bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Evolution of late presenting developmental dysplasia of the hip and associated surgical procedures after 14 years of neonatal ultrasound screening
Authors: Wirth T. , Stratmann L. , Hinrichs F. 
Published: February 2018

Between 1985 and 1998, 12 331 patients were included in the general neonatal ultrasound hip screening programme for developmental dysplasia of the hip (DDH). Patients who needed treatment (604) were compared with a second group of 73 unscreened children treated conservatively and surgically for DDH. The incidence of Graf sonographic hip types IIc to IV varied throughout the observation period. Femoral and pelvic osteotomies were almost entirely restricted to the unscreened group of patients. The six to ten per year recorded in the period 1985 to 1990 declined subsequently to three or less per year. The yearly admissions to hospital fell noticeably after six years of screening. Late presentations of DDH were reduced to three or less per year from 1990 to 1994, none between 1995 and 1998 and one or two per year from 2000. We conclude that general neonatal sonographic hip screening can reduce significantly surgical procedures, hospitalisation and late presentation of DDH.
Decision Support System for Thesis Graduation Recommendation Using AHP-TOPSIS Method
Authors: Sari Desi Ratna , Windarto Agus Perdana , Hartama Dedy , Solikhun Solikhun 
Published: February 2018

This research proposes a decision support system in determining thesis exam graduation using AHP and TOPSIS method. The AHP method weighted the criteria to generate values for each criterion, in which the value of each criterion was used to obtain a ranking of some alternatives with TOPSIS. The criteria used for the assessment are 5 chapters (C1), neatness (C2), manners (C3), material delivery (C4) and material mastery (C5). Merging the AHP and TOPSIS methods can optimize the weighting of criteria values that affect the more objective alternative ranking results. The resulting Hamming distance is 96.2% and the Euclidean distance is 0.8096 for 95 students.
Creep Fatigue Interaction under Different Test Variables: Mechanics and Mechanisms
Authors: Barat Kaustav , Sivaprasad S. , Kar S. , Tarafder S. 
Published: February 2018

Abstract
We present detailed analyses of dwell characteristics of various waveforms of creep fatigue interaction tests performed on the nickel-based superalloy IN 718. We discuss the effects of different dwell modes (strain, stress, and mixed) on creep fatigue properties. Strain dwell tests cause relaxation/accumulation of the mean stress, and stress dwell tests cause accumulation/relaxation of mean strain. True interaction of strain-controlled low cycle fatigue and creep takes place when stress-controlled dwell has been introduced within a strain-controlled cycling. In this article, the effects of pure and mixed modes have been compared in terms of the creep strain accumulation rate at dwell positions. It has been found, irrespective of creep and fatigue, that there is also a second competitive process that goes on, like tensile strain accumulation and compressive strain accumulation. These two processes compete with each other and show a difference in evolution with cycles. Mean strain rates for different stress and mixed control tests have also been determined; by comparing the creep strain accumulation rate and plastic strain rate, the competition of creep and fatigue processes has also been demonstrated in this article. The mechanism of cracking and cavity formation has also been illustrated by computed microtomography and subsequent fractography.
LTP or LTD? Modeling the Influence of Stress on Synaptic Plasticity
Authors: Peters Achim , Reisch Cordula , Langemann Dirk 
Published: February 2018

AbstractIn cognitive memory, long-term potentiation (LTP) has been shown to occur when presynaptic and postsynaptic activities are highly correlated and glucocorticoid concentrations are in an optimal (i.e., low normal) range. In all other conditions, LTP is attenuated or even long-term depression (LTD) occurs. In this paper, we focus on NMDA receptor (NMDA-R)-dependent LTP and LTD, two processes involving various molecular mechanisms. To understand which of these mechanisms are indispensable for explaining the experimental evidence reported in the literature, we here propose a parsimonious model of NMDA-R-dependent synaptic plasticity. Central to this model are two processes. First, AMPA receptor-subunit trafficking; and second, glucocorticoid-dependent modifications of the brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF)-receptor system. In 2008, we have published a core model, which contained the first process, while in the current paper we present an extended model, which also includes the second process. Using the extended model, we could show that stress attenuates LTP, while it enhances LTD. These simulation results are in agreement with experimental findings from other labs. In 2013, surprising experimental evidence showed that the GluA1 C-tail is unnecessary for LTP. When using our core model in its original form, our simulations already predicted that there would be no requirement for the GluA1 C-tail for LTP, allowing to eliminate a redundant mechanism from our model. In summary, we present a mathematical model that displays reduced complexity and is useful for explaining when and how LTP or LTD occurs at synapses during cognitive memory formation.
Reliability-Weighted Integration of Audiovisual Signals Can Be Modulated by Top-down Attention
Authors: Rohe Tim , Noppeney Uta 
Published: February 2018

AbstractBehaviorally, it is well established that human observers integrate signals near-optimally weighted in proportion to their reliabilities as predicted by maximum likelihood estimation. Yet, despite abundant behavioral evidence, it is unclear how the human brain accomplishes this feat. In a spatial ventriloquist paradigm, participants were presented with auditory, visual, and audiovisual signals and reported the location of the auditory or the visual signal. Combining psychophysics, multivariate functional MRI (fMRI) decoding, and models of maximum likelihood estimation (MLE), we characterized the computational operations underlying audiovisual integration at distinct cortical levels. We estimated observers’ behavioral weights by fitting psychometric functions to participants’ localization responses. Likewise, we estimated the neural weights by fitting neurometric functions to spatial locations decoded from regional fMRI activation patterns. Our results demonstrate that low-level auditory and visual areas encode predominantly the spatial location of the signal component of a region’s preferred auditory (or visual) modality. By contrast, intraparietal sulcus forms spatial representations by integrating auditory and visual signals weighted by their reliabilities. Critically, the neural and behavioral weights and the variance of the spatial representations depended not only on the sensory reliabilities as predicted by the MLE model but also on participants’ modality-specific attention and report (i.e., visual vs. auditory). These results suggest that audiovisual integration is not exclusively determined by bottom-up sensory reliabilities. Instead, modality-specific attention and report can flexibly modulate how intraparietal sulcus integrates sensory signals into spatial representations to guide behavioral responses (e.g., localization and orienting).
Hypercalcemia associated with cosmetic injections: a systematic review
Authors: Tachamo Niranjan , Donato Anthony , Timilsina Bidhya , Nazir Salik , Lohani Saroj , Dhital Rashmi , Basnet Sijan 
Published: February 2018

Introduction
Cosmetic injections with silicone and polymethylmethacrylate are not FDA approved for augmentation of body parts such as breast, buttock or legs, but they have been widely used for decades. Cosmetic injections can cause foreign body granulomas and occasionally severe and life-threatening hypercalcemia. We aimed to systematically analyze the published literature on cosmetic injection-associated hypercalcemia.

Methods
We searched relevant articles on hypercalcemia associated with various cosmetic injections and extracted relevant data on demographics, cosmetic injections used, severity of hypercalcemia, management and outcomes.

Results
We identified 23 eligible patients from 20 articles. Mean age was 49.83 ± 14.70 years with a female preponderance (78.26% including transgender females). Silicone was most commonly used, followed by polymethylmethacrylate and paraffin oil (43.48, 30.43, and 8.70% respectively). The buttock was the most common site followed by the breast (69.57% and 39.13% respectively). Hypercalcemia developed at mean duration of 7.96 ± 7.19 years from the initial procedure. Mean ionized calcium at presentation was 2.19 ± 0.61 mmol/L and mean corrected calcium at presentation was 3.43 ± 0.31 mmol/L. 1,25-Dihydroxyvitamin D (1,25(OH)2D or calcitriol) was elevated while 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25(OH)D) and PTH were low in majority of cases. Hypercalcemia was managed conservatively with hydration, corticosteroids and bisphosphonates in majority of cases. Surgery was attempted in 2 cases but was unsuccessful. Renal failure was the most common complication (82.35% cases) and 2 patients died.

Conclusion
Hypercalcemia from cosmetic injections can be severe and life threatening and can present years after the initial procedure. Cosmetic injection-associated granuloma should be considered a cause of hypercalcemia, especially in middle-aged females presenting with non-PTH-mediated, non-malignant hypercalcemia, which is often associated with elevated calcitriol; however, it should be noted that calcitriol level may be normal as well.
Estimación de costo de software: Una propuesta de aplicación pedagógica de COCOMO
Authors: Garita-González Gabriela , Lizano-Madriz Fulvio 
Published: February 2018

Los planes de estudio de ciencias de la computación y carreras afines evidencian una brecha importante en torno a la temática de estimación de costos de proyectos de software. En general, en los modelos curriculares relacionados con el desarrollo de software, se recomienda la temática de la estimación en el desarrollo del software sin especificar ningún modelo de estimación en concreto. En abono a lo anterior, dichos modelos tienen la particularidad de que son difíciles de entender y los ejemplos existentes en la bibliografía suelen ser muy vagos sin considerar contextos cercanos a la realidad. En este artículo se presenta una propuesta de aplicación pedagógica del modelo de estimación de costos COCOMO en las modalidades básica e intermedia orientada a la magnitud del producto final. El modelo incluye seis apartados necesarios para un adecuado abordaje pedagógico. Lo primero que se define es su fundamento teórico esquematizado de forma resumida. Además, se presenta un caso real de estudio, ejemplos resueltos, la propuesta pedagógica y el análisis respectivo. La relevancia de este trabajo se fundamenta en el hecho de que se facilita la enseñanza del tema de estimación del costo del software, de forma práctica y contextualizada en un caso real.
The Relationship between L1/L2 Literacy and L3 Acquisition/Odnos između J1/J2 pismenosti i ovladavanja trećim jezikom
Authors: Moghtadi Laleh 
Published: February 2018

AbstractThe present study examined the role of L1 and L2 literacy in the acquisition of English (L3) relative clauses. It was based on a correlational research design and included 100 female high school students from two educational districts of Tabriz (an Azeri-speaking city in Iran). The Oxford Solutions Placement Test, a questionnaire, and two syntactic structure tests were administered to the participants. The statistical analyses revealed: (1) no significant correlation between the bilinguals' level of literacy skills in their L1 and their acquisition of English (L3) relative clauses; (2) a significant correlation between the bilinguals' level of literacy skills in their L2 and their acquisition of English (L3) relative clauses.Key words: bilingualism; first and second language; literacy skills; third language acquisition. ---SažetakU ovom je istraživanju analizirana uloga pismenosti na prvom (J1) i drugom (J2) jeziku u ovladavanju trećim (J3) jezikom kod dvojezičnih ispitanica koje su usvajale relativne rečenice na engleskom jeziku. Pritom se koristio korelacijski nacrt istraživanja u kojem je sudjelovalo 100 učenica srednje škole, odabranih iz dvaju obrazovnih područja u Tabrizu (grad u Iranu u kojem se govori azerski jezik). Od instrumenata su se koristili: test engleskog jezika (eng. The Oxford Solutions Placement Test), upitnik i dva testa za provjeru znanja o sintaktičkim strukturama. Statističke su analize otkrile da: (1) ne postoji značajna korelacija između razine pismenosti na prvom jeziku kod dvojezičnih učenica i njihova usvajanja relativnih rečenica na engleskom kao trećem jeziku; (2) postoji značajna korelacija između razine pismenosti na drugom jeziku kod dvojezičnih učenica i njihova usvajanja relativnih rečenica na engleskom kao trećem jeziku.Ključne riječi: dvojezičnost; prvi i drugi jezik; vještine čitanja i pisanja; ovladavanje trećim jezikom.
Cognitive inflexibility in a young woman with pyromania
Authors: Blum Austin W. , Odlaug Brian L. , Grant Jon E. 
Published: February 2018

Background
Pyromania is a rare disorder that is characterized by multiple episodes of deliberate and purposeful fire-setting. It is typically associated with significant psychosocial dysfunction and legal problems. Even so, little research has examined cognitive aspects of the disorder.

Case presentation/study
In this study, we compared a 24-year-old woman with pyromania with 19 age- and gender-matched healthy controls using a battery of computerized neurocognitive tasks. Our participant affected by pyromania showed impaired cognitive flexibility but intact functioning on measures of impulsive action and decision-making.

Discussion
Although pyromania shares phenomenological similarities with other urge-driven disorders, our results suggest that pyromania may have features of compulsivity as well.

Conclusions
Pyromania is relatively understudied from a neurobiological perspective. Further research is needed to understand the pathophysiology, classification, and treatment of pyromania.
Yazı ve İmza İncelemelerinde Kesişen Çizgilerin Yazılma Sırasının Belirlenmesi
Authors: Hamzaoğlu Nurcan , Yavuz Mustafa Fatih 
Published: February 2018

Objective: In this study, how effectively the stereo microscopes can be used in the crossings created using both the same kind of (ballpoint pen) ink (homogeneous) and different types of (pen/inkjet-laser printer) inks (heterogeneous).
Material and Methods: In order to decide the effectiveness of the stereo microscope in detecting the upside-down relation of the crossing lines and the time of the formation for these lines, homogeneous and heterogeneous crossing line samples prepared by using 3 different black ballpoint pens, 3 different blue ballpoint pens, laser printer and inkjet printer are analyzed by fourteen experienced document examination experts via their own methods and by authors using stereo microscope.
Results: In the examinations conducted by fourteen document examination experts with loop; the total line detection rate in the heterogeneous samples where the laser printer and inkjet printer prints and the ink lines are crossing changes between 33% and 83%, and the average detection rate is 60%. However, in the homogeneous samples created with black and blue ballpoint pens, line detection rates were found to be significantly low in determining the order of the crossing lines. Average line detection rate is 43%.
In the same samples, an examination was carried authors by using stereo microscope; while reliable results could not be obtained in the homogeneous crossings, confidential results were obtained in the heterogeneous crossings.
Conclusions: Consequently, it was decided that the formation order by stereo microscope can be capably and effectively determined in the heterogeneous crossings consisting of ballpoint pen and printer print.
Synthesis of Thiazole Derivatives as Antimicrobial Agents by Green Chemistry Techniques
Authors: Demirci Serpil 
Published: February 2018

Amine (2) and (26)
was obtained from the condensation of the corresponding amines with
3,4-difluoronitrobenzene. The reduction of nitro group produced the
corresponding amines (3 and 27). The synthesis of esters (7, 12, 19, 28) was
carried out from the treatment of the amines, 1, 3, 18, 27 with
ethylbromoacetate, then these compounds were converted to the corresponding
hydrazides (8, 13, 29) by the treatment with hydrazine hydrate. Triazole was
obtained from the intramolecular cyclisation of the corresponding carbothioamide
in basic media and this compound wad then converted to the
morpholine-triazole-penicillin hybrid by a mannich reaction. The
cyclocondensation of hydrazine carbothioamides (9b, 14, 21) or urea (4) with
2-bromo-1-(4-chlorophenyl) ethenone
generated thiazole derivatives. On the other hand, the treatment of 4, 9b and 14 with ethyl bromoacetate yielded
4-oxo-1,3-thiazolidines (6, 11, 16). Three methods containing conventional,
microwave and ultrasound mediated techniques were applied. Best results were
assessed using microwave and ultrasounds promoted procedures. All the newly
synthesized compounds were characterized on the basis of spectroscopic
techniques, and they were screened for their antimicrobial activity. Some of
them exhibited good-moderate activity on the test bacteria.
El financiamiento educativo público en Costa Rica a largo plazo (1860-2016)
Authors: Molina Jiménez Iván 
Published: February 2018

El presente artículo analiza el financiamiento de la educación estatal en Costa Rica a largo plazo. Con este propósito, se revisaron los aportes y limitaciones de los estudios previos sobre el financiamiento educativo. Posteriormente, se identificaron las principales tendencias de crecimiento o decrecimiento del financiamiento educativo, y su relación con procesos como crisis económicas, golpes de Estado, guerras y ciclos de expansión de las actividades de exportación y del mercado interno. Por último, se analizó el impacto que los aumentos o los descensos en el financiamiento educativo tuvieron en las coberturas de la enseñanza primaria, secundaria y universitaria. Al final se concluye que el Estado costarricense ha mantenido, desde el siglo XIX, un compromiso sostenido y creciente con el financiamiento de la enseñanza pública, con algunos retrocesos por lo general de corta duración, excepto el correspondiente al período 1981-2007.
La útil presencia del pasado: a propósito de los años de la «Revolución Libertadora» en una ciudad del interior de la Argentina (1955-1958)
Authors: Escudero Eduardo Alberto 
Published: February 2018

Este artículo se dedica a documentar e interpretar los usos del pasado desplegados durante la dictadura instaurada desde 1955 en Argentina, con posterioridad a la caída del peronismo. La perspectiva analítica asumida propone observar el modo en que el pasado resultó ser un recurso clave para legitimar un nuevo orden político y para caracterizar a los enemigos en vistas de ofrecer nuevas interpretaciones de la historia y rescatar, a la vez que resignificar, a los próceres del pasado nacional. El trabajo se centra en una mirada específicamente local, investigando acerca de los discursos, las prácticas y las representaciones del pasado desplegadas en la ciudad de Río Cuarto, Córdoba, Argentina, en oportunidad del proceso político que buscó «desperonizar» el espacio público y restaurar la matriz liberal de la cultura política e histórica del país. La metodología empleada se basa, fundamentalmente, la exegesis de fuentes primarias, de corte periodístico, recuperando cualitativamente la discursividad de época. Como resultante del ejercicio analítico de los usos del pasado examinados, es posible observar cómo distintos actores claves de la política, la cultura y la educación riocuartense pusieron en marcha una serie de recursos cognitivos, argumentativos y simbólicos del pasado, para sobrellevar la tarea de forjar memoria merced al nuevo orden político: procurando la reactualización de la memoria de la nación liberal para contraponer pedagógica e intensamente al peronismo.
Infuences of Rice Husk Biochar (RHB) on Rice Growth Performance and Fertilizer Nitrogen Recovery up to Maximum Tillering Stage
Authors: Sang Deniel Anak , Bakar Rosenani Abu , Ahmad Siti Hajar , Rahim Khairudin Abdul 
Published: February 2018

<p>A pot study was carried out to investigate the effects of rice husk biochar addition on rice growth performance and fertilizer nitrogen recovery. The biochar effect was studied by using <sup>15</sup>N labelled fertilizer urea (10 atom% <sup>15</sup>N), as isotopic tracer, until maximum tillering stage (75 days after sowing). Rice husk biochar (RHB) was applied at rates of 0, 5, 10 and 20 Mg ha<sup>-1</sup> and laid in randomized complete block design with four replications. The result showed that biochar application significantly improved soil chemical properties (pH, total C, total N, and available P) compared to control treatment. Biochar addition increased number of tiller and root dry matter weight up to 4% and 35%, respectively, compared to un-amended pot. Likewise, application of biochar significantly increased N, P and K uptake by 3%, 19% and 33%, respectively, as compared to the nutrient uptake from the control treatment. Biochar treatment had no significant impact on fertilizer nitrogen recovery in aboveground biomass, in the range of 41% and 42%, in comparison to the control. However, nitrogen fertilizer recovery in soil significantly increased by 47% over the control at application rate of 20 Mg ha<sup>-1</sup> RHB. Increased fertilizer N recovery in soil possibly reduced N losses to the environment from volatilization and denitrification processes. Total <sup>15</sup>N fertilizer recovery also found increase at highest application of RHB biochar with an increment of 16%. In general, addition of biochar appeared to enhance crop growth performance but its effect on fertilizer N recovery in plant requires further study up to maturity of rice plant.</p>
The Distribution of Lead Accumulation (Soil, Water and Mangrove Vegetation) to Conserve Segara Anakan Lagoon
Authors: Hilmi Endang , Siregar Asrul Sahri , Syakti Agung Dhamar 
Published: February 2018

Segara Anakan Lagoon is a specific lagoon as dispose industry waste area, i.e. lead waste. Distribution of lead accumulation in vegetation, soil and water can explain pollution status in Segara Anakan Lagoon. This study aims to analysis lead accumulation distribution (soil, water and vegetation), bioaccumulation factor (BAF), translocation factor (TF), leaf morphometric (the lead effect for mangrove vegetation), and to develop pre-design a mangrove zoning based on lead accumulation. The results showed that lead accumulation in Segara Anakan Lagoon (SAL) was 0.177 – 0.233 mg/l (water), 0.320 – 0.780 mg/kg (soil), 4.80–8.67 mg/kg (mangrove roots), for stem between 2.48–6.96 mg/kg (mangrove stem), and 1.48–4.76 mg/kg (mangrove leaf). BAF of mangrove vegetation scored between 22.2–40.1 and TF between 0.9–1.3. The lead accumulation of soil depths were 8.89 mg/kg (0-50 cm) to 0.56 mg/kg (150-200 cm). The effect of lead accumulation was observed as leaf damage between 2-60 % of surface leafs. And based on best lead accumulation of mangrove vegetation showed that the first mangrove zoning was Rhizophora apiculata, Bruguiera sexangula, Aegiceras corniculatum and Sonneratia caseolarisKeyword: lead accumulation; mangrove capacity; bioaccumulation factor; translocation factor; lead effect