bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Synthesis of Ferrosoferric Oxide‐graphene Oxide Nanocomposite by Isoelectric Point Method for the Detection of Catechol
Authors: Wang Kaiqian , Cheng Yalin , Tu Biyang , Tao Haisheng 
Published: September 2019

AbstractFerrosoferric oxide functionalized graphene oxide nanocomposite with layer by layer structure was synthesized by isoelectric point method in this work. The prepared material was characterized by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, X‐ray diffraction, scanning electron microscopy, transmission electron microscopy and Raman spectroscopy. Then the material was used to modify a glassy carbon electrode to fabricate an electrochemical sensor for the detection of catechol. The electrochemical sensor exhibited excellent electrochemical performance towards the detection of catechol with a linear response in the range of 5–205 μM and a detection limit of 2.32 μM. Furthermore, the electrochemical sensor showed excellent selectivity, stability and repeatability. These results revealed ferrosoferric oxide functionalized graphene oxide nanocomposite has potential applications in the fabrication of electrochemical sensors.
A Simple Approach to Simultaneous Electroanalytical Quantification of Acetaminophen and Tramadol Using a Boron‐doped Diamond Electrode in the Existence of Sodium Dodecyl Sulfate
Authors: Yunusoğlu Oruç , Allahverdiyeva Shabnam , Yardım Yavuz , Şentürk Zühre 
Published: September 2019

AbstractThe present work describes the individual, selective and simultaneous quantification of acetaminophen (ACP) and tramadol hydrochloride (TRA) using a modification‐free boron‐doped diamond (BDD) electrode. Cyclic voltammetric measurements revealed that the profile of the binary mixtures of ACP and TRA were manifested by two irreversible oxidation peaks at about +1.04 V (for ACP) and +1.61 V (for TRA) in Britton‐Robinson (BR) buffer pH 3.0. TRA oxidation peak was significantly improved in the presence of anionic surfactant, sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS), while ACP signal did not change. By employing square‐wave stripping mode in BR buffer pH 3.0 containing 8×10−4 mol L−1 SDS after 30 s accumulation under open‐circuit voltage, the BDD electrode could be used for quantification of ACP and TRA simultaneously in the ranges 1.0–70 μg mL−1 (6.6×10−6–4.6×10−4 mol L−1) and 1.0–70 μg mL−1 (3.3×10−6–2.3×10−4 mol L−1), with detection limits of 0.11 μg mL−1 (7.3×10−7 mol L−1) and 0.13 μg mL−1 (4.3×10−7 mol L−1), respectively. The practical applicability of the proposed approach was tested for the individual and simultaneous quantification of ACP and/or TRA in the pharmaceutical dosage forms.
Design, synthesis of (Z)‐3‐benzyl‐5‐((1‐phenyl‐3‐(3‐((1‐ substituted phenyl‐1H‐1,2,3‐triazol‐4‐yl)methoxy)phenyl)‐1H‐pyrazol‐4‐yl)methylene)thiazolidine‐2,4‐dione analogues as potential cytotoxic agents
Authors: Kolluri Prashanth Kumar , Gurrapu Nirmala , Edigi Praveen Kumar , N. J. P. Subhashini , Putta Shravani , Singh Surya Satyanarayana 
Published: September 2019

AbstractIn an attempt to achieve promising cytotoxic agents, a series of new (Z)‐3‐benzyl‐5‐((1‐phenyl‐3‐(3‐((1‐substituted phenyl‐1H‐1,2,3‐triazol‐4‐yl)methoxy)phenyl)‐1H‐pyrazol‐4‐yl)methylene)thiazolidine‐2,4‐diones 10 a‐n were designed, synthesized, and characterized by 1H NMR, 13C NMR, IR, and ESI‐MS techniques. These compounds synthesized from appropriate reaction procedures with better yields. All the novel synthesized compounds 10a‐n were evaluated for their cytotoxic activity against the MCF‐7 cell line (Human breast cancer cell line) at different concentrations of 0.625, 1.25, 2.5, 5, and 10 μM, respectively. The cytotoxic evaluation assay is presented in terms of IC50 values and percentage cell viability reduction compared against standard drug cisplatin. Among all novel synthesized compounds 10a‐n, some of the representative analogues particularly 10g and 10e exhibit remarkable cytotoxic activity with IC50 values 0.454 and 0.586 μM, comparable to that of the standard drug cisplatin, and some analogues 10d, 10f, 10k, and 10m also have shown significant activity.
Volume‐Based Protocol Improves Delivery of Enteral Nutrition in Critically Ill Trauma Patients
Authors: Sachdev Gaurav , Backes Kehaulani , Thomas Bradley Winston , Sing Ronald Fong , Huynh Toan 
Published: September 2019

AbstractBackgroundCritically ill patients on enteral nutrition (EN) often do not receive goal nutrition support. Factors impeding delivery of EN include interruption for procedures, tube dislodgement, and high gastric residuals. A volume‐based feeding protocol (VP) is designed to adjust the infusion rate to compensate for interruptions. We hypothesize that implementation of a VP would increase delivery of EN over the conventional hourly rate method (CM).MethodsThis study compared patients on CM to those on VP. The primary outcome measured was percentage of goal EN delivered during the entire intensive care unit (ICU) stay. Inclusion criteria for the study consisted of patients aged >18 years, traumatic mechanism of injury and admission to the ICU >72 hours, hemodynamic stability to receive EN per the trauma ICU standard of practice, and EN via nasogastric or post‐pyloric feeding tube.ResultsWe evaluated 227 patients over a 20‐month period. Seventy‐nine patients in the VP group were compared with the control group of 148 patients. Patients on VP received a significantly higher percentage of goal EN than those on CM (73.3% vs 65%, P = .0002). There was no difference in the incidence of diarrhea (CM 4.16% vs VP 5.19%; P = .29) or tube dislodgment (CM 2.04% vs VP 1.61%; P = .51).ConclusionImplementation of a VP significantly increased delivery of EN by 8.3% over that given by the CM in critically ill trauma patients with no difference in feeding‐related complications.
Traces of volcanic ash from the Mediterranean, Iceland and North America in a Holocene record from south Wales, UK
Authors: Jones Gwydion , Davies Siwan M. , Staff Richard A. , Loader Neil J. , Davies Sarah J. , Walker Michael J. C. 
Published: September 2019

ABSTRACTA tephra record is presented for a sediment core from Llyn Llech Owain, south Wales, spanning the early‐ to mid‐Holocene. Seven cryptotephra deposits are discovered with three thought to correlate with known eruptions and the remaining four considered to represent previously undocumented events. One deposit is suggested to correlate with the ~6.9 cal ka bp Lairg A tephra from Iceland, whereas more distant sources are proposed as the origin for two of the tephra deposits. A peak of colourless shards in early‐Holocene sediments is thought to tentatively correlate with the ~9.6 cal ka bp Fondi di Baia tephra (Campi Flegrei) and a second cryptotephra is tentatively correlated with the ~3.6 cal ka bp Aniakchak (CFE) II tephra (Alaska). The Fondi di Baia tephra has never been recorded beyond proximal sites and its discovery in south Wales significantly extends the geographical distribution of ash from this eruption. The remaining four cryptotephra deposits are yet to be correlated with known eruptions, demonstrating that our current understanding of widespread tephra deposits is incomplete. This new tephra record highlights the potential for sites at more southerly and westerly locations in northwest Europe to act as repositories for ash from several volcanic regions.
Tracheostomy in Extremely Preterm Neonates in the United States: A Cross‐Sectional Analysis
Authors: Wang Cynthia S. , Kou Yann‐Fuu , Shah Gopi B. , Mitchell Ron B. , Johnson Romaine F. 
Published: September 2019

Objectives/HypothesisBronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD) and invasive respiratory support is increasing among extremely preterm neonates. Yet, it is unclear if there is a corresponding increase in tracheostomies. We hypothesize that in extremely preterm neonates with BPD, the incidence of tracheostomy has increased.Study DesignRetrospective cross‐sectional analysis.MethodsWe analyzed the 2006 to 2012 Kids’ Inpatient Databases (KID) for hospital discharges of nonextremely preterm neonates (gestational age >28 weeks and <37 weeks or birth weight >1,500 g) and extremely preterm neonates (gestational age ≤28 weeks or birth weight ≤1,500 g). We studied tracheostomy placement trends in these two populations to see if they are increasing among extremely preterm neonates, especially those with BPD.ResultsThe study included 1,418,681 preterm neonates (52% male, 50% white, 19% black, 20% Hispanic, 4.2% Asian), of whom 118,676 (8.4%) were extremely preterm. A total of 2,029 tracheostomies were performed, of which 803 (0.68%) were in extremely preterm neonates. The estimated percent change of occurrence of extremely preterm neonates with BPD increased 17% between 2006 and 2012, and tracheostomy placement increased 31%. Amongst all who received tracheostomies, mortality rate was higher in extremely preterm neonates compared to nonextremely preterm neonates (18% vs. 14%, P = .05). However, in extremely preterm neonates, those with tracheostomies had a lower mortality rate compared to those without (18% vs. 24%, P = .002).ConclusionsExtremely preterm neonates, compared to nonextremely preterm neonates, experienced a marked increase in tracheostomies placed from 2006 to 2012 as well as an increased incidence of BPD, confirming our primary study hypothesis.Level of Evidence4 Laryngoscope, 130: 2056–2062, 2020
Natural Silk Film for Magnesium Protection: Hydrophobic/Hydrophilic Interaction and Self‐Healing Effect
Authors: Ulasevich Sviatlana A. , Nenashkina Anastasia V. , Ryzhkov Nikolai V. , Kiselev Grigorii , Nikolaeva Valeria , Kiseleva Aleksandra , Mosina Kseniia , Skorb Ekaterina V. , Krivoshapkina Elena F. 
Published: September 2019

AbstractBiodegradable implants are required in order to provide successful treatment of injuries. Temporary magnesium‐based implants with particular properties are needed in cases when it is desirable not only to maintain vital activity, but also to initiate the self‐healing process of damaged bones or tissues as well. Unfortunately, the use of magnesium alloys is limited due to the fast biodegradability of the applied material. The aim of this research is to improve the corrosion resistance of magnesium alloys by sonochemical treatment in silk solution followed by additional layer‐by‐layer deposition of natural silk on the magnesium surface. The sonication process is carried out at a frequency of 20 kHz during 5–10 min, while the duration of the silk layer deposition is 15 min. The corrosion behavior of magnesium substrates modified by natural silk layer‐by‐layer assembly is studied. Magnesium substrates sonochemically treated in silk solution demonstrate three times better corrosion resistance compared to control samples sonochemically treated in water. Additional deposition of a silk layer enhances obtained corrosion resistance by 18 times, resulting in a 54‐fold increase overall.
Efficient glycerol transformation by resting Gluconobacter cells
Authors: Jackson Erienne , Ripoll Magdalena , Betancor Lorena 
Published: September 2019

AbstractIn the present work, glycerol biotransformation using Gluconobacter strains was studied with a process intensification perspective that facilitated the development of a cleaner and more efficient technology from those previously reported. Starting from the industrial by‐product, crude glycerol, resting cells of Gluconobacter frateurii and Gluconobacter oxydans were able to convert glycerol under batch reactor conditions in water with no other additive but for the substrate. The study of strains, biomass:solution ratio, pH, growth stage, and simplification of media composition in crude glycerol bioconversions facilitated productivities of glyceric acid of 0.03 g/L.h and 2.07 g/L.h (71.5 g/g % pure by NMR) of dihydroxyacetone (DHA). Productivities surmounted recent reported fermentative bioconversions of crude glycerol and were unprecedented for the use of cell suspended solely in water. This work proposes a novel approach that allows higher productivities, cleaner production, and reduction in water and energy consumption, and demonstrates the applicability of the proposed approach.
Effects of exogenous glucose on Pseudomonas aeruginosa biofilm formation and antibiotic resistance
Authors: She Pengfei , Wang Yanle , Liu Yiqing , Tan Fang , Chen Lihua , Luo Zhen , Wu Yong 
Published: September 2019

AbstractPseudomonas aeruginosa is commonly found in nosocomial and life‐threatening infections in patients. Biofilms formed by P. aeruginosa exhibit much greater resistance to antibiotics than the planktonic form of the bacteria. Few groups have studied the effects of glucose, a major carbon source, and metabolite, on P. aeruginosa biofilm formation and on its metabolic pathways. In this study, we investigated the effect of glucose on the biofilm formation ability of P. aeruginosa and carried out a metabolomic analysis to identify whether glucose alters the metabolic activity of P. aeruginosa in biofilms. We found that glucose efficiently promoted P. aeruginosa biofilm formation by upregulating the expression of the extracellular polysaccharide‐related gene pslA. Treatment with glucose caused an increase in 7 metabolites (including 3‐hydroxypropionic acid, glucose‐6‐phosphate, and 2,3‐dimethylsuccinic acid) and a decrease in 18 metabolites (including myo‐inositol, glutamine, and methoxamedrine) in the biofilm. In addition, there was a synergistic effect between glucose and horse serum on biofilm formation when the two were added in combination, which also increased the resistance of biofilm to levofloxacin therapy. Thus, our work sheds light on the underlying mechanisms by which glucose may enhance biofilm formation and identifies novel targets for developing strategies to counteract biofilm formation.
Evaluation of the neuromuscular junction in a middle‐aged mouse model of congenital myasthenic syndrome
Authors: Leite Schetino Luana Pereira , de Castro Fonseca Matheus , Magalhães Gomes Matheus Proença Simão , Costa Valadão Priscila Aparecida , de Camargo Wallace Lucio , Rodrigues Hermann Alecsandro , Andrade Jéssica Neves , Arantes‐Costa Fernanda Magalhães , Naves Lígia Araujo , Prado Carla Máximo , Prado Vânia Ferreira , Prado Marco Antônio Máximo , Guatimosim Cristina 
Published: September 2019

AbstractIntroductionReduced expression of the vesicular acetylcholine transporter (VAChT) leads to changes in the distribution and shape of synaptic vesicles (SVs) at neuromuscular junctions (NMJs), suggesting vesicular acetylcholine (ACh) as a key component of synaptic structure and function. It is poorly understood how long‐term changes in cholinergic transmission contribute to age‐ and disease‐related degeneration in the motor system.MethodsIn this study we performed confocal imaging, electrophysiology, electron microscopy, and analyses of respiratory mechanics of the diaphragm NMJ components in 12‐month‐old wild‐type (WT) and VAChTKDHOM mice.ResultsDiaphragms of NMJs of the VAChTKDHOM mice were similar to those in WT mice in number, colocalization, and fragmentation of pre−/postsynaptic components. However, they had increased spontaneous SV exocytosis, miniature endplate potential frequency, and diminished MEPP amplitude. No impairment in respiratory mechanics at rest was observed, probably due to the large neurotransmission safety factor of the diaphragm.DiscussionThe present findings help us to understand the consequences of reduced ACh release at the NMJs during aging.
The social context of substance use among older adults: Implications for nursing practice
Authors: Thandi Manpreet Kaur Gill , Browne Annette J. 
Published: September 2019

AbstractAimThe purposes of this paper are (a) to critically analyse the social context of substance use among older adults and (b) to offer strategies for nurses and other health care providers to support the health of older adults experiencing problematic substance use.DesignDiscussion paper.MethodsThis analysis is informed by two theoretical lenses: an intersectional lens in examining the various factors influencing health and health care access; and a social justice lens, focusing on promoting health equity for older populations.ResultsAs a result of various social and sociopolitical factors, key issues are likely to arise for older adults experiencing problematic substance use including health and social inequities, stigma, and discrimination, all of which can result in serious negative health outcomes. Health care providers can help mitigate these effects by (a) promoting harm reduction principles; (b) participating in social justice actions; and (c) engaging in contextual assessments of substance use.
Acceptability of escitalopram versus duloxetine in outpatients with depression who did not respond to initial second‐generation antidepressants: Study protocol for a randomized, parallel‐group, non‐inferiority trial
Authors: Yokoi Yuma , Nakagawa Atsuo , Yoshimura Naoki , Furukawa Toshiaki A. , Mimura Masaru , Iwanami Akira , Abe Takayuki , Nakagome Kazuyuki 
Published: September 2019

AbstractAimThe purpose of this study is to compare acceptability of two second generation antidepressants for major depressive disorder patients who have not responded to the first antidepressant for current episode. We will investigate the treatment discontinuation rate and treatment adherence as well as incidence of adverse events in order to evaluate safety.MethodsThis is a two‐arm, three‐phased randomized controlled trial in which independent assessors will be blinded while treating psychiatrists and patients remain unblinded to treatment allocation. Patients will be randomized to escitalopram or duloxetine in Step 1 (8 weeks), and when entering Step 2 (8 weeks), the drug will be switched to the other if the first one is not effective at the end of Step 1. The acceptability of the allocated drugs, improvements in depression from baseline, adverse events, and attrition rates will be recorded and assessed for up to 52 weeks, including the follow‐up step.ResultsIt is going to be disseminated via our following reports or presentations.ConclusionsThis study will provide valuable information for clinicians who encounter patients who failed to respond to their first treatment.
Macrophage‐Derived microRNA‐155 Increases in Obesity and Influences Adipocyte Metabolism by Targeting Peroxisome Proliferator‐Activated Receptor Gamma
Authors: Tryggestad Jeanie B. , Teague April M. , Sparling David P. , Jiang Shaoning , Chernausek Steven D. 
Published: September 2019

ObjectiveThis study aimed to investigate cellular sources of microRNAs (miRNA) within adipose tissue and the impact of obesity on miRNA expression, as well as to examine targets of miRNAs.MethodsmiRNA expression by quantitative polymerase chain reaction was examined in adipocytes, adipose tissue macrophages (ATM), and peripheral blood mononuclear cells from and individuals with normal weight and with obesity. Differentiated 3T3‐L1 adipocytes were cocultured with macrophages, and 3T3‐L1 and differentiated human mesenchymal stem cells were transfected with miR‐155, with peroxisome proliferator‐activated receptor gamma (PPAR‐γ) and solute carrier family 2 member 4 (GLUT4) abundance measured via Western blot analysis.ResultsAbundance of miR‐155 and miR‐210 was increased in ATM of participants with obesity by 6.7‐fold and 2.9‐fold (P = 0.002 and P = 0.013, respectively). miR‐130b expression was increased 1.8‐fold in ATM and 4.3‐fold in adipocytes from participants with obesity (P = 0.007 and P = 0.02, respectively). PPARG mRNA expression decreased 32% (P = 0.044) in adipocytes from individuals with obesity. In 3T3‐L1 cells exposed to macrophages, PPARG expression decreased 99.4% (P = 0.02). PPAR‐γ protein content declined 75% (P = 0.001) in 3T3‐L1 cells transfected with miR‐155. GLUT4 protein levels were reduced by 55% (P = 0.021) in differentiated human mesenchymal stem cells exposed to miR‐155.ConclusionsAdipose tissue miRNAs are influenced in a cell type–specific fashion by obesity, with macrophage miR‐155 potentially impacting neighboring adipocytes.
Proteomics Analysis Identifies IRSp53 and Fascin as Critical for PRV Egress and Direct Cell–Cell Transmission
Authors: Yu Fei‐Long , Miao Huan , Xia Jinjin , Jia Fan , Wang Huadong , Xu Fuqiang , Guo Lin 
Published: September 2019

AbstractPseudorabies virus (PRV) has been widely used as a live trans‐synaptic tracer for mapping neuronal circuits. Systematically identifying mature PRV virion proteomes and defining co‐purified host proteins are necessary to fully understand the detailed mechanism underlying PRV transmission processes. Here, a PRV virion purification strategy based on sorting with flow cytometry is developed and the mature extracellular and intracellular PRV virion proteomes using LC coupled with MS/MS are characterized. In addition to viral proteins, a large number of host proteins are also identified, including proteins related to actin cytoskeletal dynamics and membrane protrusion. How many of these host proteins are true virion components are unknown and the majority of these may not be. Through functional analysis, it is found that IRSp53 and fascin are critical for the egress process and play a role in direct cell–cell transmission. Moreover, it is shown that CDC42 and Rac1 are also involved in the production of mature extracellular virions. The results suggest that the formation of the filopodia‐like cytoskeleton and the rearrangement of the membrane, which are both associated with IRSp53 and fascin, may be important for the transmission of viruses used in neuronal tracing.
Cyclonona‐3,5,7‐trienylidene and its Si, Ge, Sn, and Pb analogs versus their α‐halogenated derivatives at B3LYP and MP2 methods
Authors: Koohi Maryam 
Published: September 2019

AbstractFive sets of group 14 sextet cyclic unsaturated divalent species including carbenes (1X), silylenes (2X), germylenes (3X), stannylenes (4X), and plumbylenes (5X) are compared and contrasted at B3LYP/AUG‐cc‐pVTZ//B3LYP/6‐311 + G* and MP2/AUG‐cc‐pVTZ//MP2/6‐311 + G* levels of theory, where X = H, F, Cl, and Br. The scrutinized carbenes consisting of cyclonona‐3,5,7‐trienylidene (1H) and its 2,2,9,9‐tetrahalo derivatives (1Cl, 1Br) appear as boat shaped minima except for 1H which turns out as a boat shaped transition state for having a negative force constant. All of carbenes (1H, 1Cl, and 1Br) have triplet ground states except for 1F. In contrast, all of the corresponding 2X‐ 5X metallylenes appear as singlet boat shaped minima on their potential energy surfaces. Stability (estimated by ΔEs‐t, ie, energy gap between singlet [s] and triplet states) appear as a function of size and decreases by going down in group 14 column: 5X > 4X > 3X > 2X > 1X. Exclusive of carbene set, within other four sets stability decreases by going down in group 17 column: Br > Cl > F > H. Hence, singlet 2,2,9,9‐tetrabromocyclonona‐3,5,7‐trienplumbylene, 5Br, appears as the most stable sextet divalent with no tendency for dimerization. Comparison is extended to the structural parameters, band gap, nucleophilicity, electrophilicity, isodesmic reactions, and dimerization.