bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The Pluripotency Continuum and Interspecies Chimeras
Authors: De Los Angeles Alejandro 
Published: June 2019

AbstractPluripotency refers to the capacity of single cells to form derivatives of the three germ layers—ectoderm, mesoderm, and endoderm. Pluripotency can be captured in vitro as a spectrum of pluripotent stem cell states stabilized in specialized laboratory conditions. The recent discovery that pluripotent stem cells can colonize the embryos of distantly related animal organisms could, with further refinement, enable the generation of chimeric embryos composed of cells of human and animal origin. If achievable, the production of human‐animal chimeras will open up new opportunities for regenerative medicine, facilitating human disease modeling and human organ generation inside large animals. However, the generation of human‐animal interspecies chimeras is anticipated to require human chimera‐competent pluripotent stem cells. Thus, it remains imperative to examine the pluripotency continuum more closely in light of advances that will facilitate the production of human‐animal chimeras. This piece will review the current understanding of the pluripotency continuum and interspecies chimeras. © 2019 by John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
Strategies, practices, and tensions in managing business model innovation for sustainability: The case of an Australian BCorp
Authors: Stubbs Wendy 
Published: June 2019

AbstractThis article provides new insights into sustainable innovation through the lens of business model innovation for sustainability. The article presents a case study of a new and underexplored business model for sustainability, the BCorp model. BCorps are profit‐orientated businesses certified to meet rigorous standards in relation to environmental and social performance, accountability, and transparency. This article examines the strategy, structure, and practices of an Australian BCorp and the tensions in reconciling economic, social, and environmental imperatives. The study found that the BCorp focuses on the social and economic aspects, with environmental performance only just recently being addressed in response to its poor performance on the environmental categories in the BCorp certification process. The social and economic aspects are strongly integrated in some practices (e.g., recruitment and marketing), but trying to balance these two has created tensions and conflict in other areas (e.g., ownership structure, performance measurement, sales, and product design). The study contributes to understanding the structures, strategies, and practices that facilitate sustainable innovation initiatives, the tensions that arise, and how they are managed.
Modified benzoxazolone (ABO‐AA) based single photon emission computed tomography (SPECT) probes for 18 kDa translocator protein
Authors: Srivastava Pooja , Kakkar Dipti , Kumar Pravir , Tiwari Anjani Kumar 
Published: June 2019

AbstractAcetamidobenzoxazolone (ABO) has been modified to ABO‐AA, 2‐(2‐(5‐bromo/chloro benzoxazolone)acetamide)‐3‐(1H‐indol‐3‐yl)propionate to improve pharmacokinetics and lipophilicity (log p = 2.04). The final compound was synthesized in better yield and in fewer steps than previously reported MBIP‐Br (70% vs. 62%). Computational docking confirmed binding of MBIP‐Cl with translocator protein (TSPO) as well as with mutant TSPO (−8.99 for PDB: 4RYQ and −9.30 for PDB: 4UC1, respectively). Ex‐vivo biodistribution and scintigraphy showed that 99mTc‐MBIP‐Cl is better than 99mTc‐MBIP‐Br in terms of uptake in TSPO‐rich organs and release kinetics 0–120 min postinjection. At 15 min, uptake was 2.75‐fold (12.91%ID/g vs. 4.69%ID/g) in lung and seven‐fold (5.16%ID/g vs. 0.72%ID/g) in heart for 99mTc‐MBIP‐Cl compared to that of 99mTc‐MBIP‐Br which gives warrant to utilize this single photon emission computed tomography agent in higher animals.
Body dissatisfaction and symptoms of bulimia nervosa prospectively predict suicide ideation in adolescents
Authors: Perkins Natalie M. , Brausch Amy M. 
Published: June 2019

AbstractObjectiveSymptoms of eating disorders have been established as significant concurrent correlates with suicide ideation and behaviors in adolescent samples, but very few studies have examined eating disorder symptoms as prospective risk factors for suicide. The current study examined eating disorder symptoms as prospective risk factors for suicide ideation in an unselected community sample of adolescents.MethodData were collected from 436 adolescents in middle and high school at baseline and 6‐ and 12‐month follow‐ups. Adolescents completed self‐report measures assessing eating disorder symptoms and suicide ideation and behaviors at each time point during school hours.ResultsRegression analyses found that body dissatisfaction was a significant prospective predictor of suicide ideation severity at the 6‐ and 12‐month follow‐ups, symptoms of bulimia nervosa (binge‐eating disorder and purging) predicted suicide ideation severity at the 12‐month follow‐up only, and symptoms of anorexia nervosa (drive for thinness and restricting) were not significant predictors of suicide ideation at either follow‐up. Exploratory analyses found the same pattern of results for the sample of girls only, while no significant predictors were found for boys only.DiscussionThis is the first longitudinal study of disordered eating and suicide ideation in American adolescents. Symptoms of bulimia nervosa and body dissatisfaction seem to be true risk factors for suicidal ideation. The current study demonstrates the importance of disordered eating behaviors in the development of suicidal ideation in adolescents, particularly for adolescent girls.
Thermal imaging in plant and ecosystem ecology: applications and challenges
Authors: Still Christopher , Powell Rebecca , Aubrecht Donald , Kim Youngil , Helliker Brent , Roberts Dar , Richardson Andrew D. , Goulden Michael 
Published: June 2019

AbstractTemperature is a primary environmental control on ecological systems and processes at a range of spatial and temporal scales. The surface temperature of organisms is often more relevant for ecological processes than air temperature, which is much more commonly measured. Surface temperature influences—and is influenced by—a range of biological, physical, and chemical processes, providing a unique view of temperature effects on ecosystem function. Furthermore, surface temperatures vary markedly over a range of temporal and spatial scales and may diverge from air temperature by 40°C or more. Surface temperature measurements have been challenging due to sensor and computational limitations but are now feasible at high spatial and temporal resolutions using thermal imaging. Thus, significant advances in our understanding of plant and ecosystem thermal regimes and their functional consequences are now possible. Thermal measurements may be used to address many ecological questions, such as the thermal controls on plant and ecosystem metabolism and the impact of heat waves and drought. Further advances in this area will require interdisciplinary collaborations among practitioners in fields ranging from physiology to ecosystem ecology to remote sensing and geospatial analysis. In this overview, we demonstrate the feasibility, utility, and potential of thermal imaging for measuring vegetation surface temperatures across a range of scales and from measurement, analysis, and synthesis perspectives.
Influence of socio‐economic and agronomic factors on aflatoxin and fumonisin contamination of maize in western Kenya
Authors: Njeru Nancy Karimi , Midega Charles Aura Odhiambo , Muthomi James Wanjohi , Wagacha John Maina , Khan Zeyaur Rahman 
Published: June 2019

AbstractConsumption of maize contaminated with mycotoxins has been associated with detrimental health effects. A farm survey covering 116 push‐pull and 139 non‐push‐pull cropping systems was conducted to determine the socio‐economic and agronomic factors that influence farmers’ knowledge on incidence and contamination of maize by ear rots and associated mycotoxins in western Kenya. All the respondents were smallholder farmers between the ages of 23 and 80 years, with 50% of them being female. Maize samples were collected from the standing crop in the field of each interviewed farmer and analyzed for aflatoxin and fumonisin. Only a small proportion of farmers had knowledge of aflatoxin and ear rots in maize. Overall, less than 20% of maize samples were contaminated with both aflatoxin and fumonisin, and more maize samples were contaminated with fumonisin as compared to aflatoxin. Proportions of maize samples containing higher than the acceptable Kenyan regulatory threshold (10 µg/kg) for aflatoxin and European Commission regulatory threshold (1,000) µg/kg for fumonisin were lower in maize samples from push‐pull cropping system. Age of farmer and county of residence were significantly and positively associated with knowledge of aflatoxin, while cropping system, county of residence, and level of education were positively associated with knowledge of maize ear rots. There was strong correlation between knowledge of maize ear rots and knowledge of aflatoxin. Levels of both aflatoxin and fumonisin were significantly and positively associated with the use of diammonium phosphate (DAP) fertilizer at planting. Aflatoxin levels were also positively associated with stemborer damage. Agronomic practices were not significantly different between push‐pull and non‐push‐pull farmers. However, use of DAP fertilizer was the most important agronomic factor since it was associated with both aflatoxin and fumonisin contamination of maize. These results imply that creating awareness is key to mitigation of ear rots and mycotoxin contamination of maize. The results also suggest that the levels of aflatoxin and fumonisin in maize in western Kenya were influenced both by pre‐harvest agronomic practices and by the cropping system adopted, push‐pull or not.
Bioactivities of enzymatic protein hydrolysates derived from Chlorella sorokiniana
Authors: Tejano Lhumen A. , Peralta Jose P. , Yap Encarnacion Emilia S. , Chang Yu‐Wei 
Published: June 2019

AbstractChlorella sorokiniana protein isolates were enzymatically hydrolyzed using pepsin, bromelain, and thermolysin, with their molecular characteristics and bioactivities determined. Thermolysin hydrolysates exhibited the highest degree of hydrolysis (18.08% ± 1.13%). The sodium dodecyl sulfate–polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (SDS‐PAGE) results showed that peptides with molecular weights <10 kDa were found in the hydrolysates compared to the protein isolates. Bioactivity assays revealed that pepsin peptide fraction <5 kDa showed the highest angiotensin‐converting enzyme (ACE)‐inhibitory (34.29% ± 3.45%) and DPPH radical scavenging activities (48.86% ± 1.95%), while pepsin peptide fraction <10 kDa demonstrated the highest reducing power with 0.2101% ± 0.02% absorbance. Moreover, antibacterial assessment revealed that pepsin hydrolysate and peptide fractions displayed inhibition to the test microorganisms. Overall, the present findings suggest that C. sorokiniana protein hydrolysates can be valuable bio‐ingredients with pharmaceutical and nutraceutical application potentials.
Microplastics in the Environment: Much Ado about Nothing? A Debate
Authors: Backhaus Thomas , Wagner Martin 
Published: June 2019

AbstractThis article documents a debate between the two authors on the issue of microplastics in the environment. It is sparked by a viewpoint published by G. Allen Burton, who argues that the risk of microplastics is overrated. The authors have started debating this notion on Twitter, but the format has quickly turned out to be too cumbersome to exchange arguments. It is thus decided to continue the conversation by exchanging letters published as preprints in roughly four‐week intervals. In these contributions, a broad range of relevant issues are touched upon, including the differences in risk conceptions, risk communication in the attention economy, risk assessment in situations of scientific uncertainty, the need to test proper hypotheses, the problem of prioritizing environmental issues, the costs of action and inaction, the application of the precautionary principle or a strictly evidence‐based approach for policy‐making and, eventually, larger issues related to the Anthropocene. In hindsight, it is felt that this debate is rewarding because it made possible expressing and reflecting on the values and opinions in ways otherwise impossible in social media and standard scientific articles.
What satisfies younger versus older employees, and why? An aging perspective on equity theory to explain interactive effects of employee age, monetary rewards, and task contributions on job satisfaction
Authors: Kollmann Tobias , Stöckmann Christoph , Kensbock Julia M. , Peschl Anika 
Published: June 2019

AbstractIn light of increasingly age‐diverse workforces, organizations face the challenge of fostering job satisfaction among both younger and older employees. Combining equity theory with an aging perspective, we propose that due to age‐related shifts in motives and goals, younger versus older employees’ job satisfaction will depend differently on monetary rewards (outcome side of equity theory), task contributions (input side of equity theory), as well as on imbalances (inequity) in the relationship between monetary rewards and task contributions. In a multisource study with 166 managers, we found that while younger employees were satisfied primarily by monetary rewards, older employees were satisfied primarily by their task contributions. Most importantly, a three‐way interaction indicated that younger versus older employees react differently to two types of inequity: Being proportionally over‐rewarded (i.e., receiving high monetary rewards for low task contributions) reduced older (but not of younger) employees’ job satisfaction. By contrast, under‐reward inequity (i.e., receiving low monetary rewards for high task contributions) decreased younger (but not of older) employees’ job satisfaction. These age‐dependent effects of job features on job satisfaction reveal important theoretical as well as practical implications.
Advances in the development of power supplies for the Internet of Everything
Authors: Fan Xiayue , Liu Xiaorui , Hu Wenbin , Zhong Cheng , Lu Jun 
Published: June 2019

AbstractThe Internet of Everything (IoE), which aims to realize information exchange and communications for anything with the Internet, has revolutionized our modern world. Serving as the driving force for devices in the IoE network, power supply systems play a fundamental role in the development of the IoE. However, due to the complexity, multifunctionality and wide‐scale deployment of diverse applications, power supply systems face great challenges, including distribution, connection, charging technologies, and management. In this review, some challenges and advances in the development of both power supply systems and their units are presented. In the overall system‐level field, establishing sustainable and maintenance‐free power supply systems through wireless connections, efficient power management and integrated energy harvesting and storage systems is highlighted. Additionally, the main performance metrics of power supply units are discussed, including energy density, service life, and self‐power ability. In addition, some directions of power quality assessment for both the system and unit levels of power supply systems are presented, aiming to provide insight into the future development of high‐performance power supply systems for the IoE.
History of tRNA research in strasbourg
Authors: Florentz Catherine , Giegé Richard 
Published: June 2019

AbstractThe tRNA molecules, in addition to translating the genetic code into protein and defining the second genetic code via their aminoacylation by aminoacyl‐tRNA synthetases, act in many other cellular functions and dysfunctions. This article, illustrated by personal souvenirs, covers the history of ~60 years tRNA research in Strasbourg. Typical examples point up how the work in Strasbourg was a two‐way street, influenced by and at the same time influencing investigators outside of France. All along, research in Strasbourg has nurtured the structural and functional diversity of tRNA. It produced massive sequence and crystallographic data on tRNA and its partners, thereby leading to a deeper physicochemical understanding of tRNA architecture, dynamics, and identity. Moreover, it emphasized the role of nucleoside modifications and in the last two decades, highlighted tRNA idiosyncrasies in plants and organelles, together with cellular and health‐focused aspects. The tRNA field benefited from a rich local academic heritage and a strong support by both university and CNRS. Its broad interlinks to the worldwide community of tRNA researchers opens to an exciting future. © 2019 IUBMB Life, 2019 © 2019 IUBMB Life, 71(8):1066–1087, 2019
Trilayer scaffold with cardiosphere‐derived cells for heart valve tissue engineering
Authors: Chen Qi , Bruyneel Arne , Carr Carolyn , Czernuszka Jan 
Published: June 2019

AbstractNatural polymers collagen, glycosaminoglycans, and elastin are promising candidate materials for heart valve tissue engineering scaffolds. This work produced trilayer scaffolds that resembled the layered structures of the extracellular matrices of native heart valves. The scaffolds showed anisotropic bending moduli (in both dry and hydrated statuses) depending on the loading directions (lower in the With Curvature direction than in the Against Curvature direction), which mimicked the characteristic behavior of the native heart valves. The interactions between cardiosphere‐derived cells and the scaffolds were characterized by multiphoton microscopy, and relatively similar cell distributions were observed on different layers (a cell density of 3,000–4,000 mm−3 and a migration depth of 0.3–0.4 mm). The trilayer scaffold has represented a forwarding step from the previous studies, in attempting to better replicate a native heart valve structurally, mechanically, and biologically.
Cabergoline: a review of its use in the inhibition of lactation for women living with HIV
Authors: Tulloch Karen J , Dodin Philippe , Tremblay‐Racine Fannie , Elwood Chelsea , Money Deborah , Boucoiran Isabelle 
Published: June 2019

AbstractIntroductionIn developed countries, breastfeeding is not recommended for women living with human immunodeficiency virus (WLWH). However, lactation symptoms can be distressing for women who choose not to breastfeed. There is currently no universal guideline on the most appropriate options for prevention or reduction of lactation symptoms amongst WLWH. This review describes the evidence base for using cabergoline, a dopaminergic agonist, for the post‐partum inhibition of lactation for WLWH.MethodsA scoping review of post‐partum pharmaceutical lactation inhibition specific for WLWH was conducted using searches in PubMed, Medline Ovid, EBM Reviews Ovid, Embase, Web of Science and Scopus until 2019. A narrative review of cabergoline pharmacologic properties, therapeutic efficacy, tolerability data and drug interaction data relevant to lactation inhibition was then conducted.Results and discussionAmong 1366 articles, the scoping review identified 13 relevant publications. Eight guidelines providing guidance regarding lactation inhibition for WLWH and two surveys of medical practice on this topic in UK have been published. Three studies have evaluated the use of pharmaceutical agents in WLWH. Two of these studies evaluated cabergoline and reported it to be an effective method of lactation inhibition in this population. The third study evaluated ethinyl estradiol and bromocriptine use and showed poor efficacy. Cabergoline is a long‐acting dopamine D2 agonist and ergot derivative that inhibits prolactin secretion and suppresses physiologic lactation when given as a single oral dose of 1 mg after delivery. Cabergoline is at least as effective as bromocriptine for lactation inhibition with success rates between 78% and 100%. Transient, mild to moderate adverse events to cabergoline are described in clinical trials. Few drug interactions exist as cabergoline is neither a substrate nor an inducer/inhibitor of hepatic cytochrome P450 isoenzymes. There are no reported clinically significant drug–drug interactions between cabergoline and any antiretroviral medications including protease inhibitors.ConclusionsCabergoline is a safe and effective pharmacologic option for the prevention of physiological lactation and associated physical symptoms in non‐breastfeeding women. Future studies should focus on its safety, efficacy and acceptability among WLWH.
Rapid detection of pesticides in honey by solid‐phase micro‐extraction coupled with electrospray ionization mass spectrometry
Authors: Choi Yi‐Ching , Ng Tsz‐Tsun , Hu Bin , Li Rong , Yao Zhong‐Ping 
Published: June 2019

AbstractDetection of pesticide residues in food samples is important for safeguarding food quality and safety. Conventional approaches for detection of pesticides in food samples typically involve labour‐intensive and time‐consuming sample pretreatment and chromatographic separation. In this study, solid phase micro‐extraction fibres were used to rapidly extract and enrich pesticides in honey, a popular agricultural product with complex matrix, and then directly coupled with electrospray ionization mass spectrometry for qualitative and quantitative analysis. Three pesticides, ie, atrazine, benalaxyl, and pirimicarb, were investigated using the technique and their analytical performances were evaluated. The limits of detection and limits of quantitation of all the three pesticides could fulfil the cut‐off values of the international standard. Linear calibration curves were constructed with good R2 coefficients, and the accuracy and precision were in acceptable ranges for all the pesticides. The analysis time is much reduced, with only minimum sample preparation and no chromatographic separation involved. The technique is simple and easy to set up, and can be extended for analysis of other analytes and sample systems.
Climate trends in the East Antilles Islands
Authors: Jury Mark R. , Bernard Didier 
Published: June 2019

AbstractThis paper analyzes climate trends in satellite‐blended model reanalyses for the east Antilles islands of Guadeloupe, Dominica and Martinique (14–17°N, 62.5–60.5°W). Trends are studied for the dry winter (JFM) and wet summer (JAS) seasons, for parameters including: aerosol profile, tropospheric NO2 concentration, rainfall and hydrology, outgoing longwave radiation, potential evaporation, sea level, air and sea temperature and salinity in the upper ocean. Climate change emerges in the form of 2–4 and 6–8‐year surges in near‐surface temperature and mid‐tropospheric subsidence. While near‐surface specific humidity exhibits a rising trend especially in summer, the mid‐troposphere is drying. Coastal zones show little trend in rainfall, but cloud forests on the volcanic slopes are getting wetter. Faster rising trends are noted for sea surface height, and for sea temperatures in low salinity zones that affect tropical cyclone intensification. This work quantifies the spatial and temporal nature of climate variability in the east Antilles islands of Guadeloupe, Dominica and Martinique and advocates for increasing integration of mesoscale analysis into studies on local socio‐economic vulnerability.