bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Impact of a severe rain event on C- and N-DBP precursor removal using IEX
Authors: Doederer K. , Ilieva Z. , Keller J. 
Published: February 2018

Abstract
During disinfection, dissolved organic matter (DOM) is the major precursor to form disinfection by-products (DBPs), which may be of potential human health concern. Previous research focused on waters of continental climates and less on subtropical environments. However, water sources in subtropical climates are regularly impacted by major rain events during the summer months. This study evaluated the C- and N-DBP precursor removal capacity of two conventional ion exchange (IEX) resins and one magnetic ion exchange (MIEX) resin with a raw water at normal conditions and impacted by a heavy rain event. The rain event introduced 3 mg C/L total organic carbon (TOC) comprised mainly of low to medium molecular weight organics. All three resins were able to remove TOC and DBP precursors (&gt;66%) but being less efficient in reducing turbidity (3–48%) and colour (9–24%). The resin with the smallest bead size was affected the most by the increased medium MW DOM loading resulting in DOM and C-DBP precursor removal performance losses of 10% and 22%. When applied as a pre-treatment for coagulation, MIEX was more efficient in DBP precursor control than coagulation in addressing the additional organic and DBP precursor loading after a heavy rain event.
On the sensitivity of geospatial low impact development locations to the centralized sewer network
Authors: Zischg Jonatan , Zeisl Peter , Winkler Daniel , Rauch Wolfgang , Sitzenfrei Robert 
Published: February 2018

Abstract
In the future, infrastructure systems will have to become smarter, more sustainable, and more resilient requiring new methods of urban infrastructure design. In the field of urban drainage, green infrastructure is a promising design concept with proven benefits to runoff reduction, stormwater retention, pollution removal, and/or the creation of attractive living spaces. Such ‘near-nature’ concepts are usually distributed over the catchment area in small scale units. In many cases, these above-ground structures interact with the existing underground pipe infrastructure, resulting in hybrid solutions. In this work, we investigate the effect of different placement strategies for low impact development (LID) structures on hydraulic network performance of existing drainage networks. Based on a sensitivity analysis, geo-referenced maps are created which identify the most effective LID positions within the city framework (e.g. to improve network resilience). The methodology is applied to a case study to test the effectiveness of the approach and compare different placement strategies. The results show that with a simple targeted LID placement strategy, the flood performance is improved by an additional 34% as compared to a random placement strategy. The developed map is easy to communicate and can be rapidly applied by decision makers when deciding on stormwater policies.
QSAR Analysis for Antioxidant Activity of Dipicolinic Acid Derivatives
Authors: Rastija Vesna , Molnar Maja , Siladi Tena , Masand Vijay Hariram 
Published: February 2018

Aims and Objectives: The aim of this study was to derive robust and reliable QSAR
models for clarification and prediction of antioxidant activity of 43 heterocyclic and Schiff bases
dipicolinic acid derivatives. According to the best obtained QSAR model, structures of new compounds
with possible great activities should be proposed.

Methods:
Molecular descriptors were calculated by DRAGON and ADMEWORKS from optimized
molecular structure and two algorithms were used for creating the training and test sets in both set of
descriptors. Regression analysis and validation of models were performed using QSARINS.

Results:
The model with best internal validation result was obtained by DRAGON descriptors
(MATS4m, EEig03d, BELm4, Mor10p), split by ranking method (R2 = 0.805; R2
ext = 0.833; F =
30.914). The model with best external validation result was obtained by ADMEWORKS descriptors
(NDB, MATS5p, MDEN33, TPSA), split by random method (R2 = 0.692; R2
ext = 0.848; F = 16.818).

Conclusion:
Important structural requirements for great antioxidant activity are: low number of
double bonds in molecules; absence of tertial nitrogen atoms; higher number of hydrogen bond
donors; enhanced molecular polarity; and symmetrical moiety. Two new compounds with potentially
great antioxidant activities were proposed.
Herbal Products for Common Auto-Inflammatory Disorders - Novel Approaches
Authors: Suroowan Shanoo , Mahomoodally Fawzi 
Published: February 2018

Background:
Common auto-inflammatory disorders (CAIDs) constitute a wide array of
ailments ranging from acute allergies to chronic conditions. Globally, CAIDs remain one of the
leading causes of disability and morbidity. Despite playing a leading therapeutic role, the vast
profusion of anti-inflammatory synthetic agents have not been able to fully resolve a panoply of
CAIDs. Additionally, contemporary synthetic therapy approaches remain bounded by a wide array of
limitations essentially being adverse effects and unaffordable costs. In this advent, the use of herbal
products provides an interesting avenue to explore in view of developing such treatment regimens.

Objective:
This review article endeavors to highlight potential herbal products and isolated
phytochemicals which can be of benefit in the prophylaxis, management, and treatment alongside
avoiding the relapse of CAIDs.

Conclusion:
This review article has highlighted that herbals, herbal products, and isolated
metabolites hold a huge potential in the prophylaxis, management, and treatment of CAIDs. Herbals
can act on various targets involved in the pathogenesis of inflammatory disorders. In addition, novel
approaches for the management of CAIDs are numerous. Indeed, nanoparticles loaded with
phytochemicals have been developed to specifically target the colon for IBD treatment. In silico
approaches using herbals also offer unlimited avenues to decipher new pharmacophores.
Investigating the potential of polyherbal formulations is another unique approach which can be
investigated. Given the inefficacy of conventional medicines, the concomitant use of conventional
and herbal medicines can also be explored.
Determination of Midodrine and its Active Metabolite Desglymidodrine by LC-MS/MS and its Application in Human Pharmacokinetic Studies
Authors: Narenderan S.T. , Meyyanathan S.N. , Babu B. , Yamjala Karthik , Ashwini S.J. 
Published: February 2018

Background:
Midodrine (MD) is a prodrug which is converted into Desglymidodrine
(DMD) after oral administration.
</P><P>
Objective: The aim of the present study is to develop and validate a precise, accurate liquid chromatography-
tandem mass spectroscopy (LC-MS/MS) method for the separation and detection of Midodrine
and Desglymidodrine.

Methods:
The quantification of prodrug Midodrine (MD) and its active metabolite Desglymidodrine
(DMD) in human plasma was performed using simple and economical protein precipitation method.
Caffeine was used as an internal standard (IS). LC separation was carried out using Jones C18 column
(4.6mm x 150mm, 3µm). Isocratic elution was performed using 10mM ammonium formate (pH 4.0
adjusted with formic acid): methanol 30:70, v/v as a mobile phase, at a constant of flow of 0.5 ml/min.

Results:
Mass spectrometric detection was carried out at positive electrospray ionization with proton
adducts at m/z 255.0˃237.1, 198.1˃180.2 and 195.0˃138.1 for Midodrine, Desglymidodrine and caffeine
(IS) respectively, in MRM mode. The method was validated over a linear concentration range of
0.3-110 ng/ml (r2 =0.996 and r2 =0.9988) for both Midodrine and Desglymidodrine. The recovery of
Midodrine and Desglymidodrine were found to be 99 ± 0.12%. The precision (intra-day and inter-day)
and accuracy studies fulfilled the acceptance criteria.

Conclusion:
The method shows to be stable for the studied stability parameters and was successfully
applied for clinical pharmacokinetic studies.
Characterization, Purity Determination and Decomposition Kinetics of Ezetimibe Under Non-Isothermal Conditions
Authors: Martins Guilherme A. G. , Murakami Fabio S. , Sangoi Maximiliano S. , Todeschini Vitor , S. Bernardi Larissa , R. Oliveira Paulo 
Published: February 2018

Background:Ezetimibe is a lipid-lowering agent used therapeutically alone or in combination of other drugs. The properties of the solid-state of drugs are critical factors in the pharmaceutical formulation development. Several instrumental techniques can be employed in the analysis of new formulations, but the thermoanalytical techniques, provide a fast and careful evaluation of physicochemical properties of a compound. </P><P> Objective: To carry out the physicochemical characterization, purity evaluation and non-isothermal kinetic studies of ezetimibe raw material.Methods:A combination of the following different analytical technics was employed: Differential Scanning Calorimetry, Thermogravimetric, Scanning Electron Microscopy, X-ray powder diffraction.Results:The results evidenced the crystalline characteristic of ezetimibe. The sample purity was 99.06 % ± 0.02 and the thermal decomposition followed a zero order kinetic, with activation energy of 96.56 kJ mol–1 and Arrhenius frequency factor of 3,442 x 109 min-1.Conclusion:The characterization of ezetimibe together with the non-isothermal kinetic degradation represents important studies for the pharmaceutical area, since it provides crucial information for the pharmacotechnical/quality control/production areas that should establish the specifications necessary to standardize the requirements of the raw material acquire to ensure the batch-to-batch reproducibility.
CJK-7, a Novel Flavonoid from Paulownia tomentosa Triggers Cell Death Cascades in HCT-116 Human Colon Carcinoma Cells via Redox Signaling
Authors: Singh Mahendra Pal , Park Ki Hun , Khaket Tejinder Pal , Kang Sun Chul 
Published: February 2018

Background:
Colon cancer is the second most common cancer to cause death worldwide. About half
of colon cancers patients require adjuvant therapy to control relapse following surgical resection. Therefore,
abolition of tumor cell progression using an effective chemotherapeutic agent holds a feasible approach to treat
patients suffering from colon cancer. In the present study, we evaluated the effects of geranylated flavonoid
CJK-7, isolated from Paulownia tomentosa on HCT-116 human colon carcinoma cells.

Materials and Methods:
The effects of CJK-7 as an active component on HCT-116 cells programmed cell death
and its underlying molecular mechanism were examined by using MTT assay, morphological assessment,
H2DCFDA staining, Fura-2AM staining, Hoechst-33342 staining, comet assay, Acridine orange staining, mitochondrial
membrane potential (ΔΨm) assay and Western blot analyses.

Results and Conclusion:
The results revealed that, CJK-7 was capable of inducing caspase-dependent cell death
events in cancer cells. Moreover, it was involved in up-regulation of autophagy signaling as evidenced by enhanced
expression of LC3I/II. We also noticed stimulated expression of endoplasmic reticulum stress markers
and phosphorylation of c-Jun NH2-terminal kinase (JNK), which was associated with up-regulated expression of
p53, PUMA, Atg5 and Beclin-1, and down-regulation of Bcl-2, stressing the interaction of ROS on the aforementioned
signaling. Furthermore, exposure to ROS scavengers (N-acetyl-l-cysteine (NAC), and JNK-specific
inhibitor SP600125) significantly reversed the effects of CJK-7 by down-regulating apoptosis and autophagy
signatures in HCT-116 cancer cells. Collectively our findings clarify the ROS-dependent regulatory effect of
CJK-7 on programmed cell death signaling events in HCT-116 cancer cells while depicting its virile pro-oxidant
capacity.
Twenty-Four–Hour Ambulatory Blood Pressure versus Clinic Blood Pressure Measurements and Risk of Adverse Outcomes in Children with CKD
Authors: Ku Elaine , McCulloch Charles E. , Warady Bradley A. , Furth Susan L. , Grimes Barbara A. , Mitsnefes Mark M. 
Published: February 2018

Background

and objectives Our objective was to determine whether clinic BPs (taken at either a single visit or two sequential visits) are inferior to ambulatory BPs in their ability to discriminate risk of adverse outcomes in children with CKD.

Design, setting, participants, & measurements
We included 513 participants of the CKD in Children Study who had clinic BPs and 24-hour ambulatory BP monitoring performed during similar timeframes. Predictors of interest were systolic BPs taken at a single visit or two repeated visits within a 1-year period compared with mean wake and sleep systolic ambulatory BPs. Outcomes were left ventricular hypertrophy and ESKD. We determined the ability for each BP parameter to provide risk discrimination using c statistics.

Results
During mean follow-up of 3.5 years, 123 participants developed ESKD. In cross-sectional unadjusted analysis, every 0.1 increase in systolic BP index was associated with a 2.0 times higher odds of left ventricular hypertrophy (95% confidence interval, 1.5 to 2.8) by clinic BPs versus 1.8 times higher odds (95% confidence interval, 1.3 to 2.4) by ambulatory wake BP. The c statistic was highest for clinic BP (c=0.65; 95% confidence interval, 0.58 to 0.73) but similar to ambulatory wake BP (c=0.64; 95% confidence interval, 0.57 to 0.71) for the discrimination of left ventricular hypertrophy. In longitudinal unadjusted analysis, every 0.1 increase in systolic BP index was associated with a higher risk of ESKD using repeated clinic (hazard ratio, 1.5; 95% confidence interval, 1.3 to 1.8) versus ambulatory wake BP (hazard ratio, 1.6; 95% confidence interval, 1.3 to 2.0). Unadjusted c statistics were the same for wake (c=0.61; 95% confidence interval, 0.56 to 0.67) and clinic systolic BPs (c=0.61; 95% confidence interval, 0.55 to 0.66) for discriminating risk of ESKD.

Conclusions
Clinic BPs taken in a protocol-driven setting are not consistently inferior to ambulatory BP in the discrimination of BP-related adverse outcomes in children with CKD.
EFEKTIVITAS DAUN NANGKA DALAM RANSUM RUMINANSIA TERHADAP, KECERNAAN BAHAN KERING, BAHAN ORGANIK DAN KANDUNGAN TANIN
Authors: Nora Delfia , Astuti Tri , Wahid Darham 
Published: February 2018

<p>Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui Efektivitas Daun Nangka Dalam Ransum RuminansiaTerhadap, Kecernaan Bahan Kering, Bahan Organik dan Kandungan Tanin. Daun nangka tersebut dikombinasikan dengan rumput lapangan sebagai pakan ternak. Penelitian ini dilakukan dengan metode eksperimen menggunakan Rancangan Acak Lengkap. Perlakuan dalam penelitian ini merupakan kombinasi daun Nangka dan rumput lapangan yang terdiri dari : I. 100% Rumput lapangan dan 0% daun nangka, II. 80% Rumput lapangan dan 20% daun nangka, III. 60% Rumput lapangan dan 40% daun nangka, IV. 20% Rumput lapangan dan 80% daun nangka, V. 0% Rumput lapangan dan 100% daun nangka. Parameter penelitian ini adalah melihat konsentrasi kandungan tanin dari masing-masing perlakuan, kecernaan bahan kering dan bahan organik. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian terlihat pengaruh sangat nyata (P&lt;0.01) pada kandungan tanin, semakin tinggi persentase daun nangka dalam ransum perlakuan semakin tinggi kandungan tanin, akan tetapi pengaruh yang tidak nyata terhadap kecernaan bahan kering dan bahan organik .</p><p><em><br /></em></p><p><em>This researched aimed to know the effect of </em><em>jackfruit leaves</em><em> in the ruminant feed on </em><em>the tannin content, dry matter and organic matter digestibility. The jackfruit leaves was combined with the grass field as fodder. This study used an experimental method a completely randomized design used in combination Jackfruit leaves and grass field with treatment : </em><em>I. </em><em>100% </em><em>grass field</em><em> </em><em>and</em><em> 0% </em><em>Jackfruit leaves</em><em>, II. 80% </em><em>grass field</em><em> </em><em>and</em><em> 20% </em><em>Jackfruit leaves</em><em>, III. 60% </em><em>grass field</em><em> </em><em>and</em><em> 40% </em><em>Jackfruit leaves</em><em>, IV. 20% </em><em>grass field</em><em> </em><em>and</em><em> 80% </em><em>Jackfruit leaves</em><em>, V. 0% </em><em>grass field</em><em> </em><em>and</em><em> 100% </em><em>Jackfruit leaves</em><em>.</em><em> The parameters of this study was the concentration of tannin content of each treatment, dry matter and organic matter digestibility. Based on the results of research, there was highly significant effect (P &lt;0.01) in the treatment ration base of jackfruit leaves on tannin content. The higher tannin content when higher persentage the jackfruit leaves and the no effect significant on dry matter and organic matter digestibility.</em><em></em></p>
SISTEM CERDAS DIAGNOSA PENYAKIT DALAM MENGGUNAKAN JARINGAN SYARAF TIRUAN DENGAN METODE PERCEPTRON
Authors: Usman Usman , Abdullah Abdullah 
Published: February 2018

<p><em>Aplikasi Jaringan Syaraf Tiruan (JST) untuk diagnosa Penyakit Dalam dengan metode perceptron. </em><em>Aplikasi ini dibuat untuk mengetahui keakuratan diagnosa Penyakit Dalam menggunakan JST perceptron dan mengimplementasikan JST perceptron berdasarkan gejala-gejala Penyakit Dalam ke dalam matlab dengan tampilan Graphical User Interface (GUI). Penyakit Dalam yang dibahas sebanyak 9 Penyakit Dalam. Yaitu penyakit Asma bronchial, Anemia, Demam berdarah, Diabetes mellitus, Gagal Jantung, Tetanus, Hipertensi, Hepatitis, dan Tuberkolosis paru. Gejala penyakit dalam yang diambil berdasarkan data rekam medis penderita Penyakit Dalam dan data pasien yang berobat di Poli Penyakit Dalam RSUD Puri Husada Tembilahan. Dari hasil pelatihan (training) terhadap 48 data, kecocokan keluaran jaringan dan target yang di inginkan yaitu penyakit dalam 100% dapat dikenali/sesuai dengan target yang di inginkan. Dan hasil pengujian data baru sebanyak 10 kali pengujian menghasilkan keluaran sekitar 78,9 % yang sesuai dengan target dan 21,1% yang tidak sesuai dengan target. Hasil pengujian dan pelatihan di implementasikan ke dalam GUI sebagai aplikasi dan user interface.</em></p>
PENYERAPAN TEKNOLOGI INFORMASI PADA KEGIATAN IMPLEMENTASI KURIKULUM 2013 DALAM BENTUK APLIKASI PENGOLAHAN NILAI SISWA SEKOLAH MENENGAH PERTAMA
Authors: Iswandy Eka , Fajri Ahmad Fikri 
Published: February 2018

<p>Dalam penentuan nilai satu mata pelajaran yang menggunakan kurikulum 2013 di SMP Negeri 1 Padang terdapat beberapa faktor yang menjadi penilaian penilaian pertama yaitu penilaian pengetahuan yang terdiri dari nilai harian, nilai tugas, nilai ujian harian, nilai tengah semester, nilai semester. penilaian kedua yaitu penilaian sikap yanng terdiri dari kejujuran, kedisiplinan, tanggung jawab, kepedulian, toleransi gotong royong, kesantunan, percaya diri. penilaian ketiga yaitu penilaian ketrampilan yang terdiri darai praktik, projek, portopolio. demi efisiensi dan efektifitas kerja maka sistem informasi penilaian sangat diperlukan. Ini bertujuan untuk membangun sebuah sistem informasi yang mempunyai kemampuan analisa pemberian nilai siswa, dimana masing-masing penilaian dalam mencapai satu nilai harus melalui beberapa penilaian penilaian pengetahuan,penilaian sikap,penilaian ketrampilan, dalam hal ini guru dapat dengan mudah memberi nilai pada setiap siswa Sistem informasi ini membantu melakukan penilaian pada setiap aspek aspek, dan perubahan nilai bobot. Hal ini berguna untuk memudahkan pemberian nilai yang terkait dengan masalah pemberian nilai siswa, sehingga akan di dapatkan nilai yang tepat cepat untuk siswa.</p><p> </p><p><em>In determining the value of the subjects who used the curriculum in 2013 in SMP 1 Padang there are several factors which the assessment is the first assessment of knowledge assessment which consists of the daily value, the value of the task, the value of daily tests, midterm grades, grades semester. A second assessment, the assessment yanng consists of honesty, discipline, responsibility, caring, tolerance, mutual cooperation, politeness, confidence. The third assessment that is comprised riding skills assessment practices, projects, portfolios. for the sake of efficiency and effectiveness, the system of assessment information is needed.</em><em> </em><em>It aims to build an information system that has the ability to analyze the provision of student scores, which each assessment in reaching the value must be through some assessment of knowledge assessment, assessment of attitudes, skills assessment, in this case the teacher can easily assign a value to each student</em><em>. </em><em>This information system helps make an assessment on every aspect aspect, and change of weight values. It is useful to facilitate the provision of value associated with the problem of giving students grades, so it will be a quick get proper value for students.</em></p>
O Poeta Conta e Canta a Cidade Moderna
Authors: Rosa da Silva Edson 
Published: February 2018

Resumo: A metrópole moderna implica um outro modo de conceber a poesia, e dessa crise do lugar do poema e do conceito de beleza Baudelaire parece ser digno representante. A coletânea As Flores do mal aponta desde o título para um duplo direcionamento, mantendo uma tensão constante entre o alto e o baixo, o belo e o feio, o sagrado e o profano – o spleen e o ideal. Exercitando essa convivência poética dos contrários, o poeta-flâneur, imerso na multidão, dela extrai os mais fascinantes “quadros parisienses”. Como numa encenação cria personagens que são atores na cidade, e faz da poesia um modo de leitura da história. Palavras-chave: Baudelaire, poesia, cidade, modernidade, spleen/ideal, históriaRésumé: La métropole moderne implique un autre mode de concevoir la poésie, et de cette crise du rôle du poème et du concept même de beauté Baudelaire semble être l’un des plus dignes représentants. Le recueil des Fleurs du mal souligne, depuis son titre, une double direction qui maintient toujours la tension entre le haut et le bas, le beau et le laid, le sacré et le profane – le spleen et l’idéal. Jouant sur cette cohabitation poétique des contraires, le poète-flâneur, immergé dans la foule, est capable d’en extraire les « tableaux parisiens » les plus fascinants. Comme s’il s’agissait d’une mise en scène, il crée des personnages qui deviennent des acteurs dans la ville, en faisant par là de sa poésie un mode de lecture de l’histoire. Mots-clés: Baudelaire, poésie, ville, modernité, spleen/idéal, histoire
Looking Back … And Looking Forward
Authors: Ravenscroft Sue 
Published: February 2018

ABSTRACT
In this essay I reflect on my career in academic accounting and explore what has remained the same and what has changed over that time. I examine the people who enter academic accounting, the content of graduate studies, and the contents of the American Accounting Association's premier journal, all of which have changed. I consider how our research remains constrained by boundaries and some statistical approaches that we impose on it. I briefly discuss two significant changes facing students—the major impact of technology on their lives and the rapidly increasing cost of education. I note what I believe are some unsustainable features of our profession and end with a call to revisit our purpose—individually and as a profession.