bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Dietary iron restriction leads to a reduction in hepatic fibrosis in a rat model of non-alcoholic steatohepatitis
Authors: Abe Naomichi , Tsuchida Takuma , Yasuda Shin-Ichiro , Oka Kozo 
Published: May 2019

ABSTRACT
Iron overload in the liver causes oxidative stress and inflammation, which result in organ dysfunction, making it a risk factor for non-alcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH) and hepatocellular carcinoma. We aimed to evaluate the effect of dietary iron restriction on disease progression in rats fed a choline-deficient L-amino acid-defined (CDAA) diet. Male F344 rats were fed a choline-sufficient amino acid-defined (control) diet, a CDAA diet or an iron-restricted CDAA diet for 4, 8 and 12 weeks. At each time point, hepatic iron levels, oxidative stress, inflammation and fibrosis were evaluated by immunohistochemistry. The iron-restricted CDAA diet significantly decreased serum iron levels for 12 weeks compared with the CDAA diet. Histological analysis confirmed that feeding with the CDAA diet induced hepatic iron overload and that this was associated with oxidative stress (number of 8-hydroxydeoxyguanosine-positive cells), inflammation (CD68 positive area) and fibrosis (Sirius Red positive area). Iron restriction with the CDAA diet significantly led to a reduction in the hepatic iron levels, oxidative stress, inflammation and fibrosis. Therefore, dietary iron restriction could be a useful therapeutic approach for NASH patients with hepatic iron overload.
Effect of continuous furosemide infusion on outcome of acute kidney injury
Authors: Ni Jie , Jiang Hui , Wang Fang , Zhang Long , Sha Dujuan , Wang Jun 
Published: May 2019

Objective: To evaluate the clinical effects of continuous intravenous infusion with high-dose furosemide on early acute kidney injury (AKI) complicated with acute lung edema.
Methods: Ninety patients who had been treated by furosemide at routine dose for 12 hour but with unsatisfactory outcomes were selected and subjected to continuous intravenous infusion with high-dose furosemide. The dose was adjusted according to hourly urine output. Serum levels of urea nitrogen, creatinine and potassium, pH, oxygenation index and mechanical ventilation time before and 6, 12, 24, 48 and 72 hour after treatment were compared.
Results: The urine outputs before and 6, 12, 24, 48 and 72 hour after treatment were (10.71±1.81), (164.52±21.42), (189.71±29.61), (181.33±23.52), (176.82±24.80) and (164.52±18.91) ml/h respectively. Compared with data before treatment, the serum levels of urea nitrogen, creatinine and potassium significantly decreased while pH and oxygenation index significantly increased after six hour of treatment (P<0.05). After treatment, the kidney functions of 80 patients (88.9%) were completely recovered, without obvious adverse reactions.
Conclusion: For patients with early AKI complicated with acute pulmonary edema who cannot be cured by diuretic agent at routine dose, high-dose furosemide increases urine output and improves success rate.
doi: https://doi.org/10.12669/pjms.35.3.1012
How to cite this:Ni J, Jiang H, Wang F, Zhang L, Sha D, Wang J. Effect of continuous furosemide infusion on outcome of acute kidney injury. Pak J Med Sci. 2019;35(3):754-757. doi: https://doi.org/10.12669/pjms.35.3.1012
This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
Decreased levels of serum zonulin and copeptin in chronic Hepatitis-B patients
Authors: Calgin Mustafa Kerem , Cetinkol Yeliz 
Published: May 2019

Background & Objective: Liver and intestines are anatomically and physiologically linked. Zonulin is a protein modulating intercellular tight junctions and regulating intestinal permeability. Copeptin was studied as a marker of systemic circulation disorders in research about vasopressin and was associated with liver disease prognosis. Serum zonulin and copeptin levels were measured in patients with diagnosis of chronic hepatitis B (CHB) with the aim of easing antiviral treatment management in clinical applications and to investigate the association with normal population and viral load.
Methods: Analysis included the serum of 30 CHB patients and 17 controls. HBV-DNA real-time PCR tests were completed. CHB patients were divided into three subgroups according to viral load in serum. Zonulin and copeptin levels were measured using ELISA kits.
Results: Serum zonulin and copeptin levels were significantly low in CHB patients compared to controls (p<0.001). When CHB subgroups are investigated in terms of serum zonulin and copeptin levels, there was an inverse correlation observed with significant difference (p<0.01, p<0.05).
Conclusion: The negative correlation between serum zonulin and copeptin with HBV-DNA load revealed in our study shows they may be used to monitor treatment. Zonulin and copeptin assays provide the possibility of developing new approaches to CHB diagnosis and monitoring.
doi: https://doi.org/10.12669/pjms.35.3.144
How to cite this:Calgin MK, Cetinkol Y. Decreased levels of serum zonulin and copeptin in chronic Hepatitis-B patients. Pak J Med Sci. 2019;35(3):842-846. doi: https://doi.org/10.12669/pjms.35.3.144
This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
The impact of physical activity to the child’s quality of life: a bibliometric study
Authors: Završnik Jernej , Kokol Peter , Blažun Vošner Helena 
Published: May 2019

Background: The application of bibliometrics in healthcare research is becoming popular, however at present it is still an under-researched area. Methods: In our study we used a bibliometric technique called bibliometric mapping to visualize the published research regarding the influence of physical activity to children’s quality of life. The research was visualized in the form of both chronological and cluster science landscapes. Science landscapes, contrary to conventional reviews, capture the relationships between multiple topics and concepts, enabling the generation of “synthetic reviews”. Results: Evolutionarily, three distinct research phases appeared, namely research on influence of physical activity on various chronic non-communicable diseases; research on quality of life and childhood diseases related to physical activity; and outcome-related research. The research consists of six main topics: asthmatic child and exercising, blood diseases, health-related quality of life, obesity and chronic diseases, childhood obesity and behaviour, and depression and health outcomes. Conclusions: The study identified some research that may be helpful to general paediatricians whose everyday practice or research is not focused on physical activity and child’s quality of life, but wants to learn about the taxonomy of the topics, the most interesting discoveries, guidelines and practices and the state of the art in the field. It also revealed some hidden association, otherwise not easily identified, even by informed researchers and clinicians.
What You Don’t Know…Can’t Hurt You? A Natural Field Experiment on Relative Performance Feedback in Higher Education
Authors: Azmat Ghazala , Bagues Manuel , Cabrales Antonio , Iriberri Nagore 
Published: May 2019

This paper studies the effect of providing feedback to college students on their position in the grade distribution by using a natural field experiment. This information was updated every six months during a three-year period. We find that greater grades transparency decreases educational performance, as measured by the number of examinations passed and grade point average (GPA). However, self-reported satisfaction, as measured by surveys conducted after feedback is provided but before students take their examinations, increases. We provide a theoretical framework to understand these results, focusing on the role of prior beliefs and using out-of-trial surveys to test the model. In the absence of treatment, a majority of students underestimate their position in the grade distribution, suggesting that the updated information is “good news” for many students. Moreover, the negative effect on performance is driven by those students who underestimate their position in the absence of feedback. Students who overestimate initially their position, if anything, respond positively. The performance effects are short lived—by the time students graduate, they have similar accumulated GPA and graduation rates. This paper was accepted by John List, behavioral economics.
Branch-and-Price-and-Cut for the Periodic Vehicle Routing Problem with Flexible Schedule Structures
Authors: Rothenbächer Ann-Kathrin 
Published: May 2019

This paper addresses the periodic vehicle routing problem with time windows (PVRPTW). Therein, customers require one or several visits during a planning horizon of several periods. The possible visiting patterns (schedules) per customer are limited. In the classical PVRPTW, it is common to assume that each customer requires a specific visit frequency and offers all corresponding schedules with regular intervals between the visits. In this paper, we permit all kinds of schedule structures and the choice of the service frequency. We present an exact branch-and-price-and-cut algorithm for the classical PVRPTW and its variant with flexible schedules. The pricing problems are elementary shortest-path problems with resource constraints. They can be based on one of two new types of networks and solved with a labeling algorithm, which uses several known acceleration techniques, such as the [Formula: see text]-path relaxation and dynamic halfway points within bidirectional labeling. For instances in which schedule sets fulfill a certain symmetry condition, we present specialized improvements of the algorithm, such as constraint aggregation and symmetry breaking. Computational tests on benchmark instances for the PVRPTW show the effectiveness of our algorithm. Furthermore, we analyze the impact of different schedule structures on run times and objective function values. The online appendix is available at https://doi.org/10.1287/trsc.2018.0855 .
Rare Co-occurrence of Eosinophilic Esophagitis and Type 2B von Willebrand Disease: Implications for Endoscopic Surveillance and Esophageal Dilation
Authors: Corder S. Ryanne , Weston Brent W. , Dellon Evan S. 
Published: May 2019

ABSTRACT
Eosinophilic esophagitis (EoE) and type 2B von Willebrand disease (vWD) are both rare diseases, and the co-occurrence is unlikely. Patients with EoE often need recurrent endoscopic dilations and esophageal biopsies, and the safety of these procedures in the setting of bleeding disorders is not well described in the literature. We describe successful management strategies in a patient with co-existing EoE and type 2B vWD who required multiple dilations and biopsies. This approach might be used for patients with other esophageal disorders and type 2B vWD as well.
Pregnancy outcomes in patients with rheumatoid arthritis and systemic lupus erythematosus. Part I. Maternal outcomes
Authors: Kosheleva N. M. , Matyanova E. V. , Fedorova E. V. , Klimenchenko N. I. 
Published: May 2019

Improved diagnosis and treatment of rheumatoid arthritis (RA) and systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) contribute to the remission of the disease and improve the quality of life of patients. In this regard, more and more women with RA and SLE decide to have pregnancy, which makes it actual to study the features of its course and outcomes in these diseases.Objective: to evaluate maternal pregnancy outcomes in patients with RA and SLE.Subjects and methods. 76 cases of pregnancy were traced prospectively in 72 patients: 32 pregnancies in 29 patients with RA and 44 pregnancies in 43 patients with SLE.Results and discussion. 72 of 76 (94.7%) supervised pregnancies ended in childbirth with the birth of a viable baby. There were three cases of pregnancy loss in the second trimester in SLE patients with concomitant antiphospholipid syndrome (AFS) and one case (3.1%) of perinatal infant death (a boy and a girl, monochorionic diamniotic twins with reverse arterial perfusion syndrome) in a patient with seropositive RA. Compared with the all-Russian population, the supervised RA and SLE patients more often had prematurely birth (37.5‰, 18.7% and 22.7%) and caesarean section (CS; in 236.7‰, 50%, and 56.8% respectively). In the SLE group CS was conducted due to the emergency reasons more frequently than in RA, (respectively 47,7% and 25%, relative risk of 1.9 [1; 3.7]; p=0.04). CS at the first birth was performed more often during RA and SLE than before the onset of the disease (p<0.001). Preeclampsia in patients with RA was diagnosed more often than in the population (9.4% and 15.7 per 1000 births, respectively). There was a reverse correlation between the timing of delivery and disease activity according DAS28-CRP in II (r= 0.5; p=0.01) and III (r= 0.6; p=0.0005) trimesters of pregnancy, and in patients with moderate and high activity of RA in the third trimester (n=12) delivery was earlier than in the control group (n=20), remission or low activity of RA (p<0.01). In patients with SLE who had birth prematurely (22.7%), the duration of the disease (p=0.02) and the duration of oral glucocorticoid therapy (p=0.003) were greater compared with SLE patients having term birth (70.5%); the dose of glucocorticoids at the time of conception and delivery did not affect the timing of delivery.Conclusion. Planning of pregnancy in patients with RA and SLE, monitoring during pregnancy and timely correction of therapy contribute to uncomplicated course of gestation and improve maternal outcomes.
Anxieties in Irish Theatre
Authors: Pilný Ondřej 
Published: May 2019

Abstract
This article outlines substantial recent transformations in Irish theatre and argues that much contemporary work has been focused on addressing the social and economic turbulences that Ireland has been experiencing by zooming in on the attendant anxieties and fears. It examines this thematic area in conjunction both with theatrical form and with the effect on the spectators, dividing plays and productions into four categories. The first of these includes works that have depicted Ireland and its anxieties by way of allegory; Mark Doherty’s Trad (2004) and Michael West and Corn Exchange’s Freefall (2009) are discussed as examples reflecting different stages of recent Irish history. The second category features works focused on the anxieties of economically marginalised individuals and groups; detailed analysis is provided of ANU Productions’ The Boys of Foley Street (2012) as an instance of radical site-specific theatre that instigates fear in the spectators. Works in the third category centre on gender identity and the anxieties experienced by LGBT individuals; the fictitious docudrama I ♥ Alice ♥ I by Amy Conroy is singled out as an instance of exciting emancipatory theatre. The fourth category is comprised of works dealing with the legacy of the Troubles in Northern Ireland and revolving around the fears and frustrations that concern the future; the recent plays by David Ireland, particularly the dark comedy Cyprus Avenue, are discussed as representative of outlining the indelible effects of nationalism on individual identity and ending on a pessimistic note.
The Science and Politics of Climate Change in Steve Waters’ The Contingency Plan
Authors: Boles William C. 
Published: May 2019

Abstract
Recent movies have relished depicting nature striking back at a human population that has forsaken her. Films like The Day After Tomorrow, 2012, and San Andreas embrace the apocalyptic destruction of cities around the globe by way of sub-zero hurricanes, earthquakes, tsunamis, tornados, and other natural disasters. Surprisingly, the British theatre is equally engaged (albeit less spectacularly) in exploring the same threat. Namely, what happens when the natural world strikes back and begins to encroach against our established homesteads and populated cities. One of the best-known plays on the topic of climate change is Steve Waters’ The Contingency Plan (2009).
Waters delves into the growing crisis of rising water tables to low lying areas of England by exploring the effect it has personally on an aging climate scientist and his wife and politically on their son, also a scientist, who is charged by two newly installed government officials with preparing Britain for the looming watery disaster. Eschewing the bombastic Hollywood nature of disaster films, Waters’ play is intimately crafted, showing the dangerous and fatal disruptions of the changing natural world, and, more specifically, the negotiations that take place between science and politics when it comes to the unpredictability of rising sea levels. My article examines this work in relation to how it approaches the threat of climate change to the British Isles by exploring Waters’ exploration of how politics, science, and family tensions affect the climatic future of the country.
Transcendental idealism and metaphysics: Kant’s commitment to things as they are in themselves
Authors: Allais Lucy 
Published: May 2019

Abstract
One of Kant’s central central claims in the Critique of Pure Reason is that we cannot have knowledge of things as they are in themselves. This claim has been regarded as problematic in a number of ways: whether Kant is entitled to assert both that there are things in themselves and that we cannot have knowledge of them, and, more generally, what Kant’s commitment to things in themselves amounts to. A number of commentators deny that Kant is committed to there actually being an aspect of reality which we cannot cognise; they argue that he is committed merely to the idea that we cannot avoid the concept of things as they are in themselves. I will argue in this paper that while transcendental idealism is partly an epistemological position, it is also partly a metaphysical position, and in specific, that Kant is committed to the claim that the things we cognise have, in addition to the way they appear to us, a nature that is independent of us, which we cannot cognise.
The crystal structure of 3-butyl-1-methyl-1H-imidazol-3-ium catena-poly[tris(μ2-bromido-κ
2
Br:Br)lead(II)], C8H15Br3N2Pb
Authors: Zhang Hui , Yu Shan Shan 
Published: May 2019

Abstract
C8H15Br3N2Pb, orthorhombic, P212121 (no. 19), a = 7.7781(9) Å, b = 9.7129(15) Å, c = 19.158(2) Å, V = 1447.3(3) Å3, Z = 4, R
gt(F) = 0.0376, wR
ref(F
2) = 0.0780, T = 100 K.
An Investigation of Dissimilar Metal Weld Joints: SB166–Alloy 82/182–SA182
Authors: Zamora Rangel L. , Aguilar Torres J. A. , Sandoval A. R. , Arganis Juárez C. R. , Díaz Pérez L. , Zenteno Suárez J. C. 
Published: May 2019

Abstract
The alloys 82 and 182 have been widely used as filler metal to join austenitic stainless steel with alloy 600 by a shielded metal arc welding process in the reactor pressure vessel and pressure vessel nozzles, which are both components in boiling water reactors. These components are affected by interdendritic/intergranular stress corrosion cracking, usually confined to the welding metal of alloys 82 and 182. For better understanding of this effect, the heat-affected zones (HAZ) were studied. Usually, the damages are present in dissimilar metal welds along the fusion lines; this zone is susceptible to cracking. This is an important reason to research the microstructural behavior in the transition regions. For this study, specimens for dissimilar welding SB166–Alloy 82/182–SA182 were prepared; the physical dimensions of the specimens were 2.0 by 1.0 by 0.375 in. (5.08 by 5.54 by 0.95 cm). The welding metals were prepared as multilayer by shielded metal arc welding process using electrodes ERNiCr3 and ENiCrFe3. The microstructural characterization was realized by optical and scanning electron microscopy, including electron backscattering diffraction technique. Additionally, the Vickers microhardness profile was recorded using a Shimadzu Model HMV-G-20DT. The measurements were from the base metal and HAZ as well as the welding. The microscopy analysis shows that austenite phase is present in both base metals. The chemical compositions of different materials indicate that they correspond to the joints of alloy 600 and stainless steel (SS) 304L with alloy 82 and 182. The values of microhardness are interesting results of these joining welding. They show a slight increase in the hardness value as the measurements approached the fusion line, with the exception of the SA182 alloy.
The Effect of Expressive Writing on Symptoms of Depression in College Students: Randomized Controlled Trial
Authors: Robertson Sarah M. C. , Short Stephen D. , Asper Abigail , Venezia Kelly , Yetman Catherine , Connelly Monica , Trumbull Jacqueline 
Published: May 2019

Introduction: The first year of college can be particularly difficult for students, as they typically face a number of emotional, developmental, social, and financial challenges. Expressive writing (EW) is a writing intervention that requires participants to write about their thoughts and feelings related to a particular event over several days. Methods: Participants in this study included 90 first-year undergraduate students. Participants were assigned to the EW condition (writing about their thoughts and feelings related to their transition to college) or a control condition (writing about any object or event of their choosing). Participants completed 3 consecutive days of writing, and then completed two follow-up visits that occurred one month and six months post-intervention. Participants were divided into two groups based on their initial depression scores (one group with minimal symptoms, and a second group with mild/moderate/severe symptoms). Results: Among participants in the mild/moderate/severe group, those in the EW condition demonstrated significant decreases in depression symptoms over the six-month study period, while participants in the control condition did not. Among this same subset of participants, those in the EW condition also demonstrated significantly fewer physician visits due to physical illness when compared to the control group. Changes in depression and physical illness visits were not found for participants with minimal symptoms of depression. Discussion: EW is a low-cost procedure that has been empirically demonstrated to alleviate symptoms of depression six months post-intervention. However, this finding only held for participants who were initially categorized in the group of participants with mild/moderate/severe symptoms of depression (as opposed to those participants initially categorized with minimal symptoms of depression). Clinical implications and future directions are discussed.