bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Assessing Students’ IT Professional Values in a Global Project Setting
Authors: Frezza S. , Daniels M. , Wilkin A. 
Published: January 2019

This research aimed at evaluating the development and use of low-cost affective domain assessment instruments, culminating with personal and group characterization of representative global information technology (IT) professional values. Values and valuing are a compelling component of Bloom's affective domain of learning for engineering education. In helping students develop professional engineering competencies, it is essential that they develop not just cognitive knowledge of something but also values related to that knowledge and the ability to express these values in professional action. However, even if some professional values are identified, understood, and expressed, assessing students’ values and valuing are difficult, and assessment instruments are often difficult to develop, particularly for assessing student learning in the context of a particular course.
This exploratory study aimed at examining assessment of dispositional knowledge in the context of global software engineering (GSE). It focused on the development and use of a set of instruments for assessing affective domain student learning of global IT/software engineering (SE) professional values. The project included making explicit the IT professional values of interest among the participating faculty in the form of actionable value statements. Following a process derived from Thurstone scale development, the project included validation of these statements with an expert panel as question roots, followed by the use of these questions to investigate student and alumni receiving, responding, and valuing of these professional values. The effort needed to generate questionnaires suitable for course use was relatively low; these questionnaires were deployed to students and alumni from an open-ended global software engineering project course. Students responding reported significant agreement when receiving these global values, but sent more mixed responses in responding to and valuing them. The effort helped identify several actionable IT professional values worth reinforcing in future course offerings.
Visitando a trajetória ou (re)produzindo o passado do Condephaat
Authors:  Wolff Silvia Ferreira Santos 
Published: January 2019

Trata-se de rememoração da trajetória do Conselho de Defesa do Patrimônio Histórico, Arqueológico, Artístico e Turístico (Condephaat), órgão oficial de preservação do patrimônio cultural em São Paulo, a partir dos anos 1980, com ênfase na avaliação dos efeitos da ampliação de seus quadros técnicos e renovação dos conceitos de preservação naquela década.
Brachial Artery Echogenicity and Grayscale Texture Changes in HIV-Infected Individuals Receiving Low-Dose Methotrexate
Authors: Stein James H. , Yeh Eunice , Weber Joanne M. , Korcarz Claudia , Ridker Paul M , Tawakol Ahmed , Hsue Priscilla Y. , Currier Judith S. , Ribaudo Heather , Mitchell Carol K.C. 
Published: January 2019

Objective—
We evaluated the biological effects of low-dose methotrexate on 3 novel brachial artery grayscale ultrasound measures that may indicate subclinical arterial injury.

Approach and Results—

Exploratory analysis from a clinical trial of people with HIV infection at increased cardiovascular disease risk who were randomly assigned to low-dose methotrexate (target dose 15 mg/wk) or placebo. Brachial artery ultrasound grayscale median, gray level difference statistic texture–contrast (GLDS-CON), and gray level texture entropy were measured at baseline and after 24 weeks of intervention. Findings from the intention-to-treat (N=148) and adequately-dosed (N=118) populations were consistent, so the adequately-dosed population results are presented. Participants were a median (Q1, Q3) age of 54 (50, 60) years. After 24 weeks, the low-dose methotrexate intervention was associated with a 25.4% (−18.1, 58.6;
P
=0.007) increase in GLDS-CON compared with 1.3% (−29.1, 44.7;
P
=0.97) with placebo (
P
=0.05) and a 0.10 u (−0.06, 0.23;
P
=0.026) increase in entropy compared with 0.02 u (−0.11, 0.14;
P
=0.54) with placebo (
P
=0.14). At week 24, changes in CD4+ T cells correlated inversely with changes in GLDS-CON (ρ=−0.20;
P
=0.031), and entropy (ρ=−0.21;
P
=0.023). Changes in D-dimer levels, but no other inflammatory biomarkers, also correlated inversely with changes in GLDS-CON (ρ=−0.23;
P
=0.014) and entropy (ρ=−0.26;
P
=0.005).

Conclusions—
Brachial artery GLDS-CON and entropy increased after 24 weeks of low-dose methotrexate, though the latter was not significantly different from placebo. Grayscale changes were associated with decreases in CD4+ T-cell and D-dimer concentrations and may indicate favorable arterial structure changes.
Safety of Sports for Young Patients With Implantable Cardioverter-Defibrillators
Authors: Saarel Elizabeth Vickers , Law Ian , Berul Charles I. , Ackerman Michael J. , Kanter Ronald J. , Sanatani Shubhayan , Cohen Mitchell I. , Berger Stuart , Fischbach Peter S. , Burton David A. , Dziura James , Brandt Cynthia , Simone Laura , Li Fangyong , Olshansky Brian , Cannom David S. , Lampert Rachel J. 
Published: January 2019

Background:
Despite safety concerns, many young patients with implantable cardioverter-defibrillators (ICDs) participate in sports. We undertook a prospective, multinational registry to determine the incidence of serious adverse events because of sports participation. The primary end points were death or resuscitated arrest during sports or injury during sports because of arrhythmia or shock. Secondary end points included system malfunction and incidence of ventricular arrhythmias requiring multiple shocks for termination.

Methods:
Athletes with ICDs aged ≤21 years were included in this post hoc subanalysis of the ICD Sports Registry. Data on sports and clinical outcomes were obtained by phone interview and medical records review. ICD shocks and clinical details of lead malfunction were classified by 2 electrophysiologists.

Results:
A total of 129 young athletes participating in competitive (n=117) or dangerous (n=12) sports were enrolled. The mean age was 16 years (range, 10–21; 40% female; 92% white). The most common diagnoses were long QT syndrome (n=49), hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (n=30), and congenital heart disease (n=16). The most common sports were basketball and soccer, including 79 varsity/junior varsity high school and college athletes. During a median follow-up of 42 months, 35 athletes (27%) received 38 shocks. There were no occurrences of death, arrest, or injury related to arrhythmia, during sports. There was 1 ventricular tachycardia/ventricular fibrillation storm during competition. Freedom from lead malfunction was 92.3% at 5 years and 79.6% at 10 years.

Conclusions:
Although shocks related to competition/practice are not uncommon, there were no serious adverse sequelae. Lead malfunction rates were similar to previously reported in unselected pediatric ICD populations.

Clinical Trial Registration:

URL:
https://www.clinicaltrials.gov
. Unique identifier: NCT00637754.
High-Throughput Functional Evaluation of
KCNQ1
Decrypts Variants of Unknown Significance
Authors: Vanoye Carlos G. , Desai Reshma R. , Fabre Katarina L. , Gallagher Shannon L. , Potet Franck , DeKeyser Jean-Marc , Macaya Daniela , Meiler Jens , Sanders Charles R. , George Alfred L. 
Published: January 2019

Background:
The explosive growth in known human gene variation presents enormous challenges to current approaches for variant classification that have implications for diagnosis and treatment of many genetic diseases. For disorders caused by mutations in cardiac ion channels as in congenital arrhythmia syndromes, in vitro electrophysiological evidence has high value in discriminating pathogenic from benign variants, but these data are often lacking because assays are cost, time, and labor intensive.

Methods:
We implemented a strategy for performing high-throughput functional evaluations of ion channel variants that repurposed an automated electrophysiological recording platform developed previously for drug discovery.

Results:

We demonstrated the success of this approach by evaluating 78 variants in
KCNQ1
, a major gene involved in genetic disorders of cardiac arrhythmia susceptibility. We benchmarked our results with traditional electrophysiological approaches and observed a high level of concordance. This strategy also enabled studies of dominant-negative behavior of variants exhibiting severe loss-of-function. Overall, our results provided functional data useful for reclassifying >65% of the studied
KCNQ1
variants.

Conclusions:
Our results illustrate an efficient and high-throughput paradigm linking genotype to function for a human cardiac ion channel that will enable data-driven classification of large numbers of variants and create new opportunities for precision medicine.
Clinical Utility and Prognostic Value of Right Atrial Function in Pulmonary Hypertension
Authors: Alenezi Fawaz , Mandawat Aditya , Il’Giovine Zachary J. , Shaw Linda K. , Siddiqui Irfan , Tapson Victor F. , Arges Kristine , Rivera Danny , Romano Minna M.D. , Velazquez Eric J. , Douglas Pamela S. , Samad Zainab , Rajagopal Sudarshan 
Published: January 2019

Background
Although right atrial (RA) enlargement is an established marker for adverse outcomes, the prognostic importance of RA dysfunction independent of RA size in pulmonary arterial hypertension is not known.

Methods and Results

Study subjects with pulmonary arterial hypertension were prospectively enrolled from 2010 to 2014. RA function was measured using RA speckle-tracking longitudinal strain and strain rate (SR) during each phase of the cardiac cycle: (1) RA reservoir (peak longitudinal strain, peak systolic SR), (2) RA conduit (peak early diastolic SR), and (3) RA active contraction (peak active contraction strain, peak contraction SR). The primary outcome was a composite of time to hospitalization or death assessed on follow-up. A total of 63 subjects had complete echocardiographic data. Of these, 91% were females, and the mean age was 58±12 years. During the follow-up period (range: 1–58 months), 39 were hospitalized or had died. After multivariable adjustment for age, sex, and left atrial size, peak longitudinal strain, peak active contraction strain, and peak early diastolic SR were significantly associated with increased risk of the composite outcome (
P
=0.0005,
P
=0.0167, and
P
=0.0054, respectively).

Conclusions
RA dysfunction independently predicts mortality and hospitalizations in patients with pulmonary arterial hypertension.
Transcarotid Compared With Other Alternative Access Routes for Transcatheter Aortic Valve Replacement
Authors: Chamandi Chekrallah , Abi-Akar Ramzi , Rodés-Cabau Josep , Blanchard Didier , Dumont Eric , Spaulding Christian , Doyle Daniel , Pagny Jean-Yves , DeLarochellière Robert , Lafont Antoine , Paradis Jean-Michel , Puri Rishi , Karam Nicole , Maes Frédéric , Rodriguez-Gabella Tania , Chassaing Stéphan , Le Page Olivier , Kalavrouziotis Dimitri , Mohammadi Siamak 
Published: January 2019

Background
The optimal access for patients undergoing transcatheter aortic valve replacement (TAVR) who are not candidates for a transfemoral approach has not been elucidated. The purpose of this study was to compare the safety, feasibility, and early clinical outcomes of transcarotid TAVR compared with thoracic approaches.

Methods and Results

From a multicenter consecutive cohort of 329 alternative-access TAVR patients (2012–2017), we identified 101 patients who underwent transcarotid TAVR and 228 patients who underwent a transapical or transaortic TAVR. Preprocedural success and 30-day clinical outcomes were compared using multivariable propensity score analysis to account for between-group differences in baseline characteristics. All transcarotid cases were performed under general anesthesia, mainly using the left common carotid artery (97%). Propensity-matched groups had similar rates of 30-day all-cause mortality (2.1% versus 4.6%;
P
=0.37), stroke (2.1% versus 3.5%;
P
=0.67; transcarotid versus transapical/transaortic, respectively), new pacemaker implantation, and major vascular complications. Transcarotid TAVR was associated with significantly less new-onset atrial fibrillation (3.2% versus 19.0%;
P
=0.002), major or life-threatening bleeding (4.3% versus 19.9%;
P
=0.002), acute kidney injury (none versus 12.1%;
P
=0.002), and shorter median length of hospital stay (6 versus 8 days;
P
<0.001).

Conclusions
Transcarotid vascular access for TAVR is safe and feasible and is associated with encouraging short-term clinical outcomes. Our data suggest a clinical benefit of transcarotid TAVR with respect to atrial fibrillation, major bleeding, acute kidney injury, and length of stay compared with the more invasive transapical or transaortic strategies. Randomized studies are required to ascertain whether transcarotid TAVR yields equivalent results to other alternative vascular access routes.
Outcomes Following Percutaneous Coronary Intervention in Non–ST-Segment–Elevation Myocardial Infarction Patients With Coronary Artery Bypass Grafts
Authors: Shoaib Ahmad , Kinnaird Tim , Curzen Nick , Kontopantelis Evangelos , Ludman Peter , de Belder Mark , Rashid Muhammad , Kwok Chun Shing , Nolan James , Zaman Azfar , Mamas Mamas A. ,   On behalf of the British Cardiovascular Intervention Society (BCIS) and the National Institute for Cardiovascular Outcomes Research (NICOR)
Published: January 2019

Background
There are limited data on outcomes of patients with previous coronary artery bypass graft (CABG) presenting with non–ST-segment–elevation myocardial infarction undergoing percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI). We compare clinical characteristics and outcomes in non–ST-segment–elevation myocardial infarction patients undergoing PCI with or without prior CABG surgery in a national cohort.

Methods and Results

We identified 205 039 patients with non–ST-segment–elevation myocardial infarction who underwent PCI between 2007 and 2014 in the British Cardiovascular Intervention Society database. Clinical, demographic, procedural, and outcome data were analyzed by dividing into 3 groups: group 1, PCI in native coronary arteries and no prior CABG (n=186 670); group 2, PCI in native arteries with prior CABG (n=8825); group 3, PCI in grafts (n=9544). Patients in group 2 and 3 were older and had more comorbidities and higher mortality at 30 days (group 2, 2.6% and group 3, 1.9%) and 1 year (group 2, 8.29% and group 3, 7.08%) as compared with group 1 (1.7% and 4.87%). After multivariable analysis, no significant difference in outcomes was observed in 30-days mortality (odds ratio; group 2=0.87 [CI, 0.69–1.80;
P
=0.20], group 3=0.91 [CI, 0.71–1.17;
P
=0.46]), in-hospital major adverse cardiovascular event (odds ratio: group 2=1.08 [CI, 0.88–1.34;
P
=0.45], group 3=0.97 [CI=0.77–1.23;
P
=0.82]), and in-hospital stroke (odds ratio: group 2=1.37 [CI, 0.71–2.69;
P
=0.35], group 3=1.13 [CI, 0.55–2.34;
P
=0.73]; group 1=reference).

Conclusions
Patients with prior CABG are presenting with non–ST-segment–elevation myocardial infarction and treated with PCI had more comorbid illnesses, but once these differences were adjusted for, prior CABG did not independently confer additional risk of mortality and major adverse cardiovascular event.
Drug-Eluting Stents Versus Bare-Metal Stents in Saphenous Vein Graft Intervention
Authors: Patel Nileshkumar J. , Bavishi Chirag , Atti Varunsiri , Tripathi Avnish , Nalluri Nikhil , Cohen Mauricio G. , Kini Annapoorna S. , Sharma Samin K. , Dangas George , Bhatt Deepak L. 
Published: January 2019

Background
Percutaneous coronary intervention with drug-eluting stents (DES) has been increasingly used for revascularization of saphenous vein graft stenosis without strong clinical evidence favoring their use. Randomized controlled trials comparing DES versus bare-metal stents (BMS) in saphenous vein graft–percutaneous coronary intervention have been inconclusive.

Methods and Results

We performed a comprehensive literature search through May 15, 2018, for all eligible studies comparing DES versus BMS in patients with saphenous vein graft stenosis in PubMed, EMBASE, SCOPUS, Google Scholar, and ClinicalTrials.gov. Clinical outcomes included all-cause mortality, cardiovascular mortality, major adverse cardiovascular events, myocardial infarction, stent thrombosis, and target vessel revascularization. Six randomized controlled trials were eligible and included 1582 patients, of whom 797 received DES and 785 received BMS. The follow-up period ranged from 18 months to 60 months. There was no statistically significant difference between DES and BMS for all-cause mortality (risk ratio [RR],1.11; 95% CI, 0.0.77–1.62;
P
=0.57), cardiovascular mortality (RR, 1.00; 95% CI, 0.64–1.57;
P
=0.99), major adverse cardiovascular events (RR, 0.83; 95% CI, 0.63–1.10;
P
=20), target vessel revascularization (RR, 0.73; 95% CI, 0.48–1.11;
P
=0.14), myocardial infarction (RR, 0.74; 95% CI, 0.48–1.16;
P
=0.19), or stent thrombosis (RR, 1.06; 95% CI, 0.42–2.65;
P
=0.90).

Conclusions
In patients undergoing percutaneous coronary intervention for saphenous vein graft lesions, our results showed that there was no significant difference between DES and BMS for mortality, major adverse cardiovascular events, target vessel revascularization, myocardial infarction, or stent thrombosis.
Surgical Atrioventricular Valve Replacement With Melody Valve in Infants and Children
Authors: Pluchinotta Francesca R. , Piekarski Breanna L. , Milani Valentina , Kretschmar Oliver , Burch Phillip T. , Hakami Lale , Meyer David B. , Jacques Frederic , Ghez Olivier , Trezzi Matteo , Carotti Adriano , Qureshi Shakeel A. , Michel-Behnke Ina , Hammel James M. , Chai Paul , McMullan David , Mettler Bret , Ferrer Queralt , Carminati Mario , Emani Sitaram M. 
Published: January 2019

Background
Pediatric patients with atrioventricular valve disease have limited options for prosthetic valve replacement in sizes <15 mm. Based on successful experience with the stented bovine jugular vein graft (Melody valve) in the right ventricular outflow tract, the prosthesis has been modified for surgical valve replacement in pediatric patients with atrioventricular dysfunction with the intention of subsequent valve expansion in the catheterization laboratory as the child grows.

Methods and Results

A multicenter, retrospective cohort study was performed among patients who underwent atrioventricular valve replacement with Melody valve at 17 participating sites from North America and Europe, including 68 patients with either mitral (n=59) or tricuspid (n=9) replacement at a median age of 8 months (range, 3 days to 13 years). The median size at implantation was 14 mm (range, 9–24 mm). Immediately postoperatively, the valve was competent with low gradients in all patients. Fifteen patients died; 3 patients underwent transplantation. Nineteen patients required reoperation for adverse outcomes, including valve explantation (n=16), left ventricular outflow tract obstruction (n=1), permanent pacemaker implantation (n=1), and paravalvular leak repair (n=1). Twenty-five patients underwent 41 episodes of catheter-based balloon expansion, exhibiting a significant decrease in median gradient (
P
<0.001) with no significant increase in grade of regurgitation. Twelve months after implantation, cumulative incidence analysis indicated that 55% of the patients would be expected to be free from death, heart transplantation, structural valve deterioration, or valve replacement.

Conclusions
The Melody valve is a feasible option for surgical atrioventricular valve replacement in patients with hypoplastic annuli. The prosthesis shows acceptable short-term function and is amenable to catheter-based enlargement as the child grows. However, patients remain at risk for mortality and structural valve deterioration, despite adequate early valvular function. Device design and implantation techniques must be refined to reduce complications and extend durability.

Clinical Trial Registration

URL:
https://www.clinicaltrials.gov.
Unique identifier: NCT02505074.
Periprocedural Stroke and Myocardial Infarction as Risks for Long-Term Mortality in CREST
Authors: Jones Michael R. , Howard George , Roubin Gary S. , Blackshear Joseph L. , Cohen David J. , Cutlip Donald E. , Leimgruber Pierre P. , Rhodes David , Prineas Ronald J. , Glasser Stephen P. , Lal Brajesh K. , Voeks Jenifer H. , Brott Thomas G. ,   for the CREST Investigators
Published: January 2019

Background:
The Carotid Revascularization Endarterectomy versus Stenting Trial (CREST) previously reported increased mortality in patients who sustained a periprocedural stroke or cardiac event (myocardial infarction [MI] or biomarker only) in follow-up to 4 years. We now extend these observations to 10 years.

Methods and Results:

CREST is a randomized controlled trial designed to compare the outcomes of carotid stenting versus carotid endarterectomy. Proportional hazards models were used to assess the association between mortality and periprocedural stroke, MI, or biomarker-only events. For 10-year follow-up, patients with periprocedural stroke were at 1.74× the risk of death compared with those without stroke (adjusted hazard ratio [HR]=1.74; 95% CI, 1.21–2.50;
P
<0.003). This increased risk was driven by increased early (between 0 and 90 days) mortality (adjusted HR=14.41; 95% CI, 5.33–38.94;
P
<0.0001), with no significant increase in late (between 91 days and 10 years) mortality (adjusted HR=1.40; 95% CI, 0.93–2.10;
P
=0.11). Patients with a protocol MI were at 3.61× increased risk of death compared with those without MI (adjusted HR=3.61; 95% CI, 2.28–5.73;
P
<0.0001), with an increased hazard both early (adjusted HR=8.20; 95% CI, 1.86–36.2;
P
=0.006) and late (adjusted HR=3.40; 95% CI, 2.09–5.53;
P
<0.0001). Patients with a biomarker-only event were at 2.04× increased risk overall (adjusted HR=2.04; 95% CI, 1.09–3.84;
P
=0.03) than those without MI, with an increased early hazard (adjusted HR=8.44; 95% CI, 1.09–65.5;
P
=0.04) and a suggestive but nonsignificant association toward higher 91-day to 10-year risk (1.88; 95% CI, 0.97–3.64;
P
=0.062) contributing to the increased risk.

Conclusions:
In the CREST trial, patients with periprocedural events demonstrate a substantial increase in future mortality to 10 years. For stroke, this risk is largely confined to an early time frame while periprocedural MI or biomarker-only events confer a continuous increased mortality for 10 years. Strategies to reduce periprocedural events and to optimize the evaluation and management of patients with cardiac events should be considered in efforts to reduce not only early but also long-term mortality.

Clinical Trial Registration:

URL:
https://www.clinicaltrials.gov
. Unique identifier: NCT00004732.