bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Determination of immunogenicity of an inactivated ND-vaccine developed experimentally with Newcastle disease virus (Genotype VII.2) local isolates of Bangladesh
Authors: Haque Mohammad Aynul , Haque Md. Enamul , Parvin Mst. Kohinoor , Kamal Md. Mostofa , Islam Tanbin Rubaiya , Sadekuzzaman Mohammad , Islam Md. Ariful , Khatun Mst. Minara , Hossain Muhammad Tofazzal , Uddin Mohammad Asir , Nahar Sham Soun , Khasruzzaman A. K. M. , Islam Md. Alimul 
Published: November 2024

BackgroundNewcastle disease virus (NDV) genotype VII severely affects poultry, causing respiratory and neurological symptoms with a high rate of morbidity and mortality. The research aimed to develop an inactivated ND vaccine using local isolates (Genotype VII.2) and assess its immunogenicity compared to other commercial live ND vaccines.MethodsAn inactivated vaccine using a candidate NDV (GenBank: OR924274.1) was developed according to WOAH guidelines following inactivation, sterility, purity, and safety tests. The birds were vaccinated through subcutaneous (SC) and intramuscular (IM) routes using three doses (0.25, 0.5, and 1.0 ml/bird). Immunogenicity and protective potentiality of the experimentally developed inactivated ND vaccine and live commercial ND vaccine (intra-ocularly/IO) were compared by challenge studies using three vaccination schedules: killed-followed-killed, live-followed-killed, and live-followed-live.ResultsThe birds vaccinated with 1.0 ml/bird SC showed higher antibody titers compared to those of IM-vaccinated groups. Birds vaccinated with the live-followed-killed commercial ND vaccines had slightly higher antibody titers compared to those vaccinated with killed-followed-killed and live-followed-live vaccines. Birds vaccinated with the killed-followed-killed ND vaccine showed a higher protection rate (100%) compared to live-followed-killed (83±5.77%) and live-followed-live (57±5.77%) vaccines. Birds vaccinated with killed-followed-killed group showed a slower decline rate of antibody titers than other groups. This regimen provided significantly better immunity, highlighting its potential in controlling ND outbreaks in Bangladesh's poultry.ConclusionThe study found that the inactivated ND vaccine, developed with the locally circulating isolate of genotype-VII.2 of NDV, might play an important role in effective control and management of ND in the commercial poultry population in Bangladesh.
Association of artificial intelligence-based immunoscore with the efficacy of chemoimmunotherapy in patients with advanced non-squamous non-small cell lung cancer: a multicentre retrospective study
Authors: Liu Jiaqing , Sun Dongchen , Xu Shuoyu , Shen Jiayi , Ma Wenjuan , Zhou Huaqiang , Ma Yuxiang , Zhang Yaxiong , Fang Wenfeng , Zhao Yuanyuan , Hong Shaodong , Zhan Jianhua , Hou Xue , Zhao Hongyun , Huang Yan , He Bingdou , Yang Yunpeng , Zhang Li 
Published: November 2024

PurposeCurrently, chemoimmunotherapy is effective only in a subset of patients with advanced non-squamous non-small cell lung cancer. Robust biomarkers for predicting the efficacy of chemoimmunotherapy would be useful to identify patients who would benefit from chemoimmunotherapy. The primary objective of our study was to develop an artificial intelligence-based immunoscore and to evaluate the value of patho-immunoscore in predicting clinical outcomes in patients with advanced non-squamous non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC).MethodsWe have developed an artificial intelligence–powered immunoscore analyzer based on 1,333 whole-slide images from TCGA-LUAD. The predictive efficacy of the model was further validated in the CPTAC-LUAD cohort and the biomarker cohort of the ORIENT-11 study, a randomized, double-blind, phase 3 study. Finally, the clinical significance of the patho-immunoscore was evaluated using the ORIENT-11 study cohort.ResultsOur immunoscore analyzer achieved good accuracy in all the three cohort mentioned above (TCGA-LUAD, mean AUC: 0.783; ORIENT-11 cohort, AUC: 0.741; CPTAC-LUAD cohort, AUC: 0.769). In the 259 patients treated with chemoimmunotherapy, those with high patho-immunoscore (n = 146) showed significantly longer median progression-free survival than those with low patho-immunoscore (n = 113) (13.8 months vs 7.13 months, hazard ratio [HR]: 0.53, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.38 – 0.73; p &lt; 0.001). In contrast, no significant difference was observed in patients who were treated with chemotherapy only (5.07 months vs 5.07 months, HR: 1.04, 95% CI: 0.71 – 1.54; p = 0.83). Similar trends were observed in overall survival.ConclusionOur study indicates that AI-powered immunoscore applied on LUAD digital slides can serve as a biomarker for survival outcomes in patients with advanced non-squamous NSCLC who received chemoimmunotherapy. This methodology could be applied to other cancers and facilitate cancer immunotherapy.
Potential diagnostic markers and therapeutic targets for non-alcoholic fatty liver disease and ulcerative colitis based on bioinformatics analysis and machine learning
Authors: Luo Zheng , Huang Cong , Chen Jilan , Chen Yunhui , Yang Hongya , Wu Qiaofeng , Lu Fating , Zhang Tian E. 
Published: November 2024

BackgroundNon-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) and ulcerative colitis (UC) are two common health issues that have gained significant global attention. Previous studies have suggested a possible connection between NAFLD and UC, but the underlying pathophysiology remains unclear. This study investigates common genes, underlying pathogenesis mechanisms, identification of diagnostic markers applicable to both conditions, and exploration of potential therapeutic targets shared by NAFLD and UC.MethodsWe obtained datasets for NAFLD and UC from the GEO database. The DEGs in the GSE89632 dataset of the NAFLD and GSE87466 of the UC dataset were analyzed. WGCNA, a powerful tool for identifying modules of highly correlated genes, was employed for both datasets. The DEGs of NAFLD and UC and the modular genes were then intersected to obtain shared genes. Functional enrichment analysis was conducted on these shared genes. Next, we utilize the STRING database to establish a PPI network. To enhance visualization, we employ Cytoscape software. Subsequently, the Cytohubba algorithm within Cytoscape was used to identify central genes. Diagnostic biomarkers were initially screened using LASSO regression and SVM methods. The diagnostic value of ROC curve analysis was assessed to detect diagnostic genes in both training and validation sets for NAFLD and UC. A nomogram was also developed to evaluate diagnostic efficacy. Additionally, we used the CIBERSORT algorithm to explore immune infiltration patterns in both NAFLD and UC samples. Finally, we investigated the correlation between hub gene expression, diagnostic gene expression, and immune infiltration levels.ResultsWe identified 34 shared genes that were found to be associated with both NAFLD and UC. These genes were subjected to enrichment analysis, which revealed significant enrichment in several pathways, including the IL-17 signaling pathway, Rheumatoid arthritis, and Chagas disease. One optimal candidate gene was selected through LASSO regression and SVM: CCL2. The ROC curve confirmed the presence of CCL2 in both the NAFLD and UC training sets and other validation sets. This finding was further validated using a nomogram in the validation set. Additionally, the expression levels of CCL2 for NAFLD and UC showed a significant correlation with immune cell infiltration.ConclusionThis study identified a gene (CCL2) as a biomarker for NAFLD and UC, which may actively participate in the progression of NAFLD and UC. This discovery holds significant implications for understanding the progression of these diseases and potentially developing more effective diagnostic and treatment strategies.
Changes in clinical features and seasonal variations of Crohn’s disease at diagnosis: a 10-year observational study in China
Authors: Deng Jun , Lu Yi , Liu Tao , Zhang Min , Yao Jia-yin , Zhi Min 
Published: November 2024

Background and aimsThe clinical aspects of Crohn’s disease (CD) at diagnosis determine its therapy and management. The onset of CD follows a seasonal pattern. We aimed to analyze changes in the clinical features and seasonal variations of newly CD patients over the last decade.MethodsCD patients were divided into cohort 1 (2012–2016) and cohort 2 (2017–2021). The clinical characteristics were collected and the trends according to the year and season of diagnosis were analyzed.ResultsA total of 2038 patients were included. Cohort 1 had a considerably greater proportion of diarrhea, fever, hematochezia, weight loss and extraintestinal manifestations. The levels of platelet and C-reactive protein were higher in cohort 2 patients, but the opposite was true for albumin levels (p&lt;0.05). The rate of increased eosinophils, increased gangliocyte and abundant lymphoplasmacytic infiltrate significantly decreased over the years. Patients with granulomas were diagnosed with CD at an earlier age (p = 0.006). Cohort 1 patients used more conventional drugs, while cohort 2 patients apply more biologics (p&lt;0.05). The diagnosis occurred more frequently in summer and less frequently in winter. Patients diagnosed in winter had notably higher BMI, lower frequency of perianal disease and lowest incidence of asthenia and weight loss.ConclusionThe clinical phenotype, laboratory and pathological characteristics of CD has changed over time in China. The diagnosis of CD tends to have a seasonal trend with the highest incidence in summer. CD patients diagnosed in winter appear to have a milder form of the disease.
Association between duration of phenoxybenzamine use and postoperative delirium in suspected adrenal pheochromocytoma: a retrospective cohort study
Authors: Wang Qunying , Huang Fusen , Wei Ke , Wang Jingjie , Zhu Xin , Xiong Qiuju , Liu Dan 
Published: November 2024

BackgroundAt present, the available evidence regarding the relationship between duration of phenoxybenzamine use and postoperative delirium is inadequate in suspected adrenal pheochromocytoma.ObjectiveTo understand how changes in the duration of phenoxybenzamine use may affect postoperative delirium. The secondary objective of this study is to explore how the duration of phenoxybenzamine use may jointly influence postoperative delirium together with other interacting variables.MethodsWe conducted a retrospective cohort study involving 527 participants with a preoperative diagnosis of suspected pheochromocytoma. CT characteristics, preoperative preparation, intraoperative infusion, estimated bleeding, use of intraoperative vasoactive drugs, and outcomes were obtained from all participants. Logistic regression and interaction effects were utilized to substantiate the research objectives.ResultsA total of 108 (20.5%) developed postoperative delirium, which was seen in 37 (18.0%) in the pheochromocytoma group and 71 (22.0%) in the non-pheochromocytoma group. The incidence of postoperative delirium showed no statistically significant differences in the two groups. A positive association between the duration of phenoxybenzamine use and the risk of postoperative delirium was observed (OR = 1.05, 95%CI = 1.03–1.08, p &lt; 0.01), independent of confounders. The relationship between the duration of phenoxybenzamine use and postoperative delirium differed according to the presence or absence of pheochromocytoma, suggesting an interactive effect (p &lt; 0.05).ConclusionThis study highlights the influence of inappropriate duration of phenoxybenzamine use on the risk of incident postoperative delirium, independent of confounders. The effect of duration of phenoxybenzamine use causes a further increase in the risk of postoperative delirium, especially in non-pheochromocytomas.
Supplementation with inulin reverses cognitive flexibility alterations and modulates the gut microbiota in high-fat-fed mice
Authors: González-Velázquez Gabriela , Aguirre-Garrido José Félix , Oros-Pantoja Rigoberto , Salinas-Velarde Isidro Daniel , Contreras Irazú , Estrada José Antonio , Soto-Piña Alexandra Estela 
Published: November 2024

IntroductionAlterations in cognitive performance are associated with inadequate nutritional states and diet composition. Prebiotics, such as inulin, are substances that can modulate the gut microbiome and, consequently, brain function by producing metabolites such as short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs). This study aimed to evaluate the effect of supplementation with inulin on cognitive flexibility, body composition, and gut microbiota in a murine model exposed to a high-fat (HF) diet.MethodsCD1 mice were divided into five groups: control fed a standard diet (C), high-fat diet (HF), inulin (I), high-fat diet with inulin (HFI), and manipulation control (M). Dietary supplementation was administered for 6 weeks. Cognitive flexibility was assessed using the Attentional Set-Shifting Test (AST). In addition, body composition was measured via electrical bioimpedance and adipose tissue compartments of each mouse were removed and weighed. Finally, gut microbiota metataxonomic was analyzed through metataxonomic bacterial 16S rRNA sequencing.ResultsWe observed that HF group required more AST trials than the C, HFI, and I groups in the compound discrimination (CD) and extra-dimensional (ED) stages. Notably, the HFI group required fewer trials than the HF group in the ED stage (p = 0.0187). No significant differences in overall body composition were observed between the groups. However, the percentage of gonadal and peritoneal adipose tissue was significantly higher in the HF and I groups compared to the C group. Statistically significant differences in alpha diversity for gut microbiota were observed using the Shannon, Simpson, and Chao1 indices. The I group showed a decrease in bacterial diversity compared to the HF group. While no differences were observed between groups in the phyla Bacillota and Bacteroidotes, Clostridium bacteria represented a lower proportion of sequences in the I group compared to the C group. Additionally, Lactobacillus represented a lower proportion of sequences in the HF group compared to the C and I groups.DiscussionThese findings suggest that supplementation with inulin could be a useful approach to mitigate the negative effects of an HF diet on cognitive flexibility and modulate gut microbiota composition.
Intravenous thrombolysis and risk of early-onset post-stroke depression: a propensity score matched cohort study
Authors: Lu Jieyi , Zhang Lulu , Zhang Yi , Mao Huawu , Fang Qi 
Published: November 2024

BackgroundDepression is common in stroke survivors and affects their recovery and quality of life (QoL). Intravenous thrombolysis (IVT) can improve post-stroke outcomes but the impact on early-onset post-stroke depression (PSD) is unclear. This was evaluated by comparing depression symptoms between patients with acute ischemic stroke (AIS) with vs. without IVT.MethodsThis retrospective cohort study included 633 patients with AIS. The 17-item Hamilton Depression Rating Scale was used to evaluate depression in patients 14–21 days after stroke onset. Propensity score matching was used to minimize intervention bias between the two groups.ResultsOf the 633 patients, 120 (19.0%) received IVT and 513 (81%) did not. Before matching, the prevalence of early-onset PSD was lower in the IVT group than in the non-IVT group (18.3% vs. 29.2%, p &lt; 0.05). In the multivariate logistic regression analysis, the risk of early-onset PSD was significantly lower in the IVT group than in the non-IVT group [odds ratio (OR) = 0.48; 95% confidence interval: 0.28–0.83]. The results were stable after adjusting for potential confounders by inverse probability of treatment weighting and using a pairwise algorithm based on propensity scores (ORs between 0.44 and 0.61, all p &lt; 0.05); were robust to unmeasured confounding as assessed by E-value analysis; and were consistent in subgroup analyses.ConclusionIVT is associated with a reduced risk of early-onset PSD and can improve the QoL of patients with AIS during post-stroke recovery.
Case report: A novel transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation improves dysesthesias and motor behaviors after transverse myelitis
Authors: Nishi Yuki , Ikuno Koki , Minamikawa Yuji , Osumi Michihiro , Morioka Shu 
Published: November 2024

PurposeTransverse myelitis (TM)-associated dysesthesia is diverse and frequently resistant to treatment. This study explored the comprehensive effects of a novel transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation (TENS) approach tailored to an individual’s specific dysesthesia profile in a patient with TM.Patient and methodA 52-year-old woman with severe dysesthesias in the left C8 sensory area caused by TM underwent an A-B-A-B-A design intervention. The baseline (phase A) and intervention (phase B) phases were both 7 days. Tingling and allodynia were scored on an 11-point numerical rating scale pre-, post-, and 1 h post-treatment. Upper limb activities during daily living were assessed using a wrist-worn accelerometer. The intervention phase consisted of 60-min sessions of TENS two times daily. Furthermore, the intervention and carry-over effects of TENS were evaluated using Tau-U and Bayesian unknown change point models.ResultsThe effects of TENS resulted in the immediate improvement in tingling, allodynia, and upper limb activity. Long-term effects of TENS affected tingling and upper limb activity; however, no impacts on allodynia were observed.ConclusionThis novel TENS approach shows promise as an effective treatment, even in rare and treatment-resistant dysesthesia associated with TM.
Bibliometric and visualized analysis of 2014–2024 publications on therapy for diabetic peripheral neuropathy
Authors: Fu Baitian , Luo Ning , Zeng Yichen , Chen Yutian , Wie Low Je , Fang Jianqiao 
Published: November 2024

BackgroundThis research aimed to examine the global developing patterns in the treatment of diabetic peripheral neuropathy (DPN) using a bibliometric analysis of published literature.MethodsWe extracted publication data from papers published between 2014 and 2024 using a specific topic search in the “Web of Science Core Collection” (WoSCC) database. Various metrics, such as the number of papers, citations, authors, countries, institutions, and references, were collected for analysis. To further explore the data, CiteSpace was employed to examine co-citation patterns among authors, identify collaborative efforts between countries and institutions, and uncover emerging trends using burst keywords and reference analysis.ResultsThe study encompassed 2,488 publications that exhibited an increasing trend in annual output. Notably, the journal PAIN, the United States, the Pfizer institution, and the author Feldman, EvaL emerged as the most prolific contributors to this research domain. The term “placebo-controlled trial” was the most prominent burst keyword from 2014 to 2017, whereas “spinal cord stimulation” held this distinction in the recent 5-year span. Furthermore, the publication titled “Pharmacotherapy for neuropathic pain in adults: a systematic review and meta-analysis-2015” demonstrated the highest burst in terms of references.ConclusionThis study is the first to objectively reveal the current hotspots and trends in DPN treatment. The results indicate that drug therapy remains the primary first-line treatment for DPN and that future research on DPN treatment will likely focus on “spinal cord stimulation” and “pain management.” These findings provide valuable insights into DPN treatment.
Cognotoxemia: endotoxemia and gender predict changes in working memory performance in healthy adults
Authors: McDonnell Sally C. , Graham-Engeland Jennifer E. , Sliwinski Martin J. , Engeland Christopher G. , Knight Erik L. 
Published: November 2024

IntroductionExamining the contribution of peripheral systems to cognitive function under healthy circumstances may improve our understanding of the systems that confer risk or resilience in diseased states. Endotoxemia—a pro-inflammatory response to the translocation of bacteria that reside in the gut on other sources (e.g., respiratory tract; infection) into the blood—was hypothesized to relate to worsened cognitive functioning. Gender was explored as a moderator.MethodsA sample of 162 healthy adults (25–65 years old) provided plasma, from which a measure of endotoxemia was determined [i.e., the ratio of lipopolysaccharide binding protein (LBP) to soluble cluster of differentiation 14 receptors (sCD14)]. Participants performed an array of laboratory and ambulatory cognitive tasks at three timepoints, each separated by 9 months. Two sets of multilevel models were used: Prospective models, linking endotoxemia at baseline with changes in cognition across time, and coupling models, which examine correlations of endotoxemia with cognition across time.ResultsA prospective model indicated lower levels of endotoxemia at baseline predicted improvements in working memory across the three timepoints; higher levels were associated with no change in cognitive performance. Gender was not found to modulate this finding. Interestingly, a coupling analysis of endotoxemia and gender across time showed that in men, those with higher endotoxemia performed better at the working memory task overall; in women, working memory performance was similar regardless of endotoxemia level.ConclusionThis work provides initial evidence that endotoxemia may be associated with a dampening of improvement in working memory, improvement consistent with practice effects, which should be expected in a sample of healthy, relatively young adults. The findings also provide preliminary evidence that, at least for men, higher degrees of endotoxemia are not inherently negative, and may link with short term positive outcomes for working memory.
Identifying the quality markers and optimizing the processing of Gastrodiae rhizoma to treat brain diseases
Authors: Fu Yan , Xu Qingqing , Zhang Jinqiang , Kang Chuanzhi , Yang Changgui , Guo Lumei , Zhang Chenggang , Zhou Tao , Xiao Chenghong 
Published: November 2024

BackgroundGastrodiae rhizoma (GR) refers to the dried tuber of Gastrodia elata Bl. and has been used for many centuries to treat brain diseases, such as Alzheimer’s disease, major depressive disorder, and cerebral ischemia. However, the processing of GR is complex and varied, resulting in unstable clinical treatment effects. The processing protocols significantly affect the active ingredients and curative effects of GR. We can optimize the processing of GR by identifying quality markers to treat brain diseases.MethodsFresh tubers of G. elata Bl. were processed under eight different protocols, and their resulting contents of potentially bioactive compounds were compared using liquid chromatography mass spectrometry to screen the potential quality markers of GR through stoichiometric analysis. The potential quality markers of GR targeting Alzheimer’s disease, major depressive disorder, and cerebral ischemia were identified by network pharmacology, and the potentially neuroprotective effects of these components were validated through simulated docking to likely protein targets. Finally, a fit degree analysis was carried out using different composition ratios and proportions of the disease component degree value, and the therapeutic effects of different processing methods on Alzheimer’s disease, major depressive disorder, and cerebral ischemia were outlined clearly.ResultsWe identified 32 potential therapeutic components and screened 13 quality markers in GR, of which five quality markers (galactinol, glucosyringic acid, parishins C and E, and S-(4-hydroxybenzyl)-glutathione) showed efficacy against all three brain diseases. Furthermore, steaming and microwave-drying during processing can optimize the components of these quality markers for treating the three diseases.ConclusionProcessing protocols significantly affect the therapeutic components of GR and may also impact its effectiveness in treating brain diseases. Accordingly, optimizing the processing methods of GR to correspond to different therapeutic purposes may improve its efficacy against brain diseases.