bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Identification of genes with universally upregulated or downregulated expressions in colorectal cancer
Authors: Song Kai , Su Wei , Liu Yanlong , Zhang Jiahui , Liang Qirui , Li Na , Guan Qingzhou , He Jun , Bai Xuefeng , Zhao Wenyuan , Guo Zheng 
Published: November 2018

AbstractBackground and AimDifferentially expressed (DE) genes detected at the population‐level through case–control comparison provide no information on the dysregulation frequencies of DE genes in a cancer. In this work, we aimed to identify the genes with universally upregulated or downregulated expressions in colorectal cancer (CRC).MethodsWe firstly clarified that DE genes in an individual cancer tissue should be the disease‐relevant genes, which are dysregulated in the cancer tissue in comparison with its own previously normal state. Then, we identified DE genes at the individual level for 2233 CRC samples collected from multiple data sources using the RankComp algorithm.ResultsWe found 26 genes that were upregulated or downregulated in almost all the 2233 CRC samples and validated the results using 124 CRC tissues with paired adjacent normal tissues. Especially, we found that two genes (AJUBA and EGFL6), upregulated universally in CRC tissues, were extremely lowly expressed in normal colorectal tissues, which were considered to be oncogenes in CRC oncogenesis and development. Oppositely, we found that one gene (LPAR1), downregulated universally in CRC tissues, was silenced in CRC tissues but highly expressed in normal colorectal tissues, which were considered to be tumor suppressor genes in CRC. Functional evidences revealed that these three genes may induce CRC through deregulating pathways for ribosome biogenesis, cell proliferation, and cell cycle.ConclusionsIn conclusion, the individual‐level DE genes analysis can help us find genes dysregulated universally in CRC tissues, which may be important diagnostic biomarkers and therapy targets.
Ginsenoside Rb1 promotes intestinal epithelial wound healing through extracellular signal‐regulated kinase and Rho signaling
Authors: Toyokawa Yuki , Takagi Tomohisa , Uchiyama Kazuhiko , Mizushima Katsura , Inoue Ken , Ushiroda Chihiro , Kashiwagi Saori , Nakano Takahiro , Hotta Yuma , Tanaka Makoto , Dohi Osamu , Okayama Tetsuya , Yoshida Naohisa , Katada Kazuhiro , Kamada Kazuhiro , Ishikawa Takeshi , Handa Osamu , Konishi Hideyuki , Naito Yuji , Itoh Yoshito 
Published: November 2018

AbstractBackground and AimDaikenchuto, a traditional Japanese herbal medicine, has been reported to exhibit anti‐inflammatory effects against intestinal inflammation. However, whether daikenchuto has a therapeutic effect against intestinal mucosal injuries remains unclear. Thus, the aim of this study was to determine the effect of daikenchuto on intestinal mucosal healing.MethodsColitis was induced in male Wistar rats by using trinitrobenzenesulfonic acid. Daikenchuto (900 mg/kg/day) was administered for 7 days after the induction of colitis. Thereafter, intestinal mucosal injuries were evaluated by determining the colonic epithelial regeneration ratio ([area of epithelial regeneration/area of ulcer] × 100). Restoration of rat intestinal epithelial cells treated with daikenchuto and its constituent herbs (Zanthoxylum fruit, processed ginger, and ginseng) and ginsenoside Rb1, which is a ginseng ingredient, was evaluated using a wound‐healing assay.ResultsThe colon epithelial regeneration ratio in the daikenchuto‐treated rats was significantly higher than that in the control rats. Daikenchuto, ginseng, and ginsenoside Rb1 enhanced wound healing, and the ginsenoside Rb1‐induced enhancement was inhibited by extracellular signal‐regulated kinase and Rho inhibitors.ConclusionsDaikenchuto and its constituent, ginsenoside Rb1, promoted wound healing. Because mucosal healing is one of the most important therapeutic targets in patients with inflammatory bowel disease, ginsenoside Rb1 may be a novel therapeutic agent against intestinal mucosal damage such as that occurring in intestinal bowel disease.
International Financial Reporting Standards adoption and information quality: Evidence from Brazil
Authors: Eng Li Li , Lin Jing , Neiva De Figueiredo João 
Published: November 2018

AbstractThis paper examines whether the mandatory adoption of International Financial Reporting Standards (IFRS) in Brazil in 2010 has improved the value relevance of accounting information, information content of earnings, financial analyst forecasting activities, and liquidity. We examine the variables in the pre‐IFRSmandatory adoption sample period, considered herein as 2008 to 2009, and the post‐IFRSadoption period of 2011 to 2012. We provide evidence demonstrating improvement in value relevance of earnings and number of analysts following the firms in the period afterIFRSadoption, but we do not find improvements in information content of earnings, accuracy in analyst forecasting, and liquidity in the post‐adoption period. Our findings suggest a positive relationship betweenIFRSadoption and some areas of information quality in Brazil. By focusing on one important economy as it takes significant steps toward full convergence withIFRS, our study contributes to the growing literature concerning the impact ofIFRSadoption around the world.
Comparisons of the stages and psychosocial factors of smoking cessation and coping strategies for smoking cessation in college student smokers: Conventional cigarette smokers compared to dual smokers of conventional and e‐cigarettes
Authors: Oh HyunSoo , Im BoAe , Seo WhaSook 
Published: November 2018

AbstractAimThis study was conducted to compare conventional cigarette and dual smokers (users of both conventional and e‐cigarettes) with respect to the stages of smoking cessation behavior change and psychosocial factors and coping strategies for smoking cessation among college students.MethodsUsing convenience and snowball sampling methods, 300 college student smokers were recruited. The data were collected from July to December, 2016. The data included the general characteristics of the participants, information related to smoking and smoking cessation, the stages of smoking cessation behaviors, self‐efficacy in, and barriers to, smoking cessation, and adoption of coping strategies for smoking cessation.ResultsThe prevalence of e‐cigarette use in the cohort was 19.3%. Nicotine dependence in the dual smoker group was significantly higher than that in the conventional cigarette smoker group. No significant intergroup differences were observed for the stage of smoking cessation behavior and self‐efficacy in, and perceived barriers to, smoking cessation. However, the dual smokers had a significantly higher prevalence of quit attempts and were more likely to adopt smoking cessation coping strategies.ConclusionsThe findings indicated that the dual smokers had higher levels of nicotine dependence, but were more likely to attempt to quit smoking and adopt smoking cessation coping strategies. This implies that dual smokers might find it more difficult to quit smoking related to higher nicotine dependence, despite having a higher motivation for smoking cessation. These characteristics should be considered when developing smoking cessation strategies for e‐cigarette smokers. In addition, different approaches to smoking cessation education should be used for e‐cigarette and conventional cigarette smokers.
A parasternal intercostal perforator flap for esthetic reconstruction after complete chest keloid resection: A retrospective observational cohort study
Authors: Song Ke‐Xin , Wang You‐Bin , Zhang Ming‐Zi , Wang Xiao‐Jun 
Published: November 2018

SummaryObjectiveTo report on the outcome of 35 patients with chest keloids who were treated with intercostal perforator flap surgery plus local radiotherapy at our hospital.MethodsWe retrospectively analyzed the data of patients with chest keloid who under surgical resection at the Department of Plastic Surgery, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Beijing, China between March 2014 and July 2017. We retrieved patient demographic data, donor site position, the perforator pedicle, flap size, angle of flap rotation, complications, and recurrences from the medical records. All patients underwent perforator flap surgery for complete keloid resection followed by radiation at postoperative day 1 and 8 for a total dose 16‐18 Gy.ResultsThirty‐five patients were included in the retrospective analysis. Their mean age was 45.3 years (range 24‐67 years). The mean keloid area was 5‐7 cm × 6‐10 cm. Surgeries were successful in all cases. There were no perioperative complications. Good outcome with no apparent scar growth was achieved in 88.6% of the cases, and 11.4% of the cases achieved satisfactory outcome with partial scar growth in the incision, but no keloid was observed. Twenty‐four months after surgery, none of the resected keloids recurred and none of the donor sites developed new keloids.ConclusionIntercostal perforator flap surgery is an effective and safe approach for repair of wound formed as a result of excision of relatively large chest keloids which cannot be directly appositioned.
Efficacy of platelet‐rich plasma in androgenetic alopecia patients
Authors: Butt Ghazala , Hussain Ijaz , Ahmed Fridoon Jawad , Choudhery Mahmood S 
Published: November 2018

AbstractBackgroundAndrogenetic alopecia (AGA), a patterned hair loss in both males and females, is a commonly occurring disease worldwide. Conventionally, no curative or satisfactory treatment is available for this condition. Therefore, in the current study, we aim to use platelet‐rich plasma (PRP) as an alternative treatment option for the AGA patients.Materials and MethodsA total of 30 patients (20 men and 10 women) with AGA were included in the study between February 2017 and November 2017. Blood (9 cc) from each AGA patient was collected in 10 cc syringe, and PRP was isolated using commercially available kit under sterilized conditions. Isolated PRP was injected in the bald areas of scalp of AGA patients. The whole procedure was repeated after one month (two treatment sessions), and patients were followed for six months. The efficacy of PRP for restoration of hair was assessed using parameters such as hair density, terminal to vellus hair ratio, photographs, pull test, physician global assessment score, and patient global assessment score.ResultsMean hair density on first visit (before treatment) was 34.18 ± 14.36/cm2 which was increased to 50.20 ± 15.91/cm2 after 6 months of first treatment (P value <0.05). On a scale of three, mean scores of physician and patient global assessments were 1.45 ± 0.57 and 1.60 ± 0.62, respectively. Mean percentage reduction of hair pulled was 29.2% (P value <0.05) after PRP treatment. Terminal to vellus hair ratio was increased in 60% of patients after PRP therapy. No remarkable adverse effects were noted in patients.ConclusionResults showed that PRP is an effective treatment option in androgenetic alopecia as indicated by higher hair density, satisfactory physician and patient global assessment scores, and increase in terminal to vellus hair ratio.
Application value of Caprini risk assessment model and elevated tumor‐specific D‐dimer level in predicting postoperative venous thromboembolism for patients undergoing surgery of gynecologic malignancies
Authors: Shi Jun , Ye Jing , Zhuang Xu , Cheng Xiaoyue , Fu Ruojin , Zhao Aimin 
Published: November 2018

AbstractAimVenous thromboembolism (VTE) is a major cause of morbidity and mortality in gynecologic malignant patients after surgery. We aimed to validate the Caprini risk assessment model (RAM) and elevated tumor‐specific D‐dimer as predictive marker of postoperative VTE for patients undergoing surgery of gynecologic malignancies.MethodsInpatients were divided into five groups (low: score = 0–1; moderate: score = 2; high: score = 3–4; higher: score = 5–7; sup‐high: score > 7) and treated according to their risk level after the surgery during the hospitalization according to the Caprini RAM. D‐dimer level was detected during the perioperative period. If D‐dimer did not fall to normal reference range on the seventh day after operation, the use of low‐molecular‐weight heparin was prolonged to 28 days after surgery.ResultsThe majority (853/974, 87.6%) of the patients was in the Caprini score ≥5, with an overall VTE incidence of 1.75%. The VTE group had significantly higher Caprini score, CA125, vascular invasion rate and lymph node metastasis rate. If 1.5 μg/mL was used as the D‐dimer cut‐off value to predicting VTE, the sensitivity was 87.5%, the specificity was 93.8% and the negative predictive value was 99.2%. The D‐dimer level was a marker for prolonging the anticoagulants use during the perioperative period, especially for the sup‐high group.ConclusionThe Caprini RAM is an effective and reliable VTE risk prediction tool for patients undergoing gynecological malignant tumor surgery. The group (score ≥ 5) can be divided into two subgroups (higher: score = 5–7 and sup‐high: score > 7), which may better predict the occurrence of VTE for malignant tumor patients. Great than 1.5 μg/mL D‐dimer before operation should be given more attention for the presence of VTE.
Suggestive hypothesis on a case report: Patient presenting with cyclical ovarian cysts coupled to increased cholestatic enzymes
Authors: Conca Paolo , Cafaro Giovanni , Savastano Silvia , Coppola Antonio , Cimino Ernesto , Tarantino Giovanni 
Published: November 2018

AbstractWe describe the case of a childbearing‐age woman presenting with spontaneous recurrent functional ovarian cysts and, more interestingly, chronic and asymptomatic elevation of cholestatic parameters. The patient showed no history of chronic viral infections, immunological and metabolic disorders, alcohol abuse and environmental toxins exposition. Hepatic ultrasonography and cholangio‐pancreatography‐magnetic‐resonance excluded any morphological and structural abnormalities, while liver biopsy evidenced only minimal and not specific features of inflammation. Cholestasis indices obtained prompt recovery after each cycle of synthetic hormone therapy, implanted to treat functional ovarian cysts. She has continuously experienced the off‐therapy asynchronous recurrence of liver laboratory abnormalities and functional ovarian cysts. The favorable effect of the synthetic hormone therapy to obtaining a stable recovery of this unexplained long‐lasting cholestatic syndrome could be likely explained by downregulation of an endogenous ovarian overproduction, although estrogen‐regulated local intracellular transduction pathways cannot be excluded.
Mediators of the Effectiveness of an Intervention Promoting Water Consumption in Preschool Children: The ToyBox Study
Authors: Lambrinou Christina‐Paulina , van Stralen Maartje M. , Androutsos Odysseas , Moreno Luis A. , Iotova Violeta , Socha Piotr , Koletzko Berthold , De Bourdeaudhuij Ilse , Manios Yannis 
Published: November 2018

ABSTRACTBACKGROUNDThe ToyBox‐intervention has increased preschool children's water consumption. This study aimed to examine if family‐related determinants mediate the effects of the ToyBox‐intervention on preschoolers' water consumption.METHODSOverall, 6290 preschoolers and their families from 6 European countries participated in the ToyBox‐intervention and returned parental questionnaires in May/June 2012 and 2013. This study included the 3725 preschoolers/families who had complete data on water consumption, all mediators, and confounders. Mediation effects were assessed with bootstrapping procedure.RESULTSRegarding the intervention effects on family‐related determinants, the ToyBox‐intervention significantly increased water availability during meals, parental water consumption, parental encouragement to their children to drink water, and parental knowledge on water recommendations. In the multiple mediator model, all factors were independently associated with preschoolers' water consumption and mediated the intervention effect on preschoolers' water consumption (total mediation effect = 40%). After including all mediators into the model, the direct intervention effect remained significant.CONCLUSIONSThe effect of the ToyBox‐intervention on preschool children's water consumption was mediated by most family‐related determinants examined in this study (ie, availability, parental modeling, parental encouragement, and parental knowledge). Interventions aiming to promote water in preschoolers should target these mediators to enhance their effectiveness.
School‐Level Body Mass Index Shapes Children's Weight Trajectories
Authors: Kranjac Ashley W. 
Published: November 2018

ABSTRACTBACKGROUNDEmbedded within children's weight trajectories are complex environmental contexts that influence obesity risk. As such, the normative environment of body mass index (BMI) within schools may influence children's weight trajectories as they age from kindergarten to fifth grade.METHODSI use 5 waves of the ECLS‐K—Kindergarten Class 1998‐1999 data and a series of multilevel growth models to examine whether attending schools with higher overall BMI influences children's weight status over time.RESULTSResults show that, net of child, family, and school sociodemographic characteristics, children who attend schools with higher rates of obesity have increased weight compared to children who attend schools with lower rates of obesity, and this effect increases annually.CONCLUSIONSFindings indicate that the overall weight status of schools influence child obesity, and further speak to the importance of school‐based intervention programs.
School Food Policies and Student Eating Behaviors in Canada: Examination of the 2015 Cancer Risk Assessment in Youth Survey
Authors: Acton Rachel B. , Nguyen Nghia , Minaker Leia M. 
Published: November 2018

ABSTRACTBACKGROUNDLimited evidence exists on effects of school‐based nutrition policies. This study explored the influence of mandatory versus voluntary provincial school nutrition policies on student eating behaviors.METHODSA cross‐sectional, school‐based survey assessed student eating behaviors using self‐report survey measures in a representative sample of Canadian high school students from 7 provinces (N = 12,110). Provincial school nutrition policies were characterized as mandatory or voluntary. Healthful and nonhealthful eating behaviors were analyzed across sociodemographic characteristics. Regression models were used to assess the association between policy type and eating behaviors, and to explore potential moderating variables.RESULTSHealthful and nonhealthful eating behaviors differed significantly across several sociodemographic characteristics. Overall, neither healthful nor nonhealthful eating behaviors differed significantly between schools with voluntary and mandatory nutrition policies (odds ratio [OR] = 0.83, 95% confidence interval [CI] 0.64‐1.08; OR = 1.16, 95% CI 0.83‐1.64). Frequency of buying lunch at school and buying lunch out moderated the association between policy enforcement level and healthful eating behaviors (p = .0472, p = .0119). Frequency of buying lunch out moderated the association between policy enforcement levels and nonhealthful eating behaviors (p = .0009).CONCLUSIONSThis study documents nonhealthful components of Canadian adolescents' diets, and the results highlight important areas for future research in assessing the effectiveness of school nutrition policies.
Youth Chef Academy: Pilot Results From a Plant‐Based Culinary and Nutrition Literacy Program for Sixth and Seventh Graders
Authors: Harley Amy , Lemke Melissa , Brazauskas Ruta , Carnegie Nicole B. , Bokowy Lori , Kingery Lisa 
Published: November 2018

ABSTRACTBACKGROUNDNational data confirm that youth are not eating recommended amounts of fruits and vegetables (F/V), legumes, and whole grains (WGs). Establishing plant‐based eating patterns early in life may positively impact long‐term health through tracking of adolescent eating patterns into adulthood and through potential associations between adolescent dietary intake and adult disease risk. The study aim was to examine the effectiveness of Youth Chef Academy (YCA), a classroom‐based experiential culinary and nutrition literacy intervention for sixth and seventh graders (11‐ to 13‐year‐olds) designed to impact healthy eating.METHODSStudy used a nonequivalent control group design with 8 schools selected for similarity in: free/reduced‐price lunch, race/ethnicity, and student mobility rate (N = 248). Primary outcomes were times per day of F/V, vegetable, and WG consumption. Students completed a survey to assess primary outcomes and other measures at baseline and post‐intervention.RESULTSSignificant increases in times per day of F/V (p = .022) and vegetable only (p = .015) consumption in the intervention group compared to the control group. Increases in WG consumption showed trended toward significance (p = .071). Student engagement and nutrition knowledge showed significant intervention effects.CONCLUSIONSYCA positively impacts behavioral and knowledge variables related to healthy eating and increases students' engagement in their classrooms.
Origins of the Hawaiian flora: Phylogenies and biogeography reveal patterns of long‐distance dispersal
Authors: Price Jonathan P. , Wagner Warren L. 
Published: November 2018

AbstractBotanists have long considered the origins of the Hawaiian flora in terms of long‐distance dispersal from particular source areas. We extensively reviewed phylogenetic studies of the Hawaiian angiosperm flora to determine the most likely region of origin for each lineage from a defined set of source areas. We also evaluated dispersal modes of each lineage to assess whether certain dispersal modes are associated with a given source area. The largest source category was Widespread (involving related taxa that extend across more than one region), although many of these comprised native non‐endemic species, and accounted for little of the total species diversity (after accounting for in situ speciation). The next largest source regions were Indo‐Malayan and Neotropical. Comparatively few lineages originated from the East Asian region, although these include the single largest lineage. Lineages originating in the Indo‐Malayan region predominantly arrived via Pacific Islands, whereas dispersal from all other regions appears to have been mostly direct. Compared with previous analyses, we found a higher proportion of lineages originating in the Neotropics and temperate North America. Widespread origins were positively associated with dispersal via flotation on water, whereas other origins were associated with dispersal by birds, either through internal transport or external adhesion. We identified thirty‐one potential cases of dispersal out of Hawaii to other islands. Our assessment is complicated by lineages with ancient origins, with further complications likely stemming from hybridization events. Overall, numerous lineages including some distinctive endemic genera have not had sufficient phylogenetic study to determine an origin.