bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Preformed-Particle-Gel Placement and Plugging Performance in Fractures With Tips
Authors: Wang Ze , Bai Baojun 
Published: October 2018

Summary
Preformed-particle gels (PPGs) have been applied for reducing excessive water production caused by fractures in reservoirs. A portion of the fractures existing in reservoirs is composed of a void part and a fracture tip. The PPG placement behavior and plugging performance could be mainly affected by the fracture tips. A fracture with a tip, called a “partially open fracture” in this paper, was designed to investigate the placement and water-plugging performance of PPG. Cylindrical sandstone cores were used to manufacture partially open fractures. Pressure data of PPG injection, post-gel water breakthrough, and stable injection were analyzed to investigate the PPG propagation and plugging performance with respect to water. Experiments with different PPG placing pressures were conducted to explore the effects of pressure on PPG water-plugging performance and dehydration. In the fractures with tips, the PPG injection pressure increased rapidly, and could reach any designed pressure with continued injection after gel filled the fracture. By setting the PPG placing pressure at 500, 1,000, and 2,000 psi, the blocking efficiency to water showed a growth with the increase of placing pressure. The reswelling experiments show that PPG samples dehydrated when exposed to a high pressure difference between fracture and porous rock. Moreover, the placed PPG dehydrated relatively evenly along the fracture. Some gel particles were found whitening and reducing the capability of reswelling at the placing pressure of 2,000 psi. Scanning-electron-microscope (SEM) images indicated that the distinct 3D network of the PPG was compressed or damaged in the whitish sample. In addition, a discussion about PPG dehydration and fracture-tip extension is provided. In general, this study experimentally characterized PPG placement and plugging performance with respect to water in the fracture with tips. The PPG dehydration and fracture extension in PPG treatment, which have not drawn much attention in the literature, are investigated in this paper.
Investigation of Graphene Oxide Nanoparticles Effect on Heavy Oil Viscosity
Authors: Elshawaf Mohamed 
Published: October 2018

Abstract
Heavy oil and bitumen comprise nearly 70% of remaining oil reserves. Producing such oil is very challenging and critical, as its viscosity should be reduced to a level which can be mobile in the reservoir that can be made by different thermal recovery methods. Aquathermolysis reaction is the main objective used to analysis and explain the effect of nanoparticles addition on heavy oil for viscosity reduction. Several thermal recovery techniques have been implemented using different nanometals for recovery improvement of heavy oil reservoirs and viscosity reduction.
These published trials focused on nanometals but none of them addressed usage of Graphene oxide nanoparticles for such improvement of heavy oil recovery, and therefore this paper represents an experimental investigation of graphene oxide effect on heavy oil production. The present work examines graphene oxide nanoparticle effect on heavy oil viscosity since graphene is a superlative material that has an extraordinary thermal conductivity up to ten times value of any nanometal. In order to check its efficiency for Heavy oil recovery.
In our work, the concentration used for these nanoparticles is ranging from 0.01: 0.5 wt. %. The viscosity of these nanoparticles with heavy oil sample has been measured to explain the expected improvement in recovery factor. The Experimental work showed a large change in the viscosity after using nano Graphene oxide reached to 40:60% reduction in its original values. In addition to the viscosity, the effect of reservoir temperature is investigated. The range of temperature used in this study varies between 40° to 100° C. These results reflect strong indications for better viscosity reduction. Therefore, better recovery factor for this heavy oil. Also, Therotical and experimental explanation have been conducted for that viscosity reduction behavior.
Thus, this present research provides an investigation of aquathermolysis reaction for such materials which is the main reason for that heavy oil viscosity reduction behavior, also it represents Graphene Oxide as new nanoparticles for improving Heavy Oil Recovery that will create a new era in thermal recovery for heavy oil. Also, an economic study is investigated.
Development of a Physical Hydrodynamic Hydrocarbon-Trap Model
Authors: Thara Yasir Yousuf 
Published: October 2018

Abstract
Hydrodynamic oil traps are unconventional traps in which hydrocarbons are trapped due to a flowing aquifer. Oil and gas migration occur in water-saturated zones as it moves from the source rock to the reservoir rock. In special cases where the water is in static conditions applying only a vertical buoyancy force, gas, oil and water segregate with horizontal contacts resulting in the widely accepted gas-oil-water configuration bound by an impermeable cap rock on the top. However, this is rarely the case as ground-water is usually in a flowing condition. Under hydrodynamic conditions, flow of water not only relocates and tilts the hydrocarbon-water contact but under some cases, can also cause trapping of hydrocarbons without any structural closure.
To further expand upon the idea put forth by M.J. Munn (1909) and then unified by King Hubbert (1954), the purpose of this research is to understand the hydrodynamic theory with the help of physical models of a reservoir, and develop meaningful mathematical relationships. To understand the effects better, a series of experiments were conducted by varying parameters which affect the results directly, such as flow rate of water, amount of gas/oil inserted and tilt in the reservoir. In this research study, air was used as the gas along with different oil samples applicable to my experimental setup. Another setup was developed to study the manometer effect in reservoirs. In this experiment, the possibility of developing a tilted hydrocarbon contact due to increased water flow from one side was assessed.
A critical and systematic review of the observations in the lab helped us confirm the hydrodynamic theory, trapping without structural closure and some other key findings. Higher volumes of hydrocarbon can be trapped at higher flow rates of water as the drag force by the water resists the movement of the hydrocarbon due to density differences. The volume of hydrocarbon trapped also varies for the same flow rate at different angles of tilt in the formation. Looking at the bigger picture, in the case of continuous flow from one end to the anticline, where the other end is open to flow, a clear change in the elevation of the contact can be observed. A tilted hydrocarbon-water contact is achieved once the spill-point is reached as the trapped hydrocarbon moves from the crest of the anticline towards the slope. Even in the case of a closed outlet, continuous addition of water to the system from one end leads to compression of the trapped hydrocarbon resulting in the change in the elevation of contacts.
Calibration Method for the Wavelength and Uniformity of Pixel Response in Photodetector Arrays
Authors: Botero-Valencia J.-S. , Valencia-Aguirre J. , Marquez-Viloria D.A. , Vargas-Bonilla J.-F. , Gallardo-del Angel A. 
Published: October 2018

Abstract
Digital cameras are photodetector arrays that respond to particular bands of the electromagnetic spectrum, and specifically those in the visible spectrum between 380 and 780 nm are the most commonly used. The main cameras function is store the image from an aesthetic point of view, when these are used in home applications. For this reason, several processes are used in image reconstruction to improve the visual appearance, even from the manufacturing process of sensor decreasing the possibility to obtain optical measurements with this cameras. However, digital cameras can also be used as optical measuring instruments knowing their features in depth. Therefore, in this paper is proposed a calibration method for monochrome digital camera using a monochromator and an automatic rotation system. In this way, the uniformity of the pixels response is verified, bad pixels are detected, and the sensitivity curve is obtained. The results show the advantages of the method to find regions of pixels turned off. Also, the value of sensitivity as a function of wavelength is obtained to verify the regions with significant changes of uniformity. This work aims to the prototyping of a color measurement system and it is very important a comprehensive understanding of the camera.
Widespread cortical PET abnormalities in an adolescent related to a PNES dissociative state, PTSD, ADHD, and domestic violence exposure
Authors: Stevanovic Dejan , Brajkovic Leposava , Srivastava Madhur Kumar , Krgovic Ivan , Jancic Jasna 
Published: October 2018

Abstract
Background: Accumulated evidence indicates that exposure to trauma is associated with the development of cognitive impairments and psychiatric symptoms in children and adolescents.
Objective: In this case study of a female adolescent of 17 years, we aimed to evaluate how cortical positron emission tomography (PET) abnormalities relate to psychogenic non-epileptic seizure (PNES) dissociative state, post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD), attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD), and domestic violence exposure.
Methods: Detailed psychiatric and neuropsychological assessment was performed initially, followed by a PET study. The PET imaging was carried out in the resting-state and in the dissociative-state.
Results: The adolescent was suffering from multiple episodes of unconsciousness, all found to be psychogenic; thus, PNES was diagnosed. However, at the psychopathology symptom level, the adolescent had heightened impulsivity, hyperactivity, hyperarousal, anxiety, somatic, and dissociative/ functional neurological symptoms present separately or concurrently at some point during her life; thus, the criteria for PTSD and ADHD were also fulfilled. In the resting state, significant hypometabolism was observed in the occipital, occipitotemporal, polar, and mesial parts of the temporal regions bilaterally, fronto-parietal medial and lateral pericental regions, and fronto-temporal and insular region on the left. The most intense metabolism was observed in the posterior cingulate gyrus and the medial parts of the posterior parietal lobe. In the dissociative state, there was a slight increase in the metabolism of the brain globally compared with the resting state, but with identical distribution of the regional changes observed.
Conclusions: Widespread cortical PET abnormalities were found, possibly indicating alterations in large-scale brain networks, in a patient with PNES and a dissociative state, PTSD, and ADHD, who was exposed to chronic domestic violence
Conjunction of emotional ANN (EANN) and wavelet transform for rainfall-runoff modeling
Authors: Sharghi Elnaz , Nourani Vahid , Molajou Amir , Najafi Hessam 
Published: October 2018

Abstract
The current research introduces a combined wavelet-emotional artificial neural network (WEANN) approach for one-time-ahead rainfall-runoff modeling of two watersheds with different geomorphological and land cover conditions at daily and monthly time scales, to utilize within a unique framework the ability of both wavelet transform (to mitigate the effects of non-stationary) and emotional artificial neural network (EANN, to identify and individualize wet and dry conditions by hormonal components of the artificial emotional system). To assess the efficiency of the proposed hybrid model, the model efficiency was also compared with so-called EANN models (as a new generation of ANN-based models) and wavelet-ANN (WANN) models (as a multi-resolution forecasting tool). The obtained results indicated that for daily scale modeling, WEANN outperforms the other models (EANN and WANN). Also, the obtained results for monthly modeling showed that WEANN could outperform the WANN and EANN models up to 17% and 35% in terms of validation and training efficiency criteria, respectively. Also, the obtained results highlighted the capability of the proposed WEANN approach to better learning of extraordinary and extreme conditions of the process in the training phase.
Chitosan Nanoparticles as a Carrier for Indigofera intricata Plant Extract: Preparation, Characterization and Anticancer Activity
Authors: Shahiwala Aliasgar , Shehab Naglaa G. , Khider Maryam , Khan Rawoof 
Published: October 2018

Background:
Cancer is one of the major causes of the death and affects people of all
ages throughout the world. The drugs that are currently available to treat cancer have many side
effects. Hence, there is considerable scientific interest in the continuing discovery of new
anticancer agents from natural sources. The aim of this study was to prepare and characterize
nanoparticles combining Indigofera intricata crude alcoholic extract and chitosan and to evaluate
the anticancer cell proliferative activity for both extract and nanoparticles.

Methods:
Dried alcoholic extract was prepared and characterized for its phenolic and flavonoid
contents. Chitosan extract nanoparticles was prepared by ionic gelation method and characterized
by thin layer chromatography (TLC), Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), particle
size and zeta-potential analysis. The anticancer cell proliferative activities of both plant extract
and nanoparticles at different concentrations were evaluated using breast cancer cell line (MCF 7).

Results:
The alcoholic extract showed high contents from both phenolic and flavonoid constituents
(15 % and 22 % respectively). The interaction of polyphenolic compounds of the extract with
chitosan was confirmed by the TLC and FTIR results. The particle size and zeta-potential of
nanoparticles found to be 400.6nm ± 101.8 nm and +42.1 mV ± 9.27 mV respectively. The plant
extract showed the lowest cell viability of 45.21% ± 4.8% at the highest dose (250 mg) tested in
this investigation. Almost 500-fold reduction (from 250 mg to 0.5 mg) in the extract concentration
required to achieve same anticancer cell proliferative activity when formulated as nanoparticles.
Also 2.5 mg extract containing nanoparticles showed similar anticancer cell proliferative activity
as 5 mg 5-FU.

Conclusion:
Our results revealed that traditional medicinal plants could be an excellent source of
natural anticancer agents and the chitosan-extract nanoparticles is a promising formulation strategy
to enhance their clinical effectiveness.
Chitosan Nanoparticles Plus KLH Adjuvant as an Alternative for Human Dendritic Cell Differentiation
Authors: Franco-Molina Moisés Armides , Coronado-Cerda Erika Evangelina , López-Pacheco Edgar , Zarate-Triviño Diana Ginette , Galindo-Rodríguez Sergio Arturo , del Carmén Salazar-Rodríguez Maria , Ramos-Zayas Yareellys , Tamez-Guerra Reyes , Rodríguez-Padilla Cristina 
Published: October 2018

Background:Immunotherapy involving dendritic cells (DC) has been used to treat cancer with satisfactory results. The generation of mature dendritic cells derived from monocytes, however, is expensive because of the use of cytokines.Objective:To reduce DC therapy costs, it is important to evaluate lower-cost materials capable of inducing dendritic cell maturation; for this purpose, we synthetized chitosan nanoparticles.Methods:Chitosan nanoparticles were synthetized by ionic gelation and characterized using dynamic light scattering, laser Doppler electrophoresis, transmission electron microscopy and infrared spectrum. Endotoxin levels were determined by Limulus amoebocyte lysate. The biological effect was evaluated by microscopy, immunophenotypification, cellular viability and phagocytosis assays.Results:We synthetized endotoxin-free chitosan nanoparticles with an average size of 208 nm and semi-spherical morphology. The nanoparticles induced changes in monocyte morphology, surface marker expression and phagocytosis that correlate with those of DC. These preliminary results demonstrate that chitosan nanoparticles can induce monocyte differentiation into immature dendritic cells and, when combined with albumin and keyhole limpet hemocyanin, they can induce dendritic cell maturation.Conclusion:We conclude that chitosan nanoparticles are a suitable alternative for lower-cost DC immunotherapy generation, provided that our results be corroborated in vivo.
Pengaruh Pemberian Air Kelapa Muda Terhadap Tingkat Status Hidrasi Cairan Tubuh Setelah Melakukan Aktifitas Olahraga Mahasiswa Jurusan Ilmu Keolahragaan Universitas Negeri Medan
Authors: Hasibuan Rosmaini 
Published: October 2018

Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui Pengaruh Pemberian Air Kelapa Muda Terhadap Tingkat Status Hidrasi Cairan Tubuh Setelah Melakukan Aktifitas Olahraga Mahasiswa Jurusan Ilmu Keolahragaan Universitas Negeri Medan. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode eksperimen. Sampel yang digunakan berjumlah 14 orang. Sampel dibagi menjadi 2 kelompok perlakuan dengan sistem matching by paired, kelompok pertama mengkonsumsi air kelapa muda dan kelompok kedua mengkonsumsi air putih. Untuk mengetahui pengaruh pemberian air kelapa muda terhadap tingkat status hidrasi cairan tubuh maka diberikan sebanyak 500 ml setelah melakukan aktifitas olahraga selanjutnya digunakan statistik dengan uji-t satu pihak dan untuk mengetahui perbedaan pengaruhnya digunakan uji-t dua pihak (gabungan).Hasil analisis dengan uji – menunjukkan bahwa: (1) pengujian hopotesis satu menunjukkan bahwa nilai (Thitung) 2,38 selanjutnya harga tersebut dibandingkan dengan harga Ttabel dengan dk n -1 (7-1 = 6), pada taraf signifikan α = 0,05 adalah 1,94 dengan demikian th > tt (2,38 > 1,94), maka thitung lebih besar dari ttabel. (2) pengujian hipotesis dua menunjukkan bahwa nilai (Thitung) 2,09 maka thitung juga lebih besar dari ttabel. (3) untuk pengujian hipotesis post test ketiga menunjukkan Kriteria pengujian adalah : terima Ha jika Thitung > Ttabel , dimana Ttabel didapat dari daftar distribusi t dengan dk = (n1 + n2 – 2). Diperoleh bahwa Thitung sebesar 3,31. Dari daftar tabel dk = (7 + 7 – 2) diperoleh bahwa Ttabel = 1,75. Dengan demikian Thitung > Ttabel (3,31 > 1,75) . Penelitian ini menyimpulkan bahwa : 1. Terdapat Pengaruh Pemberian Air Kelapa Muda Terhadap Tingkat Status Hidrasi Cairan Tubuh Setelah Melakukan Aktifitas Olahraga Mahasiswa Jurusan Ilmu Keolahragaan Universitas Negeri Medan. 2. Terdapat Pengaruh Pemberian Air Putih Terhadap Tingkat Status Hidrasi Cairan Tubuh Setelah Melakukan Aktifitas Olahraga Mahasiswa Jurusan Ilmu Keolahragaan Universitas Negeri Medan. 3. Pemberian Air Kelapa Muda Lebih Baik Pengaruhnya Terhadap Tingkat Status Hidrasi Cairan Tubuh Dibandingkan Dengan Air Putih Setelah Melakukan Aktifitas Olahraga Mahasiswa Jurusan Ilmu Keolahragaan Universitas Negeri Medan.
Pengaruh Permainan Tradisional Terhadap Pengembangan Gerak Dasar Siswa SD Negeri 196/1V Kota Baru Kota Jambi
Authors: Indrayana Boy 
Published: October 2018

Kebugaran jasmani erat kaitannya dengan kegiatan manusia melakukan pekerjaan dan bergerak. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk melihat pengaruh permaian tradisional terhadap kemampuan gerak dasar dan kemampuan lari lompat. Untuk melihat pengaruh permaianan tradisioanl terhadap kemampuan lompat Siswa Putra SD Negeri 196/IV Kota baru Kota Jambi Tahun Ajaran 2013/2014. Metode Penelitian ini menggunakan metode eksperimen, hasil Uji statistik yang digunakan adalah t-test yaitu melihat pengaruh rerata hitung dalam satu kelompok yang sama pada taraf signifikan 0,05. Hasil tes awal (pre test) kamampuan gerak dasar siswa putra SD Negeri 196/IV Kota Baru Kota Jambi dengan jumlah sampel 30 orang, dari hasil analisi tes awal diperoleh nilai tertinggi 308,66, skor terendah 194,36, rata-rata (mean) 250, dan simpangan baku (SD) 28,71. Selanjutnya hasil tes akhir (post test) kemampuan gerak dasar setelah perlakuan diperoleh skor tertinggi 368,52, skor terendah 249,28, rata-rata (mean) 306,94, simpangan baku (SD) 27,88. Kesimpulan permainan tradisional memberikan pengaruh yang signifikan terhadap kemampuan gerak dasar siswa putra SD Negeri 196/IV Kota Baru Kota Jambi. Peningkatan kemampuan gerak dasar siswa putra SD Negeri 196/IV Kota Baru Kota Jambi ini adalah sebesar 56,94, yaitu dari skor rata-rata 250 pada pre test menjadi 306,94 pada post test Tahun Ajaran 2013/2014.
Significados de género y sexualidad en la violencia de pareja: víctimas, agresores y policías en Hermosillo, Sonora
Authors: Espinoza Cid Claudia Esthela , García Figueroa Gabriela 
Published: October 2018

En este artículo se exploran desde una perspectiva sociocultural los significados sexuales y de género que expresan mujeres que sufren violencia de pareja, agresores, y policías municipales que atienden el problema. Esto es importante para comprender los nexos entre dichos significados (en especial, los asociados con violencia de género) y las prácticas institucionalizadas de agentes sociales involucrados en la atención policial reactiva hacia la violencia de pareja en Hermosillo. Se constata la existencia de valoraciones, ideas o percepciones de fuerte raigambre sociocultural (tradicional) sobre las relaciones entre hombres y mujeres, que afectan las acciones institucionalizadas de quienes viven o ejercen violencia de pareja, así como las prácticas de quienes se encargan de los procesos de intervención policial en ese problema.
Vidas truncadas: el exceso de homicidios en la juventud de América Latina,1990-2010. Los casos de Argentina, Brasil, Colombia y México.
Authors: Plascencia Sánchez Liliana 
Published: October 2018

Reseña del libro Vidas truncadas: el exceso de homicidios en la juventud de América Latina, 1990-2010. Los casos de Argentina, Brasil, Colombia y México, coordinado por Arturo Alvarado Mendoza, Alberto Concha-Eastman, HugoSpinelli y María Fernanda Tourinho Peres.
Mycobacterium chimaera infections following cardiac surgery in Italy: results from a National Survey Endorsed by the Italian Society of Cardiac Surgery
Authors: Cappabianca Giangiuseppe , Paparella Domenico , D’Onofrio Augusto , Caprili Luca , Minniti Giuseppe , Lanzafame Massimiliano , Parolari Alessandro , Musumeci Francesco , Beghi Cesare 
Published: October 2018

Aims
A global outbreak of Mycobacterium chimaera infections following cardiac surgery and linked to contaminated heater-cooler units (HCUs) is currently ongoing. Neither the status of this outbreak in Italy nor the mitigation strategies adopted by adult cardiac surgery units (ACSUs) are currently known. In 2017, the Italian Society of Cardiac Surgery launched a national survey among the Italian ACSU to shed some light on this issue.

Methods
In Italy, there are 90 ACSUs across 20 regions. From May to November 2017, these ACSUs were surveyed collecting data on patients diagnosed with MC infections, ACSU workload, HCU models in use and control measures adopted in the operatory room.

Results
The response rate was 87.8%. The median number of cardiac procedures at each ACSU was 450/year [interquartile range (IQR) 350–650 procedures/year], and nationally, the number of procedures/year exceeded 40k. In Italy, seven patients with M. chimaera infections following cardiac procedures have been reported since 2015: all had aortic or valvular surgery as the first procedure; the median latency between the first operation and the infection was 2 years (IQR 2–3.25). Mortality for patients requiring redo cardiac surgery was 50%. M. chimaera infections risk was 0.4–1 patient every 1000 cardiac procedures. The most common HCU model in Italy is the 3T HCU (70.9%). The most common control measures adopted included implementing new HCU disinfection protocols, using sterile or filtrated water in the HCU and displacing HCU fans away from the patient: HCU replacement and microbiology testing were instead infrequent.

Conclusion
In Italy, the risk of contracting M. chimaera infections and the mortality reported are in line with other European countries, but significant heterogeneity exists on the mitigation strategies adopted to prevent further M. chimaera inoculations, suggesting the development of national guidelines.