bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Comparison of Different Treatment Schedules of Mitomycin C Intravesical Instillation in High-Risk Superficial Bladder Cancer Patients
Authors: Chen Hong-Ray , Kao Chien-Chang , Tsao Chih-Wei , Tang Shou-Hung , En Meng , Cha Tai-Lung , Sun Guang-Huan , Wu Seng-Tang , Yu Dah-Shyong 
Published: October 2018

Abstract
Objective This study was performed to compare the efficacy of intravesical mitomycin C (MMC) instillation for the prophylaxis of Ta or T1 high-risk nonmuscle invasive bladder cancer (NMIBC) using different schedules.
Materials and methods This retrospective cohort study was conducted on 152 patients treated with intravesical MMC from April 2009 to September 2016. The mean follow-up time was 32.67 months. All patients underwent a complete transurethral resection of bladder tumor (TURBT) and postoperative instillation of MMC within 24 h. The patients were divided into 4 treatment groups: Group 1 was followed-up without any maintenance MMC dose treatment; Group 2 received an MMC instillation once per week for the first 8 weeks; Group 3 received an MMC instillation once per week for the first 8 weeks, and once per month for the following 6 months; and Group 4 received an MMC instillation once per week for the first 8 weeks, and once per month for the following 12 months.
Results The overall recurrence rate was 27.6 %. Group 1 had a significantly high (p < 0.05) recurrence rate of 50 %, while there was no difference in the recurrence rate between the last 3 schedules (Group 2:15 %; Group 3: 24.1 %; group 4: 27.2 %). Moreover, the recurrence rates of Ta or T1 tumors, and low-grade or high-grade tumors were not statistically different among these patient groups.
Conclusion Our comparison of the different schedules of intravesical MMC instillation revealed a significantly higher recurrence rate with one MMC instillation post-TURBT than in patients with a maintenance dose of 8 weeks, 6 months, and 12 months. The time of the MMC maintenance schedule exhibited no significant differences between 8 weeks and 12 months. Thus, we conclude that for T1 or Ta high-risk NMIBC, MMC instillation can be performed once after TURBT, followed by a maintenance treatment once per week for 8 weeks.
An Emergent Entity: Indolent Mucormycosis of the Paranasal Sinuses. A Multicenter Study
Authors: Celis-Aguilar Erika , Burgos-Páez Alan , Villanueva-Ramos Nadia , Solórzano-Barrón José , De La Mora-Fernández Alma , Manjarrez-Velázquez Juan , Verdiales-Lugo Sergio , Escobar-Aispuro Lucero , Becerril Perla , Valdez-Flores Ana , Merino-Ramírez Francisco , Caballero-Rodríguez Carmen 
Published: October 2018

Introduction Indolent or chronic mucormycosis is a rare entity that affects both immunosuppressed and immunocompetent individuals. Additionally, its clinical evolution is nonspecific and there is no standardized treatment for this condition.
Objective To describe the clinical characteristics and management of patients with indolent mucormycosis.
Methods In the project of study with chart review in the Interinstitutional secondary care centers, patients with evidence of indolent mucormycosis, defined as pathological confirmation of nasal/paranasal sinus mucormycosis for more than 1 month, were included. All patients underwent complete laboratory workup, imaging studies, surgical treatment and adequate follow-up. No evidence of disease status was defined when patient had subsequent biopsies with no evidence of mucormycosis.
Results We included seven patients, three female and four male subjects. The mean age was 53.14 years. Four patients were immunosuppressed and three immunocompetent. Among the immunosuppressed patients three had diabetes and one had dermatomyositis. The symptoms were nonspecific: facial pain/headache, mucoid discharge and cacosmia were the ones most frequently reported. Maxillary sinus involvement was present in all patients. Two immunosuppressed subjects received amphotericin. Posaconazole was the only treatment in one immunosuppressed patient. All immunocompetent patients had single paranasal sinus disease and received only surgical treatment. All patients are alive and free of disease.
Conclusion Indolent mucormycosis is a new and emerging clinical entity in immunosuppressed and immunocompetent patients. Single paranasal sinus disease is a frequent presentation and should not be overlooked as a differential diagnosis in these patients. Immunocompetent patients should only be treated surgically.
Liver Transplantation for Neuroendocrine Tumors: What Have We Learned?
Authors: Lim Chetana , Lahat Eylon , Osseis Michael , Sotirov Dobromir , Salloum Chady , Azoulay Daniel 
Published: October 2018

AbstractNeuroendocrine tumors are slow-growing tumors and associated with prolonged overall survival even in the presence of untreated liver metastases. The presence of liver metastases may be responsible for severe symptoms with impairment of quality of life. Liver resection has been proposed to achieve better symptom control and/or improve overall survival, but this concerns less than 20% of patients with liver metastases. In addition, the chance to be really cured after liver resection is around 40%, which prompts consideration of liver transplantation as the only potential curative treatment. Time has come to move beyond the traditional debate around the best candidates and prognostic factors for liver transplantation. This review gives the opportunity to discuss new insights: (1) outcome of liver transplantation for neuroendocrine liver metastases as compared with hepatocellular carcinoma, (2) outcome of salvage liver transplantation as a secondary procedure after surgical resection of neuroendocrine liver metastases, (3) outcome of palliative liver transplantation for neuroendocrine liver metastases, and (4) the chance to be cured after liver transplantation for neuroendocrine liver metastases.
Unfolded Protein Response Sensors in Hepatic Lipid Metabolism and Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease
Authors: Henkel Anne 
Published: October 2018

AbstractActivation of the hepatic unfolded protein response (UPR), a highly conserved cellular response to endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress, is a firmly established feature of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). ER stress is now widely accepted as both a cause and a consequence of hepatic steatosis. Moreover, the accumulation of hepatic lipids induces ER stress, which, in turn, disrupts hepatic lipid metabolism thus creating a vicious cycle that potentiates hepatic lipid accumulation. Additionally, there is interplay between the UPR and the inflammatory cascades associated with progressive nonalcoholic steatohepatitis. Understanding the molecular mechanisms by which the UPR regulates hepatic lipid metabolism and lipotoxic liver injury may lead to the identification of novel therapeutic targets for the treatment of NAFLD.
Association of Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme Insertion/Deletion Polymorphism with Recurrent Pregnancy Loss: a Meta-Analysis of 26 Case-Control Studies
Authors: Aslbahar Fereshteh , Neamatzadeh Hossein , Tabatabaiee Razieh Sadat , Karimi-Zarchi Mojgan , Javaheri Atiyeh , Mazaheri Mahta , Foroughi Elnaz , Nasiri Rezvan 
Published: October 2018

Objective Previous studies investigating the association between angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) gene insertion/deletion (I/D) polymorphism and recurrent pregnancy loss (RPL) risk has provided inconsistent results. The aim of our study was to assess the association between the ACE I/D polymorphism and risk of RPL.
Methods All studies published up to January 30, 2018 on the association of ACE I/D polymorphism with RPL were identified by searching the PubMed, Web of Knowledge, and Google scholar databases.
Results A total of 26 case-control studies with 3,140 RPL cases and 3,370 controls were included in the meta-analysis. Overall, there was a significant association between ACE I/D polymorphism and RPL risk under the allele model (I versus D: odds ratio [OR] = 0.538, 95% confidence interval [CI] = 0.451–0.643, p ≤ 0.001), the homozygote model (II versus DD: OR = 0.766, 95% CI = 0.598–0.981, p = 0.035) and the recessive model (II versus ID + DD: OR = 0.809, 95% CI = 0.658–0.994, p = 0.044). Subgroup analysis by ethnicity showed that there was a significant association between ACE I/D polymorphism and increased risk of RPL in Caucasian and West-Asian populations, but not in East-Asians. When stratified by number of recurrent miscarriages (RMs), a significant association between ACE I/D polymorphism and increased risk of RPL was detected in the group of studies with ≥ 2 RMs, but not in studies with ≥ 3 RMs.
Conclusion The meta-analysis suggests that ACE I/D polymorphism is associated with increased risk of RPL. The ACE I/D polymorphism may be a risk factor for RPL in Caucasian and West-Asian populations, but not in East-Asians.
Radiological Evaluation of TATE Elbow Cartridge Position in Dogs
Authors: Shaw Thomas , Knowles Toby , Burton Neil , Nutt Anna 
Published: October 2018

Objective The main purpose of this study was to evaluate the effect of varying elbow flexion angle and elbow orientation on the radiological measurement of component position for first (1G) and second-generation (2G) TATE elbow cartridges, and to test intra/inter-observer variability of measurements.
Materials and Methods A cadaveric thoracic limb was implanted with a 1G then 2G cartridge, and mounted in lateral recumbency on an acrylic platform. The platform was tilted by set increments up to 10° in both planes, and radiographs were performed at each angle before repeating with the limb in caudocranial positioning. A deterministic trigonometric model was used to show how component angles should vary with changes in orientation, and these were compared with those measured by two observers. Humeral component angle (HCA), radioulnar component angle, varus/valgus cartridge alignment angle and the cartridge height:isthmus width ratio (CIR) were evaluated. Angles within 5° of the zero degrees inclination angle and ratios within 0.2 of the zero degrees inclination ratio were defined as acceptable.
Results Observer component angles for both cartridges were accurate and precise for inclinations up to 10° except for HCA during adduction/abduction. The CIR values were within the acceptable limit for inclinations up to 7.5° in both planes.
Clinical Significance Acceptable limits of limb inclination during positioning for TATE elbow replacement cartridge assessment were defined. All component measurements were sufficiently accurate and precise to be considered for evaluation of component position in clinical cases.
Reduction of Transplant Vasculopathy by Intraoperative Nucleic Acid-based Therapy in a Mouse Aortic Allograft Model
Authors: Arif Rawa , Franz Maximilian , Remes Anca , Zaradzki Marcin , Hecker Markus , Karck Matthias , Müller Oliver J. , Kallenbach Klaus , Wagner Andreas H. 
Published: October 2018

Abstract
Background Transplant vasculopathy (TV) is the main limiting factor for long-term graft survival characterized by fibrosis, myofibroblast, and smooth muscle cell (SMC) proliferation. Decoy oligodeoxynucleotide (dODN) against the transcription factor activator protein-1 (AP-1) might interfere with the expression of AV-related genes that govern neointima formation.
Methods Aortic allografts from DBA/2 mice were incubated with control buffer, consensus, or mutated control AP-1 dODN and were transplanted into the infrarenal aorta of C57BL/6 mice. Cyclosporine A (10 mg/kg body weight [BW]) was administered daily. Explantation and histomorphometric and immunohistochemical evaluation was performed after 30 days. Matrix metalloproteinase (MMP) activity was visualized by gelatin in situ zymography.
Results Intima-to-media (I/M) ratio and neointima formation were significantly reduced in the consensus AP-1 dODN treatment group by 37% (p < 0.05) and 67% (p < 0.01), respectively. SMC α-actin-2 staining and macrophage marker expression revealed a marked reduction in the neointima. I/M ratio was found to correlate with the number of tissue macrophages (p < 0.05). MMP and fibrosis marker expression were not significantly altered.
Conclusion Intraoperative AP-1dODN utilization might be a strategy to preserve graft function after transplantation.
Peronaeusparese bei akuter diabetischer Mononeuropathie mit vollständiger Erholung nach chirurgischer Dekompression – Ein Fallbericht und
Literaturübersicht
Authors: Kolbenschlag Jonas , Daigeler Adrien , Hernekamp Jochen-Frederik , Goertz Ole 
Published: October 2018

ZusammenfassungDer Fall eines 47-jährigen Patienten mit Diabetes mellitus assoziierter Monoparese des N. peronaeus wird vorgestellt. Hieran wird die Prädisposition von Nerven
für eine Kompression an präexistenten Engstellen im Rahmen der Grunderkrankung dargestellt. Diagnostik, Therapie und Verlauf werden beschrieben und im Kontext
der Literatur diskutiert.
Trump, celebrity and the merchant imaginary
Authors: King Barry 
Published: October 2018

AbstractThis article explores the social ontological basis of Trumpism as a form of populism, historically defined as government by personal rule. For many commentators, the key feature of Trump’s presidency is its fundamental irrationality. The President has variously described as ‘dumb’, ‘greedy’, ‘psychotic’, a ‘narcissist’ in the grandiose mode, and an ‘egotist’ unfit for public office. This article does not aim to dissent from these kinds of conclusions but suggests that they partake more of the statement of effects or consequences rather than causes. Indeed, if they are considered as causes they lead to confusion, a kind of ‘attention-deficit disorder’ (which, ironically, some accuse the tweeting President of being a sufferer). Rather this paper suggests that a more systematic examination of the President’s persona reveals it as emerging from a conflation of the discourse of the American family and a merchant imaginary.
Mastocytosis-derived extracellular vesicles exhibit a mast cell signature, transfer KIT to stellate cells, and promote their activation
Authors: Kim Do-Kyun , Cho Young-Eun , Komarow Hirsh D. , Bandara Geethani , Song Byoung-Joon , Olivera Ana , Metcalfe Dean D. 
Published: October 2018

Significance
Pathological findings in systemic mastocytosis (SM) are generally attributed to an increase in the mast cell burden and associated production of mast cell mediators. We now describe that serum from patients with SM contains extracellular vesicles (EVs) with a mast cell signature and that their concentrations correlate with surrogate markers of disease. These SM-EVs have the ability to alter hepatic stellate cell function including promoting a fibrotic phenotype, partly through the introduction of activated KIT. Tyrosine kinase inhibitors used to treat SM reversed these effects. These observations provide additional insight into how mast cells influence other organ systems in mastocytosis and suggest that targeting the release and/or effects of EVs might be of value in conjunction with existing therapeutic approaches.
Historical separation and present-day structure of common dolphinfish (Coryphaena hippurus) populations in the Atlantic Ocean and Mediterranean Sea
Authors: Maggio Teresa , Allegra Alessandro , Andaloro Franco , Pedro Barreiros João , Battaglia Pietro , Butler Christopher M , Cuttitta Angela , Fontes Miguel Rodrigues Jorge , Freitas Rui , Gatt Mark , Karakulak F Saadet , Macias David , Nicosia Aldo , Oxenford Hazel A , Saber Samar , Vasco Rodrigues Nuno , Yildiz Taner , Sinopoli Mauro 
Published: October 2018

AbstractThe common dolphinfish (Coryphaena hippurus) is an epipelagic, mid-trophic level, highly migratory species distributed throughout the world’s tropical and subtropical oceans in waters greater than 20°C. Life-history variables, migratory behaviour, and genetic markers have been used to define major stocks in the central Atlantic Ocean and Mediterranean Sea. Here, we used the mitochondrial DNA gene NADH subunit 1 (688 bp) to test for differences between population groups. A total of 103 haplotypes were detected among 203 fish. Gene diversities in samples were large and similar among populations (mean h = 0.932; range 0.894–0.987), but nucleotide diversities varied widely among samples (range π = 0.004–0.034) and appear to reflect population histories. Principal component analysis revealed two large populations groups, and the analysis of molecular variation and pairwise values of ΦST resolved population structure within these groups. Populations in the eastern Atlantic and Mediterranean showed the largest amounts of divergence from one another (ΦCT = 0.331). Adult movement and biophysical barriers to larval dispersal may explain contemporary differences between stocks, but the divergent populations in the Mediterranean Sea are likely due to isolations by cold temperature barriers during Pleistocene glaciations. The geographically large stock groupings require international cooperation in the harvest management and conservation of local dolphinfish populations.
Abatacept initiation in rheumatoid arthritis and the risk of cancer: a population-based comparative cohort study
Authors: Montastruc François , Renoux Christel , Dell’Aniello Sophie , Simon Teresa A , Azoulay Laurent , Hudson Marie , Suissa Samy 
Published: October 2018

Abstract

Objective
To assess whether abatacept as initial biological DMARD (bDMARD) in the treatment of RA, when compared with other bDMARDs, is associated with an increased risk of cancer overall and by specific cancer sites (breast, lung, lymphoma, melanoma and non-melanoma skin cancer).

Methods
We performed a population-based cohort study among patients newly treated with bDMARDs within the US-based Truven MarketScan population and Supplemental US Medicare from 2007 to 2014. Cox proportional hazards models were used to estimate hazard ratios and 95% CIs of any cancer (and specific cancers) associated with initiation of abatacept, compared with initiation of other bDMARDs, adjusted for age and deciles of the propensity score.

Results
The cohort included 4328 patients on abatacept and 59 860 on other bDMARDs, of whom 409 and 4197 were diagnosed with any cancer during follow-up (incidence rates 4.76 per 100 per year and 3.41 per 100 per year, respectively). Compared with other bDMARDs, the use of abatacept was associated with an increased incidence of cancer overall (hazard ratioadjusted 1.17; 95% CI 1.06, 1.30). Analyses by specific cancer sites showed a significantly increased incidence of non-melanoma skin cancer (hazard ratioadjusted 1.20; 95% CI 1.03, 1.39), but no significant difference for other specific cancer sites.

Conclusion
The use of abatacept as first bDMARD in the treatment of RA was associated with a slight increased risk of cancer overall and particularly non-melanoma skin cancer, compared with other bDMARDs. This potential signal needs to be replicated in other settings.
Dietary patterns and their association with menopausal symptoms: a cross-sectional study
Authors: Soleymani Mahshid , Siassi Fereydoun , Qorbani Mostafa , Khosravi Shahla , Aslany Zahra , Abshirini Maryam , Zolfaghari Ghazal , Sotoudeh Gity 
Published: October 2018

Abstract

Objective:
Although menopause is a natural event in a woman's life, some of its symptoms can be severe enough to adversely affect her health. There is some evidence to suggest that diet has an influence on menopausal symptoms, but less attention has been paid to dietary patterns. The purpose of this study is to determine the association of dietary patterns with physical, mental, and genitourinary menopausal symptoms.

Methods:
A cross-sectional study design was applied using a sample of 400 postmenopausal women who attended health centers in the south of Tehran, Iran. The menopausal symptoms were assessed by a Menopause Rating Scale (MRS) questionnaire; a 147-item, semi-quantitative food-frequency questionnaire was used to collect dietary information, and major dietary patterns were identified by principal component analysis. Linear regression was used to evaluate the relationship between menopausal symptoms and dietary patterns.

Results:
Three major dietary patterns were identified: vegetables and fruits (VF); mayonnaise, liquid oils, sweets, and desserts (MLSD); and solid fats and snacks (SFS). It has been found that the VF dietary pattern is inversely associated with general (β = −1.37; SE = 1.08; P for trend <0.001), physical (β = −1.54; SE = 1.09; P for trend <0.001), and mental (β = −1.58; SE = 1.11; P for trend <0.001) symptoms. A stronger adherence to the MLSD dietary pattern was directly associated with general (β = 1.15; SE = 1.08; P for trend <0.001) and genitourinary symptoms (β = 1.54; SE = 1.1; P for trend <0.001). Moreover, the SFS dietary pattern was directly related to the general (β = 1.23; SE = 1.09; P for trend = 0.01), physical (β = 1.24; SE = 1.09; P for trend = 0.04), and mental (β = 1.29; SE = 1.12; P for trend < 0.001) symptoms.

Conclusion:
The present study demonstrated that there is an inverse association between VF dietary pattern and menopausal symptoms. In contrast, the MLSD and SFS dietary patterns were correlated to an increased risk of these symptoms.
Origins of Lifetime Health Around the Time of Conception: Causes and Consequences
Authors: Fleming Tom P. , Watkins Adam J. , Velazquez Miguel A. , Mathers John C. , Prentice Andrew M. , Stephenson Judith , Barker Mary , Saffery Richard , Yajnik Chittaranjan S. , Eckert Judith J. , Hanson Mark A. , Forrester Terrence , Gluckman Peter D. , Godfrey Keith M. 
Published: October 2018

(Abstracted from Lancet 2018;391:1842–1852)
This review and meta-analysis discusses periconceptional environmental exposures that have been shown to adversely affect humans and animal models and discusses mechanistic causes and consequences. The researchers also report on the relative contributions of maternal and paternal factors on long-term periconceptional influences, in an established low-protein diet (LPD) model of parental undernutrition.
Predictive Value of FDG PET/CT Versus Bone Marrow Biopsy in Pediatric Lymphoma
Authors: Badr Salma , Kotb Magdy , Elahmadawy Mai Amr , Moustafa Hosna 
Published: October 2018

Purpose
The aim of this study was to explore the positive predictive value and negative predictive value of FDG PET/CT. The prognostic impact of tumor burden of bone marrow infiltrates was diagnosed by FDG PET/CT at initial presentation.

Methods
This retrospective study enrolled 140 pediatric patients with pathologically proven lymphoma (113 Hodgkin disease and 27 Non-Hodgkin lymphoma). All patients had pretherapy FDG PET/CT. Bone marrow biopsy (BMB), clinical, radiological, and follow-up data were also collected. The skeleton was divided into 8 segments, and a 5-point scoring system was used for assessment of BM infiltration burden.

Results
Among the 140 lymphoma patients, FDG PET/CT revealed positive BM involvement in 41 patients; 2 of them were false-positive with negative BMB and regional MRI results. Positive predictive value was 95.1% for PET/CT compared with 100% with BMB. All patients diagnosed with positive BMI by BMB were detected by FDG PET/CT. On the contrary, BMB missed 25 patients (17.9%) with statistically significant difference. Negative predictive value was 100% for PET/CT compared with 80.2% for BMB (P < 0.05). FDG PET/CT upstaged 17.9% of the enrolled patients. Bone marrow involvement based on the 5-point scoring system was assessed. No significant difference was demonstrated in therapy outcome between patient with focal BMI (score 2) and extensive BMI (score 5; P = 0.06).

Conclusions
FDG PET/CT has optimum negative predictive value compared with BMB in detection of bone marrow infiltrations in pediatric lymphoma with upstaging cases missed with BMB. Prognostic impact of BMI based on the 5-point scoring system reveals that the main influence is presence or absence of BMI rather than its tumor burden.