bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Topological transition in filamentous cyanobacteria: from motion to structure
Authors: Cammann Jan , Faluweki Mixon K. , Dambacher Nayara , Goehring Lucas , Mazza Marco G. 
Published: November 2024

AbstractMany active systems are capable of forming intriguing patterns at scales significantly larger than the size of their individual constituents. Cyanobacteria are one of the most ancient and important phyla of organisms that has allowed the evolution of more complex life forms. Despite its importance, the role of motility on the pattern formation of their colonies is not understood. Here, we investigate the large-scale collective effects and rich dynamics of gliding filamentous cyanobacteria colonies, while still retaining information about the individual constituents’ dynamics and their interactions. We investigate both the colony’s transient and steady-state dynamics and find good agreement with experiments. We furthermore show that the Péclet number and aligning interaction strength govern the system’s topological transition from an isotropic distribution to a state of large-scale reticulate patterns. Although the system is topologically non-trivial, the parallel and perpendicular pair correlation functions provide structural information about the colony, and thus can be used to extract information about the early stages of biofilm formation. Finally, we find that the effects of the filaments’ length cannot be reduced to a system of interacting points. Our model proves to reproduce both cyanobacteria colonies and systems of biofilaments where curvature is transported by motility.
Sex-specific regulatory architecture of pancreatic islets from subjects with and without type 2 diabetes
Authors: Qadir Mirza Muhammad Fahd , Elgamal Ruth M , Song Kejing , Kudtarkar Parul , Sakamuri Siva S V P , Katakam Prasad V , El-Dahr Samir S , Kolls Jay K , Gaulton Kyle J , Mauvais-Jarvis Franck 
Published: November 2024

AbstractPatients with type 2 and type 1 diabetes (T2D and T1D) exhibit sex-specific differences in insulin secretion, the mechanisms of which are unknown. We examined sex differences in human pancreatic islets from 52 donors with and without T2D combining single cell RNA-sequencing (scRNA-seq) and single nucleus ATAC-sequencing (snATAC-seq) with assays probing hormone secretion and bioenergetics. In non-diabetic (ND) donors, sex differences in islet cell chromatin accessibility and gene expression predominantly involved sex chromosomes. In contrast, islets from T2D donors exhibited similar sex differences in sex chromosome-encoded differentially expressed genes (DEGs) as ND donors, but also exhibited sex differences in autosomal genes. Comparing β cells from T2D and ND donors, gene enrichment of female β cells showed suppression in mitochondrial respiration, while male β cells exhibited suppressed insulin secretion, suggesting a role for mitochondrial failure in females in the transition to T2D. We finally performed cell type-specific, sex stratified, GWAS restricted to differentially accessible chromatin peaks across T2D, fasting glucose, and fasting insulin traits. We identified that differentially accessible regions overlap with T2D-associated variants in a sex- and cell type-specific manner.
Quantum decoherence and CP violation at Protvino to ORCA experiment
Authors: Bera Chinmay , K N Deepthi 
Published: November 2024

In this work, we study the impact of the environmental decoherence at Protvino to ORCA (P2O) experiment which has a substantial baseline of 2595 kilometres. We simulate this experiment assuming different phenomenological models and considering energy dependency of decoherence parameter, $${\gamma \, {\propto }\, E_v^n} $$. Here, Ev is the neutrino energy and n = 0, ±1, ±2. We estimate the sensitivity of P2O experiment to obtain the upper bounds on y parameters in each of these cases. Additionally, we use these bounds to illustrate the effect of environmental decoherence on mass hierarchy (MH) and CP violation (CPV) sensitivity of this experiment.
We have noted that P2O poses the strong bound on γ ≤ 1.89 × 10-24 GeV (90% CL) for the case of n = 0. Moreover, we observed that while the MH sensitivity has not changed significantly in all the cases, CP violation sensitivity increased above the standard case for all true values of δCP.
Precision measurements of B-meson decays at ATLAS
Authors: Biros Marek 
Published: November 2024

The precise measurement of the CP-violating phase ϕs, the average decay width Γs and the difference between the widths of the light and heavy mass eigenstates ΔΓs is presented in the $${B_s^0} $$ → J/ψϕ decay channel. Data of pp collisions at √s = 13 TeV are used, corresponding to 80.5 fb−1 of integrated lu-minosity collected by the ATLAS detector at the Large Hadron Collider in years 2015–2017. Results are statistically combined with the previous measurement with 19.2 fb−1 data with 7 and 8 TeV energy. The measured values are:
ϕs = −0.087 ± 0.036 (stat.) ± 0.021 (syst.)
Γs = 0.6703 ± 0.0014 (stat.) ± 0.0018 (syst.)
ΔΓs = 0.0657 ± 0.0043 (stat.) ± 0.0037 (syst.).
Moreover, a study estimating the ATLAS detector performance in measuring the CP-violating phase ϕs after the HL-LHC upgrade is presented.
Relevanz von seltenen Hauttumoren – kutane Sarkome
Authors: Jochims Franziska , Ziemer Mirjana 
Published: November 2024

ZusammenfassungSarkome der Haut sind maligne Neoplasien, die von mesenchymalen Zellen der Kutis und oberen Subkutis ausgehen. Sie sind getrennt von den i.d.R. wesentlich aggressiveren Weichteilsarkomen tiefer gelegener Strukturen zu betrachten, da sie sich im biologischen Verhalten, ihrer Prognose und damit verbunden den therapeutischen Maßnahmen deutlich unterscheiden.In Deutschland werden im Krebsregister keine Zahlen zur Inzidenz kutaner Sarkome erfasst. Gemäß einer aktuellen Erhebung 4 deutscher Hauttumorzentren scheint jedoch das atypische Fibroxanthom mit rund 50% der Fälle den größten Anteil der kutanen Sarkome auszumachen. Weitere 20% verteilen sich auf das Dermatofibrosarcoma protuberans und das pleomorphe dermale Sarkom. Seltener treten Kaposi-Sarkome, Angiosarkome, Leiomyosarkome, Liposarkome oder neurogene Sarkome der Haut auf. Aufgrund der in den letzten Jahren erfolgten Diagnoseschärfung des atypischen Fibroxanthoms/pleomorphen dermalen Sarkoms hat sich der Anteil letztgenannter deutlich erhöht, zugleich hat sich im Zuge der effizienten antiretroviralen Therapie der Anteil HIV-assoziierter Kaposi-Sarkome entscheidend verringert.Zur Diagnosesicherung ist eine tiefe Inzisionsbiopsie und die histologische Aufarbeitung unter Einbezug immunhistochemischer Marker und z.T. auch molekularpathologischer Untersuchungen notwendig.Eine für alle kutanen Sarkome geltende einheitliche Klassifikation und Stadieneinteilung gibt es nicht.Das primäre Therapieziel ist, soweit möglich und sinnvoll, die komplette Exzision des Primärtumors bevorzugt mit mikroskopisch kontrollierter Chirurgie.Neben den Leitlinien für das Kaposi-Sarkom, das Angiosarkom und das Dermatofibrosarcoma protuberans sind in den letzten Jahren weitere Leitlinien für das atypische Fibroxanthom/pleomorphe dermale Sarkom und das superfizielle Leiomyosarkom entwickelt worden, die den Umgang mit diesen Erkrankungen im klinischen Alltag erheblich erleichtert haben.
Continuously Stirred Tank Reactor for Pharmaceutical and Chemical Applications
Authors: Li Junhua , Zhou Yibo , Zhou Hanqi , Liu Fengfan , Zhang Fuli 
Published: November 2024

AbstractIn the fields of drug synthesis and fine chemicals, the traditional kettle-type reactor with a small heat exchange area and the microreactor which is easy to clog, are not suitable for the reaction with fast reaction speed, large heat release, and high solid content. However, the continuously stirred reactor has the advantages of high mass and heat transfer efficiency, high reaction safety, and not easy to be clogged, and therefore, has a great potential for application. This paper reviews the research progress of continuous agitation reactors in organic synthesis, drug crystallization, and biocatalysis, hoping to provide a reference for applications of continuous agitation reactors in the pharmaceutical and chemical fields.
Calcific Enthesitis of Lateral Patellofemoral Ligament: A Rare Cause of Anterolateral Knee Pain
Authors: Mettu Sindhura , Shirodkar Kapil , Henderson Robert , Iyengar Karthikeyan P. , Botchu Rajesh 
Published: November 2024

AbstractHydroxyapatite deposition disease is a common musculoskeletal pathology that often affects rotator cuff tendons in the shoulder joint. Here, we present the first documented case of acute calcific enthesitis involving the lateral patellar retinaculum, specifically the lateral patellofemoral ligament (LPFL). A 35-year-old male presented with insidious onset atraumatic pain persisting for 3 months on the lateral aspect of the knee, intensifying over the past week. Clinical examination revealed focal tenderness in the anterolateral region of the knee, with no signs of patellar instability. Magnetic resonance imaging was performed, which revealed thickening and calcification within the LPFL and perilesional edema, further confirmed on computed tomography and ultrasonography. Patient was managed successfully with barbotage with complete resolution of symptoms. This case highlights the importance of considering calcification of LPFL in the differential diagnosis of anterolateral knee pain and underscores the importance of different imaging modalities for prompt diagnosis.
Relationship status and sexual health service engagement among young people in the United Kingdom: a cross-sectional survey study
Authors: Large Jack , Vieira Selma , Sargeant Cora , Scholfield Clare , Armstrong Heather L. 
Published: November 2024

Background Sexual health service engagement is important for the healthy sexual development of young people. Further, as later adolescence and early adulthood are critical periods for relationship development, sexual health needs may vary across this period and be associated with relationship status. Methods A total of 468 participants, aged 16–25 years (mean age: 19.7 years) and living in the United Kingdom, completed an anonymous, online survey about their sexual health service use. To explore how relationship status is associated with engagement for five different sexual health services, we conducted chi-squared and multivariable logistic regression analyses. Results In general, engagement with sexual health services was low: 28.2% reported accessing free condoms, 21.4% reported STI testing, and 9.4% had used relationship advice services. Among women only, 57.2% had accessed services to start the pill and 19.6% had done so for pregnancy testing. Among all participants, those in relationships were more likely to have accessed sexual health services for free condoms (aOR: 1.71, 95% CI: 1.13, 2.59). Among female participants, those in relationships were more likely to have accessed sexual health services to start the pill (aOR: 2.21, 95% CI: 1.45, 3.36) and for pregnancy testing (aOR: 3.86, 95% CI: 2.20, 6.78). There were no differences by relationship status for accessing sexual health services for STI testing or relationship advice. Conclusions Health care providers and relationship and sexual education providers should encourage all young people to engage with sexual health services, while also recognising that sexual health needs are likely to vary depending on relationship status.
A speed limit on tachyon fields from cosmological and fine-structure data
Authors: Dias J.D.F. , Schöneberg Nils , Vacher Léo , Martins C.J.A.P. , Vinzl Samy 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
The rolling tachyon is a non-canonical scalar field model well motivated in string theory which naturally predicts variations of the fine-structure constant. Such variations can in principle lead to interesting observable consequences, but they can also lead to extremely tight constraints on these kinds of models. In this work we subject the rolling tachyon model evolving in a variety of potentials to current data and show that most cosmologically interesting evolutions are already strongly excluded. We find |1 + w
0| < 10-3 from cosmological data and |1 + w
0| < 10-9 from fine-structure data, leaving the rolling tachyon to either play a role almost entirely equivalent to a cosmological constant or that of a test field. We also find that in most of the allowed parameter space the field evolves very slowly, allowing its evolution to be approximated as an equivalent canonical scalar field.
Human-caused ocean warming has intensified recent hurricanes
Authors: Gilford Daniel M , Giguere Joseph , Pershing Andrew J 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
Understanding how rising global air and sea surface temperatures (SSTs) influence tropical cyclone intensities is crucial for assessing current and future storm risks. Using observations, climate models, and potential intensity theory, this study introduces a novel rapid attribution framework that quantifies the impact of historically-warming North Atlantic SSTs on observed hurricane maximum wind speeds. The attribution framework employs a storyline attribution approach exploring a comprehensive set of counterfactuals scenarios—estimates characterizing historical SST shifts due to human-caused climate change—and considering atmospheric variability. These counterfactual scenarios affect the quantification and significance of attributable changes in hurricane potential and observed actual intensities since pre-industrial. A summary of attributable influences on hurricanes during five recent North Atlantic hurricane seasons (2019–2023) and a case study of Hurricane Ian (2022) reveal that human-driven SST shifts have already driven robust changes in 84% of recent observed hurricane intensities. Hurricanes during the 2019–2023 seasons were 8.3 m s−1 faster, on average, than they would have been in a world without climate change. The attribution framework’s design and application, highlight the potential for this framework to support climate communication.
Power and Powerlessness in Union Ireland
Authors: O’Neill Ciaran 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
Life in a Palliative State an exploratory book that challenges assumptions about who might have been powerful, or powerless, in Union Ireland. It decentres sectarian division, popular and parliamentary politics, and the tradition of physical-force nationalism and emphasizes transnational phenomena, a settler colonial diaspora, and minority groups on the island. Departing from the conventional focus on political leaders like Parnell and De Valera, the book concentrates on the everyday dynamics of power and resistance during the Union. Structured as interlocking essays spanning the long nineteenth century, the book begins by defining the power structures that governed Ireland. Subsequent chapters examine the governance of Ireland, the development of infrastructure, and the mapping of its population and territory. Drawing on feminist theories of power, the book also explores marginalised groups and their agency within Irish society, debunking the myth of Irish ‘ungovernability.’ One is the Irish diaspora, positioned as both a resource and a threat within the wider context of European settler colonialism. By analysing the diaspora’s influence and the phenomenon of remittances, the book challenges prevailing notions of powerlessness. By tracing a geographical journey from East to West, the book questions traditional representations of authenticity and colonisation.
The Irish Settler Colonial Diaspora
Authors: O’Neill Ciaran 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
The Irish diaspora was and is deeply connected to patterns of European settler colonialism, indigenous dispossession, and the exploitation of material and economic resources globally. The presence of hyphenated Irish people worldwide maps almost directly onto the map of the European colonial project, yet the Irish diaspora is rarely—if ever—conceived of as a settler colonial one. Exploring the Irish diaspora’s dual role as both a resource and a potential threat, this chapter situates it within the context of European settler colonial diasporas. It analyses the significance of remittances and female diaspora networks, arguing for the diaspora’s latent power and threat as a constant feature of Union Ireland.
Marginalized Religion and the Law in the Roman Empire
Authors: Janssen K P S 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
The Roman Empire’s approach to religion has traditionally been described in ambiguous terms. On the one hand, Rome has often been regarded as almost proverbially tolerant, as well as highly flexible in its dealings with the diverse range of religious cults and practices within its territories. On the other hand, the Roman religious landscape was not without its limits, and there were certain groups who found themselves, for one reason or another, on the outside. Within scholarship, however, the legal interactions between such groups and the Roman authorities have widely been studied in isolation. This book instead takes a comparative approach, and investigates how members of various marginalized religious groups were embedded in, and interacted with, the wider Roman legal system. It compares and contrasts the legal treatment of private diviners, Jewish communities, and early Christians, and in doing so aims to provide a broader perspective on the legal treatment of marginalized religion in the Roman world. The study suggests that the known interactions between these respective groups and the Roman authorities are best understood within the wider context of Roman law and administration, and argues that they furthermore shared a number of important characteristics. While the treatment these groups received was certainly not in all respects identical, the procedural, socio-political, and ideological mechanisms that underpinned the relevant legal measures were nonetheless conspicuously similar.
Judaism in Roman Legal Measures
Authors: Janssen K P S 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
Chapter 3 deals with the legal treatment of Jewish communities during both the republican and imperial periods. It discusses the extent to which members of these communities were perceived as a religious group, before discussing Roman legal measures dealing with Judaism in more detail. Throughout this chapter, it is argued that interactions between Jewish communities and the Roman authorities, whether positive or negative, were the result of repeated negotiation, often at the initiative of Jewish communities themselves in response to particular difficulties, and were therefore overwhelmingly local in nature. In these negotiations, precedents and established ancestral customs played an important part, as did the availability of institutions and leadership structures, like elite embassies, the high priests, and the kings of Judea, that were recognizable to the Roman authorities. In addition, measures were repeated with some frequency, sometimes soon after they were originally issued, which suggests that they could easily fall into disuse and could be subject to renegotiation. While the available sources suggest that the Romans often sided with Jewish communities, it should be noted that the legal position of Jewish communities was hardly consistently favourable, and that they were often subjected to the debates about the extent to which they ‘belonged’ within the cities of the Graeco-Roman world. In addition, the transregional connections between different Jewish communities not only allowed for the exchange of useful precedent but also contributed to the implementation of the famous Jewish Tax, which stands as a clear sign of Judaism’s complex position.
Conclusion
Authors: Janssen K P S 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
The Conclusion outlines the main points of comparison between the various case studies and analyses the underlying factors that collectively shaped the legal treatment of marginalized religion in the Roman Empire. It argues that the known legal interactions between the Roman authorities and divination, Judaism, and early Christianity shared a number of important characteristics, which ultimately found their basis in the workings of Roman law and administration. While the legal treatment of these marginalized religious groups, then, was certainly not identical, it nevertheless emerged from the same legal and administrative framework and was shaped by the same underlying mechanisms, structures, and principles.
The Epigraphic Habit in Post-Conquest Hispania
Authors: Houten Pieter 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
This chapter considers the epigraphic habit in relation to the self-governing communities of the early imperial Iberian Peninsula. The entanglement of juridical status, monumentality, epigraphic output, and research bias poses a challenge for interpreting the data relevant for Latinization. However, by turning to macro-level analyses, we can discern general patterns that can be refined by case studies focusing on regions and epigraphic text and material types (for example, the milestones of Bracaraugustanus). The chapter shows that the spread of the epigraphic habit is the result of an interplay between the status of communities and their understanding, or interpretation, of the epigraphic habit. Neighbouring communities tended to engage in intercity rivalry, and those with supra-regional function also tended to compete with communities further away. In order to untangle research bias and diagnose the various factors motivating the epigraphic habit, we must enhance the data further, adding more precise geospatial information.
Literacy in Gaul
Authors: Feugère Michel , Anna Willi 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
In an effort to draw scholarly attention to non-monumental epigraphy, and so-called instrumentum in particular, this contribution explores the relationship of inscribed small finds and literacy among the provincial population in Gaul. Using the epigraphic module of the online database Artefacts as a basis, the authors discuss two case studies: the environment of production and the so-called speaking objects. The results demonstrate how instrumentum can shed a light on a wide range of literacies in different contexts and for different purposes, exposing linguistic subtleties and regional phenomena that are crucial to our understanding of literacy and language use in ancient communities. However, as the authors highlight, there is a need for more awareness among scholars of the varied nature of inscribed small finds and their correct recording in databases, in order to enable their contextualization in future research.
Prenatal exposure to residential greenness, fetal growth, and birth outcomes: a cohort study in New York City
Authors: Heo Seulkee , Afanasyeva Yelena , Liu Mengling , Mehta-Lee Shilpi , Yang Wenqing , Trasande Leonardo , Bell Michelle L , Ghassabian Akhgar 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
Findings for greenspace’s impacts on birth outcomes are largely dependent on vegetation indexes. Examinations are needed for various greenspace indicators given varying pathways for fetal development. This prospective cohort study assessed the impacts of prenatal greenspace exposure on preterm birth (PTB), term low birthweight (TLBW), birthweight, and estimated fetal weight (EFW) for pregnant women in the New York City area, 2016–2023 (n=2765). Longitudinal greenspace exposure was measured for residential histories during pregnancy using the Enhanced Vegetation Index (EVI) for 1000m buffers and four park metrics, namely, the total number, sum of area, and the accessibility of parks within residential buffers (500 m) and the distance to the closest park. Multivariable regression models were used to estimate the associations for quartiles of exposure (with the first quartile [Q1] as reference). Greenspace exposure was not associated with TLBW, birthweight, or EFW. Odds ratios of PTB for the Q2, Q3, and Q4 EVI exposure groups compared to the Q1 group were 0.65 (95% CI: 0.43–0.98), 0.51 (0.32–0.80), and 0.56 (0.35–0.90), respectively. PTB risks decreased in higher exposure groups (Q2–Q4) of the total park number. Results indicate the benefits of prenatal greenspace exposure for fetal maturity and neonatal outcomes.