bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Osteonecrosis of the jaw in an anti‐resorptive naïve patient taking trastuzumab and pertuzumab: case report
Authors: Manzie T , Vujcich N , Chan A 
Published: October 2019

AbstractBreast cancer is the most common cancer affecting women in Australia, and second overall for all Australians. Molecular targets have been developed in the management of breast cancer to allow directed therapy. Complications such as nausea and vomiting can be common as well as less common such as osteonecrosis of the jaw (ONJ). While previously thought to be attributable only to bisphosphonate medications, there has been an increase in recognition of other medications that may also cause this complication. This case report demonstrates a first instance of osteonecrosis of the jaw attributable to pertuzumab and trastuzumab, indicated in the management of HER2‐positive metastatic breast cancer, in a patient naïve to ONJ‐associated anti‐resorptive medications. Following sequestrectomy, the patient had an uncomplicated postoperative healing 5 months following intervention. With increasing medications being used for a number of malignant conditions such as this, an awareness of less common complications such as ONJ among dental and medical specialties is highlighted in this case report.
Ophthalmic features of retinitis pigmentosa in Cohen syndrome caused by pathogenic variants in the VPS13B gene
Authors: Nasser Fadi , Kurtenbach Anne , Biskup Saskia , Weidensee Sabine , Kohl Susanne , Zrenner Eberhart 
Published: October 2019

AbstractPurposeThe aim of this study is to report on the phenotype and genotype of five patients diagnosed with Cohen syndrome, an extremely rare autosomal recessive disorder manifesting with mental and physiological defects.MethodsFive patients from three German families and one Syrian family underwent a comprehensive ophthalmological examination. The scheduled visual acuity measurements, fundus ophthalmoscopy, spectral domain optical coherence tomography (OCT), full‐field electrophysiological recordings of scotopic and photopic electroretinograms (ERGs) and colour vision testing could not be carried out in all subjects, because of the mental and physical retardation. The genetic diagnosis was achieved by next‐generation sequencing.ResultsThe ophthalmic and systemic phenotype of the patients is typical for Cohen syndrome including myopia, night blindness, photophobia, fundus pigmentary changes and bull's eye maculopathy. Electroretinograms (ERGs) were extinguished in the four patients, whose recording was possible. Genetic testing revealed homozygous or two heterozygous bi‐allelic mutations in the VPS13B (COH1) gene in all five patients, with five different allelic variants observed. The homozygous mutation c.6055_6056delGA; p.Asp2019Glnfs*15 in two sibling patients as well as the homozygous nonsense mutation c.8112C>G;p.Tyr2704* have not previously been reported.ConclusionsThe phenotype of the five patients reported here is typical for Cohen syndrome; however, their genotype is heterogeneous. Two new allelic variants were found to be the causative mutation.
Novel human Ab against vascular endothelial growth factor receptor 2 shows therapeutic potential for leukemia and prostate cancer
Authors: Lu Ruei‐Min , Chiu Chiung‐Yi , Liu I‐Ju , Chang Yu‐Ling , Liu Yaw‐Jen , Wu Han‐Chung 
Published: October 2019

AbstractVascular endothelial growth factor receptor 2 (VEGFR2) is highly expressed in tumor‐associated endothelial cells, where it modulates tumor‐promoting angiogenesis, and it is also found on the surface of tumor cells. Currently, there are no Ab therapeutics targeting VEGFR2 approved for the treatment of prostate cancer or leukemia. Therefore, development of novel efficacious anti‐VEGFR2 Abs will benefit cancer patients. We used the Institute of Cellular and Organismic Biology human Ab library and affinity maturation to develop a fully human Ab, anti‐VEGFR2‐AF, which shows excellent VEGFR2 binding activity. Anti‐VEGFR2‐AF bound Ig‐like domain 3 of VEGFR2 extracellular region to disrupt the interaction between VEGF‐A and VEGFR2, neutralizing downstream signaling of the receptor. Moreover, anti‐VEGFR2‐AF inhibited capillary structure formation and exerted Ab‐dependent cell‐mediated cytotoxicity and complement‐dependent cytotoxicity in vitro. We found that VEGFR2 is expressed in PC‐3 human prostate cancer cell line and associated with malignancy and metastasis of human prostate cancer. In a PC‐3 xenograft mouse model, treatment with anti‐VEGFR2‐AF repressed tumor growth and angiogenesis as effectively and safely as US FDA‐approved anti‐VEGFR2 therapeutic, ramucirumab. We also report for the first time that addition of anti‐VEGFR2 Ab can enhance the efficacy of docetaxel in the treatment of a prostate cancer mouse model. In HL‐60 human leukemia‐xenografted mice, anti‐VEGFR2‐AF showed better efficacy than ramucirumab with prolonged survival and reduced metastasis of leukemia cells to ovaries and lymph nodes. Our findings suggest that anti‐VEGFR2‐AF has strong potential as a cancer therapy that could directly target VEGFR2‐expressing tumor cells in addition to its anti‐angiogenic action.
Autonomy in participation in cerebral palsy from childhood to adulthood
Authors: Schmidt Ann Katrin , van Gorp Marloes , van Wely Leontien , Ketelaar Marjolijn , Hilberink Sander R , Roebroeck Marij E ,   Perrin‐Decade Pip Study Groups
Published: October 2019

AimTo determine the long‐term development of autonomy in participation of individuals with cerebral palsy (CP) without intellectual disability.MethodIndividuals with CP (n=189, 117 males, 72 females; mean age [SD] 21y 11mo [4y 11mo], range 12–34y); were assessed cross‐sectionally (46%) or up to four times (54%), between the ages of 12 and 34 years. Autonomy in participation was classified using phase 3 of the Rotterdam Transition Profile. A logistic generalized estimating equation regression model was used to analyse autonomy in six domains (independent variables: age, Gross Motor Function Classification System [GMFCS] level, and interaction between age and GMFCS level). Proportions of autonomy were compared to references using binomial tests (p<0.05).ResultsIn most domains, over 90% of participants (n=189, 400 observations, 80% in GMFCS levels I and II) reached autonomy in participation in their late twenties, except for intimate/sexual relationships. Those in GMFCS levels III to V compared to those in GMFCS levels I and II had less favourable development of autonomy in the transportation, intimate relationships, employment, and housing domains, and more favourable development in the finances domain. Compared to references, fewer individuals with CP were autonomous in participation.InterpretationThis knowledge of autonomy may guide the expectations of young people with CP and their caregivers. Furthermore, rehabilitation professionals should address autonomy development in intimate relationships, employment, and housing, especially in individuals with lower gross motor function.What this paper adds

Individuals with cerebral palsy without intellectual disability achieved autonomy in most participation domains.

Regarding intimate relationships, they continued to have less experience compared to age‐matched references.

Development of autonomy was less favourable for individuals in Gross Motor Function Classification System levels III to V.
Skeletal metastasis from a squamous cell carcinoma of the nictitating membrane in a Haflinger horse
Authors: de Preux M. , Gurtner C. , Klebic I. , Waschk M. A. , Drögemüller C. , Brünisholz H. P. 
Published: October 2019

SummaryA 12‐year‐old Haflinger gelding with a history of a persistent cough was referred for evaluation of a severe lameness of the left forelimb. An excision of the right nictitans had been performed 2 years prior to presentation, and a squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) with embolic neoplastic cells in several blood vessels had been confirmed by histopathology. The origin of the lameness could not be localised with regional analgesia; therefore, a nuclear scintigraphic examination was performed. This revealed an area of marked increased radiopharmaceutical uptake at the level of the caudodorsal border of the left scapula. Further examination, including ultrasound‐guided biopsy of the suspect region, confirmed the presence ofSCCinvading the scapula. Due to poor a prognosis, the horse was subjected to euthanasia. Prior to euthanasia, the gelding was tested homozygous for the missense variant in the damage‐specificDNA‐binding protein 2 (DDB2) gene, which is reported as a risk factor for the development of nictitansSCCin Haflinger horses. Post‐mortem evaluation revealed multipleSCCmetastasis, affecting the scapula, the liver and the lungs. To the authors' knowledge, this is the first reported case of bone metastasis following a primary periocularSCCin a horse.
Examining progress towards achieving the Ten Steps of the Rome Declaration on Responsible Inland Fisheries
Authors: Lynch Abigail J. , Bartley Devin M. , Beard Thomas Douglas , Cowx Ian G. , Funge‐Smith Simon , Taylor William W. , Cooke Steven J. 
Published: October 2019

AbstractInland capture fisheries provide food for nearly a billion people and are important in the livelihoods of millions of households worldwide. Although there are limitations to evaluating many of the contributions made by inland capture fisheries, there is growing recognition by the international community that these services make critical contributions, most notably to food security and livelihoods in rural populations in those low‐income countries with extensive freshwater resources. With the increasing appreciation of the key role of inland fisheries to the health and well‐being of human populations globally, the Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations and Michigan State University convened the 2015 global conference,Freshwater, fish, and the future – cross‐sectoral approaches to sustain livelihoods, food security, and aquatic ecosystems. What emerged from the interactions between inland fisheries’ scientists, resource managers, policymakers and community representatives from across the world was a forward‐looking call to action culminating with the 2015 Rome Declaration “Ten Steps to Responsible Inland Fisheries” (FAO & MSU,Rome declaration on responsible inland fisheries: 5735E/1/06.16). Four years after this landmark conference and declaration, we seek to advance discussion on the “Ten Steps,” namely what successful implementation looks like, assess current examples of implementation, suggest potential signals of progress and provide some specific, indicative examples of progress for each step. While there are promising signs of progress, we conclude that there remains a strong need to galvanize momentum for sustained action to ensure that inland fish and fisheries are accounted for and incorporated into broader water resource management discussions and frameworks.
Plant respiration: Controlled by photosynthesis or biomass?
Authors: Collalti Alessio , Tjoelker Mark G. , Hoch Günter , Mäkelä Annikki , Guidolotti Gabriele , Heskel Mary , Petit Giai , Ryan Michael G. , Battipaglia Giovanna , Matteucci Giorgio , Prentice Iain Colin 
Published: October 2019

AbstractTwo simplifying hypotheses have been proposed for whole‐plant respiration. One links respiration to photosynthesis; the other to biomass. Using a first‐principles carbon balance model with a prescribed live woody biomass turnover, applied at a forest research site where multidecadal measurements are available for comparison, we show that if turnover is fast the accumulation of respiring biomass is low and respiration depends primarily on photosynthesis; while if turnover is slow the accumulation of respiring biomass is high and respiration depends primarily on biomass. But the first scenario is inconsistent with evidence for substantial carry‐over of fixed carbon between years, while the second implies far too great an increase in respiration during stand development—leading to depleted carbohydrate reserves and an unrealistically high mortality risk. These two mutually incompatible hypotheses are thus both incorrect. Respiration is not linearly related either to photosynthesis or to biomass, but it is more strongly controlled by recent photosynthates (and reserve availability) than by total biomass.
An exploration of women's experience of taking part in a randomized controlled trial of a diagnostic test during pregnancy: A qualitative study
Authors: Hayes‐Ryan Deirdre , Meaney Sarah , Nolan Caroline , O’Donoghue Keelin 
Published: October 2019

AbstractObjectiveTo explore pregnant women's views of participation in a clinical research trial while pregnant.DesignProspective nested qualitative cohort study embedded within a national, multi‐site randomized controlled trial of a diagnostic test for preeclampsia: Placental Growth Factor. One‐to‐one in‐depth semi‐structured interviews were undertaken with 19 women who had recently participated in the trial at a single recruiting site. The interviews were conducted in private, recorded digitally and transcribed verbatim.SettingSingle tertiary maternity hospital currently recruiting eligible women onto an on‐going randomized controlled trial (NCT 02881073).ParticipantsWomen who had participated in the PARROT Ireland randomized controlled trial during their recent pregnancy.MethodsThematic analysis was utilized. Each line of the transcribed interviews was coded into a category by two researchers. The resultant categories were reviewed, and those with similarities were pooled allowing the development of themes.Main Outcome MeasuresWomen's opinions and experience of participation in a randomized controlled trial of an interventional diagnostic test during their pregnancy.ResultsFour major themes were identified as follows: (a) Understanding of preeclampsia, (b) Motivators for clinical trial participation, (c) Barriers to decision making and (d) Influence of PARROT Ireland on pregnancy experience.ConclusionsWomen are generally interested and positively inclined to participate in research during pregnancy. The potential of risk is an important consideration for eligible pregnant woman. Information and support by both researchers and clinicians are paramount in aiding women's understanding of a research trial.
Effect of intercellular adhesion molecule 1 deficiency on the development of apical periodontitis
Authors: De Rossi A. , Lucisano M. P. , De Rossi M. , Nelson‐Filho P. , Silva R. A. B. , Silva L. A. B. , Saraiva M. C. P. , Fukada S. Y. 
Published: October 2019

AbstractAimTo evaluate the specific role of ICAM‐1 in host responses against endodontic infection.MethodsApical periodontitis was experimentally induced in the mandibular first molars of ICAM‐1 knockout and wild‐type (WT) mice by pulp exposure to the oral environment. At 7, 21 and 42 days following pulp infection, the animals were euthanized and the jaws were prepared for analysis under conventional and fluorescence microscopy (histopathologic and morphometric analysis), immunohistochemistry (polymorphonuclear leucocytes), enzyme histochemistry (osteoclasts and cementoclasts) and RT‐PCR (IL‐1 α, TNF‐α, INF‐γ, IL‐10, RANK, RANKL and OPG). A generalized linear model with GLIMMIX procedure with Satterthwaite approximation method of degrees of freedom, Tukey–Kramer, pseudo‐ranking nonparametric, Bonferroni–Holm multiple testing adjustment, analysis of variance (ANOVA) and the Tukey's multiple comparisons tests were used to evaluate the statistical differences between the groups using SAS 9.4 and the GraphPad Prism 5.0 software (α = 0.05).ResultsCompared to WT mice, ICAM‐1 knockout mice had significantly greater bone resorption (P < 0.05), reduced recruitment of neutrophils to periapical inflammatory tissues (P < 0.05) and an increased number of fibroblasts (P < 0.05) at all experimental periods. The osteoclast number was significantly higher in ICAM‐1 KO than that of WT animals at all times (P < 0.05), while there was no significant difference between the groups regarding cementoclasts. At day 21, the level of IL‐1α, RANK, RANKL and IL‐10 had increased significantly in tissues from ICAM‐1 KO versus WT mice (P < 0.05), while no significant difference was observed in TNF‐α and OPG levels (P > 0.05). Tissue levels of INF‐γ were significantly lower in ICAM‐1 KO than those in WT mice (P < 0.05).ConclusionICAM‐1 deficiency impaired the host response against endodontic infection, resulting in increased tissue destruction.
Zein‐based anti‐browning cling wraps for fresh‐cut apple slices
Authors: Vimala Bharathi S.K. , Maria Leena M. , Moses J.A. , Anandharamakrishnan C. 
Published: October 2019

SummaryThe usage of cling wraps is emerging as an easy and cost‐effective approach to protect fresh‐cut fruits and vegetables from dust, whilst improving visual appeal on retail counters. This study focused on developing an alternate, protein‐based packaging material as a food grade cling wrap for food packaging applications. Zein‐based cling wraps were produced, and their physical and mechanical characteristics were evaluated and compared with conventionally used chitosan biopolymer films and commercial synthetic polymer films. Antioxidant potential of the prepared films was studied, and the effectiveness of the developed films as anti‐browning cling wraps was evaluated using studies conducted on fresh‐cut apple slices at ambient conditions. Anti‐browning effects were in par with polymeric counterparts; however, zein cling wraps could better prevent weight loss in apple slices. Zein‐based films can be adopted as biodegradable food grade cling wraps as an alternative to chitosan and synthetic polymeric materials.
Evidence of fish and human pathogens associated with doctor fish (Garra rufa, Heckel, 1843) used for cosmetic treatment
Authors: Volpe Enrico , Mandrioli Luciana , Errani Francesca , Serratore Patrizia , Zavatta Emanuele , Rigillo Antonella , Ciulli Sara 
Published: October 2019

AbstractDoctor fish (Garra rufa, Heckel, 1843) are increasingly used for cosmetic treatment raising particular concerns regarding the potential transmission of infections to clients. Investigations of microbial causes undertaken in two outbreaks of mortality among G. rufa used for cosmetic treatment revealed the presence of multiple bacteria, including both fish and human pathogens such as Aeromonas veronii, A. hydrophila, Vibrio cholerae, Shewanella putrefaciens, Mycobacterium marinum and M. goodii. This range of bacteria indicates an intense microbial proliferation involving multiple pathogens, most likely induced by the poor health condition of the fish. Most of the detected pathogens are well‐known agents of zoonosis. Indeed, M. goodii is an emerging nosocomial human pathogen that has never been detected in fish to date, nor in other animals. This first detection of M. goodii associated with fish infection points out a new zoonotic potential for this pathogen. These findings point out that handling, poor environmental conditions and the presence of fish pathogens, that can compromise the immune system of fish, can result in a mixed microbial proliferation and increase the spread of waterborne bacteria, including zoonosis agents. Accordingly, the microbiological surveillance of fish used for cosmetic treatment is extremely important, particularly in association with mortality outbreaks.
Maternal mortality and health in the Arab World: A 25‐year epidemiological study
Authors: Khachfe Hussein H. , Sammouri Julie , Salhab Hamza A. , Fares Mohamad Y. , El‐Najjar Roula 
Published: October 2019

AbstractAimIn this work, we aim to assess the maternal health in terms of maternal mortality ratios and lifetime risk of maternal death in of women in the Arab World.MethodsData on maternal mortality rates (MMR) and lifetime risk of maternal death (LTR) were extracted from the official databases of the United Nations Children's Fund. Annual Percentage Change was calculated using Joinpoint regression model. Statistical significance among countries was determined using one‐way analysis of variance (anova) on spss version 25.0 (IBM SPSS, 2017).ResultsThe MMR and LTR significantly decreased in almost all Arab countries. Somalia was found to be the country with the highest burden of MMR, while Gulf countries had the lowest burden.ConclusionOur study shows a decrease in the MMR and LTR of maternal death in the Arab world. Although there is a decrease in these rates, but continuous research and efforts must be undergone to better develop the health care system in a great number of Arab countries to decrease the burden of maternal deaths.
Chronic sleep loss disrupts blood–testis and blood–epididymis barriers, and reduces male fertility
Authors: Domínguez‐Salazar Emilio , Hurtado‐Alvarado Gabriela , Medina‐Flores Fernanda , Dorantes Javik , González‐Flores Oscar , Contis‐Montes de Oca Arturo , Velázquez‐Moctezuma Javier , Gómez‐González Beatriz 
Published: October 2019

AbstractSleep loss increases blood–brain barrier permeability. As the blood–brain barrier and the blood–tissue barriers in the reproductive tract (blood–testis and blood–epididymis barriers) share common characteristics, we hypothesized that sleep restriction may also modify their barrier function. Previous reports showed that sleep loss decreased sperm viability and progressive fast mobility, which may be a consequence of altered blood–testis and blood–epididymis barrier. Therefore, we quantified changes in blood–testis and blood–epididymis barrier after sleep loss and related them to male fertility. Adult male Wistar rats were sleep restricted using the multiple‐platform technique in a protocol of 20 hr daily sleep deprivation plus 4 hr of sleep recovery in the home‐cage. At the 10th day, barrier permeability assays were performed with Na‐fluorescein, 10 kDa Cascade blue‐dextrans and Evans blue, and the expression of tight junction proteins, actin and androgen receptor was quantified. At the 10th day of sleep restriction and after sleep recovery days 1–7, males were placed with sexually receptive females, sexual behaviour was tested, and the percentage of pregnancies was calculated. Sleep restriction increased the barrier permeability to low‐ and high‐molecular‐weight tracers, and decreased the expression of tight junction proteins, actin and androgen receptor. Concomitantly, sleep restriction reduced the percentage of ejaculating males and the number of pregnancies. Sleep recovery for 2–3 days progressively re‐established fertility, as indicated by a higher percentage of ejaculating males and impregnated females. In conclusion, chronic sleep loss alters fertility concomitantly with the disruption of the blood–tissue barriers at the reproductive tract, the mechanism involves androgen signalling.
Diagnostic and prognostic assessment of suspected drug‐induced liver injury in clinical practice
Authors: Andrade Raúl J. , Robles‐Díaz Mercedes 
Published: October 2019

AbstractIdiosyncratic drug‐induced liver injury (DILI) is a challenging liver disorder because it can present with a range of phenotypes, mimicking almost every other hepatic disease, and lacks specific biomarkers for its diagnosis. Hence, a confident DILI diagnosis is seldom possible as it relies on the precise establishment of a temporal sequence between the exposure to a given prescription drug or sometimes hidden herbal product/over the counter medication as well as the exclusion of other aetiologies of liver disease. However, an accurate diagnosis is of most importance, as prompt withdrawal of the causative agent is essential in DILI management. Indeed, DILI can be severe and even fatal or in a fraction of cases evolve to chronic damage, but specific biomarkers for predicting mortality/liver transplantation or a chronic outcome in the very early phases of DILI are not yet available. In this article, we discuss the best diagnostic and prognostic approach of a DILI suspicion by judiciously choosing and interpreting the standard tests currently used in clinical practice.