bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Protein structural biology using cell-free platform from wheat germ
Authors: Novikova Irina V. , Sharma Noopur , Moser Trevor , Sontag Ryan , Liu Yan , Collazo Michael J. , Cascio Duilio , Shokuhfar Tolou , Hellmann Hanjo , Knoblauch Michael , Evans James E. 
Published: November 2018

AbstractOne of the biggest bottlenecks for structural analysis of proteins remains the creation of high-yield and high-purity samples of the target protein. Cell-free protein synthesis technologies are powerful and customizable platforms for obtaining functional proteins of interest in short timeframes, while avoiding potential toxicity issues and permitting high-throughput screening. These methods have benefited many areas of genomic and proteomics research, therapeutics, vaccine development and protein chip constructions. In this work, we demonstrate a versatile and multiscale eukaryotic wheat germ cell-free protein expression pipeline to generate functional proteins of different sizes from multiple host organism and DNA source origins. We also report on a robust purification procedure, which can produce highly pure (> 98%) proteins with no specialized equipment required and minimal time invested. This pipeline successfully produced and analyzed proteins in all three major geometry formats used for structural biology including single particle analysis with electron microscopy, and both two-dimensional and three-dimensional protein crystallography. The flexibility of the wheat germ system in combination with the multiscale pipeline described here provides a new workflow for rapid production and purification of samples that may not be amenable to other recombinant approaches for structural characterization.
Bitter Taste Receptor Ligand Improves Metabolic and Reproductive Functions in a Murine Model of PCOS
Authors: Wu Sheng , Xue Ping , Grayson Neile , Bland Jeffrey S , Wolfe Andrew 
Published: November 2018

Abstract
Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) results from functional ovarian hyperandrogenism due to dysregulation of androgen secretion. Cultured theca cells from polycystic ovaries of women with the most common form of PCOS overexpress most androgen producing enzymes, particularly CYP450c17. In this study, a murine model was used of PCOS induced by chronic feeding with a high-fat diet that exhibits the reproductive, hyperandrogenic, and metabolic constellation of PCOS symptoms seen in women. Oral administration of KDT501, a hops-derived bitter taste receptor (Tas2R 108) isohumulone ligand resulted in resolution of PCOS-associated endocrine and metabolic disturbances and restored reproductive function. Pioglitazone, a PPARγ agonist, also improved metabolic and reproductive function, though not to the same degree as KDT501. Specifically, treatment of the murine PCOS model with KDT501 resulted in reduced testosterone and androstenedione levels in the absence of significant changes in LH or FSH, improved glucose tolerance and lipid metabolism, and reduced hepatic lipid infiltration and adiposity. There was significant improvement in estrous cyclicity and an increase in the number of ovarian corpora lutea, indicative of improved reproductive function after exposure to KDT501. Finally, ex vivo exposure of murine ovaries to KDT501 attenuated androgen production and ovarian expression of CYP450c17. Interestingly, the ovaries expressed Tas2R 108, suggesting a potential regulation of ovarian steroidogenesis through this chemosensory receptor family. In summary, a therapeutic strategy for PCOS possibly could include direct influences on ovarian steroidogenesis that are independent of gonadotrophic hormone regulation.
Circulating Irisin Levels in Children With GH Deficiency Before and After 1 Year of GH Treatment
Authors: Ciresi Alessandro , Pizzolanti Giuseppe , Guarnotta Valentina , Giordano Carla 
Published: November 2018

Abstract

Purpose
To evaluate circulating irisin levels in children with GH deficiency (GHD) and any relation with clinical and metabolic parameters.

Patients
Fifty-four prepubertal children (mean age, 7.4 ± 0.8 years) with idiopathic GHD treated with GH for at least 12 months and 31 healthy short children as control subjects.

Methods
Body height, body mass index (BMI), waist circumference (WC), IGF-I, HbA1c, lipid profile, fasting and after–oral glucose tolerance test glucose and insulin, insulin sensitivity indices, and irisin levels were evaluated at baseline and after 12 months of GH replacement (GHR).

Results
At baseline, children with GHD, in addition to having lower growth velocity (P &lt; 0.001), GH peak after stimulation tests (both P &lt; 0.001), and IGF-I (P &lt; 0.001), showed significantly lower irisin (P &lt; 0.001) and higher BMI (P &lt; 0.001) and WC (P = 0.001), without any difference in metabolic parameters, than control subjects. After GHR, children with GHD showed a significant increase in height (P &lt; 0.001), growth velocity (P &lt; 0.001), IGF-I (P &lt; 0.001), fasting glucose (P = 0.002) and insulin (P &lt; 0.001), homeostasis model assessment estimate of insulin resistance (P &lt; 0.001), and irisin (P = 0.005), with a concomitant decrease in BMI (P = 0.001) and WC (P = 0.003). In multivariate analysis, the independent variables significantly associated with irisin were BMI (P = 0.002) and GH peak (P = 0.037) at baseline and BMI (P = 0.005), WC (P = 0.018), and IGF-I (P &lt; 0.001) during GHR.

Conclusions
We report that GHR leads to an increase in irisin levels, strongly related to a decrease in BMI and WC, and to an increase in IGF-I; these changes are among the main goals of GHR. These data confirm the favorable effects of GHR in children.
Central Nervous System and Peripheral Hormone Responses to a Meal in Children
Authors: Roth Christian L , Melhorn Susan J , Elfers Clinton T , Scholz Kelley , De Leon Mary Rosalynn B , Rowland Maya , Kearns Sue , Aylward Elizabeth , Grabowski Thomas J , Saelens Brian E , Schur Ellen A 
Published: November 2018

Abstract

Context
Behavioral studies suggest that responses to food consumption are altered in children with obesity (OB).

Objective
To test central nervous system and peripheral hormone response by functional MRI and satiety-regulating hormone levels before and after a meal.

Design and Setting
Cross-sectional study comparing children with OB and children of healthy weight (HW) recruited from across the Puget Sound region of Washington.

Participants
Children (9 to 11 years old; OB, n = 54; HW, n = 22), matched for age and sex.

Intervention and Outcome Measures
Neural activation to images of high- and low-calorie food and objects was evaluated across a set of a priori appetite-processing regions that included the ventral and dorsal striatum, amygdala, substantia nigra/ventral tegmental area, insula, and medial orbitofrontal cortex. Premeal and postmeal hormones (insulin, peptide YY, glucagon-like peptide-1, active ghrelin) were measured.

Results
In response to a meal, average brain activation by high-calorie food cues vs objects in a priori regions was reduced after meals in children of HW (Z = −3.5, P &lt; 0.0001), but not in children with OB (z = 0.28, P = 0.78) despite appropriate meal responses by gut hormones. Although premeal average brain activation by high-calorie food cues was lower in children with OB vs children of HW, postmeal activation was higher in children with OB (Z = −2.1, P = 0.04 and Z = 2.3, P = 0.02, respectively). An attenuated central response to a meal was associated with greater degree of insulin resistance.

Conclusions
Our data suggest that children with OB exhibit an attenuated central, as opposed to gut hormone, response to a meal, which may predispose them to overconsumption of food or difficulty with weight loss.
Embedding recovery-based approaches into mental health nurse training
Authors: Bifarin Oladayo O , Jones Steven 
Published: November 2018

Background: Mental health nursing has undoubtedly progressed as a profession but is at a hiatus that is not assisted by government policy and decreased resources. Aims: This reflective account explores some of the considerable expectations placed upon qualified nurses and the real tensions that influence care delivery standards. Methods: Reflecting on experiences gained in clinical settings, underpinned by literature on recovery, some of the expectations placed on qualified nurses in contemporary mental health service delivery are examined. Conclusion: In order to adequately inform the practices and skill set of contemporary mental health nurses, recovery models and clinical staff input should play a central role in nurse education. Education and clinical practice areas should continue to move towards each other and seize every initiative to ensure both are on the same page.
Student international learning experiences in Cebu, Philippines
Authors: Delisle Brenda , Ebbs Phillip 
Published: November 2018

Background: Universities are increasingly exploring international placements and learning experiences for paramedicine students. This has given rise to questions about the quality of student experiences overseas within the paramedic curriculum and how useful they are. Aim: This study investigates whether a university-organised overseas trip provided a useful clinical and cultural learning experience for undergraduate paramedicine students. Methods: A 60-question survey was administered, with questions focusing chiefly on clinical and cultural experiences during the overseas trip. Statistical software was used to analyse continuous and categorical survey data. Findings: This international trip appears to have provided useful cultural but suboptimal clinical learning experiences, despite participants' involvement in childbirth, emergency room presentations and blood draws. Conclusions: The different practice settings and cultural elements of the trip provided valuable learning experiences. A validated survey that would allow universities to evaluate and better understand the dimensions of quality in overseas paramedic student placements should be developed.
Hip displacement in children with cerebral palsy in Scotland: A total population study
Authors: Bugler K. E. , Gaston M. S. , Robb J. E. 
Published: November 2018

Purpose The purpose of this study is to report the number of children from a total population of children with cerebral palsy (CP) in Scotland who had a displaced or dislocated hip at first registration in a national surveillance programme. Methods Migration percentage (MP), laterality, Gross Motor Function Classification System (GMFCS) level, CP subtype, distribution of CP and age were analyzed in 1171 children. Relative risk was calculated with 95% confidence intervals. Hip displacement and dislocation were defined as a MP of 40 to 99 and > 100 respectively. Results Radiographs were available from the first assessment of 1171 children out of 1933 children registered on the system. In all, 2.5% of children had either one or both hips dislocated (29/1171) and dislocation only occurred in children of GMFCS levels IV and V. A total of 10% of children had a MP 40 to 99 in one or both hips (117/1171). An increasing GMFCS level was strongly associated with an abnormal MP. Hip dislocation was unusual in patients under the age of seven years. A MP of 40 to 99 was not seen in children with isolated dystonia. Displacement was more frequent in children with bilateral involvement and dislocation was only seen in spastic and mixed tone groups. Conclusion This data gives an overview of the number of CP children who have hip displacement/dislocation in Scotland and who will possibly require surgery. Level of Evidence I
Abstractions and exemplars: The measure noun phrase alternation in German
Authors: Schäfer Roland 
Published: November 2018

AbstractIn this paper, an alternation in German measure noun phrases is examined under a varying-abstraction perspective. In a specific measure NP construction, the embedded kind-denoting noun either agrees in case with the measure noun (eine Tasse guter Kaffee‘a cup of good coffee’) or it stands in the genitive (eine Tasse guten Kaffees). Each of the two alternants is syntactically similar to a non-alternating construction. I propose a prototype model which assigns a common prototypical meaning to each of the alternants and its corresponding non-alternating construction. Based on this, I argue that lexical, morphosyntactic, and stylistic features help to predict the choice of the alternant. A large corpus study is presented which supports this analysis. However, in addition to the prototype effects, an exemplar effect is also shown to influence the choice, namely the relative frequencies with which lemmas occur in the non-alternating constructions. I argue that allowing both prototype and exemplar effects is more adequate than following radical prototype or exemplar approaches. It is also verified in two experiments that the corpus-derived model corresponds to the behaviour of native speakers. The weak effect size of the experimental validation is discussed in the context of corpus-based cognitive linguistics and the validation of corpus-derived models.
FPGA–implementation of PID-controller by differential evolution optimization
Authors: Hanhila Mika , Mantere Timo , T. Alander Jarmo 
Published: November 2018

Abstract
We will describe an FPGA implementation of PID-controller that uses differential evolution to optimize the coefficients of the PID controller, which has been implemented in VHDL. The original differential evolution algorithm was improved by ranking based mutation operation and self-adaptation of mutation and crossover parameters. Ranking-based mutation operation improves the quality of solution, convergence rate and success of optimization. Due to the self-adaptive control parameters, the user does not have to estimate the mutation and crossover rates. Optimization have been performed by calculating for each generation fitness value by means of trial parameters. The final optimal parameters are selected based on the minimum fitness.
Aqquyunlu Turkmen Rulers Facing the Ruins of Takht-i Jamshīd
Authors: Leube Georg 
Published: November 2018

Abstract
This article investigates the ways in which Aqquyunlu rulers drew on the material remains of bygone dynasties by including ruins in their court ceremonial. Central for the investigation are two inscriptions left by the majlis or artistic assemblee of an Aqquyunlu prince on the ruins of one of the Achaemenid palaces at Persepolis or Takht-i Jamshīd in Iran. These important epigraphic sources are presented here in an improved critical edition and discussed in their social, architectural, and literary context. In musing over past glories, the prince and his retinue appropriated the heritage of bygone prophets and kings, framing their courtly representation as part of a continuous tradition of just rulers over southern Iran.
La pratique de la ziyāra par procuration dans la Syrie médiévale à partir de trois documents inédits
Authors: Mouton Jean-Michel , Sourdel-Thomine Janine 
Published: November 2018

Abstract
The three documents published here, a letter request and two petitions, relate the practice of secondary pilgrimages (ziyārāt) accomplished in sanctuaries of medieval Syria. They reveal a practice which remained undocumented until now: that of ziyārāt by proxy. Each time it is specified that the invocations pronounced on the spot by various pilgrims had for beneficiary a specifically designated recipient. Unlike the certificates of ḥaǧǧ and ’umra by proxy, guaranteed by deed witnesses, these documents, which express the raise of a local pietist actions, retain an informal aspect suitable for supererogatory practices.
Georg Pilder’s Arabisches Lexicon of 1772 – The Oldest Known Comprehensive Arabic-German Dictionary Rediscovered
Authors: Mauder Christian 
Published: November 2018

Abstract
In 1772, the Moravian Protestant Georg Pilder (1716‒1793) finished his work on an Arabic-German-Italian dictionary with the title Arabisches Lexicon. This dictionary, which has so far escaped scholarly attention and survives in a single manuscript copy, represents the earliest comprehensive Arabic-German lexicographic work known to scholarship. Based primarily on Pilder’s experiences as a missionary in Cairo, it includes valuable material on diglossia and everyday language use in 18th-century Cairo. The article discusses Pilder’s biography against the background of Moravian activities in the Middle East, sheds light on when, why and based on which materials he composed his dictionary and studies how Pilder’s authorial intentions are reflected in the work’s content and structure. It moreover addresses the question of the dictionary’s relevancy in the contexts of missionary history, the history of Arabic Studies and contemporary linguistic research.
Research on a rotational speed control strategy of the mandrel in a rotary steering system
Authors: Zhang Liancheng , Zhang Guibin , Spillian John 
Published: November 2018

AbstractRotary steering systems are cutting-edge, intelligent oil drilling and steering equipment developed at the end of the twentieth century. The core function of the bit pointing rotary steering system is to control the eccentric shaft with bit pointing function to track the outer drill collar for reverse rotation [1]. When the relative speed thereof is offset, the mandrel tool face remains stationary, and the directive function of the drill bit is realized [2]. Therefore, it is important to precisely control mandrel rotational speed and make it follow the outer drill collar to conduct face-to-face rotation at all times. A double closed loop control method for realizing rotational speed loop and position loop through controlling mandrel rotational speed is proposed in this paper. Relative rotational speed of drill bit shaft (or mandrel) and drill collar of zero can be realized within the shortest time, thereby realizing rapid and precise rotational speed tracking. Relative positions of mandrel and drill collar at several angles on 360° circumferences, thereby proving the feasibility of the method. The method can provide a technical reference and basis for prototype production of directional rotary steering system [3].
Mobile Communication - Past, Present and Future: a Review
Authors: Pandi Nandhakumar , Nargund Mohsin 
Published: November 2018

Abstract
Communication is one of the most important things in human life, day by day the technology is changing, data rate becomes faster and equipment’s are also becoming compact, as the results of change in technology. The human beings have also adapted to the technology as well. In this article the revolution of wireless technologies like 2G, 3G, 4G and 5G (Future generation network) are explained. This article mainly focused on background of wireless communication system, models and technologies adapted for 4G and 5G. The key technologies, spectrum allocation and current projects are discussed and described; this work gives a detailed research to address the projects and developments for future generation wireless technology.
Controlling an Automated Storage by using the Blue Earth 485 Microcomputer
Authors: Barabas T. 
Published: November 2018

Abstract
In this paper it is presented the control system of an automated storage which was conceived and achieved at the University of Oradea by using a Blue Earth 485 microcomputer. There are presented the main components of the control system: the microcomputer and the hardware interface for the drive, the control programs conceived as well as the implemented user interface on a PC computer.
Comparison Between 40kb/s ADPCM Algorithms
Authors: Al-Rawi Muhanned , Al-Rawi Muaayed 
Published: November 2018

Abstract
This article deals with developing new modified algorithms of 40kb/s ADPCM. Beside the standard algorithm, three algorithms are developed to reduce the ADPCM distortion. The performances of all algorithms are evaluated with QAM signal at speed of 9.6kb/s. The outcomes demonstrate that the first proposed algorithm outperforms the other algorithms.
Advanced Fan Controller Using Atmega 1284P
Authors: Apostol F.G. , Predusca G. 
Published: November 2018

Abstract
The project aims at creating a monitoring and control circuit in a desktop or complex system with the possibility to set the operating parameters. The project allows automatic and manual control of a certain number of fans using Pulse Width Modulation (PWM) control by the user or automatically by the system monitoring thresholds of minimum and average temperatures (also set by the user within the code). The system was designed with the following options: audible and visual alert when reaching maximum temperatures; time display, PWM percentage and three temperatures shown on a 16x2 LCD; the system-acquired data is then transmitted to a website. Additional features include the possibility of setting a color inside the system, also used as an alert as well as a color adjustment function by sound (for a musical lightshow). The mode of operation is based on the source code written in the Arduino IDE 1.6.3 software with the help of free libraries and free codes provided on the internet.
On the Performance of UWB-WBAN Modem
Authors: Abdulhamid Mohanad F. , Ben Sewe Onyango 
Published: November 2018

AbstractWireless Body Area Networks (WBANs) have been developed as the human-body monitoring systems to predict, diagnose, and treat diseases. Since the signal transmission in WBANs takes place in or around the human body the channel fading significantly affects packet error rate and overall network performance. This paper focuses on the design and demonstration of an ultra-wideband (UWB) modem to be used in the WBAN applications, and the evaluation of its performance over Rayleigh fading channel. Results show how the fading channel affects the performance of the system.
Power Supply for Luminaires Located in Restricted Areas with Photovoltaic Panels Calculating MPPT
Authors: Onu P. 
Published: November 2018

Abstract
The proposed system is a method to power supply luminaires in inaccessible areas. It proposes a method with using PV panels and calculating MPPT. It is a method of supply luminaires with LiFePO4 batteries using remote transmission and transmission electrical parameters using microcontrollers for a complete autonomy and management system.