bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Konservatuar Müzik Bölümü Öğrencilerinin Nota Yazım Programlarını Kullanım Durumunun İncelenmesi (Kars Kafkas Üniversitesi Örneği)
Authors: YILMAZ Hüseyin 
Published: September 2019

Özet Bu araştırma, dünyanın birçok yerinde kullanım alanı bulan
bilgisayarlar için tasarlanmış müzik programlarının müzik bilim adamı
yetiştiren kurumlarda yer alan, nota yazım programlarının öğrencilerin ne kadar
tanıyabildiği ve kullanılabilirliğini ölçmek ve gözlemlemek için amaçlanmıştır.
Bu araştırma, konservatuar öğrencilerinin nota yazım programlarını kullanım
durumuna yaklaşımı belirlemeyi amaçlamaktadır. Araştırmada veri toplama aracı
olarak Okay tarafından hazırlanmış olan 10
(on) sorudan oluşan bir anket Kafkas Üniversitesi Devlet Konservatuarı Müzik
Bölümü ve Türk Müziği (TM) Bölümünde eğitim gören 92 öğrenciye uygulanmıştır. Araştırmada
ortaya çıkan sonuçlara göre Devlet Konservatuarın Müzik Bölümü ve Türk Müziği Bölümünde
eğitim gören öğrencilerin meslek yaşantılarında bilgisayarda nota yazım
programını tercih olarak gerekli gördüklerini, lisans eğitimi sırasında tercih
ettikleri, sık sık nota eğitim programını kullandıklarını, armoni, işitme,
eşlik gibi derslerde başarılı olabileceklerini ve nota yazım programlarını
çoğunun kullandığı tespit edilmiştir.Anahtar Kelimeler: Konservatuar, müzik teknolojisi, nota yazımı, müzik yazılım
programıAbstractThe aim of this research is to measure
and observe how much music students in music science institutions are able to
recognize music writing programs which are designed for computers in many parts
of the world. This research aims to determine the approaches of the
conservatory students to the use of note writing programs. In the study, a
questionnaire consisting of 10 (ten) questions prepared by Okay was prepared
and applied to 92 students studying in the Department of Music and Turkish
Music Department of Kafkas University State Conservatory. According to the
results of the study, the students of the Department of Music and Turkish Music
Department of the State Conservatory stated that they preferred to use the note
writing program as a preference in their professional lives; they prefer them during
their undergraduate courses, and often use these programs and they believe that
they can use these tools courses for harmony, audience, acompaniment to be
successful. It is also identified that most of the note writing programs have
been used.

Keywords: Conservatory, music technology, note writing, music software program
Mersin Bölgesinde Yaşayan Yüksek Riskli Myelodisplastik Sendrom Hastalarında Kronik Hastalık Varlığının Sağ Kalım Üzerine Etkisi
Authors: UÇAR Mehmet Ali 
Published: September 2019

Amaç: Myelodisplastik sendrom hematopoetik sistemin klonal kök hücre
hastalığıdır. Myelodisplastik sendrom, 65 yaş üzerinde erkeklerde daha sık
görülen bir hastalıktır. Prognoz tayininde sitogenetik inceleme, kemik
iliğindeki blast sayısı ve sitopeninin derecesinin eklenmesi ile Uluslarası
Prognoz Puanlama Sistemi (IPSS) kullanılır. Yüksek riskli myelodisplastik sendrom
hastalarında kronik hastalıkların sağ kalım üzerine etkisi ve prognostik
değerini tespit etmek üzere bu çalışma planlandı.Yöntem: 2011 ocak ve 2019 ocak yılları arasında Mersin Üniversitesi Tıp
Fakültesi Hematoloji polikliniğinde MDS tanılı hastalar retrospektif olarak
değerlendirildi. 18-96 yaş arası, kronik hastalık varlığı tanı anında veya
öncesinde mevcut olan, kemik iliği biyopsisi ile MDS tanısı konan 124 hasta
çalışmaya alındı. Kategorik değişkenler sayı ve yüzde olarak belirtildi.
Mortalite ile ilişkili bulgular univariable Cox regression analiz ile
değerlendirildi.Bulgular: Hastaların ortalama yaşı 67 yıldı. Kardiyak hastalık, serebrovasküler
hastalık, kanser ve kronik obstruktif akciğer hastalığı mortalite riskini
arttıran olası risk faktörleri olarak saptandı. Yaşın 1 yıl artması 1,03 kat
mortalite riskini arttırdığı saptandı. Kardiyak hastalığı olanlar olmayanlara
kıyasla 1,60 kat mortalite riskine sahipti. KOAH olanlar olmayanlara kıyasla
1,78 kat mortalite riskini sahipti.

Sonuç: İleri yaş, kardiyak hastalık, serebrovasküler hastalık, kanser ve
kronik obstruktif akciğer hastalığı mortalite riskini arttıran olası risk
faktörleri olarak saptandı. Bu çalışma MDS üzerine Mersin bölgesinden yapılmış
tek merkezli en fazla hasta sayısına sahip olan ilk çalışma olması nedeni ile
önemlidir. Bununla birlikte elde ettiğimiz bu verilerin Mersin’de yaşayan MDS
hastalarında kronik hastalık varlığının mortaliteye etkisi ve en uygun tedavi
seçeneklerini belirlemeye ışık tutacağını düşünmekteyiz.
Validation of Hadlock's and Shepard Formulae of Fetal Weight Estimation in Eastern Region of Nepal
Authors: Khadka Roshana 
Published: September 2019

Introduction: Ultrasonography plays a pivotal role in present day obstetrics. It has been well recognized that the fetuses of extremes of the normal birth weight range are associated with increased perinatal morbidity, mortality and adverse development outcomes. Categorization of fetal weight into either the small or large for gestational age may lead to timed obstetric interventions that collectively represent significant departure from routine antenatal care.
Objective: To compare the accuracy of Hadlock's 1, 2, 3, 4 and Shepard model in estimating expected fetal weight and its comparison with actual birth weight in our population at eastern region of Nepal.
Methodology A prospective observational study was performed in the Department of Radiodiagnosis, Nobel Medical college and teaching hospital, Biratnagar, over a period of 6 months dated Jan 2018 to June 2018 using systematic random sampling with sample size estimated as 160, with 5% level of significance, 80% power of test and a maximum of 200 grams differences by our predicting model from actual mean weight. Singleton, term pregnancy (37- 42 weeks gestational age) verified with antenatal USG performed prior to 20 weeks' gestation. Pregnancies complicated by congenital anomalies and deliveries after 2 days of USG examination were excluded.
Results: 159 pregnant ladies were enrolled in our study with mean age of 27.60 ± 5.633 years (range 18-43 years). The average (actual) birth weight recorded was 3450.79±438.73gms. The different formulae for estimating birth weight gave us similar results. Estimation of fetal weight by Shepard gave us a mean of 3340.80 ± 463.72. Hadlock1, Hadlock2, Hadlock3 and Hadlock4were 3546.55±429.92grams, 3491.18±439.49 grams, 3445.23 ±422.79grams, and 3446.12±418.43grams respectively.
Conclusion: All four Hadlock formulae gave comparable results for fetal weight estimation including the Shepard formula; however, Shepard formula tends to underestimate fetal weight as compared to rest of the formulae. Among the Hadlock's, Hadlock 2 seems to show betier accuracy in fetal weight prediction in our population of study. The mean birth weight recorded using Hadlock 1 formula gave the beer correlation with the actual birth weight though the difference between four Hadlock formulae was all insignificant.
Spectrum of Unnatural Deaths in Palpa, Nepal: Autopsy Based Study
Authors: Atreya Alok , Nepal Samata , Gyawali Pushpa Raj 
Published: September 2019

Introduction: Analysis of unnatural death of a community reflects the cause of death and socio-economic strata of that society. Medico-legal autopsies are conducted under the ordinance of legal authority in all cases of unnatural deaths.
Objectives: The present study is aimed to determine the spectrum of unnatural deaths in Tansen Municipality of Papla district of Province 5, Nepal.
Methodology: This autopsy based study was conducted during the Nepalese fiscal calendar 2074/75 which includes all the cases autopsied in the mortuary of District Hospital Tansen, Palpa.
Results: Of total 184 medico-legal autopsies road traffic accidents (RTA) was the leading cause of death (n=53, 28.8%) followed by hanging (n=43, 23.41%) and burn (n=33, 17.9%). Of the 33 cases of burn 25 were females (13.6%) and 8 males (4.3%). There were 13 cases (7.1%) of obscure autopsy.
Conclusion: The present study reflected the spectrum of unnatural deaths in Palpa district of province 5, Nepal which revealed RTA as a leading cause of death, followed by hanging. When gender was taken into account it was revealed that more females succumbed to death due to complications of the burn injuries sustained. Unnatural death due to fatal poisoning was least common finding of the present study although poisoning is one of the leading causes of deliberate self-harm globally. Proposal/program of collaboration of District Hospital with other tertiary care centres of Palpa district is the need of the hour which would provide specific, timely and expert approach to range of medicolegal cases.
If You Want to Get Away with Murder, Use Your Car
Authors: Magusin Heather 
Published: September 2019

The persistently high rate of pedestrian and cyclist road deaths in Canada is a major public health concern and a serious impediment to encouraging active transport. Despite empirical evidence that cyclist- and pedestrian-targeted policies like helmet laws and jaywalking tickets do not decrease fatalities, popular discourse continues to put the onus on vulnerable road users, often blaming them for their deaths. The negative effect of victim-blaming on vulnerable communities has been well established in the critical and feminist traditions, while recent studies have begun to examine the effects of negative discourse on cycling uptake and safety. To examine how public discourse reflects and affects the perception of blame in vulnerable road user deaths, this paper critically analyses news articles of pedestrian and cyclist fatalities in Edmonton in 2016. [results and analysis] Policy implications and avenues for future research are also discussed.
"‘A Peculiar Gift of Providence": The Power-Imbalance Caused by Gift-Giving in Millenium Hall
Authors: Snyder Elisia 
Published: September 2019

Sarah Scott's eighteenth-century novel Millenium Hall canvasses the role of gift-giving in the dynamics heteronormative-domestic, economic, and spiritual relationships. The pharmakon of the gift plays a central role in Scott's understanding of philanthropy, and the construction of her female-inhabited, female-run utopia. This article's principle occupation is to show that all instances of gift-giving in Millenium Hall create power-imbalances between the superior giver and the inferior receiver; however, Sarah Scott's female utopia constructs the most preferable type of subservience.
The Sinful University?
Authors: Cook Daniel James 
Published: September 2019

There is a difference between doing something well and doing something good. And there is a difference between failing to do something well, and failing to do something good. In this paper, I assess our contemporary University in the latter sense of failure. While the University can be ineffective, or fail to function well, there is more at stake if the University, as an institution, is in conflict with nature. That is, it is one thing for the University to be ineffective in its means, but here I will pose the question: is the contemporary University sinful? Using Josef Pieper's elucidation of moral failure and John Henry Newman's analysis of the proper ends of University education, I defend the thesis that because the aim of our contemporary University seems to come in conflict with the goal of nature as a whole, it may be understood as sinful.
Gender Differences in Clothing Worn in Current Popular Comic Books
Authors: Jossy Kyle Landon 
Published: September 2019

This study looked at how males and females were portrayed, based on the amount of skin shown in the clothing worn. A Content analysis was performed on a sample of 20 randomly selected popular comics from the last 3 years. Both male and female characters were rated on how much skin they showed in three clothing categories; neck line, sleeve length, and lower body. Results showed that in all 3 categories, women consistently wore more revealing clothing. The findings demonstraetd that the comic book industry is comparable to other forms of media, in the sexualization of female characters, by having them wear more revealing clothing.
Apple Inc-A Marketing Analysis Case Study
Authors: Nagamia Namira Kausar A 
Published: September 2019

Apple has been at the leading edge in the electronics industry ever since the launch of its first product. In addition to showing good market and financial performance the company has also demonstrated socially responsible behavior towards its employees and the environment. This case study exemplifies how the principles of environmental scanning and market segmentation can be systematically applied to Apple’s various product lines. Specifically, the influence of economic and competitive factors on Apple’s marketing has been discussed. Further, income levels (demographic) and life stage (socio-cultural) factors in order to study consumer behavior have been applied to arrive at key market segments for the company’s products such as IPods, IPads, IPhones, and MacBook/IMac.
Pediatric primary spinal atypical teratoid rhabdoid tumor: a case series and review of the literature
Authors: Li Daphne , Heiferman Daniel M. , Syed Hasan R. , Santos João Gustavo , Bowman Robin M. , DiPatri Arthur J. , Tomita Tadanori , Wadhwani Nitin R. , Alden Tord D. 
Published: September 2019

Atypical teratoid rhabdoid tumors (ATRTs) are rare malignant central nervous system tumors, commonly occurring before 3 years of age. Median overall survival (OS) of patients with these tumors is about 1 year, despite aggressive multimodal therapy. Pediatric primary spinal ATRTs are even more rare, with fewer than 50 cases reported. The authors present a series of four patients who were treated at Ann and Robert H. Lurie Children’s Hospital of Chicago in the period from 1996 to 2017.These patients, with ages 2–11 years, presented with pain and a decline in motor functions. They were found to have lesions in the lumbar, thoracic, and/or cervical spine. One patient’s tumor was intramedullary with exophytic components, while another patient’s tumor had both intra- and extradural components. All patients underwent resection followed by chemotherapy (systemic and intrathecal). Two patients had fractionated radiation therapy and one had an autologous stem cell transplant. Three patients are known to be deceased (OS 8.5–45 months). The fourth patient was in remission 19 years after her initial diagnosis. To the authors’ knowledge, this is the largest series of pediatric primary spinal ATRTs documented at a single institution. These cases illustrate a variety of presentations of spinal ATRT and add to the body of literature on this aggressive pathology.A systematic MEDLINE search was also conducted using the keywords “atypical teratoid rhabdoid tumor,” “pediatric spinal rhabdoid tumor,” and “malignant rhabdoid tumor spine.” Reports were included for patients younger than 21 years, without evidence of intracranial or systemic disease at the time of diagnosis. Clinical characteristics and outcomes of the four institutional cases were compared to those in the literature. This review yielded an additional 48 cases of primary pediatric spinal ATRTs reported in the English-language literature. Patients (ages 2 months to 19 years) presented with symptoms of pain, regression of motor function, and spinal cord compression. The majority of tumors were intradural (14 extramedullary, 8 intramedullary, 1 both). Eleven cases in the literature described tumors limited to extradural structures, while 10 tumors involved the intra- and extradural spine. Four reports did not specify tumor location. Although rare, spinal ATRT should be considered in the differential diagnosis of pediatric patients presenting with a new spinal mass.
A Parisian spring: the debate on language localization at the Imperial Academy of Medicine, Paris, April 4–June 13, 1865
Authors: Leblanc Richard 
Published: September 2019

The localization of articulate language (speech) to the posterior third of the third left frontal convolution—Broca’s area—did not occur to Broca as he reported the case of his first aphasic patient in 1861. Initially Broca localized articulate language to both frontal lobes, a position that he maintained for 4 years after publishing his first case. In the interval, the Academy of Medicine in Paris had received a copy of a paper authored in 1836 by Marc Dax, in which Dax claimed that the ability to speak resides within the left hemisphere alone. The Academy of Medicine convened in the spring of 1865 to adjudicate the issue. All of the distinguished speakers argued against Dax’s contention by citing the prevailing paradigm, that bilaterally symmetrical organs, such as the eyes and ears, and the hemispheres of the brain, must perform the same function. The lone dissenting voice was that of Jules Baillarger, the discoverer of the laminar organization of the cerebral cortex, whose argument in favor of what he called “Dax’s law” was so lucid that it carried the day. During his address to the Academy, Baillarger not only supported left-hemisphere dominance for speech, but for the first time described two forms of aphasia, fluent and nonfluent, now referred to as Wernicke’s and Broca’s aphasias, respectively, as well as the ability of aphasics to speak during emotional outbursts, to which we now refer as Baillarger-Jackson aphasia. It was 9 days after Baillarger’s address that Broca, for the first time, unequivocally localized speech to the left frontal lobe.This paper is based on the author’s reading of Dax’s and Broca’s original texts and of the texts read before the Academy of Medicine meeting held at the National Library of France between April 4, 1865, and June 13, 1865. From these primary sources it is concluded that the Academy of Medicine’s debate was the last serious challenge to left-hemisphere dominance for speech and to the localization of articulate language to the left frontal lobe—and that Jules Baillarger played a pivotal role in what was a defining moment in neurobiology.
Ipsilateral hemiparesis: the forgotten history of this paradoxical neurological sign
Authors: Carrasco-Moro Rodrigo , Castro-Dufourny Ines , Martínez-San Millán Juan S. , Cabañes-Martínez Lidia , Pascual José M. 
Published: September 2019

OBJECTIVEEstablishing the neurological localization doctrine for the contralateral hemispheric control of motor functions in the second half of the 19th century, researchers faced the challenge of recognizing false localizing signs, in particular paradoxical or ipsilateral hemiparesis (IH). Despite tremendous progress in current methods of neuroradiological and electrophysiological exploration, a complete understanding of this phenomenon has yet to be attained.METHODSThe authors researched the well-described cases of hemiparesis/hemiplegia ipsilateral to an intracranial lesion published in the scientific literature in the pre-MRI era (before 1980). A comprehensive review of the physiopathological mechanisms proposed for paradoxical hemiparesis throughout this period, as well as the pathological evidence substantiating them, is provided.RESULTSA collection of 75 patients with hemiparesis/hemiplegia ipsilateral to the primary intracranial lesion reported between 1858 and 1979 were eligible for analysis. Most cases occurred in adults with supratentorial, slowly developing, extraparenchymatous mass lesions, such as neoplasms (38%) or chronic subdural hematomas (36%). Physiopathological theories proposed by the neurologists who investigated IH can be grouped into 4 major concepts: 1) lack of anatomical decussation of the corticospinal tract; 2) impaired functional activation of the contralateral hemisphere by the lesioned dominant hemisphere through the callosal connections; 3) Kernohan’s notch phenomenon, or mechanical injury of the contralateral cerebral peduncle against the free edge of the tentorium; and 4) cerebrovascular dysfunction involving the contralateral hemisphere owing to kinking and mechanical flattening of the carotid artery contralateral to the primary intracranial lesion.CONCLUSIONSIH represents a still underdiagnosed paradoxical neurological phenomenon. With the aid of modern neuroradiological and neurophysiological methods, Kernohan’s peduncle notch mechanism has been confirmed to cause IH in many of the cases reported in recent decades. Nevertheless, alternative functional and/or vascular mechanisms must be investigated further for unexplained IH cases, in particular for transitory IH without evidence of peduncle injury. The historical theories reviewed in this paper represent a conceptual framework that may be helpful for this purpose.
Trajectories of land cover transformation in zonal types of landscapes of Indochina
Authors: Alekseeva N. N. , Klimanova О. А. , Tretyachenko D. А. , Bancheva A. I. 
Published: September 2019

The article deals with the study of the land cover change of Indochina based on the MODIS Land Cover database for 2001—2012. Geospatial land cover data, which are objectively recorded land surface characteristics, are widely used for small-scale mapping of landscapes and ecological systems. The case region of Indochina was selected for the analysis of land cover transformation. In recent decades it has been undergoing active transformation of land use, associated with rapid economic development, substantial population growth, and reorientation of the agricultural sector to foreign markets. The processes of land cover change were studied within the boundaries of zonal types of landscapes, altitudinal zonality spectra, and groups of intrazonal landscapes. The density of changes is uneven in different zonal types of landscapes, the greatest range of transformations is characteristic to the deciduous monsoon forests, semi-evergreen forests (in the subequatorial belt), and within river valleys. The main trajectories of land cover change for 2001—2012 are as follows: 1) expansion of arable areas due to the reduction of forests, savannas and grasslands; 2) the likely increase in the area of perennial plantations (mainly rubber trees and oil palm); 3) forest degradation and spread of savannas; 4) fluctuations of land under shifting cultivation. Since the 2000s commercial production of perennial cash crops is the main cause of deforestation in the region. Land clearing for these needs could have a greater impact on forest cover than logging. The revealed features of land cover change for Indochina made it possible to specify the regional characteristics of the transformation processes as compared to global typology of land coverchanges.
Diurnal dynamics of dissolved oxygen in the small mesotrophic lake during the under-ice heating period
Authors: Palshin N. I. , Efremova T. V. , Zdorovennova G. E. , Gavrilenko G. G. , Zdorovennov R. E. , Terzhevik A. Yu. , Volkov S. Yu. , Bogdanov S. R. 
Published: September 2019

The article investigates the dynamics of the dissolved oxygen (DO) content, the water temperature, the chlorophyll «a» and the under-ice irradiation in the small mesotrophic lake during the springtime heating period. All data were obtained from long-term observations using high-precision autonomous equipment. In the convectively mixed layer (CML) were recorded the DO oscillations up to 1 mgO2/l with daily frequency. Assumedly, these fluctuations are due to the daytime intensification of the photosynthesis on the background of under-ice irradiation growth (reaching 120 W/m2 when snow melts from ice surface) and the destruction of newly formed organic matter.
The CML also exhibits the high-frequency DO fluctuations (on scales from 2—3 minutes to 3—4 hours), presumably related to convective currents and seiche activity. The involvement of oxygen-depleted water portions from underlying stratified layer to convective mixing leads to decrease of DO concentration in CML, but the total oxygen content in the water column during the under-ice convection period increases at a rate ~0.1—0.4 gO2/m2 per day due to photosynthesis enhance.