bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
MENGUKUR RASA INGIN TAHU SISWA [MEASURING STUDENTS' CURIOSITY]
Authors: Raharja Steven , Wibhawa Martinus Ronny , Lukas Samuel 
Published: August 2018

<p>One factor that influences students in becoming active learners and self developers is curiosity. Curiosity is defined as an impulse within a person to gain new information without appreciation or extrinsic factors. A person's curiosity encourages him to devote more attention to an activity, to process information more deeply, to remember information better, and to fulfill tasks more accurately. This paper aims to create a valid and reliable instrument to measure students’ curiosity and to test it students in a grade 10 and 11 science class using cluster random sampling. Results showed no correlation between students’ curiosity and their grades. It was also found that there was no significant mean difference in students’ curiosity between male and female students. </p><p><strong>BAHASA INDONESIA ABSTRAK: </strong>Salah satu faktor yang dapat mempengaruhi siswa sebagai pembelajar yang aktif dan terus mengembangkan diri adalah rasa ingin tahu. Rasa ingin tahu didefinisikan sebagai dorongan dalam diri seseorang untuk memperoleh informasi baru tanpa adanya penghargaan maupun faktor ekstrinsik. Rasa ingin tahu seseorang mendorong ia mencurahkan banyak perhatian kepada suatu aktivitas untuk memproses informasi lebih dalam, mengingat informasi lebih baik dan lebih cenderung mengerjakan tugas dengan tuntas. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk membuat instrumen yang valid dan reliabel untuk mengukur rasa ingin tahu siswa, mengujikannya pada siswa kelas X dan XI disuatu sekolah dengan <em>cluster random sampling</em>. Hasil penelitian mendapatkan instrumen kuesioner yang valid dan reliabel serta pengujian hipotesa yang menyatakan tidak ada hubungan rata-rata rasa ingin tahu dengan tingkat pendidikan kelas X dengan kelas XI dan tidak ada perbedaan rata-rata rasa ingin tahu siswa perempuan dengan siswa pria.</p>
A Critical Approach to Turkish Language and Literature Course Syllabus Dated 2017
Authors: CEMİLOĞLU Mustafa 
Published: August 2018

In this study, Turkish language and literature lesson curriculum dated 2017 is examined and criticised. It is realised that this curriculum make two different lessons into one lesson form and student achievements is regulated again. Firstly philosophical perspective of the programme is examined then reading texts and the organization of skills and students achievements, suggestions and complaints about assessment and evaluations are evaluated and this programme have integrity whether do not have integrity in itself is investigated.
The Relationship of Preservice Science Teachers’ Decision Making Strategies and Content Knowledge in Socio-Scientific Issues
Authors: DEMİRAL Ümit , TÜRKMENOĞLU Hande 
Published: August 2018

The aim of this study is to examine the relationship between preservice science teachers' decision-making strategies and their content knowledge in a socioscientific issue. For this purpose, holistic multiple case design was used in qualitative research methods in this research. The study was carried out with 15 preservice teachers selected by means of purposive sampling method among 125 preservice teachers studying at Science Education Department of a state university at Central Anatolian Region of Turkey. As a data collection tool in the research, GMOs Knowledge Test (GKT), Chocolate Selection Scenario and interview questions were used. First, GKT was applied to 125 preservice teachers. As a result of this test, preservice teachers are divided into three groups as low, medium and high level content knowledge about GMOs. From these groups, low level (f = 5), medium level (f = 5) and high level (f = 5) preservice teachers were selected by purposeful sampling method for the interview. A scenario was given in order to evaluate the decision-making strategies of the 15 selected preservice teachers and then interviews were conducted. According to research findings, the group with high-level content knowledge about GMOs seems to discuss according to their importance by comparing the criterias that consider different aspects of the options at a high level (compensatory decision-making strategy). It is seen that the group with medium level content knowledge uses cut offs as well as making comparisons between the criteria (mixed strategy). It is also seen that the group with low level content knowledge frequently uses cut offs between options and evaluates options in a narrow viewpoint (non-compensatory decision-making strategy). According to these results, decision making abilities of preservice teachers with high-level content knowledge are higher than other groups. The training environment which increases the content knowledge in this issue is suggested so that the preservice teachers can have effective decision making strategies in socio-scientific issues during the education process
Expression of Signaling Molecules Involved in Embryonic Development of the Insertion Site Is Inadequate for Reformation of the Native Enthesis
Authors: Deng Xiang-Hua , Lebaschi Amir , Camp Christopher L. , Carballo Camila B. , Coleman Nathan W. , Zong Jianchun , Grawe Brian M. , Rodeo Scott A. 
Published: August 2018

Background:
Since healing of anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) grafts occurs by formation of a fibrovascular scar-tissue interface rather than by reformation of the native fibrocartilage transition zone, the purpose of our study was to examine expression of various signaling molecules and transcription factors that are known to be involved in embryologic insertion-site development following ACL reconstruction. We also aimed to characterize a murine model of ACL reconstruction to allow future study of the molecular mechanisms of healing.

Methods:
Seventy-nine mice underwent reconstruction of the ACL with autograft. Healing was assessed using histology in 12 mice and quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR) gene-expression analysis in 3 mice at 1 week postoperatively (Group-1 mice) and by biomechanical analysis in 7, histological analysis in 7, immunohistochemical analysis in 5, microcomputed tomography analysis in 5, and qRT-PCR analyses in 8 at 2 weeks (Group-2 mice) and 4 weeks (Group-3 mice) postoperatively. Fifteen additional mice did not undergo surgery and were used for biomechanical (7 mice), qRT-PCR (3 mice), and immunohistochemical (5 mice) analyses to obtain baseline data for the native ACL.

Results:
Histological analysis demonstrated healing by formation of fibrovascular tissue at the tendon-bone interface. Immunohistochemical analysis showed a positive expression of proteins in the Indian hedgehog, Wnt, and parathyroid hormone-related protein (PTHrP) pathways. There was minimal Sox-9 expression. Gene-expression analysis showed an initial increase in markers of tissue repair and turnover, followed by a subsequent decline. Mean failure force and stiffness of the native ACL were 5.60 N and 3.44 N/mm, respectively. Mean failure force and stiffness were 1.29 N and 2.28 N/mm, respectively, in Group 2 and were 1.79 N and 2.59 N/mm, respectively, in Group 3, with 12 of 14 failures in these study groups occurring by tunnel pull-out.

Conclusions:
The spatial and temporal pattern of expression of signaling molecules that direct embryologic insertion-site formation was not adequate to restore the structure and composition of the native insertion site.

Clinical Relevance:
Development of a murine model to study ACL reconstruction will allow the use of transgenic animals to investigate the cellular, molecular, and biomechanical aspects of tendon-to-bone healing following ACL reconstruction, ultimately suggesting methods to improve healing in patients.
Risk Factors for Failure of Arthroscopic Revision Anterior Shoulder Stabilization
Authors: Su Favian , Kowalczuk Marcin , Ikpe Stephenson , Lee Hannah , Sabzevari Soheil , Lin Albert 
Published: August 2018

Background:
Recurrent anterior instability following a failed Bankart repair in the shoulder represents a challenging clinical scenario. Few studies have examined the role of arthroscopic revision anterior stabilization as a treatment option in these cases. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the outcomes of arthroscopic revision anterior stabilization for patients with recurrent instability after a failed index procedure.

Methods:
Ninety-two patients underwent arthroscopic revision anterior stabilization after a failed index (open or arthroscopic) stabilization procedure. Sixty-five patients with a minimum of 2 years of follow-up were included in this study. The mean age at the time of revision surgery was 26 years (range, 15 to 57 years). The rate of recurrent instability and risk factors for failure were evaluated; the mean duration of follow-up was 4.7 years (range, 2 to 10.8 years). Glenoid and humeral bone loss were quantitatively assessed using preoperative T1-weighted magnetic resonance arthrograms to determine if the lesions were on-track or off-track.

Results:
Twenty-seven (42%) of the patients experienced recurrent instability at a mean of 2.3 years after arthroscopic revision anterior stabilization. On multivariate analysis, the presence of an off-track lesion, an age of <22 years, and ligamentous laxity were independent predictors of recurrence (p = 0.022, 0.028, and 0.031, respectively). Among a cohort with these risk factors excluded, the failure rate was 19%.

Conclusions:
Arthroscopic revision anterior stabilization is associated with a high rate of recurrent instability, and patient selection is of critical importance in order to minimize recurrence.

Level of Evidence:
Therapeutic Level IV. See Instructions for Authors for a complete description of levels of evidence.
Patient Risk Factors Do Not Impact 90-Day Readmission and Emergency Department Visitation After Total Ankle Arthroplasty
Authors: Cunningham Daniel , Karas Vasili , DeOrio James , Nunley James , Easley Mark , Adams Samuel 
Published: August 2018

Background:
The Comprehensive Care for Joint Replacement (CJR) model provides bundled payments for in-hospital care and care within 90 days following discharge for Medicare beneficiaries undergoing lower-extremity joint replacement involving the hip, knee, or ankle (total hip arthroplasty, total knee arthroplasty, or total ankle arthroplasty [TAA]). The study hypothesis was that patient comorbidities are associated with readmissions, emergency department (ED) utilization, and subspecialist wound-healing consultation, which are examples of costly contributors to postoperative health-care spending.

Methods:
The medical records for 1,024 patients undergoing TAAs between June 2007 and December 2016 at a single academic center in the southeastern United States were reviewed for the outcomes of readmissions, ED visitations, and subspecialist wound-healing consultation within the 90-day post-discharge period. All patients undergoing TAA (n = 1,365) were eligible. Of the 1,037 patients who consented to participation in the study and underwent TAA, 1,024 (98.7%) completed the study. Medical comorbidities according to the Elixhauser and Charlson-Deyo comorbidity indices that were present prior to TAA were recorded. Univariate and multivariable tests of significance were used to relate patient and operative characteristics to outcomes.

Results:
Four hundred and ninety-six (48.4%) of the 1,024 patients were female, and 964 (94.1%) were white/Caucasian, with an average age (and standard deviation) of 63 ± 10.5 years. Hypertension, obesity, solid tumor, depression, rheumatic disease, cardiac arrhythmia, hypothyroidism, diabetes mellitus, and chronic pulmonary disease had a prevalence of >10%. Fifty-three (5.2%) of the 1,024 patients were readmitted for any cause. Thirty-six (3.5%) of the 1,024 returned to the ED but were not admitted to the hospital. Readmission or ED visitation was most commonly for a wound complication, followed by deep venous thrombosis (DVT) and pulmonary embolism (PE) evaluation, while urgent medical evaluations composed the majority of non-TAA-related ED visitations. No patient comorbidities were significantly associated with 90-day readmission, ED visitation, or wound complications in multivariable models.

Conclusions:
Patient comorbidities were not associated with 90-day hospital readmissions or ED visitation for patients undergoing TAA. Readmissions were dominated by evaluation of wound compromise as well as DVT and PE. These data suggest that there may be considerable differences between TAA and total hip arthroplasty or total knee arthroplasty that cause surgeons to question the inclusion of TAA in CJR bundled payment models.

Level of Evidence:
Prognostic Level IV. See Instructions for Authors for a complete description of levels of evidence.
Early Surgical Stabilization of Complex Chest Wall Injuries Improves Short-Term Patient Outcomes
Authors: Iqbal Hafiz J. , Alsousou Joseph , Shah Sohan , Jayatilaka Lara , Scott Sharon , Scott Simon , Melling David 
Published: August 2018

Background:
This study aimed to assess the outcome of patients undergoing internal fixation of complex rib fractures in a U.K. major trauma center.

Methods:
A retrospective analysis was performed on all patients undergoing operative fixation of rib fractures from March 2014 to May 2016. Outcome measures included hospital length of stay, intensive care unit (ICU) admission, mechanical ventilation, infection, and mortality.

Results:
One hundred and two patients (66 male patients and 36 female patients, with a median age of 62 years) underwent rib fracture fixation during the study period. The causes of trauma were road traffic accidents in 39 patients (38%), a fall from a substantial height in 38 patients (37%), and a fall down stairs in 21 patients (21%). Thirty-eight patients (37%) had isolated chest trauma, and 64 patients (63%) had additional injuries. Fifty-three patients (52%) required ICU admission with a mean ICU stay of 4.7 days (range, 1 to 34 days). The median hospital length of stay was 10.6 days (range, 3 to 51 days). Patients with additional injuries (p = 0.01) and those requiring mechanical ventilation (p < 0.0001) stayed significantly longer. Sixty-five patients (64%) underwent rib fixation within 48 hours of the injury, and 37 patients (36%) underwent the surgical procedure after 48 hours. A surgical procedure within 48 hours resulted in a shorter ICU stay (p = 0.01), fewer cases of pneumonia (p = 0.001), reduced duration of mechanical ventilation (p = 0.03) and fewer tracheostomies (p = 0.02), and shorter hospital length of stay (11.5 compared with 17.3 days; p = 0.008).

Conclusions:
Surgical stabilization of multiple rib fractures may improve the outcome in patients with multiple injuries and isolated chest wall trauma. Early surgical fixation leads to shorter length of stay and better outcomes.

Level of Evidence:
Therapeutic Level III. See Instructions for Authors for a complete description of levels of evidence.
Cross-Linked Polyethylene for Total Hip Arthroplasty Markedly Reduces Revision Surgery at 16 Years
Authors: de Steiger R. , Lorimer M. , Graves S.E. 
Published: August 2018

Background:
Total hip arthroplasty (THA) is an effective operation for the management of end-stage hip osteoarthritis, but long-term success can be limited by wear of the polyethylene bearing surface. Cross-linking conventional polyethylene has resulted in lower wear rates and a reduction in bone lysis in both laboratory and clinical studies. The aim of this study was to compare the rates of revision between cross-linked polyethylene (XLPE) and conventional non-cross-linked polyethylene (CPE) at 16 years after THAs performed for the treatment of osteoarthritis.

Methods:
We performed an observational study of data, from a national registry, on all patients who underwent THA for osteoarthritis in Australia from 1999 through December 31, 2016. The outcomes of THAs performed with CPE were compared with those of THAs performed with XLPE, along with an analysis of the effect of age, sex, femoral head size, the method of acetabular and femoral component fixation, and the reasons and types of revision. The principal outcome measure was the time to the first revision, determined using Kaplan-Meier estimates of survivorship.

Results:
CPE was used in 41,171 procedures, and XLPE was used in 199,131. The mean ages of the men and women treated with CPE were 70.0 years (standard deviation [SD] = 9.9 years) and 72.5 years (SD = 9.7 years), respectively, whereas the men and women who received XLPE were slightly younger (mean age, 68.6 years [SD = 10.3 years] and 70.7 years [SD = 9.9 years], respectively. XLPE was associated with a lower rate of revision than CPE at 6 months, and this difference became more apparent with time. The 16-year cumulative percentage of revisions of the primary THAs was 11.7% (95% confidence interval [CI] = 11.1% to 12.3%]) in the CPE group and 6.2% (95% CI = 5.7% to 6.7%) in the XLPE group. The hazard ratio at 9 years was 3.02 (p = 0.001).

Conclusions:
The use of XLPE has resulted in a significant reduction in the rate of revision at 16 years following THA for osteoarthritis. This evidence suggests that the longevity of THA is likely to be improved, which may enable younger patients to undergo surgery, confident of a reduced need for revision in the long term.

Level of Evidence:
Therapeutic Level III. See Instructions for Authors for a complete description of levels of evidence.
Risk Factors and Pooled Rate of Prolonged Opioid Use Following Trauma or Surgery
Authors: Mohamadi Amin , Chan Jimmy J. , Lian Jayson , Wright Casey L. , Marin Arden M. , Rodriguez Edward K. , von Keudell Arvind , Nazarian Ara 
Published: August 2018

Background:
Prolonged use of opioids initiated for surgical or trauma-related pain management has become a global problem. While several factors have been reported to increase the risk of prolonged opioid use, there is considerable inconsistency regarding their significance or effect size. Therefore, we aimed to pool the effects of risk factors for prolonged opioid use following trauma or surgery and to assess the rate and temporal trend of prolonged opioid use in different settings.

Methods:
Following PRISMA (Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses) guidelines, we searched Embase, PubMed, Web of Science, EBM (Evidence-Based Medicine) Reviews - Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews, and ClinicalTrials.gov from inception to August 28, 2017, without language restriction. Observational studies reporting risk factors for, or the rate of, prolonged opioid use among adult patients following surgery or trauma with a minimum of 1 month of follow-up were included. Study and patient characteristics, risk factors, and the rate of prolonged opioid use were synthesized.

Results:
Thirty-seven studies with 1,969,953 patients were included; 4.3% (95% confidence interval [CI] = 2.3% to 8.2%) of patients continued opioid use after trauma or surgery. Prior opioid use (number needed to harm [NNH] = 3, odds ratio [OR] = 11.04 [95% CI = 9.39 to 12.97]), history of back pain (NNH = 23, OR = 2.10 [95% CI = 2.00 to 2.20]), longer hospital stay (NNH = 25, OR = 2.03 [95% CI = 1.03 to 4.02]), and depression (NNH = 40, OR = 1.62 [95% CI = 1.49 to 1.77]) showed some of the largest effects on prolonged opioid use (p < 0.001 for all but hospital stay [p = 0.042]). The rate of prolonged opioid use was higher in trauma (16.3% [95% CI = 13.6% to 22.5%]; p < 0.001) and in the Workers’ Compensation setting (24.6% [95% CI = 2.0% to 84.5%]; p = 0.003) than in other subject enrollment settings. The temporal trend was not significant for studies performed in the U.S. (p = 0.07) while a significant temporal trend was observed for studies performed outside of the U.S. (p = 0.014).

Conclusions:
To our knowledge, this is the first meta-analysis reporting the pooled effect of risk factors that place patients at an increased chance for prolonged opioid use. Understanding the pooled effect of risk factors and their respective NNH values can aid patients and physicians in developing effective and individualized pain-management strategies with a lower risk of prolonged opioid use.

Level of Evidence:
Prognostic Level III. See Instructions for Authors for a complete description of levels of evidence.
Saturated Salt Solution Cadaver-Embalming Method Improves Orthopaedic Surgical Skills Training
Authors: Burns David M. , Bell Ian , Katchky Ryan , Dwyer Tim , Toor Jay , Whyne Cari M. , Safir Oleg 
Published: August 2018

Background:
Human cadaver surgical skills training offers the highest-fidelity simulation of the operative environment, with the potential to enhance surgeon training and to reduce operative risks to patients. Embalming extends the duration that a cadaveric specimen may be used for surgical skills training and reduces the risk of disease transmission, but it can alter the properties of the cadaver tissue, reducing the simulation fidelity and training quality. The purpose of this controlled laboratory study was to evaluate 3 embalming methods, formaldehyde solution, alcohol-glycol solution, and saturated salt solution, and to compare their relative performance in a 2-week orthopaedic surgical skills training course.

Methods:
The 3 embalming methods were applied to 3 cadavers each. Joint range of motion and joint stiffness were measured prior to dissection. The cadavers were assessed by 4 orthopaedic surgeons on the first and last days of the training course in 4 domains: tissue visual fidelity, tissue tactile fidelity, odor, and overall suitability for surgical skills training using 7-point Likert scales. Sterile specimens for bacterial and fungal culture were obtained from cadaver muscle tissue on the fourth and fifteenth days of use.

Results:
All cadaver groups were successfully preserved without putrefaction and were utilized over the duration of the training course. The saturated salt solution cadavers had supple joints with excellent motion and were rated highly across all domains. The saturated salt solution cadaver joint motion, stiffness, visual and tactile tissue fidelity, odor, and suitability for surgical skills training were significantly superior (p < 0.05) to the formaldehyde solution and alcohol-glycol solution cadavers.

Conclusions:
The saturated salt embalming method is inexpensive and logistically straightforward and preserves human cadavers at room temperature in a state suitable for high-fidelity orthopaedic surgical skills training.