bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
X‐band right‐angle coaxial‐to‐single ridge waveguide compact transition with capacitive coupling
Authors: Vincenti Gatti R. , Rossi R. , Dionigi M. 
Published: November 2018

A novel right‐angle coaxial‐to‐single ridge waveguide transition with capacitive coupling is presented at X band. Contrarily to the state of the art, the coaxial inner conductor is not in DC contact with the ridge, and such a feature can be a considerable mechanical advantage in the manufacturing of high‐performance systems. In addition to this, few geometrical parameters need to be optimised, thus simplifying the overall design with respect to traditional counterparts. Nevertheless, the whole X band can be potentially covered with a return loss better than 20 dB. An ultra‐compact transition is designed, manufactured with stereolithography technology and tested in a back‐to‐back configuration. Good agreement between simulated and measured results is observed for a proof‐of‐concept prototype.
Prinzipien der Frakturbehandlung beim Kind
Authors: Fernandez Francisco , Eberhardt Oliver 
Published: November 2018

ZusammenfassungDie Behandlungsprinzipien von Frakturen beim Kind richten sich nach den besonderen Eigenschaften der Frakturheilung am wachsenden Skelett. Das Skelett des Kindes stellt ein vom Alter abhängiges dynamisch wachsendes Organ dar, mit der Fähigkeit, schnell knöcherne Verletzungen zu heilen, mit hoher Toleranz gegen Weichteilverletzung, geringen Immobilitätsschäden und altersabhängig möglicher Korrektur von posttraumatische Fehlstellungen. Diese Fähigkeiten sind am Skelett des Kindes nicht überall gleich, sie sind direkt abhängig von Potenz der angrenzenden Wachstumsfuge bzw. ihrem Anteil an der Gesamtlänge der Extremität und dem Alter des Kindes. Der Behandler von Frakturen und Verletzungen des Kindes benötigt spezielle Kenntnisse über die Besonderheiten des wachsende Organs „Skelett“, muss aber auch über die Bedürfnisse des Kindes und seiner Bezugspersonen reflektieren können. Bestehen Ungereimtheiten hinsichtlich des Unfallmechanismus und der Verletzung, eine verzögerte Vorstellung nach Fraktur oder spezielle Frakturen, dann muss an eine Kindesmisshandlung gedacht werden. Es gilt, die Balance zu halten zwischen den Polen „bei Kindern wächst sich alles aus“ und der apodiktischen Entscheidung einer primären definitiven Versorgung, die überspannt in jedem Lebensalter zu einer operativen Versorgung führt.
Posttraumatische Fehlstellungen an der oberen Extremität im Kindesalter
Authors: Mörs Katharina , Frank Johannes , Sundermann Britta , Marzi Ingo 
Published: November 2018

ZusammenfassungKorrekturbedürftige Fehlstellungen an der oberen Extremität sind bei Beachtung der Repositionskriterien und Osteosynthesetechniken im Kindesalter selten. Dennoch kann es durch posttraumatische Deformitäten, Fugenverletzungen, anhaltende Luxationen oder kaum sichtbare Biegungsbrüche zu erheblichen Funktionseinbußen kommen. Dieser Artikel gibt einen Überblick über die häufigsten korrekturbedürftigen Fehlstellungen an der oberen Extremität beim Kind und Jugendlichen und deren Behandlungsmöglichkeiten.
Efficacy of a paclitaxel-eluting biliary metal stent with sodium caprate in malignant biliary obstruction: a prospective randomized comparative study
Authors: Jang Sung Ill , Lee Kyu Taek , Choi Jung Sik , Jeong Seok , Lee Don Haeng , Kim Yong Tae , Lee Sang Hyub , Yu Jeong-Sik , Lee Dong Ki 
Published: November 2018

Abstract
Backgrounds The placement of a self-expandable metal stent (SEMS) is widely used in patients with unresectable malignant biliary obstructions, but SEMSs are susceptible to occlusion by tumor ingrowth or overgrowth. The efficacy and safety of a novel paclitaxel-eluting biliary metal stent incorporating sodium caprate (MSCPM-III) were compared prospectively with those of a covered metal stent (CMS) in patients with malignant biliary obstructions.
Methods Patients with unresectable distal malignant biliary obstructions (n = 106) were prospectively enrolled in this study at multiple treatment centers. Stents were placed endoscopically: MSCPM-III in 54 patients and CMS in 51 patients. The patients received systemic chemotherapy regimens according to their disease characteristics.
Results The two groups did not differ significantly in basic characteristics or mean follow-up period. Stent occlusion occurred in 14 patients who received MSCPM-III and in 11 patients who received CMS. Time to recurrent biliary obstruction (RBO) and survival time did not differ significantly between the two groups (P  = 0.84 and P = 0.29, respectively). However, tumor size at 2 months after stent insertion was significantly decreased in patients in the MSCPM-III group with bile duct cancers or those who experienced stent migration compared with the CMS group. Complications, including cholangitis and pancreatitis, were found to be acceptable in both groups.
Conclusions Although compared with a CMS the MSCPM-III did not significantly influence time to RBO or survival duration in patients with malignant biliary obstructions, MSCPM-III reduced tumor volume and was used safely in humans.
What Kinds of Posterior Cruciate Ligament Bundles Are Preserved in Cruciate-Retaining Total Knee Arthroplasty? A Three-Dimensional Morphology Study
Authors: Inou Yoshinori , Tomita Tetsuya , Kiyotomo Dai , Yoshikawa Hideki , Sugamoto Kazuomi 
Published: November 2018

AbstractIn this study, the effects of tibial bone cutting on the attachment area of the posterior cruciate ligament (PCL), including both the anterolateral bundle (ALB) and posteromedial bundle (PMB), in cruciate-retaining total knee arthroplasty (CR-TKA) were simulated using a three-dimensional (3D) model of the tibial reconstruction. A total of 40 knees with medial osteoarthritis in patients scheduled for TKA were evaluated. Following surface registration of 3D computed tomography (CT) and 3D magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) models of the tibia with the PCL, the area of PCL attachment was calculated. Tibial bone cutting in the 3D CT model was simulated at 8 and 10 mm distal to the center of the lateral articular surfaces of the tibia and with posterior tibial slope angles of 0, 7, and 10 degrees. The percentages of the ALB and PMB tibial attachment areas that remained after cutting at 8 mm were, respectively, 21.8 ± 19.7% and 86.3 ± 17.7% with 0 degrees, 9.5 ± 10.4% and 64.1 ± 23.6% with 7 degrees, and 8.1 ± 6.7% and 51 ± 25.3% with 10 degrees. These results suggest that only half of the PCL attachment area was left after the bone cut simulation. Complete preservation of the ALB and PMB attachment areas requires appropriate selection of surgical procedures and devices.
Cognitive Training for Robotic Arm-Assisted Unicompartmental Knee Arthroplasty through a Surgical Simulation Mobile Application
Authors: Vestermark George L. , Bhowmik-Stoker Manoshi , Springer Bryan D. 
Published: November 2018

AbstractAdvances in mobile device technology combined with the implementation of surgical simulation have led to the development of novel applications (apps) as a potential learning tool for surgical trainees. Touch Surgery (TS) (Kinosis Limited, London, United Kingdom) is a mobile-based app that combines cognitive task analysis with a virtual reality medium to familiarize the user with a surgical procedure through interactive rehearsal. The purpose of this study was to compare the educational efficacy of the TS app with a traditional paper-based learning program in performing a robotic arm-assisted unicompartmental knee arthroplasty. Twelve participants (four interns, four residents, four adult reconstructive fellows) were randomized to a paper-based technique guide or learning modules from the Mako Partial Knee (Stryker, Mahwah, NJ) TS app. Trainees were subjected to a baseline pretest. After preparing with the allocated training tool, participants completed an immediate posttest followed by a retention test administered 3 weeks later. The TS simulation group demonstrated greater improvement (22% score increase; p = 0.001) in posttest assessment compared with the control group (10% score increase; p = 0. 09). The TS simulation group demonstrated better information recall compared with the control group based on the score differential following the 3-week retention test. This randomized comparative study demonstrated that the TS app was better than traditional paper-based learning for both immediate posttest performance and long-term information recall of the Mako robotic arm-assisted unicompartmental knee arthroplasty. Surgical simulation apps may be an effective learning tool for surgical trainees.
First-Trimester Uterine Artery Doppler for the Prediction of Preeclampsia in Nulliparous Women: The Great Obstetrical Syndrome Study
Authors: Demers Suzanne , Boutin Amélie , Gasse Cédric , Drouin Olivier , Girard Mario , Bujold Emmanuel 
Published: November 2018

Objective This study aimed to estimate the performance of first-trimester uterine artery (UtA) pulsatility index (PI) for the prediction of preeclampsia (PE).
Study Design We conducted a prospective cohort study of nulliparous women with singleton gestation at 11 to 13 6/7 weeks. UtA-Doppler's was performed on both UtAs and the mean UtA-PI was reported in multiple of median (MoM) adjusted for gestational age. Using receiver operating characteristic curves and their area under the curves (AUC); we calculated the performance of UtA-PI for the prediction of PE. Proportional hazard models were used to develop prediction models combining UtA-PI and maternal characteristics.
Results Out of 4,676 participants with completed follow-up, 232 (4.9%) developed PE, including 202 (4.3%) term and 30 (0.6%) preterm PE. Mean UtA-PI decreased with gestational age between 11 and 13 6/7 weeks (p < 0.001). First-trimester UtA-PI was associated with preterm (AUC: 0.69; 95% CI [confidence interval]: 0.57–0.80) but not with term (AUC: 0.52; 95% CI: 0.48–0.56) PE. UtA-PI combined with maternal characteristics could predict 45% of preterm PE at a false positive rate of 10%.
Conclusion First-trimester UtA-PI decreases with gestational age between 11 and 13 6/7 weeks and is associated with the risk of preterm but not term PE.
Manipulation under Anesthesia: Does Polyethylene Thickness Matter?
Authors: Feng James E. , Anoushiravani Afshin A. , Ziegler Jacob , Schwarzkopf Ran , Long William J. 
Published: November 2018

AbstractTotal knee arthroplasty (TKA) has been established as the most effective treatment for end-stage, symptomatic osteoarthritis of the knee. However, improper polyethylene size selection has been proposed to predispose patients to postoperative stiffness following TKA. The aim of this study is to evaluate if there is a correlation between the use of the thinnest tibial implant thickness and implant manufacturer with the likelihood of undergoing manipulation under anesthesia (MUA). A retrospective review of unilateral TKAs performed between January 2012 and November 2015 was performed. Each knee implant system was normalized by total tibial component thickness for each individual implant system (metal back plus polyethylene) and reaggregated to assess the difference in MUA rates when comparing the thinnest tibial component thickness against the next two sizes. Subset analysis was performed comparing the thinnest tibial component thickness for each individual implant system versus (1) all other tibial component sizes and (2) tibial components one and two sizes larger. A total of 2,728 patients were retrospectively evaluated, of which 71 (2.60%) underwent MUA. Combined tibial component thickness ranged from 8 to 21 mm. When aggregated together to compare the MUA rate between the thinnest liner and the next two sizes, no statistically significant difference was observed (p = 1). Subset analysis demonstrated inconsistent significant differences in MUA rates. Our results suggest that the polyethylene liner thickness alone is not a predictor of postoperative knee stiffness necessitating MUA. When selecting a polyethylene liner, a proper fit maximizing flexion/extension stability is the most crucial factor.
Vitamin K Antagonists, Non–Vitamin K Antagonist Oral Anticoagulants, and Vascular Calcification in Patients with Atrial Fibrillation
Authors: Peeters Frederique , Dudink Elton , Kimenai Dorien , Weijs Bob , Altintas Sibel , Heckman Luuk , Mihl Casper , Schurgers Leon , Wildberger Joachim , Meex Steven , Kietselaer Bas , Crijns Harry 
Published: November 2018

Background Vitamin K antagonists (VKAs) are associated with coronary artery calcification in low-risk populations, but their effect on calcification of large arteries remains uncertain. The effect of non–vitamin K antagonist oral anticoagulants (NOACs) on vascular calcification is unknown. We investigated the influence of use of VKA and NOAC on calcification of the aorta and aortic valve.
Methods In patients with atrial fibrillation without a history of major adverse cardiac or cerebrovascular events who underwent computed tomographic angiography, the presence of ascending aorta calcification (AsAC), descending aorta calcification (DAC), and aortic valve calcification (AVC) was determined. Confounders for VKA/NOAC treatment were identified and propensity score adjusted logistic regression explored the association between treatment and calcification (Agatston score > 0). AsAC, DAC, and AVC differences were assessed in propensity score–matched groups.
Results Of 236 patients (33% female, age: 58 ± 9 years), 71 (30%) used VKA (median duration: 122 weeks) and 79 (34%) used NOAC (median duration: 16 weeks). Propensity score–adjusted logistic regression revealed that use of VKA was significantly associated with AsAC (odds ratio [OR]: 2.31; 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.16–4.59; p = 0.017) and DAC (OR: 2.38; 95% CI: 1.22–4.67; p = 0.012) and a trend in AVC (OR: 1.92; 95% CI: 0.98–3.80; p = 0.059) compared with non-anticoagulation. This association was absent in NOAC versus non-anticoagulant (AsAC OR: 0.51; 95% CI: 0.21–1.21; p = 0.127; DAC OR: 0.80; 95% CI: 0.36–1.76; p = 0.577; AVC OR: 0.62; 95% CI: 0.27–1.40; p = 0.248). A total of 178 patients were propensity score matched in three pairwise comparisons. Again, use of VKA was associated with DAC (p = 0.043) and a trend toward more AsAC (p = 0.059), while use of NOAC was not (AsAC p = 0.264; DAC p = 0.154; AVC p = 0.280).
Conclusion This cross-sectional study shows that use of VKA seems to contribute to vascular calcification. The calcification effect was not observed in NOAC users.
Tigecycline Use in Neonates: 5-Year Experience of a Tertiary Center
Authors: Gunel Mehmet , Ozbek Erdal , İpek Mehmet 
Published: November 2018

AbstractThe off-label use of tigecycline to treat serious infections has been reported in pediatric patients. We report four newborn infants diagnosed with sepsis caused by extensively drug-resistant Klebsiella pneumoniae and successfully treated with tigecycline. If no alternative drugs are available, tigecycline may be considered as an option for nosocomial infections even in newborn infants. However, further reports are needed to establish its efficacy and safety.
Longitudinal Measurements of Resting Energy Expenditure by Indirect Calorimetry in Healthy Term Infants during the First 2 Months of Life
Authors: Verma Sourabh , Bailey Sean M. , Mally Pradeep V. , Howell Heather B. 
Published: November 2018

Objective To determine longitudinal measurements of resting energy expenditure (REE) by indirect calorimetry (IC) in healthy term infants during the first 2 months of life.
Study Design An outpatient prospective pilot study was performed in healthy term infants to estimate REE by measuring expired gas fractions of oxygen (O2) and carbon dioxide (CO2) with IC in a respiratory and metabolic steady state.
Results A total of 30 measurements were performed. Fourteen subjects completed measurements at both 1 and 2 months of life, and two subjects had only measurements made at 1 month of life. Mean REE values were 64.1 ± 12.7 and 58.4 ± 14.3 kcal/kg/d at 1 and 2 months of age, respectively. Mean O2 consumption and CO2 production measurements were 9.3 ± 2.0 and 7.7 ± 1.2 mL/kg/min and 8.1 ± 2.2 and 6.4 ± 1.1 mL/kg/min at 1 and 2 months of age, respectively.
Conclusion This pilot study demonstrates longitudinal measurements of REE by IC in healthy term infants during the first 2 months of life. We also demonstrate that, overall, there is consistency in REE values in this population, with a likely decrease in individual longitudinal measurements over the first 2 months of life.
Assessing Maternal and Fetal Risks Associated with Prolonged Induction of Labor
Authors: Triebwasser Jourdan , VanArtsdalen Jamie , Kobernik Emily , Seiler Kristian , Langen Elizabeth 
Published: November 2018

Objective To assess whether prolonged induction of labor was associated with increased maternal or neonatal morbidity.
Study Design We performed a retrospective cohort study of women undergoing induction of labor at a single institution. We included women with singletons ≥ 36 weeks with initial cervical dilation ≤4 cm. Prolonged induction of labor was defined as lasting > 36 hours from the time of initial method to delivery. A 2-to-1 propensity score-matched analysis was performed between women with and those without prolonged induction of labor. Maternal outcomes were cesarean delivery, chorioamnionitis, endometritis, postpartum hemorrhage, severe perineal laceration, and length of postpartum admission. Neonatal outcomes included Apgar scores, umbilical artery pH, and neonatal intensive care admission.
Results Among 2,021 women, 407 (20.1%) had a prolonged induction. In unadjusted analyses, prolonged induction of labor was associated with increased cesarean delivery and chorioamnionitis. After 2-to-1 propensity score matching, there were 267 women with prolonged induction and 424 controls. Women with prolonged induction of labor had higher rates of cesarean delivery (35.6 vs. 16%, p < 0.001), chorioamnionitis (14.2 vs. 4.7%, p < 0.001), endometritis (6.4 vs. 1.9%, p = 0.002), and postpartum hemorrhage (18.8 vs. 11.9%, p = 0.008). There were no significant differences in neonatal outcomes.
Conclusion Overall length of induction impacts maternal outcome.
What you hear is (not always) what you get
Authors: Lipski John M. 
Published: November 2018

Abstract
The present study offers data from native Spanish speakers who possess receptive competence in Palenquero, a Spanish-lexified
creole spoken in the Afro-Colombian village of San Basilio de Palenque. Until recently Palenquero was endangered, but language
revitalization activities are now underway in Palenque. These efforts are resulting in young L2 Palenquero speakers and receptive
bilinguals, who do not actively use the language but who are exposed to it within the community and through occasional classes.
This study, based on experimental research conducted in Palenque, examines receptive bilinguals' grasp of Palenquero subject-verb
structures as a demonstration of how the divergence between active and receptive bilinguals' grammars can go undetected within the
speech community. Receptive bilinguals sometimes produce referential null subjects instead of overt pronouns even in the absence
of other disambiguating cues. Receptive bilinguals also do not systematically differentiate Palenquero pre-verbal particles, in a
fashion suggestive of a maximally simplified subject-verb configuration.
Prediction of Lumbar Disk Herniation and Clinical Outcome Using Quantitative Magnetic Resonance Imaging
Authors: Raudner Marcus , Schreiner Markus M. , Juras Vladimir , Weber Michael , Stelzeneder David , Kronnerwetter Claudia , Windhager Reinhard , Trattnig Siegfried 
Published: November 2018

Objectives
The aim of this study was to assess the predictive value of T2 mapping at baseline with regard to the development of disk herniation and clinical outcome at a 5-year follow-up in patients with low back pain.

Materials and Methods
Twenty-five symptomatic patients (13 male; mean age, 44.0 years; range, 24–64 years at baseline) were examined at 3 T magnetic resonance imaging, with a 5-year follow-up. Region of interest analysis was performed on 125 lumbar intervertebral disks on 2 central sagittal T2 maps. Absolute T2 relaxation times and a T2 value ratio of the posterior annulus fibrosus as a percentage of the nucleus pulposus (NPAF) were evaluated for each disk. All disks were graded morphologically using the Pfirrmann score. Roland-Morris Disability Questionnaires (RMDQ) and a visual analogue scale (VAS) were assessed for each patient at follow-up as a clinical end point and compared with diagnosed lumbar disk herniation. Statistical analysis was conducted by a biomedical statistician.

Results
Using the baseline NPAF ratio, follow-up development of herniation was predicted with an area under the curve (AUC) of 0.893 in a receiver operating characteristic curve. The same was done using the baseline nucleus pulposus T2, resulting in an AUC of 0.901. Baseline and follow-up NPAF, as well as baseline and follow-up nucleus pulposus T2, differed significantly (P < 0.001) between disks with no herniation, disks with herniation at baseline, and disks with new herniation at follow-up. Difference was still significant (all P < 0.001), when only testing for difference in degenerated discs with Pfirrmann score III to V. Calculating sensitivity and specificity for herniation prediction only in discs with Pfirmann III to V using a receiver operating characteristic, AUC was 0.844 with baseline herniations excluded.
The lowest baseline nucleus pulposus T2 per patient correlated significantly with follow-up RMDQ (r = −0.517; P = 0.008) and VAS (r = −0.494; P = 0.012). The highest baseline NPAF correlated significantly with RMDQ (r = 0.462; P = 0.020), but not VAS (r = 0.279; P = 0.177).

Conclusions
Quantitative T2 mapping may serve as a clinically feasible, noninvasive imaging biomarker that can indicate disks at risk for herniation and correlates with clinical outcome and subjective patient burden in a representative cohort of patients with low back pain.
Nonshaven Follicular Unit Extraction
Authors: Park Jae Hyun , You Seung Hyun , Kim Na Rae 
Published: November 2018

AbstractNonshaven follicular unit extraction (NS-FUE) is the most state-of-the-art surgical technique in the field of follicular unit hair transplantation. It is particularly appealing because donor area shaving, one of the most serious impediments for the patient, can be omitted. In this article, we present our surgical approach for NS-FUE. We selectively used the direct or the pretrimming method of NS-FUE according to indication, determined by considering the location and purpose of transplantation, the condition of the recipient site, and the patient's preference. A total of 658 patients underwent NS-FUE. Of these, 17 had pubic atrichia, 2 had pubic atrichia and also received hairline correction surgery, 6 received eyebrow transplantation, 19 had female pattern hair loss, 362 had male pattern baldness (MPB), 2 had MPB and also required eyebrow transplantation, 3 received hair transplantation for MPB and scalp scar, 9 underwent male hairline correction surgery, 192 underwent female hairline surgery, and 46 received hair transplantation for scalp scar. The average numbers of transplanted grafts were 573 for atrichia, 1300 for atrichia and hairline correction performed successively, 240 for eyebrow transplantation, 996 for female pattern hair loss, 1408 for MPB (with a maximum of 3000), 1050 for MPB and eyebrow transplantation, 998 for female pattern hair loss (with a maximum of 1910), and 141 for scalp scar. On average, the total transection rate was 8.2%, and the calculated density was 2.2.