bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
AIM: An Interactive Ashtray to Support Behavior Change through Gamification
Authors: Huang Siyuan , Scurati Giulia Wally , Elzeney Mostafa , Li Yujie , Lin Xiaofeng , Ferrise Francesco , Bordegoni Monica 
Published: July 2019

AbstractLittering is a highly diffused anti-environmental and anti-social behavior, especially among young people. Furthermore, cigarette butts are one of the most littered items and are responsible for both severe environmental damages and high clean up expenses. The aim of this project is to design an interactive ashtray for the campus environment to limit the cigarette butts littering behavior in an engaging and effective way. Qualitative and quantitative data are collected. Coded observations were implemented through the research process, including the 2 pre (without the prototype) and 2 pros (with the prototype) sessions. Also, user experience test and one to one interview were conducted for deepening the understanding of the littering phenomenon and the reasons behind in the behavior among young people. The prototype indeed reduced the number of cigarette butts littering among observed behaviors of 156 students, especially in male sample. Final results indicate the behavior change of disposers is moderated by other factors, as the environmental cleanliness. Future development is also discussed.
Exploring the Influence of the Level of Technology and Expected Functions in Product Semantic
Authors: Kim SoJeong , Yoon JungKyoon , Kim Chajoong 
Published: July 2019

AbstractThis study attempted to explore how pragmatic and hedonic values are influenced by the level of technology and what particular functions have to be considered in the context of smart technology- driven design in terms of Pragmatic Value (PV) and Hedonic Value (HV). An on-line questionnaire survey was developed to answer the research questions. A total of 104 respondents participated in the survey. As target product for the study, analog watch and smart watch were selected as representative of low and high technology respectively. Semantic Differentials on PV and HV were used and expected functions were investigated via an open question. The results indicate that there are some differences between analog and smart watches in terms of PV and HV. Regarding expected functions, significant differences were identified in the study. The findings from the study could provide a better understanding of the relationship between PV and HV in terms of level of technology. If it is considered in product development process, it may contribute to an increase of user satisfaction with smart- technology based product and service.
The Experience of Autonomy with Durable Products
Authors: Ortiz Nicolas Juan Carlos , Schoormans Jan 
Published: July 2019

AbstractA study to understand the experience of autonomy with durable products was undertaken based on qualitative research. The study involved thirteen participants, who selected a durable product that enhanced autonomy. Using in-depth interviews, the map of experience and interaction properties the experience was studied. Our findings indicate that there are three structures involved in the experience of autonomy: orchestration, control and product integration. The three structures are described in detail. It was also identified that the experience of autonomy enhances positive experiences and stimulates wellbeing. Designers can apply the three structures of autonomy to underscore design decisions.
Tackling Reframing: The Development and Evaluation of a Problem Reframing Canvas
Authors: Mensch Sabine Liana , Gonçalves Milene 
Published: July 2019

AbstractThe problems of today are increasingly complex in nature. Yet, most support provided by design agencies and innovation consultancies is based on unstructured approaches, guided by the facilitators own intuition. This article presents the Teckel canvas, an approach to guide problem reframing in facilitation to both tackle solution and problem understanding. After synthesising the main insights from prominent reframing methods and models, a meta-process of reframing was created, which was translated into a practical canvas. Two Dutch case studies are examined in which the proposed reframing canvas is tested. When this canvas was used in facilitation, we found out that the medium and message can be reframed separately or together and that the canvas can be used as a tool for overview on the subject. Our findings indicate that an explicit and tangible use of reframing can improve solving complex problems to be more clear, visual and reflective.
A “Lattice” Approach to Design Education: Bringing Real and Integrated Design Experience to the Classroom through Engineering Design Days
Authors: Hurst Ada , Rennick Chris , Bedi Sanjeev 
Published: July 2019

AbstractWhile design is fundamental to engineering practice, modern training in engineering design has almost exclusively moved to the classroom, providing students little exposure to holistic, real-world design experiences that are well-integrated with the rest of the academic curriculum. In this paper, we perform a short review of how the model of engineering education in Canada has evolved over the last two centuries, identify the current deficiencies in teaching design in engineering curricula, and review how Chairs in Design Engineering at various Canadian engineering schools have tackled this identified need. We then describe in detail how this problem is being addressed at the University of Waterloo through Engineering Design Days. This approach is presented as a design “lattice” around which other curriculum threads (math, natural sciences, engineering science, design etc.) can grow in an integrated way. Different Design Days examples from various engineering programs are described to illustrate the general structure. We conclude by assessing the program's impact and identifying opportunities for future development and assessment of the program's effectiveness.
Iterative Course Design in MOOCs: Evaluating a ProtoMOOC
Authors: von Schmieden Karen , Mayer Lena , Taheri Mana , Meinel Christoph 
Published: July 2019

AbstractThis paper describes an iterative approach to course design in an effort to improve the learner-centered conceptualization of Massive Open Online Courses (MOOCs). The research team built a (design research) MOOC prototype and used three measurement tools to gather user feedback. The authors categorized this feedback and translated it into 57 improvement tasks, which they implemented in the public version of the MOOC. They discuss the protoMOOC iteration approach, underline its applicability, and suggest it as a method for fellow MOOC designers.
When Design Never Ends - A Future Scenario for Product Developement
Authors: Pradel Patrick , Campbell Robert Ian , Bibb Richard 
Published: July 2019

AbstractOne of the foundations of product design is the division between production and design. This division manifests as designers aspiring to create fixed iconic archetypes and production replicates endlessly in thousands or millions. Today innovation and technological change are challenging this idea of product design and manufacturing. The evolution of Rapid Prototyping into Additive Manufacturing (AM), is challenging the notion of mass manufacture and consumer value. As AM advances in capability and capacity, the ability to economically manufacture products in low numbers with high degrees of personalisation poses questions of the accepted product development process. Removing the need for dedicated expensive tooling also eliminates the cyclical timescales and commitment to fixed designs that investment in tooling demands. The ability to alter designs arbitrarily, frequently and responsively means that the traditional design process need not be applied and because of this, design processes and practice might be radically different in the future. In this paper, we explore this possible evolution by drawing parallels with principles and development models found in software development.
Design Interventions for Promoting the Mental Health of Young Academics
Authors: Ma Sanghyun , Ruensuk Mintra , Kim Chajoong 
Published: July 2019

AbstractIt is essential to graduate students to contribute researching in their academic field. Although it leads to the success of academic career path, the students are more at high risk of mental health problems. Thus, this study attempted to reveal underlying causes of the problems, figure out coping techniques and explore design interventions that can improve of graduate students’ mental health quality. We conducted interviews with one health professional expert and twenty-five graduate students. Design Sheet was created to elicit design solution ideas and distributed to ten professional designers. From the research, we have found out that graduate students are suffering from multiple reasons however there are unmet mental health needs among graduate students. By the end of the paper, we propose five design guidelines for designers to make products or services to promote mental health of graduate students.
Transnistrian Nation-Building: A Case of Effective Diversity Policies?
Authors: Osipov Alexander , Vasilevich Hanna 
Published: July 2019

AbstractThis article addresses the reasons why ethnic diversity has never posed a challenge to the stability of Transnistria (also called the Transnistrian Moldovan Republic), an unrecognized state that broke away from Moldova during the collapse of the Soviet Union. We analyze the major societal and political patterns relevant to ethnic relations in the region and focus on the structure, content, and effectiveness of Transnistrian legislation concerning ethnic and linguistic diversity along with the practices of its implementation. In our view, formal and informal ethnic divisions do not hinder the political stability of Transnistria. We conclude that the stability of ethnic relations in Transnistria in part results from a deliberate policy aimed at managing diversity. This policy provides for the dependence of the populace on the state apparatus achieved through a dense plethora of government-orchestrated activities as well as the reproduction of nonconflictual, eclectic, and thus socially acceptable national narratives inherited from the Soviet past.
Effects of maternal protein restriction during pregnancy and lactation on milk composition and offspring development
Authors: Bautista C. J. , Bautista R. J. , Montaño S. , Reyes-Castro L. A. , Rodriguez-Peña O. N. , Ibáñez C. A. , Nathanielsz P.W. , Zambrano E. 
Published: July 2019

AbstractBefore weaning, breast milk is the physiological form of neonatal nutrition, providing pups with all nutrient requirements. Maternal low-protein diet (LPD) during pregnancy and lactation induces adverse changes in key maternal organs, which have negative effects on pup development. We studied the effects of maternal LPD on liver weight, mammary gland (MG) cell differentiation, milk composition and production and pup development throughout lactation. We fed rats with control (C) or LPD (R) during pregnancy and lactation. At 7 d early, 14 d mid and 21 d late lactation stages, maternal biochemical parameters, body, liver and MG weights were analysed. MG cell differentiation was analysed by haematoxylin and eosin staining; milk nutrient composition and production were studied; pup body, liver and brain weights, hippocampal arachidonic acid (AA) and DHA were quantified. Results showed lower body and liver weights, minor MG cell differentiation and lower serum insulin and TAG in R compared with C. R milk contained less protein and higher AA at early and mid stages compared with C. R pup milk and fat intake were lower at all stages. R protein intake at early and mid stages and DHA intake at mid and late stages were lower compared with C. In R pups, lower body, liver and brain weights were associated with decreased hippocampal AA and DHA. We conclude that maternal LPD impairs liver and MG function and induces significant changes in maternal milk composition, pup milk intake and organ development.
Twin births in Jordan: incidence, trends, risk factors and implications for under-five mortality: evidence from the 2012 Jordan Population and Family Health Survey
Authors: Islam M. Mazharul , Marium Uzma 
Published: July 2019

AbstractResearch on twinning in developed countries is well documented, but little is known about twinning in less-developed countries due to a lack of data or data limitations. This study examined the level of, trends in and determinants of twin births and their survival under age five in Jordan, using the 2012 Jordan Population and Family Health Survey (JPFHS) data. The birth history of 11,352 women included in the JPFHS provided information on 9859 live births that occurred within five years of the survey date, and these constituted the study subjects. Descriptive statistics, and bivariate and multivariate multilevel logistic regression models were used for data analysis. About 3.5% of the total live births were twins, which is one of the highest rates in developing countries. The twinning rate showed an increasing trend in Jordan, increasing by 45% from 2.4% in 1990 to 3.5% in 2012. Higher maternal age at child birth, higher parity, poor and richer economic status, contraceptive use status, secondary and above level of education of mothers and non-consanguinity were found to be associated with a higher rate of twin births in Jordan. Twins were observed to have a higher risk of low birth weight, being smaller in physical size at birth and at more than four times higher risk of neonatal death compared with singletons. To reduce the risk adverse outcomes of twin pregnancies and further improve maternal and child health, antenatal, delivery and postnatal care should be tailored towards the special needs of twin pregnancies and twin births in Jordan Twin pregnancies should be detected at the early stage of pregnancy so that perinatal outcomes can be improved by frequent prenatal visits, health education, counselling and proper management of peripartum complications.
Hypertensive disorders of pregnancy and the risk of offspring depression in childhood: Findings from the Avon Longitudinal Study of Parents and Children
Authors: Dachew Berihun Assefa , Scott James G. , Betts Kim , Mamun Abdullah , Alati Rosa 
Published: July 2019

AbstractHypertensive disorders of pregnancy (HDP) may increase the risk of offspring depression in childhood. Low birth weight is also associated with increased risk of mental health problems, including depression. This study sought to investigate (a) whether there is an association between HDP and the risk of depression in childhood and (b) whether low birth weight mediates this association. The current study is based on the Avon Longitudinal Study of Parents and Children (ALSPAC), a prospective, population-based study that has followed a cohort of offspring since their mothers were pregnant (n = 6,739). Depression at the age of 7 years was diagnosed using parent reports via the Development and Well-Being Assessment (DAWBA). Log-binomial regression and mediation analyses were used. Children exposed to HDP were 2.3 times more likely to have a depression diagnosis compared with nonexposed children, adjusted Risk Ratio [RR], 2.31; 95% CI, [1.20, 4.47]. Low birth weight was a weak mediator of this association. Results were adjusted for confounding variables including antenatal depression and anxiety during pregnancy.This study suggests that fetal exposure to maternal hypertensive disorders of pregnancy increased the risk of childhood depression. The study adds to the evidence suggesting that the uterine environment is a critical determinant of neurodevelopmental and psychiatric outcomes.
Radiative Forcing and Stratospheric Warming of Pyrocumulonimbus Smoke Aerosols: First Modeling Results With Multisensor (EPIC, CALIPSO, and CATS) Views from Space
Authors: Christian Kenneth , Wang Jun , Ge Cui , Peterson David , Hyer Edward , Yorks John , McGill Matthew 
Published: July 2019

AbstractSmoke particles can be injected by pyrocumulonimbus (pyroCb) in the upper troposphere and lower stratosphere, but their effects on the radiative budget of the planet remain elusive. Here, by focusing on the record‐setting Pacific Northwest pyroCb event of August 2017, we show with satellite‐based estimates of pyroCb emissions and injection heights in a chemical transport model (GEOS‐Chem) that pyroCb smoke particles can result in radiative forcing of ∼0.02 W/m2 at the top of the atmosphere averaged globally in the 2 months following the event and up to 0.9 K/day heating in the Arctic upper troposphere and lower stratosphere. The modeled aerosol distributions agree with observations from satellites (Earth Polychromatic Imaging Camera [EPIC], Cloud‐Aerosol Transport System [CATS], and Cloud‐Aerosol Lidar with Orthogonal Polarization [CALIOP]), showing the hemispheric transport of pyroCb smoke aerosols with a lifetime of 5 months. Hence, warming by pyroCb aerosols can have similar temporal duration but opposite sign to the well‐documented cooling of volcanic aerosols and be significant for climate prediction.
Ongoing Poleward Migration of Tropical Cyclone Occurrence Over the Western North Pacific Ocean
Authors: Sun Jia , Wang Dingqi , Hu Xiaomin , Ling Zheng , Wang Lu 
Published: July 2019

AbstractThe long‐term change of tropical cyclone (TC) occurrence (TCO) was investigated by combining TC track density function and empirical orthogonal function methods to consider TC duration through a new perspective. Pronounced ongoing poleward migration of TCO was found for 1982–2018. This change has primarily resulted from the modification of TC propagation from westward to northward since 1998. A cyclonic anomaly of the large‐scale environmental steering flow centered on East Asia was found based on a comparison of 1982–1997 and 1998–2018 periods. The cyclonic anomaly encompasses the southerly anomaly south of 20°N, which is the mainspring of the poleward migration of TCO, while the extra warming along the coast of China also favors this long‐term change. This study made it possible to analyze discrete spatiotemporal TC observations continuously and provided helpful techniques for projecting TC changes using numerical methods.
Targeting photodynamic and photothermal therapy to the endoplasmic reticulum enhances immunogenic cancer cell death
Authors: Li Wei , Yang Jie , Luo Lihua , Jiang Mengshi , Qin Bing , Yin Hang , Zhu Chunqi , Yuan Xiaoling , Zhang Junlei , Luo Zhenyu , Du Yongzhong , Li Qingpo , Lou Yan , Qiu Yunqing , You Jian 
Published: July 2019

AbstractImmunogenic cell death (ICD)-associated immunogenicity can be evoked through reactive oxygen species (ROS) produced via endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress. In this study, we generate a double ER-targeting strategy to realize photodynamic therapy (PDT) photothermal therapy (PTT) immunotherapy. This nanosystem consists of ER-targeting pardaxin (FAL) peptides modified-, indocyanine green (ICG) conjugated- hollow gold nanospheres (FAL-ICG-HAuNS), together with an oxygen-delivering hemoglobin (Hb) liposome (FAL-Hb lipo), designed to reverse hypoxia. Compared with non-targeting nanosystems, the ER-targeting naosystem induces robust ER stress and calreticulin (CRT) exposure on the cell surface under near-infrared (NIR) light irradiation. CRT, a marker for ICD, acts as an ‘eat me’ signal to stimulate the antigen presenting function of dendritic cells. As a result, a series of immunological responses are activated, including CD8+ T cell proliferation and cytotoxic cytokine secretion. In conclusion, ER-targeting PDT-PTT promoted ICD-associated immunotherapy through direct ROS-based ER stress and exhibited enhanced anti-tumour efficacy.
Tracking materials science data lineage to manage millions of materials experiments and analyses
Authors: Soedarmadji Edwin , Stein Helge S. , Suram Santosh K. , Guevarra Dan , Gregoire John M. 
Published: July 2019

AbstractIn an era of rapid advancement of algorithms that extract knowledge from data, data and metadata management are increasingly critical to research success. In materials science, there are few examples of experimental databases that contain many different types of information, and compared with other disciplines, the database sizes are relatively small. Underlying these issues are the challenges in managing and linking data across disparate synthesis and characterization experiments, which we address with the development of a lightweight data management framework that is generally applicable for experimental science and beyond. Five years of managing experiments with this system has yielded the Materials Experiment and Analysis Database (MEAD) that contains raw data and metadata from millions of materials synthesis and characterization experiments, as well as the analysis and distillation of that data into property and performance metrics via software in an accompanying open source repository. The unprecedented quantity and diversity of experimental data are searchable by experiment and analysis attributes generated by both researchers and data processing software. The search web interface allows users to visualize their search results and download zipped packages of data with full annotations of their lineage. The enormity of the data provides substantial challenges and opportunities for incorporating data science in the physical sciences, and MEAD’s data and algorithm management framework will foster increased incorporation of automation and autonomous discovery in materials and chemistry research.
In-plane orientation-dependent metal-insulator transition in vanadium dioxide induced by sublattice strain engineering
Authors: Liang Weizheng , Zhuo Zengqing , Ji Yanda , Lu Chang , Gao Min , Yang Hao , Chen Chonglin , Pan Feng , Lin Yuan 
Published: July 2019

AbstractSelectively modulating the sublattices in 3D transition metal oxides via strains could tailor the electronic configurations with emerging anomalous properties, which provides new platforms for fundamental researches as well as designs of devices. Here, we report tailoring the oxygen octahedral sublattices in vanadium dioxide (VO2) thin films by anisotropic in-plane strains, and the observation of in-plane orientation-dependent metal–insulator transition. Through multimodal characterizations based on high-resolution X-ray diffraction, electrical transport measurements, and polarization-dependent X-ray absorption spectroscopy at different temperatures, we demonstrate that nonequal strains were successfully induced along A and B oxygen octahedral chains in VO2 films via a special design of epitaxial growth on vicinal substrates. The V 3d1 orbital configurations are modulated in the two oxygen octahedral chains, resulting in in-plane orientation-dependent metal–insulator transition behaviors such as reduced hysteresis width and anisotropic phase transition temperature. This work provides new fundamental insights on metal–insulator transitions, and more importantly, opens up new opportunities for material and device developments