bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
DIDÁTICA E PESQUISA NO CURRÍCULO DO CURSO DE PEDAGOGIA E O HABITUS DOCENTE EM BOURDIEU
Authors: Santos Castro Solange Maria , Dias Cavalcante Maria Marina 
Published: December 2018

A formação docente para os anos iniciais do Ensino Fundamental tem como uma de suas atribuições o preparo desses profissionais para o desenvolvimento de uma prática interdisciplinar, ao alcance das exigências curriculares que perpassam a prática desses professores. O objetivo deste estudo consiste em discutir o lugar da didática e da pesquisa no currículo de formação desse profissional docente, especificamente no curso de pedagogia. Para tanto, utilizou-se o método de pesquisa documental com uma abordagem qualitativa dos dados, recorrendo-se aos documentos: matrizes curriculares e projetos pedagógicos de (7) cursos de Pedagogia presenciais de uma universidade multi campi do Estado do Ceará. No leque das pesquisas qualitativas a opção foi pela base teórica de Bourdieu centrada na posição metodológica denominada conhecimento praxiológico. A análise dos documentos evidencia a necessidade de compreensão da formação relacionada à força do habitus, em que se articulem os saberes relacionados aos campos pedagógicos e científicos, ou seja, conhecimentos didáticos e de pesquisa, com vistas a fortalecer a formação científica e/ou curricular e maior articulação da dimensão teoria/prática do curso.
Palavras-Chave: Formação docente. Pesquisa e Didática. Currículo.
EVOLUÇÃO DA PESQUISA EM EDUCAÇÃO NÃO-FORMAL E DIVULGAÇÃO CIENTÍFICA NO BRASIL: UM META-ESTUDO
Authors: Brás Varanda Marques Joana , De Freitas Denise 
Published: December 2018

Neste artigo apresentamos um meta-estudo sobre a pesquisa em educação não-formal e divulgação científica no Brasil. Essas são áreas cuja importância tem crescido nas últimas décadas mas que, por outro lado, não estão ainda consolidadas. Os próprios conceitos envolvidos são ambíguos e a pesquisa está dispersa por várias áreas e veículos de difusão. Por meio da análise de revisões da literatura publicadas na área, nos propomos a integrar os resultados encontrados e contribuir com o delineamento de um retrato das pesquisas nessas temáticas, analisando suas tendências e evolução. Nossa análise confirma que as pesquisas sobre educação não-formal e divulgação científica cresceram nas últimas décadas no Brasil, mas no entanto os números ainda são baixos. O principal veículo de publicação ainda são os congressos e os estudos em museus são a área mais abrangida por esses trabalhos.
Palavras-Chave: Revisão da literatura. Educação não-formal. Divulgação científica.
O ENSINO DE MATEMÁTICA AOS ALUNOS COM DEFICIÊNCIA INTELECTUAL: UMA CONCEPÇÃO DOS PROFESSORES
Authors: Costa Ailton Barcelos da , Aniceto Grabriela , Aguiar Graziele Thomasinho de 
Published: December 2018

As habilidades matemáticas são importantes para proporcionar uma vida autônoma para as pessoas. Porém, seu ensino tem sido um desafio para crianças em geral, incluindo crianças com deficiência. A presente pesquisa investigou a concepção de professores sobre o ensino de matemática aos alunos com deficiência intelectual, tendo sua coleta de dados realizada por meio da aplicação de um questionário a 32 professores de matemática, via rede social e e-mail. A análise dos dados foi feita de forma qualitativa com categorização das respostas em cinco eixos. Os resultados mostraram a necessidade dos professores de terem mais informações para trabalhar com esse público por meio de formação inicial ou continuada. Os impactos dessa ausência foram explicitados no receio à inclusão do aluno com deficiência intelectual no ensino regular, acesso e preparação de materiais para esses alunos para o ensino de matemática.
Palavras-chave: Deficiência intelectual. Ensino de Matemática. Concepção de professores.
Anglo-Saxon Advertising: The Search for Sound
Authors: Allen Matthew 
Published: December 2018

Anglo-Saxon poetry may seem quite distant to English language learners; however, it all depends on the purpose for which it is used in the classroom. In the activity described in this article, students are asked to listen carefully to the sound of spoken words, and then apply two powerful patterns of discourse in their writing: alliteration and alternation; this after reading and debating examples. Created by intuition and need, and developed through trial and error, Anglo-Saxon Advertising quickly became a cornerstone of the introductory British literature course for university students of English as a second language (ESL). As a further part of the process of applying this teaching tool, it was found that this type of classroom activity is supported by current international research on the didactics of English as a second language (Boers, Lindstromberg & Eyckmans, 2012; Eyckmans & Lindstromberg, 2017). In retrospect, the use of stimulating traditional literature in an English as a Second Language teaching environment raises fundamental questions about the importance of creativity in the classroom (Tsui, 2003), the need for a contemporary curriculum (Xie, 2014), the combination of language and literature (Zitlow, 2004), and the use of multiple modes of instruction (Traore & Kyei-Blankson, 2011)...
On Photocatalytic Activity of Systems of Titania/(Fe (II, III))-Type in Aqueous Suspensions
Authors: Gorbunova V. A. , Sliapniova L. M. 
Published: December 2018

. The photocatalytic activity of three systems, promising for chemical water purification technologies, was experimentally compared, based on a combination of titanium dioxide/(Fe(II, III)), applying to the model oxidation reaction of methylorange organic dye in an aqueous medium. Herewith the cases of photocatalytic systems were investigated, which are based on: a) titania hydrosol obtained by hydrolysis of titanium isobutylate; b) a similar hydrosol with addition of Fe(III) ions; c) suspension of ilmenite powder based on FeTiO3. As a result of the investigation, the increase of the rate of destruction of methylorange by more than two times was found in the system with the introduction of a small amount of iron ions into initial suspension of the TiO2 hydrosol (at the obtaining a medium with the Fe3+ concentration up to 3.7 × 10–5 M). In the photocatalytic system, based on the suspension of pretreated (with suphation and calcination) ilmenite powder, enough high photocatalytic activity (the degree of methylorange decomposition up to 77 %) was measured but at a higher exposure than for the case of systems based on the TiO2 hydrosol. For the photocatalytic systems of the type being investigated, a possible mechanism of increasing their oxidative activity was briefly considered, which requires an additional physico-chemical analysis.
Long Term Assessment of the Quality of Visual-related Daily Activities after ICL (V4C) Implantation for Myopia and Myopic Astigmatism
Authors: Linghu Shaorong , Liu Taixiang , Liao Yilu , Shi Rong , Pan Le 
Published: December 2018

Abstract
Background: The purpose of the study was to evaluate long-term quality of visual related daily activities after Central Hole Collamer Lens implantation to treat myopia and myopic astigmatism.
Methods: This retrospective study included 46 eyes (23 patients) receiving an ICL-V4c implantation. The follow up time was at least 24 m. Uncorrected visual acuity (UCVA), best corrected visual acuity (BCVA), refraction, eye axis, intraocular pressure, endothelial cell density (ECD), vault, and the patients’ satisfaction related to vision related daily activities were recorded at 6 m and 24 m.
Results: The mean spherical equivalents were -0.14 ± 0.21 D and -0.12 ± 0.33 D at 6 m and 24 m after surgery, respectively. UCVA of all eyes were equal to or better than preoperative BCVA. The BCVA at 6 m and 24 m after implantation were -0.03 ± 0.08 LogMAR, and −0.03 ± 0.11 LogMAR, respectively, which was statistically better (P = 0.031) than that of pre-operation value of 0.07 ± 0.12 LogMAR. There was no significant differences (P > 0.05) between the pre operation and post operation ECD.At 24 m post operation, 10% of the patients complained of difficulty driving at night, but most of patient had satisfactory or very satisfactory vision-related daily activity scores. Some patients, 13%, were worried about the long-term safety and efficacy of the V4c-ICL implantation.
Conclusions: Patients were very satisfied with their vision related daily activities after V4c-ICL implantation. With time, some patients worried about the permanent safety and efficacy.
Anticoagulants as more effective secondary prevention for embolic stroke of undetermined source: retrospective cohort study
Authors: Sakakura Yuya , Homma Yoichiro , Arakawa Tomoya , Tanaka Tokutaro 
Published: December 2018

Abstract
Background:
Whether anticoagulants or antiplatelets are more effective for secondary stroke prevention for embolic stroke of undetermined source (ESUS) remains unknown. These two treatments were compared retrospectively.
Methods:
Of 779 acute ischemic stroke inpatients between January 2012 and December 2014 in our stroke center, 110 patients met our ESUS criteria were compared. Antiplatelets were used in 81 patients, and anticoagulants were used in 29. ESUS criteria by Hart et al., except for extracranial atherosclerosis, were used. In all patients, intracranial magnetic resonance angiograms were obtained, and the infarct was diagnosed with positive diffusion studies. The primary outcome was recurrence-free survival. Score-tests for the hazard ratio assumption and for covariate effects in the Cox proportional hazard model were performed. To estimate hazard ratios, a likelihood ratio test and the Kaplan-Meier method and log-rank test were used. This study protocol was approved by the Institutional Review Board of the hospital.
Results:
The mean follow-up period was 84.0±65.5 weeks, and 14 patients treated with antiplatelets and one treated with anticoagulants developed recurrent ischemic stroke. The antiplatelet group had a significantly higher risk of recurrence than the anticoagulant group (p=0.0293, likelihood ratio 0.144, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.019-1.096). Multivariate analysis also showed a similar result (p=0.013, likelihood ratio -1.94, 95% CI: 0.01-0.72, respectively).
Conclusions:
These findings suggest that anticoagulants are more effective than antiplatelets for secondary stroke prevention for ESUS patients, although this was a non-randomized, single-center, retrospective analysis with a small sample size. Further studies are needed to accumulate enough evidence.
Mowing Pattern and Clip of the Reel Have Limited Effects on Green Speed of Ultradwarf Bermudagrass Putting Greens
Authors: Strunk William D. , Dickson Kyley H. , Sorochan John C. 
Published: December 2018

Core Ideas
Backtrack mowing produced the fastest green speeds compared with all other treatments.
Shortening the clip of the reel or mowing in multiple directions removes more sand topdressing than standard mowing practices.
Mowing patterns or clip of the reel had no visual effect on plant health.
Preferential Flow in Different Soil Architectures of a Small Karst Catchment
Authors: Wang Fa , Chen Hongsong , Lian Jinjiao , Fu Zhiyong , Nie Yunpeng 
Published: December 2018

Core Ideas
Macropores and cracks are preferential channels in karst depression and downslope locations
Heterogeneity of soil property results in finger flow in karst mid‐ and upslope locations
High Ks and soil layering weaken preferential flow in mid‐ and upslope locations
Preferential flow degree and infiltration rate can be independent in karst regions
In karst regions, soil architecture varies along topographical locations, resulting in marked differences in infiltration rates. However, the relationship between soil architecture and preferential flow (PF) is still unclear. In this study, dye tracing was used to investigate PF and the dominant effects of five types of soil architecture in a small karst catchment. These soil architectures included deep clay soil in farmland (CSF) and deep clay soil in shrubland (CSS) in the depression; shallow clay soil with minimally weathered, slanted bedrock on downslope locations (CSWD); shallow sandy loam soil with highly weathered bedrock on midslope locations (SLSM); and sandy loam soil with rock fragments on upslope locations (SLSU). The results showed that macropores and cracks were the major channels that resulted in a high degree of PF in depressions and downslope locations. Preferential flow also continued along the rock–soil interface in the downslope locations. Finger flow mainly appeared in mid‐ and upslope locations, and cracks mainly appeared in the surface soil layer. However, down‐ and upslope locations showed lower PF. We observed that PF might not contribute to the different infiltration rates in different topographical locations. Tillage in depressions damages macropores, thereby minimizing vertical percolation. The high saturated hydraulic conductivity (Ks) of the soil matrix covered the development of PF in the mid‐ and upslope locations, and the decrease in Ks weakened the formation of PF as a result of heterogeneity of soil properties. These findings demonstrate that infiltration‐excess runoff may occur in depressions and downslope locations and that saturation‐excess runoff may occur in mid‐ and upslope locations.
Interdisciplinary Geo‐ecological Research across Time Scales in the Northeast German Lowland Observatory (TERENO‐NE)
Authors: Heinrich Ingo , Balanzategui Daniel , Bens Oliver , Blasch Gerald , Blume Theresa , Böttcher Falk , Borg Erik , Brademann Brian , Brauer Achim , Conrad Christopher , Dietze Elisabeth , Dräger Nadine , Fiener Peter , Gerke Horst H. , Güntner Andreas , Heine Iris , Helle Gerhard , Herbrich Marcus , Harfenmeister Katharina , Heußner Karl-Uwe , Hohmann Christian , Itzerott Sibylle , Jurasinski Gerald , Kaiser Knut , Kappler Christoph , Koebsch Franziska , Liebner Susanne , Lischeid Gunnar , Merz Bruno , Missling Klaus Dieter , Morgner Markus , Pinkerneil Sylvia , Plessen Birgit , Raab Thomas , Ruhtz Thomas , Sachs Torsten , Sommer Michael , Spengler Daniel , Stender Vivien , Stüve Peter , Wilken Florian 
Published: December 2018

Core Ideas
TERENO‐NE investigates the regional impact of global change.
We facilitate interdisciplinary geo‐ecological research.
Our data sets comprise monitoring data and geoarchives.
We are able to bridge time scales from minutes to millennia.
The Northeast German Lowland Observatory (TERENO‐NE) was established to investigate the regional impact of climate and land use change. TERENO‐NE focuses on the Northeast German lowlands, for which a high vulnerability has been determined due to increasing temperatures and decreasing amounts of precipitation projected for the coming decades. To facilitate in‐depth evaluations of the effects of climate and land use changes and to separate the effects of natural and anthropogenic drivers in the region, six sites were chosen for comprehensive monitoring. In addition, at selected sites, geoarchives were used to substantially extend the instrumental records back in time. It is this combination of diverse disciplines working across different time scales that makes the observatory TERENO‐NE a unique observation platform. We provide information about the general characteristics of the observatory and its six monitoring sites and present examples of interdisciplinary research activities at some of these sites. We also illustrate how monitoring improves process understanding, how remote sensing techniques are fine‐tuned by the most comprehensive ground‐truthing site DEMMIN, how soil erosion dynamics have evolved, how greenhouse gas monitoring of rewetted peatlands can reveal unexpected mechanisms, and how proxy data provides a long‐term perspective of current ongoing changes.
Effect of Air‐ and Water‐Filled Voids on Neutron Moisture Meter Measurements of Clay Soil
Authors: Bagnall Dianna K. , Crespo Gutierrez Pilar M. , Yimam Yohannes Tadesse , Morgan Cristine L.S. , Neely Haly L. , Ackerson Jason P. 
Published: December 2018

Core Ideas
Bulk density changes caused large uncertainties in neutron moisture meter calibrations.
Air‐ or water‐filled annuli around access tubes simulated voids to measure error.
Error magnitude depended on void size and contrast between soil and void water content.
Experimental results showed much smaller errors than previous numerical simulations.
Larger voids reduced sensitivity of neutron moisture meter to soil water content.
Air‐ and water‐filled voids around neutron moisture meter (NMM) access tubes have been cited as sources of volumetric water content (θv) measurement error in cracking clay soils. The objectives of this study were to experimentally quantify this potential error stemming from (i) uncertainty in bulk density (ρb) sampling and (ii) the impact of air‐ and water‐filled voids. Air‐ and water‐filled voids were simulated using ∼0.6‐cm (small) and ∼1.9‐cm (large) annuli around access tubes. After NMM measurements were taken in a tightly installed access tube, either a small or large annulus was installed in the same borehole. Additional NMM measurements were taken with the annulus filled with air, and then water and ρb and θv were measured. The RMSE of the NMM calibration using all 11 installations was 0.02 m3 m−3. However, if two cores were used for calibration, the ratio of NMM‐measured θv to in situ θv was significantly different (p < 0.05) from measured θv half the time (RMSE, 0.012–0.05 m3 m−3). Small air‐filled voids created drier estimates of θv (bias, −0.039 m3 m−3; p < 0.001), wherease small water‐filled voids were not significantly different from the calibration. Air‐ and water‐filled voids from larger annuli were significantly lower and higher (p < 0.001) than core‐measured θv, with biases of −0.068 and 0.080 m3 m−3, respectively. Although this work does not correct NMM‐predicted θv to matrix θv, it does bound NMM error under field conditions in a cracking clay soil.
TÜRKİYE’DE MİKRO KREDİLERİN KADINLARIN İŞ GÜCÜNE KATILIMI VE EKONOMİK BÜYÜME ÜZERİNDEKİ ETKİSİNİN ÖLÇÜMÜ
Authors: ALTUNÖZ Utku 
Published: December 2018

Türkiye
ekonomisinde öncelikli çözülmesi gereken sorunların başında kadınların
istihdama katılım oranlarındaki yetersizlik gelmektedir. Bu zamana kadar gerek
devlet tarafından gerekse özel sektör tarafından uygulanan kadın istihdamını
arttırıcı politikalara rağmen bu sorunun önüne geçilememiştir. Bu amaca yönelik
uygulamalardan biri de mikro kredilerdir. Kadınların iş gücüne katılımının
arttırılması ve yoksulluk sorunu ile mücadele noktasında mikro krediler dikkat
çekmektedir. Bu çalışmanın amacı, mikro
kredi uygulanmasının işlevini genel anlamda açıkladıktan sonra Türkiye’deki mikro
kredi uygulamalarının kadın istihdamı ve ekonomik büyüme üzerindeki etkisini ve
etkinliğini sınamaktır. Bu bağlamda çalışmada yoksullukla mücadelede ve
istihdam bağlamında Türkiye’de kullandırılan mikro kredilerin regresyon analizi
yapılmış olup modeldeki sonuçlara göre Türkiye’de kullandırılan kredideki 1
birimlik artış, kendi hesabına çalışan kadın sayısında 0.045 birimlik ve
ekonomik büyümede 0.05 birimlik artışa neden olmaktadır. ARDL sonuçlarına göre
reel gelirin uzun dönem esnekliği beklentiler doğrultusunda pozitif (0.00612)
olarak tahmin edilmiştir. Bu Sonuca göre Türkiye’de mikro kredilerde %1’lik
artış reel GSYH’yi %0,05 arttırmaktadır. Ayrıca yaklaşık 5,5 yıl gibi bir
sürede kısa dönemli sapmalar tekrar uzun dönem dengesine gelmektedir.
Synthesis and Anticancer Properties of Novel Truncated Carbocyclic Nucleoside Analogues
Authors: Sivakrishna Balija , Islam Sehbanul , Panda Amarendra , Saranya Maddi , Santra Manas K. , Pal Shantanu 
Published: December 2018

Background:
Modified nucleosides established a prime role as therapeutic drugs.

Objective:
Design and synthesis of novel truncated carbocyclic nucleoside with modified nucleobases and
evaluation of their anticancer properties.

Methods:
Novel truncated carbocyclic nucleoside analogues were synthesized from a versatile starting material
D-ribose. The synthetic route includes stereoselective Grignard reaction, Wittig olefination, ring closing metathesis,
double bond hydrogenation and Mitsunobu nucleobase condensation as the key steps. Cytotoxicity was
measured using MTT assay in breast cancer cell lines (MCF7 and MDA-MB-231), ovarian cancer cell lines
(IGROV1 and OVCAR8).

Result & Conclusion:

The synthesized compounds were characterized using spectroscopy techniques. The
synthesized compounds induced cytotoxicity in breast cancer cell lines (MCF7 and MDA-MB-231), ovarian
cancer cell lines (IGROV1 and OVCAR8) while minimal effect on primary cell line. Among the eight analogues,
1b and 1d showed the highest cytotoxicity effect and induced autophagy mode of cell death. These compounds
induced autophagy by inactivating AKT and mTOR pathway. In addition, PARP1 was found to be stabilized
upon treatment with compound 1b and 1d and is one of the known markers associated with induction of autophagy
through the AMPK/mTOR pathway after DNA damage. Taken together, these results suggest that compounds
1b and 1d inhibit cancer cell proliferation through mTOR inactivation-mediated induction of autophagy.
Diagnosis of Pulmonary Tuberculosis in Resource Limited Setting of Rawalpindi
Authors: Zahra Fatima , Ikram Aamer , Zaman Gohar , Satti Luqman , Lalani Farida , Khan Maria 
Published: December 2018

Introduction:Tuberculosis is an infectious disease with a high prevalence of about 9 million cases occurring annually. Ziehl Neelsen microscopy is the most widely used technique to detect Acid Fast Bacilli, but it is less sensitive. However, fluorescent microscopy is more helpful with simple diagnostic criteria. Gene Xpert®MTB/RIF assay is a rapid molecular assay that enables diagnosis of Tuberculosis with simultaneous detection of rifampicin resistance. Owing to this fact, we aimed at evaluating the diagnostic accuracy of Ziehl Neelsen microscopy, fluorescent microscopy and Xpert MTB/RIF keeping MTB culture (Mycobacterial Growth Indicator Tube) as a gold standard for the diagnosis of tuberculosis.Methodology:This study was carried out at a tertiary care hospital of Rawalpindi in the year 2016. Patients aged 18 to 70 years irrespective of gender with suspected TB based on history, clinical and radiological examination were included in the study. Respiratory clinical specimens including sputum, Broncho-Alveolar Lavage (BAL), and endobronchial washings were collected. Specimens were processed by MGIT (MTB culture), ZN microscopy, fluorescent microscopy and Gene Xpert MTB/RIF assay.Results:A total of 352 respiratory specimens were tested among which 160 (45%) samples were positive by culture. Out of culture positive samples, 158 samples (98.7%) were GeneXpert TB positive while 2 were negative. While only 49 (30.6%) were positive on ZN microscopy and 89 (55%) were positive on fluorescent microscopy. Out of the culture negative samples, 2 were positive with ZN microscopy, one was positive with fluorescent microscopy and 3 were positive on Gene Xpert. Sensitivity, specificity, Positive Predictive Value (PPV), Negative Predictive Value (NPV) and diagnostic accuracy of ZN Smear microscopy was 39%, 99.5%, 96%, 63% and 14.5% respectively. Sensitivity, specificity, PPV, NPV and diagnostic accuracy of fluorescent smear microscopy was 55% and 99.5%, 98%, 72% and 79% respectively. Sensitivity, specificity, PPV, NPV and diagnostic accuracy of Gene XPERT was 98% and 99%, 98%, 99% and 98% respectively.Conclusion:In countries like Pakistan where Tuberculosis is endemic, the diagnostic accuracy with highest sensitivity and specificity was Gene Xpert Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR) MTB/RIF assay which can help in well-timed diagnosis of the disease.