bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Global reconstruction of historical ocean heat storage and transport
Authors: Zanna Laure , Khatiwala Samar , Gregory Jonathan M. , Ison Jonathan , Heimbach Patrick 
Published: January 2019

SignificanceSince the 19th century, rising greenhouse gas concentrations have caused the ocean to absorb most of the Earth’s excess heat and warm up. Before the 1990s, most ocean temperature measurements were above 700 m and therefore, insufficient for an accurate global estimate of ocean warming. We present a method to reconstruct ocean temperature changes with global, full-depth ocean coverage, revealing warming of 436×1021J since 1871. Our reconstruction, which agrees with other estimates for the well-observed period, demonstrates that the ocean absorbed as much heat during 1921–1946 as during 1990–2015. Since the 1950s, up to one-half of excess heat in the Atlantic Ocean at midlatitudes has come from other regions via circulation-related changes in heat transport.
Risk-taking bias in human decision-making is encoded via a right–left brain push–pull system
Authors: Sacré Pierre , Kerr Matthew S. D. , Subramanian Sandya , Fitzgerald Zachary , Kahn Kevin , Johnson Matthew A. , Niebur Ernst , Eden Uri T. , González-Martínez Jorge A. , Gale John T. , Sarma Sridevi V. 
Published: January 2019

Significance
Biases and fallacies can nudge humans in one direction or another as they make decisions. During gambling, bias is often generated by internal factors, including individual preferences, past experience, or emotions, and can move a person toward or away from risky behavior. The neural mechanisms responsible for generating internal bias are largely unknown, limiting the treatment of patients with neurological diseases that impair decision-making. We applied mathematical modeling techniques and high-resolution intracerebral recordings to uncover how a hidden internal bias builds up from past experiences to influence decisions and where this internal bias is encoded in the brain. Our findings suggest that biology exploits a distributed lateralized push–pull neural system to govern counterintuitive and highly variable decision-making in humans.
Socioecologically informed use of remote sensing data to predict rural household poverty
Authors: Watmough Gary R. , Marcinko Charlotte L. J. , Sullivan Clare , Tschirhart Kevin , Mutuo Patrick K. , Palm Cheryl A. , Svenning Jens-Christian 
Published: January 2019

Significance
Understanding relationships between poverty and environment is crucial for sustainable development and ecological conservation. Annual monitoring of socioeconomic changes using household surveys is prohibitively expensive. Here, we demonstrate that satellite data predicted the poorest households in a landscape in Kenya with 62% accuracy. A multilevel socioecological treatment of satellite data accounting for the complex ways in which households interact with the environment provided better prediction than the standard single-buffer approach. The increasing availability of high-resolution satellite data and volunteered geographic data means this method could be modified and upscaled in the future to help monitor the sustainable development goals.
Deconstruction subtitled – Subtitling deconstructed
Authors: Jordà Mathiasen Eivor 
Published: January 2019

Abstract
Derrida revealed the fallacy that it is possible to distinguish between reality, thinking and language; a fallacy
constructed by Plato and transmitted through Western philosophy. Furthermore, this belief has been the foundation stone of
translation studies, creating a concept of translation as a mechanism by means of which the essence of a message is transmitted
from one language to another, and whose ultimate guarantor is always the author of the original text. Derrida makes use of writing
to dismantle this fallacy and to show language as a complex system of signs that do not have one fixed, unchangeable meaning,
insofar as they cannot actualize the referent, but rather imply a multiplicity of interpretations. In a multimodal context in
which the original and the translation are simultaneous and complementary, subtitling brings us closer to the Derridian notion of
writing as the place wherein language shows us precisely what it is.
Characterizing and ranking computed metabolic engineering strategies
Authors: Schneider Philipp , Klamt Steffen 
Published: January 2019

Abstract

Motivation
The computer-aided design of metabolic intervention strategies has become a key component of an integrated metabolic engineering approach and a broad range of methods and algorithms has been developed for this task. Many of these algorithms enforce coupling of growth with product synthesis and may return thousands of possible intervention strategies from which the most suitable strategy must then be selected

Results
This work focuses on how to evaluate and rank, in a meaningful way, a given pool of computed metabolic engineering strategies for growth-coupled product synthesis. Apart from straightforward criteria, such as a preferably small number of necessary interventions, a reasonable growth rate and a high product yield, we present several new criteria useful to pick the most suitable intervention strategy. Among others, we investigate the robustness of the intervention strategies by searching for metabolites that may disrupt growth coupling when accumulated or secreted and by checking whether the interventions interrupt pathways at their origin (preferable) or at downstream steps. We also assess thermodynamic properties of the pathway(s) favored by the intervention strategy. Furthermore, strategies that have a significant overlap with alternative solutions are ranked higher because they provide flexibility in implementation. We also introduce the notion of equivalence classes for grouping intervention strategies with identical solution spaces. Our ranking procedure involves in total ten criteria and we demonstrate its applicability by assessing knockout-based intervention strategies computed in a genome-scale model of E.coli for the growth-coupled synthesis of l-methionine and of the heterologous product 1,4-butanediol.

Availability and implementation
The MATLAB scripts that were used to characterize and rank the example intervention strategies are available at http://www2.mpi-magdeburg.mpg.de/projects/cna/etcdownloads.html.

Supplementary information
Supplementary data are available at Bioinformatics online.
A web application and service for imputing and visualizing missense variant effect maps
Authors: Wu Yingzhou , Weile Jochen , Cote Atina G , Sun Song , Knapp Jennifer , Verby Marta , Roth Frederick P 
Published: January 2019

Abstract

Summary
The promise of personalized genomic medicine depends on our ability to assess the functional impact of rare sequence variation. Multiplexed assays can experimentally measure the functional impact of missense variants on a massive scale. However, even after such assays, many missense variants remain poorly measured. Here we describe a software pipeline and application to impute missing information in experimentally determined variant effect maps.

Availability and implementation
http://impute.varianteffect.org source code: https://github.com/joewuca/imputation.

Supplementary information
Supplementary data are available at Bioinformatics online.
Alterations in Oscillatory Behavior of Central Medial Thalamic Neurons Demonstrate a Key Role of CaV3.1 Isoform of T-Channels During Isoflurane-Induced Anesthesia
Authors: Timic Stamenic Tamara , Feseha Simon , Valdez Robert , Zhao Wanzhu , Klawitter Jost , Todorovic Slobodan M 
Published: January 2019

AbstractAlthough the central medial nucleus (CeM) of the thalamus is an essential part of the arousal system for sleep and anesthesia initiation, the precise mechanisms that regulate its activity are not well studied. We examined the role of CaV3.1 isoform of T-type calcium channels (T-channels) in the excitability and rhythmic activity of CeM neurons during isoflurane (ISO)-induced anesthesia by using mouse genetics and selective pharmacology. Patch-clamp recordings taken from acute brain slices revealed that CaV3.1 channels in CeM are inhibited by prototypical volatile anesthetic ISO (250 and 500 μM) and selective T-channels blocker 3,5-dichloro-N-[1-(2,2-dimethyl-tetrahydro-pyran-4-ylmethyl)-4-fluoro-piperidin-4-ylmethyl]-benzamide (TTA-P2). Both TTA-P2 and ISO attenuated tonic and burst firing modes, and hyperpolarized CeM neurons from wild type (WT) mice. These effects were greatly diminished or abolished in CaV3.1 null mice. Our ensuing in vivo local field potential (LFP) recordings from CeM indicated that the ability of TTA-P2 and anesthetic concentrations of ISO to promote δ oscillation was substantially weakened in CaV3.1 null mice. Furthermore, escalating ISO concentrations induced stronger burst-suppression LFP pattern in mutant than in WT mice. Our results demonstrate for the first time the importance of CaV3.1 channels in thalamocortical oscillations from the non-specific thalamic nuclei that underlie clinically important effects of ISO.
Characterizing Dysgeusia in Hemodialysis Patients
Authors: Fitzgerald Ciara , Wiese Gretchen , Moorthi Ranjani N , Moe Sharon M , Hill Gallant Kathleen , Running Cordelia A 
Published: January 2019

Abstract
Dysgeusia (abnormal taste) is common in those with chronic kidney disease and contributes to poor nutritional intake. Previous sensory work has shown that taste improves after dialysis sessions. The goal of this pilot study was to characterize altered taste perceptions in patients on dialysis compared with healthy adults, and to evaluate relationships between serum parameters with taste perceptions. We hypothesized that patients undergoing dialysis would experience blunted taste intensities compared with controls, and that serum levels of potential tastants would be inversely related to taste perception of compounds. Using a cross-sectional design, we carried out suprathreshold sensory assessments (flavor intensity and liking) of tastants/flavors potentially influenced by kidney disease and/or the dialysis procedure. These included sodium chloride, potassium chloride, calcium chloride, sodium phosphate, phosphoric acid, urea, ferrous sulfate, and monosodium glutamate. Individuals on maintenance hemodialysis (n= 17, 10 males, range 23–87 years) were compared with controls with normal gustatory function (n=29, 13 males, range 21–61 years). Unadjusted values for intensity and liking for the solutions showed minimal differences. However, when values were adjusted for participants’ perceptions of water (as a control for taste abnormalities), intensity of monosodium glutamate, sodium chloride, and sodium phosphate solutions were more intense for patients on dialysis compared with controls. Some significant correlations were also observed between serum parameters, particularly potassium, for dialysis patients and sensory ratings. These results suggest altered taste perception in patients during dialysis warrants further study.
Antibiotic Resistance and Typhoid
Authors: Dyson Zoe A , Klemm Elizabeth J , Palmer Sophie , Dougan Gordon 
Published: January 2019

AbstractMultiple drug (antibiotic) resistance (MDR) has become a major threat to the treatment of typhoid and other infectious diseases. Since the 1970s, this threat has increased in Salmonella enterica serovar Typhi, driven in part by the emergence of successful genetic clades, such as haplotype H58, associated with the MDR phenotype. H58 S. Typhi can express multiple antibiotic resistance determinants while retaining the ability to efficiently transmit and persist within the human population. The recent identification of extensively drug resistant S. Typhi only highlights the dangers of ignoring this threat. Here we discuss the evolution of the S. Typhi MDR phenotype and consider options for management.
Deaths From Plasmodium knowlesi Malaria: Case Series and Systematic Review
Authors: Rajahram Giri S , Cooper Daniel J , William Timothy , Grigg Matthew J , Anstey Nicholas M , Barber Bridget E 
Published: January 2019

Abstract

Background
Plasmodium knowlesi causes severe and fatal malaria, and incidence in Southeast Asia is increasing. Factors associated with death are not clearly defined.

Methods
All malaria deaths in Sabah, Malaysia, from 2015 to 2017 were identified from mandatory reporting to the Sabah Department of Health. Case notes were reviewed, and a systematic review of these and all previously reported fatal P. knowlesi cases was conducted. Case fatality rates (CFRs) during 2010–2017 were calculated using incidence data from the Sabah Department of Health.

Results
Six malaria deaths occurred in Sabah during 2015–2017, all from P. knowlesi. Median age was 40 (range, 23–58) years; 4 cases (67%) were male. Three (50%) had significant cardiovascular comorbidities and 1 was pregnant. Delays in administering appropriate therapy contributed to 3 (50%) deaths. An additional 26 fatal cases were included in the systematic review. Among all 32 cases, 18 (56%) were male; median age was 56 (range, 23–84) years. Cardiovascular-metabolic disease, microscopic misdiagnosis, and delay in commencing intravenous treatment were identified in 11 of 32 (34%), 26 of 29 (90%), and 11 of 31 (36%) cases, respectively. The overall CFR during 2010–2017 was 2.5/1000: 6.0/1000 for women and 1.7/1000 for men (P = .01). Independent risk factors for death included female sex (odds ratio, 2.6; P = .04), and age ≥45 years (odds ratio, 4.7; P < .01).

Conclusions
Earlier presentation, more rapid diagnosis, and administration of intravenous artesunate may avoid fatal outcomes, particularly in females, older adults, and patients with cardiovascular comorbidities.
Building consensus toward a national nursing home information technology maturity model
Authors: Alexander Gregory L , Powell Kimberly , Deroche Chelsea B , Popejoy Lori , Mosa Abu Saleh Mohammad , Koopman Richelle , Pettit Lorren , Dougherty Michelle 
Published: January 2019

Abstract

Objectives
We describe the development of a nursing home information technology (IT) maturity model designed to capture stages of IT maturity.

Materials and Methods
This study had 2 phases. The purpose of phase I was to develop a preliminary nursing home IT maturity model. Phase II involved 3 rounds of questionnaires administered to a Delphi panel of expert nursing home administrators to evaluate the validity of the nursing home IT maturity model proposed in phase I.

Results
All participants (n = 31) completed Delphi rounds 1-3. Over the 3 Delphi rounds, the nursing home IT maturity staging model evolved from a preliminary, 5-stage model (stages 1-5) to a 7-stage model (stages 0-6).

Discussion
Using innovative IT to improve patient outcomes has become a broad goal across healthcare settings, including nursing homes. Understanding the relationship between IT sophistication and quality performance in nursing homes relies on recognizing the spectrum of nursing home IT maturity that exists and how IT matures over time. Currently, no universally accepted nursing home IT maturity model exists to trend IT adoption and determine the impact of increasing IT maturity on quality.

Conclusions
A 7-stage nursing home IT maturity staging model was successfully developed with input from a nationally representative sample of U.S. based nursing home experts. The model incorporates 7-stages of IT maturity ranging from stage 0 (nonexistent IT solutions or electronic medical record) to stage 6 (use of data by resident or resident representative to generate clinical data and drive self-management).
Patient experience with family history tool: analysis of patients’ experience sharing their family health history through patient-computer dialogue in a patient portal
Authors: Bajracharya Adarsha S , Crotty Bradley H , Kowoloff Hollis B , Safran Charles , Slack Warner V 
Published: January 2019

Abstract

Objective
The collection and use of a family health history are important for assessing the patient’s risk of disease, but history taking is often impeded by practical barriers in the office. Provision for patient-computer dialogue, linked with the electronic health record, may enable patients to contribute their history while bypassing these barriers. We sought to assess the patient experience using such a tool.

Materials and Methods
We linked the family history module of a computer-based medical history to the patient portal of a large academic health system. The interview consisted of 39 primary questions with a predetermined high test-retest reliability. Patients’ results were structured and summarized, and available within their electronic health record. Patients optionally completed a survey about their experience. We inductively analyzed free-text responses collected between 2014 and 2016.

Results
Among 97 781 patient portal users, 9562 patients accessed and 4223 patients completed the family medical history interview. Of these patients, 1451 completed our survey. Main themes that were identified included (1) patient empowerment, (2) anticipated value, (3) validity concerns, (4) privacy concerns, and (5) reflections on patient-computer dialogue. Patients also provided suggestions for the improvement of future family history tools.

Discussion
Patients providing their family health information is an example of collaborative electronic work with clinicians and was seen as valuable by those who participated. Concerns related to contextual information and uncertainty need to be addressed.

Conclusions
Patient-computer dialogue to collect family medical history empowered patients and added perceived value and efficiency to the patient experience of care.
Pathways for African American Success: Results of Three-Arm Randomized Trial to Test the Effects of Technology-Based Delivery for Rural African American Families
Authors: Murry Velma McBride , Berkel Cady , Inniss-Thompson Misha N , Debreaux Marlena L 
Published: January 2019

AbstractObjectiveThe objective of this study was to test the effectiveness of a technology-based program to avert risky behaviors among rural African American youth. We hypothesized that the technology-based and group-based formats of the Pathways for African Americans Success (PAAS) program would lead to improvements in primary outcomes, and that the technology condition would perform at least as well as the group condition.MethodsA three-arm Randomized Control Trial (RCT) ([N = 141] technology-based delivery, [N = 141] small group delivery, and [N = 136] literature control) was conducted with 421 sixth graders and their caregivers, Summer 2009–Fall 2012. Families were recruited from five rural counties in Tennessee and completed baseline, posttest [M = 14.5 (4.4) months after pretest] and long-term follow-up [M = 22.6 (3.7) months after posttest]. Structural Equation Modeling (SEM) was used to test intervention-induced changes in both parents and youths’ primary outcomes (pretest to posttest) and on secondary targeted outcome, youth sexual risk, and substance use patterns (pretest to follow-up).ResultsParents in the technology condition reported significant increases in strategies to reduce risk. Youth in the technology condition experienced a significant decline in intent to engage in risk behaviors and reduction in substance use and sexual risk behavior. Youth in the group condition experienced a significant increase in affiliation with deviant peers.ConclusionsThis study provides evidence of the ability of eHealth to improve parenting and reduce adolescent engagement in substance use and sexual risk behavior. Suggestions for dissemination in schools and health-care systems are offered.
Conflicts and Relative Deprivation in Ein El Hilweh: Palestinian Refugees in the Shadow of the Syrian Civil War
Authors: Nilsson Marco , Badran Dany 
Published: January 2019

Abstract
About 450,000 Palestinian refugees live in Lebanon today. With the arrival of over 1 million Syrian refugees in Lebanon since the Syrian civil war started in 2011, Palestinians were no longer the largest refugee group in Lebanon, and many newcomers settled in Palestinian refugee camps. Previous research has considered how recipient societies relate to refugees; this study analyses inter-group competition and conflict among refugees from different countries by analysing Palestinians’ perceptions of refugee camp life and attitudes towards Syrian refugees. Focus-group interviews were conducted in the largest camp in Lebanon, Ein El Hilweh. Respondents experienced relative deprivation due to the influx of Syrian refugees, who were accused of taking Palestinian jobs and increasing poverty. Respondents complained of increasing violence and social problems (e.g. radicalization and drug use) due to the demographic changes. Especially women experienced that their freedom of movement had become limited in the camp but found it difficult to consider migration. Increasing desperation had also weakened Palestinian resistance identity and trust in resistance organizations.
Prevalence and antifungal susceptibility of Sporothrix species in Jiangxi, central China
Authors: Li Jie , Zhan Ping , Jiang Qing , Gao Yangmin , Jin Yun , Zhang Lei , Luo Yunpeng , Fan Xinyi , Sun Jiufeng , de Hoog Sybren 
Published: January 2019

Abstract
Sporotrichosis is a subcutaneous mycosis caused by traumatic inoculation of pathogenic Sporothrix species. Until recently, Sporothrix globosa was considered as the unique Chinese species causing this disorder. In the present study, 33 clinical Sporothrix strains isolated from Jiangxi, China, were classified and antifungal susceptibility for each strain was determined. Thirteen S. globosa strains and 20 S. schenckii strains were identified by morphology and by multilocus analysis using rDNA ITS, CAL, and EF1α (i.e., internal transcribed spacer, calmodulin and elongation factor-1α). In vitro antifungal susceptibility testing of yeast phases indicated that itraconazole, terbinafine, and posaconazole were most effective against both species, followed by amphotericin B and voriconazole, while fluconazole, 5-fluorocytosine had low efficacy with high MICs. Co-occurrence of S. schenckii and S. globosa in central China may indicate different routes of transmission in this area.
Protein Synthesis and Synapse Specificity in Functional Plasticity
Authors: Raghuraman Radha , Benoy Amrita , Sajikumar Sreedharan 
Published: January 2019

Abstract
This chapter discusses the role of protein synthesis in the maintenance of long-term potentiation (LTP) and its associative properties, synaptic tagging and capture, which are cellular correlates of long-term memory. Starting from a brief overview of the early and late phases of LTP, the chapter discusses various existing models for synaptic activity-induced protein synthesis and its roles in late-LTP. The synaptic tagging and capture and cross-tagging theories are given emphasis, along with the elucidation of local dendritic protein synthesis and its significance in the maintenance of LTP. Inverse synaptic tagging, synaptic competition for plasticity-related proteins, and metaplasticity are also covered. The importance of the balance between proteasomal degradation and synthesis of plasticity-related proteins in persistent potentiation is briefly discussed. This chapter touches upon the physiological implications of epigenetic regulation in the control of neuronal functions and the molecular mechanisms within the neurons that translate epigenetic changes into long-lasting responses.