bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
ALK4/5-dependent TGF-β signaling contributes to the crosstalk between neurons and microglia following axonal lesion
Authors: Raffo-Romero Antonella , Arab Tanina , Van Camp Christelle , Lemaire Quentin , Wisztorski Maxence , Franck Julien , Aboulouard Soulaimane , Le Marrec-Croq Francoise , Sautiere Pierre-Eric , Vizioli Jacopo , Salzet Michel , Lefebvre Christophe 
Published: May 2019

AbstractNeuronal activity is closely influenced by glia, especially microglia which are the resident immune cells in the central nervous system (CNS). Microglia in medicinal leech are the only cells able to migrate to the injury site within the 24 hours post-lesion. The microglia-neuron interactions constitute an important mechanism as there is neither astrocyte nor oligodendrocyte in the leech CNS. Given that axonal sprouting is impaired when microglia recruitment is inhibited, the crosstalk between microglia and neurons plays a crucial role in neuroprotection. The present results show that neurons and microglia both use ALK4/5 (a type of TGF-β receptor) signaling in order to maintain mutual exchanges in an adult brain following an axonal injury. Indeed, a TGF-β family member (nGDF) is immediately released by injured axons contributing to the early recruitment of ALK4/5+microglia to the lesion site. Surprisingly, within the following hours, nGDF from microglia activates ALK4/5+neurons to maintain a later microglia accumulation in lesion. Taken together, the results demonstrate that ALK4/5 signaling is essential throughout the response to the lesion in the leech CNS and gives a new insight in the understanding of this pathway. This latter is an important signal contributing to a correct sequential mobilization over time of microglia recruitment leading to axon regeneration.
Early Proteome Shift and Serum Bioactivity Precede Diesel Exhaust-induced Impairment of Cardiovascular Recovery in Spontaneously Hypertensive Rats
Authors: Thompson Leslie C. , Shannahan Jonathan H. , Perez Christina M. , Haykal-Coates Najwa , King Charly , Hazari Mehdi S. , Brown Jared M. , Farraj Aimen K. 
Published: May 2019

AbstractSingle circulating factors are often investigated to explain air pollution-induced cardiovascular dysfunction, yet broader examinations of the identity and bioactivity of the entire circulating milieu remain understudied. The purpose of this study was to determine if exposure-induced cardiovascular dysfunction can be coupled with alterations in both serum bioactivity and the circulating proteome. Two cohorts of Spontaneously Hypertensive Rats (SHRs) were exposed to 150 or 500 μg/m3 diesel exhaust (DE) or filtered air (FA). In Cohort 1, we collected serum 1 hour after exposure for proteomics analysis and bioactivity measurements in rat aortic endothelial cells (RAECs). In Cohort 2, we assessed left ventricular pressure (LVP) during stimulation and recovery from the sympathomimetic dobutamine HCl, one day after exposure. Serum from DE-exposed rats had significant changes in 66 serum proteins and caused decreased NOS activity and increased VCAM-1 expression in RAECs. While rats exposed to DE demonstrated increased heart rate at the start of LVP assessments, heart rate, systolic pressure, and double product fell below baseline in DE-exposed rats compared to FA during recovery from dobutamine, indicating dysregulation of post-exertional cardiovascular function. Taken together, a complex and bioactive circulating milieu may underlie air pollution-induced cardiovascular dysfunction.
Phycosynthesis and Enhanced Photocatalytic Activity of Zinc Oxide Nanoparticles Toward Organosulfur Pollutants
Authors: Khalafi Tariq , Buazar Foad , Ghanemi Kamal 
Published: May 2019

AbstractA novel eco-friendly procedure was developed to produce safer, stable and highly pure zinc oxide nanoparticles (ZnO NPs) using microalgae Chlorella extract. The ZnO NPs were synthesized simply using zinc nitrate and microalgae Chlorella extract which conducted at ambient conditions. In this recipe, microalgae Chlorella extract acted as the reducing agent and a stabilizing layer on fresh ZnO NPs. UV–visible spectrum was confirmed the formation of ZnO NPs showing an absorption peak at 362 nm. XRD results demonstrated that prepared ZnO NPs has a high-crystalline hexagonal (Wurtzite) structure, with average size about 19.44 nm in diameter. FT-IR spectral analysis indicated an active contribution of algae-derived biomolecules in zinc ions bioreduction. According to SEM and TEM observations, ZnO NPs are well dispersed and has a hexagonal shape with the average size of 20 ± 2.2 nm, respectively. Based on gas chromatography analyses, the optimum 0.01 g/L dosage of ZnO catalyst revealed an effective photocatalytic activity toward the degradation (97%) of Dibenzothiophene (DBT) contaminant as an organosulfur model in the neutral pH at the mild condition. Rapid separation and facile recyclability at five consecutive runs were demonstrated high efficiency and durability of green ZnO nanophotocatalyst. The possible mechanisms of green ZnO NPs formation and the photo-desulfurization of DBT were also proposed.
rs2267531, a promoter SNP within glypican-3 gene in the X chromosome, is associated with hepatocellular carcinoma in Egyptians
Authors: Motawi Tarek Mohamed Kamal , Sadik Nermin Abdel Hamid , Sabry Dina , Shahin Nancy Nabil , Fahim Sally Atef 
Published: May 2019

AbstractHepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is a major health concern in Egypt owing to the high prevalence of hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection. HCC incidence is characterized by obvious male predominance, yet the molecular mechanisms behind this gender bias are still unidentified. Functional variations in X-linked genes have more impact on males than females. Glypican-3 (GPC3) gene, located in the Xq26 region, has lately emerged as being potentially implicated in hepatocellular carcinogenesis. The current study was designed to examine the association of −784 G/C single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) in GPC3 promoter region (rs2267531) with HCC susceptibility in male and female Egyptian HCV patients. Our results revealed a significant association between GPC3 and HCC risk in both males and females, evidenced by higher C allele and CC/C genotype frequencies in HCC patients when compared to controls. However, no such association was found when comparing HCV patients to controls. Moreover, GPC3 gene and protein expression levels were significantly higher in CC/C than in GG/G genotype carriers in males and females. The CC/C genotype exhibited a significant shorter overall survival than GG/G genotype in HCC patients. In conclusion, GPC3 rs2267531 on the X chromosome is significantly associated with HCC, but not with HCV infection, in the Egyptian population.
Avenanthramide C from germinated oats exhibits anti-allergic inflammatory effects in mast cells
Authors: Dhakal Hima , Yang Eun-Ju , Lee Soyoung , Kim Min-Jong , Baek Moon-Chang , Lee Byungheon , Park Pil-Hoon , Kwon Taeg Kyu , Khang Dongwoo , Song Kyung-Sik , Kim Sang-Hyun 
Published: May 2019

AbstractMast cells play a crucial role in allergic diseases via the release of inflammatory mediators, particularly histamine and pro-inflammatory cytokines. Avenanthramide (Avn) C, a polyphenol found mainly in oats, is known to exhibit various biological properties. In this study, we aimed to evaluate the effectiveness of Avn C from germinated oats against mast cell-mediated allergic inflammation. For the in vitro study, RBL-2H3, mouse bone marrow-derived mast cells and rat peritoneal mast cells were used. Avn C (1–100 nM) inhibited the immunoglobulin (Ig)E-stimulated mast cells degranulation by suppressing phosphorylation of phosphoinositide 3-kinase and phospholipase Cγ1 and decreasing intracellular calcium levels. It inhibited IgE-stimulated secretion of inflammatory cytokines via suppression of FcεRI-mediated signaling proteins Lyn, Syk, Akt, and nuclear factor-κB. To verify the effects of Avn C in vivo, ovalbumin-induced active systemic anaphylaxis (ASA) and IgE-mediated passive cutaneous anaphylaxis (PCA) models were used. Oral administration of Avn C dose-dependently attenuated the ASA reactions, as evidenced by the inhibition of hypothermia and reduction of elevated serum histamine, IgE, and interleukin-4 levels. Avn C also inhibited the PCA reactions, such as ear swelling and plasma extravasation. Our results suggested that Avn C from germinated oats might be a possible therapeutic candidate for mast cell-mediated allergic inflammation.
A calculator based on prostate imaging reporting and data system version 2 (PI-RADS V2) is a promising prostate cancer predictor
Authors: Wang Hui , Tai Sheng , Zhang Li , Zhou Jun , Liang Chaozhao 
Published: May 2019

AbstractThis research is to develop a new tool to improve the performance of predicting prostate cancer (PCa) and reducing unnecessary biopsies. The clinical data of patients who were definitely diagnosed by prostate biopsy were retrospectively analyzed. PCa risks that include age, prostate-specific antigen (PSA), PSA density (PSAD), free-PSA (fPSA), the ratio of fPSA to PSA (%fPSA), prostate volume (PV), digital rectal examination (DRE) and multi-parametric magnetic resonance imaging (MP-MRI) were selected by univariate and multivariate analysis. The satisfactory risks were used to establish predictor (Prostate Biopsy Rating Scale, PBRS). The total score (TS) that was obtained from PBRS was performed to forecast PCa. The areas under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUC) and the net reclassification index (NRI) were used to compare the predictive ability. A total of 1078 cases were recruited. The mean values of TS in PCa and non-PCa were 15.94 ± 3.26 and 10.49 ± 3.36 points respectively. The AUC of PBRS was higher than PSA, PSAD and MP-MRI (0.87 vs. 0.75, 0.78, 0.80, respectively). PBRS can reduce unnecessary biopsies compared with PSA, PSAD and MP-MRI by up to 63%, 54% and 44%, respectively. In brief, PBRS is a promising predictor of forecasting PCa.
Pharmacological systems analysis defines EIF4A3 functions in cell-cycle and RNA stress granule formation
Authors: Mazloomian Alborz , Araki Shinsuke , Ohori Momoko , El-Naggar Amal M. , Yap Damian , Bashashati Ali , Nakao Shoichi , Sorensen Poul H. , Nakanishi Atsushi , Shah Sohrab , Aparicio Samuel 
Published: May 2019

AbstractThe RNA helicase EIF4A3 regulates the exon junction complex and nonsense-mediated mRNA decay functions in RNA transcript processing. However, a transcriptome-wide network definition of these functions has been lacking, in part due to the lack of suitable pharmacological inhibitors. Here we employ short-duration graded EIF4A3 inhibition using small molecule allosteric inhibitors to define the transcriptome-wide dependencies of EIF4A3. We thus define conserved cellular functions, such as cell cycle control, that are EIF4A3 dependent. We show that EIF4A3-dependent splicing reactions have a distinct genome-wide pattern of associated RNA-binding protein motifs. We also uncover an unanticipated role of EIF4A3 in the biology of RNA stress granules, which sequester and silence the translation of most mRNAs under stress conditions and are implicated in cell survival and tumour progression. We show that stress granule induction and maintenance is suppressed on the inhibition of EIF4A3, in part through EIF4A3-associated regulation of G3BP1 and TIA1 scaffold protein expression.
Multi-flow channel bioreactor enables real-time monitoring of cellular dynamics in 3D engineered tissue
Authors: Zohar Barak , Blinder Yaron , Epshtein Mark , Szklanny Ariel A. , Kaplan Ben , Korin Netanel , Mooney David J. , Levenberg Shulamit 
Published: May 2019

AbstractThe key to understanding, harnessing, and manipulating natural biological processes for the benefit of tissue engineering lies in providing a controllable dynamic environment for tissue development in vitro while being able to track cell activity in real time. This work presents a multi-channel bioreactor specifically designed to enable on-line imaging of fluorescently labeled cells embedded in replicated 3D engineered constructs subjected to different flow conditions. The images are acquired in 3D using a standard upright confocal microscope and further analyzed and quantified by computer vision. The platform is used to characterize and quantify the pace and directionality of angiogenic processes induced by flow. The presented apparatus bears considerable potential to advance scientific research, from basic research pursuing the effect of flow versus static conditions on 3D scaffolds and cell types, to clinically oriented modeling in drug screening and cytotoxicity assays.
Climate change impacts on marine ecosystems through the lens of the size spectrum
Authors: Heneghan Ryan F. , Hatton Ian A. , Galbraith Eric D. 
Published: May 2019

Abstract
Climate change is a complex global issue that is driving countless shifts in the structure and function of marine ecosystems. To better understand these shifts, many processes need to be considered, yet they are often approached from incompatible perspectives. This article reviews one relatively simple, integrated perspective: the abundance-size spectrum. We introduce the topic with a brief review of some of the ways climate change is expected to impact the marine ecosystem according to complex numerical models while acknowledging the limits to understanding posed by complex models. We then review how the size spectrum offers a simple conceptual alternative, given its regular power law size-frequency distribution when viewed on sufficiently broad scales. We further explore how anticipated physical aspects of climate change might manifest themselves through changes in the elevation, slope and regularity of the size spectrum, exposing mechanistic questions about integrated ecosystem structure, as well as how organism physiology and ecological interactions respond to multiple climatic stressors. Despite its application by ecosystem modellers and fisheries scientists, the size spectrum perspective is not widely used as a tool for monitoring ecosystem adaptation to climate change, providing a major opportunity for further research.
MONOS: Multiplicity Of Northern O-type Spectroscopic systems
Authors: Maíz Apellániz J. , Trigueros Páez E. , Negueruela I. , Barbá R. H. , Simón-Díaz S. , Lorenzo J. , Sota A. , Gamen R. C. , Fariña C. , Salas J. , Caballero J. A. , Morrell N. I. , Pellerin A. , Alfaro E. J. , Herrero A. , Arias J. I. , Marco A. 
Published: May 2019

Context. Multiplicity in massive stars is key to understanding the chemical and dynamical evolution of galaxies. Among massive stars, those of O type play a crucial role due to their high masses and short lifetimes.
Aims. MONOS (Multiplicity Of Northern O-type Spectroscopic systems) is a project designed to collect information and study O-type spectroscopic binaries with δ >  −20°. In this first paper we describe the sample and provide spectral classifications and additional information for objects with previous spectroscopic and/or eclipsing binary orbits. In future papers we will test the validity of previous solutions and calculate new spectroscopic orbits.
Methods. The spectra in this paper have two sources: the Galactic O-Star Spectroscopic Survey (GOSSS), a project that obtains blue-violet R ∼ 2500 spectroscopy of thousands of massive stars, and LiLiMaRlin, a library of libraries of high-resolution spectroscopy of massive stars obtained from four different surveys (CAFÉ-BEANS, OWN, IACOB, and NoMaDS) and additional data from our own observing programs and public archives. We have also used lucky images obtained with AstraLux.
Results. We present homogeneous spectral classifications for 92 O-type spectroscopic multiple systems and ten optical companions, many of them original. We discuss the visual multiplicity of each system with the support of AstraLux images and additional sources. For eleven O-type objects and for six B-type objects we present their first GOSSS spectral classifications. For two known eclipsing binaries we detect double absorption lines (SB2) or a single moving line (SB1) for the first time, to which we add a third system reported by us recently. For two previous SB1 systems we detect their SB2 nature for the first time and give their first separate spectral classifications, something we have also done for a third object just recently identified as a SB2. We also detect nine new astrometric companions and provide updated information on several others. We emphasize the results for two stars: for σ Ori AaAbB we provide spectral classifications for the three components with a single observation for the first time thanks to a lucky spectroscopy observation obtained close to the Aa,Ab periastron and for θ1 Ori CaCb we add it to the class of Galactic Of?p stars, raising the number of its members to six. Our sample of O-type spectroscopic binaries contains more triple- or higher-order systems than double systems.
7.1 keV sterile neutrino dark matter constraints from a deepChandraX-ray observation of the Galactic bulge Limiting Window
Authors: Hofmann F. , Wegg C. 
Published: May 2019

Context. An unidentified emission line at 3.55 keV was recently detected in X-ray spectra of clusters of galaxies. The line has been discussed as a possible decay signature of 7.1 keV sterile neutrinos, which have been proposed as a dark matter (DM) candidate.Aims. We aim to further constrain the line strength and its implied mixing angle under the assumption that all DM is made of sterile neutrinos.Methods. The X-ray observations of the Limiting Window (LW) towards the Galactic bulge (GB) offer a unique dataset for exploring DM lines. We characterise the systematic uncertainties of the observation and the fitted models with simulated X-ray spectra. In addition, we discuss uncertainties of indirect DM column density constraints towards the GB to understand systematic uncertainties in the assumed DM mass in the field of view of the observation.Results. We find tight constraints on the allowed flux for an additional line at 3.55 keV with a positive (∼1.5σ) best fit valueFX3.55 keV ≈ (4.5 ± 3.5) × 10−7 cts cm−2 s−1. This would translate into a mixing angle of sin2(2Θ) ≈ (2.3 ± 1.8) × 10−11which, while consistent with some recent results, is in tension with earlier detections.Conclusions. We used a very deep dataset with well understood systematic uncertainties to derive tight constraints on the mixing angle of a 7.1 keV sterile neutrino DM candidate. The results highlight that the inner Milky Way will be a good target for DM searches with upcoming missions like eROSITA, XRISM, and ATHENA.
Constructions du féminin dans une Tunisie en mutation
Authors: Ben Smaïl Nedra 
Published: May 2019

À partir de la clinique des adolescentes, ce texte rend compte de la manière avec laquelle dans la Tunisie actuelle, le désir au féminin se déploie, et comment les jeunes filles se saisissent des nouveaux appuis réels et symboliques pour opérer le franchissement générationnel, rejoindre leur singularité et construire leur identité sexuée, leur rapport au corps et au sexe. Lorsque le politique se transforme, il entraine avec lui, au-delà d’une parole libérée, l’émergence pour chacun, de la question du féminin qui refuse l’univocité de ce qu’est la femme et que la tradition tend à imposer. L’article repose sur deux méthodes. D’une part, il prend appui sur trois temps d’une cure analytique au long cours d’une jeune femme; d’autre part il analyse le parcours d’Amina, personnage public et Femen, dont les propos éclairent cette construction du féminin. Il conclut sur l’hypothèse que les demandes d’analyse de femmes sont traversées par un véritable questionnement sur le contenu de la rencontre sexuelle, un désir de savoir sur le féminin, et sur le rapport des sexes. Les femmes tunisiennes, « génération révolution », sont de plus en plus nombreuses à s’opposer au monolithisme structurel des sociétés dites arabo-musulmanes, mais aussi au monolithisme de la pensée occidentale, qui toutes deux proposent une vision préconçue de ce qu’est le féminin dans le monde arabe.
La lecture dissociative de la psychose au service d’une psychiatrie débarrassée du transfert
Authors: Tyszler Jean-Jacques 
Published: May 2019

Comment expliquer que pour tant de psychiatres et de clinicines de l’Ancien et du Nouveau monde, le diagnostic de schizophrénie soit devenu la catégorie la plus utilisée, reléguant dans l’ombre d’uatres formes de psychose ?
Les DSM successifs sont en bonne part responsable d’un tel usage de la « schizophrénie » venant effacer la pertinence d’un diagnostic de paranoïa. Dans l’œuvre de Freud, la paranoïa constituait un point de repère essentiel, et Lacan a prolongé cet abord de la psychose.
L’Auteur remarque que cet affadissement et cette uniformisation des diagnostics sous le primat de la schizophrénie va de pair avec l’exclusion d’une clinique rapportée aux repérages des phénomènes de transfert au profit d’un intérêt exclusif pour l’occupationnel.
Il importe, néanmoins, de souligner la fécondité des recherches cliniques contemporaines, averties des thèses lacaniennes et les prolongeant, ainsi que le fait Marcel Czermak en proposant, par exemple d’examiner l es formes contemporaines de la paranoïa à l’aide de l’hypothèse de « psychose sans moi ».
Entre science et psychanalyse : l’autiste un platonicien lacanien
Authors: Sauret Marie-Jean 
Published: May 2019

Tout poussait Daniel Tammet et Josef Schovanec vers un langage sans parole et inapte au sens, jusqu’à construire un Autre de synthèse, mathématique : débilité assurée en ce qui concerne les questions existentielles, le sujet étant là « à côté de la plaque », entre discours du maître savant et discours universitaire de l’éducation. Mais ni l’un ni l’autre n’a consenti à se reconnaître dans l’autisme qu’ils admettent pourtant comme une caractéristique. Ce décalage les a mis sur la voie de la recherche de ce qui pourrait bien faire leur singularité (la voix pour l’un), et d’adresses susceptibles de l’accueillir. Pour répondre, ils ont mobilisé le discours scientifique jusqu’à en traquer les limites (le point d’incertitude) au-delà desquelles et grâce auxquelles le sujet trouve à se loger via ce qui lui sert de symptôme et fait objection à la logique de la globalisation contemporaine. C’est le décalage revendiqué avec l’autisme sa mise « à la bonne place » (je ne suis pas autiste, mais je vis avec) qui les sort de la débilité menaçante.