bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Eigenvector-based community detection for identifying information hubs in neuronal networks
Authors: Clark Ruaridh , Macdonald Malcolm 
Published: October 2018

AbstractEigenvectors of networked systems are known to reveal central, well-connected, network vertices. Here we expand upon the known applications of eigenvectors to define well-connected communities where each is associated with a prominent vertex. This form of community detection provides an analytical approach for analysing the dynamics of information flow in a network. When applied to the neuronal network of the nematode Caenorhabditis elegans, known circuitry can be identified as separate eigenvector-based communities. For the macaque’s neuronal network, community detection can expose the hippocampus as an information hub; this result contradicts current thinking that the analysis of static graphs cannot reveal such insights. The application of community detection on a large scale human connectome (~1.8 million vertices) reveals the most prominent information carrying pathways present during a magnetic resonance imaging scan. We demonstrate that these pathways can act as an effective unique identifier for a subject’s brain by assessing the number of matching pathways present in any two connectomes.Author summaryThe dynamic response of a network to stimulus can be understood by investigating that system’s eigenvectors. The eigenvectors highlight the most prominent nodes; those that are either a major source or destination for information in the network. Moreover by defining a coordinate system based on multiple eigenvectors, the most prominent communities can be detected with the most prominent node detected alongside those in the community that funnel information towards it. These methods are applied to a variety of brain networks to highlight the circuitry present in a flatworm (Caenorhabditis elegans), the macaque and human subjects. Static graphs representing the connectomes are analysed to provide insights that were previously believed to only be detectable by numerically modelling information flow. Finally, we discovered that brain networks created for human subjects at different times can be identified as belonging to the same subject by investigating the similarity of the prominent communities.
How biological agents can couple neural task modules for dealing with the stability-plasticity dilemma
Authors: Verbeke Pieter , Verguts Tom 
Published: October 2018

AbstractWe provide a novel computational framework on how biological and artificial agents can learn to flexibly couple and decouple neural task modules for cognitive processing. In this way, they can address the stability-plasticity dilemma. For this purpose, we combine two prominent computational neuroscience principles, namely Binding by Synchrony and Reinforcement Learning. The model learns to synchronize task-relevant modules, while also learning to desynchronize currently task-irrelevant modules. As a result, old (but currently task-irrelevant) information is protected from overwriting (stability) while new information can be learned quickly in currently task-relevant modules (plasticity). We combine learning to synchronize with several classical learning algorithms (backpropagation, Boltzmann machines, Rescorla-Wagner). For each case, we demonstrate that our combined model has significant computational advantages over the original network in both stability and plasticity. Importantly, the resulting models’ processing dynamics are also consistent with empirical data and provide empirically testable hypotheses for future MEG/EEG studies.Author summaryArtificial and biological agents alike face a critical trade-off between being sufficiently adaptive to acquiring novel information (plasticity) and retaining older information (stability); this is known as the stability-plasticity dilemma. Previous work on this dilemma has focused either on computationally efficient solutions for artificial agents or on biologically plausible frameworks for biological agents. What is lacking is a solution that combines computational efficiency with biological plausibility. Therefore, the current work proposes a computational framework on the stability-plasticity dilemma that provides empirically testable hypotheses on both neural and behavioral levels. In this framework, neural task modules can be flexibly coupled and decoupled depending on the task at hand. Testing this framework will allow us to gain more insight in how biological agents deal with the stability-plasticity dilemma.
SNP2SIM: A modular workflow for standardizing molecular simulation and functional analysis of protein variants
Authors: McCoy Matthew D. , Shivakumar Vikram , Nimmagadda Sridhar , Jafri Mohsin Saleet , Madhavan Subha 
Published: October 2018

AbstractMolecular simulations are used to provide insight into protein structure and function, and have the potential to provide important context when predicting the impact of sequence variation on protein function. In addition to understanding molecular mechanisms and interactions on the atomic scale, translational applications of those approaches include drug screening, development of novel molecular therapies, and treatment planning when selecting targeted therapies. Supporting the continued development of these applications, we have developed the SNP2SIM workflow generates reproducible molecular dynamics and molecular docking simulations for downstream functional variant analysis. Three modules execute molecular dynamics simulations of solvated protein variant structures, analyze the resulting trajectories for unique structural conformations, and bind small molecule ligands to representative variant scaffolds. In addition to availability as a command line workflow, SNP2SIM modules are also available as individual apps on the Seven Bridges Cancer Genomics Cloud.
CCA1 and ATAF2 differentially suppress cytochrome P450-mediated brassinosteroid inactivation in Arabidopsis
Authors: Peng Hao , Neff Michael M. 
Published: October 2018

AbstractBrassinosteroids (BRs) are a group of steroid hormones regulating plant growth and development. Since BRs do not undergo transport among plant tissues, their metabolism is tightly regulated by transcription factors (TFs) and feedback loops. BAS1 (CYP734A1, formerly CYP72B1) and SOB7 (CYP72C1) are two BR-inactivating cytochrome P450s identified in Arabidopsis thaliana. We previously found that a TF ATAF2 (ANAC081) suppresses BAS1 and SOB7 expression by binding to the Evening Element (EE) and CCA1-binding sites (CBS) on their promoters. Both EE and CBS are known binding targets of the core circadian clock regulatory protein CCA1. Here, we confirm that CCA1 binds the EE and CBS motifs on BAS1 and SOB7 promoters, respectively. Elevated accumulations of BAS1 and SOB7 transcripts in the CCA1 null mutant cca1-1 indicate that CCA1 is a repressor of their expression. When compared to either cca1-1 or the ATAF2 null mutant ataf2-2, the cca1-1 ataf2-2 double mutant shows higher SOB7 transcript accumulations and stronger BR-insensitive phenotype of hypocotyl elongation in white light. CCA1 interacts with ATAF2 at both DNA-protein and protein-protein levels. ATAF2, BAS1 and SOB7 are all circadian-regulated with distinct expression patterns. These results demonstrate that CCA1 and ATAF2 differentially suppress BAS1- and SOB7-mediated BR inactivation.HighlightThe core circadian regulator CCA1 is a direct repressor of brassinosteroid inactivating genes BAS1 and SOB7, and interact with another repressor, ATAF2. Their differential suppressing effects are regulated by light.Abbreviations3-aminotriazole (3-AT), brassinolide (BL), brassinosteroid (BR), CCA1-binding site (CBS), cytochrome P450 (P450), Evening Element (EE), transcription factor (TF), yeast one-hybrid (Y1H), yeast two-hybrid (Y2H)
The major innovations of Chinese economic development theories in the new era
Authors: Hong Yinxing 
Published: October 2018

Purpose
At present, the Chinese economy has entered the “new normal” phase with the transformation of development stages from the low-income to the middle-income ones. Accordingly, there appear a series of innovations in development theories. Innovations involve creative destructions. Therefore, innovative development theories at the present stage either deny the prevailing principles of development economics, or deny the theories that once effectively guided development at the low-income stage, or even sublate some of the development polices which were propelled and proved effective at the beginning of the reform and opening-up. The fundamental reason is that, as the development stages evolve, there occur new development tasks, new periodical characteristics and new laws of development. The paper aims to discuss these issues.

Design/methodology/approach
Any development theory from abroad will find it difficult to correctly guide and clarify development problems in a socialist country, such as the huge population and the extreme imbalance between the urban and the rural and among regional developments.

Findings
In conclusion, China, as a large world economy, has made innovations in its economic development theory, which indicates that it intends to perfect itself rather than seek hegemony. As the world’s second largest economy, China should adapt to the transformation and further free people’s minds instead of adhering to the old patterns of thinking. It should think over the path of development for a great world economy from the historical starting point of a large world economy and find development strategies to transform itself from a large economy to a great economy, so as to realize the dream of the Chinese nation to build a powerful country.

Originality/value
Only political economy studies both the relations of production and the productive forces, and only a theory combining both can correctly guide China’s economic development, which especially needs to be promoted by taking advantage of socialist economic system. Therefore, the first and foremost principle for a socialist political economy with Chinese characteristics is to insist on liberating and developing productive forces.
High-order quasi-conforming triangular Reissner-Mindlin plate element
Authors: Wang Changsheng , Sun Xiaoxiao , Zhang Xiangkui , Hu Ping 
Published: October 2018

PurposeA higher-order Reissner-Mindlin plate element method is presented based on the framework of assumed stress quasi-conforming method and Hellinger-Reissner variational principle. A novel six-node triangular plate element is proposed by utilizing this method for the static and free vibration analysis of Reissner-Mindlin plates.Design/methodology/approachFirst, the initial assumed stress field is derived by using the fundamental analytical solutions which satisfy all governing equations. Then the stress matrix is treated as the weighted function to weaken the strain-displacement equations after the strains are derived by using the constitutive equations. Finally, the arbitrary order Timoshenko beam function is adopted as the string-net functions along each side of the element for strain integration.FindingsThe proposed element can pass patch test and is free from shear locking and spurious zero energy modes. Numerical tests show that the element can give high-accurate solutions, good convergence and is a good competitor to other models.Originality/valueThis work gives new formulations to develop high-order Reissner-Mindlin plate element, and the new strategy exhibits advantages of both analytical and discrete methods.
Towards personalized medicine: the evolution of imperceptible health-care technologies
Authors: Tasnim Farita , Sadraei Atieh , Datta Bianca , Khan Mina , Choi Kyung Yun , Sahasrabudhe Atharva , Vega Gálvez Tomás Alfonso , Wicaksono Irmandy , Rosello Oscar , Nunez-Lopez Carlos , Dagdeviren Canan 
Published: October 2018

Purpose
When wearable and implantable devices first arose in the 1970s, they were rigid and clashed dramatically with our soft, pliable skin and organs. The past two decades have witnessed a major upheaval in these devices. Traditional electronics are six orders of magnitude stiffer than soft tissue. As a result, when rigid electronics are integrated with the human body, severe challenges in both mechanical and geometrical form mismatch occur. This mismatch creates an uneven contact at the interface of soft-tissue, leading to noisy and unreliable data gathering of the body’s vital signs. This paper aims to predict the role that discreet, seamless medical devices will play in personalized health care by discussing novel solutions for alleviating this interface mismatch and exploring the challenges in developing and commercializing such devices.

Design methodology/approach
Since the form factors of biology cannot be changed to match those of rigid devices, conformable devices that mimic the shape and mechanical properties of soft body tissue must be designed and fabricated. These conformable devices play the role of imperceptible medical interfaces. Such interfaces can help scientists and medical practitioners to gain further insights into the body by providing an accurate and reliable instrument that can conform closely to the target areas of interest for continuous, long-term monitoring of the human body, while improving user experience.

Findings
The authors have highlighted current attempts of mechanically adaptive devices for health care, and the authors forecast key aspects for the future of these conformable biomedical devices and the ways in which these devices will revolutionize how health care is administered or obtained.

Originality/value
The authors conclude this paper with the perspective on the challenges of implementing this technology for practical use, including device packaging, environmental life cycle, data privacy, industry partnership and collaboration.
Natural convective cooling of electronics contained in tilted hemispherical enclosure filled with a porous medium saturated by water-copper nanofluid
Authors: Baïri Abderrahmane , Bauzin Jean-Gabriel , Martín-Garín Alexander , Alilat Nacim , Millán-García José Antonio 
Published: October 2018

Purpose
The purpose of this study is to determine the thermal behavior of a hemispherical electronic device contained in a concentric hemispherical enclosure, cooled by means of free convection through a porous medium saturated with a water–copper nanofluid. Influence of various parameters on the thermal state of this device is processed in this work. The high power generated by the dome leads to a Rayleigh number varying in the 5.2 × 107-7.29 × 1010 range. The volume fraction of the monophasic nanofluid varies between 0 (pure water) and 10 per cent while the base of the hemispherical cavity (disc) is inclined between 0° (horizontal disc with dome facing upward) and 180° (horizontal disc with dome facing downward).

Design/methodology/approach
The three-dimensional numerical approach is carried out by means of the volume control method associated to the SIMPLE algorithm.

Findings
The work shows that the average temperature of the active component increases with the Rayleigh number according to a conventional law of the power type. The increase in the angle of inclination also goes with a systematic rise in the average temperature. However, increasing the ratio of the solid–fluid thermal conductivities decreases the average temperature of the component, given the respective contributions of the conductive and natural convective phenomena occurring through the nanofluid saturated porous media. The values of this ratio vary in this work between 0 (interstice between the two hemispheres without porous medium) and 70.

Originality/value
The correlation proposed in this work allows to calculate the temperature of the active electronic component for all the combinations of the four influence parameters which vary in wide ranges.
Study on enzyme washing process of hemp organic cotton blended fabric
Authors: Guo Ya , Sun Zhenhua , Guo Xiaoqing , Zhou Yanfen , Jiang Liang , Chen Shaojuan , Ma Jianwei 
Published: October 2018

PurposeAt present, the enzyme washing process is widely used in hemp garment in the industry. However, it has many disadvantages. First, it is inefficient and labor-intensive, which can only be produced in small quantities and will take much time for workers to check. Second, its cost is high. The strength loss of the garment is up to 20 percent, with a bad damage. Presently, the enzyme washing process of the gray fabric is not industrialized. The purpose of this paper is to obtain a stable and efficient process for the enzyme washing of the gray fabric.Design/methodology/approachThe whiteness, weight loss rate, strength, dyeing property and fabric style of enzyme washed gray fabrics were studied.FindingsThe results showed that the enzyme treated fabric has soft handle, smooth surface, good elasticity and high levelness, as well as low strength reduction rate under the optimized condition of bath ratio of 1:12, cellulase dosage of 0.3 percent, pectinase dosage of 1 g/L, treatment temperature of 55°C, treatment time of 80 min and pH of 6.Originality/valueFirst, the process is environment friendly, green and sustainable and, second, it will make the industrialization of the enzyme washing process of gray fabrics, with a high commercial value.
Older migrants’ access to healthcare: a thematic synthesis
Authors: Arora Sanjana , Bergland Astrid , Straiton Melanie , Rechel Bernd , Debesay Jonas 
Published: October 2018

Purpose
The purpose of this paper is to synthesise data from the existent literature on the experiences of non-western older migrants in Europe in accessing and using healthcare services.

Design/methodology/approach
In total, 1,606 records were reviewed and 12 studies were selected. A thematic synthesis using Thomas and Harden’s approach was conducted.

Findings
The findings resulted in the three overarching themes: traditional discourses under new circumstances; predisposed vulnerabilities of older migrants and the healthcare system; and the conceptualization of health and the roles of healthcare professionals. The authors found that older migrants’ experience of accessing healthcare is influenced by many factors, such as health literacy, differences in healthcare beliefs and language barriers, and is not limited to cultural and traditional discourses of care. Findings reveal that there is a limited body of knowledge on barriers experienced by older migrant women.

Research limitations/implications
The geographical scope of the study and subsequent type of healthcare systems should be taken into account while understanding barriers to care. Another limitation is that although we studied different migrant groups, the authors synthesised barriers experienced by all. Future research could study migrants as separate groups to better understand how previous experiences with healthcare in their home country and specific social, cultural and economic circumstances shape them.

Originality/value
This paper provides a synthesis of the experiences of migrants from non-western countries who moved to a host country with a very different language, culture and healthcare system.
Migration policy uncertainty and stock market investor sentiment
Authors: Ordu-Akkaya Beyza Mina 
Published: October 2018

Purpose
The purpose of this paper is to examine the volatility transmission between migration policy uncertainty indices (MI) of France, Germany, UK and the USA, and respective stock markets of these countries. Therefore, the author’s major intention is to understand whether MI is a critical factor affecting company valuations and investor sentiment.

Design/methodology/approach
The author proxies volatility via EGARCH (1,1) for all series and employs Diebold–Yilmaz (2012) methodology to test the spillover, which is a simple yet very intuitive procedure. This method allows one to analyze the numerical amount of spillover, as well as the direction.

Findings
Findings propose that volatility transmission is from migration index to stock markets for the UK and US markets, but similar findings are not applicable for France and Germany. However, when cross-market transmissions are analyzed, it is observed that migration policy uncertainty of US spills significant volatility to all European stock markets. Hence, the findings underline the central role of US markets.

Originality/value
Given the increasing worries about migration across the USA and Europe, the author tries to cast light on whether investor sentiment alters by migration policies. The literature is recently building and best of the author’s knowledge; the paper is the first to investigate the cross-country spillover between MIs, which has not been performed before.
An empirical examination of moral hazards and adverse selection on PPP projects
Authors: Owusu-Manu De-Graft , Edwards David John , Kukah A.S. , Parn Erika Anneli , El-Gohary Hatem , Hosseini M. Reza 
Published: October 2018

Purpose
Failures of public–private partnership (PPP) projects are often ascribed to the agency problem, which arise under conditions of inadequate and asymmetric information when a principal (the client) hires an agent (the contractor). This paper aims to identify the causes and effects of moral hazard and adverse selection on PPP construction projects using a synthesis of extant literature (to determine key variables) and analysis of survey questionnaire data collected.

Design/methodology/approach
Mean score ranking was used to rank the causes and effects of moral hazard and adverse selection problems in PPP construction projects. One sample t-test was conducted to establish the relative significance of these variables.

Findings
Effort dimensions (which are not verifiable), low transfer of risk, lack of accurate information about project conditions, wrong party chosen to execute project and renegotiation of contracts were the most significant causes of moral hazard and adverse selection problems in PPP construction projects. In addition, reduction of competition, high transaction costs, consequences on profitability of project, siphoning of funds and negative implications on enforceability of contract were the most significant effects of moral hazard and adverse selection problems in PPP construction projects.

Practical implications
Application of these findings will help mitigating moral hazard and adverse selection problems occurring when undertaking PPP construction projects.

Originality/value
Research findings provide guidance to construction stakeholders in the PPP sector on the different causes and effects of adverse selection and moral hazard. This pioneering study is the first to conduct an empirical assessment of the causes and effects of moral hazard and adverse selection of PPP construction projects in a developing country.
Linear analysis of a three-dimensional multistorey steel-frame structure under varying temperatures
Authors: N. Parthasarathi , K.S. Satyanarayanan , V. Thamilarau , M. Prakash 
Published: October 2018

PurposeThe purpose of this study is progressive collapse behavior in buildings. It occurs due to removal/damage of a column by fire, blast or vehicle impact.Design/methodology/approachThe present study investigates the comparative behavior of 3D four-storey moment resisting steel frame using ABAQUS to predict the sensitivity of the structure in progressive collapse because of fire loads. Columns at different levels were given different temperature with reduced material properties and yield strength. Progressive collapse load combination was adopted as per General Service Administration guidelines. Corner, middle, intermediate, multiple corner and multiple intermediate columns were subjected to fire load separately.FindingsThe results for displacement, stress, shear force and axial force were captured and discussed.Originality/valueThe study covers linear analysis of steel frame because of different temperature. In linear analysis. columns were subjected to different temperature and their results were studied. Effect of temperature in the structure were captured because of different fire conditions.