bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Polyimide passivation‐enabled high‐work function graphene transparent electrode for organic light‐emitting diodes with enhanced reliability
Authors: Liu Rui , Liu Yu , Zhang Dingdong , Du Jinhong , Han Xu , Yuan Shuangdeng , Ren Wencai 
Published: November 2024

AbstractChemical vapor deposition (CVD)‐gown graphene has tremendous potential as a transparent electrode for the next generation of flexible optoelectronics such as organic light‐emitting diodes (OLEDs). A semiconductor coating is critical to improve the work function but usually makes graphene rougher and more conductive, which increases leakage, and then significantly restrict device efficiency improvement and worsens reliability. Here an insulating polyimide bearing carbazole‐substituted triphenylamine units and bis(trifluoromethyl)phenyl groups (CzTPA PI/2CF3) with high thermal stability is synthesized to passivate graphene. The similar surface free energy allows the uniform coating of CzTPA PI/2CF3/N‐methylpyrrolidone on graphene. Despite of a slight decrease in conductivity, CzTPA PI/2CF3 passivation enables a substantial reduction in surface roughness and improvement in work function. By using such CzTPA PI/2CF3‐passivated graphene as anode, a flexible green OLED is demonstrated with a maximum current, power, and external quantum efficiencies of 88.4 cd A−1, 115.7 lm W−1, and 24.8%, respectively, which are among the best of the reported results. Moreover, the CzTPA PI/2CF3 passivation enhances the device reliability with extending half‐life and reducing dispersion coefficient of efficiency. The study promotes the practical use of graphene transparent electrodes for flexible optoelectronics.image
Efficacy of Neuromuscular Ultrasound in Diagnosing and Treating a Mammogram‐Induced Brachial Plexus Injury—A Case Report
Authors: Dougherty Jaime , Pigott Tyler , Raja Altamash E. 
Published: November 2024

ABSTRACTA 40‐year‐old woman presented with chronic left anterior shoulder, upper arm, and axillary pain following a routine mammogram 3 years prior. Despite multiple interventions, her pain persisted significantly affecting her quality of life. Ultrasound examination revealed fascicular edema in the medial brachial cutaneous nerve (MBCN), intercostobrachial cutaneous nerve (ICBN), and a positive sono‐Tinel. Ultrasound‐guided hydrodissection of these nerves provided complete axillary pain relief and significant improvement in anterior arm pain, sustained for 6 months. This case highlights the diagnostic challenges of cutaneous nerve entrapment syndromes, often overlooked and misdiagnosed, especially without a clear inciting injury. Ultrasound proves superior to electrodiagnostic studies in visualizing nerve pathology, particularly in small cutaneous nerves. Incorporating ultrasound into the diagnostic process for nerve entrapments can reduce the need for more expensive tests like magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) with the added benefit of therapeutic intervention. Moreover, routine mammography should be considered a cause for ICBN and MBCN neuropathy, a rare but significant condition. Neuromuscular ultrasound offers distinct advantages in diagnosing and treating such neuropathies, exemplified by the successful management of our patient's condition.
Next‐Generation Sequencing: An Advanced Diagnostic Tool for Detection of Pancreatic Disease/Disorder
Authors: Biswas Suvro , Afrose Shamima , Mita Mohasana Akter , Hasan Md. Robiul , Shimu Mst. Sharmin Sultana , Zaman Shahriar , Saleh Md. Abu 
Published: November 2024

ABSTRACTThe pancreas is involved in digestion and glucose regulation in the human body. Given the recognized link between chronic pancreatitis and pancreatic cancer, addressing pancreatic disorders and pancreatic cancer is particularly challenging. This review aims to highlight the limitations of traditional methods in diagnosing pancreatic disorders and cancer and explore several next‐generation sequencing (NGS) approaches as a promising alternative. There are distinct clinical symptoms that are shared by a number of clinical phenotypes of pancreatic illness induced by particular genetic mutations. Traditional diagnostic methods encompass computed tomography, magnetic resonance imaging, contrast‐enhanced Doppler ultrasound, endoscopic ultrasound, endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography, transabdominal ultrasound, laparoscopy, and positron emission tomography have a prognostic ability of only 5% or less and a 5‐year survival rate. Genetic sequencing can be employed as an alternative to conventional diagnostic techniques. Sanger sequencing and NGS are currently largely operated genome analysis, with no exception for pancreatic disease diagnosis. The NGS methods can sequence millions to billions of short DNA fragments, enabling enormous sample screening in a short amount of time with low‐abundance detection, like in 0.1%–1% mutation prevalence declining approximate cost. Whole‐genome sequencing, whole‐exome sequencing, RNA sequencing, and single‐cell NGS are a few NGS methods utilized to diagnose pancreatic disease. For both research and clinical applications, the NGS techniques can provide a precise diagnosis of pancreatic disorders in a short amount of time at a reasonable expenditure.
Study on Territorial Spatial Equilibrium Based on Ecosystem Service Value: A Case Study of the Southwest Guangxi Karst‐Beibu Gulf, China
Authors: Zhang Lili , Hu Baoqing , Hu Weiyan 
Published: November 2024

ABSTRACTExploring the regional territorial spatial equilibrium state (TSES) has emerged as a key goal of “Two Mountains” planning and decision‐making, as well as territorial spatial governance. However, there is still a shortage of perspectives that consider the ecosystem service value (ESV) to reveal and predict TSES. To this end, this study develops a framework for analyzing the interaction between ESV and socio‐economic value (SEV), investigates the pattern, process, and mechanism of their interaction employing spatial equilibrium model, and couples the MOP‐PLUS model to predict the interaction between the two under different scenarios, in order to fill in the gaps of the current research. The results show that: (1) From 1980 to 2020, the ESV (decreasing trend) and SEV (increasing trend) in the Southwest Guangxi Karst‐Beibu Gulf (SGK‐BG) show opposite trends and distribution patterns. Under all three simulated projection scenarios, the projected ESV of SGK‐BG in 2030 shows different degrees of decreases, with economic development leading to the greatest fluctuations in the rate of decrease; the implementation of an ecological protection strategy leads to a small decrease in the SEV, and vice versa. (2) The TSE for coordinated equilibrium state (CES) districts and counties are mainly clustered in the GSK region, with the number in 2020 increasing by 30% compared to 1980; the ecological imbalance state (EIS) areas are mainly located in the central part of the study area and some districts along the coast of the Beibu Gulf, and the developmental imbalance state (DIS) areas are located in the northwestern part of the study area. The above three TSES have the highest number of distributions in the business as usual scenario (BAUS), the economic development first scenario (EDFS), and the ecological conservation first scenario (ECFS), respectively. The above differences in different spatial equilibriums reveal a serious developmental imbalance between economic development and ecological conservation. This study emphasizes the pathways evolution of different equilibrium subregions under the realization of ESV, and the evaluation results are not only a useful supplement to the research on the “Two Mountains” theory, but also can help policymakers to provide scientific decisions in promoting the synergistic, equilibrium and orderly development of the region.
Highly Performing Polysaccharide Hydrogels can Replace Acrylic Acid‐Based Superabsorbent Polymers in Sanitary Napkins
Authors: Ismaeilimoghadam Saeed , Azimi Bahareh , Jonoobi Mehdi , Danti Serena 
Published: November 2024

AbstractSuper absorbent polymers (SAPs) used in sanitary napkin are not required for water absorption capacity as high as in baby diapers and adult incontinence pads. Sanitary napkins must absorb menses, which is delivered at a significantly lower rate and overall daily amount than urines. Thus, the acrylic acid (AA) component can not be strictly necessary. By proper formulation design and processing, polysaccharide SAPs can be equally or even better performing than AA‐containing SAPs in sanitary napkins. Fully biodegradable sodium alginate (SA)‐based SAPs are prepared through ionic cross‐linking by CaCl2 and introduced in female pads. The optimal solution concentrations (SA 8% w/v, CaCl2 0.25% w/v in water) and reaction time are identified, and addition of cellulose nanocrystals (CNC) at different weight contents (0–3 w%) is tested. Morphology, physico‐chemical properties, rheology, free swelling capacity (FSC), centrifuge retention capacity, and weight loss in soil are assessed. Increasing CNC content decreases FSC. Rheology results demonstrate higher storage and loss moduli for SA‐based SAPs versus commercial SAPs. The superior SA‐SAP developed is used in varying amounts for manufacturing sanitary napkin prototypes, revealing that excellent menstrual fluid absorption, surpassing commercial pads. Replacing AA‐based with polysaccharide‐based SAPs would reduce the environmental impact of hygienic product waste.
Twisted conjugacy in soluble arithmetic groups
Authors: Lins de Araujo Paula M. , Santos Rego Yuri 
Published: November 2024

AbstractReidemeister numbers of group automorphisms encode the number of twisted conjugacy classes of groups and might yield information about self‐maps of spaces related to the given objects. Here, we address a question posed by Gonçalves and Wong in the mid‐2000s: we construct an infinite series of compact connected solvmanifolds (that are not nilmanifolds) of strictly increasing dimensions and all of whose self‐homotopy equivalences have vanishing Nielsen number. To this end, we establish a sufficient condition for a prominent (infinite) family of soluble linear groups to have the so‐called property . In particular, we generalize or complement earlier results due to Dekimpe, Gonçalves, Kochloukova, Nasybullov, Taback, Tertooy, Van den Bussche, and Wong, showing that many soluble ‐arithmetic groups have and suggesting a conjecture in this direction.
Plasma DNA Methylation‐Based Biomarkers for MPNST Detection in Patients With Neurofibromatosis Type 1
Authors: Tomczak Katarzyna , Patel Manishkumar S. , Bhalla Angela D. , Peterson Christine B. , Landers Sharon M. , Callahan S. Carson , Zhang Di , Wong Justin , Landry Jace P. , Lazar Alexander J. , Livingston J. Andrew , Guadagnolo B. Ashleigh , Lyu Heather G. , Lillemoe Heather , Roland Christina L. , Keung Emily Z. , Scally Christopher P. , Hunt Kelly K. , McCutcheon Ian E. , Slopis John M. , Gu Jian , Scheet Paul , Wang Liang , Rai Kunal , Torres Keila E. 
Published: November 2024

ABSTRACTMalignant peripheral nerve sheath tumor (MPNST) development is characterized by an altered DNA methylation landscape, which presents a promising area for developing MPNST‐specific biomarkers for screening patients with NF1. Genome‐wide DNA methylation profiling of a cohort of 13 patients with MPNST (29 samples of tumor and adjacent neurofibroma tissues) and of NF1‐MPNST cell lines was performed to identify and validate candidate MPNST‐specific CpG sites (CpGs). A logistic regression prediction model was constructed to select MPNST‐specific CpGs distinct from adjacent neurofibromas and normal tissues. To test if hypermethylation at selected CpGs can also be detected in plasma from patients with MPNST, cfMBD‐seq was applied to profile the cfDNA methylome of blood from patients with MPNST and NF1. Based on stringent feature‐selection criteria and predictive modeling, we identified 73 candidate MPNST‐specific CpGs (67 with unique CpG island locations) that reliably discriminated MPNSTs from neurofibromas. Validation of five candidate biomarkers confirmed successful MPNST detection (sensitivity: > 88%, specificity: > 91%) in tissues. In plasma samples, 63 of 67 selected genomic regions had greater than 1.2‐fold higher methylation in patients with MPNST than those with NF1. Further, we identified 15 CpG islands that consistently separated plasma from patients with confirmed MPNST diagnosis from plasma of individuals with NF1 without a diagnosis of malignant transformation (FDR < 0.1). Our findings confirmed a unique hypermethylation pattern present during malignant transformation. This study highlights the potential to be investigated further as biomarkers in clinical settings for early MPNST detection in patients with NF1.
Integrative Bioinformatics Analysis and Experimental Study of NLRP12 Reveal Its Prognostic Value and Potential Functions in Ovarian Cancer
Authors: Xie Zhihui , Yang Tiantian , Zhou Chuchu , Xue Zixin , Wang Jianjun , Lu Feng 
Published: November 2024

ABSTRACTNLRP12 plays a significant role in cellular functional behavior and immune homeostasis, influencing inflammation, tumorigenesis, and prognosis. This study aimed to explore its specific effects on the tumor microenvironment (TME) and its contribution to heterogeneity in ovarian cancer (OV) through bioinformatics analysis and experimental verification. Utilizing various bioinformatics databases and clinical specimens, we investigated NLRP12 expression and its relationship with OV prognosis and immune infiltration. In vitro assays were conducted to assess the impact of NLRP12 on the proliferation and invasion of OV cells. Our findings indicate that NLRP12 is upregulated in OV, with high expression correlating with a negative prognosis. Furthermore, NLRP12 expression demonstrated a positive correlation with the infiltration of various immune cells and the expression of immune checkpoint molecules in OV. Analysis of The Cancer Immunome Atlas (TCIA) database revealed that OV patients with lower NLRP12 expression may exhibit an enhanced response to immunotherapy, particularly CTLA4 blockers, a finding validated in animal experiments. Additionally, the study emphasized the role of NLRP12 in influencing the prognosis of OV patients by promoting epithelial‐mesenchymal transition (EMT) in ovarian cancer cells. Finally, we identified a potential therapeutic compound, Schisandrin B (Schi B), which decreases NLRP12 expression in ovarian cancer cells by binding to the transcription factor SPI1 associated with NLRP12. Our findings suggest that NLRP12 serves as a crucial immune‐related biomarker predicting poor outcomes in OV, and targeting NLRP12 may represent a promising therapeutic approach for OV patients in the future.
Plant‐Derived Natural Products and Their Nano Transformation: A Sustainable Option Towards Desert Locust Infestations
Authors: Mangundu Patrick , Makaudi Rebaone , Paumo Hugues Kamdem , Ramalapa Bathabile , Tshweu Lesego , Raleie Naledi , Katata‐Seru Lebogang 
Published: November 2024

AbstractThe desert locust has been recognized as the most devastating migratory pest in the world. Swarms of this pest have been threatening vast regions of pastures and crops in Africa, Middle East, and South Asia. The biological management of expanding swarms has become a strategy of particular interest due to environmental awareness and economic issues associated with chemical pesticides. The present review aims to explore the latest updates and information about pesticidal plants that are distributed across Africa. Searches on Web of Science, Google Scholar, PubMed, and Scopus databases from 2013–2024 revealed a total of 22 plant species probed for insecticidal activities against desert locusts. The formulation, active ingredients, and biological effects of essential oils and other extracts from these plants are presented. Despite the promising anti‐insecticidal effects of the plant extracts and compounds, issues related to their solubility and instability under environmental conditions have been observed. To address such major quality defects, methods for the encapsulation of plant natural products within nanostructures are detailed. Given the presence of bioactive compounds with nucleophiles bearing functional groups, the reported plant extracts have been exploited to fabricate metal nanoparticles with inherent insecticidal activities. In this paper, a holistic overview of prepared phytochemical‐coated metal nanopesticides is also presented. In summary, this study offers insights into the integration of nanoformulated natural resources as a more sustainable option to control desert locust invasions.
Understanding the influence of configurations and intermolecular interaction on thermomechanical and dynamics properties of polymer–clay nanocomposites via molecular dynamics simulations
Authors: Nie Wenjian , Zhang Boshan , Xie Dongchi 
Published: November 2024

AbstractPolymer‐clay nanocomposites (PCNs) have emerged as highly versatile structural materials that possess exceptional thermomechanical and dynamic properties, all the while retaining their inherent attributes of being lightweight and optically clear. The fabrication of nanocomposites involves the incorporation of carefully calibrated quantities of clay nanofillers into polymer matrixes. Current research expands upon existing coarse‐grained (CG) models of nanoclay and poly (methyl methacrylate) (PMMA) and utilize molecular dynamics simulations to methodically explore the thermomechanical characteristics of PCNs. Specifically, the effects of exfoliated and stacked configurations of nanoclays, as well as variations in intermolecular interactions between the nanoclay and polymer constituents were tested. Tensile and shear simulations, as well as interfacial behaviors, are conducted. The intermolecular interaction could have significant influences on Shear Modulus and Young's Modulus, and those influences have their characteristics due to different configurations and different force directions, such as in most cases, exfoliated structures exhibit higher mechanical modulus compared with stacked configurations at varying interaction strengths. Additionally, in the in‐plane direction, they demonstrate stronger resistance effects compared with the out‐of‐plane direction. The interaction between PMMA and nanoclay slows down the global dynamics of PMMA, with a stronger effect observed for higher interaction strength. The impact of nanoclay on the segmental dynamics of PMMA decreases as we move away from the nanoclay layers toward the pure PMMA matrix. These findings provide molecular insights into the arrangement of components in PCNs during deformation and highlight the significance of nanoclay and the interface in determining their mechanical and dynamic properties.Highlights
Variation patterns of mechanical modulus with interactions and configurations.
The property difference in mechanical modulus due to configurations.
Positive correlation between polymer Tg and intermolecular interaction.
Global and local confinement effects on molecular stiffness during tension.
Dynamical heterogeneity behavior on different interactions and temperatures.
Mechanical properties and failure mechanisms of 3D layer‐to‐layer interlock woven composites
Authors: Wei Jiahui , Zhang Yifan , Feng Jiading , Guo Qiwei , Zou Qi , Shi Dongjie , Zhang Daijun , Wu Xiaojia , Sun Zheng , Guo Junhua , Jiao Yanan , Chen Li 
Published: November 2024

AbstractThree‐dimensional layer‐to‐layer interlock woven composites (3D LTLIWCs) have been widely used in various aero‐engine blade models because of their excellent near‐net forming capabilities for complex components, as well as significant advantages in structural design flexibility and high damage tolerance. In this paper, a typical and two new 3D LTLIWCs, specifically including 1/3 twill (S‐I), modified satin (S‐II), and stuffer twill (S‐III), were manufactured by two design methods: varying interweaving frequency and introducing stuffer yarns. Three‐point bending and uniaxial tensile tests were conducted along the 0° (warp) and 90° (weft) directions. The damage morphology and failure mechanism of the specimens were revealed by nondestructive testing technology and topological structure analysis. The results showed that the fabric structure significantly influenced the mechanical properties and failure mechanisms of the 3D LTLIWCs. Compared with S‐I and S‐II, S‐III demonstrated a 17.9%–80.2% increase in bending strength and a 35.3%–162.8% increase in tensile strength in the 0° direction, while the bending strength and tensile strength in the 90° direction increased by 1.1%–73.3% and 9.3%–50.4%, respectively. Notably, S‐III exhibited lower bending and tensile damage in the 0° direction than S‐I and S‐II, with a smaller propagation range of resin and interface cracks and less severe shear fracture of the load‐bearing yarns. This study can provide a useful reference for the optimal design of fabric structure for 3D woven composite blades.Highlights
Two design schemes for optimizing 3D LTLI fabric structure were compared.
Introducing stuffer yarns improved the mechanical properties of 3D LTLIWCs.
S‐III composites exhibited the highest failure strength in all test directions.
Full‐field strain distribution was closely related to the interlocking patterns.
Fabric structures had a great influence on the failure modes of 3D LTLIWCs.
Flexural and low‐velocity behavior of GFPP/DP980 honeycomb sandwich structure inspired by fiber metal laminates
Authors: Lin Yanyan , Xiao Chufan , Li Huaguan , Zhang Xiaofan , Hou Yingzhao , Tao Jie 
Published: November 2024

AbstractWith the rapid development of electric vehicles, a hybrid composite structure has been designed for the battery pack bottom guard to enhance impact resistance and reduce weight. The glass fiber‐reinforced polypropylene (GFPP)/DP980 honeycomb sandwich structure consists of GFPP panels with a polypropylene honeycomb core. DP980 advanced high‐strength steel plate is encapsulated within the structure, inspired by fiber metal laminates. A lightweight and high‐strength sandwich composite lay‐up solution was determined through equivalent bending stiffness theory, finite element simulation and experiment. An asymmetric sandwich structure with the steel plate on the impacted side enhanced flexural strength and ductility, demonstrating different failure sequences and a higher bending strength of 77.64 MPa compared to 50.18 MPa when the steel plate was on the unimpacted side. As impact energy increased from 100 to 200 J, the sandwich structure showed higher peak impact load, deeper craters, and increased bulge height, with significant delamination up to 175 J, while gravel impact tests revealed minimal flexural strength reduction (4.92%) even after repeated impacts. This study confirms that the use of thermoplastic sandwich structures is a viable and promising option for crash safety and the lightweight design of battery pack bottom guards.Highlights
The thermoplastic honeycomb sandwich structure is polypropylene‐based.
The use of advanced high strength steel is inspired by fiber metal laminates.
Both thickness and surface density are considered in the structural design.
The steel plate placed on the impacted side improves the flexural behavior.
The sandwich structure has excellent impact resistance and lightweight level.