bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The discourse and coordination among advocacy coalitions: the case of Belo Monte
Authors: Vieira Diego Mota 
Published: October 2019

Purpose
This study aims to analyze the use of discourse to solve issues related to coordination between advocacy coalitions in processes of gradual and transformative institutional change related to public policies.

Design/methodology/approach
Theoretical background is based on the advocacy coalition framework (ACF), new discursive institutionalism and critical discourse analysis theories. The research examines shorthand notes of public hearings held in the Brazilian Chamber of Deputies and the Federal Senate between 1999 and 2012, carrying out a case study on Belo Monte hydroelectric power plant. The speech extracts were categorized according to the modes of operation of ideology and typical strategies of symbolic construction proposed by Thompson (1995).

Findings
The results suggest that the discourse can be an instrument of internal coordination and between coalitions that share beliefs about a policy, as in the case of Belo Monte. Potentially existing coalitions define their identities and set positions on controversial issues, aligning interests and expectations. In the case studied, the modes of operation of ideology verified as instruments of the coalitions were dissimulation, reification, fragmentation, unification and legitimation.

Research limitations/implications
The paper represents a unique analysis of the modes of operation of ideology (Thompson, 1999) in the case of Belo Monte. In addition, the paper aims to contribute to the New Discursive Institutionalism and to the ACF when it uses the critical discourse analysis to articulate a method to analyze the use of the Discourse by the coalitions. In fact, such an approach integrating the ACF, the New Discursive Institutionalism and the critical discourse analysis is something original. Finally, it also addresses a gap in ACF: issues related to advocacy coalition coordination.

Practical implications
Attentive readers linked to organizations working on infrastructure and environmental policies can benefit from the results by envisaging the deliberate manipulation of typical symbolic construction strategies and general modes of operation of ideology.

Social implications
The study sheds light on the daily and behind-the-scenes disputes among stakeholders who are interested in a certain public policy. It may draw attention to the access and professional use of the shorthand notes of the hearings held at the National Congress.

Originality/value
This paper aims to fill a gap pointed out by Jenkins-Smith et al. (2014) regarding problems of coordination of advocacy coalitions. In addition, it innovates by using critical discourse analysis as a methodological reference in ACF empirical studies. In addition, this work continues a trajectory of two other previously published studies dealing with the same phenomenon: a theoretical essay and a case study.
Resource allocation to strategies of quality management with FANP and Goal Programming approach
Authors: Rezaee Elham , Pooya Alireza 
Published: October 2019

Purpose
The purpose of this paper is to explore the relationship between effective strategies to improve the quality and quality management of allocated resources for the successful implementation of the strategies. For this purpose, three quality management resources (human, organizational and technological) and eight different strategies related to quality are considered.

Design/methodology/approach
The paper employs the fuzzy analytic network process (FANP) to prioritize and model the interactions between eight strategies, the three types of resources (human, organizational and technological) needed for effective strategy implementation and the ability to enhance quality. Then, Goal Programming (GP) is formulated by the output of the FANP to identify the extent to which each single strategy is inhibited by a lack of (or overloaded by) resources.

Findings
The first three priorities of strategies identified by the FANP include continuous management of quality system, continuous use of human knowledge and continuous approach toward target, and the order of resources is as follows: human resources, organizational resources and technological resources. The results obtained showed the largest share of human resources and its crucial role in improving the quality of the products. The contribution of organizational resources amounts to half of the contribution of human resources.

Originality/value
The main contribution of this paper is to employ the FANP to prioritize, whereas in prior studies in this area, priorities were conducted as definitive, and uncertainty in the opinion of experts was not considered. In this paper, the FANP–GP combined method is used.
Parasite infection leads to widespread glucocorticoid hormone increases in vertebrate hosts: A meta‐analysis
Authors: O’Dwyer Katie , Dargent Felipe , Forbes Mark R. , Koprivnikar Janet 
Published: October 2019

Abstract

Parasites and pathogens (hereafter parasites) commonly challenge organisms, but the extent to which their infections are physiologically stressful to hosts remains unclear. Importantly, vertebrate hormones, glucocorticoids (GCs), have been reported to increase, decrease or show no alterations stemming from infections, challenging the generality of parasite‐associated GC responses and motivating a search for important moderator variables.

We undertook the first meta‐analysis of changes in vertebrate GCs following experimental infection with parasites, extracting 146 effect sizes from 42 studies involving 32 host and 32 parasite species to test for general patterns of GC following infection, as well as the influence of moderators.

Overall, infection increased GCs relative to preliminary or control levels when the single largest effect sizes from repeated measures studies were examined, suggesting that parasites of vertebrate hosts can be thought of generally as physiological stressors by elevating GCs.

When all effect sizes were included along with the moderator of sampling time post‐infection (tPI), parasite infection still had a positive effect on host GCs. However, the strength of that effect did not relate consistently to tPI, illustrating temporal differences in GC changes during the course of infection among parasite taxa (e.g. arthropod vs. bacterial infections). Other moderator variables examined did not influence GC responses.

Studies broadening the range of host and parasite taxa, and sampling during critical time windows, would aid in our understanding of variation in the host stress response and its consequences for fitness of both vertebrate hosts and their parasites.
Fibrosis stage is an independent predictor of outcome in primary biliary cholangitis despite biochemical treatment response
Authors: Murillo Perez Carla F. , Hirschfield Gideon M. , Corpechot Christophe , Floreani Annarosa , Mayo Marlyn J. , van der Meer Adriaan , Ponsioen Cyriel Y. , Lammers Willem J. , Parés Albert , Invernizzi Pietro , Carbone Marco , Maria Battezzati Pier , Nevens Frederik , Kowdley Kris V. , Thorburn Douglas , Mason Andrew L. , Trivedi Palak J. , Lindor Keith D. , Bruns Tony , Dalekos George N. , Gatselis Nikolaos K. , Verhelst Xavier , Janssen Harry L.A. , Hansen Bettina E. , Gulamhusein Aliya ,   the GLOBAL PBC Study Group
Published: October 2019

SummaryBackgroundFibrosis stage predicts prognosis in patients with chronic liver disease independent of aetiology, although its precise role in risk stratification in patients with primary biliary cholangitis (PBC) remains undefined.AimTo assess the utility of baseline fibrosis stage in predicting long‐term outcomes in the context of biochemical risk stratificationMethodsIn a large and globally representative cohort of patients with PBC, liver biopsies performed from 1980 to 2014 were evaluated. The predictive ability of histologic fibrosis stage in addition to treatment response at 1 year (Toronto/Paris‐II criteria), as well as non‐invasive markers of fibrosis (AST/ALT ratio [AAR], AST to platelet ratio index [APRI], FIB‐4), for transplant‐free survival was assessed with Cox proportional‐hazards models.ResultsThere were 1828 patients with baseline liver biopsy. Advanced histologic fibrosis (stage 3/4) was an independent predictor of survival in addition to non‐invasive measures of fibrosis with the hazard ratios ranging from 1.59 to 2.73 (P < .001). Patients with advanced histologic fibrosis stage had worse survival despite biochemical treatment response, with a 10‐year survival of 76.0%‐86.6% compared to 94.5%‐95.1% depending on the treatment response criteria used. Poor correlations were observed between non‐invasive measures of fibrosis and histologic fibrosis stage.ConclusionAssessment of fibrosis stage grants prognostic value beyond biochemical treatment response at 1 year. This highlights the need to incorporate fibrosis stage in individual risk stratification in patients with PBC, partly to identify those that may derive benefit from novel therapies.
What makes hybrid insourcing successful: A new public–private partnership model for social welfare services
Authors: Yang Jae‐jin , Kim Hey Sung , Choi Seong Eun , Ryu Lanhee , Choi Young Jun 
Published: October 2019

AbstractOutsourcing has been a key policy tool for delivering a range of social services, and regarded as more effective than insourcing or direct government provision. At the same time, it has also caused many delivery issues such as principal‐agent problems, a lack of policy coordination, and poor‐quality welfare services. While the pendulum continues to swing between insourcing and outsourcing, we aim to propose a new public–private partnership model called the “hybrid insourcing model” and examine which factors influence the performance of the model. In South Korea, around 2010, the local government in Namyangju City was the first to implement the “Hope Care Center model,” a kind of hybrid insourcing model, which has been praised for its innovation and widely emulated by central and local governments. Our analysis utilizes data collected between December 2017 and January 2018 from public sector employees and civilian staff in Namyangju and a comparable city, A. From this, we draw a number of implications, both for theory and for policy. We argue that, for public–private partnerships, active cooperation and equality are the biggest factors in contributing to positive performance. These work alongside leaders with a clear vision and with employees' positive attitude.
The activity prediction of indole inhibitors against HCV NS5B polymerase
Authors: Muhire Jules , Zhai Hong Lin , Lu Shao Hua , Li Sha Sha , Yin Bo , Mi Jia Ying 
Published: October 2019

AbstractNon‐structural viral protein 5B (NS5B) is a viral protein in hepatitis C virus. Although various inhibitors against NS5B have been found, the activity prediction of similar untested inhibitors is still highly desirable. In this respect, the Tchebichef moments (TMs) calculated from the images of molecular structures were regarded as the independent variables while the inhibitory activity (pIC50) was the dependent variable, and the predictive model was established by means of stepwise regression. The R‐squared of leave‐one‐out cross‐validation (Q2) for the training set and the R‐squared of prediction () for external independent test set were 0.919 and 0.927, respectively. The obtained model was also evaluated strictly. Compared with the multivariate curve resolution with alternating least squares (MCR‐ALS) and the QSAR approaches derived from the literature, the proposed method is more accurate and reliable. This study not only provides an effective approach to predict the biological activity of RNA replication's inhibitors, but also extends the QSAR modeling technique.
Degradation studies of CI Reactive Blue 19 on biodegraded cellulosic fabrics via liquid chromatography‐photodiode array detection coupled to high resolution mass spectrometry
Authors: Sultana Nadia , Williams Kelsey , Ankeny Mary , Vinueza Nelson R. 
Published: October 2019

AbstractWhen textile substrates biodegrade in landfills, the fate of textile colorants is unknown, and potentially poses an ecotoxic threat. In this study, we developed a systematic analytical method to evaluate the biodegradation of reactive dyes, the most common class of dye applied to cotton fabrics. The cotton fabrics were dyed with CI Reactive Blue 19 and biodegraded in soil in a laboratory‐controlled environment over intervals of 45 and 90 days. A dye isolation method using a low concentration of alkali (0.15% sodium hydroxide) was developed and applied (80°C for 1 hour) to isolate intact and degraded dye from the fabric samples. To quantify the intact dye isolated from the fabric samples, a quantification method was then developed using liquid chromatography‐photodiode array detection. The quantification method provided excellent linearity (R2 = 0.9997 ± 0.0002), accuracy (% error = −2% ± 4), precision (% coefficient of variation = 2% ± 4) and sensitivity (lower limit of quantification = 0.4 ± 0.2 µg/mL) for concentrations ranging from 1 to 50 µg/mL. After validation, the method was applied and showed a reduction of dye in biodegraded samples (after 45 and 90 days) compared with undegraded control samples (0 days). To characterise the isolated dye degradation product, quadrupole time‐of‐flight tandem mass spectrometry was utilised. Analysis showed that the degradation product was formed by losing a group from the intact hydrolysed form of the dye, creating a more hydrophobic degradation product compared with the intact hydrolysed form of dye.
Sarcopenic obesity is associated with a faster decline in renal function in people with type 2 diabetes
Authors: Fukuda T. , Bouchi R. , Asakawa M. , Takeuchi T. , Shiba K. , Tsujimoto K. , Komiya C. , Yoshimoto T. , Ogawa Y. , Yamada T. 
Published: October 2019

AbstractAimTo evaluate the association between sarcopenic obesity and the decline in estimated GFR in people with type 2 diabetes.MethodsWe enrolled 745 people with type 2 diabetes (mean age 64.6 years, 53.6% men). Body composition was evaluated using dual‐energy X‑ray absorptiometry. Skeletal muscle index, calculated as appendicular non‐fat mass (kg) divided by height squared (m2), was used to determine sarcopenia. Sarcopenic obesity was defined as the coexistence of sarcopenia and a ratio of android to gynoid fat mass greater than the median values in each gender. The association of sarcopenic obesity both with the annual rate of decline in estimated GFR and a >30% decline in estimated GFR was evaluated using multivariate linear regression models and Cox proportional hazard models, respectively.ResultsParticipants with sarcopenic obesity were at an increased risk of a high annual rate of decline in estimated GFR, even after adjustment for the confounding variables (standardized β = −0.228, P <0.001). Sarcopenic obesity was also significantly associated with risk of a >30% decline in estimated GFR (hazard ratio 4.52, 95% CI 2.16–9.47; P < 0.01) in multivariate model.ConclusionsSarcopenic obesity evaluated by dual energy X‑ray absorptiometry is associated with a faster decline in renal function in people with type 2 diabetes.
Rescuing human development from a lip‐service syndrome
Authors: Hirai Tadashi , Comim Flavio , Jolly Richard 
Published: October 2019

AbstractMotivationDespite widespread acknowledgement of and praise for the Human Development Report by policy‐makers, practitioners and individual academics, the paradigm of human development has often lacked sustained academic and operational policy‐making attention.PurposeInvestigating this undesirable disconnect and discussing the possible reasons behind it, this article reveals two fundamental challenges: to make more specific the rich concepts of human development and to relate them to the dominant concepts of development, and to motivate and guide the context‐specific choices at the national and regional level.Approach and MethodsAddressing these challenges will require a more careful exploration of the theoretical and operational implications of the work of Amartya Sen and Martha Nussbaum, and of their adoption by the Human Development Report Office (HDRO) at the United Nations Development Programme (UNDP).ConclusionsTo achieve the adoption of the human development paradigm, the article makes some proposals both to the UNDP and to academia for the future directions of the Human Development (HD) approach.Policy implicationsThe proposals on HD seek to chart pathways out of the current economic stagnation and slowdown.
Environmental and biotic drivers of soil microbial β‐diversity across spatial and phylogenetic scales
Authors: Chalmandrier Loïc , Pansu Johan , Zinger Lucie , Boyer Frederic , Coissac Eric , Génin Alexandre , Gielly Ludovic , Lavergne Sébastien , Legay Nicolas , Schilling Vincent , Taberlet Pierre , Münkemüller Tamara , Thuiller Wilfried 
Published: October 2019

Soil microbial communities play a key role in ecosystem functioning but still little is known about the processes that determine their turnover (β‐diversity) along ecological gradients. Here, we characterize soil microbial β‐diversity at two spatial scales and at multiple phylogenetic grains to ask how archaeal, bacterial and fungal communities are shaped by abiotic processes and biotic interactions with plants. We characterized microbial and plant communities using DNA metabarcoding of soil samples distributed across and within eighteen plots along an elevation gradient in the French Alps. The recovered taxa were placed onto phylogenies to estimate microbial and plant β‐diversity at different phylogenetic grains (i.e. resolution). We then modeled microbial β‐diversities with respect to plant β‐diversities and environmental dissimilarities across plots (landscape scale) and with respect to plant β‐diversities and spatial distances within plots (plot scale). At the landscape scale, fungal and archaeal β‐diversities were mostly related to plant β‐diversity, while bacterial β‐diversities were mostly related to environmental dissimilarities. At the plot scale, we detected a modest covariation of bacterial and fungal β‐diversities with plant β‐diversity; as well as a distance–decay relationship that suggested the influence of ecological drift on microbial communities. In addition, the covariation between fungal and plant β‐diversity at the plot scale was highest at fine or intermediate phylogenetic grains hinting that biotic interactions between those clades depends on early‐evolved traits.Altogether, we show how multiple ecological processes determine soil microbial community assembly at different spatial scales and how the strength of these processes change among microbial clades. In addition, we emphasized the imprint of microbial and plant evolutionary history on today's microbial community structure.
Social and Emotional Loneliness: Longitudinal Stability, Interdependence, and Intergenerational Transmission Among Boys and Girls
Authors: Salo Anne‐Elina , Junttila Niina , Vauras Marja 
Published: October 2019

ObjectiveTo examine the longitudinal stability, interdependence, and intergenerational transmission of social and emotional loneliness among boys and girls.BackgroundThe benefits of a two‐dimensional loneliness measurement distinguishing between social and emotional loneliness are established; however, understanding of their possible developmental interdependence over time is lacking. Boys have been shown to experience more emotional loneliness, but gender‐specific differences in the intergenerational transmission of loneliness remain scarcely mapped.MethodTwo‐dimensional loneliness experiences were collected from 318 fourth‐ to sixth‐graders in Finland over five time points and from their parents at the first time point. Data were analyzed using structural equation modeling.ResultsThe developmental pathways of emotional and social loneliness dimensions were relatively independent of one another. Long‐term social loneliness of sons was predicted by their father's loneliness, and that of daughters was predicted by their mother's loneliness.ConclusionGender‐specific pathways in the intergenerational transmission of loneliness are a new finding and need further exploration in future research.ImplicationsA gender‐sensitive two‐dimensional approach is important given the distinct experiences and paths of social and emotional loneliness between boys and girls. Supporting children and their families is crucial to intervene in the paths of loneliness at an early stage.
Acute forced exercise increasesBdnf IV mRNAand reduces exploratory behavior in C57BL/6J mice
Authors: Venezia Andrew C. , Hyer Molly M. , Glasper Erica R. , Roth Stephen M. , Quinlan Elizabeth M. 
Published: October 2019

AbstractAcute exercise has been shown to improve memory in humans. Potential mechanisms include increasedBdnfexpression, noradrenergic activity and modification of glutamate receptors. Because mice are commonly used to study exercise and brain plasticity, it is important to explore how acute exercise impacts behavior in this model. C57BL/6J mice were assigned to three groups: control, moderate‐intensity running, and high‐intensity running. Control mice were placed on a stationary treadmill for 30 minutes and moderate‐ and high‐intensity mice ran for 30 minutes at 12 and 15‐17 m/min, respectively. Mice were sacrificed immediately after running and the hippocampus removed. TotalBdnf,Bdnfexon IV, and glutamate receptor subunits were quantified with quantitative polymerase chain reaction. Total and phosphorylated GluR1 (Ser845 and Ser831) protein was quantified following immunoblotting. Utilizing the same protocol for control and high‐intensity running, object location memory was examined in a separate cohort of mice. Anxiety‐like behavior was assessed in the open field task (OFT) in a third cohort of mice that were separated into four groups: control‐saline, control‐DSP‐4, acute exercise‐saline, and acute exercise‐DSP‐4. DSP‐4 was used to lesion the central noradrenergic system. We observed higherBdnf IVmRNA in high‐intensity runners compared to controls, but no effects of acute exercise on memory. In the OFT, runners traveled less distance and spent more time grooming than controls. DSP‐4 did not attenuate the effects of exercise. A single bout of exercise increasesBdnf IVmRNA in an intensity‐dependent manner; however, high‐intensity running reduces exploratory behavior in C57BL/6J mice.