bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Implementing STEADI in Academic Primary Care to Address Older Adult Fall Risk
Authors: Eckstrom Elizabeth , Parker Erin M , Lambert Gwendolyn H , Winkler Gray , Dowler David , Casey Colleen M 
Published: March 2018

Abstract

Background and Objectives
Falls are the leading cause of injury-related deaths in older adults. Objectives include describing implementation of the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention’s Stopping Elderly Accidents, Deaths, and Injuries (STEADI) initiative to help primary care providers (PCPs) identify and manage fall risk, and comparing a 12-item and a 3-item fall screening questionnaire.

Design and Methods
We systematically incorporated STEADI into routine patient care via team training, electronic health record tools, and tailored clinic workflow. A retrospective chart review of patients aged 65 and older who received STEADI measured fall screening rates, provider compliance with STEADI (high-risk patients), results from the 12-item questionnaire (Stay Independent), and comparison with a 3-item subset of this questionnaire (three key questions).

Results
Eighteen of 24 providers (75%) participated, screening 773 (64%) patients over 6 months; 170 (22%) were high-risk. Of these, 109 (64%) received STEADI interventions (gait, vision, and feet assessment, orthostatic blood pressure measurement, vitamin D, and medication review). Providers intervened on 85% with gait impairment, 97% with orthostatic hypotension, 82% with vision impairment, 90% taking inadequate vitamin D, 75% with foot issues, and 22% on high-risk medications. Using three key questions compared to the full Stay Independent questionnaire decreased screening burden, but increased the number of high-risk patients.

Discussion and Implications
We successfully implemented STEADI, screening two-thirds of eligible patients. Most high-risk patients received recommended assessments and interventions, except medication reduction. Falls remain a substantial public health challenge. Systematic implementation of STEADI could help clinical teams reduce older patient fall risks.
$H_{2}$
model order reduction based on gramians of discrete-time bilinear systems
Authors: Li Yan-peng , Jiang Yao-lin 
Published: March 2018

Abstract
In this paper, on the basis of gramians, $H_{2}$-optimal model order reduction of discrete-time bilinear dynamic systems is investigated. First, based on the reachability gramian and the observability gramian, the $H_{2}$-optimal necessary conditions of the discrete-time bilinear system are derived and the corresponding algorithm is proposed. When the algorithm is convergent, the resulting reduced system satisfies the necessary conditions. Then, for the single-input and single-output system, the $H_2$-optimal necessary conditions based on the generalized cross gramian are presented and the related algorithm is accordingly generated. Similarly, the convergent algorithm can make the reduced system satisfy the necessary conditions. Finally, two numerical examples are employed to illustrate the effectiveness of the proposed methods.
Plancherel Distribution of Satake Parameters of Maass Cusp Forms on GL3
Authors: Buttcane Jack , Zhou Fan 
Published: March 2018

Abstract
We prove an equidistribution result for the Satake parameters of Maass cusp forms on $\operatorname{GL}_{3}$ with respect to the p-adic Plancherel measure by using an application of the Kuznetsov trace formula. The techniques developed in this paper deal with the removal of arithmetic weight $L(1,F,\operatorname{Ad})^{-1}$ in the Kuznetsov trace formula on $\operatorname{GL}_{3}$.
Bridging the Gaps by Including the Police Officer Perspective? A Study of the Design and Implementation of an RCT in Police Practice and the Impact of Pracademic Knowledge
Authors: Magnusson Mia-Maria 
Published: March 2018

Abstract
One means of advancing police research is to examine the implementation of studies conducted in the field of police practice. The design and implementation of experiments in police practice is complex because they require the two often separate worlds of research and practice to work together. One way to move forward towards evidence-based policing would be to bridge the gap between research and practice, while also bridging the gap between practice and policy. This article analyses how a randomized controlled trial was designed and implemented in the field of drug policing in Sweden. The analysis is done by comparing the drug enforcement trial to the experimental guidelines presented by Sherman (2010) and by exploring survey responses provided by participating police officers. The study identifies three themes with special relevance for the pracademic perspective; frustration, credibility, and officer perspective. The study concludes that the involvement of pracademic researchers may facilitate better communication between practitioners and police management, enhance evaluation, and improve the chances of changing police practice.
Anti-Money Laundering Law in India: A ‘Glocalization’ Model
Authors: Narayan Shannu 
Published: March 2018

Abstract
The move towards harmonization of International Anti-Money Laundering (AML) regimes has attained importance during the last two decades and has been almost universally adopted by the international community. Member States of the United Nations, and Inter-governmental Organizations like the Financial Action Task Force (FATF), have criminalized money laundering, and many of them have set up specialized agencies to combat it. Money laundering is the life blood of all transnational crimes. Illicit/illegitimate money is integrated and reinvested into the legitimate financial system, which in turn facilitates commission of further transnational crimes. The term ‘glocalization’ describes the locally embedded nature of transnational crime. India’s AML law regime is a perfect example of adopting a glocalization model which is manifested through various amendments carried out to the principal Act to align it with international standards and policies.
Genome-Based Discovery of Polyketide-Derived Secondary Metabolism Pathways in the Barley PathogenRamularia collo-cygni
Authors: Dussart F. , Douglas R. , Sjökvist E. , Hoebe P. N. , Spoel S. H. , McGrann G. R. D. 
Published: March 2018

Ramularia collo-cygni causes Ramularia leaf spot (RLS) disease of barley. The fungus develops asymptomatically within its host until late in the growing season, when necrotic lesions become visible on upper leaves. Fungal secondary metabolites (SM) have been proposed as important factors in RLS lesion formation but the biosynthetic pathways involved remain largely unknown. Mining the R. collo-cygni genome revealed the presence of 10 polyketide synthases (PKS), 10 nonribosomal peptide synthetases (NRPS), and 3 hybrid PKS-NRPS (HPS) identified within clusters of genes with predicted functions associated with secondary metabolism. SM core genes along with their predicted transcriptional regulators exhibited transcriptional coexpression during infection of barley plants. Moreover, their expression peaked during early stages of host colonization and preceded or overlapped with the appearance of disease symptoms, suggesting that SM may manipulate the host to promote colonization or protect R. collo-cygni from competing organisms. Accordingly, R. collo-cygni inhibited the growth of several fungi in vitro, indicating that it synthesized and excreted antifungal agents. Taken together, these findings demonstrate that the R. collo-cygni genome contains the genetic architecture to synthesize a wide range of SM and suggests that coexpression of PKS and HPS is associated with competitive colonization of the host and early symptom development.[Formula: see text] Copyright © 2018 The Author(s). This is an open access article distributed under the CC BY 4.0 International license .
The Management of Critically Colonized and Locally Infected Leg Ulcers with an Acid-Oxidizing Solution: A Pilot Study
Authors: Strohal Robert , Mittlböck Martina , Hämmerle Gilbert 
Published: March 2018

ABSTRACT

OBJECTIVE:
Critical colonization or local infection is very common in chronic wounds, but clinically problematic. Because therapeutic options for these conditions are limited in number and efficacy, the study authors tested a new acid-oxidizing solution (AOS [Nexodyn]; APR Applied Pharma Research S.A., Balerna, Switzerland) to determine its ancillary antimicrobial properties and potential support for wound healing.

DESIGN AND SETTING:
This open-label clinical case series was conducted with a prospective, single-arm design at the Federal County Hospital in Bregenz, Austria.

PATIENTS:
In the study, 30 patients with critically colonized or locally infected chronic leg ulcers of any origin were included.

INTERVENTIONS:
The AOS was applied on each leg ulcer at every dressing change for 35 days.

MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES:
The tolerability and performance of the AOS were assessed by evaluating the ulcer characteristics and comparing them with those at baseline. The clinical course of wounds was analyzed using standard measures for bioburden, local infection, pain, pH, and wound healing.

MAIN RESULTS:
Application of the solution was well tolerated, and no adverse events were recorded. In all patients, local infection was overcome, and wound bed pH and wound area decreased significantly. In addition, patient pain levels decreased to a level where interventions were not required after study day 7. In 37% of all patients, a complete resolution of chronic ulcers was achieved by the end of the study period.

CONCLUSION:
According to these results, the AOS seems to be a valid and highly tolerable treatment to support wound healing in locally infected ulcers. Nevertheless, larger controlled cohort studies are needed to substantiate these findings.
Prevalence of Preoperative Lower Urinary Tract Symptoms in Patients Undergoing Elective Lumbar Spine Surgery
Authors: Lieberman Elizabeth G. , Boone Ryan M. , Radoslovich Stephanie , Haj Valentina , Hiratzka Jayme , Marshall Lynn M. , Yoo Jung U. 
Published: March 2018

Study Design.
Cross-sectional cohort study.

Objective.
To determine the prevalence of moderate-to-severe lower urinary tract symptoms (LUTS) in patients undergoing elective lumbar spine surgery, and to describe associations between prevalence, severity of symptoms, demographic variables, and spine pathology.

Summary of Background Data.
The prevalence of LUTS is unknown in patients with lumbar spine disease. Furthermore, the extent of LUTS severity and the relationship between spine pathology and LUTS is not well documented.

Methods.
We used the validated International Prostate Symptom Score (IPSS) to assess LUTS severity among elective lumbar spine surgery patients from October 2015 to April 2017 at a single academic institution. Moderate-to-severe LUTS was defined as IPSS score of 8 or more. The IPSS also includes a question to assess urinary bother, for which a score of 4 or more indicates clinically significant bother. Prevalence estimates and 95% confidence intervals were computed in the sample overall, and according to sex, age, and lumbar spine diagnosis.

Results.
IPSS data were obtained from 373 patients (97% of those eligible) undergoing elective lumbar spine surgery. Moderate-to-severe urinary symptoms were reported by 46% of these patients, and by 51% of women and 42% of men. Prevalence of moderate-to-severe urinary symptoms increased with age, rising from 38% in patients younger than 40 years to 57% in patients 70 years or older. LUTS prevalence according to spondylolisthesis, stenosis, scoliosis, and herniated nucleus pulposus diagnostic groups were 51%, 50%, 50%, and 31%, respectively. Clinically significant urinary bother was reported by 14% overall, 10% of men, and 18% of women, and prevalence also increased with age.

Conclusion.
Moderate-to-severe LUTS were highly prevalent in this sample. Urinary symptoms are more prevalent with increasing age, in women, and in patients with stenosis, spondylolisthesis, and scoliosis. Proportionally, fewer patients reported clinically significant urinary bother, which may impact patient reporting and physician identification of urinary symptoms.

Level of Evidence: 3
SILICONE MICROTUBE–ASSISTED SCLERAL FIXATION OF A POSTERIOR CHAMBER INTRAOCULAR LENS
Authors: Kataoka Takuya , Kamei Motohiro 
Published: March 2018

Purpose:
To report a novel technique for intrascleral fixation of a posterior chamber intraocular lens using a silicone microtube to manipulate the haptics into position.

Methods:
Intrascleral fixation was performed in six eyes and the results evaluated in this retrospective case series. A silicone microtube with a 0.2-mm external diameter was passed from a sclerocorneal incision through the chamber and a sclerotomy made using a 30-gauge needle. The tips of the intraocular lens haptics were connected to the silicone microtube outside the eye. After the intraocular lens was injected into the posterior chamber, the haptics were drawn through the scleral incision through their attachment to the silicone microtube.

Results:
The mean postoperative corrected visual acuity was 0.62 logarithm of the minimum angle of resolution (20/43) with a mean refraction error of −0.06 ± 0.4 diopter, which did not differ significantly (P = 0.53) from the expected value. The postoperative complications included transient ocular hypotension, vitreous hemorrhage, and choroidal detachment.

Conclusion:
Our technique using a silicone microtube reduces the number of intraocular procedures compared with previous methods using forceps or needles for moving the intraocular lens haptics from the posterior chamber to the outside through sclerotomies.
OPTICAL COHERENCE TOMOGRAPHY ANGIOGRAPHY OF ACUTE MACULAR NEURORETINOPATHY REVEALS DEEP CAPILLARY ISCHEMIA
Authors: Nemiroff Julia , Sarraf David , Davila Juan Pablo , Rodger Damien 
Published: March 2018

Purpose:
To present the multimodal retinal imaging findings, including optical coherence tomography (OCT) angiography, of an atypical case of acute macular neuroretinopathy (AMN).

Methods:
The multimodal retinal imaging findings, including structural OCT and OCT angiography, of an atypical case of AMN are presented.

Results:
A 23-year old woman, with a history of an unrelenting sinusitis treated with prednisone therapy and decongestants, presented with an acute scotoma of the right eye. Structural OCT illustrated an area of hyperreflectivity in the outer plexiform and outer nuclear layers nasal to the fovea, with associated disruption of the inner segment ellipsoid band consistent with AMN. At the 2-week follow-up visit, intraretinal fluid was noted with repeat OCT, with spontaneous resolution of the fluid at the 2-month follow-up visit. Optical coherence tomography angiography illustrated a flow void in the deep retinal capillary plexus associated with the AMN lesion.

Conclusion:
Atypical findings of AMN are presented in this case report including the presence and spontaneous resolution of intraretinal fluid. Although OCT angiography illustrated a flow deficit within the deep retinal capillary plexus, the cause of AMN remains elusive.
Comparison of the Lubricity and Surface Roughness of 5 Cosmetic Contact Lenses
Authors: Lau Charis , Tosatti Samuele , Mundorf Michelle , Ebare Kingsley , Osborn Lorenz Kathrine 
Published: March 2018

Objectives:
Cosmetic contact lenses are increasingly popular because of their eye enhancing cosmetic benefits. The pigment particles used in these lenses can impact lens surface characteristics. This article examines the surface characteristics and the differences between the clear and the pigmented regions among five limbal ring design lenses.

Methods:
Scanning electron microscopy was used to determine the location and depth of the pigment particles from the lens surface. The coefficient of friction (CoF) was determined with a Basalt-MUST microtribometer at clear and pigmented regions on either the front or the back surface. Atomic force microscopy was used to determine the surface roughness of each lens in root-mean-square (RMS) units at clear and pigmented regions. A linear mixed model for repeated measures was used for the analysis of the CoF and RMS roughness to compare all lenses.

Results:
Four lens types had pigments exposed on the surface and one lens type had pigment fully enclosed. The CoF difference between clear and pigmented regions were similar and not statistically significant (P=0.0124) for the lens type with pigments enclosed, whereas the CoF difference for the other four lens types showed statistically significant difference (P<0.0001).

Conclusions:
Of the lenses tested here, cosmetic contact lenses with pigments enclosed in the lens matrix provided a more consistent surface between clear and pigmented regions compared with lenses that had exposed pigments.
Comparative transcriptome profiling of the human and mouse dorsal root ganglia: an RNA-seq–based resource for pain and sensory neuroscience research
Authors: Ray Pradipta , Torck Andrew , Quigley Lilyana , Wangzhou Andi , Neiman Matthew , Rao Chandranshu , Lam Tiffany , Kim Ji-Young , Kim Tae Hoon , Zhang Michael Q. , Dussor Gregory , Price Theodore J. 
Published: March 2018

Abstract
Molecular neurobiological insight into human nervous tissues is needed to generate next-generation therapeutics for neurological disorders such as chronic pain. We obtained human dorsal root ganglia (hDRG) samples from organ donors and performed RNA-sequencing (RNA-seq) to study the hDRG transcriptional landscape, systematically comparing it with publicly available data from a variety of human and orthologous mouse tissues, including mouse DRG (mDRG). We characterized the hDRG transcriptional profile in terms of tissue-restricted gene coexpression patterns and putative transcriptional regulators, and formulated an information-theoretic framework to quantify DRG enrichment. Relevant gene families and pathways were also analyzed, including transcription factors, G-protein-coupled receptors, and ion channels. Our analyses reveal an hDRG-enriched protein-coding gene set (∼140), some of which have not been described in the context of DRG or pain signaling. Most of these show conserved enrichment in mDRG and were mined for known drug–gene product interactions. Conserved enrichment of the vast majority of transcription factors suggests that the mDRG is a faithful model system for studying hDRG, because of evolutionarily conserved regulatory programs. Comparison of hDRG and tibial nerve transcriptomes suggests trafficking of neuronal mRNA to axons in adult hDRG, and are consistent with studies of axonal transport in rodent sensory neurons. We present our work as an online, searchable repository (https://www.utdallas.edu/bbs/painneurosciencelab/sensoryomics/drgtxome), creating a valuable resource for the community. Our analyses provide insight into DRG biology for guiding development of novel therapeutics and a blueprint for cross-species transcriptomic analyses.
The Incidence of Cranial Arteriovenous Shunts in Patients With Pulsatile Tinnitus: A Prospective Observational Study
Authors: in ’t Veld Matthijs , Fronczek R. , de Laat J. A. , Kunst Henricus P. M. , Meijer Frederick J. A. , Willems Peter W. A. 
Published: March 2018

Objectives:
Finding the underlying cause for pulsatile tinnitus can be challenging. We aimed to determine the incidence of arteriovenous shunts, i.e., arteriovenous malformations (AVMs) or dural arteriovenous fistulas (dAVFs), in patients referred for catheter angiography (digital subtraction angiography [DSA]). Furthermore, we assessed which clinical features were predictive for the presence of such a lesion.

Study Design and Methods:
Fifty-one patients with pulsatile tinnitus, who were referred to us for DSA to exclude an arteriovenous shunt, were enrolled, prospectively.

Main Outcome Measures:
DSA determined the presence of a dAVF or AVM. Clinical characteristics were recorded systematically and all patients underwent a physical examination.

Results:
Fifty patients were included in the final analyses. While no AVMs were found, a dAVF was found in 12 cases (24%). Three of these demonstrated cortical venous reflux, thus requiring treatment due to the risk of hemorrhage. In three cases (6%), DSA demonstrated a non-arteriovenous-shunt abnormality, likely causing the tinnitus. The odds of having a dAVF were significantly raised by unilaterality, objective bruit, and the ability to influence the tinnitus with compression. Unilaterality even had a negative predictive value of 1 and, if used as selection criterion, would have raised dAVF prevalence from 24 to 32%.

Conclusion:
In a tertiary care setting, the prevalence of dAVFs in patients with pulsatile tinnitus is not negligible. Thus, patients with unilateral pulsatile tinnitus should be offered dynamic vascular imaging to rule out a dAVF. Especially, since some of these patients are at risk of intracranial hemorrhage and treatment options exist.
Taste Changes in Patients With Middle Ear Surgery by Intraoperative Manipulation of Chorda Tympani Nerve
Authors: Choi Nayeon , Ahn Jungmin , Cho Yang-Sun 
Published: March 2018

Objectives:
The aim of study was to evaluate the subjective changes of taste and salivation after middle ear surgery according to chorda tympani nerve (CTN) injury.

Study design:
Prospective cohort study.

Setting:
Tertiary referral center.

Patients:
We enrolled 180 patients older than 13 years old who received middle ear surgery.

Interventions:
The patients were classified into cut, manipulated, and intact groups according to intraoperative assessments of the CTN. The patients responded taste and salivation surveys preoperatively, and 1, 3, and 6 months postoperatively.

Main Outcome Measures:
We analyzed results of questionnaires including disturbance rates, severity and character to evaluate taste and salivation functions.

Results:
Taste disturbance rate was significantly improved in all groups during follow-up (p < 0.05). The incidence of taste disturbance did not differ significantly between the three groups at each follow-up (p > 0.05). The taste disturbance score improved gradually in the cut and intact groups (p < 0.001), but not in the manipulated group (p = 0.067). Among the patients with taste disturbance, hypoguesia was most common symptom. Incidence of salivation disturbance did not differ between the three groups (p = 0.298). However, this symptom improved significantly only in the intact group (p < 0.001). The taste and salivation disturbance rate was not different between patients with and without chronic otitis media at 3 and 6 months, and both groups showed significant improvement.

Conclusions:
Prevalence of taste and salivation disturbance was similar between three groups until 6 months. However, taste disturbance did not improve in the manipulated group and salivation disturbance improved only in the intact group.
Motor Dysfunction as a Risk Factor for Conversion to Psychosis Independent of Medication Use in a Psychosis-Risk Cohort
Authors: Masucci Michael D. , Lister Amanda , Corcoran Cheryl M. , Brucato Gary , Girgis Ragy R. 
Published: March 2018

Abstract
The Structured Interview for Psychosis-Risk Syndromes (SIPS) contains criteria for the Attenuated Positive Symptom Syndrome (APSS), a period of subthreshold positive symptoms that predates full-blown psychosis. Motor abnormalities are often associated with these symptoms but have not been adequately studied. We assessed a diverse sample of 192 APSS participants (27.1% female; 47.9% white; mean age = 20.03 years) for motor dysfunction (SIPS G.3. score) at baseline and conversion to psychosis every 3 months for up to 2 years. Fifty-nine (30.7%) participants converted to psychosis. Baseline G.3. score was significantly higher among converters than nonconverters (mean difference = 0.66; t[95.929] = 2.579, p < 0.05). No significant differences in baseline G.3. were found between demographic groups or those with differential medication use. These results point to the use of G.3. as a potential predictor of psychosis among APSS individuals and potentially implicate the shared biological underpinnings of motor dysfunction in the APSS and full-blown psychotic illnesses.