bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A diplomática contemporânea: reflexões sobre sua aplicabilidade na era digital
Authors: Silva William , Flores Daniel 
Published: May 2018

Introdução: Ao longo de muito tempo, a Diplomática contribuiu significativamente para a identificação da autenticidade dos documentos, ampliando seu rol de atuação quando foi influenciada por outras disciplinas, tais como a Arquivística moderna, que potencializou o seu objeto de estudo, mostrando a profunda ligação entre a espécie e sua atividade geradora. Objetivo: O presente trabalho tem como objetivo realizar reflexões acerca da evolução da Diplomática Clássica para a Diplomática Contemporânea, a relação entre esta disciplina e a Classificação Documental e os seus impactos diante a era digital, na constituição do processo de autenticidade dos documentos arquivísticos digitais.Metodologia: A natureza pesquisa é classificada como básica, a forma de abordagem é classificada como qualitativa, o objetivo da pesquisa classificada como exploratória, envolvendo levantamento bibliográfico a respeito da diplomática na sua relação com a arquivística e a empregabilidade na era digital.Resultados: Após a pesquisa, compreende-se que a Diplomática perpassa os tempos, diante os aspectos de estudo da espécie documental, até o momento de sua relação com a Arquivística moderna, quando compreende o universo de estudo da Tipologia Documental, identificando-se com a Classificação, enquanto função matricial da Arquivística moderna, e utilizando dos recursos da análise da autenticidade no ambiente digital.Conclusão: É evidente que há uma relação intrínseca entre a Diplomática, em sua perspectiva contemporânea, com a Arquivística moderna, tanto na compreensão dos aspectos da tipologia documental, quanto como ferramenta essencial na análise da autenticidade no ambiente digital.
A Independência do Brasil nos livros didáticos para crianças: uma análise da produção didática entre as décadas de 1970 e 2000
Authors: Aquino Luciana Fernandes de , Oliveira Sandra Regina Ferreira de Oliveira 
Published: May 2018

O livro didático tem se configurado nos últimos tempos como um instrumento central na cultura escolar brasileira. Nesse sentido, nossa investigação dedicou-se a compreender esse material e, mais especificamente, como um conteúdo de História dos anos iniciais do Ensino Fundamental de grande repercussão nacional é apresentado nesses manuais ao longo do tempo. Desse modo, realizamos um levantamento de materiais na biblioteca do livro didático da Universidade de São Paulo no qual abordava-se o tema da Independência do Brasil para o ensino de História de crianças. Esse levantamento resultou em uma análise de cinquenta obras correspondentes a primeira e quarta série do primeiro grau que equivalem hoje ao Ensino Fundamental de primeiro ao quinto ano, entre as décadas de 1970 e 1980. A análise qualitativa desses materiais resultou na seleção de oito obras para a construção de uma interpretação sistematizada referente aos sujeitos históricos, imagens e propostas de atividades. Assim, com esse estudo percebemos permanências e mudanças relativas ao conteúdo em geral. Algumas das permanências são referentes aos métodos mnemônicos e textos curtos com questionários que pretendem obter respostas explícitas e de uma História predominantemente cronológica que não busca problematizar os fatos históricos. Entretanto, as mudanças nos costumes da sociedade e das legislações incidem diretamente na produção desses materiais, como também ao tratamento gráfico do conteúdo e das finalidades educativas para o ensino de História ao longo do período selecionado para o estudo.
Temporalidade (s) na Historiografia Didática: notas sobre o Ensino de História e cultura indígena no município de Maringá (2014-2016)
Authors: Nunes Daniella Castellini , Coelho João Paulo Pereira , Leopoldino Maria Aparecida 
Published: May 2018

RESUMO: O artigo apresenta resultados de análise do livro didático de história regional intitulado Pequenos Exploradores, adotado pelos professores da rede municipal de ensino da cidade de Maringá-Paraná. O objetivo norteador das reflexões empreendidas no trabalho foi problematizar as representações sobre o tempo - moderno, industrial e urbano - presentes no referido livro e as suas implicações sobre as particularidades das vivências do tempo na cultura indígena. Para tanto, utilizou-se de pesquisa bibliográfica para subsidiar o estudo da fonte, tendo como referencial e base conceitual de análise a ideia de representação e de leituras do passado do historiador francês Roger Chartier, teórico da história cultural. Conclui-se que as concepções de tempo devam comportar múltiplas representações sociais e culturais, compreendo as vivências do indígena no tempo em suas singularidades, afastando-se de concepções homogeneizadoras e hierarquizadas que se desenvolveram na sociedade moderna industrial. Palavras-chave: Ensino de história escolar. Temporalidades. Cultura indígena.
Statistical Analysis of Advertisement on women’s buying behavior in Karachi (Ranging from 16 to 40)
Authors: Shafiq Muhammad Osama , Iqbal Naveed , Khan Kushboo , Saleem Sehrish 
Published: May 2018

The aim of study is to determine the level of influence on women’s behavior by television advertisement. The research is designed for the women’s between 16 to 40 years age. Study is based on quantitative research method; survey is used to collect the data. Participants answered number of questions from questionnaire which is based on the influence of TV advertisement on buying decisions among women.
The study explores that a creative and well executed advertisement has always a great impact on the buying trends or purchasing behaviors of the consumers. At the same time quality of the product and price is also included with their strong impact on buying behavior of consumer. Likewise to some extent the celebrity endorsement also matters in the buying behavior. Therefore the study concludes that the positive impact of all these factors, on the buying behavior of the consumer proves the loyalty of consumer towards brand which helps in promotion of the advertised product and changes the buying behavior towards buying intentions.
A combined tissue‐engineered/in silico signature tool patient stratification in lung cancer
Authors: Göttlich Claudia , Kunz Meik , Zapp Cornelia , Nietzer Sarah L. , Walles Heike , Dandekar Thomas , Dandekar Gudrun 
Published: May 2018

Patient‐tailored therapy based on tumor drivers is promising for lung cancer treatment. For this, we combined in vitro tissue models with in silico analyses. Using individual cell lines with specific mutations, we demonstrate a generic and rapid stratification pipeline for targeted tumor therapy. We improve in vitro models of tissue conditions by a biological matrix‐based three‐dimensional (3D) tissue culture that allows in vitro drug testing: It correctly shows a strong drug response upon gefitinib (Gef) treatment in a cell line harboring an EGFR‐activating mutation (HCC827), but no clear drug response upon treatment with the HSP90 inhibitor 17AAG in two cell lines with KRAS mutations (H441, A549). In contrast, 2D testing implies wrongly KRAS as a biomarker for HSP90 inhibitor treatment, although this fails in clinical studies. Signaling analysis by phospho‐arrays showed similar effects of EGFR inhibition by Gef in HCC827 cells, under both 2D and 3D conditions. Western blot analysis confirmed that for 3D conditions, HSP90 inhibitor treatment implies different p53 regulation and decreased MET inhibition in HCC827 and H441 cells. Using in vitro data (western, phospho‐kinase array, proliferation, and apoptosis), we generated cell line‐specific in silico topologies and condition‐specific (2D, 3D) simulations of signaling correctly mirroring in vitro treatment responses. Networks predict drug targets considering key interactions and individual cell line mutations using the Human Protein Reference Database and the COSMIC database. A signature of potential biomarkers and matching drugs improve stratification and treatment in KRAS‐mutated tumors. In silico screening and dynamic simulation of drug actions resulted in individual therapeutic suggestions, that is, targeting HIF1A in H441 and LKB1 in A549 cells. In conclusion, our in vitro tumor tissue model combined with an in silico tool improves drug effect prediction and patient stratification. Our tool is used in our comprehensive cancer center and is made now publicly available for targeted therapy decisions.
Thiamine Levels in Muscle and Eggs of Adult Pacific Salmon from the Fraser River, British Columbia
Authors: Welch David W. , Futia Matthew H. , Rinchard Jacques , Teffer Amy K. , Miller Kristi M. , Hinch Scott G. , Honeyfield Dale C. 
Published: May 2018

Abstract
Multiple species and stocks of Pacific salmon Oncorhynchus spp. have experienced large declines in the number of returning adults over a wide region of the Pacific Northwest due to poor marine survival (low smolt-to-adult survival rates). One possible explanation for reduced survival is thiamine deficiency. Thiamine (vitamin B1) is an essential vitamin with an integral role in many metabolic processes, and thiamine deficiency is an important cause of salmonid mortality in the Baltic Sea and in the Laurentian Great Lakes. To assess this possibility, we (1) compared muscle thiamine content over time in a holding experiment using Fraser River (British Columbia) Sockeye Salmon O. nerka to establish whether adults that died during the holding period had lower thiamine levels than survivors, (2) measured infectious loads of multiple pathogens in held fish, and (3) measured egg thiamine content from four species of Pacific salmon collected on Fraser River spawning grounds. Chinook Salmon O. tshawytscha had the lowest egg thiamine, followed by Sockeye Salmon; however, egg thiamine concentrations were above levels known to cause overt fry mortality. Thiamine vitamers in the muscle of Fraser River adult Sockeye Salmon shifted over a 13-d holding period, with a precipitous decline in thiamine pyrophosphate (the active form of thiamine used in enzyme reactions) in surviving fish. Survivors also carried lower loads of Flavobacterium psychrophilum than fish that died during in the holding period. Although there is no evidence of thiamine deficiency in the adults studied, questions remain about possible thiamine metabolism–fish pathogen relationships that influence survival.
Whole‐exome sequencing in 20,197 persons for rare variants in Alzheimer's disease
Authors: Raghavan Neha S. , Brickman Adam M. , Andrews Howard , Manly Jennifer J. , Schupf Nicole , Lantigua Rafael , Wolock Charles J. , Kamalakaran Sitharthan , Petrovski Slave , Tosto Giuseppe , Vardarajan Badri N. , Goldstein David B. , Mayeux Richard ,   The Alzheimer's Disease Sequencing Project
Published: May 2018

AbstractObjectiveThe genetic bases of Alzheimer's disease remain uncertain. An international effort to fully articulate genetic risks and protective factors is underway with the hope of identifying potential therapeutic targets and preventive strategies. The goal here was to identify and characterize the frequency and impact of rare and ultra‐rare variants in Alzheimer's disease, using whole‐exome sequencing in 20,197 individuals.MethodsWe used a gene‐based collapsing analysis of loss‐of‐function ultra‐rare variants in a case–control study design with data from the Washington Heights‐Inwood Columbia Aging Project, the Alzheimer's Disease Sequencing Project and unrelated individuals from the Institute of Genomic Medicine at Columbia University.ResultsWe identified 19 cases carrying extremely rare SORL1 loss‐of‐function variants among a collection of 6,965 cases and a single loss‐of‐function variant among 13,252 controls (P = 2.17 × 10−8; OR: 36.2 [95% CI: 5.8–1493.0]). Age‐at‐onset was 7 years earlier for patients with SORL1 qualifying variant compared with noncarriers. No other gene attained a study‐wide level of statistical significance, but multiple top‐ranked genes, including GRID2IP, WDR76 and GRN, were among candidates for follow‐up studies.InterpretationThis study implicates ultra‐rare, loss‐of‐function variants in SORL1 as a significant genetic risk factor for Alzheimer's disease and provides a comprehensive dataset comparing the burden of rare variation in nearly all human genes in Alzheimer's disease cases and controls. This is the first investigation to establish a genome‐wide statistically significant association between multiple extremely rare loss‐of‐function variants in SORL1 and Alzheimer's disease in a large whole‐exome study of unrelated cases and controls.
Layered Potassium Vanadate K0.5V2O5 as a Cathode Material for Nonaqueous Potassium Ion Batteries
Authors: Deng Leqing , Niu Xiaogang , Ma Guanshui , Yang Zhao , Zeng Liang , Zhu Yujie , Guo Lin 
Published: May 2018

AbstractNonaqueous potassium ion batteries (KIBs) are one of the emerging electrochemical energy storage technologies due to the abundance of potassium resources, but the difficulties of intercalation of large size K‐ions into electrode materials hinder the development of KIBs. Here, a layered potassium vanadate K0.5V2O5 is proposed as a potential cathode material for KIBs. Despite the large size of K‐ions, the as‐fabricated material is capable of delivering a reversible capacity around 90 mAh g−1 at 10 mA g−1 in the voltage range of 1.5–3.8 V (vs K+/K), and also exhibits a fast rate capability with a capacity of 60 mAh g−1 at 200 mA g−1 and good cycling stability with 81% capacity retention after 250 cycles at 100 mA g−1. Ex situ X‐ray diffraction and X‐ray photoelectron spectroscopy reveal that the layered potassium vanadate exhibits a highly stable and reversible structure change with a transition between V4+ and V5+ upon potassiation/depotassiation. Additionally, galvanostatic intermittent titration technique results show that the kinetics of potassiation/depotassiation is mainly determined by K‐ion diffusion in the active material. The present study may open up further exploration of potassium vanadates and other layered transition metal oxides in the field of KIBs.
Organosilane‐Patterned Paper‐based Colorimetric Sensors for High‐Throughput Screening of Cross‐Coupling Reactions with Aryl Bromides
Authors: Son Yujeong , Lee Suji , Kim Han‐Sung , Eom Min Sik , Han Min Su , Lee Sunwoo 
Published: May 2018

AbstractAn organosilane‐patterned paper‐based colorimetric sensor for bromides was developed using the 4‐(2‐pyridylazo)resorcinol (PAR)‐Hg2+ complex and patterned hydrophobic paper. The red color of the (PAR)‐Hg2+ spot was converted to yellow by ligand exchange between PAR and added bromide ions. This paper‐based sensor was applied to detect the extent of conversion of aryl bromides in palladium‐catalyzed coupling reactions such as Stille, Suzuki, Heck, direct arylation and decarboxylative coupling. A good correlation was demonstrated between the conversion of paper‐based sensor and conversion of gas chromatography.magnified image
Assessing Markov property in multistate transition models with applications to credit risk modeling
Authors: Yang Hanyu , Nair Vijayan N. , Chen Jie , Sudjianto Agus 
Published: May 2018

AbstractMultistate transition models are increasingly used in credit risk applications as they allow us to quantify the evolution of the process among different states. If the process is Markov, analysis and prediction are substantially simpler, so analysts would like to use these models if they are applicable. In this paper, we develop a procedure for assessing the Markov hypothesis and discuss different ways of implementing the test procedure. One issue when sample size is large is that the statistical test procedures will detect even small deviations from the Markov model when these differences are not of practical interest. To address this problem, we propose an approach to formulate and test the null hypothesis of “weak non‐Markov.” The situation where the transition probabilities are heterogeneous is also examined, and approaches to accommodate this case are indicated. Simulation studies are used extensively to study the properties of the procedures, and two applications are to illustrate the results.
Weak signals in high‐dimensional regression: Detection, estimation and prediction
Authors: Li Yanming , Hong Hyokyoung G. , Ahmed S. Ejaz , Li Yi 
Published: May 2018

AbstractRegularization methods, including Lasso, group Lasso, and SCAD, typically focus on selecting variables with strong effects while ignoring weak signals. This may result in biased prediction, especially when weak signals outnumber strong signals. This paper aims to incorporate weak signals in variable selection, estimation, and prediction. We propose a two‐stage procedure, consisting of variable selection and postselection estimation. The variable selection stage involves a covariance‐insured screening for detecting weak signals, whereas the postselection estimation stage involves a shrinkage estimator for jointly estimating strong and weak signals selected from the first stage. We term the proposed method as the covariance‐insured screening‐based postselection shrinkage estimator. We establish asymptotic properties for the proposed method and show, via simulations, that incorporating weak signals can improve estimation and prediction performance. We apply the proposed method to predict the annual gross domestic product rates based on various socioeconomic indicators for 82 countries.
SPIN: Submitting Sequences Determined at Protein Level to UniProt
Authors: Pichler Klemens , Warner Kate , Magrane Michele ,   The UniProt Consortium
Published: May 2018

AbstractPublic availability of biological sequences is essential for their widespread access and use by the research community. The Universal Protein Resource (UniProt) is a comprehensive resource for protein sequence and functional data. While most protein sequences entering UniProt are imported from other source databases containing nucleotide or 3‐D structure data, protein sequences determined at the protein level can be submitted directly to UniProt. To this end, UniProt provides a Web interface called SPIN. This service enables researchers to make their de novo–sequenced proteins available to the scientific community and acquire UniProt accession numbers for use in publications. This unit explains the process of submitting a protein sequence to UniProt using SPIN. The basic protocol describes all the necessary steps for a single sequence. A support protocol gives guidance on how best to deal with exceptionally large datasets. © 2018 by John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
Pharmacokinetic Study of Rucaparib in Patients With Advanced Solid Tumors
Authors: Shapiro Geoffrey I. , Kristeleit Rebecca S. , Burris Howard A. , LoRusso Patricia , Patel Manish R. , Drew Yvette , Giordano Heidi , Maloney Lara , Watkins Simon , Goble Sandra , Jaw‐Tsai Sarah , Xiao Jim J. 
Published: May 2018

AbstractThe phase 1‐2 study CO‐338‐010 (Study 10; NCT01482715) is evaluating single‐agent rucaparib, a poly(ADP‐ribose) polymerase inhibitor, administered orally to patients with an advanced solid tumor. In the dose escalation phase (Part 1), we characterized the single‐dose and steady‐state pharmacokinetic profiles of rucaparib administered once daily (QD; dose range, 40‐500 mg; n = 16) or twice daily (BID; dose range, 240‐840 mg; n = 30). Across all dosing schedules examined, the plasma exposure of rucaparib was approximately dose proportional; half‐life was approximately 17 hours, and median time to maximum concentration (tmax) ranged from 1.5 to 6.0 hours after a single dose and 1.5 to 4.0 hours following repeated dosing. The steady‐state accumulation ratio ranged from 1.60 to 2.33 following QD dosing and 1.47 to 5.44 following BID dosing. No effect of food on rucaparib pharmacokinetics was observed with a single dose of 40 mg (n = 3) or 300 mg (n = 6). In a phase 2 portion of the study (Part 3), the pharmacokinetic profile of rucaparib was further evaluated at the recommended phase 2 dose of 600 mg BID (n = 26). The mean (coefficient of variation) steady‐state maximum concentration (Cmax) and area under the concentration‐time curve from time zero to 12 hours (AUC0‐12h) were 1940 ng/mL (54%) and 16 900 ng ⋅ h/mL (54%), respectively. A high‐fat meal moderately increased rucaparib exposure. The fed‐to‐fasted geometric mean ratios (90% confidence interval [CI]) for AUC0‐24h and Cmax were 138% (117%‐162%) and 120% (99.1%‐146%); the median (90%CI) tmax delay was 2.5 (0.5‐4.4) hours.
Assessment of Topographic Memory in Mice in a Complex Environment Using the Hamlet Test
Authors: Crouzier Lucie , Maurice Tangui 
Published: May 2018

AbstractHere we provide instructions to measure topographic memory in mice using the Hamlet test, a complex environment. The apparatus mimics a small hamlet with a central agora and five houses, which are functionalized since mice can drink, eat pellets, hide within a small maze, run in an activity wheel, or interact with a stranger mouse behind a grid. The houses are interconnected through a network of streets in a five‐arm star shape, and a video tracking system takes information from the activity in each house or follows a single mouse by trajectometry. Training the mice in the Hamlet, in groups for several hours per day over several days or weeks, allows consolidation of topographic memory (i.e., route learning involving both allocentric and egocentric strategies). Analysis of topographic memory can be performed a posteriori in a probe test by depriving mice of water or food and measuring their ability to efficiently reach the “eat” or “drink” house. Control groups include mice tested in non‐deprived condition and mice naïve to the Hamlet and tested in deprived or non‐deprived conditions. The present article details the apparatus, procedures, and protocols that can be used to reliably habituate mice in this complex environment and measure topographic memory. © 2018 by John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
Electrochemical Detection of Interaction between Dacarbazine and Nucleic Acids in Comparison to Agarose Gel Electrophoresis
Authors: Kanat Erkin , Eksin Ece , Karacicek Bilge , Eraç Yasemin , Erdem Arzum 
Published: May 2018

AbstractAnticancer drug Dacarbazine (DCB) has been used for the treatment for metastatic malignant melanoma. In our study, the biomolecular interaction between DCB and DNA was investigated electrochemically for the first time using single‐walled carbon nanotube (SWCNT) modified disposable pencil graphite electrode (PGEs). The SWCNT modified PGEs were optimized for advanced DNA sensing based on the response related to changes at the guanine oxidation signal. The oxidation signals of DCB and guanine were respectively measured before/after surface confined interaction process using differantial pulse voltammetry (DPV) in the same voltammetric scale. The experimental parameters, such as DCB concentration and interaction time of DCB with fsDNA were studied. The detection of interaction between DCB and nucleic acids was also studied via electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) and gel electrophoresis. In addition, the effect of time‐dependent manner from 1 min to 10 min on the interaction of DCB with nucleic acids was explored upon to the changes at guanine signal of fsDNA as well as PCR samples by DPV technique.