bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Earlier Phases of Bone Scintigraphy Can Better Delineate the Extent of Soft Tissue Involvement of Bone Metastasis
Authors: Çayir Derya , Bozkurt Mehmet , Gültekin Salih Sinan , Karaçalioğlu Alper Özgür 
Published: September 2018

Abstract
Three-phase bone scintigraphy is sometimes of great value in the detection of uncharacteristic metastases and assists the management of patients in terms of primary focus detection. While evaluating the skeletal system with whole-body bone scintigraphy, other system pathologies may also be detected incidentally. In this case, we present the extraordinary findings on the 3-phase MDP bone scintigraphy and 18F-FDG PET/CT imaging of the complicated bone metastases in a patient with thyroid carcinoma.
Laparoscopic Partial Splenectomy: A Safe and Feasible Treatment for Splenic Benign Lesions
Authors: Chen Junqiang , Yu Shian , Xu Longtang 
Published: September 2018

Purpose:
The purpose of this study was to explore the safety and feasibility of laparoscopic partial splenectomy in treating splenic benign lesions (SBL).

Materials and Methods:
A total of 16 SBL patients clearly diagnosed before surgery (8 cases of splenic cysts, 5 cases of splenic lymphangioma, and 3 cases of splenic hemangioma) underwent 2D or 3D laparoscopic partial splenectomy from October 2013 to August 2016. The diameters of the SBL were 5 to 17 cm with an average of 8.7 cm; 12 cases were located in the upper pole of the spleen, and 4 cases were located in the lower pole of the spleen.

Results:
All 16 patients successfully completed laparoscopic partial splenectomy, and no patients required conversion to an open operation. There were 3 cases of resection using the 3D laparoscope. There were 14 cases of resection of half of the spleen and 2 cases of partial resection of the lower spleen. The operation time was 110 to 195 minutes with an average time of 157 minutes. The amount of intraoperative blood loss was 80 to 200 mL, and no patients required blood transfusion. The postoperative abdominal drainage time was 3 to 5 days, and no abdominal bleeding, pancreatic leakage, subphrenic infection, or other complications occurred; the postoperative hospital stay lasted 5 to 6 days.

Conclusions:
Laparoscopic partial splenectomy is safe and feasible for the treatment of splenic benign lesions.
Comparison of the Physiological Effect of Billroth-I and Roux-en-Y Reconstruction Following Laparoscopic Distal Gastrectomy
Authors: Toyomasu Yoshitaka , Ogata Kyoichi , Suzuki Masaki , Yanoma Toru , Kimura Akiharu , Kogure Norimichi , Ohno Tetsuro , Kamiyama Yoichi , Mochiki Erito , Kuwano Hiroyuki 
Published: September 2018

Background:
Laparoscopic distal gastrectomy (LDG) is a widely used minimally invasive surgery. Following LDG, Billroth-I (B-I) provides physiological reconstruction by preserving the duodenal passage but results in a high incidence of reflux esophagitis that decreases postoperative quality of life. Because of this, Roux-en-Y (R-Y) reconstruction is often considered the first choice after LDG. However, very few studies have investigated differences in physiological function between B-I and R-Y after LDG. We hypothesized that B-I would outperform R-Y in clinical and physiological outcomes, including nutrition parameters.

Methods:
We compared hemoglobin, ferritin, serum iron, Vitamin B12, 25(OH)-Vitamin D (V-D), body weight, and gastric emptying after LDG in patients with either B-I or R-Y reconstruction.

Results:
The levels of hemoglobin in the B-I group were significantly higher than that in the R-Y group at all time points later than 6 months postsurgery. The ferritin levels were significantly higher in the B-I group at all time points later than 9 months postsurgery. The concentration of serum V-D in the B-I group was significantly higher than that in the R-Y group at 1 year 6 months, 1 year 9 months, and 2 years after surgery. Gastric emptying in the R-Y group was significantly slower than in the B-I group.

Conclusions:
Our data indicate that B-I leads to less postsurgical iron deficiency anemia and V-D deficiency compared with R-Y reconstruction. Furthermore, gastric emptying was preserved in B-I reconstruction compared with R-Y reconstruction. In conclusion, after LDG, B-I reconstruction seems to cause fewer nutritional complications than R-Y reconstruction.
Fournier's gangrene: not as lethal as previously thought? A case series
Authors: Heijkoop Bridget , Parker Natalie , Spernat Daniel 
Published: September 2018

BackgroundFournier's gangrene (FG) is a necrotizing fasciitis involving the perineum, external genitalia or perianal area. A rare condition with a historically high mortality rate (20–40%), our objective was to provide an up to date mortality rate for patients treated with multimodal therapy in a tertiary referral centre.MethodsA retrospective review of a prospective database of FG patients treated at our tertiary referral centre was conducted. The primary end point was survival. Secondary end points included total hospital and intensive care unit (ICU) length of stay (LOS), number and type of procedures as well as considering co‐morbidities at presentation as potential predisposing factor. Results were compared to those in current literature.ResultsBetween 2012 and 2017, 15 patients were diagnosed with FG at our tertiary referral centre. One was excluded as decision to palliate was made at presentation. Of the remaining 14 patients, 13 survived representing a mortality rate of 7%. In surviving patients, total LOS was between 10 and 71 days, with a mean LOS of 36 days and median LOS of 34 days. Eight required ICU with ICU LOS between 1 and 42 days, with a mean of 10 and median of 4. Number of debridement procedures ranged from 3 to 17 with a mean and median of 6. Six patients required adjunctive procedures and 10 required reconstructive procedures.ConclusionWhile a prolonged admission and multiple operations are expected, early diagnosis and aggressive multimodal treatment may result in a significantly better survival outcome than those quoted in previous literature.
Inpatient rehabilitation did not positively affect 6‐month patient‐reported outcomes after hip or knee arthroplasty
Authors: Hutchinson Adam G. , Gooden Benjamin , Lyons Matthew C. , Roe Justin P. , O'Sullivan Michael D. , Salmon Lucy J. , Martina Kaka , Pinczewski Leo A. 
Published: September 2018

BackgroundThe aim of this study was to compare patient‐reported outcomes 6 months after hip or knee arthroplasty in subjects who were discharged to home compared to those who attended inpatient rehabilitation.MethodsSeven hundred and forty‐eight consecutive total hip or knee replacement patients were identified from a prospective database. Preoperative and 6‐month post‐operative patient‐reported outcome measures were recorded. Forty‐four patients discharged directly to home were cohort matched by age, gender, procedure and surgeon to 44 patients from the cohort who received inpatient care. Patient outcomes were compared using SPSS version 24 software.ResultsBoth cohorts saw significant improvements from baseline at 6 months. Median length of rehabilitation for the inpatient group was 7 days (4–16 days). There was no significant difference between the groups based on patient‐reported outcomes. There was a clinically significant difference (P = 0.047) in the body mass index of the Home Group (mean = 27) to Rehab Group (mean = 29).ConclusionOur study has shown that inpatient rehabilitation after hip or knee arthroplasty did not positively affect 6‐month patient‐reported satisfaction, expectation, pain, quality of life, activities of daily living scores, when compared with subjects who were discharged direct to home. A significant average saving of $5600 per patient with the use of home discharge is a promising avenue for health cost reduction, and health resource distribution.
Numerical Analysis of an Instrumented Turbine Blade Cascade
Authors: Ubald Bryn N. , Cui Jiahuan , Watson Rob , Tucker Paul G. , Shahpar Shahrokh 
Published: September 2018

The measurement accuracy of the temperature/pressure probe mounted at the leading edge of a turbine/compressor blade is crucial for estimating the fuel consumption of a turbo-fan engine. Apart from the measurement error itself, the probe also introduces extra losses. This again would compromise the measurement accuracy of the overall engine efficiency. This paper utilizes high-fidelity numerical analysis to understand the complex flow around the probe and quantify the loss sources due to the interaction between the blade and its instrumentation.
With the inclusion of leading edge probes, three dimensional flow phenomena develop, with some flow features acting in a similar manner to a jet in cross flow. The separated flow formed at the leading edge of the probe blocks a large area of the probe bleed-hole, which is one of the reasons why the probe accuracy can be sensitive to Mach and Reynolds numbers. The addition of 4% free stream turbulence is shown to have a marginal impact on the jet trajectory originated from the probe bleedhole. However, a slight reduction is observed in the size of the separation bubble formed at the leading edge of the probe, preceding the two bleedhole exits. The free stream turbulence also has a significant impact on the size of the separation bubble near the trailing edge of the blade. With the addition of the free stream turbulence, the loss observed within the trailing edge wake is reduced. More than 50% of the losses at the cascade exit are generated by the leading edge probe. A breakdown of the dissipation terms from the mean flow kinetic energy equation demonstrates that the Reynolds stresses are the key terms in dissipating the counter rotating vortex pairs with the viscous stresses responsible for the boundary layer.
ER-phagy at a glance
Authors: Grumati Paolo , Dikic Ivan , Stolz Alexandra 
Published: September 2018

ABSTRACT
Selective autophagy represents the major quality control mechanism that ensures proper turnover of exhausted or harmful organelles, among them the endoplasmic reticulum (ER), which is fragmented and delivered to the lysosome for degradation via a specific type of autophagy called ER-phagy. The recent discovery of ER-resident proteins that bind to mammalian Atg8 proteins has revealed that the selective elimination of ER involves different receptors that are specific for different ER subdomains or ER stresses. FAM134B (also known as RETREG1) and RTN3 are reticulon-type proteins that are able to remodel the ER network and ensure the basal membrane turnover. SEC62 and CCPG1 are transmembrane ER receptors that function in response to ER stress signals. This task sharing reflects the complexity of the ER in terms of biological functions and morphology. In this Cell Science at a Glance article and the accompanying poster, we summarize the most recent findings about ER-phagy in yeast and in mammalian cells.
Stereoisomerism Accompanied with Bond Rotations. Characterization of Propane Derivatives by Correlation Diagrams of Epimeric Stereoisograms
Authors: Fujita Shinsaku 
Published: September 2018

Abstract
The stereoisomerism of propane derivatives with bond rotations is investigated by means of correlation diagrams of stereoisograms, where the diagrams are governed by epimeric RS-stereoisomeric groups formulated as subgroups of stereoisomeric groups. A molecular-symmetry group GCσ for specifying the eight positions of a propane skeleton is obtained as a wreath product with chirality fittingness (C2v[C3v, C∞v]), where bond rotations are taken into consideration. The group GCσ of order 36 is extended to give the corresponding RS-stereoisomeric group $\boldsymbol{{G}}_{\boldsymbol{{C}}\boldsymbol{{\sigma}}\tilde{\boldsymbol{{\sigma}}}\skew2\hat{\boldsymbol{{I}}}}$ of order 72, which characterizes the global symmetry of the propane skeleton. Then the group $\boldsymbol{{G}}_{\boldsymbol{{C}}\boldsymbol{{\sigma}}\tilde{\boldsymbol{{\sigma}}}\skew2\hat{\boldsymbol{{I}}}}$ is further extended to give a stereoisomeric group H of order 288 for treating chiral and achiral proligands (or $\ddot{\boldsymbol{{H}}}$ of order 144 for treating achiral proligands only) by considering epimerizations at the three RS-stereogenic carbon centers (for Ci, i = 1,2,3). The groups H or $\ddot{\boldsymbol{{H}}}$ are useful to investigate thestereoisomerism of propane derivatives. An epimeric RS-stereoisomeric group $\boldsymbol{{G}}_{\boldsymbol{{C\boldsymbol{{\sigma}}} }}^{\tilde{{\boldsymbol{{\sigma}}}}_{\boldsymbol{{i}}}}$ (or $\ddot{\boldsymbol{{G}}}_{\boldsymbol{{C\boldsymbol{{\sigma}}} }}^{\tilde{{\boldsymbol{{\sigma}}}}_{\boldsymbol{{i}}}}$) is selected as a subgroup of H (or $\ddot{\boldsymbol{{H}}}$) in order to show the local RS-stereogenicity at a given RS-stereogenic center (Ci), where the element $\tilde{\sigma }_{i}$ represents an epimerization at the Ci atom. Such an epimeric RS-stereoisomeric group $\boldsymbol{{G}}_{\boldsymbol{{C\boldsymbol{{\sigma}}} }}^{\tilde{{\boldsymbol{{\sigma}}}}_{\boldsymbol{{i}}}}$ (or $\ddot{\boldsymbol{{G}}}_{\boldsymbol{{C\boldsymbol{{\sigma}}} }}^{\tilde{{\boldsymbol{{\sigma}}}}_{\boldsymbol{{i}}}}$) corresponds to a correlation diagram of stereoisograms for showing RS-stereoisomeric relationships at the Ci atom, i.e., enantiomeric, RS-diastereomeric, and holantimeric relationships. Two RS-diastereomers of each pair are pairwise specified by a pair of RS-stereodescriptors of the CIP system.
The attitudes of mainland Chinese secondary students towards democracy and equality: Being a young citizen in twenty-first-century China
Authors: Cheung Chris Hin Wah , Chong Eric King Man , Kennedy Kerry J. , Chow Philip Chin Fung 
Published: September 2018

Abstract
The purpose of this article is to explore mainland Chinese students’ attitudes towards democracy and equality and the influence of Chinese national identity on their attitudes towards democracy. The development of Chinese students’ political values is an important topic to the academic community and world because of the rise of China. Although democracy is a universal value and widely promoted, it is a sensitive topic in an authoritarian regime such as China. As more is learnt about the internal workings of the country, especially in relation to citizenship education, the clearer it is that Western constructs alone do not always help in understanding the attitudes of Chinese citizens. Recent work has shown that traditional values characteristic of Asian societies can help to shed light on attitudes to democracy. Research has also has shown that young people in mainland China are very aware of the constraints of their civic environment and they shape their attitudes accordingly. Despite a constrained environment, there is little doubt that young people in Mainland China have very strong views about their country and their citizenship. By adopting mixed methods research, this article explores Chinese secondary school students’ attitudes towards democracy and equality and how their national attitudes affect their attitudes towards democracy. The results indicated that Chinese students were supportive of aspects of democracy and they had a healthy attitude to equality even though they live in contexts quite different from Western-type democratic societies. These findings not only help to develop a better understanding of China itself but also provide insights into the attitudes of students living in an authoritarian regime. It also provide for further comparisons between Eastern and Western societies and democratic and authoritarian regimes.
Religiosity and citizenship values in Chinese language textbooks
Authors: Zhao Zhenzhou , Fairbrother Gregory P. 
Published: September 2018

Abstract
Recent years have seen an increase in the number of studies of the impact of religious faiths on citizens’ values in several Chinese societies, but little is known about the position and role schooling has had in relation to the rise of religious activity, especially in Mainland China. Drawing on data from Chinese language textbooks at both the primary and secondary level, this study examines the intersection of religiosities and state-prescribed values in the national curriculum in the People’s Republic of China (PRC). The wide coverage of different themes related to social life in the Chinese language curriculum may present different understandings of religiosities than the Marxist interpretation of religious phenomenon in other social studies subjects in China. This study’s research findings suggest that representations of religious traditions are integral to depictions of the Chinese nation, including interpretations of the nation’s cultural traditions, architecture, history and literature. Moreover, the religious narratives identified in the textbooks tend to be more associated with the transmission of positive values, for example dedication, love, caring for nature, and a respect for diversity.
A journey through modern foundations: Re-imagining modernity in the work of Photolanguage
Authors: Wilson Robin 
Published: September 2018

Abstract
This article reflects on the use of arts-based research methods to engage with a regional history of modern architecture and urbanism. Moving between archival sources and the remaining physical sites in East Sussex, the art practice Photolanguage documented and reimagined the modernist legacy in this region of southern England. Through photography, the gathering of found objects and notation, we construct ‘new’ narratives of place, working across, or in between the official, or dominant, narratives of local history. This reflection back on the production of work for the exhibition East Sussex Modern (2016) focuses on our adoption of the modern ‘sunken garden’ as a recurrent, topographic theme and our exploration and projective appropriation of found ruins as alternative examples of this official, municipal typology of public space.
Towards a taxonometric architecture: D-con: an
Authors: Cantley Bryan 
Published: September 2018

Abstract
It might be said that a draw-er acts upon a surface by impregnating its membrane, to create a drawing. How then might a drawing perform or draw upon itself, or how might the draw-ing and the draw-er become simpatico? The Act of Drawing within the architectural context promotes several typologies of classifications and methodologies. Three classic conditions of writing notation are used to flesh out a new drawing typology – denotation, connotation and annotation. Denotation, or description of the object, refers to the designation or rendering of an architectural object or condition – it is the physical. Connotation, or the imaginative association, refers to the ‘readings’ associated with its interpretation(s). Annotation, or physical residue, refers to the act of recording new corporeal data based on the collision and overlap of the denotation and the connotation. These systems engender the Taxonometric Drawing© – an entity that complexly annotates itself as part of its presentation. It is a system of instruction and construction that denotes, connotes and annotates simultaneously. It is a drawing system that functions both as an author and as simultaneous reader. Metonymic and Antonymic references play conditions of drawing interiority and exteriority off each other to create a potential contradiction in the drawing’s evolution as both a recorded entity and a syphon of (other) input. The hypothesis suggests the introduction of the concept of the SwarmDraw, a perpetual user-configured VR drawing-world. It is a prime example of the nature of the possibilities of a Taxonometric Architecture – a condition of expressed self-classification, self-impregnation and self-construction.
The Calais Winds took our plans away: Art therapy as shelter
Authors: Lloyd Bobby , Press Naomi , Usiskin Miriam 
Published: September 2018

Abstract
This article examines the role of construction materials, story and group as alternative forms of shelter and crisis relief for refugees in transit in Calais, northern France. It draws on examples from an ongoing art therapy project delivered by Art Refuge UK since Autumn 2015, first in the large makeshift refugee camp known as ‘The Jungle’ and since in various settings in and around Calais, including a day centre for unaccompanied refugees.
Displacement, art and shelter: Art therapy in a temporary refugee camp
Authors: Kalmanowitz Debra 
Published: September 2018

Abstract
This article looks at art therapy in a refugee camp in Northern Greece. Although the work in Greece is ongoing, the example represented here took place in May 2016. The notions of do no harm, psychological first aid (PFA) and Portable Studio are explored as ideas pertinent to the context of acute crisis, displacement and distress where art therapy is seen as providing a shelter.
Towards an archaeology of gesture in Kurt Schwitters’ ‘Pointless’ collage (or how I ‘learned’ about Schwitters’ work through painting leftovers)
Authors: Ross Heather 
Published: September 2018

Abstract
This article will discuss how an analysis of the readable gestures within the work of Kurt Schwitters (1887–1948) can provide a new way of experiencing his artwork in the present. Specifically addressing two artworks by Schwitters, Merzoil (1939) and Untitled (with Porcelain Shard) (1946), the article will use theoretical and art-practice-based methods to analyse the ‘stain’, to provide new insights into his working processes, relationship to materials and site. This research is aimed towards a better understanding of Kurt Schwitters’ final ‘Merzbau’ the Merz Barn Wall (1947) situated within the Hatton Gallery, Newcastle.
‘Linguartistics’
Authors: Minden Laure Van 
Published: September 2018

Abstract
An attempt to define my artistic practice would be fine art calligraphy or lettering art. Drawing with words or writing drawings has become a way of explaining my research. In fact, text IS my practice and the dialogue between text and image is very real: the text is image and the image is created out of text. One does not exist without the other: they form an entity that develops a connection with myself and ultimately the viewer. Art as Text as Art is the venture of ‘linguartistics’.
How do non-places affect our identities?
Authors: Modi Jaya 
Published: September 2018

Abstract
Non–Places: Introduction to an Anthropology of Supermodernity (1995) introduces readers to a curious notion of spatiality, wherein Marc Augé describes non-places – spaces where interactions, existences and experiences are regarded as temporary and unreal. This article aims to interrogate the subtleties and loci of such non-places to better understand how they affect or alter the identities of people submerged within them. In considering the notion of non-place, this article establishes boundaries between simulated spaces and non-places, and further discusses the possibilities within such places offered by psychogeographic mapping and geosemiotics.