bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Problematic risk-taking involving emerging technologies: A stakeholder framework to minimize harms
Authors: Swanton Thomas B. , Blaszczynski Alex , Forlini Cynthia , Starcevic Vladan , Gainsbury Sally M. 
Published: September 2019

Background and aims: Despite the many benefits of technological advancements, problematic use of emerging technologies may lead to consumers experiencing harms. Substantial problems and behavioral addictions, such as gambling and gaming disorders, are recognized to be related to Internet-based technologies, including the myriad of new devices and platforms available. This review paper seeks to explore problematic risk-taking behaviors involving emerging technologies (e.g., online gambling and gaming, online sexual behaviors, and oversharing of personal information via social networking sites) that have the potential to lead to problematic outcomes for individuals.Results and discussion: Previous research has focused on policy frameworks for responding to specific issues (e.g., online gambling), but a broader framework is needed to address issues as they emerge, given lags in governments and regulators responding to dynamically evolving technological environments. In this paper, key terms and issues involved are identified and discussed. We propose an initial framework for the relative roles and responsibilities of key stakeholder groups involved in addressing these issues (e.g., industry operators, governments and regulators, community groups, researchers, treatment providers, and individual consumers/end users).Conclusion: Multidisciplinary collaboration can facilitate a comprehensive, unified response from all stakeholders that balances individual civil liberties with societal responsibilities and institutional duty of care.
Overcoming the unitary exploration of binge-watching: A cluster analytical approach
Authors: Flayelle Maèva , Maurage Pierre , Karila Laurent , Vögele Claus , Billieux Joël 
Published: September 2019

Background and aimsBinge-watching (i.e., watching multiple episodes of a TV series in one session) has recently become standard practice among TV series viewers; this expansion generates concerns regarding the potential negative outcomes associated with this habit. However, the investigation of its psychological correlates remains fragmentary, with few initial studies a priori conceptualizing this behavior as a new addictive disorder. This study explored these psychological correlates using cluster analysis of binge-watching behavior based on three key psychological factors: motivations, impulsivity, and emotional reactivity.MethodsAn online survey was completed by 4,039 TV series viewers. Data were analyzed using hierarchical and non-hierarchical cluster analyses, the validity of the clusters being finally determined through mutual comparisons with a selection of external correlates.ResultsFour clusters were identified: recreational TV series viewers (presenting low involvement in binge-watching), regulated binge-watchers (moderately involved), avid binge-watchers (presenting elevated but non-problematic involvement), and unregulated binge-watchers (presenting potentially problematic involvement associated with negative outcomes).Discussion and conclusionsThis study underlines the heterogeneous and multidetermined nature of binge-watching. Our findings suggest that high engagement in binge-watching is distinct from problematic binge-watching, thus reinforcing the notion that conceptualizing binge-watching as an addictive disorder is of low relevance and might actually lead to the overpathologization of this highly popular leisure activity.
Electro-assisted ammonium persulfate activation to promote the introduction of N and S into TiO2 film: Enhancing its photoelectrocatalytic performance under solar
Authors: Li Changxin , Liu Yan , Zhang Yanzong , Long Lulu , Shen Fei , Yang Gang , Zhang Xiaohong , He Yan , Wang Lilin , Deng Shihuai 
Published: September 2019

Abstract
PENANAMAN POHON SEBAGAI UPAYA MENJAGA CADANGAN AIR TANAH DAN MENCEGAH BAHAYA EROSI DI KECAMATAN CIBIRU
Authors: Harisman Kundang , Frasetya Budy , Sudrajat Adjat , Birnadi Suryaman , Sholeha Maratun 
Published: September 2019

Land use conversion in to settlements and agricultural land affect rainwater can not be infiltrate directly in to the soil. Cibiru District has large area with slope so that this region has high risk of erosion. Soil and water conservation activity through tree planting methode involving comunity services is startegic effort to overcome potential erosion hazzard and increase soil infiltration. The activity of Community services was held from July-August 2018 in Palasari sub-district which has slope 8-15%. This community services methode used in the form of tree planting workshop and supervision during the manintenance periode. This tree planting program was welcomed enthusiastically by the community. The comunity in Cibiru District is pro active in preservation trees, especially during the dry season.
Autism and Vaccinations: Does Google side with Science?
Authors: ERDEN Semih , NALBANT Kevser , FERAHKAYA Hurşit 
Published: September 2019

AbstractBackground/Aims: Genetic and environmental factors are thought to
play a role in the etiology of autism spectrum disorder. Studies on vaccination
from environmental factors strongly suggest that there is no relationship
between vaccine and autism development. However, a part of society still
believes that vaccines lead to autism. In this study, it is aimed to
investigate the distribution and reliability of the articles on the internet
which is the first place that families apply to be informed about this subject.
In this study, we searched "autism vaccine" phrase in Google’s
version for Turkey.Methods: In this study, we searched "autism
vaccine" phrase in Google’s version for Turkey. The information on each
web site was grouped as true, false and contradictory. We used the JAMA score,
a standard indicator of health information quality, to assess the basic
reliability index of the article. The JAMA score takes into account whether a
website declares an author, the date of writing, financial ownership and
whether the information is supported by references.Results: A total of 124 websites were listed as a result
of this search. When irrelevant and inaccessible sites were removed, 102 web
pages were evaluated. 76 (74.5%) of the results were correct, 20 (19.6%) were
wrong and 6 (5.9%) were contradictory. No significant difference was found
between the total JAMA scores of the websites with true-false information.
However, the JAMA score of the correct information was higher. No significant
relationship was found between the accuracy of the information and the ranking
of the sites. However, six of the top ten results were true, three were false,
and one contained contradictory information.Conclusions: These results show that the correct information
is not listed primarily in the top positions and the information about autism
and vaccination is in a similar distribution. It is important that the internet
environment is closely monitored by scientists because of the information
affecting the vaccination.
The principle of reasonableness in civil law
Authors: Konovalov A. V. 
Published: September 2019

In the article, the author substantiates the conclusion that the reasonableness of behavior of a subject of civil law is expressed in his aspiration, while exercising his rights and performing his duties, to commensurate his behavior with common sense, general perceptions of prudence and economic feasibility, rights and legally protected interests of other participants of relations regulated under civil law.Based on the analysis of legislation and practice of its application, the author comes to the conclusion that the main objectives of the principle of reasonableness in civil law include: encouragement of participants of relations regulated under civil law to behave responsibly and conscientiously; establishment of the presumption of compensatory nature and equivalence of the scope of considerations provided for under obligations arising in civil law relations; enforcement of the application of adequate measures of civil liability in case of default on or improper performance of obligations, etc.
Approaches to arbitrability determination: arbitrability, jurisdiction and competence correlation
Authors: Eremin V. V. 
Published: September 2019

The paper considers the issues of such a phenomenon as arbitrability, as well as its correlation with the categories of jurisdiction and competence. The study of arbitrability is relevant in the light of the resonant practice of the Supreme Court of the Russian Federation on issues of arbitrability of certain categories of disputes that has been taking place in recent years. Arbitrability is a relatively new term in domestic science and practice. Although it has received quite a wide resonance, it still not implemented in domestic regulatory legal acts. The author attempts to determine arbitrability, as well as considers existing approaches and views on arbitrability. Foreign and domestic doctrinal views on arbitrability are divided, as well as various understandings of this phenomenon. An important aspect is the differentiation of competence, jurisdiction and arbitrability. The need for diligent work to create and develop “rules of arbitrability” and “elements of arbitrability” at the legislative level is noted. The author notes that arbitrability is also a process of research by the arbitration or court of the elements that make it up.
Ecological zoning of the territory: problems of definition and legal regulation
Authors: Shchepanskiy I. S. , Zhigailo K. V. 
Published: September 2019

The paper examines the approaches to environmental zoning of territories presented in legal acts and legal doctrine, the relationship with the zones with special conditions for the use of territories used in urban planning legislation. The general approaches to determining the types of territories and zones, in relation to which a special regime of nature management and protection is established, are analyzed.The following main ecological zones with a special regime of conservation and environmental management are identified: specially protected natural territories, health-improving places and resorts, nature protection zones around water bodies, sanitary protection and security zones, zones around a source of ionizing radiation, zones of ecological disaster, emergency situations, flooding, underflood, etc. In addition, the land use regime is affected by land categories and the established type of permitted use.A brief outline of the requirements for ensuring the openness and accessibility of information about each of these territories and their legal regulation is given.The authors conclude that the legal acts regulating this sphere are fragmented and that there is no integrated approach to their establishment. General recommendations are given on optimizing legal regulation in this area.
Gibberellik Asit Ön Uygulamasına Tabi Tutulmuş Triticale (x Triticosecale Wittmack)’ de Tuz (NaCl) Stresinin Çimlenme Üzerine Etkisi
Authors: ORAL Erol , ALTUNER Fevzi , TUNÇTÜRK Ruveyde , BARAN İshak 
Published: September 2019

Bu araştırma, tritikale (x Triticosecale Wittmack) tohumlarına çimlenme öncesi uygulanan
GA3’ün tuzlu koşullarda çimlenme ve ilk gelişme dönemi üzerine etkilerinin
incelenmesi amacıyla yürütülmüştür. Araştırmada Mikham-2002 tritikale çeşidine
dört farklı GA3(0, 100, 200 ve 300 ppm) ve tuz (0, 50, 100 ve 200 mM NaCl)
konsantrasyonu uygulanmıştır. Deneme, Tesadüf Parselleri Deneme Deseni’ ne göre
faktöriyel düzende 4 tekerrürlü olarak kurulmuştur. Araştırmada çimlenme gücü
(%), çimlenme oranı (%), çimlenme indeksi (%), ortalama çimlenme süresi (gün),
hassaslık indeksi (%), kök uzunluğu (cm), gövde uzunluğu (cm), kök yaş ve kuru ağırlığı (mg), gövde yaş ve kuru ağırlığı
(mg) değerleri incelenmiştir. Araştırmanın sonucuna göre artan tuz dozlarının
tritikale (x Triticosecale Wittmack)’
çimlenme ve büyüme parametrelerini engellediği tespit edilmiştir. Artan GA3(Giberellik asit) dozlarının, tuz stresi altındaki tritikale tohumlarının
çimlenme ve büyüme parametreleri üzerine üzerine olumlu ve önemli etki yaptığı
görülmüştür. Tritikale tohumunda en iyi çimlenme özellikleri 300 ppm giberellik
asit + 0 mM (kontrol) tuz kombinasyonundan elde edilmiştir.
Combustion Analysis of Biodiesel Derived from Bone Marrow in a Diesel Generator at Low Loads
Authors: ERDOĞAN Sinan , BALKİ Mustafa Kemal , SAYIN Cenk 
Published: September 2019

In this
study, biodiesel was produced from bone marrow by transesterification method.
The vast majority of animal bones cannot be collected and recycled. This
experimental study was carried out to incorporate unused resources in the
economy. In this study, the effects of biodiesel produced from bone marrow on
combustion characteristics of diesel engine were investigated. The B20 (mixing 20% of biodiesel and 80%
diesel) and diesel (D2) were used as fuel in the tests. The tests were carried out at constant speed
(1500 rpm) and different engine loads (20% and 40% of the maximum power output)
of a diesel engine with direct injection, four-cylinder, and four-stroke. The combustion characteristics of the engine, such as
cylinder gas pressure, heat release rate, cumulative heat release, and mean gas
temperature were determined using combustion analysis software (FEBRIS) under
3.6 and 7.2 kW loads. The maximum points
of cylinder gas pressures have been very close in both fuels (D2, B20) at the
3.6 kW power output. The peak pressure of the B20 raised with the
increase of the engine load. The oxygen in the content and higher cetane number
of the biodiesel has raised the peak point of the heat release rate.
Semi-Heyting Algebras and Identities of Associative Type
Authors: Cornejo Juan M. , Sankappanavar Hanamantagouda P. 
Published: September 2019

An algebra A = ⟨A, ∨, ∧, →, 0, 1⟩ is a semi-Heyting algebra if ⟨A, ∨, ∧, 0, 1⟩ is a bounded lattice, and it satisfies the identities: x ∧ (x → y) ≈ x ∧ y, x ∧ (y → z) ≈ x ∧ [(x ∧ y) → (x ∧ z)], and x → x ≈ 1. 𝒮ℋ denotes the variety of semi-Heyting algebras. Semi-Heyting algebras were introduced by the second author as an abstraction from Heyting algebras. They share several important properties with Heyting algebras. An identity of associative type of length 3 is a groupoid identity, both sides of which contain the same three (distinct) variables that occur in any order and that are grouped in one of the two (obvious) ways. A subvariety of 𝒮ℋ is of associative type of length 3 if it is defined by a single identity of associative type of length 3.
In this paper we describe all the distinct subvarieties of the variety 𝒮ℋ of asociative type of length 3. Our main result shows that there are 3 such subvarities of 𝒮ℋ.
A Multicenter Randomized Controlled Trial Evaluating the Effectiveness of Cognitive Training for Anterior Approach Total Hip Arthroplasty
Authors: Logishetty Kartik , Gofton Wade T. , Rudran Branavan , Beaulé Paul E. , Gupte Chinmay M. , Cobb Justin P. 
Published: September 2019

Background:
For total hip arthroplasty (THA), cognitive training prior to performing real surgery may be an effective adjunct alongside simulation to shorten the learning curve. This study sought to create a cognitive training tool (CTT) to perform anterior approach (AA)-THA, which was validated by expert surgeons, and test its use as a training tool compared with conventional material.

Methods:
We employed a modified Delphi method with 4 expert surgeons from 3 international centers of excellence. Surgeons were independently observed performing THA before undergoing semistructured cognitive task analysis (CTA) and before completing successive rounds of surveys until a consensus was reached. Thirty-six surgical residents (postgraduate year [PGY]-1 through PGY-4) were randomized to cognitive training or training with a standard operation manual with surgical videos before performing a simulated AA-THA.

Results:
The consensus CTA defined THA in 11 phases, in which were embedded 46 basic steps, 36 decision points, and 42 critical errors and linked strategies. This CTA was mapped onto an open-access web-based CTT. Surgeons who prepared with the CTT performed a simulated THA 35% more quickly (time, mean 28 versus 38 minutes) with 69% fewer errors in instrument selection (mean 29 versus 49 instances), and required 92% fewer prompts (mean 13 versus 25 instances). They were more accurate in acetabular cup orientation (inclination error, mean 8° versus 10°; anteversion error, mean 14° versus 22°).

Conclusions:
This validated CTT for arthroplasty provides structure for competency-based learning. It is more effective at preparing orthopaedic trainees for a complex procedure than conventional materials, as well as for learning sequence, instrumentation utilization, and motor skills.

Clinical Relevance:
Cognitive training combines education on decision-making, knowledge, and technical skill. It is an inexpensive technique to teach surgeons to perform hip arthroplasty and is more effective than current preparation methods.
Musculoskeletal Infection in Pediatrics
Authors: Cooper Alexus M. , Shope Alexander J. , Javid Mahzad , Parsa Ali , Chinoy Muhammad Amin , Parvizi Javad 
Published: September 2019

Abstract:
The Second International Consensus Meeting (ICM) on Musculoskeletal Infection was held in July 2018 in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania. This meeting involved contributions from an international multidisciplinary consortium of experts from orthopaedic surgery, infectious disease, pharmacology, rheumatology, microbiology, and others. Through strict delegate engagement in a comprehensive 13-step consensus process based on the Delphi technique, evidence-based consensus guidelines on musculoskeletal infection were developed. The 2018 ICM produced updates to recommendations from the inaugural ICM that was held in 2013, which primarily focused on periprosthetic infection of the hip and the knee, and added new guidelines with the expansion to encompass all subspecialties of orthopaedic surgery. The following proceedings from the pediatrics section are an overview of the ICM consensus recommendations on the prevention, diagnosis, and treatment of pediatric musculoskeletal infection.
Reducing preterm mortality in eastern Uganda: The impact of introducing low-cost bubble CPAP on neonates &lt;1500g
Authors: Okello Francis , Egiru Emmanuel , Ikiror Juliet , Acom Linda , Loe Kate SM , Olupot-Olupot Peter , Burgoine Kathy 
Published: September 2019

Abstract
Background:
Complications of prematurity are the leading cause of deaths in children under the age of five.The predominant reason for these preterm deaths is respiratory distress syndrome (RDS). In low-income countries (LICs) there are limited treatment options for RDS. Due to their simplicity and affordability, low-cost bubble continuous positive airway pressure (bCPAP) devices have been introduced in neonatal units in LICs to treat RDS. This study is the first observational study from a LIC to compare outcomes of very-low-birth-weight (VLBW) neonates in pre- and post-CPAP periods.

Methods:
This was a retrospective study of VLBW neonates (weight <1500 grams) in Mbale Regional Referral Hospital Neonatal Unit (MRRH-NNU), a government hospital in eastern Uganda. It aimed to measure the outcome of VLBW neonates in two distinct study periods: A 14-month period beginning at the opening of MRRH-NNU and covering the period until bCPAP was introduced (pre-bCPAP) and an 18-month period following the introduction of bCPAP (post-bCPAP). After the introduction of bCPAP, it was applied to preterm neonates with RDS when clinically indicated and if a device was available. Clinical features and outcomes of all neonates <1500g were compared before and after the introduction of bCPAP.

Results:
The admission records of 377 VLBW neonates <1500g were obtained. 158 were admitted in the pre-bCPAP period and 219 in the post-bCPAP period. The mortality rate in the pre- bCPAP period was 39.2% (62/158) compared with 26.5% (58/219, P =0.012) in the post-bCPAP period. Overall, there was a 44% reduction in mortality (OR 0.56, 95%CI 0.36-0.86, P = 0.01).There were no differences in birthweight, sex, presence of signs of respiratory distress or apnoea between the two groups.

Conclusion:
Specialized and resource-appropriate neonatal care, that appropriately addresses the challenges of healthcare provision in LICs, has the potential to reduce neonatal deaths.The use of a low-cost bCPAP to treat RDS in VLBW neonates resulted in a significant improvement in their survival in a neonatal unit in eastern Uganda. Since RDS is one of the leading causes of neonatal mortality, it is possible that this relatively simple and affordable intervention could have a huge impact on global neonatal mortality.
Comparison of Conservative and Operative Treatment of Jones Fracture
Authors: Demel Jiri , Planka Ladislav , Stichhauer Radek , Pleva Leopold 
Published: September 2019

Abstract
Background: A Jones fracture is a transverse fracture of the V. metatarsal bone, without significant dislocation in the diaphysis junction and metaphyseal metaphysis. This type of fracture is usually associated with a minimal injury mechanism, and is characterized with minimal swelling, absence of hematoma and prolonged healing. The aim of the presented study was to compare the surgical and conservative therapy of Jones fracture. The study was registered in the www.clinicaltrials.gov database, under the ClinicalTrials.gov ID: NCT04037540 on 27th July 2019. Methods: A total of 27 study subjects were randomized into two groups – Conservative (K): 12, and Operational (O): 15. The study subjects were followed after 6 and 12 weeks using X-ray and the American Orthopedic Foot and Ankle Score (AOFAS). In the absence of X-ray signs of healing and low AOFAS score in Group K, treatment was considered unsuccessful and the patient was indicated for surgical treatment. Results: Five patients in Group K showed no signs of healing on X-ray after 12 to 6 weeks. These patients also manifested poor AOFAS scores and were indicated for surgical treatment and excluded from the study. Fracture failure was observed in seven patients. Their AOFAS scores were at the least satisfactory and, the patients continued in conservative therapy. After 12 weeks, 6 patients manifested fracture healing on X-ray and the AOFAS score of 100. In one patient who refused surgery, the fracture was not healed after 12 weeks. In Group O, seven patients achieved fracture healing on X-ray after 6 weeks, 8 patients did not show fracture healing. The average AOFAS score after 6 weeks was 97 (excellent). After 12 months, 13 patients showed findings of fracture healing on X-ray. The average AOFAS score was 100 points (maximum). Conclusions: The results of the study show that 1) Surgical treatment leads to significantly faster signs of healing on X-ray than the conservative one 2) After six weeks of surgery, 93% (14 out of 15) of patients are able to fully load the limb. Keywords: Jones - Fracture - AOFAS - Herbert screw Unique protocol ID: FNO-KUCH-01-Jones