bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
جماليات المنافرة في أسلوب مسعود محمد
Authors: Ayoob Dhiya A. 
Published: June 2019

تناولت الدراسة جانبًا فنيًا مهمًا في تجربة الكاتب الكوردي مسعود محمد ولا سيَّما في كتابه(اعادة التوازن إلى ميزان مختل)، تمثَّل في ظاهرة المنافرة التي استثمر الكاتب تجلياتها الفنية، وفاعليتها الدلالية، وأبعادها الجمالية، لتشكيل لغته على نحو يكسبها طاقات إيحائية، وإمكانات تعبيرية، قادرة على تجسيد رؤيته التجديدية، والإيحاء بحالاته الانفعالية،، إذ ينزع نصُّه إلى تحقيق هويته من خلال الاختلاف عن الخطاب الشائع، والتعالي على مرتكزات التعبير التقليدي، وتمثَّلت تلك التجليات بالمنافرة بين المضاف والمضاف إليه، وبين الصفة وموصوفها، وبين المسند والمسند إليه. وقد شكَّلت نصوص مسعود محمد خرقا لافتا في بناء لغته عن طريق المنافرة، ويتجلى المظهر الأبرز من مظاهرها في أشكال متعددة تأتي في مقدمتها الاضافة، إذ طغى هذا النمط من المنافرة على بقية الأنواع، وأسهم في بناء نصوص الكاتب، وإعلاء شعريتها، وتدعيم الدوال بمدلولات جديدة. وحرص الكاتب على توليد دلالات جديدة للمفردات في إحداثه تشكيلات متميزة عن سابقاتها عن طريق التنافر بين الصفة وموصوفها. وسعت المنافرة بين المسند والمسند إليه في أسلوب مسعود محمد _على الرغم من قلتها-إلى تجديد الوظائف النحوية المألوفة، وتحقيق قدر عال من التطور الدلالي، واكساب النص خصوبة دلالية منبثقة عن تباعد الأطراف، أو عدم تجانسها، وهذا يفسح المجال واسعا أمام آفاق تأويلية متجددة، لتحقيق قدر عالٍ من الشعرية.
Financial deepening in a two-sector endogenous growth model with productivity heterogeneity
Authors: Nguyen Quoc Hung 
Published: June 2019

Abstract
This paper studies the effects of financial deepening and fiscal policy on human capital formation, working hours and growth in a model with financial frictions and productivity heterogeneity. The paper first shows that in the range of capital tax rates that attains a balanced growth path, taxation exerts inverted U-shaped effects on growth. The paper then analytically derives and shows that the growth maximizing tax rate and the corresponding growth are increasing concave functions of the financial deepening level. Finally, it is shown that theoretical predictions of the model are in line with data from OECD countries.
Is unemployment on steroids in advanced economies?
Authors: Bella Gabriel Di , Grigoli Francesco , Ramírez Francisco 
Published: June 2019

Abstract
Conventional macroeconomic theory is based on the idea that demand shocks can only have temporary effects on unemployment, however several European economies display highly persistent unemployment dynamics. The theory of hysteresis points out that, under certain conditions, demand disturbances can have permanent effects. We find strong evidence of unemployment hysteresis in advanced economies since the 1990s. Relying on an identification scheme instigated by an insider/outsider model, we exploit the heterogeneity in impulse responses to demand shocks to investigate what labor institutions soften or amplify these responses. Our results indicate that strengthening labor institutions that promote a faster adjustment of real wages, removing disincentives for firms to hire and for workers to be employed, and improving the matching between labor supply and demand can lessen the effects of adverse demand shocks and lead to a faster reversion of unemployment rates to pre-shock levels.
IT-Kernkompetenzen im Bachelorstudiengang „Informationswissenschaften“ an der Hochschule der Medien Stuttgart
Authors: Pfeffer Magnus 
Published: July 2019

Zusammenfassung
Die Lehrangebote im Bereich der informationstechnischen Grundlagen im Studiengang „Informationswissenschaften“ an der HdM Stuttgart wurden in den vergangenen Jahren grundlegend überarbeitet und völlig neu strukturiert. Sie werden nun im „flipped classroom“ Modell unterrichtet und adressieren neben fachlichen Inhalten wie Programmierung, Datenstrukturen und -verarbeitung sowie webbasierte Angebote auch nicht-fachliche Kompetenzen wie Frustrationstoleranz im Umgang mit IT, eigenständiges Arbeiten und Lernen sowie allgemeine Problemlösungsstrategien. Das Konzept konnte erfolgreich im Lehrbetrieb umgesetzt werden und wird im neu angebotenen Schwerpunkt „Daten- und Informationsmanagement“ des Studiengangs weiter ausgebaut.
A comparative analysis of the organic and inorganic carbon content of Halimeda and Penicillus (Chlorophyta, Bryopsidales) in a coastal subtropical lagoon
Authors: Hatt Danielle Catherine , Collado-Vides Ligia 
Published: June 2019

Abstract
Standing stocks of the calcifying algae, Halimeda and Penicillus, have remained stable over the 10 years surveyed (2007–2017) in Florida Bay (USA), a subtropical lagoon. The maximum contribution of calcium carbonate (CaCO3; 779.75 g m−2) was lower compared to tropical lagoons. Halimeda was more abundant and had higher inorganic:organic carbon ratios compared to Penicillus. The abundance of Penicillus varied across the surveyed sites, Sprigger Bank, Bob Allen Keys, and Duck Key, while its inorganic:organic carbon ratios did not vary significantly. Our long-term study provides a critical baseline that can help understand fluctuations in carbonate sediment production by calcareous algae in subtropical coastal waters.
Enhanced oral bioavailability of linagliptin by the influence of gallic acid and ellagic acid in male Wistar albino rats: involvement of p-glycoprotein inhibition
Authors: Shaik Munthaj , Vanapatla Swaroopa Rani 
Published: June 2019

AbstractBackgroundLinagliptin is an antidiabetic drug used for the treatment of type-2 diabetes. The oral bioavailability of linagliptin is low (29.5%) due to its first pass metabolism in the intestine and liver. Gallic acid and ellagic acid are natural polyphenols which are widely distributed in fruits and medicinal plants. Gallic acid and ellagic acid have been reported to inhibit p-glycoprotein (p-gp) and enhance the bioavailability of p-gp substrate drugs. Hence, the purpose of the study was to evaluate the effect of gallic acid and ellagic acid on intestinal transport and bioavailability of linagliptin, a p-gp substrate in diabetic rats.MethodsThe intestinal transport of linagliptin was assessed by conducting anin situsingle-pass intestinal perfusion study. The oral pharmacokinetics was evaluated by conducting oral bioavailability study in diabetic rats.ResultsAfter pretreatment with gallic acid and ellagic acid, no significant change in effective permeability of linagliptin was observed at the ileum part of the rat intestine. A significant improvement in the peak serum concentration (Cmax) and area under the serum concentration time profile (AUC), AUMC, AUCtotaland decrease in clearance were observed in rats pretreated with gallic acid and ellagic acid.ConclusionsThis study demonstrates that gallic acid and ellagic acids increase the bioavailability of oral linagliptin in rats due to the inhibition of p-gp. These animal data need to be confirmed in a clinical setting to determine whether linagliptin dosing should be adjusted when given concomitantly with these phytochemicals or gallic acid/ellagic acid-containing dietary supplements.
Balancing confidence and humility in the diagnostic process
Authors: Wu Jianni , Lowenstein Eve 
Published: June 2019

Abstract
Humility in medicine can be difficult to achieve, yet arguably is one of the most important competencies to master. Overconfidence, on the contrary, is a natural tendency, having established its roots in evolution where quicker and more confident decisions likely conferred a selective advantage. Moreover, humility may evoke an image of weakness and vulnerability, antithetical to contemporary medicine, whose culture is dominated by overconfidence. Nevertheless, humility can be learned, and is important because overconfident behavior can be detrimental to our patients medically, psychosocially and legally, when it results in delayed or missed diagnoses. To achieve humility requires a great deal of metacognition, normalizing doubt and not being afraid to utilize tools that may feel beneath us. To practice humility requires strength and emotional resilience. In this paper we explore the definitions, roles and implications of humility in medicine, and we pose suggestions of how to accomplish this in the diagnostic process.
The lysosomal aminopeptidase tripeptidyl peptidase 1 displays increased activity in malignant pancreatic cysts
Authors: Ivry Sam L. , Knudsen Giselle M. , Caiazza Francesco , Sharib Jeremy M. , Jaradeh Katrin , Ravalin Matthew , O’Donoghue Anthony J. , Kirkwood Kimberly S. , Craik Charles S. 
Published: June 2019

Abstract
Incidental detection of pancreatic cysts has increased dramatically over the last decade, but risk stratification and clinical management remain a challenge. Mucinous cysts are precursor lesions to pancreatic cancer, however, the majority are indolent. Current diagnostics cannot identify mucinous cysts that harbor cancer or reliably differentiate these lesions from nonmucinous cysts, which present minimal risk of malignant progression. We previously determined that activity of two aspartyl proteases was increased in mucinous cysts. Using a global protease activity profiling technology, termed multiplex substrate profiling by mass spectrometry (MSP-MS), we now show that aminopeptidase activity is also elevated in mucinous cysts. The serine aminopeptidase, tripeptidyl peptidase 1 (TPP1), was detected by proteomic analysis of cyst fluid samples and quantitation using targeted MS demonstrated that this protease was significantly more abundant in mucinous cysts. In a cohort of 110 cyst fluid samples, TPP1 activity was increased more than 3-fold in mucinous cysts relative to nonmucinous cysts. Moreover, TPP1 activity is primarily associated with mucinous cysts that harbor high-grade dysplasia or invasive carcinoma. Although only 59% accurate for differentiating these lesions, measurement of TPP1 activity may improve early detection and treatment of high-risk pancreatic cysts when used in conjunction with other promising biomarkers.
Homo- and heterodimerization is a common feature of the solute carrier family SLC10 members
Authors: Noppes Saskia , Müller Simon Franz , Bennien Josefine , Holtemeyer Matthias , Palatini Massimo , Leidolf Regina , Alber Jörg , Geyer Joachim 
Published: June 2019

Abstract
The solute carrier family SLC10 consists of seven members, including the bile acid transporters Na+/taurocholate co-transporting polypeptide (NTCP) and apical sodium-dependent bile acid transporter (ASBT), the steroid sulfate transporter SOAT as well as four orphan carriers (SLC10A3, SLC10A4, SLC10A5 and SLC10A7). Previously, homodimerization of NTCP, ASBT and SOAT was described and there is increasing evidence that carrier oligomerization is an important regulatory factor for protein sorting and transport function. In the present study, homo- and heterodimerization were systematically analyzed among all SLC10 carriers (except for SLC10A3) using the yeast-two-hybrid membrane protein system. Strong homodimerization occurred for NTCP/NTCP, ASBT/ASBT and SLC10A7/SLC10A7. Heterodimerization was observed for most of the SLC10 carrier combinations. Heterodimerization of NTCP was additionally investigated by co-localization of NTCP-GFP and NTCP-mScarlet with respective SLC10 carrier constructs. NTCP co-localized with SLC10A4, SLC10A5, SOAT and SLC10A7. This co-localization was most pronounced for SLC10A4 and was additionally confirmed by co-immunoprecipitation. Interestingly, SLC10 carrier co-expression decreased the taurocholate transport function of NTCP for most of the analyzed constructs, indicating that SLC10 carrier heterodimerization is of functional relevance. In conclusion, homo- and heterodimerization is a common feature of the SLC10 carriers. The relevance of this finding for regulation and transport function of the SLC10 carriers in vivo needs further investigation.
Regulating the development of pulmonary Group 2 innate lymphoid cells
Authors: Helfrich Sofia , Duerr Claudia U. 
Published: June 2019

Abstract
Group 2 innate lymphoid cells (ILC2s) are members of the family of innate lymphoid cells and are innately committed to type 2 immune responses. In the lungs, ILC2s are the predominant population of innate lymphoid cells (ILCs) and their development is orchestrated by several different transcription factors ensuring lineage commitment by intrinsic regulation. ILC2s are present in the lungs from the foetal period onwards and are thus exposed to extrinsic regulation due to the airways’ continuous morphological changes upon birth. In this review, we will briefly summarise the dependence of ILC2s on transcription factors and discuss recently described characteristics and function of early life ILC2s in the lungs.
Cushing disease in a patient with nonbullous congenital ichthyosiform erythroderma: lessons in avoiding glucocorticoids in ichthyosis
Authors: Hartley Iris R. , Costa Beber Nunes Julia , Lodish Maya , Stratakis Constantine A. 
Published: June 2019

Abstract
Nonbullous congenital ichthyosis erythroderma (CIE) is an autosomal recessive disorder of ineffective keratinization. We present a unique case of a 16-year-old female with CIE who developed Cushing disease (CD) at age 13 with concomitant worsening of her skin disease. After transsphenoidal resection of her pituitary adenoma, she had both resolution of her Cushing symptoms and significantly milder skin manifestations of her CIE. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first reported case of a patient with both CD and CIE, one that is important in demonstrating the role of glucocorticoids in this disorder.
Synthesis and biological evaluation of Piroxicam derivative as a lead chelator
Authors: Hosseini Sayed Masoud , Imani Ali , Rahimzadegan Milad , Mohammadi Saeid , Golaghaei Alireza 
Published: June 2019

Abstract
Lead as a potent environmental and occupational pollutant, exerts its toxic effect mainly through oxidative stress induction. Currently, chelation therapy is the only medical management of metal intoxications in clinic, but its administration is associated with various side effects as well. In this study the protective effect of synthetized Piroxicam derivative was evaluated against lead toxicity in vitro. First the chelating activity of Piroxicam derivative was studied through Jobs method and 13C{1H} NMR spectroscopy. Then the cytoprotective effect of Piroxicam derivative (10, 20, 50, 100 and 200 μg/mL) was evaluated and compared with that of EDTA (30 μg/mL) in the presence of lead nitrate (30 μg/mL). The EC50 value of Piroxicam derivative was calculated as well. Finally, the chelation efficacy and antioxidant effects of Piroxicam derivative in EC50 and 2EC50 values was assessed and compared with that of EDTA. Results showed that Piroxicam derivative chelates lead ion as much as EDTA. Moreover, Piroxicam derivative prevented lead-induced cells death more effectively than EDTA which is may due to its potent innate antioxidant activity. In conclusion, the synthetized Piroxicam derivative with possessing potent chelating activity as well as potent antioxidant activity, could be considered as potential drug target in management of toxic metals poisoning.
The stabilities and geometries of Re-encapsulated Sin(n=16, 20, 24, 28, 32, 36, and 40) clusters: A computational investigation
Authors: Zhao Run-Ning , Chen Rui , Lin Fan , Sun Zhen-Wu 
Published: June 2019

Abstract
Geometry optimization of the mixed SinRe (n=12, 16, 20, 24, 28, 32, 36, and 40) cages with doublet, quartet, and sextet spin configurations is carried out systematically at the UHF/LanL2DZ level. Equilibrium structures, total energies, and stabilities of Re@Sin cages are presented and discussed. The calculated results show that all Re@Sin cages of highest symmetry undergo slight distortion into much more stable structures of lower symmetry. The Re atom in the Re@Sin (n=12, 16, 20, 24, 28, 32, 36, and 40) cages deviates from the cage center site of Sin fullerenes. Charge-transfer between Re and Si atoms makes a contribution to the stability of the Sin fullerenes; In addition, the relative stability is discussed, the most stable geometry is assigned.
Bio-inspired plasmonic leaf for enhanced light-matter interactions
Authors: Liu Changxu , Mao Peng , Guo Qinghua , Han Min , Zhang Shuang 
Published: June 2019

Abstract
The mathematical concept of fractals is widely applied to photonics as planar structures ranging from terahertz resonators, optical antennas, to photodetectors. Here, instead of a direct mathematical abstract, we design a plasmonic leaf with fractal geometry from the outline of a leaf from Wargrave Pink. The enhanced light-matter interactions are observed numerically from the improvement in both absorption and near-field intensification. To demonstrate the effect experimentally, a three-dimensional fractal structure is realised through direct laser writing, which significantly improves the photothermal conversion. By virtue of the self-similarity in geometry, the artificial leaf improves the absorption of a 10-nm-thick gold film with 14 ×  temperature increment compared to flat Au film. Not limited to the proof-of-concept photothermal experiment demonstrated here, the fractal structure with improved light-matter interactions can be utilised in a variety of applications ranging from non-linear harmonic generation, plasmonic-enhanced fluorescence, to hot electron generation for photocatalysis.
On the modeling of tensile index from larger data sets
Authors: Karlström Anders , Johansson Lars , Hill Jan 
Published: June 2019

Abstract
The objective of this study is to analyze and foresee potential outliers in pulp and handsheet properties for larger data sets. The method is divided into two parts comprising a generalized Extreme Studentized Deviate (ESD) procedure for laboratory data followed by an analysis of the findings using a multivariable model based on internal variables (i. e. process variables like consistency and fiber residence time inside the refiner) as predictors. The process data used in this has been obtained from CD-82 refiners and from a laboratory test program perspective, the test series were extensive. In the procedure more than 290 samples were analyzed to get a stable outlier detection. Note, this set was obtained from pulp at one specific operating condition. When comparing such “secured data sets” with process data it is shown that an extended procedure must be performed to get data sets which cover different operating points. Here 100 pulp samples at different process conditions were analyzed. It is shown that only about 60 percent of all tensile index measurements were accepted in the procedure which indicates the need to oversample when performing extensive trials to get reliable pulp and handsheet properties in TMP and CTMP processes.
The Jahn-Teller effect in mixed aqueous solution: the solvation of Cu2+ in 18.6% aqueous ammonia obtained from ab initio quantum mechanical charge field molecular dynamics
Authors: Saputri Wahyu Dita , Wijaya Karna , Pranowo Harno Dwi , Hofer Thomas S. 
Published: June 2019

Abstract
The solvation structure and dynamics of Cu2+ in 18.6 % aqueous ammonia have been investigated using an ab initio quantum mechanical charge field molecular dynamics (QMCF MD) simulation approach at the Hartree–Fock (HF) level of theory applying the LANL2DZ ECP and Dunning DZP basis sets for Cu2+, ammonia and water, respectively. During a simulation time of 20 ps, only NH3 molecules are observed within the first solvation shell of Cu2+, resulting in the formation of an octahedral [Cu(NH3)6]2+ complex. While no exchange of these ligands with the second solvation shell are observed along the simulation, the monitoring of the associated N-Ntrans distances highlight the dynamics of the associated Jahn-Teller distortions, showing on average 2 elongated axial (2.19 Å) and 4 equatorial Cu–N bonds (2.39 Å). The observed structural properties are found in excellent agreement with experimental studies. In addition, an NBO analysis was carried out, confirming the strong electrostatic character of the Cu2+–NH3 interaction.
An overview of tools, software, and methods for natural product fragment and mass spectral analysis
Authors: Moumbock Aurélien F. A. , Ntie-Kang Fidele , Akone Sergi H. , Li Jianyu , Gao Mingjie , Telukunta Kiran K. , Günther Stefan 
Published: June 2019

Abstract
One major challenge in natural product (NP) discovery is the determination of the chemical structure of unknown metabolites using automated software tools from either GC–mass spectrometry (MS) or liquid chromatography–MS/MS data only. This chapter reviews the existing spectral libraries and predictive computational tools used in MS-based untargeted metabolomics, which is currently a hot topic in NP structure elucidation. We begin by focusing on spectral databases and the general workflow of MS annotation. We then describe software and tools used in MS, particularly those used to predict fragmentation patterns, mass spectral classifiers, and tools for fragmentation trees analysis. We then round up the chapter by looking at more advanced approaches implemented in tools for competitive fragmentation modeling and quantum chemical approaches.
Mass transfer in falling film microreactors: measurement techniques and effect of operational parameters
Authors: Mohammed Ali Alhafiz , Lokhat David 
Published: June 2019

Abstract
Falling film microreactors have contributed to the pursuit of process intensification strategies and have, over the years, been recognized for their potential in performing demanding reactions. In the last few decades, modifications in the measurement techniques and operational parameters of these microstructured devices have been the focus of many research studies with a common target on process improvement. In this work, we present a review dedicated to falling film microreactors, focusing on the recent advances in their design and operation, with particular emphasis on mass transfer enhancement. Analysis of the recent techniques for the measurement of mass transfer as well as the operational parameters used and their effect on the target objective, particularly in the liquid phase (being the limiting phase reactant), are included in the review. The relationship between the hydrodynamics of falling thin liquid films and the microreactor design, the discrepancies between measured and model results, the major challenges, and the future outlook for these promising microreactors are also presented.
Analysis of the effect of DEK overexpression on the survival and proliferation of bone marrow stromal cells
Authors: Çakar Türkan , Kandilci Ayten 
Published: June 2019

Abstract

Objective
DEK is ubiquitously expressed and encodes a nuclear protein, which is also released from some cells. Overexpression of DEK suppresses proliferation of some blood cell progenitors whereas it increases proliferation of epithelial tumors. We showed that DEK is overexpressed in BM cells of 12% of multiple myeloma (MM) patients. Here, we aimed to test if DEK overexpression effects the proliferation and viability of BM stromal cells or MM cells co-cultured with DEK-overexpressing stromal cells, mimicking the BM microenvironment.

Methods
DEK is stably overexpressed in the BM stromal cell line HS27A. Periodic growth curve and fluorescent activated cell sorting (FACS) analysis was performed to determine the effect of DEK overexpression on HS27A cells and MM cell lines (RPMI-8226 and U266) that are co-cultured with these HS27A cells.

Results
We showed that, on the contrary to blood progenitors or ephitelial cells, DEK overexpression doesn’t alter the viability or proliferation of the HS27A cells, or the MM cell lines which are co-cultured with DEK-overexpressing HS27A cells.

Conclusions
Our results suggest that effect of DEK overexpression on the proliferation is cell type and context dependent and increased DEK expression is tolerable by the stromal cells and the co-cultured MM cell lines without effecting proliferation and viability.