bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Restrictive versus liberal fluid therapy in geriatric patients undergoing major abdominal surgery: a randomized controlled trial
Authors: Cai Bin , Chen JiaTong , Kang Yin , Yu Dongnan , Wei Jinfeng , Chen JieYuan , Wang Sheng 
Published: July 2019

Abstract
BACKGROUND: The optimal fluid therapy in elderly patients undergoing major abdominal surgery remains unclear. Although some trials have reported a restrictive fluid therapy may lead to better outcomes, there is no evidence whether it is suitable for elderly patients.
METHODS: In a double-blinded pragmatic trial, 107 elderly patients undergoing major abdominal surgery were randomized to receive either a liberal (L group) or restrictive intravenous-fluid therapy (R group) . The postoperative fluid therapy was similar in the two groups. The primary outcome was vital organ injury included Myocardial injury after noncardiac surgery (MINS) and acute kidney injury（AKI）, the secondary outcomes included hypotension needed intervention intraoperatively, length of stay (LOS) , death and other complications defined up to 30 days. Analysis was performed by intention-to-treat.
RESULT: 50 patients in the L group had an average intravenous fluid of 1943ml, as compared to 1295.61ml in 57 patients in the R group (P<0.001). The baseline Characteristics and operative details were similar between the groups. Patients in the L group had a lower rate of AKI (10% vs 35.1%, P=0.002) and surgical-site infection (0 vs 10.5%, P=0.029) than in the R group；MINS (20% vs 20.8%, P=0.724) and the other postoperative complications showed no differences between two groups. One patient died in the R group. No significant difference was found for the length of hospital stay[median(range) L: 15(8-49) vs R: 17(8-80); P=0.27]. The follow-up was 30 days.
CONCLUSION: In geriatric patients undergoing major abdominal surgery, a liberal fluid regimen was associated with a lower rate of AKI and postoperative infection than restrictive fluid regimen and did not increase the risk of postoperative complications.
Trial registration: ChiCTR1800019022. Registered 21 October 2018
Clinical practice competency and associated factors among graduating nursing students attending at Universities in Amhara region, Ethiopia: Institution based cross-sectional study, 2018
Authors: Getie ፟Addisu , Tsige Yosief , Birhanie Emebet , Getaneh Kenean , Demis Asmamaw 
Published: July 2019

Abstract
Objective

To assess clinical practice competency and associated factors among graduating nursing students in universities of Amhara region, Northern Ethiopia.

Result
This study showed that, 33.6% of the participants were clinically competent and there is slight variation in the clinical competency of participants at different Universities found in Amhara region. Clinical practice competency of students was affected by clinical instructor factors. Students who had got orientation about objective of clinical practice were 2.387 times more likely to be clinically competent [AOR: 2.387; 95% CI (1.011-5.635)]. Students who had clinical instructor who spent enough time for mentoring them during clinical practice had 2.247 times more likely to be clinical competent [AOR: 2.247; 95% CI (1.100-4.593)]. Students who had instructors that follow them while they conduct a procedure were 2.655 times more likely clinically competent [AOR: 2.655; 95% CI (1.294-5.449)]. This study also revealed that clinical practice competency of students was affected by assessment methods factors. Students with clinical practice assessment checklist had 2.663 times higher clinical practice competency [AOR: 2.663; 95% CI (1.324-5.358)]. Regarding staff-student factors, students who were allowed to perform tasks by clinical staffs were 5.858 times more likely to be clinical competent task [AOR: 5.858; 95% CI (2.657-12.916)]
A self-administered, artificial intelligence (AI) platform for cognitive assessment in multiple sclerosis (MS)
Authors: Khaligh-Razavi Seyed-Mahdi , Sadeghi Maryam , Khanbagi Mahdiyeh , Kalafatis Chris , Nabavi Seyed Massood 
Published: June 2019

Abstract
Background
Cognitive impairment is common in patients with MS. Accurate and repeatable measures of cognition have the potential to be used as a marker of disease activity.

Methods
We developed a 5-minute computerized test to measure cognitive dysfunction in patients with MS. The proposed test –named Integrated Cognitive Assessment (ICA)– is self-administered and language-independent. 91 MS patients and 83 healthy controls (HC) took part in substudy 1, in which each participant took the ICA test and the Brief International Cognitive Assessment for MS (BICAMS). We assessed ICA’s test-retest reliability, its correlation with BICAMS, its sensitivity to discriminate patients with MS from the HC group, and its accuracy in detecting cognitive dysfunction. In substudy 2, we recruited 48 MS patients, and examined the association between the level of serum neurofilament light (NfL) in these patients and their ICA scores.

Results
ICA demonstrated excellent test-retest reliability (r=0.94), with no learning bias (i.e. no significant practice effect); and had high level of convergent validity with BICAMS. ICA was sensitive in discriminating the MS patients from the HC group, and demonstrated a high accuracy (AUC = 95%) in discriminating cognitively normal from cognitively impaired participants. Additionally, we found a strong association (r=-0.79) between ICA score and the level of NfL in MS patients.

Conclusions
ICA has the potential to be used as a digital biomarker for assessment and monitoring of cognitive performance in MS patients. In comparison to standard cognitive tools for MS (e.g. BICAMS), ICA is shorter in duration, does not show a learning bias, is independent of language, and takes advantage of artificial intelligence (AI) to identify cognitive status of patients more accurately. Being a digital test, it further has the potential for easier electronic health record or research database integration.
Brazilian version of the Calgary-Cambridge Observational Guide (CCOG): cross-cultural adaptation and psychometric properties
Authors: DOHMS MARCELA , Collares Carlos F , Tibério Iolanda 
Published: June 2019

Abstract
Introduction

The search for appropriate tools to assess communicational skills remains an ongoing challenge. The Calgary-Cambridge Observational Guide is designed for measuring and comparing performance in communication skills training

Objective

Adapt the 28-item version of the guide for the Brazilian cultural context and perform a psychometric quality analysis of the tool.

Method

Experienced preceptors (35) evaluated videos of 5 medical residents with a simulated patient. using the translated version. For the cultural adaptation we followed the methodological norms on synthesis, retro-translation, committee review, and testing. We conducted the data analysis with the Rasch Many-Facet Model.

Results

The reliability of the internal consistency was satisfactory, with the Cronbach's alpha coefficient acceptable in all 5 evaluations (0.88; 0.84; 0.89; 0.87; 0.83). The reliability coefficient was high in the evaluators’ facets (0.90), the stations (0.99), and items (0.98). The data indicates the suitability of the tool to the Rasch Many-Facet Model. The evaluators had greater difficulty with attitudinal items, such as demonstration of respect, confidence, and empathy.

Conclusion

The psychometric properties of the tool were adequate. The reliability indicators of the Rasch Model presented a good potential for reproducing the Brazilian version of the tool as well as acceptable reliability for its use.
Spatio-temporal distribution analysis of TB in Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region, China
Authors: Zhang Liping , Zheng Yanling 
Published: July 2019

Abstract
Background: Tuberculosis (TB) is a major global public health problem, which also affects economic and social development. China has the third largest burden of tuberculosis in the world. TB control made the slowest progress in western China while the highest prevalence of it showed up in Xinjiang. The study was conducted to investigate the spatial epidemiological features of pulmonary tuberculosis in Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region (referred to as Xinjiang) and compared the regional differences in the incidence of TB, for the 2013-2016，which can provide scientific reference for TB prevention and control.
Methods: Based on the TB monitored data, descriptive statistics was used to analyze the distribution characteristics of TB patients. Spatial correlation analysis and spatio-temporal scanning techniques were used to explore the clustering of TB in Xinjiang.
Results: A total of 178,674 TB cases were notified in Xinjiang from 2013 to 2016 with an average annual incidence of 195.32/100,000. The incidence of TB in Xinjiang showed an upward trend. Male and female patients accounted for 52.56％and 47.44％ respectively，with the sex ratio being 1.11:1. The number of cases continuously increased with the increasing age，and the elderly TB patients aged 60 years and above accounted for 46.77％．Most of the patients with TB were farmers and shepherds, accounting for 72.11％．The incidence of TB presented an upward trend from east to west and from north to south. Obvious spatial aggregation was observed in the incidence of TB in 98 countries and districts from 2013 to 2016 and the global Moran’s I was 0.5768 (P<0.001). The reported incidence rate of TB showed remarkable seasonality. The hot spots of TB were mostly concentrated in the southern Xinjiang with Kashgar as the center, while the cold spots were in northern Xinjiang with Urumqi as the center．
Conclusion: The TB incidence displayed spatial and temporal aggregation at the levels of district and county in Xinjiang during 2013-2016, with high risk areas relatively concentrating in the southern Xinjiang．It is necessary to conduct targeted TB prevention and control in key areas and allocate health resources reasonably.
Keywords: Tuberculosis; Spatial autocorrelation; Spatio-temporal scanning analysis
Identification and analysis of long non-coding RNAs that are involved in inflammatory process in response to transmissible gastroenteritis virus infection
Authors: Ma Xuelian , Zhao Xiaomin , Wang Kaili , Tang Xiaoyi , Guo Jianxiong , Mi Mi , Qi Yanping , Chang Lingling , Huang Yong , Tong Dewen 
Published: July 2019

Abstract
Abstract
Background: Transmissible gastroenteritis virus (TGEV) infection can activate the immune response and cause inflammation. Long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) play important roles in antiviral innate immune response. However, whether lncRNAs participate in TGEV-induced inflammation in porcine intestinal epithelial cells (IPECs) is largely unknown.
Results: In this study, the next-generation sequencing (NGS) technology was used to analyze the profiles of lncRNAs in Mock and TGEV-infected porcine intestinal epithelial cell-jejunum 2 (IPEC-J2) cell line. A total of 106 lncRNAs were differentially expressed. Many differentially expressed lncRNAs act as elements to competitively attach miRNAs with mRNAs to mediate expression of genes that related to Toll-like receptor, NOD-like receptor, TNF, and RIG-I-like receptor pathways. Functional analysis of the binding proteins and the up/down-stream genes of the differentially expressed lncRNAs revealed that lncRNAs were principally related to immune response. Meanwhile, we found that the differentially expressed lncRNA TCONS_00058367 might lead to a reduction of p-p65 in TGEV-infected IPEC-J2 cells by negatively regulating its antisense gene PML.
Conclusions: The data showed that differentially expressed lncRNAs might be involved in immune response induced by TGEV through acting as miRNA sponges, regulating their up/down-stream genes, or directly binding proteins.
Characteristics of and Survival in Oral Squamous Cell Carcinomas in Norway (NOROC) 2005-2009
Authors: Bjerkli Inger-Heidi , Jetlund Olav , Karevold Gunnhild , Karlsdóttir Ása , Jaatun Ellen , Uhlin-Hansen Lars , Rikardsen Oddveig G. , Hadler-Olsen Elin , Steigen Sonja E. 
Published: July 2019

Abstract
Background: Incidence of oral squamous cell carcinomas (OSCC) is rising worldwide, and population characterization is important to follow future trends.
Methods: Patients treated for primary OSCC at all four University Hospitals in Norway between 2005 and 2010 were retrospectively included in this study. The median follow up time was 48 months (range 0-125 months).
Results: 535 patients with primary OSCC were identified. The overall survival (OS) was found to be 47%, disease specific survival (DSS) was 52%. When extracting the patients given treatment in curative intent the OS was found to be 56.2% and DSS 62.3%. Median age at diagnosis was 67 years (range 24-101 years), and men were in general eight years younger than women. The male/female ratio was 1.2. No gender difference was found in T status or N status, but both factors influenced significantly on survival.
Conclusions: We present a large and validated cohort of primary OSCC. Patients with small tumors and stage I-II at time of diagnosis had better outcome, and habitual examination of the oral cavity by patients, dentists and physicians may shift more tumors to a more beneficial starting point.
MODERN VIEW ON DIFFERENT KINDS OF BOWEL PREPARATION FOR ELECTIVE COLORECTAL SURGERY
Authors: Olkina A. Yu. , Petrov A. S. , Panaiotti L. L. , Karachun A. М. , Lankov T. S. 
Published: July 2019

Purpose: to assess current data on the effect of different approaches to preoperative bowel preparation before elective colorectal surgery on short-term treatment outcomes.Material and Methods. Online system PubMed of U.S. National Library of Medicine was used to find articles with key words “mechanical bowel preparation”, “surgical site infection”, “oral antibiotics”. A total of 226 articles were reviewed. 31 articles were selected for final review. Furthermore, ClinicalTrials.gov site was used to find actual and recruiting trials.Results. Mechanical bowel preparation (MBP) used to be a standard procedure for a long time. Nowadays, routine use of MBP seems to be debatable. Alternative approaches, e.g. absolutely no preparation or the use of MBP in combination with oral antibiotics, are considered. Data on performing different kinds of bowel preparation is reviewed in this article.Conclusion. Optimal approach of preoperative bowel preparation is still questionable. Combination of mechanical bowel preparation and oral antibiotics seems to be a preferable method. However, there is not enough evidence to exclude anothertechniques. It’s required to conduct additional randomized controlled trials.
Further evidence of the Diagnostic Utility of the Child Behavior Checklist for identifying pediatric Bipolar I Disorder
Authors: Yule Amy , Fitzgerald Maura , Wilens Timothy , Wozniak Janet , Yvonne Woodworth K. , Pulli Alexa , Uchida Mai , Faraone Stephen V. , Biederman Joseph 
Published: July 2019

Abstract
Background: Pediatric bipolar (BP) disorder is a prevalent and highly morbid disorder. While structured diagnostic interviews have been developed to aid in the diagnosis of pediatric BP disorder, these tools are lengthy, costly and not widely available. One possible diagnostic aid is the Child Behavior Checklist (CBCL).
Objective: To assess the diagnostic utility of the CBCL-BP profile to identify children with a diagnosis of BP-I disorder.
Method: Subjects were derived from four independent data sets of children and adolescents with and without attention deficit hyperactivity disorder and BP-I. Subjects were recruited from pediatric and psychiatric clinics and the community. All subjects had structured clinical interviews with raters blinded to subject ascertainment status. We used an empirically derived profile from the CBCL consisting of an aggregate t-score from the Attention, Anxiety/Depression and Aggression subscales (CBCL-BP profile) to operationalize the presence or absence of BP symptoms. Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves were used to examine the ability of the CBCL-BP profile to identify children with and without a structured interview diagnosis of BP-I disorder.
Results: The sample consisted of 661 subjects (mean age: 11.7 ± 3.3 years, 57% male and 94% Caucasian). In total, 20 percent of participants (n = 130) met structured interview criteria for a full diagnosis of BP-I disorder. The ROC analysis of the CBCL-BP profile yielded an area under the curve (AUC) of 0.91. A t-score of ≥ 195 on the CBCL-BP profile correctly classified 86% of subjects with BP-I disorder with 80% sensitivity, 87% specificity, 61% positive predictive value (PPV) and 95% negative predictive value (NPV).
Conclusion: The CBCL-BP profile efficiently discriminated pediatric subjects with and without a structured interview diagnosis of BP-I disorder. Findings suggest that the CBCL-BP profile may be an efficient tool to help identify children who are very likely to suffer from BP-I disorder.
DEPRESI PASCA SKIZOFRENIA
Authors: Sooai Christiane Marlene 
Published: July 2019

Gangguan jiwa merupakan masalah kesehatan yang menglobal,
berdasarkan data WHO pada tahun 2013, terdapat 450 juta orang yang
mengalami gangguan jiwa atau setidaknya 1 dari 4 orang di dunia mengalami
masalah mental dan masalah kesehatan jiwa. Menurut sumber yang sama,
Skizofrenia merupakan salah satu bentuk gangguan jiwa berat yang dialami 21
juta orang diseluruh dunia. Psikosis, termasuk skizofrenia dengan karakteristik
gangguan pada pola berpikir, persepsi, emosi, bahasa, serta kesadaran diri dan
tingkah laku. Gejala psikotik yang biasa ditemukan adalah halusinasi
pendengaran, penglihatan, dan delusi.
Anti-VEGFR2 Antibody-modified Micelle for Triggered Drug Delivery and Effective Therapy of Choroidal Neovascularization
Authors: Takahashi Kei , Masuda Tomomi , Harada Mitsunori , Inoue Tadashi , Nakamura Shinsuke , Naito Kenichiro , Hara Hideaki , Shimazawa Masamitsu 
Published: July 2019

Objective:
This study aimed to examine whether DC101 (anti-VEGFR2 antibody)-
modified micelles have applications as novel drug delivery devices, which allow small molecule
antiangiogenic agents to deliver to angiogenic sites on a murine laser-induced choroidal neovascularization
(CNV) model.

Materials and Method:
CNV was induced by photocoagulation on the unilateral eye of each
mouse under anesthesia. Immediately after laser coagulation, E7974-loaded DC101-modified micelles
and motesanib-loaded DC101-modified micelles were intravitreally administrated. Two
weeks after photocoagulation, CNV was visualized using fluorescein-conjugated dextran
(MW=2,000 kDa), and the CNV area was measured in retinal pigment epithelium (RPE)-choroidal
flat mounts.

Results:
Intravitreal administration of both DC101-modified micelles loaded with E7974 at 2 µM
and motesanib at 2 µM significantly reduced CNV area in the murine laser-induced CNV model at
a clearly lower concentration than the effective dose of each agent.

Conclusion:
These results suggest that DC101-modified micelle might be effective drug carrier
system for treating CNV and other ocular angiogenic diseases.
A Renewable Source as a Functional Food: Chia Seed
Authors: Dinçoğlu Ahmet H. , Yeşildemir Özge 
Published: June 2019

Background:
Chia seed is not a new food for humanity. The seed has been used in many
different areas since the Aztecs, especially the food items. The chia seed is -becoming increasingly
important because of its nutritional and functional properties and it is described as “the seed of the
21st century” and “new gold and super nutrient”.

Background:
In this review, general characteristics, nutritional composition, fields of usage, effects on
health and importance in human nutrition of the chia seed have been evaluated.

Conclusion:
This seed is shown as an important source of dietary fiber (soluble and insoluble), omega-
3 fatty acids, proteins, bioactive and polyphenolic compounds. It also has many physicochemical
and functional properties that make it more suitable for the food industry. Chia seed is a good thickener,
gel forming and chelating agent, foam enhancer, emulsifier, suspending agent and rehydration factor.
Foods such as frozen products, bakery products, beverages, sweets, pasta, and sausages can be enriched
with seeds and chia oil can be used as fat replacer for these products. Some studies have shown
that consumption of the seed is beneficial for health problems such as dyslipidemia, inflammation,
cardiovascular diseases and insulin resistance. However, the results of studies demonstrating the effect
of the seeds on diseases have been controversial and many of the studies on this subject are animal
studies. There is a need for further studies to reveal the effects of chia seed on human health and its
importance in the food industry.
Supervised Classifier Approach for Intrusion Detection on KDD with Optimal MapReduce Framework Model in Cloud Computing
Authors: Murugan Ilayaraja , S. Hemalatha , P. Manickam , K. Sathesh Kumar , K. Shankar 
Published: July 2019

Background:
Cloud computing is characterized as the arrangement of assets or accessible
administrations by the cloud service providers through web to their clients. It communicates everything
as administrations over the web as per the client request, for example, the operating system,
organization of equipment, storage, assets, and software. Nowadays, Intrusion Detection Systems
(IDS) play a powerful role while working under the influence of the experts who act when a system
is hacked or under some intrusions. Most intrusion detection frameworks are created based on the
machine learning strategies. Since the datasets play a major role, this is utilized as part of the intrusion
detection i.e., Knowledge Discovery in Database (KDD).

Methods:
In this paper, the intruded data was detected and classified utilizing Machine Learning
(ML) with MapReduce model. The primary objective of the Hadoop MapReduce model is to reduce
the extent of database ideal weight that was decided for reducer model and second stage by utilizing
Decision Tree (DT) classifier in data detection. This DT classifier utilizes an appropriate classifier to
decide the class labels for non-homogeneous leaf nodes. The decision tree fragment provided a
coarse section profile while the leaf level classifier yielded the data about the qualities that influence
the label inside a portion.

Results:
From the proposed results, the accuracy for detection was 96.21% in comparison with the
existing classifiers, for example, Neural Network (NN), Naive Bayes (NB) and K Nearest Neighbor
(KNN).

Conclusion:
This study introduced a Hadoop Map-reduce model to create diverse mappers and diminish
the data utilizing OBL-GWO strategy.