bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Retrosplenial cortical representations of space and future goal locations develop with learning
Authors: Miller Adam M. P. , Mau William , Smith David M. 
Published: May 2018

AbstractThe retrosplenial cortex (RSC) is important for long-term contextual memory and spatial navigation, but little is known about how RSC neural representations develop with experience. We recorded neuronal activity in the RSC of rats as they learned a continuous spatial alternation task and found that the RSC slowly developed a population-level representation of the rat’s spatial location and current trajectory to the goal. After the rats reached peak performance, RSC firing patterns became predictive of navigation accuracy and even began to represent the upcoming goal location as the rats approached the choice point. These neural representations emerged at the same time that lesions impaired performance, suggesting that the RSC gradually acquired task representations that contribute to navigational decision-making.
Phosphatidylinositol 4,5-bisphosphate regulates cilium transition zone maturation inDrosophila melanogaster
Authors: Gupta Alind , Fabian Lacramioara , Brill Julie A. 
Published: May 2018

AbstractCilia are cellular antennae that are essential for human development and physiology. A large number of genetic disorders linked to cilium dysfunction are associated with proteins that localize to the ciliary transition zone (TZ), a structure at the base of cilia that regulates trafficking in and out of the cilium. Despite substantial effort to identify TZ proteins and their roles in cilium assembly and function, processes underlying maturation of TZs are not well understood. Here, we report a role for the membrane lipid phosphatidylinositol 4,5-bisphosphate (PIP2) in TZ maturation in theDrosophila melanogastermale germline. We show that reduction of cellular PIP2levels by ectopic expression of a phosphoinositide phosphatase or mutation of the type I phosphatidylinositol phosphate kinase Skittles induces formation of longer than normal TZs. These hyperelongated TZs exhibit functional defects, including loss of plasma membrane tethering. We also report that theonion rings(onr) allele of Drosophilaexo84decouples TZ hyperelongation from loss of cilium-plasma membrane tethering. Our results reveal a requirement for PIP2in supporting ciliogenesis by promoting proper TZ maturation.Brief summary statementThe authors show that the membrane phospholipid PIP2, and the kinase that produces PIP2called Skittles, are needed for normal ciliary transition zone morphology and function in the Drosophila male germline.
Cerebral organoid proteomics reveals signatures of dysregulated cortical development associated with human trisomy 21
Authors: McClure-Begley Tristan D. , Ebmeier Christopher C. , Ball Kerri E. , Jacobsen Jeremy R. , Kogut Igor , Bilousova Ganna , Klymkowsky Michael W. , Old William M. 
Published: May 2018

SUMMARYHuman trisomy 21 (Down syndrome) is the most common genetic cause of intellectual disability, and is associated with complex perturbations in protein expression during development. Brain region-specific alterations in neuronal density and composition originate prenatally in trisomy 21 individuals, and are presumed to underlie the intellectual disability and early onset neurodegeneration that characterizes Down syndrome. However, the mechanisms by which chromosome 21 aneuploidy drives alterations in the central nervous system are not well understood, particularly in brain regions that are uniquely human and thus inaccessible to established animal models. Cerebral organoids are pluripotent stem cell derived models of prenatal brain development that have been used to deepen our understanding of the atypical processes associated with human neurobiological disorders, and thus provide a promising avenue to explore the molecular basis for neurodevelopmental alterations in trisomy 21. Here, we employ high-resolution label-free mass spectrometry to map proteomic changes over the course of trisomy 21 cerebral organoid development, and evaluate the proteomic alterations in response to treatment with harmine, a small molecule inhibitor of the chromosome 21 encoded protein kinase DYRK1A. Our results reveal trisomy 21 specific dysregulation of networks associated with neurogenesis, axon guidance and extracellular matrix remodeling. We find significant overlap of these networks show significant overlap with previously identified dysregulated gene expression modules identified in trisomy 21 fetal brain tissue. We show that harmine leads to partial normalization of key regulators of cortical development, including WNT7A and the transcription factors TBR1, BCL11A, and POU3F2, pointing to a causative role for DYRK1A over-expression in neurodevelopmental effects of human trisomy 21.
Selectively increased autofluorescence at certain locations of skin may become a novel diagnostic biomarker for lung cancer
Authors: Zhang Mingchao , Tao Yue , Chang Qing , Li Yujia , Chu Tianqing , Ying Weihai 
Published: May 2018

AbstractEarly diagnosis is critical for improving the 5-year survival rate of lung cancer patients. Our current study tested our hypothesis that increased autofluorescence (AF) of skin and nails may become a novel diagnostic biomarker of lung cancer, which has generated the following findings: First, our study on a mouse model of lung cancer has shown that development of lung cancer led to a marked increase in the epidermal green AF of the mice. Second, the AF intensity of the untreated lung cancer patients was significantly higher than that of the healthy persons and the pulmonary infection patients at certain examined locations of the skin and fingernails. Third, the ‘Pattern of AF’ of healthy controls, pulmonary infection patients and untreated lung cancer patients was markedly different from each other. Fourth, when the number of the locations with increased AF was used as the sole diagnostic parameter, our ROC analysis showed that the AUC was 0.9067 for differentiating the healthy controls and the untreated lung cancer patients. Collectively, our study has indicated that development of lung cancer is sufficient to induce increases in the epidermal green AF of both mice and human subjects. Our study has also indicated that the ‘Pattern of AF’ of lung cancer patients could become a novel biomarker of lung cancer, which holds great promise for non-invasive, rapid and economic diagnosis and screening of lung cancer.
Gauging the development of innovative capabilities in Accounting and Finance students: can they drive the national innovation agenda?
Authors: Jackson Denise 
Published: May 2018

AbstractAs automation catalyses the shift from number‐crunching to more complex roles spanning risk management and strategic decision‐making, it is important that higher education is developing the capabilities for Accounting and Finance graduates to successfully contribute to innovation. The study gauges the development of innovative capabilities among students and new graduates using national data from 2012 to 2015. It identifies gaps in the development of certain capabilities, discusses the implications of these and presents strategies for improvement. Findings will inform stakeholders how to better prepare these graduates to contribute to innovation and, ultimately, improve economic growth and global competitiveness in Australia.
Regional landscape response to thrust belt dynamics: The Iglesia basin, Argentina
Authors: Ruetenik Gregory A. , Hoke Gregory D. , Moucha Robert , Val Pedro 
Published: May 2018

AbstractIntermontane basins are often the result of regionally variable uplift in tectonic settings. Wedge‐top basins, a type of intermontane basin, form along thrust faults within a fold and thrust belt, and provide an ideal environment to study the regional fluvial and surface response to local variations in rock uplift. This study simulates the formation and evolution of an intermontane basin using a landscape evolution model. The modelling results demonstrate that large trunk streams maintain connectivity during basin formation for two reasons: (1) their stream power is enhanced by the capture of smaller streams, enabling them to incise through the uplifting downstream region, and (2) they acquire increased sediment yield to completely infill the upstream accommodation space rather than forming an endorhic basin. During active deformation of the fold‐and‐thrust belt, both channel slope and erosion rates are reduced upstream of the intermontane basin and these changes propagate as a wave of low erosion into the uplands. For a uniform background uplift rate in a landscape previously at steady state, this reduced rate of erosion results in a net surface uplift upstream of the basin. Following the eventual breach of the basin's bounding structural barrier, a wave of high erosion propagates through the basin and increases the channel slope. This onset of increased erosion can be delayed by up to several million years relative to the onset of downstream uplift. Observed paleoerosion rates in paired wedge‐top and foreland basin sequences, and present‐day stream profiles in the Argentine Precordillera support our modelling results. Our results may be extrapolated to other foreland systems, and are potentially identifed using low‐temperature thermochronometers in addition to paleoerosion rates.
Discovery of benzimidazole‐based Leishmania mexicana cysteine protease CPB2.8ΔCTE inhibitors as potential therapeutics for leishmaniasis
Authors: De Luca Laura , Ferro Stefania , Buemi Maria Rosa , Monforte Anna‐Maria , Gitto Rosaria , Schirmeister Tanja , Maes Louis , Rescifina Antonio , Micale Nicola 
Published: May 2018

Chemotherapy is currently the only effective approach to treat all forms of leishmaniasis. However, its effectiveness is severely limited due to high toxicity, long treatment length, drug resistance, or inadequate mode of administration. As a consequence, there is a need to identify new molecular scaffolds and targets as potential therapeutics for the treatment of this disease. We report a small series of 1,2‐substituted‐1H‐benzo[d]imidazole derivatives (9a–d) showing affinity in the submicromolar range (Ki = 0.15–0.69 μM) toward Leishmania mexicanaCPB2.8ΔCTE, one of the more promising targets for antileishmanial drug design. The compounds confirmed activity in vitro against intracellular amastigotes of Leishmania infantum with the best result being obtained with derivative 9d (IC50 = 6.8 μM), although with some degree of cytotoxicity (CC50 = 8.0 μM on PMM and CC50 = 32.0 μM on MCR‐5). In silico molecular docking studies and ADME‐Tox properties prediction were performed to validate the hypothesis of the interaction with the intended target and to assess the drug‐likeness of these derivatives.
Enduring Association Between Parenting and Cortisol: A Meta‐analysis
Authors: Hackman Daniel A. , O'Brien Jacqueline R. , Zalewski Maureen 
Published: May 2018

Warm caregiving is associated with concurrent hypothalamic–pituitary–adrenocortical (HPA) axis function, although the persistence of this association over time is less established. Using longitudinal and intervention studies, this meta‐analysis examined the enduring association of parental warmth (measured when children were ages < 1 through 15 years) with basal cortisol, reactivity and recovery (measured when children were ages < 1 through 25 years; k = 38; N = 6,608). These studies demonstrate no overall associations between parenting and children's HPA axis; instead there are small associations that vary based on moderators such as socioeconomic status, developmental stage, study design and stressor type, though many moderators are confounded. This first wave of studies indicates that the enduring association between parenting and cortisol is small and only understood in the context of other factors, and directly informs four sets of methodological and theoretical recommendations to strengthen this literature.
Watch‐PAT versus level III device in diagnosing sleep disordered breathing in first myocardial infarction
Authors: Ting Jeanette , Tan Li‐Ling , Balakrishnan Iswaree Devi , Chan Siew‐Pang , Yeo Tiong‐Cheng , Lee Chi‐Hang 
Published: May 2018

AbstractBackgroundWatch‐PAT 200, a novel portable sleep device worn on the wrist, has been validated against polysomnography. Although sleep disordered breathing (SDB) screening is recommended in patients with cardiovascular disease, no study has reported a comparison of results from Watch‐PAT 200 and level III portable devices.MethodsPatients (n = 140) admitted with a first ST‐segment elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI) participated in a hospital‐based sleep study using the Watch‐PAT 200 and a level III portable device (Embletta Gold) simultaneously within five days of admission. SDB was defined as an apnea‐hypopnea index (AHI) of >15 events/h.ResultsThe left ventricular ejection fraction was normal (≥50%), impaired (30%‐49%) and poor (<30%) in 66 (47.1%), 71 (50.7%), and three (2.2%) patients, respectively. Among 116 patients with a successful paired sleep study, the prevalence of SDB was 53.5% (Watch‐PAT 200) and 51.7% (Embletta Gold). The agreement of AHI measured by the two devices was moderately good, with an intra‐class correlation value of 0.72 (95% confidence interval, 0.62‐0.80; P < .01). Agreement between the two devices in diagnosing at least mild (AHI ≥5), moderate‐to‐severe (AHI ≥15) and severe (AHI ≥30) SDB was 78% (kappa 0.47; P < .01), 77% (kappa 0.55; P < .01) and 80% (kappa 0.49; P < .01), respectively. At a 15‐month follow‐up, SDB status based on the two devices was associated with the occurrence of adverse cardiovascular events in 48.3% and 44.8%, respectively (P = .56).ConclusionWe found a high prevalence of SDB in patients presenting with a first STEMI. Agreement between two portable sleep devices was moderately good.
Cardiovascular risk factors in adolescents with prediabetes
Authors: Casagrande S. S. , Menke A. , Linder B. , Osganian S. K. , Cowie C. C. 
Published: May 2018

AbstractAimsAdolescents with Type 2 diabetes are more likely to have cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk factors but there are few data available among adolescents with prediabetes. We characterized CVD risk factors among adolescents with prediabetes in the USA and compared levels of those risk factors with adolescents with normal glucose.MethodsThe 2005–2014 National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey, a nationally representative cross‐sectional survey, included 2843 adolescents aged 12–19 years after excluding those with diabetes. Prediabetes was based on an HbA1c, a fasting plasma glucose or a 2‐h plasma glucose. We determined cardiometabolic risk factors in adolescents using age‐appropriate cut‐off points. We calculated odds ratios (OR) and 95% confidence intervals (CI) of these outcomes associated with having prediabetes compared with normal glucose levels.ResultsThe weighted prevalence of prediabetes was 17.4%. After adjustment, prediabetes (vs. normal glucose) was associated with obesity (OR 1.86, 95% CI 1.35–2.55), low HDL‐cholesterol (OR 1.62, 95% CI 1.08–2.44), high triglycerides (OR 1.61, 95% CI 1.12–2.30) and elevated liver transaminase (OR 2.09, 95% CI 1.19–3.67), but not with hypertension (OR 1.77, 95% CI 0.88–3.54), elevated total cholesterol (OR 1.30, 95% CI 0.82–2.06), elevated LDL‐cholesterol (OR 1.59, 95% CI 0.88–2.88) or albuminuria (OR 1.24, 95% CI 0.76–2.02).ConclusionsUS adolescents with prediabetes are more likely to have obesity, low HDL‐cholesterol, high triglycerides and elevated liver transaminase than adolescents with normal glucose. Addressing prediabetes in youth is important for the prevention of Type 2 diabetes and long‐term comorbidity.
Nonhemorrhagic joint disorders and vitamin K antagonists: an under‐recognized adverse drug reaction?
Authors: Béné Johana , Rousselin Clémentine , Bagheri Haleh , Vial Thierry , Gautier Sophie , Lambert Marc 
Published: May 2018

AbstractIsolated arthralgia, without hemorrhagic side effect, exists and is considered as a very rare adverse drug reaction according to vitamin K antagonists’ (VKAs) summary of product characteristics. Up to now, there are no literature reports of isolated, nonhemorrhagic joint complications in patients receiving VKAs. Hence, the objective of this study was to describe cases of VKA‐related nonhemorrhagic joint disorders (fluindione, warfarin, and acenocoumarol) reported in the French Pharmacovigilance Database (FPVD). Sixty‐one reports (male : female ratio, 1.18; median [interquartile range (IQR)] age: 60 [49–72]) were found. Fluindione, warfarin, and acenocoumarol were respectively suspected in 42, 12, and 7 cases. Arthralgia was reported in 47 cases (77%), arthritis in nine cases (15%), capsulitis in three cases (5%), and bursitis in two cases (3%). Although the joint symptoms mainly concerned the lower limbs, all types of joints were affected. Arthralgia was associated with myalgia in 14 cases and with tendinitis in three cases. The median (IQR) time interval between VKA introduction and arthralgia onset was 26 (10–98) days (range: 1–6935). VKA was withdrawn in 44 cases, and a decrease in the intensity of joint symptoms was observed in 30 cases. In three cases, reintroduction of the same VKA led to the recurrence of symptoms. In view of the large prescription of this drug class worldwide, patients and clinicians (and especially primary care physicians and geriatricians) should be aware of this possible adverse drug reaction when confronted with joint disorders in patients of all ages taking VKAs.
Trends of infodemiology studies: a scoping review
Authors: Zeraatkar Kimia , Ahmadi Maryam 
Published: May 2018

AbstractIntroductionThe health care industry is rich in data and information. Web technologies, such as search engines and social media, have provided an opportunity for the management of user generated data in real time in the form of infodemiology studies. The aim of this study was to investigate infodemiology studies conducted during 2002–2016, and compare them based on developed, developing and in transition countries.MethodsThis scoping review was conducted in 2017 with the help of the PRISMA guidelines. PubMed, Scopus, Science Direct, Web of Knowledge, Google Scholar, Wiley and Springer databases were searched between the years 2002 and 2016. Finally, 56 articles were included in the review and analysed.ResultsThe initial infodemiology studies pertain to the quality assessment of the hospital's websites. Most of the studies were on developed countries, based on flu, and published in the Journal of Medical Internet Research.ConclusionThe infodemiology approach provides unmatched opportunities for the management of health data and information generated by the users. Using this potential will provide unique opportunities for the health information need assessment in real time by health librarians and thereby provide evidence based health information to the people.
Vacuum impregnation of chitosan‐based edible coating in minimally processed pumpkin
Authors: Soares Ariana de Souza , Ramos Afonso Mota , Vieira Érica Nascif Rufino , Vanzela Ellen Silva Lago , de Oliveira Patrícia Martins , Paula Daniele de Almeida 
Published: May 2018

SummaryThe goal of this research was to evaluate the use of vacuum impregnation (VI) and soaking techniques (ST) in the application of edible coatings of chitosan and chitosan + lauric acid to minimally processed pumpkins (MPP). The vacuum impregnation method led to greater component incorporation (5.9% and 1.75%, respectively) in the pumpkins when compared to soaking and consequently the formation of more uniform, thicker coatings (25.6 and 22.3 μm, respectively). However, VI caused greater changes in pH, acidity, colour and firmness. Relating to water content and carotenoid content, noncoated pumpkins presented greater losses during the storage period, regardless of impregnation method. The pumpkins with edible coatings, regardless of method, presented lower numbers of psychrotrophic micro‐organisms and coliforms during the storage period. Therefore, soaking was considered the best method for the application of chitosan‐based edible coatings to minimally processed pumpkins, as it led to smaller changes in the properties of the product.
Tension‐free vaginal mesh surgery versus laparoscopic sacrocolpopexy for pelvic organ prolapse: Analysis of perioperative outcomes using a Japanese national inpatient database
Authors: Obinata Daisuke , Sugihara Toru , Yasunaga Hideo , Mochida Junichi , Yamaguchi Kenya , Murata Yasutaka , Yoshizawa Tsuyoshi , Matsui Tsuyoshi , Matsui Hiroki , Sasabuchi Yusuke , Fujimura Tetsuya , Homma Yukio , Takahashi Satoru 
Published: May 2018

ObjectiveTo compare nationwide outcomes of tension‐free vaginal mesh surgery and laparoscopic sacrocolpopexy for the treatment of pelvic organ prolapse in Japan.MethodsUsing the Diagnosis Procedure Combination database, we collected data on female patients who underwent tension‐free vaginal mesh surgery or laparoscopic sacrocolpopexy for pelvic organ prolapse from April 2014 to March 2015. We compared the proportion of perioperative adverse events, duration of anesthesia, total costs and postoperative length of stay between the groups. Univariate and multivariate analyses were carried out for age, comorbidity, mesh volume, additional concomitant surgery and hospital volume.ResultsWe identified 3023 patients, including 2388 who underwent tension‐free vaginal mesh surgery, and 635 who underwent laparoscopic sacrocolpopexy. The median age at the time of surgery was significantly higher in the tension‐free vaginal mesh group (71 vs 66 years; P < 0.001). The tension‐free vaginal mesh group had a higher proportion of all adverse events (7.1% vs 1.8%; P < 0.001) and a higher proportion of genitourinary complications (5.7% vs 1.1%; P < 0.001). The median duration of anesthesia was shorter in the tension‐free vaginal mesh group (150 vs 286 min; P < 0.001). The total cost was significantly lower in the tension‐free vaginal mesh group.ConclusionsBoth procedures offer favorable results for surgical treatment of pelvic organ prolapse. Overall, the tension‐free vaginal mesh procedure seems to represent a good option for high‐risk women, such as elderly patients, whereas laparoscopic sacrocolpopexy is useful for younger patients with a higher level of sexual activity.
Electric field‐assisted precipitation of lead selenide quantum dots in borosilicate glass
Authors: Tesfamariam Belay Brehane , So Byoungjin , Heo Jong 
Published: May 2018

AbstractThe influence of electric field on the precipitation and optical properties of PbSe quantum dots (QDs) in borosilicate glasses was investigated. Diameters of the PbSe QDs increased as was increased from 0.0 to 0.6 kV/mm even at the same subsequent heat treatment at 510°C for 2 hours. Increase in to 0.9 kV/mm caused red‐shift of the absorption and photoluminescence (PL) bands of QDs. Application of also led to decreases in viscosities that accelerated diffusion of ions; this phenomenon led to the formation of large QDs and resulted in the red‐shifts of the absorption and PL bands. Increase in the temperature due to Joule heating was ~38°C that led to an observed decrease in viscosities.
Synthesis of cubic sodium tungsten bronze NaxWO3 in air
Authors: Li Xuhai , Xie Ruishi , Cao Xiuxia , Liu Lixin , Xu Liang , Wang Yuan , Meng Chuammin , Wu Qiang 
Published: May 2018

AbstractA solid‐state reaction route was used to synthesis cubic sodium tungsten bronze, NaxWO3. The NaxWO3 crystals were successfully prepared through reducing Na2WO4 with boron carbide (B4C) in air condition, followed by washing with hot‐water. The solid‐state reaction between Na2WO4 and B4C occurred at 600‐700°C, and the insertion amount of sodium ion is as high as 0.82. The obtained NaxWO3 crystals present an orange color, and the crystal size can grow to ~40 μm in just 20 minutes. The advantage of the method lies in the potential energy and cost savings over other conventional synthetic routes.