bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Pulse Phase Variation of the Cyclotron Line in HMXB 4U 1907+09 with AstroSat LAXPC
Authors: Varun  , Pradhan Pragati , Maitra Chandreyee , Raichur Harsha , Paul Biswajit 
Published: July 2019

Abstract
We present timing and spectral analysis of data from an observation of the high mass X-ray binary pulsar 4U 1907+09 with the Large Area X-ray Proportional Counter instrument onboard AstroSat. The light curve consisted of a flare at the beginning of the observation, followed by persistent emission. The pulsar continues to spin down, and the pulse profile is found to be double-peaked up to 16 keV with the peaks separated by a phase of ∼0.45. Significant energy dependence of the pulse profile is seen with diminishing amplitude of the secondary peak above 16 keV, and increasing amplitude of the main peak up to 40 keV with a sharp decline after that. We confirm earlier detections of the cyclotron resonance scattering feature (CRSF) in 4U 1907+09 at ∼18.5 ± 0.2 keV in the phase-averaged spectrum with a high detection significance. An intensity resolved spectral analysis of the initial flare in the light curve shows that the CRSF parameters do not change with a change in luminosity by a factor of 2.6. We also performed pulse phase-resolved spectral analysis with 10 independent phase bins. The energy and the strength of the cyclotron line show pulse phase dependence that is in agreement with previous measurements. Two features from the current observation (different energy dependence of the two pulse peaks and a strong CRSF only around the secondary peak) both indicate a deviation from a dipole geometry of the magnetic field of the neutron star, or complex beaming pattern from the two poles.
La politique fiscale : de nouvelles orientations
Authors: Valenduc Christian 
Published: July 2019

La politique fiscale a joué un rôle significatif dans la législature qui s’achève. Au niveau fédéral, les deux réformes fiscales majeures furent le tax shift et la réforme de l’impôt des sociétés. La première était partie intégrante de l’accord de gouvernement tandis que la seconde ne l’était pas. Sa mise à l’agenda provient des évolutions en fiscalité internationale, avec l’accord Beps conclu en 2015 au niveau de l’OCDE et G20 et les Directives européennes qui suivirent. Le tax shift vise à déplacer la taxation du travail vers la consommation et vers le capital, avec un ciblage sur la partie inférieure de la distribution des salaires. Le glissement n’est que partiel, ce qui rend les conséquences macroéconomiques favorables. L’effet redistributif n’est pas clair. Réduire l’IPP et financer par des taxes indirectes a un effet anti-redistributif mais le glissement vers la taxation du capital et les effets d’offre de travail devraient avoir l’effet inverse. La réforme de l’impôt des sociétés est typiquement une réforme « taux bas – base large », qui introduit un changement clair dans l’orientation de politique fiscale de la Belgique. Au niveau régional, les dépenses fiscales ont été réduites dans les trois Régions et, en région bruxelloise, une réforme fiscale plus large a organisé un glissement supplémentaire de la taxation des revenus de l’activité professionnelle vers la taxation de l’immobilier. D’importants chantiers restent ouverts au niveau fédéral, notamment l’élargissement des bases imposables, une fiscalité de l’épargne plus uniforme et une utilisation accrue de la fiscalité environnementale.
Financement des pensions : rétrospectives et perspectives
Authors: Hindriks Jean , Baurin Arno 
Published: July 2019

Nous commençons par une analyse rétrospective du financement des pensions et de la sécurité sociale sur base de séries longues issues des comptes nationaux pour la période 1995-2017. Cette première partie révèle trois faits saillants : le glissement progressif vers le financement alternatif, la répartition stable entre les cotisations employeurs, employés et indépendants, et l’évolution plus rapide des dépenses de pension par rapport aux cotisations depuis 2003. Concernant la dynamique entre 2007 et 2017, on constate une augmentation des dépenses de pension de 14,6 milliards dont plus des trois quarts sont liées à la hausse de la pension moyenne et un quart à l’accroissement du nombre de pensionnés. Dans la seconde partie, nous étudions les perspectives de financement sur base des projections démographiques et d’emploi du Bureau fédéral du Plan. Nous simulons différents mécanismes d’ajustement (au delà de l’allongement des carrières), notamment la hausse des cotisations ou la baisse du taux de remplacement. Nous montrons qu’il est possible en combinant ces deux mesures de réduire de 1/3 l’ajustement des cotisations et de 2/3 l’ajustement des pensions. Nous montrons enfin qu’en l’absence d’un ajustement des cotisations ou du taux de remplacement, le financement alternatif augmentera à l’horizon 2040 de 33 % dans la perspective d’une croissance du taux d’emploi et de 50 % dans la perspective d’un taux d’emploi constant. Codes JEL : H55, J11, J14, J26
Les dirigeant·e·s de médias
Authors: Sedel Julie 
Published: July 2019

L’objectif de cet article consiste à saisir l’évolution du journalisme français à travers une sociologie des dirigeant·e·s de médias. Les transformations sociologiques mais aussi capitalistiques ou technologiques accentuent les contraintes hétéronomes sur les journalistes. Plus largement, l’analyse des principes de hiérarchisation de l’espace de la production de l’information et des carrières des patrons de médias contribuent à dévoiler certaines logiques de fonctionnement du champ médiatique. Ces dirigeant·e·s se distinguent en fonction de leurs capitaux administratif et journalistique, de leur ancienneté dans le secteur et de leur degré de consécration. Les modalités de sélection de ces dirigeant·e·s de médias représentent une manière originale d’analyser les transactions entre secteur médiatique, économique, politique et intellectuel. L’hétérogénéité des filières d’accès aux fonctions de direction montre que la direction de médias constitue un « espace carrefour » à l’intersection des grands groupes privés, du journalisme, de l’édition, de la haute fonction publique, des cabinets ministériels, du monde intellectuel, universitaire et de la culture, du champ politique et des instances de régulation.
Growth and Mortality of Invasive Flathead Catfish in the Tidal James River, Virginia
Authors: Hilling Corbin D. , Bunch Aaron J. , Emmel Jason A. , Schmitt Joseph D. , Orth Donald J. 
Published: July 2019

AbstractInvasive species are a major threat to biodiversity of native fishes in North America. In Atlantic coastal rivers of the United States, large catfishes introduced from the Gulf of Mexico drainages have become established and contributed to native species declines. Flathead Catfish Pylodictis olivaris were introduced to the Chesapeake Bay drainage in the 1960s and 1970s in the James and Potomac river systems in the eastern United States. Diet studies have found James River Flathead Catfish function as apex predators and are known to consume at-risk Alosa spp. To limit further range expansion and impacts to native species, resource management agencies need information on population characteristics to support population assessments and management plan development. Thus, we examined temporal trends in growth rates and estimated total instantaneous mortality for tidal James River Flathead Catfish collected by Virginia Department of Game and Inland Fisheries from 1997 to 2015. Parameters of the von Bertalanffy growth model with length-at-age observations pooled across sampling years were estimated as L∞ = 1,059 mm, k = 0.231/y, and t0 = 0.55 y. Flathead Catfish growth differed among sampling years, especially for the years 2007 and 2014, which had the largest sample sizes. However, there were no obvious temporal trends in growth trajectories. James River Flathead Catfish tend to grow much faster than most populations used in development of the relative growth index, but the species is known to grow faster in its nonnative range. Consequently, scientists and managers should use caution when applying growth indices if native and nonnative populations are not expressly considered in development of the index. We estimated total instantaneous mortality as Z = 0.50 and mean natural mortality from six estimators as M = 0.30. A lack of older individuals in the population means that mortality rates may be overestimated as a result of gear selectivity or ongoing maturation of the population. These data provide information to support future work examining the species in the James River and development of population models to evaluate management strategies and management plans.
Awareness and Occupational Exposures to Needlestick Injuries among Healthcare Workers: A Quantitative Assessment in a Ghanaian Metropolis
Authors: Obirikorang Christian , Opoku Samuel K. , Obirikorang Yaa , Acheampong Emmanuel , Yorke Joseph , Donkoh Emmanuel T. , Chidera Chike , Sarpong Davis , Anto Enoch O. , Issahaku Razak , Appeaning Mark , Nelson Christian , Batu Emmanuella N. , Amakwah Bright , Asamoah Evans A. , Amoah Beatrice , Afraine Bright O. 
Published: July 2019

Abstract
Background: This study determined awareness and occupational exposures to needlestick injuries (NSIs) and its associated risk factors among healthcare workers (HCWs) in the Kumasi Metropolis, Ghana. Materials and Methods: A descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted among a total of 540 HCWs from three selected tertiary hospitals in the Kumasi Metropolis, Ghana. Data were collected using a structured questionnaire and analyzed. Results: All the study participants were aware of NSI and NSI-associated hepatitis B virus (HBV), hepatitis C virus, or human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) acquisition. Most of them (63.6%) were trained on the safety use of sharps devices and the majority of them preferred safety-engineered devices (79.8%). A greater proportion of the participants has had HBV vaccination (85.9%). The prevalence of NSIs was approximately 47%. NSIs were highly ranked to occur at patient's bedside (28.5%) and clinical laboratories (24.6%). Handling of needles/sharp objects before usage (27.7%) and during usage (34.0%) ranked the second and first cause of NSIs among health workers, respectively. Compared with those with less than 5 years working experience, having worked at the health facility between 5 and 10 years (prevalence rate ration [PRR] = 2.07 [1.39–3.11], p = 0.0004), 11–15 years (PRR = 4.32 [2.14–8.73], p &lt; 0.0001), and &gt;15 years (PRR = 5.73 [2.40–13.70], p &lt; 0.0001) were associated with increased events of NSI. Conclusion: Despite the high awareness of NSIs and its perceived risk of infection acquisition, the prevalence of NSIs was high among HCWs. There is, therefore, the need for employers to enforce the universal precaution practices, provide regular training and education, and ensure adherence of HCWs to safety precaution of needle usage disease.
Evaluation of Salivary and Oral Cell Collection Methods for Genomic DNA Extraction
Authors: Fernandez Clarissa Christina Avelar , Ferreira Fernanda Farage da Costa Felipe , Vasconcellos Cruz Christiane , Costa Marcelo de Castro 
Published: July 2019

The use of saliva and oral cells as sources of biological material has gained attention, due to advantages such as facility, non-invasiveness, and great patient acceptance. The objective of the study was to compare four different types of saliva and oral buccal cell collecting methods for genomic DNA extraction: (1)Expectoration of saliva, (2)Expectoration of saliva with lingual stimulation, (3)Scraping with cytological brush, and (4)Scraping with cytological brush and expectoration of saliva. The sample was composed of students and employees from the Dental School of the Federal University of Rio de Janeiro (n = 20, 10 men and 10 women with mean age of 47.60 ± 15.70 and 20.50 ± 2.1, respectively). The collections were performed with an interval of at least one day between them and the participants were instructed to stay for less than 30 minutes without eating food and brushing teeth. Samples were stored at -20°C until DNA extraction was performed using a commercially available kit (Qiagen®). Differences in DNA yield between methods were test for statistical significance with an alpha of 0.05. No sexual dimorphism was observed in relation to the concentration of DNA (p=0.76), age (p=0.91), and ethnicities (p=0.72). There was no significant difference between the collection methods in relation to the quantity and purity of the extracted DNA (p≥0.05). All methods gave lower DNA yields than the ones obtained from blood or saliva collected through comercial kits and maybe carefully use forclinical diagnostic purposes or for research experiements requiring higher DNA concentrations.
Produção de sequência didática com base no gênero infográfico em língua inglesa: um olhar para o processo de transposição didática
Authors: Lopes Pontara Claudia 
Published: July 2019

Este trabalho é parte de uma pesquisa de doutoramento cujo objetivo geral consiste em investigar se e em que medida acontece o desenvolvimento de professores de Língua Inglesa da Rede Pública do Estado do Paraná ao participarem de uma Sequência de Formação - SF, alicerçada nos pressupostos teórico-metodológicos do Interacionismo Sociodiscursivo - ISD, no ensino de línguas por meio de gêneros de texto e no procedimento Sequência Didática - SD. Neste artigo, traçamos um paralelo entre a SD elaborada por uma professora participante da SF e as dimensões ensináveis do gênero de texto infográfico, com vistas a analisar como se deu o processo de transposição didática externa do referido gênero e quais indícios de desenvolvimento podem ser percebidos nesse processo de produção docente. Os resultados destacam a importância de que o professor conheça profundamente o gênero de texto com o qual irá trabalhar, para que possa realizar adequadamente o processo de transposição didática. Para tanto, o modelo didático do gênero, bem como a SD com a qual irá conduzir o processo de ensino e aprendizagem são elementos mediadores que podem colaborar com esse processo de entendimento do professor, especialmente, quando ele mesmo os elabora. Essa ação de elaboração de material didático, em nosso caso a SD, sendo constitutiva de um processo mais amplo de formação – a SF pode contribuir para a criação de novas zonas de desenvolvimento proximal no professor participante – fator essencial rumo ao desenvolvimento profissional do docente.
Marcas do tempo na poesia de Nuno Júdice
Authors: Gund Ivana Teixeira Figueiredo 
Published: July 2019

O tempo é um elemento que revela bem mais que marcações cronológicas. Considerado em seu aspecto fugidio, ele é associado à inconstância própria do movimento da vida e da literatura. Diante disso, este estudo analisa a presença do tempo em cinco poemas do livro Meditação sobre ruínas (1999), de Nuno Júdice. Para tanto, toma as reflexões de Martelo (2010), Benjamin (1989), Marques (2006), Friedrich (1978) e Agamben (2006). Nos desdobramentos de sentido do tema, a relação do poeta com a tradição literária é marcada por um passado relido como tempo mítico, legado cultural ou elemento do próprio presente. Na poética de Júdice há uma consciência dos processos dinâmicos que constituem a vida e a escrita. Nesse sentido, o poeta percebe o momento histórico – a contemporaneidade – ao compreender as relações com a tradição herdada, com os seus pares e com os novos percursos literários que, fatalmente, irão se impor. Em outros termos, o tempo na sua poesia se situa entre o legado e um porvir, se não apocalíptico, pelo menos conturbado.
De digitale werkwijzen van de ACM en de AFM bekeken met een AVG-bril
Authors: Beumer Elsbeth 
Published: July 2019

De digitale werkwijzen van de ACM en de AFM bekeken met een AVG-bril
Voor het opsporen van overtredingen vergaren toezichthouders in toenemende mate digitaal materiaal bij vermeende overtreders. De bevoegdheid om digitaal opgeslagen zakelijke gegevens te kopiëren, hebben toezichthouders op grond van artikel 5:17 Awb. De ACM en AFM hebben deze bevoegdheid en de manier waarop zij het digitale materiaal verzamelen en kopiëren uitgewerkt in een werkwijze. In dit artikel worden deze ‘digitale werkwijzen’ van de ACM en AFM bekeken met een AVG-bril. Is de bevoegdheid om (soms grote) hoeveelheden en (on)gestructureerde data te verzamelen en kopiëren in overeenstemming met de AVG? En zo ja, welke eisen stelt de AVG aan de digitale werkwijzen?
Introducción a la sección especial. El alojamiento universitario en España
Authors: Pié Ninot Ricard , Rubiralta Alcañiz Màrius 
Published: July 2019

Introducción a la sección especial dedicada a las residencias universitarias en España.
Introducció a la secció especial dedicada a les residències universitàries a Espanya.
Introduction to the special section dedicated to university residences in Spain.
A six-microRNA signature can better predict overall survival of patients with esophagus adenocarcinoma
Authors: Lan Tian , Lu Yunyan , Xiao Zunqiang , Xu Haibin , He Junling , Hu Zujian , Mao Weimin 
Published: July 2019

Background
The microRNAs (miRNAs) have been validated as prognostic markers in many cancers. Here, we aimed at developing a miRNA-based signature for predicting the prognosis of esophagus adenocarcinoma (EAC).

Methods
The RNA-sequencing data set of EAC was downloaded from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA). Eighty-four patients with EAC were classified into a training set and a test set randomly. Using univariate Cox regression analysis and the least absolute shrinkage and selection operator (LASSO), we identified prognostic factors and constructed a prognostic miRNA signature. The accuracy of the signature was evaluated by the receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve.

Result
In general, in the training set, six miRNAs (hsa-mir-425, hsa-let-7b, hsa-mir-23a, hsa-mir-3074, hsa-mir-424 and hsa-mir-505) displayed good prognostic power as markers of overall survival for EAC patients. Relative to patients in the low-risk group, those assigned to the high-risk group according to their risk scores of the designed miRNA model displayed reduced overall survival. This 6-miRNA model was validated in test and entire set. The area under curve (AUC) for ROC at 3 years was 0.959, 0.840, and 0.868 in training, test, and entire set, respectively. Molecular functional analysis and pathway enrichment analysis indicated that the target messenger RNAs associated with 6-miRNA signature were closely related to several pathways involved in carcinogenesis, especially cell cycle.

Conclusion
In summary, a novel 6-miRNA expression-based prognostic signature derived from the EAC data of TCGA was constructed and validated for predicting the prognosis of EAC.
Determination of Amlodipine Besilate and Azilsartan Medoxomil by UHPLC, HPTLC and Spectrophotometric Techniques
Authors: Soliman Marwa Mohammed , Darwish Manal Kamal , Abdel-Razeq Sawsan Abdel-Moneem 
Published: July 2019

Aims: To develop methods with complete validation according to ICH guidelines and to be applied for the determination of both drugs in laboratory prepared mixtures and in synthetic tablets.
Study Design: Ultra high performance liquid chromatography (UHPLC), High performance thin layer chromatography (HPTLC) and visible spectrophotometric methods are developed for determination of amlodipine besilate and azilsartan medoxomil in laboratory-prepared mixtures and in synthetic tablets.
Methodology: Two techniques have been developed for the simultaneous determination of amlodipine besilate and azilsartan medoxomil in pure form and synthetic tablets. The first was UHPLC in which separation was achieved on a C18 column using 0.1% o-phosphoric acid - acetonitrile - methanol (60:10:30, by volume) as mobile phase with detection at 243nm. The second was HPTLC where separation was performed on silica gel 60 F254 plates using chloroform- tolune-methanol-glacial acetic acid (7: 1.5: 1.5: 0.5 by volume) as a developing system and UV detection at 243nm. In addition, visible- spectrophotometric method was developed for determination of amlodipine besilate in presence of azilsartan medoxomil through formation of yellowish orange colored product after reaction of amlodipine besilate with anisaldehde in acid medium with λmax at 443 nm.
Results: UHPLC method was linear over the concentration ranges of 2-20 μg/ mL and 4-40 μg/ mL while HPTLC method was linear over the concentration ranges of 0.2 -4.0 μg/ spot and 0.5-8.0 μg/ spot for amlodipine besilate and azilsartan medoxomil, respectively. The visible spectrophotometric method was found to be valid over the concentration range of 10–80 μg/mL for amlodipine besilate.
Conclusion: The proposed three techniques are rapid, accurate and precise, thus can be effectively applied for the routine estimation of both drugs in bulk and in their combined formulations.
Addendum zu 1,1,1‐Trichlorethan [BAT value documentation in German language, 2019]
Authors: Bolt H.M. , Drexler H. , Hartwig A. ,   MAK Commission
Published: July 2019

Abstract

In 2018, the German Commission for the Investigation of Health Hazards of Chemical Compounds in the Work Area has re‐evaluated the Biological Tolerance Value (BAT) of 1,1,1‐trichloroethane (methyl chloroform) after the MAK value for 1,1,1‐trichloroethane has been lowered from 200 ml/m
3
to 100 ml/m
3
. In consequence, the previous BAT value of 550 µg 1,1,1‐trichloroethane per L blood was adjusted to 275 µg 1,1,1‐trichloroethane per L blood. The sampling conditions (at the beginning of the next shift, after several shifts) remain unchanged.
Couch modeling optimization for tomotherapy planning and delivery
Authors: Okada Wataru , Tanooka Masao , Sano Keisuke , Shibata Mayuri , Doi Hiroshi , Miyazaki Masayoshi , Nakahara Ryuta , Sueoka Masaki , Suzuki Hitomi , Fujiwara Masayuki , Inomata Taisuke , Yamakado Koichiro 
Published: July 2019

AbstractWe sought to validate new couch modeling optimization for tomotherapy planning and delivery. We constructed simplified virtual structures just above a default setting couch through a planning support system (MIM Maestro, version 8.2, MIM Software Inc, Cleveland, OH, USA). Based on ionization chamber measurements, we performed interactive optimization and determined the most appropriate physical density of these virtual structures in a treatment planning system (TPS). To validate this couch optimization, Gamma analysis and these statistical analyses between a three‐dimensional diode array QA system (ArcCHECK, Sun Nuclear, Melbourne, FL, USA) results and calculations from ionization chamber measurements were performed at 3%/2 mm criteria with a threshold of 10% in clinical QA plans. Using a virtual model consisting of a center slab density of 4.2 g/cm3 and both side slabs density of 1.9 g/cm3, we demonstrated close agreement between measured dose and the TPS calculated dose. Agreement was within 1% for all gantry angles at the isocenter and within 2% in off‐axis plans. In validation of the couch modeling in a clinical QA plan, the average gamma passing rate improved approximately 0.6%–5.1%. It was statistically significant (P < 0.05) for all treatment sites. We successfully generated an accurate couch model for a TomoTherapy TPS by interactively optimizing the physical density of the couch using a planning support system. This modeling proved to be an efficient way of correcting the dosimetric effects of the treatment couch in tomotherapy planning and delivery.