bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Transcriptional profiles of crossbred embryos derived from yak oocytes in vitro fertilized with cattle sperm
Authors: Zi Xiang-dong , Liu Shuang , Xia Wei , Xiong Xian-rong , Luo Bin 
Published: July 2018

AbstractDuring mammalian pre-implantation embryonic development, dramatic and orchestrated changes occur in gene transcription. Pregnancy rates were low when yak females were crossbred with cattle breeds, but few studies exist to describe the unique molecular network regulation behind the pre-implantation development of these embryos. We determined the transcriptomes of crossbred embryos derived from yak oocytesin vitrofertilized with Jersey sperm using Illumina RNA-seq for the first time in this study. Embryos were sampled at the 2-, 4-, and 8-cell, morula and blastocyst stages. The results showed that in total, 291.9 million short reads were generated from the five libraries of 2-, 4-, and 8-cell, morula and blastocyst stages, with 276.2 million high-quality reads selected for further analysis. Eighty to 91% of the clean reads were aligned against the yak reference genome. A total of 19,072 transcripts were identified in five libraries, of which 7,785 transcripts were co-expressed in each stage and 2,013 transcripts were stage-specific. When a |log2ratio| ≥1 and q-value ≤ 0.05 were set as thresholds for identifying differentially expressed genes (DEGs), we detected a total of 3,690 to 10,298 DEGs between any two consecutive stages. Based on the results of GO and KEGG enrichment, some of these DEGs potentially play an important role in regulating pre-implantation development, but they are most likely stage-specific. There were 2,960, 7,287, 6,420, 7,724 and 10,417 DEGs in 2-, 4-, 8-cell, morula and blastocyst stages between the crossbred embryos and purebred embryos of the yak, respectively, leading to a large difference in GO terms and pathways. In conclusion, we sequenced transcriptomes ofin vitro-produced crossbred embryos of yak and cattle during pre-implantation and provided comprehensive examinations of gene activities. These will be helpful for development of assisted reproductive technology and better understanding the early maternal-fetal or maternal-embryonic dialog in inter-species crossbreeding.
Activation of mesolimbic reward system via laterodorsal tegmental nucleus and hypothalamus in exercise-induced hypoalgesia
Authors: Kami Katsuya , Tajima Fumihiro , Senba Emiko 
Published: July 2018

AbstractVentral tegmental area (VTA) dopamine (DA) neurons are the primary source of dopamine in target structures that constitute the mesolimbic reward system. Previous studies demonstrated that voluntary wheel running (VWR) by neuropathic pain (NPP) model mice produces exercise-induced hypoalgesia (EIH), and that activation of mesolimbic reward system may lead to EIH. However, the neuronal mechanism by which the mesolimbic reward system is activated by VWR is unknown. Here, we found that VWR produces EIH effects and reverses the marked reduction in activated lateral VTA (lVTA)-DA neurons induced by NPP. The proportions of activated laterodorsal tegmental nucleus (LDT)-cholinergic and lateral hypothalamus-orexin neurons were significantly enhanced by VWR. Retrograde tracing and dual immunostaining revealed that VWR activates lVTA-projecting LDT-cholinergic/non-cholinergic and lateral hypothalamic area (LHA)-orexin/non-orexin neurons. Therefore, EIH effects may be produced, at least in part, by activation of the mesolimbic reward system via activation of LDT and LHA neurons.
Forcing of late Pleistocene ice volume by spatially variable summer energy
Authors: Haaga Kristian Agasøster , Brendryen Jo , Diego David , Hannisdal Bjarte 
Published: July 2018

AbstractChanges in Earth’s orbit set the pace of glacial cycles, but the role of spatial variability in the insolation forcing of global ice volume remains unknown. Here, we leverage the intrinsic dynamical information in empirical records to show that ice volume responded to summer energy at high northern latitudes, as predicted by Milankovitch theory. However, the external forcing of ice volume encompasses insolation signals with a wide range of orbital frequency content, and cannot be fully accounted for by a unique time series. Southern mid-latitude insolation forcing coincides with the position of the subtropical front and the westerlies, which have been implicated in Quaternary climate changes. Dominant forcing modes at northern mid-latitudes are anti-phased with the canonical Milankovitch forcing, consistent with ice volume sensitivity to latitudinal insolation gradients.
Extremely Foldable and Highly Transparent Nanofiber-Based Electrodes for Liquid Crystal Smart Devices
Authors: Kim In Chul , Kim Tae-Hyung , Lee Seung Hee , Kim Byoung-Suhk 
Published: July 2018

AbstractThe nylon 6 nanofiber-reinforced cellulose acetate (NF-r-CA) film as a fiber-based transparent substrate is used to develop the highly transparent electrodes with excellent durable and extremely foldable properties. Mechanical properties of the NF-r-CA films are greatly improved, suggesting that the nanofibers provide an effective reinforcement. The NF-r-CA transparent films show smooth surface morphologies (RRMS ~ 27 nm) than as-spun nylon 6 nanofiber membrane, indicating the successful infiltration of cellulose acetate into the voids of nylon nanofiber membranes. The NF45-r-CA electrodes prepared using AgNWs concentration of 0.025 wt% and electrospinning time of 45 min are highly transparent (~90%), lower sheet resistance (~24 Ω sq−1) and mechanically robust (59.7 MPa). The sheet resistance of NF45-r-CA electrodes remains almost constant, and the change ratio is less than 0.01% even after a repeated bending test of 10,000 cycles (bending radius ~1 mm), whereas ITO electrode shows gradual increase in sheet resistance and then eventually no electrical signal at about 270 cycles. We also demonstrate the successful fabrication of the foldable polymer-disperse liquid crystal film utilizing highly transparent NF45-r-CA electrode, which shows outstanding working stability after bending test of 500 cycles at an extreme bending radius of 1.5 mm.
Radar-Based Heart Sound Detection
Authors: Will Christoph , Shi Kilin , Schellenberger Sven , Steigleder Tobias , Michler Fabian , Fuchs Jonas , Weigel Robert , Ostgathe Christoph , Koelpin Alexander 
Published: July 2018

AbstractThis paper introduces heart sound detection by radar systems, which enables touch-free and continuous monitoring of heart sounds. The proposed measurement principle entails two enhancements in modern vital sign monitoring. First, common touch-based auscultation with a phonocardiograph can be simplified by using biomedical radar systems. Second, detecting heart sounds offers a further feasibility in radar-based heartbeat monitoring. To analyse the performance of the proposed measurement principle, 9930 seconds of eleven persons-under-tests’ vital signs were acquired and stored in a database using multiple, synchronised sensors: a continuous wave radar system, a phonocardiograph (PCG), an electrocardiograph (ECG), and a temperature-based respiration sensor. A hidden semi-Markov model is utilised to detect the heart sounds in the phonocardiograph and radar data and additionally, an advanced template matching (ATM) algorithm is used for state-of-the-art radar-based heartbeat detection. The feasibility of the proposed measurement principle is shown by a morphology analysis between the data acquired by radar and PCG for the dominant heart sounds S1 and S2: The correlation is 82.97 ± 11.15% for 5274 used occurrences of S1 and 80.72 ± 12.16% for 5277 used occurrences of S2. The performance of the proposed detection method is evaluated by comparing the F-scores for radar and PCG-based heart sound detection with ECG as reference: Achieving an F1 value of 92.22 ± 2.07%, the radar system approximates the score of 94.15 ± 1.61% for the PCG. The accuracy regarding the detection timing of heartbeat occurrences is analysed by means of the root-mean-square error: In comparison to the ATM algorithm (144.9 ms) and the PCG-based variant (59.4 ms), the proposed method has the lowest error value (44.2 ms). Based on these results, utilising the detected heart sounds considerably improves radar-based heartbeat monitoring, while the achieved performance is also competitive to phonocardiography.
Analysis of diet-induced differential methylation, expression, and interactions of lncRNA and protein-coding genes in mouse liver
Authors: Silva Jose P. , van Booven Derek 
Published: July 2018

AbstractLong non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) regulate expression of protein-coding genes in cis through chromatin modifications including DNA methylation. Here we interrogated whether lncRNA genes may regulate transcription and methylation of their flanking or overlapping protein-coding genes in livers of mice exposed to a 12-week cholesterol-rich Western-style high fat diet (HFD) relative to a standard diet (STD). Deconvolution analysis of cell type-specific marker gene expression suggested similar hepatic cell type composition in HFD and STD livers. RNA-seq and validation by nCounter technology revealed differential expression of 14 lncRNA genes and 395 protein-coding genes enriched for functions in steroid/cholesterol synthesis, fatty acid metabolism, lipid localization, and circadian rhythm. While lncRNA and protein-coding genes were co-expressed in 53 lncRNA/protein-coding gene pairs, both were differentially expressed only in 4 lncRNA/protein-coding gene pairs, none of which included protein-coding genes in overrepresented pathways. Furthermore, 5-methylcytosine DNA immunoprecipitation sequencing and targeted bisulfite sequencing revealed no differential DNA methylation of genes in overrepresented pathways. These results suggest lncRNA/protein-coding gene interactions in cis play a minor role mediating hepatic expression of lipid metabolism/localization and circadian clock genes in response to chronic HFD feeding.
Silicon Surface Tethered Polymer as Artificial Solid Electrolyte Interface
Authors: Shen Brian H. , Veith Gabriel M. , Tenhaeff Wyatt E. 
Published: July 2018

AbstractWe have developed a proof of concept electrode design to covalently graft poly(methyl methacrylate) brushes directly to silicon thin film electrodes via surface-initiated atom transfer radical polymerization. This polymer layer acts as a stable artificial solid electrolyte interface that enables surface passivation despite large volume changes during cycling. Thin polymer layers (75 nm) improve average first cycle coulombic efficiency from 62.4% in bare silicon electrodes to 76.3%. Average first cycle reversible capacity was improved from 3157 to 3935 mAh g−1, and average irreversible capacity was reduced from 2011 to 1020 mAh g−1. Electrochemical impedance spectroscopy performed on silicon electrodes showed that resistance from solid electrolyte interface formation increased from 79 to 1508 Ω in untreated silicon thin films over 26 cycles, while resistance growth was lower – from 98 to 498 Ω – in silicon films functionalized with PMMA brushes. The lower increase suggests enhanced surface passivation and lower electrolyte degradation. This work provides a pathway to develop artificial solid electrolyte interfaces synthesized under controlled reaction conditions.
Rhesus monkeys metacognitively monitor memories of the order of events
Authors: Templer Victoria L. , Brown Emily Kathryn , Hampton Robert R. 
Published: July 2018

AbstractHuman working memory is a capacity- and duration-limited system in which retention and manipulation of information is subject to metacognitive monitoring and control. At least some nonhuman animals appear to also monitor and control the contents of working memory, but only relatively simple cases where animals monitor or control the presence or absence of single memories have been studied. Here we combine a comparatively complex order memory task with methodology that assesses the capacity to introspect about memory. Monkeys observed sequential presentations of five images, and at test, reported which of two images from the list had appeared first during study. Concurrently, they chose to complete or avoid these tests on a trial-by-trial basis. Monkeys “knew when they knew” the correct response. They were less accurate discriminating images that had appeared close in time to one another during study and were more likely to avoid these difficult tests than they were to avoid easier tests. These results indicate that monkeys can metacognitively monitor relatively complex properties of the contents of working memory, including the quality of representations of temporal relations among images.
Fe-Cr-Nb-B ferromagnetic particles with shape anisotropy for cancer cell destruction by magneto-mechanical actuation
Authors: Chiriac H. , Radu E. , Țibu M. , Stoian G. , Ababei G. , Lăbușcă L. , Herea D.-D. , Lupu N. 
Published: July 2018

AbstractWe introduce a new type of magnetic particles (MPs) prepared by wet milling of superferromagnetic Fe-Cr-Nb-B precursor glassy ribbons for cancer treatment by magneto-mechanical actuation in low magnetic fields (1 ÷ 20 Oe). The rectangular shapes of MPs and the superferromagnetism of the glassy alloys of which are made the MPs induce important magnetic shape anisotropies which, in association with a large saturation magnetization, generate an improved torque in a rotating magnetic field, producing important damages on the cellular viability of MG-63 human osteosarcoma (HOS) cells. The specific parameters such as MPs concentration, frequency and intensity of the applied magnetic field, or the time of exposure have a strong influence on the cancer cells viability. The specific behavior of the Fe-Cr-Nb-B MPs offers them destructive effect even in low magnetic fields such as 10 Oe, and this characteristic allows the use of coils systems which provide large experimental spaces. The novel MPs are used for the magneto-mechanical actuation alone or in association with hyperthermia, but also can be transported to the tumor sites by means of stem cells carriers.
High-density single cell mRNA sequencing to characterize circulating tumor cells in hepatocellular carcinoma
Authors: D’Avola Delia , Villacorta-Martin Carlos , Martins-Filho Sebastiao N. , Craig Amanda , Labgaa Ismail , von Felden Johann , Kimaada Allette , Bonaccorso Antoinette , Tabrizian Parissa , Hartmann Boris M. , Sebra Robert , Schwartz Myron , Villanueva Augusto 
Published: July 2018

AbstractPatients with hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) release tumor cells to the bloodstream, which can be detected using cell surface markers. Despite numerous reports suggest a direct correlation between the number of circulating tumor cells (CTCs) and poor clinical outcomes, few studies have provided a thorough molecular characterization of CTCs. Due to the limited access to tissue samples in patients at advanced stages of HCC, it is crucial to develop new technologies to identify HCC cancer drivers in routine clinical conditions. Here, we describe a method that sequentially combines image flow cytometry and high density single-cell mRNA sequencing to identify CTCs in HCC patients. Genome wide expression profiling of CTCs using this approach demonstrates CTC heterogeneity and helps detect known oncogenic drivers in HCC such as IGF2. This integrated approach provides a novel tool for biomarker development in HCC using liquid biopsy.
Method of Higher-order Operators for Quantum Optomechanics
Authors: Khorasani Sina 
Published: July 2018

AbstractWe demonstrate application of the method of higher-order operators to nonlinear standard optomechanics. It is shown that a symmetry breaking in frequency shifts exists, corresponding to inequivalency of red and blue side-bands. This arises from nonlinear higher-order processes leading to inequal detunings. Similarly, a higher-order resonance shift exists appearing as changes in both of the optical and mechanical resonances. We provide the first known method to explicitly estimate the population of coherent phonons. We also calculate corrections to spring effect due to higher-order interactions and coherent phonons, and show that these corrections can be quite significant in measurement of single-photon optomechanical interaction rate. It is shown that there exists non-unique and various choices for the higher-order operators to solve the optomechanical interaction with different multiplicative noise terms, among which a minimal basis offers exactly linear Langevin equations, while decoupling one Langevin equation and thus leaving the whole standard optomechanical problem exactly solvable by explicit expressions. We finally present a detailed treatment of multiplicative noise as well as nonlinear dynamic stability phases by the method of higher-order operators. Similar approach can be used outside the domain of standard optomechanics to quadratic and all other types of nonlinear interactions in quantum physics.
Effects of Different Electrode Configurations on the Narrow Band Level-Specific CE-Chirp and Tone-Burst Auditory Brainstem Response at Multiple Intensity Levels and Frequencies in Subjects With Normal Hearing
Authors: Dzulkarnain Ahmad Aidil Arafat , Abdullah Siti Aisyah , Ruzai Muhammad Amar Mohd , Ibrahim Siti Hajra Mu'minah Noor , Anuar Nur Farah Aida , Rahim ˈAfaf Ezzaty Abdul 
Published: July 2018

Purpose
The purpose of this study was to investigate the influence of 2 different electrode montages (ipsilateral and vertical) on the auditory brainstem response (ABR) findings elicited from narrow band (NB) level-specific (LS) CE-Chirp and tone-burst in subjects with normal hearing at several intensity levels and frequency combinations.

Method

Quasi-experimental and repeated-measures study designs were used in this study. Twenty-six adults with normal hearing (17 females, 9 males) participated. ABRs were acquired from the study participants at 3 intensity levels (80, 60, and 40 dB nHL), 3 frequencies (500, 1000, and 2000 Hz), 2 electrode montages (ipsilateral and vertical), and 2 stimuli (NB LS CE-Chirp and tone-burst) using 2 stopping criteria (fixed averages at 4,000 sweeps and
F
test at multiple points = 3.1).

Results

Wave V amplitudes were only 19%–26% larger for the vertical recordings than the ipsilateral recordings in both the ABRs obtained from the NB LS CE-Chirp and tone-burst stimuli. The mean differences in the
F
test at multiple points values and the residual noise levels between the ABRs obtained from the vertical and ipsilateral montages were statistically not significant. In addition, the ABR elicited from the NB LS CE-Chirp was significantly larger (up to 69%) than those from the tone-burst, except at the lower intensity level.

Conclusion
Both the ipsilateral and vertical montages can be used to record ABR to the NB LS CE-Chirp because of the small enhancement in the wave V amplitude provided by the vertical montage.
Fangchinoline Protects Against Renal Injury in Diabetic Nephropathy
by Modulating the MAPK Signaling Pathway
Authors: Jiang Yingsong , Liu Jiguo , Zhou Zemei , Liu Ke , Liu Chun 
Published: July 2018

AbstractIn this study, we evaluated the nephroprotective effects of fangchinoline in rats
with diabetic nephropathy (DN). DN was induced by feeding a high-fat diet for 4
weeks and administering a single dose of streptozotocin (STZ)
(30 mg/kg) intraperitoneally. The rats were split into groups;
one group received oral fangchinoline (3 mg/kg) per day for 8
weeks. After completion of the 8-week study period, biomedical and inflammatory
markers were evaluated in serum and urine, and oxidative stress was estimated in
kidney tissues. In addition, Western blot assays, reverse
transcription-polymerase chain reaction, and immunohistochemical analyses were
performed in the kidney tissues of DN rats. The results suggest that treatment
with fangchinoline attenuated the biochemical marker changes induced by DN in
blood and urine. Moreover, a significant (p<0.01) reduction in
inflammatory markers in serum was found in the fangchinoline group compared to
the controls. Immunohistochemical analyses also revealed that treatment with
fangchinoline significantly reduced the expression of collagen IV and CD31 in
the kidneys compared to the control group. The expression of p38 MAPK,
TNF-α, COX-2, and MMP-9 was also attenuated by fangchinoline treatment
in the kidney tissues of DN rats. Together, the results of this study suggest
that fangchinoline protects against nephron damage by attenuating alterations in
the p38 MAPK pathway, thereby reducing oxidative stress and inflammation in DN
rats.
Multiresistente Erreger in der onkologischen und kardiologischen Rehabilitation – Ergebnisse einer Surveillancestudie in Brandenburg
Authors: Kiefer Thomas , Völler Heinz , Nothroff Jörg , Schikora Martin , von Podewils Sebastian , Sicher Claudia , Bartels-Reinisch Birgit , Heyne Karolin , Haase Hermann , Jünger Michael , Daeschlein Georg 
Published: July 2018

ZusammenfassungIn der vorliegenden Studie wurde die Prävalenz der Besiedlung mit multiresistenten Keimen an 155 Patienten aus der onkologischen und 157 Patienten aus der kardiologischen Rehabilitation mittels mikrobiologischen Screenings untersucht. Dabei zeigten 4,5% der onkologischen und 4,5% der kardiologischen Rehabilitationspatienten eine Besiedlung mit multiresistenten Erregern. Am häufigsten wurden 2-MRGN und ESBL (2,9%) nachgewiesen. Onkologische Rehapatienten zeigten doppelt so hohe Prävalenzraten für 3-MRGN im Vergleich zu kardiologischen (2,6 und 1,3%). Insgesamt zeigen onkologische und kardiologische Rehabilitationspatienten vergleichsweise niedrige Prävalenzraten für multiresistente Krankenhauskeime.
Gründe für die Nichtinanspruchnahme einer onkologischen Rehabilitation. Ergebnisse einer schriftlichen Befragung von Patienten aus onkologischen Versorgungszentren
Authors: Deck Ruth , Babaev Valentin , Katalinic Alexander 
Published: July 2018

Zusammenfassung
Hintergrund Inzidenz und Überlebensraten onkologischer Erkrankungen steigen und damit auch der potentielle Reha-Bedarf bei den Betroffenen. Invers zu den Krebserkrankungen gehen die Leistungen zur medizinischen Rehabilitation nach einer onkologischen Erkrankung zurück. Die Gründe für diesen Rückgang sind bislang nicht vollständig geklärt.
Methodik Schriftliche Befragung von Krebspatienten der Indikationen Brust-, Darm- und Prostatakrebs nach Akutbehandlung. Es beteiligten sich 376 Personen; erfasst wurden Inanspruchnahme einer Rehabilitation, die Gründe für die Nichtinanspruchnahme einer Rehabilitation sowie gesundheitsbezogene Merkmale. Die Auswertungen erfolgten überwiegend deskriptiv.
Ergebnisse Die Hälfte der Befragten hat eine medizinische Rehabilitation in Anspruch genommen. Patienten, die sich für eine Rehabilitation entscheiden, fühlen sich gesundheitlich stärker belastet und weisen einen höheren Schwergrad der Erkrankung auf. Als Gründe für die Nichtinanspruchnahme einer Rehabilitation werden familiäre, persönliche und private Motive genannt.
Schlussfolgerungen Die schriftliche Befragung lieferte eine Vielzahl von Gründen, warum eine medizinische Rehabilitation nach einer Krebserkrankung nicht in Anspruch genommen wird. Daraus lassen sich Vorschläge zur Optimierung der Rehabilitation und ihrer Ausgestaltung ableiten.