bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Short‐Term Pain and Long‐Term Gain: Using Phased‐In Minimum Size Limits to Rebuild Stocks—the Pacific Bluefin Tuna Example
Authors: Ailloud Lisa E. , Gedamke Todd , Hoenig John M. 
Published: September 2018

AbstractLike many stocks, the Pacific Bluefin Tuna Thunnus orientalis has been considerably depleted. High exploitation rates on very young fish have reduced the spawning stock biomass (SSB) to 2.6% of the unexploited level. We provide a framework for exploring potential benefits of minimum size regulations as a mechanism for rebuilding stocks, and we illustrate the approach using simulations patterned after Pacific Bluefin Tuna dynamics. We attempt to mitigate short‐term losses in yield by considering a phased‐in management strategy. With this approach, the minimum size limit (MSL) is gradually increased as biomass rebuilds, giving fishing communities time to adjust to new restrictions. We estimated short‐ and long‐term effects of different MSLs on yield and biomass by using data from the 2016 assessment. A variety of scenarios was considered for growth compensation, discard mortality, and interest rates. The long‐term value of the fishery was maximized by setting an MSL of 92 cm FL, which resulted in a 70% loss in yield during the first year (short‐term pain). By implementing the MSL in two phases (64 cm FL in year 1; 92 cm FL in subsequent years), the long‐term value of the fishery was maintained, and the short‐term pain was reduced to a maximum 46% loss in yield during any 1 year. Under a three‐phase implementation (55 cm FL in year 1; 77 cm FL in year 2; and 92 cm FL in subsequent years), the short‐term pain was further reduced to a maximum loss of 30% during any 1 year. With no discard mortality, long‐term yield increased by 165% and SSB increased 13‐fold (to 33% of virgin SSB), regardless of the number of phases used. Long‐term benefits were quickly diminished with increasing discard mortality. This simulation approach is widely applicable to cases where minimum size changes are contemplated; for Pacific Bluefin Tuna, our simulations demonstrate that size limits should be considered.
A novel sulfonyl chromen‐4‐ones (CHW09) preferentially kills oral cancer cells showing apoptosis, oxidative stress, and DNA damage
Authors: Tang Jen‐Yang , Wu Chang‐Yi , Shu Chih‐Wen , Wang Sheng‐Chieh , Chang Meng‐Yang , Chang Hsueh‐Wei 
Published: September 2018

AbstractSeveral functionalized chromones, the key components of naturally occurring oxygenated heterocycles, have anticancer effects but their sulfone compounds are rarely investigated. In this study, we installed a sulfonyl substituent to chromen‐4‐one skeleton and synthesized CHW09 to evaluate its antioral cancer effect in terms of cell viability, cell cycle, apoptosis, oxidative stress, and DNA damage. In cell viability assay, CHW09 preferentially kills two oral cancer cells (Ca9‐22 and CAL 27), less affecting normal oral cells (HGF‐1). Although CHW09 does not change the cell cycle distribution significantly, CHW09 induces apoptosis validated by flow cytometry for annexin V and by western blotting for cleaved poly(ADP‐ribose) polymerase (PARP), and caspases 3/8/9. These apoptosis signaling expressions are partly decreased by apoptosis inhibitor (Z‐VAD‐FMK) or free radical scavenger (N‐acetylcysteine). Furthermore, CHW09 induces oxidative stress validated by flow cytometry for the generations of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and mitochondrial superoxide (MitoSOX), and the suppression of mitochondrial membrane potential (MMP). CHW09 also induces DNA damage validated by flow cytometry for the increases of DNA double strand break marker γH2AX and oxidative DNA damage marker 8‐oxo‐2′‐deoxyguanosine (8‐oxodG). Therefore, our newly synthesized CHW09 induces apoptosis, oxidative stress, and DNA damage, which may lead to preferential killing of oral cancer cells compared with normal oral cells.
Thinking About Words: First Graders’ Response to Morphological Instruction
Authors: Freeman Niecea D. , Townsend Dianna , Templeton Shane 
Published: September 2018

AbstractThe authors detail word‐learning strategies from a small‐scale early reading intervention for first graders (N = 3) focused on Greek and Latin roots in science‐based informational texts. Educators can provide explicit instruction to support student awareness of word structures in content‐specific vocabulary, and this instruction can be adapted to meet the needs of students at different reading levels. The current intervention involved an exploration of morphology, including the study of Greek and Latin roots and of affixes, and its contribution to word relations and meanings. The intervention was designed to complement Common Core State Standards and Next Generation Science Standards. The instructional approaches included root identification tasks, problem‐solving techniques, and practice with word production by analyzing selected terms in authentic scientific texts. Analyses suggested that opportunities to personalize and practice with roots and affixes, specifically through interactive activities such as discussions and creating visual representations, supported the development of students’ morphological awareness.
System effects of high demand‐side electrification rates: A scenario analysis for Germany in 2030
Authors: Guminski Andrej , Böing Felix , Murmann Alexander , von Roon Serafin 
Published: September 2018

The substitution of fossil fueled final energy consumption through electrical appliances and processes (electrification), in combination with an increased share of emission free electricity production, poses a promising deep decarbonization strategy. To reveal the effect of high demand‐side electrification rates on the transmission grid and electricity supply‐side a case‐study analysis for the German market is performed. A reference scenario with low demand‐side electrification and low grid congestion is compared to high demand‐side electrification scenarios with two different shares of renewable electricity production of total electrical load: “Elec61” and “Elec75.” The analysis shows that an increase of the electrical load from ~500 TWh to ~760 TWh leads to heightened stress for the transmission grid and therefore more curtailment in both electrification scenarios. In Elec61, which exhibits the same share of renewable electricity production as the reference scenario, the integration of 19 TWh of flexible power‐to‐heat in district heating networks reduces the market driven curtailment of renewable feed‐in, highlighting the value of flexible electrical loads for the integration of variable renewable energy sources. Although a drastic increase of installed renewable electricity production capacity occurs in Elec61 (+109 GW) and Elec75 (+178 GW) compared to the reference scenario, fossil fueled power plants are still being dispatched frequently in times of high electrical load and low renewable energy feed. In the examined scenarios, deep decarbonization through electrification was not possible because the decrease of the CO2‐coefficient of power generation resulting from an increase in the installed capacity of variable renewable energy sources was insufficient.This article is categorized under:
Wind Power > Systems and Infrastructure
Energy and Climate > Systems and Infrastructure
Energy Systems Analysis > Systems and Infrastructure
Relationship‐based access control: More than a social network access control model
Authors: Lobo Jorge 
Published: September 2018

In a computer system, access control refers to the mechanisms the system use to decide whether to grant or reject access to its resources. Access control decisions in social media services, such as Facebook, Twitter, Research Gate, or LinkedIn, are determined in large part by policies that can be described in terms of the relationships among the individuals potentially affected by the decision. The premise behind a larger interest in Relationship‐based Access Control (ReBAC) is that besides social media services, social and other forms of relationships can be an effective abstraction for describing and implementing access control policies. The aim of this paper is to present an overview of ReBAC from the point of view of the types of policies that have motivated the access control research community to develop different ReBAC systems. We also review and reflect on what it would take to implement and administer an ReBAC system.This article is categorized under:

Fundamental Concepts of Data and Knowledge > Information Repositories
Fundamental Concepts of Data and Knowledge > Data Concepts
Application Areas > Society and Culture
Pazopanib may reduce bleeding in hereditary hemorrhagic telangiectasia
Authors: Faughnan Marie E. , Gossage James R. , Chakinala Murali M. , Oh S. Paul , Kasthuri Raj , Hughes Christopher C. W. , McWilliams Justin P. , Parambil Joseph G. , Vozoris Nicholas , Donaldson Jill , Paul Gitanjali , Berry Pamela , Sprecher Dennis L. 
Published: September 2018

AbstractPazopanib (Votrient) is an orally administered tyrosine kinase inhibitor that blocks VEGF receptors potentially serving as anti-angiogenic treatment for hereditary hemorrhagic telangiectasia (HHT). We report a prospective, multi-center, open-label, dose-escalating study [50 mg, 100 mg, 200 mg, and 400 mg], designed as a proof-of-concept study to demonstrate efficacy of pazopanib on HHT-related bleeding, and to measure safety. Patients, recruited at 5 HHT Centers, required ≥ 2 Curacao criteria AND [anemia OR severe epistaxis with iron deficiency]. Co-primary outcomes, hemoglobin (Hgb) and epistaxis severity, were measured during and after treatment, and compared to baseline. Safety monitoring occurred every 1.5 weeks. Seven patients were treated with 50 mg pazopanib daily. Six/seven showed at least 50% decrease in epistaxis duration relative to baseline at some point during study; 3 showed at least 50% decrease in duration during Weeks 11 and 12. Six patients showed a decrease in ESS of > 0.71 (MID) relative to baseline at some point during study; 3/6 showed a sustained improvement. Four patients showed > 2 gm improvement in Hgb relative to baseline at one or more points during study. Health-related QOL scores improved on all SF-36 domains at Week 6 and/or Week 12, except general health (unchanged). There were 19 adverse events (AE) including one severe AE (elevated LFTs, withdrawn from dosing at 43 days); with no serious AE. In conclusion, we observed an improvement in Hgb and/or epistaxis in all treated patients. This occurred at a dose much lower than typically used for oncologic indications, with no serious AE. Further studies of pazopanib efficacy are warranted.
Orgasmic Latency and Related Parameters in Women During Partnered and Masturbatory Sex
Authors: Rowland David L. , Sullivan Shelbie L. , Hevesi Krizstina , Hevesi Barbara 
Published: September 2018

Abstract

Introduction
Orgasmic latency (OL) during partnered sex (POL) and OL during masturbatory sex (MOL) in women with and without orgasmic difficulty have received minimal attention.

Aim
To ascertain POL and MOL both overall and more specifically in women with and without difficulty reaching orgasm and to explore interrelationships between masturbatory and partnered latencies and sexual satisfaction.

Methods
Participants for this study were 2,304 women drawn from community–based samples in the United States and Hungary who completed an investigator–derived questionnaire regarding their sexual history and response, including items related to frequency of masturbation and partnered sex, sexual desire, sexual arousal, orgasmic response, OL, distress, partner distress, and sexual satisfaction.

Main Outcome Measure
Self-reported OL and related orgasmic parameters during masturbation and partnered sex in women with and without difficulty reaching orgasm were assessed.

Results
POL were longer than those during MOL. Women experiencing difficulty reaching orgasm showed even longer latencies during partnered sex but comparable latencies during masturbation. Covariates related to POL included age, overall relationship quality, masturbation frequency, MOL, and level of distress about not reaching orgasm.

Clinical Implications
POL in women are substantially longer than men’s, suggesting the potential need for an increased repertoire of stimulatory behaviors to increase the woman’s arousal.

Strength and Limitations
The study was well powered and drew from a multi-national population. However, specific types of sexual stimulation during partnered and masturbatory sex were not included in this analysis.

Conclusion
MOL for women and POL differ significantly, with latencies during partnered sex being substantially longer than masturbation, although women reporting the greatest difficulty reaching orgasm have the longest latencies and are likely to find masturbation more satisfying than women who do not.
Computer Interactive Reminiscence and Conversation Aid groups—Delivering cognitive stimulation with technology
Authors: Astell Arlene J. , Smith Sarah K. , Potter Stephen , Preston‐Jones Emily 
Published: September 2018

AbstractIntroductionGroup‐based cognitive stimulation is the only nonpharmacologic intervention recommended by the UK National Institute for Clinical and Health Excellence for people with dementia. The potential of technology to extend the availability of group‐based cognitive stimulation has not been tested.MethodsOne hundred sixty‐one people with dementia participated in an eight‐session group activity using Computer Interactive Reminiscence and Conversation Aid (CIRCA). Cognition, quality of life, and general health were assessed before intervention, postintervention, and 3 months later.ResultsThere was a significant improvement in cognition and quality of life at the end of the CIRCA group intervention, which was further improved at 3‐month follow‐up.DiscussionCIRCA group sessions improved cognition and quality of life similar to group‐based cognitive stimulation approved by the National Institute for Clinical and Health Excellence. These benefits were maintained at 3‐month follow‐up. The data confirm the potential of CIRCA, which can be populated with different cultural and language contents for different user groups.
Who Owns Up to the Past? Heritage and Historical Injustice
Authors: MATTHES ERICH HATALA 
Published: September 2018

Abstract‘Heritage’ is a concept that often carries significant normative weight in moral and political argument. In this article, I present and critique a prevalent conception according to which heritage must have a positive valence. I argue that this view of heritage leads to two moral problems: disowning injustice and embracing injustice. In response, I argue for an alternative conception of heritage that promises superior moral and political consequences. In particular, this alternative jettisons the traditional focus on heritage as a primarily positive relationship to the past and thus offers resources for coming to terms with histories of injustice.
A pilot study using telehealth to implement antimicrobial stewardship at two rural Veterans Affairs medical centers
Authors: Stevenson Lauren D. , Banks Richard E. , Stryczek Krysttel C. , Crnich Christopher J. , Ide Emma M. , Wilson Brigid M. , Viau Roberto A. , Ball Sherry L. , Jump Robin L.P. 
Published: September 2018

AbstractObjectiveTo test the feasibility of using telehealth to support antimicrobial stewardship at Veterans Affairs medical centers (VAMCs) that have limited access to infectious disease-trained specialists.DesignA prospective quasi-experimental pilot study.SettingTwo rural VAMCs with acute-care and long-term care units.InterventionAt each intervention site, medical providers, pharmacists, infection preventionists, staff nurses, and off-site infectious disease physicians formed a videoconference antimicrobial stewardship team (VAST) that met weekly to discuss cases and antimicrobial stewardship-related education.MethodsDescriptive measures included fidelity of implementation, number of cases discussed, infectious syndromes, types of recommendations, and acceptance rate of recommendations made by the VAST. Qualitative results stemmed from semi-structured interviews with VAST participants at the intervention sites.ResultsEach site adapted the VAST to suit their local needs. On average, sites A and B discussed 3.5 and 3.1 cases per session, respectively. At site A, 98 of 140 cases (70%) were from the acute-care units; at site B, 59 of 119 cases (50%) were from the acute-care units. The most common clinical syndrome discussed was pneumonia or respiratory syndrome (41% and 35% for sites A and B, respectively). Providers implemented most VAST recommendations, with an acceptance rate of 73% (186 of 256 recommendations) and 65% (99 of 153 recommendations) at sites A and B, respectively. Qualitative results based on 24 interviews revealed that participants valued the multidisciplinary aspects of the VAST sessions and felt that it improved their antimicrobial stewardship efforts and patient care.ConclusionsThis pilot study has successfully demonstrated the feasibility of using telehealth to support antimicrobial stewardship at rural VAMCs with limited access to local infectious disease expertise.
TIME, HISTORY, COMPOSING
Authors: Fox Christopher 
Published: September 2018

AbstractThis article is based on a lecture given on 28 April 2018 as the keynote address at the inaugural conference of CenM@S, the Centre for New Music at Sheffield University. It offers a series of reflections on time and musical composition, time being considered both in the sense of history – our present sense of the past – and experiential time as we listen to music. Specific reference is made to the author's Canti del carcere (2012–18) and the texts by Gramsci and Dante that are set in these madrigals, each of which is also concerned with the passage of time and the ways in which ideas become consolidated. Ideas of time and history in the music of Cage, Nono and Feldman are also considered.
The Economically Responsible Single Mum who Sees to her Future: Welfare-to-work programmes and pension savings
Authors: HERBST-DEBBY ANAT 
Published: September 2018

AbstractIn response to the economic vulnerability of single mothers and in keeping with a neoliberal ideology, many Western countries have encouraged increased labour-market participation, often through welfare-to-work (WTW) programmes. One practice adopted in these programmes is deepening knowledge of pension savings and increasing financial savviness. Feminist research points to women's lower economic status than men at retirement, especially divorcees and widows. Based on perceptions of single mothers participating in a WTW programme in Israel and their trainers, this study examines how such mothers, in a framework of vulnerability, experience policy imperatives regarding paid labour and examines their attitudes to pension savings. Findings reveal that, in reaction to the imperative of pension savings, some single mothers believed their present employment provided them with a more secure economic future, while others rejected this belief. The trainers also had divided opinions, despite their role in encouraging mothers to follow the imperative.
Pair correlation of sequences with maximal additive energy
Authors: LARCHER GERHARD , STOCKINGER WOLFGANG 
Published: September 2018

AbstractWe show for sequences $\left(a_{n}\right)_{n \in \mathbb N}$ of distinct positive integers with maximal order of additive energy, that the sequence $\left(\left\{a_{n} \alpha\right\}\right)_{n \in \mathbb N}$ does not have Poissonian pair correlations for any α. This result essentially sharpens a result obtained by J. Bourgain on this topic.
Determinants of Amazon deforestation: the role of off-farm income
Authors: Araujo Claudio , Combes Jean-Louis , Féres José Gustavo 
Published: September 2018

AbstractThis paper aims at assessing the determinants of Amazon deforestation, emphasizing the role played by off-farm income. Initially an economic model is provided which relates off-farm income to deforestation patterns. Subsequently, empirical implications are tested using data from the 2006 Brazilian Agricultural Census. Estimation results suggest that higher off-farm incomes are associated with reduced deforestation rates. In fact, higher off-farm incomes might increase the opportunity cost associated with agricultural activities. The latter option becomes less attractive and farmers dedicate less time to farm activities, thereby reducing deforestation pressure. Results also show that smallholders respond less to the increase in the returns from off-farm activities when compared to largeholders, which matches our hypothesis of labor market imperfections regarding off-farm activities.
Combining ASCAT and NEXRAD Retrieval Analysis to Explore Wind Features of Mesoscale Oceanic Systems
Authors: Priftis G. , Lang T. J. , Chronis T. 
Published: September 2018

AbstractOceanic mesoscale systems often produce heavy rainfall and can cause significant hazards in coastal regions and aviation. Surface features that are important in the evolution of these systems were examined combining the Advanced Scatterometer (ASCAT) on board the polar‐orbiting meteorological satellite series Metop‐A and ‐B and ground instrumentation; that is, Next Generation Weather Radars, soundings, buoys. Two case studies were analyzed, over the coastal United States, by reprojecting ASCAT wind and ground radar precipitation and wind retrievals over a common grid domain. ASCAT retrievals were in agreement with buoy and sounding measurements at distances greater than 30 km from the precipitation region. Enhanced uncertainty in ASCAT wind retrievals in heavy precipitation was represented by greater wind direction variability and increases in wind speed. Nevertheless, ASCAT was able to identify regions of convergence and divergence within the systems, as well as outflow boundaries associated with downdrafts, which agreed with wind fields retrieved from the single‐Doppler analysis. Quality flags reported by ASCAT were also examined against polarimetric radar retrievals. Thresholds for rain rate and median volume diameter (D0), corresponding to the boundary between flagged and unflagged ASCAT data, were variable among different cases. However, analysis of ice water path and liquid water path revealed that unflagged ASCAT data rarely exceeded approximately 0.5 kg/m2 in either parameter.
No Impact of Anthropogenic Aerosols on Early 21st Century Global Temperature Trends in a Large Initial‐Condition Ensemble
Authors: Oudar Thomas , Kushner Paul J. , Fyfe John C. , Sigmond Michael 
Published: September 2018

AbstractAnthropogenic‐aerosol (AA) radiative forcing modulates multidecadal greenhouse radiative forcing. However, decadal climate responses to AA are poorly characterized given AA forcing uncertainty and internal climate variability. This motivates revisiting a recent claim that AA drove a negative trend in the Pacific Decadal Oscillation and an associated cooling influence in the 10–15 years following the late‐1990's El Niño. The average of a 50‐member initial condition ensemble of the second generation Canadian Earth System Model version 2 that was forced only with AA does not exhibit the negative‐Pacific Decadal Oscillation/slowdown response. However, spurious responses of this kind, that are artifacts of subsetting the large ensemble (LE) in a manner consistent with published literature, can readily be found. This illustrates the caution needed in interpreting regional‐ and decadal‐scale responses to AA and suggests that improved characterization of model uncertainty in AA over the recent period is required.