bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Epidemiology and Risk Factors of Work-Related Low Back Pain
Authors: Amirova T. Kh. , Gubanov R. A. , Ahmetov I. I. , Egorova E. S. , Hismatova Z. F. , Fatkhutdinova L. M. 
Published: July 2018

Objects and methods of research. Of the 580 employees of a petrochemical plant, 507 people went through survey for low back pain using the Nordic questionnaire. In the prospective part of the study, 188 workers without any back problems during 12 months before the study were followed up for 6 and 12 months using the same questionnaire. Physical load at work place, age, gender, body mass index (BMI), smoking, and gene PARK2 polymorphism were regarded as potential risk factors. 177 workers provided buccal epithelium for investigation of rs926849 polymorphism A/G in the gene PARK2 by real-time PCR.The results of the study and their discussion. One-year prevalence of low back pain was 38.7% (95% CI 33.6–42.3%), and the incidence of new cases was 20.7% (95% CI 15.3–27.4%).In the presence of the genotype AA the probability of developing the low back pain in the group of up to 30 years were as high as in the group of 30 years and older: OR 0,99 (95% CI 0.29–4.52). For the low back pain with reduction of physical activity or disability, in the presence of AA genotype risk of such pain in workers aged 30 years and older was significantly higher than in the younger group: OR 1.86 (95% CI 1.03–3.57). The probability of low back pain was highest in the simultaneous presence of risk factors such as AA genotype and body mass index 25 kg/m² and more: OR 3,83 (95% CI 2.34–4.88) for all cases of low back pain, OR 10.0 (95% CI 5.04–19.85) for low back pain with reduction of physical activity or disability.Occupational risk factors of high significance (after controlling for non-occupational risk factors and their interactions) were revealed: fixed working posture of more than 25% of the work shift: OR 4.8 (95% CI 1.57–14.69), high dynamic physical load: OR 1.48 (95% CI 0.67– 3.26), as well as high physical load in general: OR 2.96 (95% CI 0.72–12.18). For the low back pain with reduction of physical activity or disability the structure of the risk factors was the same, while the odds ratios were higher and confidence intervals did not include 1.0.Conclusion.The following risk factors of work-related low back pain have been revealed: the age (30 years and older), overweight, genetic predisposition, namely the polymorphism of the PARK2 gene, high physical load, predominantly a fixed working posture of more than 25% of the work shift, and dynamic physical load. It has been shown that interactions of the factors «age» and «genotype», as well as «BMI» and «genotype» should be considered for better understanding of the structure of risk factors of work related low back pain.
Modern Approaches to the Methods of Creating of Phage Basis for Treatment-Prophylactic a Drug of Bacteriophages Pseudomonas aeruginosa
Authors: Polygach O. A. , Voroshilov N. N. , Tikunova N. V. , Morozova V. V. , Tikunov A. Y. , Кrylov B. N. , Yunusova A. A. , Dabizheva A. N. 
Published: July 2018

Therapeutic and prophylactic preparations of bacteriophages are considered as an effective modern means of antimicrobial therapy of Pseudomonas aeruginosa infection. Bacteriophages that are part of the drugs must be certified for confirmation of their lytic and genetic properties, which ensures the safety and effectiveness of the use of drugs. In our study, biological and morphological properties were studied for drug design, the spectrum of antibacterial activity of bacteriophages isolated in various regions of Russia was determined. The most important stage of the work was research on ensuring genetic safety of bacteriophage preparations. As a result, a composition of 6 strains of lytic bacteriophages of P. aeruginosa (PaUfa №№ 1, 2, 3, 4, 6, 7) composed of the morphology of the virions to the families Podoviridae and Myoviridae, the order of Caudovirales, phylogenetic genetic groups phiKMV- likevirus , N4-likevirus, PB1-likevirus. The composition has a wide spectrum of antibacterial activity (90.7%) with respect to 818 collisional, epidemiologically significant hospital and clinical strains of P. aeruginosa bacteria, and also quite versatile for various remote territories of Russia and CIS countries.
Microsurgical rhizotomy for trigeminal neuralgia in MS patients: technique, patient satisfaction, and clinical outcomes
Authors: Bigder Mark G. , Krishnan Sandeep , Cook E. Francis , Kaufmann Anthony M. 
Published: July 2018

OBJECTIVEPatients with multiple sclerosis (MS)–associated trigeminal neuralgia (TN) have higher recurrence and retreatment rates than non-MS patients. The optimal management strategy and role for microsurgical rhizotomy (MSR) for MS-TN remains to be determined. The aim of this study was to report time to treatment failure (TTF) and pain scores following MSR compared to percutaneous and Gamma Knife procedures.METHODSTime to treatment failure was analyzed after MSR (n = 14) versus prior procedures (n = 53) among MS-TN patients. Kaplan-Meier curves and log-rank test were utilized to compare TTF after MSR versus prior procedures using the same cohort of patients as their own control group. Subsequent analysis compared TTF after MSR to TTF after 93 other procedures among a second cohort of 18 MS-TN patients not undergoing MSR. BNI pain scores were compared between MSR and other procedures among the MS-TN cohort using a chi-square test.RESULTSTTF was significantly longer after MSR than after other procedures in the MSR cohort (median TTF 79 vs 10 months, respectively, p < 0.0001). Similarly, TTF was longer after MSR than after prior procedures in the non-MSR cohort (median TTF 79 vs 13 months, respectively, p < 0.001). MSR resulted in a higher proportion of excellent pain scores when compared to other procedures in the non-MSR cohort (77% vs 29%, p < 0.001). Probability of treatment survival was higher after MSR than after other procedures at all time points (3, 6, 12, 24, 36, and 48 months). There were no deaths or major complications after MSR.CONCLUSIONSTTF was significantly longer following MSR compared to prior procedures in MS-TN patients. Additionally, a higher proportion of patients achieved excellent BNI pain scores after MSR.
Longitudinal survey of cranial case log entries during neurological surgery residency training
Authors: Agarwal Nitin , White Michael D. , Cohen Jonathan , Lunsford L. Dade , Hamilton D. Kojo 
Published: July 2018

OBJECTIVEThe purpose of this study was to analyze national trends in adult cranial cases performed by neurological surgery residents as logged into the Accreditation Council for Graduate Medical Education (ACGME) system.METHODSThe ACGME resident case logs were retrospectively reviewed for the years 2009–2017. In these reports, the national average of cases performed by graduating residents is organized by year, type of procedure, and level of resident. These logs were analyzed in order to evaluate trends in residency experience with adult cranial procedures. The reported number of cranial procedures was compared to the ACGME neurosurgical minimum requirements for each surgical category. A linear regression analysis was conducted in order to identify changes in the average number of procedures performed by residents graduating during the study period. Additionally, a 1-sample t-test was performed to compare reported case volumes to the ACGME required minimums.RESULTSAn average of 577 total cranial procedures were performed throughout residency training for each of the 1631 residents graduating between 2009 and 2017. The total caseload for graduating residents upon completion of training increased by an average of 26.59 cases each year (r2 = 0.99). Additionally, caseloads in most major procedural subspecialty categories increased; this excludes open vascular and extracranial vascular categories, which showed, respectively, a decrease and no change. The majority of cranial procedures performed throughout residency pertained to tumor (mean 158.38 operations), trauma (mean 102.17 operations), and CSF diversion (mean 76.12 operations). Cranial procedures pertaining to the subspecialties of trauma and functional neurosurgery showed the greatest rise in total procedures, increasing at 8.23 (r2 = 0.91) and 6.44 (r2 = 0.95) procedures per graduating year, respectively.CONCLUSIONSNeurosurgical residents reported increasing case volumes for most cranial procedures between 2009 and 2017. This increase was observed despite work hour limitations set forth in 2003 and 2011. Of note, an inverse relationship between open vascular and endovascular procedures was observed, with a decrease in open vascular procedures and an increase in endovascular procedures performed during the study period. When compared to the ACGME required minimums, neurosurgery residents gained much more exposure to cranial procedures than was expected. Additionally, a larger caseload throughout training suggests that residents are graduating with greater competency and experience in cranial neurosurgery.
Prevalence and Determinants of Agonistic Autoantibodies Against α1-Adrenergic Receptors in Patients Screened Positive for Dementia: Results from the Population-Based DelpHi-Study
Authors: Thyrian Jochen René , Hertel Johannes , Schulze Lara N. , Dörr Marcus , Prüss Harald , Hempel Petra , Bimmler Marion , Kunze Rudolf , Grabe Hans Jörgen , Teipel Stefan , Hoffmann Wolfgang 
Published: July 2018

Background: There is a need to assess promising biomarkers for diagnosis and treatment response in real-life settings. Despite the important role of vascular risk factors, cardiovascular biomarkers have played a minor role in dementia research. Agonistic autoantibodies (agAAB) directed against G-protein-coupled receptors (GPCR) are discussed as modulators of pathology and clinical manifestation. Objective: 1) Describe prevalence of agAAB directed against GPCR, especially agABB against α1-adrenergic receptors ( α1-AR-agAAB) and agABB directed against β2-adrenergic receptors ( β2-AR-agAAB) and 2) identify factors associated with agAAB in people with dementia during routine care. Methods: Blood samples and data from 95 subjects who screened positive for dementia from a primary care cohort, analyzed using an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) for detecting agAAB. Sociodemographic and clinical data were assessed, and medical records checked. Results: In 40 (42%) samples, agAAB was detected, with n = 29 (31%) representing α1-AR-agAAB and n = 21 (22%) β2-AR-agAAB. There was no association between the presence of any antibody and a formal diagnosis of dementia. However, patients with coronary heart disease were more likely (OR = 4.23) to have α1-AR-agAAB than those without coronary heart disease. There were no associations between agAAB and age, sex, education, or cognitive impairment. Discussion: For the first time, we show that autoantibodies have a significant prevalence in people with dementia in a routine care setting. Previous findings were restricted to highly selective samples. We replicated the association between α1-AR-agAAB in patients with coronary heart diseases but were not able to find other factors associated with the presence of agAAB.
Ceramide Accumulation Is Associated with Declining Verbal Memory in Coronary Artery Disease Patients: An Observational Study
Authors: Chan Parco , Saleem Mahwesh , Herrmann Nathan , Mielke Michelle M. , Haughey Norman J. , Oh Paul I. , Kiss Alexander , Lanctôt Krista L. 
Published: July 2018

Background: Biomarkers in cognitively vulnerable populations, like those with coronary artery disease (CAD), may inform earlier intervention in vascular neurodegeneration. Circulating ceramide C18:0 (CerC18:0) is associated with changes in verbal memory in early neurodegeneration and CAD progression. Objective: To investigate whether plasma CerC18:0 accumulation is associated with longitudinal declines in verbal memory performance in CAD. Methods: In addition to total CerC18:0, we assessed its relative abundance to its precursors as ratios: CerC18:0 to monohexosylceramide C18:0 (MHxCer18:0), CerC18:0 to sphingomyelin C18:0 (SM18:0), and CerC18:0 to sphingosine-1-phosphate (S1P). Verbal memory was assessed using the California Verbal Learning Test 2nd Ed. Using mixed models in 60 CAD participants, we evaluated associations between baseline CerC18:0 ratios and changes in verbal memory performance, adjusting for age, body mass index, and education. Given that cognitive decline is more rapid following onset of deficits, these associations were compared between those with possible mild vascular neurocognitive disorder (MVND). Results: Increased baseline CerC18:0 concentrations correlated with worse verbal memory performance over time (b[SE] = – 0.91[0.30], p = 0.003). Increased baseline CerC18:0/SM18:0 ( b[SE] = – 1.11[`], p = 0.03) were associated with worse verbal memory performance over time. These associations were not mediated by whether or not patients had possible MVND at baseline. Conclusion: These findings support aberrant CerC18:0 metabolism as an early neurobiological change in vascular neurodegeneration. Future studies should measure enzymes responsible for conversion of sphingolipid precursors into CerC18:0 to assess enzymatic activity.
TDP-43 and Alzheimer’s Disease Pathologic Subtype in Non-Amnestic Alzheimer’s Disease Dementia
Authors: Sahoo Aradhana , Bejanin Alexandre , Murray Melissa E. , Tosakulwong Nirubol , Weigand Stephen D. , Serie Amanda M. , Senjem Matthew L. , Machulda Mary M. , Parisi Joseph E. , Boeve Bradley F. , Knopman David S. , Petersen Ronald C. , Dickson Dennis W. , Whitwell Jennifer L. , Josephs Keith A. 
Published: July 2018

Background: TDP-43 has been shown to be strongly associated with memory loss, smaller hippocampal volumes, and faster rates of hippocampal atrophy in Alzheimer’s disease (AD) patients with an amnestic presentation. Whether TDP-43 has any clinical or anatomical associations in AD patients with non-amnestic phenotype is unknown. Objective: To determine whether TDP-43 plays a significant role in the clinic-anatomic features of non-amnestic AD. Methods: All cases with pathologically confirmed intermediate-high probability AD from 1996–2012 were identified and retrospectively sub-classified into amnestic versus non-amnestic dementia at the time of presentation. Neurofibrillary tangle counts were performed in those with a non-amnestic presentation using thioflavin-S microscopy in the hippocampus and three neocortical regions, and all cases were subtyped into hippocampal-sparing, limbic-predominant, and typical AD pathology. TDP-43 immunoreactivity was used to assess for the presence of TDP-43. Statistical analyses helped determine whether pathologic subtype or TDP-43 was more strongly associated with clinico-imaging features. Results: Out of 172 pathologically confirmed AD cases, 36 (19%) were classified as non-amnestic. Twenty-five of these 36 (69%) had typical pathology, 0 limbic-predominant pathology, and 11 (31%) hippocampal-sparing pathology. Eleven (44%) of the 25 cases with typical pathology were TDP-43+. Of the 11 cases with hippocampal-sparing pathology, 4 (36%) were TDP-43+. There were no differences in demographic, clinical, or neuroimaging features in those with TDP-43 versus those without except for older age at onset ( p = 0.02) and age at death ( p = 0.02) in those with TDP-43. AD pathological subtype accounted for slightly more of the variances in the neocortex than TDP-43. Conclusion: In non-amnestic AD, we find little evidence that clinical or anatomical features of the disease are related to TDP-43.
Cognitive Training Improves Ratio Processing and Decision Making in Patients with Mild Cognitive Impairment
Authors: Burgio Francesca , Delazer Margarete , Meneghello Francesca , Pertl Marie-Theres , Semenza Carlo , Zamarian Laura 
Published: July 2018

Background: Patients with mild cognitive impairment (MCI) show lower decision making and ratio processing abilities as compared to healthy peers. Objective: To evaluate whether cognitive training on number processing and/or executive functions improves performance on ratio processing and decision making under risk. Methods: In a controlled cross-over study, patients with MCI ( n = 23; mean MMSE 26.48, SD 2.43) underwent a week of numerical training followed by a week of executive-functions training (subgroup A), or vice versa (subgroup B). Before training (T1), patients performed experimental tasks of decision making (Game of Dice Task, GDT; Probability-Associated Gambling task, PAG-60 task) and of ratio processing as well as a neuropsychological background assessment. Experimental tasks were also administered after the first (T2) and the second (T3) training week. Results: The numerical training and the training of executive functions had a differential effect on experimental tasks of ratio processing. Only the numerical training proved to be effective. The effects of the two training types on decision making under risk were less clear-cut. While no changes over time were observed in the GDT, performance on the PAG-60 task improved in both training subgroups. These improvements were apparent in one subgroup after a period of executive-functions training, in the other subgroup after both training weeks. That means, improvements are not attributable to one specific training type. Conclusion: Patients with MCI can profit from a cognitive training on number processing and executive functions. Improvements are reflected in higher ratio processing abilities and more advantageous decisions after training. These results are consistent with assumptions of current cognitive models.
Prenatal, Neonatal, and Early Childhood Features in Congenital Myotonic Dystrophy
Authors: Zapata-Aldana Eugenio , Ceballos-Sáenz Delia , Hicks Rhiannon , Campbell Craig 
Published: July 2018

Background: Congenital myotonic dystrophy (CDM) is the neonatal onset and most severe presentation of Myotonic Dystrophy type 1. Since it first description, perinatal complications have been detailed including prolonged hospital stay, respiratory and feeding therapy during the neonatal period, although long-term complications are less documented. Objective: Present a prospective cohort of CDM and compare it to the literature of other CDM case series, to adequately describe and contrast the prenatal, neonatal and infancy features of CDM. Methods: A 5-year cohort of CDM eligible cases was conducted via the Canadian Pediatric Surveillance Program. 38 patients met the inclusion criteria. Comparison to other CDM case series published in the literature between 1992 and 2016 about perinatal and infancy morbidity. Result: From a total of 118 cases, the most frequent features were Polyhydramnios (58%), feeding therapy (77%), intubation and ventilation (58%); neonatal death was reported in 16% of the cases; the most frequent long-term morbidity were respiratory tract infections. Conclusions: We performed a detailed description of the main perinatal features of CDM and precise documentation of the mortality and morbidity during the first five years of life. This is an essential step in the knowledge of the natural history of CDM.
Recruitment and Retention in Clinical Trials of Deep Brain Stimulation in Early-Stage Parkinson’s Disease: Past Experiences and Future Considerations
Authors: Grace Cannard K. , Hacker Mallory L. , Molinari Anna , Heusinkveld Lauren E. , Currie Amanda D. , Charles David 
Published: July 2018

Background: Clinical trials are often hindered by inadequate patient recruitment. Overly optimistic investigator predictions of participation can lead to unmet recruitment goals and costly trial extensions. A patient-focused approach estimating recruitment in clinical trials may provide higher accuracy. Objective: To assess the feasibility of recruitment in a future deep brain stimulation (DBS) in early-stage Parkinson’s disease (PD) multicenter trial by understanding motivations and concerns to participation of past and potential future DBS in early-stage PD clinical trial subjects. Methods: To identify motivating factors and barriers influencing trial participation, an end-of-trial survey was administered to subjects enrolled in a DBS in early-stage PD pilot trial with subjects randomized to receive DBS plus optimal drug therapy (DBS+ODT) or ODT alone (NCT#00282152, IDE#G050016). Pilot trial survey results were analyzed in conjunction with results of a previously-reported survey querying PD patients about potential participation in a trial for DBS in early-stage PD with similar inclusion/exclusion criteria. Results: Pilot trial subjects reported high levels of satisfaction with their participation in the study. Similar motivations and barriers to participation were expressed in comparable proportions by subjects who successfully completed the pilot trial and patients with early-stage PD considering enrollment in a comparable DBS study. Conclusions: The FDA has approved a prospective, randomized, double-blind, phase III, multicenter, pivotal clinical trial evaluating DBS in early-stage PD (IDE#G050016). These results suggest that the successful recruitment and retention of early-stage PD subjects, as observed in the pilot trial, is attainable in a future pivotal trial.
Les aléas des interactions langagières au sein d''un groupe d'élèves de cycle 3
Authors: Juving Charles 
Published: July 2018

On suit un groupe de quatre élèves dans son travail puis dans son compte-rendu collectif lors de la phase de présentation des règles morphologiques. On se demande, pour l’essentiel, si le travail en groupe hétérogène possède une efficace. L’étude, quantitative et qualitative, fait apparaître certaines réalités du conflit social et du conflit cognitif. C’est bien ainsi qu’il faudrait dire, plutôt que « conflit sociocognitif » : il se suffit pas d’être en groupe et d’avoir une tâche pour que « conflit sociocognitif » il y ait. La réalité que le travail d’analyse montre est loin de l’image d’Epinal : d’une part, des conflits proprement (psycho) sociaux -partition filles / garçons, luttes de pouvoir, revendications de place organisationnelles, constituent des obstacles puissants à la coopération cognitive, d’autre part des problè mes d’écarts cognitifs importants entre les uns et les autres freinent la coopération
sociale. Dans ces conditions difficiles, le remarquable de l’affaire est que les plus «faibles » des élèves (au moins) progressent, et que l’on comprenne comment.
Ce qui, ce que : C.Q.F.D.
Authors: Le Goffic Pierre 
Published: July 2018

L’article propose une vue d’ensemble des emplois du tour ce qu-en français. Il dégage d’abord sa raison d’être fondamentale, qui est de suppléer aux carences (mal expliquées) du pronom « non humain » quoi / que : Dis-moi * quoi tu as fait >
Dis-moi ce que tu as fait . Le groupe ce qu-réalise en deux mots ce que fait quoi
en un seul mot : introduire une variable du domaine «non humain » . Un groupe
ce qu-... est donc à la fois un GN, par formation (antécédent ce + relative), et l’équivalent possible d’une subordonnée, par supplétisme. A partir de là, l’article étudie successivement les différents emplois du tour : 1. percontatifs (« interrogatifs indirects » : Dis-moi ce que tu as fait) ou intégratifs (« relatifs sans antécédent » : Ce qui se conçoit bien s’énonce clairement), 2. anaphoriques : Il a refusé, ce que je comprends,
3. complétifs : Je tiens à ce que vous veniez,
4. comme GN « de quantité » : Ce que Jean peut être assommant ! Il est plus jeune que ce que je pensais, en dégageant son unité et sa diversité.