bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
PDK-1 mediated Hippo–YAP–IRS2 signaling pathway and involved in the apoptosis of non-small cell lung cancer cells
Authors: Wang Guofang , Liu Xiaomei , Xie Jiali , Meng Jinfei , Ni Xiaoqin 
Published: April 2019

Abstract
Pyruvate dehydrogenase kinase-1 (PDK-1), a gatekeeper enzyme, was involved in cancer progression, such as tumor angiogenesis, cell survival, and growth. Recent evidence indicated that PDK-1 may be involved in lung cancer, however, the function and underlying mechanism of PDK-1 is remaining unclear. In the present study, our aim was to investigate the role and mechanisms of PDK-1 in human non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) cells. We first observed that PDK-1 was highly expressed in NSCLC cell lines. PDK-1 silence resulted in the inhibition of NSCLC cell survival. Also, cell apoptosis and caspase-3 activity were increased by PDK-1 knockdown in H1299 and A549 cells. Attenuation of PDK-1 expression blocked YAP and insulin receptor substrate 2 (IRS2) expression, and PDK-1 silence suppressed IRS2 expression dependent on Hippo–YAP signaling pathway. Moreover, further studies confirmed that YAP or IRS2 overexpression reversed the action of PDK-1 in NSCLC cells. In conclusion, our findings indicate that PDK1/Hippo–YAP/IRS2 signaling pathway plays a critical role in NSCLC cell survival and apoptosis.
Hsa_circ_0004370 promotes esophageal cancer progression through miR-1294/LASP1 pathway
Authors: Zhang Zhenyang , Lin Wenwei , Gao Lei , Chen Keqing , Yang Chuangcai , Zhuang Linwei , Peng Shuai , Kang Mingqiang , Lin Jiangbo 
Published: April 2019

Abstract
Circular RNAs (circRNAs) formed by back-splicing play multiple roles in the occurrence and development of cancer. Here, we found that hsa_circ_0004370 was up-regulated in both esophageal cancer (EC) tissues and cell lines. Loss function of hsa_circ_0004370 by si-RNA significantly suppressed proliferation and invasion and promoted apoptosis in both EC cell lines. The sponging of miR-1294 by hsa_circ_0004370 was bioinformatically predicted and subsequently verified by luciferase reporter assay and RNA immunoprecipitation assay. Further, hsa_circ_0004370 involved in the up-regulation of LASP1 by sponging miR-1294. Besides, the inhibition of the down-regulated hsa_circ_0004370 on cell malignant behaviors was rescued by miR-1294 inhibitor. Finally, this rescue effect was abrogated by suppressing the expression of LASP1. The results present here suggest that hsa_circ_0004370 functions as an oncogene on cell proliferation, apoptosis, and invasion via miR-1294/LASP1 axis.
Are SGLT2 polymorphisms linked to diabetes mellitus and cardiovascular disease? Prospective study and meta-analysis
Authors: Drexel Heinz , Leiherer Andreas , Saely Christoph H. , Brandtner Eva Maria , Geiger Kathrin , Vonbank Alexander , Fraunberger Peter , Muendlein Axel 
Published: April 2019

Abstract
Inhibition of the sodium glucose co-transporter 2 (SGLT2) reduces cardiovascular morbidity, and mortality in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) with atherosclerotic, cardiovascular disease. So far, a link between common genetic variations of the SGLT2 encoding gene SLC5A2 and glucose homeostasis as well as cardiovascular disease has not been established. The present study, therefore, aimed to investigate SLC5A2 single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in relation to type 2 diabetes and coronary artery disease (CAD) and prospectively the incidence of cardiovascular events. We genotyped the SLC5A2 tagging SNPs rs9934336, rs3813008, and rs3116150 in a total of 1684 high risk cardiovascular patients undergoing coronary angiography, including 400 patients with T2DM. Additionally, we performed a meta-analysis combining results from the present study and the literature. Variant rs9934336 was significantly associated with decreased HbA1c (P = 0.023). Further, rs9934336 was significantly inversely associated with the presence of T2DM in univariate (OR = 0.82 [0.68–0.99]; P = 0.037) as well as in multivariate analysis (OR = 0.79 [0.65–0.97]; P = 0.023). The association between rs9934336 and T2DM was confirmed in a meta-analysis including results from two previous observations which by themselves had failed to show a significant association of the polymorphism with T2DM (OR = 0.86 [0.78–0.95]; P = 0.004). Polymorphisms rs3813008 and rs3116150 were associated neither with glycemic parameters nor with T2DM. None of the SNPs tested was significantly associated with the baseline presence of CAD or the incidence of cardiovascular events. We conclude that genetic variation within the SLC5A2 gene locus is significantly related to the manifestation of T2DM.
CircLMTK2 acts as a novel tumor suppressor in gastric cancer
Authors: He Jian , Chen Jie , Ma Ben , Jiang Li , Zhao Guangfa 
Published: April 2019

Abstract
Recently, circRNAs have been found to play regulatory roles in cancer. In the present study, we aimed to investigate the characteristics and effect of circLMTK2, and its potential role as a novel biomarker in cases of gastric cancer (GC). About 111 pairs of clinical tissues from patients were collected for circLMTK2 expression investigation. Afterward, the relationship of circLMTK2 expression level and clinical features, such as survival, tumor size and so on, were analyzed, along with a multivariate Cox hazards analysis. Finally, malignant biological properties, like cell viability and mobility, were explored in cell line MGC-803. We found that circLMTK2 was a stable circRNA generated from the back-spliced Exon 10 and Exon 11 of the LMTK2 gene in GC cells. CircLMTK2 expression was significantly down-regulated in gastric carcinoma tissue specimens (P&lt;0.001) compared with its expression in paired normal tissues. Furthermore, a Kaplan–Meier analysis revealed that lower levels of circLMTK2 expression were associated with decreased overall survival (OS) (P&lt;0.001), and a multivariate Cox hazards analysis showed that high circLMTK2 expression was an independent factor for OS. Afterward, overexpression of circLMTK2 was performed in gastric cancer cell line MGC-803, and results indicated that malignant biological properties were inhibited by circLTMK2 overexpression. The present study showed the first evidence that circLMTK2 was down-regulated in GC, suggesting it as a novel biomarker for prognosis, and also as a therapeutic target in treatment of GC.
Hydroxyurea promotes TET1 expression and induces apoptosis in osteosarcoma cells
Authors: Teng Songsong , Ma Chunhui , Yu Yinxian , Yi Chengqing 
Published: April 2019

Abstract
Ten-eleven translocation (TET) proteins are abnormally expressed in various cancers. Osteosarcoma cells were treated with hydroxyurea to investigate the expression pattern of TET proteins in these cells. The expression of TET1 was increased in U2OS cells after treatment with hydroxyurea. In addition, hydroxyurea increased cell apoptosis and altered the cell cycle. TET proteins catalyze the oxidation of 5-methylcytosine (5mC) to 5-hydroxymethylcytosine (5hmC); therefore, 5mC and 5hmC levels were evaluated. Increased 5hmC levels were observed after the hydroxyurea treatment. Experiments examining cell apoptosis and the cell cycle after knockdown and overexpression of TET1 were conducted to further investigate whether TET1 expression affected cell growth. The overexpression of TET1 increased cell apoptosis and inhibited cell growth. Taken together, TET1 expression regulated proliferation and apoptosis in U2OS cells, changes that were associated with 5hmC levels.
Culturing primary neurons from rat hippocampus and cortex
Authors: Sahu Madhusmita Priyadarshini , Nikkilä Outi , Lågas Seija , Kolehmainen Sulo , Castrén Eero 
Published: April 2019

Abstract
Primary neurons from rodent brain hippocampus and cortex have served as important tools in biomedical research over the years. However, protocols for the preparation of primary neurons vary, which often lead to conflicting results. This report provides a robust and reliable protocol for the production of primary neuronal cultures from the cortex and hippocampus with minimal contribution of non-neuronal cells. The neurons were grown in serum-free media and maintained for several weeks without any additional feeder cells. The neuronal cultures maintained according to this protocol differentiate and by 3 weeks develop extensive axonal and dendritic branching. The cultures produced by this method show excellent reproducibility and can be used for histological, molecular and biochemical methods.
The safeguard of a rural landscape and of its use. Study on the western-south of Lazio (Italy).
Authors: Lombardini Nora 
Published: April 2019

The paper analyses the policy of the preservation and enhancement (from the economic point of view) of the rural landscape in the western-south of Lazio, and especially in the territory of Agro Pontino. The final act of the reclaimed land, during the Fascism, was realized with the development of the main preservation laws on what, nowadays, is defined as “cultural heritage” but, at that time, was described as “things of historical and artistic interests” and “natural beauties”.
The development of the policy of the Italian preservation went in parallel with a deep interesting on the rural world, representing the base of the national economy.
The paper starts from the Italian liberal policy of the first decade of the 20th century, considering the maturing attention on the Italian territory between the needs of the economic emergencies (and the rural settlement planning) and the necessary attention of the land management.
The investigation on the interaction of the economic interests with the cultural (and political) necessity of the safeguard of the national territorymust underline the role of public and private interests, and their influence, on the use of the territories and on the realization of the marshes of the Agro Pontino, a new reclaimed geographical area, very close the beautiful land of the ancient Vulcan of Lazio (nowadays “Parco dei Castelli Romani”).
Kniegelenknahe Korrekturosteotomien
Authors: Dickschas Jörg , Staubli Alex , Harrer Jörg 
Published: April 2019

ZusammenfassungKniegelenknahe Korrekturosteotomien bei unikompartimenteller Gonarthrose haben in den letzten Jahren eine starke Renaissance erlebt. Sie müssen als Alternative zum monokompartimentellen oder kompletten Gelenkersatz mit bedacht werden.
Finite Element Analysis and Biomechanical Testing of the New MiniMIS Short Stem
Authors: Trieb Klemens , Huber Dominik , Sonntag Robert , Kretzer Jan Philippe 
Published: April 2019

Abstract
Introduction In hip arthroplasty a trend towards short stem prostheses is observed. The aim of this study is to investigate the finite element analysis and biomechanical fatigue performance of a new short stem prosthesis.
Methods A finite element analysis was used to simulate the stresses during neck and stem loading according to the ISO standards. Numerical analysis with applied forces of up to 6 kN were performed in the vertical direction on a femoral neck-preserving stem (MiniMIS). During experimental testing, 10 million cycles with a maximum load of 5.34 kN using the worst case of a XL ceramic head (36 mm) were applied. This was followed by a Locati test, where the load was increased until failure of the stem.
Results For all stems, stress values below the limits according to the ISO 5832-3 standard (yield strength of 800 N/mm2) were calculated by the finite element analysis. In the biomechanical tests, the total number of 10 million cycles with a maximum load of 5.34 kN was reached in all cases without any visible signs of implant damage. The estimated load to failure after stem testing was 2.16 kN (required by ISO 7206-4: 1.2 kN) and after neck testing > 9.35 kN (required by ISO 7206-6: 5.4 kN).
Summary The presented finite element calculation and subsequent biomechanical testing show that the design of this stem meets the essential mechanical requirements given by the ISO and a material failure is not expected in all variants tested under the applied boundary conditions.
Necrobiosis lipoidica – Klinische Charakteristika und therapeutische Ansätze
Authors: Erfurt-Berge C. , Schliep S. 
Published: April 2019

ZusammenfassungDie Necrobiosis lipoidica ist eine seltene granulomatöse Dermatose, die sich vornehmlich an den Streckseiten der unteren Extremitäten mit gelblich-bräunlichen Plaques manifestiert. Ulzerationen können den Verlauf erschweren. Klare Therapieempfehlungen fehlen, da aufgrund der geringen Patientenzahlen keine großen randomisierten Studien vorliegen. Neben dem Einsatz von Glukokortikoiden scheinen Fumarsäureester und Biologika therapeutisch vielversprechend.
Recent Advances in Electrochemical Oxidative Cross-Coupling for the Construction of C–S Bonds
Authors: Song Chunlan , Liu Kun , Dong Xin , Chiang Chien-Wei , Lei Aiwen 
Published: April 2019

With the importance of sulfur-containing organic molecules, developing methodologies toward C–S bond formation is a long-standing goal, and, to date, considerable progress has been made in this area. Recent electrochemical oxidative cross-coupling reactions for C–S bond formation allow the synthesis of sulfur-containing molecules from more effective synthetic routes with high atom economy under mild conditions. In this review, we highlight the vital progress in this novel research arena with an emphasis on the synthetic and mechanistic aspects of the organic electrochemistry reactions.1	Introduction2	Electrochemical Oxidative Sulfonylation for the Formation of C–S Bonds2.1	Applications of Sulfinic Acid Derivatives for the Formation of C–S Bonds2.2	Applications of Sulfonylhydrazide Derivatives for the Formation of C–S Bonds3	Electrochemical Oxidative Thiolation for the Formation of C–S Bonds3.1	Applications of Disulfide Derivatives for the Formation of C–S Bonds3.2	Applications of Thiophenol Derivatives for the Formation of C–S Bonds4	Electrochemical Oxidative Thiocyanation for the Formation of C–S Bonds5	Electrochemical Oxidative Cyclization for the Formation of C–S Bonds6	Conclusion
Comparison of a once Daily with a twice Daily Subcutaneous Low Molecular Weight Heparin Regimen in the Treatment of Deep Vein Thrombosis
Authors: Charbonnier Bernard A. , Fiessinger Jean-Noël , Banga J. D. , Wenzel Ernst , d’Azemar Pascal , Sagnard Luc ,   FRAXODI group
Published: April 2019

SummaryBackground: Clinical trials have been performed to compare with standard heparin a once or a twice daily regimen of low-molecular-weight heparin but no direct comparison has been done between these two low-molecular-weight heparin regimens in terms of efficacy and safety with a long-term clinical evaluation.Methods: Patients with proximal deep vein thrombosis, confirmed by venography were randomly assigned to either nadroparin (10,250 AXa IU/ml) twice daily or nadroparin (20,500 AXa IU/ml) once daily for at least 5 days. Regimens were adjusted to bodyweight. Oral anticoagulants were started on day 1 or 2 and continued for 3 months. Patients were followed up for 3 months. The composite outcome of venous thromboembolism and death possibly related to pulmonary embolism was the primary measure of efficacy. Major bleeding was the principal measure of safety. The study was designed to show equivalence between the two regimens.Results: Recurrent thromboembolic events or death possibly related to pulmonary embolism were reported in 13 patients in the once daily group (4.1%) and in 24 patients of the twice daily group (7.2%): (absolute difference 3.1% in favor of the once daily regimen; 95% confidence interval -6.6%, +0.5%). Major bleeding episodes during nadroparin treatment occurred in 4 (1.3%) and 4 patients (1.2%) in the once and twice daily groups, respectively.Conclusions: A nadroparin regimen of one injection per day is at least as effective and safe as the same total daily dose divided over two injections for the treatment of acute deep vein thrombosis.
Modelling academic entrepreneurial intention with Bayesian networks / Modelado de la intención emprendedora académica con redes bayesianas
Authors: Ruiz-Ruano Ana-María , Puga Jorge L. 
Published: April 2019

Entrepreneurship serves as an engine for the economy and has sparked a great deal of scholarly interest since the Enlightenment. Today, universities play an essential role in knowledge transfer as drivers that promote this phenomenon. The objective of this study is to compare different theoretical models that seek to explain the variables involved in entrepreneurial intention among university faculty using an automatic structural learning method of Bayesian networks. The sample was comprised of 1,068 professors from Spanish public universities between the ages of 24 and 77 ( M = 43.54, SD = 9.78). The results show that the variables that directly predict entrepreneurial intention are self-efficacy, desirability, attitude and social norm. These results are interesting for further exploring knowledge of the variables involved in the process of entrepreneurship at the university level and proposing systems to foster entrepreneurship.
Powder bed fusion additive layer manufacturing of titanium alloys
Authors: Eskandari Sabzi Hossein 
Published: April 2019

Powder bed fusion (PBF) techniques for additive layer manufacturing (ALM) are reviewed with a focus on titanium alloys production. Selective laser melting and electron beam melting are discussed in terms of feedstock production and processing-microstructure relationships. To control the PBF processes, an outline is presented on the computational modelling approaches for simulating process parameters and defects such as residual stresses and porosity at different length scales. It is concluded that by improving powder production techniques, designing new alloys and further developing ALM hardware, PBF techniques can reach commercial maturity. This review was submitted as part of the 2019 Materials Literature Review Prize of the Institute of Materials, Minerals and Mining run by the Editorial Board of MST. Sponsorship of the prize by TWI Ltd is gratefully acknowledged.
The gapless energy spectrum and spin-Peierls instability of 1D Heisenberg spin systems in polymeric complexes of transition metals and hypothetical carbon allotropes
Authors: Cheranovskii V O , Slavin V V , Tchougréeff A L , Dronskowski R 
Published: April 2019

Abstract
We investigate the spin-Peierls instability of some periodic 1D Heisenberg spin systems having a gapless energy spectrum at different values of coupling J between the unit cells. Using the density-matrix renormalization group method we numerically study the dependence of critical exponents p  of spin-Peierls transition of above spin systems on the value of J. In contrast to chain systems, we find significantly non-monotonous dependence p (J) for three-legs ladder system. In the limit of weak coupling J we derive effective spin s chain Hamiltonians describing the low-energy states of the system considered by means of perturbation theory. The value of site spin s coincides with the value of the ground-state spin of the isolated unit cell of the system considered. This means that at small J values all the systems with the singlet ground state and the same half-integer value of s should have a similar critical behavior which is in agreement with our numerical study. The presence of gapped excitations inside the unit cells at small values of J should give, for our spin systems, at least one intermediate plateau in field dependence of magnetization at low temperatures. The stability of this plateau against the increase of the values of J and temperature is studied using the quantum Monte-Carlo method.
Generation of arbitrary all-photonic graph states from quantum emitters
Authors: Russo Antonio , Barnes Edwin , Economou Sophia E 
Published: April 2019

Abstract
We present protocols to generate arbitrary photonic graph states from quantum emitters that are in principle deterministic. We focus primarily on two-dimensional cluster states of arbitrary size due to their importance for measurement-based quantum computing. Our protocols for these and many other types of two-dimensional graph states require a linear array of emitters in which each emitter can be controllably pumped, rotated about certain axes, and entangled with its nearest neighbors. We show that an error on one emitter produces a localized region of errors in the resulting graph state, where the size of the region is determined by the coordination number of the graph. We describe how these protocols can be implemented for different types of emitters, including trapped ions, quantum dots, and nitrogen-vacancy centers in diamond.
The Role of Sex and Age on Pre-drinking: An Exploratory International Comparison of 27 Countries
Authors: Ferris Jason , Puljević Cheneal , Labhart Florian , Winstock Adam , Kuntsche Emmanuel 
Published: April 2019

Abstract

Aims
This exploratory study aims to model the impact of sex and age on the percentage of pre-drinking in 27 countries, presenting a single model of pre-drinking behaviour for all countries and then comparing the role of sex and age on pre-drinking behaviour between countries.

Methods
Using data from the Global Drug Survey, the percentages of pre-drinkers were estimated for 27 countries from 64,485 respondents. Bivariate and multivariate multilevel models were used to investigate and compare the percentage of pre-drinking by sex (male and female) and age (16–35 years) between countries.

Results
The estimated percentage of pre-drinkers per country ranged from 17.8% (Greece) to 85.6% (Ireland). The influence of sex and age on pre-drinking showed large variation between the 27 countries. With the exception of Canada and Denmark, higher percentages of males engaged in pre-drinking compared to females, at all ages. While we noted a decline in pre-drinking probability among respondents in all countries after 21 years of age, after the age of 30 this probability remained constant in some countries, or even increased in Brazil, Canada, England, Ireland, New Zealand and the United States.

Conclusions
Pre-drinking is a worldwide phenomenon, but varies substantially by sex and age between countries. These variations suggest that policy-makers would benefit from increased understanding of the particularities of pre-drinking in their own country to efficiently target harmful pre-drinking behaviours.
Effects of Alcohol Consumption on Pair Bond Maintenance and Potential Neural Substrates in Female Prairie Voles
Authors: Walcott Andre T , Ryabinin Andrey E 
Published: April 2019

AbstractAimsDiscordant heavy alcohol use is a risk factor for disruption of intimate partner relationships. Modeling these relationships in prairie voles indicates that biological effects of alcohol can contribute to this risk. In particular, alcohol consumption disrupted an established preference for a female partner in male prairie voles if the partner was drinking water, but not if the partner was drinking alcohol. The current study investigated the effects of alcohol consumption on pair bonds in female prairie voles.MethodsFemale and male prairie voles established pair bonds during 1 week of cohabitation. Following cohabitation, females and their partners were put into mesh-divided cages where they were given access to 10% ethanol and water or only water for 1 week. Pair bonds in female prairie voles were tested using the partner preference test (PPT). Following the PPT, we examined oxytocin, vasopressin and FosB immunoreactivity across several brain regions.ResultsFemale prairie voles consumed more alcohol if their male partner was also drinking alcohol, but not if their partner was drinking water. During PPT, females preferred their partner over a stranger, regardless of their partner’s drinking status. Alcohol consumption decreased oxytocin immunoreactivity in the paraventricular nucleus of the hypothalamus and increased FosB immunoreactivity in the centrally projecting Edinger–Westphal nucleus.ConclusionsEstablished partner preference in female prairie voles is resistant to alcohol consumption. This finding suggests that the risk for disruption of intimate partner relationships in females is not mediated by a decreased motivation to be with their partners.