bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Supremo Tribunal Federal: Aprimoramento das Funções da Justiça e Good Governance
Authors: Bochenek Antonio César , Dalazoana Vinicius 
Published: February 2018

Os sistemas judiciais, no Brasil e em todo o mundo, estão passando por grandes modificações nas últimas décadas. No Brasil, de modo especial após a Constituição Federal de 1988, verifica-se um importante aumento da judicialização das relações sociais e da política. Além disso, a função judicial tem hoje uma relevante relação com as funções administrativas dos tribunais. Assim, uma satisfatória prestação jurisdicional requer também boas práticas administrativas. Nesse sentido, aumenta progressivamente o número de estudos sobre conceitos e técnicas de “good governance” nos assuntos públicos. Nesse artigo, sustenta-se que a nova compreensão
do modelo de justiça necessita da implementação de técnicas e práticas de good governance nos tribunais, principalmente relacionadas às ideias de responsabilidade, transparência, participação, eficácia, eficiência e coerência.

DOI:10.5585/rdb.v5i3.98
HUBUNGAN POLIMORFISME GEN RESEPTOR ESTROGEN ALFA DENGAN JUMLAH SEL T CD4+ PADA ANAK TERINFEKSI HIV
Authors: Sufiawati Irna , Saptarini Risti , Riyanti Eriska 
Published: February 2018

Background: Estrogen plays a key role in human physiological processes. Polymorphisms of estrogen receptors have been implicated in the development of numerous diseases. The aim of this study was to evaluate the frequency of ERα gene Pvull and Xbal polymorphisms and assessing their association with CD4+ T-cell counts in HIV-infected children on highly active antiretroviral therapy.Methods: CD4+ T cell counts were determined using the FACS count system. ERα PvuII and XbaI polymorphisms were analyzed by PCR-RFLP.Results: This study enrolled 34 HIV-infected children on HAART. The frequencies of the PvuII and XbaI gene polymorphisms were PP 41,2%, Pp 26,5%, pp 32,4% and XX 35,3%, Xx 17,6%, xx 47,1% respectively. CD4+ T-cell counts were significantly associated with XbaI polymorphisms (p<0.05), but not PvuII polymorphisms (p>0.01).Discussion: Host genetic factor polymorphism is an important determinant of HIV disease progression and treatment response. The ERα Pvull and Xbal polymorphisms can increase risk for the development of HIV-related complication,including oral diseases.Conclusion: The ERα gene XbaI polymorphism was significantly associated with CD4+ T-cell counts. It may explain the role of estrogen in the regulation of HIV replication. Studying human genetic variation in HIV-infected individuals is important to guide a new therapeutic approach.
PELATIHAN PENGGUNAAN BAHASA INGGRIS UNTUK PARIWISATA (ENGLISH FOR TOURISM) BAGI SISWA SMKN 4 BANJARMASIN
Authors: Aulia Vivi , Maulida Hidya , Kuzairi Kuzairi , Saputra Imam Hendra 
Published: February 2018

This article is a report of Community Service Program aiming at giving understanding and learning experience to the second grade students at SMKN 4 Banjarmasin in using English for tourism. The object of this program is 30 students of Tourism major. One day training program is carried out in form of practicing directly, doing the demonstration, simulation, and role play in the group. Furthermore, there are four topics to discuss as the material of this program, such as: using some expressions, information, and communication in English under tourism aspect. Generally, this program is well done. The students show their enthusiasm and demonstrate the activity successfully. There are still mistakes they have done in using grammar and pronouncing some English words. However, they show their best efforts running with the material given. Besides that, the majority of them are unfamiliar with the specific terms used in English for tourism so that they need to be guided in understanding the meaning of it. At the end of this program, the students are expected to have a learning experience and have the mastery to communicate using foreign language in the future. It will become essential knowledge to challenge in the job market globally.Keywords: Training, English, and tourism ABSTRAKArtikel ini merupakan hasil dari kegiatan Pengabdian kepada Masyarakat yang bertujuan untuk memberikan pemahaman dan pengalaman belajar kepada siswa-siswi kelas XI Program Keahlian Usaha Perjalanan Wisata yang ada di SMKN 4 Banjarmasin dalam menggunakan Bahasa Inggris untuk pariwisata. Peserta kegiatan ini berjumlah 30 orang siswa. Kegiatan dilaksanakan dalam jangka waktu 1 hari dengan metode praktik secara langsung, demonstrasi, simulasi, dan bermain peran secara berkelompok. Sebanyak empat materi disajikan mengenai beberapa ungkapan, informasi, dan praktik komunikasi dalam Bahasa Inggris yang umum dan lazim digunakan dalam bidang pariwisata. Secara keseluruhan, kegiatan ini berjalan dengan baik. Siswa mampu mengikuti dan menampilkan demonstrasi secara langsung terkait materi yang diberikan. Walaupun masih terjadi banyak kesalahan dalam hal tata bahasa (grammar) dan pengucapan (pronunciation) Bahasa Inggris, siswa mampu menunjukkan usaha untuk memahami materi. Akan tetapi, mayoritas siswa masih belum familiar dengan kosakata-kosakata Bahasa Inggris tertentu dan spesifik berkaitan dengan kepariwisataan, sehingga perlu pendampingan untuk mengenal jenis kosakata-kosakata tersebut. Di akhir kegiatan, siswa diharapkan mendapatkan pengalaman belajar yang akan menjadi salah satu modal bagi mereka untuk ikut bersaing di dunia kerja yang secara global menuntut kecakapan berkomunikasi dalam bahasa asing.Kata Kunci: Pelatihan, Bahasa Inggris, pariwisata
Critical assessment of pediatric neurosurgery patient/parent educational information obtained via the Internet
Authors: Garcia Michael , Daugherty Christopher , Ben Khallouq Bertha , Maugans Todd 
Published: February 2018

OBJECTIVEThe Internet is used frequently by patients and family members to acquire information about pediatric neurosurgical conditions. The sources, nature, accuracy, and usefulness of this information have not been examined recently. The authors analyzed the results from searches of 10 common pediatric neurosurgical terms using a novel scoring test to assess the value of the educational information obtained.METHODSGoogle and Bing searches were performed for 10 common pediatric neurosurgical topics (concussion, craniosynostosis, hydrocephalus, pediatric brain tumor, pediatric Chiari malformation, pediatric epilepsy surgery, pediatric neurosurgery, plagiocephaly, spina bifida, and tethered spinal cord). The first 10 “hits” obtained with each search engine were analyzed using the Currency, Relevance, Authority, Accuracy, and Purpose (CRAAP) test, which assigns a numerical score in each of 5 domains. Agreement between results was assessed for 1) concurrent searches with Google and Bing; 2) Google searches over time (6 months apart); 3) Google searches using mobile and PC platforms concurrently; and 4) searches using privacy settings. Readability was assessed with an online analytical tool.RESULTSGoogle and Bing searches yielded information with similar CRAAP scores (mean 72% and 75%, respectively), but with frequently differing results (58% concordance/matching results). There was a high level of agreement (72% concordance) over time for Google searches and also between searches using general and privacy settings (92% concordance). Government sources scored the best in both CRAAP score and readability. Hospitals and universities were the most prevalent sources, but these sources had the lowest CRAAP scores, due in part to an abundance of self-marketing. The CRAAP scores for mobile and desktop platforms did not differ significantly (p = 0.49).CONCLUSIONSGoogle and Bing searches yielded useful educational information, using either mobile or PC platforms. Most information was relevant and accurate; however, the depth and breadth of information was variable. Search results over a 6-month period were moderately stable. Pediatric neurosurgery practices and neurosurgical professional organization websites were inferior (less current, less accurate, less authoritative, and less purposeful) to governmental and encyclopedia-type resources such as Wikipedia. This presents an opportunity for pediatric neurosurgeons to participate in the creation of better online patient/parent educational material.
Epidemiology of spinal injury in childhood and adolescence in the United States: 1997–2012
Authors: Piatt Joseph , Imperato Nicholas 
Published: February 2018

OBJECTIVEThere has been no successful study of trends in population-based incidences of pediatric spinal injury in the United States. The goal of the current study was to develop robust data to correct this deficiency in contemporary trauma epidemiology.METHODSDischarges coded for spinal injury were extracted from the Kids’ Inpatient Database for 1997, 2000, 2003, 2006, 2009, and 2012 for patients younger than 18 years. Childhood was defined as ages 0 through 14 years and adolescence as ages 15, 16, and 17 years. Denominator population data were taken from the website of the US Census. Annual incidences were estimated for hospitalization for spinal injury, spinal cord injury (SCI), and hospital death with spinal injury. Mechanistic and anatomical patterns of injury were studied.RESULTSThe annual population-based incidences of hospitalization for spinal injury, SCI, and death with spinal injury trended downward from 1997 to 2012 for children and adolescents in the United States. Rates of SCI and death fell faster than overall hospitalization rates, suggesting lower thresholds for admission or greater diagnostic sensitivity to minor injuries over time. The incidence of hospitalization for spinal injury was roughly 8 times greater for adolescents than for children, and the incidence of SCI was roughly 6 times greater. Motor vehicle crash predominated among mechanisms for both children and adolescents, but penetrating injuries and sport injuries were more commonly associated with SCI. Lumbosacral injuries predominated in both children and adolescents, but injuries of the cervical spine were more commonly associated with SCI.CONCLUSIONSFurther research is needed to identify the cause or causes of the observed decline in injury rates. Epidemiological data can inform and support prevention efforts.
Clival meningocele causing bilateral hearing loss in a child due to superficial siderosis of the central nervous system: case report
Authors: Johans Stephen J. , Swong Kevin N. , Burkett Daniel J. , Wemhoff Michael P. , Lew Sean M. , Patel Chirag R. , Germanwala Anand V. 
Published: February 2018

Superficial siderosis (SS) of the CNS is a rare and often unrecognized condition. Caused by hemosiderin deposition from chronic, repetitive hemorrhage in the subarachnoid space, it results in parenchymal damage in the subpial layers of the brain and spinal cord. T2-weighted MRI shows the characteristic hypointensity of hemosiderin deposition, classically occurring around the cerebellum, brainstem, and spinal cord. Patients present with progressive gait ataxia and sensorineural hearing impairment. Although there have been several studies, case reports, and review articles over the years, the clear pathophysiology of subarachnoid space hemorrhage remains to be elucidated. The proposed causes include prior intradural surgery, prior trauma, tumors, vascular abnormalities, nerve root avulsion, and dural abnormalities.Surgical repair of a dural defect associated with SS has been shown to be efficacious at preventing symptomatic progression. There have been several reports of dural defects within the spinal canal treated with surgery. Here, the authors present the first known case of a dural defect of the ventral skull base, namely a clival meningocele, presumed to be causing SS. In this case report, a 10-year-old girl with a history of head trauma at the age of 3 years was found to have a clival meningocele 3 years after her original trauma. On follow-up imaging, the patient was found to have radiographic growth of the meningocele along with evidence of SS of the CNS. The patient was treated conservatively until she began to have progressive hearing loss. It was presumed that the growing meningocele was the source of her SS. An endoscopic endonasal transclival approach with a multilayer dural reconstruction was performed to fix the dural defect and repair the meningocele in hopes of mitigating the progression of her symptoms. At her 12-month postoperative follow-up, she was doing well, with audiometry showing a slightly decreased hearing threshold in the left ear but improved speech discrimination bilaterally. Postoperative MRI showed a stable level of hemosiderin deposition and meningocele repair. Long-term follow-up will be necessary to evaluate for continued clinical stabilization or possible improvement.
Efficacy of intraoperative ultrasonography in neurosurgical tumor resection
Authors: Sweeney Jared F. , Smith Heather , Taplin AmiLyn , Perloff Eric , Adamo Matthew A. 
Published: February 2018

OBJECTIVEIntraoperative ultrasonography (IOUS) is a widely accessible imaging modality that provides real-time surgical guidance with minimal identified risk or additional operative time. A recent study by the authors found a strong correlation between IOUS and postoperative MRI findings when evaluating the extent of tumor resection, suggesting that IOUS might have significant clinical implications. The objective of this study was to expand on results from the previous study in order to provide more evidence on the usage of IOUS in the determination of gross-total resection (GTR) in both adult and pediatric patients with brain tumors.METHODSThis study consisted of a retrospective review of adult and pediatric neurosurgical patients who were treated at Albany Medical Center between August 2009 and March 2016 for a tumor of the brain. All patients were treated with IOUS and then underwent postoperative MRI (with and without contrast) within 1 week of surgery.RESULTSA total of 260 patients (55% of whom were males) met inclusion criteria for the study (age range 3 months to 84 years). IOUS results showed a strong association with postoperative MRI results (φ = 0.693, p < 0.001) and an 81% intended GTR rate. In cases in which GTR was pursued, 19% had false-negative results. IOUS was able to accurately identify residual tumor in 100% of subtotal resection cases where resection was stopped due to invasion of tumor into eloquent locations. Cases involving gliomas had a 75% intended GTR rate and a 25% false-negative rate. Cases involving metastatic tumors had an 87% intended GTR rate and a 13% false-negative rate. The sensitivity, specificity, negative predictive value, and positive predictive value are reported for IOUS in all included tumor pathologies, glioma cases, and metastatic tumor cases, respectively.CONCLUSIONSThe use of IOUS may allow for a reliable imaging modality to achieve a more successful GTR of brain tumors in both adult and pediatric neurosurgical patients. When attempting GTR, the authors demonstrated an 81% GTR rate. The authors also report false-negative IOUS results in 19% of attempted GTR cases. The authors support the use of IOUS in both adult and pediatric CNS tumor surgery to improve surgical outcomes. However, further studies are warranted to address existing limitations with its use to further improve its efficacy and better define its role as an intraoperative imaging tool.
Novel posterior artificial atlanto-odontoid joint for atlantoaxial instability: a biomechanical study
Authors: Shen Kai , Deng Zhongliang , Yang Junsong , Liu Chao , Zhang Ranxi 
Published: February 2018

OBJECTIVEAtlantoaxial instability is usually corrected by anterior and/or posterior C1–2 fusion. However, fusion can lead to considerable loss of movement at the C1–2 level, which can adversely impact a patient’s quality of life. In this study, the authors investigated the stability and function of a novel posterior artificial atlanto-odontoid joint (NPAAJ) by using cadaveric cervical spines.METHODSThe Oc–C7 regions from 10 cadaveric spines were used for anteroposterior (AP) translation and range of motion (ROM) tests while intact and after destabilization, NPAAJ implantation, and double-rod fixation.RESULTSThe mean AP C1–2 translational distances in the intact, destabilization, and double-rod groups were 6.53 ± 1.07 mm, 11.54 ± 1.59 mm, and 3.24 ± 0.99 mm, respectively, and the AP translational distance in the NPAAJ group was significantly different from that in the intact group (p < 0.05). The AP translational distance in the NPAAJ group was not significantly different from that in the double-rod group (p = 0.24). The mean flexion, extension, and axial rotation ROM values of the NPAAJ group were 9.87° ± 0.91°, 8.75° ± 0.99°, and 61.93° ± 2.93°, respectively, and these were lower than the corresponding values in the intact group (p < 0.05). The mean lateral bending ROM in the NPAAJ group (9.26° ± 0.86°) was not significantly different from that in the intact group (p = 0.23), and the flexion, extension, and rotation ranges in the NPAAJ group were 79.5%, 85.2%, and 82.3%, respectively, of those in the intact group.CONCLUSIONSUse of NPAAJ for correction of atlantoaxial instability disorders caused by congenital odontoid dysplasia, odontoid fracture nonunion, and C-1 transverse ligament disruption (IA, IB, and IIB) may restore the stability and preserve most of the ROM of C1–2. Additionally, the NPAAJ may prevent soft tissue from embedding within the joint. However, additional studies should be performed before the NPAAJ is used clinically.
How students descry entrepreneurial self-efficacy
Authors: Alsaidan Saad , Zhang Li 
Published: February 2018

This research investigates the roles that entrepreneurial self-efficacy plays in the relations between students’ perception of vocational guidance and entrepreneurial intentions, as well as between vocational knowledge and entrepreneurial intentions, in the vocational colleges of Saudi Arabia. Correlation analysis and linear regression are used to assess the relations among students’ perception of vocational guidance, entrepreneurial self-efficacy, vocational knowledge and entrepreneurial intentions. Gathered from 631 students and analyzed with the SPSS software, the empirical data confirm that entrepreneurial self-efficacy moderates the relations between both students’ perception of vocational guidance and entrepreneurial intentions, and vocational knowledge and entrepreneurial Intentions. Besides the study’s qualification, also offered are policy making recommendations for practice and implications for future research.
Short-timescale γ-Ray Variability in CTA 102
Authors: Shukla A. , Mannheim K. , Patel S. R. , Roy J. , Chitnis V. R. , Dorner D. , Rao A. R. , Anupama G. C. , Wendel C. 
Published: February 2018

Abstract
The flat-spectrum radio quasar CTA 102 experienced a prolonged state of enhanced activity across the entire observed electromagnetic spectrum during 2016–2017, most pronounced during a major outburst between 2016 December and 2017 May. Fermi-LAT observed a flux of (2.2 ± 0.2) × 10−5 photons cm−2 s−1 at energies above 100 MeV on 2017 April 19 during a single orbit. We report here the detection of significant (4.7σ) flux variations down to timescales of ∼5 minutes during this orbit. The measured variability timescale is much shorter than the light-travel time across the central black hole (∼70 minutes) indicating a very compact emission region within the jet, similar to that seen in IC 310, Mrk 501, or PKS 1222+21 from MAGIC observations. This short-timescale variability is unexpected since the γ-ray spectrum shows no sign of attenuation due to pair creation in interactions with photons from the broad emission line region, and therefore must be assumed to originate far from the black hole. The observed fast variability could either indicate the dissipation of magnetic islands or protons in a collimated beam from the base of the jet encountering the turbulent plasma at the end of the magnetic nozzle.
Improvements in Gravitational-wave Sky Localization with Expanded Networks of Interferometers
Authors: Pankow Chris , Chase Eve A. , Coughlin Scott , Zevin Michael , Kalogera Vassiliki 
Published: February 2018

Abstract
A milestone of multi-messenger astronomy has been achieved with the detection of gravitational waves from a binary neutron star merger accompanied by observations of several associated electromagnetic counterparts. Joint observations can reveal details of the engines that drive the electromagnetic and gravitational-wave emission. However, locating and identifying an electromagnetic counterpart to a gravitational-wave event is heavily reliant on localization of the source through gravitational-wave information. We explore the sky localization of a simulated set of neutron star mergers as the worldwide network of gravitational-wave detectors evolves through the next decade, performing the first such study for neutron star–black hole binary sources. Currently, three detectors are observing with additional detectors in Japan and India expected to become operational in the coming years. With three detectors, we recover a median neutron star–black hole binary sky localization of 60 deg2 at the 90% credible level. As all five detectors become operational, sources can be localized to a median of 11 deg2 on the sky.
Ionized and Molecular Gas Kinematics in a z = 1.4 Star-forming Galaxy*
Authors: Übler H. , Genzel R. , Tacconi L. J. , Schreiber N. M. Förster , Neri R. , Contursi A. , Belli S. , Nelson E. J. , Lang P. , Shimizu T. T. , Davies R. , Herrera-Camus R. , Lutz D. , Plewa P. M. , Price S. H. , Schuster K. , Sternberg A. , Tadaki K. , Wisnioski E. , Wuyts S. 
Published: February 2018

Abstract
We present deep observations of a z = 1.4 massive, star-forming galaxy (SFG) in molecular and ionized gas at comparable spatial resolution (CO 3–2, NOrthern Extended Millimeter Array (NOEMA); Hα, Large Binocular Telescope (LBT)). The kinematic tracers agree well, indicating that both gas phases are subject to the same gravitational potential and physical processes affecting the gas dynamics. We combine the one-dimensional velocity and velocity dispersion profiles in CO and Hα to forward-model the galaxy in a Bayesian framework, combining a thick exponential disk, a bulge, and a dark matter halo. We determine the dynamical support due to baryons and dark matter, and find a dark matter fraction within one effective radius of

f

DM

(
≤

R

e

)
=

0.18

−
0.04

+
0.06

. Our result strengthens the evidence for strong baryon-dominance on galactic scales of massive z ∼ 1–3 SFGs recently found based on ionized gas kinematics alone.