bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Competence areas for registered nurses and podiatrists in chronic wound care, and their role in wound care practice
Authors: Kielo Emilia , Suhonen Riitta , Salminen Leena , Stolt Minna 
Published: July 2019

AbstractAims and objectivesTo identify general competence areas for graduating registered nurses and podiatrists providing chronic wound care.BackgroundThe provision of care for chronic wounds involves a team of multiple professionals, and registered nurses and podiatrists play an important role. However, previous studies have found that registered nurses have limited competence in wound care. In addition, there are no standardised international competence areas for the provision of chronic wound care by registered nurses and podiatrists.DesignA qualitative design was used in this study.MethodsThe data were collected using six focus‐group interviews with the following professionals: (a) registered nurses; (b) authorised wound care nurses; (c) nurse educators; (d) physicians; (e) podiatrists; and (f) podiatry educators (N = 23). The data were analysed using inductive and deductive content analysis. COREQ guidelines were followed, See Appendix S1.ResultsThe competence areas for registered nurses and podiatrists providing care for chronic wounds include knowledge, skills and performance in anatomy and physiology; aetiology, care and prevention of chronic wounds; and wound management and assessment. The competence areas also include a set of attitudes and values relating to chronic wound care and patients with chronic wounds.ConclusionsIn nursing and podiatry education and in working life, teaching should focus on these areas of competence in chronic wound care. This would standardise and integrate education on wound care, especially that of chronic wounds.Relevance to clinical practiceWound care is an important part of clinical practice in nursing and podiatry. It is suggested that registered nurses and podiatrists need general competence in chronic wound care to carry out evidence‐based, safe, high‐quality and cost‐effective care. These results could be used to define registered nurses’ and podiatrists’ competence areas and roles in evidence‐based wound care as independent healthcare professionals.
Is nurses’ self‐esteem interwoven with patients’ achievements? The concept of patient‐invested contingent self‐esteem
Authors: Duprez Veerle , Vansteenkiste Maarten , Beeckman Dimitri , Verhaeghe Sofie , Van Hecke Ann 
Published: July 2019

AbstractObjectivesTo explore the notion of patient‐invested contingent self‐esteem (Pa‐CSE) and investigate its association to nurses’ self‐reported engagement in controlling or autonomy‐supportive interactions with chronic care patients.BackgroundConsidering the high number of patients sub‐optimally managing their chronic condition, nurses might experience a drop and rise in self‐worth when patients fail and succeed, respectively, in managing their chronic condition. This dynamic has not received prior research attention.DesignMultivariate analysis employing cross‐sectional data according to STROBE guidelines.MethodsSelf‐reports among nurses employed in chronic care (N = 394) from eight randomly selected hospitals in Belgium. Exploratory factor analysis and stepwise linear regression analyses were conducted.ResultsSuccess‐based and failure‐based orientations could be distinguished and refer to nurses' tendency to associate, respectively, patients’ successes with feelings of professional success and self‐worth and patients’ failures with feelings of professional failure, shame and inadequacy. Nurses’ self‐esteem is fairly interwoven with patients’ achievements in the management of their chronic condition. A success‐based orientation was positively related to autonomy‐supportive care in case a failure‐based orientation was low. Nurses with a simultaneous success‐based and failure‐based orientation interacted in a more controlling way.ConclusionsThe findings of this study suggest that basing one's self‐worth on patients' accomplishments may be a double‐edged sword. Although tying one's personal glory to the successes of one's patient is related to greater patient participation and support of autonomy, these effects only emerge if nurses' self‐worth is not interwoven with patients' failures. In fact, having both success‐ and failure‐oriented contingent self‐worth is related to a more pressuring approach.Relevance to clinical practiceTo prevent nurses from developing inferior professional feelings when their patients fail to manage their condition, a reflective stance towards the impact of patients’ behaviour on the nurses' professional feeling of (in)adequacy is an important step to deal with such situations.
An assessment of survivorship care needs of patients with colorectal cancer: The experiences and perspectives of hospital nurses
Authors: Witte Henriette , Handberg Charlotte 
Published: July 2019

AbstractPurposeTo describe and analyse hospital nurses' experiences and perspectives of needs assessment in relation to colorectal cancer patients' survivorship care and rehabilitation needs.MethodThe methodology and design of this study was phenomenological‐hermeneutic, and the analysis was performed by Ricoeur's theory of interpretation. Twelve hospital nurses working within the care of patients with colorectal cancer participated in four focus group interviews between February–March 2018. Focus group interviews were recorded, transcribed and analysed. The study adhered to the COREQ checklist.ResultsOur analysis showed that nurses experienced challenges and barriers in conducting needs assessment. These challenges were described in three main themes. Encountering paradigms brought to light the difficulties relating to implementation of needs assessment into daily practice in the complex context of a hospital setting. Patient involvement could be challenging because of insufficient involvement and inadequate health literacy of patients in relation to needs assessment. A negative attitude towards systematic needs assessment among nurses could present a barrier because of their role as gatekeepers.ConclusionThe findings point to important elements that are necessary to consider when planning cancer survivorship care in the hospital setting so that all patients experience the best possible cancer trajectory. These insights can guide future clinical practice in the endeavour to ensure more systematic initiatives towards cancer rehabilitation.Relevance to clinical practiceBased on our findings, cancer survivorship care needs assessment in the hospital setting should encompass specific guidelines on needs assessment and systematic implementation of these guidelines by involving hospital management, nurses and patients through use of visionary information and communication. Implementation of these guidelines would be supported by securing knowledge on cancer survivorship care for all hospital health professionals. Health literacy should be considered in formulating guidelines that enhance involvement of patients by use of patient‐centred communication.
Short implants (5‐8 mm) vs long implants (≥10 mm) with augmentation in atrophic posterior jaws: A meta‐analysis of randomised controlled trials
Authors: Chen Suya , Ou Qianmin , Wang Yan , Lin Xuefeng 
Published: July 2019

AbstractThe aim of this systematic review was to compare the survival rate, marginal bone loss changes and complications between short implants (5‐8 mm) and long implants (≥10 mm) with a bone‐augmented procedure in the posterior jaw. An electronic search of the MEDLINE (PubMed), Embase and Cochrane Library databases through September 2018 was done to identify randomised controlled trials (RCT) assessing short implants and long implants with at least a 1‐year follow‐up period after loading. A quantitative meta‐analysis was conducted on the survival rate, marginal bone loss changes and complications. Ten RCTs met the inclusion criteria. There were no significant differences in the survival rate (RR: 1.01; 95% CI: [0.99, 1.03]; P = .32) and complications (RR: 0.48; 95% CI: [0.20, 1.17]; P = .11) between the two groups. Compared with the long implant group, the short implant group had a lower marginal bone loss change, and the effect measure was significant (mean difference: −0.13; 95% CI: [−0.20, −0.06]; P < .05). This systematic review showed no difference between the survival rates and complications of short implants (5‐8 mm) and long implants (≥10 mm). The marginal bone loss changes in short implants are lower than those in long implants.
Seasonal temperature, the lunar cycle and diurnal rhythms interact in a combinatorial manner to modulate genomic responses to the environment in a reef‐building coral
Authors: Wuitchik Daniel M. , Wang DongZhuo , Pells Troy J. , Karimi Kamran , Ward Selina , Vize Peter D. 
Published: July 2019

AbstractRhythms of various periodicities drive cyclical processes in organisms ranging from single cells to the largest mammals on earth, and on scales from cellular physiology to global migrations. The molecular mechanisms that generate circadian behaviours in model organisms have been well studied, but longer phase cycles and interactions between cycles with different periodicities remain poorly understood. Broadcast spawning corals are one of the best examples of an organism integrating inputs from multiple environmental parameters, including seasonal temperature, the lunar phase and hour of the day, to calibrate their annual reproductive event. We present a deep RNA‐sequencing experiment utilizing multiple analyses to differentiate transcriptomic responses modulated by the interactions between the three aforementioned environmental parameters. Acropora millepora was sampled over multiple 24‐hr periods throughout a full lunar month and at two seasonal temperatures. Temperature, lunar and diurnal cycles produce distinct transcriptomic responses, with interactions between all three variables identifying a core set of genes. These core genes include mef2, a developmental master regulator, and two heterogeneous nuclear ribonucleoproteins, one of which is known to post‐transcriptionally interact with mef2 and with biological clock‐regulating mRNAs. Interactions between diurnal and temperature differences impacted a range of core processes ranging from biological clocks to stress responses. Genes involved with developmental processes and transcriptional regulation were impacted by the lunar phase and seasonal temperature differences. Lastly, there was a diurnal and lunar phase interaction in which genes involved with RNA‐processing and translational regulation were differentially regulated. These data illustrate the extraordinary levels of transcriptional variation across time in a simple radial cnidarian in response to the environment under normal conditions.
Variable hybridization outcomes in trout are predicted by historical fish stocking and environmental context
Authors: Mandeville Elizabeth G. , Walters Annika W. , Nordberg Brittany J. , Higgins Karly H. , Burckhardt Jason C. , Wagner Catherine E. 
Published: July 2019

AbstractHybridization can profoundly affect the genomic composition and phenotypes of closely related species, and provides an opportunity to identify mechanisms that maintain reproductive isolation between species. Recent evidence suggests that hybridization outcomes within a species pair can vary across locations. However, we still do not know how variable outcomes of hybridization are across geographic replicates, and what mechanisms drive that variation. In this study, we described hybridization outcomes across 27 locations in the North Fork Shoshone River basin (Wyoming, USA) where native Yellowstone cutthroat trout and introduced rainbow trout co‐occur. We used genomic data and hierarchical Bayesian models to precisely identify ancestry of hybrid individuals. Hybridization outcomes varied across locations. In some locations, only rainbow trout and advanced backcrossed hybrids towards rainbow trout were present, while trout in other locations had a broader range of ancestry, including both parental species and first‐generation hybrids. Later‐generation intermediate hybrids were rare relative to backcrossed hybrids and rainbow trout individuals. Using an individual‐based simulation, we found that outcomes of hybridization in the North Fork Shoshone River basin deviate substantially from what we would expect under null expectations of random mating and no selection against hybrids. Since this deviation implies that some mechanisms of reproductive isolation function to maintain parental taxa and a diversity of hybrid types, we then modelled hybridization outcomes as a function of environmental variables and stocking history that are likely to affect prezygotic barriers to hybridization. Variables associated with history of fish stocking were the strongest predictors of hybridization outcomes, followed by environmental variables that might affect overlap in spawning time and location.
Attention and encapsulation
Authors: Quilty‐Dunn Jake 
Published: July 2019

AbstractThe question of whether perception is encapsulated from cognition has been a major topic in the study of perception in the past decade. One locus of debate concerns the role of attention. Some theorists argue that attention is a vehicle for widespread violations of encapsulation; others argue that certain forms of cognitively driven attention are compatible with encapsulation, especially if attention only modulates inputs. This paper argues for an extreme thesis: no effect of attention, whether on the inputs to perception or on perceptual processing itself, constitutes a violation of the encapsulation of perception.
An A666G mutation in transmembrane helix 5 of the yeast multidrug transporter Pdr5 increases drug efflux by enhancing cooperativity between transport sites
Authors: Arya Nidhi , Rahman Hadiar , Rudrow Andrew , Wagner Manuel , Schmitt Lutz , Ambudkar Suresh V. , Golin John 
Published: July 2019

SummaryResistance to antimicrobial and chemotherapeutic agents is a significant clinical problem. Overexpression of multidrug efflux pumps often creates broad‐spectrum resistance in cancers and pathogens. We describe a mutation, A666G, in the yeast ABC transporter Pdr5 that shows greater resistance to most of the tested compounds than does an isogenic wild‐type strain. This mutant exhibited enhanced resistance without increasing either the amount of protein in the plasma membrane or the ATPase activity. In fluorescence quenching transport assays with rhodamine 6G in purified plasma membrane vesicles, the initial rates of rhodamine 6G fluorescence quenching of both the wild type and mutant showed a strong dependence on the ATP concentration, but were about twice as high in the latter. Plots of the initial rate of fluorescence quenching versus ATP concentration exhibited strong cooperativity that was further enhanced in the A666G mutant. Resistance to imazalil sulfate was about 3–4x as great in the A666G mutant strain as in the wild type. When this transport substrate was used to inhibit the rhodamine 6G transport, the A666G mutant inhibition curves also showed greater cooperativity than the wild‐type strain. Our results suggest a novel and important mechanism: under selection, Pdr5 mutants can increase drug resistance by improving cooperative interactions between drug transport sites.
Multifaceted roles of thrombopoietin in hematopoietic stem cell regulation
Authors: Nakamura‐Ishizu Ayako , Suda Toshio 
Published: July 2019

AbstractThrombopoietin (Thpo) and its receptor myeloid proliferative leukemia (Mpl) were initially identified as the cytokine signaling that stimulates megakaryopoiesis and platelet production. However, Thpo–Mpl signaling has also been widely characterized as one of the few cytokine systems that directly regulates hematopoietic stem and progenitor cells. The ability of Thpo signaling to stimulate hematopoietic stem cell (HSC) self‐renewal has led to the development and utilization of Thpo mimetic drugs to treat hematopoietic diseases with restricted function of HSCs, such as aplastic anemia. This review will cover the mechanisms by which Thpo–Mpl signaling regulates HSCs.
Economic Policy Uncertainty Spillovers in Booms and Busts
Authors: Caggiano Giovanni , Castelnuovo Efrem , Figueres Juan Manuel 
Published: July 2019

AbstractWe estimate a nonlinear VAR to quantify the impact of US economic policy uncertainty shocks on the Canadian unemployment rate in booms and busts. We find strong evidence in favour of asymmetric spillover effects. Unemployment in Canada is shown to react more strongly to uncertainty shocks in economic busts. Such shocks explain about 13% of the variance of the 2‐year ahead forecast error of the Canadian unemployment rate in recessions vs. just 2% during economic booms. Counterfactual simulations point to a novel ‘economic policy uncertainty spillovers channel’. According to this channel, jumps in US uncertainty foster economic policy uncertainty in Canada in the first place and, because of the latter, lead to a temporary increase in the Canadian unemployment rate. Evidence of asymmetric spillover effects are also found for the UK economy, whose trade intensity with the US is low. This result is consistent with a transmission channel other than trade behind our findings.
Comparison of the microbial flora from different orthodontic archwires using a cultivation method and PCR: A prospective study
Authors: Hepyukselen Busra Guven , Cesur Mine Gecgelen 
Published: July 2019

Structured AbstractObjectiveThe aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of superelastic nickel‐titanium (SE NiTi), copper‐nickel‐titanium (CuNiTi) and titanium‐molybdenum alloy (TMA) archwires with different surface properties on dental plaque retention and microbial colonization.Setting and Sample PopulationTotally 25 individuals, consisting of 16 girls and nine boys with mean age of 15.69 ± 1.70, were included in this study.Material and MethodsThe effects of the SE NiTi, CuNiTi and TMA archwires with different surface properties on the amount of Streptoccocus sp and Lactobacillus sp were investigated with three different parameters including clinical periodontal indexes, microbial swab and archwire samples. Phenotypic isolation was performed from microbial swab and archwire samples using culture method; genotypic isolations were performed by the polymerase chain reaction method.ResultsThere was no statistically significant difference between SE NiTi, CuNiTi and TMA archwires in terms of periodontal parameters (P > .05). When microbial swabs and archwires samples from different archwire groups were evaluated by culture method, no statistically significant difference was found between the groups (P > .05). A statistically significant difference was found between the amount of Lactobacillus sp in the swab samples of the CuNiTi archwire after the purification period (P = .023). S mutans were found to be more quantity than other bacterial types in all archwires.ConclusionThe amount of microbial involvement was found to be lower in CuNiTi archwires than in the post‐purification period. This may be due to the antimicrobial effect of copper.
Oral keratosis of unknown significance shares genomic overlap with oral dysplasia
Authors: Villa Alessandro , Hanna Glenn J. , Kacew Alec , Frustino Jennifer , Hammerman Peter S. , Woo Sook‐Bin 
Published: July 2019

AbstractObjectivesTo identify molecular characteristics of keratosis of unknown significance and to nominate pathways of molecular progression to oral cancer. Our work could provide a rationale for monitoring and treating these lesions definitively.MethodsPatients with oral leukoplakia were eligible for our prospective observational study. We correlated alterations in cancer‐associated genes with clinical and histopathologic variables (keratosis of unknown significance vs. moderate‐to‐severe dysplasia) and compared these alterations to a previously molecularly characterized oral cancer population.ResultsOf 20 enrolled patients, 13 (65%) had evidence of keratosis of unknown significance, while seven (35%) had dysplasia. Nine patients (45%) developed oral cancer (4/13 with keratosis of unknown significance, 5/7 with dysplasia). At a median follow‐up of 67 (range 22–144) months, median overall survival was significantly shorter for patients with dysplasia (hazard ratio 0.11, p = .02). KMT2C and TP53 alterations were most frequent (75% and 35%, respectively). There were molecular similarities between keratosis of unknown significance and dysplasia patients, with no significant differences in mutational frequency among genes with ≥15% rate of alteration.ConclusionsAmong patients with leukoplakia, both patients with keratosis of unknown significance and patients with dysplasia developed oral cancer. Molecular alterations between these two groups were similar at this sample size.
Efficacy and safety of tipepidine as adjunctive therapy in children with attention‐deficit/hyperactivity disorder: Randomized, double‐blind, placebo‐controlled clinical trial
Authors: Dehbozorghi Sara , Bagheri Sayna , Moradi Kamyar , Shokraee Kamyar , Mohammadi Mohammad‐Reza , Akhondzadeh Shahin 
Published: July 2019

AimThis study evaluated the efficacy and safety of tipepidine as an add‐on to methylphenidate in the drug treatment of attention‐deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD).MethodsThis study was an 8‐week, randomized, parallel group, double‐blind, placebo‐controlled trial recruiting 53 ADHD‐diagnosed children. Patients were randomly divided to receive methylphenidate + tipepidine or methylphenidate + placebo for 8 weeks. Participants were assessed using the parent version of ADHD Rating Scale‐IV and the Clinical Global Impression scale at baseline, at week 4, and at the end of the trial. Moreover, the safety and tolerability of the treatment strategies were compared.ResultsOn general linear model repeated measures analysis a significant effect was seen for time × treatment interaction on the total and hyperactivity–impulsivity subscales of the Parent ADHD Rating Scale‐IV during the trial period (Greenhouse–Geisser corrected: F = 3.45, d.f. = 1.52, P = 0.049, and F = 5.17, d.f. = 1.52, P = 0.014, respectively). The effect for time × treatment interaction, however, was not significant on Clinical Global Impression‐Severity scale (Greenhouse–Geisser corrected: F = 1.79, d.f. = 1.43, P = 0.182). The frequencies of adverse events were similar between the two groups.ConclusionEight weeks of treatment with tipepidine, as a supplementary medication, resulted in satisfactory efficacy and safety of the adjuvant therapy in management of patients with ADHD. Rigorous investigations, however, involving larger sample sizes, more extended treatment periods, and dose responses should be considered.