bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Acclimation to constant and fluctuating temperatures promotes distinct metabolic responses in Arctic char (Salvelinus alpinus)
Authors: Braz-Mota S. , Ollerhead K. M. , Lamarre S. G. , Almeida-Val V. M. F. , Val A. L. , MacCormack T. J. 
Published: November 2024

ABSTRACT
The Arctic is warming three times faster than the global average, imposing challenges to cold-adapted fish, such as Arctic char (Salvelinus alpinus). We evaluated stress and metabolic responses of Arctic char to different thermal acclimation scenarios to determine whether responses to thermal variation differed from those to stable exposures. Fish were exposed for 7 days to one of four treatments: (1) control (12°C); (2) mean (16°C), corresponding to the mean temperature of the diel thermal cycle; (3) constant high temperature (20°C); and (4) diel thermal cycling (12 to 20°C every 24 h). Exposure to 20°C causes increases plasma lactate and glucose, an imbalance in antioxidant systems, and oxidative stress in the liver. The 20°C treatment also elevated fractional rates of protein synthesis and caused oxidative stress in the heart. Stress responses were more pronounced in diel thermal cycling than in mean (16°C) fish, indicating that peak exposure temperatures or variation are physiologically important. Cortisol was highest in diel thermal cycling fish and oxidative stress was noted in the liver. Gill Na+/K+-ATPase activity was also significantly reduced in diel thermal cycling fish, suggesting gill remodeling in response to an osmoregulatory stress. Exposure to a constant 20°C was more challenging than a diel thermal cycle, demonstrating the importance of daily cooling to recovery. Arctic char inhabit a thermally variable environment and understanding how this impacts their physiology will be critical for informing conservation strategies in the context of a rapidly warming Arctic.
Exertional Leg Pain in Athletes
Authors: Stokes Derek C. , Mervis Matthew J. , Cushman Daniel M. 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
Exertional leg pain is a relatively common condition that can negatively impact athletic performance and may pose a diagnostic and management challenge for the sports medicine physician. A comprehensive clinical evaluation is important to narrow the broad differential associated with exertional leg pain and focus the selection of the most appropriate diagnostic tests and treatment modalities in the care of these individuals. This article will provide an update on recent literature regarding the etiologies, pathophysiology, clinical presentation, workup/diagnosis, and treatment of exertional leg pain in athletes with a focus on vascular etiologies, chronic exertional compartment syndrome, and bone stress injury.
Making a Splash: A Closer Look at Early Specialization in Competitive Diving
Authors: Lenz Annika , Provance Brendan , Provance Aaron 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
This review article explores the multifaceted aspects of early specialization in diving, focusing on its implications for injury prevalence, performance, and mental health. It highlights the increasing trend of early specialization driven by ambitions for collegiate and Olympic success, despite recommendations advocating for diversification. Divers are at risk for acute and overuse injuries, particularly during high-velocity water entries; however, data on injury patterns, especially among elite divers and early specializers, remains scarce. Recent data suggest a correlation between early specialization and reduced rates of certain injuries among youth divers, but distinguishing between acute and overuse injuries is crucial. Additionally, early specialization may pose mental health risks, with divers facing pressures related to performance, body image, and parental expectations. This article underscores the need for tailored guidelines to mitigate injury risks and promote holistic well-being among youth divers, recognizing the complex interplay between physical and psychological factors in sports specialization.
Rock Climbing-Related Injuries: A Clinical and Imaging Overview
Authors: Miro Paulo , Miro Emily , Ho Tiffany , Feuerborn Melissa , Crawford Amanda , Schöffl Volker 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
The rise in popularity of competitive and recreational rock climbing, particularly following its inclusion in the 2021 Summer Olympics, has led to a corresponding increase in rock climbing-related injuries. Due to the sport's unique biomechanical demands, it often presents injuries not commonly seen in other sports. Additionally, although some injuries align with those encountered in other sports, they manifest through distinctive climbing-related mechanisms unfamiliar to many clinicians. This paper delves into 10 prevalent injuries associated with the sport, exploring both sport-specific injuries and the unique mechanisms behind commonly encountered ones. Each injury receives a comprehensive overview, detailing its clinical presentation, evaluation, specific injury mechanisms with photographic and graphic illustrations, imaging representations, and treatment considerations. This paper aims to serve as a valuable reference for clinicians dealing with rock climbing-related injuries in clinical practice.
Bolstering the Prognostic Utility of Coronary Risk Assessments with PAI: A Physical Activity Metric
Authors: NAUMAN JAVAID , MIRZAAMIN TANIA , FRANKLIN BARRY A. , NES BJARNE M. , LAVIE CARL J. , DUNN PATRICK , ARENA ROSS , WEN CHI PANG , TARI ATEFE R. , WISLØFF ULRIK 
Published: November 2024

ABSTRACT

Purpose
Personal activity intelligence (PAI) translates heart rate during physical activity (PA) into a weekly score, which credits vigorous over low- and moderate-intensity PA. We prospectively investigated the association between PAI and fatal and nonfatal coronary heart disease (CHD) in self-reported healthy participants from Norway, with specific reference to improving the accuracy of conventional coronary risk assessment.

Methods
We studied 40,961 healthy adults (56% women) from the population-based Trøndelag Health Study (the HUNT study). Individual data were linked to hospital and cause of death registries. The weekly PAI score of each participant was divided into four groups (PAI scores of 0, ≤50, 51–99, or ≥100). Adjusted hazard ratios and 95% confidence intervals for fatal and nonfatal CHD related to PAI were estimated using Cox proportional hazard regression analyses.

Results
During a median follow-up period of 13.1 yr (interquartile range, 12.7–13.6), 3303 (3109 nonfatal, 194 fatal) CHD events occurred. Compared with the inactive group (0 PAI), weekly PAI scores at baseline of 51–99 and ≥100 were associated with a lower risk of CHD [0.80 (0.71–0.91) and 0.86 (0.78–0.95), respectively]. By adding PAI to traditional risk factors, the net reclassification improvement of CHD was 0.472 (P < 0.001).

Conclusions
PAI was inversely associated with CHD risk among healthy participants at baseline, and its cardioprotective effect persisted across diverse risk factor profiles. A PAI score >50 was substantially associated with a reduced risk of CHD. These findings have implications for improving the accuracy of conventional coronary risk assessments with PAI.
Association between vitamin D deficiency and otitis media with effusion in children: a systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Restuti Ratna Dwi , Safitri Eka Dian , Ranakusuma Respati Wulansari , Sriyana Ayu Astria , Priyono Harim , Saleh Rangga Rayendra , Marpaung Dora A , Lazarus Gilbert 
Published: November 2024

Background Vitamin D plays a crucial role in the regulation of inflammation. However, its effect on the development of otitis media effusion (OME), an inflammatory disease of the middle ear without signs of infection, remains largely unknown.
Objective To assess the association between vitamin D deficiency and OME in children by systematic review and meta-analysis of the literature.
Methods Eligible studies retrieved from PubMed, ProQuest, Embase, Cochrane databases and trial registries published up to 30 October 2022 were included in this review. The risk of bias of the included articles was assessed with the JBI Critical Appraisal Checklist for observational studies. The certainty of evidence was assessed with the Grading of Recommendations Assessment, Development and Evaluation framework.
Results We included eight studies (six case-control and two cross-sectional studies) involving 1,114 children, of which four studies were eligible for meta-analysis due to the significant clinical heterogeneity. We found that vitamin D deficiency (defined as vitamin D concentration of 20 ng/mL or less, i.e., ?50 nmol/L) might increase the odds of developing OME by 66.0% (n=514; OR 1.66; 95%CI 1.09 to 2.54; I2=20%), albeit with a very low certainty of evidence.
Conclusion There is a very low quality of evidence indicating that vitamin D deficiency is associated with the development of OME in children. Further large, high-quality cohorts and adjusting for confounding factors are warranted to confirm our findings, ideally by exploring the dose-response relationship between vitamin D concentration and the development of OME.
Performance of WHO mid-upper arm circumference cut-off to diagnose severe acute malnutrition in under-fives
Authors: Neldy Fahreza Aditya , Yuliarti Klara , Andriastuti Murti 
Published: November 2024

Background Many studies indicate that the current WHO recommendation of cut-off value mid-upper arm circumference (MUAC) is not sensitive to detect severe acute malnutrition (SAM) in under-fives cases. Various new cut-off values have been proposed with better diagnostic values but have a wide interval, 12.1 cm—14.5 cm, which may be due to different races or habitus.
Objective To evaluate the diagnostic value of MUAC in diagnosing SAM compared to the weight for height Z score (WFZ) index, to evaluate sensitivity, specificity, positive and negative predictive value of MUAC with 11.5 cm as standard cut-off, and to find an alternative cut-off value that may offer better diagnostic performance.
Methods We collected 421 subjects consecutively in January-February 2020 in Cipto Mangunkusumo Hospital and Puskesmas Cengkareng. We performed brief conversations for demographic data and did the measurement of physical examination and anthropometric measurement by trained researchers and research assistants.
Results Mid-upper arm circumference has excellent diagnostic value to assess SAM in under-fives with area under curve 0,939 (CI95% 0,903-0,974). Diagnostic values MUAC using cut off 11.5 cm were 21% sensitivity (Se) 21%, 99.7% spesificity (Sp)and Youden Index (YI) of 0.20. By using 13.3 cm as a new cut-off value, MUAC has Se 89%, Sp 87%, and YI of 0.76.
Conclusion We conclude that WHO MUAC cut-off using 11.5 cm has lower performance to detect SAM cases than the proposed new cut-off value of 13.3 cm. New MUAC cut-off should be considered to detect more SAM cases among under-fives.
Size of Pelvic Outlet as a Potential Risk Factor of Fecal Incontinence: A Population-Based Exploratory Analysis
Authors: Hiramoto Brent , Falahee Bryn E. , Muftah Mayssan , Flanagan Ryan , Shah Eric D. , Chan Walter W. 
Published: November 2024

INTRODUCTION:
The impact of pelvic bone structure on fecal incontinence (FI) is unclear. We assessed the association between weight-adjusted pelvic area and FI.

METHODS:
This was a population-based analysis of the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey in 2005–2006. Participants who completed the bowel health survey and dual-energy x-ray absorptiometry were included.

RESULTS:
On multivariable analysis of 2,772 participants, the lowest pelvic area quartile predicted increased FI compared with the third (odds ratio [OR]: 2.05, confidence interval [CI]: 1.18–3.56, P = 0.014) and fourth (OR: 1.94, CI: 1.02–3.70, P = 0.045) quartiles. Sex-stratified analyses found similar association among female patients only.

DISCUSSION:
Small pelvic area on dual-energy x-ray absorptiometry is a potential risk factor of FI.
Calendering of non-isothermal viscoelastic sheets of finite thickness: A theoretical study
Authors: Zahid Muhammad , Souayeh Basma , Ali Fateh , Farmer M. , Rahmat Fiza , Ilyas Muhammad 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
In this article, the sheeting of pseudoplastic material under non-isothermal conditions has been studied. It is an excellent forecasting instrument for sheeting, where the thickness of the sheet is relatively thin in relation to the roll size, according to theoretical study based on the lubrication theory. At the calendering process, the detachment point is determined by taking the material parameter’s impact into account. The governing equations are derived for the constitutive equation of the Carreau fluid with momentum and energy equations. Suitable non-dimensional parameters are used to develop the non-linear partial differential expressions into ordinary differential systems. The maximum pressure, roll separating force, normal stress effect, and power delivered to the fluid by rolls are among the engineering-relevant quantities that are determined. Moreover, a graphic analysis is conducted to examine the impact of different material parameters on the temperature profile, pressure gradient, velocity profile, and pressure distribution. The results specific mechanism is explained in depth.
Quranic Law and Its ‘Biblical’ Intertexts
Authors: Lowry Joseph E. 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
This article examines intertextual relationships between quranic and biblical law. It focuses primarily on three instances (fasting, torts, and dietary regulations) in which the Quran grounds its substantive legislation through references to biblical law. The Quran’s invocations of the Bible, even if those invocations mark intertexts that implicate texts of biblical literature more broadly, represent a quranic strategy of self-positioning and theological elaboration. Vague references may aim simply to enhance the Quran’s authority as a text that belongs generally to biblical literature and tradition or to integrate the quranic community into biblical history. Specific references can function polemically in regard to discrete topics, privilege the Quran as a fresh biblical dispensation on a given matter, or give biblical sanction of various kinds to specific legislation. Some specific biblical references also highlight instances of legal repeal, a significant component in the Quran’s distinctive theology. As with the Quran’s retelling of biblical narratives, its references to biblical law serve to mark the quranic community as a biblical community. As a methodological matter, the Quran’s selection, interpretation, deployment, and juxtaposition of biblical materials must always be assumed to be valid. In the service of its own theology, the Quran is fully autonomous and has complete interpretive agency.
Optimal power dispatch in microgrids using mixed-integer linear programming
Authors: Rodrigues Lautert Renata , Cambambi Cláudio Adriano C. , Ortiz Mauro dos Santos , Wolter Martin , Canha Luciane Neves 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
As greenhouse gases emissions continue to rise, society is actively seeking methods to reduce them. Microgrids (MGs), which predominantly consist of renewable energy sources, play a significant role in achieving this objective. This paper proposes an optimized methodology for power dispatch in MGs using mixed-integer linear programming (MILP). The MGs include photovoltaic systems, wind turbines, biogas (BG) generators, battery energy storage systems (BESS), electric vehicles (EV), and loads. The model features an objective function focused on cost minimization, power balance, and the necessary limits and constraints for the system’s safe operation. Real-time pricing is employed for energy transactions between the MGs and the main grid. The results demonstrate a cost-efficient operation for the proposed system comprising two MGs and the main grid. During periods of negative power balance, the demand was met by discharging the BESS, EV’s battery, or purchasing energy from the grid. The BESS was charged when energy prices were low and discharged during peak demand periods and high energy prices. The intermittent nature of renewable sources necessitates an efficient management system to ensure reliable operation. Additionally, storage systems help mitigate the variability in generation. The BG generator was another crucial component for power supply due to its flexibility. Integrating these components into the system improved reliability and ensured a secure and balanced operation.
Batteries for fast frequency containment response: market impacts on outage dynamics
Authors: Sauer Christoph , Scherer Cipriani João Pedro , Maier Cocco Gabriel , Pinheiro Humberto , Wolter Martin 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
Traditional sources like hydro and thermal plants have a well-defined response for inertia and frequency containment during load outages, whereas inverter-interfaced battery systems offer more flexibility as ancillary services. This paper investigates interactions between sources of Frequency Containment Reserve (FCR) after an outage. By integrating a node model, market model, and inverter controller model, the German power plant fleet is simulated, incorporating various energy sources and k-factors. This setup evaluates how different battery participation rates in the FCR market influence system behavior and prices during an outage. The results show that battery storage systems, operating as grid-forming systems like Virtual Synchronous Machines, are particularly efficient for stabilizing frequency due to fast responses. This paper contributes to understanding how battery storage enhances grid stability and market efficiency.
Author, Narrative and the Impact of Internet Literature Upon Print Literature in China
Authors: Ji Dan , Xu Jian 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
Internet literature gains tremendous popularity in China with the coming of the digital era. In response to the emergence of the large body of Internet literature, this article examines the Internet literary tendencies observable in China by systematically analysing four issues concerning Internet literature. Based on retrospecting of the history of Chinese Internet Literature (CIL), the study first describes the uniqueness of CIL during its evolution. Then, this study categorizes CIL from three perspectives, namely, the author groups, the genre of the text, and the fiction narrative style. In the third part, this study explores the positive impact of CIL in terms of its interactivity, how it changes the creators’ mode of thinking, how it expands literary genres, the convergence and fusion of print literary genres in CIL, and the shifts in dissemination. The negative impact of Chinese internet literature is also discussed including how vulgar and shallow works impact the depth of print literature, how figurative language limit the readers’ imagination, and how CIL challenges the traditional publishing market. In the end, the far-reaching changes and possible future trends of CIL are discussed.
Language change in a constructional network: the emergence of Mandarin [bi N hai N] comparative constructions
Authors: Liu Meili , Cuyckens Hubert , Zhan Fangqiong 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
This paper explores the mechanisms of and motivations for two unconventional comparative constructions in Mandarin: [bi Ni hai Ni] and [bi Ni hai Nj]. They are unconventional in that the item expressing the dimension along which the comparison is made is a noun rather than an adjective. It is shown that [bi Ni hai Ni] emerges (i) by analogy with the conventional comparative construction [bi N hai A] and (ii) by inheriting the nominal feature from an existing construction [Adverb N], which is corroborated by a collexeme analysis. At a more schematic level, the extension A > N observed in [bi N hai A] > [bi Ni hai Ni] may have been modeled on the existing development from [Adverb A] to [Adverb N]. Analogical extension and inheritance also underlie the subsequent development from [bi Ni hai Ni] to [bi Ni hai Nj]. This study not only shows how language changes in a constructional network (including node creation and network reconfiguration), but also sheds light on the nature of horizontal links. It also demonstrates how a synchronically perceived relation between constructions may impact a later, similar language change.
Pediatric pharmacogenetics: profiling CYP2C8 polymorphisms at King Abdulaziz University Dental Clinic
Authors: Bagher Amina M. , Aboud Rania A. , Alkinaidri Noura M. , Aljilani Saja A. , Hareeri Rawan H. , Binmahfouz Lenah S. , Bagher Sara M. 
Published: November 2024

Abstract

Objectives
Ibuprofen, a widely used non-steroidal anti-inflammatory (NSAID) for managing pain and inflammation in pediatric patients, is metabolized by the CYP2C8 enzyme. Studies suggest that the CYP2C8*2, *3, and *4 variations of the CYP2C8 gene diminish ibuprofen metabolism, increasing the risk of adverse reactions. The aim of this study was to determine the frequency of the CYP2C8*2, *3, and *4 alleles and genotypes in a pediatric population attending the King Abdulaziz University dental clinic and compare our findings to those of other populations.

Methods
A cross-sectional study was conducted with 140 healthy Saudi children ages 6–12. Saliva samples were collected using Oragene™ DNA Sample Collection Kits and analyzed for polymorphisms using polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism (PCR-RFLP).

Results
The study identified that CYP2C8*2 AA, AT, and TT genotypes occurred at frequencies of 87.86 %, 9.29 %, and 2.86 %, respectively. For CYP2C8*3, AA, AG, and GG genotypes were found in 87.14 , 8.75, and 4.29 % of subjects, respectively. The CYP2C8*4 allele was less frequent, with CC and CG genotypes at 97.86 % and 2.14 %, respectively, and the GG genotype was absent. Allele frequencies for CYP2C8*2, *3, and *4 were 7.5 %, 8.57 %, and 1.07 %, respectively.

Conclusions
Our findings reveal that the allelic frequencies for the CYP2C8 polymorphisms in the Saudi pediatric cohort are substantially elevated compared to those reported in other Asian populations. This suggests Saudis may experience more varied drug responses, especially for medications that undergo metabolism by the CYP2C8 enzyme, like ibuprofen.
Response of male Bactrocera zonata (Diptera: Tephritidae) to methyl eugenol: can they be desensitized?
Authors: Gazit Yoav , Akiva Ruti , Kramer Reut , Yehezkel Almog , Yaacobi Gal , Nestel David 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
The response of male peach fruit fly, Bactrocera zonata (Saunders) (Diptera: Tephritidae), to the parapheromone methyl eugenol (ME) was studied using two different bioassays. A laboratory assay was used to assess the short-distance response of males to ME, and a semi-field study, conducted in large screen-cages, was used to assess the attraction of released males to ME-baited traps. The ME response was studied in relation to several physiological parameters. Our findings show that the response of males to ME increased with both age and sexual maturation. Larval diet also influenced adult response to ME. The frequency of attraction to ME among males that had been raised on artificial larval-rearing diets was higher than that observed among males that had been raised on fruit. In addition, we found that solutions of ME (<0.5 %) and sucrose (a phagostimulant) were toxic to adult males. In contrast, ME volatiles were not toxic and exposure to the volatiles significantly reduced the males’ post-exposure response to the attractant. This effect extended for at least 4 weeks. The possibility of being able to reduce the attractive response of irradiated B. zonata males to ME volatiles opens the opportunity of using ME-baits in the field as a method to reduce wild males by attracting them to baited devices, and concomitantly release sterile flies to induce “sterility” on female wild flies.