bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Much Ado about N…atrium: modelling tissue sodium as a highly sensitive marker of subclinical and localized oedema
Authors: Rossitto Giacomo , Touyz Rhian M. , Petrie Mark C. , Delles Christian 
Published: December 2018

Hypertonic Na+ accumulation in peripheral tissues is a recently described phenomenon: it has been associated with ageing, hypertension, diabetes, chronic kidney disease and heart failure, but its clinical meaning has yet to be determined. This concept conflicts with the classic physiological paradigm of constant balance between salt intake and excretion, and its water-independent nature is still a matter of debate.
We developed a theoretical model explaining changes in the chemical composition of tissues as a function of extracellular volume fraction and excess extracellular fluid, i.e. oedema. The model suggests that the proportional increase in absolute Na+ content and concentration due to different degrees of oedema is higher than the parallel increase in water content, thus making Na+ a more sensitive index to detect this oedema.
Our model would explain some of the recent findings of high tissue Na+ content in pathological conditions. More importantly, it prompts the reappraisal of tissue Na+ analysis from being a topic of niche interest to a potential diagnostic tool with broad applicability in the investigation of subclinical systemic and localized oedema.
Impact of a dedicated multidisciplinary meeting on the management of superficial cancers of the digestive tract
Authors: Dermine Solène , Barret Maximilien , Prieux Caroline , Ribière Sophie , Leblanc Sarah , Dhooge Marion , Brezault Catherine , Abitbol Vered , Terris Benoit , Beuvon Frédéric , Rouquette Alexandre , Dousset Bertrand , Gaujoux Sébastien , Soyer Philippe , Dohan Anthony , Bibault Jean-Emmanuel , Coriat Romain , Prat Frédéric , Chaussade Stanislas 
Published: December 2018

Abstract
Background The recent development of endoscopic resection for superficial gastrointestinal cancers could justify the need for a dedicated oncological multidisciplinary meeting (MDM). The aim of our study was to evaluate the impact of the dedicated MDM on the management of superficial cancers of the digestive tract.
Methods A dedicated MDM was developed at our tertiary referral center. A retrospective review of the MDM conclusions for all patients referred from March 2015 to March 2017 was performed. Outcomes measurements were the outcomes of endoscopic resection, and the concordance rate between the MDM recommendations, European Society of Gastrointestinal Endoscopy (ESGE) guidelines, and final patient management.
Results In total, 153 patients with a median age of 69 years were included. Half of the patients had major comorbidities. The mean lesion size was 25 mm, and R0 and curative resection rate were 73.9 % and 56.9 %, respectively. Forty-three patients had an indication for surgery after endoscopic resection. The concordance rate between ESGE guidelines and MDM recommendation was 92.2 %, and 12 patients did not receive the treatment recommended due to comorbidities.
Conclusion A MDM dedicated to superficial tumors helped tailor the ESGE guidelines to each patient in order to avoid unnecessary surgery.
Limited Walking Abilities and Impaired Ankle Dorsiflexion Function in Children After Intense Cancer Treatment
Authors: Oschwald Vanessa , Prokop Aram , Boehme Jonas , Gressler Nadja , Harscheidt Felicitas , Maas Volker , Bloch Wilhelm , Baumann Freerk T. , Daeggelmann Julia 
Published: December 2018

Abstract
Background With improved survival rates in pediatric oncology, the detection of adverse side- and late-effects is gaining increased interest. This cross-sectional study investigated walking abilities and ankle dorsiflexion function in children with cancer.
Patients Study participants included 16 children with various cancers (4–20 years, patient group) after completion of the intense treatment and 16 age- and gender-matched healthy peers (comparison group).
Method Walking speed (10-meter-walking-test, treadmill test assessing preferred transition speed), walking capacity (2-minute-walk-test), walking balance (Timed-Up-And-Go-Test), active/passive ankle dorsiflexion range of motion (ROM) (goniometer) and ankle dorsiflexion strength (hand-held dynamometer) were comprehensively assessed.
Results Significant lower values in the patient group were found for walking capacity, maximum walking speed, ankle dorsiflexion ROM and strength. No significant differences between the groups were found for preferred walking speed and walking balance.
Discussion Limited walking abilities and ankle dorsiflexion dysfunctions are prominent in children with cancer; having the potential to impact children’s community mobility and physical activity.
Conclusions To provide holistic care, the development of specific supportive strategies such as exercise interventions and its translation into clinical practice needs to be accelerated.
Femoral Intramedullary Alignment in Total Knee Arthroplasty: Indications, Results, Pitfalls, Alternatives, and Controversies
Authors: Bono Olivia J. , Olcott Christopher W. , Carangelo Robert , Jamison James P. , Tigges Russell G. , Talmo Carl T. , Bono James V. 
Published: December 2018

AbstractWhile femoral intramedullary alignment has been found to be the most accurate and reproducible method for proper femoral component orientation in total knee arthroplasty, certain situations preclude the use of intramedullary alignment, such as ipsilateral long-stem total hip arthroplasty, femoral shaft deformity (congenital or post-traumatic), capacious femoral canal, and retained hardware. These cases require alternative alignment guides, that is, extramedullary alignment. The purpose of this study was to determine the accuracy of intramedullary alignment in reproducing the femoral anatomic axis. Using 35 adult cadaveric femora without obvious clinical deformity, and 7 with proximal prosthetic devices blocking the passage of an intramedullary guide, the accuracy of the guide rod was assessed both anatomically and radiographically. In the seven femora with proximal femoral devices, the guide rod could not be completely seated, resulting in a greater degree of flexion of the guide rod compared with the mechanical axis of the femur, and a greater degree of varus compared with the anatomical axis, as compared with 35 femora without obvious deformity. In cases where seating of the intramedullary guide rod is either incomplete or impossible, extramedullary femoral guides allow more accurate determination of the distal femoral cut by referencing directly from the mechanical axis, that is, the center of the femoral head. We present case studies as examples of indications for use of an extramedullary femoral guide. In addition, we demonstrate two different techniques for extramedullary femoral alignment using fluoroscopic guidance in cases incompatible with intramedullary alignment.
On the syntax-discourse interface of nonsententials in Mandarin
Authors: Jheng Wei-Cherng Sam 
Published: December 2018

AbstractThis paper aims to develop the empirical and theoretical basis for the necessity of motivating a cartographic approach (Rizzi 1997;Cinque 1999) to the clausal structure of nonsententials (NSs) in Mandarin. Especially noteworthy about NSs is that they are able to encode clause type information, illocutionary force and the discourse rolesspeakerandhearer/addressee, though their structure is considerably reduced. Following the line of reasoning inSigurðsson & Maling (2012)and Tsai (2015a,2015b), I show that NSs have a fully-fledged CP structure, according to the effects exerted upon their interpretation. AdoptingHaegeman’s (2014)sa*P analysis of the discourse particle in West Flemish, I argue that NSs contain a suprasentential structure, a Speech Act layer, dominating ForceP and responsible for the encoding of thespeaker- hearer/addresseerelation sensitive to the immediate context. Crucially, it is argued that the discourse properties surrounding NSs pertain to the articulated CP structure of NSs. The major consequence of the proposed analysis is to show that the theory of discourse is closely tied to the architecture of grammar in general, adding weight to the view that the transparent syntax-discourse mapping results from a set of functional projections layered in the CP periphery.
Lower Systolic Blood Pressure and Cardiovascular Event Risk Stratified by Renal Resistive Index in Hospitalized Cardiovascular Patients: J-VAS Study
Authors: Kotruchin Praew , Hoshide Satoshi , Ueno Hiromi , Komori Takahiro , Kario Kazuomi 
Published: December 2018

Abstract

BACKGROUND
The threshold of blood pressure (BP) reduction in cardiovascular patients is debatable due to the J-shaped curve phenomenon, which is particularly observed in patients with increased arterial stiffness. The renal resistive index (RRI) correlates well with systemic arterial stiffness; therefore, we aimed to demonstrate the role of RRI in guiding the choice of optimal BP.

METHODS
A retrospective analysis of prospectively collected data of the hospitalized cardiovascular patients at Jichi Medical University Hospital. All patients had the RRI measurement performed and were assigned to a higher (RRI ≥ 0.8) or lower RRI group. Each group was subdivided by quartiles of the BP at discharge. The primary endpoints were fatal and nonfatal cardiovascular events, including heart failure, acute coronary syndrome, acute aortic disease, acute arterial occlusion, and stroke.

RESULTS
The mean follow-up period was 1.9 years (3,365 person-years), n = 1,777 (mean age 64.7 years). There were 252 cardiovascular events occurred, 24.0% and 12.2% in the higher and lower RRI populations, P &lt; 0.001. In the higher RRI group, the lowest systolic BP (SBP) quartile (&lt;105 mm Hg) was a risk factor for cardiovascular events when compared with the highest SBP quartile (≥130 mm Hg; adjusted hazard ratio, 2.42; 95% confidence interval, 1.17–5.03; P = 0.017). A 1 SD decrease of SBP (17.5 mm Hg) was associated with a 25% increase in the risk of cardiovascular events. In the lower RRI group, these associations were not observed.

CONCLUSIONS
Lower SBP at discharge was associated with a risk of cardiovascular events in the hospitalized cardiovascular patients with RRI ≥ 0.8.
The Surgical Treatment of Adult Acquired Buried Penis Syndrome: A New Classification System
Authors: Hesse Madison A , Israel Jacqueline S , Shulzhenko Nikita O , Sanchez Ruston J , Garland Catharine B , Siebert John W , Bentz Michael L , Williams Daniel H , Poore Samuel O 
Published: December 2018

Abstract

Background
Adult acquired buried penis syndrome may be associated with an inability to void, sexual dysfunction, and recurrent infection. Previously published classification systems rely on intraoperative findings, such as penile skin quality.

Objectives
The purpose of this study was to evaluate outcomes after adult acquired buried penis repair and to develop a classification system based on preoperative assessment.

Methods
The authors reviewed data from patients who underwent buried penis reconstruction at a single institution. Patient history and physical examination guided the development of a classification system for surgical planning.

Results
Of the 27 patients included, the mean age was 56 ± 15 years and mean body mass index was 49 ± 14 kg/m2. Patients were classified into 4 groups based on examination findings: (I) buried penis due to skin deficiency, iatrogenic scarring, and/or diseased penile skin (n = 3); (II) excess abdominal skin and fat (n = 6); (III) excess skin and fat with diseased penile skin (n = 16); and (IV) type III plus severe scrotal edema (n = 2). Surgical treatment (eg, excision and grafting, mons suspension, panniculectomy, translocation of testes, and/or scrotectomy) was tailored based on classification. Complications included wound breakdown (n = 3), cellulitis (n = 4), and hematoma (n = 1). Nearly all patients (96%) reported early satisfaction and improvement in their symptoms postoperatively.

Conclusions
Classifying patients with buried penis according to preoperative examination findings may guide surgical decision-making and preoperative counseling and allow for optimized aesthetics to enhance self-esteem and sexual well-being.

Level of Evidence: 4
miR+Pathway: the integration and visualization of miRNA and KEGG pathways
Authors: Pian Cong , Zhang Guangle , Gao Libin , Fan Xiaodan , Li Fei 
Published: December 2018

Abstract
miRNAs represent a type of noncoding small molecule RNA. Many studies have shown that miRNAs are widely involved in the regulation of various pathways. The key to fully understanding the regulatory function of miRNAs is the determination of the pathways in which the miRNAs participate. However, the major pathway databases such as KEGG only include information regarding protein-coding genes. Here, we redesigned a pathway database (called miR+Pathway) by integrating and visualizing the 8882 human experimentally validated miRNA-target interactions (MTIs) and 150 KEGG pathways. This database is freely accessible at http://www.insect-genome.com/miR-pathway. Researchers can intuitively determine the pathways and the genes in the pathways that are regulated by miRNAs as well as the miRNAs that target the pathways. To determine the pathways in which targets of a certain miRNA or multiple miRNAs are enriched, we performed a KEGG analysis miRNAs by using the hypergeometric test. In addition, miR+Pathway provides information regarding MTIs, PubMed IDs and the experimental verification method. Users can retrieve pathways regulated by an miRNA or a gene by inputting its names.
Uterine microbiome—low biomass and high expectations†
Authors: Garcia-Grau Iolanda , Simon Carlos , Moreno Inmaculada 
Published: December 2018

AbstractThe existence of different bacterial communities throughout the female reproductive tract has challenged the traditional view of human fetal development as a sterile event. There is still no consensus on what physiological microbiota exists in the upper reproductive tract of the vast majority of women who are not in periods of infection or pregnancy, and the role of bacteria that colonize the upper reproductive tract in uterine diseases or pregnancy outcomes is not well established. Despite published studies and advances in uterine microbiome sequencing, some study aspects—such as study design, sampling method, DNA extraction, sequencing methods, downstream analysis, and assignment of taxa—have not yet been improved and standardized. It is time to further investigate the uterine microbiome to increase our understanding of the female reproductive tract and to develop more personalized reproductive therapies, highlighting the potential importance of using microbiological assessment in infertile patients.
Differential effects of internal tagging depending on depth treatment in Atlantic salmon: a cautionary tale for aquatic animal tag use
Authors: Wright Daniel W , Stien Lars H , Dempster Tim , Oppedal Frode 
Published: December 2018

AbstractElectronic tags are widespread tools for studying aquatic animal behavior; however, tags risk behavioral manipulation and negative welfare outcomes. During an experiment to test behavioral differences of Atlantic salmon Salmo salar in different aquaculture cage types, including ones expected to elicit deeper swimming behavior, we found negative tagging effects depending on whether cages were depth-modified. In the experiment, data storage tags implanted in Atlantic salmon tracked their depth behavior and survival in unmodified sea-cages and depth-modified sea-cages that forced fish below or into a narrow seawater- or freshwater-filled snorkel tube from a 4 m net roof to the surface. All tagged individuals survived in unmodified cages; however, survival was reduced to 62% in depth-modified cages. Survivors in depth-modified cages spent considerably less time above 4 m than those in unmodified cages, and dying individuals in depth-modified cages tended to position in progressively shallower water. The maximum depth that fish in our study could attain neutral buoyancy was estimated at 22 m in seawater. We calculated that the added tag weight in water reduced this to 8 m, and subtracting the tag volume from the peritoneal cavity where the swim bladder reinflates reduced this further to 4 m. We conclude that the internal tag weight and volume affected buoyancy regulation as well as the survival and behavior of tagged fish. Future tagging studies on aquatic animals should carefully consider the buoyancy-related consequences of internal tags with excess weight in water, and the inclusion of data from dying tagged animals when estimating normal depth behaviors.
Signal or cue: the role of structural colors in flower pollination
Authors: Garcia Jair E , Shrestha Mani , Howard Scarlett R , Petersen Phred , Dyer Adrian G 
Published: December 2018

AbstractAngle dependent colors, such as iridescence, are produced by structures present on flower petals changing their visual appearance. These colors have been proposed to act as signals for plant–insect communication. However, there is a paucity of behavioral data to allow for interpretations of how to classify these colors either as a signal or a cue when considering the natural conditions under which pollination occurs. We sampled flowers from 6 plant species across various viewpoints looking for changes in the visual appearance of the petals. Spectral characteristics were measured with different instruments to simulate both the spectral and spatial characteristics of honeybee’s vision. We show the presence of color patches produced by angle dependent effects on the petals and the calyx of various species; however, the appearance of the angle dependent color patches significantly varies with viewpoint and would only be resolved by the insect eye at close distances. Behavior experiments with honeybees revealed that pollinators did not use angle dependent colors to drive behavior when presented with novel flower presentations. Results show that angle dependent colors do not comply with the requirements of a signal for plant–pollinator communication since the information transmitted by these colors would be unreliable for potential, free-flying pollination vectors. We thus classify angle dependent colors produced by micro- and ultra-structures as being a cue (a feature which has not evolved for communication), and observe no evidence supporting claims of these angle dependent colors having evolved as visual signal.
Calcium imaging, MEA recordings, and immunostaining images dataset of neuron-astrocyte networks in culture under the effect of norepinephrine
Authors: Bar El Yasmin , Kanner Sivan , Barzilai Ari , Hanein Yael 
Published: December 2018

Abstract

Background
Monitoring the activity and morphology of neuron-astrocyte networks in culture is a powerful tool for studying dynamics, structure, and communication in neuron-astrocyte networks independently or as a model of the sub-brain network. These cultures are known to produce stereotypical patterns of activity, e.g., highly synchronized network bursts resembling sleep or seizure states, thus it enables the exploration of behaviors that can relate to brain function and disease. High-resolution microscopy of calcium imaging combined with simultaneous electrical recording provides a comprehensive overview on the network's dynamics. This setup makes it possible to apply global perturbations of electrical and chemical stimulation on the cultures during the recording task and to record the effects on network activity on-line. Morphological changes in the cultures can be obtained to have a complete dataset for structure-function study of neuron-astrocyte networks in vitro.

Findings
The 4 TB of data presented here was recorded and imaged as part of an accompanying study looking at in vitro structure-function of neuron-astrocyte networks. Simultaneous optical (calcium imaging) and electrical (micro-electrode array) recordings lasted 5–12 minutes and included spontaneous activity recording, electrical and chemical stimulation of neuron-astrocyte, and isolated astrocyte cultures. The data include activity recordings of 58 different cultures, with 1–2 regions of interest recorded for each culture. Production procedures, experimental protocols, and reuse options are included. The data have been suitable to reveal changes in the activity and morphology of the cultures and enabled observation and analysis of neuron-astrocyte and isolated astrocyte culture behaviors under the applied perturbations.

Conclusions
Our dataset is sufficient to show significant changes in activity and morphology of neuron-astrocyte networks in culture under the applied stimulations. More than 100 recordings of 58 different cultures give insight of the observation's significance and led to conclusions about astrocyte activity and neuron-astrocyte network communication. Making it available here will allow others to test new tools for calcium imaging analysis and extracellular neuronal voltage recordings.
The Bad Can Be Good: When Benign and Malicious Envy Motivate Goal Pursuit
Authors: Salerno Anthony , Laran Juliano , Janiszewski Chris 
Published: December 2018

AbstractBenign and malicious envy are a consequence of an unfavorable upward comparison to another individual (i.e., a negative self-other discrepancy). Benign (malicious) envy occurs when people believe the envied individual deserves (does not deserve) his/her advantage. Prior research has shown that benign envy motivates a person to address the self-other discrepancy via self-improvement, whereas malicious envy does not. This research shows that both types of envy, not just benign envy, can motivate self-improvement, provided that the opportunities to do so occur outside the envy-eliciting domain. Benign envy increases the accessibility of the belief that effort determines whether people are rewarded; hence, it motivates process-focused goal pursuit and the use of products that emphasize effort-dependent self-improvement. Malicious envy increases the accessibility of the belief that the effort does not determine whether people are rewarded; hence, it motivates outcome-focused goal pursuit and the use of products that emphasize effort-independent self-improvement. Implications and potential extensions in the areas of envy, self-conscious emotions, and goals are discussed.