bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Interaction of α Carboxyl Terminus 1 Peptide With the Connexin 43 Carboxyl Terminus Preserves Left Ventricular Function After Ischemia‐Reperfusion Injury
Authors: Jiang Jingbo , Hoagland Daniel , Palatinus Joseph A. , He Huamei , Iyyathurai Jegan , Jourdan L. Jane , Bultynck Geert , Wang Zhen , Zhang Zhiwei , Schey Kevin , Poelzing Steven , McGowan Francis X. , Gourdie Robert G. 
Published: August 2019

Background

α Carboxyl terminus 1 (α
CT
1) is a 25–amino acid therapeutic peptide incorporating the zonula occludens‐1 (ZO‐1)–binding domain of connexin 43 (Cx43) that is currently in phase 3 clinical testing on chronic wounds. In mice, we reported that α
CT
1 reduced arrhythmias after cardiac injury, accompanied by increases in protein kinase Cε phosphorylation of Cx43 at serine 368. Herein, we characterize detailed molecular mode of action of α
CT
1 in mitigating cardiac ischemia‐reperfusion injury.

Methods and Results

To study α
CT
1‐mediated increases in phosphorylation of Cx43 at serine 368, we undertook mass spectrometry of protein kinase Cε phosphorylation assay reactants. This indicated potential interaction between negatively charged residues in the α
CT
1 Asp‐Asp‐Leu‐Glu‐Iso sequence and lysines (Lys345, Lys346) in an α‐helical sequence (helix 2) within the Cx43‐
CT
. In silico modeling provided further support for this interaction, indicating that α
CT
1 may interact with both Cx43 and
ZO
‐1. Using surface plasmon resonance, thermal shift, and phosphorylation assays, we characterized a series of α
CT
1 variants, identifying peptides that interacted with either
ZO
‐1–postsynaptic density‐95/disks large/zonula occludens‐1 2 or Cx43‐
CT
, but with limited or no ability to bind both molecules. Only peptides competent to interact with Cx43‐
CT
, but not
ZO
‐1–postsynaptic density‐95/disks large/zonula occludens‐1 2 alone, prompted increased
pS
368 phosphorylation. Moreover, in an ex vivo mouse model of ischemia‐reperfusion injury, preischemic infusion only with those peptides competent to bind Cx43 preserved ventricular function after ischemia‐reperfusion. Interestingly, a short 9–amino acid variant of α
CT
1 (α
CT
11) demonstrated potent cardioprotective effects when infused either before or after ischemic injury.

Conclusions

Interaction of α
CT
1 with the Cx43, but not
ZO
‐1, is correlated with cardioprotection. Pharmacophores targeting Cx43‐
CT
could provide a translational approach to preserving heart function after ischemic injury.
Subependymal Giant Cell Astrocytoma Size Measurement in Tuberous Sclerosis Complex: Noncontrast vs Contrast-Enhanced 3-Dimensional T1-Weighted Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI)
Authors: Hill Brook J. , Gadde Judith A. , Palasis Susan 
Published: August 2019

Purpose: Tuberous sclerosis complex is a multisystem genetic disorder characterized by multiorgan hamartomas, seizures, and developmental delay. Current consensus recommendations for tuberous sclerosis complex include brain magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) without and with contrast every 1 to 3 years until age 25 years for subependymal giant cell astrocytoma screening, and more often in patients with known subependymal giant cell astrocytoma. Recent reports in the literature regarding gadolinium deposition have prompted us to investigate the added value of intravenous contrast in this setting. Materials and Methods: Thirty-nine MRI examinations from 12 tuberous sclerosis complex patients with known subependymal giant cell astrocytoma were retrospectively reviewed for all caudothalamic groove lesions larger than 1 cm. Lesions were measured in 2 planes on both noncontrast and contrast-enhanced axial 3-dimensional (3D) T1-weighted imaging in a randomized fashion by 2 attending pediatric neuroradiologists. Differences in lesion measurements were compared to zero using a 1-sample t test. Results: On average, radiologist A measured lesions 1.1 mm larger in long-axis diameter without contrast ( P = .0003), whereas radiologist B measured lesions 0.1 mm larger without contrast (not significant). Differences in lesion measurement were smaller when comparing noncontrast to contrast-enhanced 3D T1-weighted imaging than when comparing radiologist A to radiologist B. Conclusions: Noncontrast axial 3D T1-weighted imaging is similar to contrast-enhanced axial 3D T1-weighted imaging for subependymal giant cell astrocytoma size measurement. It has high accuracy and may be a safer and more efficient imaging method for tuberous sclerosis complex patients who commonly undergo numerous MRI examinations throughout their lifetime. Further studies may be appropriate to determine whether contrast material could be beneficial in certain situations.
Evaluation of oxidative stress and antioxidant parameters in children with carbon monoxide poisoning
Authors: Teksam O , Sabuncuoğlu S , Girgin G , Özgüneş H 
Published: August 2019

Objective: In this study, we aimed to investigate oxidative stress and antioxidant parameter levels in patients with carbon monoxide (CO) poisoning. Methods: The study was conducted prospectively between March 1, 2015 and April 30, 2016 in the pediatric emergency department. Eligible patients included children aged 0–18 years old with a diagnosis of CO poisoning. To determination of oxidative stress and antioxidant parameter levels, venous blood with heparinized and urine samples were drawn during the admission and after normobaric oxygen (NBO) and hyperbaric oxygen (HBO) treatment. Results: Forty-seven children with CO poisoning for study group and 29 patients as control group were included to the study. Sixteen patients treated with HBO. Basal plasma malondialdehyde levels were found to be significantly higher in the CO poisoning group when compared with the control group ( p = 0.019). There is no significant difference in oxidative stress and antioxidant parameter levels except erythrocyte catalase enzyme levels in patients treated with NBO when comparing before and after NBO treatment ( p > 0.05). Decreasing of basal erythrocyte catalase enzyme levels were found statistically significant after NBO treatment ( p = 0.04). There was no significant difference in oxidative stress and antioxidant parameter levels in patients treated with HBO before and after therapy ( p > 0.05). Conclusions: CO poisoning is associated with increased lipid peroxidation in children immediately after the poisoning. However, both treatment modalities including NBO or HBO do not have a significant effect on oxidative stress or antioxidant parameter levels.
Comparison of end‐tidal carbon dioxide and point‐of‐care echocardiography for fluid response at the bedside
Authors: Korkut Semih , Ünlüer Erden Erol , Karagöz Arif , Mnif Karama Bouchaala , Kadioğlu Emine 
Published: August 2019

Purpose:In this study, we aimed to compare cardiac output, echocardiographic pulmonary velocity‐time integral, and end‐tidal carbon dioxide values before and after the passive leg raising maneuver in healthy volunteers.Methods:The Ethical Commission approved the study. A total of 36 volunteers were included after signed informed consent in our study. After 12 h of fasting, vital signs, cardiac output, pulmonary velocity‐time integral, and end‐tidal carbon dioxide were measured when the participants were lying supine. Then, participants’ legs were elevated to 45° passively, and all measurements were repeated. Pulmonary velocity‐time integral was obtained in parasternal short‐axis view with the aid of pulse Doppler. Pulmonary root measurements were recorded. Echocardiographic stroke volume and cardiac output were calculated. The differences between values of cardiac output, pulmonary velocity‐time integral, and end‐tidal carbon dioxide before and after passive leg raising were statistically compared. The level of significance was accepted as p < 0.05.Results:Significant differences were found between pre‐ and post‐passive leg raising values of these three measurements. The effect of passive leg raising on pulmonary velocity‐time integral measurements was greater. The change in end‐tidal carbon dioxide was not correlated with either cardiac output or pulmonary velocity‐time integral alteration.Conclusion:Our results showed that measurement of pulmonary velocity‐time integral changes after passive leg raising is a more useful bedside method to predict fluid responsiveness than measurement of end‐tidal carbon dioxide and cardiac output alteration.
Cardiovascular Health of Retired Field-Based Athletes: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis
Authors: McHugh Cliodhna , Hind Karen , Davey Daniel , Wilson Fiona 
Published: August 2019

Background: Retirement from elite sport participation is associated with decreased physical activity, depression, obesity, and ischemic heart disease. Although engagement in physical activity through sport is recognized as cardioprotective, an estimated one-quarter of deaths in American football players are associated with cardiovascular disease (CVD), predominately in players classified as obese. Purpose: To systematically investigate the cardiovascular health profile of retired field-based athletes. Study Design: Systematic review; Level of evidence, 4. Methods: This review was conducted and reported in accordance with the PRISMA (Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses) guidelines and preregistered with PROSPERO. Four databases (PubMed, CINAHL, Embase, and Web of Science) were systematically searched from inception to October 2018 using MeSH terms and keywords. Inclusion criteria were retired field-based athletes, age >18 years, and at least 1 CVD risk factor according to the European Society of Cardiology and the American Heart Association. Review articles were not included. Control groups were not required for inclusion, but when available, an analysis was included. Eligible articles were extracted using Covidence. Methodological quality was assessed independently by 2 reviewers using the AXIS tool. The accuracy of individual study estimates was analyzed using a random-effects meta-analysis. Results: This review yielded 13 studies. A total of 4350 male retired field-based athletes from 2 sports (football and soccer; age range, 42.2-66 years) were included. Eight studies compared retired athletes with control groups. Retired athletes had elevated systolic blood pressure in 4 of 6 studies; approximately 50% of studies found greater high-density lipoprotein, approximately 80% found lower triglyceride levels, and all studies found greater low-density lipoprotein for retired athletes compared with controls. The prevalence and severity of coronary artery calcium and carotid artery plaque were similar to controls. Retired linemen had double the prevalence of cardiometabolic syndrome compared with nonlinemen. Conclusion: The overall findings were mixed. Inconsistencies in the reporting of CVD risk factors and methodological biases reduced the study quality. Retired athletes had a comparable CVD risk profile with the general population. Retired athletes with an elevated body mass index had an increased prevalence and severity of risk factors. Significant gaps remain in understanding the long-term cardiovascular effects of elite athleticism.
Predictive validity of a novel non-invasive estimation of effective shunt fraction in critically ill patients
Authors: Chang Emma M. , Bretherick Andrew , Drummond Gordon B. , Baillie J Kenneth 
Published: August 2019

Abstract

Background
Accurate measurement of pulmonary oxygenation is important for classification of disease severity and quantification of outcomes in clinical studies. Currently, tension-based methods such as P/F ratio are in widespread use, but are known to be less accurate than content-based methods. However, content-based methods require invasive measurements or sophisticated equipment that are rarely used in clinical practice. We devised two new methods to infer shunt fraction from a single arterial blood gas sample: (1) a non-invasive effective shunt (ES) fraction calculated using a rearrangement of the indirect Fick equation, standard constants, and a procedural inversion of the relationship between content and tension and (2) inferred values from a database of outputs from an integrated mathematical model of gas exchange (DB). We compared the predictive validity—the accuracy of predictions of PaO2 following changes in FIO2—of each measure in a retrospective database of 78,159 arterial blood gas (ABG) results from critically ill patients.

Results
In a formal test set comprising 9,635 pairs of ABGs, the median absolute error (MAE) values for the four measures were as follows: alveolar-arterial difference, 7.30 kPa; PaO2/FIO2 ratio, 2.41 kPa; DB, 2.13 kPa; and ES, 1.88 kPa. ES performed significantly better than other measures (p < 10-10 in all comparisons). Further exploration of the DB method demonstrated that obtaining two blood gas measurements at different FIO2 provides a more precise description of pulmonary oxygenation.

Conclusions
Effective shunt can be calculated using a computationally efficient procedure using routinely collected arterial blood gas data and has better predictive validity than other analytic methods. For practical assessment of oxygenation in clinical research, ES should be used in preference to other indices. ES can be calculated at http://baillielab.net/es.
Ankyrin-G induces nucleoporin Nup358 to associate with the axon initial segment of neurons
Authors: Khalaf Bouchra , Roncador Alessandro , Pischedda Francesca , Casini Antonio , Thomas Sabine , Piccoli Giovanni , Kiebler Michael , Macchi Paolo 
Published: August 2019

ABSTRACT
Nup358 (also known as RanBP2) is a member of the large nucleoporin family that constitutes the nuclear pore complex. Depending on the cell type and the physiological state, Nup358 interacts with specific partner proteins and influences distinct mechanisms independent of its role in nucleocytoplasmic transport. Here, we provide evidence that Nup358 associates selectively with the axon initial segment (AIS) of mature neurons, mediated by the AIS scaffold protein ankyrin-G (AnkG, also known as Ank3). The N-terminus of Nup358 is demonstrated to be sufficient for its localization at the AIS. Further, we show that Nup358 is expressed as two isoforms, one full-length and another shorter form of Nup358. These isoforms differ in their subcellular distribution in neurons and expression level during neuronal development. Overall, the present study highlights an unprecedented localization of Nup358 within the AIS and suggests its involvement in neuronal function.
This article has an associated First Person interview with the first author of the paper.
Physical Activity and Academic Performance: Genetic and Environmental Associations
Authors: AALTONEN SARI , LATVALA ANTTI , JELENKOVIC ALINE , ROSE RICHARD J. , KUJALA URHO M. , KAPRIO JAAKKO , SILVENTOINEN KARRI 
Published: August 2019

ABSTRACT

Introduction
Physical activity and academic performance are believed to be associated. Though both traits are partially heritable, it remains unclear whether these traits also share a genetic and/or environmental background in common. We aimed to examine to what extent leisure time physical activity and academic performance share genetic and environmental effects from early adolescence to young adulthood.

Methods
Participants were Finnish twins (2543–2693 individuals/study wave) who reported their leisure-time physical activity at ages 12, 14, 17, and 24 yr. Academic performance was assessed with teacher-reported grade point averages at ages 12 and 14 yr and by self-reported educational levels at ages 17 and 24 yr. Bivariate quantitative genetic modeling at each age and between different ages was performed to decompose the trait correlation between academic performance and physical activity into genetic and environmental components.

Results
The trait correlations between leisure-time physical activity and academic performance were positive, but modest at most (r
trait = 0.08–0.22 in males, and 0.07–0.18 in females). The genetic correlations between leisure-time physical activity and academic performance were higher than the trait correlations (r
A = 0.17–0.43 in males, and 0.15–0.25 in females). Common genetic influences explained 43% to 100% of the trait correlations. Environmental influences shared by cotwins between leisure-time physical activity and academic performance were also correlated (r
C = 0.27–0.54 in males, and 0.21–0.69 in females) explaining 41% to 100% of the trait correlations. Unique environmental influences were correlated only in females (r
E = 0.10–0.15).

Conclusions
Both common genetic background and shared family environment (i.e., familial background) partially account for the associations observed between leisure-time physical activity and academic performance. However, the estimates vary in magnitude by age.
Aproximações - Cinema «e» Cristianismo. Fé e Movimento do Cinema. De João Mário Grilo a Pier Paolo Pasolini
Authors: Nóbrega Diogo 
Published: August 2019

Este estudo interroga a modalidade da relação existente entre cinema (gr. kī́nēma, “movimento”) e cristianismo. Num itinerário que se pretende de âmbito filosófico, o argumento compreende, em traços gerais, dois momentos, duas compreensões distintas da relação entre as esferas nomeadas: 1) a análise do filme Os Olhos da Ásia (1996), de João Mário Grilo. Acompanhamos, nesse particular, a estrutura de um movimento reduzido a um exercício medialógico de reprodução da herança metafísica que o cristianismo recepta e agrava, sujeitando o existente a um corpo de narrativa e de mensagem que se concretiza na un-identidade de um Deus único, i.e., numa suspensão do movimento; 2) a análise do filme Il Vangelo Secondo Matteo (1964), de Pier Paolo Pasolini. Defendemos, a esse título, que o filme se constrói a partir de uma incompatibilidade de princípio entre movimento e pontualidade. O que é dizer a partir da exigência rigorosamente a-teológica de que o cinema, segundo Pasolini, é portador. Porém, mais do que a indicação de uma ausência pura e simples, a ausência ou a morte do Deus do cristianismo, o filme figura e/ou rememora um ausentar-se, ou bem um esvaziar-se de substância na e como figura humana, repensando sempre de novo e diferentemente o esvaziamento (gr. kénōsis) que Paulo de Tarso anuncia na Epístola aos Filipenses (2, 6-11). Cinema e cristianismo, ser e movimento entretecem, aqui, uma única e mesma questão, a questão de uma fidelidade da figura ao rasgão imprevisível de um apelo, do que vem e de quem vem de algures, sem precedente ou exemplo, radicalmente novo, de cada vez.
Atores em Kiarostami: do mundo iraniano para o palco italiano
Authors: Wahrhaftig Alexandre 
Published: August 2019

Este ensaio investiga o trabalho dos atores no filme Cópia fiel (Copie conforme, 2010), de Abbas Kiarostami. O filme, rodado na Itália, difere em muito da obra do diretor realizada no Irã, na qual o elenco era formado por atores não profissionais cujas vidas, muitas vezes, integravam-se à narrativa dos filmes. Já em Cópia fiel estamos diante de uma estrela internacional (Juliette Binoche) e de um cantor de ópera (William Shimell) que evidentemente interpretam papeis que não se confundem com suas vidas – mas que possuem uma particular mobilidade de identidade que ecoa a própria ideia de interpretação e jogo. Investigaremos a forma como Kiarostami trabalhou com seus atores no Irã e na Itália – tentando apreender a transformação que se deu nessa passagem –, e que tipo de resultado tal trabalho conferiu à forma final dos filmes.
The Phenomenal-Intentional Nature of Happiness: A contemporary Approach to Epictetus and Stoicism
Authors: González Estrada Allan Arturo 
Published: August 2019

Este presente artículo ofrece una comparación entre las ideas filosóficas del estoicismo y las ideas contemporáneas en filosofía de la mente, para entender la naturaleza de la intencionalidad y experiencia como un elemento fundamental en una teoría de la “felicidad”. De esta manera se evalúan aspectos relacionados con una teoría fisicalista a partir de una idea basada en una visión de la intencionalidad-fenoménica, esto es, la idea que la intencionalidad depende de las características fenoménicas, de esta forma, un análisis de la psicología popular y actitudes proposicionales como una base contemporánea para reinterpretar la metafísica y epistemología estoica, en particular desde las ideas expuestas por Epicteto, es posible. Se concluye que esta interpretación puede aportar una base más sólida que la propuesta en las teorías representacionales como las defendidas por Michael Tye para entender la naturaleza de la representación y el cambio en la narrativa interna que sugiere el estoicismo como vía a la felicidad.
Palabras clave: felicidad, intencionalidad, carácter fenoménico de la experiencia, estoicismo, Epicteto.
A gyermekkori uveitis klinikai jellemzői és terápiája
Authors: Kiss Judit , Gaál Valéria , Nyul Zoltán , Mosdósi Bernadett 
Published: August 2019

Abstract: Introduction: Uveitis is characterized by inflammation of the middle layer of the eye. Its overall incidence is low. Autoimmune diseases and infections are the most common underlying diseases. Out of the autoimmune diseases, juvenile idiopathic arthritis is associated most frequently with uveitis. The topical ophthalmological treatment may fail in a significant proportion of the patients and immunomodulatory therapy may be required. Aim and method: In a retrospective study, data of 33 children diagnosed and treated with uveitis at the Department of Pediatrics and Ophthalmology, University of Pécs during the last 5 years were collected and analyzed. Results: The mean age of the patients was 9.3 (0.3–17.8) years. Boys and girls were equally affected with an exception of patients with juvenile idiopathic arthritis where female predominance was found. An underlying disease could be identified in 60% of the cases (20/33). Uveitis was associated in 12 patients with juvenile idiopathic arthritis, in 2 patients with Behcet’s disease and in a single case with inflammatory bowel disease. Infections have been proven in 5 patients. The autoimmune diseases caused an eye inflammation typically in anterior localization, in contrast to the infections that resulted in posterior uveitis. The majority of the patients required systemic treatment. 3 of them received systemic corticosteroid and 18 patients methotrexate as disease-modifying antirheumatic drug. 13 children with severe disease activity required biological therapy (adalimumab injection). Remission could be achieved in 1.45 (0.75–2.5) months. Conclusion: Pediatric uveitis is of great importance. Early diagnosis, adequate therapy and follow-up require multidisciplinary cooperation. Orv Hetil. 2019; 160(34): 1335–1339.
A gluténérzékenység extraintestinalis spektruma
Authors: Fedor István , Zöld Éva , Barta Zsolt 
Published: August 2019

Abstract: Although celiac disease (gluten-sensitive enteropathy) is a relatively well known malady, yet is surrounded by several misconceptions. It is in fact, a multi-systemic autoimmune disorder with a wide spectrum of possible presentations, though most clinicians regard it as a solely gastrointestinal disease. Another misconception that it is a disease of paediatric age group. Thus, the diagnosis of adult or elderly patients is often delayed. Recognition of the disease in the adults can be challenging, as there are less pronounced gastrointestinal symptoms, and patients present with other manifestations (i.e., neurologic, cardiovascular, hepatobiliary, or hematologic involvement are common). As these extraintestinal manifestations are less well known among practicing physicians, here we propose a brief overview of these. We aimed to summarize the available literature on the extraintestinal manifestations associated with gluten sensitivity. Orv Hetil. 2019; 160(34): 1327–1334.