bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Cannabis and Cannabinoids on Treatment of Inflammation: A Patent Review
Authors: Nascimento Menezes Pedro Modesto , Valença Pereira Emanuella Chiara , Gomes da Cruz Silva Maria Eduarda , da Silva Bismarques Augusto Oliveira , de Souza Duarte Filho Luiz Antonio Miranda , de Lima Araújo Tarcísio Cícero , Bezerra Lima Kátia Simoni , Silva Fabrício Souza , Rolim Larissa Araújo 
Published: June 2019

Background:The inflammatory process is a physiological response to a vast number of harmful stimulus that takes place in order to restore homeostasis. Many drugs used in pharmacotherapy are effective to control inflammatory responses, however, there is a range of adverse effects attributed to steroidal and non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs). In this sense, herbal medicine and derivatives have gained more attention because of their effectiveness and safety, showing the importance of medicinal plants, especially the Cannabis genus and the cannabinoid derivatives.Objective:The aim of this prospection was to identify data related to patents involving Cannabis and cannabinoids for the treatment of inflammation.Method:To do so, a search for patents was conducted to evaluate the anti-inflammatory activity of Cannabis and cannabinoids. Four specialized databases for patent research were consulted using the terms "cannabis", "cannabidiol", "cannabinoids" and "THC" associated with "inflammation".Results:A total of 370 patents were found, of which 17 patents met the inclusion criteria. Although reports show synergistic effects of the plant components, patents involving Cannabis and cannabinoids focus on isolated substances (CBD e THC).Conclusion:However, patents related to Cannabis and cannabinoids are promising for future use of the plant or its derivatives on the treatment of inflammation.
Synthesis, Biological Evaluation and Molecular Docking Study of Pyrazole, Pyrazoline Clubbed Pyridine as Potential Antimicrobial Agents
Authors: Desai Nisheeth C. , Vaja Darshita V. , Jadeja Krunalsinh A. , Joshi Surbhi B. , Khedkar Vijay M. 
Published: June 2019

Introduction:
In continuation of our efforts to find new antimicrobials, herein we report
the synthesis of various pyrazole, pyrazoline, and pyridine based novel bioactive heterocycles (3a-t).

Methods:
Newly synthesized compounds were analysed for their antimicrobial activity. Compounds
3c, 3h, 3i, 3k, 3n, and 3q showed significant antimicrobial activity.

Results:
Molecular docking study for the most active analogues against DNA gyrase subunit b
(PDB ID: 1KZN) corroborated well with the observed antimicrobial potency exhibiting significant
binding affinity.

Conclusion:
Interpretation of the chemical structures reported in this paper was based on IR, 1H
NMR, 13C NMR, and mass spectral data.
Association Between Fat-soluble Vitamins and Lipid Profile in the Overweight Population
Authors: Piran Sadegh , Sarmasti Sahar , Shabani Mohammad , Kakavandi Naser , Hosseni Bita , Khosravi Mohsen , Resaee Shima , Soltanmohammadi Elham , Naseri Faezeh , Mohammadi Asghar , Najafi Mohammad 
Published: June 2019

Background &Aims:It is well-known that the coronary artery stenosis is related to lipid profile. This is a descriptive cross-sectional study to investigate the relationship between the serum fat-soluble vitamins (A, E and D), circulating proprotein convertase subtilisin/kexin type 9 (PCSK9), and lipid profile in the study population.Methods:A total of 120 overweight subjects were participated in this study. The circulating PCSK9 and vitamin D were measured by ELISA technique. The serum vitamin A and vitamin E amounts were simultaneously measured by the HPLC method. The Serum Small Dense LDLCholesterol (sdLDL-C) values were evaluated using heparin-Mg2+ precipitation technique. The lipid profile was measured by routine laboratory techniques.Results:The serum vitamin E values correlated significantly to vitamin A (r= 0.47, P= 0.0001), VLDL-C (r= 0.30, P= 0.002), total cholesterol (r= 0.309, P= 0.001), PCSK9 (r= 0.233, P= 0.01) and total triglyceride (r= 0.61, P= 0.0001) values. The circulating PCSK9 values correlated significantly to LDL-C (r= 0.17, P= 0.05) and total cholesterol (r= 0.23, P= 0.009) values. However, there were not correlations between the levels of serum D and A vitamins, the serum LDL-C, sdLDL-C and total cholesterol values.Conclusion:The data showed the correlations between serum vitamin E and PCSK9-related LDLC values lower than the normal range. Furthermore, the results suggested a nutritional need on the patents considering supplementation or fortification of vitamin E for the overweight subjects with higher LDL-C levels.
THE COGNITIVE MODELING TECHNOLOGY FOR THE FINANCIAL ANALYSIS OF THE FINANCIAL-ECONOMY ACTIVITY OF THE ORGANIZATION
Authors: Vetrov A. N. 
Published: June 2019

Objective. The increase in the efficiency of functioning of the (credit) organization due to the realization of procedure of the horizontal, vertical and trend (microscopic) financial analysis based on the formed innovative analytical coefficients system in the parametrical cognitive models block. Method. The financial analysis of the highly-integrated enterprises and (credit) organizations. Result. The innovative parametrical cognitive models block is the information basis of the (microscopic) financial analysis, contains the cognitive models for the horizontal, vertical and trend financial analysis of the enterprise or (credit) organization based on the formed analytical coefficients system, each from which acts as the difficult repertoire of parameters (indicators), echeloned to a number of portraits and stratificated to the several independent sets located on two different levels of the specified hierarchy (structure). Conclusion. The financial analysis of the highly-integrated (credit) organizations initiates the need of the accounting of a wide range of the different scientific fundamental and applied directions of modern science, and also causes the need of use of the innovative device of research.
Acupuncture to Improve Symptoms for Stable Angina: Protocol for a Randomized Controlled Trial
Authors: Schlaeger Judith , Cai Hui Yan , Steffen Alana D , Angulo Veronica , Shroff Adhir R , Briller Joan E , Hoppensteadt Debra , Uwizeye Glorieuse , Pauls Heather A , Takayama Miho , Yajima Hiroyoshi , Takakura Nobuari , DeVon Holli A 
Published: June 2019

BackgroundAcupuncture has demonstrated physiologic analgesic effects in Chinese patients with stable angina. One proposed mechanism of action for these analgesic effects is the downregulation of M1 macrophages, interleukin 1 beta, interleukin-6, interleukin-18, and tumor necrosis factor alpha.ObjectiveThis study aims to test a 10-session, 5-week acupuncture treatment protocol as a complementary therapy for symptoms of stable angina for American patients, who vary from Chinese patients in health care systems and other salient variables.MethodsWe are conducting a randomized controlled trial (RCT) of 69 adults (35 assigned to initial acupuncture and 34 to an attention control condition) with a medically confirmed diagnosis of stable angina, whose pain and associated symptoms have not been controlled to their satisfaction with guideline-directed medical management. Participants in the experimental group will receive a standardized traditional Chinese medicine point prescription. The attention control group will view non–pain-related health education videos over 5 weeks equal to the 10 hours of treatment for the acupuncture group. Participants will complete the McGill Pain Questionnaire and the Seattle Angina Questionnaire-7, as well as have inflammatory cytokines measured at baseline and study completion. The primary outcomes are anginal pain and quality of life.ResultsThis study has been funded over 2 years by the National Institutes of Health, National Institute for Nursing Research. We are currently recruiting and expect to have initial results by December 2020.ConclusionsWe will generate data on feasibility, acceptability, effect sizes, and protocol revisions for a future fully powered RCT of the protocol. Findings will help determine if patients with persistent ischemic symptoms experience a proinflammatory state and hyperalgesia caused by multiple neural and immune processes not always relieved with medication.International Registered Report Identifier (IRRID)DERR1-10.2196/14705
Virtual Reality for Screening of Cognitive Function in Older Persons: Comparative Study
Authors: Chua Sean Ing Loon , Tan Ngiap Chuan , Wong Wei Teen , Allen Jr John Carson , Quah Joanne Hui Min , Malhotra Rahul , Østbye Truls 
Published: June 2019

Background
The prevalence of dementia, which presents as cognitive decline in one or more cognitive domains affecting function, is increasing worldwide. Traditional cognitive screening tools for dementia have their limitations, with emphasis on memory and, to a lesser extent, on the cognitive domain of executive function. The use of virtual reality (VR) in screening for cognitive function in older persons is promising, but evidence for its use is sparse.

Objective
The primary aim was to examine the feasibility and acceptability of using VR to screen for cognitive impairment in older persons in a primary care setting. The secondary aim was to assess the module’s ability to discriminate between cognitively intact and cognitively impaired participants.

Methods
A comparative study was conducted at a public primary care clinic in Singapore, where persons aged 65-85 years were recruited based on a cut-off score of 26 on the Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA) scale. They participated in a VR module for assessment of their learning and memory, perceptual-motor function, and executive function. Each participant was evaluated by the total performance score (range: 0-700) upon completion of the study. A questionnaire was also administered to assess their perception of and attitude toward VR.

Results
A total of 37 participants in Group 1 (cognitively intact; MoCA score≥26) and 23 participants in Group 2 (cognitively impaired; MoCA score<26) were assessed. The mean time to completion of the study was 19.1 (SD 3.6) minutes in Group 1 and 20.4 (3.4) minutes in Group 2. Mean feedback scores ranged from 3.80 to 4.48 (max=5) in favor of VR. The total performance score in Group 1 (552.0, SD 57.2) was higher than that in Group 2 (476.1, SD 61.9; P<.001) and exhibited a moderate positive correlation with scores from other cognitive screening tools: Abbreviated Mental Test (0.312), Mini-Mental State Examination (0.373), and MoCA (0.427). A receiver operating characteristic curve analysis for the relationship between the total performance score and the presence of cognitive impairment showed an area under curve of 0.821 (95% CI 0.714-0.928).

Conclusions
We demonstrated the feasibility of using a VR-based screening tool for cognitive function in older persons in primary care, who were largely in favor of this tool.
COSTOS DE GENERACIÓN, INVERSIÓN Y PRECIOS DEL SECTOR ELÉCTRICO EN MÉXICO
Authors: Enríquez Alejandra , Ramírez José Carlos , Rosellón Juan 
Published: June 2019

<p>Los precios de la electricidad han registrado una marcada tendencia al alza desde la implementación de la reforma en el mercado eléctrico (RME) de México, que ha sido citada por algunos como evidencia de su fracaso. En este artículo estudiamos los determinantes de esa alza mediante la deducción de la curva de costos de generación de la Comisión Federal de Electricidad, antes de la entrada en vigor de la reforma, la construcción de datos horarios sobre precios promedios y el estudio de la relación entre precios y rentas de congestión. Los resultados principales del documento muestran que los tipos de tecnología de generación más rentables son los resultantes de la RME y que el aumento de los precios registrado durante los primeros años de la RME se explica, principalmente, por una creciente congestión de la red nacional de transmisión eléctrica más que por un diseño ineficiente de la competencia en el sector de generación.</p><p> </p><p align="center">GENERATION COSTS, INVESTMENT AND PRICES IN MEXICO’S ELECTRICITY SECTOR<strong></strong></p><p align="center"><strong>ABSTRACT</strong><strong> </strong><strong></strong></p>Electricity prices have seen a consistent upward trend since the implementation of Mexico’s electricity market reform (EMR). This has been interpreted by some as a failure of the EMR. In this paper we study the determinants of such price increases. We calculate the generation cost curve of the Federal Electricity Commission prior to the entry into force of the reform. We then construct daily data on average prices during the EMR. We also finally study the relationship between prices and transmission congestion rents. Our main results indicate that the most profitable types of generation technology are the ones resulting from the EMR. Likewise, price increases have taken place despite the existence of a considerably larger number of competitors in the generation sector. Lastly, the strong correlation between prices and congestion revenues is evidence that the increase in prices under the EMR is mainly due to the growing congestion in the national electricity transmission network rather than due to an inefficient competitive market design in the generation sector.
Influence of coolant flow rates on the heat exchanger parameter at variable operation modes
Authors: Rafalskaya Tatyana A. , Rudyak Valery Ya. 
Published: June 2019

Introduction. Being used in various industries, heat exchangers most often work under conditions of variable coolant flows and temperatures. At the same time, the existing theories of calculating the heat exchanger operation modes are based on the use of constant unitless parameters at any operation mode. Taking into account the effect of coolant rates on the heat transfer coefficient of the heat exchangers, the given relations are bound to specific types of heat exchangers and can only be used at constant coolant temperatures. The purpose of this study is to obtain expressions for determining the effect of coolant flow rates on the variable heat exchanger parameter.
Materials and methods. The main variable operation modes for water-to-water heat exchangers used in heat supply systems are determined. Using simulation in the PTC Mathcad software, dependencies describing the change in the heat exchanger parameter for all the considered variable operation modes are defined. This made it possible to obtain a general formula for the change in the heat exchanger parameter for varying coolant flow rates. Coefficients in this formula take into consideration the effect of coolant temperatures, which cannot be known when calculating variable conditions, especially when the interconnected heat exchangers are operating.
Results. To test applicability of the existing relations describing the change in the heat exchanger parameter and of obtained formula, a large number of heat exchangers is calculated at variable operation modes. Comparison with the simulation results shows that the correlations of heat exchanger theories work well at the mode with constant coolant temperatures only, while their use at other operation modes can lead to large calculation errors.
Conclusions. The obtained formula allows finding the effect of coolant flow rates on the variable heat exchanger parameter. The formula can be used to predict the operation modes of large systems including a large number of various-type heat exchangers.
Automated Clustering for Data Analytics
Authors: Byrnes Paul E. 
Published: June 2019

ABSTRACT
Today, auditors must consider the risks of material misstatement due to fraud during the financial statement audit (Messier, Glover, and Prawitt 2016). Current audit guidance recommends the use of data mining methods such as clustering to improve the likelihood of discovering irregularities during fraud risk assessment (ASB 2012). Unfortunately, significant challenges exist relative to using clustering in practice, including data preprocessing, model construction, model selection, and outlier detection. The traditional auditor is not trained to effectively address these complexities. One solution entails automation of clustering, thus eliminating the difficult, manual decision points within the clustering process. This would allow practitioners to focus on problem investigation and resolution, rather than being burdened with the technical aspects of clustering. In this paper, automated clustering is explored. In the process, each manual decision point is addressed, and a suitable automated solution is developed. Upon conclusion, a clustering application is formulated and demonstrated.
X-Ray Diffraction Characterisation of Crystallinity and Phase Composition in Manganese Oxides Composite Prepared by Molten Salts
Authors: Hassan Mohd Faiz , Chan Kok Sheng 
Published: June 2019

The manganese oxides composite was synthesised via a simple molten salts method using a purchased MnCl2•2H2O as structuring agent. The structural details of the sample are important to be studied and previously rarely reported. It was characterised using X-ray diffraction (XRD) and data analyses including fitting process were done by Search-Match and Origin software. The Vesta software was used to draw a diagram crystal structure of the as-prepared composite. The experimental results indicated that the composite has two phases, Mn3O4 and MnO2, in value of approximately 74.22% and 25.78%, separately. The composite was highly crystalline with 74.69% compared to 25.31% for amorphous. The crystallite size of the Mn3O4 and MnO2 were calculated in an average of 22 and 24 nm, respectively. However, the lattice strain of the as-prepared composite was obtained between 7.1 x 10-3 and 7.4 x 10-3. The lattice parameters for the Mn3O4 compound was a = 5.705 Å and c = 9.473 Å, whereas a = 9.390 Å, b = 2.477 Å, c = 4.705 Å correspond to the MnO2 compound. The obtained results concluded that the composite containing two different types of system structure (tetragonal and orthorhombic).
Pensar desigualdades, abordar trayectorias
Authors: Crego María Laura 
Published: June 2019

La reseña del libro Living and working in poverty in Latin Americ. Trajectories of children, youth and adults pretende ser un aporte a las discusiones en torno a la desigualdad y sus múltiples dimensiones. Reseña esta obra es una aporte necesario por dos motivos. En primer lugar, por la diversidad de estudios que presenta, aportando complejidad al campo pero también mostrando como se las trayectorias se tejen a partir de estrategias y elecciones de los actores frente a los condicionamientos estructurales. Por otro lado, por el aporte en clave metodológica que el abordaje de las trayectorias supone. En estos dos carriles se centra el presente trabajo.
Religião e paz: virtude e ação para uma ética da convivência | Religion and peace: virtue and action for an ethics of coexistence
Authors: Silva Hélerson 
Published: June 2019

A partir de uma interpretação política da Ethica Nicomachea, procurou-se investigar a influência da isocracia ateniense, ou democracia participativa, no pensamento do filosófo de Estagira e sua contribuição ao mundo ocidental. Mediadas pela phronesis, as virtudes moral e intelectual permitem o estabelecimento de critérios deliberativos para os processos decisórios na ágora, garantindo a felicidade na pólis, mas não a paz na cena internacional. Enquanto a felicidade se apresenta como um “estado de espírito”, a paz, por sua vez, depende de arranjos no campo da política internacional, firmados ao longo dos tempos em ideais iluministas, liberais ou dos direitos humanos. A presença das religiões no espaço público moderno aparece como importante elemento de tensão ou legitimação do próprio estado-nação e de seu ordenamento jurídico, considerando ainda que elas devem ser levadas em conta quando se pleiteia uma paz mais duradoura.
Religião e justiça: uma análise a partir do estudo do Direito / Religion and justice: an analysis based on the study of Law
Authors: Peruzzo Pedro Pulzatto 
Published: June 2019

O presente texto tem como objetivo refletir sobre a relação entre religião e justiça à luz da Constituição Federal de 1988 e do sentido dos direitos humanos como instrumento de construção solidária da paz. O tema foi trabalhado sob um viés antropológico, considerando o Direito na realidade e os sujeitos de direito como sujeitos de cultura e religião, ou seja, como indivíduos concretos.
In vitro evaluation of negative pressure generated during application of negative suction volumes by use of various syringes with and without thoracostomy tubes
Authors: Mezzles Marguerite J. , Murray Rebecca L. , Heiser Brian P. 
Published: June 2019

Abstract

OBJECTIVE
To determine the amount of negative pressure generated by syringes of various sizes with and without an attached thoracostomy tube and whether composition of thoracostomy tubes altered the negative pressure generated.

SAMPLE
Syringes ranging from 1 to 60 mL and 4 thoracostomy tubes of various compositions (1 red rubber catheter, 1 polyvinyl tube, and 2 silicone tubes).

PROCEDURES
A syringe or syringe with attached thoracostomy tube was connected to a pneumatic transducer. Each syringe was used to aspirate a volume of air 10 times. Negative pressure generated was measured and compared among the various syringe sizes and various thoracostomy tubes.

RESULTS
The negative pressure generated decreased as size of the syringe increased for a fixed volume across syringes. Addition of a thoracostomy tube further decreased the amount of negative pressure. The red rubber catheter resulted in the least amount of negative pressure, followed by the polyvinyl tube and then the silicone tubes. There was no significant difference in negative pressure between the 2 silicone tubes. The smallest amount of negative pressure generated was −74 to −83 mm Hg.

CONCLUSIONS AND CLINICAL RELEVANCE
Limited data are available on the negative pressure generated during intermittent evacuation of the thoracic cavity. For the present study, use of a syringe of ≥ 20 mL and application of 1 mL of negative suction volume resulted in in vitro pressures much more negative than the currently recommended pressure of −14.71 mm Hg for continuous suction. Additional in vitro or cadaveric studies are needed.
Comparison of various types of inert gas components on efficacy of an alveolar recruitment maneuver in dorsally recumbent anesthetized horses
Authors: Varner Kelley M. , Hopster Klaus , Driessen Bernd 
Published: June 2019

Abstract

OBJECTIVE
To assess effects of nitrogen and helium on efficacy of an alveolar recruitment maneuver (ARM) for improving pulmonary mechanics and oxygen exchange in anesthetized horses.

ANIMALS
6 healthy adult horses.

PROCEDURES
Horses were anesthetized twice in a randomized crossover study. Isoflurane-anesthetized horses in dorsal recumbency were ventilated with 30% oxygen and 70% nitrogen (treatment N) or heliox (30% oxygen and 70% helium; treatment H) as carrier gas. After 60 minutes, an ARM was performed. Optimal positive end-expiratory pressure was identified and maintained for 120 minutes. Throughout the experiment, arterial blood pressures, heart rate, peak inspiratory pressure, dynamic compliance (Cdyn), and Pao2 were measured. Variables were compared with baseline values and between treatments by use of an ANOVA.

RESULTS
The ARM resulted in significant increases in Pao2 and Cdyn and decreases in the alveolar-arterial gradient in the partial pressure of oxygen in all horses. After the ARM and during the subsequent 120-minute phase, mean values were significantly lower for treatment N than treatment H for Pao2 and Cdyn. Optimal positive end-expiratory pressure was consistently 15 cm H2O for treatment N, but it was 10 cm H2O (4 horses) and 15 cm H2O (2 horses) for treatment H.

CONCLUSIONS AND CLINICAL RELEVANCE
An ARM in anesthetized horses might be more efficacious in improving Pao2 and Cdyn when animals breathe helium instead of nitrogen as the inert gas.