bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Inhibitory Effect ofBacillus velezensison Biofilm Formation byStreptococcus mutans
Authors: Yoo Yesol , Seo Dong-Ho , Lee Hyunjin , Nam Young-Do , Seo Myung-Ji 
Published: May 2018

ABSTRACTStreptococcus mutansplays a key role in the development of dental caries and promotes the formation of oral biofilm produced by glucosyltransferases (GTFs).Bacillus velezensisK68 was isolated from traditional fermented foods and inhibits biofilm formation mediated byS. mutans. Gene amplification results demonstrated thatB. velezensisK68 contained genes for the biosynthesis of 1-deoxynojirimycin (1-DNJ), a known GTF expression inhibitor. The presence of the GabT1, Yktc1, and GutB1 genes required for 1-DNJ synthesis inB. velezensisK68 was confirmed. Supernatant fromB. velezensisK68 culture medium inhibited biofilm formation by 84% whenS. mutanswas cultured for 48 h, and inhibited it maximally when 1% glucose was added to theS. mutansculture medium as a GTF substrate. In addition, supernatant fromB. velezensisK68 medium containing 3 ppb 1- DNJ decreasedS. mutanscell surface hydrophobicity by 79.0 ± 0.8% compared with that of untreated control. The supernatant containing 1-DNJ decreasedS. mutansadherence by 99.97% and 98.83% under sugar-dependent and sugar-independent conditions, respectively.S. mutanstreated with the supernatant exhibited significantly reduced expression of the essential GTF genesgtfB,gtfC,andgtfDcompared to that in the untreated group. Thus,B. velezensisinhibits the biofilm formation, adhesion, and GTF gene expression ofS. mutansthrough 1- DNJ production.IMPORTANCEDental caries is among the most common infectious diseases worldwide, and its development is closely associated with physiological factors of bacteria, such as the biofilm formation and glucosyltransferase production ofStreptococcus mutans.Biofilms are difficult to remove once they have formed due to the exopolysaccharide matrix produced by the microorganisms residing in them; thus, inhibiting biofilm formation is a current focal point of research into prevention of dental caries. This study describes the inhibitory properties ofBacillus velezensisK68, an organism isolated from traditional Korean fermented foods, against biofilm formation byS. mutans. Herein, we show thatB. velezensisinhibits the biofilm formation, adherence to surfaces, and glucosyltransferase production ofS. mutans.
The Doublesex sex determination pathway regulates reproductive division of labor in honey bees
Authors: Velasque Mariana , Qiu Lijun , Mikheyev Alexander S. 
Published: May 2018

AbstractEusociality, the ultimate level of social organization, requires reproductive division of labor, and a sophisticated system of communication to maintain societal homeostasis. Reproductive division of labor is maintained by physiological differences between reproductive and sterile castes, typically dictated by pheromonal queen fertility signals that suppress worker reproduction. Intriguingly, reproduction and pheromonal signalling share regulatory machinery across insects.The gene Doublesex (Dsx) controls somatic sex determination and differentiation, including the development of ovaries and secondary sexual characteristics, such as pheromonal signalling. We hypothesized that this regulatory network was co-opted during eusocial evolution to regulate reproductive division of labor. Taking advantage of the breakdown in reproductive division of labor that occurs in honey bees when workers commence to lay eggs in the absence of a queen, we knocked down Dsx to observe effects on ovary development and fertility signal production. As expected, treated workers had lower levels of egg yolk protein, for which Dsx is a cis-regulatory enhancer in other insects, and greatly reduced ovary development. Also as expected, while control workers increased their levels of pheromonal fertility signals, treated workers did not, confirming the role of Dsx in regulating pheromone biosynthesis. We further found that Dsx is part of a large network enriched for regulatory proteins, which is also involved during early larval development, and upregulated in queen-destined larvae. Thus, the ancient developmental framework controlling sex specification and reproduction in solitary insects has been exapted for eusociality, forming the basis for reproductive division of labor and pheromonal signalling pathways.Significance statementComplex social insect societies rely on division of reproductive labor among their members. Reproductive individuals (‘queens’) suppress ‘worker’ reproduction using pheromonal fertility signalling. We show that an ancient regulatory network that controls specification of sex and secondary sexual characteristics in solitary insects, has been co-opted for both both pheromonal signalling and ovary inactivation in honey bees. In addition, this network is also active during caste specification that takes place during the first few days of larval life. These results show that pheromonal signalling and ovary development share a common regulatory framework, potentially explaining why fertility signalling is ‘honest.’ Furthermore, they show that higher levels of biological complexity can arise by rewiring and elaborating ancestral gene regulatory networks.
A miRNA screen identifies a transcriptional program controlling the fate of adult stem cell
Authors: Robert Jacques , Vlachavas Efstathios , Lemaître Gilles , Chatziioannou Aristotelis , Puceat Michel , Delom Frederic , Fessart Delphine 
Published: May 2018

AbstractThe 3D cultures provide more insight into cell-to-cell and cell-to-matrix interactions, better mimicking the environment where stem cells reside compared to traditional 2D cultures. Although the precise molecular pathways involved in the regulation of stem and progenitor cell fate remain unknown, it is widely accepted that transcription factors play a crucial role as intrinsic regulators in these fate decisions.In this study, we carried out a microRNA screen to track the behaviour of adult stem/progenitor cells derived from human mammary epithelial cells grown in 3D cultures. We identified miR-106a-3p, which enriches the adult stem cell-like lineage and promotes the expansion of 3D cultures. Transcriptomic analysis showed that this miRNA regulates transcription factors such as REST, CBFB, NF-YA, and GATA3, thereby enhancing the maintenance of adult stem/progenitor cells in human epithelial cells. These data reveal a clear transcriptional program that governs the maintenance of adult stem/progenitor cells and controls their fate.
Movement responses to environment: fast inference of variation among southern elephant seals with a mixed effects model
Authors: Jonsen I. D. , McMahon C. R. , Patterson T. A. , Auger-Méthé M. , Harcourt R. , Hindell M. A. , Bestley S. 
Published: May 2018

AbstractLike many species, movement patterns of southern elephant seals (Mirounga leonina) are being influenced by long-term environmental change. These seals migrate up to 4000 km from their breeding colonies, foraging for months in a variety of Southern Ocean habitats. Understanding how movement patterns vary with environmental features and how these relationships differ among individuals employing different foraging strategies can provide insight into foraging performance at a population level. We apply new fast-estimation tools to fit mixed effects within a random walk movement model, rapidly inferring among-individual variability in southern elephant seal environment-movement relationships. We found that seals making foraging trips to the sea-ice on or near the Antarctic continental shelf consistently reduced speed and directionality (move persistence) with increasing sea ice coverage and had variable responses to chlorophyllaconcentration, whereas seals that foraged pelagically reduced move persistence in regions where circumpolar deep water shoaled. Given future climate scenarios, pelagic foragers may encounter more productive habitat but sea-ice foragers may see reduced habitat availability. Our approach is scalable to large telemetry data sets and allows flexible combinations of mixed effects to be evaluated via model selection, thereby illuminating the ecological context of animal movements that underlie habitat use.
dirHub: a trackHub configurator with directory structure projection
Authors: Kawaji Hideya 
Published: May 2018

AbstractSummaryTrack Data Hub is a mechanism enabling us to visualize genomics data as tracks along genome coordinates and share them over the Internet, relying on a web server hosting data files and genome browsers offering graphical representations. It requires an accessible configuration file specifying all graphical parameters and track hierarchy, in addition to the data files. Here dirHub is developed to assist generation of the configuration file by projection of a file directory structure, which makes it possible to set up trackHub visualization mostly by file operations.Availability and implementationIt is implemented in ruby and the source code is available at https://github.com/hkawaji/dirHub/. It is tested on the UCSC Genome Browser and the Hub Track Database Definition (v2).
Scarless repair of acute and chronic kidney injury in African Spiny mice (Acomys cahirinus)
Authors: Okamura Daryl M. , Brewer Chris M. , Wakenight Paul , Bahrami Nadia , Bernardi Kristina , Tran Amy , Olson Jill , Shi Xiaogang , Piliponsky Adrian M. , Nelson Branden R. , Beier David R. , Millen Kathleen J. , Majesky Mark W. 
Published: May 2018

SummarySolid organ fibrosis is a major burden on global health and medical care costs. Muroid rodents of the genus Acomys (African Spiny mice) are terrestrial mammals that evolved remarkable abilities to regenerate severe skin wounds without scar formation. However, whether scar-free wound repair in Acomys extends beyond skin to vital internal organs is not known. Here, we used two aggressive kidney injury models known to produce severe renal fibrosis and show that despite equivalent acute kidney injury, there was rapid restoration of nephron structure and function without fibrosis in Acomys compared to extensive fibrosis leading to renal failure in Mus musculus. These results suggest Acomys species have evolved genomic adaptations for wound healing that activate regenerative repair pathways not only in skin, but also in vital internal organs. Our findings have important implications for discovering a long-sought evolutionary solution to internal organ injury and regeneration.
Targeted substrate degradation by Kelch controls the actin cytoskeleton during ring canal expansion
Authors: Hudson Andrew M. , Mannix Katelynn M. , Gerdes Julianne A. , Kottemann Molly C. , Cooley Lynn 
Published: May 2018

AbstractDuring Drosophila oogenesis, specialized actin-based structures called ring canals form and expand to accommodate growth of the oocyte. Previous work demonstrated that Kelch and Cullin 3 function together in a Cullin 3-RING ubiquitin ligase complex (CRL3Kelch) to organize the ring canal cytoskeleton, presumably by targeting a substrate for proteolysis. Here, we use tandem affinity purification followed by mass spectrometry to identify HtsRC as the CRL3Kelchring canal substrate. CRISPR-mediated mutagenesis of HtsRC revealed its requirement in the recruitment of the ring canal F-actin cytoskeleton. We present genetic evidence consistent with HtsRC being the CRL3Kelchsubstrate, as well as biochemical evidence indicating that HtsRC is ubiquitylated and degraded by the proteasome. Finally, we identify a short sequence motif in HtsRC that is necessary for Kelch binding. These findings uncover an unusual mechanism during development wherein a specialized cytoskeletal structure is regulated and remodeled by the ubiquitin-proteasome system.
Multisemiotic interaction: the CEO and stakeholders in Malaysian CEO Statements
Authors: Rajandran Kumaran 
Published: May 2018

Purpose
The purpose of this paper is to explore how Malaysian CEO Statements employ language and image to convey interaction between the CEO and stakeholders.

Design/methodology/approach
The paper examines an archive of 32 Malaysian CEO Statements. The archive is analyzed with Systemic Functional Multimodal Discourse Analysis (SF-MDA), where several interpersonal systems can establish how language and image features articulate interaction. The analysis identifies who the stakeholders are, and how these stakeholders and the CEO interact.

Findings
There are four stakeholders, who are the community, customer, employee and environment, and these stakeholders are sub-categorized by type or activity. The stakeholders and the CEO share multisemiotic interaction through contact, reaction and equality. These three strategies mimic a face-to-face conversation (contact) and the CEO is depicted to reveal some positive emotions (reaction) to social equals (equality). These strategies reflect synthetic personalization, through which the CEO and stakeholders seem to interact because the CEO speaks directly to stakeholders in friendly conversation about CSR. CEO Statements are part of the quest for social legitimacy and designate corporations as agents of positive social change. Their ideology can be stated as a general principle: corporation A recognizes problem B and proposes solution C, which has positive result D for stakeholder E.

Originality/value
Previous research has not emphasized interaction in CEO Statements. The paper also utilized SF-MDA, which may enhance the discursive competence or a systematic way to decipher language and image for people who practice or teach corporate communication.
Scaffolding multimodality: writing process, collaboration and digital tools
Authors: Howell Emily 
Published: May 2018

PurposeThis study was conducted in ninth- and tenth-grade classrooms with the goal of studying effective scaffolding for improving argumentative writing, both conventional and digital/multimodal.Design/methodology/approachThe author conducted a formative experiment in two high-school classrooms to study ways teachers integrated forms of multimodal composition in their classrooms and provided associated scaffolding.FindingsFindings regarding scaffolding included the embedding of scaffolding in the writing process to blend conventional and digital forms, the use of collaboration as a needed, though resisted, part of this scaffolding, and the consideration of digital tools that mediate students’ argumentative writing.Originality/valueThis study explored the implementation of a multimodal literacies intervention, providing empirical findings to a field that has remained largely theoretical.
(Re)conceptualizing digital literacies before and after the election of Trump
Authors: Sulzer Mark A. 
Published: May 2018

PurposeAs part of a larger global phenomenon, the election of Donald Trump in the USA represents a crucial moment for the (re)conceptualization of digital literacies. The purpose of this paper is to build theory with respect to what this moment means for English education.Design/methodology/approachThis teacher reflection focuses on what digital literacies meant for my teaching before and after the 2016 election. Using a before-and-after format, I argue that thebeforeconceptualization of digital literacies, while still relevant and useful for introducing many important ideas to English educators, was missing a direct treatment of political power. Theafterconceptualization takes up this topic.FindingsThemes taken up in thebeforesection involve a parallel between digital literacies and disciplinary literacies and a distinction between Web 1.0 and Web 2.0 interfaces. Themes in theaftersection address the propensity for governments and other well-resourced groups to occupy Web 2.0 environments for their own ends. Methods for accomplishing these ends involve restricting, surveilling and targeting flows of information and enacting three populist practices via internet trolling: aggregating the unmet demands of disparate groups, establishing popular subjectivity and dichotomizing the social space through the persistent construction of the enemy.Research limitations/implicationsA critically conscious approach to digital literacies must consider the ways in which political entities occupy digital environments.Practical implicationsFurther research should be done in English education classrooms to understand the ways in which individual online meaning making becomes entangled within a nexus of political activity. Further research should investigate how online meaning making intersects with political power.Originality/valueThe role of political entities is often downplayed or ignored in discussions of digital literacies. In an age of alternative facts, fake news and echo chambers, it is important to foreground the interplay between the social, the political and the digital in contemporary meaning making. This contribution offers concepts that can be taken up and expanded, as well as a set of questions for English educators to use in framing a critically conscious conversation about digital literacies.
New approach to segmenting tourists in a German wine region
Authors: Szolnoki Gergely 
Published: May 2018

PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to use a new segmentation approach based on objective variables to calculate direct tourism-related sales volume and revenue by selling wine at a winery in the Rheingau region of Germany.Design/methodology/approachIn the framework of a 2015 face-to-face survey in the Rheingau, 1,555 tourists were interviewed. For segmentation, two-step clustering was applied to classify survey participants into homogeneous groups. To calculate tourism-related wine sales volume and revenue, a special model based on official statistics and the survey’s results was used.FindingsFour wine-tourist segments were identified by using cluster analysis with objective variables, such as nationality, visiting frequency and volume of wine purchased in the region: wine and Rheingau lovers who have a high interest in wine, wine-oriented tourists who do not come to the region very often, first-time tourists who came to the region mainly because of the nature and history and international tourists. With the help of calculations on tourism-related wine sales volume and revenue, it can be stated that approximately 18 per cent of total wine production will be purchased directly in the region by tourists, valued at €36m.Originality/valueThis paper contributes to existing wine-tourism research because a multi-dimensional segmentation model was applied using objective variables, such as nationality, visiting frequency and volume of wine purchased in the region. Using the calculation of tourism-related sales volume and revenue, winemakers in the Rheingau can gain a clear picture of tourism’s importance.
Financial productivity issues of offshore and “Made-in-USA” through reshoring
Authors: Yu Ui-Jeen , Kim Ji-Hyun 
Published: May 2018

Purpose
The purpose of this paper is to examine merchandise performance-based financial productivity of offshore vs reshore sourcing scenarios for fashion/seasonal products with higher demand uncertainty, using computer simulation software.

Design/methodology/approach
Using Sourcing SimulatorTM, the researchers generated a data set of 530 simulations concerning merchandising performance measures for offshore and reshore sourcing scenarios. Analysis of covariance was conducted for data analysis.

Findings
Results show financial productivity differs, depending on a sourcing decision between offshore and reshore sourcing scenarios as well as on the levels of volume error and assortment error. The reshore sourcing scenario through “Made-in-USA” domestic production strategy can have a better profitability, including gross margin return on inventory with service level, in cases of under-volume error and over-assortment error, than the offshore sourcing scenario.

Research limitations/implications
Findings from this study are based on simulation data, which may have a gap between simulations and reality concerning the competitive advantages of “Made-in-USA” domestic production strategy. “Made-in-USA” domestic production strategy can be more agile and responsive to the uncertainty of markets and customer demands when the supply chain systems are well-integrated and fully implemented.

Originality/value
Results from this study contribute to fill the literature gap about differences of financial productivity between offshore and reshore sourcing scenarios for apparel manufacturers and retailers. This study also offers an insight of which decision response may be better to uncertain customer demands, while satisfying financial productivity.
Exploring individual differences in the relationship between entrepreneurial self-efficacy and intentions
Authors: Crespo Nuno Fernandes , Belchior Ricardo , Costa Edivaldo Bartolomeu 
Published: May 2018

Purpose
The purpose of this paper is to explore the most common individual entrepreneurial self-efficacy (ESE) beliefs profiles associated with high entrepreneurial intentions (EI) and how these differ when belonging to an entrepreneurial venture team (EVTeam).

Design/methodology/approach
After a general test of the ESE theory using a structural equations modeling, fuzzy-set qualitative comparative analysis (fsQCA) is used, on a multi-dimensional ESE scale, to find empirical evidence supporting the existence of different individual ESE profiles, equally associated with high EI individuals. Dividing the sample based on the existence or not of an EVTeam (EVTeam), differences for each group are identified and possible implications are discussed.

Findings
This research corroborates ESE as an important antecedent of EI and, from a more in-depth analysis, it also suggests that the highest levels of EI are compatible with different ESE profiles, some of which may be related to having established an EVTeam, or not.

Research limitations/implications
These findings may be useful for entrepreneurs and educators to reflect upon the needed competencies for an EVTeam and the research design might also be useful for policy makers to identify cultural, educational, and institutional shortcomings of the entrepreneurial context. A greater focus should be placed in developing ESE of potential entrepreneurs for the specific entrepreneurial activities for which the lack of perceived capabilities hinders entrepreneurial behavior and success.

Practical implications
This research may be useful for entrepreneurs and educators to reflect upon the needed competencies for an EVTeam. The research design might also be useful for policy makers to identify cultural, educational, and institutional shortcomings of the entrepreneurial context.

Originality/value
This research tests ESE theory in Angola – a country from the African continent from which there is limited empirical evidence – and by exploring the existence of different ESE profiles, with a method that allows for conjunctural causation, new insights and empirical support for future research are provided relative to the complex ESE-EI relationship.