bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A Comparison of the Esterase (TAMe) and Clotting Activities of Human and Bovine Thrombin Preparations*
Authors: Lanchantin G. F , Presant C. A , Hart D. W , Friedmann J. A 
Published: July 2018

SummaryA comparison has been made between the clotting activity (C) and TAMe esterase activity (E) during prothrombin activation and subsequent purification of human thrombin. A limited number of studies were made using bovine thrombin for comparison purposes. Under certain circumstances, the ratio of C to E for human thrombin is not constant, particularly upon gel-filtration at low ionic strength and during prolonged contact with 25% sodium citrate. Under other circumstances, however, these enzymic parameters are stable and human thrombin appears to have a ratio of C to E of approximately 6 while bovine thrombin has a ratio of 3. This finding may confirm the observations of others concerning the higher specific activity of human thrombin than the bovine enzyme against bovine fibrinogen. Only a single component having C and E activity has been isolated from human prothrombin preparations activated to thrombin by sodium citrate or biologically and purified by either gel filtration or ion exchange chromatography. Kinetic studies on human thrombin preparations indicate that in all other respects they are similar in enzymic properties to those reported for the purified bovine enzyme.
Platelet Aggregation in Waldenstrom’s Macroglöbulinaemia*
Authors: Rozenberg M. C , Dintenfass L 
Published: July 2018

SummaryThe morphology of coagula obtained in the cone in cone viscometer is studied in two cases of Waldenstrom’s macroglobulinaemia. Whereas the structures obtained in normal individuals have the features of in vivo thrombosis, the platelet masses usually obtained are not present in the two patients studied. It is postulated that disturbance of platelet aggregation as demonstrated may account for the bleeding diathesis in some cases of Waldenstrom’s macroglobulinaemia.
Thrombolyse mit rt-PA bei zwei Säuglingen mit infizierten Vorhofthromben
Authors: Ries M. , Haas N. , Singer H. , Helmig F.-J. , Krienke Liane 
Published: July 2018

ZusammenfassungBei zwei jungen Säuglingen wurden im Alter von 11 bzw. 44 Tagen im Rahmen septischer Krankheitsbilder echokardiographisch Thromben im rechten Vorhof diagnostiziert. Als prädisponierende Faktoren bestanden ein zentralvenöser Katheter bzw. eine ventrikulokardiale Ableitung bei Hydrozephalus. Lediglich die zweite Patientin entwickelte zusätzlich eine spezifische klinische Symptomatik im Sinne einer oberen Einflußstauung.Die Thrombolyse mit rt-PA begannen wir bei Patientin 1 bei leicht erhöhtem Blutungsrisiko mit einem Bolus von 0,3 mg/kg in 30 min und setzten sie dann in steigender Dosierung von 0,5 bis 1 mg/kg/d fort. Am 8. Tag wurde bei echo-kardiographisch gesichertem Teilerfolg die chirurgische Therapie angeschlossen. Das zweite Kind wurde initial mit einem höheren Bolus von 0,5 mg/kg in 30 min und einer anschließenden Dauerinfusion von 0,5 mg/kg/d behandelt. Nach 8 Stunden wiederholten wir dieses Vorgehen und erzielten einen zügigen und vollständigen Erfolg. Die Infektion konnte bei beiden Kindern im Rahmen der Lysetherapie antibiotisch beherrscht werden. Blutungen oder andere Komplikationen traten nicht auf.
Organ Preservation in Liver Transplantation
Authors: Zanetto Alberto , Russo Francesco , Germani Giacomo , Burra Patrizia 
Published: July 2018

AbstractThe discrepancy between the number of patients awaiting liver transplantation and the number of available donors has become a key issue in the transplant setting. Various strategies to cope with the donor shortage problem and to increase the use of suboptimal grafts have been explored. Machine perfusion has been applied ex situ to liver grafts in the effort to improve static cold-storage preservation. If a more extensive application of this technology confirms the preliminary results, machine perfusion will become crucial in increasing the donor pool as well as improving recipients' outcomes. In this review, the authors focused on the evolution of machine perfusion, from the first animal experiences to the latest evidence in humans, highlighting the pros and cons as well as the potential clinical applications of various types of machine.
The Nasal Width and Boxiness Index: Introduction and Pilot Study on Reliability and Validity of Sonographic Morphometry
Authors: Litschel Ralph , Tasman Abel-Jan 
Published: July 2018

AbstractBoth intended and unintended surgical modifications of nasal width and shape of the nasal tip continue to be of interest to the rhinoplasty surgeon. As validated instruments for quantifying width and boxiness are lacking, the objective of this study was to introduce a width index and a boxiness index for the nasal dorsum and the nasal tip. A width index and a boxiness index were defined within the methodological limits of noncontact sonography. The reliability of both indices was studied by comparing the measurements of two examiners on the noses of five volunteers. The validity of the indices was studied by correlating the sonographic width and boxiness with the 5-point Likert scale ratings of photographs of 5 noses by 21 lay persons. Nasal width was defined as the diameter at a distance of 5 mm from the skin surface on a sonographic cross-section perpendicular to the skin surface. Boxiness was defined as the quotient of width at a depth of 1 and 5 mm. Bland–Altmann analysis revealed negligible bias between both examiners and 95% of limits of agreement of 13, 7, and 13% for width at 1 mm, width at 5 mm, and boxiness, respectively. Corresponding Pearson's correlation coefficients were r = 0.93, r = 0.93, and r = 0.71. The correlation between the cumulative lay persons' scores and sonographic width and boxiness were r = 0.97, r = 0.66, and r = 0.81 for nasal tip width, dorsal width, and boxiness, respectively. Both the width at a depth of 5 mm as measured with sonography and the boxiness index that is defined as width at a depth of 1 mm divided by the width at a depth of 5 mm may prove to be acceptable surrogate parameters for width and boxiness of the nose in comparative morphometric studies.
The Impact of Sperm and Egg Donation on the Risk of Pregnancy Complications
Authors: Sibai Baha , Bart Yossi , Shina Avi , Mazaki-Tovi Shali , Eisen Irit , Hendler Israel , Baum Micha , Schiff Eyal , Fishel Bartal Michal 
Published: July 2018

Objective The aim of this study was to evaluate obstetric outcomes in relation to the extent of donor sperm exposure with and without egg donation.
Materials and Methods This is a retrospective cohort study in a single tertiary care center. All women with a singleton pregnancy who conceived following sperm donation (SD) were included. Obstetrics and neonatal outcomes for pregnancies following single SD were compared with pregnancies following repeat SD from the same donor. In a secondary analysis, we compared pregnancy outcomes among three modes of assisted reproductive technology (intrauterine insemination [IUI-SD], in vitro fertilization [IVF-SD], and IVF sperm + egg donation [IVF-SD + ED]).
Results A total of 706 pregnant women met the inclusion criteria, 243 (34.4%) following the first SD and 463 (65.6%) following repeat donations. Compared with repeat SDs, single donation was not associated with higher rates of preterm delivery (12.8 vs. 12.7%, respectively, p = 0.99), preeclampsia (7.0 vs. 6.9%, p = 0.999), and intrauterine growth restriction (4.1 vs. 3.9%, p = 0.88). Pregnancies following IVF-SD + ED had increased risk for preeclampsia (adjusted odds ratio [AOR], 3.1; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.5–6.6), preterm labor (AOR, 2.4; 95% CI, 1.1–5.4), and cesarean section (AOR, 2.1; 95% CI, 1.0–4.3) compared with IUI-SD and IVF-SD.
Conclusion The extent of donor sperm exposure did not correlate with obstetrics complications, but double gamete donation was associated with increased risk for preeclampsia, preterm labor, and cesarean section.
Status Epilepticus in Neonates
Authors: Saini Arushi , Vinayan Kollencheri 
Published: July 2018

AbstractSeizures are a reflection of acute brain injury in the neonatal period, and status epilepticus reflects a state of high seizure burden. Neonatal status epilepticus has been reported in 8 to 43% of newborns with seizures. There is no separate definition for neonatal status epilepticus, and it has been commonly defined as a continuous seizure lasting at least 30 minutes and/or a series of seizures whose total duration exceeds 50% of a given epoch. The causes of status epilepticus in the neonatal period mirror the causes of neonatal seizures. It is symptomatic, usually associated with hypoxic–ischemic encephalopathy, inherited metabolic disorders, infections, and cerebral hemorrhage. Management guidelines are not separately outlined for neonatal status epilepticus and are commonly derived from the recommendations for neonatal and infantile seizures. The presence of neonatal status epilepticus significantly increases the odds for development of cerebral palsy, global developmental delay, and epilepsy later in life. Further research is needed into the role of current antiepileptic drugs in causing neuronal injury and use of neuroprotective agents during neonatal status epilepticus.
Vestibulo-ocular function in patients with sporadic ataxia
Authors: Zeigelboim Bianca Simone , Kronbauer Kairone Fernandes , Von Scheidt Anylize Wachholz , Teive Hélio , Fonseca Vinicius , Marques Jair 
Published: July 2018

Objective:
To identify vestibular alterations in patients with sporadic ataxia (SA).

Materials and methods:
A retrospective, cross-sectional study was carried out. Eleven patients, four females and seven males, 35–58 years of age (mean age, 46.6 ± 8 years) were evaluated, and they underwent the following procedures: anamnesis, otorhinolaryngological assessment to exclude any kind of middle ear impairments that may hinder exam results, and vestibular evaluation to verify the existence of vestibular disorders, kind and site of the lesion. Significance criterion by comparing the result of the vestibular screening (analysing normal and altered results) was p < .05.

Results:
Clinically, patients evidenced greater occurrence of gait imbalance (81.8%), dysarthria (63.8%) and dysphagia (54.5%). Dizziness was reported in 45.4% of the cases. In the vestibular testing, prevalence of alterations occurred in the caloric test (54.5%), in the rotation test (45.5%), and in the search for gaze and optokinetic nystagmus (27.3%, each). The presence of testing alteration was observed in 73% of the patients, central vestibular disorder was the greatest occurrence in 64% of the exams.

Conclusions:
Vestibular function disorder occurred in 73% of the patients, detected in the caloric test, central vestibular system disorder, deficit kind, was prevalent. The high number of alterations, diagnosed in the test, point to the relevance of the labyrinth screening in this rare kind of ataxia, and evidence the importance of patients’ early diagnosis and follow-up.
Use of Prescription Medications That Potentially Interfere With Blood Pressure Control in New-Onset Hypertension and Treatment-Resistant Hypertension
Authors: Hwang Andrew Y , Dave Chintan V , Smith Steven M 
Published: July 2018

Abstract

BACKGROUND
Withdrawing medications that interfere with blood pressure (BP) is recommended in patients with uncontrolled BP, yet real-world use of such agents is not well characterized among individuals with hypertension. We aimed to evaluate the use of BP-interfering prescription medications among US patients with hypertension.

METHODS
This retrospective drug utilization study used medical and prescription claims (January 2008 to December 2014) in the MarketScan commercial claims database. We included adults, aged 18–65 years, with a hypertension diagnosis (International Classification of Diseases, Ninth Revision, code 401) and ≥1 antihypertensive medication fill. Two hypertension cohorts were examined—new antihypertensive drug users (incident hypertension) and patients requiring titration to a fourth antihypertensive (incident treatment-resistant hypertension [TRH]). Patient-level exposure to BP-interfering medications was assessed 6 months before and after the index date, defined as the first prescription fill of an antihypertensive drug or the first occurrence of overlapping use of ≥4 antihypertensive drugs.

RESULTS
We identified 521,028 patients with incident hypertension and 131,764 patients with incident TRH. The most prevalent BP-interfering prescription medications were nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs), acetaminophens, and hormones. Overall, 18.3% of the incident hypertension cohort and 17.6% of the incident TRH cohort initiated a BP-interfering medication following antihypertensive titration. Among patients previously taking a BP-interfering medication, 57.6% with incident hypertension and 64.9% with incident TRH refilled that medication after antihypertensive intensification.

CONCLUSIONS
The use of prescription BP-interfering medications, especially NSAIDs, is prevalent among patients requiring intensification of their antihypertensive regimen. Greater efforts to limit the use of these medications, where feasible, may be required among patients with uncontrolled hypertension.
WAVES: a web application for versatile enhanced bioinformatic services
Authors: Chakiachvili Marc , Milanesi Sylvain , Arigon Chifolleau Anne-Muriel , Lefort Vincent 
Published: July 2018

Abstract

Summary
WAVES is a web application dedicated to bioinformatic tool integration. It provides an efficient way to implement a service for any bioinformatic software. Such services are automatically made available in three ways: web pages, web forms to include in remote websites and a RESTful web services single application programing interface to access remotely from applications. In order to fulfill the service’s computational needs, WAVES can perform computation on various resources and environments, such as Galaxy instances.

Availability and implementation
WAVES was developed with Django, a Python-based web framework. It was designed as a reusable web application. It is fully portable, as only a Python installation is required to run Django. It is licensed under GNU General Public License. Source code, documentation with examples and demo are available from http://www.atgc-montpellier.fr/waves/.

Supplementary information
Supplementary data are available at Bioinformatics online.
GPseudoRank: a permutation sampler for single cell orderings
Authors: Strauß Magdalena E , Reid John E , Wernisch Lorenz 
Published: July 2018

AbstractMotivationA number of pseudotime methods have provided point estimates of the ordering of cells for scRNA-seq data. A still limited number of methods also model the uncertainty of the pseudotime estimate. However, there is still a need for a method to sample from complicated and multi-modal distributions of orders, and to estimate changes in the amount of the uncertainty of the order during the course of a biological development, as this can support the selection of suitable cells for the clustering of genes or for network inference.ResultsIn applications to scRNA-seq data we demonstrate the potential of GPseudoRank to sample from complex and multi-modal posterior distributions and to identify phases of lower and higher pseudotime uncertainty during a biological process. GPseudoRank also correctly identifies cells precocious in their antiviral response and links uncertainty in the ordering to metastable states. A variant of the method extends the advantages of Bayesian modelling and MCMC to large droplet-based scRNA-seq datasets.Availability and implementationOur method is available on github: https://github.com/magStra/GPseudoRank.Supplementary informationSupplementary data are available at Bioinformatics online.
WebMetabase: cleavage sites analysis tool for natural and unnatural substrates from diverse data source
Authors: Radchenko Tatiana , Fontaine Fabien , Morettoni Luca , Zamora Ismael 
Published: July 2018

Abstract

Summary
More than 150 peptide therapeutics are globally in clinical development. Many enzymatic barriers should be crossed by a successful drug to be prosperous in such a process. Therefore, the new peptide drugs must be designed preventing the potential protease cleavage to make the compound less susceptible to protease reaction. We present a new data analysis tool developed in WebMetabase, an approach that stores the information from liquid chromatography mass spectrometry-based experimental data or from external sources such as the MEROPS database. The tool is a chemically aware system where each peptide substrate is presented as a sequence of structural blocks (SBs) connected by amide bonds and not being limited to the natural amino acids. Each SB is characterized by its pharmacophoric and physicochemical properties including a similarity score that describes likelihood between a SB and each one of the other SBs in the database. This methodology can be used to perform a frequency analysis to discover the most frequent cleavage sites for similar amide bonds, defined based on the similarity of the SB that participate in such a bond within the experimentally derived and/or public database.

Availability and implementation
http://webmetabase.com:8182/WebMetabaseBioinformatics/

Supplementary information
Supplementary data are available at Bioinformatics online.
eModel-BDB: a database of comparative structure models of drug-target interactions from the Binding Database
Authors: Naderi Misagh , Govindaraj Rajiv Gandhi , Brylinski Michal 
Published: July 2018

ABSTRACT

Background
The structural information on proteins in their ligand-bound conformational state is invaluable for protein function studies and rational drug design. Compared to the number of available sequences, not only is the repertoire of the experimentally determined structures of holo-proteins limited, these structures do not always include pharmacologically relevant compounds at their binding sites. In addition, binding affinity databases provide vast quantities of information on interactions between drug-like molecules and their targets, however, often lacking structural data. On that account, there is a need for computational methods to complement existing repositories by constructing the atomic-level models of drug-protein assemblies that will not be determined experimentally in the near future.

Results
We created eModel-BDB, a database of 200,005 comparative models of drug-bound proteins based on  1,391,403 interaction data obtained from the Binding Database and the PDB library of 31 January 2017. Complex models in eModel-BDB were generated with a collection of the state-of-the-art techniques, including protein meta-threading, template-based structure modeling, refinement and binding site detection, and ligand similarity-based docking. In addition to a rigorous quality control maintained during dataset generation, a subset of weakly homologous models was selected for the retrospective validation against experimental structural data recently deposited to the Protein Data Bank. Validation results indicate that eModel-BDB contains models that are accurate not only at the global protein structure level but also with respect to the atomic details of bound ligands.

Conclusions
Freely available eModel-BDB can be used to support structure-based drug discovery and repositioning, drug target identification, and protein structure determination.
Digital Microscopy, Image Analysis, and Virtual Slide Repository
Authors: Aeffner Famke , Adissu Hibret A , Boyle Michael C , Cardiff Robert D , Hagendorn Erik , Hoenerhoff Mark J , Klopfleisch Robert , Newbigging Susan , Schaudien Dirk , Turner Oliver , Wilson Kristin 
Published: July 2018

AbstractAdvancements in technology and digitization have ushered in novel ways of enhancing tissue-based research via digital microscopy and image analysis. Whole slide imaging scanners enable digitization of histology slides to be stored in virtual slide repositories and to be viewed via computers instead of microscopes. Easier and faster sharing of histologic images for teaching and consultation, improved storage and preservation of quality of stained slides, and annotation of features of interest in the digital slides are just a few of the advantages of this technology. Combined with the development of software for digital image analysis, digital slides further pave the way for the development of tools that extract quantitative data from tissue-based studies. This review introduces digital microscopy and pathology, and addresses technical and scientific considerations in slide scanning, quantitative image analysis, and slide repositories. It also highlights the current state of the technology and factors that need to be taken into account to insure optimal utility, including preanalytical considerations and the importance of involving a pathologist in all major steps along the digital microscopy and pathology workflow.
The NASSAU (New ASSessment of cerebral Arteriovenous Malformations yet Unruptured) Analysis: Are the Results From The ARUBA Trial Also Applicable to Unruptured Arteriovenous Malformations Deemed Suitable for Gamma Knife Surgery?
Authors: Karlsson Bengt , Jokura Hidefumi , Yang Huai-Che , Yamamoto Masaaki , Martinez Roberto , Kawagishi Jun , Guo Wan-Yuo , Beute Guus , Pan David H C , Aiyama Hitoshi , Chung Wen-Yuh , Söderman Michael , Yeo Tseng Tsai 
Published: July 2018

Abstract

BACKGROUND
The optimal management of unruptured brain arteriovenous malformations (AVMs) is controversial after the ARUBA trial.

OBJECTIVE
To confirm or repudiate the ARUBA conclusion that “medical management only is superior to medical management with interventional therapy for unruptured brain arteriovenous malformations.”

METHODS
Data were collected from 1351 patients treated with Gamma Knife Surgery (GKS; Elekta AB, Stockholm, Sweden) for unruptured and untreated AVMs The follow-up was 8817 yr (median 5.0 and mean 6.5). The results of the analyses were compared to that found in patients randomized to medical management only in the ARUBA trial and extrapolated to a 10-yr time period. Our data were also compared to the natural course in a virtual AVM population for a 25-yr time period.

RESULTS
The incidence of stroke was similar among ARUBA and our patients for the first 5 yr. Thereafter, the longer the follow-up, the relatively better outcome following treatment. Both the mortality rate and the incidence of permanent deficits in patients with small AVMs were the same as in untreated patients for the first 2 to 3 yr after GKS, after which GKS patients did better. Patients with large AVMs had a higher incidence of neurological deficits in the first 3 yr following GKS. The difference decreased thereafter, but the time until break even depended on the analysis method used and the assumed risk for hemorrhage in patent AVMs.

CONCLUSION
The ARUBA trial conclusion that medical management is superior to medical management with interventional therapy for all unruptured AVMs could be repudiated.
Using Dog Scent Detection as a Point-of-Care Tool to Identify Toxigenic Clostridium difficile in Stool
Authors: Taylor Maureen T , McCready Janine , Broukhanski George , Kirpalaney Sakshi , Lutz Haydon , Powis Jeff 
Published: July 2018

Abstract
We evaluated the operating characteristics of 2 comparably trained dogs as a “point-of-care” diagnostic tool to detect toxin gene-positive Clostridium difficile. Although each dog could detect toxin gene-positive C difficile in stool specimens with sensitivities of 77.6 and 92.6 and specificities of 85.1 and 84.5, respectively, interrater reliability is only modest (Cohen’s kappa 0.52), limiting widespread application.