bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Geology of Mudstones Atop the Sangonghe Formation, Shuixigou Group, Turpan‐Hami Basin: New Insights and Their Implications for Petroleum Geology
Authors: Wang Weiming , Hu Meishuo , Chen Xuan , Liu Qingguo , La Weihao , Zhang Hua , Yang Yuzhong , Miao Changsheng , Li Tingting 
Published: November 2024

ABSTRACTAs the exploration of deep‐seated oil and gas resources in the Turpan‐Hami Basin intensifies, there is an urgent need to thoroughly depict the geological characteristics of newly uncovered, underexplored strata in sub‐sag centers. This study undertakes the inaugural systematic geochemical analysis of mudstones atop the Sangonghe Formation, including palynological identification, maceral identification, biomarker analysis, total organic carbon (TOC) analysis, and pyrolysis. The findings reveal that the mudstone sequence, as the target layer, was deposited in a warm and moist paleoclimate and a weakly reducing to weakly oxidising saline water environment, fostering the growth of prolific algae and bacteria, thus ensuring substantial foundational materials for source rock formation. The organic matter in the mudstone sequence displays pronounced laminar accumulation. Despite the overall modest abundance, the organic matter features notable hydrocarbon‐generating potential per unit of organic carbon and favourable types. Humic‐sapropelic kerogens (type II1) are found in the mudstones, with organic matter generally reaching a mature to highly mature stage. These characteristics establish the mudstones as effective source rocks, furthermore, the hydrocarbon expulsion in the Xishanyao Formation precedes that of the Sangonghe Formation and that both formations constitute a sequential process in terms of hydrocarbon generation and expulsion timing and hydrocarbon contribution. Reanalyzing this mudstone sequence not only revises prior geological understanding of it as direct cap rocks, but also facilitates the reclassification of deep‐seated strata into three distinct petroleum systems. Centered around this source rock layer, dual modes, namely the “lower‐source rock and upper‐reservoir” and the “ lower‐reservoir and upper‐source rock” modes can be formed. These new insights will offer profound implications for hydrocarbon resource evaluation and future hydrocarbon exploration endeavours in the Shuixigou Group within the Taibei sag.
Health Insurance Coverage Changes Under the Affordable Care Act Among High Housing Cost Households, 2010–18
Authors: Cao Yu , Su Yuxin , Wang Guan , Zhang Chengcheng 
Published: November 2024

ABSTRACTThis study examines the impact of the Affordable Care Act (ACA) on health insurance coverage among rent‐burdened households—those spending more than 30% of their income on rent—and non‐rent‐burdened households. Using data from American Community Survey, we find that Medicaid take‐up rate increased 8.88 percentage points (pp) among rent‐burdened households and 7.54 pp among non‐rent‐burdened households in expansion states. Conditional on household income and demographic characteristics, rent‐burdened households exhibit a 1.5 pp higher likelihood of Medicaid enrollment, with an additional decline of 0.7 pp in employer‐sponsored insurance and 1.0 pp in directly purchased insurance enrollment. These effects were more pronounced among individuals aged over 26 and those in states without state‐run exchanges. The findings show the importance of tailored Medicaid policies to assist households facing housing burdens, especially for those ineligible for housing vouchers.
Fertility treatment and risk of ovarian cancer in a large nationwide cohort of infertile Danish women
Authors: Jensen Allan , Guleria Sonia , Albieri Vanna , Nøhr Bugge , Frederiksen Kirsten , Kjær Susanne K. 
Published: November 2024

AbstractWhether fertility treatment increases the risk of ovarian cancer has been a concern for many decades, but previous research has yielded conflicting findings. We therefore investigated this association within a large population‐based cohort study of infertile women aged 20–45 years and living in Denmark between 1995 and 2017, as identified in the Danish Infertility Cohort (n = 146,110). The study cohort was linked to nationwide registers to obtain information on fertility drug use, cancer diagnoses, covariates, emigration, and vital status was. Hazard ratios (HR) and 95% confidence intervals (CI) with adjustment for potential confounders for ovarian cancer overall and for serous ovarian cancer were estimated using Cox proportional hazard models. During a median 10.3 years of follow‐up, 114 women were diagnosed with ovarian cancer of which 65 had serous ovarian cancer. Our results showed that the rate of serous ovarian cancer (HR 1.92; 95% CI 1.16–3.17) was increased after every use of progesterone but the association was not affected by increased follow‐up time since first use or with increased cumulative dose. We performed a secondary analysis adding less extensive data from 1971 through 1994 from the Danish Infertility Cohort. In this study cohort, 332 women developed ovarian cancer of which 192 had serous ovarian cancer. The overall results were similar, including the association between every use of progesterone and serous ovarian cancer (HR 2.05: 95% CI: 1.31–3.21). In conclusion, the novel finding that use of progesterone is associated with an increased rate of serous ovarian cancer warrants further investigation.
Navigating antibiotic therapy in acute cholangitis: Best practices and new insights
Authors: Masuda Sakue , Imamura Yoshinori , Jinushi Ryuhei , Kimura Karen , Ryozawa Shomei , Koizumi Kazuya 
Published: November 2024

AbstractGlobally, antibiotic resistance is linked to increased morbidity, mortality, and healthcare costs, which necessitates further research on optimal antibiotic usage. Acute cholangitis (AC), a common cause of community‐acquired bacteremia, often requires antimicrobial therapy. Therefore, studying the appropriate use of antibiotics for AC is considered crucial for suppressing the emergence of resistant bacteria and reducing adverse antibiotic‐associated events. The Tokyo Guidelines 2018 (TG18) recommend 4–7 days of antibiotics post‐biliary drainage. However, this lacks strong evidence and is based primarily on various evidence and expert opinions. Recent retrospective studies advocate for a shorter 1–3‐day antibiotic course for AC, thereby prompting a need to reassess the treatment duration to balance therapeutic efficacy and minimize resistance and adverse effects. Choosing the appropriate duration and antibiotics based on susceptibility to pathogens causing cholangitis is important. Awareness of local resistance patterns and understanding patients' risks of resistant pathogens are prerequisite for effective treatment. We must explore the applicability of these guidelines in specific scenarios such as severe AC, positive blood cultures, fever, or hilar biliary obstructions due to malignancy. This comprehensive review considers both the duration and type of antibiotics and aims to enhance treatment outcomes while reducing the risk of resistant bacterial infections.
Improvement in the Low Temperature Prediction Skill During Cold Winters Over the Mid–High Latitudes of Eurasia in CFSv2
Authors: Xiong Kaiguo , Zhao Junhu , Yang Jie , Zhou Jie , Qiao Shaobo , Feng Guolin 
Published: November 2024

ABSTRACTRegional cold winters have occurred frequently in Eurasia since the beginning of the 21st century, increasing the interannual variability in winter temperatures and increasing the difficulty of prediction. In this study, we evaluate the performance of Climate Forecast version 2 (CFSv2) of the National Centers for Environmental Prediction (NCEP) in predicting winter temperature anomalies over the Northern Hemisphere and find that CFSv2 has significantly lower temperature prediction ability for cold winters in the mid–high latitudes of Eurasia since the 21st century. This is mainly due to the stronger response to global warming and the weaker response to sea ice anomalies in the preceding autumn in CFSv2 than the in reanalysis. Accordingly, two targeted correction methods have been developed to improve the prediction ability, with the first method removing the linear temperature trend of CFSv2 predictions and the second method considering the effects of autumn Arctic Sea ice anomalies via a dynamical–statistical correction approach (DSCA). Both methods can effectively improve the prediction ability of winter temperature anomalies in the mid–high latitudes of Eurasia, especially in cold winters. The anomaly correlation coefficient (ACC) increased from −0.03 to 0.13 before and after the modification by the DSCA, and from −0.12 to 0.25 for cold winters. The DSCA significantly reduced the root mean square error (RMSE) of the CFSv2 predictions by approximately 10%.
Clinical Characteristics and Genomic Profile of Malignant Proliferating Trichilemmal Tumor: A Systematic Review of the Literature
Authors: Hanson Noah , Farmer William , Andres Matthew , Franko Jan , Le Viet 
Published: November 2024

ABSTRACTMalignant proliferating trichilemmal tumors (MPTT) are rare skin lesions arising from the outer sheath of the hair follicle root. Because of their rarity and difficulty in pathologic identification, these skin lesions are often initially misdiagnosed. After a literature review, we found initial clinical or histopathological misdiagnosis has an associated 10.4‐fold increase in recurrence and 2.18‐fold increase in deaths.
Pharmacokinetics of PP353, a formulation of linezolid for intervertebral disc administration, in patients with chronic low back pain and Modic change Type 1: A first‐in‐human, Phase 1b, open‐label, single‐dose study
Authors: Tripathi Shiva S. , Sneath Robert , Golash Aprajay , Desai Parag , McHale Duncan , Guest Sarah , Brindley Charlie , Cummings Paul , Smith Shane , Stroud Conrad , Scott Graham , Ruston Steve , Czaplewski Lloyd 
Published: November 2024

AbstractBackgroundBacterial infection of the intervertebral disc is difficult to treat because the tissue is usually not vascularized and systemic antibiotic therapy may not reach optimal antibacterial exposure. Here we characterize the safety, tolerability, and pharmacokinetics of PP353, a suspension of micronized linezolid, formulated for direct intervertebral disc administration.MethodsThe safety, tolerability, and pharmacokinetics of an intradiscal administration of PP353, was assessed in Part A of a Phase 1b study and consisted of a single injection of study drug (3 mL of PP353 and 150 mg linezolid). Clinical assessment included initial safety and tolerability of PP353 with continued follow‐up for 12 months. Assessment of linezolid concentration in plasma samples enabled characterization of the pharmacokinetics. Deconvolution of systemic linezolid was used to estimate intervertebral disc linezolid concentration.ResultsIntradiscal administration of 3 mL of PP353 (linezolid 50 mg/mL) to the nucleus pulposus was well tolerated with no reported study treatment‐related severe or serious adverse events and resulted in an average geometric mean linezolid plasma Cmax of 1300 ng/mL at 7.27 h post‐administration. The linezolid plasma Cmax observed with intradiscal PP353 is approximately 10% that observed with a standard oral or iv administration of 600 mg linezolid. Pharmacokinetic deconvolution estimated that a single dose of PP353 (150 mg linezolid) provided intradiscal bactericidal concentration of linezolid for 96 h and bacteriostatic exposure for up to 120 h after dosing.ConclusionIntradiscal administration of 3 mL of PP353 is well‐tolerated and based on the pharmacokinetics following a single injection, a two‐dose regimen of PP353 (150 mg linezolid) on Day 1 and Day 5 ± 1 was selected to explore safety, tolerability, pharmacokinetics, and efficacy in Part B of the Persica 002 study.
Visual explainability of 250 skin diseases viewed through the eyes of an AI‐based, self‐supervised vision transformer—A clinical perspective
Authors: Abdel Mawgoud Ramy , Posch Christian 
Published: November 2024

AbstractBackgroundConventional supervised deep‐learning approaches mostly focus on a small range of skin disease images. Recently, self‐supervised (SS) Vision Transformers have emerged, capturing complex visual patterns in hundreds of classes without any need for tedious image annotation.ObjectivesThis study aimed to form the basis for an inexpensive and explainable AI system, targeted at the vastness of clinical skin diagnoses by comparing so‐called ‘self‐attention maps’ of an SS and a supervised ViT on 250 skin diseases—visualizations showing areas of interest for each skin disease.MethodsUsing a public data set containing images of 250 different skin diseases, one small ViT was pretrained S) for 300 epochs (=ViT‐SS), and two were fine‐tuned supervised from ImageNet‐weights for 300 epochs (=ViT‐300) and for 78 epochs due to heavier regularization (=ViT‐78), respectively. The models generated 250 self‐attention maps each. These maps were analyzed in a blinded manner using a ‘DermAttention’ score, and the models were primarily compared based on their ability to focus on disease‐relevant features.ResultsVisual analysis revealed that ViT‐SS delivered superior self‐attention‐maps. It scored a significantly higher accuracy of focusing on disease‐defining lesions (88%; confidence interval [CI] 95%: 0.840–0.920) compared to ViT‐300 (78.4%; CI 95%: 0.733–0.835; p < 0.05) and ViT‐78 (51.2%; CI 95%: 0.450–0.574; p < 0.05). It also exceeded in other subcategories of ‘DermAttention’.ConclusionsSS pretraining did not translate to better diagnostic performance when compared to conventional supervision. However, it led to more accurate visual representations of varying skin disease images. These findings may pave the way for large‐scale, explainable computer‐aided skin diagnostic in an unfiltered clinical setting. Further research is needed to improve clinical outcomes using these visual tools.
A Finite Volume Element Scheme Modified With Second‐Order Upwind Fractional Step of Three‐Dimensional Semiconductor Device Transient Behavior and Its Convergence Analysis
Authors: Li Changfeng , Yuan Yirang , Yang Qing , Sun Tongjun 
Published: November 2024

ABSTRACTA finite volume element scheme combined with upwind fractional step differences is presented on nonuniform partition to simulate numerically three‐dimensional transient problems of semiconductor device. Its mathematical model is defined by four partial differential equations (PDEs). An elliptic equation for the potential is discretized by a conservative finite volume element. Other PDEs for the concentrations and heat are treated by upwind fractional step differences. Applying the method of finite volume element, the principle of duality, the induction hypothesis, the prior error theory of differential equations and other special techniques, we give error estimates of second‐order accuracy in ‐norm. Finally, two experimental tests are given for showing possible applications in actual problems.
Behavioral weight loss interventions in college health centers: A qualitative analysis of barriers and facilitators to implementation
Authors: Hayes Jacqueline F. , Darling Katherine E. , Tomashek Hailey , Elwy A. Rani , Wing Rena R. 
Published: November 2024

AbstractBackgroundEmerging adults are underrepresented in standard behavioral weight loss interventions (BWLIs). Offering BWLIs in college health centers may help to address obesity in emerging adulthood by reducing student barriers associated with participation; however, implementation barriers and facilitators for health centers are unknown.MethodsHealth services center administrators and providers (n = 14) and students eligible to participate in a BWLI (n = 9, average BMI = 29.8 ± 4.2 kg/m2) participated in semi‐structured interviews. Interviews focused on the need for and appropriateness of BWLIs in health centers and perceived barriers and facilitators to their implementation.ResultsParticipants generally believed that BWLIs delivered through a health center were appropriate and indicated that BWLIs would be a beneficial offering on‐campus. Facilitators of health center implementation included availability of trained health professionals, intradepartmental relationships, supportive infrastructure and resources, and in‐house planning and execution. Barriers included limited student use and knowledge of health center offerings, narrow referral/recruitment pathways related to stigma concerns, and challenges related to infrastructure, resources, and competing demands.ConclusionsCollege health centers are a feasible and appropriate setting to offer BWLIs, though barriers to implementation exist. It will be important to construct a plan for implementation to address unique barriers in health centers prior to BWLI implementation.
Control design for convection‐reaction systems with storage effects and positive relative degree
Authors: Wurm Jens , Woittennek Frank 
Published: November 2024

AbstractOne‐dimensional distributed‐parameter systems consisting of several convection‐reaction equations, which are distributedly coupled with a reaction equation, are considered. To solve the open‐loop control problem for these kind of systems, an inversion‐based approach is proposed. Along the common characteristic projection, the system can be reduced to a single partial differential equation (PDE) whose boundary conditions (BCs) result from the particular choice of the output to be tracked. The solution of this latter equation constitutes the basis of the control design. The particular properties of the scalar boundary value problem (BVP) to be solved depend on the coupling structure of the originally given convection‐reaction system. While in most cases the output has a relative degree of zero, for practical applications a relative degree of one is of particular interest. In this case, the obtained scalar BVP which describes the internal dynamics, possesses the structure of an infinite‐dimensional differential‐algebraic equation (DAE). Within the paper, the properties of the solution of both problems are discussed from a system analytical point of view.
Elastic and acoustic properties determination of epoxy/polystyrene/nanoclay/red mud waste hybrid composites by ultrasonic method
Authors: Oral Imran , Özmeral Nimet , Ahmetli Gulnare , Guzel Hatice 
Published: November 2024

AbstractUltrasonic methods are more sensitive to defects such as voids, pores, and discontinuities that can diminish the true elastic and acoustic properties of materials compared to destructive testing. Therefore, the elastic properties and some acoustic properties of the epoxy phenol novolac modified with polystyrene (EPN‐PS) matrix‐based nano‐ and hybrid composites were determined for the first time using ultrasonic method. Montmorillonite‐type nanoclay (NC) and industrial red mud waste (RMW) at a rate of 1–4 and 15–35 wt% respectively, were used as fillers in the composite preparation. According to the results, the highest elastic coefficient values (L = 8.14 GPa, G = 1.76 GPa, K = 5.79 GPa and E = 4.80 GPa) were obtained in the EPN‐PS/NC1 (with 1 wt% NC) nanocomposite sample compared to the elastic properties of pure EPN and EPN‐PS, while the highest elastic coefficient values (L = 8.97 GPa, G = 2.19 GPa, K = 6.06 GPa, and E = 5.86 GPa) among hybrid composites (HC) were obtained for the HC35 containing 2 wt. % NC and 35 wt% RMW. Due to both its high elastic and good acoustic properties, wall panels and floors produced using HC35 hybrid composite can be used for sound insulation in noisy environments.Highlights
First evaluation of the acoustic characteristics of epoxy phenol novolac modified with polystyrene‐nanoclay/red mud waste (EPN‐PS‐NC/RMW) composites.
NC4 with 4 wt% nanoclay showed the lowest elastic and acoustic properties.
Nanoclay ratio above 1 wt% reduces elastic and acoustic properties.
The increasing RMW ratio in hybrid composites increases elastic properties.
High elastic and acoustic properties make HC35 ideal for sound insulation.
A novel approach utilizing acoustic emission technique is proposed for predicting the burst pressure of GFRP pressure bottles
Authors: Abraham D. S. Manoj , Jabha D. F. Jingle , Joselin R. 
Published: November 2024

AbstractAcoustic emission (AE) serves as a non‐destructive testing (NDT) technique with unique potential for assessing structural integrity and potentially predicting failures in pressure bottles. The authors have effectively demonstrated its applicability in predicting burst pressures of glass fiber reinforced plastic (GFRP) pressure bottles. In their study, five identical GFRP pressure bottles underwent pressurization cycles, and the AE data collected during these cycles was analyzed to develop a straightforward empirical relationship for predicting burst performance. This approach highlights a significant finding: impending failure can be detected with notable accuracy even when pressure levels are at 50%–60% of the maximum expected operating pressure (MEOP), with a reasonable margin of error. Notably, there exists a gap in the existing literature concerning clear methodologies for predicting burst pressures of composite pressure bottles. This methodology, however, can be extended beyond GFRP to predict the burst pressure of pressure bottles made from other material systems in real‐time.Highlights
The composite pressure bottle failure is predicted at very low pressure.
The prediction is at a range of 50%–75% of MEOP.
To predict the burst pressure of GFRP pressure bottle an empirical formula is generated.
The empirical formula is generated using Acoustic Emission parameters.
Major AE parameters are determined from a set of GFRP pressure bottles.
Characterization of the Metabolic Proteome of Serum From Patients With Diabetic Distal Symmetric Polyneuropathy
Authors: Zheng Hangping , Gao Yue , Zhu Xiaoming , Zhang Yuanpin , Li Yujia , Sun Wanwan , Ji Lijin , Liu Xiaoxia , Zhang Jie , Lu Bin , Li Yiming , Zhang Shuo 
Published: November 2024

ABSTRACTAimsThe pathophysiological of diabetic distal symmetric polyneuropathy (DSPN) remains to be elucidated and there are no diagnostic or prognostic biomarkers for the condition. In this explorative proteomic study, metabolic proteome profiling of serum in patients with/without DSPN was analyzed. We aimed to discover proteins with different abundance ranges through proximity extension assay (PEA) technology.MethodsTemperature quantitative sensory testing (QST) and electromyography (EMG) were used to access the small‐ and large‐fiber function of all participants, respectively. The metabolic proteome profile of serum was analyzed using PEA technology (Olink Target 96 METABOLISM panel).ResultsWe evaluated serum from patients without DSPN (n = 27), with small‐fiber neuropathy (SFN, n = 25) and with mixed small‐ and large‐fiber neuropathy (MSLFN, n = 24). Fifteen proteins, which were especially related to immune response, insulin resistance, and lipid metabolism, were significantly different between patients without DSPN and with MSLFN. Besides, seven proteins, especially related to extracellular structure organization, were significantly different between serum from patients with SFN and with MSLFN. What's more, serum from patients without DSPN showed that three proteins, related to immune response, altered significantly compared to serum from patients with SFN.ConclusionsThis was the first study that characterized the metabolic proteomic profile of serum in DSPN patients by analyzing a panel of 92 metabolic proteins using PEA technology.