected with significantly higher frequency at all stages of therapy in LCH patients who developed LCH‐ND. Brain biopsies of patients with LCH‐ND demonstrated diffuse perivascular infiltration by BRAFV600E+ cells with monocyte phenotype (CD14+CD33+CD163+P2RY12‐) and associated osteopontin expression. Three of 4 patients with LCH‐ND treated with BRAF‐V600E inhibitor experienced significant clinical and radiologic improvement.CONCLUSIONIn LCH‐ND patients, BRAFV600E+ cells in PBMCs and infiltrating myeloid/monocytic cells in the brain is consistent with LCH‐ND as an active demyelinating process arising from a mutated hematopoietic precursor from which LCH lesion CD207+ cells are also derived. Therapy directed against myeloid precursors with activated MAPK signaling may be effective for LCH‐ND. Cancer 2018;124:2607‐20. © 2018 American Cancer Society.
Engineering Point Mutant and Epitope‐Tagged Alleles in Mice Using Cas9 RNA‐Guided Nuclease
Authors: Gertsenstein Marina , Nutter Lauryl M. J. 
Published: April 2018

AbstractMice carrying patient‐associated point mutations are powerful tools to define the causality of single‐nucleotide variants to disease states. Epitope tags enable immuno‐based studies of genes for which no antibodies are available. These alleles enable detailed and precise developmental, mechanistic, and translational research. The first step in generating these alleles is to identify within the target sequence—the orthologous sequence for point mutations or the N or C terminus for epitope tags—appropriate Cas9 protospacer sequences. Subsequent steps include design and acquisition of a single‐stranded oligonucleotide repair template, synthesis of a single guide RNA (sgRNA), collection of zygotes, and microinjection or electroporation of zygotes with Cas9 mRNA or protein, sgRNA, and repair template followed by screening of born mice for the presence of the desired sequence change. Quality control of mouse lines includes screening for random or multicopy insertions of the repair template and, depending on sgRNA sequence, off‐target mutations introduced by Cas9. © 2018 by John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
Measuring Preweaning Sensorial and Motor Development in the Mouse
Authors: Roubertoux Pierre L. , Ghata Adeline , Carlier Michèle 
Published: April 2018

AbstractThe immaturity at birth and the slowness of ontogenic processes in mice provide the opportunity to measure rates of development. We describe here 18 measures covering the sensorial and motor onset from birth to weaning. The measures are non‐invasive, making a follow‐up strategy possible. The first basic protocol indicates how to produce mice with known conceptional or chronological age, as the control of the age is a prerequisite to compare rates of development in groups of mice. The second basic protocol describes a set of methods for identifying the pups during a follow‐up study. A third basic protocol describes testing newborn mice for the appearance of sensorial and motor abilities in a follow‐up design. Taken together, the three protocols make possible the validation of potential murine models of interest for understanding human developmental disorders. © 2018 by John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
Synthesis of N6‐Substituted Adenosines as Cytokinin Nucleosides
Authors: Drenichev Mikhail S. , Oslovsky Vladimir E. , Tararov Vitali I. , Mikhailov Sergey N. 
Published: April 2018

AbstractThis unit describes preparation of N6‐substituted adenosines (cytokinin nucleosides), a unique class of compounds with a wide spectrum of biological activities. Regioselective alkylation of N6‐acetyl‐2′,3′,5′‐tri‐O‐acetyladenosine with alkyl halides under basic conditions or alcohols under Mitsunobu conditions followed by deprotection are the methods of choice for the preparation of the cytokinin nucleosides. The attractive feature of this strategy is the possibility of using a broad library of commercially available alkyl halides and alcohols under mild reaction conditions. © 2018 by John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
Luciferase Complementation Assay for Protein‐Protein Interactions in Plants
Authors: Zhou Zhaoyang , Bi Guozhi , Zhou Jian‐Min 
Published: April 2018

AbstractConstitutive and dynamic protein‐protein interactions are fundamental to all aspects of cellular processes. Compared to other techniques measuring protein‐protein interactions in plants, the luciferase complementation assay has a number of advantages: it detects plant protein‐protein interactions in real time, requires little hands‐on manipulation of samples, is highly quantitative, has extremely low background, and can be easily scaled up for high‐throughput interactome studies. Here, we describe a protocol that includes two alternate data collection methods to quantify luminescence results based on Agrobacterium‐mediated transient luciferase expression in Nicotiana benthamiana. One data collection method employs a charge‐coupled device imaging system that allows the interactions to be presented as images, and the other employs a luminometer, which enables the assay to be conducted in a 96‐well plate. Technical parameters related to frequently encountered problems and common errors, presented here, are important for performing this assay successfully. © 2018 by John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
Binding Assays for Bromodomain Proteins: Their Utility in Drug Discovery in Oncology and Inflammatory Disease
Authors: Zolotarjova Nina I. , Wynn Richard 
Published: April 2018

AbstractBromodomains are protein domains that recognize acetylated lysine residues and are important for recruiting a large number of protein and multiprotein complexes to sites of lysine acetylation. They play an important role in chromatin biology and are popular targets for drug discovery. Compound screening in this area requires the use of biochemical assays to assess the binding potency of potential drug candidates. Foremost among the efforts to target bromodomains are those aimed at identifying compounds that interact with the bromodomain and extra‐terminal domain (BET) family of bromodomain‐containing proteins (BRD2, BRD3, BRD4, and BRDT). Inhibitors of these proteins are under clinical development for a large variety of oncologic indications. Described in this unit are several assays to assess the binding potency and selectivity within the BET protein family. Included are AlphaScreen, fluorescence polarization, and thermal shift assays. The strengths and weaknesses of each assay are discussed. © 2018 by John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
Electric Field Effects During Solidification of the Ternary Oxide Eutectic Al2O3‐YAG‐ZrO2
Authors: Cherif M. , Hicher P. , Benamara O. , Lebbou K. , Haumont R. , Duffar T. 
Published: April 2018

AbstractLHPG and zone melting solidification of Al2O3‐YAG‐ZrO2:Y eutectic samples is performed in order to investigate intrinsic and extrinsic electric field phenomena. An intrinsic electric field is measured during solidification. Its decay with distance from the interface, and its relaxation with time, show that it is induced by the accumulation of positive electric charges at the solid‐liquid interface, that diffuse away when pulling is stopped. Under extrinsic electric field, a significant modification of the eutectic phase diagram is observed. The charged diffusive boundary layer interacts with the field and the microstructure is impacted. Those observations suggest that the segregating species is zirconium ions.
Growth of Highly Crystalline and Large Scale Monolayer MoS2 by CVD: The Role of substrate Position
Authors: Kumar Nand , Tomar Ruchi , Wadehra Neha , Devi M. Manolata , Prakash Bhanu , Chakraverty Suvankar 
Published: April 2018

AbstractMonolayer (ML) molybdenum disulphide (MoS2) is of great interest for the scientific community due to its attractive electronic, optoelectronic and mechanical properties. Synthesis of high quality and large size ML MoS2 at low cost is still a challenge. Here, the growth of large area (≈5 × 1 mm2) ML MoS2 on SiO2/Si substrate via chemical vapor deposition (CVD) method is reported. It is shown by changing the substrate position w.r.t. MoO3 precursor, that the quality and size of the ML MoS2 can be drastically tuned. Raman spectroscopy and transmission electron microscopy are performed in order to ascertain the growth and high crystallinity of MoS2. Uniformity of MoS2 layer is adjudged by Raman mapping while atomic force microscopy is performed to determine the thickness of the layer. Kelvin probe force microscopy is performed on ML MoS2 to draw the band line up of the material.
Hydride Shuttle Formation and Reaction with CO2on GaP(110)
Authors: Lessio Martina , Senftle Thomas P. , Carter Emily A. 
Published: April 2018

AbstractAdsorbed hydrogenated N‐heterocycles have been proposed as co‐catalysts in the mechanism of pyridine (Py)‐catalyzed CO2reduction over semiconductor photoelectrodes. Initially, adsorbed dihydropyridine (DHP*) was hypothesized to catalyze CO2reduction through hydride and proton transfer. Formation of DHP* itself, by surface hydride transfer, indeed any hydride transfer away from the surface, was found to be kinetically hindered. Consequently, adsorbed deprotonated dihydropyridine (2‐PyH−*) was then proposed as a more likely catalytic intermediate because its formation, by transfer of a solvated proton and two electrons from the surface to adsorbed Py, is predicted to be thermodynamically favored on various semiconductor electrode surfaces active for CO2reduction, namely GaP(111), CdTe(111), and CuInS2(112). Furthermore, this species was found to be a better hydride donor for CO2reduction than is DHP*. Density functional theory was used to investigate various aspects of 2‐PyH−* formation and its reaction with CO2on GaP(110), a surface found experimentally to be more active than GaP(111). 2‐PyH−* formation was established to also be thermodynamically viable on this surface under illumination. The full energetics of CO2reduction through hydride transfer from 2‐PyH−* were then investigated and compared to the analogous hydride transfer from DHP*. 2‐PyH−* was again found to be a better hydride donor for CO2reduction. Because of these positive results, full energetics of 2‐PyH−* formation were investigated and this process was found to be kinetically feasible on the illuminated GaP(110) surface. Overall, the results presented in this contribution support the hypothesis of 2‐PyH−*‐catalyzed CO2reduction on p‐GaP electrodes.
Cryopreserved whole blood for the quantification of monocyte, T‐cell and NK‐cell subsets, and monocyte receptor expression by multi‐color flow cytometry: A methodological study based on participants from the canadian longitudinal study on aging
Authors: Verschoor Chris P. , Kohli Vikas 
Published: April 2018

AbstractImmunophenotyping by multi‐color flow cytometry is arguably the best tool to identify and quantify distinct cell lineages from the peripheral blood and other biological fluids/tissues. Effective in both clinical and research settings, it can be used to estimate the frequency of a given cell type or measure its phenotypic or functional properties. Normally, immunophenotyping is performed in fresh or fractionated blood (i.e., PBMCs) the same day, or within 24 hours of collection; however, this may not be feasible for all study designs. We have previously shown that cryopreserved blood, a biospecimen that is simple and inexpensive to prepare, is comparable to fresh blood for the enumeration of major leukocyte cell types. For the following study, we sought to extend these observations to distinct subsets of: monocytes (classical, intermediate, and non‐classical), T‐cells (CD4/CD8 naïve, central and effector memory, senescent, and terminally differentiated, and regulatory T‐cells), and NK‐cells (CD56 bright and dim); we also examined the expression of monocyte cell‐surface receptors CX3CR1, CCR2, TLR2, and TLR4. Our results indicate that cryopreserved blood is comparable to fresh blood; with exception to relatively rare subsets and lowly expressed receptors, the absolute or relative frequency of cell subsets generally correlated >0.80 between blood types, while monocyte receptor expressed was mostly >0.70. Furthermore, the day‐to‐day coefficient of variation for most cell subsets and parameters was below 20%. Given these findings, we suggest that cryopreserved peripheral blood be given greater consideration for studies in which the quantification of distinct leukocyte subsets is required. © 2018 International Society for Advancement of Cytometry