bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Wprowadzenie
Authors: Zawadzka Anna , Kozłowski Michał 
Published: February 2018

IntroductionThe text introduces the collection of articles devoted to modern reflection on Pierre Bourdieu’s theory, entitled Traces of Bourdieu: Inspirations, continuations, revisions (Ślady Bourdieu: Inspiracje, kontynuacje, rewizje), originally presented at the eponymous conference held in 2013 in Warsaw. The conference was coorganised by the Centre for French Culture, Faculty of Philosophy and Sociology (University of Warsaw), the Institute of Slavic Studies, Polish Academy of Sciences and the UW–EHESS Interdisciplinary Cooperation Group. WprowadzenieTekst stanowi wprowadzenie do zbioru artykułów poświęconych współczesnej refleksji nad teorią Pierre’a Bourdieu, zatytułowanego Ślady Bourdieu: Inspiracje, kontynuacje, rewizje (Traces of Bourdieu: Inspirations, continuations, revisions). Na zbiór ten składają się teksty referatów wygłoszonych podczas konferencji pod tym samym tytułem, która odbyła się w Warszawie w 2013 roku. Organizatorami konferencji były następujące instytucje: Ośrodek Kultury Francuskiej, Wydział Filozofii i Socjologii (Uniwersytet Warszawski), Instytut Slawistyki Polskiej Akademii Nauk oraz Interdyscyplinarny Zespół Współpracy UW–EHESS.
Fantazmat klasistowski
Authors: Jacyno Małgorzata 
Published: February 2018

The classist phantasmThe aim of this article is to trace to process of dehierarchisation of modern societies as a “mission” undertaken by the middle class. Hierarchy is an element of the social unconscious, it is also what constitutes the conditions of establishing new relations. The study of sociogenesis postulated by Bourdieu is not about reconstructing a historical process but about discovering how specific historical conditions determine the present forms and practices creating representations of, in this instance, equality and brotherhood. The sociogenesis of Western European brotherhood allows for an insight into how hierarchy gets reproduced in equality and what “intensities” are hidden behind it. Fantazmat klasistowskiCelem artykułu jest prześledzenie procesu dehierarchizacji nowoczesnych społeczeństw jako „misji”, jaką wzięła na siebie klasa średnia. Hierarchia jest elementem nieświadomości społecznej oraz tym, co tworzy warunki ustanawiania nowych relacji. W zalecanym przez Bourdieu badaniu socjogenezy nie chodzi o rekonstrukcję procesu historycznego, ale o odkrycie, jak określone warunki historyczne determinują aktualne formy i praktyki, w tym wypadku wytwarzania przedstawień równości i braterstwa. Socjogeneza zachodnioeuropejskiego braterstwa pozwala zatem odpowiedzieć na pytanie, jak w równości reprodukuje się hierarchia i jakie kryją się za nią „intensywności”.
Uwagi na temat teoretycznych i metodologicznych aspektów pojęcia pola
Authors: Lebaron Frédéric 
Published: February 2018

Some remarks on the theoretical and methodological aspects of the notion of fieldThe text constitutes an analysis of the notion of field – its limits and its importance in the theory of Pierre Bourdieu and in other sociological approaches which draw on his theory. The author opens his considerations with a return to the genesis of the notion in Pierre Bourdieu’s works, that is to the formative period of the theory, culminating in the 1970s. The author then goes on to ponder the practical application and empirical scope of the notion of field, and concludes the article with the presentation of a methodological use of the notion of field in data analysis. Uwagi na temat teoretycznych i metodologicznych aspektów pojęcia polaTekst stanowi analizę pojęcia pola – jego granic i jego wagi zarówno w teorii Pierre’a Bourdieu, jak i w innych, ale odwołujących się do tej teorii, ujęciach socjologicznych. Swoje rozważania autor rozpoczyna od powrotu do genezy tego pojęcia w dziełach Bourdieu, czyli do okresu powstawania teorii, którego kulminacja przypada na lata siedemdziesiąte XX wieku. Następnie autor zajmuje się praktycznym zastosowaniem i empirycznym zakresem pojęcia pola. Na końcu przedstawia metodologiczne wykorzystanie pojęcia pola w ramach analizy danych.
Wybawca Wittgenstein? Problem reguł w teorii praktyki Pierre'a Bourdieu
Authors: Pancewicz-Puchalska Magdalena 
Published: February 2018

Wittgenstein the saviour? The problem of rules in Pierre Bourdieu’s theory of practiceThe text constitutes a thorough and exhaustive analysis of the impact of Ludwig Wittgenstein’s philosophy on Pierre Bourdieu’s theory of practice and especially on his notions of practical sense and logic of practice. The author first considers both philosophers’ attitude to objectivism. Then she proposes a reading of Wittgenstein’s theory that might prove useful and inspiring in the sociological field. In the final section, the author analyses the other, partly oppositional in relation to Bourdieu’s, theories of practice, proposed by Anthony Giddens and Michel de Certeau, putting them in the light of Wittgenstein’s analyses. Wybawca Wittgenstein? Problem reguł w teorii praktyki Pierre’a BourdieuTekst stanowi dociekliwą i wyczerpującą analizę wpływu filozofii Ludwiga Wittgensteina na teorię praktyki Pierre’a Bourdieu, a zwłaszcza na wypracowane przez Bourdieu pojęcia zmysłu praktycznego i logiki praktycznej. Autorka rozważa stosunek do obiektywizmu obu filozofów. Następnie proponuje takie odczytanie teorii Wittgensteina, które mogłoby okazać się pożyteczne i inspirujące w polu socjologicznym. W ostatniej części artykułu autorka analizuje inne, po części opozycyjne wobec teorii Pierre’a Bourdieu teorie praktyki, zaproponowane przez Anthony’ego Giddensa i Michela de Certeau i stawia je w świetle analiz Wittgensteina.
Socjologiczne życiorysy pewnego dzieła: Trajektorie, produkcje i recepcje Abdelmaleka Sayada (1960–2000)
Authors: Pérez Amín 
Published: February 2018

The sociological lives of a work: The trajectories, productions and receptions of Abdelmalek Sayad (1960–2000)Taking as his point of departure the sociological-analytical tools applied by the immigration scholar Abdelmayek Sayad, the author of this article investigates the biographical facts that influenced Sayad’s works and practice. The first part is devoted to Sayad’s Algerian biography, that is his life before arriving in France in 1963. The most important point here is the meeting, during the Algerian War (1958), of young Pierre Bourdieu, then an assistant at the University of Algiers and the turn they both made to social science. The second part of the text is devoted to the life of Abdelmalek Sayad on different stages of the creation and reception of his scholarly work. The author aims to study the ways in which the sociologist took into consideration the reception of his work: how reception reflexively influenced Sayad’s sociology. Socjologiczne życiorysy pewnego dzieła: Trajektorie, produkcje i recepcje Abdelmaleka Sayada (1960–2000)Wychodząc od narzędzi socjologiczno-analitycznych wykorzystywanych przez badacza imigracji Abdelmaleka Sayada, autor bada fakty biograficzne, które wpłynęły na socjologiczną twórczość i praktykę Sayada. W pierwszej części tekstu autor przygląda się biografii algierskiej Sayada, czyli jego losom przed przybyciem do Francji w 1963 roku. Najważniejszym punktem będzie tu spotkanie w czasie wojny algierskiej z młodym Pierre’em Bourdieu, wówczas asystentem na uniwersytecie w Algierze (1958), i zwrot ich obu ku naukom społecznym. Druga część tekstu poświęcona jest drodze życiowej Abdelmaleka Sayada na różnych etapach powstawania i odbioru jego twórczości naukowej. Celem autora jest zbadanie, w jaki sposób socjolog uwzględnił recepcję swojego dzieła, a zatem to, jak recepcja ta zwrotnie wpływała na sposób uprawiania przez niego nauki.
"Double absence": Sayad–Bourdieu – case study współpracy naukowej
Authors: Wagner Izabela 
Published: February 2018

Double absence: Sayad–Bourdieu – a case study in academic collaborationThe text discusses successive stages in the academic careers of Pierre Bourdieu and Abdelmalek Sayad, approached and analysed in terms of careers coupling, as well as of Abdelmalek Sayad’s category of double absence. Referring to the biographies of both sociologists, the author argues that it was Pierre Bourdieu who was the principal beneficiary of his collaboration with Abdelmalek Sayad; this is also to say – beneficiary of the exclusive mechanism of double absence to which, according to Sayad, immigrants are doomed to be subjected. The text demonstrates that Sayad’s academic career was determined by non-meritocratic factors: ethnicity, past colonial dependencies and national affiliation, and ventures to answer the question about Pierre Bourdieu’s complicity in reinforcing these determinants. Double absence: Sayad–Bourdieu – case study współpracy naukowejTekst poświęcony jest kolejnym etapom karier Pierre’a Bourdieu i Abdelmaleka Sayada, ujętym i analizowanym pod kątem sprzężenia karier, a także przy użyciu wypracowanej przez Abdelmaleka Sayada kategorii podwójnej nieobecności. Przywołując biografię obu socjologów, autorka dowodzi, że Pierre Bourdieu był głównym beneficjentem współpracy z Abdelmalekiem Sayadem, a tym samym wykluczającego mechanizmu podwójnej nieobecności, na którego działanie, jak dowodził Sayad, skazani są imigranci. Tekst unaocznia, że karierę naukową Sayada zdeterminowały czynniki pozamerytoryczne: etniczność, przeszłe zależności kolonialne i przynależność narodowa, a także próbuje odpowiedzieć na pytanie o udział Pierre’a Bourdieu we wzmacnianiu tych determinant.
Płynne formy celebracji: Festiwale a polskie pole literackie
Authors: Jankowicz Grzegorz , Sowa Jan 
Published: February 2018

Liquid forms of celebration: Festivals and the Polish literary fieldThe text aims to analyze the position of literary festivals within the Polish literary field. The process described is dynamic in character (the position of particular festivals changes over time). The authors attempt to grasp this dynamic, including its determining factors and the transformations it introduces in the literary field. The methodological framework of the article is provided by the category of theory of fields, developed by Pierre Bourdieu. Płynne formy celebracji: Festiwale a polskie pole literackieTekst ma na celu analizę pozycji, jaką festiwale poświęcone literaturze zajmują w obrębie polskiego pola literackiego. Pole to ma charakter dynamiczny (pozycja poszczególnych festiwali zmienia się wraz z upływem czasu). Autorzy starają się uchwycić ową dynamikę, zrozumieć determinujące ją czynniki, a także związane z tym przemiany w obrębie pola literackiego. Ramę metodologiczną tekstu stanowi kategoria teorii pól wypracowana przez Pierre’a Bourdieu.
Społecznie konstruowane ciała i performatywna magia: Teoria socjologiczna Pierre’a Bourdieu w badaniach performatywnych
Authors: Kopciewicz Lucyna 
Published: February 2018

Social construction of the body and the performative magic: Pierre Bourdieu’s sociological theory in performance studiesPerformance studies are a developing field of social science which draws on the insights of sociology, ethnography, cultural studies, cultural anthropology, theatre studies and communication studies. The object of performance studies is human activity seen as expression which constitutes the process of production and reproduction of subjectivity. In this text the author analyses Pierre Bourdieu’s sociological theory from the perspective of performance studies: of questions about social agency, understood as constructing the subject within a specific field of power. The author focuses particularly on the following aspects of individual and collective practices as described by Pierre Bourdieu: spatial practices, bodily practices, and masculine domination. Społecznie konstruowane ciała i performatywna magia: Teoria socjologiczna Pierre’a Bourdieu w badaniach performatywnychPerformatyka jest rozwijającą się dziedziną badań społecznych, która korzysta z dorobku socjologii, etnografii, studiów kulturowych, antropologii kulturowej, teatrologii, studiów nad komunikowaniem. Przedmiotem badań performatywnych jest aktywność ludzka rozumiana jako ekspresja, która stanowi proces wytwarzania i reprodukowania podmiotowości. W niniejszym tekście autorka analizuje teorię socjologiczną Pierre’a Bourdieu w perspektywie performatyki: pytań o społeczną sprawczość rozumianą jako konstruowanie podmiotu w określonym polu władzy. Szczególnemu namysłowi autorka poddaje następujące aspekty indywidualnych i zbiorowych praktyk opisane przez Pierre’a Bourdieu: praktyki przestrzenne, praktyki cielesne, męska dominacja.
Deciphering the Sunshine Act
Authors: Saver Richard S. 
Published: February 2018

The Physician Payments Sunshine Act (“Sunshine Act”), enacted to address financial conflicts in health care, is the first comprehensive federal legislation mandating public reporting of payments between drug companies, device manufacturers, and medicine. This article analyzes the Sunshine Act's uneven record, exploring how the law serves as an intriguing example of the uncertain case for transparency regulation in health care. The Sunshine Act's bumpy rollout demonstrates that commanding transparency through legislation can be arduous because of considerable implementation challenges. Capturing all the relevant information about financial relationships and reporting it with sufficient contextual and comparative data has proven disappointingly difficult. In addition, the law suffers from uncertainty and poor design as to the intended audience. Indeed, there is strong reason to believe that it will not significantly impact decision-making of primary recipients like patients.Yet the Sunshine Act nonetheless retains important and perhaps underappreciated value. From the almost four years of information generated, we have learned that industry-medicine financial ties vary significantly by physician specialty, and somewhat by physician gender. In many medical fields the distribution of top dollar payments tends to be heavily skewed to a few recipients, all of which have important implications for optimal management of financial conflicts and for health policy more generally. Accordingly, the Sunshine Act's greatest potential is not guiding decisions of individual patients or physicians, but its downstream effects. This Article traces how secondary audiences, such as regulators, watchdogs, and counsel are already starting to make productive use of Sunshine Act information. Public reporting has, for example, made more feasible linking industry payment information with Medicare reimbursement data. As a result, policymakers can more closely examine correlations between industry spending directed at individual physicians and their prescribing and referral decisions. Moreover, savvy counsel are recognizing that Sunshine Act information provides explosive evidence in private civil litigation and this Article explores the first wave of cases.
Code Red
Authors: Ossei-Owusu Shaun 
Published: February 2018

The United States' health care system is mired in uncertainty. Public opinion on the Patient Protection and Affordable Care Act (“ACA”) is undeniably mixed and politicized. The individual mandate, tax subsidies, and Medicaid expansion dominate the discussion. This Article argues that the ACA and reform discourse have given short shrift to a more static problem: the law of emergency care. The Emergency Medical Treatment and Active Labor Act of 1986 (“EMTALA”) requires most hospitals to screen patients for emergency medical conditions and provide stabilizing treatment regardless of patients' insurance status or ability to pay. Remarkably, this law strengthened the health safety net in a country that has no universal health care. But it is an unfunded mandate that responded to the problem of emergency care in a flawed fashion and contributed to the supposed “free rider” problem that the ACA attempted to cure.But the ACA has also not been effective at addressing the issue of emergency care. The ACA's architects reduced funding for hospitals that serve a disproportionate percentage of the medically indigent but did not anticipate the Supreme Court's ruling in NFIB v. Sebelius, which made Medicaid expansion optional. Public and non-profit hospitals now face a scenario of less funding and potentially higher emergency room utilization due to continued uninsurance or underinsurance. Alternatives to the ACA have been insufficiently attentive to the importance of emergency care in our health system. This Article contends that any proposal that does not seriously consider EMTALA is incomplete and bound to produce some of the same problems that have dogged the American health care system for the past few decades. Moreover, the Article shows how notions of race, citizenship, and deservingness have filtered into this health care trajectory, and in the context of reform, have the potential to exacerbate existing health inequality. The paper concludes with normative suggestions on how to the mitigate EMTALA's problems in ways that might improve population health.
Hand hygiene compliance monitoring in anaesthetics: Feasibility and validity
Authors: Jeanes A , Dick J , Coen P , Drey N , Gould DJ 
Published: February 2018

Background: Hand hygiene compliance scores in the anaesthetic department of an acute NHS hospital were persistently low. Aims: To determine the feasibility and validity of regular accurate measurement of HHC in anaesthetics and understand the context of care delivery, barriers and opportunities to improve compliance. Methods: The hand hygiene compliance of one anaesthetist was observed and noted by a senior infection control practitioner (ICP). This was compared to the World Health Organization five moments of hand hygiene and the organisation hand hygiene tool. Findings: In one sequence of 55 min, there were approximately 58 hand hygiene opportunities. The hand hygiene compliance rate was 16%. The frequency and speed of actions in certain periods of care delivery made compliance measurement difficult and potentially unreliable. During several activities, taking time to apply alcohol gel or wash hands would have put the patients at significant risk. Discussion: We concluded that hand hygiene compliance monitoring by direct observation was invalid and unreliable in this specialty. It is important that hand hygiene compliance is optimal in anaesthetics particularly before patient contact. Interventions which reduce environmental and patient contamination, such as cleaning the patient and environment, could ensure anaesthetists encounter fewer micro-organisms in this specialty.
Hhex induces promyelocyte self-renewal and cooperates with growth factor independence to cause myeloid leukemia in mice
Authors: Jackson Jacob T. , Ng Ashley P. , Shields Benjamin J. , Haupt Sue , Haupt Ygal , McCormack Matthew P. 
Published: February 2018

Key PointsOverexpression of Hhex transcription factor blocks myeloid differentiation at the promyelocyte stage. Hhex cooperates with growth factor independence to elicit rapid promyelocytic leukemia in mice.
Do-not-resuscitate orders as part of advance care planning in patients with COPD
Authors: Raskin Jo , Vermeersch Kristina , Everaerts Stephanie , Van Bleyenbergh Pascal , Janssens Wim 
Published: February 2018

There is growing awareness of the need for advance care planning in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). However, do-not-resuscitate (DNR) order implementation remains a challenge in clinical practice.We retrospectively analysed an observational cohort of 569 COPD patients with 2.5–8 years of follow-up in secondary care, to evaluate potential determinants and the prognostic significance of DNR order implementation and specification.345 patients (61%) had no DNR order, of whom 27% died during a median (interquartile range (IQR)) follow-up of 1935 (1290–2448) days. 194 (39%) patients had a DNR order, of whom 17 had the order at baseline and 82% died (median (IQR) follow-up 528 (137–901) days), while 177 received an order during follow-up and 76% died (median (IQR) follow-up 1322 (721–2018) days). 88% of DNR orders were implemented during hospitalisation. 58% of the patients with a DNR order died within the first year after admission; of them, 66% died in the hospital. Age, forced expiratory volume in 1 s, chronic oxygen dependency and previous mechanical ventilation were significantly and independently associated with DNR order implementation. DNR order specification was significantly associated with increased mortality, even after adjustment for age and disease severity.These findings identify DNR orders as independent determinants of mortality, mainly implemented just before death.
Fluid therapy and outcome: a prospective observational study in 65 German intensive care units between 2010 and 2011
Authors: Ertmer Christian , Zwißler Bernhard , Van Aken Hugo , Christ Michael , Spöhr Fabian , Schneider Axel , Deisz Robert , Jacob Matthias 
Published: February 2018

Abstract
Background
Outcome data on fluid therapy in critically ill patients from randomised controlled trials may be different from data obtained by observational studies under “real-life” conditions. We conducted this prospective, observational study to investigate current practice of fluid therapy (crystalloids and colloids) and associated outcomes in 65 German intensive care units (ICUs). In total, 4545 adult patients who underwent intravenous fluid therapy were included. The main outcome measures were 90-day mortality, ICU mortality and acute kidney injury (AKI). Data were analysed using logistic and Cox regression models, as appropriate.

Results
In the predominantly post-operative overall cohort, unadjusted 90-day mortality was 20.1%. Patients who also received colloids (54.6%) had a higher median Simplified Acute Physiology Score II [25 (interquartile range 11; 41) vs. 17 (7; 31)] and incidence of severe sepsis (10.2 vs. 7.4%) on admission compared to patients who received exclusively crystalloids (45.4%). 6% hydroxyethyl starch (HES 130/0.4) was the most common colloid (57.0%). Crude rates of 90-day mortality were higher for patients who received colloids (OR 1.845 [1.560; 2.181]). After adjustment for baseline variables, the HR was 1.666 [1.405; 1.976] and further decreased to indicate no associated risk (HR 1.003 [0.980; 1.027]) when it was adjusted for vasopressor use, severity of disease and transfusions. Similarly, the crude risk of AKI was higher in the colloid group (crude OR 3.056 [2.528; 3.694]), after adjustment for baseline variables OR 1.941 [1.573; 2.397], and after full adjustment OR 0.696 [0.629; 0.770]), the risk of AKI turned out to be reduced. The same was true for the subgroup of patients treated with 6% HES 130/0.4 (crude OR 1.931 [1.541; 2.419], adjusted for baseline variables OR 2.260 [1.730; 2.953] and fully adjusted OR 0.800 [0.704; 0.910]) as compared to crystalloids only.

Conclusions
The present analysis of mostly post-operative patients in routine clinical care did not reveal an independent negative effect of colloids (mostly 6% HES 130/0.4) on renal function or survival after multivariable adjustment. Signals towards a reduced risk in subgroup analyses deserve further study.
Trial registration ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier: NCT01122277, registered May 11th, 2010