bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Monitoring the Health of Public Health Responders: Development and Use of the Responder Safety, Tracking, and Resilience System (R-STaR) for Hurricane Matthew
Authors: Turner Alezandria K. , Edison Laura , Soetebier Karl , Smith Wendy , Drenzek Cherie 
Published: October 2018

ABSTRACTOn October 7, 2016, Hurricane Matthew traveled along the coasts of Florida, Georgia, and South Carolina causing flooding and power outages. The Georgia Department of Public Health (DPH) developed the Web-based Responder Safety, Tracking, and Resilience (R-STaR) system to monitor the health and safety of public health responders and to inform disaster response planning for Hurricane Matthew. Using R-STaR, responders (n = 126) were e-mailed a daily survey while deployed to document injuries or harmful exposures and a post-deployment survey on their post-deployment health and satisfaction with using R-STaR. DPH epidemiologists contacted responders reporting injuries or exposures to determine the need for medical care. Frequencies were tabulated for quantitative survey responses, and qualitative data were summarized into key themes. Five percent (6/126) of responders reported injuries, and 81% (43/53) found R-STaR easy to use. Suggestions for R-STaR improvement included improving accessibility using mobile platforms and conducting pre-event training of responders on R-STaR. Lessons learned from R-STaR development and evaluation can inform the development and improvement of responder health surveillance systems at other local and state health departments and disaster and emergency response agencies. (Disaster Med Public Health Preparedness. 2019;13:74–81).
Environmental record of layers of bubbles in natural pond ice
Authors: HRUBA JOLANA , KLETETSCHKA GUNTHER 
Published: October 2018

ABSTRACTAutonomous temperature data loggers were used to measure the temperature profile within a growing ice cover and in the water below. The ice formed under natural conditions over the pond. We observed the presence of distinct layers of gas bubbles throughout the ice thickness. Temperature measurements allowed us to determine growth rates (μm s−1) and cooling rates (°C s−1) of the ice and demonstrated that these bubble layers formed during the peak ice growth rates from 0.58 to 0.92 µm s−1. The growth rates, leading to the formation of layers of bubbles, were more than an order of magnitude lower than for bubbles produced in controlled laboratory conditions (from 3 to 80 µm s−1). This observation introduces the possibility that solid impurities play a role in natural waters and that they must lower the limit of growth rates required for bubble occurrence. Data revealed a decrease in ice growth rates while cooling rates increased. We interpret this observation as an effect of the heat flux from the water to the ice (8.34–34.11 W m−2), and of gas concentration changes in the water below. Calculations of the ice thickness using traditional methods showed the necessity to include the heat flux from the water to the ice and the effect of gas bubbles within the ice and near the ice–water interface.
COMPLEX OF RELATIVELY HYPERBOLIC GROUPS
Authors: PAL ABHIJIT , PAUL SUMAN 
Published: October 2018

AbstractIn this paper, we prove a combination theorem for a complex of relatively hyperbolic groups. It is a generalization of Martin’s (Geom. Topology 18 (2014), 31–102) work for combination of hyperbolic groups over a finite MK-simplicial complex, where k ≤ 0.
The Trump presidency, climate change, and the prospect of a disorderly energy transition
Authors: Selby Jan 
Published: October 2018

AbstractThis article reflects on the implications of the Trump presidency for global anthropogenic climate change and efforts to address it. Existing commentary, predicated on liberal institutionalist reasoning, has argued that neither Trump’s promised rollback of domestic climate-related funding and regulations, nor withdrawal from the Paris framework, will be as impactful as often feared. While broadly concurring, I nonetheless also in this article take a wider view, to argue that the Trump administration is likely to exacerbate several existing patterns and trends. I discuss four in particular: the general inadequacy of global greenhouse gas emissions reduction targets and implementation efforts; the inadequacy of contemporary climate financing; the embrace between populist conservatism and opposition to action on climate change; and not least, the current global oil and gas boom which, crucially, is being led by the US. I submit that these patterns and trends, and the Trump administration’s likely contributions to them, do not augur well for climate change mitigation, let alone for an orderly transition to a low-carbon global economy. Given current directions of travel, I suggest, this coming transition is likely to be deeply conflict-laden – probably violently so – and to have consequences that will reverberate right across mid-twentieth-century international order.
ETHICS IN HEALTH TECHNOLOGY ASSESSMENT: A SYSTEMATIC REVIEW
Authors: Bellemare Christian A. , Dagenais Pierre , K.-Bédard Suzanne , Béland Jean-Pierre , Bernier Louise , Daniel Charles-Étienne , Gagnon Hubert , Legault Georges-Auguste , Parent Monelle , Patenaude Johane 
Published: October 2018

Objectives:Integration of ethics into health technology assessment (HTA) remains challenging for HTA practitioners. We conducted a systematic review on social and methodological issues related to ethical analysis in HTA. We examined: (1) reasons for integrating ethics (social needs); (2) obstacles to ethical integration; (3) concepts and processes deployed in ethical evaluation (more specifically value judgments) and critical analyses of formal experimentations of ethical evaluation in HTA.Methods:Search criteria included “ethic,” “technology assessment,” and “HTA”. The literature search was done in Medline/Ovid, SCOPUS, CINAHL, PsycINFO, and the international HTA Database. Screening of citations, full-text screening, and data extraction were performed by two subgroups of two independent reviewers. Data extracted from articles were grouped into categories using a general inductive method.Results:A list of 1,646 citations remained after the removal of duplicates. Of these, 132 were fully reviewed, yielding 67 eligible articles for analysis. The social need most often reported was to inform policy decision making. The absence of shared standard models for ethical analysis was the obstacle to integration most often mentioned. Fairness and Equity and values embedded in Principlism were the values most often mentioned in relation to ethical evaluation.Conclusions:Compared with the scientific experimental paradigm, there are no settled proceedings for ethics in HTA nor consensus on the role of ethical theory and ethical expertise hindering its integration. Our findings enable us to hypothesize that there exists interdependence between the three issues studied in this work and that value judgments could be their linking concept.
Classification of the real discrete specialisations of the Burau representation of B3
Authors: SCHERICH NANCY 
Published: October 2018

AbstractThis classification is found by analyzing the action of a normal subgroup of B3 as hyperbolic isometries. This paper gives an example of an unfaithful specialisation of the Burau representation on B4 that is faithful when restricted to B3, as well as examples of unfaithful specialisations of B3.
Bovine tuberculosis in working foxhounds: lessons learned from a complex public health investigation
Authors: Phipps Emily , McPhedran Kate , Edwards David , Russell Katherine , O'Connor Catherine M. , Gunn-Moore Danielle A. , O'Halloran Conor , Roberts Tony , Morris Jill 
Published: October 2018

AbstractIn 2017, Public Health England South East Health Protection Team (HPT) were involved in the management of an outbreak ofMycobacterium bovis(the causative agent of bovine tuberculosis) in a pack of working foxhounds. This paper summarises the actions taken by the team in managing the public health aspects of the outbreak, and lessons learned to improve the management of future potential outbreaks. A literature search was conducted to identify relevant publications onM. bovis. Clinical notes from the Public Health England (PHE) health protection database were reviewed and key points extracted. Animal and public health stakeholders involved in the management of the situation provided further evidence through unstructured interviews and personal communications. The PHE South East team initially provided ‘inform and advise’ letters to human contacts whilst awaiting laboratory confirmation to identify the infectious agent. OnceM. bovishad been confirmed in the hounds, an in-depth risk assessment was conducted, and contacts were stratified in to risk pools. Eleven out of 20 exposed persons with the greatest risk of exposure were recommended to attend TB screening and one tested positive, but had no evidence of active TB infection. The number of human contacts working with foxhound packs can be large and varied. HPTs should undertake a comprehensive risk assessment of all potential routes of exposure, involve all other relevant stakeholders from an early stage and undertake regular risk assessments. Current guidance should be revised to account for the unique risks to human health posed by exposure to infected working dogs.
Custodians of Continuity in an Era of Change: an Oral History of the Everyday Lives of Crown Court Clerks Between 1972 and 2015
Authors: Liberman Dvora 
Published: October 2018

AbstractThis article discusses an oral history doctoral research project about the little known, yet critical role of the court clerk in Crown Courts. It is surprising that even though Crown Court clerks have been pivotal in trials of the most serious criminal offences, they have been neglected in legal scholarship. This research project has contributed towards filling an absence in the academic literature about the nature and function of their vital work between 1972 and 2015, and was carried out by Dvora Liberman, in partnership with the London School of Economics Legal Biography Project and National Life Stories, British Library.
Carry on Classifying! The Moys Reclassification Project at the Bodleian Law Library
Authors: Garner Helen 
Published: October 2018

AbstractThis article, written by Helen Garner, reviews the progress of the Moys Reclassification Project at the Bodleian Law Library and covers the issues relating to the lessons learnt and the benefits of changing to a different classification scheme. The Bodleian Law Library started work on the Moys Reclassification Project in 2006 and work is still on-going to complete the project.
Wave‐Induced Surge Motion and Collisions of Sea Ice Floes: Finite‐Floe‐Size Effects
Authors: Herman A. 
Published: October 2018

AbstractAmong many mechanisms potentially contributing to wave energy attenuation in sea ice are wave‐induced ice floe collisions. At present, little is known about collision patterns and their phase‐averaged effects under different combinations of sea ice properties (ice thickness, floe size, etc.) and wave forcing (wavelength and steepness). The existing parameterizations of collision‐related effects are therefore based on several simplifying, unverified assumptions. In this work, wave‐induced motion and collisions of ice floes are analyzed numerically with a model based on momentum equations for an arbitrary number of floes, with source terms computed by integrating local forcing (wave‐induced dynamic pressure, surface drag, etc.) over the surface area/volume of each floe. It is shown that this simple model, with prescribed wave forcing (i.e., no wave‐ice interactions), is capable of reproducing observed surge amplitudes up to floe sizes comparable with wavelength. A full Hertzian contact model is used instead of a simple hard‐disk algorithm, which makes the model suitable for simulating both rapid collisions and prolonged contact between floes. The model equations are used to formulate heuristic collision criteria based on relative floe size, ice concentration, and wave steepness. The model is then run for different combinations of those three parameters, together with different restitution and drag coefficients, in order to analyze possible motion/collision patterns within the multidimensional parameter space, and phase‐averaged effects of collisions: kinetic and contact stress, granular temperature, and work done by forces acting on the ice.
Induction of antibacterial proteins and peptides in the coprophilous mushroom Coprinopsis cinerea in response to bacteria
Authors: Kombrink Anja , Tayyrov Annageldi , Essig Andreas , Stöckli Martina , Micheller Sebastian , Hintze John , van Heuvel Yasemin , Dürig Natalia , Lin Chia-wei , Kallio Pauli T , Aebi Markus , Künzler Markus 
Published: October 2018

Abstract
Bacteria are the main nutritional competitors of saprophytic fungi during colonization of their ecological niches. This competition involves the mutual secretion of antimicrobials that kill or inhibit the growth of the competitor. Over the last years it has been demonstrated that fungi respond to the presence of bacteria with changes of their transcriptome, but the significance of these changes with respect to competition for nutrients is not clear as functional proof of the antibacterial activity of the induced gene products is often lacking. Here, we report the genome-wide transcriptional response of the coprophilous mushroom Coprinopsis cinerea to the bacteria Bacillus subtilis and Escherichia coli. The genes induced upon co-cultivation with each bacterium were highly overlapping, suggesting that the fungus uses a similar arsenal of effectors against Gram-positive and -negative bacteria. Intriguingly, the induced genes appeare to encode predominantly secreted peptides and proteins with predicted antibacterial activities, which was validated by comparative proteomics of the C. cinerea secretome. Induced members of two putative antibacterial peptide and protein families in C. cinerea, the cysteine-stabilized αβ-defensins (Csαβ-defensins) and the GH24-type lysozymes, were purified, and their antibacterial activity was confirmed. These results provide compelling evidence that fungi are able to recognize the presence of bacteria and respond with the expression of an arsenal of secreted antibacterial peptides and proteins.
Circadian rhythms and psychiatric profiles in young adults with unipolar depressive disorders
Authors: Robillard Rébecca , Carpenter Joanne S. , Rogers Naomi L. , Fares Sarah , Grierson Ashlee B. , Hermens Daniel F. , Naismith Sharon L. , Mullin Sharon J. , Feilds Kristy-Lee , Glozier Nick , Scott Elizabeth M. , Hickie Ian B. 
Published: October 2018

AbstractAbnormalities in circadian rhythms have been reported in people with mood disorders, but these abnormalities are marked by considerable inter-individual variability. This study aimed to identify pathophysiological subgroups on the basis of circadian markers and evaluate how these subgroups relate to psychiatric profiles. Thirty-five young adults (18–31 years old) receiving clinical care for unipolar depressive disorders and 15 healthy controls took part to this study. The Hamilton Rating Scale for Depression and the Young Mania rating scale were used to evaluate the severity of mood symptoms in participants with depressive disorders. All participant underwent ambulatory sleep monitoring with actigraphy for about 12 days before attending a laboratory-based chronobiological assessment which included repeated salivary samples to determine dim light melatonin onset (DLMO) and continuous core body temperature (CBT) monitoring using an ingestible temperature sensor. Cluster analyses were conducted across all participants to identify subgroups with consistent circadian timing profiles based on DLMO and the nocturnal minima of CBT. Two clusters were identified: ‘delayed’ and ‘conventional timing’ circadian phase. Descriptive analyses showed that the delayed cluster was characterised by abnormal time relationships between circadian phase markers and the sleep–wake cycle. Importantly, individuals from the delayed cluster had worse depression severity (t(28) = −2.7, p = 0.011) and hypomanic symptoms (Z = −2.2, p = 0.041) than their peers with conventional circadian timing. These findings suggest that delayed and disorganised circadian rhythms may be linked to worse psychiatric profiles in young people with depressive disorders.
Synthetic lethality between HER2 and transaldolase in intrinsically resistant HER2-positive breast cancers
Authors: Ding Yi , Gong Chang , Huang De , Chen Rui , Sui Pinpin , Lin Kevin H. , Liang Gehao , Yuan Lifeng , Xiang Handan , Chen Junying , Yin Tao , Alexander Peter B. , Wang Qian-Fei , Song Er-Wei , Li Qi-Jing , Wood Kris C. , Wang Xiao-Fan 
Published: October 2018

AbstractIntrinsic resistance to anti-HER2 therapy in breast cancer remains an obstacle in the clinic, limiting its efficacy. However, the biological basis for intrinsic resistance is poorly understood. Here we performed a CRISPR/Cas9-mediated loss-of-function genetic profiling and identified TALDO1, which encodes the rate-limiting transaldolase (TA) enzyme in the non-oxidative pentose phosphate pathway, as essential for cellular survival following pharmacological HER2 blockade. Suppression of TA increases cell susceptibility to HER2 inhibition in two intrinsically resistant breast cancer cell lines with HER2 amplification. Mechanistically, TA depletion combined with HER2 inhibition significantly reduces cellular NADPH levels, resulting in excessive ROS production and deficient lipid and nucleotide synthesis. Importantly, higher TA expression correlates with poor response to HER2 inhibition in a breast cancer patient cohort. Together, these results pinpoint TA as a novel metabolic enzyme possessing synthetic lethality with HER2 inhibition that can potentially be exploited as a biomarker or target for combination therapy.
A phosphatidylinositol 4,5-bisphosphate redistribution-based sensing mechanism initiates a phagocytosis programing
Authors: Mu Libing , Tu Zhongyuan , Miao Lin , Ruan Hefei , Kang Ning , Hei Yongzhen , Chen Jiahuan , Wei Wei , Gong Fangling , Wang Bingjie , Du Yanan , Ma Guanghui , Amerein Matthias W. , Xia Tie , Shi Yan 
Published: October 2018

AbstractPhagocytosis is one of the earliest cellular functions, developing approximately 2 billion years ago. Although FcR-based phagocytic signaling is well-studied, how it originated from ancient phagocytosis is unknown. Lipid redistribution upregulates a phagocytic program recapitulating FcR-based phagocytosis with complete dependence on Src family kinases, Syk, and phosphoinositide 3-kinases (PI3K). Here we show that in phagocytes, an atypical ITAM sequence in the ancient membrane anchor protein Moesin transduces signal without receptor activation. Plasma membrane deformation created by solid structure binding generates phosphatidylinositol 4,5-bisphosphate (PIP2) accumulation at the contact site, which binds the Moesin FERM domain and relocalizes Syk to the membrane via the ITAM motif. Phylogenic analysis traces this signaling using PI3K and Syk to 0.8 billion years ago, earlier than immune receptor signaling. The proposed general model of solid structure phagocytosis implies a preexisting lipid redistribution-based activation platform collecting intracellular signaling components for the emergence of immune receptors.
Accuracy of a Nutrient Database in Estimating the Dietary Phosphorus-to-Protein Ratio and Using a Boiling Method in Low-Phosphate Hospital Diets
Authors: Tsai Wan-Chuan , Peng Yu-Sen , Wu Hon-Yen , Hsu Shih-Ping , Chiu Yen-Ling , Liu Lie-Chuan , Tsai Shu-Min , Chien Kuo-Liong 
Published: October 2018

AbstractThe use of the dietary phosphorus-to-protein ratio (PPR) to reduce dietary phosphorus while maintaining protein intake is valuable for nutritional management in the dialysis population, but the actual PPR values in hospital meals have not been determined. We aimed to determine the accuracy of a nutrient database for estimating the PPR in low-phosphate hospital diets compared with the accuracy of chemical analysis and produce hospital diets with low-phosphate content by boiling meat for 30 minutes before cooking. The phosphorus and protein content of 26 cooked dishes selected from the hospital menu was estimated using a food composition table (FCT) and sent for chemical analysis. Comparisons of FCT-based estimated values with measured values for every 100 g of tested foods revealed an overestimation for the PPR both in plant-based dishes (mean difference ± SD, 4.1 ± 14.6 mg/g, P = 0.06), and in meats (2.1 ± 2.3 mg/g, P = 0.06). By boiling meats, we crafted diets with PPR as low as 8 mg/g. Caution should be exercised in estimating the PPR using a FCT in hospital diets and boiling should be used to prepare hospital meals. Such diets will be promoted for dialysis patients in both inpatient and outpatient settings.
Single sarcomere contraction dynamics in a whole muscle
Authors: Moo Eng Kuan , Herzog Walter 
Published: October 2018

AbstractThe instantaneous sarcomere length (SL) is regarded as an important indicator of the functional properties of striated muscle. Previously, we found greater sarcomere elongations at the distal end compared to the mid-portion in the mouse tibialis anterior (TA) when the muscle was stretched passively. Here, we wanted to see if SL dispersions increase with activation, as has been observed in single myofibrils, and if SL dispersions differ for different locations in a muscle. Sarcomere lengths were measured at a mid- and a distal location of the TA in live mice using second harmonic generation imaging. Muscle force was measured using a tendon force transducer. We found that SL dispersions increased substantially from the passive to the active state, and were the same for the mid- and distal portions of TA. Sarcomere length non-uniformities within a segment of ~30 serial sarcomeres were up to 1.0 µm. We conclude from these findings that passive, mean SLs obtained from a single location are not necessarily representative of the distribution of SL in active muscle, and thus may be misinterpreted when deriving muscle mechanical properties, such as the force-length relationship. In view of these findings, it seems crucial to determine how SL distributions within a muscle relate to the most fundamental properties of muscle, such as the maximal isometric force.
The Unparalleled Benign Odontogenic Tumor : Peripheral Odontogenic Fibroma-A Case Report
Authors: Bajaj Puneet , Garg Deepti , Sabharwal Robin , Joshi Sonia , Sharma Ruchi 
Published: October 2018

AbstractPeripheral odontogenic fIbroma (POF) is a rare odontogenic tumor. It resembles clinically with other peripheral exophytic lesions like pyogenic granuloma, peripheral ossifying fibroma, and peripheral giant cell granuloma. Hence, needs to be differentiated from such other lesions. Histopathological examination being the only diagnostic approach for peripheral odontogenic fibroma, which can provide a basis for treatment and prognosis evaluation. This case report presents a rare clinical case of a 14-year-old female patient with a palatal overgrowth along the maxillary incisors, which was diagnosed as peripheral odontogenic fibroma.
Patellar Maltracking as a Cause of Lameness in Two Dachshunds
Authors: Treharne David , Burton Neil 
Published: October 2018

AbstractTwo Dachshunds were presented for the complaint of intermittent unilateral pelvic limb skipping lameness. Clinical examination and radiographs did not reveal any abnormalities. Computed tomography (CT) imaging showed changes in the femoropatellar joint space in both dogs and surgical evaluation revealed femoral trochlear and patellar cartilage loss. Patellar maltracking without patellar luxation or instability was diagnosed. Patellar maltracking should be included as a differential diagnosis for pelvic limb lameness in this breed.