bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Antidiarrheal Activity of The Combination of Ethanol Extracts of Turmeric Rhizomes, Gall oak Leaves, Guava Leaves and Meniran Herbs
Authors: Wijaya Sumi , Soegianto Lisa 
Published: July 2018

Diarrheal disease is an endemic disease in Indonesia and also a potential disease that can cause death. In practice, the use of traditional medicines derived from plants still being considered by society due to its viability, economic factors and safety reasons. Several plants worked as antidiarrheal agents with the mechanism actions of (1) antibacterial (inhibited the growth of Escherichia coli, Shigella dysenteriae, Shigella flexneri, Staphylococcus aureus and Salmonella Typhi); (2) reduced the contraction of intestinal as results in the reduction of pain and the reduction of frequency of defecation or; (3) both mechanism of actions. Thus the purpose of the present study is to evaluate antidiarrheal activity of the combination of plant extracts which have been proved to have antidiarrheal activity. Turmeric (Curcuma domestica) rhizomes, gall oak (Quercus lusitanica) leaves, guava (Psidium guajava) leaves and meniran (Phyllanthus niruri) herbs were used for this combination. The purpose of this combination was to minimize the doses (based on literature reviews turmeric at 5% and Meniran 10% inhibited the growth of Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus, meanwhile guava leaves at 150 mg/kg BW and gall oak leaves at 10% reduced diarrhea in animal tested). Maceration was chosen for the extraction method using ethanol 96% as the solvent. Protection and transit intestinal method with loperamide HCl as comparison drug and castor oil for the induction of diarrhea were used for antidiarrheal activity, meanwhile diffusion and dilution methods using, inhibition zones, minimum inhibition concentration and minimum bactericidal concentration parameters were used for antibacterial activity. Tetracycline HCl with the concentration of 30 µg was used for the control. The results revealed that the combination of plant extract with the doses of 200 mg/KgBW (1:1:1:1) reduced diarrhea in mice with relaxation of smooth muscle and showed weak antibacterial effects on Eschericia coli and Staphylococcus aureus but strongly inhibited the growth of Salmonella Typhi.
Konsumsi Ekstrak Secang (Caesalpinia sappan L.) Terhadap Volume Urin Tikus Putih Jantan Galur Spraque Dawley
Authors: Pertamawati Pertamawati , Sriningsih Sriningsih , Fahrudin Fahri , Efendi Julham 
Published: July 2018

Secara empiris secang (Caesalpinia sappan L.) dimanfaatkan sebagai bahan untuk mengatasi penyakit, namun bagaimana pengaruhnya terhadap pengeluaran urin belum diketahui. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh konsumsi ekstrak secang terhadap pengeluaran urin. Percobaan dilakukan terhadap hewan coba tikus putih jantan galur Spraque dawley dengan sampel uji ekstrak etanol 96% kulit kayu secang. Hewan coba dibagi dalam 7 kelompok, masing-masing terdiri dari 6 ekor, yaitu kelompok normal, kelompok positif (Furosemide 10mg/200g BB), kelompok negatif (air 2ml/200g BB), kelompok sampel uji dosis I (62.5 mg/kg BB), dosis II (125mg/kg BB), dosis III (250mg/kg BB) dan dosis IV (500mg/kg BB), tigapuluh menit setelah pemberian sampel uji, hewan coba diberi air minum 4ml/200g BB dilakukan melalui sonde lambung, selanjutnya hewan coba dimasukkan ke dalam kandang metabolit selama 16 jam (overnight). Hewan coba dengan dosis II menghasilkan volume urin paling besar (8.00 mL) yaitu hampir dua kali lipat dibandingkan urin yang dihasilkan oleh kelompok normal (4.50 mL) Volume urin berkurang jika konsumsi ekstrak secang bertambah pada dosis III dan IV. Disimpulkan bahwa hewan coba yang diberi ekstrak kulit secang dengan dosis 125 mg/kg BB (dosis II) rata-rata mampu mengeluarkan urin lebih banyak daripada hewan coba dalam kelompok lainnya.
Editorialboard dan Kelengkapan Jurnal
Authors: Rafi Mohamad 
Published: July 2018

Puji dan syukur kami ucapkan kepada Tuhan Yang Maha Esa berkat rahmat dan hidayahNya, Jurnal Jamu Indonesia Volume 3 No 1 dapat diterbitkan. Redaksi mengucapkan terima kasih kepada seluruh penulis atas partisipasinya dalam berbagi hasil penelitiannya melalui publikasi di Jurnal Jamu Indonesia. Jurnal ini merupakan media untuk diseminasi hasil penelitian yang berkaitan dengan jamu di Indonesia.
Naskah dalam edisi ini membahas berbagai tumbuhan obat tradisional untuk pengujian terhadap suatu aktivitas. Ekstrak metanol Rhizopora apiculata sebagai biosensor penghambatan aktivitas tirosinase menggunakan elektrode pasta karbon termodifikasi ferosena dan zeolit, aktivitas yoghurt kacang komak (Lablab Purpureus (L.) Sweet) sebagai antihiperglikemia, dan aktivitas formulasi biji jarak pagar dan pare terhadap spermatogenesis pada tikus wistar. Selain itu, peningkatan kandungan kurkumin pada tumbuhan temulawak juga diamati serta formulasi jamu baru yang memiliki efek hipoglikemik, menentukan toksisitas, dan profil kimia jamu dengan metode statistika dan machine learning.
Kontribusi publikasi peneliti-peneliti dan pejuang Jamu Indonesia terus kami harapkan untuk dapat disampaikan di dalam Jurnal Jamu Indonesia ini. Semoga jurnal ini senantiasa dapat menjadi fasilitas bagi para peneliti dan ilmuwan untuk memudahkan pendistribusian informasi ilmu pengetahuan mengenai jamu melalui tulisan-tulisan yang dapat dipublikasi. Semua hasil karya tersebut akan diarsipkan sebagai dokumentasi berharga demi terjaganya informasi yang dapat menjadi sumber pengembangan ilmu pengetahuan di masa depan.

Mohamad Rafi
Ketua Dewan Redaksi
Social engineering of human resources and provision of medical services on leadership styles in hospitals
Authors: Rosak-Szyrocka Joanna 
Published: July 2018

Abstract
Paper present impact of human resources issues as well as issues related to provision of medical services on leadership styles in hospitals in Poland. In this study a descriptive research design was used and a quantitative research was conducted, which was based on the so-called BOST methodology. Surveys were conducted among department heads of 10 public hospitals of various referral systems from the Upper-Silesian Agglomeration providing various types of medical services (which shows a large variety of research sample) operating in Poland. The research showed that both improtance of service provision as well as human resources were not as important as they should be.
Obtaining of biomorphic composites based on carbon materials
Authors: Lisiecka Barbara , Bokůvka Otakar , Tański Tomasz , Krzemiński Łukasz , Jambor Michal 
Published: July 2018

Abstract
Aim of this paper is to present the properties of carbon preforms for the production of biomorphic composites. Carbon samples were obtained through pyrolysis of paulownia wood, replicating the microstructure of the cellulosic precursor. Many characterization methods such as Raman Spectroscopy, light microscopy, hardness tests and pore size analyzer detection were used to investigate the microstructure of the product as well as the pore size of carbon samples. Obtained results showed that the parts of early or late wood template play an important role in the pore size, specific surface area and pore volume of the product. This review aims to be a comprehensive description of the development of carbon chars: from wood templates and their microstructure to potential applications of biomorphic materials.
THE EFFECTIVENESS OF LEARNING PROGRAMS THROUGH BOY-BOYAN GAME TO DEPELOVE INTERPERSONAL AND INTRAPERSONAL INTELLIGENCE OF KINDERGARTEN STUDENTS KINDERGARTEN
Authors: Komala Komala 
Published: July 2018

The objectives of this research is to know the effectiveness of learning program through Boy-boyan Game (traditional game from West Java Indonesia) to develope interpersonal and intrapersonal intelegency of PHBS Kindergarten and NEO Mahardika Kindergarten students (TK). This research is motivated by the discovery of the potential development of interpersonal and intrapersonal intelligence of Kindergarten students which is not well developed and it’s need to be developed optimally by implementing learning programs Boyboyan game. To formulate the framework program and finding data as material preparation program, so in this study used quantitative approach with quasi experimental methods used against children in group B PHBS and NEO Mahardika that is consisting 20 students as control group 20 students as experiment group. The procedure consists of pre-field research, the implementation of the study, data analysis and reporting the result .Based on the research the researcher found the following result: First, the development of interpersonal and intrapersonal intelligence of kindergarten appeared to vary for each children. Second, the learning program found that the learning program through the traditional game formulations include: rational, goals, objectives and scopes. Third, learning programs through traditional games have a positive effectiveness to improve interpersonal and intrapersonal development of early childhood, from the average obtained that the average experimental group is greater than the control group. It means that interpersonal and intrapersonal intelligence grouped experiment better than the control group or in other words the treatment in the experimental group in the form of learning through traditional games effective in improving interpersonal and intrapersonal intelligence of children. Based on the findings of the above the recommendation of this research is aimed to teachers of kindergarten should enhance the program in accordance with the curriculum related to the themes of learning certain to develop learning activities both theoretical study and practical for children, so that children are able to develop intelligence prominent/dominant in him. For further research should apply the kind of game where the more dominant towards the development of a child's intelligence so that it will appear to optimally increase interpersonal or intrapersonal intelligence of children.
Современное состояние популяций редких видов макромицетов в окрестностях города Сыктывкара
Authors: Кириллов Д. В. , Паламарчук М. А. 
Published: July 2018

В статье приведены данные многолетнего мониторинга (2010-2016 гг.) состояния популяций семи редких видов макромицетов, занесенных в Красную книгу Республики Коми (2009), на территории 50-километровой пригородной зоны г. Сыктывкара: Sarcosoma globosum (Schmidel) Casp., Verpa bohemica (Krombh.) J. Schrоt., Gyromitra infula (Schaeff.) Quеl., Cortinarius violaceus (L.) Gray, Phaeolepiotaaurea (Matt.) Maire, Ganoderma lucidum (Curtis) P. Karst., Craterellus cornucopioides (L.) Pers. Состояние популяций модельных видов характеризуется как удовлетворительное. Существование в условиях повышенной антропогенной нагрузки, характерной для пригородных экосистем оказывает влияние на существование отдельных особей, но не имеет критического значения для популяций
Результаты интродукции рододендронов в Ботаническом саду Института биологии Коми НЦ УрО РАН
Authors: Мартынов Л. Г. 
Published: July 2018

Представлены результаты испытания большого числа таксонов рододендрона, интродуцированных в ботанический сад Института биологии Коми НЦ УрО РАН в течение последних 10 лет. Установлено, что многие виды без использования зимнего укрытия плохо растут и развиваются, часто обмерзают и, в конечном счете, погибают, поэтому культура рододендрона в северном регионе является малоперспективной для интродукции. Выявлены единичные виды, способные ежегодно давать прирост в высоту, цвести и плодоносить.
Состояние экспериментальных культур сосны скрученной в Республике Коми
Authors: Федорков А. Л. , Гутий Л. Н. 
Published: July 2018

Изложены результаты исследования четырех участков экспериментальных культур сосныскрученной в Республике Коми. В эксперименте представлено шесть происхождений сосны скрученной, выращенных из семян, заготовленных на лесосеменных плантациях Швеции, которые заложены по географическому принципу семенными потомствами плюсовых деревьев, отобранных в Канаде. Вкачестве контроля использовали семена сосны обыкновенной местного происхождения. Сосна скрученная превосходила сосну обыкновенную по объему ствола, однако доля стволов с дефектами у нее была выше. Установлена взаимосвязь показателей роста и качества ствола сосны скрученной с географической широтой происхождения материнских плюсовых деревьев в Канаде.
Evaluation of the Cytomorphometric Changes Observed in the Oral Mucosal Cells Exposed to Computed Tomography
Authors: Srii Ritesh 
Published: July 2018

Background:Radiography forms an important as well as an integral part of diagnosis which is used in various fields of medical and dental services to give an appropriate diagnosis. But, diagnostic radiations also induce some amount of damage to the cell at cytogenetic levels, depending on the dosage of the radiation administered. Objective:The objective of the present study was to observe the cytomorphometric changes in the buccal mucosa of patients who were exposed to computed tomography.Materials and methods:Study sample consisted of 15 patients who were exposed to Computed Tomography prior to treatment planning for placement of dental implants. Buccal mucosal smears were obtained pre and 10 days post radiation exposure by using a wooden tongue depressor and the contents were smeared on to clean glass slides and fixed using Biofix spray. Post fixation, these smears were stained using rapid PAP stain and viewed under compound microscope. Cytomorphometric analysis was performed using image ‘J’ software for 50 cells. Statistical analysis was done using SPSS software.Results: Cytomorphometric analysis of the buccal mucosal cells, did show variations in the nuclear and cellular parameters, but statistical significant results were obtained in case of nuclear diameter and nuclear area only suggesting genotoxic alterations following exposure to computed tomography.Conclusion: Oral buccal mucosal cells showed significant cytomorphometric changes in the nuclear parameters after exposure to X-rays during Computed Tomography. A longitudinal study consisting of a bigger sample size is required to evaluate the long-term effects of radiation on these buccal mucosa cells.Keywords: buccal mucosa; computed tomography; cytomorphometry; radiation.
A Study of Serum Ferritin Level in Female Patient with Alopecia
Authors: Pradhan Manish , Rai Dipa , Paudel Sagar 
Published: July 2018

ABSTRACTIntroduction: Total body iron store is an integral factor in the development of hair follicle. Numerous studies have been done seeking for the relationship between body iron store and various forms of chronic diffuse hair loss, with relatively contradictory findings in various reports in these studies. The main objective of this study is to find out if there is any association between total body iron store and various types of chronic diffuse hair loss in females in reproductive age.Materials and Methods: This is a hospital based case control study conducted in Nobel Medical College and Teaching Hospital, Biratnagar, Nepal. Sixty female patients of age group 15-50 years with chronic diffuse hair loss with equal number of age- and sex- matched controls were studied. Both of the study groups were evaluated for various parameters of iron status. Results: The mean value of serum ferritin in cases was significantly lower as compared to controls (p=0.018). Patients with alopecia areata (p=0.008) and androgenetic alopecia (p=0.021) had significantly lower serum ferritin, whereas there was no statistically significant difference in telogen effluvium and controls (p=0.857).The mean value of hemoglobin, hematocrit and mean corpuscular hemoglobin was found to be significantly lower in alopecia areata and androgenetic alopecia. However, there was no statistically significant difference in RBC indices of patients of telogen effluvium and controls.Conclusion: Diffuse chronic hair loss shows definite association with serum ferritin and various RBC indices in female of reproductive age group. Alopecia areata and androgenetic alopecia show major association with total body iron stores. Keywords: alopecia areata; androgenetic alopecia; serum ferritin; telogen effluvium.
Blood vitamins status in patients with stages 2-5 chronic kidney disease
Authors: Dudar I. , Gonchar Y. , Savchuk V. , Loboda O. 
Published: July 2018

Patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD) are prone to development hypovitaminosis due to dietary constraints, diseases of the gastrointestinal tract, comorbid conditions, etc. Determination of vitamins level in patients with CKD will allow timely correction of their deficiency, prevent the development of hypervitaminosis and reduce oxidative stress. The purpose of the study was to examine the level of vitamins depending on the stage of CKD.
Methods. Vitamin D levels (level 25-hydroxyvitamin D), A, E, B12, K, folic acid were determined in 44patients with CKD stages II-V(mean age 54,63 ± 2,63 years, 24 men 55%). According to the study, patients should not have received any drugs or biologically active additives containing vitamins for 3 months.
Results. There was no significant difference in the level of studied vitamins in CKD st. II-III. There was a significant decrease in the levels of vitamin K, folic acid, and vitamin D levels with the progression of CKD. Vitamin A levels in CKD st. IV, V compared to CKD st. II were significantly higher. Considering large number drugs containing vitamins and trace elements and wide uncontrolled use in the population, in particular in patients with CKD, it is important to continue to study the levels of vitamins and trace elements in patients at different stages of the CKD, depending on the CKD nosology. Study of efficiency and safety applying vitamins in patients with CKD, particularly in the late stages of CKD, are appropriate.
Conclusions. For patients with CKD characteristic of vitamins deficiency (in our study vitamin K, folic acid), but also an increase in their levels (vitamins A and E). Progression of CKD is accompanied by a change in the levels of vitamins. A significant decrease in the level of vitamin K, folic acid, vitamin D was notedfor patients with GFR <30 ml/min/1.73 m2.
Collegiate Recovery Students and Programs: Literature Review from 1988-2017
Authors: Brown Austin , Ashford Robert , Heller Anne Thompson , Whitney Jason , Kimball Thomas 
Published: July 2018

Objectives: To present a review of the existing research on college students living in recovery, including the research on students in recovery participating in collegiate recovery programs.
Methods: Studies were included if they: a) were peer-reviewed or archived dissertations, b) were published between 1988 and 2017, c) directly involved students in recovery on campus, either with or without involvement in a collegiate recovery program.
Results: From 1988 to 2017, 25 studies met the inclusion criteria. These included 7 studies on students living in recovery within the general framework of higher education and 18 studies involving students in collegiate recovery programs. Qualitative reports and quantitative descriptive studies were both included.
Conclusions: Findings identify the gaps in currently available research, and support rationale for increasing longitudinal and quantitative studies of collegiate recovery programs and the students they serve.
Health Information Systems – from Present to Future?
Authors: Haux Reinhold 
Published: July 2018

SummaryThis article is part of the Focus Theme of Methods of Information in Medicine on the German Medical Informatics Initiative. Funded by the German Federal Ministry of Education and Research with about 150 million Euro in its currently starting development and networking phase this initiative has already a significant impact on the development of health information systems in Germany. In this Focus Theme two editorials introduce this initiative, one from the viewpoint of its funding institution and one from the initiative’s accompanying institutions. Then the initiative’s four consortia DIFUTURE (Data Integration for Future Medicine), HiGHmed (Heidelberg-Göttingen-Hannover Medical Informatics), MIRACUM (Medical Informatics in Research and Care in University Medicine), and SMITH (Smart Medical Information Technology for Healthcare) present their concepts and plans. For better readability their manuscripts all contain three major sections on governance and policies, on architectural framework and methodology, and on use cases. As the German Medical Informatics Initiative is a large national experiment, we are convinced that communicating on this initiative already at this early stage to an international audience is of importance.
La démocratie, au cœur de l’identité européenne ?
Authors: Husson-Rochcongar Céline 
Published: July 2018

Qu’il s’agisse d’élections ou de protection des droits fondamentaux, mais aussi de réforme institutionnelle, de gestion budgétaire, de questions numériques ou environnementales, la démocratie est au cœur de l’Europe – ou, tout au moins, au cœur des discours sur l’Europe. Elle y occupe cependant une position ambiguë. Présente sous la plume des « Pères fondateurs », et figurant à ce titre dans les préambules des instruments conventionnels depuis la création de chacun des deux systèmes juridiques, elle se voit de plus en plus fréquemment réaffirmée comme essentielle au projet européen et la Cour européenne des droits de l’homme n’hésite pas à la présenter comme « unique modèle politique envisagé par la Convention et, partant, le seul qui soit compatible avec elle » ( Parti Communiste Unifié de Turquie , 1998). Pourtant, parallèlement, les reproches se multiplient à l’encontre d’institutions accusées de n’être pas elles-mêmes suffisamment démocratiques pour porter légitimement une telle ambition, voire pour empêcher le développement de mouvements jugés anti-démocratiques. Ce paradoxe n’est toutefois qu’apparent car l’identité européenne réside justement dans une volonté de faire rayonner une certaine conception de la démocratie. Ainsi, le décalage observé entre cet intérêt essentiel porté à la démocratie et un ensemble de problèmes fréquemment analysés comme autant d’éléments d’une « crise » de la démocratie européenne révèle surtout les difficultés contemporaines auxquelles se trouve confrontée une Europe qui se conçoit avant tout comme un modèle politique reposant sur le droit. En interrogeant à la fois l’existence d’une « identité européenne » et le rapport de cette identité à la démocratie, il faut alors distinguer le discours sur la démocratie de sa mise en œuvre concrète : la valorisation de la démocratie fournit à l’Europe un moyen d’affirmer son identité en cherchant à faire rayonner son modèle politique et, en retour, le respect des exigences démocratiques constitue la condition essentielle de préservation de cette identité.
L’État illibéral dans l’Union européenne, essai de conceptualisation
Authors: Macovei Oana Andreea 
Published: July 2018

Peut-on aller au-delà du discours politique et esquisser les contours juridiques de l’« État illibéral » dans l’Union européenne ? La multiplication des mesures attentatoires aux valeurs européennes dans différents États membres de l’Union indique une érosion de l’intérieur de la démocratie libérale. La consolidation de l’illibéralisme peut ainsi entraîner une véritable mutation de l’État et soulève des questionnements tant sur son intégration dans le constitutionnalisme européen, qu’au regard de son appartenance à l’Union.