bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Rh/DNA Nanoparticles, Synthesis, Characterization and Catalytic Activity in “On Water” Asymmetric Hydroformylation Reaction
Authors: Alsalahi Waleed , Trzeciak Anna M. 
Published: February 2018

AbstractDNA‐stabilized Rh NPs were synthesized by the chemical reduction of Rh(acac)(CO)2 (acac=acetylacetonate) in water at 80 °C. The obtained nanoparticles, Rh/DNA, were characterized by various spectroscopic and microscopic methods, such as IR, UV‐Vis, XRD (X‐ray diffraction), ICP‐AES (Inductively coupled plasma atomic emission spectroscopy), EDX (Energy‐dispersive X‐ray spectroscopy analysis), TEM (Transmission electron microscopy), and SEM (Scanning electron microscopy) analyses. Their catalytic activity was successfully investigated in the “on water” hydroformylation of styrene. The conversion of styrene and chemoselectivity towards aldehydes were 100%. A high iso/n ratio was also obtained, up to 6.1 and 16.7 with PPh3 (triphenylphosphine) and (R)‐BINAP (2,2′‐bis(diphenylphosphino)‐1,1′‐binaphthyl) ligands respectively. In the hydroformylation of vinyl acetate with Rh/DNA, performed in the presence of a chiral BINAP ligand “on water”, high enantioselectivity was obtained, up to 49% ee. These results were significantly better than when utilizing Rh(acac)(CO)2 as a catalyst under the same conditions.
Highly Efficient and Stable Flexible Perovskite Solar Cells with Metal Oxides Nanoparticle Charge Extraction Layers
Authors: Najafi Mehrdad , Di Giacomo Francesco , Zhang Dong , Shanmugam Santhosh , Senes Alessia , Verhees Wiljan , Hadipour Afshin , Galagan Yulia , Aernouts Tom , Veenstra Sjoerd , Andriessen Ronn 
Published: February 2018

AbstractIn this study, the fabrication of highly efficient and durable flexible inverted perovskite solar cells (PSCs) is reported. Presynthesized, solution‐derived NiOx and ZnO nanoparticles films are employed at room temperature as a hole transport layer (HTL) and electron transport layer (ETL), respectively. The triple cation perovskite films are produced in a single step and for the sake of comparison, ultrasmooth and pinhole‐free absorbing layers are also fabricated using MAPbI3 perovskite. The triple cation perovskite cells exhibit champion power conversion efficiencies (PCEs) of 18.6% with high stabilized power conversion efficiency of 17.7% on rigid glass/indium tin oxide (ITO) substrates (comparing with 16.6% PCE with 16.1% stabilized output efficiency for the flexible polyethylene naphthalate (PEN)/thin film barrier/ITO substrates). More interestingly, the durability of flexible PSC under simulation of operative condition is proved. Over 85% of the maximum stabilized output efficiency is retained after 1000 h aging employing a thin MAPbI3 perovskite (over 90% after 500 h with a thick triple cation perovskite). This result is comparable to a similar state of the art rigid PSC and represents a breakthrough in the stability of flexible PSC using ETLs and HTLs compatible with roll to roll production speed, thanks to their room temperature processing.
In Situ Oxidation Synthesis of p‐Type Composite with Narrow‐Bandgap Small Organic Molecule Coating on Single‐Walled Carbon Nanotube: Flexible Film and Thermoelectric Performance
Authors: Gao Caiyan , Chen Guangming 
Published: February 2018

AbstractAlthough composites of organic polymers or n‐type small molecule/carbon nanotube (CNT) have achieved significant advances in thermoelectric (TE) applications, p‐type TE composites of small organic molecules as thick surface coating layers on the surfaces of inorganic nanoparticles still remain a great challenge. Taking advantage of in situ oxidation reaction of thieno[3,4‐b]pyrazine (TP) into TP di‐N‐oxide (TPNO) on single‐walled CNT (SWCNT) surface, a novel synthesis strategy is proposed to achieve flexible films of TE composites with narrow‐bandgap (1.19 eV) small molecule coating on SWCNT surface. The TE performance can be effectively enhanced and conveniently tuned by poly(sodium‐p‐styrenesulfonate) content, TPNO/SWCNT mass ratio, and posttreatment by various polar solvents. The maximum of the composite power factor at room temperature is 29.4 ± 1.0 µW m−1 K−2. The work presents a way to achieve flexible films of p‐type small organic molecule/inorganic composites with clear surface coating morphology for TE application.
Hollow PtPdRh Nanocubes with Enhanced Catalytic Activities for In Vivo Clearance of Radiation‐Induced ROS via Surface‐Mediated Bond Breaking
Authors: Wang Jun‐Ying , Mu Xiaoyu , Li Yonghui , Xu Fujuan , Long Wei , Yang Jiang , Bian Peixian , Chen Junchi , Ouyang Lufei , Liu Haile , Jing Yaqi , Wang Jingya , Liu Lingfang , Dai Haitao , Sun Yuanming , Liu Changlong , Zhang Xiao‐Dong 
Published: February 2018

AbstractCatalytic nanomaterials can be used extrinsically to combat diseases associated with a surplus of reactive oxygen species (ROS). Rational design of surface morphologies and appropriate doping can substantially improve the catalytic performances. In this work, a class of hollow polyvinyl pyrrolidone‐protected PtPdRh nanocubes with enhanced catalytic activities for in vivo free radical scavenging is proposed. Compared with Pt and PtPd counterparts, ternary PtPdRh nanocubes show remarkable catalytic properties of decomposing H2O2 via enhanced oxygen reduction reactions. Density functional theory calculation indicates that the bond of superoxide anions breaks for the energetically favorable status of oxygen atoms on the surface of PtPdRh. Viability of cells and survival rate of animal models under exposure of high‐energy γ radiation are considerably enhanced by 94% and 50% respectively after treatment of PtPdRh nanocubes. The mechanistic investigations on superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity, malondialdehyde amount, and DNA damage repair demonstrate that hollow PtPdRh nanocubes act as catalase, peroxidase, and SOD analogs to efficiently scavenge ROS.
Petri net modeling and analysis of an iPad manufacturing system
Authors: Shen Rong‐Kuan , Chiou Gwo‐Jen , Yang Cheng‐Ying , Shen Victor R.L. , Chen Yu‐Chia 
Published: February 2018

AbstractThe ever increasing sales of Apple's iPad have created a tablet computer craze, attracting various manufacturers to invest and conduct research in this sector. Meanwhile, the production cost is crucial to being considered in the craze. To lower the cost, manufacturers are striving to develop reasonable and complete manufacturing processes. We have herewith proposed a Petri net model to describe the system structure and to label out the simulated operation messages or dynamic decision‐making behaviors. The key minimal cost path is finally found so as to manifest the optimal decision‐making on the production flow. Finally, the software tool, PIPE‐2, is used to verify the algorithm of finding the minimal cost path. Thus, the experimental results successfully demonstrate the feasibility of the proposed approach.
Relative Bias and Precision of Age Estimates among Calcified Structures of Spotted Gar, Shortnose Gar, and Longnose Gar
Authors: King Sarah M. , David Solomon R. , Stein Jeffrey A. 
Published: February 2018

AbstractRecreational angling for gars (family Lepisosteidae) has become more popular in recent years; however, the fundamental understanding of their population dynamics needed for effective management and conservation is lacking. Age data are essential for describing population dynamic rate functions, but few studies have addressed the selection of ideal calcified structures for estimating age in gars. We collected Spotted Gars Lepisosteus oculatus, Shortnose Gars L. platostomus, and Longnose Gars L. osseus from 12 Illinois water bodies to assess the relative bias and precision of age estimates derived from branchiostegal rays, pectoral fin rays, cleithra, and sagittal otoliths. Age assignments differed among these calcified structures for all three species. Branchiostegal rays underestimated the age of young fish and overestimated the age of old fish relative to all other structures. Pectoral fin rays consistently underestimated age relative to other structures and produced the lowest mean and maximum age estimates. Although there was low relative bias between readers for all structures, age assignments showed greater variability between readers for old age‐classes when age estimates were derived from cleithra and otoliths. Between‐reader precision was highest using pectoral fin rays, whereas cleithra and otoliths generated lower coefficients of variation and percent agreement values. These findings reveal a need to improve or modify structure processing methods to increase readability when cleithra and otoliths are used for age estimation. Given these results, future validation studies should target branchiostegal rays and pectoral fin rays to determine the most accurate calcified structure for aging gars.
Comparison of Two Biometric Methods for Nonlethal Sex Determination of Alligator Gars
Authors: McDonald Dusty L. , Schlechte J. Warren , Daugherty Daniel J. 
Published: February 2018

AbstractMcDonald et al. () proposed a morphometry‐based method for nonlethal sex prediction of the Alligator Gar Atractosteus spatula. Their method correctly predicted the sex of 93% of the males and 72% of the females tested, but failed to predict the sex of 21% of the fish. The authors noted that the method was primarily developed using immature fish from a single Texas population and recommended further validation and refinement using fish of diverse sizes from a broad range of systems. We tested the McDonald et al. () method using 149 fish (standard length, 707–1,920 mm) collected from seven Texas populations. Sex prediction based on the McDonald et al. () method improved for both sexes (98% of males and 86% of females); however, sex still could not be predicted for 29% of the fish. As a result, we explored the use of a cross‐validated, discriminant function analysis (DFA) using the morphometric ratios developed by McDonald et al. () to improve our ability to predict the sex of sampled fish. The DFA facilitated probability‐based predictions of all fish sampled and had an overall accuracy of 84% for males and 89% for females. Logistic regression based on the success of the DFA suggested that fish >1,100 mm SL are easier to identify using the morphometric ratios (>90% accuracy), likely because changes in body shape are associated with sexual maturity. In addition to predicting the sex of all of the fish sampled, the DFA approach facilitated calculation of the probability of correct discrimination for each fish. Due to these advantages, along with its comparable accuracy, we recommend the use of the DFA approach over the method proposed by McDonald et al. () for predicting the sex of Alligator Gars.
Circadian processes in the RNA life cycle
Authors: Torres Manon , Becquet Denis , Franc Jean‐Louis , François‐Bellan Anne‐Marie 
Published: February 2018

The circadian clock drives daily rhythms of multiple physiological processes, allowing organisms to anticipate and adjust to periodic changes in environmental conditions. These physiological rhythms are associated with robust oscillations in the expression of at least 30% of expressed genes. While the ability for the endogenous timekeeping system to generate a 24‐hr cycle is a cell‐autonomous mechanism based on negative autoregulatory feedback loops of transcription and translation involving core‐clock genes and their protein products, it is now increasingly evident that additional mechanisms also govern the circadian oscillations of clock‐controlled genes. Such mechanisms can take place post‐transcriptionally during the course of the RNA life cycle. It has been shown that many steps during RNA processing are regulated in a circadian manner, thus contributing to circadian gene expression. These steps include mRNA capping, alternative splicing, changes in splicing efficiency, and changes in RNA stability controlled by the tail length of polyadenylation or the use of alternative polyadenylation sites. RNA transport can also follow a circadian pattern, with a circadian nuclear retention driven by rhythmic expression within the nucleus of particular bodies (the paraspeckles) and circadian export to the cytoplasm driven by rhythmic proteins acting like cargo. Finally, RNA degradation may also follow a circadian pattern through the rhythmic involvement of miRNAs. In this review, we summarize the current knowledge of the post‐transcriptional circadian mechanisms known to play a prominent role in shaping circadian gene expression in mammals.This article is categorized under:

RNA Processing > Splicing Regulation/Alternative Splicing
RNA Processing > RNA Editing and Modification
RNA Export and Localization > Nuclear Export/Import
Wavefronts and shocks in the vicinity of sonic lines
Authors: Núñez Manuel 
Published: February 2018

AbstractSonic points in an equilibrium fluid are those for which the speed of sound equals the flow velocity. We study how high frequency waves evolve in the presence of sonic points. It is shown that their behavior depends in an essential way on the original direction of the wave normal, and the effects of sonic points extend far beyond their immediate vicinity. The transport equation along rays of perturbations of the original equilibrium is also detailed, obtaining conditions for their evolution into shocks.
Depression Induced by Total Mastectomy, Breast Conserving Surgery and Breast Reconstruction: A Systematic Review and Meta‐analysis
Authors: Zhang Chengjiao , Hu Guangfu , Biskup Ewelina , Qiu Xiaochun , Zhang Hongwei , Zhang Haiyin 
Published: February 2018

AbstractBackgroundTo carry out a systematic review and meta‐analysis of the literature to determine whether different type of surgery induces different depression occurrence in female breast cancer at mean time more than 1‐year term postoperatively.MethodsA systematic literature search of PubMed, Web of Science, EMBASE, OvidSP, EBSCO and PsycARTICLES was conducted. Observational clinical studies that compared the depression incidence in different surgery groups and presented empirical findings were selected.ResultsSixteen studies met the inclusion criteria, including 5, 4, 2 and 5 studies compared depression between total mastectomy (TM) and breast conserving therapy (BCS), TM and breast reconstruction (BR), BCS and BR, or among all three groups (TM, BCS and BR), respectively. Only 1 of 5 studies, which subjected to multivariate analysis of depression in female breast cancer, reported a statistically significant effect of type of surgery on depression occurrence. Our meta‐analysis showed no significant differences among the three types of surgery, with BCS patients versus TM patients (relative risk [RR] = 0.89, 95% confidence interval [CI] 0.78–1.01; P = 0.06), BR patients versus TM patients (RR = 0.87, 95% CI 0.71–1.06; P = 0.16) and BCS patients versus BR patients (RR = 1.10; 95% CI 0.89–1.35; P = 0.37), respectively.ConclusionsOur study showed that there were no statistically significant differences concerning the occurrence of depressive symptoms in breast cancer patients as a consequence of TM, BCS or BR at mean time more than 1‐year term postoperatively.
Biclustering by sparse canonical correlation analysis
Authors: Pimentel Harold , Hu Zhiyue , Huang Haiyan 
Published: February 2018

BackgroundDeveloping appropriate computational tools to distill biological insights from large‐scale gene expression data has been an important part of systems biology. Considering that gene relationships may change or only exist in a subset of collected samples, biclustering that involves clustering both genes and samples has become in‐creasingly important, especially when the samples are pooled from a wide range of experimental conditions.MethodsIn this paper, we introduce a new biclustering algorithm to find subsets of genomic expression features (EFs) (e.g., genes, isoforms, exon inclusion) that show strong “group interactions” under certain subsets of samples. Group interactions are defined by strong partial correlations, or equivalently, conditional dependencies between EFs after removing the influences of a set of other functionally related EFs. Our new biclustering method, named SCCA‐BC, extends an existing method for group interaction inference, which is based on sparse canonical correlation analysis (SCCA) coupled with repeated random partitioning of the gene expression data set.ResultsSCCA‐BC gives sensible results on real data sets and outperforms most existing methods in simulations. Software is available at https://github.com/pimentel/scca‐bc.ConclusionsSCCA‐BC seems to work in numerous conditions and the results seem promising for future extensions. SCCA‐BC has the ability to find different types of bicluster patterns, and it is especially advantageous in identifying a bicluster whose elements share the same progressive and multivariate normal distribution with a dense covariance matrix.
The cost of Alzheimer's disease in China and re‐estimation of costs worldwide
Authors: Jia Jianping , Wei Cuibai , Chen Shuoqi , Li Fangyu , Tang Yi , Qin Wei , Zhao Lina , Jin Hongmei , Xu Hui , Wang Fen , Zhou Aihong , Zuo Xiumei , Wu Liyong , Han Ying , Han Yue , Huang Liyuan , Wang Qi , Li Dan , Chu Changbiao , Shi Lu , Gong Min , Du Yifeng , Zhang Jiewen , Zhang Junjian , Zhou Chunkui , Lv Jihui , Lv Yang , Xie Haiqun , Ji Yong , Li Fang , Yu Enyan , Luo Benyan , Wang Yanjiang , Yang Shanshan , Qu Qiumin , Guo Qihao , Liang Furu , Zhang Jintao , Tan Lan , Shen Lu , Zhang Kunnan , Zhang Jinbiao , Peng Dantao , Tang Muni , Lv Peiyuan , Fang Boyan , Chu Lan , Jia Longfei , Gauthier Serge 
Published: February 2018

AbstractIntroductionThe socioeconomic costs of Alzheimer's disease (AD) in China and its impact on global economic burden remain uncertain.MethodsWe collected data from 3098 patients with AD in 81 representative centers across China and estimated AD costs for individual patient and total patients in China in 2015. Based on this data, we re‐estimated the worldwide costs of AD.ResultsThe annual socioeconomic cost per patient was US $19,144.36, and total costs were US $167.74 billion in 2015. The annual total costs are predicted to reach US $507.49 billion in 2030 and US $1.89 trillion in 2050. Based on our results, the global estimates of costs for dementia were US $957.56 billion in 2015, and will be US $2.54 trillion in 2030, and US $9.12 trillion in 2050, much more than the predictions by the World Alzheimer Report 2015.DiscussionChina bears a heavy burden of AD costs, which greatly change the estimates of AD cost worldwide.
Surgical and oncological short-term outcomes of prone extralevator abdominoperineal excision for low rectal cancer
Authors: Cesar Daniel , Araujo Rodrigo , Valadão Marcus , Linhares Eduardo , Meton Fernando , Jesus José Paulo de 
Published: February 2018

Abstract
Introduction In recent years, a standardized surgical approach for low rectal cancer was proposed and adopted in many centres. The extralevator abdominoperineal excision introduce an extensive resection of the pelvic floor and demonstrated superiority if the procedure is done in the prone jack-knife position, especially regarding intraoperative perforation and circumferential resections margins. The aim of this study is to evaluate the surgical and oncological short-term outcomes of prone extralevator abdominoperineal excision.
Methods All patients registered in our institution from January 2003 to January 2015 who underwent abdominoperineal resection or prone extralevator abdominoperineal excision for low rectal cancer after preoperative chemoradiation were retrospectively included from prospective maintained data base and were compared regarding surgical and oncological outcomes.
Results Eighty-nine patients underwent curative intent resections. Abdominoperineal resection was performed in 67 patients and prone extralevator abdominoperineal excision in 22 patients. There were no statistical significant differences between groups regarding pathological stage, median number of harvested lymph node, intraoperative perforation, circumferential resections margins involvement and recurrence rates. Surgical outcomes were statistically different between groups. Twenty-six patients (29%) developed perineal complications, 21% of the abdominoperineal resection patients and 55% of the prone extralevator abdominoperineal excision (p < 0.001). Most of these complications were due to delayed perineal wound healing (12.4%), and wound abscesses (4.5%). However, the readmission rate and median length of hospital stay was higher in the abdominoperineal resection group (p < 0.001).
Conclusion Prone extralevator abdominoperineal excision is comparable to standard abdominoperineal resection. It was associated to a decrease in length of hospital stay and readmission rate, although more perineal complications occurred. We cannot recommend it as a standard technique for all low rectal cancer. Notwithstanding, prone extralevator abdominoperineal excision can be considered a more radical approach when there is sphincter complex or levators muscles invasion.
An unusual case of interrupted cervical aortic arch associated with long segment coarctation of the descending thoracic aorta
Authors: Dey Mousam , Garg Naveen , Kumar Sunil 
Published: February 2018

AbstractInterrupted aortic arch is a rare congenital anomaly in newborns and infants and is commonly associated with other cardiovascular anomalies. Here, we report an unusual case of type A interrupted cervical aortic arch associated with long segment coarctation of the descending thoracic aorta. Patent ductus arteriosus reconstituted the descending thoracic aorta. Proximal segments of the left common carotid and left subclavian arteries were atretic. Echocardiography-gated multidetector CT angiography not only identified the type of aortic arch interruption in the neonate but also delineated the exact anatomical details.
Electrons dynamics control by shaping femtosecond laser pulses in micro/nanofabrication: modeling, method, measurement and application
Authors: Jiang Lan , Wang An-Dong , Li Bo , Cui Tian-Hong , Lu Yong-Feng 
Published: February 2018

AbstractDuring femtosecond laser fabrication, photons are mainly absorbed by electrons, and the subsequent energy transfer from electrons to ions is of picosecond order. Hence, lattice motion is negligible within the femtosecond pulse duration, whereas femtosecond photon-electron interactions dominate the entire fabrication process. Therefore, femtosecond laser fabrication must be improved by controlling localized transient electron dynamics, which poses a challenge for measuring and controlling at the electron level during fabrication processes. Pump-probe spectroscopy presents a viable solution, which can be used to observe electron dynamics during a chemical reaction. In fact, femtosecond pulse durations are shorter than many physical/chemical characteristic times, which permits manipulating, adjusting, or interfering with electron dynamics. Hence, we proposed to control localized transient electron dynamics by temporally or spatially shaping femtosecond pulses, and further to modify localized transient materials properties, and then to adjust material phase change, and eventually to implement a novel fabrication method. This review covers our progresses over the past decade regarding electrons dynamics control (EDC) by shaping femtosecond laser pulses in micro/nanomanufacturing: (1) Theoretical models were developed to prove EDC feasibility and reveal its mechanisms; (2) on the basis of the theoretical predictions, many experiments are conducted to validate our EDC-based femtosecond laser fabrication method. Seven examples are reported, which proves that the proposed method can significantly improve fabrication precision, quality, throughput and repeatability and effectively control micro/nanoscale structures; (3) a multiscale measurement system was proposed and developed to study the fundamentals of EDC from the femtosecond scale to the nanosecond scale and to the millisecond scale; and (4) As an example of practical applications, our method was employed to fabricate some key structures in one of the 16 Chinese National S&T Major Projects, for which electron dynamics were measured using our multiscale measurement system.