bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Short‐term effects of exposure to workplace bullying on objective sleep: an actigraphy diary study
Authors: Rodríguez‐Muñoz Alfredo , Antino Mirko , Díaz‐Guerra Alejandro , Sanz‐Vergel Ana Isabel , Bakker Arnold B. 
Published: November 2024

SummaryExposure to bullying behaviours has been associated with a variety of negative health outcomes, such as sleep complaints. However, the current state of the knowledge is limited regarding the association with objective sleep. The present study investigated the short‐term effects of workplace bullying on objective sleep patterns using an actigraphy diary approach. Participants (N = 55) wore actigraphy devices for 10 days to measure sleep parameters such as duration, wake‐after‐sleep onset (WASO), and the number of awakenings. Multilevel analyses showed that exposure to workplace bullying was directly associated with the three parameters of sleep disturbances, with higher levels of bullying linked to poorer sleep outcomes. Anxiety was also found to mediate this relationship. Specifically, anxiety mediated the association between bullying and WASO and sleep duration. The study contributes valuable insights into the detrimental impact of workplace bullying on objective sleep quality, highlighting the importance of addressing psychosocial stressors in the workplace to promote healthy sleep patterns.
An afternoon nap facilitates analogical transfer in creative problem solving
Authors: Westerberg Carmen E. , Fickle Sean E. , Troupe Chloe E. , Madden‐Rusnak Anna , Deason Rebecca G. 
Published: November 2024

SummaryIn analogical problem solving, the solution to a previously experienced problem (source) is used to solve a new but structurally similar problem (target). Yet, analogical transfer is seldom successful, as structural commonalities between source and target problems can be difficult to recognise. Theoretically, memory consolidation processes during REM sleep may help to identify and strengthen connections between weakly related memories, improving the ability to use analogical transfer. In the current experiment, participants attempted to solve source problems, were told the solutions, and then attempted to solve new but structurally similar target problems. After a 2‐h break including a nap (n = 28) or wakefulness (n = 30), participants attempted to solve target problems they were unable to solve before the break. Measures of source problem memory and perceived similarity between source and target problems were also obtained. The nap group solved a greater proportion of target problems after the break than the wake group, despite no group differences in solution rates before the break or source problem memory. The nap group also perceived greater similarity between source and target problems after the break than the wake group, and the time spent in REM sleep predicted the proportion of post‐break target problems solved. These results indicate that sleep improves the ability to solve target problems that could not be initially solved and suggest that REM sleep improves the use of analogical transfer by highlighting commonalities between source and target problems that were unnoticed before a nap.
Impaired blood flow of optic nerve head in patients with severe obstructive sleep apnea/hypopnea syndrome
Authors: Lin Pei‐Wen , Chiu Li‐Wen , Chang Chun‐Tuan , Lin Hsin‐Ching 
Published: November 2024

SummaryThis study prospectively analysed the difference in the blood flow of the optic nerve head (ONH) between patients with obstructive sleep apnea/hypopnea syndrome (OSA) and control subjects by laser speckle flowgraphy (LSFG), and determined the correlations between LSFG variables and the severity of OSA. A total of 100 participants consecutively underwent full‐night polysomnography, ophthalmologic examinations, and LSFG measurements. The LSFG parameters were summarised as the mean blur rate in all areas of the ONH (MA), in the big vessel area of ONH (MV), and in the tissue area of ONH (MT). When the control (17 subjects) and patients with mild/moderate OSA (42 patients) were grouped together and compared with patients with severe OSA (41 patients), the MA, MV, and MT were decreased significantly in patients with severe OSA compared with control subjects and patients with mild/moderate OSA (p < 0.0001, p = 0.0001, and p = 0.0034, respectively). Negative correlations were identified between the apnea–hypopnea index and MA (ρ = −0.244, p = 0.0016), between AHI and MV (ρ = −0.263, p = 0.0006), and between AHI and MT (ρ = −0.198, p = 0.0105). Positive correlations were identified between the lowest saturation of oxygen (LSaO2) and MA (ρ = 0.332, p < 0.0001), between LSaO2 and MV (ρ = 0.354, p < 0.0001), and between LSaO2 and MT (ρ = 0.227, p = 0.0035). Our study demonstrated that OSA could have a negative impact on the microcirculation of the optic nerve head, including MA, MV, and MT measurements. Furthermore, the decreased blood flow of the optic nerve head obviously correlated with the severity of OSA.
Safety of Anticoagulation When Undergoing Endoscopic Variceal Ligation: A Systematic Review and Meta‐Analysis
Authors: Loo Jing Hong , Quek Joo Wei Ethan , Low Jun Teck Gerald , Tay Wei Xuan , Ang Le Shaun , Montano‐Loza Aldo J , G Abraldes Juan , Wong Yu Jun 
Published: November 2024

ABSTRACTIntroductionThe safety of continuing anticoagulation therapy during endoscopic variceal ligation (EVL) remains controversial. We performed a systematic review and meta‐analysis to evaluate the safety of anticoagulation therapy in EVL.MethodsWe systematically searched four electronic databases from their inception until 1 June 2024, for studies that evaluated anticoagulation use and risk of rebleeding among patients undergoing EVL. The primary endpoint was rebleeding after EVL. The secondary endpoints were post‐banding ulcer bleeding (PBUB) and variceal eradication rate. The PROSPERO registration number is CRD42024556094.ResultsA total of 5617 participants from nine studies (eight cohort studies and one randomised trial) were included. The most common type of anticoagulation is low‐molecular‐weight heparin, followed by warfarin and direct oral anticoagulants (DOAC). The pooled risk of rebleeding was 10.9% (95%CI: 6.3–16.5; I2 = 65.5%). Concurrent anticoagulation during EVL did not increase the risk of overall rebleeding (OR, 1.10; 95%CI: 0.85–1.42, I2 = 0%), PBUB (OR, 1.04; 95%CI, 0.48–2.24; I2 = 24%) or severe bleeding (OR, 0.94; 95%CI, 0.31–2.85; I2 = 0%). Variceal eradication rates were similar, regardless of the use of anticoagulation therapy during EVL.ConclusionAnticoagulation did not increase the risk of rebleeding in patients who underwent EVL. Since the certainty of evidence is low, these findings should be confirmed in future randomised trials.
Aeroelastic force prediction via temporal fusion transformers
Authors: Cid Montoya Miguel , Mishra Ashutosh , Verma Sumit , Mures Omar A. , Rubio‐Medrano Carlos E. 
Published: November 2024

AbstractAero‐structural shape design and optimization of bridge decks rely on accurately estimating their self‐excited aeroelastic forces within the design domain. The inherent nonlinear features of bluff body aerodynamics and the high cost of wind tunnel tests and computational fluid dynamics (CFD) simulations make their emulation as a function of deck shape and reduced velocity challenging. State‐of‐the‐art methods address deck shape tailoring by interpolating discrete values of integrated flutter derivatives (FDs) in the frequency domain. Nevertheless, more sophisticated strategies can improve surrogate accuracy and potentially reduce the required number of samples. We propose a time domain emulation strategy harnessing temporal fusion transformers (TFTs) to predict the self‐excited forces time series before their integration into FDs. Emulating aeroelastic forces in the time domain permits the inclusion of time‐series amplitudes, frequencies, phases, and other properties in the training process, enabling a more solid learning strategy that is independent of the self‐excited forces modeling order and the inherent loss of information during the identification of FDs. TFTs' long‐ and short‐term context awareness, combined with their interpretability and enhanced ability to deal with static and time‐dependent covariates, make them an ideal choice for predicting unseen aeroelastic forces time series. The proposed TFT‐based metamodel offers a powerful technique for drastically improving the accuracy and versatility of wind‐resistant design optimization frameworks.
Agent‐based modelling of southward coastal migration by humpback whale mother–calf pods off eastern Australia
Authors: de Bie Jasper , Lee Serena B. , Meynecke Jan‐Olaf , Seyboth Elisa , Samanta Saumik , Vichi Marcello , Roychoudhury Alakendra , Mackey Brendan 
Published: November 2024

AbstractHumpback whales Megaptera novaeangliae encounter a variety of environmental conditions during seasonal migration between feeding grounds and breeding grounds. Relationships between environmental conditions and migratory movements are largely unknown due to a lack of oceanographic data coincident with their presence/absence. We begin to address this knowledge gap by developing a new agent‐based modelling (ABM) approach designed to predict southward migration of mother–calf (MC) pairs along a stretch of the east Australian coast between the Great Barrier Reef (GBR) and Gold Coast (GC) bay, which includes a known resting area, Hervey Bay (HB). To assess our ability to reproduce observed migration patterns, numerical experiments were undertaken in which static (bathymetry) and dynamic (currents, sea surface temperature) variables between August and October 2017 governed movements. These experiments revealed how bathymetry influences HB usage, and a necessity to apply different directionality preferences to whales before and after negotiating HB, which appear to closely align with coastline orientation. The ABM provides a novel, suitable framework for simulating MC humpback whale migration, and an important first step in the development of predictive models of humpback whale behavior. Developing such tools is increasingly necessary to predict how changing ocean conditions are likely to affect their distribution.
Does the Combination of Metabolic Syndrome and Low Fat‐Free Mass Shorten an Individual's Disability‐Free Life? A 12‐Year Prospective Cohort Study of the Korean Genome and Epidemiology Study (KoGES)
Authors: Shin Ji Hye , Yoon Ju Young 
Published: November 2024

ABSTRACTObjectiveThis study aims to explore the combined risk of metabolic syndrome (MetS) and low fat‐free mass (FFM) on an individual's disability‐free survival (DFS). Disability is defined as a composite of dementia, physical disability, and mortality.MethodsUsing data from the Korean Genome and Epidemiology Study, we divided 3721 participants aged 40–69 years based on their MetS status and FFM index (FFMI) score. Kaplan–Meier survival analysis and Cox regression were used to analyze differences in DFS between the four groups.ResultsFrom 108 events, MetS group had significantly shorter DFS than the non‐MetS group regardless of FFMI (p < 0.0001). After adjusting other potential confounding variables, the MetS group had a higher risk of shortened DFS regardless of FFMI, and the MetS group with low FFMI had a 2.06‐fold increased risk compared to the non‐MetS group with high FFMI (p < 0.001). Older age and lower income were also associated with higher risk of shorter DFS (p < 0.001).ConclusionsThe combination of MetS and low FFMI contribute to a cumulative risk of shortened DFS. Community nurses can perform MetS screening and body composition assessment to predict and control the risk of developing disability over time.
Successful implementation of a patient blood management programme in a lower middle‐income state
Authors: Brunetta Denise Menezes , Carvalho Luany Elvira Mesquita , Beserra Nathália Martins , Lima Claudianne Maia de Farias , Monteiro Claudia Mota Leite Barbosa , Araripe Lara Facundo de Alencar , Benevides Fernanda Luna Neri , de Oliveira Maria Isaaquielle Andrade , Silva Anastácia Maria Viana , Barbosa Suzanna Araújo Tavares , Oliveira Eliane Ribeiro da Costa , Cavalcante Davi Alves , Santos Franklin Jose Candido , Carlos Luciana Maria de Barros 
Published: November 2024

AbstractBackground and ObjectivesTransfusions are common, but their use is decreasing in some countries as a result of increased risk awareness and the implementation of patient blood management (PBM), an evidence‐based approach to optimize patient outcomes. This study aimed to detail the implementation of PBM in a Brazilian state and its impact on transfusion rates and associated costs.Materials and MethodsThe PBM implementation involved several strategies: medical education, haematology consultation services, provision of intravenous iron and other medications, establishment of PBM and perioperative anaemia clinics, cell salvage and acute normovolaemic haemodilution, anaemia reference laboratories and rotational thromboelastometry. The program's implementation was assessed through quality indicators and cost analysis.ResultsSince 2016, there have been reductions in transfusion rates, mainly in red blood cell (RBC) transfusion. Quality indicators showed an increase in single‐RBC transfusions from 53% in December 2015 to 85.9% in June 2024 and a decrease in transfusions for patients with Hb ≥7 g/dL from 5.9% in March 2021 to 2.7% in May 2024. The PBM programme led to an estimated annual cost saving of R$2.63 million (US $487,000), if considered RBC direct costs, and from R$9.69 million to R$16.145 million (US $1.79–$2.99 million) in activity‐based costs, considering only the reduction in RBC transfusions.ConclusionThe PBM programme in Ceará successfully reduced transfusion rates and associated costs through a multidisciplinary approach, medical education and government support. This model demonstrates the potential for significant healthcare improvements and cost savings and can serve as a benchmark for other regions and countries, especially in low‐ and middle‐income settings.
Investigation on Failure Mode of Short Carbon Fiber-Reinforced Thermoplastic Composites Joints of Nonmetallic Pipeline
Authors: Zong Xinwei , Wang Deyi , Shi Jianfeng , Yao Riwu 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
Pipe joints are weak points in nonmetallic pipeline systems, and their mechanical strength is essential for ensuring safe pipeline operation. By reinforcing with short carbon fiber-reinforced thermoplastic composites (SCFRTCs), the mechanical strength of pipe joints shows great improvement. Understanding the failure mechanisms of SCFRTCs joints is crucial for further structural enhancement and safe operation. In this study, the failure mode of SCFRTCs joints is first investigated through bursting tests. Microstructural analysis using scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and computed tomography (CT) reveals that stress concentration at the SCFRTCs joint initiates cracks formation. The progressive propagation of these cracks, leading to ultimate failure, is identified as the primary failure mechanism. Subsequently, a finite element model of SCFRTCs joints, incorporating contour integration for crack propagation, is constructed, and the energy release rate for crack propagation of SCFRTCs is experimentally determined. Simulation results confirm the stress concentration-induced crack initiation. Furthermore, the effect of joint wall thickness on structural strength of the SCFRTCs joint is analyzed. Increasing wall thickness improves the mechanical strength of SCFRTCs joint. However, most of the SCFRTCs in the joint remain at low stress levels, far from yielding when the crack initiates. As wall thickness increases, the strength utilization rate of SCFRTCs gradually decreases from 49.0% to as low as 14.9%, indicating that increasing wall thickness is not an effective method for enhancing structural strength, particularly under conditions of large wall thickness.
Determinants of Leptomeningeal Collateral Status in Acute Ischemic Stroke: A Systematic Review and Meta‐Analysis of Observational Studies
Authors: Li Kunyi , Jiang Hua , Yu Jianping , Liu Yong , Zhang Lili , Ma Bi , Zhu Shu , Qi Yinkuang , Li Shuang , Huang Yan , Yang Yuhan , Xia Xun , Wen Lan 
Published: November 2024

Background
Leptomeningeal collateral status is a major determinant of outcomes in patients with acute ischemic stroke; however, the factors that determine collateral status are not well understood. We conducted a comprehensive systematic review and meta‐analysis to identify determinants associated with collateral status in patients with anterior circulation infarction.

Methods and Results
The PubMed, EMBASE, Web of Science, and Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials databases were searched for studies that reported the determinants of leptomeningeal collateral status in acute ischemic stroke between January 2000 and June 2023. A random‐effects meta‐analysis model was used to pool the determinants of leptomeningeal collateral status. Eighty‐one studies with 17 366 patients met the inclusion criteria. We analyzed 31 potential risk factors, and the results indicated that worse leptomeningeal collateral status was significantly associated with older age (weighted mean difference, 1.22 [95% CI, 0.69 to 1.76]), male sex (odds ratio [OR], 1.12 [95% CI, 1.02 to 1.23]), hypertension (OR, 1.27 [95% CI, 1.15 to 1.40]), diabetes (OR, 1.21 [95% CI, 1.10 to 1.33]), atrial fibrillation (OR, 1.26 [95% CI, 1.09 to 1.46]), cardioembolic stroke (OR, 1.27 [95% CI, 1.04 to 1.55]), internal carotid artery occlusion (OR, 1.84 [95% CI, 1.50 to 2.25]), and higher admission blood glucose (weighted mean difference, 8.74 [95% CI, 2.52 to 18.51]).

Conclusions
Hypertension and diabetes could be modifiable risk factors associated with leptomeningeal collateral status. Older age and male sex could be nonmodified risk factors. Further high‐quality therapeutic studies focusing on controlling risk factors are needed to support our findings.
Clonal Hematopoiesis in Chronic Thromboembolic Pulmonary Hypertension
Authors: Momoi Mizuki , Katsumata Yoshinori , Kunimoto Hiroyoshi , Inami Takumi , Miya Fuyuki , Anzai Atsushi , Goto Shinichi , Miura Ayaka , Shinya Yoshiki , Hiraide Takahiro , Shirakawa Kohsuke , Endo Jin , Fukuda Keiichi , Ieda Masaki , Kosaki Kenjiro , Nakajima Hideaki , Kataoka Masaharu 
Published: November 2024

Background
The cause of chronic thromboembolic pulmonary hypertension (CTEPH) remains largely unknown. Recently, clonal hematopoiesis (CH) has been reported to be associated with cardiovascular and thromboembolic diseases. Here, we investigated the prevalence and clinical impact of CH in patients with CTEPH.

Methods and Results
Whole‐exome sequencing and deep‐panel sequencing were performed in 214 patients with CTEPH. Clinical data before and after treatment were compared between patients with and without CH. RNA sequencing and serum analysis were performed to explore the pathogenesis that CH contributes to CTEPH. Among the enrolled patients, 20.1%, notably 44.4% who were 80 to 89 years old, had variants in CH‐associated genes. In regard to clinical impact, B‐type natriuretic peptide levels and home oxygen therapy rate were significantly higher, and 6‐minute walk distance was significantly shorter after treatment in patients with CH than in those without CH. Moreover, novel clot reformation in the pulmonary artery despite the use of anticoagulants and additional angioplasty events after treatment completion were more frequent in patients with CH. RNA sequencing analysis revealed that blood coagulation and neutrophil extracellular trap formation pathways were enriched in patients with CH. Additionally, serum citrullinated histone H3 levels were higher in patients with CH than those without CH. These results were consistent in the subgroup of patients who did not have the history of hematological disorders.

Conclusions
The findings in this study raise the possibility that CH will induce a more prothrombotic state through neutrophil activation and neutrophil extracellular trap formation, contributing to pathogenesis and poor treatment response in patients with CTEPH.
Left Ventricular 3‐Dimensional Global Longitudinal Strain Predicts All‐Cause Mortality in Patients With Heart Transplant
Authors: Zhu Shuangshuang , Wu Chun , Zhang Yiwei , Qiao Weihua , Dong Nianguo , Li Yuman , Xie Mingxing , Zhang Li 
Published: November 2024

Background
The prognostic value of 3‐dimensional (3D)‐left ventricular global longitudinal strain (LVGLS) in recipients of heart transplant (HT) reremains unknown. This study aimed to determine whether 3D‐LVGLS was the more powerful predictor of poor outcomes in recipients of HT compared with 2‐dimensional (2D)‐LVGLS.

Methods and Results

All consecutive adult patients who received HT and underwent at least 1 comprehensive 2D and 3D transthoracic echocardiographic examination for clinical surveillance were retrospectively enrolled. The end point was all‐cause mortality. Prognostic model performance was assessed according to the C‐statistic. The 3D‐LVGLS measurements were feasible in 294 of 342 patients with HT (86%). The median follow‐up time was 53 months, and 44 HT redied. Receiver operating characteristic curves revealed that the area under the curve for predicting all‐cause mortality was greater for 3D‐LVGLS than 2D‐LVGLS (0.77 versus 0.67,
P
=0.012). When HT stratified patients with HT into tertiles according to 3D‐LVGLS values, patients with lower 3D‐LVGLS had worse outcome (
P
<0.001). The multivariable Cox analysis showed that the model with 3D‐LVGLS (hazard ratio [HR],1.44 [95% CI,1.24–1.68];
P
<0.001; C‐statistic=0.814) was better in predicting death than the model with 2D‐LVGLS (HR, 1.19 [95% CI, 1.06–1.32];
P
=0.002; C‐statistic=0.772). The best cutoff value of 3D‐LVGLS for detecting all‐cause mortality was −16.1%, with a sensitivity of 63.6% and a specificity of 84.0%.

Conclusions
The 3D‐LVGLS was a powerful predictor of all‐cause mortality in patients receiving HT and provided greater prognostic value than 2D‐LVGLS. Our study highlighted the potential of evaluating 3D‐LVGLS for risk stratification in recipients of HT.