bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Pseudomonas putida rDNA is a favored site for the expression of biosynthetic genes
Authors: Domröse Andreas , Hage-Hülsmann Jennifer , Thies Stephan , Weihmann Robin , Kruse Luzie , Otto Maike , Wierckx Nick , Jaeger Karl-Erich , Drepper Thomas , Loeschcke Anita 
Published: May 2019

AbstractSince high-value bacterial secondary metabolites, including antibiotics, are often naturally produced in only low amounts, their efficient biosynthesis typically requires the transfer of entire metabolic pathways into suitable bacterial hosts like Pseudomonas putida. Stable maintenance and sufficient expression of heterologous pathway-encoding genes in host microbes, however, still remain key challenges. In this study, the 21 kb prodigiosin gene cluster from Serratia marcescens was used as a reporter to identify genomic sites in P. putida KT2440 especially suitable for maintenance and expression of pathway genes. After generation of a strain library by random Tn5 transposon-based chromosomal integration of the cluster, 50 strains exhibited strong prodigiosin production. Remarkably, chromosomal integration sites were exclusively identified in the seven rRNA-encoding rrn operons of P. putida. We could further demonstrate that prodigiosin production was mainly dependent on (i) the individual rrn operon where the gene cluster was inserted as well as (ii) the distance between the rrn promoter and the inserted prodigiosin biosynthetic genes. In addition, the recombinant strains showed high stability upon subculturing for many generations. Consequently, our findings demonstrate the general applicability of rDNA loci as chromosomal integration sites for gene cluster expression and recombinant pathway implementation in P. putida KT2440.
Cauliflower mosaic virus transactivator protein (TAV) can suppress nonsense-mediated decay by targeting VARICOSE, a scaffold protein of the decapping complex
Authors: Lukhovitskaya Nina , Ryabova Lyubov A. 
Published: May 2019

AbstractDuring pathogenesis, viruses hijack the host cellular machinery to access molecules and sub-cellular structures needed for infection. We have evidence that the multifunctional viral translation transactivator/viroplasmin (TAV) protein from Cauliflower mosaic virus (CaMV) can function as a suppressor of nonsense-mediated mRNA decay (NMD). TAV interacts specifically with a scaffold protein of the decapping complex VARICOSE (VCS) in the yeast two-hybrid system, and co-localizes with components of the decapping complex in planta. Notably, plants transgenic for TAV accumulate endogenous NMD-elicited mRNAs, while decay of AU-rich instability element (ARE)-signal containing mRNAs are not affected. Using an agroinfiltration-based transient assay we confirmed that TAV specifically stabilizes mRNA containing a premature termination codon (PTC) in a VCS-dependent manner. We have identified a TAV motif consisting of 12 of the 520 amino acids in the full-length sequence that is critical for both VCS binding and the NMD suppression effect. Our data suggest that TAV can intercept NMD by targeting the decapping machinery through the scaffold protein VARICOSE, indicating that 5′-3′ mRNA decapping is a late step in NMD-related mRNA degradation in plants.
Increased elasticity of melanoma cells after low-LET proton beam due to actin cytoskeleton rearrangements
Authors: Jasińska-Konior Katarzyna , Wiecheć Olga , Sarna Michał , Panek Agnieszka , Swakoń Jan , Michalik Marta , Urbańska Krystyna , Elas Martyna 
Published: May 2019

AbstractCellular response to non-lethal radiation stress include perturbations in DNA repair, angiogenesis, migration, and adhesion, among others. Low-LET proton beam radiation has been shown to induce somewhat different biological response than photon radiation. For example, we have shown that non-lethal doses of proton beam radiation inhibited migration of cells and that this effect persisted long-term. Here, we have examined cellular elasticity and actin cytoskeleton organization in BLM cutaneous melanoma and Mel270 uveal melanoma cells. Proton beam radiation increased cellular elasticity to a greater extent than X-rays and both types of radiation induced changes in actin cytoskeleton organization. Vimentin level increased in BLM cells after both types of radiation. Our data show that cell elasticity increased substantially after low-LET proton beam and persisted long after radiation. This may have significant consequences for the migratory properties of melanoma cells, as well as for the cell susceptibility to therapy.
Brain Activity Related to Sound Symbolism: Cross-modal Effect of an Aurally Presented Phoneme on Judgment of Size
Authors: Itagaki Sachi , Murai Shota , Kobayasi Kohta I. 
Published: May 2019

AbstractSound symbolism is the idea that a sound makes a certain impression (e.g., phoneme “p” is associated with an impression of smallness) and could be the psychological basis of the word–meaning association. In this study, we investigated the neural basis of sound symbolism. Subjects were required to compare the visual sizes of standard and target stimuli while listening to syllables assumed to create either a larger or smaller impression. Stimulus–response congruence is defined as the agreement between the target size and the syllable’s impression. Behavioral data showed that the subjects displayed a longer reaction time under the incongruent condition than under the congruent condition, indicating that they tended to associate the object size with certain syllables. We used functional magnetic resonance imaging to evaluate the cerebral activity during the task, and found that both semantic- and phonetic-process-related areas of the brain (left middle temporal gyrus and right superior temporal gyrus, respectively) were activated under the incongruent condition. These results suggest that these regions are associated with the incongruence of sound symbolism.
Streptophyta and Acetic Acid Bacteria Succession Promoted by Brass in Slow Sand Filter System Schmutzdeckes
Authors: Delgado-Gardea Ma. Carmen E. , Tamez-Guerra Patricia , Gomez-Flores Ricardo , Garfio-Aguirre Mariela , Rocha-Gutiérrez Beatriz A. , Romo-Sáenz César I. , Zavala-Díaz de la Serna Francisco Javier , Eroza-de la Vega Gilberto , Sánchez-Ramírez Blanca , González-Horta María del Carmen , Infante-Ramírez María del Rocío 
Published: May 2019

AbstractMacro- and microorganism activities are important for the effectiveness of the slow sand filtration (SSF), where native microorganisms remove contaminants mainly by substrate competition, predation, and antagonism. The aim of the present study was to evaluate the addition of the oligodynamic metals iron, copper, and brass, inserted separately into SSF to enhance pollutant removal in water samples. Four laboratory-scale SSFs were built and tested: control, iron, copper, and brass. Water analysis included physicochemical evaluation, total and fecal coliform quantification. An analysis on microbial communities in the SSFs schmutzdecke was achieved by using 16S rRNA amplification, the Illumina MiSeq platform, and the QIIME bioinformatics software. The results demonstrated that inorganic and organic contaminants such as coliforms were removed up to 90%. The addition of metals had no significant effect (p > 0.05) on the other parameters. The microbial community analysis demonstrated different compositions of the SSF with brass-influent, where the eukaryote Streptophyta was predominant (31.4%), followed by the acetic acid bacteria Gluconobacter (24.6%), and Acetobacteraceae (7.7%), these genera were absent in the other SSF treatments. In conclusion, the use of a SSF system can be a low cost alternative to reduce microbial contamination in water and thus reduce gastrointestinal diseases in rural areas.
A new perspective on the 137Cs retention mechanism in surface soils during the early stage after the Fukushima nuclear accident
Authors: Koarashi Jun , Nishimura Syusaku , Atarashi-Andoh Mariko , Muto Kotomi , Matsunaga Takeshi 
Published: May 2019

AbstractThe Fukushima Daiichi nuclear power plant accident caused serious radiocesium (137Cs) contamination of the soil in multiple terrestrial ecosystems. Soil is a complex system where minerals, organic matter, and microorganisms interact with each other; therefore, an improved understanding of the interactions of 137Cs with these soil constituents is key to accurately assessing the environmental consequences of the accident. Soil samples were collected from field, orchard, and forest sites in July 2011, separated into three soil fractions with different mineral–organic interaction characteristics using a density fractionation method, and then analyzed for 137Cs content, mineral composition, and organic matter content. The results show that 20–71% of the 137Cs was retained in association with relatively mineral-free, particulate organic matter (POM)-dominant fractions in the orchard and forest surface soil layers. Given the physicochemical and mineralogical properties and the 137Cs extractability of the soils, 137Cs incorporation into the complex structure of POM is likely the main mechanism for 137Cs retention in the surface soil layers. Therefore, our results suggest that a significant fraction of 137Cs is not immediately immobilized by clay minerals and remains potentially mobile and bioavailable in surface layers of organic-rich soils.
Butyrate, a metabolite of intestinal bacteria, enhances sleep
Authors: Szentirmai Éva , Millican Nicklaus S. , Massie Ashley R. , Kapás Levente 
Published: May 2019

AbstractEmerging evidence suggests that the intestinal microbiota is a source of sleep-promoting signals. Bacterial metabolites and components of the bacterial cell wall are likely to provide important links between the intestinal commensal flora and sleep-generating mechanisms in the brain. Butyrate is a short-chain fatty acid produced by the intestinal bacteria by the fermentation of nondigestible polysaccharides. We tested the hypothesis that butyrate may serve as a bacterial-derived sleep-promoting signal. Oral gavage administration of tributyrin, a butyrate pro-drug, elicited an almost 50% increase in non-rapid-eye movement sleep (NREMS) in mice for 4 hours after the treatment. Similarly, intraportal injection of butyrate led to prompt and robust increases in NREMS in rats. In the first 6 hours after the butyrate injection, NREMS increased by 70%. Both the oral and intraportal administration of butyrate led to a significant drop in body temperature. Systemic subcutaneous or intraperitoneal injection of butyrate did not have any significant effect on sleep or body temperature. The results suggest that the sleep-inducing effects of butyrate are mediated by a sensory mechanism located in the liver and/or in the portal vein wall. Hepatoportal butyrate-sensitive mechanisms may play a role in sleep modulation by the intestinal microbiota.
Unusual Conductance Fluctuations and Quantum Oscillation in Mesoscopic Topological Insulator PbBi4Te7
Authors: Mal Priyanath , Das Bipul , Lakhani Archana , Bera Ganesh , Turpu G. R. , Wu Jong-Ching , Tomy C. V. , Das Pradip 
Published: May 2019

AbstractWe present a detail study of Shubinikov-de-Haas (SdH) oscillations accompanied by conductance fluctuations in a mesoscopic topological insulator PbBi4Te7 device. From SdH oscillations, the evidence of Dirac fermions with π Berry phase is found and the experimentally determined two main Fermi wave vectors are correlated to two surface Dirac cones (buried one inside the other) of layered topological insulator PbBi4Te7. We have also found evidence of conductance fluctuations, the root mean square amplitude of which is much higher than the usual universal conductance fluctuations observed in nanometer size sample. Calculated autocorrelation functions indicate periodic unique fluctuations may be associated with the topological surface states in the compound.
The efficiency and safety of steroid addition to multimodal cocktail periarticular injection in knee joint arthroplasty: a meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials
Authors: Deng Zhenhan , Li Yusheng , Storm Garrett R. , Kotian Ronak Naveenchandra , Sun Xuying , Lei Guanghua , Gao Shanshan , Lu Wei 
Published: May 2019

AbstractSteroids are frequently used for postoperative pain relief without definite evidence. This study was conducted to assess the pain management effect of the addition of steroids to a multimodal cocktail periarticular injection (MCPI) in patients undergoing knee arthroplasty and evaluate their safety. Pubmed, Embase, and Cochrane Library were searched through April, 2018. A total of 918 patients from ten randomized controlled trials (RCTs) were ultimately included. Compared with placebo groups, steroids application could effectively relieve pain on postoperative day (POD)1; decrease C-Reactive protein (CRP) level on POD3; improve range of motion (ROM) in postoperative 5 days; reduce morphine consumption, achieve earlier straight leg raising (SLR), and shorten the length of stay (LOS) in hospital. With regards to adverse effects, it did not increase the risk of postoperative infection, postoperative nausea and vomiting (PONV), or other complications. However, no significant difference in pain relief, ROM, or increased Knee Society Knee Function Scores were found during long-term follow up. Overall, this meta-analysis ensured the efficiency and safety of steroids with MCPI in knee arthroplasty patients during the early postoperative period.
Impacts of orography on large-scale atmospheric circulation
Authors: Sandu Irina , van Niekerk Annelize , Shepherd Theodore G. , Vosper Simon B. , Zadra Ayrton , Bacmeister Julio , Beljaars Anton , Brown Andrew R. , Dörnbrack Andreas , McFarlane Norman , Pithan Felix , Svensson Gunilla 
Published: May 2019

AbstractSome of the largest and most persistent circulation errors in global numerical weather prediction and climate models are attributable to the inadequate representation of the impacts of orography on the atmospheric flow. Existing parametrization approaches attempting to account for unresolved orographic processes, such as turbulent form drag, low-level flow blocking or mountain waves, have been successful to some extent. They capture the basic impacts of the unresolved orography on atmospheric circulation in a qualitatively correct way and have led to significant progress in both numerical weather prediction and climate modelling. These approaches, however, have apparent limitations and inadequacies due to poor observational evidence, insufficient fundamental knowledge and an ambiguous separation between resolved and unresolved orographic scales and between different orographic processes. Numerical weather prediction and climate modelling has advanced to a stage where these inadequacies have become critical and hamper progress by limiting predictive skill on a wide range of spatial and temporal scales. More physically based approaches are needed to quantify the relative importance of apparently disparate orographic processes and to account for their combined effects in a rational and accurate way in numerical models. We argue that, thanks to recent advances, significant progress can be made by combining theoretical approaches with observations, inverse modelling techniques and high-resolution and idealized numerical simulations.
Wuchereria bancrofti filaria activates human dendritic cells and polarizes T helper 1 and regulatory T cells via toll-like receptor 4
Authors: Mukherjee Suprabhat , Karnam Anupama , Das Mrinmoy , Babu Santi P. Sinha , Bayry Jagadeesh 
Published: May 2019

AbstractInteraction between innate immune cells and parasite plays a key role in the immunopathogenesis of lymphatic filariasis. Despite being professional antigen presenting cells critical for the pathogen recognition, processing and presenting the antigens for mounting T cell responses, the dendritic cell response and its role in initiating CD4+ T cell response to filaria, in particular Wuchereria bancrofti, the most prevalent microfilaria is still not clear. Herein, we demonstrate that a 70 kDa phosphorylcholine-binding W. bancrofti sheath antigen induces human dendritic cell maturation and secretion of several pro-inflammatory cytokines. Further, microfilarial sheath antigen-stimulated dendritic cells drive predominantly Th1 and regulatory T cell responses while Th17 and Th2 responses are marginal. Mechanistically, sheath antigen-induced dendritic cell maturation, and Th1 and regulatory T cell responses are mediated via toll-like receptor 4 signaling. Our data suggest that W. bancrofti sheath antigen exploits dendritic cells to mediate distinct CD4+ T cell responses and immunopathogenesis of lymphatic filariasis.
Treatment of volumetric muscle loss in mice using nanofibrillar scaffolds enhances vascular organization and integration
Authors: Nakayama Karina H. , Quarta Marco , Paine Patrick , Alcazar Cynthia , Karakikes Ioannis , Garcia Victor , Abilez Oscar J. , Calvo Nicholas S. , Simmons Chelsey S. , Rando Thomas A. , Huang Ngan F. 
Published: May 2019

AbstractTraumatic skeletal muscle injuries cause irreversible tissue damage and impaired revascularization. Engineered muscle is promising for enhancing tissue revascularization and regeneration in injured muscle. Here we fabricated engineered skeletal muscle composed of myotubes interspersed with vascular endothelial cells using spatially patterned scaffolds that induce aligned cellular organization, and then assessed their therapeutic benefit for treatment of murine volumetric muscle loss. Murine skeletal myoblasts co-cultured with endothelial cells in aligned nanofibrillar scaffolds form endothelialized and aligned muscle with longer myotubes, more synchronized contractility, and more abundant secretion of angiogenic cytokines, compared to endothelialized engineered muscle formed from randomly-oriented scaffolds. Treatment of traumatically injured muscle with endothelialized and aligned skeletal muscle promotes the formation of highly organized myofibers and microvasculature, along with greater vascular perfusion, compared to treatment of muscle derived from randomly-oriented scaffolds. This work demonstrates the potential of endothelialized and aligned engineered skeletal muscle to promote vascular regeneration following transplantation.
QSO2 outflow characterization using data obtained with OSIRIS at the Gran Telescopio Canarias
Authors: Bellocchi Enrica , Villar Martín Montserrat , Cabrera–Lavers Antonio , Emonts Bjorn 
Published: May 2019

Context. Ionized outflows are ubiquitous in non-radio-loud obscured quasars (QSO2s) at different redshifts. However, the actual size of the outflows and their efficiency for gas ejection and star formation truncation are controversial. Large-scale (exceeding several kiloparsec) extended radio structures might be necessary to identify (even to trigger) outflow signatures across such large spatial scales.
Aims. We search for large-scale ionized outflows associated with six optically selected QSO2 (five non-radio-loud and one radio-loud) at z ∼ 0.2−0.5, targeting objects with extended radio structures. We also investigate the dynamical state of the QSO2 host galaxies.
Methods. We obtained data with the optical imager and long-slit spectrograph (OSIRIS) mounted on the 10.4m Gran Telescopio Canarias Spanish telescope (GTC) for these six QSO2 with the slit located along the radio axis. We traced the gas kinematics with the [OIII]λλ4959,5007 lines to investigate ionized outflows and characterize the dynamical state of the host galaxies. This second study was complemented with previously published spectroscopic data obtained with the multimode focal reducer and low dispersion spectrograph (FORS2) mounted on the Very Large Telescope (VLT) of 13 more QSO2 at similar z.
Results. We identify ionized outflows in four out of the six QSO2 observed with the GTC. The outflows are spatially unresolved in two QSO2 and compact in a third (radial size of R = 0.8 ± 0.3 kpc). Of particular interest is the radio-quiet QSO2 SDSS 0741+3020 at z = 0.47. It is associated with a giant ∼112 kpc nebula. An ionized outflow probably induced by the radio structures has been detected along the axis defined by the central ∼1″ radio structure, extending up to at least ∼4 kpc from the active galactic nucleus (AGN). Turbulent gas (σ ∼ 130 km s−1) has also been detected across the giant gas nebula up to ∼40 kpc from the AGN. This turbulence may have been induced by outflows triggered by the interaction between a so-far undetected large-scale radio source and the nebula. Regarding the dynamical state of the host galaxies, we find that the majority of the QSO2 show v/σ <  1, implying that they are dominated by random motions (so-called dispersion-dominated systems). Most (17 of 19) fall in the area of the E/S0 galaxies in the dynamical diagram v/σ versus σ. None are consistent with spiral or disk galaxies.
Untersuchung der Hautverträglichkeit einer Schmerzcreme auf der Grundlage ätherischer Öle nach wiederholter Anwendung
Authors: Görne Rainer 
Published: May 2019

ZusammenfassungZiel der Studie war der Vergleich der Hautverträglichkeit einer Schmerzcreme mit den Wirkstoffen Eukalyptus-, Pfefferminz- und Rosmarinöl (EPR) gegenüber der Salbengrundlage sowie Natriumlaurylsulfat und einer Negativkontrolle. Insgesamt wurden 34 hautgesunde Probanden beiderlei Geschlechts (7 Männer, 27 Frauen, 18–75 Jahre) in die Studie aufgenommen. Nach wiederholter, okklusiver Applikation der Testprodukte über 21 Tage betrug die mittlere Summe des Irritationsscores 0,1 Punkte für die Negativkontrolle (NC), 0,2 Punkte für die Salbengrundlage (VC), 0,9 Punkte für die Schmerzcreme (EPR) und 11,0 Punkte für 0,05 % Natriumlaurylsulfat (SLS). Diese Ergebnisse wurden auch durch die Messungen des transepidermalen Wasserverlusts (TEWL) unterstützt. Die Unterschiede der TEWL-Werte nach 21 Tagen waren signifikant für VC gegenüber SLS (p < 0,0001) und für EPR gegenüber SLS (p < 0,0001), was die Schädigung der Hautbarrierefunktion durch SLS, nicht aber durch EPR zeigt.Das mögliche Sensibilisierungspotenzial der Testformulierungen nach 21-tägiger okklusiver Applikation wurde unter Verwendung des Challenge-Patch-Tests nach einer Auswaschperiode von 2 Wochen bestimmt. 72 Stunden nach Applikation von EPR wurde lediglich bei einem von 34 Probanden ein schwaches Erythem beobachtet.Somit zeigten die getestete Schmerzcreme und ihre Cremegrundlage ein sehr niedriges Potenzial für Hautreizungen und Schädigung der Hautbarrierefunktion bei 21-tägiger okklusiver Anwendung. Ferner traten im Verlauf der Studie keine weiteren behandlungsbedingten unerwünschten Ereignisse auf.