bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Evaporitic–lacustrine mudstone laminites and prodelta mudlobes – continuity and change in the Hartmann's Valley interval, Murray formation, Gale crater, Mars
Authors: Schieber Juergen , Bohacs Kevin M. , Bish David , Coleman Max , Thompson Lucy , Rapin William , Yawar Zalmai 
Published: October 2024

ABSTRACTThe sedimentary fill of Gale crater on Mars is dominated by lacustrine strata that are the focus of investigations into surface processes, climate change and habitability early in the planet's history. This study focuses on the lower part of the explored portion of the Murray formation on Aeolis Mons (Mount Sharp) in the Pahrump Hills and Hartmann's Valley field areas. At Pahrump Hills, sedimentary features and geochemical attributes of exposed mudstones suggest accumulation in an underfilled lake basin in which lake levels, shorelines and salinities fluctuated greatly at various temporal scales. The immediately superjacent stratigraphic interval, designated by the rover team as the Hartmann's Valley member, has previously been interpreted as an aeolian‐deposited sandstone interval. This fresh examination of all available data, however, suggests that the Hartmann's Valley member is strongly dominated by the same mudstone facies that compose most of the underlying Pahrump Hills member. The one novel facies element encountered in the Hartmann's Valley member are undulose bedded to convex bodies of mudstone that are oriented roughly north–south, suggestive of sediment supply from a northern fluvial source. Mudstones analogous in scale and character to these undulose mudstones occur on Earth in multiple modern and ancient lacustrine successions, and are related to deposition of prodelta mud lobes. The mudstones of the Hartmann's Valley member record a continuation of the underfilled evaporitive lake system proposed previously for the underlying Pahrump Hills member but with somewhat more variable environmental conditions. Hartmann's Valley mudstones contain more abundant matrix CaSO4, suggesting more severe evaporitic conditions, whereas the interbedded undulose bedded mudstones signify intermittent freshening and buildout of mud‐dominated deltas into the lake. The textural similarities between Pahrump Hills and Hartmann's Valley strata suggest that the Gale lacustrine system operated at a stable depositional mode with similar environmental parameters during both stratigraphic intervals.
High Incidence of Injuries Among Adolescent Elite Skiers—A 5‐Year Cohort Study
Authors: Lindman Ida , Baranto Adad , Agnvall Cecilia , Abrahamson Josefin 
Published: October 2024

ABSTRACTCompetitive skiing has gained increasing popularity among adolescent, yet it comes with injury risks. The aim was to determine injury incidence, type and time of injury, localization, and diagnosis, among adolescent competitive skiers (alpine, cross‐country, ski‐cross, mogul), and to compare between skiing discipline, sex, and high school year. All students (n = 190) enrolled in a ski high school from August 2013 to June 2018 were included. All injuries during the study period were prospectively registered by the physiotherapist at the high school. Demographic and injury data were registered. Absolute injury incidence (injuries/100 skiers) was calculated. In total, 166 (87%) skiers reported 502 injuries, which corresponds to an absolute injury incidence of 264.2 injuries/100 skiers during the 5‐year follow‐up. A higher injury incidence was shown in school year 1 compared with year 2–4 (131.3 vs. 79.5–98.4; p < 0.05). No differences in injury incidence were found between sex or skiing discipline. Females were more prone of having a gradual‐onset injury compared with males (179.3 vs. 96.3; p < 0.001). Mogul skiers had higher incidence of acute injuries compared with the other disciplines (220.0 vs. 71.4–160.0; p < 0.001). The knee was the most common localization across all skiing disciplines, except for cross‐country (lower leg). Low back pain was the predominant diagnosis, except in ski‐cross (concussion). Skiers attending specialized ski high schools exhibited a significantly high injury incidence, with first‐year students being the most susceptible to injuries, across all skiing disciplines and both sexes. While the knee was the most common injury location, concussion was remarkably frequent, particularly among ski‐cross skiers.
Efficacy of a chewable tablet containing sarolaner, moxidectin and pyrantel for the treatment of generalised demodicosis in dogs
Authors: Becskei Csilla , Liebenberg Julian , Fernandes Tiago , Borowski Stasia , D'Hanis Lina , Mahabir Sean P. 
Published: October 2024

AbstractBackgroundDemodicosis is common in dogs and is caused by proliferation of commensal Demodex canis mites.ObjectiveTo evaluate the efficacy of sarolaner in combination with moxidectin and pyrantel (SMP) for the treatment of generalised demodicosis in dogs.AnimalsOne hundred and thirty dogs with generalised demodicosis.Materials and MethodsIn two separate randomised masked studies (laboratory and field studies), dogs received monthly oral SMP or afoxolaner + milbemycin oxime (AM). In the laboratory study, dogs received three monthly treatments with biweekly mite counts and clinical evaluations. In the field study, mite counts and clinical evaluations were performed monthly and treatments were administered until two consecutive skin scrapings were negative.ResultsBoth products were tolerated well. In the laboratory study, mite counts for SMP were significantly (p < 0.001) reduced by 88.8% on Day (D)14, by 99.2% on D29, and no live mites were detected thereafter with no statistically significant difference (p = 0.96) between the two treatment groups. In the field study, SMP provided 92.4%, 98.1%, 100% and 100% reduction in arithmetic mean live mite counts on D30, D60, D90 and D120, and was non‐inferior to the control product on D30 and D60. Clinical signs of demodicosis improved in all dogs.Conclusions and Clinical RelevanceMonthly administration of SMP was effective for the treatment of generalised demodicosis in dogs as it eliminated Demodex mites after two monthly treatments in the laboratory study, and at most after three monthly treatments in the field study.
Prevalence of immunoglobulin E sensitisation to mites and pollens in 25,451 French dogs from 2016 to 2022
Authors: Drouet Laurent , Bonati Silvia , Cozar Alicia , Petit Nathalie , Prélaud Pascal 
Published: October 2024

AbstractBackgroundCanine atopic dermatitis (cAD) is a common skin disorder in dogs, wherein allergens are presumed to exert a significant influence. The prevalence of allergen sensitisation in dogs with suspected cAD remains inadequately investigated in France.Hypothesis/ObjectivesThis study aimed to analyse allergen‐specific immunoglobulin (Ig)E test results from French dogs with suspected cAD, exploring potential risk factors influencing sensitisation.AnimalsThe study included 25,451 client‐owned dogs presented with clinical signs of cAD between January 2016 and December 2022. The study population consisted of 226 pure breeds and 915 cross‐bred dogs of both sexes, with a mean age of 4.4 (±2.8) years.Materials and MethodsData collection involved the compilation of results from canine serological allergen‐specific IgE ELISA tests, using a 23 allergen composite panel. The influence of breed, sex, age, geographical area and sampling season on IgE test outcomes subsequently was analysed.ResultsOf the 25,451 analysed samples, 75.6% exhibited significant serum IgE concentrations in response to at least one of the tested allergens, with 67.9% testing positive for mites and 39.8% for pollens. Breed, sex, age, geographical area and sampling season were identified as significant risk factors influencing sensitisation patterns.Conclusions and Clinical RelevanceThis study provides insights into the prevalence and risk factors associated with allergen sensitisation in dogs with suspected cAD. Understanding these factors is crucial for effective diagnosis and tailored management strategies in veterinary practice. The findings underscore the need for personalised approaches in addressing cAD, considering individual patient characteristics.
Total protein concentration and stability of Amb a 1 in glycerinated ragweed sublingual immunotherapy stored at room temperature and refrigerated cold temperature
Authors: Charbonneau Tyler , Lowder Levi , Mauldin Glenna , McKinney Brennan , Mount Rebecca , Schick Anthea 
Published: October 2024

AbstractBackgroundFew studies have investigated optimal storage conditions or expiration dates for sublingual immunotherapy (SLIT) formulations prepared from glycerinated allergen extracts.Hypothesis/ObjectivesThe objective of this study was to compare concentrations of short ragweed major allergen (Amb a 1) and total protein in SLIT formulations stored at two different temperatures. It was hypothesised that protein concentrations would show greater decline over time in a formulation stored at room temperature (RT) than in one stored under refrigeration.Materials and MethodsTwo SLIT samples containing equal volumes of 20,000 PNU Amb a 1 extract were prepared and stored at refrigerated cold (CT) (2–8°C) or RT (20–24°C) for 140 days. Changes in total protein and major allergen concentration and composition were measured by Bradford assay, two‐site enzyme‐linked immunosorbent assay and SDS–PAGE. Presence of Amb a 1 was confirmed with Western immunoblot. Data were analysed using an analysis of covariance, with p < 0.05 considered significant.ResultsSDS–PAGE showed compositional changes in a ~26–30 kDa protein band under RT and not CT storage. The Amb a 1 concentration of the RT SLIT sample declined significantly over time, compared to that of the CT SLIT sample (F(1,8) = 47.69, p < 0.0001). There was no significant difference in total protein concentration over time between groups (F(1,8) = 1.79, p = 0.22).Conclusions and Clinical RelevanceThese results demonstrate that storage of glycerinated SLIT formulations in refrigerated CT preserved the highest concentration of the specific allergen Amb a 1, suggesting that SLIT formulations containing short ragweed should be stored under refrigeration.
Comparing the effectiveness of peer‐led healthy aging interventions on depression and quality of life in community‐dwelling older adults: A systematic review and network meta‐analysis
Authors: Kim Jieun , Kim Sarang , Kim Urim , Yim Eunshil , Lee Insook , Hong Hyejung , Lee Dongok , Lee Kyounga 
Published: October 2024

AbstractBackgroundHealthy aging has become increasingly important owing to the rapidly growing population of older adults globally, and results from the complex interplay of multiple characteristics such as depression and quality of life. Several countries have included peer‐led interventions in their health policies to promote healthy aging. Given the growing evidence for these interventions, determining their comparative effectiveness is vital and warranted.AimThe aim of this study was to examine the relative effectiveness of peer‐led interventions on the depression and quality of life of community‐dwelling older adults.MethodsA systematic review and network meta‐analyses were performed. The meta‐analysis was performed using random‐effects models. Additionally, subgroup, meta‐regression, and frequentist network meta‐analyses were conducted. The protocol was registered with PROSPERO (CRD 42023492659).ResultsTwelve studies with depression outcomes and 11 studies with quality‐of‐life outcomes were included. The effect sizes for depression and quality of life were moderate and small, respectively. For depression, face‐to‐face interactions and intervention duration were moderating factors. For quality of life, intervention provider was a moderating factor. The combined peer–nurse intervention was shown to have a large effect on quality of life, whereas interventions provided by professionals other than nurses or provided only by peers had a small effect. A ranking analysis found that the most effective intervention for increasing quality of life was the simultaneous involvement of both healthcare professionals and peers. The provision of education and exercise interventions showed a higher ranking than goal setting in the leading group.Linking Evidence to ActionThe peer‐led interventions were sufficient for depression. The effectiveness for improving quality of life may increase when involving both peers and healthcare professionals, particularly nurses. Nursing and health policymakers could establish distinct strategies depending on whether the goal of peer‐led interventions is to improve quality of life or alleviate depression for older adults.
Effect of Blade Thickness on Hemodynamics and Hemolysis: A Case Study of Pediatric Centrifugal Blood Pumps
Authors: Abbasnezhad Navideh , Bakir Farid 
Published: October 2024

Abstract
Blood pumps, critical components in ventricular assist devices and extracorporeal membrane oxygenation systems, are primarily evaluated based on their ability to minimize blood damage through optimized design. Despite extensive research, the impact of impeller blade thickness and the proximity of rotating and stationary surfaces remains insufficiently explored. This study presents a comprehensive analysis, combining experimentally validated numerical simulations with an advanced Lagrangian approach, to compare the hemodynamic and hemolytic performance of three centrifugal pumps. These pumps share identical volutes but differ in impeller blade thickness. The selected operating point—a blood flow rate of 1 l/min and a pressure differential of 60 mm Hg—was chosen for its clinical relevance, particularly in pediatric applications. Computational fluid dynamics (CFD) simulations were employed to evaluate hemodynamic performance, while Lagrangian postprocessing was used to estimate the hemolysis index (HI) by tracing fluid particle trajectories. These analyses provided detailed insights into velocity, pressure, and shear stress (SS) distributions, with special attention given to critical regions near clearance gaps and solid boundaries. The results reveal a significant increase in hemolysis risk in these regions, especially as the size of opposing rotating and stationary surfaces increases. The pump with the thickest blades (pump 3) exhibited the poorest performance, with shear stress and hemolysis index negatively impacted by the increased blade thickness. Although specific to the pumps studied, these findings offer valuable guidance for the optimal design of blood pumps and suggest that the analytical approach could be applied to other sensitivity studies.
Topology Optimization of Compliant Grippers Based on Stress Constraints
Authors: Du Yunsong , Zhang Pengwei , Li Tiemin 
Published: October 2024

Abstract
This paper presents a topology optimization method of compliant grippers considering stress constraints. The proportional topology optimization (PTO) algorithm is applied to the design of compliant grippers, and it is improved by introducing weight factors into the objective function and adding stress conditions on the basis of constraints. In the current gradient modeling of topology optimization, the global maximum stress is measured by P-norm function, and its sensitivity analysis of stress constraints is derived by adjoint equations. It is worth noting that more rigorous gradient calculations are employed in stress problems and their computation brings an additional computational burden. By contrast, the non-gradient method using PTO algorithm allocates design variables to the element proportionally according to the values of stress. It can eliminate difficulties in the analytical derivation and calculation of gradient, and improve the calculation efficiency. Subsequently, performances of compliant grippers generated by these two methods are compared through finite element analysis. Finally, the optimized compliant gripper prototype is manufactured by three-dimensional (3D) printing using flexible thermoplastic urethane. Experimental results indicate that the non-gradient method is effective, and the optimized compliant gripper has excellent characteristics of low stress and high output performance.
Model for Local Cavitation Instabilities in Two-Bladed Turbopump Inducers
Authors: Yoon Youngkuk , Song Seung Jin 
Published: October 2024

Abstract
Various local cavitation instabilities in turbopump inducers (e.g., alternate blade cavitation, supersynchronous rotating cavitation) have been previously experimentally identified. However, a model that is capable of predicting such local instabilities is still lacking. Therefore, a new model, which models an N-bladed inducer as a system of N-coupled mass-spring-damper systems, is presented to predict postonset behavior of alternate blade cavitation instabilities. The model predicts that alternate blade cavitation will occur. As the flow coefficient is decreased, the model predicts that the magnitude of alternate blade cavitation first increases and then decreases and then finally vanishes. If the flow coefficient is further decreased beyond the range of alternate blade cavitation, a sudden increase in equilibrium incidence is predicted. All of these predictions agree with the previous experimental findings. Furthermore, simultaneous in-phase oscillations of the blade cavities are predicted during alternate blade cavitation. These in-phase oscillations of the cavities correspond to the surge mode oscillation, which had been previously mistakenly categorized as a global (system) instability. Finally, it is proposed that the aforementioned postonset behaviors of alternate blade cavitation are general in two-bladed inducers, as long as the change in incidence on the following blade has a local minimum when it is expressed as a function of leading blade's incidence.
Correlation for Maximum Heat Transfer Between Fluidized Bed and Its Wall and Application to Solar Power Plants
Authors: Shah Mirza M. 
Published: October 2024

Abstract
Heat transfer from and to fluidized beds is involved in many applications including chemical processes, power generation, solar collectors, etc. It is generally desired to operate in the range in which the heat transfer coefficient is maximum. Several good correlations have been developed for maximum heat transfer to objects immersed in fluidized beds. However, there is no correlation for maximum heat transfer between the fluidized bed and its enclosing wall. The present research was done to develop such a correlation. A correlation for maximum heat transfer to bed wall has been developed which is in satisfactory agreement with test data from published papers. The data include a wide variety of particles with diameters 70–900 µm, bed diameters 25–101 mm, particle density from 1800 to 3200 kg/m3, particle thermal conductivity 0.5–237 W/m/K, and bed temperature from 18 to 316 °C. A correlation for the optimum velocity was also developed based on the same data. The new heat transfer correlation was compared to published test data for fluidized beds made to flow into solar collector tubes by the application of pressure difference. A modification of it was developed which agrees well with available data.
MoS2/Ti Co-Deposited Coatings and Their Fretting Wear Properties at Elevated Temperatures
Authors: Liang Shenglin , Dai Qingwen , Huang Wei , Wang Xiaolei 
Published: October 2024

Abstract
Fretting wear refers to the damage phenomenon experienced by the mechanical components undergoing micro-amplitude relative slip at their contact region due to vibration. Titanium alloys find their extensive application in aerospace industry components such as splines and dovetail joints, where they experience fretting wear phenomenon. This research work investigates the effect of MoS2/Ti co-deposition coatings with varying Ti contents, deposited on the TC4 titanium alloy substrate using magnetron sputtering. Fretting wear tests were conducted at room temperature, 100 ℃, and 200 °C, using a specially designed fretting test fixture with a ball-on-flat contact configuration, mounted on a servo-hydraulic fatigue testing machine. The results indicated that the coating becomes denser with an increase in the Ti content. The coating exhibited the highest hardness and better anti-fretting wear performance at room temperature. However, the effect of Ti content on the fretting wear behaviors changed at elevated temperatures. At the highest Ti content coating, excessive oxide particles were found on the worn surface at elevated temperatures, inducing an abrasive effect and localized cracks. However, coatings with moderate Ti content (9.62 at%) effectively protected the substrate from significant wear at room temperature and maintained a low coefficient of friction at high temperatures without failure.
Long-Range Electrostatic Adhesive Contact Between an Elastic Half-Space and a Rigid Indenter With Power-Law Profile
Authors: Zhou Yunong 
Published: October 2024

Abstract
In this study, the electrostatic adhesive contact between a smooth indenter with a power-law geometry and an elastic half-space is studied using both a theoretical and numerical approach. Both the indenter and substrate are coated with an electrically insulating layer. The Maxwell stress and hard-wall constraint are applied to describe the interaction between the indenter and elastic counter face. By assuming electrostatic adhesion as a long-range interaction, we derived a theoretical relation between external load and contact radius. We show that the theoretical and numerical results are plausible when the Tabor parameter is small. However, when the Tabor parameter is large, the numerical results get closer to the Johnson–Kendall–Roberts (JKR) limit. The generalized Tabor parameter, which depends on the applied voltage and indenter shape, has been derived by following the technique of dimensional analysis.
Curve Smoothening for the Analysis of Fractal Dimensions of Blast-Cleaned Steel Surface Textures for Tribological and Adhesion Interfaces
Authors: Marquardt T. , Momber A. W. 
Published: October 2024

Abstract
Fractal dimensions are increasingly used for the characterization of surface textures for tribological and adhesion applications. The resolution of 2D profiles acquired from various measurement methods can be adjusted via curve smoothing. It is still unclear whether curve smoothing would notably affect the estimated fractal dimensions. In this communication, 2D profiles of 12 blast-cleaned surface settings were derived by means of a data manipulation software, including a curve smoothing procedure. The fractal dimensions were estimated, and design of experiments was applied to analyze the relationships. Factors included abrasive type, preparation grade, roughness, and curve smoothing. Analysis of variance indicated that the contribution of curve smoothing to the regression model was as low as 1.0%. Therefore, for blast-cleaned substrates, curve smoothing effects can be neglected with respect to the contributions of roughness and abrasive type, when estimating the fractal dimensions.