bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Viral Surveillance of Children with Acute Respiratory Infection in Two Main Hospitals in Northern Jordan, Irbid, during Winter of 2016
Authors: Awad Samah , Khader Yousef , Mansi Moa'th , Yusef Dawood , Alawadin Salah , Qudah Walaa , Khasawneh Ruba 
Published: July 2019

AbstractAcute lower respiratory infection (ALRI) is a major cause of morbidity and mortality worldwide. Data regarding the etiology of acute respiratory infection (ARI) is scarce in developing countries. The aim of this study was to identify the viral etiology of ARI/ALRI in hospitalized children and factors associated with increased length of stay (LoS) and severe disease presentation in Northern Jordan. This was a prospective viral surveillance study using real-time reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction in children younger than 5 years admitted with ARI to two main hospitals in Northern Jordan during the winter of 2016. Nasopharyngeal swabs were obtained and tested for respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) and other viruses. Demographic and clinical characteristics of RSV-positive patients were compared with those of RSV-negative patients. There were 479 patients hospitalized with ARI. Their mean age (standard deviation) was 10.4 (11.6) months. 53.9% tested positive for at least one virus, with RSV being the most commonly detected virus (34%). Compared with RSV-negative patients, RSV-positive patients were younger, more likely to have chronic lung disease, and more likely to present with cough, rhinorrhea, difficulty in breathing, retraction, flaring, grunting, wheezing, and a higher respiratory rate. Prematurity, presence of a chronic illness, oxygen saturation < 90%, and atelectasis and consolidation on chest X-rays were significantly associated with an increased mean LoS. Patients with a history of prematurity had higher risk of severe disease (odds ratio = 2.6; 95% confidence interval: 1.5, 4.7; p = 0.001). Compared with patients 6 months old and younger, patients aged 6.1 to 12 months were less likely to have severe disease. Human metapneumovirus (HMPV)-positive ALRI was associated with increased odds of severe disease. Viruses are recognized as etiological agent of ARI/ALRI-associated morbidity in developing countries that need more attention and implementation of targeted strategies for prevention and detection. HMPV can be a cause of severe ALRI.
The effects of Hong Kong L2 English speakers’ phonological features on listeners’ cognitive and affective perceptions
Authors: Chen Hsueh Chu , Wang Qian 
Published: July 2019

AbstractThis study explores the most perceivable phonological features of Hong Kong (HK) L2 English speakers and how they affect the perception of HK L2 English speech from the perspective of both native and non-native English listeners. Conversational interviews were conducted to collect speech data from 20 HK speakers of English and 10 native speakers of English in the United Kingdom. Phonological features of 20 HK speakers of English were analyzed at both segmental and suprasegmental levels. Forty listeners with different language backgrounds were recruited to listen and rate the speech samples of the 20 HK speakers of English in terms of the cognitive perception of foreign accentedness and comprehensibility and affective perception of likability and acceptability. This study identifies the phonological variables that contribute significantly to listeners’ perception of accentedness, comprehensibility, likability, acceptability, and overall impression of HK speakers’ English speech.
Diffuse messages as aggression and violence in political discourse
Authors: Kuße Holger 
Published: July 2019

Abstract
Diffuse messages are characterized by an unclear axiological and/or illocutionary orientation. If this diffuseness is used to mislead addressees and to domineer over someone by misleading him or her, then the diffuse message can be seen as an act of aggression and linguistic violence. Diffuse messages are a rhetorical practice which can often be observed in authoritarian and totalitarian contexts, where they are used to wield power over the interlocutor. Examples are given from Russian political discourse from the early periods of the Soviet Union up until now.
More than keywords
Authors: Cvrček Václav , Fidler Masako U. 
Published: July 2019

Abstract
The interpretation of a text usually starts with finding what is striking. Keyword analysis is a widely used corpus linguistic method that helps identify words as possible carriers of prominent topics in a text. It identifies words with significantly higher relative frequency in a target text when compared with a reference corpus. However, as our analysis of the Russian opinion portal Sputnik Czech Republic reveals, examining keywords alone does not produce an explicit account of discourse ideology in a text. Focusing predominantly on the image of Russia reflected in Sputnik, this study not only demonstrates the importance of a multi-level, quantitative approach to text, but also the importance of discourse functions of morphosyntactic units.
Basque question particles
Authors: Trotzke Andreas , Monforte Sergio 
Published: July 2019

AbstractIn this paper, we focus on the syntax of question particles in Basque and provide an account that draws new parallels between the syntactic behavior of discourse particles in Basque and some recent findings that have been reported for the German language, perhaps the most studied language of all when it comes to discourse particles. In particular, after having argued for a syntactic perspective on discourse particles for German, we deal with Basque particles in bothwh-questions and polar questions. Forwh-questions, we provide evidence for the claim that the particleoteoccupies an IP/TP-internal particle position and, when attaching to awh-element, can serve to form emphatic questions of the type that have also been observed in German. In the context of polar questions, we demonstrate that there are two distinct positions for discourse particles in central and eastern dialects of Basque: one inside the IP/TP-domain and one in the left periphery of the clause. Again, we indicate relevant cross-linguistic parallels, thereby dealing with Basque discourse particles from the perspective of a cross-linguistic syntax of particle elements.
Cycling with Low Saddle Height is Related to Increased Knee Adduction Moments in Healthy Recreational Cyclists
Authors: Wang Yong , Liang Leichao , Wang Donghai , Tang Yunqi , Wu Xie , Li Li , Liu Yu 
Published: July 2019

AbstractBicycle saddle height configurations have been shown to affect knee joint biomechanics. Research suggests that an excessively low saddle height may lead to Patellofemoral Pain Syndrome, which is thought to be caused by the knee adduction moment during cycling. However, how saddle heights affect frontal plane knee biomechanics was not clear. We aimed to compare different saddle heights on frontal plane knee biomechanics during cycling. Twenty healthy young recreational cyclists (23.4 ± 0.5 years) performed 3 min of cycling at four different saddle heights (Medium [25° knee flexion angle], Preferred [a height chosen by cyclists], Low [Preferred + 15°], High [Preferred ‐ 15°] measured at the bottom‐dead‐center). Cycling workload and cadence were set at 60 w and 60 RPM, respectively, since our project was focused on rehabilitation. A motion analysis system and a custom instrumented pedal were used to collect three‐dimensional kinematics d (200 Hz) and pedal reaction force (1000 Hz). Results showed that, compared with other saddle heights, Low saddle height produced greater adduction knee moments (11.9 ± 1.9 Nm, P < 0.05), a longer duration (0.15 ± 0.01 s, P < 0.05), larger knee flexion (58.5 ± 2.6°, P < 0.05) and larger abduction angles (−4.5 ± 0.8°, P < 0.05). We showed that Low saddle height resulted in increased knee adduction moments with longer duration. In contrast, High saddle height reduced both knee moments and time duration. The results suggest that increased saddle heights may provide a safe and efficient cycling strategy for healthy young recreational cyclists.
Ghost imaging with engineered quantum states by Hong–Ou–Mandel interference
Authors: Bornman Nicholas , Prabhakar Shashi , Vallés Adam , Leach Jonathan , Forbes Andrew 
Published: July 2019

Abstract
Traditional ghost imaging experiments exploit position correlations between correlated states of light. These correlations occur directly in spontaneous parametric down-conversion, and in such a scenario, the two-photon state usually used for ghost imaging is symmetric. Here we perform ghost imaging using an anti-symmetric state, engineering the two-photon state symmetry by means of Hong–Ou–Mandel interference. We use both symmetric and anti-symmetric states and show that the ghost imaging setup configuration results in object-image rotations depending on the state selected. Further, the object and imaging arms employ spatial light modulators for the all-digital control of the projections, being able to dynamically change the measuring technique and the spatial properties of the states under study. Finally, we provide a detailed theory that explains the reported observations.
Bounds on nonlocal correlations in the presence of signaling and their application to topological zero modes
Authors: Carmi Avishy , Herasymenko Yaroslav , Cohen Eliahu , Snizhko Kyrylo 
Published: July 2019

Abstract
Bell’s theorem renders quantum correlations distinct from those of any local-realistic model. Although being stronger than classical correlations, quantum correlations are limited by the Tsirelson bound. This bound, however, applies for Hermitian, commutative operators corresponding to non-signaling observables in Alice’s and Bob’s spacelike-separated labs. As an attempt to explore theories beyond quantum mechanics and analyze the uniqueness of the latter, we examine in this work the extent of non-local correlations when relaxing these fundamental assumptions, which allows for theories with non-local signaling. We prove that, somewhat surprisingly, the Tsirelson bound in the Bell–Clauser–Horne–Shimony–Holt scenario, and similarly other related bounds on non-local correlations, remain effective as long as we maintain the Hilbert space structure of the theory. Furthermore, in the case of Hermitian observables we find novel relations between non-locality, local correlations, and signaling. We demonstrate that such non-local signaling theories are naturally simulated by quantum systems of parafermionic zero modes. We numerically study the derived bounds in parafermionic systems, confirming the bounds’ validity yet finding a drastic difference between correlations of ‘signaling’ and ‘non-signaling’ sets of observables. We also propose an experimental procedure for measuring the relevant correlations.
Probing multiple-frequency atom-photon interactions with ultracold atoms
Authors: Luksch K , Bentine E , Barker A J , Sunami S , Harte T L , Yuen B , Foot C J 
Published: July 2019

Abstract
We dress atoms with multiple-radiofrequency (RF) fields and investigate the spectrum of transitions driven by an additional probe field. A complete theoretical description of this rich spectrum is presented, in which we find allowed transitions and determine their amplitudes using the resolvent formalism. Experimentally, we observe transitions up to sixth order in the probe field using RF spectroscopy of Bose–Einstein condensates trapped in single- and multiple-RF-dressed potentials. We find excellent agreement between theory and experiment, including the prediction and verification of previously unobserved transitions, even in the single-RF case.
Description of Knowledge and Premarital Attitudes About Nutrition for Prevention of Infertility in the City of Semarang
Authors: Puspitaningrum D , Indrawati N D , Purwanti I A 
Published: July 2019

Abstract
Background: Infertility is the inability to get pregnant, maintain pregnancy and the inability to bring pregnancy to live birth. Infertility data in 37 Semarang City Health Centers in February to March 2018 reached 433 patients in high-risk pregnant women with secondary infertility of more than 5 years. Infertility can be caused by reproductive disorders and also lack of nutrients that can reduce reproductive hormones. So that premarital couples need to be informed regarding the knowledge and attitudes about nutrition to prevent infertility. This study was conducted in Semarang City as many as 40 respondents in the status as premarital. Quantitative research using observations was used to conduct this research. The results were presented descriptively. That 4 respondents have less premarital knowledge (10%) and 36 respondents (90%) good knowledge. And 19 respondents do not show the attitude in supporting the infertility preventive. And the premarital attitude that does not support is 19 people (47.5%) and as many as 21 respondents (52.5%) support about nutrition to prevent infertility. Governments need to provide Counseling, Information and Education for Premarital couple through a premarital for premarital as a facilitation yin providing prevention so that infertility does not occur.
Nutrition Content of Rose Nugget as Vegetarian Comestible
Authors: Hasbiyati H. , Sudiarti D. , Hikamah S. R. 
Published: July 2019

Abstract
Nugget is a type of food consumed by vegetarians. Rose flowers’ contents such as Linalool in essential oil, malate acid, tartaric acid, and citrate acid have potentials in lowering blood pressure. By developing an innovation of rose petals into nuggets with a tasty flavor, it will attract the society to make vegetarians as a healthy food alternative or Lacto-ovo vegetarian. The research method used in this study was a quantitative method. This research was conducted to observe the nutrition content in the petal rose nuggets (Rosa sp) as a vegetarian comestible commodity. A nutritional analysis was performed in a chemistry laboratory at State Vocational High School of Lumajang 1 (SMKN 1 Lumajang). Based on the research results, it can be concluded that Rose Nugget is very appropriate to be used as a Vegetarian comestible due to its abundant nutrition content which is beneficial for health.
The potency of socio-economic family and cultural factor in affecting stunting of Muna ethnic in Batalaiworu, Southeast Sulawesi
Authors: Nurbiah  , Rosidi A , Margawati A 
Published: July 2019

Abstract
Almost three of ten children in Indonesia suffered stunting. Cultural food taboos to mothers and children, and socioeconomic family might affect eating patterns in Muna ethnic. The aim of this study was to determine the correlation between family’s socio-economic factors and cultural factors with the incidence of stunting. this cross-sectional study applied the qualitative and quantitative methods involved 110 randomly selected children aged 6-24 months. Stunting was categorized by comparing the Body length (cm) with the children age (months). Data of socio-economic and cultural factors were taken using structured questionnaire and in-depth interview. The occurence of stunting was 32.7%. Education level, dietary restriction during pregnancy, and prelacteal intake significantly correlated with the occurence of stunting (p <0.05), while the per-capita expenditure, food tabo and the history of exclusive breastfeeding were not significantly correlated with the occurance of stunting (p> 0.05). Multivariate analysis showed prelacteal intake as the most influential factor that affecting the incidence of stunting.The prevalence of stunting in the Batalaiworu district is higher than the national prevalence of stunting. Cultural factors like prelacteal feeding is the most influential factor that affecting the occurrence of stunting.
Significant Potential of Arbuscular Mycorrhizae Fungi to Increase on Yield of Shallot
Authors: Laila A , Trisnaningrum N , Hamawi M 
Published: July 2019

Abstract
Evaluation of Arbuscular Mycorrhizae Fungi application on shallot (Allium cepa L. aggregatum group) is extremely important to instead of Phosphorus synthetic fertilizer. The experiment was laid out in randomized completely block design with three replications as block. The experiment consisted of Arbuscular Mycorrhizae Fungi (AMF) application, AMF and Phosphorus application, Phosphorus application and without any treatment. The experiment resulted that there were no difference on plant height and number of leaves among treatments. In total chlorophyll content, AMF application is lower than Phosphorus synthetic application. In contrast, AMF application was showed the highest of yield.
Keys Success Factor in Innovation Development for Fish Product Export Oriented in Fishery Industry Central Java Province
Authors: Yusuf M , Suyanto A 
Published: July 2019

Abstract
The innovation of fish product development will increase the added value of the product so that the product will have a competitive advantage and become a market leader. Innovation will bring an impression as a new product so that consumers will look for it. The strategy to increase exports of fish products through product development innovations is expected to maintain the existing market and continue to increase its coverage. The aim of the study was to conduct an innovation analysis of the development of e-export oriented fish products with assessment variables including: innovation, inhibiting factors and supporters using the 4P approach (Product, Place, Price, Promotion), FCP (Five Competitive Forces) and VRIO (Value, Rareness, Imitational, Organizational). The analytical method was used the Composite Performance Index (CPI), which is the merging of the weight values then ranking. Analysis the decision-making system is based on an assessment by experts in this case the stakeholders of export of fish products. Decision-making systems based on innovation parameters (weighting criteria 0.4), supporting factors (weighting criteria 0.3) and inhibitors (weighting criteria 0.3). The highest score that becomes the first level that determines the success of export-oriented fish products exports on the elements specified in the study are elements of 4P, FC F and VRIO, each of which is ‘promotion’ (score 131.5), ‘customer control’ (score 116.8) and ‘value’ (score 113.8).
Thermal and Reused Stability of Immobilized Lipase in Carrageenan
Authors: Wardoyo F A , Hidayah F F 
Published: July 2019

Abstract
Lipase is one kind of enzyme that is widely used as a catalyst in industrial and medical. Lipase has a great catalytic ability, but is easily affected by temperature, and is also difficult to separate at the end of the reaction. This causes most of lipase used only in one reaction cycle. Therefore an enzyme immobilization is needed, so that lipase can maintenance it’s activity in high temperatures, and can also be separated at the end of the reaction so that it can be re-used. This study aimed to determine the thermal stability and re-used stability of the immobilized lipase in carrageenan. The method used for immobilizing lipase is through entrapment method. The effectiveness of immobilized lipase tested through the hydrolysis reaction of palm oil. The result was found that the immobilized lipase in carrageenan was able to maintain its catalytic activity up to 50 °C and also up to five reaction cycles.
Evaluation of intrahepatic regulatory T cells to understand their roles in the progression of liver damage in patient with hepatitis
Authors: Susilawati T N , Pramana T Y , Wasita B , Setyawan S , Prasetyo A A 
Published: July 2019

Abstract
Infection with hepatitis viruses, especially HBV and HCV is a global health problem. Inadequacy and inefficiency of immune responses contribute to the chronicity of the diseases and play an important role in the progress of liver injury. This paper aimed to evaluate the frequency of immune cells in the liver of patients infected with HBV and HVC and analysed the correlation between pathological findings and clinical course of the diseases. The currently on going study recruited participants who were 18 years old or older and presented to a tertiary hospital in Surakarta, Indonesia since August 2017. Clinical and laboratory data were extracted from the patients’ medical records. The biopsy procedure was performed on patients’ liver as referred by the doctors who treat them. Samples were sent to the Pathology Anatomy Laboratory for assessment of the disease progression and the evaluation of immune cells in the area of portal triad. An immunohistochemistry staining was conducted to enumerate the frequency of immune cells expressing CD4+, CD8+, CD25+ and Foxp3+ which were associated with the presence of T lymphocytes within the subgroups of T helper, T cytotoxic, and T regulatory cells, respectively. From six liver biopsy samples, we detected one unknown hepatitis case, one case of acute viral hepatitis B, three cases of chronic viral hepatitis B without fibrosis, and one case of chronic viral hepatitis C METAVIR score 1. The frequency of cells expressing CD4+ and CD8+ were predominant (>50%), followed by Foxp3+ expression (26-50%); whereas cells expressing CD25+ were being rarely detected (0-5%). These findings suggest that when the liver injury is minimal, the T helper and cytotoxic lymphocytes are proliferated and activated, which may promote the differentiation of regulatory T cells expressing CD25+ and Foxp3+ to minimize immune-mediated liver damage.
Effectiveness Comparison of Bitter Melon Fruit (Momordica charantia L.) Extract with 2% Ketoconazole in Inhibiting Pityrosporum ovale Growth In Vitro
Authors: Mulyono A , Ratnaningrum K , Kurniati I D 
Published: July 2019

Abstract
Ketoconazole has long been used as an antifungal therapy. One of fungi that causes dandruff is P.ovale. Bitter melon fruit contains antioxidants which can be used as an antifungal. The similarity of antifungal between bitter melon fruit and ketoconazole, made the researchers want to compare the effectiveness of bitter melon fruit extract with 2% ketoconazole in inhibiting P. ovale growth. A laboratory experiment study with Post-test only controls group design, at Microbiology Laboratory, Medical Faculty of Universitas Muhammadiyah Semarang using P.ovale pure isolates. Determination of sample size is done using two proportions formula. Determination of whether or not P.ovale is done macroscopically and microscopically. Sample analysis using the chi-square test. From 30 media given 100% bitter melon extract, 66.7% results did not found in P.ovale growth (20 plates). While 30 media were given 2% ketoconazole, 56.7% did not find P.ovale growth (17 plates). Chi-square test showed p = 0.595 which means there was no difference in effectiveness between giving 100% bitter melon fruit extract and 2% ketoconazole to inhibit P. ovale growth. The effectiveness of 100% bitter melon fruit (Momordica charantia L.) extract equal to 2% ketoconazole in inhibiting P.ovale in vitro growth.