bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Global state and potential scope of investments in watershed services for large cities
Authors: Romulo Chelsie L. , Posner Stephen , Cousins Stella , Hoyle Fair Jenn , Bennett Drew E. , Huber-Stearns Heidi , Richards Ryan C. , McDonald Robert I. 
Published: October 2018

AbstractInvestments in watershed services (IWS) programs, in which downstream water users pay upstream watershed service suppliers for actions that protect drinking water, are increasing in number and scope. IWS programs represent over $170 million of investment in over 4.3 million ha of watersheds, providing water to over 230 million people. It is not yet fully clear what factors contribute to the establishment and sustainability of IWS. We conducted a representative global analysis of 416 of the world’s largest cities, including 59 (14%) with IWS programs. Using random forest ensemble learning methods, we evaluated the relative importance of social and ecological factors as predictors of IWS presence. IWS programs are more likely present in source watersheds with more agricultural land and less protected area than otherwise similar watersheds. Our results suggest potential to expand IWS as a strategy for drinking water protection and also contribute to decisions regarding suitable program locations.
Spin transfer torque driven higher-order propagating spin waves in nano-contact magnetic tunnel junctions
Authors: Houshang A. , Khymyn R. , Fulara H. , Gangwar A. , Haidar M. , Etesami S. R. , Ferreira R. , Freitas P. P. , Dvornik M. , Dumas R. K. , Åkerman J. 
Published: October 2018

AbstractShort wavelength exchange-dominated propagating spin waves will enable magnonic devices to operate at higher frequencies and higher data transmission rates. While giant magnetoresistance (GMR)-based magnetic nanocontacts are efficient injectors of propagating spin waves, the generated wavelengths are 2.6 times the nano-contact diameter, and the electrical signal strength remains too weak for applications. Here we demonstrate nano-contact-based spin wave generation in magnetic tunnel junctions and observe large-frequency steps consistent with the hitherto ignored possibility of second- and third-order propagating spin waves with wavelengths of 120 and 74 nm, i.e., much smaller than the 150-nm nanocontact. Mutual synchronization is also observed on all three propagating modes. These higher-order propagating spin waves will enable magnonic devices to operate at much higher frequencies and greatly increase their transmission rates and spin wave propagating lengths, both proportional to the much higher group velocity.
Reconfigurable infrared hyperbolic metasurfaces using phase change materials
Authors: Folland T. G. , Fali A. , White S. T. , Matson J. R. , Liu S. , Aghamiri N. A. , Edgar J. H. , Haglund R. F. , Abate Y. , Caldwell J. D. 
Published: October 2018

AbstractMetasurfaces control light propagation at the nanoscale for applications in both free-space and surface-confined geometries. However, dynamically changing the properties of metasurfaces can be a major challenge. Here we demonstrate a reconfigurable hyperbolic metasurface comprised of a heterostructure of isotopically enriched hexagonal boron nitride (hBN) in direct contact with the phase-change material (PCM) single-crystal vanadium dioxide (VO2). Metallic and dielectric domains in VO2 provide spatially localized changes in the local dielectric environment, enabling launching, reflection, and transmission of hyperbolic phonon polaritons (HPhPs) at the PCM domain boundaries, and tuning the wavelength of HPhPs propagating in hBN over these domains by a factor of 1.6. We show that this system supports in-plane HPhP refraction, thus providing a prototype for a class of planar refractive optics. This approach offers reconfigurable control of in-plane HPhP propagation and exemplifies a generalizable framework based on combining hyperbolic media and PCMs to design optical functionality.
Long non-coding RNA-dependent mechanism to regulate heme biosynthesis and erythrocyte development
Authors: Liu Jinhua , Li Yapu , Tong Jingyuan , Gao Jie , Guo Qing , Zhang Lingling , Wang Bingrui , Zhao Hui , Wang Hongtao , Jiang Erlie , Kurita Ryo , Nakamura Yukio , Tanabe Osamu , Engel James Douglas , Bresnick Emery H. , Zhou Jiaxi , Shi Lihong 
Published: October 2018

AbstractIn addition to serving as a prosthetic group for enzymes and a hemoglobin structural component, heme is a crucial homeostatic regulator of erythroid cell development and function. While lncRNAs modulate diverse physiological and pathological cellular processes, their involvement in heme-dependent mechanisms is largely unexplored. In this study, we elucidated a lncRNA (UCA1)-mediated mechanism that regulates heme metabolism in human erythroid cells. We discovered that UCA1 expression is dynamically regulated during human erythroid maturation, with a maximal expression in proerythroblasts. UCA1 depletion predominantly impairs heme biosynthesis and arrests erythroid differentiation at the proerythroblast stage. Mechanistic analysis revealed that UCA1 physically interacts with the RNA-binding protein PTBP1, and UCA1 functions as an RNA scaffold to recruit PTBP1 to ALAS2 mRNA, which stabilizes ALAS2 mRNA. These results define a lncRNA-mediated posttranscriptional mechanism that provides a new dimension into how the fundamental heme biosynthetic process is regulated as a determinant of erythrocyte development.
A genosensor for detection of HTLV-I based on photoluminescence quenching of fluorescent carbon dots in presence of iron magnetic nanoparticle-capped Au
Authors: Zarei-Ghobadi Mohadeseh , Mozhgani Sayed-Hamidreza , Dashtestani Fariba , Yadegari Amir , Hakimian Fatemeh , Norouzi Mehdi , Ghourchian Hedayatollah 
Published: October 2018

AbstractCarbon dots and Fe3O4@Au were synthesized to develop a new biosensor to detect DNA target. We investigated the photoluminescence property of carbon dots (CDs) in the presence of Fe3O4-capped Au (Fe3O4@Au). Firstly, we designed two dedicated probes for unique long sequence region of human T-lymphotropic virus type 1 genome. One of the probes was covalently bound to the CDs. In the absence of target, CDs-probe was adsorbed on the surface of Fe3O4@Au through two possible mechanisms, leading to quenching the fluorescence emission of CDs. The fluorescence emission of CDs was recovered in the presence of target since double-stranded DNA cannot adsorb on the Fe3O4@Au. Also, Fe3O4@Au can adsorb the unhybridized oligonucleotides and improves the accuracy of detection. The specificity of the proposed biosensor was confirmed by BLAST search and assessed by exposing the biosensor to other virus targets. The experimental detection limit of the biosensor was below 10 nM with linear range from 10 to 320 nM.
Evaluation of plant contamination in metabarcoding diet analysis of a herbivore
Authors: Ando Haruko , Fujii Chieko , Kawanabe Masataka , Ao Yoshimi , Inoue Tomomi , Takenaka Akio 
Published: October 2018

AbstractFecal DNA metabarcoding is currently used in various fields of ecology to determine animal diets. Contamination of non-food DNA from complex field environments is a considerable challenge to the reliability of this method but has rarely been quantified. We evaluated plant DNA contamination by sequencing the chloroplast trnL P6 loop region from food-controlled geese feces. The average percentage of contaminant sequences per sample was 1.86%. According to the results of generalized linear models, the probability of contamination was highest in samples placed in wet soil. The proportion of contaminant sequences was lowest at the earliest sampling point and was slightly higher in samples placed in open conditions. Exclusion of rare OTUs (operational taxonomic units) was effective for obtaining reliable dietary data from the obtained sequences, and a 1% cutoff reduced the percentage of contaminated samples to less than 30%. However, appropriate interpretation of the barcoding results considering inevitable contamination is an important issue to address. We suggest the following procedures for fecal sampling and sequence data treatment to increase the reliability of DNA metabarcoding diet analyses: (i) Collect samples as soon as possible after deposition, (ii) avoid samples from deposits on wet soil, and (iii) exclude rare OTUs from diet composition estimations.
Trajectories of brain development in school-age children born preterm with very low birth weight
Authors: Sripada K. , Bjuland K. J. , Sølsnes A. E. , Håberg A. K. , Grunewaldt K. H. , Løhaugen G. C. , Rimol L. M. , Skranes J. 
Published: October 2018

AbstractPreterm birth (gestational age < 37 weeks) with very low birth weight (VLBW, birth weight ≤ 1500 g) is associated with lifelong cognitive deficits, including in executive function, and persistent alterations in cortical and subcortical structures. However, it remains unclear whether “catch-up” growth is possible in the preterm/VLBW brain. Longitudinal structural MRI was conducted with children born preterm with VLBW (n = 41) and term-born peers participating in the Norwegian Mother and Child Cohort Study (MoBa) (n = 128) at two timepoints in early school age (mean ages 8.0 and 9.3 years). Images were analyzed with the FreeSurfer 5.3.0 longitudinal stream to assess differences in development of cortical thickness, surface area, and brain structure volumes, as well as associations with executive function development (NEPSY Statue and WMS-III Spatial Span scores) and perinatal health markers. No longitudinal group × time effects in cortical thickness, surface area, or subcortical volumes were seen, indicating similar brain growth trajectories in the groups over an approximately 16-month period in middle childhood. Higher IQ scores within the VLBW group were associated with greater surface area in left parieto-occipital and inferior temporal regions. Among VLBW preterm-born children, cortical surface area was smaller across the cortical mantle, and cortical thickness was thicker occipitally and frontally and thinner in lateral parietal and posterior temporal areas. Smaller volumes of corpus callosum, right globus pallidus, and right thalamus persisted in the VLBW group from timepoint 1 to 2. VLBW children had on average IQ 1 SD below term-born MoBa peers and significantly worse scores on WMS-III Spatial Span. Executive function scores did not show differential associations with morphometry between groups cross-sectionally or longitudinally. This study investigated divergent or “catch-up” growth in terms of cortical thickness, surface area, and volumes of subcortical gray matter structures and corpus callosum in children born preterm/VLBW and did not find group × time interactions. Greater surface area at mean age 9.3 in left parieto-occipital and inferior temporal cortex was associated with higher IQ in the VLBW group. These results suggest that preterm VLBW children may have altered cognitive networks, yet have structural growth trajectories that appear generally similar to their term-born peers in this early school age window.
Temporal and spatial characteristics of sediment sources on the southern Yangtze Shoal over the Holocene
Authors: Cao Chao , Cai Feng , Zheng Yongling , Wu Chengqiang , Lu Huiquan , Bao Jingjing , Sun Quan 
Published: October 2018

AbstractThe sediment sources of the Yangtze Shoal were traced by analysing surface and core sediment particle size, detrital and clay minerals, carbon and nitrogen isotopes, and radioisotope dating. In the estuary, the sediments are dominated by silty clay, high stable mineral, and extremely high illite/chlorite. Stable organic carbon isotopes (δ13C-TOC) indicated a marine-dominated mixture. On the shoal, the sediments are mainly composed of fine sand, high unstable mineral. The δ13C-TOC indicated predominantly marine sedimentation. The average TOC of core sediments was ~0.26%, and the average TN was ~0.05%. The TOC/TN was 5.4–7.8, the δ13C-TOC was −19.8 to −22.1‰, and the age of the sediments spanned the last ~10.8 ka (Holocene). The sediments and provenance of the Yangtze Shoal have been controlled by the East Asian monsoon, sea level change, riverine sediment flux and ocean circulation. The intervals 8.3–6.3 ka and 3.8–1.5 ka, are characterized by Yangtze River sources, whereas 6.3–3.8 ka and 1.5–0.8 ka, are characterized by a source mixture with Yellow River input. Tracing the multiple sources effectively confirms the hypothesis that the southern Yangtze Shoal was a delta formed by combined sedimentation from the Yangtze River and Yellow River during times of low sea level.
Investigation of carrier confinement in direct bandgap GeSn/SiGeSn 2D and 0D heterostructures
Authors: Rainko Denis , Ikonic Zoran , Vukmirović Nenad , Stange Daniela , von den Driesch Nils , Grützmacher Detlev , Buca Dan 
Published: October 2018

AbstractSince the first demonstration of lasing in direct bandgap GeSn semiconductors, the research efforts for the realization of electrically pumped group IV lasers monolithically integrated on Si have significantly intensified. This led to epitaxial studies of GeSn/SiGeSn hetero- and nanostructures, where charge carrier confinement strongly improves the radiative emission properties. Based on recent experimental literature data, in this report we discuss the advantages of GeSn/SiGeSn multi quantum well and quantum dot structures, aiming to propose a roadmap for group IV epitaxy. Calculations based on 8-band k∙p and effective mass method have been performed to determine band discontinuities, the energy difference between Γ- and L-valley conduction band edges, and optical properties such as material gain and optical cross section. The effects of these parameters are systematically analyzed for an experimentally achievable range of Sn (10 to 20 at.%) and Si (1 to 10 at.%) contents, as well as strain values (−1 to 1%). We show that charge carriers can be efficiently confined in the active region of optical devices for experimentally acceptable Sn contents in both multi quantum well and quantum dot configurations.
Isolation of a novel glycyrrhizin metabolite as a causal candidate compound for pseudoaldosteronism
Authors: Morinaga Osamu , Ishiuchi Kan’ichiro , Ohkita Takeshi , Tian Chuanting , Hirasawa Asuka , Mitamura Miaki , Maki Yasuhito , Yasujima Tomoya , Yuasa Hiroaki , Makino Toshiaki 
Published: October 2018

AbstractPseudoaldosteronism is a common adverse effect associated with traditional Japanese Kampo medicines. The pathogenesis is mainly caused by 3-monoglucuronyl glycyrrhetinic acid (3MGA), one of the metabolites of glycyrrhizin (GL) contained in licorice. We developed an anti-3MGA monoclonal antibody (MAb) and an ELISA system to easily detect 3MGA in the plasma and urine of the patients. However, we found that some metabolites of GL cross-reacted with this MAb. Mrp2-deficient Eisai Hyperbilirubinemia rats (EHBRs) were administered glycyrrhetinic acid (GA), and we isolated 22α-hydroxy-18β-glycyrrhetyl-3-O-sulfate-30-glucuronide (1) from the pooled urine with the guidance of positive immunostaining of eastern blot as the new metabolite of GL. The IC50 of 1 for type 2 11β-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase (11β-HSD2) was 2.0 µM. Similar plasma concentrations of 1 and GA were observed 12 h after oral administration of GA to EHBR. Compound 1 was eliminated via urine, whereas GA was not. In Sprague–Dawley (SD) rats orally treated with GA, compound 1 was absent from both the plasma and the urine. Compound 1 was actively transported into cells via OAT1 and OAT3, whereas GA was not. Compound 1, when produced in Mrp2-deficiency, represents a potential causative agent of pseudoaldosteronism, and might be used as a biomarker to prevent the adverse effect.
Feasibility of identifying the ideal locations for motor intention decoding using unimodal and multimodal classification at 7T-fMRI
Authors: Yoo Peter E. , Oxley Thomas J. , John Sam E. , Opie Nicholas L. , Ordidge Roger J. , O’Brien Terence J. , Hagan Maureen A. , Wong Yan T. , Moffat Bradford A. 
Published: October 2018

AbstractInvasive Brain-Computer Interfaces (BCIs) require surgeries with high health-risks. The risk-to-benefit ratio of the procedure could potentially be improved by pre-surgically identifying the ideal locations for mental strategy classification. We recorded high-spatiotemporal resolution blood-oxygenation-level-dependent (BOLD) signals using functional MRI at 7 Tesla in eleven healthy participants during two motor imagery tasks.BCI diagnostic taskisolated the intent to imagine movements, whileBCI simulation tasksimulated the neural states that may be yielded in a real-life BCI-operation scenario. Imagination of movements were classified from the BOLD signals in sub-regions of activation within a single or multiple dorsal motor network regions. Then, the participant’s decoding performance during the BCI simulation task was predicted from the BCI diagnostic task. The results revealed that drawing information from multiple regions compared to a single region increased the classification accuracy of imagined movements. Importantly, systematic unimodal and multimodal classification revealed the ideal combination of regions that yielded the best classification accuracy at the individual-level. Lastly, a given participant’s decoding performance achieved during the BCI simulation task could be predicted from the BCI diagnostic task. These results show the feasibility of 7T-fMRI with unimodal and multimodal classification being utilized for identifying ideal sites for mental strategy classification.
Gene expression dataset for whole cochlea of Macaca fascicularis
Authors: Mutai Hideki , Miya Fuyuki , Shibata Hiroaki , Yasutomi Yasuhiro , Tsunoda Tatsuhiko , Matsunaga Tatsuo 
Published: October 2018

AbstractMacaca fascicularis is a highly advantageous model in which to study human cochlea with regard to both evolutionary proximity and physiological similarity of the auditory system. To better understand the properties of primate cochlear function, we analyzed the genes predominantly expressed in M. fascicularis cochlea. We compared the cochlear transcripts obtained from an adult male M. fascicularis by macaque and human GeneChip microarrays with those in multiple macaque and human tissues or cells and identified 344 genes with expression levels more than 2-fold greater than in the other tissues. These “cochlear signature genes” included 35 genes responsible for syndromic or nonsyndromic hereditary hearing loss. Gene set enrichment analysis revealed groups of genes categorized as “ear development” and “ear morphogenesis” in the top 20 gene ontology categories in the macaque and human arrays, respectively. This dataset will facilitate both the study of genes that contribute to primate cochlear function and provide insight to discover novel genes associated with hereditary hearing loss that have yet to be established using animal models.
Melatonin suppresses TLR9-triggered proinflammatory cytokine production in macrophages by inhibiting ERK1/2 and AKT activation
Authors: Xu Xiongfei , Wang Guoquan , Ai Lingling , Shi Jianhui , Zhang Jing , Chen Yu-Xia 
Published: October 2018

AbstractToll-like receptor (TLR) signaling plays major roles in innate immune response in macrophages. Melatonin regulates TLR3- and TLR4-mediated innate immune responses in macrophages. However, it remains unknown whether melatonin regulates TLR9-mediated innate immune responses in macrophages. Here we demonstrated that melatonin suppressed TLR9 ligand-induced proinflammatory cytokines mRNA and protein production in peritoneal macrophages without interrupting the viability of peritoneal macrophages. Using a melatonin membrane receptors MT1/MT2 antagonist luzindole, we found that MT1 and MT2 were dispensable for melatonin’s inhibitory effects on TLR9-mediated proinflammatory cytokines production, even though melatonin upregulated mRNA expression of MT1 and MT2 in macrophages. Furthermore, melatonin did not affect mRNA expressions of TLR9 and MyD88 but attenuated TLR9 ligand-induced ERK1/2 and AKT phosphorylation without affecting p38 and NF-κB p65 phosphorylation. Also, melatonin inhibited TLR9-mediated proinflammatory cytokines productionin vivo. Taken together, our results demonstrate that melatonin suppresses TLR9-triggered proinflammatory cytokines production in macrophages via melatonin membrane receptor-independent manners and probably through inhibiting ERK1/2 and AKT activation, which further elucidates the roles of melatonin in regulating TLR-mediated innate immune responses in macrophages.
Decreased olfactory discrimination is associated with impulsivity in healthy volunteers
Authors: Herman Aleksandra M. , Critchley Hugo , Duka Theodora 
Published: October 2018

AbstractIn clinical populations, olfactory abilities parallel executive function, implicating shared neuroanatomical substrates within the ventral prefrontal cortex. In healthy individuals, the relationship between olfaction and personality traits or certain cognitive and behavioural characteristics remains unexplored. We therefore tested if olfactory function is associated with trait and behavioural impulsivity in nonclinical individuals. Eighty-three healthy volunteers (50 females) underwent quantitative assessment of olfactory function (odour detection threshold, discrimination, and identification). Each participant was rated for trait impulsivity index using the Barratt Impulsiveness Scale and performed a battery of tasks to assess behavioural impulsivity (Stop Signal Task, SST; Information Sampling Task, IST; Delay Discounting). Lower odour discrimination predicted high ratings in non-planning impulsivity (Barratt Non-Planning impulsivity subscale); both, lower odour discrimination and detection threshold predicted low inhibitory control (SST; increased motor impulsivity). These findings extend clinical observations to support the hypothesis that deficits in olfactory ability are linked to impulsive tendencies within the healthy population. In particular, the relationship between olfactory abilities and behavioural inhibitory control (in the SST) reinforces evidence for functional overlap between neural networks involved in both processes. These findings may usefully inform the stratification of people at risk of impulse-control-related problems and support planning early clinical interventions.
29Si NMR of aqueous silicate complexes at gigapascal pressures
Authors: Pilgrim Corey D. , Colla Christopher A. , Ochoa Gerardo , Walton Jeffrey H. , Casey William H. 
Published: October 2018

AbstractGeochemists have models to predict solute speciation and mineral equilibria in aqueous solutions up to 1200 °C and 6 GPa. These models are useful to uncover reaction pathways deep in the Earth, though experimental confirmation is extremely difficult. Here we show speciation changes among aqueous silicate complexes to pressures of 1.8 GPa through use of a high-pressure solution-state NMR probe. The radiofrequency circuit uses a microcoil geometry that is coupled with a piston-cylinder pressure cell to generate and maintain these high pressures. The 1.8 GPa pressure corresponds to pressures reached at the lower crust or upper mantle. Although these experiments are limited to ambient temperature, we show that the increased pressure affects complexation and oligomerization reactions by eliminating bulk waters and that the pressure effects are completely reversible.