bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Sense of Community and Migration Intentions among Rural Young Professionals
Authors: Wolfe Anna Wiederhold , Black Laura W. , Welser Howard T. 
Published: June 2019

AbstractThis mixed‐methods study examines rural young professionals' migratory intentions in relation to sense of community. The most significant difference we found in migratory intentions was between two groups, which we call stayers and seekers. Both groups highly valued sense of community but they reported dramatically different experiences related to the dimensions of membership and emotional connection to the particular focal community of this study. We find that, in addition to commonly cited factors of age, importance of family, traditional cultural tastes, and achieved sense of community, the experience of disconnection between desired and experienced sense of community represents a distinct influence on respondents' intentions to leave within the next 5 years. The qualitative data suggest that the practices of granting greater access to local stocks of knowledge, offering direct invitations to participate in community life, and providing greater responsibilities in the service of the community cultivate emotional connection and sense of membership, and therefore may be critical to better retaining those people who feel the greatest sense of disconnection. This study examines the dynamics underlying these results and outlines practical implications for other communities hoping to combat local manifestations of brain drain.
Making Partner*
Authors: Loss Frédéric , Renucci Antoine 
Published: June 2019

AbstractAssociates need reputation and financial resources to make partner at law firms, consultancies, and venture capital organizations. We provide a theory for how this prospect influences the business risk strategy they pursue and their execution effort. In our model, business risk affects how reputation evolves and the benchmark reputation for making partner through the impact of execution effort on the financial resources accumulated. We show that when business risk is observable, associates with good reputation take on high business risk, as opposed to low business risk, in order to protect their reputation. We also show that opening partner positions decreases the effort incentives of the associates with the best reputation. Finally, we conjecture that wage dispersion at the associate level should be higher when business risk is unobservable.
Suicide in Canadian veterans living in Ontario: a retrospective cohort study linking routinely collected data
Authors: Mahar Alyson L , Aiken Alice B , Whitehead Marlo , Tien Homer , Cramm Heidi , Fear Nicola T , Kurdyak Paul 
Published: June 2019

ObjectivesTo compare the risk of death by suicide in male veterans with age-matched civilians.DesignRetrospective cohort study linking provincial administrative databases between 1990 and 2013 with follow-up complete until death or December 31, 2015.SettingPopulation-based study in Ontario, Canada.ParticipantsEx-serving Canadian Armed Forces and Royal Canadian Mounted Police veterans living in Ontario who registered for provincial health insurance were included. A civilian comparator group was matched 4:1 on age and sex.Main outcomeDeath by suicide was classified using standard cause of death diagnosis codes from a provincial registry of mandatory data collected from death certificates. Fine and Gray sub-distribution hazards regression compared the risk of death by suicide between veterans and civilians. Analyses were adjusted for age, residential region, income, rurality and major physical comorbidities.Results20 397 male veterans released to Ontario between 1990 and 2013 and 81 559 age–sex matched civilians were included. 4.2% of veterans died during the study time frame, compared with 6.5% of the civilian cohort. Death by suicide was rare in both cohorts, accounting for 4.6% and 3.6% of veteran and civilian deaths, respectively. After adjustment for confounders, veterans had an 18% lower risk of dying from causes other than suicide (HR 0.82, 95% CI 0.76 to 0.89) and a similar risk of dying by suicide (HR 1.01, 95% CI 0.71 to 1.43), compared with civilians.ConclusionsDeaths by suicide were rare in male veterans residing in Ontario. Our findings demonstrate that veterans had a similar risk of suicide-related mortality as an age-matched civilian population. A better understanding of effective suicide prevention as well as clarifying pathways to seeking and receiving mental health supports and services are important areas for future consideration.
Recurrent maternal CMV infection associated with symptomatic congenital infection: results from a questionnaire study in Portugal
Authors: Paixão Paulo , Brito Maria João , Virella Daniel , Neto Maria Teresa 
Published: June 2019

ObjectiveHuman cytomegalovirus (CMV) is the most widespread agent of congenital infection in humans and is still a challenging issue. Despite lower rates of vertical transmission being associated with recurrent infection when compared with primary infection, the first still represents the majority of congenital infections worldwide. Based on data from active reporting, we explored the influence of maternal primary/non-primary infection both on the presentation and outcome of congenital CMV infection in early childhood.DesignInfants with positive viruria during the first 3 weeks of life were reported through the Portuguese Paediatric Surveillance Unit.PatientsInfants born between 2006 and 2011 with confirmed congenital CMV infection.MethodsMaternal infection was considered primary if CMV IgG seroconversion occurred during pregnancy or low avidity IgG was documented; it was considered non-primary if positive IgG was documented before pregnancy or high avidity CMV IgG was present early in pregnancy. Follow-up questionnaires were sent up to 6 years of age.ResultsForty confirmed cases of congenital CMV infection were reported (6.6:105live births, 95% CI 4.81 to 8.92); 22 out of 40 were asymptomatic. The odds for non-primary maternal infection if the offspring was symptomatic at birth were 6.2 (95% CI 1.2 to 32.27).ConclusionThe reported number of confirmed cases of congenital CMV infection was much lower than expected. Under-reporting and missed diagnosis were considered possible reasons. Non-primary maternal infections were associated with symptomatic congenital CMV infection in the offspring. Maternal recurrent infections can have a significant impact on the total number of symptomatic infections in Portugal.
Fuzzy-Ant Colony based Routing on Road Networks
Authors: Saravanan S. , Jayanthiladevi A. , Geetha M. 
Published: June 2019

Route selection is essential in everyday life. We have several algorithms for detecting efficient route on Large Road Networks. This paper introduces the hierarchical community, is presented. It splits large road networks into hierarchical structure. It introduces a multi parameter route selection system which employs Fuzzy Logic (FL) and ant’s behavior in nature is applied to the dynamic routing. The important rates of parameters such as path length and traffic are adjustable by the user. The purposes of the new hierarchical routing algorithm significantly reduce the search space. We develop a community-based hierarchical graph model that supports Dynamic, efficient route computation on large road networks.
Notice of Retraction Performace Analysis of WiMAX Traffic Based on WiMAX Traffic Parameters
Authors: Mahjabeen D. , Rashid M. A. , Mohamed S. B. 
Published: June 2019

Notice of Retraction-----------------------------------------------------------------------After careful and considered review of the content of this paper by a duly constituted expert committee, this paper has been found to be in violation of APTIKOM's Publication Principles.We hereby retract the content of this paper. Reasonable effort should be made to remove all past references to this paper.The presenting author of this paper has the option to appeal this decision by contacting ij.aptikom@gmail.com.----------------------------------------------------------------------- WiMAX is a broadband wireless technology for high speed direct access to internet. This broadband technology offers a rich set of features like better coverage area, bandwidth, flexibilities and many other new applications than contemporary wireless technologies. Here traffic engineering becomes a great issue for the better performance of WiMAX technology. This paper mainly focuses on traffic analysis of WiMAX. Based on different WiMAX traffic parameters, traffic analysis of WiMAX is performed depending on data, graph for various conditions in real world application like Bangladesh. Comparative analysis with other countries of the world for the same WiMAX provider is also presented to give a clear picture of traffic flow in a WiMAX network in Bangladesh. From the discussion, it is found that performance of WiMAX in our country is up to satisfaction and proves itself as a better competent. Some suggestions are also mentioned to make it more effective and best candidate to offer better throughput broadband wireless connectivity at a much lower cost with the help of existing architecture and available resources.
Assessment of FOG and Rain Induced-Attenuation on Terrestrial FSO Links
Authors: , M. O. Ajewole , , P. A. Owolawi , , R. M. Adetunji 
Published: June 2019

Notice of Retraction-----------------------------------------------------------------------After careful and considered review of the content of this paper by a duly constituted expert committee, this paper has been found to be in violation of APTIKOM's Publication Principles.We hereby retract the content of this paper. Reasonable effort should be made to remove all past references to this paper.The presenting author of this paper has the option to appeal this decision by contacting ij.aptikom@gmail.com.----------------------------------------------------------------------- Launching into the next generation of wireless communication network (5G network) requires secure high data rate, high speed and huge bandwidth links. With the tremendous increase in broadband users, the existing communication systems such as radio frequency (RF) and microwave links cannot meet up with the challenges due to their link interference and low bandwidth. A current technology that promises such requirements and more is Free Space Optical (FSO) communication. The FSO basically involves the transmission of signal-modulated optical radiation from a transmitter to a receiver through the atmosphere or outer space. It is designed to complement the traditional fibre optical communication links. However, location-variant atmospheric channel degrades the quality and performance of an FSO system under severe atmospheric conditions. This paper attempts to assess both fog- and rain-induced attenuation on the performance of FSO link in a terrestrial terrain using measured visibility and rain rate data at Akure, Nigeria. 5-year (2012-2016) archived visibility data and measured rain rate data of 1-minute integration time obtained from Nigerian Meteorological Agency (NIMET) and the Department of Physics, Federal University of Technology, Akure respectively, were used to compute the fog- and rain-induced specific attenuations using Kruse and Carboneur models. The performance of the FSO system was analyzed through link margin by using the parameters of a commercial optical transceiver, Terescope 5000. Findings from this work will be useful for FSO system design in the area.
WORKSHOP INTERNACIONAL: SUSTENTABILIDADE URBANA + RESILIÊNCIA EM WASHINGTON DC
Authors: Freitas Juliana Maria de Souza , Leite Laís Padilha , Franco Maria de Assunção Ribeiro 
Published: June 2019

O Workshop Internacional: Urban Sustainability + Resilience in Washington DC (Sustentabilidade Urbana + Resiliência em Washington DC) aconteceu no dia 05 de dezembro de 2018 na Faculdade de Arquitetura e Urbanismo da Universidade de São Paulo – FAUUSP - e teve como principal objetivo oferecer aos alunos da Pós-graduação do Programa de Arquitetura e Urbanismo novas abordagens ligadas à temática da infraestrutura verde e da resiliência urbana através de um estudo de caso: a Praça do Relógio, situada na Cidade Universitária.
O evento, proposto como parte das atividades relacionadas ao LABVERDE[1], contou com a participação do Professor Dr. Dwane Jones da University of the District of Columbia (Universidade do Distrito de Columbia) em Washington DC, onde atua como diretor do Center for Sustainable Development & Resilience (Centro para Desenvolvimento Sustentável & Resiliência), dos professores Drª Maria de Assunção Ribeiro Franco e Dr. Paulo Renato Mesquita Pellegrino, ambos da FAUUSP, e de estudantes de pós-graduação de ambas universidades.

[1] O Laboratório Verde, LABVERDE, está atualmente sob a coordenação e organização da Professora Drª Maria Franco e vice coordenação do Professor Dr. Paulo Pellegrino
The European Union in the Mediterranean Sea: Navigating the Political-Legal Shallows
Authors: Ollick Stephan F.H. 
Published: June 2019

The Mediterranean Sea has long been an important and perilous route for international migrants from the coast of North Africa to the European Union (EU). Manygrants and refugees travelling on overcrowded and unseaworthy dinghies do not survive the crossing. Rising numbers of fatalities put pressure on the EU to address the Mediterranean tragedy with renewed urgency. Frontex Operation Triton (2014–) and the naval mission eunavfor med Operation SOPHIA (2015–) were launched to survey and influence migratory flows. Although thousands of migrants and refugees have thus been delivered from distress at sea, casualty rates remain staggeringly high.
Some commentators and organizations have dismissed Frontex and eunavfor med Operation SOPHIA as vehicles of an isolationist political agenda. This overlooks the narrow legal, political and practical confines within which these initiatives operate. Frontex and eunavfor med Operation SOPHIA seek to attain a level of control necessary for the delayed implementation of more ambitious and forward-looking schemes. The unsophisticated, temporary nature of the regime complex currently governing the EU’s activities in the Mediterranean Sea manifests in ambiguous language, in frequent and disparate amendments, and in the brevity of the mandates thus dispensed.
A Comparison of the “Penal Code” in the Damascus Document and in the Serekh ha-Yaḥad from a Literary Perspective
Authors: Beyerle Stefan , Ruwe Andreas 
Published: June 2019

Abstract
In contrast to the so-called Penal Code in 1QS, the Penal Code in the Damascus Document (D) is very fragmentary. Only a few sentences at its beginning are attested. Furthermore, the Penal Code of 4Q265 is more like the Penal Code in 1QS than the version D (CD and 4QD frags). Nevertheless, all three literary works were written in a complex interdependency. The goal of this article is to focus on a comparison between the passages in 1QS and D and present a detailed structural analyses of each version, leading to a synthesis with the aim of answering the question as to which version of the Penal Code predates the other. Questions of legal structures and legal logic are in the focus. With regard to discrepancies between the versions in 1QS and D, this study argues that most of the regulations in the S-version presuppose the older rules of the D-version.
The Admonitions in the Damascus Document as a Series of Thematic Pesharim
Authors: Goldman Liora 
Published: June 2019

Abstract
This study reveals a mosaic of artful rearrangement, rewriting, and creative interpretation of prophetic texts within the Admonitions of the Damascus Document. Many explicit quotations from scriptures and implicit allusions are interwoven and interpreted in the Admonitions through various methods, including pesher interpretation. The textual backdrop of the Admonitions helps us to determine the borders of the different discourses and to define the structure of the composition, which is divided into ten discourses built in a symmetrical chiastic structure. Each discourse comprises layers of quotations and allusions arranged around a central explicit pesher. Therefore, the explicit pesher in each discourse should not be viewed as an isolated pesher, as some have claimed, but rather as part of a larger thematic pesher. Each discourse/thematic pesher presents a different aspect of the work’s central theme: a polemic introduction to the rules of interpreting the Torah.
Cobet Revisited
Authors: van Bommel Bas 
Published: June 2019

AbstractThis article argues that Cobet’s philological and text-critical work deserves to be understood on its own terms, rather than being dismissed for its inconsistency with prevailing conceptions of classical scholarship. As shown by his Latin programmatic writings, Cobet was a typical nineteenth-century humanist, who aimed to integrate contemporary scholarly values into a traditional educational framework. Both Cobet’s method of textual criticism and his determination to remain aloof from what are nowadays considered progressive developments in nineteenth-century classical scholarship make sense on the basis of his humanistic conviction that classical scholarship’s ultimate aim is to serve humane educational ends. The fact that Cobet’s humanistic educational writings have fallen into oblivion is the result of a tendency among modern classicists to measure the past by standards drawn from the present, a tendency that can be called the ‘Whig history of classical scholarship’.
Papinius, Pomponius oder Pompilius (p. 120 FPL4 Bl.)?
Authors: Stachon Markus 
Published: June 2019

Abstract
The epigram on Casca and his amica senex (p. 120 FPL4 Bl.), whose author’s name is given by the manuscripts of Varro L. 7.28 as Papinius and by those of Priscian Inst. Gramm. 3.11 as Pomponius or Pompnius, is to be attributed to Pompilius, whom Varro also cites in two other places (L. 7.93; Men. frg. 356 A.). Pompilius is not to be considered a tragedian but a writer of early satura following in the footsteps of Ennius and Pacuvius and paving the way for Lucilius. The evidence for this thesis, which was already stated in the 19th century but has been disregarded in recent times, is collected and vindicated.
Ethnic Options, Covering and Passing
Authors: Törngren Sayaka Osanami 
Published: June 2019

Abstract
Over the past ten years, Japan has seen a significant increase in foreign residents, with levels of immigration expected to grow even more. This growing immigrant population is also reflected in the increase in intermarriages and children with mixed background. Although the number of multiracial and multiethnic Japanese who are socially recognised and identified as haafu (half) has increased, their identities and experiences are seldom critically analysed: How do they identify themselves, and how do they feel others identify them? Based on interviews with 18 individuals who grew up in Japan with one Japanese parent and one non-Japanese parent, this article explores ethnic options and the practices of covering and passing among multiracial and multiethnic individuals in Japan. The analysis shows that multiracial and multiethnic individuals have various ethnic options available to them and that they practice passing and covering in various ways.
Objectifying the Occult: Studying an Islamic Talismanic Shirt as an Embodied Object
Authors: Muravchick Rose E. 
Published: June 2019

Abstract
Islamic talismanic shirts from pre-Mughal South Asia form a stylistically cohesive subset within the larger corpus of Islamic talismanic shirts from the patrimonial-bureaucratic period. These objects have eluded sustained study due, in large part, to their wide geographical purview and dissimilarity from other period textiles. While these objects bear some similarities with talismans of smaller shape and disparate media, their form as garments has yet to be considered as integral to their function. In analyzing one of these South Asian shirts, from the Virginia Museum of Fine Arts, parallels between the arts of the book and the construction of armor highlight the apotropaic function of Koranic text when placed on the human body.
The Manda Family: A Dynasty of Isfahani Scholars
Authors: Pavlovitch Pavel 
Published: June 2019

Abstract
The Manda family was an important scholarly dynasty in Isfahan. From the beginning of the third century/ca 816 until the Mongol conquest of Isfahan in 632/1235-633/1236, its members were active in the fields of ḥadīṯ transmission and criticism, theology, and historiography. Despite its significance for the Ḥanbalī scholarly tradition, Āl Manda has remained marginal in the works of Western Islamicists during the last fifty years, whereas Muslim scholars have focused almost exclusively on the most prominent representative of the family, Muḥammad b. Isḥāq b. Manda (d. 395/1005), and, to a lesser extent, on his son, ʿAbd al-Raḥmān (d. 470/1078). In this essay, I catalogue all members of the Manda family who are mentioned in Arabic bio-bibliographical sources. I study in detail the theological views of Muḥammad b. Isḥāq b. Manda and his son ʿAbd al-Raḥmān b. Muḥammad, as well as Muḥammad b. Isḥāq’s contribution to the development of ḥadīṯ criticism.
Research Biobanks and Health Databases: The WMA Declaration of Taipei, Added Value to European Legislation (Soft and Hard Law)
Authors: Chassang Gauthier , Rial-Sebbag Emmanuelle 
Published: June 2019

Abstract
Biobanks and health databases make an essential contribution to health-related research (‘5P medicine’: predictive/preventive/personalised/participatory/provable). Since 1947, the World Medical Association (WMA) has addressed important issues in medical practice and scientific research, adopting guidelines that are recognised as global ethical standards. In October 2016, the WMA’s 67th General Assembly, held in Taipei, Taiwan, adopted a new Declaration on the Ethical Considerations regarding Health Databases and Biobanks, revising the Declaration adopted by the 53rd WMA General Assembly in 2002. Considering the way health databases and biobanks are currently used in research, the new recommendations are designed to facilitate the responsible collection and storage of human samples and/or associated data, and the provision of these bioresources for scientific research aimed at benefitting patients and populations. We analyse the Declaration of Taipei’s scope and content, highlighting its innovative features compared with other recent European guidelines and the General Data Protection Regulation (GDPR).
A Duty to Recontact in the Context of Genetics: Futuristic or Realistic?
Authors: Ploem Corrette , Mitchell Colin , van Harten Wim , Gevers Sjef 
Published: June 2019

Abstract
Medical genetic testing, ‘next generation sequencing’, is increasingly generating data that could become useful for patients after they have been discharged from care. If new information is discovered that links a disease to a specific mutation, do health professionals have a legal duty to recontact their patients? Apart from other concerns (such as respecting the patient’s right not to know), in many cases, this would require re-evaluation or re-analysis of the data. Taking such issues into account, we conclude that, at least at this point in time, it is not arguable that there is an unconditional duty of this kind. Health professionals should always do what can be reasonably expected from them to do justice to the patient’s right to information. When there is reason to believe that recontacting would be of significant clinical relevance for the patient, they should do so, unless efforts and costs involved would be disproportional.