bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Legal and Policy Infrastructures of Returns in Canada
Authors: Ahouga Younes 
Published: November 2024

<p>This report examines the legal and institutional frameworks, operational infrastructure, and international cooperation involved in the removal of inadmissible foreign nationals and rejected refugee protection claimants from Canada. The analysis highlights that the Canadian return policy pursues two objectives: (1) facilitate the arrest, detention, and removal of foreign nationals, notably those who would pose a security risk; (2) safeguard the human rights of foreign nationals and refugee protection claimants. The first objective stems from the post-9/11 political context dominated by security concerns in which the contemporary Canadian return policy has been constructed. The second objective is epitomized by the need for the Immigration and Refugee Protection Act to be applied in a manner consistent with the Canadian Charter of Rights and Freedoms and the international human rights instruments to which Canada is signatory. However, the indefinite administrative detention of foreign nationals for noncriminal purposes, including in provincial jails, suggests tensions between the two objectives. </p>
<p>The report also indicates that the Canadian return governance landscape consists of policy and operational responsibilities borne by the federal government and agencies, which are monitored by administrative tribunals and federal and provincial superior courts, and involve NGOs and international actors. The report outlines the gaps in the Canadian return policy that threaten the human rights of foreign nationals and refugee protection claimants, highlights the operational difficulties in tracking the status of removal orders, and reflects the lack of cooperation of some countries of origin. </p>
<p>Finally, the report develops two policy suggestions to protect foreign nationals' human rights: (1) setting a maximum period of detention for noncriminal purposes in accordance with international human rights standards and (2) establishing an independent oversight body to monitor the arrests, detentions, and removals of foreign nationals by the Canada Border Services Agency.</p>
The Principle of Audi and Alteram Partem in The Process of Proof in Criminal Cases (Analysis of Decision Study No. 123/PID.B/2022/PN YYK)
Authors: Hartanto Hartanto , Susanto Susanto , Alimpeev Daniil 
Published: November 2024

A decision is a legal product issued by a judge in resolving a case presented at trial. A decision must reflect a sense of justice obtained from the facts revealed at trial and compliance with existing laws and regulations. Legal considerations in a decision aim to explore the facts revealed in the trial based on the principle of audi et alteram partem which must exist and be the basis. The application of audi et alteram partem aims to ensure that the panel of judges carefully listens to the arguments and facts put forward by both parties, namely the public prosecutor (JPU) or legal advisor. Therefore, the aim of this research aims to describe how the panel of judges examined case Number 123/Pid.B/2022/PN Yyk by applying the principles of evidence in the Criminal Procedure Law. To answer these legal problems, this research uses a combined research method of normative and empirical data with data collection methods by conducting interviews and literature reviews. The research results show that the panel of judges who examined case Number 123/Pid.B/2022/PN Yyk were assumed to have ignored the principle of audi et alteram partem in their decision. This principle of balance (justice) has not been fully fulfilled, because the evidence in the trial has not reached conformity, thus making the defendant position weaker.
A combination of clinical, electrocardiographic, and echocardiographic parameters predicts pulmonary hypertension occurrence in patients with end-stage renal disease
Authors: Ding Handong , Zhang Fei , Zhong Jinbiao , Pan Jiashan , Chen Yiding , Zhang Ji , Wang Qin , Liao Guiyi , Hao Zongyao 
Published: November 2024

BackgroundPulmonary hypertension (PH) in patients with end-stage renal disease (ESRD) has a high incidence rate and mortality and its early identification is critical. However, whether a combination of clinical, electrocardiographic, and echocardiographic parameters can predict the occurrence of PH in patients with ESRD remains to be elucidated. Herein, we evaluated the predictive value of the combined score of these parameters.MethodsData from 370 patients with newly diagnosed ESRD who underwent routine echocardiography and electrocardiography between May 2016 and May 2017 were retrospectively evaluated. The incidence of PH during a 60-month follow-up period was investigated. Twenty-one patients were excluded due to incomplete data among other reasons. Finally, 349 patients were included in the analysis, of whom, 158 (45%) developed PH.ResultsAnalysis of electrocardiogram reports suggested that a corrected Q-T interval (QTc) of &gt;438.5 ms was associated with PH. Echocardiographic reports suggest that left atrial diameter (LAD), interventricular septum thickness in end-diastole (IVSd), stroke volume (SV), and pericardial effusion are also associated with PH development. Results of multivariate Cox analysis showed that LAD &gt;3.785 cm, IVSd &gt;1.165 cm, SV &gt;79.5 ml, QTc &gt;438.5 ms, and pericardial effusion were independent predictors of PH in patients with ESRD. The incidence of new-onset PH increased significantly with increasing composite scores, that is, the sum of risk scores determined using hazard ratios.ConclusionsA total score that includes a combination of parameters such as LAD &gt;3.785 cm, IVSd&gt;1.165 cm, SV &gt;79.5 ml, QTc &gt;438.5 ms, and pericardial effusion can help describe the risk of new-onset PH.
Case report: Novel variants cause developmental and epileptic encephalopathy in three unrelated families from Mali
Authors: Bamba Salia , Sidibé Lala , Diallo Seybou H. , Cissé Lassana , Dembélé Kékouta , Yalcouyé Abdoulaye , Ji Weizhen , Dembélé Mohamed Emile , Diarra Salimata , Maiga Alassane dit Baneye , Traoré Oumou , Diallo Salimata , Mefoung Samuel Ephrata , Touré Amadou , Koné Adama , Jeffries Lauren , Guinto Cheick O. , Mis Emily K. , Fischbeck Kenneth H. , Khokha Mustafa K. , Lakhani Saquib A. , Landouré Guida 
Published: November 2024

Background and ObjectivesDevelopmental and epileptic encephalopathies (DEEs) are a group of neurological disorders characterized by early-onset seizures that are often resistant to treatment, by electroencephalographic abnormalities, and by developmental delay or regression. Their genetic basis remains largely unelucidated, especially in sub-Saharan Africa (SSA). We investigated the genetic bases of DEE in three Malian families.MethodsPatients underwent clinical evaluation, and DNA was obtained for whole exome sequencing (WES). Putative variants were screened in all available family members and in silico prediction analyses were performed to assess pathogenicity.ResultsFive patients from three unrelated families with DEEs had symptoms that started during the neonatal period with seizures and myoclonus that became refractory to antiepileptic medications. WES identified previously unreported variants in all three families: homozygous variants in GRIN1 and SYNJ1, and compound heterozygous variants in RARS2. These variants affected protein structure by in silico tools and were classified as variants of uncertain significance hot, pathogenic/likely pathogenic respectively according to ACMG criteria.DiscussionWe identified rare variants in three genes (GRIN1, SYNJ1, and RARS2) associated with early onset of DEEs in SSA, expanding their genetic and epidemiological spectrum. Larger cohort studies in SSA may unravel more variants with potential clinical implications and further our understanding of the disease mechanism.
Reported race-associated differences in control and schizophrenia post-mortem brain transcriptomes implicate stress-related and neuroimmune pathways
Authors: Simmons Shay , Arbabi Keon , Felsky Daniel , Wainberg Michael , Tripathy Shreejoy J. 
Published: November 2024

BackgroundThe molecular mechanisms underlying racial disparities in schizophrenia (SCZ) illness courses and outcomes are poorly understood. While these differences are thought to arise partly through stressful social gradients, little is known about how these differences are reflected in the brain, nor how they might underlie disparate psychiatric outcomes.MethodsTo better understand the neuro-molecular correlates of social gradients, SCZ, and their overlap, we analyzed post-mortem dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (DLPFC) RNAseq data from two racially diverse cohorts in the CommonMind Consortium (235 reported Black and 546 White, 322 SCZ cases and 459 controls) using differential expression and gene set variation analyses.ResultsWe observed differences in brain gene expression that were consistent across cohorts and reported race. A combined mega-analysis identified 1,514 genes with differential expression (DE) between reported race groups after accounting for diagnosis and other covariates. Functional enrichment analyses identified upregulation of genes involved in stress and immune response, highlighting the potential role of environmental differences between reported race groups. In a race-by-diagnosis interaction analysis, no individual genes passed statistical significance. However, 109 gene sets showed statistically significant differences, implicating metabolic and immune pathways.ConclusionOur results suggest molecular mechanisms uniquely perturbed across reported race groups and identify several candidate pathways associated with SCZ in a reported race-dependent manner. Our results underscore the importance of diverse cohort ascertainment to better capture population-level differences in SCZ pathogenesis.
Chrysanthemum indicum L. ameliorates muscle atrophy by improving glucose tolerance in CT26-induced cancer cachexia
Authors: Song Gahee , Choi Minji , Park Woo Yong , Kim Sang Hee , Jiao Wenjun , Park Ja Yeon , Ahn Kwang Seok , Kwak Hyun Jeong , Um Jae-Young 
Published: November 2024

IntroductionCancer cachexia is associated with various metabolic mechanisms such as inflammatory response, insulin resistance, and increased muscle proteolysis. However, effective treatment methods have not yet been standardized. Chrysanthemum indicum L. (CI) is a perennial plant belonging to the Asteraceae family, and its flowers have been used for the treatment of headaches, colds, and rhinitis in Asia.MethodsThis study investigated the effect of CI on cancer cachexia. We subcutaneously injected CT26 colon cancer cells (5 × 105 cells/mouse) into the right flank of BALB/c mice. After 1 week, the mice were orally administered vehicle, CI (100 mg/kg), or Celecoxib (50 mg/kg) for 3 weeks.ResultsCI improved loss of body weight and impaired glucose tolerance, but celecoxib did not recover the body weight and glucose intolerance. CI not only improved the decreased myofiber diameters but also inhibited muscle protein degradation factors, MAFbx and MuRF1. CI also increased cellular membrane GLUT4 in CT26 conditioned medium-treated C2C12 myofibers and cancer cachexia-induced mice. Furthermore, we found that linarin, a constituent of CI, was responsible for the improvement of muscle atrophy.ConclusionOur findings indicate that CI can ameliorate muscle atrophy by improving glucose uptake, suggesting that CI could be a therapeutic agent for cancer cachexia.
Efficacy and safety of Epimedium total flavonoids for primary osteoporosis: a systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Li Jinkun , Huang Xudong , Yuan Yifeng , Zhang Haixin , Zhou Hang , Xiong Wei , Li Yuyi , Zhang Zechen , Qie Fengqing , Mao Yingdelong , Liang Bocheng , Shi Xiaolin , Liu Kang 
Published: November 2024

BackgroundEpimedium total flavonoids (EF) have been recommended to be one of the effective components in Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM) for the treatment of primary osteoporosis (POP) in China. Due to the lack of evidence-based medical evidence on the efficacy and safety of EF for the treatment of POP, the current systematic review and meta-analysis was carried out aimed at evaluating the curative effects and safety profile of EF treatment for POP in order to provide decision making references for clinical research.MethodsThe PubMed, Cochrane Library, EMBASE, Web of Science, CNKI, Wanfang, and VIP databases were searched from the date of inception to 11 August 2024. The outcomes of effectiveness and safety of included studies were collected to conduct meta-analysis or systematic review.ResultsA total of 6 RCTs were included in this study, involving 838 participants. Overall, our results revealed that the experimental group (EG) had comparable results of efficacy to the control group (CG). The lumbar vertebra bone mineral density (BMD) was statistically different compared to the CG (MD = 0.03; 95% CI: 0.01, 0.04; p = 0.0003), but the clinical significance deserved consideration because the 95% CI nearly crossed the invalid line. The femoral neck BMD was neither statistically different nor clinically different between two groups (MD = 0.00; 95% CI: 0.01, 0.02; p = 0.67). The total complication rates were comparable among the two groups (RR = 0.68; 95% CI: 0.39, 1,19; p = 0.18). The quality of the evidence of the present study was judged as moderate and low based on the GRADE analysis.ConclusionEF treatment exhibited good curative effects and safety. The result was comparable to the CG, including other Chinese patent medicines and calcium and vitamin D supplements. The EF treatment was proved to be a reliable alternative option for POP.
Unmasking the impact of COVID-19 on the mental health of college students: a cross-sectional study
Authors: Gandhi Subi , Jordan Alexandra , Glaman Ryan , Morrow Brendan 
Published: November 2024

IntroductionSafeguarding college students’ mental health and well-being poses a challenge for college administrators and clinicians because of the unique circumstances students face and the limited literature on their needs. Prior to the pandemic, depression and anxiety were already on the rise among college students, but the changes associated with it may have exacerbated these issues. Our study aimed to explore factors influencing college students’ mental health and identify common trends in their experiences that could assist organizations and policymakers in the future.MethodsThe study participants (n = 571) were chosen using a convenience sample of undergraduate and graduate students attending a Central Texas university. We employed the Qualtrics survey platform to collect data on multiple demographic variables, behavioral health, and other health outcomes of students in the summer semester of 2021. Our objective in this study was to investigate the various factors that contribute to mental health conditions, particularly anxiety, and depression, independently and jointly, by employing two validated tools - Patient Health Questionnaire 9 (PHQ-9), which measures depression, and General Anxiety Disorder 7 (GAD-7), which measures anxiety.ResultsBoth the tools displayed satisfactory internal consistency, with Cronbach’s alpha coefficients (α) of 0.921 for the PHQ-9 (9-item) scale and 0.943 for the GAD-7 (7-item) scale. The prevalence of depression and anxiety among participants was 39.4% and 40.1%, respectively, with 31% of participants overall reporting both conditions. Among the explored factors, age, race, parent/guardian’s level of education, campus residence status, and health insurance status were associated with depression (p &lt; 0.05), whereas gender, age, race, and parent/guardian’s level of education were associated with anxiety (p &lt; 0.05). Academically, several factors related to learning difficulties (i.e., staying motivated to learn, finding a quiet place to learn) were associated with the severity of depression and anxiety severity, demonstrated through composite scores.ConclusionRobust longitudinal studies should be carried out to ascertain key influencers that affect students’ mental health, and colleges and universities should create policies and protocols to provide support for students during major catastrophes, such as the COVID-19 pandemic, taking into account these influencing factors.
A multidisciplinary weight management intervention for adults with severe mental illness in forensic psychiatric inpatient services (Motiv8): a single blind cluster-randomised wait-list controlled feasibility trial
Authors: Carney Rebekah , Law Heather , El-Metaal Hany , Hann Mark , Shields Gemma , Savage Siobhan , Small Ingrid , Jones Richard , Shiers David , Macafee Gillian , Parker Sophie 
Published: November 2024

BackgroundPeople with severe mental illness experience physical health inequalities and a 15–20-year premature mortality rate. Forensic inpatients are particularly affected by restrictions on movement, long admissions, and obesogenic/sedative psychotropic medication. We aimed to establish the feasibility and acceptability of Motiv8, a multidisciplinary weight management intervention co-produced with service users for forensic inpatients.MethodsA randomised waitlist-controlled trial of Motiv8(+Treatment-As-Usual) vs.TAU was conducted in medium-secure forensic services in Greater Manchester. Motiv8 is a 9-week programme of exercise sessions, diet/cooking classes, psychology, physical health/sleep education, and peer support. Physical and mental health assessments were conducted at baseline/10-weeks/3-months. A nested qualitative study captured participant experiences. A staff sub-study explored ward environment.ResultsWe aimed to recruit 32 participants (four cohorts). The trial met recruitment targets (n=29, 90.9%; 4 cohorts, 100%), participants were randomised to Motiv8+TAU (n=12) or waitlist (control) (n=17). Acceptable retention rates were observed (93.1%, 10-weeks; 72.4%, 3-months), and participants engaged well with the intervention. The blind was maintained, and no safety concerns raised. Assessment completion was high suggesting acceptability (&gt;90% for people retained and engaged in the study). Participants reported high levels of satisfaction.ConclusionsThe trial was not powered to detect group differences. However, data suggests it is feasible to conduct a rigorous, methodologically robust study of Motiv8 vs.TAU for adults on forensic inpatient units. Motiv8 was acceptable with potential promise providing evidence to proceed to a definitive trial for males. A larger trial is needed to explore potential effectiveness and reduce physical health inequalities for people with SMI.Clinical trial registrationhttps://doi.org/10.1186/ISRCTN13539285, identifier ISRCTN13539285.
Genome-Wide Identification and Expression Analysis of the Alfalfa (Medicago sativa L.) U-Box Gene Family in Response to Abiotic Stresses
Authors: Li Shuaixian , Chen Xiuhua , Guo Meiyan , Zhu Xiaoyue , Huang Wangqi , Guo Changhong , Shu Yongjun 
Published: November 2024

E3 ubiquitin ligases known as plant U-box (PUB) proteins regulate a variety of aspects of plant growth, development, and stress response. However, the functions and characteristics of the PUB gene family in alfalfa remain unclear. This work involved a genome-wide examination of the alfalfa U-box E3 ubiquitin ligase gene. In total, 210 members were identified and divided into five categories according to their homology with the members of the U-box gene family in Arabidopsis thaliana. The phylogenetic analysis, conserved motifs, chromosomal localization, promoters, and regulatory networks of this gene were investigated. Chromosomal localization and covariance analyses indicated that the MsPUB genes expanded MsPUB gene family members through gene duplication events during evolution. MsPUB genes may be involved in the light response, phytohormone response, growth, and development of several biological activities, according to cis-acting element analysis of promoters. In addition, transcriptome analysis and expression analysis by qRT-PCR indicated that most MsPUB genes were significantly upregulated under cold stress, drought stress, and salt stress treatments. Among them, MsPUBS106 and MsPUBS185 were significantly and positively correlated with cold resistance in alfalfa. MsPUBS110, MsPUBS067, MsPUBS111 and MsPUB155 were comprehensively involved in drought stress, low temperature, and salt stress resistance. All things considered, these discoveries offer fresh perspectives on the composition, development, and roles of the PUB gene family in alfalfa. They also provide theoretical guidance for further investigations into the mechanisms regulating the development, evolution, and stress tolerance of MsPUB.
Трансформация концептуальных основ государственной культурной политики Российской Федерации в первой четверти XXI века
Authors: И.И. Горлова , А.Л. Зорин 
Published: November 2024

В настоящее время все большее число гуманитариев приходит к выводу, что Россия стоит перед необходимостью перехода к новой парадигме развития, в которой культуре отводится решающая роль. Именно это определяет необходимость проведения научно обоснованной и последовательной культурной политики, органично увязанной с главными целями и задачами, стоящими перед Российским государством. В последнее десятилетие создается новая, адекватная современным реалиям модель государственной культурной политики, в выявлении концептуальных основ которой состоит цель проводимого исследования. Для определения ее особенностей авторы считают необходимым проанализировать предшествующие модели, относящиеся к периоду позднего социализма и времени либеральных реформ. Устанавливается, что существенным пунктом различия этих двух моделей является роль государства в формировании и проведении культурной политики. Делается вывод, что новая модель вбирает в себя позитивные моменты двух предшествующих моделей посредством трансформаций, понимаемых как снятие в гегелевском смысле, а не полное и радикальное перечеркивание. Этим определяются возможности и границы деятельности государства в сфере культуры.
Currently, an increasing number of humanitarians are coming to the conclusion that Russia is facing the need to move to a new development paradigm in which culture plays a decisive role. This is what determines the need for a scientifically sound and consistent cultural policy, organically linked to the main goals and objectives facing the Russian state. In the last decade, a new model of state cultural policy, adequate to modern realities, has been created, the purpose of the research is to identify the conceptual foundations of which. To determine its features, the authors consider it necessary to analyze the previous models related to the period of late socialism and the time of liberal reforms. It is established that the essential point of difference between these two models is the role of the state in the formation and implementation of cultural policy. It is concluded that the new model incorporates the positive aspects of the two previous models through transformations, understood as a withdrawal in the Hegelian sense, rather than a complete and radical crossing out. This determines the possibilities and boundaries of the state's activities in the field of culture.