bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Proton pump inhibitor use and risk of dementia
Authors: Li Min , Luo Zheng , Yu Sisi , Tang Zhenyu 
Published: February 2019

Abstract

Background:
Proton pump inhibitors (PPIs) are an established kind of drugs used to the treatment of most acid-related diseases. Some prospective studies have noticed that PPI use was associated with increased dementia risk. However, the results of those studies were inconsistent and controversial. This meta-analysis aims to determine the association of PPI use and risk of dementia among older people.

Methods:
Relevant articles were systematically identified by searching the PubMed, EMBASE, and Cochrane Library databases from inception to February 2018. Cohort studies that reported the risk of dementia or Alzheimer's disease (AD) among PPI users compared with non-PPI users were included. The quality of studies was assessed using the Newcastle-Ottawa Scale (NOS). The publication bias was detected by a funnel plot and Egger test. The meta-analysis will abstract risk estimates including relative risks (RRs), hazard ratios (HRs), and odds ratios (ORs) with a 95% confidence interval (CI) for the associations between PPI use and dementia or Alzheimer's risk. Study-specific results were pooled using a random-effects model.

Results:
Six cohort studies were selected finally. The pooled RRs of dementia and AD were 1.23 (95% CI: 0.90–1.67) and 1.01 (95% CI: 0.78–1.32), respectively, compared with those of non-PPI use. The Egger test and funnel plot showed no existence of publication bias. Overall, there was no statistically significant association between PPI use and risk of dementia or AD (P >.05).

Conclusions:
This meta-analysis suggests that there was no statistical association between PPIs use and increased risk of dementia or AD.
The association between human papillomavirus infection and head and neck cancer
Authors: Tsai Stella Chin-Shaw , Huang Jing-Yang , Lin Chuck , Liaw Yung-Po , Lin Frank Cheau-Feng 
Published: February 2019

Abstract
Human papillomavirus (HPV) has been linked with development of oropharyngeal squamous cell carcinoma, a subset of head and neck cancer (HNC). This study aimed to evaluate the association between HPV infection and subsequent development of HNC and to report epidemiological information in Taiwan.
This population-based cohort study retrieved patient data from the longitudinal health insurance database (LHID) of Taiwan's National Health Insurance Research Database (NHIRD) from 2005 to 2010 and analyzed it retrospectively. The crude incidence rate and incidence rate ratios with 95% confidence intervals of HNC were estimated in patients with and without HPV infection. A time-to-event analysis was conducted and multiple regression analysis was performed to identify factors associated with HNC in HPV-infected patients, including age at baseline, sex, and comorbidities.
This study included the data of 25,520 HPV-infected and 1,061,817 noninfected patients. The HPV-infected group had a significantly higher proportion of females than the noninfected group (55.80% vs 50.66%, respectively; P < .0001). The incidence rate of HNC was 11.49 (males) and 5.83 (females) per 105 person-months versus 11.38 (males) and 3.90 (females) per 105 person-months in the infected and noninfected groups, respectively. HPV was significantly associated with cancer in females (hazard ratio = 1.520, 95% confidence interval 1.166–1.981), but not in males (hazard ratio = 1.000, 95% confidence interval 0.815–1.228). No significant differences were found in age between the HPV-infected and noninfected patients (49.20 ± 14.34 years vs 49.09 ± 13.82 years, respectively); and a slightly higher percentage of HPV-infected patients had a specific comorbidity than did noninfected patients 12.54% versus 9.43%, ischemic heart disease 14.22% versus 10.51%, hypertension 22.40% versus 19.54%, liver disease 22.88% versus 16.17%, and renal disease 7.14% versus 5.39%, respectively.
Results of this study may help clinicians in the diagnosis, prognosis, and treatment of head and neck cancer.
Effects of aging and menopause on pancreatic fat fraction in healthy women population
Authors: Yang Wenjuan , Xie Yi , Song Bin , Xia Chunchao , Tang Chengwei , Li Jing 
Published: February 2019

Abstract
Pancreatic fat fraction has been shown to increase in many pathological situations. However, pancreatic fat fraction and its physiological changes in healthy women are still unclear. The aim of this study is to investigate the effect of aging and menopause on pancreatic fat fraction in healthy female population.
This was a cross-sectional study. A phantom of fat–water mixtures was established. One hundred sixty-seven healthy women (20–70 years) were recruited. Fat fraction was quantified with double-echo chemical shift magnetic resonance imaging with T1 and T2∗ correction. The association between measured and actual fat fractions was determined with Pearson correlation. Linear regression analysis was used to establish the calibration curve. Fat fractions were analyzed via analysis of variance.
A significant positive linear correlation was revealed between the measured and actual fat fractions on the phantom (r
2 = 0.991, P < .001). There was no significant difference in fat fractions among caput, corpus, and cauda of the pancreas. Pancreatic fat fraction remained constant during the age of 20 to 40 years (4.41 ± 0.79%) but significantly increased during the ages of 41 to 50 and 51 to 70 years (7.49 ± 1.10% and 9.43 ± 1.51%, respectively, P < .001). Moreover, pancreatic fat fractions of the healthy women aged 41 to 70 years were still significantly higher than these in the groups aged 20 to 40 years when postmenopausal healthy women were removed (P < .001). For volunteers aged 46 to 49 years, pancreatic fat fraction of the postmenopausal women was significantly increased compared with that of their premenopausal counterparts (P < .001).
We found that an even distribution of pancreatic fat in healthy women, aging and menopause as 2 independent risk factors for pancreatic steatosis, a fatty infiltration in the pancreas beginning in the fifth decade in women.
Head trauma complicated with primary cranial vault lymphoma
Authors: Huang Jie , Tang Dong , Xu Yan , Wang Xuna , Yu Chuanwen , Dong Yang 
Published: February 2019

Abstract

Rationale:
Primary cranial vault lymphoma (PCVL) is an extremely rare extranodal lymphoma in the skull. This case study investigates the clinical features, so as to improve the understanding of the diagnosis and therapy.

Patient concerns:
A 31-year-old male presented painful scalp mass at the site of 1-month-old head trauma.

Diagnosis:
The final diagnosis was plasma cell lymphoma, which is a rare subtype of diffuse large B-cell lymphoma based on biopsy and immunohistochemistry findings.

Interventions:
The patient received total tumor resection in combination with chemotherapy

Outcomes:
The patient survived without signs of systemic dissemination for 12 months after surgery at the time of last follow-up.

Lessons:
Trauma may be one of the factors that induce PCVL. The final diagnosis of PCVL depends on pathology and immunohistochemistry findings. A combined treatment of surgery, chemotherapy, and radiotherapy can achieve favorable outcomes.
Aggravation of atrial arrhythmia by amiodarone during the perinatal period
Authors: Ye Fanhao , Jiang Wenbing , Wang Yi , Lin Wei , Chen Hao , Pan Binglin 
Published: February 2019

Abstract

Rationale:
Amiodarone, a broad-spectrum antiarrhythmic drug, is widely used for the clinical treatment of tachyarrhythmias because of its safety and efficacy.

Patient concerns:
A 30-year-old woman presented with known paroxysmal atrial tachycardia and severe preeclampsia. Two days before admission, she had given birth to twins. She described her symptoms as a sudden palpitation at 10:20 accompanied by chest tightness and shortness of breath. Diagnosis: Cardiac arrhythmia and acute left heart failure.

Interventions:
Furosemide and sodium nitroprusside were administered to control the heart failure. At 16:20, 150 mg amiodarone (15 mg/min) was injected intravenously and continued at 1 mg/min. At 16:50, her electrocardiogram showed possible atrial tachycardia or atrial flutter with a ventricular rate of 206 beats/min. Administration of amiodarone was stopped at 17:23, and the medication was changed to esmolol.

Outcomes:
After 3 minutes, the palpitations stopped, the heart rate changed to a sinus rhythm, and the ventricular rate was 100 beats/min. Four days later, the patient underwent an electrophysiologic study and radiofrequency ablation.

Lessons:
When amiodarone is used to treat atrial arrhythmia, the ventricular rate may accelerate, which can cause patients with borderline heart failure to develop acute heart failure or further deterioration of acute heart failure. For heart failure induced or mediated by atrial arrhythmias, short-term β-blockers may be used to control the ventricular rate more quickly and effectively and to prevent the progression of heart failure.
The correlation between oxidative stress level and intra-abdominal fat in obese males
Authors: Jia Xiao-Jiao , Liu Lan-Xiang , Tian Yi-Ming , Wang Rui , Lu Qiang 
Published: February 2019

Abstract
This study aims to investigate the correlation between oxidative stress and intra-abdominal fat (IAF) in obese young and middle-aged males.
The present study included 136 male examinees in the Examination Center of the First Hospital of Qinhuangdao from October 10, 2015 to December 10, 2015. Then, clinical data, oxidative stress indices (8-iso-prostaglandin F2α [8-iso-PGF2α], malondialdehyde [MDA], and superoxide dismutase [SOD]), and IAF area were recorded. All subjects were assigned into 3 groups according to body mass index (BMI): obese group (BMI ≥ 28 kg/m2, 43 subjects), overweight group (24 ≤ BMI < 28 kg/m2, 46 subjects), and control group (BMI < 24 kg/m2, 47 subjects). Then, statistical analysis was performed.
There were significant differences in IAF area, leptin, adiponectin, 8-iso-PGF2α, MDA, SOD, fasting insulin (FINS), fasting blood glucose (FBG), and homeostasis model assessment-insulin resistance (HOMA-IR) among these 3 groups (P < .05). Male subjects in the obese group had higher leptin, 8-iso-PGF2α, MDA, FINS, and HOMA-IR levels, compared to subjects in the overweight and control groups. Furthermore, subjects in the overweight group had a larger IAF area and higher 8-iso-PGF2α, MDA, and FBG levels, when compared to controls. In addition, SOD was significantly lower in the obese and overweight groups than in the control group. However, there were no statistical differences in age, systolic and diastolic blood pressure, lipids, and islet β-cell secretion function (homeostasis model assessment-β) among these 3 groups (P ≥ .05). Moreover, the IAF area was positively correlated to 8-iso-PGF2α and MDA, and negatively correlated to SOD.
Oxidative stress is significantly associated with the IAF area in obese males, and abdominal obesity could increase oxidative stress level and insulin resistance.
A case report and review of literature of Dieulafoy's disease of bronchus
Authors: Zhou Pengcheng , Yu Wei , Chen Kelin , Li Xuelian , Xia Qianming 
Published: February 2019

Abstract

Rationale:
Dieulafoy's lesions are characterized by the presence of a dysplastic artery in the submucosa, most frequently associated with gastrointestinal hemorrhage. They are rarely identified in the bronchial submucosa and can cause massive or fatal hemoptysis

Patient concerns:
The patient was a 62-year-old male farmer with intermittent hemoptysis of approximately 2 years duration and a definite diagnosis could not be established.

Diagnosis:
A thorax-computed tomography at our hospital revealed that the bronchus of left lower lobe was narrowed with associated local atelectasis, and lung cancer was suspected. A bronchoscopy showed a slit-like stenosis of the left lower lobe, swollen and smooth mucosa, and a significantly wider subsection carina.

Interventions:
A fatal hemorrhage occurred during biopsy and, rescue and resuscitation measures were immediately taken. A double-lumen endotracheal intubation was implanted and single-lung ventilation was started to maintain oxygenation. Hemoptysis completely stopped after bronchial artery embolization.

Outcomes:
The patient eventually died of disseminative intravascular coagulation and multiple organ failure. Bronchial arteriography and subsequent autopsy confirmed Dieulafoy's disease of the bronchus.

Lessons:
In cases with recurrent unexplained hemoptysis, where CT chest or thoracic radiography show no abnormalities, pulmonologist should suspect a bronchial Dieulafoy's disease and avoid blindly performing bronchoscopy guided biopsy, which may result in fatal hemoptysis.
A systematic review and network meta-analysis protocol of adjuvant chemotherapy regimens for resected gastric cancer
Authors: Ge Long , Hou Liangying , Yang Qingxia , Wu Yiting , Shi Xiue , Li Jiang , Yang Kehu 
Published: February 2019

Abstract

Background:
Gastric cancer is the third leading cause of cancer death in the world. The benefit of adjuvant chemotherapy has been demonstrated by published individual patient data meta-analysis and Cochrane systematic review. However, there is no consensus on which is the optimal adjuvant chemotherapy regimens. Present network meta-analysis aims to compare the differences of effect between all available adjuvant chemotherapy regimens in improving overall survival and disease-free survival, and to rate the certainty of evidence from present network meta-analysis.

Methods:
We will conduct this systematic review and network meta-analysis using Bayesian method and according to Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic review and Meta-Analysis Protocols (PRISMA-P) statement. We will search PubMed, EMBASE.com, the Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials (CENTRAL), Chinese National Knowledge Infrastructure (CNKI), and Chinese Biological Medical Database (CBM), and ClinicalTrials.gov (http://clinicaltrials.gov/) to identify randomized controlled trials (RCTs) comparing adjuvant chemotherapy to surgery alone. We will assess the risk of bias of individual RCTs using a modified version of Cochrane tool. We will also use the advance of GRADE to rate the certainty of network meta-analysis. Data analysis will be performed with R-3.4.1 and WinBUGS software.

Results:
The results of this study will be published in a peer-reviewed journal.

Discussion:
To the best of our knowledge, this systematic review and network meta-analysis will firstly use both direct and indirect evidence to compare the differences of all available adjuvant chemotherapy regimens for resected gastric cancer patients. This is a protocol of systematic review and meta-analysis, so the ethical approval and patient consent are not required.
The disparities of healthcare access for adults with autism spectrum disorder
Authors: Calleja Shenae , Islam Fakir M. Amirul , Kingsley Jonathan , McDonald Rachael 
Published: February 2019

AbstractIntroduction:Adults living with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) can experience many factors that may impact their everyday lives. Striving for optimal health and enduring a healthy lifestyle comes with the ability to access appropriate healthcare services, yet adults with ASD have unmet healthcare needs. The barriers and enablers of healthcare access for adults with ASD remain unclear. We will conduct a systematic review to explore what is currently known about healthcare access for adults with ASD, this will determine the level and appropriateness of access to healthcare services to better support the lives of adults with ASD.Method and analysis:The systematic review will report on all studies that include quantitative, qualitative, and mixed-methods designs that consider healthcare access for adults with ASD. We will search 5 databases: EBSCOhost, Scopus, PubMed, the Cochrane Library, and Web of Science. The Mixed Methods Appraisal Tool (MMAT) will be used to assess quality of articles and the Cochrane RoB 2.0 Tool will be used to assess for bias. Clarifying the evidence in this area will be important for future research directions when developing and piloting health interventions for researchers and healthcare clinicians in the field.Ethics and dissemination:There are no human participants, data, or tissue being directly studied for the purposes of the review; therefore, ethics approval and consent to participate is not applicable.Registration and Status:PROSPERO 2018 CRD42018116093.
Impact of a home health care program for disabled patients in Taiwan
Authors: Lee Yi-Hsuan , Lu Chia-Wen , Huang Chi-Ting , Chang Hao-Hsiang , Yang Kuen-Cheh , Kuo Chia-Sheng , Chang Yu-Kang , Hsu Chih-Cheng , Huang Kuo-Chin 
Published: February 2019

Abstract
The aim of this study was to evaluate the impact of home health care (HHC) for disabled patients.
We conducted a nationwide population-based retrospective cohort study. A total of 5838 disabled patients with HHC were identified to match by propensity score with 15,829 disabled patients without HHC receiving tube or catheter care (tracheostomy tube, nasogastric tube, urinary catheter, cystostomy tube, nephrostomy tube) or stage 3 or 4 pressure sore care from the Taiwanese National Health Insurance Research Database between 2005 and 2009. After 1:1 matching, 2901 subjects in the HHC group and 2901 subjects in the non-HHC group were selected and analyzed. Generalized estimating equations (GEEs) were used to compare the risk of health outcomes (rate of hospitalization and emergency services use) and the healthcare expenditure between the 2 groups.
Compared to those in the non-HHC group, the patients in the HHC group had significantly higher risk for hospitalization (odds ratio [OR] = 18.43, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 15.62–21.75, P < .001) and emergency services use (OR = 3.72, 95% CI: 3.32–4.17, P < .001) 1 year before the index date. However, 1 year after the index date, the risk for hospitalization (OR = 1.6, 95% CI: 1.41–1.83, P < .001) and emergency services use (OR = 1.16, 95% CI: 1.04–1.30, P < .05) attenuated significantly. Regarding the comparison of total healthcare expenditure 1 year before and after the index date, our study showed an insignificant decrease of US$1.5 per person per day and a significant increase of US$5.2 per person per day (P < .001) in the HHC and non-HHC groups, respectively.
The HHC for disabled patients has a potential role to reduce hospitalization and emergency services use. Besides, the improvement of healthcare quality through HHC was not accompanied by increased healthcare expenditure. The clinical impact of HHC emphasizes the importance for public health officials to promote HHC model to meet the needs of disabled patients.
Clinical efficacy and safety of thread-embedding acupuncture for treatment of the sequelae of Bell's palsy
Authors: Goo Bonhyuk , Jeong Seong-Mok , Kim Jong-Uk , Park Yeon-Cheol , Seo Byung-Kwan , Baek Yong-Hyeon , Yook Tae-Han , Nam Sang-Soo 
Published: February 2019

Abstract

Background:
The sequelae of Bell's palsy cause critical problem in facial appearance, as well as social and psychological problems in the patient's life. The aim of the present study is to establish clinical evidence of thread-embedding acupuncture (TEA) in the treatment of sequelae of Bell's palsy.

Method/Design:
This is a patient-assessor blinded, randomized, sham-controlled trial with two parallel arms. Fifty-six patients aged 19–65 years, who have experienced sequelae of Bell's palsy for >3 months, will be recruited and screened using the eligibility criteria. After screening, they will be randomly allocated to a TEA group or a sham TEA (STEA) group. Both groups will receive TEA or STEA treatment on ten predefined acupoints once a week for 8 weeks. Additionally, both groups will receive the same acupuncture treatment twice a week for 8 weeks as a concurrent treatment. Changes in the Facial Disability Index over 8 weeks will be assessed as the primary outcome. Furthermore, the House-Brackmann Grade, Facial Nerve Grading System 2.0, Sunnybrook Facial Grading System, facial stiffness score, lip mobility score, and treatment satisfaction score will be measured and analyzed as secondary outcomes. All outcomes will be assessed at baseline and at 4 and 8 weeks after screening.

Discussion:
The results from this trial will help establish clinical evidence regarding the efficacy and safety of TEA in the treatment of patients with sequelae of Bell's palsy.

Trial registration number:
KCT0002557 (Clinical Research Information Service of the Republic of Korea).
Spontaneous regression of cervical discs
Authors: Turk Okan , Yaldiz Can 
Published: February 2019

Abstract
Cervical disc herniation is a condition which arises from compression of cervical spinal nerve root by the degenerated disc and vast majority of the patients are aged between 30 and 40 years. Spontaneous regression of cervical disc was first reported by Kriegerand Maniker in 1992. Our study is the second large series in literature. Besides, 4 patients are the first who were shown to have resorption in C 4-5.
The records of patients diagnosed with cervical disc herniation who applied to the Spine Polyclinic between 2014 and 2018 were reviewed retrospectively. The files of the patients who were recommended surgery with the diagnosis of cervical disc herniation were examined. Patients who did not accept surgery on their own initiative, but who attended our outpatient clinic for a check-up were included in the study.
Of a total of 14 patients, 28.57% (n = 4) were male and 71.43% (n = 10) were female. Mean age of the patients was 40.79 (range 25–60).
The results of the study indicate that likelihood of spontaneous regression is higher in para-central or foraminal disc compared to central disc hernias. Although there are a limited number of case reports in the literature, conservative treatment seems to be a good option in patients without neurological deficits, with foraminal disc hernias and not requiring emergency surgery.
Efficacy of tolvaptan for chronic heart failure
Authors: Gao Wei-qin , Meng Xiang-dong , Sun Ze 
Published: February 2019

Abstract

Background:
The protocol of this study will be proposed for systematic evaluation of the efficacy and safety of tolvaptan in the treatment of chronic heart failure (CHF).

Methods:
We will retrieve the following electronic databases for randomized controlled trials assessing the efficacy of tolvaptan in patients with CHF: PubMed, Embase, Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials, Web of Science, Scopus, Chinese Biomedical Literature Database, China National Knowledge Infrastructure, VIP Information, and Wanfang Data. Each database will be retrieved from inception to February 1, 2019 without any limitations. The entire process of study selection, data extraction, and methodological quality evaluation will be conducted by 2 independent authors.

Results:
The protocol of this proposed study will compare the efficacy and safety of tolvaptan in the treatment of patients with CHF. The outcomes will include all-cause mortality, change in body weight, urine output, change in serum sodium; and incidence of all adverse events.

Conclusion:
The findings of this proposed study will summarize the current evidence of tolvaptan for CHF.

Ethics and dissemination:
All data used in this systematic review will be collected from the previous published trials. Thus, no research ethics approval is needed for this study. The findings of this study will be published at a peer-reviewed journal.

PROSPERO registration number:
PROSPERO CRD42019120818.