bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Isolation and anti-Escherichia coli biofilm activity of lytic bacteriophages isolated from water environment in vitro
Authors: Yulinery T , Triana E , Suharna N , Nurhidayat N 
Published: September 2019

Abstract
Bacterial biofilms have emerged from contamination and infection problems in the medical, industrial and in the food and beverage processing. Bacteriophages are potential as biocontrol agents against bacterial biofilms as they specifically prevent or destroy the bacterial biofilm formation. The use of bacteriophages is safe from humans and animals as they only infect specific bacteria in specific pathways and have non-toxic properties to humans and animals. The objective of this study was to isolates and to know anti-Escherichia coli biofilm activity of lytic bacteriophages from the water environment in vitro. Seven Escherichia coli bacteriophages were isolated from different water sources. These bacteriophages E. coli were analyzed to know its potential for prevention, inhibition or degradation against E. coli biofilm in vitro. Data were analyzed using Minitab response surface. The results reveal that all seven E. coli bacteriophages showed that they were potential to prevent, inhibit and degrade E. coli biofilm in vitro. However, only E. coli IV phage has the highest activity to prevent E. coli biofilm formation by 40% using filtrate dilution 103-105 incubated for 10-28 hours. The highest biofilm inhibition activity was shown by E. coli I phage at 40% using filtrate dilution 10−2 and 10−4 incubated for 48-60 hours. Meanwhile, the highest biofilm degradation activity, 100%, was achieved by E. coli III phage and E. coli IV phage using filtrate dilution 103-105 and 102-105 incubated for 10-15 hours and 10-31 hours, respectively. Further study is needed to reveal the bacteriophages identity and to optimize the number of bacteriophages particles which can be used efficiently and effectively to control E. coli biofilm.
Screening of Basidiomycetes with laccase activity for lignin degradation on POME
Authors: Subowo Y B 
Published: September 2019

Abstract
Laccase producing Basidiomycetes were selected to degrade lignin on Palm Oil Mill Effluent (POME). The selection to obtain fungal isolates which produce high activity ligninolytic enzymes has been done continuously. The objective of the research was to isolate high activity enzymes producing fungus and obtain the data on enzyme activity changes after the addition of inducer. Fruiting body of fungus were collected in surrounding area of Cibinong Sciences Centre and Bogor Botanical Garden. Twelve isolates were obtained and all of the isolates could grow on Poly R-478. Isolate Mycena sp J24 produced the highest laccase activity. The fungus was able to decolorize Poly R-478 as much as 89.73% in 21 days incubation. The addition of CuSO4 increased decolorization rate as much as 2.32%. Mycena sp J24 reduced 33.82% of POME color in fifteen days incubation. The addition of CuSO4 increased POME decolorization as much as 72.11%. This fungus could also reduce COD level on POME as much as 33.14% in fifteen days incubation. The addition of veratryl alcohol increased the reduction of COD level as much as 55.15%. Mycena sp J24 produced the highest amount of laccase and could be applied on POME degradation as well.
Biodegradation of BTEX by indigenous microorganisms isolated from UCG project area, South Sumatra
Authors: Handayani S , Safitri R , Surono W , Astika H , Damayanti R , Agung M , Rukiah  
Published: September 2019

Abstract
Recently Indonesia is conducting Underground Coal Gasification (UCG) project in South Sumatra for power generation.The potential of negative impacts from UCG on groundwater and the broader environment can not be ignored since past similar projects were often confronted with pollution isues of BTEX and PAHs due to condensation of tar-loaded gas. This study focuses on finding indigenous microorganisms capable of BTEX degradation and evaluate their biodegradability. Several microorganisms were successfully isolated and screened. Pseudomonas putida and Bacillus cereus were chosen for this bioremediation study since the bacteria were predominant and highly viable on the screening test. The BTEX degradation has been studied in single component using single and mixed bacterial cultures in the concentration range of 250-500 ppm. The experimental results show that biodegradation of BTEX by P. putida ranged from 61.4-70.2% and by B.cereus ranging 63.9-74.7 % at initial BTEX concentration of 500 ppm.Meanwhile, consortium of both isolates has the highest percentage of BTEX biodegradation (67.8-79,8%) during 14 days of retention time.The findings reveal that indigenous bacteria of P. putida dan B. cereus exhibit the potential to be used for decontamination of BTEX as an anticipated mitigation for potential pollution coming from the UCG project.
Accumulation of copper metal (Cu) on the plant Ipomoea carnea, Jacq in around the Limboto lake
Authors: Kandowangko N Y , Lamondo D , Kiroyan S 
Published: September 2019

AbstractLimboto Lake is one of the main lakes in the north part of Sulawesi island, Indonesia. This lake is categorized as a tectonic lake, which currently undergoing a serious degradation, due to many residences built in the area. Thus, the depth of the lake is quickly shrinking. A large quantity of poisonous kale (Ipomoea carneaL) grows in the around of the lake. This study aims at finding out the accumulation of copper (Cu) in the poisonous kale that grows in the around of the Limboto Lake. This study is a descriptive quantitative study using survey method with purposive sampling method in three observation sites, the estuary of theAlopohuriver, the estuary of theBiyongariver, and the estuary of theTalubongoriver. The variable being measured in this study is the level of Cu in the root, stem, and leaves, as well as the rhizosphere of the poisonous kale. The calculation of the Cu is carried out throughAtomic Absorption Spectrophotometry(AAS). This research shows that the range of Cu accumulation in the root is (3.61-36.00 mg/L), stem (0-15.00 mg/L), leaves (0-42.94 mg/L) and in the rhizosphere of the plant is (0.12-26.00 mg/L). The poisonous kale plant can be utilized as the Cu accumulator.
Phytocemical compounds of different species of Alstonia sp. from Palembang- South Sumatera
Authors: Zuraida  
Published: September 2019

Abstract

Alstonia sp is one of Indonesia tropical forest plant widely used for various benefits such as wood used for furniture, blackboards, wooden sandals, while barks and leaves used for traditional medicine for various diseases. Phytochemical content is influenced by various factors including species, age, and geographical location. This study aimed to identify phytochemical compounds of Alstonia sp. from various species, namely Alstonia scholaris, Alstonia pneumatophora, and Alstonia angustiloba from Palembang South Sumatera. Phytochemical analyzed flavonoids, tannins, saponins, alkaloids, steroids, and triterpenoids qualitatively. The result showed that all Alstonia sp. contained flavonoid and steroid compounds. Alkaloids and tannins were only detected in Alstonia Scholaris. Saponins were detected in Alstonia scholaris and Alstonia pneumatophora. Phytochemical content in Alstonia indicated that they had potency to be utilized as a source of medicinal plants. Alstonia sp. with the same genus but different species had different phytochemical content.
Biomass estimation model for small diameter Auri tree (Acacia auriculiformis A. Cunn. ex Benth.)
Authors: Siarudin M , Indrajaya Y 
Published: September 2019

AbstractAuri (Acacia auriculiformisA. Cunn. ex Benth.) is one of pioneer tree species developed in forest and land rehabilitation. This species can be used as a short-rotation plantation forest for biomass energy source that produces small diameter stem. The potential use of small diameter auri needs to be supported by accurate biomass estimation. This study aims at developing biomass estimation model for young, small diameter auri tree and comparing the local model to generic model. Measurements were carried out on 92 samples of 2-years old auri tree planted with stand densities of 1850-2500 trees/ha. Data was analysed using 8 local models and compared to 5 generic models. Result of the study shows that the best model for estimating small diameter auri biomass isB1 model (B= 0.016(D20)2.78). The comparison of local and generic models suggested that the local model is better in predicting the auri biomass. This model is valid for small diameter auri species in West Nusa Tenggara Province. This model also seems reliable to apply in similar climatic region, but need a local data validation.
Effect of hydrolysis time and acid concentration on bioethanol production of microalga Scenedesmus sp.
Authors: Agustini N W S , Hidhayati N , Wibisono S A 
Published: September 2019

AbstractScenedesmussp. has tremendous potential to produce bioethanol due to its high content of carbohydrate, approximately 10-52%. This study aimed to investigate the effect of hydrolysis time and acid concentration on ethanol production fermented bySaccharomyces cerevisiae. The analysis included in this research were cell density calculation, pH level, carbohydrate content, reducing sugar content, and ethanol content tested by Gas Chromatography. Biomass ofScenedesmussp. was hydrolyzed using 1%, 2%, and 3% sulfuric acid for 75 minutes and 105 minutes. The hydrolysate was adjusted its pH to 4-5 using NaOH 50% then it was added with nutrients. The fermentation process was carried out for 5 days and samples were collected every day. The results showed that the highest ethanol content was 1.1 % and achieved on the 1st day of fermentation with 75 minutes of hydrolysis process using 3% sulfuric acid. It was followed by a 105 minutes hydrolysis process using 3% sulfuric acid which yielded a value of 1.095% on the 2nd day of fermentation. Optimization of the hydrolysis and fermentation process are needed for a further study to obtain high ethanol content.
Production and characterization of cellulase from the newly isolated Bacillus subtilis A8 on rice bran and corncob
Authors: Soeka Y S , Sulistiani  
Published: September 2019

Abstract
Rice bran and corncob are the agricultural waste with the high cellulose content. The research was carried out to utilize rice bran and corncob as media/substrate to produce cellulase enzyme by means of the bacteria fermentation process. Bacteria that used to the fermentation process isolated from the shrimp paste origin Bonang, Samarinda, East Kalimantan. Bacteria identified molecularly based on 16S rDNA sequence. The results of identification showed the bacteria is Bacillus subtilis A8. In the research showed the cellulase enzyme activity of B. subtilis A8 on the rice bran media have optimum of incubation time 3 days at pH 6.0 and temperature 60°C, activated by Na+, Co+2, Cu+2, Mg+2, and Zn+2 ions and the protein content 0.13 μg/mL. The cellulase enzyme activity of B. subtilis A8 on the corncob media have optimum of incubation time 3 days at pH 7.0 and temperature 50°C and activated by Na+ and Co+2, whereas Cu+2, Mg+2, and Zn+2 are inhibitor and the protein content 0.04 μg/mL.
Isolation and screening of actinomycetes producing cellulase and xylanase from Mamasa soil, West Sulawesi
Authors: Putri A L , Setiawan R 
Published: September 2019

Abstract
Actinomycetes are Gram-positive bacteria with high G+C content that important for nutrient recycling of natural substrates and degradation of soil organic material. Actinomycetes can secrete enzymes to degrade organic material such as lignocellulose. Some enzymes produced by actinomycetes for degradation of lignocellulose including cellulase and xylanase. The aim of this study was to isolate actinomycetes from soil originated from Mamasa, West Sulawesi, Indonesia, and screen their cellulase and xylanase activity. A total of 57 isolates of actinomycetes have been isolated using SDS-YE method. Those isolates were screened for their cellulase and xylanase activity. The abilities of actinomycetes to degrade cellulose and xylan were observed by clear zone on CMC agar medium and xylan agar medium. Out of 57 isolates, 17 isolates produced cellulase; five isolates produced xylanase and three isolates produced both cellulase and xylanase. After the identification of potential isolates, the cellulolytic actinomycetes were identified belong to 6 genera (Asanoa, Dactylosporangium, Kitasatospora, Nonomurae, Streptomyces, and Streptosporangium). Meanwhile, the xylanolytic actinomycetes were identified belong to 3 genera (Asanoa, Kribella, and Streptomyces). The result showed that the ability of actinomycetes to produce cellulase and xylanase were very low. Therefore isolation of actinomycetes from the specific substrate is necessary to be conducted.
Effectiveness of eco-absorbent modified chitosan membrane from Pila ampullacea as urban water filter to provide healthy sanitary water in Kediri
Authors: Ramadani A H , Ningrum R S 
Published: September 2019

Abstract
Kediri is well known as a city of cigarette, sugar refinery, and tofu industries. This condition has an impact on high waste disposal to the environment such as rivers. One of the cases in Dermo village Kediri, where the river water turned black and well water turn yellow, high turbidity and smelly when the factory worked. The solution to provide a healthy sanitary water is the use of membrane for filtering the water. Chitosan from Pila ampullacea shell, PVA and PEG were mixed to make a membrane. The purpose of this study was to analyze the effectiveness of chitosan membranes as polluted well water filters. Twelve samples of water collected from the wells at a distance in range 10 meters from the river aseptically. Then the water was filtered using the membrane that varies 1, 2, 3, 4 mm thickness. This research compared the water quality before and after filtered by membrane. Temperature, Total Dissolved Solid (TDS), pH, Dissolved oxygen, Dissolved CO2 and bacterial presence parameters were measured. The result show that chitosan membrane with 4 mm thickness had the most effective membrane to filter and provide the best water quality.
Isolation of Iindigenous arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) to support revegetation on the nickel post-mining land
Authors: Prayudyaningsih R , Sari R , Mangopang A D 
Published: September 2019

Abstract
The revegetation on the nickel post-mining area requires symbiotic associations with mycorrhizal fungi to support the plant growth because it faces major obstacles of harsh soil condition. The study was conducted to identify the AMF status on the nickel post-mining land and its association with pioneer plant roots. Soil and root sampling werewas collected on 4 type areas of nickel post-mining land i.e TR (top soil + revegetation), TNR (top soil + no revegetation), NTR (no top soil + revegetation) and NTNR (no top soil + no revegetation) to determine spore density, soil chemical properties and AMF colonization. The results showed that the nickel mining activities interfere in soil fertility and soil microbial population. It was denoted by lack available nutrient and low AMF diversity. Population of AMF only 7 – 83 spore per gram soil. Glomus or Acaulospora is dominating genus in each area. However, AMF occurrence is a vital to help the pioneer plants growth. It was proven by 163 species of pioneer plants that colonize nickel post-mining land associated with the AMF in their root system. Grass species have highest AMF colonization level. Therefore, inoculation of AMF indigenous isolate is needed as an intervention ion post-mining reclamation effort, so the possibility of symbiosis between plant roots and AMF becomes increasing. Eventually the development of natural plants will be accelerated to catalytic the natural succession process.
Natural growing site and cultivation of Pongamia (Pongamia Pinnata (L.) Pierre) as a source of biodiesel raw materials
Authors: Aminah A , Syamsuwida D 
Published: September 2019

Abstract
Pongamia (Pongamia pinnata (L.) Pierre) is one of biodiesel source raw material plants. Natural site conditions and an appropriate planting technique of this species are necessary to be investigated. The purpose of this study was to assess the quality of natural growing site and the cultivation of pongamia through the plantation of seedlings based on provenances. The seedlings were originated from 5 different populations of Java Island. Soil was sampled at each location to determine the rate of soil fertility in natural habitat compared to soil sample at cultivation site. The plantation was carried out in Parungpanjang Research Forest with spacing of 3 m x 3 m. Characteristics of growth observed up to 6 months old were total height, stem base diameter, seedling survival percentage and leaf number. The results showed that pongamia in Java grows in less fertile natural habitats. The initial growth of pongamia provenance test in Parungpanjang showed that seedlings from Carita had the best growth of height (83.75 cm) and diameter (0.85 cm). Pongamia was able to adapt to the environmental conditions which are different from its natural conditions, indicated by the high percentage of survival i.e ranging from 88% (Kebumen) to 100% (Batukaras).
The Effect of Sieve Mesh Size for Trema(Trema orientalis Linn. Blume) Seed Selection to Its Seed Viability and Seedling Growth
Authors: Yuniarti N , Nurhasybi  
Published: September 2019

Abstract
Trema (Trema orientalis Linn. Blume) is a potential multipurpose tree species belongs to Cannabaceae, that can be used for producing biomass energy, light construction, charcoal and herbal medicine. In relation to the seed procurement, the objective of this research is to find out the effect of sieve mesh size for seed selection of trema to seed viability and seedling growth. The research design used completely random design with treatments of (1) control (without using sieve mesh), (2) 1.18 mm in size of sieve mesh, (3) and 1.70 mm in size of sieve mesh. Every treatment contains 4 replications. The observed parameters were of Germination Percentage (GP), Germination Rate (GR), seedling height and seedling diameter. The results of this research indicated : (1) the sieve mesh size has been significantly influence the GP, GR, seedling height and seedling diameter, (2)1.70 mm in size of sieve mesh was the best method for seed selection of trema, with the average of 83% in GP, 4.2391 %/etmal in SG, 13.6 cm for seedling height and 2.1 mm in seedling diameter.
Role of watering interval and media composition on the growth of exotic fast growing species on coal mining soil
Authors: Agus C , Anggari P E , Faridah E , Wulandari D , Suginingsih  , Ratnaningrum Y W N , Winarni W W , Lestari T , Sunaryo Y , Pertiwiningrum A , Napitupulu R P , Primananda E 
Published: September 2019

Abstract
Open mining of non-renewable energy from coal in tropical regions causes land degradation, temperature stress, water stress, high acidity, aluminum toxicity, and other poor soil characteristics. Kranji (Pongamia pinnata)) is an exotic fast-growing species whose tolerance to drought conditions and marginal soils are potential for the revegetation of degraded areas. This research aimed to analyze the effect of coal mining media, watering interval, and their interaction on the growth of kranji seedlings. This research was conducted in October 2015 with a 4-months observations period. The research used a completely randomized factorial design comprising soil media and watering interval. Three soil media treatments comprising secondary forest soil, disposal, and overburden in coal mining media were performed in PT Berau Coal, Berau, East Kalimantan. The watering interval was every 3 and 7 days. Organic pot made from leaf litter was used as basic treatment in this research, and kranji seedlings were obtained from Banyuwangi Protected Forest. The total chlorophyll, height, diameter, shoot dry weight, root dry weight, and top/root ratio parameters were measured. Soil media and watering interval significantly affected the height, shoot dry weight, and top/root ratio of kranji seedlings. The interaction between watering interval and soil media was not significant for all parameters. P. pinnata was tolerance to drought and poor nutrient of post-coal mining soil. Exotic fast-growing species of P. pinnata is suitable for the rehabilitation of post-coal mining land in tropical regions.
Application of glyocompost for propagation of Anthurium clones
Authors: Kurniati R , Febryanti E 
Published: September 2019

Abstract
Reduction of chemical application for disease control is important to reduce environmental pollution. An environmental friendly alternative was used Glyocompost. Glyocompost is medium with double functions, there were fungicide and fertilizer. The objectives of the study was to find out best composition of glyocompost and bamboo moss in media for propagation anthurium clones. Anthurium clone “CC” was clone from breeding programme as materials. CC was crossing of Anthurium cv. Cromosum x Anthurium cv. Castano. The composition of media were 1: 18, 1:19, 1: 20 and 1:21 as treatment to apply in CC clones. The parameter observation were plant height, total number of leaves, leaves length, leaves width and total number of shoots. The best composition of glyocompost was obtained 1:19 (glyocompost : bamboo) for leaves width and leaves length. The best of total number of shoots were obtained by composition media 1: 18. While, all treatments were not significantly different for leaves length and total number of leaves. Glyocompost was also accelerated blooming in anthurium clones.
Population genetic structure and diversity of a critically endangared Ramin [Gonystylus bancanus Miq.(Kurz), Thymelaeaceae] from Kalimantan and Sumatra based on Sequence Random Amplified Polymorphism
Authors: Yulita K S , Rahmat H H 
Published: September 2019

Abstract

Gonystylus bancanus (Miq.) Kurz (Thymelaceae) or ramin is an important species producing valuable timber. The existence of this species has now under severe threat due to illegal logging and habitat conversion. Ramin is found only on peat swamp forests, scatteredly distributed in Peninsular Malaysia, Sumatra, and Borneo. Genetic diversity of ramin in the Malesian region has been studied previously for Sumatran populations as well as East and West of Malaysian populations. This present study aimed to determine the genetic diversity and population structures of ramin from Sumatra and Kalimantan using Sequence Random Amplified Polymorphism (SRAP). Five combinations of SRAP primers used to amplify seventy seven samples of ramin from eight populations. Eighty-three putative loci of SRAP were scored and analysed using Popgene and MVSP software. Among eight populations studied, NPL were ranged between 14 – 68 with PPL varied at 16.87 – 81.93%. Number of observed alleles and effective allele numbers were ranged between 1.17 – 1.76 and 1.13 – 1.36 respectively. The lowest gene diversity was accounted for population 2 (He = 0.08) while the highest gene diversity was population 7 and 8 (He = 0.22). The Sumatran and Kalimantan populations were genetically structured at medium level (Gst = 0.25). The pairwise genetic distance among Sumatran and Kalimantan population was considered low (0.04-0.07), and is between Sumatran populations (0.01 – 0.17). The results from this study can be used as an essential information to design conservation strategy for ramin in Indonesia.