bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Marijuana and Its Implications in Breast Reduction Surgery Outcomes and Quality of Life: A Matched Analysis
Authors: Ewing Jane N. , Amro Chris , Chang Ashley , Gala Zachary , Lemdani Mehdi S. , Broach Robyn B. , Fischer John P. , Serletti Joseph M. , Azoury Saïd C. 
Published: November 2024

Background:
With marijuana use on the rise, its influence on surgical outcomes, particularly for breast reduction, warrants investigation. This study aims to clarify marijuana’s effects on breast reduction surgery outcomes, given its limited research focus despite potential perioperative implications.

Methods:
A retrospective review was conducted from 2016 to 2022 of patients with/without marijuana use undergoing breast reduction. Propensity score-matching considered age, body mass index, ptosis, and breast tissue mass. Patient demographics, clinical attributes, and postoperative details were analyzed. Quality-of-life (QoL) changes were gauged using pre- and postoperative BREAST-Q.

Results:
Of 415 patients who underwent breast reduction, 140 patients documented marijuana use. After propensity matching, a total of 108 patients (54 marijuana users versus 54 nonusers) were analyzed. The average age was 39 years ± 12 and body mass index 30.1 kg/m2 ± 5.3. There were no differences between the 2 groups in comorbidities, breast symmetry, excision patterns, pedicle use, or drain count (P > 0.05). Furthermore, surgical outcomes including surgical site occurrences, scarring, pain levels, hypersensitivity, or sensation loss were comparable between the groups (P > 0.05). There were also no differences in number of readmissions, reoperations, or emergency department visits (P > 0.05). Both groups showed enhanced postoperative QoL, regardless of marijuana usage.

Conclusions:
This study indicates that marijuana use does not significantly impact breast reduction surgery outcomes. Comparable surgical results and postoperative QoL improvements were observed in both marijuana users and nonusers. This study provides surgeons with the knowledge to offer more informed patient counseling regarding the implications of marijuana use in relation to breast reduction procedures.
Tranexamic Acid in Rhinoplasty and Septoplasty: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials
Authors: Khajuria Ankur , Khademi Mansour Hamid Reza , Muhammad Ibrahim , Asare Akua , Tammasse Iin , Suresh Jonathan , Leiberman Christopher , Pacheco-Barrios Niels , Brown Stav , Dogan Teoman , Rohrich Rod 
Published: November 2024

Background:
Perioperative bleeding is a challenge in rhinoplasty and septoplasty. Tranexamic acid (TXA) may help reduce this, but its effectiveness is unclear. This systematic review and meta-analysis aimed to evaluate TXA’s impact on bleeding in these procedures.

Methods:
The protocol was registered a priori to PROSPERO (CRD42023393458). PubMed, Embase, Google Scholar, and Web of Science were searched from inception to October 2023. Eligible studies were randomized controlled trials of adult patients undergoing rhinoplasty or septoplasty. Primary outcomes were intraoperative blood loss, surgery duration, and surgeon satisfaction. A random-effects model was used. Methodological quality was assessed using GRADE. The risk of bias was assessed using Cochrane’s RoB 2 tool for randomized studies.

Results:
The search yielded 154 results; 11 randomized controlled trials, with 968 patients, were included. The meta-analysis showed a significant reduction in intraoperative blood loss with TXA (MD −39.67; 95% CI: −15.10 to −64.24; P = 0.002) and superior surgeon satisfaction in favor of TXA use (SMD −2.73; 95% CI: −5.33 to −0.12; P = 0.04). Subgroup analyses for intraoperative blood loss, according to administration routes, were also in favor of intravenous TXA (MD −13.02; 95% CI: −1.65 to −24.38; P = 0.02) and oral TXA (MD −44.98; 95% CI: −83.66 to −6.31; P = 0.02); no statistical difference was noted in surgery duration (MD −0.99; 95% CI: 0.63 to −2.81; P = 0.23). All studies were found to be of high quality, with low bias.

Conclusions:
The findings support TXA’s efficacy in reducing blood loss during rhinoplasty and septoplasty, with high surgeon satisfaction.
Diluted Indocyanine Green Angiography: A Novel Approach to Free Flap Perfusion Evaluation in Reconstructive Microsurgery
Authors: Atmodiwirjo Parintosa , Ramadan Mohamad Rachadian , Wicaksana Aditya , Djohan Michael , Amanda Nadira Fildza , Ralena Nadhira Anindita , Dilogo Ismail Hadisoebroto , Priambodo Purnomo Sidi , Werdhani Retno Asti , Yunir Em , Rachmadi Lisnawati , Harahap Alida Roswita , Yusuf Prasandhya Astagiri , Hasibuan Lisa , Mito Daisuke 
Published: November 2024

Background:
Assessing perfusion in free flaps is crucial in clinical practice. Indocyanine green (ICG) angiography offers a more objective and reproducible method, utilizing near-infrared imaging to monitor flap vascularization. This study aims to evaluate the efficacy of diluted ICG as a tool for assessing free flap perfusion.

Methods:
This pilot randomized clinical trial compares the fluorescence concentrations of ICG at 3 different dilutions: 5 mg/mL (standard concentration), 2.5 mg/mL (half the standard concentration), and 0.5 mg/mL (one-tenth of the standard concentration). Inclusion criteria required participants to have serum albumin levels above 3 g/dL, hemoglobin levels over 10 g/dL, and no comorbidities. Participants were randomized into 3 groups based on ICG concentration. Fluorescence analysis was performed using ImageJ software to determine mean gray values. Both surgeons and data analysts were blinded to the ICG concentrations administered, ensuring unbiased evaluation.

Results:
Forty-five patients undergoing free flap surgery, predominantly male (60%) with a mean age of 37.76 ± 19.79 years and a mean body mass index of 21.23 ± 4.49 kg/m², primarily received osteoseptocutaneous fibular free flaps (46.67%), with an average skin flap area of 66.07 ± 46.94 cm². The primary etiology was underlying tumors (84.4%), with the head and neck as the most common reconstruction site (82.2%). The superior thyroid artery was the most frequently used recipient vessel (37.78%). Analysis revealed mean gray values of 64.10 ± 8.27 (5 mg/mL), 79.03 ± 2.7 (2.5 mg/mL), and 33.56 ± 3.47 (0.5 mg/mL), with 2.5 mg/mL yielding the highest value (P < 0.001).

Conclusions:
Findings suggest using 2.5 mg/mL concentration enhances fluorescence emission, offering a dosage alternative in clinical practice.
Retropupillary sulcus gas migration after retinal detachment repair surgery
Authors: Naik Mayuresh , Aslam Sher , Mi Fang Helen 
Published: November 2024

PURPOSE:
To elucidate etiology and management of retropupillary sulcus migration of intravitreal gas after uneventful retinal detachment repair surgery

METHODS:
70 year old Caucasian man presented with a temporal macula-off rhegmatogenous retinal detachment. 25-gauge (25G) pars plana vitrectomy was performed with cryopexy to retinal tear and 12% C3F8 gas tamponade under sub-Tenon's anaesthesia. At one week review, there was an elevated IOP of 28mmHg with migration of gas to the retropupillary space. Superiorly, iris was displaced anteriorly causing iridocorneal touch. There was no phacodonesis nor subluxation and retina was attached with a cryopexy scar under a 80% vitreous cavity gas fill.

RESULT:
On treatment with topical IOP-lowering agents until two-week review, IOP had normalised to 18mmHg with persistent 50% gas fill in the retropupillary sulcus and superior iridocorneal touch.
Retropupillary gas resorbed at week four with normalisation of IOP, a localised superior anterior subcapsular cataract with associated posterior synechiae, and no iridocorneal touch. Best-corrected visual acuity was 6/12 Snellen following resorption of vitreous cavity gas.

CONCLUSION:
Medical management may be adequate if there is no complete pupil block and adequate posterior gas fill. With complete pupil block, refractory IOP elevation, or inadequate posterior tamponade resulting in failure of retinal attachment, surgical intervention would be required
Corneal Endothelial Keratoprosthesis EndoArt in Patients with Glaucoma at High Risk of Graft Failure After Keratoplasty
Authors: Wiedemann Johanna , Hos Deniz , Mestanoglu Mert , Cursiefen Claus , Bachmann Björn 
Published: November 2024

Purpose:
The novel endothelial keratoprosthesis EndoArt improves corneal edema by reducing the inflow of aqueous humor into the cornea. We assessed the early outcome after EndoArt implantation in patients at a high risk of graft failure after keratoplasty.

Methods:
This retrospective study included 14 patients with high-risk eyes owing to at least one of the following risk factors for graft failure after keratoplasty: multiple previous surgeries (glaucoma surgery, keratoplasty) and recurrent intraocular inflammation because of uveitis, aniridia, or anterior synechia. After descemetorhexis, the EndoArt keratoprosthesis was placed on the posterior stroma, secured with a gas bubble and 1 to 3 transcorneal holding sutures. Best spectacle-corrected visual acuity and central corneal thickness were calculated preoperatively and postoperatively. In addition, detachment of the keratoprosthesis and the need for additional gas injections (rebubbling) were analyzed.

Results:
Octafluoropropane (C3F8) 12% in 11 patients and sulfur hexafluoride 20% in 3 patients were used to attach EndoArt. Detachments requiring at least 1 rebubbling occurred in 8 eyes. Preoperative best spectacle-corrected visual acuity was 1.6 (±0.6) logarithm of the minimal angle of resolution and improved to 1.3 (±0.6) after 12 weeks. Preoperative central corneal thickness (771.8 μm ± 157) significantly decreased postoperatively in all patients (622.1 μm ± 184.7 [P = 0.025] and 562.8 μm ± 183.6 [P = 0.012] after 6 and 12 weeks, respectively).

Conclusions:
EndoArt improved visual acuity and significantly reduced corneal thickness within 3 months postoperatively, subjectively, but not statistically significantly. The rebubbling rates in this cohort with an altered anterior segment anatomy were relatively high. Patients at a high risk of graft failure may benefit from this novel endothelial keratoprosthesis.
Sociodemographic Predictors of Keratoconus (Severity, Treatment, and Progression) in a Tertiary Center in New York City
Authors: Gad Rania E. , Serrano Andres , Dal Col Alexis , Kutler Rachel , Trief Danielle , Lin Weijie V. , Rand Gabriel , Florakis George J. , Suh Leejee H. 
Published: November 2024

Purpose:
To identify sociodemographic factors as predictors of keratoconus severity, progression, disease outcomes, and appropriate management in a tertiary care ophthalmology institute in the New York City metropolitan area.

Methods:
This is a retrospective chart review. Patients with keratoconus presenting at a tertiary eye institute in an urban setting seen between 2015 and 2022 were included. Sociodemographic data including age, sex, race, ethnicity, income derived from zip code, insurance coverage, and preferred language were recorded. These sociodemographic factors were analyzed as possible predictors of keratoconus severity at presentation (Amsler–Krumeich grades III and IV): patients presenting with acute hydrops, patients receiving corneal cross-linking or corneal transplant, patients showing 1 or more diopters of increase of Kmax during their follow-up, and patients having longer time between the provider's recommendation of corneal cross-linking and the time of the procedure.

Results:
The retrospective review included 634 patients with a clinical diagnosis of keratoconus. Factors associated with severe keratoconus at presentation in the multivariate analysis were non-White (P < 0.001), lowest income (Q1) (P = 0.018), Q2 income (P = 0.012), and having Medicaid/Medicare coverage (P = 0.021). Medicaid/Medicare coverage was the only factor associated with acute hydrops (P < 0.001), and younger age was the only factor associated with disease progression (P < 0.001). Younger patients and patients with commercial insurance coverage were more likely to receive corneal collagen cross-linking (P < 0.001 and P < 0.001, respectively), whereas patients with Medicaid/Medicare coverage, lowest income, and non-White race were more likely to receive corneal transplantation (P = 0.012, P = 0.062, and P = 0.028, respectively). Medicaid/Medicare was the only factor associated with delay in receiving corneal collagen cross-linking (P = 0.013).

Conclusions:
Our study demonstrates that there are sociodemographic predictors of keratoconus disease severity, progression, and the type and the time of treatment the patients received. This confirms eye health disparities among patients with keratoconus.
Clinical Utility of Polygenic Risk Scores for Embryo Selection: A Points to Consider Statement of the American College of Medical Genetics and Genomics (ACMG)
Authors: Grebe Theresa A. , Khushf George , Greally John M. , Turley Patrick , Foyouzi Nastaran , Rabin-Havt Sara , Berkman Benjamin E. , Pope Kathleen , Vatta Matteo , Kaur Shagun ,   On Behalf of the ACMG Social, Ethical, and Legal Issues Committee
Published: November 2024

(Abstracted from Genet Med 26:101052)
Polygenic risk scores (PRSs) quantify the combined associations of multiple single nucleotide variations in an individual’s genome to estimate their likelihood of developing certain diseases based on population data. Although PRS availability for adults is currently limited, it is expected to grow.
Impact of Different Progesterone Timings on Live Birth Rates for Blastocyst Frozen Embryo Transfer Cycles
Authors: Zhou Ruiqiong , Dong Mei , Wang Zhaoyi , Huang Li , Wang Songlu , Chen Ye , Zhu Zhenghong , Zhang Xiqian , Liu Fenghua 
Published: November 2024

(Abstracted from Reprod Biomed Online 2024;49(4):104307)
Assisted reproductive technology use has been increasing exponentially within the last few decades, with frozen embryo transfer (FET) cycles among them. In preparation for an FET cycle, patients can undergo a natural cycle or an artificial cycle designed to simulate a natural cycle with exogenous estrogen and progesterone.
Digital Health Utilization in Spinal Cord Injury
Authors: Bernard Renaldo M. , Oña Ana , Seijas Vanessa , Diviani Nicola , Sabariego Carla 
Published: November 2024

Objective
The objective of this study was to describe the use of digital health tools by people with spinal cord injury and associated factors.

Design
Cross-sectional data from the 2022 Swiss Spinal Cord Injury Cohort Study (SwiSCI) were analyzed. Descriptive statistics summarized data regarding sociodemographic characteristics, self-management, health, and digital health usage. Multiple logistic regression analysis examined the association of digital health use with reasons of use, concerns, confidence, sociodemographic characteristics, self-management, and comorbidities.

Results
Among 961 participants, 69% used digital health tools. Females were 1.79 times more likely to adopt them. People aged 60–70 had 3.84 times higher usage rates than 18–30 yrs old. Longer spinal cord injury duration increased usage by 0.98 times/year. Confidence using digital tools and positive health attitudes predicted usage. Comorbidities were positively correlated with usage. Concerns about digital health utilization had no significant impact.

Conclusions
Our study provides one of the first comprehensive descriptions of digital health utilization in spinal cord injury. Its findings shed light on the intricate factors influencing digital health utilization, contribute to a deeper understanding of this patient population, and pave the way for more targeted and effective digital tools and strategies for their uptake.
Is Home Care Use Associated With Secondary Health Conditions in Persons With Spinal Cord Injury? Findings From a Longitudinal Cohort Study
Authors: Wagner Aylin , Brach Mirjam , Scheel-Sailer Anke , Friedli Manuela , Hund-Georgiadis Margret , Jordan Xavier , Schubert Martin , Gemperli Armin 
Published: November 2024

Objective
The aims of the study are to describe the use of professional home care in persons with spinal cord injury over a 10-yr period from 2012 to 2022 and to examine how the use of home care is associated with the future occurrence of secondary health conditions and hospitalizations.

Design
This is a longitudinal questionnaire survey as part of the Swiss Spinal Cord Injury Cohort Study, conducted in 2012, 2017, and 2022.

Results
There were 1549, 1294, and 1158 participants in the three surveys in 2012, 2017, and 2022. The percentage of home care users decreased from 23% in 2012 to 22% in 2017 and 19% in 2022. Fewer home care recipients reported pain (odds ratio 0.52, 95% confidence interval 0.29–0.94), with no reductions in other secondary health conditions, 5 yrs later. Study participants who received home care were more likely to be hospitalized (odds ratio 1.89, 95% confidence interval 1.05–3.42), 5 yrs later.

Conclusions
There is a declining trend in the use of home care services among persons with SCI. While home care is associated with lesser development of pain, it does not generally reduce secondary health conditions. Individuals who receive home care are significantly more likely to report hospitalization 5 yrs later.
177Lu-FAP-2286 Therapy in a Case of Squamous Lung Cancer
Authors: Li Linwei , Chen Lingzhi , Zhang Yanlang , Zhang Yu , Chen Yue 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
We reported a 72-year-old man who was diagnosed with squamous lung cancer and received 2 cycles of 177Lu-FAP-2286 treatment. Radiological remission was observed on follow-up FAP imaging 7 months later with squamous cell carcinoma antigen decreased to normal level. No other abnormality monitored by routine laboratory examination was noted.
Accurate deep-learning model to differentiate dementia severity and diagnosis using a portable electroencephalography device
Authors: Hata Masahiro , Yanagisawa Takufumi , Miyazaki Yuki , Omori Hisaki , Hirashima Atsuya , Nakagawa Yuta , Eto Mitsuhiro , Yoshiyama Kenji , Kanemoto Hideki , Nyamradnaa Byambadorj , Yoshimoto Shusuke , Ezure Kotaro , Takahashi Shun , Ikeda Manabu 
Published: November 2024

AbstractMild cognitive impairment (MCI) and dementia present critical health challenges in aging populations, highlighting the need for prompt and accurate diagnostic methods. Current diagnostic approaches for dementia are constrained by limited access to specialists and the high cost or invasiveness of the diagnostic methods, necessitating the development of widely accessible, cost-effective, and noninvasive alternatives. Electroencephalography (EEG) is a promising, accessible, cost-effective, noninvasive biomarker of dementia. However, traditional EEG systems are limited by their lack of portability and need for skilled technicians. This study proposes a deep-learning-based model to differentiate healthy volunteers (HVs) from patients with dementia-related conditions using data from portable EEG devices. A dataset of 233 participants, including 119 HVs and 114 patients categorized by severity and clinical diagnosis, was analyzed. We developed a customized transformer-based model to analyze the EEG data transformed into frequency-domain features using a short-time Fourier transform. The model was evaluated using 10-fold cross-validation and a hold-out dataset. In cross-validation, the model achieved an area under the curve (AUC) of 0.872 and a balanced accuracy (bACC) of 80.8% in distinguishing HVs from patients. Subgroup analyses by severity and clinical diagnosis yielded AUCs of 0.812 to 0.898 and bACCs of 74.9 to 86.4%, respectively. Comparable performance was observed in the holdout dataset, except for small sample sizes. These findings highlight the potential of portable EEG devices and deep-learning models as practical tools for dementia screening.
Timing and Predictors of Tuberculosis Incidence among Contacts
Authors: Asare-Baah Michael , Lauzardo Michael , Johnston Lori , Dominique Lina , Séraphin Marie Nancy 
Published: November 2024

AbstractContact investigations are crucial for tuberculosis (TB) control, yet the temporal dynamics of disease progression among exposed contacts remain poorly understood. Here, we analyzed a retrospective cohort of 44,106 contacts of 6,243 TB cases identified through the Florida Department of Health surveillance system (2009-2023). During the 15-year follow-up period, 454 individuals within this cohort developed active TB disease. Using survival analysis and mixed-effect Cox proportional hazards models, we determined that the median time to TB disease onset was 11 months following the initial contact investigation. The risk of progression to TB disease varied markedly by age and immune status. Children aged 0-5 years showed nearly seven times higher risk of TB disease progression compared to adults 65 years and older (aHR = 6.66, 95% CI: 1.33-33.27). HIV-positive contacts demonstrated a five-fold increased risk (aHR = 4.75, 95% CI: 2.43-9.30) relative to HIV-negative individuals. These findings indicate that the risk of TB transmission and disease progression persists beyond initial contact investigation activities and varies significantly across demographic and clinical subgroups, suggesting the need for extended contact monitoring and age-specific preventive strategies, particularly for young children and immunocompromised individuals.
Longitudinal Digital Phenotyping of Multiple Sclerosis Severity Using Passively Sensed Behaviors and Ecological Momentary Assessments
Authors: Xia Zongqi , Chikersal Prerna , Venkatesh Shruthi , Walker Elizabeth , Dey Anind , Goel Mayank 
Published: November 2024

ABSTRACTBackgroundLongitudinal tracking of multiple sclerosis (MS) symptoms in an individual’s own environment may improve self-monitoring and clinical management for people with MS (pwMS).ObjectiveWe present a machine learning approach that enables longitudinal monitoring of clinically relevant patient-reported symptoms for pwMS by harnessing passively collected data from sensors in smartphones and fitness trackers.MethodsWe divide the collected data into discrete periods for each patient. For each prediction period, we first extract patient-level behavioral features from the current period (action features) and the previous period (context features). Then, we apply a machine learning (ML) approach based on Support Vector Machine with Radial Bias Function Kernel and AdaBoost to predict the presence of depressive symptoms (every two weeks) and high global MS symptom burden, severe fatigue, and poor sleep quality (every four weeks).ResultsBetween November 16, 2019, and January 24, 2021, 104 pwMS (84.6% women, 93.3% non-Hispanic White, 44.0±11.8 years mean±SD age) from a clinic-based MS cohort completed 12-weeks of data collection, including a subset of 44 pwMS (88.6% women, 95.5% non-Hispanic White, 45.7±11.2 years) who completed 24-weeks of data collection. In total, we collected approximately 12,500 days of passive sensor and behavioral health data from the participants. Among the best-performing models with the least sensor data requirement, ML algorithm predicts depressive symptoms with an accuracy of 80.6% (35.5% improvement over baseline; F1-score: 0.76), high global MS symptom burden with an accuracy of 77.3% (51.3% improvement over baseline; F1-score: 0.77), severe fatigue with an accuracy of 73.8% (45.0% improvement over baseline; F1-score: 0.74), and poor sleep quality with an accuracy of 72.0% (28.1% improvement over baseline; F1-score: 0.70). Further, sensor data were largely sufficient for predicting symptom severity, while the prediction of depressive symptoms benefited from minimal active patient input in the form of response to two brief questions on the day before the prediction point.ConclusionsOur digital phenotyping approach using passive sensors on smartphones and fitness trackers may help patients with real-world, continuous, self-monitoring of common symptoms in their own environment and assist clinicians with better triage of patient needs for timely interventions in MS (and potentially other chronic neurological disorders).