bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Improvement of Fuzzy Mortality Models by Means of Algebraic Methods
Authors: Szymański Andrzej , Rossa Agnieszka 
Published: February 2018

Abstract
The forecasting of mortality is of fundamental importance in many areas, such as the funding of public and private pensions, the care of the elderly, and the provision of health service. The first studies on mortality models date back to the 19th century, but it was only in the last 30 years that the methodology started to develop at a fast rate. Mortality models presented in the literature form two categories (see, e.g. Tabeau et al., 2001, Booth, 2006) consisting of the so-called static or stationary models and dynamic models, respectively. Models contained in the first, bigger group contains models use a real or fuzzy variable function with some estimated parameters to represent death probabilities or specific mortality rates. The dynamic models in the second group express death probabilities or mortality rates by means of the solutions of stochastic differential equations, etc.
The well-known Lee-Carter model (1992), which is widely used today, is considered to belong to the first group, similarly as its fuzzy version published by Koissi and Shapiro (2006). In the paper we propose a new class of fuzzy mortality models based on a fuzzy version of the Lee-Carter model. Theoretical backgrounds are based on the algebraic approach to fuzzy numbers (Ishikawa, 1997a, Kosiński, Prokopowicz and Ślęzak, 2003, Rossa, Socha and Szymański, 2015, Szymański and Rossa, 2014). The essential idea in our approach focuses on representing a membership function of a fuzzy number as an element of C*-Banach algebra. If the membership function μ(z) of a fuzzy number is strictly monotonic on two disjoint intervals, then it can be decomposed into strictly decreasing and strictly increasing functions Φ(z), Ψ(z), and the inverse functions fu)=Φ−1(u) and g(u)=Ψ−1(u), u ∈ [0, 1] can be found.
Ishikawa (1997a) proposed foundations of the fuzzy measurement theory, which is a general measurement theory for classical and quantum systems. We have applied this approach, termed C*-measurement, as the theoretical foundation of the mortality model. Ishikawa (1997b) introduced also the notions of objective and subjective C*-measurement called real and imaginary C*-measurements. In our proposal of the mortality model the function f is treated as an objective C*-measurement and the function g as an subjective C*-measurement, and the membership function μ(z) is represented by means of a complex-valued function f(u)+ig(u), where i is the imaginary unit. We use the Hilbert space of quaternion algebra as an introduction to the mortality models.
Undescended testis: timing of referral and surgical intervention, Urology Center, Benghazi, Libya
Authors: Tarhoni O , Etabbal A , Trkawi A 
Published: February 2018

Abstract
Background: Undescended testis (UDT) is the failure of testes to descend into the scrotum. It is classified according to the site of arrest into; Intra-abdominal, deep inguinal ring, canalicular, or emergent from the superficial inguinal ring. The diagnosis of UDT is mainly clinical and its treatment is usually surgical. The aim of our study is to analyze age distribution at the time of diagnosis and treatment to determine if the international guideline recommendations are followed in our institution or not.
PATIENTS & METHODS: A retrospective study was carried at Urological Center by reviewing the files of 75 consecutive patients admitted to the hospital in the period from July 2011 to April 2014. A data flow sheet was used to record and analyze the patients' personal data, age at diagnosis, physical findings, type of surgical procedure, and the age of the patients at the time of surgery, as well as surgical findings.
Results: Total number of patients enrolled in the study was 75 patients. Fifty-two cases were diagnosed at birth, 14 cases discovered incidentally, and 9 cases were presented with reducible inguinal swelling with or without pain. The 75 patients had 93 UDTs, 49 UDTs on right side and 44 UDTs on left side. Sixty-nine UDTs were clinically palpable while the other 24 UDTs were not palpable (74.2% and 25.8% respectively). The mean age at the time of diagnosis was 3.7 ± 8.3 years. However, the mean age at the time of surgery was 10.8 ± 10 years. The surgical procedures performed were: orchiopexy (n=58, 62.3 %,), orchiopexy combined with ipsilateral hernial repair (n=16, 17.2%) and orchiectomy (n=19, 20.4%).
Conclusion: In our institution, the mean age at orchiopexy was significantly delayed beyond the recommended time of surgery because of delayed diagnosis or referral.
Assessing the significance of evapotranspiration in green roof modeling by SWMM
Authors: Limos Aviva Gabriel , Mallari Kristine Joy Bernardo , Baek Jongrak , Kim Hwansuk , Hong Seungwan , Yoon Jaeyoung 
Published: February 2018

Abstract
Green roof is a low impact development (LID) practice used to mitigate imperviousness in urban areas and to reduce flood risks. In order to have sufficient designs and accurate runoff predictions, computer models should be utilized with full understanding of green roofs' hydrologic processes. Evapotranspiration is usually considered important by researchers in the water balance modeling of a green roof. The Storm Water Management Model (SWMM) version 5.1 is widely utilized rainfall-runoff modeling software which has LID controls capable of modeling green roofs. A previous study has evaluated the performance of this model in green roof simulations for single events without considering evapotranspiration in its application, but attained negative outcomes. Thus, the objective of this study is to determine the significance of considering evapotranspiration in producing accurate runoff simulations specifically using SWMM 5.1. The results of this study have shown that when evapotranspiration was not considered, simulations failed to agree with observed values, whereas when evapotranspiration was considered, simulated runoff volumes attained a very good fit with the observed runoff volumes proving the significance of evapotranspiration as an important parameter in green roof modeling.
Temporal variation in groundwater hydrochemistry driven by natural and anthropogenic processes at a reclaimed water irrigation region
Authors: Wang Yajun , Song Xianfang , Li Binghua , Ma Ying , Zhang Yinghua , Yang Lihu , Bu Hongmei , Holm Peter E. 
Published: February 2018

Abstract
Long-standing wastewater and reclaimed water irrigation systems degrade groundwater quality and thus pose great risks to local soils and even to human health. In this study, seasonal variations in hydrochemical characteristics of groundwater were assessed to determine possible processes that induce groundwater degradation. Beijing was used as the focus area. A total of 82 wells at the southeast irrigation region of Beijing were investigated in 2014. Descriptive statistics, correlation analysis, Piper diagram, and saturation indices were used to distinguish seasonal variations in hydrochemistry in shallow and deep groundwater and possible reclaimed water irrigation effects. The main natural controlling processes include mineral precipitation and dissolution, cation exchange reactions, and dilution effects in shallow and deep groundwater. However, cation exchange reactions are considered to be intense in deeper aquifer. Additionally, shallow groundwater sites subjected to salinization and nitrate contamination were associated with intensive agricultural input and reclaimed water leaching. Sites continuously contaminated by nitrate were mainly distributed on highly permeable sediments. Irrigation with deep groundwater may reduce soil drainage conditions due to a high percentage of sodium. Overall, seasonal replenishment for subterranean quaternary aquifers from rainfall or irrigation plays a vital role in seasonal variation in shallow groundwater hydrochemistry.
Modeling of extreme risk in river water quality under climate change
Authors: Rehana S. , Dhanya C. T. 
Published: February 2018

Abstract
A river water quality management model under average climatic conditions may not be able to account for the extreme risk of low water quality which is more prominent under an increase in river water temperature and altered river flows. A modeling framework is developed to assess the risk of river low water quality extremes by integrating a statistical downscaling model based on Canonical Correlation Analysis, risk quantification model based on Frank Archimedean Copula function and multiple logistic regression model integrated with a river water quality simulation model, QUAL2 K. The results reveal that the combination of predicted decrease in low flows of approximately 57% and increase in maximum river water temperatures of approximately 1.2°C has shown an increase of about 46% in risk of low water quality conditions for the future scenarios along Tunga-Bhadra River, India. The extreme risk of low water quality is observed to increase by 50.6% for the period 2020–2040 when compared with the current extreme conditions of 4.5% and average risk conditions of about 3% for the period 1988–2005. The study captured the occurrence of extremes of low water quality with evidence of a strong link between climate and water quality impairment events.
A mathematical hypothesis to research the effects of heat and humidity from the TGR on the local climate
Authors: Luo Qing , Zhang Hongjie , Lin Lin , Chen Min , Sun Yahong 
Published: February 2018

Abstract
Previous research studies focused only on data of local air temperature and humidity, ignoring the water body itself, which cannot definitively answer the question of how the Three Gorges Reservoir's (TGR) water affects the local climate overall. To understand the effect of the TGR on the local climate quantitatively, this paper provides an original mathematical hypothesis and proves in theory there is only one way to calculate the transfer of heat and humidity between the TGR and the local air. Based on this mathematical hypothesis, a detailed research method to explore the effects of the TGR's heat and humidity on local climate was formed. A field investigation was conducted and a research site was selected in Chongqing. This study has determined the effects of the TGR's heating or cooling on the air during the measuring period. A mathematical model to assess the effects of heat and humidity from the TGR on local climate was set up. The final results based on the mathematical model show that the average air temperature decreased 0.67 K and the average moisture content increased 0.25 g/kg during the 24 hours measuring time for the area studied.
Prevention and Treatment for Chemotherapy-Induced Peripheral Neuropathy: Therapies Based on CIPN Mechanisms
Authors: Hu Lang-Yue , Mi Wen-Li , Wu Gen-Cheng , Wang Yan-Qing , Mao-Ying Qi-Liang 
Published: February 2018

Background:
Chemotherapy-induced peripheral neuropathy (CIPN) is a progressive,
enduring, and often irreversible adverse effect of many antineoplastic agents, among which sensory
abnormities are common and the most suffering issues. The pathogenesis of CIPN has not been
completely understood, and strategies for CIPN prevention and treatment are still open problems for
medicine.

Objectives:
The objective of this paper is to review the mechanism-based therapies against sensory
abnormities in CIPN.

Methods:
This is a literature review to describe the uncovered mechanisms underlying CIPN and to
provide a summary of mechanism-based therapies for CIPN based on the evidence from both animal
and clinical studies.

Results:
An abundance of compounds has been developed to prevent or treat CIPN by blocking ion
channels, targeting inflammatory cytokines and combating oxidative stress. Agents such as glutathione,
mangafodipir and duloxetine are expected to be effective for CIPN intervention, while
Ca/Mg infusion and venlafaxine, tricyclic antidepressants, and gabapentin display limited efficacy
for preventing and alleviating CIPN. And the utilization of erythropoietin, menthol and amifostine
needs to be cautious regarding to their side effects.

Conclusions:
Multiple drugs have been used and studied for decades, their effect against CIPN are
still controversial according to different antineoplastic agents due to the diverse manifestations
among different antineoplastic agents and complex drug-drug interactions. In addition, novel therapies
or drugs that have proven to be effective in animals require further investigation, and it will
take time to confirm their efficacy and safety.
DESIGN OF LEARNING MATERIALS ON LIMIT FUNCTION BASED MATHEMATICAL UNDERSTANDING
Authors: Noto Muchamad Subali , Pramuditya Surya Amami , Fiqri Yudrick Maulana 
Published: February 2018

In learning process, students are currently cannot be separated from learning difficulties, including the study material algebra limit function. It because the level of students' mathematical understanding regarding the material is still quite low. This study aimed to analyze the barriers to student learning, designing learning materials based on the material mathematics understanding algebra limit function is valid, determine teacher intervention during the implementation of learning materials and to analyze barriers to student learning after the implementation of learning materials. This research is a qualitative research study design using the form Didactical Design Research. Stages of research conducted: 1) analysis of the situation didactic before learning, 2) analysis of metapedadidatik and 3) the retrospective analysis. Data collection techniques used were tests, interviews, questionnaires, and documentation. The instrument used was a matter TKPM (Comprehension Mathematical Ability Test), interview, validation sheet materials, and documentation guidelines. Research results obtained are students experiencing obstacle to learning the material limit algebra functions. These obstacles are 1) students' difficulties in relating the material prerequisites to limit problems. 2) students can not write properly limit symbol, 3) students can not apply a limit theorem, 4) students are not able to determine the limit value at one point, and 5) students cannot determine the value of the limit at infinity. Learning materials that have been made have validation level of with very valid criteria. The response was given when the student intervention, generally in accordance with response prediction so that interventions carried out in accordance with the design that has been made. After learning materials student learning obstacles implemented reduced/minimized.
Uso de recursos digitais 3D no ensino de química: as potencialidades do Geogebra®
Authors: Pessoa Willian Daniel 
Published: February 2018

O presente artigo busca apresentar as potencialidades do aplicativo Geogebra® no ensino de Química. A intenção com o estudo é de fomentar o uso de recursos digitais na formação de professores de Química, bem como, auxiliar na construção do conhecimento químico, por meio da visualização, percepção e principalmente na construção geométrica molecular de algumas ligações químicas. As transformações químicas podem ser compreendidas no nível macroscópico (observação do fenômeno), mas há uma dificuldade em transferir os aspectos observáveis no nível macroscópico para o nível microscópico, dificultando a construção de modelos explicativos que se aproximem dos modelos científicos. Dessa forma, entende-se a relevância do o aplicativo Geogebra® na construção do conhecimento em nível microscópico. A análise das potencialidades do aplicativo será orientada pelos fundamentos do design, visando apontar os aspectos relevantes e as potencialidades do recurso digital como ferramenta pedagógica na sala de aula.
A Relação Entre a Formação Docente e o Tecnostress
Authors: Pereira Fabrine Diniz , Santos da Silva Luana Maria , Novello Tanise Paula 
Published: February 2018

Estudos evidenciam que um percentual significativo da população sofre de estresse laboral, e um dos motivos é a adaptação ao uso das tecnologias digitais. Embora as tecnologias, estejam potencializando inúmeras transformações na forma de viver em sociedade, elas podem produzir problemas físicos e sociais na saúde dos professores. Tal situação pode levá-los a sofrer de mal-estar causado pelo uso das tecnologias digitais, denominado tecnostress. Este artigo tem como objetivo compreender a relação entre a formação docente e o tecnostress no que se refere a utilização de tecnologias digitais em escolas públicas. Para tanto, desenvolveu-se uma pesquisa quantitativa/qualitativa através de um questionário composto por sete questões fechadas e uma aberta, realizada com 49 professores de matemática da região sul do Rio Grande do Sul. Priorizamos para este artigo a questão aberta que foi analisada pelo viés qualitativo, e utilizou-se para tal a Análise Textual Discursiva (ATD). Emergiram três categorias: Interesse dos Alunos e Potencialidades das Tecnologias da Informação e Comunicação - TIC; Formação docente; e Infraestrutura. Neste estudo será analisada a categoria Formação do Professor, considerando-se o crescente acesso a tecnologias digitais, a demanda social presente nos espaços escolares e a importância da formação inicial e continuada que atendam à realidade. Observou-se que as tecnologias são importantes potencializadoras nos processos educacionais, porém a falta formação que aborde o uso das tecnologias de forma pedagógica, causa sentimentos de mal-estar nos docentes - o tecnostress. Para minimizar esses efeitos é necessário investir em formações condizentes com a realidade tecnológica vivida pelos alunos.
Saksan muotoiluhistoriayhdistyksen Designkritik-konferenssi HfG Offenbachissa 19.–20.5.2017
Authors: Kähkönen Satu 
Published: February 2018

Matkaraportti Saksan muotoiluhistoriayhdistyksen Designkritik-konferenssista HfG Offenbachissa.
Informasi Perdagangan Akar Kuning di Pasar Tradisional Martapura dan Pasar Tradisional Rantau, Kalimantan Selatan
Authors: Rinaldi Syamsu Eka , Suryanto Suryanto , Widuri Septina Asih 
Published: February 2018

Akar kuning merupakan salah satu tumbuhan obat asli Kalimantan yang terdiri dari sedikitnya tiga spesies yaitu Fibraurea tinctoria Lour., Arcangelisia flava Merr. dan Coscinium fenestratum (Gaertn.) Colebr. Bagian batang dan akar dari tumbuhan ini dimanfaatkan secara tradisional oleh etnis asli Kalimantan seperti Dayak dan Banjar serta Kutai untuk mengobati beberapa penyakit seperti malaria, hepatitis/liver dan kencing manis. Khasiat tersebut didukung oleh berbagai penelitian yang menyebutkan akar kuning mengandung senyawa kimia yang berperan sebagai hepatoprotektor, antibakteri, anti malaria dan anti kanker. Jenis Coscinium fenestratum memiliki nilai komersial tinggi di India dan Srilangka sebagai bahan baku industri obat modern. Perdagangannya di negara tersebut telah diatur sangat ketat karena berimbas pada kelangkaan jenis tersebut akibat eksploitasi besar-besaran. Meskipun akar kuning memiliki potensi besar sebagai bahan baku industri obat modern, namun saat ini informasi perdagangan akar kuning di Indonesia masih sangat terbatas. Kajian ini dilakukan untuk mengumpulkan informasi perdagangan akar kuning di sejumlah pasar tradisional di Kalimantan Selatan. Informasi dasar ini diharapkan dapat menjadi pertimbangan dalam menentukan strategi pengembangan dan pemanfaatan akar kuning sebagai komoditas Hasil Hutan Bukan Kayu (HHBK). Berdasarkan pengumpulan data di lapangan, kebutuhan akar kuning untuk industri jamu tradisional di Kalimantan Selatan masih relatif sedikit. Ketersediaan akar kuning masih memadai dan belum terjadi eksploitasi besar-besaran di alam untuk pasokan akar kuning di wilayah Kalimantan Selatan.

Kata kunci: akar kuning, perdagangan, Kalimantan Selatan
Diksi Dan Gaya Bahasa pada Naskah Pidato Presiden Soekarno
Authors: Hardianto Musa , Widayati Wahyu , Sucipto Sucipto 
Published: February 2018

Dalam penelitian ini, peneliti menganalisis diksi dan gaya bahasa pada pidato Presiden Soekarno. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mendeskripsikan penggunaan diksi dan gaya bahasa pada pidato Presiden Soekarno. Penelitian ini bersifat deskriptif kualitatif. Metode yang digunakan adalah analisis isi. Sumber data berupa dokumen berupa pidato Presiden Soekarno. , yaitu: (1) reduksi data; (2) penyajian data; (3) menarik kesimpulan. Hasil yang didapat adalah jenis diksi dan gaya bahasa yang terjadi dalam pidato Presiden Soekarno. Pilihan kata-kata dan gaya bahasa dalam iklan kampanye digunakan untuk menarik pendengar / simpati masyarakat untuk mewujudkan gagasan kebangsaan. Dalam penelitian ini, diksi yang paling banyak digunakan adalah kata abstrak dan kata konkret. Ini karena dalam pidato Presiden Soekarno banyak yang mengungkapkan program, visi, misi berupa gagasan atau gagasan yang menjadi indikator kata abstrak Sedangkan penggunaan kata-kata konkret terjadi karena dalam teks pidato juga menyampaikan fakta-fakta di bentuk benda yang diamati. Gaya bahasa yang terkandung dalam naskah pidato berdasarkan pilihan kata meliputi gaya bahasa formal, gaya bahasa tidak resmi, dan gaya percakapan bahasa. Gaya bahasa berbasis nada mencakup gaya sederhana, gaya mulia dan kuat.Kata kunci: Kamus, Gaya Bahasa, naskah pidato
A Unifying Principle for a Researcher Learning Safety: Reduce Uncertainty!
Authors: Kao Camilla , Furr Russell 
Published: February 2018

Conveying safety information to researchers is challenging. A list of rules and best practices often is not remembered thoroughly even by individuals who want to remember everything. Researchers in science thinking according to principles: mathematical, physical, and chemical laws; biological paradigms. They use frameworks and logic, rather than memorization, to achieve the bulk of their work. Can safety be taught to researchers in a manner that matches with how they are trained to think? Is there a principle more defined than "Think safety!" that can help researchers make good decisions in situations that are complex, new, and demanding?Effective trainings in other professions can arise from the use of a mission statement that participants internalize as a mental framework or model for future decision-making. We propose that mission statements incorporating the concept of reducing uncertainty could provide such a framework for learning safety. This essay briefly explains the definition of uncertainty in the context of health and safety, discusses the need for an individual to personalize a mission statement in order to internalize it, and connects the idea of greater control over a situation with less uncertainty with respect to safety. The principle of reducing uncertainty might also help non-researchers think about safety. People from all walks of life should be able to understand that more control over their situations provides more protection for them, their colleagues, and the environment.
Bases filosóficas de la antropología en Julián Marías
Authors: Panedas Galindo Jesús Ignacio 
Published: February 2018

ResumenJulián Marías es un autor español sumamente desconocido. Fue uno de los discípulos señeros de José Ortega y Gasset. Su libertad de pensamiento y su capacidad crítica, aderezadas de conocimientos enciclopédicos, lo ocultaron siempre de los reflectores populares y de las veleidades políticas. Por este motivo, para vergüenza nacional, nunca ocupó cátedra alguna de magisterio público.En este artículo se intentan bosquejar las líneas maestras de su pensamiento propio. Sobre bases orteguianas, Marías fue capaz de generar su propia filosofía. La base de ella es la noción de persona y su descripción como centro de la realidad. AbstractJulián Marías is an extremely unknown Spanish author. He was one of the main disciples of José Ortega y Gasset. His liberty of thought and his critical capability, adorned with encyclopedic knowledge, hid him from popular spotlights and political whims. For this reason, as national shame, he never took any charge regarding public teaching.This article attempts to sketch the main lines of his thoughts. On orteguian fundaments, Marías was capable of creating his own philosophy. The base of it is the notion of person and its description as the center of reality.