bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
High variability of migration strategies in a reestablished Cygnus buccinator (Trumpeter Swan) population
Authors: Wolfson David W , Knapik Randall T , Buckardt Thomas Anna , Harms Tyler M , Kearns Laura J , Kiss Brian W , Poole Timothy F , Fowler Drew N , Finger Taylor A , Matteson Sumner W , Moriarty John J , Mayo Tiffany , Smith Margaret , Herwig Christine M , Andersen David E , Fieberg John R 
Published: November 2024

ABSTRACT
The interior population (IP) of Cygnus buccinator (Trumpeter Swan), formerly extirpated by market hunting, was reestablished in eastern North America by releasing individuals from both migratory and nonmigratory populations. Their current annual movement patterns are largely unknown. We deployed 113 Global Positioning System–Global System for Mobile Communications transmitters on IP C. buccinator in 6 U.S. states and 1 Canadian province across the current IP breeding range. Using data from 252 “swan-years,” we estimated migration phenology using piecewise regression models fit to each yearly time series of displacement from the breeding site. We fit a latent-state model to characterize population-level associations between breeding latitude and maximum extent of migration, and linear mixed models to quantify associations between individual characteristics (e.g., breeding status and sex) and migration phenology. At the individual level, 59% of swans moved to distant nonbreeding period areas (long-distance migration, defined as moving &gt;100 km from the breeding site), 16% exhibited regional migration (25–100 km from breeding site), 19% exhibited nonmigratory but local movements (&lt;25 km from breeding site), and 6% exhibited multiple migration strategies. Swans breeding at more-northern latitudes departed their territories earlier in autumn, returned later in the spring, and migrated farther from their breeding territories than those breeding at more southern latitudes. Although the population-level association between migration extent and breeding latitude was positive, some individuals remained close to the location of their breeding site during the nonbreeding period. Breeding swans departed later in the autumn than nonbreeders, but breeding status did not have a strong association with arrival in the spring. IP C. buccinator are partial migrants, with a continuum of strategies that vary latitudinally, from local movements to long-distance migration. Much of the variability in movement patterns is related to factors tied to natural history demands (e.g., breeding status) and response to environmental conditions (e.g., through associations with breeding latitude).
Unveiling research productivity barriers via fuzzy AHP: a case of management faculty in India
Authors: Sharma Deepika , Kumar Divesh , Mahajan Ritika 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
This paper focuses on the obstacles that inhibit research productivity in India. Despite being the second-most populous nation globally, India lags in global benchmarks for research productivity and quality. The study aims to identify and categorize the barriers to research productivity among business faculty in India, as well as offer practical insights and a way forward. Twenty specific barriers were identified through a literature review and expert opinion and subsequently analyzed through the fuzzy analytical hierarchy process (FAHP) to prioritize the critical/strongest barriers, with a sensitivity analysis performed to reveal the stability of its rankings. The FAHP results indicated that elimination of personal barriers should receive the highest priority, followed by institutional, psychological, social, and industrial. The results from the sensitivity analysis confirm the positive ripple effect of mitigating personal barriers on other sets of barriers. Additionally, this study draws upon the experiences and insights shared by expert respondents, shedding light on effective strategies to manage and mitigate these barriers in order to enhance the production of quality research.
A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis on Contrast Sensitivity in Schizophrenia
Authors: Linares Daniel , Joostens Aster , de la Malla Cristina 
Published: November 2024

Abstract

Background and Hypothesis
Understanding perceptual alterations in mental disorders can help uncover neural and computational anomalies. In schizophrenia, perceptual alterations have been reported for many visual features, including a deficit in contrast sensitivity, a key measure of visual function. The evidence supporting this deficit, however, has not been comprehensively synthesized.

Study Design
We conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis of studies measuring contrast sensitivity in individuals with schizophrenia and healthy controls. Our search identified 46 studies, of which 43 focused on chronic patients.

Study Results
We found that patients with chronic schizophrenia have reduced contrast sensitivity (g = 0.74; 95% CI, 0.55 to 0.93; P = 8.2 × 10−10). However, we found evidence that the deficit could be driven by medication. Additionally, none of the studies estimated attentional lapses, leaving it uncertain whether a potentially higher frequency of lapses in patients contributes to the observed deficit. Furthermore, only two studies comprehensively assessed visual acuity, complicating the understanding of the role of spatial frequency in the observed deficit.

Conclusions
While we identified a robust deficit in contrast sensitivity among chronic schizophrenia patients, the influence of attentional lapses and medication on this impairment remains unclear. We make several suggestions for future research to clarify the underlying mechanisms contributing to this deficit.
The influence of biomimetic conditions on neurogenic and neuroprotective properties of dedifferentiated fat cells
Authors: Radoszkiewicz Klaudia , Rybkowska Paulina , Szymanska Magdalena , Krzesniak Natalia Ewa , Sarnowska Anna 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
In the era of a constantly growing number of reports on the therapeutic properties of dedifferentiated, ontogenetically rejuvenated cells and their use in the treatment of neurological diseases, the optimization of their derivation and long-term culture methods seem to be crucial. One of the solutions is seen in the use of dedifferentiated fat cells (DFATs) that are characterized by a greater homogeneity. Moreover, these cells seem to possess a higher expression of transcriptional factors necessary to maintain pluripotency (stemness-related transcriptional factors) as well as a greater ability to differentiate in vitro into 3 embryonic germ layers, and a high proliferative potential in comparison to adipose stem/stromal cells. However, the neurogenic and neuroprotective potential of DFATs is still insufficiently understood; hence, our research goal was to contribute to our current knowledge of the subject. To recreate the brain’s physiological (biomimetic) conditions, the cells were cultured at 5% oxygen concentration. The neural differentiation capacity of DFATs was assessed in the presence of the N21 supplement containing the factors that are typically found in the natural environment of the neural cell niche or in the presence of cerebrospinal fluid and under various spatial conditions (microprinting). The neuroprotective properties of DFATs were assessed using the coculture method with the ischemically damaged nerve tissue.
Clinically Applied Biomechanics of Mesh-reinforced Ventral Hernia Repair: A Practical Review
Authors: Jinka Sanjay K.A. , Janis Jeffrey E. 
Published: November 2024

Background:
Ventral hernia repair is inherently prone to recurrence. This article is a practical review that summarizes the literature on the biomechanics of ventral hernia repairs to provide clinically applicable, evidence-based recommendations to reduce hernia recurrence.

Methods:
A practical review of all relevant literature in PubMed concerning the mechanics of ventral hernia repairs and the forces involved was conducted in August 2023.

Results:
Of the 598 full-text publications retrieved, 29 satisfied inclusion criteria. Among these, 5 articles included enough numeric data for a quantitative analysis of the ultimate tensile strength of the layers of the abdominal wall.

Conclusions:
The utilization of mesh in ventral hernia repairs is recommended to strengthen weakened abdominal wall tissue. It is essential to primarily close the anterior sheath with a robust mesh–tissue overlap to promote “load-sharing” between the mesh and the abdominal wall. This approach reduces mesh deformity and stress on fixation points, leading to lower hernia recurrence rates. Minimizing mesh fixation (when placed in the retromuscular plane) can reduce postoperative pain and hospital stay without significantly affecting hernia recurrence. Orienting mesh according to abdominal anisotropy is crucial for reducing mesh stiffness, improving healing, and preventing recurrence. Future studies with advanced computer modeling will continue to provide further insights into mesh biomechanics and abdominal wall healing.
The Association Between Chronic Aspirin Treatment and the Clinical Course and Outcomes of Acute Pancreatitis
Authors: Levy Yael , Fischman Maya , Klein Amir , Elias Adi , Azzam ZS , Ghersin Itai 
Published: November 2024

Abstract

Background &Aim
Aspirin (amino-salicylic acid) is one of the most common medications prescribed worldwide. Several animal model studies have shown that Aspirin pre-treatment had a positive effect on acute pancreatitis outcomes. The impact of Aspirin on acute pancreatitis outcomes in humans is unknown. We aimed to determine the association between chronic Aspirin treatment and the clinical course and outcomes of acute pancreatitis in a large cohort.

Methods
In this retrospective single-center observational study, we included all adult patients admitted with a primary diagnosis of acute pancreatitis between January 2008 and June 2021. Patients were divided into two groups: chronic Aspirin treatment group and non-Aspirin treatment group. Since patients chronically treated with Aspirin were more likely to have comorbidities, we adjusted for these baseline differences using propensity score matching.

Results
The study included 2,308 patients, of whom 596 (25.8%) were chronically treated with Aspirin. Overall, chronic Aspirin treatment was associated with increased 30-day mortality with an OR of 1.91 (95% CI, 1.21-2.97; p = 0.005). It was also associated with severe pancreatitis (OR 2.61; 95% CI, 2.00-3.39; p < 0.001).
In the propensity matched cohort, 30-day mortality rates [OR = 0.53 (95% CI 0.20-1.31, p = 0.2] and severe pancreatitis rates [OR was 1.2 (95% CI 0.83-1.75, p = 0.3)] were similar between the two groups.

Conclusions
Among patients with acute pancreatitis, chronic Aspirin treatment was not associated with decreased disease severity or reduced 30-day mortality rate. Further studies examining the effect of anti-inflammatory medications on acute pancreatitis outcomes are needed.
AI: Promise or Peril for Patient Safety
Authors: Ullem Beth Daley , Hatlie Martin J. , Lounsbury Olivia 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
Patient safety advocates identify concerns for the impact of AI on patient safety. Patients identified the following 4 main areas that AI developers, regulatory bodies, and clinical users of AI are asked to consider: data integrity and bias, efficacy, payment, and transparency toward shared learning. Increased patient involvement in the development, use assessment and oversight of the technology is critical to ensure trust and trustworthiness in the use of AI in patient care.
The MobiliseMe study: A randomised controlled efficacy trial of a cognitive behavioural therapy smartphone application (ClearlyMe®) for reducing depressive symptoms in adolescents
Authors: O’Dea Bridianne , Li Sophie H. , Subotic-Kerry Mirjana , Achilles Melinda R. , Mackinnon Andrew J. , Batterham Philip J. , Christensen Helen , Roberts Anna , Nagendraprasad Komal , Dudley Zoe , Gillham Benjamin , Werner-Seidler Aliza 
Published: November 2024

ABSTRACTAimThis trial evaluated the efficacy of a CBT smartphone application (ClearlyMe®) for reducing depressive symptoms in adolescents when delivered with and without guidance and when compared to an active control.DesignAn online three-arm, parallel-group randomised controlled trial. Ethical approval was provided by the University of New South Wales Human Research Ethics Committee.MethodsAdolescents in Australia aged 12 to 17 years with mild to moderate depressive symptoms as measured by the Patient Health Questionnaire-9 Adolescent version (PHQ-A) who were not receiving treatment or experiencing recent or severe suicidality, had access to a smartphone, and parental consent were randomly allocated to receive (i) self-directed use of ClearlyMe®, (ii) ClearlyMe®with SMS-guided support, or the active control (SMS-delivered psychoeducation content) for six weeks. Participants were not directly informed of their allocation and the statistician was blinded for analysis. Outcomes were assessed at baseline, post intervention (primary endpoint: 6-weeks post baseline) and follow-up (secondary endpoint: 4-months post baseline). Primary outcome was change in depressive symptoms from baseline to post intervention as measured by the PHQ-A. Intention-to-treat analyses used multilevel linear modelling.Results569 adolescents (Mean age: 15.89, SD: 1.26, 74.2% female) were included in the analyses. The declines in depressive symptoms post intervention in the self-directed (d=0.35, 95%CI:-0.57 – -0.12) and guided conditions (d=0.33, 95%CI: -.0.55 – -0.10) were significantly greater than the control. The effects of self-directed and guided were comparable. There were no differences between the conditions at follow-up for any outcomes. Secondary outcomes followed a similar pattern of change at both endpoints, although there were no differential effects for anxiety symptoms. The risk of adverse events was almost double in the control when compared to the self-directed (IRR: 1.73, 95%CI: 1.15 – 2.62,P=.009) and guided conditions (IRR: 1.98 (95%CI: 1.27 – 3.08,P=.002).ConclusionsClearlyMe®, when delivered with or without SMS-guided support, was efficacious for short term reductions in depressive symptoms in adolescents when compared to SMS-delivered psychoeducation.Trial registrationAustralian New Zealand Clinical Trials Registry (ACTRN12622000131752). Universal Trial Number: U1111-1271-8519Trial fundingThe trial operations were funded by a philanthropic donation from the Goodman Foundation and investigators were funded by National Health and Medical Research Council Investigator Grants (BOD grant number MRF1197249, AWS grant number GNT2008839, HC grant number GNT115614).
Effect of the daily exposure of 1.7 GHz LTE electromagnetic field in early fetal brain development using a human brain organoid model of the cerebral cortex
Authors: Park Gyu Yeon , Pan Ya Qi , Choi Yoon-Jeong , Kim Nam , Jeon Sangbong , Song Kiwon 
Published: November 2024

AbstractWireless communication technology’s ubiquity means constant exposure to radiofrequency electromagnetic fields (RF-EMF). While concerns exist about RF-EMF’s effects on fetal brain development, studying this in pregnant women poses ethical and safety challenges. Our study examined 1.7 GHz LTE RF-EMF’s impact on early human fetal brain development using brain organoids derived from human induced pluripotent stem cells (hiPSCs).Previous research showed that 100-day-old human cerebral cortical brain organoids correspond to 19-24 weeks post-conception of fetal brain development. We exposed organoids to 1.7 GHz LTE RF-EMF at 8 W/kg specific absorption rate (SAR) for 5 hours daily up to 100 days. We monitored size, developmental morphology, and developmental stage markers using immunofluorescence microscopy and qPCR analysis.Comparing RF-EMF-exposed organoids with controls showed no significant differences in size, development, or expression of key markers: SOX2 and PAX6 (pluripotent cell markers), NEUN (mature neuronal marker), MAP2 (dendrite marker), and SYN1 (synapse marker). Results suggest that daily exposure to 1.7 GHz LTE RF-EMF at 8 W/kg SAR may not significantly affect early human fetal brain development.
The Multifunctional Catalytic Hemoglobin fromAmphitrite ornata: Protocols on Isolation, Taxonomic Identification, Protein Extraction, Purification, and Characterization
Authors: Husted Anna L. , Sutton Victoria R. , Nguyen Hao V. , Presnar Lauren A. , Blackburn R. Kevin , Staton Joseph L. , Borgianini Stephen A. , D’Antonio Edward L. 
Published: November 2024

AbstractThe multifunctional catalytic hemoglobin from the terebellid polychaeteAmphitrite ornata, also named dehaloperoxidase (AoDHP), utilizes the typical oxygen transport function in addition to four observed activities involved in substrate oxidation. The multifunctional ability ofAoDHP is presently a rare observation, and there exists a limitation for how novel dehaloperoxidases can be identified from macrobenthic infauna. In order to discover more infaunal DHP-bearing candidates, we have devised a facilitated method for an accurate taxonomic identification that places visual and molecular taxonomic approaches in parallel. Traditional visual taxonomic species identification by the non-specialist, at least forA. ornata, or even for other marine worms, is a very difficult and time-consuming task since a large diversity is present and the method is restricted to adult worm specimens. The work herein aimed to describe a method that particularly simplifies the taxonomic identification ofA. ornatathrough the assessment of its mitochondrial cytochrome c oxidase subunit I gene by employing the DNA barcoding technique. Furthermore, whole worm specimens ofA. ornatawere used to extract and purifyAoDHP followed by an H2O2-dependent peroxidase activity assay evaluation against substrate 2,4,6-trichlorophenol.AoDHP isoenzyme A was also overexpressed as the recombinant protein inEscherichia coli, and its peroxidase activity parameters were compared toAoDHP from the natural source. The activity assay assessment indicated a tight correlation for all Michaelis-Menten parameters evaluated. We conclude that the method described herein exhibits a streamlined approach to identify the polychaeteA. ornata, which can be adopted by the non-specialist, and the full procedure is predicted to facilitate the discovery of novel dehaloperoxidases from other marine invertebrates.
Quantification and potential functional relevance of binding cooperativity of adjacent transcription factors on DNA
Authors: Wang Xinyao , Xie Chen , Shen Ke , Li Dubai , Xie Xiaoliang Sunney 
Published: November 2024

In eukaryotes, expression of a particular gene is regulated by a combination of transcription factors (TFs) bound on regulatory regions of the genomic DNA (promoters and enhancers). Recent advances in genomic sequencing technology have allowed measurements of TFs’ footprints and binding affinities on DNA at the single-molecule level, permitting the probing of binding cooperativity among adjacent TFs. This necessitates quantitative descriptions of TFs’ binding cooperativity and understanding of its potential functional relevance. In this study, we show that, thermodynamically, the binding affinities of two adjacent TFs can either increase together (positive cooperativity) or decrease together (negative cooperativity), rather than changing in opposite directions. Their binding cooperativity can be quantified by theγcoefficient, which is independent of TF concentrations, and can be determined by single-molecule binding reads either fromin vitrothermodynamic condition or cellular condition of non-equilibrium steady state (NESS). The functional relevance of positive cooperativity, which has been extensively discussed in the literature, is the sigmoidal binding curve around a TF concentration threshold (analogous to oxygen binding to hemoglobin), whereas the functional relevance of negative cooperativity is two-fold. First, mutual exclusion of the two TFs enables bidirectional gene switching similar to CI-Cro system in phageλ. Second, under a non-equilibrium steady-state condition, in which TFs often exhibit intranuclear concentration fluctuations, negative binding cooperativity assures fast TF dissociation from DNA and hence rapid response for gene expression regulation.Significance StatementIn eukaryotes, multiple transcription factors (TFs) bind to regulatory regions of DNA to control gene expression. The binding affinity of one TF to a specific DNA site is influenced by the binding of another TF at an adjacent site, exhibiting either positive or negative cooperativity (the TFs either strengthen or weaken each other’s binding). Here we present metric for such cooperativity from experimental measurables. Functionally, positive cooperativity assures sensitive response above a threshold of TF concentrations, whereas functional roles for negative cooperativity might be two folds: First, mutual exclusion of TFs’ binding enables bidirectional gene switching. Second, as TF concentrations oscillate under non-equilibrium steady-state condition, negative binding cooperativity assures fast TF dissociation, hence rapid switching of transcription.
The toxic effects of lead nitrate on human keratinocytes (HaCaT)
Authors: Mohamed Adnan , Mahathi Pemma , Nair Niveditha , DSouza Herman 
Published: November 2024

ABSTRACTThis study investigated the cytotoxicity, genotoxicity, oxidative stress, and mitochondrial toxicity in human keratinocytes (HaCaT) caused by lead nitrate. An increase in lead nitrate concentration (50-800 µM) showed a decrease in cell viability and the IC50concentration was found to be 385.7 µM. Lead nitrate at 250 µM was also found to decrease the clonogenic potential, produce an increased number of binucleated cells with a micronucleus, increase the olive tail movement, reduce the thiol protein content, increase the intracellular and mitochondrial ROS levels, increase the mitochondrial mass and mitochondrial membrane potential. Which showed that Lead nitrate does indeed show cytotoxic, genotoxic effects as well as increase oxidative stress and alter mitochondrial functions.HIGHLIGHTSLead nitrate causes cytotoxicity in keratinocytes with an IC50conc. of 385.7 µM.Exposure to lead nitrate showed a significant increase in DNA damage.Lead nitrate increased the mitochondrial membrane potential and mass.
Genetic Characterization of the Cell Types of in Developing Feathers, and the Evolution of Feather Complexity
Authors: Limber Cody , Wagner Günter P. , Prum Richard O. 
Published: November 2024

AbstractFeathers are the most complex and diverse epidermal appendages found in vertebrates. Their unique hierarchical organization and development is based on a diversity of cell types and morphologies. Despite being well characterized morphologically and extensive molecular developmental research focusing on candidate genes, little is known about the gene regulatory identities of these presumptive feather cell types. Here, we use single cell and single nuclear RNA sequencing within situhybridization to identify and characterize cells types in embryonic chicken feathers. We show that the distinct cell morphologies correspond to feather cell types with distinct gene expression profiles. We also describe a previously unidentified cell type, the basal barb ridge epithelium, which appears to play a role in signaling necessary for barb ridge differentiation and pulp cap production. We also analyze RNA velocity trajectories of developing feather cells, and find distinct developmental trajectories for epidermal cells that constitute the mature feather and those that function only in feather development. Finally, we produce an evolutionary tree of feather cell types based on transcription factor expression in order to test prior developmental hypotheses about feather evolution. Our tree is consistent with the developmental model of feather evolution, and sheds light on the influence of ancestral epidermal stratification on feather cell evolution. This transcriptomic approach to study feather cell types helps lay the ground work for understanding the developmental evolutionary complexity and diversity of feathers.