bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
TIGA FASE PERKEMBANGAN BAHASA INDONESIA (1928â€”2009): KAJIAN LINGUISTIK HISTORIS
Authors: Sudaryanto Sudaryanto 
Published: February 2019

Indonesian language experienced three phases of development since its birth on October 28, 1928 until the issuance of Law Number 24 Year 2009 on Flag, Language, and Symbol of the Country, and National Anthem. The three phases it covers (1) Indonesian as a language of unity, (2) Indonesian as a country language, and (3) Indonesian as a international language. Research method used is content analysis. Data sources used are books, documentation, and photographs that record Indonesian events over 81 year. The results of this study indicate that (1) the phase Indonesian as a language of unity is marked van Ophuijsen of Spelling and the Indonesian Congress I, (2) the phase Indonesian as a country language is marked Article 36 of the 1945 Constitution, Indonesian Congress II, National Political Language Praseminar (1974), National Political Language Seminar (1975), Political Language Seminar (1999), Suwandi Spelling (1947), and Improved Spelling (1972), and (3) the phase of Indonesian as a international language marked Indonesian Congress International IX, Law Number 24 Year 2009, and the Center of Strategy Development and Linguistic Diplomacy, The Development Agency and Language Coachin.

Keywords: Indonesian, language of unity, country language, international language

Abstrak
Bahasa Indonesia mengalami tiga fase perkembangan sejak kelahirannya pada 28 Oktober 1928 hingga terbitnya Undang-Undang Nomor 24 Tahun 2009 tentang Bendera, Bahasa, dan Lambang Negara, serta Lagu Kebangsaan. Tiga fase itu mencakup (1) bahasa Indonesia sebagai bahasa persatuan, (2) bahasa Indonesia sebagai bahasa resmi negara, dan (3) bahasa Indonesia sebagai bahasa internasional. Metode penelitian yang digunakan ialah analisis konten. Sumber data yang digunakan ialah buku, dokumentasi, dan foto yang merekam peristiwa bahasa Indonesia selama kurun waktu 81 tahun. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa (1) fase bahasa Indonesia sebagai bahasa persatuan ditandai Ejaan van Ophuijsen dan Kongres Bahasa Indonesia I, (2) fase bahasa Indonesia sebagai bahasa resmi negara ditandai Pasal 36 UUD 1945, Kongres Bahasa Indonesia II, Praseminar Politik Bahasa Nasional (1974), Seminar Politik Bahasa Nasional (1975), Seminar Politik Bahasa (1999), Ejaan Suwandi (1947), dan Ejaan yang Disempurnakan (1972), dan (3) fase bahasa Indonesia sebagai bahasa internasional ditandai Kongres Internasional IX Bahasa Indonesia, UU Nomor 24 Tahun 2009, dan Pusat Pengembangan Strategi dan Diplomasi Kebahasaan Badan Pengembangan dan Pembinaan Bahasa.

Kata kunci: bahasa Indonesia, bahasa persatuan, bahasa negara, bahasa internasional
KONFLIK SARA DALAM NOVEL JALAN LAIN MENUJU TULEHU KARANGAN ZEN R.S. : SEBUAH TINJAUAN SOSIOLOGI SASTRA
Authors: Wiradhika Nanda 
Published: February 2019

This research aims to understand the cause of the conflict sara approach in sociology literature. Methods used in this research is a qualitative methodology .Analysis data was undertaken based on the concept of the cause of the conflict sara: distinction antarindividu, the difference culture, different interests, and social changes. The research results show that the cause of the conflict sara in a novel another way to tulehu a wreath of Zen R.S. this caused by the different interests owned by a group of people using words provocative so that move mass in big amount and causing assault village islamic to a village christian. Factors geographic and segresi the community to be by factors in support to help realize different interests which led to conflict the violence. Three other differences who had a role caused conflicts to the stage of the crisis, resulting in the conflict is more open. The result of this research can implied as a source of learn from 2013 curriculum revision, where the competence basic 3.14 and 4.14 who discusses the structure and kebahasaan text persuasion of advice, solicitation, direction, and consideration about various problems actual (environment, social conditions, and/or the diversity of culture).

Keywords: SARA conflict, novel, Jalan Lain Menuju Tulehu, literary sociology

Abstrak
Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui sebab-sebab terjadinya konflik suku, ras, agama, antar golongan (SARA) melalui pendekatan sosiologi sastra. Metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini ialah metode kualitatif. Analisis data dilakukan berdasarkan konsep sebab-sebab terjadinya konflik SARA yaitu: perbedaan antarindividu, perbedaan kebudayaan, perbedaan kepentingan, dan perubahan sosial. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa sebab-sebab terjadinya konflik SARA dalam novel Jalan Lain Menuju Tulehu karangan Zen R.S. ini disebabkan oleh adanya perbedaan kepentingan yang dimiliki oleh sekelompok orang menggunakan kata-kata provokatif sehingga menggerakkan massa dalam jumlah besar dan menyebabkan penyerangan desa Islam terhadap suatu desa Kristen. Faktor geografis dan segresi masyarakat menjadi faktor pendukung untuk membantu mewujudkan perbedaan kepentingan yang berujung dengan konflik kekerasan ini. Tiga perbedaan lainnya yang ikut berperan menimbulkan konflik ke tahap krisis, mengakibatkan konflik terjadi semakin terbuka. Hasil dari penelitian ini dapat diimplikasikan sebagai sumber belajar pada Kurikulum 2013 revisi, yaitu pada Kompetensi Dasar 3.14 dan 4.14 yang membahas mengenai struktur dan kebahasaan teks persuasi berupa saran, ajakan, arahan, dan pertimbangan tentang berbagai permasalahan aktual (lingkungan hidup, kondisi sosial, dan/atau keragaman budaya).

Kata kunci: konflik SARA, novel, Jalan Lain Menuju Tulehu, sosiologi sastra
PENINGKATAN KEMAMPUAN MENULIS POPULER MAHASISWA MELALUI PENDEKATAN WHOLE LANGUAGE DENGAN PEMBUATAN MEDIA STORY BOARD
Authors: Ansoriyah Siti , Rahmat Aceng 
Published: February 2019

The objective of this research is to gain empiric data on activites of popular writing using the whole language approach through story board preparation by the college students of Indonesian language education. The research was conducted at educational program of Indonesian literature in popular writing subject. The research used classroom action research. The research adopted Kemmis and taggart model through observation and writing proficiency test. Research analysis was performed using (1) data reduction, (2) data display, (3) conclusion, verification and reflection. The result of the research shows improvement in students popular writing score in every cycle. It can be concluded that the use of whole language method could produce story board in studentsâ€™ popular writing.
Keywords: study populer writing, whole language method, story board

Abstrak
Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk memperoleh data empirik tentang kegiatan menulis populer menggunakan pendekatan whole language dengan pembuatan media story board mahasiswa pendidikan bahasa Indonesia. Penelitian ini dilakukan di prodi pendidikan bahasa Indonesia, dalam mata kuliah menulis populer, dengan menggunakan metode classroom action research. Desain yang digunakan menggunakan model Kemmis dan Taggart, data dilakukan dengan melakukan observasi dan tes keterampilan menulis. Analisis penelitian dilakukan dengan (1) reduksi data, (2) display data, (3) kesimpulan, verivikasi, dan refleksi. Hasil penelitian menunjukan adanya peningkatan nilai kemampuan menulis populer mahasiswa pada setiap siklus. Sehingga dapat disimpulkan bahwa pembelajaran menulis dengan menerapkan metode whole language dapat menciptakan story board dalam menulis populer mahasiswa.
Kata kunci: pembelajaran menulis populer, pendekatan whole language, story board
PROBLEMATIKA PENGEMBANGAN MODUL PEMBELAJARAN BACA TULIS ANAK USIA SEKOLAH DASAR
Authors: Purwahida Rahmah 
Published: February 2019

Learning activities and module development are done with learning patterns and integrated community empowerment for adult learning residents. Another learning pattern to support is the construction of learning networks so that learners do not stop learning after the program is completed. In the process traced the problematic of the development of learning literacy module of elementary school age children. The result is that the learners who are the parents understand the slowness in the ability to read and write their children. This activity works because participants can arrange modules even in simple form.

Keywords: problematic issues, modules, literacy learning, children

Abstrak
Aktivitas belajar dan pengembangan modul dilakukan dengan pola pembelajaran dan pemberdayaan masyarakat secara terpadu bagi warga belajar berusia dewasa. Pola pembelajaran lainnya untuk menunjang yaitu pembangunan jaringan belajar sehingga warga belajar tidak berhenti belajar setelah program selesai. Dalam proses itu ditelusuri problematika pengembangan modul pembelajaran baca tulis anak usia sekolah dasar. Hasilnya yaitu para warga belajar yang merupakan para orangtua memahami kelambatan pada kemampuan membaca dan menulis anaknya. Kegiatan ini berhasil karena peserta dapat menyusun modul meskipun dalam bentuk sederhana.

Kata kunci: problematika, modul, pembelajaran baca tulis, anak
ANALISIS KESALAHAN BERBAHASA INDONESIA PADA TEKS ILMIAH MAHASISWA
Authors: Nurwicaksono Bayu Dwi , Amelia Diah 
Published: February 2019

The purpose of this study is to describe the form of written language errors that is often done by students. The research method used is descriptive analysis method. The research data is a scientific variety text made by students in the form of a review of the books they read. The results showed an error in the error category of 89.08%, a mistake in the form of 10.71%, and a form of lapses of 0.2%. The finding of errors in letter usage errors reached 183 items or 43.16%, the finding of errors in word writing errors reached 145 items or 34.20%, the findings of errors in the use of punctuation reached 68 items or 16.04%, error findings in writing elements uptake reached 28 items or 6.6%. These findings prove that the student competency of the Publishing Study Program in mastering Indonesian Spelling really needs to be improved. The results of language error analysis in this study can be used as teaching materials for learning Indonesian especially spelling material.

Keywords: Indonesian language errors, scientific texts, students

Abstrak
Tujuan penelitian ini untuk mendeskripsikan bentuk kesalahan berbahasa tulis yang sering dilakukan mahasiswa. Metode penelitian yang digunakan ialah metode deskriptif analisis. Data penelitian ialah teks ragam ilmiah yang dibuat mahasiswa berupa ulasan terhadap buku yang dibacanya. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan adanya kesalahan berbahasa kategori error 89,08 %, bentuk mistake 10,71%, dan bentuk lapses 0,2%. Temuan error pada kesalahan pemakaian huruf mencapai 183 item atau 43,16%, temuan error pada kesalahan penulisan kata mencapai 145 item atau 34,20%, temuan error pada pemakaian tanda baca mencapai 68 item atau 16,04%, temuan error pada penulisan unsur serapan mencapai 28 item atau 6,6%. Temuan-temuan tersebut membuktikan bahwa kompetensi mahasiswa Program Studi Penerbitan dalam penguasaan Ejaan Bahasa Indonesia sangat perlu ditingkatkan. Hasil analisis kesalahan berbahasa dalam penelitian ini dapat dijadikan bahan ajar untuk pembelajaran bahasa Indonesia khususnya materi ejaan.

Kata kunci: kesalahan berbahasa Indonesia, teks ilmiah, mahasiswa
FENOMENA EKSPLOITASI LINGKUNGANDALAM CERPEN KORAN MINGGU INDONESIA PENDEKATAN EKOKRITIK
Authors: Juanda Juanda 
Published: February 2019

Environmental damage on earth is at a critical level. Climate change, disaster, pollution, and animal hunting continue to occur without realizing that humans are part of their lives. The purpose of this research, first, is to explore the form of imagination of Indonesian story writer with the theme of environment. Second, to analyze the ecocritical element that is reflected by the author through short story weekly newspaper in Indonesia. This study used descriptive qualitative method. The approach this research used is Garrard's ecocritical approach. The data source consists of three short stories, namely, "In the Seine Lamenting of Citarum Rivers", Go to the Hill, and Leaves, Trees and Petrichor. Data analysis begins by marking words, phrases, clauses, and sentences that have the focus of environmental exploitation. The results showed in short story weekly newspaper, Indonesia the author reflects the environmental phenomenon that includes water pollution, forest destruction, natural disaster in the form of landscapes in the hills of gold mines. Exploitation of nature that brings casualties. Environmental phenomena contained in the short story focuses on pollution, wilderness, natural disasters, settlements, animals, and the earth.

Keywords: ecocritism, short story, environmental exploitation

Abstrak
Kerusakan lingkungan di bumi berada pada tingkat yang kritis. Perubahan iklim, bencana, polusi, dan perburuan hewan terus terjadi tanpa disadari bahwa manusia sebagai bagian daripada kehidupan mereka. Tujuan dalam penelitian ini, pertama, mengeksplorasi bentuk pengimajian pengarang cerpen Indonesia yang bertemakan lingkungan. Kedua, menganalisis unsur ekokritik yang direfleksikan pengarang melalui cerpen Koran Minggu Indonesia. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode deskriptif kualitatif.pendekatanyang digunakan adalah pendekatan ekokritik Garrard. Sumber data terdiri atas tiga cerpen, yakni, â€œDi Seine Meratapi Citarumâ€, Pergi ke Bukit, dan Daun, Pohon dan Petrichor. Analisis data dimulai dengan menandai kata, frasa, klausa, dan kalimat yang memiliki fokus eksploitasilingkungan. Hasilpenelitian menunjukkan dalam cerpen Koran Mingguan Indonesia, pengarang merefleksikan fenomena lingkungan yang meliputi pencemaran air, perusakan hutan, bencana alam berupa longsor di bukit tambang emas. Eksploitasi alam yang membawa korban jiwa. Fenomena lingkungan yang terdapat dalam cerpen tersebut berfokus padapolusi, hutan belantara, bencana alam, pemukiman, hewan, dan bumi.

Kata kunci: ekokritik, cerpen,eksploitasi lingkungan.
BAHAN AJAR MENULIS BERMUATAN LOKAL BAGI SISWA SMAN 1 CIPANAS KABUPATEN LEBAK (KAJIAN DESKRIPTIF)
Authors: Eriyani Reni Nur 
Published: February 2019

This study aims to describe Indonesian-language teaching materials that are locally charged during the learning process at Cipanas 1 Public High School. The description of teaching materials in this school needs to be put forward because it is one aspect that supports student success. This high school has advantages especially in learning Indonesian compared to other schools in the area. This study used descriptive qualitative method.

Keywords: writing teaching materials, local wisdom

Abstrak
Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mendeskripsikan bahan ajar bahasa Indonesia yang bermuatan lokal yang diberikan selama proses pembelajaran di SMAN 1 Cipanas. Pendeskripsian bahan ajar di sekolah ini perlu dikemukakan karena merupakan salah satu aspek yang menunjang keberhasilan siswa. SMA ini memiliki keunggulan terutama dalam belajar bahasa Indonesia dibandingkan dengan sekolah lain di daerah tersebut. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode deskriptif kualitatif.

Kata kunci: bahan ajar, kearifan lokal
Long Term Compliance for MS Patients in Treatment with Disease Modifying Drugs (DMDs)
Authors: Gitto Lara 
Published: February 2019

Background:
Multiple Sclerosis (MS) is one of the most common causes of neurological disability in young and middle-aged adults. Patients with MS face many challenges, both physical and emotional, and see an overall reduction in their autonomy.
There is no definitive treatment for MS, though Disease Modifying Drugs (DMDs) have proved effective in reducing the frequency and severity of relapses. Unfortunately, long-term adherence to these therapies is a significant challenge due to practical difficulties as well as a general distrust towards the drugs
.

Objective:
This study follows an original research carried out in 2008. In the first study, patients answered questions on their clinical history and expressed their judgment on the pharmacological treatment, their perceived effectiveness and factors that may undermine compliance. They have been recalled after two years to verify if the reported symptoms have changed and to assess how their knowledge of the disease and “acceptance” of the treatment have been modified.

Methods:
In spite of the relatively high number of patients participating in the first study (141 patients followed at a single neurological centre), only 16 patients have completed the questionnaire for the long-term survey. A detailed descriptive analysis has been carried out, as well as a pairwise correlation analysis.

Results and Conclusions:
The interviews carried out gave an insight into how patients’ behavior may have changed over time. Compliance rate is different in newly-diagnosed patients and long-term patients; the latter are more likely to be compliant, given their personal experience with the disease. Communications with neurologists and health personnel should aim at forming therapeutic alliances with patients and detecting their preferences for a qualitatively adequate assistance throughout their illness.
Bilateral temporomandibular joint ankylosis
Authors: HEGDE Shruthi , KAMATH Jasmine Shanti , AJİLA Vidya , BABU Subhas G 
Published: February 2019

Ankylosis is the
fusion of joint surfaces by bone or fibrous tissue. Temporomandibular joint
(TMJ) ankylosis may cause difficulty in chewing, speech, oral hygiene
maintenance, and esthetic disfigurement.
This condition can be unilateral or bilateral, complete or incomplete.
TMJ ankylosis may occur due to various factors, such as trauma, local and
systemic inflammatory conditions, neoplasms, and TMJ infection. Trauma due
to forceps delivery causing bilateral TMJ ankylosis is rare. We report a case
with difficulty in mouth opening, eating, speech, oral hygiene maintenance,
facial disfigurement as a result of bilateral TMJ ankylosis caused due to
trauma by forceps delivery. This report
implores upon preventing such disabling complications due to forceps delivery.

Ankiloz, kemik ya
da fibröz doku ile eklem yüzünün füzyonudur. Temporomandibular eklem (TME)
ankilozu, çiğneme, konuşma, oral hijyen sağlanması ve estetik açıdan şekil bozukluğuna
neden olabilir. Bu durum, tek taraflı(unilateral) ya da iki taraflı
(bilateral) , tam ya da tam olmayan biçimde olabilir. TME ankilozu, travma,
local ya da sistemik enflamatuar durumlar, kanserler ve TME enjeksiyonları gibi
birçok nedenden oluşabilir. Biz, forceps uygulaması sonucu iki taraflı
(bilateral) TME ankilozunun neden olduğu ağzını açma, yemek yeme, konuşma, oral
hijyen sağlama güçlüğü ve fasiyal şekil bozukluğu olan olguyu sunuyoruz. Bu
sunum, forcepsle doğum uygulaması sırasında buna benzer komplikasyonları
önlemeyi amaçlamaktadır.
Molecular docking of fisetin as a multi-target drug in the treatment of Parkinson’s disease
Authors: Malathi Rajendran , Prashanthi K , Karthikeyan J. 
Published: February 2019

Fisetin is found in various fruits and vegetables. It is reported to have neurotropic, anti-inflammatory, anti-carcinogenic and also other health benefits. Fisetin has been proved to have neuroprotective effect against Parkinson’s disease (PD). Elucidation of the molecular interaction of fisetin with various anti-parkinsonian drug targets leads to better understanding mode of action of the drug. The present study is aimed to study the molecular interaction of fisetin with molecular targets having potential role in PD. The molecular properties and drug likeness model score were first analysed for flavonoid fisetin, which was found to be 0.76. The structures of the molecular drug targets, such as MAO A (2BXR), MAO B (2BYB), COMT (2AVD) and tyrosine hydroxylase (2XSN), was extracted from RCSB-Protein Data Bank. Molecular docking was performed using AUTO DOCK-4.2. The docking scores were evaluated by analyzing the minimum binding energy for the first five runs for all the target proteins. The minimum binding energy for MAO A (2BXR), MAO B (2BYB), COMT (2AVD), tyrosine hydroxylase (2XSN) were -10.22 kcal/mol, -9.68 kcal/mol, -7.45 kcal/mol and -6.67 kcal/mol respectively. Out of the 4 potential PD drug targets, MAO A and MAO, genes responsible for oxidative deamination of dopamine, are predicted to have the least minimum binding energy and best interaction with fisetin.
Keywords: Fisetin, docking, multidrug targets, autodock, MAO A, MAO B, COMT, Tyrosine hydroxylase
Application of Nanoparticles for Brain and Lung Cancer Therapeutics
Authors: Chen Xialin 
Published: February 2019

Nanotechnology is and will be the future of several fields and medicine is one of them. The use of nanoparticles in the treatment of psychotic and cancer problems is analyzed in this report. Psychotic treatment has been effective due to specific nanoparticles like haloperidol and RISP, and these combinations are linked with other nanoparticles to treat other diseases. Nanoparticles have extended applications with a high degree of effectiveness to treat cancer cells due to the quick delivery, and targeted process and the same is detailed in the review sheet. Oligonucleotides combined with nanoparticles have greater efficiencies.
Keywords: Nanotechnology, drug targeting, cancer treatment
Mechanical and technological support the efficiency of arid farming
Authors: Ivanov O. A. , Utenkov G. L. , Ivanova T. E. 
Published: February 2019

The priority direction of agricultural production in the arid zone of the south of Central Siberia is animal husbandry, which predetermines the need for intensive development of feed production and, in particular, the production of rough and succulent forage. One of the most important factors of the stabilized and guaranteed crop production is irrigated land cultivation.Research purposeTo prove the efficiency of machine technology of surface irrigation in the arid conditions of the south of Central Siberia.Materials and methodsThe authors have determined technical parameters of the main elements of the temporary irrigation network (non-inclined hollow and a water-retaining roller) during the formation of surface irrigation areas by the results of time-length observations made in accordance with the requirements of the testing station. The technological process of forming irrigated plots with specified technical parameters was carried out according to the operational and technological evaluation of the machine technology testing. The evaluation was carried out using a computer-based portable information-measuring system IP238MR to determine the traction indicators of the machine, carried out by the STO AIST 1.3-2007.Results and discussionThe authors have proposed a technology of surface irrigation over wide long strips with level furrows, recommended for irrigation of grain, forage crops, natural hay making areas and pastures. A set of technical means has been developed for the construction and operation of surface irrigation systems in wide long lanes with level furrows. The tools can be coupled with an МТZ tractor of 1.4 tons. Comprehensive use of machines in the construction and operation of irrigation systems for surface irrigation as compared with existing machines in land reclamation construction allows to improve the quality of work and labor productivity by 3-5 times. Surface irrigation technology and a set of machines have passed state tests at the Siberian State Zonal Machine Testing Station and are recommended to be included in the basic agricultural technology.ConclusionsIt has been found that the integrated use of new machines L-1.5, V-3.0 and VP-4.0 in the construction and operation of irrigation systems allows reducing the operating costs and construction time of irrigated plots by 1.8 times, increase the yield of green mass of oats by 17.2 percent while reducing the cost of cultivation by 10.1 percent. Grain production can be increased by 1.9 times.