bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A globally convergent direct adaptive pole‐placement controller for nonminimum phase systems with relaxed excitation assumptions
Authors: Pyrkin Anton , Ortega Romeo , Gromov Vladislav , Bobtsov Alexey , Vedyakov Alexey 
Published: August 2019

SummaryIn this paper, we propose the first solution to the long‐standing problem of designing a globally convergent direct adaptive pole‐placement controller for linear, time‐invariant discrete‐time systems with arbitrary zeros that does not rely on persistency of excitation assumptions. As is well known, the main difficulty of this design is that it involves the estimation of parameters that enter nonlinearly in the regression model. This problem can be overcome introducing an overparameterized representation of the system, which imposes very strict persistency of excitation conditions to prove the parameter convergence. The latter is avoided here using a new version of the dynamic regressor extension and mixing parameter estimator recently proposed in the literature. The main feature of this estimator is that it generates, out of an m‐dimensional vector regression, m scalar regression models. This property allows us to estimate only the controller parameters of interest for the adaptive implementation, whose convergence is ensured under assumptions that are strictly weaker than the classical persistency of excitation requirement. Simulation results that illustrate the performance of the proposed scheme are also presented.
Deeply Subwavelength Metasurface Resonators for Terahertz Wavefront Manipulation
Authors: Liu Mingkai , Yang Quanlong , Rifat Ahmmed A. , Raj Vidur , Komar Andrei , Han Jiaguang , Rahmani Mohsen , Hattori Haroldo T. , Neshev Dragomir , Powell David A. , Shadrivov Ilya V. 
Published: August 2019

AbstractMetasurfaces offer a highly flexible platform for controlling the propagation and localization of electromagnetic waves. Due to the relatively large size of commonly used resonators, various undesirable effects including spatial dispersion and spurious diffraction occur, thus limiting the metasurface performance. To overcome these problems, one straightforward approach is to utilize deeply subwavelength metaunits. In contrast to conventional approaches that minimize the resonator size by reshaping the metallic patches, the capacitive gaps are reshaped, an approach which is more robust to material loss, minimizing the problem of overdamping. As an example, a novel design based on interdigital capacitors (meander gap) is introduced with extremely subwavelength gaps for use in the terahertz frequency range. The size of the new resonator can be reduced to below λ/30 in a reflective‐type terahertz metasurface, while maintaining the 2 phase shift required for full wavefront control. Using an advanced electron‐beam lithography technique, a proof‐of‐concept experiment is performed and a 5 mm × 5 mm beam deflector is fabricated, with the capacitive gaps as small as 300 nm (≈λ/1130). The device performance is characterized using angle‐resolved time‐domain spectroscopy. The study provides useful insight for ultracompact metadevices based on deeply subwavelength metaunits working at terahertz frequencies and beyond.
Single Molecule Magnetism with Strong Magnetic Anisotropy and Enhanced Dy∙∙∙Dy Coupling in Three Isomers of Dy‐Oxide Clusterfullerene Dy2O@C82
Authors: Yang Wei , Velkos Georgios , Liu Fupin , Sudarkova Svetlana M. , Wang Yaofeng , Zhuang Jiaxin , Zhang Hanning , Li Xiang , Zhang Xingxing , Büchner Bernd , Avdoshenko Stanislav M. , Popov Alexey A. , Chen Ning 
Published: August 2019

AbstractA new class of single‐molecule magnets (SMMs) based on Dy‐oxide clusterfullerenes is synthesized. Three isomers of Dy2O@C82 with Cs(6), C3v(8), and C2v(9) cage symmetries are characterized by single‐crystal X‐ray diffraction, which shows that the endohedral Dy−(µ2‐O)−Dy cluster has bent shape with very short Dy−O bonds. Dy2O@C82 isomers show SMM behavior with broad magnetic hysteresis, but the temperature and magnetization relaxation depend strongly on the fullerene cage. The short Dy−O distances and the large negative charge of the oxide ion in Dy2O@C82 result in the very strong magnetic anisotropy of Dy ions. Their magnetic moments are aligned along the Dy−O bonds and are antiferromagnetically (AFM) coupled. At low temperatures, relaxation of magnetization in Dy2O@C82 proceeds via the ferromagnetically (FM)‐coupled excited state, giving Arrhenius behavior with the effective barriers equal to the AFM‐FM energy difference. The AFM‐FM energy differences of 5.4–12.9 cm−1 in Dy2O@C82 are considerably larger than in SMMs with {Dy2O2} bridges, and the Dy∙∙∙Dy exchange coupling in Dy2O@C82 is the strongest among all dinuclear Dy SMMs with diamagnetic bridges. Dy‐oxide clusterfullerenes provide a playground for the further tuning of molecular magnetism via variation of the size and shape of the fullerene cage.
Moderne Holzbrücken planen, bauen, erhalten – Teil 1: Bauwerksentwurf
Authors: Simon Antje , Jahreis Markus G. , Koch Johannes , Arndt Ralf W. 
Published: August 2019

AbstractDie effiziente Planung und Errichtung dauerhafter Bauwerke wird durch die Anwendung von Regelwerken, die auf dem aktuellen Stand der Technik basieren, ermöglicht. Im Brückenbau stehen umfangreiche Richtlinien für Stahlbeton‐, Spannbeton‐, Stahl‐ und Stahl‐Beton‐Verbundbrücken zur Verfügung. Für Holzbrücken gilt das nicht. Für die materialgerechte Planung, den Bau, die Unterhaltung und die Prüfung von Holzbrücken fehlen Regelwerke. Um den daraus resultierenden erheblichen Wettbewerbsnachteil für den Holzbrückenbau aufzuheben, wurde an der Fachhochschule Erfurt das Forschungsvorhaben „Protected Timber Bridges (ProTimB)“ initiiert. Ziel des Vorhabens war die Erarbeitung einheitlicher Richtlinien für den Entwurf, die Baudurchführung und die Erhaltung geschützter Holzbrücken in Anlehnung an die für die anderen Baustoffe anerkannten und eingeführten Regelwerke.In zwei Beiträgen werden die wichtigsten Ergebnisse dieses Forschungsvorhabens vorgestellt. Der vorliegende Artikel gibt einen Überblick über die Inhalte des gesamten Projekts und präsentiert die neuen Richtlinien für den Entwurf geschützter Holzbrücken. Im Fokus stehen dabei die neuen Musterzeichnungen und Hinweise zum konstruktiven Holzschutz. Die neuen Richtlinien für den Entwurf geschützter Holzbrücken unterstützen zukünftig die planenden Ingenieure bei der Konstruktion langlebiger Brücken aus Holz und leisten damit einen Beitrag zur Renaissance des Holzbrückenbaus.
Surface Modification of a Supported Pt Catalyst Using Ionic Liquids for Selective Hydrodeoxygenation of Phenols into Arenes under Mild Conditions
Authors: Ohta Hidetoshi , Tobayashi Kanako , Kuroo Akihiro , Nakatsuka Mao , Kobayashi Hirokazu , Fukuoka Atsushi , Hamasaka Go , Uozumi Yasuhiro , Murayama Haruno , Tokunaga Makoto , Hayashi Minoru 
Published: August 2019

AbstractThe selective and efficient removal of oxygenated groups from lignin‐derived phenols is a critical challenge to utilize lignin as a source for renewable aromatic chemicals. This report describes how surface modification of a zeolite‐supported Pt catalyst using ionic liquids (ILs) remarkably increases selectivity for the hydrodeoxygenation (HDO) of phenols into arenes under mild reaction conditions using atmospheric pressure H2. Unmodified Pt/H‐ZSM‐5 converts phenols into aliphatic species as the major products along with a slight amount of arenes (10 % selectivity). In contrast, the catalyst modified with an IL, 1‐butyl‐3‐methylimidazolium triflate, keeps up to 76 % selectivity for arenes even at a nearly complete conversion of phenols. The IL on the surface of Pt catalyst may offer the adsorption of phenols in an edge‐to‐face manner onto the surface, thus accelerating the HDO without the ring hydrogenation.
A Diruthenium Complex of an N‐Pyridyl‐o‐aminophenol Derivative: A Route to Mixed Valency
Authors: Dutta Debarpan , Kundu Suman , Ghosh Prasanta 
Published: August 2019

AbstractAn N‐pyridyl‐o‐aminophenol derivative that stabilises mixed‐valence states of ruthenium ions is disclosed. A diruthenium complex, [(LIQ0)Ru2Cl5]⋅MeOH (1⋅MeOH) is successfully isolated, in which LIQ0 is the o‐iminobenzoquinone form of 2‐[(3‐nitropyridin‐2‐yl)amino]phenol (LAPH2). In 1, LIQ0 oriented towards one ruthenium centre is a non‐innocent NO‐donor redox ligand, whereas another oriented towards another ruthenium centre is an innocent pyridine‐donor redox ligand. Complex 1 is a diruthenium(II,III) mixed‐valence complex, [RuII(LIQ0)(μ‐Cl)2RuIII], with a minor contribution from the diruthenium(III,III) state. [RuIII(LISQ.−)(μ‐Cl)2RuIII] contains LISQ.−, which is the o‐iminobenzosemiquinonate anion radical form of the ligand. Complexes 1− and 1+ are diruthenium(II,II), [RuII(LIQ0)(μ‐Cl)2RuII], and diruthenium(III,III), [RuIII(LIQ0)(μ‐Cl)2RuIII], complexes, respectively, of LIQ0. Complex 12− is a diruthenium(II,II) complex of the o‐iminobenzosemiquinonate anion radical (LISQ.−), [RuII(LISQ.−)(μ‐Cl)2RuII], with a minor contribution from the diruthenium(III,II) form, [RuIII(LAP2−)(μ‐Cl)2RuII]. Complex 12+ is a diruthenium(III,IV) mixed‐valence complex of LIQ0, [RuIII(LIQ0)(μ‐Cl)2RuIV]. Complexes 1 and 12+ exhibit inter‐valence charge‐transfer transitions at λ=1300 and 1370 nm, respectively.
The virtual takeover: The influence of virtual reality on consumption
Authors: Lavoie Raymond , King Corey 
Published: August 2019

AbstractLooking to current trends, this paper explores the influence of Virtual Reality (VR) on consumption. Specifically, we focus on the influence that VR has on consumer spending by suggesting that identities created in VR will influence consumption behaviour in the real world. While other forms of technology allow consumers to create alternative identities, we suggest that the unique aspects of VR, bolstered by forthcoming advances, will make identities created in VR relatively more self‐important and more salient in real world consumption. We also propose implications for marketing research and practice.
Elucidating Compound Mechanism of Action and Predicting Cytotoxicity Using Machine Learning Approaches, Taking Prediction Confidence into Account
Authors: Drakakis Georgios , Cortés‐Ciriano Isidro , Alexander‐Dann Ben , Bender Andreas 
Published: August 2019

AbstractThe modes of action (MoAs) of drugs frequently are unknown, because many are small molecules initially identified from phenotypic screens, giving rise to the need to elucidate their MoAs. In addition, the high attrition rate for candidate drugs in preclinical studies due to intolerable toxicity has motivated the development of computational approaches to predict drug candidate (cyto)toxicity as early as possible in the drug‐discovery process. Here, we provide detailed instructions for capitalizing on bioactivity predictions to elucidate the MoAs of small molecules and infer their underlying phenotypic effects. We illustrate how these predictions can be used to infer the underlying antidepressive effects of marketed drugs. We also provide the necessary functionalities to model cytotoxicity data using single and ensemble machine‐learning algorithms. Finally, we give detailed instructions on how to calculate confidence intervals for individual predictions using the conformal prediction framework. © 2019 by John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
Designing and building application‐centric parallel memories
Authors: Stramondo Giulio , Ciobanu Cătălin Bogdan , de Laat Cees , Varbanescu Ana Lucia 
Published: August 2019

SummaryMemory bandwidth is a critical performance factor for many applications and architectures. Intuitively, a parallel memory could be a good solution for any bandwidth‐limited application, yet building application‐centric custom parallel memories remains a challenge. In this work, we present a comprehensive approach to tackle this challenge and demonstrate how to systematically design and implement application‐centric parallel memories. Specifically, our approach (1) analyzes the application memory access traces to extract parallel accesses, (2) configures our parallel memory for maximum performance, and (3) builds the actual application‐centric memory system. We further provide a simple performance prediction model for the constructed memory system. We evaluate our approach with two sets of experiments. First, we demonstrate how our parallel memories provide performance benefits for a broad range of memory access patterns. Second, we prove the feasibility of our approach and validate our performance model by implementing and benchmarking the designed parallel memories using FPGA hardware and a sparse version of the STREAM benchmark.
Ultimate Charge Extraction of Monolayer PbS Quantum Dot for Observation of Multiple Exciton Generation
Authors: Park So‐Yeon , Han Sehoon , Kim Younghoon , Jung Sohee , Kim Dong Hoe , Han Gill Sang , Jung Hyun Suk 
Published: August 2019

AbstractMultiple exciton generation (MEG) has great potential to improve the Shockley‐Queisser (S‐Q) efficiency limitation for colloidal quantum dot (CQD) solar cells. However, MEG has rarely been observed in CQD solar cells because of the loss of carriers through the transport mechanism between adjacent QDs. Herein, we demonstrate that excess charge carriers produced via MEG can be efficiently extracted using monolayer PbS QDs. The monolayer PbS QDs solar cells exhibit α=1 in the light intensity dependence of the short‐circuit current density Jsc (Jsc∝Iα) and an internal quantum efficiency (IQE) value of 100 % at 2.95 eV because of their very short charge extraction path. In addition, the measured MEG threshold is 2.23 times the bandgap energy (Eg), which is the lowest value in PbS QD solar cells. We believe that this approach can provide a simple method to find suitable CQD materials and design interface engineering for MEG.
Impact of Varying Parameters on the Temperature Gradients in 100 mm Silicon Carbide Bulk Growth in a Computer Simulation Validated by Experimental Results
Authors: Steiner Johannes , Arzig Matthias , Denisov Alexey , Wellmann Peter J. 
Published: August 2019

AbstractThe investigation of the interplay of experimental crystal growth runs and computer simulations of the physical vapor transport (PVT) growth process of silicon carbide (SiC) strongly supports the development of the growth technology toward larger crystalline diameters. To apply computer‐aided designs of the growth process, a material database is developed that enables quantitative calculations of the temperature distribution inside the growth setup. The model utilizing COMSOL Multiphysics is validated by experimental means using five 100 mm SiC crystal growth runs, two measurement runs in a 100 mm PVT setup, and one SiC crystal growth run in a 75 mm PVT setup, varying in power, pressure, coil position, and reactor geometry. Material data are varied and the impact on the thermal gradients is investigated to trace out critical and noncritical parameters for the accuracy of the simulation. The influence of ambient pressure on the isolation's performance is studied experimentally and this correlation is implemented into the model. Beyond the state of the art, this work presents a modeling approach and handling of material properties for a true scale up of the current 100 mm and 150 mm SiC sublimation growth technologies to 200 mm.
Maternal responsivity and oxytocin in opioid‐dependent mothers
Authors: Daigle Katrina M. , Heller Nicole A. , Sulinski Ella J. , Shim Juyoung , Lindblad William , Brown Mark S. , Gosse Julie A. , Hayes Marie J. 
Published: August 2019

AbstractAlthough prenatal opioid exposure and postnatal withdrawal (neonatal abstinence syndrome) are associated with infant neurobehavioral deficits, little is known about the impact of continued maternal opioid treatment in the postnatal period on maternal responsivity and relationship to mother's oxytocin release during dyadic interactions in the Still Face paradigm. Mother and infant dyads (N = 14) were recruited and comprised of mothers on opioid replacement throughout pregnancy and postpartum (opioid‐exposed group, n = 7) and a demographically controlled, non‐exposed group (n = 7). Salivary oxytocin was collected following 10 min of infant separation before and immediately after a 6‐min Still Face paradigm. Oxytocin measures correlated strongly with sensitive and prosocial maternal behaviors in response to infant initiation. Opioid‐exposed compared to non‐exposed mothers had significantly lower pre‐test to post‐test rise in salivary oxytocin concentration level as well as fewer sensitive behaviors during the reunion condition of the Still Face paradigm. Maternal opioid dependence during early infancy may impair maternal responsivity and sensitivity through suppression of the oxytocin reflex to infant stimulation.
Diel patterning in the bacterial community associated with the sea anemone Nematostella vectensis
Authors: Leach Whitney B. , Carrier Tyler J. , Reitzel Adam M. 
Published: August 2019

AbstractMicrobes can play an important role in the physiology of animals by providing essential nutrients, inducing immune pathways, and influencing the specific species that compose the microbiome through competitive or facilitatory interactions. The community of microbes associated with animals can be dynamic depending on the local environment, and factors that influence the composition of the microbiome are essential to our understanding of how microbes may influence the biology of their animal hosts. Regularly repeated changes in the environment, such as diel lighting, can result in two different organismal responses: a direct response to the presence and absence of exogenous light and endogenous rhythms resulting from a molecular circadian clock, both of which can influence the associated microbiota. Here, we report how diel lighting and a potential circadian clock impacts the diversity and relative abundance of bacteria in the model cnidarian Nematostella vectensis using an amplicon‐based sequencing approach. Comparisons of bacterial communities associated with anemones cultured in constant darkness and in light:dark conditions revealed that individuals entrained in the dark had a more diverse microbiota. Overall community composition showed little variation over a 24‐hr period in either treatment; however, abundances of individual bacterial OTUs showed significant cycling in each treatment. A comparative analysis of genes involved in the innate immune system of cnidarians showed differential expression between lighting conditions in N. vectensis, with significant up‐regulation during long‐term darkness for a subset of genes. Together, our studies support a hypothesis that the bacterial community associated with this species is relatively stable under diel light conditions when compared with static conditions and that particular bacterial members may have time‐dependent abundance that coincides with the diel photoperiod in an otherwise stable community.
Concealed by darkness: How stand density can override the biodiversity benefits of mixed forests
Authors: Hedwall P.‐O. , Holmström E. , Lindbladh M. , Felton A. 
Published: August 2019

AbstractHigher tree species richness often increases the diversity of other taxonomic groups and is promoted in many managed forest systems. The reason for the higher diversity is due to, for example, inter‐specific differences in resource filtering of the trees. Resource filtering also depends on the total density of the tree layer, but the interaction between tree species composition and density is, so far, unexplored. Likewise, few studies have addressed whether mixtures of tree species host higher diversity, or support higher productivity, of other taxa than monocultures of the same tree species. We use a gradient in overstory tree species composition, ranging from pure Norway spruce (Picea abies) to pure Birch (Betula sp.), combined with a gradient from open to closed forest, to assess the joint effects of tree species mixture and forest density on the understory vegetation. The cover and species richness of understory vascular plants increased with an increasing proportion of birch and decreased with increasing forest density, while the cover of bryophytes decreased with an increasing proportion of birch and increasing forest density. There were clear interactions between tree species composition and forest density; the decrease in vascular plants with forest density was stronger in forest dominated by spruce than in forests dominated by birch, and the positive effect of an increasing proportion of birch was smaller in dense than in open forests. There were no indications of mixed forests supporting a higher species richness or plant cover than any of the two monocultures. Additionally, few species (10%) showed tendencies toward a higher probability of occurrence in mixed forests, and most of these also occurred in open pure stands. Our results indicate a potential conflict between goals for diversified forests and increased biomass production, as the positive effects for understory vegetation from mixtures may be lost to concomitant increases in forest density. Furthermore, the limited number of species benefiting from mixtures per se indicates that similar biodiversity benefits for understory vegetation may be obtained at landscape levels from the increased use of broadleaf and lower‐density production stands, as from mixtures.
Supercapacitor performances of RuO2/MWCNT, RuO2/Fullerene nanocomposites
Authors: Ates Murat , Kuzgun Ozge , yıldırım Murat , Yoruk Ozan , Bayrak Yuksel 
Published: August 2019

AbstractIn this study, RuO2/Fullerene and RuO2/MWCNT nanocomposites were synthesized to use as an electroactive materials in symmetric supercapacitor device performances. The materials were examined via Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy‐attenuated total reflectance (FTIR‐ATR), thermo‐gravimetric analysis (TGA‐DTA), scanning electron microscopy‐energy dispersive X‐ray analysis (SEM‐EDX), cyclic voltammetry (CV), galvanostatic charge/discharge (GCD) and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS). The RuO2/MWCNT and RuO2/Fullerene nanocomposite electrodes show good electrochemical performances. For instance, the highest specific capacitance of RuO2/Fullerene and RuO2/MWCNT electrodes reaches Csp = 3895.11 and 1662.19 F/g at 1 mV/s within the potential range of 0.8 V in 1 M H2SO4 solution. RuO2/MWCNT and RuO2/Fullerene nanocomposites have good cycle stability ~100% specific capacitance at [RuO2]o/[MWCNT]o = 1:1; 2:1 and [RuO2]o/[Fullerene]o = 2:1, respectively. The different equivalent circuit models of LR1Q(C1R2) and LR1(Q1R2)(Q2R3) were used to interpret EIS data.
Tuning the demodulation frequency based on a normalized trajectory model for mobile underwater acoustic communications
Authors: Ahmad Abdel‐Mehsen , Barbeau Michel , Garcia‐Alfaro Joaquin , Kassem Jamil , Kranakis Evangelos 
Published: August 2019

AbstractWe have developed a demodulator for low data rate, asynchronous frame, and narrow bandwidth underwater acoustic communication. We aim at operation under harsh conditions, ie, low signal‐to‐noise ratio, and across long distances. In this paper, we pay a special attention to the efficiency of mobility support. Mobility results into the Doppler effect, which, for a demodulator, makes the carrier frequency drift arbitrarily during attempts to decode frames. The chances of success are better when the demodulator can tune into the drifted carrier frequency. This can be achieved by trying a range of possible drifted carriers. We introduce the novel idea of normalized trajectory. Each normalized trajectory produces a unique Doppler shift pattern that can be applied to tune into a drifted carrier. We demonstrate that this improvement is theoretically sound. From a practical point of view, the search space is potentially reduced. The actual gain in performance is application‐specific and depends on the actual sets of trajectory parameters that are considered. We introduce the concept of normalized trajectory, discuss its integration into the demodulator, and review the performance of the new design.