bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Behavioral Organization in Infants with Intraventricular Hemorrhage: Characteristics and Clinical Implications
Authors: Barbosa Vanessa Maziero , Powlesland Jean 
Published: September 2018

PurposeThis study examined the neurobehavioral functioning in preterm infants diagnosed with intraventricular hemorrhage (IVH) grades III and IV, using the Assessment of Preterm Infants’ Behavior (APIB).Design and SampleThe APIB was completed on nine infants with IVH III/IV at 36 and 40weeks postmenstrual age to determine the effects of IVH on the neurobehavioral functioning and maturation over time. The APIB neurobehavioral scores (i.e., physiologic, motor, state, attention/interaction, regulatory, and examiner facilitation subsystem scores) were examined in relation to the two different testing times and to infants without lesion.ResultsAPIB scores at 36weeks suggested easily disorganized and poorly modulated behavioral regulation and low threshold of disorganization and stress. At 40 weeks, poor overall behavioral regulation persisted; only motor differences statistically improved between the two ages. Neurobehavior was significantly poor in all but state subsystems when tested at both ages in infants with a brain lesion.
Psychometric Properties of the Authentic Leadership Inventory in the Nursing Profession
Authors: Davidson Elizabeth Sloan , Mitchell Anita , Beverly Claudia , Brown Lana M. , Rettiganti Mallikarjuna , Walden Marlene , Wright Patricia 
Published: September 2018

Background and Purpose:A valid and reliable Authentic Leadership (AL) measurement instrument is paramount as nursing leadership research grows. The purpose of this study was to analyze the reliability and construct validity of the Authentic Leadership Inventory (ALI) among nurses.Methods:This study was a cross-sectional, prospective design that explored the relationship between registered nurses’ (RNs) perceptions of AL qualities in nurse managers in a random sample of RNs working in an acute care setting.Results:A Cronbach α 0.96 confirmed reliability. Exploratory factor analysis determined a one-factor structure. Confirmatory factor analysis utilized the one-factor structure for a final best-fit model (χ2= 107.3,df= 70,p= .003; TLI = 0.95, CFI = 0.96, RMSEA = 0.08).Conclusions:This study gives support to using the ALI with the nursing profession.
The Effect of Watson’s Human Caring Model on Meaning of Life and Symptom Management in Cancer Patients Undergoing Chemotherapy
Authors: Aktürk Ümmühan , Erci Behice 
Published: September 2018

Purpose:The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of Watson’s Human Caring Model on the meaning of life and symptom management in cancer patients undergoing chemotherapy.Design:The study was conducted using a real test model featuring a pretest and posttest and a control group.Methods:The sample consisted of 158 adult cancer patients (79 in both the experimental and control groups). The sample size was determined and the participants were allocated to groups using power analysis and a random sampling method. For the pretest, both groups completed an introductory questionnaire, the Life Attitude Profile, and the General Symptom Inventory. Then, the experimenter visited the experimental group patients’ homes three times, at 2-week intervals, to provide nursing care based on Watson’s model. Finally, after 8 weeks, a posttest was conducted by having both groups complete the Life Attitude Profile and General Symptom Inventory once again.Results:In the experimental group, the mean total posttest score for the Life Attitude Profile was determined to be 164.21 ± 36.5, and the mean total General Symptom Inventory score was 55.06 ± 13.19; however, in the control group, the mean total Life Attitude Profile score was 127.31 ± 10.61 and the mean total General Symptom Inventory score was 136.91 ± 16.20. The mean differences between the groups were statistically significant (p < .001).Implications for Practice:Care based on Watson’s model increases the sense of meaning in life and decreases symptom levels for patients undergoing chemotherapy.
Police Response to Domestic Violence: The Influence of Extralegal Factors on Arrest Decisions
Authors: Mele Marie 
Published: September 2018

AbstractThis study examines extralegal factors that predict arrest in domestic violence cases from one urban police department in the state of New Jersey. Initial analysis revealed that 40% of reported cases (N = 5,728) resulted in the suspect’s arrest. Bivariate analyses identified several predictors of arrest, including victim gender, victim/suspect relationship, cohabitation, and victim unemployment. At the multivariate level, cohabitation and victim unemployment were the strongest predictors of arrest. These findings are discussed in the context of a growing body of literature that examines the influence of extralegal factors on arrest decisions in domestic violence cases.
The influence of dissolved oxygen on partial nitritation/anammox performance and microbial community of the 200,000 m3/d activated sludge process at the Changi water reclamation plant (2011 to 2016)
Authors: Cao Yeshi , Kwok Bee Hong , van Loosdrecht Mark C. M. , Daigger Glen , Png Hui Yi , Long Wah Yuen , Eng Ooi Kian 
Published: September 2018

Abstract
Mainstream partial nitritation/anammox (PN/A), coupled with excess biological phosphorus removal, in a 200,000 m3/d step-feed activated sludge process (Train 2) in the Changi Water Reclamation Plant (WRP), Singapore, has been studied and reported. This paper presents an overview of process performance and the microbial community during the period from 2011 to 2016. The site data showed that, along with the reduction of dissolved oxygen (DO) from 1.7 to 1.0 mg O2/L in the aeration zones, the concentrations of ammonium and nitrate of the final effluent increased, while nitrite decreased, resulting in an increase of 2.4 mg N/L of total inorganic nitrogen. Autotrophic nitrogen removal was higher than heterotrophic biological nitrogen removal under higher DO concentration conditions, but decreased under low DO operating condition. These macro-scale changes were caused by shifts of the nitrogen-converting microbial community. The ammonia oxidizing bacteria (AOB) population abundance was reduced by 30 times, while the nitrite oxidizing bacteria (NOB) population abundance and specific activity increased significantly with a shift of dominant genus from Nitrobacter to Nitrospira. The ratio of AOB and NOB specific activities were reduced from 12.8 to 1.6, and the ex situ nitrite accumulation ratio reduced from 76% to 29%. Changes in the microbial community and overall process performance illustrated that, compared to the excellent NOB suppression under high DO conditions, NOB were more active after the DO concentration reduction despite still being partly suppressed. This case study demonstrated, for the first time, the influence of DO reduction on the nitrogen conversion microbial community and PN/A process performance for a suspended growth system. Its relevance to biofilm and hybrid PN/A processes is also discussed.
Microalgae as biological treatment for municipal wastewater – effects on the sludge handling in a treatment plant
Authors: Olsson J. , Schwede S. , Nehrenheim E. , Thorin E. 
Published: September 2018

Abstract
A mix of microalgae and bacteria was cultivated on pre-sedimented municipal wastewater in a continuous operated microalgae-activated sludge process. The excess material from the process was co-digested with primary sludge in mesophilic and thermophilic conditions in semi-continuous mode (5 L digesters). Two reference digesters (5 L digesters) fed with waste-activated sludge (WAS) and primary sludge were operated in parallel. The methane yield was slightly reduced (≈10%) when the microalgal-bacterial substrate was used in place of the WAS in thermophilic conditions, but remained approximately similar in mesophilic conditions. The uptake of heavy metals was higher with the microalgal-bacterial substrate in comparison to the WAS, which resulted in higher levels of heavy metals in the digestates. The addition of microalgal-bacterial substrate enhanced the dewaterability in thermophilic conditions. Finally, excess heat can be recovered in both mesophilic and thermophilic conditions.
Melanoma Skin Cancer Detection based on Image Processing
Authors: Zghal Nadia Smaoui , Derbel Nabil 
Published: September 2018

Background:
Skin cancer is one of the most common forms of cancers among
humans. It can be classified as non-melanoma and melanoma. Although melanomas are less
common than non-melanomas, the former is the most common cause of mortality. Therefore,
it becomes necessary to develop a Computer-aided Diagnosis (CAD) aiming to detect
this kind of lesion and enable the diagnosis of the disease at an early stage in order to augment
the patient’s survival likelihood.

Aims:
This paper aims to develop a simple method capable of detecting and classifying skin
lesions using dermoscopy images based on ABCD rules.

Methods:
The proposed approach follows four steps. 1) The preprocessing stage consists of
filtering and contrast enhancing algorithms. 2) The segmentation stage aims at detecting the
lesion. 3) The feature extraction stage based on the calculation of the four parameters which
are asymmetry, border irregularity, color and diameter. 4) The classification stage based on
the summation of the four extracted parameters multiplied by their weights yields the total
dermoscopy value (TDV); hence, the lesion is classified into benign, suspicious or malignant.
The proposed approach is implemented in the MATLAB environment and the experiment
is based on PH2 database containing suspicious melanoma skin cancer.

Results and Conclusion:
Based on the experiment, the accuracy of the developed approach
is 90%, which reflects its reliability.
ZnO Nanoparticles Catalyst in the Synthesis of Bioactive Fused Pyrimidines as Anti-breast Cancer Agents Targeting VEGFR-2
Authors: Dawood Dina H. , Abbas Eman M.H. , Farghaly Thoraya A. , Ali Mamdouh M. , Ibrahim Mohammed F. 
Published: September 2018

Background:
Pyrimidines emerged as a remarkable class of heterocyclic compounds
that have reinforced the pharmaceutical chemistry with various bioactive antitumor agents.
Moreover, pyrimidine scaffold displayed VEGFR-2 inhibitory activity. Also, nano-sized catalysts
are used in organic reactions in order to speed up the catalytic process.

Objective:
We were interested herein to synthesize a new series of fused pyrimidines using
ZnO(NPs) to investigate their antitumor efficiency against breast MCF7 cancer and their VEGFR-
2 inhibition properties.

Method:
A simple and efficient method for the synthesis of fused pyrimidines was developed using
zinc oxide nanoparticles ZnO(NPs) in refluxing ethanol.

Results:
The proposed structures of all new fused pyrimidines are in agreement with their spectral
data. Antitumor evaluation of newly fused pyrimidine derivatives against breast MCF-7 cancer
was performed. It was apparent that the 2-phenylpyrazolo[1,5-a]pyrimidine derivatives 9a (IC50 =
9.12±1.16 µg/ml), 9c (IC50 = 9.10±1.07 µg/ml) and 9d (IC50 = 9.60±1.22 &µg/ml) exhibited equipotent
antitumor activity as Tamoxifen (IC50 = 9.11±0.90 &µg/ml). Also, the inhibitory activity of
the novel fused pyrimidine derivatives on VEGFR-2 as well as Tamoxifen was determined using
breast cancer cell line MCF-7. The data was obvious that 2-phenylpyrazolo[1,5-a]pyrimidine derivatives
9a, 9c and 9d exhibited noticeable VEGFR-2 inhibitory effect with % inhibition ranging
from 80-84 % versus Tamoxifen 93.5%.

Conclusion:
We succeeded in this context to synthesize new fused pyrimidines using ZnO(NPs)
as anti-breast cancer agents targeting VEGFR-2.<p&gt;
Thyroid Function in Egyptian Children with Sickle Cell Anemia in Correlation with Iron Load
Authors: Hagag Adel A. , El-Asy Hassan M. , Badraia Ibrahim M. , Hablas Nahed M. , El-Latif Amal Ezzat Abd 
Published: September 2018

Background:
Sickle Cell Disease (SCD) is characterized by defective hemoglobin synthesis,
hemolytic anemia, frequent thrombosis and chronic organ damage including endocrine organs.
</P><P>
Aim: To assess thyroid function in children with SCD in correlation and iron load.
</P><P>
Patients and Method: This study was conducted on 40 children with SCD with iron overload (serum
ferritin more than 1000 ng/ml) including 22 males and 18 females with their ages ranging from 11-14
years and mean age value of 11.63&#177;1.36 years and 40 healthy children of matched age and sex as a
control group. For all patients; complete blood count, hemoglobin electrophoresis, serum ferritin, serum
iron, iron binding capacity and thyroid function including Free Thyroxine (FT4), Free Triiodothyronine
(FT3), Thyroid Stimulating Hormone (TSH), Thyroid Peroxidase Antibody (TPOAb) and Thyroglobulin
Antibody (TgAb) were done.

Results:
Significantly higher serum ferritin and iron and significantly lower Total Iron Binding Capacity
(TIBC) were found in patients compared with controls (mean serum ferritin was
1665.2&#177;1387.65ng/ml in patients versus 192.55&#177;107.2ng/ml in controls with p-value of 0. 007, mean
serum iron was 164±83.9 ug/dl in patients versus 89.5&#177;4.5ug/dl in controls with p-value of 0.039, mean
TIBC was 238&#177;44.5ug/dl in patients versus 308&#177;11ug/dl in controls with p-value of 0.001). Significantly
higher serum TSH and significantly lower Free T3 and Free T4 were found in patients compared
with controls with no significant correlation between thyroid hormones and serum ferritin (mean serum
TSH was 4.61&#177;1.2 &#181;IU/mL in patients versus 2.11 &#177; 0.54 &#181;IU /mL in controls with p-value of 0. 045,
mean serum FT3 was 2.61 ±1.3 pg/mL versus 3.93±0.47pg/mL in controls with p-value of 0.027, mean
serum FT4 was 0.91&#177;0.174 ng/dL versus 1.44&#177; 0.164 ng/dLin controls with p-value of 0.047, r = - 0. 008
and p-value was 0. 973 for correlation between free T4 and serum ferritin, r = -0. 028 and p-value was 0. 9
for correlation between TSH and serum ferritin and r= - 0.259 and p-value was 0.27 for correlation betweenT3
and serum ferritin). There were no significant differences between patients and controls regarding
thyroid peroxidase antibody and thyroglobulin antibody (mean serum thyroid peroxidase antibody was
22.45&#177; 4.32 in patients versus 22.45 &#177; 3.21 in controls with p-value of 0.98 while mean serum thyroglobulin
antibody was 12.32 &#177; 2.65 in patients versus 12.99 &#177; 2.34 in controls with p-value of 0.76.

Conclusion:
Thyroid hormones deficiency may occur in some patients with SCD.
</P><P>
Recommendations: Regular assessment of thyroid function in children with SCD may be recommended
as they are more vulnerable to develop hypothyroidism and may require replacement therapy.
Maximizing Biomass and Lipid Production in Heterotrophic Culture of Chlorella vulgaris: Techno-Economic Assessment
Authors: Morowvat Mohammad H. , Ghasemi Younes 
Published: September 2018

Background:
Nowadays, chlorophycean microalgae have attained a broad-spectrum attention
as a potential candidate for biomass and bioenergy production. Despite their appreciated
benefits, one of major problems is their low biomass and lipid productivity. Here we investigated
the heterotrophic culture in shake flasks and stirred tank bioreactor to improve the lipid and biomass
production in a naturally isolated strain of Chlorella vulgaris.

Methods:
A naturally isolated C. vulgaris strain was cultivated in BG-11 medium in shake flask
and bioreactor. Its biochemical composition and growth kinetic parameters were investigated.

Results:
The biomass productivity was improved (3.68 fold) under heterotrophic culture compared
to basal autotrophic culture condition in shake flask experiment. The total lipid content increased to
44% of total Dry Cell Weight (DCW) during heterotrophic growth after 21 days. Moreover, a great
Fatty Acid Methyl Esters (FAME) yield was observed under heterotrophic cultivation. Total biomass
and lipid content of microalgae in bioreactor experiment increased to 4.95 and 2.18 g L-1 respectively,
during 5 days of the experiment compared to its basic autotrophic culture.

Conclusion:
The techno-economic aspects of exploiting C. vulgaris as a biodiesel feedstock werealso
evaluated. The results imply that heterotrophic cultivation could compensate the low biomass
productivity in microalgae for green energy production. Ever growing rates of established patents
on application of various genetic and bioengineering-based methods have made it possible to
achieve higher lipid contents with reduced total costs for microalgal biodiesel production as well.
Habitat Aedes Pradewasa dan Indeks Entomologi di 11 Kabupaten/Kota Provinsi Sumatera Selatan
Authors: Ambarita Lasbudi Pertama , Sitorus Hotnida , Komaria Rahayu Hasti 
Published: September 2018

Dengue fever and dengue haemorrhagic fever still becomes public health problems in South Sumatera Province with all of its regencies/cities have infested with Aedes aegypti. This research aimed to determine Aedes entomological indices and its breeding habitats. The research located at 11 regencies/cities, where in every regencies/cities determined two clusters (village) based on incidence rate in the last three years. Survey of preadult mosquito was carried out inside and outside areas of 1181 houses using single larva method with modification. The survey found that the dengue vector indices for house index, breteau index, and container index were at range 22,6% - 60,6%, 26,4 – 154,1 and 8,0% - 36,2% respectively. The most dominant water holding containers found infested with pre-adults mosquito were cement tanks (33,4%), followed by buckets (18,2%) and drums (14,7%). Inside houses, larva or pupae found dominants in cement tanks (44,3%), buckets (19,5%) and drums (13,9%), while outside of the house were used containers (20,7%), followed by drums (16,7%), buckets (15,0%) and used tires (11,9%). Statistical analysis by chi-square test showed a significant relationship between infested of Aedes pre-adults with characteristic of containers (colours, volume, location found and containers). Larval survey by visiting houses should carry out routinely and integrated into dengue vector control program.
Pengaruh Seragamisasi Celana/Rok Panjang dalam Mencegah Kejadian Demam Berdarah Dengue pada Siswa Sekolah Dasar
Authors: Soebowo Mada Gautama , Prasetya Dias Irawan , Hadisaputro Soeharyo , Adi Sakundarno 
Published: September 2018

DHF is still remains a health problem in Indonesia, especially in Semarang City. Based on data from Semarang City Health Office at 2014, DHF affected the age group 1-14 years as many sufferers of 1,065 (65%), in children ages 6-12 years old groups only has recorded 336 sufferers (ITP 20.6%). Several protective factors that prevent mosquito bite in children is wearing pants/skirt length, use of repellent, installation of bednet, and installation of net mosquitoes. The aims of this research was toprove whether wearing long pants/skirt could prevent the occurrence of DHF in elementary students. The design was a case control study. Total sample was 160 children (80 children per group) selected by proportional random sampling with due regard to inclusion and exclusion criteria. Data analysis was bivariate with chi-square test and multivariate logistic regression. There were variables that may prevented the incidence of DHF in school children which were wearing pants/long skirts at home (p=0.003; Or=2,781; 95% CI=1,412-5,476), installation of net mosquitoes in the windows (p=0,018; Or=2,462; 95% CI=1,166-5,200). Results of this research showed that the occurrence of DHF in children can prevented by wearing pants/long skirts at home, and the installation of net mosquitoes at windows home.
Infeksi Ganda Leptospira dan Hantavirus pada Rattus norvegicus di Maumere Flores, Nusa Tenggara Timur
Authors: Mulyono Arif , Ristiyanto Ristiyanto , Putro Dimas Bagus Wicaksono 
Published: September 2018

Infection of Leptospirosis and Hantavirus are increased which related to global warming. Rattus norvegicus is reservoirs of both of diseases infections. Dual infection of Leptospira and Hantavirus in R. norvegicus become risk factor of Leptospira and Hantavirus infection in the human. The objective of this study is to figure out the prevalence of Dual infection in R. norvegicus. This study was descriptive research with cross-sectional design. The population of study was R. norvegicus in Maumere City, Flores. The rats (n=114) were trapped from perimeter and buffer area of Maumere Port, Flores in August to November 2014. Leptospira in R. norvegicus detected by PCR used specific primers for 16S rRNA gene and Hantavirus by nested – PCR used specific primers for the L segment. The data was analysed using descriptive analysis. The prevalence of Leptospira in R. norvegicus was 4.3%, hantavirus was 22,8% and dual infection of Leptospira and Hantavirus was 1.8%. The transmission dual infection of leptospirosis and Hantavirus are potentially occured in Maumere.
A note on the Probability that first component fails before the second component
Authors: Husain Ehtesham , Haq Masood ul 
Published: September 2018

<p><span>The reliability (unreliability) and life testing are important topics in the field of engineering, electronic, <span>medicine, economic and many more, where we are interested in, life of components, human organs, <span>subsystem and system. Statistically, a probability distribution failure time (life time) of a certain form is <span>usually assumed to give reliability of a component for a system for each time t. Some well known <span>parametric life time models (T ≥ 0) are Exponential, Weibull, Inverse Weibull, Gamma, Lognormal, <span>normal ( T&gt;0 ; left truncated ) etc. </span></span></span></span></span></span></p><p><span><span><span><span><span><span><span>In this paper we consider a system that, has two components with independent but non-identical life time <span>probabilities explained by two distinct random variables say T<span>1 <span>and T<span>2 <span>, where T<span>1 <span>has a constant hazard <span>rate and T<span>2 <span>has an increasing hazard respectively </span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span><br /><br class="Apple-interchange-newline" /></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></p>
Processo de colonização e políticas desenvolvimentistas do Mato Grosso, Brasil: uma discussão sobre o desmatamento
Authors: Spanholi Maira Luiza , Dos Passos Alessandra Maria Filippin 
Published: September 2018

A busca pela colonização de novas terras e a criação de políticas públicas voltadas para o desenvolvimento do Estado de Mato Grosso, Brasil, ocasionaram grande desmatamento de suas florestas, pois priorizavam a exploração dos recursos naturais e a transformação de áreas para a produção de alimentos. Diante disso, esse estudo objetivou trazer uma reflexão sobre a influência do processo de colonização e das políticas desenvolvimentistas no desmatamento no Estado de Mato Grosso. Trata-se de um estudo qualitativo, por meio dede uma revisão bibliográfica nas diversas bases de dados científicos. Historicamente, as políticas públicas voltadas para o desenvolvimento regional priorizaram a ocupação de territórios em detrimento do meio ambiente. No Estado de Mato Grosso, o processo de colonização se voltou para a exploração de recursos madeireiros, tendo em vista a diversidade de espécies na região. Dados tais fatores, o Estado de Mato Grosso representa 20% de todo o desmatamento identificado na Amazônia Legal em 2017. Pode-se concluir que as políticas desenvolvimentistas implantadas no Estado, preocuparam-se em explorar o seu potencial econômico e recursos naturais para desenvolver a região, tendo em vista retornos econômicos e não atestando a importância da manutenção das florestas.