bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Functional brain networks predicting sustained attention are not specific to perceptual modality
Authors: Corriveau Anna , Ke Jin , Terashima Hiroki , Kondo Hirohito M. , Rosenberg Monica D. 
Published: December 2024

ABSTRACT
Sustained attention is essential for daily life and can be directed to information from different perceptual modalities, including audition and vision. Recently, cognitive neuroscience has aimed to identify neural predictors of behavior that generalize across datasets. Prior work has shown strong generalization of models trained to predict individual differences in sustained attention performance from patterns of fMRI functional connectivity. However, it is an open question whether predictions of sustained attention are specific to the perceptual modality in which they are trained. In the current study, we test whether connectome-based models predict performance on attention tasks performed in different modalities. We show first that a predefined network trained to predict adults’ visual sustained attention performance generalizes to predict auditory sustained attention performance in three independent datasets (N1 = 29, N2 = 60, N3 = 17). Next, we train new network models to predict performance on visual and auditory attention tasks separately. We find that functional networks are largely modality general, with both model-unique and shared model features predicting sustained attention performance in independent datasets regardless of task modality. Results support the supposition that visual and auditory sustained attention rely on shared neural mechanisms and demonstrate robust generalizability of whole-brain functional network models of sustained attention.
Individualized mouse brain network models produce asymmetric patterns of functional connectivity after simulated traumatic injury
Authors: Rayfield Adam C. , Wu Taotao , Rifkin Jared A. , Meaney David F. 
Published: December 2024

ABSTRACT
The functional and cognitive effects of traumatic brain injury (TBI) are poorly understood, as even mild injuries (concussion) can lead to long-lasting, untreatable symptoms. Simplified brain dynamics models may help researchers better understand the relationship between brain injury patterns and functional outcomes. Properly developed, these computational models provide an approach to investigate the effects of both computational and in vivo injury on simulated dynamics and cognitive function, respectively, for model organisms. In this study, we apply the Kuramoto model and an existing mesoscale mouse brain structural network to develop a simplified computational model of mouse brain dynamics. We explore how to optimize our initial model to predict existing mouse brain functional connectivity collected from mice under various anesthetic protocols. Finally, to determine how strongly the changes in our optimized models’ dynamics can predict the extent of a brain injury, we investigate how our simulations respond to varying levels of structural network damage. Results predict a mixture of hypo- and hyperconnectivity after experimental TBI, similar to results in TBI survivors, and also suggest a compensatory remodeling of connections that may have an impact on functional outcomes after TBI.
Dynamic brain states underlying advanced concentrative absorption meditation: A 7-T fMRI-intensive case study
Authors: Treves Isaac N. , Yang Winson F. Z. , Sparby Terje , Sacchet Matthew D. 
Published: December 2024

ABSTRACT
Advanced meditation consists of states and stages of practice that unfold with mastery and time. Dynamic functional connectivity (DFC) analysis of fMRI could identify brain states underlying advanced meditation. We conducted an intensive DFC case study of a meditator who completed 27 runs of jhāna advanced absorptive concentration meditation (ACAM-J), concurrently with 7-T fMRI and phenomenological reporting. We identified three brain states that marked differences between ACAM-J and nonmeditative control conditions. These states were characterized as a DMN-anticorrelated brain state, a hyperconnected brain state, and a sparsely connected brain state. Our analyses indicate higher prevalence of the DMN-anticorrelated brain state during ACAM-J than control states, and the prevalence increased significantly with deeper ACAM-J states. The hyperconnected brain state was also more common during ACAM-J and was characterized by elevated thalamocortical connectivity and somatomotor network connectivity. The hyperconnected brain state significantly decreased over the course of ACAM-J, associating with self-reports of wider attention and diminished physical sensations. This brain state may be related to sensory awareness. Advanced meditators have developed well-honed abilities to move in and out of different altered states of consciousness, and this study provides initial evidence that functional neuroimaging can objectively track their dynamics.
Perioperative real-life experiences and care needs of patients undergoing lung cancer ablation: A qualitative study
Authors: Huang Lihua , Pan Xiaojun , Li Jing , Zhang Hui , Mao Yanjun 
Published: December 2024

Objective To gain an in-depth understanding of the perioperative real experiences and care needs of patients undergoing lung cancer ablation, to make a reliable basis for the construction of care programs for perioperative complications of lung cancer ablation, and to further improve the quality of perioperative clinical care interventions for such patients. Methods Sixteen lung cancer patients undergoing lung cancer ablation who were hospitalized in the Department of Oncology of our hospital from April 2023 to October 2023 as well as six healthcare professionals of Shanghai Pulmonary Hospital were recruited by purposive sampling. Semi-structured interviews were conducted with the enrolled individuals by using a phenomenological approach, and the Colaizzi's 7-step analysis method was used to analyze, summarize and refine the themes of the interview data. Results A total of seven study themes were identified emotional reactions of ablation patients, financial stress, needs for information on treatment outcomes and health education during recovery, reassurance of living and care needs during hospitalization, concerns about the treatment of complications, correct and detailed preoperative assessment, and doctor-nurse collaboration for good management of patient complications. Conclusion In the clinical nursing of patients with lung cancer, we should construct standardized perioperative ablation nursing process as soon as possible, create diversified health guidance materials, strengthen the continuity of nursing after discharge, improve patients’ understanding of the disease, pay attention to their emotional changes, and provide more maintenance support, so as to reduce complications and improve the quality of life of patients with lung cancer ablation.
Personal Narratives From a Mental Health Community Art-Based Project: Insights From Collaborative Creation
Authors: Cases-Cunillera Jaume , del Río Sáez Ruben , Simó-Algado Salvador 
Published: December 2024

Community arts interventions demonstrate positive effects on mental health recovery by fostering creativity, self-expression, and social interaction. This study explores the participation process in the Artistic Couples project, which provides collaborative spaces for artists with mental health conditions and local artists. We followed up six artistic couples participating in the project using a narrative-in-action process over 6 months in various community settings. Our aim was to understand the experiences of artists during their participation in Artistic Couples and to uncover the mental health benefits derived from their involvement. Coupled and individually semi-structured interviews and participant observation were employed. Data analysis was conducted using narrative analysis. The results of the collaborative process among participants are reflected in three primary areas: (1) Meeting, engagement, and connection; (2) Dialogue, teamwork, and creative process; and (3) Personal development and learning. The research findings suggest that participating in the Artistic Couples project facilitates self-expression, a sense of social connection, and improved artistic skills among participants, fostering mutual support and effective interpersonal communication. Moreover, participants reported experiences of learning and personal development. Consequently, the study advocates for creating new community spaces that encourage collaborative practices within mental health services. These spaces should promote free expression and facilitate discussions on personal matters, including mental health challenges.
Safety, efficacy, and tolerability of alemtuzumab in pediatric patients with active relapsing-remitting multiple sclerosis: The LemKids study
Authors: Chitnis Tanuja , Arnold Douglas L , Quartier Pierre , Chirieac Magdalena , Hu Wenruo , Jurgensen Stephanie , Havrdova Eva K 
Published: December 2024

Background: Limited licensed medications are available for multiple sclerosis (MS) in pediatric patients. Objective: To evaluate the efficacy, safety, and tolerability of alemtuzumab in pediatric patients with relapsing-remitting multiple sclerosis (RRMS) and disease activity on prior disease-modifying therapies (DMTs). Methods: LemKids was a multicenter, multinational, single-arm, open-label, switch (from ongoing DMT to alemtuzumab treatment) study in pediatric RRMS patients (aged 10–<18 years), with disease activity on DMT. The primary endpoint was a comparison of the number of new/enlarging T2 lesions on the magnetic resonance imaging of the brain between the prior-DMT period and alemtuzumab treatment. Results: This study was prematurely terminated due to low enrollment and an European Medicines Agency Article-20 pharmacovigilance review of alemtuzumab in adult RRMS. Of 46 screened patients, 16 were enrolled; 12 completed prior-DMT treatment period; 11 received alemtuzumab of whom 7 completed treatment. Patients on alemtuzumab developed fewer new/enlarging T2 lesions compared with prior-DMT (7 vs 178, relative risk (95% confidence interval): 0.04 (0.01-0.14)). No significant pharmacodynamic changes or safety concerns were noted in this limited dataset. Conclusion: Alemtuzumab treatment was associated with a low number of new/enlarging T2 lesions in pediatric patients with RRMS and was safe and well tolerated in seven patients during infusion and the initial 4 months.
P2RX7, an adaptive immune response gene, is associated with Parkinson's disease risk and age at onset
Authors: Shani Shachar , Gana-Weisz Mali , Bar-Shira Anat , Thaler Avner , Gurevich Tanya , Mirelman Anat , Giladi Nir , Alcalay Roy N. , Orr-Urtreger Avi , Goldstein Orly 
Published: December 2024

Background The adaptive immune response has a role in Parkinson's disease (PD). Patients with LRRK2 or GBA1 mutations often exhibit distinct clinical characteristics. Objective To evaluate the involvement of adaptive immune response genes in three PD groups: GBA1-PD, LRRK2-PD, and non-carrier (NC)-PD. Methods Differentially expressed genes (DEGs) associated with PD were identified using four datasets. Of them, adaptive immune response genes were evaluated using whole-genome-sequencing of 201 unrelated Ashkenazi-Jewish (AJ) PD patients. Potential pathogenic variants were identified, and P2RX7 variants were assessed in 1200 AJ-PD patients. Burden analysis of rare variants (allele frequencies (AF) < 0.01) on disease risk, and association analyses of common variants (AF ≥ 0.01) with disease risk and age-at-onset (AAO) were conducted. AFs were compared to AJ-non-neuro cases reported in gnomAD. Variants associated with PD were further examined in an independent AJ cohort from AMP-PD. Results Of the four adaptive immune DEGs identified, CD8B2, P2RX7, IL27RA, and ZC3H12A, three common variants in P2RX7 were statistically significant: Tyr155His was associated with NC-PD (allelic OR = 1.15, p = 0.015) ; Arg276His was associated with LRRK2-PD (allelic OR = 2.10, p = 0.037), while Glu496Ala was associated with earlier AAO in LRRK2-PD ( p = 0.014). Burden analysis showed no significant effect on PD-risk. In the AMP-PD cohort, odds ratios of the two risk variants were similar to the primary cohort, but did not reach significance, probably due to small control sample size (n = 263). Conclusions Common variants within P2RX7 are likely associated with PD-risk and earlier AAO. These findings further suggest P2RX7's involvement in PD and its potential interplay with LRRK2.
Anterior Cruciate Ligament Reconstruction in Patients Older Than 50 Years: A Descriptive Study With Minimum 10-Year Follow-up
Authors: Micicoi Grégoire , Fairag Rayan , Machado Axel , Douiri Adil , Bronsard Nicolas , Ernat Justin , Gonzalez Jean-François 
Published: December 2024

Background: Anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) reconstruction is increasingly being performed in patients >50 years old; however, the long-term outcomes are unclear. Purpose: To analyze the functional results, osteoarthritic progression, reoperation rate, and failure rate at minimum 10-year follow-up in patients >50 years old who have undergone primary ACL reconstruction. Study Design: Case series; Level of evidence, 4. Methods: Included in this study were patients >50 years old who underwent primary ACL reconstruction and had at least 10 years of follow-up data. All patients had instability with limitation of their activities, indicating the necessity of surgical intervention. Patients with revision surgeries, ACL repairs, and nonoperative treatment were excluded. Failure was defined as the presence of revision, high-grade Lachman, positive pivot shift (2+), or subjective instability. The Knee injury and Osteoarthritis Outcome Score (KOOS), subjective and objective functional scores, and osteoarthritic progression were analyzed at final follow-up. Results: A total of 38 patients were identified. The mean age at surgery was 56.8 ± 5.7 years (range, 50.6-70 years). The mean clinical follow-up was 16.2 ± 4.3 years (range, 10.9-23.3 years). The failure rate was 10.5% (4/38): 1 of the 4 patients had a recurrence of instability at 13 years postoperatively and underwent revision with a modified Lemaire extra-articular tenodesis, 1 patient had a positive pivot shift (2+) without subjective instability, and 2 patients underwent total knee arthroplasty. The overall KOOS was 74.2 ± 22.2, and 91.4% of patients were satisfied or very satisfied with the results of the procedure. Radiographic osteoarthritis was identified in 88.5% of patients at final follow-up; however, there was no statistical significance on clinical outcomes ( P > .05). Concomitant partial medial meniscectomy ( P < .01) and meniscal repair ( P < .01) were associated with the presence of Ahlbäck grade 3 or 4 osteoarthritic manifestations. Conclusion: In patients over the age of 50 years who underwent primary ACL reconstruction, there was a low long-term failure rate and a high level of patient satisfaction, despite osteoarthritic progression in 88.5% of cases. Concomitant meniscal procedures were associated with more severe osteoarthritic progression.
Von Hippel Lindau syndrome: A systematic review of pharmaceutical treatments
Authors: Galarza Fortuna Gliceida M , Ozay Zeynep Irem , Hage Chehade Chadi , Gebrael Georges , Li Haoran , Maughan Benjamin L 
Published: December 2024

Background Patients with von Hippel-Lindau syndrome (VHL) have an increased risk of developing multiple neoplasms. Recently, multiple pharmacologic interventions have been assessed for the treatment of these VHL-associated neoplasms. Objectives To identify current clinical trials evaluating pharmacological interventions in VHL-associated neoplasms, with an emphasis in renal cell carcinoma (RCC). Methods We conducted a systematic review of the literature utilising MEDLINE/PubMed and EMBASE databases. We searched for Clinical Trials in VHL and RCC to understand the current landscape of therapeutic interventions in this population. Results We identified five single-arms clinical trials assessing systemic interventions in patients with VHL and RCC. These therapeutic interventions consisted of three tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs) – semaxinib, sunitinib, and pazopanib - and one hypoxia-inducible factor (HIF) inhibitor -belzutifan. Belzutifan therapy was associated with an overall response rate (ORR) of 49% in patients with VHL and RCC. Only 3% of patients experienced disease progression while on belzutifan, which resulted in an impressive 97% clinical benefit rate. Pazopanib was also associated with an ORR of 64%; no patients experienced disease progression while on therapy. Lastly, two studies investigated the role of sunitinib in patients with VHL and RCC. In these studies, sunitinib was associated with an ORR ranging from 33% to 66%. Conclusions Anti-angiogenic interventions such as TKI and HIF inhibitors have been shown to be effective in decreasing the rate of progression of VHL-associated neoplasms. Although only a few trials have evaluated different pharmaceutical interventions in VHL-associated neoplasms, understanding the molecular basis of this pathology has opened the opportunity for novel therapeutic approaches to improve outcomes in this population.
Microbiome in RCC – A systematic review of the literature
Authors: Leonard Steven , Montanaro Francesca , Leopold Zev , Helstrom Emma , Abbosh Philip , Fulmes Antoniy , Correa Andres , Barata Pedro , Nizam Amanda , Weight Christopher , Bukavina Laura 
Published: December 2024

Background: Renal cell carcinoma (RCC) accounts for approximately 90% of kidney cancers, with a significant percentage of patients presenting with metastatic disease. Recent evidence suggests a notable role of the human microbiome in the onset, progression, and therapeutic outcomes of RCC. Objective: This systematic review aims to synthesise current knowledge on the association between the microbiome and RCC, focusing on pathogenesis, progression, and response to therapy. Methods: Complying with PRISMA guidelines, databases including PubMed, Embase, and Web of Science were searched for relevant studies up to December 7, 2023. The inclusion criterion was English-language articles that discussed RCC in relation to the microbiome of any body region. Screening was performed in a two-phase manner by three authors. Results: From 570 articles, 65 met the inclusion criteria. The gut microbiome (GM) emerged as a potential RCC pathogenesis driver, with certain bacteria associated with increased or decreased risk. Studies have also demonstrated that antibiotics and other medications can influence RCC therapeutic outcomes, reducing the effectiveness of immune-modulating therapies. Conclusions: While multiple bacterial species and antibiotics have been implicated in influencing RCC, further research is necessary to elucidate these relationships and investigate the efficacy of microbiome modulation on therapy effectiveness. Findings underscore the significant impact of the microbiome on RCC, suggesting the potential for microbiota-targeted therapeutics.
Brentuximab vedotin, nivolumab, doxorubicin, and dacarbazine for advanced-stage classical Hodgkin lymphoma
Authors: Lee Hun Ju , Ramchandren Rod , Friedman Judah , Melear Jason , Flinn Ian W. , Burke John M. , Linhares Yuliya , Gonzales Paul , Peterson Matthew , Raval Mihir , Chintapatla Rangaswamy , Feldman Tatyana A. , Yimer Habte , Islas-Ohlmayer Miguel , Patel Ameet , Metheny Leland , Dean Asad , Rana Vishal , Gandhi Mitul D. , Renshaw John , Ho Linda , Fanale Michelle A. , Guo Wenchuan , Yasenchak Christopher A. 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
Treatment options for stage I/II bulky and advanced-stage disease have recently extensively changed. For decades in North America, ABVD (doxorubicin hydrochloride [Adriamycin], bleomycin sulfate, vinblastine sulfate, and dacarbazine) has been a frontline standard-of-care option for patients with advanced classical Hodgkin lymphoma (cHL). Recent data on combining brentuximab vedotin, doxorubicin, vinblastine, and dacarbazine demonstrated improved overall survival compared with ABVD but increased adverse events (AEs). We hypothesized that replacing vinblastine with nivolumab (brentuximab vedotin and nivolumab [AN] + doxorubicin and dacarbazine [AD]; AN+AD) may improve efficacy and safety. This phase 2, open-label multipart, multicenter study enrolled patients with treatment-naive stage II bulky or III/IV cHL. Patients received ≤6 cycles of AN+AD; granulocyte-colony stimulating factor (G-CSF) prophylaxis was optional, per institutional guidelines. At the time of planned analysis (N = 57), complete response (CR) and objective response rates were 88% (95% confidence interval [CI], 76.3-94.9) and 93% (95% CI, 83.0-98.1), respectively. With a median follow-up of 24.2 months (95% CI, 23.4-26.9), the 2-year progression-free survival rate was 88% (95% CI, 75.7-94.6); 88% (95% CI, 75.7-94.6) had a response lasting &gt;2 years. Most common grade ≥3 treatment-related AEs were alanine aminotransferase increased (11%) and neutropenia (9%); 44% had treatment-related peripheral sensory neuropathy (grade 1/2, 40%; grade 3, 4%). No febrile neutropenia occurred; 49% received G-CSF prophylaxis. AN+AD led to a high CR rate and favorable safety profile. Further evaluation of programmed death receptor 1 inhibitor and CD30 antibody–drug conjugate combination regimens in frontline advanced-stage cHL is warranted. This trial was registered at www.clinicaltrials.gov as #NCT03646123 and www.clinicaltrialsregister.eu as #EudraCT 2020-004027-17.
Endemic-epidemic modelling of school closure to prevent spread of COVID-19 in Switzerland
Authors: Bekker-Nielsen Dunbar M. , Hofmann F. , Meyer S. , Held L. 
Published: December 2024

AbstractThe goal of this work was to quantify the effect of school closure during the first year of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic in Switzerland. This allowed us to determine the usefulness of school closures as a pandemic countermeasure for emerging coronaviruses in the absence of pharmaceutical interventions. The use of multivariate endemic-epidemic modelling enabled us to analyse disease spread between age groups which we believe is a necessary inclusion in any model seeking to achieve our goal. Sophisticated time-varying contact matrices encapsulating four different contact settings were included in our complex statistical modelling approach to reflect the amount of school closure in place on a given day. Using the model, we projected case counts under various transmission scenarios (driven by implemented social distancing policies). We compared these counterfactual scenarios against the true levels of social distancing policies implemented, where schools closed in the spring and reopened in the autumn. We found that if schools had been kept open, the vast majority of additional cases would be expected among primary school-aged children with a small fraction of cases filtering into other age groups following the contact matrix structure. Under this scenario where schools were kept open, the cases were highly concentrated among the youngest age group. In the scenario where schools had remained closed, most reduction would also be expected in the lowest age group with less effects seen in other groups.