bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Aldehyde Directed In Situ Loading of Ag Nanodots Around the Open Metal Sites of MOFs for the Tandem Catalysis of Nitrate to Ammonia
Authors: Zhang Yuting , Ma Jiahao , Wang Biwen , Lv Anqi , Zhang Qiuyu , Zhuo Sifei 
Published: November 2024

AbstractBoth spatial arrangement and intrinsic activity of electrocatalysts with dual‐active sites are widely designed to match the coupling reaction between nitrate and water, in which most of the reactive intermediates can be optimized to achieve a high yield rate of ammonia. Herein, by introducing the aldehyde group inside metal‐organic frameworks (MOFs) in advance, an aldehyde‐induced method is achieved to direct the in situ nucleation of Ag nanodots depending on the mesopores of MOFs via a simple silver mirror reaction. The key point here is that the spatial arrangement between the aldehyde group and open metal sites is fixed end to end, which makes the aldehyde group a built‐in redox‐active site to drive the in situ nucleation of Ag nanodots next to the open metal sites of MOFs. Accordingly, by varying the metal sites of MOFs, a group of M‐MOFs@Ag (M = Fe, Co, Ni, Cu, etc.) hybrids with dual active sites are acquired. Taking Ni‐MOFs@Ag as an example, the interaction between Ni2+ and Ag sites makes it available for the tandem catalysis of nitrate‐to‐ammonia, in which the H· and NO2− generated on the open Ni2+ sites and Ag nanodots, respectively, can migrate to each other to evolve into ammonia.
Advancing Topoisomerase Research Using DNA Nanotechnology
Authors: Yesodi Doron , Katz Adi , Weizmann Yossi 
Published: November 2024

AbstractIn this Perspective, the use of DNA nanotechnology is explored as a powerful tool for studying a family of enzymes known as topoisomerases. These enzymes regulate DNA topology within a living cell and play a major role in the pharmaceutical field, serving as anti‐cancer and anti‐bacterial targets. This Perspective will provide a short historical overview of the methods employed in studying these enzymes and emphasizing recent advancements in assays using DNA nanotechnology. These innovations have substantially improved accuracy and expanded the understanding of enzyme activity. This perspective will showcase the versatile utility of DNA nanotechnology in advancing scientific knowledge and its application in exploring new drug candidates, particularly in the study of topoisomerase enzymes.
Bayesian Learning Aided Theoretical Optimization of IrPdPtRhRu High Entropy Alloy Catalysts for the Hydrogen Evolution Reaction
Authors: Huang Linke , Gariepy Zachary , Halpren Ethan , Du Li , Shan Chung Hsuan , Yang Chuncheng , Chen Zhi Wen , Singh Chandra Veer 
Published: November 2024

AbstractThe complex compositional space of high entropy alloys (HEAs) has shown a great potential to reduce the cost and further increase the catalytic activity for hydrogen evolution reaction (HER) by compositional optimization. Without uncovering the specifics of the HER mechanism on a given HEA surface, it is unfeasible to apply compositional modifications to enhance the performance and save costs. In this work, a combination of density functional theory and Bayesian machine learning is used to demonstrate the unique catalytic mechanism of IrPdPtRhRu HEA catalysts for HER. At high coverage of underpotential‐deposited hydrogen, a d‐band investigation of the active sites of the HEA surface is conducted to elucidate the superior catalytic performance through electronic interactions between elements. At low coverage, a novel Bayesian learning with oversampling approach is then outlined to optimize the HEA composition for performance improvement and cost reduction. This approach proves more efficacious and efficient and yields higher‐quality structures with less training set bias compared with neural‐network optimization. The proposed HEA optimization theoretically outperforms benchmark Pt catalysts’ overpotential by ≈40% at a 15% reduced synthesis cost comparing to the equiatomic ratio HEA.
Voiding sonography: Technical description of a novel ultrasound method for assessment of micturition in women
Authors: Dellar Bernadette , Chung Eric , Stafford Ryan , Hodges Paul W. 
Published: November 2024

AbstractVoiding sonography (VS) is a novel non‐invasive method that can be used to assess micturition in real time. When performed in a functional seated position and combined with free uroflowmetry, detailed evaluation of voiding can be conducted. VS presents advantages over current invasive assessment methods such as urodynamics. This methodological paper describes the rationale; advantages and disadvantages of VS; participant preparation; technique; a practical approach to obtain the video/image (including transducer placement to achieve an assessment of voiding with minimal obstruction of urine flow); recommended machine and transducer specifications; and the potential usefulness of ultrasound measurements. These measurements might provide information regarding the function of the pelvic floor muscle and urethral dynamics during voiding. Measures assessed with VS can also provide information regarding urine storage. In summary, VS is a new method to assess female voiding. Future work should evaluate the potential utility of the method to evaluate characteristics and mechanisms for voiding dysfunction in females with a variety of relevant clinical conditions. Use of VS as a screening tool before and after surgical or non‐surgical treatment intervention may also be a future consideration to assess progress and provide feedback to clinicians and patients.
Template Attack Based on the Weighted Quadruple Residual Network
Authors: Zhu Lei , Chen Anjie , Dong Liang 
Published: November 2024

ABSTRACTTemplate attack, as a classic side‐channel attack method, has attracted extensive attention due to its ease of deployment and small number of hyperparameters. However, traditional template attacks (TA) suffer from high preprocessing complexity and poor performance in certain masked applications. To address these issues, this paper proposes a novel template attack method leveraging a weighted quadruple residual network. Specifically, we improve the quadruple network model by assigning different weights to the negative samples selected by the model, which balances the influence of the samples on the model's feedback. Aiming at the fact that the quadruple network ignores the label characteristics of samples in the side‐channel, the distance metric in the quadruple network model is improved, which can help the model select more suitable samples. The residual network designed in this paper enables the quadruplet network model to reduce feature dimensionality, thereby facilitating more effective analysis attacks in TA. Experimental results demonstrate a notable reduction in leaked traces required by the optimized template attack on the synchronous ASCAD dataset, achieving a 62.5% decrease compared to an advanced template attack scheme. On the AES_HD dataset, the energy trace needed for a successful attack diminishes by 46.5% in comparison to the advanced template attack scheme.
The Promise of Resistance: A New Lens for Climate Change Adaptation Research and Practice
Authors: Mills‐Novoa Megan , Mikulewicz Michael 
Published: November 2024

ABSTRACTOver the years, thousands of climate change adaptation projects have been implemented globally. While there has been substantial scholarship on the extent and nature of adaptation efforts, fewer studies have examined why and how adaptation projects are being resisted. An analysis of resistance to adaptation offers critical insights to scholars and practitioners by recognizing the contentious nature of adaptation pathways and highlighting alternative visions for adaptation. Drawing on 20 case studies identified through a systematic review of the literature, we identify nine insights for research and practice. First, there is little literature on resistance to adaptation, suggesting that it is being underreported. Second, resistance to adaptation is not an anomaly, spanning sectors, actors, and geographies. Third, resistance to adaptation initiatives often has little to do with climate change skepticism. Fourth, the modes and outcomes of resistance are creative and diverse. Fifth, the state plays a critical, but not uniform, role in adaptation and thus resistance. Sixth, formal participation mechanisms can accommodate, neutralize, or facilitate resistance to adaptation. Seventh, the diverse goals of resistance reflect the multiplicity of imagined adaptation futures. Eighth, resistance is generative of material outcomes and novel subjectivities. Ninth, resistance can be costly, fracturing, and ineffective. This review highlights the need to further investigate resistance to climate change adaptation, which should be seen as a site of political struggle between different conceptions of what adaptation is and should be. It also provides insights for identifying maladaptation and pathways toward more emancipative forms of adaptation.
Presence of trailers reduces culvert‐style trap success in American black bears (Ursus americanus)
Authors: Paton Rebecca A. , Frame Paul F. , Nielsen Scott E. , Miller Erin N. , Edwards Mark A. 
Published: November 2024

AbstractLive capture is an important tool for wildlife research, conservation, and management as it allows for insight into movement, behavior, demographics, diet, and health of wildlife populations. Live capture is also used for conservation translocations or to remove animals from human‐wildlife conflict situations. Improving trapping efficiency is beneficial for ethical considerations of wildlife handling, human safety, and the best use of limited resources. American black bears (Ursus americanus) are often captured using traps. Culvert‐ and box‐style traps are frequently transported using a trailer, and some are affixed to trailers, elevating the trap from the ground. Traps can be set on the ground or on trailers to reduce the set‐up and take‐down times. Although trap elements such as length, height, and visibility can influence trapping efficiency, it is unknown whether trailer presence influences capture success. We assessed the influence of single‐axle trailer presence on capture success of trapping black bears in northeastern Alberta, Canada, during spring 2022 and 2023. We compared capture success between the 2 methods and the influence of trailer presence on age and sex class. Sixty traps were set for a total of 472 trap‐nights resulting in 133 captures of 80 individual bears. Traps set with trailers present required, on average, 1.6 times more trap‐nights per capture (4.9) than those set without trailers (3.1). When only considering new captures, traps with trailers present required 1.9 times more trap‐nights to capture a bear, at 8.5 trap‐nights/capture for traps on trailers and 4.5 trap‐nights/capture when trailers were absent. Trailer presence reduced the success of overall and initial bear captures but did not influence recapture success or the proportion of captured bear age and sex classes. We conclude that wildlife researchers and managers should consider improving trap efficiency of black bears by removing traps from trailers.
‘The Past Is Unforgettable’: Civil Procedural Law’s Response to the Challenges of Pseudo-Modern Society and Economy in Hungary After 2010
Authors: Timár Balázs 
Published: November 2024

AbstractIn this chapter I want to look at civil procedural law from a legal history perspective. My aim is to present one of the flagships of the post-2010 procedural reform, the Code of Civil Procedure, in a legal-historical context. In this context, I will describe the characteristics of pseudo-conservative legislation, with a focus on the merging of substantive and procedural law, and on dogmatic anomalies that not only theory but also practice have to face. In my view, knowledge of legal history can also bring us closer to understanding the presumed intentions of the legislator and to interpreting the resulting legislation. In this context, I will examine the process of what I call procedural law reform, after reviewing the legal and taxonomic antecedents. In the context of the latter, I will present the problems of pseudo-conservative legislation and the contradictions of legal historicism through the fundamental provisions of the Code. Also in this chapter, I intend to illustrate the consequences of centralisation and the abolition of special courts through the way in which labour courts were abolished. The chapter will conclude with a comparative and introspective evaluation of the new law.
Resilience Thinking: Emergence, Conceptualisations, and Applicability in Social Systems and Law
Authors: Goto Erik , Lőrincz Viktor Olivér 
Published: November 2024

AbstractThis chapter delves into the origin of ‘resilience thinking’ and how it evolved from ecology to be used in social sciences. While widely used, resilience lacks a unified definition, manifesting differently within disciplines. Resilience theory has evolved into a tool for analysing complex interactions in socio-ecological systems, and such an interdisciplinary approach calls for complex systems thinking. However, its application in social sciences faces challenges due to conceptual ambiguities, normative assumptions, and difficulties defining system boundaries. Despite these challenges, the paper suggests that resilience thinking could serve as a bridging concept, fostering interdisciplinary research and prompting critical reflections on societal dynamics. We also discuss the applicability of resilience theory and resilience models to the law as a complex system, presenting its notable limitations, analysing the possible advantages of the use of resilience as a scientific research programme, and emphasising the dangers of using it as a metaphor. Using the transfer of property as an example, we propose an alternative model of system response by the law in relation to external stimuli based on Jean Piaget’s theory of adaptation.
‘Eliminating Conservation’? The Re-Regulation of Hungarian Administrative Procedure in the Act on General Administrative Procedure
Authors: Balázs István , Gajduschek György , Hoffman István 
Published: November 2024

AbstractThe chapter analyses the resilience of the general rules of administrative procedural law in Hungary. Traditional doctrinal analysis, historical comparison and the sociology of legislation are applied to show the extent to which legislative transformation reflects the challenges of the socioeconomic environment after 2010. The chapter argues that the objectives declared by the legislator are not reflected properly in the legislative text. In the case of most of the legislative changes, neither the jurisprudential nor the sociological analysis can identify the expected positive impact. Legislative declarations concerning elevated public access or simplifications of the administrative procedure are in sharp contrast with the fact that, due to the reform of administrative procedure, review is inaccessible to the majority of clients. While the reform-related arguments that are officially put forward advertise the advantage of judicial legal protection, access to this and other forms of review is minimal; the advantage is not supported by statistical data.
Reflections on the Responsiveness of the Legal System in Hungary: From a Criminal Law Perspective
Authors: Tóth Mihály 
Published: November 2024

AbstractIn this chapter, which deals mainly with criminal law responses to the social and economic changes after 2010 in Hungary, I address three questions. After outlining the general situation of the Hungarian legal system and the role that criminal law should play, I will first examine the actual responses of criminal legislation in substantive provisions of the law to the criminal phenomena of the last decade; in the second part, I will look at the legislative responses in the field of procedural law; and finally, I will make some comments on a related issue, the relationship between the criminal law framework and responsiveness. I argue that criminal law has, in recent years, completely lost its rightly perceived ultima ratio character and has become an almost primary, but at the same time rather arbitrary, regulatory instrument in many areas.
Risks and Resilience in the European Union’s Regulation of Online Platforms and Artificial Intelligence: Hungary in Digital Europe
Authors: Mezei Kitti , Träger Anikó 
Published: November 2024

AbstractThe European Union is taking ambitious steps to strengthen regulation in the digital space as part of the Digital Agenda for Europe. As part of this, the digital services regulatory package (Digital Services Act and Digital Markets Act) has been adopted to define the responsibilities of digital platforms, control online content, protect users’ fundamental rights and promote competitiveness in the online space. In addition, an EU regulatory framework for artificial intelligence has been developed (AI Act), which supports a risk-based approach to regulate the technology. One common intersection of these regulations is to maintain transparency. The Digital Services Act aims to fight against filter bubbles and disinformation in social media, where online platforms also use algorithms to provide services. A new challenge in adapting to the accelerating technological development has been the COVID-19 pandemic, which has further increased the penetration of online service providers through mandatory distance and opened up a whole new platform for spreading fake news. The application of the new Digital Europe Regulations raises several questions. Still, these are complemented by application-specific areas for Hungary, such as how Hungarian authorities will act as national authorities or interpret ‘illegal content’ under the European legislation.
Study on Carbon Emission Data of Urban Buildings
Authors: Yang Chen , Yao Tong 
Published: November 2024

AbstractIn pursuit of global carbon peak and neutrality, precise carbon emission measurement using advanced management tools and technologies is crucial for effective urban carbon reduction and sustainable growth. We propose classifying building emissions into three distinct stages—construction, operation, and maintenance—by utilizing mathematical methods and Building Information Modeling (BIM) for separate calculation. Moreover, we recommend implementing an annual carbon emission management system tailored to each building.
Thermal and Optical Performance of Semi-Transparent BIPV Windows in High-Rise Office Buildings: A Case Study in the UK
Authors: Scibetta Joseph , Shi Shaohang , Du Hu , He Bao-Jie , Yang Siliang 
Published: November 2024

AbstractSemi-transparent building-integrated photovoltaic (BIPV) windows replace the external building glazing, allowing power to be generated as part of the existing building envelope. Due to the replacing of the BIPV windows, both thermal and optical performance of a building are worth exploring. This paper presents the results of a simulation study investigating the effects of applying BIPV windows to an existing office building within the UK, with a view to assessing the thermal performance, daylighting condition and BIPV electrical production capacity. It was considered on a typical floor of the office building, consisting of an open plan office space, two meeting rooms and a kitchen suite. A baseline scenario without BIPV window was modelled for comparison, giving recommendations to the viability of the BIPV window in terms of the overall performance. Basically, the use of the BIPV window resulted an annual cooling load reduction of 16.3% compared to the baseline. Heating loads were also reduced but only by 1.89%, while lighting energy usage was slightly increased due to a significantly worse performance in daylighting condition in the open plan office when applying the BIPV window. Specifically, daylight factor dropped over 50% in the office area, which, however, was already poor to begin with. The annual electricity generation of the BIPV window was little with only 902 kWh. This study can be a reference for future research on thermal and optical performance of high-rise office buildings using semi-transparent BIPV windows.
Analysis of Urban Planning and Construction for Regional Climate Change
Authors: Zhang Yue , Yang Yifeng , Ma Bingxia 
Published: November 2024

AbstractIn recent years, a series of regional extreme weather events has emerged due to global climate change, resulting in various adverse impacts on regional ecological environments, human activities, and urban development. Addressing regional climate change has attracted widespread attention. Enhancing a city's ability to adapt to regional climate change is a pressing topic that requires both research and practical solutions. This study is grounded in the trends of regional climate change and takes a macroscopic perspective to explore the strategies and methods for addressing regional climate change in Mianyang City. Drawing upon the urban planning practices in Mianyang City, it presents measures and strategies for tackling regional climate change from the perspectives of urban spatial development, land use, transportation systems, and the construction of green spaces. These recommendations serve as a scientific foundation for creating a living environment well-suited to regional climate change.
Open-Pit Image Detection Based on Improved Faster – RCNN
Authors: Huang Rujin , Wang Genhou , Tian Jiahao , Zhang Quanping 
Published: November 2024

AbstractRemote sensing image open-pit mine monitoring is usually affected by speckle noise, multi-scale and other factors due to the limitations of landform and other conditions, and faces the problem of low availability of monitoring area effect. Therefore, this paper introduces an improved regional convolution neural network method. The network thinning process and the improved conditional random field are proposed respectively as a circular neural network, and the accurate classification and coordinate positioning of the target are completed by establishing the network thinning process in the output part to increase the classification and regression thinning of the target features; Remove the influence of color vector for the fully connected conditional random field and improve it and construct a recurrent neural network for the conditional random field. The experiment shows that the target detection accuracy of the improved Faster-RCNN network has achieved a breakthrough in the mine image detection details, with the overall recognition accuracy of 94.67% and the detection speed of 24.03 fps. Compared with Faster-RCNN, SPP-NET and YOLOV7, it effectively improves the accuracy and provides technical support for ecological restoration monitoring of open pit.