bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The impact of direct and indirect taxes on economic growth: An empirical analysis related to Romania
Authors: Bâzgan Ramona - Mihaela 
Published: June 2018

Abstract
The purpose of this paper involved studying the impact of direct taxes and indirect taxes on the economic growth using an econometric Vector Autoregressive model (VAR) based on the statistical data related to Romania over the period of time 2009 (2nd quarter)-2017 (2nd quarter). Fiscal policy system involved a significant impact on the evolution of economic growth in the recent years in Romania, namely the years taken into consideration for this study. The econometric model used three endogenous variables, namely the level of direct taxes as percent of the Gross Domestic Product (%GDP), the level of indirect taxes as percent of the Gross Domestic Product (%GDP) and the economic growth rate over the analysed period of time. According to the econometric model presented in this paper, it was proved that a positive change in the structure of indirect taxes will have a strong positive influence on the economic growth over a medium-term period. On the other hand, economic growth will be negatively influenced in the next period of time after implementing a positive change in the structure of direct taxes, then returning to a positive influence over a medium term period and maintaining that influence in the future time periods.
Developing Value Proposition for Business Models of National Iranian Oil Companies
Authors: Khorshidi Mohammadreza 
Published: June 2018

Abstract
The Value proposition is one of the key aspects of a business model and plays a significant role in any business model. Nowadays, firms could be successful and even could be initiated, only when a value proposition of their business model is clarified precisely. There is a necessity for new studies in order to see whether National Oil Companies(NOCs) are promoting the proper business models that make them competitive. This research analyzes the value proposition and its influence on the NOC’s competitiveness and it supports to deliver the required products and services to their specific market segment and customers. The main objective of this research is to develop a value proposition for the business model of National Oil Companies(NOCs). This could enable firms to be more competitive in the oil industry, especially in the oil supply glut circumstance. In order to achieve this objective, the research methodology is based on the semi-structured interview with the main stakeholders in the oil industry which is NOCs. First, value propositions in the history of oil and gas industry are addressed in almost every decade, then five current or previous managers of National Iranian Oil Company are selected for the semi-structured interview to clarify the current market situation and eventually propose the desired value propositions for the business model of NOCs.
Product development models in the IT sector-From Waterfall to Agile Project Management Model s in the case of AVIRA SOFT S.R.L
Authors: Maassen Maria Alexandra 
Published: June 2018

Abstract
The digitalization process of the business activities has increased tremendously in the last fifty years, revolutionizing several fields of activity, such as communication, medicine, production, transport, as well as all aspects of the daily social, economic and political processes. Furthermore, the IT field has developed new ways of innovating, including new management models in the production field, that allow management of IT companies to become more customer-oriented in a dynamic competitive field. As technological progress is becoming present in every aspect of everyday life, the pressure for innovation and customer involvement represent the two main challenges of producing successful prototypes and final products for the IT market. The purpose of the present paper is to analyze two of the main product development business model trends in the IT field, namely Waterfall model and Agile model, the latest being an adapting strategy to increased customer requirements and the changing business environment. In order to ensure a practical approach the case study was based on the analysis of their implementation within the company Avira Soft S.R.L. The results of the study emphasized the benefits of using the Agile model at Avira Soft S.R.L starting with 2011 in comparison to the previous model of Waterfall product development. The relevance of the paper consists in the fact that the two models indicate how the IT product development business models are evolving depending on environmental factors and the need for continuous adaptation and innovation due to increased competition. The Agile model brought improvements of the Waterfall model, but also new challenges regarding the organizational culture, communication between members of the company and more pressure for continuous improvement. However these two models are an example of how the IT product development business models are evolving and they form a basis for future product development strategies.
UNDERSTANDING VIOLENCE: THE THERAPEUTIC RELATIONSHIP
Authors: Sanmartino Mary 
Published: June 2018

Acts of violence by individuals and terrorist groups have increased and continue to shock us. A better understanding is required to break the cycle of crime and punishment. A psychoanalytic perspective offers a window into the human psyche behind these atrocious acts. More recent treatment models reflect a more empathic understanding beyond the more aloof traditional Freudian perspective.
An International Conference in Belfast, Ireland met to discuss the origins and treatment of aggression and violence from a psychoanalytic perspective. The challenge was to overcome simplistic notions of good and evil with a better understanding. An important emphasis was to encourage the ability to think, to develop thought in place of action. Treatment of violent individuals is difficult and lengthy.
The social and political aspects of terrorism were discussed in the context of group psychology in which a regression to an earlier stage of development occurs. The individuals identify with the leader with dehumanization of the other. The group demands justice and retaliation to deal with feelings of shame and humiliation.
The Effect of Teaching Memory Strategies on Iranian EFL Learner’s Vocabulary Retention in Terms of learners’ Multiple Intelligences
Authors: Abbassi Adele , Hassaskhah Jaleh , Tahriri Abdorreza 
Published: June 2018

This study targeted to explore the effect of memory strategy on EFL learners’ vocabulary retention with a consideration of learners’ multiple intelligence. In this study, the memory strategy consisted of three parts of grouping, acronym and images. The participants of this study were 80 male and female EFL learners of intermediate level who underwent 12 hours of instruction in a language institute. They were chosen through convenience sampling and they then were randomly divided into an experimental group and a control group. The experimental group was directly taught how to implement memory strategies in learning vocabulary. A pre-test post-test control group design was carried out to collect the required data through vocabulary tests, memory strategy and multiple intelligence questionnaires. The results showed that the experimental group’s vocabulary retention statistically improved. Moreover, the relationship between MI and vocabulary retention of Iranian EFL learners was reported statistically significant. This positive relationship was particularly reported between existential MI, linguistic MI scores and spatial MI scores and vocabulary scores. The finding provided information on how to teach English vocabulary in EFL classes and also recommended that teachers exploit MI in the teaching processes. It also suggests that educators, learners, policy makers, material producers, and syllabus designers move from traditional-based approaches to more innovative ways of teaching vocabulary.
Surface chemistry, substrate, and topography guide the behavior of human articular chondrocytes cultured in vitro
Authors: Bergholt Natasja Leth , Foss Morten , Saeed Anwer , Gadegaard Nikolaj , Lysdahl Helle , Lind Martin , Foldager Casper Bindzus 
Published: June 2018

AbstractUnderstanding the behavior of chondrocytes in contact with artificial culture surfaces is becoming increasingly important in attaining appropriate ex vivo culture conditions of chondrocytes in cartilage regeneration. Chondrocyte transplantation‐based cartilage repair requires efficiently expanded chondrocytes, and the culture surface plays an important role in guiding the behavior of the cell. Micro‐ and nano‐engineered surfaces make it possible to modulate cell behavior. We hypothesized that the combined influence of topography, substrate, and surface chemistry may affect the chondrocyte culturing in terms of proliferation and phenotypic means. Human chondrocytes were cultured on polystyrene fabricated microstructures, flat polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS), or polystyrene treated with fibronectin or oxygen plasma and cultured for 1, 4, 7, and 10 days. The behavior of chondrocytes was evaluated by proliferation, viability, chondrogenic gene expression, and cell morphology. Contrary to our hypothesis, microstructures in polystyrene did not significantly influence the behavior of chondrocytes neither under normoxic‐ nor hypoxic conditions. However, changes in the substrate stiffness and surface chemistry were found to influence cell viability, gene expression, and morphology of human chondrocytes. Oxygen plasma treatment was the most important parameter followed by the softer substrate type PDMS. The findings indicate the culture of human chondrocytes on softer substratum and surface activation by oxygen plasma may prevent dedifferentiation and may improve chondrocyte transplantation‐based cartilage repair. © 2018 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Biomed Mater Res Part A: 106A: 2805–2816, 2018.
Successful Endovascular Treatment of Acute Thromboembolic Upper Limb Ischemia in a Patient with Atrial Fibrillation
Authors: Giusca Sorin , Schueler Melanie , Willersinn Eckhard , Korosoglou Grigorios 
Published: June 2018

AbstractAcute limb ischemia represents a medical emergency that requires prompt diagnosis and treatment to preserve the viability of the affected tissue. The majority of the ischemic events are thrombotic in nature, especially in patients with atrial fibrillation. To date, surgical thrombectomy is usually used for the treatment of acute thromboembolic upper limb ischemia. Herein, we present a case of an 88-year-old patient who presented with right upper limb pain, pulselessness, and paresthesia. Duplex sonography revealed thrombotic occlusion and the absence of flow in both the ulnar and radial arteries. Electrocardiogram exhibited atrial fibrillation with a heart rate of 88 bpm. Antegrade puncture of the brachial artery was performed, and digital subtraction angiography confirmed fresh occlusion of the ulnar and radial arteries with some residual flow in the accessory brachial artery. Thrombus aspiration using a 6-Fr Eliminate aspiration catheter (Terumo Interventional Systems, Eschborn, Germany) was repeatedly performed, resulting in thrombolysis in myocardial infarction (TIMI) III antegrade flow to the right hand, promptly filling of the palmar arch and retrograde filling of the ulnar artery. Pain and paresthesia immediately resolved without need for further pharmacological interventions. The patient was discharged without functional deficits of his right hand, and duplex sonography after 4 weeks and 6 months revealed triphasic flow of the brachial and radial arteries and retrograde flow of the ulnar artery.
CD38 contributes to human natural killer cell responses through a role in immune synapse formation
Authors: Gars Mathieu Le , Seiler Christof , Kay Alexander W. , Bayless Nicholas L. , Sola Elsa , Starosvetsky Elina , Moore Lindsay , Shen-Orr Shai S. , Aziz Natali , Khatri Purvesh , Dekker Cornelia L. , Swan Gary E. , Davis Mark M. , Holmes Susan , Blish Catherine A. 
Published: June 2018

AbstractNatural killer (NK) cells use a diverse array of activating and inhibitory surface receptors to detect threats and provide an early line of defense against viral infections and cancer. Here, we demonstrate that the cell surface protein CD38 is a key human NK cell functional receptor through a role in immune synapse formation. CD38 expression marks a mature subset of human NK cells with a high functional capacity. NK cells expressing high levels of CD38 display enhanced killing and IFN-γ secretion in response to influenza virus-infected and tumor cells. Inhibition of CD38 enzymatic activity does not influence NK cell function, but blockade of CD38 and its ligand CD31 abrogates killing and IFN-γ expression in response to influenza-infected cells. Blockade of CD38 on NK cells similarly inhibits killing of tumor cells. CD38 localizes and accumulates at the immune synapse between NK cells and their targets, and blocking CD38 severely abrogates the ability of NK cells to form conjugates and immune synapses with target cells. Thus, CD38 plays a critical role in NK cell immune synapse formation. These findings open new avenues in immunotherapeutic development for cancer and infection by revealing a critical role for CD38 in NK cell function.
Mother–infant skin‐to‐skin contact and mother–child interaction 9 years later
Authors: Bigelow Ann E. , Power Michelle , MacLean Kim , Gillis Doris , Ward Michelle , Taylor Carolyn , Berrigan Lindsay , Wang Xu 
Published: June 2018

AbstractThe study investigated the longitudinal relation between mother–infant skin‐to‐skin contact (SSC) and mother–child interactions in middle childhood. Mothers and their 9‐year‐old children (born full term), who participated in a SSC study in the children’s infancy, engaged in conversations about remembered emotional events in the children’s lives that were assessed on the Autobiographical Emotional Events Dialogue. Mothers and children who had been in the SSC group showed more engagement and reciprocity in the dialogues than mothers and children who had been in the control group. Mothers’ sensitive guidance of the dialogues mediated the effect of SSC grouping on the children’s cooperation and involvement in the conversations. A higher proportion of dyads from the SSC group, than the control group, were classified as emotionally matched. Mother–infant SSC set the mother–infant relationship on a positive developmental trajectory that was related to mother–child emotional engagement in middle childhood.
Kirkkoturvainstituution muotoutuminen Suomessa
Authors: Ahonen Talvikki 
Published: June 2018

Artikkeli käsittelee nykyaikaista kirkkoturvakäytäntöä ja sen institutionalisoitumista Suomessa kolmen edeltäneen vuosikymmenen aikana. Kirkkoturva on kristillisten seurakuntien soveltama toimintakeino, joilla ne pyrkivät estämään epävakaalla statuksella oleskelevan siirtolaisen karkotuksen maasta. Samalla kirkkoturvalla pyritään oleskelun laillistamiseen Suomessa. Tutkimuksen aineisto koostuu kirkkoturvatilanteissa mukana olleiden eri kirkkokuntien seurakuntien työntekijöiden puolistrukturoiduista teemahaastatteluista sekä kahdelta ajanjaksolta (vuosilta 2007–2010 ja 2015–2017) kootusta media-aineistosta. Aineistoja tarkastellaan kirkkoturvainstituution muodostumisen näkökulmasta.
Kirkkoturvainstituutio on Suomessa muotoutunut kansainvälisten kirkkoturvaliikkeiden esimerkin mukaisesti suomalaisen ekumeenisen liikkeen piirissä. Tutkimuksen mukaan käytännön institutionalisoimisella on pyritty legitimoimaan ja vahvistamaan jo olemassa ollutta kirkkoturvatoimintaa. Artikkeli esittää myös, että kirkkoturvainstituution tarve on syntynyt niistä hyvinvointivaltion notkelmista, joihin paperittomina Suomessa oleskelevat päätyvät. Paperittomien asemaa hyvinvointipalvelujen ulkopuolisina on artikkelissa kuvattu institutionaalisen vajeen käsitteellä. Kirkkoturvainstituutio on siis syntynyt tilkitsemään paperittomien kohtaamaa institutionaalista vajetta. Kirkkoturvatoiminta pitää sisällään karitatiivista diakoniatyötä, mutta samalla se ottaa implisiittisesti tai eksplisiittisesti kantaa valtion harjoittamaan maahanmuuttopolitiikkaan. Näin ollen kirkkoturva politisoi kirkkojen maahanmuuttaja- ja diakoniatyötä, ja tekee kirkoista myös maahanmuuttopoliittisia toimijoita. Samalla kirkkoturvatoiminta on luonut tiloja kirkko- ja uskontokuntien keskinäisille kohtaamisille paikallisilla tasoilla. Kirkkoturvainstituutio on läheisessä ja jännitteisessä suhteessa myös muihin instituutioihin, joista demokraattisen yhteiskunnan kannalta keskeisimpiä ovat laki ja valtio. Myös näiden välisiä suhteita pohditaan tutkimuksen aineiston valossa.
Metal‐Free Csp−Csp and Csp−Csp3 Bond Cleavages of N,S‐Enynes toward Thiophene‐Fused N‐Heterocycles
Authors: Liu Zhuqing , Gao Runli , Lou Jiang , He Yuan , Yu Zhengkun 
Published: June 2018

AbstractAlkylthio‐functionalized, o‐anilide‐embedded enynes, that is, N,S‐1,6‐enynes, were efficiently reacted with elemental sulfur to afford thiophene‐fused N‐heterocycles. The one‐pot sulfur incorporation/cascade cyclization strategy offers a straightforward route to 4H‐thieno[3,2‐b]indoles and thieno[3,4‐c]quinoline‐4(5H)‐thiones through the tunable Csp−Csp and Csp−Csp3 bond cleavages of the N,S‐1,6‐enynes, forming both a N‐heterocycle and a fused thiophene ring. The five‐ring π systems azacyclopenta[f,g]tetracene scaffolds were also obtained from the cascade cyclization of 2‐halogen‐functionalized thieno[3,4‐c]quinoline‐4(5H)‐thiones. The present synthetic protocol avoids use of prefunctionalized indole and thiophene derivatives as the building blocks for the construction of thiophene‐fused N‐heterocycles under metal‐free conditions.magnified image
Wrong Turns in the Euthyphro
Authors: Woodruff Paul 
Published: June 2018

Abstract
No Socratic theory of forms is implied by the questions Socrates asks in Plato’s Euthyphro. His questions appear to commit him to the existence of a certain kind of paradigm form in the Euthyphro, but there is no place for such a form in his philosophy, and that is a good thing, for such a form cannot exist. As stated, the main question does not have an answer, but it is reasonable for Socrates to ask it in the context of Euthyphro’s claims. if they could be supported, Socrates’ question would have an answer. But Euthyphro’s claims are not supportable. The turn toward a paradigm form for piety is a wrong turn; the turn toward the part-whole relation is another. Piety cannot be a proper part of justice on any view that is plausibly Socratic. Piety concerns the whole of virtue in a way that distinguishes it from primary virtues such as justice, and this point prepares the way for Socrates’ defense in the Apology.
Listening to music from the urinary bladder! Case report of a headset in a urinary bladder
Authors: Chowdhury Sunirmal , Pal Dilip Kumar 
Published: June 2018

Abstract
There are many case reports of unusual foreign bodies found in the urinary bladder. Most of these are self-inserted. Mostly these foreign bodies were inserted as a result of sexual curiosity or sexual perversion but there may be other reasons like psychiatric problems. The treatment is individualized and determined by the size, location, shape, nature and mobility of the foreign body. Here we report a peculiar case of a headset in urinary bladder.
Pragmaticism of Randomized Controlled Trials of Biologic Treatment With Methotrexate in Rheumatoid Arthritis: A Systematic Review
Authors: Choi May Y. , Barnabe Cheryl , Barber Claire E. , Bykerk Vivian , Pope Janet E. , Hazlewood Glen S. 
Published: June 2018

ObjectiveRandomized controlled trials (RCTs) exist along a spectrum, from explanatory, designed to evaluate interventions under ideal conditions, to pragmatic, designed to reflect usual care. This study assessed the pragmatism of RCTs of advanced therapeutics in rheumatoid arthritis (RA).MethodsA systematic review was conducted to identify RA RCTs comparing biologic or targeted synthetic therapy in combination with methotrexate, to placebo or any other disease‐modifying antirheumatic drugs (DMARDs). Trials were rated using the Pragmatic Explanatory Continuum Indicator Summary‐2 (PRECIS‐2) tool in 9 domains, each rated from 1 (very explanatory) to 5 (very pragmatic). Latent class and regression analyses examined the heterogeneity in PRECIS‐2 scores and the relationship to trial characteristics.ResultsIn total, 96 trials were included. Eligibility, follow‐up, and flexibility of delivery of the intervention were rated as explanatory, with mean ± SD PRECIS‐2 scores of 2.0 ± 0.7, 2.0 ± 1.1, and 2.1 ± 0.7, respectively, reflecting strict inclusion criteria, intensive follow‐up, and rigid protocols. Studies were rated as pragmatic in setting (3.6 ± 1.5) because many were international, multicenter trials, and in primary analysis (4.1 ± 1.3), because most used intent‐to‐treat analyses. In latent class analyses, 2 groups were identified; the majority (74%) were rated as explanatory for most domains assessed. These trials had larger sample sizes, were more likely to be industry‐funded, and enrolled patients with higher Disease Activity Score in 28 joints and Health Assessment Questionnaire disability index scores, but were less likely to be at high risk of bias.ConclusionRCTs of biologic DMARD treatment in combination with methotrexate for RA were rated as predominantly explanatory, which may affect the generalizability of trial results to clinical practice.
Operon-mapper: a web server for precise operon identification in bacterial and archaeal genomes
Authors: Taboada Blanca , Estrada Karel , Ciria Ricardo , Merino Enrique 
Published: June 2018

Abstract

Summary
Operon-mapper is a web server that accurately, easily and directly predicts the operons of any bacterial or archaeal genome sequence. The operon predictions are based on the intergenic distance of neighboring genes as well as the functional relationships of their protein-coding products. To this end, Operon-mapper finds all the ORFs within a given nucleotide sequence, along with their genomic coordinates, orthology groups and functional relationships. We believe that Operon-mapper, due to its accuracy, simplicity and speed, as well as the relevant information that it generates, will be a useful tool for annotating and characterizing genomic sequences.

Availability and implementation
http://biocomputo.ibt.unam.mx/operon_mapper/