bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The use of bagasse in the preparation of fireclay insulating bricks
Authors: Hassan Ali M. , Moselhy H. , Abadir Magdi F. 
Published: August 2018

AbstractAcidic insulating refractory bricks were prepared by mixing kaolin and grog with polystyrene (PS) beads up to 1.5% and bagasse up to 5% (by weight). This latter is a fibrous waste residue from the sugar cane industry. The bricks were dried and fired at 1250°C in a cycle lasting for 16 hours. The bricks were tested for water absorption, porosity, bulk density, cold crushing strength and thermal conductivity at three different temperatures (400, 600, and 800°C). It was concluded that bricks containing 1% PS and 3% bagasse abided by ASTM C155‐97 for C‐30 type insulating refractories with a bulk density of 1.01 g/cm3, a cold crushing strength of 4.08 MPa, and a thermal conductivity of 0.37 W/K/m at 800°C.
Effect of ZrO2on the densification behavior and properties of Indian magnesite
Authors: Ghosh Chandrima , Sinhamahapatra Somnath , Tripathi Himansu Sekhar 
Published: August 2018

AbstractNatural magnesite is the primary source for magnesia‐based refractory materials. India has vast deposits of magnesite in Salem and Almora regions. However, due to the presence of large amount of impurities which forms low‐melting compounds at elevated temperature, its high‐temperature application is restricted. Raw magnesite was evaluated in terms of chemical analysis, differential thermal analysis, thermogravimetric analysis, and phase assemblage. Zirconia (1‐5 wt %) was added to Indian natural magnesite of Salem region to minimize the low‐melting phase formation at high temperatures. Samples were sintered in the temperature range of 1550‐1700°C. Sintered samples were characterized in terms of densification, mechanical and thermo‐mechanical properties, phase assemblage, and microstructure. It was found that the addition of zirconia reduced the formation of detrimental phases like monticellite and thereby improved the high‐temperature mechanical properties.
Effect of TiB2 on dynamic response of TiB2‐B4C composites under shock wave loading
Authors: Gao Yubo , Yi Chenhong , Zhang Wei , Deng Yongjun 
Published: August 2018

AbstractA series of plate impact tests were conducted to evaluate the effect of TiB2 on the mechanical performance of the TiB2‐B4C composites under ultra‐high strain rates. The free surface velocity of sample was monitored by the dual‐laser Doppler pin system. The dynamic response and Hugoniot equation of state of the TiB2‐B4C composites were obtained in shock and impact environments. Experimental results showed that the Hugoniot elastic limit (HEL) of the composites was increased from 14.98 to 16.91 GPa with increasing of loading strain rates. The strain‐rate sensitivity of the TiB2‐B4C composites, as well as the pure TiB2, was positive. The HEL of the composites was close to that of the matrix material (B4C), and was little effected by the additional agent (TiB2 phase) at the strain rates higher than 104 s−1. Compared with previous data, a strong relation was showed between the HEL and the wave impedance of the composites under shock wave loading.
Parental work status and children's dietary consumption: Australian evidence
Authors: Alsharairi Naser A. , Somerset Shawn 
Published: August 2018

AbstractThis study investigated associations between parents' work status and the dietary consumption patterns of Australian children, and whether such associations vary by parental education and usage of nonparental childcare. Data from the longitudinal study of Australian children at two waves from ages 2–3 years (n = 4601) to 4–5 years (n = 4381) were analysed. Logistic regression models were used to calculate odds ratios of children consuming (≥1 times/day) fruit and vegetables (FV), high fat foods (HFF), high sugar drinks (HSD), as well as evaluating the incidence of breakfast consumption. This was analysed against the employment status of parents including full‐time, part‐time and unemployed. Children of part‐time employed mothers were more likely to consume breakfast, and less likely to consume HSD compared with children of full‐time employed mothers. Children of part‐time employed fathers were less likely to consume FV and breakfast, and more likely to consume HSD compared with children of full‐time employed fathers. Children of nonemployed mothers were more likely to consume HFF, whilst those of nonemployed fathers were more likely to consume HSD and less likely to consume breakfast compared with other children. Amongst less‐educated parents, children of unemployed and part‐time employed parents were more likely to consume HFF and HSD and less likely to consume FV and breakfast compared with children of full‐time employed parents. Amongst highly educated parents, children of unemployed and part‐time employed mothers were less likely to consume HSD compared with children of full‐time employed mothers. Children of part‐time employed mothers who used family day care, day care centres and grandparent care were less likely to consume HSD and more likely to consume breakfast compared with children of full‐time employed mothers. Children of part‐time employed fathers and unemployed parents who used day care centres and grandparent care were less likely to consume FV and more likely to consume HFF compared with children of full‐time employed parents. Future studies should pursue a better understanding of the mechanisms for the adverse effects of parental work status on dietary consumption to develop and enhance specific interventions targeting these groups.
Understanding fashion communication between Korean middle‐aged mothers and daughters
Authors: Park Soozin , Choi Yun Jung , Lee Yuri 
Published: August 2018

AbstractDaughters can be considered important social role models for middle‐aged mothers in fashion communication such as the clothing purchase or conformity. This study explores antecedents (trust in daughters as fashion informants and internalized social pressure for appearance management) and outcomes (solidarity between mother and daughter, psychological well‐being of mother) of fashion communication (mother–daughter shopping, clothing conformity) between middle‐aged mothers and daughters. The data were collected using a self‐administered online survey of 307 middle‐aged Korean women between ages of 45 and 65. The result shows that mothers’ trust in daughters as fashion informants and internalized social pressure for appearance positively influence mother–daughter shopping and mothers’ clothing conformity to daughters. Next, mother–daughter shopping and mothers’ clothing conformity have a positive influence on the solidarity of mothers and daughters. When solidarity becomes stronger, the degree of the mothers’ psychological well‐being increases.
Assessing perioperative, functional and oncological outcomes of patients with imperative versus elective indications for robot‐assisted partial nephrectomy: Results from a high‐volume center
Authors: Heinze Alexander , Larcher Alessandro , Umari Paolo , Fossati Nicola , Piccolo Joey , De Groote Ruben , Goossens Marijn , De Coninck Vincent , De Naeyer Geert , Mottrie Alexandre 
Published: August 2018

ObjectiveTo determine the impact of imperative or elective indications on the perioperative, functional and oncological outcomes of patients undergoing robot‐assisted partial nephrectomy.MethodsBetween June 2006 and September 2016, data of patients who underwent robot‐assisted partial nephrectomy at the Onze‐Lieve‐Vrouwziekenhuis Hospital in Aalst, Belgium, were retrospectively reviewed from a prospectively collected database. Only patients with non‐metastatic, clinical T1–T2 graded tumors were included. Perioperative, functional and oncological outcomes were recollected. A comparative analysis was carried out after dividing patients into two groups: those who underwent robot‐assisted partial nephrectomy for an elective indication (group 1, n = 194), and for an imperative indication (group 2, n = 57) caused by a solitary kidney (n = 20), impaired renal function (n = 2) or both (n = 35).ResultsPatients in group 2 were older (74 vs 71 years, P < 0.001), and had a higher Charlson Comorbidity Index (P < 0.001) and American Society of Anesthesiologists score (P < 0.001). No differences were observed concerning laterality, sex, preoperative aspects and dimensions used for an anatomical score or clinical stage. Surgical outcomes considering estimated blood loss, surgical time, ischemia time and transfusion rate showed no significant difference between groups. The complication rate according to Clavien–Dindo showed no difference between groups (P = 0.6). No difference was found between groups with regard to percentage decrease of estimated glomerular filtration rate (7.4 vs 4.8%, P < 0.15).ConclusionsRobot‐assisted partial nephrectomy can be safely and effectively carried out by experienced surgeons in a high‐volume center with similar perioperative, functional and oncological outcomes for both elective or imperative indications.
Effectiveness of corticosteroid compared with non‐corticosteroid therapy for the treatment of drug‐induced acute interstitial nephritis: a systematic review
Authors: Quinto Lena R. , Sukkar Louisa , Gallagher Martin 
Published: August 2018

AbstractCorticosteroids may hasten recovery in drug‐induced acute interstitial nephritis (DI‐AIN). However, there is no consensus regarding the effectiveness of corticosteroid compared with non‐corticosteroid therapy. We conducted a systematic review of the literature according to Preferred Reporting in Systematic Reviews and Meta‐Analysis (PRISMA) guidelines using MEDLINE, EMBASE, CINAHL, Scopus and Web of Science from inception until November 2017 using predefined search terms. Studies that compared the effects of corticosteroid therapy versus non‐corticosteroid therapy in the treatment of DI‐AIN were included. Outcomes were change in serum creatinine, adverse drug reactions, need for renal replacement therapy (RRT) and death. Due to considerable heterogeneity, a meta‐analysis was not performed. There were no randomised controlled trials. Eight retrospective studies met inclusion criteria, with 430 patients (300 received and 130 did not receive corticosteroid therapy) and a median age of 57 (range 29–75) and 58 (22–76) years respectively. When treatment details were reported, prednisone was commenced at 40–60 mg daily in five studies, and two studies commenced intravenous methylprednisolone 1 mg/kg with a treatment duration of 1.5–12 weeks. Non‐corticosteroid therapy was poorly defined across all studies. Four studies showed no difference in serum creatinine between corticosteroid and comparator arms, while four studies found a benefit. Adverse drug reactions, need for RRT and deaths were infrequently reported. Risk of bias was high across all domains. The limited evidence does not support the use of corticosteroids in the treatment of DI‐AIN. Larger, well‐designed trials are needed to help guide clinical management of this condition.
Managing hypogammaglobulinaemia secondary to haematological malignancies in Australia and New Zealand: a clinician survey
Authors: Wong Jonathan , Wood Erica M. , Crispin Philip , Weinkove Robert , McQuilten Zoe K. ,   on behalf of the Australasian Leukaemia and Lymphoma Group (ALLG) Supportive Care Group
Published: August 2018

AbstractBackgroundAcquired hypogammaglobulinaemia secondary to haematological malignancies is associated with increased infection risk. Immunoglobulin (Ig) replacement reduces major infections but not mortality, and is costly. No prospective randomised trials have compared Ig replacement with prophylactic antibiotics.AimsTo identify variation in current practice regarding management of secondary hypogammaglobulinaemia in Australia and New Zealand, to identify barriers to best practice, and to inform the development of a clinical trial assessing antibiotic prophylaxis in secondary hypogammaglobulinaemia.MethodsWe conducted an online survey of current clinical practice regarding management of secondary hypogammaglobulinaemia among haematologists in Australia and New Zealand.ResultsSeventy‐two haematologists responded; 89% of whom reported commencing Ig replacement for secondary hypogammaglobulinaemia in the setting of recurrent or severe infection. Most monitored trough immunoglobulin G levels, most often 3 monthly. Criteria for stopping Ig replacement varied. Most respondents recommended influenza and pneumococcal vaccination, while only 21% reported using antibiotic prophylaxis. Few respondents (3%) reported prescribing prophylactic antibiotics before commencing Ig replacement. Most reported an interest in recruiting patients to a clinical trial comparing Ig replacement with prophylactic antibiotics.ConclusionIn comparison to limited international data, this survey finds variation in practice, which may be due to differences in local policies governing access to Ig. These findings highlight the need for research into the indications for Ig commencement and cessation, and will inform design of prospective trials of infection prevention in secondary hypogammaglobulinaemia.
Interleukin‐17‐producing γδ T (γδ17) cells in inflammatory diseases
Authors: Akitsu Aoi , Iwakura Yoichiro 
Published: August 2018

SummaryInterleukin‐17 (IL‐17) is a pro‐inflammatory cytokine and is involved in the development of many diseases. Recent studies have revealed that IL‐17‐producing γδ T cells (γδ17 cells) in addition to IL‐17‐producing CD4+ T cells [T helper type 17 (Th17) cells] are often the main producers of IL‐17 in mouse models of inflammatory diseases. γδ T cells are functionally committed during intra‐thymic differentiation. γδ thymocytes capable of producing IL‐17, which express the transcription factor retinoic‐acid‐receptor‐related orphan receptor γt and the signature cytokine receptor IL‐23R, leave the thymus, and produce IL‐17 rapidly by the stimulation with IL‐1β and IL‐23 in the periphery. Therefore, γδ17 cells play important roles in the early phase of host defence against pathogens and in inflammatory diseases. γδ T cells that can produce IL‐17 are also increased in the skin of patients with psoriasis and in peripheral blood of patients with ankylosing sclerosis. Indeed, the therapy targeting IL‐17 has been approved or is in clinical trials, and proved to be very efficient to treat psoriasis, psoriatic arthritis and ankylosing sclerosis. In this review, we discuss recent knowledge about the pathophysiological function of γδ17 cells in infection and inflammatory diseases and therapeutic advances targeting IL‐17.
MicroRNA‐mediated regulation of T helper type 17/regulatory T‐cell balance in autoimmune disease
Authors: Liu Cuilian , Yang Haoran , Shi Weiyun , Wang Ting , Ruan Qingguo 
Published: August 2018

SummaryT helper type 17 (Th17) cells and regulatory T (Treg) cells are two distinct T‐cell subsets with opposite effects on immune functions. While Th17 cells are a key effector in the immune response and play critical roles in the development of autoimmunity and inflammation, Treg cells orchestrate the overall immune response and maintain peripheral immune tolerance by regulating the activity of the effector T cells. However, the developmental pathways for Th17 and Treg cells are reciprocally interconnected and there is a significant amount of plasticity between them. Disturbed Th17/Treg balance contributes to the development of autoimmune diseases, like experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis and multiple sclerosis. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are small non‐coding RNA molecules that post‐transcriptionally regulate gene expression. Recently, emerging evidence demonstrates that miRNAs play an important role in regulating the pathogenesis of autoimmune diseases through the modulation of Th17/Treg balance. This review will provide an overview of the dysregulated miRNAs and their functions in modulating the Th17/Treg balance in autoimmune diseases.
Combining e‐mental health intervention development with human computer interaction (HCI) design to enhance technology‐facilitated recovery for people with depression and/or anxiety conditions: An integrative literature review
Authors: Søgaard Neilsen Amalie , Wilson Rhonda L. 
Published: August 2018

AbstractComputer scientists contend that understanding human computer interaction (HCI) is an important factor in developing successful computer user experiences. Mental health professionals across a range of disciplines are increasingly developing and implementing Internet‐based treatments for people with a variety of mental health conditions. Many therapeutic and economic benefits are associated with technology‐enabled treatments for a range of mental health disorders. Despite this, the role of HCI and associated design elements remains poorly understood in regard to the impact on patient safety, effectiveness, and to adherence of treatment for computer users who engage with e‐mental health interventions. An integrative literature review was conducted to investigate how adequately HCI and user‐centred design is incorporated in the development of e‐mental health interventions for depression and anxiety, and subsequently reported in literature to inform evidence‐based practice. The PRISMA model was used to locate, select, and include 30 relevant articles. The main finding of this review is that Internet‐based e‐mental health interventions are routinely implemented without sufficiently describing the relevant HCI design features applied. This is a limitation that in turn jeopardizes the assessment validity of e‐mental interventions generally, leaving those who administer the interventions with incomplete evidence to support the safe, reliable, dependable, credible, and trustworthy implementation of the interventions. The recommendation arising from this review is that human computer interaction should be carefully considered when mental health nurses and other practitioners adopt e‐mental health interventions for therapeutic purposes to assure the quality and safety of e‐mental health interventions on offer to patients.
Put Your Money Where Your Mouth Is: A Model of Certification with Informed Finance
Authors: Wang Tianxi 
Published: August 2018

AbstractWe consider how funding from informed investors such as banks certifies the quality of the recipient firms to investors uninformed of it. We show that informed finance leads to full separation of firms’ quality types, with a larger quantity of it certifying a better quality. Moreover, the increase in the market value of the recipient firm is a convex, increasing function of the quantity of informed finance that it obtains. Lastly, firms with attribute X derive a greater value from the certification service of informed finance than those without it if the distribution of firms’ quality conditional on X is second‐order stochastically dominated by that conditional on its absence. The informed finance could be commercial bank loans or the purchase of a firm's equity preceding its IPO by renowned investment banks.
How do development actors do “ICT for development”? A strategy‐as‐practice perspective on emerging practices in Ghanaian agriculture
Authors: Karanasios Stan , Slavova Mira 
Published: August 2018

AbstractThis paper examines how development actors within the Ghanaian agricultural sector enact information and communication technology (ICT) in their day‐to‐day outreach practices with smallholder farmers. We draw on an in‐depth qualitative case study, informed by the theoretical perspective of “strategy‐as‐practice” to answer the research question: “what ICT‐mediated strategic practices are used by development actors in the Ghanaian agriculture sector?” The research findings reveal that (1) the activities of development actors are meshed within a network of interdependencies; (2) the enacted strategic practices reflect the trade‐off between novelty of content and novelty of the technologies used to deliver it; and lastly, (3) the praxis of development actors for doing ICT for development consists of hybrid strategies, combining bottom‐up approaches consistent with farmers' indigenous smallholder logic, with top‐down imperatives framing agriculture “as a business” and nurturing value‐chain integration. Consequently, our research points to the impact of ICT initiatives as step‐wise and attained over the long term, rather than disruptive and attained in the immediate term.
Mixed and misunderstandings: An exploration of the meaning of racism with maternal, child, and family health nurses in South Australia
Authors: Grant Julian , Guerin Pauline B. 
Published: August 2018

AbstractAimsThe aim of this study was to explore child and family health nurses’ (CaFHNs) understanding of racism.BackgroundDespite a growing literature examining racism in health care, few studies have explored health professionals’ understanding of racism and how they manage it in practice.DesignA qualitative descriptive design was employed.MethodsFive focus group discussions were held from January–June 2013 with 31 maternal, CaFHNs working across metropolitan South Australia. Data were analysed using thematic analysis with discourse analytic techniques.FindingsFocus group discussions identified three major themes: the relationship between racism and children's health care; perception of racist health system structures that have an impact on choice and relationship building; and the need for professionals to manage the tensions arising in everyday healthcare practice.ConclusionsLimited understandings of individual, structural, and ideological racism and racist practice were found. These were underpinned by discourses of multiculturalism and individualism within a framework of democratic racism. There is urgent need for nursing practice and pedagogy to centralize race and racialization to address inequities in health care.
A cancer specific middle‐range theory of symptom self‐care management: A theory synthesis
Authors: Baydoun Mohamad , Barton Debra L. , Arslanian‐Engoren Cynthia 
Published: August 2018

AbstractAimThis article describes the development of a middle‐range theory of symptom self‐care management for adults with cancer.BackgroundCurrent evidence indicates that people with cancer may benefit from engagement in self‐care management behaviours, one of which is symptom management. A middle‐range theory that explains and guides symptom self‐care management in people with cancer is lacking.DesignThis paper combines and expands prior work related to symptom management and self‐care management to introduce a newly synthesized theory of symptom self‐care management for adult people with cancer. Walker and Avant's methodological approach was used to guide this theory synthesis.Data sourcesPubMed, CINAHL, and Cochrane Library databases of peer reviewed journal articles published before 15 March 2018.Implications for NursingThe newly synthesized theory conceptualizes cancer as a chronic illness with related symptoms that persist beyond the acute phase of treatment. This theory sheds the light on self‐care management as an essential approach to managing cancer‐related symptoms and underscores the importance of empowering and enabling people with cancer to manage their symptoms in partnership with healthcare providers.ConclusionThe new theory offers a comprehensive conceptualization of symptom self‐care management behaviours in adults with cancer. It clarifies potential determinants and effects of cancer‐related symptoms and puts forth factors that may influence patient adherence to symptom self‐care management behaviours. This new theory may influence the development of symptom management interventions across the phases of the cancer self‐care continuum. Research to test the new theory is warranted.