bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Microbiology and management of Staphylococcus aureus lacrimal system infections: A 10-year retrospective study
Authors: Bineshfar Niloufar , Clauss Kevin D. , Lee Wendy W. , Miller Darlene 
Published: November 2024

Purpose
To assess the in vitro efficacy of common antimicrobial agents used empirically for methicillin- resistant and sensitive Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA and MSSA) infections of the lacrimal system.

Methods
A retrospective review of culture-proven S. aureus isolates retrieved from lacrimal system samples collected between January 2013–December 2022 was performed. Microbiologic characteristics such as in vitro susceptibility as well as clinical characteristics including history of recent ocular surgery, presence of lacrimal biomaterial implant, anti-microbial regimen, and treatments outcome were collected.

Results
One hundred and sixteen S. aureus isolates (patients = 116) were identified. Thirty-one (27.4%) and 22 (19.5%) patients had recent ocular procedure and lacrimal intubation, respectively. Fifty (44.2%) patients received a combination of oral and topical antibiotics as first line of treatment. The most common empirically utilized antibiotics were β-lactams (38.9%) and polymyxin B/ trimethoprim (31.0%). The antibiotic regimen was changed at least once in 20.5% of patients due to ineffectiveness. Of the patients with positive cultures from the lacrimal excretory apparatus, 37.3% underwent surgery as part of the treatment approach. Of all isolates identified 44.8% were MRSA. Among the fluoroquinolones, the resistance rate was 38.8% for ciprofloxacin and 30.4% for moxifloxacin, with significantly higher resistance rates in MRSA (P-value <0.0001). The resistance rates for trimethoprim/sulfamethoxazole (TMP/SXT) and gentamicin were 8.6% and 3.4%, retrospectively.

Conclusions
There is low in vitro efficacy of commonly used antimicrobials such as β-lactams and fluoroquinolones in our study population; thus, we recommend opting for trimethoprim/sulfamethoxazole and gentamicin for systemic and topical single-agent treatments.
CRH receptor antagonist crinecerfont – a promising new treatment option for patients with congenital adrenal hyperplasia due to 21-hydroxylase deficiency
Authors: Kamrath Clemens , Claahsen-van der Grinten Hedi L. 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
21-Hydroxylase deficiency (21OHD), the most common form of congenital adrenal hyperplasia (CAH), leads to impaired cortisol synthesis and androgen excess. Current treatments of patients with classic 21OHD with supraphysiological doses of glucocorticoids pose risks such as impaired growth and metabolic complications. We discuss the CRH receptor antagonist as a therapeutic option for children with classic 21OHD. A phase three trial of crinecerfont, a CRH receptor antagonist, offers a promising new treatment option. Crinecerfont helped to reduce glucocorticoid doses and to lower androgen levels. However, the study population may not be fully representative of the general 21OHD population. Successful implementation depends on patient adherence and monitoring to avoid possible complications such as adrenal crises. Overall, crinecerfont represents a valuable development, but further research and careful clinical management are needed to optimize its use in CAH treatment.
External validation of a non-invasive vaginal tool to assess the risk of intra-amniotic inflammation in pregnant women with preterm labor and intact membranes
Authors: Cobo Teresa , Burgos-Artizzu Xavier P. , Ferrero Silvia , Balcells Judith , Bosch Jordi , Gené Amadeu , Murillo Clara , Rueda Claudia , Boada David , Sánchez-Antón Maria Teresa , Kacerovsky Marian , Jacobsson Bo , Palacio Montse 
Published: November 2024

Abstract

Objectives
To prospectively validate the diagnostic performance of a non-invasive point-of-care tool (Rapid IAI System), including vaginal alpha-fetoprotein and interleukin-6, to predict the occurrence of intra-amniotic inflammation in a Spanish cohort of patients admitted with a diagnosis of preterm labor and intact membranes.

Methods
From 2017 to 2022, we prospectively evaluated a cohort of pregnant women diagnosed with preterm labor and intact membranes admitted below 34+0 weeks who underwent amniocentesis to rule-in/out intra-amniotic infection and/or inflammation. Vaginal sampling was performed at the time of amniocentesis or within 24–48 h. Amniotic fluid IL-6, vaginal alpha-fetoprotein and vaginal IL-6 concentrations were measured using a point-of-care tool provided by Hologic Inc., “Rapid IAI System”. We defined intra-amniotic inflammation when amniotic fluid IL-6 values were greater than 11.3 ng/mL. During recruitment, clinicians were blinded to the results of the point-of-care tool. The original prediction model proposed by Hologic Inc. to predict intra-amniotic inflammation was validated in this cohort of patients.

Results
We included 151 patients diagnosed with preterm labor and intact membranes. Among these, 29 (19.2 %) had intra-amniotic inflammation. The algorithm including vaginal IL-6 and alpha-fetoprotein showed an area under curve to predict intra-amniotic inflammation of 80.3 % (±5.3 %) with a sensitivity of 72.4 %, specificity of 84.6 %, positive predictive valuve (PPV) of 52.5 %, negative predictive value (NPV) of 92.9 %, and a positive likelihood ratio (LR+) of 4.6 and negative likelihood ratio (LR−) of 0.33.

Conclusions
External validation of a non-invasive rapid point-of-care tool, including vaginal alpha-fetoprotein and IL-6, showed very good diagnostic performance for predicting the absence of intra-amniotic inflammation in women with preterm labor and intact membranes.
Sign recognition: the effect of parameters and features in sign mispronunciations
Authors: Geraci Carlo , Pasalskaya Lena , Peperkamp Sharon 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
We investigate the degree to which mispronounced signs can be accommodated by signers of French Sign Language (LSF). Using an offline judgment task, we examine both the individual contributions of three parameters – handshape, movement, and location – to sign recognition, and the impact of the individual features that were manipulated to obtain the mispronounced signs. Results indicate that signers judge mispronounced handshapes to be less damaging for well-formedness than mispronounced locations or movements. In addition to this macro-effect of parameter, individual features are found to carry different weights during sign recognition, mirroring what has been reported for phonological features in spoken languages. Together, these results thus further support an underlying a-modal phonological architecture for human language, including feature-based phonological representations.
To Be Oriented and to Orient: Considerations on Principles, Requirements, and Objectives of an Inductive Systematic Theology
Authors: Zeller Kinga 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
It is usually assumed that protestant systematic theology has a contemporary relevance and engages with the present in its work. However, it is unclear what significance the present in the form of findings and observations of social developments – including faith expressions embedded in practices and the belief(s) of the laities – have to the research of protestant systematic theologians, especially in north-west Europe. This article introduces inductive systematic theology as a form of systematic theology that incorporates theological statements from laypeople and non-believers, often obtained through empirical methods, into its work. It aims to initiate a discussion on principles, requirements, and objectives of inductive systematic theology. Therefore, a particular focus is set on arguing for the necessity of a respectful and open stance toward subjects of inquiry. It is furthermore discussed, why and to what extent this stance entails self-reflection and transparent articulation of one’s positionality. Using public theological statements on self-love as an example, it is illustrated how such assertions can orient systematic theologians in their research by showing certain connections and indicating possible inquiries.
Der CO
2
-Preis in Deutschland: Verteilungswirkungen und Möglichkeiten der Rückverteilung
Authors: Kaestner Kathrin , Kruse Lisa , Schwarz Antonia , Sommer Stephan 
Published: November 2024

Zusammenfassung
In diesem Artikel untersuchen Kathrin Kaestner, Lisa Kruse, Antonia Schwarz und Stephan Sommer die vertikalen und horizontalen Verteilungswirkungen der CO2-Bepreisung auf Emissionen in den Sektoren Wärme und Verkehr für Deutschland. Obgleich oft als Leitinstrument einer erfolgreichen und effizienten Klimapolitik betrachtet, wird dieses Preisinstrument nur vorsichtig vorangetrieben, weil es Bedenken gibt, dass damit hohe und ungleiche Kostenbelastungen verbunden sind. Anhand von Haushaltsdaten sowie einem Mikrosimulationsmodell untersuchen die die Autor/-innen die Kostenbelastung privater Haushalte für verschiedene Preishöhen und Entlastungsmaßnahmen. Dabei zeigt sich, dass eine Strompreissenkung weniger progressiv als eine Pro-Kopf-Pauschale wirkt und eine einkommensgestaffelte Rückverteilung am progressivsten. Eine Pro-Haushalt-Pauschale könnte Einpersonenhaushalte im Vergleich zu einer Pro-Kopf-Pauschale stärker entlasten. Die Ergebnisse deuten an, dass vulnerable Gruppen existieren, die über eine entlastende Rückverteilung hinaus gezielt in ihrem Anpassungsprozess unterstützt werden sollten.
Decreased plasma gelsolin in the COVID-19-related acute respiratory distress syndrome
Authors: Gunturk Inayet , Seydel Gonul Seyda , Yazici Cevat , Topaloglu Ulas Serkan , Eren Esma , Yuksel Recep Civan 
Published: November 2024

Abstract

Objectives
The aim of this study was to evaluate the potential roles of plasma gelsolin (pGSN), transforming growth factor-beta1 (TGF-β1), and lysophosphatidic acid (LPA) as profibrotic and immune modulatory markers in patients with acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) and patients with mild to moderate disease.

Methods
The study included 60 COVID-19 RT-PCR (+) patients who were divided into two groups as those who developed ARDS and those who did not and 18 non-COVID-19 volunteers. The pGSN, LPA and TGF-β1 levels were measured in the obtained plasma samples and evaluated together with routine laboratory parameters. Prognostic factors were assessed by multivariate analysis, and the predictive values of pGSN, TGF-β1 and LPA for developing ARDS were compared.

Results
While increased pGSN levels in COVID-19 patients were found to be decreased with the onset of ARDS; TGF-β1 and LPA levels were lower in patients than in control group, and the lowest levels were observed in patients who developed ARDS. In multivariate analyses, CRP and pGSN were identified as independent risk factors for developing ARDS. The cut-off value of the pGSN was 4,573 ng/mL (90 % sensitivity, 99 % specificity), (area under the curve: 0.977). The predictive values ​​of pGSN is higher than TGF-β1 and LPA.

Conclusions
It can be said that the low concentrations of pGSN, TGF-β1 and LPA contribute to the development of ARDS due to the associated immunosuppressive role in COVID-19 patients.
Relaciones de la pedagógica y la pedagogía de la liberación latinoamericana. Estudio epistemológico basado en Dussel y Freire
Authors: Mujica Johnson Felipe 
Published: November 2024

In the last decades, new epistemological discussions have been developed to support Latin American pedagogies that distance themselves from the hegemonic discourses of modernity and their colonial accent. In this context, this essay aims to contribute to the understanding of some of the relationships between Enrique Dussel’s pedagogy and Paulo Freire’s pedagogy of liberation. In the first section that contributes to this objective, the three chapters of Dussel’s book La pedagógica latinoamericana and the first two chapters of Freire’s book Pedagogy of the Opressed are presented. From Dussel’s book, the concepts father-State, mother-popular culture, and son-child-people are highlighted as symbols that explain the cultural relations of domination. From Freire’s book, the concepts of oppressors, oppressed, banking education, and liberating education are highlighted. In the second section of the development, a distinction is made on the levels of analysis of each philosopher and some coincidences on the banking dimension, totality, exteriority, otherness, and the hope of a liberated world. To conclude the paper, it is considered that there is a correlation between both philosophers that favor the dialectic of the collective human and the cultural human in Latin American pedagogies.
Diagnosis of Brain Death in a Multidisciplinary Hospital
Authors: Gritsan A. I. , Dovbysh N. Y. , Korchagin E. E. 
Published: November 2024

Brain death diagnosis (BDD) remains a challenge for anesthesiologists and intensive care physicians despite existing regulatory frameworks. Objective. To evaluate the frequency of BDD procedure and identify factors limiting its implementation in a multidisciplinary hospital setting. Materials and Methods. A single-center retrospective study was conducted including 698 patients by total sampling. Of these, 98 (14 %) had brain injury and were selected for further analysis. From this cohort, patients who died within 15 days of hospital admission (N = 61) were identified. A subgroup of patients with a Glasgow Coma Scale (GCS) score of 3–5 was then selected (N = 38). For comparison, a literature search was performed in PubMed using the query «brain death criteria» and in eLibrary.ru using the keywords «brain death diagnosis». Results. BDD was initiated in 12 (31.6 %) cases within the GCS 3–5 subgroup, with brain death confirmed in 8 (21.1 %) patients, including 5 (63 %) women and 3 (37 %) men. Complete BDD procedures were performedin 6 (75 %) patients with non-traumatic intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH), 1 with non-traumatic subarachnoid hemorrhageь (SAH), and 1 with traumatic brain injury (TBI) (12.5 % each). The median patient age was 59 [43; 65] years, the median GCS score was 3 [3; 3], and the median FOUR score was 0 [0; 0]. Median hospital length of stay was 1.5 [1; 2.5] days, and median intensive care unit (ICU) stay was 1 [1; 2] day. Conclusion. Insufficient pupil diameter (5 mm) is a limiting factor for the performance of BDD procedures in grade III coma patients.
Postembryonic Maintenance of Nephron Progenitor Cells with Low Translational Activity in the Chondrichthyan Scyliorhinus canicula
Authors: Lund-Ricard Yasmine , Calloch Julien , Glippa Virginie , Vandenplas Sam , Huysseune Ann , Witten P. Eckhard , Morales Julia , Boutet Agnès 
Published: November 2024

Key Points

Unlike mammals, chondrichthyan species exhibit postembryonic nephrogenesis, where new nephrons are continuously added in the kidney.Nephron progenitor cells in catsharks display slow cycling property, akin to other somatic stem cells, indicating their potential for tissue renewal and regeneration.Molecular analysis suggests a potential link between protein synthesis rate and nephron progenitor cell maintenance.

Background
While adult mammals are unable to grow new nephrons, cartilaginous fish kidneys display nephrogenesis throughout life. In this study, we investigated the molecular properties of nephron progenitor cells (NPCs) within the kidney of the catshark (Scyliorhinus canicula).

Methods
We used branched DNA in situ hybridization to analyze markers expressed in catshark NPCs. Bromodesoxyuridine pulse-chase labeling was also performed to test whether NPCs are slow-cycling cells. To question the mechanisms allowing NPC maintenance in the catshark postembryonic kidney, we measured global protein synthesis rates using in vivo OP-puromycin incorporation. We also investigated the expression of two targets of the mammalian target of rapamycin pathway, an important signaling pathway for translation initiation.

Results
We found that NPCs express molecular markers previously identified in mice and teleost embryonic NPCs, such as the transcription factors Six2, Pax2, and Wt1. At postembryonic stages, these NPCs are integrated into a specific nephrogenic area of the kidney and contain slow-cycling cells. We also evidenced that NPCs have lower protein synthesis levels than the differentiated cells present in forming nephrons. Such transition from low to high translation rates has been previously observed in several populations of vertebrate stem cells as they undergo differentiation. Finally, we reported the phosphorylation of two targets of the mammalian target of rapamycin pathway, p4E-BP1 and pS6K1, in catshark differentiated epithelial cells but not in the NPCs.

Conclusions
This first molecular analysis of NPCs in a chondrichthyan species indicates that translation rate increases in NPCs as they differentiate into epithelial cells of the nephron.
Using Crustal-Scale Refraction Data for Joint Inversions of Rayleigh-Wave Dispersion Curves and H/V Spectral Ratios for Atlantic Coastal Plain Velocity Structure, Eastern United States
Authors: Pratt Thomas , Parolai Stefano , Poggi Valerio , Dreossi Ilaria 
Published: November 2024

ABSTRACT
Shallow shear-wave velocities (VS) sometimes are estimated from joint inversions of horizontal-to-vertical (H/V) spectral ratios and surface-wave dispersion curves derived from ambient noise or small active sources. Here, we evaluate carrying out these inversions using Rayleigh-wave dispersion curves computed from crustal-scale P-wave seismic refraction data. We use data from the 2014–2015 Eastern North American Margin (ENAM) experiment in Virginia and North Carolina, but similar seismic refraction data sets have been acquired over sedimentary basins of interest for seismic hazard studies, including in major urban areas. The ENAM project deployed a pair of ∼215 km long, northwest–southeast linear arrays with ∼300 m receiver spacing to record 11 dynamite shots, and 80 continuously recording seismometers with 5–6 km spacing along the same arrays to record offshore airguns. The arrays crossed the onland portion of the Atlantic Coastal Plain sediments, which are a seaward-thickening wedge of Cretaceous and younger sediments deposited mostly on crystalline bedrock. We compute Rayleigh-wave dispersion curves from 3 to 9 km long portions of the receiver arrays on each side of the dynamite shots, and we compute ambient-noise H/V ratios from the continuously recording seismometers. We use a genetic inversion algorithm in which forward velocity models in each “generation” are evaluated for misfits compared to the observed data, with subsequent generations constructed from the models with the smallest misfits. Velocities to depths of 500 m are defined well, as shown by a narrow range of velocities in the best-fit models, by the consistency between multiple inversion runs at a site, and by forward modeling of site responses. The resulting velocity cross-section of the Coastal Plain strata has seaward-dipping contours in the thinner portions of the Coastal Plain but smaller dips in the deeper portions. We interpret these results as showing that velocity contours in the ACP strata are influenced by a combination of lithology and overburden pressure. Results demonstrate that existing seismic refraction data have the potential for determining detailed shallow shear-wave velocity profiles.
A comprehensive study of fingertip injuries at a tertiary care centre- fingertip injury outcome score subset pilot
Authors: M. Soujanya , Rajput Darshansingh 
Published: November 2024

Background: Fingertip injury outcome score (FIOS) is a specialized tool designed to assess functional and aesthetic outcomes after treatment of fingertip injuries. It helps both clinicians and researchers evaluate the effectiveness of treatment strategies and monitor patient recovery. This pilot study aims to evaluate the feasibility and effectiveness of a customized FIOS tool using retrospective fingertip injuries data from the hospital, before broader implementation
Methods: A retrospective analysis of 58 hand injury patient’s data admitted in hospital with fingertip injuries having tissue loss, between January 2023 and February 2024. A customized FIOS tool, focusing on specific aspects such as complications, aesthetic outcome, patient satisfaction, ability to perform daily tasks and pain, was applied to the collected data. Data analyzed to evaluate how well the FIOS outcome score reflected patient outcomes and clinical findings.
Results: The customized FIOS effectively captured key aspects of fingertip injury outcomes, including pain levels, functional recovery. 7% had poor outcome score and 80% of those with poor outcomes suffered injuries from the heavy instruments with complications like revision surgery. 22% of the patients had excellent outcome scores, 53.4% had good aesthetic outcome score.
Conclusion: This pilot study demonstrates that using a customized FIOS tool with retrospective data is a viable approach for evaluating fingertip injury outcomes. The findings suggest that the FIOS subset can provide valuable insights into functional and aesthetic recovery. This approach facilitates seamless data capture, minimize duplicated efforts, and reduce errors and discrepancies.
Assessment of relationship between craniocervical morphology, posture and sagittal skeletal discrepancies among Indian population – A cephalometric study
Authors: Joy Joseph , Malkarnekar Tanvi , Kallampilly Gopinath , Powar Suryakant Narsing , Ghonmode Sumeet Wasudeorao 
Published: November 2024

: The objective of this study was to investigate the relationship between sagittal skeletal discrepancies and craniocervical posture in Indian population. The anthropological literature has shown a great deal of interest in the issue of whether head morphology and posture are related. Given the correlation between the morphology and dimensions of the upper cervical spine and the variations in craniofacial morphology observed among individuals of diverse ethnic backgrounds, it is plausible that there exist variations in upper spine morphology among different ethnic groups. This study aimed to investigate the relationship between sagittal skeletal discrepancies and craniocervical posture in Indian population.: Lateral cephalograms of 98 subjects of Indian origin were taken in Natural Head Position(NHP). Cephalometric analysis was performed to determine the growth pattern, sagittal position of maxilla and mandible with respect to cranial base, maxillomandibular relationship and craniocervical angles. The craniocervical angles used in this study were NSL/OPT, NSL/CVT, NL/OPT NL/CVT. These variables were then correlated. : A positive association was observed between the NSL/OPT- Y-Axis, NSL/OPT-FMPA. However, this relationship was not statistically significant(p&#62;0.05). A positive association was observed between NSL/CVT- Y-Axis, NSL/CVT-FMPA which was statistically significant (p&#62;0.05). The postural variables were slightly higher than those previously reported in European population. More upright craniocervical posture was associated with Class II maxillomandibular relation. As the craniocervical angles reduced, the maxillary and mandibular prognathism increased. Cervical spine flexion was seen to be associated with horizontal growers and more erect spine was seen in vertical growers.