bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
UV Study of the Fourth Positive Band System of CO and O i 135.6 nm From Electron Impact on CO and CO2
Authors: Ajello J. M. , Malone C. P. , Evans J. S. , Holsclaw G. M. , Hoskins A. C. , Jain S. K. , McClintock W. E. , Liu X. , Veibell V. , Deighan J. , Gérard J.‐C. , Lo D. Y. , Schneider N. 
Published: February 2019

AbstractWe have measured the 30 and 100 eV far ultraviolet (FUV) emission cross sections of the optically allowed Fourth Positive Group (4PG) band system (A1Π → X1Σ+) of CO and the optically forbidden O (5So → 3P) 135.6 nm atomic transition by electron‐impact‐induced‐fluorescence of CO and CO2. We present a model excitation cross section from threshold to high energy for the A1Π state, including cascade by electron impact on CO. The A1Π state is perturbed by triplet states leading to an extended FUV glow from electron excitation of CO. We derive a model FUV spectrum of the 4PG band system from dissociative excitation of CO2, an important process observed on Mars and Venus. Our unique experimental setup consists of a large vacuum chamber housing an electron gun system and the Mars Atmosphere and Volatile EvolutioN (MAVEN) mission Imaging Ultraviolet Spectrograph optical engineering unit, operating in the FUV (110–170 nm). The determination of the total O i (5So) at 135.6 nm emission cross section is accomplished by measuring the cylindrical glow pattern of the metastable emission from electron impact by imaging the glow intensity about the electron beam from nominally zero to ~400 mm distance from the electron beam. The study of the glow pattern of O i (135.6 nm) from dissociative excitation of CO and CO2 indicates that the O i (5So) state has a kinetic energy of ~1 eV by modeling the radial glow pattern with the published lifetime of 180 μs for the O i (5So) state.
Short Timescale Analysis of Microseisms and Application to Array Calibration
Authors: Gal M. , Reading A. M. , Ellingsen S. P. 
Published: February 2019

AbstractPrimary and secondary microseisms are analyzed in this study using a novel matched field processing approach that allows for analysis of features with temporal scales of the order of seconds. The majority of previous microseism research employs time averaging; hence, very little is currently known about the properties of the wavefield on such short timescales. We aim to better understand the nature of the microseismic wavefield through applying our novel matched field processing approach to example data from two seismic arrays (USArray and Rio Grande Rift‐Flex Array) in the United States. We find that surface and body wave microseisms on short timescales are observed as pulses of coherent energy, which may be separated in time, embedded in the continuous signal. The pulses display a much larger coherence value in comparison to the commonly employed time averaging approaches, given that they can be separated in time. This allows us to study the spatial correlation of the wavefield and gives an insight into the source and path propagation effects of surface and body waves. We find that the correlation of the short timescale surface wavefield between two stations is dependent on the distance between them and is strongly dependent on their geometric position with respect to the source. Correlations on the PKP wavefield show a decrease with increasing source‐station distance and a mild decrease for azimuthally distributed stations at the same source‐station distance. Finally, we demonstrate how the pulse wavefield can be used for array calibration purposes.
Coastal Iberia Summertime Low‐Level Flow Assessed From Scatterometers
Authors: Monteiro Isabel T. , Vogelzang Jur 
Published: February 2019

AbstractIn summer, the prevailing northerly flow off west Iberia occasionally intensifies and weakens with significant consequences for weather conditions and marine ecology. High‐resolution Advanced SCATterometer (ASCAT) wind products on a 6.25 km grid (ASCAT‐6.25) were used to characterize wind maxima downwind to the major Iberian capes. Wind intensifications downwind Cape Finisterre are large and detached from the coast. They are considered as the response to a large feature in the coastal morphology. Intensifications downwind Cape Roca and Cape São Vicente are smaller and closer to the coast. These are triggered by interaction of supercritical or transcritical flow with topography. ASCAT‐6.25 evening and morning passes show two distinct regimes during intensification events: a southern regime with wind maximum moving toward the coast during the day and a northern regime in which this diurnal shift is not so clear. Another aspect that distinguishes these regimes is the later occurrence of the wind maximum in the southern portion of the coast. Also, wind relaxation events can be identified in ASCAT data. These are followed by a poleward flow of warm water that interrupts the upwelling conditions over west Iberia south of 41°N. Synoptic conditions favorable for the occurrence of intensifications and relaxations were obtained from NWP models. This study was supplemented by RapidScat observations during the summers of 2015 and 2016 at different phases of the diurnal cycle. RapidScat and ASCAT wind fields in combination with NWP data confirm that wind intensifications are multiday events, clearly distinct from the sea breeze circulation.
Sphingomyelin synthase 2 promotes an aggressive breast cancer phenotype by disrupting the homoeostasis of ceramide and sphingomyelin
Authors: Zheng Kehong , Chen Zetao , Feng Haizhan , Chen Ying , Zhang Cheng , Yu Jinlong , Luo Yunfeng , Zhao Liang , Jiang Xiancheng , Shi Fujun 
Published: February 2019

AbstractBreast cancer is the most common type of carcinoma in women worldwide, but the mechanisms underlying tumour development and progression remain unclear. Sphingomyelin synthase 2 (SGMS2) is a crucial regulator involved in ceramide (Cer) and sphingomyelin (SM) homoeostasis that is mostly studied for its role in lipid metabolism. Our primary study indicated that high SGMS2 expression is associated with breast cancer metastasis. Gain- and loss-of-function assays in vitro and in vivo revealed that SGMS2 promotes cancer cell proliferation by suppressing apoptosis through a Cer-associated pathway and promotes cancer cell invasiveness by enhancing epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT) initiation through the TGF-β/Smad signalling pathway. Further study determined that SGMS2 activated the TGF-β/Smad signalling pathway primarily by increasing TGF-β1 secretion, which was likely associated with aberrant expression of SM. Thus, our findings indicate that SGMS2-mediated activation of the TGF-β/Smad signalling pathway is important in breast cancer progression, which provides new insight into the mechanisms underlying breast cancer metastasis and suggests a possible anticancer therapy for breast cancer.
Applying an innovative biodegradable self-assembly nanomicelles to deliver α-mangostin for improving anti-melanoma activity
Authors: Yang Shuping , Gao Xiang , He Yihong , Hu Yuzhu , Xu Bocheng , Cheng Zhiqiang , Xiang Mingli , Xie Yongmei 
Published: February 2019

Abstractα-Mangostin (αM), a traditional natural product with promising application of treating a series of diseases, was limited use in clinical due to its hydrophobicity. Herein, MPEG-PCL nanomicelles were used to embed the αM for resolving hydrophobicity and improving the anti-melanoma effect of the αM. The anti-melanoma activity and potential mechanisms of biodegradable αM/MPEG-PCL nanomicelles were investigated. The αM/MPEG-PCL nanomicelles possessed a stronger effect on anti-melanoma compared to the free αM both in vitro and in vivo with a low cytotoxicity in non-tumor cell lines. In the research of mechanisms, the αM/MPEG-PCL nanomicelles inhibited the proliferation of melanoma cell, induced apoptosis via both apoptosis pathways of intrinsic and exogenous in vitro, as well as suppressed tumor growth and restrained angiogenesis in vivo, which implied that the αM/MPEG-PCL nanomicelles have potential application as a novel chemotherapeutic agent in melanoma therapy.
MPC1 deficiency accelerates lung adenocarcinoma progression through the STAT3 pathway
Authors: Zou Hongbo , Chen Qian , Zhang Anmei , Wang Songtao , Wu Hong , Yuan Ye , Wang Shuang , Yu Jing , Luo Mao , Wen Xianmei , Cui Wei , Fu Wenjuan , Yu Ruilian , Chen Lin , Zhang Ming , Lan Haitao , Zhang Xia , Xie Qichao , Jin Guoxiang , Xu Chuan 
Published: February 2019

AbstractMitochondrial pyruvate carrier 1 (MPC1), a key factor that controls pyruvate transportation in the mitochondria, is known to be frequently dysregulated in tumor initiation and progression. However, the clinical relevance and potential molecular mechanisms of MPC1 in lung adenocarcinoma (LAC) progression remain to be illustrated. Herein, MPC1 was lowly expressed in LAC tissues and significantly associated with favorable survival of patients with LAC. Functionally, MPC1 markedly suppressed stemness, invasion, and migration in vitro and spreading growth of LAC cells in vivo. Further study revealed that MPC1 could interact with mitochondrial signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 (mito-STAT3), disrupting the distribution of STAT3 and reducing cytoplasmic signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 (cyto-STAT3) as well as its phosphorylation, while the activation of cyto-STAT3 by IL-6 reversed the attenuated malignant progression in MPC1-overexpression LAC cells. Collectively, we reveal that MPC1/STAT3 axis plays an important role in the progression of LAC, and our work may promote the development of new therapeutic strategies for LAC.
NETO2 promotes invasion and metastasis of gastric cancer cells via activation of PI3K/Akt/NF-κB/Snail axis and predicts outcome of the patients
Authors: Liu Jun-yan , Jiang Lei , He Tao , Liu Jia-jia , Fan Jun-yan , Xu Xian-hui , Tang Bo , Shi Yan , Zhao Yong-liang , Qian Feng , Wang Yan , Cui You-hong , Yu Pei-wu 
Published: February 2019

AbstractAberrant expression of neuropilin and tolloid-like 2 (NETO2) has been observed during the progression of some human carcinomas. However, the expression pattern and clinical relevance of NETO2 in gastric cancer (GC) remain to be elucidated. In this study, we found that NETO2 expression was higher in GC tissues compared with paired non-cancerous tissues. Moreover, the expression of NETO2 was positively correlated with clinical stage, invasion depth, lymph node metastasis, and tumor size, but inversely correlated with overall and disease-free survival rates. Cox regression analysis identified NETO2 as an independent prognostic indicator for GC patients. Overexpression of NETO2 facilitated migration and invasion of GC cells in vitro and metastasis in vivo in association with induction of epithelial-mesenchymal transition. Conversely, knockdown of NETO2 had the opposite effects. Mechanistically, silencing NETO2 reduced the phosphorylation of PI3K, AKT, and NF-κB p65 as well as the expression of Snail, whereas NETO2 overexpression achieved the opposite results. Furthermore, we identified TNFRSF12A as a mediator for NETO2 to activate PI3K/AKT/NF-κB/Snail axis. Collectively, our results demonstrate that NETO2 promotes invasion and metastasis of GC cells and represents a novel prognostic indicator as well as a potential therapeutic target in GC.
Non-lytic clearance of influenza B virus from infected cells preserves epithelial barrier function
Authors: Dumm Rebekah E. , Fiege Jessica K. , Waring Barbara M. , Kuo Chay T. , Langlois Ryan A. , Heaton Nicholas S. 
Published: February 2019

AbstractInfluenza B virus (IBV) is an acute, respiratory RNA virus that has been assumed to induce the eventual death of all infected cells. We and others have shown however, that infection with apparently cytopathic viruses does not necessarily lead to cell death; some cells can intrinsically clear the virus and persist in the host long-term. To determine if any cells can survive direct IBV infection, we here generate a recombinant IBV capable of activating a host-cell reporter to permanently label all infected cells. Using this system, we demonstrate that IBV infection leads to the formation of a survivor cell population in the proximal airways that are ciliated-like, but transcriptionally and phenotypically distinct from both actively infected and bystander ciliated cells. We also show that survivor cells are critical to maintain respiratory barrier function. These results highlight a host response pathway that preserves the epithelium to limit the severity of IBV disease.
Applicability of Aerosol Deposition Process for flexible electronic device and determining the Film Formation Mechanism with Cushioning Effects
Authors: Lee Chuljun , Cho Myung-Yeon , Kim Myungjun , Jang Jiyun , Oh Yoonsub , Oh Kihoon , Kim Seunghyun , Park Byungwook , Kim Byungkwan , Koo Sang-Mo , Oh Jong-Min , Lee Daeseok 
Published: February 2019

AbstractIn this paper, we demonstrated the feasibility of the Aerosol Deposition (AD) method which can be adapted as a future fabrication process for flexible electronic devices. On the basis of this method’s noticeable advantages such as room-temperature processing, suitability for mass production, wide material selectivity, and direct fabrication on a flexible substrate, we fabricated and evaluated a flexible conductive bridge random access memory (CBRAM) to confirm the feasibility of this method. The CBRAM was fabricated by the AD-method, and a novel film formation mechanism was observed and analyzed. Considering that the analyzed film formation mechanism is notably different with previously reported for film formation mechanisms of the AD method, these results of study will provide strong guidance for the fabrication of flexible electronic device on ductile substrate.
Spring Based Connection of External Wires to a Thin Film Temperature Sensor Integrated Inside a Solid Oxide Fuel Cell
Authors: Guk Erdogan , Venkatesan Vijay , Sayan Yunus , Jackson Lisa , Kim Jung-Sik 
Published: February 2019

AbstractThermal management of SOFCs (solid oxide fuel cell) is important for helping to minimise high temperature-related performance losses and maximising cell/stack lifetime. Thin film sensor technology is proposed as an excellent candidate to measure the cell temperature during operation due to its negligible mass, minimal disturbance to normal operation and higher temporal and spatial resolutions. However, the effective application of such sensors in SOFC systems is a challenging endeavour and predicated on incorporating the external wire attachments to complete the electrical circuit. This is because of the high sensitivity of SOFC materials to any interference to operation, limited available space and harsh operating conditions. In this paper, a new concept of packaging external wire attachments to the thin film sensor is described to enable the integration of the sensor in the SOFC system. Temperature measurements have been monitored under OCV and operating condition with the thin film sensor directly from SOFC cathode surface via proposed spring-based wire connection, from room temperature to SOFC operating temperature. The impact of the parameters including contact resistance (Rc) between sensor pads and attached wire on monitored temperature has also been analysed with the contribution of conductive paste. High temporal and spatial resolutions have been obtained with the implemented sensor.
Spatial segregation of dust grains in transition disks
Authors: Villenave M. , Benisty M. , Dent W. R. F. , Ménard F. , Garufi A. , Ginski C. , Pinilla P. , Pinte C. , Williams J. P. , de Boer J. , Morino J.-I. , Fukagawa M. , Dominik C. , Flock M. , Henning T. , Juhász A. , Keppler M. , Muro-Arena G. , Olofsson J. , Pérez L. M. , van der Plas G. , Zurlo A. , Carle M. , Feautrier P. , Pavlov A. , Pragt J. , Ramos J. , Sauvage J.-F. , Stadler E. , Weber L. 
Published: February 2019

Context. The mechanisms governing the opening of cavities in transition disks are not fully understood. Several processes have been proposed, but their occurrence rate is still unknown.
Aims. We present spatially resolved observations of two transition disks, and aim at constraining their vertical and radial structure using multiwavelength observations that probe different regions of the disks and can help understanding the origin of the cavities.
Methods. We have obtained near-infrared scattered light observations with VLT/SPHERE of the transition disks 2MASS J16083070-3828268 (J1608) and RXJ1852.3-3700 (J1852), located in the Lupus and Corona Australis star-forming regions respectively. We complement our datasets with archival ALMA observations, and with unresolved photometric observations covering a wide range of wavelengths. We performed radiative transfer modeling to analyze the morphology of the disks, and then compare the results with a sample of 20 other transition disks observed with both SPHERE and ALMA.
Results. We detect scattered light in J1608 and J1852 up to a radius of 0.54′′ and 0.4′′ respectively. The image of J1608 reveals a very inclined disk (i ~ 74°), with two bright lobes and a large cavity. We also marginally detect the scattering surface from the rear-facing side of the disk. J1852 shows an inner ring extending beyond the coronagraphic radius up to 15 au, a gap and a second ring at 42 au. Our radiative transfer model of J1608 indicates that the millimeter-sized grains are less extended vertically and radially than the micron-sized grains, indicating advanced settling and radial drift. We find good agreement with the observations of J1852 with a similar model, but due to the low inclination of the system, the model remains partly degenerate. The analysis of 22 transition disks shows that, in general, the cavities observed in scattered light are smaller than the ones detected at millimeter wavelengths.
Conclusions. The analysis of a sample of transition disks indicates that the small grains, well coupled to the gas, can flow inward of the region where millimeter grains are trapped. While 15 out of the 22 cavities in our sample could be explained by a planet of less than 13 Jupiter masses, the others either require the presence of a more massive companion or of several low-mass planets.
Die fokussierte transthorakale Echokardiografie in der perioperativen Versorgung
Authors: Vojnar Benjamin , Zoremba Martin 
Published: February 2019

ZusammenfassungMithilfe der fokussierten transthorakalen Echokardiografie (TTE) erhalten wir rasch und nichtinvasiv aktuelle Informationen zum hämodynamischen Status eines Patienten. Diese können nachfolgend unsere aktuelle Therapie und dadurch unser Risikomanagement beeinflussen. Postoperativ hat sich die TTE als Untersuchungsmethode im Aufwachraum und auf der Intensivstation bewährt, um lebensbedrohliche Ursachen für eine Kreislaufdepression zeitnah zu diagnostizieren. Akutpathologika wie eine Perikardtamponade oder die fulminante Pulmonalarterienembolie können so schnell erfasst und evtl. auch zeitintensive Transporte in eine CT vermieden werden. Auch präoperativ kann der Einsatz der TTE sinnvoll sein zur Beurteilung des Volumenstatus, der Pumpfunktion oder hämodynamisch relevanter Vitien. Vor allem bei Operationen mit hohem perioperativem Komplikationsrisiko können diese Erkenntnisse mit in eine „goal-directed therapy“ einfließen. Entsprechende Algorithmen für ein erweitertes hämodynamisches Monitoring und das Volumenmanagement existieren bereits in vielen Bereichen – sie werden aber häufig nicht konsequent umgesetzt und in die Abläufe der eigenen Klinik implementiert. Mit diesem Artikel legen wir Nutzen und Relevanz der hämodynamischen Evaluation mittels TTE in jeder Phase der Patientenversorgung dar. Darüber hinaus stellen wir einen möglichen Algorithmus für die Versorgung kritisch kranker Patienten vor, der auf den wichtigsten transthorakalen Untersuchungen und hämodynamischen Messverfahren basiert. Er soll im klinischen Alltag und insbesondere im Bereitschaftsdienst eine Hilfestellung für den sinnvollen Einsatz der TTE bieten.
Normal Values for Parotid Gland and
Submandibular-Sublingual Salivary Gland Complex Uptake of
99mTechnetium Pertechnetate using SPECT in Mice with Respect to Age,
Sex, and Circadian Rhythm
Authors: Huang Eleonore L. , Steffen Ingo G. , Lukas Mathias , Huang Kai , Aschenbach Joerg R. , Eary Janet F. , Brenner Winfried , Beindorff Nicola 
Published: February 2019

Abstract
Aim The aim of this study was to establish normal values for parotid gland
(PG) and submandibular-sublingual salivary gland complex (SSC) uptake of
99mtechnetium pertechnetate (99mTcO4) as a
function of age, sex and circadian rhythm in mice.
Methods In 12 female (F) and 12 male (M) C57BL/6N mice, nine consecutive
SPECT images of 10 min each were acquired as dynamic acquisitions beginning
5 min after intravenous injection of 80 MBq 99mTcO4. Each
mouse was imaged in follow-up studies at 1, 3, 6, 12 and 24 months of age. In
order to assess for physiologic changes related to circadian rhythm, animals
were imaged during light (sleeping phase) as well as during night conditions
(awake phase). The percentage tracer uptake of the injected activity is
expressed as median %ID.
Results Maximum 99mTcO4 uptake occurred earlier in
PG at 11 min compared to SSC at 79 min (p < 0.001). No significant effect of
circadian rhythm was observed in PG (p = 0.64) and SSC uptake (p = 0.27). With
aging, 99mTcO4 uptake significantly decreased for PG
(p < 0.001) while it increased for SSC (p < 0.001). F (0.5) had a
significantly higher PG uptake than M (0.3; p < 0.001) up to an age of 24
months. However, SSC uptake of F (4.6) was higher than that of M (3.8;
p = 0.014) only at the age of 1 month. Thereafter, F (5.6) had lower SSC uptake
than M (9.2; p < 0.001) from 3 months onwards. Normalizing %ID to gland
volume showed that F had a significantly higher uptake (%ID/mm3) in
both PG (F 0.013; M 0.007; p < 0.001) and in SSC (F 0.110; M 0.075;
p < 0.001).
Conclusion Uptake patterns differed among PG and SSC with a significant
impact of age and sex while circadian rhythm had no significant influence.
Therefore, design of salivary gland studies in mice using
99mTcO4 should consider age and sex as relevant
factors.
Physiotherapie nach einer Knie-TEP – die Individualität im
Blick behalten
Authors: Davies-Knorr Trisha , Wimmer Julia 
Published: February 2019

ZusammenfassungNach Implantation einer Knieendoprothese lohnt es sich, den ganzen Menschen und
nicht nur das lokale Geschehen in den Clinical-Reasoning-Prozess und die
therapeutischen Entscheidungen miteinzubeziehen. Die beiden Fallbeispiele zeigen
eindrücklich, wie dieser weitere Blick zu einer erfolgreichen Therapie
führt.
Evidenzlage zur konservativen Therapie bei akuter Syndesmosenverletzung am oberen Sprunggelenk im Sport
Authors: Reiter Marvin , Vogt Ute , Reuter Sven 
Published: February 2019

ZusammenfassungIn 1–18 % der Fälle wird die Syndesmosenverletzung von einer Bandverletzung am Sprunggelenk begleitet oder tritt isoliert auf. Zu den Risikogruppen gehören vor allem Sportarten mit schnellen Richtungswechseln und Gegnerkontakt wie Fußball oder American Football. Aktuell gibt es im Bereich der Physiotherapie keine Evidenz für die konservative Therapie der akuten Syndesmosenverletzung am oberen Sprunggelenk.Die in den Fachdatenbanken PubMed, Cochrane und PEDro gefundenen und in die vorliegende Arbeit eingeschlossenen 11 Studien zeigten bezüglich der konservativen Therapie einen Konsens in verschiedenen aufgestellten Parametern. Basierend auf der aktuell vorhandenen Literatur ließ sich ein physiotherapeutischer Behandlungsalgorithmus zur ausschließlich konservativen Therapie der akuten Syndesmosenverletzung am oberen Sprunggelenk erstellen.
Zur Nachhaltigkeit des Erfolges in der Rehabilitation
Authors: Koch Uwe 
Published: February 2019

Liebe Leserinnen, liebe Leser,
Zunächst ein gutes, gesundes und erfolgreiches Neues Jahr!„Evidenzbasierung“ ist in der gesamten Medizin – also auch in der Rehabilitation – inzwischen ein breit akzeptiertes Ziel. Das heißt, zumindest in längerfristiger Perspektive sollen nur noch Maßnahmen zur Anwendung kommen (und finanziert werden), deren Wirksamkeit empirisch nachgewiesen ist. Dieses Ziel ist nicht neu und auch nicht kurzfristig erreichbar – weder in der Rehabilitation noch in der Medizin.