bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Comparable efficacy of endoscopic transpapillary gallbladder drainage and percutaneous transhepatic gallbladder drainage in acute cholecystitis
Authors: Iino Chikara , Shimoyama Tadashi , Igarashi Takasato , Aihara Tomoyuki , Ishii Kentaro , Sakamoto Juichi , Tono Hiroshi , Fukuda Shinsaku 
Published: May 2018

Abstract
Background and study aims Although endoscopic transpapillary gallbladder drainage (ETGBD) is reportedly useful in patients who have acute cholecystitis, its efficacy has not been compared to that of percutaneous transhepatic gallbladder drainage (PTGBD). We retrospectively compared the efficacy and safety of ETGBD and PTGBD in patients with acute cholecystitis.
Patients and methods We studied 75 patients who required gallbladder drainage for acute cholecystitis between January 2014 and December 2016. Using propensity score matching analysis, we compared the clinical efficacy and length of hospitalization in patients successfully treated with ETGBD and PTGBD. Moreover, we assessed the predictive factors for hospitalization period < 30 days using multivariate analysis.
Results ETGBD and PTGBD were successfully performed in 33 patients (77 %) and 42 patients (100 %) (P < 0.001). Twenty-seven matched pairs were obtained after propensity score matching analysis. No significant differences were observed between patients treated with ETGBD and those treated with PTGBD with respect to improvement in white blood cell count and serum C-reactive protein level. The length of hospitalization in patients treated with ETGBD was significantly shorter than in those treated with PTGBD regardless of the need for surgery. Multivariate logistic regression analysis revealed ETGBD (odds ratio, 7.07; 95 % confidence interval 2.22 – 22.46) and surgery (odds ratio 0.26; 95 % confidence interval 0.09 – 0.79) as independent factors associated with hospitalization period. There were no significant differences in occurrence of complications in ETGBD and PTGBD procedure.
Conclusions ETGBD was shown to be as useful as PTGBD for treatment of acute cholecystitis and was associated with shorter hospitalization period. ETGBD can be an alternative treatment option for acute cholecystitis at times when PTGBD is not possible.
Experimental Tensile Strength Analysis of Woven-Glass/Epoxy Composite Plates with Central Circular Hole
Authors: K. Hadi Bambang , K. Rofa Bima 
Published: May 2018

Abstract
The use of composite materials in aerospace engineering, as well as in maritime structure has increased significantly during the recent years. The extensive use of composite materials in industrial applications should make composite structural engineers and scientists more aware of the advantage and disadvantage of this material and provide them with necessary data and certification process. One of the problems in composite structures is the existence of hole. Hole can not be avoided in actual structures, since it may be the necessity of providing access for maintenance or due to impact damage. The presence of hole will weaken the structures. Therefore, in this paper, the effect of hole on the strength of glass-woven/epoxy composite will be discussed. Extensive tests have been carried out to study the effect of hole-diameter on the tensile strengths of these specimens. The results showed that the bigger the hole-diameter compared to the width of the specimens has weakened the structures further, as expected. Further study should be carried in the future to model it with the finite element and theoretical analysis precisely.
Three Point Bending of Top-Hat Stiffened Chopped Short Fibre Ramie/HDPE Thermoplastic Composite Beam
Authors: K. Hadi Bambang , S. Nuril Yogie 
Published: May 2018

Abstract
The use of natural fibre and thermoplastic matrices in composite materials increased significantly during the last decade especially in the automotive industries. Ramie is one of these potential natural fibres. In this paper, a three point bending of top-hat beam made of ramie/HDPE (High-Density-Polyethylene) composites was performed. Top-hat stiffened structures were common structures found in the aerospace industries. Nevertheless, these structures are beginning to be applied in automotive structures in the forms of chassis and bumpers. The ramie/HDPE composite was manufactured using hot-press technique. The temperature was set to be 135°C and the pressure was 6 bars. Chopped short ramie fibre was used, due to good drape ability characteristics. The experiments showed that the beams produced a large non-linearity. Linear Finite Element Analysis was carried out to be compared with the experimental data. The differences are reasonable.
Madden-Julian Oscillation (MJO) Signal over Kototabang, West Sumatera Based on the Mini Automatic Weather Station (MAWS) Data Analysis Using the Wavelet Technique
Authors: Hermawan E 
Published: May 2018

Abstract
This study is mainly concerned an application of Mini Automatic Weather Station (MAWS) at Kototabang, West Sumatera nearby the location of an Equatorial Atmosphere Radar (EAR) side. We are interest to use this data to investigate the propagation of the Madden-Julian Oscillation (MJO). We examined of daily MAWS data for 3 years observations started from January 2001 to Mei 2004. By applying wavelet analysis, we found the MJO at Kototabang have 32 days oscillations as shown in Fig.1 below. In this study, we concentrate just for local mechanis only. We will show in this paper that at the phase of the MJO with a dipole structure to the convection anomalies, there is enhanced tropical convection over the eastern Indian Ocean and reduced convection over the western Pacific. Over the equatorial western Indian Ocean, the equatorial Rossby wave response to the west of the enhanced convection includes a region of anomalous surface divergence associated with the anomalous surface westerlies and pressure ridge. This tends to suppress ascent in the boundary layer and shuts off the deep convection, eventually leading to a convective anomaly of the opposite sign. Over the Indonesian sector, the equatorial Kelvin wave response to the east of the enhanced convection includes a region of anomalous surface convergence into the anomalous equatorial surface easterlies and pressure trough, which will tend to favour convection in this region. The Indonesian sector is also influenced by an equatorial Rossby wave response (of opposite sign) to the west of the reduced convection over the western Pacific, which also has a region of anomalous surface convergence associated with its anomalous equatorial surface easterlies and pressure trough. Hence, convective anomalies of either sign tend to erode themselves from the west and initiate a convective anomaly of opposite sign via their equatorial Rossby wave response, and expand to the east via their equatorial Kelvin wave response.
Mechanism of action vasodilation Annona muricata L. leaves extract mediated vascular smooth muscles
Authors: Ismail S , Hayati N , Rahmawati N 
Published: May 2018

Abstract

Annona muricata L. leaves (AML) is used as ethnomedicine by the Dayak Abai ethnicity in North Kalimantan for its already known use to reduce blood pressure. However, the mechanism of action in the vessel is still poorly understood. Aim study to prove the mechanism of action of AML in blood vessels. AML was extracted with a maceration technique using ethanol solvent. Mechanism of action test was performed with isolated rat aortic with endothelium (endo-intact) and without endothelium (endo-denuded). AML extract intervention on rats aorta with endo-intact and endo-denuded can induction vasodilatation activity. Increasing AML extract concentration can improve decrease vasodilatation activity on isolated rats aortic with endo-intact compared to endo-denuded, it means that endothelium can weaken vasodilatation activity of aorta mediated by vascular smooth muscle after the extract was given.
Nonsurgical Medical Penile Girth Augmentation: A Retrospective Study of Psychological and Psychosexual Outcomes
Authors: Sharp Gemma , Oates Jayson 
Published: May 2018

Abstract

Background
Although interest in penile augmentation procedures is increasing, there is a significant lack of research into the psychological and psychosexual outcomes of these procedures.

Objectives
To investigate the psychological and psychosexual outcomes of nonsurgical medical penile girth augmentation.

Methods
This retrospective study involved a mixed method approach. Twenty-five men who had undergone a nonsurgical medical penile girth augmentation between 1 and 12 months prior (mean, 6.6 months) completed an online questionnaire containing measures of procedure motivation, procedure satisfaction, genital self-image, penile-focused body dysmorphic disorder symptoms, self-esteem, and sexual relationship satisfaction. Six of these men elected to complete in-depth one-to-one semi-structured phone interviews to further explore the psychological impacts of the procedure.

Results
In the online questionnaire, most men were satisfied with their penile size, appearance, and function after penile girth augmentation. The men also reported statistically significant improvements in their genital self-image (P &lt; 0.001) and self-esteem (P = 0.008), and a reduction in penile-focused body dysmorphic disorder symptoms (P = 0.002) at the time of completing the questionnaire compared to recalled pre-procedural levels. The in-depth interviews yielded 3 themes surrounding penile augmentation outcomes: (1) high satisfaction with increased penis girth; (2) increased self-confidence, particularly in situations in which the penis would be seen, such as a locker room; and (3) increased sexual confidence, but some mixed impacts on sexual relationships.

Conclusions
Most men appear to be satisfied with their nonsurgical medical penile girth augmentation results, and they also seem to experience improvements in their overall self-esteem.

Level of Evidence: 4
Cell-Specific Loss of SNAP25 from Cortical Projection Neurons Allows Normal Development but Causes Subsequent Neurodegeneration
Authors: Hoerder-Suabedissen Anna , Korrell Kim V , Hayashi Shuichi , Jeans Alexander , Ramirez Denise M O , Grant Eleanor , Christian Helen C , Kavalali Ege T , Wilson Michael C , Molnár Zoltán 
Published: May 2018

Abstract
Synaptosomal associated protein 25 kDa (SNAP25) is an essential component of the SNARE complex regulating synaptic vesicle fusion. SNAP25 deficiency has been implicated in a variety of cognitive disorders. We ablated SNAP25 from selected neuronal populations by generating a transgenic mouse (B6-Snap25tm3mcw (Snap25-flox)) with LoxP sites flanking exon5a/5b. In the presence of Cre-recombinase, Snap25-flox is recombined to a truncated transcript. Evoked synaptic vesicle release is severely reduced in Snap25 conditional knockout (cKO) neurons as shown by live cell imaging of synaptic vesicle fusion and whole cell patch clamp recordings in cultured hippocampal neurons. We studied Snap25 cKO in subsets of cortical projection neurons in vivo (L5—Rbp4-Cre; L6—Ntsr1-Cre; L6b—Drd1a-Cre). cKO neurons develop normal axonal projections, but axons are not maintained appropriately, showing signs of swelling, fragmentation and eventually complete absence. Onset and progression of degeneration are dependent on the neuron type, with L5 cells showing the earliest and most severe axonal loss. Ultrastructural examination revealed that cKO neurites contain autophagosome/lysosome-like structures. Markers of inflammation such as Iba1 and lipofuscin are increased only in adult cKO cortex. Snap25 cKO can provide a model to study genetic interactions with environmental influences in several disorders.
The history and promise of holism in health promotion
Authors: Michaelson Valerie , Pickett William , Davison Colleen 
Published: May 2018

AbstractHolism is an ancient theme concept that has resurfaced in recent literature, and that requires informed and intentional use in order to preserve its utility. This paper provides a historical and conceptual reintroduction of the notion of holism as it relates to health, with the hopes of informing the term's use in public health discourse. It also addresses the challenges that a lack of conceptual clarity about holistic health imposes on public health and health promotion discussions. It describes how the use and conceptualizations of holism are shifting in health promotion and argues that failing to accurately define and delineate its scope risks diluting its utility for future health promotion applications. We address these two problems, and build an argument for a rediscovery of the theory of holism in public health and health promotion, globally.
Mechanistic Origins of Dynamic Instability in Filaments from the Phage Tubulin, PhuZ
Authors: Zehr Elena A. , Rohu Alexis , Liu Yanxin , Verba Kliment A. , Pogliano Joe , Grigorieff Nikolaus , Agard David A. 
Published: May 2018

SUMMARYA bacteriophage-encoded tubulin homologue, PhuZ, harnesses dynamic instability to position genomes of ՓKZ-like bacteriophage at the midline of their Pseudomonas hosts, facilitating phage infectivity. While much has been learned about molecular origins of microtubule dynamics, how GTP binding and hydrolysis control dynamics in the divergent 3-stranded PhuZ filaments is not understood. Here we present cryo-EM reconstructions of the PhuZ filamentin a pre-hydrolysis (3.5Å) and three post-hydrolysis states (4.2 Å, 7.3 Å and 8.1 Å resolutions), likely representing distinct depolymerization stages. Core polymerization-induced structural changes reveal similarities to αβ-tubulin, suggesting broad conservation within the tubulin family. By contrast, GTP hydrolysis is sensed quite differently and is communicated by the divergent PhuZ C-terminus to the lateral interface, leading to PhuZ polymer destabilization. This provides a contrasting molecular description of how nucleotide state can be harnessed by the tubulin fold to regulate filament assembly, metastability and disassembly.
Expert Specification of the ACMG/AMP Variant Interpretation Guidelines for Genetic Hearing Loss
Authors: Oza Andrea M. , DiStefano Marina T. , Hemphill Sarah E. , Cushman Brandon J. , Grant Andrew R. , Siegert Rebecca K. , Shen Jun , Chapin Alex , Boczek Nicole J. , Schimmenti Lisa A. , Murry Jaclyn B. , Hasadsri Linda , Nara Kiyomitsu , Kenna Margaret , Booth Kevin T. , Azaiez Hela , Griffith Andrew , Avraham Karen B. , Kremer Hannie , Rehm Heidi L. , Amr Sami S. , Abou Tayoun Ahmad N. ,   ClinGen Hearing Loss Clinical Domain Working Group
Published: May 2018

ABSTRACTDue to the high genetic heterogeneity of hearing loss, current clinical testing includes sequencing large numbers of genes, which often yields a significant number of novel variants. Therefore, the standardization of variant interpretation is crucial to provide consistent and accurate diagnoses. The Hearing Loss Variant Curation Expert Panel was created within the Clinical Genome Resource to provide expert guidance for standardized genomic interpretation in the context of hearing loss. As one of its major tasks, our Expert Panel has adapted the American College of Medical Genetics and Genomics/Association for Molecular Pathology (ACMG/AMP) standards and guidelines for the interpretation of sequence variants in hearing loss genes. Here, we provide a comprehensive illustration of the newly specified ACMG/AMP hearing loss rules. Three rules remained unchanged, four rules were removed, and the remaining twenty-one rules were specified. Of the specified rules, four had general recommendations, seven were gene/disease considerations, seven had strength-level specifications, and three rules had both gene/disease and strength-level specifications. These rules were further validated and refined using a pilot set of 51 variants assessed by curators. These hearing loss-specific ACMG/AMP rules will help standardize variant interpretation, ultimately leading to better care for individuals with hearing loss.GRANT NUMBERSResearch reported in this publication was supported by the National Human Genome Research Institute (NHGRI) under award number U41HG006834.
Estimating the timing of multiple admixture pulses during local ancestry inference
Authors: Medina Paloma , Thornlow Bryan , Nielsen Rasmus , Corbett-Detig Russell 
Published: May 2018

ABSTRACTAdmixture, the mixing of genetically distinct populations, is increasingly recognized as a fundamental biological process. One major goal of admixture analyses is to estimate the timing of admixture events. Whereas most methods today can only detect the most recent admixture event, here we present coalescent theory and associated software that can be used to estimate the timing of multiple admixture events in an admixed population. We extensively validate this approach and evaluate the conditions under which it can succesfully distinguish one from two-pulse admixture models. We apply our approach to real and simulated data of Drosophila melanogaster. We find evidence of a single very recent pulse of cosmopolitan ancestry contributing to African populations as well as evidence for more ancient admixture among genetically differentiated populations in sub-Saharan Africa. These results suggest our method can quantify complex admixture histories involving genetic material introduced by multiple discrete admixture pulses. The new method facilitates the exploration of admixture and its contribution to adaptation, ecological divergence, and speciation.
Functional impact of the H2A.Z histone variant during meiosis inSaccharomyces cerevisiae
Authors: González-Arranz Sara , Cavero Santiago , Morillo-Huesca Macarena , Andújar Eloisa , Pérez-Alegre Mónica , Prado Félix , San-Segundo Pedro 
Published: May 2018

AbstractAmong the collection of chromatin modifications that influence its function and structure, the substitution of canonical histones by the so-called histone variants is one of the most prominent actions. Since crucial meiotic transactions are modulated by chromatin, here we investigate the functional contribution of the H2A.Z histone variant during both unperturbed meiosis and upon challenging conditions where the meiotic recombination checkpoint is triggered in budding yeast by the absence of the synaptonemal complex component Zip1. We have found that H2A.Z localizes to meiotic chromosomes in an SWR1-dependent manner. Although meiotic recombination is not substantially altered, thehtz1mutant (lacking H2A.Z) shows inefficient meiotic progression, impaired sporulation and reduced spore viability. These phenotypes are likely accounted for by the misregulation of meiotic gene expression landscape observed inhtz1. In thezip1mutant, the absence of H2A.Z results in a tighter meiotic arrest imposed by the meiotic recombination checkpoint. We have found that Mec1-dependent Hop1-T318 phosphorylation and the ensuing Mek1 activation are not significantly altered inzip1 htz1; however, downstream checkpoint targets, such as the meiosis I-promoting factors Ndt80, Cdc5 and Clb1, are drastically down-regulated. The study of the checkpoint response inzip1 htz1has also allowed us to reveal the existence of an additional function of the Swe1 kinase, independent of CDK inhibitory phosphorylation, which is relevant to restrain meiotic cell cycle progression. In summary, our study shows that the H2A.Z histone variant impacts various aspects of meiotic development adding further insight into the relevance of chromatin dynamics for accurate gametogenesis.
Seed Selection Strategies for Overlap Detection
Authors: Teutenberg Jonathan 
Published: May 2018

AbstractThe current state-of-the-art assemblers of long, error-prone reads rely on detecting all-vs-all overlaps within the set of reads with overlaps represented by a sparse selection of short subsequences or “seeds”. Though the quality of selection of these seeds can impact both accuracy and speed of overlap detection, existing algorithms do little more than ignore over-represented seeds. Here we propose several more informed seed selection strategies to improve precision and recall of overlaps. These strategies are evaluated against real long-read data sets with a range of fixed seed sizes. We show that these strategies substantially improve the utility of individual seeds over uninformed selection.
Repression of ferritin light chain translation by human eIF3
Authors: Pulos-Holmes Mia C. , Srole Daniel N. , Lee Amy S. Y. , Juarez Maria G. , McSwiggen David T. , Ingolia Nicholas T. , Cate Jamie H. D. 
Published: May 2018

AbstractA central problem in human biology remains the discovery of causal molecular links between mutations identified in genome-wide association studies (GWAS) and their corresponding disease traits. This challenge is magnified for variants residing in non-coding regions of the genome. Single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in the 5’ untranslated region (5’-UTR) of the ferritin light chain (FTL) gene that cause hyperferritinemia are thought to disrupt translation repression by altering iron regulatory protein (IRP) interactions with theFTLmRNA 5’-UTR. Here, we show that human eukaryotic translation initiation factor 3 (eIF3) acts as a distinct repressor ofFTLmRNA translation, and eIF3-mediatedFTLrepression is disrupted by a subset of SNPs inFTLthat cause hyperferritinemia. These results identify a direct role for eIF3-mediated translational control in a specific human disease.
Anisotropic growth is achieved through the additive mechanical effect of material anisotropy and elastic asymmetry
Authors: Bou Daher Firas , Chen Yuanjie , Bozorg Behruz , Clough Jack , Jönsson Henrik , Braybrook Siobhan A 
Published: May 2018

AbstractFast directional growth is a necessity for the young seedling: after germination, the seedling needs to quickly reach through the soil to begin its autotrophic life. In most dicot plants, this rapid escape is due to the anisotropic elongation of the hypocotyl, the columnar organ between the root and the shoot meristems. Such anisotropic growth is common in many plant organs and is canonically attributed to cell wall anisotropy produced by oriented cellulose fibers in the cell wall. More recently, a mechanism based on asymmetric cell wall elasticity has been proposed, produced by differential pectin biochemistry. Here we present a harmonizing model for anisotropic growth control in the dark-grown Arabidopsis hypocotyl: basic anisotropic information is provided by cellulose orientation (proxied by microtubules) and additive anisotropic information is provided by pectin-based elastic asymmetry in the epidermis. We demonstrate that hypocotyl growth was always anisotropic with axial and transverse walls growing differently, from germination. We present experimental evidence for pectin biochemical differences and wall mechanics underlying this differential growth. We demonstrate that pectin biochemical changes control the transition to rapid growth characteristic of Arabidopsis hypocotyl elongation, and provide evidence for a substantial mechanical role for pectin in the cell wall when microtubules are compromised. Lastly, our in silico modelling experiments indicate an additive combination for pectin biochemistry and cellulose orientation in promoting anisotropic growth.