bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Diagnosis and management of the phenotypic spectrum of twins with Beckwith‐Wiedemann syndrome
Authors: Cohen Jennifer L. , Duffy Kelly A. , Sajorda Brian J. , Hathaway Evan R. , Gonzalez‐Gandolfi Christina X. , Richards‐Yutz Jennifer , Gunter Andrew T. , Ganguly Arupa , Kaplan Julie , Deardorff Matthew A. , Kalish Jennifer M. 
Published: May 2019

AbstractBeckwith‐Wiedemann syndrome (BWS) is an overgrowth disorder with a heterogeneous phenotypic spectrum. There is an increased prevalence of monozygotic twinning in BWS. Given the epigenetic nature and phenotypic spectrum that defines BWS, twins are often discordant for clinical features, and clinicians are faced with the challenge of diagnosing and managing these twins. We present a cohort of multiple pregnancies in which one or more child from each pregnancy was diagnosed with BWS. We conducted a chart review of monochorionic and dichorionic gestations. Clinical scores for monochorionic twins demonstrated phenotypic discordance between the proband and twin. Based on linear regression analysis, a higher clinical score in the proband correlated with larger phenotypic discordance between twin siblings. Despite phenotypic discordance, however, we observed a consistent additive clinical score for a pregnancy (proband's plus twin's scores from a pregnancy). This idea of a finite degree of affectedness for a pregnancy implies a finite number of epigenetically affected cells. This further corroborates the idea that timing of monozygotic monochorionic twinning correlates with the disruption of establishment and/or maintenance of imprinting. The difference in clinical score between a proband and their twin may be due to diffused mosaicism, whereby there is an asymmetric distribution of affected cells among the multiple fetuses in a monozygotic monochorionic pregnancy, leading to a spectrum of variably affected phenotypes. Based on these findings, we recommend an algorithm for a conservative approach to clinically evaluate all children in a monozygotic multiple gestation affected by BWS.
Taking a big bite: Working together to better understand the evolution of feeding in primates
Authors: Wright Barth W. , Wright Kristin A. , Strait David S. , Ross Callum F. , Laird Myra F. , van Casteren Adam , Scott Robert 
Published: May 2019

AbstractThe study of adaptation requires the integration of an array of different types of data. A single individual can find such integration daunting, if not impossible. In an effort to clarify the role of diet in the evolution of the primate craniofacial and dental apparatus, we assembled a team of researchers that have various types and degrees of expertise. This interaction has provided a range of insights for all contributors, and this has helped to refine questions, clarify the possibilities and limitations that laboratory and field settings offer, and further explore the ways in which laboratory and field data can be suitably integrated. A complete and accurate picture of dietary adaptation cannot be gained in isolation. Collaboration provides the bridge to a more holistic view of primate biology and evolution.
Selective localization of multi‐walled carbon nanotubes in epoxy/polyetherimide system and properties of the conductive composites
Authors: Wang Xue , Li Weizhen , Zhang Zhao , Chen Kaimin , Gan Wenjun 
Published: May 2019

ABSTRACTMulti‐walled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs) were introduced into the diglycidyl ether of a bisphenol A/polyetherimide (DGEBA/PEI) system. A co‐continuous phase structure could be formed by the reaction‐induced phase separation (RIPS). The MWCNTs localized selectively in PEI‐rich phase which was predicted by theoretical calculations of the wetting coefficient (ωa) and then confirmed both by optical microscopy and scanning electron microscopy. The thermomechanical properties of DGEBA/PEI/MWCNTs were studied by dynamic mechanical analysis. As the MWCNTs content increased from 0.5 to 1.0 wt %, storage modulus had a tendency of increasing monotonically from 2491 to 2948 MPa and the values of Tg for epoxy‐rich phase were almost unchanged at about 130 °C. Subsequently, the result of electrical and thermal properties measurement for composites indicated that their volume resistivity decreased from 3.29 × 1015 to 3.86 × 106 at 2.0 wt % MWCNTs and thermal conductivity were improved by 36.1% at the same time. © 2019 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Appl. Polym. Sci. 2019, 136, 47911.
Development of simple sequence repeat markers for Chamerion angustifolium (Onagraceae)
Authors: Mi Rui , Wang Tongcheng , Dunn Derek W. , Huang Kang , Li Baoguo 
Published: May 2019

PremiseRosebay willowherb, or fireweed (Chamerion angustifolium: Onagraceae), has diploid, tetraploid, and hexaploid cytotypes. There are known physiological and ecological differences among the three cytotypes, but genetic differences remain undetermined. We developed simple sequence repeat (SSR) markers for this species.Methods and ResultsLeaf samples were collected from three hexaploid C. angustifolium populations. We successfully amplified 16 SSR loci, which were found to be highly polymorphic. The number of alleles, the observed heterozygosity levels, and the expected heterozygosity levels ranged from four to 13, 0.286–0.899, and 0.372–0.871, respectively. Most primers could also be amplified successfully in C. conspersum and the closely related species Epilobium palustre.ConclusionsThe 16 polymorphic SSR markers developed here will be useful for genetic studies in C. angustifolium and related species.
Microwave‐Assisted Hydrothermal Synthesis of [Al(OH)(1,4‐NDC)] Membranes with Superior Separation Performances
Authors: Liu Yi , Hori Akihiro , Kusaka Shinpei , Hosono Nobuhiko , Li Mingrun , Guo Ang , Du Dongying , Li Yanshuo , Yang Weishen , Ma Yunsheng , Matsuda Ryotaro 
Published: May 2019

AbstractIn this study, we report a facile ligand‐assisted in situ hydrothermal approach for preparation of compact [Al(OH)(1,4‐NDC)] (1,4‐NDC=1,4‐naphthalenedicarboxylate) MOF membranes on porous γ‐Al2O3 substrates, which also served as the Al3+ source of MOF membranes. Simultaneously, it was observed that the heating mode exerted significant influence on the final microstructure and separation performance of [Al(OH)(1,4‐NDC)] membranes. Compared with the conventional hydrothermal method, the employment of microwave heating led to the formation of [Al(OH)(1,4‐NDC)] membranes composed of closely packed nanorods with superior H2/CH4 selectivity.
Medical students' attitudes toward lumbar puncture—And how to change
Authors: von Cranach Moritz , Backhaus Tilo , Brich Jochen 
Published: May 2019

AbstractObjectiveTo survey medical students on the lumbar puncture (LP) procedure in terms of their existing knowledge, practical experience and attitudes, and to determine whether the completion of a single standardized seminar that includes practical training on phantoms can alter these parameters.MethodsThe survey was completed by medical students undertaking the curricular neurology course. Students were asked to describe their practical experience in different bedside procedures, and document how they perceive LP in terms of their own knowledge, confidence and attitude. Students then participated in a newly designed 90‐min seminar that included practical training on phantoms and placed special emphasis both on the patients' point of view during the procedure and the benefits of an atraumatic approach. All students who completed the seminar were required to complete the survey for a second time.ResultsAmong the 153 participants, LP was associated with the lowest baseline levels of experience and confidence compared to other bedside procedures. Attitudes, knowledge, and confidence related to the various aspects of LP all showed significant improvement after the seminar.ConclusionA single standardized LP seminar with simulation training alters medical students' attitudes toward LP through improving their level of knowledge and confidence. This may have important implications in doctors‐to‐be on their stance toward LP and resultant advice to future patients regarding this important procedure.
Socioeconomic status and survival outcomes in elderly cancer patients: A national health insurance service‐elderly sample cohort study
Authors: Jang Bum‐Sup , Chang Ji Hyun 
Published: May 2019

AbstractBackgroundWe hypothesized that lower socioeconomic status (SES) was associated with higher all‐cause mortality in patients newly diagnosed with cancer, particularly in the elderly population.MethodsWe collected study patients from the stratified random sample of Korean National Health Insurance Elderly Cohort (2002‐2015). The Cox's proportional hazards model was used to investigate the risk factors for mortality. Income level and composite deprivation index (CDI) 2010 were used to define the SES: low, intermediate, and high SES groups. The comorbidities were measured using Charlson Comorbidity Index score. After a wash‐out period (2002), the final study population was 108 626 (2003‐2015).ResultsIn multivariate analysis, low SES was associated with poor overall survival (OS) (HR = 1.08, 95% CI: 1.05‐1.12, P < 0.001) and cancer‐specific survival (CSS) (HR = 1.11, 95% CI: 1.06‐1.16, P < 0.001) particularly for patients aged 70‐79 years. High SES was favorable prognostic factor of OS in patients aged 60‐69 years (HR = 0.85, 95% CI: 0.81‐0.89, P < 0.001), 70‐79 years (HR = 0.90, 95% CI: 0.87‐0.93, P < 0.001), and ≥80 years (HR = 0.91, 95% CI: 0.87‐0.96, P < 0.001). However, SES was not associated with CSS in advanced age patients (≥80 years). Patients with low SES manifesting colorectal, urinary, liver, gastric, melanoma, and esophageal cancers demonstrated worse OS, compared to patients with intermediate SES. Also, low SES patients with urinary, liver, or colorectal cancers or melanoma demonstrated worse CSS compared to those with intermediate SES.ConclusionLow SES at the time of cancer diagnosis is associated with increased risk of OS and CSS in elderly patients. Depending on cancer sites, different patterns of OS and CSS were observed according to SES. Further elucidation of the causes underlying these phenomena is needed along with appropriate support for elderly cancer patients with low SES.
Impact of preprocedural TIMI flow on clinical outcome in low‐risk patients with ST‐elevation myocardial infarction: Results from the ATLANTIC study
Authors: Bauer Timm , Zeymer Uwe , Diallo Abdourahmane , Vicaut Eric , Bolognese Leonardo , Cequier Angel , Huber Kurt , Montalescot Gilles , Hamm Christian W. , van't Hof Arnoud W. ,   for the ATLANTIC Investigators
Published: May 2019

AbstractOBJECTIVESThis study sought to analyze the impact of the preprocedural thrombolysis in myocardial infarction (TIMI) flow on clinical outcome in patients with ST‐elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI).BACKGROUNDPrevious studies have shown that the TIMI flow 0/1 prior to primary percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) is associated with a poor clinical outcome. However, it is unclear whether the same is true in patients with ongoing STEMI of less than 6 hr duration, rapid reperfusion, and modern guideline‐adherent therapy.METHODSThe ATLANTIC study compared prehospital versus inhospital treatment with ticagrelor in patients with acute STEMI. For this analysis, patients were divided into three groups according to the preprocedural TIMI flow grade of the infarct vessel: TIMI 0/1, TIMI 2, and TIMI 3.RESULTSFrom a total of 1,680 patients, 1,113 had TIMI 0/1, 279 TIMI 2, and 288 TIMI 3 flow before primary PCI. At 30 days, the composite ischemic endpoint (5.5, 2.9, and 2.1%, p < .05) and all‐cause death (3.0, 1.4, and 2.1%, p = .30) were highest in patients with TIMI flow 0/1. After adjustment, preprocedural TIMI flow <3 (versus 3) was not an independent predictor of major adverse ischemic events within 30 days (odds ratio 1.89, 95% confidence interval 0.74–4.85). However, definite stent thrombosis occurred only in patients with initial TIMI flow 0/1 (1.0%). Among these patients, those with prehospital administration of ticagrelor were less often affected (0.3% vs. 1.3%, p < .05).CONCLUSIONIn this post‐hoc analysis, preprocedural TIMI flow was not independently associated with a higher rate of adverse ischemic events.
α,β‐Unsaturated 2‐Acyl‐Imidazoles in Asymmetric Biohybrid Catalysis
Authors: Mansot Justine , Vasseur Jean‐Jacques , Arseniyadis Stellios , Smietana Michael 
Published: May 2019

Abstractα,β‐Unsaturated acylimidazoles have been used in a plethora of enantioselective transformations over the years and have unsurprisingly become privileged building blocks for asymmetric catalysis. Interestingly however, their use in asymmetric biohybrid catalysis as bidentate substrates able to interact with artificial metalloenzymes has only recently emerged, expanding considerably in the last few years. Easy to prepare and to post‐transform, α,β‐unsaturated acylimidazoles appear as leading synthons for the asymmetric construction of C−C and C−O bonds. This Minireview highlights the current and increasing interest of these key building blocks in the context of asymmetric biohybrid catalysis with the aim to stimulate further research into their still unexploited potential. The use of these α,β‐unsaturated acylimidazoles in metal‐catalyzed and organocatalyzed transformations will be covered in a back‐to‐back Minireview by Renata Marcia de Figueiredo, Jean‐Marc Campagne and co‐workers.
Asymmetric Aza‐Diels–Alder Reaction with Ion‐Paired—Iron Lewis Acid—Brønsted Acid Catalyst
Authors: Tomifuji Rei , Kurahashi Takuya , Matsubara Seijiro 
Published: May 2019

AbstractThe development and use of a multiple‐activation catalyst with ion‐paired Lewis acid and Brønsted acid in an asymmetric aza‐Diels–Alder reaction of simple dienes (non‐Danishefsky‐type electron‐rich dienes) was achieved by utilizing the [FeBr2]+[FeBr4]− combination prepared in situ from FeBr3 and chiral phosphoric acid. Synergistic effects of the highly active ion‐paired Lewis acid [FeBr2]+[FeBr4]− and a chiral Brønsted acid are important for promoting the reaction with high turnover frequency and high enantioselectivity. The multiple‐activation catalyst system was confirmed using synchrotron‐based X‐ray absorption fine structure measurements, and theoretical studies. This study reveals that the developed catalyst promoted the reaction not only by the interaction offered by the ion‐paired Lewis acid and the Brønsted acid but also noncovalent interactions.
Wasserwirtschaft 4.0 im Chemiepark Bitterfeld‐Wolfen
Authors: Gahr Achim , Wazinski Peter , Andreas Nils 
Published: May 2019

AbstractDer vorliegende Beitrag stellt am Beispiel des Chemieparks Bitterfeld‐Wolfen dar, wie Konzepte und Strategien von Industrie 4.0 für die Wasserwirtschaft genutzt werden können. Der Aufbau eines modernen Abwassermanagements zeigt, dass durch Digitalisierung und Automatisierung von Geschäftsabläufen den Anforderungen einer Wasserwirtschaft 4.0 Rechnung getragen werden kann. Für den Betreiber, dessen Aufgaben es sind, die ansässigen Firmen mit Nutzwasser zu versorgen, das Abwasser auflagenkonform abzuleiten und zu reinigen sowie verursachergerechte Gebühren zu erheben, ergeben sich erhebliche Vorteile hinsichtlich Prozesseffizienz, Ressourceneinsparung und Ergebnisqualität.
Benzene Triimides: Facile Synthesis and Self‐Assembly Study
Authors: Tuo De‐Hui , He Qing , Wang Qi‐Qiang , Ao Yu‐Fei , Wang De‐Xian 
Published: May 2019

Summary of main observation and conclusionHerein, we report an efficient one‐pot condensation of maleimide derivatives in the presence of acetic acid and water to afford a series of benzene triimides (BTIs). The structure, physicochemical properties and electrochemistry behavior of BTIs were studied by means of X‐ray crystallography, UV‐Vis spectra, cyclic voltammetry and differential pulse voltammetry. Owing to the planar structure and unique electron‐deficient nature, BTIs can self‐assemble into different motifs including nanorod, nanotube, nanobrick and cross‐linked structure depending on different N‐substituents. The origin for different self‐assemblies was ascribed to the intermolecular lone pair‐π interaction or a balance of lone pair‐π and π‐π stacking.
Synthesis and Evaluation of Nifurtimox–Adamantane Adducts with Trypanocidal Activity
Authors: Foscolos Angeliki‐Sofia , Papanastasiou Ioannis , Tsotinis Andrew , Taylor Martin C. , Kelly John M. 
Published: May 2019

AbstractThe synthesis and pharmacological evaluation of C1‐substituted adamantane hydrazones, their C2‐substituted isomers, and C1‐substituted adamantane furanoic carboxamides is described. These new adamantane derivatives exhibited an interesting pharmacological profile in terms of trypanocidal activity and selectivity. The most active adduct with the best selectivity in this study was found to be the phenylacetoxy hydrazone 1 b (2‐[4‐(tricyclo[3.3.1.13,7]dec‐1‐yl)phenyl]‐N′‐[(5‐nitrofuran‐2‐yl)methylene]acetohydrazide; EC50=11±0.9 nm, SITb=770).
Risk‐based treatment for patients with first relapse or progression of rhabdomyosarcoma: A report from the Children's Oncology Group
Authors: Mascarenhas Leo , Lyden Elizabeth R. , Breitfeld Philip P. , Walterhouse David O. , Donaldson Sarah S. , Rodeberg David A. , Parham David M. , Anderson James R. , Meyer William H. , Hawkins Douglas S. 
Published: May 2019

BackgroundThe purpose of this study was to evaluate risk and response–based multi‐agent therapy for patients with rhabdomyosarcoma (RMS) at first relapse.MethodsPatients with RMS and measurable disease at first relapse with unfavorable‐risk (UR) features were randomized to a 6‐week phase 2 window with 1 of 2 treatment schedules of irinotecan with vincristine (VI) (previously reported). Those with at least a partial response to VI continued to receive 44 weeks of multi‐agent chemotherapy including the assigned VI regimen. UR patients who did not have measurable disease at study entry, did not have a radiographic response after the VI window, or declined VI window therapy received 31 weeks of multi‐agent chemotherapy including tirapazamine (TPZ) at weeks 1, 4, 10, 19, and 28. Favorable‐risk (FR) patients received 31 weeks of the same multi‐agent chemotherapy without VI and TPZ.ResultsOne hundred thirty‐six eligible patients were enrolled. For 61 patients not responding to VI, the 3‐year failure‐free survival (FFS) and overall survival (OS) rates were 17% (95% confidence interval [CI], 8%‐29%) and 24% (13%‐37%), respectively. For 30 UR patients not treated with VI, the 3‐year FFS and OS rates were 21% (8%‐37%) and 39% (20%‐57%), respectively. FR patients had 3‐year FFS and OS rates of 79% (47%‐93%) and 84% (50%‐96%), respectively. There were no unexpected toxicities.ConclusionsPatients with UR RMS at first relapse or disease progression have a poor prognosis when they are treated with this multi‐agent therapy, whereas FR patients have a higher chance of being cured with second‐line therapy.
Existence and Uniqueness of Solutions for a Quasilinear KdV Equation with Degenerate Dispersion
Authors: Germain Pierre , Harrop‐Griffiths Benjamin , Marzuola Jeremy L. 
Published: May 2019

AbstractWe consider a quasilinear KdV equation that admits compactly supported traveling wave solutions (compactons). This model is one of the most straightforward instances of degenerate dispersion, a phenomenon that appears in a variety of physical settings as diverse as sedimentation, magma dynamics and shallow water waves. We prove the existence and uniqueness of solutions with sufficiently smooth, spatially localized initial data. © 2019 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Synthesis of ZnS/C Composites by Metal‐Organic Framework as High‐Performance Lithium‐Ion Batteries
Authors: Wu Hongda , Li Guang , Li Yue , Geng Zhongxing , Ren Tieqiang , Cai Tianfeng , Yang Zhanxu 
Published: May 2019

AbstractPlate‐like ZnS/C composite with the uniform combination of ZnS and carbon is obtained by pyrolyzing the metal–organic framework precursors which consist of Zn2+ and sulfur‐containing organic ligand and is used for high‐performance anode materials in Li‐ion batteries. The carbon in the composite synthesized cannot only improve the conductivity, but also efficiently buffer the large volume change of ZnS during the charge/discharge process, meanwhile the ZnS in composite mainly provides the specific capacity. Typically, after 80 cycles, the reversible capacity of the composite can maintain at 624 mAh g−1 under 0.3 A g−1 current density.
Capacitor voltage balancing in cascaded H‐bridge multilevel inverter and its modelling analysis for grid integrated wind energy conversion system application
Authors: Sharma Bhupender , Dahiya Ratna , Nakka Jayaram 
Published: May 2019

SummaryIn this study, a comprehensive control scheme for cascaded H‐bridge multilevel inverter (CHBMLI)‐based grid integrated bulk wind energy conversion system (WECS) addressing the problem of deviation of wind speeds among windmills like a partial shading condition of PV system is presented. The proposed control scheme uses independent dc links with reduced voltages that makes such a topology an ideal candidate for high and medium power WECS with improved reliability. Inconsistency of wind speeds at each turbine causes distinct voltage conditions among the isolated dc links of the CHBMLI H‐bridge cells (HBC) leading to unstable power generation. The projected scheme along with maximum and efficient energy conversion has the ability of dc link capacitor voltage balancing in each HBC of CHBMLI during the above said power generation mismatch conditions and also maintains power quality in the grid side voltage and injected currents as per standards. Moreover, the modelling analysis of the adopted CHBMLI for the grid integrated WECS application has also been derived. The system performance under inconsistent wind speed environment has been tested and analysed by using MATLAB simulation and validated by using FPGA‐based real‐time simulator (Opal‐RT‐OP5700).
Stabilizing Antibody Cocktails for Mass Cytometry
Authors: Schulz Axel R. , Baumgart Sabine , Schulze Julia , Urbicht Marie , Grützkau Andreas , Mei Henrik E. 
Published: May 2019

AbstractMass cytometry is increasingly employed in larger immune profiling studies involving data acquisitions across several days and multiple sites. For gaining a maximum of information from respective data by computational analyses, several techniques have been developed to minimize noise in mass cytometric data sets, such as sample banking, standardized instrument setup, sample barcoding, and signal normalization. However, the repeated preparation of cocktails composed of isotope‐tagged antibodies remained a significant source of error.We here show that premixed antibody cocktails fail to deliver expected staining patterns when stored at 4°C for 4 weeks. As a solution, we developed and tested a cryopreservation method for highly multiplexed antibody cocktails for mass cytometry including lanthanide, palladium, and platinum conjugates that yielded stable staining patterns for at least 9 months when stored at temperatures below −80°C. Using frozen aliquots of antibody cocktails is an economic and flexible approach to significantly improve data consistency in large mass cytometry studies with repetitive staining/measurement cycles spanning several days or involving multiple data acquisition sites. © 2019 International Society for Advancement of Cytometry