bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Evaluation of matrix-induced autologous chondrocyte implantation in combination with high tibial osteotomy: A prospective study
Authors: Parker David A , Giuffre Bruno , Macpherson Gavin , Coolican Myles RJ , Neri Thomas 
Published: May 2019

Objectives: Matrix Induced Autologous Chondrocyte Implantation (MACI) has been reported to be an effective treatment for symptomatic cartilage defects with many studies finding improvements in pain and function. MACI in combination with HTO in the surgical management of varus malalignment with knee medial compartment cartilage loss improves clinical and MRI results beyond HTO alone. Methods: Twenty nine patients (n=31 knees) fulfilling HTO surgery inclusion criteria were prospectively enrolled and analysed in two groups: MACI+HTO (n=14); HTO-only (n=17). After a 12-months follow-up period, clinical scores (IKDC, KOOS and WOMAC) and Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) assessment were analysed. MRI was firstly performed to evaluate the semi-quantitative Magnetic Resonance Observation of Cartilage Repair Tissue (MOCART) score. Delayed Gadolinium Enhanced MRI of cartilage (dGEMRIC) protocol measuring T1Gd relaxation times was then use to assess the regenerated cartilage quality. Results: While significant improvement in clinical scores was found in both groups, the MACI+HTO group only demonstrated greater improvement in the symptoms sub-scale of KOOS (p<0.05) compared to the HTO-only group (p=0.016). The mean MOCART scores of the MACI+HTO patients was 34.6±14.8 [15-70] and a complete cartilage defect filling was confirmed in only 14.3% (n=2). Analysis of dGEMRIC images revealed no significant differences and a high between-subject variability in change of dGEMRIC indices across the follow-up period between groups. Conclusion: All knees, regardless of treatment, had significant clinical improvements at one-year post surgery. MACI may have additional clinical benefit in self-reported symptoms in the short term. Clinical improvements in patient scores are not explained by MRI findings that showed a poor structure of the repaired tissue in the majority of cases, and are most likely related solely to the HTO. Combined MACI+HTO had additional questionable clinical benefit in self-reported symptoms for patients with varus malalignment and knee medial compartment OA. For orthopaedic surgeons who may be contemplating this procedure, the additional cost and morbidities associated with the MACI graft is not justified.
Dynamic anterior shoulder stabilization using the long head of the biceps tendon: a biomechanical study: DAS: a biomechanical study
Authors: Mehl J. , Imhoff F. , Obopilwe E. , Dyrna F. , Lädermann A. , Collin P. , Arciero R.A. , Beitzel K. , Mazzocca A. 
Published: May 2019

Objectives A new concept of dynamic anterior shoulder stabilization (DAS) combining Bankart repair with the additional sling effect of the long head of the biceps (LHB) tendon to treat anterior glenohumeral instability has recently been introduced. The purpose of this study was to biomechanically investigate the stabilizing effect of the DAS technique in comparison to standard Bankart repair in different defect models. Methods Twenty-four fresh frozen cadaver shoulders (average ± SD: age 60.1 ± 8.6 years) were mounted in a shoulder-testing system allowing 6 degrees of freedom. According to cross sectional area ratios the rotator cuff muscles and the LHB tendon were loaded with 40 N and 10 N, respectively. Glenohumeral translation was tested in 60° abduction and 60° external rotation (ABER position) while forces of 20 N, 30 N and 40 N were applied. The translation was measured using a 3D-digitizer and the total translation and the relative translation in relation to the native starting position were determined. Maximal external and internal rotation after application of 1.5 Nm torque to the humerus were measured. All specimens went through for 4 different conditions (Intact, defect, isolated Bankart repair, DAS) and were randomized to 3 different defect groups (Isolated Bankart lesion; 10% anterior glenoid defect; 20% anterior glenoid defect). Results Both surgical techniques resulted in decreased anterior glenohumeral translation in comparison to the defect conditions in all defect groups. In comparison with isolated Bankart repair DAS showed significant less relative anterior translation in 10% glenoid defects (30 N: 2.6 ± 3.4 mm vs. 5.3 ± 4.2 mm; p=0.044) and in 20% glenoid defects (40 N: 2.1 ± 6.6 mm vs. 6.0 ± 5.7 mm; p=0.035). However, in 20% defects DAS led to a relevant posterior and inferior shift of the humeral head in ABER position and to a relevant increase of inferior glenohumeral translation. Both surgical techniques did not limit the rotational range of motion. Conclusion In the context of minor glenoid bone defects the DAS technique demonstrates superior results in comparison to isolated Bankart repair.
Efficacy of platelet-rich plasma for the treatment of interstitial supraspinatus lesions: A randomized, double-blinded, controlled trial: PRP for Interstitial Supraspinatus Lesions
Authors: Schwitzguebel Adrien J , Kolo Frank C. , Tirefort Jérome , Kourhani Abed , Nowak Alexandra , Gremeaux Vincent , Saffarini Mo , Lädermann Alexandre 
Published: May 2019

Objectives To determine whether platelet rich plasma (PRP) infiltrations are superior to saline solution infiltrations (placebo), when injected under ultrasound guidance within isolated interstitial supraspinatus tears, at improving healing, pain and function. Methods In this single-centre, double-blinded, randomized control trial, 84 adults, diagnosed with symptomatic isolated interstitial tears of the supraspinatus, confirmed by their magnetic resonance arthrography (MRA) were randomized to PRP or saline injections. Each patient received 2 injections at 1 month interval. The primary outcome was the change in lesion volume calculated on MRA, at 7months. The secondary outcomes were improvements in shoulder pain and clinical scores at >12months. Results Pre-operative patient characteristics did not differ between the two groups. At 7 months, there were no significant differences between the PRP and control groups in terms of decrease in lesion size (-0.3±23.6mm3 vs -8.1±84.7mm3; p=0.18), reduction of pain on Visual Analogic Scale (2.3±3.0 vs 2±3.0; p=0.59), improvement of Single Assessment Numerical Evaluation (16.7±20 vs 14.2±29.0; p=0.65), Constant score (8.6±13.0 vs 10.6±19.0; p=0.60), or American Shoulder and Elbow Surgeons (19.5±20.0 vs 21.9±28.0; p=0.67) scores. Adverse effects (frozen shoulders and extension of lesion to bursal or articular surface) were significantly more frequent in the PRP group compared to the control group (54% vs 26%, p=0.02). Conclusion PRP injections within interstitial supraspinatus tears did not improve tendon healing nor clinical scores compared to saline injections, and were associated with more adverse events. These findings confirm that PRP is of little benefit in the treatment of rotator cuff tears.
Electronic Health Records as Valuable Data Sources in the Health Care Quality Improvement Process
Authors: Wikström Katja , Toivakka Maija , Rautiainen Päivi , Tirkkonen Hilkka , Repo Teppo , Laatikainen Tiina 
Published: May 2019

Background: In North Karelia, Finland, the regional electronic health records (EHRs) enable flexible data retrieval and area-level analyses. The aim of this study was to assess the early detection of type 2 diabetes (T2D) in the region and to evaluate the performed activities in order to improve the processes between the years 2012 and 2017. Methods: Patients with T2D were identified from the EHRs using the ICD-10 codes registered during any visit to either primary or specialized care. The prevalence of T2D was calculated for the years 2012, 2015, and 2017 on the municipality level. The number of people found in the EHRs with diabetes was compared with the number found in the national register of medication reimbursement rights. Results: In 2012, the age-adjusted prevalence of T2D in North Karelia varied considerably between municipalities (5.5%-8.6%). These differences indicate variation in the processes of early diagnosis. The findings were discussed in the regional network of health professionals treating patients with T2D, resulting in sharing experiences and best practices. In 2017, the differences had notably diminished, and in most municipalities, the prevalence exceeded 8%. The regional differences in the prevalence and their downward trend were observed both in the EHRs and in the medication reimbursement rights register. Conclusion: Clear differences in the prevalence of T2D were detected between municipalities. After visualizing these differences and providing information for the professionals, the early detection of T2D improved and the regional differences decreased. The EHRs are a valuable data source for knowledge-based management and quality improvement.
Factors Associated with Dental Root Caries: A Systematic Review
Authors: Zhang J. , Sardana D. , Wong M.C.M. , Leung K.C.M. , Lo E.C.M. 
Published: May 2019

Objectives: The objectives of this review were to identify the factors associated with root caries and to describe their relationship with the presence and extent of root caries. Methods: A search was carried out on the PubMed, Medline, Embase, and Scopus databases for articles published between January 1990 and October 2018. Information was extracted on the factors associated with the presence or extent of decayed or filled root surfaces and/or decayed root surfaces. Factors were sorted into 6 categories: social-demographic background, general health, health behaviors, fluoride exposure, oral health habits, and oral health condition. Results: The quality of the 127 identified relevant papers was assessed, and those of low methodological quality were excluded. Finally, 44 articles reporting on 40 cross-sectional studies were included. The total sample size comprised 78,183 participants from different countries around the world. Positive correlations were detected between root caries and age, gingival recession, and use of tobacco, while negative correlations were found for social position, use of fluoride toothpaste, and oral hygiene status. Mixed findings were reported for association with the number of teeth and dental visit behaviors. Conclusion: This systematic review found a number of factors in different categories to be associated with root caries. People who are older, of lower socioeconomic status, or tobacco users and those with more gingival recession and poorer oral hygiene have higher risk of root caries. Knowledge Transfer Statement: This systematic review found a number of factors associated with root caries, including age, social position, exposure to fluoride, and oral hygiene status. This information helps dental public health workers and clinicians identify the groups at high risk of caries and the factors to act on for more effective prevention and management of root caries (e.g., use fluoride toothpaste and improve oral hygiene).
A pilot study examining Toronto-area family physician perspectives on thyroid neoplasm evaluation
Authors: Kundra Arjun , Goldstein David P. , Wintemute Kimberly , Ghai Sangeet , Tsang Richard W. , Gupta Karuna , Mutasingwa Donatus R. , Weissberger Jeff , Huszti Ella , Brown Patrick , Jiang Huan , Sawka Anna M. 
Published: May 2019

Objective The incidence of thyroid cancer (TC) is known to be very high in the Greater Toronto Area of Ontario, Canada. We performed a pilot survey study examining Toronto-area family physician (FP) perspectives on thyroid neoplasm evaluation (i.e. thyroid nodules [TNs] or thyroid cancer [TC]) in this region, to explore for potential factors leading to overdiagnosis. Methods We performed a cross-sectional mail-out written survey of a random sample of 300 FPs in active practice in the Greater Toronto Area (Markham and Brampton). Results The overall response rate was 22.3, 95% confidence interval (CI) 18.0, 27.4% (67/300); the effective response rate was 19.9, 95% CI 15.7, 24.9% (58/291), after excluding 6 FPs that reported TN evaluation was outside their scope of practice and three FPs with an invalid mailing address. There were no missing responses to questions. The demographic characteristics were as follows: 58.6% (34/58) from Markham, 55.2% (32/58) were female, 58.6% (34/58) were in practice > 10 years, and 32.8% (19/58) affiliated with a University. All FPs reported easy access to thyroid ultrasound (TUS). About half of FPs were concerned about overdiagnosis of TC and most did not believe that there was any TC survival advantage with routine screening TUS. Although appropriate indications for TUS were endorsed by most respondents (e.g. palpable TN, incidental TN on other imaging), inappropriate recommendations were observed in a third of FPs (19/57) who recommended TUS for abnormal thyroid blood tests about half of FPs (30/56) who endorsed biopsy of sub-centimeter nodules. About half of FPs (31/58) reported that their patients sometimes request medically unnecessary TUS. Conclusion There are likely multiple complex factors leading to potential overdiagnosis of TC in primary care, including some physicians’ knowledge gaps about appropriate indications for TN investigations as well as patients’ requests and expectations.
The mental health professional at the feet of the Ebola virus: individual treatment and global mental challenges
Authors: Cénat Jude Mary , Balayulu-Makila Oléa , Derivois Daniel , Felix Nereah , Mukunzi Joana N. , Bukaka Jacqueline , Birangui Jean-Pierre , Rousseau Cécile 
Published: May 2019

SummaryMental health professionals form an important component of the response teams currently working in the Democratic Republic of the Congo to treat what is historically the second-largest Ebola outbreak. They provide psychological treatment to patients under extraordinary conditions, helping them cope with anxiety and the daily death of other patients.Declaration of interestNone.
Synthesis of Phosphaphenalenium Salts via P–C Reductive Elimination at a Ru(II) Center and Their Fluorescence Properties
Authors: Kato Takahiro , Kuwabara Takuya , Minami Yasunori , Hiyama Tamejiro , Ishii Youichi 
Published: May 2019

Abstract
Rare examples of P–C reductive elimination at a Ru(II) center to form phosphonium salts have been developed. A five-membered phospharuthenacycle derived from P(1-Naph)Ph2 and [(η6-C6Me6)RuCl2]2 is converted to η4-phosphaphenalenium complexes [(η6-C6Me6)Ru(η4-phosphaphenalenium)][BArF4] via alkyne insertion followed by P–C reductive elimination. This reaction sequence including P–C reductive elimination is applicable to various dialkyl and diarylalkynes, although the η4-phosphaphenalenium complexes with electron-rich aryl groups are not stable enough to be isolated. The reaction of the η4-phosphaphenalenium complexes with I2, CO or CuCl2 resulted in the liberation of the phosphaphenalenium salts. In contrast to the highly distorted phosphacycle in the Ru complex, the phosphaphenalenium cations have nearly planar π-conjugated structure, and their BArF4 salts display green to yellow and blue to green fluorescence in solution and in the solid state, respectively, depending on the substituents on the phenalene skeleton. Because of the cationic character of the phosphacycle as well as their large counteranion, π–π stacking of the phosphacycles in the crystalline state is effectively suppressed, leading to emission with shorter wavelength in the solid state than in solution. Electronic structures of phosphaphenalenium ions as well as effects of substituents were investigated by TD-DFT calculations.
Comparative study of in vitro antimicrobial potential and phytochemicals of some medical plants
Authors: Nwonuma Charles O. , Adelani-Akande Tabitha A. , Osemwegie Omorefosa O. , Olaniran Abiola F. , Adeyemo Toluwani A. 
Published: May 2019

Background: Plants in traditional healthcare services in West Africa were selected based on ethnobotanical data for this study. Aqueous and ethanol extracts from these plants’ parts were comparatively screened for phytochemicals and in vitro antimicrobial activity. Methods: The antimicrobial activity of five medicinal plants’ extracts (aqueous and ethanol) were evaluated against Proteus mirabilis (LHC201), Pseudomonas aeruginosa (LHC181) and Aspergillus fumigates (LUML56) using the agar-well diffusion protocol. Retailed chloramphenicol and griseofulvin were used as positive controls respectively. Phytochemicals and percentage yield were determined by modified standard methods. Results: The target bacteria showed varied degrees of susceptibility to both aqueous and ethanol extracts. A. fumigates was insensitive to the treatments. The ethanol extracts of the sampled plants’ parts showed better inhibitory performance against the target bacteria compared to aqueous extracts. Aqueous and ethanol extracts of Aframomum melegueta, Moringa oleifera and Cola nitida showed marginal difference in inhibitory activity with higher inhibition zones observed for the ethanol extracts of A. melegueta seed and M. oleifera pod against the target bacteria. Phytochemicals composition and density observed in extractants and plants’ parts also varied. Phenols were detected in both the aqueous and ethanolic extracts of C. nitida and C. acuminata, but appeared relatively richer in extracts of A. melegueta seeds and C. albidium fruits. C. nitida, C. acuminate and A. melegueta extracts were positive for flavonoids which were undetected in C. albidium fruits, M. oleifera seeds and pod extracts. No single extract had all the phytochemicals assayed. Conclusions: Screened extracts of medicinal plants’ parts used for this study showed promise antibacterial and resource for developing safer pharmaceutics. Optimization of the antibacterial potential of the extracts for commercial exploitation requires further studies. This study has provided information on the antibacterial property of C. albidum fruits which was hitherto underutilized for traditional medicine purpose.
3D nanofabrication using controlled-acceleration-voltage electron beam lithography with nanoimprinting technology
Authors: Unno Noriyuki , Taniguchi Jun 
Published: May 2019

Abstract
Nanostructures have unique characteristics, such as large specific surface areas, that provide a wide range of engineering applications, such as electronics, optics, biotics, and thermal and fluid dynamics. They can be used to downsize many engineering products; therefore, new nanofabrication techniques are strongly needed to meet this demand. A simple fabrication process with high throughput is necessary for low-cost nanostructures. In recent years, three-dimensional (3D) nanostructures have attracted much attention because they dramatically opened up new fields for applications. However, conventional techniques for fabricating 3D nanostructures contain many complex processes, such as multiple patterning lithography, metal deposition, lift-off, etching, and chemical-mechanical polishing. This paper focuses on controlled-acceleration-voltage electron beam lithography (CAV-EBL), which can fabricate 3D nanostructures in one shot. The applications of 3D nanostructures are introduced, and the conventional 3D patterning technique is compared with CAV-EBL and various 3D patterning techniques using CAV-EBL with nanoimprinting technology. Finally, the outlook for next-generation devices that can be fabricated by CAV-EBL is presented.
On the Relationship between Primal/Dual Cell Complexes of the Cell Method and Primal/Dual Vector Spaces: an Application to the Cantilever Elastic Beam with Elastic Inclusion
Authors: Ferretti Elena 
Published: May 2019

Abstract
The Cell Method (CM) is an algebraic numerical method based on the use of global variables: the configuration, source and energetic global variables. The configuration variables with their topological equations, on the one hand, and the source variables with their topological equations, on the other hand, define two vector spaces that are a bialgebra and its dual algebra. The operators of these topological equations are generated by the outer product of the geometric algebra, for the primal vector space, and by the dual product of the dual algebra, for the dual vector space. The topological equations in the primal cell complex are coboundary processes on even exterior discrete p−forms, whereas the topological equations in the dual cell complex are coboundary processes on odd exterior discrete p−forms. Being expressed by coboundary processes in two different vector spaces, compatibility and equilibrium can be enforced at the same time, with compatibility enforced on the primal cell complex and equilibrium enforced on the dual cell complex. By way of example, in the present paper compatibility and equilibrium are enforced on a cantilever elastic beam with elastic inclusion. In effect, the CM shows its maximum potentialities right in domains made of several materials, as, being an algebraic approach, can treat any kind of discontinuities of the domain easily.
Dynamic and Sound Radiation Characteristics of Rectangular Thin Plates with General Boundary Conditions
Authors: Du Yuan , Li Haichao , Gong Qingtao , Pang Fuzhen , Sun Liping 
Published: May 2019

Abstract
Based on the classical Kirchhoff hypothesis, the dynamic response and sound radiation of rectangular thin plates with general boundary conditions are studied. The transverse displacements of plate are represented by a double Fourier cosine series and three supplementary functions. The potential discontinuity associated with the original governing equation can be transferred to auxiliary series functions. All kinds of boundary conditions can be easily achieved by varying stiffness value of springs on each edge. The natural frequencies and vibration response of the plates are obtained by means of the Rayleigh–Ritz method. Sound radiation characteristics of the plate are derived using Rayleigh integral formula. Current method works well when handling dynamic response and sound radiation of plates with general boundary conditions. The accuracy and reliability of current method are confirmed by comparing with related literature and FEM. The non-dimensional frequency parameters of the rectangular plates with different boundary conditions and aspect ratios are presented in the paper, which may be useful for future researchers.Meanwhile, some interesting points are foundwhen analyzing acoustic radiation characteristics of plates.
AngularQA: Protein Model Quality Assessment with LSTM Networks
Authors: Conover Matthew , Staples Max , Si Dong , Sun Miao , Cao Renzhi 
Published: May 2019

Abstract
Quality Assessment (QA) plays an important role in protein structure prediction. Traditional multimodel QA method usually suffer from searching databases or comparing with other models for making predictions, which usually fail when the poor quality models dominate the model pool. We propose a novel protein single-model QA method which is built on a new representation that converts raw atom information into a series of carbon-alpha (Cα) atoms with side-chain information, defined by their dihedral angles and bond lengths to the prior residue. An LSTM network is used to predict the quality by treating each amino acid as a time-step and consider the final value returned by the LSTM cells. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first time anyone has attempted to use an LSTM model on the QA problem; furthermore, we use a new representation which has not been studied for QA. In addition to angles, we make use of sequence properties like secondary structure parsed from protein structure at each time-step without using any database, which is different than all existed QA methods. Our model achieves an overall correlation of 0.651 on the CASP12 testing dataset. Our experiment points out new directions for QA problem and our method could be widely used for protein structure prediction problem. The software is freely available at GitHub: https://github.com/caorenzhi/AngularQA