bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
ФРАНЦУЗСКИЕ КАТОЛИКИ И СССР(ПО МАТЕРИАЛАМ ЕЖЕНЕДЕЛЬНИКА «СЕТ»)
Authors: Д.В. Шмелёв 
Published: December 2024

В статье рассматривается реакция французского еженедельника «Сет», издававшегося доминиканцами, на события, происходившие в СССР в 1930-е гг. Автор описывает специфику позиции католиков в отношении русской революции и советского опыта. На страницах еженедельника находили отражение вопросы антирелигиоз-ной политики в СССР, проблемы семьи, детства и материнства, культурные проекты советской власти, законодательство, репрессии, внешняя политика. В 1930-е гг. «Сет», представлявший умеренный спектр французского католического общественного мнения, служил местом притяжения для католических интеллектуалов, отражал линию, проводимую французской католической иерархией в отношении коммунизма и СССР, занимал позицию, близкую к левым католикам.
The article examines the reaction of the French weekly “Sept”, published by the Dominicans, to the events that took place in the USSR in the 1930s. The author describes the position of the Catholics with regard to the Russian revolution and the Soviet experience. The focus is on anti-religious policy in the USSR, the problems of the family, childhood and motherhood, cultural projects of the Soviet government, legislation, repression, foreign policy, which were reflected in the pages of the weekly. In the 1930s, the “Sept”, representing a moderate spectrum of French Catholic public opinion, served as a place of attraction for Catholic intellectuals, reflected the line pursued by the French Catholic hierarchy towards communism and the USSR, took a position close to the left-wing Catholics.
ЧАУНСКАЯ КУЛЬТУРНАЯ БАЗАСОВЕТСКИЙ ПРОЕКТ И ЕГО РЕАЛИЗАЦИЯ
Authors: Л.Н. Хаховская 
Published: December 2024

Автор освещает деятельность Чаунской культурной базы (культбазы), работавшей на Чукотке в 1933–1940 гг. Автор рассматривает теоретические основания проекта культурных баз. Идея проекта опиралась на народнические взгляды этнографов и чиновников Комитета Севера и имела комплексную гуманитарную направленность. На примере работы Чаунской культбазы автор показывает практическую реализацию проекта, вскрывает причины его неэффективности. Автор делает вывод, что культбазы Севера оказались в ситуации двойного зажима. С одной стороны, они испытывали давление повседневной реальности, которая не совпадала с первоначальными представлениями и планами. С другой стороны, местные органы власти оказывали сильный нажим на культбазы, контролировали их работу и навязывали свою политическую линию. Основную критику вызывала неспособность культбазы активно проводить коллективизацию оленеводов.
The author examines the activities of the Chaun cultural base (kultbaza), which operated in Chukotka in 1933–1940. The author considers the theoretical bases of the cultural bases project. The idea of the project was based on the populist views of ethnographers and officials of the North Committee and had a complex humanitarian focus. On the example of the work of Chaun cultural base, the author shows the practical implementation of the project, reveals the reasons for its inefficiency. The author concludes that the cultural bases in the North were in a situation of double clamping. On the one hand, they experienced the pressure of everyday reality, which did not coincide with the original ideas and plans. On the other hand, local administrations exerted strong pressure on the cultural bases, controlled their work and imposed their political line. Chain kultbaza could not actively collectivize reindeer herders, and therefore was heavily criticized.
ВДАЛИ ОТ РОДИНЫ. К 150-ЛЕТИЮ В. А. МЯКОТИНА
Authors: Е.А. Новикова 
Published: December 2024

Статья представляет одну из первых попыток изучения жизни и творчества выдающегося русского историка и политика В.А. Мякотина, в 1922 г. высланного из России из-за оппозиции Октябрьской революции. В СССР его работы были неизвестны. Автор приводит некоторые факты о жизни, научной и политической деятельности В.А. Мякотина во время его ссылки, в частности о том, что он основал Русский Научный институт и Русский Исторический архив в Праге, опубликовал научные труды и учебные издания по социальной истории Древней Руси и Украины, а также около 30 статей, посвященных различным сюжетам истории России и ее судьбе после революции. В.А. Мякотин преподавал в Софийском университете и опубликовал сравнительное исследование по русской и болгарской истории.
This article represents one of the first attempts to study the life and works of the outstanding Russian historian and politician Myakotin. Since he was exiled from Russia in the late 1922 by the Bolsheviks, for the reason of opposing the October revolution, his legacy remained completely unknown in the Soviet time. The author of the article tries to fill the gap by examining different aspects of Myakotin’s academic and political activities during the period of the exile. Elena Novikova collected some interesting facts about Myakotin’ s work of this time. For example, he founded the Russian Scientific Institute as well as established the Russian Historical Archives in Prague. The historian published many literary works along with textbooks on the social history of Ukraine and ancient Russia. He also lectured at the Sophia University and wrote a comparative study of Russian and Bulgarian history etc. Besides, the author points to the fact that Myakotin published ca 30 articles dedicated to different subjects concerning Russia and its post-revolutionary fate.
К 110-ЛЕТИЮ ВТОРОЙ ГААГСКОЙ КОНФЕРЕНЦИИ МИРА
Authors: С.И. Чернявский 
Published: December 2024

Сто десять лет назад по инициативе России в Гааге собралась вторая международная конференция мира, в ходе которой было принято 10 конвенций относительно законов и обычаев войны, заложивших основу системы международного гуманитарного права. Она стала логическим продолжением конференции 1899 года, также созванной по инициативе России, на которой были установлены общие правила третейского и мирного разбирательства столкновений между державами, а также принят ряд постановлений и «пожеланий» относительно ведения военных действий. В статье анализируются причины созыва этих международных форумов и их значение для мирового сообщества.
One hundred and ten years ago, at the initiative of Russia, the Second International Peace Conference was held in The Hague. It adopted 10 conventions on the laws and customs of war that laid the foundation for the system of international humanitarian law. It became a logical continuation of the 1899 conference, also convened at the initiative of Russia, which established general rules for the peaceful settlement of clashes between the powers, as well as a number of resolutions and “wishes” for conducting military operations. The article analyzes the reasons for convening these international forums and their significance for the world community. Keywords: peace conference, international humanitarian law, settlement of armed conflicts, Hague peace conventions
ПРОБЛЕМА ЗЛА В СОВРЕМЕННЫХ ИССЛЕДОВАНИЯХФИЛОСОФИИ ПЛОТИНА
Authors: Н.П. Волкова 
Published: December 2024

В статье дан критический обзор исследовательской литературы XX и XXI вв. по проблеме зла в философии Плотина. Показано, как менялся подход к изучению этой темы. Сначала работы имели более описательный, чем критический характер. Затем, благодаря трудам Джона Риста и Дениса О’Брайена ситуация в корне изменилась: несмотря на присутствие явных противоречий в текстах Плотина (что является причиной зла – материя или душа?), начались поиски единой непротиворечивой доктрины зла в его философии. Выявлена присущая почти всем исследованиям последних лет тенденция демонстрировать то, что материя-зло является порождением индивидуальных душ, а не Мировой души, потому что такой поворот темы снимает проблему теодицеи.
The article gives a critical review of research studies of the 20th and 21th centuries dedicated to the problem of evil in Plotinus’ philosophy. The changes in the approach to this topic are explored. It is shown that first studies had more descriptive than critical character. Then, due to the works of John Rist and Denis O’Brian the situation has changed: despite obvious contradictions seen in the texts of Plotinus (what is the cause of evil: matter or soul?), the scholars started looking for a one consistent doctrine of evil’s emergency. Common tendency of all contemporary studies is defined to demonstrate that evil-matter is a result not of the World Soul, but of the individual souls. Due to this interpretation the difficulties related to theodicy in Plotinus’ system were removed.
The new map of Argentine population exposed to arsenic in drinking water
Authors: Duarte Leandro , De Gracia Laura , Montico Sergio , Oliva Alejandro 
Published: December 2024

ABSTRACT
This study aims to evaluate the population exposed to arsenic in Argentina, proposing a key risk indicator. By employing specific criteria selection, a systematic search of the published evidence on arsenic content in drinking water samples at the provincial level was carried out. Considering the limit recommended by the WHO – 10 μg/L – representativeness of evidence was calculated, as well as the percentage of exposed population (PEP) to high levels of arsenic. For this research, 61 useful publications were found and included in the analysis. They provide relevant data for 50% of the provinces, which represent 70% of the national population. The use of the PEP index, to denote the ‘percentage of population exposed’ to high arsenic, is proposed as a summary variable, to homogenize the information in the country, and in this way give it comparative value. Information has been systematized and variables identified that may be useful for analysis in eco-epidemiological studies, detailing the current situation of publications of arsenic in drinking water in Argentina.
Cornus mas (Cornelian Cherry) Exerts Neuroprotective Effects on
Cerebral Ischemia/Reperfusion Injury via Anti-inflammatory and
Antioxidant Properties
Authors: Asgharzade Samira , Ameri Masih , Anjomshoa Maryam 
Published: December 2024

Background:
Stroke is one of the most important causes of mortality and disability in the
world. Over 80% of strokes are ischemic, resulting from blockages in cerebral arteries. Increasing
evidence suggests that enriching the diet with nutritional antioxidants could decrease brain damage
and enhance cognitive function. Cornelian cherry has anti-inflammatory and antioxidant properties
and is introduced as a potential source of active ingredients, like anthocyanins, vitamin C, phenolic
compounds, and minerals.

Objective:
Our research study aimed to evaluate the neuroprotective impact of Cornus mas L. (cornelian
cherry) on a rat model of Cerebral Ischemia/Reperfusion Injury (CIRI).

Methods:
Middle cerebral artery blockage induced CIRI for 60 minutes. After inducing CIRI, intraperitoneal
injections of Cornus mas Extract (CME) were administered for 14 days in a dosedependent
manner (30, 60, and 120 mg/kg body weight). The effects of CME on learning and
memory recovery were evaluated using a shuttle box behavioral test.
Two weeks following CIRI, several factors of oxidative stress, such as nitrite (NO2-), Ferric ion
Reducing Antioxidant Power (FRAP), and Malondialdehyde (MDA), were measured in the hippocampal
tissues and serum. Anti-inflammatory genes, such as miR-125b, and the target genes (TNF-α
and iNOS) were evaluated via real-time PCR assay. Additionally, neural damage in the CA1 and
CA3 regions of the hippocampus was assessed using Hematoxylin and Eosin (H&E) staining.

Results:
The avoidance time in the shuttle-box behavior test supported our finding that CME exhibited
improved fear memory. Furthermore, it increased the CA1 and CA3 hippocampal post-stroke
pyramidal cell layers. Levels of NO2- and MDA were decreased, and FRAP was considerably increased
in both the hippocampus and serum by CME. Additionally, CME increased miR-125b expression,
while modulating TNF-α and iNOS production in the hippocampal regions.

Conclusion:
Based on our findings, we can conclude CME to possess antioxidant and antiinflammatory
properties, which confer neuroprotective potential against CIRI, thereby protecting
neurons from ischemic death.
Review of Tracheotomy Auxiliary Device Patents
Authors: Bao Yudong , Zhang Di , Tang Junhong 
Published: December 2024

Background:
Tracheotomy is a surgical technique in which the trachea in the front of the
neck is cut to construct an artificial airway. Bypassing blockage or lesions in the upper airway, this
opening permits oxygen provision and carbon dioxide exhalation straight through the trachea. A
more profound comprehension of the pathophysiologic role of the airway has made tracheotomy a
crucial component of treatment for several illnesses. Medical devices used both during and after a
tracheotomy are known as auxiliary devices for tracheotomies. These devices, which include dilators,
cannulas, plugging devices for cannulas, and immobilization devices, ensure the procedure is
completed safely and the patient recovers quickly.

Objective:
This paper aims to identify the key issues, summarize the many tracheotomy auxiliary
device constructions in recent years, and serve as a resource for researchers working on related topics.

Methods:
Assess and evaluate the benefits and drawbacks of the tracheotomy auxiliary devices covered
by the patents filed in the last several years and identify areas for development.

Results:
This patent research examines the shortcomings of current tracheotomy auxiliary devices
and speculates about future directions for their advancement.

Conclusion:
Although they are challenging to use, the tracheotomy auxiliary devices now in use
provide good stability and dependability. Enhancing the mechanical structure of tracheotomy auxiliary
devices and strengthening clinical trials for various patient populations and intricate surgical settings
are essential improvements. Furthermore, pertinent patents for auxiliary equipment used in
tracheotomies have not yet been created.
Analysis of Flood Incidents in Manado City due to Rainfall Fluctuations (Case Study of the Tondano Watershed), Indonesia
Authors: Mananoma Tiny , Ratu Yosua Aditya , Moningka Frederiko Marchiano Imanuel 
Published: December 2024

Background
Fluctuating rainfall intensity refers to the fluctuations or variations in the pattern of rainfall intensity over time in a certain area. This encompasses changes in intensity, duration, frequency, and spatial distribution of rainfall intensity occurring within a specific time frame.

Objective
This study investigates the fluctuation of rainfall and its relationship with flood occurrences in Manado City, particularly in the Tondano Watershed Area (DAS Tondano).

Methods
Average and maximum rainfall data are utilized to analyze recurring flood patterns.

Results
The analysis indicates that average rainfall intensity > 21.79 mm and cumulative rainfall > 52.64 mm, maximum rainfall intensity > 64 mm, and cumulative rainfall > 99.10 mm serve as threshold points for the onset of floods in Manado City.

Conclusion
Recommendations are made for continuous rainfall data collection in the Tondano Watershed area, especially Manado City, to support more effective flood control planning. The conclusions drawn from this analysis provide valuable insights into understanding and addressing flood risks in the region.
Exploring the Anti-melanogenic, Antioxidant, and Anti-inflammatory Activities of A Composition: Glabridin, Resveratrol and Ellagic Acid
Authors: Huang Jie , Xie Chong , Pan Zhi , Lin Mengya , Chen Qingsheng , Gong Shengzhao , Huang Yadong 
Published: December 2024

Background:
Plant extracts have wide applications in food, nutrition, and cosmetics,
which results in a deeper investigation of natural ingredients. Numerous natural ingredients have
been demonstrated to exhibit multiple activities, including antioxidation, anti-inflammation, and
anti-melanogenesis. However, their combinations have not been well investigated, which could
provide stronger performance with less toxicity and easier applications.

Methods:
We used B16F10 cells treated with alpha-melanocyte stimulating hormone (αMSH)
for melanogenesis-related studies, including cellular melanin content, tyrosinase activity, and
gene or protein expression. MTT assay was used to evaluate cell viability. DPPH scavenging
activity was measured for antioxidation. Nitric oxide (NO) content was evaluated in lipopolysaccharide
(LPS) treated RAW264.7 cells to indicate the performance on anti-inflammation.

Results:
In this study, six different compounds and their combinations were tested for melanogenesis.
The results showed that the combination of glabridin, resveratrol, and ellagic acid
(GRE) exhibited the highest efficiency, which was mainly manifested as inhibition of melanin
production and tyrosinase activity, higher DPPH scavenging rate, and inhibition of nitric oxide
(NO) production. Meanwhile, our results showed that GRE could significantly downregulate the
expression of microphthalmia-associated transcription factor (MITF) related genes and proteins
and could also inhibit the phosphorylation of cyclic AMP response element-binding protein
(CREB), which was the upstream signal of MITF.

Conclusion:
The results suggest GRE exhibits high efficiency in inhibiting anti-melanogenesis,
antioxidation, and anti-inflammation. Furthermore, GRE could downregulate the phosphorylation
of the CREB and MITF signal pathway, which provides a theoretical basis for its application
in pigmentation disorder disease and cosmetics.
Pengaruh Dosis Herbisida Pratumbuh Pendimethalin terhadap Gulma, Pertumbuhan, dan Hasil Kedelai (<i>Glycine max</i> (L.) Merrill)
Authors: Ayuningtyas Sekar , Respatie Dyah Weny , Kastono Dody 
Published: December 2024

Aplikasi herbisida pratumbuh pendimethalin digunakan untuk mengendalikan gulma rumputan dan daun lebar pada pertanaman kedelai. Herbisida ini bekerja dengan cara mematikan biji-biji gulma atau gulma yang baru berkecambah. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui efektivitas, dosis dan dampak penggunaan herbisida pendimethalin dalam mengendalikan gulma pada budidaya kedelai. Penelitian ini dilaksanakan pada bulan Oktober 2021 – Januari 2022 di Kebun Tri Dharma Pertanian UGM, Banguntapan, Bantul, Daerah Istimewa Yogyakarta. Penelitian ini menggunakan Rancangan Acak Kelompok Lengkap (RAKL) faktor tunggal yaitu dosis herbisida yang terdiri dari enam aras yaitu 0 l/ha, 0,5 l/ha, 1 l/la, 2 l/ha, 3 l/ha dan 3,5 l/ha, diulang sebanyak tiga kali sebagai blok. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa pendimethalin efektif pada perlakuan 3 l/ha karena mampu menekan dominansi gulma rumputan selama periode penanaman kedelai. Aplikasi pendimethalin tidak berpengaruh nyata terhadap komponen hasil kedelai. Hasil analisis regresi menunjukkan bahwa dosis pendhimetalin 1,9 l/ha mampu memberikan hasil biji paling tinggi.
Pengaruh Pemberian Tepung Kunyit Dalam Ransum Yang Mengandung Bawang Hitam Terhadap Retensi Lemak Kasar Ayam Broiler
Authors: Hasan M Aqmal Aprilla , Marpaung Rifqi Nadela , Nurhayati Nurhayati , Nelwida Nelwida , Berliana Berliana 
Published: December 2024

Latar Belakang: Kualitas nutrisi dari bahan makanan ternak merupakan salah satu faktor yang sangat utama dalam penggunaan dan pemilihan bahan pakan ternak . Salah satu penentu kualitas bahan pakan atau ransum adalah dengan melihat retensi zat makanan, yaitu seberapa banyaknya zat makanan tersebut tertahan dalam tubuh, upaya untuk memperbaiki dan mengoptimalkan retensi zat makanan dengan cara menambahkan pakan tambahan berupa tepung kunyit dan bawang hitam. Tujuan: Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk melihat pengaruh penggunaan tepung kunyit dalam ransum yang mengandung bawang hitam terhadap retensi lemak kasar pada ayam broiler. Metode: Penelitian ini menggunakan 200 ekor DOC Broiler strain MB 202 yang didesain menggunakan Rancangan Acak Lengkap (RAL) dengan 5 perlakuan dan 4 ulangan. Perlakuan yang diberikan terdiri P0 = 100% Ransum komersil (Kontrol), P1 = P0 + 3% bawang hitam, P2 = P1 + 0,5% tepung kunyit, P3 =P1 + 1% tepung kunyit, P4 = P1 + 1,5% tepung kunyit. Peubah yang diamati didalam penelitian ini yaitu retensi bahan kering, retensi bahan organik, dan retensi lemak kasar. Data diolah menggunakan analisis ragam dan pengaruh yang nyata dilanjutkan dengan uji jarak berganda Duncan. Hasil: Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa penggunaan tepung kunyit dalam ransum yang mengandung bawang hitam nyata meningkatkan (P<0,05) konsumsi bahan kering dan konsumsi bahan organik namun berpengaruh tidak nyata (P>0,05) terhadap ekskresi dan retensi bahan kering, ekskresi dan retensi bahan organik, serta konsumsi, ekskresi dan retensi lemak kasar. Kesimpulan: Dari hasil penelitian ini dapat disimpulkan bahwa penggunaan tepung kunyit sampai level 1,5% dalam ransum yang mengandung 3% Bawang hitam dapat digunakan tanpa mempengaruhi retensi lemak kasar atau lemak kasar yang tertahan didalam saluran pencernaan.
Respon Fisiologis Ayam KUB dari Penambahan Probiotik Rayakemo dalam Air Minum
Authors: Siregar Rahmat Martua , Sari Devi Kumala , Fati Nelzi 
Published: December 2024

Latar Belakang: Probiotik Rayakemo (ragi tape, yakult, air kelapa tua dan molases) memiliki mikroorganisme yang menguntungkan seperti Lactobacillus casei dan Saccharomyces yang dapat memberikan manfaat kesehatan bagi inangnya. Tujuan: Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui pengaruh penambahan dan dosis terbaik probiotik Rayakemo dalam air minum terhadap persentase bobot limpa, hati, jantung, usus halus dan panjang usus halus ayam KUB. Metode: Penelitian ini dilaksanakan selama dua bulan, dari Maret hingga Mei, di kandang ayam Politeknik Pertanian Negeri Payakumbuh. Sebanyak 100 ekor ayam KUB digunakan tanpa memisahkan jenis kelamin dan dibagi secara acak ke dalam 20 unit percobaan, dengan setiap unit terdiri dari 5 ekor ayam KUB. Ayam-ayam tersebut dipelihara selama 8 minggu dan data dikumpulkan pada minggu ke-8 saat panen. Metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah metode RAL (Rancangan Acak Lengkap) dengan 4 perlakuan dan 5 ulangan. Masing-masing perlakuan yaitu: A: air minum tanpa probiotik Rayakemo, B: 3% probiotik Rayakemo + air minum, C: 6% probiotik Rayakemo + air minum dan D: 9% probiotik Rayakemo + air minum. Hasil: Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa penambahan probiotik Rayakemo dalam air minum tidak berpengaruh nyata (P>0,05) terhadap persentase bobot limpa, hati, jantung, usus halus dan panjang usus halus ayam KUB. Kesimpulan: Penambahan probiotik Rayakemo dalam air minum tidak berpengaruh nyata terhadap organ limpa, hati, jantung, bobot usus halus dan panjang usus halus. Penambahan probiotik Rayakemo dalam air minum sampai 9% dapat ditoleransi broiler terhadap organ limpa, hati, jantung, bobot usus halus dan panjang usus halus.