bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Les éditeurs comme personnages médiatiques
Authors: Vallotton François 
Published: August 2019

Cet article traite de la présence des éditeurs suisses à la radio et à la télévision. Un projet d’enseignement et de recherche sur les émissions littéraires de radio et de télévision en Suisse romande nous a permis d’en identifier un nombre impressionnant. Nous nous attacherons ici sur deux figures qui ont marqué le paysage éditorial suisse dans la seconde moitié du xxe siècle tout en maintenant une forte rivalité à travers une conception assez différente du métier d’éditeur et de la littérature francophone : Bertil Galland et Vladimir Dimitrijevic. Leur présence à la radio et à la télévision est importante. Dans un premier temps, nous analyserons les modalités d’intervention des éditeurs dans les médias. Dans un deuxième temps, nous examinerons le contenu et la nature de ces déclarations publiques : dans quelle mesure pouvons-nous établir des liens entre elles et la pratique professionnelle? et comment ces types de contributions soulignent-ils ou influencent-ils d’autres formes d’autoreprésentation? Dans cette perspective, la spécificité des sources audiovisuelles doit prendre en compte les rôles de la voix, du rythme, de l’accent, mais aussi de l’attitude corporelle dans la construction d’une forme de position éditoriale.
Determining the Incidence of Complications and Their Causes after Stapedotomy in Patients with Otosclerosis
Authors: Mohseni Mohamad , Daneshi Ahmad , Asghari Ali Mohamad , Mohebi Saleh , Moradi Sara 
Published: August 2019

Introduction: In order to treat the symptoms of otosclerosis, various surgical and medical treatments are suggested. Surgical treatments are the choice. This study aimed to determine the incidence of vertigo and its cause in Iran, and the present study focused on this issue.
Methods: This was a prospective cohort study carried out on patients with otosclerosis undergoing stapedotomy referred to Rasoul Akram hospital, Tehran during 2017-18. The patients aged below 18 or those who had a history of vertigo were excluded. Diapasonic and audiometric tests were carried out. The follow-ups included the time of admission (the day after surgery) for the presence of vertigo using visual analogue scale and diapasonic tests, one week after surgery using visual analogue scale and diapasonic tests, and one month after surgery using visual analogue scale and audiometry. The data were imported to SPSS v.22 software and analyzed.
Results: The surgical complications that occurred after stapedotomy for patients in this center were as follows: 12.1%of subjects had vertigo one day after surgery, 8.6% had vertigo one week later, and 1.7% had vertigo one month later, thus, the frequency of vertigo was reduced overtime. Meanwhile, 91.4% of the patients had a better sense of hearing and only 1.7% suffered from tympanic membrane perforation. In 8.6% of subjects, there was a disturbance in the taste. Tinnitus was only observed in 5.2% of the surgical patients in this center. Among women, vertigo was higher one day and one week after surgery. Logistic regression showed that age is significant predictor of dizziness one day after surgery (OR: 1.37, P=0.03).
Conclusion: According to the results, the frequency of vertigo was decreased overtime. In this study, it was found that the complications of stapedotomy surgery were less than other surgical methods, but those who were older had significantly higher vertigo a week and one day after surgery indicating effective role of age on postoperative complications. Those who underwent surgery by tympanomeatal method had a better vertigo one day and one week after surgery.
Molecular Staples for Tough and Stretchable Adhesion in Integrated Soft Materials
Authors: Chen Baohong , Yang Jiawei , Bai Ruobing , Suo Zhigang 
Published: August 2019

AbstractThe integration of soft materials—biological tissues, gels, and elastomers—is a rapidly developing technology of this time. Whereas hard materials are adhered using adhesives of hard polymers since antiquity, these hard polymers are generally unsuited to adhere soft materials, because hard polymers constrain the deformation of soft materials. This paper describes a design principle to use hard polymers to adhere soft materials, such that adhesion remains tough after the adhered soft materials are subject to many cycles of large stretches in the plane of their interface. The two soft materials have stretchable polymer networks, but need not have functional groups for adhesion. The two soft materials are adhered by forming, in situ at their interface, islands of a hard polymer. The adhesion is tough if the islands themselves are strong, and the polymers of the islands are in topological entanglement with the polymer networks of the soft materials. The adhesion is stretchable if the islands are smaller than the flaw sensitivity length. Several methods of forming the hard polymer islands are demonstrated, and the mechanics and chemistry of adhesion are studied. The design principle will enable many hard polymers to form tough and stretchable adhesion between soft materials.
Type 1 diabetes and body composition in youth: A systematic review
Authors: Calella Patrizia , Gallè Francesca , Fornelli Gianfranco , Liguori Giorgio , Valerio Giuliana 
Published: July 2019

SummaryAn increasing prevalence of overweight and obesity was reported in youth with type 1 diabetes, likely due to the intensive insulin treatment and/or an unhealthy lifestyle. Analyses of body composition may help describe the real increase in fat mass, which contributes to the diabetes‐related cardio‐metabolic risk. This systematic review evaluated the current literature on body composition assessments in youth with type 1 diabetes and the potential association with cardio‐metabolic, functional, or behavioural risk factors. A systematic search of literature studies reporting assessments of body composition in youth with type 1 diabetes published until April 2018 was performed following the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta‐Analyses guidelines. Twenty‐three articles with different study designs reported assessments of body composition. The following methods were used to assess body composition: computerized dual energy X‐ray absorptiometry (n = 10), bioelectrical impedance analysis (n = 8), skinfold thickness measurement (n = 4), and air displacement plethysmography (n = 1). Higher fat mass values were found in youth with type 1 diabetes in seven of the 13 studies that included a healthy control group. Most studies investigating the association between body composition and cardio‐metabolic risk factors showed that youth with higher fat mass levels had poor glycaemic control, dyslipidaemia, or higher blood pressure. Assessments of body composition may represent a useful clinical procedure to support decision‐making in type 1 diabetes management. Further research is needed to standardize the assessment of body composition and develop a consensus guideline.
Thin‐layer drying of parchment Arabica coffee by controlling temperature and relative humidity
Authors: Phitakwinai Sutida , Thepa Sirichai , Nilnont Wanich 
Published: August 2019

AbstractThis paper presents thin‐layer drying of parchment coffee (Coffea arabica). Thin‐layer drying of parchment coffee was conducted under controlled temperatures (50°C, 60°C, and 70°C) and relative humidities (10%–30%). The temperature of the drying air was important for drying at a high temperature, which results in the rapid removal of moisture and reduced time for drying. Nine thin‐layer drying models (Newton, Page, Henderson and Pabis, logarithmic, two‐term, modified Henderson and Pabis, two‐term exponential, approximation diffusion, and modified‐Midilli) were fitted to the experimental data for parchment coffee. The drying parameters of parchment coffee were related to temperature and relative humidity. The best model was the modified‐Midilli model, which can be used to design the optimal dryer. The effective moisture diffusivity of parchment coffee drying was determined by minimizing the sum of squares of the deviations between the experimental data for the moisture content and the predicted values of thin‐layer drying. The effective moisture diffusivity as a function of the temperature at each relative humidity was expressed by the Arrhenius‐type equation.
Crowding‐out or crowding‐in? Direct voice, performance‐related pay, and organizational innovation in European firms
Authors: Della Torre Edoardo , Salimi Meysam , Giangreco Antonio 
Published: July 2019

AbstractBuilding on motivation crowding theory (MCT), this article contributes to the human resources management (HRM)‐innovation debate by examining the potential trade‐offs between HRM practices targeted to increase employees' intrinsic motivation, such as direct employee voice (EV), and the presence of extrinsic incentives in the form of individual and collective performance‐related pay (PRP). The results of the analysis on more than 22,000 European establishments show support for the positive relationship between EV and a firm's organizational innovation, and that this relationship is weaker in companies that adopted individual PRP schemes (piece‐rate plans). Moreover, while we found that collective PRP (profit‐sharing) does not moderate the relationship between EV and organizational innovation, a positive and significant moderation effect emerged when the combined presence of individual and collective PRP was considered. By advocating that the coexistence of multiple forms of PRP could overcome the crowding‐out effect of individual PRP on EV, the study contributes to the HRM debate by also calling for a better understanding of the potential contingencies between different HRM practices when innovation is focus of the analysis.
FIGO review of statements on use of synthetic mesh for pelvic organ prolapse and stress urinary incontinence
Authors: Ugianskiene Aiste , Davila G. Willy , Su Tsung‐Hsien ,   the FIGO Urogynecology and Pelvic Floor Committee
Published: July 2019

AbstractThe use of synthetic mesh implantation for the surgical management of pelvic organ prolapse (POP) and stress urinary incontinence (SUI) has grown in popularity since mesh was marketed for widespread use in the early 1990s. As mesh usage has expanded, patterns of previously unexpected complications have become apparent. In the United States and other countries, the increase in reported outcomes (both positive and negative) has led to the initiation of medico‐legal actions by patients reporting negative effects of the implanted mesh. As a result, several national and professional societies have convened expert panels to publish summaries of reported outcomes and provide clinical recommendations regarding mesh use. Despite their recommendations and further dissemination of the potential complications reported after urogynecologic mesh use, the popularity of mesh use for POP and SUI has continued to expand, with apparent geographic and national patterns. As the largest global association focusing on women's health, FIGO, via its Urogynecology and Pelvic Floor Committee, has reviewed published national recommendations regarding the use of mesh, and has summarized them for the FIGO membership to help disseminate important recommendations to surgeons who may not be aware of the existence and content of these recommendations.
Vortex‐assisted natural deep eutectic solvent microextraction using response surface methodology optimization for determination of orthophosphate in water samples by molybdenum blue method
Authors: Najafi Amir , Hashemi Mahdi 
Published: July 2019

AbstractA new, rapid, and efficient microextraction technique named vortex‐assisted natural deep eutectic solvent microextraction has been developed for the preconcentration and determination of orthophosphate in real water samples. The method is based on the formation of the phosphomolybdenium blue complex followed by proposed microextraction procedure and subsequent spectrophotometric determination in a microcell. Screening study for the optimal composition of natural deep eutectic solvent was initially performed with different solvents, including choline chloride as hydrogen bond acceptor and different hydrogen bond donors. A ternary mixture of glucose‐choline chloride‐water was used as the most efficient extraction solvent. Response surface methodology based on the central composite design was used to optimize experimental parameters. Under optimal conditions, the calibration graph for orthophosphate determination was linear over the range of 2.0–80.0 µg/L (correlation coefficient of 0.9971) with a detection limit of 0.2 µg/L. The repeatability, reproducibility, and relative error values of the method were below 7%, indicating acceptable precision and accuracy. This approach, using natural deep eutectic solvent as an eco‐friendly solvent with high solubilization power and vortex mixing as an alternative energy source, represents a promising choice for a green separation and preconcentration methodology for determination of orthophosphate in real water samples.
Response of shrubland birds to regenerating clearcut area and shape
Authors: George Andrew D. , Porneluzi Paul A. , Haslerig Janet M. , Faaborg John 
Published: July 2019

ABSTRACTConservation of birds that breed in early‐successional forests will require an understanding of their response to patch size and shape during the early seral stages following disturbance. We modeled the effects of patch area, patch shape, and time period following harvest on territory densities of 5 shrubland bird species and bird community composition in 36 clearcuts from 1997 to 2014 in the Missouri Ozarks, USA. Our best‐supported models indicated that densities of indigo bunting (Passerina cyanea), yellow‐breasted chat (Icteria virens), and prairie warbler (Setophaga discolor) declined from the early time period (1–7 years post‐harvest) to the late time period (12–18 years post‐harvest), regardless of clearcut area or shape. Yellow‐breasted chat density and bird species richness were positively related to clearcut shape complexity. Bird species richness increased, and bird species density decreased with clearcut area during both time periods. Non‐metric multidimensional scaling indicated that bird community composition was strongly related to time since harvest. Within the spatial scale of our study, successional stage is more influential than clearcut size and shape, and some bird species may benefit from relatively small or irregularly shaped clearcuts. © 2019 The Wildlife Society.
Lipidomic Analysis of Clostridium cadaveris and Clostridium fallax
Authors: Guan Ziqiang , Garrett Teresa A. , Goldfine Howard 
Published: August 2019

AbstractThe lipidomes of Clostridium fallax and Clostridium cadaveris were studied using thin‐layer chromatography (TLC) and normal phase liquid chromatography/mass spectrometry (NPLC/MS). Both species contain diradylglycerol (DRG), monohexosyldiradylglycerol (MHDRG), monohexosyl monoacylglycerol (MHMAG), phosphatidylglycerol (PtdGro), and phosphatidylethanolamine (PtdEtn). DRG, MHDRG, PtdEtn, and PtdGro are present in both diacyl and alk‐1‐enyl acyl (plasmalogen) forms. Both species contain cardiolipin (Ptd2Gro), which is present in tetraacyl, monoalkenyl‐triacyl, and dialkenyl‐diacyl forms. Both species contain small amounts of phosphatidylcholine (PtdCho). The presence of octadecadienoic (18:2) acyl chains in some PtdCho species indicates that they arise from the medium because no 18:2 is seen in the other lipids and clostridia generally lack the capacity to synthesize polyunsaturated fatty acids. The major lipidomic differences between these two species are that C. fallax contains a glycerolacetal of plasmenylethanolamine while C. cadaveris contains an ethanolamine‐phosphate‐modified diacylglycerol. The significance of these lipid compositions is discussed.
The significance of sponges for comparative studies of developmental evolution
Authors: Colgren Jeffrey , Nichols Scott A. 
Published: July 2019

AbstractSponges, ctenophores, placozoans, and cnidarians have key evolutionary significance in that they bracket the time interval during which organized animal tissues were first assembled, fundamental cell types originated (e.g., neurons and myocytes), and developmental patterning mechanisms evolved. Sponges in particular have often been viewed as living surrogates for early animal ancestors, largely due to similarities between their feeding cells (choanocytes) with choanoflagellates, the unicellular/colony‐forming sister group to animals. Here, we evaluate these claims and highlight aspects of sponge biology with comparative value for understanding developmental evolution, irrespective of the purported antiquity of their body plan. Specifically, we argue that sponges strike a different balance between patterning and plasticity than other animals, and that environmental inputs may have prominence over genetically regulated developmental mechanisms. We then present a case study to illustrate how contractile epithelia in sponges can help unravel the complex ancestry of an ancient animal cell type, myocytes, which sponges lack. Sponges represent hundreds of millions of years of largely unexamined evolutionary experimentation within animals. Their phylogenetic placement lends them key significance for learning about the past, and their divergent biology challenges current views about the scope of animal cell and developmental biology.This article is characterized under:
Comparative Development and Evolution > Evolutionary Novelties
Comparative Development and Evolution > Body Plan Evolution
Postoperative outcomes in distal hypospadias: a meta-analysis of the Mathieu and tubularized incised plate repair methods for development of urethrocutaneous fistula and urethral stricture
Authors: Winberg Hans , Arnbjörnsson Einar , Anderberg Magnus , Stenström Pernilla 
Published: August 2019

Abstract

Purpose
To compare the two major complications, namely postoperative urethrocutaneous fistula and urethral stricture, between the Mathieu and tubularized incised plate (TIP) repair methods for distal hypospadias.

Methods
In this meta-analysis, electronic databases were searched for comparative studies on the two techniques. The Oxford Centre for Evidence-based Medicine Levels of Evidence was used to evaluate the included studies. The main outcome measure was the frequency of postoperative fistula and urethral stricture. RevMan 5.3 was used for statistical analyses, with P < 0.05 indicating statistical significance.

Results
A total of 17 studies, which included 1572 patients, met the inclusion criteria. The frequency of urethrocutaneous fistula did not differ between the Mathieu [115 (13%)] and TIP [90 (13%)] methods [odds ratio (OR) 1.1, 95% confidence intervals (CI) 0.6–1.9; P = 0.73)]. Urethral stricture was less frequent after the Mathieu [15 (2%)] method than after the TIP [37 (5%)] method (OR 0.5, 95% CI 0.3–0.8; P < 0.01), even after the subgroup analysis of eight randomized controlled trials was included. Overall, the quality of the included studies was determined to be satisfactory. The levels of evidence on which this review was based ranged from 1b to 2b using the CEBM Levels of Evidence.

Conclusion
Compared with TIP repair, Mathieu repair for hypospadias had a significantly lower risk for urethral stricture; however, the risk for urethrocutaneous fistula was similar.
Dynamic Price Discovery Process of Chinese Agricultural Futures Markets: An Empirical Study Based on the Rolling Window Approach
Authors: Xu Yuanyuan , Pan Fanghui , Wang Chuanmei , Li Jian 
Published: August 2019

AbstractWe investigate the dynamic evolution of the price discovery function in Chinese agricultural futures markets using a newly developed rolling window cointegration approach. The results show that, compared with wheat and rice, the futures-spot cointegration relationship in the soybean and corn markets tends to be more durable and frequent. Dynamic cointegration analysis indicates that the recent market-oriented reforms in China have boosted the price discovery function of soybean and corn futures markets, whereas price stabilization policies tend to weaken the price discovery function of futures markets. The difference in price discovery function is attributed to differences in market mechanisms and Chinese agricultural policies.
Application of Agile Model-Based Systems Engineering in aircraft conceptual design
Authors: Krupa G. P. 
Published: August 2019

ABSTRACTOne of the challenges of modern engineering design is the amount of data that designers must keep track while performing system analysis and synthesis. This task is particularly important in the design process of complex systems such as novel aerospace systems where Modeling and Simulation play an essential role. The Agile philosophy stems from the field of Software Engineering and describes an approach to development in which requirements and solutions gradually develop through collaboration between self-organising cross-functional teams and end users. Agile Model-Based System Engineering (AMBSE) is the application of the Agile philosophy to Model-Based System Engineering. In this paper, AMBSE is accomplished through the application of the Object-Oriented System Engineering Method (OOSEM). OOSEM employs a top-down scenario-driven process that adopts System Modeling Language (SysML) and leverages the object-oriented paradigm to support the analysis, specification, design, and verification of systems. AMBSE assisted by mathematical modelling and safety assessment techniques is applied to the first design iterations of the main aircraft systems, allowing a comprehensive design exploration. The flight control system was chosen to illustrate the procedure in detail, emphasising the synthesis of a six-degrees-of-freedom model augmented by dynamic inversion control for a hypothetical supersonic transport aircraft satisfying class II MIL-F-8785C handling qualities. It is concluded that AMBSE presents promising properties to support future aircraft development within the current regulatory framework for aircraft design, while enabling a smooth transition from conceptual to preliminary design.
Midlatitude Lightning NOx Production Efficiency Inferred From OMI and WWLLN Data
Authors: Bucsela Eric J. , Pickering Kenneth E. , Allen Dale J. , Holzworth Robert H. , Krotkov Nickolay A. 
Published: August 2019

AbstractOxides of nitrogen are critical trace gases in the troposphere and are precursors for nitrate aerosol and ozone, which is an important pollutant and greenhouse gas. Lightning is the major source of NOx (NO + NO2) in the middle to upper troposphere. We estimate the production efficiency (PE) of lightning NOx (LNOx) using satellite data from the Ozone Monitoring Instrument and the ground‐based World Wide Lightning Location Network in three northern midlatitudes, primarily continental regions that include much of North America, Europe, and East Asia. Data were obtained over five boreal summers, 2007–2011, and comprise the largest number of midlatitude convective events to date for estimating the LNOx PE with satellite NO2 and ground‐based lightning measurements. In contrast to some previous studies, the algorithm assumes no minimum flash‐rate threshold and estimates freshly produced LNOx by subtracting a background of aged NOx estimated from the Ozone Monitoring Instrument data set itself. We infer an average value of 180 ± 100 moles LNOx produced per lightning flash. We also show evidence of a dependence of PE on lightning flash rate and find an approximate empirical power function relating moles LNOx to flashes. PE decreases by an order of magnitude for a 2 orders of magnitude increase in flash rate. This phenomenon has not been reported in previous satellite LNOx studies but is consistent with ground‐based observations suggesting an inverse relationship between flash rate and size.