bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Differences in suicide acceptability by farming-related occupation, demographic, and religiosity factors, general social survey 2000–2022
Authors: Ward Jeanne M. , Blosnich John R. 
Published: December 2024

Introduction
Suicide acceptability beliefs must be considered when evaluating interventions to prevent suicide, as such beliefs can reveal cultural sanctions associated with suicide and suicidal behaviors and thoughts. Compared to the general US population, farmers/ranchers have an elevated suicide rate, requiring culturally competent interventions. This analysis investigated whether farmers and workers in agricultural-related industries differ from the general U.S. population in suicide acceptability levels.

Methods
Cross-sectional General Social Survey (GSS) data were combined from years 2000 to 2022. Four yes/no items assessing whether respondents thought an individual should be able to decide to end their life amid four negative life scenarios were used to define suicide acceptability or endorsement. U.S. Census Bureau industry and occupational codes were used to delineate occupations. Age, sex, race, ethnicity, educational level, survey administration year, and religiosity level were covariates for multiple logistic regression analyses. Among 18,191 respondents to the GSS, 167 people worked in farming/ranching roles, including 74 farmers/ranch operators and 93 farm/ranch workers.

Results
In unadjusted models, individuals in farm-related occupations had a lower prevalence than the general US adult population of sanctioning suicide if facing an incurable disease. Yet, suicide endorsement beliefs showed no statistically significant differences between farmers/ranchers and the general population after demographic factors were included in the model. Age, sex, race, ethnicity, and education were significant predictors of suicide acceptability, p < 0.01. The prevalence of farmer/ranch operators identifying as very or moderately religious was significantly higher than that of farm/ranch workers and the general population, p < 0.05. The sample identifying as non-religious had higher odds of sanctioning suicide when faced with an incurable disease (aOR 5.980, 95%CI 5.235–6.829), bankruptcy (aOR 3.281, 95%CI 2.791–3.857), having dishonored their family (aOR 3.215, 95%CI 2.732–3.784), or becoming tired of living (aOR 3.660, 95%CI 3.209–4.175).

Conclusion
The present results showed that farmers’/ranchers’ acceptability of suicide was not distinct from the general US population in multivariable models. However, given their disproportionately high suicide rate, they require customized outreach and interventions. Further research may elucidate how religiosity, demographic factors, and beliefs about suicide and religion impact interventions to prevent suicide for individuals working in farming/ranching.
Exploring preferences to accessing sexual and reproductive health services: A qualitative study of adolescents’ and service provider perspectives
Authors: Sidamo Negussie Boti , Kerbo Amene Abebe , Gidebo Kassa Daka , Wado Yohannes Dibaba 
Published: December 2024

Background
Understanding what adolescents want and how preferences are likely to vary among different groups is important to make the healthcare system responsive to the needs of adolescents and to maximize service utilization. Despite this, evidence is scarce in this aspect. Therefore, this study aimed to explore preferences for accessing Sexual and Reproductive Health (SRH) services from the perspective of adolescents and health care providers in the South Ethiopia Regional State.

Methods
A phenomenological qualitative study was conducted from September 04 to October 15, 2023. Seven Focus Group Discussions (FGDs) and ten Key Informant Interviews (KIIs) were conducted with purposively selected seventy-five adolescents and ten healthcare providers respectively. A semi-structured interview guide was used to explore their lived experiences. All interviews and discussions were audio-recorded. The research team transcribed the collected data verbatim and translated it into English. The data was analyzed using a thematic analysis approach.

Results
In this study, five main themes were identified. The identified main themes were preferred SRH services provider, preferred SRH services venue, preferred SRH services provision time, preferred SRH services information sources, and preferred strategies to improve access to SRH services. Regarding preferred SRH service providers, adolescents prefer males by sex, younger health care providers by age, and not neighborhood health providers by residence. Concerning preferred SRH services venue, adolescents prefer pharmacies as a venue to access condoms and emergency pills, while they prefer traditional medical centers as a source of abortion services. Besides this, schools are a preferred venue for adolescents to access SRH information. Moreover, sexual partners, close friends, and peers who experienced similar problems are the preferred sources of SRH information for adolescents. Furthermore, engagement of private health facilities, strengthening engagement of faith-based organization, and strengthening community-based SRH services provision were identified as preferred strategies to improve access to SRH services.

Conclusion
Improving access to sexual and reproductive health services necessitates the implementation of innovative and responsive strategies that address the diverse preferences and needs of adolescents. Prioritizing adolescent engagement in healthcare is vital, as it fosters a better understanding of their unique perspectives and ultimately enhances the accessibility and utilization of these essential services.
Cost-effectiveness of Left Ventricular Assist Devices (LVADs) as destination therapy in the UK: An economic modelling study
Authors: Saygın Avşar Tuba , Jackson Louise , Barton Pelham , Beese Sophie , Lim Hoong S. , Quinn David , Price Malcolm , Moor David J. 
Published: December 2024

Objectives
Left Ventricular Assist Devices (LVADs) for destination therapy (DT) are used in many countries but in some, like the UK, LVADs are not commissioned due to uncertainty around their cost-effectiveness. Existing economic evaluations of LVADs for these patients have limitations. This study aimed to estimate the cost-effectiveness of LVADs as destination therapy, compared to optimal medical therapy, in the UK.

Methods
A cost-utility analysis from a UK healthcare perspective was conducted, using a Markov model. The model incorporated the impact of major events and complications. Sub-group analyses considered different severities of heart failure on cost-effectiveness. Uncertainty was measured in deterministic and probabilistic sensitivity analyses.

Results
LVAD produced additional 2.78 (95% CI 2.46–3.14) QALYs at an incremental cost of £152,329 (95% CI £125,665 - £181,812) compared to medical management, giving an incremental cost-effectiveness ratio (ICER) of £54,748 per QALY. The ICER remained above the accepted thresholds of cost-effectiveness in the UK if a small proportion of patients receiving LVAD becomes eligible for a heart transplant and for all subgroups based on heart failure severity. The deterministic sensitivity analysis showed that the ongoing outpatient costs had a significant impact on the results.

Conclusions
Our analysis found that LVADs are not cost-effective as destination therapy in the UK if a willingness to pay threshold of £50,000 per QALY gained or disease severity modifiers, were applied. Robust data on ongoing costs for LVAD and medical management are needed.
Parental considerations about their childs’ mental health: Validating the German adaptation of the Parental Reflective Functioning Questionnaire
Authors: Wildner Andreas S. , Küçükakyüz Su Mevsim , Marx Anton K. G. , Nolte Tobias , Reck Corinna , Fonagy Peter , Luyten Patrick , von Tettenborn Alexandra , Müller Mitho , Zietlow Anna-Lena , Woll-Weber Christian F. J. 
Published: December 2024

Introduction
Parental Reflective Functioning describes the parents’ ability to view their child as motivated by mental states. The Parental Reflective Functioning Questionnaire (PRFQ) represents an 18-item and three-factor self-report measure. Our goal was to conduct the first German validation study.

Method
In a community sample of 378 mothers of children aged 10.2–78.6 months, we used Confirmatory Factor Analysis with a cross-validation approach to assess model fit. Reliability was measured using Cronbach’s α and McDonald’s ω. Concurrent validity was assessed using correlations with relevant constructs.

Results
The three-factor structure of the original validation could be confirmed. The German model only needed minor modifications: two items had to be removed, and one error covariance was added. The resulting 16-item questionnaire with the three subscales “Pre-mentalizing”, “Interest and Curiosity about Mental States”, and “Certainty about Mental States” was successfully cross-validated (CFI = .94, TLI = .93, SRMR = .07, RMSEA = .04 (CI [.01, .06])). These factors were related in theoretically expected ways to parental attachment dimensions, emotional availability, parenting stress, and infant attachment status.

Conclusion
While reliability could still be improved, the German 16-item version of the PRFQ represents a valid measure of parental reflective functioning.
Care for patients living with chronic conditions using the ICAN Discussion Aid: A mixed methods cluster-randomized trial
Authors: Boehmer Kasey R. , Thota Anjali , Organick-Lee Paige , Branda Megan , Lee Alex , Giblon Rachel , Behnken Emma , Tapp Hazel , May Carl , Montori Victor 
Published: December 2024

Objectives
To assess the effectiveness of the ICAN Discussion Aid in improving patients’ experience of receiving care for their chronic conditions and health professionals’ experience of providing their care.

Methods
We conducted a pragmatic, mixed-methods, cluster-randomized trial of the ICAN Discussion Aid at 8 clinics in 4 independent health systems in the US from January 2017 and to August 2018. Sites were randomized 1:1 in pairs. Participants were primary care health professionals and their adult patients with ≥1 chronic condition. Quantitative outcomes were health professional assessment of chronic illness care and relational coordination and patient-reported self-efficacy to manage chronic disease, self-efficacy to communicate with clinician, treatment burden, assessment of chronic illness care, general health, and disruption from illness and treatment. Uptake of ICAN was assessed with patient qualitative interviews, clinician focus groups/interviews, visit video recordings, and chart review.

Results
98 clinicians and 1733 patients participated. We found no significant differences between ICAN and usual care sites in mixed effect models on main outcome measures. In adjusted difference-in-differences analyses, we found patient self-efficacy to manage chronic disease (mean difference 0.61 (SE 0.27), p = 0.023), patient self-efficacy to communicate with their clinician (mean difference 0.31 (SE 0.14), p = 0.032), and health professional assessment of chronic illness care (1.42 (SE 0.52), p = 0.007) were significantly better at ICAN sites. Chart review indicated the aid was implemented in 19% of eligible encounters. Qualitative analyses highlighted limited implementation of ICAN as intended overall due to varying clinic challenges but showed that ICAN use as intended was a valued addition to the visit.

Conclusions
When patients and clinicians use ICAN as intended, which seldom occurred, important conversations emerge. This qualitative finding did not parlay into statistically significant effects on most outcomes of interest.

Trial registration
The trial was registered at clinicaltrials.gov (# NCT03017196).
Development and validation of a predictive nomogram for vascular crises in oral and maxillofacial cancer patients undergoing free flap surgery
Authors: Zheng Ying , Yu Jingya , Zhou Yunyu , Lu Qian , Zhang Yu , Bi Xiaoqin 
Published: December 2024

Objective
To develop and validate a predictive model for identifying vascular crises following free tissue flap transplantation in patients undergoing surgery for oral and maxillofacial tumors.

Methods
This retrospective cohort study utilized medical records from the Department of Head and Neck Oncology, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, covering the period from January 2014 to December 2021. The analysis included 1,786 cases, divided into a training group (n = 1,251) and a validation group (n = 535). Variables included demographic factors, clinical characteristics, and surgical details. Univariate and multivariate logistic regression analyses were performed to identify significant predictors, which were then incorporated into a nomogram. The model’s performance was assessed using the concordance index (C-index), receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve, and decision curve analysis (DCA).

Results
The incidence of vascular crisis was 5.8% in the training group and 4.9% in the validation group. Significant predictors included tissue flap width, D-dimer levels, preoperative hemoglobin, hemoglobin difference before and after surgery, and type of venous anastomosis. The nomogram showed strong predictive performance with an AUC of 0.780 in the training group and 0.701 in the validation group. Calibration curves indicated excellent fit, and DCA demonstrated clinical applicability.

Conclusion
A user-friendly model was developed for detecting vascular crises in oral and maxillofacial tumor patients. This model exhibits robust discriminative ability, precise calibration, high specificity, and significant clinical applicability, effectively identifying high-risk patients prone to vascular crises.
Analisis Struktur Anatomi dan Histokimia Daun Buah Makasar (Brucea javanica (L.) Merr.)
Authors: Azlina Rosi , Iriani Dyah 
Published: December 2024

Buah Makasar merupakan spesies dari famili Simaroubaceae yang memiliki habitus perdu dan berdaun majemuk. Daun Buah Makasar memiliki potensi sebagai tanaman obat. Oleh karena itu penting dilakukan kajian struktur anatomi untuk mengetahui struktur pada organ daun Buah Makasar dan uji histokimia untuk mengetahui keberadaan metabolit sekunder pada daun Buah Makasar yang berpotensi sebagai obat. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengkarakterisasi anatomi dan histokimia daun Buah Makasar dan menganalisis potensinya sebagai tanaman obat. Metode yang digunakan adalah metode parafin, metode paradermal, dan histokimia. Struktur anatomi diamati mulai dari ibu tulang daun, intercostal, tepi daun melalui sinus dan angulus, dan tangkai daun. Hasil kajian anatomi menunjukkan karakteristik pada setiap jaringan, yaitu epidermis, jaringan dasar, dan berkas pengangkut tipe kolateral. Tepi anak daun tersusun oleh Jaringan mesofil yang terdiferensiasi menjadi jaringan palisade dan jaringan bunga karang. Ibu tulang daun dan tangkai daun memiliki berkas pengangkut utama juga berkas pengangkut tambahan (accessory vascular bundle) berukuran kecil berada pada bagian adaksial. Stomata hipostomatik dengan tipe parasitik dengan kerapatan stomata 26,31±2,64/mm2. Trikoma dijumpai pada bagian adaksial dengan kerapatan trikoma non glandular lebih tinggi 30,97±16,22/mm2 dibandingkan trikoma glandular 1,27±1,27/mm2. Analisis histokimia menunjukkan hasil positif terhadap senyawa alkaloid, flavonoid, tanin, lipofilik, dan terpenoid pada setiap organ yang diuji, namun kepekatan warna setiap senyawa pada jaringan yang diamati berbeda-beda. Buah Makasar is a species of the Simaroubaceae family that has a shrub habitus and compound leaves. Buah Makasar’s leaf have potential as medicinal plants. Therefore, it is important to study the anatomical structure to determine the structure of the leaf organs of Buah Makasar and histochemical test to determine the presence of secondary metabolites in the leaves of Buah Makasar that have potential as drugs. The methods used were paraffin, paradermal, and histochemical method. Anatomical structures were observed on midrib, intercostal, margin through sinus and angulus, and petiole. The results of the anatomical study showed characteristics in each tissue, namely the epidermis, ground tissue, and collateral-type transport bundles. Anatomical structure of leaf margin is composed of mesophyll tissue which is differentiated into palisade tissue and spongy tissue. Midrib and petiole have main transport bundles as well as small accessory vascular bundles in the adaxial part. Stomata are hypostomatic with parasitic type with stomatal density of 26.31±2.64/mm2. Trichomes were found in the adaxial part with a higher density of non-glandular trichomes 30.97±16.22/mm2 compared to glandular trichomes 1.27±1.27/mm2. Histochemical analysis showed positive results for alkaloids, flavonoids, tannins, lipophytes, and other compounds.
Reduksi Kadar Tembaga (Cu) pada Limbah Cair Proses Etching PCB di Laboratorium Fisika Menggunakan Metode Elektrolisis
Authors: Suwardi Suwardi , Lidiawati Liza , Haidul Haidul 
Published: December 2024

Limbah cair di Laboratorium Fisika FMIPA Universitas Bengkulu berasal dari proses pelarutan PCB dalam Praktikum Elektronika Dasar II yang mengandung tembaga dan bersifat asam. Bila limbah ini langsung dilepas ke lingkungan, akan mengakibatkan pencemaran lingkungan. Untuk mereduksi kadar tembaga dalam limbah, perlu dilakukan pengolahan limbah dalam skala laboratorium yang dapat mengurangi bahaya di atas. Penelitian ini menawarkan metode elektrolisis untuk pengolahan limbah cair secara sederhana, mudah, dan murah. Metode elektrolisis adalah metode yang mengubah energi listrik menjadi energi kimia. Penelitian ini dilaksanakan pada Mei – Oktober 2022 di Laboratorium Fisika FMIPA Universitas Bengkulu dengan lima tahapan, yaitu preparasi sampel, merangkai peralatan elektrolisis, proses elektrolisis, analisis spektrofotometer, dan interpretasi data. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mereduksi kadar tembaga pada limbah cair proses pelarutan PCB dan menentukan parameter elektrolisis (waktu, jarak elektroda, dan tegangan listrik) yang optimum dalam mereduksi kadar tembaga limbah cair. Manfaat penelitian adalah untuk memahami mekanisme metode elektrolisis dalam mereduksi kadar tembaga pada limbah cair proses pelarutan PCB dan mengurangi tingkat bahayanya. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa elektrolisis berhasil menurunkan kadar tembaga dalam limbah cair dari 3,49 mg/l menjadi 2,87 mg/l dengan efisiensi sebesar 17,76%. Proses elektrolisis juga berhasil mengurangi tingkat keasaman (pH) limbah cair dari 1,21 menjadi 2,53. Kata kunci: limbah cair laboratorium, metode elektrolisis, proses pelarutan PCB
Point-of-care testing improves care timeliness in the emergency department. A multicenter randomized clinical trial (study POCTUR)
Authors: Leon-Justel Antonio , Navarro Bustos Carmen , Noval-Padillo Jose Angel , Martin Perez Salomon , Aviles Gomez Maria Dolores , Jimenez Valencia Nelia , Garrido Castilla Jose M. , Diaz Muñoz Miguel , Rivera Vizcaino Maria A. , Alvarez Heredia Laura , Gracia Moreno Emilia , Roldan Fontan Maria Esther , Bueno Mariscal Caludio , Guerrero Montavez Juan Miguel , Sanchez-Mora Catalina 
Published: December 2024

Abstract

Objectives
Emergency department (ED) crowding is a widespread problem that positions patients at risk. The desire to improve the ED throughput requires novel approaches. Point-of-care testing (POCT) has emerged as useful technology that could contribute to create more efficient patient flow and better timeliness in the ED. The main objective of our study is to demonstrate, in a multicenter study, that POCT benefits care timeliness in the ED.

Methods
We conducted a multicenter and cluster randomized study. A total of 3,200 patients. We randomly assigned patients to a POCT group or Central Laboratory Group. The primary outcome was the ED time to clinical decision. The secondary outcome included the length of stay and the laboratory turnaround time. Readmission within the seven after discharge was also calculated.

Results
The primary finding of this study is a strategy based on POCT that aims to significantly improve care timeliness in the ED. We found significant reductions in all outcomes regardless of presentation reason, patient disposition or hospital type. Time to clinical decision decreased by 75.2 min (205–129.8), length of stay by 77.5 min (273.1–195.6) and laboratory turnaround time by 56.2 min (82.2–26) in the POCT group. No increase in readmission was found.

Conclusions
Our strategy represents a good approach to optimize timeliness in the ED. It should be seen as a starting point for further operational research focusing on POCT for improving throughput and reducing crowding in the ED.
Numerical study on characteristics of flow accelerated corrosion in a globe valve under different working conditions
Authors: Zhang Guang , Cheng Jinghui , Suryan Abhilash , Wang Hanguang , Lin Zhe 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
As a part of pipeline systems, globe valves play an important role in cutting off and regulating fluid transmission in fields such as petrochemicals, coal chemicals, and metallurgy. During the transportation of corrosive fluid media, flow accelerated corrosion (FAC) caused by internal flow is the main form of valve failure, which seriously affects the safe and reliable operation of the entire transmission system. In this study, the effects of different valve openings and inlet velocities on characteristics of internal flows and corrosion were investigated by numerical simulations in globe valve. The distributions of velocity, pressure, and wall shear stress were obtained and discussed in detail. The corrosion rate of key components of globe valve was obtained and analyzed to reveal characteristics of FAC. Results show that the FAC is more serious with the increase of inlet velocity while it becomes the more serious at moderate valve opening degree. In addition, wall shear stress was verified to be able to describe FAC in globe valve. The obtained results were quite meaningful for guiding the structural design of globe valves in corrosion suppression, which extends the service life of globe valves and ensures the safety of conveying systems.
367Delisting Costs and Corporate Mobility in Europe
Authors: Chan Jonathan , Gerner-Beuerle Carsten 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
There is considerable variation among capital markets in the frequency of voluntary and involuntary delistings, which has been attributed by some commentators to differences in the regulatory framework governing delisting decisions. However, there have been few systematic attempts to map these differences across legal systems and quantify the regulatory costs of delistings. This article analyses delisting regimes of major EU jurisdictions and several non-EU countries and develops indices that capture delisting costs. It shows that the delisting regimes of some EU Member States are prohibitively costly. The article then considers whether such delisting regimes are consistent with EU free movement rights. It concludes by critically evaluating a menu of policy options to ensure that delisting rules facilitate corporate mobility and an efficient allocation of capital in the EU.