bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Clinical Effectiveness and Potential Survival Benefit of US-Guided High-Intensity Focused Ultrasound Therapy in Patients with Advanced-Stage Pancreatic Cancer
Authors: Marinova Milka , Huxold Hannah C. , Henseler Jana , Mücke Martin , Conrad Rupert , Rolke Roman , Ahmadzadehfar Hojjat , Rauch Maximilian , Fimmers Rolf , Luechters Guido , Cuhls Henning , Radbruch Lukas , Schild Hans H. , Strunk Holger 
Published: April 2018

Abstract
Purpose Pancreatic cancer (PaC) is a life-limiting tumor with a wide range of incapacitating symptoms such as cancer pain in more than 80 % of patients. This prospective interventional study addresses the clinical effectiveness of ultrasound-guided high-intensity focused ultrasound (HIFU) treatment for patients with advanced-stage PaC, including pain perception, tumor size and survival benefit.
Materials and Methods 50 patients with late-stage PaC underwent HIFU. Clinical assessment included evaluation of tumor volume by imaging and pain burden (pain severity, pain sensation, interference with daily activities) using the Brief Pain Inventory at baseline and follow-up. Median overall survival, progression-free survival and time to local progression were estimated using Kaplan-Meier analysis.
Results In 84 % of patients, significant early relief of cancer-induced abdominal pain was achieved by HIFU independent of metastatic status; it persisted during follow-up. Tumor volume reduction was 37.8 ± 18.1 % after 6 weeks and 57.9 ± 25.9 % after 6 months. 21 % of HIFU-treated patients had local tumor progression with a median time of 14.4 months from intervention. The median overall survival and progression-free survival were 16.2 and 16.9 months from diagnosis and 8.3 and 6.8 months from intervention.
Conclusion In patients with advanced pancreatic cancer and otherwise limited treatment options, HIFU resulted in significant early and long-lasting pain relief and tumor size reduction over time independent of metastatic status. Clinical data suggest an additional potential survival benefit.
Historischer Fall einer extraskelettalen synovialen Chondromatose im Halsbereich
Authors: Reichelt Angela , Jansen Dorothea 
Published: April 2018

ZusammenfassungDie primäre synoviale Chondromatose (SC) ist eine benigne, nodulär konfigurierte, kartilaginöse, von metaplastischen synovialen Zellen ausgehende Weichgewebsvermehrung. Der vorliegende historische Fall zeigt eine extraskelettale SC in der Nackenmuskulatur einer damals 58-jährigen Patientin. Das Röntgenbild zeigt eine umschriebene, makronoduläre Raumforderung im Weichgewebe des Nackens der Frau. Als Ursprung wird die synoviale Auskleidung der Bursa subligamentosa nuchalis vermutet. Die Läsion wurde chirurgisch entfernt und trat innerhalb der folgenden 35 Jahre nicht wieder auf.
Kortison bei Tumoren und Infektionen des Rückenmarks – Rationale, Indikation und klinische Ergebnisse
Authors: Zausinger Stefan 
Published: April 2018

ZusammenfassungGlukokortikoide sind regelmäßiger Bestandteil der Behandlung von Patienten mit Tumoren oder Infektionen des Rückenmarks; die Rationale dafür ist ihr postulierter inhibierender Effekt auf inflammatorische Prozesse und Ödembildung. Es besteht jedoch ein weitreichender Mangel an experimentellen und klinischen Studien, die auf eine vorwiegende oder alleinige Betroffenheit des spinalen intraduralen Raums und des Rückenmarks fokussieren; die meisten Studien existieren in Bereich der Effekte von Glukokortikoiden bei metastatisch bedingter Kompression des Myelons, wo ein Benefit der behandelten Patienten gezeigt werden konnte.Die folgenden Schlussfolgerungen können gemacht werden: 1) Nationale Behandlungsleitlinien und Metareviews in der Literatur unterstützen den Einsatz von Glukokortikoiden bei tumorösen und infektiösen Erkrankungen des Zentralen Nervensystems. 2) Die Evidenz für den Einsatz von Glukokortikoiden bei Patienten mit Tumoren oder Infektionen des Rückenmarks ist schwach mit Ausnahme der Indikation bei maligner Kompression des Rückenmarks. 3) Glukokortikoide werden überwiegend auf Basis der individuellen Toleranz der Patienten und der klinischen und bildgebenden Therapieffekte gegeben, wobei zumeist keine etablierten Empfehlungen hinsichtlich der Wahl des Wirkstoffs, dessen Therapieregime oder der Dauer der Behandlung existieren. Der am breitesten untersuchte und verwendete Wirkstoff ist Dexamethason. 4) Insbesondere die Langzeitbehandlung mit Glukokortikoiden birgt signifikante Risiken hinsichtlich schwerwiegender unerwünschter Wirkungen; eine regelmäßige Reevaluation von Indikation und Behandlungseffekten wird empfohlen, ebenso eine möglichst rasche Reduktion und Beendigung der Therapie mit Glukokortikoiden.
Fremdmaterialfreie vordere Kreuzbandersatzplastik mit Hamstring-Transplantat nach Felmet
Authors: Chmielnicki Marc , Siebert Wolfram , Prokop Axel 
Published: April 2018

ZusammenfassungDie vordere Kreuzbandruptur ist eine häufige Sportverletzung. Scherbelastungen können den Gelenkknorpel nachhaltig schädigen und zu einer frühzeitigen Arthrose führen. Die ligamentäre Stabilisierung des Kniegelenkes ist daher notwendig. Die arthroskopische vordere Kreuzbandersatzplastik ist heute ein Standardverfahren in der Kniechirurgie. Häufig erfolgt die Fixierung des Transplantates mit Implantaten wie z. B. Interferenzschrauben. Das fremdmaterialfreie Verfahren in der Technik nach Felmet erlaubt eine biologische, mechanisch stabile Fixierung der Hamstring-Transplantate.
Patterns of plant carbon, nitrogen, and phosphorus concentration in relation to productivity in China’s terrestrial ecosystems
Authors: Tang Zhiyao , Xu Wenting , Zhou Guoyi , Bai Yongfei , Li Jiaxiang , Tang Xuli , Chen Dima , Liu Qing , Ma Wenhong , Xiong Gaoming , He Honglin , He Nianpeng , Guo Yanpei , Guo Qiang , Zhu Jiangling , Han Wenxuan , Hu Huifeng , Fang Jingyun , Xie Zongqiang 
Published: April 2018

SignificanceEstimates of nutrient allocation in different plant tissues and the relationships between the nutrient contents and photosynthetic capacity are critical to predicting ecosystem carbon sequestration under global change. Here, we provide an assessment of large-scale patterns of community-level nitrogen and phosphorus concentrations in different plant tissues and then examine how nutrient allocations are coupled with plant productivity. The results show that nutrient concentrations in leaves are less responsive to abiotic environments than those in woody stems and roots (stable leaf nutrient concentration hypothesis); the relationships between vegetation primary productivity and leaf nutrient contents are stronger when less nutrients are allocated to the woody tissues (productivity–nutrient allocation hypothesis) and are stronger in deciduous than in evergreen vegetation (productivity–leaf lifespan hypothesis).
Worldwide distribution of theDCDC2READ1 regulatory element and its relationship with phoneme variation across languages
Authors: DeMille Mellissa M. C. , Tang Kevin , Mehta Chintan M. , Geissler Christopher , Malins Jeffrey G. , Powers Natalie R. , Bowen Beatrice M. , Adams Andrew K. , Truong Dongnhu T. , Frijters Jan C. , Gruen Jeffrey R. 
Published: April 2018

SignificanceLanguages evolve rapidly due to an interaction between sociocultural factors and underlying phonological processes that are influenced by genetic factors.DCDC2has been strongly associated with core components of the phonological processing system in animal models and multiple independent studies of populations and languages. To characterize subtle language differences arising from genetic variants associated with phonological processes, we examined the relationship between READ1, a regulatory element inDCDC2, and phonemes in languages of 43 populations across five continents. Variation in READ1 was significantly correlated with the number of consonants. Our results suggest that subtle cognitive biases conferred by different READ1 alleles are amplified through cultural transmission that shape consonant use by populations over time.
Urbanization prolongs hantavirus epidemics in cities
Authors: Tian Huaiyu , Hu Shixiong , Cazelles Bernard , Chowell Gerardo , Gao Lidong , Laine Marko , Li Yapin , Yang Huisuo , Li Yidan , Yang Qiqi , Tong Xin , Huang Ru , Bjornstad Ottar N. , Xiao Hong , Stenseth Nils Chr. 
Published: April 2018

SignificanceUrbanization reduces exposure risk to many wildlife parasites and in general, improves overall health. However, our study importantly shows the complicated relationship between the diffusion of zoonotic pathogens and urbanization. Here, we reveal an unexpected relationship between hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome incidence caused by a severe rodent-borne zoonotic pathogen worldwide and the process of urbanization in developing China. Our findings show that the number of urban immigrants is highly correlated with human incidence over time and also explain how the endemic turning points are associated with economic growth during the urbanization process. Our study shows that urbanizing regions of the developing world should focus their attention on zoonotic diseases.
Global peatland initiation driven by regionally asynchronous warming
Authors: Morris Paul J. , Swindles Graeme T. , Valdes Paul J. , Ivanovic Ruza F. , Gregoire Lauren J. , Smith Mark W. , Tarasov Lev , Haywood Alan M. , Bacon Karen L. 
Published: April 2018

Significance
Peatlands are organic-rich wetlands that have acted as globally important carbon sinks since the Last Glacial Maximum. However, the drivers of peat initiation are poorly understood. Using a catalog of radiocarbon dates combined with simulations of past climates, we demonstrate that peat initiation in the deglaciated landscapes of North America, northern Europe, and Patagonia was driven primarily by warming growing seasons rather than by any increase in effective precipitation. In Western Siberia, which was not glaciated, climatic wetting was required to convert existing ecosystems into peatlands. Our findings explain the genesis of one of the world’s most important ecosystem types and its potentially fragile, distributed carbon store, with implications for understanding potential changes in peatland distribution in response to future warming.
Discovery of recombinases enables genome mining of cryptic biosynthetic gene clusters in Burkholderiales species
Authors: Wang Xue , Zhou Haibo , Chen Hanna , Jing Xiaoshu , Zheng Wentao , Li Ruijuan , Sun Tao , Liu Jiaqi , Fu Jun , Huo Liujie , Li Yue-zhong , Shen Yuemao , Ding Xiaoming , Müller Rolf , Bian Xiaoying , Zhang Youming 
Published: April 2018

Significance
Natural products biosynthesized by cryptic gene clusters represent a largely untapped source for drug discovery. However, mining of these products by promoter engineering is restricted by the lack of streamlined genetic tools, especially in nonmodel biosynthetic gene cluster (BGC)-rich bacteria. Here, we describe the discovery of a pair of bacteriophage recombinases and application of recombinase-assisted promoter engineering to rapidly identify and activate several cryptic biosynthetic gene clusters in two Burkholderiales strains that currently lack effective genetic tools. Construction of an efficient genome engineering platform in a natural product producer expedites mining of cryptic BGCs in their native backgrounds, and host melioration for yield or structure optimization. This strategy enables potentially scalable discovery of novel metabolites with intriguing bioactivities from many other bacteria.
Dynamic activation and regulation of the mitogen-activated protein kinase p38
Authors: Kumar Ganesan Senthil , Clarkson Michael W. , Kunze Micha B. A. , Granata Daniele , Wand A. Joshua , Lindorff-Larsen Kresten , Page Rebecca , Peti Wolfgang 
Published: April 2018

Significance
The physical basis for the regulation of protein MAP kinases is key to understanding their role in cellular signaling in human biology and disease. However, the biochemical events that lead to MAPK activation are not well understood. Here, using biomolecular NMR dynamics measurements, we show that kinase activation is not due simply to phosphorylation of the activation loop. Rather, we show that phosphorylation and substrate binding cause the dynamics of p38 to change from a state in which they are uncoordinated to one that is uniform across the entire molecule. That is, synchronized dynamics coordinates enzyme activity, which leads to a shift in the energy landscape and ultimately drives enzyme function. This makes essential elements of allostery and activation dynamically accessible.
Shewanella oneidensisas a living electrode for controlled radical polymerization
Authors: Fan Gang , Dundas Christopher M. , Graham Austin J. , Lynd Nathaniel A. , Keitz Benjamin K. 
Published: April 2018

SignificanceMetabolic engineering benefits from the tunable and tightly controlled transformations afforded by biological systems. However, these reactions have generally been limited to naturally occurring pathways and products. In this work, we coopt metabolic electron transfer fromShewanella oneidensisto control the activity of an exogenous metal catalyst in an abiotic reaction scheme: atom-transfer radical polymerization. In the presence ofS. oneidensis, polymerizations exhibited well-defined kinetics and yielded polymers with controlled molecular weights and low polydispersities. Additionally, polymerization activity was dependent on electroactive metabolism and specific electron transport proteins, both of which provide handles to control material synthesis. This work serves as a proof-of-principle toward expanding the scope of reactions available to metabolic engineers to include previously discovered transition-metal–catalyzed reactions.
Thermally stable, highly efficient, ultraflexible organic photovoltaics
Authors: Xu Xiaomin , Fukuda Kenjiro , Karki Akchheta , Park Sungjun , Kimura Hiroki , Jinno Hiroaki , Watanabe Nobuhiro , Yamamoto Shuhei , Shimomura Satoru , Kitazawa Daisuke , Yokota Tomoyuki , Umezu Shinjiro , Nguyen Thuc-Quyen , Someya Takao 
Published: April 2018

Significance
We have developed an ultraflexible organic photovoltaic (OPV) that achieves sufficient thermal stability of up to 120 °C and a high power conversion efficiency of 10% with a total thickness of 3 μm. By combining an inherently stable donor:acceptor blend as the active layer and ultrathin substrate and barriers with excellent thermal capability, we were able to overcome the trade-offs between efficiency, stability, and device thickness. The ultraflexible and thermally stable OPV can be easily integrated into textiles through the commercially available hot-melt process without causing performance degradation, thereby presenting great potential as a ubiquitous and wearable power source in daily life.
Deep learning improves prediction of drug–drug and drug–food interactions
Authors: Ryu Jae Yong , Kim Hyun Uk , Lee Sang Yup 
Published: April 2018

Significance
Drug interactions, including drug–drug interactions (DDIs) and drug–food constituent interactions, can trigger unexpected pharmacological effects such as adverse drug events (ADEs). Several existing methods predict drug interactions, but require detailed, but often unavailable drug information as inputs, such as drug targets. To this end, we present a computational framework DeepDDI that accurately predicts DDI types for given drug pairs and drug–food constituent pairs using only name and structural information as inputs. We show four applications of DeepDDI to better understand drug interactions, including prediction of DDI mechanisms causing ADEs, suggestion of alternative drug members for the intended pharmacological effects without negative health effects, prediction of the effects of food constituents on interacting drugs, and prediction of bioactivities of food constituents.
CCQM K6.2 determination of total cholesterol in human serum
Authors: Wise Stephen A , Phinney Karen W , Duewer David L , Sniegoski Lorna T , Welch Michael J , Pabello Guiomar , Caldero Marco A Avila , Qinde Liu , Kooi Lee Tong , Rego Eliane , Garrido Bruno , Allegri Gabriella , Cruz Marcia de La , Barrabin Juliana , Puglisi Celia , Lopez Eduardo , Lee Hwashim , Kim Byungjoo , Delatour Vincent , Heuillet Maud , Nammoonnoy Jintana , Gören Ahmet Ceyhan , Bilsel Gokhan , Konopelko L , Krylov A , Lopushanskaya E 
Published: April 2018

Cholesterol is one of the most frequently measured substances in human blood/serum to assist in assessing the health status of individuals. Because of its clinical significance, CCQM-K6 determination of cholesterol in serum was completed in 2000 as one of the first key comparison (KC) studies performed within the Organic Analysis Working Group (OAWG). The first subsequent KC for cholesterol, CCQM-K6.1, was completed in 2001. Measurements for this second subsequent, CCQM-K6.2, were completed in 2012. These subsequent comparisons were conducted to enable CCQM members that had not participated in earlier studies to demonstrate their capabilities to measure a nonpolar (pKow < −2), low molecular mass (100 g/mol to 500 g/mol) metabolite in human serum at relatively high concentrations (1 mg/g to 3 mg/g) found in normal populations. Successful participation in CCQM-K6.2 demonstrated capabilities in analysis of complex biological matrices including sample preparation (extraction, derivatization), LC or GC separation, and quantification using an isotope dilution mass spectrometry approach.
Normally in a subsequent KC, no key comparison reference value (KCRV) would be established and assessment of performance would be via the deviation of participants' results to the anchor institute's results, adjusted to account for the anchor's performance in the original comparison versus its KCRV. Due to the very long-time period since the original key comparison, the OAWG decided that this did not represent the best approach to assess performance in what is a relatively complex measurement. Given the excellent agreement between the anchor institute's results and robust consensus summary of the participants' values, the reference value for this study was taken as the anchor institute's result and treated as a 'KCRV'. Seven of the nine participants demonstrated agreement with the reference value.

Main text

To reach the main text of this paper, click on Final Report. Note that this text is that which appears in Appendix B of the BIPM key comparison database kcdb.bipm.org/.
The final report has been peer-reviewed and approved for publication by the CCQM, according to the provisions of the CIPM Mutual Recognition Arrangement (CIPM MRA).
Long-term variation in numbers and biomass of silver eels being produced in two European river systems
Authors: Poole W Russell , Diserud Ola H , Thorstad Eva B , Durif Caroline M , Dolan Conor , Sandlund Odd Terje , Bergesen Knut , Rogan Gerard , Kelly Sean , Vøllestad Leif Asbjørn 
Published: April 2018

Abstract
The European eel (Anguilla anguilla) population has been in decline at least since the 1960s and reliable regional information, particularly on the spawner production and escapement (i.e. the silver eel life stage), is a requirement of the EU stock recovery regulation. Two comparable time series exist in Burrishoole (Ireland) and Imsa (Norway), with monitoring of total silver eel production since the early 1970s. Numbers of emigrating silver eels fell significantly (p &lt; 0.0001) in the 1980s (breakpoints: Burrishoole 1982; Imsa 1988), in both catchments from &gt;4000 eels per annum to ∼2000 eels per annum. The proportion of male eels dropped and the average size of female eels increased. Biomass of silver eels escaping has remained similar in Burrishoole (1.1/1.2 kg/ha), but not in Imsa (2.1/0.9 kg/ha) between the early period and the 2000s. Factors that govern the onset of eel maturation (silvering) and the annual production of silver eels are little understood. In this paper, the influence of time-lagged environmental variables on silver eel production is examined. Annual variation in the time series was partly (r2 Burrishoole = 0.43, Imsa = 0.46) explained by variation in water temperature and water level. Annual number of migrating eels in both catchments was positively related to summer temperature and summer water flow, negatively related to summer temperatures in the previous year, and in the Burrishoole, also negatively related to high water levels in September/October. The models did not transfer well between catchments, indicating likely catchment specific environmental factors impacting on eel production. The reduction in eel numbers observed in both catchments, accompanied by the change in sex ratio and mean weight of females that contribute to maintain biomass production, calls into question the advisability of basing a spawner escapement recovery target on biomass alone, while numbers and proportions of males decline.
From magnets to bears: is a career studying salmon narrow or broad?†
Authors: Quinn Thomas P 
Published: April 2018

Abstract
There are three main themes in this self-reflective essay, and I hope they are thought-provoking without being pretentious. The first is the topic of scientific specialization. How do we steer a course between being a dilettante on one hand, dabbling in everything without making major contributions in any field, and on the other hand being a specialist who digs deeply but too narrowly? The second theme is the concept of specialization with respect to place, and the study of natural history. It can be incredibly rewarding, both personally and professionally, to develop a rich ecological understanding of a particular place such as a field station. However, this requires a great commitment of time, and it reduces mobility and experience elsewhere. The third theme is the importance of mentoring and the transfer of encouragement and opportunity from one cohort to the next. I will address these three themes in this order but they are closely linked to each other, making the separation somewhat artificial.