bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Cytosolic Genomic DNA functions as a Natural Antisense
Authors: Asada Ken , Ito Keiya , Yui Daishi , Tagaya Hirokuni , Yokota Takanori 
Published: May 2018

AbstractStress conditions such as UV irradiation, exposure to genotoxic agents, stalled DNA replication, and even tumors trigger the release of cytosolic genomic DNA (cgDNA). Classically, cgDNA induces interferon response via its binding to proteins such as STING. In this study, we found previously reported cgDNA (cg721) exists in the cytosol of the mouse cell lines, cultured under no stress conditions. The overexpression of cg721 suppressed the complementary RNA expression using strand selection and knockdown of DNA/RNA hybrid R-loop removing enzyme RNase H and three prime repair exonuclease 1 TREX1 increased the expression levels of cg721 and thus, inhibited the target Naa40 transcript, as well as protein expression, with a phenotypic effect. In addition, cgDNA was incorporated into extracellular vesicles (EVs), and the EV-derived cg721 inhibited gene expression of the acceptor cells. Thus, our findings suggest that cg721 functions as a natural antisense DNA and play a role in cell-to-cell gene regulation once it secreted outside the cell as EVs.
Prognostic relevance of hemodialysis for short-term survival in patients after LVAD implantation
Authors: Schmack Bastian , Grossekettler Leonie , Weymann Alexander , Schamroth Joel , Sabashnikov Anton , Raake Philip W. , Popov Aron F. , Mansur Ashham , Karck Matthias , Schwenger Vedat , Ruhparwar Arjang 
Published: May 2018

AbstractEnd-stage heart failure (HF) is associated with renal failure (RF). This study aimed to determine the prognostic influence of RF and post-operative hemodialysis on short-term survival following left ventricular assist device (LVAD) implantation. This retrospective study includes 68 patients undergoing LVAD treatment. Kidney function was recorded prior to LVAD implantation, immediately afterwards and after 30 days, noting the need for hemodialysis. Median pre-operative Interagency Registry for Mechanically Assisted Circulatory Support (INTERMACS) classification was 3.47 ± 1.08. 30 days after implantation there was a significant improvement of estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) and reduction of blood urea nitrogen (BUN). Of pre-operative RF parameters, BUN was associated with increased mortality and need for early post-operative hemodialysis. Post-operative hemodialysis was associated with significantly lower short-term survival, while pre-operative hemodialysis did not impact mortality. Post-operative acute kidney injury (AKI) requiring hemodialysis can be regarded as a strong negative prognostic marker for short-term survival. The absence of a clear correlation between most routine RF parameters and survival or the need for early post-operative hemodialysis calls into question the predictive value of pre-operative RF. The negative association of only post-operative hemodialysis on short-term survival emphasises the impact of the occurrence of AKI.
Toxic effects of selected proprietary dry eye drops on Acanthamoeba
Authors: Sifaoui Ines , Reyes-Batlle María , López-Arencibia Atteneri , Chiboub Olfa , Rodríguez-Martín Javier , Rocha-Cabrera Pedro , Valladares Basilio , Piñero José E. , Lorenzo-Morales Jacob 
Published: May 2018

AbstractAmoebae of the genusAcanthamoebaare ubiquitous protists that have been isolated from many sources such as soils, water and the air. They are responsible for infections including fatal encephalitis and a severe keratitis in humans. To date, there is no satisfactorily effective therapeutic agent against this pathogen and the infections it causes are exacerbated by the existence of a resistant cyst stage produced by this amoeba. As dry eye syndrome is a risk factor forAcanthamoebakeratitis, we aimed to evaluate the anti-Acanthamoebaactivity of a variety of proprietary eye drops intended to treat dry eye syndrome. From the nine eye drop formulations tested, “Systane Ultra” was determined to be the most active against all testedAcanthamoebastrains. During our investigations into the mode of action of Systane Ultra, we discovered that it decreases mitochondrial membrane potential and ATP levels, induces chromatin condensation, and increases the permeability of the plasma-membrane.
Exploring oxygen-affinity-controlled TaN electrodes for thermally advanced TaOx bipolar resistive switching
Authors: Kim Taeyoon , Baek Gwangho , Yang Seungmo , Yang Jung Yup , Yoon Kap Soo , Kim Soo Gil , Lee Jae Yeon , Im Hyun Sik , Hong Jin Pyo 
Published: May 2018

AbstractRecent advances in oxide-based resistive switching devices have made these devices very promising candidates for future nonvolatile memory applications. However, several key issues remain that affect resistive switching. One is the need for generic alternative electrodes with thermally robust resistive switching characteristics in as-grown and high-temperature annealed states. Here, we studied the electrical characteristics of Ta2O5−xoxide-based bipolar resistive frames for various TaNxbottoms. Control of the nitrogen content of the TaNxelectrode is a key factor that governs variations in its oxygen affinity and structural phase. We analyzed the composition and chemical bonding states of as-grown and annealed Ta2O5−xand TaNxlayers and characterized the TaNxelectrode-dependent switching behavior in terms of the electrode’s oxygen affinity. Our experimental findings can aid the development of advanced resistive switching devices with thermal stability up to 400 °C.
SEEG initiative estimates of Brazilian greenhouse gas emissions from 1970 to 2015
Authors: de Azevedo Tasso Rezende , Costa Junior Ciniro , Brandão Junior Amintas , Cremer Marcelo dos Santos , Piatto Marina , Tsai David Shiling , Barreto Paulo , Martins Heron , Sales Márcio , Galuchi Tharic , Rodrigues Alessandro , Morgado Renato , Ferreira André Luis , Barcellos e Silva Felipe , Viscondi Gabriel de Freitas , dos Santos Karoline Costal , Cunha Kamyla Borges da , Manetti Andrea , Coluna Iris Moura Esteves , Albuquerque Igor Reis de , Junior Shigueo Watanabe , Leite Clauber , Kishinami Roberto 
Published: May 2018

AbstractThis work presents the SEEG platform, a 46-year long dataset of greenhouse gas emissions (GHG) in Brazil (1970–2015) providing more than 2 million data records for the Agriculture, Energy, Industry, Waste and Land Use Change Sectors at national and subnational levels. The SEEG dataset was developed by the Climate Observatory, a Brazilian civil society initiative, based on the IPCC guidelines and Brazilian National Inventories embedded with country specific emission factors and processes, raw data from multiple official and non-official sources, and organized together with social and economic indicators. Once completed, the SEEG dataset was converted into a spreadsheet format and shared via web-platform that, by means of simple queries, allows users to search data by emission sources and country and state activities. Because of its effectiveness in producing and making available data on a consistent and accessible basis, SEEG may significantly increase the capacity of civil society, scientists and stakeholders to understand and anticipate trends related to GHG emissions as well as its implications to public policies in Brazil.
Myasthene Krise
Authors: Stetefeld Henning R. , Schroeter Michael 
Published: May 2018

ZusammenfassungDie myasthene Krise ist die meist akute, lebensbedrohliche Maximalausprägung einer Myasthenia gravis mit schwerer Dysphagie und Ateminsuffizienz, die eine intensivmedizinische Überwachung und Sicherung der Vitalfunktionen bedarf. Von ihr abzugrenzen ist die Exazerbation einer Myasthenie, die ein Prodrom der Krise darstellen kann. In dieser Übersicht führen wir auf, wie Warnsymptome (red flags) der Exazerbation bzw. der Krise erkannt werden können und verweisen auf Differentialdiagnosen, insbesondere bei Auftreten erstmaliger bulbärer Symptome mit Dysphagie. Wir geben einen Überblick über die stufenweise und strukturierte Vorgehensweise intensivmedizinischer Maßnahmen und Therapie. Feste Säulen der Behandlung sind die symptomatische Therapie mit Acetylcholinesteraseinhibitoren, die akute ursachenbezogene Therapie zur schnellen Eliminierung der Autoantikörper mittels Plasmapherese, Immunadsorption oder polyvalenter Immunglobuline, die frühe Einleitung bzw. Optimierung der Immunsuppression mit Kortikoiden und Azathioprin oder die Eskalation mit monoklonalen Antikörpern wie Rituximab. Besonderheiten des spezialisierten Krisenmanagements auf der neurologischen bzw. neurologisch versierten Intensivstation umfassen ein strukturiertes Weaning, die konsequente Behandlung von Komorbiditäten und deren Komplikationen, von Infektionen, ein strukturiertes Dysphagie-Assessment, sowie die Delirbehandlung.
A Cyclotide Isolated from Noisettia orchidiflora (Violaceae)
Authors: Bobey Antonio , Pinto Meri , Cilli Eduardo , Lopes Norberto , Bolzani Vanderlan 
Published: May 2018

AbstractBiologically active cyclotides have been found on some flowering plants species and are involved in the role of the plant protection. As part of studies focusing on peptides from Brazilian plant species, we are reporting the detection by LC-MS of several cyclotides from leaves and stems of Noisettia orchidiflora (Violaceae). From stems it was possible to isolate and characterize a cyclotide named Nor A. Its primary structure (amino acid sequence) was established by MALDI-TOF-MS, based on the y- and b-type ion series, after reduction and alkylation reactions, as well as enzymatic digestion using the enzymes endoproteinase glutamic acid (endoGlu-C), trypsin, and chymotrypsin. Furthermore, the amino acid analysis was also described.
Electron-Transfer-Induced Intramolecular Heck Carbonylation Reactions Leading to Benzolactones and Benzolactams
Authors: Ryu Ilhyong , Fukuyama Takahide , Bando Takanobu 
Published: May 2018

A metal-catalyst-free intramolecular Heck carbonylation reaction of benzyl alcohols and benzyl amines with carbon monoxide under heating at 250 °C affords the corresponding benzolactones and benzolactams in good to excellent yields. A hybrid radical/ionic chain mechanism, involving electron transfer from radical anions generated by nucleophilic attack of alcohols or amines on intermediate acyl radicals, is proposed.
Predictive Factors of Thoracic Lymph Node Metastasis Accompanying Pulmonary Metastasis from Colorectal Cancer
Authors: Ali Kamran , Cho Sukki , Jang Hyo Jun , Kim Kwhanmien , Jheon Sanghoon 
Published: May 2018

Background The aim of this study was to identify the factors predicting thoracic lymph node (LN) metastases for pulmonary resection from colorectal cancer (CRC).
Methods The records of 160 patients who underwent pulmonary metastasectomy for CRC were retrospectively reviewed. Clinicopathologic factors were analyzed with chi-square test or t-test and logistic regression to identify predictable factors for LN metastases.
Results Sixty patients (37.5%) underwent LN dissection during pulmonary metastasectomy, and LN metastases were found in five patients. Twenty-three patients had LN recurrence among the 100 patients (62.5%) without LN dissection during the follow-up period. Twenty-eight patients out of 160 (17.5%) had LN metastases. By multivariate analysis, the number of pulmonary metastasis and metastasis from colon cancers were independent factors predicting LN metastases.
Conclusion The number of pulmonary metastasis and metastasis from colon cancers were independent factors predicting LN metastases. LN sampling should be performed especially in cases with strong predictive factors to improve staging and help guide further treatment.
Off-Pump Coronary Artery Bypass Graft Versus Drug-Eluting Stent Implantation in Patients with Multivessel Disease Involving the Right Coronary Artery
Authors: Lee Jun Ho , Jeong Dong Seop , Sung Kiick , Kim Wook Sung , Park Pyo Won , Kim Hyuck , Carriere K. C. , Lee Young Tak 
Published: May 2018

Abstract
Background Whether percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) is superior to coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG) for the right coronary territory is unknown. The aim of this study was to compare the outcomes and patency in the right coronary territory after CABG or PCI.
Methods We studied 2,467 multivessel coronary artery disease patients from January 2001 to December 2011; 1,672 were off-pump CABG patients and 795 were PCI. The graft patency and the presence of major adverse cardiac and cerebrovascular events (MACCEs) including death, myocardial infarction, target vessel revascularization, and stroke were analyzed.
Results After propensity score matching, cardiac-related survival was found to be significantly higher in the CABG group than in the PCI group (hazard ratio (HR) for the PCI group: 2.445, p = 0.006). The PCI group showed higher rates of myocardial infarction (HR: 2.571, p = 0.011) and target vessel revascularization (HR: 3.337, p < 0.001). In the right coronary territory, the right internal thoracic artery patency was not different in the PCI group compared with the CABG group (p = 0.248). In CABG group, low right coronary artery graft patency was associated with cardiac-related death (HR: 0.17, p = 0.003) and the occurrence of MACCEs (HR: 0.22, p < 0.001).
Conclusion CABG was superior to PCI in patients with multivessel disease. Low graft patency in the right coronary territory was associated with cardiac-related death and the occurrence of MACCEs.
Vitamine und Gesundheit
Authors: Biesalski Hans Konrad 
Published: May 2018

ZusammenfassungWenn es um gesunde Ernährung und dabei ganz besonders um Vitamine geht, so wird immer wieder darauf hingewiesen: „Wir brauchen keine (zusätzlichen) Vitamine, wir
haben genug Obst und Gemüse!“ Beides ist nicht wirklich richtig! Natürlich brauchen wir Vitamine und wir haben durchaus auch genügend Obst und Gemüse.
Allerdings sind Obst und Gemüse nicht alleine ausreichend, wenn es um die Versorgung mit Vitaminen geht!
Resolution of apparent paradoxes in the race-specific frequency of use-of-force by police
Authors: Ross Cody T. , Winterhalder Bruce , McElreath Richard 
Published: May 2018

AbstractAnalyses of racial disparities in police use-of-force against unarmed individuals are central to public policy interventions; however, recent studies have come to apparently paradoxical findings concerning the existence and form of such disparities. Although anti-black racial disparities in U.S. police shootings have been consistently documented at the population level, new work has suggested that racial disparities in encounter-conditional use of lethal force by police are reversed relative to expectations, with police being more likely to: (1) shoot white relative to black individuals, and (2) use non-lethal as opposed to lethal force on black relative to white individuals. Encounter- and use-of-force-conditional results, however, can be misleading if the rates with which police encounter and use non-lethal force vary across officers and depend on suspect race. We find that all currently described empirical patterns in the structuring of police use-of-force—including the “reversed” racial disparities in encounter-conditional use of lethal force—are explainable under a generative model in which there are consistent and systemic biases against black individuals. If even a small subset of police more frequently encounter and use non-lethal force against black individuals than white individuals, then analyses of pooled encounter-conditional data can fail to correctly detect racial disparities in the use of lethal force. In more technical terms, statistical assessments of racial disparities conditioned on problematic intermediate variables, such as encounters, which might themselves be a causal outcome of racial bias, can produce misleading inferences. Population-level measures of use-of-force by police are more robust indicators of the overall severity of racial disparities than encounter-conditional measures—since the later neglect the differential morbidity and mortality arising from differential encounter rates. As such, population-level measures should be used when evaluating the local-level public health implications of racial disparities in police use-of-force. Research on encounter-conditional use-of-force by police can also fruitfully contribute to public policy discussions, since population-level measures alone cannot address whether racial disparities are driven by disparities in encounters or disparities in use-of-force conditional on encounters. Tests for racial biases in the encounter-conditional use of lethal force, however, must account for individual-level variation across officers in terms of race-specific encounter rates or risk falling to Simpson’s paradox.
The glycerol backbone of phospholipids derives from noncarbohydrate precursors in starved lung cancer cells
Authors: Leithner Katharina , Triebl Alexander , Trötzmüller Martin , Hinteregger Barbara , Leko Petra , Wieser Beatrix I. , Grasmann Gabriele , Bertsch Alexandra L. , Züllig Thomas , Stacher Elvira , Valli Alessandro , Prassl Ruth , Olschewski Andrea , Harris Adrian L. , Köfeler Harald C. , Olschewski Horst , Hrzenjak Andelko 
Published: May 2018

Significance
Phosphoenolpyruvate carboxykinase (PEPCK) has a unique position in cell metabolism by allowing the flexible use of nutrients for anabolic biosynthetic reactions. PEPCK activity has just recently been described in cancer cells. It has been shown to promote cancer cell survival under nutrient deprivation, a typical feature in solid cancers, as well as cancer growth. To decipher the metabolic downstream pathways of PEPCK is critical for a better understanding of cancer cell adaptive responses under low nutrient stress. Here, we show that mitochondrial PEPCK (PEPCK-M) mediates the synthesis of glycerol phosphate from noncarbohydrate precursors, and that PEPCK-M is needed to maintain levels of glycerophospholipids, major constituents of biomembranes, in starved lung cancer cells.
Activated integrins identify functional antigen-specific CD8+T cells within minutes after antigen stimulation
Authors: Dimitrov Stoyan , Gouttefangeas Cécile , Besedovsky Luciana , Jensen Anja T. R. , Chandran P. Anoop , Rusch Elisa , Businger Ramona , Schindler Michael , Lange Tanja , Born Jan , Rammensee Hans-Georg 
Published: May 2018

SignificanceAssessing antigen-specific T cells is crucial for our understanding of immune reactions against pathogens and tumors, and for evaluating immunotherapies in patients. Existing techniques to evaluate the functionality of T lymphocytes all rely on de novo expression of proteins, typically intracellular cytokines, and therefore require elaborated protocols and reagents. We have established a simple flow cytometry-based method to assess the functionality of CD8+T cells by identifying immediate changes in the conformation and valency of cell surface integrins that occur within minutes following antigenic stimulation. Because of its robustness, sensitivity, and broad applicability, the assay can be rapidly implemented for the measurement and isolation of functional T cells for basic research and in the clinical setting.
Face recognition accuracy of forensic examiners, superrecognizers, and face recognition algorithms
Authors: Phillips P. Jonathon , Yates Amy N. , Hu Ying , Hahn Carina A. , Noyes Eilidh , Jackson Kelsey , Cavazos Jacqueline G. , Jeckeln Géraldine , Ranjan Rajeev , Sankaranarayanan Swami , Chen Jun-Cheng , Castillo Carlos D. , Chellappa Rama , White David , O’Toole Alice J. 
Published: May 2018

Significance
This study measures face identification accuracy for an international group of professional forensic facial examiners working under circumstances that apply in real world casework. Examiners and other human face “specialists,” including forensically trained facial reviewers and untrained superrecognizers, were more accurate than the control groups on a challenging test of face identification. Therefore, specialists are the best available human solution to the problem of face identification. We present data comparing state-of-the-art face recognition technology with the best human face identifiers. The best machine performed in the range of the best humans: professional facial examiners. However, optimal face identification was achieved only when humans and machines worked in collaboration.
Mapping an ancient city with a century of remotely sensed data
Authors: Stott David , Kristiansen Søren Munch , Lichtenberger Achim , Raja Rubina 
Published: May 2018

SignificanceUnderstanding how people in the past adapted to environmental and economic challenges can help us anticipate and meet these challenges in the present. However, these very processes threaten the physical remains embodying this information worldwide: Urban expansion and resource exploitation mean that the quantity and quality of archaeological information are diminishing daily. In this work, we demonstrate how multitemporal aerial photography and modern airborne laser scanning are invaluable tools for mapping the remaining archaeological features extant in the present and for adding context to them from what has been lost. This knowledge enables cultural heritage administrators and archaeologists to actively monitor, understand, and manage the existing remains to make sure important information is not lost to posterity.
Exceptionally high levels of lead pollution in the Balkans from the Early Bronze Age to the Industrial Revolution
Authors: Longman Jack , Veres Daniel , Finsinger Walter , Ersek Vasile 
Published: May 2018

SignificanceA detailed record of historical lead (Pb) pollution from a peat bog in Serbia provides a unique view on the extent and timing of Balkan mining and metallurgy. Evidence of the earliest European environmental pollution is followed by large-scale and sustained increases in the amount of anthropogenically derived Pb after 600 BCE, through the Roman/Byzantine periods, and into the medieval period. Occasional evidence of drops in pollution output reflects the disruptive socioeconomic impact of periods of turmoil. Our data show a trend significantly different to records in western Europe, where Pb pollution decreases dramatically after the collapse of the Roman Empire. These results suggest metal-rich southeastern Europe should be considered a more major player in environmental metal pollution through time.
In vitro reconstitution of sortase-catalyzed pilus polymerization reveals structural elements involved in pilin cross-linking
Authors: Chang Chungyu , Amer Brendan R. , Osipiuk Jerzy , McConnell Scott A. , Huang I-Hsiu , Hsieh Van , Fu Janine , Nguyen Hong H. , Muroski John , Flores Erika , Ogorzalek Loo Rachel R. , Loo Joseph A. , Putkey John A. , Joachimiak Andrzej , Das Asis , Clubb Robert T. , Ton-That Hung 
Published: May 2018

Significance
Gram-positive sortase enzymes represent two broad functional categories—those that cross-link proteins to the cell wall and those that can catalyze this reaction and polymerize proteins to build adhesive pilus fibers. Here we report an in vitro reproduction of a robust pilus polymerization reaction using a variant of a corynebacterial pilus-specific sortase in which the catalytic center is unmasked. By molecular modeling, we uncovered a conserved structural element of pilus-specific sortases critical for protein ligation in vitro and further demonstrated that the activated sortase ligates the isolated domains of the pilin harboring the donor and acceptor motifs for ligation. Besides enabling future molecular studies and antibiotic development, our system provides a powerful platform for bioconjugation and protein engineering.