bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Phase change material with flexible crosslinking for thermal energy storage
Authors: Wang Yi , Yuan Anqian , Zhao Yuanyang , Liu Qinfeng , Lei Jingxin 
Published: September 2019

ABSTRACTThe utilization of renewable energy through phase change materials (PCMs) is particularly attractive for the realization of sustainable society. Herein, a flexible but reliable solid–solid PCM was successfully synthesized by the integration of quadruple H‐bonding crosslinks with polyethylene glycol (PEG)‐based polyurethanes. The strong quadruple H‐bonding from the dimerization of 2‐ureido‐4 [1H]‐pyrimidinone (UPy) units could act as dynamic cross‐links to maintain shape stability. PEG chains in flexible polymer network serve as phase change ingredients, affording thermal energy storage capacity. The physical crosslink density and phase change enthalpy can be adjusted. In contrast to chemical crosslinks, the physical crosslinks of UPy provide reprocessability of the prepared PCMs and show little hindrance on the crystallization of PEG chains. The chemical structure, phase transformation, crystallization, and thermal properties of prepared PCMs were characterized by fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), X‐ray diffraction, polarizing microscope, and thermogravimetric analysis. DSC analysis shows that the prepared PCM can store 101.9 J g−1 when PCMs undergo phase change process. Moreover, the accelerated thermal cycling test and leakage test are also conducted to illustrate the thermal reliability and shape‐stable properties. These PCMs that possess high phase change enthalpy and outstanding reprocessability are alternative for solar energy collection and waste heat recovery. © 2019 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Appl. Polym. Sci. 2020, 137, 48497.
RETRACTED: lncRNA HOTAIR promotes gastric cancer proliferation and metastasis via targeting miR‐126 to active CXCR4 and RhoA signaling pathway
Authors: Xiao Jun , Lai Hao , Wei Sheng‐Hong , Ye Zai‐Sheng , Gong Fu‐Sheng , Chen Lu‐Chuan 
Published: September 2019

AbstractHOTAIR, a well‐known long noncoding RNAs (lncRNA), has been recognized to contribute to the tumor metastasis in several tumors. But its role in gastric cancer remains elusive. Here, we reported an increase in HOTAIR promoted proliferation and metastasis of gastric cancer cell lines. The HOTAIR and miR‐126 level was determined in 15 paired primary gastric cancer tissues and their adjacent noncancerous gastric tissues. Over‐expression or downregulation HOTAIR was conducted in AGS or BGC‐823 cells to investigate the impact of HOTAIR in proliferation and metastasis. Then dual luciferase reporter assay was utilized to study the interaction between CXCR4 and miR‐126. Cells transfected with shHOTAIR or miR‐126 mimic were subjected to western blot to investigate the role of SDF‐1/CXCR4 signaling in HOTAIR mediated proliferation and metastasis. HOTAIR was highly expressed in gastric cancer tissues and several gastric cancer cell lines. Overexpressed HOTAIR facilitated proliferation and metastasis in vitro while HOTAIR knockdown inhibit proliferation and metastasis. A negative correlation was observed between miR‐126 and HOTAIR. And, we also confirmed the decrease in miR‐126 in clinic specimen. Furthermore, HOTAIR and miR‐126 negatively regulated each other and then increase or decrease CXCR4 expression and downstream pathway, respectively. CXCR4 was confirmed as a direct target of miR‐126. Our study demonstrated that high HOTAIR expression promote proliferation and metastasis in gastric cancer via miR‐126/CXCR4 axis and downstream signaling pathways.
Prognostic significance of CXCR4 expression in acute myeloid leukemia
Authors: Du Wen , Lu Cong , Zhu Xinyun , Hu Dong , Chen Xiangjun , Li Juan , Liu Wei , Zhu Jiang , He Yanli , Yao Junxia 
Published: September 2019

AbstractBackgroundCXCR4 chemokine receptors play an important role in leukemia proliferation, extramedullary migration, infiltration, adhesion, and resistance to chemotherapy drugs.MethodsThe CXCR4 expression by flow cytometry in 122 acute myeloid leukemia (AML) patients between 2010 and 2014 was analyzed.ResultsThe expression of CXCR4 in AML‐M4/M5 was found to be significantly higher than that of other subtypes according to both FAB subtype and WHO classification. The FLT3‐ITD mutant was significantly higher in high CXCR4 expression group (P = .0086). Our data also showed that CXCR4 expression was correlated with CD64 expression. Low CXCR4 expression on AML cells was associated with better prognosis, and the median overall survival (OS) for low CXCR4 expression patients was 318 days, compared with 206 days for patients with high CXCR4 expression (P = .045). Multivariate analysis revealed that CXCR4 expression, age, and extramedullary infiltration were independent prognostic factors.ConclusionsOur study demonstrated that CXCR4 expression in AML was an independent prognostic predictor for disease survival that could be rapidly and easily determined by flow cytometry at disease presentation.
Sadly, you made me earn it: The effect of responsibility attributions for sadness on food indulgence
Authors: Munichor Nira , Friedlander Nitzan 
Published: September 2019

AbstractThis article addresses the mixed findings of prior studies regarding hedonic food indulgence in sadness. Building upon the idea that self‐licensing may underlie the effect of sadness on food indulgence, the current research identifies responsibility attributions, namely, whether consumers attribute the cause of their sadness to themselves or to others, as an important factor that may affect sense of deservingness, and consequently affect hedonic food consumption in sadness. Four experiments show that sadness enhances food indulgence more when consumers attribute the responsibility for their sadness to others rather than to themselves. Specifically, findings show that (a) when self‐responsibility attributions are unlikely, sadness increases chocolate consumption; (b) sadness leads to a greater sense of deservingness and enhanced food indulgence when people hold others rather than themselves responsible for their sadness; and (c) the responsibility attribution effect on food indulgence in sadness is more pronounced at high levels of sadness and when the event that triggered one's sadness is significant. These findings contribute to our understanding of the factors that influence food indulgence in sadness.
Artificial Signal Transduction across Membranes
Authors: Vanuytsel Steven , Carniello Joanne , Wallace Mark Ian 
Published: September 2019

AbstractA key conundrum in the construction of an artificial cell is to simultaneously maintain a robust physical barrier to the external environment, while also providing efficient exchange of information across this barrier. Biomimicry provides a number of avenues by which such requirements might be met. Herein, we provide a brief introduction to the challenges facing this field and explore progress to date.
Characterization of Absorption Performance for Gaseous Acetone with Ionic Liquid Solutions
Authors: Wei Shi-Ming , Hu Jia-Ming , Wang Xin-Dian , Long Chao , Zhang Feng , Zhang Zhi-Bing 
Published: September 2019

AbstractNew absorbents composed of diethylene glycol monobutyl ether (DGBE), paraffin oil, and ionic liquids (ILs) were prepared for the removal of gaseous acetone. Three ILs, namely, [bmim][PF6], [bmim][BF4], and [bmim][Ac], were used to regulate the absorption performance. Different paraffin oil mass fractions and IL mass fractions were applied to determine the right formula with suitable physical properties and absorption performance. The Henry coefficients of acetone in the absorbents were measured to evaluate the influence of absorbent composition on the absorption capacity. The removal performances of these absorbents were investigated in a bubbling bottle to evaluate the combined impact of Henry coefficient and physical properties.
Investigation of the Structure of the Biochar Obtained by Slow Pyrolysis of Elephant Grass during Its Steam Gasification
Authors: Ferreira Suelem Daiane , Junges Janaína , Bassanesi Gabriela Reginato , Lazzarotto Ivan Pedro , Osório Eduardo , Godinho Marcelo 
Published: September 2019

AbstractA detailed evaluation of the structure of biochar from slow pyrolysis of elephant grass during its steam gasification was performed. The effects of surface area and inherent alkali and alkaline earth metal (AAEM) species on the reactivity of the biochar were investigated. Drastic changes in biochar structure occurred throughout the reaction, especially for low degrees of conversion. The BET surface area of the biochar increased significantly until the conversion reached 0.49, and there was a steep decrease at high degrees of conversion. The biochar showed a high AAEM concentration. The aromaticity of the biochar suggested an ordered carbon structure that can lower the reaction rate. The high syngas yield makes the process attractive for generation of renewable energy.
Thin‐Film Lithium Niobites and Their Chemical Properties for Lithium‐Ion Storage and Diffusion
Authors: Lee Dong‐Chan , Shank Joshua C. , Tellekamp M. Brooks , Doolittle W. Alan , Alamgir Faisal M. 
Published: September 2019

AbstractThin‐film lithium niobite (LiNbO2)‐based batteries that are binder‐ and conducting‐agent‐free were fabricated and tested. The 1.1 μm thick lithium niobite film was observed to have a unique (101)‐oriented crystalline arrangement with the Li deficiency. The electrode demonstrated stable cyclability with 153 mAh g−1 of reversible capacity over 400 cycles of charge/discharge at 56 mA g−1. Lithium niobite exhibited its outstanding rate performance by presenting 15 mAh g−1 even at 14 000 mA g−1 of extremely high current density as well as by exhibiting a full capacity recovery at the subsequent measurement. X‐ray diffraction confirmed a dominant single‐phase reaction of lithium niobite, where Li cations are (de)inserted into the octahedral sites between (NbO2)n− layers of edge‐shared NbO6 trigonal prisms. Post‐mortem analysis using X‐ray photoelectron spectroscopy with Ar‐ion etching revealed that, besides the main intercalation reaction from Li0.5NbO2 to LiNbO2, about 9.3 % of LiNbO2 undergoes a conversion reaction to Nb.
Ni‐Catalyzed Cyclization of Enynes and Alkynylboronates: Atom‐Economical Synthesis of Boryl‐1,4‐dienes
Authors: Cabrera‐Lobera Natalia , Quirós M. Teresa , Buñuel Elena , Cárdenas Diego J. 
Published: September 2019

AbstractWe report a novel atom‐economical Ni‐catalyzed cyclization reaction of enynes with alkynylboronates. The reaction employs a non‐expensive Ni salt, a phosphine‐based ligand and easy‐handling alkynylboronates as boron–carbon source. The reaction provides complex fused‐bicyclic compounds containing borylated 1,4‐cyclohexadienes in high yields in short reaction times, involving the formation of two C−C bonds in one step. A reasonable reaction mechanism is proposed based on mechanistic experimental results.
Towards Efficient and Photostable Red‐Emitting Photonic Materials Based on Symmetric All‐BODIPY‐Triads, ‐Pentads, and ‐Hexads
Authors: Avellanal‐Zaballa Edurne , Ventura Juan , Gartzia‐Rivero Leire , Bañuelos Jorge , García‐Moreno Inmaculada , Uriel Clara , Gómez Ana M. , Lopez J. Cristobal 
Published: September 2019

AbstractThe development of efficient and stable red and near‐IR emitting materials under hard radiation doses and/or prolonged times is a sought‐after task due to their widespread applications in optoelectronics and biophotonics. To this aim, novel symmetric all‐BODIPY‐triads, ‐pentads, and ‐hexads have been designed and synthesized as light‐harvesting arrays. These photonic materials are spectrally active in the 655–730 nm region and display high molar absorption across UV–visible region. Furthermore, they provide, to the best of our knowledge, the highest lasing efficiency (up to 68 %) and the highest photostability (tolerance >1300 GJ mol−1) in the near‐IR spectral region ever recorded under drastic pumping conditions. Additionally, the modular synthetic strategy to access the cassettes allows the systematic study of their photonic behavior related to structural factors. Collectively, the outstanding behavior of these multichromophoric photonic materials provides the keystone for engineering multifunctional systems to expedite the next generation of effective red optical materials.
Copper‐Catalyzed Enantioselective Formation of C−CF3 Centers from β‐CF3‐Substituted Acrylates and Acrylonitriles
Authors: Poutrel Pauline , Ivanova Maria V. , Pannecoucke Xavier , Jubault Philippe , Poisson Thomas 
Published: September 2019

AbstractThe catalytic asymmetric synthesis of β‐trifluoromethylated esters or nitriles is reported. The use of an in situ formed chiral Cu−H complex allowed the enantioselective reduction of β‐trifluoromethylated acrylates or acrylonitriles. The reaction proceeds smoothly affording the corresponding enantioenriched products in good to excellent yields and outstanding enantioselectivities (up to 98 % ee). The mechanism of the reaction was studied, and a plausible reaction pathway was suggested accordingly. Finally, the versatility of the products was highlighted through functional group manipulations.
Isolation and Immunofluorescent Staining of Fresh Rat Pia–Arachnoid Complex Tissue for Micromechanical Characterization
Authors: Suar Zeynep M. , Fabris Gloria , Kurt Mehmet 
Published: September 2019

AbstractIn this article, we describe a protocol for the isolation and staining of fresh tissue of the inner rat meningeal layers, or pia–arachnoid complex (PAC). The PAC is believed to act as a mechanical damper offering a fundamental layer of protection against brain injury; however, its overall mechanical properties are still rather unexplored. In order to perform micromechanical measurements on the PAC, the tissue must be extracted and characterized while maintaining its native mechanical properties (i.e., avoiding any chemical or physical modification that could alter it). In light of this need, we developed a protocol for the immunofluorescent staining of fresh PAC tissue that does not require any fixation or permeabilization step. This approach will allow researchers to investigate important properties of the anatomy of ex vivo PAC tissue while at the same time offering a platform for the mechanical analysis of this complex material. © 2019 by John Wiley & Sons, Inc.Basic Protocol 1: Isolation of fresh rat pia–arachnoid complex tissueBasic Protocol 2: Fresh immunofluorescent staining of rat pia–arachnoid complex tissueAlternate Protocol: Adhesion of pia–arachnoid complex tissue to glass slides for micromechanical characterization
Preparation of Primary Rat Hepatocyte Spheroids Utilizing the Liquid‐Overlay Technique
Authors: Kyffin Jonathan A. , Cox Christopher R. , Leedale Joseph , Colley Helen E. , Murdoch Craig , Mistry Pratibha , Webb Steven D. , Sharma Parveen 
Published: September 2019

AbstractHerein, we describe a protocol for the preparation and analysis of primary isolated rat hepatocytes in a 3D cell culture format described as spheroids. The hepatocyte cells spontaneously self‐aggregate into spheroids without the need for synthetic extracellular matrices or hydrogels. Primary rat hepatocytes (PRHs) are a readily available source of primary differentiated liver cells and therefore conserve many of the required liver‐specific functional markers, and elicit the natural in vivo phenotype when compared with common hepatic cells lines. We describe the liquid‐overlay technique which provides an ultra‐low attachment surface on which PRHs can be cultured as spheroids. © 2019 The Authors.Basic Protocol 1: Preparation of agarose‐coated platesBasic Protocol 2: Primary rat hepatocyte isolation procedureBasic Protocol 3: Primary rat hepatocyte spheroid cultureBasic Protocol 4: Immunofluorescent analysis of PRH spheroids
Energy efficient bidirectional relay network with spatial modulation
Authors: Ravindran Unnithan Jalaja Renjith , Periakarupan Gurusamy Sivabalan Velmurugan , Sundarrajan Jayaraman Thiruvengadam 
Published: September 2019

SummarySpatial modulation is a potential candidate for 5G wireless communication systems that provides high spectral efficiency with high reliability and low complexity. Spatial modulation conveys information in the index of transmitting antenna along with conventional modulation scheme. Also, energy efficiency communication plays a vital role in 5G wireless communication. In this article, energy efficiency and spectral efficiency are focused on a bidirectional relay network. In the proposed bidirectional relay network, the energy consumption burden at the relay node is reduced by placing a power splitter that coordinates the energy harvesting and information processing at the relay node. Spatial modulation is employed at all nodes to reduce the effect of interchannel interference and synchronization problem in the receiver. The combined effect of spatial modulation in all nodes and energy harvest at the relay node are analyzed in the bidirectional relay network. The end‐to‐end outage probability expression for the bidirectional relay network is derived in terms of power splitting factor at relay node. Analytical simulation results have been verified by Monte‐Carlo simulations. The overall performance of the proposed system is compared with an existing literature and found that the proposed system is having better spectral efficiency and energy harvesting.
Which spatial arrangement of green manure is able to reduce herbivory and invasion of exotic grasses in native species?
Authors: Reis Letícia Koutchin , Guerra Angélica , Colado Maria Luciana Zequim , Borges Felipe Luís Gomes , Oliveira Maxwell da Rosa , Gondim Evânia Xavier , Sinani Thomaz Ricardo Favreto , Guerin Natalia , Garcia Letícia Couto 
Published: September 2019

AbstractThe practice of using green manure for ecological restoration has grown so significantly that there is a shortage of seeds for purchase on the market. Nonetheless, there is very little literature available demonstrating the effects and benefits commonly cited for green manure for addressing important environmental filters, such as herbivory and invasive grasses. Our objective is to determine which spatial sowing arrangement including green manure promotes the lowest rates of herbivory on native species and decreases cover by invasive grasses in ecological restoration. We experimentally tested three sowing configurations of green manure intercropping with native species: T1 the lowest herbivoy rate for both native and green manure, mixture of native and green manure species in the same row, T2, alternating rows of green manure and native species, and T3, rows of native species intercropped with a 2 m wide strip of green manure. We found that (1) green manure species experience greater damage from herbivory than do native species, with average values ranging from 1.8 times higher values in green manure than natives in T1, 2.9 times in T2, and 2.7 times in T3 (when sown in rows and in broader strips, green manure and native species attract more herbivorous insects than if they were sown together [muvuca]); and (2) when green manure and native species are planted mixed in the same row they produce greater soil cover, and thus limit invasion by undesired species. The use of green manure has been identified as an alternative method for overcoming the environmental filters of herbivory and invasive grasses in restoration areas. Considering the demand for information that supports the use of green manure for purposes of ecological restoration, the novel results of the present study fill a void and should prove to be of great interest to researchers and practitioners. In addition, the presented results provide information on efficient and low‐cost restoration techniques that are necessary for the activity to gain scale, enabling countries to meet the large restoration targets.
Limitations to recovery following wildfire in dry forests of southern Colorado and northern New Mexico, USA
Authors: Rodman Kyle C. , Veblen Thomas T. , Chapman Teresa B. , Rother Monica T. , Wion Andreas P. , Redmond Miranda D. 
Published: September 2019

AbstractClimate warming is contributing to increases in wildfire activity throughout the western United States, leading to potentially long‐lasting shifts in vegetation. The response of forest ecosystems to wildfire is thus a crucial indicator of future vegetation trajectories, and these responses are contingent upon factors such as seed availability, interannual climate variability, average climate, and other components of the physical environment. To better understand variation in resilience to wildfire across vulnerable dry forests, we surveyed conifer seedling densities in 15 recent (1988–2010) wildfires and characterized temporal variation in seed cone production and seedling establishment. We then predicted postfire seedling densities at a 30‐m resolution within each fire perimeter using downscaled climate data, monthly water balance models, and maps of surviving forest cover. Widespread ponderosa pine (Pinus ponderosa) seed cone production occurred at least twice following each fire surveyed, and pulses of conifer seedling establishment coincided with years of above‐average moisture availability. Ponderosa pine and Douglas‐fir (Pseudotsuga menziesii) seedling densities were higher on more mesic sites and adjacent to surviving trees, though there were also important interspecific differences, likely attributable to drought and shade tolerance. We estimated that postfire seedling densities in 42% (for ponderosa pine) and 69% (for Douglas‐fir) of the total burned area were below the lowest reported historical tree densities in these forests. Spatial models demonstrated that an absence of mature conifers (particularly in the interior of large, high‐severity patches) limited seedling densities in many areas, but 30‐yr average actual evapotranspiration and climatic water deficit limited densities on marginal sites. A better understanding of the limitations to postfire forest recovery will refine models of vegetation dynamics and will help to improve strategies of adaptation to a warming climate and shifting fire activity.
Temperature amplifies the effect of high CO2 on the photosynthesis, respiration, and calcification of the coralline algae Phymatolithon lusitanicum
Authors: Sordo Laura , Santos Rui , Barrote Isabel , Silva João 
Published: September 2019

AbstractThe combination of ocean acidification (OA) and global warming is expected to have a significant effect on the diversity and functioning of marine ecosystems, particularly on calcifying algae such as rhodoliths (maërl) that form extensive beds worldwide, from polar to tropical regions. In addition, the increasing frequency of extreme events, such as heat waves, threatens coastal ecosystems and may affect their capacity to fix blue carbon. The few studies where the simultaneous effects of both temperature and CO2 were investigated have revealed contradictory results. To assess the effect that high temperature spells can have on the maërl beds under OA, we tested the short‐time effects of temperature and CO2 on the net photosynthesis, respiration, and calcification of the recently described species Phymatolithon lusitanicum, the most common maërl species of southern Portugal. Photosynthesis, calcification, and respiration increased with temperature, and the differences among treatments were enhanced under high CO2. We found that in the short term, the metabolic rates of Phymatolithon lusitanicum will increase with CO2 and temperature as will the coupling between calcification and photosynthesis. However, under high CO2, this coupling will favor photosynthesis over calcification, which, in the long term, can have a negative effect on the blue carbon fixing capacity of the maërl beds from southern Portugal.