bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Creating a healthy working environment for older employees as part of social responsibility
Authors: Rožman Maja , Treven Sonja , Mulej Matjaž , Čančer Vesna 
Published: July 2018

PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to present the importance of a healthy working environment and approaches to establish a healthy working environment of older employees and their impact on work engagement of older employees. The working environment that is not suitable and adapted for older employees presents a big challenge for Slovenian and other companies in which the work force is getting older. Hence, this paper develops a model of a healthy working environment for older employees, in which they could feel well because of its positive affect on their health.Design/methodology/approachThe research method in this paper was the descriptive-correlative type. After a systematic review of literature, which relates to this topic, the authors used the compilation method. In addition to descriptive statistics, factor analysis and regression analysis were used in this paper.FindingsConsidering the demographic changes and active ageing in the workplace, age diversity of employees has to become a part of the general strategy of a company to ensure equality and diversity. Adequate working conditions, which should exist in every company, contribute to the improvement of healthy working environment for older employees and their work-engagement. This paper presents that approaches to establish a healthy working environment of older employees have a positive impact on work-engagement of older employees.Practical implicationsThe stated findings will help companies to better understand and manage their older employees and the importance of establishing a healthy working environment for older employees with which the work-engagement of older employees can be improved. Socially responsible behavior benefits all in this way, too.Originality/valueThis paper is based on forming a research model for creating a healthy working environment for older employees as a part of social responsibility. The main objective of this paper is to examine the impact of establishment of a healthy working environment for older employees on the work engagement of older employees in Slovenia.
Effects of neuromuscular presynaptic muscarinic M1 receptor blockade on rocuronium‐induced neuromuscular blockade in immobilized tibialis anterior muscles
Authors: Kim Yong Beom , Yang Hong‐Seuk , Kim Ha Jung , Choi Hey‐Ran , In Junyong , Yoon Soon‐Young , Ro Young Jin 
Published: July 2018

SummaryThis in vivo study tested the hypothesis that the modulation of acetylcholine (ACh) release by the M1 muscarinic receptor (mAChR) in the neuromuscular junction of disused muscles may affect the tensions of the muscles during the neuromuscular monitoring of a rocuronium‐induced neuromuscular block and compared the results with those obtained from normal muscles. A total of 20 C57BL/6 (wild‐type) and 10 α7 knock out (α7KO) mice were used in this experiment. As a pre‐experimental procedure, knee and ankle joints of right hind limbs were fixed by needle pinning at the 90° flexed position. After 2 weeks, the main experiment was performed. Both tendons of the tibialis anterior (TA) muscles were obtained, and the muscle tensions were recorded while the dose‐responses of rocuronium were measured three times in the same mouse by the serial administration of pirenzepine (0, 0.001 and 0.01 μg/g). Weight losses were observed after 2 weeks of immobilization in both groups, and a decrease in the mass of TA muscles at the immobilized side was observed compared to those of the contralateral nonimmobilized side. Tension depression of the TA muscles at immobilized side of the α7KO group was faster than those of the wild‐type group, but these differences decreased after the administration of pirenzepine. The tension depressions were similar regardless of the pirenzepine doses at the same side in the group. Tension depression may become more rapid in the α7 AChR‐expressed disused muscles by the decreased release of ACh release upon neuronal firing by the blockade of facilitatory M1 mAChR
Flexible pollination system in an unpalatable shrub Daphne miyabeana (Thymelaeaceae)
Authors: Sakata Yuzu , Nakahama Naoyuki 
Published: July 2018

AbstractThe stability of plant reproductive success is dependent on the reproductive system of the plant and the surrounding pollinator assemblages. Here we documented the pollination ecology of a shrub, Daphne miyabeana (Thymelaeaceae), that is unpalatable to deer in two different habitats (open and closed canopy) at a site with severe deer browsing. We found that 31.22 ± 3.07% (mean ± SE) and 9.01 ± 1.71% of the total number of D. miyabeana flowers become fruits in open and closed habitats, respectively. Although spontaneous selfing was possible, the fruit set of that was much lower than the fruit set of an artificial outcrossing treatment. In the closed habitat, the fruit set of the natural pollination was lower than that of artificial outcrossing, whereas in the open habitat the fruit set of those two were similar. In the open habitat, small bees were the major flower visitors, whereas in the closed habitat, ants were the major flower visitors, which did not contribute to pollination. Our findings suggest that D. miyabeana is pollinated by occasional visits of small bees, but it is also self‐compatible and spontaneous selfing is possible. Although its pollination is shaped by abiotic environmental factors, D. miyabeana can reproduce in different habitat conditions. These flexible reproductive systems may be an advantage in coping with the recent environmental change in forest habitats.
The influence of bioregenerative life‐support system dietary structure and lifestyle on the gut microbiota: a 105‐day ground‐based space simulation in Lunar Palace 1
Authors: Hao Zikai , Li Leyuan , Fu Yuming , Liu Hong 
Published: July 2018

SummaryUnderstanding the dynamics of human gut microbiota in space is crucial in maintaining astronaut health. Long‐duration and deep‐space manned exploration will require the in situ regeneration of resources, which would be achieved by an artificial ecosystem, such as a bioregenerative life‐support system (BLSS). Potential response of human gut microbiota to particular lifestyle and dietary structure experienced in a BLSS remains unclear. Here, we report how a BLSS impacts the gut microbiota during a 105‐day study that took place in the Chinese Lunar Palace 1 (LP1). The three crewmembers were provided with high‐plant and high‐fibre diet, and they followed a fixed schedule including extensive labour in the plant cabin. The gut microbiota composition of the three crewmembers showed convergence and similar dynamic change. Increased diversity and abundance of Lachnospira, Faecalibacterium and Blautia indicated that the LP1 dietary structure and the lifestyle may be beneficial for the maintenance of healthy gut microbiome. A stronger impact was found from the gut microbiome to the environment compared with the opposite direction, suggesting the necessity of environmental pathogen control in BLSS.
Bacterial communities of decaying Norway spruce follow distinct slope exposure and time‐dependent trajectories
Authors: Probst Maraike , Gómez‐Brandón María , Bardelli Tommaso , Egli Markus , Insam Heribert , Ascher‐Jenull Judith 
Published: July 2018

SummaryDeadwood decay employs a complex metabolism and provides carbon and nutrients for soils. Although being highly diverse, the contribution of the bacterial deadwood colonizing community is underexplored compared with the fungal one. Therefore, we performed an in‐field mesocosm study and monitored the bacterial communities in decaying experimental Picea abies wood blocks and their underlying soil on north‐ and south‐ exposed slopes in the Italian Alps over a 2‐year period. The faster deadwood decay at the south‐facing slope was associated with a higher bacterial richness and a higher number of specialist operational taxonomic units (OTUs) which were more strongly correlated to environmental parameters than other bacterial community members. With progressing decay, the wood and soil bacterial communities became more similar in terms of richness, diversity and evenness and especially at the south‐facing slope, they also became more similar in terms of community composition. Exposure‐specific OTUs suggest wood‐soil interaction. However, despite the strong influence of exposure on the soil bacterial communities, the P. abies wood blocks shared a comparably high number of OTUs with the soil irrespective of the slope. At finer taxonomic scale, we identified Pseudomonas, Microbacteria, Sphingomonas, Xanthomonas, Methylovirgula and Burkholderia as decay associated, although their functional role needs further studies.
The PEth Blood Test in the Security Environment: What it is; Why it is Important; and Interpretative Guidelines
Authors: Ulwelling William , Smith Kim 
Published: July 2018

AbstractTesting for phosphatidylethanol (PEth) is a relatively new tool for detecting and grossly quantifying a person's use of alcohol in a variety of security, medical, and legal environments. The basic chemistry of PEth is explained with a particular focus on factors that make it highly suitable as a biomarker for alcohol use in such situations. This article meets the need for a literature review that synthesizes PEth laboratory findings and suggests updated guidelines for interpretation. Several ethanol biomarkers have been used for detection or monitoring alcohol use but have significant limitations. Based on this review, the authors propose three guidelines for evaluating PEth values: Light or no Consumption (<20 ng/mL), Significant Consumption (20–199 ng/mL), and Heavy Consumption (>200 ng/mL). These guidelines are important in employment and security environments, but also have applicability in such diverse activities as alcohol treatment programs, organ transplant decisions, and monitoring impaired medical professionals.
MEDIA CONSTRUCTION OF CRIME REVISITED: MEDIA TYPES, CONSUMER CONTEXTS, AND FRAMES OF CRIME AND JUSTICE*
Authors: BARANAUSKAS ANDREW J. , DRAKULICH KEVIN M. 
Published: July 2018

AbstractThrough this study, we shed new light on a key line of inquiry for criminologists: the way the media influence the public's understanding of crime and justice. We argue for expanding the lens of studies on the media's construction of crime, moving away from one‐dimensional reactions to crime to an integrated set of frames about crime and justice policy while considering the potential influence of a diverse array of media forms and content. Most critically, this social construction process must be placed in context, specifically, the racial composition in which people consume media. By using two nationally representative surveys matched with contextual data, we identify two forms of media consumption that seem important to understandings of crime: local television news and TV crime dramas. Interestingly, local news seems more important than national news even to perceptions of national crime trends, whereas news consumed over the Internet is not relevant, nor are 24‐hour cable news channels once political views are taken into account. Television news viewers are also more likely to support tougher crime policies. Importantly, context matters: The influence of television news and crime dramas on perceptions of crime is strongest among White respondents who live near larger numbers of Black neighbors.
SLEep among diabetic patients and their GlycaEmic control (SLEDGE): A pilot observational study
Authors: Raj Jeffrey P. , Hansdak Samuel G. , Naik Dukhabandhu , Mahendri Narayani V. , Thomas Nihal 
Published: July 2018

AbstractBackgroundRecent cohort studies have proven the association between sleep deprivation and adverse glycemic control (GC). The aim of this study was to assess the prevalence of excessive daytime sleepiness (EDS), a subjective measure of sleep deprivation, among type 2 diabetic mellitus (T2DM) patients and its association with GC.MethodsThis cross‐sectional study was conducted between July 2015 and June 2016 in five diabetes clinics in the district of Erode, Tamil Nadu, India. An equal number of consenting patients with T2DM was recruited consecutively from each of the centers, and EDS was measured subjectively using the Epworth sleepiness scale (ESS), whereas GC was assessed using HbA1c levels.ResultsIn all, 126 patients were screened and 102 were found eligible for the study. The prevalence of EDS was 17.5% (95% confidence interval 10.13–24.87). The association between ESS scores and HbA1c levels was analyzed using linear regression after adjusting for age, dietary intake, inflammatory markers (erythrocyte sedimentation rate), depression (Patient Health Questionnaire‐9 score) and stress (Perceived Stress Scale score): for every unit increase in the ESS score, HbA1c increased by 0.143 g/dL (P < 0.001).ConclusionSubjective EDS was seen in approximately one‐quarter of patients with diabetes in our population. There was a positive association between EDS and glycemic control. Screening of patients with diabetes for EDS should be part of routine diabetes management.
Parameterizing the robust design in the BUGS language: Lifetime carry‐over effects of environmental conditions during growth on a long‐lived bird
Authors: Riecke Thomas V. , Leach Alan G. , Gibson Dan , Sedinger James S. 
Published: July 2018

Abstract

Since the initial development of the robust design, this capture‐recapture model structure has been modified to estimate temporary emigration and expanded to include auxiliary information such as band recovery and live resight data using maximum likelihood approaches. These developments have allowed investigators to separately assess individual and group effects on true survival, site fidelity, and temporary emigration. Additionally, recent advances in the BUGS language have allowed researchers to develop increasingly complex, user‐specified models in Bayesian frameworks.

The robust design has rarely been implemented in the BUGS language, and previous attempts to parameterize the robust design in BUGS exhibited strong bias in estimates of temporary emigration rates. Given the limitations of current parameterizations of the robust design in Bayesian frameworks, and our research objectives, we have developed a parameterization of the robust design in the BUGS language that produces unbiased estimates of all model parameters.

We use this novel model structure to examine lifetime carry‐over effects of environmental conditions during early life on annual breeding probabilities of Pacific black brent Branta bernicla nigricans breeding on the Yukon–Kuskokwim River Delta in Western Alaska. We found that individuals that were more structurally developed as goslings bred at increased rates as adults (β = 0.14, f = 0.94), with no effect on adult survival (β = 0.01, f = 0.62). Additionally, we provide evidence for long‐term declines in apparent survival of breeding adult females at the population level (β = −0.01, f = 0.90).

This novel model structure can be easily expanded (Gibson et al., in press) and has important implications for population modelling at broad scales, where we apply it to a declining population of Pacific black brent. Given long‐term declines in gosling growth on the Yukon–Kuskokwim Delta, we predict future declines in population trajectories as a result of lifetime carry‐over effects of environmental conditions during growth on adult fecundity and long‐term declines in adult survival.
Frozen fungi: cryogenic storage is an effective method to store Fusarium cultures for the long‐term
Authors: Webb K.M. , Holman G. , Duke S. , Greene S. , McCluskey K. 
Published: July 2018

AbstractMicrobial culture collections provide a vast amount of genotypic and phenotypic information which are invaluable resources for future advancements in research. For most microbial strains, cryopreservation in the vapour phase above liquid nitrogen provides the most stable and long‐term storage method. However, in the case of fungal microbes, not all are suited for cryogenic storage and few studies have addressed the effectiveness of storage in the vapour phase above liquid nitrogen on a diverse collection of Fusarium species. In this work, a collection of 374 Fusarium strains from the Fungal Genetics Stock Center, including 24 unique species, were duplicated and sent to the National Laboratory for Genetic Resource Preservation for storage in the vapour phase above liquid nitrogen. After 5 years of storage the entire collection was tested for viability and phenotypic stability by using plating, cellular staining assays, assessing the number of viable cells and measuring the rate of growth of each isolate. Additionally, the rate of growth for ∼10% of the isolates were compared with the same isolates which had been stored at −80°C at the Fungal Genetics Stock Center over the same timeframe to determine if cryopreservation in liquid nitrogen vapour provided a comparable method of storage. All National Laboratory for Genetic Resources Preservation isolates grew after being stored at −165°C for 5 years. In general, the isolates that were stored at −165°C grew at a faster rate than the isolates stored at −80°C for the same period. Of the isolates stored at −165°C, most had greater than 80% cell viability, however, those isolates that had less than 50% cell viability generally also had fewer conidia germinate. These isolates may be at a greater risk for storage over longer times. In conclusion, storage at −165°C liquid nitrogen provided reliable preservation of a diverse collection of Fusarium spp. over 5 years, and culture viability data indicates that they will remain viable during additional storage for longer periods.
Monoamine oxidase‐A is a novel driver of stress‐induced premature senescence through inhibition of parkin‐mediated mitophagy
Authors: Manzella Nicola , Santin Yohan , Maggiorani Damien , Martini Hélène , Douin‐Echinard Victorine , Passos Joao F. , Lezoualc'h Frank , Binda Claudia , Parini Angelo , Mialet‐Perez Jeanne 
Published: July 2018

AbstractCellular senescence, the irreversible cell cycle arrest observed in somatic cells, is an important driver of age‐associated diseases. Mitochondria have been implicated in the process of senescence, primarily because they are both sources and targets of reactive oxygen species (ROS). In the heart, oxidative stress contributes to pathological cardiac ageing, but the mechanisms underlying ROS production are still not completely understood. The mitochondrial enzyme monoamine oxidase‐A (MAO‐A) is a relevant source of ROS in the heart through the formation of H2O2 derived from the degradation of its main substrates, norepinephrine (NE) and serotonin. However, the potential link between MAO‐A and senescence has not been previously investigated. Using cardiomyoblasts and primary cardiomyocytes, we demonstrate that chronic MAO‐A activation mediated by synthetic (tyramine) and physiological (NE) substrates induces ROS‐dependent DNA damage response, activation of cyclin‐dependent kinase inhibitors p21cip, p16ink4a, and p15ink4b and typical features of senescence such as cell flattening and SA‐β‐gal activity. Moreover, we observe that ROS produced by MAO‐A lead to the accumulation of p53 in the cytosol where it inhibits parkin, an important regulator of mitophagy, resulting in mitochondrial dysfunction. Additionally, we show that the mTOR kinase contributes to mitophagy dysfunction by enhancing p53 cytoplasmic accumulation. Importantly, restoration of mitophagy, either by overexpression of parkin or inhibition of mTOR, prevents mitochondrial dysfunction and induction of senescence. Altogether, our data demonstrate a novel link between MAO‐A and senescence in cardiomyocytes and provides mechanistic insights into the potential role of MAO‐dependent oxidative stress in age‐related pathologies.
Mental health symptoms during imprisonment: a longitudinal study
Authors: Dirkzwager A. J. E. , Nieuwbeerta P. 
Published: July 2018

ObjectiveMental health problems are common in prison populations. Less is known about how mental health problems develop during imprisonment. The objective was to examine the longitudinal course of mental health symptoms during imprisonment and individual factors associated with the development of these symptoms.MethodIn a prospective cohort study, 1.664 Dutch male prisoners were questioned 3 weeks after their arrival in detention. Those still in custody were questioned again after 3, 9, and 18 months. Multilevel analyses were conducted to identify predictors of the course of mental health symptoms.ResultsPrisoners reported continued elevated symptom levels compared to the general population. Inmates who entered detention with pre‐existing mental health problems and problematic alcohol/drugs use showed mental health improvements during detention.ConclusionThe high levels of prisoners’ mental health problems highlight the importance of addressing mental health issues in prison. Imprisonment does not have an overall negative effect on mental health.
Double Robust Estimation for Multiple Unordered Treatments and Clustered Observations: Evaluating Drug-Eluting Coronary Artery Stents
Authors: Rose Sherri , Normand Sharon-Lise 
Published: July 2018

Summary
Postmarket comparative effectiveness and safety analyses of therapeutic treatments typically involve large observational cohorts. We propose double robust machine learning estimation techniques for implantable medical device evaluations where there are more than two unordered treatments and patients are clustered in hospitals. This flexible approach also accommodates high-dimensional covariates drawn from clinical databases. The Massachusetts Data Analysis Center percutaneous coronary intervention cohort is used to assess the composite outcome of 10 drug-eluting stents among adults implanted with at least one drug-eluting stent in Massachusetts. We find remarkable discrimination between stents. A simulation study designed to mimic this coronary intervention cohort is also presented and produced similar results.
Myelodysplastic syndrome (MDS) with isolated trisomy 8: a type of MDS frequently associated with myeloproliferative features? A report by the Groupe Francophone des Myélodysplasies
Authors: Drevon Louis , Marceau Alice , Maarek Odile , Cuccuini Wendy , Clappier Emmanuelle , Eclache Virginie , Cluzeau Thomas , Richez Valentine , Berkaoui Inès , Dimicoli‐Salazar Sophie , Bidet Audrey , Vial Jean‐Philippe , Park Sophie , Vieira Dos Santos Christina , Kaphan Eléonore , Berthon Céline , Stamatoullas Aspasia , Delhommeau François , Abermil Nassera , Braun Thorsten , Sapena Rosa , Lusina Daniel , Renneville Aline , Adès Lionel , Raynaud Sophie , Fenaux Pierre 
Published: July 2018

SummaryIsolated trisomy 8 (+8) is a frequent cytogenetic abnormality in the myelodysplastic syndromes (MDS), but its characteristics are poorly reported. We performed a retrospective study of 138 MDS patients with isolated +8, classified or reclassified as MDS (excluding MDS/myeloproliferative neoplasm). Myeloproliferative (MP) features were defined by the repeated presence of one of the following: white blood cell count >10 × 109/l, myelemia (presence of circulating immature granulocytes with a predominance of more mature forms) >2%, palpable splenomegaly. Fifty‐four patients (39·1%) had MP features: 28 at diagnosis, 26 were acquired during evolution. MP forms had more EZH2 (33·3% vs. 12·0% in non‐MP, P = 0·047), ASXL1 (66·7% vs. 42·3%, P = 0·048) and STAG2 mutations (77·8% vs. 21·7%, P = 0·006). Median event‐free survival (EFS) and overall survival (OS) were 25 and 27 months for patients with MP features at diagnosis, versus 28 (P = 0·15) and 39 months (P = 0·085) for those without MP features, respectively. Among the 57 patients who received hypomethylating agent (HMA), OS was lower in MP cases (13 months vs. 23 months in non‐MP cases, P = 0.02). In conclusion, MP features are frequent in MDS with isolated +8. MP forms had more EZH2, ASXL1 and STAG2 mutations, responded poorly to HMA, and tended to have poorer survival than non‐MP forms.