bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Analysis of the Impact of Artificial Intelligence on Information-Seeking Behavior
Authors: Nahla Febri , Masruri Anis 
Published: December 2024

Background of the study: The need for information in the era of globalization is rapidly growing, causing users to strategize to obtain information effectively. One of the strategies used in information retrieval is generative AI applications.
Purpose: This study aims to discuss generative AI applications used in information retrieval and the impact of generative AI usage on information-seeking behavior.
Methods: Library research is used to collect data from various relevant literature sources.
Finding: The use of generative AI in information retrieval provides positive impacts, such as speeding up the search process and presenting concise and easily understood information. However, the use of generative AI also has negative effects, such as inaccurate data and potential dependence on technology.
Conclusion: Although generative AI provides convenience in information retrieval, there are negative risks, such as data inaccuracy and overdependence on technology. Therefore, regulations and oversight are needed to prevent these negative impacts

ABSTRAK
Latar Belakang: Kebutuhan informasi di era globalisasi semakin berkembang pesat, yang menyebabkan para pengguna informasi harus mengatur strategi untuk mendapatkan informasi secara efektif. Salah satu strategi yang digunakan adalah dengan memanfaatkan AI generatif.
Tujuan: Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk membahas aplikasi-aplikasi AI Generatif yang digunakan dalam pencarian informasi serta dampak dari penggunaan AI generatif terhadap perilaku informasi.
Metode: Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah library research dengan pengumpulan data dari berbagai sumber literatur yang relevan.
Temuan: Penggunaan AI generatif dalam pencarian informasi memberi dampak positif, seperti mempercepat proses pencarian dan menyajikan informasi yang ringkas dan mudah dipahami. Meskipun demikian, penggunaan AI generatif juga menimbulkan dampak negatif, yaitu data yang kurang akurat dan potensi ketergantungan pada teknologi.
Kesimpulan: Meskipun AI generatif memberikan kemudahan dalam pencarian informasi, terdapat resiko negatif seperti ketidakakuratan data dan ketergantungan berlebihan pada teknologi. Oleh karena itu, diperlukan aturan dan pengawasan untuk mencegah dampak negatif tersebut.
Heterogeneity Modeling and Heterogeneity-Based Upscaling for Reservoir Characterization and Simulation
Authors: Madalimov M. , Li D. , Haynes B. , Yergaliyeva B. , Dair Y. , Ehighebolo I. T. , Ionescu C. L. 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
Reservoir heterogeneity is a key factor in modelling reservoir performance. Heterogeneity measures can be calculated for a given permeability field, but not straight forward to reverse the process. Detailed heterogeneity can be built into a fine-scale model but can be lost during upscaling to a coarse-scale, no matter which method is chosen from simple averaging to flow-based. This paper proposes a method of heterogeneity modeling and heterogeneity-based upscaling with the aim of solving these problems.
Unlike the traditional geostatistical method used to generate a permeability field that is not directly linked to a desired heterogeneity coefficient, the proposed method creates a heterogenous permeability field directly using LCC (Lorenz coefficient and curve). Using a given LCC as input, the expected heterogenous permeability field can be generated via the proposed steps and equations. Using the proposed heterogeneity-based upscaling method, the LCC defined from the fine-scale model can be preserved exactly during upscaling such that gas-oil-ratio and water-cut can be matched between the fine- and coarse-scale models without using pseudo functions.
The proposed method has been successfully applied in modelling a giant carbonate oil field in the Caspian Sea consisting of a matrix dominated platform and a fracture/karst dominated rim. Due to the field's complex geology and high H2S content, a dual porosity, dual permeability compositional model has been created to model compositional flow within/between matrix and fracture/karst initialized with an abnormally high reservoir pressure. The field surveillance data shows that reservoir heterogeneity (LCC) is a key component for the field reservoir characterization and simulation. The LCCs can be estimated from the cores and logs, but the challenge is how to preserve the characteristics of the LCCs during modeling, upscaling, HM, and Uncertainty Analysis (UA). Application of the new method has demonstrated its ability to overcome this challenge and has significantly improved the quality of the field's reservoir modeling, upscaling, HM, and UA. The fine-scale model LCCs were directly applied to calculate the coarse-scale permeability. The range of the LCCs estimated from cores and logs were used to generate a range of heterogeneous permeability fields for UA. Regional LCCs were adjusted based on the mismatches of GOR and/or water-cut and new heterogeneous permeability fields were generated to improve the HM quality.
The Factors that Influence Land conflict In Hargiesa Capital Of Somaliland
Authors: Said Ibrahim 
Published: December 2024

Abstract

Land conflict, an omnipresent challenge across Africa, finds a particularly poignant expression in Hargeisa, Somaliland, where the struggle for land has become a focal point of social discord and violence. This study explores the factors driving these conflicts, including expropriation, inheritance, commercialization, and urbanization. As Hargeisa grows, land has become a symbol of power and wealth, intensifying disputes that often result in homicides. Expropriation, frequently favoring those with political or economic influence, exacerbates tensions by marginalizing those with fewer resources. Inheritance conflicts have become more pronounced as rising land values turn customary practices into contentious legal battles. The commercialization and urbanization of land further disrupt traditional social orders, causing displacement and fostering resentment. Based on qualitative data from those involved in land disputes, this research highlights the urgent need for targeted interventions. Solutions must address the root causes of these conflicts through legal reforms, equitable land distribution, and community engagement. As Somaliland continues to develop, resolving these land conflicts is crucial for ensuring social justice and fostering communal harmony. The future stability of Hargeisa, and by extension Somaliland, depends on effective and inclusive land management strategies.
Risk factors and prognostic modeling in Cardiorenal Syndrome Type 2: a retrospective study of multicenter
Authors: Wang Bin , Zheng Xie , Fu Qinghui , Luo Xiaoqian , Pan Sijun 
Published: December 2024

Abstract

Background: Cardiorenal syndrome (CRS) represents a complex interaction between heart failure and renal insufficiency, leading to progressive disease. Type 2 CRS is characterized by the development of renal dysfunction secondary to chronic cardiac disease. The prevalence of Type 2 CRS is substantial, af fecting up to 45-63% of patients admitted for chronic heart failure. Despite its high morbidity and mortality, there is a lack of robust diagnostic tools and prognostic models to guide clinical management.
Methods: This multicenter retrospective study included patients diagnosed with CRS type 2 based on the 2019 American Heart Association definition. Data were collected from electronic medical records of three hospitals between January 2021 and December 2023. Advanced statistical methods, including receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve analysis, univariate Kaplan-Meier (KM) analysis, and multivariate Cox proportional hazards regression, were utilized to develop a nomogram for predicting patient prognosis.
Results: The study included 519 patients with CRS-2. Independent predictors of adverse outcomes included elevated serum creatinine and blood urea nitrogen (BUN) levels, decreased platelet count, elevated B-type natriuretic peptide (BNP), and decreased oxygen partial pressure (PaO2). These findings suggest that close monitoring of these markers is essential in clinical practice to identify patients at high risk of adverse events early on.
Conclusion: Our study provides evidence that serum creatinine, BUN, platelet count, BNP, and PaO2 are independent predictors of adverse outcomes in patients with Type 2 CRS. These findings have important implications for clinical practice and emphasize the need for a comprehensive approach to the management of this challenging condition.
Value of Combining Lung Ultrasound Score with Oxygenation and Functional Indices in Determining Weaning Timing for Critically Ill Pediatric Patients Running Title: Pulmonary ultrasound scoring for Critically Ill Pediatric Patients
Authors: Hao Ximeng , Duan Hongnian , Li Qiushuang , Wang Dan , Yin Xin , Di Zhiyan , Du Shanshan 
Published: December 2024

Abstract

Objective:This study aims to investigate the predictive effectiveness of bedside lung ultrasound score (LUS) in conjunction with rapid shallow breathing index (RSBI) and oxygenation index (P/F ratio) for weaning pediatric patients from mechanical ventilation.
Methods: This was a retrospective study. Eighty-two critically ill pediatric patients, who were admitted to the Pediatric Intensive Care Unit (PICU) and underwent mechanical ventilation from January 2023 to April 2024, were enrolled in this study. Prior to weaning, all patients underwent bedside LUS, with concurrent measurements of their RSBI and P/F ratio. Patients were followed up for weaning outcomes and categorized into successful and failed weaning groups based on these outcomes. Differences in clinical baseline data, LUS scores, RSBI, and P/F ratios between the two groups were compared. The predictive value of LUS scores and oxygenation indices for weaning outcomes was assessed using receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves and the area under the curve (AUC).
Results: Out of the 82 subjects, 73 (89.02%) successfully weaned, while 9 (10.98%) failed. No statistically significant differences were observed in age, gender, BMI, and respiratory failure-related comorbidities between the successful and failed weaning groups (P>0.05). Compared to the successful weaning group, the failed weaning group exhibited longer hospital and intubation durations, higher LUS and RSBI, and lower P/F ratios, with statistically significant differences (P<0.05). An LUS score ≥15.5 was identified as the optimal cutoff for predicting weaning failure, with superior predictive power compared to RSBI and P/F ratios. The combined use of LUS and oxygenation indices for predicting weaning outcomes yielded a larger area under the curve, indicating higher predictive efficacy.
Conclusion:The LUSdemonstrates a high predictive value for the weaning outcomes of pediatric patients on mechanical ventilation.
Identification of major trauma using the simplified Abbreviated Injury Scale to estimate the Injury Severity Score: a diagnostic accuracy and validation study
Authors: Eidenbenz David , Gauss Tobias , Zingg Tobias , Darioli Vincent , Vallot Cécile , Carron Pierre-Nicolas , Bouzat Pierre , Ageron François-Xavier 
Published: December 2024

Abstract

Background: The Abbreviated Injury Scale (AIS) and Injury Severity Score (ISS) grade the severity of injuries and are useful for trauma audit and benchmarking. However, AIS coding is complex and requires specifically trained staff. A simple yet reliable scoring system is needed. The aim of this study was two-fold. First, to develop and validate a simplified AIS (sAIS) chart centred on the most frequent injuries for use by non-trained healthcare professionals. Second, to evaluate the diagnostic accuracy of the sAIS (index test) to calculate the simplifiedISS (sISS) to identify major trauma, compared with the reference AIS (rAIS) to calculate the reference ISS (rISS).
Methods: This retrospective study used data (2013-2014) from the Northern French Alps Trauma Registry (TRENAU) to develop and internally validate the sAIS. External validation was performed with data from the Trauma Registry of Acute Care (TRAC) of Lausanne University Hospital, Switzerland (2019-2021). Both datasets comprised a random sample of 100 injured patients. Following the Standards for Reporting of Diagnostic Accuracy Studies 2015 guidelines, all patients completed the rAIS and the sAIS. The sISS and the rISS were calculated using the sAIS and the rAIS, respectively. Accuracy was evaluated with the mean difference between the sISS and the rISS and the Pearson correlation coefficient. A clinically relevant equivalence limit was set at ±4 ISS points. Precision was analyzed using Bland-Altmann plots with 95% limits of agreement.
Results: Accuracy was good. The mean ISS difference of 0.97 (95% CI, -0-03 to 1.97) in the internal validation dataset and -1.77 (95% CI, -3.04 to 0.50) in the external validation dataset remained within the equivalence limit. The Pearson correlation coefficient was 0.93 in the internal validation dataset (95% CI, 0.90 to 0.95) and 0.82 in the external validation dataset (95% CI, 0.75 to 0.88). The limits of agreement were wider than the predetermined relevant range.
Conclusions: The sAIS is accurate, but slightly imprecise in calculating the ISS. The development of this scale increases the possibilities to use a scoring system for severely injured patients in settings with a reduced availability of the AIS.
Trial registration: Retrospectively registered.
Liver Abscess and Splenic Infarction Due to Yersinia pseudotuberculosis bloodstream infection : A case report
Authors: Wang Yixun , Xiang Yanni , Lei Chao , Zheng Xiaxia , Wu Wen , Zhang ZhaoHui , qu xingguang 
Published: December 2024

Abstract

Background: Yersinia pseudotuberculosis is an emerging zoonotic intestinal pathogen that is transmitted primarily through contaminated food and water. Yersinia pseudotuberculosis infection is usually self-limited and usually manifests as gastroenteritis or "pseudoappendicitis", characterized by fever and abdominal pain; Bloodstream infection with Yersinia pseudotuberculosis is uncommon but can result in Multiple distant sites of infection, including liver, splenic and kidney abscesses , even hip and knee jiont , often with underlying immunodeficiency.
Case presentation: We present the case of a 40-year-old man who was admitted to the intensive care unit (ICU) with intermittent fever for five days followed by worsening abdominal pain and distension one day after consuming contaminated food. Upon admission, the patient developed severe hypotension, quickly followed by signs of liver and kidney failure, progressing to multiple organ dysfunction syndrome (MODS). In particular, the patient's abdominal CT showed signs of liver abscess and splenic infarction. He was treated with fluid resuscitation, broad-spectrum antibiotics, vasopressors, continuous renal replacement therapy (CRRT), and plasma exchange. Blood cultures and metagenomic next-generation sequencing (mNGS) confirmed Yersinia pseudotuberculosisinfection. After 17 days of ICU treatment, the patient was transferred to the infectious disease department for further treatment for 14 days and was discharged. Three months after discharge, the patient had two follow-up visits and was in good condition.
Conclusions: To our knowledge, this is the rare reported case of MODS, liver abscess, and splenic infarction caused by Y. pseudotuberculosisinfection.Timely use of broad-spectrum antibiotics and active organ function support are the keys to treatment. The lack of further progression of the liver abscess may indicate that the bacteria are not very virulent. Fortunately, the patient eventually recovered, and follow-up observation of the liver and spleen after discharge became important.
Temperature and pH dual dependent conformational transition of polyacrylic acid modified by dehydroabietic alcohol
Authors: Zhu Xiufang , Liu Weihao , AlMasoud Najla , Alomar Taghrid S. , Sun Jiuxiao , Fu Chao , Zhou Juying 
Published: December 2024

Abstract

A rosin derivative, dehydroabietic alcohol (DHAA), was synthetized and employed to graft onto polyacrylic acid (PAA) via the Steglich esterification reaction, forming a block copolymer consisting of the acrylic acid units and monomer units containing ester groups. The resulted dehydroabietic alcohol grafted polyacrylic acid (DHAA-graft-PAA) demonstrated enhanced pH and temperature sensitivities. The number ratio of the acrylic acid monomer units reacted with the DHAA and the un-reacted acrylic acid monomer units, was estimated by the NMR results. The number-average molecular weight of DHAA-graft-PAA was determined to be 9290 by an acid-base titration method. The optimal decomposition temperature of DHAA-graft-PAA measured using a thermogravimetric analyzer was approximately 289°C. The structural characteristics of the DHAA-PAA were analyzed using Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, ultraviolet (UV) spectroscopy, and proton nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy (1HNMR). The conformational transition of the DHAA-PAA under different pH and temperature values was investigated. The scattering intensity experiments showed that 7.96 was a critical pH value and 5°C was a critical temperature. When the pH value was below 7.96, the degree of carboxyl group ionization in the polymer was decreased, leading to a repulsion between the carboxyl groups in the polymer chains and causing the chain contraction. When the temperature dropped to 5°C, the conformation transitioned from an extended state to a contracted state. This study demonstrates the intelligent applications for a novel pH and temperature sensitive polymer.
Single cell and spatial analysis of immune-hot and immune-cold tumours identifies fibroblast subtypes associated with distinct immunological niches and positive immunotherapy response
Authors: Jenkins Benjamin H , Tracy Ian , Rodrigues Maria Fernanda SD , Smith Melanie JL , Martinez Begoña R , Edmond Mark , Mahadevan Sangeetha , Rao Anjali , Zong Hailing , Liu Kai , Aggarwal Abhishek , Li Li , Diehl Lauri , King Emma V , Bates Jamie G , Hanley Christopher J , Thomas Gareth J 
Published: December 2024

Abstract

Cancer-associated Fibroblasts (CAFs) have emerged as critical regulators of anti-tumour immunity, with both beneficial and detrimental properties that remain poorly characterised. To investigate this, we performed single-cell and spatial transcriptomic analysis, comparing immune-hot and immune-cold HNSCC subgroups (human papillomavirus [HPV] + ve and HPV-ve tumours respectively). This identified six fibroblast subpopulations, including two with immunomodulatory gene expression profiles (IL-11 + inflammatory [i]CAF and fibroblastic reticular cell [FRC]-like). IL-11 + iCAF were spatially associated with inflammatory monocytes and regulated in vitro through synergistic activation of canonical NF-κB signalling by IL-1β and TNF-α. FRC-like were enriched in HPV + ve tumours, associated with CD4 T-cells and B-cells in tertiary lymphoid structures and regulated through non-canonical NF-κB signalling via lymphotoxin. Pan-cancer analysis revealed several 'iCAF’ subgroups present in both normal and cancer tissues; IL11 + iCAF were found in cancers from the gastrointestinal tract and transcriptomically distinct from iCAFs previously described in pancreatic and breast cancers with greater inflammatory properties; FRC-like fibroblasts, a rare phenotype but present in all tumour types, were associated with significantly better survival in patients receiving checkpoint immunotherapy. This work clarifies and expands current literature on immunomodulatory CAFs, highlighting links with important immunological niches.
Carboplatin in combination with etoposide for advanced small cell lung cancer complicated with idiopathic interstitial pneumonia: A single-arm phase II study
Authors: Matsumoto Masaru , Minegishi Yuji , Higa Katsuyuki , Fukuizumi Aya , Onda Naomi , Takeuchi Susumu , Miyanaga Akihiko , Gemma Akihiko , Seike Masahiro 
Published: December 2024

Abstract

Background: Acute exacerbation (AEx) of interstitial pneumonia is the most common lethal adverse event related to the pharmacological treatment of patients with lung cancer complicated with interstitial pneumonia. Although small cell lung cancer (SCLC) is linked to poor prognosis, it exhibits good response to chemotherapy. Few previous research studies have investigated the safety and efficacy of treatment for advanced SCLC complicated with idiopathic interstitial pneumonia (IIP). We conducted a single-arm phase II study to evaluate the safety and efficacy of carboplatin plus etoposide for the treatment of patients with SCLC complicated with IIP.
Methods: Chemotherapy-naïve patients with advanced SCLC complicated with IIP were enrolled. Patients received carboplatin every 21–28 days at a dose of area under the curve 4–6 on day 1 and etoposide at a dose of 80–100 mg/m2 on days 1–3.
Results: Thirty-one patients were enrolled between December 2009 and December 2022. A median of four cycles of carboplatin plus etoposide were administered. Acute exacerbation of idiopathic interstitial pneumonia was not observed; the rate of AEx was 0% (95% confidence interval [CI]: 0–9.6%, p=0.038). The objective response rate was 83.9% (95% CI: 82.5–85.2). The median progression-free survival and overall survival were 5.9 (95% CI: 4.7–6.8) months and 14.0 (95% CI: 7.6–27.6) months, respectively. The 1-year survival rate was 61%.
Conclusions: The carboplatin plus etoposide treatment was tolerable and effective in SCLC patients complicated with IIP.
Innovative Time in Remission Assessment of Inflammation in Juvenile Idiopathic Arthritis-Associated Uveitis over 10-year follow-up
Authors: Gupta Vishali , Arora Atul , Jindal Ankur , Gupta Amod , Suri Deepti , Singh Surjit , Kozak Igor 
Published: December 2024

Abstract

Purpose
Juvenile idiopathic arthritis(JIA) is a leading cause of childhood uveitis resulting in severe ocular morbidity. Corticosteroids and Disease-modifying antirheumatic drugs(DMARDs) are standard of care,with biological drugs reserved for refractory cases. Disease monitoring often focuses on recurrences, but subclinical inflammation between recurrences may cause significant ocular damage and maybe a better way of disease monitoring. We applied novel Time In Remission(TIR) analysis to assess the percentage of time spent inflammation-free over a specified time-frame, in a retrospective cohort of 20 children with JIA associated Uveitis followed-up for over a decade at a single centre.
Methods
Retrospective review of clinical records of patients with JIA-U. Patient demographics, clinical characteristics, including visual acuity,uveitis activity and treatment given were analyzed. AC-time(duration of time anterior chamber had no cells) and Flare-time(duration of time anterior chamber had no flare) during follow-up was assessed to evaluate inflammation control.
Results
Twenty patients (40% male; Mean age: 9.43 ± 6.97 years) received treatment with topical steroids, cycloplegics and systemic DMARDs (Methotrexate 10-15mg/m2/week). 35%(7/20) of cases required additional biological therapy(Adalimumab 0.8 mg/kg biweekly) for managing recurrent inflammation(Mean recurrences:2.43 ± 1.4), initiated at 61.71 ± 42.9 months. Over 10-year follow-up, all patients had significant improvement in visual acuity(p = 0.001). Shifting to biological therapy resulted in improvement in AC-time(p = 0.035), Flare-time(p = 0.009) and reduction in topical steroid frequency(p = 0.002). On further comparing remission phase of 13 patients receiving DMARDs to 7 receiving biologics,we found that patients on biological therapy had lesser requirement of topical steroids(p = 0.001) and increased steroid-free period(p = 0.01).
Conclusion
TIR offers a novel method for monitoring ocular inflammation. Biological therapy offers superior inflammation control and reduces topical steroid dependence compared to conventional DMARDs.