bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Detection and quantitation of human papillomavirus DNA in peripheral blood mononuclear cells from blood donors
Authors: Vergara Nicolás , Balanda Monserrat , Vidal Deyanira , Roldán Francisco , S. Martín Héctor , Ramírez Eugenio 
Published: July 2019

AbstractHuman papillomavirus (HPV) is the etiological agent of cervical cancer. Also, HPV has been associated with anogenital cancer, oropharyngeal cancer, genital warts, and other dermatological diseases. HPV infects epithelial cells and their replication is closely linked to epithelial differentiation. The presence of HPV DNA in peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) has been reported in some patients with head and neck cancer, cervical cancer, and other genital diseases. However, the presence of HPV DNA in blood in asymptomatic subjects is still unresolved. The objective of this study was to evaluate the presence of HPV DNA in PBMC from asymptomatic blood donors. Blood samples were collected from 207 healthy Chilean blood donors. Genomic DNA was extracted from PBMC and HPV DNA detection was performed by real‐time quantitative polymerase chain reaction assays with GP5+/6+ primers. HPV typing was carried out by genetic sequencing of a 140 to 150 bp fragment of the L1 gene. HPV DNA was detected in 6.8% (14/207) of blood donors. Single HPV infections were detected in seven blood donors. High‐risk HPV was found in 6.3% (13/207) of cases: nine blood donors were infected with HPV‐16, five with HPV‐18, two with HPV‐51, and one case was infected with either 32, 33, 45, 59, 66, 70, or 82. The median viral load value was 21.3 copies/mL blood or 13.4 HPV (+) cells per 10
4 PBMC. These results show that HPV DNA is present in PBMC from healthy blood donors and it suggests that blood could be a new route of HPV dissemination.
Post‐industrial late summer warming recorded in tree‐ring density in the eastern Tibetan Plateau
Authors: Duan Jianping , Li Lun , Ma Zhuguo , Chen Liang 
Published: July 2019

AbstractTree‐ring density has been suggested to be a useful proxy for revealing long‐term late summer or growing season temperature variability on the Tibetan Plateau (TP). However, the current chronology length of tree‐ring density records on the TP is obviously shorter than both tree‐ring width and tree‐ring isotope records. This phenomenon implies the possibility of extending the current tree‐ring density record into earlier times and provides us with an opportunity to evaluate recent warming on a longer time scale. In this study, we present a 640‐year tree‐ring maximum latewood density (MXD) chronology of Balfour spruce back to 1,375 CE in the eastern TP. This tree‐ring MXD chronology is longer than the previous ones on the TP. Growth‐climate relationship analysis shows that the established MXD chronology correlates significantly and positively with August–September mean temperatures recorded at the nearest meteorological station over the common period of 1954–2014 (r = 0.66, effective degree of freedom [edf] = 62.7, p < 0.0001). Based on the growth‐climate response relationship, the August–September mean temperature was reconstructed from 1,625 to 2,014, which is the reliable period of the MXD chronology, with the expressed population signal (EPS) greater than 0.85. The reconstructed August–September temperatures show an increasing trend since the late 19th century, and this reconstruction suggests that the last 10‐, 30‐, 50‐ and 100‐year periods all appear to be the warmest over the past 390 years. Together with preciously published temperature reconstructions based on tree‐ring MXD near our study area, the results of this study demonstrate that the southeastern TP has experienced post‐industrial warming since the late 19th century.
Analysis of the Stomal Microbiota of a Percutaneous Osseointegrated Prosthesis: A Longitudinal Prospective Cohort Study
Authors: Beck James Peter , Grogan Max , Bennett Brian T. , Jeyapalina Sujee , Agarwal Jay , Bartow‐McKenney Casey , Bugayev Julia , Kubiak Erik , Sinclair Sarina , Grice Elizabeth 
Published: July 2019

ABSTRACTPercutaneous osseointegrated (OI) prostheses (POPs) are used to skeletally attach artificial limbs in amputees. While any permanent percutaneous interface is at risk of becoming infected by the resident microbiota colonizing the stoma, most of these patients remain infection‐free. Avoidance of infection likely depends upon a mechanically and/or biologically stable skin‐to‐implant interface. The ultimate question remains, “why do some stomata become infected while others do not?” The answer might be found in the dynamic bacterial communities of the patient and within the stomal site itself. This study is an appendix to the first Food and Drug Administration approved prospective early feasibility study of OI prosthetic docking, in which, 10 transfemoral amputees were implanted with a unique POP device. In this analytical, longitudinal cohort study, each patient's skin and stomal microbiota were analyzed from the initial surgery to 1 year following the second‐stage surgery. During each follow‐up visit, three swab samples—stomal, device thigh skin and contralateral thigh skin—were obtained. DNA was extracted, and bacterial 16S ribosomal RNA (rRNA) genes were amplified and sequenced to profile microbial communities. The stomal microbiota were distinct from the microbiota on the adjacent thigh skin and the skin of the contralateral thigh, with a significantly increased abundance of Staphylococcus aureus within the stoma. Early on stomal microbiota were characterized by high diversity and high relative abundance of obligate anaerobes. Over time, the stomal microbiota shifted and stabilized in communities of lower diversity dominated by Streptococcus, Corynebacterium, and/or Staphylococcus spp. © 2019 Orthopaedic Research Society. Published by Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Orthop Res 37:2645–2654, 2019
Laser intensity limits in surface‐enhanced linear and nonlinear Raman micro‐spectroscopy of organic molecule/Au‐nanoparticle conjugates
Authors: Fabelinsky Victor I. , Kozlov Dimitrii N. , Polivanov Yury N. , Smirnov Valery V. , Bokova‐Sirosh Sofia N. , Obraztsova Elena D. , Arzumanyan Grigory M. , Mamatkulov Kahramon Z. , Afanasiev Konstantin N. , Boginskaya Irina A. , Budashov Igor A. , Nechaeva Natalia L. 
Published: July 2019

AbstractLaser light, illuminating surface‐enhanced Raman scattering‐active nanostructured CeO2/Al/Al2O3 thin‐film samples with reporter molecules/Au nanoparticle conjugates on the CeO2 surface, may cause irreversible modifications of the conjugates and of the surface structure field‐enhancing properties. As a result, the observed Raman signal decreases or vanishes. The limits of the laser light intensity suitable for nondestructive spectroscopic studies have been assessed using continuous and quasi‐continuous wave (mode‐locked ps‐pulse) laser radiation at different wavelengths. This radiation was used as a pump for linear and nonlinear Raman microspectroscopy of reporter molecules adsorbed on the surface of such a plasmonic metamaterial. Reducing laser power below certain levels allowed reproducible mapping of surface‐enhanced Raman scattering and surface‐enhanced coherent anti‐Stokes Raman scattering signal strengths at the reporter molecule Raman shifts.
Planetary Terrestrial Analogues Library (PTAL) project: Raman data overview
Authors: Veneranda Marco , Sáiz Jesús , Sanz‐Arranz Aurelio , Manrique Jose Antonio , Lopez‐Reyes Guillermo , Medina Jesús , Dypvik Henning , Werner Stephanie C. , Rull Fernando 
Published: July 2019

AbstractThe multianalytical study of terrestrial analogues is a useful strategy to deepen the knowledge about the geological and environmental evolution of Mars and other extraterrestrial bodies. In spite of the increasing importance that laser‐induced breakdown spectroscopy (LIBS), near‐infrared spectroscopy (NIR), and Raman techniques are acquiring in the field of space exploration, there is a lack Web‐based platform providing free access to a wide multispectral database of terrestrial analogue materials. The Planetary Terrestrial Analogues Library (PTAL) project aims at responding to this critical need by developing and providing free Web accessibility to LIBS, NIR, and Raman data from more than 94 terrestrial analogues selected according to their congruence with Martian geological contexts. In this framework, the present manuscript provides the scientific community with a complete overview of the over 4,500 Raman spectra collected to feed the PTAL database. Raman data, obtained through the complementary use of laboratory and spacecraft‐simulator systems, confirmed the effectiveness of this spectroscopic technique for the detection of major and minor mineralogical phases of the samples, the latter being of critical importance for the recognition of geological processes that could have occurred on Mars and other planets. In light of the forthcoming missions to Mars, the results obtained through the Raman Laser Spectrometer (RLS) ExoMars Simulator offer a valuable insight on the scientific outcome that could derive from the RLS spectrometer that will soon land on Mars as part of the ExoMars rover payload.
Surface‐enhanced Raman spectroscopy, Raman, and density functional theoretical analyses of fentanyl and six analogs
Authors: Wang Ling , Deriu Chiara , Wu Wensong , Mebel Alexander M. , McCord Bruce 
Published: July 2019

AbstractWe examined fentanyl and its six analogs using wB97XD/cc‐pVTZ density functional theoretical (DFT) calculations as well as Raman and Surface‐enhanced Raman spectroscopy (SERS). The in silico DFT calculations provided the vibrational frequencies, Raman activities, and normal mode assignment for each analog. Raman spectroscopy can detect crystalline fentanyl analogs but cannot obtain bands for samples in solution. Therefore, we utilized gold/silver nanospheres and gold/silver nanostars to examine them. The gold/silver nanostars provided stronger signals for the fentanyl analogs, and their SERS spectra can easily distinguish these fentanyl analogs from nonfentanyl opioids and other common drugs of abuse using principle component analysis and other statistical tests. Overall, our results demonstrate that SERS shows great potential to distinguish fentanyl analogs and detect trace quantities of these compounds in mixtures of seized drugs.
Porous alumina aerogel with tunable pore structure for facile, ultrasensitive, and reproducible SERS platform
Authors: Zou Wenbing , Wang Xiaodong , Yang Yongqiang , Wu Yu , Zu Guoqing , Zou Liping , Shen Jun 
Published: July 2019

AbstractPorous alumina aerogel synthesized by sol–gel method was used as facile and sensitive surface‐enhanced Raman scattering (SERS) platform. In a simple “drop‐test” SERS detection, low concentration dye solution mixed with silver nanoparticles was directly dropped on the surface of aerogel platform for SERS detection immediately. The pore structure of alumina aerogel was tuned by adding PEG‐400 and varying the gelation temperature. The effects of surface morphology and pore size of alumina aerogel platform on SERS performance of crystal violet (CV) were investigated. The result shows that large specific surface area and interconnected pore network of aerogel are helpful for fast permeation of solution, generation of “hot spots,” and adsorption of probe molecules. The Raman signal of CV was largely enhanced, enabling a detection concentration to 5 × 10−10 M with a SERS enhancement factor of 3.4 × 107. The SERS enhancement of alumina aerogel platform is remarkably improved with the increase of specific surface area and pore size, which is also confirmed by the finite‐difference time‐domain simulation. Moreover, the relative standard deviation of SERS intensity at 1619 cm-1 band for 5 × 10−8 M CV on aerogel platform is about 12%, indicating a good reproducibility.
Review on tabletop true 3D display
Authors: Ren Hui , Ni Li‐Xia , Li Hai‐Feng , Sang Xin‐Zhu , Gao Xin , Wang Qiong‐Hua 
Published: July 2019

AbstractTabletop three‐dimensional (3D) display is an attractive display technology that allows multiple individuals around the table to view the reconstructed 3D objects simultaneously, which can be applied to a variety of application scenarios such as desktop conference and board games. In this review paper, the tabletop true 3D display has been characterized and classified into four categories based on the technologies of light field display, integral imaging, and volumetric 3D and holographic 3D displays. Moreover, the comparisons of these technologies are listed, and the prospect of the tabletop 3D display is discussed.
Non‐native grasses reduce scaled quail habitat
Authors: Fulbright Timothy E. , Kline Holley N. , Wester David B. , Grahmann Eric D. , Hernández Fidel , Brennan Leonard A. , Hehman Michael W. 
Published: July 2019

ABSTRACTNon‐native grasses are frequently sown in the southwestern United States for livestock forage and erosion control. These grasses often spread from areas where they are planted and replace native grasses and forbs. We tested the hypothesis that chestnut‐bellied scaled quail (Callipepla squamata castanogastris) avoid locations dominated by non‐native grasses. We trapped scaled quail at 5 different sites in southern Texas, USA, and located quail fitted with necklace‐style transmitters 3 times/week during 2013–2014. We manually delineated plant communities using aerial maps and on‐the‐ground knowledge of the study sites. We examined second‐order (home‐range scale) selection by comparing proportion of the areas of plant communities within 62 scaled quail home ranges (used) paired with random home ranges (available). We examined third‐order (within‐home‐range scale) selection by comparing the composition of bird location (used) and random (available) points based on proportion of points within plant communities. For both home‐range scale and within‐home‐range scale analyses, we used non‐parametric multivariate analysis of variance with 9,999 random permutations. We examined fourth‐order (organism‐centered) selection by measuring vegetation variables at used and available locations and then estimating the relative probability of use of vegetation variables and by estimating continuous selection functions for variables that were influential in determining relative probability of use. Buffelgrass (Pennisetum ciliare) and Old World bluestems (Bothriochloa spp., Dichanthium annulatum and other Dichanthium spp.) comprised 99% (95% CI = 98–100%, n = 143 sites where non‐native plants occurred) of the non‐native grasses in our study areas. Scaled quail avoided non‐native and riparian plant communities at the home‐range and within‐home‐range scales of selection. At the organism‐centered scale of selection, odds of use by scaled quail decreased 28% for every 10% increase in non‐native grass cover and increased 12% for every 10% increase in shrub canopy cover. Scaled quail avoided locations with >10% canopy cover of non‐native grasses. Based on avoidance at 3 scales of selection, dominance of buffelgrass and Old World bluestems degrades habitat for scaled quail. Spread and sowing of non‐native grasses and brush clearing may be partly responsible for declines in scaled quail populations. © 2019 The Wildlife Society.
Presurgical induction chemotherapy for squamous cell carcinoma of the tonsil
Authors: Burke Mark S. , Loree John T. , Popat Saurin R. , Ford Daniel , Kim Jae , Szymanowski Adam R. , Loree Thom R. 
Published: July 2019

Objectives/HypothesisThe indications for and efficacy of induction chemotherapy in the management of squamous cell carcinoma of the head and neck is controversial. With the advent of human papillomavirus (HPV)–related cancers, survival has improved significantly. Here we present a group of patients with tonsil cancer treated with induction chemotherapy followed by surgery.Study DesignRetrospective cohort study.MethodsThirty‐eight patients with tonsil cancer were treated with induction chemotherapy, consisting of cisplatin and docetaxel, followed by neck dissection and radical tonsillectomy. Twenty‐six patients were HPV+, 28 were nonsmokers or long‐term former smokers, and 28 were T1/T2. Fourteen patients required postoperative chemoradiotherapy (CRT). Median follow‐up time was 4.1 years.ResultsA complete response to induction chemotherapy was achieved in 45% (17) of patients. In total, 76% (29/38) of patients were successfully treated: 53% (20/38) with chemotherapy and surgery alone, and 24% (9/38) required postoperative CRT. Almost 90% (23/26) of HPV+ and half (6/12) of HPV− patients are no evidence of disease (NED). HPV status is a significant prognostic factor (P = .02). Only 38% (5/13) of current smokers were NED compared to 96% (24/25) of nonsmokers (P = .0002). All HPV+ nonsmokers (20/20) were NED at last follow‐up.ConclusionsIn this study, the primary driver of prognosis was smoking status. HPV status and T stage were also important. The prognosis for HPV+ nonsmokers is extremely good; most likely regardless of treatment. Treatment failures have a poor chance of salvage, irrespective of treatment type. With the major exception of HPV− smokers, induction chemotherapy followed by surgery with selective CRT is a viable treatment option for tonsil cancer.Level of Evidence4Laryngoscope, 130:1206–1211, 2020
Reaching a breaking point: How is climate change influencing the timing of ice breakup in lakes across the northern hemisphere?
Authors: Lopez Lianna S. , Hewitt Bailey A. , Sharma Sapna 
Published: July 2019

AbstractThe duration of seasonal winter ice cover has declined in many mid‐ and high‐latitude regions around the world as climate continues to warm. We obtained data on lake ice breakup dates, air temperature, precipitation, and large‐scale climate oscillations for 152 lakes across the northern hemisphere from 1951 to 2014. Ninety‐seven percent of study lakes exhibited earlier ice breakup trends. Forty‐six percent of the variation in ice breakup trends was driven by spring air temperatures and elevation across the northern hemisphere. However, changes in ice breakup have not always been in a gradual or linear pattern. Using the sequential T‐test analysis of regime shifts, we found evidence of abrupt changes in mean ice breakup for 53% of lakes with shift years identified between 1970 and 2002. Concurrently, we found abrupt changes in mean spring and winter air temperatures, winter precipitation, and large‐scale climate oscillations that occurred either the same year or 1 yr prior. Earlier ice breakup and the shortening of the ice season will have consequences for winter heritage, local economies, and lake ecosystems around the world.
Integration of PDA Chemistry and Surface‐Initiated ATRP to Prepare Poly(methyl methacrylate)‐Grafted Carbon Nanotubes and Its Effect on Poly(vinylidene fluoride)–Carbon Nanotube Composite Properties
Authors: Song Shixin , Xia Shan , Wei Yingcong , Lv Xue , Sun Shulin , Li Quanming 
Published: July 2019

AbstractPoly(methyl methacrylate)‐grafted carbon nanotubes (PMMA@MWCNTs) are nondestructively prepared via the integration of mussel‐inspired polydopamine (PDA) chemistry and the surface‐initiated atom transfer radical polymerization (ATRP) method. The structures and properties of the poly(vinylidene fluoride)‐based (PVDF‐based) nanocomposites filled with pristine MWCNTs and PMMA@MWCNTs are investigated. The results show that the encapsulation of PMMA on the MWCNTs surface not only improves the dispersibility of MWCNTs in the PVDF matrix but also enhances the interfacial interaction between MWCNTs and PVDF. The addition of PMMA@MWCNTs nanofillers to PVDF can effectively induce the crystal structure of PVDF to transform from the α‐phase to the β/γ ‐phase, and nearly 100% β/γ ‐phase PVDF formed when the nanofiller loading is higher than 5 wt%. Compared with the MWCNTs/PVDF composites, the PMMA@MWCNTs/PVDF composites exhibit obvious improvement in the percolation threshold because the PMMA shells hinder the direct contact of the MWCNTs. Moreover, the loss tangent of the PMMA@MWCNTs/PVDF composites is effectively suppressed due to the reduced leakage current in the composites and the enhanced interfacial strength between the nanofiller and the matrix.
Bioinspired Design of LDH‐Based Mobile Building Materials with Enhanced Mechanical and Ultraviolet‐Shielding Performance
Authors: Meng Yang , Zhang Bin , Su Juanjuan , Han Jian 
Published: July 2019

AbstractGlass fiber reinforced polytetrafluoroethylene composites (PTFE/GF composites) with the excellent performance have been given considerable attention due to their increasing applications in large architecture areas such as stadiums, amusement parks, parking lots, etc. However, the brittleness of glass fiber can hinder the performance of PTFE/GF composites. The PTFE/MLDH (modified ZnAl‐layered double hydroxide)/GF composites inspired by layer‐layer structure are prepared via the multi‐layered dipping method, which consists of GF acting as a reinforcement, PTFE acting as matrix, and MLDH acting as the layer‐layer structure. The results of study show that the high strength and surperflexibility of PTFE/MLDH/GF composites are higher than pure PTFE/GF composites. Especially, when the PTFE/MLDH/GF composites contain 1.6 wt% MLDH, the folding endurance reaches up to 39 035 times, the tensile strength reaches up to 163.57 MPa, and strain reaches up to 8.33%. More significantly, the strength and surperflexibility are illustrated by a mechanism model and it is used to further broaden the application of PTFE/GF composites in mobile building materials. Moreover, it is discovered that the PTFE/MLDH/GF composites have unique translucent performance and excellent ultraviolet‐shielding properties in this study, which further broaden its range of applications.
Reversible Photochromic Nanofiber Membrane Containing Comb‐Like Poly(octadecyl acrylate) Nanoparticles Used for Ultraviolet Intensity Indicator
Authors: Zhang Zhuang , Wang Yu , Wang Jianping , Wang Ning , Han Na , Zhang Xingxiang , Li Wei 
Published: July 2019

AbstractA novel reversible photo‐responsive polyvinyl alcohol (PVA)/polyethylenimine (PEI) electrospinning nanofiber membrane (NFM), assembled with photochromic nanoparticles containing spiropyran, is herein presented and the water resistance, mechanical properties as well as photochromic properties are investigated systematically. Here, glutaraldehyde, which can undergo a cross‐linking reaction with PVA/PEI, is selected as a cross‐linker to enhance water resistance and mechanical behavior of the NFM. Photochromic polymer nanoparticles are prepared using octadecyl acrylate as polymer matrix monomer through miniemulsion polymerization. Effect factors of the whole preparation process such as the PVA/PEI mass ratio, the amount of emulsifier, and the amount of photochromic nanoparticles added are regulated to obtain the optimal experimental parameters. The surface morphology and microstructure, water resistance, and mechanical properties of NFMs are studied by thermal field emission scanning electron microscopy, static water contact angle tester, and tensile universal testing machine, respectively. Furthermore, UV–vis spectrophotometer is employed to investigate the photochromic performance and fatigue resistance of NFMs. Overall, analyses reveal that the reversible photo‐responsive electrospinning NFM exhibit excellent photoresponsivity, photoreversibility, and fatigue resistance upon UV irradiation, thus showing promising application in the field of ultraviolet intensity indicator.