bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The effects of elastane and finishing processes on the performance properties of denim fabrics
Authors: Eryuruk Selin Hanife 
Published: February 2019

PurposeThe main factors affecting consumers when selecting denim garments are aesthetic, appearance and fashion. Besides these factors, comfort and performance properties of the denim garments during usage are very important. The purpose of this paper is to determine the effects of different finishing processes on the performance properties of 100 percent cotton and 98 percent cotton+2 percent elastane denim fabrics.Design/methodology/approachThe research design for this study consists of experimental study. In order to evaluate the effects of finishing on the performance properties of fabrics, eight types of fabrics were selected for evaluation. Rigid, resin, bleaching and softening type fabrics with and without elastane were analyzed statistically.FindingsThe results obtained in the study clearly showed that the types of finishing and elastane fiber in the fabric structure had a significant influence on mechanical and comfort properties of denim fabrics.Originality/valueAs a result of the literature review, it was seen that there were limited studies concerning mechanical, functional and comfort properties of denim fabrics together. In this study, the effects of finishing processes on the tear strength, stiffness, drape, mechanical and thermal comfort characteristics were deeply evaluated.
Improved binomial and Poisson approximations to the Type-A operating characteristic function
Authors: Chukhrova Nataliya , Johannssen Arne 
Published: February 2019

PurposeIn acceptance sampling, the hypergeometric operating characteristic (OC) function (so called type-A OC) is used to be approximated by the binomial or Poisson OC function, which actually reduce computational effort, but do not provide suffcient approximation results. The purpose of this paper is to examine binomial- and Poisson-type approximations to the hypergeometric distribution, in order to find a simple but accurate approximation that can be successfully applied in acceptance sampling.Design/methodology/approachThe authors present a new binomial-type approximation for the type-A OC function, and derive its properties. Further, the authors compare this approximation via an extensive numerical study with other common approximations in terms of variation distance and relative efficiency under various conditions on the parameters including limiting cases.FindingsThe introduced approximation generates best numerical results over a wide range of parameter values, and ensures arithmetic simplicity of the binomial distribution and high accuracy to meet requirements regarding acceptance sampling problems. Additionally, it can considerably reduce the computational effort in relation to the type-A OC function and therefore is strongly recommended for calculating sampling plans.Originality/valueThe newly presented approximation provides a remarkably close fit to the type-A OC function, is discrete and needs no correction for continuity, and is skewed in the same direction by roughly the same amount as the exact OC. Due to less factorials, this OC in general involves lower powers than the type-A OC function. Moreover, the binomial-type approximation is easy to fit to the conventional statistical computing packages.
Responsible innovation and social innovation: toward an integrative research framework
Authors: Bolz Karsten , de Bruin Anne 
Published: February 2019

PurposeResponsible innovation (RI) and social innovation (SI) are two fields of innovation study experiencing burgeoning policy, practice and research interest. Despite this rapid rise in popularity, the scholarly literature in these two related areas of innovation study remains quite separate, stymieing the growth of shared research insights. The purpose of this paper is to propose a pragmatic, process-based framework that lends itself to advancing systematic research in both fields while retaining their distinct identities.Design/methodology/approachThis conceptual paper outlines an analogy-inspired framework that builds on the logical thinking put forward by Philosopher Willard Van Orman Quine in 1962. It focusses on key processes that cross-cut both fields.FindingsReflexivity, collaboration and design are identified as three broad core processes that span both the RI and SI fields and form the basis of an integrative framework that highlights the scope for cross-field research pollination.Originality/valueThe literature that draws these two fields together is virtually non-existent. The paper uses analogy to facilitate awareness of the parallels between these two areas of innovation study. The integrative framework put forward in the paper is of value for advancing cumulative research in innovation fields of critical importance to the society.
Evaluating the labour productivity of social enterprises in comparison to SMEs in Australia
Authors: Abbott Malcolm , Barraket Jo , Castellas Erin I-Ping , Hiruy Kiros , Suchowerska Roksolana , Ward-Christie Libby 
Published: February 2019

Purpose
The social economy – including not-for-profits, cooperatives, mutual organisations and social enterprises – is playing a stronger role than ever in the delivery of public policy. Yet, these organisations are often anecdotally viewed as relatively inefficient providers. The purpose of this paper is to compare the profitability and labour productivity of social enterprises in the State of Victoria in Australia with that of small- and medium-sized business enterprises (SMEs) in the same state. This paper found that, although social enterprises generally generated smaller profits and, therefore, could be less profitable, their relative level of labour productivity (value added and income to labour employed) was comparable or higher than that of SMEs. This paper responds to the need for comparative insights about social enterprise performance and considers the implications of these findings for new public governance.

Design/methodology/approach
The social economy – including not-for-profits, cooperatives, mutual organisations and social enterprises – is playing a stronger role than ever in the delivery of public policy. Yet these organisations are often anecdotally viewed as relatively inefficient providers.

Findings
This paper found that, although social enterprises generally generated smaller profits and, therefore, could be less profitable, their relative level of labour productivity (value added and income to labour employed) was comparable or higher than that of SMEs. This paper responds to the need for comparative insights about social enterprise performance and considers the implications of these findings for new public governance.

Originality/value
This is the first work that has been done of this sort that has looked specifically at Australia circumstances.
Pre‐discharge home visits: A qualitative exploration of the experience of occupational therapists and multidisciplinary stakeholders
Authors: Godfrey Maureen , Cornwell Petrea , Eames Sally , Hodson Tenelle , Thomas Tara , Gillen Ailsa 
Published: February 2019

IntroductionThe evidence base surrounding occupational therapy pre‐discharge home visits discusses current practices, potential beneficial outcomes and limitations. However, research is limited, regarding how clinical teams determine which patients receive this service. This study aims to explore perceptions of occupational therapists and multidisciplinary stakeholders concerning pre‐discharge home visits through their experiences and current practice in the Australian context.MethodA qualitative descriptive approach, using thematic analysis, was employed. Four focus groups were included, comprising 27 health professionals: novice occupational therapists (n = 6), experienced occupational therapists (n = 8), occupational therapy managers (n = 5), and multidisciplinary team members (n = 8).ResultsThree key themes relating to pre‐discharge home visits in clinical practice emerged. The first theme of ‘Recognition of Clinical Factors’ reflected that aspects of the person's occupational performance, environmental and care needs, were prime indicators considered for a pre‐discharge home visit. Secondly, ‘Contextual and Pragmatic Influences’, described clinical setting realities as being significant considerations and strongly mediating practice. A third theme of ‘Perceptions of Value’ showed awareness of the utility of pre‐discharge home visits, while also recognising need to enhance ongoing practice.ConclusionThis qualitative study provides information on factors influencing decision‐making regarding pre‐discharge home visits from the hospital setting. Clinical factors were presented as key considerations, but clinicians’ experiences and perceptions of contextual influences suggest an explanatory factor for practice variation. While multidisciplinary stakeholders’ broadly demonstrated similar rationales for pre‐discharge home visits as those of occupational therapists, therapists’ decision‐making processes for pre‐discharge home visits were shaped by their experience level. Clinicians’ experience finds pre‐discharge home visits to have value and in the absence of clear evidence‐based criteria for whom this element of practice should be provided, participants supported the development of a decision‐making support tool to assist in decision‐making.
Capturing and Explaining Sensory Differences among Organically Grown Vegetable‐Soybean Varieties Grown in Northern California
Authors: Flores David , Giovanni Maria , Kirk Larry , Liles Garret 
Published: February 2019

AbstractVegetable soybean (VS), known as edamame, is appreciated for its robust flavor and exceptional nutrient content. Although the United States is one of the world's leading producers of soy, only a fraction is harvested as edamame. Research involving varietal differences is very limited, particularly among U.S. consumers.Sensory attributes of three VS varieties grown in Northern California (with organic methods) were assessed: Giant Midori (GM), ButterBean (BB), and Kuroshinja (KU). Participants (n = 74) rated four characteristics: flavor, texture, appearance, and overall liking on unlabeled, 11‐point hedonic scales and were asked if they would purchase the variety. A small portion of these participants would again evaluate the varieties, using free choice profiling (FCP) methodology. After these evaluations, texture analyzer, colorimeter, and high‐performance liquid chromatography (free amino acids, sugars, and isoflavones) testing were performed.Among tested varieties, distinct differences in quality were found, with GM preferred first, followed by KU, and BB. GM was significantly harder, a more intense green, had more free sugars and isoflavones and fewer free amino acids, whereas KU and BB trended to be the opposite. Analyzing FCP data with a General Procrustes Analysis, varieties were separated in different factors for flavor and texture, but not appearance.Although repeated, and larger trials are needed, our study signifies that consumers are able to detect differences among VS varieties. Further research may influence producers to grow the variety likely to be most profitable and marketable.
New Estimates of the Mean Ethanol Content of Beer, Wine, and Spirits Sold in the United States Show a Greater Increase in Per Capita Alcohol Consumption than Previous Estimates
Authors: Martinez Priscilla , Kerr William C. , Subbaraman Meenakshi S. , Roberts Sarah C. M. 
Published: February 2019

BackgroundRecent increases in alcohol‐related morbidity and mortality have not occurred alongside notable increases in per capita alcohol consumption (PCC). This discrepancy may be partially due to U.S. PCC estimates not including annual estimates of the percentage of alcohol by volume (%ABV) of beer, wine, and spirits, but rather relying on time‐invariant %ABV values.MethodsBuilding on a prior study covering 1950 to 2002, estimates of the annual mean %ABV of beer, wine, and spirits sold in the United States were calculated using the %ABV of major brands and sales of each beverage type for each state and nationally for the period 2003 to 2016. We applied these estimates to the calculation of annual beverage‐specific and total PCC, and made descriptive comparisons between our PCC estimates and those estimates using invariant %ABV values.ResultsFor all beverage types, our mean %ABV estimates increased nationally and for all but 5 states. The PCC estimates from wine and spirits utilizing variable %ABV values were lower than estimates using invariant %ABV, and consumption from beer was higher. Our total PCC estimates were also lower than %ABV‐invariant estimates; however, the percent change for %ABV‐invariant estimates was 5.8% compared to a 7.9% change in our %ABV‐variant estimates over the 2003 to 2016 period.ConclusionsGiven the application of PCC estimates to understand changes in alcohol‐related morbidity and mortality, the inclusion of annual estimates of the %ABV of alcoholic beverages sold in the United States is necessary to ensure the precision of PCC measures such that the conclusions drawn from these applications are accurate and valid.
Shifts in population size structure for a drying‐tolerant fish in response to extreme drought
Authors: Meijer Christopher G. , Warburton Helen J. , Harding Jon S. , McIntosh Angus R. 
Published: February 2019

AbstractFor freshwater systems, climate change‐induced alterations to drought regimes are a considerable threat to already threatened species. This is particularly poignant for kōwaro (or Canterbury mudfish, Neochanna burrowsius), a critically endangered fish largely restricted to drying‐prone waterways on the Canterbury Plains, New Zealand. By comparing three catchment‐wide surveys (2007, 2010, 2015) within the Waianiwaniwa Valley, we assessed the scale and magnitude of population change induced by 2 years of consecutive drought (2014–15), when compared to surveys during wetter conditions (2007, 2010). The droughts triggered a catchment‐wide switch from adult‐dominated populations to populations comprised of juveniles indicated by a significant reduction in median size (~95 mm during the wet to ~60 mm after drought). In comparison, population abundances were highly variable, indicated by no significant change in catch‐per‐unit‐effort. The large variation in catch rates and connection of median size to reproductive potential mean median size will be useful to measure in monitoring to infer potential changes to population resilience, particularly during extreme events. Furthermore, because N. burrowsius could be regarded as extremophile fish, already restricted to harsh habitats, they are likely to become increasingly threatened by climate change. Thus, tools that allow for insightful comparisons between populations, such as a population resilience framework based on both abundance and body size distribution, will be increasingly important for pragmatic decision‐making for targeted conservation measures.
Population structure and natural history of the South American fruit‐feeding butterflyTaygetis ypthima(Lepidoptera: Nymphalidae)
Authors: Schaeffer Pedrotti Vanessa , Oliveira Mega Nicolás , Piccoli Romanowski Helena 
Published: February 2019

AbstractFruit‐feeding butterflies occur in tropical and subtropical forests; however, knowledge of the variations in abundance and structure at the population level under seasonal cycles in temperature is still lacking. Understanding how populations are organised is essential to unveiling the ecological factors that can influence their dynamics. We studied the population biology and natural history of the satyrineTaygetis ypthimaHübner, [1821], which occurs in the Atlantic Rainforest, using capture‐mark‐recapture and behavioural methods. From August 2014 to August 2015, 262 captures (131 males and 131 females) were recorded on 22 sampling occasions, with a sampling effort of 7620 trap‐days and 309 net‐hours. Adults were found year round. The numbers were lowest in summer and peaked in winter, which is unusual for subtropical regions. Females were larger, moved more and exhibited longer residence times compared with males; these patterns were possibly related to behavioural differences between sexes. Territory disputes between males were observed frequently in July–August. The longest‐lived butterfly was 247 days old when the study was terminated. To the best of our knowledge, this is the longest documented longevity for a butterfly in the Neotropics. The age structure of the population varied throughout the year. In winter, when the study started, the whole population was middle‐aged, and by late spring, all butterflies were old. Young individuals appeared beginning in early summer, and then, by early autumn, all were middle‐aged again, suggesting that the population has periods of higher recruitment of butterflies from pupae that came from the same generation. The data obtained here are a basis for future investigations to determine the environmental factors affecting the population dynamics ofT. ypthimaand to understand the role landscape heterogeneity plays in the maintenance of viable populations.
Significance of methylation status of MASPIN gene and its protein expression in prognosis of gallbladder cancer
Authors: Baghel Kavita , Kazmi Hasan Raza , Chandra Abhijit , Raj Saloni , Srivastava Rajeshwar Nath 
Published: February 2019

AbstractAimWe investigated prognostic significance of methylation status of MASPIN gene and its protein expression in normal subjects, cholelithiasis and gallbladder cancer (GBC) patients.MethodsMASPIN protein expression and its promoter methylation in gallbladder tissue of cholelithiasis (n = 36), GBC (n = 46) and controls (n = 25) were investigated. Clinicopathological parameters and prognosis of patients with GBC were correlated with protein expression of MASPIN. Survival analysis of GBC patients was performed using Kaplan–Meier method.ResultsSignificant increased (P < 0.0001) protein expression of MASPIN was observed in GBC as compared to cholelithiasis, whereas negligible expression was found in normal tissues. Methylation‐specific PCR revealed statistical significant (P = 0.005) difference in methylation status of MASPIN promoter between gallstone and GBC patients. Significant association was observed between methylation profile with protein expression of MASPIN (P = 0.004), stage (P = 0.011) and cellular differentiation (P = 0.012) for GBC. Also, significant (P = 0.004) difference in survival was observed for malignant patients having demethylated MASPIN promoter. Further significant negative correlation (Pearson's coefficient [r] = −0.617; P < 0.0001) was observed between MASPIN expression and survival of cancer patients after surgery. Overall survival was significantly shorter (P ≤ 0.0001; hazard ratio [HR] for death = 2.84; 95% confidence interval [CI], 0.09865–0.3683) in patients of GBC with MASPIN expression ≥169.56 pg/mg (median survival; 10 months) with compared to those with expression <169.56 pg/mg (median survival; 16 months).ConclusionOverexpression of MASPIN protein may play an important role in malignant progression and is correlated with a poor prognosis. Also MASPIN DNA methylation can be used as a novel therapeutic target for treating GBC.
Exposure to indoor endocrine‐disrupting chemicals and childhood asthma and obesity
Authors: Paciência Inês , Cavaleiro Rufo João , Silva Diana , Martins Carla , Mendes Francisca , Farraia Mariana , Delgado Luís , de Oliveira Fernandes Eduardo , Padrão Patrícia , Moreira Pedro , Severo Milton , Barros Henrique , Moreira André 
Published: February 2019

AbstractBackgroundIndoor air contaminants may act as endocrine‐disrupting chemicals (EDCs). However, to what extent these contaminants affect health is poorly known. We aimed to assess the association between EDCs exposure and asthma, respiratory symptoms and obesity in schoolchildren.MethodsData from a cross‐sectional analysis of 815 participants from 20 schools in Porto, Portugal, were analysed. Symptoms were assessed, asthma was defined on lung function, and airway reversibility and body mass index (BMI) were calculated. The concentrations of 13 volatile organic compounds and 2 aldehydes identified as EDCs were measured in 71 classrooms throughout 1 week. Principal component analysis (PCA) was used to assess the effect of co‐exposure. Associations were estimated by regression coefficients using linear and logistic regression models.ResultsIncreased individual and combined EDCs levels were found in classrooms having more children with asthma and obesity. Higher levels of hexane, styrene, cyclohexanone, butylated hydroxytoluene and 2‐butoxyethanol were associated with obesity, and higher levels of cyclohexanone were associated with increased child BMI. Toluene, o‐xylene, m/p‐xylene and ethylbenzene were significantly associated with nasal obstruction. A positive association was found between PC1 and the risk of obese asthma (OR = 1.43, 95% CI 1.01, 1.98) and between PC2 and overweight (OR = 1.51, 95% CI 1.28, 1.79). PC1 and PC2 were also associated with nasal obstruction, and PC2 was associated with breathing difficulties and lean body mass, although EDCs concentrations were low.ConclusionsOur findings further support the role of EDCs in asthma and obesity development. Moreover, even low levels of indoor exposure may influence the risk of asthma, respiratory symptoms and obesity.
A brief history of oocyte cryopreservation: Arguments and facts
Authors: Iussig Benedetta , Maggiulli Roberta , Fabozzi Gemma , Bertelle Sara , Vaiarelli Alberto , Cimadomo Danilo , Ubaldi Filippo M. , Rienzi Laura 
Published: February 2019

AbstractThe term “cryopreservation” refers to the process of cooling cells and tissues and storing them at subzero temperatures in order to stop all biological activity and preserve their viability and physiological competences for future use. Cooling to subzero temperatures is not a physiological condition for human cells; this is probably due to the high content of water in the living matter, whose conversion to ice crystals may be associated with severe and irreversible damage. Among reproductive cells and tissues, metaphase II oocytes are notably vulnerable to cryopreservation, mainly because of their large size, low surface area to volume ratio, relatively high water content and presence of the meiotic spindle. As human biological systems lack efficient internal defense mechanisms against chilling injuries, it is of the utmost importance to supply adequate external support, in terms of cryoprotectant additives, appropriate cooling/warming rates, and suitable long‐term storage. Over the years, scientists have proposed different cryopreservation strategies in the effort to achieve an optimized recipe ensuring cell survival and, at the same time, maintenance of the physiological functions and abilities necessary to continue life. However, despite the first success obtained in the 1980s with frozen oocytes, it was not until recently that notable improvements in the cryopreservation technique, thanks to the advent of vitrification, allowed a breakthrough of this fine procedure.