bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Factors Associated With Surgical Management for Pediatric Facial Fractures at a Level One Trauma Center
Authors: Moffitt Joseph K. , Wainwright D’Arcy J. , Bartz-Kurycki Marisa , Wainwright David J. , Demian Nagi , Teichgraeber John F. , Greives Matthew R. 
Published: February 2019

Abstract
Pediatric facial fractures present and are managed differently than the adult population. This study describes the pattern and mechanism of facial fractures in children and identifies factors associated with need for surgical management. An IRB-approved retrospective chart analysis of all pediatric patients age ≤ 18 years diagnosed with facial fractures at our level 1 trauma center over a 10-year period (January 2006–December 2015) was performed. Demographics, fracture location, mechanism of injury, concomitant head and neck injuries, and surgical management were reviewed. Statistical analysis was then performed comparing surgical and nonsurgical cohorts using univariate and multivariate analyses. One thousand two hundred seventy-four patients were diagnosed with facial fractures. Five hundred seventeen (40.6%) underwent surgical management. Two thousand one hundred seventy-two total facial fractures were recorded. Orbit fractures (29%) were the most commonly recorded, observed in 49% of patients presenting. Increased age was associated with increased odds of surgical management (OR 1.13; 95% CI 1.09–1.16). Mandible (OR 9.28; 95% CI 6.88–12.51) and Le Fort fractures (OR 19.73; 95% CI 9.78–39.77) had increased odds of surgical management. Patients with traumatic brain injury had reduced odds (OR 0.54; 95% CI 0.35–0.83) of surgical management for their facial fractures. Older pediatric patients may be more likely to require surgical management of their facial fractures, especially those with mandible or Le Fort fractures. Patients with traumatic brain injury are likely to sustain life threatening injuries, deferring repair of their facial fractures. Patient education and counseling, as well as predictive models, can be improved to reflect these data.
Hospital Volume Improves Primary, Revision, and Delayed Cleft Palate Repair
Authors: Wu Robin T. , Shultz Blake N. , Peck Connor J. , Smetona John T. , Steinbacher Derek M. 
Published: February 2019

Background:
High volume centers (HVC) is commonly associated with increased resources and improved patient outcomes. This study assesses efficacy and outcomes of high volume centers in cleft palate repair.

Methods:
Cleft palate procedures were identified in the Kids’ Inpatient Database from 2003-2009. Demographics, perioperative factors, co-morbidities, and complications in HVC (90th percentile, >48 cases/year) and non-high volume centers (NHVC) were compared across various cohorts of cleft repair.

Results:
Four thousand five hundred sixty-three (61.7%) total cleft palate surgeries were performed in HVC and 3388 (38.3%) were performed in NHVC. The NHVC treated a higher percentage of Medicaid patients (P = 0.005) and patients from low-income quartiles (P = 0.018). HVC had larger bedsizes (P <0.001), were more often government/private owned (P <0.001), and were more often teaching hospitals (P <0.001) located predominantly in urban settings (P <0.001). The HVC treated patients at younger ages (P = 0.008) and performed more concurrent procedures (P = 0.047). The most common diagnosis at HVC was complete cleft palate with incomplete cleft lip, while the most common diagnosis at NHVC was incomplete cleft palate without lip. Overall, length of stay and specific complication rates were lower in HVC (P = 0.048, P = 0.042). Primaries at HVCs showed lower pneumonia (P = 0.009) and specific complication rates (P = 0.023). Revisions at HVC were associated with older patients, fewer cardiac complications (P = 0.040), less wound disruption (P = 0.050), but more hemorrhage (P = 0.040).
Quantification of Microsurgical Anatomy in Three-Dimensional Model: Transfrontal Approach for Anterior Portion of the Thalamus
Authors: Qian Zenghui , Li Yiming , Feng Xu , Li Yang , Tang Ke 
Published: February 2019

Abstract
The thalamus located in the deep site of cerebrum with the risk of internal capsule injury during operation. The purpose of this study was to compare the anatomy for exposure and injury using simulative surgical corridor of 3-dimensional model. The 3-dimensional anatomy model of thalamus in cerebrum was created based on magnetic resonance imaging performed for 15 patients with trigeminal neuralgia. The midpoint of line between anterior edge and top of thalamus was the target exposed. Axis connecting the target with the anterior edge and top of caudate head was used to outline the cylinder, respectively, simulating surgical corridors 1 and 2 of transfrontal approach. Cerebral tissues involved in the corridors were observed, measured, and compared. Incision of cortex was made on the anterior portion of inferior frontal gyrus through corridor 1 and middle frontal gyrus through corridor 2. Both of the 2 corridors passed the caudate nucleus, the anterior limb and genu of internal capsule, ultimately reached the upper anterior portion of thalamus. The volumes of white matter, caudate head, and thalamus in the corridor 1 were more than those in corridor 2. Conversely, the volumes of cortex, internal capsule in corridor 2 were more than those in corridor 1. In conclusion, surgical anatomy-specific volume is helpful to postulate the intraoperative injury of transfrontal approach exposing anterior portion of the thalamus. The detailed information in the quantification of microsurgical anatomy will be used to develop minimally invasive operation.
Comparison of Accuracy of Subjective Measurement of Tip-Supra Tip Difference During Rhinoplasty Between Plastic Surgeons
Authors: Atighechi Saeid , Divanizadeh Younes , Dadgarnia Mohammadhossein , Baradaranfar Mohammadhossein , Mandegari Mohammad , Meybodian Mojtaba , Shirkhoda Shima , Vaziribozorg Sedighe 
Published: February 2019

Introduction:
This study compared the subjective measurement of difference between the nasal tip and supra tip (TSD) (using eyes) versus objective measurement of TSD (by a ruler) during rhinoplastic surgery to determine the accuracy of subjective measurements among surgeons with varying degrees of experience.

Materials and Methods:
In this analytical observational study, 40 cosmetic rhinoplasty candidates were involved. Those with the history of rhinoplastic surgery were excluded from the study. At the end of the operation, the surgeon was asked to estimate the TSD subjectively. The researcher, without the intervention of the surgeon, remeasured TSD by a presterile ruler. The researcher recorded both objective and subjective TSD measurements and the experience of the surgeon in rhinoplasty in the checklist.

Result:
Of 40 cosmetic rhinoplasty candidates, 17 were operated by a surgeon with >10 years’ experience (group 1), and 23 by a surgeon with <5 years’ experience (group 2). The results indicated that 5 surgeries (29.4%) in group 1 and 6 surgeries (26.1%) in group 2, had 0-mm difference in subjective and objective measurement. The difference of <1 mm between subjective and objective measurement was achieved in 13 surgeries (76.5%) in group 1 and 13 surgeries (56.5%) in group 2 (P = 0.191).

Conclusion:
According to the results, it can be concluded that the surgeon's experience is effective in reducing the differences in measurements of TSD in both measurement modes.
A Functional Approach to Posttraumatic Salivary Fistula Treatment: The Use of Botulinum Toxin
Authors: Costan Victor-Vlad , Dabija Marius Gabriel , Ciofu Mihai Liviu , Sulea Daniela , Popescu Eugenia , Boisteanu Otilia 
Published: February 2019

Abstract
This manuscript highlights key aspects regarding the practical use of botulinum toxin for the conservative nonsurgical treatment of a rarely encountered, but significant posttraumatic complication—the parotid salivary fistula. It adds information to the scarce existing literature on the subject. The authors outline the main differences between postoperative and trauma-related parotid injury regarding salivary fistula treatment. A total of 6 patients with trauma-related salivary fistulas have been treated by Abobotulinum toxin A injections over the course of 5 years. The technique is detailed, describing the doses used in the presence of parenchyma and duct injuries, the location and number of injection points in relation to the wound pattern. The results were favorable, leading to the healing of the salivary fistulas in all patients, with 1 injection session, without additional conservative treatment. In our experience, the use of botulinum toxin is of great benefit for treating salivary fistulas in a traumatic context.
Characteristics and Success Rates of Same Day or Asynchronous Bilateral External Dacryocystorhinostomy
Authors: Galindo-Ferreiro Alicia , Dufaileej Mohammed , Galvez-Ruiz Alberto , Khandekar Rajiv , Schellini Silvana A. 
Published: February 2019

Purpose:
To evaluate the characteristics of bilateral nasolacrimal duct obstruction (NLDO) carriers and success rates of same day (simultaneous) or asynchronous (different day) bilateral dacryocystorhinostomy (DCR).

Methods:
This retrospective study included patients with bilateral NLDO who underwent bilateral external DCR between January 2010 to August 2015 at the King Khaled Eye Specialist Hospital, Saudi Arabia. Postoperative success rate was considered as subjective perception of no tearing bilaterally or failure if unilateral or bilateral tearing persists after surgery. Data were statistically analyzed with P <0.05 indicating significance.

Results:
Of 57 patients undergoing bilateral DCR, 32 (56%) had same-day surgeries and 25 underwent asynchronous surgery. The median duration of follow up was 7 months. The success rates were similar for the same day group [61.3%–95% CI 49.4–73.2)] and for the asynchronous group [54.2% (95% CI 40.4–68.0)]. Success rate was not correlated to the age, gender, or use of stents.

Conclusions:
The authors strongly recommend bilateral same-day external DCR to treat bilateral NLDO since the success rate of the procedure is similar to the asynchronous surgery, allowing a full treatment in just 1 operative visit.
Spontaneous Temporomandibular Joint Dislocation
Authors: Ruiz Samuel , Lim Rizal 
Published: February 2019

Abstract
Dislocation of the temporomandibular joint (TMJ) is the displacement of the head of the condyle from its normal position in the glenoid fossa. Anterior dislocations are the most common type of TMJ dislocations. Prognathism of the lower jaw, anterior crossbite, and open bite are the classic features in bilateral TMJ dislocations.
The treatment of acute TMJ dislocation involves manual reduction with or without general anesthesia. The use of maxillomandibular fixation is reserved for chronic, more complex dislocations. Determining the presence of a predisposing factor is very important in guiding the correct treatment and management for this condition.
The authors present a case of acute spontaneous temporomandibular joint dislocation where multiple predisposing factors were recognized, requiring treatment with maxillomandibular fixation after manual reduction.
Bifid Antrochoanal Polyp: First Case Report in the English Literature
Authors: Al-Qudah Mohannad 
Published: February 2019

Abstract
Antrochoanal polyp is a benign unilateral sinonasal lesion that arises from maxillary sinus and reaches the choana. It is composed of 2 components: the solid nasal division and the antral part which is almost always cystic and single. Proper identification and removal of polyp attachment to the maxillary sinus wall are essential steps to prevent recurrence. We report the first case of a bifid antrochoanal polyp in a 55-year old male patient. The polyp had an attachment to the posteroinferior wall of the maxillary sinus and then divided inside the sinus into 2 branches that exited the sinus through 2 different accessory ostia but only the posterior part reached the choana. The polyp was successfully removed via an endoscopic surgical approach.
Role of Preoperative Embolization in Surgical Treatment of the Carotid Body Paragangliomas
Authors: Inan Hakki Caner , Yener Haydar Murat , Karaman Emin , Kizilkiliç Osman , Cansiz Harun , Eker Çağlar 
Published: February 2019

Abstract
In this study, we aimed to show the benefits of preoperative embolization on surgery of carotid body tumors.
This is a retrospective study of the medical records of 20 patients who were operated for carotid body paragangliomas during 2011–2017. Computed tomography angiography (BTA) and/or magnetic resonance angiography (MRA) were performed for the entire patients. Patients were assessed according to the Shamblin classification. All patients were subjected to direct cerebral angiography by the femoral route 24 to 48 hours before the surgery and tumor embolization was performed in the appropriate cases (19 patients). The amount of hemorrhage and transfusion need during surgery has been reported. The ages of the patients ranged from 21 to 66, with an average of 45.65. In 20 patients ascendan pharyngeal artery was found as the main artery of tumor. No complications were seen after the embolization procedure. Tumor sizes ranged from 12 mm to 95 mm diameter (mean: 45, 5 mm). 10 patients (50%) were Shamblin type 1, 6 patients (30%) were Shamblin type 2, 4 patients (20%) were Shamblin type 3. In 5 patients (25%), the nerve (N. vagus or hypoglossus) was sacrificed due to cranial nerve involvement. Vagal and hypoglossal nerve sacrificed together in 4 patients.
These patients’ tumor sizes were bigger than 70 mm. Only in 1 patient, internal carotid artery injured and reconstructed with saphenous vein graft. Neurological deficit did not develop postoperatively. Bleeding was mean 275 mL (125 mL–700 mL). In conclusion, we believe that preoperative embolization of carotid paraganglioma is an effective procedure that helps surgeon during dissection with minimal blood loss. The embolization is relatively easy procedure without no additional complications.
Rehospitalization of Postpartum Depression and Psychosis After Electroconvulsive Therapy
Authors: Rönnqvist Ida , Brus Ole , Hammar Åsa , Landén Mikael , Lundberg Johan , Nordanskog Pia , Nordenskjöld Axel 
Published: February 2019

Objectives
Electroconvulsive therapy (ECT) is used in some cases of postpartum depression (PPD) and postpartum psychosis (PPP). The risk of relapse for PPD and PPP after ECT is unknown. This study compared the relapse rate after ECT between women who had been treated for PPD and/or PPP and women who had been treated for depression and/or psychosis outside the postpartum period.

Methods
The Swedish National Quality Register for ECT and the Swedish National Patient Register were used to identify women with PPD and/or PPP who had been treated with ECT within 6 months after delivery. For each case, a control (treated with ECT but not postpartum) patient was also selected. A Kaplan-Meier estimator was used to calculate the relapse rate (defined as rehospitalization or suicide) after ECT. Cox regression was used to identify variables associated with relapse.

Results
A total of 180 patients were included in each group. The proportions of patients who suffered relapse after 6 months, 1 year, and 2 years were 28%, 31%, and 40% for the postpartum group and 39%, 50%, and 55% for the nonpostpartum group. Treatment with benzodiazepines, several previous psychiatric admissions, and the absence of improvement after ECT were associated with relapse.

Conclusions
The risk of relapse after ECT is lower for patients with PPD and/or PPP than for patients outside the postpartum period, but the risk is nonetheless substantial in both groups.
Identification of new inhibitors of the toxoplasma gondii by using in-silico drug repurposing
Authors: Kadkhodamohammadi Mosleh , Jaberi Milad , Babaei akerdi Reza , Aliyar Masoud 
Published: February 2019

AbstractIntroductionThe common treatment for toxoplasmosis was pyrimethamine. In recent years, it has been found that this parasite is getting resistant to this treatment, therefore urgent alternative treatments are needed.Material and MethodsIn this study, by using drug repurposing and in silico methods we tried to make a selective treatment by inhibiting the Calcium-Dependent Protein Kinase 1 from Toxoplasma gondii which doesn’t exist in mammalians. We screened the FDA approved drugs by molecular docking and after ranking them by their binding energies and inspecting the top scored ones, we chose Cefpiramide, Ceftriaxone and Cefotiam as the hit compounds. After that, we used molecular dynamics simulations to test the hit compounds in a much more realistic environment.ResultsBy analyzing the results, we found that all of the hit compounds and good and can bind strongly to the active site of the protein. Therefore, they can be potential candidates for inhibiting Calcium-Dependent Protein Kinase 1 from Toxoplasma gondii.ConclusionMoreover, because the predicted compounds are FDA approved drugs, their toxicity profiles are well known and their newly predicted use can be tested in clinical trials.
PTH decreasesin vitrohuman cartilage regeneration without affecting hypertrophic differentiation
Authors: Rutgers Marijn , Bach Frances , Vonk Luciënne , van Rijen Mattie , Akrum Vanessa , van Boxtel Antonette , Dhert Wouter , Creemers Laura 
Published: February 2019

AbstractRegenerated cartilage formed after Autologous Chondrocyte Implantation may be of suboptimal quality due to postulated hypertrophic changes. Parathyroid hormone-related peptide, containing the parathyroid hormone sequence (PTHrP 1-34), enhances cartilage growth during development and inhibits hypertrophic differentiation of mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs) and growth plate chondrocytes. This study aims to determine whether human articular chondrocytes respond correspondingly. Healthy human articular cartilage-derived chondrocytes (n=6 donors) were cultured on type II collagen-coated transwells with/without 0.1 or 1.0 μM PTH from day 0, 9, or 21 until the end of culture (day 28). Extracellular matrix production, (pre)hypertrophy and PTH signaling were assessed by RT-qPCR and/or immunohistochemistry for collagen type I, II, X, RUNX2, MMP13, PTHR1 and IHH and by determining glycosaminoglycan production and DNA content. The Bern score assessed cartilage quality by histology. Regardless of the concentration and initiation of supplementation, PTH treatment significantly decreased DNA and glycosaminoglycan content and reduced the Bern score compared with controls. Type I collagen deposition was increased, whereas PTHR1 expression and type II collagen deposition were decreased by PTH supplementation. Expression of the (pre)hypertrophic markers MMP13, RUNX2, IHH and type X collagen were not affected by PTH. In conclusion, PTH supplementation to healthy human articular chondrocytes did not affect hypertrophic differentiation, but negatively influenced cartilage quality, the tissues’ extracellular matrix and cell content. Although PTH may be an effective inhibitor of hypertrophic differentiation in MSC-based cartilage repair, care may be warranted in applying accessory PTH treatment due to its effects on articular chondrocytes.
Rapid breath analysis for acute respiratory distress syndrome diagnostics using a portable 2-dimensional gas chromatography device
Authors: Zhou Menglian , Sharma Ruchi , Zhu Hongbo , Li Jiliang , Wang Shiyu , Bisco Erin , Massey Justin , Pennington Amanda , Sjoding Michael , Dickson Robert P. , Park Pauline , Hyzy Robert , Napolitano Lena , Ward Kevin R. , Fan Xudong 
Published: February 2019

AbstractAcute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) is the most severe form of acute lung injury, responsible for high mortality and long-term morbidity. As a dynamic syndrome with multiple etiologies its timely diagnosis is difficult as is tracking the course of the syndrome. Therefore, there is a significant need for early, rapid detection and diagnosis as well as clinical trajectory monitoring of ARDS. Here we report our work on using human breath to differentiate ARDS and non-ARDS causes of respiratory failure. A fully automated portable 2-dimensional gas chromatography device with high peak capacity, high sensitivity, and rapid analysis capability was designed and made in-house for on-site analysis of patients’ breath. A total of 85 breath samples from 48 ARDS patients and controls were collected. Ninety-seven elution peaks were separated and detected in 13 minutes. An algorithm based on machine learning, principal component analysis (PCA), and linear discriminant analysis (LDA) was developed. As compared to the adjudications done by physicians based on the Berlin criteria, our device and algorithm achieved an overall accuracy of 87.1% with 94.1% positive predictive value and 82.4% negative predictive value. The high overall accuracy and high positive predicative value suggest that the breath analysis method can accurately diagnose ARDS. The ability to continuously and non-invasively monitor exhaled breath for early diagnosis, disease trajectory tracking, and outcome prediction monitoring of ARDS may have a significant impact on changing practice and improving patient outcomes.
AngularQA: Protein Model Quality Assessment with LSTM Networks
Authors: Conover Matthew , Staples Max , Si Dong , Sun Miao , Cao Renzhi 
Published: February 2019

AbstractQuality Assessment (QA) plays an important role in protein structure prediction. Traditional protein QA methods suffer from searching databases or comparing with other models for making predictions, which usually fail. We propose a novel protein single-model QA method which is built on a new representation that converts raw atom information into a series of carbon-alpha (Cα) atoms with side-chain information, defined by their dihedral angles and bond lengths to the prior residue. An LSTM network is used to predict the quality by treating each amino acid as a time-step and consider the final value returned by the LSTM cells. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first time anyone has attempted to use an LSTM model on the QA problem; furthermore, we use a new representation which has not been studied for QA. In addition to angles, we make use of sequence properties like secondary structure at each time-step, without using any database. Our model achieves an overall correlation of 0.651 on the CASP12 testing dataset. Our experiment points out new directions for QA problem and our method could be widely used for protein structure prediction problem. The software is freely available at GitHub:https://github.com/caorenzhi/AngularQA