bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
APLIKASI MOL GAMAL PADA PERTUMBUHAN DAN PRODUKSI PADI SAWAH METODE SRI (System of Rice Intensification)
Authors: Paulus Jeanne M. , Najoan Jemmy , Supit Paula C. 
Published: July 2019

ABSTRACT The aim of the research was to studied the application of gliricidia MOL on the growth and yield of lowland rice in the SRI method, and to get the best time of gliricidia MOL application on the growth and production of lowland rice. Field research has been conducted in Tara-Tara II Village, West Tomohon Subdistrict for five months starting from June 2017 until November 2017. Treatment in the experiment consists of one treatment factor, that was interval time of gliricidia MOL application, ie : 0, 5 , 10, 15, and 20 days. The results showed that time application of gliricidia MOL have an effect on the number of productive tillers, the number of filled grain/panicle, the number of empty grain/panicle, and the dry grain yield (GKP) / plot, but not affect the plant height. The best results were achieved in gliricia MOL application on interval time every 15 days with a values were : 28.66 productive tillers; 176.90 fillet grain/panicle; 19.80 empty grain/panicle (lowest); and 9.50 kg dry grain yield or equivalent to 7.92 ton/ha.Keywords: gliricidia MOL, production, lowland rice, System of Rice Intensification (SRI)
SISTEM AGROFORESTRI DATARAN TINGGI DAN DATARAN RENDAH KABUPATEN MINAHASA SELATAN PROVINSI SULAWESI UTARA
Authors: Suli Andreas A.T. , Husain Jailani , Walangitan Hengki D. 
Published: July 2019

ABSTRACT South Minahasa Regency have a topography that varied from lowland to highland. Until now there has been no research on differences in the performance of agroforestry systems of lowland and highland agroecological zones. The purposes of this study were to analyze the diversity of plant species and to estimate the biomass amount of agroforestry systems at lowland and highland agroecological zones. The research was carried out from October to December 2017 at two different agroecological zones, namely; the highland (Mokobang Village) and the lowland (Blongko Village). The results showed that there were 21 plant species at lowland having 4 plant species in average, while 30 plant species were found in the highland with 6 plant species in average. The biomass of 0.25 to 13.11 Mg ha-1 with an average of 3.47 Mg ha-1 was found at lowland, whereas the highland contained 0.34 to 98.65 Mg ha-1 with an average of 27.40 Mg ha-1 biomass. It is concluded that in South Minahasa Regency the highland agroforestry system had more plant species and had more carbon sequestration than that of lowland.Keywords : agroforestry, highland zone, lowland zone
IDENTIFIKASI JENIS SERANGGA HAMA DAN TINGKAT KERUSAKAN PADA Diospyros Celebica Bakh.
Authors: Mokodompit Hendra S. , Pollo H. N. , Lasut M. T. 
Published: July 2019

ABSTRACT Diospyros celebica Bakh is luxury wood which is endemic to Sulawesi. The Environment and Forestry Research and Development Istitute of Manado is implementing an ex situ conservation of D. celebica through planting it in The Arboretum since 2012. The D. celebica stand at the BP2LHK Arboretum in Manado was attacked by insects on the leaves, the leaf part is gnawed from the edge to the vein and midrib. The purpose of this study is to identify the types of insects which is pest to leaves of D celebica and calculate the level of damage caused. The study was conduct on the plot of D. celebica stands by census observation. Two types of insects were identified, namely leaf cutting bees (Megachile sp) and caterpillars from the order of Lepidoptera. The main insects that damage the leaves of D. celebica is leaf-cutting bee (Megachile sp) because this insect has no natural predators. The caterpillars of the order lepidóptera have a number of natural predators, such as Pycnonotus aurigaster, Centropus bengalensis, Phaenicophaeus calyorhynchus, Hypothymis azurea, and Oecophylla smaragdina. The results showed that the frequency of insect attacks on D. celebica leaves was 97.44%, there are 38 of 39 plant observed were attacked by insect. The intensity of insect attacks on stands of D. celebica is 11.54%, this result shows that pest control in stands is not yet necessary, since of the intensity of the attack is including minor damage.Keywords: insect, pests, Diospyros celebica Bakh., Intensity of damage
Pengaruh Hedonic Shopping Motives dan Promosi Penjualan Terhadap Impulse Buying Konsumen di Matahari Department Store Manado Town Square
Authors: Poluan Florensia Jovita , Tampi Johny R. E. , Mukuan Danny D. S. 
Published: July 2019

This study is to determine: partial influence of Hedonic Shopping Motives on Impulse Buying; Partial influence of Sales Promotion on Impulse Buying; simultaneous influence of Hedonic Shopping Motives and Sales Promotions on Impulse Buying. Type of Research is quantitative research. The sample that used in this research were 100 respondents who were consumers in Matahari Department Store Manado Town Square. The sampling technique using is probability sampling and the method that using is purposive sampling. Methods of data collection by questionnaire. Data analysis using is multiple linear regression. The results showed that: There is significant partial effect of Hedonic Shopping Motives on Impulse Buying. There is no partial effect of Sales Promotions on Impulse Buying. There is simultaneous effect between Hedonic Shopping Motives and Sales Promotions on Impulse Buying. Based on the result, it shows that Matahari Department Store Manado Town Square management can use the hedon motivation from their consumer to increase their sales. The company should increase their sales promotion to get consumer attention and to make compete ability in Indonesia retail business
Gelatin Ikan: Sumber, Komposisi Kimia dan Potensi Pemanfaatannya
Authors: Agustin Agnes Triasih 
Published: July 2019

Gelatin bagi Industri di Indonesia permintaan semakin meningkat, karena gelatin ini banyak dimanfaatkan pada industri farmasi, pangan dan non pangan. Permintaan meningkat untuk industry dapat dilihat dari adanya impor pada tahun 2002 dari 2.144 ton menjadi 6.233 ton pada tahun 2003, sewdangkan statistik pada januari- desmber 2009, pemerintah mengimpor gelatin sebesar 3.124.255 kg dengan nilai impor mencapai US$ 16.741.918. Gelatin ini diimpor dari Negara China, Jepang, Jerman, Perancis da Australia. Gelatin yang dimpor oleh pemerintah hamper 90% yang digunakan, adapun gelatin impor diketahui diproduksi dengan bahan baku kulit babi, kulit sapid an tulang sapi. Gelatin dari ikan adalah hasil hidrolisa protein yang terdapat pada tulang ikan , kulit ikan.
KARAKTERISTIK SIFAT FISIKA KIMIA KARAGINAN RUMPUT LAUT Kappaphycus alvarezii PADA BERBAGAI UMUR PANEN YANG DIAMBIL DARI DAERAH PERAIRAN DESA ARAKAN KABUPATEN MINAHASA SELATAN
Authors: Bunga Selvanda M , Montolalu Roike Iwan , Harikedua Johanna , Montolalu Lita ADY , Watung Alexander H , Taher Nurmeilita 
Published: July 2019

Rumput laut Kappaphycus alvarezii merupakan salah satu komoditas unggulan penghasil karaginan yang banyak dimanfaatkan dalam industri kertas, tekstil, fotografi, pasta dan pengalengan ikan. Karaginan dipakai dalam bebaragi industri karena berfungsi sebagai pengatur keseimbangan, bahan pengental, pembentuk gel, dan pengemulsi. Penelitian ini dilakukan dengan tujuan untuk mengetahui dan membandingkan sifat fisika kimia karaginan rumput laut dari berbagai umur panen, serta menentukan umur panen yang tepat. Penelitian dilakukan 2 tahap, tahap pertama penanaman rumput laut di daerah perairan desa Arakan dan diambil dalam waktu 0 (bibit), 10, 20, 30, 40 dan 50 hari. Dari hasil penelitian didapatkan bahwa rendemen karaginan tertinggi diperoleh dari perlakuan 20 hari (28,402%), kadar air terendah diperoleh pada hari ke 30 (13,76%), kadar abu terendah diperoleh pada hari ke 30 (16,19%), nilai viskositas terendah diperoleh pada hari ke 20 dan 50 (60 cps) dan kekuatan gel tertinggi diperoleh pada hari ke 50 (78,505 g/cm2). Karakteristik kimia untuk parameter kadar air, tidak memenuhi standard yang ditetapkan (12%) dan karakteristik fisika untuk parameter kekuatan gel juga belum memenuhi standard yang ditetapkan (900–1200 g/cm2). Hasil Penelitian ini, diharapkan bisa memberi informasi tentang kandungan fisika kimia karaginan yang terkandung dalam rumput laut dalam perannya di bidang industri perikanan dan kelautan.
KARAKTERISTIK ORGANIOLEPTIK OTAK-OTAK IKAN YANG DIBERI EDIBLE COATING KARAGINAN DENGAN PENAMBAHAN ASAP CAIR
Authors: Bariah Eka Irma Q , Berhimpon Siegfried , Mongi Eunike Louisje 
Published: July 2019

Edible coating is a new type of packaging made of biopolymer. The advantages of edible coating is enable to protect the food product, the original appearance of the product can be maintained and the product can be eaten as well as environmentally friendly. The study aim was to look at the organoleptic characteristics of fish cake coated with edible coating of carrageenan were given a liquid smoke. The treatments given were variation of carrageenan concentration i,e. 0%, 1%, 1,5%, 2%, 2,5%, 3%. The experiment was designed using a Completely Randomized Design (CRD). To determine the effect of treatments, the data were tested using organoleptical tests consists of hedonic and texture.The results shown that hedonic test of the appearance and color of the raw sample have significant effect (p>0,05), while the other test showed no significant effect (p>0,05). However, the organoleptical score for taste, smell and texture shown a tendency that the fish cake coated, have higher score than without coated. Keywords: Edible coating, Carrageenan, Fish cake, Liquid smoke.
ANALISA TOTAL BAKTERI PADA IKAN JAPUH (Dussumieria acuta C.V.) ASAP KERING YANG ADA DI PASAR TRADISIONAL TIMINTING MANADO
Authors: Awom Zakeus , Lohoo Helen Jenny , Ijong Frans Gruber 
Published: July 2019

Ikan Japuh (Dussumieria acuta C.V) asap kering dan termasuk jenis ikan yang bernilai ekonomis tinggi dan biasanya dipasarkan dalam bentuk ikan Kering, Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisa Kadar air, pH dan TPC dan untuk mengetahui total bakteri yang terdapat pada produk ikan Japuh asap kering, yang dipasarkan di pasar Tradisional Tuminting Kota Manado. Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah metode eksperimen. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa ikan Japuh asap kering kadar air berkisar 9,5–11%. pH 6,03–6,18, jumlah bakteri maksimum 1,0x105 sedangkan pengujian TPC ini relatif tinggi jumlah koloninya dibandingkan dengan SNI, sehingga dapat disimpulkan bahwa ikan Japuh asap kering tidak layak dikonsumsi apabila dilakukan pemanasan atau pemasakan terlebih dahulu. Ini kemungkinan oleh aspek lingkungan dimana ikan asap kering ini dibuat bahkan dalam proses pengolahan.Kata kunci: Ikan Japuh, Dussumieria acuta C.V, asap kering, kadar air, uji organoleptik, pasar tradisional.
KEBERADAAN MIKROBA PADA BAKSO IKAN ASAP CAIR, YANG DIKEMAS DALAM RETORTABLE POUCH, DIPASTEURISASI DAN DISIMPAN PADA TEMPERATUR RUANG
Authors: Rohana Margani Luyuani , Berhimpon Siegfried , Palenewen Joyce CV 
Published: July 2019

A research has been done to assess the presence of microbes and the shelf life of fish balls dipped in liquid smoke, packed in retortable pouch, pasteurized, and stored at room temperature. The method used in this research is an experimental method that revealed the facts based on existing problems through hypothesis testing. Parameters assessed are Total Plate Count (TPC), total Salmonella, total coliforms and E. coli, total vibrio, water content, and pH. Fish balls were pasteurized in 85ºC and stored in room temperature for 0, 3, 6, and 9 days, and were pasteurized at 100°C and storage in room temperature for 0, 9, 18, and 27 days. The results shown that all pathogen were negative, but based on Indonesian standard (SNI 01-7266-1-2006) especially TPC value, fish balls were packaged in retortable pouch and without pasteurized is no longer acceptable for consumption after 3 days of storage, and fish balls were packaged in retortable pouch and pasteurized at 85ºC no longer acceptable for consumed after 6 days of storage. While the fish balls are packaged in retortable pouch and pasteurized at 100°C is no longer acceptable for consumed after 18 days of storage.Keyword: Retortable Pouch, Pasteurization, Pathogens. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui keberadaan mikroba dan daya awet bakso ikan yang direndam dalam asap cair dan dikemas dalam Retortable pouch, dipasteurisasi, dan disimpan pada temperatur ruang. Metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah metode eksperimen untuk menguji hipotesa. Parameter yang diamati yaitu Angka Lempeng Total (ALT), Salmonella, total koliform dan E.coli, total vibrio, analisa kadar air, dan nilai pH. Bakso ikan asap cair yang dipasteurisasi pada 85ºC, disimpan pada temperatur ruang selama 0, 3, 6, dan 9 hari, dan yang dipasteurisasi pada 100ºC, disimpan pada temperatur ruang selama 0,9,18, dan 27 hari. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa bakso ikan yang dikemas dalam Retortable pouch, tanpa dipasteurisasi sudah tidak layak lagi untuk dikonsumsi setelah penyimpanan 3 hari, dan bakso ikan yang dikemas dalam Retortable pouch dan dipasteurisasi pada 85ºC sudah tidak layak lagi untuk dikonsumsi setelah penyimpanan 6 hari. Bakso ikan yang dikemas dalam Retortable pouch, dan dipasteurisasi pada 100ºC nanti tidak layak lagi dikonsumsi setelah penyimpanan 18 hari.Kata Kunci: Kemasan Retortable Pouch, Pasteurisasi, Patogen.
UJI MUTU IKAN CAKALANG (Katsuwonus pelamis-L) DAN IKAN TONGKOL (Euthynnus affinis) SEGAR DI TPI TUMUMPA SELAMA PENYIMPANAN DINGIN
Authors: Ekasari Desta , Suwetja I Ketut , Montolalu Lita ADY 
Published: July 2019

The skipjack tuna (Katsuwonus pelamis-L) or the locally known as Cakalang and the mackerel tuna (Euthynnus affinis) or tongkol as it known locally are the types of fishes that have high economic value. The aim of this research is to observe the decrease in freshness quality of the skipjack tuna and the mackerel tuna that have been stored for 14 days in a cool box with the temperature of 0–5ºC, with the supporting data based on The TVB-N analysis, organoleptic analysis and Miogobin value analysis. The results using the three testing procedures which are consists of TVB-N value, organoleptic value and Mioglobin value, indicated that the meat of the mackarel tuna have more faster rate of degradation than the skipjack tuna. Data from the result of TVB-N anova calculation proved that the type of fish have no influence on the TVB-N value, while the storage duration are very influential the TVB-N value. In data of organoleptic value the general impression of skipjack tuna and the mackerel tuna obtained from the anova calculated imply that the type of fish influence the appearance and texture but not with the eyes gills and odour . While the treatment of storage time are impacted greatly on the appearance, texture as well as gills and odour. Keyword: TVB-N, Organoleptic, Mioglobin. Ikan cakalang(Katsuwonus pelamis-L) dan ikan tongkol (Euthynnus affinis) merupakan salah satu jenis ikan yang mempunyai nilai ekonomi tinggi. Tujuan penelitian ini yakni untuk melihat kemunduran mutu kesegaran ikan cakalang dan ikan tongkol yang disimpan selama 14 hari dengan suhu 0–5ºC di cool box. Metode yang digunakan yaitu analisa TVB-N, analisa organoleptik dan analisa nilai Miogobin sebagai pendukung. Hasil analisa dengan tiga metode uji yaitu nilai TVB-N, nilai organoleptik dan nilai mioglobin, semuanya mengatakan bahwa daging ikan tongkol lebih cepat terdegradasi dibandingkan dengan ikan cakalang. Data hasil perhitungan anova TVB-N menyatakan bahwa jenis ikan tidak mempengaruhi kadar TVB-N sedangkan waktu lama penyimpanan sangat mempengaruhi tingkat kadar TVBN. Pada data nilai organoleptik kesan umum ikan cakalang dan ikan tongkol pada hasil perhitungan anova didapatkan jenis ikan mempengaruhi kenampakan dan tekstur tetapi tidak untuk mata, insang dan bau Sedangkan untuk perlakuan lama penyimpanan sangat mempengaruhi pada kenampakan, tekstur, insang, mata dan bau. Kata Kunci: TVB-N, Organoleptik, Mioglobin.
STUDI KEBERADAAN BAKTERI PATOGEN PADA IKAN KAYU (Katsuwobushi) YANG DIPROSES DENGAN ASAP CAIR
Authors: Pulu Emeliza Kondangduata , Dien Henny Adeleida , Kaparang Josefa Tety 
Published: July 2019

The problems in dried bonito flakes industry nowadays is the high contents of Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons (PAH) which is can act as carcinogenic agent. The aim of this study was to observe and detect the presence of pathogenic bacteria that may contaminate the dried bonito flakes. The tested parameters include Total Plate Count (TPC) analysis, detection of Coliform, Escherichia coli, Staphylococcus, Salmonella. The results showed that the early drying period had 1,3x104 cfu/g and the final drying had 3x103 cfu/g. There is no evidence of the presence of Escherichia coli, Staphylococcus, Salmonella.
KUALITAS IKAN CAKALANG (Katsuwonus pelamis L.) ASAP PADA BEBERAPA SENTRA PENGOLAHAN DI SULAWESI UTARA
Authors: Landangkasiang Agatha I. N. , Taher Nurmeilita , Kaparang Josefa Tety , Harikedua Silvana Dinaintang 
Published: July 2019

Skipjack tuna “fufu” is a typical North Sulawesi smoked fish. This product is very popular and caught the interest by local residents and domestic tourists. Up until now, there is no uniform quality of skipjack tuna fufu products in the market. The products of smoked fish varied in textures and salty flavors. It is indicated of the lack of processing standard of smoked skipjack which can be used as a benchmark for fish processors. The purpose of this research was to evaluate the quality of smoked skipjack produced by 5 different fish processors in North Sulawesi. Tests were carried out on salt content, moisture content, and sensory of saltiness and texture of fish. The result showed that the salt and moisture content of smoked skipjack obtained from 5 different processors still meet the Indonesian National Standard requirements. The organoleptic test shows a variety of panelist perception of saltiness and texture of smoked fish. Furthermore, there was a very weak correlation between the saltiness value and salt content (r = 0.132) and between the texture and moisture content (r = 0.187). Ikan cakalang fufu merupakan ikan asap khas Sulawesi Utara. Ikan ini semakin digemari dan diminati oleh penduduk lokal maupun wisatawan domestik. Sampai saat ini belum ada produk ikan cakalang fufu dengan mutu yang seragam di pasaran. Produk ikan asap yang dihasilkan memiliki tekstur yang beragam dan rasa asin yang bervariasi. Hal ini karena tidak adanya standard proses pengolahan ikan cakalang fufu yang dapat dijadikan patokan bagi pengolah ikan. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui kualitas ikan Cakalang asap yang dihasilkan oleh 5 tempat pengolahan berbeda di Sulawesi Utara. Pengujian dilakukan terhadap kadar garam, kadar air, dan uji organoleptik terhadap rasa asin dan tekstur ikan. Kadar garam dan kadar air ikan Cakalang asap dari 5 pengolah berbeda masih memenuhi Standar Nasional Indonesia. Uji organoleptik menunjukan bervariasinya penilaian panelis terhadap rasa asin dn tekstur ikan asap. Adanya korelasi yang sangat lemah antara nilai organoleptik rasa asin dan kadar garam (r = 0.132) maupun antara nilai organoleptik tekstur dan kadar air (r=0.187).
KOMPOSISI KIMIA, SENYAWA BIOAKTIF DAN ANKGA LEMPENG TOTAL PADA RUMPUT LAUT Gracillaria edulis
Authors: Musa Susanti , Sanger Grace , Dien Henny Adeleida 
Published: July 2019

This study was conducted to determine the proximate composition, bioactive compound and total plate count (TPC) in Gracilaria edulis seaweed. This research used descriptive explorative method. The results showed the average value of moisture content (77.7%); protein content (39.4%); fat content (8.1%); carbohydrates by difference (71.7%); ash content (20.7%) and very low bacterial count. Phytochemical test results show this seaweed contains alkaloids, saponins, flavonoids, and triterpenoids compounds. Penelitian ini dilakukan untuk mengetahui komposisi proksimat, senyawa bioaktif dan angka lempeng total (ALT) pada rumput laut Gracilaria edulis. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode penelitian deskriptif eksploratif. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan nilai rata-rata kadar air (77,7%); protein (39,4%); kadar lemak (8,1%); karbohidrat (71,7%); kadar abu (20,7%) dan jumlah bakteri yang sangat rendah. Hasil uji fitokimia menunjukkan rumput laut ini mengandung senyawa alkaloid, saponin, flavonoid, dan triterpenoid.
Early Outcomes of Coronary Artery Bypass Grafting in Patients with Low Ejection Fraction
Authors: Aly Aljunaidy Loay , Attia Husseen Mohammed , Abdelrazek Ali Ihab , Ahmed Gamal Mohammed , Farag Ahmed Mohammed , Mohamed Elshemy Ahmed , Ouf Ramadan Ibrahim 
Published: July 2019

Background: Patients with low ejection fraction (EF) are at a higher risk for postoperative complications and mortality. Our objective was to assess the effect of low EF (<40%) on early clinical outcomes after coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG) and to determine the predictors of mortality.
Methods: From June 2017 to February 2019, 170 consecutive patients underwent CABG. There were 120 patients with low EF (<40%; 37.49 ± 2.89%); 94 were men (78.3%), and the mean age was 55.83 ± 8.04 years. Fifty patients had normal EF (> 40; 57.90 ± 2.27 %), 41 were men (82.0%), and the mean age was 54.30 ± 7.01 years and used as a control group.
Results: Overall 30-day mortality was 10/120 patients (8.3%). Factors associated with higher mortality were females ( 70.0% vs. 17.3%, P<0.001); older age (61.40 ± 7.01 vs. 55.32 ± 7.97 years, P=0.025); diabetes mellitus (100% vs. 51.8%; P=0.003); longer cardiopulmonary bypass time (148.70 ± 40.12 vs. 108.49 ± 36.89 min; P=0.012); longer cross clamp time (88.19 ± 31.94 vs.64.77 ± 22.67 min; P=0.049), longer total operative time (6.82 ± 1.03 vs 5.38 ± 0.95 hours; P=0.001); intra-aortic balloon pump (IABP) insertion (90.0% vs. 10.9%; P<0.001); intra-operative complications (60% vs. 1.8%, P<0.001); ventricular tachycardia and ventricular fibrillation (30% and 50% vs. 4.5% and 5.5% respectively; P=0.002 for both); myocardial infarction (70% vs 11.8%, P<0.001), and lower postoperative ejection fraction (21.46 ± 1.93 vs 40.30 ± 8.19 %, P<0.001). In patients with low EF, postoperative NYHA and CCS angina class have improved compared to the preoperative levels (1.50 ± 0.61 vs. 3.31 ± 0.56; p< 0.001 and 1.38 ± 0.52 vs. 3.11 ± 0.55; p< 0.001 respectively)
Conclusion: Patients with low EF have a higher risk of morbidity and mortality; however, the clinical and echocardiographic parameters improve over time. Therefore, CABG remains a viable option in selected patients with low EF. Factors affecting our 30-days mortality were related to the severity of the disease.
Analytical Estimation of the Widths of Hadley Cells in the Solar System
Authors: Rees Karlie N. , Garrett Timothy J. 
Published: July 2019

Abstract
Analytical descriptions of the angular width of Earth’s Hadley cell show it to be related to the square root of the product of the tropospheric thickness and buoyancy frequency, and to the inverse square root of the angular velocity and planetary radius. Here, the applicability of this formulation is examined for other planetary bodies in the solar system. Generally, good consistency is found between predictions and observations for terrestrial planets provided the pressure scale height rather than the tropopause height is assumed to determine the thickness of the tropospheric circulation. For gas giants, the relevant thickness is deeper than the scale height, possibly due to the internal heat produced by Kelvin–Helmholtz contraction. On Earth, latent heat release within deep convection may play a similar role in deepening and widening the Hadley cell.