bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Achiral Trisubstituted Thioureas as Secondary Ligands to CuI Catalysts: Direct Catalytic Asymmetric Addition of α‐Fluoronitriles to Imines
Authors: Balaji Pandur Venkatesan , Brewitz Lennart , Kumagai Naoya , Shibasaki Masakatsu 
Published: November 2018

AbstractThioureas have emerged as effective hydrogen‐bonding catalysts over the last two decades, and they are broadly utilized in asymmetric catalysis. We report that achiral trisubstituted thioureas function as beneficial secondary ligands to CuI catalysts, thereby enabling highly diastereo‐ and enantioselective addition of α‐fluoronitriles to imines. The structure of the thiourea significantly affects the reaction outcome, and kinetic experiments indicate that the thioureas enhance the stereocontrol by binding to the CuI complex. The reaction products can be readily transformed into valuable β‐amino acid derivatives bearing a fluorinated tetrasubstituted stereogenic center.
Characterization and property investigation of novel eco‐friendly agar/carrageenan/TiO2nanocomposite films
Authors: Hou X. , Xue Z. , Liu J. , Yan M. , Xia Y. , Ma Z. 
Published: November 2018

ABSTRACTAgar/kappa carrageenan (AG/CA) nanocomposite films are prepared using thermal casting method in the presence of various concentrations of nano‐TiO2(0.5, 1, 1.5, and 2 g/100 g). As nano‐TiO2content rises from 0 to 1 g/100 g, tensile strength (TS) increases from 30.8 to 60.6 MPa. However, TS decreases gradually as nano‐TiO2content further raises. TS of films containing 1 g/100 g nano‐TiO2increases by 96.8% when compared to those prepared without nano‐TiO2. The reason may be related to the formation of intermolecular hydrogen bonding and coordinate bonds between nano‐TiO2and matrix molecules. Elongation at break decreases gradually as nano‐TiO2concentration increases. The addition of nano‐TiO2improves barrier properties of films against ultraviolet light, while it decreases their transparency. Swelling and water solubility of the films containing 1 g/100 g nano‐TiO2decrease, further demonstrating that interaction forces are formed between nano‐TiO2and matrix molecules. The addition of nano‐TiO2significantly declines water vapor permeability. Overall, films containing 1 g/100 g nano‐TiO2show the best mechanical, optical, and water resistance properties. © 2018 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Appl. Polym. Sci.2019,136, 47113.
Electrical properties of polycarbonate/expanded graphite nanocomposites
Authors: Gupta A. , Goyal R. K. 
Published: November 2018

ABSTRACTIn present study, polymer matrix nanocomposites based on polycarbonate as matrix and expanded graphite (EG) as reinforcement were fabricated using a simple solution method followed by hot pressing. Scanning electron microscopy revealed almost uniform dispersion and three dimensional networks of EG particles in the matrix. The dc and ac electrical conductivities of the nanocomposites increased with increasing EG content in the matrix. The electrical percolation threshold was observed between 1 and 2 wt % EG. The improvement in the conductivity of 10 wt % nanocomposite was found more than 13 orders of magnitude higher than that of pure matrix. The dielectric constant (at 1 MHz) of the nanocomposite containing 10 wt % EG was increased to about 137. The significant increase in electrical conductivity, dielectric constant, and dissipation factor for the nanocomposites might be good for the applications in antistatic/electromagnetic interference shielding applications. © 2018 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Appl. Polym. Sci. 2019, 136, 47274.
Evaluating the presence of interspecific hybrids of the sorubims Pseudoplatystoma corruscans and Pseudoplatystoma reticulatum in the middle and inferior Paraná and Uruguay rivers using genetic markers
Authors: Marquez Alejandro , Tourinho Julia L. , Errico Eugenia , Pereira Alfredo N. 
Published: November 2018

Abstract

The presence of hybrids in the wild represents a threat to the integrity of species. In nature, sympatric species with the capacity to hybridize have mechanisms to prevent introgression, but hybrids originating from aquaculture may pose a threat to natural populations by inevitable escapes from captivity and their interaction with pure individuals in the wild. Given the increased vigour of these hybrids, they may compete better than native individuals.
The species of the genus Pseudoplatystoma, commonly named sorubims, are some of the most emblematic species of the La Plata River basin, and are an important part of fisheries and aquaculture in the region.
In this work, nuclear and mitochondrial genetic markers were used to evaluate the presence of hybrids in the lower La Plata River basin. Although hybrids of Pseudoplatystoma corruscans and Pseudoplatystoma reticulatum were previously detected in the upper Paraná and Paraguay rivers in Brazil, the presence of hybrids is here extended to the middle section of the Paraná River in Argentina. Hybrids were not found in the lower Paraná River or in the lower and middle sectors of the Uruguay River.
This result has implications for conservation, as it shows the impact of the aquaculture of sorubims in the Paraná River, although apparently they have not yet affected the lower and middle Uruguay River.
An accurate and reproducible method for simultaneous determination of four flavonoids in EtOAc extracts from Sophora flavescens Ait. in rat plasma based on UHPLC Q‐Exactive Mass spectrometry: Application to a pharmacokinetics study
Authors: Chen Lei , Zhao Linlin , Cai Wei , Shao Jing , Huang Xiaobin , Liu Yi 
Published: November 2018

AbstractIn previous studies, it was revealed that ethyl acetate (EtOAc) extracts from Sophora flavescens Ait. improved glucose tolerance, reduced hyperglycemia, and restored insulin levels in diabetic patients. The aim of this study was to develop an accurate and sensitive UHPLC–MS method for simultaneous determination of flavonoids in EtOAc extracts of Kushen in rat plasma. Ethyl acetate–acetonitrile (2:1) was selected as the solvent to extract the four flavonoids from rat plasma. A BEH C18 column (2.1 mm × 100 mm, 1.7 μm) with a C18 guard cartridge was chosen as the separation plant using a gradient elution with acetonitrile (solvent A) and 0.1% formic acid (solvent B) in water. For all four analytes, the method showed good linearity (r2 > 0.991) in 1–500 ng/mL. The inter‐ and intra‐day accuracy ranged from −13.78 to 7.19%, and the precision (RSD) was <8.75%. Recoveries of all four flavonoids ranged from 85.9 to 101.3%. According to the results of multitarget pharmacokinetic studies, four active flavonoids in EtOAc extracts from Kushen have similar absorption kinetics but very different metabolic kinetics, and a double peak phenomenon was observed in the concentration–time curve of norkurarinone, which is different from the previous study. In conclusion, detection and multitarget pharmacokinetic studies successfully determined active flavonoids after oral administration of EtOAc extracts from Kushen by an efficient, sensitive and selective UHPLC–MS method, and the results may provide a foundation for future studies of Kushen.
A New Minimally Invasive Approach for Treating Peri‐Implantitis
Authors: Wilson Thomas G. 
Published: November 2018

IntroductionThere is concern that peri‐implant bone loss may be associated with a foreign body reaction to cement and/or titanium particles. Previously described treatment approaches aimed at regenerating bone around an implant do not address the removal of these foreign bodies.Case PresentationA new videoscope‐assisted minimally invasive approach for bone regeneration is described which is designed to remove any tissue embedded foreign bodies before the placement of bone regenerative material. Following removal of the soft tissue adjacent to the area of bone loss, the defect is filled with demineralized freeze‐dried bone allograft mixed with enamel matrix derivative. The use of the videoscope allows this procedure to be performed using very small incisions. The case presented shows improved clinical and radiographic outcomes.ConclusionThe method described here allows visualization of implant surfaces and the surrounding tissues, which may improve clinical and radiographic outcomes.
Framing effects of per‐person versus aggregate prices in group meals
Authors: Ku Hsuan‐Hsuan , Hung Ya‐Chun 
Published: November 2018

AbstractThis research draws on regulatory focus theory and applies it to the context of price framing in group meals. Specifically, it examines the possibility that a per‐person framing of price (an aggregate price) may activate a promotion focus (prevention focus) in consumers. The results of five experiments show that participants (a) generated more promotion‐relevant (vs. prevention‐relevant) thoughts, (b) were more inclined to consume the group meal when a persistent focus on promotion (vs. prevention) was exhibited, (c) rated promotion‐focused (vs. prevention‐focused) messages more favorably, and (d) reported a higher intention to opt for an offer where the chance of obtaining a positive goal was enhanced, in response to a per‐person price rather than an aggregate price. Mediation analyses provide additional evidence for the notion that pursuit of promotion goals (prevention goals), which relate to obtaining value (avoiding loss) primed by a per‐person price (an aggregate price), had the effect of regulating one's choices. Managerial implications of the findings are discussed, followed by recommendations for future research.
Tailoring the Surface Structure of Silicon Carbide Support for Copper Catalyzed Ethanol Dehydrogenation
Authors: Li Meng‐Yue , Lu Wen‐Duo , He Lei , Schüth Ferdi , Lu An‐Hui 
Published: November 2018

AbstractThe production of acetaldehyde through biomass‐derived ethanol dehydrogenation is a sustainable alternative compared to the fossil‐feedstock based process, for which Cu‐based catalysts are considered to be the most efficient. Herein, we modified the surface of silicon carbide (SiC) to alter the properties of the interface from SiO2‐rich to C‐rich, and we prepared a series of Cu‐supported catalysts (Cu/SiC, Cu/SiO2/SiC, and Cu/C/SiC) with the aim of insight into the effect of the interface structure and composition on catalytic dehydrogenation of ethanol. At 280 °C, the Cu/SiO2/SiC catalyst exhibits high ethanol conversion due to the excellent dispersion of Cu nanoparticles promoted by SiO2‐rich interface. In contrast, Cu nanoparticles dispersed on C/SiC shows somewhat lower activity but excellent acetaldehyde selectivity with trace amounts of by‐products under identical reaction conditions. This difference is attributed to the fast removal of acetaldehyde because of its low affinity for the relatively inert C‐rich interface (C/SiC). This work provides an in‐depth understanding of Cu−Si−C multi‐interfacial structure and the ethanol dehydrogenation behavior, which may shed light on the design of novel catalysts with tailored interfacial structures.
Iridium(III) Complex‐Based Activatable Probe for Phosphorescent/Time‐Gated Luminescent Sensing and Imaging of Cysteine in Mitochondria of Live Cells and Animals
Authors: Du Zhongbo , Zhang Run , Song Bo , Zhang Wenzhu , Wang Yong‐Lei , Liu Jianping , Liu Chaolong , Xu Zhi Ping , Yuan Jingli 
Published: November 2018

AbstractThis study reports an activatable iridium(III) complex probe for phosphorescence/time‐gated luminescence detection of cysteine (Cys) in vitro and in vivo. The probe, [Ir(ppy)2(NTY‐bpy)](PF6) [ppy: 2‐phenylpyridine; NTY‐bpy: 4‐methyl‐4′‐(2‐nitrovinyl)‐2,2′‐bipyridine], is developed by incorporating a strong electron‐withdrawing group, nitroolefin, into a bipyridine ligand of the IrIII complex. The luminescence of the probe is quenched owing to the intramolecular charge transfer (ICT) process, but switched on by a specific recognition reaction between the probe and Cys. [Ir(ppy)2(NTY‐bpy)](PF6) shows high sensitivity and selectivity for Cys detection and good biocompatibility. The long‐lived emission of [Ir(ppy)2(NTY‐bpy)](PF6) allows time‐gated luminescence analysis of Cys in cells and human sera. These properties make it convenient for the phosphorescence and time‐gated luminescence imaging and flow cytometry analysis of Cys in live samples. The Cys images in cancer cells and inflamed macrophage cells reveal that [Ir(ppy)2(NTY‐bpy)](PF6) is distributed in mitochondria after cellular internalization. Visualizations and flow cytometry analysis of mitochondrial Cys levels and Cys‐mediated redox activities of live cells are achieved. By using [Ir(ppy)2(NTY‐bpy)](PF6) as a probe, in vivo sensing and imaging of Cys in D. magna, zebrafish, and mice are then demonstrated.
Response to cardiac resynchronization therapy in non‐ischemic cardiomyopathy is unrelated to medical therapy
Authors: Sinner Gregory , Omar Hesham R. , Lin You W. , Elayi Samy C. , Guglin Maya E. 
Published: November 2018

IntroductionCurrent guidelines recommend at least 3 months of guideline‐directed medical therapy (GDMT) for patients with a new onset of non‐ischemic cardiomyopathy (NICM) and left bundle branch block (LBBB) prior to cardiac resynchronization therapy (CRT). For patients who do not receive optimal GDMT, response to CRT is unknown.MethodsPatients with NICM and LBBB with QRS ≥ 120 ms were identified among all patients who underwent CRT. Patients who received GDMT for ≥ 3 months before CRT were compared to those who did not. Among 38 patients who met inclusion criteria, 24 received optimal GDMT prior to implantation (Group 1) and 14 did not (Group 2).ResultsQRS narrowing occurred in Group 1 (160 ± 9 ms to 138 ± 20 ms, P = 0.001) and Group 2 (160 ± 17 ms to 139 ± 30 ms, P = 0.021). Left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) improvement occurred in Group 1 (21.3 ± 5.9% to 34.4 ± 13.9%, P < 0.001) and Group 2 (18.8 ± 4.7% to 31.1 ± 13%, P = 0.010). QRS interval and LVEF changes were similar between groups (P = NS). There was a trend towards greater CRT response in women than in men, although differences did not reach statistical significance.ConclusionIn patients with NICM and LBBB, CRT is associated with improvements in LV size and function independent of prior GDMT. The ability of resynchronization to improve LVEF without GDMT suggests that CRT without waiting 3 months for GDMT optimization may benefit some patients with NICM and LBBB.
Cytopathologic characteristics of HPV‐related small cell carcinoma of the oropharynx
Authors: Allison Derek B. , Rooper Lisa M. , Mustafa Sara , Maleki Zahra , Wakely Paul E. , Ali Syed Z. 
Published: November 2018

AbstractBackgroundHuman papillomavirus (HPV)–related squamous cell carcinoma (SqCC) of the oropharynx is an epidemiologically and clinically distinct form of SqCC that is associated with an improved prognosis. However, HPV‐related small cell carcinoma of the oropharynx is a rare and newly described variant that is associated with aggressive clinical behavior and poor outcomes. To date, fewer than 2 dozen reports of this entity exist in the literature, and there is no discussion of cytopathologic features. This article reports 6 cases and discusses the salient cytomorphologic findings, ancillary studies, and challenges when this entity is encountered.MethodsAnatomic pathology archives were searched to identify patients with a diagnosis of HPV‐related small cell carcinoma of the oropharynx. Medical records were reviewed to document the following: age, sex, smoking status, other relevant clinical history, primary location, treatment, and clinical outcome. Both p16 and high‐risk HPV in situ hybridization (ISH) studies were positive in at least 1 specimen from each patient. The pathologic diagnoses, cytomorphologic characteristics, immunocytochemical stains, and HPV ISH studies were reviewed and recorded for all available cases.ResultsSix patients with 11 cytopathology specimens of HPV‐related small cell carcinoma of the oropharynx were identified. The mean age was 61.3 years, and all patients died with widely metastatic disease (mean, 23 months; range, 12‐48 months). Mixed small cell carcinoma and SqCC components were present in half of the cases.ConclusionsThe identification of a small cell component can be reliably performed with cytology preparations and is crucial because this (and not the HPV status) determines the prognosis.
IL‐37: An anti‐inflammatory cytokine with antitumor functions
Authors: Mei Yu , Liu Haiyan 
Published: November 2018

AbstractBackgroundIL‐37 is a newly identified IL‐1 family cytokine. Unlike other members in IL‐1 family, IL‐37 has been demonstrated to be an anti‐inflammatory cytokine in many inflammatory and autoimmune diseases. IL‐37 is regarded as a dual‐function cytokine as both the extracellular and intracellular IL‐37 are biologically functional. Extracellular IL‐37 can bind to IL‐18Rα and IL‐1R8 to form a triple complex, regulating the downstream STAT3 and PTEN signaling. Intracellular IL‐37 can interact with Smad3, translocate into nucleus, and regulate downstream target gene expressions. Recently, the role of IL‐37 in tumor development has been extensively studied.Recent findingsIL‐37 has been found to play an antitumor role in various types of tumors, such as non‐small cell lung cancer, hepatocellular carcinoma, and renal cell carcinoma. Many mechanism studies have been carried out to elaborate the possible effects of IL‐37 on tumor growth, immune responses, and tumor angiogenesis. More importantly, the function of IL‐37 may be dependent on its concentration and receptor expression. It can form dimers at high concentrations to be inactivated, thus inhibiting its anti‐inflammatory function. We focused on the role of IL‐37 in various tumor types and provided the hypothesis regarding the underlying mechanisms.ConclusionIL‐37 may affect tumor development through multiple mechanisms: (1) IL‐37 directly influences tumor cell viability; (2) IL‐37 regulates the immune response to promote the antitumor immunity; and (3) IL‐37 suppresses tumor angiogenesis in the tumor microenvironment. Future studies are warranted to further investigate the mechanisms of these multifaceted functions of IL‐37 in animal models and cancer patients.
Hue and warm‐cool feeling as the visual resemblance criteria for iso‐CCT judgment
Authors: Oh Semin , KWAK Youngshin 
Published: November 2018

AbstractThe hue perception and ‘warm‐cool’ feelings were investigated, in response to various lighting settings, following the adaptation to either 3500K or 5000K to compare which one—between conventional iso‐Correlated Color Temperature (CCT) and a new one based on CIE u'v′ color space—is more compatible with the visual perception. Twenty participants evaluated hue and warm‐cool feelings for 48 test lighting settings, by observing an empty gray booth. The results showed that yellow‐blue and ‘warm‐cool’ feelings are closely located around the Planckian locus, while red‐green roughly follows the line orthogonal to the Planckian locus in CIE u'v′ color space, at both 3500 K and 5000 K settings. This suggests that u'v′ color space correlates better with human perception.
BODIPY‐Based Semiconducting Materials for Organic Bulk Heterojunction Photovoltaics and Thin‐Film Transistors
Authors: Ho Dongil , Ozdemir Resul , Kim Hyungsug , Earmme Taeshik , Usta Hakan , Kim Choongik 
Published: November 2018

AbstractThe rapid emergence of organic (opto)electronics as a promising alternative to conventional (opto)electronics has been achieved through the design and development of novel π‐conjugated systems. Among various semiconducting structural platforms, 4,4‐difluoro‐4‐bora‐3a,4a‐diaza‐s‐indacene (BODIPY) π‐systems have recently attracted attention for use in organic thin‐films transistors (OTFTs) and organic photovoltaics (OPVs). This Review article provides an overview of the developments in the past 10 years on the structural design and synthesis of BODIPY‐based organic semiconductors and their application in OTFT/OPV devices. The findings summarized and discussed here include the most recent breakthroughs in BODIPYs with record‐high charge carrier mobilities and power conversion efficiencies (PCEs). The most up‐to‐date design rationales and discussions providing a strong understanding of structure‐property‐function relationships in BODIPY‐based semiconductors are presented. Thus, this review is expected to inspire new research for future materials developments/applications in this family of molecules.
Role of fine needle aspiration cytology in the management of supraclavicular lymph node metastasis: Review of our experience
Authors: Fernández Aceñero Mª Jesús , Caso Viesca Ana , Díaz del Arco Cristina 
Published: November 2018

Introduction
In the 19th century Virchow described that metastasis to left supraclavicular lymph nodes (SLN) could originate in neoplasms located under the diaphragm. In the same way, right SLN metastasis are usually thought to arise from thoracic neoplasms. Our aims are to review our experience with metastatic SLN diagnosed by fine‐needle aspiration cytology (FNAC) and to discuss the location of the primary in these cases.MethodsWe have reviewed all lymph node FNACs diagnosed in a single tertiary hospital between 2010 and 2017 and we have included all cases of metastatic SLN.ResultsWe have found 57 cases of SLN FNAC with a diagnosis of malignancy, 39 of which had no previous diagnosis (17 left, 20 right and 2 bilateral SLN). The most frequent diagnosis were adenocarcinoma, squamous cell carcinoma and small cell carcinoma. Right and bilateral SLN showed mainly lung metastasis. Left lesions were more widely distributed, with 11 originating in the lung, followed by the breast, gastroesophageal junction and prostate gland. In two cases, the primary origin was not identified. In SLN with metastasis of a known origin, the main source of the tumor was again the lung and only one case originated in the stomach (left SLN metastasis).ConclusionsThe origin of SLN metastasis seems to be dependent on both the frequency of tumor types in each geographic area and tumor location. Left SLN are more frequently involved by infradiaphragmatic primary tumors, while right SLN are exclusively involved by supradiaphragmatic neoplasms.
Male courtship preference during seasonal sympatry may maintain population divergence
Authors: Kimmitt Abigail A. , Dietz Samantha L. , Reichard Dustin G. , Ketterson Ellen D. 
Published: November 2018

AbstractAnimal migration can lead to a population distribution known as seasonal sympatry, in which closely‐related migrant and resident populations of the same species co‐occur in sympatry during part of the year, but are otherwise allopatric. During seasonal sympatry in early spring, residents may initiate reproduction before migrants depart, presenting an opportunity for gene flow. Differences in reproductive timing between migrant and resident populations may favor residents that exhibit preferences for potential mates of similar migratory behavior and reproductive timing, thus maintaining population divergence. We studied dark‐eyed juncos (Junco hyemalis), a songbird that exhibits seasonal sympatry. We conducted simulated courtship interactions in which we presented free‐living resident males with either a caged migrant or resident female and quantified courtship behavior prior to the departure of the migrants. We found that resident males preferred to court resident females: they sang more short‐range songs and exhibited more visual displays associated with courtship when presented with resident females. We conclude that males distinguish between migrant and resident females during seasonal sympatry when the risk of interacting with non‐reproductive, migrant females is high. Male mate choice in seasonal sympatry is likely adaptive for male reproductive success. As a secondary effect, male mating preference could act to maintain or promote divergence between populations that differ in migratory strategy.