bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
NOTAS SOBRE LOS CÓDIGOS DE BUEN GOBIERNO CORPORATIVO EN EL ÁMBITO DE LAS SOCIEDADES COOPERATIVAS
Authors: Botana Agra Manuel 
Published: September 2019

Los Códigos de Buen Gobierno Corporativo surgieron para corregir la deficiencias de los instrumentos de supervisión y control de las organizaciones empresariales.
En relación a ello se examinarán los valores de las cooperativas a fin de determinar si es necesario incorporar en dichas cooperativas los Códigos de Buen Gobierno Corporativo para reforzar su gobierno.
También se analizará si las empresas cooperativas pueden adaptarse a los Códigos de Buen Gobierno comunes a empresas no cooperativas o, en cambio, por sus concreta naturaleza y características necesitan de unos Códigos propios, adaptadosa ellas.
PRESCRIPCIÓN DE CIERTAS ACCIONES COOPERATIVAS Y DEVOLUCIÓN DE CANTIDADES A LA SOCIEDAD POR PÉRDIDAS (COMENTARIO A LA SAP JAÉN 621/2017 DE 31 DE OCTUBRE)
Authors: Louredo Casado Sara 
Published: September 2019

Este comentario tiene por objeto la sentencia de la Audiencia Provincial de Jaén de 31 de octubre de 2017, en la que se impone a los socios de una cooperativa agraria la obligación de hacer frente a las pérdidas cooperativas procedentes de una sobrevaloración del aceite aportado por aquéllos. Los socios recurrentes alegan, fundamentalmente, que ha de aplicarse el plazo de prescripción contenido en el Código de Comercio y no en el Código Civil. Al hilo de este argumento, analizamos la compleja discusión sobre la mercantilidad de las sociedades cooperativas así como el criterio de valoración de las aportaciones sociales.
Además, se hace necesario destacar que las cooperativas agrarias de primer grado suelen integrarse en estructuras de segundo grado, que se ocupan de comercializar los productos generados tras un proceso de transformación. Así, la cooperativa San Juan Bautista, que ocupa la posición de recurrida en la sentencia, se integra en Fedeoliva, que coloca el aceite producido en el mercado.
ANALISE DO PROGRAMA MAIS ALFABETIZAÇÃO - PRECARIZAÇÃO NA FORMAÇÃO E TRABALHO DOCENTE
Authors: Moraes Aline Cristina de Assis 
Published: September 2019

Este artigo trata da Análise do Programa Mais Alfabetização (2017- 2018), instituído pela Portaria MEC n ° 142 em 22 fevereiro de 2018, como meio de auxilio as unidades escolares de educação básica, do 1° ao 2° ano, no processo de alfabetização do Ensino Fundamental I da Rede Pública, em concomitância com Base Nacional Comum Curricular. Nosso objetivo é analisar programa, perante a concepção de formação docente e alfabetização, apontando para tendência neoliberal, qual resulta na precarização do trabalho docente e da cultura letrada acessada pelas crianças, na alfabetização leitura e escrita. Trazemos ao debate concepção unilateral do Programa, advoga na contramão do saber ominilateral, resultante da Política de Alfabetização do governo evidenciado (2017-2018) e suas consequência para educação pública brasileira. Os procedimentos do estudo foram a pesquisa bibliográfica, nos documentos de referência do programa e da Política de Alfabetização, no tocante a formação docente, relação trabalho e alfabetização. Metodologia no referencial bibliográfico, da Pedagogia Histórico Critica, Saviani (1989), evidenciando que Mais Alfabetização, precariza formação docente e acesso a cultura letrada, na aquisição das primeiras letras e corrobora a concepção neoliberal, no esvaziamento da escola pública brasileira
Palavras-chave: Educação Básica – Políticas Educacionais – Neoliberalismo – Formação Docente- Pedagogia Histórico Critica.
A Density-dependent van der Waals Model under the GW170817 Constraint
Authors: Lourenço O. , Dutra M. , Lenzi C. H. , Bhuyan M. , Biswal S. K. , Santos B. M. 
Published: September 2019

Abstract
We propose a density-dependent function for the attractive interaction in the original van der Waals model to correctly describe the flow constraint at the high-density regime of the symmetric nuclear matter. After a generalization to asymmetric nuclear matter, it was also possible to study the stellar matter regime from this new model. The mass–radius relation for neutron stars under β-equilibrium is found to agree with recent X-ray observations. The neutron-star masses supported against gravity, obtained from some parameterizations of the model, are in the range of (1.97–2.07)M
⊙, compatible with observational data from the PSR J0348+0432 pulsar. Furthermore, we verify the reliability of the model in predicting tidal deformabilities of the binary system related to the GW170817 neutron-star merger event and find a full agreement with the new bounds obtained by the LIGO/Virgo collaboration.
Mimetic DBI Inflation in Confrontation with Planck2018 Data
Authors: Nozari Kourosh , Rashidi Narges 
Published: September 2019

Abstract
We study mimetic gravity in the presence of a Dirac–Born–Infeld (DBI)-like term, which is a non-canonical setup of the scalar field’s derivatives. We consider two general cases with varying and constant sound speeds and construct the potentials for both the DBI and mimetic DBI (MDBI) models. By considering the power-law scale factor as a = a
0
t

n
, we search for the observational viability of these models. We show that the MDBI model in some ranges of the parameter space is free from ghost and gradient instabilities. By studying the behavior of r–n

s
and α

s
–n

s
in confrontation with Planck2018 data, we find some constraints on the model’s parameters. We show that, for the case with varying sound speed, power-law DBI inflation is not consistent with Planck2018 TT, TE, EE+lowE+lensing data, but the MDBI inflation is consistent with the same data at 95% confidence level, in some ranges of the model’s parameter space such as 40 ≤ n ≤ 55; the model is also free from instabilities in these ranges of parameters. For a constant sound speed, we study both DBI and MDBI models numerically by adopting some sample values of c

s
, and find n ∼ 102 for the DBI model and n ∼ 10 for the MDBI model. We also compare the results with Planck2018 TT, TE, EE+lowE+lensing+BK14+BAO data and see that the DBI and MDBI models with varying sound speed are ruled out by these joint data. However, these models with constant sound speed are consistent with the same data, with n ∼ 102 for the DBI model and n ∼ 10 for the MDBI model. In this case, we find some tighter constraints on the corresponding sound speed.
Heavy Element Absorption Systems at 5.0 < z < 6.8: Metal-poor Neutral Gas and a Diminishing Signature of Highly Ionized Circumgalactic Matter
Authors: Cooper Thomas J. , Simcoe Robert A. , Cooksey Kathy L. , Bordoloi Rongmon , Miller Daniel R. , Furesz Gabor , Turner Monica L. , Bañados Eduardo 
Published: September 2019

Abstract
Ratios of different ions of the same element encode ionization information independently from relative abundances in quasar absorption line systems, crucial for understanding the multiphase nature and origin of absorbing gas, particularly at z > 6 where H i cannot be observed. Observational considerations have limited such studies to a small number of sightlines, with most surveys at z > 6 focused upon the statistical properties of individual ions such as Mg ii or C iv. Here we compare high- and low-ionization absorption within 69 intervening systems at z > 5, including 16 systems at z > 6, from Magellan/FIRE spectra of 47 quasars together with a Keck/High Resolution Echelle Spectrometer (HIRES) spectrum of the “ultraluminous” z = 6.3 quasar SDSSJ010013.02+280225.8. The highest redshift absorbers increasingly exhibit low-ionization species alone, consistent with previous single-ion surveys that show the frequency of Mg ii is unchanging with redshift, while C iv absorption drops markedly toward z = 6. We detect no C iv or Si iv in half of all metal-line absorbers at z > 5.7, with stacks not revealing any slightly weaker C iv just below our detection threshold, and most of the other half have

. In contrast, only 20% of absorbers at 5.0–5.7 lack high-ionization gas, and a search of 25 HIRES sightlines at z ∼ 3 yielded zero such examples. We infer that these low-ionization high-redshift absorption systems may be analogous to metal-poor damped Lyα systems (∼1% of the absorber population at z ∼ 3), based on incidence rates and absolute and relative column densities. Simple photoionization models suggest that circumgalactic matter at redshift six has systematically lower chemical abundances and experiences a softer ionizing background relative to redshift three.
Evolution of the Extended X-Ray Emission from the PSR B1259–63/LS 2883 Binary in the 2014–2017 Binary Cycle
Authors: Hare Jeremy , Kargaltsev Oleg , Pavlov George , Beniamini Paz 
Published: September 2019

Abstract
We have performed a series of Chandra X-ray Observatory observations of the gamma-ray binary LS 2883, which is composed of a young pulsar (PSR B1259–63) orbiting a massive Be star with a period of 1236.7 days. The system was observed in five epochs, spanning a range from 352 to 1175 days after the periastron passage on 2014 May 4. The observations confirmed the recurrent nature of the high-speed ejecta that appear as an extended X-ray structure (clump) moving away from the binary. Compared to the results of the previous monitoring campaign (between the 2010 and 2014 periastron passages), this time we find evidence suggesting that the clump is accelerated to a projected velocity

with an acceleration

s−2 (for uniformly accelerated motion), assuming that it was launched near periastron passage. The observed X-ray properties of the clump are consistent with synchrotron emission from pulsar wind (PW) particles accelerated at the interface between the PW and the clump. We have also performed contemporaneous observations with the Hubble Space Telescope, which are used to set an upper limit on the optical flux of the extended emission.
Exploring the taxonomic composition of two fungal communities on the Swedish west coast through metabarcoding
Authors: Retter Alice , Nilsson R. Henrik , Bourlat Sarah J. 
Published: September 2019

Fungi are heterotrophic, unicellular or filamentous organisms that exhibit a wide range of different lifestyles as, e.g., symbionts, parasites, and saprotrophs. Mycologists have traditionally considered fungi to be a nearly exclusively terrestrial group of organisms, but it is now known that fungi have a significant presence in aquatic environments as well. We know little about most fungi in limnic and marine systems, including aspects of their taxonomy, ecology, and geographic distribution. The present study seeks to improve our knowledge of fungi in the marine environment. The fungal communities of two coastal marine environments of the Kattegat sea, Sweden, were explored with metabarcoding techniques using the nuclear ribosomal internal transcribed spacer 2 (ITS2) metabarcode. Our data add new information to the current picture of fungal community composition in benthic and coastal habitats in Northern Europe.
The dataset describes the number of operational taxonomic units (OTUs) and their taxonomic affiliations in two littoral gradients sampled on the Swedish west coast, Gothenburg municipality. Our data include basic diversity indices as well as chemical and edaphic sediment/soil parameters of the sampling sites. From the sites, 3470 and 4315 fungal OTUs, respectively, were recovered. The number of reads were 673,711 and 779,899, respectively, after quality filtering. Within the benthic sites, more than 80% of the sequences could not be classified taxonomically. The phylum composition of the classifiable sequences was dominated in both localities by Dikarya, which made up around 33% of the OTUs. Within Dikarya, Ascomycota was the dominant phylum. Guild assignment failed for more than half of the classifiable OTUs, with undefined saprotrophs being the most common resolved guild. This guild classification was slightly more common in the ocean sediment samples than in the terrestrial ones. Our metadata indicated that ocean sites contain organisms at a lower trophic level and that there are predominantly endophytic, parasitic, and pathogenic fungi in the marine environments. This hints at the presence of interesting and currently poorly understood fungus-driven ecological processes. It is also clear from our results that a very large number of marine fungi are in urgent need of taxonomic study and formal description.
Monocyte/Macrophage Abnormalities Specific to Rheumatoid Arthritis Are Linked to miR-155 and Are Differentially Modulated by Different TNF Inhibitors
Authors: Paoletti Audrey , Rohmer Julien , Ly Bineta , Pascaud Juliette , Rivière Elodie , Seror Raphaele , Le Goff Benoit , Nocturne Gaetane , Mariette Xavier 
Published: September 2019

Abstract
Proinflammatory macrophages and miR-155 are increased in patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA). We studied membrane TNF (mTNF) expression on blood monocytes, polarization into macrophages, miR-155 expression, and the effect of anti-TNF on these biomarkers in RA patients. Sixty-seven RA patients and 109 controls (55 healthy, 54 with spondyloarthritis and connective tissue diseases) were studied. Monocytes were isolated and differentiated into macrophages with or without anti-TNF. mTNF expression was increased on monocytes from RA patients, but not from other inflammatory diseases, correlated with disease activity. Under human serum AB or M-CSF, only monocytes from RA had a defect of differentiation into M2-like macrophages and had a propensity for preferential maturation toward M1-like macrophages that contributed to synovial inflammation. This defect was correlated to mTNF expression and was partially reversed by monoclonal anti-TNF Abs but not by the TNF soluble receptor. miR-155 was increased in M2-macrophages except in adalimumab-treated patients. Transfection of healthy monocytes with miR-155 induced a decrease in M2-like markers, and transfection of RA monocytes with antagomir-155 allowed restoration of M2-like polarization. Defect in differentiation of monocytes into M2-like-macrophages linked to increased miR-155 and correlated with increased mTNF on monocytes could play a key role in RA pathogenesis. Monoclonal anti-TNF Abs but not the TNF soluble receptor partially restored this defect.
T Cell– and Monocyte-Specific RNA-Sequencing Analysis in Septic and Nonseptic Critically Ill Patients and in Patients with Cancer
Authors: Washburn Michael L. , Wang Zhang , Walton Andrew H. , Goedegebuure S. Peter , Figueroa David J. , Van Horn Stephanie , Grossman Julie , Remlinger Katja , Madsen Heather , Brown James , Srinivasan Roopa , Wolf Amaya I. , Berger Scott B. , Yi Victoria N. , Hawkins William G. , Fields Ryan C. , Hotchkiss Richard S. 
Published: September 2019

Abstract
Sepsis is characterized as life-threatening organ dysfunction caused by a dysregulated host immune response to infection. The purpose of this investigation was to determine the differential effect of sepsis on innate versus adaptive immunity, in humans, by examining RNA expression in specific immune cell subsets, including monocytes/macrophages and CD4 and CD8 T cells. A second aim was to determine immunosuppressive mechanisms operative in sepsis that might be amenable to immunotherapy. Finally, we examined RNA expression in peripheral cells from critically ill nonseptic patients and from cancer patients to compare the unique immune response in these disorders with that occurring in sepsis. Monocytes, CD4 T cells, and CD8 T cells from septic patients, critically ill nonseptic patients, patients with metastatic colon cancer, and healthy controls were analyzed by RNA sequencing. Sepsis induced a marked phenotypic shift toward downregulation of multiple immune response pathways in monocytes suggesting that impaired innate immunity may be fundamental to the immunosuppression that characterizes the disorder. In the sepsis cohort, there was a much more pronounced effect on gene transcription in CD4 T cells than in CD8 T cells. Potential mediators of sepsis-induced immunosuppression included Arg-1, SOCS-1, and SOCS-3, which were highly upregulated in multiple cell types. Multiple negative costimulatory molecules, including TIGIT, Lag-3, PD-1, and CTLA-4, were also highly upregulated in sepsis. Although cancer had much more profound effects on gene transcription in CD8 T cells, common immunosuppressive mechanisms were present in all disorders, suggesting that immunoadjuvant therapies that are effective in one disease may also be efficacious in the others.
Analyzability of newly developed/commercially promoted drugs among young medical and dental doctors
Authors: Gupta Sonu , Bansal Ravinder Nath 
Published: September 2019

Introduction:
The development of a new chemical entity into a drug is of indispensable importance for the progression of health care. As physicians play the main and important part of any clinical trial, it is necessary to know about their awareness about clinical research, drug development, good clinical practices, and regulatory authorities.

Objective:
This study was designed to assess and compare the knowledge and awareness toward drug development process among medical interns, dental interns, and postgraduates (PGs).

Methodology:
This was a cross-sectional study enrolling 186 professionals of medical college and 110 professionals of dental college in Punjab who were given a prevalidated questionnaire that included 27 questions related to knowledge regarding drug development process. Data were analyzed for percentage correct responses, mean values, and intergroup comparison by applying t-test using SPSS version 20, IBM SPSS Statistics for Windows, Version 20.0. IBM Corp., Armonk, NY, USA.

Results:
It was found that medical and dental college professionals had a very poor awareness and knowledge about drug development process to the tune of 33%. Professionals of dental college had 53.7% knowledge of clinical research in comparison to 43.2% of medical college. A statistically significant (P < 0.05) difference for sections on drug development, clinical research, and regulatory authority among interns and PGs was found with interns possessing better knowledge.

Conclusion:
It is concluded that regulatory authorities such as Board of Studies of various medical universities, Dental Council of India, and Medical Council of India must take necessary steps to increase the knowledge of drug development process among dental and medical professionals. Incorporation of this topic in educational curriculum in the initial stages of graduation and postgraduation would be beneficial.
The impact of measures to reduce ambient air PM10 concentrations originating from road dust, evaluated for a street canyon in Helsinki
Authors: Stojiljkovic Ana , Kauhaniemi Mari , Kukkonen Jaakko , Kupiainen Kaarle , Karppinen Ari , Denby Bruce Rolstad , Kousa Anu , Niemi Jarkko V. , Ketzel Matthias 
Published: September 2019

Abstract. We have numerically evaluated how effective selected potential
measures would be for reducing the impact of road dust on ambient air
particulate matter (PM10). The selected measures included a reduction of
the use of studded tyres on light-duty vehicles and a reduction of the use of
salt or sand for traction control. We have evaluated these measures for a
street canyon located in central Helsinki for four years (2007–2009 and
2014). Air quality measurements were conducted in the street canyon for two
years, 2009 and 2014. Two road dust emission models, NORTRIP (NOn-exhaust Road TRaffic Induced Particle emissions) and FORE (Forecasting Of Road dust Emissions), were
applied in combination with the Operational Street Pollution Model (OSPM), a street canyon dispersion model, to
compute the street increments of PM10 (i.e. the fraction of PM10
concentration originating from traffic emissions at the street level) within
the street canyon. The predicted concentrations were compared with the air
quality measurements. Both road dust emission models reproduced the
seasonal variability of the PM10 concentrations fairly well but under-predicted
the annual mean values. It was found that the largest reductions of
concentrations could potentially be achieved by reducing the fraction of
vehicles that use studded tyres. For instance, a 30 % decrease in the
number of vehicles using studded tyres would result in an average decrease
in the non-exhaust street increment of PM10 from 10 % to 22 %,
depending on the model used and the year considered. Modelled contributions
of traction sand and salt to the annual mean non-exhaust street increment of
PM10 ranged from 4 % to 20 % for the traction sand and from 0.1 % to 4 % for the traction salt. The results presented here can be used
to support the development of optimal strategies for reducing high
springtime particulate matter concentrations originating from road dust.
Error in hydraulic head and gradient time-series measurements: a quantitative appraisal
Authors: Rau Gabriel C. , Post Vincent E. A. , Shanafield Margaret , Krekeler Torsten , Banks Eddie W. , Blum Philipp 
Published: September 2019

Abstract. Hydraulic head and gradient measurements underpin practically all investigations in hydrogeology. There is sufficient information in the literature to suggest that head measurement errors can impede the reliable detection of flow directions and significantly increase the uncertainty of groundwater flow rate calculations. Yet educational textbooks contain limited content regarding measurement techniques, and studies rarely report on measurement errors. The objective of our study is to review currently accepted standard operating procedures in hydrological research and to determine the smallest head gradients that can be resolved. To this aim, we first systematically investigate the systematic and random measurement errors involved in collecting time-series information on hydraulic head at a given location: (1) geospatial position, (2) point of head, (3) depth to water, and (4) water level time series. Then, by propagating the random errors, we find that with current standard practice, horizontal head gradients <10-4 are resolvable at
distances ⪆170 m. Further, it takes extraordinary effort to measure hydraulic head gradients <10-3 over distances <10 m. In reality, accuracy will be worse than our theoretical estimates because of the many possible systematic errors. Regional flow on a scale of kilometres or more can be inferred with current best-practice methods, but processes such as vertical flow within an aquifer cannot be determined until more accurate and precise measurement methods are developed. Finally, we offer a concise set of recommendations for water level, hydraulic head and gradient time-series measurements. We anticipate that our work contributes to progressing the quality of head time-series data in the hydrogeological sciences and provides a starting point for the development of universal measurement protocols for water level data collection.