bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Electronic energy transfer in biomacromolecules
Authors: Cupellini Lorenzo , Corbella Marina , Mennucci Benedetta , Curutchet Carles 
Published: September 2018

Electronic energy transfer is widely used as a molecular ruler to interrogate the structure of biomacromolecules, and performs a key task in photosynthesis by transferring collected energy through specialized pigment–protein complexes. Förster theory, introduced over 70 years ago, allows linking transfer rates to simple structural and spectroscopic properties of the energy‐transferring molecules. In biosystems, however, significant deviations from Förster behavior often arise due to breakdown of the ideal dipole approximation, dielectric screening effects due to the biological environment, or departure from the weak‐coupling regime. In this review, we provide a concise overview of advances in simulations of energy transfer in biomacromolecules that allow overcoming the main limitations of Förster theory. We first discuss advances in quantum chemical methods to compute electronic couplings, their extension to multiscale formulations to include screening effects, and strategies to treat the interplay between coupling fluctuations and energy transfer dynamics. We then examine the spectral overlap term, and how this quantity can be estimated from simulations of the spectral density of exciton–phonon coupling. Finally, we discuss rate theories that can describe energy transfers in situations where strong coupling leads to delocalized excitions, a common situation found in closely packed multichromophoric systems such as photosynthetic complexes and nucleic acids.This article is categorized under:
Structure and Mechanism > Computational Biochemistry and Biophysics
Theoretical and Physical Chemistry > Spectroscopy
Modular bootstrap revisited
Authors: Collier Scott , Lin Ying-Hsuan , Yin Xi 
Published: September 2018

AbstractWe constrain the spectrum of two-dimensional unitary, compact conformal field theories with central chargec >1 using modular bootstrap. Upper bounds on the gap in the dimension of primary operators of any spin, as well as in the dimension of scalar primaries, are computed numerically as functions of the central charge using semi-definite programming. Our bounds refine those of Hellerman and Friedan-Keller, and are in some cases saturated by known CFTs. In particular, we show that unitary CFTs withc <8 must admit relevant deformations, and that a nontrivial bound on the gap of scalar primaries exists forc <25. We also study bounds on the dimension gap in the presence of twist gaps, bounds on the degeneracy of operators, and demonstrate how “extremal spectra” which maximize the degeneracy at the gap can be determined numerically.
DECADAL CLIMATE VARIABILITY IMPACTS ON CLIMATE AND CROP YIELDS
Authors: JITHITIKULCHAI THEEPAKORN , MCCARL BRUCE A. , WU XIMING 
Published: September 2018

AbstractThis article examines the effects of ocean-related decadal climate variability (DCV) phenomena on climate and the effects of both climate shifts and independent DCV events on crop yields. We address three DCV phenomena: the Pacific Decadal Oscillation (PDO), the Tropical Atlantic Sea-Surface Temperature Gradient (TAG), and the Western Pacific Warm Pool (WPWP). We estimate the joint effect of these DCV phenomena on the mean, variance, and skewness of crop yield distributions. We found regionally differentiated impacts of DCV phenomena on growing degree days, precipitation, and extreme weather events, which in turn alter distributions of U.S. regional crop yields.
“Time's Up”: The Experience of Entering Residential Aged Care for Young People with Acquired Neurological Disorders and Their Families
Authors: Barry Sandra , Knox Lucy , Douglas Jacinta M. 
Published: September 2018

Background and aims: Previous research has highlighted that living in residential aged care (RAC) is associated with a range of negative outcomes for adults with acquired neurological disorders. This study sought to understand the lived experience of entering RAC for young people and their family members and characterise their needs during this process.Method: Data included 64 written and verbal submissions to the 2015 Senate Inquiry into the Adequacy of existing residential care arrangements available for young people with severe physical, mental or intellectual disabilities in Australia. In line with hermeneutic tradition, text was analysed using thematic analysis.Results: Entry to RAC was experienced as a complex process that coalesced around three key events: an unexpected health crisis, a directive that time's up and the individual is required to leave the healthcare setting, with a subsequent decision to move into RAC. This decision was made in the absence of time, knowledge of options or adequate support.Conclusions: Findings suggest that there are both immediate practice changes and longer term policy responses that can support the health and disability systems to uphold the rights of people with acquired disability to choose where and how they will live their lives.
BUDDHIST BUREAUCRACY AND RELIGIOUS FREEDOM IN THAILAND
Authors: Larsson Tomas 
Published: September 2018

AbstractIn accordance with Thai conceptions of Buddhist kingship, Thai rulers have felt obliged to devote considerable energies towards the promotion and protection of Buddhism. Over the past century (and more), state laws have been instituted and bureaucratic agencies established to regulate and implement such promotional and protective activities. This article outlines some broad trends and patterns in the bureaucratization of Buddhism in Thailand, and discusses their implications for religious freedom. It argues that although Buddhism has been extensively bureaucratized, the implications for religious freedom have been less severe than one might perhaps expect, owing not least to the fact that Buddhism is a monastic religion. However, recent developments—taking place in the wake of the 2014 military coup and the 2016 royal succession—suggest that the legal environment is changing in ways that may have negative implications for religious freedom in Thailand.
Analysis of smoking behaviour in patients with peritonsillar abscess: a prospective, matched case–control study
Authors: Schwarz D , Wolber P , Balk M , Luers J C 
Published: September 2018

AbstractObjectiveSmoking is purported to increase the risk of peritonsillar abscess formation, but prospective data are needed to confirm this hypothesis. This prospective study aimed to identify this correlation.MethodsFifty-four patients with peritonsillar abscess were prospectively asked about their smoking behaviour using a questionnaire that was designed and approved by the Robert Koch Institute (Berlin, Germany) to analyse smoking behaviour in epidemiological studies. Afterwards, a consecutive control group (without peritonsillar abscess), matched in terms of age and gender, was surveyed using the same questionnaire. A classification of smoker, former smoker and non-smoker was made, and the numbers of pack-years were calculated and compared.ResultsStatistical analysis of both groups revealed a significant correlation between peritonsillar abscess and smoking experience (p= 0.025). Moreover, there were significantly fewer non-smokers in the non-peritonsillar abscess group (p= 0.04). The number of pack-years was higher in the peritonsillar abscess group (p= 0.037).ConclusionThere is a statistically significant association between peritonsillar abscess and smoking.
Paragonimusand paragonimiasis in West and Central Africa: unresolved questions
Authors: Cumberlidge Neil , Rollinson David , Vercruysse Jozef , Tchuem Tchuenté Louis-Albert , Webster Bonnie , Clark Paul F. 
Published: September 2018

AbstractParagonimiasis, human lung fluke disease, is a foodborne anthropozoonosis caused by the trematodes assigned toParagonimusand is regarded by the World Health Organization as a Neglected Tropical Disease (NTD). The life cycle of this medically important parasite centres on a complex freshwater biological community that includes two intermediate hosts: a mollusc and a decapod, usually a brachyuran. Although there is a perception that the biology, symptoms, diagnosis and treatment ofParagonimusis well understood, in reality, this is not the case, especially in Africa. Much remains unknown concerning the life-cycle of the parasite, its transmission, the current epidemiology of the disease, diagnosis and the effectiveness of treatment. Furthermore, cases of paragonimiasis may be misdiagnosed as resistant tuberculosis (TB) because of the similar pulmonary symptoms and no remission after anti TB therapy. The endemic foci of human paragonimiasis in Africa have been reported mainly in the forest zones of Upper Guinea (Liberia, Guinea and Ivory Coast) and Lower Guinea (Nigeria, Cameroon, Equatorial Guinea and Gabon). Despite the perceived medical importance of paragonimiasis, relatively little attention has been paid to this NTD since its discovery in Africa in the 1960s. This review focuses on the current understanding of the life cycle and transmission ofParagonimusin Africa, discusses its diagnosis and public health importance and highlights many outstanding gaps in the knowledge that still exist for this NTD.
Generating real-time trajectories for a planar biped robot crossing a wide ditch with landing uncertainties
Authors: Janardhan V. , Prasanth Kumar R. 
Published: September 2018

SUMMARYDitch crossing is one of the essential capabilities required for a biped robot in disaster management and search and rescue operations. Present work focuses on crossing a wide ditch with landing uncertainties by an under-actuated planar biped robot with five degrees of freedom. We consider a ditch as wide for a robot when the ankle to ankle stretch required to cross it is at least equal to the leg length of the robot. Since locomotion in uncertain environments requires real-time planning, in this paper, we present a new approach for generating real-time joint trajectories using control constraints not explicitly dependent on time, considering impact, dynamic balance, and friction. As part of the approach, we introduce a novel concept called thepoint of feasibilityfor bringing the biped robot to complete rest at the end of ditch crossing. We present a study on the influence of initial posture on landing impact and net energy consumption. Through simulations, we found the best initial postures to efficiently cross a wide ditch of width 1.05 m, with less impact and without singularities. Finally, we demonstrate the advantage of the proposed approach to cross a wide ditch when the surface friction is not same on both sides of the ditch.
More than Peripheral: How Provinces Influence China's Foreign Policy
Authors: Wong Audrye 
Published: September 2018

AbstractMost analyses of China's foreign and security policies treat China as a unitary actor, assuming a cohesive grand strategy articulated by Beijing. I challenge this conventional wisdom, showing how Chinese provinces can affect the formulation and implementation of foreign policy. This contributes to existing research on the role of subnational actors in China, which has focused on how they shape domestic and economic policies. Using Hainan and Yunnan as case studies, I identify three mechanisms of provincial influence – trailblazing, carpetbagging, and resisting – and illustrate them with examples of key provincial policies. This analysis provides a more nuanced argument than is commonly found in international relations for the motivations behind evolving and increasingly activist Chinese foreign policy. It also has important policy implications for understanding and responding to Chinese behaviour, in the South China Sea and beyond.
Subsistence Hunting with Mixed-Breed Dogs Reduces Hunting Pressure on Sensitive Amazonian Game Species in Protected Areas
Authors: Constantino Pedro de Araujo Lima 
Published: September 2018

SummaryHunting is a major threat to wildlife, and the use of dogs for subsistence hunting may significantly impact wildlife. I assessed the impacts of hunting with dogs by comparing the assemblages of species hunted by the Huni Kuin with and without dogs in indigenous lands in southwestern Brazilian Amazonia. I also assessed whether Huni Kuin agreements on hunting with dogs can be effective for conservation. Huni Kuin hunters with dogs rely on a different assemblage of prey than those without dogs; the former strategy targets mainly fast-reproducing, resilient species, whereas the latter method kills several sensitive or threatened species. Hunting with dogs is also limited to disturbed mixed landscapes near villages because the dogs are used to protect crops and are not allowed into forests in order to prevent them from becoming lost. Additionally, compared to hunting without dogs, hunting with dogs results in an equivalent amount of meat with the use of less effort and ammunition. Moreover, hunting with dogs is not associated with an increase in the distance of prey from villages. Therefore, there is no conservation-related reason to prohibit hunting with mixed-breed dogs in subsistence communities. Nevertheless, community agreements mediate local conflicts caused by the social inequalities related to hunting with dogs.
Sex differences in relation patterns between health-related quality of life of older adults and its correlates: a population-based cross-sectional study in Madeira, Portugal
Authors: Gouveia Bruna R. , Ihle Andreas , Kliegel Matthias , Freitas Duarte L. , Gouveia Élvio R. 
Published: September 2018

Abstract
A population-based cross-sectional study aimed to examine sex differences in health-related quality of life (HRQoL) of older adults, and investigate whether the relation patterns between HRQoL and its correlates differed between sexes. A stratified proportional and representative sample included 802 volunteers, aged 60–79. HRQoL (36-item Short Form Health Survey), functional fitness (Senior Fitness Test), physical activity (PA) (Baecke questionnaire), demographic information and health features (questionnaires) were assessed. Men showed significantly higher HRQoL (P<0.001). Body mass index, body strength, aerobic endurance, PA, depressive symptoms, falls, and living alone were significantly related to HRQoL. With sex as moderator, these relations were not significant, except for PA (β=0.12, P=0.004). A significant interaction of sex with PA on HRQoL (β=0.08, P=0.037) was found, indicating that this relation was higher in men. A similar relation pattern was found for HRQoL physical component. HRQoL and its correlates differed between sexes, demanding a sex specific approach to promote HRQoL.
Who Represents the Needs of Domestic Violence Survivors in State Welfare Policy?
Authors: Whitesell Anne 
Published: September 2018

AbstractA large percentage of women receiving Temporary Assistance for Needy Families (TANF) — known colloquially as welfare—have experienced domestic violence in their lives, with studies reporting that upwards of 50% of welfare recipients have been abused at some point. Receiving TANF benefits can provide the financial stability that is necessary for a woman to leave an abusive relationship, though some TANF provisions, such as child support reporting requirements, may also put victims of domestic violence at risk. Under TANF, states may adopt the Family Violence Option and waive many program requirements, including time limits, work requirements, and child support reporting requirements, for victims of domestic violence. Given the importance of TANF for those trying to leave, or who have left, abusive situations, this article asks: Who represents the interests of these women in the states? To answer this question, I employ a mixed methods approach, combining a quantitative analysis of the diversity of interest groups in the states with a case study of Connecticut and New Jersey. I find that feminist and domestic violence organizations do not consistently have a significant effect on the adoption of policy accommodations for survivors, but these groups are speaking out.
Clutter removal for measuring low-frequency narrow-band antenna using spectral estimation
Authors: Hu C. F. , Li N. J. 
Published: September 2018

AbstractThe measurement accuracy of low-frequency narrow-band antenna is heavily influenced by its environment, which is also difficult to remove the clutter with a time gating. This paper proposes a method to improve the measurement accuracy of low-frequency narrow-band antenna using signal processing technique. The method is to predict the unknown value out of received original signal with an auto-regressive model (AR model) based on modern spectral estimation theory, and the parameters in AR model are calculated by maximum entropy spectral estimation algorithm. Thus, a wideband signal compared with the original band is obtained, and then the time-domain resolution is enhanced. The time gating is more exactly to separate the antenna radiation signal from multipath signals. The simulation and experimental results show that about 50% extended data for each ends of original band can be obtained after spectral extrapolation, and the time-domain resolution after extrapolation is twice than the original narrow-band signal, and the influence of measurement environment can be eliminated effectively. The method can be used to improve accuracy in actual antenna measurement.
Impact of Nealley’s Sprangletop on Rough Rice Yield
Authors: Webster Eric P. , Bergeron Eric A. , Blouin David C. , McKnight Benjamin M. , Osterholt Matthew J. 
Published: September 2018

AbstractTwo field studies were conducted in Louisiana to determine the impact of Nealley’s sprangletop on rough rice yield under multiple environments in 2014, 2015, and 2016. The first study evaluated optimal timings of Nealley’s sprangletop removal for optimizing rough rice yields. The second study evaluated the impact of Nealley’s sprangletop densities on rough rice yield. Nealley’s sprangletop was removed with applications of fenoxaprop at 122 g ai ha–1at 7, 14, 21, 28, 35, and 42 d after emergence (DAE). Nealley’s sprangletop removal at 7 and 14 DAE resulted in higher rough rice yields of 7,880 and 6,960 kg ha–1, respectively, when compared with the rice from the season-long Nealley’s sprangletop competition with a 6,040 kg ha-1yield. Delaying herbicide application from 7 DAE to 42 DAE resulted in a yield loss of 1,740 kg ha–1. Over the 35-d delay in application, rough rice yield loss from Nealley’s sprangletop interference was equivalent to 50 kg ha–1d–1. Nealley’s sprangletop densities were established at 1, 3, 7, 13, and 26 plants m–2by transplanting Nealley’s sprangletop when rice reached the one- to two-leaf stage. At Nealley’s sprangletop densities of 1 to 26 plants m–2, rough rice yields were reduced 10 to 270 kg ha–1, compared with the rice from weed-free plots. Based on regression analysis, Nealley’s sprangletop densities of 1, 35, 70, and 450 plants m–2reduced rough rice yield 0.14%, 5%, 10%, and 50%, respectively.
First Balanced Cross Section Across the Taurides Fold‐Thrust Belt: Geological Constraints on the Subduction History of the Antalya Slab in Southern Anatolia
Authors: McPhee Peter J. , Altıner Demir , van Hinsbergen Douwe J. J. 
Published: September 2018

AbstractEastern Mediterranean subduction accommodated Africa‐Eurasia convergence since Mesozoic time and produced multiple subducted slab fragments in the mantle below Anatolia. These included the north dipping Cyprus and ENE‐dipping Antalya slabs, which are currently separated by an upper mantle slab gap. Segmentation of these slabs, and associated mantle flow, may have contributed to <8 Ma uplift of the Central Anatolian Plateau. The western Central Taurides fold‐thrust belt in southern Turkey is in the upper plate above the Antalya slab and contains a geological record of its subduction. We present the first orogen‐scale balanced cross section of the Taurides and find that it formed in two stages: (1) Cretaceous to middle Eocene thrusting resulted in a minimum of 73‐km shortening, and (2) Mio‐Pliocene thrusting resulted in a minimum of 17.5‐km shortening. Eocene shortening accounts for only ~5 Myr of Africa‐Eurasia plate convergence. It is unlikely that >400 km of post to middle Eocene plate convergence was accommodated between the Taurides and its Beydağları platform foreland and instead must have been accommodated south of Beydağları. The associated southward plate boundary jump separated the Antalya slab from the African plate and the Cyprus slab. The isolated Antalya slab was left in an intraplate setting and is probably still attached to Beydağları today. We suggest the continental composition of the Antalya slab may have prevented its detachment. Finally, the gap between the Antalya and Cyprus slabs existed since at least Eocene time; their decoupling likely did not contribute to late Neogene Central Anatolian Plateau uplift.
Net Value of Wetland Ecosystem Services in China
Authors: Cao Shixiong , Zhang Junze , Su Wei 
Published: September 2018

AbstractWetlands generate a wide range of ecosystem services that support human well‐being and socioeconomic development. However, calculation of the value of these services generally fails to account for their costs. In order to understand the difference between the value and the net value of ecosystem services (VES and NES, respectively), we used government statistics and data from published papers about the values and costs of wetland services to calculate their NES in mainland China. After accounting for the opportunity costs, investment in wetland conservation and protection, and management to prevent natural disasters, the NES of China's wetlands totaled 828.1 × 109 RMB in 2014, which is 36.4% less than the VES of 1,301.9 × 109 RMB calculated using the traditional approach. From 1952 to 2014, the NES of wetlands across the country (adjusted for inflation) decreased from 2,215.9 × 109 RMB to 828.1 × 109 RMB. Accounting for the costs to determine the net value of ecosystem services will provide a better foundation to support land planning and utilization.
Updated Iberian Archeomagnetic Catalogue: New Full Vector Paleosecular Variation Curve for the Last Three Millennia
Authors: Molina‐Cardín A. , Campuzano S. A. , Osete M. L. , Rivero‐Montero M. , Pavón‐Carrasco F. J. , Palencia‐Ortas A. , Martín‐Hernández F. , Gómez‐Paccard M. , Chauvin A. , Guerrero‐Suárez S. , Pérez‐Fuentes J. C. , McIntosh G. , Catanzariti G. , Sastre Blanco J. C. , Larrazabal J. , Fernández Martínez V. M. , Álvarez Sanchís J. R. , Rodríguez‐Hernández J. , Martín Viso I. , Garcia i Rubert D. 
Published: September 2018

AbstractIn this work, we present 16 directional and 27 intensity high‐quality values from Iberia. Moreover, we have updated the Iberian archeomagnetic catalogue published more than 10 years ago with a considerable increase in the database. This has led to a notable improvement of both temporal and spatial data distribution. A full vector paleosecular variation curve from 1000 BC to 1900 AD has been developed using high‐quality data within a radius of 900 km from Madrid. A hierarchical bootstrap method has been followed for the computation of the curves. The most remarkable feature of the new curves is a notable intensity maximum of about 80 μT around 600 BC, which has not been previously reported for the Iberian Peninsula. We have also analyzed the evolution of the paleofield in Europe for the last three thousand years and conclude that the high maximum intensity values observed around 600 BC in the Iberian Peninsula could respond to the same feature as the Levantine Iron Age Anomaly, after travelling westward through Europe.