bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Comparison of the results of surgical treatment using various types of access in patients with prostate cancer: oncological, functional, and financial effectiveness
Authors: Nyushko K. M. , Perepukhov V. M. , Alekseev B. Ya. , Apolikhin O. I. , Kaprin A. D. , Sivkov A. V. , Koryakin A. V. , Aleshin V. P. 
Published: November 2024

Prostate cancer is a very important problem in modern urologic oncology. The reason for this is a steady increase of morbidity and mortality in Russia and worldwide. Surgical treatment and hormonal/radiation therapy combination are the golden standard of radical therapy in patients with local and locally advanced prostate cancer. Vast experience has been accumulated worldwide in radical prostatectomy using various types of access: open retropubic, perineal, laparoscopic, and robot-assisted. Many studies focused on finding advantages of using minimally invasive access for this surgery, but the results are quite contradictory.The article presents a systematic review of literature data, evaluation of the effectiveness of each access in radical prostatectomy in patients with prostate cancer.
Results of treatment of patients 75 years or older with non-metastatic prostate cancer in real clinical practice
Authors: Volkova M. I. , Al-Akel I. S. , Gridneva Ya. V. , Ryabinin R. I. , Pokataev I. A. 
Published: November 2024

Aim. To evaluate the results of radical surgical treatment and radiotherapy in patients with non-metastatic prostate cancer at age ≥75 years.Materials and methods. The retrospective study included data from 151 patients ≥75 years with verified non-metastatic prostate cancer who underwent radical prostatectomy (RP) or external beam radiotherapy (EBRT). Median age was 81.0 (75.0–97.0) years. Median Charlson comorbidity index was 7 (4–12). Median baseline prostate specific antigen (PSA) level was 11.0 (1.8–172.0) ng/mL. Prostatic adenocarcinoma was verified (ISUP grade 4–5 – 30 (19.9 %)) in all patients. сТ category was сТ3–4 in 37 (24.5 %), cN1 category was diagnosed in 10 (6.6 %) patients. The groups of unfavorable intermediate, high and very high risk included 93 (61.6 %) patients. Radical treatmentwas performed in all cases: RP in 38 (25.2 %), EBRT in 113 (74.8 %) patients (109 (72.2 %) men completed EBRT). Adjuvant treatment was administered in 8 (21.1 %) patients who underwent surgery. In the EBRT group neoadjuvant androgen-deprivation therapy (ADT) was administered in 74 (65.5 %), adjuvant ADT in 79 (70.0 %) cases. Treatment groups were matched by the main characteristics (р >0.05 for all) excluding lower baseline PSA in the RP group (р = 0.013). Median follow-up was 46.2 (1.5–234.2) months for all patients.Results. RP complications were registered in 3 (7.8 %), EBRT complications – in 7 (6.2 %) patients. No serious or lethal adverse event was observed. Recurrences were diagnosed in 9 (23.7 %) patients after surgery and in 26 (23.9 %) of 109 patients who completed EBRT. In the total study population, 4-year recurrence-free, cancer-specific, overall, and cardiac-specific survival rates were 74.5; 96.3; 91.2 and 90.8 %, respectively. The only factor significantly decreasing overall survival was Charlson comorbidity index ³8 (р = 0.05). Significant decrease of recurrence-free survival was observed in the surgery group compared to the EBRT group (р = 0.032). It did not translate into decreased cancerspecific and overall survival (р >0.05 for all). There was no significant difference in cardiac-specific survival between the groups (р = 0.626). Significant unfavorable prognostic factors of recurrence-free survival in the EBRT group included сN1 category (р = 0.045), very high risk (р = 0.049), and EBRT dose.Conclusion. RP and EBRT in elderly patients with non-metastatic prostate cancer receiving treatment in real clinical practice have acceptable safety profile and provide effectiveness comparable to the historical data on patients not sampled by age. The optimal candidates for radical treatment are men with Charlson comorbidity index <8.
Side effects and complications of high dose-rate brachytherapy: literature review and our own observations
Authors: Shchukina E. O. , Biryukov V. A. , Karyakin O. B. , Ivanov S. А. 
Published: November 2024

Background. Among malignant tumors in men in Russia, prostate cancer is the most common comprising 17 %. Despite the high effectiveness of radiotherapy for prostate cancer in about 20 % of patients, radiation damage of the pelvic organs develops affecting bladder, rectum, and intrapelvic cellular tissue.Aim. To evaluate early and late complications of high dose-rate brachytherapy.Materials and methods. Literature review was performed, and our own results of treatment of 276 patients using high dose-rate brachytherapy as monotherapy with different fractionation regimens: 19 Gy per 1 fraction and 15 Gy per 2 fractions were analyzed.Results. High dose-rate brachytherapy as monotherapy is associated with low complication rate. There were no statistically significant differences between singleand two-fraction regimens. Evaluation of complication severity per the RTOG (Radiation Therapy Oncology Group) classification did not show complication severity above grade III. Early complications were diagnosed in 1.1 %, late in 3.3 % of cases. Between the treatment and comparison groups, no statistically significant differences in the frequency of urinary system organ symptoms per the IPSS (International Prostate Symptom Score) questionnaire were registered. Mean score per the IPSS prior to treatment was 4.0 (3.0–6.0) in the treatment group and 4.0 (3.0–8.5) in the comparison group. Mean follow-up duration in the treatment group was 65.0 (60.0–70.0) months, in the comparison group – 55.0 (49.5–65.0) months. After the treatment, mean IPSS score was 5.0 (4.0–5.0) in the treatment group and 5.0 (3.0–7.0) in the comparison group.Conclusion. High dose-rate brachytherapy as monotherapy and in combination with external beam therapy is a safe and effective treatment method in prostate cancer. Serious and late complications are rare, however toxic effects of severity grades I or II can develop. Careful patient selection for brachytherapy, therapy planning methods, as well as active management of early and late toxicity by a multidisciplinary team with knowledge and experience in treatment of side effects of radiotherapy can help optimize treatment with high dose-rate brachytherapy.
Estimation of 223Ra in a sewage system of hospital during radiopharmaceutical therapy with 223Ra dichloride (Xofigo®)
Authors: Chipiga L. A. , Petryakova A. V. , Vodovatov A. V. , Saprykin K. S. , Vazhenina D. A. , Stanzhevskiy A. A. , Maystrenko D. N. 
Published: November 2024

Background. Radiopharmaceutical therapy with 223Ra dichloride (Xofigo®) is an effective method of treatment of bone metastases in patients with metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer. Increased number of radiopharmaceutical therapy procedures with 223Ra requires revision and update of the existing requirements to ensure radiation safety. Current problems in terms of radiation safety during radiopharmaceutical therapy are assessment of radiopharmaceutical excretion from a patient body and radionuclide activity in patient biological waste.Aim. To estimate the activity of 223Ra excreted from a patient body at hospital (during the first hours after radiopharmaceutical administration) and activity concentration in the sewage water of the hospital during radiopharmaceutical therapy with 223Ra dichloride (Xofigo®).Materials and methods. Eleven male patients with metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer undergoing radiopharmaceutical therapy with 223Ra dichloride were included in the study. Each micturition from patients in four hours had been sampled, and the samples were prepared to measure activity of 223Ra in the urine. The urine sample residue was flushed down a dedicated patient toilet in the Department of Radionuclide Diagnosis and Therapy. Sewage water sampling was performed at three points (at three manholes) of the hospital. The 223Ra activity in urine and sewage water samples was measured using a gamma semiconductor spectrometer.Results. All urine samples exceeded the threshold value of 223Ra activity concentration and were considered liquid radioactive waste. The activity concentration of 223Ra in the sewage water close to the Department of Radionuclide Diagnosis and Therapy building, and at the point where the sewage water from the building merged with the water from and the nearest building exceeded the threshold value. The activity concentration of 223Ra decreased with increasing sewage water flow in the sewage system, and in the output from the entire hospital the activity concentration in the sewage water samples was below the threshold value.Conclusion. The results of this work show dilution of patient biological waste and reduction of 223Ra activity concentration in the sewage system of a large hospital, which suggest that patient biological waste after radiopharmaceutical therapy with 223Ra dichloride could be disposed directly into the sewage system and a differentiated approach to patient waste management after radiopharmaceutical therapy with 223Ra dichloride could be applied.
Generation and characterization of two induced pluripotent stem cell lines (ICGi052-A and ICGi052-B) from a patient with frontotemporal dementia with parkinsonism-17 associated with the pathological variant c.2013T>G in the MAPT gene
Authors: Grigor’eva E. V. , Malakhova A. A. , Yarkova E. S. , Minina J. M. , Vyatkin Y. V. , Nadtochy J. A. , Khabarova E. A. , Rzaev J. A. , Medvedev S. P. , Zakian S. M. 
Published: November 2024

Frontotemporal dementia with parkinsonism-17 is a neurodegenerative disease characterised by pathological aggregation of the tau protein with the formation of neurofibrillary tangles and subsequent neuronal death. The inherited form of frontotemporal dementia can be caused by mutations in several genes, including the MAPT gene on chromosome 17, which encodes the tau protein. As there are currently no medically approved treatments for frontotemporal dementia, there is an urgent need for research using in vitro cell models to understand the molecular genetic mechanisms that lead to the development of the disease, to identify targets for therapeutic intervention and to test potential drugs to prevent neuronal death. Analysis of exome sequencing data from a 46-year-old patient with a clinical diagnosis of Parkinson’s disease revealed the presence of the pathological variant c.2013T>G (rs63750756) in the MAPT gene, which is associated with frontotemporal dementia with parkinsonism-17. By reprogramming the patient’s peripheral blood mononuclear cells, we obtained induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs). Two iPSC lines were characterised in detail. Reprogramming was performed by transfection with non-integrating episomal vectors expressing the OCT4, SOX2, KLF4, LIN28, L-MYC and mp53DD proteins. The iPSC lines ICGi052-A and ICGi052-B proliferate stably, form colonies with a morphology characteristic of human pluripotent cells, have a normal diploid karyotype (46,XX), express endogenous alkaline phosphatase and pluripotency markers (OCT4, NANOG, SSEA-4 and TRA-1-60) and are able to differentiate into derivatives of three germ layers: ento-, ecto- and mesoderm. The iPSC lines obtained and characterised in detail in this work represent a unique tool for studying the molecular genetic mechanisms of the pathogenesis of frontotemporal dementia with parkinsonism-17, as well as for testing potential drugs in vitro.
Comparative analysis of the primary structure and production of recombinant poly(ADP-ribose)polymerase 1 of long-lived Heterocephalus glaber
Authors: Naumenko K. N. , Nurislamov A. R. , Nazarov K. D. , Fishman V. S. , Popov A. A. , Petruseva I. O. , Evdokimov A. N. , Lavrik O. I. 
Published: November 2024

DNA repair is a most important cellular process that helps maintain the integrity of the genome and is currently considered by researchers as one of the factors determining the maximum lifespan. The central regulator of the DNA repair process is the enzyme poly(ADP-ribose)polymerase 1 (PARP1). PARP1 catalyzes the synthesis of poly(ADPribose) polymer (PAR) upon DNA damage using nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD+) as a substrate. This polymer covalently attaches to PARP1, which leads to its dissociation from the complex with damaged DNA and stimulation of the repair process. Despite intensive research on PARP1, its properties as an isolated protein have not been practically studied in mammals that demonstrate a long maximum lifespan, such as, for example, the naked mole rat (Heterocephalus glaber). High activity of DNA repair systems is observed in the cells of the naked mole rat, which ensures their high resistance to oxidative stress, as well as to genotoxic effects. The revealed features may be due to the high activity of PARP1 in the cells of the naked mole rat; however, this issue remains poorly understood and, thus, requires more detailed research, including one with the use of isolated protein PARP1 of the naked mole rat, the isolation and characterization of which have not been carried out before. In the present work, the amino acid sequence of PARP1 of the naked mole rat is compared with the amino acid sequences of orthologous proteins of other mammals. In contrast to human PARP1, 13 evolutionarily conservative amino acid substitutions in various functional domains of the protein have been identified in the amino acid sequence of naked mole rat PARP1. Using the cDNA of the naked mole rat’s Parp1 gene, a vector was created for the expression of the target protein in Escherichia coli cell culture. For the first time, a detailed description of the procedure for the expression and purification of the recombinant protein PARP1 of the long-lived naked mole rat is presented. In addition, poly(ADP-ribose)polymerase activity of the obtained protein was evaluated. The results presented in this paper are the basis for further detailed characterization of the properties of purified recombinant naked mole rat PARP1.
Polymorphic variants of the genes for enzymes of the antioxidant system, apoptosis and inflammation as potential predictors of myocardial infarction
Authors: Nasibullin T. R. , Erdman V. V. , Timasheva Y. R. , Tuktarova I. A. , Petinseva A. A. , Korytina G. F. 
Published: November 2024

Myocardial infarction (MI) is a multifactorial polygenic disease that develops as a result of a complex interaction of numerous genetic factors and the external environment. Accordingly, the contribution of each of them separately is usually not large and may significantly depend on the state of other accompanying factors. The purpose of the study was to search for informative predictors of MI risk based on polygenic analysis of polymorphic variants of (1) the antioxidant defense enzyme genes PON1 (rs662), PON2 (rs7493), CAT (rs1001179), MSRA (rs10098474) and GSTP1 (rs1695); (2) the apoptosis genes CASP8 (rs3834129), TP53 (rs1042522) and BCL2 (rs12454712); and (3) the inflammation genes CRP (rs1205), CX3CR1 (rs3732378), IL6 (rs1800795) and CCL2 (rs1024611). 591 DNA samples were used in the study (280 patients with the onset at 30 to 60 years, with an average age of 46.02 ± 6.17, and 311 control subjects aged 30 to 62, with an average age of 44.65 ± 7.07). All the participants were male and Tatars by ethnicity. The logistic regression analysis with various models demonstrated associations with MI of polymorphic variants of the genes CX3CR1 (rs3732378) (overdominant model – G/G + A/A vs A/G P = 0.0002, OR = 1.9), MSRA (rs10098474) (dominant model – T/T vs T/C + C/C P = 0.015, OR = 1.51), CCL2 (rs1024611) (recessive model – P = 0.0007 – A/A + A/G vs G/G OR = 2.63), BCL2 (rs12454712) (log-additive model – *C allele, P = 0.005, OR = 1.38). Using the Monte Carlo method and Markov chains (APSampler), combinations of alleles/ genotypes of the studied polymorphic loci associated with a high risk of MI were obtained, which, in addition to those identified during single-locus analysis, contained polymorphic variants of the genes CASP8, TP53, CAT, PON2, CRP, IL6, GSTP1. Among the combinations obtained, a pairwise analysis of possible non-linear interactions between the identified combinations of alleles/genotypes was carried out, which showed synergistic interactions of the polymorphic variants CX3CR1*A/G and CASP8*I/I, MSRA*C and CRP*C, CAT*C/T and MSRA*C, CAT*C/T and CX3CR1*A contributing to the development of MI. Based on the results obtained using multivariate logistic regression analysis, a predictive model was built to assess the risk of developing MI, the predictive ability of which reached the value AUC = 0.71 (AUC – area under the curve in ROC analysis).
Evaluation of international educational programme student engagement in Spanish classes in a multilingual learning environment
Authors: Khalyapina L. P. , Tokareva E. Yu. 
Published: November 2024

Importance. The main goal of the study is to study the impact of multilingual education of uni versity students on the degree of their involvement in the educational process, as well as to prove the positive impact of involvement on the level of mastery of a second foreign language – Spanish. Although the impact of engagement on student achievement in traditional learning has previously been extensively researched, less is known about how it influences student learning in the context of multilingual learning. The research contributes to the study of student learning engagement in higher education by exploring the less studied context of learning in a multilingual environment.Materials and Methods. The study involves 2 groups of 3rd year undergraduate students (N = 47) of Peter the Great St. Petersburg Polytechnic University. To identify the degree of student engage ment in the process of learning Spanish, questionnaires, testing and statistical methods are used.Results and Discussion. In the experimental group (N = 23), a multilingual approach is imple mented. In the control group (N = 24), the English Medium Instruction-based approach is used. The Student Engagement Scale is measured using the three most common dimensions identified by researchers (behavioral, emotional, and cognitive engagement). Paired samples Student’s t-test and Pearson’s correlation test are performed to analyze descriptive statistics.Conclusion. Based on the results of student engagement, it can be concluded that students in the experimental group show a higher level of emotional and cognitive activity.
A study of motivation to learn Swedish in higher education students
Authors: Romanovskaia I. V. , Konovalova M. A. 
Published: November 2024

Importance. The problem of modern students’ motivation to study Swedish in the conditions caused by a sharp reorientation of the country’s course is analyzed. Understanding motivation, especially the characteristics of learning motivation, is one of the issues that has remained relevant in pedagogy and foreign language teaching methodology for decades. The aim of the study is to analyse students’ learning motivation and determine the correlation of the initial and current motivation to study Swedish due to the sharp change in the country’s geopolitical course.Materials and Methods. The research is conducted on the basis of Petrozavodsk State University (PetrSU), the respondents are students of the Institute of Philology, Department of German Philology, and Scandinavian Studies, studying Swedish as a main language from the 1st to the 4th year of undergraduate studies. The number of respondents is 34. Sociological and statistical methods of research are used to collect materials, for processing and analysis; theoretical and descriptive methods are used. Studies of E.N. Deulina, T.A. Deulina, M.V. Spirina, N.V. Lobastova, G.N. Arutyunyan, I.B. Vorozhtsova, etc., which are considered with the methodology of foreign language teaching and the problem of learning motivation, as well as students’ answers received during the research, are used as research materials.Results and Discussion. Based on received data, the methodology of Swedish language teaching has been improved. The dependence of motivation for learning foreign languages on external and internal factors has been established on the basis of students’ answers. The answers received in the research help to correct and adjust the learning process in rapidly changing conditions, to organise the work with the team correctly, to increase the learning motivation, and to keep the contingent of students.Conclusion. The study has practical relevance and research perspectives: no significant decrease in motivation to learn Swedish has been revealed, however, there is a consistent, logical, and wellexplained change in motivation throughout the learning process caused by external factors such as the “plateau effect”, a specific response to the teaching efforts of the instructor, changes in the types and forms of work, technologies, methods, and teaching techniques. Despite the fluctuating nature of motivation, students remain persistent and determined in learning the foreign language. The decrease in motivation to learn a foreign language is caused by too much academic workload and/or personal problems; while the increase in motivation is related to the variety of tasks and forms used, including the inspiring activities of the teacher.
Regional identity of schoolchildren in foreign language communication
Authors: Glumova E. P. , Chelovskaya A. S. 
Published: November 2024

Importance. The issues of theory and methods of developing a schoolchildren's regional identity in foreign language communication are considered. In conditions of social global changes in modern Russia, the development of traditional social institutes that impact the process of a person’s regional identity is necessary. In modern Russian society, there is a need to prepare citizens for productive intercultural interaction, to form a core of values of national and regional culture, representing the basis of identity. The identity problem is the most relevant for Russia due to its diverse ethnic composition of the population and administrative-territorial division.Materials and Methods. A comprehensive approach is used to conduct the research in the field of schoolchildren’s foreign-language communication. At the first stage of the study, theoretical methods are used, involving the study of scientific literature on the research topic, analysis, generalization and classification of the obtained information. At the second stage of the study, empirical methods such as observation and description are applied. Two key concepts “identity” and “regional identity” are considered, and the components of regional identity in the process of teaching foreign languages to schoolchildren are identified.Results and Discussion. The concept of “regional identity of a student in the process of foreign language communication” has been highlighted and defined. Three levels of development of regional identity of schoolchildren in the process of foreign language communication are identified: basic level, main level, analytical level. As a result of the analysis of scientific works on the problem under consideration, components of regional identity are identified in the process of teaching foreign languages to schoolchildren: cognitive, affective, behavioral.Conclusion. The development of the student’ regional identity in the process of foreign-language communication is determined by the need for interaction with representatives of other cultures, a social order that determines the need for society to prepare a communicable personality focused on interpersonal productive cooperation in all spheres of social life, which implies the ability of the personality to present its own region to foreign-language communicators, as well as the requirements of federal state educational standards.