bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Integrating Dynamic Pricing with Inventory Decisions Under Lost Sales
Authors: Feng Qi , Luo Sirong , Shanthikumar J. George 
Published: August 2019

Inventory-based pricing under lost sales is an important yet notoriously challenging problem in the operations management literature. The vast existing literature on this problem focuses on identifying optimality conditions for a simple management policy while restricting to special classes of demand functions and to the special case of single-period or long-term stationary settings. In view of the existing developments, it seems unlikely to find general, easy-to-verify conditions for a tractable optimal policy in a possibly nonstationary environment. Instead, we take a different approach to tackle this problem. Specifically, we refine our analysis to a class of intuitively appealing policies, under which the price is decreasing in the postorder inventory level. Using properties of stochastic functions, we show that, under very general conditions on the stochastic demand function, the objective function is concave along such price paths, leading to a simple base stock list price policy. We identify the upper and lower boundaries for a candidate set of decreasing price paths and show that any decreasing path outside of this set is always dominated by some inside the set in terms of profit performance. The boundary policies can be computed efficiently through a single-dimensional search. An extensive numerical analysis suggests that choosing boundary policies yields close-to-optimal profit—in most instances, one of the boundary policies indeed generates the optimal profit; even when they are not, the profit loss is very marginal. This paper was accepted by David Simchi-Levi, operations management.
Interdisciplinary work integrated learning: a pilot evaluation instrument
Authors: Ebbs Phillip , Gonzalez Prue , Miller Tony 
Published: August 2019

Background: Work integrated learning (WIL) activities—sometimes termed student placements, practice-based learning, cooperative education or workplace learning activities—are embedded into university course curricula to prepare students for future professional environments. Aims: This study evaluates an interdisciplinary and multiagency WIL activity undertaken by university students (n=14). Methods: Pre- and post-activity survey instruments were used to gain perspectives on student expectations and experiences relating to the WIL activity. The survey instruments were based on five common themes of quality within WIL activities. Findings: The WIL activity facilitated professionally relevant learning, delivered diverse experiences, and enabled the development of professionally meaningful relationships. Discussion: A pilot evaluation instrument for similar undergraduate paramedic WIL programmes is presented for further consideration. Limitations of the study are also discussed.
An out-of-hospital perspective on hyperventilation syndrome
Authors: Raphael Rebecca , Dippenaar Enrico 
Published: August 2019

OverviewA variety of causes and conditions are associated with hyperventilation, including acute and chronic hyperventilation syndrome (HVS). The characteristics of HVS are not well defined but it results from a reduction in carbon dioxide and altered pH in the body from overbreathing. Symptoms vary between individuals but usually include altered sensations in the extremities, nausea and headache. Diagnosing patients with this condition can be difficult; diagnostic tools include the hyperventilation provocation test, voluntary overbreathing, the Nijmegen questionnaire and the exclusion of physiological causes in the acute situation. There are various prehospital patient presentations and differentiating between potential underlying causes is vital to appropriate treatment and patient safety. Treatments vary in nature, depending on the desired effect and the clinician's scope of practice. Some aim to reduce the frequency and intensity of attacks while others combat the attack when it strikes. This review briefly discusses some treatments available to a clinician with a basic skill level. Research with a focus on the out-of-hospital environment is recommended.
Sagittal radius of curvature, trochlea design and ultracongruent insert in total knee arthroplasty
Authors: Ng Jimmy Wui Guan , Bloch Benjamin V. , James Peter J. 
Published: August 2019

Multi radius (MR) total knee arthroplasty (TKA) has been associated with mid-flexion instability. Single radius (SR) TKA may provide better anteroposterior stability through single flexion axis and biomechanical advantage for quadriceps function. Medial pivot (MP) TKA and gradually reducing (GR) radius TKA produce better knee kinematics. Clinical outcomes are equivalent for SR, MR and MP TKA. Short-term studies have shown better clinical outcomes and kinematics for GR TKA. Thinner and narrow anterior flange, deeper trochlea groove and more anatomical trochlea design reduces patellofemoral complications in TKA Ultracongruent inserts provide comparable clinical outcomes to posterior-stabilized TKA and cruciate retaining TKA. Cite this article: EFORT Open Rev 2019;4:519-524. DOI: 10.1302/2058-5241.4.180083
ISLAM BERKEMAJUAN DAN STRATEGI DAKWAH PENCERAHAN UMAT
Authors: Qodir Zuly 
Published: August 2019

This article to elaborate Progressive Islam from Muhammadiyah. Muhammadiyah was born 18 November 1918, it is the most popular in Indonesia contribute an Islamisation. Muhammadiyah movement can know dakwah Islam amar ma’ruf nahi munkar for community with Wasahtiyah Islam (moderate Muslim). That it is progressive Islam idea the same as with Indonesia Context. What it is portrait and process Islamic dakwah from Muhammadiyah and enlightenment it is focus this article. Method from article base on literature review, from the books, journal, and article. This is article encourage and push Islam progressive in society from early Muhammadiyah founded with dakwah bil lisan (speech) and bil amal (work). Tulisan ini hendak mengelaborasi gagasan tentang Islam Berkemajuan yang dialamatkan kepada Muhammadiyah. Sudah dikenal public bahwa Muhammdiyah yang berdiri 18 November 1918, telah berkontribusi pada perkembangan Islam Indonesia. Gerakan Muhammadiyah dikenal dalam bidang dakwah amar ma’ruf nahi munkar dengan membawa Islam washatiyyah. Islam washatiyah merupakan gagasan yang sesuai dengan pandangan Muhammadiyah dengan dakwah Islam Berkemajuan dalam konteks Islam Indonesia. Tulisan ini didasarkan atas kajian kepustakaan, baik jurnal, artikel atau pun buku yang dianalisis secara naratif. Dari kajian yang dilakukan Muhammadiyah telah memiliki gagasan Islam Berkemajuan dalam mengembangkan dakwah sejak berdirinya, kemudian dilakukan secara terus menerus dalam mengembangkan dakwah pencerahan pada umat (masyarakat) melalui dakwah bil lisan dan bil amal.
Transduction matrix to enable sensor-less application of DC motor
Authors: Tanra Ivan , Ling Shih-fu 
Published: August 2019

Sensorless technology is one of the popular topic in motor industry. The aim is to reduce number of sensor and sensor size in the system. One of the method to achieve this sensor-less application of a motor is thru transduction matrix method. Transduction matrix is a 2x2 matrix that show the relationship between electrical input and mechanical output of the motor. By obtaining the transduction matrix of a chosen motor, the mechanical output of the motor can be calculated from its electrical input. This paper explains the theory behind and the method to obtain the transduction matrix of a DC motor. The DC motor is chosen because it is the common motor in industry.
Influence of Silica Fume Additive and Temperature History on the Volume Change of Ultra-High-Strength Cement Paste and Concrete
Authors: Teramoto Atsushi , Maruyama Ippei , Mitani Yuji 
Published: August 2019

Abstract
In this article, the temperature dependency of the autogenous shrinkage and the thermal expansion coefficient (TEC) of ultra-high-strength concrete (UHSC) and cement paste is discussed. The concrete and cement paste binder is mixed with portland cement and silica fume (SF) with water-to-binder ratios ranging from 13 to 20 % and SF replacement rates ranging from 7.5 to 17.5 %. First, we confirm that the autogenous shrinkage of a concrete specimen can be estimated from that of cement paste by using the theory of composite materials. Second, the SF reaction ratio and portlandite consumption for each temperature history is examined simultaneously with measurements of the autogenous shrinkage and the TEC of ultra-high-strength cement paste. The results show that, for the same specimen, the apparent activation energy of autogenous shrinkage and TEC is larger than that of physical properties such as Young’s modulus. This is attributed to the amount of calcium hydroxide consumption per SF reaction being much larger at high temperatures than at 20°C and the rapid increase in the Brunauer-Emmett-Teller (BET)-specific surface area of hardened cement paste at high temperatures. From the previous results, it is inferred that the microstructure of UHSC containing SF is modified to exhibit increased sensitivity to volume. These results indicate that not only the thermal strain but also the thermos-active properties of autogenous shrinkage need to be considered when conducting numerical analysis for crack risk assessment.
Effect of Different Modes of Lateral Boundary Constraints of the Direct Simple Shear (DSS) Device under Monotonic and Cyclic Shear Loading
Authors: Verma Priyesh , Wijewickreme Dharma 
Published: August 2019

Abstract
The direct simple shear (DSS) device is commonly employed to characterize the shear behavior of soil while representing a plane strain condition. In DSS devices that use cylindrical specimens, the plane strain condition is mimicked by constraining the lateral boundaries of the specimen against radial deformations during consolidation and shear loading. The current test standard recommends using either wire-reinforced rubber membrane or unreinforced rubber membrane enclosed with stacked rigid rings as suitable modes of confinement to constrain the lateral boundaries of DSS test specimens. Only limited studies have been performed to assess the effects arising because of these different ways of lateral boundary constraints on the test results, particularly when DSS tests are conducted at relatively higher vertical effective confining stress (σ′v0) levels. An experimental program was undertaken to study the effect of lateral boundary constraint mode during constant-volume monotonic and cyclic DSS tests. The constant-volume tests were conducted on reconstituted cylindrical DSS specimens prepared from a natural silty soil under the following three modes of lateral boundary constraints: (a) steel wire–reinforced rubber membrane only (Mode 1); (b) steel wire–reinforced rubber membrane enclosed with a set of thin, low-friction stacked rigid rings (Mode 2); and (c) unreinforced rubber membrane enclosed with a set of thin, low-friction stacked rigid rings (Mode 3). The findings from these tests, conducted on specimens initially consolidated to σ′v0 level up to 900 kPa, indicate that there was no significant difference in the shear response derived from the three cases of lateral boundary constraints. This suggests that the commonly used approach of simply confining the DSS test specimen using steel wire–reinforced rubber membrane alone (i.e., Mode 1) would be effective and adequate for use in monotonic and cyclic direct simple shear testing, for σ′v0 ≤ 900 kPa.
The Effects of Combined Retarders on the Properties of Desulfurized Gypsum
Authors: Chen Zheng , Liu Ruonan , Li Guoxin , Hao Peiwen , Su Jian , Yang Junfen 
Published: August 2019

Abstract
As a relatively fast-setting building material, desulfurized gypsum is difficult to use. Citric acid, sodium gluconate, and sodium tripolyphosphate were used to design and prepare a desulfurized gypsum paste containing single or combined retarders. The effects of the retarder type and content on the setting inhibition and mechanical properties of desulfurized gypsum were evaluated. The experimental results showed that all three retarders had different degrees of retardation on desulfurized gypsum; among them, citric acid had the best retarding effect. When the citric acid content was 0.10 %, the initial and final setting times were 25 and 31 min, respectively. However, the mechanical properties of desulfurized gypsum could be decreased by more than 60 %. Compared with single-doped retarders, combined retarders had obvious advantages. They not only significantly lengthened the setting time and hardening time two-fold or even more but also the compressive strength of desulfurized gypsum with combined retarder was 50 % higher than that with single retarder under the same retarding effect as a single retarder. The hydration heat curve provided insight into the setting inhibition of desulfurized gypsum by retarders. Scanning electron microscopy images showed the change in the crystal morphology of desulfurized gypsum-hydrated crystals with the addition of retarders. The addition of a retarder lengthened the induction period of desulfurized gypsum and changed the morphology of desulfurized gypsum-hydrated crystal, thus extending the setting time and reducing the strength.
Rapid Ocular Responses Are Modulated by Bottom-up-Driven Auditory Salience
Authors: Zhao Sijia , Yum Nga Wai , Benjamin Lucas , Benhamou Elia , Yoneya Makoto , Furukawa Shigeto , Dick Fred , Slaney Malcolm , Chait Maria 
Published: August 2019

Despite the prevalent use of alerting sounds in alarms and human–machine interface systems and the long-hypothesized role of the auditory system as the brain's “early warning system,” we have only a rudimentary understanding of what determines auditory salience—the automatic attraction of attention by sound—and which brain mechanisms underlie this process. A major roadblock has been the lack of a robust, objective means of quantifying sound-driven attentional capture. Here we demonstrate that: (1) a reliable salience scale can be obtained from crowd-sourcing (N= 911), (2) acoustic roughness appears to be a driving feature behind this scaling, consistent with previous reports implicating roughness in the perceptual distinctiveness of sounds, and (3) crowd-sourced auditory salience correlates with objective autonomic measures. Specifically, we show that a salience ranking obtained from online raters correlated robustly with the superior colliculus-mediated ocular freezing response, microsaccadic inhibition (MSI), measured in naive, passively listening human participants (of either sex). More salient sounds evoked earlier and larger MSI, consistent with a faster orienting response. These results are consistent with the hypothesis that MSI reflects a general reorienting response that is evoked by potentially behaviorally important events regardless of their modality.SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENTMicrosaccades are small, rapid, fixational eye movements that are measurable with sensitive eye-tracking equipment. We reveal a novel, robust link between microsaccade dynamics and the subjective salience of brief sounds (salience rankings obtained from a large number of participants in an online experiment): Within 300 ms of sound onset, the eyes of naive, passively listening participants demonstrate different microsaccade patterns as a function of the sound's crowd-sourced salience. These results position the superior colliculus (hypothesized to underlie microsaccade generation) as an important brain area to investigate in the context of a putative multimodal salience hub. They also demonstrate an objective means for quantifying auditory salience.
IslandCafe: Compositional Anomaly and Feature Enrichment Assessment for Delineation of Genomic Islands
Authors: Jani Mehul , Azad Rajeev K 
Published: August 2019

Abstract
One of the evolutionary forces driving bacterial genome evolution is the acquisition of clusters of genes through horizontal gene transfer (HGT). These genomic islands may confer adaptive advantages to the recipient bacteria, such as, the ability to thwart antibiotics, become virulent or hypervirulent, or acquire novel metabolic traits. Methods for detecting genomic islands either search for markers or features typical of islands or examine anomaly in oligonucleotide composition against the genome background. The former tends to underestimate, missing islands that have the markers either lost or degraded, while the latter tends to overestimate, due to their inability to discriminate compositional atypicality arising because of HGT from those that are a consequence of other biological factors. We propose here a framework that exploits the strengths of both these approaches while bypassing the pitfalls of either. Genomic islands lacking markers are identified by their association with genomic islands with markers. This was made possible by performing marker enrichment and phyletic pattern analyses within an integrated framework of recursive segmentation and clustering. The proposed method, IslandCafe, compared favorably with frequently used methods for genomic island detection on synthetic test datasets and on a test-set of known islands from 15 well-characterized bacterial species. Furthermore, IslandCafe identified novel islands with imprints of likely horizontal acquisition.
An RNAi Screen for Genes Required for Growth ofDrosophilaWing Tissue
Authors: Rotelli Michael D , Bolling Anna M , Killion Andrew W , Weinberg Abraham J , Dixon Michael J , Calvi Brian R 
Published: August 2019

AbstractCell division and tissue growth must be coordinated with development. Defects in these processes are the basis for a number of diseases, including developmental malformations and cancer. We have conducted an unbiased RNAi screen for genes that are required for growth in the Drosophila wing, using GAL4-inducible short hairpin RNA (shRNA) fly strains made by the Drosophila RNAi Screening Center. shRNA expression down the center of the larval wing disc using dpp-GAL4, and the central region of the adult wing was then scored for tissue growth and wing hair morphology. Out of 4,753 shRNA crosses that survived to adulthood, 18 had impaired wing growth. FlyBase and the new Alliance of Genome Resources knowledgebases were used to determine the known or predicted functions of these genes and the association of their human orthologs with disease. The function of eight of the genes identified has not been previously defined in Drosophila. The genes identified included those with known or predicted functions in cell cycle, chromosome segregation, morphogenesis, metabolism, steroid processing, transcription, and translation. All but one of the genes are similar to those in humans, and many are associated with disease. Knockdown of lin-52, a subunit of the Myb-MuvB transcription factor, or βNACtes6, a gene involved in protein folding and trafficking, resulted in a switch from cell proliferation to an endoreplication growth program through which wing tissue grew by an increase in cell size (hypertrophy). It is anticipated that further analysis of the genes that we have identified will reveal new mechanisms that regulate tissue growth during development.
Implied Author in Philosophical Novels
Authors: Senkāne Olga 
Published: August 2019

The present article falls within a number of papers about research on specification of philosophical novels. The aim of this article is to analyze author’s function as a narrative category in classical philosophical novels (Franz Kafka "The Trial" (1925) ”The Castle”(1926), Jean-Paul Sartre "Nausea" (1938), Hermann Hesse "The Glass Bead Game" (1943), Albert Camus ”The Plague” (1947)) and a novel of Latvian prose writer Ilze Šķipsna „Neapsolītās zemes” [Un-Promised Lands](1970)). The analysis is based on theoretical ideas of structural narratologists Gerard Genette, William Labov, Seymuor Chatman, Wolf Schmid, as well as philosophers Edmund Husserl, Jean-Paul Sartre, Paul Ricouer and semioticians Yuri Lotman (Юрий Лотман) and Umberto Eco.The real author can ”enter” the text only indirectly—as an image, with the help of the storyteller, and the way how this ”entry” happens is determined by the narration of the real author or narrative (communication) skills of the author. Thus, the author and implied author are functionally different concepts: author as a real person develops the concept idea, his intention is to define the concept under his original vision; narrator, in its turn, communicates with the reader, representing the concept, and his aim is to select appropriate means of communication with regard to reader’s perceptual abilities.
Metaphor in Cognitive Approach
Authors: Połowniak-Wawrzonek Dorota 
Published: August 2019

The article presents issues relevant to the cognitive theory of metaphor developed by G. Lakoff and M. Johnson. The researchers suggest that metaphors are common. They are rooted in the experience, important in the perception of the world, thinking, acting, as revealed in the language. The metaphor of language is a reflection of a conceptual metaphor. Lakoff and Johnson point out that the metaphor of language occurs in the texts of various types, from the colloquial language to the specialist language. A metaphor carries out two important functions: explaining and facilitating understanding. It enables a partial understanding of some kind of experience in terms of another type of beings and experiences. Some issues such as the concept of love, metaphysical issues, become possible to understand only through metaphor. Thus, the thesis, which treats about necessity of metaphor, is significant. In the process of metaphorical cognition, there is a projection, which takes the source domain to the target domain. A thesis about invariant is important here. Metaphorical mapping is partial. At the root metaphor is structural similarity between domains or their correlations in our experience. Conceptual metaphors can create complex structural relationships. In the case of metaphor the thesis of one-way metaphorical mappings is as important as the thesis about her creative potential. Prominent semantics of conceptual metaphor cannot give full meaning in the literal paraphrase. Among the conceptual metaphors structural metaphors, orientation and ontological metaphors are characterized.