bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The Selective Endothelin Receptor Antagonist SC0062 in IgA Nephropathy
Authors: Heerspink Hiddo J.L. , Du Xiaoying , Xu Yan , Zhang Yanning , Liu Bin , Bi Guangyu , Xu Chengyun , Luo Qun , Wu Henglan , Wan Jianxin , Cao Liou , Wang Rong , Fan Qiuling , Cheng Hong , Xu Lixia , Huang Jiyi , Zhong Aimin , Peng Qingfeng , Hei Yongjiang , Wang Yiwei , Zhou Bo , Zhang Liqin , Chen Jianghua 
Published: October 2024

Key Points

Patients with IgA nephropathy and significant proteinuria are at high risk of progressive kidney function loss and kidney failure.We report the results of a clinical trial assessing the selective endothelin receptor antagonist SC0062 for the treatment of IgA nephropathy.SC0062 led to clinically meaningful improvements in proteinuria and did not increase risk of peripheral edema at higher doses.

Background
Endothelin receptor type A activation contributes to kidney injury in patients with IgA nephropathy. SC0062 is a novel selective endothelin receptor type A antagonist. We report the results of a phase 2 dose-finding trial to characterize the efficacy and safety of SC0062 in patients with IgA nephropathy.

Methods
We conducted a randomized, placebo-controlled, double-blind, clinical trial in adults with biopsy-proven IgA nephropathy and eGFR ≥30 ml/min per 1.73 m2 with urine protein-creatinine ratio (UPCR) ≥0.75 g/g or proteinuria ≥1 g/24 hour despite using maximum tolerated doses of angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors or angiotensin receptor blockers. Patients were randomized 1:1:1:1 to 24-week treatment with SC0062 5, 10, and 20 mg or matching placebo once daily. The primary efficacy outcome was percent change from baseline in UPCR in 24-hour urine samples after 12 weeks of treatment. Secondary end points included changes in eGFR. Safety outcomes including treatment-emergent adverse events and serious adverse events were recorded.

Results
Overall, 131 patients (mean age 42 years [SD 11]; mean eGFR 72 ml/min per 1.73 m2 [SD 24] and median 24-hour UPCR 1.2 g/g [25th–75th percentile, 0.9–1.5 g/g]) were randomized to placebo (n=34) or SC0062 5 mg (n=33), 10 mg (n=32), or 20 mg (n=32). All SC0062 doses reduced UPCR versus placebo throughout treatment. At week 12, placebo-corrected geometric mean changes (95% confidence interval) from baseline in UPCR with SC0062 5, 10, and 20 mg were−27.6% (−43.0 to −8.2), −20.5% (−37.4 to 1.0), and −38.1% (−51.4 to −21.0), respectively, and at week 24 they were−22.4% (−42.2 to 4.3), −30.9% (−48.6 to −7.0), and −51.6% (−64.2 to −34.6), respectively. No differences in eGFR were observed among treatment groups. The proportion of participants with treatment-emergent adverse events or serious adverse events was balanced among treatment groups. Peripheral edema was reported by two (6%), one (3%), one (3%) participants in the 5, 10, and 20 mg SC0062-treated groups, respectively, compared with five (15%) in the placebo group.

Conclusions
In patients with IgA nephropathy, SC0062 reduced proteinuria and did not increase risk of peripheral edema.

Clinical Trial registry name and registration number:
A Study to Evaluate the Efficacy and Safety of SC0062 in the Treatment of CKD, NCT05687890.
Long-Term Results from an Open-Label Extension Study of Atacicept for the Treatment of IgA Nephropathy
Authors: Barratt Jonathan , Barbour Sean J. , Brenner Robert M. , Cooper Kerry , Wei Xuelian , Eren Necmi , Floege Jürgen , Jha Vivekanand , Kim Sung Gyun , Maes Bart , Phoon Richard K.S. , Singh Harmeet , Tesař Vladimír , Lafayette Richard ,   on behalf of the ORIGIN Phase 2b Investigators
Published: October 2024

Key Points

Participants who completed a 36-week double-blind study of atacicept were eligible for a 60-week, open-label extension study.Atacicept 96-week treatment resulted in sustained reductions in galactose-deficient IgA1, hematuria, and urine protein-creatinine ratio.The slope of the eGFR was similar to that observed in the general population without kidney disease.

Background
B-cell activating factor (BAFF) and A proliferation-inducing ligand (APRIL) play key roles in the pathogenesis of IgA nephropathy. Atacicept is a novel fully humanized fusion protein, self-administered at home by subcutaneous injection, that binds and inhibits BAFF and APRIL. By inhibiting BAFF and APRIL, atacicept targets the underlying B-cell–mediated pathogenesis driving disease progression. This study evaluated the long-term efficacy and safety of atacicept in patients with IgA nephropathy over 96 weeks.

Methods
Participants with IgA nephropathy who received atacicept (25, 75, or 150 mg) or placebo in a 36-week phase 2b, randomized, blinded trial were enrolled in an open-label extension study and received atacicept 150 mg for an additional 60 weeks. Key efficacy outcomes were changes in galactose-deficient IgA1 (Gd-IgA1), percentage of participants with hematuria, urine protein-creatinine ratio (UPCR), and eGFR over 96 weeks. Long-term safety data were also evaluated.

Results
There were 113 participants (67 [59%] male; 46 [41%] female) who ranged in age from 18 to 67 years who received ≥1 atacicept dose. Over 96 weeks, safety data demonstrated that atacicept was generally well tolerated. There were also sustained reductions (mean±SEM) in Gd-IgA1 (−66%±2%), percentage of participants with hematuria (−75%; 95% confidence intervals, −87 to −59; in participants with baseline hematuria), and UPCR (−52%±5%). The mean annualized slope of eGFR was −0.6±0.5 ml/min per 1.73 m2 through 96 weeks.

Conclusions
Atacicept was well tolerated over the duration of the study. Atacicept treatment reduced Gd-IgA1, hematuria, and UPCR with stabilization of eGFR through 96 weeks.

Clinical Trial registry name and registration number:
Atacicept in Subjects with IgA Nephropathy (ORIGIN 2), NCT04716231.
Physical Training Methods to Improve the Physical Condition Components of Elite Taekwondo Athletes in The Kyorugi Category: A Systematic Review
Authors: Fachrezzy Fahmy , Maslikah Uzizatun , Hermawan Iwan , Jariono Gatot , Nugroho Haris , Syahruddin  
Published: October 2024

Objectives. The study aimed to provide a systematic review of physical training methods to improve the physical condition components of elite taekwondo athletes in the kyorugi category.
Materials and methods. An extensive literature assessment of earlier research was carried out. The objective was to examine articles published between 2020 and 2024 that describe strategies for improving the physical condition component of taekwondo athletes. The electronic search was conducted using Google Scholar, PubMed, Web of Science, and Scopus. The articles that addressed methods for enhancing physical condition through exercise were compiled.
Results. Sixty publications used training approaches to enhance the physical condition component of elite taekwondo athletes in the kyorugi category. Based on the physical state that is assessed and improved, items are categorized. Among the physical training methods that can be applied in the Taekwondo category of kyorugi are plyometric training, circuit training methods, speed, agility, and quickness (SAQ) training; strength training, endurance training, flexibility training, reaction training, power training, coordination training, balance training, resistance training, and functional training.
Conclusions. After thorough analysis, several training techniques have been shown to be effective in enhancing the physical attributes of elite taekwondo athletes in the kyorugi category. These attributes include flexibility, response, strength, power, coordination, agility, speed, balance, and VO₂max.
MANEJO DE MOLARES PERMANENTES HIPOMINERALIZADOS POR MEIO DE DUAS TÉCNICAS: ESTUDO DE CASO
Authors: Côrtes Tatiana da Silva Alves , Pinto Adriana Beatriz Silveira , Dutra André Luiz Tannus , Carvalhal Cintia Iara Oda , Rosseti Daleyane Moreira , Prestes Gimol Benchimol de Resende , Sarmento Naelka 
Published: October 2024

A hipomineralização molar-incisivo (HMI) é um defeito de desenvolvimento do esmalte dentário que afeta um ou mais dos quatro primeiros molares permanentes, às vezes em conjunto com os incisivos permanentes, sendo caracterizado por alteração de cor e maior suscetibilidade à fratura e à cárie. Do ponto de vista histológico, essa condição resulta de uma alteração na deposição de minerais pelos ameloblastos durante a fase de maturação do esmalte, um processo que ocorre desde o terceiro trimestre de gestação até os 3 anos de idade nos primeiros molares e incisivos permanentes. O objetivo deste trabalho foi comparar duas opções de tratamento disponíveis e discutir sua aplicabilidade em primeiros molares superiores apresentando ampla destruição e com envolvimento da dentina. A escolha da opção terapêutica levou em consideração a facilidade de execução da técnica, aspecto comportamental da paciente, sensibilidade pré, trans e pós-operatória, custo, extensão e severidade da lesão. No dente 16 realizou-se a técnica de Hall, por meio da utilização de coroa de aço – NuSmile, cimentada com ionômero de vidro para cimentação Meron C – Voco, e para o dente 26, optou-se pela realização de restauração atraumática (ART) e instalação de banda ortodôntica, utilizando cimento de ionômero de vidro restaurador Riva Light Cure – SDI. Ambas as técnicas foram efetivas, contudo, a banda ortodôntica foi de execução mais fácil e custo menor, além de apresentar menor desconforto após instalação.
Comparisons between Spectral Density Matrix Based Six-Degree-of-Freedom and Traditional One-Degree-of-Freedom Vibration Specification Development for a Common Large Cargo Truck Bed
Authors: Hale Michael T. , Barber William , Porter Jesse 
Published: October 2024

Abstract
As multiple degree-of-freedom excitation systems continue to evolve and become standard hardware in many dynamic test facilities, there continues to be a lag in the development of associated spectral density based vibration specifications. The following discussion is centered on the development of a six-degree-of-freedom spectral density matrix based vibration specification and various comparisons to traditional single-degree-of-freedom, combined three-degree-of-freedom, and synthesized six-degree-of-freedom specification results, all computed from a common set of field data and assumptions of a common mission scenario. Laboratory test results and general observations are presented.
Determinants of nutrition status among adolescents in selected secondary schools in rural Kanungu district Uganda
Authors: Angella Natukunda , Kariuki John , Nyamai Joseph Juma 
Published: October 2024

Background: Adolescence, the time between childhood and adulthood, often considered relatively healthy stage of life remain highly vulnerable to malnutrition. One crucial first step in reducing teenage malnutrition may be to attend to their dietary needs. This study examined the determinants of nutrition status among secondary school adolescents in the Kanungu district, Uganda.
Methods: A school-based cross-sectional analytical study was employed in this study where both qualitative and quantitative methods of data collection were used for triangulation purposes. A multi-stage random sampling method was applied to obtain the study respondents. The Cochran formula was utilized to obtain 340 study respondents.
Results: More than a quarter (37.1%) of the study respondents had malnutrition. Households that were father-headed (OR=1.8,95%CI=1.03-3.20), having met the recommended number of meal frequency (OR=2, 95%CI=1.13-3.44), being aware of healthy dietary habits (OR=2.2, 95%CI=0.29-0.71), having a small household size of 1-4 members (OR=4.3, 95%CI=2.38-7.83) and being employed (OR=2.1, 95%CI=1.17-3.93) increased the odds of having a normal nutrition status while having a primary level of education (OR=3.6, 95%CI=0.11-0.68), having an inadequate dietary score (OR=2.1,95%CI=0.28-0.76) reduced the odds of having a normal nutrition status.
Conclusions: From this study, malnutrition was a public health concern. Households that were father-headed, being aware of healthy dietary habits, having a small household size of 1-4 members, and being employed increased the odds of having a normal nutrition status while having a primary level of education, having an inadequate dietary score reduced the odds of having a normal nutrition status.
Human papillomavirus vaccine for cervical cancer prevention in India: new improvement and way forward
Authors: Sharma Meenakshi , Kaur Ikjot , Sandhu Renu , Kaur Samandeep 
Published: October 2024

Cervical cancer is the malignant abnormal changes in the tissues of cervix mostly transmitted through the human papilloma virus. Prophylactic vaccination against HPV is effective strategy to prevent cervical cancer. India has access to two types of vaccines that are licensed worldwide, the bivalent cervarix and the quadrivalent Gardasil. The drug controller general of India has authorized “CERVAVAC” a new HPV vaccination that is less expensive and is being offered in India as a single dose for females between the ages of 9 and 19 years. The government said in February 2024 that girls between the ages of 9 and 14 will receive the HPV vaccine as part of universal immunization programme. There are significant obstacles to vaccination implementation in India like lack of epidemiological evidences for illness prioritization, vaccine duration, parental attitude and vaccine acceptance. The WHO's goal of eradicating cervical cancer by 2030 depends on implementing socially and culturally relevant public awareness campaigns after educational initiatives for healthcare professionals.
Ciência Aberta e os Desafios para o Compartilhamento de Dados de Pesquisa Genômica.
Authors: Da Silva Fabio Bernardo , Viviane Santos de Oliveira Veiga  
Published: October 2024

Este trabalho, discute os desafios para o compartilhamento de dados de pesquisa genômica alinhado aos princípios FAIR. Para compreender melhor o campo, é proposto o Modelo de Fatores que Influenciam o Compartilhamento de Dados, que engloba a visão tecnológica e social do compartilhamento de dados, aliados aos princípios FAIR. Esse modelo apresenta os fatores de benefícios, custos e fatores contextuais na compreensão da percepção dos pesquisadores e o comportamento de compartilhamento de dados. Além disso, ao identificar as barreiras, fatores e problemas percebidos pelo pesquisador é possível dirimi-los e minimizá-los. O modelo de fatores será utilizado junto aos pesquisadores que desenvolvem atividades de pesquisa na área de dados genômicos. Objetivando garantir que estes dados de pesquisa sejam reutilizáveis na ciência em prol da sociedade, apoiar a gestão de dados na pesquisa em genômica e levantar os requisitos para um modelo que busque garantir a gestão de dados FAIR na área de genômica, promovendo o compartilhamento de dados genômicos aberto e gratuito.
El Rol de la Salud Mental en el Plan de Salud Pública 2022-2031: Desafíos y Oportunidades
Authors: Manrique Abril Fred Gustavo , Herrera Amaya Giomar Maritza , Suárez Parra Adriana Marcela 
Published: October 2024

Introducción: El Plan Decenal de Salud Pública 2022-2031 de Colombia es una construcción colectiva y significativa para mejorar la salud pública y garantizar el derecho fundamental a la salud, especialmente en los aspectos de salud mental y atención a poblaciones vulnerables. Reconoce en la salud, un derecho humano inalienable y define al bienestar integral como físico y mental. El plan establece objetivos estratégicos para mejorar la calidad de vida, reducir desigualdades y asegurar la participación social en la formulación de políticas.
Metodología: Revisión narrativa teniendo como inicio de profundización, los puntos clave sobre la incorporación de la salud mental como un objetivo esencial, la importancia de la colaboración interinstitucional y el fortalecimiento de los servicios de salud.
Resultados: Se describen las estrategias relevantes sobre la gestión de determinantes sociales, la capacitación de personal de salud, y el monitoreo continuo para ajustar las intervenciones según sea necesario.
Conclusiones: Se recalcan los desafíos para la implementación que consisten en el abordaje de las desigualdades en acceso a servicios, el estigma asociado a la salud mental, y la sostenibilidad financiera. Se puntualiza sobre las oportunidades importantes del plan como son un marco legal favorable, la participación social activa y la innovación tecnológica, que pueden mejorar el acceso a la salud mental, especialmente en áreas rurales.
Discusión y Recomendaciones: El Plan Decenal 2022-2031 es un paso fundamental hacia un sistema de salud que responda a la necesidad urgente de ofrecer una cobertura completa, equitativa e inclusiva. La participación activa de la comunidad y la intersectorialidad son componentes cruciales en la toma de decisiones ya que fortalece las posibilidades de éxito en la implementación de estrategias adaptadas a las necesidades reales de cada región, permitiendo reducir las inequidades y mejorar el bienestar general de la población.
Estado moderno y monismo jurídico como excluyentes del Derecho Indígena en México
Authors: Ángeles-Hernández Elías 
Published: October 2024

A partir del surgimiento del Estado moderno en el contexto de la Paz de Westfalia en 1648 en Europa, y con la consecuente centralización del poder y del derecho por parte de este ente soberano, se excluyó de manera sistemática a otros sistemas jurídicos hasta ese momento vigentes. Lo anterior, dio como resultado lo que se denomina en la doctrina como monismo jurídico, fundamentado teóricamente en el iuspositivismo. Con la premisa anterior como telón de fondo, el presente trabajo de investigación tiene como objetivo demostrar que, en un escenario como México cuya conformación como nación independiente se dio bajo la misma lógica europea a principios del siglo XIX, ha sido el propio Estado mexicano a través de la identificación Estado-derecho que se ha excluido desde entonces al Derecho Indígena. Lo anterior ha sido así tanto en la teoría como en la práctica, aun y cuando este sistema jurídico ha existido como tal, incluso desde antes de la creación de lo que ahora es México.
Conditional learning increases the inhibition of layer 4 excitatory neurons by somatostatin- and parvalbumin-expressing interneurons in the barrel cortex
Authors: Kanigowski Dominik , Urban-Ciecko Joanna 
Published: October 2024

Abstract

Synaptic strength underlies information processing, learning, and memory storage, yet little is known about how learning impacts synaptic inputs and outputs of specific GABAergic interneurons, particularly in the somatosensory cortex. Using a simple conditional model of learning in mice, where whisker stimulation was paired with a tail shock, we investigated plastic changes of inhibition mediated by somatostatin- (SST-), parvalbumin- (PV-), and vasoactive intestinal polypeptide-expressing interneurons (VIP-INs) in the barrel cortex. In vitro patch-clamp recordings and optogenetics revealed that conditional learning increases SST-IN and PV-IN synaptic outputs onto layer 4 (L4) excitatory neurons. A small fraction of L4 excitatory neurons in the barrel cortex receives inhibition from local VIP-INs, but learning does not affect this inhibition. Additionally, learning does not alter excitatory inputs to all three interneuron types. These findings suggest that enhanced inhibition by SST-INs and PV-INs may improve information processing and memory coding in L4 of the barrel cortex.
Superoxide dismutase (SOD) expression rate changes in response to water deficit condition in different triticale genotypes
Authors: Basiri Hassan , Alizadeh Omid , Bazrafshan Forud , Zare Mehdi , Yazdani Mohammad , Saed-Moucheshi Armin 
Published: October 2024

Abstract

Water deficit in plants induces a complex responses array of physiological and biochemical changes aiming at mitigating the adverse effects of reduced water availability. Reactive oxygen species (ROS) such as hydrogen peroxide accumulate under drought stress, leading to oxidative damage to cellular components. To counteract this, plants enhance the activity of antioxidant enzymes such as superoxide dismutase (SOD), peroxidase (POD), and ascorbate peroxidase (APX). Drought stress Accordingly, the aim of this was to identify triticale genotypes tolerant to water deficit condition and evaluating the changes in SOD gene expression under water deficit condition using two tolerant and susceptible genotypes of triticale. At first 9 genotypes of triticale were tested under four levels of water deficit treatments and different yield related and biochemical traits were measured to identify the most tolerant and most susceptible ones. The results showed that genotype 3 and 9 can be regarded as tolerant and susceptible genotypes. Following, these two selected genotypes were used in greenhouse experiment under water deficit condition where the activity and relative expression of SOD genes were evaluated at 12h, 36, and 72 h after inducing the stress. Results indicated that SOD activity of tolerant genotype was significantly higher than the susceptible one. Similar results obtained for the activity of SOD enzyme. Both genotypes respond positively to longer exposure to drought, but the response of tolerant genotype was significantly quicker and the values of relative expression were significantly higher than susceptible genotype. The final results indicated that SOD activity along with its expression content can be used as proper marker to spot the tolerant or susceptible genotypes of plant under drought stress. Additionally, genotype 3 showed to be a suitable nominee to be released as a new tolerant cultivar of triticale under water deficit condition.
Harnessing Haloarchaea from Halophyte Atriplex nummularia Rhizosphere to Enhance Salt Tolerance in Maize Seedlings
Authors: Ventura João Paulo , Lacerda Gileno Vieira , Rados Theopi , Bisson Alex , Fernandes Paulo Ivan , Melo Itamar Soares 
Published: October 2024

Abstract

Soil salinization is a critical global issue threatening agricultural productivity and significantly reducing the availability of arable land. Effective mitigation and recovery strategies are vital for sustaining food production, especially in the context of climate change. Halophytic plants, such as Atriplex nummularia, have shown potential for remediating saline soils, but their application remains limited. An alternative approach involves leveraging microorganisms adapted to saline environments to enhance plant stress tolerance. In this study, we investigated the microbiome of A. nummularia under saline and non-saline irrigation conditions to identify extremophilic microorganisms that promote salt stress tolerance. Through 16S rRNA analysis, we identified members of the genus Haladaptatus exclusively in the rhizosphere of salt-irrigated plants. These microorganisms were isolated and inoculated into maize crop systems to evaluate their ability to confer salt tolerance. Our results demonstrate that Haladaptatus strains significantly enhance salinity tolerance in maize, with a marked increase in the relative abundance of archaeal 16S rRNA in soils as NaCl irrigation levels rise. This study provides the first evidence that Haladaptatus, an archaeon isolated from the rhizosphere of a halophyte, can significantly enhance salt tolerance in an agriculturally important crop. These findings suggest a promising biotechnological application for improving crop resilience in saline environments, offering a sustainable strategy for addressing soil salinization and securing food production in the context of global climate challenges.