bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Environmental Rating Scale for Orientation and Mobility
Authors: Blasch Bruce B. , La Grow Steven , Penrod William 
Published: May 2018

Abstract

This paper presents the concept of an environmental rating scale for Orientation and Mobility for blind and vision impaired persons. Such scales currently exist for describing the level of difficulty associated with ski slopes, white water rapids, mountain climbing, and golf courses, to name but a few. These scales serve as the basis for proposing a system which could lead to the standardisation of ratings of difficulty and complexity for this purpose as well. If successfully developed, such a system could serve to inform choice concerning both routes used for travel and environments selected for instruction. In addition, the student’s present level of performance, environments of travel and routes travelled may be more easily and effectively conveyed to others.
The Benefits of Using Echolocation to Safely Navigate Through the Environment
Authors: Brazier Jodi 
Published: May 2018

Abstract

This study investigated participant use of echolocation skills. Specifically participants were asked to describe what methods they used to generate sound, and what echolocation assisted them to do in terms of their orientation and mobility (O&M). Contrary to previous research findings, it was found that most participants preferred to use cane tapping to generate sound. Possible reasons for this finding are discussed. Participants reported that echolocation assisted them to self-orientate and detect, locate and differentiate between objects in the environment.
Shuffling the Deckchairs: Multi-agency Working and the Continuing Lack of Identification of People with Vision Impairments
Authors: Ravenscroft John 
Published: May 2018

Abstract

Many orientation and mobility (O&M) professionals working to meet the needs of children and adults with vision impairment may do so as a part of multi-agency rehabilitation teams. However, from a study of current literature in the fields of vision impairment, multiple-disability and intellectual disability, it is apparent that multiagency participation does not invariably identify with accuracy, all those requiring a service. This article discusses how those professionals working in multi-agency frameworks support those in need when their service delivery agenda is based merely on a subset of the total population that should have their needs addressed.
A Balance Act: Physiotherapy as a Prerequisite to Orientation and Mobility Services
Authors: Chambers Louise , Dannaway Jasan 
Published: May 2018

Abstract

The School of Physiotherapy, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Sydney, Australia initiated a community practicum for fourth year physiotherapy students. The goal was to broaden student’s perspectives about how allied health areas such as Orientation & Mobility (O&M) services are movement based similar to that of physiotherapy services. The authors participated in a five-week practicum at an organisation that provides O&M services to clients with vision impairment. It was observed that some of the O&M programs would have benefited from physiotherapy input that would have assured the long term success of O&M programs.
Regulação/avaliação da Educação Superior a Distância: multiplicidade de atores institucionais, labirinto de atos oficiais e avaliação regulatória
Authors: Segenreich Stella Cecilia Duarte 
Published: May 2018

Resumo: Com base na definição de Cabrito sobre regulação, este relato de estudo objetiva relacionar a atuação de quatro atores institucionais do MEC, desde sua origem, com as políticas públicas relacionadas à regulação/avaliação da educação a distância, com destaque para sua atuação nos atos oficiais do último biênio. Trata-se de uma pesquisa exploratória, fruto da consulta a documentos legais e institucionais assim como artigos de periódicos. Os resultados demonstraram a pluralidade de atores institucionais atuando junto à EaD, a construção de um labirinto de atos oficiais e instrumentos de avaliação regulatória que mudam de acordo com as orientações governamentais vigentes, sugerindo a continuidade da pesquisa na realidade das universidades públicas e privadas.Palavras-chave: Educação Superior, Educação a Distância, Regulação/avaliação, Atores institucionais. Abstract: Based on Cabrito's definition of regulation, this study aims to relate the performance of four institutional actors of MEC, since its origins with the public policies related to the regulation/evaluation of distance education, especially its performance in official acts of the last biennium. This is an exploratory research that shows the results of the consultation of legal and institutional documents, as well as articles from periodicals. The results demonstrate the plurality of institutional actors related to distance education - EaD, and the construction of a labyrinth of official acts and instruments of regulatory evaluation that change according to the current governmental guidelines, suggesting the continuity of research in the reality of public and private universities.Keywords: higher education, distance education, regulation/evaluation, institutional actors Resumen: Con base en la definición de Cabrito sobre regulación, este informe de estudio objetiva relacionar la actuación de cuatro actores institucionales del MEC, desde su origen, con las políticas públicas relacionadas a la regulación / evaluación de la educación a distancia, con destaque para su actuación en los actos oficiales del último bienio. Se trata de una investigación exploratoria, fruto de la consulta a documentos legales e institucionales así como artículos de periódicos. Los resultados demostraron la pluralidad de actores institucionales actuando en la EaD, la construcción de un laberinto de actos oficiales e instrumentos de evaluación regulatoria que cambian de acuerdo con las orientaciones gubernamentales vigentes, sugiriendo la continuidad de la investigación en la realidad de las universidades públicas y privadas.Palabras clave: Educación superior, educación a distancia, regulación/evaluación, actores institucionales.
O campo da educação no Brasil: mudanças em atributos para legitimação dos pesquisadores
Authors: Caregnato Célia Elizabete , Miorando Bernardo Sfredo , Leite Denise 
Published: May 2018

Resumo: O artigo discute como os pesquisadores constroem a legitimidade científica no campo da educação no Brasil. Estratégias e disputas compõem a dinâmica e permitem analisar a obtenção de capital científico puro e político. A metodologia incluiu a análise de currículos e evidencia que, frente à busca por produtividade e legitimidade, entre 2005 e 2014, houve mudança na composição do capital acadêmico-científico dos atores, provavelmente induzida pelas políticas públicas de avaliação.Palavras-chave: universidade; campo acadêmico-científico; pesquisa em educação; avaliação. Abstract: This article discusses how researchers build their scientific legitimacy in the field of education in Brazil. Strategies and disputes mark the dynamics and offer elements to analyze the acquisition of political and pure scientific capital. The methodology included analysis of researchers' curricula and shows that, vis-à-vis the quest for productivity and legitimacy, in the time elapsed between 2005 and 2014, there was a change in the composition of the players’ academic-scientific capital, probably induced by the evaluation public policies in the last decades.Keywords: university; academic-scientific field; educational research; evaluation. Resumen: El artículo discute cómo los investigadores construyen la legitimidad científica en el campo de la educación en Brasil. Estrategias y disputas componen la dinámica y permiten analizar la obtención de capital científico puro y político. La metodología incluyó el análisis de currículos y muestra que, ante la búsqueda por productividad y legitimidad, entre 2005 y 2014, hubo cambio en la composición del capital académico-científico de los actores, probablemente inducido por las políticas públicas de evaluación.Palabras-clave: universidad; campo académico-científico; investigación en educación; evaluación.
Gestão da Educação a Distância na universidade pública como campo de disputa: da instituição social à academia líquida
Authors: Mill Daniel , Ferreira Marcello , Ferreira Deise Mazzarella Gourlart 
Published: May 2018

Resumo: O texto é uma reflexão teórico-crítica sobre as mais convencionais tipologias de Gestão da Educação a Distância nas instituições públicas de ensino superior brasileiras, fomentando alternativas pela universidade como instituição social. Numa abordagem eminentemente teórica, buscou-se confrontar a visão de universidade pública como instituição social àquela de organização social, tal qual preconiza o Estado neoliberal. Na análise, é apresentada a migração da tipologia, da lógica de universidade como instituição social para a da academia líquida, a partir das tipologias de gestão que se tem adotado.Palavras-chave: Educação a Distância. Gestão. Políticas Públicas. Universidade Pública. Abstract: The text is a critical reflection on the most conventional typologies of Distance Learning Management in Brazilian public higher education institutions, discussing alternatives for the university as a social institution. In this theoretical discussion, the attempt was made to collide the ideas of the public university as a social institution and social organization, as advocated by the neoliberal State. In the analysis, it is presented the migration of the typology, from the logic of university as a social institution to that of the fluid academy, from the typologies of management that have been adopted.Keywords: distance learning; management; public policies; public university. Resumén: El texto es una reflexión teórico-crítica sobre las más convencionales tipologías de Gestión de la Educación a Distancia en las instituciones públicas de enseñanza superior brasileñas, fomentando alternativas por la universidad como institución social. En un enfoque eminentemente teórico, se buscó confrontar la visión de la universidad pública como institución social a la de organización social, tal cual preconiza el Estado neoliberal. En el análisis, se presenta la migración de la tipología, de la lógica de universidad como institución social a la de la academia líquida, a partir de las tipologías de gestión que se han adoptado.Palabras clave: Educación a distancia. Gestión. Políticas públicas. Universidad Pública.
Spectroscopic Fingerprinting of Aminoglycosides and Determination of Neomycin Sulphate Through Oxidative Ion-pair Complex Formation using Ammonium Molybdate
Authors: Vaikosen Edebi Nicholas , Ebeshi Benjamin Umar , Worlu Chimenem Ruth 
Published: May 2018

Background:Aminoglycosides are non-chromophoric antibiotics. The official method of assay in pharmacopoeias is microbiological. Bioassay methods are potency-semi-quantitative, laborious and time-consuming. In contrast, spectrophotometric methods are rapid, convenient, specific, sensitive and selective. The presence of NH2 and -OH functional groups in aminoglycosides makes them susceptible to redox reaction.Objective:A simple, cheap, quick, accurate and reliable spectrophotometric method for aminoglycoside analysis using neomycin as prototype via oxidation by ammonium molybdate reagent is proposed.Methods:Four aminoglycosides - amikacin, gentamicin, neomycin and streptomycin, were oxidized using ammonium molybdate (pH<2). These were scanned to obtain visible-spectrophotometric fingerprints. Two assay methods were developed. Method I involved the determination of the drug via the linear proportionality between neomycin and residual molybdate measured at 780nm and 850nm. Method II, an indirect determination using ion-pair reaction of excess molybdate and methyl orange measured at 430nm and 480nm.Results:All aminoglycosides formed blue complex, with distinct spectra peaks at 500nm, 640nm, 780nm and 850nm.The limit of detection and limit of quantification were from 0.33 to 2.32 μgmL-1 and 1.00 to 7.03 μgm L-1 respectively for both methods. Percentage recoveries ranged from 89.60 and 113.05 %, while precision and accuracy as RSD ranged from 0.23 to 3.55%. The regression coefficient (R2) ranged from 0.9968 to 0.9995. Percentage neomycin in dosage forms ranged from 95.67- 104.16% and 96.04 - 99.46% for methods I and II, respectively.Conclusion:The methods were successfully applied for neomycin sulphate determination in tablets and drops, therefore aminoglycosides could be assayed via the proposed methods.
Simultaneous Determination of Phenolic Acids, Anthraquinones, and Flavonoids in the Aerial Part and the Fruit of Xanthium Sibiricum by LC- ESI- QTRAP-MS/MS
Authors: Zhao Hui , Cai Hao , Liu Juan-Xiu , Wang Sheng-Nan , Liu Xun-Hong , Yan Ying , Zou Li-Si , Hua Yu-Jiao 
Published: May 2018

Background:
Xanthium sibiricum is a well-known traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) that
has been commonly used to treat rhinitis and related nasal diseases. The aim of this study was to develop
a comprehensive analytical method based on high-performance liquid chromatographyelectrospray
ionization coupled with triple quadrupole-linear ion trap mass spectrometry (LC-ESIQTRAP-
MS/MS) for the simultaneous determination of phenolic acids, anthraquinones, and flavonoids
in the aerial part and fruit of Xanthium sibiricum.

Methods:
The separation was completed on Agilent ZORBAX SB-C18 column (250 × 4.6 mm, 5μm)
using methanol and 0.2% (v/v) aqueous formic acid as the mobile phase. The target components were
analyzed in negative ion mode with accurate and sensitive multiple reaction monitoring (MRM) mode.

Results:
The correlation coefficients of all the calibration curves were higher than 0.9994. Relative
standard deviations of intra- and inter-day precisions of the eighteen components were all lower than
2.87% and the recoveries were in the range from 97.73% to 101.82%. The validated method was successfully
applied to possess forty Xanthium sibiricum samples (Xanthii Herba, Xanthii Fructus, and
processed Xanthii Fructus) collected from different places in P. R. China. Furthermore, principal component
analysis (PCA) was performed to evaluate and classify the samples according to the contents of
the eighteen bioactive components.

Conclusion:
All the results demonstrated that the developed method was useful and could be applied
for the overall assessment of the quality of Xanthii Herba and Xanthii Fructus.
Quality of Service aware Medical CT Image Transmission Anti-collision Mechanism Based on Big Data Autonomous Anti-collision Control
Authors: Jin Yong 
Published: May 2018

Background:
At present, due to the limitation of hardware, software and network
transmission performance, the medical diagnosis of medical CT image equipment is easy to be carried
out based on the wrong image. In addition, due to the complex structure of human organs and
unpredictable lesion location, it is difficult to judge the reliability of medical CT images, spatial
localization of the lesion, two-dimensional slice images and shape based on stereotypes. Therefore, how
to improve the efficiency of medical CT terminal and the image quality has become the key technology
to improve the satisfaction of medical diagnosis and treatment.

Objective:
To improve the work efficiency of medical CT terminal and medical image transmission
quality, with the medical CT terminal state and service quality.

Methods:
Firstly, from the view of throughput, packet loss rate, delay and so on, a QoS aware model for
medical CT image transmission has been established. Then, with throughput, packet length, path loss,
service area size, access point location, and the number of medical CT terminals, the performance
change regulation of the medical CT image transmission is completed and the optimal quality of service
guarantee parameters sequence is obtained. Next, the medical CT image big data autonomous collision
control scheme is proposed.

Results:
The experimental and mathematical results verify the real-time performance, reliability,
effectiveness and feasibility of the proposed medical CT image transmission anti-collision mechanism.

Conclusion:
The proposed scheme can satisfy the high-quality high demand for data transmission at the
same time, according to a variety of user experience demand and real-time adjustment of medical CT
terminal working state, which provides effective data quality assurance and optimization of the network
source distribution, and also enhances the quality of medical image data transmission service.
ANALISIS KEMAMPUAN CITRA RADIOGRAFI PANAROMIK DALAM MENDETEKSI KERAPATAN TRABEKULA TULANG DENGAN MIKRO CT SEBAGAI BAKU STANDARD - Image Analysis Capabality Of Detectinc Panoramic Radiographic Trabecular Bone Density As Standard With Standard Micro CT
Authors: Azhari Azhari , Suprijanto Suprijanto , Prafiadi Hanifan , Juliastuti Endang 
Published: May 2018

AbstrakPenelitian Radiografi panoramik menggunakan analisa mikro struktur untuk deteksi kualitas tulang menggunakan Panoramik dengan Micro CT sebagai baku standard. Tujuan dari penelitian ini untuk mengetahui akurasi Panoramik dalam mendeteksi trabekula tulang di regio kondilus, angulus mandibula dan regio molar dengan model tulang vertebrae dan tulang iga. Empat macam tulang vertebrae dan tulang iga sapi diletakkan pada lengkung rahang yang dibantu oleh model tengkorak terbuat dari plastik sebagai model lengkung tulang. Tulang diletakkan pada lengkung rahang bawah terbuat dari bahan plastik pada regio berbeda yaitu : regio kondilus (tulang 1), angulus mandibula (tulang 2) regio molar 2 dan molar 1( tulang 4). Model tulang masing-masing mempunyai kerapatan berbeda lalu dilakukan pemotretan radiografi panoramik dengan posisi standard dan micro CT sebagai “gold standard”. Dengan menggunakan Analisis fraction trabekula algorithma menggunakan software. Hasil penelitian didapatkan fraksi trabekular sebagai berikut: regio kondilus panoramik sebesar: 44.05%, Micro CT 39.63% , regio angulus panoramik 28.85% , micro CT 24.15% , dan regio molar 27.43%, micro CT 22.64 %, rata-rata perbedaan 4,6 %. Radiografi panoramik dapat digunakan untuk mendeteksi kelainan micro struktur di regio kondilus .Kata kunci : Micro CT, Panoramik,AbstractPanoramic radiographs using micro- structure analysis for the detection of bone quality using Panoramic with Micro CT as standard raw. The purpose of this study was to determine the accuracy in detecting trabecular bone Panoramic in the region of the condyle , the angle of the mandible and molar regions with models vertebrae and rib bones. Methods : Four kinds of bone vertebrae and ribs placed on the cow arch assisted by a plastic skull models as models of bone arch. Bone is placed in the lower arch is made of plastic materials in different regions are: region of the condyle ( bone 1 ), angle of the mandible ( bone 2 ) 2 molar and molar regions 1 ( bone 4 ). Model of each bone has different densities, then shooting panoramic radiography performed with standard position and micro CT as the " gold standard ". By using analysis of trabecular fraction algorithm using software. The study trabecular fractions obtained as follows : panoramic condyle region of : 44.05 %, 39.63 % Micro CT, region of the angle panoramic 28.85 %, 24.15 % micro CT, and molar region, 27.43 %, 22.64 % micro CT, difference average 4.6 %. Panoramic radiographs can be used to detect abnormalities in the region of the micro structure of the condyle.Keywords : Micro CT , Panoramic
ANALISIS WATER FOOTPRINT PRODUKSI SUSU SAPI (STUDI KASUS DI KELOMPOK PETERNAK DESA MARGAMUKTI) - Water Footprint Analysis of Milk Cow Production (Case Study at the Farmer Groups of Margamukti Village)
Authors: Khaerani Peni Faridah 
Published: May 2018

AbstrakKebutuhan akan susu semakin meningkat seiring dengan perkembangan jumlah penduduk, tingkat pendapatan, dan selera masyarakat. Dengan semakin meningkatnya kebutuhan akan susu, permintaan akan populasi sapi perah pun akan meningkat pula. Konsumsi produk hewani berkontribusi lebih dari seperempat water footprint manusia. Air yang dibutuhkan untuk menghasilkan pakan merupakan faktor utama di balik water footprint produk hewani Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui besaran water footprint dalam produksi susu sapi serta untuk merumuskan upaya-upaya yang bisa dilakukan untuk mengurangi besarnya water footprint produksi susu sapi. Penelitian ini menggunakan desain penelitian kuantitatif dominant kualitatif. Data dikumpulkan melalui observasi, pengukuran langsung dan wawancara semi-terstruktur pada setiap tahap budidaya. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa, nilai water footprint produksi susu sapi adalah 606,88 m3/ton, dengan nilai masing-masing komponennya adalah 233,0 m3/ton untuk green water, 178,1 m3/ton untuk blue water serta 195,78 m3/ton untuk grey water. Upaya-upaya yang dapat dilakukan untuk mengurangi water footprint produksi susu sapi : dengan meningkatkan produktivitas air pada tahap budidaya rumput gajah serta melakukan pengolahan limbah dan menerapkan metode livestock integrated farming pada tahap budidaya ternak sapi perah.Kata Kunci : Water footprint, produksi susu sapi, upaya-upaya untuk mengurangi water footprintAbstractThe need for milk is increasing in line with population growth, income levels, and public taste. With the increasing demand for milk, dairy cow population demand will increase as well. Consumption of animal products contribute more than a quarter of the human water footprint. Water needed to produce food is a major factor behind the water footprint of animal products This study aims to determine the amount of water footprint in cow milk production as well as to formulate measures that can be done to reduce the amount of water footprint of milk production of cows. This study uses a quantitative dominant qualitative research design. Data were collected through observation, direct measurement and semi-structured interviews at each stage of cultivation. The results showed that, the value of milk production water footprint is 606.88 m3/ton, with the value of each component is 233,0 m3/ton for green water, 178,1 m3/ton for blue water and 195.78 m3/ton for grey water. Efforts that can be done to reduce the water footprint of milk production : increasing the productivity of water at the stage of elephant grass cultivation and doing the waste water treatment and apply livestock integrated farming method in dairy cattle farming stage.Keywords: Water footprint, milk production, efforts to reduce the water footprint