bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A Pilot Study Assessing the Accuracy of AI ChatGPT Responses for AL Amyloidosis
Authors: Saba Ludovic , Comenzo Raymond , Khouri Jack , Anwer Faiz , Landau Heather , Chaulagain Chakra 
Published: November 2024

ABSTRACTAL amyloidosis is a rare, complex and often challenging disease for both patients and healthcare providers. The availability of accurate medical information is crucial for effective diagnosis and management. In recent years, artificial intelligence (AI) has emerged as a potential tool for providing medical information. This study aims to assess the accuracy of AI ChatGPT responses for AL amyloidosis related common questions and compare them to expert opinions. A scoring system was developed to evaluate responses provided by five participating expert physicians. AI ChatGPT demonstrated an overall accuracy rate of 82% in answering AL amyloidosis‐related questions. Responses on prognosis and patient support received the highest scores (100%), while questions related to treatment options showed lower accuracy (30%–60%). The results indicate that while the AI ChatGPT demonstrates overall accuracy, there are areas for improvement and potential discrepancies compared to expert opinions. These findings highlight the importance of ongoing refinement and validation of AI‐powered medical tools and cannot yet replace the advice of experts in the disease.
Switching from ligand to receptor anti‐calcitonin gene‐related peptide (CGRP) antibodies or vice versa in non‐responders: A controlled cohort study
Authors: van Veelen Nancy , van der Arend Britt W. H. , Hiele E. , van Zwet E. W. , Terwindt Gisela M. 
Published: November 2024

AbstractBackground and purposeLimited options exist for migraine prevention after stopping anti‐calcitonin gene‐related peptide monoclonal antibodies. A systematic review examining the benefits of switching between different classes (ligand vs. receptor monoclonal antibody) is essential, alongside well‐designed real‐world studies.MethodsIn this cohort study 67 patients were included, who discontinued their first treatment with erenumab or fremanezumab. Patients (n = 31) switched to another monoclonal antibody class within 3 months, whilst those in the control group (n = 36) received standard care. Allocation to either group relied largely on the availability of alternative monoclonal antibody treatments, introducing pseudo‐random allocation. Changes in monthly migraine days were compared between groups 3 months post‐discontinuation of the first monoclonal antibody or initiation of a different monoclonal antibody class. A multivariate regression model was conducted that accounted for potential confounding factors.ResultsThe groups were comparable at baseline and poor treatment response was the main reason for treatment discontinuation of the first monoclonal antibody. The switching cohort experienced a reduction of 3.9 monthly migraine days (95% confidence interval −6.4, −1.3, p = 0.004) compared with the control group.ConclusionTransitioning to a different anti‐calcitonin gene‐related peptide monoclonal class yields reduction in monthly migraine days compared to returning to standard care for patients with inadequate initial treatment response.
Enhancing multisensory rehabilitation of visual field defects with transcranial direct current stimulation: A randomized clinical trial
Authors: Diana Lorenzo , Casati Carlotta , Melzi Lisa , Marzoli Stefania Bianchi , Bolognini Nadia 
Published: November 2024

AbstractBackground and PurposeVisual rehabilitation is necessary for improving the quality of life of patients with acquired homonymous visual field defects (HVFDs). By modulating brain excitability and plasticity, transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) may accelerate and increase the effects of compensatory trainings, which are usually long and intensive. In the present proof‐of‐principle, double‐blind, randomized, sham‐controlled study, we assess whether anodal tDCS applied over ipsilesional occipital or parietal cortices can increase the effects of a compensatory audiovisual training for HVFDs.MethodsEighteen participants with chronic HVFDs were randomized to receive anodal or sham tDCS over the ipsilesional parietal or occipital cortex during a 2‐week (10 days, 2 h/day) audiovisual treatment aimed at improving oculomotor visual field exploration. Improvements were assessed by administering visual detection with eye movements and visual search tests, and a questionnaire for activities of daily living (ADLs) before the treatment, at its end, and at 1‐month and 4‐month follow‐ups; lesion analyses were performed to look for predictors of treatment effects.ResultsAnodal ipsilesional tDCS, regardless of the target area (occipital vs. parietal), speeds up and increases daily improvements during the training. Whereas long‐lasting (up to 4 months) post‐treatment improvements in visual search and ADLs were observed in all groups, a greater and stable increase of visual detections in the blind hemifield was brought about only by the adjuvant use of occipital tDCS.ConclusionsCompensatory audiovisual rehabilitation of HFVDs is effective and benefits from the adjuvant application of occipital and parietal tDCS, which speeds up and increases training‐induced improvement.Registry number: NCT06116760.
Challenges for the veterinary profession: A grounded theory study of veterinarians' experiences of caring for older horses
Authors: Smith Rebecca , Pinchbeck Gina , McGowan Catherine , Ireland Joanne , Perkins Elizabeth 
Published: November 2024

AbstractBackgroundIn Great Britain, owners are keeping their horses into increasingly older age, reflecting societal changes in human–animal relationships. The uptake of routine veterinary services is reported to reduce as horses age. Horse owners seek information regarding their animal's health from alternative sources before and/or following veterinary involvement. Information regarding the experiences and behaviours of veterinarians toward older horse health care provision is limited.ObjectiveThis study sought to explore how veterinary care for the ageing horse is conceptualised and approached by veterinarians treating horses in Great Britain.Study designExploratory qualitative.MethodsA subset of qualitative data, collected as part of a larger study investigating how owners and veterinarians make decisions regarding the care of the older horses, was analysed using a constructivist grounded theory approach. Data included semi‐structured in‐depth interviews with nine veterinarians and veterinary clinical records pertaining to the horses of 13 participating owners.ResultsVeterinarians valued regular interactions with owners to optimise a horse's management, however, the timing and nature of veterinary involvement varied. The context of older age shaped decision‐making and ‘age‐appropriate’ interventions were negotiated within the context of each horse and owner. Where participants had concerns about a horse, they sought to achieve an owner's adherence to their advice while navigating the veterinarian–owner relationship. Interpersonal dimensions of veterinarian–owner interactions appeared to shape, and could challenge, veterinarians' delivery of health care services and their own sense of being a professional who cares for animals, and about people.Main limitationsA sample of veterinarians were recruited for this study based on horse owners' involvement.ConclusionsThe provision of veterinary care for the older horse rests upon networks of relationships. Collaboration between the profession and owners in both the design and delivery of, veterinary health care services may better enable different types of knowledge and values to be brought together more effectively.
Assessing the factors affecting the accessibility of primary dental care for people with haemophilia
Authors: Sipos Kitti , Márton Ildikó , Móré Marianna , Nagy Attila Csaba , Kiss Csongor 
Published: November 2024

AbstractIntroductionPatients with haemophilia (PWH) often have difficulty accessing dental services.AimTo determine the accessibility of dental care for PWH and to examine their perceptions of how coronavirus type‐2 (CoV‐2) disease (COVID‐19) has affected their ability to access dental treatments following the pandemic.MethodsThe questionnaire survey was conducted between July 2022 and December 2022 at haemophilia treatment centres in Hungary. Variables with statistical significance (Pearson's Chi‐squared test; p < .05) were included in logistic regression analyses. Least absolute shrinkage and selection operator (LASSO) regression was used as a machine learning technique to identify the most predictive variables.ResultsTwenty‐one percent of the sixty‐eight participants reported that they had been refused dental treatment, mainly in primary care (86%). Dental refusal was influenced by infectious disease (OR: 4.48, CI: 1.14–17.69) and previous dental bleeding complications (OR: 4.23, CI: 1.10–16.27). There was correlation between dental visits and having a permanent dentist or receiving oral hygiene advice (OR: 9.95, CI: 2.86–34.62 and OR: 3.84, CI: 1.09–13.58). Participation in an oral hygiene consultation increased patients’ satisfaction with their dental care (OR: 6.28, 95% CI: .71–55.88). Twenty‐eight percent of patients had experienced difficulties since the start of the COVID‐19, but 84% had visited their dentist at least once between 2021 and 2022 (p = .002). Nevertheless, 16% of respondents went for only the most necessary treatments due to pandemic.ConclusionRefusal of dental care was high among participants, especially in primary care. The COVID‐19 pandemic has exaggerated the difficulties of PWH in accessing dental treatment.Highlights
Patients with haemophilia (PWH) have difficulty accessing dental care, and the coronavirus type 2 (CoV‐2) disease pandemic (COVID‐19) has created a new barrier.
The study revealed a high prevalence of dental care refusal (21%), particularly in primary care (86%).
This 2022 survey found that 28% of patients experienced difficulties since the pandemic started and 16% only sought necessary treatments.
Evaluating the Impact of Contextual Offers in a Highly Selective Institution: Results From a Mixed‐Methods Contribution Analysis
Authors: Schulte Jonathan T. , Benson‐Egglenton Jessica 
Published: November 2024

ABSTRACTEnglish university admissions increasingly make use of contextual offers, where applicants with certain socio‐demographic characteristics can be offered marginally lower entry conditions. This paper presents novel insights on the impact of contextual offer policy on one institutions' patterns of enrolment in 2022/23 via a mixed methods contribution analysis. We present evidence that the policy contributed to widening access for targeted students despite the institutions' small and highly selective intake. This effect appears to be driven by increasing applicants' likelihood of accepting an offer and allowing a small number of students to enrol despite narrowly missing standard offer criteria. While contextual offer policies thus appear to be an effective tool for improving targeted students' enrolment at an institution, further research is needed to understand the impact of contextual offers on student outcomes and experiences.
Information literacy instruction by librarians is integrated into the doctor of pharmacy curriculum in the USA but requires evidence of impact
Authors: Lapidus Mariana , Bond Irena 
Published: November 2024

AbstractBackgroundMedical librarians play an essential role in providing information literacy instruction for pharmacy students in order to educate them on health information searching, retrieval, and evaluation. Nevertheless, there have been no peer‐reviewed publications providing comprehensive data on librarians' involvement in pharmacy education across the United States.ObjectivesThe goal of this study was to investigate the instructional delivery methods, technology used, and topics taught by librarians across the Doctor of Pharmacy curriculum in the United States.MethodsA 17‐question electronic survey was designed using Qualtrics and distributed via professional library discussion lists in 2023.ResultsThirty‐eight librarians indicated their involvement in teaching information literacy to pharmacy students during orientation sessions, elective and credit‐bearing courses using in‐class, online synchronous, and hybrid instructional delivery formats. Topics included medical and drug databases, citation management tools, evidence‐based medicine, and free drug information resources.DiscussionThis is the first study that provides a broad insight into the teaching roles and instructional trends of medical librarians in pharmacy education.ConclusionsThough the results of this survey demonstrate a high level of integration of library instruction into the pharmacy curriculum, more research needs to be done to collect data on medical librarians' contribution to educating student pharmacists.
Copying in medical documentation: developing an evidence‐based approach
Authors: Tsimiklis James , Howson Sarah , Kovoor Joshua , Tan Sheryn , Stretton Brandon , Gupta Aashray , Evans Shaun , Booth Andrew , Satheakeerthy Shrirajh , Lim Lauren , Stranks Jessica , Gluck Samuel , Maddison John , Gilbert Toby , Bacchi Stephen 
Published: November 2024

AbstractBackgroundElectronic medical records (EMRs) provide multiple efficiencies in communication to clinicians. The ability to copy and paste text in an EMR can be useful; however, it also conveys a risk of inaccurate documentation. Studies in international settings have described such overuse of copying to result in ‘note bloat’, with the dilution of relevant clinical information and potential clinical detriment.AimTo determine the frequency of erroneous copying, characterise the component of notes in which this occurs and determine the performance of similarity metrics in the prediction of notes likely to have erroneous copying.MethodsA cross‐sectional evaluation of all ward round notes over a 48‐h period for all long‐stay (>48 h) medical services, except the Acute Medical Unit, at the Lyell McEwin Hospital, a 257‐bed tertiary hospital in South Australia. Four similarity metrics were evaluated: longest‐sequential series of unchanged characters, similarity score (Difflib SequenceMatcher), Levenshtein distance and the Jaccard index.ResultsOne hundred twenty‐eight patients were included. The number of patients who had a ward round note on two consecutive days was 97 out of 128 (75.8%). Erroneous copying was found in 8.3% of ward round notes. All (eight out of eight, 100%) of these instances of erroneous copying were in the ‘issues list’. A threshold of >850 unchanged sequential characters, when compared with the ward round note the preceding day, demonstrated reasonable performance in the prediction of erroneous copying.ConclusionsErroneous copying may occur in up to 8.3% of ward round notes in a variety of medical services. Automated strategies to help address this issue should be explored.
Above room temperature multiferroic and magnetoelectric properties of (1‐Φ) PZTFT‐Φ CZFMO particulate composites
Authors: Bhoi Krishnamayee , Pradhan Dhiren K , Mohanty Hari Sankar , Liyanage W. L. N. C. , Barik Alok , Rahaman M. M. , Babu S. Narendra , Gilbert Dustin A. , Rack Philip D. , Pradhan Dillip K. 
Published: November 2024

AbstractMagnetoelectric (ME) composites of suitable ferroelectric and magnetic materials can display elevated magnetic and ferroelectric operational temperatures, along with substantial ME coupling, compared to conventional single‐phase multiferroics. Herein, we describe the synthesis of (1‐Φ) PZTFT‐Φ CZFMO, Φ = 0.1, 0.2, 0.3 (PZTFT: [0.6(PbZr0.53Ti0.47O3)–0.4(PbFe0.5Ta0.5)O3] CZFMO: Co0.6Zn0.4Fe1.7Mn0.3O4)] particulate (0–3) composites and report on the magnetic as well as ferroelectric phase transitions and magnetoelectric coupling. The phase formation and the induced strain in these composites are investigated via Raman spectroscopy. A large bifurcation of the zero‐field cooled‐field cooled magnetization curves confirms the highly anisotropic behavior of the composites. These curves also identify spin glass behavior in the CZFMO phase at ≈230 K. The magnetic phase transition of the composite (Φ = 0.2) is reported to be ≈532 (± 10) K. The temperature dependent dielectric data displays the ferroelectric phase transitions from the PZTFT phase and the broad relaxation peak from the CZFMO phase. The quadratic relationship between the magneto‐capacitance and the magnetization confirms the existence of biquadratic magnetoelectric coupling in the systems. The collective results are consistent with the presence of a direct magneto‐electric effect in the composites, i.e., by the application of magnetic field, the magnetic phase is strained, and this induced strain is responsible for changes of ferroelectric order parameter in the piezoelectric phase. This attribute makes the current composite structure a promising candidate for multiferroic data storage and processing technologies.
Green synthesized Fe‐doped ZnO NPs using aloe vera gel: Antimicrobial, structural, optical and magnetic properties
Authors: Chauhan Shreya , Thakur Prashant , Kishore Kamal , Lal Madan , Sharma Pankaj 
Published: November 2024

AbstractPristine (pure) ZnO and Zn1−xFexO (with Fe = 0.05, 0.10, and 0.15) nanoparticles (NPs) were successfully prepared by green synthesis using aloe vera gel. The x‐ray diffraction (XRD), Field emission scanning electron microscope, ultraviolet‐visible, photoluminescence (PL), and vibrating sample magnetometer (VSM) were employed to investigate the structural, optical, and magnetic properties of Zn1−xFexO NPs. Rietveld refined XRD data revealed that Zn1−xFexO NPs have hexagonal wurtzite structures with space group P63mc. Fe‐doping resulted in a decrease in the average grain size. The value of the Eg decreased from 2.49 to 2.17 eV with an increase in Fe3+ content. A blue shift in band edge emission shift toward lower wavelength (x = 0.00 to 0.05) and red‐shift for (x > 0.05) PL spectra. A ferromagnetic behavior with enhancement in saturation magnetization was observed with Fe3+ doping. By breaking down the bacterial cell wall and altering the genetic makeup of the cells, Zn1−xFexO NPs effectively eradicate Klebsiella pneumonia and Staphylococcus aureus in antimicrobial assessment.
Defining key deprescribing measures from electronic health data: A multisite data harmonization project
Authors: Dublin Sascha , Albertson‐Junkans Ladia , Pham Nguyen Thanh Phuong , Pavon Juliessa M. , Hastings S. Nicole , Maciejewski Matthew L. , Willis Allison , Zepel Lindsay , Hennessy Sean , Albers Kathleen B. , Mowery Danielle , Clark Amy G. , Thomas Sunil , Steinman Michael A. , Boyd Cynthia M. , Bayliss Elizabeth A. 
Published: November 2024

AbstractBackgroundStopping or reducing risky or unneeded medications (“deprescribing”) could improve older adults' health. Electronic health data can support observational and intervention studies of deprescribing, but there are no standardized measures for key variables, and healthcare systems have differing data types and availability. We developed definitions for chronic medication use and discontinuation based on electronic health data and applied them in a case study of benzodiazepines and Z‐drugs in five diverse US healthcare systems.MethodsWe conducted a retrospective cohort study of adults age 65+ from 2017 to 2019 with chronic benzodiazepine or Z‐drug use. We determined whether sites had access to medication orders and/or dispensings. We developed definitions for chronic use and discontinuation using both data types. Discontinuation definitions were based on (1) gaps in medication availability during follow‐up or (2) not having medication available at a fixed time point. We examined the impact of varying the gap length and requiring a 30‐day period without orders/dispensings (“halo”) around the fixed time point. We compared results derived from orders versus dispensings at one site.ResultsApproximately 1.6%–2.6% of older adults had chronic benzodiazepine/Z‐drug use (total N = 6775, ranging from 431 to 2122 across sites). Depending on the definition and site, the proportion discontinuing use during 12 months ranged from 6% to 49%. Requiring a longer gap or a 30‐day “halo” resulted in lower estimates. At one site, only 56% of those with chronic use defined from orders also qualified based on dispensings, and the discontinuation rate at 180 days was 20% from orders versus 32% from dispensings.ConclusionsRequiring a gap of ≥90 days or a “halo” around a time point may more accurately capture discontinuation than using a shorter gap or no halo. Orders data underestimate discontinuation compared to dispensings. Work is needed to adapt these definitions for other drug classes and settings.
Validation of a model for continued employment for general workers with mental illness: A covariance analysis based on evidence from Japan
Authors: Fukuura Yoshitomo , Shigematsu Yukako , Mizuochi Yumi 
Published: November 2024

AbstractAimTo clarify the relationship and structure of the factors that influence the outcomes of continuous employment for people with mental illness and examine the necessary support for this.MethodsThe hypothesis was developed based on previous concept analysis results. To test it, a questionnaire was used comprising 21 items on the ability to continue working, 24 items on basic competencies for independent living, 21 items on workplace environment, and 27 items on outcomes of continuous employment. The study randomly selected 200 organizations in Japan serving as consultation centers for people with mental illness to recruit participants aged 20–59 years old registered at these entities as of April 1, 2022. Goodness of fit was evaluated between the models and the data.ResultsResponses were received from 296 individuals. The direct effect on the outcome of continuous employment from the basic competencies for independent living was 0.48 and that from the ability to continue working was 0.29, indicating that basic competencies for independent living had a stronger influence on the outcome of continuous employment. Combining the ability to continue working and basic competencies for independent living showed a high path coefficient of 0.56 with workplace environment, indicating a strong influence on the workplace.ConclusionsPeople with mental illnesses, workplace staff, and professionals should work together to foster a supportive workplace environment. Professionals should also keep in mind the potential positive impact that people with mental illnesses can have on workplace dynamics.
The Relationship Between Preoperative Vitamin D Levels and Keloid Recurrence
Authors: Lee Da Woon , Kang Daihun , Ha Boram , Kim Da Hye , Chang Choong Hyun , Park Tae Hwan 
Published: November 2024

ABSTRACTBackgroundKeloids, characterized by excessive collagen deposition, often recur despite various treatments. This study explores the association between preoperative serum vitamin D levels and keloid recurrence in a Korean population.MethodsA retrospective cohort of 160 patients who underwent keloid excision was analyzed. Preoperative serum 25(OH) vitamin D and 1,25(OH)2 vitamin D levels were measured. Recurrence rates were compared using hierarchical logistic regression, adjusting for potential confounders.ResultsAge was significantly associated with keloid recurrence (OR: 0.934, p = 0.009), indicating older age was linked to lower recurrence risk. No significant association was found between preoperative 25(OH) vitamin D (p = 0.395) and 1,25(OH)2 vitamin D levels (p = 0.925) and keloid recurrence.ConclusionsPreoperative vitamin D levels do not predict keloid recurrence in this Korean cohort, while age is a significant predictor. Understanding the multifactorial nature of keloid pathogenesis requires further investigation into other potential risk factors.