bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Effect of Forsus-assisted mandibular advancement on the adaptation of craniocervical posture – A retrospective study
Authors: Rajamanickam Preethi , Varghese Remmiya Mary , Kishore Shreya 
Published: November 2024

BACKGROUND and OBJECTIVE:
Skeletal Class II malocclusion patients frequently exhibit an extended craniocervical position. The study’s objective was to evaluate how the craniocervical posture has changed following skeletal class II correction using the Forsus fatigue-resistant device (FFRD).

METHODOLOGY:
A retrospective analysis was undertaken using the pre- and post-treatment records of 35 skeletal class II patients who used the FFRD to achieve class II correction. The metrics suggested by Solow and Rocabado were used to evaluate the cranial and cervical positions. Eleven angular parameters were evaluated to determine the relationship between the mandibular ramus and the skull as well as the upper and middle craniocervical positions. To compare the parameters before and after fixed functional therapy, a Wilcoxon signed rank test was used.

RESULTS:
Significant differences were obtained in the parameters SNA, SNB, and ANB post-FFRD. Significant differences were also noted in NL/OPT, NSL/OPT, FH/CVT, FH/OPT, NSL/CVT, NL/CVT, ML/CVT, FH/RL, and oropharynx position.

CONCLUSIONS:
The upper and middle craniocervical posture altered significantly with the FFRD. Skeletal class II correction obtained with FFRD delivered the patients a more erect craniocervical posture.
Changes in the corrosion rate and microstructure of nickel titanium wire in pandan leaves extract
Authors: Nasution Mutia A. , Lubis Hilda F. , Sipayung Ingrid V. , Sitepu Inri N. 
Published: November 2024

OBJECTIVE:
This study aimed at determining the effect of pH changes on nickel titanium wire seen based on the corrosion rate and surface roughness of the wire after immersion in pandan leaves extract.

MATERIAL AND METHODS:
The sample used nickel titanium wire of 0.016 inches diameter and 5 cm length and consists of five treatment groups: control group, 0.2% chlorhexidine, and 1000 ppm, 2000 ppm, and 4000 ppm pandan leaves extract. The solutions were put into an incubator for 7, 14, and 21 days at 37 °C and removed according to the sample immersion time. The corrosion rate was determined using the weight-loss method, and microstructure roughness was analyzed using a scanning electron microscope.

RESULTS:

Kruskal–Wallis test showed that there was a significant difference in corrosion rate of orthodontic wires of nickel titanium after control submersion, 0.2% chlorhexidine, and pandan leaves extract on 7, 14, and 21 days (P ≤ 0.05), and pandan leaves extract submersion shows that the surface structure is not as bad as artificial saliva and 0.2% chlorhexidine.

CONCLUSIONS:
Pandan leaves extract could inhibit the corrosion rate of nickel titanium orthodontic wire, which might be due to tannin content as an active antioxidant.
Superior effect of mini-implant anchorage in the treatment of skeletal class II malocclusion
Authors: Hong Vo Thi Thuy , Lien Tran Thi Kim , Tuan Pham Anh , Viet Hoang 
Published: November 2024

OBJECTIVES:
To evaluate the effectiveness of mini-implant (MI) anchorage versus conventional anchorage for the treatment of skeletal class II malocclusion.

MATERIALS AND METHODS:
The study was conducted on 64 patients with skeletal class II malocclusion. The patients were divided into two groups: 1) 32 patients underwent conventional anchorage, and 2) 32 patients underwent MI anchorage. Cephalometric radiographs were taken pre-treatment, and the data were compared with post-treatment measurements.

RESULTS:
The age and gender distribution between the conventional and MI anchorage groups was similar, and the differences were statistically significant. The SNA and SNB angles post-treatment were reduced compared to pre-treatment measurements in both groups. The MI anchorage demonstrated a superior subsidence effect, reducing the level of forward displacement of the first molars in the maxilla. The MI group also exhibited less extrusion of the molars compared to the conventional group. In skeletal class II cases, especially in patients with a high mandibular angle using MI anchorage helped prevent the mandible from rotating counterclockwise, thus improving aesthetics rather than worsening them after treatment. In 75% of the cases in the MI anchorage group, the outcome was assessed as “greatly improved” based on the PAR index.

CONCLUSIONS:
MI anchorage was more effective than conventional anchorage. It allows for greater posterior movement and intrusion of the maxillary incisors while maintaining or rotating the mandibular plane counterclockwise.
Evaluation of the efficiency of SmartArch, copper-NiTi, and NiTi archwires in resolving mandibular anterior crowding: A double-blinded randomized controlled trial
Authors: Ashok Thrishna , Ammayappan Pavithranand , Alexander Lidhiya , Kengadaran Shivashankar , Kumar Praveen 
Published: November 2024

BACKGROUND/OBJECTIVE:
Resolution of crowding remains a chief concern for patients seeking orthodontic treatment. The choice of the initial aligning archwire is crucial for achieving treatment success. Nickel-titanium (NiTi) archwires have been the first choice since their introduction. Multi-force archwires are a recent development that claims to deliver optimal orthodontic force tailored to specific teeth. The aim of this study was to compare the clinical efficiency of SmartArch® archwires with conventional and thermoelastic NiTi.

METHODOLOGY:
Thirty-nine patients were randomly allocated into three groups (group 1: NiTi, group 2: Cu-NiTi, and group 3: SmartArch®). Only patients with Little’s irregularity index of >4 mm were included. Study models were fabricated at each time interval of four weeks (T0, T1, T2, and until decrowding). The reduction in the irregularity score was calculated and analyzed using the Shapiro-Wilk and Kolmogorov-Smirnov tests, the Kruskal-Wallis test, the Kaplan-Meier method to create a survival curve, and Mantel-Cox log-rank test to compare survival times.

RESULTS:
The Little’s irregularity index reduced with treatment in all patients, irrespective of the groups, with no significant difference (P = 0.467) in the reduction among the groups evaluated. On average, it took 10.77 ± 2.52 weeks for group 1, 11 ± 4.22 weeks for group 2, and 9.54 ± 2.6 weeks for group 3. Patients with rotated canines took a longer duration to achieve decrowding, irrespective of the archwires used.

CONCLUSION:
This study found no clinically significant difference in the efficiency of decrowding among the archwires.
The study was approved by the Institutional Review Board and Institutional Ethical Committee (IGIDSIEC2021NRP13PGTHODO) and registered under the Clinical Trial Registry (CTRI/2021/09/036859) of India.
The effect of energy drinks on force degradation of elastomeric chains (An in vitro study)
Authors: Abbass Noor N. , Albo Hassan Alaa F. , Nahidh Mohammed 
Published: November 2024

OBJECTIVES:
This in vitro study aimed to determine how three different energy drink types affected the force decay of three distinct brands of clear, short elastomeric chains over various time intervals.

MATERIALS AND METHODS:
In this study, 600 pieces of clear, short elastomeric chains from three brands were examined. The initial force was measured immediately using a digital scale and after 1, 7, 14, 21, and 28 days. These intervals followed immersion in the respective energy drink for 5 minutes twice daily. Using one-way ANOVA and Tukey’s HSD tests, the percentage of force decay was computed and compared across the different elastic brands, time intervals, and energy drinks.

RESULTS:
The force degradation of various elastic brands immersed in different energy drinks increased over time, following a similar pattern of decay. By the end of the fourth week, there were highly significant differences in the force decay percentage, varying from 68% to 83%.

CONCLUSIONS:
Considering the effects of brands, duration, and energy drinks, all the evaluated brands exhibited similar patterns of force decay, with highly significant differences noted. The force decay in Coca-Cola Energy and Fire ball drinks is relatively higher than in other beverages.
Investigating the characteristics of the mandibular canal in cone beam CT
Authors: Do Thao Thi , Le Lam Nguyen , Tan Loc Truong , Dang Anh The Thien , Huynh Duyen Ngoc Kim , Truong My Hoan , Nguyen Luan Minh 
Published: November 2024

CONTEXT:
The mandibular canal (MC) is an essential landmark that should be considered before any surgeries. Therefore, accurately assessing the location and characteristics of the MC in cone beam computed tomography (CBCT) imaging is very important.

AIMS:
To determine the characteristics of the MC in relation to adjacent anatomical structures in CBCT projections.

SETTINGS AND DESIGN:
The convenience sampling method.

METHODS AND MATERIAL:
This was a retrospective study of 112 CBCT images of Vietnamese patients aged 18 to 69 years, taken for clinical indications between 2018 and 2023. The evaluation was carried out by comparing and arranging the anatomical structures of different planes in three-dimensional space to assess and measure relevant dimensions.

STATISTICAL ANALYSIS USED:
Independent samples T-test.

RESULTS:
The average diameter of the MC from the apex of the second premolar to the distal apex of the second molar, if there were no missing teeth in this segment, was 2.58 ± 0.52 mm (right) and 2.55 ± 0.54 mm (left). If there were a missing tooth in this segment, the measurements were 2.51 ± 0.79 mm (right) and 2.47 ± 0.45 mm (left). The difference between the two sides regarding the presence or absence of a missing tooth was not statistically significant.

CONCLUSIONS:
The precise localization of the MC related to the tooth apex and the diameter of the MC can vary in each person. CBCT indications should be considered when establishing treatment planning to avoid damaging the inferior alveolar nerve in the MC.
Facialprofile determination using a novel face analyzer orthodontic mobile application
Authors: Brahmanta Arya , Syahdinda Meralda Rossy , Kurniawan Hansen , Marya Anand , Chandrasekharan Deepak 
Published: November 2024

OBJECTIVES:
To find out the difference, the type of facial profile, and facial asymmetry between manual methods and mobile application, which is named the face analyzer orthodontic application. Facial profiles can be determined from the side of the face, categorized into three types: straight, convex, and concave profiles. Facial asymmetry refers to the imbalance between facial components concerning size, shape, and opposing positions of planes, lines, or points.

MATERIALS AND METHODS:
The research design was a cross-sectional study design using extra oral patient photographs who were treated in Orthodontic Department of Nala Husada Dental Hospital, Surabaya. The technique used was simple random sampling. The number of samples obtained based on inclusion and exclusion criteria was 37 patients, ranged 9–15 years old. The facial profile and asymmetry were determined from extra oral photos before objectively analyzed and processed in face analyzer application by comparing with the manual technique. Wilcoxon test, used to determine the significance value of facial profiles and the facial asymmetry, was analyzed by McNemar’s test.

RESULTS:
Testing on two variables with two different treatment groups obtained P > 0.05. The Wilcoxon test result (P = 0.157) indicates there is no significant difference, and the McNemar test result (P = 0.375) indicates there was no significant difference in the two groups.

CONCLUSIONS:
The results of determining the facial profile and facial asymmetry showed no difference between manual and face analyzer orthodontic mobile applications.
Influence of pH on the release of nickel ions from fixed orthodontic appliances in artificial saliva
Authors: Ouédraogo Youssouf , Sakira Abdoul Karim , Ouédraogo Moussa , Tapsoba Issa , Konsem Tarcissus , Beugré Jean Bertin 
Published: November 2024

AIM:
The aim of this study was to make a laboratory assessment of pH influence on the kinetics of the release of nickel ions in artificial saliva.

METHODS AND MATERIAL:
In this study, 15 basic orthodontic appliances are immersed in 15 polyethylene tubes each containing 40 ml of artificial saliva. Tubes were divided into three sub-groups of 5 tubes depending on the pH: pH 5, pH 7 and pH 8. The release of nickel ions was measured using atomic absorption spectrometry in a sample of 5 ml of artificial saliva taken one hour, four hours and one hundred and sixty-eight hours after immersion in a water bath at 37°.

STATISTICAL ANALYSIS USED:
Significance threshold P was set at 0.05. A Student T test and the 2-way Anova test (with a Bonferoni post-test) were used respectively to compare the means.

RESULTS:
The neutral pH causes a low release of nickel ions. The release kinetics of nickel ions is minimal for neutral pH, it increases when pH varies. After one hour of immersion, the nickel released did not reach the spectrometer quantification threshold as for neutral and acid pH. The alkaline pH causes an average release of nickel ions from the beginning without kinetic variation. As time passes (T3), the acidic pH causes more nickel ions release through a succession of oxidation-reduction reactions. After 168 hours, the average mass of nickel released is 0.30 µg for pH 7, 1.35 µg for pH 8 and up to 2.85 µg for pH 5.

CONCLUSIONS:
Quantities released did not reach nickel toxicity threshold in humans. Orthodontists must consider the potential risk of hypersensitivity due to nickel in fixed orthodontic appliances.
Predictors of severity factors associated with severe scrub typhus among children in a Tertiary Care Hospital
Authors: Panda Subhasmita , Panda Kalpana , Swain Subrat Kumar , Gupta Medha , Sarangi Rachita 
Published: November 2024

Background & objectives:
Scrub typhus is an acute febrile zoonotic disease caused by the obligate intracellular gram-negative bacteria Orientia tsutsugamushi. Growing data over the last few years on the Indian subcontinent suggest that it is one of the most widespread but under-reported diseases. The study aimed to document the clinical and paraclinical profile and evaluate complications of scrub typhus in severe and nonsevere pediatric age groups.

Methods:
A prospective observational study was conducted in pediatric patients. Frequency, mean, percentage and standard deviation were all included in the descriptive statistical analysis calculation. Multivariate analysis was conducted to predict the severity factor.

Results:
A total of 189 patients met the eligibility criteria and were included in the final analysis. The mean and standard deviation (mean ± SD) age of the cohort was 5.54 ± 3.9 years, with a male predominance of 68.2%. The mean ± SD duration of fever was 6.64 ± 1.43 days. Patients with severe scrub typhus experienced complications including hepatic involvement (42, 64.6%), respiratory distress (23, 46.1%), neurological involvement (14, 24.6%), acute kidney injury (10, 15.4%), myocarditis (9, 13.8%), and (16, 24.6%) have multi-organ dysfunction. patients with raised transaminases (> 180 IU/L) have a 3.7 to 4.1 times greater chance of developing severity. Thrombocytopenia is found to be another independent predictor of severe scrub typhus in our study.

Interpretation & conclusion:
Clinical signs of hepatomegaly, skin rash, and lymphadenopathy were significant predictors of severity. Delays in treatment are a key contributor to the severity of pediatric scrub typhus.
The Psychological Effect of Masks Following COVID-19 and the Desire for Facial Cosmetic Procedures: A Cross-sectional Study
Authors: Alsulami Osama A. , Alsuayri Razan A. , Alrashed Hatim , Hibili Nawal Hussain Madani , Alkhudairy Abdulaziz Ibrahim M. , Abu Alqam Rakan , Fadel Zahir T. 
Published: November 2024

Abstract

Background:
The coronavirus disease (COVID-19) pandemic has globally impacted public health with swift measures like mask-wearing. Previous outbreaks as well as the COVID-19 pandemic revealed the correlation between anxiety and social avoidance behaviors. However, the psychological impact of mask-wearing on individuals’ self-esteem and body image and its potential influence on the demand for facial cosmetic procedures remain uncertain.

Materials and Methods:
This cross-sectional study, conducted in Saudi Arabia, employed a questionnaire-based design. Data was collected via an online self-administered survey with a non-probability, convenient sampling technique. It included sections on demographics, face mask usage, body image, self-esteem, body appreciation, and facial cosmetic procedures. Two validated scales were used for assessment: “Rosenberg Self-esteem Scale (RSES)” and “The 10-item Body Appreciation Scale-2 (BAS-2).”

Results:
A total of 1213 participants were included. The majority of the participants were female (81.9%). In relation to the effects of prolonged mask use, more respondents reported no change in their self-esteem (62.4%), self-consciousness regarding body image (55.3%), and body image satisfaction (61.9%). Participants who were unaffected by prolonged mask use on their body image had higher BAS-2 scores (median = 43.0, interquartile range = 31.0–50.0; P < 0.001). A total of 637 (52.5%) participants expressed a desire for non-surgical cosmetic enhancement, with fillers or Botox being popular choices among 43.2% of participants.

Conclusion:
The study found that wearing masks for extended periods had no negative effects on participants’ perceptions of confidence or body image. However, our study indicated that those with lower BAS-2 and RSES scores were more willing to consider surgical facial cosmetic procedures done in order to improve their appearance.
The Prevalence of Migraine among Patients with Nasal Obstruction
Authors: Fageeh Yahya Ahmed , Alqurashi Marah I. , Alharthi Taif S. , Alharthi Shatha F. , Alzahrani Manar M. , Asiri Mohammed Y. , Al-Rasheedi Abdullah N. 
Published: November 2024

Abstract

Background:
Nasal obstruction is a common health issue that often coexists with headaches, particularly migraines, impacting the quality of life and overall health of affected individuals. The association between nasal obstruction and migraine has been suggested in previous studies, emphasizing the need for further investigation.

Objectives:
This study aimed to evaluate the prevalence, pattern, and risk factors for migraine headaches among individuals with nasal obstruction and to assess the impact of nasal obstruction on migraine frequency and severity.

Methods:
A cross-sectional survey was conducted in Taif City, Saudi Arabia, to compare the proportion of patients with nasal obstruction who reported having migraine headaches to that of patients who did not. This research was performed on adult participants with nasal obstruction symptoms from May 2023 to July 2023. Data were collected through an online questionnaire that assessed sociodemographic characteristics, nasal obstruction symptoms using the nasal obstruction symptom evaluation Scale, and migraine history using the migraine screen questionnaire. The data were analyzed using IBM SPSS version 22.

Results:
Among a total of 572 participants with nasal obstruction included in the study, 40.7% experienced migraine, and 64.5% reported headaches lasting longer than 4 h. There were significant associations between migraines and troublesome nasal breathing, sleep disturbances, and difficulty breathing through the nose during exercise or exertion.

Conclusions:
The study findings support the link between nasal obstruction and migraines, with a high incidence of migraines among individuals with nasal obstruction. This study provides valuable insights into the prevalence and impact of migraines among patients with nasal obstruction. These findings underscore the need for improved diagnosis, management, and quality of life for individuals affected by nasal obstruction and migraines.
Lessons from Magnetic Resonance Defecography in Obstructed Defecation Syndrome: A Cornerstone for Adequate Surgical Planning
Authors: Ferreira-Santos Rui , Gonçalves Rafaela Brás , Marques Isabel , Pereira Carlos Costa , Martins Sandra , Pereira Joaquim Costa 
Published: November 2024

Abstract

Background:
Obstructed defecation syndrome (ODS) is associated with both anatomical and functional pelvic floor abnormalities. Magnetic resonance defecography (MRD) is a dynamic imaging technique that plays a crucial role in assessing these anatomical defects and understanding their contribution to ODS.

Objectives:
Evaluate MRD findings in patients with ODS and discuss how these findings impact surgical treatment strategies.

Design:
Retrospective observational study.

Patients and Methods:
This study included all women diagnosed with ODS who underwent surgical intervention between March 2018 and December 2022. MRD findings analyzed included perineal descent, cystocele, central compartment prolapse, rectocele, rectal intussusception, enterocele, and pelvic floor dyssynergia. Organ prolapses were evaluated at maximal strain. Association between different pelvic floor defects were analyzed.

Main Outcome Measure:
Rate of pelvic floor defects observed on MRD in patients with ODS.

Sample Size:
A total of 41 women were included.

Results:
Descending perineum and anterior rectocele were the most common abnormalities, observed in 38 (92.7%) patients. The third most common defect was cystocele, present in 37 (90.2%) patients. Rectal intussusception was identified in 33 (80.5%) patients. Central compartment prolapse was present in 30 (73.2%) patients, and enterocele was diagnosed in 18 (43.9%). The most common defect combination was perineal descent with simultaneous rectocele, observed in 36 (87.8%) patients. Among the 41 patients, 38 (92.7%) presented with bicompartmental prolapse. No patient presented with an isolated anatomical defect, as patients who did not have bicompartmental prolapse had posterior pelvic defects in association with descending perineum. Twenty-seven (65.9%) patients presented with tricompartmental prolapse. Patients with central compartment prolapse had the highest rate of associated tricompartmental prolapse (90.0%). Only four (9.8%) patients presented with pelvic floor dyssynergia.

Conclusion:
ODS is a multifactorial constipation syndrome associated with the coexistence of multiple compartment anatomical defects. None of the patients presented with a single abnormality, highlighting the importance of simultaneously assessing all pelvic floor defects.

Limitations:
Due to its retrospective nature, this study has inherent limitations primarily related to data collection.

Conflict of Interest:
None.