bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Efficiency and Health Economic Evaluations of BD OneFlow™ Flow Cytometry Reagents for Diagnosing Chronic Lymphoid Leukemia
Authors: Moloney Eoin , Watson Helen , Barge Dawn , Allen A. Joy , Carey Peter , Hislop Jennifer , Johnston Louise , Lorrison Kate , McGregor Andrew , O'Leary Rachel A. , Power Michael H. , Wallis Jonathan , Simpson A. John , Greystoke Brigit 
Published: April 2019

Reason for the studyTo standardize the use of flow cytometry for classifying hematological malignancies and make the results reliable and reproducible across laboratories, the EuroFlow™ Consortium published a comprehensive specification of antibody‐fluorochrome conjugates, standard protocols, and algorithms for analysis. The BD OneFlow™ system builds on, and further standardizes, the EuroFlow protocols. We aimed to assess the effects on safety, efficiency, and costs for laboratories of adopting the BD OneFlow reagent tubes (LST and B‐CLPD T1) for diagnosing chronic lymphocytic leukemia.MethodsWe compared in‐house laboratory processes and results with those using the LST and B‐CLPD T1 reagent tubes with, and without, blood film morphology. Outcome measures included concordance in classification results, and efficiency within the laboratory, that is, resource usage, staff time, unwanted events, and cost‐consequences.ResultsThere was 100% concordance between the classifications made with in‐house flow cytometry and those with the BD OneFlow reagent tubes. Using BD OneFlow tubes required 13 hours less staff time per month (i.e. for 100 samples) than the in‐house process. Sensitivity analyses explored the effects of uncertainties in the price of the BD OneFlow tubes and the prevalence of CLL and identified the thresholds at which laboratories might expect cost‐savings from adopting the BD OneFlow system. Laboratory and clinical staff considered the BD OneFlow system to be safe and effective.ConclusionsLaboratories adopting the BD OneFlow system for classifying patients with suspected CLL can expect safe, efficient processes that can be cost saving if the discount on the list price, and prevalence of CLL (which will both vary between sites and countries), is within the thresholds suggested by the health economics sensitivity analysis. © 2019 International Clinical Cytometry Society
Developmental trajectories of general and breathing movements in fetal twins
Authors: Tendais Iva , Figueiredo Bárbara , Mulder Eduard J.H. , Lopes Dulcina , Montenegro Nuno 
Published: April 2019

AbstractThis study examined the developmental trajectories of general and breathing movements in fetal twins. Fetal movement patterns were assessed from real‐time ultrasound recordings performed at 12‐15, 20‐23, and 28‐32 weeks of gestation in 42 twin pairs. Results indicated that both general movements and breathing movements followed a curvilinear, inverted U‐shaped curve. Developmental trajectories were unrelated within pairs of twins and were not associated with gestational age at birth and birth weight. However, sex differences were found for general movements with males displaying more time making general movements at 21 weeks and a steeper decline in time spent making general movements during the second half of pregnancy than females. These age‐related changes in fetal movements may reflect CNS development. These findings also suggest that twins’ behavioral development is largely independent of co‐twin development, gestational age at birth, and birth weight, but not of fetal sex.
Hypertriglyceridaemia predicts subsequent long‐term risk of cardiovascular events in Chinese adults: 23‐year follow‐up of the Daqing Diabetes Study
Authors: Wang Jinping , Shen Xiaoxia , He Siyao , An Yali , Gong Qiuhong , Li Hui , Zhang Bo , Shuai Ying , Chen Yanyan , Hu Yinghua , Li Guangwei 
Published: April 2019

AbstractBackgroundLimited information is available on the long‐term risk of cardiovascular disease (CVD) associated with hypertriglyceridaemia (HTG) in the Chinese population. We estimated this risk over a 23‐year period in participants recruited from among those included in the Da Qing Diabetes Study.MethodsA total of 833 Chinese adults including 379 with normal glucose levels and 454 with hyperglycaemia were identified by their oral glucose tolerance in 1986 in Da Qing, China. CVD outcomes were monitored until 2009. Thirty‐four percent (280/833) of the participants had HTG, which was defined as a fasting plasma triglyceride (TG) level ≥ 1.7 mmol/L, at the baseline time point.ResultsOver the 23‐yearfollow‐up period, 149 subjects in the HTG group and 190 subjects in the non‐HTG group (NTG group) experienced their first CVD event, including fatal or nonfatal myocardial infarction (MI) and stroke. The age and sex‐adjusted annual incidence of the first CVD event per 1000 person‐years was 30.23 for the HTG group vs 18.68 for the NTG group. The corresponding rates for MI and stroke were 7.71 vs 3.89 and 19.55 vs 13.98, respectively. After adjusting for confounders, the HTG group had a 28% higher risk of the first CVD event than the NTG group. This association was significant among only the subjects with a serum cholesterol level > 5.7 mmol/L and those with diabetes or impaired glucose tolerance (IGT).ConclusionHGT predicted a substantially higher subsequent long‐term risk of the first CVD event in Chinese adults, especially in those with hypercholesterolaemia and hyperglycaemia.
In situ fabrication of microporous organic network coated capillary column for high resolution gas chromatographic separation of hydrocarbons
Authors: Cui Yuan‐Yuan , Yao Huan , Yang Cheng‐Xiong , Yan Xiu‐Ping 
Published: April 2019

AbstractMicroporous organic networks (MONs) are a new class of porous materials synthesized via Sonogashira coupling reactions between organic building blocks. Here we report an in situ synthesis approach to fabricate MONs coated capillary column for high resolution GC separation of hydrocarbons. The McReynolds constant evaluation reveals the MONs coated capillary is a non‐polar column. The MONs coated capillary column shows good resolution for GC separation of diverse important industrial hydrocarbons such as linear and branched alkanes, alkylbenzenes, pinene isomers, ethylbenzene and styrene, cyclohexane and benzene. The MONs coated capillary column gave a high column efficiency of 1542 plates per meter for hexane and good precision for replicate separations of the selected hydrocarbons with the RSDs of 0.2–0.3, 1.5–3.1, and 1.9–3.3% for retention time, peak height and peak area, respectively. The MONs coated capillary also offered better resolution than commercial Inert Cap‐1 and Inert Cap‐5 capillary columns for hexane and heptane isomers. These results reveal the potential of MONs as novel stationary phases in GC.
Yumen conglomerate ages in the South Ningxia Basin, north‐eastern Tibetan Plateau, as constrained by cosmogenic dating
Authors: Shi Wei , Hu Jianmin , Chen Peng , Chen Hong , Wang Yongchao , Qin Xiang , Zhang Yu , Yang Yong 
Published: April 2019

The South Ningxia Basin, as the outermost Cenozoic basin on the north‐eastern margin of the Tibetan Plateau, is characterized by a series of convex to the north‐east arcuate structural belts. Constraining the final formation time of the belt has been an ongoing focus in geologic research of the Tibetan Plateau. A set of early Pleistocene conglomerates, the Yumen conglomerate, overlying the folded pre‐Quaternary formations are widely distributed throughout the whole basin, and the latest folded formation is the upper Pliocene Ganhegou Formation, marking the termination of folding uplift in the north‐eastern Tibetan Plateau. Based on 1:50,000 geological mapping, a set of early Pleistocene alluvial fan conglomerates overlying the folded Palaeogene–Neogene strata were recognized and agree well with the Yumen conglomerate. Here, the Yumen conglomerate formation ages were determined to be 0.6–1.04 Ma using cosmic nuclide burial dating. Combined with the upper limit age of the latest strata beneath the unconformity with the latest palaeomagnetic age of 2.77 Ma, the crustal shortening event is restricted to the period 2.77–1.04 Ma, indicating that it is the most intense tectonic shortening event along the north‐eastern margin of the Tibetan Plateau.
The role of the T‐N tract in advanced stage tongue cancer
Authors: Tagliabue Marta , Gandini Sara , Maffini Fausto , Navach Valeria , Bruschini Roberto , Giugliano Gioacchino , Lombardi Francesca , Chiocca Susanna , Rebecchi Elisabetta , Sica Eleonora , Tommasino Massimo , Calabrese Luca , Ansarin Mohssen 
Published: April 2019

AbstractBackgroundWe investigated the role of the soft tissue tract between the primary tumor and the neck lymph nodes, the “T‐N tract,” in patients with tongue squamous cell carcinoma at an advanced stage.MethodsWe performed a compartmental tongue surgery in 233 patients. Cumulative incidence of relapses and overall survival curves were compared by T‐N tract involvement. Multivariate Cox proportional hazards models were used to assess the independent role of T‐N tract.ResultsAt 4 years of follow‐up, patients with disease in the T‐N tract experienced a significantly more distant recurrence (40%) than did patients without T‐N tract involvement (22%; P = .02). Multivariate Cox models indicate a significant almost triple risk of distant metastases (hazard ratio [HR], 2.70; 95% CI, 1.01‐7.19; P = .05) and double risk of death (HR, 2.09; 95%CI, 1.13‐3.85; P = .02) in patients with “T‐N tract involvement.”ConclusionsOur data show that the T‐N tract plays an important role in prognosis and survival in patients with tongue cancer.
“Ditch the Study Guide”: Creating Short Films to Analyze Literature Circle Texts
Authors: Marlatt Rick 
Published: April 2019

AbstractImplementation of digital literacies in secondary literature study can result in increased textual engagement and explorations of identity. The author describes the results of practitioner research at a Midwestern U.S. high school in which seniorAPstudents created short films as a way to analyze literature circle texts. The purpose of the study was to understand how video storytelling can support young adult readers’ literary analysis. The author used qualitative content analysis to analyze a focal participant's screenplay and film, as well as his transcribed commentary and interviews. Findings showed that his film reflected analyses that demonstrated engagement with literature, increased appetite for reading, and text‐driven social interaction.
Sodium butyrate suppresses NOD1‐mediated inflammatory molecules expressed in bovine hepatocytes during iE‐DAP and LPS treatment
Authors: Roy Animesh Chandra , Chang Guangjun , Ma Nana , Wang Yan , Roy Shipra , Liu Jing , Aabdin Zain‐Ul , Shen Xiangzhen 
Published: April 2019

AbstractNucleotide oligomerization domain protein‐1 (NOD1), a cytosolic pattern recognition receptor for the γ‐D‐glutamyl‐meso‐diaminopimelic acid (iE‐DAP) is associated with the inflammatory diseases. Very little is known how bovine hepatocytes respond to specific ligands of NOD1 and sodium butyrate (SB). Therefore, the aim of our study was to investigate the role of bovine hepatocytes in NOD1‐mediated inflammation during iE‐DAP or LPS treatment or SB pretreatment. To achieve this aim, hepatocytes separated from cows at ∼160 days in milk (DIM) were divided into six groups: The nontreated control group (CON), the iE‐DAP‐treated group (DAP), the lipopolysaccharide‐treated group (LPS), iE‐DAP with SB group (DSB), LPS with SB group (LSB), and the SB group. Both iE‐DAP and LPS highly increased the expression of both NOD1 and RIPK2, the two key factors for the immune response in hepatocytes. IκBα, NF‐κB/p65, and MAP kinases (ERK, JNK, and p38) were activated through phosphorylation. The activation of NF‐κB and MAPK pathway consequently increased the proinflammatory cytokines, IL‐6, TNF‐α, IL‐8, and IFN‐γ and the chemokines CCL5, CCL20, and CXCL‐10. Both treatments improved iNOS/NOS2 expression. However, iE‐DAP was failed to express acute phase protein SAA3, but HP and LPS HP but SAA3. These ligands also increased LRRK2, TAK1, TAB1, and β‐defensins expression. The SB pretreatment at lower dose restored the function of hepatocytes by suppressing these increased molecules, as HDAC3 was inhibited. The activated NOD1 negatively regulated the expression of FOXA2. Altogether these data suggest an important role of bovine hepatocytes to promote immune responses via NOD1 expression during infection in the liver and a key role of SB to attenuate inflammation.
Conflict, compensation, and plasticity: Sex‐specific, individual‐level trade‐offs in green anole (Anolis carolinensis) performance
Authors: Lailvaux Simon P. , Cespedes Ann M. , Houslay Thomas M. 
Published: April 2019

AbstractTrade‐offs in performance expression occur because animals must perform multiple whole‐organism performance tasks that place conflicting demands on shared underlying morphology. Although not always detectable within populations, such trade‐offs may be apparent when analyzed at the level of the individual, particularly when all of the available data are taken into account as opposed to only maximum values. Detection of performance trade‐offs is further complicated in species where sexual dimorphism drives performance differences between males and females, leading potentially to differing patterns of trade‐offs within each sex. We tested for within‐ and between‐individual trade‐offs among three whole‐organism performance traits (sprint speed, endurance, and bite force) in adult male and female Anolis carolinensis lizards using all of the measured performance data. Sprinting and endurance did not trade‐off among individuals in either sex, but we found a significant negative among‐individual relationship between sprint speed and bite force in females only, likely driven by the mechanical burden of larger than optimal heads imposed on females through intralocus sexual conflict. We also found evidence for marked within‐individual plasticity in male bite force, but no within‐individual trade‐offs between any traits in either sex. These data offer new insight into the sex‐specific nature of performance trade‐offs and plasticity and, ultimately, into the constraints on multivariate performance evolution.
Neutrophil GM-CSF receptor dynamics in acute lung injury
Authors: De Alessandris Silvia , Ferguson G John , Dodd Alison J , Juss Jatinder K , Devaprasad Abhinandan , Piper Siân , Wyatt Owen , Killick Helen , Corkill Dominic J , Cohen E Suzanne , Pandit Aridaman , Radstake Timothy R D J , Simmonds Rosalind , Condliffe Alison M , Sleeman Matthew A , Cowburn Andrew S , Finch Donna K , Chilvers Edwin R 
Published: April 2019

Abstract
GM-CSF is important in regulating acute, persistent neutrophilic inflammation in certain settings, including lung injury. Ligand binding induces rapid internalization of the GM-CSF receptor (GM-CSFRα) complex, a process essential for signaling. Whereas GM-CSF controls many aspects of neutrophil biology, regulation of GM-CSFRα expression is poorly understood, particularly the role of GM-CSFRα in ligand clearance and whether signaling is sustained despite major down-regulation of GM-CSFRα surface expression. We established a quantitative assay of GM-CSFRα surface expression and used this, together with selective anti-GM-CSFR antibodies, to define GM-CSFRα kinetics in human neutrophils, and in murine blood and alveolar neutrophils in a lung injury model. Despite rapid sustained ligand-induced GM-CSFRα loss from the neutrophil surface, which persisted even following ligand removal, pro-survival effects of GM-CSF required ongoing ligand-receptor interaction. Neutrophils recruited to the lungs following LPS challenge showed initially high mGM-CSFRα expression, which along with mGM-CSFRβ declined over 24 hr; this was associated with a transient increase in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF) mGM-CSF concentration. Treating mice in an LPS challenge model with CAM-3003, an anti-mGM-CSFRα mAb, inhibited inflammatory cell influx into the lung and maintained the level of BALF mGM-CSF. Consistent with neutrophil consumption of GM-CSF, human neutrophils depleted exogenous GM-CSF, independent of protease activity. These data show that loss of membrane GM-CSFRα following GM-CSF exposure does not preclude sustained GM-CSF/GM-CSFRα signaling and that this receptor plays a key role in ligand clearance. Hence neutrophilic activation via GM-CSFR may play an important role in neutrophilic lung inflammation even in the absence of high GM-CSF levels or GM-CSFRα expression.
Radial‐Biased Tracking Method to Assess Tissue Displacement in Intravascular Ultrasound Sequences: A Phantom Framework Evaluation
Authors: Grinet Marco A. V. M. , Moraes Matheus Cardoso 
Published: April 2019

ObjectivesWe created and evaluated a pixel‐tracking method capable of accurately identify the displacement of tissue in intravascular ultrasound (IVUS) images.MethodsOur proposed pixel‐tracking method assessed the horizontal and vertical displacement of tissue from a numerical phantom of IVUS sequences. The proposed tracking method is based on a block‐matching framework, comparing 2 distinct frames within a selected region by normalized cross‐correlation. Our method, specialized for IVUS applications, reduced the tracking area by implementing a limiting radius and a radial bias during the search.ResultsThe method was evaluated by using 54 numerical phantom image sequences from 9 distinct arterial models, resulting in different arteries with atherosclerotic plaques under a range of pressures. The ground truth reference coordinates of the tracked tissue were extracted from each numerical phantom sequence. Our results were compared to 8 other methods present in the literature. The mean absolute tracking errors ± SD for our method were 15.56 ± 19.46 and 13.04 ± 13.82 μm for the horizontal and vertical directions, respectively, between 2 subsequent frames, and 162.58 ± 305.93 and 102.22 ± 130.61 μm from lower to higher pressures in the range of 6 frames (n = 42,036).ConclusionsOur application‐specific pixel‐tracking method showed promising results and no statistically significant tracking error (P = .954), comparable to state‐of‐the‐art methods present in the literature. Application‐specific tracking methods have advantages over general methods by turning tissue‐specific behavior into a directional bias in the tracking algorithm.
Oscillating Swelling–Shrinking Dynamics and Diffusive Properties of Weakly Cationic Poly(Aminoalkyl Methacrylate)‐Based Cryogels: Quantifying the Influence of Polymer Network Parameters
Authors: Tanc Beril , Orakdogen Nermin 
Published: April 2019

AbstractThermodynamic properties of swelling equilibria and variability of dynamic response of pH‐sensitive polybases are examined. Poly(aminoalkyl methacrylate)‐based cryogels and hydrogels are prepared in a facile way by crosslinking polymerization of amine functional monomer N,N‐dimethylaminoethyl methacrylate (DMAEMA) in the presence of diethyleneglycol dimethacrylate as crosslinker at temperatures below and above freezing point of polymerization solvent, water, via cryogelation and conventional crosslinking polymerization. The effect of polymerization temperature on swelling characteristics of the prepared polybasic gels is investigated as a function of the gel‐preparation concentration. The overshooting effect is observed during pH‐dependent swelling of poly(N,N‐dimethylaminoethyl methacrylate) (PDMAEMA) hydrogels in acidic medium. Protonation/deprotonation of tertiary amine groups in network‐forming polymer demonstrates critical swelling behavior as pH of the swelling medium increases. Oscillating swelling–shrinking studies are performed and effective diffusion coefficient of water within PDMAEMA cryogel and hydrogel matrices is estimated using the dynamic swelling profiles. The mechanism of cyclic swelling–shrinking process of PDMAEMA cryogels and hydrogels are analyzed to control their pulsatile output patterns in metabolic oscillations. Considering the swelling process occurs through Fickian diffusion mechanism in acidic solutions, polybasic cryogels and hydrogels prepared in this study are thus proposed as good candidates for delivery applications.
Efficient Preparation of Cyclic Olefin Copolymers with Unreacted Double Bonds by Using Thermal Stable Non‐Metallocene Vanadium Catalytic System
Authors: Liu Yi , Xiang Hong‐Xia , Wang Kai‐Ti , Wu Gang , Li You‐Bing 
Published: April 2019

AbstractFive β‐ketoimine vanadium(III) catalysts with promising thermal stability are employed to promote efficient ethylene/dicyclopentadiene (DCPD), ethylene/5‐ethylidene‐2‐norbornene (ENB), and ethylene/5‐vinyl‐2‐norbornene (VNB) copolymerizations, respectively. These vanadium catalysts show high activities toward ethylene/DCPD and ethylene/ENB copolymerization, producing copolymers with high molecular weight and co‐monomer incorporations. By contrast, they exhibit moderate activities toward ethylene/VNB copolymerization and afford copolymers with much lower molecular weight and co‐monomer incorporation. This can be ascribed to less steric hindrance around the pendant vinyl group in VNB. All of the selected catalysts exhibit a single‐site catalytic behavior during the copolymerization. These dienes enchained by vinyl‐type addition via the intra cyclic CC bonds of norbornene and the extra CC bonds are totally maintained as unreacted. Besides, the conversion rates of the monomer, as well as the molecular weight and co‐monomer contents of the copolymers can be effectively regulated by varying the structure of catalysts and the processing parameters.
Rapid Synthesis of Poly(methyl methacrylate) Particles with High Molecular Weight by Soap‐Free Emulsion Polymerization Using Water‐in‐Oil Slug Flow
Authors: Watanabe Takaichi , Karita Kengo , Tawara Koki , Soga Takuya , Ono Tsutomu 
Published: April 2019

AbstractA flow process for the production of poly(methyl methacrylate) (PMMA) particles is proposed by soap‐free emulsion polymerization using a water‐in‐oil (W/O) slug flow in a microreactor. Thin oil films generated around the dispersed aqueous phase of the W/O slug prevent the prepared particles from adhesion to the microchannel wall, enabling the continuous production of PMMA particles without clogging. The effects of the linear flow rate of the slug flow and the addition of ethanol in the dispersed aqueous phase on the polymerization are evaluated. It is found that increasing the linear flow rate of the slug flow or the addition of ethanol in the dispersed aqueous phase results in PMMA particles with high molecular weight (≈1500 kg mol−1) in 20 min reaction time. It is believed that this process would be a promising way to prepare polymer particles with high molecular weight in a short reaction time.
A Highly Crystalline Fluorene‐Based Porous Organic Framework with High Photoluminescence Quantum Yield
Authors: Li Jiawen , Sun Fuxing , Shi Xinli , Ren Hao , Li Meiping , Zhu Guangshan 
Published: April 2019

AbstractUsing 4‐connected pyrene‐based building blocks with D2h
symmetry and 2‐connected fluorene‐based linker with C2v
symmetry, a 2D porous organic framework is obtained via imine condensation, PAF‐130. PAF‐130 has high crystallinity, permanent, and a high photoluminescence quantum yield, which is as high as 29.5% when dispersed in acetonitrile.