bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Astigmatic Refraction Using Peaks of the Interferogram Fourier Transform for a Talbot Moiré Interferometer
Authors: Sarver Edwin J , Van Heugten Tony Y , Padrick Thomas D , Hall Max T 
Published: January 2019

ABSTRACT
PURPOSE: To calculate the spectacle correction from a Talbot Moiré wavefront sensor using the location of peaks in the Fourier transform of the interferogram image.
METHODS: A relationship was developed between the spectacle correction for an ocular wavefront and the location of Fourier transform peaks in the aberrated interferogram. These spectral peaks were located to subpixel accuracy using a two-dimensional polynomial fit. A Talbot Moiré wavefront system was developed to collect examination images from an astigmatic model eye and human eyes. The authors' Fourier transform calculation procedure was applied to captured interferogram and results were tabulated.
RESULTS: Five examinations were made of the astigmatic model eye. The mean sphere and cylinder were -4.26 D (SD = 0.004) and -2.90 D (SD = 0.008), respectively. The axis for all measurements was 92°. These values were consistent with the model eye design parameters. The patient was a 46-year-old man with best spectacle-corrected visual acuity of 20/20. Ten examinations were made of the patient's eye. The mean sphere and cylinder were -0.09 D (SD = 0.11) and -1.45 D (SD = 0.14) , respectively. The mean axis was 69.1° (SD = 1.29°). The calculation time was 46 ms per image running on a 3.6-GHz PC using 512x512 fast Fourier transforms. This processing time is fast enough for real-time acquisition and display of a patient's refractive state.
CONCLUSIONS: The Fourier transform calculations provided a fast and simple method of determining the spectacle correction in an aberrated ocular wavefront imaged by a Talbot Moir? wavefront sensor. [J Refract Surg. 2007;23:972-977.]
Comparison of Laser Epithelial Keratomileusis With and Without Mitomycin C for Wavefront Customized Surface Ablations
Authors: Nakano Eliane Mayumi , Bains Harkaran S , Hirai Flavio Eduardo , Portellinha Waldir , Oliveira Marivaldo , Nakano Kozo 
Published: January 2019

ABSTRACT
PURPOSE: To investigate the efficacy of mitomycin C (MMC) in preventing haze formation in surface wavefront customized ablations with successful refractive treatment (laser epithelial keratomileusis [LASEK]) and to evaluate the safety of this technique on corneal stroma and endothelium.
METHODS: This study was a prospective, doublemasked, randomized clinical trial involving 52 eyes (30 placebo and 22 MMC) of 26 patients. The manifest refractive spherical equivalent (MRSE), best spectaclecorrected visual acuity, uncorrected visual acuity, corneal pachymetry, topography, aberrometry, endothelial specular microscopy, contrast sensitivity, corneal confocal microscopy, and complaints of pain via a subjective questionnaire were recorded preoperatively and 90 days postoperatively.
RESULTS: The mean MRSE at 90 days postoperatively was -0.56 diopters (D) (-4.95±1.85 D, range: -8.00 to -1.62 D) for the MMC group and -0.49 D (-4.51±1.81 D, range: -7.75 to -2.25 D) for the placebo group. Higher order aberrations were similar between the placebo and MMC groups 90 days postoperatively (0.538±0.228µ?? and 0.478±0.134µ??, respectively). Analysis of the endothelial cell count indicated a statistically significant decrease in endothelial cell density (P=. 017) after LASEK, independent of MMC use.
CONCLUSIONS: The predictability of the final target refraction, induction of high order aberrations, and improvement in contrast sensitivity proved that the use of MMC was equally safe when compared to procedures that did not use MMC. In addition, the procedure was efficient in the prevention of corneal haze. [J Refract Surg. 2007;23:S1021-S1028.]
Wavefront-Versus Topography-guided Customized Ablations With the NIDEK EC-5000 CX II in Surface Ablation Treatment: Refractive and Aberrometric Outcomes
Authors: Vinciguerra Paolo , Albè Elena , Camesasca Fabrizio I , Trazza Silvia , Epstein Daniel 
Published: January 2019

ABSTRACT
PURPOSE: To compare the long-term refractive outcomes and changes in higher order wavefront aberrations in patients undergoing photorefractive keratectomy (PRK) with topography-guided (CATz) or wavefront-guided (OPDCAT) ablation algorithm using the NIDEK Advanced Vision Excimer Laser System (NAVEX).
METHODS: A retrospective 12 -month follow-up study was conducted of 226 eyes undergoing PRK. The NIDEK EC-5000 CX Il excimer laser and Final Fit 1.11 treatment planning software were used. Sixty-eight eyes underwent OPDCAT ablation and 158 eyes underwent CATz ablation. Mean preoperative manifest refractive spherical equivalent (MRSE) was -5.73±2.03 diopters (D) (range: -11.25 to -2.50 D) in the OPDCAT group and -3.77±3.78 D (range: -12.50 to -5.75 D) in the CATz group.
RESULTS: At 12 months postoperatively, mean MRSE was 0.05 D for the OPDCAT group and piano for the CATz group. Stability was similar in both groups as were visual outcomes. No eyes lost 2 or more lines of BSCVA at 6 months postoperatively or later. Mean ocular wavefront higher order aberrations at 3 months postoperatively were 0.44±0.17 µ?? for the OPDCAT group and 0.55±0.27 /im for the CATz group.
CONCLUSIONS: Refractive outcomes were equivalent between eyes that underwent PRK with wavefront-guided ablation and those that underwent topography-guided ablation. [J Refract Surg. 2007;23:S1029-S1036.]
Confocal Microscopy of Corneal Wound Healing After Ho:YAG Laser Thermokeratoplasty
Authors: Doga Alexander V , Mushkova Irina A , Maychuk Nataliya V 
Published: January 2019

ABSTRACT
PURPOSE: To investigate corneal wound healing using confocal microscopy in patients who underwent laser thermokeratoplasty (LTK) for hyperopia between +1.50 and +3.00 diopters (D).
METHODS: In a prospective, nonrandomized study, 78 eyes of 42 patients were followed for 1 year using contact and non-contact confocal microscopy to evaluate corneal appearance after LTK with the Oko-1 Ho: YAG laser. The NIDEK Confoscan 4, 2Ox non-contact lens and 4Ox contact lens, was used to evaluate the morphology of the corneal layers. The Oko-1 laser was used to reduce or eliminate hyperopic refractive error. Patients underwent confocal microscopy measurement preoperatively, 1 and 2 weeks and 1, 3, 6, and 12 months after LTK. Individual examinations were reviewed and classified by the investigators.

RESULTS: Preoperatively, spherical hyperopia was +2.11±0.21 D (range: +1.50 to +2.75 D). At 3 months postoperatively, the mean manifest refractive spherical equivalent (MRSE) was +0.11±0.02 D and +0.21±0.02 D at 1 year. Mean corneal pachymetry was 631.6±8.40 µm preoperatively, 637.4±12.7 µm at 3 months, and 608.4 ±31. 7 µm at 1 year. The mean endothelial cell density was 2771.4 ±28.4 cells/mm
p 2
preoperatively, 2709.4±122.3 cells/mm
p 2
at 3 months, and 2693.2±139.1 cells/mm
p 2
at 1 year. Activated keratocytes were present at 3 months postoperatively, which decreased over the course of 1 year.

CONCLUSIONS: Laser thermokeratoplasty for low to moderate hyperopia using the Oko-1 results in formation of intrastromal fibrosis with minimal changes in corneal morphology outside the sites of treatment. [J Refract Surg. 2007;23:S1046-S1049.]
Pedagogical knowledge of teaching fights by trainers in an informal environment
Authors: Lopes Jefferson Campos , Palomares Edson Godoy , Palomares Barbara Agostini , Aranha Agata Marques , Silva Fabien Pereira 
Published: January 2019

PurposeThe aim of the study was to present an investigation into the educational components of teaching fights with the methodologies used in the process of teaching and learning within formal and informal contexts.MethodsThe study is characterized as qualitative, descriptive, and exploratory and was carried out among 8 trainers of each mode (karate, judo, taekwondo, jiu-jitsu, capoeira, muay thai, wrestling, and boxing). An in-depth interview based on a semi-structured, adapted questionnaire was applied.ResultsThe analysis revealed that the sources of knowledge were numerous and varied, with academic and professional experience as the main sources of professional knowledge. The views of the trainers differed in the ways of teaching of each mode when it came to progression patterns, sequence, emphasis on the content organization, design mode of teaching skills, and level of scope.ConclusionsTeachers always learn from their students and build their knowledge together. However, fighting is still taught predominantly by giving preferences to mechanical learning of technical gestures. It is necessary to teach content by elaborating new approaches from practical experiences. Further research is needed in the field of sports pedagogy with would focus on the corporal practices, and historical and sociological significance of fighting.
The effects of concurrent visual feedback on the control of swimming intensities above the onset of blood lactate accumulation
Authors: Szczepan Stefan , Zaton Krystyna , Borkowski Jacek 
Published: January 2019

PurposeEffective control of swimming speed can increase training effectiveness and therefore enhance training adaptations. The aim of the present study was to investigate the effects of concurrent visual feedback on swimming speed at an exercise intensity above the onset of blood lactate accumulation (OBLA).MethodsThe study involved 12 healthy male and female swim team members. The participants executed two 200-m freestyle trials within an individually predetermined swim time matching an exercise intensity above OBLA (exercise zone 4). In one trial, no additional information was provided, whereas concurrent visual feedback was given on swimming speed in the other.ResultsConcurrent visual feedback narrowed the discrepancy between the predetermined and obtained swimming times (<i>p</i> < 0.001). This improvement in swimming time (accuracy) showed a negative correlation with the increase in post-trial lactate concentration. The correlation between the difference in the predetermined and obtained times and the increase in lactate was <i>R</i> = –0.46 when no visual feedback was provided but <i>R</i> = –0.64 with visual feedback, with the latter result statistically significant (<i>p</i> = 0.024).ConclusionsConcurrent visual feedback allows swimmers to consistently maintain a predetermined swimming speed and therefore keep the specified exercise intensity as evidenced by the increase in lactate concentration. This can result in more effective execution of training goals and thereby enhance training outcomes.
Contribution of some physical characteristics to unipedal non-dominant lower limb balance among footballers
Authors: Fasuyi Francis Oluwafunso , Adegoke Babatunde Olusola 
Published: January 2019

PurposeThe objective was to determine the correlations between age, body mass index, foot length, tibia length, and calf circumference – and unipedal non-dominant lower limb balance (UNLLB), on the basis of the contributions of each physical attribute to UNLLB performance among professional football players in a Nigerian National Football League club.MethodsThis descriptive correlational study involved 32 purposively recruited male professional football players who met the inclusion criteria. The participants’ age was recorded along with height, weight, foot length, tibia length, and calf circumference, measured with standardized procedures, while their UNLLB was assessed with the use of a Wii Balance Board. The primary outcome measure was UNLLB, reflecting the centre of pressure parameters. The data were analysed with the Spearman rank order correlation; stepwise multiple linear regression analysis was used to explore the contributions of the selected variables to UNLLB at 0.05 alpha levels.ResultsAll physical attributes except age were significantly correlated with UNLLB. The stepwise regression analysis showed limb length (13.2%, <i>p</i> = 0.023, <i>f</i><sup>2</sup> = 0.191), calf circumference (22.3%, <i>p</i> = 0.004, <i>f</i><sup>2</sup> = 0.329), and weight (11.5%, <i>p</i> = 0.033, <i>f</i><sup>2</sup> = 0.167) to be significant contributors to UNLLB with visual input allowed, while tibia length (14.9%, <i>p</i> = 0.017, <i>f</i><sup>2</sup> = 0.215) and foot length (9.5%, <i>p</i> = 0.048, <i>f</i><sup>2</sup> = 0.142) were significant predictors with visual input denied.ConclusionsLimb length, calf circumference, body weight, tibia length, and foot length are significant predictors of UNLLB among professional footballers.
Development of manual dexterity in preschool children
Authors: Czajka Kamila , Kołodziej Małgorzata , Kochan Katarzyna , Sławińska Teresa 
Published: January 2019

PurposeThe aim of the study is to identify the changes in manual dexterity that occur in preschool children.MethodsThe sample consisted of 79 healthy preschool children from Wroclaw, Poland. Manual dexterity was assessed twice: at the beginning of the school year and 9 months later at the end. The mean age of the group was 5.98 ± 0.45 years (initial assessment) and 6.86 ± 0.35 years (final assessment). Motor performance was evaluated with the <i>Motorische Leistungsserie</i> (MLS) test. Statistical analysis was carried out with ANOVA, and the percentage change of each parameter was calculated for the 9-month study period. Differences were considered significant at <i>p</i> < 0.05.ResultsThere was a 45% improvement in steadiness, which shows that the children were more able to hold their hands in a given position without shaking for a prolonged time. The children made significant progress in grasping and carrying small objects with fingers and placing them in sequential openings on the work surface of the test apparatus in a vertical line, performing better than adults in this regard. The results for the aiming subtest improved by over 20% in the children examined. The rate of tapping increased by almost 8%. Improvements in line tracing, however, were limited to the accuracy of performing the subtest.ConclusionsThe results of the study reveal the need for longitudinal studies on this topic. Selected parameters of manual dexterity in preschool children improved from 4% to 45% over the course of the 9-month school year.
Embolisation of pulmonary arteriovenous malformations – case series
Authors: Vidjak Vinko , Štula Ivana , Matijevic Filip , Kavur Lovro , Sertić Milić Helga , Blašković Darko 
Published: January 2019

PurposePulmonary arteriovenous malformations (PAVM) are the direct communications between the pulmonary arteries and veins. These malformations can cause serious complications, and most of these patients should be treated. Herein we present our experience in the treatment of 18 cases of PAVM, treated with endovascular embolisation.Material and methodsEighteen patients with PAVMs underwent endovascular embolisation during a five-year period. Eight were male and 10 were female, with ages ranging from 16 to 65 years. Standard steel coils and vascular plug were used for embolisation.ResultsEmbolisation was successful in 17 of 18 patients. Coiling was used in 10 patients, vascular plug in five, and both materials in two patients. All symptomatic patients with successful embolisation lost all their symptoms after treatment. Control angiography after embolisation showed a closure of AV shunt without migration of embolic material in all patients. Post-embolisation syndrome developed in four patients and late onset of pleural pain in three patients. There was no connection between pleural reaction and type of PAVM and embolic material.ConclusionsEndovascular PAVM treatment is a minimally invasive, highly successful method with a low rate of only transitory complications.
Penile Doppler ultrasonography and elastography evaluation in patients with erectile dysfunction
Authors: Altinbas Namik Kemal , Hamidi Nurullah 
Published: January 2019

PurposeTo evaluate the relationship between erection grade, erectile function score, Doppler ultrasonography (US) indexes, and elasticity score (ES) according to Doppler US diagnosis in patients with erectile dysfunction (ED).Material and methodsReal-time strain type penile elastography was performed during penile Doppler US examination for 88 patients with ED. The diagnosis according to Doppler US was determined. Erection score according to the Erection Hardness Grading Scale was evaluated. A scoring for erectile function was performed with the International Index of Erectile Function (IIEF-5), and the Sexual Health Inventory for Men (SHIM) was defined. The relationships, according to Doppler diagnosis, of ES, IIEF-5 score, SHIM scale, and erection score were evaluated.ResultsAmong the patients, 50 (57%) had abnormal penile Doppler US findings. According to Doppler US findings, patients were classified as normal (n = 38), borderline for arterial insufficiency (n = 4), arterial insufficiency (n = 5), and venous insufficiency (n = 41). The lowest erection hardness grades and IIEF-5 scores were detected in patients with arterial failure. When compared to the normal group, in terms of ES, the arterial failure borderline group and venous failure group had lower scores, and the arterial failure group had a higher score. However, the only significant difference was obtained in the left cavernous body of the venous failure group.ConclusionsSonoelastography seems to add additional value for determination of stiffness of the penile cavernous body in routine evaluation of ED.
ESD Ideas: Photoelectrochemical carbon removal as negative emission technology
Authors: May Matthias M. , Rehfeld Kira 
Published: January 2019

Abstract. The pace of the transition to a low-carbon economy – especially in the fuels
sector – is not high enough to achieve the 2 ∘C target limit for
global warming by only cutting emissions. Most political roadmaps to tackle
global warming implicitly rely on the timely availability of mature negative
emission technologies, which actively invest energy to remove CO2 from the
atmosphere and store it permanently. The models used as a basis for
decarbonization policies typically assume an implementation of such
large-scale negative emission technologies starting around the year 2030,
ramped up to cause net negative emissions in the second half of the century
and balancing earlier CO2 release. On average, a contribution of
−10 Gt CO2 yr−1 is expected by 2050
(Anderson and Peters, 2016). A viable approach for
negative emissions should (i) rely on a scalable and sustainable
source of energy (solar), (ii) result in a safely storable product,
(iii) be highly efficient in terms of water and energy use, to
reduce the required land area and competition with water and food demands of
a growing world population, and (iv) feature large-scale feasibility and affordability.
Lessons learned from multisite implementation and evaluation of Project SHARE, a teen health information literacy, empowerment, and leadership program
Authors: Keselman Alla , Chase Rachel Anne , Rewolinski Jennifer , Chentsova Dutton Yulia , Kelly Janice E 
Published: January 2019

Background: This case study describes the implementation and evaluation of a multisite teen health information outreach program. The objectives of the program were to increase health knowledge, health information literacy, interest in health careers, community engagement, and leadership skills of teens in disadvantaged communities.Case Presentation: Teens at six sites across the country participated in a multi-week curriculum that focused on various aspects of health literacy, information literacy, and leadership. Lesson topics addressed personal health, social determinants of health, information quality, and communication and advocacy skills. Program evaluation included both quantitative and qualitative components and focused on multiple knowledge and skills outcome variables. Results suggested that while teens at all sites showed improvement, particularly with respect to engagement and interest in the topics, the degree of gains in knowledge and information literacy measures varied significantly from site to site.Conclusion: On-site implementation planning, cohesive integration of added activities, and emphasis on retention can contribute to implementation and evaluation effectiveness. This work also underscores the limitation of a purely quantitative approach to capturing the impact of health information and stresses the importance of supplementing numerical scores and statistics with qualitative data. This article has been approved for the Medical Library Association’s Independent Reading Program.
Five Women in Ministry Articles Transcribed from Tongues of Fire
Authors: Pope-Levison Priscilla 
Published: January 2019

ABSTRACT
This article contains complete transcriptions of five articles with a focus on women's ministry published in Tongues of Fire, the monthly periodical of a late nineteenth-century British holiness organization, known as the Pentecostal League of Prayer, or the League. Richard Reader Harris (1847–1909), founder of the League, wrote three of the five articles, including his most declarative statement in support of women, titled ‘Female Ministry’. Women authors penned the remaining two transcribed articles: Ms Rains, ‘A Word to Women: Zechariah v. 9’, and Dr Katherine Bushnell, ‘Women Preachers: Why Obscure the True Reading?’ While the League welcomed more than one hundred women into all of its organizational positions, these articles represent the extent of written affirmations for women in ministry.
Long-term effects of straw and straw-derived biochar on soil aggregation and fungal community in a rice–wheat rotation system
Authors: Bai Naling , Zhang Hanlin , Li Shuangxi , Zheng Xianqing , Zhang Juanqin , Zhang Haiyun , Zhou Sheng , Sun Huifeng , Lv Weiguang 
Published: January 2019

Background
Soil aggregation is fundamental for soil functioning and agricultural productivity. Aggregate formation depends on microbial activity influencing the production of exudates and hyphae, which in turn act as binding materials. Fungi are also important for improving soil quality and promoting plant growth in a symbiotic manner. There is a scarcity of findings comparing the long-term impacts of different yearly double-crop straw return modes (e.g., straw return to the field and straw-derived biochar return to the field) on soil aggregation and fungal community structure in rice–wheat rotation systems.

Methods
The effects of 6-year continuous straw and straw-derived biochar amendment on soil physicochemical properties and the fungal community were evaluated in an intensively managed crop rotation system (rice–wheat). Soil samples of different aggregates (macroaggregates, microaggregates, and silt clay) from four different fertilization regimes (control, CK; traditional inorganic fertilization, CF; straw returned to field, CS; straw-derived biochar addition, CB) were obtained, and Illumina MiSeq sequencing analysis of the fungal internal transcribed spacer gene was performed.

Results
Compared to CF, CS and CB enhanced soil organic carbon, total nitrogen, and aggregation in 0–20 and 20–40 cm soil, with CB exhibiting a stronger effect. Additionally, agrowaste addition increased the mean weight diameter and the geometric diameter and decreased the fractal dimension (p < 0.05). Principal coordinates analysis indicated that fertilization management affected fungal community structure and aggregation distribution. In addition, CS increased fungal community richness and diversity, compared to CK, CB decreased these aspects. Ascomycota, unclassified_k_Fungi, and Basidiomycota were the dominant phyla in all soil samples. At the genus level, CB clearly increased fungi decomposing biosolids (Articulospora in macroaggregates in 0–20 cm soil and Neurospora in macroaggregates in 20–40 cm soil); decreased pathogenic fungi (Monographella in macroaggregates and Gibberella in microaggregates in 0–20 cm soil) and CO2-emission-related fungi (Pyrenochaetopsis in microaggregates and silt clay in 0–40 cm soil) (p < 0.05). Straw and biochar with inorganic fertilizer counteracted some of the adverse effects of the inorganic fertilizer with biochar showing better effects than straw.