bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Relative effectiveness of a full versus reduced version of the ‘Smoke Free’ mobile application for smoking cessation: a randomised controlled trial
Authors: Crane David , Ubhi Harveen Kaur , Brown Jamie , West Robert 
Published: September 2018

Background:Smartphone applications (apps) are popular aids for smoking cessation. Smoke Free is an app that delivers behaviour change techniques used in effective face-to-face behavioural support programmes. The aim of this study was to assess whether the full version of Smoke Free is more effective than the reduced version.Methods: This was a two-arm randomised controlled trial. Smokers who downloaded Smoke Free were randomly offered the full or reduced version; 28,112 smokers aged 18+ years who set a quit date were included. The full version provided updates on benefits of abstinence, progress (days smoke free), virtual ‘badges’ and daily ‘missions’ with push notifications aimed at preventing and managing cravings. The reduced version did not include the missions. At baseline the app recorded users’: device type (iPhone or Android), age, sex, daily cigarette consumption, time to first cigarette of the day, and educational level. The primary outcome was self-reported complete abstinence from the quit date in a 3-month follow-up questionnaire delivered via the app. Analyses conducted included logistic regressions of outcome on to app version (full versus reduced) with adjustment for baseline variables using both intention-to-treat/missing-equals smoking (MES) and follow-up-only (FUO) analyses.Results:The 3-month follow-up rate was 8.5% (n=1,213) for the intervention and 6.5% (n=901) for the control. A total of 234 participants reported not smoking in the intervention versus 124 in the control, representing 1.6% versus 0.9% in the MES analysis and 19.3% versus 13.8% in the FUO analysis. Adjusted odds ratios were 1.90, 95%CI=1.53-2.37 (p<0.001) and 1.50, 95%CI=1.18-1.91 (p<0.001) in the MES and FUO analyses respectively.Conclusions:Despite very low follow-up rates using in-app follow up, both intention-to-treat/missing equals smoking and follow-up only analyses showed the full version of the Smoke Free app to result in higher self-reported 3-month continuous smoking abstinence rates than the reduced version.
A New Predictor of U.S. Real Economic Activity: The S&P 500 Option Implied Risk Aversion
Authors: Faccini Renato , Konstantinidi Eirini , Skiadopoulos George , Sarantopoulou-Chiourea Sylvia 
Published: September 2018

We propose a new predictor of U.S. real economic activity (REA)—namely, the representative investor’s implied relative risk aversion (IRRA) extracted from S&P 500 option prices. IRRA is forward-looking and hence is expected to be related to future economic conditions. We document that U.S. IRRA predicts U.S. REA both in- and out-of-sample once we control for well-known REA predictors and take into account their persistence. An increase (decrease) in IRRA predicts a decrease (increase) in REA. We extend the empirical analysis by extracting IRRA from the South Korean, UK, Japanese, and German index option markets. We find that South Korea IRRA predicts the South Korea REA both in- and out-of-sample, as expected given the high liquidity of its index option market. We show that a parsimonious yet flexible production economy model calibrated to the U.S. economy can explain the documented negative relation between risk aversion and future economic growth.This paper was accepted by Lauren Cohen, finance.
Internal Innovation Capability and ICT Use in the Innovation Process from the View of Connectivity in Japanese SMEs
Authors: Shigeno Hidenori , Matsuzaki Taisuke , Tsuji Masatsugu 
Published: September 2018

<p>Since new information necessary for innovation mainly comes from outside the firm, it is essential that the firm should innitially obtain such information, and then integrate it with indigenous resources for innovation owned by the firm. During these two processes, it is needless to say that ICT (Information and Communication Technology) has important roles to play. The research questions of this study are to examine how internal innovation capability such as the technological level and R&amp;D (Research and Development), contributes to the innovation and how it is promoted by ICT use. Using the survey data of about 650 SMEs (Small Medium Enterprise) from all over Japan, this study constructs two models with ICT or without ICT and focuses on how SEMs (Structural Equation Modeling) obtain information from external linkages and the role of ICT in the innovation process. SEM is employed to show the causality among factors to promote innovation. The estimation results show that (i) top management is important to promote innovation; (ii) SMEs use two channels to connect to external linkages with and without ICT; and (iii) ICT is the basis of other factors which promote innovation.</p><p align="center"> </p><p>Keywords: External linkages, SEM, causality, R&amp;D, technology</p>
MINERAL COMPOSITION OF LONICERA CAERULEA PHYTOMASS IN CONTRASTING GEOCHEMICAL ENVI-RONMENTS
Authors: Боярских (Boyarskikh) Ирина (Irina) Георгиевна (Georgievna) , Сысо (Syso) Александр (Аleksandr) Иванович (Ivanovich) , Сиромля (Siromlya) Татьяна (Tat'yana) Ивановна (Ivanovna) 
Published: September 2018

To study mineral composition of honeyberry (Lonicera caerulea L.) phytomass in contrasting geochemical environments, the accumulation of macro- and trace elements, as related to their soil content in undisturbed Mountainous Altai ecosystems, was determined in organs of the Altai subspecies of honeyberry, growing in the geochemically anomalous environment on ultrabasic rocks and in the geochemically normal environment. Total chemical element content in soil and plants was determined by atomic emission spectrometry, while labile forms of К, Na, Ca, Mg, Fe, Mn, Zn, Cu, Ni, Li, Sr were measured by atomic adsorption spectrometry. Organ distribution and variation limits were determined for 30 macro- and trace elements. Leaves were shown to accumulate Sr, Ni, Mo, B, Ga, La and Zr more intensively in comparison with stems, while the latter accumulated more intensively Al, Cu, Mn and Zn. Plants grown on ultrabasic rocks had decreased Ca, K, Fe and Sr contents and increased Mg and Ni contents as compared with plants growing on acidic, carbonated and basic rocks. Decreased rate of K, Ca and Sr uptake by honeysuckle plants was most likely due to the mineral exchange distortion because of soil Ca/Mg ratio, which was unfavourable for plants. Leaves of plants growing on the ultrabasic rocks were shown to accumulate Ni in high concentrations. Increased Fe accumulation was found in leaves of plants growing on basic rocks, while stems had increased Fe concentrations in all study sites. The obtained results should be carefully considered for the purposed of phytomass collection and preparation for medicinal use.
Sharp estimates on the first Dirichlet eigenvalue of nonlinear elliptic operators via maximum principle
Authors: Della Pietra Francesco , di Blasio Giuseppina , Gavitone Nunzia 
Published: September 2018

Abstract
In this paper, we study optimal lower and upper bounds for functionals involving the first Dirichlet eigenvalue

λ
F

⁢

(
p
,
Ω
)

{\lambda_{F}(p,\Omega)}

of the anisotropic p-Laplacian,

1
<
p
<

+
∞

{1<p<+\infty}

. Our aim is to enhance, by means of the

𝒫

{\mathcal{P}}

-function method, how it is possible to get several sharp estimates for

λ
F

⁢

(
p
,
Ω
)

{\lambda_{F}(p,\Omega)}

in terms of several geometric quantities associated to the domain. The

𝒫

{\mathcal{P}}

-function method is based on a maximum principle for a suitable function involving the eigenfunction and its gradient.
Analysis of landslide effects along a road located in the Carpathian flysch
Authors: Kogut Janusz P. , Pilecka Elżbieta , Szwarkowski Dariusz 
Published: September 2018

Abstract
Landslides in the Carpathian flysch have a peculiar susceptibility to activation. This is due to the geological structure of the flysch. This study addresses analysing the effects of a landslide, particularly in regards to the operation of a transportation route that runs through the Carpathian flysch. The studies include both field work and laboratory testing of basic geotechnical parameters. The field work comprises surveys made by a terrestrial laser scanner. The study also includes a number of 2–D and 3–D numerical models. Subsequently, survey results and an analysis of the effects of landslide susceptibility and the behaviour of the road and terrain surface, due to the different loading conditions, are shown.
Radiometal-labeled anti-VCAM-1 nanobodies as molecular tracers for atherosclerosis – impact of radiochemistry on pharmacokinetics
Authors: Bala Gezim , Crauwels Maxine , Blykers Anneleen , Remory Isabel , Marschall Andrea L.J. , Dübel Stefan , Dumas Laurent , Broisat Alexis , Martin Charlotte , Ballet Steven , Cosyns Bernard , Caveliers Vicky , Devoogdt Nick , Xavier Catarina , Hernot Sophie 
Published: September 2018

Abstract
Radiolabeling of nanobodies with radiometals by chelation has the advantage of being simple, fast and easy to implement in clinical routine. In this study, we validated 68Ga/111In-labeled anti-VCAM-1 nanobodies as potential radiometal-based tracers for molecular imaging of atherosclerosis. Both showed specific targeting of atherosclerotic lesions in ApoE−/− mice. Nevertheless, uptake in lesions and constitutively VCAM-1 expressing organs was lower than previously reported for the 99mTc-labeled analog. We further investigated the impact of different radiolabeling strategies on the in vivo biodistribution of nanobody-based tracers. Comparison of the pharmacokinetics between 68Ga-, 18F-, 111In- and 99mTc-labeled anti-VCAM-1 nanobodies showed highest specific uptake for 99mTc-nanobody at all time-points, followed by the 68Ga-, 111In- and 18F-labeled tracer. No correlation was found with the estimated number of radioisotopes per nanobody, and mimicking specific activity of other radiolabeling methods did not result in an analogous biodistribution. We also demonstrated specificity of the tracer using mice with a VCAM-1 knocked-down phenotype, while showing for the first time the in vivo visualization of a protein knock-down using intrabodies. Conclusively, the chosen radiochemistry does have an important impact on the biodistribution of nanobodies, in particular on the specific targeting, but differences are not purely due to the tracer’s specific activity.
Antecedents of Border Management Network in El Paso, Texas: An Exponential Random Graph Model
Authors: Yeo Jungwon 
Published: September 2018

AbstractDespite the growing interest in interorganizational border management, relatively little is known about antecedents that drive such coordination efforts emerging in and around border regions. This case study uses exponential random graph models to test hypotheses about the antecedents of a border management coordination network in El Paso, Texas. The analysis demonstrates that actors tend to build tightly closed relationships through bonding and clustering, while also seeking cross-sectoral partnerships. In addition, actors tend to build ties with public organizations, and with organizations that represent regional interests/issues in the border management context. The research discusses the findings and offers some policy and administrative implications to enhance actor relationships within the border management network.
Achieving target levels for vascular risk parameters in Polish school-age children with type 1 diabetes – a single center study
Authors: Szadkowska Agnieszka , Michalak Arkadiusz , Chylińska-Frątczak Aneta , Baranowska-Jaźwiecka Anna , Koptas Marta , Pietrzak Iwona , Hogendorf Anna , Zmysłowska Agnieszka , Młynarski Wojciech , Mianowska Beata 
Published: September 2018

Abstract

Background
Therapeutic goals have been established to decrease the risk of long-term complications of type 1 diabetes (T1DM). The effects of these guidelines should be constantly evaluated. Hence, the present study examines the frequency at which children with T1DM treated by one of the Polish reference centers complied with the therapeutic targets issued in 2014 by the International Society for Pediatric and Adolescent Diabetes (ISPAD) and by the Diabetes Poland (PTD).

Methods
A retrospective analysis (years 2011–2014) was performed in patients with T1DM aged 6.5–18 years, with diabetes duration >12 months and no change of insulin regimen within 6 months. Collected data included insulin therapy regimen, weight, height, blood pressure, high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C), low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C), triglycerides (TG) and glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c) level from the last hospitalization.

Results
The records of 447 patients (260 boys, 299 treated with insulin pump) were analyzed. All ISPAD goals were achieved by 123 (27.5%) patients, but only 43 (9.6%) met all PTD targets. Optimal HbA1c was achieved by 224 (50.1%) according to ISPAD criteria (HbA1c<7.5%) and by 87 (19.6%) patients according to PTD (HbA1c≤6.5%). Obesity was diagnosed in 11.6% of the patients; 19.7% of the patients were overweight. In logistic regression, patient age was the only independent predictor of failing to achieve complete T1DM control (p=0.001, OR=1.12 [1.05–1.23]) and optimal HbA1c (p=0.01, OR=1.1 [1.0–1.2]) according to ISPAD guidelines. Moreover, girls had a greater risk of failing body mass index (BMI) targets (PTD: p=0.002, OR=2.16; ISPAD: p=0.0001, OR=3.37) and LDL-C targets (p=0.005, OR=1.8) than boys.

Conclusions
Overall, control of vascular risk factors in Polish children with T1DM is unsatisfactory. While too few children are achieving the HbA1c target set by PTD, it is possible that such strict national target helps half of the Polish school-age patients achieve ISPAD-issued aim which is more liberal. High prevalence of overweight among children with T1DM warrants initiatives focused not only on glycemic control but also on motivation of patients to lead a healthy lifestyle.
Ciudadanos: The myth of neutrality
Authors: Serra Marcello , González Rayco 
Published: September 2018

AbstractCiudadanos is a new Spanish political party that, in the last two years, has won a position as an important force in Parliament. Among the distinctive characteristics of its discourse, the use of the neutral stands out, which the party uses to distance itself from old-style politics. This article analyzes the discursive strategy of Ciudadanos from its founding up through the present day, and uncovers the operations of ideological camouflage that it uses to construct its apparent neutrality. In this way, the article seeks to recover the spirit of the Barthesian mythological analyses, dedicated to unmasking contemporary myths.
Pediatric chronic pain and caregiver burden in a national survey
Authors: Datz Hannah , Tumin Dmitry , Miller Rebecca , Smith Timothy P. , Bhalla Tarun , Tobias Joseph D. 
Published: September 2018

Abstract

Background and aims
Caring for children with chronic pain incurs burdens of cost and time for families. We aimed to describe variation in caregiver burden among parents of adolescents with chronic pain who responded to a nationally-representative survey. Our secondary aim was to identify child and parent characteristics associated with increased caregiver burden.

Methods
We used de-identified, publicly-available data from the 2016 National Survey of Children’s Health (NSCH), designed to be representative of non-institutionalized children in the United States. We analyzed data for households where an adolescent age 12–17 years old was reported by a parent to have chronic pain. Outcomes included the parent’s time spent on the child’s health needs, reduced labor force participation, and out-of-pocket medical costs.

Results
Data on 1,711 adolescents were analyzed. For adolescents with chronic pain, 15% of parents reported spending at least 1 h/week on their child’s health care, 14% reported cutting back on paid work, and 36% reported spending ≥$500 on their child’s health care in the past 12 months. Adolescents’ general health status and extent of specialized health care needs predicted increased caregiver burden across the three measures. Conversely, no consistent differences in caregiver burden were noted according to demographic or socioeconomic characteristics.

Conclusions
Among adolescents with chronic pain identified on a nationally-representative survey, parents frequently reported reducing work participation and incurring out-of-pocket expenses in providing health care for their child. Caregiver burdens increased with indicators of greater medical complexity (e.g. presence of comorbidities, need for specialized health care) and poorer overall adolescent health status.

Implications
We add a national-level perspective to studies previously performed in clinical samples addressing caregiver burden in pediatric chronic pain. Initiatives to reduce the burden of caring for children with chronic pain, described in prior work, may be especially beneficial for families with adolescents whose chronic pain is accompanied by other health problems or requires coordination of care among multiple providers.
Spectra of Graphs Resulting from Various Graph Operations and Products: a Survey
Authors: Barik S. , Kalita D. , Pati S. , Sahoo G. 
Published: September 2018

Abstract
Let G be a graph on n vertices and A(G), L(G), and |L|(G) be the adjacency matrix, Laplacian matrix and signless Laplacian matrix of G, respectively. The paper is essentially a survey of known results about the spectra of the adjacency, Laplacian and signless Laplacian matrix of graphs resulting from various graph operations with special emphasis on corona and graph products. In most cases, we have described the eigenvalues of the resulting graphs along with an explicit description of the structure of the corresponding eigenvectors.
Effects of Maximum Particle Size on the Results of Hydrometer Tests on Soils
Authors: Kakuturu Sai P. , Xiao Ming , Kinzel Michael 
Published: September 2018

Abstract
Hydrometer tests (ASTM D422-63(2007), Standard Test Method for Particle-Size Analysis of Soils) were conducted to determine particle size distribution (PSD) of soil particles smaller than 0.075 mm (fines). Test standards permit soils with particles larger than 0.075 mm to be tested. We investigated the effect of maximum particle size, Dmax, on the PSD of fines. Two possible effects of Dmax were hypothesized: one is that an increase in Dmax makes fines settle faster, as larger particles could collide and accelerate fines downward; the other is that an increase in Dmax makes fines settle slower, as larger particles may create upward flow relative to the downward movement of smaller particles. The goal of this research is to provide experimental evidence and understanding of the effect Dmax has on the PSD of fines, as such an effect is not currently considered in ASTM D422-63(2007). First, we tested eight samples of a natural soil (NS), each with a different Dmax: 0.075, 0.15, 0.3, 0.425, 0.6, 1.18, 2.36, and 4.75 mm. These tests showed that an increase in Dmax resulted in an increase of percent finer values for particle sizes smaller than 0.075 mm, even though the PSDs of fines of all samples were the same. To verify this observation, we conducted tests on a ground silica (GS) that was much finer than the NS, following the same methodology. Tests on GS resulted in similar PSD curves, suggesting that different Dmax values made no significant difference on the settling of GS fines. A computational fluid dynamics model was developed to simulate sedimentation. It revealed that localized upward movement (upwash) by larger particles caused smaller particles to settle even more slowly. The research showed that particles larger than 75 μm could alter the PSD obtained from hydrometer testing. Such an effect depends on the PSD of fines, which is more obvious in soils with relatively larger particle sizes (such as NS) than those with relatively smaller particles (such as GS).
Analysis of Co-Flow Water Cavitation Peening of Al7075-T651 Alloy Using High-Speed Imaging and Surface Pitting Tests
Authors: Marcon Andrea , Melkote Shreyes N. , Yoda Minami , Sanders Daniel 
Published: September 2018

Abstract
It has been recently demonstrated that co-flow water cavitation peening introduces beneficial compressive residual stresses in aerospace materials. In this process, cavitation is produced in the shear layer between two concentric co-flowing water jets with a large velocity difference. Although prior studies have shown that material response is greatly influenced by the jet velocities and standoff distances used, no effort has been made to explain the observed trends by correlating the salient features of the cavitating flow with the resultant process performance. This article investigates the effect of jet velocities in co-flow water cavitation peening through high-speed imaging and surface-pitting tests on Al 7075-T651 alloy. High-speed imaging is used to determine the cavitation cloud width as a function of the inner and outer jet velocities. Results show that the observed increase in mass loss with inner jet velocity (Vin) is due to a corresponding increase in cloud width. The high-speed imaging results also highlight the trade-off between the cloud width and the cloud occurrence probability at different outer jet velocities Vout. While a lower Vout yields a larger cavitation cloud width, a higher outer flow velocity sustains the cavitation for a larger distance, resulting in more cavitation impacts on the material surface. As a result, for the range of inner jet velocities considered, an optimum value for the outer flow velocity (Vout = 11.0 m/s) is shown to exist, which is confirmed by mass loss and strip curvature measurements. Surface micropitting analysis is used to evaluate the cavitation intensities at different flow conditions. The combined pitting and high-speed imaging results explain why higher cavitation loads are produced at the optimum flow conditions of Vin = 150 m/s, Vout = 11.0 m/s, and sn = 45.
An Experimental Study and Parameters Optimization on Duplex Turning of Titanium Alloy
Authors: Yadav Ravindra Nath 
Published: September 2018

AbstractThe present article focuses on analyzing the cutting behavior of the duplex turning process for turn-cut machining of aerospace material, especially for titanium alloy. The experiments are conducted on a homemade setup that was mounted on a lathe machine. Each experiment was replicated twice to avoid variability, and a total of 31 experimental data are collected according to the Central Composite Rotating Design matrix. The feed rate, cutting velocity, and depth of cuts (primary and secondary) are taken as control parameters, while the average surface roughness, primary cutting force, and secondary cutting force are taken as response parameters. The experimental data are used to develop an empirical model using Response Surface Methodology (RSM). The developed RSM model has been experimentally tested and used to generate the response surfaces for parametric studies. Finally, the responses are optimized using D-optimality criteria, and the optimal results are experimentally validated. The result shows that RSM models are well fitted with experimental values with percentage errors of 5.03, 4.77, and 4.87 % for the Fp, Fs, and Ra, respectively. Furthermore, the optimal cutting condition shows significant improvement in the responses, i.e., 4.22, 3.72, and 2.85 % for the Fp, Fs, and Ra, respectively.