bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Complete revascularization versus culprit‐only revascularization in older adults with ST‐elevation myocardial infarction: Systematic review and meta‐analysis of randomized controlled trials
Authors: Park Dae Yong , Hu Jiun‐Ruey , Frampton Jennifer , Rymer Jennifer , Al Damluji Abdulla , Nanna Michael G. 
Published: December 2024

AbstractBackgroundRandomized controlled trials (RCTs) of complete revascularization (CR) versus culprit‐only revascularization (COR) in patients with ST‐elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI) have shifted the recommendation for CR from class III to class I in the AHA/ACC/SCAI guidelines, but it remains unclear if the benefit of CR over COR extends to older adults, who have greater bleeding risk, comorbidity burden, and complexity of lesions. We performed a meta‐analysis to place the results of the previous RCTs in the context of the recently published FIRE trial and the subgroup analysis of the COMPLETE trial in adults ≥75 years old.MethodsWe searched the literature from inception to October 21, 2023. RCTs of CR versus COR in STEMI were selected if it reported results for older adults, defined as either age > 65 years or > 75 years. Integrated hazard ratios (HRs) were calculated using random effects models. The primary outcome was major adverse cardiovascular events (MACE). Secondary outcomes were major bleeding and contrast‐associated acute kidney injury (CA‐AKI).ResultsIn this meta‐analysis of 5 RCTs including 3513 older adults, CR was associated with a lower hazard of MACE than COR (HR 0.60, 95% CI 0.37–0.99, p = 0.047). Sensitivity analysis including trials that defined older adults as age > 65 years resulted in a lower hazard of MACE with CR versus COR, but not in trials that defined older adults as age > 75 years. There was no difference in the hazard of major bleeding or CA‐AKI between CR and COR.ConclusionsIn this largest meta‐analysis to date investigating CR compared with COR in older adults with STEMI, CR was associated with reduced MACE without a concomitant increase in major bleeding or CA‐AKI compared with COR. These results can help cardiologists and geriatricians involved in shared decision‐making with patients and caregivers when contemplating whether to pursue CR in older adults.
Comparative study of emotional facial expression recognition among Prader–Willi syndrome subtypes
Authors: Perosanz A. , López‐Paz J. F. , Amayra I. , García M. , Martínez O. 
Published: December 2024

AbstractBackgroundPrader–Willi syndrome (PWS) is a congenital disease caused by a rare and generally non‐inherited genetic disorder. The inability to recognise facial expressions of emotion is an apparent social cognition deficit in people diagnosed with PWS. The main objective of the present study is to compare the ability to recognise emotional facial expression, in both non‐contextualised and contextualised scenarios, among the main subtypes of PWS and a control group.MethodsThe sample consisted of 46 children divided into three groups: deletion (n = 10), maternal uniparental disomy (mUPD) (n = 13) and control (n = 23). The protocol included the Facially Expressed Emotion Labeling and the Deusto‐e‐Motion 1.0.ResultsThe control group recognised facial emotions more accurately and quickly in both non‐contextualised and contextualised scenarios than children with PWS, regardless of genetic subtype. Despite no differences being detected between PWS subtypes when non‐contextualised scenarios were analysed, in contextualised situations, a longer reaction time was observed in children with the mUPD subtype.ConclusionsThis is the first study to assess the ability to recognise emotional facial expressions in contextualised situations among PWS subtypes and a control group. The findings suggest that some of the social cognitive deficits evidenced in children with mUPD PWS may be similar to those in autism spectrum disorder.
Risk factors contributing to interproximal contact loss between an implant crown and a natural tooth
Authors: Pappous George C. , Campbell Stephen , Goldstein Gary 
Published: December 2024

AbstractPurposeInterproximal contact loss (ICL) is considered a prevalent complication for a tooth abutting an implant restoration. While numerous potential causes for ICL have been presented, there is no consensus. A review of the current literature with a focus on possible risk factors was performed.Materials and MethodsA PubMed search using keywords “implant OR dental implants OR implant supported prosthesis AND proximal contact loss OR ICL OR loss of interproximal contact OR open contact OR interproximal open contact OR adjacent natural teeth” resulted in 81 citations, 9 of which were relevant to the focus question. Additional references were culled from the reference lists in the identified articles. Systematic reviews, case series, and case reports were reviewed with a focus on causation, association, or correlation.ResultsEight systematic reviews and 14 case series were reviewed. The prevalence of ICL has been reported to be as low as 16% and as high as 66%. ICL was more common on the mesial side of implants and when a tooth abuts a splinted implant restoration. The absence of a uniform definition to accurately describe an interproximal (IP) contact and an open IP contact is demonstrated in the literature. A lack of standardized measurement strategies that relate to a needed consensus definition further exacerbates the broad range of reported results regarding ICL. The lack of controls for almost all the ICL literature makes it difficult to draw conclusions and comparisons to unrestored, natural tooth IP contacts and the prevalence of ICL in this patient population. As a result, the available studies are inadequate to support a causal theory and the potential risk factors associated with ICL.ConclusionsThere is a large range of reported prevalence for IP contact loss. ICL is more common when a natural tooth abuts a splinted implant restoration. ICL is more common on the mesial, as opposed to the distal, of an implant retained restoration. Consensus in the definition and measurement strategies for ICL needs to be established to provide standardized terminology and methodology. Potential risk factors such as occlusion, restorative material, and tooth contact area need to be investigated.
The effect of cyclic dislodgement and denture cleanser storage on various attachment systems used in implant‐overdenture prostheses
Authors: Karabulut‐Açıkgöz Tuğçe , Canay Şenay 
Published: December 2024

AbstractPurposeThe present study aims to evaluate and compare the retention forces of nylon and polyetheretherketone (PEEK) attachments with different color codes over time and denture cleansers.Materials and MethodsTwo plexiglass models were prepared for this study. In the first model, two Astra‐Tech EV implants and two Locator abutments were placed, followed by the placement of two corresponding housings in the opposite blocks where nylon attachments were fitted. The second model was mounted with two Medentika Microcone RI implants and two Novaloc abutments. PEEK attachments were then placed in the corresponding housings. Blue‐pink‐clear nylon and white‐yellow‐green PEEK attachments’ (n = 8 for each group) maximum dislodgement forces were measured at baseline (T0). Second measurements were conducted after 1080 insertion and removal cycles (T1). Corega denture cleanser solution was prepared by adding one tablet to 200 mL of tap water. All attachments were soaked in the solution for three minutes and rinsed under running water. Each group of attachments was soaked for 1080 min in total, corresponding to 1 year of clinical use. The final measurements were conducted after storage in the solution. One specimen and abutment were randomly selected from each group and examined using a scanning electron microscope. The data were analyzed by repeated measures ANOVA and Bonferroni multiple comparison test (p < 0.05). The percentage decrease in the dislodgement force of the attachments was also calculated.ResultsInsertion and removal cycles significantly affected the retention values (p < 0.001). Storage in the cleanser did not significantly affect the retention (p > 0.05). The lowest retention value was observed in blue nylon attachments (501.50 ± 33.39 gf [gram force]) after insertion‐removal (T1), with a similar trend after immersion (476.13 ± 39.75 gf) (T2). The highest retention was observed similarly in clear nylon attachments (1660.38 ± 41.73 gf) after insertion‐removal after immersion (1636.50 ± 62.20 gf) (T2). In terms of percentage loss of retention, yellow PEEK attachments were the most affected group after all test procedures (36.88%), while the lowest affected group was pink nylon attachments (21.56%).ConclusionsPEEK attachments were the least affected by the denture cleanser but the most affected by insertion and removal cycles. Corega denture cleanser had no significant effect on nylon or PEEK attachments, whereas the insertion‐removal cycle had a significant effect on both attachment systems.
Genetic diversity, morphological characteristics and virulence of Stemphylium species causing tomato leaf spot disease in Uruguay
Authors: González‐Ghiena Ana Clara , Rubio Leticia , Mena Eilyn , Delgado‐Cerrone Leonardo , González‐Arcos Matías , Ponce de León Inés 
Published: December 2024

AbstractTomato leaf spot, caused by the ascomycete fungi Stemphylium spp., including S. lycopersici, S. solani and S. vesicarium, is a severe threat to tomato production worldwide. In Uruguay, the disease has become more prevalent in both field and greenhouse production systems in recent years, primarily due to the use of susceptible tomato varieties. This study focuses on the identification, morphological characteristics, genetic diversity and virulence of Stemphylium isolates responsible for leaf spot in Uruguay's major tomato‐producing regions. Phylogenetic analysis using partial sequences of the rDNA internal transcribed spacer (ITS) and glyceraldehyde‐3‐phosphate dehydrogenase (gpd) genes showed that S. lycopersici is the predominant pathogen, with 33 isolates identified, whereas only three isolates were classified as S. vesicarium. Genetic diversity analysis using inter simple sequence repeat (ISSR) markers identified two main clusters of S. lycopersici isolates that correlate with distinct geographical regions. Cultural and morphological characteristics of S. lycopersici varied significantly and pathogenicity assays revealed a broad spectrum of virulence among S. lycopersici isolates, with some isolates causing extensive necrosis and others showing minimal disease lesions. S. lycopersici primarily penetrates plant tissues through stomata and trichomes, and hyphae proliferate both within and on plant tissues, causing chlorosis and necrosis. Infected tissues exhibit alterations in cell wall composition associated with the incorporation of phenolic compounds. This is the first report characterizing various isolates of S. lycopersici and S. vesicarium responsible for tomato leaf spot in Uruguay.
Heterologous expression of Sesuvium portulacastrumSpCIPK2 confers salt tolerance in transgenic Arabidopsis thaliana
Authors: Li Yuxin , Hu Yanping , Liu Wen , Xia Haiyan , Liu Yunqi , Sun Zhiguang , Zhou Yang 
Published: December 2024

AbstractCalcineurin B‐like interacting protein kinases (CIPKs) play critical roles in plant adaptation to salt stress. However, the biological functions of CIPKs in Sesuvium portulacastrum, a halophyte flourishing in coastal mudflats, remain poorly understood. Here, a highly expressed CIPK gene, SpCIPK2, was identified from transcriptomic analyses of S. portulacastrum root systems under salt stress. Subcellular localization assays confirmed the cytoplasmic presence of SpCIPK2. Arabidopsis thaliana plants overexpressing SpCIPK2 exhibited markedly improved salt tolerance, characterized by increased fresh weight under salt stress. Transgenic plants demonstrated significantly lower levels of O2·− and H2O2 compared to wild‐type plants. Furthermore, transgenic plants revealed a reduced relative conductivity and enhanced peroxidase (POD) activity in the leaves. Salt treatment accelerated Na+ efflux while slowing K+ efflux in transgenic plants, resulting in diminished Na+ accumulation and an elevated K+/Na+ ratio during salt stress. This evidence suggests that SpCIPK2 enhances salt tolerance by regulating ion homeostasis, activating antioxidant enzymes activity, and scavenging reactive oxygen species (ROS) in salt‐stressed plants.
Association of CXCR1 Gene Polymorphism With Clinical Mastitis and Performance Traits in Murrah Buffalo
Authors: Dalal Vikrant , Kamaldeep Dhundwal , Magotra Ankit , Yadav Dipin Chander , Pushpa Sindhu , Garg Asha Rani 
Published: December 2024

ABSTRACTThis study revealed the presence of single nucleotide polymorphisms in the CXCR1 gene and their association with performance traits and mastitis incidence in Murrah buffalo. The targeted SNP rs211042414 (T > C) at the g.106216468 locus in partial exon 2 of the CXCR1 gene was genotyped using PCR amplification and restriction enzyme digestion by Alu I, Bsa I, Dde I, Ava I, Hind III, EcoRV, Hae III, and Hae II restriction enzymes. The genotypic frequencies revealed three genotypes: CC, CT, and TT, with the C allele being the most prevalent (0.79) compared to the T allele (0.21). Targeted SNP showed significant association with the incidence of clinical mastitis incidence, and the study revealed that the TT genotyped animals showed a higher incidence of clinical mastitis compared to the TT and CT genotyped animals in the targeted population. Furthermore, least squares analysis revealed that targeted performance traits, viz. 305 days milk yield, total milk yield, and lactation length, were significantly associated with the genetic variants of the CXCR1 gene. TT genotyped animals exhibited higher milk yield than CT and CC genotyped animals, indicating a positive association between the T allele and increased milk production. These findings revealed that there is a scope for the genetic improvement of Murrah buffalo. Incorporating the identified CXCR1 gene polymorphisms into existing selection criteria can help to improve disease resistance and milk production traits in Murrah buffalo. However, further validation with a larger sample size is necessary to strengthen the observed associations and ensure their practical applicability.
Rousseau's case for democracy
Authors: Schrepfer Matthew 
Published: December 2024

AbstractIn this article, I provide an interpretation of Rousseau's case for democracy: his argument for why “every law which the people in person have not ratified is invalid; it is not a law.” The people must ratify every law because sovereignty “lies essentially in the general will, and will does not admit of representation” or alienation. Taking my cue from this remark, I argue that Rousseau's radically free, choice‐based conception of the will makes it impossible for anyone to legitimately agree to submit to a nondemocratic sovereign, explaining why only democracy can be legitimate on his view. However, the principle that “who wills the end wills the means also” means that citizens can, in willing one thing, commit themselves to willing more than they realize. This explains why Rousseau sometimes seem to treat the general will as a fact that citizens can be mistaken about.
Emotional variability and late adolescent suicidal ideation: Buffering role of parent–youth connectedness
Authors: Chiang Shou‐Chun , Ting Shi‐Jane , Yu‐Hsien Sung 
Published: December 2024

AbstractIntroductionEmotional variability has been identified as a risk factor for adolescent psychopathology. This study explored the cross‐sectional and prospective associations between emotional variability and suicidal ideation and examined the moderating role of parent–adolescent connectedness.MethodsParticipants included 108 Taiwanese late adolescents (Mage = 18.53, SDage = 0.39; 64% female) who completed ecological momentary assessment (EMA) over 14 days, and baseline and follow‐up assessments over 6 months.ResultsResults indicated that while negative emotional (NE) and positive emotional (PE) variability were not associated with suicidal ideation at baseline, both predicted increased suicidal ideation 6 months later. Furthermore, parent–adolescent connectedness moderated the relationship between NE variability and suicidal ideation, with high connectedness mitigating the adverse effects of NE variability.ConclusionsThese findings suggest that emotional variability is a key predictor for the development of suicidal ideation and highlight the protective role of parent–adolescent connectedness. Interventions promoting family connectedness may be effective in reducing suicidal risk among emotionally variable youth.
Effect of Midsole Hardness on Soft Tissue Vibrations: An Ascendant Hierarchical Clustering on 133 Runners
Authors: Play Marie‐Caroline , Giandolini Marlène , Ravel Antoine , Millet Guillaume Y. , Rossi Jérémy 
Published: December 2024

ABSTRACTSoft tissue vibrations (STV) can generate discomfort during running. Recent research has shown that footwear affects the amplitude of STV differently across runners but no studies have linked human characteristics and footwear construction yet. The purpose of this study was to investigate the runner specific STV responses to various midsole hardness and to identify functional groups, that is, groups of runners responding similarly to a given intervention. A total of 133 runners (56 females) with a wide range of anthropometrics and running habits performed an 8.5‐min trial at a self‐selected speed with three different midsole hardness (soft i.e., 46 Asker C, medium i.e., 58 Asker C and hard i.e., 71 Asker C). STV, kinetics, kinematics and electromyographic activity of gastrocnemius medialis muscle were recorded at minute 8. Mechanical properties of calf muscles were obtained through a standardized impact test on the calf muscles. An ascendant hierarchical clustering was computed to cluster individuals based on their STV amplitudes in the three conditions. Three functional groups with distinctive STV responses were identified. STV amplitude decreased for 61% of runners with the soft condition (SOFT group) and for 11% of runners with the medium condition (MED group), whereas 28% of runners demonstrated greater STV amplitude in the hard condition (HIGH‐HARD group). The findings revealed differences between groups in term of body fat percentage, running volume per week, foot/ground angle at initial contact, ankle plantarflexion and flight time. It provides guidelines to recommend footwear reducing STV amplitude based on anthropometrics, running practice and biomechanical characteristics of the runners.
Influence of Stretch Speed and Arousal State on Passive Ankle Joint Mechanics
Authors: Lima Camila de Paula de , Ruas Cassio Victora , Blazevich Anthony John 
Published: December 2024

ABSTRACTStudies investigating the mechanisms influencing maximum passive joint range of motion (ROMmax) and stiffness have not objectively assessed the possible influence of stretch speed and/or arousal state. The purpose of this study was to assess the effects of arousal state and stretch speed on healthy individuals ROMmax, stiffness, gastrocnemius medialis, and soleus electromyographic activity (EMG). Fourteen participants performed one familiarization and then one testing session on separate days in the laboratory. In the familiarization (Session 1), participants practiced fast (30°/s ankle dorsiflexion) and slow (5°/s) plantar flexor stretches on an isokinetic dynamometer with the knee extended. In the experimental session (Session 2), they performed two slow, then two fast, stretches under three randomized arousal conditions: control (no music), arousing, and relaxing music. Dorsiflexion ROMmax, ankle joint stiffness, muscle activity during stretch, mean heart rate, and perception of arousal were measured. Perception of arousal was greater in the arousing than relaxing condition (p = 0.001). ROMmax was greater during fast (69.1° ± 7.8°) than slow stretches (64.9° ± 10.8°; p = 0.002) with no effect of arousal. Stiffness and EMG were higher at faster speeds, with a significantly greater percentage of stiffness observed in the arousing than the other conditions during faster stretches (p = 0.04). ROMmax was greater at the faster stretch speed despite greater stiffness and muscle activities being produced during the stretch. Thus, despite reflexive muscle activity and viscosity being higher during faster stretches, a greater, not lesser, ROMmax was observed. Arousal state, at least when altered by music, did not seem to affect ROMmax but somewhat influenced stiffness in the faster stretches.
Harnessing artificial intelligence for enhanced veterinary diagnostics: A look to quality assurance, Part I Model development
Authors: Pacholec Christina , Flatland Bente , Xie Hehuang , Zimmerman Kurt 
Published: December 2024

AbstractArtificial intelligence (AI) has transformative potential in veterinary pathology in tasks ranging from cell enumeration and cancer detection to prognosis forecasting, virtual staining techniques, and individually tailored treatment plans. Preclinical testing and validation of AI systems (AIS) are critical to ensure diagnostic safety, efficacy, and dependability. In this two‐part series, challenges such as the AI chasm (ie, the discrepancy between the AIS model performance in research settings and real‐world applications) and ethical considerations (data privacy, algorithmic bias) are reviewed and underscore the importance of tailored quality assurance measures that address the nuances of AI in veterinary pathology. This review advocates for a multidisciplinary approach to AI development and implementation, focusing on image‐based tasks, highlighting the necessity for collaboration across veterinarians, computer scientists, and ethicists to successfully navigate the complex landscape of using AI in veterinary medicine. It calls for a concerted effort to bridge the AI chasm by addressing technical, ethical, and regulatory challenges, facilitating AI integration into veterinary pathology. The future of veterinary pathology must balance harnessing AI's potential while intentionally mitigating its risks, ensuring the welfare of animals and the integrity of the veterinary profession are safeguarded. Part I of this review focuses on considerations for model development, and Part II focuses on external validation of AI.
A note on ubiquity of geometric Brascamp–Lieb data
Authors: Bez Neal , Gauvan Anthony , Tsuji Hiroshi 
Published: December 2024

AbstractRelying substantially on work of Garg, Gurvits, Oliveira and Wigderson, it is shown that geometric Brascamp–Lieb data are, in a certain sense, dense in the space of feasible Brascamp–Lieb data. This addresses a question raised by Bennett and Tao in their recent work on the adjoint Brascamp–Lieb inequality.