bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Ethnographic and Artistic Museums of the Galician Gutsulshchyna in Ethno-Tourism Sphere: State and Prospects of the Development
Authors: Fedorak Volodymyr 
Published: November 2018

The activity of ethnographic and artistic museums of the Galician Hutsulshchyna, their contribution to the development of the ethno-tourism sphere of Ivano-Frankivsk oblast are described in the article. The development of museologyin the Precarpathian region in the context of ethno-tourism activity is regulated by the regional comprehensive program “Culture of Ivano-Frankivsk region”. Priority directions in museum work are: preservation of historical monuments of the region; the latest information technologies introduction into the activity of museums; enlargement of the material, technical and restoration bases; promotion of the international cooperation of museums; realization of repair and restoration work; provision of scientific acquisition of museum funds; activization of publishing activity: albums, catalogs, booklets, guides, scientific collections; usage of new information technologies in accounting and cataloging.
The Hutsul topicality is leading in the museology of the Precarpathian region. The network of museums on the territory of the Galician Hutsulshchyna is the most important for ethno-tourism in Ivano-Frankivsk region. In most cases, they are included in the tour operator's activity and constitute logical chains of tourist excursions and routes and are centers for providing services in the region. There are over thirty state and public museums that attract visitors in this region. Employees of these establishments carry out excursions providing ethnographic information about the region.
The focus is on the characteristics of work of the most famous museums in the Galician Hutsulshchyna. Particularly noticeable is the activity of the National Museum of Folk Art of Hutsulshchyna and Pokuttia named after Yo. Kobrynsky in Kolomyia, which is the only Ukrainian institution of this type, listed in the Royal Encyclopedia of Great Britain as a museum of world masterpieces.
The author states that the authentic color of life of local inhabitants is brightly represented in the museum institutions of this historical and ethnographic region. A number of museums of the Galician Hutsulshchyna provide high-quality cognitive tourism services, because they have preserved customs and traditions of crafts and handicrafts and everyday ritual activity.
Keywords: museum, ethno-tourism, Galician Hutsulshchyna, exposition, exhibition
Western Ethnic Borderlands in the Influence of Russian-Soviet Propagangda Before and in the Years of the Second World War
Authors: Lyubchyk Igor 
Published: November 2018

The research issue peculiarities of wide Russian propaganda among the most Western ethnographic group – Lemkies is revealed in the article. The character and orientation of Russian and Soviet agitation through the social, religious and social movements aimed at supporting Russian identity in the region are traced. Tragic pages during the First World War were Thalrogian prisons for Lemkas, which actually swept Lemkivshchyna through Muscovophilian influences. Agitation for Russian Orthodoxy has provoked frequent cases of sharp conflicts between Lemkas. In general, attempts by moskvophile agitators to impose russian identity on the Orthodox rite were failed. Taking advantage of the complex socio-economic situation of Lemkos, Russian campaigners began to promote moving to the USSR. Another stage of Russian propaganda among Lemkos began with the onset of the Second World War. Throughout the territory of the Galician Lemkivshchyna, Soviet propaganda for resettlement to the USSR began rather quickly. During the dramatic events of the Second World War and the post-war period, despite the outbreaks of the liberation movement, among the Lemkoswere manifestations of political sympathies oriented toward the USSR.
Keywords: borderlands, Lemkivshchyna, Lemky, Lemkivsky schism, Moskvophile, Orthodoxy, agitation, ethnopolitics
Corrigendum: PRImary care Streptococcal Management (PRISM) study: in vitro study, diagnostic cohorts and a pragmatic adaptive randomised controlled trial with nested qualitative study and cost-effectiveness study
Authors: Little Paul , Hobbs FD Richard , Moore Michael , Mant David , Williamson Ian , McNulty Cliodna , Lasseter Gemma , Cheng MY Edith , Leydon Geraldine , McDermott Lisa , Turner David , Pinedo-Villanueva Rafael , Raftery James , Glasziou Paul , Mullee Mark ,   on behalf of the PRISM investigators
Published: November 2018

Abstract
The text in Chapter 4, Results, Main findings, Complications has been replaced with the following text [these data do not alter the economic modelling (which was based on the correct data), nor the inferences from the trial that the FeverPAIN score is the optimal management approach]:

There were very few complications in any trial groups: during the first trial phase there were two cases of otitis media and one case of cellulitis in the clinical score group and one case of cellulitis in the delayed antibiotic group; during the second trial phase (when using the FeverPAIN score) there were two cases of quinsy in the delayed antibiotic group and one case of otitis media in the RADT group.
Contribution à l'étude des oxydes d'uranium hydratés
Authors: Protas Jean 
Published: November 2018

Des oxydes d'uranium hydratés peuvent être précipités par réaction en solution aqueuse de sels d'uranyle et de sels de calcium, strontium, baryum, plomb et bismuth à des températures variables généralement comprises entre 100 et 180° C.
L'auteur obtient de cette manière la schoepite U₄O₉(OH)₆.5 H₂O, la becquerelite CaU₆O₁₆(OH)₆ . 8 H₂O, la billiétite BaUvO₁₆(OH)₆ . 8 H₂O, la curite 3 PbO . 8 UO₂ . 5 H₂O, la fourmariérite PbO . 4 UO₃ . 5 H₂O, la vandendriesschéite PbO . 7 UO₃ . 12 H₂O et l'uranosphérite UO₄Bi(OH), ainsi que divers autres composés qui n'ont pas été rencontrés à l'état naturel.
Les caractères physiques (densité, propriétés optiques, propriétés cristallographiques) et chimiques ainsi que les principaux gisements sont donnés ou complétés pour chaque espèce.
L'étude d'échantillons typiques provenant de différents gisements permet la description de deux espèces minérales nouvelles : un oxyde complexe d'uranium, de calcium et de strontium hydraté provenant du gisement français de Margnac II et un oxyde double d'uranium et de plomb hydraté, la welsendorfite (Pb, Ca) U₂O₇ . 2 H₂O provenant du gîte de Wölsendorf (Bavière) et confondue jusque-là avec la fourmariérite.
L'auteur donne enfin, en relation avec les expériences de synthèse, quelques précisions sur la genèse et la filiation des divers minéraux étudiés.
Fonctionnalités et compétences dans la mise en oeuvre de systèmes graphiques techniques
Authors: Rabardel Pierre , Weill-Fassina Annie 
Published: November 2018

Functionalism and skills in the use of technical graphic systems
This text deals with scientific and technical images and graphics integrated with complex tasks which are functional in terms of the work to be done and, consequently, mainly concern information that is useful for action.
The article first of all studies the functionalism of graphic documents from the viewpoint of their adequation to the tasks and to the characteristics and skills of users. This analysis leads to graphic systems being considered as constitutive semiotic instruments both for the production of documents by draughtsmen and designers and for their use by operators.
The article then analyses the main characteristics of cognitive activities relative to technical graphics : the gradual assimilation of properties of the graphic systems which are being learned ; the differentiation of information retained by operators in terms of the conditions of organization of the action ; the diversity of the graphic palette in design activities. The conclusion highlights the main implications in the field of ergonomics and training.
Coopération réactive et émergence
Authors: Ferber Jacques 
Published: November 2018

Jacques FERBER : Reactive cooperation and emergence
Cooperation in multi-agent systems can be seen as a system in which cooperative methods lead to an increase of the group performance and thus augment the probability for an individual to survive. These methods give rise to conflicts due to limited resource access and lack of coordination. Specific methods such as task allocation, communication, action coordination and conflict resolution can be used to solve these problems and contribute to an expansion of the capabilities of the group. Organizations, i.e. set of structured societies of individuals, emerge from them. This paper describes many aspects of cooperation in multi-agent systems, and their connection to the process of emerging social structures.
Vers un sujet narratif de la connaissance dans les modélisations de l 'apprentissage
Authors: Linard Monique 
Published: November 2018

Monique LINARD : Towards a narrative knowing subject in models of learning
The purpose of this paper is to make a plea for a more existential, less objectivist approach to models of learning.
The first theoretical part attempts to show how some trends in developmental psychology converge with neurobiology and language philosophy and recognize that, for a natural living intelligence, pure information simply does not exist. Human knowledge, in particular, is seen as the knowledge of someone for something in a context. The incarnation of the process of knowing in a bio¬ physical Mid psychic body itself imbedded in a socio-relational symbolic type of environment is neither a negligible nor a separable fact. It is a building component of cognitive activity (phenomenological stand). Consequently, cognitive objects and tasks don't stand out by themselves ; they exist inasmuch as they are produced by subjects self-directed by an interrelated set of intentions, mobiles and meanings. It is stated that in neglecting the "subject" of knowledge, the existing I.A. modélisations deprive themselves of a double means of selective control, common to natural cognitive systems : upstream, the selective orientation by intention and motivation and, downstream, the selective adaptative structuration by feedbacks of actions and decisions identified as interesting by the system.
The second part of the paper describes a tentative step towards the formal modelling of a knowing subject from both an actional and narrative perspective. A.J. Greimas' actantial model and semio-narrative theory are summarily expounded. Within this frame, the act of learning is interpreted as the quest of objects of a particular nature (objects of knowledge) by actor-subjects playing their roles in a context of social interactions of a polemico-contractual type. The model provides an operational description which integrates within a narrative framework some of the roles, attitudinal modalities and situational parameters at work in the ordinary course of human activity.
Lastly, the main features of INTERACTOR, a simulation derived from the above model, are explained (draft version in Prolog and Visual Basic). The simulation has been conceived as a training tool to explore the dynamic complexity of the underlying attitudinal socio-affective and situational interactions that pre-condition the cognitive activity of individuals in a learning context.
Les états mentaux sur la place publique
Authors: Dubucs Jacques-Paul 
Published: November 2018

Mental states in sight of everybody
The meaning of the psychological predicates has to be communicable, thus it cannot be defined by reference to private mental experiences. But these predicates should be only ascribed to creatures who are able to ascribe them to themselves on the ground of their own qualitative experience. The paper deals with the ways of resolving this contradiction.
Responding to cognitive overload : Co-adaptation between users and technology
Authors: Mackay Wendy 
Published: November 2018

Réagir à la surcharge cognitive : co-adaptation entre utilisateurs et technologie.
Cette étude analyse comment les premiers utilisateurs du système de fenêtrage X-Window System, l'équipe administrative du projet Athena au MIT, ont abordé cette nouvelle technologie. En examinant leur utilisation des fichiers de personnalisation du système sur une période de six mois, nous avons pu suivre comment ils ont réagi à des changements à la fois organisationnels et technologiques. Nous avons mis clairement en évidence un phénomène de co-adaptation : les individus se sont adaptés à la nouvelle technologie, influencés par sa mise en œuvre et son usage dans l'environnement local, et ils l'ont adaptée à leurs propres besoins, la réinterprétant sous des formes non anticipées par leurs concepteurs. Cette étude fournit une preuve que la co-adaptation des utilisateurs à la technologie est un mécanisme utile pour gérer la surcharge cognitive. Elle suggère également que la prise en compte de la co-adaptation lors de la conception d'une nouvelle technologie peut aider les utilisateurs à gérer la complexité croissante de leur environnement de travail et l'augmentation correspondante de la surcharge cognitive.
L'ego Légo® : déconstruire et reconstruire le cerveau-esprit ?
Authors: Rossetti Yves , Pisella Laure 
Published: November 2018

Les neurosciences cognitives ont apporté un important ensemble de données démontrant l'existence de deux ou plusieurs systèmes distincts, implicites et explicites, participant d'une même fonction : identifier un objet ou un visage, localiser une cible dans l'espace, produire une action, mémoriser un événement, ou même attribuer une pensée à autrui ou réagir affectivement à un événement. En particulier, l'étude de la perception met en évidence un hiatus entre la représentation consciente et ce qu'elle représente, dans le sens où cette représentation est une interprétation du monde. Mais on peut remarquer que ce hiatus n'est pas compatible avec la survie individuelle, qui implique des réponses précisément adaptées aux propriétés non seulement sémantiques mais aussi physiques de l'environnement. Lorsqu'il s'agit de produire une action immédiate : la main doit atteindre son but, et les doigts se conformer à l'objet, bien réel, à saisir. Les (re)présentations visuelles internes mises en jeu lors d'une action simple se doivent donc d'être strictement conformes à l'espace physique, ce qui permet d'évoquer l'existence d'une " immaculée perception ", bien distincte de la représentation consciente. Des caractéristiques particulières, d'ordre neuro-anatomique et physiologique, d'ordre spatial ou même temporel, peuvent ainsi être attribuées respectivement à chacun de ces deux modes de traitement de l'information sensorielle. En affinant ces distinctions, on peut ainsi diviser chaque système fonctionnel en de nombreux sous-systèmes identifiés.
La question se pose alors de savoir comment ces représentations peuvent interagir ou être intégrées. Des résultats récents montrent que des interactions entre deux sous-systèmes perceptifs (cognitif et sensori-moteur) sont possibles, même si elles sont étroitement dépendantes de contraintes temporelles. Il semble à l'heure actuelle que la tâche des neurosciences intégrées rejoigne celle réalisée à chaque instant par le cerveau : de la même façon que la matière biologique doit nécessairement opérer une synthèse (d'ordre spatial ou temporel) des opérations réalisées de façon distribuées dans le temps et l'espace cérébral pour faire apparaître la conscience, les chercheurs doivent s'efforcer de faire la synthèse des connaissances morcelées (et divisantes) acquises sur le cerveau pour arriver à présenter des hypothèses cohérentes sur la genèse des phénomènes de conscience. Il s'agit donc de concevoir le fonctionnement cérébral dans la complexité des interactions qui existent entre différentes aires et les différents sous-systèmes identifiés, et de préciser les limites et les contraintes de ces interactions, notamment dans le domaine temporel. Le défi actuel des neuroscientifiques n'est donc plus de diviser encore plus avant la matière cérébrale pour régner sur l'esprit, mais de tenter une reconstitution de cette entité que constitue le cerveau, ou même faut-il l'espérer, l'esprit-cerveau.
La constitution de la perception spatiale. Approche phénoménologique et expérimentale
Authors: Lenay Charles , Sebbah François-David 
Published: November 2018

The constitution of spatial perception. Phenomenological and experimental approaches.
The aim of this article is to set up a reciprocal relationship between a scientific study of perception, and phenomenology as a philosophical method. The domain chosen for this exercise is the constitution of spatiality, and in particular spatial depth. After recalling the question of depth as it is presented in The phenomology of perception by Merleau-Ponty, we present an original experimental study based on a sensory substitution device. This study, which is based on an approach to perception as the extraction of sensory-motor loops, is carried out following two successive points of view : an objective, «third person » perspective, and a «first person » perspective involving a phenomenological analysis of the experience of the subject. The concluding discussion, based on the original phenomenological status of tools, proposes the existence of an «asymmetrical reciprocal envelopment » between that which is constitutive and that which is constituted. This makes it possible to determine the objective «correlates » of the elements of the phenomenological description of the constitution of the experience of depth.
La conscience en tant que métaphore spatiale : la théorie de Jaynes
Authors: Stewart John Robert 
Published: November 2018

Consciousness as a spatial methaphor. The theory of Jaynes.
This article presents the theory of consciousness proposed by Jaynes. According to this theory, reflexive consciousness is constituted by a metaphorical process : more precisely, it is an analogue metaphrand of the real world, where the metaphiers of visual perception and spatial relations are particularly important. One of the consequences of this theory is that it explains why consciousness is so difficult to understand using the usual processes of métaphorisation ; the article analyses in detail a number of these «failed metaphors », at the origin of seductive but erroneous conceptions of consciousness. Finally, the article discusses certain other question raised by this theory, in particular the relationship between cognitive science and philosophy.
Apprentissage et contexte
Authors: Bril Blandine 
Published: November 2018

Learning and context.
Generally speaking we may consider that action refers to a goal and to the means necessary to reach the goal. It is then necessary to distinguish the intentional aspect of action -the goal -and the functional aspect of it -the means used to reach the goal. Consequently a skill may be defined as the capacity of a person to reach a goal in any circumstance using what the environment offers.
Any action must then negotiate environmental properties. This capacity to perceive the environment as something to act upon necessitates the construction of what Gibson (1979) called affordance. An affordance may be defined as the knowledge of what environment offers for action. Affordances are built up from relational invariant between an organism and the elements of the environment. These elements may be natural or cultural.
All individuals must learn not only to perceive what the environment offers for action, but to enter into the action as well. However, explicitly (schooling institution) or implicitly (material and human environment) what the learner experiences is organised in such a way to allow this learning process. The concept of field of promoted actions will be discussed as a framework to handle this question.
Published works on cultural comparative studies on arithmetic learning in children will be given as an illustration.
4.3 Relations psychisme-cerveau, dualisme-interactionniste et gradient de matérialité
Authors: Gepner Bruno 
Published: November 2018

Mind -brain relationship, interactionist dualism and materiality gradient.
We propose in this article pursuing a new line of theoretical research opened half a century ago by Karl Popper and John Eccles. Extremely narrow, taken by rare scientists and philosophers in neurosciences, such line provides an alternative to the dominant materialistic interpretation of mind -brain relationship according to which consciousness is a mere by-product of brain. By postulating quantic mechanical effects at the core of brain functioning, it puts Cartesian dualism on the agenda of modern neurosciences. On this interactionist dualism we throw the light of psychiatric practice plus our psychological and psychopathologic reflections. In furtherance of mind -brain relationship explanation, we hypothesise besides the three dimensions of space and the one of time, which set the stage of matter and brain functioning, one more, purely psychic "fifth dimension". In this dimension mind and brain distribute themselves on different levels of matter in such a way that in a human life time they confound themselves in case of normal neuro-psychic functioning, but dissociate and keep a relatively autonomous functioning in case of neuro-psychic illness. By adopting this new approach we hope finding novel occasions of thought, cure and communication.
Géométrie et Vision dans Ding und Raum de Husserl
Authors: Petitot Jean 
Published: November 2018

Geometry and vision in Husserl’s Ding und Raum.
The challenge of a naturalized phenomenology is tackled here through precise examples concerning Husserlian descriptions of the dependance relationships between spatial extension and sensitive qualities, of adumbrated perception, of perceptive anticipations and of the links between geometry, vision and kinesthesic command, descriptions which can be found in Husserl's Ding und Raum. The paper presents actual geometrical models which include sophisticated concepts of differential geometry, such as fibration, calculus of variations, stratification, control and singularity. Such models help to understand the nature of perceptual intentionality, and to change the approach of the opposition between symbolic and constructive cognitivism.
La causalité dans la langue : une question de point(s) de vue
Authors: Jackiewicz Agata 
Published: November 2018

Causality in language : a question of point(s) of view.
How do the linguistic means of expression reveal the representations of the causal relations a human speaker does or builds and chooses to transmit ? In order to support the assumption that the causality encoded in the language can be seen as a complex relation that integrates on one hand, an efficient relation between situations and on another one, a subjective relation between this efficient relation and the speaker who assumes it, we analyse the enunciative marks of this subjective relation and we extract from those the most salient modalities. We show that these various modalities of enunciative endorsement are conceptually and for¬mally related in various degrees to the concept of causality and we specify the incidence of each of them on the causal predicate to which it applies.