bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The Relationship between Age, Neural Differentiation, and Memory Performance
Authors: Koen Joshua D. , Hauck Nedra , Rugg Michael D. 
Published: November 2018

Healthy aging is associated with decreased neural selectivity (dedifferentiation) in category-selective cortical regions. This finding has prompted the suggestion that dedifferentiation contributes to age-related cognitive decline. Consistent with this possibility, dedifferentiation has been reported to negatively correlate with fluid intelligence in older adults. Here, we examined whether dedifferentiation is associated with performance in another cognitive domain—episodic memory—that is also highly vulnerable to aging. Given the proposed role of dedifferentiation in age-related cognitive decline, we predicted there would be a stronger link between dedifferentiation and episodic memory performance in older than in younger adults. Young (18–30 years) and older (64–75 years) male and female humans underwent fMRI scanning while viewing images of objects and scenes before a subsequent recognition memory test. We computed a differentiation index in two regions of interest (ROIs): parahippocampal place area (PPA) and lateral occipital complex (LOC). This index quantified the selectivity of the BOLD response to preferred versus nonpreferred category of an ROI (scenes for PPA, objects for LOC). The differentiation index in the PPA, but not the LOC, was lower in older than in younger adults. Additionally, the PPA differentiation index predicted recognition memory performance for the studied items. This relationship was independent of and not moderated by age. The PPA differentiation index also predicted performance on a latent “fluency” factor derived from a neuropsychological test battery; this relationship was also age invariant. These findings suggest that two independent factors, one associated with age, and the other with cognitive performance, influence neural differentiation.SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENTAging is associated with neural dedifferentiation—reduced neural selectivity in “category-selective” cortical brain regions—which has been proposed to contribute to cognitive aging. Here, we examined whether neural differentiation is predictive of episodic memory performance, and whether the relationship is moderated by age. A neural differentiation index was estimated for scene-selective (PPA) and object-selective (LOC) cortical regions while participants studied images for a subsequent memory test. Age-related reductions were observed for the PPA, but not for the LOC, differentiation index. Importantly, the PPA differentiation index demonstrated age-invariant correlations with subsequent memory performance and a fluency factor derived from a neuropsychological battery. Together, these findings suggest that neural differentiation is associated with two independent factors: age and cognitive performance.
A Megabase-Scale Deletion is Associated with Phenotypic Variation of Multiple Traits in Maize
Authors: Han Xuesong , Qin Yao , Yu Feng , Ren Xuemei , Zhang Zuxin , Qiu Fazhan 
Published: November 2018

Abstract
Genomic deletions are pervasive in the maize (Zea mays L.) genome, and play important roles in phenotypic variation and adaptive evolution. However, little is known about the biological functions of these genomic deletions. Here, we report the biological function of a megabase-scale deletion, which we identified by position-based cloning of the multi-trait weakened (muw) mutant, which is inherited as a single recessive locus. MUW was mapped to a 5.16-Mb region on chromosome 2. The 5.16-Mb deletion in the muw mutant led to the loss of 48 genes and was responsible for a set of phenotypic abnormities, including wilting leaves, poor yield performance, reduced plant height, increased stomatal density, and rapid water loss. While muw appears to have resulted from double-stranded break repair that was not dependent on intragenomic DNA homology, extensive duplication of maize genes may have mitigated its effects and facilitated its survival.
GENDER ANALYSIS IN THE SCIENTIFIC PARTICIPATION IN MINERAL TECHNOLOGY
Authors: Leite José Yvan Pereira , Oliveira Arthemis Silva de , Frutuoso Vitória Nayara de Lima 
Published: November 2018

The insertion of women in the scientific area in engineering has been little studied in Brazil and with the mineral technology is no different. With the objective of generating data for the discussion of the subject in the country, a survey of the female participation in the development of scientific activities between the years of 1973 and 2015 was carried out. These data were collected from the Proceedings of the Brazilian Meeting of Mineral Treatment and Extractive Metallurgy event that held its first event in 1973, in Rio de Janeiro, under the organization of UFRJ, with 26 events. A pioneer researcher in this area was identified as Profa. Hedda Vargas Figueira (CETEM and UFRJ), who published two articles in the area of Comminution in 1973. During this period, scientific participation was increasing, having surpassed men in recent years. However, it is observed that women do not characterize themselves as leading researchers. The most prominent researcher in this period is Profa. Virginia Sampaio Teixeira Ciminelli (UFMG), with relevant works in the area of hydrometallurgy. It was also observed the increase of publications of articles that only involve women. The work shows strong feminine insertion in science in the area of mineral technology and in teacher renewal these numbers should increase the participation in the academic posts.
Essential Oil Composition and Antimicrobial Activity of Achillea biebersteinii Afan. (Asteraceae) from Erzincan Region, Turkey
Authors: SEVİNDİK Emre , AYDIN Sinem , EREN APAYDIN Elif , SÜRMEN Mustafa 
Published: November 2018

In the present study, chemical composition determination and in vitro antimicrobial effects of essential oil of Achillea biebersteinii plant grown under Erzincan ecological conditions were evaluated. Extractions were carried out with Clevenger apparatus and essential oil composition was determined by Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry (GC-MS). Microorganisms used for the antimicrobial studies were Salmonella enterica serovar typhimirium ATCC 14028, Staphylococcus aureus subsp. aureus ATCC 25923, Yersinia pseudotuberculosis ATCC 911, Bacillus cereus 702 ROMA, Enterobacter aerogenes CCM 2531, Bacillus subtilis IMG 22 and Proteus vulgaris FMC 1. As a result, a total of 29 components were detected in Achillea biebersteinii. Among them, 1,8-cineole (20.36%), cyclohexanone (8.39%), 2-cyclohexen-1-one (5.38%) and spathulenol (4.19%) were found as the major components. For the in vitro antimicrobial activity determination of essential oil, disc diffusion method was used in our study. Furthermore, 12-14 mm zone diameters were detected in antimicrobial activity assay. The highest resistance zone was detected against B. subtilis with 14 mm diameter while the least resistance zone was detected against Y. pseudotuberculosis, E. aerogenes and P. vulgaris with 12 mm diameter. Consequently, it was concluded that the essential oil extracted from the A. biebersteinii grown under Erzincan ecological conditions had an inhibitory effects on the pathogenic microorganisms in used method.
Differential Growth Responses of Wheat Seedlings to Elevated CO2
Authors: ESHGHIZADEH Hamid Reza , ZAHEDI Morteza , MOHAMMADI Samaneh 
Published: November 2018

Intraspecific variations in wheat growth responses to elevated CO2 was evaluated using 20 Iranian bread wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) cultivars. The plants were grown in the modified Hoagland nutrient solution at a greenhouse until 35 days of age using two levels of CO2 (~380 and 700 µmol mol–1). The shoot and root dry weights of the wheat cultivars exhibited average enhancements of 17% and 36%, respectively, under elevated CO2. This increase was associated with higher levels of chlorophyll a (25%), chlorophyll b (21%), carotenoid (30%), leaf area (54%) and plant height (49.9%). The leaf area (r = 0.69**), shoot N content (r = 0.62**), plant height (r = 0.60**) and root volume (r = 0.53*) were found to have important roles in dry matter accumulation of tested wheat cultivars under elevated CO2 concentration. However, responses to elevated CO2 were considerably cultivar-dependent. Based on the stress susceptibility index (SSI) and stress tolerance index (STI), the wheat cultivars exhibiting the best response to elevated CO2 content were ‘Sistan’, ‘Navid’, ‘Shiraz’, ‘Sepahan’ and ‘Bahar’, while the ones with poor responses were ‘Omid’, ‘Marun’, ‘Sorkhtokhm’ and ‘Tajan’. The findings from the present experiment showed significant variation among the Iranian wheat cultivars in terms of their responses to elevated air CO2, providing the opportunity to select the most efficient ones for breeding purposes.
Yellow Rust (Puccinia striiformis): a Serious Threat to Wheat Production Worldwide
Authors: KHANFRI Siham , BOULIF Mohammed , LAHLALI Rachid 
Published: November 2018

Wheat (Triticum sp. L.), as one of the first domesticated food crops, is the basic staple food for a large segment of population around the world. The crop though is susceptible to many fungal pathogens. Stripe rust is an important airborne disease caused by Puccinia striiformis (Pst) and is widespread wherever wheat is cultivated throughout the world, in temperate-cool and wet environments. The causal fungus of stripe rust or yellow rust is an obligate parasite that requires another living host to complete its life cycle. Pst includes five types of spores in the life cycle on two distinct hosts. Stripe rust is distinguished from other rusts by the dusty yellow lesions that grow systemically in the form of streaks between veins and on leaf sheaths. The importance and occurrence of stripe rust disease varies in cultivated wheat, depending on environmental conditions (moisture, temperature, and wind), inoculum levels and susceptible host varieties. Transcaucasia was previously thought to be the center of origin for the pathogen. However, new findings further underlined Himalayan and near-Himalayan regions as center of diversity and a more tenable center of origin for P. striiformis. Long-distance dispersal of stripe rust pathogen in the air and occasionally by human activities enables Pst to spread to new geographical areas. This disease affects quality and yield of wheat crop. Early seeding, foliar fungicide application and cultivation of resistant varieties are the main strategies for its control. The emergence of new races of Pst with high epidemic potential which can adapt to warmer temperatures has expanded virulence profiles. Subsequently, races are more aggressive than those previously characterized. These findings emphasize the need for more breeding efforts of resistant varieties and reinforcement of other management practices to prevent and overcome stripe rust epidemic around the world.
A pobreza como "disfunção social": a culpabilização e a criminalização do indivíduo
Authors: Siqueira Luana 
Published: November 2018

Opresente trabalho, fruto de pesquisa de doutorado, tem com objetivo é problematizara concepção de pobreza como “disfunção” dos indivíduos e as consequentesrespostas que os auto-responsabilizam, culpabilizam e criminalizam os mesmos.Assim, buscamos o suporte teórico marxistas, a lei geral de acumulação capitalista e concluímos que a“pobreza” na sociedade capitalista éindissociada da riqueza e que semanifesta numa variedade e heterogeneidade de formas, atingindo diferentementepopulações e sujeitos, em realidades singulares; e que seu enfrentamento não écompromisso natural ou até moral, que dependa de ações voluntarias e de boavontade, tão pouco um fenômeno que se resolve com ações altruístas,autosustentável e empoderada, e que as ações de políticas sociais no marco dasociedade capitalista podem atenuar e até resolver a pobreza absoluta, masjamais a pauperização relativa.
FORMATION OF THE SYSTEM OF ASSESSMENTS OF THE FINANCIAL AND INVESTMENT POTENTIAL OF AN ENTERPRISE
Authors: Strokovych G. V. , Mykolenko O. P. 
Published: November 2018

Based on the analysis of literary sources and based on the research objective it is suggested to group the evaluation indicators in the following directions: indicators of profitability, indicators of market activity, indicators of liquidity, indicators of capital structure (financial stability).To form a well-grounded list of indicators, it is suggested to apply a ranking method, where the basis for determining the rank of an indicator is the frequency of its use in the considered methods. In order to determine the expediency of grouping the indicators of evaluation of financial and investment potential of an enterprise, the use of factor analysis is proposed. Thus it allows to classify and systematize the space of the research features and group the factors into their economic content.In the course of the research carried out, the existing theoretical approaches to assessing the financial and investment potential of enterprises were considered, which made it possible to group the evaluation indicators in a number of areas, to form a well-founded list of indicators based on the application of the ranking method. The use of factor analysis allowed to form a final list of indicators of financial and investment potential of an enterprise in the context of the proposed assessment groups.
АНАЛІЗ ІНФЛЯЦІЙНИХ ПРОЦЕСІВ В УКРАЇНІ ЗА 2012–2017 РР. ТА ЇХ ВПЛИВ НА ЕКОНОМІЧНЕ ЗРОСТАННЯ
Authors: Paska I. M. , Ponedilchuk T. V. 
Published: November 2018

В статті нами було узагальнено попередні дослідження впливу інфляції на економічне зростання у довгострокову та короткостроковому періодах. Проведений аналіз економічної та інфляційної динаміки 2012–2017 рр. Проаналізовано причинно-наслідковий зав’язок між інфляцією та економічним зростанням за аналізований період. Встановлено тісноту та достовірність зв’язку між зазначеними категоріями у 2012–2017 рр.
СПЕЦИФІКА ДЕПОЗИТНИХ ПОСЛУГ У СУЧАСНИХ УМОВАХ БАНКІВСЬКОГО РИНКУ УКРАЇНИ
Authors: Sova O. Yu. 
Published: November 2018

Протягом років функціонування банківського сектору України депозитний ринок чутливо реагував на кризові ситуації економіко-політичної сфери, коли вклад­ники, втрачаючи довіру до банківських установ, забирали гроші з депозитних рахунків. В умовах економічної нестабільності таке масове вилучення фінансових ресурсів значно погіршувало ліквідність банків. Актуальним завдання сьогодення залишається пошук оптимального варіанта формування банківських ресурсів.Досліджено ключові аспекти депозитних операцій з урахуванням тенденцій і парадигми розвитку банківського сектору України. При формуванні депозитної політики комерційного банку керівництво ставить перед собою певні цілі — збільшення обсягу ресурсної бази, мінімізація витрат із залучення ресурсів, підтримання нормативного рівня ліквідності тощо. За результатами аналізу банківського сектору і стратегій формування депозитних портфелів конкретних комерційних банків України виявлено основні проблеми залучення депозитних коштів.Увагу приділено методикам оцінки рівня доларизації депозитів, за однією з яких розрахований показник залежності типу вкладів від виду валюти на вітчизняному банківському депозитному ринку. Проаналізовано динаміку депозитних ресурсів вітчизняних комерційних банків у розрізі різних класифікаційних ознак. Виявлено, що в Україні поширена неофіційна доларизація, обумовлена наявністю постійного попиту на іноземну валюту. Питома вага депозитів в іноземній валюті в загальному обсязі депозитних ресурсів за 2013—2018 роки перебувала в межах 37—46 %. Підкреслено, що за досліджуваний період у структурі депозитів за строками розміщення зменшується питома вага вкладів терміном більше ніж один рік.Визначено причини, що стримують розширення обсягів депозитних послуг, і напрями вдосконалення депозитної політики комерційних банків.Наголошено, що стратегія депозитного форму­вання банківських ресурсів має бути спрямована на пристосування інструментарію депозитної політики до мінливого середовища ринку банківських послуг, забезпечення багатоваріантності умов розміщення банківських вкладів.
Analisis Nilai Tambah Olahan Ikan Peperek (Leiognathus equulus ) Menjadi Ikan Peperek Crispy Menggunakan Metode Value Engineering <br><i>[Value Added Analysis of Peperek Fish (Leiognathus equulus) Being Peperek Crispy Fish Using Value Engineering Method]<i>
Authors: Rosita Mardiana , Hidayat Khoirul , Maflahah Iffan 
Published: November 2018

AbstrakIkan peperek merupakan salah satu jenis ikan demersal yang biasa hidup di dasar perairan. Data statistik perikanan tangkap tahun 2015 menunjukkan ikan peperek berkontribusi besar dengan urutan kelima dari 33 jenis ikan lainnya. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui nilai tambah yang diberikan dari pengolahan ikan peperek crispy. Metode yang digunakan yaitu metode value engineering dengan pencarian atlernatif dari beberapa tahap informasi, tahap kreatif, tahap analisis, tahap pengembangan dan tahap rekomendasi. Hasil yang diperoleh dari analisis metode value engineering untuk produk ikan peperek crispy yaitu terdapat lima alternatif meliputi: Alternatif 1 dengan rasa balado, kemasan plastik PP, ukuran ikan sedang dan berat bersih 100–125 gram. Alternatif 2 dengan rasa original, kemasan plastik PP, ukuran ikan sedang dan berat bersih 100–125 gram. Alternatif 3 dengan rasa manis, kemasan plastik PP, ukuran ikan sedang dan berat bersih 100–125 gram. Alternatif 4 dengan rasa balado, kemasan plastik PP, ukuran ikan sedang dan berat bersih 125–150 gram dan Alternatif 5 dengan rasa balado, kemasan toples, ukuran ikan sedang dan berat bersih 100–125 gram. Desain alternatif terpilih dengan menggunakan metode value engineering yaitu alternatif ke 2. Nilai tambah produk ikan peperek crispy adalah Rp. 3.732 per kemasan dengan tingkat keuntungan sebesar 37,32% per kemasan dengan berat 100–125 gram. Abstract Peperek fish is one of the demersal fish species that usually lives in the bottom of the waters, which contributes greatly to the fifth order of 33 other fish species. This study aims to determine the added value provided by the processing of peperek fish crispy. Value engineering method was used to determine alternative method of processing. Several stages were employed namely creative, analysis, development, and recommendation phase. The results obtained from the analysis of value engineering methods for crispy peperek fish products were five alternatives: Alternative 1 was fish crispy with balado flavor, PP plastic packaging, medium fish size and net weight 100-125 gram. Alternative 2 was fish crispy with original taste, PP plastic packaging, medium fish size and net weight 100-125 gram. Alternative 3 was fish crispy with sweet taste, PP plastic packaging, medium fish size and net weight 100 - 125 gram. Alternative 4 was fish crispy with balado flavor, PP plastic packaging, medium fish size and net weight 125-150 gram and Alternative 5 was fish crispy with balado flavor, jar packaging, medium fish size and net weight 100-125 gram. The chosen alternative by value engineering method was the 2nd alternative. The added value of crispy peperek fish in this alternative product was Rp. 3,732 per pack with a profit rate of 37.32% per package weighing 100-125 gram.
Studi Pertumbuhan Populasi Spirulina sp. pada Skala Kultur yang Berbeda <br><i>[Study of Spirulina sp. Population Growth in The Different Culture Scale]<i>
Authors: Buwono Nanik Retno , Nurhasanah Raden Qonitah 
Published: November 2018

AbstrakSalah satu mikroalga yang berpotensi untuk dikembangkan dan banyak terdapat di perairan Indonesia adalah Spirulina sp. Kultur Spirulina sp. sebagai upaya peningkatan produksi dapat dilakukan dalam skala laboratorium dan skala semi massal. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui pertumbuhan populasi Spirulina sp dan perbandingan kualitas media air kultur pada skala kultur yang berbeda yaitu skala laboratorium dan skala semi massal. Metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah metode eksperimen dengan parameter yang diukur yaitu kepadatan sel dari mikroalga dan parameter kualitas air meliputi suhu, pH, oksigen terlarut, nitrat dan orthofosfat. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa pertumbuhan kultur pakan alami Spirulina sp. skala laboratorium berlangsung selama 15 hari sedangkan pada skala semi massal adalah 15-30 hari. Kepadatan awal sel Spirulina sp. skala laboratorium yaitu 15.229 unit/ml dan skala semi massal 28.417 unit/ml. Puncak kepadatan populasi sel Spirulina sp. skala laboratorium terjadi pada hari ke-8 yaitu 181.963 unit/ml, sedangkan untuk skala semi massal masih terus mengalami peningkatan jumlah kepadatan sel pada hari ke-15 sebanyak 295.317 unit/ml. Hasil kualitas air yang diperoleh pada kultur Spirulina sp. skala laboratorium maupun skala semi massal masih menunjang pertumbuhan mikroalga Spirulina sp. secara optimal. AbstractOne of the potential microalgae that have the potential to be developed and widely available in Indonesian waters is Spirulina sp. Spirulina sp. culture as an effort to increase production can be done in laboratory scale and semi-mass scale. The purpose of this research was to determine the population growth of Spirulina sp. and comparison the water of media culture at different culture scale i.e laboratory scale and semi-mass scale. The method used in this research is experimental method with parameters measured i.e cell density of microalgae and also water quality parameters include temperature, pH, dissolved oxygen, nitrate and orthophosphate. The results showed that the growth of Spirulina sp. culture on the laboratory scale lasts for 15 days while on the semi-mass scale is 15-30 days. The initial cell ensity of Spirulina sp. on the laboratory scale is 15.229 units/ml and on the semi-mass scale is 28.417 units/ml. The peak cell population density Spirulina sp. on the laboratory scale occurred on the 8th day of 181.963 units/ml, while for the semi-mass scale still continues to increase the number of cell density on the 15th day of 295,317 units / ml. The quality of water obtained at Spirulina sp. laboratory scale culture and semi-mass scale still support the growth of Spirulina sp. microalgae optimally.