bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Prognostic indicators and outcome in dogs undergoing temporary tarsorrhaphy following traumatic proptosis
Authors: Pe'er Oren , Oron Liron , Ofri Ron 
Published: October 2019

AbstractPurposeRetrospectively evaluate prognostic indicators and outcome in dogs undergoing temporary tarsorrhaphy following traumatic proptosis.MethodsMedical records (2004‐2017) were reviewed for signalment, cause and duration of proptosis, and clinical findings on admission. The operating faculty member, post‐operative medications, and ophthalmic findings at last recheck were recorded. Owners of dogs with blinded eyes were surveyed regarding final outcome and satisfaction. Data were analyzed using Fisher's exact, Likelihood ratio, and Mann‐Whitney tests.ResultsAt last recheck, 17.5 ± 7.3 (mean ± SD) days post‐operatively, vision was present in 12/43 eyes (28%). Vision at last recheck was not correlated with breed, cause or duration of proptosis, or post‐operative medications (P > .05), but was correlated with presence of direct and indirect pupillary light reflexes (PLRs) on admission (P = .001 and .02, respectively), and with assessment and surgery performed by veterinary ophthalmologists rather than surgery or emergency personnel (P = .015). Mean satisfaction scores (graded 0‐10) of 22 owners contacted 59.6 ± 48.2 months after last recheck were 7.8 ± 2.6 (n = 6), 5.7 ± 4.9 (n = 3), and 8.8 ± 1.3 (n = 13) for dogs with phthisical eyes, eyes requiring long‐term medications, and blind but otherwise normal eyes, respectively (P = .284).ConclusionsContrary to previous studies, breed, and cause and duration of proptosis, did not significantly affect outcome. Testing of direct and indirect PLR is a simple and significant prognostic indicator. Patients assessed and operated by a veterinary ophthalmologist have better prognosis.
Mediastinal lymphoma in dogs is homogeneous compared to thymic epithelial neoplasia and is more likely to envelop the cranial vena cava in CT images
Authors: Reeve Elizabeth J. , Mapletoft Emma K. , Schiborra Frederike , Maddox Thomas W. , Lamb Christopher R. , Warren‐Smith Chris M.R. 
Published: October 2019

AbstractIn order to identify CT signs that could be used to distinguish cranial mediastinal lymphoma and thymic epithelial neoplasia, a retrospective case‐control study was done. Associations between CT signs and diagnosis were tested using binary logistic regression and results expressed as odds ratio and 95% confidence interval. Sixty‐two dogs that had thoracic CT and confirmed diagnosis of lymphoma (n = 33) or thymic neoplasia (n = 29) were sampled. Thymic neoplasms included 24 thymomas and five thymic carcinomas. Dogs with thymic epithelial neoplasia were significantly older than dogs with lymphoma (median age 8.6 years versus 6.0 years, P = .007), but there were no significant differences in prevalence of clinical signs. Diagnosis of thymic epithelial neoplasia was associated with heterogeneous attenuation in pre‐ (odds ratio 23.3, 95% confidence interval, 4.5‐121.1) and post‐contrast (odds ratio 30.7, 95% confidence interval, 3.6‐265.0) images. Conversely, envelopment of the cranial vena cava by the mass was less likely with thymic epithelial neoplasia than lymphoma (odds ratio 0.07, 95% confidence interval, 0.007‐0.66). Greater standard deviation of Hounsfield unit values in post‐contrast images was associated with thymic epithelial neoplasia (P = .005). Based on ROC analysis, SD > 17HU of the mass in post‐contrast images had a sensitivity of 72% and specificity of 79% for thymic epithelial neoplasia. There were no significant differences in morphology, prevalence of calcification, mediastinal lymphadenopathy, cranial vena cava invasion, collateral vessels, or pleural fluid associated with these tumors. Thymic epithelial neoplasms tended to occur in older dogs and were heterogeneous in CT images, whereas mediastinal lymphoma was more homogeneous and more likely to envelop the cranial vena cava.
Norwich terriers possess a greater vertebral heart scale than the canine reference value
Authors: Taylor Colin J. , Simon Bradley T. , Stanley Bryden J. , Lai Grace P. , Thieman Mankin Kelley M. 
Published: October 2019

AbstractPrevious studies have demonstrated evidence that normal reference ranges for radiographic vertebral heart scale values can vary among dog breeds. The purpose of this retrospective, observational study was to determine whether the normal vertebral heart scale values published by Buchanan and Bücheler for lateral radiographs are applicable to the Norwich terrier. Secondary objectives were to determine if clinical signs of respiratory disease, age, sex, weight, body condition score, recumbency, or thoracic depth‐to‐width ratio had any influence on vertebral heart scale measurements in this breed. The electronic medical record systems of two universities were reviewed and Norwich terriers were included in the study if they had orthogonal thoracic radiographs performed and no historical or radiographic evidence of cardiopulmonary disease. A vertebral heart scale was calculated for each patient. Sixty‐one client‐owned, Norwich terrier dogs with no clinical signs of cardiovascular disease were evaluated. The vertebral heart scale for Norwich terriers without evidence of cardiac disease (10.6 ± 0.6) was found to be significantly greater than the canine reference value of 9.7 ± 0.5 initially established by Buchanan and Bücheler. No significant correlation was found between clinical signs of respiratory disease, sex, age, thoracic depth‐to‐width ratio or lateral recumbency, and vertebral heart scale. Norwich terriers with a body condition score ≥6 had a significantly higher vertebral heart scale than those with a body condition score ≤5. Breed‐specific ranges and body condition scores need to be considered when interpreting vertebral heart scale values for Norwich terriers.
Long‐term survival of full‐thickness corneal xenografts from α1,3‐galactosyltransferase gene‐knockout miniature pigs in non‐human primates
Authors: Yoon Chang Ho , Choi Se Hyun , Choi Hyuk Jin , Lee Hyun Ju , Kang Hee Jung , Kim Jong Min , Park Chung‐Gyu , Choi Kimyung , Kim Hyunil , Ahn Curie , Kim Mee Kum 
Published: October 2019

AbstractBackgroundWe aimed to investigate (a) the long‐term survival of corneal grafts from α1,3‐galactosyltransferase gene‐knockout miniature (GTKOm) pigs in non‐human primates as a primary outcome and (b) the effect of anti‐CD20 antibody on the survival of corneal grafts from GTKOm pigs as a secondary outcome.MethodsNine rhesus macaques undergoing full‐thickness corneal xenotransplantation using GTKOm pigs were systemically administered steroid, basiliximab, intravenous immunoglobulin, and tacrolimus with (CD20 group) or without (control group) anti‐CD20 antibody.ResultsGraft survival was significantly longer (P = .008) in the CD20 group (>375, >187, >187, >83 days) than control group (165, 91, 72, 55, 37 days). When we compared the graft survival time between older (>7‐ month‐old) and younger (≤7‐month‐old) aged donor recipients, there was no significant difference. Activated B cells were lower in the CD20 group than control group (P = .026). Aqueous humor complement C3a was increased in the control group at last examination (P = .043) and was higher than that in the CD20 group (P = .014). Anti‐αGal IgG/M levels were unchanged in both groups. At last examination, anti‐non‐Gal IgG was increased in the control group alone (P = .013).ConclusionsThe GTKOm pig corneal graft achieved long‐term survival when combined with anti‐CD20 antibody treatment. Inhibition of activated B cells and complement is imperative even when using GTKO pig corneas.
La doble escena: usos filosóficos del teatro y distinciones teatrales en la filosofía francesa contemporánea
Authors: Alvarado Castillo Nicolás 
Published: October 2019

El propósito de este artículo es mostrar cómo ciertos usos de términos del teatro para describir procedimientos o conceptos filosóficos revelan dos tipos diferentes de relaciones entre el discurso filosófico y las prácticas artísticas: por un lado, el uso consciente, y por lo general metafórico, que hacen algunos filósofos del vocabulario de las prácticas escénicas para describir sus propias operaciones; por el otro, la manera en que las determinaciones técnicas e históricas de esas prácticas, incluso sin ser movilizadas por los autores con ese propósito explícito, permiten interpretar de forma distinta una construcción conceptual. Para cumplir ese objetivo se analizarán algunos momentos significativos de la filosofía francesa contemporánea –en donde abundan expresiones como escena o dramaturgia– y de la genealogía de ese interés filosófico, así como ciertas descripciones de las prácticas y de la teoría del teatro clásico francés.
Elasto-Plastic Indentation of Auxetic and Metal Foams
Authors: Kumar N. , Khaderi S. N. , Tirumala Rao K. 
Published: October 2019

AbstractThe elasto-plastic indentation of auxetic and metal foams is investigated using the finite element method. The contributions of yield strain, elastic, and plastic Poisson’s ratio on the indentation hardness are identified. For a given yield strain, when the plastic Poisson’s ratio is reduced from 0.5, the indentation hardness decreases first and then increases. This trend was found to be valid for a wide of yield strains. For yield strains less than 0.08, the hardness of auxetic materials is much larger when compared with materials having positive plastic Poisson’s ratio. As the plastic Poisson’s ratio approaches −1, the elastic deformations dominate over the plastic deformations. The plastic dissipation, when compared with the elastic work, is lower for materials with negative Poisson’s ratio. There is no effect of elastic Poisson’s ratio on the indentation hardness when the plastic Poisson’s ratio is more than −0.8. When the plastic Poisson’s ratio is less than −0.8, the hardness increases with a decrease of elastic Poisson’s ratio. The plastic dissipation per unit strain energy is maximum for materials with vanishing plastic Poisson’s ratio.
Assessment of Power Plant Components With Flaws and Defects Operating in the Long-Term Creep Range
Authors: Speicher Magdalena , Bender Thorben , Klenk Andreas , Mueller Falk , Kontermann Christian , Ewald Juergen 
Published: October 2019

Abstract
Originating from defects and flaws in high temperature components crack initiation and crack propagation under service conditions can occur. Fracture mechanics data and procedures are needed to study crack problems and to support an advanced remnant life evaluation. During subsequent research in the past 35 years, data were determined for different high temperature materials. Methodologies and concepts taking into account the specific material behavior were developed in order to be able to describe crack initiation and crack growth and have appropriate assessment methods available. For creep crack initiation, two criteria principles were used and for creep crack growth assessment based on the integral C* parameter were applied. Furthermore, a method for determination of critical crack length was developed allowing decisions whether modified stress analysis methods are sufficient or more complicated fracture mechanics methods are needed. To provide data and methodologies in a user-friendly way, a program system combining data and methods was implemented. The paper describes developed features and shows comparisons to other methods. The methods can be applied for design purposes as well as remnant life assessments.
A Numerical Analysis of the Effect of Atmospheric Pressure on the Performance of a Heating System With a Self-Recuperative Burner
Authors: López Yefferson , García Alex M. , Amell Andrés A. 
Published: October 2019

Abstract
This work evaluated the performance of a combustion chamber operating with a self-recuperative burner at various atmospheric pressures by means of computational fluid dynamics (CFD) simulation. The aim was to determine the effect of atmospheric pressure on the main variables of the combustion system through mathematical correlations and numerical simulations. Parameters such as heat transfer from flue gases to the load, fluid dynamic inside the combustion chamber volume, exhaust gas composition, and burner effectiveness were monitored to analyze the performance of the reheating furnace and the self-recuperative burner. Three atmospheric pressure conditions were examined corresponding to different meters above sea level (masl) altitudes: 1 atm (0 masl), 0.85 atm (1550 masl), and 0.74 atm (2600 masl). The simulations used an axisymmetric 2D geometry of the system in steady state, where the heat exchanger of the self-recuperative burner was considered. It was found that the Eddy dissipation concept (EDC) model, associated with a reduced mechanism, presented good results for temperature and species concentration with low computational time. Two cases were compared: one maintained the fuel, combustion air, and ejection air mass flows constant at sea-level operation values with changing atmospheric pressures, referred to as the corrected case, while the other, not-corrected case, allowed the mass flows to vary as a result of changes in auxiliary performance with the atmospheric pressure. The CFD results indicated that atmospheric pressure did not have a significant effect on the performance of the combustion and heating systems when the mass flows were corrected for the effects of atmospheric pressure. However, when these mass flows were not corrected, the average temperature of the process decreased, while the concentration of CO and CO2 in the exhaust gases increased and the heat transfer on the load by radiation decreased. Finally, the performance of the self-recuperative burner remained constant with atmospheric pressure if the mass flows were corrected and increased when the mass flows were not corrected.
Investigation of Fluid-Elastic Instability in Tube Arrays at Low Mass Damping Parameters in Cross-Flow
Authors: Guo Kai , Xu Wei , Jia Zhanbin , Tan Wei 
Published: October 2019

Abstract
Fluid-elastic instability (FEI) is the most dangerous vibration mechanism in tube arrays. As the research shows in the recent years, the mechanism of FEI turns to be clear, but threshold prediction in low mass damping parameter (MDP) tube arrays is still not accurate because of the complexity of the instability mechanism. In this work, computational fluid dynamics (CFD) simulation is first validated by comparison with the water tunnel experiments in four kinds of tube arrangements and then extended to two-phase flow to get more data in low MDP range. Using fluid force coefficients calculated by CFD simulation, unsteady modeling of the tube model is established and the critical velocities match well with experiment and CFD simulation results. The effect of tube arrangement and Reynolds number on the fluid force coefficients and the predicted critical velocity is studied according to the unsteady flow theory. The results show that instability critical velocity of the normal triangular array can be underestimated at MDP lower than 1. When the frequency ratio (streamwise direction to transverse direction) decreases to below 0.8 in the rotated triangular array, the streamwise instability occurs earlier than transverse instability. The methods and conclusions in this paper can be used in FEI analysis in both streamwise direction and transverse direction.
Bifurcation Analysis and Chaotic Behaviors of a Spur Microsegment Gear Pair With Time-Varying Pressure Angle
Authors: Huang Kang , Sang Meng , Xiong Yangshou , Xu Fengwei 
Published: October 2019

Abstract
The study performs a dynamic analysis of a microsegment gear system with respect to the time-varying stiffness, gear backlash, time-varying pressure angle, and comprehensive error. The period expansion method is proposed to construct a single-degree-of-freedom nonlinear dynamic model of a spur microsegment gear pair. To improve the accuracy of simulation results, the time-varying mesh stiffness and the time-varying pressure angle are expressed in terms of piecewise Fourier functions, respectively. The effect of mesh frequency, backlash, mesh damping, and input power on bifurcation, and chaos properties of the system are analyzed. The numerical results indicate that the system performs a chaotic motion after several frequency jumps as the mesh frequency increases. When the backlash increases, the frequency region of double-side impact and chaos tends to be decreased. The effect of mesh damping and input power on bifurcation characteristics is also investigated. The increase in mesh damping and input power can stabilize the system and avoid double-side impact. The results potentially present a useful source of reference for technicians and engineers for the dynamic design and vibration control of the aforementioned system with a nonconstant pressure angle.
A New Regression-Based Approach to Estimate the Shape Parameter of MQ-RBFs in a Free Convection Problem
Authors: Pekmen Geridönmez Bengisen 
Published: October 2019

Abstract
In this study, a novel procedure is proposed to determine the shape parameter of multiquadric (MQ) radial basis function (RBF) utilizing multivariate adaptive regression splines (Mars) in a free convection problem. Input data (truth data) of Mars is prepared by applying MQ-RBF pseudospectral (PS) method to a free convection problem in a cavity with differentially heated vertical walls. Shape parameter determination in this step is also proposed. The input data obtained by the numerical method and by the proposed way to determine shape parameter is used in the package earth of R project, and a model function is built to estimate the shape parameter. Then, instead of using the proposed search inside the numerical method, the model function determines the shape parameter at any truth data. Results are also compared with a benchmark study, and good agreement is observed in the same free convection problem. The model function built is also tested against the results of the original method.
Shape and Performance Controlled Advanced Design for Additive Manufacturing: A Review of Slicing and Path Planning
Authors: Zhao Donghua , Guo Weizhong 
Published: October 2019

AbstractAdditive manufacturing (AM) brings out a revolution of how the products are designed and manufactured. To obtain desired components, advanced design for additive manufacturing (ADfAM) is widely emphasized in geometry, material, and function design. 3D slicing and path planning, which are the critical steps of ADfAM, directly determine manufacturing process variables, shape, and performance of printed parts. For widely used planar slicing, the contradiction between accuracy and build time has attracted considerable attention and efforts, leading to various novel and optimization methods. Nevertheless, curved surfaces and slopes along the build direction constrain the surfaces to be smooth due to the inherent staircase effect of AM. Meanwhile, there is significant anisotropy of the printed piece making it sensitive to any shear (or bending) stress. Moreover, support structures for the overhang part are necessary when building along one direction, resulting in time-consuming and cost-expensive process. Due to the rapid development of 3D slicing and path planning, and various newly proposed methods, there is a lack of comprehensive knowledge. Notwithstanding, there are fewer literature reviews concerning planar slicing and filling strategy. Less attention has been paid to non-planar slicing, path planning on curved surfaces, and multi-degree of freedom (DOF) AM equipment, as well as printing under pressure. Hence, it is significant to get a comprehensive understanding of current status and challenges. Then, with suitable technologies, the printed parts with improved surface quality, minimum support structures, and better isotropy could be acquired. Finally, the recommendation for the future development of slicing and path planning is also provided.
Spatial patterns of erosion and landscape evolution in a bivergent metamorphic core complex revealed by cosmogenic 10Be: The central Menderes Massif (western Turkey)
Authors: Heineke Caroline , Hetzel Ralf , Nilius Nils-Peter , Glotzbach Christoph , Akal Cüneyt , Christl Marcus , Hampel Andrea 
Published: October 2019

AbstractIn extensional provinces with low-angle normal faulting (such as the Aegean region), both tectonic processes and erosion induce landscape change, but their interaction during the evolution of topography and relief accompanying continental extension has rarely been addressed. Here we present local and catchment-wide 10Be erosion rates that document the spatial pattern of erosion in the central Menderes Massif, a metamorphic core complex consisting of two asymmetric mountain ranges (Bozdağ and Aydın) bound by detachment faults and active grabens. Catchment-wide erosion rates on the northern flank of the Bozdağ Range are rather low (40–110 mm/k.y.) but reach values of >300 mm/k.y. on the steep southern escarpment—a pattern that reflects both topography and bedrock lithology. In the Aydın Range, erosion rates are generally higher, with mean erosion rates of ∼190 and ∼260 mm/k.y. on the northern and southern flank, respectively, and more variable along strike. In both ranges, erosion rates of ridge crests derived from amalgamated clasts are 30–90 mm/k.y. The difference between local and catchment-wide erosion rates indicates that topographic relief increases in most parts of the massif in response to ongoing fault-related uplift and concomitant river incision. Our findings document that tectonic processes exert a significant control on landscape evolution during active continental extension and are reflected in both the topographic signature and the spatial pattern of erosion. In the Menderes Massif, rock susceptibility to weathering and erosion is a dominant factor that controls the erosional contribution to rock exhumation, which varies spatially between ∼10% and ∼50%.
Encrypted quantum correlations: delayed choice of quantum statistics and other applications
Authors: Gessner Manuel , Smerzi Augusto 
Published: October 2019

Abstract
In a three-particle extension of Wheeler’s delayed choice gedanken experiment, the quantum statistics of two particles is undetermined until a third particle is measured. As a function of the measurement result, the particles behave either as bosons or as fermions. The particles are distinguishable if no measurement is performed at all or when the measurement is performed in a rotated basis. The scheme is based on Greenberger–Horne–Zeilinger quantum correlations. It can be interpreted more generally as the encryption of maximally entangled states in a larger quantum superposition. The local quantum information is scrambled but can be decoded by the measurement result of a control particle. This can be extended to multiple particles and allows to develop quantum information protocols whose successful implementation depends on the collaboration of all parties.