bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Community-Level Sports Group Participation and the Risk of Cognitive Impairment
Authors: TSUJI TAISHI , KANAMORI SATORU , MIYAGUNI YASUHIRO , HANAZATO MASAMICHI , KONDO KATSUNORI 
Published: June 2019

ABSTRACT

Purpose
Community-level group participation is a structural aspect of social capital that may have a contextual influence on individual health. We investigated the contextual effect of community-level prevalence of sports group participation on the risk of cognitive impairment among older individuals.

Methods
We analyzed prospective cohort data from the Japan Gerontological Evaluation Study, a nationwide survey of 40,308 functionally independent older individuals from 346 communities. Cognitive impairment was assessed by the nationally standardized dementia scale proposed by the Ministry of Health, Labour and Welfare of Japan. Participation in a sports group 1 d per month or more frequently was defined as “participation.” We applied a two-level multilevel survival analysis to calculate hazard ratios (HR) and 95% confidence intervals (CI).

Results
The cumulative incidence of cognitive impairment during the 6-yr follow-up period was 9.8%. The mean proportion of sports group participation was 25.2% (range, 0.0%–56.5%). Higher prevalence of community-level sports group participation was associated with a lower risk of cognitive impairment (HR, 0.92; 95% CI, 0.86–0.99, estimated by 10 percentage points of participation proportion) after adjusting for individual-level sports group participation, sex, age, disease, obesity, social isolation, alcohol, smoking, education, income, depression, daily walking time, population density, and sunlight hours. We found cross-level interaction between individual- and community-level sports group participation (HR, 0.87; 95% CI, 0.76–0.99).

Conclusions
We found a contextual preventive effect of community-level sports group participation on developing cognitive impairment among older individuals. Furthermore, the benefit may favor sports group participants. Therefore, promoting sports groups in a community setting may be effective as a population-based strategy for the prevention of dementia.
Individual Region- and Muscle-specific Hamstring Activity at Different Running Speeds
Authors: HEGYI ANDRÁS , GONÇALVES BASÍLIO A. M. , FINNI TAIJA , CRONIN NEIL J. 
Published: June 2019

ABSTRACT

Introduction
Hamstring strain injuries typically occur in the proximal biceps femoris long head (BFlh) at high running speeds. Strain magnitude seems to be the primary determinant of strain injury, and may be regulated by muscle activation. In running, BFlh strain is largest in the proximal region, especially at high speeds. However, region-specific activity has not been examined. This study examined the proximal–distal and intermuscular activity of BFlh and semitendinosus (ST) as a function of increasing running speed.

Methods
Thirteen participants ran at steady speeds of 4.1 (slow), 5.4 (moderate), and 6.8 m·s−1 (fast) on a treadmill. Region- and muscle-specific EMG activity were recorded at each speed using high-density EMG, and were normalized to maximal voluntary isometric activity. Muscle–tendon unit lengths were calculated from kinematic recordings. Speed effects, regional, and intermuscular differences were tested with Statistical Parametric Mapping.

Results
With increasing running speed, EMG activity increased in all regions of both muscles to a similar extent in the clinically relevant late swing phase. Increases in muscle–tendon unit lengths in late swing as a function of running speed were comparatively small. In fast running, EMG activity was highest in late swing in all regions, and reached 115% ± 20% (proximal region, mean ± 95% confidence limit), 106% ± 11% (middle), and 124% ± 16% (distal) relative to maximal voluntary isometric activity in BFlh. Regional and intermuscular EMG patterns were highly individual, but each individual maintained similar proximal–distal and intermuscular EMG activity patterns across running speeds.

Conclusions
Running is associated with highly individual hamstring activity patterns, but these patterns are similar across speeds. It may thus be crucial to implement running at submaximal speeds early after hamstring injury for restoration of normal neuromuscular function.
High-Intensity Physical Exercise in a Glioblastoma Patient under Multimodal Treatment
Authors: TROSCHEL FABIAN M. , BRANDT RALF , WIEWRODT RAINER , STUMMER WALTER , WIEWRODT DOROTHEE 
Published: June 2019

ABSTRACT

Introduction
Glioblastoma multiforme (GBM) carries a strongly unfavorable prognosis despite intensive multidisciplinary therapy. Physical exercise is rarely offered to patients for fear of adverse events such as falls, epileptic seizures, or bleeding, despite little supporting evidence. Here, we report a study of high-level and long-term exercise in a GBM patient.

Methods
A 33-yr-old male, diagnosed with a large cystic GBM, was included in our institution’s Personal Training Program after initial tumor resection and adjuvant radiochemotherapy. The program was designed to facilitate individual long-term high-intensity exercise. Supervised by a certified personal trainer, it consisted of at least four weekly training sessions and intermittent performance diagnostics. An activity tracker quantified training intensity.

Results
In this setting, the patient exercised at high intensity without adverse events for 87 continuous weeks (21 months). He averaged 43.7 metabolic equivalent of task hours per week (MET·h·wk−1), well above the 75th percentile of healthy males the same age, while undergoing multiple surgeries, chemotherapy, and radiation therapy regimens. The patient completed two marathons averaging less than 5 min·km−1 both times, despite tumor progression. Performance diagnostics indicated a gain of fitness even during continuous GBM treatment. Due to multiple intraventricular lesions and increasing intracranial pressure, training was stopped 6 wk before the patient passed away 2 yr after initial diagnosis.

Conclusions
This study demonstrates that high-intensity, long-term physical training regimens are feasible in GBM patients during full multidisciplinary therapy. In this patient, the exercise was pursued without adverse events and led to a gain of fitness despite tumor progression and intensive multiple therapies. We conclude that, in GBM patients, exercise regimens require further study instead of general discouragement.
Individual proficiency of reception by the Estonian men’s national team at the qualification tournament of the European Championship
Authors: Stamm Raini , Stamm Meelis , Tigane Jarek , Tuula Reeda 
Published: June 2019

The aim of the study was to analyse players’ individual proficiency at serve reception and its influence on the following attack in the Estonian national team during the qualification for the European Championship in 2016.
The subjects were the players of Estonian national volleyball team during the qualification for the European Championship in 2016. To collect data, video recordings of eight games of the Estonian national team were viewed; the number serve receptions, type and zone of reception and proficiency were registered. In addition, the number of attacks following serve reception, their zone, performer and proficiency were recorded.
The results revealed that success at the reception of serve influences the proficiency of attack. At more successful reception, the proficiency of attack was higher than at poorer reception.
As a result of the study, it was shown that serve reception by the Estonian team was more proficient in sets won than in sets lost. In the case of more successful reception, the Estonian national volleyball team was more proficient at attack than in the case of less proficient reception. When types of reception were compared, the receivers of the Estonian national team were most proficient at reception from above. The receivers of the Estonian national received the serve best in zone 5.
Ewolucja kształcenia tłumaczy zawodowych w kontekście wyzwań współczesnego przekładoznawstwa i wymogów rynku pracy
Authors: Tomaszkiewicz Teresa 
Published: June 2019

The Evolution of Professional Translators’ Education in the Context of the Challenges of Contemporary Translation Studies and of Market Needs
In the last years, we have been observing very important changes in translation markets. The constantly developing new technologies but also the new challenges of the labor market force us to redefine the image and role of contemporary translators, from whom ever new competences are required. The translators’ training programs must respond to this reality, providing them with the opportunity to adapt to the changes taking place. In this article, the author presents the evolution of the approach to competences taught in the framework of programs accepted for the EMT network from 2008 till 2019. In this context, she analyzes the academic dimension of professional training, and – more specifically – focuses on the effects of teaching in the context of a master’s seminar, which is a compulsory element of the study program. She shows that educational tasks properly set within this module are closely related to the challenges faced by research universities as defined by the new law concerning higher education and science adopted in Poland on 10.07.2018.
The Bloomsbury Handbook of Food and Popular Culture, Kathleen Lebesco and Peter Naccarato (eds) (2018)
Authors: Horwitz Jamie L. 
Published: June 2019

Review of: The Bloomsbury Handbook of Food and Popular Culture, Kathleen Lebesco and Peter Naccarato (eds) (2018)
London and New York: Bloomsbury Academic, 347 pp.,
ISBN 978-1-47429-624-3, h/bk, $136
Stimulating More Than Just the Granulocytes: Drug-Induced Liver Injury From Filgrastim
Authors: Sharma Disha , Da Ben L. , Vittal Anusha , Kapuria Devika , Heller Theo , Ben Yakov Gil 
Published: June 2019

ABSTRACT
Granulocyte-colony-stimulating factors such as filgrastim are currently used for multiple indications, one of which is administration to healthy donors for allogeneic stem cell collection. So far, filgrastim has not been described as a cause of drug-induced liver injury. We report a case of drug-induced liver injury secondary to filgrastim use in a 54-year-old healthy donor. The patient presented with an upsurge of liver enzymes a week from the drug administration with a rapid downtrend over the next few weeks. We wish to highlight the possibility of a similar idiosyncratic adverse drug reaction in other healthy individuals.
Gene Expression Changes Accompanying the Duodenal Adenoma-Carcinoma Sequence in Familial Adenomatous Polyposis
Authors: Thiruvengadam Sushrut S. , O'Malley Margaret , LaGuardia Lisa , Lopez Rocio , Wang Zhen , Shadrach Bonnie L. , Chen Yanwen , Li Chunbiao , Veigl Martina L. , Barnholtz-Sloan Jill S. , Pai Rish K. , Church James M. , Kalady Matthew F. , Walsh R. Matthew , Burke Carol A. 
Published: June 2019

OBJECTIVES:
Duodenal cancer in familial adenomatous polyposis (FAP) arises from adenomas. Differentially expressed genes (DEGs) in the duodenal adenoma-carcinoma pathway have been identified in murine FAP models, but similar data in patients with FAP are limited. Identifying such changes may have significance in understanding duodenal polyposis therapies and identifying cancer biomarkers. We performed a genome-wide transcriptional analysis to describe the duodenal adenoma-carcinoma sequence and determine changes distinguishing patients with FAP with and without duodenal cancer.

METHODS:
Transcriptional profiling was performed with the Affymetrix Human Transcriptome Array 2.0 on duodenal biopsies from 12 FAP patients with duodenal cancer (FAP cases) and 12 FAP patients without cancer (FAP controls). DEGs were compared between cancer-normal, adenoma-normal, and cancer-adenoma in FAP cases and between adenomas from FAP cases and FAP controls. Significant results at P < 0.05 were filtered using fold change > 2.

RESULTS:
Two hundred twenty-four DEGs were identified at an absolute fold change > 2. In adenoma-normal, downregulation of DEGs involved in metabolism of brush border proteins (LCT), lipids (APOB/A4), reactive oxygen species (GSTA2), and retinol (RBP2) was observed. In the cancer-adenoma comparison, upregulation of DEGs involved in cell invasion/migration (POSTN, SPP1) and downregulation of DEGs involved in Paneth differentiation (DEFA5/6) were observed. In the adenoma-adenoma comparison, downregulation of several DEGs (CLCA1, ADH1C, ANXA10) in FAP case adenomas was observed. DEGs with therapeutic potential include SPP1, which is involved in both cyclooxygenase and epidermal growth factor receptor pathways targeted by the sulindac/erlotinib combination for duodenal polyposis.

DISCUSSION:
We describe DEGs in the human duodenal adenoma-carcinoma sequence in FAP, which may have prognostic and therapeutic significance. Validation studies are needed to confirm these findings.
REKONSTRUKSI BUDAYA HUKUM DALAM MENANGGULANGI CAROK DI MASYARAKAT MADURA BERDASAR NILAI-NILAI PANCASILA SEBAGAI SARANA POLITIK KRIMINAL
Authors: Djatmiko W.P. 
Published: June 2019

Tulisan ini mencoba mengungkap carok sebagai solusi alternatif untuk menyelesaikan masalah yang terkait dengan penghinaan terhadap kehormatan dan harga diri manusia, istri, agama, dan perselisihan atas tanah dan sumber daya alam di Madura. Meskipun ada banyak upaya untuk mengatasi keadilan main hakim sendiri ini, pada kenyataannya, tindakan ini tetap ada sampai sekarang. Oleh karena itu, gagasan untuk merekonstruksi budaya hukum beberapa orang Madura berdasarkan nilai-nilai Pancasila untuk menyelesaikan carok diharapkan mengubah situasi. Ada tiga (3) masalah penting yang dibahas, yaitu: (1) Mengapa beberapa orang Madura memilih carok sebagai solusi alternatif? (2) Apa persepsi sebagian orang Madura tentang penghinaan terhadap kehormatan dan harga diri manusia, istri, agama, dan perselisihan sumber daya alam sehingga mereka memilih carok sebagai solusi alternatif untuk menyelesaikan masalah? (3) Bagaimana merekonstruksi budaya hukum untuk mengatasi carok di Madura berdasarkan nilai-nilai Pancasila sebagai alat kebijakan kriminal? Untuk menjawab tiga masalah penelitian di atas, peneliti menggunakan metode penelitian kualitatif naturalistik dengan pendekatan socio-legal. Studi ini menyimpulkan bahwa carok adalah norma sosial yang mendapatkan dukungan sosial untuk menyelesaikan konflik bagi sebagian orang Madura. Selain itu, ini juga merupakan perwujudan keadilan, pilihan rasional dan budaya hukum beberapa orang Madura. Konstruksi budaya hukum Madura dicapai dengan (i) Memanfaatkan peran orang tua, kiyai, dan elit lokal untuk mengatasi carok; (ii) Menggunakan budaya musyawarah melalui pengajaran informal tentang hukum dan agama; (iii) Mempengaruhi pandangan orang bahwa keadilan main hakim sendiri sebenarnya adalah budaya hukum yang salah; (iv) Membangun kesadaran hukum dengan mengaktualisasikan Pancasila; dan (v) Berfungsinya Lembaga Musyawarah Adat (LMA) atau sistem peradilan informal untuk mengatasi masalah a quo.
Induksi mutasi kedelai (Glycine max (L.) Merrill) dengan sodium azida pada tanah salin
Authors: Fajriyah Nurul , Karno Karno , Kusmiyati Florentina 
Published: June 2019

ABSTRACT Mutation is one of plant breeding ways to expand genetic diversity. The purpose of the research was to evaluate the effect of sodium azide mutagen on soybean variety Dering 1 at saline and non-saline soil. The research was arranged in Factorial Design based on Completely Randomized Design with 2 factors. The first factor was doses of Sodium Azide consisted of 0 mM, 0.05 mM, 0.1 mM, 0.2 mM, dan 0.4 mM, 0.8 mM, 1.6 mM, 3.2 mM, 6.4 mM, 12.8 mM, and 25.6 mM. The second factor was salinity levels consisted of 0 dS/m, 2 dS/m and 5 dS/m. Parameters measured were plant height, number of leaves, number of pods, weight of pod, number of seeds, and weight of seeds per plant on M1 generation. Result showed that lethal dosage (LD) 50 was obtained at 0,663 mM. Sodium azide mutagent caused diversity of plant height, number of leaves at saline and non-saline soil. There was 10 plants and 3 plants that was classified as tolerant and most tolerant at saline soil (2 dS/m) respectively. Keywords : soybean, sodium azide, saline soil ABSTRAK Mutasi adalah salah satu cara pemuliaan tanaman untuk memperluas kergaman genetik. Tujuan penelitian untuk mengevaluasi pengaruh mutagen sodium azida terhadap kedelai varietas Dering 1 pada tanah salin dan non-salin. Rancangan percobaan yang digunakan di greenhouse adalah Percobaan Faktorial dengan dasar Rancangan Acak Lengkap yang terdiri dari 2 faktor. Faktor pertama adalah dosis mutagen kimia Sodium Azide (SA) yang terdiri dari 11 taraf perlakuan yaitu 0 mM, 0,05 mM, 0,1 mM, 0,2 mM, dan 0,4 mM, 0,8 mM, 1,6 mM, 3,2 mM, 6,4 mM, 12,8 mM, 25,6 mM. Faktor kedua adalah tingkat salinitas yaitu 0 dS/m, 2 dS/m dan 5 dS/m. Parameter yang diamati adalah tinggi tanaman, jumlah daun, jumlah polong, berat polong, jumlah biji, dan berat biji per tanaman pada generasi M1. Hasil penlitian menunjukkan bahwa dosis letal median (LD50) diperoleh pada 0,663 mM. Mutagen sodium azida menyebabkan keragaman tinggi tanaman, jumlah daun pada tanah salin dan non-salin. Terdapat 10 tanaman dan 3 tanaman yang masing-masing tergolong tahan dan sangat tahan pada tanah salin (2 dS/m). Kata kunci : kedelai, sodium azida, tanah salin
Respon tanaman anggrek (Dendrobium sp.) terhadap pemberian paklobutrazol dan jenis naungan yang berbeda
Authors: Hidayah Sari Noor , Karno Karno , Kusmiyati Florentina 
Published: June 2019

ABSTRAK Penelitian bertujuan untuk mengkaji jenis naungan yang sesuai dan sasaran pemberian paklobutrazol yang tepat untuk pertumbuhan serta pembungaan anggrek Dendrobium sp. Penelitian menggunakan Pooled Design dengan perlakuan naungan : N1 (naungan 30%), N2 (naungan 50%), N3 (naungan 70%), serta cara pengaplikasian paklobutrazol : P0 (kontrol), P1 (disemprotkan pada akar), P2 (disemprotkan pada daun), P3 (disemprotkan pada akar dan daun), diulang sebanyak 3 kali. Parameter yang diamati meliputi tinggi tanaman, diameter batang, klorofil total, dan waktu inisiasi bunga anggrek. Data dianalisis ragam dan uji lanjut dengan BNT pada taraf α = 5%. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa naungan 50% berpengaruh pada tinggi tanaman (26,97 cm) dan diameter batang (1,57 cm), naungan 70% juga berpengaruh terhadap tinggi tanaman anggrek (29,30 cm) dan klorofil total (0,55 mg/g). Paklobutrazol tidak memiliki pengaruh terhadap tinggi tanaman dan diameter batang. Paklobutrazol hanya berpengaruh terhadap kandungan klorofil total. Interaksi antara perlakuan naungan 70% dan pemberian paklobutrazol pada daun, menunjukkan kadar klorofil tertingi sebesar 0,71 mg/g. Faktor pemberian naungan dan paklobutrazol tidak mempengaruhi pembungaan anggrek, tapi inisiasi bunga mulai terlihat di beberapa tanaman. Waktu inisiasi bunga terjadi saat hari ke 71 – 126 setelah perlakuan. Semua inisiasi bunga tidak dapat berkembang menjadi rangkaian bunga. Kata kunci: anggrek, paklobutrazol, naungan, pertumbuhan, pembungaan. ABSTRACT The research aimed to examine the appropriate shade types and target of paclobutrazol giving for growth and flowering of Dendrobium sp. The research used Pooled Design with shade treatment: N1 (30% shade), N2 (50% shade), N3 (70% shade), treatment of paclobutrazol application: P0 (control), P1 (sprayed on roots), P2 (sprayed on leaf), P3 (sprayed on roots and leaf), replicated three times. Parameters measured were plant height, stem diameter, total chlorophyll, and the initiation time of orchid flowers. Data analyzed with anova and followed by LSD at α = 5%. The results showed that 50% shade affect plant height (26.97 cm) and stem diameter (1.57 cm), the 70% shade also affect plant height (29.30 cm) and total chlorophyll (0.55 mg/g). Paclobutrazol has no effect on plant height and stem diameter. Paclobutrazol only affect the total chlorophyll content. The interaction between the shade treatment of 70% and the application of paclobutrazol in leaves, showed the highest total chlorophyll content of 0.71 mg/g. Shading and paclobutrazol factors do not affect the flowering of orchids, but the flower initiation begins to be seen in some plants. The initiation time of flower occurs at days 71 to 126 after treatment. All flowers initiation didn’t develop into a flower arrangement. Keyword: orchid, shade, paclobutrazol, growth, flowering
Aplikasi beberapa jenis pupuk organik cair terhadap pertumbuhan dan produksi tanaman cabai rawit (Capsicum frutescens l.)
Authors: Fitriningtyas Asri Nur , Sutarno Sutarno , Fuskhah Eny 
Published: June 2019

ABSTRAK Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui jenis pupuk organik cair dan interval waktu pemberian yang tepat guna mendapatkan hasil pertumbuhan dan produksi tanaman cabai rawit yang baik. Penelitian menggunakan rancangan acak lengkap pola faktorial 4x3 dengan faktor pertama jenis pupuk P1: Urin kelinci, P2: Urin sapi, P3: Bio extrim, P4: Biofarm dan faktor kedua interval waktu pemberian pupuk T1: 5 hari sekali, T2: 10 hari sekali, T3: 15 hari sekali. Masing-masing perlakuan diulang sebanyak 3 kali. Analisis data yang digunakan yaitu analisis ragam (ANOVA) dan dilanjut dengan uji Duncan’s Multiple Range Test (DMRT)taraf 5%. Parameter yang diamati adalah tinggi tanaman, jumlah daun, jumlah buah per tanaman, dan berat buah per tanaman. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa pupuk Bio extrim memberikan hasil tertinggi pada semua parameter dan diikuti oleh pupuk urin kelinci. Interval waktu pemberian pupuk 5 hari sekali dapat meningkatkan tinggi tanaman cabai rawit. Kata kunci: cabai rawit, pupuk organik cair, interval waktu pemberian ABSTRACT This research aims to determine the suitable type of liquidorganic fertilizers and the corrected application to maximize the growth and productions of cayenne pepper.This experiment used a completely randomized factorial design 4x3 with 3 replications. The first factor was the types of fertilizers P1: Rabbit urine, P2: Cow urine, P3: Bio extrim, P4: Biofarm and the second factor was the interval of fertilizer application T1: 5 days, T2: 10 days, T3: 15 days. The data analysis used analysis of variance (ANOVA) and continued with Duncan’s Multiple Range Test (DMRT) of 5%. The parameters of the observation were the height of plants, number of leaves, number of fruits, and weight of fruit per plant. The result shows that Bio extrim gave the highest result in all parameters and than followed by rabbit urine. The interval of 5 days fertilizer gave the best result on the parameters of plant’s height. Keywords: cayenne pepper, organic liquid fertilizer, interval of fertilizeraplication