bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Distinct lipid mediator pathways contribute to neuroinflammation in the temporal and occipital cortex of Alzheimer’s disease subjects
Authors: Vacondio Davide , Coenen Loet , Lygeroudi Anita , Konings Julia , Chornyi Serhii , Franßen Marc , Severin Maureen , Hof Bert van het , Karsten Manon , Pol Susanne M.A van der , Kok Nine , Fung Wing Ka , Blomberg Niek , Middeldorp Jinte , Mulder Inge A. , Rozemuller Annemieke J. , Giera Martin , Kooij Gijs , de Vries Helga E. , de Wit Nienke M. 
Published: December 2024

Abstract

Bioactive lipid mediators (LMs) have been implicated in Alzheimer’s disease (AD), but their involvement in disease pathogenesis is poorly understood. Using targeted liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry on human AD and non-neurological control brain tissue, we identified a differential activation of arachidonic acid (AA) metabolism in the occipital and temporal cortex of AD subjects. The cyclooxygenase (COX)-1/2 pathway was activated in the occipital cortex and associated with increased expression of neuronal COX-2. Contrarily, in the temporal cortex the lipoxygenases (LOX) pathways, mainly 5-LOX, were activated. Association analysis revealed a positive correlation between 5-LOX-derived LMs and microglia activation. In line, the expression of 5-LOX and its activating protein (FLAP) was increased in disease-associated microglia near amyloid plaques in AD brains. We propose that the latter process is partially mediated by transforming growth factor-β1 and can be abrogated by FLAP inhibition. Our results indicate a differential response in AD brains associated with an AA-derived LM profile, driven by distinct LM biosynthetic pathways. These findings advance our understanding of the role of LMs in the pathophysiology of AD and provide new therapeutic targets to combat disease progression.
Part Fingerprinting Based Productivity Monitoring of CNC Machines with Low-Cost Current Sensors
Authors: Saha Ajanta , Airehenbuwa Blessing , Jahangir Jabir , Ndoye Mandoye , Akasheh Firas , Kim Eunseob , Fiock Ted , Meter Zachary Van , Alam Muhammad A , Shakouri Ali 
Published: December 2024

Abstract

Digital transformation of manufacturing industry, Smart Manufacturing, leverages continuous measurement of machines on the shop floor to make effective decisions and improve productivity metrics such as machine uptime (MMU) and overall equipment efficiency (OEE). However, despite the declining sensor cost, the initial financial and technological skill requirements of digital transformation pose significant barriers for the overwhelming majority (90%) of the manufacturers who are classed as small and medium enterprises (SMEs). To lower this barrier, here we demonstrate an inexpensive (~$40 per machine), data-efficient solution that extracts part-level productivity metrics of a CNC machine from its total current consumption alone. We introduce the concept of a part’s “fingerprint” and develop a set of methods that allows one to extract the fingerprints and utilize them to monitor each individual manufactured part and their cycle times. Testing on actual production data of over three months in a part-counting task, the algorithms show a good match (96.2% overall accuracy) with manually logged production data is achieved. The presented fingerprint framework is general: it can be extended to multi-sensors, and multi-modal analytics. We expect that such a simple, yet cost-effective, solution will be accessible for a wide range of discrete manufacturers, facilitating the beginning of their digital transformation journey.
Incidence and risk factors of early-onset neonatal infections in Butembo: case of Katwa Health Zone from January 2020 to December 2022
Authors: Muyisa Roland , Saasita Apollinaire , Kaghoma Benjamin , Tayivweka Jean-Marie , Mughania Thomas , Kaliremwira Roger , Ngike Emmanuel , Vahamwiti Proserpine , Sabuni Louis 
Published: December 2024

Abstract

Background
Early-onset neonatal infections (EONIs) are those infections diagnosed in newborns aged 0 to 3 days or 4 days and constitute a public health problem in both industrialized and developing countries. The objective of this study was to determine the incidence and identify the risk factors of EONIs in the health facilities of the Katwa Health Zone.
Methods
it was longitudinal and descriptive of the incidence of hospital-based EONIs from January 1, 2020 to December 31, 2022, in four health facilities of the Katwa Health Zone: Matanda, Wahamahika, and Sainte Famille Hospitals, and the Katwa General Referral Hospital. All newborns aged 0 to 3 days, found in the maternity ward and/or the neonatology department and whose sheets contained the study parameters, were included. The following variables were analyzed: Newborn risk factors (gestational age, sex, weight, history) and mother (mother's age, origin, marital status, occupation). The statistical analysis was performed by Epi-INFO version 7.
Results
The incidence of intra-hospital EONIs was 3.54%. The risk factors related to the newborn are: gestational age inferior to 37 weeks (OR = 2.84; EFs = 64.79%), weight inferior to 2000g (OR = 4.99; EFs = 79.96%), history of a premature rupture of membranes (OR: 9.53; EFs = 89.91%), maternal fever (OR = 6, 82; Fes = 85.34%), lower than 4 prenatal consultations (OR = 2.28, EF = 56.14%), A score of APGAR inferior to 8 (OR = 3.14; EF = 68.13%) and meconium amniotic fluid (OR = 2.74; EFs = 63.50%). The mother's age ≤ 18 exposes the proportion of 55.56% to the risk of maternal-fetal infection at 2.25 times.
Conclusion
Refocused ANC would be of great importance to limit the risks of maternal-fetal infection, a public health challenge.
Shift photocurrent vortices from topological polarization textures
Authors: Slager Robert-Jan , Agarwal Aneesh , Jankowski Wojciech , Bennett Daniel 
Published: December 2024

Abstract

Following the recent interest in van der Waals (vdW) ferroelectrics, topologically nontrivial polar structures have been predicted to form in twisted bilayers.
Due to the unconventional nature of vdW ferroelectricity, these topological polar structures have proven difficult to observe experimentally.
Here we propose that these textures may be probed optically by showing that topological polarization textures result in exotic nonlinear optical responses.
We derive this relationship analytically using non-Abelian Berry connections and a quantum-geometric framework, supported by tight-binding and first-principles calculations.
For the case of moir\'e materials without centrosymmetry, which form networks of polar merons and antimerons, the shift photoconductivity forms a vortex-like structure in real space.
For a range of frequencies where transitions occur at the Brillouin zone edge, the shift photocurrents are anti-parallel to the in-plane electronic polarization field.
Our findings highlight the interplay between complex polarization textures and nonlinear optical responses in vdW materials and provide a sought-after strategy for the experimental detection of topological polarization structures.
Economic Feasibility of a Wetland Certification Program in the Canadian Prairies
Authors: Ofori Valentina , Lloyd-Smith Patrick , Boxall Peter , Belcher Ken 
Published: December 2024

Abstract

This paper assesses the economic feasibility of a novel market-based instrument for wetland conservation – a certification scheme for agricultural products. Using a stated preference survey involving wheat flour purchase decisions, we estimate that consumers are willing to pay 25%-29% more for wheat flour produced on fields with restored wetlands. These consumer price premiums translate to a 11%-12% increase in the prices received by producers after accounting for supply chain costs. Producer benefits of adopting the wetland certification scheme generally outweigh the wetland restoration costs for a typical Saskatchewan field, but the change in profits is minimal. The results suggest that this voluntary wetland certification scheme can be a useful addition to the wetland conservation policy toolbox, but may also face barriers to producer adoption.
Insecticide susceptibility status of Anopheles stephensi against novel insecticides in Eastern Ethiopia
Authors: Abiy Ephrem , Degefa Teshome , Balkew Meshesha , Merga Hailu , Alemayehu Eshetu , Mitiku Anteneh , Lee Ming-Chieh , Yan Guyin , Yewhalaw Delenasaw 
Published: December 2024

Abstract

Background:Anopheles stephensi was known to be local malaria vector in South East Asia but recently found expanding to the horn of Africa including urban areas of Ethiopia. Recent studies indicated that An. stephensi have high level of insecticide resistance to pyrethroid (Deltamethrin, permethrin and alpha-cypermethrin), Carbamates (Bendiocarb and Propoxur) and organophosphates (pirimiphos-methyl). The aim, of this study was to evaluate the susceptibility of An. stephensi from Diredawa against broflanilide, chlorfenapyr, clothianidin and pyriproxyfen.
Methods: A standard diagnostic doses of broflanilide, chlorfenapyr, clothianidin and pyriproxyfen were tested, using the revised WHO bottle bioassay test protocol, against wild adult An. stephensireared from larval collections from urban artificial larval habitats in Dire Dawa.
Results: The 60 minutes knock down result indicated 85%, 76% and 14% against brofilanilide, clothianidin and clorfenapyr respectively. No KD was observed in controls and PPF. Complete mortality of An.stephensi at 24 hours was observed against broflanilide (9ug/bottle) and clothiandin (10ug/bottle). Also 66% mortality at 24 h and 100% mortality at 48 h post exposure against clorfenapyr (100ug/bottle) were observed. In case of PPF (100ug/bottle) , no mortality at 24 h, 11% at 48 h. and 15% at 72 h were recorded and no mortality in all controls.
In addition, 100% of oviposition were observed in controls and no oviposition were observed in PPF exposed mosquitoes. These results suggest that all three types of insecticides namely: Broflanilide, Chlorfenapyr and Clothianidin showed higher mortality than pyriproxyfen.
Conclusion: Full susceptibility to the three novel insecticides were observed and full oviposition inhibition were observed in wild reared larvae An. stephensi exposed to PPF. Therefore, this study recommends using these novel insecticides to control An. stephensi in Ethiopia.
#46 – Medien.Pädagogik und Rassismus.Kritik Teil 5
Authors: Merz Redaktion , Kunis Diana-Sandrine 
Published: December 2024

Wir starten mit einer tollen Folge ins neue Jahr! Als Abschluss unserer Reihe ,Medien.Pädagogik und Rassismus.Kritik' begrüßen wir Diana-Sandrine Kunis, die das ,Social Justice Institut' in München gegründet hat. Sandrine spricht darüber, warum Diversity radikal gedacht und umgesetzt werden muss und warum sie immer im Zusammenhang mit Sozialer Gerechtigkeit steht.
Social Justice Institut München
68 Trainingskarten Social Justice und Diversity
Evaluation of the effects of climatic variabilities on future hydrological scenarios: application to a coastal basin in Central Chile
Authors: Cortés Gonzalez Alejandra Camila , Alcayaga Hernán , Escanilla-Minchel Rossana , Aguayo Mauricio , Aguayo Miguel , Orellana Camila 
Published: December 2024

ABSTRACT
Evaluating the impacts of climate change on coastal basins with a Mediterranean climate represents a significant challenge concerning water security. Consequently, an assessment was conducted on the effects of climate change on hydrological components in a basin within the Coastal Mountain Range of Central Chile. The hydrological model SWAT+ was used, forced by two Shared Socioeconomic Pathways (SSP2-4.5 and SSP5-8.5), incorporating a downscaling process and analyzing both extreme and non-extreme events. Climate projections were made for the following three periods: near (2015–2030), middle (2015–2060), and distant (2015–2100) future. Results indicate a consistent rise in average temperatures across all periods, coupled with decreased precipitation for most of the year. Particularly in the distant future, austral summer stands out as the most impacted season, with projections showing a substantial decrease in precipitation (27 and 54% for SSP2-4.5 and SSP5-8.5, respectively), accompanied by significant increases in both maximum and minimum temperatures. Moreover, the streamflow is anticipated to decline considerably in the austral autumn (−8 and −83% for SSP2-4.5 and SSP5-8.5, respectively). Additionally, as consequences of climate change an increase in droughts (during the dry season) and flooding problems (during the wet season) are expected in the basin, increasing the risk for both extremes.
Study on the ecosystem service value and inter-basin ecological compensation between provinces in China
Authors: Zhao Gaolei , Tian Shimin , Chen Rongxu , Cao Yongtao , Chang Jingyi , Wang Wanwan , Zhang Yang , Wang Xin 
Published: December 2024

ABSTRACT

Land-use/land-cover change (LUCC) in China's seven major basins (SMBs) had a significant impact on the ecosystems, resulting in increasingly prominent contradictions between ecological protection and economic benefits in provinces located upstream and downstream. Therefore, it is urgent to establish inter-basin ecological compensation (EC) mechanisms between provinces in the SMB. Based on five periods of LUCC from 1980 to 2020, the equivalent factor method was applied to evaluate the ecosystem service value (ESV) of the LUCC, and ecological compensation priority sequence (ECPS), horizontal EC (HEC), and vertical EC (VEC) were determined. We found that: (1) The total ESV fell from 11,522 billion yuan (BY) in 1980 to 11,375 BY in 2020. (2) The elasticity index indicated that 1% of LUCC in the SMB resulted in a change of 0.34% in ESV. (3) The province with the highest ECPS was Xizang, with higher ECPS in the SMB southwest and northeast regions. (4) The total VEC was 357.5 BY, with Songhua River Basin and Inner Mongolia having the highest VEC of 134.13 and 97.13 BY, respectively. (5) The total HEC was 103.78 BY. The maximum HEC in the Songhua River Basin was 31.12 BY. Heilongjiang undertook the highest HEC, 31.09 BY.
Enhancing Renal Autophagy via Yangshen Paidu Decoction:
AMPK/mTOR Pathway Modulation in Chronic Renal Failure Management
Authors: Tang Hao , Tao Qi , Li Yifan , Bai Xiaohui , Lv Dan , Wang Fang , Pan Ronghua , Zhao Yanmei 
Published: December 2024

Objective:
Chronic Renal Failure (CRF) refers to the gradual decline in renal function
caused by various chronic kidney diseases, eventually leading to end-stage renal failure. Yangshen
Paidu Decoction (YPD) is a Traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) formula utilized in CRF treatment.
This work has analyzed the effects of YPD on CRF and the specific mechanism.

Methods:
Network pharmacology was performed to screen effective components and targets of
YPD, from which key targets and signaling pathways contributing the most to the treatment effects
on CRF were determined. Subsequently, we validated the therapeutic role of YPD and the underlying
pathological mechanisms using the 5/6-nephrectomy rat model.

Results:
Network pharmacology analysis showed the mTOR pathway to be a pivotal mechanism
underlying the effectiveness of YPD in CRF treatment. YPD significantly suppressed urine protein
levels, blood urea nitrogen, and serum creatinine in 5/6 nephrectomized rats. Furthermore, YPD remarkably
improved renal pathological injuries. Western blot analysis revealed that YPD enhanced
autophagy and upregulated the expression of nephrin, podocin, beclin1, p-AMPK/AMPK, and p-
ULK1/ULK1, and attenuated the ratios of p-mTOR/mTOR to its downstream protein phosphorylated
eIF4E-binding protein (p-4EBP1). However, these effects were notably reversed by the AMPK inhibitor
compound C.

Conclusion:
Our findings have demonstrated YPD to suppress the mTOR pathway and stimulate
autophagy by modulating AMPK pathways, thereby mitigating podocyte injury and enhancing renal
function. Our study has confirmed autophagy and the AMPK/mTOR pathway as potential targets for
YPD in CRF treatment.
Diabetes Mellitus: Exploring Biomarkers, Complications, and Therapeutic Strategies with a Spotlight on Cyanobacterial Bioactive Compounds - A
Comprehensive Review
Authors: Ahmad Suhail , Akhtar Salman , Kamal Mohammad Amjad , Farooqui Alvina 
Published: December 2024

Abstract:
Diabetes, regarded as a prevalent metabolic disorder with multifactorial origins, contributes
to a myriad of global complications. These cumulate an elevated susceptibility to kidney
failure, nerve impairment, blindness, atherosclerosis, heart ailments, and even strokes. Recent
investigations underscore the diverse roles of associated biomarkers in diabetes progression.
Among these are biomarkers for diabetes mellitus such as DPP-4, PPAR-ϒ, SGLT-2, α-amylase,
and α-glucosidase, which are linked to the onset of diabetes and its related problems. As a result
of undesirable adverse consequences linked to extant synthetic antidiabetic medications, research
attention is increasingly directed towards formulating natural antidiabetic drugs, aiming for enhanced
efficacy and reduced complications. Cyanobacteria stand out as a pivotal repository of
natural bioactive metabolites extensively harnessed for pharmaceutical and nutraceutical development.
The potent bioactive compounds sourced from cyanobacteria hold substantial promise,
kindling high expectations in scientific research and presenting vast prospects for drug discovery
and advancement. Some of these bioactive compounds have demonstrated impressive effectiveness,
displaying successful applications across various phases of clinical trials. This review
strives to provide a more precise understanding of diabetes mellitus, encompassing its clinical
manifestation, epidemiological data, complications, and prevailing treatment modalities. The objective
of this review is to contribute researchers and readers an enhanced and accurate understanding
of diabetes mellitus by covering its clinical manifestation, epidemiological evidence,
difficulties, and prevailing therapeutics possibilities.
A Cross-sectional Study on Utilization of Herbal Medications for Anxiety in the Lebanese Population: Usage Patterns and Implications for Harmonizing Mental Health
Authors: Assi Mohammad , Nasser Sahar , Almoussawi Rasha , Hamed Faten , Boukhary Rima , Wattar Jana 
Published: December 2024

Background
Anxiety is a highly prevalent mental health issue worldwide, but it is also notably prevalent in Lebanon, where herbal medications and plants are commonly used as complementary or alternative treatments to manage anxiety. Lebanese citizens have undergone various disasters, starting with the economic crisis in 2019, the Beirut port explosion in 2020, and the COVID-19 pandemic, which led to several mental disorders such as anxiety, unipolar depression, and insomnia.

Objective
This study aimed to measure the prevalence and patterns of herbal medications and plant usage for anxiety among the Lebanese population, as well as to explore the factors influencing the decision to use herbal remedies, patient perspectives, and potential implications for mental health support.

Methods
A cross-sectional study was conducted to assess the prevalence of anxiety and the usage of herbal medications and plants among 501 Lebanese outpatients (General Population) aged 20 years and older at Lebanese community pharmacies within Beirut, Mount Lebanon, South, North, Beqaa. Data was collected through personal face-to-face and online structured interviews and surveys, capturing information on herbal medications and plants usage, sources of recommendations, patient perspectives, and perceived efficacy and safety of herbal medications and plants for anxiety.

Results
The study revealed that anxiety was a prevalent medical condition among Lebanese outpatients, with more than 50% reporting anxiety through various symptoms. Furthermore, 27.34% of Lebanese patients had consumed herbal medications, with a notable proportion advising others to use herbal remedies for anxiety. The sources of recommendations for herbal medication usage included mass media, pharmacists, and personal reading/internet. Additionally, a considerable percentage of patients expressed beliefs in the effectiveness and safety of herbal remedies for anxiety while also indicating a lack of awareness regarding potential side effects.

Conclusion
The findings of this study underscore the need for increased awareness, education, and regulatory oversight in Lebanese pharmacists regarding anxiety management using herbal medications and plant-based treatments. This includes public education campaigns, healthcare provider training, and regulatory oversight. Prioritizing patient counseling and further research is essential to assess the efficacy and safety of these treatments within the Lebanese context. This integrative approach, blending traditional practices with evidence-based mental health care, could drive policy changes and improve mental health outcomes in Lebanon.
The Impact of the COVID-19 Pandemic on Lifestyle Behaviors among School Children in Morocco
Authors: Lahyani Youssef , Adarmouch Latifa , Sebbani Majda , El Mouaddib Hicham , Amine Mohamed 
Published: December 2024

Introduction
Usually, active children were the first to be affected during the COVID-19 pandemic. This study aimed to describe and assess the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on the lifestyle behaviors of schoolchildren in Marrakech, Morocco.

Methods
Parents of children from three private voluntary primary schools were asked to complete an online questionnaire. Diet, physical activity, and sleep information were collected from May 11 to June 04, 2020. Changes in lifestyle before and during the COVID-19 pandemic were assessed and analyzed.

Results
There were 124 participants. There were 54% males, the average age was 9.77 ± 1.96 years, and the average BMI was 20.46 ± 6.32 kg. During the COVID-19 pandemic, the following behavioral trends were reported: an increase in the consumption of sugary drinks (53.2%), an increase in the consumption of sweets and chips (50%) (Control no variation of 27.4% and a decrease of 22.5%), increased sedentary time (TV/mobile: 52.4%; video games: 54%), decreased quality of sleep (51.6%) and increased physical game activity (54%).

Conclusion
When encouraging pandemic measures to address COVID-19, it is crucial to consider the invisible effects of these restrictions on the health of childern and to plan for parallel actions to maintain healthy lifestyles and prevent possible impacts on the level of overweight in this vulnerable population.