bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Modeling Disease Dynamics From Spatially Explicit Capture‐Recapture Data
Authors: Ketwaroo Fabian R. , Matechou Eleni , Silk Matthew , Delahay Richard 
Published: December 2024

ABSTRACTOne of the main aims of wildlife disease ecology is to identify how disease dynamics vary in space and time and as a function of population density. However, monitoring spatiotemporal and density‐dependent disease dynamics in the wild is challenging because the observation process is error‐prone, which means that individuals, their disease status, and their spatial locations are unobservable, or only imperfectly observed. In this paper, we develop a novel spatially‐explicit capture‐recapture (SCR) model motivated by an SCR data set on European badgers (Meles meles), naturally infected with bovine tuberculosis (Mycobacterium bovis, TB). Our model accounts for the observation process of individuals as a function of their latent activity centers, and for their imperfectly observed disease status and its effect on demographic rates and behavior. This framework has the advantage of simultaneously modeling population demographics and disease dynamics within a spatial context. It can therefore generate estimates of critical parameters such as population size; local and global density by disease status and hence spatially‐explicit disease prevalence; disease transmission probabilities as functions of local or global population density; and demographic rates as functions of disease status. Our findings suggest that infected badgers have lower survival probability but larger home range areas than uninfected badgers, and that the data do not provide strong evidence that density has a non‐zero effect on disease transmission. We also present a simulation study, considering different scenarios of disease transmission within the population, and our findings highlight the importance of accounting for spatial variation in disease transmission and individual disease status when these affect demographic rates. Collectively these results show our new model enables a better understanding of how wildlife disease dynamics are linked to population demographics within a spatiotemporal context.
Adolescent Girls With Anorexia Nervosa Clinical Profiles in Relation to Their Social Networks Use
Authors: Sauve Anouk , Silva Catarina , Costa Doriane , Da Fonseca David , Givaudan Marion , Charvin Isabelle , Bat‐Pitault Flora 
Published: November 2024

ABSTRACTBackgroundIn recent years, social networks (SNs) have increasingly become a core activity adolescent's daily life. Their impact on mental health is an actual worldwide concern. This massive usage of social network has been suggested to increase the risk of depressive and anxiety disorders, as well as alterations in sleep quality and quantity. In particular, it has been suggested that it could increase concerns about body image and thereby encourage eating disorders. Aiming at further investigating these relations, this study examined, for the first time, the links between the clinical profile of adolescents with anorexia nervosa and SNs use patterns.MethodsThe sample included 131 adolescent girls with anorexia nervosa who completed an online survey assessing their SNs practices in terms of duration, intensity and function of SNs use, misuse and addictive tendencies, as well as the number of online peers. Clinical characteristics such as eating behaviours, body image perception, depression, anxiety and sleep quality were also assessed.Resultsshowed that adolescents with anorexia nervosa spend more than 3 h per day on SNs. Those spending 5 h per day or more preferred a passive use, with limited connection with peers and greater clinical difficulties. In addition, high problematic use of SNs significantly aggravated eating behaviour, dysmorphophobia, depressive symptoms and sleep impairment. The activities performed on SNs were not significantly associated with variations in clinical characteristics.ConclusionPresents findings suggests that a profile of social networking marked by a problematic, prolonged and passive use, is associated with more severe symptomatology in adolescent girls with anorexia nervosa. These first data could inspire professionals to encourage a SNs use favouring care and recovery, thereby supporting adolescents with an eating disorder but also their relatives.
The prognostic value of tumor microenvironment in endometrioid type endometrial cancer: Effect of CD44 on oncologic outcome
Authors: Basarir Zehra Ozturk , Caydere Muzaffer , Karabulut Sefika , Kotanoglu Mustafa Sirri , Arslanca Tufan , Uçar Yeşim Özkaya , Üstün Yusuf 
Published: November 2024

AbstractObjectivesThe study aimed to evaluate the expression of CD44, CD47, interleukin‐1 (IL‐1), and tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF‐α) in immunohistochemically stained (IHS) samples from endometrioid endometrial cancer (EEC) and to examine their correlation with clinicopathologic parameters.MethodsIHS was used to assess CD44, CD47, IL‐1, and TNF‐α expression in 53 EEC samples. Immunostaining was scored as negative (−), slightly positive (+), moderately positive (++), or strongly/diffuse positive (+++). The prognostic value of these markers was analyzed in relation to clinicopathologic features, including survival.ResultsIn endometrial cancer tissues, positivity rates were CD44 (81%), CD47 (81%), TNF‐α (40.5%), and IL‐1 (42.9%). Strong and diffuse CD44 staining was associated with improved survival and linked to endocervical invasion and stage. Patients with slightly positive CD47 had significantly higher rates of pelvic and para‐aortic lymph node metastases. Strong TNF‐α staining correlated with grade 3 EEC, while slightly positive IL‐1 staining was associated with increased endocervical invasion. No significant correlation was found between CD47, IL‐1, and TNF‐α expression and survival.ConclusionCD44 and CD47 were positive in most EEC specimens. CD44 expression was the only marker significantly correlated with overall survival and recurrence. TNF‐α showed a positive correlation with high‐grade tumors, and IL‐1 staining was inversely associated with endocervical invasion. These findings suggest that CD44 is a prognostic marker for survival, while TNF‐α and IL‐1 may have indirect prognostic roles in EEC.
“Reading each conversation as a book”: Community cultural wealth and relational youth literacies
Authors: Edber Hannah , Panther Leah , Crenshaw Andrea , Van Donkelaar Rachael , Curtis Tenesha 
Published: November 2024

AbstractAdolescent youth participating in a summer writing workshop drew from funds of community wealth to answer youth‐generated inquiry questions about history, political participation, and equity. By turning to community members as expert sources of knowledge, students deepened their inquiry, their connections to the local community, and their identities as writers. Learning from these youth writers, there are recommendations for how classroom teachers can engage youth in inquiry projects that draw from sources of community cultural wealth.
Analysis of Upstream, Downstream, and Common Firm Shocks Using a Large Factor‐Augmented Vector Autoregressive Approach
Authors: Grant Everett , Yung Julieta 
Published: November 2024

ABSTRACTWe evaluate the roles of upstream (supplier‐to‐user), downstream (user‐to‐supplier), and common factor shock transmission across firms by deriving interfirm networks and common factors from US equities over 1989–2017. We overcome the econometric challenges of estimating the large factor‐augmented vector autoregressive (FAVAR) system by developing two alternative approaches: one prioritizing computational efficiency and the other providing the full posterior distribution of all model parameters and factors. We find that (i) common factors drive an increasing variance share of returns, (ii) supplier shocks are more evident in equity price movements than downstream exposures, and (iii) removing the impact of common factors is increasingly important for revealing interfirm connections.
Building bridges to engineering interest: Connections between student perceptions of instructor actions and interest in engineering classes
Authors: Miesner Ella , Schallert Diane L. 
Published: November 2024

AbstractBackgroundDevelopment of subject‐matter interest can motivate long‐term learning. Prior research indicates that what instructors do in learning environments and how students feel about their relationship to instructors influence students' learning via the motivational mechanism of interest. This study's research into instructor actions in online learning contexts and in student perceptions of relatedness and interest was inspired by the 21st century transition to online instruction accelerated by COVID‐19.Purpose/Hypothesis(es)This study sought to determine links between student‐perceived teaching presence and immediacy behaviors, perceptions of relatedness to the instructor, and course subject interest. We hypothesized that student interest develops from instructor actions mediated by perceptions of relatedness to the instructor.Design/MethodMultiple methods were used to investigate associations between instructor actions in college‐level engineering courses taught synchronously online and students' perceptions of relatedness to instructor and interest. Qualitative interviews with engineering instructors corroborated use of teaching presence and immediacy behaviors as constructs to describe online instructional actions. Quantitative surveys were administered to undergraduate students (n = 141) enrolled in synchronous, online engineering classes. Qualitative interviews with 10 students supplemented survey findings.ResultsPath modeling and regression models of results indicated that students' perceptions of teaching presence online, but not immediacy behaviors, were predictive of relatedness to instructor and situational interest in course content. Qualitative data corroborated the survey findings by giving voice to students' lived experience.ConclusionsSynthesis of results suggests strategies that could develop teaching presence and enhance student perceptions of relatedness to instructors online, ultimately enhancing interest in engineering.
Investigating pre‐registration podiatry students approaches to identifying dermatology conditions in different skin tones: A mixed methods protocol
Authors: Otter Simon , Whitham Deborah , Melotto Gianluca , Mann Lauren , Agyare Yaa , Gozo‐Reyes Joanne , Funnell Faye , Sykes Alex , Dale Penny 
Published: November 2024

AbstractBackgroundHealth inequalities are a well‐known and widespread phenomenon throughout health care settings. In particular, people of color experience higher rates of delayed and/or misdiagnosis contributing to poorer outcomes and an increased mortality risk. Research suggests that health care professionals find it more difficult to correctly diagnose dermatological conditions in the non‐White patient demographic. Although podiatrists routinely examine and assess skin lesions, there is a paucity of research exploring their accuracy or confidence in recognizing skin pathologies. This study aims to investigate podiatry student's ability, confidence, approaches, and perceptions in diagnosing dermatology pathologies in different skin tones.A mixed methods exploratory sequential design is proposed. In stage one, podiatry students from different higher education institutions will be invited to complete a pictorial survey. We have designed a survey comprising six validated images of inflammatory skin pathology (either eczema or psoriasis) in three different skin tone categories, standardized using the Fitzpatrick scale. Data from the survey in stage one will then be utilized to inform the next stage of the research. In stage two, respondents who completed the initial survey will be invited to participate in focus groups to explore their perceptions surrounding diagnostic approaches, confidence, and perceptions of skin conditions in different skin tone. A process of thematic analysis will be employed to identify emergent themes from these data.MethodsA mixed methods exploratory sequential design is proposed. In stage one, podiatry students from different higher education institutions will be invited to complete a pictorial survey. We have designed a survey comprising six validated images of inflammatory skin pathology (either eczema or psoriasis) in three different skin tone categories, standardized using the Fitzpatrick scale. Data from the survey in stage one will then be utilized to inform the next stage of the research. In stage two, respondents who completed the initial survey will be invited to participate in focus groups to explore their perceptions surrounding diagnostic approaches, confidence, and perceptions of skin conditions in different skin tone. A process of thematic analysis will be employed to identify emergent themes from these data.
Safety and performance of the HYBRIDknife flex in a porcine model of esophageal endoscopic submucosal dissection: A pilot study
Authors: Khor Christopher J L , Ichimasa Katsuro , Tsao Stephen K K , Biber Ulrich , Saito Yutaka 
Published: November 2024

AbstractBackground and AimEndoscopic submucosal dissection (ESD) is considered the best modality for achieving en bloc resection of larger neoplastic mucosal lesions in the upper and lower gastrointestinal (GI) tract. Multiple devices are available for ESD, and refinements continue to be made to develop devices that improve the safety and efficiency of performing ESD. Submucosal injection with viscous fluids like glycerol, which prolong submucosal expansion, could facilitate the procedure. We aimed to evaluate the safety and performance of the new Erbe HYBRIDknife® flex, which combines electrosurgical dissection with waterjet‐assisted injection in a slim and flexible form factor.MethodsIn a prospective animal study with six pigs, four endoscopists, each with 10–20 years of experience in ESD, performed 28 esophageal ESDs. One half was performed with physiological saline injectate, the other half with fructose‐added glycerol. Various performance aspects were evaluated on a five‐point scale [5 = best], including dissection properties, handling, and usability.ResultsNo perforations or major bleeding occurred. All resections were performed en bloc, with one technical failure (3.6%, 1 of 28). Performance scores were similar for saline and glycerol (4.5 ± 0.31 vs. 4.5 ± 0.32, P = 0.36), as was dissection speed (13 ± 6.2 mm2/min vs. 15 ± 6.1 mm2/min, P = 0.22).ConclusionsWe demonstrated that esophageal ESD can be performed safely and rapidly using HYBRIDknife flex, with excellent performance evaluation by the endoscopists. Combining this device with glycerol or saline is precise and effective for ESD, although experience could compensate for the theoretical disadvantage of using normal saline.
Anapole Plasmonic Meta‐Atoms for Nearly Transparent Metamaterials
Authors: Hassan Emadeldeen , Evlyukhin Andrey B. , Calà Lesina Antonio 
Published: November 2024

AbstractAnapole states are fascinating for providing the seemingly contradictory properties of near‐field enhancement and negligible scattering. These states are desirable to reduce the cross‐coupling between meta‐atoms in metamaterials. In dielectrics, anapoles are obtainable in simple but relatively large nanostructures. In metals, they are reported in composite designs that may not be appropriate as metamaterials' building blocks. Here, whether the anapole effect is obtainable in single and compact plasmonic nanostructures is investigated. Planar designs of plasmonic meta‐atoms are presented and the anapole formation is explained using various multipole decomposition techniques. Due to the small nanostructure sizes compared to the wavelength, the toroidal dipole is small and does not play a principal role in the anapole formation. Therefore, the anapole can be qualitatively explained via destructive interference between quasi‐static electric dipoles associated with complementary subvolumes of the nanostructure. The anapole meta‐atom concept is tested by numerically demonstrating nearly transparent metasurfaces and metamaterials with high densities of near‐field hot‐spots. Moreover, strategies are discussed to tune the anapole state via polarization rotation, modification of the hosting domain, or re‐design of the meta‐atoms. Anapole plasmonic meta‐atoms can enable metamaterials with combined local field concentration and controllable transparency for applications in nonlinear and tunable nanophotonics.
Xanthate Disulfide‐Mediated RAFT Polymerization Toward Oxygen Tolerance
Authors: Huang Fubang , Wang Fei , Han Shuang , Zhang Weidong 
Published: November 2024

AbstractIn recent years, the fully oxygen‐tolerant reversible addition‐fragmentation chain transfer (RAFT) polymerization has been emerging as a versatile and powerful tool for preparing well‐defined polymers. In this contribution, the symmetrical diethyl xanthogen disulfide (XD) is successfully used as an initiator, chain transfer agent, and termination (iniferter) agent to directly regulate the open‐to‐air RAFT polymerization. The high end‐group fidelity of polymer demonstrated by nuclear magnetic resonance (1H‐NMR) and matrix‐assisted laser desorption/ionization time‐of‐flight mass spectra indicates that sulfur‐centered xanthate radical can initiate and regulate RAFT polymerization of methacrylate (MA) under open conditions. It is believed that sulfur‐centered xanthate radical initiation strategy provides a powerful and minimalist tool for fully oxygen‐tolerant RDRPs.
KCNMA1‐Related Episodes of Behavioral Arrest and Loss of Postural Reflexes: A Critical Reappraisal
Authors: Roze Emmanuel , Silveira‐Moriyama Laura , Leu‐Semenescu Smaranda , Villeneuve Nathalie , Lecardonnel Bérénice , François‐Heude Marie‐Céline , Meyer Pierre , de Gusmao Claudio M. , Roubertie Agathe 
Published: December 2024

AbstractBackgroundKCNMA1‐linked channelopathy is characterized by neurodevelopmental disorder, epileptic seizures and non‐epileptic paroxysmal episodes.ObjectivesTo describe the phenotype of paroxysmal non‐epileptic episodes related to KCNMA1 pathogenic variants.MethodsVideos of paroxysmal episodes were reviewed according to a standardized protocol by a group of movement disorders experts.ResultsFourteen videos were reviewed (6 previously published patients and a new patient). The typical pattern of an episode was (i) facial changes including dyskinetic movements of tongue and jaws (ii) behavioral arrest (iii) loss of postural reflexes that could be associated with focal body stiffness, eventually leading to fall (iv) rapid recovery without post‐ictal drowsiness. Attacks were brief, with a high daily frequency, occasionally triggered by emotion, and dramatically improved by psychostimulant therapy in three patients.ConclusionsKCNMA1‐related attacks are clearly distinguishable from paroxysmal dyskinesia, cataplexy or episodic ataxia indicating a unique phenomenological entity whose recognition will enhance accurate diagnosis and treatment.
Mans‐2024: Das Mitteldeutsche Anorganiker‐Nachwuchssymposium
Authors: Kowalke Janine , Kretschmer Robert 
Published: December 2024

AbstractAm 6. September 2024 fand das 21. Mitteldeutsche Anorganiker‐Nachwuchssymposium (MANS) an der TU Chemnitz statt. Zum vierten Mal ist Chemnitz Standort der Tagung. Insgesamt hielten 18 Doktorand:innen und Postdocs Vorträge, unter anderem zu anorganischer Molekülchemie und Materialchemie.
Conservation data infrastructures: From carbon accounting to multiple biodiversity and social measures
Authors: Urzedo Danilo , Dumbrell Nikki P. , Robinson Catherine J. 
Published: November 2024

Abstract

Environmental big data and analytical models are increasingly informing conservation efforts to address global climate and biodiversity crises. Yet, the growing reliance on data‐driven approaches raises concerns regarding biases, uncertainties, and injustices in environmental decision‐making processes.

This article presents ‘conservation data infrastructures’ as socio‐technical processes of conceiving, producing, and distributing conservation data that affect multifaceted decisions and practices.

Drawing on major carbon conservation programs in Australia and Brazil, we assess how data‐driven investment planning and project assessments set what is valued, how it is measured, and whose interests are accounted for.

Both case studies reveal how technological innovations expand carbon accounting methods by integrating ecological and social data with advanced analytical models to encompass a wide range of place‐based impacts. However, data‐driven solutions alone may not lead to transformative changes that fully address existing disparities in environmental priorities and benefit distribution across scales.

We conclude that the proposed notion of data infrastructures not only reveals socio‐technical limitations but also elevates multiple perspectives and local realities to reimagine and rework conservation measures.

Read the free Plain Language Summary for this article on the Journal blog.
Multi‐sensor and multi‐temporal high‐throughput phenotyping for monitoring and early detection of water‐limiting stress in soybean
Authors: Jones Sarah E. , Ayanlade Timilehin T. , Fallen Benjamin , Jubery Talukder Z. , Singh Arti , Ganapathysubramanian Baskar , Sarkar Soumik , Singh Asheesh K. 
Published: November 2024

AbstractSoybean (Glycine max [L.] Merr.) production is susceptible to biotic and abiotic stresses, exacerbated by extreme weather events. Water limiting stress, that is, drought, emerges as a significant risk for soybean production, underscoring the need for advancements in stress monitoring for crop breeding and production. This project combined multi‐modal information to identify the most effective and efficient automated methods to study drought response. We investigated a set of diverse soybean accessions using multiple sensors in a time series high‐throughput phenotyping manner to: (1) develop a pipeline for rapid classification of soybean drought stress symptoms, and (2) investigate methods for early detection of drought stress. We utilized high‐throughput time‐series phenotyping using unmanned aerial vehicles and sensors in conjunction with machine learning analytics, which offered a swift and efficient means of phenotyping. The visible bands were most effective in classifying the severity of canopy wilting stress after symptom emergence. Non‐visual bands in the near‐infrared region and short‐wave infrared region contribute to the differentiation of susceptible and tolerant soybean accessions prior to visual symptom development. We report pre‐visual detection of soybean wilting using a combination of different vegetation indices and spectral bands, especially in the red‐edge. These results can contribute to early stress detection methodologies and rapid classification of drought responses for breeding and production applications.
Rural‐Urban Differences in the Determinants of Subjective Well‐Being Among X/Twitter Users in the United States
Authors: Jiang Wenting , Zhang Mengxi , Wu Connor Y. H. , Dong Weichuan 
Published: December 2024

ABSTRACTTwitter Sentiment Geographical Index (TSGI) has been proposed to complement traditional surveys to measure subjective well‐being (SWB) at the US county level. Our study aims to investigate determinants of TSGI‐measured SWB in rural and urban US counties. Using the Classification and Regression Tree, we identified phenotypes or county‐level characteristics associated with high SWB. Counties with newer homes were the top characteristic of high SWB in both urban and rural areas. Counties of the identical phenotypes tend to concentrate geographically, with the most favorable phenotypes clustered in the South. Random Forest analysis identified additional characteristics of high SWB, including higher population density in rural areas and lower real estate tax ratio in urban areas. Our results yield a comprehensive understanding of determinants of SWB at the local level, guiding evidence‐based policy decisions and community initiatives to improve well‐being in target populations.