bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
An experimental randomized study on the analgesic effects of pharmaceutical-grade cannabis in chronic pain patients with fibromyalgia
Authors: van de Donk Tine , Niesters Marieke , Kowal Mikael A. , Olofsen Erik , Dahan Albert , van Velzen Monique 
Published: December 2018

Abstract
In this experimental randomized placebo-controlled 4-way crossover trial, we explored the analgesic effects of inhaled pharmaceutical-grade cannabis in 20 chronic pain patients with fibromyalgia. We tested 4 different cannabis varieties with exact knowledge on their ∆9-tetrahydrocannabinol (THC) and cannabidiol (CBD) content: Bedrocan (22.4-mg THC, <1-mg CBD; Bedrocan International BV, Veendam, the Netherlands), Bediol (13.4-mg THC, 17.8-mg CBD; Bedrocan International BV, Veendam, the Netherlands), Bedrolite (18.4-mg CBD, <1-mg THC; Bedrocan International BV, Veendam, the Netherlands), and a placebo variety without any THC or CBD. After a single vapor inhalation, THC and CBD plasma concentrations, pressure and electrical pain thresholds, spontaneous pain scores, and drug high were measured for 3 hours. None of the treatments had an effect greater than placebo on spontaneous or electrical pain responses, although more subjects receiving Bediol displayed a 30% decrease in pain scores compared to placebo (90% vs 55% of patients, P = 0.01), with spontaneous pain scores correlating with the magnitude of drug high (ρ = −0.5, P < 0.001). Cannabis varieties containing THC caused a significant increase in pressure pain threshold relative to placebo (P < 0.01). Cannabidiol inhalation increased THC plasma concentrations but diminished THC-induced analgesic effects, indicative of synergistic pharmacokinetic but antagonistic pharmacodynamic interactions of THC and CBD. This experimental trial shows the complex behavior of inhaled cannabinoids in chronic pain patients with just small analgesic responses after a single inhalation. Further studies are needed to determine long-term treatment effects on spontaneous pain scores, THC–CBD interactions, and the role of psychotropic symptoms on pain relief.
The Development of an Assessment Tool to Measure the Clinical Performance of Orthopedic Residents
Authors: Cunningham Shala , Jackson Richard , Herbel Ken , Godges Joseph J. 
Published: December 2018

Introduction.
Residency programs have been developed to provide formal instruction and mentorship after professional education to accelerate the development of the physical therapists' knowledge, skills, and clinical decision making for patient management. An assessment tool that could be used during the assessment and treatment of patients would provide valuable information regarding the progression of the multiple skills required for a high level of clinical practice throughout residency education. The purpose of this study was to develop a reliable and valid tool to assess the multiple clinical skills used in the examination, evaluation, and treatment of patients with common musculoskeletal conditions.

Methods.
To meet the purpose, a sequential interrater reliability and known-groups validity study was performed. The original clinical performance assessment tool was developed using the practice dimensions outlined by the Orthopaedic Physical Therapy Description of Specialty Practice. The tool underwent 3 rounds of reliability testing. In addition, known-groups validity was established using residency graduates and experienced matched controls.

Results.
The overall reliability of the 64-item assessment tool was found to be high. Fifty-four of the items on the examination had high to perfect reliability and 10 items demonstrated moderate reliability. Furthermore, the tool was accurate in determining physical therapists with residency training versus experienced matched controls, establishing known-groups validity.

Discussion and Conclusion.
The assessment tool was able to evaluate clinical performance during patient care activities in both residency trained physical therapists and therapists without advanced instruction with a moderate to high interrater reliability on all items.
Quality Improvement Initiative to Improve Abuse Screening Among Infants With Extremity Fractures
Authors: Deutsch Stephanie Anne , Henry M. Katherine , Lin Winnie , Valentine Karen J. , Valente Christopher , Callahan James M. , Lavelle Jane , Scribano Philip V. , Wood Joanne N. 
Published: December 2018

Objectives
The aim of this study was to evaluate the effectiveness of clinical pathway implementation and quality improvement (QI) interventions to increase the percentage of infants with extremity fractures undergoing evaluation for suspected physical abuse, including skeletal survey (SS), and consultation with social work, and/or Child Protection Team.

Methods
Charts were retrospectively reviewed to establish percentage of infants less than 12 months old with extremity fractures undergoing an SS and consultation during the prepathway (January 1, 2012 to December 31, 2013) and postpathway (January 1, 2014 to June 30, 2015) periods. Using an Ishikawa framework, key process drivers were identified and additional QI interventions (clinical decision support and provider education) were developed and implemented. Impact of QI interventions on study metrics during active QI (July 1, 2015 to June 30, 2016) and post-QI periods (July 1, 2016 to December 31, 2016) was monitored using statistical process control charts. Logistic regression assessed predictors of obtaining an SS, consultation use, and occult fracture detection.

Results
Skeletal survey use pre- and postpathway averaged 40%, surpassing 60% on average during active QI and post-QI periods. Consultation performance averaged 46% pre- and postpathway, increasing to nearly 67% during active QI; consultation performance decreased during post-QI to 60%. A lack of trauma history and presence of femur or humerus fracture were associated with increased SS use and consultation (both P < 0.001). Overall 20% of SS revealed occult fractures.
Effects of Landiolol in Lipopolysaccharide-Induced Acute Kidney Injury in Rats and In Vitro
Authors: Kiyonaga Natsue , Moriyama Takahiro , Kanmura Yuichi 
Published: December 2018

ABSTRACT
The mechanisms by which landiolol, an ultra-short-acting, selective β-1 blocker, could improve septic acute kidney injury and how inflammation might affect mitochondrial function and cause the renal injury were examined. Male Wistar rats (250 g–300 g) were randomly allocated to three groups: a sham control group (n = 8); a lipopolysaccharide (LPS) group (n = 8); and an LPS + landiolol group (n = 8). LPS was administered intravenously at the start of the experiments; the LPS + landiolol group rats received LPS and continuous intravenous landiolol. Serum creatinine and lactate concentrations and hemodynamic parameters were measured 3 and 6 h after the experiments started. TNF-α, IL-1β, and IL-6 levels and urinary 8-OHdG concentrations were determined. The extent of LPS-induced renal injury and recovery with landiolol were examined histopathologically. Metabolic analysis in human embryonic kidney cells was performed using Seahorse analysis. The effects of landiolol on cytokine-induced mitochondrial stress and glycolytic stress were examined. Treatment with landiolol was shown to normalize serum creatinine and lactate levels following intravenous LPS administration (Cr: LPS group 0.8 ± 0.6 mg/mL, LPS + landiolol group 0.5 ± 0.1 mg/mL; P < 0.05). In the in vitro experiments, TNF-α induced an increase in mitochondrial oxygen consumption, which was attenuated by landiolol, which could represent a mechanism for renal protection. Landiolol may have protective effects on the cells and tissues of the kidney by inhibiting oxygen consumption and hypoxia caused by TNF-α in renal cells. These results suggest that landiolol may be an important new therapeutic target for treating inflammation-associated kidney injury.
Evolutionary significance of structural segments trailing beta strand 5 and alpha helix 10 in the design of catalytically active NAL superfamily
Authors: Kumar P. Manoj , Manoharan Prabu 
Published: December 2018

AbstractThe divergence in catalytic actions of N-acetyl neuraminic lyase (NAL) superfamily proteins, all of which have pyruvate as a substrate, suggests common ancestry. Lack of catalytic triad residues essential for binding pyruvate in annotated DHDPS proteins from Gram+veB.clausii(PDBid-3E96) andO.hiyensis(PDBid-3D0C) indicated that these proteins are inactive and therefore could be possible early ancestors. Analysis revealed that the most appropriate cavity of these proteins is voluminous and has an elongated topography compared to the trimmed side-wise tilted cavity topography in all other NAL superfamily proteins. Strength and the morphology of the interface regions contouring the cavity are the significant determinants of the topography. It is possible that evolutionary forces led to modulation of the structural segments following the beta strand 5 and alpha helix 10, which are significant participants of interfacial regions. Major structural motions captured by molecular dynamics simulation differentiated the motion of the structural segment following the beta strand 5 of primitive forms as towards the periphery regions of the proteins compared to motion towards core in evolved active forms. We suggest that the motion shift towards the core consequently opened entry channel for substrates and evolution of side-wise tilted cavity.
Trade regimes as a tool for cyber policy
Authors: Grindal Karl 
Published: December 2018

PurposeThis research develops a framework for assessing international trade regimes which could be used to address global cybersecurity challenges based on the corresponding costs of implementation and their distribution. Trade regimes, such as export controls, tariffs, investment restrictions and localization requirements, have disparate effects on foreign and domestic producers and consumers.Design/methodology/approachThese trade regimes and their effects are explored through a literature review and conceptual framework. A case study then assesses trends in the use of the Committee on Foreign Investment in the United States (CFIUS).FindingsCFIUS investment restrictions have justified blocking specific Chinese acquisitions of American companies, at least partially, on cybersecurity grounds using a targeted and evidence-based approach. Because of its targeted effect, CFIUS is the least likely of these trade regimes to block legitimate international trade. Restrictions on international trade, without sufficient cause, produce dead weight loss under the theory of comparative advantage.Originality/valueThese costs should be accounted for in any policy-based decision, particularly as policy entrepreneurs increasingly push for embedding cybersecurity reforms into these trade regimes. While the literature on trade regimes and cybersecurity is growing, this paper advances this research with its comparative framework.
Numerical modeling of Glauert type exponentially decaying wall jet flows of nanofluids using Tiwari and Das’ nanofluid model
Authors: Jafarimoghaddam Amin , Pop Ioan 
Published: December 2018

Purpose
The purpose of this study is to present a simple analytic solution to wall jet flow of nanofluids. The concept of exponentially decaying wall jet flows proposed by Glauert (1956) is considered.

Design/methodology/approach
A proper similarity variables are used to transform the system of partial differential equations into a system of ordinary (similarity) differential equations. This system is then solved analytically.

Findings
Dual solutions are found and a stability analysis has been done. These solutions show that the first solution is physically realizable, whereas the second solution is not practicable.

Originality/value
The present results are original and new for the study of fluid flow and heat transfer over a static permeable wall, as they successfully extend the problem considered by Glauert (1956) to the case of nanofluids.
Analysis of business models innovation – a multiple case study
Authors: Nunes Moema Pereira , Russo Ana Paola 
Published: December 2018

Purpose
This paper aims to analyze the business model innovation in medium and large Brazilian manufacturing companies located in Rio do Sul State.

Design/methodology/approach
A holistic multiple case study in five companies was developed. Data were collected through interviews and analyzed according to the content analysis technique.

Findings
The main motivation to business model innovation was the innovation in products and services, while the difficulties were the factors relating to the cost. The most common practice among cases was innovation in value proposition and the most widely used method was learning-by-searching. While part of the theory was demonstrated in the case studies, new motivations and practices were identified. The investigation of the learning process on business models’ innovation is pioneered in this study. Further studies on this subject are required.

Originality/value
New business models are likely to provide new opportunities to better address customer needs, generating differentiating itself from its competitors. It is a subject little investigated in the international context, and there are no studies to investigate the experience of Brazilian companies.
The goose that laid the golden eggs: personal data and the Internet of Things
Authors: Hirsch Peter Buell 
Published: December 2018

Purpose
This viewpoint is intended to examine the issue of the monetization of personal data and the risks to companies that fail to understand this trend.

Design/methodology/approach
This paper reviews the recent literature on the use and abuse of personal data to identify relevant trends and issues.

Findings
It is likely, whether through blockchain technology or some other means, that individual consumers will be able to monetize their data.

Research limitations/implications
As a review of secondary sources rather than original sources, the findings are anecdotal and not comprehensive.

Practical implications
In the rapidly changing environment of data privacy and security, one should anticipate that the findings may become outdated by sudden events such as a new global data privacy breach.

Social implications
Ownership of personal data and its use or abuse is one of the single most important social issues in today’s world, with profound implications for civil society.

Originality/value
While there have been numerous studies cataloguing attempts to create monetization platforms for consumer data, there are not many studies on the reputational risks for companies in handling data from the Internet of Things.
Characterization and optimization of laser sintering copolyamide/polyether sulfone hot-melt adhesive mixtures
Authors: Zhang Hui , Guo Yanling , Jiang Kaiyi , Bourell David , Li Jian , Yu Yueqiang 
Published: December 2018

Purpose
A new kind of polymer mixture (co-PA-PES) was prepared in different mass ratios, by mixing polyether sulfone hot-melt adhesive (PES-HmA) and copolyamide B249 (PA-B249). This study aims to investigate its characteristics of laser sintering and get the optimal process parameters.

Design/methodology/approach
The effect of mass ratio of co-PA-PES on thermal behavior was analyzed using a simultaneous thermal analyzer, and the density and mechanical properties of sintered parts were tested to evaluate the performance of the polymeric system. Scanning electron microscopy and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy were performed to characterize the microstructure and binding mechanism of sintered co-PA-PES parts. Specifically, mechanical properties of the mixture with 20 Wt.% PA-B249 were optimized based on a design of experiment methodology, along with the restriction of maximum absorbable laser energy density.

Findings
Liquid phase fusion was considered as the main sintering mechanism for co-PA-PES, and mechanical interlocking was the dominant binding mechanism. The effects of mass ratios of this material on the thermal properties, density and mechanical properties were obtained via data results. Additionally, compared to neat PES-HmA, co-20 Wt.% PA-PES showed a 71.7 per cent increase in tensile strength, 24.4 per cent increase in flexural strength and 102.1per cent increase in impact strength.

Originality/value
This paper proposed a new kind of polymer mixture as the feedstock for laser sintering with the advantages of low price and easy processing. The filler of PA-B249 effectively improved the performance of the polymer mixture, including but not limited to mechanical properties.
Role of integrity system, internal control system and leadership practices on the accountability practices in the public sectors of Malaysia
Authors: Alam Md. Mahmudul , Said Jamaliah , Abd Aziz Mohamad Azizal 
Published: December 2018

PurposeThis study aims to assess the status of current practices of accountability and its relationship with the practices of integrity system, internal control system and leadership qualities in the public sector of Malaysia.Design/methodology/approachThis study collected primary data from 109 departments and agencies under 24 federal ministries in Malaysia. The data were analysed under descriptive statistics, ordinal regression and structural equation modelling (SEM). Several diagnostic tests were conducted to check the validity and reliability of data and models, such as Cronbach alpha test, Kaiser–Meyer–Olkin test, Shapiro–Wilk test, internal consistency reliability, indicator reliability, convergent validity and discriminant validity.FindingsThe regression and SEM results show that the practices of integrity system and leadership quality had statistically significant positive relationship, but the practice of internal control system showed mixed relationship with the practices of accountability.Practical implicationsThe findings of the study will help the policymakers to ensure better accountability in the public sector in Malaysia and other countries.Originality/valueThis is an original study based on primary data to examine the current practices of accountability and its relationship with the practices of integrity system, internal control system and leadership qualities in the public sector of Malaysia.
Organizing for inter-organizational learning in service networks
Authors: Peronard Jean-Paul , Brix Jacob 
Published: December 2018

Purpose
The purpose of this study is to consolidate existing research on ‘service networks’ and to frame this literature as a new ‘context for learning’. Research from inter-organizational learning is used to qualify this consolidation and advances from inter-organizational learning are used to operationalize how service network actors in this new context can organize for inter-organizational learning to create more value for themselves and their customers.

Design/methodology/approach
By conceptualizing the learning context of a service network and the interrelated dimensions, an overview of the learning challenges for improved service performance is provided.

Findings
Inspired by the service triangle, the proposed framework highlights the learning challenges among two or more actors and the knowledge and skills needed for them to organize the service network. To build a collaboration characterized by trust, behaviors associated with transparency and receptivity are argued to be imperative.

Practical implications
The framework can increase the opportunities for inter-organizational learning in a service network. Knowing the learning context and the challenges associated with this learning allows for a more accurate intervention and allocation of resources to improve service network performance.

Originality/value
The novelty lies in the consolidation of the literature of service networks and the extension of the literature on inter-organizational learning hereto.
Treatment consensus for management of polymyositis and dermatomyositis among rheumatologists, neurologists and dermatologists
Authors: Kohsaka Hitoshi , Mimori Tsuneyo , Kanda Takashi , Shimizu Jun , Sunada Yoshihide , Fujimoto Manabu , Kawaguchi Yasushi , Jinnin Masatoshi , Muro Yoshinao , Ishihara Shoichiro , Tomimitsu Hiroyuki , Ohta Akiko , Sumida Takayuki 
Published: December 2018

AbstractAlthough rheumatologists, neurologists and dermatologists see patients with polymyositis (PM) and dermatomyositis (DM), their management appears to vary depending on the physician's specialty. The aim of the present study was to establish the treatment consensus among specialists of the three fields to standardize the patient care. We formed a research team supported by a grant from the Ministry of Health, Labor and Welfare, Japan. Clinical questions (CQ) on the management of PM and DM were raised. A published work search on CQ was performed primarily using PubMed. Using the nominal group technique, qualified studies and results in the published work were evaluated and discussed to reach consensus recommendations. They were sent out to the Japan College of Rheumatology, Japanese Society of Neurology and Japanese Dermatological Association for their approval. We reached a consensus in 23 CQ and made recommendations and a decision tree for management was proposed. They were officially approved by the three scientific societies. In conclusion, a multidisciplinary treatment consensus for the management of PM and DM was established for the first time.
Usefulness of ulceration and hyperkeratosis as clinical predictors of Merkel cell polyomavirus‐negative and combined Merkel cell carcinoma: A retrospective study
Authors: Nagase Kotaro , Kimura‐Kaku Hiromi , Inoue Takuya , Shinogi Taro , Narisawa Yutaka 
Published: December 2018

AbstractMerkel cell carcinoma is a rare neuroendocrine carcinoma of the skin that is associated with Merkel cell polyomavirus (MCPyV). The clinical appearance and demographic characteristics of this tumor have been described using the mnemonic AEIOU: asymptomatic, expanding rapidly, immune suppression, older than 50 years, and ultraviolet‐exposed fair skin. In addition, MCC can be categorized based on morphology as pure MCC or combined MCC that exhibits neuroendocrine and other phenotypic elements. There is limited information regarding the clinical characteristics and prognosis of combined MCC. This retrospective study aimed to identify factors, such as ulceration or hyperkeratosis, that could predict MCPyV status and morphological variants. Twenty patients with MCC were divided into groups based on MCPyV status and morphology: MCPyV‐positive or MCPyV‐negative MCC and pure or combined MCC. The patients’ MCPyV status was immunohistochemically determined using the CM2B4 antibody to the MCPyV large T‐antigen. The patients’ clinicopathological characteristics were evaluated to identify predictors of MCPyV‐negative MCC and combined MCC. The presence of ulceration/hyperkeratosis predicted the presence of MCPyV‐negative MCC (80% of cases) and combined MCC (50% of cases). None of the 10 patients with MCPyV‐positive MCC had ulceration/hyperkeratosis. The clinical presence of ulceration/hyperkeratosis may help guide the diagnosis of MCPyV‐negative MCC and combined MCC.