bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
How Do Oil and Gas Investors Pick Entrepreneurs? Vice Versa?
Authors: Zborowski Matt 
Published: June 2018

Private equity and venture capital firms are just as important to the evolution of the oil and gas industry as the leading operators and service companies. This became evident during the oil price crash when public equity opportunities disappeared and lenders shied away from the industry amid scores of bankruptcies.
Illustrating the point earlier this year was Wil VanLoh, founder and CEO of Quantum Energy Partners, who boasted during the NAPE Global Business Conference that his firm would “look really similar to a superindependent” if it were to aggregate all the companies in which it’s currently investing, which altogether tally 2.3 million net acres, 350,000 BOE/D, and 32 rigs working across the US and Canada.
With the backing of private investment, entrepreneurs who previously worked for companies such as Shell, Anadarko, Halliburton, Baker Hughes, and even smaller, lesser known entities have applied their unique skills and ideas to find, develop, and produce the latest generation of prolific oil and gas fields quicker and with less money than ever before. But finding those innovators who are actually capable of turning their dreams into reality is difficult. And when you’re the firm tasked with bearing the financial risk that comes with backing fledgling companies that hope to break into an already volatile industry, you tend be choosy.
Enter Charlie Leykum, founder of CSL Capital Management, a 10-year-old private equity firm that builds and acquires controlling interests in oil and gas service and equipment companies. It’s currently launching its $1.5-billion Fund III as well as a special-purpose acquisition company, which raises capital from public investors, enabling them to participate in private equity purchases.
“So much of what we do is finding not just an individual or a group of individuals who are technically or commercially really savvy,” but finding a “harmonized, well-working team,” Leykum said during the SPE Gulf Coast Section’s recent Innovation Entrepreneurship Symposium. CSL only considers business plans where a team is either in place or assembling with “a subject matter expert who’s the key decision maker” as well as technical and operations personnel. Together, they must have a firm grasp of the challenges and risks involved in building a business.
When looking at possible investments, CSL wants technical leadership in a market. When CSL invested in a fracturing company in the early 2000s that ended up successful, Leykum said, the firm partnered with a major service company’s “lead fracturing executive for the business line” whose skills and expertise could solve—and had solved—unique challenges in different basins.
Underbalanced Drilling With Coiled Tubing in Marginal Shallow Wells
Authors: Carpenter Chris 
Published: June 2018

This article, written by JPT Technology Editor Chris Carpenter, contains highlights of paper SPE 189904, “Underbalanced Drilling With Coiled Tubing: A Case Study in Marginal Shallow Wells,” by Adam Miszewski, SPE, and Toni Miszewski, SPE, AnTech, and Peter Hatgelakas, Chuck Henry Energy, prepared for the 2018 SPE/ICoTA Coiled Tubing and Well Intervention Conference and Exhibition, The Woodlands, Texas, USA, 27–28 March. The paper has not been peer reviewed.
The complete paper describes a recent directional coiled-tubing drilling (DCTD) job completed for an independent operator in the Appalachian Basin. The objective was to access target zones identified as adjacent to a recently drilled vertical well using a lateral sidetrack. The project was ultimately successful in that a dry hole was re-entered and sidetracked to create a productive well.
The Economic Equation
The target of the project was to define drilling efficiency in terms of cost per production rate. This measure takes the initial production into account and ties together the ability of the driller to make hole in the direction required with the ability to select a productive part of the formation.
Recognizing that each stage of well construction can affect another, a multidisciplinary approach was adopted that included input from geology, geophysics, reservoir engineering, and drilling and completions engineering. Local experience with offset wells also was an important input, allowing for the fact that this experience was limited to vertical wells drilled with air or in an overbalanced condition.
Well Selection
The area chosen for the case study was in a well-understood area containing numerous offset wells with which to compare production and a known geology against which to plan the well. The wells typically do not exceed 2,500 ft in depth and were exclusively vertical. Four such wells had been drilled in the immediate vicinity in the previous year, three of which are currently on production at the time of writing at rates ranging from 10 to 25 B/D with varying levels of associated water production. Although one of the wells showed promise of production, the well turned out to be dry and the planned 4½-in. production casing string was not run and the well was not completed. The uncased well was chosen for the case study because it had the shortest payback period if it could be made to produce at a rate similar to those of neighboring wells. A 3D seismic survey of the area had identified a subsurface ridge that could be acting as a trap (Fig. 1). This ridge was selected as the target of the new well. A well path was planned that tracked approximately 15 ft below the top of the reservoir and along the top of the ridge, a depth low enough to access the reservoir but not so low that it might access the oil/water contact believed to be 40 ft below the reservoir top.
Observation of “Traditional” Agriculture in Kastamonu, Turkey In Relation to the Evidence of Crop Husbandry at Neolithic Çatalhöyük, Central Anatolia
Authors: Filipović Dragana 
Published: June 2018

In order to better understand how plants were procured and consumed at Neolithic Çatalhöyük, the site’s archaeobotany team examined some of the existing ethnographic examples of “traditional” (non-mechanised) farming in Turkey. The Kastamonu region of the north Turkey is an area where some ’ancient’ wheats (einkorn and emmer) are cultivated in a more or less traditional way and on a small-scale. Fieldwork in this part of Turkey provided first-hand knowledge of some off- and on-site agricultural activities which could have been part of prehistoric village life, but also of ways in which modern technologies challenge non-mechanised farming*. Of particular interest were a) information gathered from field-owners on traditional techniques used to grow crops, b) observation of storage facilities and other ways of storing food in einkorn/emmer-growing villages, and c) observations of mills and other buildings/constructions/items relating to crop processing and food preparation (e.g. oil production); the paper presents obtained information relevant to these three key objectives.

* The work would not have been possible without the professional guidance and tremendous help from Dr Füsun Ertuğ of Istanbul University and her colleagues and friends in Kastamonu, as well as municipal authorities of Kastamonu, Ihsangazi and Küre; their help and hospitality is greatly appreciated. The team is grateful to all the interviewed families for their patience and understanding, and the interest in our study.
Statehood Day or Candlemas Day – Ideology vs. Chronology
Authors: Milošević Srđan 
Published: June 2018

The paper deals with the ideological and chronological issues concerning Statehood day, which is celebrated on the 15th and 16th of February in Serbia. The focus will be on the connection which is being established between the state holiday of Statehood day and Candlemas Day which is a church holiday. The paper will further deal with the problems with dating the two key events – the start of the First Serbian Uprising in 1804 and the adoption of the first Serbian Constitution in 1835 – which, according to the Serbian law on national and other holidays, form the basis for the celebrating of Statehood day. The paper will prove that it wasn’t necessary for the legislators to insist on establishing a connection between the aforementioned events and the date of the church holiday neither in the 19th nor in the 21st century. The author will also point out the significant errors in chronology: it is falsely claimed that the anniversaries of both these events coincide with Candlemas Day (in 1804 and 1835, respectively), and that it is hence unwarranted to claim that they coincide with Candlemas Day in the 21st century. It will be shown that the reason for these errors lies in the incorrect calculation and translation of dates from the Julian into the Gregorian calendar, as w
Cet article traite les problèmes idéologiques et chronologiques en relation avec le Jour de la souveraineté de la Serbie, fêté le 15 et le 16 février. La question du rattachement du Jour de la souveraineté à la fête religieuse de la Présentation du Christ a été problématisée, ensuite la question concernant la datation de deux événements qui, d’après la Loi sur les fêtes nationales dans la République de Serbie, sont à l’origine de la célébration du Jour de la souveraineté de la Serbie (début de la Première insurrection serbe de 1804 et l’adoption de la première Constitution serbe en 1835). Dans l’article, l’auteur démontre que le législateur a inutilement insisté sur le rattachement des événements évoqués à la date de la fête religieuse de la Présentation au XIXe puis au XXIe siècle. L’auteur rend compte des erreurs importantes concernant la chronologie : l’on soutient à tort que les deux événements ont eu lieu le jour de la Présentation en 1804 puis en 1835 ; par conséquent, les anniversaires des deux événements sont indûment associés à la Présentation au XXIe siècle. Dans l’article est expliqué que la raison de ces erreurs tient à la transposition erronée des dates du calendrier julien en calendrier grégorien, et l’auteur soutient la thèse que l’insistance actuelle sur l’association du Jour de la souveraineté à la Présentation est idéologiquement conditionnée, qu’elle est une conséquence de la désécularisation de la société en Serbie.
y is ideologically conditioned and that it is a consequence of the desecularization of Serbian society.
Nutrient dynamics, soil properties and microbiological aspects in an irrigated olive orchard managed with five different management systems involving soil tillage, cover crops and compost
Authors: Bechara E. , Papafilippaki A. , Doupis G. , Sofo A. , Koubouris G. 
Published: June 2018

AbstractThe aim of the present study was to determine the short-term effects (three years) of four sustainable management systems including different carbon inputs (compost, pruning residues and cover crops, applied solely or combined) on the mineral content of soil, olive trees and weeds, on some specific groups of soil microorganisms, and on weed mycorrhizal colonization in an olive orchard compared to a conventional system involving soil tillage and only mineral forms of fertilizers. The study was performed between 2013 and 2015 in a 40-year-old olive plantation. The results showed that soil organic matter, as well as main macro- and micronutrients, were markedly improved following three years of increased biomass inputs. Data related to the mycorrhizal colonization of spontaneous weed flora and to actinobacteria, Azotobacter and proteolytic bacteria suggest favourable effects on soil biology and agro-ecosystem complexity. Sowing a mixture of winter cover crops for three successive years also contributed to soil enrichment in biological as well as mineral nutrient aspects. Adoption of the sustainable management here applied practices is in complete agreement with the European policy on the transition from a linear to a circular economy and would provide significant benefits for rural stakeholders and ecosystems in the long term.
Ag/CdS Nanocomposite: An Efficient Recyclable Catalyst for the Synthesis of Novel 8-Aryl-8H-[1,3]dioxolo[4,5-g]chromene-6-carboxylic Acids under Mild Reaction Conditions
Authors: Abdolmohammadi Shahrzad , Nasrabadi Seyed Reza Rasouli , Seif Ahmad , Fard Narges Elmi 
Published: June 2018

Aim and Objective:
Chromene derivatives are privileged heterocyclic systems that exhibit
various types of biological properties such as antioxidant, anticancer, antimicrobial, hypotensive, and
local anesthetic. Cadmium sulfide nanoparticles (CdS NPs) as an efficient heterogeneous catalyst is
used in various organic transformations because of its certain unique and unusual physico-chemical
properties. The effectiveness of catalytic activity of CdS NPs can be improved due to the combined
effect of Ag particles.

Results:
Ag/CdS nanocomposite is a readily available, recyclable, and non-toxic catalyst used for the
highly efficient synthesis of novel 8-aryl-8H-[1,3]dioxolo[4,5-g]chromrne-6-carboxylic acids. This
reaction is conveniently performed under mild reaction conditions. All synthesized compounds were
well characterized by their satisfactory elemental analyses, IR, 1H and 13C NMR spectroscopy. The
synthesized catalyst was fully characterized by XRD, SEM, and EDX techniques.

Materials and Methods:
The present methodology focuses on the condensation reaction of
arylmethylidenepyruvic acids with 3,4-methylenedioxyphenol, using a catalytic amount of Ag/CdS
nanocomposite (15 mol%) in aqueous media at room temperature to afford 8-aryl-8H-[1,3]dioxolo
[4,5-g]chromrne-6-carboxylic acids in high yields (90-97%) within short reaction times (2-4 h). The
Ag/CdS nanocomposite was also prepared by an ultrasonic-assisted sol-gel method.

Conclusion:
In conclusion, we have successfully synthesized novel 8-aryl-8H-[1,3]dioxolo[4,5-
g]chromrne-6-carboxylic acid derivatives by the Ag/CdS nanocomposite catalyzed cyclocondensation
reaction of arylmethylidenepyruvic acids with 3,4-methylenedioxyphenol under mild reaction
conditions. Environmentally benign procedure, high to excellent yields of products, simplicity of
operation, and use of readily available and recyclable catalyst are the advantages of this new
practical reaction.
Practical Implementation and Testing of RNN Based Synchronous Generator Internal-Fault Protection
Authors: Saeed Mohammed Ahmed , El-Saadawi Magdi 
Published: June 2018

Background:
Differential relay is normally used to detect faults in Synchronous Generator
(SG) stator windings. Nevertheless, detection of ground fault depends on the generator grounding type.
For high impedance grounding, the ground faults near the neutral terminal of the stator windings are not
detectable by the differential relay. So, the ability to identify the internal fault of SG is a very important
task for stable and safe operation of power systems.

Methods:
Accurate algorithms for fault detection and classification based on Recurrent Neural Network
(RNN) are suggested in this paper. RNNs are trained using different data available from SG MATLAB/
SIMULINK model. Simulation of different fault scenarios based on LabVIEWTM program is discussed.
The studied fault scenarios include; fault type, location, resistance and fault inception angle. The RNN
based algorithm is experimentally tested using an actual SG. Practical design and implementation of the
proposed fault detector and classifier are presented. The hardware system is designed and built to acquire
the currents at both ends of SG terminals.

Results:
The presented results confirm the effectiveness of the proposed algorithm to detect minor
ground faults near the neutral terminal (less than 5% of stator winding).

Conclusion:
The experimental analysis shows that the proposed RNN detects and classifies the internal
faults correctly, fastly and remain stable after the faults occur.
Cognitive Function Deficits Associated With Long-Duration Type 1 Diabetes and Vascular Complications
Authors: Musen Gail , Tinsley Liane J. , Marcinkowski Katrina A. , Pober David , Sun Jennifer K. , Khatri Maya , Huynh Richie , Lu Annie , King George L. , Keenan Hillary A. 
Published: June 2018

OBJECTIVE
Patients with type 1 diabetes now live long enough to experience cognitive decline. During middle age, they show mild cognitive deficits, but it is unknown whether severity increases with aging or whether cognitive profiles are similar to those of age-matched peers with and without diabetes.

RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS
We tested and compared cognition in 82 individuals with 50 or more years of type 1 diabetes (Medalists), 31 age-matched individuals with type 2 diabetes, and 30 age-matched control subjects without diabetes. Medical histories and biospecimens were collected. We also evaluated the association of complications with cognition in Medalists only.

RESULTS
Compared with control subjects, both individuals with type 1 diabetes and individuals with type 2 diabetes performed worse on immediate and delayed recall (P ≤ 0.002) and psychomotor speed in both hands (P ≤ 0.01) and showed a trend toward worse executive function (P = 0.05). In Medalists, cardiovascular disease was associated with decreased executive function and proliferative diabetic retinopathy with slower psychomotor speed.

CONCLUSIONS
Both patients with type 1 and patients with type 2 diabetes showed overall worse cognition than control subjects. Further, in Medalists, a relationship between complications and cognition was seen. Although both groups with diabetes showed similar deficit patterns, the underlying mechanisms may be different. Now that patients with type 1 diabetes are living longer, efforts should be made to evaluate cognition and to identify modifying behaviors to slow decline.
ADAPTASI ALAT UKUR PERSPECTIVE TAKING PADA REMAJA
Authors: Ayu Ni Putu , Agustiani Hendriati , Novianti Langgersari Elsari 
Published: June 2018

Saat menjalani masa perkembangannya, remaja lebih banyak berinteraksi dengan teman sebaya dibandingkan dengan keluarga inti. Ketika berinteraksi, individu dapat menemukan beragam macam sudut pandang. Kemampuan untuk memahami sudut pandang orang lain disebut kemampuan perspective taking. Kemampuan perspective taking yang matang dapat membantu individu untuk menciptakan relasi yang positif mengingat individu mampu memahami sudut pandang orang lain yang dapat saja berbeda dari dirinya. Untuk mengetahui kemampuan perspective taking matang atau tidak, peneliti memerlukan alat ukur. Namun, berdasarkan penelusuran jurnal dan buku, peneliti tidak menemukan alat ukur perspective taking yang sesuai mengukur remaja di Bandung. Dalam penelitian ini, peneliti bermaksud untuk mengadaptasi alat ukur perspective taking. Alat ukur yang diadaptasi adalah panduan wawancara yang dibuat oleh Selman pada tahun 1977 (Selman, 1980). Dalam proses adaptasi, peneliti mengalihbahasakan dan menyusun alat ukur yang sesuai dengan situasi dan kondisi remaja yang ada di Bandung. Responden penelitian ini sebanyak 55 orang yang berasal dari salah satu SMPN yang ada di bandung dengan kisaran usia 12-14 tahun. Hasil penelitian menjelaskan proses adaptasi dan hasil olah data dengan alat ukur perspective taking. Proses adaptasi meliputi (1) menjelaskan konsep karakteristik setiap level menjadi indikator yang lebih konkret dan mudah; (2) mengalihbahasakan alat ukur; (3) membuat administrasi alat ukur; (4) menyesuaikan cerita dan pertanyaan dengan karakteristik subyek penelitian, dan(5) membuat penilaian. Hasil olah data menunjukkan alat ukur ini memenuhi uji reliabilitas dan memiliki bukti validitas. Reliabilitas alat ukur menggunakan Intraclass Corelation Coefficient sebesar 0.96 (r = .96) dan bukti validitas alat ukur dengan bukti validitas konten. Dengan demikian, adaptasi alat ukur perspective taking mampu mengukur kemampuan perspective taking pada remaja usia 12-14 tahun di SMP Negeri XXX di Bandung. Kata kunci: Kemampuan Perspective Taking, Alat Ukur, Panduan Wawancara, Reliabilitas Interrater.
PERBEDAAN SIKAP IBU HAMIL TERHADAP DOKTER KANDUNGAN PRIA DAN WANITA
Authors: Tejena Nago , Aprodita Nindya Putri , Nuranti Keumala , Iskandarsyah Aulia 
Published: June 2018

Indonesia merupakan negara dengan jumlah penduduk terbesar keempat di dunia dengan penduduk yang mayoritas beragama Islam. Wanita muslim memegang nilai-nilai untuk membatasi interaksi fisik dengan lawan jenis, sehingga diasumsikan akan timbul kesulitan ketika bertemu dengan dokter kandungan pria. Penelitian ini bermaksud untuk mendapatkan gambaran perbedaan sikap ibu hamil terhadap dokter kandungan pria dan wanita. Partisipan penelitian ini adalah 132 ibu hamil beragama Islam yang mengenakan hijab, yang berada dalam masa kehamilan pertama. Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah metode komparatif dan pengambilan sampel menggunakan teknik purposive sampling. Sikap ibu hamil diukur melalui kuesioner yang dibuat berdasarkan teori Sikap (Ajzen, 2005). Selain itu, melalui kueisioner serupa juga dijaring data mengenai belief of competence. Reliabilitas alat ukur sikap berada dalam kategori tinggi (r = 0.889 untuk dokter pria dan r = 0.831 untuk dokter wanita), sedangkan reliabilitas alat ukur belief of competence berada pada kategori sangat tinggi (r = 0.95 untuk dokter pria dan wanita). Analisis data menggunakan teknik analisa kuantitatif dengan menggunakan uji beda T-test untuk membandingkan sikap terhadap dokter kandungan pria dan wanita, serta analisis regresi untuk melihat kontribusi belief of competence pada sikap partisipan. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa sikap ibu hamil terhadap dokter wanita secara significant lebih positif dibandingkan dokter pria (t(262) = 3.87, p < 0.001). Faktor gender, budaya, dan agama dinilai sebagai kontributor terhadap sikap ini. Sementara ketika ibu hamil memiliki sikap positif terhadap dokter pria, belief of competence dinilai sebagai faktor yang paling berkontribusi (R2 = 0.46, p < 0.001). Kata kunci—Sikap, Ibu Hamil, Dokter Kandungan, Studi Komparatif
Threonine in broiler diets: an updated review
Authors: Qaisrani Shafqat Nawaz , Ahmed Ibrar , Azam Faheem , Bibi Fehmida , Saima  , Pasha Talat Naseer , Azam Farooq 
Published: June 2018

Abstract
Threonine (Thr) is the third limiting essential amino acid after methionine and lysine in cornsoybean based diets of broilers. Dietary imbalance of Thr, therefore, results in a poor growth performance in broilers. This review summarizes literature data on the known effects of dietary levels of Thr on growth performance, gut morphology, immunity and carcass characteristics in broilers. Due to continuous improvement in genetic potential and management practices for poultry production, dietary Thr requirements are changing. A number of studies have shown that supplementation of Thr in broiler diet at a higher level than the current NRC recommendation (0.74-0.81%), increases body weight gain, feed conversion ratio, and improves gut morphology, carcass quality and immune status, mainly by enhancing the functional capability of digestive system and immune organs (spleen, bursa, and thymus). According to the literature data discussed in this review, the minimal and maximal total dietary Thr levels for healthy birds reared in normal conditions were 0.67 and 0.90% for growth performance, 0.77 and 1.1% for a better gut health, 0.60 and 1.02% for immunity and 0.62 and 0.97% for better carcass characteristics. This background provides impetus to further investigate the exact level of Thr and its effects on growth performance, gut morphology, immunity and carcass characteristics in broilers.