bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Learning Styles: Preferred Learning Choices and Behaviors of Saudi Male and Female EFL Learners
Authors: Gulnaz Fehmeeda , Farooq Umar , Ali Shamim 
Published: January 2019

<p>Learning styles are the differences in personal characteristics, strengths and<br />preferences, describing how individuals acquire, process and store information.<br />Learners approach information differently from each other due to their different<br />instincts and natural dispositions. In the pretext of learning styles what is being<br />taught has least importance than how’s being taught as in current scenario, teachers adapt their teaching techniques according to the learners preferred learning styles. Based on the review of previous context(s), the present study aims at investigating the learning style preferences of 200 Saudi male and female EFL learners at Taif University. For this purpose, a questionnaire was developed with closed ended questions by employing Likert’s five point scale to collect the data from 100 male and 100 female Saudi EFL learners that represents quantitative dimension of the work. The study probed into how different learners took in information by using their senses, intellect, force and physical movements. Furthermore, the research investigated what special measures teachers should take during teaching to develop the learners’ awareness about their dominant learning styles coupled with designing the strategies to promote learning according to their unique dispositions. The findings manifest significant differences in the learning style of Taif University’s male and female EFL learners because of the learners’ physical and biological differences as well as their diverse social and cultural norms.</p><p> </p><p><strong>Keywords</strong>: choices and behaviors, English language learners, learning styles</p>
Measuring School Support for Learning English as a Foreign Language through SSELL
Authors: Sarwar Samiullah , Bhamani Shelina 
Published: January 2019

<p>Schools label themselves to be English medium considering that by implementing textbooks in English language and adopting English as a medium of instruction is sufficient to be English. In this regard, there is a need for a checklist or selfassessment tool to enable the schools to evaluate themselves to see their positioning as an English medium school as well as understanding their role in it. This study aimed to develop a scale to enable the English language teaching practitioners to explore if the non-elite schools successfully fulfilled this claim. The scale construction methodology was used to carry out this investigation. The sample comprised of 134 participants including school principals, coordinators and teachers randomly selected using convenient sampling methods. A reliability analysis was carried out to establish the authenticity and applicability of the tool. A satisfactory score of test-retest reliability revealed the scale as a good fit to evaluate school support for<br />English language learning; therefore, the scale can be stated as acceptable based on its psychometric properties.</p><p><br /><strong>Keywords:</strong> English language, official language policy, scale construction, school<br />assessment.</p>
Personality and Ability Traits of Teachers: Student Perceptions
Authors: Ibad Fareeda 
Published: January 2019

<p>The study attempts to explore higher education students’ perceptions of proficient teachers, which is of importance to them in their learning. Since no effective system of teacher evaluation was in place in Pakistan until recently to distinguish between good and poor teachers, research shows that poor teaching quality is pervasive in higher education institutions in the country. The study analyzed students’ views of good and poor teaching through two focus group discussions with students from two engineering schools in Pakistan. The hematic coding of data yielded the desired outcomes of students’ views according to the personality and ability traits their teachers demonstrated. It was revealed that teachers possessed both categories of characteristics to a certain extent with the shortcomings of approachability, ability to bring knowledge to the level of the students, low emotional intelligence and poor communication ability resulting there from. It is expected that action to improve teaching quality would result in awareness of the problem. </p><p><strong>Keywords</strong>: behavioral theory, cognitive theory, effective teaching, personality<br />characteristics, teacher behavior</p>
A Comparative Study of the Attitude of the Male and Female Elementary School Teachers towards Teaching Profession
Authors: Shakoor Uzma , Farrukh Dr. Irshad Ahmad 
Published: January 2019

<p>The process of education is shaped and made by the teachers who play a pivotal role in web of educational system. Teaching characteristically is a moral enterprise and its function is aimed at guiding and working desirable growth in others. The need to know more about teacher and teaching stems not only from the commonness of the phenomenon, but also from the realization that our notion of teacher and teaching guides our future endeavors. There is a dearth of empirical evidence about the attitude of teachers towards their profession. Quantitative research methodology was deployed using descriptive design. The study included 160 pre and in-service elementary school teachers for which equal representative was given to pre and inservice teachers and both genders. The participants included 80 male and 80 female teachers. A three point validated and reliable attitude scale was used to gather the data which comprised 30 statements. The results of the present study revealed that<br />the majority of teachers working in the elementary school and also the prospective one’s had less or not favorable attitude towards the teaching profession. The reasons for such attitude seemed to be justifiable, because of the working conditions and academic environment in schools as mentioned by the teachers were sufficient enough to be the great source of influence, development and reinforcement of a particular type of attitude. The study recommends the induction of teachers with the positive and more favorable attitude towards teaching profession. </p><p> </p><p><strong>Keywords:</strong> comparative, attitude, elementary school, teachers, teaching profession </p>
The Impact of Obesity on the Incidence of Type 2 Diabetes Among Women With Polycystic Ovary Syndrome
Authors: Kakoly Nadira S. , Earnest Arul , Teede Helena J. , Moran Lisa J. , Joham Anju E. 
Published: January 2019

OBJECTIVE
The nature of the independent relationship between polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) and type 2 diabetes remains unclear. Few studies have aimed to clarify this relationship independent of obesity in longitudinal population-based cohorts.

RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS
We used the Australian Longitudinal Study on Women’s Health (ALSWH) (2000–2015) database to estimate nationwide incidence rates and predictors of type 2 diabetes among women aged 18–42 using person-time and survival analysis.

RESULTS
Over a follow-up of 1,919 person-years (PYs), 186 women developed type 2 diabetes. The incidence rate was 4.19/1,000 PYs and 1.02/1,000 PYs (P &lt; 0.001) in PCOS and control subjects. On subgroup analyses across healthy-weight, overweight, and obese categories of women, the incidence rates for type 2 diabetes were 3.21, 4.67, and 8.80, whereas incidence rate ratios were 4.68, 3.52, and 2.36 (P &lt; 0.005) in PCOS versus age-matched control subjects. PCOS was one of the most influential predictors for type 2 diabetes in the entire cohort (hazard ratio 3.23, 95% CI 2.07–5.05, P &lt; 0.001) adjusting for BMI, education, area of residence, and family history of type 2 diabetes.

CONCLUSIONS
Women with PCOS are at an increased risk of type 2 diabetes, irrespective of age and BMI. The incidence of type 2 diabetes increases substantially with increasing obesity; yet, PCOS adds a greater relative risk in lean women. Based on the overall moderate absolute clinical risk demonstrated here, guideline recommendations suggest type 2 diabetes screening every 1–3 years in all women with PCOS, across BMI categories and age ranges, with frequency influenced by additional type 2 diabetes risk factors.
Fracture Strength of Various Types of Large Direct Composite and Indirect Glass Ceramic Restorations
Authors: de Kuijper MCFM , Gresnigt MMM , van den Houten M , Haumahu D , Schepke U , Cune MS 
Published: January 2019

SUMMARY

Introduction:
The objective of this study was to investigate the mechanical behavior of severely compromised endodontically treated molars restored by means of various types of composite buildups, full-contour lithium disilicate crowns (with or without post) or a lithium disilicate endocrown.

Methods and Materials:
One hundred five sound molars were endodontically treated and randomly assigned to 1 control group (endodontic access cavity only) and 6 experimental groups (n=15): glass fiber reinforced composite (GFRC group), direct microhybrid composite (C group), direct microhybrid composite restoration with glass fiber post (CP group), composite buildup and full-contour lithium disilicate crown (LDS group), additional glass fiber post (P-LDS group), and endocrown (EC group). Molar crowns in the treatment groups were removed 1 mm above the cementoenamel junction and restored. All specimens were thermomechanically aged (1.2×106 cycles at 1.7 Hz/50N, 8000 cycles 5°C to 55°C) and axially loaded until failure. Data were analyzed using analysis of variance and Tukey post hoc test (α=0.05).

Results:
Fracture strength was significantly affected by the type of restoration (p=0.000; statistically similar groups identified with superscript letters): LDSB (3217±1052 N), P-LDSAB (2697±665 N), ECAB (2425±993 N), CA (2192±752), controlA (1890±774 N), CPA (1830±590 N), and GFRCA (1823±911 N). Group GFRC obtained significantly more repairable fractures than the other groups.

Conclusions:
Significant differences in fracture strength were obtained between LDS, the composite restorations, and control group. Direct composite restorations showed similar fracture strength as P-LDS and EC. Incorporating a glass fiber reinforced composite resulted in significantly more repairable failures.
Dybdelæring: En ny utdanningsfarsott?
Authors: Melby-Lervåg Monica 
Published: January 2019

Utdanningsforskning er et ungt forskningsfelt, og i likhet med andre felt som har kort forskningstradisjon bærer det preg av en del barnesykdommer. En slik barnesykdom er at det med jevne mellomrom kommer farsotter med et svakt forskningsfundament. Eksempler på slike farsotter i utdanning er læringsstiler, læringspyramiden, Hatties visible learning og Lesing på talens grunn. En ny bok om "Dybdelæring" av Fullan, Quinn og McEachen er nå oversatt til norsk. Dessverre gir en gjennomlesing av denne boken grunn til bekymring for at vi med dybdelæring står overfor en ny farsott i utdanningspolitikk og praksis.
Linking Survey and Administrative Data to Measure Income, Inequality, and Mobility
Authors: Medalia Carla , Meyer Bruce D , O'Hara Amy B , Wu Derek 
Published: January 2019

BackgroundIncome is one of the most important measures of well-being, but it is notoriously difficult to measure accurately. In the United States, income data are available from surveys, tax records, and government programs, but each of these sources has important strengths and major limitations when used alone.
ObjectivesWe link multiple data sources to develop the Comprehensive Income Dataset (CID), a prototype for a restricted micro-level dataset that combines the demographic detail of survey data with the accuracy of administrative measures.
MethodsBy incorporating information on nearly all taxable income, tax credits, and cash and in-kind government transfers, the CID surpasses previous efforts to provide an accurate and comprehensive measure of income for the population of United States individuals, families, and households. We also evaluate the accuracy of different income sources and imputation methods.
ConclusionsWhile still in development, we envision the CID enhancing Census Bureau surveys and statistics by investigating measurement error, improving imputation methods, and augmenting surveys with the best possible estimates of income. It can also be used for policy related research, such as forecasting and simulating changes in programs and taxes. Finally, the CID has substantial advantages over other sources to analyze numerous research topics, including poverty, inequality, mobility, and the distributional consequences of government transfers and taxes.
The Soviet mapping of Poland – a brief overview
Authors: Kent Alexander J. , Davis Martin , Davies John 
Published: January 2019

Abstract
The Soviet military mapping project was the most comprehensive cartographic endeavour of the twentieth century. The resulting maps have been commercially available to the West since at least 1993, when a Latvian business first offered Soviet plans of Western cities for sale at the 16th International Cartographic Conference in Cologne, Germany. Covering the globe at a range of scales, Soviet military maps provide a fascinating – if disconcerting – view of familiar territory with a striking aesthetic. But they also provide a substantial untapped geospatial resource, often with an unparalleled level of topographic detail. This paper gives an overview of the Soviet global military mapping programme and its coverage of Poland, including the 1:25,000-scale city plan of Warsaw (printed in 1981). By illustrating the extensive topographic symbology employed at various scales of mapping, it suggests how these maps may offer scope for regional studies and how their cartographic language can provide some solutions for addressing the ongoing challenges of mapping the globe.
Forward, backward selection and variation analysis of growth traits in half-sib Larix kaempferi families
Authors: Zhao Xiyang , Pan Yanyan , Pei Xiaona , Wang Fuwei , Wang Chenglu , Shao Lili , Dong Lihu , Qu Guan-Zheng 
Published: January 2019

Abstract
Tree height and diameter at breast height of 30 half-sib Larix kaempferi families were analyzed at different ages. Analysis of variance revealed a significant difference in growth among dif­ferent families. Phenotypic variation coefficients of the traits tree height and diameter at breast height among families of different ages ranged from 11.04 % to 31.74 % and 19.01 % to 19.83 %, respectively. Average heritability of tree height and diameter at breast height ranged from 0.87 to 0.96 and 0.93 to 0.96, respectively. Significant positive correlations were obser­ved among all traits at different ages. By the method of multip­le-traits comprehensive, six families (L18, L12, L8, L3, L25 and L20) were selected as being elite using a 20 % selection ratio at 12 years of age. Average values of these elite families were 11.15 % and 16.83 % higher than the total average for height and diameter at breast height, and genetic gains were 10.53 % and 15.79 %, respectively. Forty five elite individual plants were selected using a 5 % selection ratio which were 23.47 % and 24.90 % higher than the overall average for height and diame­ter at breast height, respectively.
Heat Transfer Analysis and Water Quality in Saline Water Desalination Using Solar Energy in Vacuum Condition
Authors: Kusumadewi Riana Ayu , Notodarmodjo Suprihanto , Helmy Qomarudin 
Published: January 2019

The continues deficiency of consumable water is a significant issue in developing countries, and contaminated water can result in various diseases, which are often lethal. Solar desalination seems to be a promising method and alternative way for supplying fresh water. Aim: The aim of this research is to study heat transfer in desalination system and the quality of feed water, distilled water and brine compared to the quality standard. Feed water consists of salinity 12‰ and 38‰ salinity. Methodology and Result: At first, initial characterization of feed water was conducted, then temperature on fourteen points was measured using thermocouples and thermometer so heat transfer rate can be calculated. After that, the final characterization of water production was conducted. From the observation, it was found that evaporative heat transfer for vacuum pressure of -0.05, -0.1, -0.15, -0.2, -0.25, and -0.3 bar respectively were 173.77, 180.07, 190.79, 481.66, 242.57, and 246.24 W/m2. The result of water quality test of distilled water produced from saline water desalination for some parameters respectively were pH 7.4; turbidity 2.73 NTU; TDS 27.45 mg/L; chloride 84.98 mg/L; Fe 2.13 mg/L; total hardness 0.1698 mg/L; and Escherichia coli 12 cell/mL . Conclusion, significance and impact study: It can be concluded that distilled water produced by desalination system was met drinking water quality standard according to Minister of Health Regulation No. 492 of 2010.
Penerapan Model Pembelajaran Learning Cycle 5E (Engagment, Exploration, Explanation, Elboration, Evaluation) untuk Meningkatkan Hasil Belajar Ekonomi
Authors: Aslindawaty Nur 
Published: January 2019

Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian tindakan kelas (PTK) yang dilakukan dalam 2 siklus. Pelaksanaan penelitian tindakan kelas ini terdiri atas empat kegiatan yang dilakukan dengan siklus berulang yaitu perencanaan, tindakan, pengamatan/observasi, dan refleksi. Permasalahan dalam penelitian ini adalah rendahnya hasil belajar siswa pada mata pelajaran ekonomi kelas IX SMP 2 Mare. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk meningkatkan hasil belajar siswa melalui penerapan model pembelajaran learning cycle 5E (engagement, exploration, explanation, elaboration, evaluation) mata pelajaran ekonomi kelas IX SMP 2 Mare. Siswa yang terlibat dalam penelitian ini sebanyak 30 orang siswa di kelas IX SMP 2 Mare. Model pembelajaran yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah model pembelajaran learning cycle 5E (engagement, exploration, explanation, elaboration, evaluation). Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa melalui model pembelajaran learning cycle 5E (engagement, exploration, explanation, elaboration, evaluation) dapat meningkatkan hasil belajar siswa pada mata pelajaran ekonomi kelas IX SMP 2 Mare. Hal ini dapat dilihat pada hasil penelitian siklus 1 hasil belajar sesuai kelas IX SMP 2 Mare. Untuk ketentuan belajar individu (perorangan) sudah memenuhi standar karena mahasiswa sudah menguasai 70.74% dan standar yang sekurang-kurangnya 65% sedangkan ketuntasan belajar dan sekurangkurangnya 85% tmgkat penguatan yang te!ah di tetapkan. Pada siklus 2 hasil belajar siswa kelas X SMA Negri 1 Bambang umtuk ketentun belajar mdividu (perorangan) sudah memenuhi standar karena siswa sudah menguasai 83.80% dan standar yang sekurang-kurangnya 65% sedangkan untuk ketentuan be!ajar k!asikal siswa mendapatkan 90,00% sudah memenui standar dan sekuarang-kurangnya 85% tmgkat penguatan yang telah di tetapkan. Pada siklus II sudah memenuhi standar ketuntasan belajar, demikian pula dengan hasil observasi terhadap aktivitas siswa dan aktivitas guru. Pada siklus I dan siklus II dikategorikan cukup dan sangat baik. Hasil penelitian ini dapat disimpulkan bahwa dengan memanfaatkan model pembelajaran learning cycle 5E (engagement, exploration, explanation, elaboration, evaluation) pada mata pelajaran ekonomi dapat meningkatkan hasil belajar siswa kelas IX SMP 2 Mare pada mata pelajaran ekonomi. Kata Kunci: Learning Cycle, Hasil Belajar.
Malaria in Eritrean migrants newly arrived in seven European countries, 2011 to 2016
Authors: Sondén Klara , Rolling Thierry , Wångdahl Andreas , Ydring Elsie , Vygen-Bonnet Sabine , Kobbe Robert , Douhan Johan , Hammar Ulf , Duijster Janneke , de Gier Brechje , Freedman Joanne , Gysin Nicole , Stark Klaus , Stevens Flora , Vestergaard Lasse Skafte , Tegnell Anders , Färnert Anna 
Published: January 2019

Global migration has resulted in a large number of asylum applications in Europe. In 2014, clusters of Plasmodium vivax cases were reported among newly arrived Eritreans. This study aimed to assess malaria among Eritrean migrants in Europe from 2011 to 2016. We reviewed European migration numbers and malaria surveillance data for seven countries (Denmark, Germany, Netherlands, Norway, Sweden, Switzerland and the United Kingdom) which received 44,050 (94.3%) of 46,730 Eritreans seeking asylum in Europe in 2014. The overall number of malaria cases, predominantly P. vivax, increased significantly in 2014 compared to previous years, with the largest increases in Germany (44 P. vivax cases in 2013 vs 294 in 2014, p < 0.001) and Sweden (18 in 2013 vs 205 in 2014, p < 0.001). Overall, malaria incidence in Eritreans increased from 1–5 to 25 cases per 1,000, and was highest in male teenagers (50 cases/1,000). In conclusion, an exceptional increase of malaria cases occurred in Europe in 2014 and 2015, due to rising numbers of Eritreans with high incidence of P. vivax arriving in Europe. Our results demonstrate potential for rapid changes in imported malaria patterns, highlighting the need for improved awareness, surveillance efforts and timely healthcare in migrants.
The Political Law on Coal Mining in the Fulfilment of People's Welfare in Indonesia
Authors: Irsan Irsan , Utama Meria 
Published: January 2019

The main issue of this research is how the political law on coal mining to manifest the people's prosperity in Indonesia based on the sustainable development principle. Using normative research with interdisciplinary research approaches such as law and sociological approach, it gains some results: firstly, in the legal issue, Indonesian government should comply with the Article 33 of the 1945 Constitution, as an economic system aimed in realizing people's sovereignty in the economic field. Secondly, some regulations related to coal mining still have some loopholes. As a result, it needs evaluation in the field of legal structure to enforce the rule of law based on the communities’ existing values as the reflection of Pancasila and the 1945 Constitution. Thirdly, the control of the state in the coal utilization and a new balancing in national policy management based on the sustainable development are necessary where the objectives of coal exploitations in mining are not only to pursue economic gain but also to have equal responsibilities to the social and the environment
Pengaruh Pemberian Tepung Deffated Larva BSF (Hermetia illucens) terhadap Performa Produksi Puyuh Petelur (Coturnix coturnix japonica)
Authors: Mawaddah Siti , Hermana Widya , Nahrowi Nahrowi 
Published: January 2019

High quality protein feedstuff prices for poultry are more expensive due to rising prices of imported raw materials, such as fish meal and meat bone meal (MBM). Utilization of an alternative source of protein that is abundant and does not compete with food needs, becomes one of the promising solutions to optimize production efficiency. This research will evaluate the potential utilization of black soldier fly (BSF) deffated larva mal as alternative source of MBM protein in quail feed on quail production performance by using method of decreasing fat (defatting) with emphasis (pressing). Female quail 5 weeks old as many as 285 birds. Quails devided in 3 treatments and 5 replications of each 19 tails. The experimental design used in this study was a complete randomized design (CRD). The feed applied was as follows: (P1) control feed, (P2) Feed with content 50% BSF (P3) feed with 100% BSF. The results of the study 50% and 100% subtitution of BSF deffated larva meal not significantly affected on egg production evidenced by no disruption of the production of eggs and raised 5.82% (P2) and 6.13% (P3) to feed control so that it can be concluded that deffated BSF meal alternative can be used as a substitute for MBM quail in feed