bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
CLINICAL AND IMMUNOLOGICAL INFLAMMATORY PATTERNS OF BRONCHIAL ASTHMA IN OBESE PATIENTS
Authors: Konischeva A. Yu. , Gervazieva V. B. , Mazurina S. A. 
Published: September 2019

We aimed to investigate immunological patterns of inflammation and autoimmunity, in bronchial asthma (BA) associated with obesity. Materials and methods. 109 people aged from 17 to 58 years with various body weights have been examined in total, including 64 individuals with allergic diseases as bronchial asthma (BA) and allergic rhinitis (AR). We performed the measurement of the body mass index according to WHO criteria, and evaluation of the asthma severity and comorbid conditions. In the samples of peripheral blood we measured biochemical tests (cholesterol and its fractions), spontaneous and PHA-induced production of cytokines: IL-4, IL-10, IL-17, TNF-, and serum levels of C-reactive protein (CRP), leptin, total IgE and IgE-autoAT, specific for a number of tissue AH (epithelial keratin, collagen 3 and 6 types, elastin and myosin). Results. Our study showed that in both groups of adults, the obesity was associated with increasing of acute phase proteins, CRP, leptin and TNF-α in serum, being most enhanced in asthma group. Individuals with excess body weight are characterized by significantly an increased level of acute phase proteins (Westergren ESR, CRP) and pro-inflammatory cytokines (TNF-α) in serum, thereby confirming the involvement of systemic inflammation in the obesity pathogenesis. The phenotype of BA with obesity is characterized by overproduction of CRP and leptin, along with increased spontaneous production of IL-4 and TNF-α, and also revealed sIgE to self-antigen as keratin, that in total could indicate more prominent inflammatory pathways with the impairment of immune regulation in this endotype of patients. Conclusion. The revealed associations confirm the link between obesity, as a chronic inflammatory condition, with atopy and development of asthma with further immune-mediated inflammation of the conduction airways.
INDUCTION OF SECONDARY BACTERIAL PNEUMONIA IN MICE INFECTED WITH PANDEMIC AND LABORATORY STRAINS OF THE H1N1 INFLUENZA VIRUS
Authors: Leneva I. A. , Egorov A. Yu. , Falynskova I. N. , Маkhmudоvа N. R. , Kartashova N. P. , Glubokova E. A. , Vartanova N. O. , Poddubikov A. V. 
Published: September 2019

Aim. In this study we developed and characterized a mouse model of secondary S. aureus and S. pneumoniae pneumonia following influenza virus infection with H1N1 pandemic and laboratory strains and their reassortment. Materials and methods. BALB/с mice were infected intranasally with A/California/04/2009/(H1N1 pndm), A/Puerto Rico/8/34 or their reassortment NIBRG-121xp followed by different strains of S. аureus и S. pneumoniae. The pathogenicity of infection was assessed by mouse survival and weight change, viral titre and bacterial count in the lungs. Results. It was shown that the infection of mice with three strains of the H1N1 influenza virus with a comparable level of pathogenicity leads to a different severity of secondary bacterial infection. The mouse adapted A/California/04/2009 pandemic strain possessed the greatest ability to alter antibacterial immunity. Conclusion. An experimental model of post-influenza bacterial pneumonia utilizing three strains of the H1N1 influenza virus and various strains of S. aureus or S. pneumoniae was established. The ability of viruses to provoke bacterial superinfection of different severity is characterized.
REPLICATION OF HIV-1 SUBTYPE A6 IN THE PRESENCE OF HORMONES INCLUDED IN THE MODERN HORMONAL CONTRACEPTIVES
Authors: Nosik M. N. , Ryzhov K. A. , Potapova A. V. 
Published: September 2019

Aim. To study how female hormones included in oral contraceptives (β-estradiol and progesteron) affect HIV-1 replication and efficacy of antiviral drugs. Material and methods. Peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) and cell lines MT-4, Jurkat were infected with HIV-1 (subtype A6). Afterwards the cells were cultured for 6 days in the presence of β-estradiol/progesteron with or without the presence of antiretroviral drugs Lamivudin (3TC), Etravirin(ETR) and Indinavir (IDV), which are widely used for HIV treatment. Virus production was monitored by p24 levels in culture supernatants on day 6. The experemints were performed in eight repetitions. Results. There was a 1,3-1,8-fold increase of virus replication in the presence of high concentrations of both hormones (26,136 μg/ml). Incomplete suppression of viral replication was observed when infected cells were co-cultivated in the presence of hormones (26 μg, 136 μg) and antiretroviral drugs. The mean suppression rate of viral replication for β-estradiol was 77.3% and 69.8% for progesterone. However, in the absence of hormones the virus production was completely suppressed by those drugs. Conclusion. The high concentrations of steroid hormones induce HIV-1 replication and as a result reduce the efficacy of antiretroviral drugs NVP and IDV in vitro. Thus it is advisable for women at high risk of HIV infection to monitor hormone levels that change during the menstrual cycle and pregnancy before prescribing hormonal contraception.
Immune mechanisms of community-acquired pneumonia and copd due to infectious etiology and methods of immunotherapy
Authors: Korovkina E. S. , Kostinov M. P. 
Published: September 2019

Novadays a growing number of immunodependent diseases observed. There are 3 main groups of diseases of the immune system: immunodeficiency, allergic and autoimmune diseases. Also at the foundation of the brocken functions of the immune system could be the age of the patients, the chronic diseases, the localization of the inflammatory process, etiological characterization of the pathogen and various disorders of the immune system, especially in the case of existing genetic defects. In recent years, the increasing significance of conditionally pathogenic microflora in the development of pathology associated with the infection. Community-acquired pneumonia and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) are characterized by high morbidity and mortality. The inclusion in the traditional therapy drugs with immunomodulatory effects helps enhance the action the treatment. Azoximer bromide could helps to reduce the duration and severity of the disease and reduce the incidence of severe forms of the disease. Also in recent years, the immunomodulatory drugs are of special interest immunomodulators of bacterial origin on the basis of which are constructed of antibacterial therapeutic vaccine. All of the above indicates the need to further develop pathogenetic, including immunocorrecting therapy, especially in severe disease.
Analysis of natural focal infections incidence in the south of the European part of the Russian Federation in 2017
Authors: Vasilenko N. F. , Maletskaya O. V. , Taran T. V. , Prislegina D. A. , Manin E. A. , Semenko O. V. , Kulichenko A. N. 
Published: September 2019

Aim. The analysis of epidemiological situation on natural focal infections in the south of the European part of the Russian Federation in 2017. Materials and methods. Data of statistical documentation of Departments of Rospotrebnadzor, Centers of Hygiene and Epidemiology in subjects of the Russian Federation, Plague Control Research Institutions and Anti-Plague stations from 8 subjects of the Southern and 7 subjects of the North-Caucasian Federal Districts were used. The findings have been treated using by Microsoft Excel 2010 program. Results. On the territory of the south of the European part of the Russian Federation 962 cases of natural focal infectious diseases (of which 89 per cent were bacterial etiology and 11 per cent were viral etiology) were identified in 2017. Compared with 2016 the rate of bacterial natural focal infections increased by 2,3 per cent, the rate of viral natural focal infections decreased by 50,7 per cent. The number of natural focal infections patients decreased by 8 per cent compared to the previous year. The most of epidemiological complications were observed on the «tick-borne» infections, the rate of which in the general structure of the reported natural focal infections cases amounted to 78,6 per cent (756 patients). Also 6 dengue fever cases were registered, but all of the patients might have acquired the disease after travelling to other areas. Conclusion. The analysis of natural focal infections morbidity in the south of the European part of the Russian Federation in 2017 demonstrates the retention of activity of the natural foci of bacterial and viral infections, therefore questions of prevention of natural focal infectious diseases and constant monitoring of their natural foci in subjects of the Southern and North-Caucasian Federal Districts had the particular relevance.
Biological safety of public events: assessment of external epidemiological threat
Authors: Efremenko D. V. , Vasilenko N. F. , Efremenko V. I. 
Published: September 2019

Division of infections into the constituting individual and population danger taking into account the territorial and seasonal risks of distribution at their drift is proved in article and the differentiation of the last on threat of emergence of emergency situation of biological character at epidemic manifestations that will allow to optimize algorithms of reaction and the organization of antiepidemic actions. The new relative criterion «orient number of infections from one source» reflecting potential ability of the activator to be transferred in human population is offered. Assessment of risk of distribution and threat of emergence of emergency situation at the drift on the territory of the Russian Federation of some diseases constituting population danger is carried out: plagues (in pulmonary and bubonic forms), cholera, hemorrhagic fevers with the leading contact mechanism of transfer of the activator, especially dangerous the ortopoxvirus and the coronavirus of infections, the Crimean hemorrhagic fever, poliomyelitis.
Switching of Burkholderia pseudomallei colony morphotypes in stationary condition and in the organism of experimental animals
Authors: Merinova L. K. , Korol E. V. , Senina T. V. , Merinova O. A. , Sharov T. N. , Plekhanova N. G. 
Published: September 2019

Aim. Сharacterization of Burkholderia pseudomallei 110 morphotypes, obtained under various cultivation conditions, studying phenotypic characteristics and switching of colony morphology after removal of stress and in the organism of experimental animals. Materials and methods. Morphotypes were induced by passage of B. pseudomallei 110 in LB, sterile river water and in Tetrahymena pyriformis cells, identified on Ashdown medium, classified according to Chantratita et al., some phenotypic characteristics have been determined. Cultures of morphotypes were stored for 6-10 months in 0,4% Nutrient agar under liquid petrolatun and colony morphology was analyzed. Results. Seven morphotypes of colonies were identified and designated I Chl, II, III Chl, IV Chl, V, VI, and VII Chl. The variability of morphotypes and their ratio depended on cultivation conditions. Morphotypes were distinguished by the activity of extracellular enzymes, mobility, characterized by increase of porin proteins production, variation in protein mass-spectrums, and decrease of virulence. From animals infected with all morphotypes was obtained I Chl morphotype; during storage, all cultures acquired the structure of morphotype VI (VII Chl) of the original strain, similar enzymatic activity and partially restored virulence. Conclusion. The morphotype VI (VII Chl) B. pseudomallei 110 under stress conditions gives rise to 5 other morphotypes that in the animals are switched to the morphotype I Chl; after removal of the stressful effect they are reverted to the initial morphological variant and its phenotypic properties are restored.
Evaluation of the qualitative and quantitative composition of or al microbiota in patients with medial osteonecrosis of the jaw
Authors: Ivanyushko T. P. , Polyakov K. A. , Kunizheva M. A. , Ivanov S. Yu. , Abramov D. D. 
Published: September 2019

Aim. To determine the qualitative and quantitative composition of the oral microbiota in patients with medial osteonecrosis of the jaw (MOJ). Materials and methods. Microbiota was evaluated in 15 patients with medial osteonecrosis of the jaw. An assessment was made of 12 groups of optional and obligate-anaerobic microorganisms. Evaluation of the qualitative and quantitative composition of oral microbiota in patients with MOJ was performed by real-time polymerase chain reaction (PCR-RT). Results. The aerobic-anaerobic microbiota composition in patients with MOJ in the oral fluid and separated from the fistula is presented. The values of the total bacterial mass (TBM) and all anaerobic microorganisms in the oral fluid in patients with MOJ before treatment were higher by 1-3 orders of magnitude than in healthy individuals. In the jaw, separated from the fistula in the zone of necrosis of the jaw, these parameters were higher by 2-4 orders than in the oral fluid. Prior to surgery, a course of antibiotic therapy was conducted for 7 days. As a result of the therapy, the parameters of anaerobic microflora in the oral fluid decreased. The use of cefazolin was more effective than lincomycin. In 1 year after surgical treatment, the index of TBM and the indices of anaerobic microorganisms did not differ from those of healthy individuals. Conclusion. Patients with medical osteonecrosis of the jaw have a high level of anaerobic pathogens in the oral microbiota. The course of antibiotic therapy and surgical intervention are effective methods of treatment of MOJ, as they lead to effective sanation, and allow further endoprosthetics.
Real-World Clinical Outcomes among Individuals with Chronic HCV Infection in China: CCgenos Study
Authors: Rao Huiying , Xie Qing , Shang Jia , Gao Zhiliang , Chen Hong , Sun Yongtao , Jiang Jianning , Niu Junqi , Zhang Lunli , Wang Lei , Zhao Longfeng , Li Jun , Yang Ruifeng , Zhu Siyun , Li Runqin , Wei Lai 
Published: September 2019

Background This 5-year follow-up of the CCgenos cross-sectional study aimed to observe real-life outcomes in a cohort of 997 Han Chinese patients with chronic HCV infection and to explore the impacts of HCV genotype, patient characteristics and treatment status. Methods Clinical information and centralized HCV RNA measures were collected every 6/3 months for untreated/treated patients. Overall disease progression was defined as ≥1 of: de novo development of cirrhosis, Child-Turcotte-Pugh score increased by ≥2 points (if cirrhosis at baseline), progression to decompensated cirrhosis, hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), liver transplant or death. Cox regression assessed risk factors for the time from estimated infection to cirrhosis or HCC. Logistic regression assessed risk factors for incidence rates of cirrhosis and overall disease progression. Results 281 of 514 patients enrolled across China completed 5 years of follow-up. Overall disease progression occurred in 36/364 (9.9%) treated patients and 35/148 (23.6%) untreated patients (odds ratio = 0.35; 95% CI 0.21, 0.59; P<0.0001). Overall disease progression occurred in 6/231 (2.6%) patients achieving sustained virological response at 24 weeks (SVR24) versus 11/82 (13.4%) who did not ( P=0.0002). Cirrhosis development was significantly associated with abnormal aspartate aminotransferase (AST), age ≥40 years, body mass index ≥28 kg/m2, HCV GT1, platelet count <100x109/l, and AST to platelet ratio index (APRI) ≥2 (multivariate Cox regression, P<0.05). HCC was significantly associated with HCV GT1 and platelet count <100x109/l (multivariate Cox regression, P<0.05). Conclusions Achieving SVR24 significantly reduced the probability of overall disease progression but no significant difference was seen for both cirrhosis and HCC during 5 years of follow-up.
Modelagem matemática: reflexões sobre a primeira experiência vivida
Authors: Huf Samuel Francisco , Burak Dionísio 
Published: September 2019

Este artigo apresenta o relato de uma experiência realizada com uma atividade de Modelagem Matemática na Educação Matemática, desenvolvida baseando-se nas novas tendências para o ensino e aprendizagem de matemática. A questão principal é: O que se mostra em uma atividade de Modelagem em relação à participação dos estudantes e do professor? Este artigo tem como objetivo descrever e analisar a atividade de Modelagem Matemática, no contexto do tema “água”, sob o ponto de vista do professor e dos estudantes em uma primeira experiência. Por meio dessa primeira experiência, ainda com lacunas, foi possível constatar diferença considerável entre a prática educativa utilizando a Modelagem e a prática usual de ensino. A saída da zona de conforto do professor mostra que é possível a formação de um estudante mais crítico e mais preparado.
Impacto da universidade pública no índice de desenvolvimento humano de municípios no Estado do Paraná
Authors: Teleginski Diego Estevam , Rau Carina , Nascimento Décio Estevão do 
Published: September 2019

A universidade é capaz de promover o desenvolvimento socioeconômico de uma região. Este artigo avalia o impacto da instalação de uma universidade pública nos municípios paranaenses. Foram selecionados, para acompanhamento, os 20 primeiros no ranking do índice de desenvolvimento humano municipal (IDHM), no ano de 1991 e avaliada a sua variação até 2010. Como critério foi estabelecido que somente cidades que não possuíam universidade pública em 1991 seriam analisadas, restando 15 para o estudo. No período analisado, 6 das 15 cidades receberam a instalação de uma universidade pública e as outras 9 não. Acompanhando a evolução do IDHM nestas cidades, entre 1991 e 2010 – ano da última apuração do índice, foi identificado que as 6 cidades que receberam universidade pública se mantiveram na lista das 20 melhores em 2010, enquanto que 5 das 9 cidades que não possuíam universidade deixaram de figurar entre os 20 melhores IDHM. Testes estatísticos confirmaram que a diferença no IDHM, gerada pela presença de uma universidade pública, é representativa. Em 1991, dentre os 20 melhores IDHM do Paraná, 15 não tinham universidade pública, em 2010 eram apenas 6. Observa-se uma tendência desta lista ser formada, num futuro próximo, exclusivamente por municípios que possuam universidade pública.
Taste Masking of Enalapril Maleate by the Precipitation Method
Authors: Georgieva Yana Zh. , Pilicheva Bissera A. , Kokova Vesela Yu. , Apostolova Elisaveta G. , Kassarova Margarita I. 
Published: September 2019

Background: Taste masking of bitter or unpleasant drugs is an important prerequisite to improve patient compliance, especially for children and elderly patients. We aimed at obtaining taste-masked microparticles intended for incorporation into orodispersible tablets (ODTs). We selected the precipitation method using enalapril maleate (ENA) as a model bitter-tasting drug and Eudragit EPO&reg; as a pH sensitive polymer.
Aim: The aim of this study was to obtain microparticles with enalapril maleate by the precipitation method in order to mask the bitter taste of the drug.
Materials and methods: Nine models of enalapril maleate &ndash; Eudragit EPO&reg; microparticles were prepared by the precipitation method at varied drug-polymer ratios. The models were characterized in terms of size, shape, production yield, drug content, encapsulation efficiency and moisture content. Fourier-transformed infrared spectroscopy, powder X-ray diffraction and differential scanning calorimetry were used to analyze possible interactions in the complex. In vitro drug release in simulated salivary fluid and in vivo taste evaluation in rats were realized to prove taste masking.
Results: The particle size distribution varied from 266.9 &micro;m to 410.9 &micro;m. The shape of the resulting particles was irregular. The production yield varied from 23.6% to 78.2%. The drug content ranged between 2.3% to 4.8%, encapsulation efficiency increased from 1.6% to 9.0%. In vitro drug release data indicated significant taste masking.
Conclusion: Some of the obtained microparticles by the precipitation method showed satisfactory taste masking efficiency, which proved the taste masking feasibility of this method.
First Report of DHA-1 Producing Enterobacter cloacae Complex Isolate in Bulgaria
Authors: Dimitrova Dobromira I. , Markovska Rumyana D. , Stoeva Temenuga J. , Stankova Petya B. , Georgieva Lyudmila B. , Mihova Kalina I. , Kaneva Radka P. , Mitov Ivan G. 
Published: September 2019

The aim of the present study was to reveal the characteristics of an Enterobacter cloacae complex isolate producing DHA-1 AmpC enzyme recovered from a patient hospitalized in St Marina Hospital, Varna.
Materials and methods: Susceptibility testing, conjugation experiments, isoelectric focusing, PCR and sequencing were carrying out.
Results: Of 176 Enterobacter spp. isolates only one isolate was positive for blaDHA. The sequencing revealed the presence of blaDHA-1 and blaCTX-M-3. The antimicrobial susceptibility testing showed higher resistance rates to almost all beta-lactams (ceftazidime, cefotaxime, cefepime, amoxicillinclavulanic acid, piperacillin/tazobactam), tobramycin, gentamycin, trimethoprim/sulphomethoxazole and quinolones (ciprofloxacin and levofloxacin). The isolate was susceptible to imipenem, meropenem and amikacin. The isoelectric focusing showed a band at pI 5.4 without ceftazidime and cefotaxime activity; a band at pI 7.8 with cefoxitin activity and another - with pI 8.4 with cefotaxime activity. Conjugation experiments were successful only for blaCTX-M-3 carrying determinants.&nbsp;
Conclusions: To the best of our knowledge this is the first report of DHA-1 producing isolate in Bulgaria. The emergence of DHA-1 producing E. cloacae complex demonstrates the possibility for further dissemination of the gene encoding this enzyme. Infectious control measures are needed for the prevention of this phenomenon.
Influence of silver-ion-containing pharmacotherapeutic system for repair of anterior abdominal wall on connective tissue formation in experiment
Authors: Mishina Ekaterina S. , Zatolokina Marija A. , Gureeva Anastasia V. , Gureev Vladimir V. , Elagina Karina A. , Zatolokina Eugenia S. 
Published: September 2019

Introduction: In modern medicine new pharmacotherapeutic systems significantly reducing the risk of complications are being actively searched for. The study undertaken was aimed at studying one of such systems consisting of a prosthesis coated with silver ions.
Materials and methods: The material for the study was standard endoprostheses produced by Lintex LLC (St.-Petersburg) for plastic repair of the anterior abdominal wall: Esfil and Uniflex, as well as Plasmofilter produced by Plasmofilter JSC (St.-Petersburg) and a pharmacotherapeutic system containing silver ions (FCS) applied to the experimental samples of endoprostheses – Esfil Ag and Unifleks Ag (patent RU 2473369C1), which were implanted into male Wistar rats. The results were evaluated using morphological, morphometric, immunohistochemical, ionometric, microbiological and statistical methods.
Results and discussion: As a result, it was found that the use of the FCS leads to a more rapid change in inflammation phases. The formation of a mature connective tissue capsule with a thickness of 4.5±0.01 mm was observed by Day 30. The study of the cellular component of the periprosthetic tissue revealed the prevalence of resident cells. The proliferative activity of fibroblastic cells when using FCS over 14 days was statistically significantly (p≤0.05) 3.5-time higher. Microbiological studies confirmed the antibacterial properties of FCS in vivo and in vitro.
Conclusion: The use of FCS contributes to the acceleration of reparative processes, earlier resolution of inflammation and stimulation of collagenesis both under sterile conditions and under microbial conditions.