bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Farming, slaving and enslavement: histories of endosymbioses during kinetoplastid evolution
Authors: Harmer Jane , Yurchenko Vyacheslav , Nenarokova Anna , Lukeš Julius , Ginger Michael L. 
Published: June 2018

AbstractParasitic trypanosomatids diverged from free-living kinetoplastid ancestors several hundred million years ago. These parasites are relatively well known, due in part to several unusual cell biological and molecular traits and in part to the significance of a few – pathogenicLeishmaniaandTrypanosomaspecies – as aetiological agents of serious neglected tropical diseases. However, the majority of trypanosomatid biodiversity is represented by osmotrophic monoxenous parasites of insects. In two lineages, novymonads and strigomonads, osmotrophic lifestyles are supported by cytoplasmic endosymbionts, providing hosts with macromolecular precursors and vitamins. Here we discuss the two independent origins of endosymbiosis within trypanosomatids and subsequently different evolutionary trajectories that see entrainmentvstolerance of symbiont cell divisions cycles within those of the host. With the potential to inform on the transition to obligate parasitism in the trypanosomatids, interest in the biology and ecology of free-living, phagotrophic kinetoplastids is beginning to enjoy a renaissance. Thus, we take the opportunity to additionally consider the wider relevance of endosymbiosis during kinetoplastid evolution, including the indulged lifestyle and reductive evolution of basal kinetoplastidPerkinsela.
Prolonged grief disorder: clinical utility of ICD-11 diagnostic guidelines
Authors: Mauro Christine , Reynolds Charles F. , Maercker Andreas , Skritskaya Natalia , Simon Naomi , Zisook Sidney , Lebowitz Barry , Cozza Stephen J. , Shear M. Katherine 
Published: June 2018

AbstractBackgroundThe World Health Organization (WHO) International Classification of Disease (ICD-11) is expected to include a new diagnosis for prolonged grief disorder (ICD-11PGD). This study examines the validity and clinical utility of the ICD-11PGD guideline by testing its performance in a well-characterized clinical sample and contrasting it with a very different criteria set with the same name (PGDPLOS).MethodsWe examined data from 261 treatment-seeking participants in the National Institute of Mental Health (NIMH)-sponsored multicenter clinical trial to determine the rates of diagnosis using the ICD-11PGD guideline and compared these with diagnosis using PGDPLOS criteria.ResultsThe ICD-11PGD guideline identified 95.8% [95% confidence interval (CI) 93.3–98.2%] of a treatment-responsive cohort of patients with distressing and impairing grief. PGDPLOS criteria identified only 59.0% (95% CI 53.0–65.0%) and were more likely to omit those who lost someone other than a spouse, were currently married, bereaved by violent means, or not diagnosed with co-occurring depression. Those not diagnosed by PGDPLOS criteria showed the same rate of treatment response as those who were diagnosed.ConclusionsThe ICD-11PGD diagnostic guideline showed good performance characteristics in this sample, while PGDPLOS criteria did not. Limitations of the research sample used to derive PGDPLOS criteria may partly explain their poor performance in a more diverse clinical sample. Clinicians and researchers need to be aware of the important difference between these two identically named diagnostic methods.
Age and sex differences in hearing loss association with depressive symptoms: analyses of NHANES 2011–2012
Authors: Scinicariello Franco , Przybyla Jennifer , Carroll Yulia , Eichwald John , Decker John , Breysse Patrick N. 
Published: June 2018

AbstractBackgroundDepression is a common and significant health problem. Hearing loss is the third most common chronic physical condition in the USA and might be a factor in depression. To determine whether hearing loss is associated with depressive symptoms in US adults ages 20–69 years.MethodsNational Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) data (2011–2012) were used to assess the potential relationship between hearing loss and depression, in adults (20–69 years) who answered the Patient Health Questionnaire (PHQ-9) depression screening module, with pure tone audiometry measurements, and complete information on the co-variates data (n = 3316). The degree of speech-frequency hearing loss (SFHL) and high-frequency hearing loss (HFHL) were defined as slight/mild hearing loss ⩾26–40 dB; moderate/worse hearing loss ⩾41 dB by pure tone audiometry examination.ResultsModerate/worse HFHL was statistically significantly associated with depressive symptoms (OR 1.54, 95% CL 1.04–2.27) when the analyses were conducted among all participants. Further stratification by gender and age groups found that moderate/worse HFHL (OR 3.85, 95% CL 1.39–10.65) and moderate/worse SFHL (OR 5.75, 95% CL 1.46–22.71) were associated with depressive symptoms in women ages 52–69 years.ConclusionsModerate/worse speech frequency and HFHL are associated with depression in women ages 52–69 years, independent of other risk factors. Hearing screenings are likely to reduce delays in diagnosis and provide early opportunities for noise prevention counseling and access to hearing aids. Health professionals should be aware of depressive signs and symptoms in patients with hearing loss.
On the uniqueness of cellular injectives
Authors: ROSICKÝ J. 
Published: June 2018

AbstractA. Avilés and C. Brech proved an intriguing result about the existence and uniqueness of certain injective Boolean algebras or Banach spaces. Their result refines the standard existence and uniqueness of saturated models. They express a wish to obtain a unified approach in the context of category theory. We provide this in the framework of weak factorisation systems. Our basic tool is the fat small object argument.
Occupied Iraq: Imperial Convergences?
Authors: RITTICH KERRY 
Published: June 2018

AbstractThe occupation of Iraq in 2003 involved a wide-ranging set of interventions in the domestic legal, political and economic structures of the state, interventions that provoked a debate about whether the law of occupation should recognize a category of ‘transformative’ occupation.While the occupation itself has often been decried as an imperial venture, its administration involved a diffusion of power among international institutions as well as ratification by the Security Council through Resolution 1483. This article pursues the intuition that the transformation of norms and practices elsewhere in the international order underwrote the idea that it was the law of occupation that was problematic, at the same time facilitating the transmutation and preservation of practices that might be identified as imperial. Two developments are key: The first is the pervasive normalization of intervention in the domestic policy and legal orders of states; the second is the dissemination of norms about domestic regulation within the international order, those that touch on economic governance in particular. The orders of the occupying were infused in both form and substance with ideas of ‘normal governance’ traceable to myriad projects, policies and practices of other international institutions: development agencies, financial institutions, trade organizations. Iraq then might be a revealing case with which to consider the character and locations of contemporary imperialism, as well as the role of international law and international institutions in its unfolding.
A triple-wideband bandpass filter with controllable bandwidths based on stub-loaded resonators
Authors: Gong Li , Xiong Yang , Zhang Fan , Wang LiTian , Sun Yan , Zhao XinJie , He Ming , Ji Lu , Zhang Xu , Zhang Bo 
Published: June 2018

AbstractIn this paper, a triple-wideband bandpass filter (BPF) with controllable bandwidths based on two multi-mode stub-loaded resonators (MMSLRs) and a triple-mode resonator is presented. The MMSLR is loaded with two identical folded open-ended stubs and a T-shaped stub. Each passband of the tri-band BPF is formed by four resonant modes, which provide sufficient bandwidths to meet various application requirement. By adjusting the lengths of open-ended stubs, three passband bandwidths can be controlled individually. The center frequencies of the triple-wideband BPF are allocated at 2.7, 3.67, and 5.44 GHz, with the 3 dB fractional bandwidths (FBWs) of 20.1, 14.7, and 26.3%. Among the three passbands, the highest one covers the 5 G WiFi band (5.15–5.85 GHz). The measured results of the proposed filter exhibit excellent agreement with simulated results.
Slip Rate and Rare Large Prehistoric Earthquakes of the Red River Fault, Southwestern China
Authors: Shi Xuhua , Sieh Kerry , Weldon Ray , Zhu Chengnan , Han Yuan , Yang Jiwu , Robinson Stephen W. 
Published: June 2018

AbstractThe Red River fault is an important plate‐boundary fault that has played a significant role in the tectonic evolution of northern Southeast Asia. Nonetheless, its millennial slip rate and earthquake recurrence behavior are poorly constrained. Analysis of 5‐ and 30‐m‐resolution topography reveals right‐lateral offsets that range from 60 m to 24 km along its “mid‐valley” trace but none along its “range‐front” trace. This strongly implies that the range‐front fault has experienced very little lateral slip for millions of years, even though it is the geologically more significant fault. Stratigraphic and geomorphologic investigation of the mid‐valley fault within a small channel near Gasa yields a14C‐based slip rate of 1.1 ± 0.4 mm/year, averaged over the last 30,000–50,000 years. Three‐dimensional paleoseismic excavation of colluvial wedges produced by collapse of shutter ridges into the channel shows that sudden dextral ruptures of the fault have occurred every 6,000 ± 1,000 years over the past 30,000 years. Two and possibly three large surface ruptures occurred in the past 13,500 years, and two previous ones occurred at 18,500 and 24,500 calendar years before present (cal yr BP). The oldest one in the section likely occurred at or a few 1,000 years before 29,800 ± 2,000 cal yr BP. The 3‐D extent of the colluvial wedges implies dextral offsets of ≥4.5 m, amounts that are consistent with the slip rate and recurrence interval. The evidence for low slip rate and rare large seismic events is consistent with the lack of large historical earthquakes along the fault and the low Global Positioning System (GPS)‐derived slip rate, but is much lower than widely cited geological slip rates.
Magnetic spin–orbit interaction of light
Authors: Wang Mengjia , Zhang Hongyi , Kovalevich Tatiana , Salut Roland , Kim Myun-Sik , Suarez Miguel Angel , Bernal Maria-Pilar , Herzig Hans-Peter , Lu Huihui , Grosjean Thierry 
Published: June 2018

AbstractWe study the directional excitation of optical surface waves controlled by the magnetic field of light. We theoretically predict that a spinning magnetic dipole develops a tunable unidirectional coupling of light to transverse electric (TE) polarized Bloch surface waves (BSWs). Experimentally, we show that the helicity of light projected onto a subwavelength groove milled into the top layer of a 1D photonic crystal (PC) controls the power distribution between two TE-polarized BSWs excited on both sides of the groove. Such a phenomenon is shown to be solely mediated by the helicity of the magnetic optical field, thus revealing a magnetic spin-orbit interaction of light. Remarkably, this magnetic optical effect is clearly observed via a near-field coupler governed by an electric dipole moment: it is of the same order of magnitude as the electric optical effects involved in the coupling. This opens up new degrees of freedom for the manipulation of light and offers desirable and novel opportunities for the development of integrated optical functionalities.
Phosphorylation of Parkin at serine 131 by p38 MAPK promotes mitochondrial dysfunction and neuronal death in mutant A53T α-synuclein model of Parkinson’s disease
Authors: Chen Jialong , Ren Yixian , Gui Chen , Zhao Menglan , Wu Xian , Mao Kanmin , Li Wenjun , Zou Fei 
Published: June 2018

Abstractα-synuclein abnormal accumulation and mitochondria dysfunction are involved in the pathogenesis of Parkinson’s disease. Selective autophagy of mitochondria (mitophagy) is a crucial component of the network controlling the mitochondrial homeostasis. However, the underlying mechanism that mutant α-synuclein induces mitochondrial abnormality through mitophagy impairment is not fully understood. Here, we showed that mutant A53T α-synuclein accumulation impaired mitochondrial function and Parkin-mediated mitophgy in α-synucleinA53T model. α-synucleinA53T overexpression caused p38 MAPK activation, then p38 MAPK directly phosphorylated Parkin at serine 131 to disrupt the Parkin’s protective function. The p38 MAPK inhibition significantly reduced cellular apoptosis, restored mitochondrial membrane potential as well as increased synaptic density both in SN4741 cells and primary midbrain neurons. These findings show that the p38 MAPK-Parkin signaling pathway regulates mitochondrial homeostasis and neuronal degeneration, which may be a potential therapeutic strategy of PD via enhancing mitochondrial turn-over and maintenance.
Stem cell factor is selectively secreted by arterial endothelial cells in bone marrow
Authors: Xu Chunliang , Gao Xin , Wei Qiaozhi , Nakahara Fumio , Zimmerman Samuel E. , Mar Jessica , Frenette Paul S. 
Published: June 2018

AbstractEndothelial cells (ECs) contribute to haematopoietic stem cell (HSC) maintenance in bone marrow, but the differential contributions of EC subtypes remain unknown, owing to the lack of methods to separate with high purity arterial endothelial cells (AECs) from sinusoidal endothelial cells (SECs). Here we show that the combination of podoplanin (PDPN) and Sca-1 expression distinguishes AECs (CD45− Ter119− Sca-1bright PDPN−) from SECs (CD45− Ter119− Sca-1dim PDPN+). PDPN can be substituted for antibodies against the adhesion molecules ICAM1 or E-selectin. Unexpectedly, prospective isolation reveals that AECs secrete nearly all detectable EC-derived stem cell factors (SCF). Genetic deletion of Scf in AECs, but not SECs, significantly reduced functional HSCs. Lineage-tracing analyses suggest that AECs and SECs self-regenerate independently after severe genotoxic insults, indicating the persistence of, and recovery from, radio-resistant pre-specified EC precursors. AEC-derived SCF also promotes HSC recovery after myeloablation. These results thus uncover heterogeneity in the contribution of ECs in stem cell niches.
Immuno-detection by sequencing enables large-scale high-dimensional phenotyping in cells
Authors: van Buggenum Jessie A. G. , Gerlach Jan P. , Tanis Sabine E. J. , Hogeweg Mark , Jansen Pascal W. T. C. , Middelwijk Jesse , van der Steen Ruud , Vermeulen Michiel , Stunnenberg Hendrik G. , Albers Cornelis A. , Mulder Klaas W. 
Published: June 2018

AbstractCell-based small molecule screening is an effective strategy leading to new medicines. Scientists in the pharmaceutical industry as well as in academia have made tremendous progress in developing both large-scale and smaller-scale screening assays. However, an accessible and universal technology for measuring large numbers of molecular and cellular phenotypes in many samples in parallel is not available. Here we present the immuno-detection by sequencing (ID-seq) technology that combines antibody-based protein detection and DNA-sequencing via DNA-tagged antibodies. We use ID-seq to simultaneously measure 70 (phospho-)proteins in primary human epidermal stem cells to screen the effects of ~300 kinase inhibitor probes to characterise the role of 225 kinases. The results show an association between decreased mTOR signalling and increased differentiation and uncover 13 kinases potentially regulating epidermal renewal through distinct mechanisms. Taken together, our work establishes ID-seq as a flexible solution for large-scale high-dimensional phenotyping in fixed cell populations.
Reconfigurable photonic generation of broadband chirped waveforms using a single CW laser and low-frequency electronics
Authors: Guillet de Chatellus Hugues , Romero Cortés Luis , Schnébelin Côme , Burla Maurizio , Azaña José 
Published: June 2018

AbstractBroadband radio-frequency chirped waveforms (RFCWs) with dynamically tunable parameters are of fundamental interest to many practical applications. Recently, photonic-assisted solutions have been demonstrated to overcome the bandwidth and flexibility constraints of electronic RFCW generation techniques. However, state-of-the-art photonic techniques involve broadband mode-locked lasers, complex dual laser systems, or fast electronics, increasing significantly the complexity and cost of the resulting platforms. Here we demonstrate a novel concept for photonic generation of broadband RFCWs using a simple architecture, involving a single CW laser, a recirculating frequency-shifting loop, and standard low-frequency electronics. All the chirp waveform parameters, namely sign and value of the chirp rate, central frequency and bandwidth, duration and repetition rate, are easily reconfigurable. We report the generation of mutually coherent RF chirps, with bandwidth above 28 GHz, and time-bandwidth product exceeding 1000, limited by the available detection bandwidth. The capabilities of this simple platform fulfill the stringent requirements for real-world applications.
Analysis of sensitive information leakage in functional genomics signal profiles through genomic deletions
Authors: Harmanci Arif , Gerstein Mark 
Published: June 2018

AbstractFunctional genomics experiments, such as RNA-seq, provide non-individual specific information about gene expression under different conditions such as disease and normal. There is great desire to share these data. However, privacy concerns often preclude sharing of the raw reads. To enable safe sharing, aggregated summaries such as read-depth signal profiles and levels of gene expression are used. Projects such as GTEx and ENCODE share these because they ostensibly do not leak much identifying information. Here, we attempt to quantify the validity of this statement, measuring the leakage of genomic deletions from signal profiles. We present information theoretic measures for the degree to which one can genotype these deletions. We then develop practical genotyping approaches and demonstrate how to use these to identify an individual within a large cohort in the context of linking attacks. Finally, we present an anonymization method removing much of the leakage from signal profiles.
Systematic design of superaerophobic nanotube-array electrode comprised of transition-metal sulfides for overall water splitting
Authors: Li Haoyi , Chen Shuangming , Zhang Ying , Zhang Qinghua , Jia Xiaofan , Zhang Qi , Gu Lin , Sun Xiaoming , Song Li , Wang Xun 
Published: June 2018

AbstractGreat attention has been focused on the design of electrocatalysts to enable electrochemical water splitting—a technology that allows energy derived from renewable resources to be stored in readily accessible and non-polluting chemical fuels. Herein we report a bifunctional nanotube-array electrode for water splitting in alkaline electrolyte. The electrode requires the overpotentials of 58 mV and 184 mV for hydrogen and oxygen evolution reactions respectively, meanwhile maintaining remarkable long-term durability. The prominent performance is due to the systematic optimization of chemical composition and geometric structure principally—that is, abundant electrocatalytic active sites, excellent conductivity of metallic 1T’ MoS2, synergistic effects among iron, cobalt, nickel ions, and the superaerophobicity of electrode surface for fast mass transfer. The electrode is also demonstrated to function as anode and cathode, simultaneously, delivering 10 mA cm−2 at a cell voltage of 1.429 V. Our results demonstrate substantial improvement in the design of high-efficiency electrodes for water electrolysis.
Author Correction: Ultra-thin high-efficiency mid-infraredtransmissive Huygens meta-optics
Authors: Zhang Li , Ding Jun , Zheng Hanyu , An Sensong , Lin Hongtao , Zheng Bowen , Du Qingyang , Yin Gufan , Michon Jerome , Zhang Yifei , Fang Zhuoran , Shalaginov Mikhail Y. , Deng Longjiang , Gu Tian , Zhang Hualiang , Hu Juejun 
Published: June 2018

The original version of this Article omitted the following from the Acknowledgements:‘J.D. and H. Zhang acknowledge initial funding for design of the meta-atoms provided by the National Science Foundation under award CMMI-1266251. Z.L. and H. Zheng contributed to the Device Fabrication section and were independently funded as visiting scholars by the National Natural Science Foundation of China under award 51772042 and the “111” project (No. B13042) led by Professor Huaiwu Zhang. Later work contained within the Device Modeling and Device Characterization sections and some revisions to the manuscript were funded under Defense Advanced Research Projects Agency Defense Sciences Office (DSO) Program: EXTREME Optics and Imaging (EXTREME) under Agreement No. HR00111720029. The authors also acknowledge fabrication facility support by the Harvard University Center for Nanoscale Systems funded by the National Science Foundation under award 0335765. The views, opinions and/or findings expressed are those of the authors and should not be interpreted as representing the official views or policies of the Department of Defense or the U.S. Government.’ This has been corrected in both the PDF and HTML versions of the Article.
Prognostic significance of frequent CLDN18-ARHGAP26/6 fusion in gastric signet-ring cell cancer
Authors: Shu Yang , Zhang Weihan , Hou Qianqian , Zhao Linyong , Zhang Shouyue , Zhou Jiankang , Song Xiaohai , Zhang Yan , Jiang Dan , Chen Xinzu , Wang Peiqi , Xia Xuyang , Liao Fei , Yin Dandan , Chen Xiaolong , Zhou Xueyan , Zhang Duyu , Yin Senlin , Yang Kun , Liu Jianping , Fu Leilei , Zhang Lan , Wang Yuelan , Zhang Junlong , An Yunfei , Cheng Hua , Zheng Bin , Sun Hongye , Zhao Yinglan , Wang Yongsheng , Xie Dan , Ouyang Liang , Wang Ping , Zhang Wei , Qiu Meng , Fu Xianghui , Dai Lunzhi , He Gu , Yang Hanshuo , Cheng Wei , Yang Li , Liu Bo , Li Weimin , Dong Biao , Zhou Zongguang , Wei Yuquan , Peng Yong , Xu Heng , Hu Jiankun 
Published: June 2018

AbstractSignet-ring cell carcinoma (SRCC) has specific epidemiology and oncogenesis in gastric cancer, however, with no systematical investigation for prognostic genomic features. Here we report a systematic investigation conducted in 1868 Chinese gastric cancer patients indicating that signet-ring cells content was related to multiple clinical characteristics and treatment outcomes. We thus perform whole-genome sequencing on 32 pairs of SRC samples, and identify frequent CLDN18-ARHGAP26/6 fusion (25%). With 797 additional patients for validation, prevalence of CLDN18-ARHGAP26/6 fusion is noticed to be associated with signet-ring cell content, age at diagnosis, female/male ratio, and TNM stage. Importantly, patients with CLDN18-ARHGAP26/6 fusion have worse survival outcomes, and get no benefit from oxaliplatin/fluoropyrimidines-based chemotherapy, which is consistent with the fact of chemo-drug resistance acquired in CLDN18-ARHGAP26 introduced cell lines. Overall, this study provides insights into the clinical and genomic features of SRCC, and highlights the importance of frequent CLDN18-ARHGAP26/6 fusions in chemotherapy response for SRCC.