bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Poor mid-term functional patency and post-operative outcomes in diabetic patients who undergo arteriovenous graft creation
Authors: Cleary Colin M , Wu Rong , Amankwah Kwame S , Boutrous Mina L 
Published: November 2024

Introduction: Diabetes mellitus is a leading cause of renal failure in the US and has been associated with higher mortality when compared to nondiabetic patients. This remains true despite initiation of renal replacement therapy. As such, we were interested in identifying any potential differences in access durability and postoperative outcomes in diabetic patients who receive arteriovenous fistulas versus grafts for hemodialysis. Methods: Diabetic patients undergoing their first arteriovenous (AV) access creation surgery in the Vascular Quality Initiative from January 2011 to January 2022 were included in our study. After exclusions, the study included two groups: those receiving AV fistulas and those receiving AV grafts for hemodialysis. Demographic characteristics were summarized and compared between these two groups using chi-square analysis or unpaired t-test. After propensity score matching was conducted, the effect of procedure type on functional patency, along with secondary outcomes including wound infection were assessed using chi-square analysis. Results: A total of 20,159 diabetic patients who used their hemodialysis access were included in our study; 16,205 received AV fistulas while 3954 received AV grafts. Patients receiving AV grafts were more likely to be older, female, and have higher pre-operative catheter usage. After propensity score matching, patients who received AV grafts had a shorter time-to-use their conduit (50 vs 166 days, p < 0.0001), however, patients who received AV fistulas were more likely to have longer functional patency use for hemodialysis when compared to those who received AV grafts (mean survival time: 3.3 vs 2.9 years, p < 0.0001). These results were consistent between diabetics with insulin-dependent or insulin-independent diabetes. Conclusion: Patients diagnosed with diabetes mellitus had an increased risk for significantly inferior clinical outcomes related to newly created AV grafts, including lower rates of mid-term functional patency and higher rates of worse post-operative outcomes when compared to diabetics who received AV fistulas.
Development and initial validation of the Cognitive Change Scale (CCS)
Authors: Kever Anne , Heuer Lauren B , Simani Leila , Leavitt Victoria M 
Published: November 2024

Background: Cognitive impairment is common in neurologic diseases. Precise measurement of cognitive change over time is necessary for isolating disease-related patterns from normal age-related decline. Existing measures of subjective cognition, however, focus on present status. There is, to our knowledge, no currently available self-report measure of cognitive change. We therefore developed the Cognitive Change Scale (CCS), which assesses perceived cognitive change in neurologic populations. Methods: A systematic mixed-methods process was followed for the scale design and validation. Associations of CCS responses to demographics, mood, and fatigue were examined in 131 persons with multiple sclerosis. A total of 46 participants also completed a cognitive test battery. Correlations of test scores with CCS responses were calculated. Results: The 17-item CCS showed good reliability and validity. Results of exploratory and confirmatory factor analyses supported a four-factor structure, with items reflecting change in (1) general cognition, (2) language and executive function, (3) external feedback, and (4) use of coping strategies. Positive relationships of CCS scores with fatigue, depression, and anxiety were observed. Correlations of CCS scores with cognitive test performance did not reach significance. Conclusion: The CCS may be a useful cognitive outcome tool for treatment trials in neurologic populations.
Bilinguals in social and emotional contexts: How positive and negative moods shape stereotype judgements in bilingual women
Authors: Naranowicz Marcin , Jankowiak Katarzyna 
Published: November 2024

Purpose: The study offers insights into the interplay between mood and the language of operation in the context of stereotype judgements in female bilinguals. Methodology: Participants were presented with gender stereotypically congruent and incongruent sentences in their L1 (Polish) and L2 (English). They performed a stereotype congruency judgement task while their behavioural responses were being recorded. Data and analysis: The speed and accuracy of participants’ responses were measured and analysed using linear and generalised mixed-effect modelling, respectively. Findings: Our results indicated that bilinguals’ positive and negative mood states may interact with the language of operation, irrespective of stereotype congruency. We observed a facilitatory effect on response times of a positive relative to negative mood in L2 as opposed to L1. Such findings point to strong internalisation of gender stereotype in L1, with the behavioural responses remaining unaffected by mood changes, as well as decreased internalisation of gender stereotypes and their weaker accessibility in L2 compared to L1. Originality: The study is the first to illuminate the complex interplay among mood, language of operation, and stereotype activation, enhancing our understanding of the cognitive processes underpinning social judgements in bilingual speakers. Significance: The reduced accessibility of gender stereotypes in L2 might carry important consequences for various domains such as social interactions, politics, and employment situations, where L2 may serve as a tool for encouraging gender equality and diminishing gender-based stereotypes and biases.
Real-World Performance of Excimer Laser Ablation Combined with Drug-Coated Balloon Versus Drug-Coated Balloon for the Treatment of Femoropopliteal In-Stent Restenosis Disease
Authors: Wang Hui , Wu Sensen , Pan Dikang , Ning Yachan , Sun Chun , Guo Jianming , Jiang JinLan , Gu Yongquan 
Published: November 2024

Background: This study aims to assess the effectiveness and identify the risk factors associated with postoperative restenosis in patients with femoropopliteal in-stent restenosis (FP-ISR) disease treated with excimer laser ablation (ELA) combined with drug-coated balloon (DCB) versus DCB alone. Methods: This retrospective real-world study compares patients with FP-ISR treated with ELA + DCB versus DCB alone. Additionally, subgroup analysis was conducted for long-segment lesions (lesion length ≥200 mm) and Tosaka III lesions. Then Cox regression analysis was used to examine 24-month outcomes of target lesion revascularization and restenosis. Results: We found no significant differences in primary patency and freedom from clinically driven target lesion revascularization (CD-TLR) at 24 months between the ELA + DCB group (49 patients) and the DCB group (82 patients). In the subgroup analysis of long-segment lesions (target lesion length ≥200 mm), the results showed that ELA + DCB was superior to DCB at 24 months in terms of both primary patency (55.0% vs 35.3%; P = 0.048) and freedom from CD-TLR (77.8% vs 50.8%; P = 0.033). The 2 treatment methods did not show statistical significance in the subgroup analysis of Tosaka III patients. Target lesion length of ≥200 mm was found to have a significant association with restenosis (hazard ratio = 5.28; 95% CI, 2.48-11.23; P < 0.001) and freedom from CD-TLR (hazard ratio = 3.02; 95% CI, 1.02-9.30; P = 0.044) in the multivariate analysis. Conclusions: We do not have sufficient evidence to show a significant difference between ELA + DCB and DCB alone for FP-ISR. However, for patients with long-segment FP-ISR lesions, ELA + DCB may provide better long-term patency. Clinical Impact Our results suggest that for patients with long-segment (≥200 mm) FP-ISR, the efficacy of ELA combined with DCB may be superior to that of DCB alone. For patients with FP-ISR <200 mm, DCB alone may achieve satisfactory efficacy, thus reducing the medical burden on patients and allowing for the selection of more appropriate treatment options for different types of lesions.
Endovascular Repair of Aortic Arch Zones 0 to 2 Using Physician-Modified Endografts: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis
Authors: Karaolanis Georgios I. , Makaloski Vladimir , Jungi Silvan , Celik Mevlut , Bosiers Michel J. , Kotelis Drosos 
Published: November 2024

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to collect all the available evidence concerning technical success and early and mid-term clinical outcomes of physician-modified endografts (PMEGs) for the treatment of aortic arch pathologies in zones 0 to 2. Material and methods: We performed a systematic review to identify all the eligible studies that reported outcomes to the PMEGs for aortic arch pathologies in zones 0 to 2 and then conducted a qualitative synthesis and meta-analysis of the results. The main outcomes were technical success, mortality, stroke rate, bridging stents’ complications, and reintervention rate. We estimated pooled proportions and 95% confidence intervals (CIs). Results: A total of 134 study titles were identified by the initial search strategy, of which 14 (zone 0 n=6; zone 1 n=1; zones 1 t o2: n=7) were considered eligible for inclusion in the meta-analysis. A total of 777 patients (80% male; 62±6 years) were identified among the eligible studies. The pooled technical success for the PMEG in zone 0 was 96.6% (95% CI=93.9%-98.2%), whereas in zones 1 to 2 was 95.9% (95% CI=92.9%-97.6%). The pooled 30-day mortality was 4.6% (95% CI=2.0%-10%) and 4.3% (95% CI=2.2%-8.2%) for zones 0 and 1 to 2, respectively, whereas the prevalence of late mortality was 8.2% (95% CI=4.7%-14%) and 3.4% (95% CI=1.9%-6%). The pooled stoke rate was 3.7% (95% CI=2.1%-6.4%) in zone 0 and 2.7% (95% CI=1.4%-5%) in zones 1 to 2. The early reintervention rate was 3.5% (95% CI=1.5%-8.0%) and 4.2% (95% CI=2.4%-7.2%) for zones 0 and 1 to 2, respectively, whereas during the mean follow-up of 26 months was 8.5% (95% CI=3.0%-21%) and 1.9% (95% CI=0.8%-4.3%). The pooled bridging’s stent instability was 3.9% (95% CI=1.1%-12.9%) in zone 0 and 3.2% (95% CI=1.8%-5.8%) in zones 1 to 2. Conclusions: Endovascular repair of aortic arch pathologies using PMEGs seems to present a satisfactory level of technical success and a low mortality rate. To attain clearer conclusions, further research employing randomized controlled trials, longer-term follow-up, and consistent reporting of results is warranted. Clinical Impact This systematic review and meta-analysis of observational studies analyzed the short- and mid-term outcomes of aortic arch aneurysm and/or dissection using physician-modified endografts. It separately examined the outcomes from zones 0 and 1-2 of the aortic arch. Fourteen studies (n=777 patients) were included. Overall technical success rates were 96.6% for zone 0 and 95.9% for zone 1-2. Regarding early mortality and stroke rates, no significant differences were observed, while late mortality was higher in patients in zone 0. The late reintervention rate favored patients treated with PMEGs in zone 1-2. The physician-modified technique appears to be an excellent and rapidly available alternative for the treatment of aortic arch diseases.
Comparing the efficacy and safety of weekly somatrogon with daily somatropin to treat children with growth hormone deficiency: a plain language summary of publication
Authors: Deal Cheri L. , Steelman Joel , Vlachopapadopoulou Elpis , Stawerska Renata , Silverman Lawrence A. , Phillip Moshe , Kim Ho-Seong , Ko CheolWoo , Malievskiy Oleg , Cara Jose F. , Roland Carl L. , Taylor Carrie Turich , Valluri Srinivas Rao , Wajnrajch Michael P. , Pastrak Aleksandra , Miller Bradley S. 
Published: November 2024

• The efficacy of weekly somatrogon injections was no different from that of daily somatropin injections to treat children who don’t make enough growth hormone to grow adequately. ○ Efficacy refers to how well a drug works in a clinical trial. ○ Children treated with weekly somatrogon had an increased growth rate, similar to that of children treated with daily somatropin. • The safety of weekly somatrogon injections was similar to that of daily somatropin injections. The original scientific article on which this summary is based was published in The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism and can be accessed for free at: https://academic.oup.com/jcem/article/107/7/e2717/6566444 . The details of the original article are as follows: Cheri L. Deal, Joel Steelman, Elpis Vlachopapadopoulou, Renata Stawerska, Lawrence A Silverman, Moshe Phillip, Ho-Seong Kim, CheolWoo Ko, Oleg Malievskiy, Jose F. Cara, Carl L. Roland, Carrie Turich Taylor, Srinivas Rao Valluri, Michael P. Wajnrajch, Aleksandra Pastrak, and Bradley S. Miller. Efficacy and safety of weekly somatrogon vs daily somatropin in children with growth hormone deficiency: a phase 3 study. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 2022; 107(7): e2717–e2728. The purpose of this plain language summary is to help you to understand the findings from recent research. • Somatrogon is used to treat growth hormone deficiency (the condition under study that is discussed in this summary). Approval varies by country; please check with your local healthcare provider for more details. • The results of this study may differ from those of other studies. Physicians/providers should make treatment decisions based on all available evidence and not on the results of a single study.
Embedding artificial intelligence in healthcare: An ethnographic exploration of an AI-based mHealth app through the lens of legitimacy
Authors: Howe Sydney , Smak Gregoor Anna , Uyl-de Groot Carin , Wakkee Marlies , Nijsten Tamar , Wehrens Rik 
Published: November 2024

Purpose Skin cancer, a significant global health problem, imposes financial and workload burdens on the Dutch healthcare system. Artificial intelligence (AI) for diagnostic augmentation has gained momentum in dermatology, but despite significant research on adoption, acceptance, and implementation, we lack a holistic understanding of why technologies (do not) become embedded in the healthcare system. This study utilizes the concept of legitimacy, omnipresent but underexplored in health technology studies, to examine assumptions guiding the integration of an AI mHealth app for skin lesion cancer risk assessment in the Dutch healthcare system. Methods We conducted a 3-year ethnographic case study, using participant observation, interviews, focus groups, and document analysis to explore app integration within the Dutch healthcare system. Participants included doctors, policymakers, app users, developers, insurers, and researchers. Our analysis focused on moments of legitimacy breakdown, contrasting company narratives and healthcare-based assumptions with practices and affectively-charged experiences of professionals and app users. Results Three major kinds of legitimacy breakdowns impacted the embedding of this app: first, lack of institutional legitimacy led to informal workarounds by the company at the institutional level; second, quantification privilege impacted app influence in interactions with doctors; and third, interactive limits between users and the app contradicted expectations around ease of use and work burden alleviation. Conclusions Our results demonstrate that legitimacy is a useful lens for understanding the embedding of health technology while taking into account institutional complexity. A legitimacy lens is helpful for decision-makers and researchers because it can clarify and anticipate pain points for the integration of AI into healthcare systems.
Effective elements of eHealth interventions for mental health and well-being in children and adolescents: A systematic review
Authors: Dietvorst Evelien , de Vries Lianne P. , van Eijl Stephanie , Mesman Esther , Legerstee Jeroen S. , Keijsers Loes , Hillegers Manon H. J. , Vreeker Annabel 
Published: November 2024

Background Mental health problems among children and adolescents increased in recent years, while mental health services are overburdened with long waiting lists. eHealth interventions, that is, interventions delivered digitally via apps or websites, offer a promising approach to prevent and efficiently treat emerging mental health problems in youth. Over the past years, rapid technological progress has led to diverse eHealth interventions for youth mental health. However, a structured overview of effective eHealth elements and mechanisms through which interventions aim to improve mental health is lacking. The aim of this pre-registered systematic review is to identify elements of eHealth interventions that improve mental health and well-being in children and adolescents aged 10–25 from both clinical and general populations. Methods This systematic review conducted in April 2023 in accordance with the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis guidelines identified 108 studies and 103 distinct interventions between 2011–2023. The overall sample size was 33,435 participants (30.7% male, mean age = 18.4 years, SD = 2.5). Most studies (64.8%) were randomized controlled trials (RCTs) to test the interventions. The remaining studies utilized a pre-post or group-comparison design (non-RCTs). Results The interventions were heterogeneous in design, method of delivery, target group and outcome measures. Overall, 77.7% of the studies showed a positive significant association between eHealth intervention and mental health or well-being. Elements that were often related to improved mental health and well-being were cognitive behavioural therapy (CBT) or self-monitoring as therapeutic principles, blended approaches combining eHealth with traditional therapy, peer/parental involvement and technological gamification elements, such as rewards. Conclusions Elements of youth eHealth interventions that appear to positively impact mental health or well-being are (a) CBT-based, (b) self-monitoring (c) blended interventions, (d) peer or parental involvement or (e) gamification. Future directions for the development and implementation of eHealth interventions for youth are discussed.
Educators’ digital competence in physiotherapy and health professions education: Insights from qualitative interviews
Authors: Røe Yngve , Vik Torbjørnsen Astrid Cathrine , Admiraal Wilfried 
Published: November 2024

Objective This study seeks to outline the features of digital competences among educators in health professions education and pinpoint areas in need of enhancement. Methods The transcribed interviews of nine educators in physiotherapy education were coded to align with The European Framework for the Digital Competence of Educators (DigCompEdu), adhering to a step-by-step procedure. Results In total, 320 significant units were coded to an individual competence. Three competence areas (Professional engagement, Teaching and learning, and Empowering learners accounted for (94.2%) of the codes, while the three remaining (Digital resources, Assessment, and Facilitating learners’ digital competence) for 5.8% of cases. Several individual competences were not identified, across domains and the educators raised skepticism regarding the relevance of digital education for clinical practice. Conclusion The study reveals deficiencies in the digital competence of health professions educators, highlighting gaps in strategies to utilize technology in their work and the integration of technologies with clinical skills. Educators exhibit individual-driven rather than collaborative digital professional development, expressing skepticism about technology’s efficacy in clinical skills training. The results emphasize the urgent need for comprehensive improvement. Without addressing these issues, health education students may graduate without essential digital skills, hindering their contribution to technology development.
Research on disease management of chronic disease patients based on digital therapeutics: A scoping review
Authors: Chengyu Zhu , Xueyan Huang , Ying Feng 
Published: November 2024

Background The prevalence of chronic diseases is rising annually due to the aging of the population, and these illnesses constitute a major cause of mortality. Digital therapeutics (DTx) is a promising solution for the prevention and management of chronic diseases. With the rapid advancement of information technology in recent years, software algorithms or applications based on clinical assessment, evidence, and technology can be used to directly provide digital medical interventions to patients to promote disease management. Digital therapeutics has been applied in the field of various diseases. The most significant application area among them is the management, treatment, and intervention of chronic illnesses. Objectives To provide a comprehensive understanding of the benefits and drawbacks of using digital therapeutics for the management of patients with chronic diseases. Methods The scoping review framework developed by Arksey and O’Malley was applied to the process. Using the research method of scope review, the network retrieval of pertinent papers was conducted in eight databases, including PubMed, Web of Science, ScienceDirect, and CNKI. The database was retrieved between the date of database creation and September 20, 2023. The “PCC” principle was used to determine the inclusion criterion. Analyze and discuss the mentioned literature. Findings were presented in tabular and descriptive formats. Results The scoping review included 25 studies. The intervention carriers of digital therapeutics included health management systems, digital health platforms, learning machine models, and so on. Professional technologists, medical personnel, and others were among the implementation personnel. Disease management strategies included application-based home workout plan intervention, virtual reality digital control mode intervention, and so on. Digital therapeutics helped patients with symptom monitoring, medication management, weight control, mental health, and everyday activities. Conclusion Digital therapeutics improves the treatment of chronic disease patients and promotes health recovery. In the future, under the supervision of the treatment team, we should formulate scientific, standardized, and relevant digital therapeutic disease management programs according to the application status of patients with chronic diseases and develop more customized digital therapeutic projects.
Does Post-Tetanic Transcranial Stimulation Augment the Wave Amplitudes of Spinal Cord Evoked Potential (Tc-SCEP)?
Authors: Tanaka Masato , Shigematsu Hideki , Kawaguchi Masahiko , Takatani Tsunenori , Kawasaki Sachiko , Suga Yuma , Yamamoto Yusuke , Tanaka Yasuhito 
Published: November 2024

Study design Prospective within-subjects study. Objectives Although motor-evoked potential (MEP) amplitude can reportedly be increased by tetanic stimulation of the peripheral nerves before transcranial electrical stimulation (TES), no reports have described on whether tetanic transcranial stimulation augments the wave amplitudes of spinal cord-evoked potentials (Tc-SCEP). The primary purpose of this study was to investigate whether tetanic stimulation induces waveform amplification of Tc-SCEP. The secondary purpose was to elucidate the mechanism of the amplification effect of tetanic stimulation. Methods We recruited 20 patients who underwent cervical or thoracic spine surgeries. We compared the compound muscle active potentials (CMAPs) of Tc-MEP and Tc-SCEP before and after tetanic stimulation of the median or tibial nerve. Results Although the CMAP wave amplitudes of the abductor pollicis brevis (APB) and abductor hallucis (AH) showed significant enlargement on Tc-MEP following tetanic stimulation of the median and tibial nerves, an augmentation effect regarding Tc-SCEP (203 μV [without tetanic stimulation], 212 μV [tetanic stimulation of the median nerve], and 208 μV [tetanic stimulation of tibial nerve]) could not be demonstrated. Conclusion Although MEP amplitudes can be enlarged by tetanic stimulation of the peripheral nerves, the amplification mechanism may not involve the lateral corticospinal tract from the brain stem to the anterior horn.