bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Suicidality Disparities Between Transgender and Cisgender Adolescents
Authors: Thoma Brian C. , Salk Rachel H. , Choukas-Bradley Sophia , Goldstein Tina R. , Levine Michele D. , Marshal Michael P. 
Published: October 2019

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES:
Emerging evidence indicates transgender adolescents (TGAs) exhibit elevated rates of suicidal ideation and attempt compared with cisgender adolescents (CGAs). Less is known about risk among subgroups of TGAs because of limited measures of gender identity in previous studies. We examined disparities in suicidality across the full spectrum of suicidality between TGAs and CGAs and examined risk for suicidality within TGA subgroups.

METHODS:
Adolescents aged 14 to 18 completed a cross-sectional online survey (N = 2020, including 1148 TGAs). Participants reported gender assigned at birth and current gender identity (categorized as cisgender males, cisgender females, transgender males, transgender females, nonbinary adolescents assigned female at birth, nonbinary adolescents assigned male at birth, and questioning gender identity). Lifetime suicidality (passive death wish, suicidal ideation, suicide plan, suicide attempt, and attempt requiring medical care) and nonsuicidal self-injury were assessed.

RESULTS:
Aggregated into 1 group, TGAs had higher odds of all outcomes as compared with CGAs. Within TGA subgroups, transgender males and transgender females had higher odds of suicidal ideation and attempt than CGA groups.

CONCLUSIONS:
In this study, we used comprehensive measures of gender assigned at birth and current gender identity within a large nationwide survey of adolescents in the United States to examine suicidality among TGAs and CGAs. TGAs had higher odds of all suicidality outcomes, and transgender males and transgender females had high risk for suicidal ideation and attempt. Authors of future adolescent suicidality research must assess both gender assigned at birth and current gender identity to accurately identify and categorize TGAs.
MANAKAH PRIORITAS SEKTOR PENGEMBANGAN WAKAF DI INDONESIA?
Authors: RUSYDIANA AAM SLAMET , SUDANA SUDANA , MARLINA LINA 
Published: October 2019

In order to create a comprehensive policy, waqf institutions should determine the view of waqif [someone who takes waqf] related to which sector should be the priority of Indonesian waqf development in the future. This research would determine the preference of waqif related to the Indonesian waqf development in the future. This research used Analytic Network Process (ANP) method which was developed by Thomas L. Saaty to identify priority rank of waqf development. Based on the analysis result, it could be seen that the most prioritize of Indonesian waqf development was on the education sector. Waqif tended to trust waqf institution which have been actively involved in the education sector. It showed that education sector was the most important sector in Indonesia. Beside education, the second important ranked sector was the health sector. Beside waqf development sector, analysis result found that priority of Indonesian development waqf was more to the cash waqf. It showed that the cash waqf was viewed to be more important to be developed in Indonesia because the waqf property was liquid (in cash money).
Monomorphisms in categories of firm acts
Authors: Laan Valdis , Reimaa Ülo 
Published: October 2019

Abstract
We prove that in the category of firm acts over a firm semigroup monomorphisms co-incide with regular monomorphisms and we give an example of a non-injective monomorphism in this category. We also study conditions under which monomorphisms are injective and we prove that the lattice of subobjects of a firm act over a firm semigroup is isomorphic to the lattice unitary subacts of that act.
Self-directed Motion in Spontaneous and Translated English: A Comparable Corpora Study
Authors: Darriba Patricia Gonzalez 
Published: October 2019

AbstractThis paper tests Tirkkonen-Condit's (2004) Unique Item (UI) Hypothesis, which claims that UI are under-represented in translated texts and, on the other hand, Baker's (1993) Simplification Hypothesis and Halverson's (2003) Gravitational Pull Hypothesis, which predict over-representation of UI in translated texts. These hypotheses are contrasted by comparing the presence of English self-directed motion in English texts translated from Spanish from the Translational English Corpus (TEC, Baker 2003) and texts spontaneously produced in English from the Corpus of Contemporary American English (COCA, Davies 2008). Self-directed motion expressions are employed because of their linguistic divergences in English and Spanish. Twenty-eight English manner-of-motion verbs and eight English path-denoting satellites were selected to compare the number of self-directed motion expressions in the TEC and the COCA. This study yielded a total of 41,852 tokens from both corpora, that is, 209.2 expressions per million words in the TEC and 395.5 expressions per million words in the COCA. An independent samples t-test revealed that the number of expressions is significantly higher in the COCA (M= 3.32) than in the TEC (M= 1.76). A two-way ANOVA revealed significant main effects forCorpusandLexical Frequency, but noCorpus*Lexical Frequencyinteraction effect was found. These results support Tirkkonen-Condit's UI Hypothesis and confirm that non-translated English is significantly richer in self-directed motion expressions than translated (from Spanish) English.
Lenvatinib in Management of Solid Tumors
Authors: Hao Zhonglin , Wang Peng 
Published: October 2019

Abstract

Lenvatinib is a type I tyrosine kinase inhibitor exhibiting powerful antiangiogenic activity in cancer therapy. Displaying activity in multiple solid tumors, it has been approved in differentiated thyroid cancer, hepatocellular carcinoma, and renal cell carcinoma as single agent or in combination. In addition, lenvatinib has shown promise in several other tumor types including medullary, anaplastic thyroid, adenoid cystic, and endometrial cancer. Exploring synergy between angiogenic and immune checkpoint inhibitors, the lenvatinib/pembrolizumab combination is poised to become the next pair of active drugs in endometrial, lung, and gastrointestinal malignancies. Despite robust activity, the drug can be difficult to tolerate. Optimization of dose and biomarkers for prediction of efficacy and toxicities will be of great help.
Lymph Node Imaging in Patients with Primary Breast Cancer: Concurrent Diagnostic Tools
Authors: Marino Maria Adele , Avendano Daly , Zapata Pedro , Riedl Christopher C. , Pinker Katja 
Published: October 2019

Abstract

The detection of lymph node metastasis affects the management of patients with primary breast cancer significantly in terms of staging, treatment, and prognosis. The main goal for the radiologist is to determine and detect the presence of metastatic disease in nonpalpable axillary lymph nodes with a positive predictive value that is high enough to initially select patients for upfront axillary lymph node dissection. Features that are suggestive of axillary adenopathy may be seen with different imaging modalities, but ultrasound is the method of choice for evaluating axillary lymph nodes and for performing image-guided lymph node interventions. This review aims to provide a comprehensive overview of the available imaging modalities for lymph node assessment in patients diagnosed with primary breast cancer.
Salvage Treatment Option for Metastatic Colorectal Cancer:Regorafenib
Authors: YESİL CİNKİR Havva 
Published: October 2019

Introduction: Colorectal
cancer (CRC) is an important cause of
cancer-related deaths. The aim of this study was to
evaluate the efficacy and toxicity profile of regorafenib treatment in metastatic
CRC patients.Methods: This was a
retrospective study of 25 mCRC patients from a single center. All patients had
previously progressed fluorouracil, irinotecan, and oxaliplatin with or without
biologic agents such as epidermal growth factor receptör (anti-EGFR) or
vascular endothelial growth factor receptor (anti-VEGF).Results: The median age
was 58 years
(range, 27 to 84 years), and there were 14 males and 11 females. Patients had received a median of 3 lines of systemic
therapy before regorafenib initiation. The most common grade 3 or 4
toxicities were fatigue 20%, daire 16% and mucositis 16%. Median PFS was 2.07
months (0.43-5.13) and median OS was 4.14 months (0.62-19.88). No factors were
significantly associated with PFS and OS
in the univariate analysis.

Conclusion: Regorafenib shows a small but significant
survival benefit in patients with metastatic CRC who do not have any further
treatment options after the failure over standard therapies. Its toxicity
profile along with the absence of predictive factors suggest a careful
evaluation before its use in clinical practice
Assessment of Mental Workload, Workability and Musculoskeletal Disorders of Firefighters
Authors: Saremi Mahnaz , Fallah Madvari2 Rohollah , Laal Fereydoon , Noorizadeh Najaf , Rahimi Ebrahim 
Published: October 2019

Introduction: Firefighting is one of the occupations that requires high physical and aerobic power due to the nature of the job and the physical demands of this profession. Therefore, the present study aimed to investigate the relationship among Workability index (WAI), mental workload, musculoskeletal disorders (MSDs) and their effective factors in firefighters.
Methods: This study was a cross-sectional study, which was carried out on 250 firefighters in Tehran. Data were collected using WAI, NASA-TLX and Body Discomfort Chart (BDC). Data analysis was carried out using descriptive statistics, linear regression, Pearson correlation, and Spearman tests.
Results: The total mental load was 70.07 ± 6.58. Also, the mean (standard deviation) of the total WAI score was 38.85 (1.17). Physical workload dimension had the highest value among mental workload dimensions (93.49±8.93). The results showed that WAI is increased by 0.14 by augmentation of one unit at the academic level of firefighters (p = 0.03). The most common discomfort was reported in the lower (50 people (20%)) and upper (42 people (16.8%)) regions of the back. The total WAI relationship with total mental workload was positive and insignificant (p>0.05). There was a significant and reverse association between WAI and discomfort in the wrist, leg, and ankle.
Conclusion: Despite the low rate of MSDs, even mild symptoms of musculoskeletal pain should be considered. Given the high level of mental workload, improving physical, psychosocial and social working conditions is important in increasing the ability of employees and augmenting the ability of their occupational activity.
Factors Influencing Skin Cancer Preventive Behaviors Based on the Extended Parallel Process Model in Yazd University of Medical Sciences Students, 2017
Authors: Mazloomy Mahmoodabad Seyed Saeed , Gerayllo Sakineh , Mizani Nafise 
Published: October 2019

Background: Skin cancer is one of the most common cancers that is mostly caused by ultraviolet radiation. The aim of this study was to investigate the factors affecting skin cancer preventive behaviors in medical sciences students based on the extended parallel process model that is responsible for the future health of the community.
Methods: This descriptive cross-sectional study was carried out among 150 students who were selected by the simple random sampling method in Yazd in 2017. The data were collected by translating the questionnaire based on the extended parallel process model. The data were analyzed by SPSS-18 software and descriptive tests and non-parametric Mann-Whitney, Kruskal-Wallis tests, Spearman correlation and linear regression at a significance level of 0.05.
Results: The mean age of participants was 22.01 ± 5.24, more than half of whom (57.3%) used sunscreen as a self-protective behavior against the sunlight. The perceived severity construct had the highest score among the constructs (79.53) and preventive behaviors score (61.7). Among the demographic variables, gender had a significant statistical difference with the constructs of fear and behavioral intention, and preventive behaviors and economic status variable in the perceived response efficacy construct. Among the model constructs, the behavioral intention was the strongest behavioral predictor of skin cancer prevention (p< 0.000,β =0.589).
Conclusion: In view of the findings, it seems necessary to increase protective behaviors against sunlight and skin cancer prevention by removing existing barriers including cultural issues. Also, recurrent training can be effective in promoting behavioral intention of student in preventing skin cancer.
Hydrocarbon-Phase Behaviors in Shale Nanopore/Fracture Model: Multiscale, Multicomponent, and Multiphase
Authors: Zhao Yinuo , Jin Zhehui 
Published: October 2019

Summary
Hydrocarbon recovery from shale subformations has greatly contributed to the global energy supply and has been constantly reshaping the energy sector. Oil production from shale is a complex process in which multicomponent–fluid mixtures experience multiphase transitions in multiscale volumes (i.e., nanoscale pores are connected to fractures/macropores). Understanding such complicated phenomena plays a critical role in the estimation of ultimate oil recovery, well productivity, and reserves estimation, and ultimately in policy making. In this work, we use density–functional theory (DFT) to explicitly consider fluid/surface interactions, inhomogeneous–density distributions in nanopores, volume partitioning in nanopores, and connected macropores/natural fractures to study the complex multiphase transitions of multicomponent fluids in multiscale volumes. We found that vapor–like and liquid–like phases can coexist in nanopores when pressure is between the bubblepoint and dewpoint pressures of nanoconfined fluids, both of which are much lower than those of the originally injected hydrocarbon mixtures. As the volume ratio of the bulk at the initial condition to pores decreases, both the bubblepoint and the dewpoint in nanopores increase and the pore two–phase region expands. Within the pore two–phase region, both C1 and C3 are released from the nanopores to the bulk phase as pressure declines. Meanwhile, both liquid and vapor phases become denser as pressure drops. By further decreasing pressure below the dewpoint of confined fluids, C3 in the nanopore can be recovered. Throughout the process, the bulk–phase composition varies, which is in line with the field observation. Collectively, this work captures the coupled complexity of multicomponent and multiphase fluids in multiscale geometries that is inherent to shale reservoirs and provides a theoretical foundation for reservoir simulation, which is significant for the accurate prediction of well productivity and ultimate oil recovery in shale reservoirs.
Etiological profile and clinical characteristics of segmental/lobar pattern pneumonia in hospitalized children
Authors: Yanxia Wang , Liji Ma , Ying Li , Li Yuyun , Zheng Yanfei , Zhang Xiaoyue 
Published: October 2019

Abstract
The occurrence of segmental/lobar pattern pneumonia in children increases with years recently. The pathogens of the disease may change for the abuse of antibiotics and the application of pneumococal vaccines. The pathogens of segmental/lobar pattern pneumonia in hospitalized children and their association with clinical characteristics are poorly understood nowadays. The current study retrospectively analyzed the pathogens and clinical characteristics of segmental/lobar pattern pneumonia in children at a single hospital between 1 st Jan 2014 and 31 st Dec 2018. The pathogens and their associations with clinical characteristics were statistically analyzed. A total of 593 children with segmental/lobar pattern pneumonia received treatment at a single hospital during the study period. 451 patients were positive for one pathogen and 83 patients were positive for two pathogens or more. Mycoplasma pneumoniae (M.pneumoniae) (72.34%) was the most commonly detected pathogen, followed by streptococcus pneumoniae (S.pneumoniae) (8.77%). The infection of M.pneumoniae in children with segmental/lobar pattern pneumonia increased with years (p<0.05). The positive rate of M.pneumoniae increased with ages of patients (p<0.05). M.pneumoniae was statistically associated to the extrapulmonary manifestations while S.pneumoniae was statistically associated with abnormal WBCs and CRPs (p<0.05). In a summary, M.pneumoniae was the most positive pathogen of segmental/lobar pattern pneumonia in hospitalized children. The positive rate of M.pneumoniae in children with segmental/lobar pattern pneumonia increased with years and the ages of children. M.pneumoniae was associated with extrapulmonary manifestations while S.pneumoniae was associated with abnormal WBCs and CRPs.
New Insights into cytotoxic metabolites produced by Streptomyces griseus isolate KJ623766: Large scale production, structure elucidation and biological activities
Authors: Zaid Ahmed S. Abu , Aleissawy Ahmed E. , Aboshanab Khaled , Yassien Mahmoud A. , Hassouna Nadia A. 
Published: October 2019

Abstract
Natural products particularly microbial metabolites have been the mainstay of cancer chemotherapy and are likely to provide many of the lead structures and derivatives with new biological activities. In this research, the production of some potential cytotoxic metabolites from Streptomyces (S.) griseus isolate KJ623766 was carried out in 1 4 L laboratory fermenter under specified optimum conditions (28°C temperature, 200 RPM rotation speed, uncontrolled PH, 3 vvm aeration and 2 bar airflow pressure). Using 3-(4,5-dimethylthazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyl tetrazolium-bromide (MTT) assay, the cytotoxic activity of the ethyl acetate (1:1, v/v) extract of cell free culture supernatant (CFCS) against Caco2 and Hela cancer cell lines was determined with CD 50 of 14 µg/ml and 20 µg/ml, respectively. Bioassay guided fractionation of the ethyl acetate extract using different chromatographic techniques had led to the purification of the cytotoxic metabolites coded W1, R1 and R2 with reproducible amounts of 20, 5, and 1.5 mg/l, respectively. The structures of respective metabolites were determined using various spectroscopic analysis and identified as genistein, β-rhodomycinone and γ- rhodomycinone, respectively. Accordingly, S. griseus isolate KJ623766 can be used as a potential industrial strain for the large scale production of the isoflavonoid genistein, as well as for the production of β-and γ- rhodomycinone to be used for the construction of new derivatives with more potent cytotoxic activities of the anthracycline family. This is the first report about the production of the isoflavonoid genistein by S. griseus KJ623766.
Evaluation of the application of Clinical Pathways in therapy of Cerebral infarction Patients in China Using the Hospital Database: a Real-world Study
Authors: Wang Bin , Xin Ling , Di Chen , Kong Tao , Zhou Hongwi , Qi Xie 
Published: October 2019

Abstract
BACKGROUND A real-world study was performed to evaluate the application of clinical pathways (CP) in treatment of cerebral infarction patients compared with normal medical care. The benefit of clinical pathways application was evaluated by assessing the length of in-hospital stay (LOS) and hospitalization costs in treatment of cerebral infarction patients.METHODS Data were derived from our hospital database. We enrolled all patients who underwent stroke treatment (International Classification of Diseases, 10th rev. ed., Clinical Modification [ICD- 10-CM] procedure I63.90) between June 1, 2015 and May 31, 2016. The criteria within this evaluation included the average LOS and costs (hospitalization, drugs, laboratory and radiology). Student’s t-test and nonparametric Wilcoxon’s rank-sum test were performed and statistical significance was set as 0.05. Results were presented as mean ± SE.
Predictors of Ischemic Events Secondary to Cervicocerebral Artery Dissection
Authors: Cheng Wenchao , Wang Yuhan , Lian Yajun , Zheng Yake , Shi Yinping , Wu Shouyi , Huang Zhi 
Published: October 2019

Abstract
Objective : To identify the predictors of ischemic events secondary to cervicocerebral artery dissection (CAD).
Methods : Consecutive patients with cervicocerebral artery dissection from 2010 to 2017 were registered as study subjects, who were classified as patients with and without ischemic events. Clinical data were collected prospectively, such as demographics, vascular risk factors, headache and neck pain, dissection site and laboratory test. A case-control study was performed to compare the clinical data between two groups.
Results : A total of 130 patients with cervicocerebral artery dissection were included, in which 70.0% (91/130) suffered from ischemic events, including 81 ischemic strokes and 10 transient ischemic attacks. There were 46.2% (42/91) and 25.6% (10/39) of the artery dissections located in the anterior circulation in the CAD patients with and without ischemic events respectively ( p =0.029). The average level of HDL was (1.14±0.38) mmol/L in the CAD patients with ischemic events, and (1.28±0.48) mmol/L in the CAD patients without ischemic events ( p =0.083). Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that there was a positive correlation between anterior circulation and ischemic events (OR=3.204, 95% CI 1.305-7.863, p =0.011) and HDL level was negatively correlated with ischemic events (OR=0.335, 95% CI 0.130-0.867, p =0.024) in CAD patients.
Conclusion : Ischemic events are common complications of cerebrovascular disease in CAD patients, especially for those with an artery dissection located in the anterior circulation and low serum HDL level.
Key Word : cervicocerebral artery dissection, ischemic event, HDL, anterior circulation, predictor
Selective Activation of Chloroplast psbD Light-Responsive Promoter and psaA/B Promoter in Transplastomic Tobacco Plants Overexpressing Arabidopsis Sigma Factor AtSIG5
Authors: Nozoe Mikio , Tsunoyama Yuichi , Ishizaki Yoko , Nakahira Yoichi , Shiina Takashi 
Published: October 2019

Background:
Plastid-encoded eubacterial-type RNA polymerase (PEP) plays a critical
role in the transcription of photosynthesis genes in chloroplasts. Notably, some of the reaction
center genes, including psaA, psaB, psbA, and psbD genes, are differentially transcribed by PEP in
mature chloroplasts. However, the molecular mechanism of promoter selection in the reaction
center gene transcription by PEP is not well understood.

Objective:
Sigma factor proteins direct promoter selection by a core PEP in chloroplasts as well as
bacteria. AtSIG5 is a unique chloroplast sigma factor essential for psbD light-responsive promoter
(psbD LRP) activity. To analyze the role of AtSIG5 in chloroplast transcription in more detail, we
assessed the effect of AtSIG5 hyper-expression on the transcription of plastid-encoded genes in
chloroplast transgenic plants.

Results:
The chloroplast transgenic tobacco (CpOX-AtSIG5) accumulates AtSIG5 protein at
extremely high levels in chloroplasts. Due to the extremely high-level expression of recombinant
AtSIG5, most PEP holoenzymes are most likely to include the recombinant AtSIG5 in the CpOXAtSIG5
chloroplasts. Thus, we can assess the promoter preference of AtSIG5 in vivo. The
overexpression of AtSIG5 significantly increased the expression of psbD LRP transcripts encoding
PSII reaction center D2 protein and psaA/B operon transcripts encoding PSI core proteins.
Furthermore, run-on transcription analyses revealed that AtSIG5 preferentially recognizes the
psaA/B promoter, as well as the psbD LRP. Moreover, we found that psbD LRP is constitutively
active in CpOX-AtSIG5 plants irrespective of light and dark.

Conclusion:
AtSIG5 probably plays a significant role in differential transcription of reaction center
genes in mature chloroplasts.