bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Involvement of bone-specific alkaline phosphatase and procollagen I carboxy-terminal propeptide as predictors of early fracture risk in Chinese children with juvenile osteoporosis: An interventional clinical trial
Authors: Wang Yu , Zhao Jingxin , Kong Lingwei , Jin Yu 
Published: May 2018

This clinical trial was designed to understand whether the children with juvenile osteoporosis receiving tablet containing vitamin D and calcium had lower incidence of bone fracture compared to the children receiving a diet rich in calcium, vitamin D, and protein. We assessed whether plasma levels of bone-specific alkaline phosphatase (BSAP) and procollagen I carboxy-terminal propeptide levels (PIPC) could be used as predictors of early bone fracture in children. A total of 120 children of either gender with a juvenile osteoporosis were enrolled and randomized (1:1 ratio) to receive tablet containing vitamin D and calcium (n=60) or diet rich in calcium, vitamin D, and protein (n=60), and undergone follow-up for up to 3 years. Blood sample was collected and BSAP and PIPC levels were measured. The results suggested that therapeutic intervention (vitamin D and calcium) does not predict bone fracture in children. However, correlations analysis revealed that the decreased level of BSAP and PIPC were associated with higher incidence of fracture. The results suggest that the low levels of BSAP and PIPC cause increase susceptibility of fracture among children with juvenile osteoporosis.
Mechanism of the diuretic activity of Descurainia sophia seed
Authors: Zeng Mengnan , Zhang Li , Li Miao , Zhang Beibei , Feng Weisheng , Kuang Haixue , Zheng Xiaoke 
Published: May 2018

The diuretic activity of the decoction and the chemical fractions of Descurainia sophia was studied with underlying mechanisms in rats. Rat metabolic cage method was used to study the diuretic activity of the decoction and the chemical fractions of D. sophia. Western blot, ELISA, ion selective electrode method and cryoscopy method were used to study the underlying mechanism. The urinary output increased significantly in rats administrated decoction. Washing elution fractions had the potent diuretic activity. Washing elution fractions could decrease the urine osmolality, increased the concentration of K+, and decreased the concentration of Na+ and ALD, also decreased the expression of aquaporin 1 (AQP1) in kidney. Moreover, compared with washing elution fractions, decoction decreased the levels of AVP, V2R, and AQP2. It is concluded that decoction had significant diuretic activity and washing elution fractions had the potent diuretic activity. The mechanisms of diuretic activity were different between decoction and washing elution fractions.
Video Clip of Methodology:
10 min 51 sec: Click to watch
Convolutional Neural Networks for Phytoplankton identification and classification
Authors: Lloret Lara , Heredia Ignacio , Aguilar Fernando , Debusschere Elisabeth , Deneudt Klaas , Hernandez Francisco 
Published: May 2018

Phytoplankton form the basis of the marine food web and are an indicator for the overall status of the marine ecosystem. Changes in this community may impact a wide range of species (Capuzzo et al. 2018) ranging from zooplankton and fish to seabirds and marine mammals. Efficient monitoring of the phytoplankton community is therefore essential (Edwards et al. 2002). Traditional monitoring techniques are highly time intensive and involve taxonomists identifying and counting numerous specimens under the light microscope. With the recent development of automated sampling devices, image analysis technologies and learning algorithms, the rate of counting and identification of phytoplankton can be increased significantly (Thyssen et al. 2015). The FlowCAM (Álvarez et al. 2013) is an imaging particle analysis system for the identification and classification of phytoplankton. Within the Belgian Lifewatch observatory, monthly phytoplankton samples are taken at nine stations in the Belgian part of the North Sea. These samples are run through the FlowCAM and each particle is photographed. Next, the particles are identified based on their morphology (and fluorescence) using state-of-the-art Convolutional Neural Networks (CNNs) for computer vision. This procedure requires learning sets of expert validated images. The CNNs are specifically designed to take advantage of the two dimensional structure of these images by finding local patterns, being easier to train and having many fewer parameters than a fully connected network with the same number of hidden units.
In this work we present our approach to the use of CNNs for the identification and classification of phytoplankton, testing it on several benchmarks and comparing with previous classification techniques. The network architecture used is ResNet50 (He et al. 2016). The framework is fully written in Python using the TensorFlow (Abadi, M. et al. 2016) module for Deep Learning.
Deployment and exploitation of the current framework is supported by the recently started European Union Horizon 2020 programme funded project DEEP-Hybrid-Datacloud (Grant Agreement number 777435), which supports the expensive training of the system needed to develop the application and provides the necessary computational resources to the users.
The Wedge-of-the-edge Theorem: Edge-of-the-wedge Type Phenomenon Within the Common Real Boundary
Authors: Pascoe J. E. 
Published: May 2018

AbstractThe edge-of-the-wedge theorem in several complex variables gives the analytic continuation of functions defined on the poly upper half plane and the poly lower half plane, the set of points in
$\mathbb{C}^{n}$
with all coordinates in the upper and lower half planes respectively, through a set in real space,
$\mathbb{R}^{n}$
. The geometry of the set in the real space can force the function to analytically continue within the boundary itself, which is qualified in our wedge-of-the-edge theorem. For example, if a function extends to the union of two cubes in
$\mathbb{R}^{n}$
that are positively oriented with some small overlap, the functions must analytically continue to a neighborhood of that overlap of a fixed size not depending of the size of the overlap.
Riesgos y oportunidades para la libertad de expresión en la era post primavera árabe. Periodistas premiados por Index on Censorship
Authors: Sandoval-Martín Teresa , Nachawati-Rego Leila 
Published: May 2018

El presente estudio se centra en la labor de periodistas y medios en pro de la libertad de expresión y en contra de la censura en un escenario post primavera árabe. Metodología: Se examinan sus declaraciones en los premios Index on Censorship, y las posibilidades reales del ciberespacio para visibilizar tanto sus denuncias de gobiernos opresores, corruptos o con regímenes democráticos deficientes en este derecho, como con el fin de captar así la atención internacional. Resultados y conclusiones: En climas muy poco favorables para el ejercicio de la profesión, los periodistas se están convirtiendo en activistas. En el ciberespacio utilizan el recurso de la atención y amplifican el alcance del mensaje. Los documentales por televisión e internet juegan un gran papel en la difusión internacional. Se cuestiona el beneficio que pueda tener para los ciudadanos la calidad de la información en las redes sociales.
Reviewer Acknowledgements for International Business Research, Vol. 11, No. 6
Authors: Duran Kevin 
Published: May 2018

International Business Research wishes to acknowledge the following individuals for their assistance with peer review of manuscripts for this issue. Their help and contributions in maintaining the quality of the journal are greatly appreciated.International Business Research is recruiting reviewers for the journal. If you are interested in becoming a reviewer, we welcome you to join us. Please find the application form and details at http://recruitment.ccsenet.org and e-mail the completed application form to ibr@ccsenet.org.Reviewers for Volume 11, Number 6 Abderrazek Hassen Elkhaldi, University of Sousse, TunisiaAnca Gabriela Turtureanu, “DANUBIUS” University Galati, RomaniaAndrea Carosi, University of Sassari, ItalyAnna Paola Micheli, Univrtsity of Cassino and Southern Lazio, ItalyAshford C Chea, Benedict College, USACristian Marian Barbu, “ARTIFEX” University, RomaniaFawzieh Mohammed Masad, Jadara University, JordanFederica Caboni, University of Cagliari, ItalyFlorin Ionita, The Bucharest Academy of Economic Studies, RomaniaFrancesco Scalera, University of Bari "Aldo Moro", ItalyGuo Zi-Yi, Wells Fargo Bank, N.A., USAHanna Trojanowska, Warsaw University of Technology, PolandHuijian Dong, Pacific University, USAHung-Che Wu, Nanfang College of Sun Yat-sen University, ChinaImran Riaz Malik, IQRA University, PakistanKaren Gulliver, Argosy University, Twin Cities, USAL. Leo Franklin, Bharathidasn University, IndiaLuisa Pinto, University of Porto School of Economics, PortugalM. Muzamil Naqshbandi, University of Dubai, UAEManuela Rozalia Gabor, “Petru Maior” University of Tîrgu Mureş, RomaniaMarcos Ferasso, Meridional Faculty - IMED, BrazilMichele Rubino, Università LUM Jean Monnet, ItalyMiriam Jankalová, University of Zilina, SlovakiaMithat Turhan, Mersin University, TurkeyMohamed Rochdi Keffala, University of Kairouan, TunisiaMohsen Malekalketab Khiabani, University Technology Malaysia, MalaysiaMuath Eleswed, American University of Kuwait, USAOnur Köprülü, Mersin University, TurkeyOzgur Demirtas, Turkish Air Force Academy, TurkeyPascal Stiefenhofer, University of Brighton, UKRafiuddin Ahmed, James Cook University, AustraliaRiccardo Cimini, University of Tuscia, Viterbo, ItalyRoberto Campos da Rocha Miranda, University Center Iesb, BrazilSerhii Kozlovskiy, Donetsk National University, UkraineShun Mun Helen Wong, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong KongVassili JOANNIDES de LAUTOUR, Grenoble École de Management (France) and Queensland University of Technology School of Accountancy (Australia), FranceYan Lu, University of Central Florida, USA
Reviewer Acknowledgements for Journal of Mathematics Research, Vol. 10, No. 3
Authors: Wang Sophia 
Published: May 2018

Journal of Mathematics Research wishes to acknowledge the following individuals for their assistance with peer review of manuscripts for this issue. Their help and contributions in maintaining the quality of the journal is greatly appreciated.Many authors, regardless of whether Journal of Mathematics Research publishes their work, appreciate the helpful feedback provided by the reviewers.Reviewers for Volume 10, Number 3 Abdessadek Saib, University of Tebessa, AlgeriaAhmed Saad Rashed, Zagazig University, EgyptChungChuan Chen, National Taichung University of Education, TaiwanGane Sam Lo, Universite Gaston Berger de SaintLouis, SenegalJingbo Xia, Huazhong agricultural Univ, ChinaKhalil Ezzinbi, Cadi Ayyad University, MoroccoRami Ahmad ElNabulsi, Athens Institute for Education and Research, GreeceSergiy Koshkin, University of Houston Downtown, USAVishnu Narayan Mishra, Indira Gandhi National Tribal University, IndiaYaqin Feng, Ohio University, USAZhongming Wang, Florida International University, USA Sophia WangOn behalf of,The Editorial Board of Journal of Mathematics ResearchCanadian Center of Science and Education
Optimization of Time Slots for the Air-Traffic Management
Authors: Youssouf Ahamada , G. Diagne Salimata , Kone Bakary , Koulibaly Amadou , Gningue Youssou 
Published: May 2018

The allocation of airport time slots depends on the configuration of the airport, particularly on that of the runways. Thus, in order to allocate the slots optimally in an airport platform, we proposed two optimization models in this article.The first model maximizes the airlines companies demands in the periods by taking into account the characteristics of the airport. This model assigns the flights' demands. It allows determining the number of demands which we can satisfy in a given period of amplitude of one hour. It also helps to incorporate dynamically the unmet demand of j period to the j+1 period.The second model aims to schedule the confirmed requests by the first assigning model. We are interested in the optimal repartition of the confirmed requests, while minimizing the flights delays. These models are used to optimize the air-traffic management of the Diass airport. Therefore, we have developed and implemented two algorithms for the resolution of these two models. The ressults of experimentations in Cplex show that our algorithms are efficient comparing to those obtained by the reference works existing in this field. The data used are those of the International Blaise Diagne Airport (AIBD).
De anomie van machtsillusies
Authors: van Stokkom Bas 
Published: May 2018

The anomie of power illusions Infinite ambitions in the ‘risk and win’-corporate world
Generally, large listed companies and banks immersed in a ‘risk and win’-culture do not have to deal with ‘deprivation of resources’ which may trigger violations of the law. The anomie-theory of Merton does not seem to fit in this context. It is more obvious that the pressure to realize lofty ambitions is the trigger for potential violations of the law. I therefore work out a ‘post-Mertonian’ anomie-concept using the ‘European Durkheim’ to examine some excessive tendencies of an originally American ‘risk and win’-culture. The aim is to work towards an anomie-theory of power illusions that makes sense in the context of corporate crime. The leading question is: which anomic attitudes prevail in an over-ambitious corporate culture and which aspirations and rationalizations can be distinguished? It is argued that an approach focused on CEO-personality traits is too limited and that the sociological approaches of Durkheim and Shover offer many points of departure to construct a plausible anomie-theory. The dimensions of that theory have been taken from studies which focus at two criminogenic norm-systems: an ‘ethos of winning at any price’ and an ‘ethos of entitlement’.
State-corporate crime en niet-democratische regimes: betrokkenheid van bedrijven in internationale misdrijven
Authors: van Baar Annika 
Published: May 2018

State-corporate crime and non-democratic regimes: an analysis of corporate involvement in international crimes
Most state-corporate crime research is focused on crime or harmful outcomes in or by democratic states. The goal of this article is to investigate the applicability of this concept to relations between economic actors and non-democratic state actors. The concept of state-corporate crime is applied to three contexts in which corporations have become involved in international crimes such as genocide, war crimes and crimes against humanity. Each representing a turning point in the academic and public perception of ‘business and human rights’, the contexts that are analysed are Nazi Germany (1993-1945), Apartheid South Africa (1948-1994) and the Democratic Republic of the Congo (DRC; 1996-now). It is concluded that in non-democratic states with totalitarian of authoritarian regimes (such as Nazi Germany and Apartheid South Africa), the concept of state-corporate crime is applicable and explanatory. In such strong states, economic and state actors make use of mutual benefits while, on the whole, state-interests prevail. As a result, the harmful outcome of the dynamics between corporations and states can best be described as corporate facilitated state crime. In weak states (such as the DRC) economic actors are generally more powerful while their involvement in international crimes also runs via non-state actors. The blurred lines between economic actors and state actors (and their interests) makes it difficult to apply the concept, in its different forms, to state-corporate cooperation in weak states and ‘new’ wars.
Emotions and Explanation in Cultural Criminology
Authors: Trajtenberg Nicolás 
Published: May 2018

Emotions and Explanation in Cultural Criminology
Cultural Criminology (CC) is one of the most recent and exciting developments in criminological theory. Its main argument is that mainstream criminological theories provide inadequate explanations of crime due to epistemological and theoretical flaws. CC’s alternative involves assuming a phenomenological and interpretative approach that focuses on the cultural and emotional components of crime. In this article I shall argue that although CC makes a valid demand for more realistic and complex explanations of crime, its own alternative needs to deal with two main challenges referred to its conceptualization of explanation and emotion. First, two problematic antagonisms should be avoided: understanding vs. causal explanation; and universal nomothetic explanations as opposed to ideographic descriptions. Considering recent developments in philosophy of social science, particularly the ‘social mechanisms approach’, CC should focus on explaining retrospectively through identification of specific causal mechanisms rejecting universal and predictive pretensions. Second, although cultural criminologists rightly question the emotionless character of criminological explanations, they lack an articulated alternative conceptualization of emotions to explain crime. A more refined concept needs to be elaborated in dialogue with recent advances in social sciences.
Clinicopathologic characteristics, laboratory parameters, treatment protocols, and outcomes of pancreatic cancer: a retrospective cohort study of 1433 patients in China
Authors: Zhang Shuisheng , Huang Xiaozhun , Tian Yuan , Aimaiti Saderbieke , Zhang Jianwei , Zhao Jiuda , Chen Yingtai , Wang Chengfeng 
Published: May 2018

Objectives
The prognosis of people with pancreatic cancer is extremely unfavorable. However, the prognostic factors remain largely undefined. We aimed to perform comprehensive analyses of clinicopathologic characteristics, laboratory parameters, and treatment protocols for exploring their role as prognostic factors of pancreatic cancer.

Methods
Patients diagnosed with pancreatic cancer and hospitalized at the China National Cancer Center between April 2006 and May 2016 were enrolled in this retrospective cohort study. Clinicopathologic characteristics, laboratory parameters, and treatment protocols were compared among patients at different stages of the disease. The association between these factors and overall survival (OS) was analyzed using the Kaplan–Meier method and Cox proportional hazards model.

Results
The present study included 1,433 consecutive patients with pancreatic cancer. Median OS was 10.6 months (95% confidence interval [CI] 9.8–11.3 months), with 1-, 3-, and 5-year survival rates of 43.7%, 14.8%, and 8.8%, respectively. Cox multivariate analysis findings identified the following factors as independent predictors of OS: gender (female vs male, hazard ratio 0.72, 95% CI [0.54–0.95]); elevated total bilirubin (TBil; 1.82, 1.34–2.47); elevated carbohydrate antigen 19-9 (CA19-9; 1.72, 1.17–2.54); tumor being located in pancreatic body and tail (1.52, 1.10–2.10); advanced T stage (T3-4 vs T1-2, 1.62, 1.15–2.27); lymph node metastasis (1.57, 1.20–2.07); distant metastasis (1.59, 1.12–2.27); the presence of surgical resection (0.53, 0.34–0.81); and the presence of systemic chemotherapy (0.62, 0.45–0.82).

Conclusions
Being male, elevated TBil and carcinoembryonic antigen, tumor being located in pancreatic body and tail, advanced T stage, lymph node and distant metastasis, the absence of surgical resection, and the absence of systematic chemotherapy were associated with worse OS in patients with pancreatic cancer.
Change of niche in guanaco (Lama guanicoe): the effects of climate change on habitat suitability and lineage conservatism in Chile
Authors: Castillo Andrea G. , Alò Dominique , González Benito A. , Samaniego Horacio 
Published: May 2018

Background
The main goal of this contribution was to define the ecological niche of the guanaco (Lama guanicoe), to describe potential distributional changes, and to assess the relative importance of niche conservatism and divergence processes between the two lineages described for the species (L.g. cacsilensis and L.g. guanicoe).

Methods
We used maximum entropy to model lineage’s climate niche from 3,321 locations throughout continental Chile, and developed future niche models under climate change for two extreme greenhouse gas emission scenarios (RCP2.6 and RCP8.5). We evaluated changes of the environmental niche and future distribution of the largest mammal in the Southern Cone of South America. Evaluation of niche conservatism and divergence were based on identity and background similarity tests.

Results
We show that: (a) the current geographic distribution of lineages is associated with different climatic requirements that are related to the geographic areas where these lineages are located; (b) future distribution models predict a decrease in the distribution surface under both scenarios; (c) a 3% decrease of areal protection is expected if the current distribution of protected areas is maintained, and this is expected to occur at the expense of a large reduction of high quality habitats under the best scenario; (d) current and future distribution ranges of guanaco mostly adhere to phylogenetic niche divergence hypotheses between lineages.

Discussion
Associating environmental variables with species ecological niche seems to be an important aspect of unveiling the particularities of, both evolutionary patterns and ecological features that species face in a changing environment. We report specific descriptions of how these patterns may play out under the most extreme climate change predictions and provide a grim outlook of the future potential distribution of guanaco in Chile. From an ecological perspective, while a slightly smaller distribution area is expected, this may come with an important reduction of available quality habitats. From the evolutionary perspective, we describe the limitations of this taxon as it experiences forces imposed by climate change dynamics.
Bioinspired Ionic Diodes: From Unipolar to Bipolar
Authors: Huang Xiaodong , Kong Xiang‐Yu , Wen Liping , Jiang Lei 
Published: May 2018

AbstractBioinspired ionic diodes, as the building blocks for bioinspired ion channels, are extensively explored to mimic the ion transport functions of biological ion channels. Bioinspired nanochannels and nanopores are much more stable and robust than their biological counterparts and can be practically applied in many fields. This review summarizes the recent development of ionic diodes in both experimental and theoretical studies. First, the two types of ionic diodes, unipolar and bipolar, are introduced to give an overview of the nanofluidic field. Then, each type of ionic diode is described in detail and focuses on bipolar ionic diodes for their excellent control of ion transport. Furthermore, the applications of ionic diodes in sensing and energy conversion fields are summarized. In the last section, a perspective on the future development of ionic diodes is provided.