bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A target‐group‐change couple with mass defect filtering strategy to identify the metabolites of “Dogel ebs” in rats plasma, urine and bile
Authors: Dong Xin , Li XiaoNa , Li Na , Zhao HongMei , GuLa A , Zhang Xuan , Zhang Ping , Bao BaoQuan 
Published: September 2019

Abstract“Dogel ebs” was known as Sophora flavescens Ait., a classical traditional Chinese Mongolian herbal medicine, which had the effects on damp‐heat dysentery, scrofula, and syndrome of accumulated dampness toxicity. Although the chemical constituents have been clarified by our previous studies, the metabolic transformation of “Dogel ebs” in vivo was still unclear. To explore the mechanism of “Dogel ebs,” the metabolites in plasma, bile, and urine samples were investigated. A fast positive and negative ion switching technology was used for the simultaneous determination of flavonoids and alkaloids in “Dogel ebs” in a single run. And a target‐group‐change coupled with mass defect filtering strategy was utilized to analyze the collected data. 89 parent compounds and 82 metabolites were characterized by high‐performance liquid chromatography with quadrupole exactive Orbitrap mass spectrometry. Both phase I and phase II metabolites were observed and the metabolic pathways involved in oxidation, demethylation, acetylation, and glucuronidation. 69 metabolites of “Dogel ebs,” including three hydroxyls bonding xanthohumol, formononetin‐7‐O‐glucuronide, 2′‐hydroxyl‐isoxanthohumol decarboxylation metabolite, oxysophocarpine dehydrogen, 9α‐hydroxysophoramine‐O‐glucuronide, etc. were reported for the first time.
Spatiotemporal railway use by grizzly bears in Canada's Rocky Mountains
Authors: Pollock Sonya Z. , Whittington Jesse , Nielsen Scott E. , St. Clair Colleen C. 
Published: September 2019

ABSTRACTRailway networks contribute to the direct mortality of wildlife through collisions with trains, which can threaten vulnerable wildlife populations even in protected areas, including grizzly bears (Ursus arctos) in Banff and Yoho National Parks, Canada. Mitigation to reduce bear‐train collisions requires information about how grizzly bears use the railway spatially and temporally and how particular types of use might increase collision vulnerability. We used data from 27 grizzly bears fitted with global positioning system (GPS) collars between 2000 and 2016 to relate railway use by bears via resource selection functions to variables that described land cover, human use, and topography. We used the same suite of explanatory variables to distinguish pairs of 4 types of steps, in which 3 successive GPS points (with 2‐hr fix rates) included ≥1 within 30 m of the rail (hereafter on) and 2 others that defined locations where bears effectively entered the railway (first fix off rail, next 2 on), crossed it (only the middle fix on the rail), continued along the railway (all 3 fixes on), or exited the railway corridor (first 2 on, last off). We compared both sites of higher use and each of these 4 step types to the relative frequency of bear‐train collisions, predicting a positive correlation for continue step types. Relative to available locations, bears were more likely to use the railway close to railroad sidings (sections of twinned track where trains sometimes stop), at intermediate distances from human‐use features (e.g., town sites, highways, trails), in areas with lower values of the compound topographic index (a proxy for wetness; within 500 m), and within 90 m of rugged terrain. Seasonally, bears made greater use of the railway in spring and fall. Among 1,515 sequences of 3 steps, crossing locations comprised >50% and were most distinct from continue locations (about 20%), which occurred in areas with more rugged terrain (within 300 m), closer to railway sidings, in spring and fall, and with steps that were 60% shorter. Contrary to our prediction, past reports of bear‐train collisions were negatively correlated with continue locations and unrelated to overall use or any other movement type. Our results suggest that railway use by bears increased where it provided increased forage or easier travel, particularly in spring and fall, but more work will be needed to determine the mechanistic basis of bear‐train collisions. Meanwhile, mitigation efforts such as habitat alteration or warning systems might target locations where past strikes are concentrated for grizzly bears or other sensitive populations. © 2019 The Wildlife Society.
Genomewide association study of Parkinson's disease clinical biomarkers in 12 longitudinal patients' cohorts
Authors: Iwaki Hirotaka , Blauwendraat Cornelis , Leonard Hampton L. , Kim Jonggeol J. , Liu Ganqiang , Maple‐Grødem Jodi , Corvol Jean‐Christophe , Pihlstrøm Lasse , van Nimwegen Marlies , Hutten Samantha J. , Nguyen Khanh‐Dung H. , Rick Jacqueline , Eberly Shirley , Faghri Faraz , Auinger Peggy , Scott Kirsten M. , Wijeyekoon Ruwani , Van Deerlin Vivianna M. , Hernandez Dena G. , Gibbs J. Raphael ,   International Parkinson's Disease Genomics Consortium, Chitrala Kumaraswamy Naidu , Day‐Williams Aaron G. , Brice Alexis , Alves Guido , Noyce Alastair J. , Tysnes Ole‐Bjørn , Evans Jonathan R. , Breen David P. , Estrada Karol , Wegel Claire E. , Danjou Fabrice , Simon David K. , Andreassen Ole , Ravina Bernard , Toft Mathias , Heutink Peter , Bloem Bastiaan R. , Weintraub Daniel , Barker Roger A. , Williams‐Gray Caroline H. , van de Warrenburg Bart P. , Van Hilten Jacobus J. , Scherzer Clemens R. , Singleton Andrew B. , Nalls Mike A. 
Published: September 2019

AbstractBackgroundSeveral reports have identified different patterns of Parkinson's disease progression in individuals carrying missense variants in GBA or LRRK2 genes. The overall contribution of genetic factors to the severity and progression of Parkinson's disease, however, has not been well studied.ObjectivesTo test the association between genetic variants and the clinical features of Parkinson's disease on a genomewide scale.MethodsWe accumulated individual data from 12 longitudinal cohorts in a total of 4093 patients with 22,307 observations for a median of 3.81 years. Genomewide associations were evaluated for 25 cross‐sectional and longitudinal phenotypes. Specific variants of interest, including 90 recently identified disease‐risk variants, were also investigated post hoc for candidate associations with these phenotypes.ResultsTwo variants were genomewide significant. Rs382940(T>A), within the intron of SLC44A1, was associated with reaching Hoehn and Yahr stage 3 or higher faster (hazard ratio 2.04 [1.58–2.62]; P value = 3.46E‐8). Rs61863020(G>A), an intergenic variant and expression quantitative trait loci for α‐2A adrenergic receptor, was associated with a lower prevalence of insomnia at baseline (odds ratio 0.63 [0.52–0.75]; P value = 4.74E‐8). In the targeted analysis, we found 9 associations between known Parkinson's risk variants and more severe motor/cognitive symptoms. Also, we replicated previous reports of GBA coding variants (rs2230288: p.E365K; rs75548401: p.T408M) being associated with greater motor and cognitive decline over time, and an APOE E4 tagging variant (rs429358) being associated with greater cognitive deficits in patients.ConclusionsWe identified novel genetic factors associated with heterogeneity of Parkinson's disease. The results can be used for validation or hypothesis tests regarding Parkinson's disease. © 2019 International Parkinson and Movement Disorder Society
A rare case of acquired immunodeficiency associated with myelodysplastic syndrome
Authors: Li Juanjuan , Li Junhui , Li Jianguo , Yao Hailan , Liu Fang , Gusella James F , Shi Xiaodong , Chen Xiaoli 
Published: September 2019

AbstractBackgroundPediatric myelodysplastic syndromes (MDS) display clonal genomic instability that can lead to acquisition of other hematological disorders, usually by loss of heterozygosity. Immunodeficiency caused by uniparental disomy (UPD) has not previously been reported.MethodsWe investigated a 13‐year‐old boy who suffered from recurrent infections and pancytopenia for 1 year. Both the comet assay and chromosome breakage analysis were normal, but the bone marrow showed evidence of dysplasia characteristic of MDS. With his normal sister as donor, he underwent failed hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT) with reduced intensity conditioning (RIC) followed by successful HSCT with myeloablative conditioning (MAC). We used single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) array, targeted gene panel, and whole exome sequencing to investigate the etiology of his disease.ResultsThe molecular analyses revealed multiple regions of homozygosity, one region encompassing a homozygous missense variant of recombination activating gene 1 (RAG1) which was previously associated with severe immunodeficiency in infancy. This RAG1 mutation was heterozygous in the proband’s fingernail DNA, but was changed to homozygous in the proband’s marrow by somatic acquisition of UPD event. No other pathogenic driver mutation for MDS‐related genes was identified.ConclusionThe hematological phenotype, somatic genomic instability, and response to HSCT MAC but not HSCT RIC deduced to a diagnosis of MDS type refractory cytopenia of children in this patient. His immunodeficiency was secondary to MDS due to somatic acquisition of homozygosity for known pathogenic RAG1 mutation.
Property Prediction of Organic Donor Molecules for Photovoltaic Applications Using Extremely Randomized Trees
Authors: Paul Arindam , Furmanchuk Alona , Liao Wei‐keng , Choudhary Alok , Agrawal Ankit 
Published: September 2019

AbstractOrganic solar cells are an inexpensive, flexible alternative to traditional silicon‐based solar cells but disadvantaged by low power conversion efficiency due to empirical design and complex manufacturing processes. This process can be accelerated by generating a comprehensive set of potential candidates. However, this would require a laborious trial and error method of modeling all possible polymer configurations. A machine learning model has the potential to accelerate the process of screening potential donor candidates by associating structural features of the compound using molecular fingerprints with their highest occupied molecular orbital energies. In this paper, extremely randomized tree learning models are employed for the prediction of HOMO values for donor compounds, and a web application is developed.1 The proposed models outperform neural networks trained on molecular fingerprints as well as SMILES, as well as other state‐of‐the‐art architectures such as Chemception and Molecular Graph Convolution on two datasets of varying sizes.
A planar miniaturized UWB dual‐polarization multiple‐input‐multiple‐output slot antenna
Authors: Tan Ming‐Tao , Li Xiang , Wei Wang‐He , Tan Wen‐Xue , Zhou Bin , Li Jian‐Qi 
Published: September 2019

AbstractA planar miniaturized ultra‐wideband (UWB) dual‐polarization multiple‐input‐multiple‐output (MIMO) slot antenna is presented in this article. Two orthogonal microstrip lines are utilized to feed antenna, which can excite both orthogonal modes in two orthogonal‐stepped slots to realize dual‐polarization characteristics. Two orthogonal‐stepped slots are its main radiators. The overall size of the presented antenna is only 32 × 22 × 0.8 mm3. The antenna was built and measured. The measurement of common –10 dB impedance bandwidth reaches 7.56 GHz (110.7%, 3.05‐10.61 GHz). Port isolation is greater than 18 dB over the entire working band. The radiation patterns and gains are stable over the whole working band.
Long‐T2‐suppressed zero echo time imaging with weighted echo subtraction and gradient error correction
Authors: Lee Hyo Min , Weiger Markus , Giehr Caspar , Froidevaux Romain , Brunner David Otto , Rösler Manuela Barbara , Pruessmann Klaas Paul 
Published: September 2019

PurposeTo perform direct, selective MRI of short‐T2 tissues using zero echo time (ZTE) imaging with weighted echo subtraction (WSUB).MethodsRadial imaging was performed at 7T, acquiring both ZTE and gradient echo (GRE) signals created by bipolar gradients. Long‐T2 suppression was achieved by weighted subtraction of ZTE and GRE images. Special attention was given to imperfections of gradient dynamics, to which radial GRE imaging is particularly susceptible. To compensate for gradient errors, matching of gradient history was combined with data correction based on trajectory measurement. The proposed approach was first validated in phantom experiments and then demonstrated in musculoskeletal (MSK) imaging.ResultsTrajectory analysis and phantom imaging demonstrated that gradient imperfections were successfully addressed. Gradient history matching enabled consistency between antiparallel projections as required for deriving zeroth‐order eddy current dynamics. Trajectory measurement provided individual echo times per projection that showed considerable variation between gradient directions. In in vivo imaging of knee, ankle, and tibia, the proposed approach enabled high‐resolution 3D depiction of bone, tendons, and ligaments. Distinct contrast of these structures indicates excellent selectivity of long‐T2 suppression. Clarity of depiction also confirmed sufficient SNR of short‐T2 tissues, achieved by high baseline sensitivity at 7T combined with high SNR efficiency of ZTE acquisition.ConclusionWeighted subtraction of ZTE and GRE data reconciles robust long‐T2 suppression with fastest k‐space coverage and high SNR efficiency. This approach enables high‐resolution imaging with excellent selectivity to short‐T2 tissues, which are of major interest in MSK and neuroimaging applications.
Effect of Rhodopseudomonas sphaeroides–Treated Wastewater on Yield, Digestive Enzymes, Antioxidants, Nonspecific Immunity, and Intestinal Microbiota of Common Carp
Authors: Wu Pan , Xie Liying , Wu Xiaozhen , Wang Yanling , Wu Yuan , Li Ning , Zhang Ying , Chen Zhaobo 
Published: September 2019

Abstract
The employment of traditional bait and medicament in freshwater aquaculture causes the frequent occurrence of environmental pollution and disease. Effluent collected after wastewater treatment with Rhodopseudomonas sphaeroides could be reutilized for microbial feed, medicament, and aquaculture water to culture Common Carp Cyprinus carpio. Therefore, a novel integrated system of wastewater treatment and the use of the effluent containing R. sphaeroides, which could improve yield, increase disease resistance, and enhance the quality of aquaculture water for Common Carp culture, was proposed and investigated. Common Carp can grow well in effluent containing R. sphaeroides. The survival rate, yield, and whole-body composition of the fish raised in effluent containing R. sphaeroides were all increased compared with the control group. The biochemical (B vitamin) and other substances in the effluent with R. sphaeroides enhanced the activity of proteases, amylases, lipases, alkaline phosphatase, acid phosphatase, phagocytes, superoxide dismutase, and catalase by up-regulating the expression of their associated genes. Theoretical analysis showed that biochemical molecules regulate the expression of these gene and enzyme activities by acting as a signal that stimulates the active center. Moreover, biochemicals present in R. sphaeroides enhanced the mTOR and NF-kB signaling pathways and improved intestinal microbiota. Furthermore, R. sphaeroides inhibited Aeromonas hydrophila, increasing resistance against fish disease and promoting the growth of intestinal bacteria. Meanwhile, R. sphaeroides in the effluent also improved the aquaculture water quality. This technology would simultaneously save water in aquaculture, reduce water pollution and wastewater discharge, and increase the output and disease resistance of Common Carp.
Uncompromised MRI of knee cartilage while incorporating sensitive sodium MRI
Authors: Brinkhof S. , Ali Haghnejad A. , Ito K. , Markenroth Bloch K. , Klomp D.W.J. 
Published: September 2019

Sodium imaging is able to assess changes in ion content, linked to glycosaminoglycan content, which is important to guide orthopeadic procedures such as articular cartilage repair. Sodium imaging is ideally performed using double tuned RF coils, to combine high resolution morphological imaging with biochemical information from sodium imaging to assess ion content. The proton image quality of such coils is often harshly degraded, with up to 50% of SNR or severe acceleration loss as compared to single tuned coils. Reasons are that the number of proton receive channels often severely reduced and double tuning will degrade the intrinsic sensitivity of the RF coil on at least one of the nuclei. However, the aim of this work was to implement a double‐tuned sodium/proton knee coil setup without deterioration of the proton signal whilst being able to achieve acquisition of high SNR sodium images.A double‐tuned knee coil was constructed as a shielded birdcage optimized for sodium and compromised for proton. To exclude any compromise, the proton part of the birdcage is used for transmit only and interfaced to RF amplifiers that can fully mitigate the reduced efficiency. In addition, a 15 channel single tuned proton receiver coil was embedded within the double‐resonant birdcage to maintain optimal SNR and acceleration for proton imaging. To validate the efficiency of our coil, the designed coil was compared with the state‐of‐the‐art single‐tuned alternative at 7 T. B1+ corrected SNR maps were used to compare both coils on proton performance and g‐factor maps were used to compare both coils on acceleration possibilities. The newly constructed double‐tuned coil was shown to have comparable proton quality and acceleration possibilities to the single‐tuned alternative while also being able to acquire high SNR sodium images.
Assessment of ovarian function in adolescents and young adults after childhood cancer treatment—How accurate are young adult/parent proxy‐reported outcomes?
Authors: George Sobenna A. , Williamson Lewis Rebecca , McKenzie Laurie , Cherven Brooke , Patterson Briana C. , Effinger Karen E. , Mertens Ann C. , Meacham Lillian R. 
Published: September 2019

AbstractBackground: Providers often rely on self‐reported ovarian function in adolescent and young adult (AYA)‐aged childhood cancer survivors when making clinical decisions. This study described reported menstrual patterns and the agreement between respondent‐reported and biochemical premature ovarian insufficiency (POI) in this population.ProcedureThis was a cross‐sectional study of survivors (or their parent proxy) aged 13‐21.9 years who received gonadotoxic therapy and were enrolled in a longitudinal health survey. Participants reported menstrual regularity, hormone‐replacement therapy (HRT) use, and ovarian dysfunction. Respondent‐reported POI was defined as the survivor taking HRT for ovarian failure or having been told she had ovarian failure. Biochemical POI was defined as follicle‐stimulating hormone (FSH) level ≥40 mIU/mL. The agreement between respondent‐reported and biochemical POI was determined using Cohen's kappa coefficient (κ) and analyzed by demographic and clinical factors.ResultsAmong 182 AYA‐aged survivors (72.5% non‐Hispanic White, 46.7% leukemia survivors), 14.8% reported requiring HRT to have menses but 55.5% reported regular menses without HRT use. Among survivors with FSH measurements (n = 130), 17.7% reported POI whereas 18.5% had FSH ≥40 mIU/mL (κ = 0.66, sensitivity 70.8%, specificity 94.3%). The highest agreement between respondent‐reported and biochemical POI was with young adult self‐report (κ = 0.78) and survivors with >5 survivor clinic (κ = 0.83) and/or >5 endocrinologist (κ = 1.00) visits.ConclusionsThe majority of AYA‐aged survivors reported having regular menses without HRT support. The accuracy of respondent‐reported POI increased with repeated survivor clinic or endocrinologist visits, highlighting the importance of continued education. Survivors must be informed about their ovarian function to enable them to advocate for their reproductive health.
Porous microparticles based on methacrylic copolymers and gellan as drug delivery systems
Authors: Vasiliu Silvia , Lungan Maria‐Andreea , Racovita Stefania , Popa Marcel 
Published: September 2019

AbstractTwo types of porous microparticles based on glycidyl methacrylate, dimethacrylic monomers (ethylene glycol dimethacrylate, diethylene glycol dimethacrylate and triethylene glycol dimethacrylate) and gellan were prepared by two methods. The first method was aqueous suspension polymerization in the presence of N‐butyl acetate as porogenic agent when the crosslinking and grafting reactions were achieved in a single step. The second method was based on the reaction between hydroxyl groups belonging to gellan and the epoxy groups situated on the surface of porous microparticles based on glycidyl methacrylate and dimethacrylic monomers in basic medium. The microparticles with and without gellan were characterized by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, SEM, AFM and TGA. Also, the porous structure was investigated in terms of pore volume, porosity and specific surface. The swelling behaviour in aqueous solution with different pH values as well as sorption studies of cefuroxime sodium salt onto porous microparticles were investigated. The presence of gellan in the structure of the microparticles leads to porous materials characterized by higher specific surface areas (Ssp = 78–140 m2 g–1), higher swelling capacities (Sw = 162%–365%) and higher sorption capacities of the drug (qe = 101–147 mg g–1) compared to microparticles without gellan in their structures (Ssp = 73–85 m2 g–1; Sw = 139%–209%; qe = 70–110 mg g–1). © 2019 Society of Chemical Industry
Catalytic Activity of Ferrates (NiFe2O4, ZnFe2O4 and CoFe2O4) on the Thermal Decomposition of Ammonium Perchlorate
Authors: Zhang Ming , Zhao Fengqi , Yang Yanjing , An Ting , Qu Wengang , Li Hui , Zhang Jiankan , Li Na 
Published: September 2019

AbstractThree kinds of ferrates (NiFe2O4, ZnFe2O4 and CoFe2O4) were prepared via the facile solvothermal method and characterized using SEM, TEM, XRD, XPS, FT‐IR and BET instruments. The NiFe2O4, CoFe2O4 and ZnFe2O4 particles possess hollow structure with average particle size of 70, 220 and 360 nm, respectively. The catalytic performance of the ferrates for AP thermal decomposition were studied using DSC and TG‐DTG methods, and the decomposition mechanism of AP were suggested. The catalytic effects of different ferrates for AP thermal decomposition were significantly different. The CoFe2O4 has the best catalytic activity, and the high thermal decomposition peak temperature (THDP) and apparent activation energy (Ea) of AP were decreased by 108.99 °C and 37.38 kJ mol−1 in the presence of CoFe2O4 sample. Adding ferrates has no obvious influence on the gas‐phase decomposition products of AP, but has a great influence on the energy barrier of high temperature decomposition of AP. The excellent catalytic activity of CoFe2O4 is mainly attributed to the synergistic interaction between Fe and Co, which is conducive to the thermal decomposition of AP.