bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Working towards least restrictive environments in acute mental health wards in the context of locked door policy and practice
Authors: Fletcher Justine , Hamilton Bridget , Kinner Stuart , Sutherland Georgina , King Kylie , Tellez Juan Jose , Harvey Carol , Brophy Lisa 
Published: December 2018

AbstractThere has been a shift towards provision of mental health care in community‐based settings in Australia. However, hospitals continue to care for people in acute mental health wards. An increasing proportion of the people in wards are admitted involuntarily, subject to restrictions of movement to minimize risk of harm to self and others. In response to concerns about the safety of people absconding from care, Queensland Health introduced a policy requiring all acute mental health wards in the State to be locked. In response, the Queensland Mental Health Commission funded a project to understand the impact of this policy and develop evidence‐based recommendations regarding provision of least restrictive, recovery‐oriented practices in acute wards. Facilitated forums were conducted with 35 purposively selected participants who identified as consumers, carers, or staff of acute mental health hospital wards, to test the acceptability, feasibility, and face validity of a set of evidence‐informed recommendations for providing least restrictive, recovery‐oriented practices. Participant responses were recorded, and data were analysed through an inductive, thematic approach. A recovery‐oriented approach was supported by all stakeholders. Reducing boredom and increasing availability of peer support workers were considered key to achieving this. Focusing less on risk aversion was reported as central to enabling true Recovery Orientation. This project enabled recognition of the perspectives of consumers, carers, and staff in the consideration of evidence‐informed recommendations that could be implemented to provide least restrictive care in the context of locked doors.
In situ hot‐pressed ZrB2‐based composite with polycarbosilane‐derived SiC: Microstructure and mechanical behavior
Authors: Guo Shuqi 
Published: December 2018

AbstractIn this study, a homogenously dispersed finer SiC particles‐containing ZrB2 composite was prepared using nanosized polycarbosilane (PCS) particles‐containing ZrB2 mixture powder, followed by hot pressing. The microstructure of the resulting composite was characterized by field‐emission scanning electron microscopy and transmission electron microscopy. The composite microstructure comprised finer equiaxed ZrB2 and SiC grains. The mechanical behavior of the composite was evaluated using four‐point bending test at different temperatures between room temperature (RT) and 1600°C. The results show that the composite exhibited only linear deformation behavior prior fracture at or below 1500°C. However, a trace quantity of nonlinear deformation was observed at 1600°C. In addition, the flexural strength of the composite decreased as the temperature increased from RT to 1200°C, then the strength increased as the temperature raised to 1400°C. Subsequently, the flexural strength remained almost the constant between 1400°C and 1600°C, with a strength of ~760 MPa.
Predicting beta diversity of terrestrial and aquatic beetles using ecogeographical variables: insights from the replacement and richness difference components
Authors: Heino Jani , Alahuhta Janne , Fattorini Simone , Schmera Dénes 
Published: December 2018

AbstractAimWe examined the responses of the beta diversity of aquatic and terrestrial beetles to ecogeographical variables, including climate, land cover and land use, across Northern Europe.LocationNorthern Europe (Denmark, Sweden, Norway and Finland).MethodsInformation on the occurrence of ground beetles and diving beetles across Northern European biogeographical provinces was collated from literature sources. Beta diversity was examined using Jaccard dissimilarity coefficient as well as its replacement and richness difference components. Each of the three dissimilarity matrices (responses) was modelled using various ecogeographical variables (predictors) by generalized dissimilarity modelling (GDM).ResultsThe magnitude of total beta diversity was relatively similar between ground beetles and diving beetles, but the richness difference component contributed more than the replacement component to total beta diversity in ground beetles, whereas the opposite was true for diving beetles. The predictor variables most influential in GDM in accounting for spatial variation in beta diversity varied between the two beetle groups as well as between the replacement and richness difference components. In general, the richness difference component of ground beetles responded strongly to latitude and associated climatic variables, whereas the replacement component of diving beetles varied strongly along the same geographical gradient.Main conclusionsOur findings suggest that the study of the determinants of biodiversity patterns benefits from the partitioning of beta diversity into different components and from comparing terrestrial and aquatic groups. For example, our findings suggest that the strong climatic and land use‐related gradients in beta diversity have important implications for predicting and mitigating the effect of ongoing global change on the composition of regional biotas.
Feasibility and utility of intraoperative epicardial scar characterization during left ventricular assist device implantation
Authors: Moss Joshua D. , Oesterle Adam , Raiman Michael , Flatley Erin E. , Beaser Andrew D. , Jeevanandam Valluvan , Klein Liviu , Ota Takeyoshi , Wieselthaler Georg , Uriel Nir , Tung Roderick 
Published: December 2018

AbstractIntroductionVentricular arrhythmias (VA) after left ventricular assist device (LVAD) placement are associated with increased morbidity and mortality. We sought to assess epicardial voltage characteristics at the time of LVAD implantation and investigate relationships between scar burden and postimplant VA.Methods and ResultsConsecutive patients underwent open chest epicardial electroanatomic mapping immediately before LVAD implantation. Areas of low voltage and sites with local abnormal potentials were identified. Patients were followed prospectively for postimplant VA and clinical outcomes. Between 2015 and 2017, 36 patients underwent high‐density intraoperative epicardial voltage mapping; 15 had complete maps suitable for analysis. Mapping required a median of 11.8 (interquartile range [IQR], 8.5‐12.7) minutes, with a median of 2650 (IQR, 2139‐3191) points sampled per patient. Over a median follow‐up of 311 (IQR, 168‐469) postoperative days, four patients (27%) experienced sustained VA. Patients with postimplant VA were more likely to have had preimplant implantable cardioverter defibrillator shocks (100% vs 27%; P = 0.03), ventricular tachycardia storm (75% vs 9%; P = 0.03), and lower ejection fraction (13.5 vs 19.0%, P = 0.05). Patients with postimplant VA also had a significantly higher burden of epicardial low bipolar voltage points: 55.4% vs 24.9% of points were less than 0.5 mV (P = 0.01), and 88.9% vs 63.7% of points less than 1.5 mV (P = 0.004).ConclusionsIntraoperative high‐density epicardial mapping during LVAD implantation is safe and efficient, facilitating characterization of a potentially arrhythmogenic substrate. An increased burden of the epicardial scar may be associated with a higher incidence of postimplant VA. The role of empiric intraoperative epicardial ablation to mitigate risk of postimplant VA requires further study.
Distal‐to‐proximal delay for ablation of premature ventricular contractions
Authors: Clementy Nicolas , Ancedy Yann , Bisson Arnaud , Andre Clémentine , Pierre Bertrand , Fauchier Laurent , Babuty Dominique 
Published: December 2018

AbstractIntroductionAblation of premature ventricular contractions (PVCs) has emerged as a safe and effective treatment in patients experiencing a high PVCs burden. Mapping of PVCs origin may sometimes be challenging. We sought to evaluate the accuracy of a new electrophysiological criterion, the distal‐to‐proximal (DP) delay, at localizing the optimal site for ablation of ventricular ectopic foci.Methods and ResultsConsecutive patients with ablation attempts of symptomatic PVCs were included. Prematurity and DP delay—that is, the time duration between the onset of ablation catheter distal bipolar electrogram and the onset of proximal bipolar electrogram—were measured at successful and unsuccessful ablation sites by three blinded experienced electrophysiologists. Mean DP delay at effective ablation sites (N = 30) was significantly higher than at ineffective sites (
N = 55) (23 ± 9 vs 11 ± 8 milliseconds; P < 0.0001). DP delay had good‐to‐excellent interrater reliability. A DP delay greater than or equal to 15 milliseconds had the highest accuracy at predicting a successful ablation site (sensitivity 0.97, the area under receiver operating characteristic curve 0.87; P < 0.0001).ConclusionDP delay is an additional, simple, and effective electrophysiological parameter to accurately localize PVCs foci.
Filaggrin null mutations are associated with altered circulating Tregs in atopic dermatitis
Authors: Moosbrugger‐Martinz Verena , Gruber Robert , Ladstätter Katharina , Bellutti Marion , Blunder Stefan , Schmuth Matthias , Dubrac Sandrine 
Published: December 2018

AbstractAtopic dermatitis (AD) is a chronic inflammatory skin disease with a complex pathogenesis. Although regulatory T cells (Tregs) have previously been studied in AD, their role remains controversial, likely owing to patient heterogeneity. Thus, we recruited adult AD patients and age‐matched healthy controls, and assessed their filaggrin (FLG) genotype, serum IgE level, and eczema area and severity index (EASI). We found increased proportions of all circulating Treg subpopulations in AD patients. Moreover, we show positive correlations between circulating Tregs and serum IgE FLG null mutations limited the expansion of both memory and effector Tregs and enhanced that of recently thymus‐emigrated Tregs. Furthermore, proportions of circulating Th2‐ or Th17‐Tregs but not Th1‐Tregs were increased in AD patients, and accentuated by FLG null mutations, thereby mimicking the immune deviation observed in Th cell populations. Moreover, ICOS+ Tregs showed reduced production of interleukin‐10, suggesting impaired immunosuppression in AD. The level of demethylation of FOXP3i1, which reflects the stability of FOXP3 expression, was similar in the blood and skin of AD patients and healthy controls. Overall, these results show that Tregs may participate into AD pathogenesis and that FLG null mutations exert further modifications on specific subpopulations of circulating Tregs.
Using hot water as a pretreatment to extend the shelf life of cucumbers (Cucumis sativus L.) under cold storage conditions
Authors: Amer Baher M. A. , Azam Mostafa M. 
Published: December 2018

AbstractCucumber is one of the important horticulture crops that need to extend its shelf‐life under storage conditions. The effect of hot water pretreatment on physical, chemical, and texture properties of cucumbers under cold storage conditions were studied. Experiments included 9 treatments start by submerge the cucumbers in hot water at different temperatures (25, 40, 55 °C), each treatment was running for different times (5, 15, and 25 min), then compared with control treatment. All treatments were stored under cold storage conditions (4 °C ± 1, 85–90%, RH) for four storage periods (3, 6, 9, 12 days), at each storage period changing in cucumber properties were measured. Statistical and regression analysis were conducted to the obtained data. Results revealed the best treatment (submerge in water bath 55 °C for 5 min) had the lowest value of volume 357 mm3, weight loss (24.70%), firmness loss (5.35%), and had the best appearance, color during cold storage and shelf life compared with other treatments. However, significant differences were found between all treatments on texture and chemical properties of cucumber. It may be possible to use this treatment in a packinghouse as a safe commercial treatment to extend the shelf‐life and maintain quality properties of cucumber under cold storage conditions.Practical applicationsCucumber (Cucumis sativus L.) is one of the most important fruiting vegetables especially in Saudi Arabia. Maintaining the postharvest qualities and quantities are an important standard to enhance global food supply in an effective manner to a large extent. High temperature and low relative humidity and Lack of interest to postharvest technology especially in Al‐Ahsa, Saudi Arabia are the most important environmental factors affecting the quality of cucumbers, as well as, consumer acceptance for it offered at the department of products. To improvement the cucumbers quality, the present work was taken‐up with an aim to optimize the postharvest conditions of cucumber after harvest process. The optimized conditions were found to maintain vegetables with satisfactory sensory qualities using hot water pretreatments after harvest which consider one of the important factor to determine the shelf stability of any food. Therefore, improving the postharvest conditions will always ensure quality production.
Comparison of Gaussian process regression, artificial neural network, and response surface methodology modeling approaches for predicting drying time of mosambi (Citrus limetta) peel
Authors: Chaurasia Parul , Younis Kaiser , Qadri Ovais Shafiq , Srivastava Gaurav , Osama Khwaja 
Published: December 2018

AbstractIn this study, drying kinetics of mosambi peel was studied. The effect of three variables viz., temperature (50, 58, 70, 82, and 90 °C), salt concentration (2, 5, 8, and 10%), and thickness of drying bed (1, 2, 3, and 4 mm) on drying time was determined by the central composite design. Applicability of Gaussian process regression (GPR)‐based approach for modeling drying kinetics was analyzed. GPR‐based model was compared with the commonly used approaches like artificial neural network (ANN) and response surface methodology (RSM). The models were validated by comparing model simulations with observed values for unseen data. The models were compared based on performance indices like coefficient of determination, mean square error, root mean square error (RMSE), model predictive error, mean average deviation, goodness of fit, and chi‐square analysis. All the three models fit both seen and unseen data excellently. RMSE, mean average deviation, and model predictive error for the unseen data of the GPR‐based model were minimum (0.191, 0.285, 6.8%, respectively) followed by ANN (0.35, 0.298, 7.2%, respectively) and RSM (1.162, 0.905, 32.0%, respectively).Practical applicationsModeling of the drying process is very important for control of industrial dryers. Several attempts have been made to model drying kinetics using RSM and ANN. This study shows the efficiency of GPR in modeling the drying kinetics of mosambi peel for the first time. GPR‐based models were found to be a better alternative to RSM and ANN. This will help in developing more accurate models and increase the efficiency of drying.
Snare combined with endoclips in endoscopic submucosal dissection with mucosal traction for gastroesophageal neoplasia
Authors: Zhang Qiang , Yao Xiang , Cai Jian‐qun , Zhang Bao‐hua , Wang Zhen 
Published: December 2018

AbstractBackground and AimMucosal traction as a “second hand” in endoscopic submucosal dissection (ESD) is very helpful for ESD operators. The efficacy of using a snare combined with endoclips to assist in ESD (SC‐ESD) was evaluated whether it could achieve peroral external traction (PET) and peroral internal traction (PIT) and real‐time adjustment of mucosal traction position. This study aimed to preliminarily evaluate its feasibility.MethodsA snare was fixed using endoclips to the incised mucosal flap that was intended for dissection. Subsequently, the snare was adjusted to achieve mucosal traction. This study included 54 gastroesophageal neoplasias in 54 consecutive patients who underwent SC‐ESD. The operative and clinical data were retrospectively collected.ResultsPeroral external tractions were performed for 22 esophageal neoplasias, and PETs and PITs were performed for 32 gastric neoplasias. The median (interquartile range) sizes of lesions were 4.3 (2.5) and 4.2 (2.1) cm, operation times were 73.4 (43.8) and 60.0 (45.2) min, and submucosal dissection times were 27.0 (32.0) and 31.0 (34.5) min in the esophagus and stomach, respectively. Mucosal traction position could be effectively adjusted by fixing the snare to the incised mucosal flap intended for dissection during SC‐ESD. All lesions in the esophagus and stomach were completely resected, with R0 resection rates of 100%. Besides postoperative bleeding in a patient with gastric neoplasia, no intraoperative and postoperative perforations occurred.ConclusionsSC‐ESD seems to be feasible for resecting gastroesophageal neoplasia, and two types of mucosal tractions (PET and PIT) could be effectively achieved during SC‐ESD. Further prospective comparative study with a large sample is warranted.
Bridging the climate mitigation gap with economy‐wide material productivity
Authors: Scott Kate , Giesekam Jannik , Barrett John , Owen Anne 
Published: December 2018

AbstractProjections of UK greenhouse gas emissions estimate a shortfall in existing and planned climate policies meeting UK climate targets: the UK's mitigation gap. Material and product demand is driving industrial greenhouse gas emissions at a rate greater than carbon intensity improvements in the economy. Evidence shows that products can be produced with fewer carbon intensive inputs and demand for new products can be reduced. The economy‐wide contribution of material productivity and lifestyle changes to bridging the UK's mitigation gap is understudied. We integrate an input‐output framework with econometric analysis and case study evidence to analyse the potential of material productivity to help the UK bridge its anticipated emissions deficits, and the additional effort required to achieve transformative change aligned with 2 and 1.5°C temperature targets. We estimate that the emissions savings from material productivity measures are comparable to those from the Government's planned climate policy package. These additional measures could reduce the UK's anticipated emissions deficit up to 73%. The results demonstrate that material productivity deserves greater consideration in climate policy.
Redenomination Risk
Authors: DE SANTIS ROBERTO A. 
Published: December 2018

AbstractEuro redenomination risk is the risk that a euro asset is redenominated into a devalued legacy currency. We propose a time‐varying, country‐specific intra‐euro area redenomination risk measure, defined as the quanto credit default swaps (CDS) of a member country relative to the quanto CDS of a benchmark member country. Focusing on Italy, Spain, and France and using Germany as benchmark, we show that the redenomination risk shocks significantly affect sovereign yield spreads, with Italy and Spain being most adversely affected. Finally, foreign redenomination risk shocks spill over and above local redenomination risk shocks, suggesting that this risk is systemic.
Heart structure in the Amazonian teleost Arapaima gigas (Osteoglossiformes, Arapaimidae)
Authors: Buzete Gardinal Mario Vitor , Rocha Ruiz Thalles Fernando , Estevan Moron Sandro , Oba Yoshioka Eliane Tie , Uribe Gonçalves Ligia , Franceschini Vicentini Irene Bastos , Vicentini Carlos Alberto 
Published: December 2018

AbstractThe fish heart ventricle has varied morphology and may have a specific morpho‐functional design in species adapted to extreme environmental conditions. In general, the Amazonian ichthyofauna undergoes constant variations in water temperature, pH and oxygen saturation, which makes these species useful for investigations of cardiac morphology. Arapaima gigas, a member of the ancient teleost group Osteoglossomorpha, is one of the largest freshwater fish in the world. This species has a specific heart metabolism that uses fat as the main fuel when O2 supplies are abundant but also can change to glycogen fermentation when O2 content is limiting. However, no information is available regarding its heart morphology. Here, we describe the heart of A. gigas, with emphasis on the ventricular anatomy and myoarchitecture. Specimens of A. gigas weighing between 0.3 and 4040 g were grouped into three developmental stages. The hearts were collected and the anatomy analyzed with a stereomicroscope, ultrastructure with a scanning electron microscope, and histology using toluidine blue, Masson's trichrome and Sirius red stains. The ventricle undergoes morphological changes throughout its development, from the initial saccular shape with a fully trabeculated myocardium and coronary vessel restricted to the subepicardium (Type I) (group 1) to a pyramidal shape with mixed myocardium and coronary vessels that penetrate only to the level of the compact layer (Type II) (groups 2 and 3). The trabeculated myocardium has a distinct net‐like organization in all the specimens, differing from that described for other teleosts. This arrangement delimits lacunae with a similar shape and distribution, which seems to allow a more uniform blood distribution through this myocardial layer.
Effects of dipeptidyl peptidase‐4 inhibitors on transforming growth factor‐β1 signal transduction pathways in the ovarian fibrosis of polycystic ovary syndrome rats
Authors: Wang Fang , Zhang Zhi‐Fen , He Yi‐Ran , Wu Hong‐Yan , Wei Shuang‐Shuang 
Published: December 2018

AbstractAimExamine the effects of dipeptidyl peptidase‐4 (DPP4) inhibitor Sitagliptin on the transforming growth factor‐β1 (TGF‐β1) signal transduction pathway in polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) rats with ovarian fibrosis.MethodsThirty rats were divided randomly into the PCOS model group, Sitagliptin treatment group and blank control group. Dehydroepiandrosterone was administered to the model group and treatment group to establish the models. Then, the phenotype of rats was recorded, and the serum sex hormone levels were measured. The pathological structures of the rat ovaries were observed. The protein and mRNA expression levels of DPP4, connective tissue growth factor (CTGF), TGF‐β1 and Smad2/3 in the ovaries were analyzed.ResultsThere was no statistically difference in fasting body weight and blood glucose among the three groups before Sitagliptin treatment (P > 0.05). The fasting blood glucose level was significantly decreased after the administration of Sitagliptin (P < 0.05). The level of testosterone in the model group was reduced remarkably after Sitagliptin treatment (P < 0.001). The protein expression levels of DPP4, CTGF and TGF‐β1 in the ovarian stroma were lower in the treatment group than in the model group (P < 0.01, P < 0.001, P < 0.05). The mRNA levels of DPP4, CTGF and TGF‐β1 in the model group also greatly declined after Sitagliptin treatment (P < 0.05, P < 0.001, P < 0.01).ConclusionThe DPP4 inhibitor Sitagliptin lowers fasting blood glucose, relieves the high androgen state of PCOS rats and delays the process of ovarian fibrosis, which may be related to reducing the levels of factors related to the TGF‐β1/Smad2/3 signaling pathway.
Catastrophe Risk and the Implied Volatility Smile
Authors: Ammar Semir Ben 
Published: December 2018

AbstractProperty–casualty insurers are exposed to rare but severe natural disasters. This article analyzes the relation between catastrophe risk and the implied volatility smile of insurance stock options. We find that the slope is significantly steeper compared to the rest of the economy and exhibits a seasonal pattern due to hurricanes. We are able to link the insurance‐specific tail risk component derived from options with the risk spread from catastrophe bonds and global economic losses caused by catastrophes. Our results provide an accurate, high‐frequency calculation for catastrophe risk linking the traditional derivatives market with insurance‐linked securities.