bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The Radio Sky at Meter Wavelengths: m-mode Analysis Imaging with the OVRO-LWA
Authors: Eastwood Michael W. , Anderson Marin M. , Monroe Ryan M. , Hallinan Gregg , Barsdell Benjamin R. , Bourke Stephen A. , Clark M. A. , Ellingson Steven W. , Dowell Jayce , Garsden Hugh , Greenhill Lincoln J. , Hartman Jacob M. , Kocz Jonathon , Lazio T. Joseph W. , Price Danny C. , Schinzel Frank K. , Taylor Gregory B. , Vedantham Harish K. , Wang Yuankun , Woody David P. 
Published: June 2018

Abstract
A host of new low-frequency radio telescopes seek to measure the 21 cm transition of neutral hydrogen from the early universe. These telescopes have the potential to directly probe star and galaxy formation at redshifts 20 ≳ z ≳ 7 but are limited by the dynamic range they can achieve against foreground sources of low-frequency radio emission. Consequently, there is a growing demand for modern, high-fidelity maps of the sky at frequencies below 200 MHz for use in foreground modeling and removal. We describe a new wide-field imaging technique for drift-scanning interferometers: Tikhonov-regularized m-mode analysis imaging. This technique constructs images of the entire sky in a single synthesis imaging step with exact treatment of wide-field effects. We describe how the CLEAN algorithm can be adapted to deconvolve maps generated by m-mode analysis imaging. We demonstrate Tikhonov-regularized m-mode analysis imaging using the Owens Valley Radio Observatory Long Wavelength Array (OVRO-LWA) by generating eight new maps of the sky north of δ = −30° with 15′ angular resolution at frequencies evenly spaced between 36.528 and 73.152 MHz and ∼800 mJy beam−1 thermal noise. These maps are a 10-fold improvement in angular resolution over existing full-sky maps at comparable frequencies, which have angular resolutions ≥2°. Each map is constructed exclusively from interferometric observations and does not represent the globally averaged sky brightness. Future improvements will incorporate total power radiometry, improved thermal noise, and improved angular resolution due to the planned expansion of the OVRO-LWA to 2.6 km baselines. These maps serve as a first step on the path to the use of more sophisticated foreground filters in 21 cm cosmology incorporating the measured angular and frequency structure of all foreground contaminants.
Size Distribution of Small Hilda Asteroids∗
Authors: Terai Tsuyoshi , Yoshida Fumi 
Published: June 2018

Abstract
We present the size distribution for the Hilda asteroid group using optical survey data obtained by the 8.2 m Subaru Telescope with the Hyper Suprime-Cam. Our unbiased sample consists of 91 Hilda asteroids (Hildas) down to 1 km in diameter. We found that the Hildas’ size distribution can be approximated by a single-slope power law in the ∼1−10 km diameter range with the best-fit power-law slope of α = 0.38 ± 0.02 in the differential absolute magnitude distribution. Directly comparing the size distribution of Hildas with that of the Jupiter Trojans measured from the same data set indicates that the two size distributions are similar to each other within a diameter of ∼10 km, while these shapes are distinguishable from that of main-belt asteroids. The results suggest that Hildas and Jupiter Trojans share a common origin and have a different formation environment from main-belt asteroids. The total number of the Hilda population larger than 2 km in diameter is estimated to be ∼1 × 104 based on the size distribution, which is less than that of the Jupiter Trojan population by a factor of about five.
Measurement Process and Inversions Using Helioseismic Normal-mode Coupling
Authors: Hanasoge Shravan 
Published: June 2018

Abstract
Normal modes are coupled by the presence of perturbations in the Sun, providing a novel and underappreciated helioseismic technique with which to image the solar interior. The process of measuring coupling between normal modes is straightforward, much more so when compared with other prevalent helioseismic techniques. The theoretical framework to interpret these measurements is well developed with the caveat that it applies only in the case where the entire surface of the Sun is observed. In practice, however, the limited visibility of the Sun and line-of-sight-related effects diminish the resolution of the technique. Here, we compute realistic sensitivities of normal-mode coupling measurements to flows in the solar interior and describe how to mitigate the sometimes-overwhelming effect of leakage. The importance of being able to isolate individual spherical harmonics and observe the full Sun, to which future solar observatories may aspire, is thus highlighted in our results. In the latter part of the article, we describe the noise model for the variance of coupling coefficients, a critical component to the process of inference.
Polarization of Trappist-1 by the Transit of Its Planets
Authors: Sengupta Sujan 
Published: June 2018

Abstract
Being the first, and currently the only, multiple planet hosting dwarf star that is sufficiently cool to form condensate clouds in its atmosphere, Trappist-1 provides a unique opportunity to test the efficiency of image polarimetry as a tool to detect and characterize exoplanets around L- and late M-dwarfs and exomoons around directly imaged self-luminous giant exoplanets. Although scattering of light by atmospheric dust particles should produce a significant amount of linear polarization in the far optical and near infrared, the disk-averaged net detectable polarization of the star must be zero owing to spherical symmetry. However, the transit of its planets would give rise to significant asymmetry and produce phase-dependent polarization with the peak polarization occurring at the inner contact points of planetary transit ingress and egress epochs. Adopting the known stellar and planetary physical parameters and employing a self-consistent cloudy atmosphere model of the M8 dwarf star, the transit polarization profiles and the expected amount of polarization of Trappist-1 during the transit phase of each individual planet, as well as that during the simultaneous transit of two planets, are presented in this paper. It is emphasized that the amount of polarization expected is within the detection limit of a few existing facilities. If polarization is detected confirming the prediction, time-resolved image polarimetry will emerge as a potential tool to detect and characterize small planets around cloudy ultra-cool dwarfs.
Sowing Black Hole Seeds: Direct Collapse Black Hole Formation with Realistic Lyman–Werner Radiation in Cosmological Simulations
Authors: Dunn Glenna , Bellovary Jillian , Holley-Bockelmann Kelly , Christensen Charlotte , Quinn Thomas 
Published: June 2018

Abstract
We study the birth of supermassive black holes from the direct collapse process and characterize the sites where these black hole seeds form. In the pre-reionization epoch, molecular hydrogen (H2) is an efficient coolant, causing gas to fragment and form Population III stars, but Lyman–Werner radiation can suppress H2 formation and allow gas to collapse directly into a massive black hole. The critical flux required to inhibit H2 formation, J
crit, is hotly debated, largely due to the uncertainties in the source radiation spectrum, H2 self-shielding, and collisional dissociation rates. Here, we test the power of the direct collapse model in a self-consistent, time-dependant, nonuniform Lyman–Werner radiation field—the first time such has been done in a cosmological volume—using an updated version of the Smooth Particle Hydrodynamics (SPH)+N-body tree code Gasoline with H2 nonequilibrium abundance tracking, H2 cooling, and a modern SPH implementation. We vary J
crit from 30 to 103 in units of J
21 to study how this parameter impacts the number of seed black holes and the type of galaxies that host them. We focus on black hole formation as a function of environment, halo mass, metallicity, and proximity of the Lyman–Werner source. Massive black hole seeds form more abundantly with lower J
crit thresholds, but regardless of J
crit, these seeds typically form in halos that have recently begun star formation. Our results do not confirm the proposed atomic cooling halo pair scenario; rather, black hole seeds predominantly form in low-metallicity pockets of halos that already host star formation.
Géographie de la pauvreté et de la précarité dans les zones rurales de moyenne montagne
Authors: Reynès Jean 
Published: June 2018

Si la pauvreté rurale est un objet qui a retenu l’attention des sciences humaines et sociales, elle n’a que rarement été explicitement travaillée comme telle par les géographes. Cette position de recherche entend préciser comment les caractéristiques des espaces ruraux et les contraintes de la moyenne montagne spécifient les situations de pauvreté et de précarité qui s’y déploient ; ces interactions entre contexte géographique et condition sociale sont loin d’avoir toujours la même allure.
L’art-thérapie en soutien et complément… à l’accompagnement éducatif et psychologique de mineurs étrangers en situation de précarité
Authors: Gourmelon Marie 
Published: June 2018

Hors la rue est une association qui accueille des enfants étrangers les plus éloignés de toute protection sur le territoire francilien. Ces jeunes peuvent être isolés ou mal accompagnés, en situation de rue, d’errance, d’exploitation. L’expérience de la précarité et de l’exclusion engendre une souffrance psychosociale et nuit à leur bon développement. L’absence de reconnaissance sociale, la stigmatisation, et le vécu migratoire, bouleversent profondément ces adolescents dans leur construction identitaire. La dévalorisation de l’estime de soi et l’altération de la confiance en soi perturbent l’acquisition de nouvelles compétences ou connaissances. Freinés dans leur épanouissement, ces enfants se désinvestissent également de leur corps. Les ateliers d’art-thérapie mis en place auprès de ces jeunes leur ont permis de retrouver du plaisir à ressentir et une image d’eux-mêmes positive. La proposition d’art-thérapie, outre le soin, consiste en une aide complémentaire au travail éducatif en permettant de soutenir le travail d’accroche, de médiation et d’évaluation. Ainsi, le rôle de l’art-thérapeute dans une équipe pluridisciplinaire est transversal. Propice à créer du lien social, l’art-thérapie peut jouer un rôle dans l’intégration sociale de personnes dites « exclues ».
Le jeu, le groupe, la scène… : prise de risques et/ou planche(s) de salut ? Un dispositif de médiation théâtrale pour adolescents et jeunes adultes
Authors: Sevilla Nathalie , Mahyeux Dominique 
Published: June 2018

Cet entretien propose, au fil d’une conversation fructueuse, de questionner la dimension thérapeutique de la médiation théâtrale, au regard du libre parcours d’une metteure en scène et professeure d’art dramatique, laquelle a développé ce médium en direction d’adolescents et de jeunes adultes en difficulté. Tissage minutieux et regard expert qui, au cours de la rencontre singulière et foisonnante avec ce public, exhaussent le potentiel structurel du théâtre à mettre en mouvement corps et psyché. Une échappée belle à laquelle l’auteur, psychologue clinicienne nous convie, au vif de ce qui se joue pour le sujet entre fiction et réel, identifications et création, désir et émotions. Ce faire-semblant sur les planches deviendrait-il par la grâce du jeu (je), de la rencontre de l’autre et de l’adresse au public conjuguées, la scène de tous les possibles ?
Constructing Writing Practices in Nursing
Authors: Mitchell Kim M. 
Published: June 2018

Background:
Although the quality of student writing is often lamented by faculty, writing instruction is an area of nursing education that has received little attention. Nursing programs rarely teach writing from a disciplinary perspective, and promoting the drilling of basic skills, such as grammar, has failed to engage student writers.

Method:
A critical examination of the history of writing research, the nursing academic context, and the epistemology of writing as meaning making will provide the rationale behind a need for a new perspective on nurses' writing.

Results:
A model to support socially constructed writing is proposed, which explores the writer's identity, relational aspects of writing, creative and emotional knowing, and the writing context.

Conclusion:

This article continues the conversation about re-visioning and enhancing the value of writing within the nursing profession. The knowledge created while writing can contribute to stimulating thinking, decision making in practice, and identity formation of nurses. [
J Nurs Educ.
2018;57(7):399–407.]
Exploring the Student Peer Mentor's Experience in a Nursing Peer Mentorship Program
Authors: Vandal Nadine , Leung Katerina , Sanzone Lia , Filion Françoise , Tsimicalis Argerie , Lang Ariella 
Published: June 2018

Background:
The mentor's role is often underreported in the literature. Given the pivotal role peer mentors play in mentorship efforts, the current study sought to explore the experiences and perceptions of peer mentors enrolled in a university-affiliated, nursing student, peer mentorship program.

Method:
A qualitative descriptive design was conducted using purposive and snowball sampling techniques. A one-time interview was conducted with participants using a semistructured interview guide. Inductive thematic content analysis occurred concurrently with data collection.

Results:
Eight mentors participated revealing four major themes: Doing What I Wish Someone Had Done for Me, Initial Face-to-Face Contact Is Key, Being Thrown to the Wind, and Practicing What I Will Use as a Nurse.

Conclusion:

Aspects of self-directed learning may benefit future careers for student peer mentors. Opportunities for program enhancement include coping and communication skills for peer mentors. Future “scaled-up” evaluations are needed for ongoing quality improvements using multimethod approaches. [
J Nurs Educ.
2018;57(7):422–425.]
Development and Assessment of an Interprofessional Education Simulation to Promote Collaborative Learning and Practice
Authors: Iverson Lindsay , Bredenkamp Nancy , Carrico Cathy , Connelly Susan , Hawkins Kim , Monaghan Michael S. , Malesker Mark 
Published: June 2018

Background:
We designed an interprofessional education (IPE) clinical simulation that paired nurse practitioner and pharmacy students. The objective was to evaluate the effect on attitudes of interprofessional collaborative learning and practice.

Method:
Perceptions were assessed using the Student Perceptions of Interprofessional Clinical Education-Revised instrument and reflection questions that assessed the simulation's effectiveness in requiring team knowledge and experience from each profession whether the experience improved individual student clinical performance, and how this team approach influenced patient outcomes.

Results:
Students believed that working with another health profession was educationally beneficial and should be a required experience; they also believed that this collaboration improved patient outcomes and satisfaction. Responses also indicated student ambiguity about their role in interprofessional care, and that clinical rotations were not the ideal setting for first professional interactions with others.

Conclusion:

Students expressed satisfaction and increased awareness of the importance of collaboration to ensure patient safety. Increasing interprofessional education experiences prior to clinical rotations should be considered. [
J Nurs Educ.
2018;57(7):426–429.]
Estimación del grado de severidad de incendios en el sur de la provincia de Buenos Aires, Argentina, usando Sentinel-2 y su comparación con Landsat-8
Authors: Delegido J. , Pezzola A. , Casella A. , Winschel C. , Urrego E. P. , Jimenez J. C. , Sobrino J. A. , Soria G. , Moreno J. 
Published: June 2018

<p>Assessment of rural fire severity is fundamental to evaluate fire damages and to analyze recovery processes in a low-cost and efficient way. Burnt areas covering shrubs and grasslands were estimated in more than 30,000 km<sup>2</sup> in Argentina from December 2016 to January 2017. The study area presented in this work is located in the South of the Buenos Aires province, and it covers a semiarid area with the presence of xerophilous shrubs and grasslands. This is one of the most abundant ecosystem in Central and Southern Argentina. Field campaigns were carried out over the area affected by the fire in order to georreference the burnt plots and characterized the fire severity in 5 levels. The objective of this work is to analyze the feasibility of new satellites Sentinel-2 for fire studies, as well as provide a comparison to Landsat-8 derived results, because this mission has been one of the most used in it. Pre-fire and postfire Sentinel-2 and Landsat-8 imagery were used to analyze different band combinations to compute a Normalized Difference Spectral Index (NDSI), as well as the difference of this index before and after the fire (dNDSI). Results show a significant correlation (R<sup>2</sup> =0.72 and estimation error of 0.77) between dNDSI derived from Sentinel-2 and the severity levels obtained in the field campaign using bands 8a and 12 (NIR and SWIR), the same bands as used in the Normalized Burn Ratio (NBR). Moreover, results derived from Sentinel-2 are better than results derived from Landsat-8 (R<sup>2</sup> =0.63 and estimation error of 0.92). Furthermore, it is observed that the correlation is improved when Sentinel-2 bands 6 and 5 (located in the Red-Edge region) are considered (R<sup>2</sup> =0.74 and estimation error of 0.76). An inverse correlation has been observed between the recovery of vegetation four months after the fire and the fire severity level.</p>
Competencia digital en los planes de estudios de universidades públicas españolas
Authors: Peirats Chacón J. , Marín Suelves D. , Granados Saiz J. , Morote Blanco D. 
Published: June 2018

<p>La incorporación masiva de los recursos tecnológicos en las aulas de los centros de infantil y primaria es una realidad evidente desde hace unos años, gracias a planes estatales como Escuela 2.0 o autonómicos como EducaMadrid o los Centros Educativos Inteligentes en la Comunidad Valenciana. Y aunque mucho se ha escrito en los últimos tiempos acerca de la competencia digital y la formación inicial del profesorado en las universidades públicas, es necesario seguir indagando y reflexionando sobre su adecuación e implementación en una sociedad en continuo cambio tecnológico. Sobre este tema se pretende analizar, en estas líneas, los planes de estudio de los Grados de Magisterio de varias universidades públicas, tanto de España como de la Comunidad Valenciana. El fin último es conocer, describir y reflexionar sobre la formación inicial del profesorado en competencia digital, ya que serán próximamente los docentes que se ocupen de un alumnado nativo en tecnología. Los resultados del estudio muestran ciertas limitaciones en cuanto al total de créditos específicos sobre tecnologías de la información y la comunicación (TIC) y, por otra parte, la escasa presencia como transversal, en un número muy reducido de materias; exceptuando, obviamente, el alumnado de la mención en TIC. Por tanto, y a modo de conclusión, las posibilidades reales de mejorar la enseñanza y la adaptación a la nueva realidad social a través de las TIC quedan pendiente, en gran medida, de la voluntad de cada futuro docente, que deberá buscar una mayor formación fuera de las titulaciones oficiales analizadas.</p>
Leaf wax n-alkanes in modern plants and topsoils from eastern Georgia (Caucasus) – implications for reconstructing regional paleovegetation
Authors: Bliedtner Marcel , Schäfer Imke K. , Zech Roland , von Suchodoletz Hans 
Published: June 2018

Abstract. Long-chain n-alkanes originate from leaf waxes of higher terrestrial plants, they are relatively resistant against physical and chemical degradation and are preserved in sediment archives for at least millennial timescales. Since their homologue patterns discriminate between vegetation forms, they were increasingly used for paleovegetation reconstructions during the last years. However, before any robust interpretation of the long-chain n-alkane patterns in sediment archives, reference samples from modern vegetation and topsoil material should be investigated at a regional scale. Apart from some temperate and tropical regions, such systematic regional studies on modern plant and topsoil material are still largely lacking.To test the potential of leaf wax-derived n-alkane patterns for paleoenvironmental studies in the semi-humid to semi-arid central southern Caucasus region, we investigated the influence of different vegetation forms on the leaf wax n-alkane signal in modern plants and topsoil material (0–5 cm) from eastern Georgia. We sampled (i) sites with grassland/herbs that included steppe, cultivated grassland and meadows, and (ii) sites that are dominated by deciduous hornbeam forests.The results show that long-chain n-alkanes originate from leaf waxes of higher terrestrial plants and that their homologue pattern allow to discriminate between different vegetation forms: n-Alkanes derived from sites with grassland/herbs are mainly dominated by C31, while n-alkanes derived from sites with deciduous trees/shrubs show high abundances of C29. Thus, long-chain n-alkanes have a great potential when used for regional paleovegetation reconstructions. Moreover, the n-alkane distributions of the topsoils do not show correlations with mean annual temperatures and precipitation along the investigated transect. As degradation of organic matter can affect the leaf wax n-alkane distribution, we further present an updated end-member model that includes our results, accounts for degradation effects and enables semi-quantitative reconstructions of past vegetation changes in the central southern Caucasus region.
Geodynamic diagnostics, scientific visualisation and StagLab 3.0
Authors: Crameri Fabio 
Published: June 2018

Abstract. Today's geodynamic models can, often do and sometimes have to become very complex. Their underlying, increasingly elaborate numerical codes produce a growing amount of raw data. Post-processing such data is therefore becoming more and more important, but also more challenging and time-consuming. In addition, visualising processed data and results has, in times of coloured figures and a wealth of half-scientific software, become one of the weakest pillars of science, widely mistreated and ignored. Efficient and automated geodynamic diagnostics and sensible scientific visualisation preventing common pitfalls is thus more important than ever. Here, a collection of numerous diagnostics for plate tectonics and mantle dynamics is provided and a case for truly scientific visualisation is made. Amongst other diagnostics are a most accurate and robust plate-boundary identification, slab-polarity recognition, plate-bending derivation, surface-topography component splitting and mantle-plume detection. Thanks to powerful image processing tools and other elaborate algorithms, these and many other insightful diagnostics are conveniently derived from only a subset of the most basic parameter fields. A brand new set of scientific quality, perceptually uniform colour maps including devon, davos, oslo and broc is introduced and made freely available (http://www.fabiocrameri.ch/colourmaps, last access: 25 June 2018). These novel colour maps bring a significant advantage over misleading, non-scientific colour maps like rainbow, which is shown to introduce a visual error to the underlying data of up to 7.5 %. Finally, StagLab (http://www.fabiocrameri.ch/StagLab, last access: 25 June 2018) is introduced, a software package that incorporates the whole suite of automated geodynamic diagnostics and, on top of that, applies state-of-the-art scientific visualisation to produce publication-ready figures and movies, all in the blink of an eye and all fully reproducible. StagLab, a simple, flexible, efficient and reliable tool made freely available to everyone, is written in MATLAB and adjustable for use with geodynamic mantle convection codes.