bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Oficio de historiador, ¿nuevo paradigma o positivismo?
Authors: Barros Carlos 
Published: June 2018

<p class="p1">El artículo presenta un balance sobre las tendencias y los debates actuales e internacionales, desde una óptica trasatlántica y latina, considerando el método, la historiografía, la teoría y la relación de los historiadores del siglo xxi con la sociedad. Partiendo del preámbulo y las posiciones del <em>Manifiesto de Historia a Debate </em>(2001), y recogiendo los últimos debates de had en las redes sociales, analizamos la polarización historiográfica entre los partidarios de nuevos paradigmas que no hacemos tabla rasa de las vanguardias del siglo xx, y los partidarios de un retorno al positivismo, aguijoneados por el posmodernismo radical. Repliegue historiográfico que estudiamos a través de afirmaciones, prácticas y lugares comunes, dichos y hechos, dentro y fuera de aulas y despachos. Varios datos de tipo digital y oral dan cuenta, en cuanto al regreso de Ranke, de una gran homogeneidad y transversalidad entre las diferentes especialidades, universidades y países. </p>
México y América Latina sujetos a la vulnerabilidad externa
Authors: Huerta González Arturo 
Published: June 2018

<p class="p1">El presente trabajo analiza cómo la globalización y las políticas macroeconómicas de estabilidad que la acompañan le han quitado el control del dinero a los gobiernos, y por ende, el manejo de la política para configurar condiciones endógenas de acumulación y crecimiento. Las economías han pasado a depender de las variables externas. Los países que tienen ventajas comparativas en el sector primario han mostrado mayor crecimiento que el resto, aunque todos están sujetos al comportamiento del contexto internacional. Se analizan los problemas de crecimiento que enfrentan los países desarrollados y sus efectos en América Latina, que no tiene una política contracíclica para encarar los embates externos. Se plantea la necesidad de retomar el control de la moneda, así como de regular el sector externo y el financiero para poder flexibilizar la política económica a favor del sector productivo y del empleo, y de colocar el mercado interno como motor de crecimiento. </p>
Sertão digital. Estudo de caso acerca do uso da Internet em Várzea Alegre, CE
Authors: De Oliveira Lima Maria Erica , De Oliveira Falcão Priscila Dallva 
Published: June 2018

<p class="p1">Esta investigación pretende promover el uso de Internet y generar conciencia sobre los cambios sociales suscitados por su utilización cotidiana. Aplicamos el método de estudio exploratorio-descriptivo, recopilando datos por medio de cuestionarios, entrevistas e investigación de campo. A partir de puntos de muestreo previamente establecidos, se trató de mapear los patrones de uso de Internet en la ciudad de Várzea Alegre, estado de Ceará, en el Nordeste de Brasil, y el público abordado fueron los jóvenes y adultos jóvenes. Entre los tópicos de análisis están el número de cibercafés de Várzea Alegre, los telecentros (espacios públicos de conexión con banda ancha subvencionados por el Estado) y otras modalidades de inclusión digital. Hasta ahora, la investigación reveló que la ciudad se encuentra en un proceso de informatización creciente, habiendo un incremento en los habitantes que conocen las TIC. Esa constatación surge del notable aumento del uso de internet móvil, con celular, quizá promovido por su bajo costo. Asimismo, se percibió que el uso de redes sociales también es una constante. Sin embargo, una conclusión importante es que escasean los equipos fijos, que son los que promueven la medida más básica para la excelencia del uso: la alfabetización. Se pudo constatar que buena parte de la población no tiene conciencia sobre la dimensión del proceso de cambio promovido por las herramientas digitales, y el impacto real que puede ocasionar en sus vidas, principalmente en lo que concierne al intercambio de información y cultura. </p>
La Iniciativa Mérida: un problema común de seguridad
Authors: Medina Martínez Fuensanta 
Published: June 2018

<p class="p1">A partir de 2006 la política exterior mexicana tendrá entre sus prioridades combatir los problemas de seguridad vinculados al comercio de drogas ilegales, tráfico de armas y trata de personas, generando un mayor apoyo en recursos materiales y asesoría por parte de los Estados Unidos de América. Como resultado de esta colaboración, se resolvió implementar la Iniciativa Mérida. </p><p class="p3">A pesar de los esfuerzos de México y Estados Unidos para erradicar el comercio de drogas por medio de la ejecución de la Iniciativa Mérida, los resultados no han sido los esperados. Esto se debe a que se han olvidado que la salida no debe limitarse al combate de las organizaciones de traficantes; sino que también necesitan atender necesidades como el deterioro en la calidad de vida de la población, la falta de oportunidades educativas y la insuficiente política de generación de empleo. </p><p class="p4">A la vez, resulta necesaria la cooperación eficaz de los EE.UU. en materia de reducción en la demanda de los consumidores, así como del compromiso real de cortar el flujo de armas que abastece a los cárteles mexicanos; no olvidando que si bien éste es un problema que circula por México, su fin último es fluir fuera de las fronteras, haciendo de la cooperación y el compromiso bilateral una herramienta necesaria para enfrentar la situación. </p>
El Capitán Berardo Giraldo o el mito del buen guerrillero
Authors: Caballero Farouk 
Published: June 2018

<p class="p1">El imaginario popular hace pensar que las guerrillas defienden al subalterno, al pobre, al desplazado por la violencia oficial y a sus tierras. Ese contexto hace que emerja un héroe épico moderno, con características especiales, ejemplarizantes en batalla y con autoridad incuestionable. De este modo, la literatura testimonial crea un personaje que se vuelve mito en su propia crónica. Además, el testimonio usa el lenguaje popular, la ascendencia liberal e indígena, la valentía guerrerista y el arte ecuestre para dialogar con las imágenes de los antiguos líderes insurgentes de Latinoamérica. Su voz construye un relato veraz. Los recursos literarios mitifican al líder guerrillero y, por lo tanto, es fundamental analizar su lenguaje, sus expresiones, la geografía marginal y su selección de anécdotas, con el propósito de rastrear la mitificación del buen guerrillero, en el testimonio del capitán. </p>
Propiedades de los suelos en diferentes usos agropecuarios, Las Tunas, Cuba
Authors: Leyva R. Santa Laura , Baldoquín P. Aime , Reyes O. Manuel 
Published: June 2018

La degradación de los pastizales, constituye uno de los problemas más graves relacionados con el uso de los suelos en la zona norte del municipio de Las Tunas, Cuba. El manejo inadecuado de los suelos, ha provocado su deterioro progresivo con impactos negativos en la producción ganadera, lo que ha incidido en la producción de carne y leche, incrementa los costos de producción y causa efectos desfavorables en el medio ambiente. En el presente trabajo se evaluó el efecto de diferentes sistemas de uso agropecuarios en algunas propiedades de los suelos Luvisoles haplicos, desarrollados sobre granitoides. Los sistemas de uso incluyen pastos naturales, pastos cultivados, sistema silvopastoril y un sistema de referencia natural. Las propiedades de suelos medidas fueron la textura, la densidad aparente, la capacidad de campo, la porosidad total y de aireación, velocidad de infiltración, el contenido de materia orgánica y la enzima β-glucosidasa. Los resultados mostraron que las tecnologías de manejo aplicadas en los pastizales afectan las propiedades de los suelos e inciden en su degradación, con incrementos en la densidad aparente, menores valores de infiltración, porosidad y menor actividad de la enzima ß-glucosidasa lo que limita el funcionamiento del sistema suelo-planta-animal. Se evidenció un efecto conservacionista de los suelos en el sistema silvopastoril, respecto a las propiedades físicas, químicas y biológicas, lo que constituye una alternativa para la recuperación de los suelos de pastizales en los sistemas ganaderos de la región.
Fog Computing: A Primer
Authors: Sadiku Matthew N. O. , Tembely Mahamadou , Musa Sarhan M. 
Published: June 2018

Fog computing (FC) was proposed in 2012 by Cisco as the ideal computing model for providing real-time computing services and storage to support the resource-constrained Internet of Things (IoT) devices. Thus, FC may be regarded as the convergence of the IoT and the Cloud, combining the data-centric IoT services and pay-as-you-go characteristics of clouds. This paper provides a brief introduction of fog computing.
Selenium Broken Links Automation Testing
Authors: Singh Gursimran , Kaur Harpreet 
Published: June 2018

With the growth of website content it is become difficult to manage relations between Individual webpage and keep track of their hyperlinks within a website. This causes some Hyperlink become dead or broken. A broken Link is a link on a web page that no longer works. It is difficult to find out the broken link manually by checking each hyperlink individually because it is time consuming and tedious work. So to eliminate this we can use the selenium web driver tool and java code to automate testing of each hyperlink individually. The objective of this thesis is to automate finding of broken links using selenium web driver tool.
An Efficient Hybrid Forecasting Approach for Wind Speed Time Series
Authors: Munnaluri Bhargavi , Reddy K. Ganesh 
Published: June 2018

Wind forecasting is one of the best efficient ways to deal with the challenges of wind power generation. Due to the depletion of fossil fuels renewable energy sources plays a major role for the generation of power. For future management and for future utilization of power, we need to predict the wind speed. In this paper, an efficient hybrid forecasting approach with the combination of Support Vector Machine (SVM) and Artificial Neural Networks(ANN) are proposed to improve the quality of prediction of wind speed. Due to the different parameters of wind, it is difficult to find the accurate prediction value of the wind speed. The proposed hybrid model of forecasting is examined by taking the hourly wind speed of past years data by reducing the prediction error with the help of Mean Square Error by 0.019. The result obtained from the Artificial Neural Networks improves the forecasting quality.
Characterization of Ischemic Stroke in CT Images using Image Processing
Authors: Alzain Amal , Alameen Suhaib , Elmaki Rani , Gar-Elnabi Mohamed E. M. 
Published: June 2018

This study concern to characterize the brain tissues to ischemic stroke, gray matter, white matter and CSF using texture analysisto extract classification features from CT images. The First Order Statistic techniques included sevenfeatures. To find the gray level variation in CT images it complements the FOS features extracted from CT images withgray level in pixels and estimate the variation of thesubpatterns. analyzing the image with Interactive Data Language IDL software to measure the grey level of images. The results show that the Gray Level variation and features give classification accuracy of ischemic stroke 97.6%, gray matter95.2%, white matter 97.3% and the CSF classification accuracy 98.0%. The overall classification accuracy of brain tissues 97.0%.These relationships are stored in a Texture Dictionary that can be later used to automatically annotate new CT images with the appropriate brain tissues names.
A Comparative Study of Various Techniques used for Melanoma Detection
Authors: K Raina Raju , Kumar S. Swapna 
Published: June 2018

Skin cancer is one of the most fatal disease. It is easily curable, when it is detected in its beginning stage. Early detection of melanoma through accurate techniques and innovative technologies has the greatest potential for decreasing mortality associated with this disease. Mainly there are four steps for detecting melanoma which includes preprocessing, segmentation, feature extraction and classification. The preprocessing stage will remove all the artifacts associated with the lesion. The exact boundaries of lesion are identified from normal skin through segmentation method. Feature extraction stage is used for calculating and obtaining different parameters of the lesion region. The final stage is to classify the lesion as benign or malignant. In this paper different types of segmentation methods and classification methods are described. Both of these stages are accurately implemented to reach the final detection of the lesion.
NATURAL LANGUAGE PROCESSING IN HEALTHCARE
Authors: Sadiku Matthew N.O. , Zhou Yu , Musa Sarhan M. 
Published: June 2018

Natural language processing (NLP) refers to the process of using of computer algorithms to identify key elements in everyday language and extract meaning from unstructured spoken or written communication. Healthcare is the biggest user of the NLP tools. It is expected that NLP tools should be able to bridge the gap between the mountain of data generated daily and the limited cognitive capacity of the human mind. This paper provides a brief introduction on the use of NLP in healthcare.
Performance Analysis of Fingerprint Based Image Enhancement and Minutiae Extraction
Authors: Jain Rajneesh , Sharma Sheelesh Kr. , Agrawal Pankaj 
Published: June 2018

Extracting minutiae from fingerprint images is one of the most important steps in automatic fingerprint identification and classification. Minutiae are local discontinuities in the fingerprint pattern, mainly terminations and bifurcations. In this work we have propose a method for fingerprint image enhancement. Using histogram equalization over filtering and then minutia are calculated. The results achieved are compared with those obtained through some other methods. The Results show some improvement in the minutiae extraction in terms of quantity.
A Review on the New Speed 5G
Authors: Shrivastava Trishla , Sharma Archana 
Published: June 2018

This paper is an attempt to throw light on 5g technology that is existing in the market today. this paper is a review on the advantages and disadvantages of 5g. It also includes a brief history on how the world reached to 5g.In this fast growing world where the demand of everything has increased to a different level, a requirement to stay connected with the world is at atmost priority, which requires a high sped internet. This connectivity can be provided by the 5g as it is promised.The coming of 5G technologies will change the way how the most users access their phones.In past few decades things have changed alot, so lets a peek through to what they lacked and how this will be fulfilled by this new technology 5g.To realize 5G, evolution and revolution both approaches are being employed.Looks for new innovations and technologies. Frequency spectrum, network densification, MIMO, carrier aggregation, CentralizedRAN, HetNets, and Network Functionality Virtualization are the key enablers. This paper spreads information about what research and developments are going on in 5G technology.
Swarm Intelligence: A Primer
Authors: Sadiku Matthew N. O. , Tembely Mahamadou , Musa Sarhan M. 
Published: June 2018

Swarm intelligence is the emergent collective intelligence of groups of simple agents. It belongs to the emerging field of bio-inspired soft computing. It is inspired from the biological entities such as birds, fish, ants, wasps, termites, and bees. Bio-inspired computation is a field of study that is closely related to artificial intelligence. This paper provides a brief introduction to swarm intelligence.
Machine Learning in Agriculture
Authors: Sadiku Matthew N. O. , Kotteti Chandra M. M , Musa Sarhan M. 
Published: June 2018

Machine learning is an emerging field of artificial intelligence which can be applied to the agriculture sector. It refers to the automated detection of meaningful patterns in a given data. Modern agriculture seeks ways to conserve water, use nutrients and energy more efficiently, and adapt to climate change. Machine learning in agriculture allows for more accurate disease diagnosis and crop disease prediction. This paper briefly introduces what machine learning can do in the agriculture sector.
Investigation of Different Constraints in Cybercrime & Digital Forensics
Authors: Kotwal Shallu , Manhas Jatinder 
Published: June 2018

With rapid changes in technology and its increased use in different organizations, the cybercrime and digital forensics methods are also making advancement in new ways to tackle the latest trends in cyber crime. Cybercrime refers to any crime that involves a computer network or any public or private system. Cyber crime is emerging as a serious threat worldwide. The government organizations, police departments and various intelligence units of different countries have started to act accordingly. To control and investigate cybercrime, the investigators use various Digital forensics methods and mechanisms. Digital forensics is the procedure of investigating computer crimes in cyber world. Many researchers have been done a lot in this area to help forensic investigators to resolve the existing challenges with different methodologies designed by them. Experts provided with different tools and technologies to resolve the threats related to cyber crime in a more efficient and speedy manner with minimum loss to the victim. Still the desired technologies and tools are not that much efficient that they can control the occurrence of different types of cyber crime activities. This paper reviews the complete details regarding the growth of cybercrime and its various modes of occurrence at different level. Authors in this paper tries to bring few facts and figures which would be an eye-opener for computer and internet users. Therefore, the current manuscript provides the understanding of various types of cyber crimes and its impact on different section of the society.
A Survey Report on Wireless Sensor Network
Authors: Kaur Harjot , Tejpal Gaurav , Sharma Sonal 
Published: June 2018

Wireless Sensor Network (WSN) is the combination of various sensing nodes. WSN is used to produce meaningful information from raw local data collected by each sensor. The characteristics of sensor network create many new and existing application areas for remote sensing. Also now a day there is much application in many field and WSN faces security challenges so I have discussed it with architecture of WSN. With advancement in WSN, small and low cost sensor nodes become available, which have capabilities of wireless communication, sensing various types of environmental conditions and data processing. Now a day, we are living in advance technology environment, which has a great advantage on every person life. Wireless sensor network is one of them which is the collection of nodes organized into a cooperative network and in every node consist of processing capability, and may contains multiple types of memory. In this paper there is review of introduction of Wireless Sensor Network and its application in various fields with security challenges. Also I have discussed various factors that affect the sensor network design. Wireless Sensor Network has tremendous advantages in the worlds which makes every person life much easier and also have various applications.
Performance Analysis of Web Applications Working on Cloud Environment Using Workload Prediction Model Based on ANN
Authors: Sahi Supreet Kaur , Dhaka V. S. 
Published: June 2018

Cloud computing is good fit for deployment of different applications but workload and instances requirement will vary depending upon type of applications. Workload estimation of cloud computing is tedious task. In cloud computing number of instances of cloud need to be reserved based on certain parameters. If these instance are under estimated then performance of system will reduce and if over estimated then cost will increase. In order to optimize this cost there must be some algorithm working that can help in reserving number of instances based on certain parameters. Web applications have unpredictable workload. Certain steps of capacity planning need to follow for predicting workload of web applications. This paper analysis performance of ANN based workload estimation model for web applications on cloud environment. A brief survey of literature is also presented to find out different parameters necessary for capacity planning of website.
A Highly Efficient and Optimised Simulation Based Multi objective Decision-Making for FMS Control
Authors: Parhi Shreyanshu , Srivastava S. C. 
Published: June 2018

Optimized and efficient decision-making systems is the burning topic of research in modern manufacturing industry. The aforesaid statement is validated by the fact that the limitations of traditional decision-making system compresses the length and breadth of multi-objective decision-system application in FMS. The bright area of FMS with more complexity in control and reduced simpler configuration plays a vital role in decision-making domain. The decision-making process consists of various activities such as collection of data from shop floor; appealing the decision-making activity; evaluation of alternatives and finally execution of best decisions. While studying and identifying a suitable decision-making approach the key critical factors such as decision automation levels, routing flexibility levels and control strategies are also considered. This paper investigates the cordial relation between the system ideality and process response time with various prospective of decision-making approaches responsible for shop-floor control of FMS. These cases are implemented to a real-time FMS problem and it is solved using ARENA simulation tool. ARENA is a simulation software that is used to calculate the industrial problems by creating a virtual shop floor environment. This proposed topology is being validated in real time solution of FMS problems with and without implementation of decision system in ARENA simulation tool. The real-time FMS problem is considered under the case of full routing flexibility. Finally, the comparative analysis of the results is done graphically and conclusion is drawn.
Study of Ultra-precision Finishing Techniques for Brittle Materials
Authors: Samra Partap Singh , Singh Sehijpal , Singh Lakhvir 
Published: June 2018

Wide application of hard and brittle advanced ceramics, glasses and semiconductors in Mechanical, Optical and Electronic industry has led to the development of new ultra-precision finishing processes. With an increase in the applications of these materials, the need of finishing these materials has also become a great challenge. Dimensional and finish accuracies are the parameters that needs to be focused and improved with minimum time and cost. Another crucial parameter is the subsurface damages that are quiet common with these materials during finishing process. New processes have been developed to overcome the drawbacks of the existing processes for Nano finishing. These processes can be classified as Conventional, Precision and Ultra-precision finishing based on the degree of dimensional accuracy and final surface finish. Both loose and bonded abrasives have been used for these processes. This paper deals with the study of some of the significant advances in ultra-precision finishing processes of hard and brittle materials.