bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Effect of levodopa on electroencephalographic biomarkers of the parkinsonian state
Authors: Miller Andrew M. , Miocinovic Svjetlana , Swann Nicole C. , Rajagopalan Sheila S. , Darevsky David M. , Gilron Ro’ee , de Hemptinne Coralie , Ostrem Jill L. , Starr Philip A. 
Published: May 2019

The objective of this study was to evaluate proposed electroencephalographic (EEG) biomarkers of Parkinson’s disease (PD) and test their correlation with motor impairment in a new, well-characterized cohort of PD patients and controls. Sixty-four-channel EEG was recorded from 14 patients with rigid-akinetic PD with minimal tremor and from 14 age-matched healthy controls at rest and during voluntary movement. Patients were tested off and on medication during a single session. Recordings were analyzed for phase-amplitude coupling over sensorimotor cortex and for pairwise coherence from all electrode pairs in the recording montage (distributed coherence). Phase-amplitude coupling and distributed coherence were found to be elevated Off compared with On levodopa, and their reduction was correlated with motor improvement. In the Off medication state, phase-amplitude coupling was greater in sensorimotor contacts contralateral to the most affected body part and reduced by voluntary movement. We conclude that phase-amplitude coupling and distributed coherence are cortical biomarkers of the parkinsonian state that are detectable noninvasively and may be useful as objective aids for management of dopaminergic therapy. Several analytic methods may be used for noninvasive measurement of abnormal brain synchronization in PD. Calculation of phase-amplitude coupling requires only a single electrode over motor cortex. NEW & NOTEWORTHY Several EEG biomarkers of the parkinsonian state have been proposed that are related to abnormal cortical synchronization. We report several new findings in this study: correlations of EEG markers of synchronization with specific motor signs of Parkinson’s disease (PD), and demonstration that one of the EEG markers, phase-amplitude coupling, is more elevated over the more clinically affected brain hemisphere. These findings underscore the potential utility of scalp EEG for objective, noninvasive monitoring of medication state in PD.
Predicting an individual’s dorsal attention network activity from functional connectivity fingerprints
Authors: Osher David E. , Brissenden James A. , Somers David C. 
Published: May 2019

The cortical dorsal attention network (DAN) is a set of parietal and frontal regions that support a wide variety of attentionally demanding tasks. Whereas attentional deployment reliably drives DAN activity across subjects, there is a large degree of variation in the activation pattern in individual subjects. We hypothesize that a subject’s own idiosyncratic pattern of cortical DAN activity can be predicted from that subject’s own unique pattern of functional connectivity. By modeling task activation as a function of whole brain connectivity patterns, we are able to define the connectivity fingerprints for the frontal and parietal DAN, and use it to predict a subject’s characteristic DAN activation pattern with high accuracy. These predictions outperform the standard group-average benchmark and predict a subject’s own activation pattern above and beyond predictions from another subject’s connectivity pattern. Thus an individual’s distinctive connectivity pattern accounts for substantial variance in DAN functional responses. Last, we show that the set of connections that predict cortical DAN responses, the frontal and parietal DAN connectivity fingerprints, is predominantly composed of other coactive regions, including regions outside of the DAN including occipital and temporal visual cortices. These connectivity fingerprints represent defining computational characteristics of the DAN, delineating which voxels are or are not capable of exerting top-down attentional bias to other regions of the brain. NEW & NOTEWORTHY The dorsal attention network (DAN) is a set of regions in frontoparietal cortex that reliably activate during attentional tasks. We designed computational models that predict the degree of an individual’s DAN activation using their resting-state connectivity pattern alone. This uncovered the connectivity fingerprints of the DAN, which define it so well that we can predict how a voxel will respond to an attentional task given only its pattern of connectivity, with outstanding accuracy.
Effects of Proton Pump Inhibitor on the Distribution of Helicobacter pylori and Associated Gastritis in Patients with Gastric Atrophy
Authors: Gong Eun Jeong , Kim Do Hoon , Ahn Ji Yong , Na Hee Kyong , Jung Kee Wook , Lee Jeong Hoon , Choi Kee Don , Song Ho June , Lee Gin Hyug , Jung Hwoon-Yong , Park Yangsoon , Kim Min-Ju 
Published: May 2019

Background/Aims: Acid suppression therapy is thought to be associated with the topography of Helicobacter pylori and associated gastritis, leading to corpus-predominant gastritis. This study was aimed to investigate the influence of proton pump inhibitor (PPI) treatment on the distribution of H. pylori and associated gastritis in patients with atrophic change. Methods: Patients who underwent endoscopic resection for gastric neoplasms and received PPI for 2 months were prospectively analyzed. Biopsy specimens were obtained from 5 areas in the stomach before, during, and after the treatment with PPI. Histological examination was ­performed using the updated Sydney system, and ­bacterial density of H. pylori was further graded by immunohistochemistry (ClinicalTrials.gov registration number NCT02449941). Results: A total of 15 patients were analyzed, of whom 7 had H. pylori infection. The degree of activity and inflammation were greater in patients with H. pylori infection than in those without H. pylori infection. During the PPI treatment, the density of H. pylori decreased not only in the antrum but also in the corpus. The degree of activity and inflammation improved significantly in the antrum, particularly in the presence of H. pylori infection, while the corpus gastritis was not affected by PPI use. Atrophy and intestinal metaplasia remained unchanged in both regions of the stomach. The observed changes reverted following the discontinuation of PPI treatment. Conclusion: PPI treatment decreased H. pylori both in the antrum and the corpus in patients with atrophic gastritis. Antral gastritis improved during PPI treatment, whereas no changes were found in the corpus.
Risk Factors for Primary Arteriovenous Fistula Dysfunction in Hemodialysis Patients: A Retrospective Survival Analysis in Multiple Medical Centers
Authors: Wen Maowan , Li Zheng , Li Jun , Zhou Wen , Liu Yu , Liu Hong , Chen Guochun 
Published: May 2019

<b><i>Background:</i></b> Arteriovenous fistula (AVF) is the preferred vascular access for hemodialysis (HD). However, primary AVF dysfunction represents a major barrier to the long-term success of HD therapy. This study aims to analyze the variables that influence the incidence of first AVF failure in HD patients. <b><i>Methods:</i></b> From January 2012 to October 2016, a total of 100 HD subjects from 43 medical centers were enrolled for a retrospective survival analysis of AVF dysfunction. To diminish the potential influence of surgeon experiences, the same operation group in Second Xiangya Hospital performed all studied AVF placements. This study focuses on a Chinese population of idiopathic glomerular disease to avoid the secondary influence of other systemic diseases, including diabetes, hypertension, and autoimmune disorder. AVF dysfunction was defined as lower blood flow during dialysis (≤200 mL/min) or insufficiency of HD treatment caused by reduced blood flow. <b><i>Results:</i></b> Among all enrolled subjects, the incidence of AVF dysfunction due to impatency was 27% (<i>n</i> = 27) with a cumulative survival of 84.0, 73.1, and 71.6% in 6, 12, and 24 months of post-placement. AVF survival ­analysis revealed a higher incidence of AVF failure in females (<i>p</i>= 0.025) and elderly (<i>p</i> = 0.031) patients. Importantly, AVF dysfunction markedly increased in subjects with higher levels of platelets (PLTs; <i>p</i> = 0.024), severe anemia (<i>p</i> = 0.014), and extended temporary catheter retention (<i>p</i> = 0.020). Further multivariate Cox regression analysis confirmed these variables as independent risk factors for first AVF dysfunction. Meanwhile, no significant difference could be observed according to the levels of body mass index, serum albumin, serum calcium, serum phosphorus, prothrombin time, and activated partial thromboplastin time. Lastly, anti-coagulant treatments seemed to barely influence the outcomes of AVF survival in this study. <b><i>Conclusion:</i></b> These findings suggest that primary AVF dysfunction in HD patients is associated with gender, ageing, PLT counting number, hemoglobin level, and retention time of temporary catheter.
КОНСТЕЛЯЦІЯ БІОХІМІЧНИХ ТА ФІЗИЧНИХ МАРКЕРІВ ФУНКЦІОНАЛЬНОГО СТАНУ ОРГАНІЗМУ ХВОРИХ НА ІНФАРКТ МІОКАРДА З РІВНЯМИ СИСТОЛІЧНОГО І ДІАСТОЛІЧНОГО АРТЕРІАЛЬНОГО ТИСКУ ТА МОЖЛИВІСТЬ ЇХ ВИКОРИСТАННЯ У ПРОЦЕСІ РЕАБІЛІТАЦІЇ
Authors: Levytska L. V. 
Published: May 2019

Вступ. Надання повноцінної медичної допомоги хворим на інфаркт міокарда (ІМ) з коморбідною патологією (КП) на фоні артеріальної гіпертензії залишається складною медичною проблемою, якої на сьогодні не вирішено.
Мета дослідження – вивчити особливості клінічного перебігу інфаркту міокарда з коморбідною патологією залежно від рівнів систолічного та діастолічного артеріального тиску, виявити ранні маркерні й лімітуючі параметри функціональних показників організму та стратифікаційні ризики для контролю за ефективністю реабілітаційного процесу в цієї категорії пацієнтів.
Методи дослідження. Обстежено 371 хворого на інфаркт міокарда віком (66,2±10,4) року. В 93,8 % обстежених було виявлено супутню патологію. Вивчено основні функціональні показники стану організму хворого на ІМ з КП та їх зв’язок із систолічним (САТ) і діастолічним артеріальним тиском (ДАТ), а також з показниками толерантності до фізичного навантаження.
Результати й обговорення. Було встановлено пряму кореляцію між рівнями САТ у гострий період ІМ та тривалістю анамнезу артеріальної гіпертензії (r=0,130; P=0,040), товщиною задньої стінки лівого шлуночка (r=0,189; P<0,001), фракцією викиду лівого шлуночка (r=0,275; P<0,0001) і розміром аорти (r=0,228; P<0,0001). Існував також достовірий прямий зв’язок між рівнями ДАТ і товщиною задньої стінки лівого шлуночка (r=0,130; P=0,022), розміром аорти (r=0,172; P=0,002), розміром лівого передсердя (r=0,188; P=0,001), фракцією викиду лівого шлуночка (r=0,210; P<0,001), а також рівнями креатиніну крові (r=0,119; P=0,023). Виявлений достовірний обернений зв’язок між рівнями САТ/ДАТ і пароксизмом фібриляції передсердь, кардіогенним шоком, набряком легень та аневризмою лівого шлуночка може свідчити про виснаження гемодинамічних резервів, знижених внаслідок гострого ішемічного ушкодження міокарда.
Висновки. Показники САТ/ДАТ у гострий період ІМ є ранніми прогностичними маркерами біохімічних, морфологічних та гемодинамічних змін у хворих на ІМ з КП, адекватно відображають загальний функціональний стан пацієнта і серцево-судинні ризики, тому їх необхідно моніторувати в процесі реабілітації. Рівень креатиніну в таких пацієнтів має достовірний прямий зв’язок з показниками ДАТ у гострий період ІМ та морфологічними змінами серцевого м’яза, тому його можна успішно використовувати як маркер системного гемодинамічного контролю на етапах кардіореабілітації.
On the genus Typhlopolycystis Karling, 1956 (Platyhelminthes, Kalyptorhynchia, Polycystididae), with data on the five known species and the description of eleven new species
Authors: SCHOCKAERT ERNEST R. , MOONS PATRICIA , JANSSEN TOON , TESSENS BART S. , REYGEL PATRICK C. , REVIS NATHALIE , JOUK PHILIPPE E. H. , WILLEMS WIM R. , ARTOIS TOM J. 
Published: May 2019

An overview is given of all representatives of the genus Typhlopolycystis Karling, 1956: the five known species (T. coeca Karling, 1956; T. mediterranea Brunet, 1965; T. coomansi Schockaert and Karling, 1975; T. schockaerti Karling, 1978 and T. rubra Noldt and Reise, 1985) and eleven new species: T. microphthalma n. sp. from S. France, T. fonsecai n. sp. and T. maikoni n. sp. from Brazil, T. norenburgi n. sp. and T. leasiae n.sp from the Pacific coast of Panama, T. pluvialiae n. sp. from Lanzarote (Canary Islands, Spain), T. riegeri n. sp. from Tanzania, T. tahitienis n. sp. from French Polynesia, T. australiensis n. sp. from South Australia, T. sarda n. sp. from Sardinia (Italy), the S. of France and from Lanzarote, and T. errata n. sp. from Sardinia (Italy). We consider T. limicola Schilke, 1970 as a species inquirenda of which no type material exists. Finally, some comments are given on the distribution of the genus of which representatives have been found in almost all places that have been sampled world wide.
Estimation of Melting-Layer Cooling Rate from Dual-Polarization Radar: Spectral Bin Model Simulations
Authors: Carlin Jacob T. , Ryzhkov Alexander V. 
Published: May 2019

AbstractDiabatic cooling from hydrometeor phase changes in the stratiform melting layer is of great interest to both operational forecasters and modelers for its societal and dynamical consequences. Attempts to estimate the melting-layer cooling rate typically rely on either the budgeting of hydrometeor content estimated from reflectivity Z or model-generated lookup tables scaled by the magnitude of Z in the bright band. Recent advances have been made in developing methods to observe the unique polarimetric characteristics of melting snow and the additional microphysical information they may contain. However, to date no work has looked at the thermodynamic information available from the polarimetric radar brightband signature. In this study, a one-dimensional spectral bin model of melting snow and a coupled polarimetric operator are used to study the relation between the polarimetric radar bright band and the melting-layer cooling rate. Simulations using a fixed particle size distribution (PSD) and variable environmental conditions show that the height and thickness of the bright band and the maximum brightband Z and specific differential phase shift are all sensitive to the ambient environment, while the differential reflectivity is relatively insensitive. Additional simulations of 2700 PSDs based on in situ observations above the melting layer indicate that the maximum Z, , and within the melting layer are poorly correlated with the maximum cooling rate while is strongly correlated. Finally, model simulations suggest that, in addition to riming, concurrent changes in aggregation and precipitation intensity and the associated cooling may plausibly cause observed sagging brightband signatures.
Headache attributed to cranial venous sinus stenting: A case series and literature review
Authors: Su Hui , Li Baomin , Wang Jun , Tian Chenglin , Cao Xiangyu , Du Zhihua , Liu Xinfeng , Liu Ruozhuo , Yu Shengyuan 
Published: May 2019

Background The diagnostic criteria for headache attributable to cranial venous sinus stenting were first formalized in the recently published third edition of the International Classification of Headache Disorders (ICHD-3). However, the diagnostic criteria for headache caused by cranial venous sinus stenting are based on very few data and the condition is poorly characterized. Objectives To validate the diagnostic criteria for cranial venous sinus stenting headache by retrospectively studying the characteristics of headache in patients with isolated pulsatile tinnitus who underwent curative cranial venous sinus stenting and who had not previously complained of headache. Patients and methods We retrospectively studied clinical, radiological, and manometric data from patients with isolated venous pulsatile tinnitus who had not previously reported headache. All patients underwent lateral sinus stenting in our institution between October 2010 and February 2018. Results Forty eight patients, 47 females and one male, were enrolled. The mean age at symptom onset was 36.2 ± 8.7 years and the mean body mass index was 24.0 ± 3.2 kg/m2. Lateral sinus stenosis was evident in 47 patients and a sigmoid diverticulum in one. Fourteen patients experienced headaches after recovering from general anesthesia. All were female, with a mean age of 35.5 ± 9.6 years. Headache persisted for less than 3 days in six patients (42.8%); for 3 days to 3 months in four (28.6%); and for longer than 3 months in four (28.6%). The headaches were located on the same sides as the cranial venous sinus stents in 13 patients (92.9%) and were principally occipital, being oppressive in nine patients (64.3%) and of moderate intensity in seven (50%). Age at onset of pulsatile tinnitus and body mass index were significantly associated with headache ( p < 0.05; t-test). Conclusion To the best of our knowledge, this is the first study to describe cranial venous sinus stenting headache in detail. We found that de novo headache developed after cranial venous sinus stenting, and was usually mild to moderate, unilateral, but oppressive; almost one-third of such headaches persisted for more than 3 months. Researchers and clinicians must become familiar with this headache spectrum; further prospective studies are required.
Methods, transparency and reporting of clinical trials in orthodontics and periodontics
Authors: Papageorgiou Spyridon N , Antonoglou Georgios N , Martin Conchita , Eliades Theodore 
Published: May 2019

Objective: The aim of this study was to explore the methods, reporting and transparency of clinical trials in orthodontics and compare them to the field of periodontics, as a standard within dentistry. Design/setting: Cross-sectional bibliographic study Methods: A total of 300 trials published in 2017–2018 and evenly distributed in orthodontics and periodontics were selected, assessed and analysed statistically to explore key aspects of the conduct and reporting of orthodontic clinical trials compared to trials in periodontics. Results: Several aspects are often neglected in orthodontic and periodontic trials and could be improved upon, including use of statistical expertise (22.3% of assessed trials), blinding of outcome assessors (62.3%), prospective trial registration (12.0%), adequate sample size calculation (35.7%), adherence to CONSORT (14.3%) and open data sharing (4.3%). The prevalence of statistically significant findings among orthodontic and periodontic trials was 62.3%, which was significantly associated with several methodological traits like statistician involvement (odds ratio [OR] = 0.5; 95% confidence interval [CI] = 0.3–0.9), blind outcome assessor (OR = 0.5; 95% CI = 0.2–1.0), lack of prospective trial registration (OR = 2.8; 95% CI = 1.3–5.9) and non-adherence to CONSORT (OR = 4.5; 95% CI = 1.3–15.8). Conclusions: Although trials in orthodontics seem to be significantly worse compared to periodontics in aspects like trial registration, adherence to CONSORT and declaration of competing interests or financial support, their methods do seem to have improved considerably in recent years.
Time course of lymphocyte repopulation after dimethyl fumarate-induced grade 3 lymphopenia: contribution of patient age
Authors: Briner Myriam , Bagnoud Maud , Miclea Andrei , Friedli Christoph , Diem Lara , Chan Andrew , Hoepner Robert , Salmen Anke 
Published: May 2019

Background: Dimethyl fumarate (DMF) is licensed for treatment of relapsing–remitting multiple sclerosis (RRMS). DMF can induce lymphopenia, which is assumed to increase the risk for opportunistic infections like progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy. Our goal for this work was to estimate the frequency of grade 3 lymphopenia in DMF-treated patients with RRMS and to characterize patient-sided factors influencing the time course of lymphocyte repopulation after DMF withdrawal. Material and methods: A single-center retrospective data analysis was performed at University Hospital Bern, Switzerland. Patients with DMF treatment were analyzed for lymphocyte counts. Demographic factors were statistically analyzed in grade 3 lymphopenic patients. Results: We estimated a grade 3 lymphopenia frequency of 11/246 (4.5%), corroborating previous studies. In all patients, lymphocytes recovered to values ⩾800/µl within 0.5 years. Multivariate linear regression analysis unmasked older age as being associated with a longer duration of repopulation. Conclusion: Considering the aging population, our findings warrant further investigations of DMF-induced lymphopenia.
Apparent diffusion coefficient and tumor volume measurements help stratify progression-free survival of bevacizumab-treated patients with recurrent glioblastoma multiforme
Authors: Buemi Francesco , Guzzardi Giuseppe , Del Sette Bruno , Sponghini Andrea P , Matheoud Roberta , Soligo Eleonora , Trisoglio Alessandra , Carriero Alessandro , Stecco Alessandro 
Published: May 2019

Background The aim of this study was to determine whether apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC) bi-component curve-fitting histogram analysis and volume percentage change (VPC) prior to bevacizumab treatment can stratify progression-free survival (PFS) and overall survival (OS) in patients with glioblastoma multiforme (GBM) on first recurrence. Methods We retrospectively evaluated 17 patients with recurrent GBM who received bevacizumab and fotemustine ( n = 13) or only bevacizumab ( n = 4) on first recurrence at our institution between December 2009 and July 2015. Both T2/FLAIR abnormalities and enhancing tumor on T1 images were mapped to the ADC images. ADC-L and ADC-M values were obtained trough bi-Gaussian curve fitting histogram analysis. Furthermore, the study population was dichotomized into two subgroups: patients displaying a reduction in enhancing tumor volume of either >55% or <55% between the mean value calculated at baseline and first follow-up. Subsequently, a second dichotomization was performed according to a reduction in the T2 / FLAIR volume >41% or <41% at first check after treatment. OS and PFS were assessed using volume parameters in a Cox regression model adjusted for significant clinical parameters. Results In univariate analysis, contrast-enhanced (CE)-ADC-L was significantly predictive of PFS ( p = 0.01) and OS ( p = 0.03). When we dichotomized our sample using the 55% cut-off for enhancing tumor volume, CE-VPC was able to predict PFS ( p = 0.01) but not OS ( p = 0.08). In multivariate analysis, only the CE-ADC-L was predictive of PFS ( p = 0.01), albeit not predictive of OS ( p = 0.14). CE-ADC-M, T2/FLAIR-ADC-L, T2/FLAIR-ADC, and T2/FLAIR VPC were not significantly predictive of PFS and OS ( p > 0.05) in both univariate and multivariate analysis. Conclusions CE-ADC and CE-VPC can stratify PFS for patients with recurrent glioblastoma prior to bevacizumab treatment.