bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Failure dynamics of landslide scars on the lower continental slope of the Tyrrhenian Calabrian margin: insights from an integrated morpho-bathymetric and seismic analysis
Authors: Casalbore Daniele , Martorelli Eleonora , Bosman Alessandro , Morelli Eleonora , Latino Chiocci Francesco 
Published: March 2018

Abstract

The collection of high-resolution multibeam bathymetry off the tectonically controlled Tyrrhenian Calabrian margin (southern Tyrrhenian Sea) allowed us to recognize several mass-wasting processes, including shelf-indenting canyons and several landslide scars ranging over different spatial scales. In this paper, we aim to characterize two large submarine landslides (S1 and S2) affecting an area of
c.
7 and 14 km
2
, respectively; both scars occur within water depths of 700–1000 m on slope gradients of 1.5−3°. S1 is interpreted as a disintegrative landslide, because most parts of the related landslide deposits were evacuated from the scar and are not recognizable on the present-day bathymetry, whereas the landslide deposits of S2 are well-preserved and mostly confined within the scar, indicating a different post-failure evolution. Based on the integration of multibeam bathymetry and single-channel seismic profiles, both the landslides are interpreted as translational failures, whereas their different post-failure behaviour has been associated with differences in material properties (inferred by headscarp morphology), depth of their failure plane and frontal confinement. We also suggest that thick contourite deposits recognized in the area may represent an important preconditioning factor for the development of these landslides, similarly to that observed in the nearby Capo Vaticano scar complex.
A Low-Complexity Approach to Distributed Cooperative Caching with Geographic Constraints
Authors: Avrachenkov Konstantin , Goseling Jasper , Serbetci Berksan 
Published: March 2018

We consider caching in cellular networks in which each base station is equipped with a cache that can store a limited number of files. The popularity of the files is known and the goal is to place files in the caches such that the probability that a user at an arbitrary location in the plane will find the file that she requires in one of the covering caches is maximized.
We develop distributed asynchronous algorithms for deciding which contents to store in which cache. Such cooperative algorithms require communication only between caches with overlapping coverage areas and can operate in asynchronous manner. The development of the algorithms is principally based on an observation that the problem can be viewed as a potential game. Our basic algorithm is derived from the best response dynamics. We demonstrate that the complexity of each best response step is independent of the number of files, linear in the cache capacity and linear in the maximum number of base stations that cover a certain area. Then, we show that the overall algorithm complexity for a discrete cache placement is polynomial in both network size and catalog size. In practical examples, the algorithm converges in just a few iterations. Also, in most cases of interest, the basic algorithm finds the best Nash equilibrium corresponding to the global optimum. We provide two extensions of our basic algorithm based on stochastic and deterministic simulated annealing which find the global optimum.
Finally, we demonstrate the hit probability evolution on real and synthetic networks numerically and show that our distributed caching algorithm performs significantly better than storing the most popular content, probabilistic content placement policy and Multi-LRU caching policies.
TriAL
Authors: Libkin Leonid , Reutter Juan L. , Soto Adrián , Vrgoč Domagoj 
Published: March 2018

Navigational queries over RDF data are viewed as one of the main applications of graph query languages, and yet the standard model of graph databases—essentially labeled graphs—is different from the triples-based model of RDF. While encodings of RDF databases into graph data exist, we show that even the most natural ones are bound to lose some functionality when used in conjunction with graph query languages. The solution is to work directly with triples, but then many properties taken for granted in the graph database context (e.g., reachability) lose their natural meaning.
Our goal is to introduce languages that work directly over triples and are closed, i.e., they produce sets of triples, rather than graphs. Our basic language is called TriAL, or Triple Algebra: it guarantees closure properties by replacing the product with a family of join operations. We extend TriAL with recursion and explain why such an extension is more intricate for triples than for graphs. We present a declarative language, namely a fragment of datalog, capturing the recursive algebra. For both languages, the combined complexity of query evaluation is given by low-degree polynomials. We compare our language with previously studied graph query languages such as adaptations of XPath, regular path queries, and nested regular expressions; many of these languages are subsumed by the recursive triple algebra. We also provide an implementation of recursive TriAL on top of a relational query engine, and we show its usefulness by running a wide array of navigational queries over real-world RDF data, while at the same time testing how our implementation compares to existing RDF systems.
A Fine-grained Event-based Modem Power Model for Enabling In-depth Modem Energy Drain Analysis
Authors: Chen Xiaomeng , Meng Jiayi , Hu Y. Charlie , Gupta Maruti , Hasholzner Ralph , Ekambaram Venkatesan Nallampatti , Singh Ashish , Srikanteswara Srikathyayani 
Published: March 2018

Cellular modems enable ubiquitous Internet connectivities to modern smartphones, but in doing so they become a major contributor to the smartphone energy drain. Understanding modem energy drain requires a detailed power model. The prior art, an RRC-state based power model, was developed primarily to model the modem energy drain of application data transfer. As such, it serves well its original purpose, but is insufficient to study detailed modem behavior, e.g., activities in the control plane.
In this paper, we propose a new methodology of modeling modem power draw behavior at the event-granularity, and develop to our knowledge the first fine-grained modem power model that captures the power draw of all LTE modem radio-on events in different RRC modes. Second, we quantitatively demonstrate the advantages of the new model over the state-based power model under a wide variety of context via controlled experiments. Finally, using our fine-grained modem power model, we perform the first detailed modem energy drain in-the-wild study involving 12 Nexus 6 phones under normal usage by 12 volunteers spanning a total of 348 days. Our study provides the first quantitative analysis of energy drain due to modem control activities in the wild and exposes their correlation with context such as location and user mobility.
GPU Performance vs. Thread-Level Parallelism
Authors: Lin Zhen , Mantor Michael , Zhou Huiyang 
Published: March 2018

Graphics Processing Units (GPUs) leverage massive thread-level parallelism (TLP) to achieve high computation throughput and hide long memory latency. However, recent studies have shown that the GPU performance does not scale with the GPU occupancy or the degrees of TLP that a GPU supports, especially for memory-intensive workloads. The current understanding points to L1 D-cache contention or off-chip memory bandwidth. In this article, we perform a novel scalability analysis from the perspective of throughput utilization of various GPU components, including off-chip DRAM, multiple levels of caches, and the interconnect between L1 D-caches and L2 partitions. We show that the interconnect bandwidth is a critical bound for GPU performance scalability.
For the applications that do not have saturated throughput utilization on a particular resource, their performance scales well with increased TLP. To improve TLP for such applications efficiently, we propose a fast context switching approach. When a warp/thread block (TB) is stalled by a long latency operation, the context of the warp/TB is spilled to spare on-chip resource so that a new warp/TB can be launched. The switched-out warp/TB is switched back when another warp/TB is completed or switched out. With this fine-grain fast context switching, higher TLP can be supported without increasing the sizes of critical resources like the register file. Our experiment shows that the performance can be improved by up to 47% and a geometric mean of 22% for a set of applications with unsaturated throughput utilization. Compared to the state-of-the-art TLP improvement scheme, our proposed scheme achieves 12% higher performance on average and 16% for unsaturated benchmarks.
Human Elongation Factor 4 Regulates Cancer Bioenergetics by Acting as a Mitochondrial Translation Switch
Authors: Zhu Ping , Liu Yongzhang , Zhang Fenglin , Bai Xiufeng , Chen Zilei , Shangguan Fugen , Zhang Bo , Zhang Lingyun , Chen Qianqian , Xie Deyao , Lan Linhua , Xue Xiangdong , Liang Xing-Jie , Lu Bin , Wei Taotao , Qin Yan 
Published: March 2018

Abstract
Mitochondria regulate cellular bioenergetics and redox states and influence multiple signaling pathways required for tumorigenesis. In this study, we determined that the mitochondrial translation elongation factor 4 (EF4) is a critical component of tumor progression. EF4 was ubiquitous in human tissues with localization to the mitochondria (mtEF4) and performed quality control on respiratory chain biogenesis. Knockout of mtEF4 induced respiratory chain complex defects and apoptosis, while its overexpression stimulated cancer development. In multiple cancers, expression of mtEF4 was increased in patient tumor tissues. These findings reveal that mtEF4 expression may promote tumorigenesis via an imbalance in the regulation of mitochondrial activities and subsequent variation of cellular redox. Thus, dysregulated mitochondrial translation may play a vital role in the etiology and development of diverse human cancers.
Significance: Dysregulated mitochondrial translation drives tumor development and progression. Cancer Res; 78(11); 2813–24. ©2018 AACR.
Transition of Mesenchymal and Epithelial Cancer Cells Depends on α1-4 Galactosyltransferase-Mediated Glycosphingolipids
Authors: Jacob Francis , Alam Shahidul , Konantz Martina , Liang Ching-Yeu , Kohler Reto S. , Everest-Dass Arun V. , Huang Yen-Lin , Rimmer Natalie , Fedier Andre , Schötzau Andreas , Lopez Monica Nunez , Packer Nicolle H. , Lengerke Claudia , Heinzelmann-Schwarz Viola 
Published: March 2018

Abstract
The reversible transitions of cancer cells between epithelial and mesenchymal states comprise cellular and molecular processes essential for local tumor growth and respective dissemination. We report here that globoside glycosphingolipid (GSL) glycosyltransferase-encoding genes are elevated in epithelial cells and correlate with characteristic EMT signatures predictive of disease outcome. Depletion of globosides through CRISPR-Cas9–mediated deletion of the key enzyme A4GALT induces EMT, enhances chemoresistance, and increased CD24low/CD44high cells. The cholera toxin–induced mesenchymal-to-epithelial transition occurred only in cells with functional A4GALT. Cells undergoing EMT lost E-cadherin expression through epigenetic silencing at the promoter region of CDH1. However, in ΔA4GALT cells, demethylation was able to rescue E-cadherin–mediated cell–cell adhesion only in the presence of exogenous A4GALT. Overall, our data suggest another class of biomolecules vital for epithelial cancer cells and for maintaining cell integrity and function.
Significance: This study highlights the essential role of glycosphingolipids in the maintenance of epithelial cancer cell properties. Cancer Res; 78(11); 2952–65. ©2018 AACR.
The Social Construction of Reality (1966) Revisited: Epistemology and Theorizing in the Study of Religion
Authors: Dressler Markus 
Published: March 2018

AbstractThis paper takes the social constructivist approach, formulated by Peter Berger and Thomas Luckmann, as a starting point for an investigation into epistemology and theorizing in the contemporary study of religion. It discusses various strands of scholarship in dialogue with social constructivism and questions in particular the reductionism of radical constructivist positions. Exploring the boundaries of the classical social constructivist paradigm, the article argues that students of religion should consider the implication of social, historical, embodied and material structures in the production of knowledge about religion. For that purpose, it draws on various soft realist approaches to stress the importance of remaining attentive to positionality (reflecting on the sites from where we theorize) and contextuality (reflecting on the inter-relation of discourse and materiality) in theorizing “religion”. Finally, the article suggests that soft realist positions can be integrated in a slightly broadened social constructivist framework for the study of religion.
Mare Geneticum: Balancing Governance of Marine Genetic Resources in International Waters
Authors: Broggiato Arianna , Vanagt Thomas , Lallier Laura E. , Jaspars Marcel , Burton Geoff , Muyldermans Dominic 
Published: March 2018

Abstract
A fair and effective regime regulating benefit-sharing of marine genetic resources (mgr) in areas beyond national jurisdiction (abnj) must consider the inclusion of developing states, support scientific research and safeguard investments of the private sector. The present innovative proposal ensures a delicate balance through an approach based on open access, albeit with limitations. Access to mgr in abnj is facilitated, but conditional on the public release of collected samples and raw data. Adoption of the open access principle guarantees a powerful form of non-monetary benefit-sharing. The balance is maintained by the option for an extended embargo period, allowing samples and data to be kept confidential for a certain period, against payment to a biodiversity contribution fund. Monetary benefit-sharing, as a sector-negotiated percentage on revenue, could be imposed at the point of product commercialisation, and would offer a tangible payment system with a low transaction cost.
Development of a Surveillance Definition for United States–Mexico Binational Cases of Tuberculosis
Authors: Woodruff Rachel S. Yelk , Miner Mark C. , Miramontes Roque 
Published: March 2018

Objectives: Consistently collected binational surveillance data are important in advocating for resources to manage and treat binational cases of tuberculosis (TB). The objective of this study was to develop a surveillance definition for binational (United States–Mexico) cases of TB to assess the burden on US TB program resources. Methods: We collaborated with state and local TB program staff members in the United States to identify characteristics associated with binational cases of TB. We collected data on all cases of TB from 9 pilot sites in 5 states (Arizona, California, Colorado, New Mexico, and Texas) during January 1–June 30, 2014, that had at least 1 binational characteristic (eg, “crossed border while on TB treatment” and “received treatment in another country, coordinated by an established, US-funded, binational TB program”). A workgroup of US state, local, and federal partners reviewed results and used them to develop a practical surveillance definition. Results: The pilot sites reported 87 cases of TB with at least 1 binational characteristic during the project period. The workgroup drafted a proposed surveillance definition to include 2 binational characteristics: “crossed border while on TB treatment” (34 of 87 cases, 39%) and “received treatment in another country, coordinated by an established, US-funded, binational TB program” (26 of 87 cases, 30%). Applying the new proposed definition, 39 of 87 pilot cases of TB (45%) met the definition of binational. Conclusion: Input from partners who were responsible for the care and treatment of patients who cross the United States–Mexico border was crucial in defining a binational case of TB.
Deaths after feeding-tube withdrawal from patients in vegetative and minimally conscious states: A qualitative study of family experience
Authors: Kitzinger Jenny , Kitzinger Celia 
Published: March 2018

Background: Families of patients in vegetative or minimally conscious states are often horrified by the suggestion of withdrawing a feeding tube, even when they believe that their relative would not have wanted to be maintained in their current condition. Very little is known about what it is like to witness such a death. Aim: To understand these families’ experience of their relatives’ deaths. Design: Qualitative study using in-depth narrative interviews analyzed inductively with thematic analysis. Participants: A total of 21 people (from 12 families) whose vegetative or minimally conscious relative died following court-authorized withdrawal of artificial nutrition and hydration. All had supported treatment withdrawal. Findings: Interviewees were usually anxious in advance about the nature of the death and had sometimes confronted resistance from, and been provided with misinformation by, healthcare staff in long-term care settings. However, they overwhelmingly described deaths as peaceful and sometimes even as a “good death.” There was (for some) a significant “burden of witness” associated with the length of time it took the person to die and/or distressing changes in their appearance. Most continued to voice ethical objections to the manner of death while considering it “the least worst” option in the circumstances. Conclusion: Staff need to be aware of the distinctive issues around care for this patient group and their families. It is important to challenge misinformation and initiate honest discussions about feeding-tube withdrawal and end-of-life care for these patients. Families (and staff) need better support in managing the “burden of witness” associated with these deaths.
68Ga-somatostatin receptor analogs and 18F-FDG PET/CT in the localization of metastatic pheochromocytomas and paragangliomas with germline mutations: a meta-analysis
Authors: Kan Ying , Zhang Shuxin , Wang Wei , Liu Jie , Yang Jigang , Wang Zhenchang 
Published: March 2018

Background Metastatic pheochromocytoma and paraganglioma (PCs/PGLs) show high germline mutation, and 18F-FDG and 68Ga-DOTA peptide positron emission tomography/computed tomography (PET/CT) imaging are recommended for the diagnosis of metastatic of PCs. However, there has been lack of direct comparison of the two modalities in the diagnosis of metastatic of PCs up to now. Purpose To evaluate and compare the value of localization of 68Ga-somatostatin receptor analogs and 18F-FDG in the diagnosis of metastatic PCs/PGLs. Material and Methods A comprehensive literature search of PubMed/MEDLINE, ScienceDirect, and Web of Science was performed in accordance with the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Review and Meta-analysis (PRISMA) guidelines published in August 2016. We critically reviewed all studies based on the PICOS criteria. QUADAS-2 was used to evaluate the quality of the methodology of the included studies. Results This meta-analysis included 17 studies (629 patients, average age [mean ± SD] = 42.7 ± 6.3 years). The pooled sensitivity and specificity of 18F-FDG and 68Ga peptides were 0.85 (95% confidence interval [CI] = 0.78–0.91) and 0.55 (95% CI = 0.37–0.73), and 0.95 (95% CI = 0.92–0.97) and 0.87 (95% CI = 0.63–0.96), respectively. The area under the sROC curves of the 18F-FDG and 68Ga peptides were 0.88 (95% CI = 0.85–0.91) and 0.78 (95% CI = 0.74–0.81), respectively. A subgroup analysis demonstrated that the difference at the per-lesion level and gene mutation level was significant. Conclusion Compared to 18F-FDG PET/CT, the 68Ga-somatostatin receptor demonstrated good performance in the localization of metastatic PCs/PGLs, especially those with germline mutations. The use of the 68Ga-somatostatin receptor can be a new tool in the diagnosis of metastatic PCs/PGLs.
Segmental Maxillary Distraction Osteogenesis With a Hybrid-Type Distractor in the Management of Wide Alveolar Cleft
Authors: Zhang Jianfei , Zhang Wenbin , Shen Steve Guofang 
Published: March 2018

Objective: To investigate segmental maxillary distraction osteogenesis (DO) with hybrid-type distractor in the management of wide alveolar cleft. Patients and Methods: Six patients underwent segmental DO with a hybrid-type distractor. After the success of DO and 3-month consolidation period, removal of the distractor was accompanied by alveolar bone graft with iliac bone. Panoramic radiograph and computed tomography scanning were taken preoperatively (T0) and the day after distractor removal (T1). The crest distance between the long axis of cleft nearby teeth was measured. Result: All patients completed the DO period, and the succeeding alveolar bone graft healing was uneventful. The mean cleft distance decrease was 12.05 mm (range: 10.1-13.5 mm). As for the mobility degree record of abutment tooth in the transport segment recorded, 6 patients were grading I° at T0, while 5 patients were grading I° and 1 patient was grading II° at T1. Conclusion: Segmental maxillary DO with the hybrid-type distractor is successful to reduce the cleft width in these cases, and it is promising in the treatment of wide dental alveolar cleft, especially for the adult patient.
Bleeding Events in Thrombocytopenic Patients With Cancer Undergoing Acute Rehabilitation
Authors: Neal Jacqueline , Shahpar Samman , Spill Gayle , Semik Patrick , Marciniak Christina 
Published: March 2018

Objectives: To determine incidence of bleeding in thrombocytopenic patients with cancer undergoing acute inpatient rehabilitation. Design: This is an observational cross-sectional retrospective study. Setting: Acute inpatient academic rehabilitation facility. Participants: Adult patients admitted to acute inpatient rehabilitation with functional impairments secondary to cancer. Methods: Electronic records were reviewed for thrombocytopenic patients with cancer to determine platelet counts, bleeding events during rehabilitation, and anticoagulant medications prescribed. Main outcomes measurements: Type and number of bleeding events, severity of bleeding by World Health Organization criteria. Results: Of the 278 patients with cancer admitted to acute rehabilitation over a 27-month time frame, 119 had at least one platelet count <150 000/µL. In all, 37 (31.1%) had a history of a bleeding event prior to the rehabilitation admission and 34 (28.6%) had at least one bleeding complication during their stay. Most events (87.5%) were of low grade (Grade 1 and 2 World Health Organization criteria). There was no association between platelet counts <11 000 or counts 11 000 to 20 000/µL and the occurrence of bleeding ( P = .106 and P = .319, respectively). Although anticoagulants were common, there was no association found with a bleeding event and either anticoagulation status (receiving or not on such agents), specific anticoagulant or antiplatelet agents, or a combination. Conclusions: Bleeding events in patients with cancer with thrombocytopenia during acute rehabilitation stay are not uncommon but are typically mild in severity and not associated with the degree of thrombocytopenia. Patients taking anticoagulants when platelet levels rose did experience bleeding events, but not at a statistically greater rate than those not taking such medications.