bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Examining the predictive accuracy of metabolomics for small-for-gestational-age babies: a systematic review
Authors: Leite Debora Farias Batista , Morillon Aude-Claire , Melo Júnior Elias F , Souza Renato T , McCarthy Fergus P , Khashan Ali , Baker Philip , Kenny Louise C , Cecatti Jose Guilherme 
Published: August 2019

IntroductionTo date, there is no robust enough test to predict small-for-gestational-age (SGA) infants, who are at increased lifelong risk of morbidity and mortality.ObjectiveTo determine the accuracy of metabolomics in predicting SGA babies and elucidate which metabolites are predictive of this condition.Data sourcesTwo independent researchers explored 11 electronic databases and grey literature in February 2018 and November 2018, covering publications from 1998 to 2018. Both researchers performed data extraction and quality assessment independently. A third researcher resolved discrepancies.Study eligibility criteriaCohort or nested case–control studies were included which investigated pregnant women and performed metabolomics analysis to evaluate SGA infants. The primary outcome was birth weight <10th centile—as a surrogate for fetal growth restriction—by population-based or customised charts.Study appraisal and synthesis methodsTwo independent researchers extracted data on study design, obstetric variables and sampling, metabolomics technique, chemical class of metabolites, and prediction accuracy measures. Authors were contacted to provide additional data when necessary.ResultsA total of 9181 references were retrieved. Of these, 273 were duplicate, 8760 were removed by title or abstract, and 133 were excluded by full-text content. Thus, 15 studies were included. Only two studies used the fifth centile as a cut-off, and most reports sampled second-trimester pregnant women. Liquid chromatography coupled to mass spectrometry was the most common metabolomics approach. Untargeted studies in the second trimester provided the largest number of predictive metabolites, using maternal blood or hair. Fatty acids, phosphosphingolipids and amino acids were the most prevalent predictive chemical subclasses.Conclusions and implicationsSignificant heterogeneity of participant characteristics and methods employed among studies precluded a meta-analysis. Compounds related to lipid metabolism should be validated up to the second trimester in different settings.PROSPERO registration numberCRD42018089985.
Reverse order method for teaching cataract surgery to residents
Authors: Malavazzi Gustavo Ricci , Lake Jonathan Clive , Soriano Eduardo Sone , Nose Walton 
Published: August 2019

ObjectiveTo implement a method to train residents in the performance of phacoemulsification surgery, with the steps completed in reverse chronological order and with the easiest step being undertaken first.Methods and analysisWe created a method for training ophthalmology residents in which we taught phacoemulsification surgery in a series of steps learnt in reverse order. Each resident advanced through the teaching modules only after being approved in the final step and then progressed to the complete performance of surgeries. We analysed the rates of complications in the 2 years after introducing the new method.ResultsThe new method allowed for a standardised approach that enabled replicated teaching of phacoemulsification regardless of instructor or student. After implementing the new method, residents performed 1817 phacoemulsification surgeries in the first year and 1860 in the second year, with posterior capsule rupture rates of 8.42% and 7.9%, respectively.ConclusionsTeaching residents to perform the steps of phacoemulsification in a standardised reverse order resulted in low rates of complications.
The natural course of IgG4-related ophthalmic disease after debulking surgery: a single-centre retrospective study
Authors: Ominato Jun , Oyama Tokuhide , Cho Hiroyuki , Shiozaki Naoya , Umezu Hajime , Takizawa Jun , Fukuchi Takeo 
Published: August 2019

ObjectiveThis study aimed to examine the natural course and relapse rate of IgG4-related ophthalmic disease (IgG4-ROD) after debulking surgery in Japanese patients.Methods and analysisThis retrospective review included patients with IgG4-ROD who did not undergo further treatment following debulking surgery. The patients were diagnosed between January 2009 and December 2018 at the Department of Ophthalmology and Pathology, Niigata University Medical and Dental Hospital. The main outcome measures included postoperative IgG4-ROD recurrence rate and differences between patients with and without recurrent disease.ResultsFifteen patients (six male, 9 female; 61.8±16.2 years) were included. Twelve patients (80.0%) had dacryoadenitis disease and three patients (20.0%) had orbital fat tissue disease. About 70%–100% of the lesion was resected in the debulking surgery and the pathological diagnosis was rendered. A definitive diagnosis was made in 13 cases (86.7%) and a probable diagnosis in 2 cases (13.3%). Patients were followed up for 39.0±25.5 months following operation. All patients had lesion volume reduction and patients with dacryoadenitis had eyelid swelling improvement after surgery. Two patients (13.3%) had disease recurrence and six patients (40.0%) had extraophthalmic lesions. There was no statistically significant difference in clinical features between relapsed and non-recurring cases.ConclusionWe observed a 13.3% relapse rate following debulking surgery in patients with IgG4-ROD who did not undergo further treatment. This rate is lower than the documented relapse rate of 30%–70% following oral prednisolone therapy. Therefore, debulking surgery may be a treatment option for IgG4-ROD.
Exome sequencing reveals a novel variant inNFX1causing intracranial aneurysm in a Chinese family
Authors: Ding Xinghuan , Zhao Sen , Zhang Qianqian , Yan Zihui , Wang Yang , Wu Yong , Li Xiaoxin , Liu Jian , Niu Yuchen , Zhang Yisen , Zhang Mingqi , Wang Huizi , Zhang Ying , Chen Weisheng , Yang Xin-Zhuang , Liu Pengfei , Posey Jennifer E , Lupski James R , Wu Zhihong , Yang Xinjian , Wu Nan , Wang Kun 
Published: August 2019

BackgroundGenetic risk factors play an important role in the pathogenesis of familial intracranial aneurysms (FIAs); however, the molecular mechanisms remain largely unknown.ObjectiveTo investigate potential FIA-causing genetic variants by rare variant interrogation and a family-based genomics approach in a large family with an extensive multigenerational pedigree with FIAs.MethodExome sequencing (ES) was performed in a dominant likely family with intracranial aneurysms (IAs). Variants were analyzed by an in-house developed pipeline and prioritized using various filtering strategies, including population frequency, variant type, and predicted variant pathogenicity. Sanger sequencing was also performed to evaluate the segregation of the variants with the phenotype.ResultsBased on the ES data obtained from five individuals from a family with 7/21 living members affected with IAs, a total of 14 variants were prioritized as candidate variants. Familial segregation analysis revealed thatNFX1c.2519T>C (p.Leu840Pro) segregated in accordance with Mendelian expectations with the phenotype within the family—that is, present in all IA-affected cases and absent from all unaffected members of the second generation. This missense variant is absent from public databases (1000genome, ExAC, gnomAD, ESP5400), and has damaging predictions by bioinformatics tools (Gerp ++ score = 5.88, CADD score = 16.43, MutationTaster score = 1, LRT score = 0). In addition, 840Leu in NFX1 is robustly conserved in mammals and maps in a region before the RING-type zinc finger domain.ConclusionNFX1c.2519T>C (p.Leu840Pro) may contribute to the pathogenetics of a subset of FIAs.
Mechanical thrombectomy in patients with acute ischemic stroke and ASPECTS ≤6: a meta-analysis
Authors: Cagnazzo Federico , Derraz Imad , Dargazanli Cyril , Lefevre Pierre-Henri , Gascou Gregory , Riquelme Carlos , Bonafe Alain , Costalat Vincent 
Published: August 2019

BackgroundIt is uncertain whether mechanical thrombectomy (MT) increases the probability of a good outcome (modified Rankin Scale (mRS) 0–2) in patients with Alberta Stroke Program Early CT Score (ASPECTS) 0–6.ObjectiveTo assess the impact of MT in patients with pretreatment ASPECTS 0–6.MethodsAccording to PRISMA guidelines, we performed a systematic search of three databases for series of patients with ASPECTS 0–6 treated by MT. Random-effects meta-analysis was used to pool the following: rate of mRS 0–2 at 3 months follow-up, symptomatic intracranial hemorrhage (sICH), and mortality rates.ResultsWe included 17 studies and 1378 patients with ASPECTS 0–6 (1194 MT, 184 medical management). The rate of mRS 0–2 was 30.1% and 3.2% after MT and medical management, respectively. MT gave higher odds of mRS 0–2 (OR 4.76, p=0.01). Patients with ASPECTS 6 and 5 had comparable rates of good outcome (37.7% and 33.3%, respectively). Overall, the rate of mRS 0–2 was 17.1% in patients with ASPECTS 0–4: 22.1% and 13.9% of patients with ASPECTS 4 and 0–3 were functionally independent, respectively. Successful recanalization (Thrombolysis in Cerebral Infarction grade 2b–3) gave higher odds of mRS 0–2 than unsuccessful reperfusion (OR 5.2, p=0.001). The MT group tended to have lower odds of sICH compared with the controls (OR 0.48, p=0.06). Patients aged <70 years had higher rates of mRS 0–2 than those aged >70 years (40.3% vs 16.2%).ConclusionsPatients with ASPECTS 0–6may benefit from MT. Successful reperfusion increases the probability of 3-month functional independence without increasing the risk of sICH. Patients with ASPECTS 5 and 6 have comparable outcomes. MT can still enable approximately one in four patients with ASPECTS 4 to be independent, whereas only 14% of subjects with ASPECTS 0–3 regain a good functional outcome.
The role of allopatric speciation and ancient origins of Bathynellidae (Crustacea) in the Pilbara (Western Australia): two new genera from the De Grey River catchment
Authors: Perina Giulia , Camacho Ana I. , Huey Joel , Horwitz Pierre , Koenders Annette 
Published: August 2019

The stygofaunal family of Bathynellidae, is an excellent group to study the processes that shape diversity and distribution, since they have unknown surface or marine relatives, high level of endemism, and limited dispersal abilities. Recent research on Bathynellidae in Western Australia (Pilbara) has uncovered new taxa with unexpected distributions and phylogenetic relationships, but the biogeographical processes that drive their diversification on the continent are still unclear. By exploring the diversity, distribution, and divergence time of Bathynellidae in a setting such as the perched and isolated aquifers of the Cleaverville Formation in the north of the De Grey River catchment (Pilbara), we aim to test the hypothesis that vicariance has shaped the distribution of this family, specifically if one or multiple vicariant events were involved. We analysed the specimens collected from perched water in different plateaus of the Cleaverville Formation, combining morphological and molecular data from mitochondrial and nuclear genes. We described two new species and genera (Anguillanella callawaensis gen. et sp. nov. and Muccanella cundalinensis gen. et sp. nov.), and two additional taxa are recognised using morphology and/or Automatic Barcode Gap Discovery and Poisson Tree Processes species delimitation methods. New genera and species result restricted to isolate perched aquifers on single plateaus and their distributions, phylogenetic relationships, and divergence time estimates support multiple vicariant events and ancient allopatric speciation.
The impact of language contact on the Quechua varieties of Northern Peru
Authors: Urban Matthias 
Published: August 2019

Abstract
Studies of language contact in the Central Andes of Peru and Bolivia have focused strongly on the present-day contact situation between Quechua and Spanish, and the intricate and multilayered contact relationship between the Quechua and Aymara lineages. There are fewer studies of the influence of Quechua on minor non-Quechua languages of the Andes, and still fewer studies which, conversely, explore the influence of non-Quechua languages on Quechua. Focusing on the lexicon, this article explores the impact of the complex linguistic ecology of Northern Peru on the five Quechua varieties of that region—Lambayeque, Cajamarca, Chachapoyas, San Martín and Ancash Quechua. The study identifies lexical items that lack clear Quechua etymologies in the relevant varieties and carries out external comparisons of these items with the vocabulary of the non-Quechua languages of Northern Peru to identify possible sources. Results show that borrowing is mostly localized: that is, whereas influence from Amazonian lowland languages is almost exclusively found in the eastern varieties of Chachapoyas and San Martín, highland Quechua varieties have typically borrowed from neighboring highland languages.
Feeling the Beat (and Seeing It, Too): Vibrotactile, Visual, and Bimodal Rate Discrimination
Authors: Villalonga Mercedes B. , Sussman Rachel F. , Sekuler Robert 
Published: August 2019

Abstract
Beats are among the basic units of perceptual experience. Produced by regular, intermittent stimulation, beats are most commonly associated with audition, but the experience of a beat can result from stimulation in other modalities as well. We studied the robustness of visual, vibrotactile, and bimodal signals as sources of beat perception. Subjects attempted to discriminate between pulse trains delivered at 3 Hz or at 6 Hz. To investigate signal robustness, we intentionally degraded signals on two-thirds of the trials using temporal-domain noise. On these trials, inter-pulse intervals (IPIs) were stochastic, perturbed independently from the nominal IPI by random samples from zero-mean Gaussian distributions with different variances. These perturbations produced directional changes in the IPIs, which either increased or decreased the likelihood of confusing the two pulse rates. In addition to affording an assay of signal robustness, this paradigm made it possible to gauge how subjects’ judgments were influenced by successive IPIs. Logistic regression revealed a strong primacy effect: subjects’ decisions were disproportionately influenced by a trial’s initial IPIs. Response times and parameter estimates from drift-diffusion modeling showed that information accumulates more rapidly with bimodal stimulation than with either unimodal stimulus alone. Analysis of error rates within each condition suggested consistently optimal decision making, even with increased IPI variability. Finally, beat information delivered by vibrotactile signals proved just as robust as information conveyed by visual signals, confirming vibrotactile stimulation’s potential as a communication channel.
The Shepard–Risset Glissando: Identifying the Origins of Metaphorical Auditory Vection and Motion Sickness
Authors: Mursic Rebecca A. , Palmisano Stephen 
Published: August 2019

Abstract
We recently showed that auditory illusions of self-motion can be induced in the absence of physically accurate spatial cues (Mursic et al., 2017). The current study was aimed at identifying which features of this auditory stimulus (the Shepard–Risset glissando) were responsible for this metaphorical auditory vection, as well as confirming anecdotal reports of motion sickness for this stimulus. Five different types of auditory stimuli were presented to 31 blindfolded, stationary participants through a loudspeaker array: (1) a descending Shepard–Risset glissando; (2) a descending discrete Shepard scale; (3) a descending sweep signal; (4) a phase-scrambled version of (1) (auditory control type 1); and (5) white noise (auditory control type 2). We found that the auditory vection induced by the Shepard–Risset glissando was stronger than both types of auditory control, and the discrete Shepard scale stimulus. However, vection strength was not found to differ between the Shepard–Risset glissando and the sweep signal. This suggests that the continuous, gliding structure of both these auditory stimuli was integral to the induction of vection. Consistent with anecdotal reports that the Shepard–Risset glissando is also capable of generating motion sickness (as measured by the Fast Motion Sickness Scale and the Simulator Sickness Questionnaire), the likelihood and severity of sickness for these stimuli was found to increase with the strength of the auditory vection.
Abū Shādī, Tagore, and the Problem of World Literature at the Hinge of Afroeurasia
Authors: Tageldin Shaden M. 
Published: August 2019

Abstract
This essay traces the problem of world literature in key writings by the Egyptian scientist and littérateur Aḥmad Zakī Abū Shādī. Abū Shādī’s early nod to world literature (1908–1909) intimates the challenge of making literary particularity heard in the homogenizing harmonies of a world dominated by English. That problem persists in his account of a 1926 meeting with the Bengali polymath Rabindranath Tagore and in an essay of 1928 inspired by that meeting: one of the first manifestos of al-adab al-ʿālamī (world literature) in Arabic, predating the 1936 appearance of al-adab al-muqāran (comparative literature). While Abū Shādī lauds Tagore’s refusal to compare literatures East and West and insistence on the spiritual unity of all literatures, his struggles to articulate a world in which harmony is not an alibi for hierarchy suggest that neither comparative literature nor its would-be leveler – world literature – can shed the haunting specter of inequality.
The Small-Town Globalism of Ivo Andrić
Authors: Ćatović Vedran 
Published: August 2019

Abstract
This study situates the works of Ivo Andrić at the intersection of world literature and postcolonial studies. It argues that, rather than being opposed as two mutually exclusive critical paradigms, the two need to be tactfully combined in order to account for the artist’s treatment of the prolonged subjugation undergone by the former Ottoman province of Bosnia. Two contradictory trends are observed. Andrić represents Bosnian small towns as places of symbolic resistance and perseverance. His local themes and language undermine the hegemonic presence of the empire, and invite a reading through a postcolonial lens. At the same time, a strong cosmopolitan current runs through the same narratives, and shows a paradoxical urge of the artist to extend his local setting into the global and intercultural spheres. Andrić stages the world as a multifarious and enigmatic whole – a viewpoint that embraces world literature as its aesthetic and political shrine.
Multilingual Novel
Authors: Figlerowicz Matylda 
Published: August 2019

Abstract
This article proposes a model of world literature based on multilingualism, rather than translation or a series of monolingualisms. It analyzes three novels, positioned in uneven relationships to world literature: Ramon Saizarbitoria’s Hamaika pauso (Basque; Countless steps, 1995), Roberto Bolaño’s 2666 (Spanish; 2004), and Sol Ceh Moo’s Sujuy k’iin (Mayan; Unspoiled day, 2011). They can all be read as multilingual, and despite the differences of their contexts and the particular ways in which different languages intertwine in them, anticlimactic forms are an aesthetic solution they share. The model of world literature informed by this anticlimactic multilingualism could be called the Real of world literature, since it points to the traumatic core of world literature that disrupts the possibility of systematizing its literatures in a holistic structure.
Intersecting Imperialisms
Authors: Holgate Ben 
Published: August 2019

Abstract
Richard Flanagan’s The Narrow Road to the Deep North (2013), which features the Thai-Burma “Death Railway” in World War Two, depicts a complex web of imperial regimes that converge and clash in the mid-twentieth century. The protagonist is an Australian soldier effectively fighting for his country’s former colonizer, Britain, which is losing its empire to Japan. I build on Laura Doyle’s concept of “inter-imperiality” to explore how the novel illuminates the historical process of imperial factors intersecting at multiple levels, from the geopolitical and economic to the personal and cultural. The novel demonstrates how inter-imperial identities challenge simple binary models of imperialism, and how so-called national literatures are produced in a world context. This is evident in Flanagan’s intertextual homage to classical Japanese author Matsuo Bashō. The novel also highlights how world literature discourse ought to take into account temporal and ethicopolitical factors (Pheng Cheah), suggesting an overlap with postcolonial studies.
SYNTAX score and coronary artery bypass graft surgery in Bangladesh
Authors: Ranjan Redoy , Adhikary Asit Baran 
Published: August 2019

Background The SYNTAX score is a helpful tool for determining the optimal myocardial revascularization strategy in complex coronary artery disease. The aim of this study was to assess whether the SYNTAX score predicts postoperative mortality in patients undergoing coronary artery bypass grafting. Methods The study included 1100 consecutive patients referred for coronary artery bypass graft surgery over a 4-year period. Angiographic data were interpreted by both experienced intervention cardiologists and cardiac surgeons. The patients were divided into three groups based on SYNTAX score tertiles: low ≤22 ( n =  560), intermediate 23–32 ( n =  360), and high ≥33 ( n =  180). Results Compared to patients with a low SYNTAX score, those with intermediate and high scores were significantly older ( p <  0.001), had a lower left ventricular ejection fraction ( p <  0.001), higher pulmonary artery pressure ( p <  0.001), and higher incidences of acute coronary syndrome and left main coronary artery disease. A significantly higher EuroSCORE ( p =  0.003) was also observed in patients with a higher SYNTAX score. Patients with intermediate and high SYNTAX scores had higher 5-year mortality rates (18.6% and 19.5%, respectively) than patients with low SYNTAX scores (9.5%, p <  0.05). In multivariate analysis, SYNTAX score was not an independent predictor of late mortality. Conclusion Although SYNTAX score is not independently predictive of late mortality in patients with complex coronary artery disease undergoing myocardial revascularization surgery, patients with lower SYNTAX scores had a lower mortality rate after coronary artery bypass graft surgery.