bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Le département de l’Eure sous le Directoire
Authors: André Goudeau 
Published: August 2018

Après la Terreur, Incroyables et Merveilleuses tenaient le haut du pavé à Paris, formant une société frivole, dominée par une minorité de parvenus enrichis trop vite. Mais qu’en était-il en province et particulièrement en Normandie entre 1794 et 1800 ?

Proche de Paris, le département de l’Eure allait-il se reconnaître dans le régime institué par la Constitution de l'an III ? Héritier des sociétés populaires, le jacobinisme, appuyé par les deux frères Lindet, conventionnels montagnards originaires de Bernay, était-il en mesure de peser sur la vie politique locale ?

L’Eure, se trouvant aussi, par les cantons bocagers du pays d’Ouche, en limite de l’Ouest rebelle et chouan de la Normandie orientale, fut affecté par la chouannerie normande, relayée par le brigandage des « chauffeurs » de la bande à Robillard. L’administration du département et le commissaire Crochon durent faire face à cette « malveillance ». Tâche rendue d’autant plus difficile qu’entre l’an IV et l'an VIII, leur « républicanisme » était contesté par les néo-jacobins qui se réunissaient au sein des cercles constitutionnels et s’exprimaient dans le Bulletin de l’Eure du journaliste Touquet.

Parallèlement à leurs constants efforts pour assurer le maintien de l’ordre, les administrateurs départementaux, s’appuyant sur les municipalités de canton, cherchèrent à développer une culture républicaine, soutenant notamment les efforts de Rever pour faire de l’école centrale d’Évreux un établissement scolaire innovant sur le plan pédagogique. Il fallait également organiser de fréquentes fêtes civiques et encourager les cultes révolutionnaires pour concurrencer un catholicisme en crise, dans un diocèse où le clergé constitutionnel, désemparé par l’abdication de l’évêque Lindet, tentait néanmoins de se réorganiser.

Cet ouvrage présente les mutations intervenues dans le département entre Thermidor et Brumaire. À travers l’exemple de l’Eure, il s’agit de montrer que le Directoire, ce régime mal-aimé, a toutefois présenté certaines innovations, contribuant à préparer les futures expériences républicaines de la France du xixe siècle.
Les Précurseurs de l’oralité scolaire en Europe
Authors: Langlois Roberte 
Published: August 2018

« Quand on sait, on se tait ! » : cette injonction paradoxale, que l'on peut aujourd'hui encore entendre dans une salle de classe, montre le rapport ambigu qu'entretient le couple parole et savoir au sein du système éducatif français. Cet ouvrage éclaire la question de l'oralité scolaire, point aveugle de la recherche en éducation, à travers l'histoire des idées éducatives.

En soulevant la question de l'héritage républicain et plus largement, en mettant à jour un réseau de précurseurs européens de l'éducation dont l'idéal est centré sur le concept de parole vivante, cet ouvrage propose, à l'échelle européenne, une réflexion sur les enjeux et la dimension anthropologique de l'oralité scolaire.
Histoire des institutions de la vie politique et de la société françaises de 1789 à 1945
Authors: Bouveresse Jacques 
Published: August 2018

Ce manuel d'histoire des institutions présente deux particularités :

Il prétend d'abord effacer la frontière classique entre les matières relevant du droit public (organisation de l'État et de l'administration) et celles qui tiennent au droit privé (famille, travail, propriété). Séparation dont la critique est passée en lieu commun, mais qui, dans les ouvrages rédigés à l'usage des étudiants en droit, est encore et toujours strictement maintenue.

La formule du mémento a été délibérément écartée. Pas question pour nous d'accabler la mémoire du lecteur, de l'égarer dans la broussaille des détails, de multiplier les énumérations sans substance et sans interprétation. Les faits, les événements, les institutions, les dates viennent simplement à l'appui d'une démonstration : celle qui consiste à mettre en évidence la poussée au cours de ces deux siècles (1750-1945) d'une démocratie à la fois raisonnable et exigeante, opposée à l'hydre constamment renaissante de l'oligarchie, lutte éternelle qui est de l'essence même de la politique.
La Cour de justice précise les conditions de bénéfice de la protection renforcée contre l’éloignement
Authors: Rouy Mathieu 
Published: August 2018

L’arrêt rendu par la Grande Chambre de la CJUE le 17 avril 2018 laisse son lecteur perplexe. La Cour de justice était amenée à préciser les conditions de bénéfice de la protection renforcée contre l’éloignement prévue à l’article 28, paragraphe 3, de la directive 2004/38. Si la Cour estime que le droit de séjour permanent est un préalable indispensable à une telle protection, elle estime, toutefois, que l’emprisonnement ne prive pas automatiquement le citoyen du bénéfice de celle-ci.
THE SPECTRUM OF HYPEREOSINOPHILIA AND ASSOCIATED CLONAL DISORDERS – A REAL WORLD DATA FROM A TROPICAL SETTING.
Authors: Sreedharanunni Sreejesh , Varma Neelam , Singh Sachdeva Man Updesh , Naseem Shano , Malhotra Pankaj , Bansal Deepak , Trehan Amita , Varma Subhash 
Published: August 2018

Objective: To determine the frequency, etiological spectrum and treatment outcome of hypereosinophilia (HE) and hypereosinophilic syndrome (HES) in a tropical setting.Methods: A retrospective analysis of hospital data of five years and a comprehensive prospective evaluation of patients presenting with HE/HES over a period of 33 months was performed.Results: HE/HES was diagnosed in total of 125 patients during study period with an estimated prevalence of 0.5-1 case per one lakh population in our hospital settings. Infections, especially helminthes were the commonest cause (34%) followed by primary/clonal HE/HES (24%) and reactive HE/HES secondary to various clonal disorders (14.3%). Lymphocytic variant of HES and FIP1L1-PDGFRA positive HES were diagnosed in 3.6% each. Imatinib responsive BCR-ABL1 negative HE/HES constitute 7.1% in our patients.Conclusions: None of the clinical or routine laboratory features including the age of patients, duration of HE, presence or absence of organomegaly, hemoglobin levels, eosinophil %, absolute eosinophil count, total leukocyte count, platelet counts, serum IgE levels or presence of myelofibrosis can be used to predict or exclude malignancy in patients with HE/HES. The absence of blasts in peripheral blood or the absence of >5% blasts in bone marrow does not exclude primary/clonal HES. Clonal disorders (Primary HES and reactive HES secondary to clonal disorders; 38%) are diagnosed with nearly equal frequency compared to infections (34%) in tropical settings necessitating a thorough follow-up and comprehensive work-up in these patients.
PERIPHERAL NERVOUS SYSTEM INVOLVEMENT IN LYMPHOPROLIFERATIVE DISORDERS
Authors: Sabatelli Mario , Laurenti Luca , Luigetti Marco 
Published: August 2018

Peripheral neuropathies are a vast group of diseases with heterogeneous aetiologies, including genetic and acquired causes. Several haematological disorders may cause an impairment of the peripheral nervous system, with diverse mechanisms and variable clinical, electrophysiological and pathological manifestations. In this practical review we considered the main phenotypes of peripheral nervous diseases and examined the haematological disorders which may associate with each of them.The area of intersection of neurological and haematological fields is of particular complexity and raises several problems in clinical practice. The personal crosstalk between neurologists and haematologists remains a fundamental tool for a proper diagnostic process which may lead to successful treatments in most cases.
Applied Virtual Environments: Applications of Virtual Environments to Government, Military and Business Organizations
Authors: Allen Patrick D. , Demchak Chris C. 
Published: August 2018

Virtual environments (VEs) such as Second Life or World of Warcraft can be more than entertainment; they also offer new ways to test concepts and prototypes, train employees, and anticipate actions of an opponent. The U.S. military and other government organizations are applying VEs to support achieving training, operational, and rehearsal objectives. Business enterprises are starting to use virtual realities to lower costs and increase capabilities. This paper provides a systematic characterization and analysis of the features of VEs that improve organizational effectiveness. The paper describes: first, the key elements of a virtual world; second, the Use Modes or methods by which virtual worlds can be used to achieve a wide range of business or military objectives; third, a categorization of the wide range of application areas to which VEs can be applied; and lastly, the current limitations, emerging opportunities, and future research recommendations for using VEs to achieve organizational objectives.
Detection of a climatological short break in the polar night jet in early winter and its relation to cooling over Siberia
Authors: Ando Yuta , Yamazaki Koji , Tachibana Yoshihiro , Ogi Masayo , Ukita Jinro 
Published: August 2018

Abstract. The polar night jet (PNJ) is a strong stratospheric westerly circumpolar wind
at around 65∘ N in winter, and the strength of the climatological
PNJ is widely recognized to increase from October through late December.
Remarkably, the climatological PNJ temporarily stops increasing during late
November. We examined this “short break” in terms of the atmospheric dynamical
balance and the climatological seasonal march. We found that it results from
an increase in the upward propagation of climatological planetary waves from
the troposphere to the stratosphere in late November, which coincides with a
maximum of the climatological Eliassen–Palm (EP) flux convergence in the lower
stratosphere. The upward propagation of planetary waves at 100 hPa, which is
strongest over Siberia, is related to the climatological strengthening of the
tropospheric trough over Siberia. We suggest that longitudinally asymmetric
forcing by land–sea heating contrasts caused by their different heat
capacities can account for the strengthening of the trough.
Incidence and Risk Factors for Postoperative Hypothermia After Orthopaedic Surgery
Authors: Kleimeyer John P. , Harris Alex H. S. , Sanford Joseph , Maloney William J. , Kadry Bassam , Bishop Julius A. 
Published: August 2018

Introduction:
Postoperative hypothermia is a common complication of orthopaedic surgery associated with increased morbidity. We identified the incidence and risk factors for postoperative hypothermia across orthopaedic surgical procedures.

Methods:
A total of 3,822 procedures were reviewed. Hypothermia was defined as temperature <36.0°C. Incidences were calculated and associated risk factors were evaluated by mixed-effects regression analyses.

Results:
Hypothermia was observed in 72.5% of patients intraoperatively and 8.3% postoperatively. Risk factors for postoperative hypothermia included intraoperative hypothermia (odds ratio [OR], 2.72), lower preoperative temperature (OR, 1.46), female sex (OR, 1.42), lower body mass index (OR, 1.06 per kg/m2), older age (OR, 1.02 per year), adult reconstruction by specialty (OR, 4.06), and hip and pelvis procedures by anatomic region (OR, 8.76).

Discussion:
Intraoperative and postoperative hypothermia are common in patients who have undergone orthopaedic surgery. The high-risk groups identified in this study warrant increased attention and should be targets for interventions to prevent hypothermia and limit morbidity.

Level of Evidence:
Level IV, prognostic study
Recurrent Fragility Fractures: A Cross-sectional Analysis
Authors: Dang Debbie Y. , Zetumer Samuel , Zhang Alan L. 
Published: August 2018

Introduction:
Despite growing rates of fragility fractures, there has been a lack of research investigating the risk and characteristics of recurrent fragility fractures.

Methods:
The Medicare Standard Analytic Files database was used to identify patients from 2005 to 2009 who were older than 65 years, had a diagnosis of osteoporosis or osteopenia, and sustained a fragility fracture of the proximal humerus, distal radius, hip, ankle, or vertebral column. The incidence and type of recurrent fragility fracture were tracked over a 36-month period.

Results:
A total of 1,059,212 patients had an initial fragility fracture from 2005 to 2009. Of these patients, 5.8% had a subsequent fragility fracture within 1 year for their initial fracture, 8.8% within 2 years, and 11.3% within 3 years. At 3-year follow-up, hip fractures were the most common type of subsequent fracture, regardless of the initial fracture type (6.5%, P < 0.001). Vertebral compression and proximal humerus fractures (13.8% and 13.2%, respectively) were most likely to be associated with a recurrent fragility fracture.

Conclusion:
Patients who have any type of fragility fracture have a notable risk of subsequent fractures within 3 years, especially hip fractures. These patients should be evaluated and treated for underlying risks factors, including osteoporosis and/or osteopenia.

Level of Evidence:
Retrospective, level III
Measuring the restorativeness of restorative justice: the case of the Mosaica Jerusalem Programme
Authors: Gal Tali , Dancig-Rosenberg Hadar , Enosh Guy 
Published: August 2018

Measuring the restorativeness of restorative justice: the case of the Mosaica Jerusalem Programme
This study uses a Jerusalem-based restorative justice programme as a case study to characterise community restorative justice (CRJ) conferences. On the basis of the Criminal Law Taxonomy, an analytical instrument that includes seventeen measurable characteristics, it examines the procedural elements of the conferences, their content, goals and the role of participants. The analysis uncovers an unprecedented multiplicity of conference characteristics, including the level of flexibility, the existence of victim-offender dialogue, the involvement of the community and a focus on rehabilitative, future-oriented outcomes. The findings offer new insights regarding the theory and practice of CRJ and the gaps between the two.
Rhinoscleroma
Authors: Umphress Brandon , Raparia Kirtee 
Published: August 2018

Context.—Rhinoscleroma is a rare, chronic, infectious granulomatous process involving the upper respiratory tract caused by gram-negative bacilli, Klebsiella rhinoscleromatis. The site most commonly affected is the nasopharynx; however, lesions in various other locations have been described.Objective.—To review the literature for all the reported cases of rhinoscleroma in the past 5 years.Data Sources.—Published cases of rhinoscleroma from a PubMed (National Center for Biotechnology Information, Bethesda, Maryland) search were reviewed.Conclusions.—Rhinoscleroma in nonendemic regions is extremely rare; however, with increased travel, immigration, and globalization, it is imperative to recognize this entity because the symptoms can be devastating and in some cases fatal. Although nasopharynx is the common site of involvement, unusual sites such as the trachea can be involved in rare cases. Rhinoscleroma can be managed effectively with a combination of antibiotics and surgical debridement and repair; however, recurrence rates do remain high.
De la critique des dispositifs à l’intermédialité pour approcher les productions artistiques : bilan des travaux du séminaire Intermedialidades (Université Toulouse-Jean Jaurès, France)
Authors: Corrons Fabrice , Garnier Emmanuelle , Gobbé-Mévellec Euriell , Lumière Émilie , Martinez Thomas Monique , Mohring Agatha , Péran Bruno , Surbezy Agnès , Yemsi-Paillissé Anne-Claire 
Published: August 2018

À l’occasion de la publication du numéro « Cartographier/Mapping » de la revue Intermédialités, le groupe des hispanistes du laboratoire LLA-CREATIS de l’Université Toulouse-Jean Jaurès a souhaité établir un bilan des travaux qu’il a menés depuis quatre ans en lien avec l’intermédialité, au sein du séminaire Intermedialidades. L’article s’attache ainsi à dégager les principales lignes de force de ces travaux, notamment : l’articulation des outils de l’intermédialité avec ceux de la critique des dispositifs développée au sein du laboratoire ces dix dernières années; l’intérêt de l’intermédialité entendue comme une approche conceptuelle plurielle pour explorer « l’entre-jeu complexe des médias » (Müller) dans toute production culturelle — artistique ou non —, quelles que soient son ampleur et sa complexité, et en mesurer finement les multiples enjeux; l’hypothèse, enfin, que dans cette perspective très large, il soit possible d’affirmer une spécificité du média artistique, que l’analyse d’objets intermédiaux permet de percevoir dans la mesure où ces objets peuvent porter la trace d’une intention artistique intermédiale, réfléchissant précisément sur la porosité, l’articulation, la friction entre les médias et sur la place de la création dans l’espace médiatique où elle émerge.
In pursuit of generalism: Basic factors influencing the specialty decisions of osteopathic medical school seniors in 1995
Authors: Singer Allen M. 
Published: August 2018

Abstract
An analysis of survey responses of seniors graduating from osteopathic medical schools in 1995 shows that the selection of the medical specialty they planned to pursue in their postgraduate training was considerably influenced by 10 common factors. These factors ranged from the students' orientation to people or techniques, to prestige and income associated with the specialty. The People orientation factor exerted a strong influence on students planning to pursue primary care specialties (defined as Family Practice, General Internal Medicine, and General Pediatrics). Similarly, for students planning to pursue a nonprimary care specialty, the Prestige/income, the Intellectual Content factor, and the Research Factor, with its absence of stress and opportunity for research in other nonprimary care fields, swayed their decision. These findings have implications for the medical school admissions process. If that process can be used to identify students who relate well to people and are more oriented to dealing with preventive medicine and the broad spectrum of health problems presented by individual patients, then it could become an even greater force in the movement toward generalism in medicine.
Effectiveness of five personal shark-bite deterrents for surfers
Authors: Huveneers Charlie , Whitmarsh Sasha , Thiele Madeline , Meyer Lauren , Fox Andrew , Bradshaw Corey J.A. 
Published: August 2018

The number of shark-human interactions and shark bites per capita has been increasing since the 1980s, leading to a rise in measures developed to mitigate the risk of shark bites. Yet many of the products commercially available for personal protection have not been scientifically tested, potentially providing an exaggerated sense of security to the people using them. We tested five personal shark deterrents developed for surfers (Shark Shield Pty Ltd[Ocean Guardian]Freedom+ Surf, Rpela, SharkBanz bracelet, SharkBanz surf leash,andChillax Wax) by comparing the percentage of baits taken, distance to the bait, number of passes, and whether a shark reaction could be observed. We did a total of 297 successful trials at the Neptune Islands Group Marine Park in South Australia, during which 44 different white sharks (Carcharodon carcharias) interacted with the bait, making a total of 1413 passes. The effectiveness of the deterrents was variable, with theFreedom+ Surfaffecting shark behaviour the most and reducing the percentage of bait taken from 96% (relative to the control board) to 40%. The mean distance of sharks to the board increased from 1.6 ± 0.1 m (control board) to 2.6 ± 0.1 m when theFreedom Surf+was active. The other deterrents had limited or no measureable effect on white shark behavour. Based on our power analyses, the smallest effect size that could be reliably detected was ∼15%, which for the first time provides information about the effect size that a deterrent study like ours can reliably detect. Our study shows that deterrents based on similar principles—overwhelming a shark’s electroreceptors (the ampullae of Lorenzini) with electrical pulses—differ in their efficacy, reinforcing the need to test each product independently. Our results will allow private and government agencies and the public to make informed decisions about the use and suitability of these five products.
A Highly Sensitive Force Sensor with Fast Response Based on Interlocked Arrays of Indium Tin Oxide Nanosprings toward Human Tactile Perception
Authors: Chun Sungwoo , Choi Il Yong , Son Wonkyeong , Bae Gi Yoon , Lee Eun Jae , Kwon Hyunah , Jung Jaimyun , Kim Hyoung Seop , Kim Jong Kyu , Park Wanjun 
Published: August 2018

AbstractDevelopment of a sensor for recognizing tactile feeling is essential for realizing artificial systems that can perform human tactile functions for various applications. For achieving the capability of human tactile sensation, highly sensitive responses are required not only to static pressures but also to dynamic high‐frequency vibrations. Here, a highly sensitive force sensor based on interlocked arrays of vertically aligned indium tin oxide (ITO) nanospring structures fabricated on a flexible polyethylene naphthalate substrate is presented. The combination of rigid ITO on the flexible substrate, its unique nanoscale spring‐like geometry, and the interlocking configuration results in sensitive responses to both static and dynamic pressures with a sub‐millisecond response time over wide pressure and frequency ranges appropriate for human tactile perception. Consequently, the sensor is capable of classifying eight fabrics possessing complex patterns with 99.8% accuracy. In addition, a flexible 14 × 14 force sensor matrix array is demonstrated, thus demonstrating the integration capability.
Molecular Design of Donor‐Acceptor‐Type Organic Photocatalysts for Metal‐free Aromatic C−C Bond Formations under Visible Light
Authors: Wang Lei , Byun Jeehye , Li Run , Huang Wei , Zhang Kai A. I. 
Published: August 2018

AbstractMetal‐free and photocatalytic radical‐mediated aromatic C−C bond formations offer a promising alternative pathway to the conventional transition metal‐catalyzed cross‐coupling reactions. However, the formation of aryl radicals from common precursors such as aryl halides is highly challenging due to their extremely high reductive potential. Here, we report a structural design strategy of donor‐acceptor‐type organic photocatalysts for visible light‐driven C−C bond formations through the reductive dehalogenation of aryl halides. The reduction potential of the photocatalysts could be systematically aligned to be −2.04 V vs. SCE via a simple heteroatom engineering of the donor‐acceptor moieties. The high reductive potential of the molecular photocatalyst could reduce various aryl halides into aryl radicals to form the C−C bond with heteroarenes. The designability of the molecular photocatalyst further allowed the synthesis of a high LUMO (lowest unoccupied molecular orbital) polymer photocatalyst by a self‐initiated free radical polymerization without compromising its LUMO level.magnified image