bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Experimental and theoretical insights into the adsorption mechanism of methylene blue on the (002) WO3 surface
Authors: Hkiri Khaoula , Mohamed Hamza Elsayed Ahmed , Abodouh Mohamed Mahrous , Maaza Malik 
Published: November 2024

AbstractThis work investigates the efficiency of green-synthesized WO3 nanoflakes for the removal of methylene blue dye. The synthesis of WO3 nanoflakes using Hyphaene thebaica fruit extract results in a material with a specific surface area of 13 m2/g and an average pore size of 19.3 nm. A combined theoretical and experimental study exhibits a complete understanding of the MB adsorption mechanism onto WO3 nanoflakes. Adsorption studies revealed a maximum methylene blue adsorption capacity of 78.14 mg/g. The pseudo-second-order model was the best to describe the adsorption kinetics with a correlation coefficient (R2) of 0.99, suggesting chemisorption. The intra-particle diffusion study supported a two-stage process involving surface adsorption and intra-particle diffusion. Molecular dynamic simulations confirmes the electrostatic attraction mechanism between MB and the (002) WO3 surface, with the most favorable adsorption energy calculated as -0.68 eV. The electrokinetic study confirmed that the WO3 nanoflakes have a strongly negative zeta potential of -31.5 mV and a uniform particle size of around 510 nm. The analysis of adsorption isotherms exhibits a complex adsorption mechanism between WO3 and MB, involving both electrostatic attraction and physical adsorption. The WO3 nanoflakes maintained 90% of their adsorption efficiency after five cycles, according to the reusability tests.
Three diverse motives for information sharing
Authors: Vellani Valentina , Glickman Moshe , Sharot Tali 
Published: November 2024

AbstractKnowledge is distributed over many individuals. Thus, humans are tasked with informing one another for the betterment of all. But as information can alter people’s action, affect and cognition in both positive and negative ways, deciding whether to share information can be a particularly difficult problem. Here, we examine how people integrate potentially conflicting consequences of knowledge, to decide whether to inform others. We show that participants (Exp1: N = 114, Pre-registered replication: N = 102) use their own information-seeking preferences to solve complex information-sharing decisions. In particular, when deciding whether to inform others, participants consider the usefulness of information in directing action, its valence and the receiver’s uncertainty level, and integrate these assessments into a calculation of the value of information that explains information sharing decisions. A cluster analysis revealed that participants were clustered into groups based on the different weights they assign to these three factors. Within individuals, the relative influence of each of these factors was stable across information-seeking and information-sharing decisions. These results suggest that people put themselves in a receiver position to determine whether to inform others and can help predict when people will share information.
Dominant HPAIV H5N1 genotypes of Germany 2021/2022 are linked to high virulence in Pekin ducklings
Authors: Piesche Ronja , Breithaupt Angele , Pohlmann Anne , Ahrens Ann Kathrin , Beer Martin , Harder Timm , Grund Christian 
Published: November 2024

AbstractHighly pathogenic avian influenza viruses (HPAIV) of H5 clade 2.3.4.4b pose an ongoing threat worldwide. It remains unclear whether this panzootic situation would favor low virulent phenotypes expected by the ‘avirulence hypothesis’ of viral evolution. Assessing virulence in Pekin ducklings in an intramuscular infection model revealed that the two genotypes that dominated the epidemiological situation in Germany during the period 2021 and 2022 (EU-RL:CH and EU-RL:AB) were of high virulence. In contrast, rare genotypes were of intermediate virulence. The genetic constellation of these reassortants pointed to an important role of the viral polymerase complex (RdRP), particularly the PB1 genome segment, in shaping virulence in ducklings. Occulo-nasal infection of ducklings confirmed the phenotypes for two representative viruses and indicated a more efficient replication for the high virulence strain. These observations would be in line with the ‘virulence-transmission trade-off’ model for describing HPAIV epidemiology in wild birds in Germany.
Future cities demand smart and equitable infrastructure resilience modeling perspectives
Authors: Padgett J. E. , Rincon R. , Panakkal P. 
Published: November 2024

AbstractRisk-informed decisions that promote infrastructure resilience (or the ability to withstand, recover from, and adapt to stressors like natural hazards) require confident predictions of system performance now and into the future. We propose a perspective shift–one capable of handling uncertain and dynamic conditions, leveraging emerging observations from smart systems, and guided by demands for social equity. This shift requires collective efforts, but our future cities demand and deserve it.
An integrated model of electric bus energy consumption and optimised depot charging
Authors: Hendriks Johannes N. , Sturmberg Björn. C. P. 
Published: November 2024

AbstractThe electrification of buses, and the depots servicing them, is a high priority for sustainability but is hindered by challenges at the intersection of the mobility and electricity systems, such as trade-offs of charging infrastructure and scheduling with the stress placed on the grid. This paper presents a model for studying and co-optimise these variables. The model has two standout features. Firstly, that it integrates a data-driven model for predicting the energy consumption of electric buses based on route details with a bus depot charging optimisation algorithm that minimises the loading on the grid. Secondly, it is compatible with the publicly available route and schedule data published by bus operators and is available open-source for extension. The results foreground the impact of route topology, temperature, and traffic congestion on energy consumption, and the interdependencies of these with timetabling, charging infrastructure and battery designs in driving grid loading.
Predictive model of spatial nematic order in confined cell populations
Authors: Miyazako Hiroki , Tsuchiyama Kohei , Nara Takaaki 
Published: November 2024

AbstractTwo-dimensional tissues made of spindle-shaped cells have many applications in the fields of tissue engineering and biotechnology. The uniformity of the tissues is critically affected by topological defects, which are singular points of cell alignment. For systematic control and analysis of defect distributions, this paper proposes a numerical method to predict and quantify spatial distributions of defects in two-dimensional domains. In the proposed method, spindle-shaped cells are modeled as nematic liquid crystals, whose alignment and Frank elastic energy are explicitly expressed. The equilibrium distributions of the defects can then be calculated using a Markov chain Monte Carlo method. The proposed method was experimentally verified by culturing mouse myoblast (C2C12) cells on microwells. The order of the defect scattering was almost the same as for the proposed estimation method, indicating that the proposed method can be used for the systematic design of topographical guides for controlling defect distributions.
Increasing Motivation Increases Intelligibility Benefits of Perceptual Training in Dysarthria
Authors: Borrie Stephanie A. , Tetzloff Katerina A. , Barrett Tyson S. , Lansford Kaitlin L. 
Published: November 2024

Purpose:
Perceptual training offers a promising, listener-targeted option for improving intelligibility of dysarthric speech. Cognitive resources are required for learning, and theoretical models of listening effort and engagement account for a role of listener motivation in allocation of such resources. Here, we manipulate training instructions to enhance motivation to test the hypothesis that increased motivation increases the intelligibility benefits of perceptual training.

Method:
Across two data collection sites, which differed with respect to many elements of study design including age of speaker with dysarthria, dysarthria type and severity, type of testing and training stimuli, and participant compensation, 84 neurotypical adults were randomly assigned to one of two training instruction conditions: enhanced instructions or standard instructions. Intelligibility, quantified as percent words correct, was measured before and after training.

Results:
Listeners who received the enhanced instructions achieved greater intelligibility improvements from training relative to listeners who received the standard instructions. This result was robust across data collection sites and the many differences in methodology.

Conclusions:
This study provides evidence for the role of motivation in improved understanding of dysarthric speech—increasing motivation increases allocation of cognitive resources to the learning process, resulting in improved mapping of the degraded speech signal. This provides empirical support for theoretical models of listening effort and engagement. Clinically, the results show that a simple addition to the training instructions can elevate learning outcomes.
A PAPR correction scheme for LoRa self‐jamming waveforms
Authors: Demeslay Clément , Gautier Roland , Rostaing Philippe , Digulescu Angela , Despina‐Stoian Cristina , Burel Gilles 
Published: November 2024

AbstractA LoRa self‐jamming scheme that enables secure and covert communications by adding jamming symbols when transmitting is proposed. The scheme has been validated in simulations. The work is continued by evaluating the scheme on real‐world software defined radio (SDR) equipment. Experiments immediately showed that a demodulation is impossible as the received signal is highly distorted. This comes from the fact that adding symbols at transmission actually generates high peak‐to‐average power ratio (PAPR) preventing proper waveform generation by the equipment's hardware. This paper presents a PAPR correction scheme that modifies the waveform. The properties of this modified waveform are analysed and the performances are assessed in simulations with realistic time and frequency synchronization assumption. For the ideal 0 dB PAPR corrected output, the SER performances are close to that of a legacy LoRa communication, while preserving the physical layer security capabilities of the self‐jamming scheme. It is finally shown that our PAPR correction scheme effectively recovers the self‐jamming properties on SDR devices.
Markers of cellulose insulation ageing: Calculation of total methanol quantity in the internal insulation of power transformers
Authors: Darian L.A. , Obraztsov R.M. , Maksimchenko A.V. , Verakso D.E. , Polishchuk V.P. , Logunov V.A. 
Published: November 2024

The methods of calculation of methanol quantity in the internal insulation of power transformers (PT) based on the values of its concentration in transformer oil (TO) are considered. The total methanol quantity formed during the operation of PTs allows estimating the degree of degradation of cellulose insulation. We are considering the models for calculation of the total methanol quantity in PT on the base of:

literature data characterizing the methanol balance in the cellulose-oil system;
data on the reduction of methanol concentration after TO replacement during total overhaul.

The errors analysis on the base of the results of calculations using the models showed that their value can reach 30%. Reduction of errors in the calculation results should be based on a deeper study of the kinetics of methanol sorption processes by cellulose and taking into account the structural features of different types of cellulose insulation in the particular PT.
The considered models can be recommended for estimation of total quantity of any dissolved decomposition products of cellulose insulation in TO, which can become an important indicator of technical condition of PT.
IRM bas champ debout du pied chez le cheval de sport : bilan de deux décennies d’examens
Authors: Ségard-Weisse Émilie , Drumond Bianca , Aurélie Thomas-Cancian , Michael Schramme 
Published: November 2024

L’IRM bas champ debout est désormais couramment utilisée en imagerie orthopédique équine. Les avantages majeurs de cette IRM spécifiquement conçue pour l’extrémité distale des membres du cheval sont sa facilité d’accès, son coût moindre pour le propriétaire par rapport à une IRM haut champ, et l’absence d’anesthésie générale. Ils expliquent l’essor considérable de cette technique d’imagerie au cours des 2 dernières décennies.
L’IRM du pied offre un bilan lésionnel plus complet que l’imagerie conventionnelle, permettant d’affiner le pronostic dans de nombreux cas et de définir le protocole de traitement le plus approprié. Elle donne lieu à un diagnostic plus précoce de la maladie naviculaire dégénérative et a fait son apparition dans certains examens de transaction.
Véritable révolution diagnostique, l’IRM a contribué à un accroissement très important des connaissances de la pathologie du pied du cheval. Ces nouvelles connaissances ont fait évoluer l’interprétation des examens radiographiques et échographiques, permettant d’appréhender mieux leurs limites, mais a!ussi d’affiner l’évaluation de certaines anomalies.
Dynamical theory for adaptive systems
Authors: Pham Tuan Minh , Kaneko Kunihiko 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
The study of adaptive dynamics, involving many degrees of freedom on two separated timescales, one for fast changes of state variables and another for the slow adaptation of parameters controlling the former’s dynamics is crucial for understanding feedback mechanisms underlying evolution and learning. We present a path-integral approach à la Martin–Siggia–Rose-De Dominicis–Janssen to analyse non-equilibrium phase transitions in such dynamical systems. As an illustration, we apply our framework to the adaptation of gene-regulatory networks under a dynamic genotype-phenotype map: phenotypic variations are shaped by the fast stochastic gene-expression dynamics and are coupled to the slowly evolving distribution of genotypes, each encoded by a network structure. We establish that under this map, genotypes corresponding to reciprocal networks of coherent feedback loops are selected within an intermediate range of environmental noise, leading to phenotypic robustness.
Fermionic logarithmic negativity in the Krawtchouk chain
Authors: Blanchet Gabrielle , Parez Gilles , Vinet Luc 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
The entanglement of non-complementary regions is investigated in an inhomogeneous free-fermion chain through the lens of the fermionic logarithmic negativity. Focus is on the Krawtchouk chain, whose relation to the eponymous orthogonal polynomials allows for exact diagonalization and analytical calculations of certain correlation functions. For adjacent regions, the negativity scaling corresponds to that of a conformal field theory with central charge c = 1, in agreement with previous studies on bipartite entanglement in the Krawtchouk chain. For disjoint regions, we focus on the skeletal regime where each region reduces to a single site. This regime is sufficient to extract the leading behaviour at large distances. In the bulk, the negativity decays as

d

−
4

Δ
f

with

Δ
f

=
1

/

2

, where d is the separation between the regions. This is in agreement with the homogeneous result of free Dirac fermions in one dimension. Surprisingly, when one site is close to the boundary, this exponent changes and depends on the parity of the boundary site

m
=
0
,
1
,
2
,
…

, with

Δ
f

even

=
3

/

8

and

Δ
f

odd

=
5

/

8

. The results are supported by numerics and analytical calculations.
Structural Optimization Analysis of Combined Sealing Ring
Authors: Cheng Heming , Chen Xinyuan , Liu Hucheng , Chen Xiaolan 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
In this paper, the effect of the contact forces of the combined sealing ring by the pre-compressibility of the O-ring seal and the working pressure is studied. The influence of the structural parameters (width, thickness and chamfer) of the friction ring on the contact forces of the combined sealing ring is analyzed. The results show that, in the combined seal, it is not that the higher the pre-compressibility, the higher the sealing efficiency. Under certain working conditions, the chamfer of the friction ring increases, the contact forces of the friction ring decreases; the thickness of the friction ring increases, the contact forces of the friction ring is almost unchanged; The contact force increases with the increase of the width of the friction ring. Under the condition of a given medium pressure of 25 MPa and a compressibility of 22.5%, the optimal values of friction rings L, R, and H and three contact forces and contact forces F under the corresponding conditions are calculated by the optimization algorithm.
Study on Shutter Heating Performance of Gas Turbine Intake System
Authors: Zhai Bin , Yang Xing , Yang Fuzheng , Chen Kunyi , Wei Yucheng , Wang Jianhua 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
Aiming at the anti-icing and de-icing requirements of gas turbine intake system, study the heating performance of a typical shutter vane, and compares and analyzes the influence of different ambient temperature and different electrothermal pipe heat generation rate on vane temperature distribution and heat transfer characteristics. The results show that the air convection at different positions on the blade surface of the louver leads to the difference in the temperature distribution of the upper and lower surfaces of the blade, as well as the leading edge and trailing edge of the blade, and the leading edge of the blade, as the area with the lowest overall temperature distribution of the blade, should be focused on in the design of anti-icing and de-icing systems. Increasing the heat production rate of the electric heating tube, there is more heat flow near the midline of the blade, which makes the temperature rise at this position the highest, and it is necessary to pay attention to the energy waste and blade damage caused by local overheating of the blade. Therefore, when the ambient temperature increases from 245.15 K to 318.15 K, the leaf temperature increases from 248.73 K to 322.74 K, and the temperature rise also increases from 3.58 K to 4.59 K. The electrothermal technology can be used to the anti-icing and de-icing of the intake system shutters on the basis of choosing the heat generation rate of the electrothermal tube reasonably.
Influences of Fluorine on Corrosion Behavior of FeCrAl Alloy in Lithiated/borated Water at 360 °C/18.5 MPa
Authors: Jiang Guanyu , Xu Donghai , Liu Huanteng , Zhang Yue , Zhu Xinyuan 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
As an accident-tolerant fuel cladding material, Iron-Chromium-Aluminium (FeCrAl) alloy shows a big potential in replacing zirconium alloy as the cladding tube for pressurized water reactors. The presence of fluorine impurity in the primary coolant of pressurized water reactors will accelerate the corrosion of fuel cladding tubes. However, studies on the influences of fluorine impurity on the service performance of FeCrAl alloy are relatively limited. In this work, corrosion behavior of FeCrAl alloy in fluorine-containing lithiated/borated water at 360 °C and 18.5 MPa was characterized by Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM), Energy Dispersive Spectrometer (EDS), X-ray diffractometer (XRD), and Raman spectroscopy. The results indicate that FeCrAl alloy exhibited relatively good resistance to fluorine attack. Fluorine ions changed the diffusion behavior of alloying element Cr, so facilitating the formation and dissolution of FeCr2O4. Deposition of Ni and B was observed on the alloy surface. The maximum content of B reached 24.20 at.% after fluorine-containing lithiated/borated water exposure while that was 12.50 at.% in the absence of fluorine ions. Despite this, no specific compounds of B were detected in the corrosion products, but Ni existed in the form of NiFe2O4.
Large offshore wind farms have minimal direct impacts on air quality
Authors: Golbazi Maryam , Archer Cristina L 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
Wind power has rapidly grown over the past decade because it is clean, renewable, and abundant. However, wind farms can affect local weather conditions and possibly alter the transport, diffusion, and concentration of air pollutants. Given the unprecedented expansion of offshore wind farms planned along the U.S. East Coast by the Bureau of Ocean Energy Management (BOEM), This study aims to investigate if and how those future wind farms might directly affect air pollution along the U.S. East Coast, in particular the levels of ozone (O3), fine particulate matter (

PM

2.5

), sulfur dioxide (SO2), and nitrogen dioxide (NO2). These pollutants are regulated at the federal and state levels and are harmful to human health. We exclusively study the direct effects of the wind turbines on air pollution (via meteorological changes), rather than investigating the indirect impacts of replacing fossil-fuel power plants with wind farms. We first run a numerical meteorological model, the Weather Research and Forecast (WRF) model, to simulate the meteorology along the U.S. East Coast during the summer of 2018 in two scenarios, with and without the wind farms. Then we use the output of these two sets of simulations from the WRF model as input to the Comprehensive Air Quality Model with extensions to simulate the changes in air quality in the study domain due to the wind farms. On average, we only find a minor increase in

O

3

levels within the wake of the New Jersey WEA. The minor changes to

O

3

can be attributed to the slight temperature increase below the turbine hub height, within the rotor area, as well as a significant decrease in wind velocity in the wake of the turbines and a slight increase in volatile organic compound levels. In addition, we report that the other three pollutants remain unchanged in the presence of wind farms. In summary, the direct impacts on air pollution by the BOEM-planned offshore wind farms are expected to be negligible.
Seasonal evolution modes of tropical sea surface temperature anomalies and their links to antarctic sea ice anomalies
Authors: Yu Lejiang , Zhong Shiyuan , Sun Bo 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
Previous studies have explored the teleconnections between variability of Antarctic sea ice cover and tropical sea surface temperature (SST) across the Pacific, Atlantic, and Indian Ocean basins, typically focusing on each basin individually. However, there has been limited investigation into the impact of tropical SSTs—particularly from a seasonal evolution perspective—on Antarctic sea ice cover. In this study, we employ the self-organizing map method to identify and analyze the primary modes of seasonal SST evolution in the tropical oceans from 1854 to 2022. We also project changes in the frequency of these modes through the 21st century. Moreover, we examine the seasonal variability of Antarctic sea ice concentration in relation to these tropical SST modes over the past four decades. Our results reveal that tropical SST anomalies display both uniform and shifted seasonal evolution patterns. Notably, the frequency of switched modes—namely, transitions from La Niña to El Niño (node 8) and from El Niño to La Niña (node 3)—is expected to increase in future climate. Interestingly, nearly mirrored SST seasonal evolution patterns do not lead to entirely opposite atmospheric circulation anomalies in the southern mid-high latitudes, nor do they result in completely inverse Antarctic sea ice cover anomalies.