bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Sleep Terrors: An Updated Review
Authors: Leung Alexander K.C. , Leung Amy A.M. , Wong Alex H.C. , Hon Kam Lun 
Published: October 2019

Background:
Sleep terrors are common, frightening, but fortunately benign events. Familiarity
with this condition is important so that an accurate diagnosis can be made.

Objective:
To familiarize physicians with the clinical manifestations, diagnosis, and management
of children with sleep terrors.

Methods:
A PubMed search was completed in Clinical Queries using the key terms " sleep terrors"
OR " night terrors". The search strategy included meta-analyses, randomized controlled trials,
clinical trials, observational studies, and reviews. Only papers published in the English literature
were included in this review. The information retrieved from the above search was used in the
compilation of the present article.

Results:
It is estimated that sleep terrors occur in 1 to 6.5% of children 1 to 12 years of age. Sleep
terrors typically occur in children between 4 and 12 years of age, with a peak between 5 and 7
years of age. The exact etiology is not known. Developmental, environmental, organic, psychological,
and genetic factors have been identified as a potential cause of sleep terrors. Sleep terrors tend
to occur within the first three hours of the major sleep episode, during arousal from stage three or
four non-rapid eye movement (NREM) sleep. In a typical attack, the child awakens abruptly from
sleep, sits upright in bed or jumps out of bed, screams in terror and intense fear, is panicky, and has
a frightened expression. The child is confused and incoherent: verbalization is generally present but
disorganized. Autonomic hyperactivity is manifested by tachycardia, tachypnea, diaphoresis,
flushed face, dilated pupils, agitation, tremulousness, and increased muscle tone. The child is difficult
to arouse and console and may express feelings of anxiety or doom. In the majority of cases,
the patient does not awaken fully and settles back to quiet and deep sleep. There is retrograde amnesia
for the attack the following morning. Attempts to interrupt a sleep terror episode should be
avoided. As sleep deprivation can predispose to sleep terrors, it is important that the child has good
sleep hygiene and an appropriate sleeping environment. Medical intervention is usually not necessary,
but clonazepam may be considered on a short-term basis at bedtime if sleep terrors are frequent
and severe or are associated with functional impairment, such as fatigue, daytime sleepiness,
and distress. Anticipatory awakening, performed approximately half an hour before the child is
most likely to experience a sleep terror episode, is often effective for the treatment of frequently
occurring sleep terrors.

Conclusion:
Most children outgrow the disorder by late adolescence. In the majority of cases, there
is no specific treatment other than reassurance and parental education. Underlying conditions, however,
should be treated if possible and precipitating factors should be avoided.
Compressive Strength and Slump Prediction of Two Blended Agro Waste Materials Concretes
Authors: Onikeku Oluwaseye , Shitote Stanley M. , Mwero John , Adedeji Adeola. A. , Kanali Christopher 
Published: October 2019

Background:
Agro industrial wastes such as Bamboo Leaf Ash (BLA) and Bagasse Ash (BA) need to be employed so as to replace cement in order to produce cheaper concrete, which, in turn, save the environment.

Objective:
This research focuses on the compressive strength and slump based on Artificial Neural Network (ANN) and Multiple Linear Regression (MLR) models for forecasting of compressive strength and slump value for concrete by blending BLA and BA as partial supplementary cement materials accordingly.

Methods:
Three-layer perceptron was constructed through R (nnet package). A sum total of eleven artificial neural networks were formulated using 214 data sets attained from 27 laboratory concrete mixtures performed.

Results:
The neural network model forecasted the compressive strength for training, testing and validation with predicted errors of 0.802 MPa and 1.380 MPa. The model over forecasted the compressive strength averagely by 0.644 MPa and 1.905 MPa. The forecasted compressive strength changed averagely by 2.328% and 3.946%. The average difference between the predicted and experimental values was 0.588 MPa and 1.050 MPa. The coefficients of determination were 0.961 and 0.905. The MLR model predicted the slump with predictive error values of 6.634 mm and 8.374 mm. The predicted slump deviated on average by 3.633% and 8.034%. The residual error was 3.075 on 12 degrees of freedom. The multiple R2 and adjusted R2 were 0.9336 and 0.9115. The P-value was found to be 5.639e-07.

Conclusion:
The results show that ANN and MLR are potent tools for forecasting the compressive strength and slump of concrete blending bamboo leaf ash and baggage ash. Hence, this contributes towards forecasting of the compressive strength and slump of BLA and BA blended concrete. They extends 28 days compressive strength usually found in the literature to 56 and 90 days compressive strength and there was a remarkable improvement as curing age increases. The slump of combined effect of blending BLA and BA at different percentage replacements was tested. In this study, we used BLA blended with BA to produce concrete which is an innovation.
Perbedaan Unjuk Kerja Mesin Menggunakan Electronic Control Unit Tipe Racing dan Tipe Standar pada Sepeda Motor Automatic
Authors: Rahman Rifki Mufti , Widjanarko Dwi , Wijaya M. Burhan Rubai 
Published: October 2019

The achievement of electronic-based motorcycle engine or Fuel Injection (FI) has better capability or power compared to conventional system vehicles. This research aims to determine the performance difference of using racing electronic control unit (ECU) compared to standard ECU of an automatic motorcycle. The experiment was carried out on a Honda Vario 125cc motorcycle manufactured in 2013. The research method is experimental research and uses descriptive statistic method. Research findings inform that the maximum torque of the standard ECU is 16.63 Nm at 3500 rpm, and the maximum power is 6.36 KW at 4500 rpm. The racing ECU (Iquteche) has a maximum torque of 22.42 Nm at 2500 rpm, and maximum power of 7.70 kW. The apparent increase in torque is around 36.58 % and in power is around 33.9 %. It can be concluded that the Iquteche ECU provides a more optimized engine performance on an automatic motorcycle.Prestasi mesin sepeda motor berbasis elektronik atau Fuel Injection (FI) memiliki kemampuan atau tenaga yang lebih baik dibandingkan dengan kendaraan sistem konvensional. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui perbedaan unjuk kerja mesin menggunakan Electronic Control Unit tipe racing dan tipe standar pada sepeda motor automatic. Objek penelitian dilakukan pada kendaraan Honda Vario 125cc tahun pembuatan 2013. Penelitian dilakukan dengan menggunkan metode experimental serta analisis data statistik deskriptif. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa diperoleh data torsi maksimal ECU standar sebesar 16.63 N.m pada putaran 3500 rpm, dan daya tertinggi sebesar 6.36 kW pada putaran 4500 rpm. Sedangkan hasil pengujian menggunakan ECU Iquteche diperoleh torsi tertingi sebesar 22.42 N.m pada putaran 2500 rpm, dan daya tertinggi sebesar 7.70 kW. Selain itu juga diketahui adanya peningkatan torsi mesin sebesar 36.58% dan peningkatan daya sebesar 33.99%, serta diketahui juga bahwa penggunaan ECU Iquteche lebih efektif untuk meningkatkan unjuk kerja mesin pada kendaraan jenis sepeda motor automatic.
Cuantificación química de lípidos en cultivos semihidropónicos de tomate en estrés salino – alternativa para proyectos en cursos semestrales
Authors: Salas Asencios Ramsés , Monteghirfo Gomero Mario 
Published: October 2019

<p class="Default">Se evaluó el contenido de lípidos totales, triglicéridos y esteroles de cultivos semihidropónicos de tomate (<em>Solanum lycopersicon</em>) en condiciones de estrés salino, utilizando métodos químicos de cuantificación. Los resultados muestran una movilización de las fracciones lipídicas en respuesta a la salinidad similar a lo reportado por otros trabajos de investigación, lo que permite concluir que los métodos químicos utilizados son una buena alternativa para realizar experimentos similares dentro de un curso de pregrado.</p>
Experiencias con el empleo del Zn y aleaciones Zn-Al en la enseñanza de materiales y manufactura
Authors: Barba-Pingarrón Arturo , Gonzalez Parra Jesús Rafael , Covelo Villar Alba , Valdez Navarro Raúl Gilberto , Martínez Flores Esperanza Elizabeth , Hernández Gallegos Miguel Angel , Cabrera Marrero José María , Torres Villaseñor Gabriel Jorge 
Published: October 2019

<p class="Textbody">En este trabajo se reúnen una serie de actividades experimentales que se han generado, usando al Zinc y a las aleaciones Zn-Al como recurso didáctico para la enseñanza de materias del ámbito de los Materiales, de la Manufactura y de la Ingeniería de Superficies. Se proponen, asimismo, experiencias que se pueden incluir en el futuro y se presenta un análisis de las ventajas y limitaciones de la utilización del zinc y las aleaciones Zn-Al, todo esto como una alternativa atractiva para mejorar los resultados del proceso enseñanza-aprendizaje en estas asignaturas. Entre las ventajas de estos recursos conviene señalar que el procesamiento ocurre a temperaturas mucho menores de las convencionalmente empleadas con aceros y que se puede tener una gama de opciones adicionales para la enseñanza de novedosos procesos.</p>
UPAYA PEMBERANTASAN NYAMUK AEDES AEGYPTI DENGAN PENGASAPAN (FOGGING) DALAM RANGKA MENCEGAH PENINGKATAN KASUS DEMAM BERDARAH
Authors: Kusumawati Yuli , Suswardany Dwi Linna , Yuniarno Saudin , Darnoto S. 
Published: October 2019

Dengue Haemoragic Fever is one of infectious diseases which cancause death. The spreading of this disease is caused by Aedes aegypti bitingthat carries Dengue Virus in its body. The importance of the mosquitoelimination by fogging is to kill adult mosquitoes which contain DengueVirus and are ready to infect ather people. So that the spreading cahincan be severed.The elimination of Aedes aegypti done in Hajjah NuriahShabran School of Koranic studies showed satisfying result. Afterevaluating this location, it could be seen that there was no Aedes aegypti,at least its density was decreased. It also could be noticed that the commonenvironment cleanliness was increasing, there was no more Aedes aegyptibreeding places and the larvae did not exist any longer. Finally, there isunderstanding and awareness increasing of the school of Kuranic Studiesmembers in taking care of environment cleanliness properly to eliminatemosquito and the Aedes aegypti breeding places.
Sintesis Styrene Menjadi Polystyrene Dengan Metode Polimerisasi Suspensi
Authors: Suseno Natalia 
Published: October 2019

Produk polimer yang dapat dikategorikan sebagai bahan plastik, serat, elastomer, banyak dijumpai dalam kehidupan manusia sehari-hari untuk berbagai kebutuhan. Menyadari pentingnya peranan polimer sintetik khususnya untuk bahan plastik, maka banyak penelitian yang dilakukan berhubungan dengan pembuatan polimer tersebut. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk melakukan sintesa styrene dengan cara polimerisasi suspensi dan diharapkan mendapatkan polystyrene yang dapat digunakan sebagai bahan baku plastik atau dapat pula dikembangkan sebagai styroform/gabus .
Pada tahap awal dari penelitian ini, dilakukan percobaan dengan cara memvariasikan variabel-variabel proses polimerisasi seperti konsentrasi monomer, suhu dan waktu polimerisasi untuk mendapatkan pengaruhnya terhadap ukuran kristal dan hasil produk polimer (yield) yang optimum. Proses polimerisasi suspensi dilakukan dengan cara mencampurkan monomer styrene dengan air sebagai pelarut, PVA sebagai suspending agent dan sedikit benzoil peroksida sebagai inisiator. Pada kondisi optimum karakteristik terhadap kemurnian produk ditentukan dengan analisa menggunakan FTIR.
Hasil dari penelitian ini diperoleh dua kondisi optimum berdasarkan perhitungan dengan metode respon surface, yang pertama dibatasi oleh ukuran kristal (± 2mm). Kondisi optimum ini diperoleh pada konsentrasi monomer 1,034 N dan pada waktu polimerisasi 4 jam. Sedangkan kondisi optimum yang kedua tidak dibatasi oleh ukuran kristal. Kondisi optimum ini diperoleh pada waktu polimerisasi 4 jam.
Efek Anthelmintika Ekstrak Air Daun Ketepeng Cina (Cassia Alata, L.) Terhadap Cacing Usus Dari Sayuran
Authors: Kirtishanti Aguslina 
Published: October 2019

Telah dilakukan penelitian efek anthelmintika ekstrak air daun Ketepeng Cina (Cassia alata, L.) terhadap cacing usus dari sayuran dengan menggunakan hewan coba mencit. Ada 3 jenis sayuran yang biasa dimakan mentah yaitu kubis, kemangi dan selada bistik. Hasil pemeriksaan parasitologis menunjukkan bahwa sayuran tersebut positif mengandung telur atau larva cacing usus. Telur cacing yang paling banyak ditemukan adalah Ascaris lumbricoides.
Pengujian ekstrak air daun Ketepeng Cina dilakukan dengan 3 konsentrasi yaitu 60%, 80% dan 100%, sebagai pembanding digunakan suspensi pirantel pamoat 5%. Hasil pengujian menunjukkan bahwa ekstrak air daun Ketepeng Cina (Cassia alata, L.) memberikan efek anthelmintika dengan menurunkan jumlah telur cacing Ascaris lumbricoides per gram tinja dan jumlah cacing Ascaris lumbricoides tersisa satu minggu setelah perlakuan, walaupun kemampuan terapinya lebih rendah dibandingkan suspensi pirantel pamoat.
Evidence of impaired longitudinal strain in pre-Fontan palliation in functional single left ventricle
Authors: Del Pasqua Alessia , Chinali Marcello , D’Anna Carolina , Ciliberti Paolo , Esposito Claudia , Gugliotta Maria , Milewski Priscilla , Perrone Marco Alfonso , Romeo Francesco , Carotti Adriano , Guccione Paolo , Rinelli Gabriele 
Published: October 2019

Background
We evaluated two-dimensional speckle-tracking echocardiography longitudinal strain (L2DSE) in functionally single left ventricles (LV).

Methods
We retrospectively analyzed 21 patients with functionally single LV. We divided patients into two groups according to pre-Fontan cardiac catheterization data: group 1, adequate data for Fontan procedure and group 2, inadequate data.

Results
LV strain correlated with predicted pressure in the Fontan system (r = 0.64; P = 0.003), pressure in the Glenn system (r = 0.57; P = 0.010), and transpulmonary gradient (r = 0.59; P = 0.008), but not with left atrial pressure (r = 0.292; P = 0.226) or ejection fraction (r = 0.254; P = 0.294). In multiple regression analysis, four-chamber LV strain was correlated with predicted pressure in the Fontan (β = 0.642: P = 0.003), whereas no association was found with LV ejection fraction (β = 0.254; P = 0.294), or time from Glenn palliation (β = 0.082; P = 0.893). When dividing the population into two groups according to catheterization data, significantly lower four-chamber longitudinal 2DSE (−25.8 ± 3.2 vs.−19.5 ± 5.1; P = 0.004) was found to be not suitable for the Fontan procedure, as compared with those who underwent successful Fontan completion.

Conclusion
Regardless of ejection fraction, four-chamber L2DSE is associated with high predicted pressure in the Fontan system. Patients with hemodynamic data unsuitable for Fontan operation have significantly lower mean longitudinal strain parameters. 2DSE may represent a valuable tool in assessing patients with single LV physiology and might provide useful pre-Fontan information.
Inovação na educação: perspectiva de estudantes do ensino profissionalizante
Authors: Alcântara Caio M. Guimarães , Linhares Ronaldo Nunes , Guimarães Yuri 
Published: October 2019

Resumo: Numa sociedade pautada na produção e disseminação de conhecimento, as práticas inovadoras têm sido valorizadas em especial no campo da educação, responsável pela formação e inserção dos sujeitos na sociedade. Tendo em vista essa relação entre educação/inovação, este artigo propõe construir uma reflexão acerca das diferentes dimensões da relação entre os conceitos de inovação e educação. A discussão foi construída a partir de uma pesquisa qualitativa, descritiva e baseada no cruzamento de dados obtidos com um levantamento bibliográfico que configurou o estado dos estudos e pesquisas sobre a inovação na educação, comparando a dimensão científica dos conceitos com a percepção de alunos de dois cursos técnicos de nível médio sobre os conceitos de educação e inovação. Como resultado, depreende-se que a inovação é compreendida enquanto produção de conhecimento contextualizado que produz impactos na sociedade. Para os alunos que responderam o questionário a relação entre educação e inovação promove mudanças no sentido de melhorar e adequar práticas para uma melhor inserção na realidade social. Palavras-chave: Aprendizagem; Educação; Inovação.
DIVERSITY OF THE PUMPKIN COLLECTION AND ITS HEREDITARY POTENTIAL. RESULTS AND PROSPECTS OF BREEDING PRACTICE
Authors: Elatskova A. G. 
Published: October 2019

Background. Pumpkin is an important food, feed and medicinal crop. It is widely used by national cuisines in many countries and utilized as raw material for canning industry and in pharmacy to prepare drugs. The Kuban Experiment Station of VIR, where the collection of pumpkin genetic resources is maintained and regenerated for long-term storage in the genebank, conducts comprehensive research work to analyze the genetic diversity of pumpkin accessions and disclose the potential of its hereditary variation.Objective. The aim of this study was to screen various species from the global pumpkin collection and identify sources of traits valuable for breeders in order to develop promising cultivars and hybrids.Materials and methods. The pumpkin collection was studied and the breeding work was performed using the guidelines worked out by VIR’s scientists. The work included botanical description, study of variability and inheritance of traits, hybridization, inbreeding, mutagenesis, and different selection techniques (individual, group, individual/ family, and mass selection). In the first stages of the study, inbreeding was employed to select best plants from the collection in order to set up a trait-specific collection and incorporate its accessions into the hybridization process. Self-pollination was usedfor several years to obtain self-pollinated lines, sufficiently uniform in the selected trait. The hybrid progenies from crosses between parental forms were analyzed to throw light on the inheritance of major traits and their genetic control. The accessions were assessed for their earliness, productivity and quality. Evaluation of disease resistance was carried out in the field under natural infection pressure.Results and discussion. Targeted breeding efforts resulted in releasing cultivars of Cucurbita pepo L., C. maxima Duch. and C. moschata Duch. ex. Poir. having different maturation schedules and approved for cultivation in various regions of Russia: ‘Kustovaya oranzhevaya’, ‘Lechebnaya’, ‘Kustovaya zolotaya’, ‘Malyshka’, ‘Matreshka’, ‘Krasavitsa’, Zimnyaya sladkaya’, ‘Zhemchuzhina’, ‘Yantarnaya’ and ‘Mariya’. These cultivars are in demand among both agricultural producers and individual growers. New sources of valuable morphobiological and agronomic characters have been identified as useful for modern plant breeding trends: KL 625, ZhZM 692, L-180, L-193, KPL 168, KL 568 and KL 570. New bushy lines of C. maxima and C. moschata selected from cultivar and hybrid populations are now tested in an elite test nursery in order to submit the best of them to the State Variety Trials.
GENETIC SOURCES FOR BREEDING BUSHY AND SHORT-VINE WATERMELON CULTIVARS
Authors: Tekhanovich G. A. , Elatskova A. G. , Elatskova Yu. A. 
Published: October 2019

Background. When studying the collection of watermelon, it is important to disclose its genetic potential by identifying spontaneous mutations, using its accessions in crosses, and analyzing inheritance of its main traits in hybrids. One of the priorities in watermelon breeding is to develop and produce genetic sources of bushy and short-vine forms with stable manifestation of their morpho-biological characters under various environmental conditions.Material and methods. Accessions from the watermelon collection (local landraces, commercialized and promising cultivars, hybrids and lines obtained in the process of work) of diverse ecogeographic groups served as the material for this research. Description of morphological characters and assessment of economically useful ones were based on the guidelines for studying and maintaining the cucurbit collection and the guidelines for cucurbit crop breeding, both developed by VIR.Results. Variability and inheritance of the bushiness and short vine characters were studied in watermelon accessions according to the features of their growth and development. The habitus of the bushy forms is shaped by the length of stems (0.8– 1.2 m) and very short (2–3 cm) internodes. Short-vine plant stems are 1.3–1.5 m long. Short-vine plants in the early period of development distinctly stand out for their compact bush, if compared with long-vine forms. Short vines are developed due to short internodes (4–5 cm) and a smaller number of lateral shoots.Conclusion. Many years of studying the watermelon collection in the field resulted in identification of promising genetic sources for the breeding of bushy and short-vine cultivars: bushy dissected-leaf lines (KRL) – KRL 694, KRL 656, KRL 376 and KRL 394; bushy entire-leaf lines (KTsL) – KTsL 760/13; yellow-green bushy dissectedleaf lines (ZhZKRL) – ZhZKRL; short-vine watermelon lines (KPL) – KPL 774 and KPL 368. The developed lines differ in morpho-biological and economically useful characters (yield,fruit quality, growing season duration, etc.). They possess resistance to diseases (fusarium wilt and anthracnose) and environmental stressors. The lines are offered for use in the breeding of new bushy and short-vine cultivars and improvement of the existing ones, with various combinations of morpho-biological and economic traits. Brief descriptions of main economically valuable characters of the breeding lines are presented.
Standard therapy potentiation of patients with Stable Angina FC III with concomitant Hypertension through nitric oxide donator L-arginine administration
Authors: Zozuliak N. V. , Zozuliak Z. V. , Neiko V. Ye. , Romash I. B. , Romash I. R. , Gayova I. M. , Tymkiv I. V. , Blyzniuk M. V. , Romash N. I. , Todoriv T. V. 
Published: October 2019

The purpose of the study was to improve treatment of patients with Stable Angina functional class III (FC) with concomitant arterial hypertension (AH) through a combination of standard therapy with L-arginine. There were examined63 patients with Stable Angina III FK with AH. All patients in the clinic were analyzedby the test with reactive hyperemia, were measured levels of cardio-ankle vascular index, pulse wave velocity, aortic stiffness index and the thickness of the complex "intima-media". It has been established that in studied patients with L-arginine significantly improves endothelium dependent vasodilatation, presumably due to the supply of substrate for the synthesis of nitric oxide, as well as due to antioxidant properties, which prevents the excessive formation of toxic peroxynitrite in conditions of high oxidation stress. Endothelial-independent vasodilation in the standard therapy group was significantly lowered, while in the L-arginine group, the incidence of changes was unreliable, which may indicate a decrease in sensitivity to nitrates in Group I. Thus, the inclusion to antianginal and antihypertensive therapyof L-arginine is more pronouncedaffects subclinical parameters of arterial rigidity, than in the background of treatment with standard therapy.