bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
An Uncommon Cause of Intraoperative Hypotension: Delayed Red Man Syndrome
Authors: Nagmoti Shilpa V. , Prathapadas Unnikrishnan , Hrishi Ajay P. 
Published: January 2019

AbstractIntraoperative hypotension is commonly encountered under anesthesia. Varied causation of intraoperative hypotension can often delay the recognition of its cause. Vancomycin, a bactericidal antibiotic and often used in neurosurgical setting, is known to cause “red man syndrome.” Prompt recognition of the etiology for intraoperative hypotension could be challenging in intraoperative setting. We present a case of intraoperative hypotension in a patient undergoing endoscopic skull base surgery, which was caused by a delayed red man syndrome. Delayed red man syndrome is a rare clinical entity and must be borne in mind while evaluating a case of intraoperative hypotension in patients who are on vancomycin therapy.
How Should We Measure Body Temperature in the Pediatric Emergency Department? Which One Is the Most Accurate?
Authors: Yazar Abdullah , Türe Esra 
Published: January 2019

AbstractThe aim of this study is to evaluate temperature measurement methods in children. Body temperatures of 3 to 18 years old patients were measured with a tympanic infrared thermometer, a noncontact infrared skin thermometer and with a temporal artery thermometer. While the specificity of temporal artery and noncontact thermometers were good in determination of temperatures above 37.5°C, their sensitivities were low. Positive predictive value and negative predictive value for both thermometers were sufficient. Both specificity and sensitivity of both thermometers were determined to be good at temperature values above ≥ 38°C. It is thought that noncontact and temporal artery thermometers can be used for screening in pediatric emergency departments.
Impression management in the Early Modern English courtroom
Authors: Archer Dawn 
Published: January 2019

AbstractThis paper draws upon three texts from the trial section of theCorpus of English Dialogues, in order to explore the tactical impression management strategies used by Early Modern English courtroom participants (defendants, judges, lawyers and witnesses). I will demonstrate that modern impression management strategies (identified with other activity types in mind) are in evidence in the texts, as are additional courtroom-specific strategies. I discuss the nuances of these impression management tactics, in light of (a) the obvious power differences between the participants involved, (b) the need to be perceived as credible in this legal setting, and (c) their convergence with particular types of face(work).
Beyond speech representation
Authors: Grund Peter J. 
Published: January 2019

AbstractThis article is concerned with “speech descriptors”, markers that describe or evaluate the nature of represented speech, such asvery modestlyin “The Gentlewoman very modestly bade him welcome” (CED, D2FKIT). The form, frequency and function of such features are charted in Early Modern English prose fiction, drawn fromA Corpus of English Dialogues 1560–1760, and the results are compared to those ofGrund (2017a), which considers speech descriptors in contemporaneous witness depositions. The comparison reveals generic differences and points to the importance of studying speech descriptors for our understanding of the dynamics of speech representation in the history of English.
Ere and before in English historical corpora, with special reference to the
Corpus of English Dialogues
Authors: Rissanen Matti 
Published: January 2019

Abstract
In this paper, the use of two roughly synonymous temporal adverbial links, ere and
before, will be discussed. The survey will cover the history of English, from Old to Present-day English. It
is based on historical corpora, particularly on the Corpus of English Dialogues (1560–1760). Ere
(Old English ær) was originally temporal, while before (Old English beforan)
goes back to the spatial form. In Old English and Early Middle English ere is clearly more common than
before; from Late Middle English on, before becomes the more favoured link. The
Corpus of English Dialogues and later corpora indicate that the use of ere is remarkably
restricted to informal and speech-related discourse.
Changing culture, changing curriculum: a case study of early childhood curriculum innovations in two Chinese kindergartens
Authors: Yang Weipeng , Li Hui 
Published: January 2019

AbstractSchool‐based curriculum development (SBCD) has been advocated to enhance the quality of early childhood education within the context of modernization and globalization. However, few studies have examined how the social change and globalization may shape the early childhood curriculum. This study examined SBCD in two Shenzhen kindergartens via interviews, observations and documents to understand the curriculum innovations andhowandwhythe SBCD took place in the Chinese kindergartens. This study revealed that curriculum in each case was an integrated system balancing different curriculum approaches. Also, the conflict and fusion of cultures were found throughout the dynamic transformation of curricula. Social change, reflected by conflicting motives, such as child‐centeredness versus teacher‐directedness, individualism versus collectivism, and imported versus local approaches, played a decisive role in the SBCD. The implications of these findings are discussed.
The effect of oat bran and psyllium husk fibre on oil reduction and some physicochemical properties of magwinya – a deep-fried dough
Authors: Kwinda  , Onipe  , Jideani  
Published: January 2019

Oat bran (OB) and psyllium husk fibre (PF) were incorporated into magwinya (fat cake) – a cereal fried dough with the aim of reducing oil content and evaluating some of its physicochemical properties using one-factor of the response surface methodology. Two methods
of magwinya processing were employed: traditional (TM) and modified (MM) methods. Addition of PF and OB significantly (p < 0.05) reduced oil in MM compared to TM. Lowest oil content for PF and OB magwinya were 3.10 and 4.35% using MM and 6.00 and 6.25% for
TM. Addition of PF up to 3% and OB up to 2% significantly improved textural properties. Comparing the additives and the method of production, optimum conditions with highest desirability of 0.83 was obtained for OB modified magwinya with 35.08% moisture, 2.31% ash and 4.74% oil. Hence,
the use of MM and OB reduced oil absorption.
The story of promiscuous crucifers: origin and genome evolution of an invasive species, Cardamine occulta (Brassicaceae), and its relatives
Authors: Mandáková Terezie , Zozomová-Lihová Judita , Kudoh Hiroshi , Zhao Yunpeng , Lysak Martin A , Marhold Karol 
Published: January 2019

Abstract

Background and Aims
Cardamine occulta (Brassicaceae) is an octoploid weedy species (2n = 8x = 64) originated in Eastern Asia. It has been introduced to other continents including Europe and considered to be an invasive species. Despite its wide distribution, the polyploid origin of C. occulta remained unexplored. The feasibility of comparative chromosome painting (CCP) in crucifers allowed us to elucidate the origin and genome evolution in Cardamine species. We aimed to investigate the genome structure of C. occulta in comparison with its tetraploid (2n = 4x = 32, C. kokaiensis and C. scutata) and octoploid (2n = 8x = 64, C. dentipetala) relatives.

Methods
Genomic in situ hybridization (GISH) and large-scale CCP were applied to uncover the parental genomes and chromosome composition of the investigated Cardamine species.

Key Results
All investigated species descended from a common ancestral Cardamine genome (n = 8), structurally resembling the Ancestral Crucifer Karyotype (n = 8), but differentiated by a translocation between chromosomes AK6 and AK8. Allotetraploid C. scutata originated by hybridization between two diploid species, C. parviflora and C. amara (2n = 2x = 16). By contrast, C. kokaiensis has an autotetraploid origin from a parental genome related to C. parviflora. Interestingly, octoploid C. occulta probably originated through hybridization between the tetraploids C. scutata and C. kokaiensis. The octoploid genome of C. dentipetala probably originated from C. scutata via autopolyploidization. Except for five species-specific centromere repositionings and one pericentric inversion post-dating the polyploidization events, the parental subgenomes remained stable in the tetra- and octoploids.

Conclusions
Comparative genome structure, origin and evolutionary history was reconstructed in C. occulta and related species. For the first time, whole-genome cytogenomic maps were established for octoploid plants. Post-polyploid evolution in Asian Cardamine polyploids has not been associated with descending dysploidy and intergenomic rearrangements. The combination of different parental (sub)genomes adapted to distinct habitats provides an evolutionary advantage to newly formed polyploids by occupying new ecological niches.
Talk About Self-Harm (TASH): participatory action research with young people, GPs and practice nurses to explore how the experiences of young people who self-harm could be improved in GP surgeries
Authors: Bailey Di , Kemp Linda , Wright Nicola , Mutale Gabriella 
Published: January 2019

Abstract

Background
The incidence of self-harm in young people in primary care is increasing dramatically, and many young people who self-harm visit their GP surgery as a first point of contact for help.

Objective
To explore with young people, GPs and practice nurses (PNs): (i) why young people present with self-harm to primary care and (ii) whether young people, GPs and PNs can take steps to have more helpful consultations about self-harm in GP surgeries that include self-help materials developed by young people being used to support such consultations to take place.

Methods
Participatory action research with GPs, PNs and young people employed mixed methods to collect statistical and narrative data. Statistics from 285 young people’s medical records were captured, including more detailed analyses of a random sample of 75 of these records. A series of 24 focus groups with a total of 45 GPs, PNs and young people, with an average number of eight participants in each group, was conducted. Statistical data were subject to descriptive and inferential analyses, and thematic analysis was applied to the transcripts from the focus groups.

Results and conclusion
The type of self-harm young people presented with influenced whether they would see a GP or PN. While self-help materials were welcomed and deemed helpful, young people, GPs and PNs were ambivalent about using these in short consultations where time was an overriding constraint. More research is needed on the feasibility of adopting self-help assisted interventions in GP surgeries.
Spousal Education and Cognitive Functioning in Later Life
Authors: Xu Minle 
Published: January 2019

Abstract

Objectives
Numerous studies have documented the relationship between education and cognitive functioning at the individual level. Yet few studies have examined whether a spouse’s education spills over to influence the other spouse’s cognitive functioning. This study, therefore, investigates the association between spousal education and cognitive functioning, the pathways that may account for this association, and gender differences in this association.

Method
Growth curve models were analyzed by using longitudinal couple data from the Health and Retirement Study (N = 5,846 individuals).

Results
More years of spousal education are associated with higher level of cognitive functioning at age 65 (γ000 = 0.0532, 95% confidence interval [CI] = 0.0163−0.0901) and slower decline in cognitive functioning in later adulthood (γ100 = 0.0054, 95% CI = 0.0026−0.0082). The positive association between spousal education and the level of cognitive functioning at age 65 is fully explained by economic resources. The association of spousal education with the rate of change in cognitive functioning decreases but remains significant after controlling for economic resources and health behaviors (γ100 = 0.0043, 95% CI = 0.0014−0.0072). The association between spousal education and cognitive functioning is similar for men and women.

Discussion
Findings suggest that more years of spousal education may slow decline in cognitive functioning for men and women in later life.
Neighborhood Environments and Cognitive Decline Among Middle-Aged and Older People in China
Authors: Luo Ye , Zhang Lingling , Pan Xi 
Published: January 2019

Abstract

Objectives
Despite the growing interest in the effects of neighborhood environments on cognitive function, most studies on older people are based on cross-sectional survey data from developed countries. This study examines the relationship between neighborhood environments and decline in cognitive function over time among middle-aged and older people in China and whether this relationship varies between rural and urban residents.

Methods
The three waves of China Health and Retirement Longitudinal Study (CHARLS 2011–2015) were used. The sample included 12,131 respondents living in 298 rural villages and 4,059 respondents living in 150 urban communities. Three-level linear growth curve models were estimated to track trajectories of cognitive change over a 4-year period.

Results
Chinese older people who lived in neighborhoods with more handicap access, more bus lines, employment service, and higher socioeconomic status (SES) had slower cognitive decline. Neighborhood basic infrastructures, number of days that roads were unpassable, outdoor exercise facilities, and average social activity participation were associated with baseline cognitive function in both rural and urban areas, but neighborhood environments had more impact on cognitive decline among rural older adults than urban older adults.

Discussions
Findings from this study call for increased infrastructure development and community building programs in rural China.
Provider and LGBT Individuals’ Perspectives on LGBT Issues in Long-Term Care: A Systematic Review
Authors: Caceres Billy A , Travers Jasmine , Primiano Jillian E , Luscombe Rachel E , Dorsen Caroline 
Published: January 2019

Abstract

Background and Objectives
Discrimination toward the lesbian, gay, bisexual and transgender (LGBT) population has raised concerns about the type of long-term services and supports (LTSS) that will be available to them as they age. To understand the unique needs of aging LGBT populations, we sought to synthesize and critique the evidence related to LTSS providers and LGBT individuals’ perspectives of LGBT issues in LTSS in the United States.

Research Design and Methods
Following the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses, a systematic review of the literature was conducted. The Crowe Critical Appraisal Tool was used to appraise the quality of the included studies.

Results
Nineteen studies met inclusion criteria. Seven studies that examined the perspectives of LTSS providers identified two themes, including that they lack knowledge and training on LGBT health issues and generally report negative attitudes toward same-sex relations among older adults. In addition, 12 studies that examined the perspectives of LGBT individuals found that they (i) are concerned about LTSS planning, (ii) fear discrimination from providers in LTSS, and (iii) identify several strategies for improving care of LGBT older adults receiving LTSS.

Discussion and Implications
This systematic review highlights the importance for LTSS providers to receive training in LGBT health and be reflective of potential biases toward the LGBT population. LGBT individuals identified concerns related to LTSS planning and fear of discrimination from LTSS providers. LGBT individuals also identified a need for increased training of providers to improve the care of LGBT older adults in LTSS.
Genome sequence of Malania oleifera, a tree with great value for nervonic acid production
Authors: Xu Chao-Qun , Liu Hui , Zhou Shan-Shan , Zhang Dong-Xu , Zhao Wei , Wang Sihai , Chen Fu , Sun Yan-Qiang , Nie Shuai , Jia Kai-Hua , Jiao Si-Qian , Zhang Ren-Gang , Yun Quan-Zheng , Guan Wenbin , Wang Xuewen , Gao Qiong , Bennetzen Jeffrey L , Maghuly Fatemeh , Porth Ilga , Van de Peer Yves , Wang Xiao-Ru , Ma Yongpeng , Mao Jian-Feng 
Published: January 2019

Abstract

Background
Malania oleifera, a member of the Olacaceae family, is an IUCN red listed tree, endemic and restricted to the Karst region of southwest China. This tree's seed is valued for its high content of precious fatty acids (especially nervonic acid). However, studies on its genetic makeup and fatty acid biogenesis are severely hampered by a lack of molecular and genetic tools.

Findings
We generated 51 Gb and 135 Gb of raw DNA sequences, using Pacific Biosciences (PacBio) single-molecule real-time and 10× Genomics sequencing, respectively. A final genome assembly, with a scaffold N50 size of 4.65 Mb and a total length of 1.51 Gb, was obtained by primary assembly based on PacBio long reads plus scaffolding with 10× Genomics reads. Identified repeats constituted ~82% of the genome, and 24,064 protein-coding genes were predicted with high support. The genome has low heterozygosity and shows no evidence for recent whole genome duplication. Metabolic pathway genes relating to the accumulation of long-chain fatty acid were identified and studied in detail.

Conclusions
Here, we provide the first genome assembly and gene annotation for M. oleifera. The availability of these resources will be of great importance for conservation biology and for the functional genomics of nervonic acid biosynthesis.
Comparative analyses identify genomic features potentially involved in the evolution of birds-of-paradise
Authors: Prost Stefan , Armstrong Ellie E , Nylander Johan , Thomas Gregg W C , Suh Alexander , Petersen Bent , Dalen Love , Benz Brett W , Blom Mozes P K , Palkopoulou Eleftheria , Ericson Per G P , Irestedt Martin 
Published: January 2019

Abstract
The diverse array of phenotypes and courtship displays exhibited by birds-of-paradise have long fascinated scientists and nonscientists alike. Remarkably, almost nothing is known about the genomics of this iconic radiation. There are 41 species in 16 genera currently recognized within the birds-of-paradise family (Paradisaeidae), most of which are endemic to the island of New Guinea. In this study, we sequenced genomes of representatives from all five major clades within this family to characterize genomic changes that may have played a role in the evolution of the group's extensive phenotypic diversity. We found genes important for coloration, morphology, and feather and eye development to be under positive selection. In birds-of-paradise with complex lekking systems and strong sexual dimorphism, the core birds-of-paradise, we found Gene Ontology categories for “startle response” and “olfactory receptor activity” to be enriched among the gene families expanding significantly faster compared to the other birds in our study. Furthermore, we found novel families of retrovirus-like retrotransposons active in all three de novo genomes since the early diversification of the birds-of-paradise group, which might have played a role in the evolution of this fascinating group of birds.
Localization of the W-1,q norm for local a posteriori efficiency
Authors: Blechta Jan , Málek Josef , Vohralík Martin 
Published: January 2019

Abstract
This paper gives a direct proof of localization of dual norms of bounded linear functionals on the Sobolev space ${W^{1,p}_0(\varOmega )}$, $1 \leq p \leq \infty $. The basic condition is that the functional in question vanishes over locally supported test functions from ${W^{1,p}_0(\varOmega )}$ which form a partition of unity in $\varOmega $, apart from close to the boundary $\partial \varOmega $. We also study how to weaken this condition. The results allow in particular to establish local efficiency and robustness with respect to the exponent $p$ of a posteriori estimates for nonlinear partial differential equations in divergence form, including the case of inexact solvers. Numerical illustrations support the theory.
Effect of Hepatitis C Virus Coinfection on the Progression of Vertically Acquired Human Immunodeficiency Virus Infection During Childhood and Adolescence
Authors: Fernández-McPhee Carolina , Sainz Talía , Mellado María José , Noguera-Julian Antoni , Otero Carmen , Fortuny Claudia , Soler-Palacín Pere , Falcón María Dolores , Ramos Amador José Tomás , Gavilán César , González-Tomé María Isabel , Navarro María Luisa 
Published: January 2019

Abstract
Data for a total of 57 patients vertically coinfected with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)/hepatitis C virus (HCV) and 365 HIV-monoinfected patients were compared until their transition to adult care. No differences regarding the dynamics of CD4 and/or CD8 T-cell counts during childhood were found. The coexistence of HCV does not increase the risk of disease progression in vertically HIV-infected patients.
Effect of Armed Conflict and Displacement on Women’s Social, Cultural and Economic Roles and Responsibilities in Northern Uganda
Authors: Corbin Joanne N 
Published: January 2019

Abstract
This qualitative study explored the resettlement experiences of women who were internally displaced by northern Uganda's 21 year armed conflict with the Lord's Resistance Army (LRA). Exploration of the ways that women's social, cultural and economic roles and responsibilities were affected by the experiences of armed conflict and internal displacement and women's adaptations reveal profound changes in women's relationships with men, their connection with other women, and challenges with cultural norms. Program developers will gain examples of how conflict and displacement related changes affect women’s socio-economic relationships, land rights, and families' health and well-being.
Implementation and Evaluation of a Military–Civilian Partnership to Train Mental Health Specialists
Authors: Simpson Scott A , Goodwin Matthew , Thurstone Christian 
Published: January 2019

Abstract

Introduction
Mental health specialists (MHS, or 68X) play a central role in meeting the growing demand for combat stress care among Service Members. Partnering with civilian institutions may enhance the MHS training experience beyond Advanced Individual Training (AIT).

Methods
We describe a novel military–civilian collaboration to train U.S. Army Reserve MHS’s in the psychiatric emergency service (PES) of a public, safety-net hospital. Details of implementation are described. The training rotation was evaluated after 1 year through a comprehensive chart abstraction of patients seen as well as surveys of MHS’s and civilian partners.

Results
The roles of MHS and physician officers in this rotation are described. Over 9 days in the PES, the MHS team evaluated 26 patients. MHS’s described a high-quality training environment (83% rated very good or excellent) in which they frequently saw high-risk patients relevant to military practice. Experience with a certain patient presentation was correlated with comfort assessing and managing that presentation (p &lt; 0.01). Many civilian staff (40%) felt the PES operated better with the presence of the Army team and 50% of civilians agreed their impression of the U.S. Army Reserve improved as a result of the partnership. Hundred percent of specialists and 80% of civilians reported very good to excellent rapport between military and civilian staff. Two civilian respondents (11%) expressed concern that the military team’s presence impeded patient care.

Conclusion
This is the first military–civilian training collaboration for behavioral health specialists, who have already completed AIT. This program provided well-received and mission-relevant training for MHS’s without notable adverse effects on patient care or team functioning in a civilian environment. Our findings are based on a small sample size, and no other such programs exist against which to compare these results. We propose that such educational partnerships, which have long been effective for other clinical specialists, may benefit the military, civilian communities, and the country.