bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Ucp1 Ablation Improves Skeletal Muscle Glycolytic Function in Aging Mice
Authors: Qiu Jin , Guo Yuhan , Guo Xiaozhen , Liu Ziqi , Li Zixuan , Zhang Jun , Cao Yutang , Li Jiaqi , Yu Shuwu , Xu Sainan , Chen Juntong , Wang Dongmei , Yu Jian , Guo Mingwei , Zhou Wenhao , Wang Sainan , Wang Yiwen , Ma Xinran , Xie Cen , Xu Lingyan 
Published: November 2024

AbstractMuscular atrophy is among the systematic decline in organ functions in aging, while defective thermogenic fat functionality precedes these anomalies. The potential crosstalk between adipose tissue and muscle during aging is poorly understood. In this study, it is showed that UCP1 knockout (KO) mice characterized deteriorated brown adipose tissue (BAT) function in aging, yet their glucose homeostasis is sustained and energy expenditure is increased, possibly compensated by improved inguinal adipose tissue (iWAT) and muscle functionality compared to age‐matched WT mice. To understand the potential crosstalk, RNA‐seq and metabolomic analysis were performed on adipose tissue and muscle in aging mice and revealed that creatine levels are increased both in iWAT and muscle of UCP1 KO mice. Interestingly, molecular analysis and metabolite tracing revealed that creatine biosynthesis is increased in iWAT while creatine uptake is increased in muscle in UCP1 KO mice, suggesting creatine transportation from iWAT to muscle. Importantly, creatine analog β‐GPA abolished the differences in muscle functions between aging WT and UCP1 KO mice, while UCP1 inhibitor α‐CD improved muscle glycolytic function and glucose metabolism in aging mice. Overall, these results suggested that iWAT and skeletal muscle compensate for declined BAT function during aging via creatine metabolism to sustain metabolic homeostasis.
Modulation of the Nernst Thermoelectrics by Regulating the Anomalous Hall and Nernst Angles
Authors: Lyu Meng , Liu Junyan , Shen Jianlei , Zhang Shen , Liu Yang , Yang Jinying , Wang Yibo , Feng Yiting , Wang Binbin , Wei Hongxiang , Liu Enke 
Published: November 2024

AbstractThe large anomalous Nernst effect in magnetic Weyl semimetals is one of the most intriguing transport phenomena, which draws significant attention for its potential applications in topological thermoelectrics. Despite frequent reports of substantial anomalous Nernst conductivity (ANC), methods to optimize Nernst thermoelectrics remain limited. The research reveals that the magnitude of the ANC is directly related to the sum of the anomalous Nernst and Hall angles. While the sign of the anomalous Hall angle is relatively stable in a certain material, the sign of the anomalous Nernst angle can be intrinsically tuned. Therefore, the ANC can be effectively optimized by regulating these angles to work in concert. This finding is verified by experimental modulation from iron‐doped magnetic topological material Co3Sn2S2. Additionally, a robust TlnT scaling law of the ANC over the temperature range of 40 to 140 K is observed in all studied samples, suggesting an intrinsic origin of the ANC. Considering the common opposite sign of the anomalous Nernst and Hall angles in many magnetic topological materials, the research offers an applicable scheme for optimizing the Nernst thermoelectrics.
Physical Reservoir Computing Utilizing Ion‐Gating Transistors Operating in Electric Double Layer and Redox Mechanisms
Authors: Tsuchiya Takashi , Nishioka Daiki , Namiki Wataru , Terabe Kazuya 
Published: November 2024

AbstractThe enormous energy consumption of modern machine learning technologies, such as deep learning and generative artificial intelligence, is one of the most critical concerns of the time. To solve this problem, physical reservoir computing, which uses the non‐linear dynamics exhibited by mechanical systems such as materials and devices as a computational resource for highly efficient information processing, has attracted much attention in recent years. In particular, ion‐gated transistors, a group of devices that control electrical conductivity using electrochemical mechanisms such as electric double layers and redox, show very high computational performance with complex and diverse output properties in contrast to their simple structures, due to the complexity of the physical and chemical processes involved. This research provides an overview of physical reservoir computing using ion‐gating transistors, focusing on the materials used, various computational tasks, and operating mechanisms.
Comprehensive Passivation on Different Charged Ions and Defects for High Efficiency and Stable Perovskite Solar Cells
Authors: Ma Xixi , Yang Xiuying , Wang Ming , Qin Ru , Xu Dongfang , Lan Chaowen , Zhao Kui , Liu Zhike , Yu Binxun , Gou Jing , Liu Shengzhong Frank 
Published: November 2024

AbstractTrap‐mediated nonradiative charge recombination poses a significant obstacle to achieving high‐efficiency and stability in metal‐halide perovskite solar cells (PSCs). Utilizing the interactions between functional groups of molecules and perovskite defects as surface defect passivation strategies is a common approach in addressing this challenge. Nevertheless, the challenge lies in developing a comprehensive molecule capable of effectively depressing and passivating different charged defects. This study explores a multifunctional organic salt neostigmine methyl sulfate (NMS), to finely regulate the crystallization of perovskite film, thereby minimizing defects and passivating surface defects. The C═O and S═O of NMS coordinate with Pb2+, while the oxygen atoms of S═O interact with FA+ through hydrogen bonds (O∙∙∙H─N). The interactions involving S─O− with Pb2+ ions and ─N(CH3)3+ with the negative halide ions are predominantly electrostatic interactions. Therefore, through NMS treatment, the crystallization process of perovskite film is delayed, energy levels are optimized, and the surface defects are effectively passivated. This leads to a notable decrease in defect density and an improved alignment of perovskite energy levels, enhancing carrier transfer and extraction within the device. Consequently, a stabilized power conversion efficiency (PCE) of 24.95% is achieved. Even after 50 d, the device maintains its environmental stability retaining 89.39%.
Earth: An Oxidative Planet with Limited Atom Resources and Rich Chemistry
Authors: Dupont Jairton , Lozano Pedro 
Published: November 2024

AbstractHumanity faces an unprecedented survival challenge: climate change, driven by the depletion of natural resources, excessive waste generation, and deforestation. Six out of nine planetary boundaries have been exceeded, signaling that Earth is far from a safe operating space for humanity. In this Viewpoint Article we explore three critical “atomic‐molecular” challenges: Earth's limited atomic resources, its oxidative nature, and very rich chemistry. Addressing these requires a transformation in how we produce and consume, emphasizing sustainable practices aligned with the United Nations’ 17 goals. The advancement of science and technology has extended human life expectancy and improved quality of life. However, to ensure a sustainable future, we must move towards less oxidative chemical processes, incorporate CH4−CO2 redox chemistry into the circular economy, and transition from a linear, fossil fuel‐dependent economy to a circular bioeconomy. Reforestation and the recovery of degraded lands are essential, alongside the shift towards green and sustainable chemistry. Earth's dynamic chemistry is governed by the principles of thermodynamics and kinetics, but science alone is insufficient. Achieving global sustainability requires coordinated economic, political, and social decisions that recognize Earth's limited resources and oxidative nature. Together, these efforts will position humanity to meet the challenges of climate change and secure a sustainable future.
Organic Crystal with Anti‐Stokes Photoluminescent Excitation and Thermally Activated Delayed Fluorescence Features
Authors: Wang Jiaxuan , Zhang Heming , Liang Baoyan , Tu Zhengqian , Ke Lianbao , Li Zhiqiang , Bi Hai , Wang Yue 
Published: November 2024

AbstractThermal activation process utilizes environmental thermal energy to help supplement energy for the nonspontaneous energy‐consuming upconversion physical transitions with positive free energy change (ΔG>0). Reverse intersystem crossing (rISC) and hot band absorption are two kinds of thermal activation transitions. Thermally activated delayed fluorescence (TADF) materials with rISC have significantly propelled advancements in organic semiconductors. Hot band absorption, enables anti‐Stokes photoluminescence, offering a promising route for efficient photon upconversion. In this work, we constructed a crystal consisting of a donor‐acceptor type TADF molecule, DPQ‐DPAC, demonstrating dual thermal activation properties of hot band absorption with a notable 0.1 eV anti‐Stokes shift emission and proficient TADF performance. Only in the crystal TADF efficiency facilitates and the photoluminescence quantum yield elevates to an impressive 90.8 %. Combining the extended absorption spectrum, these enhancements collectively realize anti‐Stokes photoluminescence in crystal. Experimental and theoretical results on the DPQ‐DPAC crystal indicate optimizations in its conformational and vibrational modes, resulting in enhancements to its properties. This finding provides insight into crafting organic materials with thermally activated functionalities and contributes to fully exploiting the potential of organic materials, further advancing versatile materials applications.
Mechanics‐Photophysics Correlation in Tough, Stretchable and Long‐Lived Room Temperature Phosphorescence Ionogels Deciphered by Dynamic Mechanical Analysis
Authors: Yang Xipeng , Li Ningyan , Wang Binbin , Chen Panyi , Ma Song , Deng Yifan , Lü Shaoyu , Tang Yu 
Published: November 2024

AbstractThe development of tough, stretchable and long‐lived room temperature phosphorescence (RTP) materials holds great significance for manufacturing and processing photoluminescent materials, but limited techniques are available to profile their mechanics‐photophysics correlation. Here we report glassy ionogels, and their mechanical properties and photophysical properties are fused by dynamic mechanical analysis (DMA), functioning like a human brain that perceives a material instantaneously by linking sensory perception and cognition. Depending on two special temperatures presented in DMA curves, Tloss (the peak of loss modulus (E”)) and Tg (glass transition temperature), the ionogels can vary from being either tough with persistent phosphorescence, extensible with effective phosphorescence or resilience with inefficient phosphorescence. Leveraging this method, we achieve stretchable and long‐lived RTP ionogels with tensile yield strength of 53 MPa, tensile strain of 497 %, Young's modulus of 782 MPa, toughness of 111.2 MJ/m3, and lifetime of 113.05 ms. Our work provides a simple yet powerful method to reveal the mechanics‐photophysics correlation of RTP ionogels, to predict their performance without laborious synthesis and characterization, opening new avenues for applications of RTP materials, including applications in harsh conditions (257 K or 347 K), shape memory and shape reconstruction.
Room‐Temperature Formate Ester Transfer Hydrogenation Enables an Electrochemical/Thermal Organometallic Cascade for Methanol Synthesis from CO2
Authors: Fernández Sergio , Assaf Eric A. , Ahmad Shahbaz , Travis Benjamin D. , Curley Julia B. , Hazari Nilay , Ertem Mehmed Z. , Miller Alexander J. M. 
Published: November 2024

AbstractThe reduction of CO2 to synthetic fuels is a valuable strategy for energy storage. However, the formation of energy‐dense liquid fuels such as methanol remains rare, particularly under low‐temperature and low‐pressure conditions that can be coupled to renewable electricity sources via electrochemistry. Here, a multicatalyst system pairing an electrocatalyst with a thermal organometallic catalyst is introduced, which enables the reduction of CO2 to methanol at ambient temperature and pressure. The cascade methanol synthesis proceeds via CO2 reduction to formate by electrocatalyst [Cp*Ir(bpy)Cl]+ (Cp*=pentamethylcyclopentadienyl, bpy=2,2′‐bipyridine), Fischer esterification of formate to isopropyl formate catalyzed by trifluoromethanesulfonic acid (HOTf), and thermal transfer hydrogenation of isopropyl formate to methanol facilitated by the organometallic catalyst (H‐PNP)Ir(H)3 (H‐PNP=HN(C2H4PiPr2)2). The isopropanol solvent plays several crucial roles: activating formate ion as isopropyl formate, donating hydrogen for the reduction of formate ester to methanol via transfer hydrogenation, and lowering the barrier for transfer hydrogenation through hydrogen bonding interactions. In addition to reporting a method for room‐temperature reduction of challenging ester substrates, this work provides a prototype for pairing electrochemical and thermal organometallic reactions that will guide the design and development of multicatalyst cascades.
Enhanced Stability and Properties of Benzene‐1,3,5‐Tricarboxamide Supramolecular Copolymers through Engineered Coupled Equilibria**
Authors: Kong Huanjun , Valverde‐González Antonio , Maruchenko Régina , Bouteiller Laurent , Raynal Matthieu 
Published: November 2024

AbstractImproving the stability of multi‐component and functional assemblies such as supramolecular copolymers without impeding their dynamicity is key for their implementation as innovative materials. Up to now, this has been achieved by a trial‐and‐error approach, requiring the time‐consuming characterization of a series of supramolecular coassemblies. We report herein that this is possible to significantly enhance the stability of supramolecular copolymers by a minimal change in the chemical nature of one of the interacting monomers. This is achieved by replacing an ester function by an ether function in the structure of a chiral benzene‐1,3,5‐tricarboxamide (BTA) monomer, used as “sergeant”, coassembled with achiral monomers, the “soldiers”. Pseudo‐phase diagrams, constructed by probing the nature of the coassemblies with multifarious analytical techniques, confirm that the greater stability of the resulting copolymers is mainly due to the minimization of competing species. This leads to better rheological and catalytic properties of the corresponding supramolecular copolymers. Favouring coassembly over undesired assembly pathways must be considered as a blueprint for the development of better‐performing supramolecular multi‐component systems.
Investigation on Foamed Polypropylene/Nano‐Talc/Ethylene Propylene Diene Monomer Composites in a Combined In‐Mold Decoration and Microcellular Injection Molding Process
Authors: Yan Kui , Chang Shiyi , Guo Wei , Zhao Feng , Wang Yuanhao 
Published: November 2024

ABSTRACTA combined in‐mold decoration and microcellular injection molding (IMD/MIM) method is used in this paper. The blend materials' rheological and crystallization characteristics are thoroughly examined, shedding light on how ethylene propylene diene monomer (EPDM) influences their properties. Additionally, the cellular structure, surface quality, and mechanical properties of the foamed parts are analyzed, revealing the blend materials' impact on both the macroscopic and microscopic attributes of the foamed components. The signal‐cell and double‐cell representative volume element (RVE) model are built in Digimat to study the variation of stress distribution with time under tensile and shear loads. The results show that the addition of EPDM reduces the fluidity of the melt and makes the viscosity of the PP/nano‐talc blend system higher. The foamed composite has the largest cell diameter and the smallest cell density when the EPDM content is 20%. The addition of elastomer EPDM has only a minor influence on the interfacial bonding behavior of PP film and PP matrix, and the apparent quality is high. When the EPDM content is between 10% and 30%, it notably enhances the impact resistance of foamed material. However, this improvement comes at the cost of a reduction in tensile and flexural strength.
Restabilization of Post‐Consumer Recycled Polypropylene With Natural Antioxidants From Spent Coffee Residue
Authors: Kouranou Dionysia , Galanopoulou Christina , Korres Dimitrios M. , Tzani Andromachi , Detsi Anastasia , Vouyiouka Stamatina 
Published: November 2024

ABSTRACTThe efficiency of natural compounds as stabilizers against thermo‐mechanical degradation during the reprocessing of a post‐consumer recycled polypropylene (PCR‐PP) is herein investigated. For this purpose, natural active ingredients are extracted from spent coffee residue (SCR). Different methods of extraction are tested and all extracts are subjected to characterization methods in order to identify the most promising extract in terms of antioxidant properties, which is then reproduced on larger scale and added to a PCR‐PP at a content of 1.0 wt%. The stabilized compound undergoes five cycles of extrusion, after which it is compared to a nonstabilized PCR‐PP and a PCR‐PP stabilized with a commercial synthetic primary antioxidant, which have both undergone the same reprocessing. Consequently, the reprocessing of the nonstabilized PCR‐PP resulted in degradation and extrudates of higher melt flow rate (MFR) and lower thermal stability, that is, reduced oxidative induction time (OIT) and onset temperature (OOT). Contrariwise, with the natural compounds embodiment, the degradation was found to be suppressed, resulting in stable MFRs and higher OITs and OOTs, imitating the behavior of the PCR‐PP with the typical synthetic antioxidant. In conclusion, natural compounds from SCR may sufficiently serve as high value‐added antioxidants for the recycling of a PCR‐PP via remelting‐restabilization.
Rheological and UV‐Protecting Properties of Biobased and Biodegradable Blends for Injection Molding Applications
Authors: Tavares Loleny , Sousa Liliana R. , da Silva Sara Magalhães , Lima Paulo S. , Oliveira J. M. 
Published: November 2024

ABSTRACTThis study investigated the effect of graphene (GRA) reinforcement on the rheological properties of a biodegradable blend based on starch‐based material (B20), polybutylene succinate (PBS), and fortified pentaerythritol ester of rosin (RES) as a compatibilizer. Prototypes produced through injection molding of B20/RES/PBS and B20/RES/PBS/GRA blends were evaluated for their susceptibility to color changes induced by UV radiation. A double capillary rheometer was employed to assess the rheological properties across shear rates ranging from 10 to 6000 s−1. The viscosity master curves were well‐fitted to the Cross‐William‐Landel‐Ferry (WLF) model and the formulations exhibited non‐Newtonian (shear‐thinning) behavior. The blends demonstrated a pronounced dependence of viscosity on temperature, indicating a decrease as temperatures increased. The incorporation of GRA reinforcement into the blend led to a notable reduction in viscosity, contributing to an enhanced flow behavior. The activation energy (E

a
) was determined using the Arrhenius model and the composite B20/RES/PBS/GRA exhibited a higher E

a
value compared to B20/RES/PBS, indicating that the reinforcement with GRA requires increased energy to overcome interactions between chain segments. The incorporation of GRA significantly enhances the B20/RES/PBS blend's UV resistance due to its effective UV absorption and superior photostability, making it a promising candidate for automotive passenger compartment applications.
An Exponential Drucker‐Prager Constitutive Model of Polyurethane Adhesive for Finite Element Model Simulation
Authors: Zhang Xinmiao , Gao Feng , Li Yan , Lei Mohan , Zhou Fan 
Published: November 2024

ABSTRACTThe elasto‐plastic model‐based finite element method (FEM) simulation can graphically describe the nonlinearly mechanical response of adhesives to various loadings. Its prediction accuracy significantly hinges on the constitutive models of the adhesives. In this study, the plasticity property of the polyurethane adhesive is characterized by the Exponential Drucker‐Prager model (EDPM), and the model parameters are identified through tensile and shear tests. The FEM simulations and validation experiments reveal that there exists a monotonically increasing nonlinear relationship between the bonding thickness and the maximum stress of the adhesive joint as well as the stress peaked in the end of the single‐lap‐joint (SLJ), while the joint strength shows a monotonically decreasing tendency with the increment of the bonding length, and the stress at the joint end is distributed uniformly. The EDPM‐based constitutive model of polyurethane adhesive can accurately delineate the elastic–plastic deformation process of the bonding joints, which lays a theoretical foundation for optimizing the material properties of the adhesive and the bonding process.
Effect of Solid Content on Rheological, Mechanical, and Thermal Properties of Adipic Acid‐Based Flame Retardant Polyurethane Dispersion
Authors: Mishra Vijayalaxmi , Kapatel Parth , Kim Seong‐Cheol 
Published: November 2024

ABSTRACTThe solid concentration of polyurethane dispersion is an important aspect of the coating application. In the present work, anionic waterborne polyurethane was prepared by reacting PPG‐100, adipic acid, and THPP‐based monophosphate polyester diol with IPDI. The formulation was done by varying solid concentrations of dispersion. The chemical structure was confirmed using FTIR and NMR. The surface morphology of coated panels was analyzed by SEM that shows as solid concentration increases surface roughness increases. The rheological property indicates that the solid concentration of FRPUDs increases viscosity and storage modulus whereas loss modulus decreases. The thermal degradation rate increases from 348°C to 354°C with increased solid concentration. LOI increases from 26% to 29% with increase in solid concentration. Tensile strength increases from 10.5 to 14.8 MPa with an increase in solid concentration in dispersion. Flexibility or elongation increases from 268% to 299% with a decrease in solid concentration. Scratch hardness in coating increases with increase in solid concentration.
Poly (Methyl Methacrylate)/Polyaniline (PMMA/PAni) Electrospun Membranes for Use in Chemical Sensors
Authors: Manzo Jaime Danay , Mariz de Oliveira Barra Guilherme , Ramôa Sílvia D. A. S. , Santana Leonardo , Sartori Farenzena Lucio , Merlini Claudia 
Published: November 2024

ABSTRACTSensors play a crucial role in various sectors, including information technology, medicine, industry, and environmental monitoring. Among these, semiconductor sensors made from polymeric films, such as polyaniline (PAni), are particularly valued for their functionality at room temperature. This study focuses on developing a poly(methyl methacrylate) (PMMA)/PAni membrane using a notably low concentration of PAni, which demonstrated a remarkable variation in sensor sensitivity, achieving a difference of four orders of magnitude. The sensitivity of chemical gas sensors is significantly influenced by their specific surface area; therefore, we employed electrospinning—a cost‐effective technique that produces fibers with micro‐ to nanometric diameters, thereby significantly enhancing surface area. Our aim was to improve the electrospinning parameters configuration to create PMMA/PAni membranes with uniform fibers for gas detection applications. We evaluated three PAni concentrations (2.5 wt.%, 5 wt.%, and 7.5 wt.%) to understand their effects on the membrane's microstructure and gas response. Characterization techniques, including scanning electron microscopy, thermogravimetric analysis, and electrical conductivity measurements, revealed that a 2.5 wt.% PMMA solution produced the best fiber formation. Notably, the PMMA membrane containing 5 wt.% PAni exhibited reduced electrical resistance upon gas exposure, highlighting its strong potential for sensor applications.