bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A microscopic experimental study of nanoparticle motion for the enhancement of oxygen absorption in nanofluids
Authors: Jiang Jia-Zong , Zhang Song , Liu Lei , Sun Bao-Min 
Published: November 2018

Abstract
The behavior of nanoparticle motion has a great influence on gas-liquid mass transfer. However, it has been very difficult to characterize the motion of nanoparticles from a micro view in mass transfer experiments. In this study, a novel method was proposed to investigate nanoparticle Brownian motion through the application of the total internal reflection fluorescence microscope in a self-designed sample (a quasi-static liquid micro-groove) and the mass transfer enhancement of nanoparticles. Nanoparticle movement behavior was photographed using an electron-multiplying charge coupled device, and 100 consecutive images were recorded using Micro-Manager software at a rate of 20 fps. The images were processed through the particle tracking velocimetry algorithm to calculate two-dimensional motion rates of nanoparticles caused by Brownian movement. It showed that nanoparticle loadings influenced the motion rates significantly, and the motion rates were larger with smaller particle sizes under the same operating condition. The mass transfer coefficients in the quasi-static gas-liquid mass transfer system were calculated and analyzed through microscopic measurement. Based on the above thought, three important non-dimensional numbers [Sherwood (Shp
), Reynolds (Rep
), and Schmidt (Scp
) numbers] for mass transfer theory were studied.
Reliable Neural Networks for Proportioning of Concrete Mixes Containing Cement Replacement Materials
Authors: Rahmani Hamid , Ahmadi Sattar , Mansorkhani Ali Alipour 
Published: November 2018

Abstract
Artificial neural network (ANN) is one of the most suitable analytical methods used for modeling complex relationships between concrete properties and concrete mix ingredients. In the present study, common ANN is first trained to predict concrete mix proportions using experimental data sets. Experimental data sets include the content of water, cementitious materials (cement, silica fume, rice husk ash, and natural pozzolanas), coarse and fine aggregates, superplasticizer and the compressive strength, the slump, and the maximum size of the aggregates. Also, statistical analyses are used to correlate the results and the acceptable error. Then, the neural network is retrained using experimental data sets together with analytical data sets that are produced using the Iranian national concrete mix design method, empirical relationships, or both. Finally, the performance of the retrained neural networks is compared with the first one. The results show that the neural networks, which are trained using both analytical and experimental data sets, are more reliable and can be reliably used for modeling of complex relationships.
Measurement of Sample Tilt by Residual Imprint Morphology of Berkovich Indenter
Authors: Gao Chenghui , Yao Ligang , Liu Ming 
Published: November 2018

Abstract
The tilt between sample surface and indenter is the premise for taking into consideration the effect of sample tilt on indentation measurement by some correction functions. A theoretical approach is proposed to measure the tilt angle and rotation angle of a tilted sample by the residual imprint morphology of the Berkovich indenter. The tilt angle and rotation angle are defined in the Cartesian coordinate system at the tip of the Berkovich indenter, which is ideal and whose axis is along the vertical direction. The normal of the sample surface can be calculated with unique solutions by solving the equations with the projected contact lengths of indenter edges as input values, which can be measured directly from the residual imprint after indentation. Tilt angle and rotation angle can be calculated from sample surface normal.
An Analyzing of Cross Layer Design for Implementing Adaptive Antenna Technique in Mobile Ad-Hoc Networks
Authors: Subramaniam Mahendrakumar , Thangamuthu Guna Sekar 
Published: November 2018

Abstract
A mobile ad-hoc network (MANET) uses an omni-directional antenna, which transmits and receives power from all directions, resulting in higher noise and interference. The interference effects can be minimized with the help of adaptive directional antennas. The proposed model for implementing adaptive antenna techniques in MANET is a cross layer design. Utilizing adaptive antennas, two nodes are able to communicate when both the transmitter’s and receiver’s unidirectional radiation beams are directing toward each other’s nodes. A cross layer methodology for dynamic topology control enables the interaction between medium access control layer and the routing layer for reaching the necessary quality of service (QoS) of various data packets. After the initialization of a network, the algorithm initially develops a topology and the routing techniques use this network topology to find out the route paths for data transmission. Later, based on the network scenario for ongoing transmissions and to obtain the necessary QoS, the topology gets altered by the topology control layer in order to obtain the optimized network with better performance. Simulation results show specifically, throughput and signal-to-noise ratio were increased by 33 % and 42 %, respectively.
One-step nucleic acid amplification for intraoperative analysis of sentinel lymph node in papillary thyroid carcinoma
Authors: Iglesias Felip Carmela , Zafon Llopis Carles , Temprana-Salvador Jordi , García-Burillo Amparo , Serres Créixams Xavier , Caubet Busquet Enric , Roca Bielsa Isabel , Mesa Manteca Jordi , Castell Conesa Joan , Fort López-Barajas José Manuel , Pujol-Borrell Ricardo , Ramon y Cajal Agüeras Santiago , González López Oscar 
Published: November 2018

Objective
Lymphadenectomy in papillary thyroid carcinoma (PTC) is controversial. It is indicated whenever metastases have been proven before or during surgery and as a prophylactic treatment in high-risk patients. However, 30–50% of cN0 patients become pN1 postoperatively. In PTC, selective-sentinel-lymph-node-biopsy (SLNB) with conventional intraoperative analysis is 8% false negative. One-step nucleic acid amplification (OSNA) is a molecular technique which allows real-time detection of mRNA encoding for cytokeratin 19. OSNA has been introduced in intraoperative analysis of several tumors to reduce false-negative rates and distinguish micrometastasis from macrometastasis. Our objective was to evaluate the impact of the introduction of OSNA in the intraoperative evaluation of the sentinel node (SN) in PTC.

Design
We analyzed a series of 35 patients subjected to SLNB.

Methods
All the dissected nodes, SN and non-SN, were evaluated with OSNA and cytology.

Results
We obtained a total of 110 SN. SLNB proved positive in 14 patients (40%) with cytology and in 23 (65.7%) with OSNA (P < 0.001). In the 29 patients with subsequent lymphadenectomy we obtained 360 lymph nodes ((52 positive in cytology (14.4%) and 107 in OSNA (29.7%)). Lymphadenectomy proved positive in 16 patients according to cytology (55%) and in 24 according to OSNA (83%) (P = 0002). The majority of patients with micrometastasis in SN showed only micrometastasis in lymphadenectomy.

Conclusions
The present study shows selective-sentinel-lymph-node-biopsy with one-step nucleic acid amplification technique to be feasible in papillary thyroid carcinoma. The quantitative nature of one-step nucleic acid amplification paves the way toward a more personalized surgical approach, limiting lymphadenectomy to patients with intraoperative evidence of macrometastasis in the sentinel node.
The colour phases of the European red squirrel in Ukraine: Similarities and differences by craniometric characters
Authors: Zizda J. E. 
Published: November 2018

The different colour phases of the European red squirrel occuring in Ukraine were analysed in a morphological context. They are indicated in the literature as different subspecies of Sciurus vulgaris L. and described only based on their coat colouration. In Ukraine, at least three colour phases occur: dark (black and brown), red, and light red, which in natural habitats occur separately from one another. These phases co-occur in human settlements and at different altitudes, in particular at the boundary of the lowland and piedmont zones and of piedmont and mountainbelts. The aim of the present study was to find some other morphological differences between the red squirrel’s phases in Ukraine beyond their coat colouration and to reveal the possible interaction between colouration and morphological variation of the squirrels. Eighteen craniometric and four external characters were measured and analysed. Results have shown that the squirrel’s colour phases differ among themselves by some characters, although the most visible differences were revealed when all measurents were analysed together. It has been revealed that the three colour phases are stabilized types (populations) manifested in a multidimensional space as different populations with minimal overlap (up to 10%). The population of dark squirrels in Ukraine is morphologically the most distant from the light red phase and less so from the red one. The dark phase significantly differs from the red phase by 9 of 18 craniometric characters with Mayr’s coefficient of divergence (CDmin = 0.62, CDmax = 0.96). The dark phase significantly differs from the light red phase by two craniometric characters according to ANOVA, but only by one character according to Mayr’scoefficient of divergence (CD = 0.96). The red and light red phases significantly differ by four parameters having CDmin = 0.64 and CDmax = 0.76. The geographically transitional red phase is morphologically intermediate according to the results of discriminant analysis.
Radial increment dynamics in Pinus sylvestris stands within the Northern Steppe of Ukraine
Authors: Gritsan Y. I. , Lovynska V. M. , Sytnyk S. A. 
Published: November 2018

The parameters of periodic increment (5-years) and peculiarities of its change depending on age, diameter, height and volume of trunk of Scots pine are determined. The influence of climate conditions (air temperature and precipitation) on the dynamics of radial increment change of Scots pine trees are established. The results of experimental studies, obtained from 20 temporary sample plots of pine stands within the Northern Steppe of Ukraine are presented. We conducted an estimate of radial increment of Scots pine trunks as a basis for development of normative and information support for assessment of biotic productivity of this category of forest. All selected sample trees had different age and biometric parameters. The age of sample trees ranged from 9 to 90 years; diameter at breast height – from 4.0 to 41.7 cm; height – from 4.2 to 30.0 m, trunk volume – from 0.002 to 1.748 m3. It is found that the radial increment of pine stem was significantly dependent on tree age. The highest values of radial increment of Scots pine trees were observed for trees aged up to 20 years. With increasing age, radial increment had a decreasing trend, including 90-year old trees. Regression models of the dependence of radial increment of pine trees on the age and diameter are presented. In the article, the dependence of the values of radial increment of sample trees from types of forest are demonstrated. The highest values of Scots pine radial increment was observed in sugruds and gruds, which were presented in tree samples of 20 years. Comparative analysis of radial increment change in the trees of one age category, which grew in different conditions, was conducted. The older trees had the maximum increment in the conditions of dry sugrud, and the minimum increment in conditions of fresh subor. Also in this article we used generalized chronology of Scots pine radial increment reflecting regional variability of growth in pine trees. The results supplemented the research obtained earlier with new data on the dependence of the pine radial growth rate on forest-biometric parameters. These experimental data, their graph-analytical evaluation yielded an information basis for modeling the radial increment of pine trees, created on the basis of dependence of this parameter on biometric indexes – age and diameter at breast height.
Accumulation of heavy metals in birch and pine forest roadside phytocenoses in the south of Tyumen region
Authors: Popova E. I. 
Published: November 2018

We conducted a complex investigation of anthropogenic roadside phytocoenoses. For the study, 8 plots (birch and pine forests) were selected, close to roads in the south of Tyumen region within the five administrative districts: Uporovsky, Zavodoukovsky, Yalutorovskiy, Yarkovsky, and Tobolsk. As a result of the studies, 75 species of vascular plants from 21 families were noted in the plant communities. It was found that the majority of the total projective cover of the plant communities was provided by synanthropic species. In the synanthropic fraction of the flora, 33 species belonging to 11 families were identified, those with the most species being: Scrophulariaceae, Compositeae, Rubiaceae, Poaceae, Fabaceae, Polygonaceae, Umbellíferae. The index of synanthropization of the flora of the studied phytocenoses is in the range from 43% to 64%. Among the identified pollutants accumulated in the phytocenoses, the group of heavy metals was identified (Cr, Cu, Ni, Pb, Sr, Zn). Needles of Pinus sylvestris L. mainly accumulate Cr, Cu, Ni, Sr. The greatest concentration of Pb and Zn was found in the leaves of Betula pendula Roth. The content of other heavy metals in the leaves of Betula pendula Roth. during the growing season was relatively stable. Accumulation of heavy metals in the studied components of forest ecosystems can be displayed structurally: soil > leaves < phytomass (birch forests), soil < needles > phytomass (pine forests). Methodological approaches to conducting a complex of long-term observations of natural ecosystems have been formulated, substantiated and justified. To evaluate the absorption efficiency of heavy metals, the biological absorption coefficient was calculated. The obtained results can be used as a control in the study of migration and accumulation of heavy metals and for assessing the degree of anthropogenic load on phytocenoses of roadside ecosystems and predict the extent of probable changes in them. The forecast of the results will facilitate the elaboration of a necessary system of measures aimed at increasing the stability of plant communities.
Dynamics of the anatomical variability of Artemisia herba-alba in Algeria
Authors: Maghni B. , Hellal B. , Maatoug M. 
Published: November 2018

In this work, the anatomical variability in Artemisia herba-alba Asso was studied based on 90 individuals taken from three different bioclimatic zones of Algeria (inferior semi arid, arid and Saharan) as well as the relationships of the dynamics of this variability with the distribution and adaptation of the species. The interpretation of the results of this study through the analysis of variance and the ascending hierarchical classification allowed us to detect a very high intra- and inter-specific anatomical variability, as well as the presence of a parenchyma of water reserves observed in individuals of each studied region. The existence of relationships between environmental conditions and the dynamics of anatomical variability have been established. The broad morphological structural variability thus determined and the genetic variability observed concur well with the results of our two other previous studies. This anatomical polymorphism could help in the selection of the most effective ecotypes to restore this species in degraded steppe ecosystems of Algeria and North Africa. Thus, this choice will allow us to keep their seeds in a bank of grains in order to preserve the species for possible future use.
The effect of vehicle exhaust emissions on morphometric and physiological characteristics of Rhus typhina
Authors: Dzhygan О. Р. , Mylnikova O. A. , Zaitseva I. A. 
Published: November 2018

Rhus typhina L. (Staghorn Sumac) is fast-growing woody species that reproduces by rhizomes and seeds. Because of its biological benefits, this deciduous member of the Anacardiaceae family has been introduced from its native habitats in the east of North America to urbanized landscapes of Ukraine. In this study we anаlyse changes in morphometric and physiological indicators of 12-year plants of this species in artificial phytocenoses near highways in Pavlograd, Ukraine. Experimental plots were placed at a distance from 25 to 130 meters from the road. The control group of plants was at a distance of 1500 m from the highways. We measured the length and thickness of the annual sprout, number of leaves on it, the content of chlorophyll in the leaves and accumulation of cadmium and lead in the leaf tissues. It was found that, compared to the plants in the relatively clean area, the greatest decreases in the length of the annual shoots of the trees in the plantations were for those which were at a distance of twenty five metres and forty meters from the traffic lanes of the highways. The thickness of the annual shoots of the trees in the plantations did not differ from plants in the clean zone. The number of leaves on a one-year annual sprout at a distance of twenty five meters and forty meters from the path of moving sources of pollution was significantly lower compared to control. We evaluated the impact of vehicle exhaust emissions on the assimilatory organs. We identified a negative effect of the anthropogenic pollutants on photosynthetic pigment content in leaves. The amount of chlorophyll a and chlorophyll b decreased with decreasing distance from the plantation to the road. Changes in the content of chlorophyll b had a clear pattern. The concentration of this pigment and the amount of chlorophyll a + b decreased compared with control in the 130 meter area. The amount of toxic heavy metals (lead and cadmium) in the tissues of the leaf was significantly higher than the control values on all plots. The strongest negative effects of phytotoxicants on susceptible plants occurred in plantations in the twenty-five-meter zone, which led to deterioration of the decorative quality of the plants.
PRODUTIVIDADE E QUALIDADE DE FRUTOS DO MELOEIRO, EM FUNÇÃO DE NITROGÊNIO E DE CO2 APLICADOS VIA FERTIRRIGAÇÃO
Authors: Pinto José Maria , Faria Clementino M. B. de , Feitosa Filho José Crispiano 
Published: November 2018

PRODUTIVIDADE E QUALIDADE DE FRUTOS DO MELOEIRO, EM FUNÇÃO DE NITROGÊNIO E DE CO2 APLICADOS VIA FERTIRRIGAÇÃO José Maria Pinto1; Clementino M. B. de Faria1; José Crispiniano Feitosa Filho21Embrapa Semi-Árido, Petrolina-PE, jmpinto@cpatsa.embrapa.br2Centro de Ciências Agrarias, Universidade da Paraiba, Areia, PB 1 RESUMO Estudos relacionados aos efeitos do aumento artificial da concentração de CO2 sobre as plantas permitem que se conheça a capacidade das plantas de adaptarem-se em atmosfera enriquecida com dióxido de carbono. Realizou-se estudos com a cultura do melão para avaliar os efeitos da aplicação de CO2 (80 kg ha-1) e doses de nitrogênio (0, 40, 80 e 120 kg ha-1), via água de irrigação localizada, na produtividade e características químicas dos frutos. As doses de N, calculadas pela equação de regressão ajustada aos dados obtidos no presente trabalho, para se obter a produtividade máxima esperada foram de 114,80 kg ha-1 (sem aplicação de CO2) e de 87,43 kg ha-1 (com aplicação de CO2). As maiores produtividades de melão foram obtidas nos tratamentos com aplicação de dióxido de carbono via água de irrigação. A aplicação de CO2 via água de irrigação contribuiu para maior eficiência da adubação nitrogenada e não afetou as características químicas dos frutos. UNITERMOS:: Cucumis melo, irrigação, nutrição de plantas PINTO, J.M.; FARIA, C.M.B. DE; FEITOSA FILHO, J.C. MELON YIELD AND FRUIT QUALITY DUE CO2 AND NITROGEN APPLICATION THROUGH FERTIGATION 2 ABSTRACT Studies related to the artificial increase of CO2 concentration on plants allow knowing plant ability to adapt to CO2 modified atmosphere. This study was carried out to evaluate the effects of CO2 application (80 kg ha-1) and Nitrogen doses (0, 40, 80 and 120 kg ha-1) through water irrigation on melon yield and fruit quality. Equations were adjusted for nitrogen and its levels to obtain maximum yield were 114.80 kg ha-1 without CO2 and 87.43 kg ha-1 with CO2. The highest yield was obtained by carbon dioxide through irrigation water because its application contributed to improve nitrogen fertilization efficiency and did not alter fruit chemical characteristics. KEYWORDS: Cucumis melo, irrigation, plant nutrition.
DIAGNÓSTICO DA APLICAÇÃO DE ÁGUAS RESIDUÁRIAS DA SUINOCULTURA NA CAFEICULTURA IRRIGADA II. AVALIAÇÃO DA UNIFORMIDADE DE APLICAÇÃO DE ÁGUA
Authors: Gonçalves Roberta Alessandra Bruschi , Mantovani Everardo Chartuni , Ramos Márcio Mota , Souza Luiz Otávio Carvalho de 
Published: November 2018

DIAGNÓSTICO DA APLICAÇÃO DE ÁGUAS RESIDUÁRIAS DA SUINOCULTURA NA CAFEICULTURA IRRIGADAII. AVALIAÇÃO DA UNIFORMIDADE DE APLICAÇÃO DE ÁGUA Roberta Alessandra Bruschi Gonçalves; Everardo Chartuni Mantovani; Márcio Mota Ramos; Luiz Otávio Carvalho de SouzaDepartamento de Engenharia Agrícola, Universidade Federal de Viçosa , Viçosa-MG, robertabruschi@gmail.com 1 RESUMO A uniformidade de aplicação de água influencia diretamente a produtividade das culturas, que tende a aumentar com a uniformidade de irrigação. O objetivo deste trabalho foi determinar os coeficientes de uniformidade de distribuição de água residuária da suinocultura (ARS) em 6 propriedades cafeeiras, que aplicam ARS via sistema de irrigação, localizadas em 5 diferentes municípios da região de cerrado de Minas Gerais. Do total de sistemas avaliados, 50% apresentaram coeficientes de uniformidade de distribuição de água residuária (CUC/CUD) abaixo do recomendado. Os melhores resultados estão associados ao sistema de irrigação localizada por gotejamento, mostrando a viabilidade da utilização do mesmo, desde que haja manejo adequado ao longo de todo o processo de tratamento do efluente, inclusive no sistema de filtragem do equipamento. UNITERMOS: café, reuso, irrigação GONÇALVES, R. A. B.; MANTOVANI, E. C.; RAMOS, M. M.; SOUZA, L. O. C. de; ANALYSIS OF SWINE CULTURE WASTEWATER APPLICATION ON IRRIGATED COFFEE CROP - II. EVALUATION OF WATER APPLICATION UNIFORMITY 2 ABSTRACT Water application uniformity influences crop productivity that is likely to increase with irrigation uniformity. The objective of this work was to determine the uniformity distribution coefficients of swine culture wastewater on coffee plantations (SCW); the analysis was carried out on 6 farms in the Minas Gerais State cerrado region that use SCW through their irrigation system. Half of the assessed systems presented water application uniformity coefficient below the recommended limit. The best results were associated to drop irrigation, showing the viability of this irrigation system use if there is an appropriate management throughout the entire treatment process, including equipment filtration system management. KEYWORDS: coffee, irrigation, reuse