bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Polycystic Ovary Syndrome: Pathophysiology, Presentation, and Treatment With Emphasis on Adolescent Girls
Authors: Witchel Selma Feldman , Oberfield Sharon E , Peña Alexia S 
Published: June 2019

AbstractPolycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is a heterogeneous disorder characterized by hyperandrogenism and chronic anovulation. Depending on diagnostic criteria, 6% to 20% of reproductive aged women are affected. Symptoms of PCOS arise during the early pubertal years. Both normal female pubertal development and PCOS are characterized by irregular menstrual cycles, anovulation, and acne. Owing to the complicated interwoven pathophysiology, discerning the inciting causes is challenging. Most available clinical data communicate findings and outcomes in adult women. Whereas the Rotterdam criteria are accepted for adult women, different diagnostic criteria for PCOS in adolescent girls have been delineated. Diagnostic features for adolescent girls are menstrual irregularity, clinical hyperandrogenism, and/or hyperandrogenemia. Pelvic ultrasound findings are not needed for the diagnosis of PCOS in adolescent girls. Even before definitive diagnosis of PCOS, adolescents with clinical signs of androgen excess and oligomenorrhea/amenorrhea, features of PCOS, can be regarded as being “at risk for PCOS.” Management of both those at risk for PCOS and those with a confirmed PCOS diagnosis includes education, healthy lifestyle interventions, and therapeutic interventions targeting their symptoms. Interventions can include metformin, combined oral contraceptive pills, spironolactone, and local treatments for hirsutism and acne. In addition to ascertaining for associated comorbidities, management should also include regular follow-up visits and planned transition to adult care providers. Comprehensive knowledge regarding the pathogenesis of PCOS will enable earlier identification of girls with high propensity to develop PCOS. Timely implementation of individualized therapeutic interventions will improve overall management of PCOS during adolescence, prevent associated comorbidities, and improve quality of life.
What Is Critique?
Authors: Russian Elisa 
Published: June 2019

Abstract
In this interview the Franco-Israeli sociologist Eva Illouz retraces her relationship to critical theory from the 1980s to the present. The conversation explores the reasons behind Illouz’s initial reluctance to adopt a critical stance toward capitalism, her rediscovery of Max Horkheimer and Theodor W. Adorno’s Dialectic of Enlightenment in the early 2000s, and her recent call for a postnormative critique.
Vitamin B1 Sensor at Neutral pH and Improvement by Cucurbit[7]uril
Authors: Prakash Ramesh , Usha Govindaraj , Karpagalakshmi Karuppasamy , Ramalakshmi Sundaram , Piramuthu Lakshminarayanan , Yang Cheng , Selvapalam Narayanan 
Published: June 2019

Abstract
Thiamine deficiency is an important issue for many diseases and thus a facile method of detection is clinically important to improve the health of humans. For that purpose, we have developed a new thiamine sensor using starch stabilized copper nanoparticles (CSNP) at neutral pH and also improved the sensitivity of the sensor using cucurbit[7]uril (CB[7]) through host-guest chemistry. Often thiamine is not detected directly, but through the oxidation of thiamine to thiochrome (TC); TC is a fluorescent emitting molecule, through which thiamine has been measured indirectly. Here, we have demonstrated a new approach for a thiamine sensor, based on the formation of TC by the addition of hydrogen peroxide and CSNP. Unlike the other reported thiamine sensors, our method works advantageously at physiological pH conditions (pH 7, 27 °C). Furthermore, addition of CB[7] to TC, increased the sensitivity of the sensor approximately one order magnitude, through encapsulation; which can be reversed upon addition of a stronger competitive guest such as adamantylamine to confirm the encapsulation of TC. Thus, this new thiamine sensor not only performed well under physiological pH conditions, but also improved the fluorescence of TC, when encapsulated by CB[7].
Factors that influence family and parental preferences and decision making for unscheduled paediatric healthcare: a systematic review protocol
Authors: Nicholson Emma , McDonnell Therese , Hamza Moayed , Barrett Michael , Brunsdon Christopher , Bury Gerard , Charlton Martin , Collins Claire , Deasy Conor , De Brun Aoife , Fitzsimons John , Galligan Marie , Hensey Conor , Kiernan Fiona , McAuliffe Eilish 
Published: June 2019

There is a plethora of factors that dictate where parents and families choose to seek unscheduled healthcare for their child; and the complexity of these decisions can present a challenge for policy makers and healthcare planners as these behaviours can have a significant impact on resources in the health system. The systematic review will seek to identify the factors that influence parents’ and families’ preferences and decision making when seeking unscheduled paediatric healthcare. Five databases will be searched for published studies (CINAHL, PubMed, SCOPUS, PsycInfo, EconLit) and grey literature will also be searched. Inclusion and exclusion criteria will be applied and articles assessed for quality. A narrative approach will be used to synthesise the evidence that emerges from the review. By collating the factors that influence decision-making and attendance at these services, the review can inform future health policies and strategies seeking to expand primary care to support the provision of accessible and responsive care. The systematic review will also inform the design of a discrete choice experiment (DCE) which will seek to determine parental and family preferences for unscheduled paediatric healthcare. Policies such as Sláintecare that seek to expand primary care and reduce hospital admissions from emergency departments need to be cognisant of the nuanced and complex factors that govern patients’ behaviour.
Leveraging Minority Identities at Work: An Individual-Level Framework of the Identity Mobilization Process
Authors: Cha Sandra E. , Roberts Laura Morgan 
Published: June 2019

Research on the business case for diversity suggests that organizations may gain important advantages by employing individuals from minority identity groups—those that are historically underrepresented and lower status—such as distinctive perspectives and greater access to minority customers and constituents. Organizations’ ability to capitalize on the promises of diversity ultimately depends on minority employees’ willingness and ability to draw on their distinctive strengths at work. However, little research has explored how employees perceive and act on potential advantages associated with their minority identity at work. Addressing this gap, we draw on in-depth interviews with 47 racial minority (31 Asian American and 16 African American) journalists to develop a conceptual framework of the process of identity mobilization—the steps through which individuals can deliberately draw on or leverage their minority cultural identity as a source of advantage at work and how this process is sustained or disrupted over time. The framework includes four different pathways through which individuals can leverage their minority identity to facilitate progress toward work-related goals and four identity mobilization tensions that can disrupt the identity mobilization process. Our research has significant implications for theory and practice related to diversity, identity, and positive organizational scholarship. The online appendix is available at https://doi.org/10.1287/orsc.2018.1272 .
Auditory-Perceptual Speech Features in Children With Down Syndrome
Authors: Jones Harrison N. , Crisp Kelly D. , Kuchibhatla Maragatha , Mahler Leslie , Risoli Thomas , Jones Carlee W. , Kishnani Priya 
Published: June 2019

AbstractSpeech disorders occur commonly in individuals with Down syndrome (DS), although data regarding the auditory-perceptual speech features are limited. This descriptive study assessed 47 perceptual speech features during connected speech samples in 26 children with DS. The most severely affected speech features were: naturalness, imprecise consonants, hyponasality, speech rate, inappropriate silences, irregular vowels, prolonged intervals, overall loudness level, pitch level, aberrant oropharyngeal resonance, hoarse voice, reduced stress, and prolonged phonemes. These findings suggest that speech disorders in DS are due to distributed impairments involving voice, speech sound production, fluency, resonance, and prosody. These data contribute to the development of a profile of impairments in speakers with DS to guide future research and inform clinical assessment and treatment.
REKONSTRUKSI REGULASI UNTUK AKSELERASI PENETAPAN HUTAN ADAT
Authors: Sukirno Sukirno 
Published: June 2019

Latar belakang artikel ini adalah adanya fakta masih lambat dan sedikit penetapan hutan adat sebagai tindak lanjut dari Putusan Mahkamah Konstitusi No.35/PUU-X/2012. Lambat dan sedikitnya penetapan hutan adat disebabkan oleh regulasi yang tidak efektif dan efisien. Bertolak dari latar belakang tersebut maka permasalahan yang diangkat adalah rekonstruksi regulasi seperti apa yang dapat mendorong akselerasi penetapan hutan adat sehingga dapat memberikan keadilan bagi masyarakat hukum adat? Telaah terhadap permasalahan tersebut menunjukkan persyaratan penetapan hutan adat masih dipersyaratkan adanya Peraturan Daerah (Perda) tentang untuk hutan adat di kawasan hutan dan Keputusan Kepala Daerah tentang MHA untuk hutan adat di luar kawasan hutan. Data awal memperlihatkan masih sedikit produk hukum daerah tentang MHA disebabkan oleh kurangnya kemauan kepala daerah dan DPRD. Setelah ada produk hukum daerah juga masih memerlukan proses validasi dokumen dan verifikasi lapangan dari Kementerian Lingkungan Hidup dan Kehutanan. Untuk mempercepat penetapan hutan adat diperlukan terobosan hukum dengan segera membahas dan mengesahkan draft RUU MHA dengan membentuk Komisi Nasional Hak-Hak MHA yang mengambil alih semua kewenangan dan sebagian prosedur, sehingga pemerintah pusat hanya sekedar mengukuhkan (deklarasi) hutan adat saja.
Status antioksidan dan oksidatif laki-laki yang mengalami kegemukan dengan pemberian minuman rosela ungu
Authors: Sriyanti Sriyanti , Damayanthi Evy , Anwar Faisal 
Published: June 2019

Background : Rosela (Hibiscus sabdariffa L.) is an anthocyanin-rich plant that has good antioxidant capacity. However, the utilization was limited to red roselle, while previous studies showed that anthocyanin content was found to be higher in the thick roselle.therefore, this is an opportunity to develop purple roselle products as a preventive effort for degenerative diseases in men with fatness. Subjects in this study were male by considering the effect of estrogen on women which could play a role in suppressing oxidative stress.Objectives : This study aimed to analyze antioxidant (SOD/Superoxide dismutase) and oxidative status (MDA/malondialdehyde) level in obese adult men after administration of purple rosela drinks. Methods : This study was quasi-experimental with pre-post test. Eighteen obese subjects in the security unit were divided into two groups, namely the intervention group and control group. Intervention group (n = 9) was given purple rosela drinkin the amount of 480 mL/day, while the control group (n = 9) was given an equivalent amount of purple rosela drink without rosela. The subjects were daily administered for 6 weeks. Characteristic, anthropometric, food consumption and blood sample data were collected at the beginning and end of the intervention. Data analysis was performed by descriptively, paired t-test, independent t-test, ANCOVA.Results : The analysis showed that purple rosela drink tend to increase SOD levels (0.45 ± 0.14; 1.35 ± 0.71; p-value = 0.008) but this value was not significantly different from the control group (p-value = 0.128). MDA levels did not significantly different between the intervention and control groups (0.025 ± 0.083;-0.125 ± 0.60; p-value = 0.473).Conclusion : These results showed that administering 480 ml of purple rosela drink did not improve antioxidant and oxidative status in obese adult men.
Phenomenological Approach of the Effective Viscosity of Hard Sphere Suspensions in Shear-Thinning Media
Authors: Peysson Y. , Aubry T. , Moan M. 
Published: June 2019

Abstract
In this work we investigate the rheological behaviour of macroscopic buoyant hard spheres dispersed in a shear-thinning suspending fluid. We focus on the phenomenological study of the influence of the shear-thinning behaviour of the suspending medium on the effective apparent suspension viscosity at different volume fractions. In the oil industry, the effective viscosity concept is widely used and very useful to quickly characterize a change of viscosity due to an increase of the solid content. Viscosity measurements are compared to the effective viscosity of a suspension of hard spheres in an Ostwald fluid. The power law index of the suspending fluid is shown, both experimentally and theoretically, to influence strongly the volume fraction dependence of the suspension effective viscosity. All experimental results are shown to be quite correctly plotted on a master curve, with only one adjustable parameter, the maximum packing fraction fm. The best fit is obtained for fm = 0.57, corresponding to the theoretical maximum random packing volume fraction.
Landmark Paper Index: Definition and Application to Rheological (η-) Journals
Authors: Kröger M. 
Published: June 2019

Abstract
We define a Landmark Paper Index (LPI), calculate and analyze indices for all papers published in rheological journals (‘η-journals’) between 1990 and 2006. This paper offers some information about the criteria influencing the impact of publications on the (scientific) community. In opposite to the well known Impact Factor (journal sensitive) or the number of citations (article sensitive, publication year insensitive) the LPI helps to identify established and potential breakthrough contributions by considering the number of citations per year after publication, in a way which does not overestimate the few, highly cited, articles when performing averages. We discuss the effect of formal criteria on the LPI.
Laser Doppler Forced Vibrology of Soft Agricultural Products
Authors: Blahovec Jiri , Akimoto Hidemi , Sakurai Naoki 
Published: June 2019

Abstract
We describe methodology of laser Doppler forced vibrology (LDFV) applied to texture assessment of soft agricultural products. The method is applied to a melon. The lowest frequency resonant peak (mode M0) is used for corrections of the whole amplitude frequency plot expressed in relation to the forcing deformation level. The main differences between vibrology in vertical and horizontal laser positions are described. Missing and/or degeneration of some modes in the laser horizontal position are explained. Peak analysis of the results obtained reveals the parameters connected with information on internal damping, i.e. internal viscosity. Modulus of elasticity is calculated either from the peak frequency of the M1 mode or by a new method from the M0 peak frequency. The modulus of elasticity of the latter method is nearly one order higher and is more variable than the former probably because the M0 mode is related to physical properties of the surface of the melon in contact with the vibrating table. Fine structure of the skin can lead to possible degenerated forms with more sub-peaks.
Rheology of Barium Sulfate Suspensions and Pre-thickened Beverages Used in Diagnosis and Treatment of Dysphagia
Authors: Ould Eleya Mustapha M. , Gunasekaran Sundaram 
Published: June 2019

Abstract
Pre-thickened beverages and barium sulfate suspensions are used in the treatment and diagnosis of dysphagia. These liquids are labeled nectar consistency (NC), honey consistency (HC) etc. These labels are rather misleading and do not represent the actual rheological character of the liquids. We carefully investigated the rheology of these liquids to assist both in their formulation and use for dysphagic patients. Steady state flow properties, thixotropy, dynamic response, and creep recovery behavior were investigated for six beverages and two barium sulfate suspensions. All samples exhibited a shear-thinning behavior. The flow curves of all samples followed both Herschel-Bulkley and Casson models. HC barium sulfate suspension exhibited higher yield stress, σo, and higher storage modulus, G’, than their fluid food counterparts. In contrast, NC barium sulfate suspension had lower σo, and G’ than some of the liquid food counterparts. Frequency spectra of NC samples were similar to that of a macromolecular solution with both G’ and loss modulus, G’’, increasing with frequency; whereas those of HC samples were similar to that of a gel with a little dependency of G’ and G’’ over frequency. Stress sweep experiments showed that the linear viscoelastic region of fluid foods and barium sulfate suspensions extended up to 1 and 10 Pa, respectively. Thus, significant differences exist in the rheological properties of both pre-thickened and videofluoroscopy fluids currently used for diagnosis and treatment of dysphagia.
A Study of Entrance Pressure Loss in Filled Polymer Melts
Authors: Hristov Velichko , Vlachopoulos John 
Published: June 2019

Abstract
The influence of the molecular structure of the polymer matrix and filler loading on the entrance pressure loss of polyethylene/wood flour composites has been investigated in this research by means of a capillary rheometer equipped with an orifice die. The entry flow of talc- and glass-filled polyethylene composites has been investigated as well. It was found that the entrance pressure loss of wood filled polyethylene composites greatly increased with increasing the wood flour loading. Talc and solid glass spheres also increase the entrance pressure loss, however not as much as wood flour. It was also observed that composites based on narrow molecular weight distribution (MWD) resins exhibited larger entrance pressure loss than the broad MWD and branched polyethylene based ones. It was concluded that measurements of the entrance pressure loss reveal some interesting features of the polymer-filler interactions and could provide significant insights in the processing of highly filled polymer melts.
Processing the Vane Shear Flow Data from Couette Analogy
Authors: Estellé Patrice , Lanos Christophe , Perrot Arnaud , Amziane Sofiane 
Published: June 2019

Abstract
A new procedure is described to convert the vane torque and rotational velocity data into shear stress vs shear rate relationships. The basis of the procedure consists in considering locally the sheared material as a Bingham fluid and computing a characteristic shear rate from Couette analogy. The approach is first applied to experimental vane data of Newtonian fluid, then used to process vane experimental data of non-Newtonian and yield stress materials. Results, which are favourably compared with torsional flow, show that the approach correctly predicts the rheological behaviour of the materials investigated.
30 Years of Progress in Viscometers and Rheometers
Authors: Barnes Howard A. , Schimanski Harry , Bell Derek 
Published: June 2019

Abstract
The history of commercial viscometry and rheometry over the last thirty years is summarised. In terms of those instruments that have established themselves in a lasting position in the field, we highlight the importance of a sound original idea, good marketing, and constant improvement as technology advances. Instruments in this area fall into three categories: simple, low-cost instruments to measure viscosity or at least an equivalent Newtonian viscosity; multi-speed instruments often able to record data on another display or storage device, and rheometers, i.e. instruments capable of a rotational shearing action, as well as one of the following: oscillation, creep and normal force measurement to give some measure of viscoelasticity.
The advances in technology in many areas over the past 30 years have all fuelled the rapid development of instruments that has been nothing short of astonishing. Of especial importance has been the continuous developments of electric motors, and transducers, as well as the increases in speed and memory and reductions in price of digital processors and microprocessors. With this increased computing power perhaps with instruments using complex flow regimes it may be as easy to analyse data as with simple shearing now. There will always be, however, those who want to go to higher frequencies, lower deformations, etc., to meet those challenges of measuring the rheology of materials at the limits.
On-line or Process Viscometry – A Review
Authors: Barnes Howard A. 
Published: June 2019

Abstract
Process viscometry has many advantages in terms of saving time and gaining more immediate information about a process. However, it can also has disadvantages in terms of compromises that must be made in taking a stream of liquid and passing it through a viscosity-measuring element. The latter operation can be a strong function of flow rate through the instrument, making the measured value variable. The viscometer itself might has been chosen for simplicity of measurement, but which might actually represent a complicated flow pattern in the sense of being a mixture of shear and extensional flow, frequency and acceleration. The best practice in the area of on-line viscometry is reviewed, and the current commercial instruments are compared to this standard. It is concluded that the choice of instrument depends on the pressing need is either for quick information or for reliable information. The Nametre vibrating sphere and the Brookfield concentric-cylinder instruments are highlighted.
Academic Rheology and Industrial Rheology
Authors: Nakajima Nobuyuki 
Published: June 2019

Abstract
This paper is an attempt to highlight the problems faced by industrial rheologists. The problems are far more complex than subjects of usual academic pursuit. Because of the lack of scientific methods in both theory and instruments, the industrial rheologist often resort to empirical approach such as a use of the processing machines for processability evaluation. More fundamental approach is desirable. The examples are taken from high density polyethylenes and the period was 1960-1970. Although industry found solutions to the problems, the fundamental understandings have not been developed sufficiently.
Determination of Molecular Weight Distributions from Rheological Data: An Application to Polystyrene, Polymethylmethacrylate and Isotactic Polypropylene
Authors: Thimm Wolfgang , Friedrich Christian , Maier Dieter , Marth Michael , Honerkamp Josef 
Published: June 2019

Abstract
Based on a recently introduced generalized mixing rule, which contains the results of the reptation and double reptation model as special cases, it is possible to determine the molecular weight distribution (MWD) from rheological data. By evaluating data from bimodal PS-mixtures Maier et al. (1998) have shown how the MWD can be estimated from the relaxation shear modulus, G(t), using an inversion method. Thimm et al. (1999) derived an analytical relation between the relaxation time spectrum and the MWD, which is able to reproduce the result of Maier et al. (1998) with less computational effort. In this article we compare both methods by evaluating data from three different series of polymer mixtures: Polystyrene (PS), Polymethylmethacrylate (PMMA) and isotactic Polypropylene (iPP). We compare the MWD obtained from rheological data with results from size exclusion chromatography (SEC) and discuss differences.