bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A low‐complexity architecture using diversity techniques for Internet of Vehicles with enhanced radio‐frequency performance
Authors: Tsai I‐Lin , Chen Yen‐Sheng 
Published: January 2019

AbstractIn this article, we present a new architecture for the Internet of Vehicles (IoVs) that feature reduced system complexity and enhanced radio‐frequency (RF) performance. The proposed system requires no complex coding or selection algorithms, yet it significantly improves the received signal strength. We implement dual‐port antennas comprising a linearly polarized (LP) antenna and a circularly polarized (CP) antenna, which minimize the polarization loss between multipath signals and the receiving antenna. Using Wi‐Fi communications, we designed, fabricated, and examined a prototype system comprising seven circuit modules that employ spatial diversity and revised polarization diversity simultaneously. We test its performance using two antenna combinations with distinct peak gain characteristics. Our results show these antennas have highly desirable impedance matching and radiation properties and enhanced received signal strength compared to conventional techniques. As such, the proposed system can greatly improve signal quality and reliability in non‐line‐of‐sight (NLOS) IoV scenarios.
Simultaneous T1 and T2 measurements using inversion recovery TrueFISP with principle component‐based reconstruction, off‐resonance correction, and multicomponent analysis
Authors: Pfister Julian , Blaimer Martin , Kullmann Walter H. , Bartsch Andreas J. , Jakob Peter M. , Breuer Felix A. 
Published: January 2019

PurposeTo improve the reconstruction quality for quantitative T1 and T2 measurements using the inversion recovery (IR) TrueFISP sequence and to demonstrate the potential for multicomponent analysis.MethodsThe iterative reconstruction method takes advantage of the high redundancy in the smooth exponential signals using principle component analysis (PCA). Multicomponent information is preserved and allows voxel‐by‐voxel computation of relaxation time spectra with an inverse Laplace transform. Off‐resonance effects are analytically and numerically investigated and a correction approach is presented.ResultsSingle‐shot IR TrueFISP in vivo measurements on healthy volunteers demonstrate the improved reconstruction performance compared to a view sharing (k‐space weighted image contrast [KWIC]) reconstruction. Especially, tissue components with short apparent relaxation times T1* are not filtered out and can be identified in the relaxation time spectra. These components include myelin in the human brain (T1* ≈ 130 ms) and extra cranial subcutaneous fat.ConclusionThe PCA‐based reconstruction method improves the temporal accuracy and preserves multicomponent information. Spatially resolved relaxation time spectra can be obtained and allow the identification of tissue types with short, apparent relaxation times.
Bmi1 marks gastric stem cells located in the isthmus in mice
Authors: Yoshioka Takuto , Fukuda Akihisa , Araki Osamu , Ogawa Satoshi , Hanyu Yuta , Matsumoto Yoshihide , Yamaga Yuichi , Nakanishi Yuki , Kawada Kenji , Sakai Yoshiharu , Chiba Tsutomu , Seno Hiroshi 
Published: January 2019

AbstractIn the mammalian stomach, the isthmus has been considered as a stem cell zone. However, various locations and proliferative activities of gastric stem cells have been reported. We focused here on the stem cell marker Bmi1, a polycomb group protein, aiming to elucidate the characteristics of Bmi1‐expressing cells in the stomach and to examine their stem cell potential. We investigated the Bmi1‐expressing cell lineage in Bmi1‐CreERT; Rosa26‐YFP, LacZ or Rosa26‐Confetti mice. We examined the in vivo and ex vivo effects of Bmi1‐expressing cell ablation by using Bmi1‐CreERT; Rosa26‐iDTR mice. The Bmi1 lineage was also traced during regeneration after high‐dose tamoxifen‐, irradiation‐ and acetic acid‐induced mucosal injuries. In the lineage‐tracing experiments using low‐dose tamoxifen, Bmi1‐expressing cells in the isthmus of the gastric antrum and corpus provided progeny bidirectionally, towards both the luminal and basal sides over 6 months. In gastric organoids, Bmi1‐expressing cells also provided progeny. Ablation of Bmi1‐expressing cells resulted in impaired gastric epithelium in both mouse stomach and organoids. After high‐dose tamoxifen‐induced gastric mucosal injury, Bmi1‐expressing cell lineages expanded and fully occupied all gastric glands of the antrum and the corpus within 7 days after tamoxifen injection. After irradiation‐ and acetic acid‐induced gastric mucosal injuries, Bmi1‐expressing cells also contributed to regeneration. In conclusion, Bmi1 is a gastric stem cell marker expressed in the isthmus of the antrum and corpus. Bmi1‐expressing cells have stem cell potentials, both under physiological conditions and during regeneration after gastric mucosal injuries. Copyright © 2019 Pathological Society of Great Britain and Ireland. Published by John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Burst Machining of Copper and Stainless Steel with Picosecond Lasers
Authors: Bovatsek Jim 
Published: January 2019

AbstractGiven the very low ablation thresholds in metals when processing with picosecond pulse laser sources, it is important to carefully manage the applied laser fluence to maximize material removal efficiency while at the same time minimizing detrimental heat effects. Burst machining of copper and stainless steel can be a flexible and cost‐effective alternative to other techniques such as spatial beam shaping and ultra‐high speed beam scanning for optimizing these processes.
Effect of moisture and filler content on the structural, thermal and dielectric properties of polyamide‐6/boehmite alumina nanocomposites
Authors: Tomara Georgia N , Karahaliou Panagiota K , Anastassopoulos Dimitris L , Georga Stavroula N , Krontiras Christoforos A , Karger‐Kocsis Jozsef 
Published: January 2019

AbstractPolyamide‐6 (PA‐6)/boehmite alumina (BA) nanocomposites were prepared via direct melt compounding. Structural, thermal and dielectric properties of ‘as‐received’ (including moisture) and ‘dried’ (thermally treated) specimens were examined. The BA nanofiller was homogeneously dispersed in the PA‐6 matrix. XRD and FTIR revealed that crystallization of PA‐6 in the γ phase was favoured over α phase with increasing BA content. The crystallinity index (CI) and the percentage of α and γ phases were also evaluated. Dried specimens exhibited a lower CI than as‐received specimens while the CI decreased with the addition of filler. Broadband dielectric spectroscopy revealed the presence of γ, β and α relaxations, the Maxwell–Wagner–Sillars effect and the contribution of conductivity relaxation in the as‐received samples. The drying procedure unmasked a double feature of both β and α modes. The results of the complementary techniques were analysed and the effects of moisture and/or the incorporation of BA nanofiller on the microstructure of the PA‐6 matrix are disclosed. © 2019 Society of Chemical Industry
Polyaniline–13X zeolite composite‐supported platinum electrocatalysts for direct methanol fuel cell applications
Authors: Vinodh Rajangam , Rana Prem Jyoti Sing , Muralee Gopi Chandu VV , Yang Zongmin , Atchudan Raji , Venkatachalam Kandan , Kim Hee‐Je 
Published: January 2019

AbstractWe successfully synthesized 13X zeolite using a hydrothermal method. Then, composites of polyaniline (PANI) with 13X zeolite and PANI–13X with platinum were prepared by chemical oxidative polymerization and chemical reduction, respectively. Field emission scanning electron microscopy, X‐ray diffraction, Raman spectroscopy and Brunauer–Emmett–Teller techniques were used to characterize the PANI–Pt and PANI–Pt–13X composites. Further, the electrocatalytic activity towards methanol oxidation of the synthesized catalysts was explored using cyclic voltammetry in 1 mol L−1 CH3OH + 0.5 mol L−1 H2SO4 solution. From the obtained results, PANI–Pt–13X shows superior performance compared to PANI–Pt towards methanol oxidation and electrical conductivity. Hence, the 13X zeolite‐incorporated PANI–Pt composite could be an efficient catalyst for direct methanol fuel cell applications. © 2019 Society of Chemical Industry
Hsp74/14‐3‐3σ Complex Mediates Centrosome Amplification by High Glucose, Insulin, and Palmitic Acid
Authors: Lu Yu Cheng , Wang Pu , Wu Qi Gui , Zhang Rui Kai , Kong Alice , Li Yuan Fei , Lee Shao Chin 
Published: January 2019

AbstractIt has been reported recently that type 2 diabetes promotes centrosome amplification via 14‐3‐3σ/ROCK1 complex. In the present study, 14‐3‐3σ interacting proteins are characterized and their roles in the centrosome amplification by high glucose, insulin, and palmitic acid are investigated. Co‐immunoprecipitation in combination with MS analysis identified 134 proteins that interact with 14‐3‐3σ, which include heat shock 70 kDa protein 4 (Hsp74). Gene ontology analyses reveal that many of them are enriched in binding activity. Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes analysis shows that the top three enriched pathways are ribosome, carbon metabolism, and biosynthesis of amino acids. Molecular and functional investigations show that the high glucose, insulin, and palmitic acid increase the expression and binding of 14‐3‐3σ and Hsp74 as well as centrosome amplification, all of which are inhibited by knockdown of 14‐3‐3σ or Hsp74. Moreover, molecular docking analysis shows that the interaction between the 14‐3‐3σ and the Hsp74 is mainly through hydrophobic contacts and a lesser degree ionic interactions and hydrogen bond by different amino acids residues. In conclusion, the results suggest that the experimental treatment triggers centrosome amplification via upregulations of expression and binding of 14‐3‐3σ and Hsp74.
Use of an Elbow Brace During Repetitive Pitching Does Not Cause an Increased Mechanical Burden on the Throwing Arm
Authors: Hattori Hiroshi , Akasaka Kiyokazu , Otsudo Takahiro , Hall Toby , Amemiya Katsuya , Mori Yoshihisa 
Published: January 2019

BackgroundRepetitive pitching induces an increase in medial elbow joint space gapping and may consequently lead to local tissue stress and injury. Use of an elbow brace may prevent this from occurring by preventing an increase of medial elbow joint space gapping. However, an elbow brace adds weight to the limb and may increase the burden on the throwing arm.ObjectiveTo investigate whether use of an elbow brace during repetitive pitching reduces shoulder and arm range of motion and grip strength.DesignProspective crossover study.SettingUniversity campus.ParticipantsTwenty‐five healthy high school baseball players.MethodsEach participant pitched 100 times under two conditions: without an elbow brace (control) and wearing an elbow brace.Main Outcome MeasurementsShoulder and elbow range of motion (ROM) before pitching and after every block of 20 pitches. Grip strength before pitching and after 100 pitches.ResultsThere was no significant main effect and interaction for ROM between the two conditions and between pitching sets. In both conditions, grip strength after 100 pitches was significantly lower than that before pitching (P < .05). When the two conditions were compared, there was no significant difference before pitching or after 100 pitches.ConclusionsUse of elbow brace does not alter shoulder and elbow ROM or decrease grip strength after repetitive pitching up to 100 times compared with a no brace condition. An elbow brace can be used during repetitive pitching without causing an increased mechanical burden on the throwing arm.Level of Evidence
II
The Effect of Body Mass Index on the Functional Prognosis of Traumatic Brain Injury Patients
Authors: Burke David T. , Bell Regina B. , Al‐Adawi Samir , Burke Daniel P. 
Published: January 2019

BackgroundAlthough many studies have demonstrated that obesity is correlated with an increased risk of chronic disease, some have reported a paradox by which those in the higher weight categories actually recover better during hospitalization. This study was designed to determine whether this obesity paradox is also reflected in the recovery of patients with traumatic brain injury (TBI) undergoing care in a rehabilitation hospital.ObjectiveTo investigate the association between body mass index (BMI) and the functional progress of patients with TBI, admitted to a rehabilitation hospital.DesignRetrospective cohort study.MethodsThe study included all patients admitted to the brain injury unit of a rehabilitation hospital over a 6‐year period. The data used for this study included patient height and weight (measured on admission) and functional independence measurements (scored on admission and discharge).Main Outcome MeasuresFunctional independence measure (FIM) change per day, BMI category.ResultsFor the 444 patients admitted, the overall FIM efficiency did not differ significantly by BMI (P = .93). After adjusting for age and gender, overweight and obese patients had the lowest FIM efficiency (1.04 for both groups), followed by the underweight and normal weight groups (1.11 and 1.26, respectively).ConclusionThis study demonstrated that higher BMI was not significantly correlated with the rate of functional recovery among patients admitted to a rehabilitation hospital for TBI.Level of EvidenceIII.
Oxygen saturation/FIO2 ratio at 36 weeks’ PMA in 1005 preterm infants: Effect of gestational age and early respiratory disease patterns
Authors: Nobile Stefano , Marchionni Paolo , Gidiucci Carlo , Correani Alessio , Palazzi Maria L. , Spagnoli Cristina , Rondina Clementina ,   Marche Neonatal Network, Carnielli Virgilio P. 
Published: January 2019

AbstractObjectiveTo assess oxygen diffusion at 36 weeks’ post‐menstrual age in preterm infants by means of the non‐invasive oxygen saturation/fraction of inspired oxygen ratio (36w‐SFR) and to identify factors associated with 36w‐SFR − ie, gestational age (GA) and early respiratory disease patterns (ERP).MethodsRetrospective analysis of prospectively collected data. Setting: Neonatal Intensive Care Unit. Patients: 1005 preterm infants born below 32 weeks’ GA. Interventions: 36w‐SFR was the mean of SFR values over 24 h on the day infants reached 36 weeks’ PMA. Main outcome measures: 36w‐SFR. Statistics: descriptive statistics, univariate, and multivariate analysis to study associations of 36w‐SFR, including GA and ERP.Results36w‐SFR was significantly different between infants with and without bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD) (371 vs 467, P < 0.001), and according to ERP (LowFIO2 466, pulmonary improvement‐PI 460, pulmonary deterioration‐PD 405, early persistent pulmonary deterioration‐EPPD 344, P < 0.001). Significant differences were found either in BPD and in non‐BPD patients according to ERP (P < 0.001). Patients without BPD had significant differences in 36w‐SFR according to GA (P < 0.001), while infants with BPD and increasing GA at birth had a non‐significant trend for increased 36w‐SFR (P = 0.621). Factors associated with 36w‐SFR were GA, being small for GA, sepsis, human milk feeding, and ERP.ConclusionsPreterm infants without BPD had a spectrum of oxygen diffusion impairment that was inversely associated with GA at birth. Infants with different patterns of ERP had significant differences in 36w‐SFR.
Exhaled nitric oxide predicts loss of asthma control in children after inhaled corticosteroids withdrawal
Authors: Chang Daniel V. , Teper Alejandro , Balinotti Juan , Castro Simonelli Christian , Garcia‐Bournissen Facundo , Kofman Carlos 
Published: January 2019

AbstractBackgroundExhaled nitric oxide (eNO) has been proposed for monitoring airway inflammation, diagnosis, and prediction of steroid responsiveness in asthma. However, its utility after elective suspension of asthma medication is still unclear. We aimed to determine the association between eNO values and the subsequent loss of asthma control (LAC) in asymptomatic asthmatic children after inhaled corticosteroids (ICS) withdrawal.MethodsWe conducted a prospective observational cohort study. Forty‐two children (23 boys), mean age 11 years, with clinically controlled asthma, according to GINA guidelines, and receiving low‐dose of ICS (budesonide 200 μg/day or equivalent) were included immediately after the withdrawal of ICS. eNO, Asthma Control Test (ACT) and spirometry were monthly assessed, during 54 weeks or until the presence of at least one of the following criteria of LAC: 1) asthma exacerbation, 2) obstructive spirometric pattern, 3) ACT ≤ 19.ResultseNO baseline geometric mean (eNOb), measured 4 weeks after discontinuation of ICS, was 23.7 ppb (SD: 1.16). An eNOb cutoff point of 21.8 ppb was determined to better discriminate between high and low eNO groups. Twenty‐five subjects (71.4%) had LAC. High eNOb was associated to LAC (OR: 9.01; 95CI: 1.10‐74.26). In addition, LAC occurred earlier in high eNOb than in low eNOb patients (8 vs 28 weeks, respectively; P = 0.017).ConclusionsOur findings suggest that eNO predicts loss of asthma control and may contribute for clinical follow up decisions during childhood asthma after ICS withdrawal.
A 2.08 Å resolution structure of HLB5, a novel cellulase from the anaerobic gut bacterium Parabacteroides johnsonii DSM 18315
Authors: Chang Changsoo , Brooke Charles , Piao Hailan , Mack Jamey , Babnigg Gyorgy , Joachimiak Andrzej , Hess Matthias 
Published: January 2019

AbstractCellulases play a significant role in the degradation of complex carbohydrates. In the human gut, anaerobic bacteria are essential to the well‐being of the host by producing these essential enzymes that convert plant polymers into simple sugars that can then be further metabolized by the host. Here, we report the 2.08 Å resolution structure of HLB5, a chemically verified cellulase that was identified previously from an anaerobic gut bacterium and that has no structural cellulase homologues in PDB nor possesses any conserved region typical for glycosidases. We anticipate that the information presented here will facilitate the identification of additional cellulases for which no homologues have been identified to date and enhance our understanding how these novel cellulases bind and hydrolyze their substrates.
Delayed Colo‐anal Anastomosis for Rectal Cancer: Pelvic Morbidity, Functional Results and Oncological Outcomes: A Systematic Review
Authors: Portale Giuseppe , Popesc George Octavian , Parotto Matteo , Cavallin Francesco 
Published: January 2019

AbstractBackgroundDelayed colo‐anal anastomosis (DCAA) has received renewed interest thanks to its reduction in anastomotic leakage rate without the use of stoma to protect a low rectal anastomosis. The aim of this review was to summarize the available literature on DCAA following rectal cancer resection and to report clinical, oncological and functional results.MethodsA comprehensive literature review was conducted including MEDLINE/Pubmed, EMBASE, SCOPUS, clinicaltrials.gov and the Cochrane database of systematic reviews through July 2018. The review was conducted according to MOOSE guidelines. Quality was appraised with the methodological index for non‐randomized studies (MINORS) tool.ResultsEight observational studies (409 patients) were included. Average MINORS score was 9.6/14 in seven non‐comparative studies and 17/22 in one comparative study. Six studies reported no anastomotic leak. Pelvic sepsis/abscess ranged from 0 to 25%. Mortality rate was <3% in seven studies and 12.5% in one. Poor fecal continence was reported in <30% of patients. Need for permanent stoma was ≤2% in six studies. A five‐year survival rate ranged from 63.8 to 81% (four studies). Loco‐regional recurrence rate ranged from 4.8 to 14.3% at 3 years (four studies) and from 6 to 38.8% at 5 years (three studies).ConclusionDCAA offers an alternative to primary straight colo‐anal anastomosis for low rectal cancer. The benefits include reduced risk of anastomotic leakage and pelvic sepsis, and no need for protective ileostomy, with good functional and oncological outcomes. Results of ongoing randomized controlled trials comparing DCAA with straight colo‐anal anastomosis and protective stoma are awaited to draw definitive conclusions.
Development of interspecific hybrids between Solanum lycopersicum L. and S. sisymbriifolium Lam. via embryo calli
Authors: Piosik Łukasz , Ruta-Piosik Maria , Zenkteler Maciej , Zenkteler Elżbieta 
Published: January 2019

AbstractSolanum sisymbriifolium,a wild relative of theS. lycopersicumspecies, has been found to be resistant to numerous pathogens which cause severe diseases in Solanaceae crops. It would be highly desirable for species strongly affected by diseases (e.g. tomato) to contain the resistant genes found in their wild relatives.Solanum sisymbriifoliumhas been considered of potential interest forS. melongenaL. breeding, as the former is resistant to several pathogens and resistant interspecific hybrids have been obtained. Additionally, several reports indicate thatS. sisymbriifoliumis useful for tomato gynogenic haploid production. It is still not quite clear whetherS. sisymbriifoliumcan be crossed withS. lycopersicumand the development of hybrid progeny is possible. In our preliminary in vivo crossing,S. lycopersicum × S. sisymbriifoliumdiploid embryos were formed inside fruits, but their development was inhibited at the globular stage. To obtain F1 hybrids the embryo-rescue method was implemented. Globular embryos isolated 14–35 dap were cultured on various media showing varied morphogenic potencies. Most of the embryos did not develop on the used media but calli formed from the embryogenic cells in > 17% of the embryos, allowing hybrid plants to be obtained. Ten regenerants, which were adapted in pots containing soil, had morphological traits similar to theS. sisymbriifoliumparent, including the plant habit, presence of prickles on shoots or white colour of flowers. The hybrid origin of the regenerants was confirmed by flow cytometry analysis of DNA content and KASP genotyping. The results indicated thatS. lycopersicumcan be hybridized withS. sisymbriifoliumthrough interspecific hybridization to introduce novel traits for use in tomato-breeding programmes.
Misreporting Month of Birth: Diagnosis and Implications for Research on Nutrition and Early Childhood in Developing Countries
Authors: Larsen Anna Folke , Headey Derek , Masters William A. 
Published: January 2019

Abstract
A large literature has used children’s birthdays to identify exposure to shocks and estimate their impacts on later outcomes. Using height-for-age z scores (HAZ) for more than 990,000 children in 62 countries from 163 Demographic and Health Surveys (DHS), we show how random errors in birth dates create artifacts in HAZ that can be used to diagnose the extent of age misreporting. The most important artifact is an upward gradient in HAZ by recorded month of birth (MOB) from start to end of calendar years, resulting in a large HAZ differential between December- and January-born children of –0.32 HAZ points. We observe a second artifact associated with round ages, with a downward gradient in HAZ by recorded age in months, and then an upward step after reaching ages 2, 3, and 4. These artifacts have previously been interpreted as actual health shocks. We show that they are not related to agroclimatic conditions but are instead linked to the type of calendar used and arise mainly when enumerators do not see the child’s birth registration cards. We explain the size of the December–January gap through simulation in which 11 % of children have their birth date replaced by a random month. We find a minor impact on the average stunting rate but a larger impact in specific error-prone surveys. We further show how misreporting MOB causes attenuation bias when MOB is used for identification of shock exposure as well as systematic bias in the impact on HAZ of events that occur early or late in each calendar year.