bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The Mutual Relationship between Marketing and Society
Authors: ÇİÇEK Mesut 
Published: January 2019

After the emergence
of marketing as a discipline in the early 1900’s, the scope of marketing
experienced a constant change and development. However, the researchers have
not yet arrived at a conclusion about the scope of marketing. When the debates
on the scope of marketing is analyzed, it may be seen that the relationship
between the social issues and marketing is one of the issues at the core. In
this context, the present study aims to analyze the relationship between
society and marketing from different perspectives such as macromarketing, social
marketing, social exchange and consumer behavior. Based on the evaluation of
the relevant literature, it is suggested that the definition of marketing
should be made from the social perspective, for the concepts of marketing and society
are indispensable for each other. Thus,
society is crucial for the marketing and vice versa. The relationship between
the two is essential for enhancing the quality of life and making the world
more liveable.
Uluslararası Çerçevelere Göre 21.Yüzyıl Becerileri ve Eğitim Sisteminde Kazandırılması
Authors: CANSOY Ramazan 
Published: January 2019

Bu çalışmada öncelikle farklı kurum ve
kuruluşlar tarafından çerçevesi çizilen ve bireylerin edinmeleri gerekli 21.Yüzyıl
becerileri ortaya konulmuştur. Ardından 21.Yüzyıl becerilerinin eğitim sistemi
içinde öğrencilere nasıl kazandırılabileceği incelenmiştir. Bu bağlamda
incelenen farklı rapor, doküman ve araştırmalara göre 21.Yüzyıl becerilerinin
temel beceriler ve okuryazarlık becerileri boyutlarında güçlü biçimde tartışıldığı
görülmüştür. Temel beceriler eleştirel
düşünme, problem çözme, yenilikçilik ve yeni fikirler üretme, iş birliği ve
iletişim, liderlik, kültürler arası ve küresel farkındalık niteliklerine vurgu
yapmaktadır. Okuryazarlık becerileri ise Bilgi ve iletişim teknolojileri (BİT)
okuryazarlığı, Bilgi okuryazarlığı, Temel içerik bilgisine ilişkin okuryazarlık
(Ana dil, sanat, ekonomi, coğrafya, vatandaşlık, Matematik ve fen
okuryazarlığı), sağlık, çevre ve finansal okuryazarlık niteliklerine vurgu
yapmaktadır. Bu becerilerin eğitim sistemi içinde kazandırılabilmesine yönelik
zihniyet dönüşümü, farkındalık oluşturma, öğretmen niteliklerini geliştirme ve eğitim
programlarında düzenlemeler gibi önerilerde bulunulmuştur.
Farklı Kan Grupları Nekrotizan Enterokolit Gelişimini Etkiler Mi?
Authors: TAYMAN Cüneyt , ÇAKIR Ufuk 
Published: January 2019

Amaç: Nekrotizan
enterokolit (NEK) prematüre bebeklerde intestinal nekroz ile karakterize, ciddi
morbidite ve mortalite ile sonuçlanan bir hastalıktır. Prematürelik dışında
kesin patogenezi aydınlatılamamıştır. Erişkin çalışmalarında kan grupları ile
bazı hastalıklar ilişkilendirilmiştir. Çalışmamızda çok düşük doğum ağırlıklı
(ÇDDA) prematürelerde kan grupları ile NEK arasındaki ilişkiye bakılması
amaçlanmıştır.

Gereç ve yöntem: Çalışmamız
retrospektif hasta veri kayıtlarından 1 Ocak 2011 - 31 Mayıs 2018 tarihleri
arasında 3. düzey yenidoğan yoğun bakım ünitesinde yapıldı. Çalışmaya gebelik haftası (GH) &lt;32 hafta
ve doğum ağırlığı (DA) &lt;1500 g olan yenidoğanlar çalışmaya dahil edildi. Kan grupları O, A, B,
AB olarak 4 ayrı gruba ek olarak, O kan grubu ve O kan grubu dışı (A,B,AB) ile
A kan grubu ve A kan grubu dışı (O,B,AB) olmak üzere gruplara ayrıldı. Evre ≥2 (Bell
sınıflandırmasına göre) NEK vakaları NEK grubuna alındı.

Bulgular: Çalışmaya toplam 1785
ÇDDA prematüre bebek dahil edildi. Genel NEK oranı %2,1 olarak bulundu.
Nekrotizan enterokolit (evre ≥2) oranları O kan grubunda %2,1, A kan grubunda
%2,1, B kan grubunda %2,3 ve AB kan grubunda %2,8 olarak bulundu. Dört kan grubu NEK
açısından karşılaştırıldığında istatistiksel olarak anlamlı fark tespit
edilmedi (p=0,967).

Sonuç: Prematürelerde önemli
morbidite ve mortalite nedeni olan NEK etiyolojik neden halen tartışmalıdır.
Altta yatan çoklu etmenlere nedeniyle olduğu ifade edilmektedir. Çalışmamızda,
literatürde ilk kez NEK ile kan grubu arasındaki ilişkiye bakılmış olup,
herhangi bir kan grubunun NEK açısından risk teşkil etmediği bulunmuştur.
Effect of Nitrogen Fertilizer and Clipping Times on Forage Quality of Two Fenugreek (Trigonellafoenum-graecum) Varieties under Rainfed Condition of Sulaimani Region
Authors: Muhammed Sanarya 
Published: January 2019

A field experiment was laid out at College of Agricultural Sciences University of Sulaimani, during the winter season of 2014 – 2015 to study the effect of nitrogen fertilizer and clipping times on forage quality of two fenugreeks (Trigonellafoenum-graecum L.) varieties under rainfed condition using split-split plots based on randomized complete block design (RCBD) with 3 replications. Two varieties of Fenugreek (Mithe and EP 101) were allotted in the main plots and two levels of nitrogen fertilizer (0 and 40 kg/ha) in subplots and two clipping times as sub-sub-plots were investigated. The results indicated to significant effect of varieties on some quality traits (Protein, Digestible, protein and NDF) % only, EP101 variety recorded the highest percent of Protein and NDF (27.54 and 26.97) % respectively,while the highest Digestible Protein trait, the maximum percent was 83.42% exhibited by Mithe variety, while minimum value (83.04%) was obtained by EP101 variety. The nitrogen fertilizer affected significantly on (Fiber, ADF, NDF, ADL, K P) % and (Ca, Mg) % only. The highest values of them were (4.619, 14.56, 27.47, 3.140, 4.294 , 0.438) % and (0.272 and 0.210)% which were recorded from treatments N40 and N0 respectively, .The effect of clipping times on all forage quality traits was significant except (Fat, Ash, Ca and P)% which were not significant, first clipping time exhibited maximum percent of (Protein, DP, Fiber and Mg) which were (27.86%, 85.02%, 4.118%, and 0.213%) respectively, but the traits (ADF%, NDF%, Lignin%, ADL% and K%), recorded the highest values (16.89%, 28.12%, 1.663% 3.752% and 4.249%) respectively at second clipping time. The interaction among verities, nitrogen and clipping time affected only on protein, fat and Mg%.
Slope Stability of Darbendikhan Dam Site and Near Surroundings. A Reconnaissance Study, Kurdistan Region, NE Iraq
Authors: Sissakian Varoujan , Sdiq Sakar , Haris Govar 
Published: January 2019

Darbendikhan Dam is constructed on the Sirwan (Diyala) River during 1955- 1961. The dam is of earth fill type with concrete spill ways and gates for electric power generation. The dam axis is almost E – W with both left and right abutments being constructed within the Gercus Formation, which consists of red clastics with more claystones. The Gercus Formation is overlain by the Pila Spi Formation that consists of hard to very hard, well bedded carbonates. The Pila Spi Formation is overlain by the Fatha Formation that consists of thick reddish brown claystones alternated with thin gypsum and limestone beds. Both Gercus and Fatha formations form steep to very steep slopes on upstream and downstream, respectively. All the slopes on the dam site and near surroundings suffer from different types of mass movements with different sizes. Some of them are old and dormant; others are recent and active exhibiting geological hazards, which may cause large loss of human life and the existing properties and infrastructure. We studied the slopes using different types of satellite images with different resolutions and conducted field trips to the dam site to collect data. We recommended some precautions to make the slopes more stable.
Role of air way stenting (Duman- silica stent) in benign stricture trachea management
Authors: Grandhi Kiran , Gali Jayasri Helen , P. R. Kokiwar 
Published: January 2019

Background: Tracheal strictures are known to recur after dilatation, so they need stenting to prevent recurrence. The objective was to study role of air way stenting (Duman- silica stent) in benign stricture trachea management.Methods: A hospital based prospective study was carried out among 15 cases (as these cases are very rare, author could study only 15 cases) presented with various clinical features suggestive of tracheal strictures. They were examined and managed by putting tracheal stent for up to eight months period. All cases were followed at regular intervals till 14months after the stent was placed. The outcome was studied.Results: The tracheal strictures have been found to be more in the age group of 25-30 years. The male to female ratio was 4:1 i.e. for everyone female case there were four male cases. Thus, the tracheal strictures have been more common among the males compared to the females. All of the patients presented with severe stridor, breathing difficulty, and poor exercise tolerance. Most common cause of tracheal stricture was prolonged mechanical ventilatory support >8 days due to organo phosphorus poisoning in past 3months and all of them were males. All cases had good outcome at the end of 14months of follow up. All cases had normal findings. No one developed foreign body reaction, nor did no one develop granuloma formation at the stent site. After stent removal flexible bronchoscopy repeated after 3rd month and 6th month.Conclusions: Tracheal stenting is very useful procedure in the management of air way strictures.
MAPEAMENTO DA OFERTA DE CURSOS E VAGAS DOS PROGRAMAS DE RESIDÊNCIA EM ENFERMAGEM NA BAHIA
Authors: Silva Rosana Maria de Oliveira , Souza Rebeca Santos do Amaral de , Silva Lázaro Souza da , Cordeiro Ana Lúcia Arcanjo Oliveira , Santos Olga Maria Brito dos , Fernandes Josicélia Dumêt 
Published: January 2019

<p>Objetivo: mapear a oferta de cursos e vagas dos programas de residência multiprofissional e em área profissional da saúde em enfermagem na Bahia. Método: estudo documental, quantitativo, cujas fontes de dados foram 15 editais de processo seletivo para programas de residência em enfermagem que descreveram as variáveis ano, número de programa, áreas de concentração, vagas, instituições de ensino superior vinculada e modalidade dos programas. A coleta deu-se de 15 a 19 de janeiro de 2018. Resultados: foram identificadas 566 vagas distribuídas entre 19 áreas de concentração e ofertadas por oito instituições de ensino. No ano de 2014 houve a maior oferta de vagas 107 (18,9%), em 2015 houve queda considerável de 57,9% no número dessas vagas. Conclusão: os programas de residência multiprofissional expandiram-se em decorrência de reformulações das políticas de saúde e dos incentivos à formação de recursos humanos especializados, no entanto vem ocorrendo redução na oferta de vagas.<br />Descritores: Especialização. Internato não Médico. Educação. Ensino. Enfermagem</p><p> </p>
MOTIVOS PARA ESCOLHA DA PROFISSÃO DE ENFERMEIRO ENFERMEIRO E SUAS RELAÇÕES COM A IDENTIDADE PROFISSIONAL
Authors: Santos Rayanne Branco dos , Coelho Brito Maria Da Conceição , De Araújo Dias Maria Socorro , Fernandes Marília Campos , De Sousa Caroline Ribeiro , Da Silva Victor Matheus 
Published: January 2019

<p>Objetivo: identificar os motivos dos discentes de enfermagem para escolher o curso de enfermagem Método: estudo exploratório descritivo de caráter quanti-qualitativo, ocorrido entre os anos de 2015 e 2016. Participaram do estudo 100 discentes do curso de enfermagem. Para coleta de dados, utilizou-se um instrumento semiestruturado. A análise de dados foi realizada por meio da estatística descritiva simples e análise temática. Resultados: os discentes (55%) prestaram vestibular para outro curso, além de enfermagem; desses, 52,7% tentaram para o curso de Medicina. Conclusão: os motivos dos discentes de enfermagem para escolher o curso de enfermagem foram aptidão pessoal e acesso ao mercado de trabalho. <br />Descritores: Educação em Saúde. Escolha da Profissão. Desenvolvimento de Pessoal. Enfermagem.</p>
The Comparison of the Global Surgery Fees and the Actual Cost in Two Educational Hospitals Affiliated to Tehran University of Medical Sciences
Authors: Rashidian Arash , Radinmanesh Maryam , Afshari Mahnaz , Arab Mohammad , Shahinfar Zahra 
Published: January 2019

Background: Global surgeries include ninety operations in the common surgical procedures, with the annual fixed fees; which the insurance companies pay hospitals accordingly. The aim of this study was to compare the global fees to these surgeries’ real costs and to investigate the affecting factors in two teaching hospitals affiliated to Tehran University of Medical Sciences.
Methods: This longitudinal retrospective descriptive-analytic study was conducted on all hospital records with global surgeries in three months in 2012 to 2013in two educational hospitals affiliated to Tehran University of Medical Sciences.Data were collected using the researcher’s –made checklist and extracted from the HIS (Hospital Information System). SPSS, EXCEL, and STATA software were used to analyze the data and to obtain the difference between the recorded costs and global fees.
Results: The global fees were less than the recorded costs in both hospitals. The recorded costs in hospital B were much less than hospital A for the same surgeries. In hospital B, costs have been reduced for some surgeries in 2013comparedto 2012 by reducing the patients’ length of stay and time management.
Conclusion: Fees in the referral hospitals of Tehran University, which usually involve complicated patients, should be determined more accurately. However, this study suggested that hospitals can greatly reduce the cost of global surgeries throughclinical and cost management.

Keywords: Global surgery, Hospital, Fee
Performance Evaluation of Hormozgan University of Medical Sciences (HUMS) hospitals based on Pabon Lasso Model
Authors: Baniasadi Tayebeh , Khorrami Farid , Jebraeily Mohamad , Khamzade Fahime , Kisomi Fateme Ghovvati 
Published: January 2019

Background: Hospitals need a system for evaluating and monitoring performance for promotion the efficiency and effectiveness of their services and outcomes. Pabon Lasso model is a graphical chart that can be used to identify the current status and performance level of hospitals by combining hospital indicators, simultaneously. Therefore, this study aimed to evaluate the performance of Hormozgan University of Medical Sciences (HUMS) hospitals during a six-year period using this model.
Methods: This descriptive study includes all teaching and non-teaching hospitals affiliated with the HUMS. After gathering the required information related to three indices: Bed Occupancy Rate, Bed Turnover Rate and Average Length of Stay for the years 2009 to 2014 from the statistical systems and yearbooks, the situation of hospitals in terms of indices by drawing Pabon Lasso graphical charts using SPSS version 16, were analyzed.
Results: The results showed that during a six-year period, on average, 26 percent of hospitals were placed in zone I, that is the inefficient area, 28 percent in zone II, 30 percent in zone III which is an efficient area of the model and 16% in zone IV of the Pabon Lasso model.
Conclusion: The findings indicated that the utilization of hospitals beds is relatively desirable. Periodic monitoring of province centers and determining their status in the model, and also, performance assessment from another dimension is suggested in order to achieve more comprehensive and more accurate results.

Keywords Hospital Performance, Productivity Evaluation, Indicators Monitoring, Pabon Lasso Model
The study of the Relationship between Social Capital and Entrepreneurship Behavior of Faculty Members of Qazvin University of Medical Sciences in 2017
Authors: Rafiei Sima , Mohebibar Rafat , Nejad Bahman Ahadi , Nisari Nadia 
Published: January 2019

Background: Social capital has an important role in empowering entrepreneurship activities and performance improvement inhuman resources. This study aimed to examine the relationship between social capital and entrepreneurship behavior of academic members of Qazvin University of Medical Sciences in 2018.
Methods: The present study is a descriptive cross-sectional method conducted among all faculty members working in Qazvin University of Medical Sciences in 2018. In order to collect study data, two standard questionnaires including social capital scale (Nahapiet & Goshal 1998) and entrepreneurial behavior (Leon Daes Zamptakis and Vasiliss Mustakis 2007) were used. Data were analyzed using descriptive and analytical statistical methods in SPSS version 20.
Results: The results of the study showed that social capital and entrepreneurial behavior had a desirable condition. Furthermore, these two variables were statistically correlated (P-value < 0.05).
Conclusion: Promoting the level of social capital in academic environments has significant benefits and a positive impact on entrepreneurial behaviors of academic members of the university. Therefore, managers should strengthen this key element in their organizations to upgrade their professional job performance.

Key words: Social Capital, Entrepreneurial Behavior, Faculty Member of the University.
ANÁLISE DA QUALIDADE MICROBIOLÓGICA DE PASTÉIS FRITOS COMERCIALIZADOS POR LANCHONETES E AMBULANTES NO CENTRO DE ITABUNA, BAHIA
Authors: SANTOS Ingrid Silva , LIMA Marcio Amorim Tolentino , CARVALHO Lucas Ribeiro 
Published: January 2019

<p>Considerando-se que o acesso à alimentação segura constitui condição básica para a saúde humana, este trabalho teve como objetivo analisar a qualidade microbiológica dos pastéis fritos com recheios de carne e frango, comercializados em lanchonetes e por ambulantes no centro de Itabuna-BA no período de março a abril de 2015. Foram realizadas contagens totais de microrganismos aeróbios mesófilos, enterobactérias, coliformes totais, coliformes termotolerantes, <em>Escherichia coli</em> e estafilococos coagulase positiva (<em>Staphylococcus aureus</em>) de acordo com os métodos presentes na American Public Health Association (APHA), 4ª Edição do <em>Compendium of Methods for the Microbiological Examination of Foods. </em>Foi observado maior crescimento de microrganismos aeróbios mesófilos nas amostras comercializadas por ambulantes móveis devido ao armazenamento à temperatura ambiente que favoreceu melhores condições à proliferação microbiana. Verificou-se que todas as amostras apresentaram condições sanitárias satisfatórias e estavam de acordo com o padrão legal vigente para coliformes a 45ºC, constituindo o processo de fritura fator responsável por reduzir a contaminação proveniente da confecção dos pastéis. No entanto, 1 (5%) amostra de pastel de frango apresentou estafilococos coagulase positiva acima do permitido pela ANVISA, na RDC nº 12 de janeiro de 2001, indicando que produto estava em condições sanitárias insatisfatórias e impróprio o para o consumo humano. Portanto, entre os problemas verificados na qualidade microbiológica dos pastéis fritos, a contaminação pós-fritura, devido às práticas higiênicas inadequadas dos manipuladores, foi identificada como o principal fator contribuinte à insalubridade do alimento.</p>
RESPOSTA DE PACIENTES HIPERTENSOS SOB TRATAMENTO MEDICAMENTOSO DE ACORDO COM OS NÍVEIS PRESSÓRICOS
Authors: OLIVEIRA Ludmilla Maria De Oliveira e , ARAÚJO Guilherme Barbosa de Souza , FERREIRA Jorge Otávio Gonçalves , FERRAS Vinícius Gonçalves , CARVALHO Carlos Rubens Ponchini , SILVA Denise Aparecida Da 
Published: January 2019

<p>Introdução: Análises pregressas evidenciam o baixo percentual de controle da pressão arterial (PA) em indivíduos hipertensos sob tratamento medicamentoso. O objetivo desta pesquisa foi avaliar a PA de pacientes sob tratamento farmacológico. Metodologia: A pesquisa foi realizada nas Unidades de Saúde da Família do município de Itaperuna - RJ., durante os meses de fevereiro a julho de 2017. Resultados: Foram avaliados 215 pacientes (60% do sexo feminino e 40% do sexo masculino) com idade média de 59,79 ± 12,64 anos sendo 61,86% brancos, 24,19% negros e 13,95% pardos. A maioria possuía ensino fundamental incompleto (39,07%) e se encontrava na classe D (37,21%) conforme a classificação socioeconômica. A maioria dos pacientes (62,33%) encontrava-se sob tratamento com mais de um medicamento anti-hipertensivo. As principais classes de medicamentos anti-hipertensivos verificadas no tratamento dos pacientes incluíram os betabloqueadores (46,51%) seguidos dos BRA (40,93%) e diuréticos (39,53%). Os níveis pressóricos dos pacientes variaram de 110 a 220 mmHg para a PAS e de 60 a 140 mmHg para a PAD, sendo que 33,02% dos pacientes apresentaram níveis pressóricos superiores ao limite de normalidade. Conclusões: Os medicamentos mais usados no tratamento e controle da HAS não são os mais eficazes atualmente e um número expressivo de pacientes sob tratamento não apresenta níveis pressóricos normalizados, em especial aqueles sob tratamento com dois medicamentos anti-hipertensivos. A pesquisa deixa clara a necessidade de melhor acompanhamento dos pacientes pelos profissionais de saúde quanto à resposta à terapia medicamentosa a fim de que se possa realmente prevenir danos maiores em órgãos-alvo. </p>
Discovering Learning Style with Active Music Education Practices
Authors: Aycan Kıvanç 
Published: January 2019

This study was carried out to investigate the relation between active music education methods and learning style (LS) preferences of Erciyes University, Faculty of Fine Arts, music department students. The aim of the research is to discover primarily the LSs of participants. A test used with the participants that consisting of three categories and 20 questions, and identified with visual, auditory, kinesthetic, tactile LSs that they used online, were applied. A structured interview form has been implemented to understand the test data in depth. The results imply participants indicated that if active music education methods are applied, they will be more dominant and will teach more easily. Students who indicated that they were a system that affected LSs expressed a system of disciplined, prescriptive and active music education methods or individual examples in their immediate surroundings. Students who indicated that they did not have an affected system indicated the negative effects of their environment.

Keywords: Elementary music, dun and dun learning styles, MAXQDA 11+.
THE AGGREGATE APPROACH TO THE PERIODIZATION OF THE FORMATION OF THE PHARMACOVIGILANCE SYSTEM
Authors: Krasheninnikov A. Е. 
Published: January 2019

The aimof this article is to systematize the known data based on facts relating to the formation of the global pharmacovigilance system, and its further use for the periodization development of the selected social institution.Materials and methods. The development of the periodization of the historical development of the world pharmacovigilance system was carried out using the systematic, epistemological, historical descriptive methods, as well as using the method of generalization.Results.The results of the study made it possible to identify a number of stages in the global development and institutionalization of pharmacovigilance.Conclusion.The carried out research confirmed that the aggregate approach applied to the global genesis of the world pharmacovigilance system is an effective scientific and methodological technique that contributes to the development of a new level of application and systematization of knowledge about pharmacovigilance as a complex institution, conglomerating in-house science and practical interstate activity.