bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Comparison of diagnostic validity between mitotic activity index and Ki-67 expression as predictor for breast cancer in distant metastasis
Authors: Ginting Andreasta , Setiawan I. Gede Budhi , Sudarsa I. Wayan , Widiana I. Gede Raka 
Published: May 2019

Background: One particular cause of death from breast cancer is distant metastasis. In this study, we calculate and compare diagnostic value of Mitotic Activity Index (MAI) and Ki-67 expression in predicting distant metastasis.Methods: Study was conducted in Sanglah Hospital from January 2017 to February 2019. All histopathology results from open biopsy are examined, thus MAI and Ki-67 values were obtained. We divided this into 2 groups: MAI high (≥20/HPF), low (<20/HPF) and Ki-67 high (≥20%) and low (<20%). We compared with distant metastasis event as gold standard, obtained from radiology examination. We count all diagnostic characteristics (sensitivity, specificity, positive and negative predictive value, accuracy, and likelihood ratio). We compared these diagnostic validities from data area under curve (AUC) with p value <0.005 considered to be statistically significant.Results: A total of 173 breast cancer patients were participated in this study, 92 of them had distant metastasis (53.2%) and 81 patients didn’t have any distant metastasis (46.8%). MAI had relative high specificity (82.7%) and Ki-67 had fair sensitivity values (69.6%). There are 0.08 point AUC differences between these two variables. With p value higher than 0.05 (0.06), it can be summarized that these two variables are not different significantly and statistically.Conclusions: There is not any statistically significant difference between these two markers in predicting distant metastasis in breast cancer. We hope other researcher interest into exploring more about these markers and their function.
Inflammation modulatory effect of perioperative high-dose statin in prevention of post-operative atrial fibrillation in patients undergoing coronary artery bypass grafting
Authors: Dhaulta Praveen , Panwar Vikas 
Published: May 2019

Background: Atrial fibrillation (AF) is one of the most common complications after coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG), occurring in 20% to 40% of patients. Statins exert pleiotropic effects which are largely independent from their lipid-lowering properties. The objective of this study was based on to affirm the evidence that perioperative statins have a significant role in preventing early postoperative AF in patients undergoing CABG.Methods: A prospective, randomized, cohort study of all consecutive patients who underwent primary isolated on pump CABG surgery was performed. Patients were divided into two groups -statin and non-statin groups - to examine the influence of statins on early postoperative prevention of AF.Results: In total, 127 patients who underwent isolated CABG were included in the study and were analysed. There were no significant differences in age, gender, history of cardiac infarction, concomitant diseases (hypertension, smoking, PPCI, hyperlipidaemia), cardiac functional grading (NYHA III-IV), electro- cardiograms, and preoperative medication. There were no significant differences in the average number of grafts where the left internal mammary artery was used as a bypass conduit, the surgical procedure or total cardiopulmonary bypass time, or aortic cross-clamping (ACC) time. In addition, there were no significant differences in the postoperative mechanical ventilation duration time, length of ICU stays or length of hospitalization between the two groups. The incidence of AF following CABG in the statin group was significantly lower than that in the non-statin group.Conclusions: Oral atorvastatin 40 mg/d, initiated at least 1 week before the scheduled CABG and continued in the early postoperative period, significantly decreases the risk of post-operative AF.
Comparative study of conservative management of anal fissure with warm sitz bath and warm sitz shower bath
Authors: Rathore Rajesh Kumar 
Published: May 2019

Background: Conservative treatment of anal fissure encompasses sitz bath as the prime modality. The present study was conducted to evaluate the comparative outcome of warm sitz bath and warm sitz shower bath among the anal fissure patients.Methods: The present study was prospective comparative evaluation of warm sitz bath and warm sitz shower bath method on 50 anal fissure patients attending the surgery department, Government Medical College, Dungarpur. The fifty patients were divided into two groups (n=25) as patients instructed with warm sitz bath and warm sitz shower bath respectively. The outcome such as pain relief, improvement in symptomatology and satisfaction were evaluated using visual analogue scale for 7 days.Results: The mean age of patients was 31-40 years. The day 1 pain core in warm sitz bath and warm sitz shower bath was found to be 7.54±0.87 and 7.87±0.65 respectively. On day 7 the pain score as significantly (p<0.05) reduced in warm sitz shower bath group as that of the warm sitz bath (2.67±0.47 vs 4.21±0.51) respectively. The patient satisfaction was significantly (p<0.05) higher in patients receiving warm sitz shower bath as that of the warm sitz bath. Further, significant (p<0.05) improvement in symptomology was observed in warm sitz shower bath group as that of warm sitz bath on day 3,5 and 7.Conclusions: Thus, the present study suggests that warm sitz shower bath showed significant efficacy in pain relief and satisfaction as that of the warm sitz bath.
Assessment of Workplace Harmful Factors in Small Workshops
Authors: HOKMABADI Rajabali , EBRAHIMIAN Hossein 
Published: May 2019

Introduction: Small workshops play a great role in creation of the working opportunities, production, and economy of a country. In developing countries, the workers in small workshops are exposed to various health problems. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to assess the workplace harmful factors in small workshops.
Methods: This was a descriptive cross-sectional study. The research population included 1553 workshops affiliated to the health centers in Bojnurd, Shirvan, and Esfarayn cities in 2017. The census and face-to-face sampling methods were conducted to collect the needed information. Data collection tool was a workshop visit form. In this study, SPSS version 18 was used to analyze the data.
Results: Of the 1,553 workshops, 1383 were domestic and 170 were non- domestic. Of the 2207 employees, 1889 worked in domestic workshops and 318 were employees of non-domestic workshops. Moreover, 15 percent of the workshops had appropriate facilities and 30 percent of the employees were in inappropriate situation. According to the findings, 16 and 10 percent of workers were exposed to harmful chemical agents and physical harmful factors, respectively. In addition, 52 percent of workers used appropriate personal protective equipment.
Conclusion: Due to the poor sanitary conditions of the workshops, health centers are recommended to monitor and collect more accurate information on workers' health in small workshops by conducting training programs.
Componentes predominantes de la acción tutorial en estudiantes universitarios
Authors: Guerrero-Ramírez Julia , Fuster-Guillén Doris , Gálvez-Suarez Eric , Ocaña-Fernández Yolvi , Aguinaga-Villegas Dante 
Published: May 2019

<p>La investigación relacionada a la práctica de la acción tutorial en estudiantes universitarios, tuvo como objetivo determinar el componente predominante de la tutoría, reconociendo que la tutoría en la universidad está cobrando valor y significancia en beneficio de los discentes, como área de apoyo, orientación y cobertura durante el proceder educativo en sus distintas dimensiones académicas, profesional y personal. El estudio corresponde al enfoque cuantitativo, de método hipotético deductivo tipo sustantivo, de diseño no experimental, de corte transversal o transaccional y explicativa, con una población de 2629 estudiantes cuya muestra representativa fue de 335 participantes. Los resultados del mismo, demostraron que el 67% de los estudiantes consideraron que la acción tutorial que recibieron fue adecuada, mientras que el 33%, asimismo establece que la dimensión predominante destacada fue el desarrollo académico, se concluye que la acción tutorial sí tuvo presencia significativa y predominante al haber sido considerada como adecuada dentro del desarrollo de la vida universitaria en estudiantes en formación; situación que confirmó y revaloró por la atención a distintas necesidades e intereses por parte del alumnado respondiendo a una educación de desarrollo integral.</p>
Educação no/do Campo: uma luta histórica
Authors: Souza Gabriela Barbosa 
Published: May 2019

O texto submetido se trata de uma resenha do livro “Educação rural no Brasil - do ruralismo pedagógico ao movimento por uma educação do campo”. A obra trata do resultado da pesquisa realizada pelo professor Luiz Bezerra Neto junto ao Programa de Pós Graduação em Educação da Universidade Estadual de Campinas, defendida em 2003. Luiz Bezerra Neto é professor da Universidade Federal de São Carlos (UFSCAR) e coordenador do Grupo de Estudos e Pesquisas sobre Educação no Campo (GEPEC). A obra encontra-se organizada em três capítulos, além de introdução, considerações finais e referências. A obra tem como objetivo “... discutir e analisar as propostas elaboradas e desenvolvidas no interior do movimento do ‘ruralismo pedagógico’, apontando suas reminiscências no discurso dos atuais movimentos, mormente o MST” (BEZERRA NETO, 2017, p.12).
Neural differentiation dynamics controlled by multiple feedback loop motifs in a comprehensive molecular interaction network
Authors: Iwasaki Tsuyoshi , Takiguchi Ryo , Hiraiwa Takumi , Yamada Takahiro G , Yamazaki Kazuto , Hiroi Noriko F. , Funahashi Akira 
Published: May 2019

Abstract
Background: Computational simulation using mathematical models is a useful method for understanding the complex behavior of a living system. The majority of studies using mathematical models to reveal biological mechanisms use one of the two main approaches: the bottom-up or the top-down approach. When we aim to analyze a large-scale network, such as a comprehensive knowledge-integrated model of a target phenomenon, for example a whole-cell model, the variation of analyses is limited to particular kind of analysis because of the size and complexity of the model.
Results: To analyze a large-scale network of neural differentiation, we developed a hybrid method that combines both approaches. To construct a mathematical model, we extracted network motifs, subgraph structures that recur more often in a metabolic network or gene regulatory network than in a random network, from a large-scale network, detected regulatory motifs among them, and combined these motifs. We confirmed that the model reproduced the known dynamics of HES1 and ASCL1 before and after differentiation, including oscillation and equilibrium of their concentrations. The model also reproduced the effects of overexpression and knockdown of the Id2 gene. Our model suggests that the characteristic change in HES1 and ASCL1 expression in the large-scale network is controlled by a combination of four feedback loops, including a novel large loop discovered in this study.
Conclusion: The model extracted by our hybrid method has the potential to reveal the critical mechanisms of neural differentiation. The hybrid method is applicable to other biological events.
Factors affecting SVI in small scale WWTPs
Authors: Kõrgmaa V. , Kriipsalu M. , Tenno T. , Lember E. , Kuusik A. , Lemmiksoo V. , Pachel K. , Iital A. 
Published: May 2019

Abstract
This paper analyses factors associated with bulking in 195 small scale wastewater treatment plants (WWTPs) in Estonia. Operational data from each plant were collected and analysed statistically. The key factors associated with bulking were infiltration into sewage pipes, the type and purpose of process reactor, operational practices and influent characteristics. Both anaerobic fraction and volumetric fraction of the anaerobic reactor compared to the aerobic reactor resulted in a positive correlation with sludge volume index (SVI) &lt;150 ml/g values. Good operation and maintenance practice as well as an operator's competence play a crucial role in bulking prevention. Using the 30 minute settling test (V30) as the single process control parameter can mislead an operator's judgement in process control strategies and cause effluent violations. Misjudgements in process control decisions can lead to unwanted conditions in small WWTPs (e.g. excessive chemical addition favoured bulking). Use of instrumentation, control and automation helped to keep the process conditions more stable and reduce the probability of bulking. Analyses of variance showed that the factors associated with Microthrix parvicella growth were long solids retention time (SRT), low food-to-microorganism ratio (F/M) and lack of carbon content compared against nitrogen and phosphorus contents.
Repurposing of Fluvastatin Against Candida albicans CYP450 Lanosterol 14 α-demethylase, a Target Enzyme for Antifungal Therapy: An In silico and In vitro Study
Authors: Rana Ritika , Sharma Ruchika , Kumar Anoop 
Published: May 2019

Background:
The incidence of fungal infections has increased significantly.
Specifically the cases of candida albicans infection are increasing day by day and their
resistance to clinically approved drugs is a major concern for humans. Various classes
of antifungal drugs are available in the market for the treatment of these infections but
unfortunately, none of them is able to treat the infection.

Objective:
Thus, in the present investigation, we have repurposed the well-known drug
(Fluvastatin) in the treatment of Candida albicans infections by using in silico, in vitro
and ex vivo techniques.

Results:
Firstly, we developed and validated a simple model of CYP45014α-lanosterol
demethylase of Candida albicans by using crystal structure of Mycobacterium
tuberculosis (1EA1). Further, fluvastatin was docked with a validated model of
CYP45014α-lanosterol demethylase and revealed good binding affinity as that of
fluconazole. In vitro results (Percentage growth retardation, Fungal growth kinetics,
Biofilm test and Post antifungal test) have shown good antifungal activity of fluvastatin.
Finally, the results of MTT assay have shown non-cytotoxic effect of fluvastatin in murine
splenocytes and thymocytes.

Results:
Firstly, we developed and validated a simple model of CYP45014α-lanosterol
demethylase of Candida albicans by using crystal structure of Mycobacterium
tuberculosis (1EA1). Further, fluvastatin was docked with a validated model of
CYP45014α-lanosterol demethylase and revealed good binding affinity as that of
fluconazole. In vitro results (Percentage growth retardation, Fungal growth kinetics,
Biofilm test and Post antifungal test) have shown good antifungal activity of fluvastatin.
Finally, the results of MTT assay have shown non-cytotoxic effect of fluvastatin in murine
splenocytes and thymocytes.

Conclusion:
However, further in vivo studies are required to confirm the complete role
of fluvastatin as an antifungal agent.
Exploring the Potential of Capsaicin Against Cancer Metastasis Based on TGF-β Signaling Modulation Through Module-based Network Pharmacology Approach
Authors: Kandagalla Shivananda , Shekarappa Sharath Belenahalli , Pavan Gollapalli , Hani Umme , Hanumanthappa Manjunatha 
Published: May 2019

Background:
Capsaicin is an active alkaloid /principal component of red pepper responsible for
the pungency of chili pepper. Capsaicin by changing the intracellular redox homeostasis regulate a variety
of signaling pathways ultimately producing a divergent cellular outcome. Several reports showed the potential
of capsaicin against cancer metastasis, however unexplored molecular mechanism is still an active
part of the research. Several growth factors have a critical role during cancer metastasis among them TGF-
β signaling play a vital role.

Methods:
The present study aimed at analyzing capsaicin modulation of TGF-β signaling using network
pharmacology approach. The chemical and protein interaction data of capsaicin was curated and abstracted
using STITCH4.0, PubChem and ChEMBL database. Further, the compiled data set was subjected to the
pathway and functional enrichment analysis using Protein Analysis THrough Evolutionary Relationship
(PANTHER) and, Database for Annotation, Visualization, and Integrated Discovery (DAVID) database.
Meanwhile, the pattern of amino acid composition across the capsaicin targets was analyzed using the EMBOSS
Pepstat tool. Capsaicin targets involved in TGF- β were identified and their Protein-Protein Interaction
(PPI) network constructed using STRING v10 and Cytoscape (v 3.2.1). From the above-constructed network,
the clusters were mined using the MCODE clustering algorithm and finally binding affinity of capsaicin with
its targets involved in TGF-β signaling pathway was analyzed using Autodock Vina.

Results:
The analysis explored capsaicin targets and, their associated functional and pathway annotations.
Besides, the analysis also provides a detailed distinct pattern of amino acid composition across the capsaicin
targets. The capsaicin targets described as MAPK14, JUN, SMAD3, MAPK3, MAPK1 and MYC involved
in TGF-β signaling pathway through pathway enrichment analysis. The binding mode analysis of
capsaicin with its targets has shown high affinity with MAPK3, MAPK1, JUN and MYC.

Conclusion:
The study explores the potential of capsaicin as a potent modulator of TGF-β signaling pathway
during cancer metastasis and proposes new methodology and mechanism of action of capsaicin
against TGF- β signaling pathway.
In silico T-cell and B-cell Epitope Based Vaccine Design Against Alphavirus Strain of Chikungunya
Authors: Jadoon Maharij Haroon , Rehman Zainab , Khan Areeba , Rizwan Muhammad , Khan Sajid , Mehmood Azhar , Munir Anum 
Published: May 2019

Background:
Chikungunya an arbovirus, is transmitted to humans by the bite of Aedes
mosquito. The virus occurrences have been reported in Southeast Asian countries including Pakistan.
Its symptoms include typical febrile illness and arthralgic syndrome. The virus has not decisively
proved to be life-threatening.

Methods:
The attempt was to design T-cell and B-cell epitope-based vaccine for Chikungunya.
The proteome of chikungunya was retrieved, antigenic proteins were identified and T-cell epitopes
and B-cell epitopes were predicted. Interacting HLA alleles were also identified. The final analysis
was done to confirm that predicted T-cell epitopes and B-cell epitopes can be used as a vaccine.

Results:
About 32 T-cell epitopes and a 10mer B-cell epitope were identified. Both T-cell and Bcell
epitopes demonstrated strong interactions with HLA alleles. The predicted T-cell and B-cell
epitopes were docked with respective HLA alleles. The docking analysis showed that the predicted
respective epitopes best fit into the binding pockets of the alleles.

Conclusion:
On the basis of this computational analysis, it is suggested that these predicted epitopes
can be used as a remedy against Alphavirus strain of chikungunya. Further laboratory experiments
can be conducted to determine the efficacy and stability of this work.
HYSTEROSCOPY BEFORE IN VITRO FERTILIZATION
Authors: Mitić Dejan , Živadinović Radomir , Bašić Marin , Petrić Aleksandra , Trenkić Milan , Stamenović Snežana 
Published: May 2019

In the last decade, success after in vitro fertilization process (IVF) has remained at a similar rate despite all the improvements implemented in the stimulation protocols and laboratory techniques. Hysteroscopy is a method becoming more widely used with patients after a failed IVF cycle, considering a large incidence of uterus cavum pathological states which have a negative impact on the favorable outcome. Numerous studies have provided different results on the IVF outcome with hysteroscopy performed prior to this treatment in cases with no uterus cavum pathology. The aim of the research was to examine the effect of both diagnostic and surgical hysteroscopy on the outcome of IVF. Hysteroscopy was performed with 74 patients 30 to 50 days prior to IVF and in 33 of them (group I) some pathological state was noticed, which was treated during the same procedure. The control group (group III) included 151 patients who had IVF performed with no prior hysteroscopy. There is no statistically significant difference in the rate of post hysteroscopy implantation between I and II group when compared to the control group (20.62% vs 23.28% vs 17.31%), nor in the rate of clinical pregnancies (45.45% vs 46.34% vs 34.44%). Following the correctional treatment of uterus cavum pathological states, implantation and pregnancy rates remain at a level comparable to hysteroscopically normal medical findings. Statistically significant higher pregnancy rate is present in group I after the first IVF cycle, compared to the next IVF in the same group and in comparison to the next IVF cycle in the control group (60.00% vs 27.91%, p<0.05). Hysteroscopy is a simple and safe method allowing nearly identical rate of clinical pregnancies after a surgical treatment of uterus cavum pathological states when compared to the control group, but statistically much higher pregnancy rate if the order of IVF procedure is being compared. In cases of normal ultrasound findings and negative hysteroscopical findings, performing hysteroscopy prior to IVF does not provide significantly better results. Therefore, its routine execution is not recommended.
THE INFLUENCE OF PROFESSIONAL STRESS IN PERMANENT WORKING CAPABILITY OF WORKERS WITH ARTERIAL HYPERTENSION AND ITS COMPLICATIONS
Authors: Jovanović Jovica , Šarac Ivana , Jovanović Jovana , Sokolović Dušan , Jovanović Stefan 
Published: May 2019

Arterial hypertension is widespread in the population of workers. Stress at work has a significant impact on the emergence of many psychosomatic diseases including arterial hypertension. The aim of this research is to show the influence of professional stress on the occurrence of arterial hypertension, its complications and the permanent working ability of exposed workers in construction. The survey covered 1900 construction workers. The standardized questionnaire has assessed the level of stress and professional stressors in their workplaces. The survey group consisted of 1350 workers whose level of total professional stress index (OSI) was over 60, and a control group of 550 workers with an OSI level below 60. The prevalence of arterial hypertension and its complications is statistically significantly more frequent in the examined than in the control group. In the investigated group, a statistically significant number of workers were registered, who, due to their complete loss of working ability, were sent to the disability commission. With an increase in OSI values above 71, the number of workers with complete loss of working capacity is significantly increased in relation to the number of workers who are capable of working. Professional stress is a significant factor that affects the occurrence of arterial hypertension, its complications on vital organs, which lead to a complete permanent loss of working ability of exposed workers in construction.