bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Endodontic Treatment with MTA in a Tooth with Open Apex-A Case Report
Authors: Singla Ruchi , Bhushan Jagat ,   Vandana
Published: September 2018

AbstractThis case report describes the treatment of a tooth with necrotic pulp and open apex (maxillary left central incisor). In this conventional multiple-visit apexification with calcium hydroxide was replaced with a simple two step apical barrier techinique using MTA. The treatment involved mild debridement of the dentinal walls with K files and repeated irrigation with sodium hypochlorite solution, followed by calcium hydroxide dressing for 1 week and lastly creating an apical plug with MTA. The objective of the treatment was to provide an apical stop for the root canal filling material.
Conventional Complete Denture for a Patient with Malunited Fracture of Mandible: A Case Report
Authors: Sharma Monica , Lal Jagmohan , Kaur Ravneet , Kumar Mandeep , Sharma Bhavna 
Published: September 2018

AbstractA patient with malunited fracture of mandible require preprosthic reconstructive surgery followed by implant-assisted overdentures. In this case report, conventional complete dentures were fabricated for the patient as he refused any invasive treatment. The fabrication procedure of the denture was carefully modified according to anatomical and functional situation of the patient to achieve adequate retention and stability. Complete dentures thus fabricated provided comfort and sufficient function to the patient.
Surgical Management of Horizontal Root Fracture with Platelet Rich Fibrin (PRF) Placement: Case Report of Two Cases
Authors: Bansal Parul , Kanyal Kalpana , Nikhil Vineeta 
Published: September 2018

AbstractRadicular fractures in permanent teeth are uncommon injuries among dental traumas, being only 0.5 - 7% of the cases. Horizontal root fractures can be managed endodontically or combined endodontic and surgical approach. Treatment varies according to the displacement and vitality of the fragments. This paper presents a case report of two cases of horizontal root fracture, present between the middle and apical third of central incisors, which were managed by combined endodontic and surgical approach, while in second case it was followed by PRF placement to facilitate osteoinduction and periodontal tissue regeneration.
A glucosyltransferase specific for 4-hydroxy-2,5-dimethyl-3(2H)-furanone in strawberry
Authors: Yamada Aki , Ishiuchi Kan’ichiro , Makino Toshiaki , Mizukami Hajime , Terasaka Kazuyoshi 
Published: September 2018

ABSTRACT
4-Hydroxy-2,5-dimethyl-3(2H)-furanone (HDMF) is a key aroma compound in Fragaria × ananassa (strawberry). A considerable amount of HDMF is converted into HDMF β-D-glucoside and accumulated in mature strawberry fruits. Here we isolated a novel UDP-glucose: HDMF glucosyltransferase, UGT85K16 from Fragaria × ananassa. UGT85K16 preferentially glucosylated the hydroxyl group of HDMF and its structural analogs. Although UGT85K16 also catalyzed the glucosylation of vanillin, its affinity and efficiency toward HDMF was higher. The expression of UGT85K16 mRNA correlated with the accumulation of HDMF and its glucoside in Fragaria × ananassa plants. These results suggest that UGT85K16 might be UDP-glucose: HDMF glucosyltransferase in strawberries.
Abbreviations: DMMF: 2,5-dimethyl-4-methoxy-3(2H)-furanone; EHMF: 2(5)-ethyl-4-hydroxy-5(2)-methyl-3(2H)-furanone; GBV: glycosidically bound volatile; HDMF: 4-hydroxy-2,5-dimethyl-3(2H)-furanone; HMF: 4-hydroxy-5-methyl-3(2H)-furanone; HMMF: 4-hydroxy-5-methyl-2-methylene-3(2H)-furanone; PSPG: Plant secondary product glycosyltransferase; RT-PCR: reverse transcription-PCR; OMT: O-methyltransferase; UGT: UDP-glycosyltransferase
Unstructured brainstorming is not enough: structured brainstorming based on four verification and validation questions yields better hazard identification in healthcare
Authors: Kobo-Greenhut Ayala , Reuveni Haim , Ben Shlomo Izhar , Megnezi Racheli 
Published: September 2018

AbstractObjectives(1) To introduce the Methodical Hazard Identification Checklist (MHIC) for structured brainstorming and the four V&V categories on which it is based, and (2) to compare its efficacy with that of brainstorming (BS) in identifying hazards in healthcare.DesignComparative analysis of MHIC and team BS results.SettingBaruch Padeh Medical Center, Poriya, Israel.Study participantsQuality engineering students, facilitators, validation teams and hospital staff who were familiar with the specific processes.Intervention(s)The number of hazards identified by team BS were compared with those deduced by applying the four V&V hazard categories to each step (the MHIC) of 10 medical and 12 administrative processes.Main Outcome Measure(s)The total number of hazards (1) identified by BS, (2) identified by MHIC, (3) validated by the validation team and (4) hazards identified by both methods that the validation team deemed unreasonable.ResultsMHIC was significantly more successful than BS in identifying all hazards for the 22 processes (P &lt; 0.0001). The estimated probabilities of success for BS for administrative and medical processes were 0.4444, 95%CI = [0.3506, 0.5424] and 0.3080, 95%CI = [0.2199, 0.4127], respectively. The estimated probabilities of success for MHIC for administrative and medical processes were 0.9885, 95%CI = [0.9638, 0.9964] and 0.9911, 95%CI = [0.9635, 0.9979], respectively.ConclusionsCompared to traditional BS, MHIC performs much better in identifying prospective hazards in the healthcare system. We applied MHIC methodology to administrative and medical processes and believe it can also be used in other industries that require hazard identification.
First Approval of a Drug Derived from Marijuana
Authors: Aschenbrenner Diane S. 
Published: September 2018

Two rare, severe seizure disorders, Lennox–Gastaut syndrome and Dravet syndrome, can now be treated with cannabidiol (Epidiolex), the first approved drug derived from marijuana.Cannabidiol does not contain the psychoactive component of marijuana and does not lead to physical dependence.Common adverse effects include somnolence, elevated liver enzyme levels, insomnia, sleep disorder, poor-quality sleep, and infections.
Cardiovascular Risk of Celecoxib no Worse Than That of Ibuprofen or Naproxen
Authors: Aschenbrenner Diane S. 
Published: September 2018

Data from a long-term prospective, randomized trial comparing the cardiovascular safety of celecoxib with that of ibuprofen and naproxen have shown that celecoxib carries no greater risk of clot-related cardiovascular events.The dosage studied was low, 100 mg twice a day, and the safety of higher dosages has not yet been studied.
Study Finds Increased Venous Thromboembolism Risk in Transfeminine Patients
Authors: Mechcatie Elizabeth , Rosenberg Karen 
Published: September 2018

According to this study:

Transfeminine individuals had higher rates of venous thromboembolism and ischemic stroke than cisgender men and women (those whose gender identity is consistent with their sex designation at birth).The study findings suggest a need for long-term monitoring of vascular adverse effects of estrogen therapy in this population.
Literature Review Documents Medicaid Expansion Benefits Under the ACA
Authors: Mechcatie Elizabeth , Rosenberg Karen 
Published: September 2018

According to this study:

Peer-reviewed studies provide evidence that Medicaid expansion under the Affordable Care Act has resulted in improvements in access to care and quality of care.Across all categories, the authors found either significant positive effects of Medicaid expansion or positive but not significant effects, but virtually no negative effects.
Substance Use Disorder Assessment, Diagnosis, and Management for Patients Hospitalized With Severe Infections Due to Injection Drug Use
Authors: Jicha Crystal , Saxon David , Lofwall Michelle R. , Fanucchi Laura C. 
Published: September 2018

Objectives:
Persons with injection drug use (IDU) have high healthcare utilization. Consequently, healthcare providers have opportunities to identify and treat underlying substance use disorders (SUD) that drive these hospitalizations. The study purpose was to characterize current SUD evaluation and treatment practices by primary and consulting services during hospitalization for severe infections related to IDU.

Methods:
This study is a retrospective chart review of inpatient admissions to an academic medical center. The 2 inclusion criteria were documentation of IDU in clinical notes and the presence of an infection likely related to IDU. Demographic and clinical data were extracted from electronic medical records.

Results:
A total of 108 inpatient admissions met inclusion criteria and were included in the study. The most common infections related to IDU were endocarditis (n = 65, 60.2%) and osteomyelitis (n = 27, 25.0%). The primary team explicitly documented substance use in the H&P and progress notes in 103 (95.4%) hospitalizations and in 84 (77.8%) at discharge. Opioid use disorder was coded by International Classification of Diseases, Ninth Revision in 62 (57.4%). The most frequent intervention was screening, brief intervention, and referral to treatment in 99 (91.7%) episodes. The vast majority of patients did not have specific plans or recommendations for SUD treatment upon discharge.

Conclusions:
Though more than half of the patients in this study had opioid use disorder, pharmacotherapy for opioid use disorder was typically not provided, and screening, brief intervention, and referral to treatment (SBIRT) was the most common intervention. There are significant gaps in the clinical assessment, diagnosis, and management of SUD in persons hospitalized with life-threatening complications of IDU, leaving many opportunities to improve care for this complex patient population.
Is the National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism Screening Guide Useful for Identifying Adolescents at Risk for Later Cigarette Smoking? A Prospective Study in Primary Care Clinics
Authors: Shadel William G. , Seelam Rachana , Parast Layla , Meredith Lisa S. , D’Amico Elizabeth J. 
Published: September 2018

Objectives:
This paper evaluated whether a 2-item assessment of alcohol use risk, developed by the National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism (NIAAA SG), prospectively predicted smoking status among a sample of adolescents visiting their primary care physician.

Methods:
We analyzed a sample of 651 adolescents (57.80% female; 56.53% Hispanic, 22.73% African American, 14.44% White, 6.30% other) who completed the NIAAA SG at a baseline appointment and were assessed for future smoking risk. We obtained prospective data on smoking status using data from the 6-month post-baseline follow-up assessment.

Results:
Logistic regression analyses revealed that adolescents who were identified as at risk by the NIAAA SG were more likely to report smoking within 6 months. However, the association between the NIAAA SG and future smoking status became non-significant after controlling for future smoking risk measured at baseline.

Conclusions:
Questions that ask about past smoking and future smoking intentions are best used to screen adolescents in primary care for smoking risk.
Impact of a Nurse Intervention to Improve Sleep Quality in Intensive Care Units
Authors: Díaz-Alonso Julián , Smith-Plaza Andrea M. , Suárez-Mier Belén , Lana Alberto 
Published: September 2018

Background
Patients of adult intensive care units (ICUs) often suffer from a lack of sleep. Reducing anxiety by promoting adaptation to the ICU prior to admission may be an appropriate way to increase sleep quality.

Objective
The aim of this study was to evaluate the impact on sleep quality of a brief nurse intervention.

Methods
This was a pilot randomized controlled trial in Spain. Forty patients admitted in hospital for valve cardiac surgery were randomly allocated to (1) control group (n = 20), receiving usual care, and to (2) experimental group (EG, n = 20), receiving a nurse intervention the day before surgery and admission in the ICU. The intervention was based on Roy Adaptation Model. A trained nurse anticipated the stressful stimulus to patients in order to develop functional adaptive behaviors. A set of photographs and videos was used to illustrate the environment and assistance in the ICU. Sleep quality in the ICU was measured with the Richards-Campbell Sleep Questionnaire and usual sleep quality with the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index.

Results
After the intervention, sleep quality was lower in the EG compared with the control group (−4 points in Richards-Campbell Sleep Questionnaire, P = .69). Adjustment for main confounders led this reduction to −1.9 points (P = .87) among patients in EG. Stratified analyses shown a positive impact for people who usually slept well (+5.2 points, P = .77), but negative for those who had previous poor sleep quality (−20.0 points, P = .24).

Conclusion
A nurse intervention prior to ICU admission did not increase patients’ sleep quality. In addition, the intervention could have incremented anxiety over the patients who used to sleep poorly at their homes.
Relation Between Infant Microbiota and Autism?
Authors: Axelsson Paul Bryde , Clausen Tine Dalsgaard , Petersen Anne Helby , Hageman Ida , Pinborg Anja , Kessing Lars Vedel , Bergholt Thomas , Rasmussen Steen Christian , Keiding Niels , Løkkegaard Ellen Christine Leth 
Published: September 2018

Background:
Hypotheses concerning adverse effects of changes in microbiota have received much recent attention, but unobserved confounding makes them difficult to test. We investigated whether surrogate markers for potential adverse microbiota change in infancy affected autism risk, addressing unobserved confounding using a sibling study design.

Methods:
This is a population-based, prospective cohort study including all singleton live births in Denmark from 1997 to 2010. The exposure variables were cesarean delivery and antibiotic use in the first 2 years of life. The outcome was a subsequent autism diagnosis. We used the between- and within-sibling model and compared it with sibling-stratified Cox models and simpler standard Cox models that ignored sibship.

Results:
Of our study population including 671,606 children, who were followed for up to 15 years (7,341,133 person-years), 72% received antibiotics, 17.5% were delivered by cesarean, and 1.2% (8,267) developed autism. The standard Cox models predicted that both cesarean (compared with vaginal) delivery and antibiotics increased the risk of autism. In the sibling-stratified Cox model, only broader spectrum antibiotics were associated with increased risk of autism: hazard ratio (HR) = 1.16 (95% confidence interval = 1.01, 1.36). The between–within model estimated no exposure effects: intrapartum cesarean HR = 1.06 (0.89, 1.26); prelabor cesarean HR = 0.97 (0.83, 1.15); exclusively penicillin HR = 1.05 (0.93, 1.18); and broader spectrum antibiotics HR = 1.05 (0.95, 1.16).

Conclusions:
The between–within model rendered more precise estimates than sibling-stratified Cox models, and we believe that it also provided more valid estimates. Results from these preferred models do not support a causal relation between antibiotic treatment during infancy, cesarean delivery, and autism. See video abstract at, http://links.lww.com/EDE/B432.
Geometric Properties of Donor Corneas After Mechanical Trephination in Deep Anterior Lamellar Keratoplasty
Authors: Feizi Sepehr , Masoudi Ali , Rahimi Behrouz , Karimian Farid , Javadi Mohammad Ali 
Published: September 2018

Purpose:
To evaluate the geometry of donor corneal buttons after mechanical trephination and to determine whether there were any possible variables that could influence the accuracy of cutting corneal buttons in deep anterior lamellar keratoplasty.

Methods:
This cross-sectional study included 85 sclerocorneal buttons that were transplanted during deep anterior lamellar keratoplasty. Donor corneas were punched from the posterior surface. Photographs that most clearly represented the entire edges of the donor corneas were taken from the punched corneas and systematically analyzed using ImageJ software. The univariate analyses were used to investigate the influence of potential variables on the precision and roundness of the donor cut.

Results:
The epithelial side of the grafts was significantly larger than the posterior side in diameter, perimeter, and area. The perimeter and area of the donor posterior surface and the trephine used for punching the grafts were the same, whereas the epithelial side had a significantly larger perimeter and area than those of the trephine. Graft roundness varied from 0.78 to 1.0 at the epithelial side and from 0.77 to 1.0 at the posterior side. The roundness of the scleral spur, which represented the shape of the donor cornea, was identified as the main predictor of the roundness of the donor cut (P < 0.001).

Conclusions:
The donor buttons after mechanical trephination from the posterior surface may not be circular and of the intended diameter; the epithelial surface dimensions were significantly larger than the posterior surface and trephine dimensions. The roundness of the punched graft was primarily affected by the roundness of the cornea before trephination.
The Relationship Among Health Beliefs, Depressive Symptoms, Medication Adherence, and Social Support in African Americans With Hypertension
Authors: Spikes Telisa , Higgins Melinda , Quyyumi Arshed , Reilly Carolyn , Pemu Pricilla , Dunbar Sandra 
Published: September 2018

Background:
African Americans are disproportionately affected by hypertension and have lower medication adherence when compared to other racial groups. Antecedent factors such as beliefs surrounding hypertension, the presence or absence of social support, and depressive symptoms have not been extensively studied collectively in relation to hypertension medication adherence in African Americans.

Objective:
To determine the associations among demographic and clinical factors, depressive symptoms, hypertension beliefs, and social support with blood pressure medication adherence in middle-aged African American adults with a diagnosis of hypertension.

Methods:
A cross-sectional study of (N = 120) African Americans (mean age, 49 years; 22.5% men) with a current diagnosis of metabolic syndrome, including hypertension, who reported having and taking a prescribed blood pressure–lowering medication were included. Descriptive statistics, bivariate correlation analysis, and logistic regression using odds ratio were used to examine the effects of high blood pressure beliefs, social support, and depression on medication adherence.

Results:
A small but significant relationship was found between medication adherence and number of comorbidities (r = 0.19, P = .04). In a multivariate regression model, after controlling for gender, comorbidities remained associated with medication adherence (β = 0. 77, P = .04). Depressive symptoms, high blood pressure beliefs, and social support did not have a significant relationship with medication adherence.

Conclusions:
Multiple comorbidities may have a positive impact upon medication adherence. Further study is needed in a larger sample of African Americans who have a diagnosis of hypertension in addition to other comorbidities requiring medication management.
Experiences of Undergoing Enhanced External Counterpulsation in Patients With Refractory Angina Pectoris
Authors: Wu Eline , Broström Anders , Mårtensson Jan 
Published: September 2018

Background:
Enhanced external counterpulsation (EECP) is a noninvasive treatment recommended for patients with refractory angina pectoris (RAP), which generally includes 35 one-hour sessions over 7 weeks. No study has described how patients experience the time before, during, and between sessions, as well as the time after EECP treatment.

Objective:
The aim of this study was to describe how patients with RAP experience EECP treatment.

Methods:
Semistructured interviews took place with 15 strategically selected patients (11 men, 58–91 years old) who had finished 7 weeks of EECP at the 2 existing EECP clinics in Sweden. Data were analyzed using inductive qualitative content analysis.

Results:
The results were divided into 4 content areas, each comprising 3 categories: (1) experiences before EECP was initiated comprised uncharted territory, being given a new opportunity, and gain insight; (2) experiences during EECP sessions comprised physical discomfort, need of distraction, and sense of security; (3) experiences between EECP sessions comprised physical changes, socializing, and coordinating everyday life; and (4) experiences after 1 course of EECP treatment comprised improved physical well-being, improved mental well-being, and maintaining angina in check.

Conclusions:
Enhanced external counterpulsation was perceived as an unknown treatment option among these patients with RAP. Nurses should emphasize education before and during treatment based on individualized care needs to improve knowledge and treatment experience, as well as prevent discomfort. There is a great need to increase the awareness of EECP among healthcare professionals because it can improve the life situation for patients with RAP.
Trends of Polypharmacy and Prescription Patterns of Antidepressants in Asia
Authors: Huang Cho-Yin , Yang Shu-Yu , Mojtabai Ramin , Lin Shu-Ku , He Yan-Ling , Chong Mian-Yoon , Ungvari Gabor , Tan Chay-Hoon , Xiang Yu-Tao , Sartorius Norman , Shinfuku Naotaka , Chen Lian-Yu 
Published: September 2018

Abstract

Purpose
Little is known regarding the trend of polypharmacy in Asia. We used data from 5 Asian countries to examine the patterns of antidepressant (AD) prescription and trends of psychotropic polypharmacy over time.

Methods
We used the cross-sectional, pharmacoepidemiological data from 2004 and 2013 REAP-AD (Research on Asian Psychotropic Prescription Patterns for Antidepressants) to examine the patterns of AD prescriptions in clinical settings in China, Japan, Korea, Singapore, and Taiwan. We compared the trend in polypharmacy (ie, concomitant use of ≥2 classes of psychotropic) among individuals receiving AD prescriptions in 2004 and 2013 using multivariable logistic regression models in different diagnostic categories.

Results
The proportion of patients with psychotropic polypharmacy decreased from 2004 to 2013 in all 3 diagnostic categories, including mood disorders (adjusted odds ratio [aOR], 0.44 [0.35–0.56]; P < 0.001), anxiety disorders (aOR, 0.58 [0.36–0.94]; P = 0.028), and psychotic disorders (aOR, 0.18 [0.05–0.60]; P = 0.006). Among individuals with AD prescriptions, concomitant use of anxiolytics (including sedative-hypnotics) decreased in patients with mood disorders (aOR, 0.34 [0.27–0.42]; P < 0.001) and anxiety disorders (aOR, 0.43 [0.27–0.67]; P < 0.001). In contrast, concomitant use of antipsychotics in patients with mood disorders increased (aOR, 1.43 [1.15–1.77]; P = 0.001), and concomitant use of mood stabilizers in patients with psychotic disorders also increased (aOR, 3.49 [1.50–8.14]; P = 0.004).

Conclusions
This is the first study examining trends in psychotropic polypharmacy in East Asia. We found a generally decreasing trend of psychotropic polypharmacy in contrast to the increasing trend reported from Western countries. These findings could offer significant implications for health system reform or policy making.