bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Panic disorders: The role of genetics and epigenetics
Authors: Kim Eun Jeong , Kim Yong-Ku 
Published: July 2018

AbstractPanic disorder is characterized by symptoms with abrupt surges of fear with palpitations, sweating, trembling, heat sensations. Considering its disease burden on each individual and on society, understanding its etiology is important. Though no one specific etiology has been known, like other psychiatric disorders, multiple factors such as genetic, environmental, neurobiological, psychopathological factors have been suggested. In this article, we reviewed currently known etiologies and related study results, regarding especially genetic and epigenetic aspects of the panic disorder. Early studies, including twin studies, family studies, adoption studies suggested highly familial trait of panic disorder. Linkage studies, either, found panic disorder is not a single gene disorder but confirmed existence of multiple related genes. Chromosome and candidate gene studies found few related genes, NPY, ADORA2A, COMT, IKBKE. Newer method, genome-wide association studies (GWAS) have been searching for newer genes. No genome-wide significant genes, however, were detected, confirming previously known candidate genes, NPY5R on 4q31.3-32, BDKRB2 on 14q32, instead. Epigenetic modification has also been studied on many different psychiatric disorders. Monoamine oxidase A (MAOA) hypomethylation, taken together with negative life events, showed relation with panic disorder. Glutamate decarbodylases 1 (GAD1) hypomethylation was also specific on panic disorder patients. Relation with noradrenaline transporter (NET) gene SLC6a2 promoter methylation has also been studied. In conclusion, no specific gene or epigenetic pattern can fully explain etiology of panic disorder. Few genes and epigenetic patterns, however, showed strong association with panic disorder compared to healthy controls. Considering its multivariable background, further studies with larger populations can confirm current results and clarify etiologies of panic disorder.
Stand-off Bridges in the Frankenstein Variorum Project
Authors: Beshero-Bondar Elisa E. , Viglianti Raffaele 
Published: July 2018

Developing the Frankenstein Variorum Project has necessitated a reconciliation of extremely divergent markup ecosystems supporting multiple editions of a single novel. The reconciliation process involves breaking or flattening the original hierarchies to prioritize units of low-level lateral intersection, points shared in common to construct “bridge” or intermediary formats for processing with automated collation via CollateX. The output from the automated collation process also serves as an intermediary format that we transform into a TEI form of stand-off parallel segmentation, in which stand-off pointing mechanisms operate like a switchboard for connecting the individual editions which can remain (for the most part) undisturbed or unmarked from the collation process. The TEI “stand-off bridge” negotiates the distinct markup ecosystems in ways that can break the “silo” effect of isolating specially encoded editions. Far from an ephemeral support structure, the stand-off bridge upholds the whole as the “spine” of the variorum project because it improves the interoperability and interchangeability of all the markup ecosystems involved. Building the stand-off bridge effectively reconstitutes the hierarchies in a way that expresses intersections essentially as a graph structure of nodes with edge pointers to comparable nodes.
Our experience on the Frankenstein Variorum is consistent with other TEI projects that involve the curation of divergence, variance, and forking in text streams. Taken together, such projects illuminate how the TEI can organize textual data in ways other than an ordered hierarchy of content objects, and that the TEI can be turned to express unordered “lateral” intersections in ways that serve long-standing goals of the TEI community: interchangeability and interoperability of electronic texts. As Syd Bauman in particular has discussed, where interchangeability reflects the capacity for humans to negotiate and adapt to markup ecosystems from systematic navigation and documentation without needing to contact the encoder for help, interoperability reflects the capacity of software tools to process the markup without needing to change either it or the tools. Although we usually consider the needs of software interoperability as at odds with the richly expressive capacity of human-readable semantic interchange, this paper suggests that the TEI can be designed to prioritize the interests of both, from facilitating automated collation to generating an interlinking web interface that gives the user means to choose and change directions in navigating multiple editions as desired.
Transcending structure: Applying shared markup vocabularies with your friends and enemies
Authors: Beck Jeffrey 
Published: July 2018

Markup makes it easier to share. We share documents with our peers, our partners, and even our competitors. Communities of interest form, they define document structures, test them in practice, and affirm them by adoption. Joining a community has obvious advantages: reduced development costs, ease of interchange, tried and tested tools, and an available pool of authors, editors, and developers already familiar with the vocabulary.
Over time, the pace of vocabulary evolution slows naturally. The major structures are developed, applied, tested, and accepted. New structures are added more slowly, and more reluctantly. The community has transitioned into maintenance mode where large scale refactorings and backwards-incompatible changes are known to have burdonsome costs and “best practices” are known to make sharing easier.
What can the “Markup Community in General” do to support these stricter best practices communities?
“Be in the Room Where It Happens”
Authors: Morrissey Sheila , Meyer John , Bhattarai Sushil 
Published: July 2018

Institutions such as Portico that are engaged in ensuring that the digital record of our time is accessible, usable, discoverable, and verifiable for the very long term continually face the challenge of processing and managing content at very large scales, often with minimal, and sometimes diminishing, resources to accomplish the task.
A key resource in meeting the challenge of preserving born-digital and digitized scholarly literature has been the NLM and JATS standards, and the community of practice centered on those standards. We will be talking about our shared experience in developing those standards: what motivated our participation, what benefits we have seen, and what challenges we still face.
Simulation of atmospheric organic aerosol using its volatility–oxygen-content distribution during the PEGASOS 2012 campaign
Authors: Karnezi Eleni , Murphy Benjamin N. , Poulain Laurent , Herrmann Hartmut , Wiedensohler Alfred , Rubach Florian , Kiendler-Scharr Astrid , Mentel Thomas F. , Pandis Spyros N. 
Published: July 2018

Abstract. A lot of effort has been made to understand and constrain the atmospheric aging of the organic aerosol (OA). Different parameterizations of the organic aerosol formation and evolution in the two-dimensional volatility basis set (2D-VBS) framework are evaluated using ground and airborne measurements collected in the 2012 Pan-European Gas AeroSOls-climate interaction Study (PEGASOS) field campaign in the Po Valley (Italy). A number of chemical aging schemes are examined, taking into account various functionalization and fragmentation pathways for biogenic and anthropogenic OA components. Model predictions and measurements, both at the ground and aloft, indicate a relatively oxidized OA with little average diurnal variation. Total OA concentration and O : C ratios are reproduced within experimental error by a number of chemical aging schemes. Anthropogenic secondary OA (SOA) is predicted to contribute 15–25 % of the total OA, while SOA from intermediate volatility compound oxidation contributes another 20–35 %. Biogenic SOA (bSOA) contributions varied from 15 to 45 % depending on the modeling scheme. Primary OA contributed around 5 % for all schemes and was comparable to the hydrocarbon-like OA (HOA) concentrations derived from the positive matrix factorization of the aerosol mass spectrometer (PMF-AMS) ground measurements. The average OA and O : C diurnal variation and their vertical profiles showed a surprisingly modest sensitivity to the assumed vaporization enthalpy for all aging schemes. This can be explained by the interplay between the partitioning of the semi-volatile compounds and their gas-phase chemical aging reactions.
Characterization and correction of stray light in TROPOMI-SWIR
Authors: Tol Paul J. J. , van Kempen Tim A. , van Hees Richard M. , Krijger Matthijs , Cadot Sidney , Snel Ralph , Persijn Stefan T. , Aben Ilse , Hoogeveen Ruud W. M. 
Published: July 2018

Abstract. The shortwave infrared (SWIR) spectrometer module of the Tropospheric
Monitoring Instrument (TROPOMI), on board the ESA Copernicus Sentinel-5
Precursor satellite, is used to measure atmospheric CO and methane columns.
For this purpose, calibrated radiance measurements are needed that are
minimally contaminated by instrumental stray light. Therefore, a method has
been developed and applied in an on-ground calibration campaign to
characterize stray light in detail using a monochromatic quasi-point light
source. The dynamic range of the signal was extended to more than 7 orders of magnitude by performing measurements with different exposure times,
saturating detector pixels at the longer exposure times. Analysis of the
stray light indicates about 4.4 % of the detected light is correctable stray
light. An algorithm was then devised and implemented in the operational data
processor to correct in-flight SWIR observations in near-real time, based on
Van Cittert deconvolution. The stray light is approximated by a far-field
kernel independent of position and wavelength and an additional kernel
representing the main reflection. Applying this correction significantly
reduces the stray-light signal, for example in a simulated dark forest scene
close to bright clouds by a factor of about 10. Simulations indicate that
this reduces the stray-light error sufficiently for accurate gas-column
retrievals. In addition, the instrument contains five SWIR diode lasers that
enable long-term, in-flight monitoring of the stray-light distribution.
Brief communication: Rapid assessment of damaged residential buildings in the Florida Keys after Hurricane Irma
Authors: Xian Siyuan , Feng Kairui , Lin Ning , Marsooli Reza , Chavas Daniel , Chen Jie , Hatzikyriakou Adam 
Published: July 2018

Abstract. On 10 September 2017, Hurricane Irma made landfall in the Florida Keys and
caused significant damage. Informed by hydrodynamic storm surge and wave
modeling and post-storm satellite imagery, a rapid damage survey was soon
conducted for 1600+ residential buildings in Big Pine Key and Marathon.
Damage categorizations and statistical analysis reveal distinct factors
governing damage at these two locations. The distance from the coast is
significant for the damage in Big Pine Key, as severely damaged buildings
were located near narrow waterways connected to the ocean. Building type and
size are critical in Marathon, highlighted by the near-complete destruction
of trailer communities there. These observations raise issues of
affordability and equity that need consideration in damage recovery and
rebuilding for resilience.
Changing seasonality of moderate and extreme precipitation events in the Alps
Authors: Brönnimann Stefan , Rajczak Jan , Fischer Erich M. , Raible Christoph C. , Rohrer Marco , Schär Christoph 
Published: July 2018

Abstract. The intensity of precipitation events is expected to increase in the future.
The rate of increase depends on the strength or rarity of the events; very
strong and rare events tend to follow the Clausius–Clapeyron relation,
whereas weaker events or precipitation averages increase at a smaller rate
than expected from the Clausius–Clapeyron relation. An often overlooked
aspect is seasonal occurrence of such events, which might change in the
future. To address the impact of seasonality, we use a large ensemble of
regional and global climate model simulations, comprising tens of thousands
of model years of daily temperature and precipitation for the past, present,
and future. In order to make the data comparable, they are quantile mapped to
observation-based time series representative of the Aare catchment in
Switzerland. Model simulations show no increase in annual maximum 1-day
precipitation events (Rx1day) over the last 400 years and an increase of
10 %–20 % until the end of the century for a strong (RCP8.5) forcing
scenario. This fits with a Clausius–Clapeyron scaling of temperature at the
event day, which increases less than annual mean temperature. An important
reason for this is a shift in seasonality. Rx1day events become less frequent
in late summer and more frequent in early summer and early autumn, when it is
cooler. The seasonality shift is shown to be related to summer drying. Models
with decreasing annual mean or summer mean precipitation show this behaviour
more strongly. The highest Rx1day per decade, in contrast, shows no change in
seasonality in the future. This discrepancy implies that decadal-scale
extremes are thermodynamically limited; conditions conducive to strong events
still occur during the hottest time of the year on a decadal scale. In
contrast, Rx1day events are also limited by other factors. Conducive
conditions are not reached every summer in the present, and even less so in
the future. Results suggest that changes in the seasonal cycle need to be
accounted for when preparing for moderately extreme precipitation events and
assessing their socio-economic impacts.
The foreign-born population in New York City and environs
Authors: Boscoe Francis P 
Published: July 2018

The most frequent foreign country of birth was mapped using data from tables B05006 and B05002 (for Puerto Rico) of the American Community Survey, using the 2012-2016 5-year estimates. Census tracts were only shaded when the share of the most frequent country of birth was more than 10% of the total population and if the total population of the census tract was at least 100. All birth countries which were the most frequent in at least 10 census tracts in New York and New Jersey appear in the legend 30 other countries appearing fewer than 10 times were grouped as “other”. The color scheme used was that of Trubestskoy, who developed a palette of 20 distinct and nameable colors ( tinyurl.com/20colors ).
1,080 of 2,167 (49.8%) of the census tracts in New York City, along with many others in suburban New York and New Jersey, had at least 10% of their populations born in a single foreign country. Leading countries were the Dominican Republic (246 census tracts in New York City), China (205), Jamaica (166), and Guyana (86). The map reveals well-defined clusters of census tracts for these countries as well as for Korea, India, El Salvador, Poland, Ecuador, Colombia, Mexico, Haiti, Ukraine, Bangladesh, and Puerto Rico. Note that because the American Community Survey is a survey, the data are subject to sampling error, which can be large at the census tract level. Also, by attempting to view all of the countries in a single map, it is not possible to see which tracts feature significant populations from multiple countries, or which tracts are closer to 10% foreign born versus those which are closer to 100% - to see these patterns would require a map series rather than a single map, which represents work in progress.
Aside from the overall utility of a map depicting the cultural diversity in the New York City metropolitan area, I was motivated to call attention to the lack of attention to place of birth in public health surveillance systems, which emphasize race and ethnicity almost exclusively. The broad racial/ethnic groupings of white, black, Asian or Pacific Islander (API), American Indian or Alaska Native, and Hispanic mask within-group differences that can exceed between-group differences. This often occurs between foreign-born and U.S.-born individuals, who can have considerably different health risks. For example, liver cancer rates in Korea are ten times that in India1; it is unhelpful to group these populations into a single API category. Unfortunately, birthplace information is often not well collected. In the absence of adequate data, researchers could consider using census data as an area-level proxy for individual birthplace.
1Global Burden of Disease Liver Cancer Collaboration. The burden of primary liver cancer and underlying etiologies from 1990 to 2015 at the global, regional, and national level results from the global burden of disease study 2015. JAMA Oncology 2017; 3: 1683-1691.
Data concordance between ESRD Medical Evidence Report and Medicare claims: is there any improvement?
Authors: Mu Yi , Chin Andrew I. , Kshirsagar Abhijit V. , Bang Heejung 
Published: July 2018

BackgroundMedicare is one of the world’s largest health insurance programs. It provides health insurance to nearly 44 million beneficiaries whose entitlements are based on age, disability, or end-stage renal disease (ESRD). Data of these ESRD beneficiaries are collected in the US Renal Data System (USRDS), which includes comorbidity information entered at the time of dialysis initiation (medical evidence data), and are used to shape health care policy. One limitation of USRDS data is the lack of validation of these medical evidence comorbidities against other comorbidity data sources, such as medical claims data.MethodsWe examined the potential for discordance between USRDS Medical Evidence and medical claims data for 11 comorbid conditions amongst Medicare beneficiaries in 2011–2013 via sensitivity, specificity, kappa and hierarchical logistic regression.ResultsAmong 61,280 patients, most comorbid conditions recorded on the Medical Evidence forms showed high specificity (>0.9), compared to prior medical claims as reference standard. However, both sensitivity and kappa statistics varied greatly and tended to be low (most <0.5). Only diabetes appeared accurate, whereas tobacco use and drug dependence showed the poorest quality (sensitivity and kappa <0.1). Institutionalization and patient region of residency were associated with data discordance for six and five comorbidities out of 11, respectively, after conservative adjustment of multiple testing. Discordance appeared to be non-informative for congestive heart failure but was most varied for drug dependence.ConclusionsWe conclude that there is no improvement in comorbidity data quality in incident ESRD patients over the last two decades. Since these data are used in case-mix adjustment for outcome and quality of care metrics, the findings in this study should press regulators to implement measures to improve the accuracy of comorbidity data collection.
Somatosensory and auditory deviance detection for outcome prediction during postanoxic coma
Authors: Pfeiffer Christian , Nguissi Nathalie Ata Nguepnjo , Chytiris Magali , Bidlingmeyer Phanie , Haenggi Matthias , Kurmann Rebekka , Zubler Frédéric , Accolla Ettore , Viceic Dragana , Rusca Marco , Oddo Mauro , Rossetti Andrea O. , De Lucia Marzia 
Published: July 2018

AbstractObjectiveProminent research in patients with disorders of consciousness investigated the electrophysiological correlates of auditory deviance detection as a marker of consciousness recovery. Here, we extend previous studies by investigating whether somatosensory deviance detection provides an added value for outcome prediction in postanoxic comatose patients.MethodsElectroencephalography responses to frequent and rare stimuli were obtained from 66 patients on the first and second day after coma onset.ResultsMultivariate decoding analysis revealed an above chance‐level auditory discrimination in 25 patients on the first day and in 31 patients on the second day. Tactile discrimination was significant in 16 patients on the first day and in 23 patients on the second day. Single‐day sensory discrimination was unrelated to patients’ outcome in both modalities. However, improvement of auditory discrimination from first to the second day was predictive of good outcome with a positive predictive power (PPV) of 0.73 (CI = 0.52–0.88). Analyses considering the improvement of tactile, auditory and tactile, or either auditory or tactile discrimination showed no significant prediction of good outcome (PPVs = 0.58–0.68).InterpretationOur results show that in the acute phase of coma deviance detection is largely preserved for both auditory and tactile modalities. However, we found no evidence for an added value of somatosensory to auditory deviance detection function for coma‐outcome prediction.
Early malfunction diagnosis of industrial process units utilizing online linear trend profiles and real‐time classification
Authors: Vafeiadis T. , Ziogou C. , Stavropoulos G. , Krinidis S. , Ioannidis D. , Voutetakis S. , Tzovaras D. , Moustakas K. 
Published: July 2018

SummaryThe early detection of potential malfunctions at process systems can significantly reduce downtime and improve their overall operability. In that context, this paper demonstrates the behavior and response, through a comparative analysis, of novel data‐driven diagnosis methods for interdependent time series. The proposed real‐time slope statistic profile method utilizes a self‐adaptive sliding window based on a real‐time classification technique of linear trend profiles of both interdependent time series and internal condition so as to avoid misdetections. The calculation of the linear trend profile is based on a standard parametric linear trend test, and the selection of possible incidents is based on its two‐level cross‐checking. All possible combinations for the calculation of the trend test and cross‐checking are created to explore their efficiency. The proposed methods are tested against real data sets from a chemical process system of the Centre for Research and Technology Hellas/Chemical Process Energy and Resources Institute derived from specific scenarios during nominal operating conditions.
Layer‐by‐Layer Synthesis of Thick Mesoporous TiO2 Films with Vertically Oriented Accessible Nanopores and Their Application for Lithium‐Ion Battery Negative Electrodes
Authors: Nagpure Suraj , Zhang Qinglin , Khan M. Arif , Islam Syed Z. , Xu Jiagang , Strzalka Joseph , Cheng Yang‐Tse , Knutson Barbara L. , Rankin Stephen E. 
Published: July 2018

AbstractTiO2 films of varying thicknesses (up to ≈1.0 µm) with vertically oriented, accessible 7–9 nm nanopores are synthesized using an evaporation‐induced self‐assembly layer‐by‐layer technique. The hypothesis behind the approach is that epitaxial alignment of hydrophobic blocks of surfactant templates induces a consistent, accessible mesophase orientation across a multilayer film, ultimately leading to continuous, vertically aligned pore channels. Characterization using grazing incidence X‐ray scattering, scanning electron microscopy, and impedance spectroscopy indicates that the pores are oriented vertically even in relatively thick films (up to 1 µm). These films contain a combination of amorphous and nanocrystalline anatase titania of value for electrochemical energy storage. When applied as negative electrodes in lithium‐ion batteries, a capacity of 254 mAh g−1 is obtained after 200 cycles for a single‐layer TiO2 film prepared on modified substrate, higher than on unmodified substrate or nonporous TiO2 film, due to the high accessibility of the vertically oriented channels in the films. Thicker films on modified substrate have increased absolute capacity because of higher mass loading but a reduced specific capacity because of transport limitations. These results suggest that the multilayer epitaxial approach is a viable way to prepare high capacity TiO2 films with vertically oriented continuous nanopores.