bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Knowledge of mother about the household environment againt acute respiratory infection in Padang Pasir: A literature study
Authors: Handayuni Linda , Ridha Alfian Azyyati , Amran Ali , Razak Abdul 
Published: August 2019

Abstract
Acute Respiratory Infections (ARI) is one cause of death in infants and toddlers. The incidence of ARI at West Sumatera in 2016 was 154, 962 cases and increased by 2017 as many as 169, 031 cases. The highest incidence of ARI was found in Padang Pasir for age <1 year 568 people and age 1-4 years 1648 people. The high number of ARI cases in children under five is due to lack of knowledge of the mother about the household environment to prevent ARI of toddlers. Sample was 86 mothers. The study was conducted by literature study technique. The result showed that 30, 2% mother knowledge about ARI still low. Activities to improve knowledge of mother toddlers need to be intensified again by way of counseling about the prevention of ARI through Posyandu cadres and health personnel so as to reduce the incidence of ARI.
Environmentally friendly photo road modeling in Tasikmalaya city to improve urban transportation framework
Authors: Mahdi Indra , Herlina Nina , Nurhidayah Agi , Purwanto Anto , Nur Rachman Andi 
Published: August 2019

Abstract
The development of a region can be seen from population growth and a high average growth rate, which has implications for socio-economic activities, infrastructure and other physical buildings that are increasingly complex. To accommodate all these activities, space is needed as a place of activity. The road infrastructure sector is one of the arteries in the region’s economic growth, so the accuracy of its provision through the amount of investment is very important. This will not cause a bottleneck in the flow of goods / services and people at regional, national and even international levels which causes lower economic and social costs. Even so, in Tasikmalaya City, the road problems at this time have shown serious problems, especially on the main roads, traffic jams often occur, not only due to the increasing number of vehicles, but due to the non-functioning of the sidewalk as a place to walk because some sidewalks are used to sell street vendors, while walking is a tool for internal movement of the city, the only tool to meet the needs of face-to-face interactions that exist in commercial and cultural activities in urban life. This study will examine whether the sidewalk functions in accordance with existing regulations, and whether the sidewalk design has fulfilled the requirements of safety, fun, comfort, and has an appeal. This study uses a qualitative descriptive research method. Data obtained through direct observation in the field. Observations were made on the location of the main road that many pedestrians traversed such as the Jl. Martadinata, Jl. Doctor Sukardjo, and Jl. H. Mustopa arrived at Padayungan intersection. The analytical method uses descriptive qualitative with the planning model. Stages of analysis are drainage channel analysis, analysis of the physical condition of the sidewalk, analysis of the quality of safety and comfort of the sidewalk as a pedestrian path. The results of the research are in the form of directional and environmentally friendly sidewalk designs in urban areas, which can be used to complement the shortcomings in variables and to correct variables that have not been fulfilled according to the perception and behavior of pedestrian users in the City of Tasikmalaya.
Model of sustainable development of smallholders in Riau Province
Authors: Nurhamlin  , Rasyad Aslim , Zulkarnain  , Suwondo  
Published: August 2019

Abstract
Natural rubber has countless significant roles in human life. Rubber plants have the ability to maintain natural functions (they serve as carbon producers, conservationists of land and water, and habitats for wildlife) and they also produce many added values in terms of social and economy for rubber farmers or smallholders as well as become sources of their living and income. The price of natural rubber in the international market has significantly dropped in the last decade; leaving many rubber farmers or smallholders to live in poverty. Many programs to elevate the prosperity of rubber farmers or smallholders have been created and applied by the government of Indonesia but none of the programs has been deemed successful according to the analysis results of Multi-Dimensional Scaling (MDS), the sustainable ecological index (52.95%), technological sustainability (62.35%), economical sustainability (60.18%), social sustainability (53.62%), and institutional sustainability (20.73%). The institutional management of rubber farmers is highly expected to increase the development of rubber farmers so that each and every one of them may have high competitiveness which in turn will sustainably improve their prosperity in the future.
Biodegradability of PLA and Tea Waste Composites Based on “CHAMU” and the “Tea Waste Recycling System”
Authors: Gao Pin , Ogata Yoshito 
Published: August 2019

Abstract
This paper proposes and explains the concept of “Chinese Pinyin of tea and wood (CHAMU)” and the establishment of the “Tea Waste Recycling System” for mitigating the problem of tea waste disposal in the tea production process. Based on the “reuse of fully biodegradable waste” proposed in the “Tea Waste Recycling System,” this paper investigates existing biodegradation studies related to plant materials and analyzes the factors that contribute to the degradation of plant material. This paper analyzes the composition of tea waste and establishes a theoretical basis for the biodegradation of tea waste. The soil-buried method was used to test the degradation performance of samples prepared from polylactic acid (PLA) and tea waste composites made by injection molding.This paper mainly focuses on the experiment and discussion of the biodegradability of “CHAMU” materials and considers a theoretical basis to assist in the establishment of a tea waste recycling system.
Mechanical design and dynamics system identification of two-section Flapping Wing Aircraft
Authors: Liao Wei , Ye Zhixian , Song Guanghua , Yang Bowei 
Published: August 2019

Abstract
The mechanical design and system identification of the Flapping Wing Aircraft (FWA) has always been a problem. In this paper, we design a two-section FWA through the study of bird flight, where the wing structure is divided into the inner wing and outer wing, which can imitate the flight of birds. When flapping upward, the wings can be folded to reduce resistance, and when flapping downward, the wings can be expanded to increase lift. This flying method can improve the flight efficiency. The aircraft we designed has achieved flexible flight under human operation. Aiming at the complex problem of dynamic modeling of FWA, this paper proposes a linear system model by analyzing the force of the aircraft.We use the collected flight data to train the system model. The training of the model uses the gradient descent method to minimize the loss function, and the accuracy of the model is verified with the test data. The experimental results show that the system model can accurately calculate the acceleration, velocity, angle velocity and orientation of the aircraft based on the current control input.
Research on Axial Flow Compressor Fault Diagnosis Based on Wavelet Analysis
Authors: Zhao Weili 
Published: August 2019

Abstract
The pressure signal of the axial compressor contains important information that reflects the working state of the compressor. The pressure signal in the compressor can be analyzed by wavelet analysis, which can provide an important basis for judging the working state of the compressor. In this paper, an axial-flow compressor fault diagnosis method based on wavelet analysis is proposed, which can be used to process the signal collected by the sensor in the compressor, and then to judge the state of the engine. The results show that the method can quickly and effectively identify the fault characteristics of the compressor and provide a new way for the rapid identification of the compressor fault.
Modeling and Simulation of Excitation System for Third Harmonic Brushless Synchronous Generator
Authors: Liu Wei , Zhu Changqing 
Published: August 2019

Abstract
The excitation system of third harmonic excitation brushless synchronous generator (HESG) can improve the voltage stability and is widely used in small and medium generator set. In order to establish the model of harmonic brushless excitation system, the formula of third harmonic EMF is derived. Then, based on the traditional synchronous generator model, the influence of harmonic windings is counted in. Finally, the simulation model of closed-loop excitation system is analyzed with the automatic voltage regulator (AVR) as the core. On the basis of theoretical analysis, simulation and comparative analysis are carried out according to parameters from actual system. The results show that compared with normal synchronous generator, HESG has the advantage of excellent dynamic characteristics and automatic voltage adjustment.
A Rapid Capture Method of Frequency Hopping Communication System in Airborne Data-Link
Authors: Hou Xiaochen , Guo Dechun , Chen Hao , Zhang Zhibo 
Published: August 2019

Abstract
In frequency hopping communication systems, synchronization of frequency hopping sequences is a prerequisite for ensuring normal communication. In this paper, a rapid frequency hopping synchronization capture method is designed based on MSK modulation. A method of solving the constant false alarm threshold is given, and a set of high performance synchronization codes are selected. We assessed the effectiveness of the proposed process by simulation based on MATLAB and Vivado, and it can complete rapid synchronous capture in the frequency hopping communication system.
Authentication algorithm of secure digital halftone watermark based on SM4 algorithm
Authors: Guo L , Wang A L , Li S K , Pang J P , Xin K , Fan S X , Liu F P 
Published: August 2019

Abstract
With the development of information technology, the problem of piracy is getting worse. In order to increase the security of watermark information, this paper has proposed a security watermark authentication algorithm based on SM4 encryption algorithms, which is embedded in the frame of the vehicle image when the watermark information is encrypted. SM4 is the block cipher standard adopted in WAPI of wlan standard in China, and then adopted by commercial cipher standard in China. It is characterized by adding nonlinear changes in the calculation process, which greatly improves the security of the algorithm. Because the watermark information is embedded in the feature points of the structure, which is relatively stable and not easy to change, so the robustness of the watermark is enhanced to a certain extent. Through the test, the algorithm can encrypt and authenticate the watermark information.
DGA and Weibull Distribution Model-based Transformer Fault Early Warning
Authors: Yang Pei , Pan Sen , Jiang Jing , Rao Wei , Qiao Junfeng 
Published: August 2019

Abstract
As an important power transmission and transformation equipment, transformer fault has a great impact on the safe and stable operation of smart grid and probably incurs serious consequences. Therefore, how to detect and warn the fault of transformers as early as possible becomes particularly critical. In this paper, a fault early warning method based on DGA and Weibull distribution model is proposed for a large number of transformers in smart grid and the calculation formulas of the attention value and warning value of transformer fault are given. First, the defect rate and fault rate of transformers can be obtained by analysing the transformer maintenance data. Then, the attention value and warning value of transformer fault are calculated with the Weibull distribution model according to the gases volume distribution of oil chromatographic data, which provides an effective method for the transformer fault early warning. The actual case study shows that the proposed method can effectively achieve the transformer fault early warning.
Power dispatching tracking control of wind turbine considering maximum and limited power generation below rated wind speed
Authors: Wang Huipan , Hu Yang 
Published: August 2019

Abstract
Wind turbines should respond to power dispatching of power grid at all times. According to this demand, this paper puts forward a set of feasible power control strategies below rated wind speed. Firstly, the operation state of wind turbine is divided into two working modes: maximum power generation and wind power curtailment generation. Different control strategies are adopted in different working conditions. Under the mode of maximum power generation, the model predictive control (MPC) algorithm is used to give a torque compensation gain. The MPC controller not only improves the utilization efficiency of wind energy, but also reduces the mechanical load. Under the mode of wind curtailment, a hybrid tracking control strategy of giving priority to torque control than pitch regulation is adopted. It reduces the frequency and amplitude of the pitch mechanism greatly. By comparing the simulation results under various wind speeds, it is found that the proposed power control strategy can adapt to different power dispatching scenes, and can respond to power dispatching with greater performance. It is very significant for the improvement of wind power generation system.
Domestication influences morphological and physiological responses to salinity in Brassica oleracea seedlings
Authors: Lema M , Ali Md Y , Retuerto R 
Published: August 2019

Abstract
Brassica oleracea cultivars include important vegetable and forage crops grown worldwide, whereas the wild counterpart occurs naturally on European sea cliffs. Domestication and selection processes have led to phenotypic and genetic divergence between domesticated plants and their wild ancestors that inhabit coastal areas and are exposed to saline conditions. Salinity is one of the most limiting factors for crop production. However, little is known about how salinity affects plants in relation to domestication of B. oleracea. The objective of this study was to determine the influence of domestication status (wild, landrace or cultivar) on the response of different B. oleracea crops to salinity, as measured by seed germination, plant growth, water content and mineral concentration parameters at the seedling stage. For this purpose, two independent pot experiments were conducted with six accessions of B. oleracea, including cabbage (group capitata) and kale (group acephala), in a growth chamber under controlled environmental conditions. In both taxonomic groups, differences in domestication status and salt stress significantly affected all major process such as germination, changes in dry matter, water relations and mineral uptake. In the acephala experiment, the domestication × salinity interaction significantly affected water content parameters and shoot Na+ allocation. At early stages of development, wild plants are more succulent than cultivated plants and have a higher capacity to maintain lower Na+ concentrations in their shoots in response to increasing levels of salinity. Different responses of domesticated and cultivated accessions in relation to these traits indicated a high level of natural variation in wild B. oleracea. Exclusion of Na+ from shoots and increasing succulence may enhance salt tolerance in B. oleracea exposed to extreme salinity in the long term. The wild germplasm can potentially be used to improve the salt tolerance of crops by the identification of useful genes and incorporation of these into salinity-sensitive cultivars.
Regulatory effect of phosphorus and nitrogen on nodulation and plant performance of leguminous shrubs
Authors: Míguez-Montero M A , Valentine A , Pérez-Fernández M A 
Published: August 2019

AbstractThe impact of phosphorus (P) nutrition on plant growth, symbiotic N2 fixation, and phosphorus and nitrogen use and their assimilation was investigated in four leguminous plants of the genus Cytisus. Plants inoculated with Rhizobium strains isolated from plants of the four species growing in the wild were crop under controlled conditions in soils with either low P (5 µM) or high P (500 µM). The experiment was replicated in the presence and absence of plant irrigation to test for the effects of drought stress of inoculated and non-inoculated plants under the two P levels of fertilization. P-low treatments increased nodule production while plant biomass and shoot and root P and N contents were maximum at sufficient P. The reduction of P in the soil clearly induced biological nitrogen fixation and greater phosphorus and nitrogen uptake efficiencies, as shown by the total N and P accumulated in plants. Similarly, distinct tolerances to drought support this idea. Cytisus balansae had the lowest tolerance to water scarcity. Cytisus multiflorus and Cytisus scoparius were the most resistant species to drought, with this resistance enhanced in the inoculated plants. In the four species, the inoculation treatment clearly enhanced N-use efficiency, whereas P-use efficiency was greater in the non-inoculated plants in the irrigated treatment. With a P-induced demand for N, the plants nodulated prolifically and increased N supply from biological fixation. The physiological basis for N2-fixing C. scoparius and C. striatus maintaining growth at low P supply and responding to greater P supply is through balanced acquisition of P and N for plant demand.Native shrubby legumes are key species in natural ecosystems due to their capability to increase the net N budget in plants and soils and because they modulate the phosphorus availability. Four legumes in the genus Cytisus either native to or commonly represented in the Iberian Peninsula proved to be able shift their N use depending on the soil P availability and on the interactions established with their Bradyrhizobium symbionts. In the four species the inoculation treatment clearly enhanced N-use efficiency and drought tolerance, whereas P-use efficiency was greater in the non-inoculated plants in the irrigated treatment.
Development and Validation of a Novel, Rapid Gradient HPLC Method for Simultaneous Estimation of Bioactive Marker Compounds in a Mixture of Convolvulus pluricaulis, Withania somnifera and Bacopa monnieri Extracts
Authors: Choudhary Sunayna , Kaur Indu Pal , Malik Jai 
Published: August 2019

Abstract
The use of herbs as medicine is an ancient form of healthcare known to mankind. Standardization of herbal medicines is however a challenging task and is the major bottleneck in their acceptance as the primary therapeutic option. The aim of this study was to develop and validate a simple, rapid HPLC method for standardizing the mixture of extracts of three Medhya Rasayanas (neurotonic), Convolvulus pluricaulis, Withania somnifera and Bacopa monnieri. Simultaneous estimation of the respective bioactive markers of these plants viz., scopoletin, withaferin A, bacoside A 3, bacopaside II, jujubogenin and bacosaponin C has been reported for the first time. The method was developed using Waters Hybrid X-Bridge shield with BEH technology 2.5 μm, 4.6 × 75 mm column and validated according to ICH guidelines. The 20 minutes run time makes the method eco-friendly. The method was linear over a range of 12.5–400 ng/10 μL for scopoletin and 62.5–2,000 ng/10 μL for withaferin A, bacoside A 3, bacopaside II, jujubogenin and bacosaponin C with detection limits of 8.0, 48.3, 30.4, 40.7, 15.6 and 18.9 ng/10 μL and quantification limits of 24.5, 146.5, 92.2, 123.4, 47.4 and 57.4 ng/10 μL, respectively. The correlation coefficient for each analyte was &gt;0.999. The intra-day and inter-day precision was &lt;2%. These results confirmed the precision, accuracy and robustness of the proposed method.
Improved nephrology referral of chronic kidney disease patients: potential role of smartphone apps
Authors: Oliva-Damaso Nestor , Oliva-Damaso Elena , Rodriguez-Perez Jose C , Payan Juan 
Published: August 2019

Abstract
In chronic kidney disease (CKD), referral to nephrology is based on Kidney Disease: Improving Global Outcomes 2012 guidelines and is generally indicated when the estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) is &lt;30 mL/min/1.73 m2 or when there is a rapid decline of eGFR, elevated urinary albumin:creatinine ratio (&gt;300 mg/g) or other ‘alert’ signs such as the presence of urinary red blood cell casts. Since eGFR declines with ageing in otherwise healthy individuals, we propose that the eGFR threshold for nephrology referral should be adjusted according to age. According to current recommendations, young patients without rapidly progressing CKD are referred more often to nephrology when CKD is more severe, compared with age-matched controls with normal eGFRs, than elderly CKD patients. In this commentary, we discuss the age factor and other specific situations not considered in current guidelines for nephrology referral of CKD patients.
Assessing the accuracy of ICD-10 coding for measuring rates of and mortality from acute kidney injury and the impact of electronic alerts: an observational cohort study
Authors: Logan Rachael , Davey Peter , De Souza Nicosha , Baird David , Guthrie Bruce , Bell Samira 
Published: August 2019

Abstract

Background
The application of a uniform definition for acute kidney injury (AKI) is vital to advance understanding and management of AKI. International Classification of Diseases (Tenth Revision) (ICD-10) coding is frequently used to define AKI, but its accuracy is unclear. The aim of this study was to determine whether ICD-10 coding is a reliable method of monitoring rates and outcomes of AKI in inpatients compared with biochemically defined AKI, and whether electronic alerts (e-alerts) for AKI affect ICD-10 AKI coding.

Methods
An observational cohort study of all 505 662 adult admissions to acute hospitals in two Scottish Health Boards [National Health Service (NHS) Tayside and NHS Fife] from January 2013 to April 2017 was performed. AKI e-alerts were implemented in NHS Tayside in April 2015. Sensitivity, specificity, positive and negative predictive values of ICD-10 coding for AKI compared with biochemically defined AKI using the Kidney Disease: Improving Global Outcomes definition and relative risk of 30-day mortality in people with ICD-10 and biochemically defined AKI before and after AKI e-alert implementation were performed.

Results
Sensitivity of ICD-10 coding for identifying biochemically defined AKI was very poor in both health boards for all AKI (Tayside 25.7% and Fife 35.8%) and for Stages 2 and 3 AKI (Tayside 43.8% and Fife 53.8%). Positive predictive value was poor both for all AKI (Tayside 76.1% and Fife 45.5%) and for Stages 2 and 3 AKI (Tayside 45.5% and Fife 36.8%). Measured mortality fell following implementation of AKI e-alerts in the ICD-10-coded population but not in the biochemically defined AKI population, reflecting an increase in the proportion of Stage 1 AKI in ICD-10-coded AKI. There was no evidence that the introduction of AKI e-alerts in Tayside improved ICD-10 coding of AKI.

Conclusion
ICD-10 coding should not be used for monitoring of rates and outcomes of AKI for either research or improvement programmes.