bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The impact of alcohol misuse in trauma patients: A scoping review protocol
Authors: Garland Chantae , Abdulla Nhayan , Lee Donghyun , Spiwak Rae , Logsetty Sarvesh , Nantais Jordan 
Published: October 2024

Background
Alcohol use is a contributing factor in many cases of traumatic injury. There is conflicting evidence on the impact of alcohol use at the time of physical trauma on severity of injury and hospital course. Similarly, the significance of alcohol use disorder on outcomes in hospitalized trauma patients is unclear. This scoping review aims to provide a concise overview of the current literature surrounding peri-trauma alcohol use and alcohol use disorder on injury severity, in-hospital complications, patient outcomes, and long-term health impact of alcohol use in trauma. We will also explore the associated healthcare costs of this patient population.

Methods
A systematic search of the following databases MEDLINE, EMBASE, and Cochrane Library will be completed to extract all studies that meet our inclusion criteria from January 2000 onwards. Case reports will be excluded. Two reviewers will screen all citations, abstracts, and full text articles. A third reviewer will act as tiebreaker at each stage of the screening process. A narrative synthesis without meta-analysis will be conducted and assessed based on the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses extension for Scoping Reviews (PRISMA-ScR) guidelines.

Discussion
This review will contribute to the literature by providing a concise overview of the current data on the impact of alcohol on outcomes following trauma. We will explore the overall themes in the literature, limitations, and future directions to focus forthcoming research in this patient population.

Scoping review registration
This project is registered via the Open Science Framework. The public registration is uniquely identified with the following DOI: https://doi.org/10.17605/OSF.IO/Z84WK.

Support
There were no funders or sponsors involved in the development of this protocol.
Impact of preexisting digestive problems on the gastrointestinal symptoms of patients with omicron variant of SARS-CoV-2 infection
Authors: Liu Xinghuang , Luvsandagva Bayasgalan , Wang Dongke , Zhu Siran , Xu Zhiyue , Zhou Dan , Xie Xiaotian , Qian Wei , Hou Xiaohua , Bai Tao 
Published: October 2024

Objective
This study focused on the gastrointestinal (GI) symptoms in the omicron variant infection and the related factors based on digestive health.

Methods
A cross-sectional study was conducted on individuals infected with the omicron variant. A structured questionnaire was developed to gather their demographic characteristics, preexisting digestive problems (diseases & symptoms), and clinical manifestations during the infection.

Results
11,484 questionnaires were received from online platforms. 7,929 infected participants were selected based on inclusion and exclusion criteria. Among them, 4,225 (53.3%) were females, and the mean age was 36.0±8.8 years old. In general, the proportion of GI symptoms in the omicron variant infection was 31.4% (62.6% and 25.0% in participants with pre-existing digestive problems and those without, respectively). The participants with pre-existing digestive problems exhibited more severe clinical manifestations during infection compared to those without. Notably, participants with gastrointestinal symptoms during the infection had more severe clinical manifestations, regardless of basic digestive health. Upper, rather than lower GI symptoms were more closely associated with the severity of the clinical manifestations. NSAIDs may increase the occurrence of GI symptoms in participants with a healthy digestive system but not in those with preexisting digestive problems.

Conclusion
Patients infected with the omicron variant may experience more severe clinical symptoms if they have gastrointestinal issues. Digestive health strongly influences the occurrence of gastrointestinal symptoms and the severity of clinical manifestations.
Understanding the barriers and enablers to participation in vaccine trials in a pregnant population from diverse ethnic background in an inner-city UK hospital
Authors: Youssef Essra , Calvert Anna , Greening Vanessa , Pearce Dominique , Wright Suzannah , Eccleston Emma , Oshodi Lolade , Heath Paul , Vandrevala Tushna 
Published: October 2024

Background
Vaccination during pregnancy is an important healthcare intervention for safeguarding the health of the mother and their infants. Ethnic disparities in recruitment to vaccine research studies during pregnancy potentially contribute to health inequalities. The aim of the current study was to explore the barriers and enablers influencing the willingness of pregnant women from ethnic minority backgrounds to participate in vaccine research studies.

Methods and findings
Semi-structured qualitative online interviews were conducted with 23 pregnant women from diverse ethnic backgrounds in the UK. Interviews were transcribed verbatim, and thematically analysed. Our findings suggest that participants perceived vaccines and vaccine research, in principle, to be beneficial to the individual and to society, and understood the value of vaccination in mitigating severity of disease and protecting the health of mothers and their infants. Apprehension over the safety of vaccination in pregnancy was common and reduced willingness to participate. For those that decided to participate in vaccine trials in pregnancy, this was seen as an act of solidarity, a way to contribute to a collective responsibility for the public health of the community. Personal and community connections and representation—seeing people from their own communities represented in in the recruitment process shapped decisions about vaccine trial participating. Trust and mistrust in health systems, shaped by past experiences of interacting with healthcare professionals were likely to inform whether they would consider participating. Practical considerations such as excessive time commitments related to study procedures, travel and organising childcare were barrier to participation. The level of invasiveness of trial procedures were also a concern, although increased monitoring during the trial was seen as a potential benefit, mitigating some safety concerns.

Conclusions
Our study reinforcing previously identified barriers to vaccine participation among pregnant women from diverse ethnic communities. This study underlines the need to develop tailored interventions that focus on fostering trust with the aid of community engagement to understand cultural contexts, establishing authentic representation, and address practical considerations, to contribute to enhancing vaccine trial participation in pregnancy in those from diverse ethnic communities.
Distortion-free power frequency converter control method perspectives and new approach of energy conversion
Authors: Istomin Maksim 
Published: October 2024

Utilizing distortionless power frequency AC-AC converters which drives by a compensated signal based on the DC link voltage value opens wide opportunities and has a significant positive economic effect. This publication briefly reveals the opportunities and provides the real actual measured oscillograms and oscillograms of the simulation model.
The distortionless converter control system eliminates the effects of AC ripple contained in the DC link voltage that is influenced to the AC converter output AC voltage. As a result, the AC converter is able to function without the need for a large-capacitance smoothing capacitor, phase-shifting transformers, or AFE (Active Rectifier), without increasing the THD level.
The reference AC waveform is divided by an amplitude DC link voltage value and the resultant ratio value is applied to control the duty factor of a PWM signal, that controls a DC-to-AC converter circuit.
TM6SF2-rs58542926 Genotype Has Opposing Effects on Incidence of Hepatic and Cardiac Events in a Community Cohort
Authors: Chen Vincent L. , Oliveri Antonino , Raut Chinmay , Chen Yanhua , Cushing-Damm Kelly C. , Speliotes Elizabeth K. 
Published: October 2024

INTRODUCTION:

TM6SF2-rs58542926-T is associated with increased cirrhosis and modestly decreased coronary artery disease prevalence. However, relative effects of TM6SF2 genotype on major adverse cardiovascular events (MACE) vs liver-related events (LRE) are not known.

METHODS:
We used the UK Biobank, a prospective cohort with genetic and inpatient diagnosis data. The primary predictor was TM6SF2-rs58542926 genotype, and the primary outcomes were MACE and LRE. Effects were reported as subhazard ratios (sHRs) and 10-year cumulative incidence by Fine-Gray competing risk analyses.

RESULTS:
More than 430,000 individuals met inclusion criteria. TM6SF2-rs58542926-TT genotype (vs CC) was associated with higher incidence of LRE (adjusted sHR 3.16, 95% confidence interval 1.86–5.37) and lower incidence of MACE (adjusted sHR for TT vs CC genotype 0.76, 95% confidence interval 0.63–0.91). In individuals with fibrosis-4 (FIB4) < 1.3, 1.3–2.67, and > 2.67, 10-year LRE incidence in TM6SF2-rs58542926-TT vs CC individuals was 0.08% vs 0.06% (P > 0.05), 0.81% vs 0.20% (P < 0.0001), and 10.5% vs 3.4% (P = 0.00094), respectively. The corresponding values for MACE were 3.8% vs 5.1% (P = 0.032), 6.4% vs 8.2% (P = 0.040), and 17.1% vs 12.4% (P > 0.05). The absolute decrease in MACE with rs58542926-TT (vs CC) genotype exceeded the absolute increase in LRE in all groups but FIB4 > 2.67. Associations of TM6SF2 genotype with LRE/MACE were significant in men but not women. TM6SF2-rs58542926-T allele was also associated with increased hepatic steatosis and corrected T1 time by magnetic resonance imaging, with greater effect sizes in men than women.

DISCUSSION:

TM6SF2 genotype has opposite effects on LRE vs MACE incidence, and absolute effects on MACE were greater except in those with highest FIB4 scores. Effects were strongest in men. These findings clarify implications of TM6SF2 genotype based on personalized clinical risk.
Anaerobic Fermentation of Mixed Fruits Peel Waste for Functional Enzymes Production Employing Palm Sugar and Molasses as The Carbon Source
Authors: Retnowati Diah Susetyo , Kumoro Andri Cahyo , Haryani Kristinah 
Published: October 2024

The daily abundant generation of fruit peel waste potentially triggers environmental problems if no appropriate management is performed. Besides, fruit peel waste can be a valuable source for functional enzyme production. This study aims to investigate the use of molasses and palm sugar as sugar source during anaerobic fermentation of banana and papaya peel waste to produce functional enzymes. The fermentation was subjected to biomass at various banana peels to papaya peels mass ratio for 3 months. The feed consisted of sugar:biomass:water, and their mass ratio was kept constant at 1:3:10. Both brown functional enzyme cocktails obtained from the fermentation using palm sugar and molasses as carbon source were acidic with pH of 3.7 and 4.4, respectively. The amylase, protease, and lipase activities of the functional enzyme cocktails was maximum when the biomass mixture contained four portions of banana peel and one portion of papaya peel. In addition, molasses was found to be the better sugar source than palm sugar for producing functional enzymes from aerobic fermentation peel fruits comprises banana and papaya peels. This study proved that fruit peel waste can be converted to valuable functional enzymes as one of the solutions of fruit peel waste management Keywords: anaerobic fermentation; carbon source; enzyme activity; functional enzyme; organic waste
Attraction or differentiation: diachronic changes in the causative alternation of Chinese change of state verbs
Authors: Du Jing , Zuo Shan , Li Fuyin Thomas 
Published: October 2024

Abstract
This study examines the interplay of attraction and differentiation through the diachronic encoding of causative alternations in Chinese. A corpus-based analysis is conducted to profile the use of two Change of State verbs (COS verbs), pò ‘break’ and kāi ‘open’, focusing on their argument structure constructions. The analysis yields two main insights: (i) In Chinese, there are four pairs of causative alternations. The first pair, CA1, involving the alternation between NP1+COS+NP2 and NP2+COS, serves as the source for two diachronic trajectories. In the first trajectory, NP1+COS+NP2 is replaced by NP1+V+COS+NP2, and forms CA2 with NP2+COS. Subsequently, NP2+COS transitions into NP2+V+COS, and constitutes CA3 with NP1+V+COS+NP2. In the second trajectory, NP1+COS+V+NP2 and NP2+COS+V emerge and form CA4. (ii) Evidence of attraction is found in the mutual influence between the causative variants NP1+V+COS+NP2 and NP1+COS+V+NP2, and in the modeling effect of the causative variant NP1+V+COS+NP2 on the inchoative variant NP2+V+COS. Differentiation is supported by the anchoring force of a larger constructional network, including the transitive/intransitive opposition and compound constructions. This study advances the theoretical understanding of the intertwinement of attraction and differentiation by elucidating the diachronic evolution of causative alternations in Chinese.
Balanced tri- and quad-band BPFs based on SIR with improved passbands selectivity
Authors: Wang Jia-Qi , Wang Kai-Xuan , Wang Qi , Wei Feng 
Published: October 2024

Abstract
In this paper, balanced tri- and quad-band bandpass filters (BPFs) with high selectivity and controllable center frequencies and bandwidths are proposed. In the tri-band BPF design, two differential-mode (DM) passbands are formed by utilizing a stub-loaded resonator (SLR) and a uniform impedance resonator (UIR). The coupling structure of the proposed BPF realizes the third DM passband. Moreover, the center frequencies and bandwidths of the three DM passbands can be controlled by the lengths of resonators and the gaps between the resonators. In order to improve the DM selectivity further, the source-load-coupled structure is introduced. In addition, common-mode (CM) suppression is achieved by using L-shaped balanced microstrip line to slotline transition structures, achieving the independence between CM responses and DM ones. Therefore, the design procedure can be simplified greatly. In order to validate the practicability, one balanced tri-band BPF operating at 2.5, 3.5 and 4.5 GHz is designed and fabricated. Moreover, by adding a short stub to the UIR located in the symmetrical plane, one flexible resonance frequency is generated, which is used to design the balanced quad-band BPF. By manufacturing and measurement, the measurement and simulation are in good agreement.
Influence of inoculation with different non-Saccharomyces yeasts and Saccharomyces cerevisiae on the aroma chemical composition and sensorial features of red dragon fruit wine
Authors: Li Yinfeng , Zhao Hubing , Liu Xiaozhu 
Published: October 2024

Abstract
In this investigation, we focused on elucidating the impact of non-Saccharomyces yeasts on both the aromatic chemical composition and sensory attributes of red dragon fruit wine. This was achieved through the introduction of Hanseniaspora uvarum or Pichia guilliermondii concurrently with Saccharomyces cerevisiae, employing methodologies encompassing co-inoculation or sequential inoculation. The findings suggested that the combined inoculation of non-Saccharomyces yeasts and S. cerevisiae is capable of modulating the sensory properties of wines. Additionally, varying inoculation methods exerted a significant impact on the aromatic qualities of the wine. Co-inoculation and sequential inoculation of H. uvarum or P. guilliermondii with S. cerevisiae demonstrated a remarkable augmentation in the quantity of volatile chemicals while effectively regulating the number of odor activity value (OAV) > 1 in the wine. Therefore, the utilization of mixed fermentation emerges as a viable strategy for regulating the flavor profile of red dragon wine. This methodology stands as a valuable guideline for making various fruit wines, including red dragon fruit wine.
A rare case of central precocious puberty in a male infant with adrenal hypoplasia congenita
Authors: Mastoropoulou Aikaterini , Lane Andrew H. 
Published: October 2024

Abstract

Objectives
We describe a male with adrenal hypoplasia congenita (AHC) caused by a novel mutation in NR0B1, who was noted at 9 months of age to have central precocious puberty (CPP).

Case presentation
A 3-week-old full-term male presented with hypothermia and lethargy, and a 0.3 kg weight loss since birth. Labs were consistent with adrenal crisis, he was stabilized with stress dose hydrocortisone (HC), insulin, and antibiotics, and he was admitted to the Pediatric Intensive Care Unit. Subsequent labs revealed primary adrenal insufficiency with abdominal ultrasound remarkable for nonvisualization of the adrenal glands. Genetic testing identified a novel pathogenic c.707G>A [p.Trp236ter] nonsense variant in the DNA-binding domain of NR0B1 (DAX-1) confirming AHC. The patient was discharged with HC, fludrocortisone, and sodium supplementation with good tolerance and interval weight gain and normal electrolytes. At 9 months of age, the patient developed signs of precocious puberty, which failed to self-resolve or diminish with increased dosing of HC, and by the age of 15 months, he was treated with leuprolide acetate.

Conclusions
Historically, hypogonadotropic hypogonadism has been observed in 76 % of adolescent patients with AHC who have alterations in NR0B1. CPP has been infrequently described in AHC, and the natural history and management of CPP in this setting is not established. Our observations may contribute to the understanding of factors influencing normal and abnormal puberty in infants. Increased awareness of the possibility of CPP in AHC will aid clinicians in the earlier clinical and laboratory detection of this complication.
Crystal structure of 3-methoxybenzyl 2-(6-methoxynaphthalen-2-yl)propanoate, C22H22O4
Authors: Sun Quan-Le , Lin Da-Zhuan , Xue De-Dong , Lin Ying 
Published: October 2024

Abstract
C22H22O4, orthorhombic, P212121 (no. 19), a = 5.861(2) Å, b = 8.140(2) Å, c = 37.654(8) Å, V = 1796.4(8) Å3, Z = 4, R
gt(F) = 0.0310, wR
ref(F
2) = 0.0812, T = 100(2) K.
Crystal structure of dicarbonyl(2-oxopyridin-1(2H)-olato-κ
2
O,O)iridium(I), C7H4IrNO4
Authors: Elmakki Mohammed A. , Kama Dumisani V. , Venter Johan A. 
Published: October 2024

Abstract
C7H4IrNO4, triclinic, P

1
‾

$\overline{1}$

(no. 2), a = 3.5665(2) Å, b = 10.8307(5) Å, c = 10.8865(5) Å, α = 72.9610(10)°, β = 83.631(2)°, γ = 89.189(2)°, V = 399.51(3) Å3, Z = 2, R

gt
(F) = 0.0484, wR
ref(F
2) = 0.0201, T = 100 K.
The crystal structure of 4-(3-(triphenylphosphonio)propyl)piperazin-1-ium dibromide trihydrate, C25H37Br2N2O3P
Authors: Jia Xibei , Li Xiaomei 
Published: October 2024

Abstract
C25H37Br2N2O3P, monoclinic, P21/n (no. 14), a = 9.827(5) Å, b = 14.441(8) Å, c = 10.175(6) Å, β = 103.573(16)°, V = 1403.6(13) Å3, Z = 2, Rgt
(F) = 0.0530, wRref
(F
2) = 0.1105, T = 296 K.
Spatial and temporal dynamics of the prevalence of resistance genes and gastrointestinal pathogens in stool samples of German deployment returnees
Authors: Navabi Vanessa , Wiemer Dorothea Franziska , Halfter Matthias , Müseler Ulrich , Dupke Susann , Petrov-Salzwedel Anja , Schotte Ulrich , Frickmann Hagen 
Published: October 2024

AbstractBackgroundThe exploratory study assessed trends in the abundance of CTX-M-type extended spectrum beta-lactamase (ESBL) and vancomycin-resistance genes vanA and vanB in the stool samples of German soldiers and police officers returning from predominantly tropical deployments next to the common diarrheagenic Escherichia (E.) coli pathovars enteropathogenic Escherichia coli (EPEC), enterotoxigenic E. coli (ETEC) and enteroaggregative E. coli (EAEC)) as well as rarely imported Vibrio spp. between 2006 and 2024.MethodsSurveillance was performed applying real-time polymerase chain reaction and results were stratified by World Health Organization region of deployment as well as by deployment period. For the latter, the study interval was divided into three pre-COVID-19-pandemic periods, the COVID-19-pandemic period and the post-COVID-19-pandemic period. Averaged prevalences were used as references.ResultsIn stool samples of 1817 deployed German soldiers and 117 police officers, averaged prevalences were 47.9% and 24.8% for the ESBL-type beta-lactamase blaCTX-M, 30.2% and 14.5% for vanB, 9.0% and 17.9% for EPEC, 3.4% and 12.8% for ETEC, 4.0% and 3.4% for EAEC as well as 2.0% and 3.4% for Vibrio spp., respectively. While resistance genes peaked during early deployments, maximum prevalences for enteropathogens were seen later.ConclusionsThe assessment suggested time- and region-dependence of the assessed parameters.
A recent update on the antibacterial effects of distinct bioactive molecules derived from the Cannabis plant
Authors: Werner Mathis , Bereswill Stefan , Heimesaat Markus M. 
Published: October 2024

AbstractThe number of human infections with multidrug-resistant (MDR) bacteria is increasing worldwide and constitutes a serious threat to human health. Given the lack of novel antibiotic compounds worsening this dilemma, alternative antibiotic-independent treatment and prevention strategies of infectious diseases applying natural compounds appear highly appreciable. Given the long-known health-beneficial and disease-alleviating properties of Cannabis, we performed a literature search summarizing current knowledge regarding the antibacterial effects of extracts from different parts of the Cannabis sativa plant and of defined Cannabis-derived molecules and their potential mode of action. The included studies revealed that various extracts and essential oils of C. sativa as well as major cannabinoids exerted potent activities against a broad spectrum of Gram-positive bacteria and against some Gram-negative bacterial species including MDR strains. Particularly the disruption of the bacterial cytoplasmic membrane by some cannabinoids resulted in potent antibacterial effects against Gram-positive bacteria including methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus. Furthermore, defined cannabinoids inhibited the formation of and eradicated existing bacterial biofilms. In conclusion, given their antibacterial properties distinct Cannabis-derived molecules expand the repertoire of antibiotics-independent treatment options in the combat of bacterial infectious diseases which should be further addressed in future studies including clinical trials.