bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The Pattern, Presentation and Risk Factors of Ocular Trauma Among Patients Treated at Hawassa University, Referral Hospital
Authors: Alem Kindie Desta , Weldegiorgis Samson Tesfaye , Agaje Bekalu Getahun , Arega Demoze Delelegn 
Published: November 2018

Background:
Ocular trauma is a significant public health problem which may lead to permanent visual impairment. Being preventable, the visual impairment can occur at any age in either sex and has significant socioeconomic burden especially in developing countries.

Objective:
To assess the pattern, presentation and risk factors of ocular trauma in patients treated at Hawassa University, Referral Hospital, South Ethiopia

Methods:
The study was conducted from August 01, 2014 to July 31, 2015, and all patients who visited Hawassa University, Referral Hospital for ocular trauma were included in the study. Data entry and analysis was done using SPSS version 20 and the descriptive and analytic statistics were carried out.

Results:
A total of 335 patients were included into the study. Ocular trauma was observed mostly in children (65.67%) and rural dwellers (76.12%). Assault trauma and surgery, secondary to trauma, were associated with open globe injury (P = 0.021, AOR = 43.17 and P = 0.006, AOR = 25.67, respectively). The corneal tear was the most frequently observed finding (59.70%). Most of the patients (>90%) presented after 6 hours from time of ocular trauma and the treatment was commenced also after 6 hours in >95% of them. Among all patients included in the study, 59.71% of them were with visual acuity of <3/60 at presentation.

Conclusion:
Ocular trauma was high in males, children, rural dwellers and low income families and most of the patients (>90%) presented after 6 hours from time of ocular trauma.
Combined User and Antenna Selection in Massive MIMO Using Precoding Technique
Authors: Sheikh Tasher Ali , Bora Joyatri , Hussain Md. Anwar 
Published: November 2018

Background and Objectives:
We propose here joint semi-orthogonal user selection and antenna
selection algorithm based on precoding scheme.

Methods:
The focus of this proposed algorithm is to increase the system sumrate and decrease the
complexity. We select and schedule users from a large number of users based on semi-orthogonality
condition among them. Here, we select only the maximum channel gain antennas to maximize the
system sumrate. Subsequently, the user selection and antenna selection have been scheduled in an
adequate manner in order to obtain maximum system sumrate. We calculate the system sumrate for
two scenarios: firstly, by considering the interference and secondly without considering the interference.
We achieve maximum system sumrate at MMSE and lowest at without precoding while considering
the interference. However, when we do not consider the interference we obtain lowest sumrate
at MMSE and maximum at without precoding.

Results and Conclusion:
Here, we apply the precoding scheme to increase the system sumrate and
we obtain approximately 20% to 35% higher system sumrate compared to without precoding, when
interference is considered. Thus, we achieve higher sumrate in our proposed algorithms compared to
other existing work.
Structure-Activity Relationship of Dicoumarol Derivatives as anti- Staphylococcus aureus (Staph Infection) Agents
Authors: Rasheed Nidaa , Galant Natalie J. , Csizmadia Imre G. 
Published: November 2018

<P>Introduction: Staph infection, caused by a bacterium known as Staphylococcus aureus,
results in a range of diseases from cellulitis to meningitis. Dicoumarol compounds are now emerging
as new anti-Staph infection agents as they possess a different chemical structure than compounds
used in previous treatments, in order to combat antibiotic-resistant strains. However, it is
unclear how such chemical modulations to the dicoumarol backbone structure achieve higher drug
performance.

Methods:
The following review analyzed various quantitative structure-activity relationship
(QSAR) studies on dicoumarol compounds and compared them against the corresponding minimum
inhibitory concentration and binding affinity values.

Results:
Compared to the antimicrobial activity, the dicoumarol derivatives with electron withdrawing
substituents, CL, NO2, and CF3 showed an inverse correlation; whereas, the opposite was
observed with electron donating compounds such as OH, OMe, and amine groups. Based on the
interactions of dicoumarol at the active site, an “aromatic donor-acceptor” relationship was proposed
as the method of action for this drug. Furthermore, substituent positioning on the benzene
ring was found to exert a greater effect on the binding affinity, speculating that the mechanism of
action is two characteristics based, needing, both, the proper aromatic pi-pi interaction for stabilization
and direct binding to the OH group in the Tyrosine residue, affected by the steric hindrance.

Conclusion:
This foundational review can enhance productivity sought by the pharmaceutical
agency to use combinational chemistry to increase the efficiency to discover new hits in the synthesis
of dicoumarol drugs against Staph infection.</P>
Adrenocorticotropic Hormone for Childhood Nephrotic Syndrome
Authors: Wang Chia-shi , Travers Curtis , McCracken Courtney , Leong Traci , Gbadegesin Rasheed , Quiroga Alejandro , Benfield Mark R. , Hidalgo Guillermo , Srivastava Tarak , Lo Megan , Yadin Ora , Mathias Robert , Araya Carlos E. , Khalid Myda , Orjuela Alvaro , Zaritsky Joshua , Al-Akash Samhar , Kamel Margret , Greenbaum Larry A. 
Published: November 2018

Background and objectives
There is renewed interest in adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH) for the treatment of nephrotic syndrome. We evaluated the efficacy and safety of ACTH in children with frequently relapsing or steroid-dependent nephrotic syndrome in a randomized trial.

Design, setting, participants, & measurements
Participants aged 2–20 years old with frequently relapsing or steroid-dependent nephrotic syndrome were enrolled from 16 sites in the United States and randomized 1:1 to ACTH (repository corticotropin injection) or no relapse-preventing treatment. ACTH treatment regimen was 80 U/1.73 m2 administered twice weekly for 6 months, followed by 40 U/1.73 m2 administered twice weekly for 6 months. The primary outcome was disease relapse during the first 6 months. Participants in the control group were offered crossover to ACTH treatment if they relapsed within 6 months. Secondary outcomes were relapse after ACTH dose reduction and treatment side effects.

Results
The trial was stopped at a preplanned interim analysis after enrollment of 31 participants because of a lack of discernible treatment efficacy. Fourteen out of 15 (93%) participants in the ACTH arm experienced disease relapse in the first 6 months, with a median time to first relapse of 23 days (interquartile range, 9–32), compared with 15 out of 16 (94%) participants and at a median of 21 days (interquartile range, 14–51) in the control group. There was no difference in the proportion of relapsed patients (odds ratio, 0.93; 95% confidence interval, 0.05 to 16.40; P>0.99) or time to first relapse (hazard ratio, 1.03; 95% confidence interval, 0.50 to 2.15; P=0.93). Thirteen out of 16 participants in the control group crossed over to ACTH treatment. Three out of 28 participants completed 12 months of ACTH treatment; the others exited the trial because of frequent relapses or side effects. There were no disease relapses after ACTH dose reduction among the three participants. Most side effects were mild and similar to side effects of corticosteroids.

Conclusions
ACTH at 80 U/1.73 m2 administered twice weekly was ineffective at preventing disease relapses in pediatric nephrotic syndrome.
AN APPRAISAL ON DHARANIYA VEGAS IN CHARAKA SAMHITA
Authors: KOTEKAR AJANTHA SHIVAJI , S Geetha Nayak , M K Anjana , S Anand 
Published: November 2018

Basic principles of Ayurveda emphasize the importance of hetu (causative factor) in disease pathogenesis. Indulgence in dharaniya vega (urges to be suppressed or controlled) acts as a factor in cascade of pathogenesis. In Charaka Samhita description on nine dharaniya vegas is scattered in different contexts. Collection of all these information and analysis paves way for better understanding of the concept of Dharaniya vegas and very helpful in health promotion. It is quite interesting to note that these dharaniya vegas are connected to emotional states of mind. The natural urges of mind are important aspect of living body and significantly determine the health or diseased state of an individual. Individual desirous of health should control these urges by gaining control over sense organs. These nine dharaniya vegas, if not controlled can lead to tridosha prakopa (vitiation of body humours) and result in varied psychosomatic manifestations. In the present article an attempt is been made to explore the concept of dharaniya vega mentioned in Charaka samhita with contemporary relevance in clinical Ayurveda practice and thereby aide in health promotion and also as a preventive tool.
Key words:
PREVENTION OF CARDIO VASCULAR DISEASE THROUGH AYURVEDA
Authors: Asthana Alok Kumar , Asthana Monika , Sharma Payal 
Published: November 2018

In today's era non communicable diseases are most prevalent diseases. They are also known as chronic diseases. Cardiovascular disease (heart disease) or Hridaroga is one of them. This is a lifestyle disorder and that’s why we should always focus on a healthy lifestyle. A healthy lifestyle can reduce the risk of this lethal disease. Our various bad food habits and sedentary lifestyle are the major causes for heart disease. This article will provide all of us a brief knowledge of heart disease (hridaroga). One has correctly said “Prevention is better than cure”. So, this article will mainly focus on how we can prevent heart disease through ayurveda. Ayurveda is the best pathy to prevent lifestyle disorder. Here we will see various yoga asanas, various dietary habits, lifestyle modifications we can do to prevent the disease.
Keywords: Hridaroga, hridashoola, CVD
FORMULATION AND EVALUATION OF ACYCLOVIR LOADED NOVEL NANO-EMULSION GEL FOR TOPICAL TREATMENT OF HERPES SIMPLEX VIRAL INFECTIONS
Authors: Patel Swati , Jain Prabhat , Parkhe Geeta 
Published: November 2018

Acyclovir has low bioavailability mainly due to low solubility. This study aimed to formulate an optimized acyclovir (ACV) nanoemulsion gel for the slow, variable and incomplete oral drug absorption in patient suffering from herpes simplex viral infection. The dispersion solubility of acyclovir was studied in various oils, surfactants and co-surfactants and by constructing pseudo phase ternary diagram nanoemulsion area was identified. The optimized formulations of nanoemulsions were subjected to thermodynamic stability tests. After stability study, stable formulation was characterized for droplet size, pH determination, centrifugation, % drug content in nanoemulsion, Zeta Potential and Vesicle size measurement and than nanoemulsion gel were prepared and characterized for spreadability, measurement of viscosity, drug content, In-vitro diffusion, in-vitro release data. Span 40 was selected as surfactant, PEG 400 as co surfactant and castor oil as oil component based on solubility study. The in vitro drug release from acyclovir nanoemulsion gel was found to be considerably higher in comparison to that of the pure drug. The in-vitro diffusion of nanoemulsion gel was significantly good. Based on this study, it can be concluded the solubility and permeability of acyclovir can be increased by formulating into nanoemulsion gel.
Keywords: Acyclovir, Nanoemulsion, In-vitro diffusion, Zeta potential, Stability
WOUND HEALING POTENTIAL OF METHANOLIC EXTRACT OF FLOWERS OF BUTEA MONOSPERMA LINN. IN DIABETIC ANIMALS
Authors: Panwar Shweta , Jain Neetesh Kumar , Gupta MK 
Published: November 2018

The main of our study is to evaluate the Wound Healing Potential of Methanolic Extract of Flowers of Butea monosperma Linn. in Diabetic Animals. Methanolic extract was prepared by continuous hot extraction method by soxhlet apparatus. Preliminary phytochemical screening showed the presence of flavonoids, phenolic compounds and some glycosides. Diabetes was induced by single injection of Alloxan monohydrate in Wistar albino rats and their blood glucose levels were measured. Excision wound model was used for creation of wound in diabetic animals and methanolic extract was administered in diabetic animals to observe its effect. Methanolic extract significantly lowered the blood glucose level and highly significantly showed wound contraction in diabetic animals. The preliminary phytochemical analysis of the Butea monosperma flower extract showed the presence of tannins, flavonoids and triterpenoids. As per previous literature survey, flavonoids are responsible for anti-diabetic and wound healing activity. So this wound healing effect of Butea monosperma may be due to presence of flavonoids in plant. Hence present research supports traditional claims of the plant in wound healing.
Keywords: Butea monosperma, Diabetic animals, Alloxan monohydrate, Methanolic Extract, Wound Area
FORMULATION, CHARACTERIZATION AND IN VITRO EVALUATION OF FLOATING MICROSPHERES OF MEBENDAZOLE AS A GASTRO RETENTIVE DOSAGE FORM
Authors: Parmar Lokesh , Gupta Mansi , Parkhe Geeta 
Published: November 2018

The present study involves preparation and evaluation of floating microspheres using Mebendazole (MBZ) as a model drug for improving the drug bioavailability by prolongation of gastric retention time. Ethyl cellulose, hydroxyl propyl methyl cellulose microspheres loaded with mebendazole were prepared by solvent diffusion evaporation method. The microspheres had smooth surfaces, with free-flowing and good-packing properties. The yield of the microspheres was up to 85.65±0.14% and ethyl cellulose microspheres entrapped the maximum amount of the drug. Scanning electron microscopy confirmed their hollow structures with sizes in the range 215.1 to 251.80 nm. The prepared microspheres exhibited prolonged drug release and Percentage buoyancy was found to70.25±0.15. The formulated batches were evaluated for percentage yield, particle size measurement, flow properties, percent entrapment efficiency, swelling studies. The formulations were subjected to Stability studies and In-vitro release and Release kinetics data was subjected to different dissolution models.
Keywords: solvent diffusion evaporation method, Mebendazole, Ethyl cellulose, Hydroxyl propyl methyl cellulose
GREEN SYNTHESIS AND CHARACTERIZATION OF SILVER NANO PARTICLES BY USING PSIDIUM GUAJAVA LEAF EXTRACT
Authors: TENKAYALA DR SHOBHA RANI , Sougandhi Pagadala R , Reddeppa Mekala. , Harini Sapara Sekhar , Gangadhara R. 
Published: November 2018

In this study, rapid, simple approach was applied for synthesis of silver nanoparticles by using Psidium guajava aqueous leaf extract. The plant extract acts as both reducing agent and capping agent. The green synthesized silver nanoparticles were characterized by using physic-chemical techniques viz, UV-Visible spectroscopy, Fourier Transform Infrared Spectrophotometer [FTIR], Particle size analyser and Scanning electron microscopy. UV-Visible spectrophotometer showed absorbance peak in the range of 419nm.The compounds responsible for silver ions and the functional groups present in plant extract were identified and investigated by FTIR technique. The characterization data reveals that the particles were in crystalline in nature with an average size of 62nm. The silver nanoparticles (Ag NPs) were rapidly synthesized using aqueous extract of guava leaf with AgNO3 solution within 15min at room temperature, without the involvement of any hazardous chemicals.
Keywords: Nano particles, green synthesis, Silver, Psidium guajava and reducing agents.
Knowledge, Attitudes and Practices of Waterpipe Smokers in Sulaimani City/ Kurdistan Region of Iraq
Authors: Ibrahim Hama Rahim Bestun , M. Ibrahem Abdulrahman , Mustafa Kamal Niaz 
Published: November 2018

Waterpipe smoking is a global phenomenon, particularly among youths and young adults. This practice is rising in the Middle East countries. Waterpipe comprises many chemical toxins as cigarette smoke. Waterpipe smoking can cause several health problems. A descriptive case-series study was performed from 10th of October 2017 to 20th of December 2017 in eight waterpipe cafeterias in Sulaimani city. The current study involved 230 waterpipe smokers. A structured questionnaire was used to collect data. P-value ?0.05 was used to show a level of significance. The age range of the waterpipe smokers was 16-39 years with the mean age was 24.63 years. The age distribution was a sharp peak in the age group of 21 to 25 years, over two fifths (40.9%) of the study subjects lay in this age group. The waterpipe smoking was higher in the individuals with high education level (52.2%). Regarding the participants’ occupations, the frequency of the waterpipe smoking was higher among self-employment. Over two-thirds of participants (68.7%) were unmarried. The main motives for waterpipe smoking were life pressures, pleasurable experience, and habit (31%, 27%, and 25% respectively). The majority of participants had a good knowledge about the negative health effects of waterpipe smoking. Approximately half of the participants (48.3%) possessed waterpipe at home, over two thirds (68.3%) of subjects preferred smoking waterpipe with their friends, half of the respondents (50.0%) preferred smoking waterpipe at the cafeteria. Likewise, over half of participants (51.3%) smoked waterpipe every day. The main reason for the intention to quit waterpipe was a health concern.
Seleukoslar döneminde Antiokheia’da sosyal ve kültürel yaşam üzerine analizler
Authors: YILDIRIM Nurgül , TEMİZKAN Meltem 
Published: November 2018

M. Ö. 300 yılı Antiokheia’nın (Antakya) Yakındoğu topraklarının önemli bir bölümünü ele geçiren Makedon Seleukoslar tarafından başkent ilan edildiği ve bir başkente yakışır imar faaliyetlerinin başlatıldığı yılı temsil etmiştir. Başlatılan bu imar faaliyetlerinin çoğunlukla Makedon ve Yunan izleri taşıması, kentin yerel dokusuyla uyumu noktasında büyük ayrışmalara neden olmuş, bu ayrışmanın yalnızca imar faaliyetleriyle sınırlı kalmayıp zamanla tüm sosyal alanları etkilediği kabul edilmiştir. Zengin yerel kültür üzerinde egemenlik kurmak amacıyla Seleukoslar büyük ölçüde Antiokheia ve yakın çevresindeki göçmen Yunan ve Makedon nüfusa güvenmiştir. Bu doğrultuda oluşturdukları yeni sosyal tabakalaşma yerli erkeklere yönetimlerinin alt ve orta kademelerinde yer vermeleriyle şekillenmiştir. Antiokheia’da Seleukoslar öncesi dönemde ve Seleukoslar’ın egemenlikleri döneminde var olan inanç sisteminin değiştirilmesi yönünde yapılan faaliyetler sonucunda çıkan isyanlarla birlikte kentte baskın rol oynayan halkların kendi kültürlerini sürdürme noktasında direniş içerisine girdikleri de gözlemlenmiştir. Bu çalışmada, Seleukoslar’ın Antiokheia’yı başkent olarak belirlemeleri ve hızla kendi kültürleri olan Yunan etkilerinin yansıtıldığı görkemli bir krali merkez kurma çabalarının, bu kentte var olan yerli unsurlara ait sağlam kültürel birikime etkisinin ve özellikle yerel kültürü var eden unsurlara ait sosyal yaşamı etkileyen izlerin analizi amaçlanmıştır.
Design of Internet Controlled Switch Box using IoT
Authors: Karthi A. , Sabaresh G. 
Published: November 2018

IoT (Internet of things) is a developing technique that is more useful to control or monitor the appliances via internet. Existing appliances can be connected to WIFI network and to internet with the help of ESP8266 microcontroller.Â Â A web socket is implemented in ESP8266 and it can be accessed through mobile Android application. Home appliances connected in smart switch box, people can control appliances anytime anywhere. This paper gives overview of Internet Controlled Switch Box.
Prediksi Besaran Curah Hujan Menggunakan Metode Fuzzy Time Series
Authors: Desmonda Diera , Tursina Tursina , Irwansyah Muhammad Azhar 
Published: November 2018

Iklim tropis yang memiliki dua musim, yakni musim penghujan dan musim kemarau yang seharusnya berputar setiap enam bulan sekali. Namun beberapa tahun terakhir ini, perubahan iklim global terasa ditandai dengan tidak menentunya perputaran musim kemarau maupun musim penghujan. Untuk mengetahui perubahan pola curah hujan tersebut, maka dirancanglah prediksi besaran curah hujan untuk melihat dan menganalisa pola hujan yang akan terbentuk ke depannya. Aplikasi prediksi besaran curah hujan yang akan dibangun menggunakan forecasting atau peramalan dengan metode Fuzzy Time Series. Logika fuzzy digunakan karena dapat memetakan suatu input ke dalam suatu output dan memiliki toleransi terhadap data-data yang tersedia. Adapun hasil dari penelitian yang dilakukan adalah mengimplementasikan metode Fuzzy Time Series untuk membangun aplikasi yang dapat mengolah dan menghitung pola data curah hujan serta memprediksi besaran curah hujan. Hasil dari pengujian diperoleh nilai MAPE (Mean Average Percentage Error) bervariasi tergantung jumlah data dan jumlah interval yang digunakan. Nilai MAPE terbaik yang diperoleh adalah 0,151% pada penggunaan data curah hujan periode 2015 – 2017 dengan jumlah interval 401. Perhitungan menggunakan metode Fuzzy Time Series sangat dipengaruhi oleh jumlah data yang digunakan dan jumlah interval dalam membagi data tersebut.
Oferta y demanda de cuidado de infantes en Asunción, Paraguay. Periodo 2011-2016
Authors: Achinelli Báez Marcela , González Burgos Paola , Montalto Gaona Belém 
Published: November 2018

El artículo oferta y demanda de cuidado de infantes en Asunción, Paraguay pretende plantear un problema invisibilizado sobre el servicio de cuidado, quienes cuidan y quienes necesitan cuidado. El empoderamiento económico de las mujeres es uno de los grandes desafíos, lo cual pone en debate el cuidado y el trabajo, foco de las desigualdades de género, y principal barrera de entrada para la inserción de la mujer en el mercado laboral formal. La metodología fue de tipo bibliográfica-documental y de campo, analizando datos a nivel país, central y capital de la Dirección General de Estadística, Encuestas y Censos del periodo 2011-2016. Para el trabajo de campo se realizaron encuestas tanto a proveedoras como demandantes del servicio de cuidado, a través de plataformas online y visitas a centro de formación, siendo el levantamiento de datos por muestreo convencional. Paraguay inserta el cuidado a partir de la Constitución Nacional, el Código Laboral y la Ley del Trabajo Doméstico. Sin embargo, de acuerdo al análisis realizado, las mujeres fueron quienes cargaron con mayor tiempo de cuidado y son quienes se encuentran en inactividad laboral en un 66,7%. La profesionalización del trabajo de cuidado es una alternativa para la articulación de la oferta y demanda, siendo varias las instituciones destinadas a brindar promoción profesional. El trabajo de cuidar a otras personas, visibilizado como profesión, empoderaría a quienes lo realizan; y quienes necesiten de los servicios podrían recibirlos sin mayores dificultades, atendiendo que los espacios de cotidianeidad deben ser espacios de políticas públicas.