bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Towards person‐centred care for people living with HIV: what core outcomes matter, and how might we assess them? A cross‐national multi‐centre qualitative study with key stakeholders
Authors: Bristowe K , Clift P , James R , Josh J , Platt M , Whetham J , Nixon E , Post FA , McQuillan K , Ní Cheallaigh C , Murtagh FEM , Anderson J , Sullivan AK , Harding R 
Published: June 2019

ObjectivesPeople living with HIV (PLWH) have multidimensional concerns requiring person‐centred care. Routine use of patient‐reported outcome measures (PROMs) improves outcomes. No brief PROM currently reflects the breadth of concerns for PLWH. This study sought to identify priority outcomes for PLWH, model current practice, explore views on introducing PROMs into routine care, and devise a model for person‐centred care incorporating the PROM.MethodsA cross‐national multi‐centre study (London, Brighton and Dublin) was carried out. Semi‐structured qualitative interviews with adult PLWH, HIV health care professionals and HIV commissioners (responsible for planning and commissioning services) were performed. Interviews were analysed using thematic and framework analysis.ResultsPLWH (n = 28), professionals (n = 21) and commissioners (n = 8) described concerns related to living with HIV across six domains: physical (e.g. pain and gastrointestinal symptoms), cognitive (e.g. memory and sleep), psychological (e.g. anxiety and depression), social (e.g. isolation and intimacy), welfare (e.g. finances and fears regarding change of immigration status), and information (e.g. long‐term outcomes) needs. Themes were highly inter‐related, impacting across domains of need (e.g. physical and cognitive problems impacting on psychological and social wellbeing). Perceived benefits of using PROMs in routine HIV care included improved person‐centredness, patient empowerment, fewer missed concerns, increased engagement with services, and informed planning of services. Potential challenges included heterogeneity of PLWH, literacy, and utility for those who struggle to engage with care.ConclusionsThis study presents a novel model of person‐centred care incorporating an HIV‐specific PROM. The model reflects priorities of key stakeholders. Explicit use of PROMs in routine HIV care could afford benefits for PLWH, clinical teams and commissioners.
Population‐based analysis of radiotherapy and chemotherapy treatment in the last month of life within regional Australia
Authors: Pitson Graham , Matheson Leigh , Garrard Brooke , Eastman Peter , Rogers Margaret 
Published: June 2019

AbstractBackgroundCancer treatment near end of life is not likely to add meaningful benefit and minimising intervention rates has been promoted as an indicator of quality of care. Population‐based analysis of treatment allows comparative analysis of treatment rates and provides insight into patterns of care.AimsTo report a population‐based analysis of both radiotherapy and active systemic therapy (AST) delivery rates along with patterns of treatment within the last 14 and 30 days of life.MethodsThe Evaluation of Cancer Outcomes Registry records clinical information on all newly diagnosed cancer patients for the Barwon South West Region of Victoria, Australia. Diagnosis details, tumour type and stage as well as core treatment details and date of death were extracted for all patients diagnosed from 2009 to 2015 inclusive.ResultsA total of 12 760 cases cancers were recorded. The median age of all cases was 68.8, and 53% were male. AST was received by 3699 (29%) of patients and radiotherapy by 3811 (30%). Patient deaths within 14 and 30 days of treatment for AST were 4.3 and 8.7%, respectively, and deaths within 14 and 30 days of treatment for radiotherapy 3.8 and 8.0% respectively. Factors associated with death within 30 days of AST and/or radiotherapy were male gender, age greater than 70 years and higher disease stage (all P < 0.01). Treatment rates within 30 days of death were highest for lung cancer (23% of cases) and lowest for breast cancer (2% of cases).ConclusionsThis population‐based analysis of AST and radiotherapy treatment within the last 30 days of life within a region of Australia has shown overall treatment rates below 10%. Treatment rates appear influenced by both patient and tumour characteristics. Future focus on subgroups with high rates of late intervention may help minimise treatment unlikely to add benefit.
Factors influencing decisions of mental health professionals to release service users from seclusion: A qualitative study
Authors: Jackson Haley , Baker John , Berzins Kathyrn 
Published: June 2019

AbstractAimThis study aims to explore and understand factors influencing the decisions of mental health professionals releasing service users from seclusion.BackgroundSeclusion should only be used as a last resort and for the minimum possible duration. Current evidence outlines which service users are more likely to be secluded, why and what influences professionals' decision to seclude. Little is known about factors professionals consider when releasing service users.DesignA qualitative study was undertaken to explore factors which influence decision‐making of mental health professionals when terminating episodes of seclusion.MethodsSemi‐structured face‐to‐face interviews with 21 professionals were undertaken between May 2017–January 2018. Framework analysis was used to systematically manage, analyse, and identify themes, while maintaining links to primary data and providing a transparent audit trail.ResultsSix themes were identified where professionals looked for service users to demonstrate cooperation and compliance before they would be released. Decisions were subjective, being influenced by the experience and composition of the review team, the availability of resources plus the emotional tone and physical environment of the ward. Release could be delayed by policy and protocol.ConclusionProfessionals should have greater awareness of factors that hinder or facilitate decisions to release service from seclusion and an understanding of how service user views and involves in decisions regarding seclusion should be explored.ImpactSenior staff should be available to facilitate release at the earliest opportunity. Staff should ensure that policy and procedures do not prolong the time service users remain secluded.
Impact of including information from bulls and their daughters in the training population of multiple‐step genomic evaluations in dairy cattle: A simulation study
Authors: de Oliveira Hinayah Rojas , Brito Luiz Fernando , Sargolzaei Mehdi , e Silva Fabyano Fonseca , Jamrozik Janusz , Lourenco Daniela Andressa Lino , Schenkel Flavio Schramm 
Published: June 2019

AbstractThe objective of this study was to investigate the impact of accounting for parent average (PA) and genotyped daughters’ average (GDA) on the estimation of deregressed estimated breeding values (dEBVs) used as pseudo‐phenotypes in multiple‐step genomic evaluations. Genomic estimated breeding values (GEBVs) were predicted, in eight different simulated scenarios, using dEBVs calculated based on four methods. These methods included PA and GDA in the dEBV (VR) or only GDA (VRpa) and excluded both PA and GDA from the dEBV with either all information or only information from PA and GDA (JA and NEW, respectively). In general, VR and NEW showed the lowest and highest GEBV reliabilities across scenarios, respectively. Among all deregression methods, VRpa and NEW provided the most consistent bias estimates across the majority of scenarios, and they significantly yielded the least biased GEBVs. Our results indicate that removing PA and GDA information from dEBVs used in multiple‐step genomic evaluations can increase the reliability of GEBVs, when both bulls and their daughters are included in the training population.
Transplantation of mesenchymal stem cells overexpressing interleukin‐10 induces autophagy response and promotes neuroprotection in a rat model of TBI
Authors: Maiti Panchanan , Peruzzaro Sarah , Kolli Nivya , Andrews Melissa , Al‐Gharaibeh Abeer , Rossignol Julien , Dunbar Gary L. 
Published: June 2019

AbstractAutophagy, including mitophagy, is critical for neuroprotection in traumatic brain injury (TBI). Transplantation of mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) provides neuroprotection and induces autophagy by increasing anti‐inflammatory cytokines, such as interleukin‐10 (IL‐10). To evaluate these effects of IL10 that are released by MSCs, we genetically engineered MSCs to overexpress IL10 and compared their effects to unaltered MSCs following transplantation near the site of induced TBIs in rats. Adult, male Sprague‐Dawley rats were divided into four groups: Sham + vehicle, TBI + vehicle, TBI + MSCs‐IL‐10 and TBI + MSCs‐GFP. Thirty‐six hours post‐TBI, the first two groups received vehicle (Hanks balance salt solution), whereas last two groups were transplanted with MSCs‐IL‐10 or MSCs‐GFP. Three weeks after transplantation, biomarkers for neurodegenerative changes, autophagy, mitophagy, cell death and survival markers were measured. We observed a significant increase in the number of dead cells in the cortex and hippocampus in TBI rats, whereas transplantation of MSCs‐IL‐10 significantly reduced their numbers in comparison to MSCs alone. MSCs‐IL‐10 rats had increased autophagy, mitophagy and cell survival markers, along with decreased markers for cell death and neuroinflammation. These results suggest that transplantation of MSCs‐IL‐10 may be an effective strategy to protect against TBI‐induced neuronal damage.
Evaluation of effectiveness of treatment paradigm for newly diagnosed type 2 diabetes patients in Chin: A nationwide prospective cohort study
Authors: Cai Xiaoling , Hu Dayi , Pan Changyu , Li Guangwei , Lu Juming , Ji Qiuhe , Su Benli , Tian Haoming , Qu Shen , Weng Jianping , Zhang Danyi , Xu Jie , Ji Linong 
Published: June 2019

AbstractAims/IntroductionData of nationwide glycemic control and hypoglycemic treatment patterns in newly diagnosed type 2 diabetes patients in China are absent. The aim of this study was to assess the evolution of treatment patterns for newly diagnosed type 2 diabetes patients and the clinical outcomes during 12‐month follow up.Materials and MethodsThis is an observational prospective cohort study with 12 months of follow up. Patients with a diagnosis of type 2 diabetes for <6 months were enrolled. Glycated hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c) levels and hypoglycemic treatment patterns were collected at baseline and at every 3 months of follow up.ResultsA total of 79 hospitals were recruited, consisting of 5,770 participants. The mean HbA1c was 8.4 ± 2.5% at baseline, and decreased to 6.7 ± 1.2% at 12 months with 68.5% of patients achieving HbA1c <7%. At baseline, 44.6% of the patients were without hypoglycemic medications, 37.7% had oral hypoglycemic agents and 17.7% received insulin treatment. Determinants of change in HbA1c were treatment patterns, comorbidities, baseline characteristics such as obesity and smoking, regions, and tiers of hospitals. Associated factors with treatment alterations were time of follow up, treatment patterns, patient‐reported reasons such as the economic factors and poor efficacy.ConclusionsIn newly diagnosed type 2 diabetes patients, compared with patients without medications, patients with one oral hypoglycemic agent had higher possibilities of reaching glycemic control, whereas patients using insulin had lower possibilities of reaching the target. Factors associated with change in HbA1c and treatment alterations were also revealed.
The influences of socio‐individual determinants and health information seeking on health‐promoting behaviors among migrant women: A cross‐sectional study
Authors: Ahn Jung‐ae , Chae Duckhee 
Published: June 2019

AbstractAimThis study aimed to examine the effects of socio‐individual and health information‐seeking variables on health‐promoting behaviors among migrant women living in Korea.MethodsA descriptive, cross‐sectional design was used. A convenience sample comprising 190 Filipino marriage‐migrant women from G City and J province, South Korea, were recruited between November and December 2015. Participants completed self‐report surveys examining health‐promoting behaviors, health information seeking, and socio‐individual determinants.ResultsThe most popular health information sources were healthcare professionals (39.0%), family or friends (31.6%), and the Internet (28.9%). Most respondents (90.5%) possessed smart devices; 55.8% used them to seek health information, while 9.5% used health‐related applications. The health information that migrant women searched for online mainly concerned their health, diet/nutrition, and physical activity. Education (β = .15, p = .008), health status (β = −.10, p = .038), and smart device possession (β = .20, p = .032) were factors influencing health‐promoting behaviors.ConclusionsConsidering the high use of smart devices among migrant women in Korea, these findings suggest the need for an accessible, reliable, and easily understandable Internet‐based health information source to facilitate their health‐promoting behaviors.
Factors related to perioperative nurses' job satisfaction and intention to leave
Authors: Lee Seung Eun , MacPhee Maura , Dahinten V. Susan 
Published: June 2019

AbstractAimThis study investigated factors associated with perioperative nurses' job satisfaction and their intention to leave. Recruitment and retention of nurses are particularly important in a specialist environment such as the perioperative setting where it is especially difficult to attract and retain nurses due to its unique environment.MethodsCross‐sectional data were drawn from a larger study on nurses' work environments, conducted in one province of Canada. An e‐survey tool, consisting of validated scales, was administered by the provincial nurses' union to a stratified random sample of registered nurses. The study sample consisted of 113 perioperative nurses working in acute‐care hospitals. This study included two outcome variables (job satisfaction and intention to leave) and five predictor variables (three aspects of work environment, workload, and emotional exhaustion). Data were analyzed using multivariate linear and logistic regressions.ResultsA multivariate linear regression model explained 49% (adjusted R2) of variance in nurses' job satisfaction, and a multivariate logistic regression explained 19% (McFadden's R2) of the variance in their intent to leave. After controlling for work status and other predictors, nurse‐physician relationship was significantly related to nurses' job satisfaction, and emotional exhaustion was the key predictor for both outcome variables.ConclusionsThis study demonstrated that higher emotional exhaustion is associated with decreased job satisfaction and increased intention to leave among perioperative nurses. The findings suggest that nurse managers should create an empowering and open work environment that fosters perioperative nurses' job satisfaction and reduces their intention to leave.
Characteristics, outcome and factors associated with success of quitting smoking in 77 people living with HIV/AIDS who received smoking cessation therapy in Japan
Authors: Taniguchi Chie , Hashiba Chieko , Saka Hideo , Tanaka Hideo 
Published: June 2019

AbstractAimSmokers with HIV/AIDS have lower success of quitting smoking than smokers with other chronic diseases. However, there have been no studies investigating characteristics and outcomes of success of quitting smoking among people living with HIV compared to HIV‐negative people who received smoking cessation therapy. In addition, there have been no studies that investigated factors associated with success of quitting smoking among people living with HIV in Japan. The aim of this study was to elucidate characteristics, outcomes and factors associated with the success of quitting smoking in people living with HIV.MethodsWe previously conducted a prospective cohort study on patients who received Japanese smoking cessation therapy (SCT), which consists of smoking cessation intervention five times with nurses' counseling over a 12‐week period. Among them, we compared 77 HIV‐positive male individuals and 323 HIV‐negative male individuals with complications.ResultsSmokers with HIV had a larger number of cigarettes smoked per day, and higher scores of nicotine dependence and depression compared with the HIV‐negative group. The HIV‐positive group had a significantly lower success rate of quitting smoking than the HIV‐negative group (35.1 vs. 47.7%, p = .046). The subjects living with HIV who had higher self‐efficacy showed a significantly higher quit rate compared with those who had lower self‐efficacy (odds ratio 9.99, p < .01).ConclusionSmokers with HIV had characteristics that made it difficult for them to quit smoking. Increasing their self‐efficacy of quitting smoking through nurses' counseling will lead to success of quitting smoking in HIV‐positive smokers receiving the SCT.
The effects of bladder training on bladder functions after transurethral resection of prostate
Authors: Büyükyilmaz Funda , Culha Yeliz , Zümreler Hande , Özer Murat , Culha Mehmet Gokhan , Ötünçtemur Alper 
Published: June 2019

AbstractAim and ObjectivesThe aim of this was to examine the effect of bladder training on bladder functions.BackgroundUrinary catheterization is frequently performed in order to evaluate the outcomes of the surgical procedures and to monitor the urine output after urology operations.Design and MethodsThis quasi‐experimental study was conducted in the urology clinic in Istanbul, Turkey in which 50 males were nonrandomly assigned to either a bladder training (n = 28) or a control group (n =22). In the bladder training groups, the urinary catheters of the patients were clamped at 4‐hr intervals and then were left open for 5 min on the second postoperative day. This study was created in accordance with TREND Statement Checklist.ResultsThe first urgency time and the first voiding time were longer, and the prevoiding and the voiding volumes were higher following the removal of the catheter in the training group (p = 0.001). In addition, the evaluation of the patient bladder diaries in the first three days after the discharge period revealed that the daily frequencies of micturition and nocturia were lower (p = 0.04), the mean duration of intervals between the micturition was longer (p = 0.006), and the mean voided urinary volume was higher (p = 0.024) in the training group.ConclusionAt the end of the study, it is observed that bladder training performed by clamping the catheter on postoperative day 2 after Transurethral Resection of Prostate (TUR‐P) operation is a significant positive effect on the storage symptoms of the patients. Relevance to clinical practiceBefore removing the urinary catheter, bladder training programme affects positively to patients, especially prevoiding and the voiding volumes, the daily frequencies of micturition and nocturia on postoperative periods.
Facilitating holistic continuity of care for older patients: Home care nurses’ experiences using checklists
Authors: Nilsen Elin R. , Söderhamn Ulrika , Dale Bjørg 
Published: June 2019

AbstractAims and objectivesTo explore home care nurses’ experiences of implementation and use of checklists developed for improving continuity of care for older patients (65+ years).BackgroundThe Norwegian Coordination Reform was implemented to improve coordination between hospitals and communities and facilitate a quicker return to home community after hospital discharge. To follow‐up, national learning networks were initialised to improve pathways for chronically ill older patients, including the development and use of standardised checklists.DesignAn explorative qualitative design was chosen.MethodsThree focus group interviews were conducted, including 18 registered nurses from eight municipalities in southern Norway. Systematic text condensation was used to analyse the interview texts. The COREQ checklist was followed.ResultsThree categories emerged from the analysis. (a) “The implementation process” included the experiences of a chaotic beginning, the importance of involvement, the leaders’ role and resource allocation. (b) “Pros and cons of checklists in use” included the informants’ experiences of checklists’ usefulness for nurses and the patients. (c) “Competence needed” included the need for a comprehensive set of formal, experiential and social competences.Conclusion and relevance to clinical practiceThe leaders’ role, support and engagement are decisive for a successful implementation. To succeed and establish solid routines, allocating resources when implementing new laborious routines, such as checklists, is important. To improve holistic continuity of care to chronically ill older patients, checklists should be customisable to each patient's needs, be comprehensive enough to grasp the essence in what to be done at several time points, but at the same time brief enough to be operational. Checklists can be a useful tool for home care nurses, if customised to the individual municipality and the staffs’ working routines. It is important that the staff have versatile and extensive competencies enabling them to use the checklists appropriately.
Overseas qualified nurses’ communication with other nurses and health professionals: An observational study
Authors: Philip Susan , Woodward‐Kron Robyn , Manias Elizabeth 
Published: June 2019

AbstractAims and objectivesTo understand the interprofessional and intraprofessional communication patterns of overseas qualified nurses as they coordinate care for patients in Australian hospitals.BackgroundNumerous studies have informed the transitioning experiences of overseas qualified nurses with non‐English‐speaking backgrounds working in English‐speaking workplaces. Only a few observational studies have involved examining the intercultural communication experiences of overseas qualified nurses, and none have considered their intra‐ and interprofessional communication patterns.DesignA qualitative design was adopted, using participant observation and discourse analysis.MethodsThis study was from January 2017 to March 2017. Thirteen overseas qualified nurses working in acute, subacute and interventional cardiology settings in a Melbourne metropolitan hospital were shadowed over a period of 12 weeks to collect data that inform their communication patterns. The COREQ checklist was used.ResultsThis observational study informed by genre analysis revealed that intra‐ and interprofessional communication occurred more commonly under the clinical communication goals ofcoordinating careand less commonly underfacilitating intervention. Communication strategies ranged from structured interactions with use of communication tools to unstructured ad hoc interactions. Analysis of the discourse patterns demonstrated that effectiveness of interactions was affected by hesitancy, lack of assertion and few strategies to manage inadequate or aggressive communication by other team members. Poor clinical communication with peers was not always caused by the nurses from non‐English‐speaking backgrounds. Positive interpersonal interactions with laughter, language‐switching and small talk were evident in interactions with nurses from similar cultural backgrounds but were rare with local colleagues.ConclusionThe linguistic evidence from this study shows variations in communication competency between participants, which emphasises the importance of not viewing overseas qualified nurses’ communication training needs as homogenous. With the growing multicultural nature of healthcare teams, this study underscores the need for intercultural communication training for team integration and patient safety.Relevance to clinical practiceContinuous professional development should incorporate intercultural communication training to ensure team effectiveness within nursing teams as well as interprofessional teams.