bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Identification of proteins involved inTrypanosoma bruceiDNA replication fork dynamics using nascent DNA proteomics
Authors: Rocha-Granados Maria C , Bermudez Yahaira , Dodard Garvin , Vandoros Anthula V , Günzl Arthur , Klingbeil Michele M 
Published: November 2018

AbstractDNA replication, transcription and chromatin remodeling are coordinated to ensure accurate duplication of genetic and epigenetic information. In regard to DNA replication, trypanosomatid parasites such asTrypanosoma bruceidisplay unusual properties including significantly fewer origins of replication than model eukaryotes, a highly divergent Origin Replication Complex (ORC), and an apparent lack of several replication factor homologs. Although recent studies inT. bruceiindicate functional links among DNA replication, transcription, and antigenic variation, the underlying mechanisms remain unknown. Here, we adapted an unbiased technology for the identification of replication fork proteins called iPOND (isolation ofproteinsonnascentDNA) toT. brucei, its first application to a parasite system. This led to the mass spectrometric identification of core replication machinery and of proteins associated with transcription, chromatin organization, and DNA repair that were enriched in the vicinity of an unperturbed active replication fork. Of a total of 410 enriched proteins, among which DNA polymeraseαand replication factor C were scoring in the top, around 25% of the proteins identified were of unknown function and, therefore, have the potential to be essential trypanosome-specific replication proteins. Initial characterization of a protein annotated as a Replication Factor C subunit (Tb927.10.7990), and a protein of unknown function (Tb927.3.5370) revealed that both proteins retain nuclear localization throughout the cell cycle. While Tb927.3.5370 appeared to be a dispensable gene, Tb927.10.7990 proved to be essential since its silencing caused a growth defect in procyclic cells, accumulation of zoids and impaired DNA replication. Future studies on the generated proteins list can contribute to the understanding of DNA replication dynamics inT. bruceiand how replication is coordinated with other cellular processes to maintain genome integrity.
Trust in scientists and rates of noncompliance with a fisheries rule in the Brazilian Pantanal
Authors: Shirley Ethan A. , Gore Meredith L. 
Published: November 2018

AbstractNatural resource rules exist to manage resources and the people that interact with them. These rules often fail because people do not comply with them. Decisions to comply with natural resource rules often are based on attitudes about legitimacy of rules and the perceived risks of breaking rules. Trust in agencies promulgating rules in part may determine perceptions of legitimacy of the rule, and in turn depends on individuals’ trust in different agency actors. The purpose of this research was to explore the relationship between fishing rule noncompliance and trust in scientists, a key group within management agencies. We interviewed 41 individuals in one rural fishing community in the Brazilian Pantanal from April to August, 2016, to assess (1) noncompliance rates, (2) noncompliance-related attitudes, and (3) the relationship between trust in scientists and noncompliance decisions in the region. We found that among study participants, noncompliance was common and overt. Trust in scientists performing research in the region was the best predictor of noncompliance rate with a fishing rule (nonparametric rank correlation ρ = −0.717; Probit model pseudo-R2 = 0.241). Baseline data from this research may help inform future interventions to minimize IUU fishing and protect the Pantanal fishery. Although our results are specific to one community in the Pantanal, trust in scientists is potentially an important factor for compliance decisions in similar situations around the world. These results build not only on compliance theory but also speak to the important role that many scientists play in the geographic areas in which they conduct their research.
Body composition and growth in full-term small for gestational age and large for gestational age Swedish infants assessed with air displacement plethysmography at birth and at 3-4 months of age
Authors: Larsson Anna , Ottosson Peter , Törnqvist Caroline , Olhager Elisabeth 
Published: November 2018

AbstractBackground:Being born small for gestational age (SGA) or large for gestational age (LGA) has short and long term metabolic consequences. There is a growing interest in the extent to which body composition, both in the short and the long term, differs in infants born at the extremes of these birth weights.Methods:Body composition in 25 SGA and 25 LGA infants were assessed during the first days of life and at 3-4 months of age using air displacement plethysmography.Results:SGA infants had significantly lower body fat (%) at birth compared to LGA infants. SGA infants increased their body weight and length at a significantly higher rate between birth and 3-4 months than LGA infants. Fat mass (g) in SGA infants increased 23 times between birth and 3-4 months of age compared to 2.8 times for LGA infants. At 3-4 months of age LGA infants reached a threshold in body fat (%) while SGA infants were still gaining body fat (%).Conclusion:Several significant differences have been identified between SGA and LGA infants, indicating that the effects of intrauterine life continues to play an important role in body composition and growth during the first 3-4 months of life.
The role of glycaemic, lipid, blood pressure and obesity risk factors as mediators of the effect of height on Coronary Artery Disease and Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus: A Mendelian Randomisation Study
Authors: Marouli Eirini , Fabiola Del Greco M. , Astley Christina , Yang Jian , Ahmad Shafqat , Berndt Sonja , Caulfield Mark J. , Evangelou Evangelos , McKnight Barbara , Medina-Gomez Carolina , van Vliet-Ostaptchouk Jana V. , Warren Helen R. , Zhu Zhihong ,   GIANT Consortium
Published: November 2018

AbstractWe investigated by Mendelian Randomisation (MR) analyses the causal effect of adult height on coronary artery disease (CAD) (23,755 cases, 425,339 controls) and type 2 diabetes (T2D) (29,427 cases, 416,908 controls) in UK Biobank. We then examined whether such effects are mediated via known cardiometabolic risk factors including body mass index (BMI), glycaemic traits, lipid levels and blood pressure. We further cross-checked our findings by two-sample MR and Multivariate MR analyses with publicly available summary statistics data. One standard deviation (SD) higher genetically determined height (~6.5 cm) was causally associated with a 14% decrease in CAD risk (OR= 0.86, 95% CI= 0.790.94). This causal association remained significant after performing sensitivity analyses relaxing pleiotropy assumptions. The causal effect of height on CAD risk appeared to be independent of risk factors such as lipid levels, blood pressure and BMI; association was reduced by only 1-3% after adjustment for potential mediators. We observed no direct causal effect of height on T2D risk, once its effect on BMI was taken into account (OR= 0.99, 95% CI= 0.96-1.02), suggesting that BMI acts as a mediator.
Women’s leadership and well-being: incorporating mindfulness into leadership development programs
Authors: Beddow Helen 
Published: November 2018

Purpose
This paper aims to review the latest management developments across the globe and pinpoint practical implications from cutting-edge research and case studies.

Design/methodology/approach
This briefing is prepared by an independent writer who adds their own impartial comments and places the articles in context.

Findings
Leadership development programs should include tools and strategies to help women cope with the unique challenges facing them in leadership roles. One such tool is mindfulness, which could help reduce stress and promote greater well-being.

Practical implications
The paper provides strategic insights and practical thinking that have influenced some of the world’s leading organizations.

Originality/value
The briefing saves busy executives and researchers’ hours of reading time by selecting only the very best, most pertinent information and presenting it in a condensed and easy-to-digest format.
Epidemiological spreading of mortgage default
Authors: Schweikert Jochen , Höchstötter Markus 
Published: November 2018

Purpose
This paper aims to introduce mathematical models to capture the spreading of epidemics to explain the expansion of mortgage default events in the USA.

Design/methodology/approach
The authors use the state of infectiousness and death to represent the subsequent steps of payment elinquency and default, respectively. As the local economic structure influences regional unemployment, which is a strong driver of mortgage default, the authors model interdependencies of regional mortgage default rates through employment conditions and vicinity.

Findings
Based on a large sample between 2000 and 2014 of loan-level data, the estimation of key parameters of the model is proposed. The model’s forecast accuracy shows an above-average performance compared to well-known approaches such as linear regression or logit models.

Originality/value
The key findings may be useful in understanding the dynamics of mortgage defaults and its spatial spreading.
An analysis of regional house prices in Greece
Authors: White Michael , Papastamos Dimitrios 
Published: November 2018

PurposeThis paper aims to examine the housing market in Greece after the Global Financial Crisis focussing on regional analysis and urban markets in Athens and Thessaloniki.Design/methodology/approachThe paper uses a data set of over 70,750 property values from 2007 until 2014 incorporating characteristics variables upon which hedonic models are estimated. These form the bases for calculating value indices for mix adjusted houses/apartments by year and region. The indices are used in a panel model in which regional and economic variables are included as independent variables. Using advances in dynamic panel data modelling, a bias-corrected least squares dummy variable corrected (LSDVC) model is applied.FindingsResults indicate the importance of macroeconomic variables in terms of the role of disposable income and significantly different regional effects. Examining the major urban markets, results indicate significant differences in the response of house values to exogenous demand side influences, consistent with the finding of significant regional differences in the LSDVC.Research limitations/implicationsWhile data on valuations are used that may contain smoothing, the data set covers a large sample of residential properties. As regional economic differences are significant and persistent, housing markets will also behave differently, and hence national policies, unless targeted, will have regionally differentiated effects.Practical implicationsRegional heterogeneity needs to be considered in model estimation.Social implicationsPolicymakers should consider regional differences to improve policy effectiveness.Originality/valueThis is the first paper to use a large sample of residential properties in Greece and apply the LSDVC model to overcome estimation biases.
Critical success factors in public-private partnerships (PPPs) on affordable housing schemes delivery in Tanzania
Authors: Kavishe Neema , Chileshe Nicholas 
Published: November 2018

Purpose
The purpose of this paper is to identify the critical success factors (CSFs) and key areas for improvement for public–private partnerships (PPP) in affordable housing schemes (AHS) projects, using Tanzania as a case study.

Design/methodology/approach
Semi-structured interviews were conducted with 10 public and private sector practitioners in Tanzania. The collected data and the interview transcripts were analysed using the standard qualitative analysis technique of content analysis.

Findings
The findings show the six most important CSFs as: a dedicated team of professionals to oversee the PPP projects, official and unofficial site visits and inspection, government support and guarantees, undertaking checks and balance from the design stage to construction stage, scrutiny of PPP project proposal and trust and integrity. The mapping of the CSFs across the PPP project lifecycle highlighted a higher incidence across the following phases: building (n = 11), preparation (n = 10) and operational (n = 9).

Practical implications
The identification of these CSFs would support PPP practitioners in successfully implementing PPP in AHS; besides, there is potential for their inclusion in the future development of the affordable housing PPP conceptual framework. Therefore, based on the identified CSFs, both the government and policy makers could use the findings as the basis for re-examining the existing PPP policy and regulations and reflecting on the existing situation with a view to improving the delivery of future PPP projects.

Originality/value
This paper provides the first empirical study by applying direct content analysis to identify and understand the CSFs and key areas for improvement for PPPs in AHS within the Tanzanian housing sector. This is rather an under researched subject around CSFs for PPPs from developing countries such as Tanzania.
The driving factors to rental depreciation of purpose built office (PBO) buildings
Authors: Wan Rodi Wan Norhishamuddin , Che-Ani Adi Irfan , Tawil Norngainy Mohd , Ting Kien Hwa , Aziz Fatin 
Published: November 2018

PurposeThe rising awareness of the significance of protecting the environment and reducing the carbon footprints of buildings has led to the development of sustainable or green office buildings that are believed to be more energy-efficient and environmentally friendly. Despite this, not many have studied the extent of impacts between green classification and rental depreciation in Malaysia, besides the other traditional causes. Therefore, the primary purpose of this study is to identify the relationship of building characteristics and location factors, namely, green building classifications (BCLs), location and site (LOT), building engineering and services (BES) and building appearance and design (BAD) that contribute to rental depreciation in the Golden Triangle Area of Kuala Lumpur.Design/methodology/approachA survey using a questionnaire was used in the data collection targeting the selected Kuala Lumpur commercial purpose built office building property managers. To establish the significance and relevance of the model, this study employed the PLS algorithm and bootstrapping procedures.FindingsThis research suggests that there were significant impacts of LOT, BAD, and BES towards rental depreciation. On the contrary, sustainable classifications were found insignificant towards rental depreciation.Originality/valueThe novelty of this study is that it proposes the sustainable classifications as one of the components in analysing the commercial property depreciation.
The impact of Musharakah financing on the monetary policy in the Islamic economy
Authors: Adela Hatem 
Published: November 2018

Purpose
This paper aims to contribute to formulating the methodological framework for a paradigm of Islamic economics, using the development of the conventional economics, theoretical and mathematical methods.

Design/methodology/approach
The study based on the inductive and mathematical methods to contribute to economic theory within the methodological framework for Islamic Economics, by using the return rate of Musharakah rather than the interest rate in influence the economic activity and monetary policy.

Findings
Via replacement, the concept of the interest rate by the return rates of Musharakah. It concludes that the central bank can control the monetary policy, economic activity and the efficient allocation of resources by using the return rates of Musharakah through the framework of Islamic economy.

Practical/implications
The study is a contribution to formulate the methodological framework for a paradigm of Islamic economics, where it investigates the impact of return rates of Musharakah on the money market and monetary policy, by the mathematical methods used in the conventional economy. Also, the study illustrates the importance of further studies that examine the methodological framework for Islamic Economics.

Originality/value
The study aims to contribute to formulating the Islamic economic theory, through the return rate of Musharakah financing instead of the interest rate, and its effectiveness of the monetary policy. As well as reformulating the concepts of the investment function, the present value and the marginal efficiency rate of investment according to the Islamic economy approach.
Talent Rising; people analytics and technology driving talent acquisition strategy
Authors: Walford-Wright Gavin , Scott-Jackson William 
Published: November 2018

Purpose
This paper aims to study the opportunities that have been created through technological advancement in the talent acquisition industry and how this links to strategic HR management (SHRM) and business strategy. It focuses on how an organisation can embrace the world’s leading technology and compose a unique technology stack to overcome its challenges in talent acquisition.

Design/methodology/approach
This paper opted for a blend of qualitative and quantitative data gathered through interviews, online questionnaires and the literature review of relevant secondary data. The justification of the primary research methodology was to gather valid and reliable data to inform decisions and address the research question.

Findings
The analysis of the data shows a significant improvement in all the key metrics related to the talent acquisition process after the implementation of “Talent Rising” model. The role of a recruiter and the talent acquisition team has radically changed and has now become an internal strategic partner with aligned interest, an advisor to the organisation. There is an increase in the use of new media/technology to attract candidates and with the increase in millennial candidates entering the workforce, social media will be increasingly important in talent branding and attraction; the digital by default generation is already here.

Research limitations/implications
The “Talent Rising” model has been specifically created and designed to be used by others: organisations, academics and policy makers. It is a “plug and play” tech stack model which can be used like an a la carte menu dependent on the actual requirements (and investment appetite) for each organisation.

Practical implications
This paper includes implications for the creation of a people analytics and talent technology framework to reduce cost per hire, reduce time to hire and increase quality of hire.

Originality/value
This paper fulfils an identified need to study how people analytics and technology can drive talent acquisition strategy.
Guideline‐concordant initiation of oral anticoagulant therapy for stroke prevention in older veterans with atrial fibrillation eligible for Medicare Part D
Authors: Done Nicolae , Roy Amanda M. , Yuan Yingzhe , Pizer Steven D. , Rose Adam J. , Prentice Julia C. 
Published: November 2018

ObjectiveTo characterize the rate of guideline‐concordant initiation of oral anticoagulation (OAC) among elderly Veterans with atrial fibrillation (AF) and high stroke risk.Data Sources/Study SettingVeterans Health Administration (VHA) Corporate Data Warehouse (CDW) linked with Medicare claims 2011‐2015.Study DesignWe identified 6619 elderly, high stroke‐risk patients with a new episode of AF initially diagnosed in the VHA during fiscal years 2012‐2015. We used logistic regression to estimate marginal effects of associations between patient characteristics and OAC initiation within 90 days of the first AF episode.Data Extraction MethodsWe identified OACs using generic drug names. We calculated comorbidities and risk scores using diagnosis codes from 1 year of baseline data.Principal FindingsOverall, 66.5% of Medicare‐eligible Veterans with AF at high risk of stroke initiated an OAC within 90 days. We found lower initiation rates for patients enrolled in Medicare Part D and those ineligible for drug co‐payment subsidies. OAC initiation rates increased during the study among VHA‐reliant patients but not among dual VHA‐Part D enrollees.ConclusionsOne‐third of elderly Veterans at risk of stroke are not receiving recommended therapy. Increased coordination between Medicare and VHA providers may lead to improvements in anticoagulation quality and stroke prevention.
Diel Activity and Effect of Carcass Decomposition on the Attractiveness to the Forensically Important SpeciesOxelytrum Discicolle(Coleoptera: Silphidae)†
Authors: Lira Luiz Antonio , Macedo Marcos Patrício , Pujol‐Luz José Roberto , Vasconcelos Simão Dias 
Published: November 2018

AbstractOxelytrum discicolleis a carrion beetle commonly found in the Neotropical region, mainly associated with cadavers and carcasses. Information on behavior related to the likelihood of cadaver colonization is scarce. We performed two field experiments in peri‐urban forest in Brazil in order to strengthen our knowledge onO. discicollebehavior. In the first experiment, we assessed the preference for piglet carcasses at different stages of decomposition offered simultaneously in two seasons, dry and rainy, while in the second experiment we investigated the diel activity of adults. A total of 493 adults were collected in the experiments. A significantly higher abundance was detected in the rainy season. There was a marked preference for carcasses at advanced stages. Adults exhibited a typical nocturnal behavior, the number trapped at night was 17 times greater than those collected during the day.Oxelytrum discicolleis nocturnal species that prefers carcasses in advanced stage of decomposition.
Regulation of osteoblasts by alkaline phosphatase in ankylosing spondylitis
Authors: Jo Sungsin , Han Jinil , Lee Young L. , Yoon Subin , Lee Jaehyun , Wang Sung E. , Kim Tae‐Hwan 
Published: November 2018

AbstractAimAnkylosing spondylitis (AS) is characterized by excessive spinal ankylosis and bone formation. Alkaline phosphatase (ALP) activity is reported to be high in AS, but little is known about the molecular relationship between ALP and AS. The aims of this study were to investigate the relevance of ALP to AS and the role of ALP in the regulation of osteoblast differentiation in AS.MethodsHigh‐throughput data with accession numbers GSE73754 and GSE41038 were downloaded from the Gene Expression Omnibus. We retrospectively collected and compared the ALP levels of male patients with AS to those of sex‐ and age‐matched healthy controls (HC) and rheumatoid arthritis (RA) patients. Total serum ALP and ALP activity were measured in the AS and RA groups. ALP gene expression and intracellular ALP activity were analyzed in microarray data from primary diseases control (Ct) and AS‐bone‐derived cells (BdCs) and in vitro experiments. Furthermore, the effect of ALP inhibitor was examined in both primary Ct‐ and AS‐BdCs under osteoblast differentiation. Regulation of runt‐related transcription factor 2 (RUNX2) by ALP was also analyzed.ResultsAlkaline phosphatase level was higher in AS compared with RA and HC and was associated with radiograph progression. ALP expression was also enriched in the bone tissue of AS patients. Furthermore, AS‐BdCs exhibited increasing ALP activity, leading to accelerated osteoblastic activity and differentiation. Intriguingly, inhibition of ALP reduced RUNX2 expression, a master transcriptional factor in osteoblasts, and differentiation status of both primary Ct‐ and AS‐BdCs. Treatment of ALP activator or inhibitor modulated RUNX2 protein level and RUNX2 regulated ALP promoter activity, indicating a reciprocal ALP‐RUNX2 positive feedback to regulate osteoblast differentiation.ConclusionAlkaline phosphatase was highly expressed in AS patients, may be involved in the ankylosis of AS, and represents a possible therapeutic target for ankylosis.