bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Trade العلاقات التجارية للدولة الصفوية مع الدول الخارجية
Authors: كاكةامين دارا تؤفيق 
Published: January 2019

Trade relations of the Safavid state with foreign countries
Trade is one of the most important economic activities, where the consumer gets to life through a point of communication between the producer and the consumer. Trade is divided into internal and external trade, where the internal trader's responsibility is to deliver and provide products and services within the geographical boundaries of the state. Foreign trade is the process of exchanging national economic products outside the country's geographical borders, as well as the transfer of ownership of products and resources to one another through the import and export process.
Therefore, trade is the important areas of life, which have become important factors that affected the economy (Iran) in a record period in the Safavid era, which led to the expansion and development of trade relations with neighboring countries abroad, and in order to recognize the importance of this aspect, this research Shows the importance of trade and its impact on political treaties of that era.
This research is divided into an introduction with three main sections, the first deals with domestic and foreign trade, while the second section highlights the attention on trade routes, either the third and last section was for the purpose of studying the commercial relations of Safavid with other Nations, which include the (Ottoman, The Portuguese, British, Dutch, French, and Russians).
التركيبُ الشرطيُّ في موشحات ابن الصباغ الجذامي
Authors: Taha Jarjees 
Published: January 2019

هذا البحث بعنوان " التركيب الشرطي في موشحات ابن الصباغ الجذامي " دراسة في البنية والدلالة، وابن الصباغ الجذامي من الشعراء الذين جمعوا التوشيح إلى فن الشعر؛ فكان من الشعراء الوشاحين في الأندلس، وهو من شعراء القرن السابع الهجري، وقد عاش في أواخر عهد الموحدين ببلاد الأندلس. وقد دفعني إلى هذا البحث كثرةُ الدراسات الأدبية والنقدية حول فن الموشحات، وندرة الدراسات اللغوية بشكل عام، والدراسات النحوية بشكل خاص، وأمّا اختيار ابن الصباغ؛ فكان لميزة اتسمت بها موشحاته فهي تكاد تقتصر على غرض المديح النبوي والحنين إلى زيارة قبر الرسول صلى الله عليه وسلم مع سلاسة اللغة وسهولتها مقارنة بالموشحات الأخرى. ومما اتسمت به هذه الموشحات لابن الصباغ كثرة الظواهر التركيبية في أسلوب الشرط الذي تردد كثيرا بين جنبات النصوص التوشيحية، فكان أن تمت دراسة هذه الظواهر بعد عرض الأنماط البنيوية التي ورد عليها التركيب الشرطي. ومنها ظواهر: اقتران الشرط بالقسم، واقتران جواب الشرط بالفاء، وحذف الفاء في جواب الشرط ، وإطالة البناء في التركيب الشرطي في الشرط وفي الجواب على حد سواء، وتفصيل وسائل هذه الإطالة تركيبيا وبيان أثرها دلاليا، وكذلك دراسة سمة أخرى في موشحات ابن الصباغ وهي حذف جواب الشرط. وقد أبان البحث عن الظواهر التي وافق فيها ابن الصباغ الظواهر التركيبية عند النحويين ثم أبان عن الظواهر التي خالف فيها القاعدة النحوية في باب الشرط من قبيل حذف فاء الجواب من مواضعها. وقد خُـتم البحث بعرض النتائج التي توصل إليها من الوصف التحليلي لتركيب الشرط في موشحاته، وثبت للمصادر والمراجع المعتمدة في البحث.
UFOP Educativa FM 20 anos: rádio pública e conhecimento científico
Authors: Lopez Debora Cristina , Viana Luana , Avelar Kamilla , Maritan Matheus 
Published: January 2019

O presente artigo busca analisar o percurso histórico da Rádio UFOP Educativa 106.3 FM, explorando os principais pontos que marcaram a trajetória dessa emissora pública que transmite desde 1998. Começamos discutindo o segmento de rádio público e educativo no país para, a partir disso, apresentarmos a história da Rádio UFOP Educativa 106.3 FM. Adotamos as metodologias de revisão de literatura e entrevista semi-estruturada, para coletar os relatos que fizeram parte da sua memória a fim de compreendermos as transformações que o veículo passou ao longo da sua existência.
Yeşil renkli gölgeleme ağlarının bazı radyometrik özellikleri ve ortam mikrokliması ile bitki gelişimi üzerine etkisi
Authors: TEZCAN Nefise Yasemin 
Published: January 2019

Bu çalışma, Antalya'da Akdeniz Üniversitesi Ziraat Fakültesi Araştırma
ve Uygulama Çiftliğinde açık tarla (756 m2) koşullarında
yürütülmüştür. Denemede gölgeleme materyali olarak % 40, % 55, % 75
ve % 95 gölgeleme oranlı 4 farklı yeşil ışık seçici ağ kullanılmıştır.
Araştırmada, ışık seçici ağların bazı radyometrik özellikleri (toplam ışınım ve
fotosentetik etkin ışınım (PAR)) belirlenmiştir. Çalışmada ağların ortam
mikroklimasına etkisini belirlemek için iç ortam hava sıcaklığı ile nem
değerleri uygun algılayıcılarla ölçülmüştür. Ağların bitki gelişimi üzerine
etkisini belirlemek amacıyla ışık seçici ağlar ve açık tarla koşullarında
domates bitkisi yetiştirilmiştir. Elde edilen bulgulara göre % 40
gölgeleme oranlı yeşil ağ toplam ışınım ve PAR bandında en yüksek geçirgenliği
göstermiştir.
Isı gereksinimine ve çiğlenme sıcaklığına göre ipekböceği yetiştiriciliğinde uygun besleme döneminin ve çatı örtü malzemesinin belirlenmesi
Authors: GENÇOĞLAN Serpil , BAŞPINAR Ayşe , GENÇOĞLAN Cafer 
Published: January 2019

Bu
çalışmanın amacı, farklı çatı örtü malzemeli barınakta yetiştirilen
ipekböceğinin ısı gereksinimine ve çiğlenme sıcaklığına göre uygun besleme
dönemini ve çatı örtü malzemesini belirlemektir. Bu amaçla Kahramanmaraş ilinde 20 000 adet ipekböceği için
doğal havalandırmalı ve 2 farklı çatı örtü malzemeli (düz betonarme tavan,
yalıtımsız galvanizli sac) barınak planlanmıştır. İlde dut yapraklarının çıkış
zamanı belirlendikten sonra bu zamana denk gelecek şekilde ipekböceği
yetiştirme dönemi başlangıç tarihleri 27 Nisan ve 1 Mayıs olarak seçilmiştir.
Bu tarihlerden başlayarak 27 günlük ipekböceği yetiştirme döneminin ısı
gereksinimi, ısı ve nem dengesi yöntemine göre belirlenmiştir. Nisan ve mayıs
aylarının 36 yıllık aylık ortalama sıcaklık ve oransal nem değerlerinin % 80
olma olasılığı sırasıyla 17.2 °C ve 21.5 °C ile % 63.2 ve % 58.7
olarak bulunmuştur. Yapılan ısı hesaplamaları sonucunda 1 Mayıs
yetiştiriciliğinin ısı gereksiniminin diğer döneme göre daha düşük olduğu
belirlenmiştir. Düz betonarme tavanlı ipekböceği barınağında yetiştiriciliğe 1
Mayıs'ta başlanıldığında ısı gereksinimi, 5 larva döneminde sırasıyla 1203.31,
1018.19, 833.06, 647.94 ve 1780.68 W h-1, yalıtımsız galvaniz
saclı ipekböceği barınağında ise 1718.35, 1453.99, 1189.63, 925.27 ve 1978.78 W h-1
olarak bulunmuştur. Düz betonarme tavanlı barınağın ısı gereksinimi,
yalıtımsız galvanizli saçlı barınağınki ile karşılaştırıldığında 1. ve 4. larva
dönemleri arasında % 29.97, 5. larva döneminde ise % 10 daha az
olduğu belirlenmiştir. Bu sonuçlara göre hem ısı gereksiniminin düşük olması
hem de dut yapraklarının çıkışı göz önüne alındığında besleme dönemi başlangıcı
1 Mayıs, çatı örtü malzemesi olarak da barınağın ısı gereksinimi ve çatı örtü
malzemelerinin çiğlenme sıcaklık değerine göre düz betonarme tavanın daha uygun
olduğu belirlenmiştir.
Anthropic Principle Algorithm:A new Heuristic Optimization Meth
Authors: Oroski Elder , Pês Beatriz S. , Lopez Rafael H. , Bauchspiess Adolfo 
Published: January 2019

Heuristic optimization is an appealing method for solving some en- gineering problems, in which gradient information may not be available, or yet, when the problem presents many minima points. Thus, the goal of this paper is to present a new heuristic algorithm based on the Anthropic Prin- ciple, the Anthropic Principle Algorithm (APA). This algorithm is based on the following idea: the universe developed itself in the exact way to allow the existence of all current things, including life. This idea is very similar to the convergence in an optimization process. Arguing about the merit of the An- thropic Principle is not among the goals of this paper. This principle is treated only as an inspiration for heuristic optimization algorithms. In the final of the paper, some applications of the APA are presented. Classical problems such as Rosenbrock function minimization, system identification examples and min- imization of some benchmark functions are also presented. In order to vali- date the APA’s functionality, a comparison between the APA and the classic heuristic algorithms, Genetic Algorithm (GA) and Particle Swarm Optimiza- tion (PSO) is made. In this comparison, the APA presented better results in majority of tested cases, proving that it has a great potential for application in optimization problems.
The Model of Dependence of the Temperature of the Surface Layer of Atmosphere from the Earth's Albedo and Thermal Inertia of the Hydrosphere
Authors: Zavalishin Nicolay Nikolayevich 
Published: January 2019

The assumption of M. Milankovich about the constancy of the Earth's albedo during the interglacial period was replaced with the alternative one. The model was developed where anomalies of the average annual temperature of the surface atmosphere were related with interannual changes in the planetary albedo and the thermal inertia of the hydrosphere. The surface temperature changes due to albedo actual and model changes were calculated. Possible external causes of albedo changes were considered.
Editorial for the Inaugural Issue: Grande Medical Journal (GMJ)
Authors: Kafle Prakash 
Published: January 2019

We are proud and honored to launch the inaugural issue of our new academic endeavor – Grande Medical Journal (GMJ), published by Academic & Research Department, Grande International Hospital (GIH).
GMJ is an annual, open, peer-reviewed interdisciplinary journal that encompasses all fields of medicine and clinical practice. GMJ will be published both in print and online. It will be freely accessible via the internet through GIH’s website with open access to the full text of articles.
There will be no subscription fees to the readers or processing fees for the authors. Publisher and authors who publish in the journal will jointly retain the copyright to their article.
The editorial policy of GMJ will be guided by the high standards of scientific quality and integrity, professional responsibility, and ethical legacy. GMJ follows double-blind peer-review process. This minimizes the possibility of a biased opinion ensuring a responsible and ethical environment.
GMJ will be initially published as one issue per year, and with contributions from national and international physicians and scientists, we aim to increase the frequency to two issues per year. GMJ will publish original research, clinical review, invited reviews, case report, clinical problem solving, clinical images, short communications, and editorials.
This inaugural issue features fifteen scientific papers - 1 invited review, 3 original researches, 2 clinical reviews, 1 clinical images article, 8 case reports.
The editorial board is committed to get the journal indexed in major search engines, indices, and databases to increase their visibility/ searchability and recognition in wider scientific community. For us to achieve these goals, in the forthcoming issues we seek to publish original, high-quality, peerreviewed papers including original clinical and editorials, clinical reviews, and correspondence on matters that will provide comprehensive coverage on all aspects and subspecialties of medicine.
We would like to thank everyone who has worked diligently behind the scenes to bring this inaugural issue to fruition. This launch of the GMJ would not have been possible without the contributions from authors, and experienced and devoted reviewers who willingly signed up for timeconsuming workloads and enthusiastically agreed to provide their critical input to the review process.
Thank you all for your trust and support. Indeed, it is a real honor to serve as the founding editors.
Sincerely Yours,Prakash Kafle, MSEditor-in-Chief
Acquired B antigen in ABO blood group system: Non-secretor group 'A1' subtype, Rh positive with auto antibodies in a patient with urinary tract infection with E. coli
Authors: Nepal Bipin , Shrestha Bikash , Mahat Ravi , Adhikari Abish 
Published: January 2019

This is case report of a female with “A” sub type with acquired B antigen and non-secretor status, first ever reported with this combination in Nepal, during blood grouping of a sample of a patient with urinary tract infection. The patient was referred to our center for blood grouping, cross matching and transfusion due to severe anemia.
During routine blood grouping, the red cells showed mixed field agglutination with anti-A, anti- AB and microscopic agglutination with anti-B. On serum grouping, we detected potent Anti-B and no agglutination with anti-A. There was no reaction with anti-A both at room temperature and at 37°C. Her cells were further tested with A1 Lectin and Anti-H antisera. There was strong reaction with A1 Lectin and 3+ macroscopic reaction with anti-H in addition to a positive auto-control. Her direct antiglobulin test was only +1 positive. For her “B” antigen, we acidified B antisera with HCl, which did not give any macro or microscopic agglutination with patient’s red cells. Her “Rh” status was positive and on examining the saliva, she was found to be non-secretor.
The first choice of blood group for transfusion in this case is the “A1” sub type followed by “O” blood group. As the patient had already received “A” blood group and in the presence of auto antibodies, “A subgroup” blood transfusion should be avoided in her.
Pertimbangan Hakim dalam Menjatuhkan Putusan Tindak Pidana Narkotika yang Dilakukan Pengedar pada Putusan No: 2071/Pid.Sus/2016/Pn-Mdn
Authors: Sirait Erick Wellington , Rafiqi Rafiqi 
Published: January 2019

<p class="1judul"><em>Judge's Consideration in Making Narcotics Criminal Decisions Conducted Distributors on Decision No: 2071/Pid.Sus/2016/Pn-Mdn</em><em></em></p><p class="1judul"> </p><h1><span lang="EN-US">Narcotics circulation and abuse cases in Indonesia are at a very alarming level. This illegal drug easily makes victims in the community, even law enforcement officials involved as dealers and users of drugs. The problem that will be discussed is the judge's consideration of the Narcotics crime in the Decision No. case. 2071 / Pid.Sus / 2016 / PN.Mdn which was decided by the Judge was in accordance with the theory of justice. To discuss this problem, research was carried out using library research methods, namely by conducting research on various written reading sources, and Field Research methods, namely by taking Decision No: 2071 / Pid.Sus / 2016 / PN .Mdn is the case of Narcotics Crime which is related to the title of this Thesis. The results showed that the judges' consideration in dropping and deciding cases of narcotics crimes in the decision No: 2071 / Pid.Sus / 2016 / PN-Mdn was the fulfillment of the elements in article 114 paragraph 2 in conjunction with article 132 paragraph 1 of RI Law No. 35 of 2009 concerning Narcotics as regulated and threatened by crimes according to Article 114 paragraph 1 of RI Law No. 35 of 2009 concerning Narcotics</span></h1>
Validitas Perangkat Realistic Mathematics Berbasis Kearifan Budaya Lokal Gayo
Authors: Yustinaningrum Bettri , Nurmalina Nurmalina , Nurliana Nurliana 
Published: January 2019

Realistic Mathematics berbasis kearifan budaya lokal menekankan pada pembelajaran matematika yang dikaitkan dengan realita dan aktivitas kebudayaan siswa. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mengembangkan perangkat pembelajaran Realistic Mathematic s berbasis kearifan budaya lokal suku Gayo pada materi geometri. Pengembangan perangkat pembelajaran menggunakan model 4-D yang terdiri atas tahap menefinisikan (define), mendesain (design), mengembangkan (development), dan menyebarkan (dissemination). Perangkat pembelajaran yang dibuat adalah silabus, RPP, LKS, dan buku siswa. Melalui hasil pengembangan perangkat pembelajaran diperoleh bahwa perangkat pembelajaran valid berdasarkan hasil validitas pakar.
Kata Kunci : kearifan budaya lokal, Realistic Mathematic s, suku Gayo.

ABSTRACT
Realistic Mathematics based on local wisdom emphasizes the mathematics learning which is associated with students’ reality and cultural activities. The purpose of this research is to develop Realistic Mathematic s learning kit based on the local wisdom of Gayo on geometry. The learning kits are developed by using the 4-D model (define, design, develop, and dissemination). The learning kits consist of syllabus, lesson plans, student worksheets, and student books. The learning kits are valid based on the face validity.
Keywords: local wisdom, Realistic Mathematic s, Gayonese.
Analisis Soal Penilaian Akhir Semester Mata Pelajaran Matematika Berdasarkan Level Berpikir
Authors: Himmah Wulan Izzatul 
Published: January 2019

Tujuan penelitian ini adalah mendeskripsikan soal berdasarkan level berpikir, yakni dengan mengelompokkan soal berdasarkan level Lower Order Thinking Skills (LOTS), Middle Order Thinking Skills (MOTS), atau Higher Order Thinking Skills (HOTS) serta mengelompokkan soal berdasarkan jenis stimulus yang digunakan sebagai dasar pertanyaan. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian deskriptif jenis analisis dokumen. Dokumen yang dianalisis pada penelitian ini adalah dokumen soal Penilaian Akhir Semester Genap pada mata pelajaran matematika kelas VIII di tingkat SMP salah satu sekolah di Kota Semarang tahun pelajaran 2017/2018. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa lebih dari tiga perempat dari keseluruhan soal berada pada kategori Middle Order Thinking Skills (MOTS), kurang dari seperempat dari keseluruhan soal merupakan soal Higher Order Thinking Skills (HOTS), dan terdapat satu soal yang merupakan soal Lower Order Thinking Skills (LOTS). Soal kategori Higher Order Thinking Skills (HOTS) paling banyak ditemukan pada materi bangun ruang sisi datar, sedangkan pada materi peluang belum ada soal yang memenuhi kriteria Higher Order Thinking Skills (HOTS). Jenis stimulus yang terdapat pada soal adalah gambar, daftar kata, penggalan kasus, tabel, dan diagram dimana penggalan kasus merupakan stimulus yang paling banyak ditemukan, yakni hampir sepertiga dari keseluruhan soal.
Kata kunci: penilaian akhir semester, level berpikir, stimulus.

ABSTRACT
This research aims to describe the question based on the level of thinking, namely by grouping questions based on the level of Lower Order Thinking Skills (LOTS), Middle Order Thinking Skills (MOTS), or Higher Order Thinking Skills (HOTS) and grouping questions based on the type of stimulus used as a basis question. This research is a descriptive study of the type of document analysis. The documents analyzed in this study are documents about the Final Semester Evaluation on the eighth grade mathematics subjects in one of the Semarang Junior High School in school year 2017/2018. The results showed that more than three-quarters of all questions were in the Middle Order Thinking Skills (MOTS) category, less than a quarter of all questions were Higher Order Thinking Skills (HOTS), and there was one problem which was a matter of Lower Order Thinking Skills (LOTS). The problem with the category of Higher Order Thinking Skills (HOTS) is found mostly on 3-D shape with flat faces materials, while in the probalility materials, there is no problem that meets the criteria of Higher Order Thinking Skills (HOTS). The types of stimulus found in the problem are pictures, word lists, fragments of cases, tables, and diagrams where the fragment of the case is the most common stimulus, that is, almost one third of the questions.
Keywords: final semester assessment, thinking level, stimulus.
Pengembangan Student Worksheet Berbahasa Inggris dengan Pendekatan Problem Based Learning Pada Mata Kuliah Matematika Diskrit
Authors: Ningsih Siska Candra 
Published: January 2019

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menghasilkan students worksheet berbahasa Inggris dengan pendekatan Problem Based Learning yang layak (valid, praktis, dan efektif) digunakan dalam pembelajaran mata kuliah Matematika Diskrit. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian pengembangan (Research and Development) yang menggunakan model pengembangan 4-D Define (Pendefinisian), Design (Perancangan), Develop (Pengembangan), dan Disseminate (Penyebaran) yang telah dimodifikasi. Instrumen pengumpulan data yang digunakan adalah angket penilaian oleh ahli materi dan bahasa untuk menentukan kevalidan, angket kepraktisan, dan tes untuk menentukan keefektifan.
Student worksheet yang dikembangkan telah layak digunakan dalam pembelajaran karena telah memenuhi syarat valid, praktis, dan efektif. Student worksheet ini dapat melatih mahasiswa dalam menyelesaikan masalah-masalah yang terjadi dengan menggunakan konsep teori graf. Di samping itu, dengan menggunakan student worksheet, mahasiswa dapat meningkatkan kemampuannya dalam menggunakan bahasa Inggris.
Kata kunci: student worksheet, aplikasi graf, matematika diskrit.

ABSTRACT
This research aims to produce an student worksheet using English with Problem based Learning approach. The quality of student worksheet generated based on aspects of validity, practicality and effectiveness. This research is developmental research with develops discrete mathematics student worksheet using the development model adapted from Thiagarajan and Semmel (Define, Design, Develop and Disseminate). The instruments used include a learning device assessment sheet to measure validity, practicality questionnaires to measure practicality, and concept comprehension tests to measure effectiveness. The result of this study indicate that the student worksheet develop is valid, practical, and effective. The student worksheet give excercise for student to solve the problems using graph application. Students can increase their abilities in English using this student worksheet.
Keywords: student worksheet, graph application, Discret Mathematics.
Penerapan Model Pembelajaran Cooperative Learning pada Materi Sudut untuk Siswa Kelas XII MIPA
Authors: Ikhwan Muh 
Published: January 2019

Penelitian ini dilatarbelakangi oleh hasil Ujian Nasional mata pelajaran Matematika di SMA Negeri 3 Semarang tahun 2018. Terdapat 22,72% siswa yang menjawab salah dalam menentukan sudut pada ruang dimensi tiga. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk meningkatkan kreatifitas, keaktifan, keterampilan proses, dan meminimalkan kesalahan siswa. Subyek penelitian adalah siswa kelas XII. Variabel penelitian meliputi keaktifan, kreativitas, keterampilan proses, dan prestasi hasil belajar. Penelitian ini memberikan hasil bahwa dengan model pembelajaran Cooperative Learning yang memanfaatkan media animasi powerpoint mampu meminimalkan kesalahan siswa yang semula 26,3% hingga tinggal 5%. Model pembelajaran Cooperative Learning dapat meningkatkan kreatifitas siswa sebesar 24,5%, keaktifan siswa 38,4%, keterampilan proses 26,8%, dan prestasi hasil belajar 22,3%. Dengan demikian model pembelajaran Cooperative Learning dapat digunakan sebagai referensi para guru maupun pengembang kurikulum matematika dalam pemilihan model pembelajaran matematika materi geometri maupun pengembangan penyusunan silabus pembelajaran.
Kata kunci: kreatifitas, Cooperative Learning, animasi.

ABSTRACT
This research is motivated by the results of the National Examination of Mathematics in SMAN 3 Semarang in 2018. There were 22.72% students who answered incorrectly in determining angles in the three-dimensional space. This study aims to increase creativity, activity, process skills, and to minimize student errors. The research subjects were 12th grade students. Research variables are activity, creativity, process skills, and learning outcomes. The result is Cooperative Learning model by using power point animation media is able to minimize student errors from 26.3% to 5%. This method is also able to increase student creativity up to 24.5% more creative than before, the activity of students 38.4%, process skills 26.8%, and learning outcomes 22.3%. Thus the Cooperative Learning model can be used as a reference for teachers and mathematical curriculum developers to select mathematics’ learning models for geometry material and to develop learning syllabus.
Keywords: creativity, cooperative learning, animation.