bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The outcomes and the mediating role of the functional triad: The users' perspective
Authors: Xu David Jingjun , Benbasat Izak , Cenfetelli Ronald T. 
Published: March 2018

AbstractB.J. Fogg's Functional Triad shows the manner in which computing technologies can persuade people by playing 3 different functional roles, namely, as tools, media, or social actors. However, the effects of user perceptions of these 3 functional roles are largely unknown. We advance Fogg's framework by developing a conceptual model to explain how a feature of a computing technology (ie, the trade‐off transparency feature of a recommendation agent [RA], which interactively demonstrates the trade‐offs among product attribute values) can result in certain outcomes by shaping the beliefs of individuals regarding the 3 functional roles. We examine the effects of the perceived Functional Triad on the following 3 outcomes: (1) persuading users to use an RA (intention to use), (2) persuading users to follow the advice of the RA (recommendation adherence), and (3) persuading users to recommend the RA to others (recommendation to friends). We conducted a laboratory experiment to manipulate 4 levels of trade‐off transparency, thereby creating an adequate amount of variations for the perceived Functional Triad. A total of 160 participants were recruited from a large university in North America. Although designers could control the technology design aspects, these designs may not accomplish the intended effects on users, who have their own perceptions. This study contributes to existing literature by simultaneously evaluating the 3 different outcomes of the Functional Triad from the perspective of users.
Extended glass‐forming region in the AgCl‐Ag2S‐As2S3 ternary system
Authors: Li Lei , Xu Shaohua , Yin Haiwei , Wang Yang , Zeng Huidan , Chen Guorong 
Published: March 2018

AbstractIn the present work, glass formation property of the AgCl‐Ag2S‐As2S3 ternary system is investigated. An extended glass‐forming region rich in the AgCl content (up to 80 mol.%) is observed. It is also found that there exists a small devitrification domain dividing the whole glass‐forming region into two parts. XRD analyses confirm that the precipitated crystals in the crystallized samples are pure AgCl, or Xanthoconite and Proustite Ag3AsS3, depending on the Ag2S/As2S3 ratio and the AgCl content. Structural evolutions of the selected samples 15AgCl‐yAg2S‐zAs2S3 are examined by high‐resolution XPS, and Raman spectroscopy. The crystallization mechanisms are studied comprehensively by SEM, DSC, and XRD measurements, and tentatively assigned to the presence of phase separation. The results reported in this article are expected to serve as a guide for the selection of suitable electrode materials for electrochemical applications.
Enhanced thermal conductivity in Si3N4 ceramic with the addition of Y2Si4N6C
Authors: Li Yinsheng , Kim Ha‐Neul , Wu Haibo , Kim Mi‐Ju , Ko Jae‐Woong , Park Young‐Jo , Huang Zhengren , Kim Hai‐Doo 
Published: March 2018

AbstractSi3N4 ceramic was densified at 1900°C for 12 hours under 1 MPa nitrogen pressure, using MgO and self‐synthesized Y2Si4N6C as sintering aids. The microstructures and thermal conductivity of as‐sintered bulk were systematically investigated, in comparison to the counterpart doped with Y2O3‐MgO additives. Y2Si4N6C addition induced a higher nitrogen/oxygen atomic ratio in the secondary phase by introducing nitrogen and promoting the elimination of SiO2, resulting in enlarged grains, reduced lattice oxygen content, increased Si3N4‐Si3N4 contiguity and more crystallized intergranular phase in the densified Si3N4 specimen. Consequently, the substitution of Y2O3 by Y2Si4N6C led to a great increase in ~30.4% in thermal conductivity from 92 to 120 W m−1 K−1 for Si3N4 ceramic.
Influence of magnesium on dielectric properties of Ca9–xMgxBi(VO4)7 ceramics
Authors: Dorbakov Nikolai G. , Grebenev Vadim V. , Titkov Vladimir V. , Zhukovskaya Evgeniya S. , Stefanovich Sergey Y. , Baryshnikova Oksana V. , Deyneko Dina V. , Morozov Vladimir A. , Belik Alexei A. , Lazoryak Bogdan I. 
Published: March 2018

AbstractSolid solution of Ca9‐xMgxBi(VO4)7 in powder and ceramic forms are obtained by solid‐state reactions. Details of their crystal structures are determined for x = 0.25 and x = 0.5 by synchrotron radiation diffraction and the Rietveld method. The refinement has confirmed that Mg2+ is replacing Ca2+ in M5 position of a polar (S.G. R3c) β‐Ca3(PO4)2‐type structure. Thermal analysis, dielectric and second harmonic generation experiments in broad temperature regions have proved this polar structure is formed for 0 ≤ x ≤ 0.7. Magnesium for calcium substitution enhances optical nonlinear activity of Ca9‐xMgxBi(VO4)7 in 0 < x ≤ 0.5. Two phase transitions have been found, one of which from polar to centrosymmetric phase is accompanied by dielectric constant peak of ferroelectric type. The other is upper on temperature, marked with smaller dielectric anomaly, and goes between 2 centrosymmetric phases. Temperatures of the phase transition only slightly depend on x, the first being near 1050 K, the second near 1100 K. Electric conductivity quickly rises with temperature in the polar phase. At higher temperature it changes according to the Arrhenius law with small activation energy, Ea ~ 0.7 eV for bulk conductivity and Egb ~ 2.0‐2.5 eV for grain boundary conductivity. The analysis of bulk and grain boundary conductivities agrees with Ca2+‐ion fast transport in ceramics. The bulk conductivity slowly decreases with magnesium content, the grain boundary conductivity does not notably depend on the composition.
Novel bismuth ferrite‐based lead‐free ceramics with high energy and power density
Authors: Liu Ningtao , Liang Ruihong , Zhao Xiaobo , Xu Chenhong , Zhou Zhiyong , Dong Xianlin 
Published: March 2018

AbstractIn this work, a new lead‐free relaxor ferroelectric 0.60BiFeO3‐0.34BaTiO3‐0.06Sr(Al0.5Nb0.5)O3 (BBFTO‐SAN) ceramic was prepared via the conventional solid‐state reaction method. High recoverable energy density (1.75 J/cm3) and efficiency (81%) were achieved, which is superior to some other lead‐free ceramics. Good thermal stability in a wide temperature range (30‐120°C) was also investigated in this system. Moreover, we first studied the charge‐discharge performance of bulk BFO‐based energy storage ceramics and obtained an ultra‐high power density pD (~57 MW/cm3) as well as a large current density value of ~1353 A/cm2. Consequently, all the results indicate that this ceramic is a promising lead‐free candidate for energy storage materials.
Landscape pattern and plant biodiversity in Mediterranean coastal dune ecosystems: Do habitat loss and fragmentation really matter?
Authors: Malavasi Marco , Bartak Vojta , Carranza Maria Laura , Simova Petra , Acosta Alicia T. R. 
Published: March 2018

AbstractAimHabitat fragmentation and loss are two of the most important factors driving current biodiversity decline. Nonetheless, the relationship between biodiversity and landscape patterns appears more complex than generally expected, depending on the species and communities involved. We aim to enrich knowledge concerning the relationship between plant diversity and landscape patterns along linear landscapes, such as Mediterranean coastal dunes. A dedicated buffering method considering multiple nested extents was developed for sampling linear landscapes (e.g. coastal or fluvial), which traditionally present a challenge for standard round or square sampling buffering approaches.LocationTyrrhenian coast of central Italy.MethodsBased on a database of plant community plots and functional traits from field measurements, for each plot we calculated taxonomic (TD) and functional (FD) diversity, which was further decomposed in functional evenness (FDeven) and mean trait dispersion (FDdisp). Relying on a land‐cover map, we computed a set of landscape metrics describing habitat loss, fragmentation and direct human disturbance at multiple extents around each plot. Diversity measures (TD, FD, FDeven and FDdisp) were then related to the landscape metrics at different scales via linear mixed‐effect models.ResultsOverall, the relationship between plant species diversity and landscape patterns was weak. We observed different responses of TD, FD, FDeven and FDdisp, which only emerged at fine‐medium scales. TD decreased with habitat loss and disturbance, while FD only with disturbance. FDeven decreased in more fragmented areas, while FDdisp was not affected by the selected landscape parameters.Main conclusionsLike other transitional areas, coastal strand and dune ecosystems exhibit steep gradients in biotic and environmental factors, are dynamic in location, and could be among the earliest to be affected by environmental drivers. However, the response of Mediterranean coastal dune plant diversity to habitat loss and fragmentation is weak. For these reasons, we propose that these plant communities are adapted to the ever‐changing nature of the coastal environment and consequently to changes in landscape pattern.
Temporal trends in safety and complication rates of catheter ablation for atrial fibrillation
Authors: Muthalaly Rahul G. , John Roy M. , Schaeffer Benjamin , Tanigawa Shinichi , Nakamura Tomofumi , Kapur Sunil , Zei Paul C. , Epstein Laurence M. , Tedrow Usha B. , Michaud Gregory F. , Stevenson William G. , Koplan Bruce A. 
Published: March 2018

AbstractIntroductionAtrial fibrillation (AF) ablation is increasingly common, but is associated with potential major complications. Technology, experience, and protocols have evolved significantly in recent times, and may have impacted procedural safety. We sought to compare AF ablation safety profiles, including complication rates and fluoroscopy times in a “modern” versus “historical” cohort.Methods and resultsWe evaluated consecutive patients undergoing AF ablation from a modern cohort (MC) from 2014 to 2015 and a historic cohort (HC) from 2009 to 2011 for complications. Major complications were categorized according to Heart Rhythm Society guidelines. We included 1,425 patients, 726 in the HC and 699 in the MC. The MC was older, had more OSA and less valvular AF. Fifty‐two (3.5%) procedures suffered major complications across the cohorts, with significantly fewer in the MC (5.0% vs. 2.3%, P = 0.007). The largest reductions were seen in vascular, hemorrhagic, ischemic stroke, and perforation/tamponade related complications. Periprocedural antiplatelets drugs (aHR 2.1 [95 CI 1.1–3.9], P = 0.02) and force‐sensing catheters (aHR 0.4 [95 CI 0.2–0.9], P = 0.03) were independently related to major complication rates. Direct oral anticoagulants and uninterrupted anticoagulation were not associated with complications. There was a decrease in both fluoroscopy (–17.4 minutes [95 CI 19.2–15.6], P < 0.0001) and radiofrequency ablation times (−561 seconds [95CI −750 to −371], P < 0.0001).ConclusionsThe safety profile of AF ablation has improved significantly in less than a decade.
Prophylactic pulmonary vein isolation during isthmus ablation for atrial flutter: Three‐year outcomes of the PREVENT AF I study
Authors: Romanov Alexander , Pokushalov Evgeny , Bayramova Sevda , Ponomarev Dmitry , Shabanov Vitaliy , Losik Denis , Stenin Ilya , Elesin Dmitry , Mikheenko Igor , Steinberg Jonathan S. 
Published: March 2018

AbstractIntroductionThe PREVENT AF I study demonstrated that prophylactic pulmonary vein isolation (PVI) in patients with pure typical atrial flutter (AFL) resulted in substantial reduction of new‐onset atrial fibrillation (AF) during 1‐year follow‐up as assessed by continuous implantable cardiac monitor (ICM). The objective of this study was to assess 3‐year outcomes.Methods and resultsFifty patients with documented AFL were randomized to either cavotricuspid isthmus (CTI) ablation alone (n = 25) or CTI with concomitant PVI (n = 25). The primary endpoint of the study was the occurrence of any atrial tachyarrhythmia with the monthly burden exceeding 0.5% on the ICM. At the end of 3 years, freedom from any atrial tachyarrhythmia was 48% (95% confidence interval [CI]: 32–72%) in the CTI plus PVI group as compared to 20% (95% CI: 9–44%) in the CTI‐only group (P = 0.01). Freedom from redo procedures was also higher: 92% (95% CI: 82–100%) versus 68% (95% CI: 52–89%), respectively (P = 0.027). The 3‐year AF burden favored the combined ablation group: 6.2% versus 16.8% (P = 0.03). In the CTI‐only group, 12 (48%) patients were hospitalized compared to 4 (16%) in the PVI + CTI group (P = 0.03). Two patients in the CTI‐only group developed stroke with no serious adverse events in the PVI + CTI group.ConclusionProphylactic PVI in patients with only typical AFL resulted in a significant reduction of new‐onset AF and burden during long‐term follow‐up as assessed by ICM, with consequent reduction in hospitalizations and need to perform repeat ablation for AF.
Generalized pustular psoriasis: a review and update on treatment
Authors: Hoegler K.M. , John A.M. , Handler M.Z. , Schwartz R.A. 
Published: March 2018

AbstractGeneralized pustular psoriasis (GPP) is a subtype of pustular psoriasis characterized by painful and occasionally disfiguring cutaneous manifestations with sepsis‐like systemic symptoms. Affecting any age and race, GPP can occur with other forms of psoriasis or by itself. Stimuli for flares include medications, infections and environmental triggers. The interleukin family and caspase recruitment domain family have been implicated in its pathogenesis. Other forms of pustular psoriasis include impetigo herpetiformis, palmoplantar pustular psoriasis, annular pustular psoriasis and acrodermatitis continua of Hallopeau. Treatment is not well established, but includes the use of retinoids, methotrexate, cyclosporine, corticosteroids, TNF‐alpha inhibitors, topical therapy and phototherapy. The use of TNF‐alpha inhibitors may result in the formation of antidrug antibodies and should be administered with methotrexate.
Anti‐inflammatory therapy with tumour necrosis factor inhibitors is associated with reduced risk of major adverse cardiovascular events in psoriasis
Authors: Wu J.J. , Joshi A.A. , Reddy S.P. , Batech M. , Egeberg A. , Ahlehoff O. , Mehta N.N. 
Published: March 2018

AbstractBackgroundPsoriasis is a systemic chronic inflammatory condition associated with increased risk of cardiovascular disease. Data demonstrating that decreased skin inflammation reduces cardiovascular events in patients with psoriasis may be generalizable to other chronic inflammatory states with heightened cardiovascular risk.ObjectiveTo determine whether tumour necrosis factor inhibitor (TNFi) therapy is associated with decreased major adverse cardiovascular events (MACE) in patients with psoriasis.MethodsIn this retrospective cohort study using the KPSC health plan, patients had at least three ICD‐9 codes for psoriasis and no antecedent MACE codes. Propensity score‐adjusted multivariable Cox regression assessed hazard ratios (HR) of MACE associated with TNFi use.ResultsAfter adjusting for cardiovascular risk factors, the TNFi cohort had significantly lower MACE HR compared with the topical cohort (HR, 0.80; 95% CI, 0.66–0.98). The oral/phototherapy cohort had similar MACE HR compared with the topical cohort (HR, 1.19 (95% CI, 0.99–1.42)).ConclusionsWe observed significantly lower MACE risk in patients with psoriasis receiving TNFi compared to topical or oral/phototherapy agents. TNFi therapy may have benefits beyond skin disease in mitigating cardiovascular event risk.
RAD‐seq linkage mapping and patterns of segregation distortion in sedges: meiosis as a driver of karyotypic evolution in organisms with holocentric chromosomes
Authors: Escudero Marcial , Hahn Marlene , Hipp Andrew L. 
Published: March 2018

AbstractMeiotic drive, the class of meiotic mechanisms that drive unequal segregation of alleles among gametes, may be an important force in karyotype evolution. Its role in holocentric organisms, whose chromosomes lack localized centromeres, is poorly understood. We crossed two individuals of Carex scoparia (Cyperaceae) with different chromosome numbers (2n = 33II = 66 × 2n = 32II = 64) to obtain F1 individuals, which we then self‐pollinated to obtain second‐generation (F2) crosses. RAD‐seq was performed for 191 individuals (including the parents, five F1 individuals and 184 F2 individuals). Our F2 linkage map based on stringent editing of the RAD‐seq data set yielded 32 linkage groups. In the final map, 865 loci were located on a linkage map of 3966.99 cM (linkage groups ranged from 24.39 to 193.31 cM in length and contained 5–51 loci each). Three linkage groups exhibit more loci under segregation distortion than expected by chance; within linkage groups, loci exhibiting segregation distortion are clustered. This finding implicates meiotic drive in the segregation of chromosome variants, suggesting that selection of chromosome variants in meiosis may contribute to the establishment and fixation of chromosome variants in Carex, which is renowned for high chromosomal and species diversity. This is an important finding as previous studies demonstrate that chromosome divergence may play a key role in differentiation and speciation in Carex.
Developing Student Evidence‐Based Practice Questionnaire (S‐EBPQ) for undergraduate nursing students: Reliability and validity of a Chinese adaptation
Authors: Zhang Yin‐Ping , Liu Wen‐Hui , Yan Yi‐Tian , Zhang Yao , Wei Huan‐Huan , Porr Caroline 
Published: March 2018

AbstractRationale, aims, and objectivesThe assessment of evaluating undergraduate nursing students' evidence‐based practice engagement is an important issue, yet few tools have been developed specifically in Mainland China. The purpose of this study was to adapt the Student Evidence‐based Practice Questionnaire (S‐EBPQ) to Mainland China's cultural context and to evaluate the psychometric properties of the newly adapted Chinese S‐EBPQ.MethodsCross‐cultural adaptation, including translation of the original S‐EBPQ into Mandarin Chinese language, was performed according to published guidelines. A pilot study was conducted in Mainland China with 25 Chinese undergraduate nursing students. A subsequent validation study was conducted with 400 undergraduate nursing students from Mainland China. Construct validity was assessed by exploratory factor analysis (n = 190) and confirmatory factor analysis (n = 210). Reliability was determined using internal consistency and test‐retest reliability.ResultsThe split‐half coefficient for the overall Chinese S‐EBPQ was 0.858. A content validity index of 0.986 was achieved. Principal component analysis resulted in a 4‐factor structure explaining 68.285% of the total variance. The comparative fit index was 0.927, and the root mean squared error of approximation was 0.072 from the confirmatory factor analysis. Known‐group validity was supported by the significant differences according to various characteristics of participants. Internal consistency was high for the Chinese S‐EBPQ reaching a Cronbach α value of 0.934. Test‐retest reliability was 0.821.ConclusionThe newly cross‐culturally adapted S‐EBPQ possesses adequate validity, test‐retest reliability, and internal consistency and therefore may be utilized in nursing education to assess EBP of undergraduate nursing students in Mainland China.
Single‐use flexible bronchoscopes compared with reusable bronchoscopes: Positive organizational impact but a costly solution
Authors: Châteauvieux Constance , Farah Line , Guérot Emmanuel , Wermert Delphine , Pineau Judith , Prognon Patrice , Borget Isabelle , Martelli Nicolas 
Published: March 2018

AbstractRationale, aims, and objectivesThere is at present no standard methodology to analyse the organizational impacts (OIs) of medical devices (MDs), and the field is still in its infancy. The aim of the present study was to assess, at a hospital level, the organizational and economic impacts of the introduction of a new MD, specifically the single‐use flexible bronchoscope (FB).MethodsBoth the organizational and economic impacts of the single‐use FB were evaluated in comparison with the reusable FB currently used as standard practice in our institution. First, process maps were created for both devices (reusable and single use). Based on the 12 types of OI defined by Roussel et al, interviews were conducted with all stakeholders, and the positive and negative aspects of the reusable and single‐use processes were analysed. In a second step, microcosting analysis was conducted to determine the most economical balance in use of the 2 technologies.ResultsProcess maps highlighted the complexity of the reusable device process when compared with the single‐use device process. Among the 12 types of OI, the single‐use FB process scored better than the reusable FB process in 75% of cases. With the “fleet” of 15 reusable FBs available in our institution, using single‐use FBs would represent an extra cost of €154 per procedure. Single‐use and reusable devices would have the same cost (€232 per procedure) with a theoretical annual activity of 328 bronchoscopies, which is much lower than our current activity (1644 procedures per year).ConclusionsOrganizational impact should be considered when assessing MDs. We show in this study that from an organizational viewpoint, there are many advantages to using single‐use bronchoscopes. However, in economic impact, it is more cost‐effective for our institution, with more than 1500 bronchoscopies performed annually, to use reusable devices.
Ectopic epithelial cell clusters in salmonid intestine are associated with inflammation
Authors: Bjørgen H , Koppang E O , Gunnes G , Hordvik I , Moldal T , Kaldhusdal M , Dale O B 
Published: March 2018

AbstractAn epizootic incidence of intestinal adenocarcinomas was reported in brood fish of Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar L.) in 2009. The condition was associated with a specific diet inducing enteritis and morphological changes. Here, two field trials of fish up to slaughter size were initiated. In Trial 1, two different feed recipes were used. Feed I was predominantly based on marine ingredients, whereas plant ingredients were limited to soy protein concentrate and wheat. Feed II was lower in fishmeal and without soya protein, which was substituted with plant proteins from other sources. In Trial 2, a commercial feed (Feed III) was included. No macroscopic tumours were observed in 300 fish (Trial 1). At the end of both trials, samples from five different segments of the gastrointestinal tract of a total of 39 fish were investigated with morphological methods. Here, we show the presence of ectopic proliferating epithelial cells only occurring in inflamed intestine and predominantly in the second segment of the mid‐intestine. Presence of ectopic epithelial cells in submucosal inflammatory foci may indicate early stages in tumorigenesis, but other possibilities such as proliferative enteric disorders cannot be excluded. Together with inflammation, carcinogenesis should be a focus of investigation in future feed trials.