bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Transcranial photobiomodulation prevents anxiety and depression via changing serotonin and nitric oxide levels in brain of depression model mice: A study of three different doses of 810 nm laser
Authors: Eshaghi Emad , Sadigh‐Eteghad Saeed , Mohaddes Gisou , Rasta Seyed Hossein 
Published: March 2019

ObjectivesThe effectiveness of transcranial photobiomodulation (TPBM) in treating anxiety and depression disorders is a demonstrated and identified issue. However, the optimum therapeutic dose and the underlying mechanism of action are not fully understood. In this study, the therapeutic effects of three different near‐infrared (NIR) doses on anxiety‐ and depression‐like behaviors as well as cerebral levels of serotonin (5‐HT) and nitric oxide (NO) were evaluated in a mouse model of chronic restraint stress (CRS).Materials and MethodsCRS procedure (3 hours/day, over 3 weeks) was performed as a typical stress model to study anxiety and depression along with laser treatment (3 times/week, over 3 weeks), which began simultaneously with CRS. A NIR diode laser (810 nm wavelength, 10 Hz) with the output power of 200 mW and power density of 4.75 W/cm2 was implemented to deliver three different doses of 4, 8, and 16 J/cm2 to the cerebral cortex of mice. Behavioral experiments including open field, tail suspension, and elevated plus maze tests as well as serum cortisol levels were assessed to evaluate the anti‐anxiety and anti‐depressive effects of NIR TPBM. The changes of 5‐HT and NO levels in the prefrontal cortex (PFC) and hippocampus (Hipp) were assessed.ResultsCRS procedure induced anxiety‐ and depression‐like behaviors, increased serum cortisol levels, decreased 5‐HT and increased NO levels in the PFC and Hipp areas. NIR TPBM improved behavioral results, decreased serum cortisol levels, increased 5‐HT and decreased NO concentrations in the PFC and Hipp. A dose of 8 J/cm2 of NIR TPBM showed the maximum effects on behavioral and molecular results, while a decline was observed from the optimum effects at both lower (4 J/cm2) and higher (16 J/cm2) doses.ConclusionOur results demonstrated that NIR TPBM had an anti‐anxiety and anti‐depressive effect in CRS mice, which is probably linked to increasing 5‐HT and decreasing NO levels in the PFC and Hipp areas. Also, the maximum anti‐anxiety and anti‐depressive effect was produced at dose of 8 J/cm2. Lasers Surg. Med. © 2019 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Three novel MTM1 pathogenic variants identified in Japanese patients with X‐linked myotubular myopathy
Authors: Nishikawa Atsuko , Iida Aritoshi , Hayashi Shinichiro , Okubo Mariko , Oya Yasushi , Yamanaka Gaku , Takahashi Ikuko , Nonaka Ikuya , Noguchi Satoru , Nishino Ichizo 
Published: March 2019

AbstractBackgroundX‐linked myotubular myopathy (XLMTM) is a form of the severest congenital muscle diseases characterized by marked muscle weakness, hypotonia, and feeding and breathing difficulties in male infants. It is caused by mutations in the myotubularin gene (MTM1).MethodsEvaluation of clinical history and examination of muscle pathology of three patients and comprehensive genome analysis on our original targeted gene panel system for muscular diseases.ResultsWe report three patients, each of whom presents distinct muscle pathological features. The three patients have novel hemizygous MTM1 variants, including c.527A>G (p.Gln176Arg), c.595C>G (p.Pro199Ala), or c.688T>C (p.Trp230Arg).ConclusionsAll variants were assessed as “Class 4 (likely pathogenic)” on the basis of the guideline of American College of Medical Genetics and Genomics. These distinct pathological features among the patients with variants in the second cluster of PTP domain in MTM1 provides an insight into microheterogeneities in disease phenotypes in XLMTM.
Association study between genetic polymorphisms in folate metabolism and gastric cancer susceptibility in Chinese Han population: A case–control study
Authors: Wei Lusha , Niu Fanglin , Wu Jiamin , Chen Fulin , Yang Hua , Li Jing , Jin Tianbo , Wu Yifei 
Published: March 2019

AbstractBackgroundGastric cancer (GC), the second leading cause of cancer mortality behind lung cancer worldwide, is caused by both genetic and environmental factors. In this study, we evaluated the association between the genetic polymorphisms of methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase (MTHFR), methionine synthesis reductase (MTR), and methyltransferase reductase (MTRR) genes and ischemic stroke risk in Chinese population.MethodsA case–control study was conducted including 681 patients with GC and 756 healthy controls. Chi‐squared test/Fisher's exact test and genetic model were used to evaluate associations. Odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were calculated using unconditional logistic regression.ResultsIn the allele model, using the chi‐square test, we found that the rs1532268 in MTRR with a minor allele T was significantly associated with increased risk of GC (OR = 1.24, 95% CI, 1.00–1.53; p = 0.048). In the genetic model analysis, we identified that the single‐nucleotide polymorphism of the rs1801133 in MTHFR could increase the GC risk in the recessive model (OR = 1.31, 95% CI, 1.01–1.70; p = 0.042) and log‐additive model (OR = 1.19, 95% CI, 1.02–1.38; p = 0.025). In MTHFR, a strong linkage of rs2274976 and rs1801133 was detected. The haplotype “GC” in the MTHFR gene was found to prominently increase the risk of GC (OR = 1.26, 95% CI: 1.07–1.47; p = 0.005). Other haplotypes did not display the correlativity.ConclusionThis study suggested that MTR and MTHFR polymorphisms may contribute to increase the risk of GC.
Design X‐band monopulse tracking system
Authors: Kwon Kun‐Sup , Park Joongki , Kim Woohyun , Lee Ho‐Sub , Park Do‐Hyun , Heo Jong‐Wan 
Published: March 2019

AbstractIn this letter, a higher‐order‐mode coupler using waveguide for multimode monopulse satellite tracking and signal processing schemes handling the signal from the higher‐order‐mode coupler are proposed. The proposed higher‐order‐mode coupler uses TM01 mode for compactness and weight reduction, making it suitable for OTM satellite tracking systems. The TM01 mode is extracted from the two H‐plane slots of the circular waveguide and then divided signals are combined through magic‐T structure. Also, the sum and difference radiation patterns of antenna applicable to monopulse satellite tracking are generated. A monopulse tracking data is extracted using the proposed signal processing schemes to the antenna radiation patterns. The influence of Doppler effect and noise is concerned to enhance tracking accuracy and sliding techniques are adopted to deal with an instantaneous tracking system. Designed X‐band higher‐order‐mode coupler of TM01 mode and signal processing schemes are expected to be used for all OTM monopulse satellite tracking systems.
Structural and dynamical aspects of PEG/LiClO4 in solvent mixtures via NMR spectroscopy
Authors: Singh Satnam , Nanda Raju , Dorai Kavita 
Published: March 2019

AbstractMotivated by the potential usefulness of polyethylene glycol (PEG)/Li+ salt mixtures in several industrial applications, we investigated the structure and dynamics of PEG/LiClO4 mixtures in D2O and its mixtures with CD3CN and DMSO‐d6, in a series of PEG‐based polymers with a wide variation in their molecular weights. 1H NMR chemical shifts, T1/T2 relaxation rates, pulsed‐field gradient NMR diffusion experiments, and 2D HOESY NMR studies have been performed to understand the structural and dynamical aspects of these mixtures. Increasing the temperature of the medium results in a significant perturbation in the H‐bonded structure of PEG in its PEG/LiClO4/D2O mixtures as observed from the increase in chemical shifts. On the other hand, the addition of molecular cosolvents has a negligible effect. The hydrodynamic structure of PEG shows a pronounced variation at low temperature with increasing molecular weight, which, however, disappears at higher temperatures. Increasing the temperature leads to a decrease in the hydrodynamic structure of PEG, which can be explained on the basis of solvation–desolvation phenomena. The 2D HOESY NMR spectra reveal a new finding of Li+‐water binding in the PEG/LiClO4/D2O mixtures with the addition of molecular solvents, suggesting that the Li+ cation diffuses freely in the D2O mixtures of polymers as compared with the polymer mixtures with DMSO or CD3CN.
Interslice current change constrained B0 shim optimization for accurate high‐order dynamic shim updating with strongly reduced eddy currents
Authors: Schwerter Michael , Hetherington Hoby , Moon Chan Hong , Pan Jullie , Felder Jörg , Tellmann Lutz , Shah N. Jon 
Published: March 2019

PurposeTo overcome existing challenges in dynamic B0 shimming by implementing a shim optimization algorithm which limits shim current amplitudes and their temporal variation through the application of constraints and regularization terms.Theory and MethodsSpherical harmonic dynamic B0 shimming is complicated by eddy currents, ill‐posed optimizations, and the need for strong power supplies. Based on the fact that eddy current amplitudes are proportional to the magnitude of the shim current changes, and assuming a smoothness of the B0 inhomogeneity variation in the slice direction, a novel algorithm was implemented to reduce eddy current generation by limiting interslice shim current changes. Shim degeneracy issues and resulting high current amplitudes are additionally addressed by penalizing high solution norms. Applicability of the proposed algorithm was validated in simulations and in phantom and in vivo measurements.ResultsHigh‐order dynamic shimming simulations and measurements have shown that absolute shim current amplitudes and their temporal variation can be substantially reduced with negligible loss in achievable B0 homogeneity. Whereas conventional dynamic shim updating optimizations improve the B0 homogeneity, on average, by a factor of 2.1 over second‐order static solutions, our proposed routine reached a factor of 2.0, while simultaneously providing a 14‐fold reduction of the average maximum shim current changes.ConclusionsThe proposed algorithm substantially reduces the shim amplitudes and their temporal variation, while only marginally affecting the achievable B0 homogeneity. As a result, it has the potential to mitigate the remaining challenges in dynamic B0 shimming and help in making its application more readily available.
Fast 3D brain MR fingerprinting based on multi‐axis spiral projection trajectory
Authors: Cao Xiaozhi , Ye Huihui , Liao Congyu , Li Qing , He Hongjian , Zhong Jianhui 
Published: March 2019

PurposeTo develop a fast, sub‐millimeter 3D magnetic resonance fingerprinting (MRF) technique for whole‐brain quantitative scans.MethodsAn acquisition trajectory based on multi‐axis spiral projection imaging (maSPI) was implemented for 3D MRF with steady‐state precession and slab excitation. By appropriately assigning the in‐plane and through‐plane rotations of spiral interleaves in a novel acquisition scheme, an maSPI‐based acquisition was implemented, and the total acquisition time was reduced by up to a factor of 8 compared to stack‐of‐spiral (SOS)‐based acquisition. A sliding‐window method was also used to further reduce the required number of time points for a faster acquisition. The experiments were conducted both on a phantom and in vivo.ResultsThe results from the phantom measurements with the proposed and gold standard methods were consistent with a good linear correlation and an R2 value approaching 0.99. The in vivo experiments achieved whole‐brain parametric maps with isotropic resolutions of 1 mm and 0.8 mm in 5.0 and 6.0 min, respectively, with potential for further acceleration. An in vivo experiment with intentionally moving subjects demonstrated that the maSPI scheme largely outperforms the SOS scheme in terms of robustness to head motion.Conclusion3D MRF with an maSPI acquisition scheme enables fast and robust scans for high‐resolution parametric mapping.
Virtual slice concept for improved simultaneous multi‐slice MRI employing an extended leakage constraint
Authors: Park Suhyung , Chen Liyong , Beckett Alexander , Feinberg David A. 
Published: March 2019

Purpose
To develop a novel, simultaneous multi‐slice (SMS) reconstruction that extends an inter‐slice leakage constraint to intra‐slice aliasing with a virtual slice concept for artifact reduction.
Methods
Inter‐slice leakage constraint has been used for SMS reconstruction that mitigates leakage artifacts from the adjacent slices. In this work, the leakage constraint is extended to more general framework that includes SMS and parallel MRI as special cases by viewing intra‐slice aliasing artifacts from undersampling as virtual slices while imposing data fidelity to ensure the measurement consistency. In this way, the reconstruction makes it feasible to directly estimate the individual slices from the undersampled SMS acquisition as a one‐step method. The performance of the extended method is evaluated with data acquired using 2D GRE and EPI sequences.
Results
Compared to a two‐step method that performs slice unaliasing followed by inplane unaliasing, the proposed one‐step method reduces aliasing artifacts by employing the extended leakage constraint while lowering the noise amplification by improving the conditioning for the inverse problem.
Conclusions
The proposed one‐step method takes advantage of virtual slices as additional encoding power for improved image quality. We successfully demonstrated that the proposed one‐step method minimizes a trade‐off between aliasing artifacts and amplified noises over the two‐step method.
One‐dimensional self‐weight consolidation with continuous drainage boundary conditions: Solution and application to clay‐drain reclamation
Authors: Feng Jianxue , Ni Pengpeng , Mei Guoxiong 
Published: March 2019

SummaryTraditional consolidation theories cannot provide good predictions of consolidation settlement in land reclamation because of their assumptions that the influence of soil's self‐weight is often neglected, and the drainage boundary is considered as fully pervious/impervious. In view of these limitations, an analytical solution is derived for one‐dimensional self‐weight consolidation problems with a continuous drainage boundary using the finite Fourier sine transform method. Following the classical Terzaghi's small strain theory, the soil's self‐weight is considered to produce consolidation settlement in dredged materials with a constant coefficient of consolidation. The continuous drainage boundary can essentially describe the time‐dependent variation of drainage capacity at the interface between two adjacent soil layers. By reducing the interface parameters, the effectiveness of the calculation is demonstrated against the Terzaghi's solution. The influence of interface parameters and soil's self‐weight stress coefficient on self‐weight consolidation is discussed. As expected, the rate of consolidation considering the self‐weight stress is faster, although the dependency of consolidation rate on the material property of void ratio is neglected. Moreover, the plane of maximum excess pore‐water pressure is estimated as a function of time factor, based on which a design chart is developed to optimize the layout of horizontal drains in land reclamation.
A new approach on improving the fire resistance of polyamide 11 by incorporating sulfur‐based flame retardant
Authors: Jin Xiaodong , Cui Suping , Sun Shibing , Tian Yingliang , Lv Feng , Gu Xiaoyu , Li Hongfei , Sun Jun , Zhang Sheng , Bourbigot Serge 
Published: March 2019

In this work, a novel sulfur‐based flame retardant (SA‐M) was synthesized by the self‐assembly of melamine and sulfamic acid. The chemical structure of SA‐M was fully characterized. SA‐M, in company with Al2O3, was then introduced into polyamide 11 (PA 11) by melt compounding in order to improve the fire resistance of the polymer substrate. The observation by scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and electron probe microanalysis (EPMA) indicated the well dispersion of SA‐M in PA 11 matrix. The fire performance of PA 11 composites was evaluated by limiting oxygen index (LOI), vertical burning (UL‐94), and cone calorimeter tests, respectively. The results showed that the presence of 17.5% SA‐M and 2.5% Al2O3 increased the LOI value from 22.4% to 30.9%, upgraded the UL‐94 rating from no rating to V‐0, significantly eliminated the melt dripping, and decreased the peak heat release rate from 1024 to 603 kW/m2. The thermal behaviors were investigated by thermogravimeric analysis (TGA) and TGA‐Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR). It was suggested that SA‐M took effects mainly in gas phase by diluting the combustible fuel, leading to the improvement of the fire resistance of PA 11.
Increased expression of neurotensin in high grade serous ovarian carcinoma with evidence of serous tubal intraepithelial carcinoma
Authors: Norris Eric J , Zhang Qing , Jones Wendell D , DeStephanis Darla , Sutker Ashley P , Livasy Chad A , Ganapathi Ram N , Tait David L , Ganapathi Mahrukh K 
Published: March 2019

AbstractHigh grade serous ovarian carcinoma (HGSC) without identifiable serous tubal intraepithelial carcinoma (STIC) within the fallopian tube (FT) occurs in approximately 50% of patients. The objective of this study was to use a multisite tumor sampling approach to study HGSC with and without STIC. RNAseq analysis of HGSC samples collected from multiple sites e.g. ovary, FT and peritoneum, revealed moderate levels of intrapatient heterogeneity in gene expression that could influence molecular profiles. Mixed‐model ANOVA analysis of gene expression in tumor samples from patients with multiple tumor sites (n = 13) and patients with a single site tumor sample (n = 11) to compare HGSC‐STIC to HGSC‐NOSTIC identified neurotensin (NTS) as significantly higher (> two‐fold change, False Discovery Rate (FDR) < 0.10) in HGSC‐STIC. This data was validated using publicly available RNA‐Seq datasets. Concordance between higher NTS gene expression and NTS peptide levels in HGSC‐STIC samples was demonstrated by immunohistochemistry. To determine the role of NTS in HGSC, five ovarian cancer (OvCa) cell lines were screened for expression of NTS and its receptors, NTSR1 and NTSR3. Increased expression of NTS and NSTR1 was observed in several of the OvCa cells, whereas the NTSR3 receptor was lower in all OvCa cells, compared to immortalized FT epithelial cells. Treatment with NTSR1 inhibitor (SR48692) decreased cell proliferation, but increased cell migration in OvCa cells. The effects of SR48692 were receptor mediated, since transient RNAi knockdown of NTSR1 mimicked the migratory effects and knockdown of NTSR3 mimicked the anti‐proliferative effects. Further, knockdown of NTSR1 or NTSR3 was associated with acquisition of distinct morphological phenotypes, epithelial or mesenchymal, respectively. Taken together, our results reveal a difference in a biologically active pathway between HGSC with and without STIC. Furthermore, we identify neurotensin signaling as an important pathway involved in cell proliferation and epithelial–mesenchymal transition in HGSC‐STIC which warrants further study as a potential therapeutic target. © 2019 The Authors. The Journal of Pathology published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd on behalf of Pathological Society of Great Britain and Ireland.
Specific oxidants improve the wood bonding strength of soy and other plant flours
Authors: Frihart Charles R. , Lorenz Linda F. 
Published: March 2019

ABSTRACTTo meet newer environmental standards, modified plant proteins have been studied as no‐added formaldehyde wood adhesives for interior applications. Many methods have been developed to increase the wet strength of wood products bonded with soy adhesives. These methods involve modifying the soy in separate steps prior to formulating the adhesive or adding a polymerizable co‐reactant to the soy. We show that adding periodate, permanganate, or iodate to soy flour improved the strength of soy adhesive bonds in small‐scale testing and in plywood shear, especially when tested under wet conditions. Periodate improved the bond strength of other plant materials (lupine, canola, and cottonseed) but none of these produced as high of a wet strength as the soy flour. We investigated other oxidants with plant proteins. Permanganate was quite effective and iodate was somewhat effective, whereas nitric acid, chlorate, perchlorate, and bromate were not effective in increasing wet strength. The available data are consistent with oxidation of the carbohydrate–protein mixture in plant flours to provide adhesives with increased wet strength in wood bonds. This mechanism was also supported by the improved wet strength with the addition of dialdehydes (glyoxal and glutaraldehyde). The purified soy protein also gave strength improvement with periodate. Published 2019. This article is a U.S. Government work and is in the public domain in the USA. J. Polym. Sci., Part A: Polym. Chem. 2019, 57, 1017–1023
Internal Structure and Magnetic Properties in Cobalt Ferrite Nanoparticles: Influence of the Synthesis Method
Authors: Lavorato Gabriel , Alzamora Mariella , Contreras Cynthia , Burlandy Gabriel , Litterst F. Jochen , Baggio‐Saitovitch Elisa 
Published: March 2019

AbstractThe design of novel nanostructured magnetic materials requires a good understanding of the variation in the magnetic properties due to different synthesis conditions. In this work, four different procedures for fabricating Co‐ferrite nanoparticles with similar sizes between 7 and 10 nm are compared by studying their structural and magnetic properties. Non‐aqueous methods based on the thermal decomposition of metal acetylacetonates at high temperatures, either with or without surfactants, provide highly crystalline nanoparticles with large saturation magnetization values and a coherent reversal of the magnetic moment. However, variations in the density of defects and in the shape of the nanocrystals determine the distribution of switching fields and the effective magnetic anisotropy, which reaches up to ≈1 × 107 erg cm−3 for oleic acid‐capped 9 nm nanoparticles. It is shown that the saturation magnetization values for nanoparticles produced by different methods are in the range between 49 and 95 emu g−1 due to differences in the stoichiometry, in the cation occupancy, in the magnetic disorder and in the spin canting of the magnetic sub‐lattices, the latter evaluated by in‐field Mössbauer spectroscopy.
Ten‐year‐old children with a history of bronchopulmonary dysplasia have regional abnormalities in ventilation perfusion matching
Authors: Kjellberg Malin , Sanchez‐Crespo Alejandro , Jonsson Baldvin 
Published: March 2019

AbstractAimThe ratio of ventilation to blood flow is an important determinant for regional gas exchange in the lung and hypoxemia is one of the clinical hallmarks in infants with bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD). We have previously demonstrated ventilation/perfusion ratio (V/Q) abnormalities in infants with BPD at 36 weekś postconceptional age. The status of V/Q matching in older children with a history of BPD in infancy is unknown. In this study, we examined if 10‐year‐old children with a history of BPD had V/Q impairments.MethodsThree‐dimensional V/Q‐scintigraphy (SPECT) was performed in 26 children.ResultsIn the BPD group, lung volume with mismatch, (V>Q) was larger compared to areas with reverse mismatch (Q>V), 26.2% and 11.8%, respectively, implying that perfusion defects contribute more than ventilation defects in the V/Q mismatch. Also, the mean fractional distribution of V and Q to V/Q in children with BPD was reduced compared to healthy children, 31% and 51% compared to 64% and 89%, respectively (P < 0.01).ConclusionAt 10 years of age children with a history of BPD had ventilation/perfusion abnormalities, with prominent perfusion defects. These V/Q abnormalities suggest the presence of residual alveolar‐capillary impairment.