bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Informal learning, organizational commitment and self-efficacy
Authors: Yoon Dong-Yeol , Han Seung-hyun , Sung Moonju , Cho Jun 
Published: November 2018

PurposeThis paper aims to explore a mediating effect of self-efficacy between individuals’ informal learning and their organizational commitment. Informal learning between individuals is critical in the workplace because sharing knowledge and expertise is directly related to employee’s attitude and organizational benefits such as enhanced performance and productivity. Of the many factors affecting organizational commitment, this research focuses on effects of informal learning and a mediating role of self-efficacy.Design/methodology/approachTo address these research questions, this research analyzes survey data of 317 Korean workers. Through structural equation model analysis, the authors examine how informal learning affects employee commitment to organizations, where individual self-efficacy works as a mediator.FindingsThe analysis confirms that informal learning increases self-efficacy, whereas no directly influences organizational commitment. The analysis also demonstrates that self-efficacy mediates the relationship between informal learning and organizational commitment. This study confirms the positive relationship between informal learning and self-efficacy, whereas no direct relationship between informal learning and organizational commitment.Research limitations/implicationsThis study has several limitations in terms of methodology. Data collection mainly relied on a survey method, which is a single source and raises the concern of common method bias. Therefore, future studies may use different types of data to solve the problem of common method biases. In addition, the study design was cross-sectional; therefore, it was unable to eliminate the biases caused by simultaneous data. Future studies can adopt a longitudinal design using different time stages to collect data in order to eliminate this bias.Originality/valueThe main reasons for the high rate of informal learning through activities such as on-the-job training, coaching, mentoring and community of practice include the increase in the efficiency of learning and reduction in learning costs by integrating learning and work and the effectiveness of informal learning in terms of improving performance. This research seeks to demonstrate how informal learning in the workplace influences employees’ commitment to the organization through self-efficacy.
The home country boundness of technological resources and internationalization performance
Authors: Mun Hee Jin 
Published: November 2018

PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to investigate the mixed results of the relationship between technological resources and internationalization performance. It argues that a high proportion of technological resources bound to be used in home countries decrease internationalization performance, which is moderated by organizational slack.Design/methodology/approachThis study uses data from Korean-listed pharmaceutical firms from 1998 to 2010. Tobit regression is used to test the hypotheses since the dependent variable takes a value within a limited range.FindingsThe empirical results show that a high ratio of home country-bound technological resources reduces internationalization performance. This negative relationship is reinforced as organizational slack increases.Originality/valueThis study reveals why technological resources do not always result in effective internationalization. Furthermore, its focus on organizational slack as an intrafirm contingency contributes to recent attempts to reveal organizational slack’s role in internationalization.
Development of naturally carbonated paneer whey fermented beverage blended with pineapple and strawberry juice
Authors: Kaur Simarjit , Bhise Suresh Rajabhau , Kaur Amarjeet , Minhas K.S. 
Published: November 2018

PurposeThe present study was carried out to standardize the method for preparation of naturally carbonated fermented paneer whey beverage by incorporating pineapple and strawberry fruit juice and to check their suitability in the beverage by evaluating the organoleptic characteristics and shelf life of product.Design/methodology/approachBeverage was inoculated with yeast cultureClavispora lucitaniaeat 0.5 per cent v/v and fermented at 35 ± 1°C for 36 h aerobically. Standardization of total soluble solids (TSS) (16, 15, 14, 13 and 12oBrix) and juice concentration (15, 20, 25 and 30 per cent) of beverage was done on the basis of organoleptic evaluation, and the beverage with TSS 12oB and 30 per cent juice was selected best for further storage study. Two types of beverages were prepared: paneer whey beverage blended with pineapple juice and paneer whey beverage blended with strawberry juice, and were stored at refrigerated (4 ± 1oC) and ambient (25 ± 5oC) conditions. Effect of storage on physico-chemical, microbiological and sensory attributes were studied periodically after every 15 days for 90 days of storage period.FindingsThere was significant decrease in brix:acid ratio (p= 0.0008) from 12.0 to 9.3, total sugar (p= 0.017) from 10.8 to 6.8, ascorbic acid (p= 0.002) from 17.8 to 9.3 mg/100 mL and lactose (p= 0.037) from 3.1 to 0.6 per cent content over 90 days of ambient storage period. Total yeast count increased during the initial stages of fermentation and started declining after 60 days of storage. The alcohol production started after 15 days and reached 0.7 per cent after 90 days for paneer whey beverages blended with strawberry juice. The more variations were found in the physico-chemical and microbiological properties of the beverage at ambient storage than refrigeration storage. Highest score for color, flavor, mouthfeel and overall acceptability was found on third days, which decreased further during the storage. The comparative study of the paneer whey beverage blended with strawberry juice stored at ambient and refrigeration temperature showed that maximum decrease was found for score of appearance/color, flavor, mouthfeel and overall acceptability at ambient temperature as compared to refrigeration temperature. Beverage stored at refrigeration temperature was found more acceptable than the beverage which was stored at ambient temperature irrespective of all types of beverages.Originality/valueThe refrigerated beverage was found more acceptable up to 90 days, whereas beverage stored under ambient conditions was found acceptable up to 60 days. The products so obtained had naturally produced CO2, and little alcohol content added effervescence, sparkle, tangy taste and flavoring characteristics.
The effect of chia (Salvia hispanic L.) flour as a substitute for fat in gluten-free bread
Authors: Huerta Katira da Mota , Boeira Caroline Pagnossim , Soquetta Marcela Bromberger , Alves Jamila dos Santos , Kubota Ernesto Hashime , da Rosa Claudia Severo 
Published: November 2018

Purpose
The preparation of gluten-free bread is a challenge because the gluten in wheat is the main ingredient responsible for the retention of the gases which cause the bread to rise. This paper aims to develop breads without gluten and fat, and to evaluate the effect of the use of chia (Salvia hispanic L.) flour on the physical, nutritional and sensory properties of the breads that were developed.

Design/methodology/approach
Three formulations were developed with different proportions of chia flour (2.5, 5 and 7.5%), fat-free. Physiochemical, sensorial analyses were performed out in three repetitions (p-value = 0.05).

Findings
In the nutritional assessment, the results demonstrated that 7.5% chia showed higher levels of protein (15.1%), lipid (3.43%), total fiber (7.04%) and lower levels of carbohydrates (22.49%), with significant nutrient enrichment (p-value = 0.05). The specific volume and the elevation of the dough decreased with the addition of chia flour. In the sensorial analysis, the treatments with chia flour showed no significant difference regarding flavor and texture when compared to the standard. The addition of chia improved the nutritional and sensory properties (p-value = 0.05).

Originality/value
The chia flour improved the nutritional characteristics of the breads, in the reduction of carbohydrate content and the increase in the content of protein, minerals and fiber. It presented good acceptability and good nutritional characteristics, providing a healthy and differentiated variation in this segment.
Optimization of submerged and solid state culture conditions forMonascuspigment production and characterization of its composition and antioxidant activity
Authors: Zeng Huawei , Jie Qiao , Xin Zeng , Dayong Xu , Minghua Xiong , Feng Li , Jianfan Sun , Xuan Jiang , Chuanyun Dai 
Published: November 2018

PurposeMonascuspigment was widely applied in food processing industry as functional additive, so more attention was paid to the fermentation optimization of pigment production. Therefore, this paper aims to evaluate the best possible fermentative conditions for maximum production of biopigment using submerged fermentation (SFM) and solid state fermentation (SSF) byMonascus purpureusHBSD 08.Design/methodology/approachThe biopigment was produced by using an SMF and an SSF with optimized substrate to achieve higher yield. The antioxidant activity was evaluated by DPPH radical scavenging ability, superoxide anion radical scavenging ability and hydroxyl radical scavenging ability. The pigment composition was analyzed by thin layer chromatography.FindingsMaximumMonascuspigment production (79.6 U/ml and 1,102 U/g) were obtained under an SFM and an SFF. The antioxidant activity of the pigment in an SFM was significantly higher than that in an SFM. The composition of pigment was not different in an SFM and an SFF.Originality/valueThe study developed new conditions, andMonascusstrain was a candidate for producing pigment in an SFM and an SFF. To the authors’ best knowledge, this is a first attempt toward comparative evaluation on antioxidant capacity and composition between pigment in an SSF and an SFM. This result will serve forMonascuspigment production.
Which transformational leadership behaviors relate to organizational learning processes?
Authors: Vashdi Dana R. , Levitats Zehavit S. , Grimland Shmuel 
Published: November 2018

PurposeThis paper aims to examine the relationship between behaviors associated with transformational leadership (TL) and the sub-processes of organizational learning (OL) and to explain these relationships based on the ability-motivation-opportunity (AMO) framework.Design/methodology/approachQuestionnaires assessing leadership behaviors and unit learning processes were filled in by 520 employees from 30 units within 9 organizations.FindingsEach sub-process of OL was found to be related to different leadership behaviors. For example, distribution was related to TL components directed toward developing followers’ ability (i.e. vision and intellectual stimulation) and created the opportunity to share knowledge (i.e. supportive leadership). On the other hand, the TL components found to be related to interpretation were those that enhance followers’ motivation to work well in a group (i.e. inspirational communication and personal recognition).Research limitations/implicationsShowing that specific TL behaviors are related to different OL sub-processes emphasizes the importance of each OL sub-process as a distinct outcome. In addition, this study begins to address the possible mechanisms that may explain why specific factors enhance some OL sub-processes, but not others.Practical implicationsThe study’s findings will assist managers and HR practitioners in recognizing which leadership behaviors are to be enhanced to help address particular sub-processes of OL that need improvement.Originality/valueThis paper is the first to examine the fine-tuned relationships between TL and OL and thus adds another explanation regarding why organizations differ in their learning processes and in their eventual outcomes, such as performance and innovation.
Soil micro‐organisms and competitive ability of a tussock grass species in a dry ecosystem
Authors: Lozano Yudi M. , Hortal Sara , Armas Cristina , Pugnaire Francisco I. 
Published: November 2018

Abstract

Drylands are among the most threatened ecosystems in the world because of the effects of global change and because they are not particularly resilient. Regeneration after disturbance is quite slow and secondary succession can be delayed to the point of nearly stop. This is exacerbated when the community is strongly dominated by a single species able to quickly respond after disturbance. One example of such monospecific dominance is the colonization of abandoned fields in SE Spain by an early successional and native tussock grass, Lygeum spartum, that seems to halt succession.

Here we tested the competitive ability of Lygeum against Salsola oppositifolia, a shrub species that can be found interspersed with Lygeum in mid‐successional stages, and assessed how plant–soil interactions mediate the outcome of plant–plant competition. To do so, we sowed seeds and grew plants of Lygeum and Salsola in either intra‐ or interspecific competition under controlled conditions using sterile field soils inoculated with either live (i.e., with micro‐organisms) or sterile soil extracts from the understories of either Lygeum or Salsola. Soil nutrient content, seed germination rate, and shoot mass growth were determined after 5 months, and soil bacterial communities were characterized by sequencing.

Lygeum soil micro‐organisms and soil properties, such as the high content of N and organic matter, enhanced seed germination rate of Lygeum individuals. By contrast, Salsola adults outperformed Lygeum when growing in interspecific competition.

Synthesis. The enhanced competitive ability of Lygeum, which was mediated by soil micro‐organisms, may lead to complete dominance of Lygeum in the plant community right after abandonment of agricultural fields. However, when the plant community is already developed, Lygeum would be unable to enforce such dominance. We conclude that positive plant–soil feedbacks combined with certain plant traits such as clonal growth support the strong resilience of Lygeum and allow for its dominance in extreme habitats.
Groundwater enhances above‐ground growth in mangroves
Authors: Hayes Matthew A. , Jesse Amber , Welti Nina , Tabet Basam , Lockington David , Lovelock Catherine E. 
Published: November 2018

Abstract

Groundwater flow through coastal wetlands plays an important role in the maintenance of productivity of intertidal ecosystems. Groundwater can reduce salinity and increase nutrient availability which can enhance plant growth and alter plant biomass allocation patterns.

Here, we used stable isotopes of oxygen and hydrogen to assess how groundwater influences below‐ground and above‐ground growth in the widespread mangrove species Avicennia marina.

We found source water within tree stems varied seasonally, with non‐saline water use higher in the wet season when rainwater availability was highest compared to the dry season. Stems with higher proportional contribution of non‐saline water had increased above‐ground growth but no effect on below‐ground growth. Below‐ground growth was however influenced by nutrient availability across the intertidal zone which was higher in the high‐ compared to the low‐intertidal zone.

Synthesis. This study shows that mangroves use non‐saline groundwater and rainwater when available rather than saline water sources. Groundwater flows into the intertidal stimulates organic matter accumulation in above‐ground biomass suggesting the availability of non‐saline water sources, such as groundwater and rainfall, are important for the growth and productivity of mangrove forests.
Do racial and ethnic disparities in health care use vary with health?
Authors: Biener Adam I. , Zuvekas Samuel H. 
Published: November 2018

ObjectiveTo determine the relationship between health status and the magnitude of black‐white and Hispanic‐white disparities in the likelihood of having any office‐based or hospital outpatient department visits, as well as number of visits.Data Source2010‐2014 Medical Expenditure Panel Survey.Study DesignThe probability of having a visit is modeled using a Probit model, and the number of visits using a negative binomial model. We use a nonlinear rank‐and‐replace method to adjust minority health status to be comparable to that of whites, and predict utilization at different levels of health by fixing an indicator of health status. We compare estimated differences in predicted utilization across racial/ethnic groups for each level of health status to map out the relationship between the racial/ethnic disparity and health status, also stratifying by health insurance coverage.Extraction MethodsWe subset to nonelderly adults.Principal FindingsWe find that Hispanic‐white differences in the probability of having an office‐based or hospital outpatient department were widest among adults in excellent health (27 percentage points, 95% CI: [23, 31]) and narrowest when reporting poor or fair health (15 p.p. [13, 17]). Black‐white and Hispanic‐white differences in the number of visits were wider for adults who report poor or fair health (5.3 visits [4.0, 6.6] and 5.7 [4.3, 7.0], respectively) compared to excellent health (1.7 [1.2, 2.1] and 1.5 [1.1, 2.0], respectively) among adults who are full‐year privately insured.ConclusionsThe magnitudes of racial/ethnic disparities vary with level of health.
Autophagy and aging: Maintaining the proteome through exercise and caloric restriction
Authors: Escobar Kurt A. , Cole Nathan H. , Mermier Christine M. , VanDusseldorp Trisha A. 
Published: November 2018

AbstractAccumulation of dysfunctional and damaged cellular proteins and organelles occurs during aging, resulting in a disruption of cellular homeostasis and progressive degeneration and increases the risk of cell death. Moderating the accrual of these defunct components is likely a key in the promotion of longevity. While exercise is known to promote healthy aging and mitigate age‐related pathologies, the molecular underpinnings of this phenomenon remain largely unclear. However, recent evidences suggest that exercise modulates the proteome. Similarly, caloric restriction (CR), a known promoter of lifespan, is understood to augment intracellular protein quality. Autophagy is an evolutionary conserved recycling pathway responsible for the degradation, then turnover of cellular proteins and organelles. This housekeeping system has been reliably linked to the aging process. Moreover, autophagic activity declines during aging. The target of rapamycin complex 1 (TORC1), a central kinase involved in protein translation, is a negative regulator of autophagy, and inhibition of TORC1 enhances lifespan. Inhibition of TORC1 may reduce the production of cellular proteins which may otherwise contribute to the deleterious accumulation observed in aging. TORC1 may also exert its effects in an autophagy‐dependent manner. Exercise and CR result in a concomitant downregulation of TORC1 activity and upregulation of autophagy in a number of tissues. Moreover, exercise‐induced TORC1 and autophagy signaling share common pathways with that of CR. Therefore, the longevity effects of exercise and CR may stem from the maintenance of the proteome by balancing the synthesis and recycling of intracellular proteins and thus may represent practical means to promote longevity.
The Role of Social Support in Motivating Reductions in Alcohol Use: A Test of Three Models of Social Support in Alcohol‐Impaired Drivers
Authors: Moon Tae‐Joon , Mathias Charles W. , Mullen Jillian , Karns‐Wright Tara E. , Hill‐Kapturczak Nathalie , Roache John D. , Dougherty Donald M. 
Published: November 2018

BackgroundSocial support has been linked to many therapeutic benefits (e.g., treatment retention, reduced posttreatment relapse) for individuals with alcohol use disorder. However, the positive impacts of social support have not been well understood in the context of alcohol‐impaired driving. This article examines the role of social support in motivating those with histories of driving while intoxicated (DWI) arrest to reduce alcohol use by testing 3 major models of social support: the Main‐Effects model, the Buffering model, and the Optimal Matching model.MethodsOne hundred and nineteen participants with histories of DWI arrest were recruited from a correctional treatment facility (n = 59) and the local community (n = 60). Participants completed interviews to assess alcohol consumption, psychiatric/physical conditions, and psychosocial factors associated with drinking behavior (e.g., social support, alcohol‐related problems, and motivation to change). Hierarchical regression analyses were conducted to test the 3 models. Additionally, the relative magnitude of the effects of general and recovery‐specific social support was compared based on the approach of statistical inference of confidence intervals.ResultsOverall social support was positively associated with some motivation to change (i.e., importance of change, confidence in change) among alcohol‐impaired drivers, supporting the Main‐Effects model. However, the impact of overall social support on motivation to change was not moderated by alcohol‐related problems of individuals arrested for DWI, which did not confirm the Buffering model. Last, recovery‐specific social support, rather than general social support, contributed to increasing motivation to reduce alcohol use, which supported the Optimal Matching model.ConclusionsThese findings highlight the benefits of social support (i.e., increased motivation to change alcohol use) for alcohol‐impaired drivers. Regardless of the severity of alcohol‐related problems of alcohol‐impaired drivers, social support had direct positive impacts on motivation to change. In particular, the results underscore that social support can be more effective when it is matched to the recovery effort of individuals, which is consistent with the Optimal Matching model.
Receipt of radiotherapy after mastectomy in women with breast cancer: Population‐based cohort study in New Zealand
Authors: Latt Phyu Mon , Tin Tin Sandar , Elwood Mark , Lawrenson Ross , Campbell Ian 
Published: November 2018

AbstractPurposeTo investigate the receipt of postmastectomy radiotherapy (PMRT) in breast cancer patients in New Zealand for whom radiotherapy is strongly recommended in current clinical guidelines.MethodThis study involved all women who were diagnosed with primary invasive breast cancer in two health regions, had undergone a mastectomy, and met the “strong recommendation” criteria for PMRT based on New Zealand National Guidelines. We performed logistic regression analyses to identify demographic and clinical factors associated with the receipt of PMRT.ResultsOf the 1455 patients with stage II to III cancers included in this analysis, 1195 (82%) received radiotherapy. The receipt of PMRT decreased with increasing age, and was significantly lower in rural residents, Māori and Pacific women, those with more comorbidity, those who received primary cancer care in a public facility, and those diagnosed with stage III cancer. Although not significant, the receipt was also lower in patients who resided in more deprived neighborhood, and those with comorbidities. The findings restricted to stage III patients (n = 1325), and to those diagnosed since 2010 (n = 422), after the current guidelines were published, which were very similar to the whole cohort.ConclusionDisparities exist in the receipt of PMRT in breast cancer patients in New Zealand, underscoring the need for a greater equity focus in management of breast cancer.