bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
ESENSI PROGRAM BIMBEL MANASIK HAJI UPAYA PEMBERDAYAAN MASYARAKAT
Authors: Choliq Abdul 
Published: August 2018

<p><em>Hajj is the perfect worship of the pillars of Islam that became the goal of all Muslims in the world. So many hajj pilgrims who register to go to the Holy Land every year. Hajj implementation annually put aside various problems. One of them is not the optimal of the hajj manasik given by </em><em>Ministry of Religion </em><em> and the long departure time of hajj, while the candidate is dominated by the elderly (elderly). The ministry has a great desire to form an independent hajj, so becomes an important issue to be observed. Writing scientific paper aims to provide a good view to the Ministry of Religious Affairs or the guidance of pilgrimage to provide hajj man</em><em>a</em><em>sik not just a manasik in general, but really oriented to empowering prospective pilgrims to form an independent hajj. Some of things that must be done is first to use the right methods such as Affirmation and Repetition and PAIKEM, both utilizing long waiting times with useful activities.Such as training in making signs of haj pilgrimage (such as marking ribbons, masks, or slendang neck), training planting of live pharmacies, and making some goods to prepare for the departure of pilgrimage (eg small bags for storage of goods and others)</em><em>. </em><em>Third is to grow independent congregations in a way more opportunities to meet with other congregations in order to grow optimism in prospective pilgrims. </em></p><p>==================================================</p><p>Haji merupakan ibadah penyempurna rukun Islam yang menjadi tujuan seluruh muslim di dunia. Sehingga setiap tahun banyak jama’ah haji yang mendaftarkan diri untuk berangkat ke Tanah Suci. Pelaksanaan Haji setiap tahunnya menyisihkan problematika bermacam-macam, salah satunya ialah belum optimalnya manasik haji yang diberikan oleh Kemenag dan waktu tunggu keberangkatan haji yang lama, sedangkan calon jamaah di dominasi oleh lansia (orang lanjut usia). Kementrian sendiri memiliki keinginan besar untuk membentuk haji mandiri, maka demikian itu menjadi permsalahan yang penting untuk di teliti. Penulisan karya tulis ilmiah ini bertujuan untuk memberikan pandangan baik kepada Kemenag atau bimbel haji agar memberikan mansik haji tidak hanya sekedar manasik pada umumnya, tetapi betul-betul berorientasi pada pemberdayaan calon jamaah agar membentuk haji mandiri. Beberapa hal yang harus dilakukan ialah pertama menggunakan metode yang tepat seperti Affirmation and repetition dan PAIKEM, kedua memanfaatkan waktu tunggu yang begitu lama dengan kegiatan-kegiatan bermanfaat seperti Bersama-sama dalam pembuatan tanda-tanda perbekalan haji, seperti pembuatan tanda pita, masker, atau slendang leher, melatih penanaman tanaman apotik hidup, dan pembuatan beberapa barang untuk memepersiapkan keberangkatan haji, misalnya tas-tas kecil untuk penyimpanan barang dan lainnya. Ketiga ialah dengan menumbuhkan jamaah mandiri dengan cara lebih banyak memberikan peluang temu dengan jamaah lain agar tumbuh optimisme dalam diri calon jamaah.</p>
Occurrence of trihalomethane in relation to treatment technologies and water quality under tropical conditions
Authors: Amarasooriya A. A. G. D. , Weragoda S. K. , Makehelwala M. , Weerasooriya R. 
Published: August 2018

Abstract
Distribution of most prevalent disinfection by-products, trihalomethanes (THMs) in relation to treatment technology and common water quality parameters (turbidity, conductivity, color, pH, and residual chlorine) was examined for two water supply schemes (WSS) in Sri Lanka (locations: Greater Kandy-WSS (GKWSS) (80.56–80.66 °E, 7.28–7.38 °N) and Kandy South-WSS (KSWSS) (80.49–80.63 °E, 7.21–7.30 °N). In both treatment plants, only CHCl3 and CHCl2Br were detected in appreciable concentrations and total THMs (TTHMs) values were well below the WHO limits (80 μg/L). TTHMs variations ranged from 0 to 16 μg/L and 0 to 54 μg/L in GKWSS and KSWSS, respectively. Highest TTHM value (54 μg/L) was found in KSWSS which employs pulsation treatment technology. Correlations between CHCl3 and CHCl2Br in both water schemes are noteworthy, but THM levels relate to most of the water quality parameters ambiguously. However, a distinct relationship is observed between THM levels and degree of chlorination, resident time, pipeline corrosion, and temperature. THM formation increased towards the boundaries of most of the sub-water supply schemes (SWSS).
Resurgence and Waldschmidt constant of the ideal of a fat almost collinear subscheme in ℙ2
Authors: Haghighi Hassan , Mosakhani Mohammad , Fashami Mohammad Zaman 
Published: August 2018

Abstract
Let Zn = p
0 + p
1 + ··· + pn be a configuration of points in ℙ2, where all points pi except p
0 lie on a line, and let I(Zn) be its corresponding homogeneous ideal in 𝕂 [ℙ2]. The resurgence and the Waldschmidt constant of I(Zn) in [5] have been computed. In this note, we compute these two invariants for the defining ideal of a fat point subscheme Zn,c = cp
0 + p
1 +··· + pn, i.e. the point p
0 is considered with multiplicity c. Our strategy is similar to [5].
North Korean strategic culture: survival and security
Authors: Husenicova Lucia 
Published: August 2018

Abstract
During last year North Korea has made almost daily headline. Topics such as the strongest nuclear test, tests of missiles from medium range ballistic missiles (MRBM) to intercontinental ballistic missiles (ICBM), readiness to retaliate to any possible U.S. attack, appeared frequently. In addition, the reaction of U.S. president D. Trump about American readiness to solve the issue, sending armada or reacting with fire and fury, were also covered by media all around the world. With these developments a possibility of nuclear war was discussed for the first time since the end of Cold War. This article aims to look closer to the reasons of North Korean behaviour, not only in last few years but within the contest of the concept of strategic culture. This concept has been used to explain behaviour of powers mainly, but the article aims to prove it is a viable tool to explain the motives and perceptions of any state in international system. The article aspires to conclude that the North Korean foreign and security policy is necessary to perceive in more complex picture. The current situation in North Korea is a result of combination of several factors that are determining and that have formed its perception of international relations
Leisure Sport Activities and Their Importance in Living a Healthy Physical and Psycho-Social Lifestyle
Authors: Pomohaci Marcel , Sopa Ioan Sabin 
Published: August 2018

Abstract
Leisure sport activities have an important role inmaintaining health and physical fitness at adults, but also being more and more used for different other reasons like socialization, communication, making new friends and relationships, self-image, challenge etc. Our study focused on finding the main necessities of adults regarding leisure sport activities, discovering the real reasons of practicing sport activities in their free time. So, using the questionnaire method, we asked 204 adults of their real necessities regarding leisure sport activities and why they practice specific sports in their free time. The results showed that different sports are practiced for different necessities, so the practitioners of volleyball game highlighted the necessities of socialization and communication, the football practitioners had chosen movement and competition necessities as main reasons for practicing sport, basketball players elected affiliation and maintain health necessities as primordial, fitness or gym practitioners affirmed that main reasons for practicing sport activities are self-image and satisfaction necessities. The conclusions of the study were that indifferent of the sport that is practiced, leisure sport activities contributes in fulfilling the adult necessities and is an important way of maintain physical, social and psychological progress
CVaR in Measuring Sector's Risk on the Croatian Stock Exchange
Authors: Aljinović Zdravka , Trgo Andrea 
Published: August 2018

Abstract
Background: In this paper the well-known risk measurement method Conditional Value-at-Risk (CVaR) is applied to the Croatian stock market to estimate the risk for 8 sectors in Croatia. The method and an appropriate backtesting are applied to the sample of 29 stocks grouped into 8 sectors for the three different periods: the period of economic growth 2006-2007, the crisis period 2008-2009 and the post-crisis period 2013-2014, characterized by long-term economic stagnation in Croatia. Objectives: The objective of this paper is to estimate the risk of 8 sectors on the Croatian stock market in three different economic periods and to identify whether the sectors that are risky during the crisis period are the same sectors that are risky in the period of economic growth and economic stagnation. Methods/Approach: The Conditional Value-at-Risk method and an appropriate backtesting are applied. Results: Empirical findings indicate that sectors that are risky in the period of economic growth are not the same sectors that are risky during the period of economic crisis or stagnation. Conclusions: In all the three periods, the least risky sectors were Hotel-management, Tourism, Food, and Staples Retailing. The Construction sector in all the three periods was among the riskiest sectors
Number of Instances for Reliable Feature Ranking in a Given Problem
Authors: Bohanec Marko , Borštnar Mirjana Kljajić , Robnik-Šikonja Marko 
Published: August 2018

Abstract
Background: In practical use of machine learning models, users may add new features to an existing classification model, reflecting their (changed) empirical understanding of a field. New features potentially increase classification accuracy of the model or improve its interpretability. Objectives: We have introduced a guideline for determination of the sample size needed to reliably estimate the impact of a new feature. Methods/Approach: Our approach is based on the feature evaluation measure ReliefF and the bootstrap-based estimation of confidence intervals for feature ranks. Results: We test our approach using real world qualitative business-tobusiness sales forecasting data and two UCI data sets, one with missing values. The results show that new features with a high or a low rank can be detected using a relatively small number of instances, but features ranked near the border of useful features need larger samples to determine their impact. Conclusions: A combination of the feature evaluation measure ReliefF and the bootstrap-based estimation of confidence intervals can be used to reliably estimate the impact of a new feature in a given problem
Risk-Based Decision Support Model for Offshore Installations
Authors: Erdogan Gencer , Refsdal Atle , Nygård Bjørn , Rosland Ole Petter , Randeberg Bernt Kvam 
Published: August 2018

Abstract
Background: During major maintenance projects on offshore installations, flotels are often used to accommodate the personnel. A gangway connects the flotel to the installation. If the offshore conditions are unfavorable, the responsible operatives need to decide whether to lift (disconnect) the gangway from the installation. If this is not done, there is a risk that an uncontrolled autolift (disconnection) occurs, causing harm to personnel and equipment. Objectives: We present a decision support model, developed using the DEXi tool for multi-criteria decision making, which produces advice on whether to disconnect/connect the gangway from/to the installation. Moreover, we report on our development method and experiences from the process, including the efforts invested. An evaluation of the resulting model is also offered, primarily based on feedback from a small group of offshore operatives and domain experts representing the end user target group. Methods/Approach: The decision support model was developed systematically in four steps: establish context, develop the model, tune the model, and collect feedback on the model. Results: The results indicate that the decision support model provides advice that corresponds with expert expectations, captures all aspects that are important for the assessment, is comprehensible to domain experts, and that the expected benefit justifies the effort for developing the model. Conclusions: We find the results promising, and believe that the approach can be fruitful in a wider range of risk-based decision support scenarios. Moreover, this paper can help other decision support developers decide whether a similar approach can suit them
Location and Coverage Analysis of Bike- Sharing Stations in University Campus
Authors: Mete Suleyman , Cil Zeynel Abidin , Özceylan Eren 
Published: August 2018

Abstract
Background: Bike-sharing programmes have become popular in a large number of cities in order to facilitate bicycle use. Determining the location of bike sharing stations is vital to success of these programmes. Objectives: In this paper, a case study is applied to the Gaziantep University campus in order to find possible locations of the stations for users (students). The purpose is to minimize the total walking distance. Methods/Approach: Set and maximal covering mathematical models are considered to decide on coverage capability of determined 20 demand points and 20 potential bike stations. Then, the mathematical models of P-center and P-median are used to build possible stations and to allocate demand points to the opened stations. Finally, an undesirable facility location model is used to find the bike stations, which have the maximum distance from demand nodes, and to eliminate them. Results: In computational results, it is clearly seen that the proposed approaches set the potential bike station covering all demand points. They also provide different solutions for the campus planners. Conclusions: The methodology outlined in this study can provide university administrators with a useful insight into locations of stations, and in this way, it contributes significantly to future planning of bike-sharing systems.
Inverse methods and integral-differential model demonstration for optimal mechanical operation of power plants – numerical graphical optimization for second generation of tribology models
Authors: Casesnoves Francisco 
Published: August 2018

Abstract
Stepping forward from a previous conference contribution, the article focuses on extension of inverse problem algorithms to integral-differential modelling and formal/strict demonstration of graphical-optimization method. It shows evident-mathematical and 3D-imaging proofs of the graphical optimization method with L1 Norm simulations and algorithms. At present, Linear/Nonlinear Optimization mathematical methods constitute the choice of preference in getting improvements for erosion and corrosion simulations- determinations in general tribology, biotribology and tribocorrosion. The method(s) developed are classical numerical optimization settings for objective functions, programming optimization and simulations, and special software for imaging in 3D. Results are diverse and the range of their applications is wide. First, the article provides a definite formal demonstration of the nonlinear graphical optimization both in numerical results and in imaging. Then, the authors propose the development of programming optimization and mathematical proofs-algorithms of the integral-differential model for various models. Subsequently, an overview of stochastic erosion methods based on Markov Chain is presented in the article. Finally, the second generation of tribology models is defined and conceptually explained. To summarise, the article comprises new findings towards modernization of tribology, biotribology and tribocorrosion models, gathering innovative research branches for future extension of the mathematical modelling progress. The results can be applied to both general techniques and mechanical engineering. The analytical and numerical demonstration of the integral-differential model constitutes a key point and essential result of the research. Extension to electromagnetic and electronic models of these methods is also considered feasible and practical
Development case study of the first estonian self-driving car, iseauto
Authors: Rassõlkin Anton , Sell Raivo , Leier Mairo 
Published: August 2018

Abstract
The rapid development of intelligent control technology has also brought about changes in the automotive industry and led to development of autonomous or self-driving vehicles. To overcome traffic and environment issues, self-driving cars use a number of sensors for vision as well as a navigation system and actuators to control mechanical systems and computers to process the data. All these points make a self-driving car an interdisciplinary project that requires contribution from different fields. In our particular case, four different university departments and two companies are directly involved in the self-driving car project. The main aim of the paper is to discuss the challenges faced in the development of the first Estonian self-driving car. The project implementation time was 20 months and the project included four work packages: preliminary study, software development, body assembly and system tuning/testing of the self-driving car. This paper describes the development process stages and tasks that were distributed between the sub-teams. Moreover, the paper presents the technical and software solutions that were used to achieve the goal and presents a self-driving last mile bus called ISEAUTO. Special attention is paid to the discussion of safety challenges that a self-driving electrical car project can encounter. The main outcomes and future research possibilities are outlined
Scalability of Learners’ Success Rates in e-Learning: A Survey Study of the Learners’ Perspectives
Authors: Maritim Ezra K. , Getuno Daniel Makini 
Published: August 2018

Abstract
Globally, ODL institutions experience mismatch between scalability of numbers and scalability of success rates. This study explored the scalability of success rates in open, distance e-learning as perceived by the learners within the Chain of Response Model. The primary aim of the study was to look at online learners’ success rate by focusing on two institutional factors drawn from the Model, namely: the learner’s study modules related challenges and support services. The results of an online survey of 180 undergraduate and postgraduate online learners of Egerton University, Kenya, showed: (a) the response rate of 16%; (b) a mixture of hardware, software and personal factors were identified as pre-requisites for e-learning success: (c) a number of mathematically-based modules were identified as risks to success in online studies; and (d) while the learners saw the learner support services as important they were less satisfied with their provision. The present study points to two broad areas that require further studies. First, qualitative look into specific challenges that learners face with respect to learner support service provisions, modules interactivity, and those identified as difficult to follow and thus posing risks to the learners’ success. Second, investigation into tutor-learner contacts with the view of identifying whether such contacts are reactive or proactive.
Improved micropropagation and foliar micromorphological studies in Turnera ulmifolia L. – An important medicinal plant
Authors: Manokari Mani , Shekhawat Mahipal S. 
Published: August 2018

Abstract
The present study reports an efficient in vitro propagation system for Turnera ulmifolia using nodal segments as explants. Turnera ulmifolia (Passifloraceae) is an important garden plant with multipotent medicinal values. Effective shoot proliferation was achieved on agar gelled MS medium (Murashige and Skoog, 1962). The maximum number of shoots (8.3 ± 0.57) per initial explant was obtained on MS medium supplemented with 8.88 mM of 6-benzylaminopurine (BAP) and 0.54 mM of α-naphthalene acetic acid (NAA). The highest number of shoots (59.5 ± 2.10) proliferated on semi-solid MS medium (with agar) augmented with 2.22 mM of BAP and 2.32 mM of kinetin (Kin) along with 0.54 mM of NAA. Longer (4-5 cm) and healthy shoots were rooted (12.0 ± 0.10 roots per shoot) on half-strength MS medium fortified with 9.84 mM of indole-3 butyric acid (IBA). The in vitro regenerated plantlets were hardened in the greenhouse and transferred to the field. Significant developmental changes were observed in the foliar micromorphology of in vitro raised plantlets when these were transferred to the field. The stomatal index was gradually reduced (26.72 to 21.25) in the leaves from in vitro to field environments. But, vein-islets and veinlet terminations (13.4 and 7.6) were increased (39.7 and 18.4) respectively from in vitro to in vivo grown plants. Simple, unicellular, less frequent and underdeveloped trichomes were observed with the leaves of in vitro plants but fully developed trichomes recorded in the field transferred plants. The study could help in understanding the response and adaptation of tissue culture raised plantlets towards changed environmental conditions.
Introduction to Stochastic Finance: Random Variables and Arbitrage Theory
Authors: Jaeger Peter 
Published: August 2018

Summary
Using the Mizar system [1], [5], we start to show, that the Call-Option, the Put-Option and the Straddle (more generally defined as in the literature) are random variables ([4], p. 15), see (Def. 1) and (Def. 2). Next we construct and prove the simple random variables ([2], p. 14) in (Def. 8).
In the third section, we introduce the definition of arbitrage opportunity, see (Def. 12). Next we show, that this definition can be characterized in a different way (Lemma 1.3. in [4], p. 5), see (17). In our formalization for Lemma 1.3 we make the assumption that ϕ is a sequence of real numbers (there are only finitely many valued of interest, the values of ϕ in Rd
). For the definition of almost sure with probability 1 see p. 6 in [2]. Last we introduce the risk-neutral probability (Definition 1.4, p. 6 in [4]), here see (Def. 16).
We give an example in real world: Suppose you have some assets like bonds (riskless assets). Then we can fix our price for these bonds with x for today and x · (1 + r) for tomorrow, r is the interest rate. So we simply assume, that in every possible market evolution of tomorrow we have a determinated value. Then every probability measure of Ω
fut

1 is a risk-neutral measure, see (21). This example shows the existence of some risk-neutral measure. If you find more than one of them, you can determine – with an additional conidition to the probability measures – whether a market model is arbitrage free or not (see Theorem 1.6. in [4], p. 6.)
A short graph for (21):
Suppose we have a portfolio with many (in this example infinitely many) assets. For asset d we have the price π(d) for today, and the price π(d) (1 + r) for tomorrow with some interest rate r > 0.
Let G be a sequence of random variables on Ω
fut

1, Borel sets. So you have many functions fk
: {1, 2, 3, 4}→ R with G(k) = fk
and fk
is a random variable of Ω
fut

1, Borel sets. For every fk
we have fk
(w) = π(k)·(1+r) for w {1, 2, 3, 4}.

Today

Tomorrow

only

one

scenario

{

w

21

=

{

1
,
2

}

w

22

=

{

3
,
4

}

for

all

d
∈
𝕅

holds

π

(
d
)

{

f
d

(
w
)

=
G

(
d
)

(
w
)

=
π

(
d
)

⋅

(

1
+
r

)

,

w
∈

w

21

or

w
∈

w

22

,

r
>
0

is

the

interest

rate
.

$$\matrix{ {Today} & {Tomorrow} \cr {{\rm{only}}\,{\rm{one}}\,{\rm{scenario}}} & {\left\{ {\matrix{ {w_{21} = \left\{ {1,2} \right\}} \hfill \cr {w_{22} = \left\{ {3,4} \right\}} \hfill \cr } } \right.} \cr {{\rm{for}}\,{\rm{all}}\,d \in N\,{\rm{holds}}\,\pi \left( d \right)} & {\left\{ {\matrix{ {f_d \left( w \right) = G\left( d \right)\left( w \right) = \pi \left( d \right) \cdot \left( {1 + r} \right),} \hfill \cr {w \in w_{21} \,or\,w \in w_{22} ,} \hfill \cr {r > 0\,{\rm{is}}\,{\rm{the}}\,{\rm{interest}}\,{\rm{rate}}.} \hfill \cr } } \right.} \cr }$$

Here, every probability measure of Ω
fut

1 is a risk-neutral measure.