bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Optimistic, realistic, and pessimistic illness perceptions; quality of life; and survival among 2457 cancer survivors: the population‐based PROFILES registry
Authors: de Rooij Belle H. , Thong Melissa S.Y. , van Roij Janneke , Bonhof Cynthia S. , Husson Olga , Ezendam Nicole P. M. 
Published: September 2018

BACKGROUNDThreatening illness perceptions (IPs) have been associated with poorer health outcomes. However, to the authors' knowledge, it remains unclear whether threatening IPs that are consistent with disease severity are equally harmful. The aim of the current study was to: 1) identify subgroups of cancer survivors based on IPs and prognosis; and 2) assess the health‐related quality of life (HRQOL) and survival associated with these subgroups.METHODSThe authors used survey data from the population‐based Patient Reported Outcomes Following Initial treatment and Long term Evaluation of Survivorship (PROFILES) registry, which were collected between 2008 and 2015 and included 2457 cancer survivors who were <5 years after their cancer diagnosis (colon, rectal, prostate, endometrial, or ovarian cancer or non‐Hodgkin lymphoma). Clinical and survival data were collected through the Netherlands Cancer Registry. Subgroups were defined by IPs (Brief Illness Perception Questionnaire) and prognosis (conditional 5‐year relative survival) into survivors with 1) IPs consistent with prognosis (“realistic”); 2) less threatening IPs than expected based on prognosis (“optimistic”); and 3) more threatening IPs than expected based on prognosis (“pessimistic”).RESULTSCompared with survivors with realistic IPs (1230 survivors), those with optimistic IPs (582 survivors) were found to have a higher HRQOL (P < .01 on all European Organization for the Research and Treatment of Cancer Quality of Life Questionnaire Core 30 [EORTC QLQ‐C30] scales) and a lower all‐cause mortality (hazard ratio, 0.72; P < .01), whereas those with pessimistic IPs (645 survivors) had a lower HRQOL (P < .01 on all scales) and a higher all‐cause mortality (hazard ratio, 1.52; P < .01).CONCLUSIONSOptimistic IPs are associated with better HRQOL and survival, even if they may appear to be unrealistic with respect to cancer survivors' prognosis. Survivors with pessimistic IPs appear to have the worst outcomes. Therefore, efforts are needed to provide better support to patients with pessimistic IPs to improve their outcomes. Cancer 2018;124:3609‐17. © The Authors. Cancer published by Wiley Periodicals, Inc. on behalf of American Cancer Society. This is an open access article under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution‐NonCommercial‐NoDerivs License, which permits use and distribution in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited, the use is non‐commercial and no modifications or adaptations are made.
Towards scalable pattern‐based optimization for dense linear algebra
Authors: Berényi Dániel , Leitereg András , Lehel Gábor 
Published: September 2018

SummaryLinear algebraic expressions are the essence of many computationally intensive problems, including scientific simulations and machine learning applications. However, translating high‐level formulations of these expressions to efficient machine‐level representations is far from trivial: developers should be assisted by automatic optimization tools so that they can focus their attention on high‐level problems, rather than low‐level details. The tractability of these optimizations is highly dependent on the choice of the primitive constructs in terms of which the computations are to be expressed. In this work, we propose to describe operations on multi‐dimensional arrays using a selection of higher‐order functions, inspired by functional programming, and we present rewrite rules for these such that they can be automatically optimized for modern hierarchical and heterogeneous architectures. Using this formalism, we systematically construct and analyze different subdivisions and permutations of the dense matrix multiplication problem.
Anion Exchange at the Liquid/Solid Interface of Ultrathin Ionic Liquid Films on Ag(111)
Authors: Lexow Matthias , Heller Bettina S. J. , Maier Florian , Steinrück Hans‐Peter 
Published: September 2018

AbstractThin ionic liquid (IL) films play an important role in many applications. To obtain a better understanding of the ion distribution within IL mixture films, we sequentially deposited ultrathin layers of two ILs with the same cation but different anions onto Ag(111), and monitored their dynamic behaviour by angle‐resolved X‐ray photoelectron spectroscopy. Upon depositing [C8C1Im][PF6] on top of a wetting layer of [C8C1Im][Tf2N] at room temperature (RT), we found a pronounced enrichment of the [Tf2N]− anions at the IL/vacuum interface, due to a rapid anion exchange at the IL/solid interface. In contrast, at 90 K, the [Tf2N]− anions remain at the IL/solid interface. Upon heating, we observe a rearrangement of the cations between 140 and 160 K, such that the octyl chains preferentially point towards the vacuum. Above 170 K, the ions start to become mobile, and at 220 K, the anion exchange is completed, with the [Tf2N]− anions enriched at the IL/vacuum interface in the same way as found for deposition at RT. The temperature range for the anion exchange corresponds well to glass transition temperatures reported in literature. We propose two driving forces to be cooperatively responsible for the replacement/exchange of [Tf2N]− at the IL/solid interface and its enrichment at the IL/vacuum interface. First, the adsorption energy of [C8C1Im][PF6] is significantly larger than that of [C8C1Im][Tf2N], and second, the surface tension of [C8C1Im][Tf2N] is lower than that of [C8C1Im][PF6].
Pancreatic Beta Cell Differentiation From Human Pluripotent Stem Cells
Authors: Sui Lina , Leibel Rudolph L. , Egli Dieter 
Published: September 2018

AbstractInsulin‐expressing beta cells are crucial for the maintenance of systemic glucose homeostasis. Elucidation of the molecular and cellular mechanisms of beta cell development, expansion, survival, and function are required for full understanding of the molecular pathogenesis of diabetes. However, access to human beta cells for such studies is limited by virtue of the logistics of acquisition, prior medical status of donor, and imperfect culture systems for maintaining beta cell identity and function after isolation from human pancreas. Here, a technique for generation of beta cells from human pluripotent stem cells (hPSCs) by modification of key signaling pathways during islet development is described. Up to 70% C‐peptide–positive beta cells can be obtained from endodermal anlagen after 27 days of differentiation with specific growth factors and small molecules. Although 50% of them are monohormonal C‐peptide–positive cells and have molecular and cellular characteristics consistent with human beta cells in the Islets of Langerhans, a sub‐population co‐expressing other endocrine markers are also generated, indicating the immaturity of these cells. © 2018 by John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
Mechanistic Study of the Synergy between Iron and Transition Metals for the Catalysis of the Oxygen Evolution Reaction
Authors: Gong Luo , Koh Jiarui , Yeo Boon Siang 
Published: September 2018

AbstractA comprehensive study of the synergy between Fe and six transition metals (M=Ti, Co, Ni, Cu, Ag, Au), and how their M–Fe oxides electrocatalyze the oxygen evolution reaction (OER) was undertaken. Measurements were made using metal disks as the working electrodes and the addition of Fe3+ ions to the 1 m KOH electrolyte. The surfaces of the metal disks were oxidized after the OER. Interestingly, Fe interacted synergistically with all metal oxide layers except for that of Ti, resulting in enhanced catalytic activity for the OER. At an overpotential (η) of 400 mV, the current densities of the Ni and Ag disks in the Fe3+ ions‐spiked electrolyte increased by 253 and 132 times, respectively, whereas it was only 20–30 times for the Co and Cu disks (compared with the OER in pure KOH at η=400 mV). The Tafel slopes of the Fe, Co, Ni, Cu, and Ag disks in 1 m KOH+Fe3+ electrolyte were in the range of 29–42 mV dec−1. The surface morphology and post‐OER concentration of Fe in the catalysts could not be used to account for differences in the OER activities. Cyclic voltammetry showed that improvements in the OER performance were accompanied by changes in the redox features of the metal disk electrodes, which indicated the presence of electronic interactions between them and the Fe3+. Strikingly, this was not observed between Ti and the Fe3+ ions, which could explain the lack of synergy between Ti and Fe3+ towards the OER catalysis. Electrochemical impedance spectroscopy indicated that the charge‐transfer resistances of all the electrodes (except Ti) decreased after the addition of Fe3+ ions. Fe plays an important role in all these observed phenomena and we propose that the surface‐adsorbed Fe species serve as the main active sites for OER in these synergistic M–Fe combinations.
A causality dilemma: ARFID, malnutrition, psychosis, and hypomagnesemia
Authors: Wassenaar Elizabeth , O'Melia Anne Marie , Mehler Philip S 
Published: September 2018

AbstractWe present a novel case of a woman with coincident occurrence of auditory and visual hallucinations, electrolyte disturbances, chloride unresponsive alkalosis, and an eating disorder. The patient was ultimately diagnosed with Gitelman syndrome comorbid with schizophreniform disorder and avoidant restrictive food intake disorder. Eating disorders are often associated with electrolyte abnormalities which, in turn, can cause or contribute to other neuropsychiatric symptoms. At the same time, psychotic disorders can lead to food intake aversions or overconsumption of fluids with associated effects on electrolyte balance. In this case, a third factor, Gitelman syndrome, resulted in persistent hypomagnesemia with metabolic alkalosis and, while separate from her eating disorder, simultaneously reinforced the patient's strong food preferences, excessive fluid intake, and excessive movement related to her complaints of persistent joint pain.
Gender differences in eating disorder psychopathology across DSM‐5 severity categories of anorexia nervosa and bulimia nervosa
Authors: Zayas Lazaro V. , Wang Shirley B. , Coniglio Kathryn , Becker Kendra , Murray Helen B. , Klosterman Eric , Kay Brian , Bean Pamela , Weltzin Theodore , Franko Debra L. , Eddy Kamryn T. , Thomas Jennifer J. 
Published: September 2018

AbstractObjectiveThis study examined whether patterns of eating‐disorder (ED) psychopathology differed by gender across DSM‐5 severity specifiers in anorexia nervosa (AN) and bulimia nervosa (BN).MethodWe tested whether ED psychopathology differed across DSM‐5 severity specifiers among 532 adults (76% female) in a residential treatment center with AN or BN. We hypothesized that severity of ED psychopathology would increase in tandem with increasing severity classifications for both males and females with AN and BN.ResultsAmong females with BN, DSM‐5 severity categories were significantly associated with increasing ED psychopathology, including Eating Disorder Examination‐Questionnaire dietary restraint, eating concern, shape concern, and weight concern; and Eating Disorder Inventory drive for thinness and bulimia. ED psychopathology did not differ across DSM‐5 severity levels for males with BN. For both males and females with AN, there were no differences in ED psychopathology across severity levels.DiscussionResults demonstrate that DSM‐5 severity specifiers may function differently for males versus females with BN. Taken together, data suggest DSM‐5 severity specifiers may not adequately capture severity, as intended, for males with BN and all with AN. Future research should evaluate additional clinical validators of DSM‐5 severity categories (e.g., chronicity, treatment non‐response), and consider alternate classification schemes.
Activation of protein phosphatase 1 by a selective phosphatase disrupting peptide reduces sarcoplasmic reticulum Ca2+ leak in human heart failure
Authors: Fischer Thomas H. , Eiringhaus Jörg , Dybkova Nataliya , Saadatmand Alireza , Pabel Steffen , Weber Silvio , Wang Yansong , Köhn Maja , Tirilomis Theodor , Ljubojevic Senka , Renner André , Gummert Jan , Maier Lars S. , Hasenfuß Gerd , El‐Armouche Ali , Sossalla Samuel 
Published: September 2018

BackgroundDisruption of Ca2+ homeostasis is a key pathomechanism in heart failure. CaMKII‐dependent hyperphosphorylation of ryanodine receptors in the sarcoplasmic reticulum (SR) increases the arrhythmogenic SR Ca2+ leak and depletes SR Ca2+ stores. The contribution of conversely acting serine/threonine phosphatases [protein phosphatase 1 (PP1) and 2A (PP2A)] is largely unknown.Methods and resultsHuman myocardium from three groups of patients was investigated: (i) healthy controls (non‐failing, NF, n = 8), (ii) compensated hypertrophy (Hy, n = 16), and (iii) end‐stage heart failure (HF, n = 52). Expression of PP1 was unchanged in Hy but greater in HF compared to NF while its endogenous inhibitor‐1 (I‐1) was markedly lower expressed in both compared to NF, suggesting increased total PP1 activity. In contrast, PP2A expression was lower in Hy and HF compared to NF. Ca2+ homeostasis was severely disturbed in HF compared to Hy signified by a higher SR Ca2+ leak, lower systolic Ca2+ transients as well as a decreased SR Ca2+ load. Inhibition of PP1/PP2A by okadaic acid increased SR Ca2+ load and systolic Ca2+ transients but severely aggravated diastolic SR Ca2+ leak and cellular arrhythmias in Hy. Conversely, selective activation of PP1 by a PP1‐disrupting peptide (PDP3) in HF potently reduced SR Ca2+ leak as well as cellular arrhythmias and, importantly, did not compromise systolic Ca2+ release and SR Ca2+ load.ConclusionThis study is the first to functionally investigate the role of PP1/PP2A for Ca2+ homeostasis in diseased human myocardium. Our data indicate that a modulation of phosphatase activity potently impacts Ca2+ cycling properties. An activation of PP1 counteracts increased kinase activity in heart failure and successfully seals the arrhythmogenic SR Ca2+ leak. It may thus represent a promising future antiarrhythmic therapeutic approach.
Further evidence for sustainable alternatives to replace threatened animal horn based on quantitative proteomic analysis
Authors: Liu Rui , Huang Qiong , Zhu Zhenhua , Zhang Yan , Qian Dawei , Duan Jin‐Ao 
Published: September 2018

AbstractIn the present study, a quantitative proteomic approach was used to analyze and compare the proteome in horns from endangered species (rhinoceros, Saiga antelope, and Tibetan antelope) and common species (yak, water buffalo, and goat) based on the isobaric tag for relative and absolute quantification techniques. In total, 591 proteins were identified, and 321 were quantified and categorized based on molecular function, cellular component, and biological process. Principal component analysis and hierarchical clustering analysis results based on differences in the amount of protein identified three major clusters, and proteins including transglutaminase, desmocollin, and elongation factors were selected as trait components from proteomic patterns of horn samples from different species. Quantitative proteomic analysis based strategies can therefore provide further evidence for sustainable alternatives to replace animal horn from threatened species.
Rosmarinic acid‐loaded electrospun nanofibers: In vitro release kinetic study and bioactivity assessment
Authors: Vatankhah Elham 
Published: September 2018

AbstractThis study seeks to develop a nanofibrous matrix containing rosmarinic acid (RosA), an herbal non‐steroidal anti‐inflammatory and antioxidant drug with low water solubility, for drug delivery applications. Neat and two types of RosA‐loaded cellulose acetate (CA) mats varying in the initial content of RosA were electrospun. Microstructure of nanofibers, chemistry and physical state of RosA in nanofibers, RosA loading efficiency and RosA release in acetate buffer were investigated. To evaluate bioactivity of RosA‐loaded nanofibers, their ability to inhibit protein denaturation was assayed as an indicator of anti‐inflammatory properties and their antioxidant activity was determined by radical scavenging assay. The indirect cytotoxicity assay was used to find if there is a cytotoxic response to nanofibers. The homogeneous distribution of the drug within nanofibers through electrospinning led to high loading efficiency, low burst release and prolonged release of a large percentage of RosA over a period of 64h following Fickian diffusion mechanism. Nanofibers with higher RosA content exhibited anti‐inflammatory activity comparable to ibuprofen, and higher antioxidant activity compared to nanofibers with lower RosA content. Additionally, extracts from nanofibers did not give any major harmful effect on cells. Sustained release of RosA, and bioactivity of RosA‐loaded nanofibers confirmed the potential of the produced matrix as a drug delivery system.
Performance of viscous damping in inelastic seismic analysis of moment‐frame buildings
Authors: Hall John F. 
Published: September 2018

SummaryThis paper investigates the performance of viscous damping in the inelastic seismic analysis of moment‐frame buildings using a detailed model of a 20‐story steel structure. Damping schemes included are Rayleigh, condensed Rayleigh, Wilson‐Penzien, tangent Rayleigh, elastic velocity Rayleigh, and capped damping. Caughey damping is found not to be computationally viable. Differences among the damping schemes, as quantified by plastic hinge rotations and story drifts, become noticeable once these quantities reach the 3% level. In order of least to greatest hinge rotations and story drifts that occur under lateral response to horizontal ground motion, the damping schemes rank as Rayleigh (most damping action), condensed Rayleigh, Wilson‐Penzien, tangent Rayleigh and capped damping, which are about the same, and elastic velocity Rayleigh (least damping action). Performance of Rayleigh damping under vertical ground motion is discussed, including the effect of soil‐structure interaction. The propensity of Rayleigh damping to generate excessive damping forces and moments during inelastic seismic analysis is explained, and a parameter is introduced that can predict the potential magnitude of the effect. A review of some literature on amplified Rayleigh damping moments is also presented.
The U.S. Federal Evaluation Market
Authors: Lemire Sebastian , Fierro Leslie A. , Kinarsky Alana R. , Fujita‐Conrads Emi , Christie Christina A. 
Published: September 2018

AbstractThis chapter describes the main features of the demand side of the U.S. federal evaluation market. The chapter is structured according to three sections. Section one provides a historical account of the overarching developments of the U.S. federal evaluation market, awarding special attention to the legislative drivers of federal funding for evaluation. In logical extension, the second section documents the current federal evaluation funding across the twenty‐two non‐defense departments subject to the provisions in the 2010 Government Performance and Results Modernization Act. Advancing toward a better understanding of the federal procurement and contracting of evaluation, a more fine‐grained analysis of evaluation contracts in the Department of Health and Human Services is provided. Finally, the third section concludes the chapter by summarizing and considering the implications of the findings in relation to evaluation practice.
The Evolving Market for Systematic Evaluation in Canada
Authors: Lahey Robert , Elliott Catherine , Heath Sarah 
Published: September 2018

AbstractThe professionalization of evaluation and the need for educational programs and accreditation has taken on increasing importance in Canada over the 2000s. Central to these issues is the need to understand the nature of the evaluation industry, both from the “supply” and “demand” side. While there have been fragmented discussions about the nature of evaluation in the federal government (e.g., Lahey, 2010; Segsworth, 2005) and the provinces and territories (e.g., Gauthier et al., 2009), there remains a dearth of information about the nature and behavior of the evaluation industry in Canada as a whole. This chapter offers an exploratory investigation into the evaluation industry in Canada, examining both the demand and the supply side, along with a historical context that serves as a backdrop in understanding the current structure of the Canadian industry. The study examines how various factors affect market behavior, and reflects on considerations for the future of the Canadian evaluation industry.
Diagnostic framing of IgM monoclonal gammopathy: Focus on Waldenström macroglobulinemia
Authors: Tedeschi Alessandra , Conticello Concetta , Rizzi Rita , Benevolo Giulia , Laurenti Luca , Petrucci Maria Teresa , Zaja Francesco , Varettoni Marzia 
Published: September 2018

AbstractThe finding of an IgM monoclonal gammopathy often represents a diagnostic challenge. In fact, there are many pathological disorders associated with this condition, each of which has distinctive characteristics and requires specific clinical, instrumental, and laboratory assessments to set the appropriate treatment. This review has two aims. Firstly, to provide a framework of the broad spectrum of IgM‐associated disorders: (1) monoclonal gammopathy of undetermined significance (MGUS); (2) Waldenström macroglobulinemia (WM); (3) IgM‐related disorders (among which hyperviscosity syndrome, light chain amyloidosis, cold agglutinin disease, cryoglobulinaemia, IgM neuropathy, Polyneuropathy, organomegaly, endocrinopathy, monoclonal gammopathy, skin changes (POEMS) syndrome, Castleman disease); (4) IgM‐secreting multiple myeloma (IgM‐MM); and (5) other lymphoproliferative disorders which may be associated with IgM (such as chronic lymphocytic leukemia, small lymphocytic lymphoma, and B‐cell non Hodgkin lymphoma). Secondly, to give a detailed insight regarding diagnosis and treatment of WM.
Inside Back Cover: Multiphoton dynamic imaging of the effect of chronic hepatic diseases on hepatobiliary metabolism in vivo (J. Biophotonics 9/2018)
Authors: Lin Chih‐Ju , Lee Sheng‐Lin , Wang Wei‐Hsiang , Hovhannisyan Vladimir A. , Huang Yao‐De , Lee Hsuan‐Shu , Dong Chen‐Yuan 
Published: September 2018

In vivo multiphoton imaging was used to map changes in hepatobiliary metabolism in liver fibrosis (left column) and hepatocellular carcinoma (right column). The top row shows the maps of kinetic rate constant of the uptake and esterase processing while the bottom row shows that of bile canalicular excretion of xenobiotics.Further details can be found in the article by Chih‐Ju Lin, Sheng‐Lin Lee, Wei‐Hsiang Wang, et al. (e201700338).
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Back Cover: Joint tagging assisted fluctuation nanoscopy enables fast high‐density super‐resolution imaging (J. Biophotonics 9/2018)
Authors: Zeng Zhiping , Ma Jing , Xi Peng , Xu Canhua 
Published: September 2018

Based on multicolor quantum dots (QDs) labeling, the joint tagging assisted super‐resolution radial fluctuation (JT‐SRRF) nanoscopy achieves high‐fidelity super‐resolution imaging of subcellular microtubules and fast live‐cell parallel tracking of cholera toxin subunit B (CTB) induced lipid clusters spatially distributed below the optical diffraction limit. This method paves the way for fast high‐density parallel tracking, which is especially beneficial for the investigation of the intensive dynamics in live‐cell applications.Further details can be found in the article by Zhiping Zeng, Jing Ma, Peng Xi, and Canhua Xu (e201800020).
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