bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The Radio/X-Ray Correlation in X-Ray Binaries—Insights from a Hard X-Ray Perspective
Authors: Koljonen Karri I. I. , Russell David M. 
Published: January 2019

Abstract
The radio/X-ray correlation is one of the most important pieces of observational evidence of the disk–jet connection in accreting compact objects. However, a growing number of X-ray binaries (XRB) seem to present deviations from the universal radio/X-ray correlation, and the origin of these outliers are still very much debated. In previous studies, the X-ray bolometric luminosity used in the radio/X-ray correlation has been estimated using a narrow, soft X-ray band. We study how estimating the X-ray bolometric luminosity using broadband observations of XRB affects the radio/X-ray correlation. We found that the ratio between the broadband (3–200 keV) and narrowband (3–9 keV) luminosities varies between 5 and 10 in the hard X-ray state. Overall, the resulting radio/X-ray correlation slopes and normalizations did not present a very significant change, suggesting that they are not affected greatly by observational biases but are caused by real physical effects. We found that all sources that reach high enough luminosity change their correlation slopes from the universal slope to a much steeper one. In addition, sources in the steeper radio/X-ray track show a distinct cutoff in the high-energy X-ray spectrum at tens of keV. These results suggest that the accretion flow presents a morphological change at a certain critical luminosity during the outburst rise from radiatively inefficient to radiatively efficient flow that is in turn more efficient in cooling the hot accretion flow producing the hard X-ray emission. This change could also affect to the jet launching properties in these systems.
Evolution of a Magnetic Flux Rope toward Eruption
Authors: Wang Wensi , Zhu Chunming , Qiu Jiong , Liu Rui , Yang Kai E. , Hu Qiang 
Published: January 2019

Abstract
It is well accepted that a magnetic flux rope (MFR) is a critical component of many coronal mass ejections (CMEs), yet how it evolves toward eruption remains unclear. Here we investigate the continuous evolution of a pre-existing MFR, which is rooted in strong photospheric magnetic fields and electric currents. The evolution of the MFR is observed by the Solar Terrestrial Relations Observatory (STEREO) and the Solar Dynamics Observatory (SDO) from multiple viewpoints. From STEREO’s perspective, the MFR starts to rise slowly above the limb five hours before it erupts as a halo CME on 2012 June 14. In SDO observations, conjugate dimmings develop on the disk, simultaneously with the gradual expansion of the MFR, suggesting that the dimmings map the MFR’s feet. The evolution comprises a two-stage gradual expansion followed by another stage of rapid acceleration/eruption. Quantitative measurements indicate that magnetic twist of the MFR increases from 1.0 ± 0.5 to 2.0 ± 0.5 turns during the five-hour expansion, and further increases to about 4.0 turns per astronomical unit (au) when detected as a magnetic cloud at 1 au two days later. In addition, each stage is preceded by flare(s), implying reconnection is actively involved in the evolution and eruption of the MFR. The implications of these measurements on the CME initiation mechanisms are discussed.
Theoretical Predictions of Colors and Metallicity of the Intracluster Light
Authors: Contini E. , Yi S. K. , Kang X. 
Published: January 2019

Abstract
We study the colors and metallicities of the brightest cluster galaxies (BCGs) and intracluster light (ICL) in galaxy groups and clusters, as predicted by a semi-analytic model of galaxy formation, coupled with a set of high-resolution N-body simulations. The model assumes stellar stripping and violent relaxation processes during galaxy mergers to be the main channels for the formation of the ICL. We find that BCGs are more metal-rich and redder than the ICL, at all redshifts once the ICL starts to form (z ∼ 1). In good agreement with several observed data, our model predicts negative radial metallicity and color gradients in the BCG+ICL system. By comparing the typical colors of the ICL with those of satellite galaxies, we find that the mass and metals in the ICL come from galaxies of different mass, depending on the redshift. Stripping of low-mass galaxies,

, is the most important contributor in the early stages of ICL formation, but the bulk of the mass/metals contents are given by intermediate/massive galaxies,

, at lower redshift. Our analysis supports the idea that stellar stripping is more important than galaxy mergers in building up the ICL, and highlights the importance of colors/metallicity measurements for understanding the formation and evolution of the ICL.
A Quantification of the Butterfly Effect in Cosmological Simulations and Implications for Galaxy Scaling Relations
Authors: Genel Shy , Bryan Greg L. , Springel Volker , Hernquist Lars , Nelson Dylan , Pillepich Annalisa , Weinberger Rainer , Pakmor Rüdiger , Marinacci Federico , Vogelsberger Mark 
Published: January 2019

Abstract
We study the chaotic-like behavior of cosmological simulations by quantifying how minute perturbations grow over time and manifest as macroscopic differences in galaxy properties. When we run pairs of “shadow” simulations that are identical except for random minute initial displacements to particle positions (e.g., of order

), the results diverge from each other at the individual galaxy level (while the statistical properties of the ensemble of galaxies are unchanged). After cosmological times, the global properties of pairs of “shadow” galaxies that are matched between the simulations differ from each other, generally at a level of ∼2–25%, depending on the considered physical quantity. We perform these experiments using cosmological volumes of

evolved either purely with dark matter, or with baryons and star formation but no feedback, or else using the full feedback model of the IllustrisTNG project. The runs cover four resolution levels spanning a factor of 512 in mass. We find that, without feedback, the differences between shadow galaxies generally become smaller as the resolution increases—but with the IllustrisTNG model, the results mostly converge toward a “floor.” This hints at the role of feedback in setting the chaotic properties of galaxy formation. Importantly, we compare the macroscopic differences between shadow galaxies to the overall scatter in various galaxy scaling relations, and conclude that, for the star formation-mass and the Tully–Fisher relations, the butterfly effect in our simulations contributes significantly to the overall scatter. We find that our results are robust to whether random numbers are used in the subgrid models or not. We discuss the implications for galaxy formation theory in general and for cosmological simulations in particular.
The Extended Flare in CTA 102 in 2016 and 2017 within a Hadronic Model through Cloud Ablation by the Relativistic Jet
Authors: Zacharias M. , Böttcher M. , Jankowsky F. , Lenain J.-P. , Wagner S. J. , Wierzcholska A. 
Published: January 2019

Abstract
The flat-spectrum radio quasar CTA 102 (redshift 1.037) exhibited a tremendously bright four-month-long outburst from late 2016 to early 2017. In a previous paper, we interpreted the event as the ablation of a gas cloud by the relativistic jet. The multiwavelength data have been reproduced very well within this model using a leptonic emission scenario. Here we expand that work by using a hadronic scenario, which gives us greater freedom with respect to the location of the emission region within the jet. This is important, since the inferred gas cloud parameters depend on the distance from the black hole. While the hadronic model faces the problem of invoking super-Eddington jet luminosities, it reproduces well the long-term trend and also days-long subflares. While the latter result in inferred cloud parameters that match those expected for clouds of the broad-line region, the long-term trend is not compatible with such an interpretation. We explore the possibilities that the cloud is from the atmosphere of a red giant star or comes from a star-forming region that passes through the jet. The latter could also explain the much longer-lasting activity phase of CTA 102 from late 2015 until early 2018.
Une famille dans l’église
Authors: Portilla Ana 
Published: January 2019

Cet article s’intéresse aux manières dont les immigrés de classes populaires et sans statut légal acquièrent et entretiennent des relations après la migration. L’enquête ethnographique, qui porte sur un groupe de fidèles d’une petite église évangélique en Californie, montre que la participation aux sociabilités de l’église est relativement coûteuse et demande un véritable travail d’entretien des relations. Différentes manières d’appartenir au groupe coexistent ensuite et n’ont pas les mêmes effets sur les trajectoires de ces hommes et femmes installés depuis plusieurs années aux États-Unis, pour qui le capital social aide à pallier les multiples obstacles liés à leur statut. Ainsi le franc succès des églises évangéliques auprès des immigrés de classes populaires ne saurait s’expliquer simplement par le rattachement à une « communauté » culturelle et religieuse. Une approche par le capital social permet d’appréhender le reclassement social post-migratoire que permet ce type d’instances d’encadrement.
Diagnostic et perspective clinique sont-ils compatibles ?
Authors: Andronikof Anne 
Published: January 2019

Un psychologue clinicien peut-il, doit-il, poser un diagnostic à l’issue de l’examen psychologique d’un enfant ? Ou doit-on plutôt considérer que la notion de diagnostic est incompatible avec une perspective clinique ? L’auteur développe une réflexion sur ce thème en distinguant plusieurs acceptions du terme : diagnostic nosologique, diagnostic de structure et psychodiagnostic, et en établissant une différence entre bilan et examen psychologique. Contrairement au diagnostic psychiatrique, qui consiste à mettre un nom générique aux troubles ou difficultés que présente un enfant, le psychodiagnostic consiste à re-personnaliser cet enfant en montrant les particularités et potentialités de son fonctionnement psychologique au sein de sa dynamique de développement et dans son contexte de vie.
Retaining Men in Nursing Programs Designed for Women
Authors: Brady Marilyn S , Sherrod Dennis R 
Published: January 2019

ABSTRACT
Men continue to represent a small percentage of the nursing workforce. Along with concerns regarding the nursing shortage are concerns that nursing should reflect the racial, ethnic, and gender characteristics of the population it serves. The purpose of this article is to raise awareness of the challenges male nursing students face and offer strategies to retain these students in educational programs traditionally designed for women.
Richard Dawkins, Philip Kennedy and the Augustinian paradigm of Christianity
Authors: Spangenberg Izak J.J. 
Published: January 2019

Both Richard Dawkins’s book The God Delusion and Philip Kennedy’s book A Modern Introduction to Theology: New Questions for Old Beliefs were published in 2006. This article aims to compare the two books and to argue that Kennedy does not oppose Dawkins’s views but, in fact, debates along similar lines. Kennedy is adamant that the Augustinian paradigm of Christianity no longer makes sense, because it is based on an outdated cosmology and anthropology. He firmly maintains that Christianity requires a new paradigm, which is informed by our current knowledge and worldview. Thomas Kuhn’s ideas of paradigm and paradigm changes in the history of natural sciences are utilised in comparing the books, seeing that Dawkins accepts and works within the Darwinian paradigm of evolutionary biology, and Kennedy argues that Christians and Christian theologians adhere to the Augustinian paradigm of Fall-Redemption-Judgement. It is argued that Dawkins should have referred to the paradigm change in the study of the Bible, which occurred towards the end of the 19th and the beginning of the 20th centuries, and the plea of theologians, like Kennedy, for a paradigm change in theology. The article concludes that only a paradigm change in Christianity, which is in line with the modern worldview, will enable Christians to keep the tradition alive.
Discrete modeling of ion transport and crystallization in layered porous media during drying
Authors: Rahimi Arman , Metzger T. , Kharaghani A. , Tsotsas E. 
Published: January 2019

In this work, an isothermal pore network model has been utilized to investigate ion transport and crystallization in layerd porous media during drying. Said network consists of two distinct layers each with a different pore size distribution. One-dimensional approximation at the throat level describes transport phenomena for liquid, vapor, and dissolved salt. An explicit time stepping scheme has been used to obtain fluid pressure fields and ion concentration. Various simulations are carried out which indicate the effect of mean pore size disparity in the top and bottom layer, as well as the effect of drying rate on final crystal distribution. Keywords: pore network modeling, composite material, drying porous media, crystallization, ion transport.
A Armação Baleeira de Garopaba: sua justa dimensão
Authors: De Souza João Pacheco , Meira Roberta Barros 
Published: January 2019

Este texto se propõe a discutir a Armação Baleeira de Garopaba, pertencente ao complexo de armações construídas e exploradas no Brasil entre os séculos XVII e XIX. Privilegia aspectos relacionados à fundação e à estrutura da Armação, isto é, um sistema organizado de caça da baleia, produção e distribuição de óleo que desempenhou um papel ativo no processo de formação do município de Garopaba. A análise que se segue considera não só a importância econômica da produção do óleo da baleia, mas enfatiza o seu papel primordial ao imprimir um ritmo próprio à economia de algumas regiões coloniais. Nesse sentido, pretende-se dialogar com a historiografia existente, ressaltando a pouco discutida relação entre as armações e a instalação de uma sucessão regular de centros povoados, que se mantinham no litoral catarinense.
Occupational Therapy Interventions for Children and Youth With Challenges in Sensory Integration and Sensory Processing: A Clinic-Based Practice Case Example
Authors: Parham L. Diane , Clark Gloria Frolek , Watling Renee , Schaaf Roseann 
Published: January 2019

Abstract
Evidence Connection articles provide case examples of how practice decisions may be informed by findings of systematic reviews sponsored by the American Occupational Therapy Association (AOTA) Evidence-Based Practice (EBP) Project. This Evidence Connection article describes a case report of a child with a diagnosis of autism spectrum disorder who has difficulties in function and participation related to challenges in sensory integration. This article is the first in a two-part series, and it focuses on occupational therapy provided to the child by a clinic-based therapist in collaboration with the child’s school-based occupational therapist. Part 2 in this series will describe the same child’s intervention by the school-based therapist. Intervention decisions are informed by findings of systematic reviews of intervention effectiveness that were part of an AOTA EBP Project addressing occupational therapy interventions for children and youth with challenges in sensory integration and sensory processing.
The influence of leg positioning on the appearance and quantification of 1H magnetic resonance muscle spectra obtained from calf muscle
Authors: Pasanta Duanghathai , Tungjai Montree , Kothan Suchart 
Published: January 2019

PurposeTo study proton magnetic resonance spectra (1H-MRS) of the muscle metabolite of a leg muscle in neutral (NEU), internal rotation (INT), and external rotation (EXT) leg positioning.Material and methodsThe volunteers were selected for this study. The tibialis anterior (TA), soleus (SOL), and gastrocnemius (GAS) muscles of a non-dominate leg were determined by using single-voxel spectroscopy 8 × 8 × 20 mm3 in size. 1H-MRS measurements were performed on a 1.5-Tesla magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) scanner.ResultsThe results showed that metabolite spectrum of muscle in each NEU, INT, and EXT of leg positioning were not similar. Additionally, the quantification of IMCL (CH3) and EMCL (CH3) is significantly different in SOL.ConclusionsOur study showed that leg positioning influences the appearance and quantification of 1H-MRS in the calf muscle. Hence, it is necessary to pay close attention to positioning because it interferes with spectral fitting and quantification.
Caseous calcification of the mitral annulus – the complementary role of computed tomography and transthoracic echocardiogram
Authors: Michałowska Ilona , Szymański Piotr , Kwiatek Paweł , Spałek Michał , Furmanek Mariusz , Zieliński Piotr , Kochańska Sara , Lipczyńska Magdalena 
Published: January 2019

PurposeCaseous calcification is a relatively uncommon variant of calcification of the mitral annulus. The purpose of the study was to assess characteristic radiological features of caseous calcification of the mitral annulus (CCMA) using computed tomography (CT) and compare the usefulness of CT and transthoracic echocardiogram (TTE) in a diagnosis of CCMA.Material and methodsSeventeen patients with CCMA, who underwent TTE and CT, were analysed. The following features of CCMA were evaluated: location, size, attenuation, enhancement after contrast administration, and margins.ResultsIn all cases TTE visualised an echo-dense structure with an irregular appearance involving the mitral valve annulus. In five cases the acoustic shadowing artefact was visible, and in four cases the mass contained central areas of echolucency. Eleven patients had valve disease.
On CT CCMA appeared as a round mass in one case, in 10 cases as an oval mass, and in six patients it had a semilunar shape.
In all cases on unenhanced CT, CCMA appeared as a hyperdense mass. On enhanced CT, CCMA in 10 cases (58.8%) had a hypodense centre, and in 7seven (41.2%) it had a hyperdense centre without enhancement after contrast administration. A hyperdense rim was observed in all cases except one patient.ConclusionsIn cases of the atypical appearance of CCMA on TTE, CT can lead to a definitive diagnosis. The combination of unenhanced CT and after IV contrast administration scans allows for recognition and distinction of CCMA from other pathologies, while TTE allows for assessment of additional valve dysfunction.
Clinicopathological and morphological spectrum of gastrointestinal stromal tumours on multi-detector computed tomography
Authors: Mathew Rishi Philip , Xavier Joseph Vinod , Babukumar Sandeep M. , Basti Ram Shenoy , Suresh Hadihally B. 
Published: January 2019

IntroductionTo describe the clinicopathological and morphological features of gastrointestinal stromal tumours (GISTs) on multi-detector computed tomography (MDCT).Material and methodsMDCT (plain and post contrast) images of 25 confirmed cases of GISTs were retrospectively evaluated from our hospital database. The images were analysed for the location, size, growth pattern, attenuation pattern, relation to adjacent structures, presence or absence of ulceration, calcification, metastases, lymphadenopathy, and for any complications such as haemorrhage, intestinal obstruction, etc. Institutional Ethics Committee clearance was obtained prior to the commencement of the study. Statistics used included percentage frequency.ResultsOur study group comprised 14 males and 11 females. The mean age of our study population was 60 years (age range: 40 to 82 years). The mean tumour size was 11.7 cm. The stomach and small bowel accounted for 76% of the primary tumour site. The commonest imaging appearance of GIST observed in our study was that of an exophytic mass (76%) with a heterogenous pattern of enhancement (96%) with intratumoural necrosis (76%). MDCT demonstrated complications in three patients (12%). Six patients presented with metastatic foci (five to the liver and one to the lung), while lymphadenopathy was observed in five patients (20%). Associated complications included intestinal obstruction (8%) and retrogastric haematoma (4%). Incidental findings included uterine fibroid (n = 1), ovarian dermoid (n = 1), and chronic pancreatitis (n = 1).ConclusionsGISTs are predominantly large tumours with a well circumscribed and exophytic pattern on MDCT, with or without cystic/necrotic areas, and they mostly show a heterogenous pattern of enhancement on post-contrast administration.
Estudio y valoración de un modelo didáctico intertextual literario-musical. Una investigación en la Región de Murcia
Authors: De Vicente-Yagüe Jara María Isabel 
Published: January 2019

En el presente artículo exponemos una investigación sobre la práctica lectora y el hábito de escucha musical, pilares fundamentales de la educación literaria y musical, en la Educación Secundaria Obligatoria, el Bachillerato y las Enseñanzas Artísticas de Música. Hemos pretendido comprobar si se fomenta el interés lector y auditivo del alumnado a través de un modelo didáctico interdisciplinar basado en el estudio de referentes intertextuales en las obras mixtas literario-musicales, que se ha aplicado en diversos centros educativos de la Región de Murcia. Como instrumentos metodológicos se han utilizado, fundamentalmente, la observación, los cuestionarios (15 tipos) y las entrevistas, aunque en este trabajo solo contemplamos los datos cuantitativos de los alumnos, tratados mediante el programa informático SPSS, versión 15. Finalmente, del análisis de los resultados se desprende que la aplicación del método ha estimulado considerablemente la afición por la lectura y la audición musical, al mismo tiempo que ha contribuido de forma significativa en la interpretación de las obras trabajadas.
This paper describes research into high school pupils’ reading and listening to music habits, both of which are key pillars of literary and music education in Secondary Education, Baccalaureate and Musical Studies. The study examined whether pupils’ interest in literature and music is enhanced by an interdisciplinary teaching approach based on the analysis of intertextual references in combined literary works and musical compositions. Data were collected in various schools throughout the Region of Murcia using classroom observation, questionnaires (15 types) and personal interviews. Statistical analyses (SPSS version 15) of quantitative data revealed that the implementation of this teaching approach not only increased pupils’ interest in reading and music, but led to a significant improvement of their interpretation of the textual and musical pieces studied.