bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A molecularly imprinted nanofilm‐based quartz crystal microbalance sensor for the real‐time detection of pirimicarb
Authors: Cakir Oguz 
Published: April 2019

AbstractThis study aimed to prepare a novel quartz crystal microbalance (QCM) sensor for the detection of pirimicarb. Pirimicarb‐imprinted poly (ethylene glycol dimethacrylate‐N‐metacryloyl‐(l)‐tryptophan methyl ester) [p (EGDMA‐MATrp)] nanofilm (MIP) on the gold surface of a QCM chip was synthesized using the molecular imprinting technique. A nonimprinted p (EGDMA‐MATrp) nanofilm (NIP) was also synthesized using the same experimental technique. The MIP and NIP nanofilms were characterized via Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy attenuated total reflectance spectroscopy, contact angle, atomic force microscopy, and an ellipsometer. A competitive adsorption experiment on the sensor was performed to display the selectivity of the nanofilm. An analysis of the QCM sensor showed that the MIP nanofilm exhibited high sensitivity and selectivity for pirimicarb determination. A liquid chromatography‐tandem mass spectrometry method was prepared and validated to determine the accuracy and precision of the QCM sensor. The accuracy and precision of both methods were determined by a comparison of six replicates at three different concentrations to tomato samples extracted by using a Quick, Easy, Cheap, Effective, Rugged and Safe (QuEChERS) method. The limit of detection of the QCM sensor was found to be 0.028 nM. In conclusion, the QCM sensor showed good accuracy, with recovery percentages between 91 and 94%. Also, the pirimicarb‐imprinted QCM sensor exhibited a fast response time, reusability, high selectivity and sensitivity, and a low limit of detection. Therefore, it offers a serious alternative to the traditional analytical methods for pesticide detection in both natural sources and aqueous solutions.
Pin1 inhibition potently suppresses gastric cancer growth and blocks PI3K/AKT and Wnt/β‐catenin oncogenic pathways
Authors: Zhang Zhenzhen , Yu Weixing , Zheng Min , Liao Xinhua , Wang Jichuang , Yang Dayun , Lu Wenxian , Wang Long , Zhang Sheng , Liu Hekun , Zhou Xiao Zhen , Lu Kun Ping 
Published: April 2019

AbstractGastric cancer is the second leading cause of cancer‐related mortality and the fourth most common cancer globally. High intratumor heterogeneity of advanced gastric cancer poses great challenges to targeted therapy due to simultaneous activation of many redundant cancer‐driving pathways. A central common signaling mechanism in cancer is proline‐directed phosphorylation, which is further regulated by the unique proline isomerase Pin1. Pin1 inhibition exerts anticancer activity by blocking multiple cancer‐driving pathways in some cancers, but its role in gastric cancer is not fully understood. Here we detected Pin1 protein expression in 1065 gastric cancer patients and paired normal tissues using immunohistochemistry and Western blot, and then examined the effects of Pin1 overexpression, and genetic and chemical Pin1 inhibition using Pin1 short hairpin RNA or small molecule inhibitor all‐trans retinoic acid (ATRA) on tumorigenesis of human gastric cancer in vitro and in vivo, followed by biochemical analyses to elucidate Pin1 regulated oncogenic pathways. We found that Pin1 was significantly overexpressed in primary and metastasized tumors, with Pin1 overexpression being correlated with advanced stage and poor prognosis. Furthermore, whereas Pin1 overexpression promoted the transformed phenotype in immortalized and nontransformed human gastric cells, either genetic or chemical Pin1 inhibition in multiple human gastric cancer cells potently suppressed cell growth, G1/S transition and colony formation in vitro, as well as tumor growth in xenograft tumor models in vivo, which were further supported by downregulation of multiple key oncoproteins in PI3K/AKT and Wnt/β‐catenin signaling pathways. These results not only provide the first evidence for a critical role of Pin1 in the tumorigenesis of gastric cancer but also suggest that targeting Pin1 using ATRA or other inhibitors offers an effective new therapeutic approach for treating advanced gastric cancer.
A mixed DOF collocation method for elastic problems in heterogeneous structure
Authors: Yang Mao , Lu Shan 
Published: April 2019

SummaryIn this paper, a collocation method with mixed degrees of freedom (DOFs) is proposed for heterogeneous structures. Local tractions of the outer and interface boundaries are introduced as DOFs in the mixed collocation scheme. Then, the equilibrium equations of all the nodes and the outer boundary conditions are discretized and assembled into the global stiffness matrix. A local force equilibrium equation for modeling the stress discontinuity through the interface is developed and added into the global stiffness matrix as well. With those contributions, a statically determined stiffness matrix is obtained. Numerical examples show that the present method is superior to the classical mixed collocation method in the heterogeneous structure because it improves the accuracy and the convergence and remains the efficiency. Besides, almost constant convergence rates of displacements and stresses are found in all the examples, even for three‐dimensional problems.
Effects of core stabilization exercises on pulmonary function, respiratory muscle strength, and functional capacity in adolescents with substance use disorder: Randomized controlled trial
Authors: Mustafaoglu Rustem , Demir Rengin , Demirci Arzu Ciftci , Yigit Zerrin 
Published: April 2019

AbstractBackgroundAdolescent substance abuse is a serious and growing problem worldwide. The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of core stabilization exercises on pulmonary function, respiratory muscle strength, and functional capacity in adolescents with substance use disorder (SUD).MethodsThis was a prospective randomized controlled trial. A total of 49 adolescent male patients with SUD were randomly assigned to either the exercise group (n = 25; mean age 16.6 years) or the control group (n = 24; mean age 16.7 years), for 6 weeks. All participants underwent a medical and behavioral therapy program 5 days a week for 6 weeks. The exercise group received five core stabilization exercises combined with deep breathing as a group training for 45 to 60 minutes, twice a week for 6 weeks, and the control group received recreational activities in addition to the usual care for 45 to 60 minutes, twice a week for 6 weeks. Spirometry, maximal inspiratory and expiratory pressures, and the 6‐minute walk test were performed and measured at baseline and after training.ResultsThere were significant improvements in maximal inspiratory pressure (24.16 cm H2O; P < 0.0001), maximal expiratory pressure (30.28 cm H2O; P < 0.0001), forced vital capacity (5.80% predicted, P < 0.0001), forced expiratory volume in 1 second (7.34% predicted; P = 0.002), peak expiratory flow (13.32% predicted; P = 0.0003), forced expiratory flow 25%‐75% (11.84% predicted; P = 0.027), and the 6‐minute walking distance (65.84 m; P < 0.0001) in the exercise group compared with the control group.ConclusionsCore stabilization exercise can improve pulmonary function, respiratory muscle strength, and functional capacity in adolescents with SUD.
Electrochemically Exfoliated High‐Quality 2H‐MoS2 for Multiflake Thin Film Flexible Biosensors
Authors: Zhang Panpan , Yang Sheng , Pineda‐Gómez Roberto , Ibarlucea Bergoi , Ma Ji , Lohe Martin R. , Akbar Teuku Fawzul , Baraban Larysa , Cuniberti Gianaurelio , Feng Xinliang 
Published: April 2019

Abstract2D molybdenum disulfide (MoS2) gives a new inspiration for the field of nanoelectronics, photovoltaics, and sensorics. However, the most common processing technology, e.g., liquid‐phase based scalable exfoliation used for device fabrication, leads to the number of shortcomings that impede their large area production and integration. Major challenges are associated with the small size and low concentration of MoS2 flakes, as well as insufficient control over their physical properties, e.g., internal heterogeneity of the metallic and semiconducting phases. Here it is demonstrated that large semiconducting MoS2 sheets (with dimensions up to 50 µm) can be obtained by a facile cathodic exfoliation approach in nonaqueous electrolyte. The synthetic process avoids surface oxidation thus preserving the MoS2 sheets with intact crystalline structure. It is further demonstrated at the proof‐of‐concept level, a solution‐processed large area (60 × 60 µm) flexible Ebola biosensor, based on a MoS2 thin film (6 µm thickness) fabricated via restacking of the multiple flakes on the polyimide substrate. The experimental results reveal a low detection limit (in femtomolar–picomolar range) of the fabricated sensor devices. The presented exfoliation method opens up new opportunities for fabrication of large arrays of multifunctional biomedical devices based on novel 2D materials.
Fabrication of a double‐helical photocatalytic module for disinfection and antibiotics degradation
Authors: Yu Hongtao , Wang Shi , Zhang Zhenhua , Chen Shuo , Quan Xie , Liang Heng 
Published: April 2019

AbstractA double‐helical photocatalytic module was fabricated via an annealing process following an anodic oxidation procedure, and installed into a commercial UV sterilizer to structure continuous‐flow photocatalytic device. Benefiting from the superior mass transfer of double‐helical structure to common flat plate or corrugated plate, as well as the improved adhesion between Ti support and TiO2 layer, the photocatalytic device displayed potential in practical disinfection and degradation of organics. During photocatalytic disinfection process with 21 mJ/cm2 of UV dose, the concentration of Escherichia coli decreased from 1.71 × 107 CFU/L (typical for municipal wastewater) in influent to 2,720 CFU/L in effluent water, which met the wastewater discharged standard of China. Escherichia coli reactivation ratio for the photocatalytic device was only one‐tenth of that for UV sterilizer. Furthermore, taking phenol, bisphenol A, and four antibiotics as targets, the device was demonstrated to promote the degradation of photodegradable pollutants via photocatalysis. These results highlight a feasibility of photocatalytic technology as a supporting role in practical wastewater treatment.Practitioner points

TiO2 nanotube array was embedded in the surface of double‐helical Ti support to avoid detachment.

This double‐helical photocatalytic module was installed into a commercial UV sterilizer to structure a continuous‐flow device.

The continuous‐flow device was effective in sterilizing bacteria and decomposing photodegradable organic pollutants in wastewater.

Improving the performance of UV technology was proposed as a feasible approach for the practical application of photocatalysis.
Introduction
Authors: Oppl Stefan , Stary Christian 
Published: April 2019

AbstractThis chapter motivates the objective for introducing support measures and instruments for articulating, aligning, and enacting performative aspects of organizational work. It provides background information on supporting organizational actors to actively design their collaborative work processes. Of main interest are individual conceptualizations of work while ensuring syntactically correct and semantically valid work models to be processed by digital means. The chapter presents relevant framework constituents, namely humans, technology, and organization of work, while referring to the articulation and alignment processes by socio-technical means. From a dynamic system development perspective, learning support and human-centered representation of knowledge play a crucial role. Their major characteristics are discussed as common ground for the instruments presented in the subsequent chapters.
Elicitation Requirements
Authors: Oppl Stefan , Stary Christian 
Published: April 2019

AbstractThis chapter discusses elicitation of knowledge in work process design and its requirements on socio-technical support instruments. It provides the conceptual underpinnings of the articulation and alignment processes of work process elicitation. We detail relevant insights from different disciplines such as social psychology, cognitive sciences, knowledge management, and computer-supported collaborative work. The individual mental model of accomplishing work tasks, as well as role awareness, is crucial for capturing situated and thus contextual work behavior. For aligning individual mental models, intangible information exchange, and implicit work knowledge needs to be externalized and combined with existing encoded work representations. Such an endeavor lays the ground for co-creating digital work settings and meta-cognitive potential for further developments, in particular, organization learning steps. This chapter provides a corresponding theory-based synthesis. It reflects on methodologically grounded designs of work support and organizational development processes.
Sexual Quality of Life in Homosexual and Bisexual Men: The Relative Role of Minority Stress
Authors: Grabski Bartosz , Kasparek Krzysztof , Müldner-Nieckowski Łukasz , Iniewicz Grzegorz 
Published: April 2019

ABSTRACT

Background
Minority stress is an important risk factor for sexual problems in gay and bisexual men. It remains unclear whether and to what extent this stress is associated with the sexual quality of life in these groups.

Aim
To investigate the significance of minority stress as a factor explaining the sexual quality of life in gay and bisexual men.

Methods
The analysis is based on data collected in an Internet study on the sexuality of Polish gay, bisexual, and straight men. Multiple regression analysis was used to investigate the importance of minority stress in explaining the sexual quality of life in a group of 1,486 non-heterosexual men in the context of other predictors, including demographics, the level of current sexual function, sexual patterns and experiences, and mental and physical health. We used the Sexual Minority Stress Scale based on Ilan Meyer’s Minority Stress Model, with its subscales relating to internalized homophobia, expectation of rejection, concealment, and sexual minority negative events. The level of sexual functioning was evaluated using 2 scales, the International Index of Erectile Functioning and the Premature Ejaculation Diagnostic Tool. Data on the remaining predictors were obtained using a survey that we developed.

Main Outcome Measures
The men’s sexual quality of life as rated on the Sexual Quality of Life Scale for Men was a dependent variable.

Results
Internalized homophobia (β = −0.28; P &lt; .001) and sexual minority negative events (β = −0.09; P &lt; .001) were statistically significant predictors of sexual quality of life in non-heterosexual men. Internalized homophobia (β = −0.28; P &lt; .001) and erectile function (β = 0.29, P &lt; .001) turned out to be the strongest predictors. Sexual orientation (gay vs bisexual) and its interactions with individual processes of minority stress were statistically nonsignificant.

Clinical Implications
To evaluate and improve the sexual quality of life of non-heterosexual men, it is necessary to consider not only their sexual function, but also the minority stress they experience, particularly internalized homophobia.

Strengths & Limitations
The major strengths of the study include a large sample size, a comprehensive assessment of minority stress, and the previously understudied Central European cultural context. The major limitations are the nonrepresentative sampling, retrospective data collection, and cross-sectional design.

Conclusion
Internalized homophobia predicts poorer sexual quality of life in gay and bisexual men in Poland.
Nonideal Justice as Nonideal Fairness
Authors: ARVAN MARCUS 
Published: April 2019

AbstractThis article argues that diverse theorists have reasons to theorize about fairness in nonideal conditions, including theorists who reject fairness in ideal theory. It then develops a new all-purpose model of ‘nonideal fairness’. Section 1 argues that fairness is central to nonideal theory across diverse ideological and methodological frameworks. Section 2 then argues that ‘nonideal fairness’ is best modeled by anonideal original positionadaptable to different nonideal conditions and background normative frameworks (including anti-Rawlsian ones). Section 3 argues that the parties to the model have grounds to seek a variety of remedial social, legal, cultural, and economic ‘nonideal primary goods’ for combating injustice as well as grounds to distribute these goods in an equitable and inclusive manner. Finally, I illustrate how the model indexes the nonideal primary goods it justifies to different nonideal contexts and background normative frameworks, illustrating why diverse theorists should find the model and its output principles attractive.
Annual 14C Tree-Ring Data Around 400 AD: Mid- and High-Latitude Records
Authors: Friedrich Ronny , Kromer Bernd , Sirocko Frank , Esper Jan , Lindauer Susanne , Nievergelt Daniel , Heussner Karl Uwe , Westphal Thorsten 
Published: April 2019

ABSTRACTTwo tree-ring series, one from a high-latitude pine tree (located in northern Scandinavia) and one from a mid-latitude oak tree (located in eastern Germany) were analyzed for radiocarbon (14C) at annual resolution. The new records cover the calendar date ranges 290–460 AD and 382–486 AD, respectively, overlapping by 79 yr. The series show similar trends as IntCal13. However, some significant deviations around 400 AD are present with lower Δ14C (higher 14C ages). An average offset between the two new series and IntCal13 of about 20 years in conventional 14C age is observed. A latitudinal 14C offset between the tree sites in central and northern Europe, as would be expected due to the relatively large spatial distance, is not recorded, however. Periodic changes in the 14C records are resolved that can be attributed to the “11-year” solar cycle (Schwabe cycle) with cycle length from 9 to 11 years. The magnitude of changes in Δ14C due to the solar cycle is between 1.5 and 3‰. Since solar cyclicity is only partially synchronous between the two new series, reasons for asynchronicity are explored.
RECOGNISING A PRIVACY-INVASION TORT: THE CONCEPTUAL UNITY OF INFORMATIONAL AND INTRUSION CLAIMS
Authors: Wragg Paul 
Published: April 2019

AbstractThis article presents the novel view that “inclusion into seclusion” and “public disclosure of embarrassing facts” (“misuse of private information” (“MOPI”) in the UK), which both the academic commentary and US case law treat as two separate legal actions, occupy the same conceptual space. This claim has important practical ramifications. No further development of the law is required to realise an actionable intrusion tort as part of the UK's MOPI tort. The argument is defended in doctrinal and theoretical terms and by reference to both UK and US law. It is presented in three forms: first, in negative terms, that the orthodox distinction between the two claims (informational privacy and intrusion) is unsustainable; second, in positive terms, that both guard against the same wrong (unwarranted privacy invasion) and the same harm (mental distress), in a way that is distinctive from other privacy actions and legal claims based upon the autonomy value; finally, in pragmatic terms, that MOPI's mature jurisprudence is sufficiently flexible and dynamic to recognise intrusion-only claims using its existing legal framework.
Why Canada Goes to War: Explaining Combat Participation in US-led Coalitions
Authors: Massie Justin 
Published: April 2019

AbstractCanada has taken part in six wars since 1945, all of which have been conducted under US leadership. Despite such military interventionism, there have been no systematic comparative analyses of Canada's decisions to take part in US-led wars. The objective of this article is to develop and test a theoretical framework about why Canada goes to war. More specifically, it seeks to account for variations in Canada's provision of combat forces to multinational interventions led by the United States. It assesses leading theoretical explanations by examining five post–Cold War cases: the wars in Kosovo, Afghanistan and Libya; the war against ISIS; and the refusal to take part in the invasion of Iraq. The article concludes that Canada's willingness to go to war is shaped primarily by a desire to maintain transatlantic alliance unity and enhance Canada's alliance credibility. Threats to national security, the legitimacy of the intervention, government ideology and public opinion are not found to consistently or meaningfully shape Canadian decisions to take part in US-led wars.
Participatory plant breeding: Who did it, who does it and where?
Authors: Ceccarelli Salvatore , Grando Stefania 
Published: April 2019

AbstractThe paper provides an overview of institutions, scientists, and practitioners involved over the years in the various ways in which participatory plant breeding (PPB) is implemented, with indication of the crops involved and the countries in which it took place, or is still taking place. This might help creating a better awareness of the scope (both geographical and crop wise) of the different methodologies as well as of their advantages, disadvantages, applicability, and limitations. Through a literature survey, we found 254 publications showing that over a period of 36 years participatory approaches in plant breeding have been used in 69 countries (10 developed and 59 developing) with 47 crops including self-pollinated, cross-pollinated, and vegetatively propagated crops, by several Institutions including CGIAR centers, universities, and NGOs. We argue that there are no obvious scientific or technical reasons limiting the use of PPB, and we interpret the limited institutionalization as a difficulty to accept the paradigm shift that participation implies.
A rapid HPLC method for the determination of lactoferrin in milk of various species
Authors: Tsakali Efstathia , Chatzilazarou Arhontoula , Houhoula Dimitra , Koulouris Spiridon , Tsaknis John , Van Impe Jan 
Published: April 2019

AbstractThis Research Communication describes the adaptation and testing of an RP-HPLC method, previously tested for the determination of lactoferrin (LF) in whey, for its applicability to determine milk lactoferrin content. Milk samples of various species, namely, ovine, caprine, bovine, donkey and human milk, were tested. The advantage of this RP-HPLC method includes speed and convenience, as it does not include extensive pretreatment or separation steps. A simple pre-treatment step was added in order to remove fat and proteins of the casein family and the samples were tested. The results varied in terms of elution of the LF peak both between the milk of the different species as well as from the initial application on whey. The peak resolution was satisfactory in the cases of ovine, bovine and donkey milk samples while for caprine and human milk an interference with other peaks was observed. Nevertheless, quantification of LF was found possible for all samples. This new application of the modified method will allow the determination of LF in milk samples of the tested species either for everyday analysis or as a useful qualitative screening for presence or absence of LF.