bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Retrospective evaluation of canine heart base tumours treated with toceranib phosphate (Palladia): 2011‐2018
Authors: Lew Felicia H. , McQuown Bobbi , Borrego Juan , Cunningham Suzanne , Burgess Kristine E. 
Published: May 2019

AbstractHeart base tumours (HBT) occur commonly in older, brachycephalic dogs. A presumptive diagnosis is made based on location and appearance of the tumour via echocardiogram. Effective treatment options are limited to surgery (when feasible) or radiation therapy. Benefit of medical management is presently unknown. The goal of this retrospective study was to assess the efficacy and tolerability of toceranib phosphate for dogs with HBT. Twenty‐eight dogs with histologically, cytologically confirmed or presumed HBT were evaluated retrospectively. Twenty‐seven dogs were treated with single agent toceranib. One dog received combination therapy with concurrent metronomic chemotherapy. This dog was not included in response or survival analysis. Factors assessed included clinical signs, hematologic/biochemical parameters and response to treatment. For the 27 dogs receiving single agent toceranib, an overall response rate of 10% was found. Overall median survival time was 823 days (range, 68‐1190 days). The overall response rate for the dogs presenting with metastasis was 28.5%, with a median survival time of 532 days (range, 77‐679 days). This was not significantly different than the median survival time of 796 days for dogs who did not present with metastasis. Of the dogs displaying clinical signs at the time of diagnosis, 90% had improvement and 81% had complete resolution of signs after starting toceranib. Toxicity was seen in 54% of dogs with gastrointestinal distress as the most common toxicity but dose reductions were infrequent required. Results demonstrate that toceranib phosphate is a well‐tolerated and effective treatment for inoperable canine heart base tumours including dogs with advanced or metastatic disease.
Mechanical Characteristics of Origami Mechanism Based on Thin Plate Bending Theory
Authors: Hongying Yu , Zhen Guo , Di Zhao , Peng Liu 
Published: May 2019

Abstract
This paper introduces a method for calculating the deformation displacement of the origami mechanism. The bearing capacity of each face can be analyzed by the relationship between the stress and displacement, which can provide a reference for the origami design. The Miura origami mechanism unit is considered. First, the folding angle of each crease is solved based on the geometric characteristics. The deforming form of the creases is then analyzed, and the bending moment acting on the paper surface is solved. Based on the geometric characteristics and stress forms, the paper surface is modeled as a sheet. Based on the bending theory of a thin plate with small deflection, the complex external load forms are decomposed by Levy's method and the superposition principle, and the expression of the deflection curve during the folding process is obtained. According to the stress and bending moment equations, the relationship between the bending moment and displacement is obtained. Finally, through an application example, the maximum deflection of the paper surface is calculated by matlab, and the deflection diagram of the deformed paper surface is drawn, which verifies the expression of the deflection curve.
Effect of Wall Elasticity on Hemodynamics and Wall Shear Stress in Patient-Specific Simulations in the Coronary Arteries
Authors: Eslami Parastou , Tran Justin , Jin Zexi , Karady Julia , Sotoodeh Romina , Lu Michael T. , Hoffmann Udo , Marsden Alison 
Published: May 2019

AbstractWall shear stress (WSS) has been shown to be associated with myocardial infarction (MI) and progression of atherosclerosis. Wall elasticity is an important feature of hemodynamic modeling affecting WSS calculations. The objective of this study was to investigate the role of wall elasticity on WSS, and justify use of either rigid or elastic models in future studies. Digital anatomic models of the aorta and coronaries were created based on coronary computed tomography angiography (CCTA) in four patients. Hemodynamics was computed in rigid and elastic models using a finite element flow solver. WSS in five timepoints in the cardiac cycle and time averaged wall shear stress (TAWSS) were compared between the models at each 3 mm subsegment and 4 arcs in cross sections along the centerlines of coronaries. In the left main (LM), proximal left anterior descending (LAD), left circumflex (LCX), and proximal right coronary artery (RCA) of the elastic model, the mean percent radial increase 5.95 ± 1.25, 4.02 ± 0.97, 4.08 ± 0.94, and 4.84 ± 1.05%, respectively. WSS at each timepoint in the cardiac cycle had slightly different values; however, when averaged over the cardiac cycle, there were negligible differences between the models. In both the subsegments (n = 704) and subarc analysis, TAWSS in the two models were highly correlated (r = 0.99). In investigation on the effect of coronary wall elasticity on WSS in CCTA-based models, the results of this study show no significant differences in TAWSS justifying using rigid wall models for future larger studies.
Detecting nanometric displacements with optical ruler metrology
Authors: Yuan Guang Hui , Zheludev Nikolay I. 
Published: May 2019

Superoscillatory displacement metrology
The resolving power of light (or other waveforms, for that matter) is typically limited to about half the wavelength. However, multiple interference of waves gives rise to subwavelength “hotspots” in the phase owing to what is termed superoscillation of the wave field. Yuan and Zheludev used a specially designed metasurface to interfere laser light (wavelength λ = 800 nm) and created a superoscillatory ruler comprising these hotspots. They demonstrated the ability to measure displacements of around λ/800 while operating at a wavelength of 800 nm. They then showed theoretically that resolving powers of around λ/4000, i.e., atomic-scale displacements, may be possible. The technique should prove useful to metrology applications requiring precision measurements.

Science
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771
Rationale and design of BERLIN VT study: a multicenter randomised trial comparing preventive versus deferred ablation of ventricular tachycardia
Authors: Tilz Roland Richard , Kuck Karl-Heinz , Kääb Stephan , Wegscheider Karl , Thiem Annette , Wenzel Beate , Willems Stephan , Steven Daniel 
Published: May 2019

IntroductionCatheter ablation (CA) has shown to effectively reduce the burden of ventricular tachycardia in patients with implanted cardioverter-defibrillator (ICD). However, in patients with ICD implantation for secondary prevention of ventricular tachycardia (VT), the appropriate time point of CA and its effect on mortality and heart failure progression remains a matter of debate.Methods and analysisWe present the design of the ongoing preventiveaBlation ofvEntriculartachycaRdia in patients with myocardiaLINfarction (BERLIN VT) study that aims to prospectively enrol 208 patients with a stable ischaemic cardiomyopathy, a left ventricular ejection fraction of 30% to 50% and documented ventricular tachycardia. Patients will be 1:1 randomised to undergo CA at the time of ICD implantation or CA after the third appropriate ICD shock for ventricular tachycardia. ICD implantation will be performed in all patients. The primary endpoint is defined as the time to first event comprising all-cause mortality and unplanned hospital admission for congestive heart failure or for symptomatic VT/ventricular fibrillation. The patients will be followed until study termination according to the event driven design. Completion of enrolment is expected for mid of 2019.Ethics and disseminationThe study had been approved by the “Ethik-kommission der Landesärztekammer Hamburg” as well as the local institutional review boards for each of the participation sites. The results of the trial will be published in peer-reviewed journalsTrial registration numberNCT02501005.
Multifaceted intervention to enhance cognition in older people at risk of cognitive decline: study protocol for the Protein Omega-3 and Vitamin D Exercise Research (PONDER) study
Authors: Macpherson Helen , Brownell Sarah , Duckham Rachel L , Meyer Barbara , Mirzaee Sam , Daly Robin M 
Published: May 2019

IntroductionAn increasing number of people are living with cognitive impairment and dementia. Current pharmacological therapies at best reduce Alzheimer’s disease symptomatology but do not delay dementia onset in those at high risk. Structured exercise interventions can enhance cognition in older people; however, to produce long lasting, clinically relevant cognitive benefits, it is proposed that a multifaceted approach incorporating exercise with dietary supplements will address a wider range of mechanisms involved in cognitive decline. The Protein Omega-3 aNd vitamin D Exercise Research (PONDER) study aims to investigate the cognitive effects of a multimodal exercise programme combined with nutritional supplementation in older adults with subjective memory impairment (SMI).Methods and analysisThe PONDER study is a single-centre, 12-month, community-based, parallel group, randomised, double-blind, placebo controlled trial involving a 6-month multifaceted intervention with a further 6-month follow-up. Participants will be 148 people from Melbourne, Australia, aged 60–85 years with SMI who will be randomised (1:1 ratio) to either a 6-month supervised multimodal exercise programme combined with omega-3 fatty acid, vitamin D and protein supplementation or a stretching/flexibility exercise programme combined with placebo supplements. The primary outcome is the change in cognition after 6 months as assessed by the Trail Making Test and global cognitive function assessed from the Cogstate Computerised battery. Secondary outcomes will include memory, working memory/learning and attention/psychomotor function, the Montreal Cognitive Assessment, mood, quality of life, muscle strength, physical function, body composition, cardiovascular health and sleep quality. Cognition at 12 months will represent a secondary outcome.Ethics and disseminationThis study has been approved by the Deakin University Human Research Ethics Committee (project 2016–260). Informed consent will be obtained from all participants. The authors intend to submit the findings of the study to peer-reviewed journals or academic conferences to be published.Trial registration numberACTRN12616001549415; Pre-results.
Effects of expanding outpatient benefit package on the rationality of medical service utilisation of patients with hypertension: a quasi-experimental trial in rural China
Authors: He Ruibo , Miao Yudong , Zhang Liang , Yang Jian , Li Zhong , Li Boyang 
Published: May 2019

ObjectiveTo estimate the effects of expanding outpatient benefit package on ameliorating the issues of over-reliance on inpatient services and seeking higher level medical services in rural China.DesignA quasi-experimental design.Setting and participants1673 pairs of patients with hypertension were selected after using propensity score matching from Dangyang county (intervention group) and Zhijiang (control group) county, Hubei province.InterventionThe outpatient annual reimbursement capping line was expanding from ¥300 to ¥600, daily capping line from ¥10/12 to ¥150. The compensation scope and institution were also enlarged from January 2016.Outcome measuresThe difference-in-differences model was used to estimate the effects on medical service type selection. χ2test was used to verify the effects on medical institution selection. We also examined the effects on health outcomes through the length of stay and blood pressure changes.ResultsThe intervention was associated with 3.225 times (p=0.001) increase in total visits. Outpatient visits increased by 3.3 times (p=0.008), whereas the township level presented a maximum increase of 1.932 times (p=0.001). The inpatient visits declined by 0.075 times (p=0.000), whereas county-level inpatient visits reached a maximum decrease of 0.042 times (p=0.033). Meanwhile, the township level exhibited a maximum proportion growth of 14.8% in outpatient (p=0.000) and 13.3% in inpatient visits (p=0.048). Outpatient visits at the county level dropped at 13.2% (p=0.000), whereas inpatients visits declined by 7.7% (p=0.040). The length of stay and blood pressure were decreased, respectively, compared with the control group.ConclusionImproving outpatient benefit package alleviated patient dependence on inpatient services through motivating outpatient service utilisation, consolidated the primacy of township health centres and guided patients to return to primary medical institutions. The health insurance reform should ‘take the long view’ in the future, and more attention should be paid to the rationality of medical service utilisation.
How people fit in at work: systematic review of the association between person–organisation and person–group fit with staff outcomes in healthcare
Authors: Herkes Jessica , Churruca Kate , Ellis Louise A , Pomare Chiara , Braithwaite Jeffrey 
Published: May 2019

ObjectivesPeople interact with their work environment through being, to a greater or lesser extent, compatible with aspects of their setting. This interaction between person and environment is particularly relevant in healthcare settings where compatibility affects not only the healthcare professionals, but also potentially the patient. One way to examine this association is to investigate person–organisation (P-O) fit and person–group (P-G) fit. This systematic review aimed to identify and synthesise knowledge on both P-O fit and P-G fit in healthcare to determine their association with staff outcomes. It was hypothesised that there would be a positive relationship between fit and staff outcomes, such that the experience of compatibility and ‘fitting in’ would be associated with better staff outcomes.DesignA systematic review was conducted based on an extensive search strategy guided by Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic review and Meta-Analyses to identify relevant literature.Data sourcesCINAHL Complete, EMBASE, Ovid MEDLINE, PsycINFO and Scopus.Eligibility criteriaArticles were included if they were empirical studies, published in peer-reviewed journals in English language, set in a healthcare context and addressed the association that staff outcomes have with P-O and/or P-G fit.Data extraction and synthesisIncluded texts were examined for study characteristics, fit constructs examined and types of staff outcomes assessed. The Quality Assessment Tool was used to assess risk of bias.ResultsTwenty-eight articles were included in the review. Of these, 96.4% (27/28) reported a significant, positive association between perception of fit and staff outcomes in healthcare contexts, such that a sense of compatibility had various positive implications for staff, including job satisfaction and retention.ConclusionAlthough the results, as with all systematic reviews, are prone to bias and definitional ambiguity, they are still informative. Generally, the evidence suggests an association between employees’ perceived compatibility with the workplace or organisation and a variety of staff outcomes in healthcare settings.
Scoping review on interventions to improve adherence to reporting guidelines in health research
Authors: Blanco David , Altman Doug , Moher David , Boutron Isabelle , Kirkham Jamie J , Cobo Erik 
Published: May 2019

ObjectivesThe goal of this study is to identify, analyse and classify interventions to improve adherence to reporting guidelines in order to obtain a wide picture of how the problem of enhancing the completeness of reporting of biomedical literature has been tackled so far.DesignScoping review.Search strategyWe searched the MEDLINE, EMBASE and Cochrane Library databases and conducted a grey literature search for (1) studies evaluating interventions to improve adherence to reporting guidelines in health research and (2) other types of references describing interventions that have been performed or suggested but never evaluated. The characteristics and effect of the evaluated interventions were analysed. Moreover, we explored the rationale of the interventions identified and determined the existing gaps in research on the evaluation of interventions to improve adherence to reporting guidelines.Results109 references containing 31 interventions (11 evaluated) were included. These were grouped into five categories: (1) training on the use of reporting guidelines, (2) improving understanding, (3) encouraging adherence, (4) checking adherence and providing feedback, and (5) involvement of experts. Additionally, we identified lack of evaluated interventions (1) on training on the use of reporting guidelines and improving their understanding, (2) at early stages of research and (3) after the final acceptance of the manuscript.ConclusionsThis scoping review identified a wide range of strategies to improve adherence to reporting guidelines that can be taken by different stakeholders. Additional research is needed to assess the effectiveness of many of these interventions.
Communication skills attitude scale: a translation and validation study in asample of registered nurses in Poland
Authors: Panczyk Mariusz , Iwanow Lucyna , Zarzeka Aleksander , Jaworski Mariusz , Gotlib Joanna 
Published: May 2019

ObjectivesTo translate and validate the Communication Skills Attitude Scale in the Polish language (CSAS-P) and its adaptation for use among registered nurses.DesignA cross-sectional descriptive design was used in order to translate and validate the CSAS-P. The following psychometric properties of CSAS-P were evaluated: content validity (content validity index), theoretical relevance (exploratory and confirmative factor analysis), one-dimensionality of subscales (principal component analysis), internal consistency (Cronbach’s α), test–retest reliability and discriminant validity.SettingParticipants were identified and recruited from the Centre for Postgraduate Education for Nurses and Midwives in Warsaw, Poland.ParticipantsThe validation group comprised 2014 registered nurses who were undertaking a spring specialisation exam in 2017.ResultsThe overall content validity index was >0.80, which was interpreted as indicating validity. The factor structure of CSAS-P differed from the original version, and removing three items from the scale better fit the data. The positive attitude subscale (11 items) and negative attitude subscale (12 items) were characterised by one-dimensionality and high internal consistency (Cronbach’s α=0.901 and 0.802, respectively). Test–retest analysis confirmed the stability of the measurement for both subscales and particular items. Nurses with prior participation in communication courses scored significantly higher than those without such education (p<0.05), confirming the discriminant validity of CSAS-P.ConclusionsThe psychometric properties of CSAS-P were comparable to the English language original. Further validation of CSAS-P in other groups of healthcare professionals may increase its applicability. CSAS-P can be used to evaluate attitudes towards learning communication skills among registered nurses.
Altering standard admission order sets to promote clinical laboratory stewardship: a cohort quality improvement study
Authors: Leis Benjamin , Frost Andrew , Bryce Rhonda , Lyon Andrew W , Coverett Kelly 
Published: May 2019

BackgroundCareful design of preprinted order sets is needed to prevent medical overuse. Recent work suggests that removing a single checkbox from an order set changes physicians’ clinical decision-making.Local problemDuring a 2-month period, our coronary care unit (CCU) ordered almost eight times as many serum thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH) tests as our neighbouring intensive care unit, many without a reasonable clinical basis. We postulated that we could reduce inappropriate testing and improve clinical laboratory stewardship by removing the TSH checkbox from the CCU admission order set.MethodsAfter we retrospectively evaluated CCU TSH ordering before intervention, the checkbox was removed from the CCU admission order set. Twelve weeks later, we commenced a prospective 2-month assessment of TSH testing and clinical sequelae of thyroid disease among all CCU admissions. If clinical indications were absent or testing had occurred within 6 weeks, TSH requests were labelled as ‘inappropriate’.ResultsPhysician ordering and, specifically, inappropriate ordering decreased substantially after the intervention. In 2016 among physician-ordered TSH tests, 60.6% (66/109) were inappropriate; in 2017 this decreased to 20% (2/10, p=0.01). Overall, the net effect of checkbox removal saw the decrease in TSH testing without clinical indication outweigh an increase in missed testing where indications appear to exist.ConclusionsProvision of an optional checkbox for a laboratory test in an admission order set can promote overuse of laboratory resources. Simple removal of a checkbox may dramatically change test ordering patterns and promote clinical laboratory stewardship. Given our reliance on order sets, particularly by trainees, changes to order sets must be cautious to assure guideline-directed care is maintained.
Imminent death: clinician certainty and accuracy of prognostic predictions
Authors: White Nicola , Reid Fiona , Vickerstaff Victoria , Harries Priscilla , Tomlinson Christopher , Stone Patrick 
Published: May 2019

ObjectivesTo determine the accuracy of predictions of dying at different cut-off thresholds and to acknowledge the extent of clinical uncertainty.DesignSecondary analysis of data from a prospective cohort study.SettingAn online prognostic test, accessible by eligible participants across the UK.ParticipantsEligible participants were members of the Association of Palliative Medicine. 99/166 completed the test (60%), resulting in 1980 estimates (99 participants × 20 summaries).Main outcome measuresThe probability of death occurring within 72 hours (0% certain survival−100% certain death) for 20 patient summaries. The estimates were analysed using five different thresholds: 50/50%, 40/60%, 30/70%, 20/80% and 10/90%, with percentage values between these extremes being regarded as ‘indeterminate’. The positive predictive value (PPV), negative predictive value (NPV) and the number of indeterminate cases were calculated for each cut-off.ResultsUsing a <50% versus >50% threshold produced a PPV of 62%, an NPV of 74% and 5% indeterminate cases. When the threshold was changed to ≤10% vs ≥90%, the PPV and NPV increased to 75% and 88%, respectively, at the expense of an increase of indeterminate cases up to 62%.ConclusionWhen doctors assign a very high (≥90%) or very low (≤10%) probability of imminent death, their prognostic accuracy is improved; however, this increases the number of ‘indeterminate’ cases. This suggests that clinical predictions may continue to have a role for routine prognostication but that other approaches (such as the use of prognostic scores) may be required for those cases where doctors’ estimates are indeterminate.