bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Lipopolysaccharide inhibits GPR120 expression in macrophages via Toll‐like receptor 4 and p38 MAPK activation
Authors: Zhao Yan‐Yan , Fu Hui , Liang Xiang‐Yan , Zhang Bi‐Lin , Wei Lan‐Lan , Zhu Juan‐Xia , Chen Ming‐Wei , Zhao Yu‐Feng 
Published: July 2019

AbstractFree fatty acid receptor G protein‐coupled receptor 120 (GPR120) is highly expressed in macrophages and was reported to inhibit lipopolysaccharide (LPS)‐stimulated cytokine expression. Under inflammation, macrophages exhibit striking functional changes, but changes in GPR120 expression and signaling are not known. In this study, the effects of LPS treatment on macrophage GPR120 expression and activation were investigated. The results showed that LPS inhibited GPR120 expression in mouse macrophage cell line Ana‐1 cells. Moreover, LPS treatment inhibited GPR120 expression in mouse alveolar macrophages both in vitro and in vivo. The inhibitory effect of LPS on GPR120 expression was blocked by Toll‐like receptor 4 (TLR4) inhibitor TAK242 and p38 mitogen‐activated protein kinase inhibitor LY222820, but not by ERK1/2 inhibitor U0126 and c‐Jun N‐terminal kinase inhibitor SP600125. LPS‐induced inhibition of GPR120 expression was not attenuated by GPR120 agonists TUG891 and GW9508. TUG891 inhibited the phagocytosis of alveolar macrophages, and LPS treatment counteracted the effects of TUG891 on phagocytosis. These results indicate that pretreatment with LPS inhibits GPR120 expression and activation in macrophages. It is suggested that LPS‐induced inhibition of GPR120 expression is a reaction enhancing the LPS‐induced pro‐inflammatory response of macrophages.
Imine‐Based Covalent Organic Frameworks as Photocatalysts for Metal Free Oxidation Processes under Visible Light Conditions
Authors: Jiménez‐Almarza Alicia , López‐Magano Alberto , Marzo Leyre , Cabrera Silvia , Mas‐Ballesté Rubén , Alemán José 
Published: July 2019

AbstractPhotochemistry of extended polyimine COF structures with laminar, spherical and 3D architectures has been examined. We show that these materials, composed by undecorated phenyl rings and imine fragments, can act as photocatalyts in oxidative transformations, being the crystalline laminar material the most active photocatalyst. The sulfoxidation reaction proceeds with good yields for a large variety of different sulfides. This process was carried out under visible light conditions (20 W), ethanol/H2O as solvent, and the heterogeneous porous material can be recycled up to 9 times. The crystallinity favours the behavior as photocatalyst of laminar and spherical COFs whereas any particular effect on the 3D material activity was observed. Sulfoxidation reaction mainly proceeds through an energy transfer mechanism using crystalline laminar material. In addition, these materials as photocatalysts were used for the oxidation of phenyl boronic acid into phenol.
Peroxygenase‐Catalysed Epoxidation of Styrene Derivatives in Neat Reaction Media
Authors: Rauch Marine C. R. , Tieves Florian , Paul Caroline E. , Arends Isabel W. C. E. , Alcalde Miguel , Hollmann Frank 
Published: July 2019

AbstractBiocatalytic oxyfunctionalisation reactions are traditionally conducted in aqueous media limiting their production yield. Here we report the application of a peroxygenase in neat reaction conditions reaching product concentrations of up to 360 mM.
Using MARRVEL v1.2 for Bioinformatics Analysis of Human Genes and Variant Pathogenicity
Authors: Wang Julia , Mao Dongxue , Fazal Fatima , Kim Seon‐Young , Yamamoto Shinya , Bellen Hugo , Liu Zhandong 
Published: July 2019

AbstractOne of the greatest challenges in the bioinformatic analysis of human sequencing data is identifying which variants are pathogenic. Numerous databases and tools have been generated to address this difficulty. However, these many useful data and tools are broadly dispersed, requiring users to search for their variants of interest through human genetic databases, variant function prediction tools, and model organism databases. To solve this problem, we collected data and observed workflows of human geneticists, clinicians, and model organism researchers to carefully select and display valuable information that facilitates the evaluation of whether a variant is likely to be pathogenic. This program, Model organism Aggregated Resources for Rare Variant ExpLoration (MARRVEL) v1.2, allows users to collect relevant data from 27 public sources for further efficient bioinformatic analysis of the pathogenicity of human variants. © 2019 by John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
Coupled Dynamics of Anode and Cathode in Proton‐Exchange Membrane Fuel Cells
Authors: Nogueira Jéssica A. , Krischer Katharina , Varela Hamilton 
Published: July 2019

AbstractAn external reference electrode was used to monitor individually the evolution of the anodic and cathodic potentials during the stationary as well as oscillatory operation of a Direct Formic Acid Fuel Cell (DFAFC) and a Direct Methanol Fuel Cell (DMFC). Besides evidencing the large activation loss in both cells, we were able to observe how the oscillatory operation of such devices affects their cathodes. In fact, cathodic oscillations synchronized with the cell voltage dynamics were observed, hitherto never reported on fuel cells. We have addressed these phenomena taking into account two main coupling processes: through the proton concentration and a global coupling stemming from the control mode (potentiostatic or galvanostatic).
Tunable Acid‐Base Bifunction of Hierarchical Aluminum‐Rich Zeolites for the One‐Pot Tandem Deacetalization‐Henry Reaction
Authors: Suttipat Duangkamon , Yutthalekha Thittaya , Wannapakdee Wannaruedee , Dugkhuntod Pannida , Wetchasat Piraya , Kidkhunthod Pinit , Wattanakit Chularat 
Published: July 2019

AbstractThe development of bifunctional catalysts is important in the synthesis of materials for multiple sequential reactions in one‐pot tandem catalytic processes. In this context, a dealuminated acid‐base bifunctional catalyst with a hierarchical aluminum‐rich faujasite structure (zeolite Y) has been successfully prepared by the solid‐state dealumination of NaX nanosheets with ammonium hexafluorosilicate (AHFS). The characteristic properties of catalysts were examined by means of XRD, SEM, TEM, N2 physisorption technique, ICP‐OES, NH3‐TPD, CO2‐TPD, 27Al NMR, 29Si NMR, Al K‐edge XANES, and Pyridine‐FTIR. The materials exhibit a superior catalytic performance for one‐pot tandem catalysis, for example, the synthesis of trans‐β‐nitrostyrene with a yield close to 100 % in a tandem deacetalization‐Henry reaction of benzaldehyde dimethyl acetal with nitromethane. The high catalytic performance is attributed to the facile transfer of bulky molecules between acid and basic sites in the presence of hierarchical structures.
Nested case‐control data analysis using weighted conditional logistic regression in The Environmental Determinants of Diabetes in the Young (TEDDY) study: A novel approach
Authors: Lee Hye‐Seung , Lynch Kristian F. , Krischer Jeffrey P. ,   the TEDDY Study Group
Published: July 2019

AbstractBackgroundA nested case‐control (NCC) design within a prospective cohort study can realize substantial benefits for biomarker studies. In this context, it is natural to consider the sample availability in the selection of controls to minimize data loss when implementing the design. However, this violates the randomness required for selection, and it leads to biased analyses. An inverse probability weighting may improve the analysis, but the current approach using weighted Cox regression fails to maintain the benefits of NCC design.MethodsThis paper introduces weighted conditional logistic regression. We illustrate our proposed analysis using data recently investigated in The Environmental Determinants of Diabetes in the Young (TEDDY). Considering the potential data loss, the TEDDY NCC design was moderately selective in its selection of controls. A data‐driven simulation study was performed to present the bias correction when a nonrandom control selection was ignored in the analysis.ResultsThe TEDDY data analysis showed that the standard analysis using conditional logistic regression estimated the parameter: −0.015 (−0.023, −0.007). The biased estimate using Cox regression was −0.011 (95% confidence interval: −0.019, −0.003). Weighted Cox regression estimated −0.013 (−0.026, 0.0004). The proposed weighted conditional logistic regression estimated −0.020 (−0.033, −0.007), showing a stronger negative effect size than the one using conditional logistic regression. The simulation study also showed that the standard estimate of β ignoring the nonrandom control selection tends to be greater than the true β (ie, positive relative biases).ConclusionWeighted conditional logistic regression can enhance the analysis by offering flexibility in the selection of controls, while maintaining the matching.
microclimUS: hourly estimates of historical microclimates for the United States of America with example applications
Authors: Kearney Michael R. 
Published: July 2019

AbstractMicroclimatic data are required for many problems in pure and applied ecology. This data includes aboveground convective and radiative conditions as well as soil temperature and moisture. In cold regions, the connection between above‐ and belowground microclimates via snow cover is also critically important. Here I describe a data set of hourly microclimates for the continental United States, simulated from the years 1979 to 2017 across a grid of 2,287 locations approximately 60 km apart. The data were generated with the NicheMapR microclimate model, driven by 0.04° gridded daily meteorological forcing data (air temperature, wind speed, humidity, solar radiation, air pressure, and rainfall). The aboveground microclimate variables include horizontal plane solar radiation, solar zenith angle, sky temperature (from which downwelling longwave radiation can be computed), air temperature, relative humidity, and wind speed at 1 and 200 cm height, and snow depth. The belowground variables include soil temperature, pore humidity, soil moisture, and soil water potential for 0, 2.5, 5, 10, 15, 20, 30, 50, 100, and 200 cm belowground. The computations are for four shade levels (0%, 50%, 75%, and 90%). The predictions are validated against detailed soil temperature, soil moisture, and snow observations and show enhanced performance over existing microclimatic data for the United States. The data set can be used for a wide variety of applications, including the computation of heat and water budgets of organisms, the potential for vegetation growth, and the computation of stress and growth indices. The use of daily forcing data also allows assessments of the consequences of extreme events including heat waves and drought. Example applications are provided for computing plant growth potential, lizard egg development and body temperature, and mammalian energy and water requirements. No copyright or proprietary restrictions are associated with the use of this data set other than citation of this Data Paper.
Detection of Edible Plant Oil Adulteration by Triacylglycerol Profiles Using an Atmospheric Pressure Chemical Ionization Source and MS3 Ion Trap Mass Spectrometry
Authors: Wang Xiupin , Li Peiwu , Liu Xia , Liu Youqian , Zhang Qi , Zhang Liangxiao , Matthäus Bertrand 
Published: July 2019

An adulteration of high‐price oil has been an important concern in agri‐food fraud problems. Triacylglycerols are the main components of edible plant oils, which play an important role as target for adulteration detections. The objective is to evaluate the utility of triacylglycerol profiles in the detection of adulteration in high priced oils. An effective method is established to detect adulteration of high priced oils based on triacylglycerol profiles and chemometrics. Triacylglycerol profiles of edible oils are analyzed by an APCI‐MS3‐IT‐MS. All triacylglycerol compounds are quantified by normalization of the chromatographic peak area in selected reaction monitoring (SRM) mode based on MS3 fragment ion pairs, which are used to eliminate interference from the isobaric species of triacylglycerol. The results of the hierarchical cluster analysis (HCA) and random forest (RF) classification algorithm indicated that peanut, soybean, sesame, sunflower seed, and linseed oils are completely classified into five groups based on their triacylglycerol profiles. Finally, a recursive support vector machine (R‐SVM) discriminant model is established, which can successfully identify adulteration of high priced oil with cheaper edible oils at a concentration of as low as 4% with an accuracy of 93.7%.Practical Applications: The triacylglycerol profiles of edible plant oils are analyzed by RPLC‐APCI‐IT‐MS. The SRM scan mode based on MS3 fragment ion pairs can eliminate interference of triacylglycerol isomers. The discriminant model for adulterated high‐price oils is established by R‐SVM. HCA, and RF can classify the five kinds of edible plant oil.The triacylglycerol of five edible plant oils is analyzed by RPLC‐APCI‐MS3‐IT‐MS. The triacylglycerol data matrix is submitted using unsupervised (HCA) and supervised (RF) chemometric methods to classify five kinds of edible plant oil. A discriminant model established with the R‐SVM can be used to identify adulterated linseed oil samples (≥4%) with an accuracy of 93.7%.
Capacity‐based inelastic displacement spectra for reinforced concrete bridge columns
Authors: Wang Ping‐Hsiung , Chang Kuo‐Chun , Ou Yu‐Chen 
Published: July 2019

SUMMARYCapacity‐based inelastic displacement spectra that comprise an inelastic displacement ratio (CR) spectrum and the corresponding damage index (DI) spectrum are proposed in this study to aid seismic design and evaluation of reinforced concrete (RC) bridges. Nonlinear time history analyses of single‐degree‐of‐freedom (SDOF) systems are conducted using a versatile smooth hysteretic model when subjected to far‐field and near‐fault ground motions. It is demonstrated that the Park and Ang damage index can be a good indicator for assessing the actual visible damage condition of columns regardless of its loading history, providing a better insight into the seismic performance of bridges. The computed spectra for near‐fault (NF) ground motions show that as the magnitude of pulse period ranges increases from NF1 (0.5‐2.5 seconds) to NF2 (2.5‐5.5 seconds), the spectral ordinates of the CR and DI spectra increase moderately. In contrast, the computed spectra do not show much difference between NF2 and NF3 (5.5‐10.5 seconds) when the period of vibration Tn≤ 1.5 seconds, after which the spectral ordinates of NF3 tend to increase obviously, whereas those of NF2 decrease with increasing Tn. Moreover, when relative strength ratio R = 5.0, nearly all of the practical design scenarios could not survive NF3. On the basis of the computed spectra, CR and DI formulae are presented as a function of Tn, R, and various design parameters for far‐field and near‐fault ground motions. Finally, an application of the proposed spectra to the performance‐based seismic design of RC bridges is presented using DI as the performance objective.
Interaction of dimethyl carbonate with anilines in the presence of potassium methylate: Kinetics and the role of the base
Authors: Mantrov Sergey N. , Gordeev Dmitry A. , Dashkin Ratmir R. , Nefedov Pavel A. , Seferyan Mary A. 
Published: July 2019

AbstractThe kinetic patterns of the reaction between dimethyl carbonate and anilines in the presence of a potassium methylate as a catalyst were studied. The mechanism of aminolysis was clarified, which includes the detachment of the proton from the amino group of aniline and the subsequent attack of the resulting anion on the carbonyl group of dimethyl carbonate. It is shown that when the reaction occurs in the dimethyl carbonate‐methanol 3:1 system, the process can be described as an irreversible first‐order reaction in the aniline though the target reaction is complicated by side interaction between potassium methylate and dimethyl carbonate. The rate constants of the target reaction with substituted anilines and of the side reaction in the temperature range of 70‐90°C were determined. It is shown that the influence of the substituent on the reaction rate is described by the Hammett equation, with the constant of the reaction series being positive and the best correlation being achieved for Ïƒ‐scale. The results obtained are consistent with the proposed mechanism of the reaction and are explained by the facilitation of the aniline deprotonation with increasing acceptor properties of the substituent. Effective activation energies for the reaction of various anilines with dimethyl carbonate are found.
Robust 3D Bloch‐Siegert based mapping using multi‐echo general linear modeling
Authors: Corbin Nadège , Acosta‐Cabronero Julio , Malik Shaihan J. , Callaghan Martina F. 
Published: July 2019

PurposeQuantitative MRI applications, such as mapping the T1 time of tissue, puts high demands on the accuracy and precision of transmit field () estimation. A candidate approach to satisfy these requirements exploits the difference in phase induced by the Bloch‐Siegert frequency shift (BSS) of 2 acquisitions with opposite off‐resonance frequency radiofrequency pulses. Interleaving these radiofrequency pulses ensures robustness to motion and scanner drifts; however, here we demonstrate that doing so also introduces a bias in the estimates.Theory and MethodsIt is shown here by means of simulation and experiments that the amplitude of the error depends on MR pulse sequence parameters, such as repetition time and radiofrequency spoiling increment, but more problematically, on the intrinsic properties, T1 and T2, of the investigated tissue. To solve these problems, a new approach to BSS‐based estimation that uses a multi‐echo acquisition and a general linear model to estimate the correct BSS‐induced phase is presented.ResultsIn line with simulations, phantom and in vivo experiments confirmed that the general linear model‐based method removed the dependency on tissue properties and pulse sequence settings.ConclusionThe general linear model‐based method is recommended as a more accurate approach to BSS‐based mapping.
Is voluntary pelvic floor muscles contraction important for sexual function in women with pelvic floor disorders?
Authors: Grzybowska Magdalena E. , Wydra Dariusz G. 
Published: July 2019

AbstractAimsTo investigate relationships between pelvic floor muscles (PFM) and sexual function (SF) in sexually active (SA) and not‐SA (NSA) women with pelvic floor disorders (PFD).MethodsIn 350 women with PFD: 173 (49.4%) SA, 177 (50.6%) NSA, Pelvic Organ Prolapse (POP)‐Quantification, PFM tone, and strength were evaluated. Transperineal ultrasound (TPS) measured genital hiatus (GH) diameter, bladder neck (BN) movement. Pelvic Organ Prolapse/Incontinence Sexual Questionnaire, IUGA‐Revised (PISQ‐IR), and Female Sexual Function Index (FSFI) were used. SA women were dichotomized according to muscle strength (weak/strong) and tone (normal/hypoactive).ResultsFSFI scores reflected sexual dysfunction in 63.5% SA women. 32.2% partnered NSA stated PFD the reason for sexual inactivity. NSA women had higher POP stages and hypoactive PFM rates compared to SA: 72 (40.7%) vs 52 (30.1%), P = .04. TPS GH diameter did not differ between SA and NSA at rest, contraction, and did not correlate with SF. BN length was longer in SA at rest (15.0 ± 7.0 vs 13.1 ± 9.4, P = .03) and contraction (19.7 ± 7.0 vs 16.7 ± 10.2, P = .006); 30 (8.6%) subjects depressed BN during contraction. GH change at contraction correlated with Oxford Grading Scale (rps = 0.41; P < .001), and was smaller in women with nonfunctioning vs normal/underactive PFM (P < .001). Women with hypoactive PFM had lower SF in PISQ‐IR Global quality and FSFI Desire domains vs normal tone. BN length at rest, contraction, and total mobility correlated with several PISQ‐IR and FSFI domains.ConclusionsIn SA women with PFD, lower rates of hypoactive PFM tone were found. The ability to contract PFM did not influence SF. Greater mobility of BN correlated with lower SF.
Domestic Food Waste Derived Porous Carbon for Energy Storage Applications
Authors: Packiyalakshmi Parameswaran , Chandrasekhar Bongu , Kalaiselvi Nallathamby 
Published: July 2019

AbstractInterconnected microporous and heteroatom containing bio‐carbon, derived from universal household waste i. e. cooked rice has been investigated as an anode material for lithium and sodium‐ion batteries. Cooked rice derived carbon (CRC), prepared by an economically viable carbonization process, bestowed with the presence of nitrogen atom due to the bacillus cereus bacteria is chemically activated with KOH at different temperatures such as 800, 850 and 900° C. Among the prepared samples, CRC‐900 anode delivers an exceptionally high progressive capacity of ≈1000 mAh g‐1 at 100 mA g−1 for 100 cycles and reasonable capacity of 169 mAh g−1 for 1000 cycles. Further, CRC‐900 anode demonstrates high rate performance by delivering 260 mAh g−1 at 2 A g−1 in LIBs and an acceptable capacity of 78 mAh g−1 in SIBs at 2 A g−1condition. CRC is found to contain micro and meso‐porous structure along with high surface area (1899 m2 g−1) to endorse its suitability to this extend as an anode for LIBs and SIBs. The study illustrates the exploitation of waste‐to‐wealth attempt with an ultimate aim of recommending CRC as a potential anode for energy storage applications on the basis of low cost, cheap, eco‐benign electrode obtained from biodegradable cooked rice.
Periodic Mesoporous Organosilica Containing Bridged N‐Sulfonic Acid Groups: Promotion of the Synthesis of N,N’‐Diarylformamidines, Benzoxazoles, Benzothiazoles and Benzimidazoles
Authors: Haghighat Mahdieh , Golshekan Mostafa , Shirini Farhad 
Published: July 2019

AbstractIn this study, the successful synthesis of periodic mesoporous organosilica containing bridged N‐sulfonic acid groups (SA‐PMO) is demonstrated. The formation and morphology of the reagent were confirmed by N2 adsorption‐desorption isotherms and pH measurement, X‐ray diffraction (XRD), transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and Fourier transform infrared (FT‐IR) analysis. After identification, the catalytic activity of this reagent was investigated in the synthesis of N,N’‐diarylformamidines, benzoxazoles, benzothiazoles and benzimidazoles. Eco‐friendly protocol, excellent yields, short reaction times, ease of preparation, reusability of the catalyst and easy isolation of the products are the main advantages of this protocol. The considerable efficiency of the catalyst can be related to its high surface area, large pore volume and high acidity.
Modification of Y‐Zeolite with Zirconium for Enhancing the Active Component Loading: Preparation and Sulfate Adsorption Performance of ZrO(OH)2/Y‐Zeolite
Authors: Ma Hongqin , Zhang Jiasheng , Wang Meijie , Sun Shuai 
Published: July 2019

AbstractNowadays, several techniques have been utilized to remove sulfate from industrial sewage. The method using ZrO(OH)2 to adsorb sulfate is highly efficient and environmentally friendly, however, nano‐powdered ZrO(OH)2 is hard to be recycled owing to its great loss in the adsorption process, which brings enormous difficulties to industrial applications. In this research, to prevent adsorbents from losing, Y‐zeolite was modified with zirconium, including the incorporation of zirconium as heteroatoms into zeolite frameworks and ion‐exchange of Zr4+ into the cages of zeolite, and then used as carrier to load ZrO(OH)2 to fabricate adsorbent via the stepwise impregnation treatment. The as‐prepared supported adsorbent ZrO(OH)2/Y‐zeolite has a high SO42− adsorption capacity, a strong adsorption selectivity to SO42− and good adsorption‐regeneration circulation performances. The saturated SO42− adsorption capacity of 284.22 mg/g can be obtained under the following adsorption conditions: SO42− concentration of 10 g/L, the pH value of 1.5, the temperature of 25 °C. After five adsorption‐regeneration circulations, its adsorption capacity has decreased only about 10%. The adsorption‐ desorption of sulfate over ZrO(OH)2/Y‐zeolite adsorbent proceeds according to the ion‐exchange mechanism between sulfate and the surface hydroxyl groups.