bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Echocardiographic strain in hypertrophic cardiomyopathy and hypertensive left ventricular hypertrophy
Authors: Sun Jing‐Ping , Xu Ting‐Yan , Ni Xian‐Da , Yang Xing‐Sheng , Hu Jun‐Li , Wang Shao‐Chun , Li Yan , Bahler Robert C. , Wang Ji‐Guang 
Published: December 2018

BackgroundThe myocardial structure differs between secondary left ventricular hypertrophy (LVH) and hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (HCM). We investigated left ventricular function of these two types of hypertrophy using multilayer strain analysis with two‐dimensional echocardiography.MethodsTransthoracic echocardiography (Vivid‐E9) was performed in 240 patients with preserved left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF ≥50%) and with either HCM (n = 80, 63 men, age 49.8 ± 14.1 years), hypertensive LVH (n = 80, 63 men, age 51.4 ± 13.3 years) or normal blood pressure and left ventricular structure (n = 80, 63 men, 50.8 ± 12.4 years). Quantitative multilayer longitudinal strain (LS), circumferential strain (CS), and radial strain (RS) were analyzed. The ratio of endo‐/epi‐myocardial strain was calculated.ResultsLongitudinal strain was significantly (P < 0.001) lower in HCM patients than normal controls (15.2 ± 4.2% vs 23.1 ± 2.7%), especially in hypertrophic segments (14.5 ± 4.4% vs 17.2 ± 3.2% in nonhypertrophic segments, P < 0.01). LS was lower in patients with hypertensive LVH, similarly in all left ventricular segments (20.7 ± 3.7%, P < 0.001 vs controls). CS was lower in the mid‐ and epicardium (P < 0.01), but not endocardium in HCM (P = 0.4), and preserved in all myocardial layers in hypertensive LVH. The endo‐/epi‐myocardial ratios of both LS and CS were higher in HCM than hypertensive LVH (P < 0.01). RS was higher (P < 0.01) in HCM than hypertensive LVH and controls. Endocardial CS and global RS were correlated with LVEF (r ≥ 0.32, P < 0.01).ConclusionsHypertrophic cardiomyopathy patients had marked reductions in LS and CS, whereas patients with hypertensive LVH had less reduction in LS and preserved CS. The increased endo‐/epi‐myocardial ratios of LS and CS may be useful in differentiating HCM from hypertensive LVH.
Pyramids and cascades: a synthesis of food chain functioning and stability
Authors: Barbier Matthieu , Loreau Michel 
Published: December 2018

AbstractFood chain theory is one of the cornerstones of ecology, providing many of its basic predictions, such as biomass pyramids, trophic cascades and predator–prey oscillations. Yet, ninety years into this theory, the conditions under which these patterns may occur and persist in nature remain subject to debate. Rather than address each pattern in isolation, we propose that they must be understood together, calling for synthesis in a fragmented landscape of theoretical and empirical results. As a first step, we propose a minimal theory that combines the long‐standing energetic and dynamical approaches of food chains. We chart theoretical predictions on a concise map, where two main regimes emerge: across various functioning and stability metrics, one regime is characterised by pyramidal patterns and the other by cascade patterns. The axes of this map combine key physiological and ecological variables, such as metabolic rates and self‐regulation. A quantitative comparison with data sheds light on conflicting theoretical predictions and empirical puzzles, from size spectra to causes of trophic cascade strength. We conclude that drawing systematic connections between various existing approaches to food chains, and between their predictions on functioning and stability, is a crucial step in confronting this theory to real ecosystems.
Association between non‐high‐density lipoprotein cholesterol levels and the prevalence of asymptomatic extracranial internal carotid artery stenosis in a Chinese community‐based study
Authors: Wu J. , Wang Y. , Wang A. , Jia J. , Wang X. , Zhao X. 
Published: December 2018

Background and purposeExtracranial internal carotid artery thromboembolism is one major cause of ischaemic stroke and the predictive value of non‐high‐density lipoprotein cholesterol (non‐HDLC) is superior to low‐density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDLC). This study aimed to assess the association between non‐HDLC levels and the prevalence of asymptomatic extracranial internal carotid artery stenosis (EICAS) as well as the predictive value of non‐HDLC over LDLC on EICAS presence.MethodsThe Asymptomatic Polyvascular Abnormalities Community study is a subset of the Kailuan study emphasizing asymptomatic polyvascular abnormalities in Chinese adults. A total of 5351 participants, aged ≥40, without history of cardiovascular disease were enrolled in this study. Carotid duplex ultrasonography was carried out for the detection of EICAS.ResultsOf the 5351 patients, 2.5% (131/5351) were diagnosed with EICAS (stenosis ≥50%). Univariate analysis showed that non‐HDLC is an independent indicator for asymptomatic EICAS [odds ratio (OR) 1.49, 95% confidence interval (CI) 1.17–1.91]; the same result was reached in multivariate analysis after adjustment for confounding factors (OR 1.32, 95% CI 1.00–1.75), especially for people with hypertension (OR 1.52, 95% CI 1.11–2.08), whilst non‐HDLC failed to show better predictive value of EICAS than LDLC (OR 1.45, 95% CI 1.02–2.05).ConclusionsNon‐HDLC is an independent risk factor for EICAS prevalence, especially for hypertension patients. Although the predictive value of non‐HDLC was no better than LDLC on EICAS presence, non‐HDLC is still a powerful atherogenic factor and potential therapeutic target for EICAS.
Prevalence of atrial fibrillation and associated anticoagulant therapy in the nonagenarian population of the Community of Madrid, Spain
Authors: Lahoz Carlos , Cardenas Juan , Salinero‐Fort Miguel Á , Mostaza José M 
Published: December 2018

AimsThe objective of the present study was to evaluate the prevalence of atrial fibrillation (AF) in nonagenarians living in the Community of Madrid, their clinical features, the use of anticoagulant therapy and factors associated with its use.MethodsThis was a cross‐sectional study of 59 423 individuals aged ≥90 years, living in the Community of Madrid on 31 December 2015. Clinical information was obtained from a database that includes information from electronic medical records collected by 3881 general practitioners in primary care.ResultsSome 16.95% of nonagenarians (n = 10 077) were diagnosed with atrial fibrillation. These individuals have a higher prevalence of classic risk factors and established cardiovascular disease, as well as higher comorbidity. Of these, 67.6% received anticoagulant therapy, 27.9% received antiplatelet agents and 7.2% received both treatments simultaneously. Of the participants administered anticoagulation, 11.6% received a direct oral anticoagulant. The use of anticoagulant therapy was associated with a younger age, the presence of heart failure or venous thromboembolism, the absence of hypertension, a higher Barthel Index score, a greater number of prescribed drugs, a higher body mass index and a lower Charlson Comorbidity Index score.ConclusionsNonagenarians with atrial fibrillation have a high risk of stroke; however, high comorbidity and functional impairment have limited the use of anticoagulant therapy. Geriatr Gerontol Int 2019; 19: 203–207.
Synthesis and properties of ferrimagnetic glass‐ceramics and glass fibers derived from pyrite slag
Authors: Liu Jianan , Zhu Chaofeng , Zhang Meimei , Yang Xuena 
Published: December 2018

AbstractFerrimagnetic nano‐crystal glass‐ceramics and glass fibers were prepared based on the ferrosilicate glass system of SiO2–Fe2O3–B2O3–Al2O3 using large amount of pyrite slag (PS) and small quantities of pure chemicals. Two different fabrication methods were employed, eg, annealing and fiber‐drawing method, without performing any nucleation and crystallization heat treatments. The influence of PS content on the magnetite spontaneous crystallization is investigated by the X‐ray diffraction, FTIR, SEM, and TEM. The X‐ray diffraction patterns show the presence of nanometric magnetite crystals in glass matrix. The ferrimagnetic glass fibers with a diameter of about 20 μm were one‐step drawn. The magnetic hysteresis loops of the glass‐ceramic and glass fiber samples were analyzed using a vibrating sample magnetometer (VSM). Electromagnetic parameters of samples were also examined.
Functional protein rich extracts from bovine and porcine hearts using acid or alkali solubilisation and isoelectric precipitation
Authors: Tsermoula Paraskevi , Virgili Claudia , Ortega Rodrigo G. , Mullen Anne M. , Álvarez Carlos , O'Brien Nora M. , O'Flaherty Elisabeth A. A. , O'Neill Eileen E. 
Published: December 2018

SummaryAlkali solubilisation (ALS) was compared with acid solubilisation (ACS) for preparation of protein rich extracts from bovine and porcine hearts. ACS and ALS recovered 51.53%–55.74% of the total protein from bovine and porcine hearts. All extracts were rich in myofibrillar proteins with both treatments resulting in reductions in fat, collagen and cholesterol contents compared with starting materials. At 0% NaCl, ACS and ALS extracts had good gelling properties with the ALS gels having lower % cook loss. While treatments did not affect gel hardness, ACS extracts formed gel networks with higher storage modulus after heating and cooling. At 2% NaCl gel hardness, % cook loss and storage modulus values increased, with greater increases occurring for ACS extracts. The results show that ALS‐ and ACS‐based processes have potential to produce functional ingredients for processed meat products.
Secondary traumatic stress experiences of nurses caring for cancer patients
Authors: Partlak Günüşen Neslihan , Üstün Besti , Serçekuş Ak Pınar , Büyükkaya Besen Dilek 
Published: December 2018

AbstractAimThe aim of this study was to explore secondary traumatic stress experiences of nurses caring for cancer patients.MethodsA qualitative descriptive approach was taken in the study. The team conducted semi‐structured in‐depth interviews with 13 oncology nurses. We evaluated the responses collected using content analysis.ResultsThree distinct themes emerged from the interviews: cycle of desperation, coping, and change.ConclusionBased on the results obtained, it is suggested that programs containing cognitive restructuring techniques be developed; peer support groups may enable senior nurses to guide inexperienced nurses.
Subclinical hypothyroidism during pregnancy: the Melbourne public hospitals consensus
Authors: Hamblin Peter S. , Sheehan Penelope M. , Allan Carolyn , Houlihan Christine A. , Lu Zhong X. , Forehan Simon P. , Topliss Duncan J. , Gilfillan Christopher , Krishnamurthy Bala , Renouf Debra , Sztal‐Mazer Shoshana , Varadarajan Suresh 
Published: December 2018

AbstractBackgroundInterest in potential adverse outcomes associated with maternal subclinical hypothyroidism (normal free T4, elevated thyroid‐stimulating hormone (TSH)) has increased significantly over recent years. In turn, the frequency of maternal thyroid function testing has risen, despite universal thyroid function screening not being recommended, leading to a marked increase in referrals to obstetric endocrinology clinics. In 2017 the American Thyroid Association revised their diagnostic and management guidelines. Although welcome, these new guidelines contain recommendations that may cause confusion in clinical practice.AimTo ensure uniform practice in the diagnosis and management of subclinical hypothyroidism in pregnancy across all Melbourne public hospitals.MethodsEndocrinology and obstetric representatives from all Melbourne public hospital networks reviewed the 2017 American Thyroid Association guidelines and other relevant literature to develop a consensus for diagnosing and treating subclinical hypothyroidism during pregnancy in Melbourne. The consensus guidelines were then referred to the Endocrine Society of Australia for comment and endorsement.ResultsConsensus was achieved and the guidelines were endorsed by the Council of the Endocrine Society of Australia. Trimester and assay‐specific TSH reference intervals derived from healthy local populations should be used, where available. When unavailable, a TSH cut‐off of 4 mU/L (replacing the previously recommended 2.5 mU/L) should be used to initiate treatment, irrespective of thyroid auto‐antibody status. The recommended starting dose of levothyroxine is 50 μg daily, with a therapeutic TSH target of 0.1–2.5 mU/L. Levothyroxine should generally be ceased after delivery, with some exceptions. Hospitals will ensure smooth transfer of care back to the woman’s general practitioner with clear documentation of pregnancy thyroid management and a recommended plan for follow‐up.ConclusionFewer women will be classified as having subclinical hypothyroidism during pregnancy, which is likely to lead to reductions in emotional stress, hospital visits, repeated blood tests and financial costs. Uniform clinical practice will occur across Melbourne.
Hybrid heuristic for the location‐inventory‐routing problem in closed‐loop supply chain
Authors: Yuchi Qunli , Wang Nengmin , He Zhengwen , Chen Haoxun 
Published: December 2018

AbstractThis study examines a location‐inventory‐routing problem in a closed‐loop supply chain (LIRP‐CL) that considers random demands, as well as random returns, from customers. In reality, some of the returned products can be remanufactured as new products, and they share the same channel with new products. This practice renders previous models no longer appropriate. We consider this practice in this paper and build a new LIRP‐CL system. To minimize the total costs of the system, this paper determines the locations of distribution centers and remanufacturing centers, the inventory level of the system, and the delivery routes from distribution centers to customers and from customers to remanufacturing centers. A mixed integer nonlinear model was developed to solve this problem. To solve the model, a novel hybrid heuristic algorithm based on tabu search and simulated annealing is proposed. The computational results and sensitivity analysis are presented. In addition, some managerial insights are proposed.
The mediating effect of coping styles and self‐efficacy between perceived stress and satisfaction with QOL in Chinese adolescents with type 1 diabetes
Authors: Yang Jundi , Guo Jia , Tang Yujia , Huang Lingling , Wiley James , Zhou Zhiguang , Whittemore Robin 
Published: December 2018

AbstractAims(a) To explore the effect of perceived stress on satisfaction with quality of life (QOL) among Chinese adolescents with type 1 diabetes (T1D); and (b) to determine if coping styles and self‐efficacy are mediators of the association between perceived stress and satisfaction with QOL.BackgroundAdolescents with T1D experience ongoing stress related to a complex treatment regimen and live with a condition that differentiates them from their peers. It is important to know how adolescents with T1D cope with the stress and what psychosocial attributes contribute to satisfaction with QOL.DesignCross‐sectional study.MethodsData were collected from a sample of adolescents with T1D (N = 90) who had enrolled in a randomized control trial (baseline data) and a supplemental sample of N = 59 adolescents with T1D was recruited from a diabetes clinic from January 2016 ‐ December 2016.ResultsThe mean age of the participants was 13.91 years (range 8–20 years), the mean diabetes duration was 4.02 years. Approximately one‐quarter of the sample exceeded the criterion score for perceived stress of 26, indicating stress sufficient to have a negative impact on physical and mental health. Adolescents with increased stress reported lower satisfaction with QOL compared with adolescents with less stress. Both externalization coping and self‐efficacy were the mediators of the relationship between perceived stress and satisfaction with QOL.ConclusionsMany Chinese adolescents with T1D reported elevated stress levels which was associated with decreased satisfaction with QOL. There is a need for culturally relevant interventions to improve coping by limiting the use of externalized coping styles and strengthening self‐efficacy.
Body mass index and the risk of acute pancreatitis by etiology: A prospective analysis of Korean National Screening Cohort
Authors: Choi Ja Sung , Yi Sang‐Wook , Park Jin Woo , Lee Sangheun , Jeong Seok‐Hoo , Yi Jee‐Jeon , Han Ki Jun 
Published: December 2018

AbstractBackgroundIt is unclear whether obesity increases the incidence of acute pancreatitis (AP) in the general population. Further, no study has prospectively examined the associations of the risk of AP by etiology with measured body mass index (BMI) values.MethodsA total of 512 928 Korean participants in routine health examinations during 2002–2003 were followed up until 2013 via linkage to national hospital discharge records to assess AP incidence. Multivariable‐adjusted hazard ratios were calculated using BMI measurements.ResultsDuring 10.5 mean years of follow‐up, 1656 persons developed AP (337 gallstone related and 1319 non‐gallstone related). Nonlinear associations were found: U‐curves for total and non‐gallstone‐related AP and a reverse L‐curve for gallstone‐related AP. Each 5 kg/m2 increment in BMI increased gallstone‐related AP by 123% (95% confidence interval = 48–234%) and non‐gallstone‐related AP by 42% (9–84%) in the range ≥ 25 kg/m2 (Pheterogeneity = 0.068). Obese persons had a doubled risk of gallstone‐related AP compared with normal‐weight persons. In the range < 25 kg/m2, BMI had inverse association with non‐gallstone‐related AP but no association with gallstone‐related AP (Pheterogeneity < 0.001). In subgroup analyses, for non‐gallstone‐related AP, hazard ratios per each 5 kg/m2 BMI increment were 0.50 (men), 0.73 (women), 0.46 (alcohol drinkers), 0.69 (alcohol non‐drinkers), 0.43 (ever smokers), and 0.73 (never smokers).ConclusionsGallstone‐related AP and non‐gallstone‐related AP have different nonlinear associations with BMI. Higher BMI increases the risk of both gallstone‐related AP and non‐gallstone‐related AP but more strongly for gallstone‐related AP. For non‐gallstone‐related AP, in the range < 25 kg/m2, BMI has inverse associations that were stronger in men, current alcohol drinkers, and ever smokers than in their counterparts.
Transitional care for patients with surgical pediatric hepatobiliary disease: Choledochal cysts and biliary atresia
Authors: Aspelund Gudrun , Mahdi Elaa M , Rothstein David H , Wakeman Derek S ,   on behalf of the American Academy of Pediatrics Section on Surgery's Delivery of Surgical Care Committee
Published: December 2018

AbstractCholedochal cysts (CDCs) and biliary atresia (BA) are rare pediatric hepatobiliary anomalies that require surgical intervention due to increased risk of malignancy and liver failure, respectively. The underlying disease and operative procedures place patients at risk for long‐term complications, which may continue to affect them into adulthood. Lack of a transitional care model in the health‐care system potentiates the challenges they will face following aging out of their pediatric providers' care. We sought to elucidate the long‐term complications and challenges patients with CDCs and BA face, review the current literature regarding transitioning care, and propose guidelines aiding adult providers in continued care and surveillance of these patients. A literature review was performed to assess short‐term and long‐term complications after surgery and the current standards for transitioning care in patients with a history of CDCs and BA. While transitional programs exist for patients with other gastrointestinal diseases, there are few that focus on CDCs or BA. Generally, authors encourage medical record transmission from pediatric to adult providers, ensuring accuracy of information and compliance with treatment plans. Patients with CDCs are at risk for developing biliary malignancies, cholangitis, and anastomotic strictures after resection. Patients with BA develop progressive liver failure, necessitating transplantation. There are no consensus guidelines regarding timing of follow up for these patients. Based on the best available evidence, we propose a schema for long‐term surveillance.
Expression of genes related to liver fatty acid metabolism in fat‐tailed and thin‐tailed lambs during negative and positive energy balances
Authors: Zakariapour Bahnamiri Hossein , Ganjkhanlou Mahdi , Zali Abolfazl , Sadeghi Mostafa , Moradi Shahrbabak Hossein , Nehzati Paghaleh Gholam Ali 
Published: December 2018

AbstractFat‐tailed sheep breeds can tolerate periods of negative energy balance without suffering from elevated concentration of plasma non‐esterified fatty acid (NEFA). This ability was attributed to unique metabolism of fat‐tailed adipose depot, whereas role of liver as an influential organ in fatty acid metabolism was not evaluated yet. Hence, current study was conducted to evaluate the effects of negative and positive energy balances on liver expression of genes related to fatty acid metabolism in fat‐tailed and thin‐tailed lambs. Lambs experienced negative (21 days) and positive (21 days) energy balances and were slaughtered at the beginning and end of negative energy balance and at the end of positive energy balance. Real‐time quantitative polymerase chain reaction (RT‐Q‐PCR) was conducted to evaluate changes in gene expression. Expression of diglyceride acyltransferase 1 (DGAT1), 3‐hydroxy‐3‐methylglutaryl‐CoA synthase 2 (HMGCS2) and apolipoprotein B (APOB) was not affected by genotype, energy balance and their interaction. Expression of carnitine palmitoyltransferase 1 (CPT1) was significantly higher in liver of fat‐tailed comparing to thin‐tailed lambs regardless of energy balance (p < 0.02). Catalase mRNA abundance was increased in response to negative energy balance (p < 0.02), and severity of this enhancement was higher in fat‐tailed lambs (p < 0.06). Expression of CPT1 was positively correlated with expression of HMGCS2 in both fat‐tailed (p < 0.05) and thin‐tailed lambs (p < 0.002); however, the correlation was weaker in fat‐tailed lambs (0.72 vs. 0.57, respectively, for thin‐tailed and fat‐tailed lambs). There was a positive correlation between DGAT1 and APOB genes expression in fat‐tailed lambs (0.94; p < 0.001), whereas this correlation was not observed in thin‐tailed lambs. Results demonstrate that liver of fat‐tailed lambs has higher capacity for metabolism of mobilized NEFA exposed to liver during negative energy balance.
Factor Structure, Validity, and Reliability of the Japanese Version of the Balanced Index of Psychological Mindedness (BIPM)
Authors: Takagishi Yukihiro 
Published: December 2018

AbstractThis study examined the measurement properties of the Balanced Index of Psychological Mindedness (BIPM) among the Japanese population. Exploratory factor analysis was conducted to examine the factor structure of the BIPM (Study 1) among 464 university students, and confirmatory factor analysis examined the validity and reliability of the BIPM (Study 2) among 321 university students. Additionally, the mitigation effect of psychological mindedness (PM) for depressive symptoms was examined. The results showed a two‐factor structure (Interest and Insight) similar to the original BIPM. The BIPM was negatively correlated with the alexithymia score and positively correlated with the Psychological Mindedness Scale and Openness. It was also significantly correlated with future depressive symptoms. The BIPM is useful for measuring PM in the Japanese population. Additionally, this study suggests clinical applications of PM in psychotherapy and the treatment effect mechanism of cognitive behavioral therapy.