bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Influence of dental caries on oral health‐related quality of life, school absenteeism and school performance among Nepalese schoolchildren
Authors: Karki Saujanya , Päkkilä Jari , Laitala Marja‐Liisa , Humagain Manoj , Anttonen Vuokko 
Published: July 2019

AbstractObjectivesTo evaluate the impact of untreated dental caries and its consequences on oral health‐related quality of life (OHRQoL), school absenteeism and school performance in Nepal.MethodsThis is a population‐based, national cross‐sectional study. This study was conducted among three WHO index age groups (5‐6, 12‐ and 15‐year‐olds) of schoolchildren from 18/75 randomly selected districts of Nepal. Clinical findings on untreated dental caries lesions (decay in primary and permanent dentition, dt/DT) and its consequences (pufa/PUFA) were recorded, and the participants were graded into four categories based on the severity of untreated dental caries (GUDC). The Nepali version of Child‐Oral Impacts on Daily Performances (C‐OIDP) was used to assess the information on OHRQoL. Similarly, school‐related information (school absenteeism and school performance) was collected from the school registry. Generalized linear mixed models with random effects were used to evaluate the association between dental caries and OHRQoL, school absenteeism and school performance.ResultsAmong the study sample, the mean (SD) C‐OIDP score was 2.4 (5.0). It was observed that the 15‐year‐olds, those belonging to the Newari ethnic group, and children with high GUDC grades had poor OHRQoL. After adjusting for confounding factors, high dt + DT or pufa + PUFA was associated with higher impact on OHRQoL. Similarly, lower grades of GUDC (Grade 1 and Grade 2) also had less impact on OHRQoL than the most severe Grade 4. High dt + DT or pufa + PUFA were associated with maximum school absenteeism. Furthermore, high C‐OIDP and a grade of GUDC ≥2 score were associated with poor school performance.ConclusionUntreated dental caries and its consequences have a considerable impact on OHRQoL. These conditions may contribute to high school absenteeism and poor school performance.
Whole exome sequencing of men with multiple morphological abnormalities of the sperm flagella reveals novel homozygous QRICH2 mutations
Authors: Kherraf Zine‐Eddine , Cazin Caroline , Coutton Charles , Amiri‐Yekta Amir , Martinez Guillaume , Boguenet Magalie , Fourati Ben Mustapha Selima , Kharouf Mahmoud , Gourabi Hamid , Hosseini Seyedeh Hanieh , Daneshipour Abbas , Touré Aminata , Thierry‐Mieg Nicolas , Zouari Raoudha , Arnoult Christophe , Ray Pierre F. 
Published: July 2019

AbstractMultiple morphological anomalies of the sperm flagella (MMAF syndrome) is a severe male infertility phenotype which has so far been formally linked to the presence of biallelic mutations in nine genes mainly coding for axonemal proteins overexpressed in the sperm flagellum. Homozygous mutations in QRICH2, a gene coding for a protein known to be required for stabilizing proteins involved in sperm flagellum biogenesis, have recently been identified in MMAF patients from two Chinese consanguineous families. Here, in order to better assess the contribution of QRICH2 in the etiology of the MMAF phenotype, we analyzed all QRICH2 variants from whole exome sequencing data of a cohort of 167 MMAF‐affected subjects originating from North Africa, Iran, and Europe. We identified a total of 14 potentially deleterious variants in 18 unrelated individuals. Two unrelated subjects, representing 1% of the cohort, carried a homozygous loss‐of‐function variant: c.3501C>G [p.Tyr1167Ter] and c.4614C>G [p.Tyr1538Ter], thus confirming the implication of QRICH2 in the MMAF phenotype and human male infertility. Sixteen MMAF patients (9.6%) carried a heterozygous QRICH2 potentially deleterious variant. This rate was comparable to what was observed in a control group (15.5%) suggesting that the presence of QRICH2 heterozygous variants is not associated with MMAF syndrome.
Perceptions of barriers to effective obesity management in Canada: Results from the ACTION study
Authors: Sharma Arya M. , Bélanger André , Carson Veronica , Krah Jodi , Langlois Marie‐France , Lawlor Diana , Lepage Suzanne , Liu Aiden , Macklin David A. , MacKay Noel , Pakseresht Arash , Pedersen Sue D. , Ramos Salas Ximena , Vallis Michael 
Published: July 2019

SummaryObesity is a chronic disease with a significant and growing impact on Canadians. The “Awareness, Care and Treatment In Obesity MaNagement” (ACTION) Study investigated perceptions, attitudes and perceived barriers to obesity management among Canadian people with obesity (PwO), healthcare providers (HCPs) and employers. In this study adult PwO (body mass index ≥30 kg/m2, based on self‐reported height/weight), HCPs (physicians and allied HCPs managing PwO) and employers (≥20 employees; offering health insurance), completed online surveys between 3 August and 11 October 2017 in a cross‐sectional design. Survey respondents (N = 2545) included 2000 PwO, 395 HCPs and 150 employers. Obesity was viewed as a “chronic medical condition” by most PwO (60%), HCPs (94%) and employers (71%) and deemed to have a large impact on overall health (74%, 78%, 81%, respectively). Many PwO (74%) believed weight management was their own responsibility. While PwO (55%) reportedly knew how to manage their weight, only 10% reported maintaining ≥10% weight reduction for >1 year. Despite low success rates, the most commonly reported effective long‐term weight loss methods tried and/or recommended were “improvements in eating habits” (PwO 38%; HCP 63%) and “being more active” (PwO 39%; HCP 54%). PwO and HCPs reported very different perceptions of the quality and content of their interaction during obesity management discussions. These findings highlight the communication gaps and misunderstanding between PwO, HCPs and employers. This underscores the importance of, and need for, evidence‐based management of obesity and a collaborative approach and understanding of the complex nature of this chronic disease.
A response to the proposed ELCA inter‐religious policy statement
Authors: Papenfuss Hannah 
Published: July 2019

AbstractIn this solicited essay, an undergraduate Interfaith Scholar and Interfaith Studies minor at Concordia College responds to the ELCA proposed interreligious policy statement. In this essay, I will contend that the policy statement beautifully articulates our Lutheran commitment to accompany our neighbors by envisioning a world in which God celebrates all forms of diversity. Moreover, by framing our vocation in the context of relational theology, the document lays the groundwork for mutual understanding that prioritizes service to the neighbor over proselytization.
Teacher professional standards to support teacher quality and learning in Estonia
Authors: Pedaste Margus , Leijen Äli , Poom‐Valickis Katrin , Eisenschmidt Eve 
Published: July 2019

AbstractIn the modern world, teachers are expected to be ‘learning professionals’ who constantly expand their knowledge and skills and share both practical and theoretical insights in a community of colleagues. Teacher professional competence‐based standards could be an instrument to support teachers' professional learning if they are integrated with broader assessment and evaluation frameworks and if their evaluation, professional development and career advancement are in line with the standards. In Estonia, teacher professional standards were first developed in 2005. Currently, they support initial teacher education, the evaluation of teacher competences and the design of continuous professional learning. They also allow teachers to progress to the senior teacher and master teacher qualification level. According to our findings, the standards are successfully used to design pre‐service education and award certificates at the end of the studies. However, they do not support building the teachers' career ladder and only in some schools do they support planning of professional learning. In this article, we give an overview of the changes in the professional standards of teachers in Estonia and analyse why they have not found the desired degree of use in teachers' career advancement and professional development in the school context and why they have not had a significant effect on teacher status in society.
Severe cryptococcal granulomas of the nasopharynx in a horse treated with standing endoscopic laser surgery and oral fluconazole
Authors: Daniel A. J. , Thachil A. , Savory‐Davis M. 
Published: July 2019

SummaryAn Arabian mare was referred due to a 4‐month history of bilateral mucopurulent nasal discharge, which was unresponsive to multiple courses of antimicrobials and intravenous sodium iodide. Digital radiographs revealed multiple variably sized nodular opacities within the nasopharynx. Upper airway endoscopy showed multiple, ulcerated granulomatous masses originating from the walls of the nasopharynx. Repeat culture of the exudate and from endoscopic biopsies grew only a mixed bacterial population. Standing endoscopic guided laser excision of two granulomas was performed and histopathology and culture from the center of a surgically excised granuloma identified Cryptococcus terrestris. Treatment with fluconazole (14 mg/kg bwt per os once then 5 mg/kg bwt per os q. 12 h) was administered for a total of 11 weeks. Follow‐up endoscopic examination was used to guide therapy duration, and the horse has since returned to competition and remained free of infection for >1.5 years. Establishing a diagnosis of cryptococcal infection was difficult in this horse despite multiple culture attempts. This is the first report of Cryptococcus terrestris infection in a horse and treatment with oral fluconazole after surgical de‐bulking was successful.
Retrograde intussusception of the descending colon secondary to multiple colonic hamartomas in a neonatal foal
Authors: Mejia S. , Hurcombe S. D. A. , Rodgerson D.H. , Cassone L. M. , Slovis N. M. 
Published: July 2019

SummaryA neonatal Thoroughbred filly presented with a 3‐h history of abdominal pain and distention that failed to respond to medical treatment. Diagnostic evaluation, including abdominal ultrasound, barium enema and proctoscopy, was suggestive of atresia coli. Exploratory laparotomy revealed a pedunculated mass in the wall of the diaphragmatic flexure of the ascending colon. The mass, subsequently diagnosed as a hamartoma, was attached to a smaller hamartoma by a fibrous pedicle originating from the descending colon. The descending colon had intussuscepted retrograde into the ascending colon along the fibrous band. The filly was euthanised due to poor prognosis.
Management of bleeding and invasive procedures in haemophilia A patients with inhibitor treated with emicizumab (Hemlibra®): Proposals from the French network on inherited bleeding disorders (MHEMO), the French Reference Centre on Haemophilia, in collaboration with the French Working Group on Perioperative Haemostasis (GIHP)
Authors: Susen Sophie , Gruel Yves , Godier Anne , Harroche Annie , Chambost Herve , Lasne Dominique , Rauch Antoine , Roullet Stephanie , Fontana Pierre , Goudemand Jenny , de Maistre Emmanuel , Chamouard Valerie , Wibaut Bénédicte , Albaladejo Pierre , Négrier Claude 
Published: July 2019

AbstractIntroductionEmicizumab (Hemlibra®) recently became available and requires an adaptation for managing bleeding, suspected bleeding and emergency or scheduled invasive procedures in haemophilia A patients with inhibitor. This implicates a multidisciplinary approach and redaction of recommendations for care that must be regularly adapted to the available data.AimThe following text aims to provide a guide for the management of people with haemophilia A with inhibitor treated with emicizumab in case of bleeding or invasives procedures.MethodsThe French network on inherited bleeding disorders (MHEMO), the French Reference Centre on Haemophilia (CRH), in collaboration with the French Working Group on Perioperative Haemostasis (GIHP) have been working together to make proposals for the management of these situations.ResultsHaemostatic treatment and other medications should be given stepwise, according to the severity and location of the bleeding or the risk of bleeding of the procedure as well as the haemostatic response obtained at each step in order to ensure an optimal benefit/risk ratio.ConclusionThe lack of data means that it is only possible to issue proposals rather than recommendations.
A lucid review of Helicobacter pylori‐induced DNA damage in gastric cancer
Authors: Fu Li , Xie Chuan 
Published: July 2019

AbstractHelicobacter pylori (H pylori) is the main risk factor for gastric cancer (GC). In recent years, many studies have addressed the effects of H pylori itself and of H pylori‐induced chronic inflammation on DNA damage. Unrepaired or inappropriately repaired DNA damage is one possible carcinogenic mechanism. We may conclude that H pylori‐induced DNA damage is one of the carcinogenic mechanisms of GC. In this review, we summarize the interactions between H pylori and DNA damage and the effects of H pylori‐induced DNA damage on GC. Then, focusing on oxidative stress, we introduce the application of antioxidants in GC. At the end of this review, we discuss the outlook for further research on H pylori‐induced DNA damage.
Direct coagulation casting of silicon carbide suspension via polyelectrolyte dispersant crosslink reaction
Authors: Gan Ke , Gai Yanjiao , Wang Yali , Cui Jie , Lu Yuju , Zhang Xiaoyan , Liu Jingjing , Xu Jie , Yang Jinlong 
Published: July 2019

AbstractA direct coagulation casting method for silicon carbide ceramic suspension using dispersant crosslink reaction is reported. Polymer electrolyte (polyethyleneimine, PEI) was used as dispersant to prepare silicon carbide suspension. Common food additives (carboxymethyl cellulose, CMC) were used to coagulate the electrosteric stabilized silicon carbide suspension. There was a well disperse silicon carbide suspension with 0.2 wt% PEI at pH = 5‐6. Influence of coagulant on viscosity and zeta potential of the silicon carbide suspension was investigated. It indicates that the high solid loading silicon carbide suspension can be destabilized and coagulated at elevated temperature. It can be attribute to the gradual decrease of electrosteric force due to the crosslink reaction between PEI and CMC. Silicon carbide wet green body with compressive strength of 1.99 MPa could be demolded at 70°C which is higher than that prepared by traditional DCC and dispersant reaction method for nonoxide ceramics. Dense silicon carbide ceramics with relative density above 98.8% and 99.3% had been prepared by liquid phase pressureless and hot pressed sintering, respectively.
Effect of Si4+ substitution on mechanical and thermal expansion properties of Ca0.5Sr0.5Zr4P6O24 ceramics
Authors: Wang Yang , Zhou Yuanyuan , Han Zhuoqun , Liu Futian 
Published: July 2019

AbstractThe Ca(1+x)/2Sr(1+x)/2Zr4P6‐2xSi2xO24 (CSZP6‐2xS2x, 0 ≤ x ≤ 0.3) ceramics were prepared using powders synthesized by co‐precipitation method, and the effects of Si4+ substitution on the structure, mechanical, and thermal expansion properties were investigated. The optimum sintering time was 4 hours, which greatly shortened the sintering process. By controlling the appropriate composition and sintering temperature, a single phase with the typical NaZr2P3O12 structure was obtained. As a function of x increasing, the parameter a increased and then decreased, while the parameter c and unit cell volume both increased. The mechanical property of CSZP6‐2xS2x ceramics was affected with increasing amount of Si4+ content. The Si4+ substitution could increase the thermal expansion anisotropy and lead to the generation of microcracks, which are responsible for the increase in the amount of hysteresis between heating and cooling curves. The thermal expansion decreased progressively from 1.8 to 0.8 × 10−6/°C. The investigations indicate that the CSZP6‐2xS2x ceramics are potential materials in high temperature applications
Comparing the Same Task in ESL vs. EFL Learning Contexts: An Activity Theory Perspective
Authors: Storch Neomy , Sato Masatoshi 
Published: July 2019

This classroom‐based study examined the role of context in task‐based interaction. Identical tasks were implemented in university‐level classes in two contexts: Australian ESL (n = 27) and Chilean EFL (n = 19). The learners engaged in discussion tasks, as part of the regular classroom activities. Data included audio‐recorded task‐based interactions, observations, and a survey. Data analysis was guided by activity theory, examining how learners approached the tasks, including deliberations about language (actions), the group dynamics, and their use of mediating tools (e.g., L1). Our findings revealed differences in the learners' actions in these two contexts, both expected (e.g., use of L1) and unexpected (e.g., the nature of assistance provided). Our study shows that in different contexts, the same tasks represent different learning activities.
Thermally treated soya bean oleosomes: the changes in their stability and associated proteins
Authors: Ding Jian , Xu Zejian , Qi Baokun , Liu Zongzhong , Yu Liangli , Yan Zhang , Jiang Lianzhou , Sui Xiaonan 
Published: July 2019

SummaryOleosomes are subcellular organelles present naturally in plant seeds for storing lipids. Oleosomes can be used in the preparation of various food products, such as creams, salad dressings, mayonnaise and emulsion. However, food products are always subjected to thermal processing, and therefore, the evaluation of the thermal stability of oleosomes is of great important. The present work aimed to understand the effect of soya bean oleosome‐associated proteins (SOAPs) on the thermal stability of soya bean oleosome emulsion (SOE). SOE was thermally treated for 15 min at different temperatures of 65, 75, 85 and 95 °C. The confocal laser scanning microscope (CLSM) and Cryo‐SEM of SOE, and as well as fluorescence spectroscopy, circular dichroism of SOAPs were investigated. The stability of SOE was significantly affected by thermal treatments, by modulating the conformational structures of SOAPs, while the composition changed slightly. The results of particle size, zeta potential and CLSM showed that thermal treatments caused aggregations of oleosomes especially at high temperatures (75–95 °C). Thermally treated oleosomes were observed to have a rough surface. Results of this work are useful for understanding the underlying mechanisms of SOAPs in maintaining the thermal stability of SOE.
Effects of dietary inclusion of sunflower soap stocks on colour, oxidation and microbiological growth of meat from light fattening lambs
Authors: Blanco Carolina , Bodas Raúl , Andrés Sonia , Rodríguez‐Calleja Jose María , Mateo Javier , Rozada Fernando , Giráldez F. Javier 
Published: July 2019

SummaryThirty‐two lambs were finished on a total mixed ration (TMR) pelleted alone (00SS) or including sunflower soap stock (SS): 15SS (15 g SS per kg TMR), 30SS (30 g SS per kg TMR) and 60SS (60 g SS per kg TMR). Lambs (8 per group) were slaughtered at 27 kg live weight. Colour evolution, lipid oxidation, microbial growth and detection of diarrhoeagenic Escherichia coli were studied in meat samples. SS in the diet reduced meat lipid oxidation (P < 0.05), but had no significant effect (P > 0.05) on the cholesterol oxidation products. Meat from 60SS and control animals (00SS) revealed greater discoloration (P < 0.05) than 15SS. SS supplementation did not affect the microbiological populations, whereas high doses of SS seemed to increase the proliferation of diarrhoeagenic E. coli on day 14 (P < 0.10). These results suggest that the rate of SS inclusion in the diet of fattening lambs should not be above 15 g SS per kg TMR.
Potential of pulse‐derived proteins for developing novel vegan edible foams and emulsions
Authors: Lafarga Tomás , Álvarez Carlos , Villaró Silvia , Bobo Gloria , Aguiló‐Aguayo Ingrid 
Published: July 2019

SummaryChefs around the world strive to go beyond ordinary and garnish dishes with edible foams and emulsions, generally made using proteins derived from soy or animal sources. However, the increasing number of consumers following a vegan diet has led to a higher demand for novel foods formulated using plant‐derived proteins. The current study evaluated the functional properties of proteins obtained by alkaline solubilisation from common pulses. Water‐ and oil‐holding capacities varied within the ranges 2.39–6.78 and 3.46–6.37 g of water or oil per g or protein concentrate, respectively. Emulsifying capacity and stability was higher at pH values 2.0 and 10.0. A similar trend was observed for foaming capacity and stability. Proteins isolated from fava beans showed the highest foaming capacity, calculated as 56.7 ± 2.9 and 56.7 ± 2.7% when measured at pH 2.0 and 10.0, respectively (P < 0.05). Overall, studied proteins showed potential for their use in edible foams, emulsions and other innovative products.
Multidimensional poverty status of householders with disabilities in South Korea
Authors: Park Eun‐Young , Nam Su‐Jung 
Published: July 2019

This study investigated poverty among householders with disabilities using multidimensional poverty indices to verify their poverty status and expand the scope of the research on poverty. Using the dimensional poverty rate, headcount ratio and adjusted headcount ratio, the study indicates that the poverty rate is higher for householders with disabilities than it is for non‐disabled householders, as is also the headcount ratio and the adjusted headcount ratio. Given the low correlation between the monetary and non‐monetary dimensions of poverty, comprehensive diagnosis in the form of multidimensional poverty assessments should be carried out to provide adequate social services for householders with disabilities.Key Practitioner Message: • Monetary poverty does not directly influence the level of poverty in other dimensions; • The householder with disabilities is associated with higher multidimensional poverty; • Various aspects of life as well as income support should be considered in policy‐making for the problem of poverty.
The Heterogeneous Impact of International Migration on Left‐behind Households: Evidence from Bangladesh
Authors: Romano Donato , Traverso Silvio 
Published: July 2019

AbstractThis article investigates the heterogeneous effects of international migration on the expenditure of Bangladeshi migrant households. Adopting a counterfactual framework, we estimate the impact of migration on per capita expenditure of left‐behind households according to their position in the counterfactual expenditure distribution and the length of the migration period. The effects on households’ social mobility and on inequality are also assessed. The analysis indicates that migration has a positive impact on per capita expenditure and represents an important vehicle of social mobility, but may also be a source of inequality. We also find that only a tiny share of international migrants originates from households belonging to the lowest expenditure quintile and, since most of the characteristics which seem to influence the migration decision cannot be shaped by policy interventions, our results also suggest that pro‐migration policies might not be effective in lifting those most in need out of poverty.