bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Calcium and strontium anthranilato complexes as effective Fusarium moniliforme controlling agents
Authors: Abd‐Elmonsef Mahmoud Ghada , Zidan Amna S.A. , Aly Aref A.M. , Mosbah Hanan K. , Ibrahim Ahmed B.M. 
Published: December 2018

This paper presents the one‐pot reaction synthesis of coordination calcium and strontium compounds [Ca(L)2(H2O)2 1 and Sr(L)2(H2O)2 2] with the 2‐(4‐chlorophenylamino) benzoic acid ligand (HL = C13H10NO2Cl). The complexes were obtained in good yields, and their structures were corroborated according to their CHN, spectroscopic (IR and UV/Vis.) and solution molar conductivity data as the latter confirmed their molecular nature. Additionally, the powder X‐ray diffraction pattern of the complexes was used to determine the cell parameters and the hkl indices together with their corresponding 2θ values. The microbial resistance against the currently available antifungal agents requires searching for new antifungal compounds. Promising fungicidal activities of these coordination complexes were determined against the Fusarium corn disease as complexes 1 and 2 at 30°C inhibited the grain pathogenicity by 70% and 66%, respectively. Moreover, 1 and 2 retarded the amylase enzymes that are responsible for the pathogenicity by 35.13% and 26.22% at 30°C.
Post‐polymerization functionalization to a novel phosphorus‐ and nitrogen‐containing polyether coating for flame retardant treatment of PET fabric
Authors: Xia Jianrong , Su Yumiao , Li Wenmu 
Published: December 2018

ABSTRACTConcerns about the rising trend of stringent fire safety regulations and demands for reduction in the fire hazard call for a careful evaluation of the environmental impact of flame retardant materials choices. With the worldwide bans and restrictions in the use of traditional halogen‐based fire retardant systems, phosphorus/nitrogen synergistic flame retardants became evident. We report here a novel phosphorus‐ and nitrogen‐containing polyether (PN‐PEO) prepared by post‐polymerization functionalization. The resultant polyethers (PN‐PEO) were subsequently coated onto the surface of poly(ethylene terephthalate) (PET) fabrics by a simple solution‐dipping method to exploit a highly efficient fire retardant. It was found that the loadings of 17.8% PN‐PEO had a strong barrier effect in the char layer of the PN‐POE‐coated PET fabrics after exposed to the torch flame, and resulted in complete suppression of PET fabrics ignition on radiant heat exposure. © 2018 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Appl. Polym. Sci.2019,136, 47299.
Temperature and shear rate distributions of gas‐assisted injection molded (GAIM) polypropylene and the application in forecast of cooling time
Authors: Yang Bin , Ding Mengya , Shi You , Hu Lei , Xia Ru , Miao Ji‐Bin , Cao Ming , Qian Jia‐Sheng , Chen Peng , Zhang Yu‐Chuan , Fu En‐Fa 
Published: December 2018

ABSTRACTAn umbrella handle product of polypropylene molded by gas‐assisted injection molding (GAIM) was studied from both aspects: theoretical modeling and simulation as well asin situtemperature measurement. The simulation was primarily through the use of the commercial softwareMoldflow(version 6.1) coupled with enthalpy transformation method (ETM) in an attempt to investigate the shear rate and temperature fields during GAIM process. A four‐parameter model (FPM) was used to nonlinearly fit the temperature decays during the GAIM cooling stage on the basis of a three‐parameter model (TPM) raised previously in our group. The FPM showed perfect fitting effect as well as presented fairly acceptable cooling time (tc) prediction in comparison to experimental data, which could better reflect the nature of crystalline polymers during melt crystallization process. The understanding of the shear rate and temperature fields would be of practical importance to the further research on relationship of “processing–structure–property” as well as the optimization of cooling parameters for industrial GAIM operations of crystalline polymers. © 2018 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Appl. Polym. Sci.2019,136, 47390.
Discontinuous carbon fiber/polyamide composites with microencapsulated paraffin for thermal energy storage
Authors: Fredi Giulia , Dorigato Andrea , Unterberger Seraphin , Artuso Nicolò , Pegoretti Alessandro 
Published: December 2018

ABSTRACTThis work focuses on the development of multifunctional thermoplastic composites with thermal energy storage capability. A polyamide 12 (PA12) matrix was filled with a phase change material (PCM), constituted by paraffin microcapsules (Tmelt = 43 °C), and reinforced with carbon fibers (CFs) of two different lengths (chopped/CF “long”[CFL] and milled/CF “short” [CFS]). DSC tests showed that the melting/crystallization enthalpy values increase with the PCM weight fraction up to 60 J/g. The enthalpy was 41–94% of the expected value and decreased with an increase in the fiber content, because the capsules were damaged by the increasing viscosity and shear stresses during compounding. Long CFs increased the elastic modulus (+316%), tensile strength (+26%), and thermal conductivity (+54%) with respect to neat PA12. Thermal imaging tests evidenced a slower cooling for the samples containing PCM, and once again the CFS‐containing samples outperformed those with CFL, due to the higher effective PCM content. © 2018 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Appl. Polym. Sci. 2019, 136, 47408.
Influence of interfacial compatibilizer, silane modification, and filler hybrid on the performance of NR/NBR blends
Authors: Li Jingchao , Lu Yonglai , Jin Zhenhuan , Zhang Liqun 
Published: December 2018

ABSTRACTThe effects of epoxidized natural rubber (ENR) as a compatibilizer, silane in situ modification, and filler hybrid on the properties of natural rubber/acrylonitrile–butadiene rubber blends were systematically studied. Phase change with the incorporation of ENR was quantitatively characterized via atomic force microscope quantitative nanomechanics technique. The results show that ENR could greatly reduce the dispersed domain size and increase the interfacial thickness; however, this compatibilizing effect reached the limit when ENR content was 5 parts per hundred rubber (phr). If the content is further increased, the redundant ENR start to gather at the interface and thus form a third phase. The macroscopic dynamic performance measurement was well in accordance with the microscale observation; the blend with 5 phr of ENR presented the lowest heat generation. The results also revealed that silane modification could significantly improve the overall properties, which benefited from better filler dispersal as evidenced by transmission electron microscopy. Finally, the effect of filler hybrid [silica and carbon black (CB)] was studied. It turned out that the blend containing 20 phr silica and 32 phr CB synchronously possessed high wet grip property, low rolling resistance, and high wear resistance, which makes it very promising for the high‐performance tire application. © 2018 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Appl. Polym. Sci. 2019, 136, 47421.
Shape outline extraction software (DiaOutline) for elliptic Fourier analysis application in morphometric studies
Authors: Wishkerman Asher , Hamilton Paul B. 
Published: December 2018

Premise of the StudyStudies of plant cell and organ outline using shape analysis for taxonomic and morphological research have increased in the past decade. However, there are a limited number of available modern, intuitive, and easy software tools to conduct this work.MethodsWe developed a tool for shape outline extraction using MATLAB accompanied with R scripts to perform elliptic Fourier analysis. To demonstrate the shape tool, we applied the software and scripts for genera and species shape determinations of diatom (single cell) species with x‐, y‐, and x‐ + y‐shape symmetries.ResultsUsing the shape analysis tool, we were able to identify and distinguish different diatom taxa based on forms representing size diminutions associated with population changes.DiscussionIndependent of symmetry, species were successfully distinguished using supervised and unsupervised analyses. We hope that these shape analysis tools will be used to add another metric to plant science studies.
Hatchery‐reared endangered Colorado pikeminnow (Ptychocheilus lucius) undergo a gradual transition to piscivory after introduction to the wild
Authors: Franssen Nathan R. , Gilbert Eliza I. , Gido Keith B. , Propst David L. 
Published: December 2018

Abstract

Disruption of ecosystems by human activities has caused worldwide extinction threats, which has prompted conservationists to implement captive breeding programmes that aid the recovery of imperilled species. Understanding factors that limit the survival of hatchery‐spawned fishes after stocking is critical to future conservation efforts using captive populations.
As the size at which juvenile piscivorous fishes shift to consuming other fish can influence their survival, the transition to piscivory by hatchery‐spawned Ptychocheilus lucius Girard, 1856 (Colorado pikeminnow) was investigated after stocking the San Juan River in New Mexico, Colorado, and Utah, USA. The stable isotope 15N was used to track ontogenetic changes in the trophic position of individuals stocked at age 0, with the expectation that they would become fully piscivorous by age 2. By sampling the isotopic signatures of Colorado pikeminnow across multiple years, the ability of river discharge and densities of fish prey to explain interannual variation in trophic position was also explored.
Annual variation in river flow and the densities of fish prey had little predictive power in explaining variation in δ15N of age‐1 or age‐2 Colorado pikeminnow. After assessing the isotopic signatures of potential prey, a Bayesian isotopic mixing model suggested that invertebrates comprised nearly 25% of the diet of of both age‐1 and age‐2 individuals. The relationship between Colorado pikeminnow size and δ15N within stocked cohorts indicated that juveniles slowly transitioned to consuming fish prey as they grew, rather than abruptly switching, as indicated from a limited number of dietary studies using wild fish.
Together, these results suggest that Colorado pikeminnow stocked into the San Juan River slowly transition to consuming fish prey. If this pattern leads to poor survival and recruitment, the effectiveness of this management action for conservation could be compromised.
Maternal Pre‐pregnancy Body Mass Index and Gestational Weight Gain in Relation to Autism Spectrum Disorder and other Developmental Disorders in Offspring
Authors: Windham Gayle C. , Anderson Meredith , Lyall Kristen , Daniels Julie L. , Kral Tanja V.E. , Croen Lisa A. , Levy Susan E. , Bradley Chyrise B. , Cordero Christina , Young Lisa , Schieve Laura A. 
Published: December 2018

Most prior studies examining maternal pre‐pregnancy body mass index (BMI) in relation to offspring autism spectrum disorders (ASD) have reported an association, though findings are not uniform and few have also examined gestational weight gain (GWG). Therefore, we examined both in the Study to Explore Early Development, a multi‐site case–control study of children born in 2003–2006. Children identified from clinics, schools, and birth certificates were enrolled at ages 2–5 year and using standardized developmental evaluations, classified as: ASD, other developmental delays (DD), or population‐based controls. Maternal height, weight, and GWG were self‐reported during the telephone interview. Three primary weight risk factors were examined: (a) Pre‐pregnancy BMI, classified as underweight to obese, (b) GWG continuous and categorized as quintiles, and (c) Institute of Medicine clinical weight‐gain recommendations. Odds ratios adjusted (AOR) for sociodemographic and prenatal factors were calculated among term singletons, comparing the ASD (n = 540) or DD (n = 720) groups to the control group (n = 776). The AOR of ASD and maternal obesity was 1.37 (95%CI 0.98–1.92). Associations with higher GWG were stronger (Quintile5 vs. Quintile3 AOR = 1.58, 95%CI 1.08–2.31), and particularly so among overweight/obese women (AOR = 1.90, 95%CI 0.98–3.68). DD was associated with maternal overweight and obesity (obesity AOR = 1.48, 95%CI 1.08–2.02), but not with total GWG or clinical recommendations. High maternal BMI and GWG are risk factors for other pregnancy and child outcomes, and our results suggest they may also represent modifiable risk factors for neurodevelopmental outcomes. Autism Res 2019, 12: 316–327 © 2018 International Society for Autism Research, Wiley Periodicals, Inc.Lay SummaryIn a large, national study, we found that children with autism were more likely than unaffected children to have mothers with higher weight gain during pregnancy; risk of autism may be even stronger if mothers were also overweight before pregnancy. Children with other developmental delays were more likely to have mothers who were overweight or obese before pregnancy, but not who gained more weight during pregnancy. Overweight and weight gain may represent factors that could be modified.
Understanding sustainable consumption in an emerging country: The antecedents and consequences of the ecologically conscious consumer behavior model
Authors: Yarimoglu Emel , Binboga Gul 
Published: December 2018

AbstractFor past few decades, consumers have lately started to adapt sustainable consumption in emerging countries. The increasing importance of sustainable consumption led the researchers to analyze green purchase and ecological behaviors. The aim of this study was to examine the antecedents of ecologically conscious consumer behavior model and show the relationships among ecologically conscious consumer behavior, green purchase conspicuous behavior, and green purchase intention based on the theory of planned behavior in an emerging country. Data were collected from 650 consumers in Turkey, one of the emerging countries, by using face‐to‐face survey technique and analyzed by factor analyses and structural equation modelling. In findings, environmental concern, altruism, and perceived consumer effectiveness were found as the antecedents of the model, and there were significant effects of ecologically conscious consumer behaviors on green purchase conspicuous behaviors and green purchase intentions.
Knockdown long noncoding RNA nuclear paraspeckle assembly transcript 1 suppresses colorectal cancer through modulating miR‐193a‐3p/KRAS
Authors: Zhu Zhouting , Du Shangce , Yin Kai , Ai Shichao , Yu Mengchao , Liu Yanqing , Shen Yan , Liu Minghui , Jiao Ruihua , Chen Xi , Guan Wenxian 
Published: December 2018

AbstractThe nuclear paraspeckle assembly transcript 1 (abbreviated as NEAT1), a nuclear sufficient long noncoding RNA (abbreviated as lncRNA), has aroused a rising concern in recent years. As uncovered by reports, the increase in NEAT1 is related to the deteriorated prognosis of lung cancer, breast cancer, hepatocellular cancer, and colorectal cancer (abbreviated as CRC). Thus far, the mechanism of NEAT1 has not been elucidated by the existing researches. The impact of knockdown of both NEAT1 and its predicted downstream miR‐193a‐3p in CRC cells was examined here to delve into their interactions and mechanisms. Additionally, the target of miR‐193a‐3p, Kirsten rat sarcoma viral oncogene homolog (abbreviated as KRAS), was also predicted by bioinformatics algorithms. Small interfering RNA and antisense oligonucleotides that inhibit NEAT1, as well as overexpression or knockdown of miR‐193a‐3p, were adequately drawn upon to confirm that NEAT1 serves as a miR‐193a‐3p sponge or competing endogenous RNA, to impact miR‐193a‐3p's further functions, including modulating KRAS proteins, both in vitro and in vivo. Generally, lncRNA NEAT1/hsa‐miR‐193a‐3p/KRAS axis was substantiated in CRC cells and could provide novel insight into both diagnostic and therapeutic advancement in CRC.
V2O5 and its Carbon‐Based Nanocomposites for Supercapacitor Applications
Authors: Majumdar Dipanwita , Mandal Manas , Bhattacharya Swapan K. 
Published: December 2018

AbstractVanadium pentoxide (V2O5) is renowned among the highly efficient supercapacitor electrode‐materials for high power and energy densities, excellent specific capacitance, prolonged cycle lives, variable oxidation states of V, reversible nature of interconversions, theoretical importance, etc. Various synthetic methodologies and morphologies, formation of composites, and doping for tuning properties are the additional causes of interest. Different synthetic techniques like sol‐gel, solvothermal, electro‐deposition, electro‐spinning, atomic layer deposition, etc. are employed to prepare V2O5‐based electrode materials with merits and demerits. High rate of material agglomeration and poor conductivity limit its usage in pristine morphology. Accordingly, the impact on charge storage behavior of V2O5 on blending with various carbon‐based systems has been explored for materials like activated carbons, conducting polymers, carbon nanotubes and functionalized graphene systems as binary/ternary composites. The aim has been to optimize the key factors such as reduced nanostructure lumping, minimal interfacial resistance and ultrafast charge diffusion across hollow porous structures which may eventually lead to the theoretically expected high specific capacitance (>1000 F g−1). In this review, we have discussed on the recent progress in the research of V2O5‐based materials and highlighted on the correlation between morphology and electrochemical performances. In the course, we have attempted to delineate the advantage‐disadvantages of different composite morphologies that may help to outline the present status and future aspects of these materials that the authors believe will be of first‐hand assistance especially to the beginners in the field of research.
Non‐Classical Synthons: Supramolecular Recognition by S⋅⋅⋅O Chalcogen Bonding in Molecular Complexes of Riluzole
Authors: Thomas Sajesh P. , Kumar Vijith , Alhameedi Khidhir , Guru Row T. N. 
Published: December 2018

AbstractClassical examples of supramolecular recognition units or synthons are the ones formed by hydrogen bonds. Here, we report the ubiquity of a S⋅⋅⋅O chalcogen bonded synthon observed in a series of supramolecular complexes of the amyotrophic lateral sclerosis drug riluzole. Although the potential of higher chalcogens such as Se and Te to form robust and directional chalcogen bonded motifs is known, intermolecular sulfur chalcogen bonding is considered to be weak owing to the lower polarizability of S atoms. Here, the robustness and electronic nature of a S⋅⋅⋅O chalcogen bonding non‐classical synthon, and the origin of its exceptional directionality have been explored. Bond orders of the drug–coformer chalcogen bonding are found to be as high as one third of a single bond, and they are largely ionic in nature. The contribution of the S⋅⋅⋅O chalcogen bonded motifs to the lattice energies of a series of crystals from the Cambridge Structural Database has been analyzed, showing they can be indeed significant, especially in molecules devoid of strong hydrogen bond donor groups.
The Preparation of Luminescent, Mechanochromic Molecular Containers from Non‐Emissive Components: The Box Cations, [Au6(Triphos)4Br]5+ and [Au6(Triphos)4Br2]4+
Authors: Walters Daniel T. , Powers Xian B. , Olmstead Marilyn M. , Balch Alan L. 
Published: December 2018

AbstractTwo new molecular boxes, the mono‐bromo box [Au6(Triphos)4Br](SbF6)5⋅6(CH2Cl2), 4 mB, and the dibromo box, [Au6(Triphos)4Br2⋅H2O](SbF6)4⋅4(CH2Cl2), 5 dB, have been prepared in crystalline form. Although constructed from non‐luminescent components, both are strongly luminescent. Like its chloro counterpart, the mono‐bromo box [Au6(Triphos)4Br](SbF6)5⋅6(CH2Cl2), 4 mB, is mechanochromic. Under grinding, it loses its luminescence. The bromo‐bridged helicate, [(μ‐Br){Au3(Triphos)2}2](CF3SO3)5⋅2(CH2Cl2), 3μ‐H, with a cation that is isomeric with the box [Au6(Triphos)4Br]5+, has also been prepared and crystallographically characterized. Unlike its chloro analogue, [(μ‐Br){Au3(Triphos)2}2](CF3SO3)5⋅2(CH2Cl2) is not luminescent. Thus, the cation produced upon grinding may be the cation present in the bromo‐bridged helicate, [(μ‐Br){Au3(Triphos)2}2](CF3SO3)5⋅2(CH2Cl2), 3μ‐H. The dibromo box, [Au6(Triphos)4Br2⋅H2O](SbF6)4⋅4(CH2Cl2), 5 dB, is not significantly mechanochromic.
[C5H12N]SnCl3: A Tin Halide Organic–Inorganic Hybrid as an Above‐Room‐Temperature Solid‐State Nonlinear Optical Switch
Authors: Liu Xitao , Ji Chengmin , Wu Zhenyue , Li Lina , Han Shiguo , Wang Yuyin , Sun Zhihua , Luo Junhua 
Published: December 2018

AbstractNonlinear optical (NLO) switches driven by a solid‐state structural phase transition have attracted extensive attention; however, above‐room‐temperature solid‐state NLO switch materials are still sparse. Herein, we report an above‐room‐temperature tin halide organic–inorganic hybrid quadratic NLO switchable material, N‐methylpyrrolidinium trichloride stannite ([C5H12N]SnCl3, MPSC). The MPSC crystal exhibits a phase‐matchable NLO property that is 1.1 times that of KH2PO4 (KDP) and NLO switching behavior, changing from a high second harmonic generation (SHG) response to a low SHG response at 383 K, thereby demonstrating its prospective applications in the field of nonlinear optics. Variable‐temperature crystal structural analysis combined with theoretical calculations revealed that the large NLO response stems from the inorganic SnCl3 moiety, whereas the high‐performance NLO switching properties mainly originate from the order/disorder transformation of the N‐methylpyrrolidinium. This work provides a new approach to designing and exploring new high‐performance quadratic NLO switches involving tin halide organic–inorganic hybrids.
Cleavage of Carbon Disulfide by n‐Propyldiphenylphosphine and Nickel(II) Bromide
Authors: Powers Xian B. , Aristov Michael M. , deGuzman Lauren A. , Olmstead Marilyn M. , Balch Alan L. 
Published: December 2018

AbstractCarbon disulfide is cleaved by n‐propyldiphenylphosphine and nickel(II) bromide in a one‐step process, to form two unprecedented complexes: orange, [Ni(S2C2(PnPrPh2)2)Br(PnPrPh2)]Br⋅CS2 (1) and purple [Ni{η2‐SC(PnPrPh2)2}Br(PnPrPh2)]Br⋅0.5CS2 (2). Orange (1) contains a dithiolene‐related ligand that results from carbon–carbon bond formation, while purple (2) contains a remarkable ligand in which two n‐propyldiphenylphosphine molecules have added to a carbon atom of a CS unit that is coordinated to nickel.
Light on the Structural Evolution of Photoresponsive Molecular Switches in Electronically Excited States
Authors: Amirjalayer Saeed , Buma Wybren Jan 
Published: December 2018

AbstractStimuli‐responsive materials are attracting extensive interest as they offer the opportunity to transform external inputs such as light into a functionality by control at the molecular level. As a result, a large number of molecular building units have been developed that enable switching between two or more states. Since the trajectory describing the transition between the various states defines the efficiency of the usually immobilized unit and the resulting functionality, it does not suffice to merely consider the initial and final states of the switching process. A key challenge is in fact to decipher at the atomic scale the actual motion that takes place after photoexcitation. Understanding and being able to manipulate this trajectory is crucial for an efficient implementation of photoactive molecular switches into functional materials, as well as to rationally develop novel tailor‐made materials. In this Concept article, we highlight the potential to characterize in detail photoinitiated switching mechanisms by combining quantum chemical calculations with advanced laser spectroscopic techniques that probe the vibrational manifold of electronically excited states and its evolution.