bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Field of Rods: Part 2. Mockup and Performance Testing of TSSA
Authors: Carbary Lawrence D. , Ludvik Michael A. , Lencus Algis , Zhong Frank 
Published: October 2018

ABSTRACTEric Owen Moss Architects has designed a glass cylinder roof for the 8511 Warner Drive project in Culver City, CA. Curved laminated glass tubes suspended from a structural frame provide a striking structure unequalled in structural glass design. Their pursuit of discovering methods that bring projects to public prominence is evident in this design of hanging tubes. The engineering design and redundancy was presented at Engineered Transparency 2016 and this is a continuation of the mockup and validation. The project uses nearly 200 curved annealed laminated tubes (of various lengths) suspended from a structure where mechanical fastening of the glass tube by drilled holes and bolts is architecturally unappealing. The top of the tube is designed with conventional structural silicone and a “Yoke” inside the middle of the tube is attached with TSSA. The Yoke is bonded to curved steel 65 mm × 125 mm rectangular patches with TSSA. The curved fittings attached to the glass have to be machined to match the glass that has a 305 mm radius. The engineering challenge is to use the TSSA to resist the rotational stresses between the two halves of the cylinder during wind and seismic events. Mockup challenges with glass fracture due to heat capacity of large metal fittings were resolved with engineered steel fittings that were smaller in mass and dimensionally adjusted. Additional challenges include dimensional tolerances in glass and machined fittings that resulted in trapped air in the adhesive. The aesthetic trapped air issues were overcome by layering TSSA films upon each other to resolve the tolerances. A customized quality assurance process was implemented to validate performance of the cured adhesive. Results of quality assurance tests are presented. The design team is in the process of executing the design through mockup and validation for full scale production.
Functional Hyper‐Crosslinked Polypyrene for Reductive Decolorization of Industrial Dyes and Effective Mercury Removal from Aqueous Media
Authors: Varyambath Anuraj , Song Wen L. , Kim Il 
Published: October 2018

AbstractA rigid and valuable hyper‐crosslinked polymer (HCP) has been synthesized from the polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon pyrene: hyper‐crosslinked polypyrene (HCPPy). HCPPy was prepared through a simple one‐step Friedel‐Crafts alkylation reaction that involves ZnBr2‐catalyzed crosslinking in the presence of an external crosslinker, bromomethyl methyl ether (BME). Interestingly, the unreacted bromomethyl groups (−CH2Br) on the surface of HCPPy could be quantified, which later aided in modification as per our requirement. We aimed at modifying with disulfide‐containing cystamine dihydrochloride (Cys‐HCPPy). Cys‐HCPPy exhibited an extended π‐conjugated system with uniform (∼1 μm diameter) morphology and high porosity (specific surface area: 445 m2 g−1). As a fundamental application, the Cys‐HCPPy composite was used as a sorbent to remove Hg2+ ions from aqueous media. Thus, at pH 6, the adsorption capacity for mercury ions reached 1124.82 mg g−1 after 24 h. Furthermore, the immobilization of Ag nanoparticles on the surface of Cys‐HCPPy (Ag@Cys‐HCPPy) enhanced the catalytic properties, which allowed for the reductive decolorization of industrial dyes such as methylene blue, methyl orange, and Congo Red in the presence of NaBH4 as a reducing agent.
Electrochemical Determination of Serotonin Using Pre‐treated Multi‐walled Carbon Nanotube‐polyaniline Composite Electrode
Authors: Koluaçık Elif , Karabiberoğlu Şükriye Ulubay , Dursun Zekerya 
Published: October 2018

AbstractIn this study, the multiwalled carbon nanotube‐poly (aniline) (MWCNT‐PANI) composite is successfully deposited on the glassy carbon electrode (GCE) by electropolymerization as an efficient and conventional route. The structural and chemical properties of the MWCNT‐PANI was investigated by various spectroscopic and analytical techniques, scanning electron microscopy (SEM), X‐Ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS). After that, the electrochemical oxidation behavior of serotonin (5‐HT) in phosphate buffer solution (pH 7.4) was examined using cyclic voltammetry (CV). Besides, the MWCNT‐PANI/GCE used for the detection of 5‐HT with linear concentration range (1.0×10−7–1.2×10−5 mol L−1), low limit of detection (3.3×10−8 mol L−1) under differential pulse voltammetric (DPV) conditions. The proposed electrochemical sensor based on MWCNT‐PANI is both time and cost effective, has good reproducibility, high selectivity as well as stability for 5‐HT determination. The developed composite electrode was used to detect 5‐HT in synthetic urine sample and satisfactory results were obtained with high recoveries.
Facile and Scalable Fabrication of Porous g‐C3N4 Nanosheets with Nitrogen Defects and Oxygen‐Doping for Synergistically Promoted Visible Light Photocatalytic H2 Evolution
Authors: Shan Xin , Ge Guifang , Zhao Zhongkui 
Published: October 2018

A facile and scalable approach is firstly presented to fabricate novel O‐doped nitrogen defective porous g‐C3N4 nanosheets (PNV‐CN) through thermal polymerization of a guanylurea nitrate (GLUN) precursor that forms by a nitric acid assisted heating reaction process of dicyandiamide (DCDA), in which nitrate ions act as the intensified gas template function for producing pores and carbon nitride nanosheet structures and the oxidant for forming nitrogen defects. PNV‐CN demonstrates a high visible light photocatalytic activity of 62.4 μmol h−1 and an apparent quantum efficiency of 4.0% at 420 nm with 17.3 and 5.5 times higher hydrogen evolution rate (HER) than bulk g‐C3N4 (B‐CN) prepared by thermal polymerization of DCDA and the loose g‐C3N4 (LB‐CN), prepared via thermal polymerization of a mixture (DMDN) consisting of dicyandiamide nitrate (DN), GLUN, and their hydrogen‐bonding macromolecular compounds by drying the physical mixture of DCDA and nitric acid, respectively. The outstanding photocatalytic properties of PNV‐CN for visible light‐driven hydrogen evolution originate from the enhanced charge separation and migration, extending visible light absorption tails, promoting recombination of charge carriers, increased active sites, and strengthened mass transfer process that results from the synergistically promoting effect of hierarchical porous morphology, as‐formed nitrogen defects, O‐doping and the unique nanosheet structure.
Rapid T1 quantification from high resolution 3D data with model‐based reconstruction
Authors: Maier Oliver , Schoormans Jasper , Schloegl Matthias , Strijkers Gustav J. , Lesch Andreas , Benkert Thomas , Block Tobias , Coolen Bram F. , Bredies Kristian , Stollberger Rudolf 
Published: October 2018

PurposeMagnetic resonance imaging protocols for the assessment of quantitative information suffer from long acquisition times since multiple measurements in a parametric dimension are required. To facilitate the clinical applicability, accelerating the acquisition is of high importance. To this end, we propose a model‐based optimization framework in conjunction with undersampling 3D radial stack‐of‐stars data.Theory and MethodsHigh resolution 3D T1 maps are generated from subsampled data by employing model‐based reconstruction combined with a regularization functional, coupling information from the spatial and parametric dimension, to exploit redundancies in the acquired parameter encodings and across parameter maps. To cope with the resulting non‐linear, non‐differentiable optimization problem, we propose a solution strategy based on the iteratively regularized Gauss‐Newton method. The importance of 3D‐spectral regularization is demonstrated by a comparison to 2D‐spectral regularized results. The algorithm is validated for the variable flip angle (VFA) and inversion recovery Look‐Locker (IRLL) method on numerical simulated data, MRI phantoms, and in vivo data.ResultsEvaluation of the proposed method using numerical simulations and phantom scans shows excellent quantitative agreement and image quality. T1 maps from accelerated 3D in vivo measurements, e.g. 1.8 s/slice with the VFA method, are in high accordance with fully sampled reference reconstructions.ConclusionsThe proposed algorithm is able to recover T1 maps with an isotropic resolution of 1 mm3 from highly undersampled radial data by exploiting structural similarities in the imaging volume and across parameter maps.
de Sitter Vacua with a Nilpotent Superfield
Authors: Kallosh Renata , Linde Andrei , McDonough Evan , Scalisi Marco 
Published: October 2018

AbstractWe study the arguments given in [] which suggest that the uplifting procedure in the KKLT construction is not valid. First we show that the modification of the SUSY breaking sector of the nilpotent superfield, as proposed in [], is not consistent with non‐linearly realized local supersymmetry of de Sitter supergravity. Keeping this issue aside, we also show that the corresponding bosonic potential does actually describe de Sitter uplifting.
Caffeinium Hydrogen Sulfate: A Green Solid Acid Catalyst for Selective One‐Pot Domino Knoevenagel‐Michael Transformations
Authors: Agarwal Shalini , Poddar Roona , Kidwai Mazaahir , Nath Mahendra 
Published: October 2018

AbstractA green, water soluble and efficient solid acid catalyst Caffeinium Hydrogen Sulfate (CHS) is prepared by sulfonation of caffeine and characterized by 1H‐NMR, 13C‐NMR, FTIR spectroscopy, elemental and thermal analysis. The catalytic application of the prepared catalyst for the selective one‐pot domino Knoevenagel‐Michael synthesis of bis‐cyclohexenones and 1,8‐dioxooctahydroxanthenes is investigated. This report demonstrate the selectivity of CHS to synthesise bis‐cyclohexenone and xanthenes at different temperature conditions. The proposed methodology put forward various advantages such as cost effectiveness, excellent yields of the targeted products, clean and mild reaction profile, negligible waste generation, eliminate the use of harmful organic solvents and corrosive reagents, reusability of the catalytic system and afford pure products without any extraction and purification steps.
ZnSn(OH)6 Photocatalyst for Methylene Blue Degradation: Electrolyte‐Dependent Morphology and Performance
Authors: Ren Zhen , Zhou DunFan , Zhang Liheng , Yu Meng , Wang Zhengyu , Fan Yaping , Zhang Daoming , Zhang Quansheng , Xie Jingying 
Published: October 2018

AbstractSynthesis of nanomaterial with novelty morphology is one of the major effects to its performance. In this study, photocatalyst ZnSn(OH)6 was synthesized based on one step cationic membrane electrolysis technology using zinc plate as Zn source and aqueous sodium stannate as Sn source. Effects of electrolytic current density and supporting electrolyte including NaCl, NaAc and sodium citrate (NaCt) on the morphology and performance of ZnSn(OH)6 were studied. The crystal structure and morphology of the synthesized ZnSn(OH)6 was characterized by XRD, HR‐TEM, FE‐SEM, EDX, specific surface area by BET, chemical bond by FT‐IR and UV‐Vis‐DRS. The photocatalytic performance of the synthesized ZnSn(OH)6 catalyst was evaluated by the degradation of 10 mg/L methylene blue (MB) under UV light, the results showed that the photocatalyst ZnSn(OH)6 synthesized at 0.03 A/cm2 current density in 0.5 mol/L NaCl electrolyte exhibits the best photocatalytic activity as 100% degradation of MB after 40 min UV radiation. The photodegradation mechanism is also proposed and discussed. The results exhibited that electrolysis synthesized ZnSn(OH)6 is a promising photo‐catalyst for aqueous organic pollutant degradation.
Synthesis of New Heterocyclic Systems: Pyrido[3′,2′:4,5]thieno(furo)[2,3‐e][1,2,4]triazolopyrimidines and an Unusual ANRORC Rearrangement in the Fused Pyrimidine Series
Authors: Sirakanyan Samvel N. , Spinelli Domenico , Geronikaki Athina , Kartsev Viktor G. , Hakobyan Elmira K. , Hovakimyan Anush A. 
Published: October 2018

AbstractThe synthesis of some new ‘complex’ pentaheterocyclic systems, pyrido[3′,2′:4,5]thieno(furo)[2,3‐e][1,2,4]triazolopyrimidines, containing a 1,2,4‐triazolo ring fused at [a] and [b] sides of the pyrimidine ring is described. Interestingly reacting the S,N‐dimethylated compounds 5(c‐h) (containing a furane ring) with hydrazine hydrate, an unusual rearrangement deriving by the breaking of an amide group (HN‐C=O) of the pyrimidine ring has been observed. As a result of the rearrangement 8(9)‐amino‐9(10)‐(methylamino)pyrano[4′′,3′′:4′,5′]pyrido[3′,2′:4,5]furo[3,2‐d]pyrimidin‐7(8)‐ones 9 were obtained: their cyclization led to the formation of new heterocyclic systems, 4(5)‐alkyl‐11(12)‐methylpyrido[3′,2′:4,5]furo[3,2‐d][1,2,4]triazolo[1,5‐a]pyrimidin‐7(8)‐ones 11. The structures of the obtained compounds were confirmed by different physico‐chemical methods.
Chemical Composition Analysis and In Vitro Investigation of Cytotoxic and Antioxidative Activities of Iranian Propolis against Breast Cancer Cell Line, MCF‐7
Authors: Asgharpour Fariba , Moghadamnia Ali Akbar , Kazemi Sohrab , Nouri Hamid Reza , Pouramir Mahdi , Mousavi Seyedeh Narges , Motallebnejad Mina 
Published: October 2018

AbstractPropolis is a natural resinous mixture found in beehives. It has pharmacological and biology properties, which are related to its chemical composition. In the current study, the chemical composition of ethanolic extract of Iranian propolis (EEIP) was determined through high‐performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). The radical scavenging activity of EEIP was evaluated through 2,2‐diphenyl‐1‐picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) and 2,2′‐azino‐bis (3‐ethylbenzothiazoline‐6‐sulfonic acid (ABTS) along with ferric reducing ability power (FRAP) assay. In addition, the cytotoxic effects and intracellular capacity for reactive oxygen species (ROS) production of EEIP and individual components were evaluated on human breast cancer cell line, MCF‐7. Also, effects of EEIP on cell viability was measured on fibroblast as a normal cell line. The obtained results revealed high contents of total phenolics and flavonoids in the EEIP extracts. The bioactive compounds that were identified in the EEIP extracts included caffeic acid, quercetin, chrysin, galangin, and pinobanksin. The EEIP and polyphenols were cytotoxic for MCF‐7 cells and significantly tended to increase intracellular ROS production in a dose dependent manner. In contrast, EEIP had no cytotoxic effect on fibroblast cells. Taken together, we suggest that the synergistic effect of the main components of propolis is related to increase of ROS and inhibition of MCF‐7 cell proliferation.
Fraud detection-oriented operators in a data warehouse based on forensic accounting techniques
Authors: Arboleda Francisco Javier Moreno , Guzman-Luna Jaime Alberto , Torres Ingrid-Durley 
Published: October 2018

The fields of finance and accounting are especially susceptible to fraud. For this reason, special techniques have been developed for prevention or detection in these fields. For instance, in the field of finance, there are proposals focused on historical data analysis and statistical distribution, credit card transaction analysis and financial statements. 1 2 3 One of them is an integrated language model. 4 The fields of finance and accounting are especially susceptible to fraud. For this reason, special techniques have been developed for prevention or detection. Francisco Javier Moreno Arboleda, Jaime Alberto Guzman-Luna and Ingrid-Durley Torres present several fraud detection techniques, focusing on the fields of finance and forensic accounting. Based on these techniques, they define specialised operators focusing on fraud detection in a data warehouse. While the techniques are able to flag potential frauds, there is some way to go to being able to positively identify them, and the authors suggest future work in this area.
Global modes and nonlinear analysis of inverted-flag flapping
Authors: Goza Andres , Colonius Tim , Sader John E. 
Published: October 2018

An inverted flag has its trailing edge clamped and exhibits dynamics distinct from that of a conventional flag, whose leading edge is restrained. We perform nonlinear simulations and a global stability analysis of the inverted-flag system for a range of Reynolds numbers, flag masses and stiffnesses. Our global stability analysis is based on a linearisation of the fully coupled fluid–structure system of equations. The calculated equilibria are steady-state solutions of the fully coupled nonlinear equations. By implementing this approach, we (i) explore the mechanisms that initiate flapping, (ii) study the role of vorticity generation and vortex-induced vibration (VIV) in large-amplitude flapping and (iii) characterise the chaotic flapping regime. For point (i), we identify a deformed-equilibrium state and show through a global stability analysis that the onset of small-deflection flapping – where the oscillation amplitude is significantly smaller than in large-amplitude flapping – is due to a supercritical Hopf bifurcation. For large-amplitude flapping, point (ii), we confirm the arguments of Sader et al. (J. Fluid Mech., vol. 793, 2016a) that classical VIV exists when the flag is sufficiently light with respect to the fluid. We also show that for heavier flags, large-amplitude flapping persists (even for Reynolds numbers
${<}50$
) and is not classical VIV. Finally, with respect to point (iii), chaotic flapping has been observed experimentally for Reynolds numbers of
$O(10^{4})$
, and here we show that chaos also persists at a moderate Reynolds number of 200. We characterise this chaotic regime and calculate its strange attractor, whose structure is controlled by the above-mentioned deformed equilibria and is similar to a Lorenz attractor.
Racial and ethnic disparities in predictors of glycemia: a moderated mediation analysis of inflammation-related predictors of diabetes in the NHANES 2007–2010
Authors: Nowlin Sarah , Cleland Charles M. , Parekh Niyati , Hagan Holly , Melkus Gail 
Published: October 2018

Abstract
Background/Objective
Racial/ethnic disparities in type 2 diabetes (T2D) outcomes exist, and could be explained by nutrition- and inflammation-related differences. The objective of this study is to identify associations between race/ethnicity and glucose control among participants from NHANES 2007–2010, as influenced by diet quality, body mass, and inflammation and grouped by T2D status.

Subjects/Methods
The following is a cross-sectional, secondary data analysis of two NHANES data cycles spanning 2007–2010. The association between race/ethnicity and hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c) as mediated by dietary intake score, body mass index (BMI), and C-reactive protein (CRP) was assessed, as was the strength of the difference of that association, or moderation, by T2D status. The sample included n = 7850 non-pregnant adult participants ≥ 20 years of age who had two days of reliable dietary recall data, and no missing data on key variables included in the analysis. The primary outcome examined was HbA1c.

Results
The model accurately explained the variation in HbA1c measures in participants without T2D, as mediated by diet quality, BMI, and CRP. However, significant variation in HbA1c remained after accounting for aforementioned mediators when contrasting non-Hispanic White to non-Hispanic Black participants without T2D. The model was not a good fit for explaining racial/ethnic disparities in HbA1c in participants with T2D. A test of the index of moderated mediation for this model was not significant for the differences in the effect of race/ethnicity on HbA1c by T2D status (moderator).

Conclusions
This study demonstrated that diet quality, BMI, and CRP mediated the effect of race/ethnicity on HbA1c in persons without T2D, but not in persons with T2D. Further research should include additional inflammatory markers, and other inflammation- and T2D-related health outcomes, and their association with racial/ethnic disparities in diabetes.
The charm of structural neuroimaging in insanity evaluations: guidelines to avoid misinterpretation of the findings
Authors: Scarpazza C. , Ferracuti S. , Miolla A. , Sartori G. 
Published: October 2018

AbstractDespite the popularity of structural neuroimaging techniques in twenty-first-century research, its results have had limited translational impact in real-world settings, where inferences need to be made at the individual level. Structural neuroimaging methods are now introduced frequently to aid in assessing defendants for insanity in criminal forensic evaluations, with the aim of providing “convergence” of evidence on the mens rea of the defendant. This approach may provide pivotal support for judges’ decisions. Although neuroimaging aims to reduce uncertainty and controversies in legal settings and to increase the objectivity of criminal rulings, the application of structural neuroimaging in forensic settings is hampered by cognitive biases in the evaluation of evidence that lead to misinterpretation of the imaging results. It is thus increasingly important to have clear guidelines on the correct ways to apply and interpret neuroimaging evidence. In the current paper, we review the literature concerning structural neuroimaging in court settings with the aim of identifying rules for its correct application and interpretation. These rules, which aim to decrease the risk of biases, focus on the importance of (i) descriptive diagnoses, (ii) anatomo-clinical correlation, (iii) brain plasticity and (iv) avoiding logical fallacies, such as reverse inference. In addition, through the analysis of real forensic cases, we describe errors frequently observed due to incorrect interpretations of imaging. Clear guidelines for both the correct circumstances for introducing neuroimaging and its eventual interpretation are defined
miR-29s function as tumor suppressors in gliomas by targeting TRAF4 and predict patient prognosis
Authors: Shi Cuijuan , Rao Chun , Sun Cuiyun , Yu Lin , Zhou Xuexia , Hua Dan , Wang Run , Luo Wenjun , Jiang Zhendong , Zhou Junhu , Wang Qian , Yu Shizhu 
Published: October 2018

AbstractRobust proliferation and apoptosis inhibition of tumor cells are responsible for the high mortality and poor outcome of patients with high-grade gliomas. miR-29a/b/c have been reported to be important suppressors in several human tumor types. However, their exact roles in gliomagenesis and their relevance to patient prognosis remain unclear. In this study, using 187 human glioma specimens and 20 nontumoral brain tissues, we demonstrated that the expression of miR-29a/b/c decreased progressively as the grade of glioma and the Ki-67 index increased. However, the expression of TRAF4, the functional target of miR-29a/b/c, exhibited the inverse trend, and its level was inversely correlated with the levels of miR-29a/b/c. A Kaplan–Meier analysis demonstrated that the miR-29a/b/c and TRAF4 levels were closely associated with patient survival even in patients with the same tumor grade and identical IDH gene status. A functional study verified that miR-29a/b/c induced apoptosis and suppressed the proliferation of glioma cells by directly targeting TRAF4. An investigation of the mechanism revealed that miR-29a/b/c promoted apoptosis through the TRAF4/AKT/MDM2 pathway in a p53-dependent manner, while miR-29a/b/c induced G1 arrest and inhibited tumor cell proliferation by blocking the phosphorylation of AKT and GSK-3β, and the expression of cyclin D1 and c-Myc. Furthermore, TRAF4-knockdown perfectly simulated the anti-glioma effects of miR-29a/b/c. These findings enrich our understanding of gliomagenesis, highlight the prognostic value of miR-29a/b/c and TRAF4, and imply their potential therapeutic roles in malignant gliomas.