bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
IMPACT OF MINERALFORMATION ON RESTORATION OF THE SOIL STRUCTURE IN NAKHCHIVAN AR AND GEOGRAPHICAL SPREADING LEGITIMACY.
Authors: Aliyev RAE. Z.H. 
Published: August 2018

The silt fractions have a great impact in soil structural formation. If the soil forming rocks don't disturb, crush and weather, the soil forming processes on them occur weakly, the organic substances cause formation of the loamy stratums without completely turning. This mostly influences the initial soil forming layers. The reproduction minerals in these soils cause initial minerals majority by occurring weakly. If these processes occur quickly then they cause a gradual increase of the reproduction minerals and reduction of the initial minerals.
The heights of the zones where the geographical spreading of such stratums is situated depend on levels.
The Effects to Trend the Suitable OS Platform
Authors: Aladdin Aso Mohammed , Bakir Yad N. , Saeed Sarwar I. 
Published: August 2018

Technically, software is a part of electronic devices that is responsible for managing hardware. The signaling communication between hardware and software ultimately controls electronic devices, and is known as Operating System (OS). For the purpose of selecting the best platform for clients, users should study functionalities, securities, graphic interfaces and usability of the different OS platforms. Therefore, this research focuses on choosing the suitable OS platform for user in academic and non-academic environments, according to demanding users’ companionability. It also explains the first type of OS which can be utilized openly. In addition to that, it concentrates on some general significant aspects that are useful for OS users.
ReprÃ©sentation sociale et recours au systÃ¨me de santÃ© publique au sud de la CÃ´te dâ€™Ivoire :Une analyse Ã partir des donnÃ©es empiriques.
Authors: Kassoum TraorÃ© , Memon Fofana 
Published: August 2018

Le recours aux services de santÃ© publique est lâ€™un des facteurs clefs favorisant une meilleure santÃ© des populations. Câ€™estdans ce contexte que depuis la fin des annÃ©es 1980, la CÃ´te dâ€™Ivoire sâ€™est engagÃ©e dans une dynamique de rÃ©formes dusecteur de la santÃ© qui a principalement concernÃ©e : (i) la mise en oeuvre du Â« recouvrement des coÃ»ts Â» au niveau desservices de santÃ© publique tel que recommandÃ© dans le cadre de lâ€™Initiative de Bamako (IB), (ii) la fixation dâ€™un PaquetMinimum dâ€™ActivitÃ©s (PMA) Ã tous les niveaux de la pyramide sanitaire, (iii) la mise en oeuvre du modÃ¨le dâ€™organisationdes services extÃ©rieurs de santÃ© basÃ©s sur le district sanitaire tel que promu par lâ€™Organisation Mondiale de la SantÃ©(OMS). ParallÃ¨lement Ã ces rÃ©formes, plusieurs programmes verticaux ont Ã©tÃ© mis en place Ã travers le ProgrammeNational de DÃ©veloppement Sanitaire (PNDS) afin de faciliter le recours de la population aux systÃ¨mes de santÃ© publique.Cependant, selon les statistiques de la Direction de lâ€™Information, de la Planification et de lâ€™Evaluation (DIPE), le taux derecours aux services de santÃ© publique est faible et tourne autour de 20%. Ce taux de recours est lâ€™un des taux les plusbas de la sous-rÃ©gion (MICS, 2006). Pendant ce temps, les indicateurs de santÃ© restent inquiÃ©tants. Câ€™est sur cette baseque lâ€™article tente dâ€™analyser les perceptions que la population mobilise autour des services de santÃ© publique notammentles reprÃ©sentations qui freinent lâ€™expression dâ€™un besoin ressenti. Au plan mÃ©thodologique, lâ€™article repose sur uneenquÃªte qualitative, bien que la dÃ©marche de lâ€™Ã©tude soit la combinaison dâ€™une approche quantitative et qualitative, axÃ©esur une analyse narrative et comprÃ©hensive.
Effect of Climate Change on Cocoa Production in Ondo State, Nigeria.
Authors: R.S. Owoeye , Sekumade A.B. 
Published: August 2018

carried out on effect of climate change on cocoa production in Ondo State, Nigeria. It specifically identified the socio-economic characteristics, examined the coping strategies adopted by the farmers in adjusting to these problems, determined the factors affecting the coping strategies adopted by the farmers in adapting to climate change, examined the rainfall andÂ temperature patterns of the study area within the period of 1992 â€“ 2012 and analyzed the effects of some climatic variables on cocoa production within the period of 1992-2012. Multi-stage sampling technique was employed to obtain data from 180 cocoa farmers that were purposively selected from 3 Local Government Areas in Ondo State being the highest producers it the State, these are; Ondo East, Akure South and Idanre LGA. Descriptive Statistical Analysis, Trend Analysis, Multiple Regression Model and Tobit Regression Modelwere used to analyze the data. About 62% of the cocoa farmers interviewed observed noticeable changes in temperature while 70% and 51% of the farmers reported increased changes in rainfall and sunlight respectively. Among the most prevalent climate change problems reported among cocoa farmers in the study area were; high incidence of black pod disease (80%), death of cocoa trees (75%), increase malaria incidence (65%),reduction in cocoa yield (63%) and inability to dry cocoa pods (61%). The trend analysis of cocoa production in the study area revealed that there was a sharp decrease in the volume of cocoa produced from 1992-2000while fluctuatingoccurrenceswere witnessed in the volume of cocoa produced till 2012. Also, there was variability in the rainfall, relative humidity and temperature patterns examined within the period under the study. The major coping strategies employed by the cocoa farmers in the study area were; use of chemicals (75%), mulching and planting trees (69%) different planting date (63%), monitoring weather (61%) and crop diversification (58%)while factors influencing coping strategies adoption by the cocoa farmers in the study were; level of education, farm size, access to extension service and farming experience. Keywords:Cocoa Production,
URDU RESEARCH: ASPECTS AND PROSPECTS
Authors: Iqbal Shamaila , Hamid Dr. Muhammad 
Published: August 2018

The tradition of Urdu literary research goes back to the writing of Tazkiras. The first Tazkira was written in 1752. It wasÂ followed by a stream of Tazkira writing. In the next phase Sir Syed and his companions introduced modern style ofÂ research. Afterwards objective scientific style of literary research was introduced by Hafiz Mehmood Shirani on the breakÂ of 20th century. Henceforward, Urdu research went on the pace and reached at the edge of 21st century. During thisÂ journey it saw many changes. In the beginning, most of the works were past-oriented. While in the last 50 years, it hasÂ turned towards future. Now both of the streams are going side by side and focus is going to shift towards futurization.
Self- Spirituality and its Advantageous Impact for Positive Counselling Attitudes among Youths
Authors: Tanimoonwo Idowu Grace , Aishah Hassan, Siti , Hamzah Azimi , Maznah Baba 
Published: August 2018

This paper presents the influences of self-spirituality for prosperous Counselling attitudes among youths with particular focusÂ on Nigerian students in Malaysian Universities, towards becoming positive agents of change in the society. The researchÂ paper analyses ways in which self-spirituality can be applied independently as a Counselling means to achieve positiveÂ attitudes among these university students. The Null hypothesis stated that there are no significant and direct relationshipsÂ between self-spirituality and counselling attitudes. To carry out the research, two instruments were combined in aÂ quantitative survey involving 394 students that were systematically drawn from ten randomly selected universities inÂ Malaysia. The results of the data analysis indicate the fact that self-spirituality has a positive impact on counselling attitudeswith (Î² =0.212 and p value = 0.002). The null hypothesis was therefore rejected. The analysis ends with a discussion thatÂ provides recommendations that can be adopted to ensure success of the self-spirituality use in counselling. The paperÂ suggested with remarkable conclusion that since spirituality plays such an important role in every society, there should be more nurturing of it in the society while the Guidance Counsellors work towards directing the young people on the right pathÂ of God.
Research in Afghanistan: Innovative Strategies for Overcoming Methodological Challenges
Authors: Besmel Parwez , Solop Frederic I. 
Published: August 2018

This paper examines challenges associated with conducting social science research in third world, conflict settings.Â Employing a qualitative, case study approach, we highlight the methodological barriers confronted by administration ofÂ Afghanistan Research Servicesâ€™ (a Division of Afghanistan Holding Group) Mortgage Market Assessment, a studyÂ conducted in five major Afghanistan cities. While these barriers may be viewed through the lens of western social science as threatening the validity of legitimate research, innovative accommodations in the areas of sampling, quality control andÂ mitigation of fear and mistrust led to successful data collection efforts. This case study of research in Afghanistan, offersÂ lessons for ambitious researchers interested in adapting standard research techniques to future work with non-westernÂ peoples living under conflict conditions
Assessing the Knowledge of Nurses Regarding Hypertension Management Who are Working in National Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases and Hospital in Bangladesh
Authors: Rahman Chowdhury Urmi , Johara Fatema Tuj , Hossain S M Ferdous 
Published: August 2018

Hypertension is a chronic disease, which progresses silently and leads to many complications affecting major bodyÂ organs. Hypertensive patientâ€™s awareness may be developed on the various aspects regarding disease and self-caremanagement through the health care providers. Nurses knowledge regarding hypertension plays an important role in theÂ ability to the management of hypertension Patients [Kaur et al., 2007]. This descriptive type of cross-sectional study wasÂ conducted to assess the Nurses knowledge regarding hypertension in National Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases,Â (NICVD), Sher-E-Bangla Nagar, Dhaka, Bangladesh. Sample size was selected 60 nurses through purposive samplingÂ technique. Data were collected by using the self-administer questionnaire through maintaining face to face interview of theÂ respondents. Data analysis procedure was done by using statistical approaches. Analyzing demographic information, itÂ has found, most of the nurses are from older age group with majority of them belong to secondary level education,Â significant proportion of them have done diploma in nursing. In terms of awareness, largest number of respondents hasÂ very good knowledge on concept of hypertension. They have also fairly known about management and prevention ofhypertension. However, they have limitation in knowing causes and symptom of hypertension. In addition, they have quiteÂ poor knowledge how to control hypertension. From this study, it is concluded that, hospital management requireÂ instigating different training opportunities and learning session so that nurses would have improve their knowledge.
TEACH SCIENCE MAKING SCIENCE: AN EXPERIENCE IN BASIC EDUCATION OF BRAZILIAN SEMIARID
Authors: Ferraz Ferraz , Lima Diorminda de 
Published: August 2018

The purpose of this research is to evaluate the methodology of scientific research - Teaching science by making science -in the practical context, with a view to construction of educational paradigms in basic education. This is a case studyÂ carried out initially in vacations courses sponsored by the EspaÃ§oCiÃªncia with teachers and managers of the municipalÂ school system, and bachelor's degree students in Biological Sciences from the Centro de Ensino Superior do Vale do SÃ£oÂ Francisco and later with 25 tutors who taught their classes using this methodology in elementary and high schoolÂ education. The results of this research demonstrate approval of the methodology by 76% of managers, 57% of teachers,Â and 100% of students in the course of Biological Sciences who participated in the vacation courses. They have tutors whoÂ have used this methodology in elementary school and high school approved with percentage corresponding to 100% andÂ 50.70% respectively. Regarding the methodology investigated the following categories were evaluated: studentÂ participation, learning, quantity and quality of content, skills and mobilized skills by students of basic education, as well asÂ the perception of worshipers as the advantages and disadvantages in the application of the methodology for their levels ofeducation.
Determination of the Factors Preventing Students of the Faculty of Sports Sciences from Participating in Recreational Activities: Ondokuz MayÄ±s University Sample
Authors: Ã‡EBÄ° Mehmet , Ã‡AVUÅžOÄžLU GÃ¼l , ÃœNVER Åžaban , Ä°SLAMOÄžLU Ä°zzet , ACAR KÃ¼rÅŸat 
Published: August 2018

The purpose of this study is to examine the factors which prevent the students of Faculty of Sport Sciences from participating in recreational activities in terms of some variables.A total of 275 (183 men, 92 women) randomly chosen students studying at YaÅŸar DoÄŸu Faculty of Sport Sciences participated in the study voluntarily. â€œLeisure Constraints Questionnaireâ€ developed by Alexandris and Carroll (1997) adapted to Turkish by KarakÃ¼Ã§Ã¼k and GÃ¼rbÃ¼z (2007) was used as the data collection tool. The data obtained were analyzed with SPSS 21 package program. Kolmogrov test was used to find out whether the data were normally distributed and the data were found to be normally distributed. The data were analyzed with frequency analysis, t test and Anova test in independent samples and the Bonferroni test was used to analyze the difference between groups.The factors which prevented students from participating in recreational activities showed significant differences in â€œindividual psychologicalâ€ subscale and total scores in terms of the variable of age and in â€œfacilities/services and accessibilityâ€ subscale in terms of genderÂ (p<0,05). In terms of the difference in the age variable, participation in recreational activities increased as age increased. In terms of gender, women were seen to participate less in recreational activities when compared with men.The results of the study showed that the students of the Faculty of Sport Sciences did not have difficulties in participating in recreational activities; however, women were found to participate less than men. In order to increase womenâ€™s participation, informative activities, activities for women and interesting activities for women should be made more attractive.Â
THE LEARNING PROCESS OF PHYSICAL AND HEALTH EDUCATION SUBJECT IN CLASS VIII OF SMP N 4 KOTA PAYAKUMBUH
Authors: Firdaus Kamal 
Published: August 2018

The problem of this research was initiated by the learning process of Physical, Sport and Health EducationÂ which was not run well. This research was aimed at revealing the studentsâ€™ intrinsic and extrinsic motivationÂ toward the learning process of Physical, Sport and Health Education subject at SMP N 1 Kota Payakumbuh.Â This was a descriptive research. The population of the research was all of students (287) in grade VIII of SMPÂ N 4 Kota Payakumbuh. By using random sampling technique, 20% (55 students) of the population were takenas the sample. The data were obtained by making use of the questionnaire of Gudmanâ€™s scale. The dataÂ gathered then were analyzed by using statistic of descriptive percentage.Â Based on the results of data analysis, it was figured out that: 1) the studentsâ€™ intrinsic motivation towardÂ Physical, Sport and Health Education subject at SMP N 4 Kota Payakumbuh is 44.6% (average), and 2) thestudentsâ€™ extrinsic motivation toward Physical, Sport and Health Education subject is 41.8% (average). FromÂ these results, it is concluded that the studentsâ€™ motivation toward Physical, Sport and Health EducationÂ subject, in general, is in average category.
THE EFFECT OF REPETITION EXERCISE METHOD AND INTENSIVE INTERVAL EXERCISE METHOD ON THE STUDENTSâ€™ 100 METER SPRINTING ABILITY AT SMP N 1 PARIAMAN
Authors: Firdaus Kamal 
Published: August 2018

This research was derived from the problems indicating that the students had lack of capability in 100 meterÂ sprinting. This could be seen from the result of local sport competition held annually. This research sought toÂ explain the improvement of the studentsâ€™ 100 meter sprinting ability by using Repetition Exercise Method andÂ Intensive Interval Method. The subject of the research was 22 students at SMP N 1 Pariaman. They wereÂ chosen based on their ability in 100 meter sprinting which was lower compared to those from other schools.This was an experimental research which applied quantitative approach. The research was conducted in 16Â meetings from May to June 2014. The data gathered were in the form of quantitative data. They wereÂ obtained through 100 meter sprinting test. The results of data analysis revealed that: (1) the value of tcalculatedÂ gotten by applying Repetition Exercise Method was higher (12.14) than that of ttable (1.812) indicating that theÂ use of that method significantly exerted an influence upon the studentsâ€™ 100 meter sprinting ability at SMPNegeri 1 Pariaman, (2) the value of tcalculated gotten by applying Intensive Interval Method was higher (3.27)Â than that of ttable (1.812) indicating that the use of that method significantly exerted an influence upon theÂ studentsâ€™ 100 meter sprinting ability at SMP Negeri 1 Pariaman, and (3) there was no significant differentÂ between the use of Repetition Exercise Method and Intensive Interval Method at SMP Negeri 1 Pariaman inÂ which the value of tcalculated (0.28) was higher than ttable (1.860).Â
THE STUDENTSâ€™ MOTIVATION TOWARD PHYSICAL AND HEALTH EDUCATION SUBJECT (A GENERAL COURSE) IN STATE UNIVERSITY OF PADANG (UNP)
Authors: Firdaus Kamal 
Published: August 2018

The problems of the research were the students who frequently came late to their class and were unserious inÂ the learning process. This research sought to reveal the studentsâ€™ motivation toward Physical and HealthÂ Education subject in State university of Padang. This research was conducted in December. The number ofÂ the sample involved was 134 students. The data were analyzed by using percentage formula. Based on theÂ results of the research, it was found out that the studentsâ€™ intrinsic motivation toward Physical and HealthÂ Education subject is in average category while their extrinsic motivation toward Physical and Health Educationsubject is in good category. The studentsâ€™ motivation in general toward Physical and Health Education subjectÂ in State University of Padang is in average category.
The comparison between the market value (MVA) the net profit after tax by economic value added (EVA) to net profit after tax of the companies listed on the in Tehran Stock Exchange
Authors: Ashtiani Saleh Payande , Ashtiani Amir Rahimi 
Published: August 2018

Desired performance and eventually increase the company's value will increase shareholder wealth. The fundamental challenge of managing businesses to create value for shareholders.Â The comparison between the market value (MVA) the net profit after tax by economic value added (EVA) to net profit after tax of the companies listed on the in Tehran Stock Exchange in 2007 to 2014. So that can be a benchmark internal performance evaluation that a representative of the market value is also achieved which the statistical was determined technique of a linear regression coefficient, And EVIEWS and SPSS software was used to test the hypotheses. The results show that there are positive correlation between (MVA/EARING) as the dependent variable (EVA/EARING) as independent variables studied in all companies, regardless of their weakness. So the companies listed in in Tehran Stock Exchange (EVA/EARING) as a measure of internal performance measurement alone is not enough to predict the effectiveness criteria is value in the market. In our group of companies and industries except, automotive and pharmaceutical industries that there were not a significant relationship between the variables in the rest of the industry significant relationship between the variables.Â Â
China contributes to the ISID in Pacific Island Countries
Authors: Yue Hongfei 
Published: August 2018

As we know, the Small Island Developing States face specialÂ challenges to their development. This is particularly true for the Pacific Island States, scattered as they are over a huge area of ocean.More specifically, the 22 Pacific Island countries are scattered over one third of the globe (thirty million sq. km. mostly ocean). The total population of the South Pacific excluding Australia and New Zealand is about 8 million; half of which reside in Papua New Guinea.Many stakeholders have been involving in assisting the development of Pacific Island Countries for a long time. In recent years, China has become one of the active players in the inclusive and sustainable development of Pacific Island Countries.
Death and Life: A Study on Pakistani Youth
Authors: Rattani Sarwat Amin , Iqbal Dr. Farah 
Published: August 2018

The aim of the present study was to explore the relation between Death Attitudes and Meaning in Life. Besides this exploratory approach, it was also hypothesized that â€˜Search for Meaningâ€™ would be significantly greater than â€˜Presence of Meaningâ€™ in youth population. For this purpose, 60 males and 60 female students were conveniently approached in University of Karachi to participate in the study. Two questionnaires were administered; Death Attitudes Profile â€“ Revised (subscales; fear of death, death avoidance, neutral acceptance, approach acceptance and escape acceptance) and Meaning in Life (subscales; search for meaning and presence of meaning). Results revealed gender difference in two death attitudes. Hypothesis regarding search for meaning being greater than presence of meaning was proved. Exploratory analysis of death attitudes and meaning in life showed complex relation.Â Â The aim of the present study was to explore the relation between Death Attitudes and Meaning in Life. Besides this exploratory approach, it was also hypothesized that â€˜Search for Meaningâ€™ would be significantly greater than â€˜Presence of Meaningâ€™ in youth population. For this purpose, 60 males and 60 female students were conveniently approached in University of Karachi to participate in the study. Two questionnaires were administered; Death Attitudes Profile â€“ Revised (subscales; fear of death, death avoidance, neutral acceptance, approach acceptance and escape acceptance) and Meaning in Life (subscales; search for meaning and presence of meaning). Results revealed gender difference in two death attitudes. Hypothesis regarding search for meaning being greater than presence of meaning was proved. Exploratory analysis of death attitudes and meaning in life showed complex relation.Â Â