bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Stable Carbon–Selenium Bonds for Enhanced Performance in Tremella‐Like 2D Chalcogenide Battery Anode
Authors: Li Yu , Xu Yahong , Wang Zhaohua , Bai Ying , Zhang Kai , Dong Ruiqi , Gao Yaning , Ni Qiao , Wu Feng , Liu Yijin , Wu Chuan 
Published: June 2018

Abstract2D cobalt selenide based on conversion reaction has attracted much attention due to its open layered structure and high specific capacity. However, effectively suppressing the fast capacity fade caused by the irreversible Se dissolution and serious volume change during the cycling process is still a challenge. Herein, the concentration of dispersion liquid under supercritical conditions is tuned to induce the CoSe crystal to grow along the graphene oxide (GO), and finally obtain the Tremella‐like CoSe–reduced GO (rGO) hybrid. The nature of epitaxial growth leads to the formation of stable CSe bonds, which maintain a favorable conductive connection between CoSe and rGO as well as enhance the mechanical strength of active materials to suppress Se dissolution and volume expansion during Na/Li intercalation and deintercalation. The unique microstructural merits of the hybrid result in superior sodium/lithium storage performance (400.8 mAh g−1 at 1 A g−1 after 100 cycles for sodium‐ion batteries and 769.6 mAh g−1 at 2 A g−1 after 500 cycles for lithium‐ion batteries). Moreover, the transmission X‐ray microscopy technique is first used to directly observe the Se segregation in cobalt selenide and it being suppressed by the CSe bonds.
Light‐Driven BiVO4–C Fuel Cell with Simultaneous Production of H2O2
Authors: Shi Xinjian , Zhang Yirui , Siahrostami Samira , Zheng Xiaolin 
Published: June 2018

AbstractPhotoelectrochemical (PEC) systems have been researched for decades due to their great promise to convert sunlight to fuels. The majority of the research on PEC has been using light to split water to hydrogen and oxygen, and its performance is limited by the need of additional bias. Another research direction on PEC using light, is to decompose organic materials while producing electricity. In this work, the authors report a new type of unassisted PEC system that uses light, water and oxygen to simultaneously produce electricity and hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) on both the photoanode and cathode, which is essentially a light‐driven fuel cell with H2O2 as the main product at the two electrodes, meanwhile achieving a maximum power density of 0.194 mW cm‐2, an open circuit voltage of 0.61 V, and a short circuit current density of 1.09 mA cm‐2. The electricity output can be further used as a sign for cell function when accompanied by a detector such as a light‐emitting diode (LED) light or a multimeter. This is the first work that shows H2O2 two‐side generation with a strict key factors study of the system, with a clear demonstration of electricity output ability using low‐cost earth abundant materials on both sides, which represents an exciting new direction for PEC systems.
Highly Efficient and Stable Perovskite Solar Cells Using a Dopant‐Free Inexpensive Small Molecule as the Hole‐Transporting Material
Authors: Li Yong , Scheel Kyle R. , Clevenger Robert G. , Shou Wan , Pan Heng , Kilway Kathleen V. , Peng Zhonghua 
Published: June 2018

AbstractThe hole transporting layer (HTL) plays an important role in realizing efficient and stable perovskite solar cells (PSCs). In spite of intensive research efforts toward the development of HTL materials, low‐cost, dopant‐free hole transporting materials that lead to efficient and stable PSCs remain elusive. Herein, a simple polycyclic heteroaromatic hydrocarbon‐based small molecule, 2,5,9,12‐tetra(tert‐butyl)diacenaphtho[1,2‐b:1′,2′‐d]thiophenen, as an efficient HTL material in PSCs is presented. This molecule is easy to synthesize and inexpensive. It is hydrophobic and exhibits excellent film‐forming properties on perovskites. It has unusually high hole mobility and a desirable highest occupied molecular orbital energy level, making it an ideal HTL material. PSCs fabricated using both the n‐i‐p planar and mesoscopic architectures with this compound as the HTL show efficiencies as high as 15.59% and 18.17%, respectively, with minimal hysteresis and high long term stability under ambient conditions.
Microwave‐assisted sintering synthesis of greenish‐yellow emitting Sr2SiO4:Eu2+ phosphors
Authors: Lee Woo Cheol , Park Jin Young , Yang Hyun Kyoung , Kwak Minseok , Moon Byung Kee , Jang Ki‐Wan 
Published: June 2018

AbstractEuropium ion (Eu2+) doped Sr2SiO4 phosphors with greenish‐yellow emission were synthesized using microwave‐assisted sintering. The phase structure and photoluminescence (PL) properties of the obtained phosphor samples were investigated. The PL excitation spectra of the Sr2SiO4:Eu2+ phosphors exhibited a broad band in the range of 260 nm to 485 nm with a maximum at 361 nm attributed to the 5f‐4d allowed transition of the Eu2+ ions. Under an excitation at 361 nm, the Sr2SiO4:Eu2+ phosphor exhibited a greenish‐yellow emission peak at 541 nm with an International‐Commission‐on‐Illumination (CIE) chromaticity of (0.3064, 0.4772). The results suggest that the microwave‐assisted sintering method is promising for the synthesis of phosphors owing to the decreased sintering time without the use of additional reductive agents.
Nexus of public spending and gross domestic products (GDP) growth in the agricultural sector: Evidence from Nigerian and Malaysian agricultural sector (1976–2016)
Authors: Apata Temidayo , Awoniyi Olugbenga , Ogunjimi Sunday , Igbalajobi Olabisi 
Published: June 2018

AbstractNigeria and Malaysia are the same level in terms of economic growth in the 1960s; Malaysia has now progress in economic growth than Nigeria. The study examines public spending in Malaysia and Nigeria and specify lessons from Malaysian growth indices for Nigeria. Secondary data used was obtained from FAOSTAT and International data center from 1976 to 2016. Simple version of endogenous growth theory model was used. Random effects model results indicated that Nigeria public‐expenditure (PUEXP) and intervention variables were significant but negative, whereas enterprise‐development, drivers of development (DRIVERS), and Dummy for modest PUEXP access (D1t) were significant but positive. Similarly, three variables were significant and positive at difference rank of significance, also Dummies D1t and D2t (macroeconomic stability) were significant in Malaysia. PUEXP and gross domestic product growth has an inverse relationship in Nigeria and direct relationship in Malaysia. Malaysia over the four decades recorded modest PUEXP and witnessed macroeconomic stability among other growth indices; these are the growth indices Nigeria must learn from Malaysia.
A novel chemotherapeutic protocol for peritoneal metastasis and inhibition of relapse in drug resistant ovarian cancer
Authors: Sarkar Siddik , Malekshah Obeid M. , Nomani Alireza , Patel Niket , Hatefi Arash 
Published: June 2018

AbstractThe majority of ovarian cancer patients are diagnosed in late stages of the disease, in which the tumor cells have leaked into the peritoneum and are present as tumorspheres. These tumorspheres are rich in cancer stem‐like cells (CSCs), which are resistant to therapy and are a major source of relapse. The purpose of this research was to identify a safe therapeutic approach that could eradicate the peritoneal CSC‐rich tumorspheres and inhibit relapse. Highly metastatic ascitic cells (OVASC‐1) that are resistant to standard‐of‐care chemotherapy due to upregulation of MDR1 gene were obtained from a patient with ovarian carcinoma and recurrent disease. CSC‐rich tumorspheres were generated, characterized, and treated with different chemotherapeutics. The most effective drug combination that could eradicate tumorspheres at nanomolar levels despite upregulation of MDR1 gene was identified. Luciferase‐expressing OVASC‐1 cells were implanted in the peritoneum of nude mice and treated with the identified drug combination. The progression of disease, response to therapy and recurrence were studied by quantitative imaging. Toxicity to abdominal tissues was studied by histopathology. Mice implanted with intraperitoneal (IP) OVASC‐1 xenografts showed limited response to combination therapy with cisplatin/paclitaxel at the maximum tolerated dose. Despite overexpression of MDR1 on OVASC‐1 cells, mice treated with our combination IP low‐dose MMAE and SN‐38 chemotherapy showed complete response without relapse. No signs of toxicity to abdominal tissues were observed. While MMAE and SN‐38 are not administered as free drugs due to their high potency and potential for systemic toxicity, our low‐dose localized therapy approach effectively restricted the cytotoxic effects to the tumor cells in the peritoneum. Consequently, maximum efficacy with minimal adverse effects was achieved. These remarkable results with IP low‐dose combination chemotherapy encourage investigation into its potential clinical application as either first‐line therapy or in cases of acquired resistance to cisplatin and paclitaxel.
Combinatorial Synthesis of New Pyrimidine‐ and Purine‐β‐d‐Ribonucleoside Nucleolipids: Their Distribution Between Aqueous and Organic Phases and Their In Vitro Activity Against Human‐ and Rat Glioblastoma Cells In Vitro
Authors: Hammerbacher Katharina , Görtemaker Katharina , Knies Christine , Bender Eugenia , Bonaterra Gabriel A. , Rosemeyer Helmut , Kinscherf Ralf 
Published: June 2018

Two series of nucleolipids, O‐2′,3′‐heptanylidene‐ as well as O‐2′,3′‐undecanylidene ketals of six β‐d‐ribonucleosides (type A) and partly N‐farnesyl derivatives thereof (type B) were prepared in a combinatorial manner. All novel compounds were characterized by elemental analysis and/or ESI mass spectrometry and by UV‐, 1H‐, and 13C‐NMR spectroscopy. Conformational parameters of the nucleosides and nucleolipids were calculated from various 3J(H,H), 3J(1H,13C), and 5J(F,H) coupling constants. For a drug profiling, the parent nucleosides and their lipophilic derivatives were studied with respect to their distribution (log P) between water and n‐octanol as well as water and cyclohexane. From these data, qualitative conclusions were drawn concerning their possible blood‐brain barrier passage efficiency. Moreover, nucleolipids were characterized by their molecular descriptor amphiphilic ratio (a.r.), which describes the balance between the hydrophilicity of the nucleoside headgroup and the lipophilicity of the lipid tail. All compounds were investigated in vitro with respect to their cytostatic/cytotoxic activity toward human glioblastoma (GOS 3) as well as rat malignant neuroectodermal BT4Ca cell lines in vitro. In order to differentiate between anticancer and side‐effects of the novel nucleolipids, they were also studied on their activity on differentiated human THP‐1 macrophages.
Phenol Catalytic Hydrogenation over Palladium Nanoparticles Supported on Metal‐Organic Frameworks in the Aqueous Phase
Authors: Chen Hao , He Yulian , Pfefferle Lisa D. , Pu Weihua , Wu Yulong , Qi Suitao 
Published: June 2018

AbstractThe front cover artwork for issue 12/2018 is provided by Xi'an Jiaotong University and Tsinghua University (China). The image illustrates the different reaction barriers that must be overcome in the phenol hydrogenation to either cyclohexanol or cyclohexanone. See the Full Paper itself at https://doi.org/10.1002/cctc.201800211.
Facile Conversion of Radish to Nitrogen‐Doped Mesoporous Carbon as Effective Metal‐Free Oxygen Reduction Electrocatalysts
Authors: Wang Yu , Jin Xu , Pan Ying , Li Jianming , Guo Ningning , Wang Runwei 
Published: June 2018

AbstractAn activation step is essential for yielding nitrogen‐doped mesoporous carbon (NMCs) oxygen reduction reaction (ORR) electrocatalysts from biomass. Though many solely KOH or ZnCl2 activated carbon materials have been synthesized with fine ORR activity, there a deep discussion of activated‐carbon‐based electrocatalysts obtained from different activation processes is still lacking. In this paper, we systemically compare radish‐derived NMCs that underwent different activation processes, and reveal the relationship between structure and activity of these activated carbons. We showed that though ZnCl2 is not an effective porogen compared with KOH, owing to a more open pore structure along with effective preservation of nitrogen heteroatoms, ZnCl2 assisted activated carbon could show significantly improved ORR activity, with an onset potential of 0.91 V (vs. RHE), close to benchmark Pt/C catalysts and even better extended operation stability and stronger tolerance to methanol crossover compared with commercial Pt/C catalysts. Thus we proved that ZnCl2 assisted activation is better than exclusively self‐activation or KOH assisted activation in preparing biomass‐derived ORR catalysts.
Dimmable integrated CMOS LED driver based on a resonant DC/DC hybrid‐switched capacitor converter
Authors: Castellanos Juan C. , Turhan M. , Hendrix Marcel A.M. , van Roermund Arthur , Cantatore Eugenio 
Published: June 2018

SummaryThis paper presents a 7.7‐mm2 on‐chip LED driver based on a DC/DC resonant hybrid‐switched capacitor converter operating in the MHz range with and without output capacitor. The converter operation allows continuously dimming the LED while keeping control on both peak and average current. Also, it features no flickering even in the absence of output capacitor and for light dimmed down to 10% of the nominal value. The capacitors and switches of the LED driver are integrated on a single IC die fabricated in a low‐cost 5 V 0.18‐μm bulk CMOS technology. This LED driver uses a small (0.7 mm2) inductor of 100 nH, which is 10 times smaller value than prior art integrated inductive LED drivers, still showing a competitive peak efficiency of 93% and achieving a power density of 0.26 W/mm2 (0.34 W/mm3).
Is fish embryo test (FET) according to OECD 236 sensible enough for delivering quality data for effluent risk assessment?
Authors: Stelzer Julio Alberto Alegre , Rosin Catiusa Kuchak , Bauer Luana Hainzenreder , Hartmann Marilia , Pulgati Fernando Hepp , Arenzon Alexandre 
Published: June 2018

Abstract

Over the past few years, the fish embryo test (FET) has become widely accepted as an animal-friendly protocol for ecotoxicological research. As Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD) 236, the FET has been widely applied for simple mixture exposures under the Registration, Evaluation, Authorisation, and Restriction of Chemicals regulation of the European Union; and now its use is spreading worldwide as a supposedly reliable whole-effluent test (i.e., the testing of complex mixture exposures). However, comparative peer-reviewed data regarding the FET's efficiency for whole-effluent tests are virtually nonexistent. The primary objective of the present study was to make the first comparative test between the FET according to OECD 236 and other standard and slightly modified standard fish protocols used worldwide for whole-effluent tests. For that, we used an untreated hospital effluent considered to be highly toxic but disposed of in municipal sewerage. The base methods were OECD 203 (juvenile), US Environmental Protection Agency method 2000.0 (larvae), and OECD 236 (embryo). We also evaluated the addition of 3 virtually costless sublethal metrics (immobility, nonhatching, and pericardial edema) that could enhance the sensitivity of OECD 236. We observed acute toxicity in all 8 methodologies tested, with a clear escalation in sensitivity (larvae &gt; juvenile ≥ embryo). Larvae were the most sensitive life stage for whole-effluent tests. The addition of sublethal metrics to OECD 236 enhanced its previous sensitivity in over 30%. Thus we conclude that OECD 236 acts below its potential and that the embryonic stage (as used in the FET) may not be the most sensitive life stage for whole-effluent tests. Environ Toxicol Chem 2018;37:2925–2932. © 2018 SETAC
Indirect inference with time series observed with error
Authors: Rossi Eduardo , Santucci de Magistris Paolo 
Published: June 2018

SummaryWe propose the indirect inference estimator as a consistent method to estimate the parameters of a structural model when the observed series are contaminated by measurement error by considering the noise as a structural feature. We show that the indirect inference estimates are asymptotically biased if the error is neglected. When the condition for identification is satisfied, the structural and measurement error parameters can be consistently estimated. The issues of identification and misspecification of measurement error are discussed in detail. We illustrate the reliability of this procedure in the estimation of stochastic volatility models based on realized volatility measures contaminated by microstructure noise.
Handheld surface‐enhanced Raman scattering identification of dye chemical composition in felt‐tip pen drawings
Authors: Saviello Daniela , Di Gioia Alexandra , Turenne Pierre‐Ives , Trabace Maddalena , Giorgi Rodorico , Mirabile Antonio , Baglioni Piero , Iacopino Daniela 
Published: June 2018

AbstractA handheld Raman spectrometer is used for the first time to perform surface‐enhanced Raman scattering (SERS) analysis of felt‐tip pen drawings on paper. The use of SERS combined with near‐infrared excitation wavelength allows overcoming the strong fluorescence background interference so that diagnostic spectra are obtained from drawings made by 18 pens of 10 different colors and five different brands. The analysis reveals that often mixtures of two or more dyes are used by pen manufactures in order to obtain the desired color hue and also that same colors from different pen brands often display different dye composition. Handheld SERS is also used for revealing the dye content of historical felt tip pens extensively used by the Italian film director Federico Fellini. The results from this work open the way to the use of handheld instrumentation for analysis of ink‐based art works and documents and also provide a starting point towards the creation of a reference SERS database for dye identification.
An Asymmetric Furan/Thieno[3,2‐b]Thiophene Diketopyrrolopyrrole Building Block for Annealing‐Free Green‐Solvent Processable Organic Thin‐Film Transistors
Authors: Ding Shang , Ni Zhenjie , Hu Mengxiao , Qiu Gege , Li Jie , Ye Jun , Zhang Xiaotao , Liu Feng , Dong Huanli , Hu Wenping 
Published: June 2018

AbstractA new asymmetric furan and thieno[3,2‐b]thiophene flanked diketopyrrolopyrrole (TTFDPP) building block for conjugated polymers is designed and used to generate a donor–acceptor semiconducting polymer, poly[3‐(furan‐2‐yl)‐2,5‐bis(2‐octyldodecyl)‐6‐(thieno[3,2‐b]thiophen‐2‐yl)pyrrolo[3,4‐c]pyrrole‐1,4(2H,5H)‐dione‐alt‐thieno[3,2‐b]thiophene] (abbreviated to PTTFDPP‐TT), consisting of TTFDPP unit copolymerized with thieno[3,2‐b]thiophene comonomer (TT), which is further synthesized. Results demonstrate that PTTFDPP‐TT‐based thin‐film transistors in a bottom‐gate bottom‐contact device configuration exhibit typical hole‐transporting property, with weak temperature dependence for charge carrier mobility from room temperature to 200 °C. In addition, the good solubility of PTTFDPP‐TT due to the incorporation of a polar furan unit and an asymmetric conjugated structure makes it able to be solution processed with a less toxic nonchlorinated solvent such as toluene, demonstrating comparable performance with that prepared from chlorinated solution. These results suggest PTTFDPP‐TT as a promising organic semiconductor candidate for annealing‐free, environmentally benign, and less energy‐consuming applications in large‐area flexible organic electronic devices.
Hyperbranched poly (ester) s for delivery of small molecule therapeutics
Authors: Zhang Tracy , Howell Bob A. , Zhang Daniel , Zhu Brandon , Smith Patrick B. 
Published: June 2018

The development of molecular platforms for sustained release of actives is important for both veterinary and personal care applications. A time release platform composed of hyperbranched poly (ester) s (HBPEs) derived from glycerol, a trifunctional bio‐alcohol, and adipic acid, a difunctional bio‐acid, can be readily generated and conjugated with active agents for sustained delivery. The HBPE delivery platform is composed of very inexpensive building blocks that are on the FDA's Generally Regarded As Safe list. Two such active agents, 2‐undecanone and salicylic acid, have been covalently bonded to the HBPE and evaluated for sustained release. 2‐Undecanone is an effective, naturally occurring mosquito repellent, but due to its volatility, it must be reapplied every 15 to 30 minutes. The duration of the effectiveness of 2‐undecanone is enhanced by a sustained release formulation. Salicylic acid and derivatives are widely used for treatment of acne and inflammation, but it causes irritation if dosed at too high a level. A time‐release formulation of salicylic acid would reduce irritation as well as lengthen the duration of its effectiveness. Both actives were covalently bonded to the HBPE and shown to release over time by hydrolysis, either chemically or enzymatically. Moreover, their time release profiles were shown to be a function of composition, catalyst and catalyst level, and physical form.
Poly (caprolactone)/poly (ethylene glycol) pervaporation blend membranes: Synthesis, characterization, and performance
Authors: Afsar Faranak , Saljoughi Ehsan , Mousavi Seyed Mahmoud 
Published: June 2018

Poly (caprolactone) membranes with addition of different poly (ethylene glycol) concentrations were prepared for separation of water/isopropanol azeotropic mixture by pervaporation process. Different characterization tests including Fourier transform infrared, scanning electron microscopy, water contact angle, and thermogravimetric analysis were carried out on the prepared membranes. In addition, the effect of poly (ethylene glycol) PEG content on the swelling degree and the performance of the prepared membranes in pervaporation process were investigated. According to the obtained results, all the membranes were water selective and the blend membrane containing 3 wt% PEG exhibited the best pervaporation performance with a water flux of 0.517 kg/m2 hour and separation factor of 1642 at the ambient temperature. Hydrophilicity improvement of the blend membranes was confirmed by constant decrease in water contact angle of the membranes as PEG content increased in the casting solution. Scanning electron microscopy cross‐sectional images indicated that the blend membranes containing PEG had a closed cellular structure. Furthermore, mechanical and thermal properties of the membranes decreased by adding PEG.
Predicting lifetime by degradation tests: A case study of ISO 10995
Authors: Fang Guanqi , Rigdon Steven E. , Pan Rong 
Published: June 2018

AbstractISO 10995 is the international standard for the reliability testing and archival lifetime prediction of optical media. The standard specifies the testing conditions in terms of the combinations of stress variables—temperature and relative humidity. The periodically collected data from tests are the error rate of the device, and failure is defined as the error rate exceeding a predetermined level. The standard assumes that the projected failure time is the actual failure time, and these projected failure times are then analyzed by using an Eyring or Arrhenius model. Since true failure times are often not directly observed, the uncertainties in the failure time must be taken into account. In this paper, we present a hierarchical model for degradation that can directly infer failure time at the use condition and compare this model with the International Standard Organization (ISO) standard through a simulation study. Not accounting for the uncertainty in the projected failure times leads to unjustified confidence in the estimation for the median lifetime at both the stress conditions used in the experiments and at the use condition.