bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Numerical Techniques for Unsteady Nonlinear Burgers Equation Based on Backward Differentiation Formulas
Authors: Mukundan Vijitha , Awasthi Ashish 
Published: June 2018

AbstractWe introduce new numerical techniques for solving nonlinear unsteady Burgers equation. The numerical technique involves discretization of all variables except the time variable which converts nonlinear PDE into nonlinear ODE system. Stability of the nonlinear system is verified using Lyapunov’s stability criteria. Implicit stiff solvers backward differentiation formula of order one, two and three are used to solve the nonlinear ODE system. Four test problems are included to show the applicability of introduced numerical techniques. Numerical solutions so obtained are compared with solutions of existing schemes in literature. The proposed numerical schemes are found to be simple, accurate, fast, practical and superior to some existing methods.
Influence of Non-linear Boussinesq Approximation on Natural Convective Flow of a Power-Law Fluid along an Inclined Plate under Convective Thermal Boundary Condition
Authors: RamReddy Ch. , Naveen P. , Srinivasacharya D. 
Published: June 2018

Abstract
In the present investigation, a problem of natural convective flow of a non-Newtonian power-law fluid over an inclined plate saturated in a non-Darcy porous medium is considered. Also, the nonlinear Boussinesq approximation and convective thermal boundary condition are taken into account to address heat and mass transfer phenomena of thermal systems which are operated at moderate and very high temperatures. The steady-state boundary layer equations are non-dimensionalized into non-similar form and then solved numerically by the local non-similarity method with successive linearisation method (SLM). The effects of various physical parameters on the fluid flow, heat and mass transfer characteristics are depicted graphically and analysed in detail.
Chinese NGOs are “Going Out”: History, Scale, Characteristics, Outcomes, And Barriers
Authors: Li Xiaoyun , Dong Qiang 
Published: June 2018

Abstract
From a historical perspective, China has become a focus of attention in contemporary globalization, and the expansion of Chinese NGOs’ participation overseas has been an important part of its globalization process. On the one hand, this “going out” phenomenon implies a spontaneous, internal cultural power within the Chinese society driven by a strong economy, which is a modern form of ideological promotion caused by capital expansion. On the other hand, this process has also been propelled by utilitarian factors. Nevertheless, despite a decade of development, the “going out” of Chinese NGOs is still in its infancy. Moreover, Chinese NGOs that are going global face various challenges in terms of laws and policies, public awareness and fundraising, transnational operations, and professional talent. To propose new concepts of global development, Chinese NGOs will have to strengthen themselves.
Growth-Enhancing Corporate Tax Reform in Belgium
Authors: Mooij Ruud De , Hebous Shafik , Hrdinkova Milena 
Published: June 2018

Abstract
Until 2018, Belgium had a unique corporate income tax system due to its notional interest deduction, also known in public finance literature as the allowance for corporate equity. At the same time, it had one of the highest corporate tax rates in Europe at 34 percent. The latter came under severe pressure to reform and, as of 2018, the government has started to reduce the rate, gradually to reach 25 percent in 2020. The reduction is accompanied by other measures, including a limitation of the notional interest deduction. This paper argues that the lower CIT rate is likely to be conducive to economic growth. Yet, the effects on growth would have been more favorable if the notional interest deduction would have been strengthened, rather than diminished.
Carboxymethyl cellulose-grafted graphene oxide for efficient antitumor drug delivery
Authors: Jiao Zepeng , Zhang Bin , Li Chunya , Kuang Weicong , Zhang Jingxian , Xiong Yongqiang , Tan Shaozao , Cai Xiang , Huang Langhuan 
Published: June 2018

Abstract
A drug delivery system based on carboxymethyl cellulose-grafted graphene oxide loaded by methotrexate (MTX/CMC-GO) with pH-sensitive and controlled drug-release properties was developed in this work. CMC was grafted on graphene oxide by ethylenediamine through hydrothermal treatment. CMC serves as a pH-sensitive trigger, while CMC-GO serves as a drug-carrying vehicle due to the curved layer and large plain surface. Different amounts of drugs could be loaded into CMC-GO nanocarriers by control of the original amount of drug/carrier ratios. Additionally, low cytotoxicity against NIH-3T3 cells and low in vivo toxicity was observed. In vivo tumor growth inhibition assays showed that MTX/CMC-GO demonstrated superior antitumor activity than free MTX against HT-29 cells. Moreover, prolonged survival time of mice was observed after MTX/CMC-GO administration. The MTX/CMC-GO drug delivery system has a great potential in colon cancer therapy.
Queer Bodies, Queer Lives in China English Contact Literature
Authors: Paiz Joshua M. , Comeau Anthony , Zhu Junhan , Zhang Jingyi , Santiano Agnes 
Published: June 2018

Abstract
Ha Jin and his works have contributed significantly to world Englishes knowledge, both through direct scholarly engagement with contact literatures and through the linguistic creativity exhibited in his works of fiction (Jin 2010). His fiction writing also acts as a site of scholarly inquiry (e.g., Zhang 2002). Underexplored, however, are how local varieties of English as used to create queer identities. This paper will seek to address this gap by exploring how Ha Jin created queer spaces in his short story “The Bridegroom.” This investigation will utilize a Kachruvian world Englishes approach to analyzing contact literatures (B. Kachru 1985, 1990, Y. Kachru & Nelson 2006, Thumboo 2006). This analysis will be supported by interfacing it with perspectives from the fields of queer theory and queer linguistics (Jagose 1996, Leap & Motschenbacher 2012), which will allow for a contextually sensitive understanding of queer experiences in China. This approach will enable us to examine how Ha Jin utilized the rhetorical and linguistic markers of China English to explore historical attitudes towards queerness during the post-Cultural Revolution period. These markers include the use of local idioms and culturally-localized rhetorical moves to render a uniquely Chinese queer identity.
Effects of calcium stearate as pro-oxidant agent on the natural aging of polypropylene
Authors: Bensaad Fatima , Belhaneche-Bensemra Naima 
Published: June 2018

Abstract
The aim of this work is to study the effects of calcium stearate (CaSt2) as pro-oxidant agent on the degradation of polypropylene (PP) under natural exposure. For that purpose, PP samples containing various amounts of CaSt2 were prepared and exposed in Boumerdes, Algeria (Mediterranean climate) for 12 months. Samples were taken off every 3 months and characterized. The evolution of mechanical properties was followed by tensile and hardness tests. The structural modifications of PP were investigated by Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy, whereas the changes in morphology were analyzed by optical microscopy. The results showed a sudden decrease of elongation at break since the 1st month of exposure and a progressive decrease of stress at break and hardness. FTIR analysis showed apparition of oxygen products (carbonyl and hydroperoxide groups) due to the degradation of PP and a significant increase of carbonyl index as a function of exposure time. Furthermore, formation of crazes and cracks occurred during natural aging of PP. All the considered properties were affected by the presence of CaSt2 as pro-oxidant agent, but the results showed that the level of calcium stearate does not have a significant influence and a concentration of 5 wt% was sufficient to initiate the process of degradation.
Study of radiotoxic 210Po in Indian tobacco using liquid scintillation spectrometry
Authors: Srivastava Alok , Tuli Vishal , Scherer Ulrich W. 
Published: June 2018

Abstract
A fast radioanalytical method has been developed to measure 210Po in tobacco samples. After microwave digestion polonium is extracted quantitatively from a 1 M hydrochloric acid solution into a solution of triisooctylamine in toluene. The extract was measured by liquid scintillation counting in α mode. Caused by the high counting efficiency the counting time per sample can be reduced significantly compared to conventional α spectrometry, allowing for high sample throughput. The method was applied to 11 brands of cigarettes, beedis and or chewing tobaccos from India. Based on the resulting activity concentrations and typical consumption habits, annual and lifetime equivalent doses were calculated. They were found to be ~100–700 μSv/a or ~5–35 mSv, respectively.
A review on the sustainability of textile industries wastewater with and without treatment methodologies
Authors: Pattnaik Punyasloka , Dangayach G.S. , Bhardwaj Awadhesh Kumar 
Published: June 2018

AbstractThe textile industry in India plays a vital role in the economic growth of the nation. The growth of the textile industry not only impacts the economy of a country but also influences the global economy and mutual exchange of technology between the countries. However, the textile industry also generates an enormous quantity of waste as waste sludge, fibers and chemically polluted waters. The chemically polluted textile wastewater degrades the quality of the soil and water when it mixes with these natural resources and its dependent habitats and environment. Owing to the existing problem of solid and liquid waste, textile industries are facing major problems in environment pollution. Therefore, researchers and the textile industries are focusing on the reduction of textile wastewater and the formulation of alternative efficient treatment techniques without hampering the environment. Hence, the present literature survey mainly concentrates on the various wastewater treatment techniques and their advantages. Moreover, the focus of the study was to describe the methods for the reduction of environmental waste and effective utilization of recycled water with zero wastewater management techniques. The alternative methods for the reduction of textile waste are also covered in this investigation. Finally, this paper also suggests utilization of solid wastes after treatment of wastewater in other sectors like construction for the preparation of low-grade tiles and or bricks by replacing the cement normally used in their manufacturing.
A review on future episodic thinking in mood and anxiety disorders
Authors: Moustafa Ahmed A. , Morris Alejandro N. , ElHaj Mohamad 
Published: June 2018

Abstract
Future episodic thinking refers to the ability to imagine oneself in the future and project oneself into specific future events. This cognitive process is related to decision making and planning for the future. Although healthy populations commonly project themselves into the future (e.g. while planning a trip or career), patients with mood disorders show impairment in this ability. In this review article, we discuss the similarities and differences in future thinking among the following populations: major depressive disorder, dysphoria, anxiety, and post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD). Importantly, we highlight the methodological variations in future episodic memory tasks in the literature that may explain the differences in the existing results.
Public access venues and community empowerment in Mozambique: a social representation study
Authors: Rega Isabella , Vannini Sara 
Published: June 2018

AbstractThis article uses the theoretical construct of Social Representations to investigate how Community Multimedia Centers (CMCs) – venues that offer public access to Information and Communication Technologies (ICTs) to underserved communities – are perceived by communities in Mozambique, and it discusses how the local population understands these venues as means to foster community empowerment and socio-economic development. In total, 113 participants took part in the study, from six CMCs in different towns of Mozambique. Participants were represented from three different social groups, according to their use of the CMC: staff members, users of both CMC components – telecenter and radio – and radio-only users. The article analyses the Social Representations’ structure, using a Prototypical approach. Findings show that CMCs are seen by local communities as places at which they can receive and exchange information, and also as learning spaces, with the telecenter part focused on the delivery of ICT training and the radio component engaging with educational activities and services in a broader sense. Furthermore, CMCs are perceived as places dedicated almost exclusively to children and young people. The results of this study can help policy makers, practitioners, funding agencies and other relevant stakeholders to improve Mozambican CMCs and leverage their community empowerment potential.
The effects of propranolol on heart rate variability and quantitative, mechanistic, pain profiling: a randomized placebo-controlled crossover study
Authors: Petersen Kristian Kjær , Andersen Hjalte Holm , Tsukamoto Masato , Tracy Lincoln , Koenig Julian , Arendt-Nielsen Lars 
Published: June 2018

Abstract

Background and aims
The autonomic nervous system (ANS) is capable of modulating pain. Aberrations in heart rate variability (HRV), reflective of ANS activity, are associated with experimental pain sensitivity, chronic pain, and more recently, pain modulatory mechanisms but the underlying mechanisms are still unclear. HRV is lowered during experimental pain as well as in chronic pain conditions and HRV can be increased by propranolol, which is a non-selective β-blocker. Sensitization of central pain pathways have been observed in several chronic pain conditions and human mechanistic pain biomarkers for these central pain pathways include temporal summation of pain (TSP) and conditioned pain modulation (CPM). The current study aimed to investigate the effect of the β-blocker propranolol, and subsequently assessing the response to standardized, quantitative, mechanistic pain biomarkers.

Methods
In this placebo-controlled, double-blinded, randomized crossover study, 25 healthy male volunteers (mean age 25.6 years) were randomized to receive 40 mg propranolol and 40 mg placebo. Heart rate, blood pressure, and HRV were assessed before and during experimental pain tests. Cuff pressure pain stimulation was used for assessment of pain detection (cPDTs) and pain tolerance (cPTTs) thresholds, TSP, and CPM. Offset analgesia (OA) was assessed using heat stimulation.

Results
Propranolol significantly reduced heart rate (p<0.001), blood pressure (p<0.02) and increased HRV (p<0.01) compared with placebo. No significant differences were found comparing cPDT (p>0.70), cPTT (p>0.93), TSP (p>0.70), OA-effect (p>0.87) or CPM (p>0.65) between propranolol and placebo.

Conclusions
The current study demonstrated that propranolol increased HRV, but did not affect pressure pain sensitivity or any pain facilitatory or modulatory outcomes.

Implications
Analgesic effects of propranolol have been reported in clinical pain populations and the results from the current study could indicate that increased HRV from propranolol is not associated with peripheral and central pain pathways in healthy male subjects.
Storying experience: Young children’s early use of story genres
Authors: Flynn Erin Elizabeth 
Published: June 2018

AbstractThe purpose of this study is to support early childhood teachers’ understanding of the diversity and sophistication present in young children’s storytelling to counteract singular and tacit conceptualizations of story. Drawing on the notion of genre, this study uses systemic functional linguistics to examine rhetorical patterns in the storytelling of a group of children in multilingual and multicultural classrooms. Stories were collected in the context of a small group storytelling activity called story circles. Participation in story circles resulted in 176 stories. Children’s stories were parsed into story stages and story genres based on functional purpose and known patterns in the grammar of language. Results show that the children told stories that varied not only in length and complexity, but in choice of story genres. Further, the majority of children employed different genres of story across the four weeks of the activity. The children in this sample used storytelling as a vehicle for giving significance to everyday experience, elevating ideas and establishing relationships in the classroom context.
How to Win the Brussels Game? Explaining the European Parliament’s Success under the Co-Decision
Authors: Kirpsza Adam 
Published: June 2018

Abstract:The purpose of the article is to identify the conditions that affect the success of the European Parliament’s amendments in the ordinary legislative procedure. In the first step, hypotheses were delineated predicting the impact of specific factors on the effectiveness of EP demands. Subsequently, they were verified using the logistic regression. The results revealed that the EP is more likely to be successful in this procedure if it applies the following negotiation techniques. First, it bundles several legislative proposals in one package. Second, it persuades the European Commission to support its amendments. Third, it negotiates the legislative proposals in trilogues. Fourth, it is cohesive during negotiations. Fifth, it prolongs negotiations with the Council until the end of parliamentary term. Sixth, it designates a rapporteur from a country acting at the same time as the Council Presidency. Seventh, it negotiates with the Council when the Presidency legislative workload is high.
What Kind of Governor was Nehemiah? The Titles פֶּחָה and תִּרְשָׁתָא in MT and LXX Ezra-Nehemiah
Authors: Fulton Deirdre 
Published: June 2018

Zusammenfassung:
Die Frage nach den exakten Bedeutungen der Begriffe החָפֶּ und אתָשָׁרְתִּ in Esra-Nehemia zog in der Vergangenheit beträchtliche Aufmerksamkeit auf sich. Indem die zwei Begriffe zumeist als Titel verstanden wurden, sind sie für die Frage entscheidend, wie die Texte von Esra-Nehemia die persische Administration der Provinz »jenseits des Flusses« beschreiben. Dieser Artikel untersucht die textkritischen und redaktionskritischen Fragen im masoretischen Text (MT) und in der Septuaginta (LXX) von Esra-Nehemia und wie Veränderungen gegenüber der Vorlage des MT die Stellung des »Gouverneurs« und — spezifischer — die Rolle Nehemias in den Texten modifizierte, die seinen Namen tragen.
The Redactional Reassertion of the Priestly Role in Leviticus 10–16
Authors: Hays Nathan 
Published: June 2018

Zusammenfassung:
Vielfach wird eine Beziehung zwischen Lev 11–15 und Lev 10,8–11 erkannt. Zusätzlich zu den terminologischen Verbindungen zwischen Lev 10,8–11 und den nachfolgenden Abschnitten lassen sich strukturelle Verbindungen zwischen Lev 10,8–11 und den wichtigen resümierenden Abschnitten in Lev 11–16 aufweisen, die diese Texte verknüpfen. Diese Verbindungen entstammen einer redaktionellen Bearbeitung in Lev 11,47; 13,59b; 14,57; 15,31 und 16,34a. Im Lichte von Jhwhs Rede an Aaron in Lev 10 ergänzte sie auch Aaron als Adressaten in den Redeeinleitungen (Lev 11,1–2a; 13,1; 14,33; 15,1–2a). Auf diese Weise reagiert diese Redaktion auf die egalitären Tendenzen des Heiligkeitgesetzes und betont den Vorrang der Priester als denjenigen, die in Israel zwischen Rein und Unrein unterscheiden und in Israel lehren.
Gemeinsame intellektuelle Hintergründe in Kohelet und in der Familientradition der Tobiaden
Authors: Kwon JiSeong James , Brütsch JiSeong James Kwon und Matthias 
Published: June 2018

Zusammenfassung:
Die bisherige Wissenschaft beleuchtete den intellektuellen Hintergrund von Kohelet unter Heranziehung von ägyptischen, mesopotamischen und hellenistischen Textsorten. All diese Versuche konnten den intellektuellen Hintergrund von Koh nicht abschließend klären, weshalb die Diskussion nie aufhörte. Anstatt den intellektuellen Hintergrund von Kohelet in Griechenland, Ägypten oder Mesopotamien zu suchen, fanden wir ihn im ammonitisch-israelischen Kernland, nämlich bei der Tobiadenfamilie, soweit sich diese aus Josephus und anderen Quellen erschließen lässt: Sowohl Kohelet als auch die Tobiaden waren als hellenisierende Laien deutlich beeinflusst von der griechischen – namentlich auch kynischen und skeptischen – Literatur und Philosophie. Werden solche gemeinsamen intellektuellen Hintergründe sorgfältig herausgearbeitet, so lässt sich – mit sechs im Artikel genannten Argumenten – sogar eine konkrete Identifikation Kohelets in Betracht ziehen. Dabei spielen die beiden Koheletfragmente aus Qumran (4Q109Koha und 4Q76Kohb) eine Schlüsselrolle.
Reading Micaiah’s Heavenly Vision (1Kgs 22:19–23) and 1 Kings 22 as Interpretive Keys
Authors: Quine Catherine 
Published: June 2018

Zusammenfassung:
Diese Arbeit stellt die These auf, dass Michas Vision in 1 Reg 22,19–23 und das gesamte Kapitel 1 Reg 22 als hermeneutische Schlüssel fungieren, die dem Leser das darauffolgende Material erschließen. Michas Vision macht deutlich, dass der bevorstehende Sieg der Aramäer und der Tod des Königs von Israel in 1 Reg 22,29–26, die Autorität JHWH′s nicht herausforderte, sondern im Gegenteil bestätigte. Im größeren Zusammenhang kombiniert 1 Reg 22 Themen und Ereignisse aus dem Kontext (1 Reg 16–21; 2 Reg 3–13), um ein Narrativ zu schaffen, das die historischen Ereignisse um den Aufstieg der Aramäer und den Niedergang der Omriden begreifbar macht. Das Kapitel nutzt Ahab und Joschafat als Repräsentanten der Könige von Israel und Juda, um eine Geschichte zu erzählen, die deutlich macht, wie JHWH sich der Aramäer bediente, um die Omriden zu stürzen und Juda aus der Kontrolle Israels zu befreien.
Analysis of Mixed Convection in a Vertical Channel in the Presence of Electrical Double Layers
Authors: Khan Niazi M. Dilawar , Xu Hang , Zhao Qingkai , Sun Qiang 
Published: June 2018

Abstract
We consider the fully developed mixed convection flow in a vertical channel driven by an external pressure gradient and buoyancy force. Unlike in previous studies, we employ a new model to formulate the flow problem that guarantees the smoothness and continuity of the distributions of the electrical potential and velocity. This model, solved by the homotopy analysis method, is compatible with the channel flow models commonly used in fluid mechanics.
Auxin-Mediated Sterility Induction System for Longevity and Mating Studies in Caenorhabditis elegans
Authors: Kasimatis Katja R , Moerdyk-Schauwecker Megan J , Phillips Patrick C 
Published: June 2018

Abstract
The ability to control both the means and timing of sexual reproduction provides a powerful tool to understand not only fertilization but also life history trade-offs resulting from sexual reproduction. However, precisely controlling fertilization has proved a major challenge across model systems. An ideal sterility induction system should be external, non-toxic, and reversible. Using the auxin-inducible degradation system targeting the spe-44 gene within the nematode Caenorhabditis elegans, we designed a means of externally inducing spermatogenesis arrest. We show that exposure to auxin during larval development induces both hermaphrodite self-sterility and male sterility. Moreover, male sterility can be reversed upon cessation of auxin exposure. The sterility induction system developed here has multiple applications in the fields of spermatogenesis and mating systems evolution. Importantly, this system is also a highly applicable tool for aging studies. In particular, we show that auxin-induced self-sterility is comparable to the commonly used chemically-induced FUdR sterility, while offering multiple benefits, including being less labor intensive, being non-toxic, and avoiding compound interactions with other experimental treatments.