bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Physical Agents for Cancer Survivors: An Updated Literature Review
Authors: Wilson Ann , Ensign Gentry , Flyte Kathryn , Moore Michael , Ratliff Katelyn 
Published: July 2018

Background:
A 2001 review by Lucinda Pfalzer, PT, PhD, titled, “Physical Agents/Modalities for Survivors of Cancer,” was the first to examine the safety and efficacy of physical agent use for individuals with cancer. The agents included in that review were those predominantly used in clinical practice at that time. As the physical therapy profession has evolved, the use of some physical agents has changed.

Purpose:
The purpose of this literature review was to update Pfalzer's original work and to discuss the contemporary use of physical agents as part of a comprehensive rehabilitation program for individuals with cancer.

Methods:
A comprehensive review of literature published between 2001 and 2016 regarding the safety, efficacy, and use of physical agents was conducted. Information was extracted, and the findings were compared with the original article.

Results:
Much of the information in Pfalzer's review remains unchanged; however, new agents such as low-level laser and scrambler therapy have emerged. The safety, use, and efficacy of those agents are described.

Limitations:
The literature search focused only on articles written in English. Therefore, information regarding contemporary use of physical agents in other countries may have been missed.

Conclusions:
No new evidence was found for many of the physical agents described by Pfalzer. This may be due to the reluctance of clinicians to use physical agents on patients with cancer because of possible adverse effects or because physical agents are not as widely used now as in the past.
Occurrence of Peroneal Neuropathy in Oncology Patients: A Systematic Review
Authors: Jesse Mary 
Published: July 2018

Background:
Many patients may experience signs and symptoms of neuropathy during oncology treatment. One source of issues may be common peroneal neuropathy.

Objective:
To evaluate the incidence of common peroneal neuropathy among cancer survivors and identify factors that may predispose a patient to this complication.

Methods:
Electronic databases PubMed, PEDro (Physiotherapy Evidence Database), and CENTRAL (Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials) were systematically searched from January 2007 to March 2017. All types of studies, data collections, and review articles were included in the adult population. Because of the limited data available on this topic, articles were not excluded on quality.

Results:
Nine articles describing peroneal neuropathy in the oncology population were included in the review. Two of the studies analyzed patient-specific data regarding patients presenting with peroneal neuropathy, 3 were case study reports, and 4 articles were written as review articles. Data were presented on the common factors that have been identified in this group.

Limitations:
Limited data is available on the occurrence of common peroneal neuropathy in the oncology population. More research is needed to draw better conclusions.

Conclusions:
Current information on the incidence of common peroneal neuropathy in cancer survivors has not been established. Although several mechanisms predisposing a patient to issues with nerve transmission may exist, the primary common factor identified in the occurrence of peroneal neuropathy in the oncology population in this review was weight loss related to a decrease in adipose tissue protecting the common peroneal nerve at the fibular head. Further support was given for compression due to leg crossing. Identification of these risk factors may assist the clinician to help prevent this problem.
Indocyanine Green Demonstrating Positive Anatomical Changes 1 Year After Initiation of Conservative Therapy for Lymphedema: A Case Report
Authors: Little Amy , Bowen Mindy , Chen Wei F. 
Published: July 2018

Introduction:
Lymphedema is the abnormal accumulation of protein-rich fluid due to a damaged or insufficient lymphatic system. Lymphatic vessels can be mapped using indocyanine green (ICG). The purpose of this case report is to demonstrate anatomical changes after 1 year of conservative care as demonstrated through ICG for the first time to the authors' knowledge.

Case Description:
The patient was a 53-year-old woman who reported a 7-year history of left lower extremity swelling. She completed a short course of physical therapy elsewhere and wore a thigh-high compression garment of 20 to 30 mm Hg. She noted worsening of swelling over time and no longer got resolution of swelling with elevation. She presented to a multidisciplinary clinic for further evaluation and treatment.

Objective Findings:
The patient completed ICG lymphography demonstrating bilateral disease states in her lower extremities: Campisi stage II with lymphographic stage IV in the right lower extremity and lymphographic stage V in the left lower extremity. Bioimpedance scores, body mass index (BMI), and circumferential measurements were documented as well.

Interventions:
The patient underwent physical therapy including manual lymphatic drainage (MLD), increasing compression garment to 30 to 40 mm Hg, beginning use of a compression pump at home, exercise, and instructing the patient in self-MLD. There were 6 treatment sessions over a 3-month period.

Assessment:
At 1-year follow-up, the patient had positive changes in her bioimpedance scores, circumferential measurements, BMI, and ICG lymphography studies. Her ICG lymphography demonstrated increased “linear” patterns instead of diffuse or stardust patterns, suggesting improved lymphographic staging.

Discussion:
These findings imply that conservative therapies positively affect anatomy and physiology in a compromised lymphatic system after 1 year, allowing the system to work more effectively. These changes indicate lymphangiogensis, recanalization, or tissue recovery, but a causal relationship cannot be drawn at this time. These conservative therapies include complex decongestive therapy (MLD, compression, exercise) and weight loss.
Self-care in Female Cancer Survivors With Secondary Lymphedema: Characteristics of Women Needing Support to Perform Self-care
Authors: Lindquist Helene , Nyberg Tommy 
Published: July 2018

Purpose:
The purpose with this cross-sectional study was to investigate performance of self-care in female cancer survivors with secondary lymphedema and to investigate characteristics of the survivors related to frequency of self-care.

Methods:
Eighty-three women with upper (83%) or lower (17%) extremity secondary lymphedema were included. Frequency of self-care of their lymphedema and, in total, 23 sociodemographic, clinical, and individual characteristics were analyzed in relation to the outcomes “do self-care at home,” “do self-care at work,” “can take care of their lymphoedema,” and “self-care helps.”

Results:
Fifty-seven percent of women performed self-care at home and 12% at work at least every day; 43% thought that self-care helped. Women with low well-being (odds ratio [OR] = 4.5; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.7-11.7), not accepting their body (OR = 3.9; 95% CI, 1.0-15.3), and with ethnicities other than Swedish (OR = 5.3; 95% CI, 1.1-25.6) were more likely to perform self-care seldom. The characteristics depressed mood (R = −0.23), anxious mood (R = −0.14), low self-esteem (R = 0.3), and low quality of sleep (R = 0.2) were related to a lower frequency of performance of self-care.

Conclusions:
Almost 60% of women performed self-care every day. At risk for not taking care of themselves with self-care were women with low well-being, difficulties accepting their body, or ethnicities other than Swedish, which implicate identification and extra support to women with such characteristics.
Cancer Survivors Awaiting Rehabilitation Rarely Meet Recommended Physical Activity Levels: An Observational Study
Authors: Dennett Amy M. , Peiris Casey L. , Shields Nora , Prendergast Luke A. , Taylor Nicholas F. 
Published: July 2018

Objective:
We aimed to describe physical activity levels and identify factors associated with physical activity of cancer survivors awaiting oncology rehabilitation.

Methods:
A pilot observational study evaluating physical activity levels of 49 cancer survivors referred to outpatient rehabilitation was assessed using accelerometers worn continuously for 6 days. Multiple linear regression analyses were completed to identify factors associated with physical activity. Variables included demographic factors (cancer type, treatment, body mass index), physical factors (walking capacity, physical performance), and psychological factors (anxiety).

Results:
Four participants achieved recommended physical activity levels. Participants recorded an average of 12 minutes (SD = 12) of daily moderate-intensity activity. Walking capacity had the strongest independent association with physical activity (P < .001). A 10-m increase in distance in the 6-Minute Walk Test was associated with a 7% improvement in physical activity. Breast cancer diagnosis (P = .005), increased anxiety (P = .007), and lower body mass index (P = .014) were also independently associated with high physical activity. The final model explained 70.5% of the variance in physical activity levels (P ≤ .001).

Conclusion:
Few cancer survivors awaiting rehabilitation achieve recommended physical activity levels. Factors associated with low levels of physical activity such as reduced walking capacity may be modified by oncology rehabilitation.
Arthroscopic Capsulolabral Reconstruction for Posterior Shoulder Instability Is Successful in Adolescent Athletes
Authors: McClincy Michael P. , Arner Justin W. , Thurber Laura , Bradley James P. 
Published: July 2018

Background:
Posterior shoulder instability is an increasingly common pathology recognized in athletes. Adolescent athletes are especially at risk for this condition due to the widespread participation in numerous sports, including both overhead throwing and collision activities. Little data are available regarding surgical outcomes in these athletes with only a single small case series (N=25) currently published.

Methods:
In total, 68 athletes (82 shoulders) with unidirectional posterior shoulder instability were treated with arthroscopic posterior capsulolabral reconstruction and underwent an evaluation at a mean of 36 months postoperatively. The average age for our cohort was 17.2 years (range, 14 to 19 y), with 66 males (80%) and 16 females (20%). A total of 55 athletes (67%) participated in contact sports and 32 athletes (39%) participated in overhead throwing. Thirty athletes (37%) participated in multiple sports. Preoperative and postoperative outcomes data were retrospectively reviewed, and included the American Shoulder and Elbow Surgeons (ASES) shoulder score, subjective stability score, strength, range of motion, and return-to-play status. Intraoperative findings and methods of fixation were also recorded.

Results:
Mean ASES score improved from 48.6 to 85.7 (P<0.001) after surgery. There were also significant improvements in stability, pain, and functional scores after surgery. Contact, throwing, and multisport athletes all showed similar scores at preoperative and follow-up timepoints, and no differences were noted between these athlete groups for any patient-reported outcome measure. Female athletes tended to have significantly lower preoperative and postoperative ASES scores, specifically within the pain domain when compared with males. With regard to the method of internal fixation, patients who underwent capsulolabral plications with suture anchors showed a trend toward greater improvement in ASES scores which did not reach statistical significance. Overall, 89% of athletes were able to return to competition, with 71% returning to their preinjury level of play. In total, 8.5% of athletes failed their initial surgical procedure with continued pain or instability that required revision surgery.

Conclusions:
Arthroscopic capsulolabral reconstruction is a reliable treatment for unidirectional posterior shoulder instability in an adolescent population, and does well for athletes involved in a variety of sporting activities.

Level of Evidence:
Level IV—case series.
A Comparison of Energy Expenditure Across 3 Gaming Platforms Using an Activity-Based Dance Game
Authors: Powers Matthew M. , Henning Daniel L. , Stafford Christian P. , Eason Jane M. 
Published: July 2018

Background:
Obesity rates have continued to increase and much of this increase is due to physical inactivity. One of the major contributors to physical inactivity is excessive participation in sedentary activities such as playing video games. However, game developers recently have begun developing more active gaming and many of these games are available across a variety of gaming systems. With several platforms available for active video gaming, there is limited research comparing differences in energy expenditure (EE) across the different devices.

Objective:
The purpose of this study was to compare EE and heart rate (HR) responses while playing an activity-based dance game on the Xbox Kinect, Playstation Move, and Nintendo Wii.

Design:
This was a repeated-measures study design.

Methods:
Fifty-one participants played Just Dance 3 on each system for 15 minutes per session in a randomized order. Energy expenditure in kilocalories per minute was estimated using a triaxial accelerometer, and HR in beats per minute was measured with a HR belt monitor.

Results:
Participants burned significantly more kilocalories on the Kinect compared with the Playstation and the Wii. There was no significant difference in EE between the Playstation and the Wii. As regards average HR, the Kinect resulted in a higher HR compared with the Playstation and the Wii. There was no difference in HR response between the Playstation and Wii.

Conclusions:
This study demonstrates that the Kinect is the best gaming platform for promoting higher EE and HR when playing an activity-based dance game.
Concurrent Validity of Daily Activity Data From Medtronic ICD/CRT Devices and the Actigraph GT3X Triaxial Accelerometer: A Pilot Study
Authors: Shoemaker Michael J. , Cartwright Kelly , Hanson Kim , Serba Deb , Dickinson Michael G. , Kowalk Amy 
Published: July 2018

Purpose:
The purpose of this pilot study was to examine the concurrent validity of daily activity data from Medtronic implantable cardioverter defibrillator (ICD) and cardiac resynchronization therapy (CRT) devices and the Actigraph GT3X triaxial accelerometer in patients with heart failure (HF).

Methods:
Analysis of the first 16 subjects with HF completing 3-month follow-up in a randomized trial with a secondary purpose to examine concurrent validity of Medtronic ICD/CRT device-based daily activity and the following Actigraph GT3X parameters: hours of activity per day, activity counts, and steps per day. Daily activity data were measured at baseline and 3-month follow-up and analyzed using Pearson correlation coefficients to measure intraindividual correlations and Bland–Altman plots to examine agreement between devices.

Results:
Moderate-to-strong, statistically significant correlations were found between the Medtronic ICD/CRT and Actigraph GT3X devices for all parameters measured. The Bland–Altman plots revealed approximately 0.80 hours less activity per day measured by the Medtronic ICD/CRT compared with the Actigraph GT3X. Strong agreement for the 7-day average and moderate-to-strong agreement for all daily observations for hours of activity per day was found between both devices. Similarly, there was moderate-to-strong agreement for change in hours of activity and steps per day between baseline and 3-month follow-up.

Conclusions:
The Medtronic ICD/CRT devices seem to be a sufficiently accurate, responsive measure of daily activity in patients with HF when compared with the Actigraph GT3X.
Associations of Constructs of Transtheoretical Model With Physical Activity Behavior Among Individuals With Essential Hypertension
Authors: Maruf Fatai Adesina , Umunnah Joseph Onuwa , Akindele Mukadas Oyeniran 
Published: July 2018

Background:
There is a dearth of studies on transtheoretical model (TTM) in relation to physical activity (PA) behavior among individuals with hypertension. This study explored the TTM in relation to PA behavior among Nigerians with essential hypertension.

Methods:
This cross-sectional survey involved 299 individuals with hypertension from teaching hospitals. Information on sociodemographics, constructs of TTM for PA, and PA level of participants was collected.

Results:
Cognitive process of change (PoC) (β = 67.90 [34.74–101.06]; P < .001) was a predictor of walking PA, and accounted for 14% of the prediction. Predictors of moderate-intensity PA were cognitive PoC (β = 239.98 [135.53–344.44]; P < .001), stage of change (SoC) (β = 991.69 [391.67–1591.71]; P = .001), and behavioral PoC (β = −139.81 [−249.77 to −29.85]; P = .01), with cognitive PoC accounting for 26% of the 36% prediction. Age (β = −179.91 [−265.81 to −94.02]; P < .001), cognitive PoC (β = 96.32 [20.73–171.91]; P = .01), and perceived barrier to PA (β = −168.81 [−327.85 to −9.77]; P = .04) were predictors of vigorous-intensity PA, with age accounting for 20% of the 33% prediction. Predictors of overall PA were cognitive PoC (β = 324.03 [194.77–453.29]; P < .001) and age (β = −239.09 [−449.04 to −137.14]; P < .001), with cognitive PoC accounting for 25% of the 34% prediction.

Conclusions:
Cognitive PoC of TTM is an independent predictor of PA behavior and may be vitally important in PA behavior change in hypertensive individuals.
Vital Signs Before Preemployment and Functional Testing: An Observational Study
Authors: Daley Deirdre , Miller Margot , Collins Sean 
Published: July 2018

Purpose:
To test the impact of pretest blood pressure (BP) and heart rate (HR) screening criteria used to determine risk of adverse events (AEs) during preemployment functional testing for jobs in the “medium” to “very heavy” physical demand categories.

Methods:
Retrospective analysis of functional testing data collected from 2005 to 2012 at 990 regional service clinics for 37 employers on job applicants from 16,511 zip codes across all the US states and the District of Columbia.

Results:
Data on 269,527 subjects demonstrate that failure rates [99% CIs] for BP screening criteria based on general health risk (GHR) are much higher when compared with screening criteria–based risk of AEs during testing. Using systolic BP and diastolic BP, first trial failure rate (% [99% CI]) increased from 1.74 [1.66, 1.78] when based on AE to 39.31 [39.07, 39.55] when based on GHR. Of subjects that took the functional test but failed GHR screening criteria (MAP ≥ 106 mm Hg), 27.18% [26.73, 27.63] failed functional testing and no subjects experienced an AE during the functional testing.

Conclusions:
Screening criteria based on GHR intended to be predictive of future disease risk is too stringent as a screening criteria for preemployment functional testing and may unduly penalize job applicants by delaying the opportunity for functional preemployment testing. Further work is needed to identify safe boundaries and risk factors of an AE during functional testing besides use of isolated vital signs such as BP and HR.
Clinical Reasoning and Collaboration for Functional Mobility and Ambulation Under Multiple Conditions of Concurrent CentriMag Ventricular Assistive Devices: A Case Report
Authors: Lammers Kerry J. , Shumock K , Ricard P. E. H. 
Published: July 2018

Background:
The CentriMag Extracorporeal Blood Pumping System is an effective means of temporary ventricular support for patients acutely decompensating from cardiac shock. Out-of-bed activities are not currently recommended by the manufacturer, leaving patients functionally limited and restricted to the intensive care unit (ICU).

Purpose:
This report aims to describe progression of functional mobility and ambulation with CentriMag ventricular assist device (VAD) equipment using appropriate clinical reasoning and multidisciplinary collaboration.

Methods:
Functional mobility activities were initiated on the first physical therapy (PT) session and progressed throughout the length of stay and included sit–stand transfers, bed–chair transfers, standing activities, and ambulation.

Outcomes:
The patient remained in the cardiovascular surgical ICU for 30 days and received PT for 13 total treatment sessions with 4 different physical therapists without adverse events. Out-of-bed activities were performed during all 13 PT sessions and the average session duration was 49.8 minutes. Ambulation was documented on 9/13 sessions and on the days the patient ambulated, and the average distance was approximately 183 feet. The patient was seen on 7 occasions with biventricular assist device CentriMag devices and 6 occasions with the concurrent CentriMag right VAD–HeartMate II left VAD.

Discussion:
As the technology and scope of application for VADs continues to progress, it is imperative that the acute care PT understands the complexities, risks, and benefits of functional mobility in critically ill patients.

Conclusion:
This report suggests that mobilization with CentriMag devices is feasible, without adverse events, using appropriate clinical decision-making, and suggests that patients who ambulate under multiple conditions of CentriMag VADs may demonstrate functional improvements.
Feasibility of Supramaximal Verification of Peak Oxygen Uptake of a Graded Maximal Treadmill Test in Adults With Intellectual Disability
Authors: Weterings Stijn , Takken Tim , Hilgenkamp Thessa I. M. 
Published: July 2018

Purpose:
To determine the feasibility of aerobic capacity measurement (V̇o
2max) of adults (18–50 years) with an intellectual disability (ID) through supramaximal verification.

Methods:
A cross-sectional observational design was used that consisted of 2 sessions. Before testing, a 3-step familiarization process was performed (session 1), after which the V̇o
2peak of a graded maximal treadmill test (GXTT) (V̇o
2peakGXTT) and a supramaximal exercise test (SET) (V̇o
2peakSET) were measured (session 2). The feasibility parameters used in this study were completion rate (based on the criteria for maximal effort), agreement between the V̇o
2peakGXTT and the V̇o
2peakSET (through intraclass correlation coefficient [ICCagreement]) and acceptance (through a custom-made questionnaire).

Results:
Twelve participants performed the measurement procedure. The completion rate was 75% and the ICCagreement was 0.99 (P < .001). The questionnaire showed that the measuring procedure was acceptable for the participants.

Conclusions:
This study demonstrated that it appears feasible to perform a maximal treadmill test (GXTT) followed by a SET for adults with ID. Therefore, it can be possible to verify the V̇o
2peak of the GXTT as a true V̇o
2max in adults with an ID.