bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The Fornax Deep Survey with the VST
Authors: Raj M. A. , Iodice E. , Napolitano N. R. , Spavone M. , Su H-S. , Peletier R. F. , Davis T. A. , Zabel N. , Hilker M. , Mieske S. , Falcon Barroso J. , Cantiello M. , van de Ven G. , Watkins A. E. , Salo H. , Schipani P. , Capaccioli M. , Venhola A. 
Published: June 2019

Context. We present the study of a magnitude limited sample (mB ≤ 16.6 mag) of 13 late type galaxies (LTGs), observed inside the virial radius, Rvir ∼ 0.7 Mpc, of the Fornax cluster within the Fornax Deep Survey (FDS).
Aims. The main objective is to use surface brightness profiles and g − i colour maps to obtain information on the internal structure of these galaxies and find signatures of the mechanisms that drive their evolution in high-density environments inside the virial radius of the cluster.
Methods. By modelling galaxy isophotes, we extract the azimuthally averaged surface brightness profiles in four optical bands. We also derive g − i colour profiles, and relevant structural parameters like total magnitude and effective radius. For ten of the galaxies in this sample, we observe a clear discontinuity in their typical exponential surface brightness profiles, derive their “break radius”, and classify their disc-breaks into Type II (down-bending) or Type III (up-bending).
Results. We find that Type II galaxies have bluer average (g − i) colour in their outer discs while Type III galaxies are redder. The break radius increases with stellar mass and molecular gas mass while it decreases with molecular gas-fractions. The inner and outer scale-lengths increase monotonically with absolute magnitude, as found in other works. For galaxies with CO(1-0) measurements, there is no detected cold gas beyond the break radius (within the uncertainties). In the context of morphological segregation of LTGs in clusters, we also find that, in Fornax, galaxies with morphological type 5 <  T ≤ 9 (∼60% of the sample) are located beyond the high-density, ETG-dominated regions, however there is no correlation between T and the disc-break type. We do not find any correlation between the average (g − i) colours and cluster-centric distance, but the colour-magnitude relation holds true.
Conclusions. The main results of this work suggest that the disc-breaks of LTGs inside the virial radius of the Fornax cluster seem to have arisen through a variety of mechanisms (e.g. ram-pressure stripping, tidal disruption), which is evident in their outer-disc colours and the absence of molecular gas beyond their break radius in some cases. This can result in a variety of stellar populations inside and outside the break radii.
Dielectrophoretic classification of fibres: principles and application to glass fibres suspended in air
Authors: Lizal Frantisek , Maly Milan , Elcner Jakub , Farkas Arpad , Pech Ondrej , Misik Ondrej , Jedelsky Jan , Jicha Miroslav 
Published: June 2019

Particles exposed to an electric field experience forces that influence their movement. This effect can be used for filtration of air, or for size classification of aerosols. The motion of charged particles in a non-uniform electric field is called electrophoresis. Two processes are involved in this phenomenon: 1) charging of particles and 2) electrical mobility separation. If fibres are exposed to electrophoresis, they are separated on the basis of two parameters: diameter and length. Regrettably, as naturally occurring fibres are polydisperse both in diameter and length, the electrophoresis is not very efficient in length classification. In contrast, dielectrophoresis is the motion of electrically neutral particles in a non-uniform electric field due to the induced charge separation within the particles. As deposition velocity of fibres induced by dielectrophoretic force strongly depends on length and only weakly on diameter, it can be used for efficient length classification.
Principles of length classification of conducting and non-conducting fibres are presented together with design of a fibre classifier. Lastly, images of motion of fibres recorded by high-speed camera are depicted.
Therapiesteuerung der COPD durch eosinophile Granulozyten?
Authors: Magnussen Helgo 
Published: June 2019

AbstractSymptomatic patients with COPD reporting about repeated exacerbations in their history (group D according to GOLD recommendations) are treated with dual bronchodilation (LAMA/LABA) with potential benefits from additional ICS. Eosinophils in peripheral blood are considered as potential biomarkers to predict exacerbations. > 300 cells/µL or 4 % of eosinophils in peripheral blood are recommended to treat the patients with additional ICS. In clinical practice, about 10 – 15 % of patients with COPD are classified as group D according to GOLD. < 20 % have increased eosinophils in peripheral blood. Thus, ICS therapy should be restricted to a minority of patients with COPD
Hämorrhagisch-ulzeröser Verlauf einer eosinophilen Gastritis bei einem 79 Jahre alten Mann
Authors: Wennmann Merlin , Trenn Guido 
Published: June 2019

ZusammenfassungDie eosinophile gastrointestinale Erkrankung (EGID) ist ein seltenes Krankheitsbild weitgehend unklarer Ätiologie. Wir beschreiben im Folgenden den Fall eines 79-jährigen Patienten mit der Erstdiagnose einer eosinophilen Gastritis mit hämorrhagisch-ulzerösem Verlauf und einer raschen Rekurrenz der Erkrankung nach Absetzen der medikamentösen Therapie.
Anamnese und klinischer Befund Der Patient gab an, seit mehreren Tagen Teerstuhl abzuführen. Zum Aufnahmezeitpunkt war der Patient beschwerdefrei. Die bestehende Medikation wurde in letzter Zeit nicht verändert.
Untersuchungen und Diagnose Gastroskopisch, endosonografisch und im CT fand sich ein malignitätsverdächtiger Tumor im Corpus ventriculi. Erst die histopathologische Untersuchung lieferte die korrekte Diagnose.
Therapie und Verlauf Der Patient wurde mit Prednisolon und PPI behandelt. Hierunter kam es zu einer Regredienz des Befundes und einer klinischen Vollremission. Ein Auslassversuch führte kurze Zeit später zu einem fulminanten Rezidiv. Nach Wiederaufnahme der medikamentösen Therapie war das erneut nachgewiesene gastrale Ulkus rasch rückläufig.
Folgerung Die EGID ist vom klinischen Erscheinungsbild her kaum zu identifizieren. Zur Diagnosestellung bedarf es einer histopathologischen Begutachtung. In der Behandlung spielen vor allem orale Glukokortikoide eine Rolle. Es sind sowohl Einzelepisoden als auch chronisch-rezidivierende Verläufe beobachtet worden. Die zur Therapie eingesetzten Medikamente sollten daher nur vorsichtig und unter regelmäßiger Befundkontrolle ausgeschlichen werden.
Pneumologische Frührehabilitation nach Langzeitbeatmung
Authors: Dellweg Dominic , Siemon Karsten , Höhn Ekkehard , Barchfeld Thomas , Köhler Dieter 
Published: June 2019

Zusammenfassung
Einleitung Unter Frührehabilitation versteht man eine frühzeitig bei- oder nach akuter Erkrankung einsetzende, rehabilitationsmedizinische Behandlung die im § 39SGB V verankert ist. Ziel dieser Untersuchung ist es, die Ergebnisqualität der pneumologischen Frührehabilitation zu untersuchen und darzustellen.
Methoden Prospektive Erhebung von funktionellen Parametern, Beatmungsstatus und Entlass-Disposition in einer spezialisierten Abteilung für pneumologische Frührehabilitation über den Zeitraum von einem Jahr.
Ergebnisse Von den 190 Patienten waren 179 (94,2 %) zuvor invasiv beatmet. Während einer Behandlungsdauer von 39 ± 17 Tagen stieg der FAM-Index von 84,4 ± 19,8 auf 118,5 ± 23,3 (Ci 30,9 – 37,3, Cohen’s d 1,58; p < 0,001), der Barthel-Index von 30,5 ± 13,8 auf 58,3 ± 16,2 (Ci 25,4 – 33,8, Cohen’s d 1,4; p < 0,001) und die Wegstrecke von 12,9 ± 40,1 m auf 131,4 ± 85,2 m (Ci 105,6 – 131,4 m, Cohen’s d 1,78; p < 0,001). Die Patienten wurden weniger häufig in eine weitere Anschlussheilbehandlung verlegt, wenn sie beatmet waren.
Diskussion Patienten in der pneumologischen Frührehabilitation sind bei Aufnahme schwer kompromittiert, es lässt sich aber eine sehr gute Ergebnisqualität erzielen, die unabhängig davon zu sein scheint, ob der Patient eigenständig atmet oder mittels nicht-invasiver oder invasiver Beatmung versorgt wird. Die weitere Disposition dieser Patienten ist vor allem dann schwierig, wenn eine Beatmung vorliegt.
Schock – eine Übersicht für die klinische Praxis
Authors: Hempel Dorothea , Michels Guido 
Published: June 2019

AbstractDiagnosing and managing patients in shock is a challenge for the treating clinicians in acute medicine. Early diagnosis and treatment are crucial. Mortality of septic shock is between 40 % and 60 %, and that of the cardiogenic shock about 40 %. This article provides an overview of diagnostic approaches to the patient in shock, different aetiologies and treatment strategies, and it guides the clinician through the management from first contact until definite treatment.
Owning a Dog as a Determinant of Physical
Activity and Metabolic Control in Patients With
Type 1 and Type 2 Diabetes
Mellitus
Authors: Riske Julia , Janert Martin , Kahle-Stephan Melanie , Nauck Michael A. 
Published: June 2019

Abstract
Background/aims Physical activity is
recommended for patients with type 1 (T1D) and
type 2 diabetes (T2D). We wanted to assess whether
owning a dog influences duration or intensity of
physical activity and metabolic control of
diabetes mellitus.
Patients and methods 143 patients with T1D
(age 50±16 y.; BMI 25.7±4.5 kg/m2,
HbA1c 8.6±1.6%) and 303 with T2D (age
63±11 y., BMI 33.7±7.3 kg/m2,
HbA1c 9.0±1.6%, 232 [76.6%]
insulin-treated, 89±61 IU/d), respectively,
participated. A standardized questionnaire
assessed diabetes history and treatment, details
regarding time spent (per week) and intensity
(MET, metabolic equivalent of task) of physical
activity (“walking the dog” and other activities),
anthropometric (BMI) and laboratory measures.
Results 31.5% of T1D 23.1% of T2D patients
were dog owners. Dog owners with T1D and T2D
diabetes spent 19.0±3.3 and 19.8±2.6
MET.h per week walking the dog, which
represented 61.3±5.7 and 62.9±4.9% of their total
physical activity. Participants not owning a dog
compensated by performing significantly more other
activities. Taken together, total physical
activity was similar in dog owners with T1D
(p=0.80), but higher in dog owners with T2D
(30.1±2.8 vs. 18.6±1.4 MET.h per week
in those not owning a dog; p=0.0001).
Body-mass-index or HbA1c were not
significantly different in either patients with
T1D or T2D either owning a dog or not.
Conclusions Owning a dog motivates to a
significant amount of physical activity, but this
was fully compensated for by other forms of
physical activity in (younger) patients with T1D.
Even the higher physical activity in dog owners
with T2D did not result in improved glycaemic or
body weight control.
Glukosemessverfahren und deren Einfluss auf die Diabetologie
Authors: Thomas Andreas , Siegmund Thorsten , Kolassa Ralf 
Published: June 2019

ZusammenfassungNach der Nutzung des Insulins für die Diabetesbehandlung gab es kaum einen weitreichenderen therapeutischen Fortschritt als die Einführung verschiedener Methoden der Glukosemessung zur unmittelbaren Selbstkontrolle der Patienten. Dadurch eröffnete sich die Möglichkeit, die Therapie zu steuern und mit den unterschiedlichen Anforderungen des Alltags abzustimmen. Schlussendlich eröffnete das den Patienten ein Diabetesmanagement, welches im täglichen Leben weniger Einschränkungen durch die Therapie bedeutet. Mit jedem weiteren Entwicklungsschritt der Glukoseselbstmessung erhöhte sich deren Einfluss. Weil mit dem kontinuierlichen Glukosemonitoring (CGM) eine vollständige Abbildung des Glukoseverlaufs gegeben ist, lassen sich diese Daten auch innerhalb von Algorithmen zur Therapiesteuerung nutzen. Einerseits betrifft das die automatisierte Steuerung der Insulinabgabe von Insulinpumpen, andererseits die Empfehlung von therapeutischen Maßnahmen nach Analyse der Glukosedaten auf Großcomputern mithilfe von Therapieentscheidungsalgorithmen. Waren und sind die verschiedenen Glukosemessverfahren bereits Werkzeuge für die Therapieunterstützung, so ist CGM eine Voraussetzung für die Therapiesteuerung. Auf dieser Ebene ist eine ständige Weiterentwicklung zu beobachten.
Schlüsseltechnologien für zukünftige Glukosemessverfahren
Authors: Thomas Andreas , Ramírez Araceli , Zehe Alfred 
Published: June 2019

ZusammenfassungDie Herstellung von Glukosesensoren für das kontinuierliche Glukosemonitoring (CGM) ist aufwendig, wodurch die Messung nicht preiswert ist. Der Einsatz moderner Technologien, insbesondere der Zugang zur Mikroelektroniktechnologie könnte zu deutlich kostengünstigeren integrierten Glukosemesschips führen. Darüber hinaus kann die Anwendung der Nanotechnologie, einer aufkommenden Schlüsseltechnologie, zukünftig hochsensible und selektiv messende Glukosesensoren hervorbringen, die sich mit beliebigen anderen Sensoren für die Messung von Körperzuständen kombinieren lassen. Das dürfte auch nicht-invasive Messungen unter alltäglichen Bedingungen realistisch erscheinen lassen.
Pyocyanin, a Metabolite of Pseudomonas Aeruginosa, Exhibits Antifungal Drug Activity Through Inhibition of a Pleiotropic Drug Resistance Subfamily FgABC3
Authors: Houshaymi Bilal , Awada Rana , Kedees Mamdouh , Soayfane Zeina 
Published: June 2019

AbstractThe fungus Fusarium graminearum is the causative agent of economically significant plant diseases such as Fusarium Healed Blight (FHB) of cereals, its mycotoxins as deoxynivalenol (DON), Nivalenol (NIV) and Zearalenone (ZEN) contaminate wheat and other grains. The objectives of the present study were to determine the mechanism by which the bacterium Pseudomonas aeruginosa inhibits the growth of F. graminearum. Our results indicate that P. aeruginosa metabolites as pyocyanin has effective antifungal properties. Pyocyanin was produced by P. aeruginosa when cultured on mineral salt medium and reached a maximum concentration after 72 h. Pyocyanin significantly decreased mycotoxins of F. graminearum, a 25 mg/ml of pyocyanin for 72 h decreased DON by 68.7% and NIV by 57.7%.Real-Time PCR analysis demonstrated that the antifungal effect is mediated by downregulation of the Pleiotropic Drug Resistance (PDR) subfamily FgABC3. 25 mg/ml of pyocyanin decreased FgABC3-mRNA by 60%, inhibited the fungal growth and decreased the area of mycelial growth at 12, 24, 36 and 72 h post incubation by 40–50%. Deletion of FgABC3 led to enhanced accumulation of DON and NIV by 40 and 60%, respectively.The data presented in this report may have significance in understanding mechanism by which certain bacterial metabolites exert a beneficial effect and for developing antifungal drugs.
Metabolic Vipaka
Authors: Abeyaratne Dayakshi D. K. , Priya Gagan , Kalra Sanjay , Aye Than Than , Aung Moe Wint , Sumanatilleke Manilka 
Published: June 2019

AbstractDiabetes management should focus on biopsychosocial aspects and comprehensive care. The philosophical tenets of Buddhism can be a source of inspiration for both the individual with diabetes and health care provider. Buddhism preaches the immutable relationship between action and outcomes. This has a corollary in diabetes care; optimized metabolic control in diabetes is associated with improved short- and long-term outcomes and a legacy effect. Buddhism emphasizes on maintaining a “middle path.” When applied to diabetes care, this would mean avoiding both extremes of hyperglycemia and hypoglycemia and optimization of metabolic health while minimizing treatment-emergent adverse events. Mindfulness meditation-based stress reduction strategies may further improve not only psychological health but also biophysical outcomes in diabetes and merit further research.
Microlitiasis testicular como factor de riesgo de Cáncer testicular - Estudio de casos y controles
Authors: López-Ramos Hugo , Medina-Rico Mauricio , Manjarrés Sofía , Usubillaga Maria Camila , Sierra Daniela 
Published: June 2019

Resumen
Introducción Con una prevalencia entre el 1,5% y el 5,6%, la microlitiasis testicular es un hallazgo incidental. Aunque se ha propuesto una posible asociación entre la microlitiasis testicular y el cáncer testicular dicha relación no ha sido comprobada.
Objetivos Establecer la relación entre microlitiasis testicular y cáncer testicular.
Métodos Se realizó un estudio de casos y controles con la base de datos de un hospital de la ciudad de Bogotá de pacientes atendidos entre 2007 y 2017. Tanto casos como controles debían tener entre 5 y 35 años de edad, sin otros antecedentes que aumentaran el riesgo de cáncer testicular (criptorquidia, antecedente de cáncer testicular contralateral). Los casos debían tener reporte ecográfico y patológico del cáncer testicular así como una historia clínica completa de valoración por Urología. Los controles fueron pacientes que consultaron por otros cuadros de molestia testicular a quienes se les descartó ecográficamente la presencia de cáncer.
Resultados Se identificaron 24 casos y 96 controles. Al momento de calcular los riesgos relativos indirectos, se obtuvieron un OR crudo de 7,86 (95% CI 2,3 - 26,86) y un OR ajustado por tabaquismo de 10,66 (95% IC 3,29 - 34,55). Al ajustar por edad, historia de cáncer familiar y antecedente de varicocele, no se encontraron diferencias.
Conclusión Existe una aparente asociación entre microlitiasis testicular y cáncer testicular. A pesar de eso, estudios con tamaños de muestra más grande serían beneficiosos. Así mismo, al no poder determinar la existencia de una asociación temporal que permita hablar de causalidad entre las dos condiciones, esos resultados deben tomarse con cautela.
Study of Platelet Indices in Patients with Metabolic Syndrome
Authors: Reddy Uma Maheswara , Khandekar Aditya , Acharya Sourya , Shukla Samarth , Acharya Neema 
Published: June 2019

Abstract
Introduction Metabolic syndrome (MetS) is a combination of abdominal obesity, atherogenic dyslipidemia, elevated blood pressure, and elevated plasma glucose. MetS patients have higher chances of developing insulin resistance, visceral adiposity, atherogenic dyslipidemia, and thus coronary artery disease and stroke. Alteration of platelet indices in diabetes mellitus, atherosclerosis, and other proinflammatory states has been described in multiple studies. Thus, this study was carried out to assess platelet indices in MetS.
Objectives This study was carried out to assess platelet indices in MetS.
Methods A cross-sectional study was carried out at Acharya Vinoba Bhave Rural Hospital, a tertiary care center over a period of 2 months from June 1, 2018 to July 31, 2018. Fifty patients diagnosed as having MetS, and 50 healthy controls were chosen. Estimation of anthropometric parameters including waist circumference; measurement of blood pressure; biochemical parameters including lipid profile; and platelet indices including plateletcrit, mean platelet volume (MPV), and platelet distribution width (PDW) were carried out.
Statistical Analysis Statistical analyses were carried out using inferential statistics, including chi-square test and Student's unpaired t-test, and software SPSS version 22.0 (IBM Corporation, Armonk, New York, United States) with GraphPad Prism version 6.0 (Informer Technologies, Inc. Los Angeles, California, United States) was used, with p < 0.05 being considered as significant.
Results A statistically significant, positive correlation was found between the waist circumference, systolic blood pressure, serum triglyceride levels, and plateletcrit, with the MetS status of patients (p < 0.05).
Conclusion This study revealed that MetS is a proinflammatory and prothrombotic state, characterized by alteration of platelet indices. Plateletcrit was shown to be a statistically significant biomarker along with other parameters such as waist circumference, systolic blood pressure, and serum triglyceride levels. Early detection and follow-up of patients using these markers can lead to an overall decline in morbidity and mortality owing to MetS.
Application of D-Dimer in Prognosis of Pulmonary Embolism
Authors: Gupta Urvashi , Dhadwad Jagannath S. , Gurjar Prasad A. , Patil Dineshsingh 
Published: June 2019

Abstract
Introduction Pulmonary embolism (PE) is a relatively common cardiovascular emergency. It can lead to a variety of outcomes, from potentially reversible right ventricular failure (by occluding the pulmonary arterial bed) to eventual death. The diagnosis of PE is often missed due to its nonspecific clinical presentation.
Materials and Methods This is a descriptive cross-sectional study conducted at tertiary care center in India from October 1, 2016 to September 30, 2018, which includes 36 cases of PE. Institutional ethics committee clearance was obtained before start of the study. Written and informed consent was obtained from all patients. Patients were informed regarding purpose, procedures, risks, and benefits of the study in their own vernacular language.
Results The age-wise distribution of patients in this study showed that most patients were up to 40 years amounting to 58.4% of cases. Sex-wise distribution also showed that most patients were male (66.7%). Fifty percent of the patients had no thrombosis on Color Doppler findings of the involved limb, and 31.25% had superficial venous thrombosis. Blood investigation revealed that 94.4% patients had troponin negative and 94.4% had D-dimer positive. This study also attempted to correlate the D-dimer findings and Well's score. It can be seen that as per Well's score, 13 patients were with high probability, 18 with moderate probability, and 5 with low probability.
Conclusion This study states that D-dimer assays are highly sensitive and have a low rate of false-negative results. The assays have been found safe and effective when the clinical probability of PE is low. When the D-dimer result is negative in patients with low clinical probability of having PE, the presence of acute PE can be safely ruled out without diagnostic imaging.
Is Endothelial Neoplastic Implantation the Reason for the Intravenous Leiomyomatosis in the Heart without Direct Growth from Vena Cava? A Report of Six Cases
Authors: Li Yunzhu , Miao Qi , Cheng Ninghai , Liu He , Ma Guotao 
Published: June 2019

AbstractIntravenous leiomyomatosis (IVL) with intracardiac involvement is a rare condition. Previous case reports have described direct tumor extension into the vena cava and cardiac chamber. Six patients with intracardiac lesion without direct growth from the IVC were admitted. Surgical resections were performed including total hysterectomy and bilateral salpingo-oophorectomy. Post-operative pathology revealed intravenous leiomyomatosis. The endothelial neoplastic implantation of IVL is a possible reason for the disseminated lesions of IVL within venous system. Awareness of this entity helps clinicians avoid misdiagnosis and take appropriate treatment.
The Health Educator Changing Times, Changing Needs: The Evolution from Instructor to Facilitator
Authors: Jalang'o Atieno G. 
Published: June 2019

AbstractThe health scene is undergoing numerous transitions worldwide. Among the forefront health issues are the escalating incidence of noncommunicable and chronic diseases. The nature of these conditions imposes a significant burden on health resources. However, the greater and often silent brunt is borne by the people afflicted by them. They are charged with making lifelong, daily decisions that significantly bear an impact on their care. The health educator workforce is dwindling, but the need for health literacy is on the rise. It is therefore critical that health educators need to be trained in a way that ensures their performance in imparting health-related knowledge and skills is maximized to ensure optimal outcomes in persons living with chronic disease. Patient empowerment is key, and embracing the patients as partners in the education process rather than recipients is advocated by numerous authors. It is also important to ensure we embrace evidence that have proven useful in other areas such as HIV/AIDS management. Last, it is useful to embrace the changing role of the health education, not merely as instructor charged to deliver health information but rather as a facilitator of behavior change.