bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Integrating the Perspectives of Relevant Stakeholders into the Development of a Service Robot for Nursing Homes: Needs Analysis and Scenario Development Using the International Classification of Functioning, Disability and Health (ICF)
Authors: Horstmannshoff Caren , Jahn Eva Theresa , Müller Martin 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
The demand for nursing home care is expected to increase. Robotic systems are discussed to address the nursing workforce shortage and maintain the quality of care by taking over service tasks. The KoBo34 project aimed to develop a service robot for nursing home care. A key aspect of successful robot development is to involve all potential future users. This paper presents an example of integrating identified nursing home residents’ needs from the perspective of relevant stakeholders into developing the service robot. A needs analysis was conducted through semi-structured interviews and field observations involving residents, their relatives, nursing home staff, and community-dwelling seniors. Data was analysed by structured qualitative content analysis using the International Classification of Functioning, Disability and Health. The identified needs were discussed regarding technical feasibility and safety and consented in a panel. User stories were derived and combined into three scenarios, forming the framework for the robot’s technical development. Through ten group and 13 individual interviews with 71 participants and 16 field observations, we identified Needs for support and Wishes and Doubts regarding technology. Inductive categories were doubts about Individuality, Substitution of caregivers through technology, and Data protection and privacy. The needs analysis revealed that residents often need help transporting trays, crave additional snacks between meals or after dinner, frequently forget to drink and cannot reach the in-house store. Based on structured discussions among the researchers and validation from nursing home staff, three scenarios were developed: Serving and clearing plates, offering beverages and snacks and supporting with shopping.
Survival expectations in melanoma patients: a molecular prognostic model associated with aging
Authors: Zhang Nenghua , Qiu Xinyi , Chen Xingying , Du Cheng , Dong Jingyi , Li Xiaohong , Chen Bing , Zhang Lin , Zhang Yuyan 
Published: February 2025

Abstract

Background
Aging and long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) are research hotspots in melanoma. However, no study has so far explored the relationship between melanoma prognosis and aging-related lncRNAs (ARLs).

Methods
The Cancer Genome Atlas database, the GTEx database, and the HAGR database were used in this study in a combined manner. Univariate and multivariate cox regression analyses were used to screen out lncRNA signatures associated with overall survival (OS) in the primary dataset. The risk scoring model was analyzed by risk stratification and tested internally. The protein expression levels of possible target genes of ARLs were verified by immunohistochemistry analysis in HPA database. Finally, gene enrichment analysis was performed.

Results
In the primary dataset, five OS-related lncRNA signatures (AC011481.1, USP30-AS1, EBLN3P, LINC01527, HLA-DQB1-AS1) were screened out. The survival curve showed that the high-risk group had a worse prognosis than the low-risk group. The immunohistochemical analysis revealed that reduced expression of Epidermal Growth Factor Receptor (EGFR), along with increased expression of Activating Transcription Factor 2 (ATF2) and DNA Polymerase Delta 1 (POLD1), was linked to a worse prognosis. Finally, enrichment analysis revealed that OS-related DELs were significantly enriched in the regulation of reactive oxygen metabolism, etc. The ARGs were significantly activated in the SKCM tissues. The regulation of aging in melanoma cells may be realized through ferroptosis, immunity, and autophagy and so on.

Conclusion
The ARL signature obtained in this study had better prognostic ability than individual clinical features.
The Role of Patient Education in Low Anterior Resection Syndrome: A Systematic Review
Authors: Tang P. , Tovel R. , Ong H. , Proud David , Burgess Adele , Watson Eleanor , Chen Wui Yeat , Lam David , Mohan Helen 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
Low anterior resection syndrome (LARS) is a significant complication after sphincter-preserving rectal cancer surgery and negatively impacts a patient’s quality of life. Treatment of LARS is multimodal, and many treatments require engagement from the patient. Understanding the complex array of treatment options and the potential additive effects of different therapies can be difficult. This systematic review aims to assess the role of patient education in treatment of LARS in colorectal cancer patients. A systematic literature search was conducted on PubMed, EMBASE and Ovid Medline according to the PRISMA guidelines for articles published from 1946 to October 2023 and registered with PROSPERO: 42,023,434,601. Studies that reported on clinical outcomes of patients with LARS that underwent any educational intervention were included for this review. Results from five publications including 368 patients with LARS were reviewed for analysis. Three interventions were delivered to symptomatic patients postoperatively and two to all patients who underwent low anterior resection preoperatively. Five trial protocols were also included for analysis, including three preoperative and two postoperative interventions Education interventions were often delivered alongside co-interventions such as medications and pelvic floor physiotherapy. Four studies reported improvement of mean LARS scores and quality of life measures related to the education intervention and associated co-interventions. Patient education has a positive impact towards improving functional outcomes in patients with LARS following resection for rectal cancer. In practice, it is often used in conjunction with other interventions. Determining optimal content and delivery methods is a target for future research.
Seasonal resistance status of two main malaria vectors Anopheles superpictus and Anopheles sacharovi (Diptera: Culicidae) populations from Turkey
Authors: Manap Rumeysa Yesim , Pinar Nazli , Gunenc Evin , Dogaroglu Taylan , Taskin Vatan , Kandemir İrfan , Dogac Ersin 
Published: February 2025

Abstract

Anopheles species are vectors for malaria. To date, insecticide application has been the primary method for controlling mosquito disease vectors. Chemical interventions to control vectors may occasionally prove ineffective, due to the development of insecticide resistance. Target-site insensitivity is one of the primary mechanisms that contribute to resistance. This study aims to determine the G119S (mutation of glycine to serine) and L1014S (mutation of leucine to phenylalanine) mutation rates of Anopheles superpictus Grassi, 1899 (Culicidae: Anophelinae) and Anopheles sacharovi Favre, 1903 (Culicidae: Anophelinae) populations and their seasonal variations in the Aegean Region. For both A. superpictus and A. sacharovi, the G119S mutation was observed at a low frequency during all three periods. The mean L1014S frequency for A. sacharovi populations in the spring 2018, fall 2018, and spring 2019 periods was 0.063, 0.156, and 0.196, respectively. For A. superpictus populations, the frequencies were 0.025, 0.013, and 0.024, respectively. Pyrethroids, the most widely utilized insecticide in recent years, which are presumed to be effective, will ultimately exhibit reduced efficacy in some of these populations.
Stable electrode material for use in supercapacitor with iodine doping after sulfonation of mesoporous activated carbon particles based on microalgae biomass
Authors: Levent Abdulkadir , Saka Cafer 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
Developing appropriate electrode materials is crucial for achieving supercapacitors with high power output and extended cycle life. Among these, biomass-derived carbon electrodes hold a prominent position in supercapacitor applications. However, these electrodes need to be modified by appropriate methods to increase their performance. In this study, sulphur and iodine heteroatom functionalization was performed using a hydrothermal method on activated carbon (SPAC) derived from a microalgae precursor through potassium hydroxide activation, resulting in iodine- and sulphur-doped SPAC (iodine@S-doped SPAC). Characterization was carried out with Scanning electron microscope (SEM), Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), X-ray diffraction analysis (XRD), energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDS), and nitrogen adsorption/desorption analyses. The electrochemical properties of the resulting composite material as a supercapacitor were examined. A specific capacitance of 208.95 F/g was achieved with the iodine@S-doped SPAC supercapacitor. The maximum energy density and power density of the supercapacitor, derived from the iodine@S-doped SPAC sample, were calculated as 5.11 Wh/kg and 2000 W/kg, respectively. Additionally, the coulombic efficiency of this supercapacitor was calculated to be 87.57% at a current density of 0.06 A/g. It also exhibited a capacity retention of up to 89.72% over 1000 cycles.
Feasibility of Fenton-based oxidation for reducing organic content, toxicity, and carbon footprint of automotive industry wastewater
Authors: Yavuz G. , Okumus M. B. , Bostanci S. , Karadirek I. E. , Ciggin A. S. 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
Automotive industry wastewater, particularly from the cataphoresis process, presents a challenge due to its high chemical oxygen demand and heavy metal content. Biological treatment alone is often insufficient, requiring pretreatment to enhance biodegradability. Fenton oxidation effectively targets toxic compounds, reducing inhibition of biological process. This study evaluates the feasibility of Fenton, Fenton-based, and photo-Fenton oxidation for pretreating automotive industry wastewater, aiming to optimize chemical oxygen demand removal and minimize sludge formation. Experimental studies using Response Surface Methodology revealed that Fenton and Fenton-based oxidations achieved similar chemical oxygen demand removal efficiencies, although the Fenton-based process with ferric iron produced more sludge. Photo-Fenton oxidation did not provide any significant benefit. Inhibition tests showed Fenton pretreatment reduced sludge inhibition from 44 to as low as 9% under optimal conditions. The optimal operating conditions for classical Fenton oxidation were determined as a ferrous iron concentration of 0.58 g L−1, a hydrogen peroxide to chemical oxygen demand molar ratio of 0.58 mol mol−1, and a reaction time of 30 min, resulting in a 49.58% chemical oxygen demand removal with minimal sludge formation and activated sludge inhibition. Compared to the coagulation-flocculation process, Fenton oxidation demonstrated the potential to reduce the carbon footprint by 6.6–16.6%, based on carbon dioxide emissions from chemical consumption. Therefore, classical Fenton oxidation as a pretreatment process can enhance biological treatment efficiency and lower the carbon footprint of automotive industry wastewater treatment.

Graphical abstract
Temporal Changes in Racial Disparities of HIV Linkage to Care from 2013 to 2020: A Statewide Cohort Analysis
Authors: Shi Fanghui , Weaver Katherine E. , Zhang Chen , Olatosi Bankole , Zhang Jiajia , Weissman Sharon , Li Xiaoming , Yang Xueying 
Published: February 2025

Abstract

Background
Racial disparities have historically existed regarding HIV care outcomes, including linkage to care. This study aims to explore the contribution of contextual features (e.g., socioeconomic and structural environmental factors) to the temporal change of county-level racial disparities in linkage to care.

Methods
This is a statewide population-based retrospective cohort study. The patient-level variables in the South Carolina HIV registry system were used to calculate the aggregated county-level linkage to care percentage. Then, we used four indices to measure racial disparities in the county-level percentage of timely linkage to care, i.e., the Black-White ratio, index of disparity (ID), weighted ID, and Gini coefficient. Linear mixed-effect models were used to estimate the relationship between a variety of contextual features and disparity indexes. The analysis included data from 2013 to 2020, with 2013 as the start year due to the availability of key contextual features and 2020 as the end year based on the most recent HIV registry data available at the time of this study.

Results
Across 46 counties in South Carolina, racial disparity in linkage to care persisted between 2013 and 2020, as indicated by all four indices. When using ID, weighted ID, and Gini as outcomes, counties with lower degrees of racial residential segregation and stronger family structure were at higher risk of racial disparities in linkage to care. For weighted ID only, counties with fewer primary care providers (β =  − 4.22; 95% CI, − 7.23 ~ 1.23) had larger racial disparities in linkage to care. Furthermore, for Gini only, counties with higher income inequalities (β = 0.01; 95% CI, 0.00 ~ 0.02) had larger racial disparities in linkage to care.

Conclusion
Efforts to address racial disparities should continue, and innovative approaches, specifically those that focus on social and structural factors, should be developed and implemented for populations that have poor HIV outcomes in the USA.
ChatGPT as a Virtual Patient: Written Empathic Expressions During Medical History Taking
Authors: Aster Alexandra , Ragaller Sophia Viktoria , Raupach Tobias , Marx Ambra 
Published: February 2025

Abstract

Objective
Virtual patients are already utilized in the teaching of medical history taking. Since its emergence, ChatGPT has been integrated into several areas of medical education. This study aimed to examine whether ChatGPT can be used to train empathic history taking while fostering students’ subjective autonomy.

Methods
Third-year medical students took histories with ChatGPT 3.5 after entering a predefined prompt covering cardiological diseases. Afterwards, students answered a questionnaire regarding their experienced autonomy. All chats were analyzed using the Empathic Communication Coding System measuring ChatGPT’s given empathic opportunities as well as students’ responses.

Results
Out of 659 interactions, 93 were identified as empathic. ChatGPT provided opportunities mostly through reporting emotional statements or challenges. Students sometimes missed reacting adequately to ChatGPT’s opportunities but more often responded by implicit recognition of patient perspective and reported a high level of experienced autonomy.

Conclusions
The study yielded preliminary results that ChatGPT might be suitable as a tool mimicking a virtual patient while enabling an empathic history taking. To date, ChatGPT seems valid as a supplement to training with simulated patients. Medical faculty could consider integrating ChatGPT into teaching, such as through a flipped classroom approach, to guide students in its use as ChatGPT continues to gain attention.
A novel robust multi-objective evolutionary optimization algorithm based on surviving rate
Authors: Jiang Wenxiang , Gao Kai , Zhu Shuwei , Xu Lihong 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
Multi-objective evolutionary optimization is widely utilized in industrial design. Despite the success of multi-objective evolutionary optimization algorithms in addressing complex optimization problems, research focusing on input disturbances remains limited. In many manufacturing processes, design parameters are vulnerable to random input disturbances, resulting in products that often perform less effectively than anticipated. To address this issue, we propose a novel robust multi-objective evolutionary optimization algorithm based on the concept of survival rate. The algorithm comprises two stages: the evolutionary optimization stage and the construction stage of the robust optimal front. In the former stage, we introduce the survival rate as a new optimization objective. Subsequently, we seek a robust optimal front that concurrently addresses convergence and robustness by employing a non-dominated sorting approach. Furthermore, we propose a precise sampling method and a random grouping mechanism to accurately recover solutions resilient to real noise while ensuring population’s diversity. In the latter stage, we introduce a performance measure that integrates both robustness and convergence to guide the construction of the robust optimal front. Experimental results demonstrate the superiority of the proposed algorithm in terms of both convergence and robustness compared to existing approaches under noisy conditions.
Dimensional and mechanical characterization of nylon lattice, spring, and non-assembly designs fabricated with selective laser sintering
Authors: Khatri Nava Raj , Smith Johnathan A. , Egan Paul F. 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
Selective laser sintering (SLS) is a promising additive manufacturing process for design innovation, particularly for integrated systems with non-assembly parts. In this paper, minimum size features and mechanics for SLS parts are analyzed to inform the design and characterization of nylon lattices, springs, and joints using prosthetics as an exemplary framework. These characterizations inform the printing of complete nylon consolidated parts using SLS, which was demonstrated with fully functional parts printed without the need for any further assembly. Material testing demonstrated that the prints have low anisotropy with elastic moduli from 770 to 920 MPa for varied print orientations and tension/compression cases. Lattices with body-centered cubic unit cells with 30% and 50% relative densities had effective elastic moduli ranging from 18 to 45 MPa. Helical springs with 3–7 mm wire diameters showed a tunable stiffness from 0.3 to 16.8 N/mm. Springs demonstrated a minimal loss in strength after 20 cycles. A finger prosthetic designed with 0.2-mm gap sizes between components was printed that demonstrated a non-assembly print of functioning joints. Overall, the work demonstrates SLS’s manufacturing constraints and mechanics for consolidated designs with non-assembly mechanisms that enable innovation across wide-ranging engineering.
Weight index of high-dimensional time-to-event feature selection method
Authors: Bhattacharjee Atanu , Halder Soutik 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
Feature selection in high-dimensional data is challenging, aiming to eliminate irrelevant features and build a robust statistical model that identifies prognostic markers. Our proposed approach introduces a weight function that assigns relevance scores to each feature in the model. This weight function allows us to prioritize features in the dataset, enabling the selection of potential genes based on assigned weights and an updated threshold value. To highlight genes with the greatest variation, the coefficient of variation is integrated into the weight function. In addition, the model considers the proportion of selected factors throughout the iterative process to mitigate selection bias. We evaluate the proposed method using both training and testing datasets, producing a ranked list of filtered gene candidates. To demonstrate the method’s utility, we apply it to a gene expression dataset from the Gene Expression Omnibus, yielding a final selection of 12 features from an initial set of 507. All analyses are conducted in the R programming language. In summary, this method offers a novel approach to feature selection in high-dimensional data, particularly applicable to genomics, proteomics, and transcriptomics datasets used to predict and monitor disease progression. By effectively reducing selection bias, the method supports the creation of reliable statistical models that include valuable prognostic markers.
Paired kernels and truncated Toeplitz operators
Authors: Câmara M. Cristina , Partington Jonathan R. 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
This paper considers paired operators in the context of the Lebesgue Hilbert space

$$L^2$$

L
2

on the unit circle and its subspace, the Hardy space

$$H^2.$$

H
2

.

The kernels of such operators, together with their analytic projections, which are generalizations of Toeplitz kernels, are studied. Inclusion relations between such kernels are considered in detail, and the results are applied to describing the kernels of finite-rank asymmetric truncated Toeplitz operators.
Dictionary-based assessment of European Sustainability Reporting Standard (ESRS) disclosure topics
Authors: Suta Alex , Molnár Péter , Limbach Zétény , Tóth Árpád 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
As the imperative for sustainable business practices and corporate responsibility has grown, the analysis and integration of Environmental, Social, and Governance (ESG) issues into corporate strategies has become a crucial aspect of business strategy. The paper assesses the ESG reporting preparedness of companies in the Central and Eastern European (CEE) region by analyzing their compliance with the European Sustainability Reporting Standards (ESRS). The study assesses the variability in disclosures across ESG pillars and examines their relationship with financial metrics using a test of independence and bootstrapped multiple regression. By employing an automated text analysis methodology on sustainability reports from top-performing companies, including Hungary, the Czech Republic, Poland, Austria, Slovenia, and Romania, the research identifies significant differences in reporting scores across various ESG disclosure topics. The results indicate that Climate Change (E1) scores are higher than those of other topics, suggesting an uneven emphasis on different aspects of sustainability. Furthermore, the analysis reveals that larger companies tend to achieve higher ESG scores, reflecting their greater resources for comprehensive and transparent reporting practices. The research contributes to the understanding of ESG reporting practices in the CEE region and highlights the importance of improvement in sustainability reporting to foster greater transparency and comparability. The findings suggest policy initiatives to encourage balanced reporting across all ESG topics and that companies, particularly smaller ones, could benefit from capacity-building efforts to enhance their reporting capabilities.

Graphical Abstract
Enhancing water sustainability in the Gobi Desert: processes based on IWRM principles
Authors: Purevjav Bolormaa , Klein Bern , Dierkes Julian , Kunz Nadja , Xavier André , McFaul Suzette 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
The mining industry is an important sector that contributes to economic growth and employment creation in Mongolia. Water access, water quality, and community engagement are the major challenges the Mongolian mining industry faces. Integrated Water Resource Management (IWRM) is a holistic water management approach that applies principles of economic efficiency, social equity, and environmental sustainability to ensure water sustainability. A research study was carried out to understand stakeholders’ views and perspectives on IWRM and to identify water use practices, challenges, and barriers in the Gobi Desert mining region. The aim was to identify processes that help to improve access to water in the Gobi Desert region. This research applied a qualitative approach and employed three data collection methods: (1) semi-structured interviews; (2) field observations and (3) documents and academic articles reviews. Research participants were representatives from mining companies, local communities, government, and river basin administrations. In the Gobi Desert region, processes contributing to improving water management are: (1) participatory water monitoring, (2) coal processing plant educational visits, (3) local stakeholders council’s meetings, (4) herder’s well improvement projects, (5) independent water auditing, and (6) water advocacy events. These practices, aligned with the core principles of IWRM provide practical solutions for sustainable water management in mining regions, with the potential for global adaptation.