bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Relations between food intake, psychological distress, and gastrointestinal symptoms: A diary study
Authors: Clevers Egbert , Törnblom Hans , Simrén Magnus , Tack Jan , Van Oudenhove Lukas 
Published: March 2019

BackgroundGastrointestinal symptoms can be triggered by food intake and psychological distress, but individual‐level research on food–symptom and stress–symptom associations is scarce.ObjectiveWe aimed to identify associations between food intake, psychological distress and gastrointestinal symptoms, and their implications for personalised clinical management.MethodsThrough the mobile phone application mySymptoms, 163 users kept, for a median of five weeks, a diary of food intake, psychological distress and gastrointestinal symptoms. We quantified associations between these on the individual level. The presence of individual‐level associations was compared over latent classes of daily symptom patterns.ResultsVarious gastrointestinal symptoms had demonstrable food–symptom associations (heartburn: 73%, discomfort: 67%, diarrhoea: 57%, bloating: 53%, and gas: 48%). Food–symptom associations for pain in the abdomen (33%) were concentrated in the latent class of individuals with pain in the morning (68%), rather than those with pain in the evening and night (27% and 10%, respectively, p < 0.001). Stress–symptom relations were also found, although only 18% of individuals reported psychological distress.ConclusionPersonal food–symptom and stress–symptom relations can be detected, and may translate into specific daily symptom patterns. A next step will be to let personal food–symptom and stress–symptom relations serve as the basis for personalised clinical management.
Early vedolizumab trough levels predict combined endoscopic and clinical remission in inflammatory bowel disease
Authors: Hanžel Jurij , Sever Nejc , Ferkolj Ivan , Štabuc Borut , Smrekar Nataša , Kurent Tina , Koželj Matic , Novak Gregor , Compernolle Griet , Tops Sophie , Gils Ann , Drobne David 
Published: March 2019

BackgroundThe relationship between vedolizumab trough levels and combined endoscopic and clinical remission is unknown.ObjectiveTo compare vedolizumab trough levels in patients with and without combined remission within the first year of treatment.MethodsWe prospectively collected vedolizumab trough levels in 51 consecutive patients (28 Crohn's disease (CD) and 23 ulcerative colitis (UC)) before all infusions up to week 22, and at weeks 38 and 54, with concentrations measured after study completion. Centrally read endoscopy was performed at a median of 46 weeks. The primary outcome was combined endoscopic (CD: Simple endoscopic score for CD (SES‐CD) < 4 without ulceration; UC: Mayo endoscopic subscore ≤ 1) and clinical remission (CD: resolution of abdominal pain; UC: resolution of rectal bleeding; both: resolution of altered bowel habit).ResultsMedian vedolizumab trough levels at weeks 6 (25.7 vs 15.6 µg/mL; P = 0.015) and 22 (15.1 vs 4.9 µg/mL; P = 0.001) were higher in patients with combined remission. A threshold of 22 µg/mL at week 6 (area under the curve (AUC) 0.733; 95% confidence interval 0.567–0.899) and 8 µg/mL at week 22 (AUC 0.819; 95% confidence interval 0.692–0.946) predicted combined remission.ConclusionEarly vedolizumab trough levels predicted combined endoscopic and clinical remission highlighting their possible use in clinical practice.
Atrial fibrillation in cryptogenic stroke and transient ischaemic attack – The Nordic Atrial Fibrillation and Stroke (NOR-FIB) Study: Rationale and design
Authors: Ratajczak-Tretel Barbara , Lambert Anna Tancin , Johansen Henriette , Halvorsen Bente , Bjerkeli Vigdis , Russell David , Sandset Else Charlotte , Ihle-Hansen Hege , Eriksen Erik , Næss Halvor , Novotny Vojtech , Khanevski Andrej Netland , Truelsen Thomas C , Idicula Titto , Ægidius Karen L , Tobro Håkon , Krogseth Siv B , Ihle-Hansen Håkon , Hagberg Guri , Kruuse Christina , Arntzen Kathrine , Bakkejord Grete K , Villseth Maja , Nakstad Ingvild , Eldøen Guttorm , Shafiq Raheel , Gulsvik Anne , Kurz Martin , Rezai Mehdi , Sømark Jesper , Tingvoll Stein-Helge , Jonassen Christine , Ingebrigtsen Susanne , Steffensen Linn Hofsøy , Kremer Christine , Atar Dan , Aamodt Anne Hege 
Published: March 2019

Purpose Paroxysmal atrial fibrillation is often suspected as a probable cause of cryptogenic stroke. Continuous long-term ECG monitoring using insertable cardiac monitors is a clinically effective technique to screen for atrial fibrillation and superior to conventional follow-up in cryptogenic stroke. However, more studies are needed to identify factors which can help selecting patients with the highest possibility of detecting atrial fibrillation with prolonged rhythm monitoring. The clinical relevance of short-term atrial fibrillation, the need for medical intervention and the evaluation as to whether intervention results in improved clinical outcomes should be assessed. Method The Nordic Atrial Fibrillation and Stroke Study is an international, multicentre, prospective, observational trial evaluating the occurrence of occult atrial fibrillation in cryptogenic stroke and transient ischaemic attack. Patients with cryptogenic stroke or transient ischaemic attack from the Nordic countries are included and will have the Reveal LINQ® Insertable cardiac monitor system implanted for 12 months for atrial fibrillation detection. Biomarkers which can be used as predictors for atrial fibrillation and may identify patients, who could derive the most clinical benefit from the detection of atrial fibrillation by prolonged monitoring, are being studied. Conclusion The primary endpoint is atrial fibrillation burden within 12 months of continuous rhythm monitoring. Secondary endpoints are atrial fibrillation burden within six months, levels of biomarkers predicting atrial fibrillation, CHA2DS2-VASc score, incidence of recurrent stroke or transient ischaemic attack, use of anticoagulation and antiarrhythmic drugs, and quality of life measurements. The clinical follow-up period is 12 months. The study started in 2017 and the completion is expected at the end of 2020.
A dynamic credit risk assessment model with data mining techniques: evidence from Iranian banks
Authors: Moradi Saba , Mokhatab Rafiei Farimah 
Published: March 2019

AbstractGiving loans and issuing credit cards are two of the main concerns of banks in that they include the risks of non-payment. According to the Basel 2 guidelines, banks need to develop their own credit risk assessment systems. Some banks have such systems; nevertheless they have lost a large amount of money simply because the models they used failed to accurately predict customers’ defaults. Traditionally, banks have used static models with demographic or static factors to model credit risk patterns. However, economic factors are not independent of political fluctuations, and as the political environment changes, the economic environment evolves with it.This has been especially evident in Iran after the 2008–2016 USA sanctions, as many previously reliable customers became unable to repay their debt (i.e., became bad customers). Nevertheless, a dynamic model that can accommodate fluctuating politico-economic factors has never been developed. In this paper, we propose a model that can accommodate factors associated with politico-economic crises. Human judgement is removed from the customer evaluation process. We used a fuzzy inference system to create a rule base using a set of uncertainty predictors. First, we train an adaptive network-based fuzzy inference system (ANFIS) using monthly data from a customer profile dataset. Then, using the newly defined factors and their underlying rules, a second round of assessment begins in a fuzzy inference system.Thus, we present a model that is both more flexible to politico-economic factors and can yield results that are max compatible with real-life situations. Comparison between the prediction made by proposed model and a real non-performing loan indicates little difference between them. Credit risk specialists also approve the results. The major innovation of this research is producing a table of bad customers on a monthly basis and creating a dynamic model based on the table. The latest created model is used for assessing customers henceforth, so the whole process of customer assessment need not be repeated. We assert that this model is a good substitute for the static models currently in use as it can outperform traditional models, especially in the face of economic crisis.
Acute Effects of Cannabis sativa on Ischaemia/Reperfusion Injury in the Rat Brain
Authors: Abdel-Salam Omar M.E. , Jaleel Gehad Abdel , Morsy Fatma A 
Published: March 2019

We investigated the effect of Cannabis sativa extract on brain damage, oxidative stress and inflammation in rats with transient global cerebral ischaemia. Rats were subjected to bilateral common carotid artery (CCA) occlusion for 45 minutes followed by 4 h of reperfusion. Rats were treated with cannabis at a dose of 20 mg/kg (expressed as Δ9-THC) intraperitoneally (i.p) either before CCA, at time of reperfusion or after reperfusion. Alternatively, cannabis was given i.p. daily for 2 days before surgery. Markers of oxidative stress (malondialdehyde, reduced glutathione, nitric oxide) and the proinflammatory cytokine tumour necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α) were determined in brain tissue. Histopathological evaluation was also done. Compared with the sham-treatment group, CCA occlusion resulted in increased brain malondialdehyde (54.5 ± 2.0 vs. 26.0 ± 1.45 nmol/g. tissue; p<0.05) and nitric oxide (75.2 ± 3.2 vs. 31.3 ± 3.0 mmol/g. tissue; p<0.05) contents along with decreased brain reduced glutathione (6.6 ± 0.14 vs. 8.28 ± 0.31mmol/g. tissue; p<0.05). There was also a pronounced rise in brain TNF-α concentrations (2248 ± 105 vs. 51.42 ± 3.21 pg/g. tissue; p<0.05). Cannabis sativa significantly increased reduced glutathione (by 30.3%-60.6%; p<0.05) and alleviated the increase in nitric oxide levels (by 51.5%- 58.5%; p<0.05) in the ischaemic brain tissue. Cannabis given before or at time of CCA occlusion significantly reduced brain TNF-α by 24.4% and 26.7%, respectively (1699 ± 80 and 1647 ± 54 vs. 2248 ± 105 pg/g. tissue; p<0.05). Histopathological examination of the cerebral cortex from rats subjected to CCA occlusion revealed gliosis, vacuolation and widespread neuronal degeneration. Cannabis given as a single dose 1h prior to CCA ligation or as 2 days pretreatment conferred protection against the ischaemic neuronal injury. It is concluded that in cerebral ischaemia the prior administration of cannabis exerted neuroprotective effects which could be accounted for by a decrease in nitric oxide and in the inflammatory response.
Ethanolic extract of mangosteen (Garcinia mangostana) pericarp as sensitivity enhancer of doxorubicin on MCF-7 cells by inhibiting P-glycoprotein
Authors: LAKSMIANI NI PUTU LINDA 
Published: March 2019

Abstract. Laksmiani NPL. 2019. Ethanolic extract of mangosteen (Garcinia mangostana) pericarp as sensitivity enhancer of doxorubicin on MCF-7 cells by inhibiting P-glycoprotein. Nusantara Bioscience 11: 49-55. Generally, doxorubicin is used in combination with other anticancer agents. Reduction side effects tend to be better in combination use than the use of single doxorubicin. Therefore the development of anticancer agents with low side effects and combination agents that decrease the side effects of doxorubicin still need to be pursued. The use of doxorubicin also shows a phenomenon of resistance due to over-expression of P-glycoprotein (Pgp). The research was conducted to evaluate the cytotoxic effect of lower dose doxorubicin combine with ethanolic extract of mangosteen pericarp (EEMP) on MCF-7 cells and determine the mechanism of alpha (a)-mangostin as the active compound in EEMP that contribute increasing sensitivity of doxorubicin on MCF-7 through Pgp by in silico. The cytotoxic activity was observed using 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyl tetrazolium bromide (MTT) assay. Molecular docking with 4.2 autodock program was used to evaluate the interaction of a-mangostin with Pgp. EEMP has IC50 of 54 μg/mL on MCF-7 cells while for doxorubicin has IC50 of 1392 nM. Exposure EEMP enhanced cytotoxic effect of doxorubicin on MCF-7 cells. Solely doxorubicin 750 nM treatment gave cell viability percentage 94.98%, but when combined with EEMP 22.5 μg/mL, the cell viability percentage was reduced to 16.91%. This shows that EEMP potent to be used as a combination agent for doxorubicin chemotherapy. The in silico assay demonstrate that a-mangostin has an affinity for Pgp with binding energy of -6.13 kcal/mol.
Keywords: EEMP, doxorubicin, MCF-7, Pgp, combination
Strongyloides stercoralis Hyperinfection Syndrome as a Cause of Fatal Gastrointestinal Hemorrhage
Authors: Rao Shanti , Tsai Helen , Tsai Eugenia , Nakanishi Yukihiro , Bulat Robert 
Published: March 2019

ABSTRACT

Strongyloides stercoralis is a small intestinal nematode that is widespread in regions with poor sanitation. We present a 57-year-old man from Colombia who was undergoing corticosteroid therapy for a meningioma who presented after neurosurgery with abdominal pain and a profound gastrointestinal (GI) bleed. The patient underwent an esophagogastroduodenoscopy (EGD), an attempted embolization, and an exploratory laparotomy to remove the necrosed duodenum. His pathology examination revealed Strongyloides infection of the duodenum, and he died of profound blood loss. This rare diagnosis displays the importance of screening patients at a high risk of Strongyloides infection before starting glucocorticoid therapy.
A Rare Case of Wilson Disease in a 72-Year-Old Patient
Authors: Cao Christopher , Colangelo Timothy , Dhanekula Raja Koteswar , Brandt Daniel , Laothamatas Indira , Thapar Manish , Herrine Steven K. , Civan Jesse M. 
Published: March 2019

ABSTRACT
Wilson disease is an autosomal recessive disorder of abnormal copper metabolism that is prevalent in the younger population, rarely presenting in patients older than 40 years. Clinical presentation may be variable, and diagnosis is often aided by clinical and biochemical tests. We report the case of a 72-year-old woman who presented with acute liver failure initially of unclear etiology. Our patient was initially managed for presumed drug-induced liver injury but ultimately diagnosed with Wilson disease on the basis of clinical presentation, laboratory testing, liver biopsy, quantitative hepatic copper, and abnormal genetic testing.
Successful Treatment of Extensive Esophageal Squamous Papillomatosis With Cryotherapy
Authors: Alomari Mohammad , Wadhwa Vaibhav , Bejarano Pablo , Amar Patrick , Erim Tolga 
Published: March 2019

ABSTRACT
Esophageal squamous papilloma is a rare endoscopic finding, and esophageal squamous papillomatosis (ESP) is considered exceptionally rare, with only a limited number of cases reported to date. There is a paucity of literature about the management of these lesions, and it remains largely controversial. We report a 61-year-old man who presented for endoscopic treatment of ESP detected during endoscopic evaluation for heartburn. Given the potential risk of malignant transformation, a decision was made to proceed with spray cryoablation, requiring a total of 3 sessions of ablative therapy. The histopathological assessment confirmed the diagnosis, and the specimens tested negative for all low- and high-risk human papillomavirus subtypes. Follow-up endoscopies revealed near-complete resolution. To our knowledge, the present report describes the second successful treatment of ESP using endoscopic spray cryotherapy.
Isolated Colonic Metastasis From Esophageal Adenocarcinoma
Authors: Alshati Ali , Khosla Manraj , Niu Hardy , Kachaamy Toufic 
Published: March 2019

ABSTRACT
Esophageal cancer is an aggressive and highly lethal malignancy that has a high death-to-incidence ratio approaching 0.90. We present a 60-year-old man with a history of Barrett's esophagus, presented with dysphagia. An upper endoscopy with biopsy confirmed invasive esophageal adenocarcinoma (EAC). Workup, including positron emission tomography scan, showed no evidence of metastasis. A preoperative colonoscopy showed a nodule in the ascending colon that was proven later to be a metastatic lesion from the esophageal primary tumor. Esophageal adenocarcinoma with an isolated colonic metastasis is an extremely rare presentation of esophageal metastasis. These metastatic lesions may not be detected by the positron emission tomography scan.
A Rare Case of Squamous Cell Carcinoma of the Esophagus in a Patient With Goltz Syndrome
Authors: Hafiz Maida , Sundaram Suneha , Naqash Abdul Rafeh , Speicher James , Sutton Ann , Walker Paul , Talaat Nizar 
Published: March 2019

ABSTRACT
Esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC) is the predominant type of esophageal carcinoma worldwide. It occurs mostly in the upper and middle thirds of the esophagus. We present the case of a young African American woman with Goltz syndrome who presented with dysphagia and weight loss and was found to have distal esophageal papillomatosis and squamous cell carcinoma. This occurrence of ESCC in an atypical location in a young woman without traditional risk factors is suggestive of malignant transformation of underlying papillomatosis. Goltz syndrome is a rare disorder, occasionally associated with esophageal papillomatosis. Although esophageal papillomatosis is considered to be benign, our case shows that it could have malignant potential and hence is likely worthy of surveillance.
Controlling Working Crowds: The Impact of Digitalization on Worker Autonomy and Monitoring Across Hierarchical Levels
Authors: Gerten Elisa , Beckmann Michael , Bellmann Lutz 
Published: March 2019

AbstractThis study investigates the impact of information and communication technologies (ICT) on worker autonomy and monitoring using the second wave of the German Linked Personnel Panel, a linked employer-employee data set. From a theoretical point of view, the impact of ICT on workplace organization is ambiguous. On the one hand, the fast diffusion of ICT among employees makes it possible to monitor professional activities, leading to greater centralization. On the other hand, ICT enable employees to work more autonomously, so that workplace organization becomes more decentralized. Based on ordinary least squares and instrumental variable estimates, we find that ICT promotes both centralization and decentralization tendencies. Furthermore, managerial employees are more affected by ICT-induced monitoring and autonomy than their non-managerial counterparts. Finally, the effect of digital ICT on employee autonomy is more pronounced than the corresponding effect on employee monitoring. Again, this does especially hold for managerial employees. All in all, our results support the view that unlike prior technological revolutions digitalization primarily affects the employment prospects and working conditions of employees at medium and higher hierarchical levels.
The Role of Hours Changes for the Increase in German Earnings Inequality
Authors: Biewen Martin , Plötze Daniela 
Published: March 2019

Abstract
Using data from the German Structure of Earnings Survey (GSES), this paper studies the role of changes in working hours for the increase in male and female earnings inequality between 2001 and 2010. We provide both classic decompositions of the variance of log earnings into the variances of hours, wage rates and their covariance, and decompositions based on reweighting the conditional hours distribution. Depending on the inequality measure considered, our results suggest that between 10 and 30% of the increase in male earnings inequality and 37 to 47% of the increase in female earnings inequality can be explained by changes in working hours. In addition, a large part of the inequality increase can be accounted for by changes in the composition of person and firm characteristics.
Twenty Steps Towards an Adequate Inferential Interpretation of p-Values in Econometrics
Authors: Hirschauer Norbert , Grüner Sven , Mußhoff Oliver , Becker Claudia 
Published: March 2019

Abstract
We suggest twenty immediately actionable steps to reduce widespread inferential errors related to “statistical significance testing.” Our propositions refer to the theoretical preconditions for using p-values. They furthermore include wording guidelines as well as structural and operative advice on how to present results, especially in research based on multiple regression analysis, the working horse of empirical economists. Our propositions aim at fostering the logical consistency of inferential arguments by avoiding false categorical reasoning. They are not aimed at dispensing with p-values or completely replacing frequentist approaches by Bayesian statistics.
Histopathological Image Segmentation Using Modified Kernel-Based Fuzzy C-Means and Edge Bridge and Fill Technique
Authors: Karobari Faiz Mohammad , Suresh Hosahally Narayangowda 
Published: March 2019

Abstract
Histopathological lung cancer segmentation using region of interest is one of the emerging research area in the field of health monitoring system. In this paper, the histopathological images were collected from the database Stanford Tissue Microarray Database (TMAD). After image collection, pre-processing was performed using a normalization technique, which enhances the quality of the histopathological image by eliminating unwanted noise. After pre-processing, segmentation was carried out using the modified kernel-based fuzzy c-means clustering (KFCM) approach along with the edge bridge and fill technique (EBFT). It was a flexible high-level machine learning technique to localize the object in a complex template. The experimental result shows that the proposed approach segments the normal and abnormal cancer regions by means of precision, recall, specificity, accuracy, and Jaccard coefficient. The proposed methodology improved the classification accuracy in lung cancer segmentation up to 2.5–5% compared to the existing methods deep convolutional neural network (DCNN) and diffusion-weighted approach.
A case report and literature review of monoallelic mutation of GHR
Authors: Mitani Marie , Shima Hirohito , Sato Takeshi , Inoguchi Tomohiro , Kamimaki Tsutomu , Fukami Maki , Hasegawa Tomonobu 
Published: March 2019

Abstract

Background
Monoallelic mutations of GHR have been described in idiopathic short stature (ISS), although the significance of these remain unclear. We report a case of ISS with novel monoallelic S219L mutation of GHR and discuss the possible significance of monoallelic GHR mutation in ISS.

Case presentation
The proband, a 13.9-year-old Japanese boy, had severe short stature (−3.8 standard deviation [SD]). Serum insulin-like growth factor (IGF)-I level and growth hormone (GH) secretion was normal. His parents were nonconsanguineous and had normal stature. Genetic analyses revealed a novel monoallelic missense variation in exon 7 of GHR (S219L). The proband’s mother had the same variation. S219L might be the novel mutation judging from there being no registration of it as a single-nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) in any database, evolutional conservation of Ser219, in silico analyses, and computational molecular visualization analysis. Furthermore, a review of the literature showed that the median height of missense mutation carriers of GHR was relatively low.

Conclusions
We propose the possibility that monoallelic mutation of GHR increases the susceptibility to short stature.