bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
PENGELOLAAN SUMBER DAYA MANUSIA LABORATORIUM KLINIK
Authors: Noormartany Noormartany 
Published: October 2018

Clinical laboratories should have higher competitiveness and healthiness to be survived in the globalization era. The very basic assets are vision, mission, and objectives which are agreed upon them. To establish these objectives are required the availability of the human resources which can perform professionally. They can serve efficiently and effectively due to their increasing professionalism. This happened by a continuing enhanced development of the human resources. The only way to achieve this objective is by effecting the Total Quality Management which emphasizes the personal development through an objective appraisal system
UJI DIAGNOSTIK NT pro NATRIURETIC PEPTIDE (NTpro BNP) GAGAL JANTUNG KONGESTIF
Authors: Pratiwi Dewi Indah Noviana , Suwarso Suwarso , Sianipar Osman 
Published: October 2018

Congestive Heart Failure (CHF) is a syndrome associated with disturbances of heart structure and function, as a result of various cardiovascular diseases. These disturbances decrease ventricle ability to pump or fill blood in physiological pressure, which causes limitation on the ability to excercise or daily activities without dyspnea and fatigue.Early diagnosis is important to initiate prompt treatment that can prevent further disease development. To measure heart hormone in this case, NT pro Natriuretic Peptide (NT pro BNP) can be use as a more ideal examination for early detection of CHF. The aim of this study is to investigate the clinical performance of NT pro BNP and assess the cut-off point 125 pg/mL compared to clinic (Framingham criteria) and or echocardiogram in the diagnosis CHF.The diagnostic test was carried out using clinical (Framingham criteria) and or echocardiography as reference methods. The subject of this research was patients with cardiac and blood vessel disorders complaints at risk of developing congestive heart failure, who came to the Emergency Department at Dr. Sardjito Hospital Yogyakarta, supported by clinical data, radiology, other laboratory test, electrocardiography and echocardiography. The diagnosis of CHF was obtained by conducting investigation toward echocardiography examination reading in patient's medical record. Receiver Operating Characteristics (ROC) curve analysis was conducted using SPSS 13.0 program. Sensitivity, specificity, positive and negative predictive value, accuracy and likelihood ratios were measured with 2x2 table by CAT marker program. Forty-six of fifty-seven specimens were from congestive heart failure (CHF). At 125 pg/mL as a cut-off point, regardless the interval between the onset of the symptoms and taking of blood samples, the sensitivity, specificity, positive and negative predictive value and diagnostic accuracy are 96%, 36%, 86%, 67%, 84% respectively. Likelihood ratios for positive and negative results are 1.50 and 0.12. NT pro BNP measuring is expected to give more benefit than the conventional signal, so that an early diagnosis can be achieved accurately in a timely manner.
PEMERIKSAAN PROTHROMBIN TIME DAN ACTIVATED PARTIAL THROMBOPLASTIN TIME DENGAN HUMACLOT VA SERTA SYSMEX CA 500
Authors: Misnah Misnah , Abdullah Agus Alim , Arif Mansyur , Bahar Burhanuddin 
Published: October 2018

Prothrombin Time (PT) and an activated Partial Thromboplastin Time (aPTT) are routine coagulation tests used for pre-operative screening. The analytical step as one of the laboratory test's stage that plays the role in the determination of the test is influenced by several factors, one of them is choosing its proper devices. The aim of this study was to know the correlation of the PT and aPTT test's result using Humaclot VA and Sysmex CA 500 devices. A cross sectional study has been done at the Clinical Pathology Laboratory of Wahidin Sudirohusodo Hospital Makassar started from May 2009 until June 2009. The data were analyzed with T and Pearson's Correlation test. From the 50 samples were obtained the percentage of the corresponding frequency of the PT results between Humaclot VA and Sysmex CA 500 about 84%, whereas the frequency of the corresponding results aPPT between Humaclot VA and Sysmex CA 500 is 76%, the Pearson correlation test for PT=0.58, and aPTT=0.38. There were found the suitability of PT, aPTT of Humaclot VA with CA 500 and both tools have a positive correlation.
CRYPTOSPORIDIOSIS PARU DI HIV DAN AIDS
Authors: Hutagalung JS. , Prasetyo R. Heru , Triyono Erwin Astha 
Published: October 2018

Although the prevalence of intestinal cryptosporidiosis in Indonesian HIV and AIDS patients were high, however the prevalence of pulmonary cryptosporidiosis have not been previously reported. The objective of this study was to know the determination of the pulmonary cryptosporidiosis prevalence in HIV and AIDS patients with pulmonary symptom that was treated in Dr. Soetomo General Hospital Surabaya. The detection of Cryptosporidium in sputum samples used modified versien acid fast stain of Ziehl Neelsen technique. In this study was found that three (3) of the eight (8) sputum samples (37.5%) of â‰¥55 years old and CD4â‰¤70 HIV and AIDS patients were Cryptosporidium positive. Based on this study the HIV and AIDS patients with pulmonary symptoms should be suspect having the possibility of pulmonary cryptosporidiosis beside suffered tuberculosis.
DISTRIBUSI SEROTIPE DENGUE DI SURABAYA TAHUN 2012
Authors: Aryati Aryati , Wardhani Puspa , Yohan Benediktus , Aksono H Eduardus Bimo , Sasmono R. Tedjo 
Published: October 2018

The characteristics of epidemic dengue often presented as periods of hyperendemicity or as the co-circulation of multiple dengue serotypes. Surabaya is an endemic city for Dengue virus (DENV) transmission. Previous study of DENV distribution in 2008-2009 revealed the predominance of DENV-2. DENV serotypes distribution is known to be dynamic and serotype predominance may change through time. This study aims to determine and follow the circulation of DENV serotype in Surabaya in 2012. We recruited 154 denguesuspected patients attending Dr. Soetomo Hospital during February until August 2012. Dengue cases were confirmed by IgG and IgM serology tests and NS1 antigen detection. Serologically-positive samples were further analyzed using two-steps reverse transcriptasepolymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) and viruses were isolated by propagation in C6/36 mosquito cell line. Seventy one cases (46.1%) were detected as DENV positive infection. Serotyping revealed that 61 samples have monotypic infection with one of all four of DENV serotypes and 10 samples have mix-infections. Overall serotyping result observed the predominance of DENV-1 (60.56%). Our result revealed the circulation of all four serotypes of DENV and the presence of serotype exchange in Surabaya in 2012. Annual change of predominant serotype and the presence of multiple infections may play an important role in the transmission of dengue infection. This information is valuable to dengue surveillance in the region. Therefore, the laboratory diagnosis of DENV serotype should be routinely performed to follow the dynamic of dengue disease
KEPEKAAN ANTIMIKROBA KULTUR DARAH DI SEPSIS NEONATAL
Authors: Noor Tajuddin , Sennang Nurhayana , Rusli Benny 
Published: October 2018

Sepsis was one of the morbidity and mortality causes in neonatal. The diagnosis and treatment requires the bacterial identification and selection of sensitive antimicrobials. The aim of this study was to know the bacterial pattern and antimicrobial sensitivity of blood culture in the suspected neonatal sepsis patients who were treated at NICU in Dr.Wahidin Sudirohusodo Hospital Makassar. A retrospective study was conducted with secondary data from the culture and antimicrobial susceptibility test between the period of June 2010âˆ’July 2011. In this present study was found that from the total 91 blood culture isolates, bacteria Gram-negative group was 85.7% and Grampositive was 14.3% and the isolate encountered in order of frequency were Alkali genes faecalis 50.5%, Klebsiella pneumonia 25.3%, and Staphylococcus epidermidis 9.9%. In the Gram-negatives group, the isolate often encountered were Alkali genes faecalis 59.0%, Klebsiella pneumonia 29.4% and Enterobacter spp 6.4% while in the Gram-positive group were found Staphylococcus epidermidis 69.2% and Staphylococcus saprophytic 23.1%. The more sensitive antimicrobal that belong to Gram-negative group were Meropenem 94.4%, Levofloxacin 92.1%, and Ceftazidime 77.0% while the more resistant were Ampicillin 94.6%, Gentamycin 89.1% and Cefuroxime 82.7%. The more sensitive antimicrobal that belong to Gram-positive group were Vancomycin and Chloramphenicol 91.7% and Novobiosin 76.9% while the more resistant were Gentamycin and Ceftriaxone 100.0% and Amoxicillin 91.7%. Based on this study it can be concluded that Gram-negative aerobe bacteria was more common than the Gram-positive one. Meropenem, Levofloxacin and Ceftazidime antimicrobal were high sensitive to Gram-negative while Vancomycin, Chloramphenicol, and Novobiocin were high sensitive to Gram-positive. The resistance of Ampicillin and Gentamycin were found in both bacterially groups of sepsis suspected neonatal patients in NICU
KUNYIT PUTIH DAN BUAH MENGKUDU SEBAGAI HEPATOPROTEKTOR TERKAIT KARBON TETRAKLORIDA
Authors: Ma'at Suprapto 
Published: October 2018

Herbal remedies are prescribed for the treatment of various liver diseases including for Hepatoprotector purpose. The present study was aimed to investigate and to know the hepatoprotective activity of Curcuma zedoaria extract combined with Morinda citrifolia extract against carbon tetrachloride (CCl4) induced hepatotoxicity in rats. Liver functions were assessed by the determination of SGOT, SGPT, ALP, and bilirubin. The results of serum analysis suggest that the use of Curcuma zedoaria extract combined with Morinda citrifolia extract exhibited significant protective effect related to the hepatic damage in CCl4 induced hepatotoxicity model and further evidence of its hepatoprotective activity
MYCOBACTERIUM TUBERCULOSIS SISTEM IMUN ALAMIAH TERKAIT PENERIMANYA
Authors: Nugraha Jusak 
Published: October 2018

Various attemp to investigate immune response towards tuberculosis has been done in order to eradicate or to make vaccination against tuberculosis (TB) effectively. Recently it is known that innate immunity has an important role in immunity to TB despite adaptive immune response, because it was proved that adaptive immune response alone was not sufficient to eradicate this microorganism thoroughly and completely in patient's body. After Toll-Like Receptor (TLR) was found in the end of the 20th century, many progresses has been obtained in understanding about the activation of this innate immune response. But it is still needed to understand more deeply in the immune response to M. tuberculosis to lead the development of therapy or vaccination that bring into more precise target. The activation through TLR by parts of Mycobacterium induce cytoplasm protein adaptor MyD88 (Myeloid Differentiation factor 88). MyD88 has the function to activate NF- ÎºB and secrete pro-inflammatory cytokine such as TNF-Î±, IL-6, IL-12. Involvement of MyD88 is not solely dependent of TLR2 receptor and there are another pathways to induce protective function of immunocompetent cells in TB.
VOLUME PLASMA DAN FAKTOR VIII DALAM KRIOPRESIPITAT
Authors: Widyaningrum Dian , AP Purwanto , Setyati Julia 
Published: October 2018

Blood product such as cryoprecipitate required a quality control. This includes development, implementation and the standard operating procedures use of each step of the process in the production of cryoprecipitated substance to ensure that the produced product contains a minimum of 80 international units (IU) of factor VIII. Cryoprecipitation is prepared from fresh frozen plasma that thawed and centrifuge by immediate spinning the excess plasma which then removed and leaving approximately 40ml which deposit 10 mL cryoprecipitate. One unit of cryoprecipitate contain 70–80 IU/unit factor VIII, â‰¥100 mg/unit von Willebrand factor, fibrinogen 5–10 mg/dL. The levels of factor VIII and von Willebrand factor (VWF) lowered in individuals with blood group O compared to individuals groups with non-O blood. This research is aimed to investigate whether plasma volume are correlated with the levels of factor VIII in cryoprecipitation. In this study purposive sampling is done in which 25 bags of cryoprecipitate materials (was storage for 11 months) from all types of blood group which were taken from storage, thawed, weighed and the plasma volume measured. Factor VIII was measured by coagulometric method. The researcher used Spearman correlation test to analyze the product, with significance degree p<0.05 and confidence interval 95%. In this study it is found plasma volume which was not related to the factor VIII level in cryoprecipitattion substance (p=0.585). Mean plasma volume of the cryoprecipitated matter was 56 mL, mean factor VIII was 83.3UI. Highest factor VIII level was 160.6 UI of cryoprecipitated blood group AB and lowest factor VIII level was 21.3 UI of cryoprecipitated blood group A.
CYSTATIN C, HbA1c, DAN RASIO ALBUMIN KREATININ
Authors: Dewi Juliani 
Published: October 2018

Prevalence of type 2 diabetes mellitus and chronic kidney disease is increasing nowdays. Cystatin C is a more sensitive marker in detecting kidney disturbance at an early stage. Microalbuminuria indicates that there is an increasing risk in kidney disorders in diabetes mellitus patients. HbA1c is used to assess average blood glucose in three (3) months. An evaluation about the relation among Cystatin C, HbA1c, and ACR is needed to decide which test will be appropriate for the patient. Cystatin C was determined using Particleenhanced nephelometric immunoassay (PENIA) method from BN Prospec. High Performance Liquid Chromatography (HPLC) method from BioRad was used for HbA1c test, while random urine sample was used for Albumin Creatinine Ratio (ACR) test. Urine and serum creatinine were tested by immunoturbidimetric assay from Cobas C501. Correlation among Cystatin C, HbA1c, and ACR was estimated using Spearman's correlation test. There was a significant correlation among Cystatin, HbA1c, and ACR. Spearman correlation value showed a positive weak correlation. There was a strong relation between Cystatin C and HbA1c, but weak relations between Cystatin C and ACR, and between HbA1c and ACR. It can be concluded that due to the weak correlation between ACR and kidney function as well as between ACR and HbA1c, ACR is not a good assessment to predict diabetic nephropathy progressiveness.
NEONATAL ACUTE MYELOID LEUKAEMIA
Authors: Budi Luh Putu Rihayani , Ariawati Ketut , Herawati Sianny 
Published: October 2018

Acute myeloid leukaemia (AML) is a. malignant, clonally disease that involves proliferation of blasts in bone marrow, blood, or other tissue. The blasts most often show myeloid or monocytic differentiation. The incidence of AML increases with age, but when neonatal leukaemia does occur, it is paradoxically AML rather than ALL. All the signs and symptoms that present on patient with AML are caused by the infiltration of the bone marrow with leukaemic cells and resulting failure of normal haematopoiesis. Without the normal haematopoietic elements, the patient is at risk for developing life-threatening complications of anaemia, infection due to functional neutropenia, and haemorrhage due to thrombocytopenia. Organomegaly is seen in approximately half of patient with AML due to hepatic and sphlanic infiltration with leukaemic blasts. Prognosis of neonatal leukaemia is poor with the 6-month survival rate is only one third despite aggressive chemotherapy. It has higher mortality rate than any other congenital cancer. The researchers reported two of AML diagnosed cases in neonatal period. The first case, a one-day-old male was referred with respiratory distress and suspect Down syndrome with spontaneous petechiae. The second case, a 17-day-old female presented with bloody diarrhoea and history of hypothyroid. Dysmorphic face and hepatosplenomegalia were found in both of the physical examination. Their complete blood count revealed leukocytosis and thrombocytopenia. Peripheral blood smear revealed myeloblast 30% on the first case and 23% on the second case. Both immunophenotyping revealed the population of blast expressing myeloid lineage (CD33 and CD34).
LIMFOSIT T CD4+SEBAGAI PERAMAL PERJALANAN PENYAKIT PASIEN YANG MENGALAMI SEPSIS
Authors: Ekowati Lestari , Aryati Aryati , Hardiono Hardiono 
Published: October 2018

Sepsis is the most common cause of ICU mortality in USA. Mortality of sepsis in developing countries is still very high, about 50- 70% and has became a 80% incidence in septic shock. There was a decrease of CD4+ T lymphocyte count in patients with sepsis caused by apoptosis indicating septic patients suffered from immune functional impairment. CD4+ T lymphocyte count can reflect the severity of sepsis and predict the prognosis of the patients with sepsis effectively. Eighty eight (88) patients who met sepsis criteria were studied. The researchers collected clinical variables of all patients within 24 hours diagnosis of sepsis, and calculated APACHE II score. At the same time, blood sample were taken to measure the CD4+ T lymphocyte count. The data were analyzed using independent Student-T-test and ROC curve was used for prognosis. There is a significant difference in CD4+ T lymphocyte count between non survival and survival group (non survival group 203±178 cells/Î¼L, survival group 442±303 cells/Î¼L, p<0.001), and the percentage of CD4+ T lymphocyte (non survival group 25.05±11.55%, survival group 34.38±9.15%, p<0.001). There is an under ROC curve for CD4+ T lymphocyte count was 0.81, and for the percentage of CD4+ T lymphocyte was 0.748. Cut off value for CD4+ T lymphocyte count was 204 cells/Î¼L, and the percentage of CD4+ T lymphocytes was 25.23%. Based on this study, the CD4+ T lymphocyte count can be used as a predictor of prognosis in sepsis patients.
MODIFIKASI PRINSIP PEMERIKSAAN Î²-D-GLUCAN UNTUK MENDETEKSI CANDIDA ALBICANS DALAM SERUM
Authors: Dharmawan Ruben , Darukutni Darukutni , Haryati Sri , Murkati Murkati , Sari Yulia , Prasetyo Afiono Agung 
Published: October 2018

Candida albicans Î²-D-glucans examination has been used for invasive fungal detection in human blood and was approved by the Food and Drug Administration. However, the method is rarely used in Indonesia and also because the cost is hardly affordable. A modification of the method using enzymatic reaction is hoped will provide a simple and affordable measurement in human blood serum. Î²-D-glucans as heterogeneous molecules constitute the major carbohydrates fractions of cell wall and readily detected in supernatants of Candida albicans cultures are hydrolyzed by Î² glucanase to form D-glucose. This additional glucose is measured using Megazyme GOPOD-Format Procedure® at 510 nm. Candida albicans were identified and cultured was derived from a patient of Dr. Moewardi General Hospital, Surakarta in July, 2012. The results show that Î²-D-glucans from Candida albicans is measureable to the amount of Î¼g/100 Î¼L serum using this modification principle
PENGUKURAN JUMLAH LIMFOSIT CD4 METODE PANLEUCOGATING PADA PASIEN TERINFEKSI HUMAN IMMUNODEFICIENCY VIRUS (HIV)
Authors: Intansari Umi S. , Mulyono Budi , Sukorini Usi 
Published: October 2018

The standard method for absolute lymphocyte CD4 count is by the use of flow cytometric analysis, but due to the high costly matter,a simpler method and less costly fee of PanLeucogating dual platform is needed. The aim of this study is to know how to replace the single platform by PanLeucogating dual platform by determining the agreement between both methods and to test the proportion of patient who have CD4 <200 cell/ul measured by PanLeucogating and single platform method. A cross sectional study was carried out in the Departement of Clinical Pathology Faculty of Medicine Gadjah Mada University Yogyakarta. The inclusion criteria of the study are HIV/AIDS patients who their CD4 were measured. Absolute count of CD4 was using FACS Calibur measured with both PanLeucogating and single platform method. The bias, correlation, regression and limit of agreement between both methods were analyzed using Bland Altman analysis to decide whether the two methods are interchangeable. The result of the study revealed an excellent correlation between the two methods (r=0.996; y=- 0.906 + 0.0.987). Bland Altman analysis revealed bias=5 cells/uL; standard deviation=18.7 and Limit of agreement (LOA)=-31.6 – 40.75. The Mean Percentage Difference (MPD)=2%; dan%LOA=-7.96 – 12.5%. PanLeucogating method has a good agreement with the single platform method and can be used interchangeable. There was no difference of the proportion of patient who has CD4 <200 cell/ul measured by Panleucogating method and single platform.
HEMOSTASIS BERLANDASKAN SEL HIDUP (IN VIVO)
Authors: Kurniawan Liong Boy , Arif Mansyur 
Published: October 2018

Understanding of hemostasis has developed substantially in the last century from stasis in vitro to in vivo concept. Hemostasis theory develops from classic theory, discovery of coagulation factors leading to cascade/waterfall theory, as well as to in vivo cell based theory which explains the limitations of cascade theory. Phases of cell based hemostasis theory include initiation, amplification, propagation and termination with the role of tissue factor, platelet activation and coagulation factors in thrombin and fibrin synthesis. Common hemostasis tests used nowadays are important in evaluating bleeding risk but this matter still can not explain cell based hemostasis theory comprehensively so we need to find new tests to evaluate in vivo hemostasis.
ALBUMIN SERUM DALAM SIROSIS HATI
Authors: Nafika Windu , Anniwati Leonita , Soehartini Soehartini 
Published: October 2018

Serum albumin measurement can be used for assessing prognosis, determining initial therapy and treatment efficacy for liver cirrhosis patients. The discrepancy result of albumin measurement using different methods can make bias for the albumin concentration. The measurement of albumin was carried out in 20 sera of liver cirrhosis patients using bromcresol green (BCG), BCG conversion as well as bromcresol purple (BCP) methods including protein electrophoresis. The results showed that BCP method has a lower albumin concentration than the other kind (1.68±0.35), BCG (1.94±0.31), BCG conversion (2.09±0.45) as well as protein electrophoresis (2.14±0.35). BCP method has a good correlation with protein electrophoresis as well as BCG conversion (r=0.935 and r=0.90 respectively). It can be concluded in this study, that albumin measurement with BCP method has a good correlation with protein electrophoresis. It is important to know that the measurement results of BCP method is lower but more accurate in the albumin concentration, because there is no cross reaction with globulin. That means, there is no overestimation of albumin concentration in hypoalbuminemia condition of the patients.