bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Interactions of HLA-DR and Topoisomerase I Epitope Modulated Genetic Risk for Systemic Sclerosis
Authors: Kongkaew Sirilak , Rungrotmongkol Thanyada , Punwong Chutintorn , Noguchi Hiroshi , Takeuchi Fujio , Kungwan Nawee , Wolschann Peter , Hannongbua Supot 
Published: January 2019

AbstractThe association of systemic sclerosis with anti-Topoisomerase 1 antibody (ATASSc) with specific alleles of human leukocyte antigen (HLA)-DR has been observed among various ethnics. The anti-Topoisomerase 1 antibody is a common autoantibody in SSc with diffuse cutaneous scleroderma, which is one of the clinical subtypes of SSc. On the other hand, an immunodominant peptide of topoisomerase 1 (Top1) self-protein (residues 349–368) was reported to have strong association with ATASSc. In this study, molecular dynamics simulation was performed on the complexes of Top1 peptide with various HLA-DR subtypes divided into ATASSc-associated alleles (HLA-DRB1*08:02, HLA-DRB1*11:01 and HLA-DRB1*11:04), suspected allele (HLA-DRB5*01:02), and non-associated allele (HLA-DRB1*01:01). The unique interaction for each system was compared to the others in terms of dynamical behaviors, binding free energies and solvation effects. Our results showed that three HLA-DR/Top1 complexes of ATASSc association mostly exhibited high protein stability and increased binding efficiency without solvent interruption, in contrast to non-association. The suspected case (HLA-DRB5*01:02) binds Top1 as strongly as the ATASSc association case, which implied a highly possible risk for ATASSc development. This finding might support ATASSc development mechanism leading to a guideline for the treatment and avoidance of pathogens like Top1 self-peptide risk for ATASSc.
Susceptibility of Escherichia coli O157:H7 grown at low temperatures to the krypton-chlorine excilamp
Authors: Lee Jae-Ik , Kim Sang-Soon , Kang Dong-Hyun 
Published: January 2019

AbstractThis study was conducted to investigate the resistance of Escherichia coli O157:H7 to 222-nm krypton-chlorine(KrCl) excilamp and 254-nm low-pressure Hg lamp (LP lamp) treatment according to growth temperature. As growth temperature decreased, lag time of E. coli O157:H7 significantly increased while the growth rate significantly decreased. Regardless of growth temperature, the KrCl excilamp showed higher disinfection capacity compared to the LP lamp at stationary growth phase. KrCl excilamp treatment showed significantly higher reduction as growth temperature decreased. Conversely, reduction levels according to growth temperature were not significantly different when the pathogen was subjected to LP lamp treatment. Inactivation mechanisms were evaluated by the thiobarbituric acid reactive substances (TBARS) assay and SYBR green assay, and we confirmed that lipid oxdiation capacity following KrCl excilamp treatment increased as growth temperature decreased, which was significantly higher than that of LP lamp treated samples regardless of growth temperature. DNA damage level was significantly higher for LP Hg lamp treated samples compared to those subjected to the KrCl excilamp, but no significant difference pursuant to growth temperature was observed. At the transcriptional level, gene expression related to several metabolic pathways was significantly higher for the pathogen grown at 15 °C compared that of 37 °C, enabling it to adapt and survive at low temperature, and membrane lipid composition became altered to ensure membrane fluidity. Consequently, resistance of E. coli O157:H7 to the KrCl excilamp decreased as growth temperature decreased because the ratio of unsaturated fatty acid composition increased at low growth temperature resulting in higher lipid oxidation levels. These results indicate that KrCl excilamp treatment should be determined carefully considering the growth temperature of E. coli O157:H7.
Comparing patterns of volatile organic compounds exhaled in breath after consumption of two infant formulae with a different lipid structure: a randomized trial
Authors: Smolinska A. , Baranska A. , Dallinga J. W. , Mensink R. P. , Baumgartner S. , van de Heijning B. J. M. , van Schooten F. J. 
Published: January 2019

AbstractInfant formulae have been used since decades as an alternative to or a complement to human milk. Human milk, the “gold standard” of infant nutrition, has been studied for its properties in order to create infant formulae that bring similar benefits to the infant. One of the characteristics of milk is the size of the lipid droplets which is known to affect the digestion, gastric emptying and triglyceride metabolism. In the current study a concept infant milk formula with large, phospholipid coating of lipid droplets (mode diameter 3–5 μm; NUTURIS, further described as “active”), was compared to a commercially available formula milk characterised by smaller lipid droplets, further described as “control” (both products derived from Nutricia). We investigated whether we could find an effect of lipid droplet size on volatile compounds in exhaled air upon ingestion of either product. For that purpose, exhaled breath was collected from a group of 29 healthy, non-smoking adult males before ingestion of a study product (baseline measurements, T0) and at the following time points after the test meal: 30, 60, 120, 180 and 240 min. Volatile organic compounds (VOCs) in breath were detected by gas chromatography-time-of-flight-mass spectrometry. Any differences in the time course of VOCs patterns upon intake of active and control products were investigated by regularised multivariate analysis of variance (rMANOVA). The rMANOVA analysis revealed statistically significant differences in the exhaled breath composition 240 min after ingestion of the active formula compared to control product (p-value < 0.0001), but did not show significant changes between active and control product at any earlier time points. A set of eight VOCs in exhaled breath had the highest contribution to the difference found at 240 minutes between the two formulas. A set of ten VOCs was different between baseline and the two formulae at T240 with p-value < 0.0001. To our knowledge this is the first study that shows the ability of VOCs in exhaled breath to monitor metabolic effects after ingestion of infant formulae with different lipid structure. The statistically significant differences in compound abundance found between active and control formula milk may be related to: (i) specific differences in the digestion, (ii) absorption of lipids and proteins and (iii) assimilation of the products in the gut.
Mechanisms of picosecond laser-induced damage in common multilayer dielectric coatings
Authors: Kozlov Alexei A. , Lambropoulos John C. , Oliver James B. , Hoffman Brittany N. , Demos Stavros G. 
Published: January 2019

AbstractThe physical mechanisms and ensuing material modification associated with laser-induced damage in multilayer dielectric high reflectors is investigated for pulses between 0.6 and 100 ps. We explore low-loss multilayer dielectric SiO2/HfO2 mirrors which are commonly employed in petawatt-class laser systems. The spatial features of damage sites are precisely characterized, enabling the direct correlation of the observed damage morphology to the location of energy deposition and the corresponding standing-wave electric-field intensities within the layer structure. The results suggest that there are three discrete damage-initiation morphologies arising from distinctly different mechanisms: the first prevailing at laser pulse lengths shorter than about 2.3 ps, while the other two are observed for longer pulses. Modeling of the thermomechanical response of the material to localized laser-energy deposition was performed for each type of damage morphology to better understand the underlying mechanisms of energy deposition and subsequent material response.
Elephant APOBEC3A cytidine deaminase induces massive double-stranded DNA breaks and apoptosis
Authors: Li Xiongxiong , Caval Vincent , Wain-Hobson Simon , Vartanian Jean-Pierre 
Published: January 2019

AbstractThe incidence of developing cancer should increase with the body mass, yet is not the case, a conundrum referred to as Peto’s paradox. Elephants have a lower incidence of cancer suggesting that these animals have probably evolved different ways to protect themselves against the disease. The paradox is worth revisiting with the realization that most mammals encode an endogenous APOBEC3 cytidine deaminase capable of mutating single stranded DNA. Indeed, the mutagenic activity of some APOBEC3 enzymes has been shown to introduce somatic mutations into genomic DNA. These enzymes are now recognized as causal agent responsible for the accumulation of CG- > TA transitions and DNA breaks leading to chromosomal rearrangements in human cancer genomes. Here, we identified an elephant A3Z1 gene, related to human APOBEC3A and showed that it could efficiently deaminate cytidine, 5-methylcytidine and produce DNA breaks leading to massive apoptosis, similar to other mammalian APOBEC3A enzymes where body mass varies by up to four orders of magnitude. Consequently, it could be considered that eAZ1 might contribute to cancer in elephants in a manner similar to their proposed role in humans. If so, eAZ1 might be particularly well regulated to counter Peto’s paradox.
Removal of a gadolinium based contrast agent by a novel sorbent hemoperfusion in a chronic kidney disease (CKD) rodent model
Authors: Ngamcherdtrakul Worapol , Morry Jingga , Sangvanich Thanapon , Reda Moataz , Bejan Daniel S. , Fryxell Glen E. , Yantasee Wassana 
Published: January 2019

AbstractGadolinium based contrast agents (GBCAs) have been linked to toxicity in patients, regardless of having impaired or normal renal function. Currently, no therapy is considered highly effective for removing gadolinium (Gd) from the body. We propose a new strategy to reduce blood Gd content that facilitates whole body removal of Gd using a hemoperfusion system consisting of a cartridge of porous silica beads (Davisil®) functionalized with 1,2-hydroxypyridinone (1,2-HOPO). Herein, we report optimization of the hemoperfusion system using an ex vivo blood and an in vivo rat model of chronic kidney disease (CKD). In our ex vivo system, 1,2-HOPO-Davisil outperformed Gambro activated charcoal (AC), which is commonly used in clinical hemoperfusion of aqueous toxins, in terms of Gd capture capacity and rate. In the CKD rat model, the 1,2-HOPO-Davisil hemoperfusion system removed Gd by 3.4 times over the Gambro AC system. 1,2-HOPO-Davisil did not change complete blood counts and common blood biochemistry. Thus, this strategy has great potential for clinical translation to manage GBCAs after magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), before Gd can deposit in the body and cause long-term toxicity. Although gadodiamide was used as a proof of concept model for GBCAs in this study, 1,2-HOPO functionalized mesoporous silica could also capture dissociated Gd and other GBCAs.
Maximizing Electrokinetic Energy Conversion via the Intersecting Asymptotes Method
Authors: Mansouri Abraham , Kostiuk Larry 
Published: January 2019

AbstractIt has been shown in earlier studies that the maximum electrokinetic conversion efficiency between flow and electric work (e.g., electrokinetic power generation) occurs when electric double-layer (λ) overlaps and there is no electroneutral zone in a nanometer-scale channel. This result has been shown through cumbersome and lengthy numerical and theoretical studies. The case is made here that complications associated with solving the coupled set of governing equations i.e. Poisson, Nernst-Planck, and Navier-Stokes (PNPNS) could be drastically reduced to a two-step solution by method of intersecting asymptotes.
Epitope mapping of anti-PGRMC1 antibodies reveals the non-conventional membrane topology of PGRMC1 on the cell surface
Authors: Kim Ji Yea , Kim So Young , Choi Hong Seo , An Sungkwan , Ryu Chun Jeih 
Published: January 2019

AbstractProgesterone receptor membrane component1 (PGRMC1) is a heme-binding protein involved in cancers and Alzheimer’s disease. PGRMC1 consists of a short N-terminal extracellular or luminal domain, a single membrane-spanning domain, and a long cytoplasmic domain. Previously, we generated two monoclonal antibodies (MAbs) 108-B6 and 4A68 that recognize cell surface-expressed PGRMC1 (csPGRMC1) on human pluripotent stem cells and some cancer cells. In this study, flow cytometric analysis found that an anti-PGRMC1 antibody recognizing the N-terminus of PGRMC1 could not bind to csPGRMC1 on cancer cells, and 108-B6 and 4A68 binding to csPGRMC1 was inhibited by trypsin treatment, suggesting that the epitopes of 108-B6 and 4A68 are trypsin-sensitive. To examine the epitope specificity of 108-B6 and 4A68, glutathione-S-transferase (GST)-fused PGRMC1 mutants were screened to identify the epitopes targeted by the antibodies. The result showed that 108-B6 and 4A68 recognized C-terminal residues 183–195 and 171–182, respectively, of PGRMC1, where trypsin-sensitive sites are located. A polyclonal anti-PGRMC1 antibody raised against the C-terminus of PGRMC1 could also recognized csPGRMC1 in a trypsin-sensitive manner, suggesting that the C-terminus of csPGRMC1 is exposed on the cell surface. This finding reveals that csPGRMC1 has a non-conventional plasma membrane topology, which is different from that of intracellular PGRMC1.
Survival analysis of adult and children intermittent exotropia using a matched case-control design
Authors: Choi Daye Diana , Noh Hoon , Park Kyung-Ah , Oh Sei Yeul 
Published: January 2019

AbstractTo compare the surgical outcomes of adult intermittent exotropia (X(T)) patients and matched control children X(T) patients including survival analysis. Fifty-two adult X(T) patients and 129 matched control children X(T) patients were included. Clinical characteristics, survival analysis, and surgical dose-response curves were evaluated and compared between the two groups. The weighted Cox proportional hazards regression analysis was used in order to find risk factors for the recurrence. Using Kaplan-Meier survival analysis, the cumulative probability of survival rate considering recurrence as event of Adult group were 93.97% for one year, and maintained at 88.44% for two, three. four, and five years after surgery. In contrast, those of the Child group were 83.6%, 76.5%, 65.6%, 56.23%, and 40.16% for one, two, three, four, and five years after surgery, respectively. The Adult group had a better event-free survival curve than the Child group as analyzed by a Log-rank test (p = 0.020). According to multivariate weighted Cox regression analysis, the younger age at operation and the larger preoperative angle were significant risk factors for recurrence.
Treating Children With Cleft Palate: Case Examples
Authors: Wilson Kristina , Dixon Angela J. 
Published: January 2019

Purpose
Treatment of a child with cleft palate is often complex and requires collaboration between treating speech-language pathologists (SLPs) and members of the cleft palate team. This article uses a case study format to facilitate discussion between 2 SLPs with specialty training in cleft palate speech disorders. The purpose of this article is to use a case study and response approach to facilitate a conversation that explores challenges faced and differing treatment approaches to reach the same goal of typical speech development for a child with cleft palate.

Conclusion
The discussion between the treating SLP and the responding SLP provides examples of meeting comparable goals in different ways, highlighting similarities and differences in treatment approaches, while encouraging continued conversations and community among cleft palate speech specialists.
Miniaturised tri‐band lowpass–bandpass filter using lumped‐element structure
Authors: Xu Jin , Wan Hao , Ding Jiang‐Qiao , Zhu Yin‐Xia 
Published: January 2019

In this Letter, a miniaturised tri‐band lowpass–bandpass (LP‐BP) filter is proposed by using lumped‐element structure. The lowpass passband (LP) and the first bandpass passband (1‐BP) are produced by using the transmission zeros to divide a lowpass filtering response into a dual‐band LP‐BP filtering response. The second bandpass passband (2‐BP) is produced by further loading a lumped‐element circuit. As an example, an LP with 3 dB cut‐off frequency of 1 GHz, and two BPs centred at 2.45/5.2 GHz for the WLAN applications are designed. The fabricated tri‐band LP‐BP filter has low passband insertion losses of 0.08/0.69/1.38 dB, and occupies a compact circuit area of 0.055λgc × 0.063λgc.
Implementation of a soft switching converter with series DC–DC circuits and single transformer
Authors: Lin Bor‐Ren 
Published: January 2019

A high efficiency converter is developed for high‐voltage input and low‐voltage output such as DC light rail vehicle, industry high power units with three‐phase AC input or bipolar DC micro‐grid system. The proposed circuit structure is constructed with series DC–DC circuits to lessen voltage rating of power metal oxide semiconductor field effect transistors (MOSFETs). Single transformer is employed with two primary inputs and one secondary output to lessen conduction loss on power MOSFETs and copper loss on transformer windings so that the converter efficiency is improved. Phase‐shift duty cycle control is employed to reduce switching loss on MOSFETs. Input voltages balance problem in conventional three‐level converters is overcome by using a voltage balance capacitor. The effectiveness and feasibility of the studied structure were evaluated based on 1 kW DC converter with 100 kHz switching frequency.
Präklinische Bewertung von Intraokularlinsen durch simulierte Implantation
Authors: Gerlach Mario , Guthoff Rudolf , Stachs Oliver , Bohn Sebastian , Sperlich Karsten 
Published: January 2019

ZusammenfassungDie Entwicklung neuer optischer Designs für Intraokularlinsen (IOL) ist eine große Herausforderung für die Linsenhersteller, da die postoperative Patientenzufriedenheit mit neuen Konzepten a priori schwer abzuschätzen ist. Bislang werden dazu invasive klinische Untersuchungen durchgeführt. Im Gegensatz dazu erlaubt die simulierte Implantation von IOLs eine risikofreie Bestimmung der erreichbaren Sehleistungen und eine subjektive Bewertung des Seheindrucks neuer optischer Konzepte. Für die Intraokularlinsenhersteller schafft dies die Möglichkeit, während der Entwicklung und Optimierung von neuartigen Linsendesigns einerseits die subjektive Wahrnehmung von Probanden zu berücksichtigen und andererseits schon vor der ersten Implantation vergleichende Leistungsuntersuchungen mit bekannten Produkten durchzuführen. Mittels simulierter Implantation können subjektiv optimierte IOLs zu einer besseren postoperativen Sehqualität für die Patienten führen und das Risiko einer kostenintensiven Entwicklung von Produkten mit klinisch nicht akzeptablen visuellen Wahrnehmungsleistungen, beispielsweise durch optische Nebeneffekte, minimieren. Die Anwendung der simulierten Implantation während der präoperativen Patientenkonsultation kann die Ermittlung der subjektiven Sehpräferenzen der Patienten und eine darauf zielgerichtete IOL-Auswahlempfehlung ermöglichen. Neben der verbesserten Auswahlmöglichkeit aus einem bestehenden IOL-Portfolio könnten IOL-Hersteller auch individualisierte, multifokale IOLs anbieten, die dem zuvor erhobenen Präferenzmuster der Patienten entsprechen. Dieser Artikel erläutert die technischen Hintergründe und Anwendungsszenarien der simulierten Implantation und stellt aktuelle Verfahren und Geräte vor.
Konzeptionelle Grundlagen der Bewegungstherapie in der medizinischen Rehabilitation: Ergebnisse einer bundesweiten Bestandsaufnahme
Authors: Deprins Judith , Geidl Wolfgang , Streber René , Pfeifer Klaus , Sudeck Gorden 
Published: January 2019

Zusammenfassung
Ziel Dieser Beitrag zielt auf bundesweite Informationen über inhaltlich-konzeptionelle Merkmale der Bewegungstherapie in der medizinischen Rehabilitation. Er bearbeitet die Fragestellung, in welchem Maße sich diese Merkmale in Abhängigkeit von Erkrankungsbereichen sowie strukturellen Merkmalen von Reha-Einrichtungen unterscheiden.
Methodik In einer bundesweiten Querschnittsstudie wurden 1146 Einrichtungen aus dem gesamten Erkrankungsspektrum angeschrieben, um bewegungstherapeutische Leitungspersonen pseudonymisiert für eine schriftliche Befragung zu rekrutieren.
Ergebnisse Für die Auswertungen konnten 713 Fragebogen aus 529 Einrichtungen herangezogen werden. Varianzanalytische Vergleiche der Erkrankungsbereiche ergaben deutliche Unterschiede in den Einschätzungen der Beeinflussbarkeit von Ausgangsbedingungen der Rehabilitanden sowie der Bedeutsamkeit bewegungstherapeutischer Inhalte. Zur weiteren Varianzaufklärung trugen zudem strukturelle Merkmale der Einrichtungen bei.
Schlussfolgerung Es zeigt sich eine Vielfalt bewegungstherapeutischer inhaltlich-konzeptioneller Ausrichtungen. Neben erkrankungsspezifischen Unterschieden verbleiben erhebliche Varianzen, die auf Unterschiede zwischen Einrichtungen innerhalb eines Erkrankungsbereichs hindeuten.
SKO1 deficiency extends chronological lifespan in Saccharomyces cerevisiae
Authors: Masumura Koji , Matsukami Sachi , Yonekita Kumiko , Kanai Muneyoshi , Kume Kazunori , Hirata Dai , Mizunuma Masaki 
Published: January 2019

ABSTRACT
Sko1 plays a key role in the control of gene expression by osmotic and oxidative stress in yeast. We demonstrate that the decrease in chronological lifespan (CLS) of hog1Δ cells was suppressed by SKO1 deletion. sko1Δ single mutant cells were shown to have a longer CLS, thus implicating Sko1 in the regulation of their CLS.
Corporate environmental responsibility in Ethiopia: a case study of the Akaki River Basin
Authors: Amare Abebe 
Published: January 2019

ABSTRACT
This research is aimed at investigating Corporate Environmental Responsibility in Manufacturing Enterprises in the Akaki River basin on protecting the urban environment with particular emphasis on twenty selected industries. To attain its objective, the study employed a mixed methods research approach. Data were collected by employing tools such as questionnaire, key informant interview, group discussions and observation. The findings of the research show that corporate environmental responsibility is very low. The majority of Large Scale Industries encompassed in the survey did not show considerable effort on protecting the environment responsibly. The reasons identified by this research are among others the absence of corporate environmental responsibility, low pressure from the enforcing institutions, and lack of financial and human resources. As a result, the Akaki River is highly polluted mainly through toxic industrial effluents released with little or no prior treatment. The consequences are countless. The populations living across the river are facing health deteriorations and economic damages. Based on the findings of this study, setting up strong institutions which are capable of developing new laws and implementing the existing environmental legal framework is commended.