bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Transition from pediatric to adult care system in patients with complex epilepsies: Necker model for transition evaluated on 70 consecutive patients
Authors: Nabbout Rima , Molimard Agathe , Scorrano Giovanna , Aubart Melodie , Breuillard Delphine , Delaune Morgane , Barcia Giulia , Chemaly Nicole , Barthez Marie‐Anne , Desguerre Isabelle 
Published: November 2024

AbstractObjectiveComplex epilepsies such as epileptic and developmental encephalopathies require multidisciplinary care throughout life. A coordinated transition program is therefore essential to provide optimal support for patients leaving pediatric for adult care. The aim of this study is to describe and evaluate our transition program for complex epilepsies, focusing on the last step in this program, that is, the multidisciplinary transition day hospital (MTDH).MethodsWe performed a retrospective observational study including patients with complex epilepsies who underwent the full steps of the transition program at Necker–Enfants Malades Hospital between May 2021 and June 2023, with a follow‐up until February 2024. We described the cohort and detailed the interventions performed during the MTDH including medical, medicosocial, educational, daily life abilities, and laboratory and imaging assessments with the participation of one member of the adult team.We evaluated two indicators of our program: (1) the “adult first clinic attendance rate,” defined by the percentage of patients attending their first adult clinic; and (2) the “return rate,” defined by the percentage of patients who requested a pediatric encounter after their transfer.ResultsOur cohort included 70 patients with a mean age of 19.1 years (interquartile range = 16.3–19.5). Eighty percent had an epilepsy syndrome diagnosis; 72.8% were treated with three or more antiseizure medications. All patients had their appointment at the adult clinic within 6 months of the day hospital, and only two families requested a pediatric encounter after the transfer.SignificanceThe transition program is key for an optimal transfer of patients with complex epilepsies to adult care. It requires a comprehensive multidisciplinary approach and provides a complete summary of the medical record. Our program secures a smooth landing in adult care and is a promising model to better manage the challenging transition process, especially in patients with complex epilepsy.
Accounting for Salmon Body Size Declines in Fishery Management Can Reduce Conservation Risks
Authors: Ohlberger Jan , Schindler Daniel E. , Staton Benjamin A. 
Published: November 2024

ABSTRACTChanges in population demographic structure can have tangible but unknown effects on management effectiveness. Fishery management of Pacific salmon is often informed by estimates of the number of spawners expected to produce maximum sustainable yield (SMSY), implicitly assuming that reproductive output per spawner does not change over time. However, many salmon populations have experienced long‐term trends in age, sex and length compositions that have resulted in smaller body sizes of mature fish. We present an empirically based simulation approach for evaluating management implications of declining reproductive output resulting from shifting demographics. We simulated populations with or without demographic trends, selective or unselective harvests, and harvest policies based on assessment methods that did or did not account explicitly for demographic trends when estimating SMSY. A management strategy evaluation showed reduced expected harvests and run sizes when populations exhibited negative demographic trends. Reduced abundances and increased conservation risks (higher probability of falling below an abundance threshold) could be partially mitigated by using stock‐recruitment analyses based on total egg mass instead of spawner abundance, or via precautionary management where target escapements were higher than SMSY, especially in fisheries that selectively removed large fish. Explicit accounting of demographic trends in stock‐recruit analyses resulted in up to 25% higher run sizes and up to 20% lower conservation risks compared to traditional methods when trends toward smaller, younger and male‐biased runs were present in the population. Conservation of population demographic structure may be critical for sustaining productive fish populations and their benefits to ecosystems and people.
SENSORY EXPERIMENTS, SENSORY ORDERS, AND AESTHETIC EDUCATION
Authors: Lalu Premesh 
Published: November 2024

ABSTRACTErica Fretwell's Sensory Experiments: Psychophysics, Race, and the Aesthetics of Feeling (2020) raises crucial questions about the making of a concept of difference through marshaling the senses to the ends of a sensory order in postbellum United States. In this essay, I argue that Fretwell's book has opened a crucial horizon for rethinking how race and ideas of difference marking gender and disability were remade through the short‐lived but deeply consequential science of psychophysics. While the study focuses on how psychophysics and its aftermaths recast questions of difference in the US, Fretwell indirectly poses a major challenge for the critique of the twentieth‐century experience of race elsewhere—for example, of apartheid in South Africa. In this review essay, I argue that, beyond the US, Fretwell's meticulously elaborated argument renews approaches to the problem and problematization of race and difference. Read in relation to the making of race in South Africa, the book inadvertently brings into view a deceptive plot of petty apartheid, a banal everyday constitution of a sensory order that shares its origins in the discourse of psychophysics. When placed alongside the more pronounced forms of grand apartheid, the resultant psychophysical aesthesis conscripts the human sensorium to a cybernetic mode of power that shifts between a racialization of labor and a racialization of desire. Fretwell effectively invites us to consider the endpoints of psychophysics in a hierarchy of the senses, for which an aesthetic education may yet be required to short‐circuit and reroute the senses through intervals of synesthesia.
Reaching new heights: Arboreal ant diversity in a North American temperate forest ecosystem
Authors: Kirchner Michelle , Sorenson Clyde , Blaimer Bonnie B. , Youngsteadt Elsa 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
Most canopy insect research takes place in tropical forests, where communities are highly vertically stratified. However, temperate forest canopies also provide critical resources to many species and are under intense pressure from global change drivers. The relative lack of knowledge regarding temperate canopy insect ecology impedes our forest management and conservation decisions such that we may be losing temperate canopy biodiversity before we know it exists.
We directly compared ant diversity and community composition on the ground and in the tree canopy of North American temperate deciduous forests for the first time. We also evaluated two canopy sampling methods—baits and hand collections.
We collected 34 ant species from 102 trees across seven sites. Ant diversity was greater on the ground than in the canopy, and species turnover created distinct communities across vertical strata. Only 12% of species were exclusively arboreal, but 47% were collected in both strata, indicating the canopy is an important resource for temperate ants, even if they are not restricted there.
Baiting and hand‐collecting recovered similar species richness, but whether baits captured a subset of hand‐collected species or a unique assemblage was site‐dependent. Nevertheless, we suggest that these methods are most effective in conjunction.
Hand collection allowed us to document arboreal nests of 10 species, including the invasive needle ant, Brachyponera chinensis, which was previously thought to be strictly terrestrial.
Our results emphasise the importance of including the canopy in temperate forest ecology and conservation assessments.
Anti‐MDA5 positivity: describing the frequency and spectrum of clinically evident MDA5 disease
Authors: See Janelle , Fairley Jessica L. , Yeo Ai L. , Ojaimi Samar , Morand Eric F. 
Published: November 2024

AbstractTo evaluate experience in a tertiary rheumatology service with melanoma differentiation‐association‐protein‐5 (MDA5) disease and testing, patients with positive autoantibody results were reviewed for the presence of clinical disease. Anti‐MDA5 positivity was detected in 2% of myositis‐specific antibody tests. Of these, 29% did not have features consistent with anti‐MDA5 disease. However, when present, MDA5 disease is severe with a high mortality.
Balanced regulation of ROS production and inflammasome activation in preventing early development of colorectal cancer
Authors: Li Longjun , Xu Tao , Qi Xiaopeng 
Published: November 2024

SummaryReactive oxygen species (ROS) production and inflammasome activation are the key components of the innate immune response to microbial infection and sterile insults. ROS are at the intersection of inflammation and immunity during cancer development. Balanced regulation of ROS production and inflammasome activation serves as the central hub of innate immunity, determining whether a cell will survive or undergo cell death. However, the mechanisms underlying this balanced regulation remain unclear. Mitochondria and NADPH oxidases are the two major sources of ROS production. Recently, NCF4, a component of the NADPH oxidase complex that primarily contributes to ROS generation in phagocytes, was reported to balance ROS production and inflammasome activation in macrophages. The phosphorylation and puncta distribution of NCF4 shifts from the membrane‐bound NADPH complex to the perinuclear region, promoting ASC speck formation and inflammasome activation, which triggers downstream IL‐18‐IFN‐γ signaling to prevent the progression of colorectal cancer (CRC). Here, we review ROS signaling and inflammasome activation studies in colitis‐associated CRC and propose that NCF4 acts as a ROS sensor that balances ROS production and inflammasome activation. In addition, NCF4 is a susceptibility gene for Crohn's disease (CD) and CRC. We discuss the evidence demonstrating NCF4's crucial role in facilitating cell–cell contact between immune cells and intestinal cells, and mediating the paracrine effects of inflammatory cytokines and ROS. This coordination of the signaling network helps create a robust immune microenvironment that effectively prevents epithelial cell mutagenesis and tumorigenesis during the early stage of colitis‐associated CRC.
Effectiveness of Bivalent mRNA Vaccines in Preventing Symptomatic SARS‐CoV‐2 Infection—Increasing Community Access to Testing Program, United States, January–September 2023
Authors: Ciesla Allison Avrich , Mak Josephine , Roper Lauren E. , Fleming‐Dutra Katherine E. , Smith Zachary R. , Wiegand Ryan E. , Britton Amadea , Miller Joseph , Link‐Gelles Ruth 
Published: November 2024

ABSTRACTBackgroundOn September 2, 2022, bivalent COVID‐19 mRNA vaccines, were recommended to address reduced effectiveness of COVID‐19 monovalent vaccines during SARS‐CoV‐2 Omicron variant predominance.MethodsUsing national pharmacy‐based SARS‐CoV‐2 testing program data from January 15 to September 11, 2023, this test‐negative, case–control design study assessed bivalent COVID‐19 vaccine effectiveness (VE) against symptomatic infection.ResultsVE against symptomatic infection of a bivalent dose between 2 weeks and 1 month after bivalent vaccination ranged from 46% (95% CI: 38%–52%) for those aged ≥ 65 years to 61% (95% CI 41%–75%) for those aged 12–17 years.ConclusionBivalent vaccines protected against symptomatic infection. However, effectiveness waned over time, emphasizing the need to stay up to date with COVID‐19 vaccination.
Clinical Factors Affecting the Quality of Life of Women With Endometriosis
Authors: Bień Agnieszka , Pokropska Aleksandra , Grzesik‐Gąsior Joanna , Korżyńska‐Piętas Magdalena , Zarajczyk Marta , Rzońca Ewa , Jurek Krzysztof 
Published: November 2024

ABSTRACTAimThe study aimed to analyse selected clinical data affecting the quality of life of women with endometriosis.DesignA cross‐sectional study.MethodThe study was conducted in 2020–2022 among 425 women with endometriosis receiving health care. A diagnostic survey method with a questionnaire technique was used. The research tools are the Endometriosis Health Profile and a standardised interview questionnaire.ResultsInfertility, medical treatment and sexual intercourse were the dimensions of quality of life most poorly rated by respondents with endometriosis. Lower quality of life was linked to the presence of painful periods, the presence of pain during intercourse and having surgery for endometriosis.ConclusionThe main clinical variables influencing the quality of life of women with endometriosis include problems with getting pregnant, the necessity for long‐term therapy and sexual problems caused by the condition. The occurrence of painful menstruation, dyspareunia and having undergone surgery for endometriosis is associated with lower ratings of women's general quality of life.Implications for the ProfessionThe study will help to develop a more holistic approach to caring for endometriosis patients. This will result in a better diagnosis, individualised therapy and psychological support, all of which will enhance the overall quality of life. The study's results may impact the development of health policies, endometriosis support services for women and public awareness initiatives.ImpactThe study highlighted key determinants affecting health‐related quality of life for women with endometriosis. The analysis of clinical data revealed that infertility, treatment and dyspareunia are the dimensions of quality of life most poorly rated by women with endometriosis. These findings are significant for those providing care to women with endometriosis, as well as for policymakers responsible for the organisation of health care systems.Reporting MethodThe STROBE guidelines.Patient or Public ContributionNo patient or public contribution.
Drivers of Interspecific Spatial Segregation in Two Closely‐Related Seabird Species at a Pan‐Atlantic Scale
Authors: Bonnet‐Lebrun Anne‐Sophie , Matthiopoulos Jason , Lemaire‐Patin Rémi , Deville Tanguy , Barrett Robert , Bogdanova Maria I. , Bolton Mark , Christensen‐Dalsgaard Signe , Daunt Francis , Dehnhard Nina , Descamps Sébastien , Elliott Kyle , Erikstad Kjell Einar , Frederiksen Morten , Gilchrist Grant , Harris Mike , Kolbeinsson Yann , Linnebjerg Jannie Fries , Lorentsen Svein‐Håkon , Mallory Mark , Merkel Flemming , Mosbech Anders , Owen Ellie , Patterson Allison , Pratte Isabeau , Strøm Hallvard , Þórarinsson Þorkell Lindberg , Wanless Sarah , Ratcliffe Norman 
Published: November 2024

ABSTRACTAimEcologically similar species living in sympatry are expected to segregate to reduce the effects of competition where resources are limiting. Segregation from heterospecifics commonly occurs in space, but it is often unknown whether such segregation has underlying environmental causes. Indeed, species could segregate because of different fundamental environmental requirements (i.e., ‘niche divergence’), because competitive exclusion at sympatric sites can force species to either change the habitat use they would have at allopatric sites (i.e., ‘niche displacement’) or to avoid certain areas, independently of habitat (i.e., ‘spatial avoidance’). Testing these hypotheses requires the comparison between sympatric and allopatric sites. Understanding the competitive mechanisms that underlie patterns of spatial segregation could improve predictions of species responses to environmental change, as competition might exacerbate the effects of environmental change.LocationNorth Atlantic and Arctic.TaxaCommon guillemots Uria aalge and Brünnich's guillemots Uria lomvia.MethodsHere, we examine support for these explanations for spatial segregation in two closely‐related seabird species, common guillemots (Uria aalge) and Brünnich's guillemots (U. lomvia). For this, we collated a pan‐Atlantic data set of breeding season foraging tracks from 1046 individuals, collected from 20 colonies (8 sympatric and 12 allopatric). These were analysed with habitat models in a spatially transferable framework to compare habitat preferences between species at sympatric and allopatric sites.ResultsWe found no effect of the distribution of heterospecifics on local habitat preferences of the focal species. We found differences in habitat preferences between species, but these were not sufficient to explain the observed levels of spatial segregation at sympatric sites.Main ConclusionsAssuming we did not omit any relevant environmental variables, these results suggest a mix of niche divergence and spatial avoidance produces the observed patterns of spatial segregation.
Rates of and Indications for Subcutaneous ICD Extraction: A Multihospital Healthcare System Analysis
Authors: Gangadharan Arati , Peigh Graham , Arif Mariam , Baman Jayson , Patil Kaustubha , Chicos Alexandru , Kim Susan S. , Lin Albert C. , Pfenniger Anna , Passman Rod S. , Knight Bradley P. , Verma Nishant 
Published: November 2024

ABSTRACTIntroductionThe subcutaneous implantable cardioverter defibrillator (S‐ICD) is an alternative to a transvenous ICD in patients who meet the criteria for ICD implantation without concurrent need for cardiac pacing. The objective of this study is to examine the rates of and indications for S‐ICD removal and extraction.MethodsA retrospective analysis of all patients who underwent S‐ICD implantation between 2010 and 2022 at a single multihospital healthcare system was performed. The primary endpoint was S‐ICD removal or extraction. Patient and device characteristics were abstracted from the electronic medical record. Univariate and multivariate analyses were completed to determine factors associated with S‐ICD extraction.ResultsA total of 372 patients (69.5% male; 48.6 ± 14.4 years old) underwent S‐ICD implantation during the study period. There were 22 (5.9%) patients (81.8% male; 52.1 ± 13.2 years old) who underwent S‐ICD extraction over a median follow‐up period of 4.4 [2.0−6.5] years. The median length of time between implantation and extraction was 39.6 [8.3−64.6] months. The most common indications for S‐ICD extraction were the need for bradycardia pacing (frequency among extractions, 18.2%), infection (22.7%), and inappropriate shocks due to oversensing (22.7%). A smoking history and higher body mass index were independently associated with S‐ICD extraction.ConclusionsThe overall rate of S‐ICD extraction over 4.4 [2.0−6.5] years was 5.9%, with the most common indications for extraction being the need for bradycardia pacing, infection, and inappropriate shocks due to oversensing. A smoking history and high body mass index are associated with increased rates of S‐ICD extraction. With appropriate patient selection for the S‐ICD, the need to remove the device after implantation is low.
Building a European Union ‘Treasury’: Explaining the European Commission's New Approach to Debt Issuance and Management
Authors: Spielberger Lukas , Hodson Dermot , Howarth David , Mugnai Iacopo 
Published: November 2024

AbstractThis article examines how the European Commission went from being an occasional participant in capital markets in the 1970s to an established bond issuer by the 2020s. As a result of these changes, the Commission has moved away from its traditional model of back‐to‐back lending using a wide array of funding instruments towards the regular issuance of EU bonds and bills in the style of a European treasury. Using a principal–agent approach, we ask whether this shift was driven by member states seeking to reap the benefits of collective borrowing or rather by slippage by the Commission aimed at spurring European integration. Our results show that the Commission's occasional attempts to advance wider political objectives were rebuffed by member states, which, nonetheless, ultimately embraced the idea of a European treasury. Our findings emphasise the logic of delegation over agency slack when it comes to the EU's evolution as a borrower.
Fighting for Europe: The EU's Democratic Pull Phenomenon in Ukraine, Poland and Belarus
Authors: Onuch Olga 
Published: November 2024

AbstractWhat drives ordinary citizens to want their country to join or stay in the European Union (EU)? Whilst scholarship addressed value‐based dispositions as drivers of pro‐EU positions, material benefits dominate explanations of support for EU accession and membership. New research suggests that it is precisely the growing import of being an adherent of liberal democratic values that drove citizens in countries as disparate as Ukraine, Poland and Belarus to support EU accession and remained the key driver for those already in the Union wanting to stay in. Employing national surveys and regression analyses, this article shows that (a) not only is a shift to supporting EU accession accompanied by citizens also moving towards supporting democracy in Ukraine; (b) this EU democratic pull phenomenon can also be identified amongst citizens of other EU neighbourhood countries, as well as in EU member states.
A Study Into Systemic and Oral Levels of Proinflammatory Biomarkers Associated With Endpoints After Active Non‐Surgical Periodontal Therapy
Authors: Werner Nils , Frasheri Iris , Heck Katrin , Scalia Carla , Pitchika Vinay , Summer Burkhard , Ern Christina , Heym Richard , Schwendicke Falk , Bumm Caspar Victor , Folwaczny Matthias 
Published: November 2024

ABSTRACTAimTo analyse whether some selected inflammatory biomarkers collected from venous blood and gingival crevicular fluid (GCF) were associated with the outcome of non‐surgical periodontal therapy.Materials and MethodsTwo‐hundred and nine patients affected by periodontitis were enrolled in the study, who had undergone steps I and II therapy as well as a non‐surgical re‐instrumentation (NSRI) of periodontal pockets after 6 months. Serum (SE), plasma (PL) and GCF samples were quantitatively analysed for the following inflammatory biomarkers: active matrix metalloproteinase‐8 (aMMP‐8), prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) and surfactant protein D (SP‐D). Therapy outcomes were evaluated using a ‘treat‐to‐target’ endpoint (T2T) at the patient level, defined as ≤ 4 sites with pocket depth ≥ 5 mm.ResultsPatients presented with 23 ± 6 teeth (mean ± SD) at baseline. After steps I and II therapy, 41.6% of the patients reached T2T and after NSRI 47.4%. Univariate analysis identified a potential association between high levels of PL‐SP‐D and more favourable treatment outcomes. Multivariate binary logistic regression adjusted for sex, mean baseline probing depth, diabetes and current smoking status confirmed an independent relationship between baseline PL‐SP‐D and the T2T after steps I and II therapy (aOR 0.432, p = 0.011), implying that a higher level PL‐SP‐D at baseline is associated with a > 50% reduced risk of failing T2T. However, no such association was found for PL‐SP‐D and NSRI.ConclusionHigher baseline PL‐SP‐D levels might be associated with more favourable treatment outcomes after steps I and II therapy. This may be due to its role in the regulation of neutrophil function. However, further investigation is required to confirm this hypothesis. If proven, PL‐SP‐D could play a role as a biomarker for identifying individuals who respond differentially to primary therapy.