bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Glycome analysis of extracellular vesicles derived from human induced pluripotent stem cells using lectin microarray
Authors: Saito Sayoko , Hiemori Keiko , Kiyoi Kayo , Tateno Hiroaki 
Published: February 2018

AbstractGlycans are one of the major building blocks of extracellular vesicles (EVs). However, their roles and applications have not been completely explored. Here, we analyzed the glycome of EVs derived from human induced pluripotent stem cells (hiPSCs) using high-density lectin microarray. The glycan profiles of hiPSC-derived EVs were different from those of non-hiPSC-derived EVs. Moreover, rBC2LCN that shows specific binding to hiPSCs, showed strong specificity for hiPSC-derived EVs but not non-hiPSCs-derived EVs. Further, other hiPSC-specific probes, such as anti-TRA-1-60, anti-SSEA4, and anti-R-10G, exhibited specific, but weaker binding to hiPSC-derived EVs than rBC2LCN. We then developed a sandwich assay using rBC2LCN and a phosphatidylserine receptor, Tim4, to specifically detect hiPSC-derived EVs. The Tim4–rBC2LCN sandwich assay allowed for specific detection of hiPSC-derived EVs but not non-hiPSC-derived EVs, indicating that rBC2LCN could also be used for the specific detection of hiPSC-derived EVs. Together, our findings demonstrate that the characteristic glycan signature of hiPSCs are retained by EVs derived from them. The EV glycome could be novel targets for the identification and characterization of stem cells for use in regenerative medicine.
Exercise Ameliorates Motor Deficits and Improves Dopaminergic Functions in the Rat Hemi-Parkinson’s Model
Authors: Chen Yuan-Hao , Kuo Tung-Tai , Kao Jen-Hsin , Huang Eagle Yi-Kung , Hsieh Tsung-Hsun , Chou Yu-Ching , Hoffer Barry J. 
Published: February 2018

AbstractTo determine the influences of exercise on motor deficits and dopaminergic transmission in a hemiparkinson animal model, we measured the effects of exercise on the ambulatory system by estimating spatio-temporal parameters during walking, striatal dopamine (DA) release and reuptake and synaptic plasticity in the corticostriatal pathway after unilateral 6-OHDA lesions. 6-OHDA lesioned hemiparkinsonian rats were exercised on a fixed speed treadmill for 30 minutes per day. Controls received the same lesion but no exercise. Animals were subsequently analyzed for behavior including gait analysis, rotarod performance and apomorphine induced rotation. Subsequently, in vitro striatal dopamine release was analyzed by using FSCV and activity-dependent plasticity in the corticostriatal pathway was measured in each group. Our data indicated that exercise could improve motor walking speed and increase the apomorphine-induced rotation threshold. Exercise also ameliorated spatiotemporal impairments in gait in PD animals. Exercise increased the parameters of synaptic plasticity formation in the corticostriatal pathway of PD animals as well as the dynamics of dopamine transmission in PD animals. Fixed speed treadmill training 30 minutes per day could ameliorate spatial-temporal gait impairment, improve walking speed, dopamine transmission as well as corticostriatal synaptic plasticity in the unilateral 6-OHDA lesioned rat model.
Influence of Language Load on Speech Motor Skill in Children With Specific Language Impairment
Authors: Saletta Meredith , Goffman Lisa , Ward Caitlin , Oleson Jacob 
Published: February 2018

PurposeChildren with specific language impairment (SLI) show particular deficits in the generation of sequenced action: the quintessential procedural task. Practiced imitation of a sequence may become rote and require reduced procedural memory. This study explored whether speech motor deficits in children with SLI occur generally or only in conditions of high linguistic load, whether speech motor deficits diminish with practice, and whether it is beneficial to incorporate conditions of high load to understand speech production.MethodChildren with SLI and typical development participated in a syntactic priming task during which they generated sentences (high linguistic load) and, then, practiced repeating a sentence (low load) across 3 sessions. We assessed phonetic accuracy, speech movement variability, and duration.ResultsChildren with SLI produced more variable articulatory movements than peers with typical development in the high load condition. The groups converged in the low load condition. Children with SLI continued to show increased articulatory stability over 3 practice sessions. Both groups produced generated sentences with increased duration and variability compared with repeated sentences.ConclusionsLinguistic demands influence speech motor production. Children with SLI show reduced speech motor performance in tasks that require language generation but not when task demands are reduced in rote practice.
What Does a Cue Do? Comparing Phonological and Semantic Cues for Picture Naming in Aphasia
Authors: Meteyard Lotte , Bose Arpita 
Published: February 2018

Purpose
Impaired naming is one of the most common symptoms in aphasia, often treated with cued picture naming paradigms. It has been argued that semantic cues facilitate the reliable categorization of the picture, and phonological cues facilitate the retrieval of target phonology. To test these hypotheses, we compared the effectiveness of phonological and semantic cues in picture naming for a group of individuals with aphasia. To establish the locus of effective cueing, we also tested whether cue type interacted with lexical and image properties of the targets.

Method

Individuals with aphasia (
n
= 10) were tested with a within-subject design. They named a large set of items (
n
= 175) 4 times. Each presentation of the items was accompanied by a different cueing condition (phonological, semantic, nonassociated word and tone). Item level variables for the targets (i.e., phoneme length, frequency, imageability, name agreement, and visual complexity) were used to test the interaction of cue type and item variables. Naming accuracy data were analyzed using generalized linear mixed effects models.

Results
Phonological cues were more effective than semantic cues, improving accuracy across individuals. However, phonological cues did not interact with phonological or lexical aspects of the picture names (e.g., phoneme length, frequency). Instead, they interacted with properties of the picture itself (i.e., visual complexity), such that phonological cues improved naming accuracy for items with low visual complexity.

Conclusions
The findings challenge the theoretical assumptions that phonological cues map to phonological processes. Instead, phonological information benefits the earliest stages of picture recognition, aiding the initial categorization of the target. The data help to explain why patterns of cueing are not consistent in aphasia; that is, it is not the case that phonological impairments always benefit from phonological cues and semantic impairments form semantic cues. A substantial amount of the literature in naming therapy focuses on picture naming paradigms. Therefore, the results are also critically important for rehabilitation, allowing for therapy development to be more rooted in the true mechanisms through which cues are processed.
Quality factor improvement of MIS capacitor using side metal coating
Authors: Baek S.J. , Kim J.C. , Yook J.M. 
Published: February 2018

A simple process to improve the quality factor of metal–insulator–silicon (MIS) capacitors is introduced. Typically, MIS capacitors show a low quality factor in the gigahertz range because the lower electrode is silicon, which has low conductivity. The electrical conductivity of the lower electrode of the MIS capacitor is improved by the application of side metal coating through a simple process. To make the side metal of the MIS capacitor, a 200 µm‐deep trench is formed between each capacitor using a sawing machine, and then the top electrode and side metal coating are added at the same time. Since scribing is performed prior to realisation of the top electrode, no additional dicing process is required. The quality factor of the proposed capacitor is improved from 73.8 to 101.3 at 2 GHz just by the addition of the side metal electrode.
Thermal characterisation of dielectric barrier discharge plasma actuation driven by radio frequency voltage at low pressure
Authors: Zhen Yang , Huimin Song , Weilong Wang , Min Jia , Di Jin 
Published: February 2018

In this study, the thermal characterisation of dielectric barrier discharge plasma actuation driven by radio frequency (RF) voltage waveform at low pressure is studied. The RF discharge images and voltage–current waveforms are quite different under 3 and 40 kPa. The thermographic method has been proposed for the spatial–temporal temperature field on the actuator surface. At 3 kPa, the high‐temperature region is mainly concentrated on the surface of the high‐voltage electrode. Along the spanwise direction, the surface temperature gradually increases until it reaches the maximum at the edge of the electrode and then decreases. Similarly, in the chordwise direction, there also exists the maximum value on the surface of the electrode. After discharge starts, the surface temperature rises rapidly, and subsequently, the increasing slope of temperature curves gradually decreases until thermal equilibrium has been reached at about 100 s. The effects of the pressure, duty cycle, and operating power on the thermal characterisation are also investigated experimentally. At low pressure, the discharge mode is diffuse glow discharge, and the high‐temperature region covers the whole electrode. As the pressure increases the surface temperature ascends non‐linearly, while the surface temperature is linearly dependent on the duty cycle and operating power.
Measurement of dielectric response of transformer moisture content
Authors: Zhang Mingze , Liu Ji , Qi Pengshuai , Chen Qingguo , Liao Lilin , Chen Xin , Yin Menghan 
Published: February 2018

Over a transformer's operational lifetime, the moisture content of its insulation pressboard increases because of the ageing of its internal insulation. Thus, this moisture content becomes an important index for judging the ageing of this insulation. In this study, to analyse the moisture content of a transformer's insulation pressboard using the dielectric response insulation technique, the XY‐equivalent model analysis method for classical transformers is combined with a dielectric‐constant algorithm for mixed media. In addition, a new method for calculating the moisture content of a pressboard is obtained via cyclic iterative comparison calculations based on the dielectric response translation formula, the temperature, and the material activation energy. The XY‐equivalent models of transformers with various proportions are derived under laboratory conditions. The moisture contents of the transformers’ insulating pressboards are obtained under the corresponding dielectric loss factor curves by using the proposed moisture content calculation method, which provides a result that is within 4.83% of that provided by the IDAX‐300 moisture content analysis algorithm, thus demonstrating its validity.
Intrauterine Herpes Simplex Virus Infection Presenting as a Zosteriform Eruption in a Newborn
Authors: Drumm Caitlin , Caufield Maura , DeKlotz Cynthia , Pasieka Helena , Abubakar Kabir 
Published: February 2018

AbstractThere is significant morbidity and mortality associated with the transmission of herpes simplex virus (HSV) from pregnant women to their fetus or newborn. Although most commonly transmitted in the peripartum period, in rare cases HSV can lead to intrauterine infection. Cutaneous lesions are the most common manifestation of intrauterine HSV, and have a wide spectrum of presentation. We present a rare case of intrauterine HSV-2 infection presenting with a zosteriform eruption mimicking congenital varicella syndrome in a newborn.
Epidemiologische Aspekte zum säkularen Trend bei Übergewicht und Adipositas bei Kindern und Jugendlichen
Authors: Beger C. , Spielau U. , Pfäffle R. , Körner A. , Kieß W. , Gausche R. 
Published: February 2018

ZusammenfassungDie Datensammlung des Kinderärztenetzwerks CrescNet ermöglicht es, langfristige Veränderungen in der Entwicklung des Body Mass Index (BMI) bei Kindern und Jugendlichen nachzuweisen. Der BMI von Kindern und Jugendlichen liegt 2006 und 2016 deutlich erhöht gegenüber den Vergleichsdaten aus 1995. Für jüngere Kinder kann zwischen 2006 und 2016 eine leichte Abnahme nachgewiesen werden. Für ältere Kinder und Jugendliche besteht nach wie vor ein großer Handlungsbedarf in der Prävention von Übergewicht und in der Therapie von Adipositas. Verhältnisbezogene Präventionsansätze sollten favorisiert werden und mit Hilfe eines Monitorings von BMI in ihrer Wirksamkeit überprüft werden.
Erfolgreiche Teilnahme an einem interdisziplinären Interventionsprogramm für übergewichtige Kinder
Authors: Roschatt I.S. , Kapitzke K. , Sadeghian E. , Ziegler C. , Bokelmann A. , Galuschka L. , Guntermann K. , Danne T. , Kordonouri O. 
Published: February 2018

ZusammenfassungEs gibt nur wenige Analysen, ob bei übergewichtigen Kindern durch Gewichtsreduktion auch der metabolische Stoffwechsel beeinflusst wird. In dieser Studie wurde die Entwicklung metabolischer Parameter vor und nach der einjährigen Teilnahme an einem interdisziplinären Schulungsprogramm (KICK = Kindergewicht intensiv Coaching im Kinderkrankenhaus) untersucht.373 Kinder (47,2 % Knaben) mit Übergewicht und Adipositas (BMI >90. Perzentile; BMI-SDS 2,43 ± 0,43, MW ± SD) starteten im Alter von 11,9 ± 2,3 Jahren das KICK-Programm. Metabolische (Gesamt-, HDL- und LDL-Cholesterin, Triglyzeride sowie Nüchternglukose und HbA1c) und somatometrische Parameter sowie der Blutdruck wurden prospektiv zum Beginn und nach einer Follow-up (FU)-Zeit von 1,4 ± 0,4 Jahren erhoben.Beim FU erreichten die Patienten eine Abnahme des BMI-SDS von 0,78 ± 0,41 (P <0,001). Davon hatten 60 Patienten (46,7 % Jungen) eine signifikante (BMI-SDSDelta ≤-0,5), 96 (42,7 % Jungen) eine moderate (BMI-SDS-Delta ≤-0,2 aber >-0.5) Gewichtsreduktion, 167 (50,9 % Jungen) konnten ihr Gewicht halten (BMI-SDS-Delta >-0,2 und <0,2) und 50 Kinder (44,0 % Jungen) hatten eine Gewichtszunahme (BMI-SDS-Delta ≥0,2). Obwohl wir in der Gesamtgruppe einen metabolisch günstigen Verlauf für alle Lipidparameter (alle P <0,001) und HbA1c (P = 0,021) fanden, waren diese Differenzen insbesondere in den Gruppen der Kinder mit Gewichtsabnahme am ausgeprägtesten. Der HbA1c veränderte sich signifikant in der Gesamtgruppe im Vergleich zum Ausgangswert: HbA1c 5,2 ± 0,7 % vs. 5,3 ± 0,3 % (P <0,05); der nüchterne Glukosewert blieb hingegen unverändert (83,7 ± 7,1 mg/dl vs. 83,5 ± 6,8 mg/ dl, P = 0,693).Kinder mit einer Gewichtsabnahme im Rahmen eines standardisierten Interventionsprogramms haben eine signifikante Verbesserung der atherogen wirkenden metabolischen Parameter. Dies bestätigt unsere Vermutung, dass bereits bei einer geringen Gewichtsabnahme auch das Risiko von Komorbiditäten sinkt.
Musikalische Inaktivität – ein Risikofaktor? Vorstellung eines kurzen Fragebogens zur Erfassung der musikalischen Aktivität (MusA)
Authors: Fernholz Isabel , Menzel Juliane , Jabusch Hans-Christian , Gembris Heiner , Fischer Felix , Kendel Friederike , Kreutz Gunter , Schmidt Alexander , Willich Stefan N. , Weikert Cornelia 
Published: February 2018

Zusammenfassung
Hintergrund Zusammenhänge zwischen musikalischer Aktivität und dem Auftreten von Erkrankungen sind bisher nur in wenigen Studien untersucht, obgleich es viele Hinweise gibt, dass musikalische Aktivität einen Einfluss auf physiologische, pathophysiologische, psychische und kognitive Prozesse hat. Eine Ursache für die geringe Anzahl größerer Studien könnte das Fehlen eines geeigneten Erhebungsinstrumentes sein.
Ziel Ziel der vorliegenden Arbeit ist es, einen Überblick über Erhebungsinstrumente zur Erfassung von Musikalität und musikalischer Aktivität zu geben. Ein Schwerpunkt liegt dabei in der Vorstellung eines neu entwickelten Fragebogens (MusA), der die musikalische Aktivität (aktives Musizieren und Musikrezeption) erfasst und derzeit bereits in der NAKO Gesundheitsstudie eingesetzt wird.
Methode Mittels Literaturrecherche wurden Fragebögen identifiziert, die Musikalität und/ oder musikalische Aktivität erfassen. Von einer Expertenrunde wurde ein neuer deutschsprachiger Fragebogen entwickelt und in einer kleinen Studie hinsichtlich seiner Reliabilität getestet (n=121, Männer und Frauen im Alter von 18 bis 70 Jahren).
Ergebnisse Bei der Literaturrecherche wurden 3 Fragebögen (Gold-MSI, MUSE, MEQ) identifiziert, die sich mit Aspekten der Musikalität und musikalischen Aktivität mit jeweils unterschiedlicher Schwerpunktsetzung befassen. Alle 3 Instrumente sind als umfangreiche psychometrische Skalen zu bewerten, die sich insbesondere der Musikalität widmen. Bisher steht nur der Gold-MSI in einer deutschen Übersetzung zur Verfügung. Keiner der 3 bestehenden Fragebögen erfasst die musikalische Aktivität differenziert. Der neu entwickelte, kurze MusA-Fragebogen, bestehend aus 9 Fragen mit einer maximalen Ausfülldauer von 3 bis 5 Min, schließt diese Lücke.
Zusammenfassung Es stehen nur wenige Fragebögen zur Erfassung von Musikalität und musikalischer Aktivität mit unterschiedlicher Schwerpunktsetzung zur Verfügung. Der neu entwickelte deutschsprachige MusA dient der differenzierten Erfassung von musikalischer Aktivität und soll eingesetzt werden, um in größeren populationsbasierten aber auch klinischen Studien wie z. B. der NAKO Gesundheitsstudie aktives Musizieren und Musikhören als eigenständige Faktoren im Zusammenhang mit Prävention und Therapie chronischer Erkrankungen untersuchen zu können.
Human Ska complex and Ndc80 complex interact to form a load-bearing assembly that strengthens kinetochore–microtubule attachments
Authors: Helgeson Luke A. , Zelter Alex , Riffle Michael , MacCoss Michael J. , Asbury Charles L. , Davis Trisha N. 
Published: February 2018

Significance
Microtubules are dynamic, tube-like structures that drive the segregation of duplicated chromosomes during cell division. The Ska complex is part of a molecular machine that forms force-bearing connections between chromosomes and microtubule ends. Depletion of the Ska complex destabilizes these connections and disrupts cell division. The Ska complex binds microtubules, but it is unknown whether it directly holds force at microtubules or indirectly stabilizes the connections. Here, we show that the Ska complex makes a direct force-bearing linkage with microtubule ends and assembles with another microtubule binding component, the Ndc80 complex, to strengthen its ability to withstand force. Our results suggest that the Ska and Ndc80 complexes work together to maintain the connections between chromosomes and microtubule ends.
Structural basis of transcriptional stalling and bypass of abasic DNA lesion by RNA polymerase II
Authors: Wang Wei , Walmacq Celine , Chong Jenny , Kashlev Mikhail , Wang Dong 
Published: February 2018

Significance
Abasic DNA lesions are one of the most abundant types of DNA lesions and are frequent byproducts of normal cellular metabolism, and they represent intermediates in the base excision repair pathway. These DNA lesions can lead to DNA mutations and transcription errors and block replication and transcription. The molecular basis for RNA polymerase II (Pol II) stalling and bypass of abasic lesion remains elusive due to a lack of atomic structural information. Here we reported the structural snapshots of Pol II stalling and bypass of abasic DNA lesion in a step-wise manner and elucidated how bypass of the lesion leads to the errors in RNA transcripts. These results provide important mechanistic insight into understanding the biological consequences of these abundant mutagenic DNA lesions.
Resistance Training Augments Cerebral Blood Flow Pulsatility: Cross-Sectional Study
Authors: Nakamura Nobuhiro , Muraoka Isao 
Published: February 2018

Abstract

BACKGROUND
Increased central arterial stiffness and/or decreased compliance reduces buffer function and increases cerebral blood flow (CBF) pulsatility, which leads to increased cerebral microvascular damage, resulting in the augmentation of the risk of cerebrovascular diseases. Resistance-trained men showed higher central arterial stiffness and lower arterial compliance than age-matched, sedentary men. This study examined the effect of increased central arterial stiffness and/or decreased arterial compliance on CBF pulsatility.

METHODS
The study participants included 31 young healthy men (15 resistance-trained men, aged 21 ± 1 years; and 16 controls, aged 23 ± 1 years). β-Stiffness index and arterial compliance were measured in the right carotid artery as index of central arterial stiffness and compliance, respectively. The pulsatility index (PI) was measured in the middle cerebral artery as index of CBF pulsatility.

RESULTS
β-Stiffness index and PI were significantly higher in the resistance-trained group than in the control group (β-stiffness index: 5.3 ± 0.3 vs. 3.5 ± 0.3 a.u., P &lt; 0.05, PI: 0.80 ± 0.02 vs. 0.70 ± 0.02, P &lt; 0.05). The resistance-trained group showed significantly lower arterial compliance than the control group (0.16 ± 0.01 vs. 0.23 ± 0.01 mm2/mm Hg, P &lt; 0.05). Positive and negative correlations were observed between β-stiffness index and PI (r = 0.39, P &lt; 0.05), and between arterial compliance and PI (r = −0.59, P &lt; 0.05), respectively.

CONCLUSIONS
The resistance-trained group showed higher central arterial stiffness and PI and lower arterial compliance. Central arterial stiffness and arterial compliance were associated with PI. Increased arterial stiffness and decreased arterial compliance with resistance training impair buffer function, resulting in increased CBF pulsatility.

CLINICAL TRIAL REGISTRATION
Trial Number UMIN000023816
URL: http://www.umin.ac.jp/icdr/index.html
Official scientific title of the study: effect of increase arterial stiffness by resistance training on cerebral hemodynamic
SubRecon: ancestral reconstruction of amino acid substitutions along a branch in a phylogeny
Authors: Monit Christopher , Goldstein Richard A 
Published: February 2018

Abstract

Summary
Existing ancestral sequence reconstruction techniques are ill-suited to investigating substitutions on a single branch of interest. We present SubRecon, an implementation of a hybrid technique integrating joint and marginal reconstruction for protein sequence data. SubRecon calculates the joint probability of states at adjacent internal nodes in a phylogeny, i.e. how the state has changed along a branch. This does not condition on states at other internal nodes and includes site rate variation. Simulation experiments show the technique to be accurate and powerful. SubRecon has a user-friendly command line interface and produces concise output that is intuitive yet suitable for subsequent parsing in an automated pipeline.

Availability and implementation
SubRecon is platform independent, requiring Java v1.8 or above. Source code, installation instructions and an example dataset are freely available under the Apache 2.0 license at https://github.com/chrismonit/SubRecon.
Updating the 97% identity threshold for 16S ribosomal RNA OTUs
Authors: Edgar Robert C 
Published: February 2018

Abstract

Motivation
The 16S ribosomal RNA (rRNA) gene is widely used to survey microbial communities. Sequences are often clustered into Operational Taxonomic Units (OTUs) as proxies for species. The canonical clustering threshold is 97% identity, which was proposed in 1994 when few 16S rRNA sequences were available, motivating a reassessment on current data.

Results
Using a large set of high-quality 16S rRNA sequences from finished genomes, I assessed the correspondence of OTUs to species for five representative clustering algorithms using four accuracy metrics. All algorithms had comparable accuracy when tuned to a given metric. Optimal identity thresholds were ∼99% for full-length sequences and ∼100% for the V4 hypervariable region.

Availability and implementation
Reference sequences and source code are provided in the Supplementary Material.

Supplementary information
Supplementary data are available at Bioinformatics online.