bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Satellite telemetry reveals complex mixed movement strategies in ibis and spoonbills of Australia: implications for water and wetland management
Authors: McGinness Heather M. , Lloyd-Jones Luke R. , Robinson Freya , Langston Art , O’Neill Louis G. , Rapley Shoshana , Jackson Micha V. , Hodgson Jessica , Piper Melissa , Davies Micah , Martin John M. , Kingsford Richard , Brandis Kate , Doerr Veronica , Mac Nally Ralph 
Published: November 2024

AbstractWaterbird population and species diversity maintenance are important outcomes of wetland conservation management, but knowledge gaps regarding waterbird movements affect our ability to understand and predict waterbird responses to management at appropriate scales. Movement tracking using satellite telemetry is now allowing us to fill these knowledge gaps for highly mobile waterbirds at continental scales, including in remote areas for which data have been historically difficult to acquire. We used GPS satellite telemetry to track the movements of 122 individuals of three species of ibis and spoonbills (Threskiornithidae) in Australia from 2016 to 2023. We analysed movement distances, residency periods and areas, and foraging-site fidelity. From this we derived implications for water and wetland management for waterbird conservation. This is the first multi-year movement tracking data for ibis and spoonbills in Australia, with some individuals tracked continuously for more than five years including from natal site to first breeding attempt. Tracking revealed both inter- and intra-specific variability in movement strategies, including residency, nomadism, and migration, with individuals switching between these behaviours. During periods of residency, areas used and distances travelled to forage were highly variable and differed significantly between species. Sixty-five percent of identified residency areas were not associated with wetlands formally listed nationally or internationally as important. Tracking the movements of waterbirds provides context for coordinated allocation of management resources, such as provision of environmental water at appropriate places and times for maximum conservation benefit. This study highlights the geographic scales over which these birds function and shows how variable waterbird movements are. This illustrates the need to consider the full life cycle of these birds when making management decisions and evaluating management impacts. Increased knowledge of the spatio-temporal interactions of waterbirds with their resource needs over complete life cycles will continue to be essential for informing management aimed at increasing waterbird numbers and maintaining long-term diversity.
The levels of pattern-triggered immunity in the root and stembase of tomato cultivars positively correlate with the resistance to Ralstonia solanacearum
Authors: Ku Chiao-Yu , Guo Li-Ren , Cheng Feng-Chi , Kuo Chun-You , Karim Andre Fortunatus , Hardiansyah Muhammad Yusril , Chang Yu-Chuan , Chen Yi-Fan , Chung Ya-Yi , Cheng Chiu-Ping 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
Background
Bacterial wilt (BW), caused by Ralstonia solanacearum (Rs), is one of the most destructive diseases impacting a wide range of crops globally. The infection process is complex involving intricate interactions between the plant and Rs. Managing BW is challenging, and crop breeding remains the most effective strategy for disease control. Resistance to BW in crops is primarily associated with quantitative trait loci (QTLs), which are believed to correlate with the simultaneous activation of multiple defense mechanisms against pathogens. This study aimed to clarify the nature of BW resistance and determine whether pattern-triggered immunity (PTI) plays a role in this resistance.

Results
PTI can be triggered in tomato roots and stembases by an Rs hrpG− mutant and by the cell wall extract (PiCWE) from the root-infected beneficial fungus Piriformospora indica (Pi). Among tomato plants with varying resistance levels to Rs, BW-resistant (BWR) and moderate-resistant (BWMR) cultivars exhibited higher levels of root and stembase PTI in response to Rs hrpG− inoculation and PiCWE treatment than in BW-susceptible (BWS) cultivars. Additionally, BWR and BWMR cultivars showed enhanced leaf PTI after inoculation with a Pseudomonas syringae pv. tomato (Pst) hrcC− mutant. The BWR cultivar Hawaii 7996 (H7996) also demonstrated high tolerance to several leaf pathogens.

Conclusions
Efficient systems for the analyses of PTI responses in tomato roots, stembases and leaves in response to patterns derived from root-infected pathogenic and beneficial microorganisms have been established. The levels of PTI in roots, stembases, and leaves are positively correlated with BW resistance in tomato plants. The BWR cultivar H7996 also shows tolerance to various leaf pathogens. This study reveals a significant correlation between tomato PTI and resistance to Rs, provides valuable insights into the nature of BW resistance, and offers critical information for tomato breeding.
Target-controlled dialysis for antibiotics (TCD-ABx)
Authors: Dejaco Alexander , Dorn Christoph , Lier Constantin , Fleischmann Daniel , Kratzer Alexander , Habler Katharina , Paal Michael , Gruber Michael , Rosenberger Johanna , Kees Martin G. 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
Background
Effective antimicrobial therapy is an essential part of intensive care medicine and renal replacement therapy is an important and common intervention which significantly affects the pharmacokinetics of many antimicrobials. This is especially critical for substances with a narrow therapeutic range, creating a dilemma of weighing the risk of toxicity from increased drug exposure against risk of ineffective treatment and promotion of antimicrobial resistance. To address this problem, we investigate a target-controlled dialysis by in vitro experiments — a novel technique in which drug is spiked into the dialysis solution to make use of the physicochemical properties of renal replacement therapy for solute transport, with the goal to reduce the risk of inadequate drug exposure.

Methods
Five antibiotics (ceftazidime, meropenem, piperacillin/tazobactam, vancomycin, flucloxacillin) were dialyzed in an in vitro model of continuous veno-venous hemodialysis using 1 L of bovine serum albumin solution as simulated patient plasma compartment. This was done with and without antibiotics in target concentrations added to the dialysis solution, mimicking three clinically relevant scenarios: (i) target-controlled dialysis in a subject with sub-therapeutic drug levels, (ii) target-controlled dialysis in a subject with supra-therapeutic drug levels, and (iii) traditional dialysis of drugs starting at the target concentration. Drug levels were quantified by high-performance liquid chromatography. Additionally, the stability over 24 h of all antibiotics in two typical dialysis solutions was assessed.

Results
Our data shows that with target-controlled dialysis, antibiotic concentrations will change in the desired direction towards the target concentration, depending on the patients’ unbound drug levels in relation to the concentration in the dialysis solution. The desired target concentrations can be induced and maintained, regardless of the initial concentration. Furthermore, the stability tests revealed only a minor and clinically irrelevant loss in drug concentration (all < 10.2%) after 12 h.

Conclusions
We outlined the mechanistic plausibility and provided experimental evidence of the feasibility of the target-controlled dialysis concept, which could help to maintain therapeutic concentrations of many time-dependent antibiotics in critically ill patients under renal replacement therapy. The required stability in dialysis solutions was shown for a set of important antibiotics. The next step will be the prudent application of this concept to patients in clinical trials.
High-Risk Credit Borrowing Patterns: A Comparison of Cancer With Major Chronic Diseases
Authors: Hussaini S.M. Qasim , Pisu Maria , Rocque Gabrielle B. , Nicholas Lauren Hersch 
Published: November 2024

PURPOSE
Although financial toxicity from cancer care is well documented, how cancer and other high-mortality chronic diseases affect credit overuse and high-risk borrowing remains unknown.

METHODS
We retrospectively analyzed households in the 2012-2018 Health and Retirement Study. Outcomes included nonhousing financial debt and credit card debt. For homeowning households, outcomes also included access to a home equity line of credit (HELOC) and a loan against HELOC. Linear probability regression models compared changes in financial outcomes among households with new cancer diagnosis or major chronic diseases (diabetes, stroke, or heart disease) with those without health shocks. Analyses were stratified by wealth.

RESULTS

Among 14,188 households (age 68 years, 42% male, 21% Black, 13% Hispanic), 33% had financial debt, 26% had credit card debt, and 10% of homeowners used HELOC. Below-median wealth households were more likely to be Black or Hispanic. They were less likely to be headed by a female and to have college-level education. In these households, 22% had negative financial wealth (
v
0% for above-median wealth), and new cancer was associated with a 4.9 percentage point (PPT) increase in rates of financial debt (13.1% effect size;
P
= .03; 95% CI, 0.005 to 0.094) and a 3.9 PPT increase in HELOC use (65%;
P
= .04; 95% CI, 0.002 to 0.076) compared with households with no new health changes. Households developing major chronic diseases were 3.6 PPT more likely to develop financial debt (9.6%;
P
= .015; 95% CI, 0.007 to 0.065) without affecting HELOC use. Such differences disappeared in above-median wealth households.

CONCLUSION
Below-median wealth households with cancer incurred higher financial debt and refinanced their home more often compared with those without cancer, highlighting credit overuse and borrowing even in a fully insured population.
Postoperative Blood Pressure Goals After Craniotomy for Tumor Resection: A National Survey
Authors: Kelly Patrick D. , Gauhar Fatima , Kang KiChang , Kayne Allison , Bray David P. , Evans James J. 
Published: November 2024

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES:
Acute hypertension can occur in 90% of postcraniotomy patients for tumor resection, and 60% to 90% of patients require treatment with antihypertensive agents. Postoperative intracranial hemorrhage is a major driver of morbidity and mortality after craniotomy for tumor resection, and perioperative hypertension is believed to be a risk factor. Many neurosurgeons impose postoperative blood pressure (BP) goals to mitigate this risk, but there is little evidence to guide the selection of a specific target BP, leading to a wide variation in patient care. In this article, we have conducted a national survey to report the current practices regarding postoperative BP management.

METHODS:
We conducted a cross-sectional survey of academic neurosurgical programs by distributing a 10-item questionnaire to neurosurgical residents of each accredited national neurosurgical residency training program (n = 117). Responses were collected over 3 months, from July 2023 to September 2023. Analysis was performed at the program level; for programs with multiple responding residents, the responses of the senior residents were retained.

RESULTS:
Responses were received from 66 residents at 45 institutions. Forty-two programs set postoperative BP goals using systolic blood pressure (SBP) as a parameter, and 2 used mean arterial pressure. Among programs using an SBP goal, most programs kept a goal SBP of <140 mm Hg (41%-43% depending on the tumor type), followed by SBP <160 mm Hg (36%-39%). Most programs maintained this goal until the morning of the first postoperative day. Intravenous nicardipine (n = 12, 27%) and labetalol (n = 12, 27%) were the most frequently administered medications to maintain BP goals.

CONCLUSION:
Most of the academic neurosurgical programs use a postoperative SBP goal after craniotomy for tumor resection. Programs are evenly divided between goals of SBP <140 mm Hg and SBP <160 mm Hg. The variability among programs indicates clinical equipoise between these 2 approaches in the context of a future clinical trial.
NR4A1 and NR4A2 orphan nuclear receptors regulate endothelial-to-hematopoietic transition in mouse hematopoietic stem cell specification
Authors: Sá da Bandeira Diana , Nevitt Chris D. , Segato Dezem Felipe , Marção Maycon , Liu Yutian , Kelley Zakiya , DuBose Hannah , Chabot Ashley , Hall Trent , Caprio Claire , Okhomina Victoria , Kang Guolian , Plummer Jasmine , McKinney-Freeman Shannon , Clements Wilson K. , Ganuza Miguel 
Published: November 2024

ABSTRACT
Hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs) sustain life-long hematopoiesis and emerge during mid-gestation from hemogenic endothelial progenitors via an endothelial-to-hematopoietic transition (EHT). The full scope of molecular mechanisms governing this process remains unclear. The NR4A subfamily of orphan nuclear receptors act as tumor suppressors in myeloid leukemogenesis and have never been implicated in HSC specification. Here, we report that Nr4a1 and Nr4a2 expression is upregulated in hemogenic endothelium during EHT. Progressive genetic ablation of Nr4a gene dosage results in a gradual decrease in numbers of nascent c-Kit+ hematopoietic progenitors in developing embryos, c-Kit+ cell cluster size in the dorsal aorta, and a block in HSC maturation, revealed by an accumulation of pro-HSCs and pre-HSC-type I cells and decreased numbers of pre-HSC-type II cells. Consistent with these observations, cells isolated from embryonic day 11.5 Nr4a1−/−; Nr4a2−/− aorta-gonads-mesonephros are devoid of in vivo long-term hematopoietic repopulating potential. Molecularly, employing spatial transcriptomic analysis we determined that the genetic ablation of Nr4a1 and Nr4a2 prevents Notch signaling from being downregulated in intra-aortic clusters and thus for pro-HSCs to mature into HSCs. Interestingly, this defect is partially rescued by ex vivo culture of dissected aorta-gonads-mesonephros with SCF, IL3 and FLT3L, which may bypass Notch-dependent regulation. Overall, our data reveal a role for the NR4A family of orphan nuclear receptors in EHT.
Social sustainability – the functioning of communities, opportunities for cooperation
Authors: Laki Ildiko 
Published: November 2024

The present study aims to be a brief summary of the sustainability of contemporary society, the functioning of its communities and the possibilities for cooperation Sustainable progress refers to development that is sustainable in time and space, but there are a number of definitions/concepts associated with it that make it even more diverse and often unintelligible. The definition is essential as it provides a guideline for the adoption of regulations and different mechanisms. Community interaction in this form of sustainability becomes essential, whether live or virtual. The focus is on the process of collaboration. It is clear that social sustainability lies in the formation of collectivities, in the spirit of thinking together.
Ways of using the phenomenon of crisis in the music industry to model underage audiences
Authors: Budniak Mikołaj 
Published: November 2024

The author of the article shows that the natural phenomenon of crisis, which appears in the course of human development, is intentionally used by the music industry to model teenage audiences. The article discusses the psychological peculiarity of music, as well as the main methods of manipulation using music. The author presents the reader with the results of various research, including his own, on music and its impact on its recipient. At the end of the article, an original ,,tool” is presented that helps diagnose what content a minor recipient encounters when listening to his or her favorite music.
Personal freedom as a fundamental right in a democratic state
Authors: Sarzała Bartłomiej 
Published: November 2024

The system of a democratic state is characterized by a specific system of relations between law, authority and citizens, which includes the need to comply with existing law and limit arbitrariness. The democratic nature of the state system is determined primarily by the fact that its sovereign is the nation. Therefore, in a democratic constitutional state, the norms that form the basis of the social and political order are established in accordance with the will of the majority of citizens. However, the government is obliged to respect the law it has created, which is literally above the state, and to respect the rights and personal freedoms of citizens.
In this study, personal freedom is presented as one of the fundamental rights in a democratic state. For this aim, the dogmatic-legal method was used. Therefore, it was based on the analysis of literature and interpretation of national and international legal acts relating to the issues taken.
Magnetic trapping of an ultracold 39K-40K mixture with a versatile potassium laser system
Authors: Bocheński Mateusz , Dobosz Jakub , Semczuk Mariusz 
Published: November 2024

We present a dual isotope magneto-optical trap (MOT), simultaneous sub-Doppler laser cooling, and magnetic trapping of a spin-polarized 39K-40K Bose-Fermi mixture realized in a single-chamber setup with an unenriched potassium dispenser as the source of atoms. We are able to magnetically confine more than 2.2 × 105 fermions (F = 9/2 , m
F
= 9/2) and 1.4 × 107 bosons (F = 2 , m
F
= 2) with a lifetime exceeding 1.2 s. For this work, we have developed a versatile laser tailored for sub-Doppler cooling of all naturally occurring potassium isotopes and their mixtures. This laser system incorporates innovative features, such as the capability to select an isotope by activating or deactivating specific acousto-optic modulators that control the light seeding tapered amplifiers. Switching between isotopes takes ∼1 µs without any mechanical adjustment of the components.
Photonic-frequency-interleaving-enabled broadband receiver with high reconfigurability and scalability
Authors: Liu Jianwei , Wang Ruixuan , Yang Jiyao , Ma Weichao , Zeng Henan , Liu Chenyu , Jiang Wen , Zhang Xiangpeng , Xie Qinyu , Li Wangzhe 
Published: November 2024

The photonic frequency-interleaving (PFI) technique has shown great potential for broadband signal acquisition, effectively overcoming the challenges of clock jitter and channel mismatch in the conventional time-interleaving paradigm. However, current comb-based PFI schemes have complex system architectures and face challenges in achieving large bandwidth, dense channelization, and flexible reconfigurability simultaneously, which impedes practical applications. In this work, we propose and demonstrate a broadband PFI scheme with high reconfigurability and scalability by exploiting multiple free-running lasers for dense spectral slicing with high crosstalk suppression. A dedicated system model is developed through a comprehensive analysis of the system non-idealities, and a cross-channel signal reconstruction algorithm is developed for distortion-free signal reconstruction, based on precise calibrations of intra- and inter-channel impairments. The system performance is validated through the reception of multi-format broadband signals, both digital and analog, with a detailed evaluation of signal reconstruction quality, achieving inter-channel phase differences of less than 2°. The reconfigurability and scalability of the scheme are demonstrated through a dual-band radar imaging experiment and a three-channel interleaving implementation with a maximum acquisition bandwidth of 4 GHz. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first demonstration of a practical radio-frequency (RF) application enabled by PFI. Our work provides an innovative solution for next-generation software-defined broadband RF receivers.
All-optically linearized silicon modulator with ultrahigh SFDR of 131  dB · Hz6/7
Authors: Zhang Qiang , Huang Qikai , Xia Penghui , Li Yan , Jiang Xingyi , Zhang Shuyue , Fang Shengyu , Yang Jianyi , Yu Hui 
Published: November 2024

Integrated high-linearity modulators are crucial for high dynamic-range microwave photonic (MWP) systems. Conventional linearization schemes usually involve the fine tuning of radio-frequency (RF) power distribution, which is rather inconvenient for practical applications and can hardly be implemented on the integrated photonics chip. In this paper, we propose an elegant scheme to linearize a silicon-based modulator in which the active tuning of RF power is eliminated. The device consists of two carrier-depletion-based Mach–Zehnder modulators (MZMs), which are connected in series by a 1×2 thermal optical switch (OS). The OS is used to adjust the ratio between the modulation depths of the two sub-MZMs. Under a proper ratio, the complementary third-order intermodulation distortion (IMD3) of the two sub-MZMs can effectively cancel each other out. The measured spurious-free dynamic ranges for IMD3 are 131, 127, 118, 110, and 109  dB·Hz6/7 at frequencies of 1, 10, 20, 30, and 40 GHz, respectively, which represent the highest linearities ever reached by the integrated modulator chips on all available material platforms.
Patients’ experience of suffering a distal radius fracture with long-lasting impairment—a qualitative study
Authors: Südow Hanna , Navarro Cecilia Mellstrand , Ponzer Sari , Olsson Caroline 
Published: November 2024

Background
Every year a large number of people suffer a distal radius fracture and some of them never regain their activity level. The correlation between radiographic features and outcome explains some but not all the disability perceived after fracture healing and rehabilitation. Little is known of the persons reporting persistent upper limb dysfunction. The aim of this study was to improve the understanding of the experience of persistent impairment, treatment, and recovery process after a distal radius fracture, with a focus on patients with benign radiographic and injury features but without full restoration of function.

Materials and methods
This is a qualitative study performed through semi structured interviews analyzed with content analysis. The participants had previously been treated at Södersjukhuset hospital, Stockholm, Sweden for a distal radius fracture and reported that they had not regained their previous function. The sampling was purposeful and participants who were assumed to carry a lot of information were selected to participate. All 17 interviews were recorded, transcribed, and coded. Codes were grouped and categories formed.

Results
Three main categories were inductively identified from the data. 1. Limitations in life due to persistent impairment–the description of what was not regained, physically, mentally, and activity-wise. 2. Being a patient–the participants’ description of experiences and feelings when assuming the role as a patient. 3. The last main category identified was personal circumstances such as having to care for children, being alone or having a partner, having a demanding employer or the person’s inherent personality and attitude.

Conclusion
Patients suffer from impairment difficult to measure after a distal radius fracture. During the treatment and recovery process their experience as being patients, their perceived level of knowledge and their personal circumstances all play important roles in understanding how the participants experienced their recovery.