bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Hidrogeles derivados de acrilamida y ácido itacónico como soporte en medios de cultivo de plántulas de papa
Authors: Contreras Jesús , Juárez Jessica , Jaimez Juan 
Published: April 2019

Hidrogeles de poliacrilamida (PAAm) y de poli(acrilamida-co-ácido itacónico) (P(AAm-co-AI)) sintetizados en agua y en una solución acuosa de buffer de fosfato al 0,2 M, fueron usados como soporte en los medios de cultivo de tejido vegetal sistema autotrófico hidropónico (SAH) y cultivo in-vitro con solución nutritiva Murashige-Skoog (MS) para la producción de plántulas de papa (Solanum Tuberosum, L). En los bioensayos realizados fue evaluado el comportamiento de los hidrogeles mediante el análisis de las características morfológicas de las plántulas: longitud de la parte aérea, longitud de la raíz, número de entrenudos y biomasa. Estos parámetros fueron analizados aplicando el análisis de varianza ANOVA de dos factores con múltiples muestras, en donde los factores evaluados fueron el tipo de hidrogel y el solvente usado para su síntesis. Los resultados obtenidos muestran que según el medio de cultivo estas variables se ven favorecidas por el uso de un determinado tipo de hidrogel, es decir, en el SAH los hidrogeles de PAAm son los que presentaron mejores resultados desde el punto de vista morfológico y estadístico. Para el cultivo in-vitro con solución nutritiva MS, las propiedades morfológicas de las plántulas, se vieron beneficiadas por el hidrogel de P(AAm-co-AI) sintetizado en la solución acuosa de buffer de fosfato.
Palabras clave: Hidrogeles, medios de cultivo, Poliacrilamida, Poli (acrilamida-co-ácido itacónico).
ABSTRACT
Hydrogels from poly (acrylamide) (PAAm) and of poly (acrylamide-co-itaconic acid) (P (AAm-co-AI)) synthesized in water and in an aqueous solution of phosphate buffer 0.2 M, were used as a support in the vegetable tissue culture media hydroponic autotrophic system (HAS) and in-vitro culture with Murashige-Skoog (MS) nutrient solution for the production of potato seedlings (Solanum Tuberosum, L). In the bioassays carried out, the behavior of the hydrogels was evaluated by analyzing the morphological characteristics of the seedlings: length of the aerial part, length of the root, number of internodes and biomass. These parameters were analyzed by applying the ANOVA variance analysis of two factors with multiple samples, in which the factors evaluated were the type of hydrogel and the solvent used for its synthesis. The results obtained show that, according to the culture medium, these variables are favored by the use of a certain type of hydrogel, which, in the SAH the PAAm hydrogels are the ones that presented the best results from the morphological and statistical point of view. For the in-vitro culture with MS nutrient solution, the morphological properties of the seedlings were advantageous due to the P(AAm-co-AI) hydrogel synthesized in the aqueous solution of phosphate buffer.
Key words: Hydrogels, medium culture, Polyacrylamide, Poly(acrylamide-co-itaconic acid).
Identificación del ácido Rosmarínico a partir de Cordia Sebestena (Boraginaceae)
Authors: Ortega Fernandez José Gerardo , Porta Nicole , Peña Néstor , Danis Maybeline , Avila Dinorah , Ruiz Frine 
Published: April 2019

El ácido rosmarínico es un éster del ácido cafeico y el ácido 3,4-dihidroxifenil láctico, un fenil propanoide natural, que se encuentra principalmente en las especies de la familia Boraginaceae, la subfamilia Nepetoideae de la familia lameaceae y en algunas plantas inferiores como los helechos. Se aisló e identificó por primera vez a partir de Rosmarinus officinalis por dos químicos italianos, Scarpati y Oriente en 1958. Se realizó fraccionamiento ácido-base sobre el extracto hidroalcoholico crudo (ECH), con el propósito de obtener únicamente fracción de ácidos fuertes (Af). La misma se separó por cromatografía de columna para obtener la subfracción Af-1, a partir de la cual se aisló un sólido amarillo con PF 170 °C, el cual se caracterizó química y espectroscópicamente por UV, IR y RMN 1H, 13C y se identificó como ácido rosmarínico.

Palabras clave: Boraginaceae, Cordia sebestena, fenoles, ácido rosmarínico.

Abstract

Different investigations on the Boraginaceae family have focused on the search for substances of proven pharmacological activity. The Cordia sebestena species, has not been studied as much, in a chemical and pharmacological way, so it is interesting to study this endemic plant in the western Venezuelan region. The plant material was collected in the city of Maracaibo, Zulia state. Raw hydroalcoholic extract was obtained from the fresh leaves by maceration with isopropanol-water (7: 3). By means of acid-base extraction, the fraction of strong acids was obtained. It was separated by column chromatography to obtain Af-1 subfraction, from which a yellow solid was isolated with mp 170 ° C, which was characterized chemically and spectroscopically by UV, IR and 1H, 13C NMR and identified as rosmarinic acid. Rosmarinic acid is an ester of caffeic acid and 3,4-dihydroxyphenyl lactic acid, a natural phenyl propanoid, which is found mainly in the species of the family Boraginaceae, the subfamily Nepetoideae of the family Lameaceae and in some lower plants such as Ferns.

Keywords: Boraginaceae, Cordia sebestena, phenols, rosmaric acid.
Tareas docentes para desarrollar la habilidad modelar el experimento químico en la asignatura química general
Authors: Cruz López Yuniusky , Fernández Leyva Jorge Laudelino , Borrero Springer Regla Ywalkis , Salas Gainza Maricel Trinidad 
Published: April 2019

En la formación de profesores de Química resulta indispensable desarrollar habilidades que contribuyan mediante el experimento químico al logro de los objetivos propuestos en el modelo del profesional. En el presente artículo se presentan los resultados de una investigación pedagógica que se fundamentó en su carácter teórico-práctico desde el proceso de enseñanza-aprendizaje de la disciplina Química General, aplicando métodos empíricos y teóricos como el Histórico-Lógico, Sistematización Teórica, Método de observación, entre otros. El objetivo estuvo centrado en la elaboración y aplicación de tareas docentes para contribuir al desarrollo de la habilidad modelar el experimento químico de esta disciplina en la Universidad de Las Tunas. Se concibieron las tareas también desde una óptica integradora y problemática, transitando desde niveles de desempeño reproductivos hasta creativos. La introducción de estas tareas en la práctica escolar contribuyó a elevar la calidad del proceso formativo y alcanzar niveles superiores de desarrollo de esta habilidad.

Palabras clave: habilidad, modelar, experimento químico, química general.

Abstract

In the formation of professors of Chemistry, it is indispensable to develop abilities that contribute by means of the chemical experiment to the achievement of the objectives proposed in the professional's pattern. In the current paper the results of a pedagogical research, based on the theoretical-practical character of the subject General Chemistry, were presented from a teaching-learning process point of view, applying empirical methods, suchas, The Historical-Logical Method and the observation Method, among others. The objective was centred in the elaboration and application of educational tasks to contribute to the development of the ability to model the chemical experiment of this discipline in the Universidad de las Tunas. The tasks were also conceived from an integrative and problematic point of view, passing though reproductive acting levels to creative levels. The introduction of these tasks in the school practice contributed to elevate the quality of the formative process and to reach superior levels of development of this ability.

Key words: ability, to model, experience chemical, general chemistry.
The surgical procedure of syringomyelie with Chiari I in adults regarding the intrapial aspiration of cerebellar tonsils: does this procedure improve symptoms with less complication?
Authors: Mustapha Ait Bachir , Benbouzid T. 
Published: April 2019

Introduction. Cranio-vertebral decompression remains the common denominator for the treatment of syringomyelia associated with Chiari I. On the other hand, the details of the procedure, remains controversial. The success of the surgery is to restore the circulation of cerebro-spinal fluid at the level of the foramen magnum. How is this circulation restored to the level of foramen is the question? We offer our attitude towards the treatment of syringomyelia with Chiari I.
Material and method. Consecutive series of 32/121 patients benefiting from cranio-vertebral decompression associated with intrapial aspiration of cerebellar tonsils treated for syringomyelia with a Chiari I malformation in adults.
Result. Motor deficits were present in 20 / 22 patients, representing 90% of the entire patient group. these motor deficits are improved in 16 out of 22 cases, and remained unchanged in 06cas. no motor aggravation occurred. in our study, bone decompression and intra pial aspiration of cerebellar tonsils (sub arachnoids manipulation) were found to be associated with favourable results on clinical signs and symptoms. However, sub arachnoids manipulation and intra pial aspiration of cerebellar tonsils showed a little more complication compared with bone decompression with dural plasty.
Conclusion. The bone decompression with dural graft and intradural dissection of adhesions and reduction by intra pial aspiration or resection of the tonsils is indicated on the MRI aspect of cerebellar tonsils of considerable size totally obstructing the foramen Magnum, the intraoperative finding, through the arachnoid, of the absence of passage of the cerebro-spinal fluid because of the bulging of the cerebellar tonsils.
The First Decade of Web-Based Sports Injury Surveillance: Descriptive Epidemiology of Injuries in US High School Boys' Baseball (2005–2006 Through 2013–2014) and National Collegiate Athletic Association Men's Baseball (2004–2005 Through 2013–2014)
Authors: Wasserman Erin B. , Sauers Eric L. , Register-Mihalik Johna K. , Pierpoint Lauren A. , Currie Dustin W. , Knowles Sarah B. , Dompier Thomas P. , Comstock R. Dawn , Marshall Stephen W. , Kerr Zachary Y. 
Published: April 2019

Context
The advent of Web-based sports injury surveillance via programs such as the High School Reporting Information Online system and the National Collegiate Athletic Association Injury Surveillance Program has aided the acquisition of boys' and men's baseball injury data.

Objective
To describe the epidemiology of injuries sustained in high school boys' baseball in the 2005–2006 through 2013–2014 academic years and collegiate men's baseball in the 2004–2005 through 2013–2014 academic years using Web-based sports injury surveillance.

Design
Descriptive epidemiology study.

Setting
Online injury surveillance from baseball teams in high school boys (annual average = 100) and collegiate men (annual average = 34).

Patients or Other Participants
Boys' or men's baseball players who participated in practices and competitions during the 2005–2006 through 2013–2014 academic years in high school or the 2004–2005 through 2013–2014 academic years in college, respectively.

Main Outcome Measure(s)
Athletic trainers collected time-loss injury and exposure data. Injury rates per 1000 athlete-exposures (AEs) were calculated. Injury rate ratios (IRRs) with 95% confidence intervals (CIs) compared injury rates by school size or division, time in season, event type, and competition level.

Results
The High School Reporting Information Online system documented 1537 time-loss injuries during 1 573 257 AEs; the National Collegiate Athletic Association Injury Surveillance Program documented 2574 time-loss injuries during 804 737 AEs. The injury rate was higher in college than in high school (3.20 versus 0.98/1000 AEs; IRR = 3.27; 95% CI = 3.07, 3.49). The competition injury rate was higher than the practice injury rate in high school (IRR = 2.27; 95% CI = 2.05, 2.51) and college (IRR = 2.32; 95% CI = 2.15, 2.51). Baseball players at the high school and collegiate levels sustained a variety of injuries across the body, with the most common injuries reported to the upper extremity. Many injuries also occurred while fielding or pitching.

Conclusions
Injury rates were greater in collegiate versus high school baseball and in competition versus practice. These findings highlight the need for injury-prevention interventions focused on reducing the incidence of upper extremity injuries and protecting batters from pitches and fielders from batted balls.
”Honeycomb” pattern of gallbladder wall thickening – A forward step in early diagnosis of “Severe Dengue Fever”
Authors: Parmar Jitendra , Vora Maulik , Mohan Chander , Shah Sandip , Mahajan Harsh , Patel Tapan 
Published: April 2019

Abstract
Aims and Objectives: To study “Honeycomb” pattern of gallbladder wall thickening (GBWT) in dengue fever (DF) and to assess its clinical significance in early diagnosis of severe DF. Materials and Methods: A total 244 patients of DF were studied, 84 patients were classified as severe DF, 61 patients as DF with warning signs, and 99 patients as DF without warning signs. Abdominal ultrasound was performed for assessment of GBWT patterns, hepatomegaly, splenomegaly, pancreatic enlargement, ascites, pleural effusion, and other additional findings were recorded in severe DF cases. Statistical comparison between “Honeycomb” pattern of GBWT and clinically severe DF was done using Pearson correlation test. Results: Out of 244 patients, 145 patients were males and 99 patients were females, belonging to various age groups ranging from 1 to 81 years and 14.34% (35 patients) among them included in pediatric group. In total, 65.57% (160 patients) were non-severe DF cases and 34.42% (84 patients) were severe DF cases. A total of 84 patients of severe DF, 92.85% patients showed GBWT, and out of which, 71.42% patients had “Honeycomb” pattern, whereas a total of 160 patients of non-severe DF patients, 45% patients had GBWT and out of which, only 5.6% patients showed “Honeycomb” pattern.”Honeycomb” pattern of GBWT shows sensitivity of 71.4%, 94.37%, Positive predictive value of 86.95%, and Negative predictive value of 86.28% in severe DF. Conclusion:”Honeycomb” pattern of GBWT is significant finding in severe DF. Its sensitivity and specificity are high in severe DF with significant statistical correlation. It can aid in early diagnosis of severe DF.
Role of apparent diffusion coefficient as a biomarker in the evaluation of cervical cancer
Authors: Dashottar Sunita , Pany T Preeth , Lohia Nishant 
Published: April 2019

Abstract
Background: Diffusion-weighted magnetic resonance imaging (DW-MRI) has evolved as a major diagnostic and prognostic tool in cervical cancer. The aim of our study was to compare the change in mean apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC) value before and after concurrent chemoradiation therapy (CCRT) in carcinoma cervix thereby establishing its role as a cancer biomarker. Materials and Methods: A hospital-based prospective study was conducted in 35 patients diagnosed with cervical cancer. All 35 patients underwent pelvic MRI before and after 6 months of CCRT. The study was done over a period of 12 months. Conventional axial and sagittal T2 imaging was followed by DW-MRI. In the axial DW/ADC images at “b-value” of 800 s/mm2, a circular region of interest was drawn covering more than 60% of the tumor volume to calculate the ADC values. Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (version 21.0) was used for statistical evaluation. Chi-square test, independent samples t-test, and analysis of variance were used to analyze the data. The results are depicted as frequencies (number), proportion (percentages), and mean ± standard deviation. Results: Pre-CCRT mean ADC value was 0.814 × 10−3 mm2/s. Post-CCRT mean ADC value was 1.294 × 10−3 mm2/s. Mean ADC value of patients having lymph node involvement and parametrial extension was significantly lower when compared with those without lymph node involvement and parametrial extension (P = 0.001). Nonresponders with residual lesion had lower ADC values than responders with no residual lesion. An interesting and unique observation was that pre-CCRT mean ADC value of responders was higher than nonresponders. Conclusion: An increase in mean ADC value of 0.480 × 10−3 mm2/s after CCRT was found to be statistically significant (P < 0.001) thereby proving its role as an imaging biomarker in cancer cervix.
Jaffe–Campanacci syndrome: Any role for 99mTc-methylene diphosphonate bone and 99mTc-octreotide scans for evaluation of the disorder?
Authors: Qutbi Mohsen , Ghanbari Sajad , Asli Isa Neshandar , Shafiei Babak 
Published: April 2019

AbstractJaffe–Campanacci syndrome (JCS) is a rare clinical disorder with almost unknown etiology. The main feature of this syndrome is skeletal involvement as nonossifying fibroma which may cause severe morbidity to these patients. X-ray imaging is the widely available modality for evaluation of skeleton, but radionuclide imaging modalities may have a role in workup. Herein, we present a case of JCS evaluated with 99mTc-methylene diphosphonate bone and 99mTc-octreotide scans for the extent of skeletal involvement. To the best of our knowledge, from over than 30 cases reported in the literature, no evaluation with radionuclide imaging has been done.
Triple-site radiotracer application in breast lymphoscintigraphy and sentinel node discordance
Authors: Freebody John A. , Fernando Shane , Rossleigh Monica 
Published: April 2019

AbstractSentinel lymph node (SLN) biopsy (SLNB) has demonstrated accuracy in the axillary staging of breast cancer patients. Despite variability in selection criteria and technique, an SLN is consistently identified in approximately 96% of cases and in most series predicts the status of remaining axillary LNs in >95% of cases. The false-negative rate of sentinel lymph node biopsy (SLNB) was originally reported as 5%–10% (sensitivity 90%–95%), but improved rates are attainable by experienced surgeons. Radiolocalization with lymphoscintigraphy (LSG) increases SLN identification rates. LSG is a useful tool to establish the abnormal lymphatic drainage patterns and to detect the extra-axillary nodes, particularly internal mammary nodes. Despite controversy regarding the optimal injection method, studies have generally suggested high concordance between the various radiotracer application sites and axillary SLN identification. Discordant SLN identification would have implications for nodal staging as the true SLN might not be identified with individual injection techniques. In the current study, imaging from consecutive patients presenting for breast LSG over a-19 month period was retrospectively reviewed. Radiotracer application was performed with simultaneous injection of peritumoral, subcutaneous, and subareolar regions. This application method provided a mechanism to assess the LSG drainage patterns with a view to assessing injection site concordance and SLN identification rates. Data from 123 breast LSG patients were reviewed. Using our radiotracer technique, the axillary SLN identification rate was 98%. A single axillary node was detected in 110, two axillary nodes were detected in 10, and no axillary node was detected in three patients. Among those 10 patients in whom two axillary nodes were seen, at least two cases of discordant drainage occurred from different injection sites. This study demonstrates that different LSG injection sites can result in the identification of different axillary sentinel nodes although this appears to be a rare event. This finding may be of clinical importance if the true SLN is sought. In addition, the multisite injection technique appears to be an optimal method of axillary SLN identification, with high SLN detection rates.
Benefits of adding coronary calcium score scan to stress myocardial perfusion positron emission tomography imaging
Authors: Fathala Ahmed , Aboulkheir Mervat , Bukhari Salwa , Shoukri Mohamed M , Abouzied Moheieldin M 
Published: April 2019

AbstractThere have been little and conflicting data regarding the relationship between coronary artery calcification score (CACS) and myocardial ischemia on positron emission tomography myocardial perfusion imaging (PET MPI). The aims of this study were to investigate the relationship between myocardial ischemia on PET MPI and CACS, the frequency and severity of CACS in patients with normal PET MPI, and to determine the optimal CACS cutoff point for abnormal PET. This retrospective study included 363 patients who underwent same-setting stress PET perfusion imaging and CACS scan because of clinically suspected coronary artery disease (CAD). Fifty-five (55%) of the 363 patients had abnormal PET perfusion. There was an association between sex, diabetes mellitus (DM), smoking, and CACS and PET perfusion abnormities with P = 0.003, 0.05, 0.005, and 0.001, respectively. However, there was no association between PET perfusion abnormalities with age, body mass index, hypertension, and hypercholesterolemia. There was association between CACS and age, sex, and DM with P = 0.000, 0.014, and 0.052, respectively, and stepwise increase in the frequency of myocardial ischemia and CACS groups. Receiver-operating characteristic analysis showed that a CACS ≥304 is the optimal cutoff for predicting perfusion abnormalities with sensitivity of 64% and specificity of 69%. In conclusion, the frequency of CAC in patients with normal PET MPI is 49%, it is highly recommended to combine CACS with PET MPI in patients without a history of CAD. PET MPI identifies myocardial ischemia and defines the need for coronary revascularization, but CAC reflects the anatomic burden of coronary atherosclerosis. Combining CACS to PET MPI allows better risk stratification and identifies high-risk patients with PET, and it may change future follow-up recommendations. CACS scan is readily available and easily acquired with modern PET-computed tomography (CT) and single-photon emission CT (SPECT)-CT with modest radiation exposure.
Evaluation of recurrent parathyroid carcinoma: A new imaging tool in uncommon entity
Authors: Thanseer N. T. K. , Parihar Ashwin Singh , Sood Ashwani , Bhadada Sanjay Kumar , Dahiya Divya , Singh Priyanka , Mittal Bhagwant Rai 
Published: April 2019

AbstractParathyroid carcinoma (PTC) is a rare endocrine tumor and uncommon cause for primary hyperparathyroidism.18F-fluorocholine (FCH) positron emission tomography and computed tomography (PET/CT) has shown promising results in the detection of parathyroid adenoma, though its role in PTC is undefined due to the paucity of incidence. The authors in this case report discuss the possible complimentary role of FCH PET/CT with 18F-fluorodeoxyglucose PET/CT in the evaluation of the management of suspected recurrence, since this rare entity has high loco-regional and distant recurrence of the disease.
18F-fluorodeoxyglucose positron emission tomography/computed tomography in childhood metastatic epithelioid hemangioendothelioma of the liver: Altering the management plan
Authors: Parihar Ashwin Singh , Vadi Shelvin Kumar , Mittal Bhagwant Rai , Singh Harmandeep , Kumar Rajender , Behera Arunanshu 
Published: April 2019

AbstractHepatic epithelioid hemangioendothelioma (EHE) is an uncommon vascular tumor, primarily seen in 20–40 years of age. We report the case of a 14-year-old boy with EHE and distant metastases identified on 18F-fluorodeoxyglucose positron emission tomography/computed tomography (18F-FDG PET/CT), leading to a change in the management plan.18F-FDG PET/CT proved to be useful in identifying the rare sites of metastasis and planning further treatment.