bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Validation of biofilm formation on human skin wound models and demonstration of clinically translatable bacteria-specific volatile signatures
Authors: Ashrafi Mohammed , Novak-Frazer Lilyann , Bates Matthew , Baguneid Mohamed , Alonso-Rasgado Teresa , Xia Guoqing , Rautemaa-Richardson Riina , Bayat Ardeshir 
Published: June 2018

AbstractBiofilms are major contributors to delayed wound healing and there is a need for clinically relevant experimental models to assess theranostics. Microorganisms release volatile organic compounds (VOCs) and the ability to identify these in infected cutaneous wounds could lead to efficient non-invasive diagnosis. The aims here were to develop and assess bacterial biofilm formation and identify their VOC profiles in an in vitro model and validate in human ex vivo incisional and excisional cutaneous wound models. Biofilm development was assessed using multiple microscopy techniques with biofilm-forming deficient controls and quantified using metabolic and biomass assays; and VOC production measured by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry. The production of most VOCs was affected by biofilm development and model used. Some VOCs were specific either for planktonic or biofilm growth. The relative abundance of some VOCs was significantly increased or decreased by biofilm growth phase (P < 0.05). Some Staphylococcus aureus and Pseudomonas aeruginosa VOCs correlated with biofilm metabolic activity and biomass (R ≤ −0.5; ≥0.5). We present for the first time bacterial biofilm formation in human ex vivo cutaneous wound models and their specific VOC profiles. These models provide a vehicle for human skin-relevant biofilm studies and VOC detection has potential clinical translatability in efficient non-invasive diagnosis of wound infection.
Origins of Moiré Patterns in CVD-grown MoS2 Bilayer Structures at the Atomic Scales
Authors: Wang Jin , Namburu Raju , Dubey Madan , Dongare Avinash M. 
Published: June 2018

AbstractThe chemical vapor deposition (CVD)-grown two-dimensional molybdenum disulfide (MoS2) structures comprise of flakes of few layers with different dimensions. The top layers are relatively smaller in size than the bottom layers, resulting in the formation of edges/steps across adjacent layers. The strain response of such few-layer terraced structures is therefore likely to be different from exfoliated few-layered structures with similar dimensions without any terraces. In this study, the strain response of CVD-grown few-layered MoS2 terraced structures is investigated at the atomic scales using classic molecular dynamics (MD) simulations. MD simulations suggest that the strain relaxation of CVD-grown triangular terraced structures is observed in the vertical displacement of the atoms across the layers that results in the formation of Moiré patterns. The Moiré islands are observed to nucleate at the corners or edges of the few-layered structure and propagate inwards under both tensile and compressive strains. The nucleation of these islands is observed to happen at tensile strains of ~ 2% and at compressive strains of ~2.5%. The vertical displacements of the atoms and the dimensions of the Moiré islands predicted using the MD simulation are in excellent agreement with that observed experimentally.
Chemotherapy-Induced Tunneling Nanotubes Mediate Intercellular Drug Efflux in Pancreatic Cancer
Authors: Desir Snider , O’Hare Patrick , Vogel Rachel Isaksson , Sperduto William , Sarkari Akshat , Dickson Elizabeth L. , Wong Phillip , Nelson Andrew C. , Fong Yuman , Steer Clifford J. , Subramanian Subbaya , Lou Emil 
Published: June 2018

AbstractIntercellular communication plays a critical role in the ever-evolving landscape of invasive cancers. Recent studies have elucidated the potential role of tunneling nanotubes (TNTs) in this function. TNTs are long, filamentous, actin-based cell protrusions that mediate direct cell-to-cell communication between malignant cells. In this study, we investigated the formation of TNTs in response to variable concentrations of the chemotherapeutic drug doxorubicin, which is used extensively in the treatment of cancer patients. Doxorubicin stimulated an increased formation of TNTs in pancreatic cancer cells, and this occurred in a dose-dependent fashion. Furthermore, TNTs facilitated the intercellular redistribution of this drug between connected cells in both pancreatic and ovarian cancer systems in vitro. To provide supportive evidence for the relevance of TNTs in pancreatic cancer in vivo, we performed multiphoton fluorescence microscopy and imaged TNTs in tumor specimens resected from three human patients with pancreatic adenocarcinoma, and one with neuroendocrine carcinoma. In sum, TNT formation was upregulated in aggressive forms of pancreatic carcinoma, was further stimulated after chemotherapy exposure, and acted as a novel method for drug efflux. These findings implicate TNTs as a potential novel mechanism of drug resistance in chemorefractory forms of cancer.
Lifestyle Factors, Colorectal Tumor Methylation, and Survival Among African Americans and European Americans
Authors: Busch Evan L. , Galanko Joseph A. , Sandler Robert S. , Goel Ajay , Keku Temitope O. 
Published: June 2018

AbstractDifferences in tumor characteristics might partially account for mortality disparities between African American (AA) and European American (EA) colorectal cancer patients. We evaluated effect modification by race for exposure and patient-outcomes associations with colorectal tumor methylation among 218 AA and 267 EA colorectal cancer cases from the population-based North Carolina Colon Cancer Study. Tumor methylation was assessed in CACNA1G, MLH1, NEUROG1, RUNX3, and SOCS1. We used logistic regression to assess whether associations between several lifestyle factors—intake of fruits, vegetables, folate, and non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs—and tumor methylation were modified by race. Proportional hazards models were used to evaluate whether race modified associations between tumor methylation and time to all-cause mortality. Greater fruit consumption was associated with greater odds of high NEUROG1 methylation among EA at methylation cut points of 15–35% (maximum OR 3.44, 95% CI 1.66, 7.13) but not among AA. Higher folate intake was associated with lower odds of high CACNA1G methylation among EAs but not AAs. Tumor methylation was not associated with all-cause mortality for either group. Race might modify associations between lifestyle factors and colorectal tumor methylation, but in this sample did not appear to modify associations between tumor methylation and all-cause mortality.
Resistive switching in optoelectronic III-V materials based on deep traps
Authors: Schnedler M. , Portz V. , Semmler U. , Moors M. , Waser R. , Dunin-Borkowski R. E. , Ebert Ph. 
Published: June 2018

AbstractResistive switching random access memories (ReRAM) are promising candidates for energy efficient, fast, and non-volatile universal memories that unite the advantages of RAM and hard drives. Unfortunately, the current ReRAM materials are incompatible with optical interconnects and wires. Optical signal transmission is, however, inevitable for next generation memories in order to overcome the capacity-bandwidth trade-off. Thus, we present here a proof-of-concept of a new type of resistive switching realized in III-V semiconductors, which meet all requirements for the implementation of optoelectronic circuits. This resistive switching effect is based on controlling the spatial positions of vacancy-induced deep traps by stimulated migration, opening and closing a conduction channel through a semi-insulating compensated surface layer. The mechanism is widely applicable to opto-electronically usable III-V compound semiconductors.
Relationship of polymorphisms in the tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinase (TIMP)-1 and -2 genes with chronic heart failure
Authors: Polina Evelise Regina , Araújo Raquel Rosa Candebat Vallejo , Sbruzzi Renan Cesar , Biolo Andréia , Rohde Luís Eduardo , Clausell Nadine , dos Santos Kátia Gonçalves 
Published: June 2018

AbstractDysregulated expression of tissue inhibitors of matrix metalloproteinases (TIMPs) is associated with systolic dysfunction and worsening heart failure (HF). However, no study has assessed the relationship between TIMP polymorphisms and chronic HF. In this study, 300 HF outpatients with reduced left ventricular ejection fraction and 304 healthy blood donors were genotyped for the 372 T > C polymorphism (Phe124Phe; rs4898) in the TIMP-1 gene and the −418 G > C polymorphism (rs8179090) in the TIMP-2 gene to investigate whether these polymorphisms are associated with HF susceptibility and prognosis. The genotype and allele frequencies of the 372 T > C polymorphism in HF patients were not significantly different from those observed among healthy subjects, and the C allele of the −418 G > C polymorphism was very rare in our population (frequency < 1%). After a median follow-up duration of 5.5 years, 121 patients (40.3%) died (67 of them from HF). Survival analysis did not show statistically significant differences in all-cause death and HF-related death between patients with and without the T allele (P > 0.05 for all comparisons). Thus, our findings do not support the hypothesis that the 372 T > C (Phe124Phe) polymorphism in the TIMP-1 gene and the −418 G > C polymorphism in the TIMP-2 gene are associated with HF susceptibility and prognosis in Southern Brazilians.
RETRACTED ARTICLE: Peri-implantitis-associated methanogens: a preliminary report
Authors: Belkacemi Souad , Mazel Anthony , Tardivo Delphine , Tavitian Patrick , Stephan Grégory , Bianca Giancarlo , Terrer Elodie , Drancourt Michel , Aboudharam Gérard 
Published: June 2018

AbstractMethanogens have already been described in periodontitis but not in peri-implantitis. Thirty peri-implantitis samples and 28 control samples were collected in 28 consenting peri-implantitis patients. PCR-sequencing of the 16S rRNA gene was used as a broad-spectrum screening method and results were further confirmed by real-time quantitative PCR targeting the mcrA genes. Results showed a methanogen community dominated by Methanobrevibacter oralis in 31/58 (51%) samples including 16/28 (57%) control samples and 15/30 (50%) peri-implantitis samples. Methanobrevibacter massiliense was detected in 5/58 (8.6%) samples including 3/28 (1%) control samples and 2/30 (6.7%) peri-implantitis samples. The prevalence of M. oralis or M. massiliense did not significantly differ in peri-implantitis and control samples (exact Fisher test, P = 0.61 and P = 0.67, respectively). Further ponderation of the methanogen load by the real-time quantitative PCR for actin human gene again indicated non-significant difference (Wilcoxon-Mann-Whitney test, P = 0.48 and P = 0.40, respectively). These data show that the prevalence of methanogens does not differ in peri-implantitis lesions and healthy sites, when individuals are their own control. These data do not allow assigning a specific pathogenic role to methanogens in peri-implantitis; methanogens rather are part of the commensal and normal flora of the oral cavity.
Carriage of multi-drug resistant bacteria among foreigners seeking medical care
Authors: Benenson Shmuel , Nir-Paz Ran , Golomb Mordechai , Schwartz Carmela , Amit Sharon , Moses Allon E. , Cohen Matan J. 
Published: June 2018

AbstractMedical tourism has a potential of spreading multi-drug resistant bacteria (MDR). The Hadassah Medical Center serves as a referral center for global medical tourists and for Palestinian Authority residents. In order to assess whether patients of these groups are more likely to harbor MDR bacteria than local residents, we reviewed data from all patients admitted to our institution between 2009 and 2014. We compared MDR rates between countries of residency, controlling for gender, age, previous hospitalization and time from admission to MDR detection. Overall, among 111,577 patients with at least one microbiological specimen taken during hospitalization, there were 3,985 (3.5%) patients with at least one MDR-positive culture. Compared to Israeli patients, tourists and patients from the Palestinian Authority had increased rates of MDR positivity (OR, 95%CI): 2.3 (1.6 to 2.3) and 8.0 (6.3 to 10.1), respectively. Our data show that foreign patients seeking advanced medical care are more likely to carry MDR bacteria than the resident population. Strategies to minimize MDR spread, such as pre-admission screening or pre-emptive isolation should be considered in this population.
Galaktografie mit Tomosynthese (Galaktomosynthese) – Renaissance einer Methode?
Authors: Schulz-Wendtland Rüdiger , Preuss Caroline , Fasching Peter , Loehberg Christian , Lux Michael , Emons Julius , Beckmann Matthias , Uder Michael , Mueller-Schimpfle Markus 
Published: June 2018

Zusammenfassung
Einleitung Die konventionelle Galaktografie stellte jahrzehntelang das einzige bildgebende Verfahren zur Darstellung von Milchgängen in der Brust dar. Heute verfügen wir in der Diagnostik über ein multimodales Konzept aus hochauflösendem Ultraschall, der Magnetresonanz-(MR-)Mammografie und der Duktoskopie/Galaktoskopie mit Sensitivitäten und Spezifitäten bis zu 95%. Ziel unserer Untersuchung war es, erstmalig die Tomosynthesetechnik in der Galaktografie einzusetzen und die daraus generierten synthetischen digitalen 2-D-Vollfeld-Mammografien mit der etablierten Methode der duktusorientierten Sonografie zu vergleichen. Es sollen mit beiden Methoden invasive Mammakarzinome und deren Vorstufen wie duktale Carcinoma in situ (DCIS) sowie benigne Befunde erkannt werden.
Material und Methoden Wir führten bei 5 Patientinnen mit pathologischer Mamillensekretion sowohl eine duktusorientierte Sonografie, eine kontrastmittelunterstützte Galaktografie mithilfe der Tomosynthese in 3-D sowie auch den daraus generierten synthetischen digitalen 2-D-Vollfeld-Mammografien durch. Die Auswertung der unterschiedlichen Untersuchungsmodalitäten erfolgte durch 3 in der komplementären Mammadiagnostik erfahrene Untersucher (1, 5 und 15 Jahre) und wurde mit der endgültigen Histologie korreliert.
Ergebnisse Alle 3 Untersucher beurteilten unabhängig voneinander die Bilder des duktusorientierten Ultraschalls und der kontrastmittelunterstützten Galaktografie in Tomosynthesetechnik in 3-D und den daraus generierten, synthetischen digitalen 2-D-Vollfeld-Mammografien. Die Ergebnisse wurden mit den histopathologischen Befunden der Operationspräparate korreliert, wobei sich bei den 5 Patientinnen 1 invasives Mammakarzinom, 2-mal ein duktales Carcinoma in situ (DCIS) und 2 benigne Befunde ergaben. Alle 3 Untersucher lagen bei der Verdachtsdiagnose in der Standardbildgebung der duktusorientierten Sonografie seltener richtig als bei der erstmalig durchgeführten, kontrastmittelunterstützten Galaktografie in Tomosynthesetechnik und den daraus generierten, synthetischen digitalen 2-D-Vollfeld-Mammografien.
Schlussfolgerung Erstmalig wurde die Brusttomosynthese in der Galaktografie (Galaktomosynthese) eingesetzt und ermöglichte eine digitale, 3-dimensionale Darstellung von suspekten Befunden. Zusammen mit den daraus synthetisierten, digitalen 2-D-Vollfeld-Mammografien könnte dies in Zukunft eine sinnvolle Ergänzung der komplementären Mammadiagnostik sein – und eine Renaissance dieser Methode. Im Vergleich mit dem duktusorientierten Ultraschall in Hochauflösung erzielten die Untersucher mit der kontrastmittelunterstützten Galaktografie in Tomosynthesetechnik und den daraus generierten, synthetischen digitalen 2-D-Vollfeld-Mammografien bessere Ergebnisse in Korrelation mit den histopathologischen Befunden.
Toward the Future of Early Intervention for Adult Hearing Loss
Authors: Barbee Christi , Danhauer Jeffrey , Jilla Anna , Kimball Suzanne , Seever Katie , Johnson Carole 
Published: June 2018

AbstractThis issue of Seminars in Hearing has focused on the early intervention of adult sensorineural hearing loss (SNHL). Contributions to this monograph have taken a contemporary issues approach to the prevention, diagnosis, and treatment of mild SNHL. This article looks toward the future and discusses clinical and research implications for the early intervention of adult SNHL.
The cult of Señor de los Milagros of Peruvians in Italy.
Authors: Cruzzolin R. 
Published: June 2018

Abstract

This chapter reflects on the worship of the Señor de los Milagros by Peruvian immigrants in Italy, and the related pilgrimages held in Perugia and Rome. The chapter intends to illustrate the way in which the members of the Peruvian diaspora have been able to realize and use a counter-hegemonic discourse that redefines the boundary between visibility and invisibility in Italian society, giving rise to a discussion on the relationship between Catholicism and migration.
Cultural diversity in a local French pilgrimage.
Authors: Etienne G. 
Published: June 2018

Abstract

This chapter describes the Sainte-Solange pilgrimage in the Berry region of France, focusing particularly on specifically Portuguese-related practices in order to understand their role. The chapter also describes how the participants have become more diverse, and particularly how the local clergy see the presence of 'tourists' and 'sightseers', as the unwanted participants they are referred to. Finally, the chapter analyses how the various pilgrims perceive the event today. It is thus shown that, over and above its religious character, the pilgrimage has acquired a variety of meanings, which are now either accepted or deliberately left unspoken, thanks notably to the Portuguese, who are acknowledged by the local clergy and organizers to have saved the event.
Sodium Intake Is associated With Endothelial Damage Biomarkers and Metabolic Dysregulation
Authors: Campino Carmen , Baudrand Rene , Valdivia Carolina A , Carvajal Cristian , Vecchiola Andrea , Tapia-Castillo Alejandra , Martínez-Aguayo Alejandro , Garcia Hernán , García Lorena , Allende Fidel , Solari Sandra , Fuentes Cristóbal A , Lagos Carlos F , Rojas Maria Paulina , Muñoz Doris , Fardella Carlos E 
Published: June 2018

AbstractBACKGROUNDMounting evidence has associated high sodium (HS) intake with hypertension, cardiovascular disease, and stroke. We investigated whether HS intake modulates the parameters of endothelial damage, inflammation, and oxidative stress.METHODSWe used a cross-sectional study design including 223 Chilean subjects (6.9–65.0 years old). We measured aldosterone, renin activity, cortisol, cortisone, adiponectin, leptin, hsCRP, interleukin 6 (IL-6), tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), plasminogen activator inhibitor type 1 (PAI-1), metalloproteinase (MMP)-9 and MMP-2 activity, and malondialdehyde. Sodium and creatinine were measured in 24-hour urine samples. The subjects were divided by sodium intake, high sodium (HS): ≥150 mEq/day, n = 118, and adequate sodium (AS): &lt;150 mEq/day, n = 105.RESULTSWe observed a positive correlation between urinary sodium excretion and blood pressure (r = 0.1669, P = 0.0124 for systolic and r = 0.2416, P = 0.0003 for diastolic), glycemia (r = 0.2660, P &lt; 0.0001), and triglycerides (r = 0.1604, P = 0.0175) and a highly significant correlation between sodium excretion and PAI-1 (r = 0.2701, P &lt; 0.0001). An inverse correlation was observed between urinary sodium and HDL-cholesterol (r = −0.2093, P = 0.0018) and adiponectin (r = −0.2679, P &lt; 0.0001). In a linear regression model, urinary sodium excretion remained significantly associated with PAI-1 values even after adjusting for age, gender, and BMI. The HS group had higher blood pressure, glycemia, HOMA-IR, atherogenic index of plasma, and PAI-1 values than the group with AS intake.CONCLUSIONSHS intake is associated with endothelial damage (high PAI-1) and metabolic dysregulation. On the other hand, inflammation and oxidative stress parameters are not modified by sodium intake.
Matrix Metalloproteinase Inhibition in a Murine Model of Cavitary Tuberculosis Paradoxically Worsens Pathology
Authors: Ordonez Alvaro A , Pokkali Supriya , Sanchez-Bautista Julian , Klunk Mariah H , Urbanowski Michael E , Kübler André , Bishai William R , Elkington Paul T , Jain Sanjay K 
Published: June 2018

Abstract
Matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) degrade extracellular matrix and are implicated in tuberculosis pathogenesis and cavitation. In particular, MMP-7 is induced by hypoxia and highly expressed around pulmonary cavities of Mycobacterium tuberculosis–infected C3HeB/FeJ mice. In this study, we evaluated whether administration of cipemastat, an orally available potent inhibitor of MMP-7, could reduce pulmonary cavitation in M. tuberculosis–infected C3HeB/FeJ mice. We demonstrate that, compared with untreated controls, cipemastat treatment paradoxically increases the frequency of cavitation (32% vs 7%; P = .029), immunopathology, and mortality. Further studies are needed to understand the role of MMP inhibitors as adjunctive treatments for pulmonary tuberculosis.
In the emergency department
Authors: Cascarini Luke , Schilling Clare , Gurney Ben , Brennan Peter 
Published: June 2018

Abstract
This chapter discusses oral and maxillofacial surgery in the A&E department, including, The paediatric OMFS patient, Overview of maxillofacial trauma, Mandibular fractures, Zygomatic fractures, Orbital floor fractures, Maxillary fractures, Nose, naso-ethmoidal, and frontal bone fractures, Face and scalp soft tissue injuries, Penetrating injuries to the neck, Intra-oral injuries, Dento-alveolar trauma, Dento-alveolar infections, Post-extraction complications, Head and neck soft tissue infections, Salivary gland diseases, and Miscellaneous conditions
In the clinic
Authors: Cascarini Luke , Schilling Clare , Gurney Ben , Brennan Peter 
Published: June 2018

Abstract
This chapter discusses oral and maxillofacial surgery in the clinic, including, Mandible fractures, Orbital floor fractures, Zygoma fractures, Maxillary fractures, Nose, naso-ethmoidal, and frontal bone fractures, Face and scalp soft tissue injuries, Dento-alveolar: assessment for extractions, Dento-alveolar: impacted teeth, Dento-alveolar: jaw pathologies, Temporomandibular joint problems, Oral and facial pain, Management of oral lesions, Management of neck lumps, Skin tumours, Work-up for major head and neck oncoplastic surgery, Reviewing head and neck cancer patients, Salivary gland diseases, Orthognathic patients, and Miscellaneous conditions in the clinic
In the theatre
Authors: Cascarini Luke , Schilling Clare , Gurney Ben , Brennan Peter 
Published: June 2018

Abstract
This chapter discusses oral and maxillofacial surgery in the theatre, including operations, Overview of maxillofacial trauma surgery -Mandibular fractures, Zygomatic fractures, Orbital floor fractures, Other fractures, Dento-alveolar surgery, Head and neck oncology and reconstructive surgery, Salivary gland surgery, Orthognathic surgery, Facial plastic surgery, and Miscellaneous operations
‘I was professor in India and here I am a taxi driver’: Middle class Indian migrants to New Zealand
Authors: Hussain Yasmin 
Published: June 2018

AbstractThis paper examines the experiences of middle class Indian migrants to New Zealand. Using qualitative data from interviews with this under-researched group the paper analyses their migratory strategies, labour market experiences and reasons for choosing New Zealand over other potential destinations. In the New Zealand labour market they experience an under valuation of their Indian qualifications, and interviewees reported taking low level service employment, and only sometimes progressing to middle class forms of employment. In addition, data from the interviews suggests that there is evidence of a ‘brain drain’ from India to New Zealand rather than a circulation of talent that has been the focus of recent theories. Unlike other studies of migration of highly qualified Indian labour this study finds that they are attracted by the environment and family friendly lifestyle of New Zealand as marketed by the New Zealand government to potential immigrants. Contrary to many previous studies, the findings suggest that migration is a family rather than an individual strategy.