bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Detection and monitoring of postinterventional success and complications of the liver using contrast-enhanced ultrasound (CEUS) – a case report after interventional treatment of a giant hemangioma
Authors: Negrao de Figueiredo Giovanna , Rübenthaler Johannes , Müller-Peltzer Katharina , Clevert Dirk‑André 
Published: June 2018

This case report relates the use of contrast-enhanced ultrasound (CEUS) for the assessment and treatment of a postinterventional cholecystitis, a rare but important complication after transcatheter arterial embolization of a giant hemangioma. Regarding the imaging diagnosis, hemangiomas have specific features allowing a fast recognition by all radiological modalities,and in recent years, especially by CEUS.
Transcriptome Analysis of Neisseria gonorrhoeae during Natural Infection Reveals Differential Expression of Antibiotic Resistance Determinants between Men and Women
Authors: Nudel Kathleen , McClure Ryan , Moreau Matthew , Briars Emma , Abrams A. Jeanine , Tjaden Brian , Su Xiao-Hong , Trees David , Rice Peter A. , Massari Paola , Genco Caroline A. 
Published: June 2018

Recent emergence of antimicrobial resistance of
Neisseria gonorrhoeae
worldwide has resulted in limited therapeutic choices for treatment of infections caused by this organism. We performed global transcriptomic analysis of
N. gonorrhoeae
in subjects with gonorrhea who attended a Nanjing, China, sexually transmitted infection (STI) clinic, where antimicrobial resistance of
N. gonorrhoeae
is high and increasing. We found that
N. gonorrhoeae
transcriptional responses to infection differed in genital specimens taken from men and women, particularly antibiotic resistance gene expression, which was increased in men. These sex-specific findings may provide a new approach to guide therapeutic interventions and preventive measures that are also sex specific while providing additional insight to address antimicrobial resistance of
N. gonorrhoeae
.
Identification of Pathogenicity-Associated Loci in Klebsiella pneumoniae from Hospitalized Patients
Authors: Martin Rebekah M. , Cao Jie , Wu Weisheng , Zhao Lili , Manthei David M. , Pirani Ali , Snitkin Evan , Malani Preeti N. , Rao Krishna , Bachman Michael A. 
Published: June 2018

Klebsiella pneumoniae
is a common cause of infections in the health care setting. This work supports a paradigm for
K. pneumoniae
pathogenesis where the accessory genome, composed of genes present in some but not all isolates, influences whether a strain causes infection or asymptomatic colonization, after accounting for patient-level factors. Identification of patients at high risk of infection could allow interventions to prevent or rapidly treat
K. pneumoniae
infections.
Systematic review and meta-analysis: does colonic mural thickening on CT correlate with endoscopic findings at colonoscopy?
Authors: Chandrapalan Subashini , Tahir Faraz , Kimani Peter , Sinha Rakesh , Arasaradnam Ramesh 
Published: June 2018

BackgroundColonic mural thickening (MT) is often reported on standard CT examinations of the abdomen and pelvis. It often presents a dilemma for the clinician on whether any further evaluation is needed, especially in the absence of any set guidelines.ObjectiveTo evaluate the significance of colonic MT and to assess its correlation with colonoscopy.MethodsThe search strategy was initially developed in Medline and adapted for use in Embase, Medline, NHS Evidence and TRIP. Studies were included if they had reported colonic MT and subsequent colonoscopy in adults.ResultsA total of 9 cohort studies examining 1252 patients were selected having undergone both CT and colonoscopy. Of the 1252 patients with MT, 950 had an abnormal colonoscopy. In the presence of MT, the pooled positive predictive value (PPV) of having any abnormal findings at colonoscopy was 0.73 (95% CI 0.60 to 0.84). The pooled PPV for colorectal cancer, in the presence of MT reporting suspicion of cancer, was 0.63 (95% CI 0.49 to 0.75), and MT suggestive of inflammation confirmed at colonoscopy was 0.97.ConclusionThe probability of having an abnormal colonoscopy in the presence of MT identified on CT is high, especially for inflammation. Asymptomatic cancers may also be detected; hence, further endoscopic confirmation is reasonable when a finding of MT is demonstrated on CT examinations. Small sample sizes of the available studies and lack of data on the description of MT detected are the main limiting factors in this review.Trial registration numberCRD42016039378.
Study of occupation and amyotrophic lateral sclerosis in a Danish cohort
Authors: Dickerson Aisha S , Hansen Johnni , Kioumourtzoglou Marianthi-Anna , Specht Aaron J , Gredal Ole , Weisskopf Marc G 
Published: June 2018

ObjectivesSeveral manuscripts have proposed associations between amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) and occupational toxicant exposures—not to mention physical activity and trauma/injury. Some have also reported associations in investigations of specific occupations. Using data from a prospective Danish cohort study, we investigated the association between employment in certain industries and ALS diagnosis.MethodsWe identified 1826 ALS cases who were 25 years old or less in 1964 and diagnosed from 1982 to 2013 from the Danish National Patient Registry then matched 100 population controls to each case based on birth year and sex. Demographic data were linked to the Danish Pension Fund to determine occupation history. Conditional logistic regression models were adjusted for socioeconomic status, marital status and residential location at the index date.ResultsThere was an increase in odds of ALS among men who worked in agriculture, hunting, forestry or fishing (adjusted OR (aOR)=1.21; 95% CI 1.02 to 1.45). There was also a positive association for men employed in construction (aOR=1.21; 95% CI 1.05 to 1.39). In women, a protective association was seen with employment in the cleaning industry (aOR=0.69; 95% CI 0.52 to 0.93).ConclusionsOur study shows various occupations with exposure to toxicants, such as diesel exhaust and lead, and strenuous physical activity associated with increased odds of ALS in men. Future studies should have a particular focus on gathering detailed information on physical exertion and toxicant exposures specific to certain job tasks.
Patterns of shrub abundance and relationships with other plant types within the forest–tundra ecotone in northern Canada
Authors: Harper Karen A. , Lavallee Amanda A. , Dodonov Pavel 
Published: June 2018

Throughout the forest–tundra ecotone where trees and tall shrubs are becoming more abundant, knowledge of associations between shrubs and surrounding vegetation could inform predictions of their changing relationships. We assessed shrubs in 1 m × 1 m contiguous quadrats along two ∼450 m transects across tundra and ecotone landscapes near Churchill, Canada to determine patterns in relation to lakeshore edges, soil pH, microtopography, and other plant groups. We used wavelet analysis to assess patterns and generalized least squares for relationships with environmental variables. Shrubs were taller and more diverse at edges, particularly in tundra. The ecotone was more complex than tundra with greater variation in tall shrub and tree cover, shrub height, and microtopography. Shrub richness was positively correlated with microtopography but exhibited no relationship with pH. Bivariate relationships of shrubs with other plant groups varied for different scales. In tundra, shrub richness was negatively correlated with graminoids, forbs, and moss, but positively correlated with lichens within 1 m; opposite relationships were found at 4–60 m scales. Relationships in the ecotone were reversed and more complex at different scales. As trees encroach in the tundra, the spatial pattern of shrubs will become more complex at a variety of scales, likely with cascading effects on other plant types.
Evaluation of the curative effect of “Tertiary hospitals–Community Health Service Institutions–Family health care workers/Patients to participate in the annular management of COPD” model in the treatment of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease
Authors: Feng Cuiling , Meng Yufeng , Wang Jianhui , Yang Zhiyun , Zhou Wei , Gao Yunsheng , Yao Xiaoqin , Xue Guangwei , Liu Xiaotian , Li Lei , Wang Linyang , Wang Chengxiang , Li Fengsen 
Published: June 2018

Objective: To evaluate the curative effect of “Tertiary hospitals–Community Health Service Institutions–Family health care workers/patients to participate in the annular management of COPD” model in the treatment of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). Methods: 516 patients with COPD in the stable period of the disease were invited to participate in this cluster randomized trial with 260 patients in the trial group, and the other 256 in the control group. All the patients were treated with the routine medicine regimen. The integrated intervention for the trial group includes educational activity, physical activity and pharmacotherapy. Meanwhile, the trial group subdivided into Baduanjin group and other exercises group according to their own situations, COPD Assessment Test (CAT), the modified Medical Research Council (mMRC) Dyspnea Scale, number of acute exacerbation and spirometry were analyzed before, 6 months post and 12 months post. Results: After 12 months of annular management, CAT score of patients in the management group decreased 3.76, mMRC scale decreased 0.45, the number of acute exacerbation less than twice increased to 75%, which were superior to those of the control group ([Formula: see text]). Decreasing score of CAT and mMRC scale in Baduanjin group were much more than that in other exercise subgroup ([Formula: see text]). Conclusion: “Tertiary hospitals–Community Health Service Institutions–Family health care workers/patients to participate in the annular management of COPD” model can alleviate the symptoms of patients with stable COPD, improve the life quality and reduce the risk of exacerbation, and is more integrated than medication management. Baduanjin as Chinese characteristic pulmonary rehabilitation exercise is worthy of further promotion due to better outstanding other than sports in improving the quality of life.
TERT Promoter Mutation Detection in Cell-Free Tumor-Derived DNA in Patients with IDH Wild-Type Glioblastomas: A Pilot Prospective Study
Authors: Juratli Tareq A. , Stasik Sebastian , Zolal Amir , Schuster Caroline , Richter Sven , Daubner Dirk , Juratli Mazen A. , Thowe Rachel , Hennig Silke , Makina Meriem , Meinhardt Matthias , Lautenschlaeger Tim , Schackert Gabriele , Krex Dietmar , Thiede Christian 
Published: June 2018

Abstract
Purpose: We conducted a pilot study to assess the feasibility and the potential implications of detecting TERT promoter (TERTp)–mutant cell-free tumor-derived DNA (tDNA) in the cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) and plasma of glioblastoma patients.
Experimental Design: Matched CSF and plasma samples were collected in 60 patients with glial tumors. The CSF collection was obtained during surgery, before any surgical manipulation of the tumor. The extracted tDNA and corresponding tumor DNA samples were analyzed for TERTp and isocitrate dehydrogenase (IDH) hotspot mutations. In addition, the variant allele frequency (VAF) of TERTp mutation in the CSF-tDNA was correlated with tumor features and patients’ outcome.
Results: Thirty-eight patients had TERTp-mutant/IDH wild-type glioblastomas. The matched TERTp mutation in the CSF-tDNA was successfully detected with 100% specificity (95% CI, 87.6–100%) and 92.1% sensitivity (95% CI, 78.6–98.3%) (n = 35/38). In contrast, the sensitivity in the plasma-tDNA was far lower [n = 3/38, 7.9% (95% CI, 1.6–21.4%)]. We concordantly observed a longer overall survival of patients with low VAF in the CSF-tDNA when compared with patients with high VAF, irrespective of using the lower quartile VAF [11.45%; 14.0 mo. (95% confidence interval, CI, 10.3–17.6) vs. 8.6 mo. (95% CI, 4.1–13.2), P = 0.035], the lower third VAF [13%; 15.4 mo. (95% CI, 11.6–19.2) vs. 8.3 mo. (95% CI, 2.3–14.4), P = 0.008], or the median VAF [20.3%; 14.0 mo. (95% CI, 9.2–18.7) vs. 8.6 mo. (95% CI, 7.5–9.8), P = 0.062] to dichotomize the patients.
Conclusions: This pilot study highlights the value of CSF-tDNA for an accurate and reliable detection of TERTp mutations. Furthermore, our findings suggest that high TERTp mutation VAF levels in the CSF-tDNA may represent a suitable predictor of poor survival in glioblastoma patients. Further studies are needed to complement the findings of our exploratory analysis. Clin Cancer Res; 24(21); 5282–91. ©2018 AACR.
Neonatal Phototherapy: A Novel Therapy to Prevent Allergic Skin Disease for At Least 5 Years
Authors: Ku Min-Sho  
Published: June 2018

<b><i>Background:</i></b> Preventing the development of allergic skin disease in children is the best way to treat the disease. <b><i>Objectives:</i></b> Ultraviolet (UV)-free blue light phototherapy has been reported to treat atopic eczema. We evaluated the effect of neonatal phototherapy on allergic skin disease in children. <b><i>Methods:</i></b> We randomly recruited 117,041 children from an insurance research database. Those with neonatal jaundice and receiving neonatal phototherapy were classified as the icteric-phototherapy group (<i>n</i> = 4,744), those with neonatal jaundice and not receiving phototherapy were classified as the icteric-non-phototherapy group (<i>n</i> = 5,003), and those without jaundice were classified as the non-icteric group (<i>n </i>= 107,294). We reviewed claims from birth to age 5 years. The prevalence of atopic dermatitis (AD), clinical visit times, and topical prescriptions for allergic skin disease at different ages were compared among groups. <b><i>Results:</i></b> AD prevalence was lower in the icteric-phototherapy group than in the icteric-non-phototherapy group. Moreover, clinical visit times for allergic skin disease were lower at age 1–4 years, and topical agent prescription for allergic skin disease were lower at age 1–5 years, in the icteric-phototherapy group than in the icteric-non-phototherapy group. The decreased use of topical agents could reach 64.29%. The 5-year complications of skin disease and cancer in the phototherapy group were not higher. <b><i>Conclusions:</i></b> To our knowledge, this is the first study to report on the effect of UV-free blue light therapy on allergic skin disease in newborns. Blue light therapy in newborns may be a novel method to efficiently prevent allergic skin disease for at least 5 years.
The Herpetofauna from Ilha Grande (Angra dos Reis, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil): updating species composition, richness, distribution and endemisms
Authors: Rocha Carlos Frederico Duarte , Telles Felipe Bottona da Silva , Vrcibradic Davor , Nogueira-Costa Paulo 
Published: June 2018

Ilha Grande is a large continental island (total area of 19,300 ha) situated at the southern coast of the state of Rio de Janeiro, in southeast Brazil, within the Atlantic Forest Biome. Here we provide an update to the previous knowledge of the fauna of amphibians and reptiles occurring in Ilha Grande, based on primary data from our own fieldwork and on secondary data (from institutional collections and from the literature). We report the occurrence at Ilha Grande of a total of 74 species, being 34 amphibians (all of them anurans) and 40 reptiles (27 snakes, 11 lizards, one amphisbaenian and one crocodylian). Our survey added 14 species to the herpetofaunal list of Ilha Grande (three of amphibians and eleven of reptiles) and removed one species (the amphibian Cycloramphus fuliginosus) from the previous list. The data indicated that Ilha Grande houses a considerable portion of the Atlantic Forest amphibian and reptile diversity (ca. 6% and 19%, respectively, of the species occurring in this biome) together with high occurrence of species endemic to this biome plus a few amphibian species endemic to this island. Ilha Grande is thus an important reservoir of both biodiversity and endemism of amphibians and reptiles of the Atlantic Forest of Brazil, which highlights the importance of the conservation of the island and of its different habitats along the insular landscape.
Orthoepy in the Tiberian Reading Tradition of the Hebrew Bible and Its Historical Roots in the Second Temple Period
Authors: Khan Geoffrey 
Published: June 2018

AbstractThe Tiberian reading tradition of the Hebrew Bible contains a variety of features that point to its origin in the Second Temple period. Once such feature is the careful reading of the inflected forms of the verbsהָיָהandחָיָהto ensure that they are not confused. The paper directs particular attention to the lengthening of the vowels of the prefix conjugation (imperfect) of these verbs, which can be reconstructed from medieval sources. It is argued through comparison with the Babylonian tradition of Biblical Hebrew that this lengthening is an orthoepic feature that has its roots in the Second Temple Period. This demonstrates that the priestly authorities who were concerned with the careful preservation of the written text were also concerned with the careful preservation of the orally transmitted reading tradition.
Tools for Science
Authors: Chapron Emmanuelle 
Published: June 2018

Abstract
This article presents an overall reflection on the libraries that were assembled in scientific institutions in France and Italy in the eighteenth century using case studies and comparative approaches. It focuses in particular on five scientific academies (located in Turin, Florence, Paris and Brest) and two Florentine institutions, the Museo di Fisica e di Storia Naturale and the Santa Maria Nuova Hospital. Decisions made regarding library premises, book procurement policies, catalogue publications and whether or not to open to the public were all investments that demonstrated the role of the written culture in the identity of scholarly communities, including those (such as the naval and surgeons’ communities) whose members had long been seen as professionals firmly rooted in a manual practice that was detached from theory. This article thus shows how libraries participated in the institutionalisation of scientific activities, the definition of professional knowledge and the formation of scholarly collectives.
The Early Development of the Achromatic Telescope Revisited
Authors: Zuidervaart Huib , Cocquyt Tiemen 
Published: June 2018

Abstract
The emergence in the Netherlands of a flint forward achromatic telescope with a provenance going back to the English optician William Eastland (1702–1787), known for his opposition to the Dollond patent on the achromatic telescope, prompted us to review the early history of the achromatic telescope, especially with regard to Eastland’s role and testimony during the Dollond lawsuit. An investigation of this Eastland-related telescope revealed that the configuration of its doublet lens differed from the design Eastland had sketched in court. However, the close fitting of the two lenses constitutes a plausible next step in the improvement of the achromat. This configuration appeared to be identical in design to the one used in the earliest known flint-forward configuration made by the Dollond firm. An analysis of the spherical aberration of other early designs of the achromat, using the theory only available at the time, indicates that probably several designs steps were deliberately taken. To explain the developments that emerge from the presented curvatures, we propose a sequence of designs for the configuration of doublet lenses. Starting with the presumed Moor Hall design of the 1730s, we discuss the flint forward designs of the early achromats, as well as the crown forward designs of the later period. Most English achromatic telescopes were the result of a process of ‘trial and error,’ designed almost with no influence from the theory developed by several European scholars since 1760. However, in France – and from 1774 onwards in Holland – dioptrical theory was the leading one for most of the optical practitioners.
A Simple Model for the Anomalous Counterclockwise Turning of the Surface Wind with Time over the Great Plains of the United States
Authors: Rotunno Richard , Romine Glen S. , Bluestein Howard B. 
Published: June 2018

AbstractA recent study found that surface hodographs over the Great Plains of the United States turn in a counterclockwise direction with time. This observed turning is opposite of the clockwise turning observed (and expected, based on theory) at higher altitudes. Using a mesoscale forecast model, the same study shows that it has the same hodograph behavior as found in the observations. The study further shows that the reason for this anomalous counterclockwise turning is the decoupling of the surface layer from the boundary layer after sunset and its recoupling after sunrise. The present paper presents a simple model for this behavior by extending a recent analytical model for the diurnal oscillation to include the surface-layer effect. In addition, selected solution features are analyzed in terms of several of the nondimensional input parameters.
A Climatology of Strong Large-Scale Ocean Evaporation Events. Part II: Relevance for the Deuterium Excess Signature of the Evaporation Flux
Authors: Aemisegger Franziska , Sjolte Jesper 
Published: June 2018

AbstractThis paper discusses the relevance of transient events of strong large-scale ocean evaporation (SLOE) for the deuterium excess of marine boundary layer vapor d using a theoretical framework that invokes the closure assumption. We argue that during SLOE events, d is essentially determined by the evaporation flux signature. Distinct high d during SLOE with global-mean values in the range of 12‰–23‰ depending on the nonequilibrium fractionation factor αk result from the large air–sea humidity gradients reflected in low relative humidity with respect to sea surface temperature (hs = 53% ± 9%) that characterize these events. Extratropical cyclones are highlighted as an important driver for the variability of d. On the one hand, they are themselves associated with high hs and low d, especially in areas of cloud formation and precipitation in the warm sector. On the other hand, cyclones are the main driver inducing SLOE events with high d in regions of cold-air advection upstream of their path. The sensitivity of d to its direct climate controls (hs and SST) is analyzed during SLOE for different αk formulations and found to be coherent with d–hs and d–SST slopes determined from available observations. The d–hs relationship exhibits a robust negative correlation as opposed to the d–SST relationship, which shows regional and time-scale-dependent variations in strength and sign that are induced by indirect hs–SST cross-correlation effects. The dynamical features involved in SLOE generation appear to exert a key control on the moisture source properties relevant for d in the extratropics.