bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Scientific publications of European neurologists: a survey commissioned by the European Academy of Neurology
Authors: Cruccu G. , Deuschl G. , Federico A. 
Published: April 2018

Background and purposeBibliometric searches may provide an indirect assessment of research in a field or country. The European Academy of Neurology decided to investigate how article production was developing in European countries, as an indicator of neurological vitality.MethodsWe searched two databases, Scopus and PubMed, for articles published by authors belonging to neurological institutions in all European countries, the USA, Brazil, China and Japan. The search assessed production in the period between 2000 and 2015. We calculated four indicators, i.e. gross neurological product (GNP) (which includes all articles published in any indexed journal), production in top neurological journals, GNP per inhabitant and GNP per gross domestic product.ResultsAll indicators greatly increased over time. The European GNP paralleled that of the USA and was higher than those of the other countries. Restricting the search to top neurological journals showed that, since 2012, European production grew faster than that of the USA. Germany had the highest production within Europe, Switzerland had the best ratio between GNP and inhabitants, and The Netherlands had the best ratio between GNP and gross domestic product.ConclusionsAlthough this search had several limitations, the results were so straightforward that we can conclude that European neurology is highly active in the world. Future analyses should compare neurology with other main medical disciplines.
Effects of Lactobacillus buchneri isolated from tropical maize silage on fermentation and aerobic stability of maize and sugarcane silages
Authors: Silva L. D. , Pereira O. G. , Silva T. C. , Leandro E. S. , Paula R. A. , Santos S. A. , Ribeiro K. G. , Valadares Filho S. C. 
Published: April 2018

AbstractThis study was aimed to perform a screening of Lactobacillus buchneri strains from maize silage and use them as inoculant in maize and sugarcane silages. In all, 151 lactic acid bacteria (LAB) strains were isolated from whole‐plant maize silage, and their identification was based on the sequence analysis of 16S rDNA. In total, 15 strains were categorized to the L. buchneri group and eight of these were selected based on growth rate and fermentation pattern. The selected strains were evaluated on fermentation and aerobic stability of maize and sugarcane silages. For maize, the inoculated silages had lower pH and higher LAB population, but lower acetic acid concentration in comparison with the untreated control silage. For sugarcane silage, the strains 56.1, 56.4 and 40788 resulted in highest dry‐matter (DM) content and lowest DM losses. However, only the strain 40788 showed lowest counts of yeasts and moulds. Sugarcane silages inoculated with the strains 56.9, 56.26 and the untreated control silage showed highest concentrations of lactic acid and ethanol, besides the great DM losses. Even so, for both crops, the aerobic stability was not affected by inoculation. After air exposure, all silages increased temperature and had high population of yeast and moulds. Nevertheless, the strains 56.1 and 56.4 are promising for use as a silage inoculant.
Can the Land Use Master Plan Control Urban Expansion and Protect Farmland in China? A Case Study of Nanjing
Authors: Shao Zinan , Spit Tejo , Jin Zhifeng , Bakker Martha , Wu Qun 
Published: April 2018

AbstractUrbanization represents a challenge for plans aimed at controlling urban expansion and protecting farmland, such as the land use master plan (LUMP) instituted by the Chinese national government. This paper studies the effectiveness of such top–down plans under the authoritarian regime through the case study of Nanjing. In contrast to previous studies that compare actual and planned land‐use maps, we compare actual and planned land‐use patterns. We use land‐use change data to examine spatio‐temporal land‐use change between the years 1997 and 2014. The results indicate that the actual amount of urban‐rural built‐up land exceeded planned regulatory amount by 50,185 ha and the total farmland was 70,541 ha less than the target outlined in the LUMP (1997–2010). Based on these results, and the fact that the allowed total urban‐rural built‐up land had already been surpassed in 2014, it is to be expected that the target of farmland protection outlined in the LUMP (2006–2020) will be broken, signaling the ineffectiveness of the plan to control urban expansion and protect farmland. Plan‐led developments (e.g., new towns, development zones) and market forces (e.g., housing market, foreign direct investment) explain these developments. This study indicates that when cities embrace “growth‐led” development and entrepreneurial governance, the ability of plans to control urban expansion and protect farmland is severely limited.
The Changing Geography of Domestic Financial City Network in China, 1995–2015
Authors: Zhao Jinli , Zhang Xuebo , Song Jinping 
Published: April 2018

AbstractBased on longitudinal office distribution data on top domestic financial enterprises, this study explores the evolution of China's financial city network in the last two decades by means of a social network analysis. The position of each city in financial city network is evaluated from two aspects which are external financial resources attraction and headquarters financial development based, respectively, on urban weighted indegree and urban weighted outdegree. Taking these two aspects together, the top echelons of the financial city network can be regarded as potential national or regional financial centers. Furthermore, by means of a panel data regression analysis, determining factors of financial city network evolution are explored from perspectives of location, institution, and social‐economy. We find that most cities have witnessed significant changes in city position, especially in terms of external financial resources attraction, and the influencing factors of financial development vary by region due to the disparities in regional financial development environments.
Using climatic variables to estimate dry matter production in the grazing stratum of Piatã palisadegrass
Authors: Brandao Virginia L. N. , Rocha Gabriel O. , Chizzotti Fernanda H. M. , Silva Alex L. , Marcondes Marcos I. 
Published: April 2018

AbstractThe modeling of pasture production could be used as a tool to make the process of working with increasingly erratic precipitation and temperature patterns resulting from climate change easier and more accurate. This study aimed to define models to determine dry matter, leaf and stem production associated with climatic variables for Palisadegrass (Brachiaria brizantha cv. Piatã) in the grazing stratum. Four treatments were established to provide the greatest variability throughout the experiment, consisting of two light interception percentages as cutting criteria (95 and 100%) and two residue heights (15 and 20 cm). Data were collected between January 2012 and December 2013. Dry matter production day−1 (DMPd), leaf production day−1 (LPd) and stem production day−1 (SPd) were regressed against 13 climatic variables. The variables were also corrected by multiplying each variable by the relationship: real evapotranspiration/potential evapotranspiration. The backward procedure was used to determine significant variables to estimate production; then a multiple regression was fitted. When the corrected variables presented better Akaike's Information Criterion (AIC), they replaced the original variables. The analysis showed that climate variables are adequate to estimate DMPd, LPd and SPd in palisadegrass cv. Piatã, and the models should significantly contribute to pasture management across tropical regions.
Influence of portlandite on Pyrex glass dissolution and the formation of alkali‐silica chemical reaction products
Authors: Noguchi Natsumi , Morinaga Yuka , Kajio Tomohiro , Yogarajah Elakneswaran , Nawa Toyoharu 
Published: April 2018

AbstractThe dissolution behavior of Pyrex glass in a model system consisting of 1‐M NaOH with varying amounts of portlandite, representing the glass dissolution in alkaline environment and alkali‐silica reaction (ASR) in cementitious materials, is studied. The Pyrex glass dissolution and the reaction products were characterized using X‐ray diffraction (XRD), 29Si nuclear magnetic resonance (29Si‐NMR), and scanning electron microscopy with energy dispersive X‐ray (SEM/EDX), and the silica and calcium concentrations in the liquid phase were determined using inductively coupled plasma atomic emission spectroscopy (ICP‐AES). The experimental results show that the dissolution of the Pyrex glass continued until it consumed the portlandite and then reached a constant rate, with a linear relationship with the amount of portlandite. The absence of calcium and reduction of silica concentration in the liquid phase with the increase in portlandite indicate the formation of high‐reaction products with portlandite, confirmed by XRD and 29Si‐NMR. The calcium sodium silicate hydrate (C–N–S–H) and sodium silicate hydrate (N–S–H) are the main ASR products; their composition and proportions strongly depend on the reaction time and the amount of portlandite added. A thermodynamic model, which couples geochemical code (PHREEQC) and the experimental silica dissolution rate, was used to predict ASR products and the remaining portlandite. The simulation results predicted the experimental data fairly well for different portlandite additions. The mechanism for Pyrex glass dissolution in the presence of varying portlandite additions is discussed with regard to experimental data and simulation results.
Interaction between lead‐free multicomponent alkali borosilicate glass frits and hematite in red overglaze enamels
Authors: Inada Hirofumi , Okazaki Yuki , Yokoyama Tadanori , Takaishi Taigo , Fujii Tatsuo , Takada Jun , Asoh Hidetaka , Hashimoto Hideki 
Published: April 2018

AbstractJapanese traditional red overglaze enamel decorations on porcelain known as akae are produced using lead‐containing frits, leading to a problem of lead release. Although many lead‐free frits have been developed, a well‐colored akae has not yet been realized, mainly because of no information on the reaction between lead‐free frits and hematite during the heating process in akae production. To reveal the effect of such interaction between the frits and hematite in akae on the color tone, various akae test pieces were prepared and investigated. On using low‐melting‐point lead‐free alkali borosilicate glass system, which contain zinc oxide, the formation of zinc ferrite proceeds simultaneously with the dissolution and particle growth of hematite in the frit melt. The particle growth rate due to dissolution and precipitation in the frit melt is faster than that due to sintering of particles caused by heat treatment of hematite powder in dry process. The dissolving capacity and promoting effect of particle growth depended on frit compositions. We also showed that the composition of akae glass layer varies because of ions diffusing from the glaze layer. Compositional changes in the akae glass could strongly affect the reactivity between the frits and hematite, resulting in variation in the color tone, the crystal phases formed, and their segregated states.
Behavioral Economics: A New Lens for Understanding Genomic Decision Making
Authors: Moore Scott Emory , Ulbrich Holley H. , Hepburn Kenneth , Holaday Bonnie , Mayo Rachel , Sharp Julia , Pruitt Rosanne H. 
Published: April 2018

AbstractPurposeThis article seeks to take the next step in examining the insights that nurses and other healthcare providers can derive from applying behavioral economic concepts to support genomic decision making. As genomic science continues to permeate clinical practice, nurses must continue to adapt practice to meet new challenges. Decisions associated with genomics are often not simple and dichotomous in nature. They can be complex and challenging for all involved.DesignThis article offers an introduction to behavioral economics as a possible tool to help support patients’, families’, and caregivers’ decision making related to genomics.MethodsUsing current writings from nursing, ethics, behavioral economic, and other healthcare scholars, we review key concepts of behavioral economics and discuss their relevance to supporting genomic decision making.FindingsBehavioral economic concepts—particularly relativity, deliberation, and choice architecture—are specifically examined as new ways to view the complexities of genomic decision making. Each concept is explored through patient decision making and clinical practice examples. This article also discusses next steps and practice implications for further development of the behavioral economic lens in nursing.ConclusionsBehavioral economics provides valuable insight into the unique nature of genetic decision‐making practices.Clinical RelevanceNurses are often a source of information and support for patients during clinical decision making. This article seeks to offer behavioral economic concepts as a framework for understanding and examining the unique nature of genomic decision making. As genetic and genomic testing become more common in practice, it will continue to grow in importance for nurses to be able to support the autonomous decision making of patients, their families, and caregivers.
Stem cell‐like populations and immunoregulatory molecules in periodontal granulation tissue
Authors: Apatzidou D. A. , Nile C. , Bakopoulou A. , Konstantinidis A. , Lappin D. F. 
Published: April 2018

Background and ObjectivesDetermine the presence of mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) in healthy periodontal tissue and periodontal granulation tissue (GT) and explore associations between immuno‐regulatory molecules and selected subgingival microorganisms.Material and MethodsMesenchymal stem cells were isolated, propagated and characterised by flow cytometry from a region of healthy gingival tissue and inflamed GT of 10 systemically healthy non‐smokers with chronic periodontitis. Tissue levels of immunoregulatory molecules were determined by qPCR and Gingival Crevicular Fluid (GCF) levels by ELISA. Subgingival plaque levels of periodontal pathogens were determined by qPCRResultsCells with MSC‐properties were isolated from both inflamed GT and healthy gingival (G) tissue. A pro‐inflammatory process predominated in GT which was partly reflected in GCF and putative periodontal pathogens were higher at diseased sites. However, there was no significant difference in surface levels of mesenchymal (CD90, CD73, CD146, CD271, STRO‐1), endothelial (CD105, CD106), hematopoietic (CD34, CD45) and embryonic (SSEA‐4) stem cell markers between MSCs isolated from GT and G tissue.ConclusionPeriodontal lesions, albeit inflamed, retain healing potential as inferred by the presence of MSC‐like cells with similar immunophenotypic characteristics to those found in healthy periodontal tissue. Therefore, there might be merits for healing in preserving sufficient GT in‐situ during periodontal surgery.
Influence of 3 calcium channel blockers on gingival overgrowth in a population of severe refractory hypertensive patients
Authors: Vidal F. , de Souza R. C. , Ferreira D. C. , Fischer R. G. , Gonçalves L. S. 
Published: April 2018

ObjectiveThe aim of the current study was to assess the association between 3 different calcium channel blockers (CCBs) (nifedipine, amlodipine and felodipine) and gingival overgrowth in patients with a diagnosis of severe refractory hypertension.MethodsOne hundred and sixty‐two patients with severe refractory hypertension, taking CCBs, were selected. Gingival overgrowth was graded and periodontal measurements were recorded (probing pocket depth, clinical attachment level, plaque index and bleeding on probing). Unconditional multivariable binary logistic regression analyses were performed to assess the association between CCB intake and gingival overgrowth after adjusting for potential confounders.ResultsOf the 162 patients, 26 (16.0%) were current smokers and 101 (62.3%) were females. The mean age (SD) was 54.1 (8.5) years and the median age (range) 52.5 (39‐78) years. Gingival overgrowth was observed in 55 patients (34.0%). Nifedipine was the most common medication (35.2%; 57 of 162). The results of multiple binary logistic regression showed statistically significant associations between CCB intake (exposure) and gingival overgrowth (outcome) after adjusting for the variables treatment time with antihypertensive and plaque index. Patients with gingival overgrowth were 2.5 (odds ratio = 2.46; 95% confidence interval: 1.04‐5.82) and 4.0 (odds ratio = 3.90; 95% confidence interval: 1.47‐10.35) times more likely to be taking nifedipine and amlodipine, respectively, than patients without gingival overgrowth. On the other hand, this significant association was not observed for felodipine.ConclusionNifedipine and amlodipine, but not felodipine, were associated with gingival overgrowth in patients with severe refractory hypertension.
Legacy of historical litter raking in temperate forest plant communities
Authors: Vild Ondřej , Šipoš Jan , Szabó Péter , Macek Martin , Chudomelová Markéta , Kopecký Martin , Suchánková Silvie , Houška Jakub , Kotačka Martin , Hédl Radim 
Published: April 2018

AbstractQuestionEuropean temperate forests have been managed for millennia, and this management has left a long‐lasting legacy in soil chemistry and plant species composition and diversity. One of the most common practices was the raking of leaf litter, which was used as bedding for farm animals. We asked, what is the legacy of historical litter raking for contemporary forest plant communities?LocationCzech Republic.MethodsWe explored the effect of historical litter raking on species richness and diversity of the forest herbaceous layer. We also tested whether long‐term soil acidification and nutrient depletion caused by litter raking were reflected in Ellenberg indicator values for nutrients and soil reaction and in the higher abundance of specialists of acidophilous forest types. We used written historical evidence to identify areas where litter raking was practised in the 19th century. We analysed the differences between vegetation plots located in areas affected and unaffected by the past litter raking. Our analysis included almost 2,500 vegetation plots recorded between 1980 and 2015.ResultsLitter raking was historically practised in a striking 85% of forested townships. Although litter raking had no significant effect on overall species richness, we found significant differences of diversity patterns among forest types. Historically raked plots were taxonomically more similar. We found no difference in the mean Ellenberg indicator values for soil reaction and nutrients between the affected and unaffected plots, and only a weak positive response of selected herb species of acidophilous forests.ConclusionsWe provide the first empirical evidence of the historical litter‐raking legacy in forest communities on a large scale. Despite its historical frequency, we found only a weak legacy of historical litter raking in present‐day plant communities. Future studies could potentially use other, finer‐scale methods in smaller territories to complement our results.
Genetic identification of factors for extracellular cellulose accumulation in the thermophilic cyanobacterium Thermosynechococcus vulcanus: proposal of a novel tripartite secretion system
Authors: Maeda Kaisei , Tamura Jyunya , Okuda Yukiko , Narikawa Rei , Midorikawa Takafumi , Ikeuchi Masahiko 
Published: April 2018

SummaryCells of the thermophilic cyanobacterium Thermosynechococcus vulcanus strain RKN (NIES‐2134) aggregate and produce extracellular cellulose under induced conditions of blue light and low temperature, and both aggregation and cellulose production require the cellulose synthase Tll0007 (XcsA) and photosensory diguanylate cyclases. However, overexpression of both the cellulose synthase and a constitutively active diguanylate cyclase was not sufficient to induce cellulose‐mediated cell aggregation under normal growth conditions. Synteny analysis and gene knockout revealed that two putative genes, hlyD‐like tlr0903 (xcsB) and endoglucanase‐like tlr1902 (xcsC), are linked to tll0007, although they are located apart from tll0007 in the T. vulcanus genome. Gene knockdown revealed that tlr1605 (tolC) was essential for the cellulose‐mediated cell aggregation. Low temperature induced marked upregulation of tlr0903, and overexpression of both tlr0903 (but not tlr1902) and diguanylate cyclase resulted in the strong cell aggregation and cellulose accumulation under normal conditions. Based on these and phylogenetic analysis, we propose that the cyanobacterial extracellular cellulose production is due to a novel variant of the bacterial tripartite secretion system.
Detection of distant metastasis and prognostic prediction of recurrent salivary gland carcinomas using 18F‐FDG PET/CT
Authors: Lee Sang Hun , Roh Jong‐Lyel , Kim Jae Seung , Lee Jeong Hyun , Choi Seung‐Ho , Nam Soon Yuhl , Kim Sang Yoon 
Published: April 2018

AbstractObjectiveTo compare the diagnostic accuracy of 18F‐FDG PET/CT and conventional contrast‐enhanced CT for the re‐staging of recurrent salivary gland carcinoma (SGC).Materials and MethodsThis study included 58 consecutive patients who underwent recurrent SGCs after definitive treatment. The recurrences were evaluated by 18F‐FDG PET/CT and contrast‐enhanced CT of the neck and chest. McNemar's test was used to compare the diagnostic accuracy of 18F‐FDG PET/CT with standard neck and chest CT imaging, and a Cox proportional hazards model was used to assess the prognostic value of PET/CT.ResultsOf 58 patients with recurrent SGCs, 17 (29%) had a local recurrence, 17 (29%) had a regional recurrence, and 38 (66%) had a distant metastasis, with these classifications showing overlap. The sensitivity and accuracy of 18F‐FDG PET/CT for the detection of distant metastases were significantly higher than those of CT (p < 0.05), whereas, for detection of loco‐regional recurrences, they did not differ (p > 0.1). The 18F‐FDG PET/CT‐positive findings at distant sites were predictors of poor progression‐free and overall survival outcome (all p < 0.05).Conclusions18F‐FDG PET/CT is a more effective method than CT for detecting distant site recurrences of SGC. This may lead to prognostic prediction for recurrent SGCs.