bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A Global Seamless Hybrid Constellation Design Approach with Restricted Ground Supporting for Space Information Network
Authors: Zhang Wei , Wu Tao , Ma Hong , Li Guixin 
Published: July 2019

Abstract
In space information networks, satellites are generally in high speed orbit motion. In order to obtain better spacial and temporal coverage performance, satellites should cooperate with each other as a constellation. Previous works on constellations mainly focus on global seamless coverage using fewer satellites. However, like most countries, it is hard for China to build ground stations in overseas, and the geostationary Earth orbit position resource is scarce. In this paper, we investigate the constellation design problem with restricted ground supporting. We first proposes a “backbone network + enhanced network” hybrid constellation design approach. Then a hybrid “4GEO+5IGSO” constellation is designed using the proposed approach, and the coverage performance of this constellation is analyzed in detail. Simulation results show the proposed approach can realize global seamless coverage only using a small number of satellites. Furthermore, the proposed hybrid constellation meets the coverage demand only relies on ground stations inside China.
Origin and Evolution of Stacked Cut-and-fill Structures On the Southwestern Margin of the Ulleung Basin, East Sea (Japan Sea)
Authors: Park Yongjoon , Yoo Donggeun , Kang Nyeonkeon , Yi Boyeon 
Published: July 2019

AbstractMultichannel seismic reflection profiles and well data were analyzed to unravel the origin and depositional history of stacked cut-and-fill structures (CF) in the southwestern margin of the Ulleung Basin, East Sea. The CFs in a syn-compressional megasequence are characterized by discontinuous, low-amplitude, chaotic, and transparent seismic reflections. They display both U-shaped and V-shaped morphologies along their lengths. The CFs are thickest and widest at the shelf edge and taper both landward and basinward. Based on the stratigraphic position, the CFs are found in three depositional sequences (DS8–DS10). Thirty CFs have been identified that range from 0.5 to 8.8 km in width and 58 to 453 m in thickness (assuming a 2000 m/s seismic velocity of the sediments). The larger and numerous CFs occurred in the middle depositional sequence. Seismic characteristics, spatial distribution, hundred-meter-scale incisions, and high gamma-ray responses indicate that the CFs were caused by submarine canyons. During the period of DS8, small CFs were formed locally on the shelf margin, and were little influenced by the deformation of the thrust-fold (Dolgorae Thrust Belt). Extensive and numerous CFs in DS9 developed in the oversteepened shelf margin, where uplift of both the thrust-fold and anticline (Gorae V structure) occurred simultaneously, and where a large volume of sediment was supplied. During the period of DS10, a general decreasing pattern in the occurrence and dimensions of the CFs resulted from waning tectonic activity of the thrust-fold that reduced sediment supply. Consequently, this study suggests that variation in contractional tectonic activity and sediment supply, associated with the back-arc closure of the East Sea, mainly controlled the evolution of the CFs rather than eustasy.
DNA methylation and expression analyses reveal epialleles for the foliar disease resistance genes in peanut (Arachis hypogaea L.)
Authors: Bhat Ramesh S. , Rockey J. , Shirasawa Kenta , Tilak I. S. , Patil M. P. Brijesh , Lachagari V. B. Reddy 
Published: July 2019

Abstract
Objective
Low DNA sequence polymorphism despite enormous phenotypic variations in peanut indicates the possible role of epigenetic variations. An attempt was made to analyze genome-wide DNA methylation pattern and its influence on gene expression across 11 diverse genotypes of peanut.
Results
The genotypes were subjected to bisulfite sequencing after 21 days of sowing (DAS). CHG regions showed the highest (3,05,37,376) of DNA methylation followed by CpG (3,03,56,066) and CHH (1,59,93,361) across 11 genotypes. The B sub-genome exhibited higher DNA methylation sites (4,62,94,063) than the A sub-genome (3,04,15,166). Overall, the DNA methylation was more frequent in inter-genic regions than in the genic regions. A few genes showed altered methylation and expression between the parent and its EMS-derived mutant. Foliar disease resistant genotypes showed significant differential DNA methylation at 766 sites corresponding to 25 genes. Of them, two genes (Arahy.1XYC2X on chromosome 01 and Arahy.00Z2SH on chromosome 17) coding for senescence-associated protein showed differential expression with resistant genotypes recording higher fragments per kilobase of transcript per million mapped reads (FPKM). Overall, the study indicated the variation in the DNA methylation pattern among the diverse genotypes of peanut and its influence of gene expression, indicating the application of these epialleles in peanut breeding.
Magnitude of Enteropathogens and Associated Factors Among Apparently Health Food Handlers at Wolkite University Student’s Cafeteria, Wolkite, South Ethiopia
Authors: Bafa Temesgen Abera , Muktar Ebrahim , Haile Adimasu 
Published: July 2019

Abstract
Abstract
Objectives: The study aimed to assess enteropathogens carriage rate, and risk factors among apparently healthy food handlers at Wolkite University cafeteria, South Ethiopia.
Results: Cross-sectional study was conducted among 170 food handlers to collect socio-demographic and related data by using structured questionnaires. Stool samples were collected and subjected to microscopic examination and cultured to determine intestinal parasites. Among the total study participants, 66% of them were found to be carriers of enteropathogens: bacteria (Salmonella typhi, Shigella species), and intestinal parasites (Ascaris lumbricoides,Taenia species, Giardia lamblia, Entameoba histolytica/dispar, Enterobius vermicularis, Hook worm and Trichuris trichiura. All Salmonella and Shigella isolates were sensitive to ceftriaxone, ciprofloxacin, and gentamicin. Age, job description, non medical checkup and hand washing practice before food preparation have a significant association with eneropathogens. Significant proportion of food handlers was found to be carriers of pathogens which require a periodic screening and antibiotic consumption monitoring.
Keywords: Food handlers, Intestinal parasites, Salmonella, Shigella
An automated high throughput solution for DNA extraction and bisulfite-conversion from high volume liquid biopsy specimens – sample preparation for epigenetic analysis
Authors: Rausch Sebastian , Hasinger Oliver , König Thomas , Schlegel Anne , Weiss Gunter 
Published: July 2019

Abstract
Objective:
DNA methylation analysis via real-time PCR or other analytical techniques requires purified bisulfite converted DNA. We report on an automated high throughput solution for DNA extraction, bisulfite-conversion, and purification of 96 samples with an input volume of up to 3.5mL of plasma or urine, using reagents from the commercially available Epi BisKit.
Results:
Magnetic bead-based DNA extraction, bisulfite conversion at high temperature, and efficient DNA purification was conducted on a customized commercially available liquid-handling platform. A highly interlaced 4x24 sample protocol was implemented for DNA extraction, elution in a 96-well plate, efficient bisulfite-conversion and extensive purification. The resulting bisulfite-converted DNA was stored in a 96-well format, ready for PCR set-up or other down-stream applications. The automated method is a walk-away solution for processing 96 samples in 7h30min.
Performance of the method was validated by comparison with the standard manual method of the Epi BiSKit using technical and biological samples. Overall DNA yield was assessed with a standardized ß-actin assay.
The automated workflow demonstrated equivalent performance to the manual method for technical, plasma and urine samples. It may provide a new standard for effective high-throughput preparation of bisulfite-converted DNA from a variety of high volume liquid biopsy specimens.
A novel thermo- ethanol tolerant Acetobacter okinawensis KBMNS-IAUF-1 isolated from Iranian nectarine as a potential for nectarine vinegar production in food biotechnology
Authors: Beheshti-Maal Keivan , Shafiee Noushin 
Published: July 2019

Abstract
Background

Recently production of several types of vinegar using new strains of acetic acid bacteria is challenging.

Results

In this research we isolated a new strain of A. okinawensis from Iranian nectarine we obtained from nectarine garden at Isfahan, Iran. According to 16s-rDNA molecular analysis we named that Acetobacter okinawensis strain KBMNS-IAUF-1 and its partial 16s-rDNA sequence was deposited in GenBank, NCBI under the accession number of MG544095.1. The tolerance of A. okinawensis KBMNS-IAUF-1 against ethanol concentrations of 2%-10% and high temperatures of 34-38°C was investigated. This strain had good growth and acid production in 2%-5% ethanol at high temperature of 38°C and as a thermo-tolerant AAB had good growth in 5% ethanol at 38°C. Also produced 6% acetic acid in an economical industrial culture medium at high temperature of 38°C using a fermentor apparatus we designed for vinegar production.

Conclusions

This is the first report of isolation and identification of Acetobacter okinawensis KBMNS-IAUF-1 from Iranian nectarine as a high thermo- ethanol- tolerant AAB capable of high acetic acid production in a short period of time and is a very good candidate for production of a new type of vinegar, nectarine vinegar, in high temperatures and ethanol concentrations. The thermo- ethanol-tolerant AAB as potential for production of new types of vinegar with suitable flavor could be an asset in food microbiology as well as industrial biotechnology.
Phytoremediation effect of Medicago sativa colonized by Piriformospora indica in the phenanthrene and cadmium co-contaminated soil
Authors: Li Liang , Zhu Pengyue , Wang Xiaoyang , Zhang Zhenhua 
Published: July 2019

Abstract
Background:Coexistence of polycylic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) and heavy metals deleteriously threatens the quality of environmental health. Few reports uncover the mechanism of inoculation plants with Piriformospora indica for remediating PAH-metal co-contaminated soil by analyzing the chemical speciations of contaminants. This study investigated the influence of inoculation Medicago sativa with Piriformospora indica to remediate phenanthrene (kind of PAHs), and cadmium (one of heavy metals) co-contaminated soil by analyzing the plant growth, physiological parameters and chemical speciation in rhizospheric and non-rhizospheric soil.
Results:The presence of P. indica significantly increased plants tolerance, Chlorophyll a, Chlorophyll b, maximum quantum efficiency of PSII photochemistry and electron transport rate values in phenanthrene and/or cadmium contaminated soil. P. indica inoculation in M. sativa root increased fluorescein diacetate activities in phenanthrene, cadmium and both of that co-contaminated soil, especially in non-rhezospheric soil. The presence of phenanthrene hindered the inoculated plant from accumulating cadmium to some extent; Whereas the presence of cadmium did not hinder the degradation of phenanthrene in both rhizospheric and non-rhizospheric soil after P. indica colonization. Although the poor bioavailability of cadmium in rhizospheric soil restricted the transportation into stem, P. indica colonization in plant efficiently increased cadmium accumulation in root in cadmium and phenanthrene co-contaminated soil.
Conclusions: In conclusion, the work provides the theoretical basis that Piriformospora indica combined with Medicago sativa contributed to the remediation of PAH-Metal co-contaminated soil.
Assessment of Respiratory Symptoms Among cleaners in Governmental Hospitals in Addis Ababa, Ethiopia; Comparative Cross-sectional study
Authors: Getahun Biruk , Haile Diresibachew W. , Demeke Dessalegn , Birhan Mekuriaw Mesfine , Tadele Tigist , Ayalew Abebe 
Published: July 2019

Abstract
Objective

Respiratory disorders are the most common occupational diseases. Occupational exposures to dust, fumes, chemicals and gases are associated with increased prevalence of respiratory symptoms. Although cleaning represents a significant part of the working population worldwide, it is a relatively understudied occupation and respiratory health of professional cleaners in hospitals have not been significantly addressed in Ethiopia. The aim of this study was to assess the respiratory symptoms of cleaners working in hospital setting. A comparative cross sectional study design was employed on 140 study participants. The study was composed of 70 cleaners and 70 control subjects. Respiratory symptoms were assessed using standardized questionnaire. The data was coded, entered, cleaned and analyzed using SPSS version 20.

Results

Prevalence of dry cough, productive cough, wheezing, breathlessness and chest pain for cleaners was higher than the control group. Cleaners had odds of wheezing 2.05 times (OR 2.05, 95% CI: 0.77-5.50) than the controls. The odds of dry cough among cleaners was 4.7 times than among non-cleaners which was the most prevalent respiratory symptom. Based on the study the risk of developing respiratory symptoms were higher among cleaners than controls (p<0.05 to dry cough and breathlessness).
Development of microsatellite markers for the Japanese endemic conifer Thuja standishii and transfer to other East Asian species
Authors: Worth James Raymond Peter , Chang K. S. , Ha Y.-H. , Qin Aili 
Published: July 2019

Abstract
Objective

Design polymorphic microsatellite loci that will be useful for studies of the genetic diversity, structure and reproduction in the Japanese endemic conifer Thuja standishii and test the transferability of these loci to the two other East Asian species, T. sutchuenensis and T. koraiensis.

Results

Fifteen loci were developed which displayed 3 to 21 alleles per locus (average = 9.2) among 97 samples from three populations of T. standishii . Observed heterozygosity for all samples varied between 0.33-0.75 (average 0.54) while expected heterozygosity values were higher with an average over the 15 loci of 0.62 (0.37-0.91). Low multi-locus probability of identity values (< 0.00001) indicate that these markers will be effective for identifying individuals derived from clonal reproduction. All 15 loci amplified in T. sutchuenensis, the sister species of T. standishii, with 1 to 11 alleles per locus (average = 4.33) while 13 loci amplified in the more distantly related T. koraiensis with 1 to 5 alleles per locus (average = 2.15).
Agrobacterium-mediated transient transformation of sorghum leaves for accelerating functional genomics and genome editing studies.
Authors: Sharma Rita , Liang Yan , Lee Mi Yeon , Pidatala Venkataramana , Mortimer Jennifer Charlotte , Scheller Henrik Vibe 
Published: July 2019

Abstract
Objectives
Sorghum is one of the most recalcitrant species for transformation. Considering the time and effort required for stable transformation in sorghum, establishing a transient system to screen the efficiency and full functionality of vector constructs is highly desirable.
Results
Here, we report an Agrobacterium-mediated transient transformation assay with intact sorghum leaves using green fluorescent protein as marker. It also provides a good monocot alternative to tobacco and protoplast assays with a direct, native and more reliable system for testing single guide RNA (sgRNA) expression construct efficiency. Given the simplicity and ease of transformation, high reproducibility, and ability to test large constructs, this method can be widely adopted to speed up functional genomic and genome editing studies.
Clinical significance of cough intensity and frequency in patients with interstitial lung disease: a cross-sectional study
Authors: Sato Ryuhei , Handa Tomohiro , Matsumoto Hisako , Kubo Takeshi , Hirai Toyohiro 
Published: July 2019

Abstract
Background

The intensity and frequency of cough remain unclear in interstitial lung disease (ILD). The aim of this study was to evaluate the intensity and frequency of cough in idiopathic interstitial pneumonias (IIPs), connective tissue disease-associated interstitial lung disease (CTD-ILD), and chronic hypersensitivity pneumonia (CHP), and examine their associations with clinical indices.

Methods

In this cross-sectional study, the intensity and frequency of cough were evaluated using a 100-mm visual analogue scale. Scores on the Leicester Cough Questionnaire, chronic dyspnoea scale, and a frequency scale for symptoms of gastro-oesophageal reflux disease (FSSG) were collected. The correlations of cough intensity and frequency with potential predictor variables were tested using bivariate and multiple logistic regression analysis.

Results

The study included 70 patients with IIPs, 49 with CTD-ILD, and 10 with CHP. Patients with IIPs had the most severe cough intensity among the three patient groups. In patients with IIPs, both the intensity and frequency of cough were negatively associated with diffusing capacity of the lung for carbon monoxide and positively with the Composite Physiologic Index (CPI). In CTD-ILD, both the intensity and frequency of cough correlated with a higher FSSG score. In multivariate analysis of patients with ILD, IIPs and the FSSG score was independently associated with both components of cough, and CPI tended to be independently associated with cough frequency alone. Finally, we examined the features of differences between cough intensity and frequency in all patients with ILD. Patients in whom cough frequency was predominant had greater impairment of health status relative to other patients.

Conclusions

The intensity of cough was greater in IIPs than in other ILDs. Different clinical indices were associated with cough intensity and frequency according to the subtype of ILD. The frequency of cough was more strongly associated with health status than was the intensity of cough. These findings suggest that medical staff could manage patients with ILD by considering cough-related factors when assessing the intensity and frequency of cough.
Clinical governance as professional self-reflection: A cross-sectional study assessing the quality of COPD care in German general practice
Authors: Heinmüller Stefan , Frank Luca , Höfle Anina , Langer Michael , Saggau Korbinian , Schedlbauer Angela , Kühlein Thomas 
Published: July 2019

Abstract
BACKGROUND
In the United Kingdom, a system of clinical governance (CG) which was introduced “top-down” by politics tries to ensure high quality health services. In general practice, the meeting of quality targets was linked to financial incentives causing several negative effects. In Germany CG is not established. We advocate a “bottom-up” CG for German general practice to avoid these negative effects.

AIMS
To test “bottom-up” CG within a network of general practices (GPN) using chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) as example disease. As a first step, we wanted to assess the current care quality of the GPN for COPD. Furthermore, feasibility of a care quality assessment through routine data from electronic health records (EHR) should be evaluated.

METHODS
A cross-sectional study was conducted. Quality indicators (QI) were developed according to COPD guidelines. COPD patients of the GPN ≥40 years were identified. For the determination of QI, data were retrieved from EHR.

RESULTS
In total, 2568 COPD patients were identified. Their mean age was 67 (SD±12) years, 49% were male. Thirty-five percent had a parallel diagnosis of asthma. There was no documentation of any spirometry for 54% of patients, 29% had a spirometry within the previous year. An influenza vaccination was administered to 37% within the preceding twelve months, 12% received a pneumococcal vaccination in the last six years. Smoking status was documented for 44% within the last year. Several QI were not assessable.

CONCLUSION
Care quality assessment by means of EHR data was challenging due to non-standardized documentation. Assessable QI indicated suboptimal COPD care. Our results confirm the need for CG in German general practice and better EHR softwares supporting CG through structured documentation and feedback for GPs. We are planning to proceed with “bottom-up” CG by introducing quality improvement measures within the GPN in answer to this study.
Safety of the Anterior Approach Versus the Lateral Approach for Chest Tube Insertion by Residents Treating Spontaneous Pneumothorax: A Propensity Score Weighted Analysis
Authors: Shiroshita Akihiro , Matsui Hiroki , Yoshida Kazuki , Shiraishi Atsushi , Tanaka Yu , Nakashima Kei , Aoshima Masahiro 
Published: July 2019

Abstract
Background

Chest tube malposition (i.e., failure in inserting a chest tube to the functional sites) is the most common complication during chest tube insertion. Chest tube insertion into the thoracic cavity generally involves two approaches: the anterior approach and the lateral approach. To our knowledge, no report has compared the safety of the anterior approach with that of the lateral approach. In the present study, we compared the risk of chest tube malposition with the anterior or lateral approach for thoracostomy performed for patients with spontaneous pneumothorax by junior and senior residents.

Methods

We retrospectively included patients aged ≥20 years who exhibited primary or secondary spontaneous pneumothorax without pleural adhesion and underwent chest tube drainage performed by junior or senior residents at tertiary care hospital. We collected data on the patients’ age, sex, and body mass index (BMI); setting of chest tube insertion; department where the chest tube was inserted; and other relevant background information. The study exposure involved insertion of the chest tube in the midclavicular line (anterior approach) or the anterior or midaxillary line (lateral approach). The primary outcome was the number of chest tube malpositions. Multiple imputation was used for missing data. The propensity score within each imputed dataset was calculated by using the collected variables. The inverse probability of treatment weighting (IPTW) method was used to adjust for baseline confounders.

Results

We identified 34 and 219 patients who underwent thoracostomy using the midclavicular and lateral approaches, respectively. IPTW analysis revealed that the estimated odds ratio for chest tube malposition in the anterior approach group versus the lateral approach group was 0.61 (95% confidence interval, 0.17–2.11).

Conclusions

In patients being treated for primary or secondary pneumothorax by junior or senior residents, the risk of chest tube malposition in thoracostomies performed using the midclavicular approach may not be lower than that in thoracostomies performed using the lateral approach.