bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Extraction of Natural Dye from Ketapang Leaf (Terminalia catappa) for Coloring Textile Materials
Authors: Faisal RM , Chafidz A 
Published: June 2019

Abstract
The objective of the present work is to extract natural dye substances from Ketapang leaf. This leaf contains tannin substance that can be used as natural dye for textile materials. This natural dye is one of potential alternatives to the synthetic dyes because it is environmentally friendly and also Ketapang leaf is abundantly available, especially in Indonesia country. The brief detail of Ketapang leaf extraction process can be explained as follow: Ketapang leaf was soaked/immersed in distilled water for several periods (i.e. 4, 6, and 8 days) by using maceration method. From the experimental results, the optimal immersion time was reached at 6 days. The tannin content in the extract was also determined by using UV-Vis spectrophotometer. To test the performance of this natural dye, textile material made of 100% cotton was immersed in tannin solution for 60 min, squeezed, and the color was raised with three different fixer solutions, i.e. alum (Al2(SO4)3, kapur tohor (CaO), and tunjung (FeSO4) 50 g/L for 60 min. The fabrics were then tested for color fastness using detergent washing method and rubbing method (with crockmeter test). The test results showed that the fabric with alum as the fixer exhibited the optimum result for fastness test.
Wet Extraction of γ-Oryzanol From Rice Bran
Authors: Zullaikah S , Pujiastuti Y A , Prihandini G , Rachimoellah M 
Published: June 2019

Abstractγ-oryzanol is unique to rice bran oil (RBO) and it is known to be a potent hypocholesterolemic agent. Separation and isolation of γ-oryzanol from crude RBO is difficult due to complexity of components in crude RBO. Converting acylglycerides and FFA in RBO into FAME will concentrate bioactive compounds in the residue after FAME was removed from the RBO-based biodiesel. In this study, wet-extraction of bioactive compound from rice bran, γ-oryzanol, has been carried out using subcritical water-methanol mixture. The effects of extraction temperature, extraction time, water-methanol volume ratio and pressurizing gas type on the content and recovery of γ-oryzanol in crude RBO-based biodiesel have been investigated. It was found that the content and recovery of γ-oryzanol in RBO-based biodiesel increased with higher extraction temperature, longer extraction time and lower water concentration. The content of γ-oryzanol in RBO-based biodiesel was higher under N2atmosphere since CO2can acidify the solvent leading to hydrolysis of γ-oryzanol. The maximum γ-oryzanol content in RBO-based biodiesel was 2.16 % (corresponding to 2750 mg γ-oryzanol/kg rice bran) obtained after extraction for 7 h at 200 °C and 40 bar with water concentration of 50 % (v/v) under N2atmosphere.
Effect of Activated Alkanolamine for CO2 Absorption using Hollow Fiber Membrane Contactor
Authors: Rahmawati Y. , Nurkhamidah S. , Susianto S. , Listiyana N.I. , Rahmatullah M.A. , Hardian I.M. 
Published: June 2019

Abstract
Hollow Fiber Membrane Contactor (HFMC) technology has been widely developed as an alternative technology to separate CO2 gas. HFMC technology combines gas absorption process with absorbent and membrane technology. Membrane contactor technology has advantages than conventional technology such as larger gas-liquid contact area, smaller equipment, modularity, and gas-liquid flow rates adjusted independently. In this research, the CO2 absorption experiments was conducted for absorption process at 30°C temperature and various gas flow rate from 200 - 600 mL/min, feed gas of CO2 20%vol. flowed into shell side and the absorbents flowed in tube side of membrane contactor. Piperazine (PZ) and monosodium glutamate (MSG) as activators with 1%w/w concentration, added into methyldiethanolamine (MDEA) 30% w/w solution to form aqueous solutions of activated MDEA. The membrane material used in this experiment was hydrophobic polypropylene membrane. The effect of liquid flow rate and various activators used to get CO2 absorption flux and CO2 removal in HFMC. The results showed that the best of CO2 absorption process using activated alkanolamine was MDEA-PZ, where the highest flux value was 5.5x10−4 mole/m2.s and CO2 removal reached 96.9% at a gas flow rate of 600mL/min.
Comparison of Performance Characteristic Prediction of Sieve Tray with and without Down comer
Authors: Gondosurohardjo S , Altway A , Taufany F , Nurkhamidah S 
Published: June 2019

AbstractA sieve tray is a type of tray that is widely used in separation in industry. While sieve tray without down comer, frequently called dual flow sieve tray is commonly used to increase the effective area, so it can increase tray capacity. Dual-flow sieve tray operations can be classified into two categories, it is froth and transition based on gas/vapour velocity, so that there are parts of holes that are only flown by gas/vapour and at the same time there are parts of holes that are only flushed with liquid. Performance characteristics studied include clear-liquid height, dry and wet pressure drop, efficiency, and entrainment. The study aims to compare performance characteristic of sieve tray with and without down comer. The sieve tray without down comers showed almost 50% higher capacity compared to the sieve tray with down comers. However, sieve tray without down comers has 40% lower pressure drop compared to that with down comers. The results can ensure that the trays performance prediction for 298 mm diameter with open area in the range of 77-80%, 5 mm diameter holes, 12.5 mm hole spacing and 35 cm tray spacing satisfying and optimistic can be utilized in the distillation process.
Ultrasound Pre-treatment for Intensification of Hydrothermal Process in Reducing Sugar Production from Cassava Starch
Authors: Sumarno  , Bramantyo A , Febriyati P , Gunardi I , Trisanti P N 
Published: June 2019

Abstract
Cassava is an abundant natural resource in Indonesia and mostly used as food. Starch, as the main component of cassava, can be converted to many of its derivative product such as glucose, fructose, and other reducing sugar. Conventionally, reducing sugar is produced from starch by acid and enzyme hydrolysis. A hydrothermal process is sophisticated biomass processing method which makes it possible to hydrolyze the starch by water only. However, the reducing sugar productivity of the hydrothermal process still not as high as the conventional process. By ultrasound pre-treatment, a hydrothermal process can be intensified, so that increase its productivity. This study set out to find the effect ultrasound pre-treatment to intensify production of reducing sugar from the hydrothermal process of cassava starch. The experiment was conducted by treating cassava starch suspension using ultrasonic irradiation with various operation time (0-120 minutes) and under a temperature of 40°C. For combination process, the starch suspension is processed under 15 minutes ultrasonic irradiation at 40°C, then continued to the hydrothermal process at 100°C and 100 bar using carbon dioxide as the pressurizing gas. The research found that the combination process can produce 0.693 mg/mL of reducing sugar
Ternary liquid-liquid equilibria for β-caryophyllene(1) + 1-propanol(2) + water(3) system at temperatures 303.15, 313.15, and 323.15 K
Authors: Kuswandi K , Wibawa G , Hidayatulloh I , Mahardhikawati C , Pratiwi A D 
Published: June 2019

Abstract
The experimental liquid–liquid equilibrium data of the system β–caryophyllene(1) + 1-propanol(2) + water(3) at temperatures 303.15, 313.15, and 323.15 K are presented. The mixtures of β–caryophyllene + 1-propanol + water were stirred for 4 hours and settled for at least 20 hours at constant temperature. The samples taken from both phases were analyzed by a gas chromatography (GC). The experimental equilibrium data were correlated by NRTL and UNIQUAC models. The compatibility of the models is based on the value of root mean square deviation (RMSD). The liquid-liquid phase diagram of the system shows type I phase behavior, where two binary subsystems are miscible and only one binary subsystem is partially miscible. The temperature effect of this system on immiscible zone is very small. Based on the experiment and the calculation results, the ternary equilibrium data have been successfully represented using both the NRTL and the UNIQUAC models.
Preparation of Activated Carbon from Mangrove Waste by KOH Chemical Activation
Authors: Paryanto  , Wibowo W A , Hantoko D , Saputro M E 
Published: June 2019

Abstract
In this study, Mangrove (Rhizophora mucronata) fruit waste which was generated from water-based extraction of natural dyes from this fruit was used as raw material in activated carbon preparation. Carbonization of chopped Mangrove fruit waste was conducted in a batch pyrolyzer for slow pyrolysis at temperature range of 300°C to 335°C and atmospheric pressure. The produced carbon was then soaked with potassium hydroxide (KOH) solution for 24 hours before activation process in an electrical furnace at 400°C for an hour. Effect of KOH concentration on physical characteristics of activated carbon was investigated in terms of moisture content, ash content, surface area, pore diameter, iodine number, and surface morphology. It was observed that the surface area and pore diameter increased with increasing the KOH concentration. Soaking the carbon in 2.5 M KOH provided the highest surface area and pore diameter of activated carbon, which were 1,920.6 m2/g and 5.52 µm, respectively. Also, the iodine number of 1,540.13 mg/g was obtained in correspond to the adsorption capacity.
Study of Nanoparticle Distribution in Water Treated with Combined Filtration-Inductively Coupled Plasma System
Authors: Trianda Y , Desmiarti R , Hazmi A , Martynis M , Li F 
Published: June 2019

Abstract
Nanoparticles represent a specific type of organic or inorganic matter with at least one dimension less than 100 nm and possess unique physical and chemical properties. The presence of nanoparticles in drinking water may pose a direct human health threat or an indirect risk through ingestion. Thus, the removal of nanoparticles from drinking water is needed. This research was carried out to study the distribution of nanoparticles in water treated with a combined filtration-inductively coupled plasma system by continuous processing. The flow rate was set at 100 and 200 mL/minute. The results showed that after 180 minutes of treatment, the amount and volume of nanoparticles in the treated water produced were different from those contained in raw water. The nanoparticles were within the diameter ranges from 2.70 to 6.50 nm and 0.62 to 712 nm for flow rate at 100 and 150 mL/minute, respectively. The particles within these diameter ranges belong to the group of proteins, small molecules and atoms. The measured zeta potential of the treated water had also decreased, indicating that the stability of the nanoparticles was reduced and removal by the combined filtration-inductively coupled plasma system had occurred. Further research is required to find the optimum flow rate and determine the exact components of the groups of nanoparticles.
Performance Evaluation of Coal Fly Ash Based Zeolite A for Heavy Metal Ions Adsorption of Wastewater
Authors: Paramitha T , Wulandari W , Rizkiana J , Sasongko D 
Published: June 2019

Abstract
One of the environmental characteristics of chemical industries is producing wastewater effluent that containing heavy metals, which are hazardous to the aquatic life and the human health. The purpose of this research is to evaluate the use of zeolite A as a sorbent for the heavy metal ions removal from wastewater. Zeolite A was synthesized from coal fly ash by fusion-hydrothermal method by the authors contains cation exchange capacity of 5.05 meq/g. This study used a series of artificial wastewater containing one and mixed heavy metal ions (Cu (II) and Zn (II)). The result showed that wastewater containing one heavy metal ion was almost fully adsorbed, for instance percentage sorption of Cu (II) and Zn (II) ions were 95.61 % and 92.15 %. On the other hand, for binary system, the percentage sorption slightly decreased becoming 91.51 % with the increase the amount of Zn (II) ion in solution. Based on kinetic data, sorption of Cu (II) and Zn (II) ions is controlled by pseudo-second order. In addition, adsorption isotherm follows Langmuir model. From this study, it is confirmed that zeolite A has a good possibility to be used as sorbent of heavy metal ions removal in wastewater.
Biogas Production from Wastes of Tofu Industry with Effects of Water Hyacinth and Cow Manure Additions
Authors: Sa’diah S , Putra M D 
Published: June 2019

Abstract
Biogas is one of the potential sources of energy to cope with the limitations of fossil energy. On the other hand, liquid waste of tofu industry, water hyacinth, and cow manure are poorly managed that can potentially pollute the environment. The type of those wastes was potential source for biogas production through anaerobic digestion due to high content of protein and nutrient. This study aims to determine the effect of addition of liquid waste of tofu industry (WT) and water hyacinth (WH) to cow manure (CM) on the biogas production. The amount of water hyacinth and cow manure were varied at 0-4 kg, while the liquid waste of tofu industry was fixed to 8 kg. The anaerobic digestion was conducted in biodigester container equipped with thermometer and biogas shelter. The biogas production was then analyzed using Gas chromatography–mass spectrometry (GC-MS). The optimum biogas was achieved at raw material ratio of 4:2:2 (WT:WH:CM) for 21 d. At this condition, 60 ppm of CH4 and 10,744 ppm of CO2 were obtained. Thus, the utilization of liquid waste of tofu industry, water hyacinth and cow manure as raw material of biogas production can minimize the environment problem and supply energy.
Strengthening Quality of Tuberculosis Laboratories Toward Accreditation in Viet Nam
Authors: Gumma Vidyanidhi , Bennett Davara Lee , Nguyen Thi Phong Lan , Duong Ngoc Cuong , Bond Kyle B , Nguyen Thi Hoang Yen , Erni Donatelle , Nguyen Van Nhung , Nguyen Van Hung , Albert Heidi 
Published: June 2019

Abstract

Objectives
Early diagnosis of tuberculosis (TB) and multidrug-resistant TB (MDR-TB) is a priority for Viet Nam’s National TB Control Programme. In many laboratories, quality systems are weak; few have attained accreditation. We implemented a structured training and mentoring program for TB laboratories and measured impact on quality.

Methods
Six TB culture laboratories implemented the Strengthening TB Laboratory Management Towards Accreditation (TB SLMTA) program, consisting of three training workshops and on-site mentoring between workshops to support improvement projects. Periodic audits, using standardized checklists, monitored laboratories’ progress toward accreditation readiness.

Results
At baseline, all six laboratories achieved a zero-star level. At exit, five laboratories attained three stars and another one star. Overall checklist scores increased by 44.2% on average, from 29.8% to 74.0%; improvements occurred across all quality system essentials.

Conclusions
The program led to improved quality systems. Sites should be monitored to ensure sustainability of improvements and country capacity expanded for national scaleup.
Repeat Biomarker Status in Breast Resection Specimens With Controlled Cold Ischemic Time
Authors: East Ellen G , Roberts Emily , Zhao Lili , Jorns Julie M 
Published: June 2019

AbstractObjectivesCurrent College of American Pathologists/American Society of Clinical Oncology guidelines recommend cold ischemic time (CIT) of 1 hour or less for breast specimens to preserve biomarker expression, although some publications support an acceptable CIT of 4 hours or less. We retrospectively evaluated changes in estrogen receptor (ER), progesterone receptor (PR), and human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2) from biopsy to resection specimens that were triaged to optimize CIT.MethodsWe identified breast resection specimens collected after institutional implementation of a triage protocol. Clinicopathologic features were assessed.ResultsIn total, 295 excisions had a prior malignant diagnosis, with CIT of 4 hours or less and repeat ER, PR, and/or HER2; 230 (78%) had CIT of 1 hour or less, and 65 (22%) had CIT of more than 1 hour but 4 hours or less. Categorical change was seen in 10 (17.9%) of 56 with repeated ER/PR and 38 (13.3%) of 285 with repeated HER2 (of which five [1.8%] had meaningful change).ConclusionsWhen CIT is optimized, a meaningful change in biomarker expression is infrequent. This study supports that when specimens are appropriately triaged, CIT of 4 hours or less may be acceptable.
Social reproduction, gender equality and economic growth
Authors: Braunstein Elissa , Bouhia Rachid , Seguino Stephanie 
Published: June 2019

AbstractThis paper presents a conceptual Kaleckian macroeconomic model and principal component analysis that link structures of economic growth and development with those of social reproduction and gender inequality. Employment, output and long-run prospects for growth are driven by class dynamics as well as social reproduction, defined as the time and money it takes to produce, maintain and invest in the labour force. How social reproduction is organised—the extent to which reproduction takes place in the household, public or market sectors, and the gender distribution of the labour in each—influences current aggregate demand and long-run productivity growth. Based on this model, and using data for a panel of 156 countries between 1991 and 2015, the paper presents empirical estimates of social reproduction regime by country and region, identifying under what circumstances systems of growth on the one hand and social reproduction on the other reinforce or contradict one another.
Long-term Evaluation of Allogeneic Bone Marrow-derived Mesenchymal Stromal Cell Therapy for Crohn’s Disease Perianal Fistulas
Authors: Barnhoorn Marieke C , Wasser Martin N J M , Roelofs Helene , Maljaars P W Jeroen , Molendijk Ilse , Bonsing Bert A , Oosten Liesbeth E M , Dijkstra Gerard , van der Woude C Janneke , Roelen Dave L , Zwaginga Jaap-Jan , Verspaget Hein W , Fibbe Willem E , Hommes Daniel W , Peeters Koen C M J , van der Meulen-de Jong Andrea E 
Published: June 2019

Abstract

Background and Aims
The long-term safety and efficacy of allogeneic bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stromal cell [bmMSC] therapy in perianal Crohn’s disease [CD] fistulas is unknown. We aimed to provide a 4-year clinical evaluation of allogeneic bmMSC treatment of perianal CD fistulas.

Methods
A double-blind dose-finding study for local bmMSC therapy in 21 patients with refractory perianal fistulising Crohn’s disease was performed at the Leiden University Medical Center in 2012–2014. All patients treated with bmMSCs [1 x 107 bmMSCs cohort 1, n = 5; 3 × 107 bmMSCs cohort 2, n = 5; 9 × 107 bmMSCs cohort 3, n = 5] were invited for a 4-year evaluation. Clinical events were registered, fistula closure was evaluated, and anti-human leukocyte antigen [HLA] antibodies were assessed. Patients were also asked to undergo a pelvic magnetic resonance imaging [MRI] and rectoscopy.

Results
Thirteen out of 15 patients [87%] treated with bmMSCs were available for long-term follow-up. Two non-MSC related malignancies were observed. No serious adverse events thought to be related to bmMSC therapy were found. In cohort 2 [n = 4], all fistulas were closed 4 years after bmMSC therapy. In cohort 1 [n = 4] 63%, and in cohort 3 [n = 5] 43%, of the fistulas were closed, respectively. In none of the patients anti-HLA antibodies could be detected 24 weeks and 4 years after therapy. Pelvic MRI showed significantly smaller fistula tracts after 4 years.

Conclusions
Allogeneic bmMSC therapy for CD-associated perianal fistulas is also in the long-term a safe therapy. In bmMSC-treated patients, fistulas with closure at Week 24 were still closed after 4 years.
Ustekinumab for Crohn’s Disease: Results of the ICC Registry, a Nationwide Prospective Observational Cohort Study
Authors: Biemans Vince B C , van der Meulen - de Jong Andrea E , van der Woude Christine J , Löwenberg Mark , Dijkstra Gerard , Oldenburg Bas , de Boer Nanne K H , van der Marel Sander , Bodelier Alexander G L , Jansen Jeroen M , Haans Jeoffrey J L , Theeuwen Rosaline , de Jong Dirk , Pierik Marie J , Hoentjen Frank 
Published: June 2019

Abstract

Background and Aims
Ustekinumab is approved for the treatment of Crohn’s disease [CD]. Systematically registered prospective real-world data are scarce. We therefore aimed to study the effectiveness, safety and usage of ustekinumab for CD in everyday practice.

Methods
We prospectively enrolled CD patients initiating ustekinumab in regular care between December 2016 and January 2019. Clinical (Harvey Bradshaw Index [HBI]), biochemical (C-reactive protein [CRP] and faecal calprotectin [FCP]), extra-intestinal manifestations and, peri-anal fistula activity, ustekinumab dosage, concomitant medication use, and adverse events were documented at weeks 0, 12, 24, and 52. The primary outcome was corticosteroid-free clinical remission.

Results
In total, 221 CD patients were included (98.6% anti-tumour necrosis factor [TNF] and 46.6% vedolizumab exposed) with a median follow-up of 52.0 weeks [interquartile range 49.3–58.4]. Corticosteroid-free clinical remission rates at weeks 24 and 52 were 38.2% and 37.1%, respectively. An initial dosing schedule of 8 weeks, compared to 12 weeks, correlated with a lower discontinuation rate [20.0% vs 42.6%, p = 0.01], but comparable corticosteroid-free clinical remission at week 52 (46.3% [q8w] vs 34.6% [q12w], p = 0.20). There was no clinical benefit of combination therapy after 52 weeks when compared to ustekinumab monotherapy [combi 40.6% vs mono 36.0%, p = 0.64]. At baseline, 28 patients had active peri-anal fistula, of whom 35.7% showed complete clinical resolution after 24 weeks. During follow-up we encountered six severe infections [3.5 per 100 patient-years], with all patients being on concomitant immunosuppressant therapies. Ustekinumab treatment discontinuation was observed in 75 [33.9%] patients mainly due to lack of response.

Conclusion
Ustekinumab is a relatively safe and effective treatment option for CD patients with prior failure of anti-TNF and anti-integrin therapies.