bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Potensi Ekstrak Daun Pisang (Musa textilis Née) Terhadap Penurunan Kadar Gula Darah
Authors: Febryanto Rama , Hajrah Hajrah , Rijai Laode 
Published: May 2018

Tanaman pisang telah umum digunakan masyarakat Indonesia sebagai obat dalam pengobatan tradisional. Masyarakat Mahakam Ulu secara empiris menggunakan daun kering pisang sebagai obat untuk menurunkan kadar glukosa darah. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui kandungan metabolit sekunder ekstrak etanol daun kering pisang (Musa textilis Née) dan potensinya dalam menurunkan kadar gula darah secara invivo dengan menggunakan metode toleransi glukosa. Hasil penelitian menunjukan ekstrak etanol daun kering pisang (Musa textilis Née) memiliki kandungan metabolit sekunder berupa tanin, fenol dan senyawa flavonoid. Ekstrak daun kering pisang memiliki efek terhadap penurunan kadar glukosa darah mencit galur Swiss Webster pada dosis uji 100, 200 dan 400 mg/kgBB. Simpulan penelitian menunjukan bahwa ekstrak etanol daun kering pisang (Musa textilis Née) berpotensi sebagai penurun kadar gula darah.
Aktivitas Antiinflamasi Ekstrak Rimpang Temu Kunci (Boesenbergia pandurata) Secara In-Vitro
Authors: Akmalia Rina Adilla , Hajrah Hajrah , Rijai Laode 
Published: May 2018

Inflamasi merupakan suatu respon terhadap rangsangan kimia, mekanik maupun infeksi mikroorganisme. Temu kunci (Boesenbergia pandurata) tersebar luas di Indonesia salah satunya di Kalimantan Timur yang telah dimanfaatkan khasiatnya untuk pengobatan tradisional dan digunakan sebagai salah satu pelengkap bumbu masakan. Kandungan metabolit sekunder utama rimpang temu kunci adalah senyawa golongan flavonoid dan turunannya. Dimana senyawa flavonoid memiliki aktivitas biologi diantaranya sebagai antiinflamasi. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui aktivitas antiinflamasi dan potensi ekstrak etanol rimpang temu kunci (Boesenbergia pandurata) terhadap natrium diklofenak 100 g/mL secara in vitro menggunakan metode stabilisasi membran sel darah merah manusia (HRBC stabilization). Data pengukuran ekstrak etanol rimpang temu kunci (Boesenbergia pandurata) menunjukkan aktivitas antiinflamasi pada konsentrasi (50, 75, 100, 125 dan 150) g/mL masing-masing sebesar 67,39; 78,26; 28,26; 54,35 dan 73,9% dimana natrium diklofenak mempunyai aktivitas sebesar 76,08 %.
Potensi Antiinflamasi Ekstrak Daun Tahongai (Kleinhovia hospita L)
Authors: Sari Tias Puspita , Rijai Laode , Gama Sabaniah Indjar 
Published: May 2018

Tumbuhan tahongai (Kleinhovia hospita L) merupakan salah satu tumbuhan yang tersebar luas di Kalimantan Timur salah satunya di Samarinda. Secara empiris daun tahongai digunakan sebagai hepatoprotektor dan untuk menyembuhkan penyakit degeneratif. Inflamasi merupakan respon terhadap kerusakan jaringan akibat rangsangan kimia, mekanis maupun infeksi oleh mikroorganisme. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui aktivitas dan potensi daun tahongai sebagai antiinflamasi menggunakan metode paw edema dengan penginduksi karegenan 1% pada tikus putih yang dikelompokkan menjadi lima kelompok yaitu kontrol negatif (Na CMC), kontrol positif (Na diklofenak) dan diberikan ekstrak dengan dosis 250mg/kgBB, 500mg/kgBB dan 750mg/kgBB. Pengukuran volume edema dilakukan setiap 1 jam selama 9 jam menggunakan instrument pletismometer. Hasil pengukuran disajikan berdasarkan data rata-rata volume bengkak secara deskriptif. Berdasarkan hasil pengamatan, ekstrak daun tahongai menunjukan aktivitas terbaik sebagai antiinflamasi pada dosis 750mg/kgBB.
Idéologie égalitaire et libération des habitants du ciel dans la série Valérian et Laureline
Authors: Rheault Sylvain 
Published: May 2018

La série de bande dessinée Valérian et Laureline de Pierre Christin et Jean-Claude Mézières, aujourd’hui considérée comme achevée, compte vingt-deux albums parus entre 1967 et 2013, sans compter quelques parutions hors-collection. Comme Luc Besson en a sorti une version cinématographique le 21 juillet 2017, avec un budget de cent-soixante-dix-huit millions d’euros, il semble opportun de redécouvrir cette série qui a fortement influencé la science-fiction, non seulement en France, mais aussi dans le monde.
Dans cet article, certains des choix narratifs de la série complète seront analysés en utilisant une grille structurée autour du concept d’interaction, soit le plus petit élément constitutif d’une narration.
The Effectiveness of Fly Ash as a Substitute of Cement For Marine Concrete
Authors: Naibaho Armin 
Published: May 2018

The purpose of this research is to know the effectiveness of fly ash waste in marine concrete related to the average compressive strength to be used as a substitute for cement. The test is done for concrete base material, namely: coarse aggregate (gravel), fine aggregate (sand), fly ash, cement (PC = Portland Cement), water and additional material (superplasticizer). 10 cylinders were given each treatment with (0 %, 10 %, 20 %, 25 %) percentage of fly ash addition. The samples then soaked for 26 days in seawater. At 28th day, the sample was subjected to a compression test. Based on the results of analysis and discussion, then obtained: (1) The use of 10% fly ash amount will produce the biggest compressive strength = 65.84 MPa; (2) When compared with the average compressive strength, the sample without using fly ash (0 %) has compressive power 62.02 MPa and 6.16 % increase in average compressive strength on the addition of 10 % fly ash 65.84 MPa, but in addition to 20 % fly ash there was a decrease of 9.13 % (56.36 MPa) and in addition of 25 % fly ash the average compressive strength decrease to 22.49 % (48.07 MPa).
ESTUDOS INICIAIS PARA ENSAIOS E CONSTRUÇÃO DE CÚPULAS GEODÉSICAS USANDO COLMOS DE BAMBU
Authors: Ostapiv Fabiano , Salamon Celso , Stahlschmidt Joamilton , Ferraz Celso Betti 
Published: May 2018

O trabalho mostra o procedimento para a construção de um domo geodésico de 4m de diâmetro e 1,8m de altura usando segmentos de 1,2m de colmos de bambu tuldóides, usando a técnica de amarração. Também mostra a construção e ensaio de carregamento de duas maquetes de domos, ambas com a mesma geometria e massa próxima, porém de materiais diferentes. Uma maquete foi feita com barras de bambu mossô (Phyllostachys pubescens) de 3mm de diâmetro e a outra com barras de aço baixo carbono com 1mm de diâmetro. Na confecção das maquetes foram mostrados aspectos de otimização da construção em relação ao domo de bambu tuldóides, como a utilização de elementos de duas barras. No ensaio das maquetes foi evidenciado, através de elementos fotográficos e medições de deslocamento da estrutura, o comportamento muito superior da estrutura de bambu em relação à estrutura de aço. Enquanto o domo de bambu resistiu a 38 vezes o seu peso próprio, apresentando um deslocamento pontual de 3,2cm, o domo de aço resistiu apenas 0,86 do seu peso próprio apresentando a mesma deformação.
ANÁLISE DE VIABILIDADE ECONÔMICA PERANTE TÉCNICAS CONSTRUTIVAS PARA UMA ESTRUTURA GEODÉSICA DE BAMBU
Authors: Geiss Cinthia Mayara , Damo Rafael Grosselli 
Published: May 2018

Ainda existe um enorme preconceito para utilização do bambu, no Brasil, como material para a construção civil, fator este que se deve principalmente ao desconhecimento sobre as suas características em virtude à falta de normativa técnica. A sustentabilidade é primordial para o desenvolvimento mundial e o bambu atende as premissas para este conceito, podendo ser utilizado em diversas finalidades, entre elas a construção de leves estruturas flexíveis. Para a presente pesquisa foi elaborado um projeto de um centro artístico-cultural no interior do Município de Chapecó-SC, o volume projetado será uma geodésica aonde o bambu tornou-se o protagonista da idealização, a partir de reflexões em bases teóricas foram determinadas duas técnicas construtivas diferenciadas, concluídas as propostas foram realizadas análises técnicas e econômicas para cada método executivo, em ambas as situações foram identificadas viabilidades nestas três etapas construtivas (fundações, tratamento e conexões), todavia segundo requerido pela proprietária do imóvel a ser realizada a execução do projeto, os quesitos econômicos e diminuição de impactos ambientais negativos foram mais relevantes no diagnóstico, em que uma das opções se mostrou mais viáveis nos parâmetros tratados.
Relationships between patterns of incubation and predation in sympatric capercaillie Tetrao urogallus and black grouse T. tetrix
Authors: Storaas Torstein , Wegge Per 
Published: May 2018

To investigate the effect of timing, frequency and duration of incubation recesses of female grouse on predation, thermistors were placed in 29 nests of capercaillie Tetrao urogallus and 10 nests of black grouse Tetrao tetrix in southeast Norway during 1983–84. Two female capercaillie were killed by goshawks Accipiter gentilis during recesses and 15 capercaillie and three black grouse nests were depredated. The incubation patterns of 20 capercaillie and nine black grouse were measured during 165 and 75 days, respectively. There was no difference between species in how long females stayed away from the nest each day, but black grouse took more and shorter recesses than capercaillie. The recess activity of both species peaked before and after a period of low activity during the night. Although black grouse took the first recess earlier and the last recess later than capercaillie, they also took few recesses in dim light. Nest losses were not associated with the time or frequency of departures from the nest. The data presented suggest that factors other than predation risk may be responsible for the patterns of incubation recesses observed in grouse.
Seasonal mortality of black grouse Tetra tetrix during a year with little snow
Authors: Spids⊘ Tor K. , Hjeljord Olav , Dokk John G. 
Published: May 2018

The seasonal mortality of black grouse Tetrao tetrix was studied in southeastern Norway (60°26′N, 10°54′E), in a study area dominated by up to 80% Norway spruce Picea abies. Modem forestry with clear‐cuttings has been practised, and 50% of the forest was younger than 30 years. Fourteen males and seven females were captured on a lek in spring 1991 and equipped with radio transmitters. During the following 12 months, 72% of the birds were killed, mostly by predators. No birds died from capture through July. In autumn, predation was higher, with four black grouse being killed. Mortality was highest during winter, with 58% of the birds dying. The goshawk Accipiter gentilis was the most important predator during winter. High predation by goshawks in winter 1991–92 may have been the result of black grouse being more vulnerable to predation because limited snowfall precluded snow roosting, or of an invasion by goshawks. Therefore, snow roosting may be an important antipredator behaviour in black grouse. The effect of increased adult mortality is discussed in relation to chick production.
Microclimatic characteristics of blue grouse Dendragapus obscurus roost‐sites: influence on energy expenditure
Authors: Pekins Peter J. , Gessaman James A. , Lindzey Frederick G. 
Published: May 2018

Energetic models which incorporate environmental measures have demonstrated that significant thermoregulatory savings are accrued from nocturnal winter roost‐sites, usually from reduced wind speed and radiated heat loss. Because blue grouse Dendragapus obscurus occupy high elevation, snowbound coniferous stands in the Rocky Mountains during winter, selection of a favourable microhabitat is likely their primary thermoregulatory behaviour. Therefore, we measured the microclimatic conditions at diurnal and nocturnal roost‐sites of blue grouse to determine whether their choice of roost‐sites reflects thermoregulatory behaviour. Temperature, wind speed, and solar radiation were measured at 17 diurnal Douglas‐fir Pseudotsuga menziesii and 17 nocturnal subalpine fir Abies lasiocarpa roost‐sites and compared to those of an open control site in Logan, Utah, 1985–1986. Temperature varied <2°C between the roost‐sites and the control site. Wind speed was significantly lower in 15 of 17 diurnal ( = 0.71 m/sec) and all nocturnal roost‐sites ( = 0.24 m/sec) than in the control site ( = 1.75 m/sec). Wind speed was reduced >75% at all but one nocturnal roost‐site. Solar radiation at the diurnal roost‐sites ( = 51 W/m‐2) was significantly lower than at the control site (201 W/m‐2); however, five roost‐sites had maximum values >90% of the control maximum. Douglas‐fir roost‐sites had significantly greater solar radiation, diurnal, and nocturnal wind speed than subalpine fir roost‐sites. Reduction of convective heat loss was the major thermoregulatory contribution of both diurnal and nocturnal roostsites. Diurnal roost‐sites also afforded measurable radiant energy and, presumably, grouse could track the sun in roost trees to maximize such heat input. Daily energy costs predicted from metabolic equations incorporating temperature and wind speed were below the metabolizable energy intake of captive blue grouse. Application of the average microclimatic conditions from both roost trees to an energetic model revealed that a blue grouse would realize a 50% greater reduction in convective heat loss, and a 10% greater net energy savings, by roosting overnight in a subalpine fir rather than a Douglas‐fir. This difference may explain why blue grouse show affinity to subalpine firs for nocturnal roosting, and points to the energetic importance of specific coniferous habitats to wintering blue grouse.
Gymnasiets laboratorionsundervisning i fysik – mellan tradition och ändrade styrdokument
Authors: Holmström Simon , Pendrill Ann-Marie , Reistad Nina , Eriksson Urban 
Published: May 2018

Laborationer har lång tradition i fysikundervisningen och det finns många klassiska skolexperiment. Samtidigt påverkas laborationsundervisningen av reformer och teknikutveckling. I denna studie fick lärare på tre gymnasieskolor diskutera sin laborationsundervisning. Analysen baseras på händelselogik, där handling ses som intentionell och styrs av determinanterna: målsättning, förmåga, plikt och möjligheter. Studien ger insikt i hur olika faktorer påverkar lärares laborationsundervisning, och hur klassiska laborationer i fysikundervisningen både kan ha en given plats och utmanas av nya förutsättningar. Resultaten antyder att praxis och tradition är starkare påverkansfaktorer än styrdokument i lärares utformning av laborationsundervisningen, vilket delvis kan relateras till en avsaknad av fortbildning.
In English
Experiments have a long tradition in physics teaching and there are many examples of classical school experiments. At the same time laboratory teaching is affected by curriculum changes and technological development. In this study experienced teachers at three different upper secondary schools discuss their laboratory teaching. The analysis is based on the logic of events. The study provides insight into factors affecting teachers’ teaching and how classical experiments are adapted and challenged by new conditions. The results indicate that tradition is a stronger factor of influence than policy documents, in particular when very limited time is allowed for professional development.
FULL TEXT IN SWEDISH.
Technologies de l’information et de la communication et « indigènes numériques » : quelle situation
Authors: Baron Georges-Louis , Bruillard Eric 
Published: May 2018

Les jeunes utilisent beaucoup les technologies de l’information
et de la communication dans leur vie quotidienne. Mais dans quelle mesure et comment acquièrent-ils les compétences techniques et les savoirs généraux nécessaires à un usage raisonné de celles-ci ? Cet article, qui reprend des éléments d’un rapport effectué pour le CERI-OCDE en 2008 sur les apprenants du nouveau millénaire (new millenium learners), présente un état de la question et discute certaines des conséquences pour les EIAH. Ses principales conclusions sont que si les équipements sont maintenant devenus banals, on attribue aux enfants et aux adolescents, cibles privilégiées pour le marketing, beaucoup plus de compétences que la majorité d’entre eux n’en possède. Par ailleurs, il est bien attesté par les études menées à ce jour que les usages de ces technologies en classe et plus largement en formation, malgré une infrastructure bien développée, restent faibles et qu’il existe un hiatus important entre les pratiques scolaires et celles qui se développement dans la sphère privée. Cet état de fait invite à une réflexion nouvelle sur le développement d’environnements et de ressources à usage éducatif.
Suisse romande et Suisse allemande : deux styles dans l'évolution de l'armature urbaine helvétique
Authors: Piveteau Jean-Luc 
Published: May 2018

Dans quelle mesure le facteur culturel intervient-il dans la différenciation régionale de l'armature urbaine helvétique ?
La question appelle une réponse nuancée pour plusieurs raisons. D'abord parce que cette différenciation régionale est complexe. En effet, les oppositions structurelles ou fonctionnelles que l'on peut noter entre Suisse romande et Suisse allemande, même si elles vont, globalement, en s'atténuant — sauf semble-t-il en matière de décision économique — évoluent à des rythmes différents.
En second lieu, parce que ce n'est qu'à travers le couplage fondamental industrie/ville — et combiné à l'action d'autres facteurs — que l'élément ethnique s'est trouvé avoir une incidence régionalisante.
Enfin parce que l'intégration économique et sociale, à l'œuvre depuis deux siècles, revêt certains aspects propres à la Suisse. Ce faisant, l'unité (ou l'homogénéisation) du système urbain apparaît partiellement comme un autre phénomène culturel, mais d'échelle nationale cette fois-ci, et de signe opposé aux tendances diversifiantes nées de la cohabitation d'une entité alémanique avec une entité romande.
Le désengagement de l'Etat dans la ville égyptienne
Authors: El Kadi Galila 
Published: May 2018

Desde los momentos de la independencia, en 1952, y en término de 20 anos, Egipto ha vivido dos hondas tranformaciones que tuvieron repercusiones en las politicas de la propiedad de la tierra urbana y de la vivienda llevadas a cabo por el Estado. El paso de una fase de capitalismo estatal, caracterizada por un intervencionismo notorio con miras a dominar la administraciôn de la tierra urbana y rural y la entrega de la vivienda, a una fase de liberalismo econômico a ultranza a partir de 1972, permitiô la apariciôn de formas de evoluciôn que podrian calificarse de anârquicas. Dicha mutaciôn conllevô la progresiva dimisiôn del Estado en el âmbito de la producciôn de la vivienda social ; también se manifesto por una actitud de laxismo ante la especulaciôn de la tierra y la urbanizaciôn incontrolada de las tierras agricolas. Esta situaciôn constituye una amenaza para laeconomîa nacional en su conjunto.
Tomando en cuenta los factores internos y externos de la formaciôn social egipcia y su articulaciôn, el présente estudio tiene por objetivo evidenciar la relaciôn dialéctica que se establece entre la evoluciôn de las relaciones sociales y las modalidades de acciôn del Estado en la producciôn de tierras urbanas e immobiliaria en el curso de las dos Ultimas décadas.
Qui deviendra propriétaire à Ciudad Guayana ? Une expérience de régularisation foncière au Vénézuela
Authors: Schneier Graziella 
Published: May 2018

WHO WILL BE HOME-OWNERS IN CIUADAD GUAYANA ? AN EXPERIMENT IN REGULARIZING LAND OWNERSHIP IN VENEZUELA
Ciudad Guayana was created by the Venezuelan state to develop a major steel manufacturing complex. The «Corporation Venezolana de Guayana» (C.V.G.), created in 1960, has two basic functions : the promotion of industrial activity, and regional and urban development.
The recruitement policy of companies in the 1970's led to a very rapid growth in population, and housing at this time was predominantly of the «self-help» type, in unauthorised areas. Unofficial housing was thus the direct conse¬ quence of the C.V.G. industrial strategy. At the same time they set up, with local companies, a series of legal procedures, both public and private, to provide land and housing but only certain categories of salaried workers.
This housing policy led to a marked segregation of workers by area. At the beginning of the 1980's in a context of economic recession, the C.V.G. launched a programme of legalisation of tenure in illegal settlements. This programme, which creates no obstacle whatsoever to private speculation, in fact establishes a form of selection process amongst occupants of the unauthorised areas. By allocating plots to those salaried workers who are well integrated in the work market, it is likely that the lowest paid categories will find themselves excluded.
La grande entreprise et la banlieue : Citroën à Aulnay-sous-Bois. Évolution récente des relations industrie-milieu
Authors: Malézieux Jacques 
Published: May 2018

THE LARGE FIRM AND THE SUBURBS : CITROEN IN AULNAY-SOUS-BOIS RECENT EVOLUTION OF RELATIONS BETWEEN INDUSTRY AND ITS
SURROUNDINGS
The restructuring and the functionning of the suburbs continue to be marked by the evolution of relations between industry and its surroundings, which are of growing complexity as they stem from the variable influence of factors affecting the industrial and urban systems in distinct, converging and contradictory ways. Although the logic which governs the urban system usually seems imperative, the strategies developed by large companies often determine the urban future of the suburbs. The recent evolution of interrelations between the Citroen plant in Aulnay-sous-Bois and its host commune is very revealing of the problems posed, in the long term, by the realization of an indispensable appropriateness.
Processus d'urbanisation et pratiques urbanistiques dans la banlieue ouest de Paris
Authors: Verpraet Gilles 
Published: May 2018

THE PROCESS OF URBANIZATION AND URBAN PRACTICES IN THE SUBURBS WEST OF PARIS
Based on the sociological componants of the processes of urbanization in the suburbs west of Paris this article tries to reconstitute a posteriori the significance of essential urban projects and strategies of the last twenty years. The crisis of the functional urban project and of its multiple reformulations, can therefore be associated with the growing spatial separation of class and social strata in the Paris Region, between working-class areas, middle-class areas and those areas inhabited by the managerial professions.
Parler d'Athènes de 1834, comme on parle de Brasilia de 1964
Authors: Tsiomis Yannis 
Published: May 2018

Comment aborder la question de la naissance d'Athènes comme capitale de l'Etat néo-hellénique en 1834 ? Cette question nous parait pertinente parce que Athènes présente un double visage : celui d'une ville nouvelle — et donc le visage de la modernité — et d'un espace chargé d'histoire — et donc le visage de la continuité, ou si l'on veut de la tradition.
Ce deuxième visage, entaché d'idéologisme, au lieu d'annuler, ne peut que confirmer le premier : celui de la ville nouvelle. Athènes, tout en étant un «banc d'essai» de la pensée urbanistique du 19e siècle, est aussi le lieu où l'on peut constater les liens entre économie, et idéologie, technique urbaine et raison d'État.
Alors, on peut effectivement parler d'Athènes de 1834 comme on parle de Brasilia de 1964...