bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Differential expression profiling of lncRNAs related to Epstein‐Barr virus infection in the epithelial cells
Authors: Zhang Jing , Zhang Siwei , Zuo Lielian , Yue Wenxing , Li Shen , Xin Shuyu , Liu Lingzhi , Lu Jianhong 
Published: June 2019

AbstractEpstein‐Barr virus (EBV) is a prevalent γ‐herpesvirus associated with a variety of cancers, including epithelial nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) and gastric carcinoma (GC). Long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) are emerging as powerful regulators that have demonstrated to play crucial roles in cancer development. In this approach, based on genome‐wide RNA sequencing, we examined the lncRNA expression profiles in four EBV genome‐infected and EBV‐negative 293 cells. A series of lncRNAs were found to be dysregulated in a comparative analysis. Then, eight typical lncRNAs were selected for validation of expression levels by real‐time quantitative polymerase chain reaction and were detected in EBV‐positive or EBV‐negative GC and NPC cells. The differential expression patterns of the eight lncRNAs for validation were fundamentally identical to those revealed in RNA sequencing. Particularly, the differential expression of these lncRNAs in GC and NPC cells indicated their possible roles in EBV infection and tumorigenesis. In addition, a predicted lncRNA‐microRNA‐messenger RNA network suggested their potential interactions. This study reveals the first lncRNAome related to EBV infection in the epithelial cells and provides novel clues for the study of viral role in epithelial cancers through the interaction between EBV and host lncRNAs.
Trends in summer heatwaves in central Asia from 1917 to 2016: Association with large‐scale atmospheric circulation patterns
Authors: Yu Shuang , Yan Zhongwei , Freychet Nicolas , Li Zhen 
Published: June 2019

AbstractThe changes in the frequency, duration, and intensity of summer heatwaves over central Asia during the period 1917–2016 were studied. On average, the frequency, duration, and intensity of heatwaves showed significant positive trends during the period 1917–2016, with enhanced rates during the last 50 years. During 1967–2016, the heatwave indices increased significantly in most of central Asia, especially in the western part. The number of heatwaves has increased by 1.3 times since the 1960s. Remarkable changes in the frequency and duration of heatwaves occurred during the 1990s in association with the inter‐decadal shift in the Silk Road pattern of atmospheric circulation around 1997. The results based on the ERA‐Interim reanalysis data set were well‐matched with the station observations during the period 1979–2016, whereas those based on the NCEP‐NCAR data set were less well matched. Heatwaves in central Asia were closely related to a zonal wave circulation pattern at 500 hPa with a centre of positive geopotential height anomalies over central Asia. This anomalous circulation pattern was rapidly enhanced during the 1990s, suggesting that large‐scale patterns of atmospheric circulation had a role in modulating the occurrence of heatwaves in central Asia.
Anticipated changes to the snow season in Alaska: Elevation dependency, timing and extremes
Authors: Lader Rick , Walsh John E. , Bhatt Uma S. , Bieniek Peter A. 
Published: June 2019

AbstractSnowfall and snow season length across Alaska control the surface hydrology and underlying soil properties and also influence near‐surface air temperature by changing the energy balance. Current projections of warming suggest that considerable change will occur to key snow parameters, possibly contributing to extensive infrastructure damage from thawing permafrost, an increased frequency of rain‐on‐snow events and reduced soil recharge in the spring due to shallow end‐of‐winter snowpack. This study investigates projected changes to mean annual snowfall, dates of snow onset and snowmelt and extreme snowfall for Alaska, using dynamically downscaled reanalysis and climate model simulations. These include the ERA‐Interim reanalysis from 1981 to 2010, and two Coupled Model Intercomparison Project Phase 5 models: Community Climate System Model version 4 (CCSM4) and Geophysical Fluid Dynamics Laboratory Climate Model version 3 (GFDL‐CM3) from 1981 to 2100. The analysis is presented in 30‐year periods (i.e., 1981–2010, 2011–2040, 2041–2070 and 2071–2100) with the future scenarios from Representative Concentration Pathway 8.5. Late‐century projections of average annual snowfall at low elevations (0–1,000 m) show decreases of 41.3 and 40.6% for CCSM4 and GFDL‐CM3, respectively. At high elevations (1,000–2,000 m), the reductions are smaller at 13.5 and 14.2%, respectively. End‐of‐winter snow‐water equivalent displays reductions at all elevations in the future periods. Snow season length is shortened due to later snow onset and earlier snowmelt; many locations in southwest Alaska no longer experience continuous winter snowpack by the late‐century period. Maximum 2‐day snowfall amounts are projected to decrease near Anchorage and Nome, while Fairbanks and Utqiaġvik (Barrow) show no significant trend.
Optical tweezers combined with micro‐Raman investigation of alcohol‐induced changes on single, live red blood cells in blood plasma
Authors: Lukose Jijo , N Mithun , Mohan Ganesh , Shastry Shamee , Chidangil Santhosh 
Published: June 2019

AbstractAlcohol is commonly used as sterilizing agent in hospital settings. Alcohol abuse is also associated with numerous medical complications. It influences the coagulation mechanics and erythropoiesis. Optical tweezers are being extensively used in research labs for the trapping as well as manipulation of biological cells. The biochemical investigation of trapped biological cells can be realized with the integration of Raman spectroscopic technique with optical tweezers, which is termed as Raman tweezers. In this work, we interrogate the influence of ethanol exposure on human red blood cells at single cell level using micro‐Raman spectroscopy. In order to mimic in vivo condition to an extent, the experiment is performed by optically trapping the live cell in blood plasma. In the present work, a 785‐nm diode laser was used for trapping and probing of single, live red blood cell. An intensity deduction was noted for porphyrin breathing mode at 752 cm‐1 in the Raman spectra as a function of ethanol concentration, which indicates the depletion in hemoglobin. Hemoglobin deoxygenation process in the presence of alcohol is also evident from the variations in major oxygenation marker bands at 1,209; 1,222; 1,544; 1,561 cm‐1, etc., in the Raman spectrum of red blood cell. The effect of alcohol on red blood cells in blood plasma induces membrane depletion and hemoglobin degradation. This is also accompanied by the conversion of oxygenated hemoglobin to more deoxygenated state. Present study has also demonstrated the capability of micro‐Raman spectroscopy as a promising tool for probing red blood cell oxygenation status.
Development of a colloidal gold strip‐based immunochromatographic assay for rapid detection of Fusarium oxysporum in ginger
Authors: Ray Monalisa , Achary K Gopinath , Nayak Sanghamitra , Singh Shikha 
Published: June 2019

AbstractBACKGROUNDRhizome rot, caused primarily by Fusarium oxysporum, is one of the most destructive diseases leading to significant loss in ginger worldwide. The loss can be greatly reduced by proper disease management practices steered by accurate and early diagnosis of pathogens. Pathogen detection at an early stage of infection can also reduce the incidence of disease epidemics. Classical methods are often time consuming, relying on culturing the putative pathogens and the availability of expert taxonomic skills for accurate identification, which leads to the delayed application of control measures. The development of a simple, rapid, sensitive and cost‐effective point‐of‐care diagnostic tool is thus one of the major research priorities for rhizome rot.RESULTSThe 65 kDa, immunoreactive protein band was selected as a diagnostic marker and was subjected to MS analysis followed by blastp. Based on blast result, a synthetic antigenic peptide was synthesized, and used to generate pAbs. The peptide‐specific antibodies were used to develop a colloidal gold immunochromatographic assay (ICA). The sensitivity, specificity, and accuracy of ICA were 92.59%, 81.25%, and 90%, respectively. The ICA has a visual detection limit of 2.122 μg mL−1 for infected rhizome samples and 5.065 μg mL−1 for leaf samples with optimal detection time within 5 min. Moreover, the ICA also detected early stage infected samples, of which 71.42% (50/70) were true positives.CONCLUSIONFindings from this study indicated that the assay can be utilized as a tool for the investigation of rhizome rot infection in field samples. © 2019 Society of Chemical Industry
The degree of sclerosis is associated with prognosis in well‐differentiated liposarcoma of the retroperitoneum
Authors: Chrisinger John S. A. , Al‐Zaid Tariq , Keung Emily Z. , Leung Cheuk , Lin Heather Y. , Roland Christina L. , Torres Keila E. , Benjamin Robert S. , Ingram Davis R. , Khan Samia , Somaiah Neeta , Amini Behrang , Feig Barry W. , Lazar Alexander J. , Wang Wei‐Lien 
Published: June 2019

AbstractBackground and ObjectivesWell‐differentiated liposarcomas (WDL) are often partly composed of sclerotic tissue, however, the amount varies widely between tumors, and its prognostic significance is unknown. We hypothesized that tumors with more sclerosis would behave more aggressively.MethodsPrimary retroperitoneal WDL from 29 patients resected at our institution with follow‐up were histologically evaluated by soft tissue pathologists blinded to outcome. Tumors with ≥ 10% sclerosis were designated “sclerotic” while tumors with < 10% sclerosis were designated as “minimally sclerotic”. Cellular and dedifferentiated tumors were excluded. Clinical parameters and radiologic assessments on computed tomography (CT) were recorded.ResultsHistological evaluation identified 13 minimally sclerotic WDL and 16 sclerotic WDL. Median follow‐up was 9 years (range, 3‐20). Median recurrence‐free survival (RFS) and median overall survival (OS) were 6.16 and 13.9 years, respectively. Compared with patients with sclerotic WDL, those with minimally sclerotic WDL had superior RFS (HR = 0.17 [95% CI, 0.06‐0.53], P = .002) and OS (log‐rank test, P = .002). Sclerotic WDL exhibited higher Houndsfield Units than minimally sclerotic WDL (26 vs 1, P = .040).ConclusionsMinimally sclerotic WDL were associated with more favorable outcome compared with sclerotic tumors. Assessment of sclerosis in WDL is likely a useful prognostic marker.
Targeted muscle reinnervation in oncologic amputees: Early experience of a novel institutional protocol
Authors: Alexander John H. , Jordan Sumanas W. , West Julie M. , Compston Amy , Fugitt Jennifer , Bowen J. Byers , Dumanian Gregory A. , Pollock Raphael , Mayerson Joel L. , Scharschmidt Thomas J. , Valerio Ian L. 
Published: June 2019

AbstractBackgroundWe describe a multidisciplinary approach for comprehensive care of amputees with concurrent targeted muscle reinnervation (TMR) at the time of amputation.MethodsOur TMR cohort was compared to a cross‐sectional sample of unselected oncologic amputees not treated at our institution (N = 58). Patient‐Reported Outcomes Measurement Information System (NRS, PROMIS) were used to assess postamputation pain.ResultsThirty‐one patients underwent amputation with concurrent TMR during the study; 27 patients completed pain surveys; 15 had greater than 1 year follow‐up (mean follow‐up 14.7 months). Neuroma symptoms occurred significantly less frequently and with less intensity among the TMR cohort. Mean differences for PROMIS pain intensity, behavior, and interference for phantom limb pain (PLP) were 5.855 (95%CI 1.159‐10.55; P = .015), 5.896 (95%CI 0.492‐11.30; P = .033), and 7.435 (95%CI 1.797‐13.07; P = .011) respectively, with lower scores for TMR cohort. For residual limb pain, PROMIS pain intensity, behavior, and interference mean differences were 5.477 (95%CI 0.528‐10.42; P = .031), 6.195 (95%CI 0.705‐11.69; P = .028), and 6.816 (95%CI 1.438‐12.2; P = .014), respectively. Fifty‐six percent took opioids before amputation compared to 22% at 1 year postoperatively.ConclusionsMultidisciplinary care of amputees including concurrent amputation and TMR, multimodal postoperative pain management, amputee‐centered rehabilitation, and peer support demonstrates reduced incidence and severity of neuroma and PLP.
Comprehensive characterization of multiple components and metabolites of Xiaojin Capsule based on ultra high performance liquid chromatography coupled with quadrupole time‐of‐flight mass spectrometry
Authors: Qi Xiaopo , Wang Xinyu , Cheng Taofang , Wu Qiuling , Mi Nan , Mu Xuemei , Guo Xin , Zhao Gang , Huang Zhijun , Ye Ji , Zhang Weidong 
Published: June 2019

AbstractXiaojin Capsule, a classic traditional Chinese medicine formula, has been used to treat mammary cancer, thyroid nodules, and hyperplasia of the mammary glands. However, its systematic chemical information remained unclear, which hindered the interpretation of the pharmacology and the mechanism of action of this drug. In this research, an ultra high performance liquid chromatography coupled with a quadrupole time‐of‐flight mass spectrometry method was developed to identify the complicated components and metabolites of Xiaojin Capsule. Two acquisition modes, including the MSEnergy mode and fast data directed acquisition mode, were utilized for chemical profiling. As a result, 156 compounds were unambiguously or tentatively identified by comparing their retention times and mass spectrometry data with those of reference standards or literature. After the oral administration of Xiaojin Capsule, 53 constituents, including 24 prototype compounds and 29 metabolites, were detected in rat plasma. The obtained results were beneficial for a better understanding of the therapeutic basis of Xiaojin Capsule. A high‐resolution and efficient separation method was firstly established for systematically characterizing the compounds of Xiaojin Capsule and the associated metabolites in vivo, which could be helpful for quality control and pharmacokinetic studies of this medicine.
Patterns of Comorbidity Among Bereaved Family Members 14 Years after the September 11th, 2001, Terrorist Attacks
Authors: Cozza Stephen J. , Fisher Joscelyn E. , Fetchet Mary A. , Chen Shenglin , Zhou Jing , Fullerton Carol S. , Ursano Robert J. 
Published: June 2019

AbstractStudies of terrorism‐related deaths are few and mostly focus on short‐term effects. To characterize long‐term bereavement outcomes, including resilience/recovery and patterns of comorbidity, following the September 11, 2001 (9/11), terrorist attacks, we report mental health conditions and grief‐related impairment in 454 9/11 bereaved family members. In addition, the contribution of non‐9/11 lifetime traumas, pre‐9/11 mental health conditions, post‐9/11 interim life events, grief services, income adequacy, and social support were examined. Latent class analyses yielded three groups: healthy, comorbid without PTSD (comorbid/noPTSD), and comorbid with PTSD and impaired (comorbid/PTSD+I). Participants in the healthy group (66.1%) were least likely to meet thresholds for mental conditions, whereas those in the comorbid/noPTSD (21.3%) and comorbid/PTSD+I (12.6%) groups had higher probabilities of meeting depression, grief, and anxiety thresholds. These groups also endorsed more negatively valenced post‐9/11 interim life events than the healthy group: comorbid/noPTSD vs. healthy, odds ratio (OR) = 0.84, 95% CI [0.76, 0.94]; comorbid/PTSD+I vs. healthy, OR = 0.85, 95% CI [0.76, 0.96]. Comorbid/PTSD+I was the only group with elevated probabilities of meeting clinical thresholds for PTSD (.64) and grief‐related impairment (.94). This group was also more likely to include bereaved parents: comorbid/PTSD+I vs. healthy, OR = 12.96, 95% CI [1.97, 85.41]; comorbid/PTSD+I vs. comorbid/noPTSD, OR = 15.55, 95% CI [1.63, 148.41]); and to experience more non‐9/11 lifetime traumas: comorbid/PTSD+I vs. healthy, OR = 4.34, 95% CI [1.28, 14.70]; comorbid/PTSD+I vs. comorbid/noPTSD, OR = 6.54, 95% CI [1.53, 27.95]. Clinical and community programs should target this high‐risk group to identify individuals in need of services.
Rapid Polymerization of Aromatic Vinyl Monomers to Porous Organic Polymers via Acid Catalysis at Mild Condition
Authors: Cheng Guang , Wang Shaolei , He Jiang , Wang Ning , Tan Bien , Jin Shangbin 
Published: June 2019

AbstractPorous organic polymers (POPs) have enormous applications in various fields and thus have received a lot of research attention in recent decades. Numerous synthetic methods have been developed, but mild synthesis conditions and fast polymerization rate are highly desired. Herein, high porous POPs with high surface areas from aromatic vinyl monomers by using acid catalysis method is reported. The polymerization is ultrafast and could be accomplished even in 5 min at room temperature. Furthermore, the surface area can be tuned by using various acid catalysts and controlling the reaction time. Due to the high surface area, these POPs show promising adsorption of carbon dioxide and hydrogen, respectively. Furthermore, the large π‐system of the building block and high surface area of the POPs also make them show potential applications in photocatalytic hydrogen evolution as well as promising catalyst support for metal nanoparticles.
Low‐temperature annealing and graphitizing of white‐solidified low‐alloy cast irons
Authors: Kante S. , Leineweber A. , Holst A. , Buchwalder A. 
Published: June 2019

AbstractHypoeutectic iron‐carbon and iron‐carbon‐silicon model alloys as well as conventional cast irons GJL‐250mod and EN‐GJS‐600‐3 have been produced and processed by different solidification techniques, i. e. mold casting, electron beam surface remelting and melt spinning. The white‐solidified alloys exhibit different degrees of microstructural refinement indicated by a secondary dendrite arm spacing of 0.3 μm–12 μm. The effects of microstructural refinement and silicon content on the hardness as well as on coarsening of cementite and graphitizing at temperatures of 540 °C to 670 °C have been investigated. The hardness of the as‐solidified alloys increases with decreasing secondary dendrite arm spacing and increasing silicon content. High silicon content effectively retards coarsening of pearlitic cementite, and thus is beneficial to retain the hardness at small thermal load. On the downside, high degree of microstructural refinement and high silicon content promote and accelerate graphitizing at temperatures > 600 °C. The results are discussed in terms of the applicability of a recently developed two‐step surface treatment for cast irons, i. e. electron beam remelting followed by nitriding.
A study on microstructure of porous TiNbZr alloy produced as biomaterial
Authors: Kaya M. , Yakuphanoğlu F. 
Published: June 2019

AbstractIn the present study, titanium‐based biomaterial (Ti‐10Nb‐10Zr) with different porosity was fabricated by sintering at different temperatures. The porosity of fabricated samples is close to natural bone; also the compression strengths of the samples are higher than that of natural bone. The phases named α and β are seen in the microstructure of samples fabricated, but α phase partially converts into β phase with increasing sintering temperature. Porosity decreases with increasing sintering temperature, and compressive strength increases with decreasing porosity. Elastic modules of fabricated samples are close to natural bone, so these materials don't cause wear of bone.
A new mutL homolog 1 c.1896+5G>A germline mutation detected in a Lynch syndrome‐associated lung and gastric double primary cancer patient
Authors: Chen Xuyuan , Li Xiang , Liang Hongsen , Wei Lichun , Cui Qiang , Yao Ming , Wu Xu 
Published: June 2019

AbstractBackgroundMismatch‐repair genes (MMRs) ensure high fidelity in genome editing. Loss of function mutation of MMRs will lead to instability of the genome and increase the incidence of cancers. Human mutL homolog 1 (MLH1) is a member of the MMRs, and its mutation is found in Lynch syndrome (LS). In addition to the high incidence of colorectal cancer, LS patients often have other primary cancers. Here, a case of LS‐associated lung and gastric double primary cancer was reported.MethodsDiagnosis of lung and gastric double primary cancer was mainly based on clinical findings, imaging examination, and histopathological data. The tumor tissues and blood samples were collected, and then genomic DNA was extracted and 450 cancer‐related gene alteration screening was conducted by next‐generation sequencing and the functional verification of a mutant gene was carried out using the PCR method.ResultsWe detected the epidermal growth factor receptor L858R, MSH2 R929* and telomerase reverse transcriptase amplification in the lung cancer specimen; CDH1 c.1320+1G>T mutation in the gastric cancer (GC) specimen; and MLH1 c.1896+5G>A germline mutation in the lung and GC specimens by 450 cancer‐related gene mutations detection using next‐generation sequencing technology. MLH1c.1896+5G>A is a novel germline mutation, and it was verified by the PCR subsequently. It was found that it could affect the splicing of intron 16. Nine relatives of three‐generation of the patient were examined and the MLH1 c.1896+5G>A mutation and pedigree analysis were performed. The father's sister without cancer also carries this mutation.ConclusionDiagnosis of LS was mainly depended on the following: the cancer histories of his relatives, multi‐primary cancers of lung and stomach in his own body, MLH1 and MSH2 gene mutations detected in the cancer tissues. The clinical significance of this new MLH1 c.1896+5G>A germline mutation detected in the LS‐associated double primary cancer patient needed further study.
Characterization of large deletions of the MECP2 gene in Rett syndrome patients by gene dosage analysis
Authors: Vidal Silvia , Pascual‐Alonso Ainhoa , Rabaza‐Gairí Marc , Gerotina Edgar , Brandi Nuria , Pacheco Paola , Xiol Clara , Pineda Mercè ,   Rett Working Group, Armstrong Judith 
Published: June 2019

AbstractBackgroundRett syndrome (RTT) is a developmental disorder with an early onset and X‐linked dominant inheritance pattern. It is first recognized in infancy and is seen almost always in girls, but it may be seen in boys on rare occasions. Typical RTT is caused by de novo mutations of the gene MECP2 (OMIM*300005), and atypical forms of RTT can be caused by mutations of the CDKL5 (OMIM*300203) and FOXG1 (OMIM*164874) genes.MethodsApproximately 5% of the mutations detected in MECP2 are large rearrangements that range from exons to the entire gene. Here, we have characterized the deletions detected by multiplex ligation‐dependent probe amplification (MLPA) in the gene MECP2 of 21 RTT patients. Breakpoints were delineated by DNA‐qPCR until the amplification of the deleted allele by long‐PCR was possible.ResultsThis methodology enabled us to characterize deletions ranging from 1,235 bp to 85 kb, confirming the partial or total deletion of the MECP2 gene in all these patients. Additionally, our cases support the evidence claiming that most of these breakpoints occur in some restricted regions of the MECP2 gene.ConclusionThese molecular data together with the clinical information enable us to propose a genotype–phenotype correlation, which is essential for providing genetic counseling.