bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Nurses’ knowledge, attitude, and practice of low-flow oxygen therapy and humidification
Authors: Tang Naiwang , Li Haiying , Zhang Jiayi , Ling Hua , Shi Linlin , Zhang Huili , Guo Qi , Yu Ronghuan 
Published: November 2024

ObjectiveNurses are key in administering oxygen therapy and managing its potential adverse effects in medical settings. This study aimed to investigate the knowledge, attitudes, and practices (KAP) regarding low-flow oxygen therapy and humidification among nurses.MethodsThis cross-sectional study was conducted from January 2024 to March 2024 at Shanghai Xuhui Central Hospital. Demographic data and KAP scores were collected through questionnaires.ResultA total of 243 valid questionnaires were collected. Among them, 228 (93.8%) were female, and 93 (38.3%) had been working for more than 10 years. The mean scores for knowledge, attitudes, and practices were 11.11 ± 4.30 (Ranging 0–18), 29.14 ± 3.41 (Ranging 7–35), and 28.07 ± 4.73 (Ranging 7–35), respectively. Multivariate logistic regression confirmed that knowledge (OR = 1.302, 95% CI: [1.167–1.453], p &lt; 0.001) and attitudes (OR = 1.196, 95% CI: [1.080–1.325], p &lt; 0.001) were independently associated with proactive practices. Structural equation modeling (SEM) corroborated the direct influences of training (β = 3.210, p &lt; 0.001) and clinical experience (β = 2.044, p = 0.002) on knowledge, with knowledge (β = 0.379, p &lt; 0.001) and gender (β = −1.642, p = 0.037) directly impacting attitudes. Additionally, knowledge (β = 0.395, p &lt; 0.001), attitudes (β = 0.340, p &lt; 0.001), and equipment utilization (β = 1.098, p &lt; 0.001) directly influenced practices.ConclusionNurses demonstrated inadequate knowledge, positive attitudes, and inactive practices toward low-flow oxygen therapy and humidification. Enhanced training and increased clinical experience are recommended to improve nurses’ knowledge and practice in this area.
Application of machine learning in acute upper gastrointestinal bleeding: bibliometric analysis
Authors: Li Qun , Chen Guolin , Li Qiongjie , Guo Dongna 
Published: November 2024

BackgroundIn the past decade, the application of machine learning (ML) in the clinical management of acute upper gastrointestinal bleeding (AUGIB) has received much attention and has become a hot research topic. However, no scientometric report has systematically summarized and outlined the research progress in this field.ObjectiveThis study aims to utilize bibliometric analysis methods to delve into the applications of machine learning in AUGIB and the collaborative network behind it over the past decade. Through a thorough analysis of relevant literature, we uncover the research trends and collaboration patterns in this field, which can provide valuable references and insights for further in-depth exploration in the same field.MethodsUsing the Web of Science (WOS) as the data source, this study explores academic development in a specific field from December 2013 to December 2023. The search strategy included terms related to “Machine Learning” and “Acute Upper Gastrointestinal Bleeding”. Only original articles in English focusing on ML in AUGIB were included. The analysis of downloaded literature with Citespace software, including keyword co-occurrence, author collaboration networks, and citation relationship networks, reveals academic dynamics, research hotspots, and collaboration trends.ResultsAfter sorting and compiling, we have collected 73 academic papers written by 217 authors from 133 institutions in 29 countries worldwide. Among them, China and AM J GASTROENTEROL have made significant contributions in this field, providing many high-quality research achievements. The study found that these papers mainly focus on three core research hotspots: deepening clinical consensus, precise analysis of medical images, and optimization of data integration and decision support systems.ConclusionsThis study summarizes the latest advancements in the application of machine learning to AUGIB research. Through bibliometric analysis and network visualization, it reveals emerging trends, origins, leading institutions, and hot topics in this field. While this area has already demonstrated significant potential in medical artificial intelligence, our findings will provide valuable insights for future research directions and clinical practices.
A novel integrated nutrition-combined prognostic index for predicting overall survival after radical gastrectomy
Authors: Li Xiang , Fu Zhongxue , Zhang Jun , Xu Jinming , Wang Lianwei , Li Ke 
Published: November 2024

ObjectiveThe objectives of this study were to integrate the Prognostic Nutritional Index, Controlling Nutritional Status, and Nutritional Risk Index, into a novel Nutrition-combined Prognostic Index (NCPI), and to develop and validate a nomogram to predict overall survival (OS) in patients with gastric cancer (GC).Materials and methodsData from 609 patients with GC, collected between January 1, 2017, and April 30, 2023, were retrospectively analyzed. Optimal cut-off values for nutritional parameters were determined using X-Tile software, and the Kaplan–Meier method applied for survival analysis. Univariate, least absolute shrinkage and selection operator, and multivariate Cox regression analyses were conducted, and a nomogram for predicting OS in patients with GC constructed and validated.ResultsInferior nutritional status was strongly correlated with worse clinicopathologic features and prognosis of patients with GC. NCPI, body mass index, American Joint Committee on Cancer T stage, and lymph node ratio were identified as independent risk factors for OS. A nomogram including these factors predicted 1-, 3-, and 5-year OS, with training and validation set C-index values of 0.716 and 0.77, respectively. Calibration curves demonstrated that the predicted outcomes closely matched the actual results, and decision curve analysis highlighted the high practical value of the model.ConclusionThe novel nutritional marker, NCPI, is closely associated with the clinicopathologic features and OS of patients with GC. The practical value of the NCPI-based nomogram was demonstrated and a web-based calculator developed.
Nutrition status of nulliparous married women (15–24 years) in South Asia: trends, predictors, and program implications
Authors: Kumar Abhishek , Sethi Vani , Murira Zivai , Prakash Atma , Shrestha Anita , Joe William 
Published: November 2024

IntroductionPreconception nutrition, the nutritional status of women before pregnancy, is crucial for maternal and child health. Interventions focusing on preconception nutrition can help break the intergenerational cycle of malnutrition by improving the health and nutritional status of women before pregnancy. This study investigated the recent trends and patterns in the nutritional status of nulliparous adolescents and young women across six countries in South Asia: Bangladesh, India, Maldives, Nepal, Pakistan, and Sri Lanka.MethodsThis study utilized the cross-sectional data from the Demographic and Health Survey (DHS) conducted between 2010 and 2022 for six South Asian countries. A total sample of 20,024 nulliparous married women aged 15–24 years was analyzed to estimate the pooled prevalence for various anthropometric outcomes. Annual changes in the prevalence of the outcome indicators were presented for each country. Predictors of thinness and overweight were analyzed using logistic regression models.ResultsBased on the latest rounds of DHS for respective countries, the pooled weighted prevalence of thinness was 24.4%, overweight was 24.8%, and short height was 11.3%. The prevalence of underweight ranged from 14.6% in Pakistan (DHS 2018) to 25.9% in India (DHS 2021). The least reduction in the prevalence of underweight was observed in India at 2.8% and Nepal at 0.7%. Based on the latest surveys, the mean BMI among women aged 15–24 years was the highest in Maldives (24.1, 95% CI: 23.4, 24.8) and Pakistan (22.9, 95% CI: 22.2, 23.5) and the lowest in India (20.9, 95% CI: 20.9, 21.0) and Nepal (20.8, 95% CI: 20.4, 21.2). The pooled prevalence of thinness and short height was high in rural areas (26.2 and 11.8%), among less educated (28.1 and 14.5%), and bottom 40% wealth quintile groups (29.8 and 15.8%). Compared to young women (20–24 years), adolescent girls were 39% more likely to be underweight (OR: 1.39; 95% CI: 1.25, 1.54).ConclusionThe findings highlight the need to broaden the scope of policies and programs designed for pregnant and lactating women so that nulliparous married women can be screened frequently for their anthropometric progress. Given the uneven distribution of the burden, it is recommended to implement comprehensive nutrition packages to reach all population subgroups across the regions.
Increase in body weight is lowered when mice received fecal microbiota transfer from donor mice treated with the AT1 receptor antagonist telmisartan
Authors: Freschi Marco L. , Künstner Axel , Huber Gianna , Stölting Ines , Busch Hauke , Hirose Misa , Raasch Walter 
Published: November 2024

IntroductionTreatment of rodents with the AT1 blocker (ARB) telmisartan (TEL) has an anti-adipose effect. Among other mechanisms, we also have attributed the anti-adipose action to diet-independent alterations in gut microbiota. Thus, we aimed here to confirm this mechanism by using the fecal microbiota transfer (FMT) approach.MethodsSeven weeks after initiating a high-fat diet (HFD), C57BL/6N mice received fecal microbiota for 8 weeks from donor mice by oral gavage, continuing HFD feeding. Stool samples came from mice that were treated with TEL (8 mg/kg/d by gavage, 12 weeks), thus remaining lean despite HFD feeding (BL/6&gt;fTEL), while controls received feces samples from vehicle/HFD-treated obese mice (BL/6&gt;fVEH). Microbiota of the stool samples from these acceptor mice was analyzed by 16S rRNA gene amplicon sequencing.ResultsWeight gain was lower in BL6&gt;fTEL than in BL6&gt;fVEH mice after 3 but not 8 weeks. Energy homeostasis, insulin sensitivity, and body composition did not differ between the two groups. β-diversity indicated group differences (F = 2.27, p = 0.005). Although the Firmicutes/Bacteroides ratio did not differ, abundances of distinct phyla, families, and genera varied. Among others, Ruminococcaceae and Desulfovibrionaceae, Desulfovibrionia uncl., and Lachnospiraceae uncl. were lower in BL/6&gt;fTEL than in BL/6&gt;fVEH mice. Moreover, the correlation between body weight and Lachnospiraceae, Desulfovibrionaceae, Desulfovibrionia uncl., or Desulfovibrio was positive in BL/6&gt;fVEH and negative in BL/6&gt;fTEL mice.DiscussionAs FMT from TEL-pretreated mice influences the microbiota in acceptor mice with slight weight-reducing effects, we confirm the relevance of TEL-related microbiota changes for weight reduction, most likely independent of the transferred stool-residual TEL effect on the host metabolism.
Integrated chemical analysis, metabolic profiling, network pharmacology, molecular docking and toxicity prediction to reveal the active ingredients and their safety of raw and prepared rhubarbs in the treatment of gastric ulcers
Authors: Wang Chenxi , Zhao Xin , Jiang Jingjing , Jia Mengqi , Shi Wenqing , Wu Zhenghua , Feng Shiyu , Fan Guorong , Lou Yuefen 
Published: November 2024

BackgroundRhubarb, containing raw rhubarb (RR) and two processed products (steamed rhubarb, SR; carbonized rhubarb, CR), is commonly used in high-doses for the treatment of peptic ulcer, especially gastric ulcer (GU). However, their active ingredients, therapeutic targets, and potential mechanism remain unclear. Meanwhile, the safety of these active ingredients is also worth studying.MethodsAn offline two-dimensional low-pressure liquid chromatography/high-performance liquid chromatography coupled with high resolution mass spectrometry method was applied to identify the chemical constituents of RR, SR, and CR. Then, the plasma and urine samples of rats after oral administration of RR, SR, and CR were studied for metabolite profiling. Based on the analysis of ingredients in vivo, the key active constituents, core therapeutic targets and key signaling pathways of RR, SR, and CR against GU were screened via network pharmacology and molecular docking. Finally, the efficacy and safety of these key active ingredients were evaluated.ResultsTotally, 183, 120 and 115 compounds were identified or tentatively characterized from RR, SR and CR, respectively. Meanwhile, 190, 182 and 180 components were identified after oral administration of RR, SR and CR. By network pharmacology and molecular docking, torachrysone, hydroxyemodin, 6-methylrhein, rhein and emodin anthrone might be the predominant effective constituents in RR, SR, and CR with AKT1 and EGFR being their key targets during the treatment of GU. Moreover, EGFR/PI3K/AKT signaling pathway might play a crucial role in the therapeutic mechanism of GU. In silio ADMET predictions categorized 5 compounds as drugs with good oral bioavailability, but these components may induce liver injury.ConclusionOverall, our results not only clarified the active substances and molecular mechanism for enhancing our understanding about the traditional efficacy, but also pay attention to the clinical safety issues of raw and prepared rhubarbs.
Effect of Coptidis Rhizoma on gastrointestinal system before and after processing with wine based on gut microbiota and short chain fatty acids
Authors: Tian Rui , Wang Wen-Xiao , Bai Ya-Ya , Tang Yu-Ping , Zhang Qiao , Yue Shi-Jun 
Published: November 2024

BackgroundCoptis deltoidea C.Y. Cheng et Hsiao (CD), commonly used in the treatment of heat-toxin congestion and excessiveness. However, CD needs to be processed with wine for alleviating the bitter and cold of CD, meanwhile, reducing the gastrointestinal damage. The research assessed the discrepant effects of CD on gastrointestinal system before and after processing with wine, and explore the potential mechanisms.MethodsThe ingredients in CD and CD processed with wine (PCD) were performed on Ultra Performance Liquid Chromatography Mass Spectrometry (UPLC-MS). The mice were treated with CD and PCD once a day for 6 weeks (0.65 and 2.6 g/kg, i.g.). The pathological changes of gastrointestinal tract were evaluated, and the serum inflammatory factors and Nuclear Factor kappa-light-chain-enhancer of activated B cells (NF-κB) RelA (p65) protein of tissues were determined. The short chain fatty acids (SCFAs) of feces were analyzed by UPLC-MS, the gut microbiota (GM) changes were performed on 16 S rRNA sequencing.ResultsIngredients analysis declared that the alkaloids, flavonoids, phenylpropanoid compounds were the main metabolites in CD and PCD. CD reduced body weight and food intake, and the effect of CD on fecal water content increased first and then decreased with the prolongation of administration time, while its effect on intestinal transport time was exactly the opposite, reduced the SCFAs contents of feces. CD caused different degree of damage to the gastrointestinal tract, and the effect on the small intestine and colon was more obvious, which increased the expression of NF-κB p65 and elevated the inflammatory factors levels. PCD were weaker than that of CD. In addition, CD and PCD can change the composition of GM, and reduced the levels of Lactobacillus, Allobaculum, Ruminococcus, and norank_f_S24-7, increased the levels of Akkermansia, Dorea, Bacteroides, and Blautia at the genus level. However, PCD induced a milder effect of GM dysregulation than that of CD.ConclusionCD can cause damage to the gastrointestinal tract, which may be related to the GM disorders, SCFAs changes-mediated by GM, abnormal NF-κB p65 expression and increased inflammatory factors levels, interestingly, PCD had a lower effect than CD, which may be related to the differences in the types and contents of ingredients in CD after processing. And this study provided data support for the mechanism of processing with wine to alleviate “bitter-cold injury the stomach” of CD.
Efficient generation of HPLC and FTIR data for quality assessment using time series generation model: a case study on Tibetan medicine Shilajit
Authors: Ding Rong , He Shiqi , Wu Xuemei , Zhong Liwen , Chen Guopeng , Gu Rui 
Published: November 2024

BackgroundThe scarcity and preciousness of plateau characteristic medicinal plants pose a significant challenge in obtaining sufficient quantities of experimental samples for quality evaluation. Insufficient sample sizes often lead to ambiguous and questionable quality assessments and suboptimal performance in pattern recognition. Shilajit, a popular Tibetan medicine, is harvested from high altitudes above 2000 m, making it difficult to obtain. Additionally, the complex geographical environment results in low uniformity of Shilajit quality.MethodsTo address these challenges, this study employed a deep learning model, time vector quantization variational auto- encoder (TimeVQVAE), to generate data matrices based on chromatographic and spectral for different grades of Shilajit, thereby increasing in the amount of data. Partial least squares discriminant analysis (PLS-DA) was used to identify three grades of Shilajit samples based on original, generated, and combined data.ResultsCompared with the originally generated high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) data, the data generated by TimeVQVAE effectively preserved the chemical profile. In the test set, the average matrices for HPLC, FTIR, and combined data increased by 32.2%, 15.9%, and 23.0%, respectively. On the real test data, the PLS-DA model’s classification accuracy initially reached a maximum of 0.7905. However, after incorporating TimeVQVAE-generated data, the accuracy significantly improved, reaching 0.9442 in the test set. Additionally, the PLS-DA model trained with the fused data showed enhanced stability.ConclusionThis study offers a novel and effective approach for researching medicinal materials with small sample sizes, and addresses the limitations of improving model performance through data augmentation strategies.
Antecedents of academic actual help-seeking behaviour and support services utilisation among distance education students
Authors: Somuah Beatrice Asante , Ahiatrogah Paul Dela , Segbenya Moses , Bervell Brandford 
Published: November 2024

IntroductionThe purpose of the study was to unravel the determinants that necessitate academic help-seeking intentions and promote the utilisation of support services among distance education students.MethodsThis study adopted a quantitative approach based on cross-sectional survey design. The target population of the study comprised all distance education students of the College of Distance Education, University of Cape Coast. A multi-stage sampling procedure was used to select a sample of 290 respondents for the study. The main data collection instrument was a questionnaire and the data was collected from June to December, 2023. Descriptive statistics (mean and standard deviation) were used to analyse preliminary data, while the main data was analysed by structural equation modelling technique.Results and discussionThe study found that social support, subjective needs, and availability of help were the antecedents of actual academic help-seeking behaviour among distance learners. Depressive needs were not considered as an antecedent of help-seeking behaviour. Thus, social support, subjective needs, and availability of help were significantly related to actual help-seeking behaviour among distance learners. The study further found that actual help-seeking behaviour among distance learners was also significantly related to the actual use of support services available to these learners. Finally, actual help-seeking behaviour among distance learners significantly mediated the relationship between social support, subjective needs, availability of help, and actual use of support services available to distance students. It was therefore recommended that authorities of distance education should make support services available to distance learners online and in-person to be able to meet the needs of different categories of students as well as the provisions of platforms for building social support systems among distance learners.
Aging with board games: fostering well-being in the older population
Authors: Guardabassi Veronica , Manoni Evelyn , Di Massimo Marta , Cirilli Elisa , Maranesi Alessandro , Nicolini Paola 
Published: November 2024

IntroductionThe increase in the average age of the population has resulted in a greater focus on interventions designed to facilitate successful Ageing. Notwithstanding its potential, the strategy of the board game remains relatively underexplored. This study aims to ascertain its role in fostering older people’s well-being. Specifically, it was hypothesized that the level of well-being associated with the gaming experience is greater than overall well-being, particularly when the level of difficulty is low.MethodsFrom an initial number of 164 participants, a total of 132 older people made up the final sample (Mage = 74.05; SD = 5.62). They were divided into groups of four or five individuals and engaged in a gaming session of varying levels of difficulty: low (N = 44), medium(N = 49) and high (N = 36). Prior to each game session, participants completed a questionnaire regarding their general well-being. After the game session, they filled out a similar questionnaire regarding their well-being while gaming.ResultsThe results showed that the level of well-being experienced while playing was significantly higher than that observed in daily life, F(1,131) = 14.604, p = 0.000, η2 = 0.100, particularly with board games with a low or medium level of difficulty, [F(2,126) =  = 10.982, p = .001, η2 = 0.148].DiscussionBoard games with an appropriate level of difficulty can be useful tools for promoting wellbeing in the older population. Future studies and possible interventions for people in the third and fourth ages will be discussed.