bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Photochemical Construction of Carbonitride Structures for Red‐Light Redox Catalysis
Authors: Yang Pengju , Wang Ruirui , Zhou Min , Wang Xinchen 
Published: May 2018

AbstractMetal‐free carbonitride(CN) semiconductors are appealing light‐transducers for photocatalytic redox reactions owing to the unique band gap and stability. To harness solar energy efficiently, CN catalysts that are active over a wider range of the visible spectrum are desired. Now a photochemical approach has been used to prepare a new‐type triazine‐based CN structure. The obtained CN shows extraordinary light‐harvesting characteristics, with suitable semiconductor‐redox potentials. The light absorption edge of the CN reaches up to 735 nm, which is significantly longer than that of the conventional CN semiconductor at about 460 nm. As expected, the CN can efficiently catalyze oxidation of alcohols and reduction of CO2 with visible light, even under red‐light irradiation. The results represent an important step toward the development of red‐light‐responsive triazine‐based structures for solar applications.
Development and characterization of 23 polymorphic microsatellite loci for Amentotaxus argotaenia (Taxaceae), a relict vulnerable species
Authors: Huang Qiqi , Wang Zhen , Wang Ting , Su Yingjuan 
Published: May 2018

Premise of the StudyNew microsatellite markers were developed for the vulnerable conifer species Amentotaxus argotaenia (Taxaceae) to investigate population genetic variation and the effects of environmental heterogeneity on genetic structure.Methods and ResultsA total of 27 microsatellite loci were developed from A. argotaenia through a Fast Isolation by AFLP of Sequences COntaining repeats (FIASCO) protocol, of which 23 were polymorphic. These markers yielded 1–13 alleles and 1.0–7.9 effective alleles per locus; levels of observed and expected heterozygosity varied from 0.000–1.000 and 0.000–0.873, respectively. In total, 18 of the markers were transferable to the related species A. yunnanensis.ConclusionsThese polymorphic markers are a valuable genetic resource for investigating population genetic variation and the potential for local adaptation in A. argotaenia.
Association Between Reappearance of Myeloperoxidase–Antineutrophil Cytoplasmic Antibody and Relapse in Antineutrophil Cytoplasmic Antibody–Associated Vasculitis
Authors: Watanabe Haruki , Sada Ken‐Ei , Matsumoto Yoshinori , Harigai Masayoshi , Amano Koichi , Dobashi Hiroaki , Fujimoto Shouichi , Usui Joichi , Yamagata Kunihiro , Atsumi Tatsuya , Banno Shogo , Sugihara Takahiko , Arimura Yoshihiro , Matsuo Seiichi , Makino Hirofumi ,   the Japan Research Committee of the Ministry of Health, Labour, and Welfare for Intractable Vasculitis, and the Research Committee of Intractable Renal Disease of the Ministry of Health, Labour, and Welfare of Japan
Published: May 2018

ObjectiveTo evaluate clinical links between levels of myeloperoxidase (MPO)–antineutrophil cytoplasmic antibody (ANCA) and relapse in patients with ANCA‐associated vasculitis (AAV) using a data set from 2 nationwide prospective cohort studies.MethodsFrom the cohort studies, MPO‐ANCA–positive patients who achieved remission during the 6 months after remission induction therapy were enrolled. We measured MPO‐ANCA levels at months 0, 3, 6, 12, 18, 24, and at the time of relapse. The primary outcome measure was relapse. A nested case–control analysis and multivariable analysis were performed to investigate the relationship between ANCA reappearance and relapse.ResultsOf 271 patients, 183 were classified as having microscopic polyangiitis, 34 as having granulomatosis with polyangiitis, 15 as having eosinophilic granulomatosis with polyangiitis, and 39 were unclassifiable. The median age was 73 years, and 165 (61%) were female. In 195 patients (72%), MPO‐ANCA levels decreased to normal levels within 6 months after commencement of treatment, and MPO‐ANCA reappeared in 73 of 181 patients (40%) with complete follow‐up data. Reappearance of MPO‐ANCA was more frequent in patients with relapse than in 75 age‐ and sex‐matched control patients without relapse (odds ratio 26.2 [95% confidence interval 8.2–101], P < 0.0001) after adjustment for confounding factors.ConclusionReappearance of MPO‐ANCA could be a clinically useful biomarker for predicting relapse in patients with MPO‐ANCA–positive AAV in remission. This suggests that routine MPO‐ANCA monitoring should be implemented in this patient population.
JAK/STAT Blockade Alters Synovial Bioenergetics, Mitochondrial Function, and Proinflammatory Mediators in Rheumatoid Arthritis
Authors: McGarry Trudy , Orr Carl , Wade Sarah , Biniecka Monika , Wade Siobhan , Gallagher Lorna , Low Candice , Veale Douglas J. , Fearon Ursula 
Published: May 2018

ObjectiveTo examine the effects of tofacitinib on metabolic activity, mitochondrial function, and proinflammatory mechanisms in rheumatoid arthritis (RA).MethodsEx vivo RA synovial explants and primary RA synovial fibroblasts (RASFs) were cultured with 1 μM tofacitinib. RASF bioenergetics were assessed using an XF24 analyzer, and key metabolic genes were assessed by reverse transcription–polymerase chain reaction (RT‐PCR) analysis. Mitochondrial function was assessed using specific cell fluorescent probes and by mitochondrial gene arrays. Mitochondrial mutagenesis was quantified using a mitochondrial random mutation capture assay, and lipid peroxidation was quantified by enzyme‐linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). The effect of tofacitinib on spontaneous release of proinflammatory mediators from RA whole tissue synovial explants was quantified by ELISAs/MSD multiplex assays, and metabolic markers were quantified by RT‐PCR. Finally, RASF invasion, matrix degradation, and synovial outgrowths were assessed by transwell invasion/Matrigel outgrowth assays and ELISA.ResultsTofacitinib significantly decreased mitochondrial membrane potential, mitochondrial mass, and reactive oxygen species production by RASFs and differentially regulated key mitochondrial genes. Tofacitinib significantly increased oxidative phosphorylation, ATP production, and the maximal respiratory capacity and the respiratory reserve in RASFs, an effect paralleled by a decrease in glycolysis and the genes for the key glycolytic enzymes hexokinase 2 (HK2), glycogen synthase kinase 3α (GSK‐3α), lactate dehydrogenase A, and hypoxia‐inducible factor 1α. Tofacitinib inhibited the effect of oncostatin M (OSM) on interleukin‐6 (IL‐6) and monocyte chemotactic protein 1 and reversed the effects of OSM on RASF cellular metabolism. Using RA whole tissue synovial explants, we found that tofacitinib inhibited the key metabolic genes for glucose transporter 1, 6‐phosphofructo‐2‐kinase/fructose‐2,6‐biphosphatase 3, 3′‐phosphoinositide–dependent protein kinase 1, HK2, and GSK‐3α, the proinflammatory mediators IL‐6, IL‐8, IL‐1β, intercellular adhesion molecule 1, vascular endothelial growth factor, and TIE‐2, and RASF outgrowth from synovial explants, RASF invasion, and matrix metalloproteinase 1 activity.ConclusionThis study demonstrates that JAK/STAT signaling mediates the complex interplay between inflammation and cellular metabolism in RA pathogenesis.
Synergistic‐Catalysis‐Enabled Reaction of 2‐Indolymethanols with Oxonium Ylides for the Construction of 3‐Indolyl‐3‐Alkoxy Oxindole Frameworks
Authors: Ma Chun , Zhou Jia‐Yu , Zhang Yi‐Zhu , Jiao Yinchun , Mei Guang‐Jian , Shi Feng 
Published: May 2018

AbstractA synergistic‐catalysis‐enabled reaction of 2‐indolymethanols with oxonium ylides has been established that makes use of a three‐component reaction between 3‐diazooxindoles, alcohols, and 2‐indolymethanols under the cooperative catalysis of a metal complex and a Brønsted acid. This reaction has not only provided a new approach for the construction of 3‐indolyl‐3‐alkoxy oxindole scaffolds by utilizing the C3‐electrophilicity of an indole, but it is also the first example of a nucleophilic addition of a metal‐associated ylide to 2‐indolylmethanols. In addition, this reaction also includes a rarely reported trapping of onium ylides with aryl electrophiles.
Statistical testing of availability for mining technological systems with air quality constraints
Authors: Stehlík Milan , Economou Polychronis , Papić Ljubiša , Aronov Joseph , Nicolis Orietta , Antoch Jaromír , Cézová Eliška , Kiseľák Jozef 
Published: May 2018

AbstractWe develop a mining technology statistical model showing that even environmentally sustainable mining can be still very profitable. We put constraints on mining activities for elevated levels of particulate matters (eg, PM2.5 and PM10) in the air. We show that upper quantiles (eg, 95%) of productivity slightly decrease with respect to maximal number of failures, and this high‐productivity feature is robust with respect to variation of underlying statistical parameters. We illustrate the model on two currently active mining sites, the Chuquicamata copper mine in Chile and the opencast coal mine Libouš in the Czech Republic. Two generic working scenarios have been obtained. We show that, under very realistic conditions for both countries, the Czech Republic and Chilean mining companies can regulate mining activities for high thresholds of air pollutants without a substantial loss of productivity. Sensitivity analysis with respect to parameters is provided.
Predicting events in clinical trials using two time‐to‐event outcomes
Authors: Mu Rongji , Xu Jin 
Published: May 2018

AbstractIn clinical trials with time‐to‐event outcomes, it is of interest to predict when a prespecified number of events can be reached. Interim analysis is conducted to estimate the underlying survival function. When another correlated time‐to‐event endpoint is available, both outcome variables can be used to improve estimation efficiency. In this paper, we propose to use the convolution of two time‐to‐event variables to estimate the survival function of interest. Propositions and examples are provided based on exponential models that accommodate possible change points. We further propose a new estimation equation about the expected time that exploits the relationship of two endpoints. Simulations and the analysis of real data show that the proposed methods with bivariate information yield significant improvement in prediction over that of the univariate method.
Omission of surgery in older women with early breast cancer has an adverse impact on breast cancer-specific survival
Authors: Ward S E , Richards P D , Morgan J L , Holmes G R , Broggio J W , Collins K , Reed M W R , Wyld L 
Published: May 2018

AbstractBackgroundPrimary endocrine therapy is used as an alternative to surgery in up to 40 per cent of women with early breast cancer aged over 70 years in the UK. This study investigated the impact of surgery versus primary endocrine therapy on breast cancer-specific survival (BCSS) in older women.MethodsCancer registration data for 2002–2010 were obtained from two English regions. A retrospective analysis was performed for women with oestrogen receptor (ER)-positive disease, using statistical modelling to show the effect of treatment (surgery or primary endocrine therapy) and age and health status on BCSS. Missing data were handled using multiple imputation.ResultsCancer registration data on 23 961 women were retrieved. After data preprocessing, 18 730 of 23 849 women (78·5 per cent) were identified as having ER-positive disease; of these, 10 087 (53·9 per cent) had surgery and 8643 (46·1 per cent) had primary endocrine therapy. BCSS was worse in the primary endocrine therapy group than in the surgical group (5-year BCSS rate 69·4 and 89·9 per cent respectively). This was true for all strata considered, although the difference was less in the cohort with the greatest degree of co-morbidity. For older, frailer patients the hazard of breast cancer death had less relative impact on overall survival.ConclusionBCSS in older women with ER-positive disease is worse if surgery is omitted. This treatment choice may contribute to inferior cancer outcomes. Selection for surgery on the basis of predicted life expectancy may permit choice of women for whom surgery confers little benefit.
Prognostic significance of combined pretreatment lymphocyte counts and body mass index in patients with head and neck cancer treated with radiation therapy
Authors: Wu Yao‐Yu , Chang Kai‐Ping , Lin Chien‐Yu , Pai Ping‐Ching , Wang Hung‐Ming , Hsu Cheng‐Lung , Liao Chun‐Ta , Yen Tzu‐Chen , Fang Tuan‐Jen , Huang Shiang‐Fu , Kang Chung‐Jan , Fang Ku‐Hao , Lin Wan‐Ni , Wang Yu‐Chien , Hsin Li‐Jen , Tsang Ngan‐Ming 
Published: May 2018

AbstractWe aimed to investigate the prognostic significance of combined pretreatment lymphocyte counts (LCs) and body mass index (BMI) in patients with head and neck cancer (HNC) treated with radiation therapy (RT). Nine hundred and twelve patients with HNC who were treated with RT were retrospectively reviewed. Survival was analyzed by stratifying the patients according to pretreatment LCs and BMI. Patients with low pretreatment LCs and BMI were characterized by a more advanced T stage, fewer nasopharyngeal subsites, less smoking and drinking, and fewer comorbidities. Patients with low pretreatment LCs and BMI had a significantly poorer overall and distant metastasis‐free survival than those with high pretreatment LCs and BMI. No significant differences were observed in terms of local or regional recurrence‐free survival. Combined pretreatment LCs and BMI may be more effective at predicting overall and distant metastasis‐free survival in patients with HNC treated with RT.
Differences in cancer survival among white and black cancer patients by presence of diabetes mellitus: Estimations based on SEER‐Medicare‐linked data resource
Authors: Lam Clara , Cronin Kathleen , Ballard Rachel , Mariotto Angela 
Published: May 2018

AbstractDiabetes prevalence and racial health disparities in the diabetic population are increasing in the US. Population‐based cancer‐specific survival estimates for cancer patients with diabetes have not been assessed. The Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results (SEER)‐Medicare linkage provided data on cancer‐specific deaths and diabetes prevalence among 14 separate cohorts representing 1 068 098 cancer patients ages 66 + years diagnosed between 2000 and 2011 in 17 SEER areas. Cancer‐specific survival estimates were calculated by diabetes status adjusted by age, stage, comorbidities, and cancer treatment, and stratified by cancer site and sex with whites without diabetes as the reference group. Black patients had the highest diabetes prevalence particularly among women. Risks of cancer deaths were increased across most cancer sites for patients with diabetes regardless of race. Among men the largest effect of having diabetes on cancer‐specific deaths were observed for black men diagnosed with Non‐Hodgkin lymphoma (NHL) (HR = 1.53, 95%CI = 1.33‐1.76) and prostate cancer (HR = 1.37, 95%CI = 1.32‐1.42). Diabetes prevalence was higher for black females compared to white females across all 14 cancer sites and higher for most sites when compared to white and black males. Among women the largest effect of having diabetes on cancer‐specific deaths were observed for black women diagnosed with corpus/uterus cancer (HR = 1.66, 95%CI = 1.54‐1.79), Hodgkin lymphoma (HR = 1.62, 95%CI = 1.02‐2.56) and breast ER+ (HR = 1.39, 95%CI = 1.32‐1.47). The co‐occurrence of diabetes and cancer significantly increases the risk of cancer death. Our study suggests that these risks may vary by cancer site, and indicates the need for future research to address racial and sex disparities and enhance understanding how prevalent diabetes may affect cancer deaths.
The effects of aberrant expression of LncRNA DGCR5/miR‐873‐5p/TUSC3 in lung cancer cell progression
Authors: Luo Judong , Zhu Hong , Jiang Hua , Cui Yayun , Wang Mengjie , Ni Xinye , Ma Changsheng 
Published: May 2018

AbstractLung cancer is the most common cause of cancer‐related mortality worldwide, and nonsmall cell lung cancer (NSCLC) accounts for 80% of all pulmonary carcinomas. Recently, long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) have been paid attention for exploring treatment of various diseases. Upregulation of DiGeorge syndrome critical region gene 5 (DGCR5) predicts better lung squamous cell carcinoma prognosis; therefore, we explore the role of DGCR5 in lung cancer in our present study. Consecutive patients with LC were treated in our hospital between January 2015 and January 2016. qRT‐PCR demonstrated that DGCR5 was significantly lower in neoplastic tissues than in non‐neoplastic tissues. For in vitro experiments, cell growth, migration, and invasion were significantly lower in A549 cells transfected with pcDNA3.1‐DGCR5 than pcDNA3.1, which were verified by 5‐diphenyltetrazolium bromide (MTT) assay, scratch test, and transwell assay, respectively, with no significant induction on cell apoptosis that was demonstrated by flow cytometry (FCM) assay. Bioinformatics analysis predicted that 3’ untranslated region (UTR) of tumor suppressor candidate 3 (TUSC3, 49‐55 bp) and DGCR5 (801‐807 bp) shared a common hsa‐miR‐873‐5p binding site, and the direct interaction between DGCR5 and hsa‐miR‐873‐5p or hsa‐miR‐873‐5p and TUSC3 was verified by dual‐luciferase reporter assay. qRT‐PCR demonstrated that hsa‐miR‐873‐5p was dramatically higher and TUSC3 was significantly lower in neoplastic tissues than in non‐neoplastic tissues. DGCR5 decreased the protein level of TUSC3 by miR‐873‐5p which was demonstrated by Western blot and immunofluorescence. The role of DGCR5 in tumorigenesis in vivo was consistent with in vitro assays, Ki‐67‐positive cell number (exhibited by immunohistochemical staining), tumor size, and tumor weight of A549‐DGCR5 group were significantly lower in comparison with A549‐control group.
Gemcitabine and cisplatin regimen facilitates prognosis of advanced nasopharyngeal carcinoma
Authors: Li Qiongxuan , Yin Zhi , Wang Tingting , Chen Lizhang , Li Zhanzhan 
Published: May 2018

AbstractThis study was conducted to assess the efficacy and adverse effects of GP (gemcitabine + cisplatin) regimen and FP (fluouracil + cisplatin) regimen in treatment of advanced nasopharyngeal carcinoma. Systematic online searches were performed in PubMed, Web of Sciences, China Knowledge Infrastructure and Weipu from the inception to November 15, 2017. Potential studies were assessed using the Cochrane risk of bias scale. Statistical analyses were performed on Stata 14.0 and RevMan 5.3. Finally, twelve studies entered final qualitative synthesis and quantitative analysis. The GP regimen compared with the FP regimen had significantly higher 1‐year survival rate (relative risk (RR) = 1.07, 95% confidence interval (CI): 1.01‐1.13), significantly better performance in the fixed‐effect model (RR = 1.16, 95%CI: 1.04‐1.30) and significantly higher remission rate (RR = 1.17, 95%CI: 1.05‐1.29). Significant differences between regimens were found in gastrointestinal effects (RR = 0.58, 95%CI: 0.45‐0.74). No significant differences between regimens were found in reduced hemoglobin rate (RR = 0.55, 95%CI: 0.36‐1.21), neutropenia (RR = 1.84, 95%CI: 0.93‐5.02), or reduced platelet (RR = 1.25, 95%CI: 0.85‐1.75) and mucosal inflammation (RR = 0.81, 95%CI: 0.57‐1.16). Sensitivity analysis indicated the results remained stable. The funnel plot indicated some publication bias. In conclusion, the GP regimen outperforms the FP regimen in treatment of advanced nasopharyngeal carcinoma with no difference in adverse effects. We may consider the GP regimen a better choice, but this conclusion should be confirmed by high‐quality trials.
Loss of cyclin‐dependent kinase‐like 2 predicts poor prognosis in gastric cancer, and its overexpression suppresses cells growth and invasion
Authors: Fang Chia‐Lang , Uen Yih‐Huei , Chen Han‐Kun , Hseu You‐Cheng , Lin Chih‐Chan , Hung Shih‐Ting , Sun Ding‐Ping , Lin Kai‐Yuan 
Published: May 2018

AbstractCyclin‐dependent kinase‐like 2 (CDKL2), a new member of the cyclin‐dependent kinase family, may be involved in gastric cancer (GC) progression. Thus, we conducted this study to explore the clinical effect of CDKL2 in GC. Immunohistochemistry was used to measure CDKL2 levels in gastric tissues. The association of a high CDKL2 level with clinical and pathological characteristics, and the correlation between the CDKL2 level and disease‐free and overall survival were analyzed. Transfection was employed to overexpress CDKL2 in GC cells and to investigate the effect of CDKL2 overexpression on cell proliferation and invasion. Loss of CDKL2 was positively correlated with several clinical and pathological characteristics, and patients with a low CDKL2 level had significantly poorer disease‐free and overall survival than those with a high level (P = .005 and .001, respectively). Univariate analysis using the Cox proportional hazards model indicated that a low CDKL2 level was a prognosticator for inferior disease‐free survival (P = .007). Based on immmunoblotting data, AGS and HGC‐27 GC cells were chosen for CDKL2 overexpression. Cellular studies revealed that CDKL2 overexpression impaired cell proliferation and invasion. Loss of CDKL2 may serve as a biomarker for predicting GC patient outcomes and a potential therapeutic target for GC treatment.
Thermodynamics of Imidazolium‐Based Ionic Liquids Containing the Trifluoromethanesulfonate Anion
Authors: Zaitsau Dzmitry H. , Yermalayeu Andrei V. , Emel'yanenko Vladimir N. , Verevkin Sergey P. 
Published: May 2018

AbstractA thermochemical investigation of the series of 1‐alkyl‐3‐methylimidazolium ionic liquids (ILs) with the trifluromethanesulfonate CF3SO3− anion is presented. Absolute vapor pressures and vaporization enthalpies were measured by using a quartz crystal microbalance (QCM). The enthalpies of solutions were determined by solution calorimetry. Gas‐phase enthalpies of the formation of ILs were calculated by applying the high‐level quantum‐chemical method G3MP2. From a combination of experimental and theoretical results, the enthalpy of formation of aqueous CF3SO3− anion was derived for the first time.
Simple Procedure to Estimate Mass Transfer Coefficients from Uptake Curves on Activated Carbons
Authors: Magalhães Siqueira Rafael , Vilarrasa-García Enrique , Belo Torres Antônio Eurico , Silva de Azevedo Diana Cristina , Bastos-Neto Moisés 
Published: May 2018

AbstractA method based on the linear driving force (LDF) approximation is described to estimate the mass transfer coefficient of molecules adsorbing onto microporous carbons, by using independently measured uptake data. This parameter was determined from uptake curves derived from pressure increments during the measurement of isotherm data. To validate the method, simulations for batch uptake were performed and compared to the experimental data in order to obtain the values for the LDF constants. Such values were applied to predict breakthrough curves and compared to experimental data. The proposed method to estimate the LDF coefficient can be adequate to obtain a more physically meaningful value of the mass transfer coefficient.