bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Frailty as an instrument for evaluation of elderly patients with non-ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction: A follow-up after more than 5 years
Authors: Ekerstad Niklas , Pettersson Staffan , Alexander Karen , Andersson David , Eriksson Sofia , Janzon Magnus , Lindenberger Marcus , Swahn Eva , Alfredsson Joakim 
Published: September 2018

Background There is a growing body of evidence on the relevance of using frailty measures also in a cardiovascular context. The estimated time to death is crucial in clinical decision-making in cardiology. However, data on the importance of frailty in long-term mortality are very scarce. The aim of the study was to assess the prognostic value of frailty on mortality at long-term follow-up of more than 5 years in patients 75 years or older hospitalised for non-ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction. We hypothesised that frailty is independently associated with long-term mortality. Design This was a prospective, observational study conducted at three centres. Methods and results Frailty was assessed according to the Canadian Study of Health and Aging clinical frailty scale (CFS). Of 307 patients, 149 (48.5%) were considered frail according to the study instrument (degree 5–7 on the scale). The long-term all-cause mortality of more than 5 years (median 6.7 years) was significantly higher among frail patients (128, 85.9%) than non-frail patients (85, 53.8%), ( P < 0.001). In Cox regression analysis, frailty was independently associated with mortality from the index hospital admission to the end of follow-up (hazard ratio 2.06, 95% confidence interval 1.51–2.81; P < 0.001) together with age ( P < 0.001), ejection fraction ( P = 0.012) and Charlson comorbidity index ( P = 0.018). Conclusions In elderly non-ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction patients, frailty was independently associated with all-cause mortality at long-term follow-up of more than 6 years. The combined use of frailty and comorbidity may be the ultimate risk prediction concept in the context of cardiovascular patients with complex needs.
Functional evaluation of early tendon transfer for foot drop
Authors: Lingaiah Purushotham , Jaykumar Kameshwaran , Sural Sumit , Dhal Anil 
Published: September 2018

Aim: Early tendon transfer has shown good outcomes in peripheral nerve injuries of upper limb. However, there is lack of knowledge on early tendon transfer for peripheral nerve palsy in lower limb. This study has been designed to study the functional outcomes of early tendon transfer in the lower limb, particularly for foot drop. Patients and Methods: We enrolled 30 cases of foot drop due to traumatic sciatic/common peroneal nerve (CPN) palsy between September 2012 and March 2016. We performed nerve exploration with repair and early tendon transfer in all patients. All patients were followed up for a minimum period of 24 months. Functional evaluation was carried out using Stanmore assessment questionnaire. Results: At the end of 24 months postoperatively, the Stanmore assessment questionnaire score showed a significant improvement from a mean preoperative score of 17.5 to mean postoperative score of 86.2. All patients were free of ankle–foot orthosis (AFO). All patients were subjectively satisfied. Time to return to original job was 5.2 months on an average. Ankle dorsiflexion of the operated limb was comparable to the normal limb in cases where there was nerve recovery. Planovalgus foot, a known complication of this procedure, was noted in 24 patients. However, it was not disabling to any patient. Conclusion: Early tendon transfer in CPN palsy/sciatic nerve palsy has a definite place in the management of the injured patient. The transfer, if appropriately carried out, acts as a helper, an internal splint, a substitute, or perhaps all of the three at varying times in the rehabilitative phase of the patient. Dorsiflexor clearance in swing phase of locomotion was quickly restored in all patients, obviating the need for AFO.
Hyper-N-glycosylated SAMD14 and neurabin-I as driver autoantigens of primary central nervous system lymphoma
Authors: Thurner Lorenz , Preuss Klaus-Dieter , Bewarder Moritz , Kemele Maria , Fadle Natalie , Regitz Evi , Altmeyer Sarah , Schormann Claudia , Poeschel Viola , Ziepert Marita , Walter Silke , Roth Patrick , Weller Michael , Szczepanowski Monika , Klapper Wolfram , Monoranu Camelia , Rosenwald Andreas , Möller Peter , Hartmann Sylvia , Hansmann Martin-Leo , Mackensen Andreas , Schäfer Henning , Schorb Elisabeth , Illerhaus Gerald , Buslei Rolf , Bohle Rainer Maria , Stilgenbauer Stephan , Kim Yoo-Jin , Pfreundschuh Michael 
Published: September 2018

Abstract
To address the role of chronic antigenic stimulation in primary central nervous system lymphoma (PCNSL), we searched for autoantigens and identified sterile α-motif domain containing protein 14 (SAMD14) and neural tissue-specific F-actin binding protein I (neurabin-I) as autoantigenic targets of the B-cell receptors (BCRs) from 8/12 PCNSLs. In the respective cases, SAMD14 and neurabin-I were atypically hyper-N-glycosylated (SAMD14 at ASN339 and neurabin-I at ASN1277), explaining their autoimmunogenicity. SAMD14 and neurabin-I induced BCR pathway activation and proliferation of aggressive lymphoma cell lines transfected with SAMD14- and neurabin-I-reactive BCRs. Moreover, the BCR binding epitope of neurabin-I conjugated to truncated Pseudomonas exotoxin-killed lymphoma cells expressing the respective BCRs. These results support the role of chronic antigenic stimulation by posttranslationally modified central nervous system (CNS) driver autoantigens in the pathogenesis of PCNSL, serve as an explanation for their CNS tropism, and provide the basis for a novel specific treatment approach.
RETRACTED ARTICLE: Knockdown long non-coding RNA ANRIL inhibits proliferation, migration and invasion of HepG2 cells by down-regulation of miR-191
Authors: Huang Deyu , Bi Chunhua , Zhao Qingxi , Ding Xueli , Bian Cheng , Wang Hui , Wang Ting , Liu Hua 
Published: September 2018

Abstract
Background
Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is a common malignant tumor with high fatality rate. Recent studies reported that up-regulation of long non-coding RNA antisense non-coding RNA in the INK4 locus (lncRNA ANRIL) was found in HCC tissues, and which could affect HCC cells biological processes. However, the potential molecular mechanism of ANRIL in HCC is still unclear. The study aimed to uncover the effect of ANRIL on HepG2 cells growth, migration and invasion.

Methods
The knockdown expression vectors of ANRIL were transfected into HepG2 cells, and qRT-PCR, CCK-8, flow cytometry, Transwell and western blot assays were performed to analyze the effect of ANRIL on cell proliferation, apoptosis, migration and invasion. The relative expression of miR-191 was then examined in ANRIL knockdown vector transfected cells. These experiments were repeated again for exploring the effect of miR-191 on HepG2 cells. NF-κB and Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathways were examined by using western blot assay.

Results
Knockdown of ANRIL inhibited proliferation, induced apoptosis, meanwhile suppressed migration and invasion of HepG2 cells. Additionally, the results showed that the expression level of miR-191 was down-regulated by ANRIL knockdown in HepG2 cells. Importantly, overexpression of miR-191 reversed the anti-tumor effect of ANRIL on cell proliferation, apoptosis, migration and invasion in HepG2 cells. Besides, we found that ANRIL knockdown inactivated NF-κB and Wnt/β-catenin pathways by regulating miR-191.

Conclusions
These data demonstrated that ANRIL knockdown suppressed proliferation, migration, invasion, and promoted apoptosis in HepG2 cells by down-regulating miR-191 and inactivating NF-κB and Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathways.
Timing of onset of lithium relapse prevention in bipolar disorder: evidence from randomised trials
Authors: Taylor Matthew J. 
Published: September 2018

SummaryLithium is widely prescribed, but the timing of key effects remains uncertain. The timing of onset of its relapse prevention effects is clarified by placebo-controlled randomised trials (3 studies, n = 1120). Lithium reduced relapse into any mood episode over the first 2 weeks of treatment (hazard ratio 0.40, 95% CI 0.16–0.97). Fewer manic relapses were evident within the first 4 weeks, however, early effects on depressive relapse were not demonstrated. There is an early onset of lithium relapse prevention effects in bipolar disorder, particularly against manic relapse. Full effects against depressive relapse may develop over a longer period.Declaration of interestM.J.T. reports personal fees from Sunovion, Otsuka, Lundbeck, outside the submitted work.
Repeated oral ketamine for out-patient treatment of resistant depression: randomised, double-blind, placebo-controlled, proof-of-concept study
Authors: Domany Yoav , Bleich-Cohen Maya , Tarrasch Ricardo , Meidan Roi , Litvak-Lazar Olga , Stoppleman Nadav , Schreiber Shaul , Bloch Miki , Hendler Talma , Sharon Haggai 
Published: September 2018

BackgroundKetamine has been demonstrated to improve depressive symptoms.AimsEvaluation of efficacy, safety and feasibility of repeated oral ketamine for out-patients with treatment-resistant depression (TRD).MethodIn a randomised, double-blind, placebo-controlled, proof-of-concept trial, 41 participants received either 1 mg/kg oral ketamine or placebo thrice weekly for 21 days (ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier: NCT02037503). Evaluation was performed at baseline, 40 and 240 min post administration and on days 3, 7, 14 and 21. The main outcome measure was change in Montgomery–Åsberg Depression Rating Scale (MADRS).ResultsTwenty-two participants were randomised to the ketamine group, and 19 to the control, with 82.5% (n = 33) completing the study. In the ketamine group, a decrease in depressive symptoms was evident at all time points, whereas in the control group a decrease was evident only 40 min post administration. The reduction in MADRS score on day 21 was 12.75 in the ketamine group versus 2.49 points with placebo (P < 0.001). Six participants in the ketamine group (27.3%) achieved remission compared with none of the controls (P < 0.05). The number needed to treat for remission was 3.7. Side-effects were mild and transient.ConclusionsRepeated oral ketamine produced rapid and persistent amelioration of depressive symptoms in out-patients with TRD, and was well tolerated. These results suggest that add-on oral ketamine may hold significant promise in the care of patients suffering from TRD in the community.Declaration of interestNone.
Effect of Hypoglycemia on Inflammatory Responses and the Response to Low-Dose Endotoxemia in Humans
Authors: Iqbal Ahmed , Prince Lynne R , Novodvorsky Peter , Bernjak Alan , Thomas Mark R , Birch Lewis , Lambert Danielle , Kay Linda J , Wright Fiona J , Macdonald Ian A , Jacques Richard M , Storey Robert F , McCrimmon Rory J , Francis Sheila , Heller Simon R , Sabroe Ian 
Published: September 2018

Abstract

Context
Hypoglycemia is emerging as a risk for cardiovascular events in diabetes. We hypothesized that hypoglycemia activates the innate immune system, which is known to increase cardiovascular risk.

Objective
To determine whether hypoglycemia modifies subsequent innate immune system responses.

Design and Setting
Single-blinded, prospective study of three independent parallel groups.

Participants and Interventions
Twenty-four healthy participants underwent either a hyperinsulinemic-hypoglycemic (2.5 mmol/L), euglycemic (6.0 mmol/L), or sham-saline clamp (n = 8 for each group). After 48 hours, all participants received low-dose (0.3 ng/kg) intravenous endotoxin.

Main Outcome Measures
We studied in-vivo monocyte mobilization and monocyte-platelet interactions.

Results
Hypoglycemia increased total leukocytes (9.98 ± 1.14 × 109/L vs euglycemia 4.38 ± 0.53 × 109/L, P &lt; 0.001; vs sham-saline 4.76 ± 0.36 × 109/L, P &lt; 0.001) (mean ± SEM), mobilized proinflammatory intermediate monocytes (42.20 ± 7.52/μL vs euglycemia 20.66 ± 3.43/μL, P &lt; 0.01; vs sham-saline 26.20 ± 3.86/μL, P &lt; 0.05), and nonclassic monocytes (36.16 ± 4.66/μL vs euglycemia 12.72 ± 2.42/μL, P &lt; 0.001; vs sham-saline 19.05 ± 3.81/μL, P &lt; 0.001). Following hypoglycemia vs euglycemia, platelet aggregation to agonist (area under the curve) increased (73.87 ± 7.30 vs 52.50 ± 4.04, P &lt; 0.05) and formation of monocyte-platelet aggregates increased (96.05 ± 14.51/μL vs 49.32 ± 6.41/μL, P &lt; 0.05). Within monocyte subsets, hypoglycemia increased aggregation of intermediate monocytes (10.51 ± 1.42/μL vs euglycemia 4.19 ± 1.08/μL, P &lt; 0.05; vs sham-saline 3.81± 1.42/μL, P &lt; 0.05) and nonclassic monocytes (9.53 ± 1.08/μL vs euglycemia 2.86 ± 0.72/μL, P &lt; 0.01; vs sham-saline 3.08 ± 1.01/μL, P &lt; 0.05), with platelets compared with controls. Hypoglycemia led to greater leukocyte mobilization in response to subsequent low-dose endotoxin challenge (10.96 ± 0.97 vs euglycemia 8.21 ± 0.85 × 109/L, P &lt; 0.05).

Conclusions
Hypoglycemia mobilizes monocytes, increases platelet reactivity, promotes interaction between platelets and proinflammatory monocytes, and potentiates the subsequent immune response to endotoxin. These changes may contribute to increased cardiovascular risk observed in people with diabetes.
Associations of vomiting and antiemetic use in pregnancy with levels of circulating GDF15 early in the second trimester: A nested case-control study
Authors: Petry Clive J. , Ong Ken K. , Burling Keith A. , Barker Peter , Goodburn Sandra F. , Perry John R.B. , Acerini Carlo L. , Hughes Ieuan A. , Painter Rebecca C. , Afink Gijs B. , Dunger David B. , O'Rahilly Stephen 
Published: September 2018

Background: Although nausea and vomiting are very common in pregnancy, their pathogenesis is poorly understood. We tested the hypothesis that circulating growth and differentiation factor 15 (GDF15) concentrations in early pregnancy, whose gene is implicated in hyperemesis gravidarum, are associated with nausea and vomiting. Methods: Blood samples for the measurement of GDF15 and human chorionic gonadotrophin (hCG) concentrations were obtained early in the second trimester (median 15.1 (interquartile range 14.4-15.7) weeks) of pregnancy from 791 women from the Cambridge Baby Growth Study, a prospective pregnancy and birth cohort. During each trimester participants completed a questionnaire which included questions about nausea, vomiting and antiemetic use. Associations with pre-pregnancy body mass indexes (BMI) were validated in 231 pregnant NIPTeR Study participants. Results: Circulating GDF15 concentrations were higher in women reporting vomiting in the second trimester than in women reporting no pregnancy nausea or vomiting: 11,581 (10,977-12,219) (n=175) vs. 10,593 (10,066-11,147) (n=193) pg/mL, p=0.02). In women who took antiemetic drugs during pregnancy (n=11) the GDF15 levels were also raised 13,157 (10,558-16,394) pg/mL (p =0.04). Serum GFD15 concentrations were strongly positively correlated with hCG levels but were inversely correlated with maternal BMIs, a finding replicated in the NIPTeR Study. Conclusions: Week 15 serum GDF15 concentrations are positively associated with second trimester vomiting and maternal antiemetic use in pregnancy. Given GDF15’s site of action in the chemoreceptor trigger zone of the brainstem and its genetic associations with hyperemesis gravidarum, these data support the concept that GDF15 may be playing a pathogenic role in pregnancy-associated vomiting.
An Inverse Optimal Stopping Problem for Diffusion Processes
Authors: Kruse Thomas , Strack Philipp 
Published: September 2018

Let X be a one-dimensional diffusion and let g be a real-valued function depending on time and the value of X. This article analyzes the inverse optimal stopping problem of finding a time-dependent real-valued function π depending only on time such that a given stopping time τ⋆ is a solution of the stopping problem [Formula: see text]. Under regularity and monotonicity conditions, there exists such a transfer π if and only if τ⋆ is the first time when X exceeds a time-dependent barrier b. We prove uniqueness of the solution π and derive a closed form representation. The representation is based on an auxiliary process that is a version of the original diffusion X reflected at b towards the continuation region. The results lead to a new integral equation characterizing the stopping boundary b of the stopping problem [Formula: see text].
The media
Authors: Russell Annelise , McCombs Maxwell 
Published: September 2018

Mass media effects in political science are well known — including campaign communications, priming effects, and the media's role in social and cultural shifts. But what is not so clear is how the actions of media outlets and the actors within these institutions affect governance. In the last 20 years, scholars in public policy and political institutions have begun to better understand the role of media in our governing systems and what that means for how we attend to and make policy across numerous types of political systems and institutional venues. For too long public policy has lagged in its understanding of the media as a political institution with real implications for how we process and implement policy. We argue studies of public policy can benefit from a broadened, integrative approach toward studying the media and the policy process. That approach includes the role of new media and research on social media that can be applied to the policy process. Continued research on the media and policy should include better integration of media and policy studies with those of mass publics and encourage greater communication and collaboration between media and policy scholarship.
BIFUNCTIONAL SYNTHETIC BINDINGS AS ALTERNATIVE FOR THE BEZFORMALDEHYDE PRODUCTION OF WOOD PLATE MATERIALS
Authors: Катраков (Katrakov) Игорь (Igor) Борисович (Borisovich) , Маркин (Markin) Вадим (Vadim) Иванович (Ivanovich) , Колосов (Kolosov) Петр (Petr) Владимирович (Vladimirovich) 
Published: September 2018

The paper presents the results of experiments on the production of wood board materials without the use of formaldehyde-containing resins. As the initial samples used sawdust of pine wood without and using cavitation pretreatment in a neutral medium. Bifunctional synthetic substances were selected as binders: phthalic and maleic acids and their anhydrides, glycols-ethylene glycol and butanediol-1,4, as well as equimolar two-component mixtures based on them with a concentration of 5-15%. The resulting presses were hot-formed at a temperature of 160 °C and a pressure of 10 MPa. As a result of the experiment, wood-based board materials of medium density with bending strength 11.0–46.0 MPa, water absorption for 24 hours – 1–115% and swelling in thickness over 24 hours – 3–100% are obtained. The most beneficial is the use of a 5% concentration of binders satisfying the standard. Cavitated pre-treatment of plant raw materials allows to increase the strength characteristics by 1.3 times. Samples with the best physicomechanical indexes are obtained when maleic acid and its anhydride are used as a binder and their mixtures with glycols. In IR spectroscopy it was determined that the main bonds forming the mesh structure of plate materials are ester ones.Thus, under the selected molding conditions, plate-free plate materials based on bifunctional synthetic binders with high environmental and physico-mechanical properties are obtained.
Les classifications du vieillissement
Authors: Marchand Isabelle , Quéniart Anne , Charpentier Michèle 
Published: September 2018

L’objectif de cet article vise à confronter les classifications savantes relatives à la vieillesse aux représentations sociales du vieillissement de femmes âgées de 65 ans et plus. En utilisant la théorie des classifications interactives de Hacking (2006), nous chercherons à cerner de quelle manière les classifications de l’âge, de l’activité et de la fragilité résonne dans les représentations du vieillissement de femmes aînées, interrogées dans le cadre d’une récente recherche qualitative. Les interactions entre ces deux dimensions catégorielles s’expriment en termes de résistance face à la catégorie « femmes aînées/âgées ». La notion de l’activité est utilisée tant pour réfuter la vieillesse que pour assurer cette « continuité de soi » et son engagement dans la vie malgré le processus de fragilisation vécu.
Viriathe est là : quand le héros antique s’invite dans le présent
Authors: Neves Manuel 
Published: September 2018

Les sources gréco-romaines nous racontent le récit de Viriathe, chef lusitanien qui a mis à mal plusieurs légions romaines en Hispanie. Stratège et homme de valeurs, il est érigé au rang de héros national par le Portugal à partir du XVème siècle. Beaucoup plus récemment, un hameau de l’intérieur montagneux du pays s’affiche comme ayant des liens traditionnels avec lui. De manière autonome, l’ensemble de la collectivité construit, valorise et exhibe avec fierté son lien avec Viriathe. Il s’agit ici de rendre compte de l’ensemble des stratégies d’appropriation mises en place dans le renforcement du lien identitaire et sa patrimonialisation.
Rodzaje aukcji na wytwarzanie energii elektrycznej z odnawialnych źródeł energii w świetle przepisów ustawy o odnawialnych źródłach energii
Authors: Kosiński Eryk , Trupkiewicz Marcin 
Published: September 2018

After an analysis of certain legal texts, the authors have established that under Polish law the President of the Energy Regulatory Offi ce may conduct 56 diff erent types of auctions for generators of the electric energy from renewable sources (RSE). For each individual RSE installation complying with the RES parameters a separate auction may be carried. One RSE installation may take part in several RSE auctions provided it satisﬁ es the parameters of each individual installation. These parameters concern both the premises connected with the start-up process (the commencement of the production of electric energy) of a given installation and the premises of technical nature such as carbon dioxide emission or the level of the installation capacity used, as well as premises of a subjective character regarding individual producers participating in the auction. A detailed analysis of all types of RSE auctions described in the Act of 20 February 2015 on renewable sources of energy allows to determine which types of installation may take part in individual actions. However, of key importance from the point of view of the possibility of a RSE auction to be carried are secondary regulations which allow the Council of Ministers to determine individual types of RSE auctions in which the volume of energy, subject of the auction, will be made available. Consequently the Council of Ministers which runs the State policy within the area of RSE has become essentially responsible not only for the possibility of conducting an RSE auction, but also for the implementation of the EU climate and energy policy which is also binding upon Poland.