bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Understanding health‐related quality of life in adult women with metastatic cancer who have dependent children
Authors: Park Eliza M. , Deal Allison M. , Yopp Justin M. , Edwards Teresa , Resnick Samuel J. , Song Mi‐Kyung , Nakamura Zev M. , Rosenstein Donald L. 
Published: May 2018

BACKGROUNDCancer is a leading cause of death among women of parenting age in the United States. Women living with advanced or incurable cancer who have dependent children experience high rates of depression and anxiety as well as unique parenting challenges. To the authors' knowledge, few studies to date have examined the parenting factors associated with health‐related quality of life (HRQOL) in women with advanced cancer.METHODSThe authors conducted a cross‐sectional, Web‐based survey of the psychosocial concerns of 224 women with a tumor‐node‐metastasis staging system of the AJCC stage IV solid tumor malignancy who had at least 1 child aged <18 years. Participants completed validated measures of HRQOL (Functional Assessment of Cancer Therapy–General [FACT‐G]); depression and anxiety symptom severity; functional status; parenting concerns; and investigator‐designed questions to assess demographic, communication, and parenting characteristics. Multiple linear regression models were estimated to identify factors associated with FACT‐G total and subscale scores.RESULTSThe mean FACT‐G score was 66 (standard deviation, 16). The mean Emotional Well‐Being subscale scores were particularly low (13; standard deviation, 5). In multivariable linear regression models, parenting variables explained nearly 40% of the HRQOL model variance. In the fully adjusted model, parenting concerns and the absence of parental prognostic communication with children both were found to be significantly associated with HRQOL scores. For each 1‐point increase in parenting concern severity, FACT‐G scores decreased by 4 points (P = .003).CONCLUSIONSWomen with metastatic cancer who are parents of dependent children are at risk of high psychological distress and low HRQOL. Parenting factors may have a negative influence on HRQOL in this patient population. Cancer 2018;124:2629‐36. © 2018 American Cancer Society.
Numerical modelling of a peripheral arterial stenosis using dimensionally reduced models and kernel methods
Authors: Koeppl Tobias , Santin Gabriele , Haasdonk Bernard , Helmig Rainer 
Published: May 2018

AbstractIn this work, we consider 2 kinds of model reduction techniques to simulate blood flow through the largest systemic arteries, where a stenosis is located in a peripheral artery, i.e., in an artery that is located far away from the heart. For our simulations, we place the stenosis in one of the tibial arteries belonging to the right lower leg (right posterior tibial artery). The model reduction techniques that are used are on the one hand dimensionally reduced models (1‐D and 0‐D models, the so‐called mixed‐dimension model) and on the other hand surrogate models produced by kernel methods. Both methods are combined in such a way that the mixed‐dimension models yield training data for the surrogate model, where the surrogate model is parametrised by the degree of narrowing of the peripheral stenosis. By means of a well‐trained surrogate model, we show that simulation data can be reproduced with a satisfactory accuracy and that parameter optimisation or state estimation problems can be solved in a very efficient way. Furthermore, it is demonstrated that a surrogate model enables us to present after a very short simulation time the impact of a varying degree of stenosis on blood flow, obtaining a speedup of several orders over the full model.
Precisely Controlling Nanochannels of Graphene Oxide Membranes through Lignin‐Based Cation Decoration for Dehydration of Biofuels
Authors: Guan Kecheng , Liu Quan , Ji Yufan , Zhang Mengchen , Wu Yulin , Zhao Jing , Liu Gongping , Jin Wanqin 
Published: May 2018

AbstractLignin‐based cations introduced into graphene oxide (GO) have been found to bring about stabilization of the nanostructure and the active sites and to give rise to various interactions for subsequent modification with polyelectrolyte and nanospacers, with a view to precisely controlling the nanochannels of the GO‐based membranes. The resulting membranes exhibited excellent performance in biofuel dehydration with water flux of 4000–6000 g m−2 h−1, which exceeds that of the state‐of‐the‐art polymeric and GO‐based membranes.
Deactivation and Regeneration of Sulfonated Carbon Catalysts in Hydrothermal Reaction Environments
Authors: Scholz David , Kröcher Oliver , Vogel Frédéric 
Published: May 2018

AbstractThe deactivation pathways of sulfonated carbon catalysts prepared from different carbons were studied during the aqueous‐phase hydrolysis of cellobiose under continuous‐flow conditions. The sulfonation of carbon materials with a low degree of graphitization introduced sulfonic acid groups that are partially stable even during prolonged exposure to harsh hydrothermal treatment conditions (180 °C). The physicochemical characterization of hydrothermally treated materials coupled with the treatment of model compounds for sulfonic acids demonstrated that the stability is related to the presence of activating and deactivating substituents on the aromatic system. Besides sulfonic acid group leaching, a hitherto unknown mode of deactivation was identified that proceeds by the ion exchange of cations contained in the aqueous feed and protons of the sulfonic acid groups. Proton leaching is a fully reversible mode of deactivation by the treatment of the spent catalysts with strong Brønsted acids. Through a combined approach of physicochemical characterization, catalytic testing, and hydrothermal treatment, a methodology for the preparation of catalytically stable carbon materials that bear sulfonic acid groups was established.
Development of a detection device for deteriorated ZnO surge arresters at AC traction substations
Authors: Akagi Masataka , Tanaka Hiroki , Imamura Hideki 
Published: May 2018

AbstractThis paper presents a novel detection device for deteriorated zinc‐oxide (ZnO) surge arresters. It is necessary to understand the state of ZnO surge arresters for AC traction substations under operation. The waveform distortion of leakage currents can be detected through an increase in multiple harmonic currents; therefore, this effect was employed to develop a device for diagnosing damage to the surge arrester. By adopting a Rogowski coil and band‐pass filters, we can obtain more output of the 5th–15th order harmonic currents in comparison with conventional devices. If the threshold value of harmonic elements is exceeded, the lights on the device may light up to indicate the deterioration. The validity of the device was verified by artificial deterioration tests using damaged ZnO elements and a capacitor. This developed device could indicate the soundness of the surge arresters that are in proper working order while being under the influence of feeding voltages, which include harmonic voltages.
Use of Response Surface Methodology (RSM) for the Identification of the Best Extraction Conditions for Headspace Solid‐Phase Micro Extraction (HS‐SPME) of the Volatile Profile of cv. Arbequina Extra‐Virgin Olive Oil
Authors: Borges Thays H. , Ramalhosa Elsa , Seiquer Isabel , Pereira José Alberto 
Published: May 2018

The effect of the experimental conditions on assessing the global volatile profile of extra virgin olive oils (EVOO) by headspace solid‐phase microextraction/gas chromatography‐mass spectrometry (HS‐SPME/GC–MS) is studied to obtain maximization of the total peak areas of the compounds. Response Surface Methodology (RSM) is applied to Arbequina EVOO, and the influence of oil quantity, extraction time, and extraction temperature on the total area and extraction of the major desirable compounds is analyzed. The experimental data are adequately fitted into second‐order polynomial models with non‐significant lack of fit (p > 0.05) and coefficients of determination (R2 and R2‐adjusted) higher than 0.88 and 0.78, respectively. A strong similarity is found between the predicted and experimental values. Furthermore, the surface plots show that the extraction of the volatile compounds is favored with increasing extraction temperature, time, and oil quantity. The extraction conditions to obtain the maximum response of “green” volatile compounds from Arbequina olive oil by HS‐SPME placed in 50 mL vials are 4.6 g of oil, 43 min, and 59 °C.Practical Applications: The findings of the present work show that specific conditions of HS‐SPME/GC–MS affect the extraction of volatile compounds from cv. Arbequina olive oil and establish the optimum extraction parameters to more efficiently determine the global profile of this fraction, taking into account the organoleptic characteristics of the cultivar. The results also contribute to the knowledge of the volatile profile of the monovarietal olive oil cv. Arbequina, which is one of most cultivated and consumed types of olive oil worldwide.The effects of oil quantity, extraction time, and temperature on the extraction of volatile compounds from the olive oil of the widespread Arbequina variety are investigated. The main volatiles found are C6 compounds, including aldehydes, alcohols, and the corresponding esters. The volatile profile is more affected by temperature and time than the oil quantity. The application of long times and high temperatures increases the total area and the extraction of Z‐3‐hexen‐1‐ol acetate and E‐2‐hexenal to which are associated sensory traits of cut‐green, tomato, and medium bitter taste.
Supporting Carers of Children and Adolescents with Eating Disorders in Austria (SUCCEAT): Study protocol for a randomised controlled trial
Authors: Franta Claudia , Philipp Julia , Waldherr Karin , Truttmann Stefanie , Merl Elisabeth , Schöfbeck Gabriele , Koubek Doris , Laczkovics Clarissa , Imgart Hartmut , Zanko Annika , Zeiler Michael , Treasure Janet , Karwautz Andreas , Wagner Gudrun 
Published: May 2018

AbstractSupporting Carers of Children and Adolescents with Eating Disorders in Austria (SUCCEAT) is an intervention for carers of children and adolescents with anorexia nervosa and atypical anorexia nervosa. This paper describes the study protocol for a randomised controlled trial including the process and economic evaluation. Carers are randomly allocated to one of the 2 SUCCEAT intervention formats, either 8 weekly 2‐hr workshop sessions (n = 48) or web‐based modules (n = 48), and compared with a nonrandomised control group (n = 48). SUCCEAT includes the cognitive‐interpersonal model, cognitive behavioural elements, and motivational interviewing. The goal is to provide support for carers to improve their own well‐being and to support their children. Outcome measures include carers' distress, anxiety, depression, expressed emotions, needs, motivation to change, experiences of caregiving, and skills. Further outcome measures are the patients' eating disorder symptoms, emotional problems, behavioural problems, quality of life, motivation to change, and perceived expressed emotions. These are measured before and after the intervention, and 1‐year follow‐up.
Metal Organic Polyhedra: A Click‐and‐Clack Approach Toward Targeted Delivery
Authors: Samanta Soumen K. , Moncelet Damien , Vinciguerra Brittany , Briken Volker , Isaacs Lyle 
Published: May 2018

Mixed self‐assembly of ligands 1 and 2, PXDA (3), and Pd(NO3)2 afforded metal organic polyhedra (MOP 1 – MOP 3) which bear 24 covalently attached CB[7] and cyclooctyne moieties. Post assembly modification (PAM) of MOP 3 by covalent strain promoted alkyne azide click reaction provided MOP 4R bearing covalently attached functionality (PEG, sulfonate, biotin, c‐RGD, fluorescein, and cyanine). Orthogonal CB[7]·guest mediated non‐covalent PAM of MOP 4R with Ad‐FITC afforded MOP 5RGD•Ad‐FITC and MOP 5biotin•Ad‐FITC. Flow cytometry analysis of the uptake of MOP 5RGD•Ad‐FITC toward U87 cells demonstrated improved uptake relative to control MOP lacking c‐RGD ligands. These results suggest a broad applicability of orthogonally functionalizable (covalent and non‐covalent) MOPs in targeted drug delivery and imaging applications.
Hydroclimatic significance of stable isotopes in precipitation from glaciers of Garhwal Himalaya, Upper Ganga Basin (UGB), India
Authors: Verma Akshaya , Kumar Amit , Gupta Anil K. , Tiwari Sameer K. , Bhambri Rakesh , Naithani Suneet 
Published: May 2018

AbstractStable isotopic composition of precipitation as preserved in continental proxy climate archives (e.g., ice cores, lacustrine sediments, tree rings, groundwater, and organic matter) can sensitively record fluctuations in local meteorological variables. These are important natural climatic tracers to understand the atmospheric circulation patterns and hydrological cycle and to reconstruct past climate from archives. Precipitation was collected at Dokriani Glacier to understand the response of glaciers to climate change in the Garhwal Central Himalaya, Upper Ganga Basin. The local meteoric water line deviates from the global meteoric water line and is useful for the identification of moisture source in the region. The data suggest different clusters of isotopic signals, that is, summer (June–September) and winter (November–April); the mean values of δ18O, δD, and d ‰ during summer are −13.03‰, −84.49‰, and 19.78 ‰, respectively, whereas during winter, the mean values of δ18O, δD, and d ‰ are −7.59‰, −36.28‰, and 24.46 ‰, respectively. Backward wind trajectory analysis ascertains that the major source of precipitation during summer is from the Indian Summer Monsoon and during winter from the westerlies. Regression analysis has been carried out in order to establish interrelationship between the precipitation isotopic signatures and meteorological variables such as air temperature, relative humidity, and precipitation. Temperature and precipitation have good correlation with the isotopic signatures of precipitation with R2 values >.5, suggesting that both temperature and amount effects prevail in the study region. Multiple regression analysis found strong relationships for both the seasons. The relationship of deuterium excess with δ18O, relative humidity, and precipitation are significant for the winter season. No significant relationships of deuterium excess were found with other meteorological variables such as temperature and radiation. The correlation and regression analysis performed are significant and valuable for interpretation of processes in the hydrological cycle as well as for interpretation of palaeoclimate records from the region.
Regulation of microtubule stability by centrosomal proteins
Authors: Kumari Anuradha , Panda Dulal 
Published: May 2018

AbstractThe centrosome executes diverse functions including the nucleation and organization of microtubules. A subset of centrosomal proteins is found to be involved in regulating the nucleation, stability, and dynamics of microtubules. Literature is flooded with reports of centrosomal proteins regulating microtubule nucleation. However, the centrosomal proteins that regulate microtubule stability are underexplored. Here, we review the centrosomal proteins, which either enhance or reduce the stability of microtubules and thereby regulate microtubule dynamics. We also discuss unexplored aspects of the centrosomal proteins that influence microtubule stability. © 2018 IUBMB Life, 70(7):602–611, 2018
Polydimethylsiloxane/nano calcium phosphate composite tracheal stents: Mechanical and physiological properties
Authors: Bendo Demétrio Kétner , Giotti Cioato Marta Justina , Moreschi Alexandre , Oliveira Guilherme Augusto , Lorenzi William , Hehn de Oliveira Francine , Vieira de Macedo Neto Amarílio , Stefani Sanches Paulo Roberto , Xavier Rogerio Gastal , Loureiro dos Santos Luís Alberto 
Published: May 2018

AbstractIn this study, we report the production and characterization of tracheal stents composed of polydimethylsiloxane/nanostructured calcium phosphate composites obtained by reactive synthesis. Tracheal stents were produced by transfer molding, and in vivo tests were carried out. PDMS was combined with H3PO4 and Ca(OH)2 via an in situ reaction to obtain nanoparticles of calcium phosphate dispersed within the polymeric matrix. The incorporation of bioactive inorganic substances, such as calcium phosphates, improved biological properties, and the in situ reaction allowed tight coupling of particles to the matrix. Results showed the presence of the nanoparticles of DCPA and CDHA. The porosity generated during mixing decreased the tensile strength and tear properties. Composites presented higher values of cell viability compared with those for PDMS. In vivo tests indicated the presence of inflammatory tissue 30 days after implantation in both cases. Thus, the present biomaterial shows potential for application in tracheal disease, however further evaluation is needed. © 2018 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Biomed Mater Res Part B: Appl Biomater, 2018. © 2018 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Biomed Mater Res Part B: Appl Biomater 107B: 545–553, 2019.
In vitro cell response and in vivo primary osteointegration of highly porous Ta‐Nb alloys as implant materials
Authors: Liu Jue , Zhou Xiongwen , Wang Huifeng , Yang Hailin , Ruan Jianming 
Published: May 2018

AbstractBy combining the biocompatibility of Ta and excellent performance of Nb, the β‐type Ta‐xNb (x = 5, 10, and 15 wt %) alloys with three‐dimensional network structure was successfully fabricated. This work was designed to carry out the systematic study of in vitro/vivo biocompatibility of highly porous Ta‐Nb alloys. In the present study, the in vitro biological response was characterized by cell attachment, cytotoxicity test, and gene expression. Cells were well distributed on porous alloy surface and both bulk/porous Ta‐15Nb alloys showd a 0‐1 RGR level. Moreover, the upregulated gene expression may reveal an increase in bone regeneration. An assessment of primary osteogenic response in vivo was achieved by histological evaluation and pull‐out test. In vivo results demonstrated that the porous Ta‐15Nb alloy showed a higher pull‐out force than bulk Ta‐15Nb alloy and exhibited a more extensive contact between implants and bones after 12 weeks. Based on the present experiments, porous Ta‐Nb alloy scaffolds had a good biocompatibility and were promising for biomedical applications. © 2018 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Biomed Mater Res Part B: Appl Biomater, 2018. © 2018 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Biomed Mater Res Part B: Appl Biomater 107B: 573–581, 2019.
Incidental finding of a degrading zirconia dental implant 29 months after implantation: Histological and histomorphometrical analysis
Authors: Houshmand Alireza , Donkiewicz Phil , Smeets Ralf , Jung Ole , Barbeck Mike 
Published: May 2018

AbstractWith the emerging development and improvement of biomaterials, the application of ceramics in restorative medicine has experienced a renaissance. New production processes have reportedly helped to overcome unfavorable biomechanical characteristics of these materials, which lead to a wide application of zirconia as ground material for dental implants. Zirconia‐based implants are biocompatible, demonstrate ability to osseointegrate and have a teeth‐like color, rendering them to be an ideal replacement for titanium‐based implant systems, which represent the current gold standard in implantology. However, there is a lack of standardized guidelines on production of zirconia‐based implants and long‐term studies on the stability of this material in vivo are missing. In this study we demonstrate for the first time the accumulation of degradation products of a commercially available one‐piece zirconia‐based dental implant 29 months after implantation, which was recovered following a traumatic accident. Biopsy specimens from the implant and the surrounding tissue attached to it were processed for histological and histomorphometrical analysis. Although the implant was well integrated into the anchoring bone, degradation particles were observed in tissues adjacent to lower aspects of the implant. The observed implant degradation might seriously compromise implant stability several years after implantation. This incidental finding highlights the requirement of further research on zirconia‐based ceramics before they can be advertised as safe alternative to titanium‐based implant systems. © 2018 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Biomed Mater Res Part B: Appl Biomater, 106B: 2919–2923, 2018.
Low Muscle Strength and Mass Is Associated With the Accelerated Decline of Bone Microarchitecture at the Distal Radius in Older Men: the Prospective STRAMBO Study
Authors: Wagner Philippe , Chapurlat Roland , Ecochard René , Szulc Pawel 
Published: May 2018

ABSTRACT

Low muscle mass and strength are associated with poor bone microarchitecture. We studied the association of muscle mass and strength with changes in bone microarchitecture of distal radius in 821 older men during an 8-year prospective follow-up. Bone microarchitecture was assessed by high resolution peripheral quantitative computed tomography (XtremeCT-1, Scanco) at baseline, then after 4 and 8 years. Relative appendicular lean mass of the upper limbs (RALM-u.l.) was calculated as DXA-measured lean mass of upper limbs divided by (height)2. Relative grip strength was calculated as grip strength divided by height. Decrease in bone mineral content (BMC), total volumetric bone mineral density (Tt.vBMD), cortical thickness (Ct.Th), cortical area (Ct.Ar) and cortical vBMD (Ct.vBMD) accelerated with age. Trabecular area (Tb.Ar) expansion and trabecular bone deterioration accelerated with age. Men in the first RALM-u.l. quartile had more rapid loss of BMC, Tt.vBMD, Ct.Th, Ct.vBMD and Ct.Ar vs. the highest quartile. They had more rapid increase in Tb.Ar. Men in the lowest quartile of grip strength had greater decrease in BMC, Tt.vBMD, Ct.Th, Ct.vBMD, Ct.Ar, and greater increase in Tb.Ar vs. the highest quartile. In the models including ALM-u.l. and grip strength (not corrected for height), both muscle-related variables were associated with more rapid bone microarchitectural deterioration (slightly more so for grip strength). Trabecular vBMD (Tb.vBMD) and Central.Tb.vBMD increased in men having higher muscle mass and strength. Trends in trabecular number and thickness did not differ across the groups in all the analyses. Thus, in men, aging-related deterioration of bone microarchitecture was most rapid after the age of 80. Low grip strength (and slightly more weakly low RALM-u.l.) is associated with the more rapid decrease in Tt.vBMD and cortical variables, and with greater Tb.Ar expansion. In conclusion, dynapenia and sarcopenia contribute to the deterioration of bone microarchitecture in older men. © 2018 American Society for Bone and Mineral Research.