bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Fiddler crab bioturbation determines consistent changes in bacterial communities across contrasting environmental conditions
Authors: Booth Jenny Marie , Fusi Marco , Marasco Ramona , Mbobo Tumeka , Daffonchio Daniele 
Published: March 2019

AbstractEcosystem functions are regulated by compositional and functional traits of bacterial communities, shaped by stochastic and deterministic processes. Biogeographical studies have revealed microbial community taxonomy in a given ecosystem to change alongside varying environmental characteristics. Considering that stable functional traits are essential for community stability, we hypothesize that contrasting environmental conditions affect microbial taxonomy rather than function in a model system, testing this in three geographically distinct mangrove forests subjected to intense animal bioturbation (a shared deterministic force). Using a metabarcoding approach combined with sediment microprofiling and biochemistry, we examined vertical and radial sediment profiles of burrows belonging to the pantropical fiddler crab (subfamily Gelasiminae) in three contrasting mangrove environments across a broad latitudinal range (total samples = 432). Each mangrove was environmentally distinct, reflected in taxonomically different bacterial communities, but communities consistently displayed the same spatial stratification (a halo effect) around the burrow which invariably determined the retention of similar inferred functional community traits independent of the local environment.
Fasting apolipoprotein B48 is associated with large artery atherosclerotic stroke: a case-control study
Authors: Tian Jing , Chen Hong , Liu Ping , Wang Chun , Chen Yong 
Published: March 2019

AbstractFasting Apolipoprotein B48 (ApoB48) is reported to be a well surrogate marker for postprandial lipidemia and have been repeatedly associated with cardiovascular disease. However, whether ApoB48 is also a risk factor for ischemic stroke have not been reported. In this study, our object is to explore the relationship between fasting plasma ApoB48 levels and the large artery atherosclerotic (LAA) stroke.A 1:1 age-(±2), gender-matched case-control study was conducted. LAA patients and healthy controls admitted to our center were prospectively recruited. Clinical data were collected and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) was used to measure the fasting plasma ApoB48 levels.A cohort of 234 LAA stroke patients and 234 controls were enrolled. Fasting plasma ApoB48 levels were significantly higher in LAA stroke patients than in controls (4.76(3.46) vs 4.00(2.4), P < 0.001). Conditional multivariable analyses indicated that fasting ApoB48 levels were associated with LAA stroke (odds ratio: 1.18; 95% confidence interval: 1.04–1.35; P = 0.014).Our study indicates that increased fasting plasma ApoB48 may be a risk factor for LAA stroke.
Simultaneous ultraviolet and first near-infrared window absorption of luminescent carbon dots/PVA composite film
Authors: Taspika Melda , Permatasari Fitri Aulia , Nuryadin Bebeh Wahid , Mayangsari Tirta Rona , Aimon Akfiny Hasdi , Iskandar Ferry 
Published: March 2019

The simultaneous UV and first NIR absorption of the CDs/PVA composite could be maintained up to 200 °C, with minimum PL changes.
Methylamine and other simple N-bearing species in the hot cores NGC 6334I MM1–3
Authors: Bøgelund Eva G. , McGuire Brett A. , Hogerheijde Michiel R. , van Dishoeck Ewine F. , Ligterink Niels F. W. 
Published: March 2019

Context. In the search for the building blocks of life, nitrogen-bearing molecules are of particular interest since nitrogen-containing bonds are essential for the linking of amino acids and ultimately the formation of larger biological structures. The elusive molecule methylamine (CH3NH2) is thought to be a key pre-biotic species but has so far only been securely detected in the giant molecular cloud Sagittarius B2.
Aims. We identify CH3NH2 and other simple nitrogen-bearing species involved in the synthesis of biologically relevant molecules towards three hot cores associated with the high-mass star-forming region NGC 6334I, located at a distance of 1.3 kpc. Column density ratios are derived in order to investigate the relevance of the individual species as precursors of biotic molecules.
Methods. High sensitivity, high angular and spectral resolution observations obtained with the Atacama Large Millimeter/ submillimeter Array were used to study transitions of CH3NH2, CH2NH, NH2CHO, and the 13C- and 15N-methyl cyanide (CH3CN) isotopologues, detected towards NGC 6334I. Column densities are derived for each species assuming local thermodynamic equilibrium and excitation temperatures in the range 220–340 K for CH3NH2, 70–110 K for the CH3CN isotopologues and 120–215 K for NH2CHO and CH2NH.
Results. We report the first detections of CH3NH2 towards NGC 6334I with column density ratios with respect to CH3OH of 5.9 × 10−3, 1.5 × 10−3 and 5.4 × 10−4 for the three hot cores MM1, MM2, and MM3, respectively. These values are slightly lower than the values derived for Sagittarius B2 but higher by more than an order of magnitude as compared with the values derived for the low-mass protostar IRAS 16293–2422B. The column density ratios of NH2CHO, 13CH3CN, and CH3C15N with respect to CH3OH are (1.5 – 1.9) × 10−4, (1.0 – 4.6) × 10−3 and (1.7 – 3.0) × 10−3 respectively. Lower limits of 5.2, 1.2, and 3.0 are reported for the CH3NH2 to CH2NH column density ratio for MM1, MM2, and MM3 respectively. These limits are largely consistent with the values derived for Sagittarius B2 and higher than those for IRAS 16293–2422B.
Conclusions. The detections of CH3NH2 in the hot cores of NGC 6334I hint that CH3NH2 is generally common in the interstellar medium, albeit that high-sensitivity observations are essential forthe detection of the species. The good agreement between model predictions of CH3NH2 ratios and the observations towards NGC 6334I indicate a main formation pathway via radical recombination on grain surfaces. This process may be stimulated further by high grain temperatures allowing a lager degree of radical mobility. Further observations with ALMA will help evaluate the degree to which CH3NH2 chemistry depends on the temperature of the grains in high- and low-mass star-forming regions respectively.
Bullöses Pemphigoid unter Pembrolizumab-Therapie eines metastasierten malignen Melanoms
Authors: Troyanova-Slavkova Svetoslava , Schierle Katrin , Beloia Sava-Dorin , Kowalzick Lutz 
Published: March 2019

ZusammenfassungPembrolizumab ist ein monoklonaler Antikörper, der an den PD-1-Rezeptor auf T-Zellen bindet und die Interaktion mit den Liganden PD-L1 und PD-L2 auf Krebszellen hemmt. Pembrolizumab wird zunehmend für die Behandlung von fortgeschrittenen Tumorerkrankungen, v. a. für metastasierte maligne Melanome, aber auch für nichtkleinzelliges Lungenkarzinom, Urothelkarzinom und Nierenkarzinom angewendet. Trotz der beeindruckenden klinischen Wirkungen sind die Checkpoint-Inhibitoren mit einer Reihe von Nebenwirkungen verbunden, die als immunbezogene unerwünschte Ereignisse bekannt sind. Zu den bekannten Nebenwirkungen dieser Therapie gehören neben kutanen Nebenwirkungen wie Hautausschlag auch Müdigkeit, Schilddrüsendysfunktion, immunvermittelte Pneumonitis und Kolitis. Zu den kutanen unerwünschten Ereignissen gehören u. a. Pruritus, lichenoide Dermatitis, Psoriasis sowie blasenbildende Erkrankungen wie bullöses Pemphigoid. Die Nebenwirkungen werden durch die immunoregulatorischen Mechanismen des Medikaments erklärt. Hier berichten wir über den Fall eines 72-jährigen Patienten mit metastasiertem malignem Melanom und Prostatakarzinom als Zweittumor, der unter einer Therapie mit Pembrolizumab rasch sowohl eine stabile Erkrankung des Tumors hatte, aber auch zuerst eine immunvermittelte Pneumonitis und im Verlauf dann auch ein bullöses Pemphigoid entwickelte. Dieser Fall ergänzt die Liste möglicher kutaner Nebenwirkungen einer PD-1-Inhibitor-Therapie.
Herausforderungen in der Immunonkologie
Authors: Shimabukuro-Vornhagen Alexander , Subklewe Marion , von Bergwelt-Baildon Michael 
Published: March 2019

ZusammenfassungMittlerweile haben mehrere unterschiedliche Immuntherapien Eingang in die klinische Routine gefunden – oft mit erstaunlichen Erfolgen. Infolgedessen hat sich die Immunonkologie innerhalb kürzester Zeit als Subspezialität der Onkologie fest etabliert. Damit sie aber ihr volles Potenzial für die Behandlung maligner Erkrankungen entfalten kann, müssen in Zukunft noch einige Hindernisse überwunden werden.
Management of epithelial precancerous conditions and lesions in the stomach (MAPS II): European Society of Gastrointestinal Endoscopy (ESGE), European Helicobacter and Microbiota Study Group (EHMSG), European Society of Pathology (ESP), and Sociedade Portuguesa de Endoscopia Digestiva (SPED) guideline update 2019
Authors: Pimentel-Nunes Pedro , Libânio Diogo , Marcos-Pinto Ricardo , Areia Miguel , Leja Marcis , Esposito Gianluca , Garrido Monica , Kikuste Ilze , Megraud Francis , Matysiak-Budnik Tamara , Annibale Bruno , Dumonceau Jean-Marc , Barros Rita , Fléjou Jean-François , Carneiro Fátima , van Hooft Jeanin , Kuipers Ernst , Dinis-Ribeiro Mario 
Published: March 2019

Main RecommendationsPatients with chronic atrophic gastritis or intestinal metaplasia (IM) are at risk for gastric adenocarcinoma. This underscores the importance of diagnosis and risk stratification for these patients. High definition endoscopy with chromoendoscopy (CE) is better than high definition white-light endoscopy alone for this purpose. Virtual CE can guide biopsies for staging atrophic and metaplastic changes and can target neoplastic lesions. Biopsies should be taken from at least two topographic sites (antrum and corpus) and labelled in two separate vials. For patients with mild to moderate atrophy restricted to the antrum there is no evidence to recommend surveillance. In patients with IM at a single location but with a family history of gastric cancer, incomplete IM, or persistent Helicobacter pylori gastritis, endoscopic surveillance with CE and guided biopsies may be considered in 3 years. Patients with advanced stages of atrophic gastritis should be followed up with a high quality endoscopy every 3 years. In patients with dysplasia, in the absence of an endoscopically defined lesion, immediate high quality endoscopic reassessment with CE is recommended. Patients with an endoscopically visible lesion harboring low or high grade dysplasia or carcinoma should undergo staging and treatment. H. pylori eradication heals nonatrophic chronic gastritis, may lead to regression of atrophic gastritis, and reduces the risk of gastric cancer in patients with these conditions, and it is recommended. H. pylori eradication is also recommended for patients with neoplasia after endoscopic therapy. In intermediate to high risk regions, identification and surveillance of patients with precancerous gastric conditions is cost-effective.
Effect of Adjuvant Homeopathy with Usual Care in Management of Thrombocytopenia Due to Dengue: A Comparative Cohort Study
Authors: Nayak Debadatta , Chadha Vishal , Jain Shruti , Nim Priyanka , Sachdeva Jyoti , Sachdeva Garima , Vivekanand Kumar , Khurana Anil , Raheja Sunil M. , Manchanda Raj K. 
Published: March 2019

Background Dengue is an emerging threat to public health. At present, no clear modalities are available for the prevention and management of thrombocytopenia due to dengue. This article reports the clinical outcomes of integrative homeopathic care in a hospital setting during a severe outbreak of dengue in New Delhi, India, during the period September to December 2015.
Methods Based on preference, 138 patients received a homeopathic medicine along with usual care (H+UC), and 145 patients received usual care (UC) alone. Assessment of thrombocytopenia (platelet count < 100,000/mm3) was the main outcome measure. Kaplan–Meier analysis enabled comparison of the time taken to reach a platelet count of 100,000/mm3.
Results There was a statistically significantly greater rise in platelet count on day 1 of follow-up in the H+UC group compared with UC alone (mean difference = 12,337; 95% confidence interval [CI], 5,421 to 19,252; p = 0.001). This trend persisted until day 5 (mean difference = 14,809; 95% CI, 1,615 to 28,004; p = 0.02). The time taken to reach a platelet count of 100,000/mm3 was nearly 2 days earlier in the H+UC group compared with UC alone (H+UC: 3.44 days ± standard error of the mean [SEM] 0.18; 95% CI, 3.08 to 3.80; UC: 5.28 days ± SEM 0.29; 95% CI, 4.71 to 5.86; p < 0.001).
Conclusion These results suggest a positive role of adjuvant homeopathy in thrombocytopenia due to dengue. Randomized controlled trials may be conducted to obtain more insight into the comparative effectiveness of this integrative approach.
PFG acted as an inducer of premature senescence in TIG-1 normal diploid fibroblast and an inhibitor of mitosis in the HeLa cells
Authors: Huang Ying , Ohno Osamu , Miyamoto Kenji 
Published: March 2019

ABSTRACTOur previous work has reported an anti-proliferative compound from moutan cortex, paeoniflorigenone which can induce cancer-selective apoptosis. However, its anti-proliferative mechanism is still unknown. According to morphology changes (hypertrophy and flattening), we hypothesized that PFG can induce senescence or inhibit cell mitosis. Here we show that PFG can induce cellular senescence, evidenced by the expression of senescence-associated β-galactosidase, G0/G1 cell cycle arrest and permanent loss of proliferative ability, in normal TIG-1 diploid fibroblast but not cancerous HeLa cells. In cancerous HeLa cells, PFG inhibited proliferation by inducing S and G2/M cell cycle arrest and mitosis inhibition. DNA damage response was activated by PFG, interestingly the reactive oxygen species level was suppressed instead of escalated. To sum up, we report 3 new roles of PFG as, 1. inducer of premature senescence in normal TIG-1 cells, 2. inhibitor of mitosis in cancerous HeLa cells, 3. ROS scavenger.Abbreviations: PFG: Paeoniflorigenone; ROS: reactive oxygen species; ATM: ataxia telangiectasia mutated; t-BHP: tert-butyl hydroperoxide; SA-β-gal: senescence-associatedβ-galactosidase; DNA-PKcs: DNA-dependent protein kinase; γ-H2AX: H2AX phosphoryla-tion at Ser-139
Norlichexanthone produced by cultured endolichenic fungus induced from Pertusaria laeviganda and its antioxidant activity
Authors: Kawakami Hiroko , Suzuki Chihiro , Yamaguchi Haruka , Hara Kojiro , Komine Masashi , Yamamoto Yoshikazu 
Published: March 2019

ABSTRACT
Endolichenic fungi, nonobligate microfungi that live in lichen, are promising as new bioresources of pharmacological compounds. We found that norlichexanthone isolated from the endolichenic fungus in Pertusaria laeviganda exhibited high antioxidant activity. Norlichexanthone produced by endolichenic fungus had the antioxidant activity with same level of ascorbic acid. This is the first report of high antioxidant activity of norlichexanthone.
Abbreviations: AAPH: 2,2ʹ-azobis (2-methylpropionamidine) dihydrochloride; DPPH: 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl; FL: fluorescein sodium salt; HPLC-PDA: high-performance liquid chromatography with photodiode array; LC-ESI-MS: liquid chromatography with electrospray ionization mass spectrometry; ORAC: oxygen radical absorbance capacity; PB: phosphate buffer; ROS: reactive oxygen species; TLC: thin-layer chromatography
The Trail from Fukushima
Authors: Bernas Harry 
Published: March 2019

Abstract
In this reflection on the origin of the nuclear disaster at Fukushima, the author shows that it was not an “unexpected catastrophe” but the result of a historical process. Moreover, it had been predicted. The danger, publicized for years, was ignored or denied by the authorities and operator. Why was it allowed to occur? The focus is on human, rather than technical, reasons.
PyFeat: a Python-based effective feature generation tool for DNA, RNA and protein sequences
Authors: Muhammod Rafsanjani , Ahmed Sajid , Md Farid Dewan , Shatabda Swakkhar , Sharma Alok , Dehzangi Abdollah 
Published: March 2019

Abstract

Motivation
Extracting useful feature set which contains significant discriminatory information is a critical step in effectively presenting sequence data to predict structural, functional, interaction and expression of proteins, DNAs and RNAs. Also, being able to filter features with significant information and avoid sparsity in the extracted features require the employment of efficient feature selection techniques. Here we present PyFeat as a practical and easy to use toolkit implemented in Python for extracting various features from proteins, DNAs and RNAs. To build PyFeat we mainly focused on extracting features that capture information about the interaction of neighboring residues to be able to provide more local information. We then employ AdaBoost technique to select features with maximum discriminatory information. In this way, we can significantly reduce the number of extracted features and enable PyFeat to represent the combination of effective features from large neighboring residues. As a result, PyFeat is able to extract features from 13 different techniques and represent context free combination of effective features. The source code for PyFeat standalone toolkit and employed benchmarks with a comprehensive user manual explaining its system and workflow in a step by step manner are publicly available.

Results
https://github.com/mrzResearchArena/PyFeat/blob/master/RESULTS.md.

Availability and implementation
Toolkit, source code and manual to use PyFeat: https://github.com/mrzResearchArena/PyFeat/

Supplementary information
Supplementary data are available at Bioinformatics online.
Greening the common agricultural policy: a behavioural perspective and lab-in-the-field experiment in Germany
Authors: Thomas Fabian , Midler Estelle , Lefebvre Marianne , Engel Stefanie 
Published: March 2019

Abstract
This study investigates the behavioural economic underpinnings of current policy approaches to integrate environmental objectives into the Common Agricultural Policy. We conduct an economic lab-in-the-field experiment with farmers in Germany. We analyse the impact of the following policy design features on farmers’ decisions to adopt sustainable agricultural practices: (i) framing of the policy: whether farmers perceive themselves as being part of the problem or the solution, (ii) degree of control: mandatory vs. voluntary policy and (iii) framing of incentives as either losses or gains. All policy designs tested result in a significant increase in hectares conserved compared to a baseline scenario without policy. Also, behavioural factors do significantly affect farmers’ behaviour at the individual level. Only framing is found to significantly affect policy effectiveness.
Exhibitions, patents, and innovation in the early twentieth century: evidence from the Turin 1911 International Exhibition
Authors: Domini Giacomo 
Published: March 2019

AbstractThis paper investigates the relevance for innovation of international exhibitions. While the first of these events, i.e., London’s 1851 Great Exhibition, was an “exhibition of innovations,” many of the subsequent ones, following the model of industrial exhibitions developed in France, did not select exhibits based on novelty. In fact, they displayed a large spectrum of products, ranging from machines to primary products. Therefore, the suitability of data from their catalogs for proxying innovation, and their relationship to the traditional patent measure, should be better qualified. To do so, this paper performs an in-depth analysis of the Turin 1911 international exhibition, a medium-sized representative “French-model” exhibition. It matches a new database, built from the catalog of this event, with patents granted in Italy, revealing substantial differences. Furthermore, it evaluates how inventors could use the exhibition to promote their ideas, establish their reputation, and develop their career.
A new unbiased minimum variance observer for stochastic LTV systems with unknown inputs
Authors: Meyer Luc , Ichalal Dalil , Vigneron Vincent 
Published: March 2019

Abstract
This paper is devoted to the state and input estimation of a linear time varying system in the presence of an unknown input (UI) in both state and measurement equations, and affected by Gaussian noises. The classical rank condition used in this kind of approach is relaxed in order to be able to be used in a wider range of systems. A state observer, that is an unbiased estimator with minimum error variance, is proposed. Then a UI observer is constructed, in order to be a best linear unbiased estimator, it follows a unique construction whether the direct feedthrough matrix is null or not. In a sense the proposed approach, generalizes and unifies the existing ones. Besides, a stability result is given for linear time invariant systems, which is a novelty for unbiased minimum variance observers relaxing the classical rank condition.
Integrating Refugee Children and Youth: A Scoping Review of English and German Literature
Authors: Pritchard Paul , Maehler Débora B , Pötzschke Steffen , Ramos Howard 
Published: March 2019

AbstractThe United Nations High Commission for Refugees reports that more than half of the 65 million refugees and displaced people identified worldwide are under the age of 18. For this reason, researchers, practitioners and policymakers need to understand the consequences of forced migration on the integration of refugee children and youth in receiving countries. A first step to do that is to scope out the state of current research on these issues and identify possible gaps. To that end, the article offers a scoping review of peer-reviewed English and German academic articles on refugee children and youth’s integration over a 20-year period. The review finds: little consensus on the definitions of ‘children’ or ‘youth’; most studies focus on girls and boys that are between 12 and 19 years old; there is a focus on refugees landing in developed countries; and there is a lack of longitudinal and quantitative studies.