bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The First-Ever Encounter with Salmonella enterica Serovar Hvittingfoss Causing Acute Gastroenteritis in India: A Case Report
Authors: Sumana Mahadevaiah Neelambike , Rao Morubagal Raghavendra , Rajshekar Deepashree , Karthik Krishna , Shah Nikita K , Swamy Veerabhadra , Shylaja Eshwar Chinchana , Maheshwarappa Yogeesh D 
Published: December 2024

Background: Salmonella enterica serovar Hvittingfoss, a member of the non-typhoidal Salmonella group, is an important foodborne serovar most frequently identified in regions (Australia, Belgium, and the United States) with active surveillance systems. This serovar has been implicated in outbreaks of foodborne illness. Soft cheese, crab cocktail, beef, and rock melon are commonly involved in these outbreaks. Although the definitive host of this serovar is not yet established, Salmonella Hvittingfoss can be found in wild animals (Feral pigs), bird populations (Bar-tailed godwit, Plumed whistling ducks, White-naped crane, and Sharp-tailed sandpiper), and domestic birds like chickens. Case presentation: We report the first case of Salmonella enterica serovar Hvittingfoss causing acute gastroenteritis in a 52-year-old male labourer and agriculturist from a rural area of Mysuru, South India. This is the first documented case of Salmonella Hvittingfoss causing acute gastroenteritis in India. Conclusions: While non-typhoidal Salmonella infections typically resolve on their own, they can be particularly dangerous for certain demographics, such as children, the elderly, and those with compromised immune systems. Therefore, studying the different serotypes of these infections in both clinical and subclinical cases is crucial for targeting effective surveillance, hygiene practises, and food safety measures that can mitigate their impact on public health.
Titanium Dioxide Nanoparticles Negatively Influence Gill Metabolism in Pinctada fucata martensii
Authors: Zou Heqi , Li Fengfeng , Huang Luomin , Yao Jiaying , Lin Yujing , Yang Chuangye , Hao Ruijuan , Mkuye Robert , Liao Yongshan , Deng Yuewen 
Published: December 2024

Background: In recent years, titanium dioxide (TiO2) nanoparticles (NPs) have been widely used in various industries due to their favorable chemical properties, and their contamination of the environment has attracted much attention, especially to aquatic animals. Methods: Therefore, we assessed the impact of TiO2 NPs (5 mg/L) on the marine bivalve, pearl oyster (Pinctada fucata martensii), especially gill metabolism. Pearl oysters were exposed to seawater containing 5 mg/L TiO2 NPs for 14 days, followed by 7 days of recovery in untreated seawater. Gill tissues and hepatopancreatic tissues were sampled on days 0, 14, and 21 of the experiment named C0, E14, and R7, respectively. Results: Metabolomic analysis identified 102 significantly different metabolites (SDMs) on gills tissue in pearl oysters following exposure to TiO2 NPs (C0 vs. E14). Compared with group C0, group E14 had 76 SDMs (such as acetylcholine, itaconic acid, citric acid, and taurine) with higher concentrations and 26 (including L-arginine and isobutyryl-L-carnitine) with lower concentrations. KEGG (Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes) analysis showed that these SDMs enriched 28 pathways, including glycine, serine, and threonine metabolism, neuroactive ligand–receptor interaction, and taurine and hypotaurine metabolism. In addition, 116 SDMs were identified in E14 and R7 pearl oysters. Compared with group E14, group R7 had 74 metabolites (such as acetylcholine, 6-phosphogluconic acid, isocitric acid, and itaconic acid) with higher concentrations and 42 (including uracil, glycerophosphocholine, N-Acetyl-D-glucosamine) with lower concentrations. The SDMs identified between E14 and R7 enriched 25 pathways, including the pentose phosphate pathway, glutathione metabolism, and citrate cycle (TCA cycle). In addition, analysis of the energy metabolism-associated enzymes revealed that exposure to TiO2 NPs reduced Ca2+/Mg2+-ATPase, Na+/K+-ATPase, and Total-ATPase activities. Conclusions: These findings suggested that TiO2 NPs may inhibit the energy metabolism function of gill and hepatopancreas of pearl oysters. Meanwhile, TiO2 NPs may affect the normal functioning of immune and osmoregulatory functions of pearl oysters gill and even may lead to oxidative stress and neurotoxicity. Therefore, this study may provide a reference for analyzing the bioadaptation of marine bivalves to TiO2 NPs and the potential negative effects of TiO2 NPs on bivalves.
The next generation of AI tools are coming, do we need to better regulate them?
Authors: Aubrey Michael 
Published: December 2024

This research investigates the importance for robust regulation and legislation to properly govern the development of ‘Frontier Artificial Intelligence Systems’. To do this a comparison of approaches of both existing and proposed legislation has been taken which includes from the US, UK and EU. This has involved reading both summations, assessments and opinions from both academic writers and the media and making comparisons with other industry regulations issues such as Social Media. The key findings of this research highlight the different approaches being taken to the same problem. Legislation that came into force on August the 1st 2024 from the EU takes a safety-first approach, identifying risk levels from ‘unacceptable risk’ that would be prohibited, down to ‘minimal risk’ which would remain unregulated. This is compared to the UK White Paper, which advocated an innovation first approach with a secondary focus on safety. With the potential risks associated with AI enhanced cyber-attacks and the spread of disinformation across different platforms, this research emphasises the importance of strong regulation in relation to safety and ensuring this happens from the outset in the development of ‘Frontier AI’ and is not an afterthought.
Нормативное прогнозирование инновационного развития телекоммуникационных технологий и услуг
Authors: Ф.М. Александровский , Ю.В. Деарт 
Published: December 2024

Показаны особенности отрасли электросвязи как третичного инфраструктурного сектора экономики. Отмечено, что фундаментальной основой и национальных стратегий развития информационной инфраструктуры, и программ развития сетей электросвязи компаний-операторов являются долгосрочные прогнозы оптимальных темпов внедрения инновационных технологий, продуктов и услуг. Выполнен критический анализ традиционных методов долгосрочного прогнозирования на основе диаграммы Джиппа. Приведены разработанные вербальная, физическая и математическая модели диффузии инноваций. Показан алгоритм построения долгосрочного прогноза оптимальных темпов внедрения инноваций.
The article shows the features of the telecommunications industry as a tertiary infrastructure sector of the economy. It is noted that the fundamental basis of both national strategies for the development of information infrastructure and programs for the development of telecommunications networks of operator companies are longterm forecasts of optimal rates of implementation of innovative technologies, products, and services. A critical analysis of traditional methods of long-term forecasting based on the Jipp diagram is performed. Verbal, physical, and mathematical models of innovation diffusion are presented. An algorithm for constructing a long-term forecast of optimal rates of innovation implementation is shown.
First-year undergraduate biology education students’ critical thinking and self-regulation: Implementation of a metacognitive-based e-learning module
Authors: Evi Suryawati , Syafrinal  , Rahmi Fitri Olvia , Alimin Masnaini , Wahono Bevo 
Published: December 2024

This study examines the improvement of first-year students’ critical thinking and self-regulation by implementing a metacognitive-based e-module. To address the challenges of learning in accordance with the demands of the higher education curriculum, metacognitive-based e-modules are required. Metacognitive strategies such as analogies, concept maps, mnemonics, and discrepant events integrated into e-modules encourage students to be more critical and independent when understanding concepts and solving problems. The study employed quasi-experimental with two groups, a study group (instructed metacognitive-based e-module) control group (conventional module). Eighty-three students as respondents were involved. The descriptive results indicate that cognitive strategies promote curiosity, facilitate understanding, and aid in long-term memory. Metacognitive-based e-modules could encourage awareness, learning activities, evaluation and interpersonal skills. There is a significant difference in students' ability to think critically and self-regulation. The metacognitive strategy using e-module was found to be stimulating, thought-provoking, and facilitating students to have critical thinking and self-regulation.
EXPOSIÇÃO SOLAR E FOTOPROTEÇÃO: AVALIAÇÃO DOS HÁBITOS DE TRABALHADORES DE LIMPEZA URBANA EM MONTES CLAROS
Authors: Sapori Camila Damasceno , Oliveira Giovanna Teixeira Duque de , Alves Lara Karoline Lopes , Rodrigues Ana Carolina de Mello Alves 
Published: December 2024

Introdução: A exposição ao sol é fundamental para a síntese de vitamina D e promove benefícios para o estado de ânimo. Entretanto, a radiação ultravioleta (UV) está associada a danos na pele, incluindo o aumento do risco de câncer de pele. Essa é uma das neoplasias mais comuns na atualidade, que aparece, principalmente, nas regiões do corpo mais expostas ao sol, especialmente em trabalhadores ao ar livre, como os de limpeza urbana, os quais possuem uma exposição elevada à radiação UV. Objetivo: Analisar o hábito de uso de medidas fotoprotetoras entre os trabalhadores de limpeza urbana na cidade de Montes Claros-MG. Metodologia: trata-se de um estudo epidemiológico observacional, de corte transversal, com trabalhadores de limpeza urbana em Montes Claros. Foram entrevistados 89 participantes com questionário baseado no Índice de Exposição e Proteção Solar (SEPI), coletando dados sobre exposição solar, uso de protetores solares e fatores sociodemográficos. A análise dos dados foi feita no software SPSS, utilizando o teste Qui-quadrado de Pearson. Resultados: Os resultados indicaram que a maioria dos servidores de limpeza urbana se expõe ao sol por cerca de 6 horas diárias, predominantemente entre as seis da manhã e o meio-dia. Entre eles, 79,5% das mulheres e 42,3% dos homens utilizaram protetor solar, porém a maioria aplicou apenas uma vez ao dia, o que compromete a eficácia da proteção. Observa-se uma menor adesão ao uso do protetor solar entre os homens, o que pode ser parcialmente explicado por barreiras culturais e pelo nível de escolaridade. Além disso, condições de pele como envelhecimento e manchas eram mais comuns entre as mulheres, possivelmente relacionadas à redução hormonal no climatério. Conclusão: O estudo revelou baixa adesão à fotoproteção entre trabalhadores de limpeza urbana, especialmente homens, destacando a necessidade de educação sobre o uso adequado de protetores solares.
Palavras-chave: Neoplasias cutâneas; Raios ultravioleta; Protetores solares; Limpeza urbana; Saúde ocupacional.
AVALIAÇÃO DA SÍNDROME DE BURNOUT EM DISCENTES DO CURSO DE FISIOTERAPIA - CENTRO DE CIÊNCIAS BIOLÓGICAS E DA SAÚDE (UEPA)
Authors: Gomes Alexandre Braga , Brito Tales Silva , Monção Ana Clara Ferreira , Girard Guilherme de Souza , Silva Alice Góes Félix da , Monteiro Ana Eulália Risuenho , Souza Ranyelli Iasmim da Silva , Freitas Ana Carolina Leitão da Silva , Aguiar Glauce de Oliveira de , Ferreira Tereza Cristina Dos Reis 
Published: December 2024

Introdução: A Síndrome de Burnout pode surgir como uma resposta relacionado ao estresse associado ao ambiente de trabalho, onde podemos correlacionar o estudo como o trabalho do discente. Metodologia: Trata-se de uma pesquisa exploratória, de abordagem quantitativa. Utilizou-se como instrumentos de pesquisa o formulário online com perguntas referentes a idade, sexo, campi, lotação no ano de 2020, e qual atua em 2022 e o questionário MBI – Maslach Burnout Inventory, constituído por 22 afirmações divididas em três domínios, com escore de 0 a 6 sobre atitudes e sentimentos fundamentais da Síndrome de Burnout, relacionadas à esgotamento emocional, despersonalização e realização pessoal. Resultado: Após a coleta de dados pelos formulários, a pesquisa contou com 98 discentes do Curso de Fisioterapia da Universidade do Estado do Pará da cidade de Belém. O domínio de esgotamento emocional, apresentou um nível alto, sendo 75,81% (48) discentes do gênero feminino e 77,14% (27) discentes do gênero masculino, para o domínio de despersonalização, observou-se baixo nível em ambos com 82,60% (52) discentes do gênero feminino e 85,88% (29) discentes do gênero masculino, já em relação a realização pessoal, apresentaram baixo e alto níveis segundo a escala com 50,80% (32) discentes do gênero feminino com baixo nível e 45, 71% (16)discentes com baixo nível e com nível alto 39,68% (25) discentes do gênero feminino e 31,43% (11) discentes do gênero masculino.
Numerical Investigation of Triangular Y-Shaped Cut Twisted Stripe Insertion on Improving the Performance of Heat Exchangers
Authors: Adil Mohammed Ansam , Shakir Ammar Khamees , Channapattana Shylesha Vasantrao 
Published: December 2024

Passive thermal performance has been the subject of significant study interest lately, with metal inserts being recognized as an effective method for boosting it. Nevertheless, there has been a limited investigation into Y-shaped inserts with diverse geometric configurations. A numerical study was approved to explore the optimization of heat transfer. in a high-temperature circular tube using Y-shaped inserts. The analysis considered two scenarios: one without any twisting, and another with Y-shaped inserts that had an axial twist and a twisted ratio of 2 along the edge. The Ansys 2022-R2 module was utilized to do calculations using the limited volume approach, employing the k-ε turbulence model. The study involved exposing a pipe segment with dimensions of 1.5 m in length and 68 mm in diameter to a steady heat flux of 1000 W/ m 2 applied to the pipe wall. During the analysis, air is used as the fluid used for work, with the Reynolds values (Re) vary from 3000 to 21000., inclusive, in increments of 3000. The findings indicate that the optimal the values of the Nusselt number (Nu), reaching up to 128.14, can be attained at a Reynolds number (Re) of 21000 for Y-shaped designs with a twisted configuration. However, in comparison to a smooth tube, the values of the Nusselt number (Nu) increased by a factor of 5.68, with a coefficient of friction (f) of 0.029 and a Thermal Performance Evaluation (TPE) of 2.147, suggesting higher thermal performance.
The Study on the Performance of Different Optimization Algorithms in Maximum Power Point Tracking for a Standalone Photovoltaic System
Authors: Somesunthrim Kamini , Charin Chanuri , Ismail Baharuddin 
Published: December 2024

Performance evaluation of maximum power point tracking with a boost converter was presented in this paper. Several MPPT methods have recently been considered as alternatives to conventional MPPT methods, which have high steady-state oscillation and low efficiency. In order to solve the aforementioned issues, a soft computing method is suggested. Under MATLAB/Simulink, the efficiency of P&O, PSO and SSA was evaluated. The MPPT algorithms were tested under three main conditions which are under high irradiance (1000 W/m2), medium irradiance (600 W/m2,) and low irradiance (200 W/m2). Based on the simulation results, Salp Swarm Algorithm (SSA) method shows the best MPPT method with 89.95%, 99.90% and 98.38% tracking efficiency under high, medium and low irradiances respectively. SSA was the best method in terms of high efficiency, no steady-state oscillations and fast convergence.
New record and dietary ecology of a poorly-known treefrog, Zhangixalus pachyproctus Yu, Hui, Hou, Wu, Rao &amp; Yang, 2019 (Anura, Rhacophoridae) in Vietnam
Authors: Pham Anh , Trinh Gam , Dang Linh , Duong Duyen , Nguyen Truong , Le Minh Duc , Ziegler Thomas 
Published: December 2024

The White-lipped Treefrog Zhangixalus pachyproctus Yu, Hui, Hou, Wu, Rao & Yang, 2019 was previously confused with Zhangixalus smaragdinus (Blyth, 1852). Records of Zhangixalus smaragdinus from Yunnan (China), Vietnam and Thailand were recognised as a misidentification and this taxon was subsequently described as a new species, based on morphological and molecular evidence. This species is currently known from southern China, Thailand, Laos and Vietnam. However, knowledge about its natural history and feeding ecology is virtually lacking.
We herein report a newly-discovered population of Zhangixalus pachyproctus from Lang Son Province, northern Vietnam. In addition, we provide novel data about the diet of Z. pachyproctus, based on stomach content analyses of 38 individuals (37 males and one female). A total of 26 prey categories with 681 items were found in the stomachs of Z. pachyproctus. The dominant prey items of the species were Orthoptera (Acrididae, Tettigoniidae), Coleoptera (Languriida, Leiodidae, larvae, other Coleoptera), Mantodea (Mantidae) and Blattodea (Blaberidae, Blattidae, other Blattodea). Coleoptera (Coccinellidae, Cupedidae, Elateridae, Languriidae Leiodidae, Tenebrionidae, larvae and other Coleoptera) was the category with the highest frequency of prey items, found in 24 stomachs. The most important (IRI) groups amongst the prey of Z. pachyproctus were Coleoptera (24.52%) and followed by Orthoptera (24.43%), Blattodea (9.12%), Mantidae (8.14%) and Hemiptera (4.05%).
The role of serum presepsin in paediatric sepsis
Authors: Varsha M. , Patil Shruti , Meera K. S. 
Published: December 2024

Objectives: To evaluate the performance of serum presepsin in paediatric sepsis and compare it with serum procalcitonin and C-reactive protein (CRP). Method: It is a prospective observational study that included children aged one month to 17 years admitted to the paediatric intensive care unit with suspicion of sepsis based on International Paediatric Sepsis Consensus Criteria for sepsis (2005). A one-time blood sample was drawn for assessing serum presepsin, procalcitonin and CRP at admission. The subjects were divided into sepsis and severe sepsis group and the biomarkers were compared for predicting severity and outcome. Results: Of 84 patients, 47 (56%) had sepsis and 37 (44%) had severe sepsis. The mean serum presepsin, procalcitonin and CRP in the sepsis group was 549pg/ml, 2.17ng/ml and 5.15mg/dl respectively while the mean values in severe sepsis were 3440.5pg/ml, 3.64 ng/ml and 10.41 mg/dl respectively and all were statistically significant (p value <0.01). Area under the curve (AUC) of serum presepsin (0.814) was highest followed by CRP (0.749) and procalcitonin (0.718) in predicting severity. With >650 pg/ml, serum presepsin had 70.3% sensitivity, 87% specificity, 80% positive predictive value (PPV) and 76% negative predictive value (NPV). Serum procalcitonin >2ng/ml, had 70% sensitivity, 68% specificity, 74% PPV and 63% NPV. CRP >5.75mg/dl had 62% sensitivity, 70% specificity, 63% PPV and 74% NPV. Similarly, serum presepsin showed higher specificity (95 % vs 55% and 49%) and PPV (55 % vs 17% and 15%) than procalcitonin and CRP in predicting mortality. Conclusions: Serum presepsin was better than procalcitonin and CRP in predicting both severity and mortality in septic children. Serum presepsin had the highest specificity and predictive values among the tested biomarkers.
Caractérisation des systèmes de culture à base de mil (<i>Pennisetum glaucum (L.</i>) R. Br.) dans le district des savanes au Nord de la Côte d’Ivoire
Authors: Siene Laopé Ambroise Casimir , Conde Mariame , Nguettia Tah Valentin Felix , Kouadio Ange Fabrice Béra , Bayala Roger 
Published: December 2024

Le mil (Pennisetum glaucum (L.) R. Br.), jadis exclusivement produit dans l’extrême Nord de la Côte d’Ivoire, voit sa culture réduite voire même délaissée dans certaines zones de production, à cause de sa faible production. L'objectif de cette étude était de faire un état des lieux des systèmes de culture à base de mil dans le district des savanes. Une enquête a été réalisée sur un échantillon de 176 producteurs du district des savanes. Dans chaque village, seuls les producteurs du mil ont été sélectionnés et interviewés. Nos résultats ont montré que le système de culture du mil était dominé par les agriculteurs de sexe masculin, qui cultivaient principalement des variétés locales tardives, sur des billons en culture pure. En plus, la monoculture était pratiquée sur une superficie moyenne de 1,71 ha pour un rendement moyen de 1,39 t, alors que le rendement moyen était de 1,28 t pour une superficie moyenne emblavée de 2,25 ha en association de culture. La faiblesse du rendement a été due essentiellement à la présence de contraintes telles que la faible pluviométrie, la faible fertilité des sols, les attaques d’oiseaux et le non-respect des pratiques culturales. Des efforts devraient alors être faits dans la recherche de solutions à ces difficultés qui entravent la culture du mil, afin d’améliorer la production et les conditions socio-économiques des producteurs.
Investigating relationship between different soil chemical properties and the biomass and grain yield of <i>Sorghum bicolor</i>(L.) Moench (Sorghum) in agroforestry parklands systems along an increasing rainfall gradient in Burkina Faso (West Africa)
Authors: Coulibaly Yacouba Noël , Zombre Gérard 
Published: December 2024

Cereal crops biomass and grain yield generally reduced under trees canopy, are also improved depending on trees species and structure in agroforestry parklands suggesting complex interactions in these systems. This research investigated the relationship between soil chemical properties and sorghum biomass and grain yield in agroforestry parklands for recommendations to maintain or improve sorghum productivity under climate change. Studied parklands consisted of Vitellaria paradoxa C. F Gaertn and Parkia biglobosa (Jacq.) Benth in association with sorghum in three climatic zones. Soil chemical parameters were measured using the spectrophotometry infrared method and sorghum biomass and grain yield were calculated by dividing their weight with the area of production. Cation exchange capacity (CEC) and potassium (K) had a positive effect on sorghum biomass and grain yield when rainfall decreased suggesting the application of management options improving soil carbon and moisture to increase sorghum productivity with reduced rainfall due to climate change. CEC had a negative effect on sorghum biomass and in association with P. biglobosa when rainfall increased suggesting the optimisation of mineral fertilisers use and tree pruning to increase sorghum productivity when rainfall increased due to climate change. Further research is required to assess the effects of these recommended management options.