bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Comparison of dimensional reduction using the Singular Value Decomposition Algorithm and the Self Organizing Map Algorithm in clustering result of text documents
Authors: Ihsan Jambak Muhammad , Ikrom Izzuddin Jambak Ahmad 
Published: August 2019

Abstract
Dimension reduction has two methods namely feature selection and feature extraction. Dimension reduction using the feature selection method has a better influence than the feature extraction method on the cluster results. However, there is still a need for feature extraction methods to reduce dimensions. For this reason, an alternative algorithm is needed from the feature extraction method. Self Organizing Map (SOM) is one of the artificial neural network models that has a special nature that is effectively able to create spatial internal representations of input data, or in general to create smaller data dimensions. This research was examining the capability of SOM compared to Singular Value Decomposition (SVD) in reducing data dimension of text documents before there were clustered by k-Means. Results show that SVD still better than SOM in cluster quality index but SOM faster than SVD in computation times.
Application of Hybrid Predictive Tools for Prediction and Simulation in Supercritical Fluid Extraction – An Overview
Authors: Adeib Idris Sitinoor , Markom Masturah 
Published: August 2019

Abstract
Supercritical fluid technology (SFT) has been applied in many areas, such as in pharmaceutical and food sectors, due to its outstanding features. SFT is an efficient technology that performs extraction and leaves no or less organic residues compared to conventional processes. Recently, the simulation and prediction of the process output from supercritical fluid extraction was determined using intelligent system predictive tools. The prediction of the set of results from supercritical fluid extraction for designing and scale up purposes is crucial because it can not only reduce the usage of extraction solvent and the energy and time of the process but it can also solve the problem that the complex mathematical model cannot solve. A neural network is considered as one of the artificial intelligent systems and is a key technology in industry 4.0. The use of hybrid predictive tools is also a developing area in the prediction and simulation of supercritical fluid extraction and therefore will be further discussed in this paper.
An overview of surface reconstruction using partial differential equation (PDE)
Authors: Othman M N M , Yusoff Y , Haron H , You L 
Published: August 2019

Abstract
Surface reconstruction is the main process of reverse engineering where engineering model is reproduced in digital format. Surface reconstruction using PDE can be described as solving the PDE to generate the reconstructed surface of an object of interest. This paper provides a brief introduction to the process of surface reconstruction, partial differential equation and its application in surface reconstruction, as well as summarizing several works that utilize this approach. This paper also outlines the validation method used to assess a reconstruction model.
Integration of Statistical Method and Zernike Moment as Feature Extraction in Liveness Detection
Authors: Ahmad A S , Hassan R , Zakaria Z , Ramlan R 
Published: August 2019

Abstract
Recently, fake fingerprints have been used to defeat fingerprint recognition systems. These fake fingerprints are created without the need for any expertise and use easily found materials. In this paper, a fake fingerprint detection method is proposed that employs a combination of eleven statistical methods and integrating them with Zernike Moment as the feature extractor. Based on the experimental results, the proposed method showed average classification accuracy, sensitivity and specificity of approximately 80% for all sensors used to capture fake fingerprint images fabricated by gelatine and latex materials.
Support Vector Machine with Principle Component Analysis for Road Traffic Crash Severity Classification
Authors: Radzi N.H.M. , Gwari I.S.B. , Mustaffa N.H. , Sallehuddin R. 
Published: August 2019

Abstract
Road traffic crash (RTC) is one among the leading causes of death in the world, including Nigeria. It also turns many victims completely disabled and generally affected the socio–economic development in the society. In this paper, we proposed to predict the road crash severity injuries in Nigeria by identifying the most significant contributory factors using Principal Component Analysis with Support Vector Machine (SVM) used for classification algorithm. Road crash data from year 2013-2015 obtained from Federal Road Safety Corps Nigeria is used in this study. The result shows that and increased to 87% compared to 82% without feature selection.
A Review on Type of Attacks on Fingerprint Image and Watermarking Techniques
Authors: Lebcir Mohamed , Awang Suryanti 
Published: August 2019

Abstract
Fingerprint image watermarking techniques have several advantages over traditional security systems that based on token or knowledge. However, they are also vulnerable to attacks that can decrease their security. In this regard, this paper presents a study of a number of research studies on the attacks of fingerprint images watermarking techniques. The attacks can be categorized into intentional and unintentional. We study several attacks based on that category and several fingerprint image watermarking methods. We produce a comprehensive comparison of those methods to show how the methods able to prevent the attacks. We also discuss the advantages and disadvantages of the methods. Therefore, based on that, we can see what are the common attacks on the fingerprint image and what are the methods that efficient in preventing the attacks.
Flower Pollination Neural Network For Heart Disease Classification
Authors: Haider Bin Abu Yazid Mohamad , Shukor Talib Mohamad , Haikal Satria Muhammad 
Published: August 2019

Abstract
Heart Disease are among the leading cause of death worldwide. The application of artificial neural network as decision support tool for heart disease detection have been previously proposed. However, artificial neural network using conventional back propagation algorithm for error minimization and these algorithm tend to stuck at local minima. This paper proposed the use of flower pollination algorithm as a substitute to conventional back propagation algorithm for error minimization. Heart disease dataset obtain from UCI machine learning repository is used to evaluate the performance of the proposed framework. The results show that the proposed flower pollination neural network able to produce higher classification accuracy compared to the conventional back propagation neural network algorithm.
An enhanced latent semantic indexing with term frequency-inverse document frequency variant for software traceability
Authors: Tumeng R , Jawawi D N A , Isa M A 
Published: August 2019

Abstract
This paper proposes an improved Latent Semantic Indexing (LSI) with Term Frequency-Inverse Document Frequency (TFIDF) variant for software traceability. The main advantage of the method is the simplicity and accuracy of the algorithm such that it can produce high precision and recall. The accuracy of tracing precise links between software artefacts is achieved by feeding the LSI with TF-IFDF variant that halves the TF and IDF values, thus increases the probability of yielding precise links. To test the accuracy of the proposed method, two case studies were evaluated, namely Mushroom Management System (MMS) and Robotic Wheelchair System (RWS). The superiority of the proposed method over a conventional LSI is confirmed by 409.09%, 900.00%, and 620.00% improvements for precision, recall, and harmonic mean scores, respectively, in MMS case study, at cosine threshold of 0.94. It is anticipated that the method could be beneficial in the design of a practical and accurate system for retrieving precise software traceability links.
Overview of Machine Vision on Digital Imaging Approach for Automatic Tuna Length Measurement
Authors: Ridhwan Sukiman Adam , Hassan Haswadi , Mohd Zain Azlan , Mukhtar Alif , Zaman Panatik Kamarul 
Published: August 2019

Abstract
The demand of fish and marine product have increased significantly throughout the year. Therefore, overfishing had become major concern for various parties around the world especially the United Nation(UN). Collecting numerical data is a first step toward preservation and conservation of tuna and other fish population. This paper reviews automatic tuna length measurement by using machine vision techniques. This is one of the steps in collecting necessary data on size of fishes caught by fishermen. Previous research had been done on measuring the length of fish, but the accuracy rate of the length measurement is not satisfactory enough. Many factors affecting the accuracy of the length measurement processes such as lighting inequalities, blood on the platform and others. Machine vision techniques have a great potential to be used in automating the measurement of the fish length with high accuracy. Machine vision techniques could improve the accuracy and efficiency of the measurement of the fish length that would substitute the tedious manual work.
Taguchi Method Used in Optimization of Plastic Injection Molding
Authors: Fatihah Kamarudin Nur , Mohamad Yusuf Suhaila , Mohd Zain Azlan 
Published: August 2019

Abstract
Plastic Injection molding is the most important process of plastic product where it determines whether the product can be used or it has inadequacy. The inadequacy can make the product unusable or also can affect the quality of the product. So in order to avoid the inadequacy, optimization of the process parameter must be done. This is one of the steps to get the best quality of product. It will able to save cost as well as increase the quality of the product. Taguchi method is one of the methods that use to identify the parameter that can cause the defect of a product. This method is able to reduce the defect and also able to decrease the cost of creating the product.
Characterization of Fly Ash and Metakaolin Blend Geopolymers under Ambient Temperature Condition
Authors: Zulkifly Khairunnisa , Cheng Yong Heah , Mustafa Al Bakri Abdullah Mohd , Yun Ming Liew , Victor Sandu Andrei , Fatimah Azzahran Abdullah Siti 
Published: August 2019

Abstract
This paper presents a characterization of fly ash and metakaolin blend geopolymers of the optimize mix proportion of 10 M NaOH concentration mixed with the solid-to-liquid ratio of 1.2 and sodium silicate and sodium hydroxide ratio of 2.6. The combination of amorphous and crystalline phase in the fly ash (FA) and metakaolin (MK) blend geopolymers showed a positive effect on the resultant geopolymers. The formation of new crystalline phases which is sillimanite as presented by XRD analysis. Fly ash and metakaolin blend geopolymers showed the presence of geopolymer bonding at around 1390 cm-1 and 960 cm-1. This paper discloses effect of blending fly ash and metakaolin in the synthesis promotes the continual hydration of the geopolymers.
Utilization of rice straw ash during composting of food waste at different initial C/N ratios for compost quality
Authors: Noor Baya Binti Khalib Siti , Azura Binti Zakarya Irnis , Nuraiti Binti Tengku Izhar Tengku 
Published: August 2019

Abstract
The increases in rice productivity and size of paddy areas have led to the huge excess of rice straw in paddy field after the harvesting season. Rice straw can be used as a soil conditioner by composting process instead of on-farm burning that been practice by farmer which can caused pollution. Nevertheless, it required a long time for the decomposition process to happen since the main fraction of rice straw is lignocellulose which was difficult to degrade. Thus, the objective of this study was to evaluate the effect of different initial C:N ratio used (20,25,30) during composting of rice straw ash and food waste towards compost quality in term of pH, temperature, moisture content, C:N ratio and germination index. A laboratory-scale bin composter reactor was used during 30 days of composting period. The composting mixture with initial C:N ratio of 30 maintained the temperature exceeding 55°C for more than 3 days but the composting mixtures with initial C:N ratios of 20 and 25 did not meet the requirement of pathogen destruction. The maximum final C:N ratio and germination index obtained at a composting mixture with initial C:N ratios of 30 compared to the other two composting mixtures. The pH and moisture content value in three composting mixture was recorded in a range of 7-9 and 40-60% for mature compost to establish.
An Experimental Investigation of Humidity Effect on fabrication of Green Ceramic Membrane Prepared Via Dry Phase Inversion
Authors: Riduan Jamalludin Mohd , Khadijah Hubadillah Siti , Harun Zawati , Hafiz Dzarfan Othman Mohd , Ikman Ishak Muhammad , Khor C.Y. , Rosli M.U. , Nawi M.A.M. , Mohamad Syafiq A.K. , Lailina N.M , Ismail Ras izzati , Yit Leng Lee 
Published: August 2019

Abstract
Ceramic membranes are gaining a market demand nowadays due to its characterization and performance. However, in the preparation of ceramic membrane for water and wastewater separation, the processes involved are taking a higher cost. In this work, ceramic membranes were prepared via phase inversion within controlled humidity by using different composition of low cost and green ceramic material, kaolin. The preparation of ceramic membranes was conducted via phase inversion in high humidity; i) 3°C and, ii) room temperature. In this paper, we report on the high humidity affected the viscosity of membrane suspension. Thus, the viscosity of ceramic suspension was giving integration towards membrane characterization and performance. A dense membrane structure was observed when the ceramic membranes were prepared in high humidity and kaolin composition. The morphology of overall, porous and dense structure of ceramic membranes was characterized by field emission scanning electron microscope (FESEM) at x50, x500 and x5000 magnification respectively.
Effect of Solder Joint Width to the Mechanical Aspect in Thermal Stress Analysis
Authors: Tan J. S. , Khor C. Y. , Ikman Ishak Muhammad , Rosli M. U. , Riduan Jamalludin Mohd , Nawi M. A. M. , Mohamad Syafiq A.K. , Abdul Aziz M.S. 
Published: August 2019

Abstract
The solder joint has a different dimension which depends on the component or package size. The thermal induced stress, strain and displacement is difficult to visualize due to small size during the component assembly process. Thus, this study is aimed to investigate those mechanical aspects via thermal stress analysis using finite element method. A model of surface mount capacitor was created in the simulation software. The influence of the different widths to the stress, strain and displacement were investigated. The simulation results revealed that the solder width significantly affects the stress, strain and displacement of the solder joint. The increment of the width decreases the strain and stress of the solder joint. The lowest stress and strain were found on the 3.1 mm of solder joint. Thus, the simulation results are expected to provide the understanding of mechanical aspects of solder joint in the thermal stress analysis.
The Influence of Spiral Blade Distributor on Pressure Drop in a Swirling Fluidized Bed
Authors: Nawi M. A. M. , Razman Amin Mohd , Kasim M. S. , Izamshah R. , Ikman Ishak Muhammad , Khor C. Y. , Rosli M. U. , Riduan Jamalludin Mohd , Mohamad Syafiq A. K. 
Published: August 2019

Abstract
This work reports studies on the aerodynamics of air flow in the plenum chamber of a swirling fluidized bed. The study focused on the effect of annular spiral blade distributor configuration whereby the effect of various pitch length (60 mm, 80 mm and 100 mm) via various horizontal inclination angle (0°, 12° and 15°). The CFD method is used to compute and obtain the performance results as well as pressure drop data. Moreover, high pressure drop is undesirable since high pumping power is needed to sustain the pressure needed to run the swirling fluidized bed processes. It should be as low as possible to reduce the power being wasted during the processes. The numerical result at the parameter of horizontal blade inclination of 15° via pitch length of spiral blade distributor of 100 mm shows that effect on large overlapping length of blade (trapezoidal) area consume less pressure drop.
Theoretical framework of universal design principle (UDP) approach considering haptic exploratory procedure (HEP) of visually impaired person in using TRIZ integration.
Authors: Shahrin S. , Rahman KAAA , Kamarudin KM , Che Me R. 
Published: August 2019

Abstract
Visually impaired person has a difficulty in identifying the product function and usability. There is a need to integrate haptic exploratory procedure (HEP) of visually impaired person with universal design principle (UDP) in order to construct structural design approach. The purpose of this study is to construct theoretical framework for universal design approach considering haptic exploratory procedure (HEP). This study uses literature on visually impaired person haptic exploratory procedure (HEP) in order to identify the object properties translated by visually impaired person. Then, it uses literature of universal design to identify universal design approach in concept design process. Then, approach of TRIZ is explored in proposing systematic approach. Finally, the results are expected to lead towards model of theoretical framework of universal design approach using TRIZ and HEP. It can provide a helpful foundation for structuring the experiences to develop further the knowledge and understanding of objects for universal design. This theoretical framework contributes in designing structural UDP approach with consideration of visually impaired person HEP. It improves product usability in designing a universal design for visually impaired person.
Influence of Manganese Substitution on Photocatalytic Activity of Fe3-xMnxO4 Catalyst by Heterogeneous Photo Fenton-like Reaction
Authors: Alrozi Rasyidah , Adzwin Noordin Nurul , Edwin Elsabba , Aida Zubir Nor , Nasuha Norhaslinda , Imam Maarof Hawaiah , Anuar Kamaruddin Mohamad 
Published: August 2019

Abstract
In this study, the influence of manganese substitution on the photocatalytic activity of heterogeneous Fe3-xMnxO4 catalyst were investigated. The Fe3-xMnxO4 catalysts were synthesized through co-precipitation method at varies manganese (Mn) substitution ratio (x) of 0, 0.1, 0.2, 0.3, 0.4 and 0.5, respectively. The photocatalytic performance of the resultant catalysts were tested in photo Fenton-like degradation of AOII dye in the presence of 22Mm H2O2 at initial pH of 3. Interestingly, discoloration of 95.9% AOII was achieved at optimized x value of 0.3. Enhancement of nearly 98% was observed compared to pristine catalyst (x=0) which was able to degrade up to 48.4% only. In addition, it also demonstrated that the AOII degradation kinetic using Fe3-xMnxO4 catalyst at x=0.3 by photo Fenton-like reaction was fitted well with the first order reaction kinetic (k = 0.018 min-1 and R2 = 0.9862). Thus, it can be suggested that the substitution of Mn into the matrix of iron oxide provides a positive influence in enhancing the overall photocatalytic peformance of heterogeneous Fe3-xMnxO4 catalyst during the photo Fenton-like reaction.
Acoustic Doppler Current Profiler Measurement of River Discharge at Sungai Perak, Bota Kiri
Authors: Ruslan Ismail Wan , Shazril Idris Ibrahim Muhammad , Abustan Ismail , Remy Rozainy Mohd , Aimi Mohd Najib Sumayyah , Faiz Syazwan Muhammad 
Published: August 2019

Abstract
Nowadays, the mining of sand resources from rivers areas especially in Perak state is a common practice and may lead to destruction of public assets as well as impacts or increase stress on commercial and noncommercial living resources that utilize these areas. This study was carried out to determine possible river sand removal capacity and their consequences towards Sungai Perak. Acoustic Doppler Current Profiler (ADCP) is utilized to make river profiler in term of velocity meshes and river bed depth. It also could measure the total discharge of a particular cross-section. In this study, 8 locations of the river were chosen to analyze the river discharge profile either symmetrical or non-symmetrical. From the result and analysis, only one out of eight location showed symmetrical profile. This result showed that the flow of water in the river was not in a good condition and river sand mining in a controlled condition need to be conducted to improve the quality of the river. Other than that, the average flow of Sg. Perak at Pendiat (7770 km2) is 220 m3/s which is same magnitude that was reported by Department of Irrigation and Drainage. Based on this result, it is possible to mine sand island and this activity will reduce local scouring.
An Experience Of Hydraulic Physical Model Study In Malaysia.
Authors: Firdaus Zulkefly Zainordin , Abustan Ismail , Remy Rozainy Mohd , Abdul Wahab Khairy 
Published: August 2019

Abstract
Water Resources Section at School of Civil Engineering, Universiti Sains Malaysia have involved more than 20 projects in pump sump physical modeling, 4 projects in hydraulic spillway study and more than 20 projects related to hydraulic physical model. The total cost of overall projects involved is more than 1 million USD. Hydraulic physical modeling has proven to be important and efficient tool in conceptual as well as detailed hydraulic design. Pump sump model provide effective solution to complex hydraulic problems with unmatched reliability. Meanwhile spillway study is often necessary to determine the possible occurrences of hydraulic jumps, splashing over the site walls and undesired flow vortices. This research can be done accurately because the equipment is complete and sophisticated. Problems related to hydraulic physical model can be solved wisely and accurately with aid of accurate design, data collection and data analyses.
Recovery of iron from electric arc furnace slag: effect of heating temperature and time
Authors: Nasuha Norhaslinda , Shaziela Nobri@Mohd Shukri Nor , Edora Rohizat Nurizani , Alrozi Rasyidah , Aida Zubir Nor , Imam Maarof Hawaiah 
Published: August 2019

Abstract
This work presents the iron oxide recovery from electric arc furnace slag with different temperature and time using acid leaching method. The results showed that formation of iron oxide from electric arc furnace (IO-EAFS) was influenced by the temperature and time of heating. This is evidenced by constant acid concentration and liquid to solid ratio, 5 hours of heating time was exhibited the highest amount of iron ion in extracted solution. The maximum of iron extract in heating temperature was at 100 °C. Throughout the characterization using Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM), the iron oxide illustrated the microstructures were agglomerates predominantly with irregular shapes and XRD results further colobrated the presence of hematite combined with other metal oxide exists in the IO-EAFS. From the TGA analysis, it was identified that the recovered iron oxide was totally decomposed at 525°C. This results indicate that electric arc furnace slag is potential material of iron oxide for the future appliction.