bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Results of a RCT on a Transition Support Program for Adults with ASD: Effects on Self‐Determination and Quality of Life
Authors: Nadig Aparna , Flanagan Tara , White Keeley , Bhatnagar Sahir 
Published: November 2018

Few evidence‐based services exist for people with Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) as they transition into adulthood, particularly those that foster appreciation of one's own goals and strengths. We developed a transition service for adults with ASD (without Intellectual Disability), and conducted a randomized controlled trial (RCT) focusing on self‐report of Quality of Life and Self‐Determination outcomes. Thirty participants aged 18–29 were randomized to immediate or delayed intervention, with 26 participants analyzed after 4 were lost to follow‐up. Curriculum was tailored to participants' self‐expressed needs in three areas: social communication, self‐determination, and working with others. Groups of four‐to‐six participants with ASD and two facilitators met weekly for 10 weeks. Positive intervention effects were observed on self‐report of Quality of Life; the intervention group scored on average 2 points higher than the control group, 95% CI [−0.2, 3.9]. Positive effects were also observed on the Self Determination Scale (Interpersonal Cognitive Problem‐Solving subdomain), where the intervention group scored 2 points higher than control group 95% CI [0.082, 3.4]. In addition, participants rated skills targeted by the curriculum 6 points higher after versus before intervention, 95% CI [3.7, 8.6]. This was echoed by a subset of parents rating their child's skills as seven points higher after versus before intervention, 95% CI [1, 14].Autism Research2018, 11: 1712–1728. © 2018 International Society for Autism Research, Wiley Periodicals, Inc.Lay SummaryThese findings indicate that it is possible to increase Self‐Determination and subjective Quality of Life in adults with ASD through a brief group‐format service, and provide a model for doing so. Self‐Determination abilities are linked to improved adult outcomes in individuals with other disabilities. These often overlooked factors should be incorporated in programming for adults with ASD as they transition to adulthood.
Innovation via Inspiration und Kreativität
Authors: Möller Eberhard 
Published: November 2018

AbstractDer Tragwerksentwickler Frei Otto hat die Multihalle für die Bundesgartenschau 1975 in Mannheim gemeinsam mit den Ingenieuren von Ove Arup und den Architekten Carlfried Mutschler und Joachim Langner entworfen, entwickelt und verwirklicht. Der Bau gilt als Meilenstein des überwiegend druckbeanspruchten Leichtbaus. Das filigrane Flächentragwerk war damals und ist heute noch die größte freitragende Holzgitterschalenkonstruktion weltweit mit Spannweiten von bis zu 80 m. Der kreative Planungsprozess war kaum weniger interessant und ist bis heute vorbildlich. Der Prüfingenieur Fritz Wenzel hat diesen Prozess begleitet und überwacht. Heute, fast 44 Jahre später, benötigt man in ähnlichem Maß Forschergeist, Kreativität, Innovationsfreude und Mut, um das großartige Denkmal als weiterhin beispielhaftes Leichtbau‐Experiment zu retten.
Characterizing and enhancing virus removal by protein A chromatography
Authors: Pan Chinwei , Becerra‐Arteaga Alejandro , Tran Benjamin , Chinn Michael , Wang Hua , Chen Qi , Lutz Herb , Zhang Min 
Published: November 2018

AbstractProtein A chromatography is an effective capture step to separate Fc‐containing biopharmaceuticals from cell culture impurities but is generally not effective for virus removal, which tends to vary among different products. Previous findings have pointed to the differences in feedstocks to protein A, composed of the products and other cell culture‐related impurities. To separate the effect of the feedstock components on virus removal, and understand why certain monoclonal antibody (mAb) products have low virus log reduction values (LRVs) across protein A chromatography, we investigated the partitioning of three types of viruses on Eshmuno® A columns. Using pure mAbs, we found that low LRVs were correlated with the presence of the particular mAb product itself, causing altered partitioning patterns. Three virus types were tested, and the trend in partitioning was the same for retrovirus‐like particles (RVLPs) expressed in the cell substrate, and its model virus xenotropic murine leukemia virus (XMuLV), whereas slightly different for murine minute virus. These results were extended from previous observation described by Bach and Connell‐Crowley (2015) studying XMuLV partitioning on MabSelect SuRe columns, providing further evidence using additional types of viruses and resin. Other product‐specific cell culture impurities in harvested cell culture fluid played a lesser role in causing low LRVs. In addition, using high throughput screening (HTS) methods and Eshmuno® A resin plates, we identified excipients with ionic and hydrophobic properties that could potentially alleviate the mAb‐induced LRV reduction, indicating that both ionic and hydrophobic interactions were involved. More excipients of such nature or combinations, once optimized, can potentially be used as load and/or wash additives to improve virus removal by protein A. We have demonstrated that HTS is a valuable tool for this type of screening, whether to gain deeper understanding of a mechanism, or to provide guidance during the optimization of protein A process with improved virus removal.
Purification of a conjugated polysaccharide vaccine using tangential flow diafiltration
Authors: Emami Parinaz , Motevalian Seyed Pouria , Pepin Erin , Zydney Andrew L. 
Published: November 2018

AbstractConjugated vaccines prepared from the capsular polysaccharide of Streptococcus pneumoniae can provide immunization against invasive pneumococcal disease, meningitis, and otitis media. One of the critical steps in the production of these vaccines is the removal of free (unreacted) polysaccharides from the protein‐polysaccharide conjugate. Experimental studies were performed to evaluate the effects of membrane pore size, filtrate flux, and solution conditions on the transmission of both the conjugate and free polysaccharide through different ultrafiltration membranes. Conjugate purification was done using diafiltration performed in a linearly‐scalable tangential flow filtration cassette. More than 98% of the free polysaccharide was removed within a 5‐diavolume diafiltration process, which is a significant improvement over previously reported results for purification of similar conjugated vaccines. These results clearly demonstrate the opportunities for using ultrafiltration/diafiltration for the final purification of conjugated vaccine products.
CFD predicted pH gradients in lactic acid bacteria cultivations
Authors: Spann Robert , Glibstrup Jens , Pellicer‐Alborch Klaus , Junne Stefan , Neubauer Peter , Roca Christophe , Kold David , Lantz Anna Eliasson , Sin Gürkan , Gernaey Krist V. , Krühne Ulrich 
Published: November 2018

AbstractThe formation of pH gradients in a 700 L batch fermentation of Streptococcus thermophilus was studied using multi‐position pH measurements and computational fluid dynamics (CFD) modeling. To this end, a dynamic, kinetic model of
S. thermophilus and a pH correlation were integrated into a validated one‐phase CFD model, and a dynamic CFD simulation was performed. First, the fluid dynamics of the CFD model were validated with NaOH tracer pulse mixing experiments. Mixing experiments and simulations were performed whereas multiple pH sensors, which were placed vertically at different locations in the bioreactor, captured the response. A mixing time of about 46 s to reach 95% homogeneity was measured and predicted at an impeller speed of 242 rpm. The CFD simulation of the
S. thermophilus fermentation captured the experimentally observed pH gradients between a pH of 5.9 and 6.3, which occurred during the exponential growth phase. A pH higher than 7 was predicted in the vicinity of the base solution inlet. Biomass growth, lactic acid production, and substrate consumption matched the experimental observations. Moreover, the biokinetic results obtained from the CFD simulation were similar to a single‐compartment simulation, for which a homogeneous distribution of the pH was assumed. This indicates no influence of pH gradients on growth in the studied bioreactor. This study verified that the pH gradients during a fermentation in the pilot‐scale bioreactor could be accurately predicted using a coupled simulation of a biokinetic and a CFD model. To support the understanding and optimization of industrial‐scale processes, future biokinetic CFD studies need to assess multiple types of environmental gradients, like pH, substrate, and dissolved oxygen, especially at industrial scale.
Child Maltreatment in the Zhejiang Province of China: The Role of Parental Aggressive Tendency and a History of Maltreatment in Childhood
Authors: Ni Yanyan , Zhou Xudong , Li Leah , Hesketh Therese 
Published: November 2018

This study aimed to explore the role of parental aggression and parental childhood maltreatment experience in the maltreatment of children in Zhejiang Province, eastern China. The study sites were two urban and two rural schools. Children aged ten to 16 years and their parents completed separate questionnaires, which included: parental childhood maltreatment; parental aggressive tendency; and maltreatment of children. Questionnaires were completed by 611 parents and 821 children. Fifty‐eight per cent of parents reported maltreatment of their children. Higher parental aggression scores were associated with an increased risk for all types of child maltreatment (relative risk ratios (RRRs) or odds ratios (ORs) ranged from 1.06–1.07 for each point higher on the aggression scale). Parental childhood maltreatment was significantly associated with an increased risk of moderate/severe physical maltreatment of children (OR = 1.80 (1.08, 3.00)); parental aggression was an explanatory factor for this association. Parental childhood maltreatment was positively associated with emotional maltreatment of children (OR = 1.89 (1.27, 2.83)). This was partly explained by parental aggression. In conclusion, high levels of child maltreatment were admitted by parents in China, suggesting the need for parenting education. Parents with a higher aggressive tendency were more likely to maltreat children. Parental aggressive tendency was an explanatory factor for the intergenerational transmission of maltreatment, indicating the possibility of identifying parents' aggressive tendencies for early prevention. © 2018 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.‘Explore[s] the role of parental aggression and parental childhood maltreatment experience in the maltreatment of children in Zhejiang Province’Key Practitioner Messages

Child maltreatment of all types is common in China. What is especially striking is the finding that nearly a fifth of parents admitted to moderate/severe maltreatment of their children.
Parents with a higher aggressive tendency were more likely to use all types of maltreatment with their children.
Parental aggression was an explanatory factor for the intergenerational transmission of moderate/severe physical maltreatment and emotional maltreatment.
‘Child maltreatment of all types is common in China’
Terminal Deoxynucleotidyl Transferase in the Synthesis and Modification of Nucleic Acids
Authors: Sarac Ivo , Hollenstein Marcel 
Published: November 2018

AbstractThe terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase (TdT) belongs to the X family of DNA polymerases. This unusual polymerase catalyzes the template‐independent addition of random nucleotides on 3′‐overhangs during V(D)J recombination. The biological function and intrinsic biochemical properties of the TdT have spurred the development of numerous oligonucleotide‐based tools and methods, especially if combined with modified nucleoside triphosphates. Herein, we summarize the different applications stemming from the incorporation of modified nucleotides by the TdT. The structural, mechanistic, and biochemical properties of this polymerase are also discussed.
Utilization of Synthetic Calcium‐Phyllosilicates as Bifunctional Bases in the Matsuda‐Heck Reaction
Authors: Brunner Heiko , Vedder Lennart 
Published: November 2018

AbstractCalcium‐phyllosilicates can successfully be used as novel bases in the Matsuda‐Heck reaction using methanol as solvent. The new experimental set‐up distinguishes itself by higher reactivity and better selectivity compared to other systems.
Class‐specific variable selection in high‐dimensional discriminant analysis through Bayesian Sparsity
Authors: Orlhac Fanny , Mattei Pierre‐Alexandre , Bouveyron Charles , Ayache Nicholas 
Published: November 2018

AbstractAlthough the ongoing digital revolution in fields such as chemometrics, genomics, or personalized medicine gives hope for considerable progress in these areas, it also provides more and more high‐dimensional data to analyze and interpret. A common usual task in those fields is discriminant analysis, which however may suffer from the high dimensionality of the data. The recent advances, through subspace classification or variable selection methods, allowed to reach either excellent classification performances or useful visualizations and interpretations. Obviously, it is of great interest to have both excellent classification accuracies and a meaningful variable selection for interpretation. This work addresses this issue by introducing a subspace discriminant analysis method which performs a class‐specific variable selection through Bayesian sparsity. The resulting classification methodology is called sparse high‐dimensional discriminant analysis (sHDDA). Contrary to most sparse methods which are based on the Lasso, sHDDA relies on a Bayesian modeling of the sparsity pattern and avoids the painstaking and sensitive cross‐validation of the sparsity level. The main features of sHDDA are illustrated on simulated and real‐world data. In particular, an exemplar application to cancer characterization based on medical imaging using radiomic feature extraction is proposed.
T1 Population as the Driver of Excited‐State Proton‐Transfer in 2‐Thiopyridone
Authors: Eckert Sebastian , Norell Jesper , Jay Raphael M. , Fondell Mattis , Mitzner Rolf , Odelius Michael , Föhlisch Alexander 
Published: November 2018

AbstractExcited‐state proton transfer (ESPT) is a fundamental process in biomolecular photochemistry, but its underlying mediators often evade direct observation. We identify a distinct pathway for ESPT in aqueous 2‐thiopyridone, by employing transient N 1s X‐ray absorption spectroscopy and multi‐configurational spectrum simulations. Photoexcitations to the singlet S2 and S4 states both relax promptly through intersystem crossing to the triplet T1 state. The T1 state, through its rapid population and near nanosecond lifetime, mediates nitrogen site deprotonation by ESPT in a secondary intersystem crossing to the S0 potential energy surface. This conclusively establishes a dominant ESPT pathway for the system in aqueous solution, which is also compatible with previous measurements in acetonitrile. Thereby, the hitherto open questions of the pathway for ESPT in the compound, including its possible dependence on excitation wavelength and choice of solvent, are resolved.
Neutrophil Elastase Promotes Linker Cleavage and Paclitaxel Release from an Integrin‐Targeted Conjugate
Authors: Raposo Moreira Dias André , Pina Arianna , Dean Amelia , Lerchen Hans‐Georg , Caruso Michele , Gasparri Fabio , Fraietta Ivan , Troiani Sonia , Arosio Daniela , Belvisi Laura , Pignataro Luca , Dal Corso Alberto , Gennari Cesare 
Published: November 2018

AbstractThis work takes advantage of one of the hallmarks of cancer, that is, the presence of tumor infiltrating cells of the immune system and leukocyte‐secreted enzymes, to promote the activation of an anticancer drug at the tumor site. The peptidomimetic integrin ligand cyclo(DKP‐RGD) was found to accumulate on the surface of αvβ3 integrin‐expressing human renal cell carcinoma 786‐O cells. The ligand was conjugated to the anticancer drug paclitaxel through a Asn‐Pro‐Val (NPV) tripeptide linker, which is a substrate of neutrophil‐secreted elastase. In vitro linker cleavage assays and cell antiproliferative experiments demonstrate the efficacy of this tumor‐targeting conjugate, opening the way to potential therapeutic applications.
Reproducible Measurement Results in Organic Solvent Nanofiltration with Ceramic Membranes
Authors: Lechner Kai , Brösigke Georg , Repke Jens‐Uwe 
Published: November 2018

AbstractCeramic membranes are still quite innovative to organic solvent nanofiltration. Nevertheless, flux and rejection results obtained in filtration measurements seem to depend largely on the experimental procedure, membrane production batch and setup. Therefore, an experimental approach is described, which proved to provide reproducible and reliable results that may be used as data set to derive parameters in model development.
Phase transition properties, chemical purity, and solubility of coniferyl alcohol and D‐mannose: Experimental and Cosmo‐RS predictions
Authors: Mohan Mood , Banerjee Tamal , Goud Vaibhav V. 
Published: November 2018

AbstractThe main objective of the study was to investigate the phase transition properties (melting temperature and heat of fusion) and chemical purity of coniferyl alcohol and D‐mannose by differential scanning calorimetry (DSC). The measurements have been performed at different heating rates from 1–20 °C/min under atmospheric inert gas. From the DSC analysis, the onset temperature, peak temperature, and the heat of fusion of both the compounds were measured. They were found to increase with an increase in the heating rate. The chemical purity of coniferyl alcohol and D‐mannose were determined based on the van't Hoff equation. The chemical purity of coniferyl alcohol was observed to be 99.54 mol% with a correction factor of 1.44 % at a 15 °C/min heating rate. The corresponding purity values for D‐mannose were 98.98 mol% at a correction factor of 6.76 % and 20 °C/min. The obtained results showed that the chemical purity of both the compounds was found to decrease with an increase in the correction factor. Furthermore, this study also focuses on the solubility of both substances in ionic liquids by applying the continuum solvation model (COSMO‐RS) using DSC measured melting properties as input.
Evolution of electronic conductivity in a Ni/YSZ electrode fabricated by electrophoretic deposition
Authors: Amiri Saeid , Hayes Robert E. , Sarkar Partha 
Published: November 2018

AbstractThe conductivity of a tubular micro solid oxide fuel cell (TμSOFC) anode is measured in‐situ. The Ni/YSZ composite anode was fabricated using the electrophoretic deposition (EPD) technique. The four‐probe method is used to measure the conductivity of several samples simultaneously under a reducing atmosphere during several cycles of heating, ∼100 h dwelling and cooling periods. Special attention is paid to maintaining similar fabrication and thermal histories among the samples. Despite all this, the measured conductivities show substantial variation and degradation from sample to sample and from one thermal cycle to the next. The most variations occur during the reduction of the cell, with significant oscillations in the measurements. Sample conductivities exhibit step‐like changes during the cooling and heat‐up cycles. A theory based on thermal expansion induced Ni particles connection formation and breakage within the YSZ backbone is proposed. Sample electron microscope micrographs are presented showing island‐like segregated Ni particles within a continuous YSZ structure. Eliminating such effects not only will reduce the cell performance variability but will also increase the peak power by 60 %, according to our simulation results.
Bio‐scouring of cotton fabric and enzymatic degumming of jute fibres by a thermo‐alkaline recombinant rhamnogalacturonan lyase, ctrglf from Clostridium thermocellum
Authors: Dhillon Arun , Rajulapati Vikky , Goyal Arun 
Published: November 2018

AbstractIn this study, the use of recombinant rhamnogalacturonan lyase CtRGLf in bio‐scouring of cotton and enzymatic degumming jute was evaluated. The best concentration for bio‐scouring of cotton and degumming of jute was found to be 12 mg/mL (3.2 U/mL) of crude CtRGLf. Cotton fabric treated with 12 mg/mL (3.2 U/mL) of crude CtRGLf took 30 s to absorb a drop of water while the CtRGLf untreated fabric took 40 min. The crude CtRGLf reduced the water absorption time of cotton fabric by 98 % after 45 min of treatment. FESEM images showed that crude CtRGLf (12 mg/mL; 3.2 U/mL), effectively removed the waxy compounds from the surface of jute fibres after 1 h of treatment. These results showed that CtRGLf is a potentially important enzyme for the textile industry.
Hybrid blind interference alignment in homogeneous cellular networks with limited coherence time
Authors: Bakhshi Ramin , İnce Erhan Aliriza 
Published: November 2018

SummaryThe work presented in this paper is inspired by the user grouping approach of topological blind interference alignment (top‐BIA), which is a semi‐blind IA scheme and the fact that the partially connected networks can be advantageous in terms of degree of freedom (DoF) and sum rate. The hybrid‐BIA scheme proposed in the paper uses top‐BIA to group users that are randomly distributed in a dense small‐cell network and aims to reduce the supersymbol length and overcome the DoF loss of the state‐of‐the‐art hierarchical BIA (h‐BIA) technique. The proposed scheme is very suitable for channels where coherence time is limited and also could attain a good DoF over a small number of symbol extensions. Both the sum‐DoF and the network throughput for hybrid‐BIA is greater than that of h‐BIA. By varying the number of user groups, the paper shows that h‐BIA constitutes a special case of hybrid‐BIA. Finally, the paper demonstrates the effect of changing the number of transmit antennas and number of small cells on the sum‐DoF gain of hybrid‐BIA over that of h‐BIA.
ADYTIA: Adaptive and Dynamic TCP Interface Architecture for heterogeneous networks
Authors: Vanzara Rakeshkumar , Sharma Priyanka , Bhatt Haresh S. , Tanwar Sudeep , Tyagi Sudhanshu , Kumar Neeraj , Obaidat Mohammad S. 
Published: November 2018

SummaryDue to the widespread popularity and usage of Internet of things (IoT)‐enabled devices, there is an exponential increase in the data traffic generated from these IoT devices. Most of these devices communicate with each other using heterogeneous links having constraints such as latency, throughput, and interference from concurrent transmissions. This results in an extra burden on the underlying communication infrastructure to manage the traffic within these constraints between source and destination. However, most of the existing applications use different Transmission Control Protocol (TCP) variants for traffic management between these devices and are dependent on the stage of the sender, irrespective of the application types and link characteristics. Each operating system (OS) has different TCP variant for all applications, irrespective of path characteristics. Hence, a single TCP variant cannot select the best suitable link, which results in degradation in throughput compared to the existing default. Moreover, it cannot use the full capacity of the available link for different applications and network links, especially in heterogeneous network such as IoT. To cope up with these challenges, in this paper, we propose an Adaptive and Dynamic TCP Interface Architecture (ADYTIA). ADYTIA allows the usage of different TCP variants based on application and link characteristics, irrespective of the physical links of the entire path. It allows the usage of different TCP variants based on their design principle across heterogeneous technologies, platforms, and applications. ADYTIA is implemented on NS‐2 and Linux kernel for real testbed experiments. Its ability to select the best suitable TCP variant results in 20% to 80% improvement in throughput compared with the existing default and single TCP variant on Linux and Windows.