bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Cellulose acetate nanocomposite ultrafiltration membranes tailored with hydrous manganese dioxide nanoparticles for water treatment applications
Authors: Vetrivel Selvaraj , Rana Dipak , Sri Abirami Saraswathi Meenakshi Sundaram , Divya Kumar , Kaleekkal Noel Jacob , Nagendran Alagumalai 
Published: April 2019

Hydrous manganese dioxide (HMO) nanoparticles incorporated cellulose acetate (CA) composite ultrafiltration (UF) membranes are prepared with the aim of improving the water permeation and BSA contaminant removal. The HMO nanoparticles are synthesized from manganese ion and characterized by FT‐IR, XRD, and FESEM. The effect of variation of HMO on CA membranes is probed using FT‐IR, EDAX, contact angle, SEM, and AFM analysis to demonstrate their chemical functionality, hydrophilicity, and morphology. CA/HMO membranes are showing the enhancement in pure water flux (PWF), water uptake, porosity, hydrophilicity, fouling resistance, BSA rejection, and flux recovery ratio (FRR). CA‐1 membrane displayed higher PWF (143.6 Lm2h−1), BSA rejection (95.9%), irreversible fouling (93.3%), and FRR (93.3%). Overall results confirmed that the CA/HMO nanocomposite UF membranes overcome the bottlenecks and shows potential for water treatment applications.
“I remember how I felt, but I don't remember the gene”: Families’ experiences of cancer‐related genetic testing in childhood
Authors: McGill Brittany C. , Wakefield Claire E. , Vetsch Janine , Lim Qishan , Warby Meera , Metcalfe Alison , Byrne Jennifer A. , Cohn Richard J. , Tucker Katherine M. 
Published: April 2019

AbstractBackgroundGenetic testing in children for hereditary cancer predisposition syndromes (CPSs) involves unique psychosocial and family‐systems considerations. This retrospective study explored the perspectives and emotional reactions of parents and young adults about cancer‐related genetic counseling and testing offered to children in the family.MethodsFamilies were eligible if they had considered genetic testing for a child (≤18 years) within the family. Parents and young adults ≥16 years participated in semistructured interviews that we coded and identified key themes. We also quantitively assessed emotional distress, quality of life, impact of receiving genetic cancer risk information, and service‐related satisfaction.ResultsFrom 35 interviews (26 parents, nine young adults), we identified themes spanning families’ experiences from referral to genetic services to the longer term impact of receiving information about family cancer risk from testing of children. Supported by quantitative data, families generally described positive experiences of genetic services and reported benefits to genetic testing. Nevertheless, families faced unique emotional and relational challenges that changed over the family lifecycle. Those challenges differed according to whether the child was asymptomatic or had a cancer diagnosis at testing. Parents of children with cancer described genetic consultations as a secondary concern to the immediate stressors of their child's treatment.ConclusionsWe conclude that the successful integration of cancer genetics into pediatric cancer care requires specialist pediatric genetic counseling and psychosocial support services that are able to respond to families’ changing needs.
The relationship between cellphone use and achievement goals in junior high school students: A cross‐lagged analysis
Authors: Bai Ruibei , Ma Yuting , Liu Yiyao , Zhang Baoshan , Rasool Abida 
Published: April 2019

AbstractThe purpose of this study was to explore the relationship between cellphone use and achievement goals in junior high school students. The participants were 282 students randomly selected from a secondary school in Xi'an, China. The Frequency of Cellphone Use Questionnaire and the Achievement Goal Questionnaire were used as measurement tools. The results showed that cellphone use at Time 1 (T1) was significantly associated with performance goals orientation and with mastery goals orientation at both times; cellphone use at Time 2 (T2) was not correlated with performance goals orientation or mastery goals orientation at T1. The cross‐lagged analysis showed a negative causal relationship between the frequency of cellphone use and mastery goals but no causal relationship between the frequency of cellphone use and performance goals. These results may be helpful for guiding adolescents to reduce cellphone use, pay attention to the mastery of knowledge, and establish mastery goals.
‐Bootstrap Approach to Non‐Commutative Gauge Theories
Authors: Kupriyanov Vladislav G. 
Published: April 2019

AbstractA consistent description of gauge theories on coordinate dependent non‐commutative (NC) space‐time is a long‐standing problem with a number of solutions, none of which is free from criticism. In this work, we discuss the approach proposed in Blumenhagen et al. [1] based on the conjecture that any consistent gauge theory can be described in terms of the ‐structure. Starting with a well‐defined commutative gauge theory, we represent it, together with the non‐commutative deformation, as a part of a bigger ‐algebra by setting some initial brackets ℓ1, ℓ2, etc. Then, solving the ‐relations we determine the missing brackets and close the ‐algebra defining the NC gauge theory which reproduces in the commutative limit the original one. We provide the recurrence relations for the construction of the pure gauge algebra , using which we find an explicit form of the NC ‐like and non‐associative octonionic‐like deformations of the Abelian gauge transformations. The construction of the ‐algebra describing the dynamics is discussed using the example of the NC Chern–Simons theory. The obtained equations of motion are non‐Lagrangian, which indicates the difference between our approach and the previous ones.
Assessing crop damage from dicamba on non‐dicamba‐tolerant soybean by hyperspectral imaging through machine learning
Authors: Zhang Jingcheng , Huang Yanbo , Reddy Krishna N , Wang Bin 
Published: April 2019

AbstractBACKGROUNDDicamba effectively controls several broadleaf weeds. The off‐target drift of dicamba spray or vapor drift can cause severe injury to susceptible crops, including non‐dicamba‐tolerant crops. In a field experiment, advanced hyperspectral imaging (HSI) was used to study the spectral response of soybean plants to different dicamba rates, and appropriate spectral features and models for assessing the crop damage from dicamba were developed.RESULTSIn an experiment with six different dicamba rates, an ordinal spectral variation pattern was observed at both 1 week after treatment (WAT) and 3 WAT. The soybean receiving a dicamba rate ≥0.2X exhibited unrecoverable damage. Two recoverability spectral indices (HDRI and HDNI) were developed based on three optimal wavebands. Based on the Jeffries–Matusita distance metric, Spearman correlation analysis and independent t‐test for sensitivity to dicamba spray rates, a number of wavebands and classic spectral features were extracted. The models for quantifying dicamba spray levels were established using the machine learning algorithms of naive Bayes, random forest and support vector machine.CONCLUSIONSThe spectral response of soybean injury caused by dicamba sprays can be clearly captured by HSI. The recoverability spectral indices developed were able to accurately differentiate the recoverable and unrecoverable damage, with an overall accuracy (OA) higher than 90%. The optimal spectral feature sets were identified for characterizing dicamba spray rates under recoverable and unrecoverable situations. The spectral features plus plant height can yield relatively high accuracy under the recoverable situation (OA = 94%). These results can be of practical importance in weed management. © 2019 Society of Chemical Industry
When natural enemies go to sleep: diapause induction and termination in the pear psyllid predator Pilophorus gallicus (Hemiptera: Miridae)
Authors: Ramírez‐Soria Maria J , Wäckers Felix , Sanchez Juan A 
Published: April 2019

AbstractBACKGROUNDPilophorus gallicus Remane (Hemiptera: Miridae) is an important predator of the pear psyllid Cacopsylla pyri L. (Hemiptera: Psyllidae) in pear orchards (Pyrus communis L. ‐Rosaceae‐). In the Mediterranean area, it has a multivoltine lifecycle, and can establish resident populations by entering into a facultative embryonic diapause to survive the winter season. Facultative diapause is regulated by environmental factors, and its role in population dynamics is essential because it determines the presence of active individuals in the field. The objective of this work was to investigate the effect of (i) photoperiod and temperature on diapause induction in P. gallicus and (ii) photoperiod, temperature, and exposure time on diapause termination.RESULTSDiapause induction was triggered by a short photoperiod (9L:15D), whereas temperature did not influence it significantly. In contrast, diapause termination required a prolonged exposure to low temperature while photoperiod did not have a significant effect. At 6 °C, diapause termination increased significantly between 50 and 70 days of exposure, but not among 70, 90 and 150 days. The longer the exposure of diapausing eggs to 6 °C the shorter their hatching times. Additionally, three different reproductive classes were observed among the female population: diapause inducing, non‐diapause inducing, and mixed.CONCLUSIONThis work contributes to the knowledge of the reproductive and overwintering strategy of P. gallicus. Embryonic diapause may greatly determine the structure of populations according to environmental conditions and the response of the predator as biological pest control agent. In addition, knowledge of the factors regulating egg diapause may be a useful tool for the mass rearing industry. © 2019 Society of Chemical Industry
Evaluation of remotely sensed rainfall products over Central Africa
Authors: Camberlin Pierre , Barraud Geoffrey , Bigot Sylvain , Dewitte Olivier , Makanzu Imwangana Fils , Maki Mateso Jean‐Claude , Martiny Nadège , Monsieurs Elise , Moron Vincent , Pellarin Thierry , Philippon Nathalie , Sahani Muhindo , Samba Gaston 
Published: April 2019

AbstractAn intercomparison of seven gridded rainfall products incorporating satellite data (ARC, CHIRPS, CMORPH, PERSIANN, TAPEER, TARCAT, TMPA) is carried out over Central Africa, by evaluating them against three observed datasets: (a) the WaTFor database, consisting of 293 (monthly records) and 154 (daily records) rain‐gauge stations collected from global datasets, national meteorological services and monitoring projects, (b) the WorldClim v2 gridded database, and (c) a set of stations expanded from the FAOCLIM network, these two latter sets describing climate normals. All products fairly well reproduce the mean rainfall regimes and the spatial patterns of mean annual rainfall, although with some discrepancies in the east–west gradient. A systematic positive bias is found in the CMORPH product. Despite its lower spatial resolution, TAPEER shows reasonable skills. When considering daily rainfall amounts, TMPA shows best skills, followed by CMORPH, but over the central part of the Democratic Republic of the Congo, TARCAT is amongst the best products. Skills ranking is however different at the interannual time‐scale, with CHIRPS and TMPA performing best, though PERSIANN has comparable skills when only fully independent stations are used as reference. A preliminary study of Southern Hemisphere dry season variability, from the example of Kinshasa, shows that it is a difficult variable to capture with satellite‐based rainfall products. Users should still be careful when using any product in the most data‐sparse regions, especially for trend assessment.
Phase‐I monitoring of log‐linear model‐based processes (a case study in health care: Kidney patients)
Authors: Kamranrad Reza , Amiri Amirhossein , Niaki Seyed Taghi Akhavan 
Published: April 2019

AbstractProcesses with multiple correlated categorical quality characteristics are called multivariate categorical processes. These processes are usually shown by contingency tables and are characterized by log‐linear models. In this paper, two monitoring approaches including likelihood ratio test (LRT) and F test are developed to monitor multivariate categorical processes based on the contingency table in Phase I. In addition, a change point estimator for multivariate categorical processes is developed in Phase I. The performances of the two proposed approaches are evaluated in terms of probability of signal, while the performance of the proposed change point estimator is evaluated in terms of accuracy and precision criteria through simulation experiments. Meanwhile, we compare the performance of the two proposed control charts with an existing control chart called “−2LRT” control chart for multivariate categorical processes. In the end, a typical application of the proposed methods is illustrated in a real‐world health care system.
Modeling the time varying volatility of housing returns: Further evidence from the U.S. metropolitan condominium markets
Authors: Apergis Nicholas , Payne James E. 
Published: April 2019

AbstractThis study extends the literature on modeling the volatility of housing returns to the case of condominium returns for five major U.S. metropolitan areas (Boston, Chicago, Los Angeles, New York, and San Francisco). Through the estimation of ARMA models for the respective condominium returns, we find volatility clustering of the residuals. The results from an ARMA‐TGARCH‐M model reveal the absence of asymmetry in the conditional variance. Dummy variables associated with the housing market collapse unique to each metropolitan area were statistically insignificant in the conditional variance equation, but negative and statistically significant in the mean equation. Condominium markets in Los Angeles and San Francisco exhibit the greatest persistence to volatility shocks.
Does VC backing affect brand strategy in technology ventures?
Authors: Forti Enrico , Munari Federico , Zhang Chunxiang 
Published: April 2019

AbstractResearch SummaryThe resource‐based view of the firm characterizes brands as important resources for firm growth and competitive advantage. Existing studies offer theory and evidence that venture capital (VC) backing enhances the growth of new technology ventures along different dimensions. It is not clear, however, whether and how VC backing affects the development of brand assets. In a study of VC‐backed and non‐VC‐backed nanotechnology ventures in the United Kingdom, we find a positive association between VC backing and the development of brand assets. We also find that VC‐backed technology ventures tend to create brand assets with a wider scope, which can be deployed across multiple different product‐markets.Managerial SummaryBrand strategy is critical for the success of entrepreneurial firms and can be challenging for firms operating in nascent industries that aim to commercialize innovations stemming from general purpose technologies. Such firms face dilemmas on whether to diversify or not into different product‐markets, how many brand assets to develop, and whether to leverage a brand asset across multiple product categories. In a study of nanotechnology ventures, we find that VC‐backing can affect the development of brand strategy: VC‐backed ventures tend to develop more brand assets compared with non‐VC‐backed ventures and tend to create brand assets with a wider scope, which can be deployed across multiple different product‐markets.
Do investors actually value sustainability indices? Replication, development, and new evidence on CSR visibility
Authors: Durand Rodolphe , Paugam Luc , Stolowy Hervé 
Published: April 2019

Abstract
Research SummaryIn this study, we replicate and expand Hawn et al.’s study (Strategic Management Journal, 2018, 39, 949–976) that used Dow Jones Sustainability World Index (DJSI) events to measure variations in firms' Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR)‐activism and examined their effect on a firm's stock price. We use DJSI events to capture variations in firms' CSR visibility, holding CSR activism constant by restricting our analyses to CSR‐equivalent firms. First, we find similar results on stock price (i.e., no impact) and on trading volumes. Second, because professional market participants pay more attention to CSR‐oriented firms and use visible cues such as DJSI events, we study and find that additions to DJSI lead to more analysts following a firm, and that continuations on the DJSI lead to an increase in equity being held by long‐term investors.
Managerial SummaryWe replicate and complement a recent study that showed that the events of a firm's addition, continuation, or deletion in a major sustainability index (DJSI) had little impact on stock market reactions (Hawn et al. Strategic Management Journal, 2018, 39, 949–976). We redefine the comparison set that was previously used and compare across observationally equivalent firms in terms of CSR orientation in order to isolate the visibility effect of DJSI events. We find that these events do not significantly impact stock price and trading volumes. However, we expand the analysis and find that sustainability events attract more attention from financial analysts and lead to an increase in the percentage of shares held by long‐term investors indicative of a trend that professional investors pay more attention to CSR‐visible firms over time.
Biometric and morphological features on magnetic resonance imaging of fetal bladder in lower urinary tract obstruction: new perspectives for fetal cystoscopy
Authors: Vinit N. , Grevent D. , Millischer‐Bellaiche A.‐E. , Pandya V. M. , Sonigo P. , Delmonte A. , Sarnacki S. , Aigrain Y. , Boddaert N. , Bessières B. , Benchimol G. , Salomon L. J. , Stirnemann J. J. , Blanc T. , Ville Y. 
Published: April 2019

ABSTRACTObjectivesIncompatibility between currently available fetoscopes and the anatomical constraints of the distended fetal bladder, with the resulting curvature around the bladder neck, account for most technical difficulties during fetal cystoscopy in lower urinary tract obstruction (LUTO). The aim of this anatomical study was to assess by magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) the variation in three bladder angles (bladder‐neck angle (BNA), vesicourethral angle (VUA) and angle between bladder dome and posterior urethra (DUA)), according to gestational age (GA), bladder volume and the presence of
LUTO.MethodsFrom our fetal medicine database, we retrieved for review 46 MRI examinations of male fetuses between 2015 and 2019, including 17 with LUTO, examined at a mean GA of 28.1 (range, 17.3–35.0) weeks and 29 age‐matched controls, examined at 29.9 (range, 21.9–35.0) weeks. We measured bladder volume, bladder‐wall thickness and the three bladder angles, and used the Mann–Whitney U‐test to compare values between groups. Variations according to GA and bladder volume were determined using analysis of variance (ANOVA). A reliability study was performed using the Bland–Altman method and Lin's correlation coefficient was calculated.ResultsBoth bladder volume and bladder‐wall thickness were significantly greater in the LUTO group (P < 0.01). BNA was significantly larger in LUTO compared with control fetuses: the mean (range) was 127.1° (101.6–161.6°) vs 111.2° (88.5–157.3°) (P < 0.01). DUA averaged 117° and showed no difference between the groups (P = 0.92). No statistical comparison was performed on VUA since this was not measurable in most control fetuses. ANOVA showed no variation of any angle with bladder volume in both LUTO fetuses and control fetuses. BNA in LUTO fetuses was the only angle to vary with GA, being larger after, compared with at or before, 25 weeks (P = 0.04). The reliability study showed an acceptable bias for both intra‐ and interobserver reproducibility for all three angles.ConclusionThe findings that BNA is increased by approximately 15° in fetuses with LUTO and DUA averages 117° could aid in development of a customized fetal cystoscope and help to overcome the current technical challenges of fetal cystoscopy. Copyright © 2019 ISUOG. Published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd.
Comparison of follicular development, timing of ovulation and serum progesterone, estradiol and luteinizing hormone concentrations in dairy heifers treated with 4‐ or 5‐day CoSynch + CIDR protocols
Authors: Fishman‐Holland Heidi , Stoskute Agne , Ferrer Maria S. , Veal Deana , Bittar Joao H. J. , Rollin Emmanuel , Lourenço Jeferson , Palomares Roberto A. 
Published: April 2019

AbstractThe use of 4‐day CoSynch + Controlled internal drug release (CIDR) + timed artificial insemination (TAI) in dairy heifers has resulted in adequate pregnancy rates compared with the 5‐day CoSynch + CIDR + TAI protocol. The objective of this study was to compare follicular growth, timing of ovulation and serum progesterone (P4), estradiol (E2) and luteinizing hormone (LH) concentrations in dairy heifers treated with modified 4‐ or 5‐day CoSynch + CIDR protocols (CIDR for 4 or 5 days, PGF2α at CIDR removal and GnRH + TAI 72 h later). Twelve cycling Holstein heifers were randomly assigned to either the 4‐ or 5‐day Co‐Synch+CIDR (n = 6/treatment) to receive an intravaginal insert CIDR® containing 1.38 g of P4 for 4 or 5 days, respectively. At CIDR removal, 25 mg of PGF2α was injected IM; 72 h after CIDR removal, heifers received 100 μg of GnRH IM and timed artificial insemination (TAI). Follicular growth and timing of ovulation were assessed using transrectal ultrasonography. Blood samples were collected at the time of CIDR insertion and at frequent time points after CIDR removal for determination of P4 (at TAI), E2 (every 12 h) and LH (every 6 h during the first and second day and every 2 h on the third day). Heifers in the 4‐day group had smaller follicles from CIDR insert removal to ovulation compared with heifers in the 5‐day treatment. Five of six heifers (83.3%) in the 4‐day treatment ovulated at 90–96 h post CIDR insert removal, whereas most heifers in the 5‐day treatment (4/6; 66.6%) ovulated at 84–90 h post CIDR insert withdrawal. Heifers in the 5‐day treatment reached greater peak LH concentration between 48 and 72 h after CIDR insert removal and lesser E2 concentration at TAI than heifers in the 4‐day treatment. In conclusion, heifers in the 4‐day treatment had smaller follicular diameter at 0, 30, 36, 42 and 48 h after CIDR insert removal, longer interval from CIDR insert removal to ovulation, greater E2 concentrations at TAI, and lesser peak LH concentration than heifers in the 5‐day treatment. These results represent a baseline for further studies to determine if prolonging the interval to TAI by 6 h in the 4‐day CoSynch+CIDR would improve pregnancy risk.