bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Tracing human influence on rising surface air temperature in Venezuela
Authors: Swain Basudev , Vountas Marco , Singh Aishwarya , Gunthe Sachin S. 
Published: November 2024

AbstractThe rise in surface air temperature (SAT) in Venezuela, leading to the loss of all its glaciers, underscores the urgency of understanding human contributions to this phenomenon. This study investigates the impact of anthropogenic climate forcings on SAT across Venezuela, employing observational data, multi-model simulations, and optimal fingerprinting method. Anthropogenic forcings have driven a 0.40–0.85 $$^{\circ }$$

∘

C SAT rise during the industrial era, with land use (LU) emerging as a significant driver (0.36–0.68 $$^{\circ }$$

∘

C), surpassing greenhouse gases (GHGs) (0.10–0.62 $$^{\circ }$$

∘

C). Conversely, anthropogenic aerosols (Aaer) exhibit a cooling effect (− 0.93 to − 0.25 $$^{\circ }$$

∘

C) on SAT. Projections under Representative Concentration Pathways 4.5 indicate substantial SAT increases by the 21st century’s end, underscoring human-induced SAT rise. Effective management of regional Aaer and LU changes in Venezuela holds the potential for mitigating current and future warming and its subsequent impacts on the fragile ecosystem of this region.
Sustainable synthesis of fine chemicals and polymers using industrial chlorine chemistry
Authors: Kohsaka Yasuhiro , Matsuura Daisuke , Kimura Yoshikazu 
Published: November 2024

AbstractTo achieve sustainable resource circulation, preparation of reactive species from stable compounds is unavoidable. Chlorine chemistry is an eco-friendly methodology to address this demand. Chlorine is industrially produced from sodium chloride (NaCl), an abundant natural resource in oceans. Chlorine provides various chemical products, including polymers, through chlorination and subsequent conversion reactions. In these reactions, the byproducts are usually hydrogen chloride, which is commercially utilized as hydrochloric acid and is finally neutralized to NaCl after use. Therefore, chlorine chemistry enables fine chemical production from NaCl with almost no wastage. This review provides an overview of the synthesis of fine chemicals and polymers using chlorine chemistry and discusses them from the perspective of sustainability.
Structure confirmation, reactivity, bacterial mutagenicity and quantification of 2,2,4-tribromo-5-hydroxycyclopent-4-ene-1,3-dione in drinking water
Authors: Ciccarelli Davide , Lancaster Ben M. J. , Braddock D. Christopher , Calvaresi Matteo , Mišík Miroslav , Knasmüller Siegfried , Mattioli Edoardo Jun , Zerbetto Francesco , White Andrew J. P. , Marczylo Tim , Gant Timothy W. , Barron Leon P. 
Published: November 2024

AbstractThe presence of two new disinfectant by-product (DBP) groups in the UK was recently shown using non-target analysis, halogenated-hydroxycyclopentenediones and halogenated-methanesulfonic acids. In this work, we confirmed the structure of 2,2,4-tribromo-5-hydroxycyclopent-4-ene-1,3-dione (TBHCD), and quantified it together with dibromomethanesulfonic acid at 122 ± 34 and 326 ± 157 ng L−1 on average in London’s drinking water, respectively (n = 21). We found TBHCD to be photolabile and unstable in tap water and at alkaline pH. Furthermore, spectral and computational data for TBHCD and three other halogenated-hydroxycyclopentenediones indicated they could act as a source of radicals in water and in the body. Importantly, TBHCD was calculated to have a 14.5 kcal mol−1 lower C-Br bond dissociation enthalpy than the N-Br bond of N-bromosuccinimide, a common radical substitution reagent used in organic synthesis. TBHCD was mutagenic in Salmonella/microsome assays using strains TA98, TA100 and TA102. This work reveals the unique features, activity and toxicity of trihalogenated hydroxycyclopent-4-ene-1,3-diones, prompting a need to more comprehensively assess their risks.
Glacier surge as a trigger for the fastest delta growth in the Arctic
Authors: Kavan J. , Strzelecki M. C. , Benn D. I. , Luckman A. , Roman M. , Zagórski P. 
Published: November 2024

AbstractThe widespread retreat of Svalbard glaciers has been frequently interrupted by short-lived surge advances. In the case of marine-terminating glaciers this is often expressed in the remodelling of coastal zones. Here, we analyzed the coastal zone changes in front of the recently surging Recherchebreen. The glacier advanced ca 1200 m since 2018 and suddenly stopped in June 2020 followed by the rapid formation of a delta system in front of its subglacial meltwater outlet. The delta advanced by ca 450 m with probably the fastest progradation rate ever detected in the Arctic region (ca 7 m/day). The synchroneity of the final slow-down of the glacier with the delta building indicates that this event records the release of stored water and sediments from beneath the glacier and thus provides direct evidence of drainage reorganisation at the termination of a surge. Such behaviour is likely common among Svalbard surging glaciers, but it only rarely leaves any direct geomorphic evidence.
Virion morphology and on-virus spike protein structures of diverse SARS-CoV-2 variants
Authors: Ke Zunlong , Peacock Thomas P , Brown Jonathan C , Sheppard Carol M , Croll Tristan I , Kotecha Abhay , Goldhill Daniel H , Barclay Wendy S , Briggs John A G 
Published: November 2024

AbstractThe evolution of SARS-CoV-2 variants with increased fitness has been accompanied by structural changes in the spike (S) proteins, which are the major target for the adaptive immune response. Single-particle cryo-EM analysis of soluble S protein from SARS-CoV-2 variants has revealed this structural adaptation at high resolution. The analysis of S trimers in situ on intact virions has the potential to provide more functionally relevant insights into S structure and virion morphology. Here, we characterized B.1, Alpha, Beta, Gamma, Delta, Kappa, and Mu variants by cryo-electron microscopy and tomography, assessing S cleavage, virion morphology, S incorporation, “in-situ” high-resolution S structures, and the range of S conformational states. We found no evidence for adaptive changes in virion morphology, but describe multiple different positions in the S protein where amino acid changes alter local protein structure. Taken together, our data are consistent with a model where amino acid changes at multiple positions from the top to the base of the spike cause structural changes that can modulate the conformational dynamics of the S protein.
Diagnosis and prognosis prediction of gastric cancer by high-performance serum lipidome fingerprints
Authors: Cai Ze-Rong , Wang Wen , Chen Di , Chen Hao-Jie , Hu Yan , Luo Xiao-Jing , Wang Yi-Ting , Pan Yi-Qian , Mo Hai-Yu , Luo Shu-Yu , Liao Kun , Zeng Zhao-Lei , Li Shan-Shan , Guan Xin-Yuan , Fan Xin-Juan , Piao Hai-long , Xu Rui-Hua , Ju Huai-Qiang 
Published: November 2024

AbstractEarly detection is warranted to improve prognosis of gastric cancer (GC) but remains challenging. Liquid biopsy combined with machine learning will provide new insights into diagnostic strategies of GC. Lipid metabolism reprogramming plays a crucial role in the initiation and development of tumors. Here, we integrated the lipidomics data of three cohorts (n = 944) to develop the lipid metabolic landscape of GC. We further constructed the serum lipid metabolic signature (SLMS) by machine learning, which showed great performance in distinguishing GC patients from healthy donors. Notably, the SLMS also held high efficacy in the diagnosis of early-stage GC. Besides, by performing unsupervised consensus clustering analysis on the lipid metabolic matrix of patients with GC, we generated the gastric cancer prognostic subtypes (GCPSs) with significantly different overall survival. Furthermore, the lipid metabolic disturbance in GC tissues was demonstrated by multi-omics analysis, which showed partially consistent with that in GC serums. Collectively, this study revealed an innovative strategy of liquid biopsy for the diagnosis of GC on the basis of the serum lipid metabolic fingerprints.
A techno‐enviro‐economic multi‐objective framework for optimal sizing of a biomass/diesel generator‐driven hybrid energy system
Authors: Akbarzadeh Amir , Askarzadeh Alireza 
Published: November 2024

AbstractThis article investigates multi‐objective size optimization of a hybrid energy system (HES) composed of biomass, photovoltaic (PV) and diesel generator considering technical, economic and environmental aspects. For this aim, two multi‐objective frameworks (techno‐economic and techno‐enviro‐economic) are developed where in the techno‐economic framework, total net present cost (TNPC) and loss of power supply probability (LPSP) are considered as the conflicting objectives. LPSP value is used as an index to measure the system reliability (by decrease of LPSP value, reliability will increase). In the techno‐enviro‐economic framework, net present cost of CO2 emission is also included in TNPC value. Furthermore, to determine the impact of biomass and diesel generator fuel costs on the Pareto front, a sensitivity analysis is conducted. Over the case study, simulated results show that in techno‐economic framework, at small values of LPSP, it is cost‐effective to use PV‐diesel rather than PV‐biomass system. In techno‐enviro‐economic framework, though at LPSP = 0, it is cost‐effective to use PV‐diesel system, in other levels of LPSP, it is desired to use PV‐biomass system.
CLASH-VLT: Galaxy cluster MACS J0329–0211 and its surroundings using galaxies as kinematic tracers
Authors: Girardi M. , Boschin W. , Mercurio A. , Nocerino N. , Nonino M. , Rosati P. , Biviano A. , Demarco R. , Grillo C. , Sartoris B. , Tozzi P. , Vanzella E. 
Published: November 2024

Context. The study of substructure is an important step in determining how galaxy clusters form.
Aims. We aim to gain new insights into the controversial dynamical status of MACS J0329–0211 (MACS0329), a massive cluster at z = 0.4503 ± 0.0003, through a new analysis using a large sample of member galaxies as kinematic tracers.
Methods. Our analysis is based on extensive spectroscopic data for more than 1700 galaxies obtained with the VIMOS and MUSE spectrographs at the Very Large Telescope (VLT) in combination with B and RC Suprime-Cam photometry from the Subaru archive. According to our member selection procedure, we defined a sample of 430 MACS0329 galaxies within 6 Mpc, corresponding to approximately three times the virial radius.
Results. We estimated the global velocity dispersion,
σV841-36+26

km s−1, and present the velocity dispersion profile. We estimated a mass of M200 = (9.2 ± 1.5)×1014 M⊙ using 227 galaxies within R200 = (1.71 ± 0.07) Mpc, for which
σV,200841-48+40

km s−1. The spatial distribution of the red galaxies traces a SE-NW elongated structure without signs of a velocity gradient. This structure likely originates from the main phase of cluster assembly. The distribution of the blue galaxies is less concentrated and more rounded, and it shows signs of substructure, all characteristics indicating a recent infall of groups from the field. We detected two loose clumps of blue galaxies in the south and southwest at a distance of ∼R200 from the cluster center. The strong spatial segregation among galaxy populations is not accompanied by a kinematical difference. Thanks to our extensive catalog of spectroscopic redshift, we were able to study galaxy systems that are intervening along the line of sight. We identified two foreground galaxy systems, GrG1 at z ∼ 0.31 and GrG2 at z ∼ 0.38, and one background system, GrG3 at z ∼ 0.47. We point out that the second brightest galaxy projected onto the MACS0329 core is in fact the dominant galaxy of the foreground group GrG2. MACS0329, GrG3, and two other systems detected using DESI DR9 photometric redshifts are close to each other, suggesting the presence of a large-scale structure.
Conclusions. MACS0329 is close to a state of dynamical equilibrium despite being surrounded by a very rich environment. We emphasize that the use of an extensive spectroscopic redshift survey is essential to avoiding misinterpretation of structures projected along the line of sight.
KMT-2021-BLG-0284, KMT-2022-BLG-2480, and KMT-2024-BLG-0412: Three microlensing events involving two lens masses and two source stars
Authors: Han Cheongho , Udalski Andrzej , Bond Ian A. , Lee Chung-Uk , Gould Andrew , Albrow Michael D. , Chung Sun-Ju , Hwang Kyu-Ha , Jung Youn Kil , Ryu Yoon-Hyun , Shvartzvald Yossi , Shin In-Gu , Yee Jennifer C. , Yang Hongjing , Zang Weicheng , Cha Sang-Mok , Kim Doeon , Kim Dong-Jin , Kim Seung-Lee , Lee Dong-Joo , Lee Yongseok , Park Byeong-Gon , Pogge Richard W. , Mróz Przemek , Szymański Michał K. , Skowron Jan , Poleski Radosław , Soszyński Igor , Pietrukowicz Paweł , Kozłowski Szymon , Rybicki Krzysztof A. , Iwanek Patryk , Ulaczyk Krzysztof , Wrona Marcin , Gromadzki Mariusz , Mróz Mateusz J. , Abe Fumio , Barry Richard , Bennett David P. , Bhattacharya Aparna , Fujii Hirosame , Fukui Akihiko , Hamada Ryusei , Hirao Yuki , Silva Stela Ishitani , Itow Yoshitaka , Kirikawa Rintaro , Koshimoto Naoki , Matsubara Yutaka , Miyazaki Shota , Muraki Yasushi , Olmschenk Greg , Ranc Clément , Rattenbury Nicholas J. , Satoh Yuki , Sumi Takahiro , Suzuki Daisuke , Tomoyoshi Mio , Tristram Paul J. , Vandorou Aikaterini , Yama Hibiki , Yamashita Kansuke 
Published: November 2024

Aims. We carried out a project involving the systematic analysis of microlensing data from the Korea Microlensing Telescope Network survey. The aim of this project is to identify lensing events with complex anomaly features that are difficult to explain using standard binary-lens or binary-source models.
Methods. Our investigation reveals that the light curves of microlensing events KMT-2021-BLG-0284, KMT-2022-BLG-2480, and KMT-2024-BLG-0412 display highly complex patterns with three or more anomaly features. These features cannot be adequately explained by a binary-lens (2L1S) model alone. However, the 2L1S model can effectively describe certain segments of the light curve. By incorporating an additional source into the modeling, we identified a comprehensive model that accounts for all the observed anomaly features.
Results. Bayesian analysis, based on constraints provided by lensing observables, indicates that the lenses of KMT-2021-BLG-0284 and KMT-2024-BLG-0412 are binary systems composed of M dwarfs. For KMT-2022-BLG-2480, the primary lens is an early K-type main-sequence star with an M dwarf companion. The lenses of KMT-2021-BLG-0284 and KMT-2024-BLG-0412 are likely located in the bulge, whereas the lens of KMT-2022-BLG-2480 is more likely situated in the disk. In all events, the binary stars of the sources have similar magnitudes due to a detection bias favoring binary source events with a relatively bright secondary source star, which increases detection efficiency.
Intrahepatic Cholangiocarcinoma Presenting as an Incidentaloma on F-18 PYL PSMA PET/CT
Authors: Patel Rishi R. , Grewal Udhayvir Singh , Xiong Yiqin , Fei Naomi 
Published: November 2024

AbstractCholangiocarcinoma is an aggressive malignancy arising from the biliary tract epithelium with rising incidence and mortality. Imaging commonly used for diagnostic workup includes computed tomography (CT) scan and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). Fluorine-18 fluorodeoxyglucose positron emission tomography (FDG PET) scans can be used for investigating equivocal findings on radiographic imaging. Prostate-specific membrane antigen (PSMA) is known to be highly expressed in prostate adenocarcinoma, allowing it to be leveraged as a target for both imaging and radioligand therapy in prostate cancer. However, PSMA is also commonly expressed in other malignancies such as breast cancer, thyroid carcinomas, and head and neck malignancies, which increase the chances of their incidental diagnosis on PSMA PET scans. Biliary tract cancers, including cholangiocarcinoma, are not commonly expected to be incidentally diagnosed on PSMA PET imaging. Here, we describe the case of a patient with known prostate adenocarcinoma who was later incidentally diagnosed with advanced intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma on PSMA PET/computed tomography (CT). This case highlights the unexpected finding of cholangiocarcinoma on PSMA PET/CT and suggests further investigation into the role of PSMA PET in diagnosing ambiguous cases of cholangiocarcinoma and its potential theranostic applications.
Engaging children in activities and interactions
Authors: Masson Caroline , Bertin Tiphanie , Martel Karine , Salazar Orvig Anne , da Silva-Genest Christine , Chartier Eloïse 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
In early childhood education and care (ECEC), children do not
participate in the same way and to the same extent in various kinds of
interactions. One of the challenges for educators is to succeed in involving
every child in the proposed activities, thereby enabling them to benefit from
these experiences for language acquisition. The present exploratory study was
conducted through video recordings of educator-child interactions in French
ECEC contexts. The analysis focused on sequences where one or more children
either withdrew or stayed in the background of the ongoing activities. The
sequences were categorised according to the type of activity, the educators’
language strategies, and their outcomes in terms of the children’s
participation. By focusing on the role and impact of language practices, our
discussion re-examines the notion of involvement/engagement, its achievements in
ECEC, and the effects of the educators’ moves on child involvement.
Trace-free Einstein gravity as two interacting constrained BF theories
Authors: Montesinos Merced , Gonzalez Diego 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
A theory of gravity alternative to general relativity is trace-free Einstein gravity, which has the remarkable property that the cosmological constant emerges as an integration constant. In this paper, we report two fully diffeomorphism-invariant actions for trace-free Einstein gravity. They describe the theory as two BF theories supplemented with some constraints. The first action comprises two copies of the constrained BF theory for the Husain–Kuchař model plus an interaction term involving the fields that impose the constraints on the B fields. The second action employs two copies of the chiral Plebanski action for general relativity plus an additional constraint. Both actions use complex variables, and naturally include one of the reality conditions imposed in the Plebanski formulation of general relativity. The new actions have the advantage of not involving any nondynamical fields or unimodular condition, and their only gravitational sector is trace-free Einstein gravity.
Stability analysis and improvement of the covariant BSSN formulation against the FLRW spacetime background
Authors: Hoshino Hidetomo , Tsuchiya Takuya , Yoneda Gen 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
In this study, we investigate the numerical stability of the covariant Baumgarte–Shapiro–Shibata–Nakamura (cBSSN) formulation against the Friedmann–Lemaitre–Robertson–Walker spacetime. To evaluate the numerical stability, we calculate the constraint amplification factor by the eigenvalue analysis of the evolution of the constraint. We propose a modification to the time evolution equations of the cBSSN formulation for higher numerical stability. Furthermore, we perform numerical simulations using the modified formulation to confirm its improved stability.
Nonlinearity helps the convergence of the inverse Born series
Authors: DeFilippis Nicholas , Moskow Shari , Schotland John C 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
In previous work of the authors, we investigated the Born and inverse Born series for a scalar wave equation with linear and nonlinear terms, the nonlinearity being cubic of Kerr type (DeFilippis et al 2023 Inverse Problems
39 125015). We reported conditions which guarantee convergence of the inverse Born series, enabling recovery of the coefficients of the linear and nonlinear terms. In this work, we show that if the coefficient of the linear term is known, an arbitrarily strong Kerr nonlinearity can be reconstructed, for sufficiently small data. Additionally, we show that similar convergence results hold for general polynomial nonlinearities. Our results are illustrated with numerical examples.
Photoluminescence intensity enhancement of nanorod micro-LEDs via localized surface plasmon coupling
Authors: Du Zaifa , Fang Aoqi , Tang Penghao , Fan Xinmin , Sun Jie , Guo Weiling , Wang Yan , Zhang Jianxin 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
Nano-light-emitting diodes (LEDs) are ideal for ultra-high resolution displays due to their small size and high pixel density. However, traditional photolithography techniques fall short in meeting the requirements for nanoscale LED fabrication. Besides, as the size decreases and the specific surface area increases, non-radiative recombination generated by sidewalls defects becomes a significant issue, affecting the efficiency of nano-LEDs. To address this challenge, a nano-LED array with a single nanorod size of 800 nm was fabricated in this work by using nanosphere lithography and etching technology. Meanwhile, localized surface plasmons (LSPs) coupling technology was employed to enhance the PL efficiency of these nano-LEDs. By comparing with bare nano-LEDs, the PL intensity was boosted by about 43% and 129% when Ag and Ag@SiO2 nanoparticles were added separately. The existence of LSPs coupling process has been further confirmed through time-resolved photoluminescence measurement and finite element simulation analysis of different samples. The results provide compelling evidence for the LSPs coupling technology in enhancing the efficiency of nanoscale LEDs.
Finite-frequency noise, Fano factor, ΔT-noise and cross-correlations in double quantum dots
Authors: Crépieux A , Duong T Q , Lavagna M 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
A theoretical study on electrical current fluctuations in a double quantum dot connected to electronic reservoirs is presented, with the aim of deriving the finite-frequency noise, the Fano factor and the ΔT-noise. We establish a general expression for the noise in terms of Green functions in the double quantum dot and self-energies in the reservoirs. This result is then applied to model double quantum dots in various situations. For a non-interacting double quantum dot, we highlight several interesting features in the physical properties of this system. In particular, we demonstrate the possibility of obtaining a significant reduction in zero-frequency noise and Fano factor either when the system is placed in a given operating regime, or when a temperature gradient is applied between the two reservoirs, resulting in a negative ΔT-noise being generated. In addition, in the vicinity of honeycomb vertices, a sign change is observed in the finite-frequency cross-correlator between the two reservoirs, in contrast to what is obtained for the zero-frequency cross-correlator, which remains negative throughout the

(

ε
1

,

ε
2

)

-plane,

ε

1
,
2

being the level energies in each of the two dots. By using an approximate first-level numerical approach, we finally study how the finite-frequency noise in a double quantum dot evolves under the influence of Coulomb interactions.