bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A Kinetic Approach to the Oxidation of Linseed Oil as Influenced by Fruit Peel and Seeds of Pomegranate
Authors: Golmakani Mohammad‐Taghi , Keramat Malihe , Zare Darniyani Leila 
Published: September 2019

AbstractThe objective of this research is to analyze the kinetic parameters of linseed oil by treating it with pomegranate peel and seeds at 353, 368, and 383 K using Rancimat. There are no significant differences (p < 0.05) between the oxidative stability indices of samples containing pomegranate peel and pomegranate seeds. In addition, the indices pertaining to the oxidative stability of linseed oil increase in value as the concentrations of pomegranate peel and seeds increase. Apart from the pomegranate peel at 0.1% and the quercetin, all other antioxidants are able to reduce the severity of temperature‐related parameters (i.e., temperature coefficient and Q10 values). In addition, these antioxidants are able to form an activated complex with lower levels of thermal energy (by reducing activation energy and enthalpy) but of more structured configuration (by reducing the frequency factor and entropy). A high correlation is found between the Gibbs free‐energy of activation and the oxidative stability index of samples. The most substantial increase in the Gibbs free‐energy of activation occurs by TBHQ, followed by gallic acid, quercetin, and pomegranate peel at 1%.Practical Applications: Linseed oil is characterized by its high amounts of essential polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs). The high PUFA content of linseed oil contributes to its rapid oxidation. Pomegranate peel and seeds are valuable sources of natural antioxidants. Investigating the effect of pomegranate peel and seeds in reducing the dependence of linseed oil oxidation on temperature provides a range of valuable kinetic parameters. Nevertheless, this subject has received little attention so far. There are few published data regarding the effect of natural antioxidants on lipid oxidation by this approach. Accordingly, this study is designed to investigate the oxidation kinetics and mechanisms of linseed oil as manipulated by fruit peel and seeds of pomegranate. The results show that the fruit peel and seeds of pomegranate can improve the oxidative stability of linseed oil and reduce the severity of effects caused by undesirable temperatures that may increase the oxidation rate of linseed oil.
Resistant rock layers amplify cosmogenically‐determined erosion rates
Authors: Darling Andrew , Whipple Kelin , Bierman Paul , Clarke Brian , Heimsath Arjun 
Published: September 2019

AbstractPrior numerical modeling work has suggested that incision into sub‐horizontal layered stratigraphy with variable erodibility induces non‐uniform erosion rates even if base‐level fall is steady and sustained. Erosion rates of cliff bands formed in the stronger rocks in a stratigraphic sequence can greatly exceed the rate of base‐level fall. Where quartz in downstream sediment is sourced primarily from the stronger, cliff‐forming units, erosion rates estimated from concentrations of cosmogenic beryllium‐10 (10Be) in detrital sediment will reflect the locally high erosion rates in retreating cliff bands. We derive theoretical relationships for threshold hillslopes and channels described by the stream‐power incision model as a quantitative guide to the potential magnitude of this amplification of 10Be‐derived erosion rates above the rate of base‐level fall. Our analyses predict that the degree of erosion rate amplification is a function of bedding dip and either the ratio of rock erodibility in alternating strong and weak layers in the channel network, or the ratio of cliff to intervening‐slope gradient on threshold hillslopes. We test our predictions in the cliff‐and‐bench landscape of the Grand Staircase in southern Utah, USA. We show that detrital cosmogenic erosion rates in this landscape are significantly higher (median 300 m/Ma) than the base‐level fall rate (~75 m/Ma) determined from the incision rate of a trunk stream into a ~0.6 Ma basalt flow emplaced along a 16 km reach of the channel. We infer a 3–6‐fold range in rock strength from near‐surface P‐wave velocity measurements. The approximately four‐fold difference between the median 10Be‐derived erosion rate and the long‐term rate of base‐level fall is consistent with our model and the observation that the stronger, cliff‐forming lithologies in this landscape are the primary source of quartz in detrital sediments. © 2020 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
SDN, slicing, and NFV paradigms for a smart home: A comprehensive survey
Authors: Ben Azzouz Lamia , Jamai Intissar 
Published: September 2019

AbstractLiving in a smart home is an entirely new experience, which enhances our everyday life. Many manufactures and internet of things service providers developed their own smart home services from which the customer can benefit from running a software over his smartphone or tablet. Today, it is becoming increasingly complex for the homeowner to control and manage the growing number of heterogeneous home connected devices through a multitude of available services. Several researchers proposed to improve the home area network design by introducing the software defined networking approach. Although, the software‐defined network (SDN) approach has many advantages, combining it with other approaches like slicing and network function virtualization can give more benefits such as improving the quality of service and the quality of experience, the management, and the control of the network. In this review, we present and discuss recent works that improve the design of the home area network considering SDN or a combination of SDN with slicing and network function virtualization.
Cardioprotective effects of curcumin and carvacrol in doxorubicin‐treated rats: Stereological study
Authors: Jafarinezhad Zahra , Rafati Ali , Ketabchi Farzaneh , Noorafshan Ali , Karbalay‐Doust Saied 
Published: September 2019

AbstractDoxorubicin (DOX) is a cardiotoxic drug. To reduce the harmful effects of DOX, two plant‐derived components, including curcumin (CUR) and carvacrol (CAR), were considered. This study aimed to assess the protective effects of CUR and CAR on DOX‐induced cardiotoxicity using physiological and stereological evaluations. Male rats were randomly allocated to six groups. Group's I‐VI received phosphate‐buffered saline (PBS), CUR (100 mg kg−1 day−1), CAR (50 mg kg−1 day−1), DOX (4 mg kg−1 week−1), DOX‐CUR, and DOX‐CAR, respectively. On day 24, plasma troponin I and ECG were analyzed and the left ventricle underwent stereological assessment. The results showed a fivefold increase in troponin I in the DOX‐treated animals compared to the PBS ones. Additionally, heart rate and QRS amplitude, respectively, reduced by 18% and 31% and QT interval and QRS duration, respectively, increased by 41% and 24% in the DOX group in comparison with the PBS rats (p < .05). The total volume of the myocardium and vessels and the number of cardiomyocyte nuclei also, respectively, decreased by 30%, 45%, and 43% in the DOX group compared to the PBS animals (atrophy of the ventricular tissues,p < .01). Besides, the mean volumes of the connective tissue and cardiomyocytes, respectively, increased by 46% and 52% in the DOX group (p < .01). In the DOX‐CUR and DOX‐CAR groups, the changes were prevented extensively in comparison with the DOX group (p < .01). Co‐administration of CUR or CAR and doxorubicin for 24 days could improve the heart function and structural changes.
New insights on supercritical CO2fracturing coal mass: a staged analysis method
Authors: Yan Hao , Zhang Jixiong , Li Meng , Suo Yu , Liu Hengfeng 
Published: September 2019

AbstractAs a water‐less fracturing mining technology, supercritical CO2fracturing has attracted increasing attention in the mining industry. Based on detailed analysis of CO2phase behavior in the whole process of supercritical CO2fracturing, the whole cycle of supercritical CO2fracturing was divided into the supercritical CO2fracturing stage and the CO2phase transition–induced fracturing stage, and according to the characteristics of each fracturing stage, the fracturing mechanism of supercritical CO2was analyzed in stages, and the roles of the two stages in the life cycle of the entire supercritical CO2fracturing process were obtained. Through the laboratory test of supercritical CO2fracturing coal mass, the pressure–time curves during the whole process of supercritical CO2fluid fracturing were analyzed, and the rationality and correctness of the supercritical CO2fracturing staged analysis method proposed in this paper were verified. Based on the energy conservation theory and the state function equation of classical thermodynamics, the burst energy of the CO2phase transition–induced fracturing stage was estimated. By comparing the trinitrotoluene equivalent of phase‐transition energy with the trinitrotoluene amount of explosive explosion, it was proved that the CO2phase transition–induced fracturing stage was not negligible. The research results of this paper are of considerable significance for the full understanding of the supercritical CO2fracturing mechanism. © 2019 Society of Chemical Industry and John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Gene expression profiling reveals a conserved microglia signature in larval zebrafish
Authors: Mazzolini Julie , Le Clerc Sigrid , Morisse Gregoire , Coulonges Cédric , Kuil Laura E. , van Ham Tjakko J. , Zagury Jean‐François , Sieger Dirk 
Published: September 2019

AbstractMicroglia are the resident macrophages of the brain. Over the past decade, our understanding of the function of these cells has significantly improved. Microglia do not only play important roles in the healthy brain but are involved in almost every brain pathology. Gene expression profiling allowed to distinguish microglia from other macrophages and revealed that the full microglia signature can only be observed in vivo. Thus, animal models are irreplaceable to understand the function of these cells. One of the popular models to study microglia is the zebrafish larva. Due to their optical transparency and genetic accessibility, zebrafish larvae have been employed to understand a variety of microglia functions in the living brain. Here, we performed RNA sequencing of larval zebrafish microglia at different developmental time points: 3, 5, and 7 days post fertilization (dpf). Our analysis reveals that larval zebrafish microglia rapidly acquire the core microglia signature and many typical microglia genes are expressed from 3 dpf onwards. The majority of changes in gene expression happened between 3 and 5 dpf, suggesting that differentiation mainly takes place during these days. Furthermore, we compared the larval microglia transcriptome to published data sets of adult zebrafish microglia, mouse microglia, and human microglia. Larval microglia shared a significant number of expressed genes with their adult counterparts in zebrafish as well as with mouse and human microglia. In conclusion, our results show that larval zebrafish microglia mature rapidly and express the core microglia gene signature that seems to be conserved across species.
Astrocytes enhance glioblastoma growth
Authors: Mega Alessandro , Hartmark Nilsen Mette , Leiss Lina Wik , Tobin Nicholas P. , Miletic Hrvoje , Sleire Linda , Strell Carina , Nelander Sven , Krona Cecilia , Hägerstrand Daniel , Enger Per Ø. , Nistér Monica , Östman Arne 
Published: September 2019

AbstractGlioblastoma (GBM) is a deadly disease with a need for deeper understanding and new therapeutic approaches. The microenvironment of glioblastoma has previously been shown to guide glioblastoma progression. In this study, astrocytes were investigated with regard to their effect on glioblastoma proliferation through correlative analyses of clinical samples and experimental in vitro and in vivo studies. Co‐culture techniques were used to investigate the GBM growth enhancing potential of astrocytes. Cell sorting and RNA sequencing were used to generate a GBM‐associated astrocyte signature and to investigate astrocyte‐induced GBM genes. A NOD scid GBM mouse model was used for in vivo studies. A gene signature reflecting GBM‐activated astrocytes was associated with poor prognosis in the TCGA GBM dataset. Two genes, periostin and serglycin, induced in GBM cells upon exposure to astrocytes were expressed at higher levels in cases with high “astrocyte signature score”. Astrocytes were shown to enhance glioblastoma cell growth in cell lines and in a patient‐derived culture, in a manner dependent on cell–cell contact and involving increased cell proliferation. Furthermore, co‐injection of astrocytes with glioblastoma cells reduced survival in an orthotopic GBM model in NOD scid mice. In conclusion, this study suggests that astrocytes contribute to glioblastoma growth and implies this crosstalk as a candidate target for novel therapies.
Vitamin D Receptor Activation in Liver Macrophages Ameliorates Hepatic Inflammation, Steatosis, and Insulin Resistance in Mice
Authors: Dong Bingning , Zhou Ying , Wang Wei , Scott Jessica , Kim KangHo , Sun Zhen , Guo Qi , Lu Yang , Gonzales Naomi M. , Wu Huaizhu , Hartig Sean M. , York Robert Brian , Yang Feng , Moore David D. 
Published: September 2019

Background and Aims
Obesity‐induced chronic inflammation is a key component in the pathogenesis of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) and insulin resistance. Increased secretion of proinflammatory cytokines by macrophages in metabolic tissues promotes disease progression. In the diet‐induced obesity (DIO) mouse model, activation of liver resident macrophages, or Kupffer cells (KCs), drives inflammatory responses, which recruits circulating macrophages and promotes fatty liver development, and ultimately contributes to impaired hepatic insulin sensitivity. Hepatic macrophages express the highest level of vitamin D receptors (VDRs) among nonparenchymal cells, whereas VDR expression is very low in hepatocytes. VDR activation exerts anti‐inflammatory effects in immune cells.

Approach and Results
Here we found that VDR activation exhibits strong anti‐inflammatory effects in mouse hepatic macrophages, including those isolated from DIO livers, and mice with genetic loss of Vdr developed spontaneous hepatic inflammation at 6 months of age. Under the chronic inflammation conditions of the DIO model, VDR activation by the vitamin D analog calcipotriol reduced liver inflammation and hepatic steatosis, significantly improving insulin sensitivity. The hyperinsulinemic euglycemic clamp revealed that VDR activation greatly increased the glucose infusion rate, while hepatic glucose production was remarkably decreased. Glucose uptake in muscle and adipose did not show similar effects, suggesting that improved hepatic insulin sensitivity is the primary contributor to the beneficial effects of VDR activation. Finally, specifically ablating liver macrophages by treatment with clodronate liposomes largely abolished the beneficial metabolic effects of calcipotriol, confirming that VDR activation in liver macrophages is required for the antidiabetic effect.

Conclusions
Activation of liver macrophage VDRs by vitamin D ligands ameliorates liver inflammation, steatosis and insulin resistance. Our results suggest therapeutic paradigms for treatment of NAFLD and type 2 diabetes mellitus.
Discovery and Validation of a Biomarker Model (PRESERVE) Predictive of Renal Outcomes After Liver Transplantation
Authors: Levitsky Josh , Asrani Sumeet K. , Klintmalm Goran , Schiano Thomas , Moss Adyr , Chavin Kenneth , Miller Charles , Guo Kexin , Zhao Lihui , Jennings Linda W. , Brown Merideth , Armstrong Brian , Abecassis Michael 
Published: September 2019

Background and Aims
A high proportion of patients develop chronic kidney disease (CKD) after liver transplantation (LT). We aimed to develop clinical/protein models to predict future glomerular filtration rate (GFR) deterioration in this population.

Approach and Results
In independent multicenter discovery (CTOT14) and single‐center validation (BUMC) cohorts, we analyzed kidney injury proteins in serum/plasma samples at month 3 after LT in recipients with preserved GFR who demonstrated subsequent GFR deterioration versus preservation by year 1 and year 5 in the BUMC cohort. In CTOT14, we also examined correlations between serial protein levels and GFR over the first year. A month 3 predictive model was constructed from clinical and protein level variables using the CTOT14 cohort (n = 60). Levels of β‐2 microglobulin and CD40 antigen and presence of hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection predicted early (year 1) GFR deterioration (area under the curve [AUC], 0.814). We observed excellent validation of this model (AUC, 0.801) in the BUMC cohort (n = 50) who had both early and late (year 5) GFR deterioration. At an optimal threshold, the model had the following performance characteristics in CTOT14 and BUMC, respectively: accuracy (0.75, 0.8), sensitivity (0.71, 0.67), specificity (0.78, 0.88), positive predictive value (0.74, 0.75), and negative predictive value (0.76, 0.82). In the serial CTOT14 analysis, several proteins, including β‐2 microglobulin and CD40, correlated with GFR changes over the first year.

Conclusions
We have validated a clinical/protein model (PRESERVE) that early after LT can predict future renal deterioration versus preservation with high accuracy. This model may help select recipients at higher risk for subsequent CKD for early, proactive renal sparing strategies.
Optimal design with entropy generation minimization approach in combined natural convection with surface radiation in a two‐dimensional enclosure
Authors: Dashti Mohammad Amin , Safavinejad Ali 
Published: September 2019

AbstractAnalysis of combined natural convection with surface radiation in a two‐dimensional enclosure is carried out. To search the optimal location of the heat source, the entropy generation minimization approach and conventional heat transfer parameters are used and compared. Air is considered as an incompressible fluid and transparent media filling the enclosure with a steady and laminar regime. The enclosure internal surfaces are also gray, opaque, and diffused. The governing equations are solved using the finite difference approach. The results show that with increase in emissivity, entropy generation decreases, and as the Rayleigh number increases, the rate of entropy generation increases. Furthermore, optimum design with the maximum dimensionless temperature and convective Nusselt number confirms the applicability of the second law for optimal design.
Toxicological safety evaluation of a novel highly bioavailable turmeric extract formulation
Authors: Phipps Kirt R. , Quesnot Nicolas , Privat Killian , Baldwin Nigel J. , Ahlborn Eugene , Fança‐Berthon Pascale 
Published: September 2019

AbstractTurmeric (Curcuma longa L.) extracts have a long history of use worldwide, but a major limitation of these extracts is their extremely low oral bioavailability, caused by low absorption, rapid metabolism and rapid excretion following ingestion. Thus, a new highly bioavailable turmeric extract formulation (comprising turmeric extract, acacia gum, sunflower oil and quillaia extract) has been developed and is intended for use as a food ingredient. Safety of this novel extract was evaluated using the standard Tier 1 battery of in vitro genotoxicity tests (bacterial reverse mutation test and an in vitro mammalian cell micronucleus test) followed by repeated‐dose 28‐ and 90‐day oral toxicity studies in rats. In the 90‐day study, male and female Sprague‐Dawley rats were dosed once daily, by oral gavage, either with the vehicle or the test item at 500, 1500 or 3000 mg/kg body weight/day. Clinical examinations were conducted regularly, and body weights and food consumption were recorded weekly throughout the study. At the end of the study, blood samples were analyzed for clinical pathology parameters, before a macroscopic necropsy was conducted and a full list of tissues were examined histopathologically. There was no evidence of genotoxicity in vitro. No test item‐related adverse effects were observed in the 28‐ or 90‐day studies; therefore, 3000 mg/kg body weight/day (the maximum feasible dose and highest dose tested in rats) was established as the no‐observed‐adverse‐effect level.
Cultural considerations for treating Hispanic patients with eating disorders: A case study illustrating the effectiveness of CBT in reducing bulimia nervosa symptoms in a Latina patient
Authors: Patmore Jacqueline , Meddaoui Brianna , Feldman Helen 
Published: September 2019

AbstractEating disorders (ED's) are the deadliest of all mental disorders, yet there is a paucity of research examining the clinical presentation of eating disorders in Hispanic populations and limited guidelines for culturally sensitive treatment. Given the rapid growth of Hispanic communities in the U.S., it is important to acknowledge the unique clinical profile of patients within this demographic and examine eating pathology within this socio‐cultural context. This case study aims to illustrate the utility, relevance, and effectiveness of cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT) on alleviating eating disorder symptoms in an adult Latina patient with bulimia nervosa to understand the broader implications of applying manualized treatments to diverse populations. We outline the strengths of CBT in quickly modifying problematic thought patterns and decreasing pathological behaviors while raising questions about cultural generalizability. In addition, we explore CBT's limitations in addressing certain underlying ED pathology‐driving and maintaining factors for minority individuals.
Campus diversity, Jewishness, and antisemitism
Authors: Farber Barry A. , Poleg Arielle 
Published: September 2019

AbstractTo explore current attitudes among Jewish students, faculty, and leaders of Jewish campus organizations regarding the putative exclusion of Jewish concerns from campus dialogs around diversity, we recruited 40 such individuals to engage in a semi‐structured interview. The consensus among our interviewees was that there is a significant, ongoing, and too‐often overlooked problem with virulent anti‐Israel activity on many campuses that often seeps into antisemitism; that many, though not all, Jewish students are disturbed by this phenomena; that the consequences of anti‐Israel hostility on some campuses are felt most significantly by self‐identified progressive Jewish students who feel emotionally attacked for pro‐Israel sentiments and ostracized in their attempts to join with seemingly progressive and/or intersectional campus movements; that college diversity officers and courses have, for the most part, failed to include issues of concern to Jewish students; and that psychotherapists, especially those on college campuses, maybe unprepared to deal with concerns specific to Jewish students. We believe that the failure to recognize and deal with campus antisemitism is both dangerous and morally disingenuous.
Special considerations when conducting forensic psychological evaluations for immigration court
Authors: Barber‐Rioja Virginia , Garcia‐Mansilla Alexandra 
Published: September 2019

AbstractImmigrants are more likely to experience mental health symptoms due to the trauma and persecution they often experience before arrival, and the stress of migration. In addition, as immigration policies have become more restricted in the United States, larger numbers of immigrants are facing deportation, proceedings, and/or detention. This has increased the demand for psychologists who are needed to conduct forensic psychological evaluations in immigration courts. Psychologists can aid immigration courts in a number of ways, including by providing evidence of trauma in asylum seekers or in victims of human trafficking, or by assessing competency to participate in immigration proceedings, or risk for violence. Through a case sample, this paper highlights special considerations when conducting cross‐cultural forensic assessments in immigration court and illustrates some ways in which clinical psychologists can apply their knowledge to immigration proceedings by developing expertise in the areas of multicultural psychology and forensic assessment.