bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Advancements in breast cancer management: a comprehensive review of ribociclib combined with endocrine therapy
Authors: Qureshi Zaheer , Altaf Faryal , Safi Adnan , Khanzada Mikail , Ghazanfar Ali , Shah Shivendra 
Published: November 2024

Background:
In this review, the complicated landscape of breast cancer management is explored with a focus on the promising synergies between ribociclib and endocrine therapy. Ribociclib mainly acts as a cyclin-dependent kinase 4/6 (CDK4/6) inhibitor, which disrupts cell cycle progression necessary for tumor growth. This, in combination with endocrine therapy, aims to produce hormone receptor-positive breast cancers, which is a very relevant subtype with challenging therapeutics.

Methods:
A comprehensive review was conducted using multiple databases, PubMed, Embase, Scopus, Cochrane Library, and Web of Science, covering the period from January 1990 to May 2024.

Results:
Pharmacokinetic studies underscore the efficacy and tolerability of ribociclib, thus providing vital information for dose adjustments, particularly among patients with renal and hepatic impairments. Ribociclib’s value in extending progression-free survival and improving overall survival has been shown by clinical trials such as the MONALEESA series. Quality of life considerations and patient-reported outcomes from these trials indicate that ribociclib has a broader effect on the well-being of the patients. However, despite the success experienced by this drug in clinical practice, it still has some side effects, including hematologic toxicity, hepatotoxicity, and thromboembolism associated with it. Ribociclib resistance mechanisms are multifaceted mixtures comprising genetic variations or mutations, compensatory signaling pathways, and epigenomic changes. While overcoming resistance remains challenging, ongoing research seeks to reconcile.

Conclusion:
Ribociclib combined with endocrine therapy represents a significant advancement in breast cancer treatment, albeit with challenges that necessitate ongoing research and holistic patient care approaches.
Advances in neoadjuvant therapy for resectable intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma: An invited commentary
Authors: Han Ruyu , Song Peipei , Tang Wei , Song Tianqiang , Chen Lu 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
Intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma (ICC) poses a significant threat to human health owing to its high malignancy rate and poor prognosis. Surgery is the most effective treatment option for ICC. However, the prognosis remains unfavorable even after surgical resection. Therefore, neoadjuvant therapy has emerged as a potential treatment option for patients with ICC. Neoadjuvant therapy can improve patient prognosis by reducing the tumor size and eliminating tiny lesions that are not visible to the naked eye. Nevertheless, specific treatment options for neoadjuvant therapy are unavailable. This review summarizes the studies on neoadjuvant therapy for ICC in the last decade, including chemotherapy, radiotherapy, interventional therapy, targeted therapy, and immunotherapy, with the aim of providing suggestions for the selection of clinical treatment options for patients with ICC. Current reports suggest that chemotherapy is the most effective neoadjuvant treatment option. However, radiotherapy and interventional therapies require further investigation to obtain conclusive recommendations. Although targeted therapies and immunotherapies have been studied less extensively, several ongoing clinical trials are investigating these promising approaches.
Vascularized Bone Reconstruction for Recalcitrant Clavicular Nonunion
Authors: Chiang Jenny , Karunaratne Yasiru Gehan , Romeo Pascalino , Sim Ivanna Ting Mei , Graham David , Sivakumar Brahman 
Published: November 2024

Purpose
Clavicular nonunion is an uncommon complication with a significant impact on quality of life and can be difficult to manage. In recalcitrant cases, or situations unfavorable for take of nonvascularized grafts, vascularized osseous reconstruction may be utilized. Several donor sites for such flaps have been described, with each associated with unique benefits and drawbacks.

Methods
A systematic review utilizing MEDLINE and Embase databases was performed for cases of vascularized bone reconstruction for clavicle nonunion.

Results
Twenty-six papers met inclusion, comprising 67 patients. Mean age was 43.1 years, across 32 male and 35 female patients. Mean period of nonunion was 43.2 months in the fibular group, 42.0 months in the medial femoral condyle (MFC), and 12 months in the rib flap group. Patients had undergone a mean of 2.67 prior operations at the time of vascularized osseous flap; a proportion of patients had undergone prior locoregional radiotherapy (9/26) or been complicated by infection (12/22). Radiological union was achieved in 95.2% (20/21) of fibular flaps, 95.6% (25/27) of MFC flaps, and 66.7% (2/3) of rib flaps. Mean time to union was 10.6 months for the fibular group, 7.8 months for the MFCs, and 4.0 months for the rib flaps. Complications occurred in 55.6% (20/36) of patients having fibular flaps, 26.1% (6/23) of MFC flaps, and 50% (2/4) of rib flaps.

Conclusions
All osseous flaps yielded similar and consistent rates of union when used to reconstruct defects of the clavicle. Higher complication rates, particularly donor site morbidity, were noted with fibula and rib flaps when compared to the MFC.
Facial Artery Branch Thrombolysis for Nasal Vascular Embolism Induced by Hyaluronic Acid Injection
Authors: Yang Hong , Zheng Yan , Li Dan , Li Tian-zhu , Zhao Jian-hui , Shu Kai-yi , Cao Li-li , Guo Tian-lin , Ye Fei-lun 
Published: November 2024

Background
Vascular embolism is a severe complication following hyaluronic acid (HA) filler injections, with hyaluronidase injection being the most effective treatment. The nasal region, including the nose and nasolabial fold, is the most common site of vascular embolism after facial HA injections. Currently, there is insufficient clinical evidence regarding the benefits of facial artery thrombolysis.

Objectives
This article aimed to evaluate the efficacy of hyaluronidase injection via the facial artery as an emergency treatment for vascular embolism induced by facial aesthetic HA fillers.

Methods
We reviewed 14 patients who experienced nasal vascular embolism following facial HA filler injections. All 14 patients underwent percutaneous facial artery thrombolysis with a combination of hyaluronidase and urokinase administered intravascularly. For patients with longer occlusion duration and severe necrosis, femoral artery interventional thrombolysis was performed, with local injection of platelet-rich plasma to promote recovery. Follow-up ranged from 1 month to 1 year.

Results
Following facial artery hyaluronidase injection, all cases showed improvement in nasal skin lesions. Twelve patients fully recovered, while 2 patients were left with minor superficial scars and defects in the nasal wings.

Conclusions
Early thrombolysis postnasal embolism is crucial, and percutaneous facial artery puncture is an effective emergency treatment. Arterial intervention targeting the facial artery in the nasolabial fold may offer more precise thrombolysis. The combined use of hyaluronidase and urokinase is both safe and effective.
Micro/Nanobubble-Assisted Lipotransfer
Authors: Halaseh Faris F. , Sherafat Arya , Zaki Daniel P. , Alaniz Leonardo , Rahimian Helia , Tang Jordan , Arora Jagmeet , Sayadi Lohrasb R. , Evans Gregory R.D. , Ziegler Mary , Widgerow Alan D. 
Published: November 2024

Objective
Retention rates of lipotransfer remain variable, with the underlying cause associated with tissue oxygenation and blood supply barriers. One promising new method of improving tissue oxygenation is micro/nanobubbles (MNBs), which are small gas bubbles (<100 μm) generated within a saline solution. MNBs are stable and carry a significant amount of oxygen, and because of their negatively charged surface characteristics, they are an ideal oxygen-delivery solution. Thus, we hypothesize that washing/oxygenating lipoaspirate tissue prior to transplantation in a micro/nanobubble saline solution will improve graft survival and quality compared to a saline control.

Methods
Human lipoaspirate samples obtained from healthy donors were washed with an oxygenated MNB or saline wash. These samples were then injected into the dorsum of sixteen 6-week-old male BALB/c mice, where each mouse received one saline and one MNB-washed graft. At 2-, 4-, 8-, and 12-week time points, the explants were harvested and weighed, and gas pycnometry was performed to assess graft volume. The tissues were also subjected to hematoxylin and eosin (HE) staining and immunohistochemistry to detect perilipin and blood vessels (CD31). These stains, as well as adipocyte count and area quantifications, were analyzed using ImageJ.

Results
HE staining revealed that the control group demonstrated notable adipocyte hypertrophy, while MNB-washed samples had evident adipocyte hyperplasia. This observation was confirmed by an analysis of variance (ANOVA), which showed that the control group had a larger average graft mass and volume (P < 0.01). MNB-washed grafts also exhibited significantly greater adipocyte counts and smaller adipocytes (P < 0.001). Perilipin staining was also greater in the MNB group at the 2- and 4-week time point indicating improved de novo adipogenesis following implantation. Lastly, CD31 staining revealed a significantly greater core vessel density and angiogenesis at the 4-week and 12-week time points (P < 0.01).

Conclusions
Our study demonstrates that MNBs enhance tissue quality as indicated by a significant increase in de novo adipogenesis, higher vessel density, and decreased adipocyte hypertrophy. Additional studies are needed to evaluate the clinical effectiveness. Nevertheless, incorporating MNBs into procedures holds great promise in tackling the ongoing challenge of inconsistent outcomes in lipotransfer.
Management of Delayed Vascular Occlusion in Free Flap Breast Reconstruction: A Systematic Review of Literature and Case Report
Authors: Uyulmaz Semra , Fontein Duveken , Sarvan Milos , Grünherz Lisanne , Giovanoli Pietro , Lindenblatt Nicole 
Published: November 2024

Introduction
Free flap surgery is a reliable and safe procedure for breast reconstruction. The survival of free flaps depends on their vascular pedicle initially, but neovascularization can sustain their blood supply after a while. Management of late pedicle occlusion in free flap breast reconstruction and potential implications of late pedicle occlusion on the transferred tissue are controversial.

Methods and Materials
We systematically reviewed current literature focusing on articles that reported on late pedicle occlusion in free flaps for breast reconstruction. We aimed to analyze incidences of late pedicle occlusion, the existing evidence for the most appropriate management strategy for late pedicle occlusion, and its implications on overall outcomes. In support of the review, we present a clinical case of a salvage of a deep inferior epigastric artery perforator flap following late arterial thrombosis 12 days postoperatively.

Results
The literature is limited to a few case reports on pedicle occlusion in free flap breast reconstruction and a few heterogeneous retrospective reviews reporting on late pedicle occlusion in general. Despite the heterogeneity of articles and approaches to salvage flaps with late pedicle occlusion, we found no convincing evidence that surgery is the best choice to salvage flaps in breast reconstruction that appear to have late pedicle occlusion. Our case demonstrates that a conservative approach may be justified more than initially deemed necessary.

Conclusions
Late pedicle occlusion is a rare but serious event in free flap breast reconstruction. Surgery does not seem to be the most appropriate approach in every case. Decisions should be based on clinical dynamics and imaging findings such as indocyanine-green angiography. A carefully carried out conservative approach may lead to flap salvage.
Efficacy of Infliximab in Experimental Tracheal Stenosis
Authors: Yalinkiliç Abdulaziz , Yalinkiliç Fatma Ayaz , Beger Burhan , Erdem Mehmet Zeki , Uçar Hadice , Beger Orhan 
Published: November 2024

Objective:
This study aimed to investigate the efficacy of infliximab, a TNF-α inhibitor, on epithelial damage, inflammation, and fibrosis in experimental tracheal stenosis.

Methods:
Rats were divided into 3 groups. In group 1 (the control group), no procedure was applied. Tracheotomy was opened in the other groups. The laryngotracheal mucosa of the rats was traumatized with a brush through the tracheostoma to create a stenosis model. After surgery, group 2 (the infliximab group) received 5 mg/kg infliximab intraperitoneally. In group 3 (the sham group) only 0.5 ml of saline (0.9% NaCl) was administered intraperitoneally. After 14 days, the rats were sacrificed. Tracheal rings were excised, and epithelial damage, inflammation, and fibrosis were evaluated histopathologically.

Results:
Infliximab reduced the formation of epithelial damage (P=0.002), fibrosis (P=0.001), and inflammation (P=0.003) compared with the sham and control group.

Conclusion:
This was the first investigation displaying the effects of infliximab on tracheal stenosis. The authors' experimental results may offer guidance for further studies. Their experience presents novel sights into optimizing outcomes in tracheal stenosis surgery, and so paves the way for further clinical examinations.
Mortality in people with mental disorders in Poland during the COVID-19 pandemic: a nationwide, register-based cohort study
Authors: Gondek Tomasz M. , Adamowski Tomasz , Janus Jolanta , Cichoń Ewelina , Paciorek Sylwia , Zięba Mariusz , Bukowska Alicja , Todzia-Kornaś Agata , Kiejna Andrzej 
Published: November 2024

Purpose of review
People with mental disorders in Poland have increased standardized mortality ratios (SMRs). This is the first study to assess all-cause mortality in people with mental disorders in Poland during the COVID-19 pandemic.

Recent findings
A nationwide, register-based cohort study utilizing data from the registry of healthcare services (2011–2020) and the all-cause death registry (2021) in Poland was conducted. Individuals who were consulted or hospitalized in public mental healthcare facilities and received at least one diagnosis of mental disorders (ICD-10) from 2011 to 2020 were identified. SMRs were compared between people with a history of mental disorder and the general population. SMRs for the pandemic period were also compared with prepandemic SMRs calculated for 2019.
No significant differences in SMRs were observed overall between 2021 and 2019. A minor increase in SMR was observed in 2021 for people treated only in outpatient mental health clinics. In 2021, a significant decrease in SMRs was shown for individuals with diagnoses from groups F10-F19 and F20-F29, and a significant increase in SMRs was observed for those with diagnoses from group F40-F48.

Summary
SMRs for people with any mental disorder in Poland in 2021 remained at comparable levels to those in 2019.
The role of immunomodulators in severe mental disorders: future perspectives
Authors: Baune Bernhard T. , Fromme Sarah E. 
Published: November 2024

Purpose of review
The immune system is of pivotal importance with regard to the development and maintenance of mental illness. Aberrant cytokine levels are significant immune markers, and research is increasingly focusing on the complement system and the gut-brain axis. The efficacy and safety of immunomodulatory interventions are currently the subject of clinical studies. Hence, this review is timeline and relevant to evaluate the latest evidence on the clinical value of immunomodulatory treatments from studies over the past 18 months in schizophrenia, bipolar disorder and unipolar depression.

Recent findings
While conventional psychotropic drugs (antidepressants, antipsychotics, lithium) appear to have immunomodulatory adverse effects, antibiotics (minocycline), nonsteroid anti-inflammatory drugs (celecoxib) and anti-inflammatory therapeutics in particular are the subject of ongoing clinical trials. Integrative medical interventions such as nutritional supplements (e.g., N-acetyl-l-cysteine, polyunsaturated fatty acids) and exercise interventions (e.g., running, yoga) are being evaluated for their immunomodulatory effects and clinical value.

Summary
No evidence-based recommendation can be made for the immunomodulatory treatment of depression, although celecoxib appears to be more effective than minocycline and omega-3 fatty acid. N-acetylcysteine (NAC) may be beneficial for the treatment of bipolar and schizophrenia disorders. However, further translational research is required to confirm these findings.
Network meta-analysis on the effects of various exercise modalities on pain control in populations with chronic nonspecific low back pain
Authors: Zhao Ke , Li Hua , Li Li , li Yongxiao 
Published: November 2024

AbstractObjectiveThis study aims to comprehensively evaluate and compare the effects of various exercise modalities on the control of chronic nonspecific low back pain through a network meta-analysis, in order to identify the most effective interventions.MethodsAdhering strictly to the PRISMA guidelines, this study selected randomized controlled trials from databases including PubMed, Web of Science, Embase, Cochrane Library, and Scopus, up to June 30, 2024. Data were processed using Stata 17.0 software, and the effect sizes were synthesized using standardized mean differences (SMD) with 95% confidence intervals (CI). The SUCRA method was used to rank the effectiveness of the interventions.ResultsA total of 26 studies involving 1,507 participants aged between 20 and 63.5 years were included. The network meta-analysis revealed that yoga [SMD = −1.71 (−2.93, −0.49), P < 0.05] and core stability training [SMD = −0.81 (−1.44, −0.18), P < 0.05] were significantly more effective than the control group. SUCRA probability ranking indicated that Tai Chi (SUCRA = 77.4) might be the best modality for improving control of chronic nonspecific low back pain.ConclusionThis network meta-analysis demonstrates the intervention effects of different exercise modalities on chronic nonspecific low back pain, with Tai Chi potentially being the most effective intervention. This provides an important reference for non-pharmacological interventions in chronic nonspecific low back pain.
Distinct Binding Modes of Inter-Spike Cross-Linking Suggest a Supplementary Mechanism for SARS-CoV-2 Antibody Neutralization
Authors: Nan Xuanyu , Li Yujie , Zhang Rui , Wang Ruoke , Lv Niannian , Li Jiayi , Chen Yuanfang , Zhou Bini , Wang Yangjunqi , Wang Ziyi , Zhu Jiayi , Chen Jing , Li Jinqian , Chen Wenlong , Zhang Qi , Shi Xuanling , Zhao Changwen , Chen Chunying , Liu Zhihua , Zhao Yuliang , Liu Dongsheng , Wang Xinquan , Yan Li-Tang , Li Taisheng , Zhang LinQi , Yang Yuhe R. 
Published: November 2024

AbstractThe emergence of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) and its Omicron subvariants drastically amplifies transmissibility, infectivity, and immune escape, mainly due to their resistance to most neutralizing antibodies. Thus, exploring the mechanisms underlying antibody evasion is crucial. Although the full-length native form of antibody, immunoglobulin G (IgG), offers valuable insights into the neutralization, structural investigations primarily focus on the fragment of antigen-binding (Fab). Here, we employ single-particle cryo-electron microscopy (cryo-EM) to characterize a W328-6H2 antibody, in its native IgG form complexed with severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS), severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 wild-type (WT) and Omicron variant BA.1 spike protein (S). Three high-resolution structures reveal that the full-length IgG forms a centered head-to-head dimer of trimer when bound fully stoichiometrically with both SARS and WT S, while adopting a distinct offset configuration with Omicron BA.1 S. Combined with functional assays, our results suggest that, beyond the binding affinity between the RBD epitope and Fab, the higher-order architectures of S trimer and full-length IgG play an additional role in neutralization, elucidate a potential molecular basis of Omicron immune escape, and expand our understanding on antibody evasion mechanisms.
ER sensing of lipid metabolism drives PRA family-dependent regulation of COPII vesicle transport
Authors: Nakazato Mitsuki , Nakamura Hiroki , Kato Mei , Ikema Ryoko , Iguchi Mizuki , Hanaoka Kazuki , Eto Katsuki , Karashima Takefumi , Ikeda Asuko , Yabuki Yukari , Schlarmann Philipp , Manzano-Lopez Javier , Aguilera-Romero Auxiliadora , Sabido-Bozo Susana , Perez-Linero Ana Maria , Kanai Muneyoshi , Iefuji Haruyuki , Riezman Isabelle , Riezman Howard , Muñiz Manuel , Funato Kouichi 
Published: November 2024

ABSTRACTNewly synthesized secretory proteins and many lipids are transported from the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) to the Golgi prior to their ultimate destinations. The ER-to-Golgi transport must be tightly regulated during adaptation to environmental stress. However, the sensing mechanism and regulatory pathways governing the consecutive formation, budding and transportation of COPII vesicles from the ER remain insufficiently explored. Here, we present evidence indicating that COPII-mediated vesicle transport is transcriptionally controlled through the phosphatidic acid-dependent Opi1-Ino2/Ino4 regulatory circuit. Our analysis indicates thatYIP3, a target gene of Ino2/Ino4, exerts a negative regulatory impact on COPII-mediated vesicle transport. Furthermore, we demonstrated that Ino2/Ino4 but not Yip3 modulates Sar1 activation, the initial step in COPII vesicle formation, whereas Yip3 hinders Sec16 assembly on the ER membrane, thereby implying that Ino2/Ino4 governs COPII-mediated trafficking at multiple steps. Thus, this study provides the first evidence for an ER sensing system that transcriptionally fine-tunes multiple steps of anterograde vesicular transport in response to alterations in lipid composition of the ER membrane.
A global view of the RNA-binding and regulatory protein landscape inCaenorhabditis elegans
Authors: Laver John D. , Duncan Maida , Calarco John A. 
Published: November 2024

AbstractPost-transcriptional regulation of gene expression is essential for the correct development and functioning of an organism. This regulation is coordinated by a collection of proteins that work together to determine an RNA’s post-transcriptional fate. Here, we provide a global overview of the RNA regulatory protein landscape inCaenorhabditis elegans, to provide insight into the coordination of post-transcriptional regulatory activities in the context of a multicellular organism. First, we have curated a comprehensive list of all known and putative RNA regulatory proteins encoded in theC. elegansgenome, classified based on domain and functional annotations and published experimental data. Second, using protein-protein interaction data in the STRING database, we created a putative RNA regulatory protein interaction network that highlighted known RNA regulatory complexes, and leveraged this network to identify an additional 138 known and putative RNA regulators previously unannotated inC. elegans. Finally, we examined the tissue- and developmental-stage-specific expression of RNA regulators using published transcript expression data, which revealed strong expression in the gonad for a majority, as well as dozens expressed specifically in each of the major somaticC. eleganstissues. Taken together, this work will provide a valuable resource for future studies of RNA biology inC. elegans.