bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Distribution of ABO and RHD blood group antigens in blood donors in Burkina Faso
Authors: Sawadogo Salam , Nebie Koumpingnin , Millogo Tieba , Kafando Eléonore , Sawadogo Abdoul‐Guyani , Dahourou Honorine , Traore Fauceny , Ouattara Siaka , Ouedraogo Oumarou , Kienou Kisito , Dieudonné Yonli Yentema , Deneys Véronique 
Published: November 2018

AbstractGeographical distribution of ABO and RHD antigens is important for blood transfusion services and population genetics studies. There are few data on this topic in Burkina Faso, a multi‐ethnic country. Our study aims at reporting phenotypic and allelic frequencies of ABO and RHD blood groups among voluntary blood donors from various ethnical regions of Burkina Faso. We conducted a cross‐sectional study including 81,486 blood donors. ABO allelic frequencies were determined using the Bernstein method. Differences in phenotypic distribution of blood groups were assessed using the chi‐square test; a p value <0.05 being considered as statistically significant. We noticed that O+>B+>A+>AB+>O‐>B‐>A‐>AB‐ in our population. Phenotypic frequencies of blood groups A, B, O and AB were respectively 22.54%, 28.56%, 43.30% and 5.60%. RHD+was 92.24%. The allelic frequencies of A, B, O and D were respectively 0.1524; 0.1887; 0.6590 and 0.7214. We noticed statistical differences (p < 0.05) between these administrative regions which corresponded roughly to some natural ethnic areas. Indeed, the phenotype O was more frequent in the Central‐west, Central and East regions corresponding to “Mossi,” “Gourounsi,” “Gourmantché” areas while the phenotype A and AB were more reported in “Boucle du mouhoun” and “Hauts‐Bassins” regions where we have “Bwaba” and “Bobo.” The phenotype O negative was less frequent in “Bwaba.” Our study provides interesting information to blood services that will allow them to better refine their donor recruitment strategies.
How families prepare their children for tooth extraction under general anaesthesia: Family and clinical predictors of non‐compliance with a ‘serious game’
Authors: Reynolds Patricia A. , Donaldson Ana N. , Liossi Christina , Newton Jonathon T. , Donaldson Nicholas K. , Arias Ramiro , Haria Preemal , Huntington Corinne , Alharatani Reham , Hosey Marie Therese 
Published: November 2018

ObjectiveTo explore family and clinical factors for usage of an online serious game designed to prepare children withECCfor dental treatment under general anaesthesia.DesignObservational study. Secondary data of 60 children, aged 5‐to‐7, randomised to the intervention group in a phase‐IIIrandomised controlled trial [NIHRPortfolio 10006,ISRCTN: 18265148] testing the efficacy of the serious gamehttp://www.scottga.org(available online). Usage was captured automatically, with each click, in real time. The total number of replays and total number of missing slides per game‐run performed by the child, were recorded and used to monitor usage. Compliance outcomes were: total time running the game and number of completely missed slides.Results57/60 played the game. Median age of parent/carer was 32. For 74% of the families, fathers resided at home and for 65% the parent/carer had A‐levels‐to‐university education. At recruitment, 70% of the children were reported as anxious/highly‐fearful and 37% as “significantly psychologically disturbed”.ConclusionsFactors for non‐compliance were absence of a father at home (P = 0.01) and higher child‐anxiety (P = 0.01) and, to a lesser extent, a low parent/carer education level (P = 0.09). Interactive cartoons featuring dental assessment, oral health messages and modelling featured in the more popular slides.
Course of disinhibited social engagement behavior in clinically referred home‐reared preschool children
Authors: Scheper Frederike Y. , Groot Ceciel R.M. , de Vries Annelou L.C. , Doreleijers Theodorus A.H. , Jansen Lucres M.C. , Schuengel Carlo. 
Published: November 2018

BackgroundEvidence supporting clinical relevance and persistence of disinhibited social engagement behavior (DSEB) pertains mostly to children reared in institutions and foster care. This study examined the course of DSEB in clinically referred home‐reared children from early into middle childhood, and associations with neglect/emotional maltreatment, effortful control, Attention Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder, Oppositional Defiant Disorder, and Autism Spectrum Disorder.MethodsDisinhibited social engagement behavior was examined in 124 children (82% boys, M = 4.06 years, SD = 0.89), referred for treatment of emotional and behavioral problems, by use of the Disturbances of Attachment Interview (DAI) with biological parents. Neglect and emotional maltreatment were assessed from case records and effortful control by use of the Child Behavior Questionnaire. At follow‐up, on average 4 years later, DSEB was examined by use of DAI as well as two observational ratings: the Stranger at the Door procedure (SatD) and a structured home observation of stranger approach. Psychiatric disorders were assessed by means of the Kiddie‐Schedule for Affective Disorders and Schizophrenia.ResultsPersistence of parent‐reported DSEB was found in 57% (n = 27) of the children with DSEB at baseline (n = 47). Parent‐reported DSEB at follow‐up was significantly related to DSEB observed in the SatD (rpb = .31, p = .001) and to observed stranger approach (rs = .41, p < .001), but only stranger approach was associated with baseline DSEB. The course of DSEB was not related to neglect/emotional maltreatment, nor to the level of effortful control. There was no association between DSEB and Autism Spectrum Disorder, but course of DSEB was associated with Attention Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder/Oppositional Defiant Disorder at follow‐up (χ2 = 13.08, p = .004).ConclusionsAlthough explanations for the onset and course of DSEB in home‐reared children remain elusive, findings suggest that DSEB is part of a complex of clinically significant problem behaviors in referred home‐reared preschool children.
Change in the dominance structure of two marine‐fish assemblages over three decades
Authors: Moyes Faye , Magurran Anne E. 
Published: November 2018

Marine fish are an irreplaceable resource, but are currently under threat through overfishing and climate change. To date, most of the emphasis has been on single stocks or populations of economic importance. However, commercially valuable species are embedded in assemblages of many species and there is only limited understanding of the extent to which the structure of whole communities has altered in recent years. Most assemblages are dominated by one or a few species, with these highly abundant species underpinning ecosystem services and harvesting decisions.This paper shows that there have been marked temporal changes in the dominance structure of Scottish marine‐fish assemblages over the past three decades, where dominance is measured as the proportional numerical abundance of the most dominant species. We report contrasting patterns in both the identity of the dominant species and shifts in the relative abundance of the dominant in assemblages to the east and west of Scotland, UK. This result highlights the importance of multi‐species analyses of harvested stocks and has implications not only for fisheries management but also for consumer choices.
LncRNA LINC00974 activates TGF‐β/Smad signaling to promote oral fibrogenesis
Authors: Fang Chih‐Yuan , Yu Cheng‐Chia , Liao Yi‐Wen , Hsieh Pei‐Ling , Lu Ming‐Yi , Lin Kuan‐Chou , Wu Ching‐Zong , Tsai Lo‐Lin 
Published: November 2018

BackgroundOral submucous fibrosis (OSF) is a progressive scarring disease and has been considered as a premalignant condition of the oral cavity. However, the detailed molecular mechanisms underlying the pathogenesis of OSF are still unclear.MethodHere, we examined the expression of a novel long non‐coding RNA LINC00974 in OSF and investigated its function role in myofibroblast transdifferentiation. Phenotypic analyses, including collagen gel contraction, migration, invasion and wound healing assays, were used to assess the myofibroblast activities following overexpression or inhibition of LINC00974.ResultsWe found that the expression of LINC00974 in OSF tissues or myofibroblasts was aberrantly upregulated, and there was a positive correlation between LINC00974 and myofibroblast markers. Our results showed that inhibition of LINC00974 suppressed the myofibroblast activities, while overexpression of LINC00974 increased the activation. We demonstrated that the expression levels of α‐SMA, α‐1 type I collagen, fibronectin were downregulated in the LINC00974‐inhibited myofibroblasts. Additionally, the TGF‐β secretion and phosphorylated Smad2 expression were also repressed in the LINC00974‐inhibited myofibroblasts. We further demonstrated that silence of LINC00974 prevented the arecoline‐induced myofibroblast activation, and LINC00974‐increased myofibroblast activities were via TGF‐β pathway.ConclusionAltogether, these findings suggested that arecoline‐increased myofibroblast transdifferentiation was via LINC00974‐mediated activation of TGF‐β signaling.
Self‐criticism, interpersonal conditions, and biosystemic inflammation in suicidal thoughts and behaviors within mood disorders: A bio‐cognitive‐interpersonal hypothesis
Authors: Shahar Golan , Rogers Megan L. , Shalev Hadar , Joiner Thomas E. 
Published: November 2018

AbstractWe review the theoretical and empirical literature on the role of self‐concept in suicidal behavior in the context of mood disorders (i.e., unipolar depression and bipolar spectrum disorders). The main themes emanating from this review are then juxtaposed against (a) the Interpersonal‐Psychological Theory of Suicide and (b) biological research on the role of inflammatory processes in suicidality. Such a juxtaposition paves the way for a bio‐cognitive‐interpersonal hypothesis. Pathologies of the self‐concept—primarily self‐criticism—propel mood disorder sufferers to generate interpersonal stress that culminates in two proximal causes of suicidality: thwarted belongingness and perceived burdensomeness. In turn, these two interpersonal conditions set in motion systemic biosystemic inflammation, serving as a proximal cause for suicidality in mood disorders. We conclude by describing a research project aimed at testing this hypothesis, and by outlining pertinent implications for assessment, treatment, and prevention.
GcvB small RNA uses two distinct seed regions to regulate an extensive targetome
Authors: Lalaouna David , Eyraud Alex , Devinck Aurélie , Prévost Karine , Massé Eric 
Published: November 2018

SummaryGcvB small RNA is described as post‐transcriptional regulator of 1–2% of all mRNAs in Escherichia coli and Salmonella Typhimurium. At least 24 GcvB:mRNA interactions have been validated in vivo, establishing the largest characterized sRNA targetome. By performing MS2‐affinity purification coupled with RNA sequencing (MAPS) technology, we identified seven additional mRNAs negatively regulated by GcvB in E. coli. Contrary to the vast majority of previously known targets, which pair to the well‐conserved GcvB R1 region, we validated four mRNAs targeted by GcvB R3 region. This indicates that base‐pairing through R3 seed sequence seems relatively common. We also noticed unusual GcvB pairing sites in the coding sequence of two target mRNAs. One of these target mRNAs has a pairing site displaying a unique ACA motif, suggesting that GcvB could hijack a translational enhancer element. The second target mRNA is likely regulated via an active RNase E‐mediated mRNA degradation mechanism. Remarkably, we confirmed the importance of the sRNA sponge SroC in the fine‐tuning control of GcvB activity in function of growth conditions such as growth phase and nutrient availability.
Severe outcomes of pediatric perioperative adverse events occurring in operating rooms compared to off‐site anesthetizing locations in the Wake Up Safe Database
Authors: Uffman Joshua C. , Tumin Dmitry , Beltran Ralph J. , Tobias Joseph D. 
Published: November 2018

SummaryBackgroundAnesthesia services are frequently provided outside of the traditional operating room environment for children. It is unclear if adverse events which occur in off‐site anesthetizing locations result in more severe outcomes compared to events in traditional operating rooms.AimWe used a multi‐institutional registry of pediatric patients to compare outcomes of perioperative adverse events between location types.MethodsDe‐identified data from 24 pediatric tertiary care hospitals participating in the Wake Up Safe registry during 2010‐2015 were analyzed. Peri‐procedural adverse events occurring in operating rooms or off‐site locations were included. The primary outcome was whether the adverse event was severe, defined as requiring escalation of care or resulting in temporary or significant harm. Multivariable logistic regression was used to compare location type (operating room vs. off‐site) and the likelihood of a severe outcome among reported events.ResultsThere were 1594 adverse events, of which 362 were associated with off‐site anesthetizing locations. In multivariable logistic regression, off‐site location was associated with greater odds of severe adverse event outcome (adjusted odds ratio, 1.31; 95% confidence interval: 1.01, 1.69; P = 0.044). Comparing adverse events in cardiac catheterization suites to events in operating rooms confirmed higher odds of severe outcome in the former group (adjusted odds ratio = 1.48; 95% confidence interval: 1.05, 2.08; P = 0.025), while this difference was not found for other off‐site locations.ConclusionMultivariable analysis of a large registry revealed a greater likelihood of severe outcome for adverse events occurring in cardiac catheterization suites (but not other out of the OR sites), compared to adverse events occurring in the operating room. Additional prospective studies are needed which better control for patient and environmental characteristics and their effect on severe outcomes after anesthesia.
Increased temperatures may safeguard the nutritional quality of crops under future elevated CO2 concentrations
Authors: Köhler Iris H. , Huber Steven C. , Bernacchi Carl J. , Baxter Ivan R. 
Published: November 2018

SummaryIron (Fe) and zinc (Zn) deficiencies are a global human health problem that may worsen by the growth of crops at elevated atmospheric CO2 concentration (eCO2). However, climate change will also involve higher temperature, but it is unclear how the combined effect of eCO2 and higher temperature will affect the nutritional quality of food crops. To begin to address this question, we grew soybean (Glycine max) in a Temperature by Free‐Air CO2 Enrichment (T‐FACE) experiment in 2014 and 2015 under ambient (400 μmol mol−1) and elevated (600 μmol mol−1) CO2 concentrations, and under ambient and elevated temperatures (+2.7°C day and +3.4°C at night). In our study, eCO2 significantly decreased Fe concentration in soybean seeds in both seasons (−8.7 and −7.7%) and Zn concentration in one season (−8.9%), while higher temperature (at ambient CO2 concentration) had the opposite effect. The combination of eCO2 with elevated temperature generally restored seed Fe and Zn concentrations to levels obtained under ambient CO2 and temperature conditions, suggesting that the potential threat to human nutrition by increasing CO2 concentration may not be realized. In general, seed Fe concentration was negatively correlated with yield, suggesting inherent limitations to increasing seed Fe. In addition, we confirm our previous report that the concentration of seed storage products and several minerals varies with node position at which the seeds developed. Overall, these results demonstrate the complexity of predicting climate change effects on food and nutritional security when various environmental parameters change in an interactive manner.
Evaluation of different methods of securing cellophane bands for portosystemic shunt attenuation
Authors: Joffe Michelle Robyn , Hall Evelyn , Tan Christopher , Brunel Laurencie 
Published: November 2018

AbstractObjectiveTo compare mechanisms of and pressures at failure of 4 methods of securing 2 types of cellophane bands around a vein.Study designEx vivo mechanical evaluation.MethodsCellophane bands composed of 3 or 4 layers were applied around a cadaveric external jugular vein (EJV) to create 25% or 50% attenuation. These bands were secured with a medium or medium‐large polymer locking ligation clip (PLLC), or a medium or medium‐large titanium ligation clip (TLC). Sterile saline 0.9% was instilled into the lumen of the EJV until a pressure of 100 mm Hg was reached. Failure mechanism and luminal pressure at failure were compared between groups.ResultsMedium clips failed less often than medium‐large clips (P < .001) and consistently sustained 100 mm Hg without failing. Three‐layer cellophane bands were 4.1 times more likely to fail than 4‐layer bands (P = .003, CI 1.6‐10.2) and failed at lower pressures (28.32 ± 3.59 mm Hg and 44.81 ± 6.51 mm Hg, respectively,P = .027). Failure rates of the cellophane band constructs did not differ whether secured with PLLC or with TLC (P = .635) or with 25% vs 50% attenuation (P = .780).ConclusionA single medium clip withstood physiological forces and secured a cellophane band at up to 50% attenuation. A 3‐layer cellophane band was more likely to fail compared with a 4‐layer cellophane band.Clinical significanceThese ex vivo results provide evidence to support the application of a 4‐layer cellophane band secured with a single medium PLLC or TLC for portosystemic shunt attenuation. A single medium PLLC should be used to eliminate computed tomography artifacts during postoperative evaluation of shunt closure.
Accuracy of patient‐specific three‐dimensional‐printed osteotomy and reduction guides for distal femoral osteotomy in dogs with medial patella luxation
Authors: Hall Emma L. , Baines Stephen , Bilmont Alexis , Oxley Bill 
Published: November 2018

AbstractObjectiveTo compare precorrectional and postcorrectional femoral alignment following distal femoral osteotomy using patient‐specific 3‐dimensional (3D)‐printed osteotomy and reduction guides in vivo and ex vivo.Study designProspective study.Sample populationTen client‐owned dogs and matching 3D‐printed plastic bone models.MethodsDistal femoral osteotomy was performed via a standard approach using osteotomy and reduction guides developed with computer‐aided design software prior to 3D‐printing. Femoral osteotomy and reduction was also performed on 3D‐printed models of each femur with identical reprinted guides. Femoral varus angle (FVA) and femoral torsion angle (FTA) were measured on postoperative computed tomographic images by 3 observers.ResultsIn vivo, the mean difference between target and achieved postoperative was 2.29° (±2.29°, P = .0076) for the FVA, and 1.67° (±2.08°, P = .300) for the FTA. Ex vivo, the mean difference between target and achieved postoperative was 0.29° (±1.50°, P = .813) for the FVA, and −2.33° (±3.21°, P = .336) for the FTA. Intraobserver intraclass correlation coefficients (ICC; 0.736‐0.998) and interobserver ICC (0.829 to 0.996) were consistent with an excellent agreement.ConclusionUse of 3D‐printed osteotomy and reduction guides allowed accurate correction of FTA in vivo and both FVA and FTA ex vivo.Clinical significanceUse of 3D‐printed osteotomy and reduction guides may improve the accuracy of correction of femoral alignment but warrant further evaluation of surgical time, perioperative complications, and patient outcomes compared with conventional techniques.
Experiences of older adults accessing specialized healthcare services in rural or remote areas: a systematic review protocol
Authors: Parsons Karen , Gaudine Alice , Swab Michelle 
Published: November 2018

ABSTRACT

Objective:
The objective of this review is to synthesize the literature on the experiences of older adults accessing specialized healthcare services while living in remote or rural areas.

Introduction:
Older persons with chronic illnesses often need specialized healthcare services. Those who live in remote or rural areas may have limited access to these specialized healthcare services, potentially leading to an increase in morbidity and mortality. Little is known about the experience of older adults accessing specialized healthcare services while living in remote or rural areas.

Inclusion criteria:
This review will consider studies of persons 65 years and over who have self-identified as living in remote or rural areas. They will have on at least one occasion sought access in person to specialized healthcare services for a chronic condition(s) such as cardiovascular diseases, renal diseases, diabetes, cancers, mental illness or a major health concern beyond the scope of a primary care clinician, such as palliative care.

Methods:
The search strategy will aim to find published and unpublished studies in English from 1980. Databases to be searched include: CINAHL, PubMed, PsycINFO, AgeLine, ProQuest Dissertations and Theses, Google Scholar and MedNar. Titles and abstracts will be screened against the inclusion criteria. Papers meeting the inclusion criteria will be appraised by two independent reviewers for methodological quality. Data will be extracted by two independent reviewers using a standardized data extraction tool. Findings will be pooled with the meta-aggregation approach, and a ConQual Summary of Findings will be presented.
Quadriceps architecture in individuals with patellofemoral pain: a systematic review protocol
Authors: Ashnagar Zinat , Kajbafvala Mehrnaz , Hadian Mohammad-Reza , Olyaei Gholamreza , Rezasoltani Asghar , Keshtkar Abbas Ali , Ansari Fereshteh , Pashazadeh Fariba 
Published: November 2018

ABSTRACT

Objective:
The objective of this review is to identify differences in quadriceps architectural parameters between healthy individuals and those with patellofemoral pain (PFP).

Introduction:
Patellofemoral pain is one of the most common causes of knee pain among physically active populations. Muscular imbalance may play an important role in patellar malalignment or patellar maltracking. A systematic review will clarify the possible architectural changes of quadriceps muscles in persons with PFP.

Inclusion criteria:
Eligible observational studies will include individuals younger than 50 years who have been diagnosed with unilateral or bilateral PFP. The comparator will be the contralateral, asymptomatic limb of the individual with PFP or a healthy matched subject. Studies that include measurement of quadriceps muscle size as the primary outcome will be considered. Studies in which participants had coexisting pathology, a history of lower limb surgery or injury, or pain originating from other joints will be excluded.

Methods:
PubMed/MEDLINE (NLM), Scopus, Embase, Physiotherapy Evidence Database, Web of Science and CINAHL databases and multiple gray literature sources will be searched. Studies published since 1 January 1990 will be considered; there will be no language restriction. Retrieval of full-text studies, assessment of methodological quality and data extraction will be performed independently by two reviewers. If possible, meta-analyses will be performed, and a Grading of Recommendations, Assessment, Development and Evaluation (GRADE) Summary of Findings presented.
Fatigue and measurement of fatigue: a scoping review protocol
Authors: Walters Stephen John , Stern Cindy , Stephenson Matthew 
Published: November 2018

Review question/objective:
The objectives of this review are to identify and present definitions of fatigue and theoretical, conceptual and mechanistic models of fatigue, and to identify the commonly used instruments that measure fatigue in humans and the settings in which they are used.
Specifically, the review questions are: