bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Archaeological ethnography of an indigenous movement: Revitalization and production in a Skolt Sámi community
Authors: Magnani Matthew , Magnani Natalia 
Published: February 2018

Indigenous social movements contest histories of relocation, assimilation, and inequality. Archaeologists too have identified such processes in recent and deeper time. But what can ongoing sites of indigenous resistance tell us about those of the archaeological record, and what is the value in the present of linking such phenomena through time? The production of material culture embodies the motivations and constraints of these movements. Objects made and used promise to bridge temporalities, yet have been largely overlooked by anthropologists. To strengthen the ability to theorize such movements, we carry out an archaeological ethnography with the Skolt Sámi community of Arctic Finland. We focus our analysis on revitalization movements—a phenomena recognized at archaeological sites from the Pueblo homelands to western Europe—whereby communities intentionally direct cultural change in response to social stress. We bring anthropological conceptions of revitalization into dialogue with definitions of the term enacted by indigenous communities. The study analyzes the revival of technologies associated with Skolt lifeways: a boat made of planks sewn together with pine roots, and tools used to process inner pine bark. We establish the essential role that production of material culture plays in contemporary indigenous movements, and consider these new insights to critically evaluate and build on archaeological conceptions of revitalization. Nuõrttsää'mkˇiõll ( Skolt Sámi) Alggmeerlaž liikkõõzz kˇiõtt´tâʹlle kolonialiism da assimilaatio historia. Arkeoloog še lie kaunnâm nåkam proseezzid mõõnnâmääiʹjest. Leâša mâiʹd vuäitt ânn’jõž alggmeerlaž vuâsttlâʹsttmõš čuäʹjted miʹjjid seämmanallšem šõddmõõžži pirr mõõnnâmääiʹjest, da mõõn diõtt lij vääžnai raajjâd õhttvuõđ tuâl’jõž- da ânn’jõžääiʹj kõʹskˇkˇe? Ko kˇiõččâp kääuʹnid, kook lie rajjum da õnnum nåkam liikkõõzzi ääiʹj, vueiʹttep õhtteed tuâl’jõž da ânn’ jõž sosiaalaž proseezzid. Nåkam liikkõõzzi fiʹttjõõzz nâânummuž diõtt muäna tueʹjjeep ânn’jõž arkeoloog projeekt aarktlaž Lääʹddjânnam nuõrttsääʹm-meerin. Muäna kõskkeep analyysân jeäll’tummša - kååʹtt lij vuåinnum arkeolooglaž pääiʹkˇin Pueblo vuuʹdest viõstâr Euroʹppe – koin õhttsažkååʹdd åʹcce muttâz vasttõsân kulttuurlaž da sosiaal stressa. Tuʹtkˇkˇõs analysâstt sääʹmjieʹllemvuâkka õhttneei teknologia jäll’jummuž: pieʹʒʒ vueʹddivuiʹm njõʹđđum võnnâz da tuâjjneävv, koin låʹhteet pieʹʒʒ. Muäna čiõʹlǧǧeep aunnsallaš kulttuur puuttõõzz vääžnai rool alggmeerlaž liikkõõzzin tääʹl, da väʹlddep lokku täid ođđ fiʹttjõõzzid ko ärvvtõõllâp da raajjâp arkeolooglaž jurddi jeäll’tummšest. Muäna eʹtkˇkˇeep, što jeeʹres ääiʹjin da pääiʹkˇin šõddâm vuâsttlâʹsttmõõžži õhttummuš nâânad õhttvuõdid alggmeeri kõõskâst tääʹl pirr maaiʹlm.
Landscapes of Production and Punishment: Convict labour in the Australian context
Authors: Tuffin Richard , Gibbs Martin , Roberts David , Maxwell-Stewart Hamish , Roe David , Steele Jody , Hood Susan , Godfrey Barry 
Published: February 2018

This paper presents an interdisciplinary project that uses archaeological and historical sources to explore the formation of a penal landscape in the Australian colonial context. The project focuses on the convict-period legacy of the Tasman Peninsula (Tasmania, Australia), in particular the former penal station of Port Arthur (1830–1877). The research utilises three exceptional data series to examine the impact of convict labour on landscape and the convict body: the archaeological record of the Tasman Peninsula, the life course data of the convicts and the administrative record generated by decades of convict labour management. Through these, the research seeks to demonstrate how changing ideologies affected the processes and outcomes of convict labour and its products, as well as how the landscapes we see today were formed and developed in response to a complex interplay of multi-scalar penological and economic influences. Areas of inquiry: Australian convict archaeology and history. The archaeology and history of Australian convict labour management. The archaeology and history of the Tasman Peninsula.
Early detection of myocardial dysfunction using two-dimensional speckle tracking echocardiography in a young cat with hypertrophic cardiomyopathy
Authors: Suzuki Ryohei , Mochizuki Yohei , Yoshimatsu Hiroki , Niina Ayaka , Teshima Takahiro , Matsumoto Hirotaka , Koyama Hidekazu 
Published: February 2018

Case summary A 5-month-old intact female Scottish Fold cat was presented for cardiac evaluation. Careful auscultation detected a slight systolic murmur (Levine I/VI). The findings of electrocardiography, thoracic radiography, non-invasive blood pressure measurements and conventional echocardiographic studies were unremarkable. However, two-dimensional speckle tracking echocardiography revealed abnormalities in myocardial deformations, including decreased early-to-late diastolic strain rate ratios in longitudinal, radial and circumferential directions, and deteriorated segmental systolic longitudinal strain. At the follow-up examinations, the cat exhibited echocardiographic left ventricular hypertrophy and was diagnosed with hypertrophic cardiomyopathy using conventional echocardiography. Relevance and novel information This is the first report on the use of two-dimensional speckle tracking echocardiography for the early detection of myocardial dysfunction in a cat with hypertrophic cardiomyopathy; the myocardial dysfunction was detected before the development of hypertrophy. The findings from this case suggest that two-dimensional speckle tracking echocardiography can be useful for myocardial assessment when conventional echocardiographic and Doppler findings are ambiguous.
Heart and Soul: Transferring ‘Socio-emotional Wealth’ (SEW) in Family Business Succession
Authors: Makó Csaba , Csizmadia Péter , Heidrich Balázs 
Published: February 2018

The importance of the family business (FB) is not only stable but it is also improving its position in the global economy and playing a key role in the European economy. They represent 60 per cent of the employment and more than 60 million jobs in the private sector. But they face many internal challenges, of which the importance of ‘company succession’ is growing together with the need for technology renewal and attracting the right skills/talents ( PwC, 2014 ). This article focuses on the transfer of socio-emotional wealth (SEW) as a key intangible asset during intergenerational changes in the FB ( Debicki, Kellermanns, Chrisman, Pearson, & Spencer, 2016 ; Gómez-Mehija, Takács Haynes, Núnez-Nickel, Jackobson, & Moyano-Fuentes, 2007 ; Martinez-Romero & Rojo-Ramírez, 2016). Using empirical experiences based on multi-site company case studies in three countries (Hungary, Poland and the UK), the analysis presents the transfer of the following key components of the SEW to the next generation: a trust-based social-system, generic human values (namely, openness, mutual respect, correctness, reliability and responsibility) and ‘practice based–embedded collective knowledge’. We find that a key lesson is that transferring physical assets in the succession process seems to be less important than the transfer of the intangible ones embedded in the company’s culture because of the complex, informal and dynamic nature of the transferring mechanisms and of the role they play in sustaining entrepreneurial willingness and economic success over generations.
Evolution of respiratory function in Duchenne muscular dystrophy from childhood to adulthood
Authors: LoMauro Antonella , Romei Marianna , Gandossini Sandra , Pascuzzo Riccardo , Vantini Simone , D'Angelo Maria Grazia , Aliverti Andrea 
Published: February 2018

In Duchenne muscular dystrophy (DMD), it is still to be determined if specific timepoints can be identified during the natural evolution of respiratory dysfunction from childhood to adulthood and if scoliosis, steroid therapy and nocturnal noninvasive mechanical ventilation (NIMV) have any effect on it.In a 7-year retrospective study performed on 115 DMD patients (6–24 years), evaluated once or twice per year, with 574 visits in total, evolution mean curves of spirometry, lung volumes, spontaneous breathing and thoraco-abdominal pattern (measured by optoelectronic plethysmography) parameters were obtained by nonlinear regression model analysis.While predicted values of forced vital capacity, forced expiratory volume in 1 s, and peak expiratory flow decline continuously since childhood, during spontaneous breathing the following parameters become significantly different than normal in sequence: abdominal contribution to tidal volume (lower after 14.8 years), tidal volume (lower after 17.2 years), minute ventilation (lower after 18.1 years) and respiratory rate (higher after 22.1 years). Restrictive lung pattern and diaphragmatic impairment are exacerbated by scoliosis severity, slowed by steroids treatment and significantly affected by NIMV.Spirometry, lung volumes, breathing pattern and thoraco-abdominal contributions show different evolution curves over time. Specific timepoints of respiratory impairment are identified during disease progression. These should be considered when defining outcome measures in clinical trials and treatment strategies in DMD.
Intravenous magnesium sulfate for acute wheezing in young children: a randomised double-blind trial
Authors: Pruikkonen Hannele , Tapiainen Terhi , Kallio Merja , Dunder Teija , Pokka Tytti , Uhari Matti , Renko Marjo 
Published: February 2018

Magnesium sulfate has been shown to be an effective treatment in older children with asthma exacerbations, but it has not been investigated in acute severe virus-induced wheezing in young children.The study enrolled 61 children aged 6 months to 4 years. Inclusion criteria were severe wheezing, classified as a score of ≥6 points as assessed by the Respiratory Distress Assessment Instrument (RDAI) after initial treatment with salbutamol, and the symptoms of acute viral infection. The children were randomly allocated to receive either an infusion of magnesium sulfate (40 mg·kg−1) or 0.9% sodium chloride as a placebo infusion for 20 min. Primary outcome measure was mean change in RDAI scores from baseline to 6 h after the treatment.Change in the severity of wheezing from baseline to 6 h after the treatment, as measured by mean±sdRDAI scores, was 4.7±2.6 in the magnesium sulfate group and 4.2±4.2 in the placebo group (difference 0.5, 95% CI −1.3 to 2.3, p=0.594).Intravenous magnesium sulfate was ineffective in treating acute severe virus-induced wheezing in young children, in contrast to the previous efficacy demonstrated in older children.
E-cigarette vapour enhances pneumococcal adherence to airway epithelial cells
Authors: Miyashita Lisa , Suri Reetika , Dearing Emma , Mudway Ian , Dove Rosamund E , Neill Daniel R. , Van Zyl-Smit Richard , Kadioglu Aras , Grigg Jonathan 
Published: February 2018

E-cigarette vapour contains free radicals with the potential to induce oxidative stress. Since oxidative stress in airway cells increases platelet-activating factor receptor (PAFR) expression, and PAFR is co-opted by pneumococci to adhere to host cells, we hypothesised that E-cigarette vapour increases pneumococcal adhesion to airway cells.Nasal epithelial PAFR was assessed in non-vaping controls, and in adults before and after 5 min of vaping. We determined the effect of vapour on oxidative stress-induced, PAFR-dependent pneumococcal adhesion to airway epithelial cellsin vitro, and on pneumococcal colonisation in the mouse nasopharynx. Elemental analysis of vapour was done by mass spectrometry, and oxidative potential of vapour assessed by antioxidant depletionin vitro.There was no difference in baseline nasal epithelial PAFR expression between vapers (n=11) and controls (n=6). Vaping increased nasal PAFR expression. Nicotine-containing and nicotine-free E-cigarette vapour increased pneumococcal adhesion to airway cellsin vitro. Vapour-stimulated adhesionin vitrowas attenuated by the PAFR blocker CV3988. Nicotine-containing E-cigarette vapour increased mouse nasal PAFR expression, and nasopharyngeal pneumococcal colonisation. Vapour contained redox-active metals, had considerable oxidative activity, and adhesion was attenuated by the antioxidant N-acetyl cysteine.This study suggests that E-cigarette vapour has the potential to increase susceptibility to pneumococcal infection.
Incidence and predictive factors of lung cancer in patients with idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis
Authors: Kato Eisuke , Takayanagi Noboru , Takaku Yotaro , Kagiyama Naho , Kanauchi Tetsu , Ishiguro Takashi , Sugita Yutaka 
Published: February 2018

The incidence and risk factors of lung cancer in patients with idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) have been poorly investigated.We conducted a retrospective study of 632 patients with IPF to assess the incidence and risk factors of lung cancer development.Seventy patients developed lung cancer over a median follow-up period of 3.8 years. The incidence density of lung cancer development was 25.2 cases per 1000 person-years. The most frequent type was squamous cell carcinoma (30%), the majority developed lung cancer in the peripheral lung (82.9%) and adjacent to usual interstitial pneumonia (75.7%). In a multivariate Cox regression hazard model, pack-years of smoking ≥35 and coexisting emphysema were associated with lung cancer development. The 1-, 3- and 5-year all-cause mortality rates after lung cancer diagnosis were 53.5%, 78.6% and 92.9%, respectively.The incidence density of lung cancer is high in IPF patients and occurs more frequently in patients with smoking history of pack-years of smoking ≥35 and with coexisting emphysema. The majority of lung cancers develop adjacent to usual interstitial pneumonia. Knowledge of these factors may help direct efforts for early detection of lung cancer and disease management.
The protein kinase D1-mediated classical protein secretory pathway regulates the Ras oncogene-induced senescence response
Authors: Su Yuanyuan , Wang Pengfeng , Shen Hong , Sun Zhaomeng , Xu Chenzhong , Li Guodong , Tong Tanjun , Chen Jun 
Published: February 2018

ABSTRACT
Senescent cells develop a senescence-associated secretory phenotype (SASP). The factors secreted by cells with a SASP have multiple biological functions that are mediated in an autocrine or paracrine manner. However, the status of the protein kinase D1 (PKD1; also known as PRKD1)-mediated classical protein secretory pathway, from the trans-Golgi network (TGN) to the cell surface, during cellular senescence and its role in the cellular senescence response remain unknown. Here, we show that the activities or quantities of critical components of this pathway, including PKD1, ADP-ribosylation factor 1 (ARF1) and phosphatidylinositol 4-kinase IIIβ (PI4KIIIβ), at the TGN are increased in senescent cells. Blocking of this pathway decreases IL-6 and IL-8 (hereafter IL-6/IL-8) secretion and results in IL-6/IL-8 accumulation in SASP-competent senescent cells. Inhibition of this pathway reduces IL-6/IL-8 secretion during Ras oncogene-induced senescence (OIS), retards Ras OIS and alleviates its associated ER stress and autophagy. Finally, targeting of this pathway triggers cell death in SASP factor-producing senescent cells due to the intracellular accumulation of massive amounts of IL-6/IL-8. Taken together, our results unveil the hyperactive state of the protein secretory pathway in SASP-competent senescent cells and its critical functions in mediating SASP factor secretion and the Ras OIS process, as well as in determining the fate of senescent cells.
Phosphorylation of ARHGAP19 by CDK1 and ROCK regulates its subcellular localization and function during mitosis
Authors: Marceaux Claire , Petit Dominique , Bertoglio Jacques , David Muriel D. 
Published: February 2018

ABSTRACT
ARHGAP19 is a hematopoietic-specific Rho GTPase-activating protein (RhoGAP) that acts through the RhoA/ROCK pathway to critically regulate cell elongation and cytokinesis during lymphocyte mitosis. We report here that, during mitosis progression, ARHGAP19 is sequentially phosphorylated by the RhoA-activated kinases ROCK1 and ROCK2 (hereafter ROCK) on serine residue 422, and by CDK1 on threonine residues 404 and 476. The phosphorylation of ARHGAP19 by ROCK occurs before mitosis onset and generates a binding site for 14-3-3 family proteins. ARHGAP19 is then phosphorylated by CDK1 in prometaphase. The docking of 14-3-3 proteins to phosphorylated S422 protects ARHGAP19 from dephosphorylation of the threonine sites and prevents ARHGAP19 from relocating to the plasma membrane during prophase and metaphase, thus allowing RhoA to become activated. Disruption of these phosphorylation sites results in premature localization of ARHGAP19 at the cell membrane and in its enrichment to the equatorial cortex in anaphase leading to cytokinesis failure and cell multinucleation.
Sexual dimorphism in the width of the mouse synaptonemal complex
Authors: Agostinho Ana , Kouznetsova Anna , Hernández-Hernández Abrahan , Bernhem Kristoffer , Blom Hans , Brismar Hjalmar , Höög Christer 
Published: February 2018

ABSTRACT
Sexual dimorphism has been used to describe morphological differences between the sexes, but can be extended to any biologically related process that varies between males and females. The synaptonemal complex (SC) is a tripartite structure that connects homologous chromosomes in meiosis. Here, aided by super-resolution microscopy techniques, we show that the SC is subject to sexual dimorphism, in mouse germ cells. We have identified a significantly narrower SC in oocytes and have established that this difference does not arise from a different organization of the lateral elements nor from a different isoform of transverse filament protein SYCP1. Instead, we provide evidence for the existence of a narrower central element and a different integration site for the C-termini of SYCP1, in females. In addition to these female-specific features, we speculate that post-translation modifications affecting the SYCP1 coiled-coil region could render a more compact conformation, thus contributing to the narrower SC observed in females.
Anatomic distribution of hematoma following pelvic fracture
Authors: Uludag Narin , Tötterman Anna , Beckman Mats O , Sundin Anders 
Published: February 2018

Objective:
To assess the extent of pelvic hemorrhage on CT and to estimate its significance on outcome in patients with blunt high-energy pelvic trauma.

Methods:
576 patients with blunt high-energy pelvic fractures in 2005–2011 were identified in the hospital’s Trauma Registry (a major Trauma Center). 60 of these met our further inclusion criteria of initial systolic blood pressure ≤100 mmHg and pelvic-related hemorrhage. CT scans of the patients were reviewed with regard to pelvic and abdominal retroperitoneal hemorrhage, type of fracture (Tile classification) and associated injuries. Extent of hemorrhage was correlated to 30-day mortality, transfusion requirements and need of angiography. Statistical methods include Pearson’s Χ 2 test and Fisher’s exact test.

Results:
Pelvic hemorrhage extended beyond the pelvis to the abdominal area in 47% of the patients, to the thighs in 25% and to the gluteal areas in 81%. The extent of hemorrhage was significantly associated with the need for blood transfusions (p = 0.011) and angiography (p &lt; 0.001), but not with 30-day mortality.

Conclusion:
Traumatic pelvic bleeding frequently extends beyond the true pelvis. Extrapelvic hemorrhage correlates with an increased need of transfusions, but not with 30-day mortality. Further studies are needed to assess whether present techniques to control pelvic bleeding need to be modified in order to further reduce mortality in traumatic pelvic hemorrhage.

Advances in knowledge:
The study shows localization of pelvic hemorrhage in trauma patients. It may help to select patients in need of further interventions to control bleeding.
Biological effects of amniotic membrane on diabetic foot wounds: a systematic review
Authors: Paggiaro André Oliveira , Menezes Andriws Garcia , Ferrassi Alexandra Donizetti , De Carvalho Viviane Fernandes , Gemperli Rolf 
Published: February 2018

Objective: The amniotic membrane has biological properties that are beneficial to the wound healing process of diabetic foot ulcers (DFU). Our aim is to analyse the scientific evidence found in literature on the use of the amniotic membrane to stimulate DFU healing. Method: A systematic review of amniotic membrane's influence was undertaken, using the search terms ‘placenta’ ‘diabetic foot’ ‘amnion’ and biological dressing’, assessing the outcomes ‘wound healing’ and ‘wound healing time’, in DFU. Following the inclusion and exclusion criteria, randomised controlled trials (RCT) were identified, and the risk of bias was analysed according to the Cochrane risk of bias tool. We conducted a meta-analysis of the two outcomes to evaluate the level of evidence. Results: We identified six clinical trials, with a total of 331 patients. The most common risks of bias in the studies were selection, attrition, and detection biases. From the meta-analysis, the difference of the intervention group (amnion) in relation to the control group was statistically significant. We found that wound healing in the group treated with amniotic membrane occurs 2.32 times more often and is 32 days faster in comparison with the group that used conventional dressings. Conclusion: There is statistical evidence to support the effectiveness of amniotic membrane in comparison with other conventional dressings. In addition, there is a clear tendency for the use of amniotic membrane treatment to result in a larger number of DFUs healing at a quicker rate.
Saccharin: a cheap and mild acidic agent for the synthesis of azo dyes via telescoped dediazotization
Authors: Khaligh Nader Ghaffari , Johan Mohd Rafie , Joon Ching Juan 
Published: February 2018

Abstract
Green synthesis methods are considered as a safer alternative to the conventional synthetic processes due to their eco-friendly nature, cost-effectiveness, and easy handling. In the present study, an eco-friendly and sustainable method for the synthesis of stable arenediazonium has been developed using saccharin as a cheap and mild acidic agent and tert-butyl nitrite as a diazotization reagent for the first time. These stable intermediates were used in the azo coupling reaction with 4-hydroxybenzaldehyde via telescoped dediazotization. The current method has advantages such as reduced waste by avoiding solvent for the purification of intermediate in diazotization step, cost-effectiveness, simple experimental procedure, good yield of azo dyes, metal-free waste, and environmentally benign conditions. An interesting aspect of this study is the recovery of saccharin from the reaction, which could be reused.