bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Postoperative Antibiotics for Patients with a Complex Appendicitis
Authors: van den Boom Anne Loes , de Wijkerslooth Elisabeth M.L. , Wijnhoven Bas P.L. 
Published: June 2019

Postoperative antibiotics are recommended after appendectomy for complex appendicitis to reduce infectious complications. The duration of this treatment varies considerably between and even within institutions. The aim of this review was to critically appraise studies on duration of antibiotic treatment following appendectomy for complex appendicitis. A systematic literature search according to the PRISMA guidelines was performed. Comparative studies evaluating different durations of postoperative antibiotic therapy. Primary endpoint was intra-abdominal abscess (IAA) after appendectomy. Secondary endpoints were surgical site infection, readmission and length of hospital stay. The quality of evidence was assessed with the Grading of Recommendations Assessment, Development and Evaluation (GRADE) tool. Pooled event rates were calculated using a random-effects model. Nine studies reporting 2006 patients with complex appendicitis were included. The methodological quality of the included articles was poor. IAA was seen in 138 patients (8,6%). Meta-analysis revealed a statistically significant difference in IAA incidence between antibiotic treatment of ≤5 vs. &#x3e;5 days (risk ratio (OR) 0.36 [95% CI 0.23–0.57] (<i>p</i> &#x3c; 0.0001)) but not between ≤3 vs. &#x3e;3 days (OR 0.81 [95% CI 0.38–1.74] (<i>p</i> = 0.59)). Descriptive statistics were used for secondary endpoints. The duration of postoperative antibiotic treatment is not associated with IAA following appendectomy for complex appendicitis.
Erosion-Protective Capacity of the Salivary Pellicle of Female and Male Subjects Is Not Different
Authors: Wiegand Annette , Rosemann Anne , Hoch Monika , Barke Sarah , Dakna Mohammed , Kanzow Philipp 
Published: June 2019

This study aimed to analyse if the erosion-protective potential of the salivary pellicle is different between female and male subjects. Bovine enamel and dentin specimens (each <i>n</i> = 3) were exposed to the oral cavity of healthy female or male volunteers (each <i>n</i> = 25, females: 25.8 ± 3.5 years, males: 26.7 ± 4.0 years) for 120 min to form a salivary pellicle. Subsequently, each 2 enamel and 2 dentin specimens were eroded with hydrochloric acid (pH 2.6, 60 s). Specimens of the control group (each <i>n</i> = 30) were eroded without presenting a salivary pellicle. Calcium release into the acid was determined photometrically. Additionally, total protein content in the pellicle (each <i>n</i> = 1 enamel and dentin specimen/volunteer) and different salivary parameters (flow rate, pH, buffer capacity, protein, albumin, calcium, phosphate, fluoride) were assessed. Statistical analyses were performed by one-way ANOVA, <i>t</i> tests, multiple linear regressions and Pearson correlations (<i>p</i> &#x3c; 0.05). The erosion-protective capacity was not significantly different among female (calcium release [% of control]: enamel: 82.6 ± 28.1, dentin: 80.7 ± 24.0) and male (enamel: 76.0 ± 27.5, dentin: 87.1 ± 34.9) subjects. The protein content of the pellicle was not different between female and male subjects. The protein content and pH of unstimulated saliva were significantly reduced in female compared to male volunteers. Calcium release was neither correlated with the protein content of the salivary pellicle nor with salivary parameters. Under the conditions of the present study, the erosion-protective capacity of the salivary pellicle of female and male subjects is not different.
Principe de Non-Contradiction, Négation et Pluralisme Logique
Authors: Kevorkian Gilles 
Published: June 2019

In lieu of an abstract, here is a brief excerpt of the content:
"Francis Wolff a développé une ontologie qui repose sur une certaine conception, indissociablement sémantique et métaphysique, du principe de non-contradiction. Son ontologie part du principe que « le monde n’est pas contradictoire ». C’est là, écrit-il, «sa caractéristique la plus générale et la moins douteuse ». Le principe de non- contradiction est donc « le principe fondamental de notre monde ». Francis Wolff explicite sa thèse de manière « quasi-modale » : le principe de non-contradiction est nécessairement celui de tout monde, une loi ontologique."
Du Monde qui ne va pas Sans Dire
Authors: Marrou Élise 
Published: June 2019

In lieu of an abstract, here is a brief excerpt of the content:
"Que faut-il pour faire un monde ? À cette question classique, Francis Wolff répondait en 1997 ni de tout (car le monde n’est pas une collection de choses, une totalité entendue au sens purement quantitatif ou extensionnel d’un inventaire exhaustif), ni seulement du tout (car le monde ne répond pas non plus à la seule exigence d’universalité ou d’universalisation de l’expérience), mais « des noms, des verbes et des pronoms personnels ». Sa réponse avait de quoi surprendre le lecteur. Elle garde toute sa dimension provocatrice aujourd’hui. À suivre les linéaments de la démonstration de l’ouvrage, le langage « fait monde » en un double sens : la prédication donne accès au monde ; cet usage apophantique du logos est par définition intersubjectif. C’est donc le langage qui fait du réel un monde entendu à la fois comme tout ordonné et comme réel partagé. Il y aurait dès lors un cercle vertueux entre la relation d’objectivité et la relation d’interlocution, ainsi qu’une réversibilité de principe entre le langage défini comme objet-monde et la structure elle-même langagière du monde. On ne saurait distinguer le monde de ce que nous pouvons en dire. Par définition, le monde ne peut donc aller sans dire, ni même aller de soi."
Postoperative Transcatheter Interventions in Children Undergoing Congenital Heart Surgery
Authors: Thibault Dylan , Wallace Amelia S. , Jacobs Marshall L. , Hornik Christoph P. , Costello John M. , Fleming Gregory F. , Jacobs Jeffrey P. , Jaquiss Robert D.B. , Goldstein Bryan H. , Chamberlain Reid C. , Hill Kevin D. 
Published: June 2019

Background:
Postoperative transcatheter interventions (TCIs) are performed after congenital heart surgery to treat residual or recurrent anatomic lesions. We used the Society of Thoracic Surgeons Congenital Heart Surgery Database to evaluate rates of postoperative TCIs, center variability, and to determine whether center approaches to postoperative TCI might be associated with outcomes.

Methods and Results:

Patients <18 years undergoing an index operation (2010–2016) were included. We determined predischarge postoperative TCI rates and used multivariable modeling, adjusting for patient factors and case complexity, to evaluate the association between center risk-adjusted postoperative TCI rates and risk-adjusted outcomes (operative mortality, post-TCI mortality, and failure-to-rescue). Postoperative TCI was performed after 2615/105 742 (2.5%) index operations and after 1443/25 416 (5.7%) highest complexity operations (STAT [Society of Thoracic Surgeons-European Association for Cardio-Thoracic Surgery Mortality Score] Mortality Category 4 and 5). Median (interquartile range) age of patients undergoing TCI was 2.7 (0.2–8.0) months with 43% performed in neonates. There was a wide center variability across the 107 included centers with risk-adjusted rates of postoperative TCI ranging from 0.0% to 8.0% overall and 0.0% to 20.7% for STAT 4 and 5 cases. Postoperative TCI was associated with higher risk-adjusted odds of operative mortality (odds ratio, 4.06; 95% CI, 3.60–4.58). Centers with higher postoperative TCI rates had higher overall operative mortality (
R
2
=0.23;
P
=0.02) but did not have higher post-TCI mortality (
P
=0.10). There was no correlation between center TCI rates and failure-to-rescue (
P
=0.19).

Conclusions:
Patients undergoing postoperative TCI represent a high-risk cohort. Wide center variability suggests the potential for improving outcomes, but further study is necessary to better understand optimal approaches.
Tensions between the Study of Gender and Religion
Authors: Duderija Adis 
Published: June 2019

Abstract
In this article, I discuss the tensions between patriarchal and non-patriarchal interpretations of the Islamic tradition and some of the factors which contribute to the engendering of both. In order to contextualize the main discussion in the first part of the article, I outline the historical tensions between the study of religion and gender in general. The question of whether the culturally organizing function of gender is to be inevitably linked to the formation and perpetuation of patriarchal religion in general, and Islam in particular, is explored, or whether religion, including the case of Islam, can be a source of non-patriarchal values and ethics. In the second part, I discuss some of the most prominent factors which contribute to patriarchal interpretations of the Islamic tradition by grouping them, from the perspective of the individual interpreter, into those which pertain to personal opinion regarding the nature of two genders, Sitz im Leben, and interpretational methodology (manhaj). In the context of non-patriarchal interpretations of the Islamic tradition, I discuss its main delineating features and show, by using the work of a contemporary reformist Iranian scholar, H. Y. Eshkevari (b. 1949/1950), how the contemporary non-patriarchal interpretations of the Islamic tradition are sensitive to how both patriarchy and gender influence the process of interpretation.
Echo’s Bones and the Metamorphoses of the Voice
Authors: LeVen Pauline 
Published: June 2019

Abstract
This article concentrates on the description of the demise of Echo in the Ovidian narrative of Echo and Narcissus in Metamorphoses 3. I argue that a pun in the line vox tantum atque ossa supersunt (3.398) encapsulates the problem at the heart of the myth: rather than being a reflection on the origins of the echo and the delusion of the senses, the myth of Echo is a meditation on the nature of the voice.
Musical Themes and Private Art in the Augustan Age
Authors: Castaldo Daniela 
Published: June 2019

Abstract
Some musical themes represented in terra sigillata reflect the political propaganda of the Augustan regime, as in the presence of Apollo citharoedus, of Sirens and of Hercules with the Muses. This visual repertory shares many features with the Augustan poets (especially the elegists) and with other private art of the Augustan period. Arretine ware potters often included Dionysiac, symposiastic and erotic scenes in their repertory, moving well beyond Augustus’ official program. They recall formal and cultural models of the Hellenistic era.
Antistrophes or Antistrophic Couples?
Authors: Ercoles Marco 
Published: June 2019

Abstract
On a particular use of the substantive adjective (ἡ) ἀντίστροφος, “piece of the song in response to the strophe”, “antistrophe”: in some passages of the Aristotelian corpus (Rh. 1409a27, a 27, b 27, [Prob.] 19.15 and 19.30) it is used, generally in the plural, to refer to the whole antistrophic pair, not only to the antistrophe. Such a peculiar use, generally unrecognized, should be integrated into modern dictionaries of Ancient Greek.
Optimal tube voltage for abdominal enhanced CT in children: a self-controlled study
Authors: Sun Jihang , Zhang Qifeng , Zhou Zuofu , Jia Chenguang , Yang Wei , Li Haoyan , Peng Yun 
Published: June 2019

Background The use of weight-adapted pediatric computed tomography (CT) tube voltage protocols has been suggested, but a consensus standard has not been established and clinical available studies are not sufficient. Purpose To determine the best tube voltage for low dose abdominal CT imaging in children. Material and Methods Eighty-seven cases who needed three CT exams in a 1–3-month interval between scans were enrolled (mean age = 4.69 ± 3.20 years). The three scans were performed with three different tube voltages at 80 kV, 100 kV, and 120 kV, keeping the same radiation dose and same contrast injection protocol. Patients were divided into five groups for analysis based on their body weight. The subjective image quality of the three exams were evaluated using a 4-point scale (4 being the best) for image noise and image quality. The objective evaluation in terms of CT values and standard deviation in aorta, liver, spleen, pancreas, and kidney were measured to calculate the degree of enhancement and contrast-to-noise ratio (CNR) of organs. One-way ANOVA was used to compare the subjective and objective image quality with respect to different tube voltages and different patient weights. Result The 80-kV tube voltage provided the highest overall enhancement and CNR for the entire patient population and the best objective image quality for the 6.1–28.0 kg subgroup. Conclusion Patient weight-dependent tube voltage selection maximizes image quality for abdominal enhanced CT in children. The optimal tube voltage for children with weight <28 kg is 80 kV; higher voltages should be selected for children weighing 28.1–50.0 kg.
Assessment of the Spatial Heterogeneity of Breast Cancers: Associations Between Computed Tomography and Immunohistochemistry
Authors: Woolf David K , Li Sonia P , Detre Simone , Liu Alison , Gogbashian Andrew , Simcock Ian C , Stirling James , Kosmin Michael , Cook Gary J , Siddique Muhammad , Dowsett Mitch , Makris Andreas , Goh Vicky 
Published: June 2019

Background: Tumour heterogeneity is considered an important mechanism of treatment failure. Imaging-based assessment of tumour heterogeneity is showing promise but the relationship between these mathematically derived measures and accepted ‘gold standards’ of tumour biology such as immunohistochemical measures is not established. Methods: A total of 20 women with primary breast cancer underwent a research dynamic contrast-enhanced computed tomography prior to treatment with data being available for 15 of these. Texture analysis was performed of the primary tumours to extract 13 locoregional and global parameters. Immunohistochemical analysis associations were assessed by the Spearman rank correlation. Results: Hypoxia-inducible factor-1α was correlated with first-order kurtosis ( r = −0.533, P = .041) and higher order neighbourhood grey-tone difference matrix coarseness ( r = 0.54, P = .038). Vascular maturity-related smooth muscle actin was correlated with higher order grey-level run-length long-run emphasis ( r = −0.52, P = .047), fractal dimension ( r = 0.613, P = .015), and lacunarity ( r = −0.634, P = .011). Micro-vessel density, reflecting angiogenesis, was also associated with lacunarity ( r = 0.547, P = .035). Conclusions: The associations suggest a biological basis for these image-based heterogeneity features and support the use of imaging, already part of standard care, for assessing intratumoural heterogeneity.
Estradiol and NADPH oxidase crosstalk regulates responses to high fat feeding in female mice
Authors: Ronis Martin J , Blackburn Michael L , Shankar Kartik , Ferguson Matthew , Cleves Mario A , Badger Thomas M 
Published: June 2019

We previously demonstrated protection against high fat-induced obesity in female but not male p47phox−/− mice lacking NADPH oxidase NOX1/2 activity. To test the role of estradiol (E2)-NOX crosstalk in development of this sexually dimorphic phenotype, we fed diets containing 42% fat/0.5% cholesterol to intact and ovariectomized wild type female C57BL/6 mice and female p47phox−/− mice and to ovariectomized mice where the diet was supplemented with an 1 mg/kg 17β estradiol (E2) for 12 weeks from PND28. Weight gain, gonadal fat pad weight, serum leptin and adiponectin, and adipose tissue inflammation were greater in intact wild type vs. p47 mice ( P < 0.05). Genotype effects on body weight/fat mass were abolished after ovariectomized and restored in OVX + E2 mice ( P < 0.05). The mRNA of downstream PPARγ targets CD36, lipoprotein lipase, and leptin was higher in intact wild type vs. p47phox−/− mice mice ( P < 0.05). Likewise, intact high fat-fed wild type mice had higher expression of the cytokine Mcp1; the pyroptosis marker Nirp3 and matrix remodeling and fibrosis markers Mmp2, Col1A1, and Col6a3 mRNAs ( P < 0.05). These genotype effects were reversed and restored by ovariectomized and OVX + E2, respectively ( P < 0.05). These data suggest that triglyceride accumulation in adipose tissue and development of adipose tissue injury in response to feeding diets high in fat and cholesterol is regulated by the balance between NOX-dependent reactive oxygen species signaling and E2-signaling during development. Loss of estrogens post menopause may increase the risk of obesity and metabolic syndrome as the result disinhibition of reactive oxygen species signaling. Impact statement Estrogens are known to regulate body composition. In addition, reactive oxygen species (ROS) produced by the action of NADPH oxidase (NOX) enzymes have been linked to obesity development. We examined development of obesity and adipose tissue injury in response to feeding “Western” diets high in fat and cholesterol in intact, ovariectomized (OVX), and estrogen-replaced (OVX + E2) wild type and p47phox−/− female mice where NOX2 activity is inhibited. Weight gain, gonadal fat pad weight, and adipose tissue inflammation were greater in intact WT vs. p47phox−/− mice. Genotype effects on body weight/fat mass were abolished after OVX and restored in OVX + E2 mice. These data indicate adipose tissue responses to feeding the “Western” diet is regulated by negative cross-talk between NOX-dependent ROS signaling and E2-signaling during development. Loss of estrogens post menopause may increase the risk of obesity and metabolic syndrome as the result disinhibition of ROS signaling.
Downregulation of WW domain-containing oxidoreductase leads to tamoxifen-resistance by the inactivation of Hippo signaling
Authors: Li Juan , Feng Xuefei , Li Canyu , Liu Jie , Li Pingping , Wang Ruiqi , Chen He , Liu Peijun 
Published: June 2019

Acquired tamoxifen-resistance is an important cause of death in patients with hormone-dependent breast tumors. Therefore, understanding the molecular mechanisms underlying the development of tamoxifen-resistance is critical for successful endocrine therapy. This study aimed to define the role of WW domain-containing oxidoreductase (WWOX) in acquired tamoxifen-resistance. Our results show that low WWOX expression was significantly related to tamoxifen-resistance. Moreover, WWOX-knockdown increased resistance to tamoxifen, while WWOX overexpression decreased the resistance. Furthermore, WWOX silencing decreased Yes-associated protein (YAP) phosphorylation and increased YAP nuclear translocation. Finally, YAP silencing decreased tamoxifen-resistance in WWOX-knockdown cells. Our findings demonstrate that WWOX downregulation can lead to the development of tamoxifen-resistance by inactivating Hippo signaling. Thus, WWOX might be a valuable target and prognostic marker for tamoxifen-resistance. Impact statement Understanding the molecular pathways leading to the development of tamoxifen-resistance is an important research focus as acquired tamoxifen-resistance is the main cause of death in patients with benign primary prognosis. Although WW domain-containing oxidoreductase (WWOX) has been related to breast tumorigenesis, its role in acquired tamoxifen-resistance has not yet been demonstrated. Our findings show that WWOX might be a valuable therapeutic target and prognostic marker for tamoxifen-resistance.
The Effects of Various Hemostatic Agents on Shear-bond Strength in Primary Teeth: An In Vitro Study
Authors: Delikan Ebru , Cantekin Kenan 
Published: June 2019

Aims and objectives:The aim of this study was to determine the effects of chitosan, Ankaferd Blood Stopper®(ABS, Ankaferd Health Products Ltd, Turkey), and ferric sulfate (FS) on the shear-bond strength of the self-etch adhesive to primary tooth dentin.Materials and methods:The occlusal surfaces of 80 extracted human primary teeth (stored in a 0.5% chloramine-T solution at 4oC) were ground flat, exposing the dentin. The teeth were divided into 4 groups: chitosan, ABS, FS, and control. Hemostatic agents were applied to the teeth, and then they were rinsed with distilled water and air dried. In the control group, the teeth were only rinsed with distilled water and slightly air dried. A self-etch adhesive was applied, and the composite cylinder was created on all the samples. Shear-bond strength was tested with a universal testing machine. Failure mode analysis was performed using scanning electron microscopy.Results:The study revealed no statistically significant difference between the hemostatic agent and control groups in terms of bond strength ( P >.05). The highest bond strength was observed in the chitosan group. In this group, a statistically significant difference between chitosan and ABS was observed ( P <.05). The adhesive failure was the predominant failure mode in all the groups.Conclusions:These findings suggest that chitosan, ABS, and FS have no adverse effects on the bonding of the self-etch adhesive to primary teeth dentin.
Knowledge and Attitude Toward Electric Toothbrush Use Among Dental Professionals in Saudi Arabia
Authors: Al-Kattan Reem , Al-Shibani Nouf 
Published: June 2019

Background: Proper knowledge and awareness regarding electric toothbrushes may decrease the incidence of caries and indirectly reduce the burden of oral disease on the developing economy by preventing plaque-related disease on a population level. Aims and objectives: The aim of this study was to assess the knowledge and attitude toward electric toothbrush use among dentist in Saudi Arabia. Materials and methods: An analytical cross-sectional study was conducted among 417 dentists in Saudi Arabia. For this study, an interview-type questionnaire comprising 14 questions was designed. These questions were asked from different dentists randomly through a telephonic survey. The first part of the questionnaire was related to the basic demographic details of the dentists, that is, gender, age, type of practice, dental education, specialty, and experience, whereas the second part of the questionnaire was designed to extract the experience, attitude, and opinion of the dentists regarding electric toothbrushes. The data were compiled and analyzed using Statistical Product and Service Solutions, version 20 (SPSS Inc., Chicago, IL, USA). Descriptive statistics were employed to calculate means and percentages for demographic data. Results: Among the dental participants, 171 (41.0%) were general practitioners, 163 (39.0%) were specialist, 23 (5.6%) were postgraduate students, and 60 (14.4%) were graduate dentists. A total of 271 (65%) respondents believed better patient compliance to be the main benefit of the electric toothbrush, whereas 325 (77.9%) respondents believed that poor patient compliance was the reason for patient’s poor plaque control. Similarly, 319 (76.5%) dentists endorsed patients with manual dexterity issues. Those dentists primarily recommended electric toothbrushes to patients with medical problems. Conclusions: Knowledge of dentists in Saudi Arabia is adequate regarding electric toothbrushes; efforts should be made to improve knowledge and awareness on the use of powered toothbrushes at the patients’ level.