bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Place-Based Spectatorship, Toronto Raptors Basketball, and the Jurassic Park Outdoor Watching Area
Authors: Fresco Estée 
Published: December 2024

Background: When the Toronto Raptors competed in the 2019 National Basketball Association playoffs, fans in Toronto participated in a collective spectating experience by watching games in an outdoor space called Jurassic Park. Analysis: This article analyzes how journalists depicted the Jurassic Park watching area as an assemblage of human and non-human matter. In these accounts, bodies and sounds collectively transformed the space into an intimate and emotionally resonant place. Conclusions and implications: These depictions recognize the agency of non-human matter but expose a settler colonial conceptualization of Toronto as a place. They also expose the impermanency of fan-based unity and long-term environmental effects of the waste spectators produce.
Perspectives of Canadian Youth on Islamophobic Hate Speech on Social Media
Authors: Arshad-Ayaz Adeela , Naseem Muhammad Ayaz , Hizoui Hedia , Akram Muhammad 
Published: December 2024

Background: Recent high-profile cases of Islamophobia online raise questions about how youth view and understand Islamophobic hate speech on social media. Analysis: In this study, we interviewed 25 respondents who identify as Muslim and have experienced hate speech on social media and 25 respondents from mainstream Canadian youth who are active users of social media. We also arranged a partially mediated online multilogue between the respondents on religion-induced hate speech, especially Islamophobia in Canada. Conclusions and implications: While both groups agreed on the harmful impacts of unmoderated hate speech online, they disagreed on the definition of Islamophobia as the systematic oppression of Muslims and held conflicting views on Islamophobia as a form of racism.
Analysis and selection of the structure of a multiprocessor computing system according to the performance criterion
Authors: Petushkov G. V. , Sigov A. S. 
Published: December 2024

Objectives. Analysis of the various architectures of computing systems (CSs) used in recent decades has allowed us to identify the most common structures. One of the key features is the use of mass-produced equipment to create data processing subsystems (for example, multicore processors and high-capacity semiconductor memory), as well as network equipment to build communication subsystems. This reduces hardware costs and allows typical or cluster configurations to be created, which is especially important for expensive CSs. The desire to achieve high computational speed and performance in such CSs requires minimizing the time to complete the task and balancing time delays both in data processing subsystems and in the communication subsystem which provides data transmission inside the CS. The aim of this work is to analyze computing modules (CMs) and structures on the basis of which the construction of cluster CSs is carried out.Methods. The main results of the work were obtained using methods of mathematical analysis and modeling.Results. The study considers the structure of modern multicore microprocessors as the basis for building CMs of cluster CSs. As the number of cores in the microprocessor structure increases, the communication network which unites them into a single structure becomes more complicated. It has been shown that in new developments of microprocessors, communication between cores is performed in the form of a network. The microprocessors themselves are MIMD structures in accordance with the well-known Flynn classification.Conclusions. The proposed method of selecting an effective structure of a CS allows us to obtain the optimal structure of a CS according to the criterion of performance.
Digital three-stage recursive-separable image processing filter with variable sizes of scanning multielement aperture
Authors: Kamenskiy A. V. , Akaeva T. M. , Grebenshchikova D. A. 
Published: December 2024

Objectives. The main aim of digital image processing is to increase clarity while maintaining image quality and eliminate noise. However, the amount of information contained in digital image files is growing year after year. This circumstance negatively affects processing time, critical for systems with high load requirements on the computing platform. In this regard, the use of digital filters which enable a reduction to the processing time of incoming data is important. In order to resolve this issue, adaptive filters with different sizes of multielement processing aperture are being developed to improve image clarity and preserve image details. Filters with adaptive properties are able to change their parameters during data processing, and provide maximum performance as the aperture size increases. The aim of the work is to develop a type of recursively separable digital filter with variable sizes of a scanning multielement aperture which allows the number of computational operations to be reduced while maintaining the efficiency of filtering input data (images).Methods. The work used recursive-separable methods and algorithms to construct digital filters.Results. An algorithm for the recursive-separable implementation of a digital filter is described, and the final view of the processing aperture and its three-dimensional appearance are presented. In order to evaluate the performance of the filter, a comparison of the developed algorithm with the classical two-dimensional convolution algorithm was carried out. The experiment was performed using images of various sizes and consisted of determining the time spent on the process of processing the test image. The study established that the processing time of a test image using the developed filter is on average 5 times less than the time taken by the classical two-dimensional convolution algorithm. The optimal coefficients for magnifying the central element and raising the positive part of the aperture of a digital filter were determined, enabling the efficiency of its use to be enabled.Conclusions. The studies show the effectiveness of using the developed recursive-separable two-dimensional filter to improve image clarity and reduce the time spent on processing.
Structural transitions in systems with a triple-well potential
Authors: Ozherelkova L. M. , Savin E. S. , Tishaeva I. R. , Shevelev V. V. 
Published: December 2024

Objectives. Recently studied phenomena in condensed matter physics have prompted new insights into the dynamic theory of crystals. The results of numerous experimental data demonstrate the impossibility of their explanation within the framework of linear models of the dynamics of many-particle systems, resulting in the necessity to account for nonlinear effects. Analyzing the dynamics of systems in condensed matter physics containing a sufficiently large number of particles shows that modes of motion can undergo changes depending on the potential of interparticle interaction. This is also reflected in the presence of domains with essentially chaotic phase space having a number of degrees of freedom N ≥ 1.5 and a certain set of interparticle interaction parameters. However, it is not only the dynamic model that appears to be strongly nonlinear. A similar nature of motion can be also observed in a static nonlinear many-particle system. The paper aims to study the influence of the external field specified by the interatomic triple-well potential on the equilibrium structure of a chain of interacting atoms.Methods. Methods of Hamiltonian mechanics are used.Results. Analytical expressions are obtained and analyzed for determining the phase portrait of the equilibrium structure of a chain of interacting atoms for various values of the parameter characterizing the local potential of the field in which each atom of the chain moves. Phase portraits of the equilibrium structure of the system are constructed in continuous and discrete representations of the equilibrium equations for various values of the parameter characterizing the local potential of the field in which each atom of the chain moves.Conclusions. It is shown that both periodic and random chaotic arrangements of atoms are implemented depending on the magnitude of the external field.
Pruebas diagnósticas de Helicobacter pylori en niños colombianos
Authors: Bravo Luis , Matta Andres , Zambrano Diana , Gonzalez Ivan , Ordoñez Nohra , Pazos Alvaro 
Published: December 2024

La infección por Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) es dinámica en la población pediátrica, aumentando con la edad. Existen varias pruebas diagnósticas disponibles y eficaces en la identificación de personas infectadas y no infectadas, sin embargo, todavía es necesaria una prueba no invasiva, fiable y tolerable en niños. Objetivo: Estimar la validez de las pruebas de H. pylori en niños en Cali, Colombia. Pacientes y Método: Se incluyeron 236 niños menores de 10 años sintomáticos referidos a endoscopía digestiva alta para evaluación de dolor abdominal, reflujo gastroesofágico, vomito, dispepsia o diarrea. Se utilizaron tres pruebas diagnósticas para determinar la infección por H. pylori: [13C]- Prueba de aliento con urea (UBT), Prueba de antígeno en heces de H. pylori (HpSA) y antígeno sérico de H. pylori por ELISA. La validez se evaluó mediante análisis de sensibilidad y especificidad, estableciendo el diagnóstico de la infección por H. pylori basado en el estudio histológico de las biopsias de mucosa gástrica, como método de referencia. Resultados: La prevalencia estimada de H. pylori en las tres pruebas varió de 1,12 a 27,3%, similar a lo reportado por evaluación histológica (21,6%). La sensibilidad encontrada a través del análisis convencional (2x2) para la prueba del HpSA fue de 97,9%, y para la prueba UBT y el antígeno sérico de H. pylori fue de 87,5% y 88,2%, respectivamente. Se encontró una mayor sensibilidad en las tres pruebas cuando se utilizó el análisis de clase latente, especialmente en la prueba HpSA que fue igual a la prueba histopatológica de referencia (100%). Conclusión: La prueba del HpSA arrojó la mejor discriminación tanto en niños infectados como sanos, menores de 10 años, en Cali-Colombia.
Caracterización de las vasculitis primarias en pediatría
Authors: Andrade Quezada Nancy , Ladino Ramírez Mabel 
Published: December 2024

Las vasculitis primarias son un grupo de enfermedades de causa desconocida que se caracterizan por inflamación de la pared de los vasos sanguíneos. Hay escasos datos publicados a nivel nacional. Objetivo: Determinar la incidencia y prevalencia de las vasculitis primarias en la población pediátrica chilena y describir la clínica, laboratorio, tratamiento y evolución. Pacientes y Método: Estudio retrospectivo que incluyó a pacientes con diagnóstico de vasculitis primaria menores de 16 años, atendidos en un consultorio de Reumatología Pediátrica de un hospital terciario en Santiago de Chile, entre enero del 2015 y diciembre del 2019. La recolección de datos se obtuvo a partir de las fichas clínicas y registro informático. Los diagnósticos fueron: Vasculitis IgA (Púrpura de Schönlein Henoch), Edema hemorrágico del lactante, Enfermedad de Kawasaki (EK), Poliarteritis nodosa (PAN), Granulomatosis con poliangeitis (GPA) y Poliangeítis Microscópica (PAM). No se encontraron casos de Poliangeítis Granulomatosa eosinofílica ni Arteritis de Takayasu en esta muestra. Las variables analizadas fueron: características demográficas, manifestaciones clínicas, laboratorio, imágenes, biopsias, tratamientos y evolución. Resultados: Se analizó un total de 134 pacientes. La incidencia global de las vasculitis primarias fue de 11 casos y la prevalencia fue de 21 casos por 100000 pacientes menores de 16 años/año. La vasculitis por IgA correspondió al 62,7%, la EK al 31,3%, el edema hemorrágico del lactante al 2,2%, la PAN al 1,5%, la GPA al 1,5%, y la PAM al 0,8%. Su presentación clínica varió según el tipo de vasculitis. Conclusión: Es importante dar a conocer a la comunidad médica, los datos epidemiológicos y características clínicas de estas patologías a nivel hospitalario, y nacional ya que no necesariamente son semejantes con otras poblaciones.
High Urinary Bisphenol A Levels may be a Risk Factor for Infantile Colic: a case-control study
Authors: Büyükeren Melek , Demir Baver 
Published: December 2024

Objetivo: Investigar la relación entre los cólicos infantiles y los niveles de Bisfenol A (BPA) en orina en lactantes menores de 3 meses. Pacientes y Método: Un grupo de 20 lactantes con diagnóstico reciente de cólico infantil, según criterios ROMA IV, sin tratamiento y un grupo control 33 lactantes sanos fueron evaluados. Se registró la edad gestacional, peso al nacer, edad al momento de la toma de muestra de orina, el aumento de peso diario y el consumo de productos envasados por parte de las madres de los lactantes incluidos en el estudio. Los niveles de BPA en orina fueron medidos con cro- matografía líquida-espectrometría de masa, en muestra aislada de orina. Resultados: El sexo, la edad gestacional promedio, la ruta de parto, el peso al nacer, el peso al momento de la toma de muestra de orina, el aumento de peso diario y el consumo de productos envasados por parte de la madre no presentaron diferencias significativas entre el grupo control y el grupo con cólicos. Los resultados de BPA en orina de los lactantes diagnosticados con cólico infantil (mediana 20,4 μg/g/creatinina; IQR 8,9 a 34,1) fueron significativamente mayores que los resultados de BPA en orina de los lactantes sanos (mediana 9,1 μg/g/creatinina; IQR 4,9 a 16,3) (p < 0,05). El modelo establecido como resultado del análisis de regresión no fue estadísticamente significativo (significancia del modelo: F = 0,861; p = 0,530; R2 = 0,101). Conclusión: La etiología del cólico infantil aún no se comprende bien y se especula que está asociada con una microbiota alterada. Nuestros resultados sugieren que el BPA está asociado con el desarrollo de cólicos infantiles.
Identification Flavonoid of Bougainvillea spectabilis flowers in Nasiriyah by HPLC and Detection Effect of Extract as Antibacterial
Authors: Lafta Salwa , AL-Waheeb Alla N. 
Published: December 2024

Many burn wound infections are caused by bacteria such as Staphylococcus aureus, Staphylococcus epidermis, Klebsiella pneumonia, and Pseudomonas aeruginosa, which can be difficult to treat due to antibiotic resistance. As a result, researchers are exploring complementary therapies, such as medicinal plants. In this investigation, a methanolic extract of Bougainvillea spectabilis flowers was prepared using the maceration method at concentrations ranging from 12,5mg/ml to 200mg/ml. Testing was done on the extract separately for antibacterial properties against each of the four bacteria on the Mueller Hinton Agar medium. Results showed that the extract was particularly effective against Gram-positive bacteria, with the greatest effect seen in S. aureus (22.3 mm). The extract was also tested at varying concentrations of 200 %, 100%, 50%, 25%, and 12.5%. HPLC was used to do a qualitative examination of the chemical composition, indicating variety and richness in the chemical constituents in flavonols and phenolic acid. Based on these findings Bougainvillea spectabilis flowers show promise as a source of compounds for clinical usage.
Chemical Properties of a Water-Eroded Soil Amended with Mixtures of Dunaliella salina and Organic Fertilizers
Authors: Alonso-Flores Dana N. , Lugo-De la Fuente Jorge , Vaca-Paulín Rocio , Del Águila- Juárez Pedro , Yañez-Ocampo Gustavo , De la Portilla-López Nadia 
Published: December 2024

Objective: Evaluar el efecto de la incorporación de Dunaliella salina mezclada con fertilizantes orgánicos en un suelo erosionado hídricamente a través de algunas propiedades químicas, como una alternativa para mitigar los efectos causados por la erosión.
Design/methodology/approach: Se tomaron muestras de suelo erosionado, y este fue adicionando con dos dosis de fertilizante equino (C) y bovino (V) mezclado con D. salina, teniendo los tratamientos: C (control 0.2% de D. salina), Va (70,000 kg ha-1 y 0.2% de D. salina), Vb (35,000 kg ha-1 de abono y 0.2% de D. salina), Ca (70,000 kg ha-1 y 0.2% de D. salina), Cb (35,000 kg/ha-1 y 0.2% de D. salina). Después de la aplicación de cada tratamiento, se analizó materia orgánica, conductividad eléctrica, pH y mineralización de N a los 15, 30 y 45 días.
Results: Los tratamientos con mayor porcentaje de materia orgánica y conductividad eléctrica en todos los tiempos fueron Ca y Va. En los tratamientos Va y Ca, el pH se mantuvo neutro y con los valores más altos respecto a los demás tratamientos a los 15, 30 y 45 días después su incorporación.
Findings/conclusions: El tratamiento Va tuvo el mayor contenido de N desde los 15 días hasta los 45 días. Los resultados sugieren que la aplicación de abono orgánico con D. salina puede compensar los déficits en las propiedades químicas causados por la erosión hídrica.
“Padron de la ciudad de Portovelo hecho por Don Francisco Carrera capitán del batallón fijo Panamá alférez real y alcalde ordinario de esta ciudad y su jurisdicción por su majestad por orden que passó Don Merchor Correa
Authors: Blanco Marimon Michelle 
Published: December 2024

1777, julio, 10. Portovelo
Censo de la ciudad de Portovelo hecho por Francisco Carrera por una orden real para conocer el total de habitantes de la ciudad.
En el marco de las reformas borbónicas y en cumplimiento de una real orden de 1776 que mandó a levantar padrones de las poblaciones del Nuevo Reino de Granada, en julio 10 de 1777 don Francisco Carrera capitán del batallón fijo Panamá alférez real y alcalde ordinario de esta ciudad y su jurisdicción, presentó al gobernador de la provincia de Portobelo los resultados del padrón que adelantó de la totalidad de los habitantes de esta ciudad.
Este censo registra un total de 1858 habitantes, de los cuales 610 son hombres, 681 son mujeres y 567 corresponden a la población de párvulos. En análisis a los datos por distinción de clases, observamos que más del 50% de la población está compuesta por las “gentes de color” (zambos, negros, moreno, cuarterones, quinterones, sexterones, pardos, etc.) y menos del 10% por las personas blancas. Los habitantes de clase Morena ocupan alrededor del 47% del total de la población, siendo el grupo de castas más numeroso en la ciudad para final del periodo colonial; los pardos ocupan alrededor del 27% del total de la población; y los zambos ocupan el 10% de la población, estos valores sin contar cuántos de ellos se encontraban aun en condición de esclavitud, lo que corresponde a que el 84% de la población está conformada por las gentes de color.
Uma análise histórico-literária da metáfora do escravizado nos romances A escrava Isaura e Úrsula
Authors: Anselmo Tavares de Melo Robson 
Published: December 2024

Este artigo se propõe a uma discussão multidisciplinar sobre a metáfora do escravizado nos romances A escrava Isaura, do mineiro Bernardo Guimarães; e, Úrsula, da maranhense Maria Firmina dos Reis. A linguística, a literatura e a história entrelaçam-se contribuindo sobremaneira a partir de sua ótica. Da linguística, advém o conceito de metáfora a partir dos estudos de Roman Jakobson; da literatura, a reflexão a partir do Romantismo e da história, a contextualização e revisionismo dos fatos pró abolicionismo. Ademais, vale salientar que insertos no movimento literário Romantismo, os romances em questão possuem posturas díspares no que concerne a tessitura do escravizado.
Palavras-chave: Metáfora. Escravizado. Escrava Isaura. Úrsula. Multidisciplinar.
O Regional do Movimento Regionalista de 1926 em Recife-Pernambuco
Authors: Loureiro Medeiros Marina , Dutra Gomes Rodrigo 
Published: December 2024

O trabalho em questão busca entender como os aspectos de identidade, histórico, geográfico e social do conceito Regional, introduzido por Freyre em 1926, dominaram grande parte dos escritos intelectuais nordestinos durante os anos 1930 até quase os anos 1950. Para isto, aprofundou-se nas origens e características do grupo regionalista do Nordeste, que culminaram na semana regionalista de 1926 e desdobraram nos debates pelos grupos modernistas brasileiros, influenciando posteriormente a esfera acadêmica, artística e arquitetônica na região. Dessa forma, com o suporte do método de análise contextual de Berdoulay (2010), associados às documentações de acervos documentais e iconográfico da Fundaj, IEB e da Hemeroteca Nacional, o presente artigo sintetiza a profundidade dessa influência Regional resgatando a sua contribuição presente em nossas vivências histórico e espacial atual.
Palavras-chave: O Regional. Movimento Regionalista 1926. Desdobramentos Acadêmicos.
Determination of the structure of a new potentially active pharmaceutical substance
Authors: Sotnikova T. V. , Strelova O. Yu. , Sanaeva E. P. , Kolesnik D. A. , Yakovlev I. P. 
Published: December 2024

Introduction. The development of methods for analyzing new potentially active pharmaceutical substances is an important part of substance standardization. An integrated approach to confirming the structure of a substance is especially important when the substance may exist in different tautomeric forms, since the properties of the substance may change depending on tautomerism, affecting, among other things, the pharmacological activity.Aim. The aim of our study was to determine the tautomeric composition of the potential active pharmaceutical substance 5-butyl-6-hydroxy-2,3-diphenylpyrimidin-4(3H)-one in solid state and solution for the subsequent development of its dosage form and determination of bioavailability.Material and methods. The object of the study was the substance 5-butyl-6-hydroxy-2,3-diphenylpyrimidin-4(3H)-one. Spectra were taken to confirm the structure: infrared on a PerkinElmer Spectrum 3 device (PerkinElmer Inc., USA) in the frequency range from 4000 to 400 cm–1, nuclear magnetic resonance 1H and 13C on a pulsed broadband spectrometer Bruker AM-500 (400 and 100 MHz) (Bruker, Germany) in DMSO-d6 solvent, ultraviolet using SF-2000 (LLC "OKB Spektr", Russia) in the wavelength range of 250–400 nm, and high-performance liquid chromatography with tandem mass spectrometry (HPLC-MS/MS) was also carried out.Results and discussion. A feature of pyrimidine hydroxy derivatives is the presence of tautomeric forms, which can affect both the physicochemical properties of the substance and its pharmacological activity. The study found that in the solid state, 5-butyl-6-hydroxy-2,3-diphenylpyrimidin-4(3H)-one is in equilibrium between the diketo form and the enol form, and when the substance is dissolved in dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO), the enol form is predominant. The purity was confirmed by HPLC-MS/MS.Conclusion. The structure of 5-butyl-6-hydroxy-2,3-diphenylpyrimidin-4(3H)-one was confirmed by IR and NMR spectroscopy. UV spectra were obtained, and HPLC-MS/MS was performed to exclude possible absorption of ultraviolet radiation by impurities.