bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Avoiding anti-inflammatories: a randomised controlled trial testing the effect of an eHealth information package on primary healthcare patient medication knowledge and behaviour in Aotearoa New Zealand
Authors: Leitch Sharon , Zeng Jiaxu , Smith Alesha , Stokes Tim 
Published: November 2024

BackgroundPatient medication knowledge and health literacy affect patient safety. Taking angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors (ACE-i) or angiotensin II receptor blockers (ARBs), with diuretics and non-steroidal anti-inflammatory medications (NSAIDs) is nephrotoxic. Patients may not know of this risk. An eHealth information package was developed to inform patients at risk of taking this combination of medication.ObjectiveTo assess the impact of the eHealth information package on patient knowledge and behaviour.DesignThis was a two-arm, parallel, randomised control trial. A knowledge quiz and NSAID use survey were undertaken at baseline, and repeated after two weeks. The intervention group accessed the information package after completing the baseline assessment. The control group received normal care.Setting and participantsPrimary healthcare patients prescribed an ACE-i or ARB plus a diuretic in Aotearoa New Zealand.InterventionA novel eHealth information package was made available to participants in the intervention group consisting of a downloadable PDF and online education activity. This took approximately 15 min for participants to complete.Primary outcome measuresChange in knowledge scores and in NSAID use between pre-intervention and post-intervention assessment.Secondary outcome measuresSelf-reported patient intentions regarding future NSAID useResultsThe 201 participants who completed the study had high baseline NSAID medication knowledge, which did not substantially change at follow-up. The intervention group had a 0.35 (95% CI: -0.18, 0.88) higher knowledge score than the control group. NSAID use decreased over the study; the intervention group had 62% lower odds of NSAID use at follow-up assessment compared with the control group (OR=0.37, 95% CI: 0.14, 1.03). There was no substantial difference between study groups at follow-up for self-reported action. The information package was considered acceptable and useful.ConclusionThis tailored eHealth information package may reduce NSAID use in patients at increased risk from NSAID-related harm.Trial registration numberAustralian New Zealand Clinical Trial Registry (ACTRN:12622001132730).
Anxiety, depression and access to mental health services among internally displaced persons in Mogadishu, Somalia: a cross-sectional survey
Authors: Dahie Hassan Abdullahi , Osman Mohamed Abdullahi , Jimale Yusuf Ali , Mohamud Falis Ibrahim , Hussein Hamdi Ahmed , Alasow Mohamed Osman , Osman Abukar Abdi , Abdullahi Abdirahman Mohamed 
Published: November 2024

ObjectiveThe study aims to evaluate anxiety and depression levels and access to mental health services among internally displaced persons (IDPs) in Mogadishu, Somalia.DesignA community-based, cross-sectional survey was carried out in IDP camps. Face-to-face interviews were conducted using a modified Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale. Data were analysed using SPSS V.25.0, incorporating univariate and logistic regression analyses.SettingThe study was conducted in 10 IDP camps located in the districts of Daynile and Kahda in the Banadir region of Somalia between November and December 2023.ParticipantsThe study included 522 randomly sampled individuals aged 18–70 years living in the selected IDP camps.ResultsThe study revealed high prevalence rates of anxiety (43.7%) and depression (35.8%) among IDPs in the selected districts. Of those with anxiety, 54% were categorised as borderline cases and 46% as severe cases. Similarly for depression, 72.7% were classified as borderline cases and 27.3% as severe cases. Significant associations were found between anxiety symptoms and variables such as camp residence (OR: 3.872, 95% CI 2.333 to 6.424), female gender (OR: 2.387, 95% CI 1.604 to 3.552), young age (OR: 6.319, 95% CI 4.309 to 9.267), marriage contract (OR: 4.569, 95% CI 2.850 to 7.325), lack of education (OR: 1.92, 95% CI 1.349 to 2.737) and past experiences of trauma (OR: 5.207, 95% CI 3.274 to 8.281). Depressive symptoms were significantly associated with younger age (OR: 1.536, 95% CI 1.069 to 2.208), lack of formal education (OR: 1.661, 95% CI 1.153 to 2.395) and history of trauma (OR: 3.695, 95% CI 2.529 to 5.400). Additionally, the study highlighted a grave shortage of mental health and psychosocial support (MHPSS) services. User evaluations of MHPSS services varied, indicating room for improvement.ConclusionThe study revealed elevated levels of anxiety and depression among IDPs in the districts of Kahda and Daynile in the Banadir region of Somalia, underscored by a critical shortage of MHPSS services, emphasising the need for tailored mental health interventions.
Efficacy of an mHealth intervention to support pain self-management and improve analgesia in patients with rib fractures: protocol for a randomised controlled trial
Authors: Ashton-James Claire Elizabeth , Doane Matthew , McNeilage Amy Gray , Gholamrezaei Ali , Glare Paul , Finniss Damien 
Published: November 2024

IntroductionIn light of the risks of over-reliance on opioid analgesia during recovery from rib fractures, there is increased interest in the efficacy of non-pharmacological approaches to pain management. This paper describes the protocol for a double-blind randomised controlled trial to evaluate the efficacy of an mHealth intervention for reducing pain intensity, pain-related distress and opioid use during early recovery from rib fractures.Methods and analysisAdults (N=120) with isolated rib fractures will be recruited within 24 hours of admission to a large public hospital in Sydney, Australia (single site), and randomised (1:1 allocation) to an intervention or active control group. Clinicians, participants and statisticians will be blind to participants’ group allocation. The intervention (PainSupport) consists of a brief pain self-management educational video, followed by twice daily supportive Short Message Service (SMS) text messages for 14 days. Participants in the active control group receive the same video but not the supportive text messages. Participants in both groups continue to receive usual care throughout the trial. The primary outcome will be self-reported pain intensity on respiration measured using a Numerical Rating Scale. Secondary outcomes will include opioid use, pain-related distress, adherence to behavioural pain management strategies and the acceptability and feasibility of the intervention. Participants will complete questionnaires at baseline and then on days 1–7 and day 14 of the trial. A feedback survey will be completed at the end of the trial (day 15). Linear mixed models will be used to evaluate the main effect of the group on the primary and secondary outcomes and to explore differences between outcome trends recorded over the trial. Analyses will be based on the intention-to-treat principle to minimise bias secondary to missing data or dropouts.Ethics and disseminationThe study protocol has been reviewed and approved by the Northern Sydney Local Health District Human Research Ethics Committee (Australia). Informed consent is a requirement for participation in the study. Study results will be published in peer-reviewed journals and presented at scientific and professional meetings.Trial registration numberACTRN12623000006640.
Association between weight and body composition changes with falls risk in the Malaysian Elders Longitudinal Research (MELoR) study
Authors: Hashim Nurul Nabilah Akmal , Mat Sumaiyah , Myint Phyo Kyaw , Kioh Sheng Hui , Delibegovic Mirela , Chin Ai-Vyrn , Kamaruzzaman Shahrul Bahyah , Hairi Noran Naqiah , Khoo Selina Phaik Kin , Tan Maw Pin 
Published: November 2024

ObjectiveBoth changes in body composition and increased fall risk occur with increasing age. While weight management may be considered a component of falls prevention, the long-term consequences of changes in weight, however, remain uncertain. This prospective study aimed to evaluate the relationship between weight and body composition changes over 5 years with fall occurrence.DesignProspective cohort study.SettingCommunity-dwelling older adults interviewed at baseline (2013–2016) and follow-up (2020–2022) as a part of the Malaysian Elders Longitudinal Research study were included.ParticipantsParticipants who attended face-to-face follow-up visits.Primary and secondary outcome measuresFall occurrence over 12 months preceding the follow-up visit was determined. Anthropometric, bioimpedance analysis and physical performance measurements were obtained at both time points. Participants were categorised into three groups according to changes in weight and body composition using≥5% increase or decrease in weight to determine loss or gain.ResultsOf the 225 participants, aged 71.8±6.8 years, 128 (56.9%) were women. Weight gain was associated with increased fall risk at follow-up compared with stable weight (adjusted rate ratio, aRR (95% confidence interval, CI)=2.86 (1.02–8.02)) following adjustments for age and body mass index (BMI), but this relationship was attenuated by low baseline percentage lean body mass (%LBM) in women. The association was strenghtened after adjusting for age, BMI, and low muscle strength (aRR (95% CI)=2.89 (1.01–8.28)). Weight change did not influence falls risk in men. No difference was observed with changes in percentage body fat and %LBM over time with fall occurrence for both genders.ConclusionLower baseline lean body mass influenced the relationship between weight gain and falls longitudinally. Interventions addressing low lean body mass should be considered in the prevention of weight-gain-related falls in older women.
Systematic review and network meta-analysis of non-invasive respiratory support in paediatric patients with acute hypoxaemic respiratory failure: a protocol
Authors: Feng Yan-Dong , Li Yu-Xia , Qin Jin , Yin Yang-Qi , Ling Ji-Zu 
Published: November 2024

IntroductionAcute hypoxic respiratory failure (AHRF) is one of the most common causes of admission to paediatric intensive care units (PICUs) around the world, posing a serious health concern for the global community. Non-invasive respiratory support (NRS) is considered effective in reducing mortality and intubation rates in adults. However, it is not yet clear whether NRS is beneficial for children and which NRS modalities are most effective. This network meta-analysis aims to summarise existing evidence and compare the efficacy and safety of different NRS modalities in paediatric patients with acute hypoxaemic respiratory failure.Methods and analysisTo identify randomised controlled trials, we will perform a systematic search of key databases (Embase, PubMed, CENTRAL, CINAHL Complete and Web of Science) and registered clinical trials (ClinicalTrials.gov, WHO ICTRP and ISRCTN). To ensure the inclusion of the latest literature, an initial pilot search was conducted on 8 July 2024, and an updated search will be conducted after the main research work of this study. AHRF in children treated with NRS will be included. Hospital mortality, intubation rate, treatment failure rate and serious adverse events are critical outcomes closely related to patient-centredness and importance. Two authors will independently select the studies and extract the data. The risk of bias will be assessed using the Cochrane risk of bias tool V.2.0. In order to compare the effects of different NRS modalities, pairwise meta-analysis and network meta-analysis will be conducted using R software. Several subgroup analyses will be conducted, including analyses of different causes of AHRF. We will conduct sensitivity analyses by excluding studies with a high risk of bias and those involving neonates. Using the Grading of Recommendations Assessment, Development and Evaluation methodology, we will assess the certainty of the evidence for the effect estimates of all the outcomes.Ethics and disseminationSince this research is a network meta-analysis based on published literature, no formal ethics approval is required. The results will be disseminated through a peer-reviewed journal for publication.PROSPERO registration numberCRD42024529804.
Systematic review of child maltreatment screening tools used by different occupational groups: a study protocol
Authors: Colley Denise , Seidler Jenny , Rollbühler Philipp , Rasch Lena , Küppers Lisa , Gahr Britta , Mayatepek Ertan , De Bock Freia 
Published: November 2024

BackgroundChild maltreatment (CM) encompasses physical, emotional or sexual abuse, physical or emotional/psychological neglect or intimate partner (or domestic) violence and is associated with adverse cognitive, behavioural, physical and social outcomes that often continue shaping adulthood. The early and valid detection of CM is essential to initiate treatment and intervention as well as to avoid continued violence against the child. Various occupational groups, such as healthcare providers, teachers, social workers, psychotherapists and others, encounter maltreated children in their professional settings. Systematic reviews on instruments to assess suspected CM often report on retrospective measurement via caregiver’s or child’s self-report and are frequently limited to the health system as a setting. The purpose of this Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses-compliant systematic review is to synthesise the evidence on psychometric properties of instruments to assess suspected CM at the presentation to a broad range of different occupational groups who work with children inside and outside the healthcare system.MethodA systematic search will be performed in Scopus, PsycInfo, Medline and Web of Science with no limit on the earliest publication until January 2022. Eligibility criteria include studies that investigate psychometric properties of instruments to assess suspected CM in children and adolescents under 18 years by a professional proxy. After the independent screening of studies by two reviewers, quality assessment and data extraction will be performed using an adaptation of the COnsensus‐based Standards for the selection of health Measurement INstruments Risk of Bias checklist, Strengthening the Reporting of Observational Studies in Epidemiology: Explanation and Elaboration report and Downs and Black checklist for measuring study quality. Screening, quality assessment and data extraction will be done using Covidence. The results will be presented in narrative form and, if adequate, a meta-analysis will be performed.DiscussionThis review aims to give an overview of the psychometric properties of different instruments designed to screen suspected CM by professional proxies. The results will be of interest to different occupational groups who need information about methodological quality and characteristics of instruments to make decisions about the best-suited tool for a specific purpose. Furthermore, the results of this review will support the development of novel instruments and might improve the existing ones.Ethics and disseminationEthics approval will not be required. The results of this systematic review will be submitted for publication in a peer-reviewed journal.PROSPERO registration numberCRD42022297997.
Morbidity among resettled refugees at arrival in Ontario, Canada (1994–2017): a controlled interrupted time series study examining the effect of the Immigration Refugee Protection Act, 2002
Authors: Wanigaratne Susitha , Stukel Therese , Lu Hong , Guan Jun , Hynie Michaela , Saunders Natasha Ruth , Guttmann Astrid 
Published: November 2024

BackgroundImmigration inadmissibility on medical grounds is common among high-income countries. In Canada, the Immigrant and Refugee Protection Act (IRPA) became law in 2002. With humanitarian protection as a priority, IRPA removed medical inadmissibility based on exceeding a cost threshold for the projected use of health and social services for resettled refugees. Our objective was to determine whether resettled refugees arriving in Ontario after IRPA became law (2004–2017) were more likely to exceed the cost threshold than those who arrived before (1994–2002).MethodsWe linked population-based immigration (1994–2017) and healthcare data (1994–2019) in Ontario, Canada and conducted interrupted and controlled interrupted time series (ITS and CITS, respectively) analyses using segmented regression. We examined morbidity prevalence (a proxy for exceeding the cost threshold), in the pre-IRPA and post-IRPA periods among resettled refugees and three control groups—successful asylum seekers, economic immigrants and other Ontario residents. Morbidity prevalence levels and slopes across years were estimated comparing the post-IRPA to pre-IRPA period within resettled refugees and each control group (ITS), and for resettled refugees relative to each control group comparing the same periods (CITS).ResultsMorbidity prevalence levels and slopes did not increase significantly within resettled refugees arriving after compared with before IRPA, nor when compared with control groups. Increasing morbidity prevalence among all immigrant groups post-IRPA suggested that subsequent policy changes linked to excessive demand policies may have impacted morbidity.ConclusionEvolving medical inadmissibility policies suggest the need to provide a fulsome evaluation, balancing possible implications with the documented contributions immigrants make to Canada.
Navigating Esthetic Challenges: Immediate Implant Placement and Comprehensive Restorative Solutions—A Clinical Case With 2‐Year Follow‐Up Study
Authors: Guzman-Perez Gerardo , Jurado Carlos A. , Alresayes Saad , Floriani Franciele , Rojas-Rueda Silvia , Tsujimoto Akimasa 
Published: November 2024

Introduction: The esthetics of immediate implant dentistry can be challenging. Clinical considerations for immediate implant placement have demonstrated long‐term success rates comparable to traditional delayed implant protocols. However, it is a sensitive technique that requires proper treatment planning as well as meticulous execution to be predictable and successful in the long term.Methods: This clinical situation demands extensive knowledge of soft and hard tissue management for atraumatic tooth extraction followed by implant therapy, along with an understanding of the available materials to meet esthetic needs. This case report features a female patient with the chief complaint of needing to replace an anterior crown due to loss of retention. After a comprehensive oral assessment and cone beam computed tomography (CBCT) radiographic examination, it was determined that the crown on Tooth #9 was fractured at the subgingival level. Furthermore, gingival zenith positions displayed differences at the keratinized mucosa level in Teeth #7, #8, and #9, and the metal marginal areas of the porcelain‐fused‐to‐metal (PFM) crowns in the anterior area of Teeth #5, #7, #8, #9, and #10 were apparent. The procedure involved atraumatic extraction of Tooth #9, followed by immediate implant placement. Crowns on Teeth #5, #7, #8, and #10 were replaced, and veneers on Teeth #6 and #11 were fabricated using press lithium disilicate‐reinforced ceramic. Connective tissue graft (CTG) was contoured before final implant restorations.Results: The final implant crown was restored using a prefabricated abutment with a titanium base and lithium disilicate ceramic dental material. A well‐planned combined treatment, including atraumatic tooth extractions for immediate implants and ideal contouring of soft tissues, can significantly impact the outcome of esthetic restorations.Conclusions: Single immediate implant–supported crowns in the esthetic zone were able to fulfill the patient’s esthetic expectations.
Hyperkalemia During Prolonged Anesthesia in a Greyhound
Authors: O’Neill A. K. 
Published: November 2024

Case Report: A 3‐year‐old female neutered greyhound presented for a dental procedure under general anesthesia. At the time of presentation, the dog was clinically well, with no health concerns from the client except for halitosis. The dog underwent general anesthesia with 13 teeth extracted and was stable until a severe, acute bradycardia was noticed at 2 h and 20 min postinduction. Venous blood analysis revealed a marked hyperkalemia. The dog was treated with calcium gluconate, an intravenous fluid bolus, glucose, and atropine. Serum potassium levels returned to within normal reference range at 60 min posttreatment. The dog developed ventricular tachycardia in recovery which responded to two lignocaine boluses. The dog was discharged from hospital in a stable condition.Conclusions: Unanticipated hyperkalemia during anesthesia was treated in an otherwise healthy greyhound undergoing a dental procedure.
Knowledge and Social Relevance: Analyzing Socio-scientific Nature of Learning Competencies and Standards in Grade 8 Science
Authors: Purisima Jasper Kent A. , Celedonio Milagros A. 
Published: November 2024

The Philippine education system is obscured of global competence by various challenges including developing skills and inclusive education (Diano, et. al, 2023). Since 2018, the Philippines has placed at the bottom, ranking last out of 78 participants, and barely improved in 2022 ranking 77th out of 81 countries participating (Education GPS & OECD, n.d.; OECD, 2022). A study revealed that essential competencies in the curriculum should highlight various concepts and contexts of problems in the community (Belmi & Mangali, 2020). Through a quantitative research design, this study analyzed 40 stratified samples of competencies and standards of the Grade 8 Science Curriculum Guide for its distribution and extent of socio-scientific issues (SSI) consideration and the underlying factors that could potentially hinder its effective implementation in the four (4) science disciplines. Findings revealed an unequal distribution of consideration in the curriculum guide for SSI in different science disciplines. Earth and Space with a mean of 4.26 appear to integrate SSI more effectively as compared to other science disciplines. On the other hand, varying factors such as limitations to various resources and socio-cultural contexts could largely hinder the implementation and integration of SSI in the curriculum guide. This study concludes that there is sufficient and acceptable frequency in the distribution of SSI in the curriculum guide of Science Grade 8 across four core disciplines, however, this study also acknowledges that there are present limitations that need to be considered.