bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The development of the Community Deprivation Index and its application to accountable care organizations
Authors: Robst John , Cogburn Ryan , Forlines Grayson , Frazier Lex , Kautter John 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
There is strong interest among policymakers to adjust for area-level deprivation when making payments to providers because such areas have traditionally been underserved. The Medicare Accountable Care Organization Realizing Equity, Access, and Community Health (ACO REACH) model provides higher payments to ACOs serving areas with greater deprivation. Area Deprivation Index (ADI) is the primary component to measure deprivation for ACO REACH. The ADI is a commonly used deprivation index, but there are concerns about its methodology, primarily its use of nonstandardized deprivation factors. Prior research indicates the ADI is mainly determined by home values, which does not allow it to adequately capture deprivation in urban areas. This paper revises and updates the ADI, using American Community Survey data to compute a census block group deprivation index, the Community Deprivation Index (CDI). The CDI standardizes the deprivation factors to be unit neutral, applies statistical shrinkage to account for the imprecise measurement of the factors, updates several factors, and reweights the factors using the most recently available data. Validation tests suggest the CDI exhibits higher correlations with several health outcome/utilization measures than the ADI. The CDI will better serve policymakers by improving identification of urban areas with higher deprivation.
Processing Strategy for Deep Imaging Beneath Complex Shallow Structures Under Shallow Water: a Case Study in the Enping Sag
Authors: Zhang Weiwei , Xu Leyi , Zhang Zhizhong , Chen Zhaoming , Liu Ling , Chen Renjie , Zhang Xiaozhao 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
As offshore exploration targets deeper parts of shallow-water areas in the eastern South China Sea, an increasing number of hydrocarbon discoveries have been made in recent years, and the difficulty of such exploration has increased. One such challenge lies in mid-depth imaging beneath complex shallow geological structures. When a seismic wave penetrates through groups of densely distributed fractures and/or volcanic rocks, only a fraction of the energy reaches the target depth. As the ray path becomes complex, the middle to deep imaging quality becomes significantly poorer. In this study we applied three techniques: 3D joint source and receiver deghosting and zero-phasing, dynamic resolution time-lag full waveform inversion (DR-TLFWI), and least square Q-compensated Kirchhoff pre-stack depth migration (LSQPSDM), to improve the related seismic data and ultimately improve the imaging quality beneath complex shallow geological structures in the shallow-water environment of the eastern South China Sea, providing better subsurface understanding for the exploration of this area.
Use of qPCR to monitor 2,4-dinitroanisole degrading bacteria in water and soil slurry cultures
Authors: Waidner Lisa A , Daniel Carrie E , Kovar Sarah E , Spain Jim C 
Published: November 2024

Abstract

Prediction and process monitoring during natural attenuation, bioremediation, and biotreatment require effective strategies for detection and enumeration of the responsible bacteria. The use of 2,4-dinitroanisole (DNAN) as a component of insensitive munitions leads to environmental contamination of firing ranges and manufacturing waste streams. Nocardioides sp. strain JS1661 degrades DNAN under aerobic conditions via a pathway involving an unusual DNAN demethylase. We used the deeply branched sequences of DNAN degradation functional genes as a target for development of a molecular method for detection of the bacteria. A qPCR assay was designed for the junction between dnhA and dnhB, the adjacent genes encoding DNAN demethylase. The assay allowed reproducible enumeration of JS1661 during growth in liquid media and soil slurries. Results were consistent with biodegradation of DNAN, accumulation of products, and classical biomass estimates, including most probable number and OD600. The results provide a sensitive and specific molecular method for prediction of degradation potential and process evaluation during degradation of DNAN.

One-Sentence Summary
A unique target sequence in functional genes enables the design of a simple and specific qPCR assay for enumeration of aerobic 2,4-dinitroanisole-degrading bacteria in soil and water.
Molecular insights into AGS3’s role in spindle orientation: a biochemical perspective
Authors: Yu Shi , Ji Jie , Weng Jingwei , Liu Zhijun , Wang Wenning 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
The intrinsic regulation of spindle orientation during asymmetric cell division depends on the evolutionarily conserved protein complex LGN (Pins)/NuMA (Mud)/Gα⋅GDP. While the role of LGN and its Drosophila orthologue Pins is well-established, the function of AGS3, the paralogue of LGN, in spindle orientation during cell division remains controversial. This study substantiates the contentious nature of AGS3’s function through systematic biochemical characterizations. The results confirm the high conservation of AGS3 in its functional structural domains, similar to LGN, and its comparable ability to bind to partners including NuMA, Insc, and Gαi3⋅GDP. However, in contrast to LGN, AGS3 and the microtubule-binding protein NuMA are unable to form stable hetero-hexamers or higher-order oligomeric complexes that are pivotal for effective regulation of spindle orientation. It was found that this notable difference between AGS3 and LGN stems from the N-terminal sequence preceding the conserved TPR motifs, which spans ∼20 residues. Furthermore, our findings substantiate the disruptive effect of Insc on the oligomeric AGS3/NuMA complex, while showing no impact on the oligomeric LGN/NuMA complex. Consequently, Insc emerges as an additional regulatory factor that distinguishes the functional roles of AGS3 and LGN, leading to the impairment of AGS3’s ability to actively reorient the mitotic spindle. These results elucidate the molecular basis underlying the observed functional disparity in spindle orientation between LGN and AGS3, providing valuable insights into the regulation of cell division at the molecular level.
T-Minkowski Noncommutative Spacetimes II: Classical Field Theory
Authors: Mercati Flavio 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
This paper is the second part of a series that develops the mathematical framework necessary for studying field theories on “T-Minkowski” noncommutative spacetimes. These spacetimes constitute a class of noncommutative geometries, introduced in Part I, that are each invariant under distinct quantum-group deformations of the Poincaré group. All these noncommutative geometries possess certain physically desirable characteristics, which allow me to develop all the tools of differential geometry and functional analysis that are necessary in order to build consistent and T-Poincaré-invariant noncommutative classical field theories.
Incidence and severity of community acquired pneumonias in children before and after the COVID-19 pandemic
Authors: Koliou Maria G , Aristidou Athina , Mazeri Stella , Nikolopoulos Georgios , Argyrou Maria , Haralambous Christos , Elia Avraam , Yiallouros Panayiotis 
Published: November 2024

Abstract

Background
During the first year of the covid-19 pandemic the adoption of non-pharmacological interventions (NPI), resulted in a significant fall in the incidence of respiratory tract infections. However, after the relaxation of these restrictions some of these infections have returned. This study evaluates the incidence and severity of community acquired pneumonias (CAPs) in children before and after the onset of pandemic.

Methods
Characteristics of CAPs admitted to Archbishop Makarios Hospital, between March 2016 and February 2023 were reviewed. Comparison was made between the first, second and third pandemic year, and the four pre-pandemic years.

Results
The mean annual number of admissions in the pre-pandemic years was 32 and dropped to 11 during the first pandemic year. However, admissions increased again in the second year of the pandemic to 41 (increase by 28%), and this increase was sustained into the third year. The proportion of complicated pneumonias, approximately doubled, from 20% in the pre-pandemic years to 35% and 33% in the second and third pandemic year, respectively.

Conclusions
During the first year the use of NPIs appeared to have decreased the incidence of pneumonias. However, during the second and third pandemic years, an increase in the numbers and severity of pneumonias was noted.
tonalli: an asexual genetic code to characterize APOGEE-2 stellar spectra. I. Validation with synthetic and solar spectra
Authors: Adame Lucía , Román-Zúñiga Carlos , Hernández Jesús , López-Valdivia Ricardo , Sánchez Edilberto 
Published: November 2024

ABSTRACT
We present tonalli, a spectroscopic analysis python code that efficiently predicts effective temperature, stellar surface gravity, metallicity, $\alpha$-element abundance, and rotational and radial velocities for stars with effective temperatures between 3200 and 6250 K, observed with the Apache Point Observatory Galactic Evolution Experiment 2 (APOGEE-2). tonalli implements an asexual genetic algorithm to optimize the finding of the best comparison between a target spectrum and the continuum-normalized synthetic spectra library from the Model Atmospheres with a Radiative and Convective Scheme (MARCS), which is interpolated in each generation. Using simulated observed spectra and the APOGEE-2 solar spectrum of Vesta, we study the performance, limitations, accuracy, and precision of our tool. Finally, a Monte Carlo realization was implemented to estimate the uncertainties of each derived stellar parameter.
”Short” Versus “Long” Duration of Untreated Psychosis in People with First-Episode Psychosis: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Baseline Status and Follow-Up Outcomes
Authors: Catalan Ana , Salazar de Pablo Gonzalo , Aymerich Claudia , Guinart Daniel , Goena Javier , Madaria Lander , Pacho Malein , Alameda Luis , Garrido-Torres Nathalia , Pedruzo Borja , Rubio Jose M , Gonzalez-Torres Miguel Angel , Fusar-Poli Paolo , Correll Christoph U 
Published: November 2024

Abstract

Background and Hypothesis
Duration of untreated psychosis (DUP) has been linked to worse mental health outcomes in psychotic disorders. We meta-analytically studied the relationship between “long” vs. “short” DUP and mental health outcomes.

Study Design
This PRISMA/MOOSE-compliant meta-analysis searched for nonoverlapping individual studies from database inception until November 01, 2023, reporting data from author-defined “short”/”long” DUP (according to author’s definition) in patients with first-episode psychosis (FEP). We compared differences between “short”/”long” DUP groups at baseline and/or follow-up in continuous and binary outcomes. We conducted random-effects meta-analyses, stratified analyses, heterogeneity analyses, meta-regression analyses, and quality assessment (PROSPERO: CRD42023479321).

Study Results
From 16,055 citations, 34 studies were included (n = 6,425, age = 27.5 ± 7.1 years, males = 60.4%, white = 70.2%, DUP: mean = 60.8 ± 43.8 weeks, median = 52.5, interquartile range = 31.3, 68.0 weeks, follow-up = 19.2 ± 35.0 months). The definition of “short”/”long” varies significantly between the studies. Compared to “short” DUP (mean = 10.2 ± 11.2 weeks), “long” DUP (mean = 58.8 ± 76.4 weeks) was associated with higher baseline Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale (PANSS) negative (k = 14, ES = 0.45, 95%CI = 0.16, 0.74) and Scale for the Assessment of Negative Symptoms (k = 7, ES = 0.29, 95%CI = 0.11, 0.47) scores, lower remission (k = 7, OR = 0.40, 95%CI = 0.24, 0.67) and more suicide attempts (k = 4, OR = 2.01, 95%CI = 1.36, 2.96). At follow-up, compared to “short” DUP, “long” DUP was associated with lower Global Assessment of Functioning (k = 4, ES = −0.63, 95%CI = −0.83, −0.43) and higher PANSS negative subscale scores (k = 5, ES = 0.66, 95%CI = 0.05, 1.27).

Conclusions
In FEP, longer DUP is related to greater baseline negative symptoms, less remission, and more suicide attempts, as well as greater postbaseline negative symptom severity and functional disability. To what degree longer DUP contributes to poorer outcomes or whether DUP only correlates with these outcomes requires further study. A greater consensus on the definition of long DUP is needed to make comparisons between studies more feasible.
An Alternative Fixation Technique for the Treatment of Comminuted Intra-Articular Distal Clavicle Fractures Using Contoured Reconstruction Bridging Plate
Authors: Abdelhamed Romeih Mohamed , Elsoudany Hossam A. 
Published: November 2024

Background:
Comminuted intra-articular distal end clavicular fractures are rare type fractures, which cannot be fixed with standard fixation methods. This work aimed to study an alternative fixation technique for the treatment of comminuted intra-articular distal clavicle fractures using the contoured reconstruction bridging plate.

Methods:
The prospective study was conducted from August 2017 and March 2023 on 17 patients with highly comminuted intra-articular distal end clavicular fractures (Robinson type 3B2), managed by ORIF using a contoured reconstruction plate with coracoclavicular screws augmentation through the plate, bridging the AC joint in the age group of 18 to 50 years. Functional outcomes were evaluated at the final follow-up 12 months after plate removal, which was done after the full union of the fracture, using the modified shoulder score for distal clavicle fractures.

Results:
Time until the achievement of radiologic union ranged from 6 to 20 weeks (mean=15.8). Postoperative complications were superficial infection in 5.88% of patients and hardware symptoms in 5.88% of patients. Satisfactory results were excellent in 58.82% of patients and good in 41.18% of patients. The mean modified shoulder score was 16.2 at the final follow-up of 12 months after plate removal.

Conclusion:
In comminuted intra-articular distal end clavicular fractures which are not amenable for fixation with the standard methods, we recommend using a low-profile contoured reconstruction plate bridging the AC joint, with coracoclavicular screws augmentation as an alternative method of fixation with satisfactory results to restore normal anatomy, preserve AC joint motion, and reduce arthritic changes.
A Novel Rat Model to Simulate Positive Margins in the Wound Bed of a Resected Sarcoma
Authors: Singh Gurtej , Kaymakcalan Omer , Hays Thomas R. , Abbas Adam , Sridevan Sruthi , Kaur Jasleen , Rathi Sourish , Marquez Jocellie , Ghazizadeh Soosan , Tavernier Felix , Boyce Brendan F. , Khan Sami U. , Khan Fazel A. , Bui Duc T. , Dagum Alexander B. 
Published: November 2024

Background:
One reason for local recurrence is the presence of positive surgical margins after tumor resection. An animal model accurately representing the microtumor burden will improve our understanding of these surgical margins. Using a rat model, we report a new methodology for creating microscopic tumors.

Methods:
Four different cell densities (1000, 10,000, 100,000, and 500,000 cells) of virus-induced Rous sarcoma XC cells (ATCC CCL-165) were topically added to 1.0 cm × 1.0 cm full-thickness wounds of male Rowett nude rats. Both Tegaderm and Tensoplast were then used to dress the wounds. After 9 days, the wound beds were excised, stained with hematoxylin and eosin, and analyzed using National Institutes of Health Image J software.

Results:
Better healing of the wound beds was observed for the smaller 2 cell densities (1000 and 10,000) as opposed to the higher 2 densities (100,000 and 500,000). The 2 higher cell density groups had gross identifiable tumors that extended deep through the dermis. On the other hand, the smaller cell density groups had microscopic tumor masses. Inflammation was present in all groups irrespective of the initial tumor cell densities, whereas hemorrhage was present only in the 2 higher cell density groups.

Conclusions:
This methodology can create a clinically relevant scenario of positive surgical margins after tumor resection. This induction method is simple, reasonably quick to use, and requires minimal surgical expertise. This approach could also develop microscopically positive margins for a much more comprehensive array of cancers.
Exploring Information Needs and Educational Preferences of Individuals Referred to Cardiac Rehabilitation Before Program Start
Authors: Delgado Bomtempo Ana Paula , Konidis Renee , Aultman Crystal , Barry-Hickey Danielle , Ghisi Gabriela Lima de Melo 
Published: November 2024

Purpose:
To explore information needs and educational preferences of individuals referred to cardiac rehabilitation (CR) before program start.

Methods:
This cross-sectional study was conducted from June 2023 to February 2024. Referred patients were contacted via email, which included a link to a website providing information about the CR program, and instructional videos. Data were collected through surveys that assessed health literacy levels, information needs (using the short version of the Information Needs in CR), frequently asked questions, delivery preferences, and engagement/satisfaction with educational resources.

Results:
Throughout the study period, the CR center received 2571 referrals, of which 881 individuals were eligible for the study, and 467 (mean age 66.4 ± 12.2 years; 36% women) consented and completed questionnaires. Information needs were highest for CR and diagnosis/treatment and lowest for nutrition and risk factors. The study revealed significant differences in the perceived importance of information needs across various sociodemographic and clinical characteristics, including age (P = .01), educational level (P = .009), work status (P = .04), main reason for CR referral (P < .001), and health literacy (P = .02). Moreover, participants identified key areas of interest and concern related to their CR journey. These included inquiries about safe exercise initiation, pre-stress test instructions, and personalized exercise plans, among others. It was also observed that the majority of participants engaged with the educational materials provided and indicated high levels of satisfaction.

Conclusion:
This study revealed patient preferences regarding educational content, delivery format, and areas of interest/concern related to CR prior to program start, providing valuable insights for improving the delivery and effectiveness of such programs.
Effect of Exercise-Based Cardiac Rehabilitation on Patients With Chronic Heart Failure After Transcatheter Aortic Valve Replacement
Authors: Song Jingjin , Chen Xiang , Wang Bin , Cheng Ye , Wang Yan 
Published: November 2024

Purpose:
The objective of this study was to assess the effect of exercise-based cardiac rehabilitation (CR) with individualized exercise prescription in patients with chronic heart failure (HF) undergoing transcatheter aortic valve replacement (TAVR) in a randomized controlled trial.

Methods:
A total of 60 patients with chronic HF who received TAVR treatment were randomly divided into the control group (n = 30) and exercise training (ET) group (n = 30). The control group was treated with conventional rehabilitation, and the ET group was given personalized exercise-based CR based on a cardiopulmonary exercise test (CPX). The CPX parameters, echocardiography, 6-minute walk test distance, and quality of life were evaluated in the two groups.

Results:
All patients who completed symptom-restricted CPX showed no complications. After the 12-week rehabilitation period, the levels of anaerobic threshold, peak oxygen uptake, peak oxygen pulse, peak power, left ventricular ejection fraction, and 6-minute walk test distance in the ET group were significantly higher than those in the control group (P < .05). Scores on the Minnesota Life with Heart Failure Questionnaire in the ET group were lower than those in the control group (P < .05).

Conclusion:
Exercise-based CR significantly improves cardiopulmonary function, exercise tolerance, and quality of life in patients with chronic HF who undergo TAVR.
Assessing the risk of postnatal depression in mothers receiving the health visiting service: a best practice implementation project
Authors: Holland Amanda , Raymond Rachel , Jones Kim 
Published: November 2024

ABSTRACT

Objectives:
The project aimed to assess health visitors’ concordance with evidence-based criteria regarding identification and support of postnatal depression in mothers receiving the health visiting service.

Introduction:
Timely identification is critical to support mothers at risk of postnatal depression. Undetected and untreated postnatal depression can result in severe consequences for the mother's health, infant health and development, and well-being of the family as a whole. Due to their unique role of universal home visiting, health visitors are ideally placed to identify and support mothers, and evidence-based practice is key to positive outcomes.

Methods:
A baseline audit was carried out using evidence-based audit and feedback informed by the JBI Model for EBHC and guided by the seven-phase implementation framework, involving 12 health visitors and 60 health visiting records from one health board in Wales, UK. The first step involved project development and generating evidence. A baseline audit was completed and a training program on perinatal and infant mental health was implemented. Finally, a post-implementation audit was completed involving 6 health visitors and 30 health visiting records.

Results:
Receiving training in perinatal and infant mental health resulted in an improvement in baseline audit results. Health visitor concordance with best practice guidelines increased, with three of the six criteria in the post-implementation audit reaching 100% concordance, and two other criteria increasing to 83% and 93%, respectively.

Conclusion:
The implementation project achieved improvements in concordance with best practice recommendations for identifying and supporting mothers experiencing, or at risk of experiencing, postnatal depression.

Spanish abstract:

http://links.lww.com/IJEBH/A293