bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Light‐Induced Surface Modification of Natural Plant Microparticles: Toward Colloidal Science and Cellular Adhesion Applications
Authors: Tan Ee‐Lin , Potroz Michael G. , Ferracci Gaia , Jackman Joshua A. , Jung Haram , Wang Lili , Cho Nam‐Joon 
Published: March 2018

AbstractPlaying an instrumental role in the life of plants, pollen microparticles are one of the most fascinating biological materials in existence, with abundant and renewable supply, ultrahigh durability, and unique, species‐specific architectural features. Aside from their biological role, pollen microparticles also demonstrate broad utility as functional materials for drug delivery and microencapsulation, and increasingly for emulsion‐type applications. As natural pollen microparticles are predominantly hydrophobic, developing robust surface functionalization strategies to increase surface hydrophilicity would increase the range of colloidal science applications, including opening the door to interfacing microparticles with biological cells. This research investigates the extraction and light‐induced surface modification of discrete pollen microparticles from bee‐collected pollen granules toward achieving functional control over the responses elicited from discrete particles in colloidal science and cellular applications. Ultraviolet–ozone treatment is shown to increase the proportion of surface elemental oxygen and ketones, leading to increased surface hydrophilicity, enhanced particle dispersibility, tunable control over Pickering emulsion characteristics, and enhanced cellular adhesion. In summary, the findings demonstrate that light‐induced surface modification improves the functional properties of pollen microparticles, and such insights also have broad implications across materials science and environmental science applications.
Strong Depletion in Hybrid Perovskite p–n Junctions Induced by Local Electronic Doping
Authors: Ou Qingdong , Zhang Yupeng , Wang Ziyu , Yuwono Jodie A. , Wang Rongbin , Dai Zhigao , Li Wei , Zheng Changxi , Xu Zai‐Quan , Qi Xiang , Duhm Steffen , Medhekar Nikhil V. , Zhang Han , Bao Qiaoliang 
Published: March 2018

AbstractA semiconductor p–n junction typically has a doping‐induced carrier depletion region, where the doping level positively correlates with the built‐in potential and negatively correlates with the depletion layer width. In conventional bulk and atomically thin junctions, this correlation challenges the synergy of the internal field and its spatial extent in carrier generation/transport. Organic–inorganic hybrid perovskites, a class of crystalline ionic semiconductors, are promising alternatives because of their direct badgap, long diffusion length, and large dielectric constant. Here, strong depletion in a lateral p–n junction induced by local electronic doping at the surface of individual CH3NH3PbI3 perovskite nanosheets is reported. Unlike conventional surface doping with a weak van der Waals adsorption, covalent bonding and hydrogen bonding between a MoO3 dopant and the perovskite are theoretically predicted and experimentally verified. The strong hybridization‐induced electronic coupling leads to an enhanced built‐in electric field. The large electric permittivity arising from the ionic polarizability further contributes to the formation of an unusually broad depletion region up to 10 µm in the junction. Under visible optical excitation without electrical bias, the lateral diode demonstrates unprecedented photovoltaic conversion with an external quantum efficiency of 3.93% and a photodetection responsivity of 1.42 A W−1.
Intramolecular (4+3) Cycloadditions of Pyrroles and Application to the Synthesis of the Core of Class II Galbulimima Alkaloids
Authors: He Jiayun , Chen Zhihua , Li Wenfei , Low Kam‐Hung , Chiu Pauline 
Published: March 2018

AbstractThe first intramolecular (4+3) cycloaddition of pyrroles with epoxy enolsilanes as the electrophiles was developed and used to generate optically‐enriched cycloadducts containing the nortropane substructure in good yields. Using this pyrrole cycloaddition as the key step, we achieved the asymmetric synthesis of a nortropane compound bearing the BCDEF ring structure common to the Class II galbulimima alkaloids.
Radical Anions from Urea‐type Carbonyls: Radical Cyclizations and Cyclization Cascades
Authors: Huang Huan‐Ming , McDouall Joseph J. W. , Procter David J. 
Published: March 2018

AbstractRadical anions generated from urea carbonyls by reductive electron transfer are exploited in carbon–carbon bond formation. New radical cyclizations of urea radical anions deliver complex nitrogen heterocycles and, depending upon the proton source used in the reactions, a chemoselective switch between reaction pathways can deliver two heterobicyclic scaffolds. A computational study has been used to investigate the selectivity of the urea radical processes. Furthermore, radical cyclization cascades involving urea radical anions deliver unusual spirocyclic aminal architectures.
Heterobimetallic Catalysis: Platinum‐Gold‐Catalyzed Tandem Cyclization/C−X Coupling Reaction of (Hetero)Arylallenes with Nucleophiles
Authors: Alonso José Miguel , Muñoz María Paz 
Published: March 2018

AbstractHeterobimetallic catalysis offers new opportunities for reactivity and selectivity but still presents challenges, and only a few metal combinations have been explored so far. Reported here is a Pt‐Au heterobimetallic catalyst system for the synthesis of a family of multi‐heteroaromatic structures through tandem cyclization/C−X coupling reaction. Au‐catalyzed 6‐endo‐cyclization takes place as the first fast step. Pt‐Au clusters are proposed to be responsible for the increased reactivity in the second step, that is, the intermolecular nucleophilic addition which occurs through an outer‐sphere mechanism by hybrid homogeneous‐heterogeneous catalysis.
A Cooperative Pillar–Template Strategy as a Generalized Synthetic Method for Flexible Homochiral Porous Frameworks
Authors: Jin Jing , Zhao Xiang , Feng Pingyun , Bu Xianhui 
Published: March 2018

AbstractA new strategy for creating homochiral metal–organic frameworks through a fusion of pillaring and templating concepts is demonstrated. This strategy makes use of the synergy among various chemical interactions during self‐assembly processes, and leads to the synthesis of a series of homochiral frameworks. In the presence of only pillar‐to‐pillar π–π interactions, inter‐pillar forces compete against metal–pillar interactions, resulting in mismatch between pillar‐to‐pillar and metal‐to‐metal separations and consequently 2D materials without pillaring. To create 3D materials, a method was developed to use various aromatic molecules, polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in particular, as templates to modulate the inter‐pillar interaction and separation, leading to the formation of 3D homochiral frameworks. The use of aromatic molecules, especially hydrocarbons, as structure‐directing agents, represents a new approach in the development of crystalline porous materials. Aromatic templates can be post‐synthetically extracted to yield flexible porous homochiral materials with gate‐opening gas sorption behaviors for both N2 and CO2 at partial pressures tunable by temperature.
CO2‐Fixierung und Spaltung durch unpolare Mehrfachbindungen
Authors: Stoy Andreas , Böhnke Julian , Jiménez‐Halla J. Oscar C. , Dewhurst Rian D. , Thiess Torsten , Braunschweig Holger 
Published: March 2018

AbstractDie Reaktion zweier verschiedener Bor‐Bor‐Mehrfachbindungssysteme mit CO2 bei Atmosphärendruck und Raumtemperatur führte zum Einbau von einem oder zwei Molekülen CO2. Durch strukturelle Charakterisierung einer thermisch labilen Zwischenstufe konnte bei einer dieser Umsetzungen eine [2+2]‐Cycloaddition als Schlüsselschritt des Reaktionsmechanismus ausgemacht werden.
2‐Hydroxybenzophenone as a Chemical Auxiliary for the Activation of Ketiminoesters for Highly Enantioselective Addition to Nitroalkenes under Bifunctional Catalysis
Authors: Guerrero‐Corella Andrea , Esteban Francisco , Iniesta Manuel , Martín‐Somer Ana , Parra Mario , Díaz‐Tendero Sergio , Fraile Alberto , Alemán Jose 
Published: March 2018

AbstractAn organocatalytic system is presented for the Michael addition of monoactivated glycine ketimine ylides with a bifunctional catalyst. The ketimine bears an ortho hydroxy group, which increases the acidity of the methylene hydrogen atoms and enhances the reactivity, thus allowing the synthesis of a large variety of α,γ‐diamino acid derivatives with excellent stereoselectivity.
Another dolphin in peril? Photo‐identification, occurrence, and distribution of the endangered Indian Ocean humpback dolphin (Sousa plumbea) in Algoa Bay
Authors: Bouveroux Thibaut , Melly Brigitte , McGregor Gillian , Plön Stephanie 
Published: March 2018

Abstract

In South Africa, the humpback dolphin (Sousa plumbea) has been recognized as the most endangered marine mammal, with a low abundance, a discontinuous distribution, and numerous threats. This research was initiated in 2008 to estimate the number of individual humpback dolphins in Algoa Bay, as well as studying their residency patterns and distribution.
The last boat‐based study on humpback dolphins, conducted 24 years ago, formed an important reference against which to compare current findings. This study reveals that since the 1990s the number of identified animals decreased from 70 to 50 individuals, and the mean group size of humpback dolphins has also decreased, from seven to three animals.
Humpback dolphin behaviour was predominantly that of foraging and travelling, although the overall frequency of foraging still seems to have decreased since early 1990s.
Although the species was seen almost all year round, the number of sightings per survey was lowest in January, March, and April. The number of sightings per kilometre surveyed substantially decreased from 0.018 sightings per kilometre in 2008 to 0.004 in 2011, and the number of animals per kilometre also decreased from 0.042 to 0.009. The re‐sighting rates were low, ranging from one to eight times, with 52% of identified dolphins seen only once throughout the study period. Only 6% of the individuals were seen more than three times.
Reduced humpback dolphin numbers and sighting rates could be indicative of the rise in anthropogenic activities, such as shipping and recreational boating, as well as a rise in pollution from vessels and urban development.
Conservation strategies, such as a Biodiversity Management Plan for the species, are urgently needed in Algoa Bay, especially in the south‐west part of the bay, between Cape Recife and the Port Elizabeth Harbour, where the species occurs most frequently.
Technoeconomic analysis of Jatropha curcas integral valorization
Authors: Sánchez Marcos , Marchetti Jorge Mario , Martínez Mercedes , Aracil José 
Published: March 2018

AbstractIn this paper, the technoeconomical assessment of a Jatropha curcas plant was conducted, taking into account three different raw materials from Jatropha curcas in an integral valorization process: crude oil, seed shell, and de‐oiled seed cake. In this way, all the solid waste produced after the extraction process could be pelletized and exploited in a biodiesel plant generating electricity, greatly improving the overall process economically and environmentally. Crude oil can also be transformed to biodiesel through a simultaneous esterification‐transesterification of a mixture of free fatty acids and triglycerides using bioethanol with a 5% water content and a heterogeneous catalyst.The economic sensitivity analysis was carried out using two different parameters that determine the profitability of the process: the internal rate of return (IRR) and the payback time. On one hand, the variable that has the highest impact over the process is the electricity price because it is the main source of revenue in the plant; on the other hand, the variable with the lowest impact on the process is the bioethanol price because of the high ratio proposed (20 : 1) and because over 80% of this alcohol is recycled at the beginning of the process. © 2018 Society of Chemical Industry and John Wiley & Sons, Ltd
Solid‐phase extraction based on amino‐functionalized graphene oxide nanocomposites for analysis of short‐chain perfluorinated alkyl acids in human serum by ion chromatography mass spectrometry
Authors: Zhong Zhixiong , Li Gongke , Guo Lingchuan , Yao Jing , Liu Zhe , Deng Jianchao 
Published: March 2018

AbstractA highly sensitive method was developed for the analysis of short‐chain perfluorinated alkyl acids (PFAAs) in serum samples using solid‐phase extraction (SPE) coupled with ion chromatography–electrospray ionization–mass spectrometry. The synthesized amino‐functionalized graphene oxide nanocomposites were used as an SPE sorbent for the enrichment of trace analytes and purification of samples. They exhibited high selectivity to polar compounds. The suppressor was employed to remove counterions and reduce background signals of mobile phase. These two crucial steps could effectively eliminate matrix effects and enhance analytical sensitivity. The lowest limits of quantification were 2.0 μg L−1 for perfluorobutanoic acid and perfluorovaleric acid, 1.0 μg L−1 for perfluorocaproic acid and 0.50 μg L−1 for perfluorobutane sulfonic acid, respectively. The procedure was successfully applied for determination of trace PFAAs in 25 serum samples. Mean recoveries ranged from 86.3 to 101.4% with relative standard deviations of 1.6–6.8%. The method allowed an excellent separation and quantification of short‐chain PFAAs that were difficult to analyze by conventional chromatography.
Circular economy in corporate sustainability strategies: A review of corporate sustainability reports in the fast‐moving consumer goods sector
Authors: Stewart Raphaëlle , Niero Monia 
Published: March 2018

AbstractDespite the increasing interest of business and academic research toward Circular Economy, the investigation of its uptake by industry remains limited. To contribute to filling this gap, we perform a systematic review of 46 corporate sustainability reports in the Fast‐Moving Consumer Goods sector aiming to explore how companies incorporate the Circular Economy concept in their sustainability agenda. We focus on (i) companies’ uptake of Circular Economy, (ii) the relationship between Circular Economy and sustainability and (iii) the Circular Economy practices presented. Our results show that Circular Economy has started to be integrated into the corporate sustainability agenda. Most reported activities are oriented toward the main product and packaging, focusing on end‐of‐life management and sourcing strategies, and to a lesser extent on circular product design and business model strategies. Most identified collaborations are with businesses, whereas initiatives addressing consumers are largely missing although considered critical for the transition toward Circular Economy.
Mitochondrial Acetyl‐CoA Synthetase 3 is Biosignature of Gastric Cancer Progression
Authors: Chang Wei‐Chun , Cheng Wei‐Chung , Cheng Bi‐Hua , Chen Lumin , Ju Li‐Jing , Ou Yu‐Jer , Jeng Long‐Bin , Yang Mei‐Due , Hung Yao‐Ching , Ma Wen‐Lung 
Published: March 2018

AbstractCholesterol affects cancer progression, and acetyl‐CoA is the primary cholesterogenesis substrate. The previous work has defined cholesterol bioflux via lipoprotein/receptor route is the gastric cancer (GCa) prognosis biosignature. The prognosis importance of acetyl‐CoA to cholesterogenesis (mevalonate pathway) in GCa is yet to be defined. Using Kaplan–Meier Plotter web‐based gene survival analyzer and The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA)‐database analyzed with DBdriver.v2 platform, we revealed acetyl‐CoA production and the mevalonate pathway are associated with GCa prognosis. We found mitochondrial‐derived acetyl‐CoA contributing enzymes (acyl‐coA synthetase super‐family 3; ACSS3) is the GCa progression confounder. Interestingly, it is not HMGCR (the committee enzyme of mevalonate pathway), but lower mevalonate pathway enzymes (e.g., MVK, LSS, DHCR14A1, SC4MOL, HSD17B7, SC5D) promote GCa patients 5‐years overall survival in a differential level. Advanced analyses found ACSS3 is prognosis biosignatures for multiple GCa disease conditions. This report uncovered a higher expression of ACSS3 in tumor comparing to normal parental lesions, which implicates a targeting value for GCa therapy. While knockdown ACSS3 could suppress growth and invasion of GCa cells, of which even more impactful under starvation condition. This is the first report, surprisingly, revealed ACSS3 as important cancer prognosis biomarker. Targeting ACSS3 could be a novel therapeutic strategy for cancer, in this case, GCa.
Increased expression of miR‐641 contributes to erlotinib resistance in non‐small‐cell lung cancer cells by targeting NF1
Authors: Chen Juan , Cui Jie‐da , Guo Xiao‐tong , Cao Xia , Li Qing 
Published: March 2018

AbstractEpidermal growth receptor (EGFR)‐targeted tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs) have emerged as first‐line drugs for advanced non‐small‐cell lung cancer (NSCLC) patients with EFGR mutations. However, most patients with NSCLC show acquired resistance to EGFR‐TKIs, and low expression of NF1 is a mechanism of EGFR‐TKI resistance in lung cancer. However, the mechanism by which NF1 is downregulated in EGFR‐TKI‐resistant NSCLC is unclear. Here, we found the increased expression of miR‐641 in NSCLC cells and human NSCLC samples with resistance to TKI compared to those with sensitive to TKI. In addition, our in vitro experiments show that overexpression of miR‐641 induces TKI resistance in NSCLC cells. Furthermore, we identified that miR‐641 activates ERK signaling by direct targeting of neurofibromatosis 1 (NF1) in NSCLC cells. Our data show that overexpression of NF1 or silencing of ERK can block miR‐641‐induced resistance of NSCLC cells to erlotinib treatment. Importantly, our animal experiments show that combination of miR‐641 inhibition and erlotinib treatment can significantly inhibit erlotinib‐resistant NSCLC growth, inhibit proliferation and induce apoptosis compared to single‐drug treatment. Our findings suggest that increased expression of miR‐641 significantly contributes to erlotinib resistance development in NSCLC cells through activating ERK signaling by targeting NF1 and that inhibition of miR‐641 may reverse acquired resistance of NSCLC cells to erlotinib treatment.
New Lignans from the Flower of Forsythia koreana and Their Suppression Effect on VCAM‐1 Expression in MOVAS Cells
Authors: Lee Yeong‐Geun , Jang Seon‐A , Seo Kyeong‐Hwa , Gwag Jung Eun , Kim Hyoung‐Geun , Ko Jung‐Hwan , Ji So‐Ae , Kang Se‐Chan , Lee Dae Young , Baek Nam‐In 
Published: March 2018

Six lignans including two new lignans were obtained as the principal components of the Forsythia koreana flowers via silica gel (SiO2), octadecyl SiO2 (ODS) as well as Sephadex LH‐20 column chromatography. In addition to two new lignans, named koreanaside A ((7R,8S,7′R,8′S)‐7,7′‐diepoxy‐5′‐hydroxy‐3,3′‐dimethoxylignan 4‐O‐β‐d‐glucopyranoside) and koreanaside B ((7R,8S,7′S,8′R)‐7,9′‐epoxy‐9,5′,7′‐trihydroxy‐3,3′‐dimethoxylignan 4‐O‐β‐d‐glucopyranoside), four known lignans were identified to be (+)‐phylligenin, (−)‐epipinoresinol, pinoresinol, and tinosposide A. The structures and absolute configurations of koreanasides A and B were established by means of analysis of spectroscopic data (NMR, IR, FAB‐MS, and CD), whereas the structures of known lignans were identified by comparison their NMR and MS values with those in the reported literature. Their chemical structures including configuration were established by means of analysis of spectroscopic data (NMR, IR, FAB‐MS, and CD) but also comparison of their NMR and MS values with those in the reported literature. This is the first article for isolation of six lignans of F. koreana flowers. Koreanasides A and B showed high radical scavenging activity with oxygen radical absorbance capacity (ORAC) values of 0.97 ± 0.01 and 1.02 ± 0.01, respectively. Koreanaside A also prohibited expressing VCAM‐1 in MOVAS cells with 80.5% at 25 mg/mL.
Cobalt‐Iron‐Manganese Catalysts for the Conversion of End‐of‐Life‐Tire‐Derived Syngas into Light Terminal Olefins
Authors: Falkenhagen Jan P. , Maisonneuve Lise , Paalanen Pasi P. , Coste Nathalie , Malicki Nicolas , Weckhuysen Bert M. 
Published: March 2018

AbstractCo‐Fe‐Mn/γ‐Al2O3 Fischer–Tropsch synthesis (FTS) catalysts were synthesized, characterized and tested for CO hydrogenation, mimicking end‐of‐life‐tire (ELT)‐derived syngas. It was found that an increase of C2‐C4 olefin selectivities to 49 % could be reached for 5 wt % Co, 5 wt % Fe, 2.5 wt % Mn/γ‐Al2O3 with Na at ambient pressure. Furthermore, by using a 5 wt % Co, 5 wt % Fe, 2.5 wt % Mn, 1.2 wt % Na, 0.03 wt % S/γ‐Al2O3 catalyst the selectivity towards the fractions of C5+ and CH4 could be reduced, whereas the selectivity towards the fraction of C4 olefins could be improved to 12.6 % at 10 bar. Moreover, the Na/S ratio influences the ratio of terminal to internal olefins observed as products, that is, a high Na loading prevents the isomerization of primary olefins, which is unwanted if 1,3‐butadiene is the target product. Thus, by fine‐tuning the addition of promoter elements the volume of waste streams that need to be recycled, treated or upgraded during ELT syngas processing could be reduced. The most promising catalyst (5 wt % Co, 5 wt % Fe, 2.5 wt % Mn, 1.2 wt % Na, 0.03 wt % S/γ‐Al2O3) has been investigated using operando transmission X‐ray microscopy (TXM) and X‐ray diffraction (XRD). It was found that a cobalt‐iron alloy was formed, whereas manganese remained in its oxidic phase.
Comparative Photothermal Performance among Various Sub‐Stoichiometric 2D Oxygen‐Deficient Molybdenum Oxide Nanoflakes and In Vivo Toxicity
Authors: Pandey Sunil , Sharma Krishna Hari , Sharma Amit Kumar , Nerthigan Yowan , Hang Da‐Ren , Wu Hui‐Fen 
Published: March 2018

AbstractThe present study deals with photothermal therapy of solid tumors using different forms of oxygen‐deficient sub‐stoichiometric two‐dimensional (2D) molybdenum oxide nanoflakes (α‐MoO3−x). Upon exfoliation of molybdenum oxide power using fine gridding followed by ultrasonication, bluish green molybdenum oxide (BG α‐MoO3) was obtained. Oxygen vacancies in BG were generated upon irradiation with an intense xenon lamp. Irradiating the BG for 3 and 5 h, deep blue (B) and olive green (G) oxygen‐deficient nanoflakes were obtained respectively. All exhibited high NIR absorption, making these nanomaterials suitable for photothermal therapy. All three forms were functionalized with polypyrrole (PPy@BG, PPy@B, PPy@G) to boost the photothermal stability and transduction efficiency. After functionalization and irradiation with 808 nm laser, the enhancement of temperature for BG, B, G was 50, 65, 52 °C respectively and the corresponding photothermal transduction efficiencies (PTE) were 29.32, 44.42 and 42.00 %. Each of the nanoflakes were found to be highly biocompatible and photostable both in vitro and in vivo. There was substantial decrease in the size of tumors after seven days of treatment on tumor‐bearing experimental mice models.