bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Effect of Treatment of Mild Gestational Diabetes on Long-Term Maternal Outcomes
Authors: Casey Brian M. , Rice Madeline Murguia , Landon Mark B. , Varner Michael W. , Reddy Uma M. , Wapner Ronald J. , Rouse Dwight J. , Biggio Joseph R. , Thorp John M. , Chien Edward K. , Saade George R. , Peaceman Alan M. , Blackwell Sean C. , Van Dorsten J. Peter ,   for the Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development Maternal-Fetal Medicine Units (MFMU) Network
Published: March 2019

Abstract
Objective The main purpose of this article is to evaluate whether identification and treatment of women with mild gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) during pregnancy affects subsequent maternal body mass index (BMI), anthropometry, metabolic syndrome, and risk of diabetes.
Study Design This is a follow-up study of women who participated in a randomized controlled treatment trial for mild GDM. Women were enrolled between 5 and 10 years after their index pregnancy. Participants underwent blood pressure, height, weight, and anthropometric measurements by trained nursing personnel using a standardized approach. A nurse-assisted questionnaire regarding screening and treatment of diabetes or hypercholesterolemia, diet, and physical activity was completed. Laboratory evaluation included fasting serum glucose, fasting insulin, oral glucose tolerance test, and a lipid panel. Subsequent diabetes, metabolic syndrome, obesity, and adiposity in those diagnosed with mild GDM and randomized to nutritional counseling and medical therapy (treated) were compared with those who underwent routine pregnancy management (untreated). Multivariable analyses were performed adjusting for race/ethnicity and years between randomization and follow-up visit.
Results Four-hundred fifty-seven women with mild GDM during the index pregnancy were included in this analysis (243 treated; 214 untreated) and evaluated at a median 7 years after their index pregnancy. Baseline and follow-up characteristics were similar between treatment groups. Frequency of diabetes (9.2 vs. 8.5%, p =0.80), metabolic syndrome (32.2 vs. 34.3%, p =0.63), as well as adjusted mean values of homeostasis model assessment for insulin resistance (2.5 vs. 2.3, p =0.11) and BMI (29.4 vs. 29.1 kg/m2, p =0.67) were also not different.
Conclusion Identification and treatment of women with mild GDM during pregnancy had no discernible impact on subsequent diabetes, metabolic syndrome, or obesity 7 years after delivery.
Reaction intermediates during operando electrocatalysis identified from full solvent quantum mechanics molecular dynamics
Authors: Cheng Tao , Fortunelli Alessandro , Goddard William A. 
Published: March 2019

Significance
The gap preventing a direct comparison between experiment and atomic simulation still exists due to the unrealistic consideration of the operando experimental condition in commonly used quantum mechanics (QM). In this work, we advanced the QM-based simulation of the electrode–electrolyte interface with explicit consideration of solvent and applied voltage to produce reactive trajectories as input for a two-phase thermodynamics model in generating vibrational density of states that can be directly compared with the reported experimental spectroscopy. After resolving the signals, we successfully distinguished the reactive intermediates in a carbon dioxide reduction reaction, which provides an atomic-scale understanding of this important reaction.
Diverse fate of ubiquitin chain moieties: The proximal is degraded with the target, and the distal protects the proximal from removal and recycles
Authors: Sun Hao , Mali Sachitanand M. , Singh Sumeet K. , Meledin Roman , Brik Ashraf , Kwon Yong Tae , Kravtsova-Ivantsiv Yelena , Bercovich Beatrice , Ciechanover Aaron 
Published: March 2019

Significance
The canonical targeting signal for degrading proteins by the ubiquitin (Ub) system—a chain composed of multiple Ub moieties—has remained a mystery. The structure of the proteasome, the enzyme that recognizes the signal and degrades the target substrate cannot explain why such a long chain is needed. To better understand this problem, we synthesized α-globin to which chains with different number of Ubs were attached. In long adducts, the proximal Ub remains on the substrate, likely securing its attachment to the proteasome, and is degraded with it. The distal Ub protects the proximal from removal by deubiquitinating enzymes and is then removed and recycled. In short adducts, the Ub moieties are rapidly removed, and the substrate remains stable.
A corpus for signed language interpreting research
Authors: Wehrmeyer Ella 
Published: March 2019

Abstract
Because of the visual nature of signed language, the compilation of a signed language interpreting corpus along
the lines of spoken-language interpreting corpora has been viewed as extremely challenging, if not impossible. This study offers a
unique contribution in the construction of a lemmatized, annotated text-based corpus of signed language media interpretations,
which allows analysis of interesting features using readily-available concordance software. In this article, characteristics of
original (not interpreted) signed language corpora are explored in terms of metadata conventions, transcription and annotation, in
order to provide a framework for an interpreting corpus. Within this framework, the decisions and steps taken in the construction
of the interpreting corpus are discussed and explained.
Investigating the presumed cognitive advantage of aspiring interpreters
Authors: Rosiers Alexandra , Woumans Evy , Duyck Wouter , Eyckmans June 
Published: March 2019

Abstract
In complex tasks such as interpreting, the importance of a well-functioning working memory can hardly be
overestimated. However, empirical studies have failed to produce consistent results with regard to an interpreter advantage in
working memory. Recent studies tend to focus on the executive component of working memory. To our knowledge, no such study has
compared the possible cognitive advantage of aspiring interpreters relative to other multilinguals before training takes place, in
spite of the fact that excellent cognitive abilities are considered important in many interpreter selection procedures. In this
study, we compared the working memory capacity and executive functions of a group of 20 student interpreters with two other groups
of advanced language users who were all at the start of their Master’s training. Data were collected on three executive control
functions: inhibition, shifting and updating. A forward and a backward digit span task for measuring the participants’ working
memory capacity was also included in this study. Results revealed only negligible differences between the three groups at onset of
training. The presumed cognitive advantage of aspiring interpreters with regard to executive control was not found.
Feedback in conference interpreter education
Authors: Domínguez Araújo Lara 
Published: March 2019

AbstractFeedback is a key part of the teaching and learning process in conference interpreter education. However, there is little research on how feedback should be performed in order to promote learning, or on what trainers and trainees think of its role. This paper, based on a larger PhD research project, seeks to fill this gap by reporting on perceptions and practices in three postgraduate conference interpreter training programs. Data were collected from trainers and trainees through individual interviews, focus groups, and questionnaires, complemented by direct observation of lessons. Content analysis was used to identify points of divergence and convergence between the views of trainers and trainees regarding the usefulness of feedback, preferred practices, and the difficulty of providing feedback. Main findings include that feedback should be honest, concise, and meaningful for the trainees, and provide an analysis of the problems encountered as well as recommend specific strategies for overcoming them.
The origin of English clause-initial quotative inversion
Authors: Cichosz Anna 
Published: March 2019

Abstract
This study is a corpus-based investigation of the development of English clause-initial quotative inversion, i.e.
the construction in which a reporting clause with SV inversion is placed before the quoted message. The analysis makes use of
various corpora of historical and contemporary English in order to document quantity and quality changes in the investigated
construction in all stages of English. The study shows that the construction observed in Present Day English has developed in a
continuous way since the period of Old English, although it has been a low-frequency pattern in each historical period. Moreover,
the construction has developed differently in British and American English. In the former variety, the clause-initial quotative
inversion is still quite rare and limited to newspapers, mostly tabloids; in the latter, it is quite widespread in magazines,
where it shows an exceptionally high frequency and a growing collocational range.
The accommodation of intelligible segmental pronunciation
Authors: O’Neal George 
Published: March 2019

Abstract
This qualitative and quantitative study applies conversation analytic methodology to the examination of mutual
intelligibility, and then quantifies the segmental repairs and segmental adjustments that were required to maintain
intelligibility in English as a Lingua Franca interactions among students at a Japanese university. In the qualitative portion,
sequential analysis was used to ascertain the segmental repairs that were utilized to maintain mutual intelligibility and to
identify the pronunciations that interactants oriented to as unintelligible and intelligible, which can then be compared to
determine the segmental adjustments that changed an unintelligible pronunciation into an intelligible one. In the quantitative
portion, the segmental repairs and the segmental adjustments were quantified in order to assess which kinds of segmental repairs
and segmental adjustments are most frequent. This study concludes that reactive repair is the most frequent segmental repair, and
modification is the most frequent segmental adjustment.
THE ASSAY OF GALACTOKINASE AND GALACTOSE-1-PHOSPHATE URIDYL TRANSFERASE ACTIVITY IN HUMAN ERYTHROCYTES
Authors: Robinson Arthur 
Published: March 2019

In the article by Dr. Robinson, page 360, paragraph 5 under Methods:
Leloir's ethanol-acetate solvent (1 M sodium acetate pH 7.5)
should read:
Leloir's ethanol-acetate solvent (1 M sodium acetate pH 3.8)
Towards a strategic research agenda for social sciences and humanities in radiological protection
Authors: Perko Tanja , Van Oudheusden Michiel , Turcanu Catrinel , Pölzl-Viol Christiane , Oughton Deborah , Schieber Caroline , Schneider Thierry , Zölzer Friedo , Mays Claire , Martell Meritxell , Baudé Stéphane , Choffel de Witte Ilma , Prlic Ivica , Cantone Marie Claire , Salomaa Sisko , Duranova Tatiana , Economides Sotiris , Molyneux-Hodgson Susan 
Published: March 2019

Abstract
Reflecting a change in funding strategies for European research projects, and a commitment to the idea of responsible research and innovation in radiological protection (RP), a collective of research institutes and universities have developed a prospective Strategic Research Agenda (SRA) for Social Sciences and Humanities (SSH) in radiological protection. This is the first time such a research agenda has been proposed. This paper identifies six research lines of interest and concern: (1) Effects of social, psychological and economic aspects on RP behaviour; (2) Holistic approaches to the governance of radiological risks; (3) Responsible research and innovation in RP; (4) Stakeholder engagement and participatory processes in RP research, development, policy and practice; (5) Risk communication; and (6) RP cultures. These topics were developed through broad stakeholder consultation, in conjunction with activities carried out in the framework of various projects and initiatives (EU H2020 CONCERT programme, the EU FP7 projects OPERRA, PREPARE and EAGLE, the 2015–2018 RICOMET series of conferences, and the 2014 and 2016 International Symposia on Ethics of Environmental Health); as well as through dialogues with members of the European radiation protection research communities. The six research lines open opportunities to integrate a range of key social and ethical considerations into RP, thereby expanding research opportunities and programmes and fostering collaborative approaches to research and innovation.
Convergence of Teichmüller deformations in the universal Teichmüller space
Authors: Miyachi Hideki , Šarić Dragomir 
Published: March 2019

Let

φ
:

D

→

C

\varphi :\mathbb {D}\to \mathbb {C}

be an integrable holomorphic function on the unit disk

D

\mathbb {D}

and let

D

φ

:

D

→
T
(

D

)

D_{\varphi }:\mathbb {D}\to T(\mathbb {D})

be the corresponding Teichmüller disk in the universal Teichmüller space

T
(

D

)

T(\mathbb {D})

. For a positive

t
t

it is known that

D

φ

(
t
)
→
[

μ

φ

]
∈
P
M

L
b

(

D

)

D_{\varphi }(t)\to [\mu _{\varphi }]\in PML_b(\mathbb {D})

as

t
→
1

t\to 1

, where

μ

φ

\mu _{\varphi }

is a bounded measured lamination representing a point on the Thurston boundary of

T
(

D

)

T(\mathbb {D})

. We extend this result by showing that

D

φ

:

D

→
T
(

D

)

D_{\varphi }\colon \mathbb {D}\to T(\mathbb {D})

extends as a continuous map from the closed disk

D

¯

\overline {\mathbb {D}}

to the Thurston bordification. In addition, we prove that the rate of convergence of

D

φ

(
λ
)

D_{\varphi }(\lambda )

when

λ
→

e

i
θ

\lambda \to e^{i\theta }

is independent of the type of the approach to

e

i
θ

∈
∂

D

e^{i\theta }\in \partial \mathbb {D}

.
Differences by Sex in Cardiovascular Comorbid Conditions Among Older Adults (Aged 50–64 or ≥65 Years) Receiving Care for Human Immunodeficiency Virus
Authors: Frazier Emma L , Sutton Madeline Y , Tie Yunfeng , Fagan Jennifer , Fanfair Robyn Neblett 
Published: March 2019

AbstractBackgroundDifferences by sex in cardiovascular comorbid conditions among human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)–infected persons aged 50–64 years have been understudied; even fewer data are available for persons aged ≥65 years.MethodsWe used matched interview and medical record abstraction data from the 2009–2012 data cycles of the Medical Monitoring Project, a nationally representative sample of HIV-infected adults in care. We included men and women aged 50–64 and ≥65 years at time of interview. We calculated weighted prevalence estimates and used logistic regression to compute adjusted prevalence differences and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) assessing sex differences in various characteristics and cardiovascular comorbid conditions. Comorbid conditions included overweight/obesity (body mass index ≥25), abnormal total cholesterol level (defined as ≥200 mg/dL), diagnosed diabetes mellitus, or diagnosed hypertension.ResultsOf 7436 participants, 89.5% were aged 50–64 years and 10.4% aged ≥65 years, 75.1% were men, 40.4% (95% CI, 33.5%–47.2%) were non-Hispanic black, 72.0% (70.4%–73.6%) had HIV infection diagnosed ≥10 years earlier. After adjustment for sociodemographic and behavioral factors, women aged 50–64 years were more likely than men to be obese (adjusted prevalence difference, 8.4; 95% CI, 4.4–12.3), have hypertension (3.9; .1–7.6), or have high total cholesterol levels (9.9; 6.2–13.6). Women aged ≥65 years had higher prevalences of diabetes mellitus and high total cholesterol levels than men.ConclusionsCardiovascular comorbid conditions were prevalent among older HIV-infected persons in care; disparities existed by sex. Closer monitoring and risk-reduction strategies for cardiovascular comorbid conditions are warranted for older HIV-infected persons, especially older women.
Changes in Invasive Pneumococcal Disease Spectrum After 13-Valent Pneumococcal Conjugate Vaccine Implementation
Authors: Levy Corinne , Varon Emmanuelle , Ouldali Naim , Béchet Stéphane , Bonacorsi Stéphane , Cohen Robert 
Published: March 2019

Abstract

Background
Pneumococcal conjugate vaccine (PCV) implementation has led to a sharp decrease in invasive pneumococcal disease (IPD) due to the reduction in PCV serotypes. We aimed to describe the changes in the spectrum of IPD and its clinical presentations after 13-valent PCV (PCV13) implementation.

Methods
This prospective, hospital-based, active surveillance involved 130 pediatric wards and microbiology departments throughout France. We analyzed IPD cases from 2011 to 2016 for which a pneumococcal isolate was sent to the National Reference Center for Pneumococci for serotyping. Clinical data recorded were medical history, vaccination status, type of IPD, clinical features, and short-term evolution.

Results
Among 1082 IPD cases, we observed a 35.3% decrease (95% confidence interval, 29.2%–41.8%]) and the median age shifted from 38.3 months to 23.7 months (P = .007). The change in IPD type was mostly due to a reduction in bacteremic pneumonia frequency (from 42.1% to 19.1%; P &lt; .001). Among the emerging non-PCV13 types (NVTs), those known to have the highest disease potential (8, 12F, 24F, and 33F) were isolated more frequently in patients without underlying conditions and were able to induce all IPD clinical presentations including bacteremic pneumonia. Conversely, serotypes with lower disease potential (15A, 15BC, 16F, and 23B) were rarely isolated from bacteremic pneumonia cases and were particularly involved in IPD in patients with underlying conditions (35.8%).

Conclusions
Besides the decrease in IPD after 7-valent, then 13-valent PCV implementation, the spectrum of the remaining IPD cases showed significant changes, with substantial discrepancies across NVTs implicated in terms of clinical features and underlying conditions.
Effect of an exercise rehabilitation program on physical function over 1 year in chronic kidney disease: an observational study
Authors: Hargrove Nicholas , Tays Quinn , Storsley Leroy , Komenda Paul , Rigatto Claudio , Ferguson Thomas , Tangri Navdeep , Bohm Clara 
Published: March 2019

Abstract

Background
Exercise rehabilitation may help maintain physical function in chronic kidney disease (CKD), but long-term clinical effectiveness is unknown. We evaluated the effect of an exercise rehabilitation program on physical function over 1 year in individuals with CKD.

Methods
This clinical program evaluation included adults with CKD (any stage) registered in a provincial renal program from 1 January 2011 to 31 March 2016. Attenders were referred to and attended a 10-week exercise rehabilitation program (n = 117). Nonattenders were referred, but did not attend the program (n = 133). Individuals enrolled in a longitudinal frailty study (n = 318) composed a second control group. Primary outcome: Change in physical function [short physical performance battery (SPPB) score]. Secondary outcomes included change in health-related quality of life, physical activity, exercise behaviour, hospitalization over 1 year. Predictors of improved SPPB were assessed using logistic regression.

Results
In sum, 53, 40 and 207 participants completed 1-year follow-up in attender, nonattender and second control groups, respectively. Baseline median SPPB [interquartile range (IQR)] scores were 10.5 (9–12), 10 (8–12) and 9 (7–11) in attender, nonattender and second control groups, respectively (P = 0.02). Mean change in SPPB score over 1 year was not significantly different between groups (P = 0.7). Attenders with baseline SPPB score &lt;12, trended toward increased likelihood of improved SPPB score at 1 year [odds ratio (OR) 2.18; 95% confidence interval (CI) 0.95–5.02; P = 0.07]. More attenders (60%) exercised regularly at 1 year than nonattenders (35%) (P = 0.03).

Conclusions
The impact of clinical exercise rehabilitation programs on physical function at 1 year needs further delineation. However, our observation of improved exercise behaviour at 1 year suggests sustained benefits with such programs in CKD.
Behavioural factors affecting the adoption of sustainable farming practices: a policy-oriented review
Authors: Dessart François J , Barreiro-Hurlé Jesús , van Bavel René 
Published: March 2019

AbstractThis paper reviews the findings from the last 20 years on the behavioural factors that influence farmers’ decisions to adopt environmentally sustainable practices. It also proposes policy options to increase adoption, based on these behavioural factors and embedded in the EU Common Agricultural Policy. Behavioural factors are grouped into three clusters, from more distal to more proximal: (i) dispositional factors; (ii) social factors and (iii) cognitive factors. Overall, the review demonstrates that considering behavioural factors enriches economic analyses of farmer decision-making, and can lead to more realistic and effective agri-environmental policies.
Evidence for the natural occurrence of Wolbachia in Aedes aegypti mosquitoes
Authors: Balaji Sivaraman , Jayachandran Seetharaman , Prabagaran Solai Ramatchandirane 
Published: March 2019

ABSTRACT
Wolbachia, a Gram-negative bacterium, is widely known to be present in arthropods and nematodes. Of late, great impetus is given to employ this intracellular bacterium, as an alternative to conventional biocontrol agents for the control of mosquitoes because of its inherent ability to induce sperm–egg incompatibility, feminisation etc. By employing molecular tools, we have shown the presence of Wolbachia from Aedes aegypti mosquito population collected from Coimbatore, India by PCR amplifying the Ae. aegypti mosquito genome with Wolbachia specific 16S rRNA, wsp and ftsZ gene primers. The phylogenetic analysis of these gene sequences incorporating MLST and GenBank reference sequences has confirmed the occurrence of Wolbachia supergroup B in Ae. aegypti. In addition, qRT-PCR results have shown the dynamics of Wolbachia across the developmental stages of mosquito. The absence of Wolbachia in tetracycline-treated Ae. aegypti mosquitoes evidenced by transmission electron microscopy reinforced our finding conclusively. After confirming their persistence through generations, we have designated Wolbachia from Ae. aegypti as wAegB. In our considered view, wAegB could play a dynamic role in impeding mosquito multiplication and consequently impinging transmission of the dreadful dengue.