bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
An Explorative Probe into Pakistan’s Engagement with Central Asia
Authors: Khan Hashmat Ullah , Li Wang , Iqbal Khalid 
Published: December 2024

Aims of the Study: This study aims to answer the questions like what is the existing level of engagement and interregional connectivity between Pakistan and Central Asia, and what are its prospects?
Methodology: The study has been conducted through descriptive and analytical methodologies; data is collected from secondary sources and analyzed through content analysis technique.
Findings: Pakistan is providing the shortest route to Central Asia to connect it with the international market, energy export corridor, and smooth connectivity increase the volume of trade between the two regions. The entire regional trade is expected to expand by 160 per cent after completion of the corridors linking the two regions. The smooth connectivity will also help resolve the energy crisis in Pakistan through TAPI and CASA.
Conclusion: Landlocked Central Asia has numerous strategic resources and economic opportunities, which are the leverages in regional politics. While Pakistan is an energy deficit country, it has good seaports and potentially acts as the land bridge between Central Asia and South Asia to improve its trade deficits. Therefore, engagement and interregional connectivity of both sides are apparently beneficial for strengthening multi-level economic cooperation, political stability and security needs.
Job Satisfaction among Teachers of Higher Secondary Schools of Quetta
Authors: Shah Naseer Ali , Sajjad Shahida , Akram Muhammad 
Published: December 2024

Aim of the Study: One of the most discussed and debated topics in the field of education having a direct bearing on the overall output and achievements of an organization is job Satisfaction. This descriptive study is an effort to figure out and assess the job satisfaction among Higher Secondary School teachers with regards to the supervision, opportunity for promotion, colleagues' support, salary & bonus, and work environment. The study further explores if any gender difference exists in the level of job satisfaction among teachers.
Methodology: The study is quantitative in nature. With the help of purposive sampling method 07 Government Higher Secondary Schools of Quetta city were selected, among them 03 were boys’ schools and 04 were girls’ schools. However, a sample size for this study was 126 teachers (female = 73, male = 53) who were selected again through purposive sampling method. A survey was conducted with the help of 21 items Job satisfaction questionnaire, having 0.84 reliability. Data was analyzed through descriptive statistics and One Way Analysis of Variance (ANOVA).
Findings: Findings of the research indicate that majority of the teachers were satisfied with their job in all aspects, however, considerable number of the participants were not satisfied with their organization in providing salaries and bonuses to their staff. Results also revealed that there is a gender difference found in the level of job satisfaction among teachers of higher secondary schools. It is recommended that HR (Human Resource Management) and school management should assess and revise the policy of salaries and bonuses as per need where applicable.
Conclusion: The current study concluded that while finding out the job satisfaction of secondary schools’ teachers’ majority of them were satisfied with supervision, promotion, support by colleagues, and work conditions. However considerable numbers were dissatisfied with the salaries and bonuses by the institutions. The study further concluded that there was a gender difference exist in the level of job satisfaction among teachers of Higher Secondary Schools.
Analysis of Defected Investigation and it Effect on Trial in Pakistan: Causes and Solutions
Authors: Jatoi Shabana Kouser , Leghari Ali Raza , Tahir Muhammad 
Published: December 2024

Aim of the Study: This research aims to examine the defects in the investigation process as carried out by Police in Pakistan, its effect on trial and to propose solution. Investigation is a process of evidence collection in support of prosecution/complainant case after registration of FIR. There is very low conviction rate in Pakistan due to deficiency of evidence.
Methodology: The study employed qualitative research approach and utilize data collection methods, such as interviews with police officers and officials, review of relevant documents, and observation of police investigation procedures. This study is done to assess the causes and impact of defects in investigation on the administration of justice. The goal of this research is to contribute to the body of knowledge on the investigation process and to provide practical solutions that can be applied by other organizations to improve their own investigative practices. Researcher has conducted interviews in depth to reach a conclusion and also asked about solution from experts of investigation, trial and who encounter in routine non implementation of laws by police.
Findings: During study there is a very huge gap of facilities between big cities i.e. Karachi, Lahore, Islamabad, and remote areas i.e. Dadu, Khairpur, Rajanpur etc. In big cities forensic Labs are established and in remote areas police stations even don’t have basic investigation tools. These issues have a significant impact on the rate of conviction and the overall effectiveness of the criminal justice system. It is essential that the government and relevant authorities take immediate action to address these issues and improve the investigation process.
Conclusion: The solutions and recommendations outlined in this study, such as training and capacity building, anti-corruption measures, improved record-keeping, and increased funding, can help to address these issues and increase the efficiency and effectiveness of the investigation process.
Impact of Childhood Trauma and Attachment Styles on Marital Satisfaction
Authors: Shahzad Fizzah , Bilal Ahmad , Arif Mehak 
Published: December 2024

Aim of the Study: This study explores the relationship between childhood trauma and attachment styles on marital satisfaction.
Methodology: 400 married people, all over 25, were chosen using a purposive sample technique to represent a range of demographic backgrounds. A number of survey questions were completed by participants in order to evaluate important variables such attachment styles, marital happiness, and experiences with childhood trauma. Extensive statistical analyses of the gathered data allowed investigation of the hypothesized correlations, providing important new understandings of the complex links between attachment styles, traumatic childhood experiences, and marital satisfaction.
Findings: The findings showed a strong positive association between the anxious attachment style and childhood trauma and a negative correlation with satisfaction in marriage. On the other hand, a negative association was discovered between closed attachment style and marital happiness as well as childhood trauma.
Conclusion: In order to better understand these complex relationships and help in the development of specific interventions targeted at improving general well-being and marital satisfaction, future studies should make use of longitudinal methods.
Examining the Stance of International Donor Organizations Uplift the Role of Civil Society in Social Development during Post Musharaf Era
Authors: Asim Muhammad , Chaudhary Ayesha , Mahmood Babak , Chaudhary Muhammad Shabbir 
Published: December 2024

Aim of the Study: This research study examines the role of international donor organizations to uplift the involvement of civil society in social development in post Musharaf era.
Methodology: The study was conducted in District Jhang and Chiniot where various development programs were launched. The nature of this study was qualitative and subjective experience of representatives of International Donors Organizations and Non-Governmental Organizations about social development was assessed. Interpretive research was a methodological philosophy of this research that creates meaning and social realty within subjective experiences. Population of the study was those NGO’s which were involved in developmental programs in district Jhang and Chiniot. (N=15) representatives of NGO’s were approached through snowball sampling technique because many NGO’s had been closed their offices and respondents were not easily available. Interview guide was used as tool of data collection and field notes were prepared during interviews.
Findings: Thematic analysis was used to approach the themes including creating democratic values, women’s participation, poverty alleviation, community engagement in emergency response.
Conclusion and Suggestions: International donors and local NGO’s have concerns all sides of human development. The role of these NGO’s is crucial and important to know what development has been taking place in Post Muharaf era, the era was dominant by involvement of NGO’s to uplift the standard of living of local people. It was suggested that government must enhance the capacity of civil society through administering and technical support for social development. Government must ensure the participation of NGO’s and civil society in policy making to have collective impact on society.
Entre le « grand territoire » et l’amour décolonial – Nirliit et Uvanga
Authors: Pascal Marie 
Published: December 2024

Cet article s’intéresse à deux oeuvres situées dans des communautés inuites : le roman Nirliit (2015) de Juliana Léveillé-Trudel et le film Uvanga (2013) de Marie-Hélène Cousineau et Madeline Piujuq Ivalu. Ces récits représentent le Grand Nord canadien comme source à la fois de fascination et d’engloutissement, et le décrivent comme la cause de la mort de l’être humain qui l’arpente, l’abandonne, pour s’y jeter à nouveau. En étudiant les différentes modalités de description du « grand territoire » (le Nunavik et le Nunavut), je mets en regard les propositions littéraires et les images et la bande-son du film afin de montrer que le grand territoire sous-tend un potentiel à inséminer l’amour décolonial et participe à la survivance.
« Devenir tout, détruire tout, exploser » : corps-à-corps avec la nature, lutte pour la survie et poétique de la déflagration dans la poésie québécoise contemporaine (Desmeules, Lafleur, Morin)
Authors: Borgomano Alix 
Published: December 2024

Les recueils examinés dans la présente étude (Alexie Morin, Chien de fusil [2013] ; Annie Lafleur, Ciguë [2019] ; Anne-Marie Desmeules, Nature morte au couteau [2020]) mettent en scène la fuite et la confrontation de sujets humains à une nature hostile, qui ne cesse de les menacer. Dans ces textes qui brouillent les frontières entre l’humain et l’autre qu’humain ou présentent au contraire leur face-à-face et leur lutte, l’on cherchera à déceler une reconfiguration du rapport au vivant et à identifier une poétique de la violence, fondée sur le conflit primordial avec le monde et la puissance créatrice de la destruction.
Thermal and Thermoelectric Properties of Molecular Junctions
Authors: Wang Kun , Meyhofer Edgar , Reddy Pramod 
Published: October 2019

AbstractMolecular junctions (MJs) represent an ideal platform for studying charge and energy transport at the atomic and molecular scale and are of fundamental interest for the development of molecular‐scale electronics. While tremendous efforts have been devoted to probing charge transport in MJs during the past two decades, only recently advances in experimental techniques and computational tools have made it possible to precisely characterize how heat is transported, dissipated, and converted in MJs. This progress is central to the design of thermally robust molecular circuits and high‐efficiency energy conversion devices. In addition, thermal and thermoelectric studies on MJs offer unique opportunities to test the validity of classical physical laws at the nanoscale. A brief survey of recent progress and emerging experimental approaches in probing thermal and thermoelectric transport in MJs is provided, including thermal conduction, heat dissipation, and thermoelectric effects, from both a theoretical and experimental perspective. Future directions and outstanding challenges in the field are also discussed.
Hierarchically Structured Self‐Healing Actuators with Superfast Light‐ and Magnetic‐Response
Authors: Wang Yuyan , Guo Quanquan , Su Gehong , Cao Jie , Liu Jize , Zhang Xinxing 
Published: October 2019

AbstractDespite the tremendous advancement of intelligent robots, it remains a great challenge to integrate living organisms‐like multistimuli responsive actuation and excellent self‐healing ability into one single material system, which will greatly benefit and broaden the development of smart biomimetic materials. Herein, a novel self‐healable multistimuli responsive actuator is developed based on hierarchical structural design and interfacial supramolecular crosslinking. The resulting biomimetic actuator shows a record high photothermal efficiency (ηPT = 79.1%) and thermal conductivity (31.92 W m−1 K−1), and presents a superfast actuating response (near‐infrared light: 0.44 s; magnetic field: 0.36 s). In addition, the supramolecular crosslinking endows excellent self‐healing performance in both mechanical and actuating properties to the material. This biomimetic actuator with its hierarchical structure design provides great potential for various applications, such as artificial muscles, soft robotics, and biomedical microdevices.
Injection and Self‐Assembly of Bioinspired Stem Cell‐Laden Gelatin/Hyaluronic Acid Hybrid Microgels Promote Cartilage Repair In Vivo
Authors: Feng Qi , Li Qingtao , Wen Hongji , Chen Jingxuan , Liang Minhua , Huang Hanhao , Lan Dongxu , Dong Hua , Cao Xiaodong 
Published: October 2019

AbstractIn this paper, a novel bioinspired stem cell‐laden microgel and related in vivo cartilage repair strategy are proposed. In particular, herein the preparation of new stem cell‐laden microgels, which can be injected into the chondral defect site in a minimally invasive way, and more importantly, capable of in situ self‐assembly into 3D macroporous scaffold without external stimuli, is presented. Specifically, thiolated gelatin (Gel‐SH) and vinyl sulfonated hyaluronic acid (HA‐VS) are first synthesized, and then stem cell‐laden gelatin/hyaluronic acid hybrid microgels (Gel‐HA) are generated by mixing Gel‐SH, HA‐VS, and bone mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs) together via droplet‐based microfluidic approach, followed by gelation through fast and efficient thiol‐Michael addition reaction. The encapsulated BMSCs show high viability, proliferation, and chondrogenic differentiation potential in the microgels. Moreover, the in vitro test proves that BMSC‐laden Gel‐HA microgels are injectable without sacrificing BMSC viability, and more importantly, can self‐assemble into cartilage‐like scaffolds via cell–cell interconnectivity. In vivo experiments further confirm that the self‐assembled microgels can inhibit vascularization and hypertrophy. The Gel‐HA microgels and relevant cartilage repair strategy, i.e., injecting BMSC‐laden microgels separately and reconstructing chondral defect structure by microgel self‐assembly, provides a simple and effective method for cartilage tissue engineering and regenerative medicine.
Repairing Transected Peripheral Nerve Using a Biomimetic Nerve Guidance Conduit Containing Intraluminal Sponge Fillers
Authors: Hou Yuanjing , Wang Xinyu , Zhang Zongrui , Luo Jing , Cai Zhengwei , Wang Yiyu , Li Yi 
Published: October 2019

AbstractNerve guide conduits (NGCs) with geometric design have shown significant advantages in guidance of nerve reinnervation across the defect of injured peripheral nerves. It is realized that intraluminal fillers with distinctive structure can effectively provide an inner guidance for sprouting of axons and improve the permeability of NGC. In this work, a poly(lactic‐co‐glycolic acid) (PLGA) NGC is prepared containing intraluminal sponge fillers (labeled as ISF‐NGC) and used for reconstruction of a rat sciatic nerve with a 10 mm gap. For comparison, the same procedure is applied to a single hollow PLGA NGC (labeled as H‐NGC) and an autologous nerve. As evidenced by significantly improved nerve morphology and function, the ISF‐NGC achieves a superior nerve repair effect over H‐NGC, which is comparable to autologous nerve grafting. It is likely that the H‐NGC only provides a protected tunnel for nerve fiber regrowth and axonal extension, while ISF‐NGC offers an extracellular matrix‐mimetic architecture as autograft to provide contact guidance for nerve reinnervation. This newly developed ISF‐NGC is a promising candidate to aid nerve reinnervation across longer gaps commonly encountered in clinical cases.
Flexible Ferrofluids: Design and Applications
Authors: Zhang Xiaoxuan , Sun Lingyu , Yu Yunru , Zhao Yuanjin 
Published: October 2019

AbstractFerrofluids, also known as ferromagnetic particle suspensions, are materials with an excellent magnetic response, which have attracted increasing interest in both industrial production and scientific research areas. Because of their outstanding features, such as rapid magnetic reaction, flexible flowability, as well as tunable optical and thermal properties, ferrofluids have found applications in various fields, including material science, physics, chemistry, biology, medicine, and engineering. Here, a comprehensive, in‐depth insight into the diverse applications of ferrofluids from material fabrication, droplet manipulation, and biomedicine to energy and machinery is provided. Design of ferrofluid‐related devices, recent developments, as well as present challenges and future prospects are also outlined.
A Computational Predictive Approach for Controlling the Morphology of Functional Molecular Aggregates on Substrates
Authors: Lorenzoni Andrea , Muccini Michele , Mercuri Francesco 
Published: October 2019

AbstractFull control of the growth dynamics and morphology of nanoscale molecular aggregates on substrates is a crucial factor for the development of novel materials and devices for technological applications. A novel computational approach based on molecular dynamics, which is able to predict the structure of nanoscale aggregates of organic small molecules on substrates as a function of growth and processing conditions, is presented. In the simulation protocol proposed, molecules are progressively added to the substrate, one by one, reproducing vacuum thermal deposition processes. The simulation parameters affect the structure of the configuration, and formation of molecular aggregates is spontaneously observed upon reaching a critical molecular density at the interface. Suitable simulation parameters allow to access different molecular aggregation morphologies on substrates, including crystalline phases, matching the structural variability observed in real fabrication conditions. This approach is benchmarked by simulating the morphology of aggregates of N,N′‐ditridecylperylene‐3,4,9,10‐tetracarboxylic diimide (PTCDI‐C13), a prototypical n‐type semiconductor for organic electronics, on graphene, in different growth conditions. Simulations predict structural features of aggregates of PTCDI‐C13 on graphene that are in excellent agreement with experiments and, at the same time, provide a rationale and quantitative relationship between molecular structure and observed aggregation morphologies.
S‐Click Reaction for Isotropic Orientation of Oxidases on Electrodes to Promote Electron Transfer at Low Potentials
Authors: Xia Lin , Han Ming‐Jie , Zhou Lu , Huang Aiping , Yang Zhaoya , Wang Tianyuan , Li Fahui , Yu Lu , Tian Changlin , Zang Zhongsheng , Yang Qing‐Zheng , Liu Chenli , Hong Wenxu , Lu Yi , Alfonta Lital , Wang Jiangyun 
Published: October 2019

AbstractElectrochemical sensors are essential for point‐of‐care testing (POCT) and wearable sensing devices. Establishing an efficient electron transfer route between redox enzymes and electrodes is key for converting enzyme‐catalyzed reactions into electrochemical signals, and for the development of robust, sensitive, and selective biosensors. We demonstrate that the site‐specific incorporation of a novel synthetic amino acid (2‐amino‐3‐(4‐mercaptophenyl)propanoic acid) into redox enzymes, followed by an S‐click reaction to wire the enzyme to the electrode, facilitates electron transfer. The fabricated biosensor demonstrated real‐time and selective monitoring of tryptophan (Trp) in blood and sweat samples, with a linear range of 0.02–0.8 mm. Further developments along this route may result in dramatic expansion of portable electrochemical sensors for diverse health‐determination molecules.
Pyridine/Oxadiazole‐Based Helical Foldamer Ion Channels with Exceptionally High K+/Na+ Selectivity
Authors: Chen Feng , Shen Jie , Li Ning , Roy Arundhati , Ye Ruijuan , Ren Changliang , Zeng Huaqiang 
Published: October 2019

AbstractProtein channels are characterized by high transport selectivity, which is essential for maintaining cellular function. Efforts to reproduce such high selectivity over the past four decades have not been very successful. We report a novel series of aromatic foldamer‐based polymeric channels where the backbone is stabilized by differential electrostatic repulsions among heteroatoms helically arrayed along the helical backbone. Nanotubes averaging 2.3 and 2.7 nm in length mediate highly efficient transport of K+ ions as a consequence of hydrophilic electron‐rich hollow cavities that are 3 Å in diameter. Exceptionally high K+ and Na+ selectivity values of 16.3 and 12.6, respectively, are achieved.
New morpholine‐liganded palladium(II) N‐heterocyclic carbene complexes: Synthesis, characterization, crystal structure, and DNA‐binding studies
Authors: Türker Ferhat , Gürses Canbolat , Barut Celepci Duygu , Aktaş Aydın , Ateş Burhan , Gök Yetkin 
Published: October 2019

AbstractA series of the morpholine‐liganded palladium(II) complexes (1a–e) bearing N‐heterocyclic carbene (NHC) functionalized by benzonitrile were synthesized. These complexes were synthesized from (NHC)Pd(II)(pyridine) complexes (PEPPSI) and morpholine. The new complexes were fully characterized by using 1H NMR, 13C NMR, Fourier‐transform infrared spectroscopy, and elemental analysis techniques. Single‐crystal X‐ray diffraction was used to determine the structure of a derivative. The DNA‐binding studies of the new (NHC)Pd(II)morpholine complexes were examined using the pBR322 plasmid. The 2,4,6‐trimethylbenzyl derivative compound has the most DNA binding activity. In addition, for the 3‐methylbenzyl derivative compound, oxidation effects were observed at concentrations higher than 100 µg/ml. Also, the molecular and crystal structures of the complex 3‐methylbenzyl derivative compound were recorded by using a single‐crystal X‐ray diffraction method.
Half‐Sandwich Iridium Complexes Bearing a Diprotic Glyoxime Ligand: Structural Diversity Induced by Reversible Deprotonation
Authors: Takamura Taishin , Harada Takuya , Furuta Tatsuro , Ikariya Takao , Kuwata Shigeki 
Published: October 2019

AbstractSynthesis and deprotonation reactions of half‐sandwich iridium complexes bearing a vicinal dioxime ligand were studied. Treatment of [{Cp*IrCl(μ‐Cl)}2] (Cp*=η5‐C5Me5) with dimethylglyoxime (LH2) at an Ir:LH2 ratio of 1:1 afforded the cationic dioxime iridium complex [Cp*IrCl(LH2)]Cl (1). The chlorido complex 1 undergoes stepwise and reversible deprotonation with potassium carbonate to give the oxime–oximato complex [Cp*IrCl(LH)] (2) and the anionic dioximato(2−) complex K[Cp*IrCl(L)] (3) sequentially. Meanwhile, twofold deprotonation of the sulfato complex [Cp*Ir(SO4)(LH2)] (4) resulted in the formation of the oximato‐bridged dinuclear complex [{Cp*Ir(μ‐L)}2] (5). X‐ray analyses disclosed their supramolecular structures with one‐dimensional infinite chain (1 and 2), hexagonal open channels (3), and a tetrameric rhomboid (4) featuring multiple intermolecular hydrogen bonds and electrostatic interactions.