bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Susceptibility of three Colombian Aedes aegypti Linnaeus (Diptera: Culicidae) populations to a Lysinibacillus sphaericus formulation
Authors: Santana‐Martínez Juan Camilo , Rojas‐Pinzón Paula Andrea , Dussán Jenny 
Published: October 2019

AbstractThe increased incidence of vector‐borne diseases and insecticide resistance in mosquitos constitute public health concerns in the tropics. Biological control is an effective alternative in the management of Aedes aegypti Linnaeus populations. Lysinibacillus sphaericus a bacterium proved to be harmless for non‐target organisms has shown promising entomopathogenic activity. In Colombia, the control of A. aegypti using L. sphaericus has not been contemplated as part of vector control programmes. To assess the susceptibility of three A. aegypti populations to a L. sphaericus formulation consisting of vegetative cells of 2362 and III(3)7 strains, simulated‐field bioassays were conducted in the municipalities of Ricaurte in Cundinamarca and Tauramena in Casanare, as well as in the municipal inspection of San Joaquin, Cundinamarca. Sixty larvae were deposited in a test device, which contained nine litres of chlorine‐free tap water and 100 ml of the bacterial formulation (109 CFU/ml). Six replicates were set‐up for treatment with bacteria and for the control. Larvae mortality was recorded at 24 and 48 hr. The three A. aegypti populations were susceptible to L. sphaericus formulation with a mortality rate higher than 90% at 48 hr. The formulation of L. sphaericus comprised of vegetative cells of 2362 and III(3)7 strains showed promising results that could guarantee the implementation of this formulation to control of A. aegypti populations.
Effects of dietary supplementation with nanocurcumin on quality and safety of meat from broiler chicken infected with Eimeria species
Authors: Partovi Razieh , Seifi Saeed , Pabast Mahdieh , Babaei Amir 
Published: October 2019

AbstractCoccidiosis is the most common parasitic disease of poultry which causes economic damage not only by mortality, but also by impaired growth rate, malabsorption, body weight loss, and the negative effects on the product's yield and quality. This study was conducted to evaluate the effect of dietary supplementation with nanocurcumin on carcass characteristics and physical and chemical properties of broiler chicken breast meat infected with Eimeria acervulina, Eimeria maxima, and Eimeria tenella. Fifty one‐day‐old chicks were randomly assigned to five treatment groups: (1) noninfected/nonmedicated, (2) infected/nonmedicated, (3) infected/medicated (nanocurcumin 300 mg/kg), (4) infected/medicated (nanocurcumin 400 mg/kg), and (5) infected/medicated (antibiotic). Carcass characteristics of Group 3 improved in comparison with Groups 4 and 2, significantly (p < .05). Groups 3 and 4 decreased drip loss and cooking loss and increased protein content in comparison with Group 2. Groups 3 and 4 showed significantly higher a* values in comparison to Group 2 at the first and the 30th day under freeze condition. TBARS value of Group 2 was higher than Group 1, while Group 3 had significantly lower TBARS value than Group 2. SDS‐PAGE patterns and DSC profiles do not show any differences. Nanocurcumin (300 mg/kg) can be used as a potential promising feed additive in poultry production.Practical applicationsConsidering the economic losses due to negative effects of coccidiosis on growth rate and meat quality of broiler chicken, nanocurcumin as a natural and safe food additive can be a promising approach to improve the nutritional value and organoleptic factors of poultry meat during shelf life.
Failure of sentinel lymph node mapping in a patient with endometrial cancer with chronic lymphocytic leukemia: A case report
Authors: Vatansever Dogan , Giray Burak , Kumcular Tuncer , Ekemen Suheyla , Arvas Macit , Taskiran Cagatay 
Published: October 2019

AbstractWe aimed to report a detection failure of sentinel lymph node (SLN) mapping via indocyanine green in a patient with endometrial cancer with a previous history of chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL), which is a potential risk factor to obstruct lymphatic channels. A 64‐year‐old woman with a 12‐year history of CLL presented to the clinic with grade 2 endometrioid carcinoma. The patient underwent laparoscopic surgical staging. Indocyanine green was used intraoperatively to locate the SLN. No lymph node or lymphatic vessels were identified during SLN mapping. At the final pathology, the morphological findings of CLL were detected in the lymph nodes without metastasis of endometrial cancer. Sentinel lymph node mapping failure due to obstruction of lymphatic channels in a patient with CLL was demonstrated in this study. This is the first report to the best of our knowledge showing SLN mapping failure in the presence of lymphoproliferative diseases.
Transabdominal versus transvaginal specimen extraction in mini‐laparoscopic surgery
Authors: Soyman Zeynep , Kelekci Sefa , Aydogmus Serpil , Demirel Emine , Ekmekci Emre 
Published: October 2019

AbstractAimThe objective of this study was to present our experiences of tissue extraction via the transvaginal (TV) route after a mini‐laparoscopic gynecological surgery and compare them with our transabdominal (TA) specimen extraction experiences.MethodsThis prospective randomized controlled study was conducted in a tertiary care center between July 2014 and February 2016. Fifty‐eight women who were undergoing mini‐laparoscopy for adnexal mass removal were randomized into two groups according to the surgical specimen removal by the TV route (n = 28) or the TA route (n = 30). The main outcome measures were the postoperative incisional pain, cosmetic outcomes and overall satisfaction rate. The secondary outcome measures were additional blood loss, additional operation duration and the need for morcellation.ResultsThe TV group had significantly lower visual analog scale scores than the TA group at 6 and 24 h postoperatively. The morcellation needs were lower in the TV group than in the TA group. Three months after the surgery, the participants scored a higher rate of overall satisfaction in the cosmetic outcomes in the TV group than in the TA group.ConclusionTissue extraction through a posterior colpotomy after mini‐laparoscopic surgery may be a feasible technique for improving cosmetic results, decreasing postoperative pain and decreasing the need for morcellation when compared to TA specimen retrieval.
Association Among Internal Assets, Bullying, and Emotional Distress in Eighth Grade Students
Authors: Fredkove Windy M. , Gower Amy L. , Sieving Renee E. 
Published: October 2019

ABSTRACTBACKGROUNDAdolescents are in a unique developmental stage, ideal for initiating healthy behaviors and benefiting from health promotion interventions. In this study, we used positive youth development and resilience frameworks, to investigate the role of internal assets as a protective factor for bullying and emotional distress among early adolescents, with attention to whether those associations vary by sex.METHODSThis is a secondary analysis of the 2013 Minnesota Student Survey, a cross‐sectional, population‐based survey of Minnesota youth. Participating eighth grade students (N = 42,841) reported on internal assets, physical, relational and cyberbullying involvement, and emotional distress.RESULTSLogistic regression analyses, stratified by sex and controlling for sociodemographic characteristics, revealed that students with higher internal assets had lower odds of all forms of bullying victimization and perpetration than those with lower internal assets. Higher levels of internal assets were also associated with lower odds of emotional distress. All associations were significant for boys and girls, but appeared stronger for girls.CONCLUSIONSFindings indicate that internal assets may buffer young teens from bullying and from the emotional distress that may result from bullying involvement. Approaches bolstering internal assets may be beneficial for combating bullying and emotional distress during early adolescence.
“The right to lead”: Navajo language, dis‐citizenship, and Diné presidential politics
Authors: Jacobsen Kristina , Thompson Kerry F. 
Published: October 2019

AbstractThis article examines the 2014 Navajo Nation presidential primary election and language debate as a window into the politics of Navajo heritage language and identity. Using Facebook posts written in response to a videotaped hearing testing the fluency of one of the candidates that subsequently went viral, we analyse social citizenship and stigmatized language identities through the lens of critical Diné (Navajo) language consciousness. Focusing on generational differences between speaker groups that undergirded this debate, we analyse (a) the fluency test itself and (b) online and ethnographic responses to the fluency test. Using discourse analysis of Facebook posts of both heritage language and new Navajo speakers, we show how new speakers in particular express investment in their language and Diné cultural continuity and, through their emphasis on the heterogeneity of contemporary Diné communicative practices, offer an alternative template for ways to move forward in Diné language reclamation efforts.
Performance of beer sensory panels: A comparison of experience level, product knowledge, and responsiveness to feedback calibration
Authors: Elgaard Line , Jensen Sidsel , Mielby Line A. , Byrne Derek V. 
Published: October 2019

AbstractThis study investigated the effect of level of sensory experience and type of product knowledge on panel performance during a descriptive analysis. Additionally, the applicability of the feedback calibration method (FCM) was investigated for use with different types of panels. A well‐established expert panel (professional product specific knowledge) was compared to (a) a newly trained product‐specific panel (interest based product specific knowledge) and (b) a well‐established general panel (general product knowledge). Results showed that the overall product sensory profiles generated by the three panels were similar. However, analysis of the panels' repeatability, discriminability, attribute understanding, and use of scale displayed that the product‐specific panel performed more similar to the professional beer panel and was therefore superior compared to the general panel. The applicability of FCM was most effective for the newly trained panel, compared to the more extensively trained panel.Practical applicationsSensory descriptive analysis is one of the basic tools in the field of sensory science. However, recent focus in research has been to investigate faster and more cost‐efficient methods, resulting in a decrease in research on the methodology of classical sensory descriptive analysis. The methodology of descriptive analysis still has many unanswered questions regarding panel selection and training. The results of the current study indicate that product specificity is more important than sensory experience when studying complex foods like beer. More attention should therefore be applied to type of panel, when conducting descriptive analysis of complex products. Furthermore, the results show that the feedback calibration method (FCM) is more advantageous for training of panels with less sensory experience, though beneficial for all types of panels. The general guideline is therefore to include FCM as part of the training procedure for all type of panels.
The alkylaminoalkanethiosulfuric acids exhibit in-vitro antileishmanial activity against Leishmania (Viannia) braziliensis: a new perspective for use of these schistosomicidal agents
Authors: Porcino Gabriane Nascimento , Antinarelli Luciana Maria Ribeiro , Maia Ana Carolina Ribeiro Gomes , Faria-Pinto Priscila , Taunay-Rodrigues Alessandro , Zech Coelho Paulo Marcos , Nelson David Lee , Penido Marcus Luiz Oliveira , Coimbra Elaine Soares , Vasconcelos Eveline Gomes 
Published: October 2019

Abstract

The alkylaminoalkanethiosulfuric acids (AAATs) are amphipathic compounds effective against experimental schistosomiasis, of low toxicity, elevated bioavailability after a single oral dose and prompt tissue absorption.

Objectives
To explore the in-vitro antileishmanial potential of AAATs using five compounds of this series against Leishmania (Viannia) braziliensis.

Methods
Their effects on promastigotes and axenic amastigotes, and cytotoxicity to macrophages were tested by the MTT method, and on Leishmania-infected macrophages by Giemsa stain. Effects on the mitochondrial membrane potential of promastigotes and axenic amastigotes and DNA of intracellular amastigotes were tested using JC-1 and TUNEL assays, respectively.

Key findings
The 2-(isopropylamino)-1-octanethiosulfuric acid (I) and 2-(sec-butylamino)-1-octanethiosulfuric acid (II) exhibit activity against both promastigotes and intracellular amastigotes (IC50 25-35 µm), being more toxic to intracellular parasites than to the host cell. Compound I induced a loss of viability of axenic amastigotes, significantly reduced (30%) the mitochondrial membrane potential of both promastigotes and axenic amastigotes and promoted selective DNA fragmentation of the nucleus and kinetoplast of intracellular amastigotes.

Conclusions
In this previously unpublished study of trypanosomatids, it is shown that AAATs could also exhibit selective antileishmanial activity, a new possibility to be investigated in oral treatment of leishmaniasis.
Pharmacokinetics, pharmacodynamics and safety studies on URB937, a peripherally restricted fatty acid amide hydrolase inhibitor, in rats
Authors: Vozella Valentina , Ahmed Faizy , Choobchian Paoula , Merrill Collin B , Zibardi Cristina , Tarzia Giorgio , Mor Marco , Duranti Andrea , Tontini Andrea , Rivara Silvia , Piomelli Daniele 
Published: October 2019

Abstract

Objectives
URB937, a peripheral fatty acid amide hydrolase (FAAH) inhibitor, exerts profound analgesic effects in animal models. We examined, in rats, (1) the pharmacokinetic profile of oral URB937; (2) the compound's ability to elevate levels of the representative FAAH substrate, oleoylethanolamide (OEA); and (3) the compound's tolerability after oral administration.

Methods
We developed a liquid chromatography/tandem mass spectrometry (LC/MS-MS) method to measure URB937 and used a pre-existing LC/MS-MS assay to quantify OEA. FAAH activity was measured using a radioactive substrate. The tolerability of single or repeated (once daily for 2 weeks) oral administration of supramaximal doses of URB937 (100, 300, 1000 mg/kg) was assessed by monitoring food intake, water intake and body weight, followed by post-mortem evaluation of organ structure.

Key findings
URB937 was orally available in male rats (F = 36%), but remained undetectable in brain when administered at doses that maximally inhibit FAAH activity and elevate OEA in plasma and liver. Acute and subchronic treatment with high doses of URB937 was well-tolerated and resulted in FAAH inhibition in brain.

Conclusions
Pain remains a major unmet medical need. The favourable pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic properties of URB937, along with its tolerability, encourage further development studies on this compound.
Positive interaction facilitates landscape homogenization by shrub expansion in the forest–tundra ecotone
Authors: Kitagawa Ryo , Masumoto Shota , Nishizawa Keita , Kaneko Ryo , Osono Takashi , Hasegawa Motohiro , Uchida Masaki , Mori Akira S. 
Published: October 2019

AbstractQuestionsChanges in vegetation structure, including shrub expansion, occur in forest–tundra ecotones in sub‐arctic regions. However, the community‐level processes driving vegetation change are poorly understood. We aimed to evaluate factors mediating the assembly processes for community initiators of vegetation change and determine the ecological processes driving vegetation changes.LocationKuujjuarapik/Whapmagoostui (55.31 N, 77.75 W), Quebec, Canada.MethodsVegetation was surveyed in eight 100‐m line transects with 16 quadrats (1 m × 1 m) per transect established in both forest and tundra habitats. To elucidate the assembly processes of the initiators of vegetation change and other community components of the forest–tundra ecotone, we evaluated β‐diversity among and within habitats and its causal factors (i.e. spatial and environmental factors). Interspecies interactions were estimated based on the patterns of co‐occurrence between all pairs of species.ResultsAlthough environmental and spatial factors significantly affected the community structure of the specific and shared species in the forest habitat, the variation in community structure within and among tundra habitats was not explained by environmental or spatial factors for any community components. Therefore, community assemblages of shared species in tundra habitat were independent from local conditions determined by environment and spatial location. However, we found a positive co‐occurrence pattern among the dominant shared shrubs to be a characteristic of the tundra habitat, and this relationship explained the patterns of community structure within tundra habitats.ConclusionsCommunity assemblages of initiators of vegetation change in tundra habitats are unrestricted by any external factors, such as dispersal limitation or environmental filtering. However, positive relationships in the abundance or occurrence of dominant shrubs may indicate a positive feedback loop between colonizing species and environmental modifications. This positive feedback loop may be a driving process in the expansion of shared species and vegetation change.
Improved survival prediction and comparison of prognostic models for patients with hepatocellular carcinoma treated with sorafenib
Authors: Labeur Tim A. , Berhane Sarah , Edeline Julien , Blanc Jean‐Frederic , Bettinger Dominik , Meyer Tim , Van Vugt Jeroen L. A. , Ten Cate David W. G. , De Man Robert A. , Eskens Ferry A. L. M. , Cucchetti Alessandro , Bonnett Laura J. , Van Delden Otto M. , Klümpen Heinz‐Josef , Takkenberg R. Bart , Johnson Philip J. 
Published: October 2019

AbstractBackgroundThe ‘Prediction Of Survival in Advanced Sorafenib‐treated HCC’ (PROSASH) model addressed the heterogeneous survival of patients with hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) treated with sorafenib in clinical trials but requires validation in daily clinical practice. This study aimed to validate, compare and optimize this model for survival prediction.MethodsPatients treated with sorafenib for HCC at five tertiary European centres were retrospectively staged according to the PROSASH model. In addition, the optimized PROSASH‐II model was developed using the data of four centres (training set) and tested in an independent dataset. These models for overall survival (OS) were then compared with existing prognostic models.ResultsThe PROSASH model was validated in 445 patients, showing clear differences between the four risk groups (OS 16.9‐4.6 months). A total of 920 patients (n = 615 in training set, n = 305 in validation set) were available to develop PROSASH‐II. This optimized model incorporated fewer and less subjective parameters: the serum albumin, bilirubin and alpha‐foetoprotein, and macrovascular invasion, extrahepatic spread and largest tumour size on imaging. Both PROSASH and PROSASH‐II showed improved discrimination (C‐index 0.62 and 0.63, respectively) compared with existing prognostic scores (C‐index ≤0.59). ConclusionsIn HCC patients treated with sorafenib, individualized prediction of survival and risk group stratification using baseline prognostic and predictive parameters with the PROSASH model was validated. The refined PROSASH‐II model performed at least as good with fewer and more objective parameters. PROSASH‐II can be used as a tool for tailored treatment of HCC in daily practice and to define pre‐planned subgroups for future studies.
Modeling urban growth using video prediction technology: A time‐dependent convolutional encoder–decoder architecture
Authors: Jaad Ahmed , Abdelghany Khaled 
Published: October 2019

AbstractThis paper presents a novel methodology for urban growth prediction using a machine learning approach. The methodology treats successive historical satellite images of an urban area as a video for which future frames are predicted. It adopts a time‐dependent convolutional encoder–decoder architecture. The methodology's input includes a satellite image for the base year and the prediction horizon. It constructs an image that predicts the growth of the urban area for any given target year within the specified horizon. A sensitivity analysis is performed to determine the best combination of parameters to achieve the highest prediction performance. As a case study, the methodology is applied to predict the urban growth pattern for the Dallas–Fort Worth area in Texas, with focus on two of its counties that observed significant growth over the past decade. The methodology is shown to produce results that are consistent with other growth prediction studies conducted for the areas.
A wheat transcription factor positively sets seed vigour by regulating the grain nitrate signal
Authors: Li Wenjing , He Xue , Chen Yi , Jing Yanfu , Shen Chuncai , Yang Junbo , Teng Wan , Zhao Xueqiang , Hu Weijuan , Hu Mengyun , Li Hui , Miller Anthony J. , Tong Yiping 
Published: October 2019

Summary

Seed vigour and early establishment are important factors determining the yield of crops. A wheat nitrate‐inducible NAC transcription factor, TaNAC2, plays a critical role in promoting crop growth and nitrogen use efficiency (NUE), and now its role in seed vigour is revealed. A TaNAC2 regulated gene was identified that is a NRT2‐type nitrate transporter TaNRT2.5 with a key role in seed vigour.

Overexpressing TaNAC2‐5A increases grain nitrate concentration and seed vigour by directly binding to the promoter of TaNRT2.5‐3B and positively regulating its expression. TaNRT2.5 is expressed in developing grain, particularly the embryo and husk.

In Xenopus oocyte assays TaNRT2.5 requires a partner protein TaNAR2.1 to give nitrate transport activity, and the transporter locates to the tonoplast in a tobacco leaf transient expression system. Furthermore, in the root TaNRT2.5 and TaNRT2.1 function in post‐anthesis acquisition of soil nitrate. Overexpression of TaNRT2.5‐3B increases seed vigour, grain nitrate concentration and yield, whereas RNA interference of TaNRT2.5 has the opposite effects.

The TaNAC2‐NRT2.5 module has a key role in regulating grain nitrate accumulation and seed vigour. Both genes can potentially be used to improve grain yield and NUE in wheat.