bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Watch Your Step! Excrement and Governmentality in Deuteronomy
Authors: George Mark K. 
Published: September 2018

Abstract
Governmental action through centralized institutions is widely recognized, whereas how such action is effected in individual’s lives is less so. Effective government depends on the ability to shape the mundane activities of life in ways that serve larger objectives. Scholarship on Deuteronomy attends well to the centralized actions, but not the individual ones. Deuteronomy 23:13-15 (ET 12-14) instructs soldiers how to defecate while serving in ancient Israel’s army, a rather mundane behavior for a book widely recognized as concerned with governing Israel. Governmentality provides a means of understanding how these instructions for defecation become part of the book’s larger objective of creating Israel as a proper vassal.
Tarbiya and Gnosis in Hausa Islamic Verse: Al-Ṣābūn al-Muṭahhir by Muḥammad Balarabe of Shellen (Adamawa, Nigeria)
Authors: Brigaglia Andrea 
Published: September 2018

Abstract
This paper contains a transliteration in Latin script, an English translation and an analysis of Al-Ṣābūn al-Muṭahhir (“The Cleansing Soap”), a poem on tarbiya (spiritual training) and ma‘rifa (gnosis) originally written in the Hausa language using Arabic script by Muḥammad Balarabe (d. 1967) of Shellen, in Adamawa, Nigeria. Balarabe was a Sufi of the Tijāniyya order affiliated to the Jamā‘at al-fayḍa of the Senegalese Ibrāhīm Niasse (d. 1975). In style and content, Balarabe’s poem serves as a corrective to some of the observations on Hausa Sufi poetry made by Mervyn Hiskett in his classic 1975 monograph. Drawing attention to the philosophical background of the poem (a dense web of doctrines that integrates Akbarī Sufism and Aš‘arī theology), the paper also suggests that some of the generalizations made by Hiskett in a 1980 article on the Hausa literature produced by the Jamā‘at al-fayḍa are in need of revision.1
“History is repeated”: The representation of Persepolis in the Iranian press of the 1930s
Authors: Devos Bianca 
Published: September 2018

Abstract
From spring 1931 to autumn 1939, the University of Chicago’s Oriental Institute conducted the first scientific excavations at Persepolis. The excavations coincided with a decade of profound change in Iran’s state and society. Under the rule of Reżā Shāh (1925-41), the Iranian state implemented a comprehensive nationalist and modernist reform agenda and propagated a distinctive national identity. The press played a crucial role in this process, informing the public about the excavations at Persepolis, a site that is highly significant for the narrative of the nation’s past. This article traces how Eṭṭelāʿāt, a leading Tehran newspaper, covered Persepolis and the archaeological excavations there. The aim in doing so is to illustrate how the Iranian press developed during the 1930s, a period during which the press was commercialized and professionalized and experienced increasing interference from the state’s censors.
Determination of total, free and esterified short-chain fatty acid in human serum by liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry
Authors: Chen Zhen , Wu Yue , Shrestha Rojeet , Gao Zijun , Zhao Yaoyao , Miura Yusuke , Tamakoshi Akiko , Chiba Hitoshi , Hui Shu-Ping 
Published: September 2018

Background Short-chain fatty acids are primarily absorbed through the portal vein during lipid digestion, which is utilized as the energy source, as well as prevent type 2 diabetes and some cancers. However, reports on the determination of these short-chain fatty acids in human serum are limited. Methods Blood samples from human subjects ( n = 547, male/female = 246/301, age 58.85 ± 12.57) were collected. Saponification was applied to obtain total fatty acid. After derivatization by 2-nitrophenylhydrazine, fatty acid 4:0 and fatty acid 6:0 were measured by liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry. Results The developed method exhibited good linearity (R2 = 0.9996 for both). All the coefficients of variation of reproducibility and accuracy for fatty acid 4:0 and fatty acid 6:0 ranged 3.0%−6.1%, with the average recoveries of 87.8%−102.4% and 92.2%−98.2%, respectively. In all the samples, the concentration of fatty acid 4:0 (162.4 ± 76.4 μmol/L) was significantly higher than fatty acid 6:0 (2.0 ± 2.5 μmol/L, P < 0.001). Furthermore, the esterified form was predominant in both fatty acid 4:0 and fatty acid 6:0 (98.2% and 82.4% of total fatty acids, respectively). Besides, short-chain fatty acids showed no significant differences with regard to sex or age differences. Conclusion This developed liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry method is convenient and reliable, which might be useful for monitoring the variations of short-chain fatty acids in blood.
Risk factors for development of early infectious and noninfectious complications in systemic lupus erythematosus patients undergoing major surgery
Authors: Quintanilla-González L , Torres-Villalobos G , Hinojosa-Azaola A 
Published: September 2018

Background We aimed to identify risk factors for early complications in systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) patients undergoing major surgery. Methods We conducted a retrospective comparative cohort study including patients with SLE undergoing major surgery, and non-SLE patients matched 1:1. Main outcomes were development of infectious and noninfectious complications, and 30-day postoperative mortality. Results A total of 382 patients (191 SLE and 191 non-SLE) were included. Postoperative complications occurred in 82 (43%) SLE patients and 58 (30%) without SLE, ( p = 0.01). Variables associated with infectious complications in SLE patients: prednisone use (OR 1.81, 95% CI 1.13–2.90), anemia (OR 2.43, 95% CI 1.45–4.08), hypoalbuminemia (OR 2.58, 95% CI 1.55–4.30) and lymphopenia (OR 2.43, 95% CI 1.52–3.89), p < 0.05. Variables associated with noninfectious complications: anemia (OR, 1.93, 95% CI 1.03–3.64) and hypoalbuminemia (OR 2.11, 95% CI 1.16–3.86), p < 0.05. Variables associated with any complication: SLEDAI-2K (OR 1.1, 95% CI 1.01–1.20), nephritis (OR 10.08, 95% CI 1.21–83.63), aspirin use (OR 2.68, 95% CI 1.19–6.02, p = 0.01), low C3 (OR 2.00, 95% CI 1.06–3.80), anemia (OR 2.68, 95% CI 1.39–5.18), hypoalbuminemia (OR 3.49, 95% CI 1.83–6.66) and lymphopenia (OR 2.36, 95% CI 1.30–4.26), p < 0.05. More patients with SLE died (6% vs 1%, p = 0.02). Conclusions SLE patients present higher frequency of postoperative complications and mortality compared with non-SLE patients. Hypoalbuminemia, anemia, lymphopenia and aspirin use are independent risk factors.
Trends in Clinical Characteristics and Short-Term Outcome of HIV-Infected Patients at a Tertiary Care Hospital in South India
Authors: Shamanna Suryanarayana Bettadpura , Matta Kiran Kumar , Hamide Abdoul 
Published: September 2018

Background: Limited information is available on changing trends in HIV positive patients treated with first-line antiretroviral therapy from India. Methods: The clinical characteristics and short-term outcome were compared between a retrospective group enrolled between January 2006 and March 2007 (06-07 group—100 patients) and a prospective group enrolled between February 2011 and March 2012 (10-12 group—85 patients). Results: Median age was 36 and 38 years in 06-07 and 10-12 groups, respectively. Median baseline CD4 count was 146 cells/mL3 in the 10-12 group, and it was not significantly different from that of 06-07 group. Tuberculosis was diagnosed 3 times more commonly in the 10-12 group. The retention proportion at the end of 10 months was 68% in the 10-12 group when compared to that of 59% in the 06-07 group. Conclusion: There was a trend toward improved outcome over the period of time, but the attrition rate remained high.
The influence of yoga on mediational relationships between sleep and cancer-related fatigue: A URCC NCORP RCT in 321 cancer patients.
Authors: Lin Po-Ju , Kleckner Ian , Cole Calvin , Janelsins Michelle Christine , Peppone Luke Joseph , Peoples Anita Roselyn , Culakova Eva , Heckler Charles E. , Gaur Rakesh , Giguere Jeffrey K. , Messino Michael J. , Ruzich Janet C. , Mustian Karen Michelle 
Published: September 2018

10007 Background: Cancer-related fatigue (CRF) is one of the most incapacitating adverse effects of cancer and its treatments. CRF co-occurs with impaired sleep quality in cancer survivors, increasing morbidity and mortality. We have previously shown that yoga significantly lowers CRF and improves sleep quality in survivors. However, it is not clear if the effect of yoga on CRF is mediated by improvements in sleep quality. This study assessed the mediating effects of changes in sleep quality stemming from YOCAS yoga on improvements in CRF. Methods: We conducted a secondary analysis on data collected from a multicenter phase III randomized controlled clinical trial with 2 arms (standard care and standard care + a 4-week YOCAS yoga intervention). 321 cancer patients (96% female; mean age, 54 years; 77% had breast cancer) reported both sleep quality, measured by the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI), and CRF, evaluated by Multidimensional Fatigue Scale Inventory (MFSI). Causal mediation analyses were used to estimate effects of the changes in global PSQI scores and in each PSQI subscale on the relationship between yoga and CRF. Results: Yoga significantly improved both CRF (p < 0.01) and sleep quality (p < 0.01), compared to standard care, with total reduction in CRF by 6.5 points. Sleep quality significantly mediated the changes in CRF by 1.4 points (p < 0.01) in addition to the direct effect of yoga on CRF reduction (by 5.1 points; p < 0.01), suggesting that 22% (95% CI: 7%-54%) of the reduction in CRF was mediated through improving sleep quality. Among the PSQI subscales, daytime dysfunction had the most mediating effect of yoga on CRF. In this model, yoga directly improved CRF by 4.1 points (p = 0.01) and the mediating effect of yoga on CRF via daytime dysfunction was 2.4 points (p < 0.01), suggesting that 37% (95% CI: 23%-81%) of the improvements in CRF was mediated through decreasing daytime dysfunction. Conclusions: Between 22 and 37% of the improvements in CRF from yoga are due to improvements in sleep quality and reductions in daytime dysfunction. Clinicians should consider prescribing yoga for survivors experiencing CRF in combination with sleep disorders. Funding: NCI UGCA189961, R25 CA102618. Clinical trial information: NCT00397930.
Adherence to geriatric assessment (GA)-based recommendations in older patients (pts) with cancer.
Authors: Decoster Lore , Kenis Cindy , Flamaing Johan , DeBruyne Philip , DeGroof Inge , Focan C. N. J. , Cornelis Frank , Verschaeve Vincent , Vanoverbeke Karen , Libert Yves , Luce Sylvie , Nols Nathalie , Van Den Bulck Heidi , Goeminne Jean Charles. , Baitar Abdelbari , Geboers Katrien , Lobelle Jean Pierre , Milisen Koen , Wildiers Hans 
Published: September 2018

10010 Background: In the general older population, GA-guided treatment plans improve overall survival, quality of life and functional status. In geriatric oncology, studies mainly focused on screening and assessment but not on geriatric interventions and follow-up. The aim of this study was to investigate the adherence to recommendations and subsequent interventions based on GA results in older pts with cancer. Methods: A prospective Belgian multicenter (n = 22) cohort study included pts ≥70 years with a malignant tumor when an oncological treatment decision had to be made. Pts with an abnormal G8 (≤14/17) underwent GA and were included in this study. Recommendations for interventions were formulated based on GA results. At follow-up adherence to GA-based recommendations was documented. Results: From 11-2012 till 2-2015, G8 screening was performed in 8451 pts. 5838 pts with an abnormal G8 were included in the study. Geriatric recommendations were given in 79.2% of pts with a median of 2/pt (range 0-10), most frequently consultation of a dietician (73%) for malnutrition, a social worker (54.8%) for social and functional status problems and a geriatrician (42.1%) for general geriatric problems. Follow-up data were available for 4167 pts. In the group of pts where recommendations were given, at least one intervention was performed in 69% with a median of 1/pt (range 0-6), most frequently dietician (43.4%), social worker (26.1%) and geriatrician (22.6%). A total of 7569 actions were undertaken for a total of 5725 geriatric recommendations. Recommendations were most frequently adhered to for malnutrition, social status and functional status problems. The most frequent actions undertaken were nutritional support and supplements, extended home care and psychological support. Conclusions: This large scale Belgian study focusses on the adherence to GA based interventions in older pts with cancer and contributes to the optimization of care for these pts. We identified the domains for which geriatric interventions are most frequently recommended and adhered to and which health care professionals and referrals are essential in the multidisciplinary approach of older pts with cancer.
Randomized trial of a cognitive-behavioral therapy mobile app for anxiety in patients with incurable cancer.
Authors: Greer Joseph , Jacobs Jamie M. , Pensak Nicole , MacDonald James , Fuh Charn-Xin , Perez Giselle Katiria , Ward Alina , Holt Anne , Tallen Colleen , Muzikansky Alona , Traeger Lara N. , Penedo Frank J. , Safren Steven , Pirl William F. , Temel Jennifer S. 
Published: September 2018

10022 Background: Patients with incurable cancer often experience marked anxiety that is associated with poor quality of life (QOL), high symptom burden, and complications with medical treatment. The aim of this study was to test the efficacy of a mobile app-based cognitive-behavioral therapy (CBT) intervention to treat anxiety symptoms in patients with incurable cancer. Methods: From 2/15 to 8/16, 145 patients with incurable cancers (e.g., advanced lung, breast, GI/GU, sarcoma, melanoma) who screened positive for at least mild anxiety symptoms (Hospital Anxiety & Depression Scale-Anxiety subscale, HADS-A > 7) were randomized 1:1 at two cancer centers to receive either the CBT mobile app for anxiety or a mobile health education program (control), delivered via tablet computers. The CBT app included 7 modules teaching skills to relax the body, reduce worry, stay present-focused, improve communication, and plan/pace activities, which patients completed over 12 weeks. To assess anxiety, mood, and QOL, we administered the Hamilton Anxiety Rating Scale (HAM-A), Clinical Global Impression Scale (CGI), HADS, and Functional Assessment of Cancer Therapy-General at baseline and 12 weeks. General linear models were used to assess the effect of the intervention on patient outcomes over time. Results: The sample was predominantly female (73.8%) and white (91.7%), with a mean age of 56.45 ( SD= 11.30) years. Both study groups reported significant improvements in anxiety, depression, and QOL from baseline to post-assessment (all p-values≤002), with no differences in the improved outcomes between groups. Secondary analyses showed interaction effects on anxiety between the intervention and baseline HAM-A scores. Among patients with higher baseline anxiety, those randomized to the CBT app had greater improvements on the HAM-A ( p= .043), CGI ( p= .048), and HADS-A ( p= .001) compared to the health education control group. Conclusions: Patients with incurable cancer who received either a CBT mobile app intervention or mobile health education program reported improvements in anxiety, depression, and QOL. However, the CBT mobile app had better outcomes than health education for patients with higher baseline anxiety. Clinical trial information: NCT02286466.
The PULSES project: Teaching the vital elements of code status discussions to oncology residents.
Authors: Levine Oren Hannun , Menjak Ines B. , Brule Stephanie Yasmin , McConnell Meghan , Dhesy-Thind Sukhbinder K. , Mukherjee Som , Brouwers Melissa C. 
Published: September 2018

10024 Background: Discussions with cancer patients around cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR), or ‘code status,’ are often led by trainees in oncology, but formal education for this competency is lacking. In this study, we developed and tested a novel communication tool, the PULSES framework, for informed code status decision-making (a six-step approach summarized by the PULSES acronym [Table 1]), through an educational workshop. Methods: A multicentre randomized controlled trial was carried out at 3 academic cancer centres in Ontario, Canada. Residents in medical oncology (MO) and radiation oncology (RO) programs completed a workshop and an observed structured clinical exam (OSCE). Participants were randomized to complete the training before the OSCE (experimental arm) or after the OSCE (control arm). Randomization was stratified for centre and oncology discipline. Expert raters evaluated communication with two rating tools: the novel PULSES scale and the communication skills assessment form (CSAF), a validated benchmark tool that is not specific to oncology content. The primary outcome was improvement in PULSES scores. Results: Forty-six residents consented to participate (28 RO and 18 MO). Groups were well balanced for program and year of training. Participants in the experimental group had higher mean PULSES score than those in the control group (80.4±13.5 vs 63.4±9.7; p < .001; maximum score = 108). There was no significant effect for program and no significant interaction between program and training condition. Scores for the PULSES and CSAF scales were highly correlated (R = 0.864). Conclusions: The PULSES training improved performance among oncology residents for code status discussions. Improved communication scores were not scale-specific. The PULSES framework offers a standardized approach and can be incorporated into competency-based curricula for postgraduate oncology programs. Future work will explore whether communication training in this area impacts patient-level outcomes. [Table: see text]
Early specialist palliative care for all hospitalized, advanced cancer patients (ACP)? Better outcomes with “up-front” versus “on-demand” palliative care.
Authors: Malec Monica , Hlubocky Fay J. , Levine Stacie K. , Wroblewski Kristen , Lane Bradford , Thomas Ashley , Dale William , Daugherty Christopher 
Published: September 2018

10026 Background: Palliative care improves outcomes for cancer patients, especially those with advanced disease. Optimal timing for initiation of specialist palliative care remains undetermined. We created a Supportive Oncology inpatient service that integrates immediate “up-front” palliative care (IPC) consultation for selected ACP to supplement our usual oncologic care (UOC) service, which continued to utilize “on-demand” palliative care consultation. Here, we compare ACP populations and selected outcomes between these two versions of in-patient cancer care. Methods: A retrospective cohort analysis of ACP receiving either IPC or UOC between Jan 2015-Dec 2015 (N = 809). ACP were compared for age, gender, race, and ethnicity. Disease severity was determined by APR DRG weight, Risk of Mortality (ROM), and Severity score. Outcomes included examining differences between groups for: Length of stay (LOS), Cost, and 30 day readmission rate. Univariate and multivariate analysis were employed. Results: 468 ACP were admitted to IPC and 341 to UOC. Compared with UOC, ACP assigned to IPC were significantly younger (61.1±13.2 vs 63.3±13.0, p = 0.02); more likely female (50% vs 40%, P = 0.005); and more likely to be AA (47% vs 35%, P = 0.005). After adjusting for gender, age, race, and encounter type, ACP receiving IPC had higher ROM (52% v 47%, p = 0.03). There were no differences in APR DRG weight (p = 0.30) or Severity scores (p = 0.34). IPC had significantly lower costs ($12,050 vs $15,990, p = 0.003), less 30-day readmissions (16% vs 23%, p = 0.03), and a trend toward shorter LOS (5.6 ± 4.9 vs 6.2 ± 6.5, p = 0.10). Conclusions: Our data provides additional evidence for the benefits of earlier specialist palliative care consultation services, including patients traditionally identified as underserved.
Chemotherapy toxicity risk score (CTRS) for treatment decision in older patients with advanced solid cancer.
Authors: Nishijima Tomohiro F. , Deal Allison Mary , Williams Grant Richard , Sanoff Hanna Kelly , Nyrop Kirsten A , Muss Hyman B. 
Published: September 2018

10030 Background: The decision whether to treat older patients (pts) with advanced cancer with standard (ST) or reduced therapy (RT) is complicated by heterogeneity in aging. Currently, clinical impression based largely on age and performance status, determines whether a pt is fit or unfit for ST. We evaluated the potential utility of the CTRS (Hurria JCO 2011) for treatment decision in older cancer pts. Methods: This is a prospective observational study of older pts (+65) receiving first-line chemotherapy for locally advanced or metastatic cancer for which combination chemotherapy is the standard of care. CTRS was calculated before therapy initiation assuming the pts received ST (combination therapy at the standard dose). Pts were categorized as high risk (CTRS ≥10; RT (dose reduced combination or single agent chemotherapy) deemed appropriate) or non-high risk (CTRS <10; ST deemed appropriate) for grade 3-5 adverse events (gr3-5 AEs). Treatment decision was left to the treating physician who was blinded to the CTRS result. We estimated the agreement in chemotherapy choice (ST vs RT) between treating physician and CTRS using the kappa statistic. Results: 44 pts (median 71 years) with GI (68%), GU (14%), lung (14%) or HEENT (5%) cancer were enrolled. 29 pts received ST (11 had CTRS ≥10 and 18 had CTRS <10) and 15 pts received RT (10 had CTRS ≥10 and 5 had CTRS <10). The kappa statistic showed only modest agreement in chemotherapy choice (0.26, 95%CI = -0.01 to 0.54) between physician and CTRS. Gr3-4 AEs and hospitalization due to AE occurred in 50% and 29% of 42 pts with follow-up data, respectively. There was no fatal AE. Among pts receiving ST, pts with CTRS ≥10 had a significantly higher incidence of gr3-4 AEs and hospitalization than those with CTRS <10 using Fisher's exact test (Table). In the RT group, there was no significant difference in incidence of gr3-4 AEs or hospitalization between pts with CTRS ≥10 and CTRS <10. Conclusions: Incorporation of CTRS in treatment decision may increase the proportion of elderly pts with advanced cancer who receive tolerable treatment. [Table: see text]