bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Sequential medium with GH and IGF‐1 improved in vitro development of bovine preantral follicles enclosed in ovarian tissue
Authors: Jimenez Carolina Rodriguez , de Azevedo Jovana Luiza , Ciro Alexandre Alves Torres , Penitente‐Filho Jurandy Mauro , Gonçalves Wagner Gonzaga 
Published: June 2018

AbstractThe growth hormone (GH) and growth insulin‐like factor‐1 (IGF‐1) act directly upon the regulation and growth in the different phases of preantral follicles. Thus, it is necessary to define their sequentiality until the in vitro preovulatory development. Therefore, the study aimed to assess the effects of a sequential medium containing GH and/or IGF‐1 in the long‐duration in vitro culture of preantral ovarian follicles. Ovarian fragments were cultivated: first half (days 1–7), second half (days 7–14) or during 14 culture days. Treatments were identified as: αMEM+; GH → IGF‐1; IGF‐1 → GH and GH + IGF‐1. The culture was designed in 24‐well plates, in an incubator at 37°C and 5% CO2. The parameters of normality, viability, follicles (primordial/in developing) and follicle diameter were evaluated. In addition, the ultrastructure was confirmed with electron transmission microscopy. The results showed that the culture treated with GH → IGF‐1 kept the follicular normality and the viability until the 14th day of culture and increased both in the follicular development until 7th day and in the follicular diameter until 14th day, when compared to the control. The treatments IGF‐1 → GH and GH + IGF‐1 were not effective in the developing and follicular diameter after 7 days of culture, and also reduced the percentage of viability. It is concluded that the bovine preantral follicles cultured in the sequential medium treated with GH → IGF‐1 improved the follicular development until the first half of the culture and kept these parameters with normality, viability and ultrastructure until the second half of the in vitro culture.
Equine foetal gender determination in mid‐ to late gestational mares: A practical inquiry
Authors: Van de Velde Margot , Roels Kim , Ververs Cyrillus , Gerits Ilse , Govaere Jan 
Published: June 2018

AbstractIn recent years, the interest in equine foetal gender determination (FGD) during gestation increased remarkably. Ultrasonographic FGD can be performed in two different periods during gestation. The earliest examination can take place at a gestational age of 60–70 days, whereby the genital tubercle is used to differentiate between male and female foeti. The time window of the second approach is wider (120–210 days), and there are more characteristics to take into consideration. In this article, the feasibility and accuracy of ultrasonographic FGD in mid‐ to late gestation are evaluated. One hundred twenty‐one mares from different breeds with a pregnancy stage between 120 and 270 days were examined once, using B‐scale ultrasonography (Esaote MyLab™ClassC). None of the mares were sedated nor shaved, and the procedure was completed within 15 min. Diagnosis was firstly based on the gonads. The final judgement was made based on all visible foetal reproductive organs. In three cases with a pregnancy stage beyond 257 days, FGD was not possible. All of the examined mares in which a FGD could be performed gave birth to a healthy foal. In 98% of the examinations (116/118), the diagnosis was correctly made. In both cases of misdiagnosis, only one characteristic was seen during the procedure and wrongly interpreted. Beyond 210 days of pregnancy, the extremities can preclude a good visualization of the inguinal region. In conclusion, equine FGD in mid‐ to late gestation is an accessible and accurate technique, although a good ultrasound device is a prerequisite and experience and expertise is necessary.
Efficacy of using previously used controlled internal drug release (CIDR) insert on the reproductive performance, hormone profiles and economic measures of sheep
Authors: Swelum Ayman Abdel‐Aziz , Saadeldin Islam M. , Moumen Abdullah F. , Ali Mohamed A. , Ba‐Awadh Hany , Alowaimer Abdullah N. 
Published: June 2018

AbstractThis study was conducted using 120 multiparous Awassi ewes during the breeding season to compare the effects of using previously used controlled internal drug release (CIDR) on the hormone profiles, reproductive performance and economic measures of ewes. Ewes were randomized to receive one of five previously used CIDR (previously used for 6, 12, 18, 24 or 30 days) or the new CIDR as a control for 6 days (CIDR6, CIDR12, CIDR18, CIDR24, CIDR30, and CIDR0 [control], respectively). Blood samples were collected on four occasions, at the time of CIDR insertion, after 3 days of insertion, and at the time of withdrawal and insemination. Serum estradiol (E2) and progesterone (P4) concentrations were measured. Timed insemination was performed 48 hr post‐CIDR withdrawal. Pregnancy was diagnosed by ultrasonography 23 days after insemination and confirmed on day 35. The heat detection rate was significantly (p < 0.05) higher in the CIDR0 and CIDR6 groups than in the CIDR18 and CIDR30 groups. The total pregnancy rate and fecundity were significantly (p < 0.05) higher in the CIDR6 group than in other groups. P4 level was significantly (p < 0.05) higher in the CIDR0 group than in the CIDR30 group at the time of removal. At each time point, the E2 level was significantly (p < 0.05) higher in the CIDR6 group than at the other groups. The total variable cost, total cost, return and net profit were higher in the CIDR6 and CIDR0 groups than in the other groups. In conclusion, although previously used CIDRs are efficient at synchronizing oestrus in ewes, the duration of previously usage significantly affected the reproductive parameters and economic profit. CIDRs previously used for 6 days and new CIDRs provided the highest fertility and fecundity rates, besides return and net profit. Economically, it is not advisable to use CIDRs that previously used for 12 days or more.
The past and the present through phylogenetic analysis: the rove beetle tribeOthiini now and 99 Ma
Authors: Kypke Janina L. , Solodovnikov Alexey , Brunke Adam , Yamamoto Shûhei , Żyła Dagmara 
Published: June 2018

AbstractIn order to classify and taxonomically describe the first two fossil Othiini (Coleoptera: Staphylinidae: Staphylininae) species from three well‐preserved specimens in Cretaceous Burmese amber, a phylogenetic analysis was conducted, combining extant and extinct taxa. A dataset of 76 morphological characters scored for 33 recent species across the subfamilies Staphylininae and Paederinae was analysed using maximum parsimony and Bayesian inference methods. The many differing phylogenetic hypotheses for higher‐level relationships in the large rove beetle subfamilies Staphylininae and Paederinae were summarized and their hitherto known fossil record was reviewed. Based on the analyses, the new extinct genusVetatrecusgen.n.is described with two new species:V. adelfiaesp.n.andV. secretumsp.n.Both species share character states that easily distinguish them from all recent Othiini and demonstrate a missing morphological link between subfamilies Staphylininae and Paederinae. This is the first morphology‐based evidence for the paraphyly of Staphylininae with respect to Paederinae, suggested earlier by two independent molecular‐based phylogenies of recent taxa. Our newly discovered stem lineage of Othiini stresses the importance of fossils in phylogenetic analyses conducted with the aim of improving the natural classification of extant species. It also suggests that the definitions of Staphylininae and Paederinae, long‐established family‐group taxa, may have to be reconsidered.This published work has been registered in ZooBank,http://zoobank.org/urn:lsid:zoobank.org:pub:817F39C4-F36B-4FD9-96CD-5F8FB064C39E.
Evolution of a secondary metabolic pathway from primary metabolism: shikimate and quinate biosynthesis in plants
Authors: Carrington Yuriko , Guo Jia , Le Cuong H. , Fillo Alexander , Kwon Junsu , Tran Lan T. , Ehlting Jürgen 
Published: June 2018

SummaryThe shikimate pathway synthesizes aromatic amino acids essential for protein biosynthesis. Shikimate dehydrogenase (SDH) is a central enzyme of this primary metabolic pathway, producing shikimate. The structurally similar quinate is a secondary metabolite synthesized by quinate dehydrogenase (QDH). SDH and QDH belong to the same gene family, which diverged into two phylogenetic clades after a defining gene duplication just prior to the angiosperm/gymnosperm split. Non‐seed plants that diverged before this duplication harbour only a single gene of this family. Extant representatives from the chlorophytes (Chlamydomonas reinhardtii), bryophytes (Physcomitrella patens) and lycophytes (Selaginella moellendorfii) encoded almost exclusively SDH activity in vitro. A reconstructed ancestral sequence representing the node just prior to the gene duplication also encoded SDH activity. Quinate dehydrogenase activity was gained only in seed plants following gene duplication. Quinate dehydrogenases of gymnosperms, represented here by Pinus taeda, may be reminiscent of an evolutionary intermediate since they encode equal SDH and QDH activities. The second copy in P. taeda maintained specificity for shikimate similar to the activity found in the angiosperm SDH sister clade. The codon for a tyrosine residue within the active site displayed a signature of positive selection at the node defining the QDH clade, where it changed to a glycine. Replacing the tyrosine with a glycine in a highly shikimate‐specific angiosperm SDH was sufficient to gain some QDH function. Thus, very few mutations were necessary to facilitate the evolution of QDH genes.
The effect of phenylephrine on cerebral perfusion when used to treat anesthesia-induced hypotension: a systematic review protocol
Authors: Larson Sandra Louise , Anderson Lori Rae , Thomson J. Scott 
Published: June 2018

Review question:
The question of this review is: What is the effect of intravenous phenylephrine on cerebral perfusion in adult patients when administered to treat anesthesia-induced hypotension?
Occupational therapy practice and patient/client participation in religious occupations: a scoping review protocol
Authors: Eyres Patricia , Birken Mary , Bannigan Katrina , Letherby Gayle 
Published: June 2018

Review objective
The objective of this scoping review is to identify and map information on how occupational therapists address their clients’ perceived and experienced barriers to participation in religious occupations as part of the occupational therapy intervention.
Specifically the review questions are:i) What are the conceptual understandings of religious practice as an occupational need?ii) What assessments, interventions and outcome measures do occupational therapists use concerning their patients’/clients’ participation in religious occupations?
Central line bundle maintenance among adults in a university hospital intensive care unit in São Paulo, Brazil: a best practice implementation project
Authors: Sichieri Karina , Iida Luciana Inaba Senyer , Menezes Isa Rodrigues da Silveira Cabral de , Garcia Paulo Carlos , Santos Talita Raquel , Peres Emília , Shimoda Gilcéria Tochika , Maia Flávia de Oliveira Motta , Secoli Silvia Regina , Püschel Vilanice Alves de Araújo 
Published: June 2018

ABSTRACT

Objectives:
This implementation project aimed to identify the current practice in regards to central venous catheters (CVCs) maintenance to improve knowledge amongst nursing staff and to assess increased compliance with evidence-based best practice.

Introduction:
Central venous catheters are considered an important therapeutic resource for the administration of fluids, drugs, blood, collection of blood samples and hemodynamic monitoring. Despite the benefits, catheter use is associated with complications such as primary infection of the catheter-related bloodstream.

Methods:
This project utilized the audit and feedback model using the Joanna Briggs Institute Practical Application of Clinical Evidence System. Nine of 10 criteria were audited through direct observation of nursing professionals or patient records in relation to CVC maintenance, and one criterion involved direct questioning of nursing staff. Baseline and follow-up audits were conducted in a 12-bed adult intensive care unit in a university hospital.

Results:
The baseline audit revealed deficits between current practice and best practice in some criteria. Barriers to implementation of CVC maintenance best practice criteria were identified, and the strategies were implemented. The post-implementation (follow-up) audit showed improvement in compliance to best practice guidelines in all of the audit criteria, except in one criterion: the use of sterile gloves or surgical tweezers during the execution of the dressing.

Conclusions:
Best practice in CVC care was achieved in the hospital, strengthening and guiding nursing care, as well as highlighting the importance of nursing records throughout the care process. However, this project highlighted the need to improve compliance through follow-up audits and periodic training to support best practice.
Intense physical exercise potentiates glucose inhibitory effect over food intake of male Wistar rats
Authors: Cavalcanti‐de‐Albuquerque João Paulo , Kincheski Grasielle Clotildes , Louzada Ruy Andrade , Galina Antônio , Pierucci Anna Paola Trindade Rocha , Carvalho Denise P. 
Published: June 2018

New Findings
What is the central question of this study?
How does an acute session of exercise affect food intake of male Wistar rats?

What is the main finding and its importance?
Food intake in male Wistar rats is decreased in the first hour after physical exercise independent of the intensity. Moreover, high‐intensity exercise potentiates the anorexic effect of peripheral glucose administration. This work raises new feeding‐related targets that would explain how exercise drives body weight loss.

AbstractObesity has emerged as a critical metabolic disorder in modern society. An adequate lifestyle with a well‐oriented programme of diet and physical exercise (PE) can prevent or potentially even cure obesity. Additionally, PE might lead to weight loss by increasing energy expenditure and decreasing hunger perception. In this article, we hypothesize that an acute exercise session would potentiate the glucose inhibitory effects on food intake in male Wistar rats. Our data show that moderate‐ or high‐intensity PE significantly decreased food intake, although no changes in the expression of feeding‐related neuropeptide in the arcuate nucleus of the hypothalamus were found. Exercised animals demonstrated a reduced glucose tolerance and increased blood insulin concentration. Intraperitoneal administration of glucose decreased food intake in control animals. In the animals submitted to moderate‐intensity PE, the decrease in food intake promoted by glucose was similar to controls; however, an interaction was observed when glucose was injected in the high‐intensity PE group, in which food intake was significantly lower than the effect produced by glucose alone. A different pattern of expression was observed for the monocarboxylate transporter isoforms (MCT1, 2 and 4) and 6‐phosphofructo‐2‐kinase/fructose‐2,6‐biphosphatase 3 (PFKFBP3) in the hypothalamus, which was dependent on the exercise intensity. In conclusion, PE decreases food intake independently of the intensity. However, an interaction between PE and the anorexic effect of glucose is only observed when a high‐intensity exercise is performed. These data show an essential role of exercise intensity in the modulation of the glucose inhibitory effect on food intake.
Waterway Suitability Assessment: Art and Science
Authors: Fediw Will 
Published: June 2018

The purpose of this paper is to briefly explain the Waterway Suitability Assessment (WSA) process required for U.S. liquefied natural gas (LNG) terminals, highlight the quantitative risk assessment tools utilized and how they work together to adequately assess the risks, and introduce qualitative best-practices to reduce review time and improve stakeholder collaboration and receptivity. As each maritime port has a different composition of commercial vessel traffic and operating practices, these tools and methods are combined to form a Risk-Based Approach, rather than a prescriptive assessment tool, ensuring a holistic understanding and mitigation plan concerning localized LNG transportation.
Paper published with permission.
Laboratory Testing of Safety Relief Valves
Authors: Kegel Thomas , Johansen William 
Published: June 2018

Industrial fluid handling and storage systems can experience excessive pressure resulting from process upsets. A catastrophic component failure can compromise personnel safety or damage property. A pressure relief valve (PRV) represents a common design element that allows material to be vented to reduce pressure and restore safe conditions. Obviously selecting the proper PRV requires specification of the relief pressure. Less obvious might be the requirement of confirming that the flowrate is adequate to vent the system volume.
Paper published with permission.
Manned Underwater Vehicles Operations Consensus Standard
Authors: Kohnen William 
Published: June 2018

The Manned Underwater Vehicles industry has evolved since the launch of DSV ALVIN in 1964 and the establishment of tourist passenger submersibles in the 1980’s and 1990’s. The emergence of the tourist passenger submersible sector in 1993 prompted the US Coast Guard to regulate commercial marine operations in the interest of public safety through NVIC 5-93. The rules were designed specifically for submersibles selling seats to members of the general public. To ensure public safety, the USCG helped define safeguards for those participants. Submersibles owned by the government, research institutions and corporations; or submersibles used for purposes other than selling rides to members of the general public, were not wholly addressed because growth in that sector was unforeseen. Almost 25 years after its release, the industry is regulated across all sectors of MUV operations by definitions established for the operation of a narrow segment of the industry, the tourism submersibles. However, construction over the past 23 years is 18% tourism submersibles, 8% government and 7% research. The remaining 67% of vessels, fall into an “other” category which does not have adequate definition. This white papers proposes that the Marine Technology Society committee on Manned Underwater Vehicles conduct a study for an updated Manned Underwater Vehicle Operations Safety Guideline with broad participation of the MUV stakeholders; International MUV industry members, Marine Technology Society, ASME PVHO, ABS, DNVGL, US Coast Guard and Navy. The challenge is to find the correct balance of regulatory control and commercial freedom to promote commercial growth while having a robust regulatory framework to manage the various concepts.
Paper published with permission.
Short-Term d-Aspartic Acid Supplementation Does Not Affect Serum Biomarkers Associated With the Hypothalamic–Pituitary–Gonadal Axis in Male Climbers
Authors: Crewther Blair , Witek Konrad , Draga Paweł , Zmijewski Piotr , Obmiński Zbigniew 
Published: June 2018

D-aspartic acid (DAA) is promoted as a testosterone (T) enhancing supplement by mechanisms involving the hypothalamic–pituitary–gonadal (HPG) axis. Here, we investigated the short-term effects of DAA on serum biomarkers of the HPG-axis in male climbers. Using a single-blinded, placebo-controlled design, 16 climbers were randomly assigned to either a DAA (3 g/day) or placebo (3 g/day) supplement for 2 weeks. The reverse treatment commenced after a 2-week washout, with all conditions administered in a balanced manner. The subjects maintained their normal weekly training across this study. Serum samples taken before and after each treatment were analyzed for T, luteinizing hormone, sex hormone binding globulin, and cortisol (C), and free T was calculated (cFT). The DAA supplement did not significantly affect serum T, cFT, and luteinizing hormone levels. Only a main effect of time on sex hormone binding globulin (6.8% increase) and C (13.6% decrease) emerged (p < .03). Significant negative associations were identified between pretest values and changes (%) in T, cFT, luteinizing hormone, and C levels with DAA and/or placebo, but these relationships did not differ between treatments (p > .46). Additional measures of physical function and serum hematology also failed to respond to DAA. In summary, a daily dose of DAA during a short training period did not influence T and selected indicators of the HPG-axis in male climbers. Other parameters linked to athletic performance and health status were also unaffected. Our findings support evidence showing that DAA (including DAA-blended supplements) at either recommended or higher dosages does not afford any ergogenic benefits for athletic males.
Discovery of Novel Bat Coronaviruses in South China That Use the Same Receptor as Middle East Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus
Authors: Luo Chu-Ming , Wang Ning , Yang Xing-Lou , Liu Hai-Zhou , Zhang Wei , Li Bei , Hu Ben , Peng Cheng , Geng Qi-Bin , Zhu Guang-Jian , Li Fang , Shi Zheng-Li 
Published: June 2018

ABSTRACT

Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus (MERS-CoV) has represented a human health threat since 2012. Although several MERS-related CoVs that belong to the same species as MERS-CoV have been identified from bats, they do not use the MERS-CoV receptor, dipeptidyl peptidase 4 (DPP4). Here, we screened 1,059 bat samples from at least 30 bat species collected in different regions in south China and identified 89 strains of lineage C betacoronaviruses, including
Tylonycteris pachypus coronavirus HKU4
,
Pipistrellus pipistrellus
coronavirus HKU5
, and MERS-related CoVs. We sequenced the full-length genomes of two positive samples collected from the great evening bat,
Ia io
, from Guangdong Province. The two genomes were highly similar and exhibited genomic structures identical to those of other lineage C betacoronaviruses. While they exhibited genome-wide nucleotide identities of only 75.3 to 81.2% with other MERS-related CoVs, their gene-coding regions were highly similar to their counterparts, except in the case of the spike proteins. Further protein-protein interaction assays demonstrated that the spike proteins of these MERS-related CoVs bind to the receptor DPP4. Recombination analysis suggested that the newly discovered MERS-related CoVs have acquired their spike genes from a DPP4-recognizing bat coronavirus HKU4. Our study provides further evidence that bats represent the evolutionary origins of MERS-CoV.

IMPORTANCE
Previous studies suggested that MERS-CoV originated in bats. However, its evolutionary path from bats to humans remains unclear. In this study, we discovered 89 novel lineage C betacoronaviruses in eight bat species. We provide evidence of a MERS-related CoV derived from the great evening bat that uses the same host receptor as human MERS-CoV. This virus also provides evidence for a natural recombination event between the bat MERS-related CoV and another bat coronavirus, HKU4. Our study expands the host ranges of MERS-related CoV and represents an important step toward establishing bats as the natural reservoir of MERS-CoV. These findings may lead to improved epidemiological surveillance of MERS-CoV and the prevention and control of the spread of MERS-CoV to humans.
Proteins Potentially Involved in Immune Evasion Strategies in
Sporothrix brasiliensis
Elucidated by Ultra-High-Resolution Mass Spectrometry
Authors: Rossato Luana , Moreno Leandro Ferreira , Jamalian Azadeh , Stielow Benjamin , de Almeida Sandro Rogério , de Hoog Sybren , Freeke Joanna 
Published: June 2018

Sporotrichosis is an important disease in Brazil that is caused by fungi of the genus
Sporothrix
and affects cats and humans. Our work investigated the proteins differentially expressed by
S. brasiliensis
in order to find out why this species is more virulent and pathogenic than
S. schenckii
. We verified a set of proteins that may be related to immune escape and that can explain the high virulence.