bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Crystal structure of peptidoglycan recognition protein SA in Apis mellifera (Hymenoptera: Apidae)
Authors: Liu Yanjie , Zhao Xiaomeng , Naeem Muhammad , An Jiandong 
Published: February 2018

AbstractPeptidoglycan recognition protein SA (PGRP‐SA) is a key pattern recognition receptor in the insect innate immune system. PGRP‐SA can bind to bacterial PGN and activate the Toll pathway, which triggers the expression and release of antimicrobial peptides to prevent bacterial infection. Here, we report the first structure of Apis mellifera PGRP‐SA from Hymenoptera at 1.86 Å resolution. The overall architecture of Am‐PGRP‐SA was similar to the Drosophila PGRP‐SA; however, the residues involved in PGN binding groove were not conserved, and the binding pocket was narrower. This structure gives insight into PGN binding characteristics in honeybees.
Detection of the iron complexes with hydrolysis products of cephalexin and cefradine upon high‐performance liquid chromatography/electrospray ionization mass spectrometry analysis
Authors: Dudkowska Joanna , Frańska Magdalena , Frański Rafał 
Published: February 2018

RationaleCephalosporins (e.g. cephalexin, cefradine) are a major group of widely used β‐lactam antibiotics. Hydrolysis of the β‐lactam ring is an important reaction (often undesired) which leads to deactivation of β‐lactams. To the best of our knowledge there is no electrospray ionization mass spectrometry (ESI‐MS) data reported concerning the products of hydrolysis of cephalosporins.MethodsThe hydrolysis of cephalexin and cefradine was performed in aqueous NaOH solutions. After the process the solutions were analyzed by high‐performance liquid chromatography (HPLC)/ESI‐MS. The elemental compositions of the ions discussed were confirmed by the accurate mass measurements on a quadrupole time‐of‐flight (QTOF) mass spectrometer.ResultsUnexpectedly, complexes between the hydrolysis products of cephalexin and cefradine (CFLh and CFRh) and iron cation were detected upon HPLC/ESI‐MS analysis, namely the ions [(CFLh‐H)2+Fe]+ and [(CFRh‐H)2+Fe]+, although iron was not added to the analyzed solutions or to the mobile phase. These ions were found to be very stable in the gas phase.ConclusionsThe detection of the complexes between the hydrolysis products of cephalosporins and iron may have a positive impact on the sensitivity and specificity of HPLC/ESI‐MS analyses of the hydrolysis products of some cephalosporins.
Potassium bromate disrupts mitochondrial distribution within murine oocytes during in vitro maturation
Authors: Yamada Kenichi , Hiradate Yuuki , Goto Mei , Nishiyama Chiho , Hara Kenshiro , Yoshida Hiroaki , Tanemura Kentaro 
Published: February 2018

AbstractPurposeAs disturbed mitochondrial distribution is thought to be a cause of the aging of oocytes, it was investigated whether oxidizing agents exert harmful effects on nuclear maturation and mitochondrial cluster formation in murine oocytes and whether antioxidants could rescue such harmful effects in vitro.MethodsOocytes were obtained from female Institute of Cancer Research mice 48 h after an intraperitoneal injection of 7.5 IU pregnant mare serum gonadotropin. The oocytes were cultured with potassium bromate, an oxidizing agent, in the presence or absence of the antioxidant, resveratrol. After 12 h, the nuclear phases and mitochondrial distribution were observed.ResultsSignificantly decreased rates of metaphase II (MII) oocytes were observed with 750 μM and 1000 μM of potassium bromate, while a significant increase in abnormal mitochondrial clusters was induced at 500 μM, 750 μM, and 1,000 μM. The addition of 10 μM or 20 μM resveratrol improved both MII maturity and the cluster formation rates in the presence of potassium bromate.ConclusionsThe addition of potassium bromate reduced MII maturity rates and induced abnormal mitochondrial cluster formation. This effect was alleviated by the antioxidant, resveratrol. The in vitro model used herein is useful for investigating the functions of antioxidants in the aging of oocytes.
The TLR4-PAR1 Axis Regulates Bone Marrow Mesenchymal Stromal Cell Survival and Therapeutic Capacity in Experimental Bacterial Pneumonia
Authors: Gupta Naveen , Sinha Ranjeet , Krasnodembskaya Anna , Xu Xiao , Nizet Victor , Matthay Michael A. , Griffin John H. 
Published: February 2018

AbstractBone marrow derived mesenchymal stromal cells have been shown to have significant therapeutic effects in experimental models of pneumonia and lung injury. The current study examined the roles of the toll like receptor 4 (TLR4) and protease activated receptor 1 (PAR1) pathways on mesenchymal stromal cell (MSC) survival and therapeutic activity in a murine model of pneumonia. MSCs from TLR4 -/- and R41Q-PAR1 mutated mice were isolated to test the effect of mutating these specific pathways on MSC survival when exposed to cytotoxic stimuli in vitro. An Escherichia coli pneumonia model was used to assess the effect of these specific pathways on MSC therapeutic activity in vivo. Our results showed that mutation of either the TLR4 or PAR1 pathways in MSCs impaired cell survival under conditions of inflammatory stress in vitro, and eliminated their therapeutic efficacy in vivo. Also, stimulation of the TLR4 pathway on MSCs led to secretion of low levels of prothrombin by MSCs, while disrupting the TLR4 pathway impaired canonical signaling through PAR1 in response to thrombin. Therefore, this study demonstrates that both TLR4 and PAR1 are required for MSC survival under inflammatory conditions in vitro and therapeutic capacity in vivo, and that the TLR4 pathway regulates signaling through PAR1 on MSCs.
Identifying and Addressing Genetic Counseling Challenges among Indigenous People of Oaxaca—One Center's Experience with Two Immigrant Farmworker Families in the Central Valley of California
Authors: Shen Joseph J. , Carmichael Jason , Vásquez Santos Leoncio 
Published: February 2018

AbstractAn important aspect of genetic counseling is the recognition of and adaptation to the socio‐cultural uniqueness of the different populations that a genetics clinic serves. The Central Valley of California is home to a large population from Mexico, with a significant proportion of indigenous ancestry originating from the state of Oaxaca. We report on our experience with two families of this community—one extended family with an early lethal inborn error of metabolism and the other with a chronic disfiguring form of ichthyosis. We identified multiple important factors that needed to be considered, including the matching of language dialects, adaptation to different social interaction conventions, acknowledgement of traditional medicine beliefs, and effective transmission of genetic terms and concepts, all of which should be incorporated into the interactions with these families when aiming to provide comprehensive genetic counseling.
Real-time cellular and molecular dynamics of bi-metallic self-therapeutic nanoparticle in cancer cells
Authors: Vishwakarma Sandeep Kumar , Bardia Avinash , Lakkireddy Chandrakala , Paspala Syed Ameer Basha , Habeeb Md. Aejaz , Khan Aleem Ahmed 
Published: February 2018

Abstract
Since last decades various kinds of nanoparticles have been functionalized to improve their biomedical applications. However, the biological effect of un-modified/non-functionalized bi-metallic magnetic nanoparticles remains under investigated. Herein we demonstrate a multifaceted non-functionalized bi-metallic inorganic Gd-SPIO nanoparticle which passes dual high MRI contrast and can kill the cancer cells through several mechanisms. The results of the present study demonstrate that Gd-SPIO nanoparticles have potential to induce cancer cell death by production of reactive oxygen species and apoptotic events. Furthermore, Gd-SPIO nanoparticles also enhance the expression levels of miRNA-199a and miRNA-181a-7p which results in decreased levels of cancer markers such as C-met, TGF-β and hURP. One very interesting finding of this study reveals side scatter-based real-time analysis of nanoparticle uptake in cancer cells using flow cytometry analysis. In conclusion, this study paves a way for future investigation of un-modified inorganic nanoparticles to purport enhanced therapeutic effect in combination with potential anti-tumor drugs/molecules in cancer cells.
Effect of cadmium incorporation on the properties of zinc oxide thin films
Authors: Bharath S. P. , Bangera Kasturi V. , Shivakumar G. K. 
Published: February 2018

Abstract
Cd
x
Zn1−x
O (0 ≤ x ≤ 0.20) thin films are deposited on soda lime glass substrates using spray pyrolysis technique. To check the thermal stability, Cd
x
Zn1−x
O thin films are subjected to annealing. Both the as-deposited and annealed Cd
x
Zn1−x
O thin films are characterized using X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscope (SEM) and energy-dispersive X-ray analysis (EDAX) to check the structural, surface morphological and compositional properties, respectively. XRD analysis reveals that the both as-deposited and annealed Cd
x
Zn1−x
O thin films are (002) oriented with wurtzite structure. SEM studies confirm that as-deposited, as well as annealed Cd
x
Zn1−x
O thin films are free from pinholes and cracks. Compositional analysis shows the deficiency in Cd content after annealing. Optical properties evaluated from UV–Vis spectroscopy shows red shift in the band gap for Cd
x
Zn1−x
O thin films. Electrical property measured using two probe method shows a decrease in the resistance after Cd incorporation. The results indicate that cadmium can be successfully incorporated in zinc oxide thin films to achieve structural changes in the properties of films.
Specially designed B4C/SnO2 nanocomposite for photocatalysis: traditional ceramic with unique properties
Authors: Singh Paviter , Kaur Gurpreet , Singh Kulwinder , Singh Bikramjeet , Kaur Manpreet , Kaur Manjot , Krishnan Unni , Kumar Manjeet , Bala Rajni , Kumar Akshay 
Published: February 2018

Abstract
Boron carbide: A traditional ceramic material shows unique properties when explored in nano-range. Specially designed boron-based nanocomposite has been synthesized by reflux method. The addition of SnO2 in base matrix increases the defect states in boron carbide and shows unique catalytic properties. The calculated texture coefficient and Nelson–Riley factor show that the synthesized nanocomposite has large number of defect states. Also this composite is explored for the first time for catalysis degradation of industrial used dyes. The degradation analysis of industrial pollutants such as Novacron red Huntsman (NRH) and methylene blue (MB) dye reveals that the composite is an efficient catalyst. Degradation study shows that 1 g/L catalyst concentration of B4C/SnO2 degrades NRH and MB dye up to approximately 97.38 and 79.41%, respectively, in 20 min under sunlight irradiation. This water-insoluble catalyst can be recovered and reused.
The role of identity and psychosomatic symptoms as mediating the relationship between discrimination and risk behaviors among first and second generation immigrant adolescents
Authors: Walsh Sophie D. , Kolobov Tanya , Raiz Yair , Boniel‐Nissim Meyran , Tesler Riki , Harel‐Fisch Yossi 
Published: February 2018

ABSTRACTThe study examines psychosomatic symptoms, and host and heritage identities as mediators of the relationship between discrimination and aggressive behavior and substance use. Israeli data from the 2013‐14 Health Behaviors of School‐aged Children study included a representative sample of 1503 first‐ and second‐generation immigrant adolescents aged 11–17 years (45.2% male) from the Former Soviet Union and Ethiopia in Israel. Structural equation modeling, controlling for age, gender, family affluence and immigrant generation, showed different pathways for the two groups. For FSU‐heritage adolescents, the relationship between discrimination and aggressive behavior and substance use was partially mediated by psychosomatic symptoms. Lower host and heritage identities also predicted psychosomatic symptoms. For Ethiopian‐heritage adolescents, the relationship between discrimination and outcomes was fully mediated by psychosomatic symptoms and a weaker host identity. Results support an externalizing model, whereby discrimination leads to a weaker host identity and increased psychosomatic symptoms, associated with substance use and aggressive behavior.
What Can the Brand Manager Expect from Facebook?
Authors: Sitta Desislava , Faulkner Margaret , Stern Philip 
Published: February 2018

Managers cannot afford to ignore social media and have stepped up their involvement in the belief that social media activities extend the brand's reach and engagement with consumers. Facebook is the preeminent social medium with an ever increasing branded content. One hundred brands selected from the Interbrand “Best Global Brand Report” form the basis of this study to test research propositions about the ability of branded Facebook pages to expand and engage users. Data captured from branded Facebook pages was supplemented with socialbaker's data. No correlation is found between the size of a brand and the number of Facebook fans, and there is no consistent relationship with user engagement and brand size. The authors discuss broadening reach, improving engagement, interaction and activity and the implications for social media strategies and make recommendations for managing Facebook presence. Paid advertising is required to increase brand reach to all potential category users.
Affectively salient signal to random noise might be used to identify psychosis vulnerability in severe mental disorders
Authors: Catalan Ana , Gonzalez de Artaza Maider , Fernández-Rivas Arantza , Angosto Virxinia , Aguirregomoscorta Fernando , Bustamante Sonia , Díaz Aida , Zamalloa Iker , Olazabal Nora , Bilbao Amaia , Maruottolo Claudio , Angel Gonzalez-Torres Miguel 
Published: February 2018

AbstractBackgroundSubclinical psychotic symptoms are present in the general population. Furthermore, they are quite common in diagnostic categories beyond psychosis, such as BPD patients.MethodsWe want to assess the differences between 3 groups: BPD (n = 68), FEP (n = 83) and controls (n = 203) in an experimental paradigm measuring the presence of speech illusions in white noise. The Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale was administered in the patient group, the Structured Interview for Schizotypy-Revised, and the Community Assessment of Psychic Experiences in the control and BPD group. The white noise task was also analysed within a signal detection theory (SDT) framework. Logistic regression analyses and the general linear models were used to analyse the adjusted differences between groups.ResultsDifferences were more prevalent in signals that were perceived as affectively salient in patients groups (9.6% in FEP vs 5.9% in BPD and 1% in controls; OR: 10.7; 95%CI: 2.2–51.6, p = 0.003 in FEP; OR: 6.3; 95%CI: 1.1–35.0, p = 0.036 in BPD). Besides, we found a worse general performance and more false alarms in the task for FEP group using SDT framework.ConclusionsExperimental paradigms indexing the tendency to detect affectively salient signals in noise may be used to identify liability to psychosis in people with vulnerability. Its predictable value in other diagnostic categories and general population requires further research.
Age adjusted hematopoietic stem cell transplant comorbidity index predicts survival in a T-cell depleted cohort ☆
Authors: Saeed Hayder , Yalamanchi Swati , Liu Meng , Meter Emily Van , Gul Zartash , Monohan Gregory , Howard Dianna , Hildebrandt Gerhard C. , Herzig Roger 
Published: February 2018

Objectives:
Allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplant (HCT) continues to evolve with the treatment in higher risk patient population. This practice mandates stringent update and validation of risk stratification prior to undergoing such a complex and potentially fatal procedure. We examined the adoption of the new comorbidity index (HCT-CI/Age) proposed by the Seattle group after the addition of age variable and compared it to the pre-transplant assessment of mortality (PAM) that already incorporates age as part of its evaluation criteria.

Methods:
A retrospective analysis of adult patients who underwent HCT at our institution from January 2010 through August 2014 was performed. Kaplan-Meier’s curve, log-rank tests, Cox model and Pearson correlation was used in the analysis.

Results:
Of the 114 patients that underwent allogeneic transplant in our institution, 75.4% were ≥40 years old. More than 58% had a DLCO ≤80%. Although scores were positively correlated (correlation coefficient 0.43, p < 0.001), HCT-CI/Age more accurately predicted 2-year overall survival (OS) and non-relapse mortality (NRM) in patients with lower (0–4) and higher (5–7) scores (52% and 36% versus 24% and 76%, p = 0.004, 0.003 respectively). PAM score did not reach statistical significance for difference in OS nor NRM between the low (<24) and high-risk (≥24) groups (p = 0.19 for both).

Conclusions:
Despite our small sample population, HCT-CI/Age was more discriminative to identify patients with poor outcome that might benefit from intensified management strategies or other therapeutic approaches rather than allogeneic HCT.
Pseudomyxoma peritonei originating from appendix tumors
Authors: Marques Tatiana Maria Fernandes Moreira , Barbosa Laura Elisabete Ribeiro 
Published: February 2018

Abstract
Background Appendix tumors represent about 1% of all gastrointestinal neoplasia, in other words they are quite rare. However, there is a specific type of appendiceal neoplasms (mucinous adenocarcinoma) that spreads to the peritoneum and in almost 20% of the cases, resulting in a disease called pseudomyxoma peritonei. Although, it is a very rare condition, it is nonetheless a very severe one and therefore it is crucial to know how to correctly diagnose and treat it.
Objective This study provides updated data on how to diagnose, classify and treat pseudomyxoma peritonei that originates from appendix tumors.
Methods A bibliographic research was performed on PubMed database, including articles published since 2000, as well as, cross-referencing with the initial research.
Discussion In the past, patients diagnosed with pseudomyxoma peritonei would only undergo palliative measures, so their overall survival rate was greatly reduced. Over the years pseudomyxoma peritonei treatment has evolved and patients are now undergoing treatment which is a combination of cytoreductive surgery and hyperthermic intraperitoneal chemotherapy. This new therapy has allowed an increase of survival chances of up to 5 years in those patients with values between 53% and 88%, depending on the type of tumor.
Conclusion Despite the great progress we have witnessed in recent years, which have led to a large increase in survival rates, more research needs to be done, on what to do when the disease is in an unresectable stage. Finding a less aggressive therapy than cytoreductive surgery + hyperthermic intraperitoneal chemotherapy will be an important step forward.
Intestinal preparations for colonoscopy. Comparative study: mannitol, picosulphate and macrogol
Authors: Quaresma Abel Botelho , Briancini Gicele , Chiesa Talita , Monteiro Sergio de Oliveira , Mergener Rafael André 
Published: February 2018

AbstractBowel preparation is mandatory prior to elective colonoscopy and their effectiveness is closely related to the quality of the examination. There are many preparations on the market and there is no consensus on which is best. This study aimed to compare three solutions for colon preparation in patients undergoing colonoscopy. We conducted a prospective study with 61 patients divided randomly into three groups: one that received a standard dose of macrogol, another received a standard dose of 10% mannitol and another received a standard dose of sodium picosulphate. Patients and examining endoscopists responded to questionnaires for compiling data. In the results we noticed that 10% mannitol, despite being less tolerated by the patient when compared to sodium picosulphate, presents better results in colonic cleaning, being therefore superior in this regard. Macrogol was considered as an intermediate in relation to the other two preparations. As for tolerability, preference is given to sodium picosulphate as best tolerated, followed by mannitol and by macrogol, which is poorly tolerated by the patient. We conclude that as the main objective of bowel preparation in colonoscopy is the quality of colonic cleaning, 10% mannitol was superior to the other preparations studied.
Interrelation between functional constipation and domestic violence
Authors: Coronel Ana Lucia Couto , Silva Helena Terezinha Hubert 
Published: February 2018

AbstractIntroduction Functional disorders of the digestive system are often related to various forms of abuse and the integral approach of the problem requires a multidisciplinary network. The objectives of this research were: to evaluate the prevalence of domestic violence in adults with functional constipation and to identify the services and standards available to care for the victims.Methodology The study was developed in two complementary parts. Part I: A cross-sectional study, which evaluated the prevalence of domestic violence in patients attended in the coloproctology outpatient clinic of the Hospital Materno-infantil Presidente Vargas, from September to December 2016. Part II: A narrative review, with bibliographical and documentary research that sought to identify the services and norms available in Brazil to assist victims of domestic violence.Results 146 women were evaluated, 42 of whom had FC and, of these, 26 had a history of domestic violence (p = 0.007), with an Odds Ratio of 2.71 (CI95% O: 1.29–5.67). A network of services has been identified to assist victims of violence, the Network of Attention to Violence, formed by the health services, social assistance, public security, justice, human rights, and organized civil society. However, a standard system for the operation of this network has not been identified.Conclusion The prevalence of domestic violence in women with functional constipation is high and a careful investigation of this possible interrelationship in clinical practice is suggested. Besides that, it is necessary to promote an integration of the Network of Attention to Violence, in order to offer integral care to the victims and a best utilization of the resources.