bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
NNHMC: An Efficient Stokes Inversion Method Using a Neural Network (NN) Model Combined with the Hamiltonian Monte Carlo (HMC) Algorithm
Authors: Xu Chong , Wang JinLiang , Li Hao , Hu ZiYao , Bai XianYong , Lin JiaBen , Liu Hui , Jin ZhenYu , Ji KaiFan 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
The Milne–Eddington (M-E) atmosphere model is commonly adopted in the inversion of the magnetic fields in the solar photosphere. By applying the Levenberg–Marquardt algorithm or training a neural network (NN) model, the magnetic field vector can be quickly inferred from the Stokes profile but lacks reliable and statistically well-defined confidence intervals for parameters. To address this, we present an efficient Bayesian inference method called NNHMC, combining the NN model with the Hamiltonian Monte Carlo (HMC) algorithm. The NN model is used to speedily synthesize batches of synthetic Stokes profiles, accelerating the inference process. The HMC algorithm significantly improves sampling efficiency in high-dimensional parameter spaces and can handle large-scale data sets in batches. The spectropolarimetric observation of an active region obtained by the Hinode/spectropolarimeter (SP) is used to demonstrate the capability of the NNHMC method. The strength, inclination, and azimuth of the magnetic field and the line-of-sight velocity inferred with the NNHMC method are very similar to those derived with the MERLIN code. Furthermore, this study provided posterior distributions and uncertainties for these parameters. A test on the same hardware and software platform shows a speed increase of up to 2.5 orders of magnitude with respect to the traditional Markov Chain Monte Carlo method (without the NN, using the M-E atmosphere model), establishing the NNHMC method as a highly effective tool for Stokes inversion based on Bayesian inference.
OCS2 Isomers in the Venusian Atmospheric Chemistry: Spectroscopic Characterization and Photochemistry
Authors: Trabelsi Tarek , Francisco Joseph S. 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
The atmosphere of Venus exhibits absorption in the 300–500 nm wavelength range, which is driven by unknown chemical processes. In our study, we explore electronic transitions in molecules that may exist in the Venusian atmosphere, specifically focusing on the photoabsorption cross sections and the lowest singlet and triplet electronic states of the OCS2, SSCO, and OSCS isomers using highly accurate ab initio methods. Our analysis suggests that the SSCO isomer is a strong candidate for explaining the unknown UV absorption. Furthermore, these isomers may serve as significant astrochemical reservoirs in the atmosphere of Venus, where photodissociation could produce atomic sulfur in both its ground and excited states along with OCS and CS2, offering a plausible mechanism for the sulfur cycle dynamics and the formation of S
x
species. This study provides valuable insights into the complex sulfur chemistry within the atmosphere of Venus.
Photon Shells, Black Hole Shadows, and Accretion Toroids
Authors: Pugliese D. , Stuchlík Z. 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
We analyze the properties of the Kerr black hole (BH) photon shell, focusing on the influence of aggregates of corotating and counterrotating toroids (ringed accretion disks, hereafter RAD), orbiting in the BH photon shell (photon shell “obscuration”). The particular case of a corotating accretion disk orbiting in the BH ergoregion is also investigated. We study influence on the BH shadow boundary, fixing the conditions under which it is possible to observe the ergoregion and RAD “imprint” on the shadows boundary. In general, remarkable differences appear between the counterrotating photon components of the boundary with respect to the corotating ones. Various regions of the shadow boundary generated from orbital regions linked to the aggregates of orbiting structures have been analyzed. In particular, we investigate the bound unstable spherical photon orbits in the ergoregion, or at the inversion point, where (toroidal)

ϕ

̇

=
0

, or with the impact parameter ℓ = 0 to characterize the effects of the frame dragging on the boundary. Five main classes of BHs have been identified by distinguishable features of their photon shells (and shadow boundaries) in the context of the orbiting RAD.
Detection of Gas Inflow during the Onset of a Starburst in a Low-mass Galaxy at z = 2.45
Authors: Coleman Erin , G.C. Keerthi Vasan , Chen 陈 Yuguang 昱光 , Jones Tucker , Rhoades Sunny , Ellis Richard , Stark Dan , Leethochawalit Nicha , Sanders Ryan , Mortensen Kris , Glazebrook Karl , Kacprzak Glenn G. 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
The baryon cycle is crucial for understanding galaxy formation, as gas inflows and outflows vary throughout a galaxy’s lifetime and affect its star formation rate. Despite the necessity of accretion for galaxy growth at high redshifts, direct observations of inflowing gas have proven elusive, especially at z ≳ 2. We present a spectroscopic analysis of a galaxy at redshift z = 2.45, which exhibits signs of inflow in several ultraviolet interstellar absorption lines, with no clear outflow signatures. The absorption lines are redshifted by ∼250 km s−1 with respect to the systemic redshift, and C iv shows a prominent inverse P-Cygni profile. Simple stellar population models suggest that this galaxy has a low metallicity (∼5% solar), with a very young starburst of age ∼4 Myr dominating the ultraviolet luminosity. The gas inflow velocity and nebular velocity dispersion suggest an approximate halo mass of order ∼1011
M
⊙, a regime in which simulations predict that bursty star formation is common at this redshift. We conclude that this system is likely in the beginning of a cycle of bursty star formation, where inflow and star formation rates are high, but where supernovae and other feedback processes have not yet launched strong outflows. In this scenario, we expect the inflow-dominated phase to be observable (e.g., with net redshifted interstellar medium absorption) for only a short timescale after a starburst onset. This result represents a promising avenue for probing the full baryon cycle, including inflows, during the formative phases of low-mass galaxies at high redshifts.
A new spider species of the Pholcus yichengicus species group (Araneae, Pholcidae) from Hebei Province, northern China
Authors: Li Jinglin , Zhang Xiaoqing , Yao Zhiyuan 
Published: December 2024

The Pholcus yichengicus species group currently contains 47 species. It is mainly distributed in central and southern China, as well as northern Thailand.
Pholcus changli Yao, sp. nov. is described as a new species of the P. yichengicus species group collected from northern China (Hebei Province).
Impact of Diverse Musical Genres on Blood-Feeding and Mating Behavior in Aedes aegypti Mosquitoes
Authors: Ni Chew Yan , Kassim Nur Faeza Abu , Ayub Noor Moukhni , Abuelmaali Sara Abdelrahman , Mashlawi Abadi M. , Dieng Hamady 
Published: December 2024

Background & objectives:
Sound plays an important role in mosquito foraging and sexual interactions. Mosquitoes utilize acoustic signals for host location, sexual recognition, and mating, which is achieved through the rhythmic beating of their wings to generate distinct sounds characterized by specific flight tone frequencies.

Methods:
In this study, electronic music (Tremor by Dimitri Vegas, Martin Garrix and Like Mike) and country music (Country Road by John Denver) were played in high and low volumes to investigate the influence of different genres of music on the blood feeding and mating responses of Ae. aegypti. The observations encompassed monitoring the landing attempts, blood-feeding endeavors, and mating behavior of Ae. aegypti.

Results:
High-volume electronic and country music with elevated pitch and amplitude significantly reduced host attacks and blood-feeding attempts by female mosquitoes compared to low-volume or music-off conditions.

Interpretation & conclusion:
However, the significant reduction of successful copula was only observed in Ae. aegypti mosquitoes exposed under electronic music with high volume. As transmission of dengue is through blood feeding and mating, this discovery may open new possibilities for developing music-based control strategies against mosquito-borne diseases.
Prevalence and seasonal patterns of vector borne diseases in patients presenting with acute febrile illness in a tertiary care hospital in Puducherry- a prospective observational study
Authors: Chowdhury Sushmita Sana , Vinod R , Sabaritha B , Anand K 
Published: December 2024

Background & objectives:
Vector-borne diseases (VBD) are a major public health concern. Globalization, urbanization & climate change are reasons for the emergence and re-emergence of VBDs. In our study, we looked into the prevalence of VBD infections around our tertiary care hospital in South India. The objective was to determine the prevalence of common VBDs like Malaria, Dengue, Japanese encephalitis (JE), Chikungunya and Scrub typhus in patients with acute febrile illness (AFI).

Methods:
This was a prospective laboratory based observational study. Blood samples from patients with AFI were tested for Dengue NS1 Antigen, IgM and IgG; and IgM antibodies for JE, Chikungunya and Scrub typhus using ELISA tests. Peripheral blood smear examination was performed for malarial parasite detection.

Results:
Total 802 samples were analysed. The sample positivity rate for VBD was 63.6% (510/802 samples) On diving the positive results across seasons in the study period, the VBD positivity rates were 66.3%, 49.1%, 61.2% and 67.3% for the first post-monsoon, summer, monsoon and the second post-monsoon seasons respectively- a trend of increased rates noted during the post-monsoon seasons. 192 samples (23.9%) were positive for scrub typhus alone, 189 samples (23.6%) were positive for dengue infection alone, six samples (0.7%) were positive for chikungunya infection alone, 121 samples (15.1%) were positive for dengue plus scrub typhus co-infection, two samples (0.2%) were positive for dengue plus chikungunya co-infection, while 292 samples (36.4%) showed negative results. None of the samples were positive for malaria and Japanese encephalitis.

Interpretation & conclusion:
Scrub typhus and dengue were the most prevalent VBDs in concordance with the prevalence pattern noted in other studies in South India. Increasing awareness and surveillance of the VBDs, developing stringent control policies, easy access to testing and initiating early appropriate therapy can help reduce the incidence of VBDs.
Valeur qualitative du digestat issu d’un digesteur continu des effluents de manioc
Authors: Ossepe Yapi Jean Louis Fernandez , Koko Anauma Casimir , Kpata-Konan Nazo Edith , Yao N’zué Benjamin 
Published: December 2024

La méthanisation des effluents issus de la fabrique d’attiéké produit en plus du biogaz, du digestat qui pourrait être utilisé en agriculture. Cette étude avait pour objectif de déterminer la qualité fertilisante de ce digestat en vue de son utilisation dans la culture du manioc. Ainsi, des digestats issus de trois productions ont été caractérisés selon des méthodes conventionnelles. Les données recueillies ont été soumises à des traitements statistiques. Les résultats ont révélé que les digestats avaient un pH moyen de 8,42 ± 0,18, une DCO de 207,68 ± 60,64 mg O2/L, une DBO de 58,83 ± 29,02 mg O2/L et un COT de 35,81±22,25 mg/L. Ils renfermaient également des matières fertilisantes dont l’azote (1,5 ± 0,07 g/L), le phosphore (0,738 ± 0,415 g/L) et le potassium (1,65 ± 0,60 g/L). Des éléments traces métalliques ont été quantifiés avec des valeurs moyennes conformes à la réglementation. Par ailleurs, les analyses microbiologiques ont montré la présence de coliformes totaux, Staphylococcus aureus, Bacillus cereus d’une part et l’absence des E. coli, Salmonella sp, Clostridium perfringens et des ASR d’autre part. Dans l’ensemble, les résultats de l’étude ont montré que les digestats caractérisés présentaient des potentialités pour un épandage dans les cultures.

Qualitative value of digestate from a continuous cassava effluent digester
Methanization of effluent from attiéké factory produces, in addition to biogas, digestate that could be used in agriculture. The aim of this study was to determine the fertilizing quality of this digestate, with a view to its use in cassava cultivation. Digestates from three productions were characterized using conventional methods. The data collected was subjected to statistical analyses. The results showed that the digestates had an average pH of 8.42 ± 0.18, a COD of 207.68 ± 60.64 mg O2/L, a BOD of 58.83 ± 29.02 mg O2/L and a TOC of 35.81 ± 22.25 mg/L. They also contained fertilizing elements including nitrogen (1.5 ± 0.07 g/L), phosphorus (0.738 ± 0.415 g/L) and potassium (1.65 ± 0.60 g/L). Trace metallic elements were quantified with average values in accordance with regulations. Microbiological analyses showed the presence of total coliforms, Staphylococcus aureus and Bacillus cereus on the one hand, and the absence of E. coli, Salmonella sp, Clostridium perfringens and RSA on the other. Overall, the results of the study showed that the digestates characterized had the potential to be spread on crops.
Assessment of leaf blight on <i>Colocasia esculenta</i> and <i>in vitro</i> effect of three medicinal plants extracts on leaf blight disease pathogen in Oshie-Njikwa, North West Region-Cameroon
Authors: Asongwe Eugene Njeh , Nouck Alphonse Erve , Tonjock Rosemary Kinge 
Published: December 2024

Taro (Colocasia esculenta) is a major staple food in Cameroon. This work assessed leaf blight disease on Colocasia esculenta and in vitro effect of three medicinal plants extracts on the pathogen in Oshie. Questionnaires were administered to 200 randomly selected farmers to assess the impact of the disease. Eight farms in Oshie were surveyed for leaf blight disease during a period of six weeks for disease incidence and severity. Twenty diseased leaf samples were collected, inoculated on Potato Dextrose Agar and after 7 days of incubation, pure cultures were identified. Crude extracts of hexane and methanol from leaves of Clematis hirsuta, Clematopsis scabiosifolia and Telferia occidentalis were evaluated for in vitro antifungal activities on Phytophthora colocasiae. Leaf blight disease of taro had a huge impact on farmers as it reduced yield of the tubers. Disease incidence ranged between 15% and 99%. Disease severity ranged from 46.24% to 61.82%. All three plants extract at 0.5 g/ml concentration had inhibitory activities on the test fungus. The three plants extracts obtained using methanol inhibited the growth of Phytopthora colocasiae more than the same three plants extracts obtained using hexane. The three medicinal plants can be used to control taro leaf blight in vitro.
Effect of water salinity and hydrotimetric titer of water sources used for consumption in the commune of Ouinhi in Benin (West Africa)
Authors: Bokossa Hervé Kouessivi Janvier , Boni Gratien , Zinsou Lisette Carine , Djossou Parfait , Johnson Roch Christian 
Published: December 2024

Despite the availability of Improved Water Sources (IWS), the population of Ouinhi in Benin still consumes surface water. Which is a major public health problem. The present study aims to identify the physicochemical and microbiological parameters, the cause of the population's rejection of the consumption of water from boreholes and other water supply works. To do this, a simple random selection of twenty water sources was made for microbiological and physico-chemical analysis. The results showed that the salinity (1 mg/L) of IWS was found to be 2.5 times higher than that of Unimproved Water Sources (UWS). Similarly, Total Dissolved Solids (173.4 and 218.4 ppm), calcium content (2.753 and 2.007 mg/L) and magnesium hardness (2.4 and 1.253 mg/L) were on average 1.6 times higher in improved than in UWS. Analysis also show that all water sources were contaminated with total coliforms, thermotolerant coliforms, fecal enterococci, E. coli and S. aureus in all samples from the two districts of Dasso and Tohouè. This situation contributes to the frequency of hydrofecal diseases, and is a factor to be considered in awareness campaigns.
Analisis Pembentukan Pengadilan Khusus Agraria Untuk Mengimplementasikan Asas-Asas Umum Pemerintahan yang Baik dalam Penyelesaian Urusan Tanah
Authors: Zaidan Muhammad , Nugraha Nicholas , Gusthomi Moh. 
Published: December 2024

Jurnal yang berjudul Analisis Pembentukan Pengadilan Khusus Agraria untuk Menerapkan Asas-Asas Umum Pemerintahan yang Baik dalam Penyelesaian Masalah Pertanahan ini membahas tentang pentingnya pembentukan pengadilan khusus agraria di Indonesia untuk menegakkan asas-asas pemerintahan yang baik di tengah-tengah konflik agraria yang terus meningkat dan berdampak pada jutaan keluarga. Laporan ini menekankan pentingnya penerapan prinsip-prinsip dasar seperti transparansi, imparsialitas, akuntabilitas, dan pelayanan publik dalam penyelenggaraan peradilan yang berkaitan dengan sengketa pertanahan. Prinsip transparansi ditekankan sebagai hal yang penting untuk memastikan bahwa masyarakat memiliki akses terhadap informasi yang akurat mengenai tindakan dan keputusan pemerintah, sehingga dapat menumbuhkan kepercayaan dan partisipasi masyarakat. Prinsip ketidakberpihakan juga digarisbawahi, mengadvokasi keputusan yang memprioritaskan kepentingan umum di atas kepentingan individu atau kelompok, sehingga mempromosikan keadilan sosial dan juga kesetaraan. Terakhir, jurnal ini mengartikulasikan pentingnya pelayanan publik, yang menyerukan pemberian layanan yang tepat waktu dan efisien kepada masyarakat dan kemudian memastikan bahwa kebutuhan dan hak-hak masyarakat terpenuhi tanpa diskriminasi.
Invasion of Green-stained Farm Workers from Outer Space(s)? Or a Rural Community Struggling with Issues of Itinerancy?
Authors: Henderson Robyn 
Published: December 2024

This paper investigates stories that are told in a North Queensland rural community about the arrival of itinerant farm workers for the winter harvesting season. Permanent residents often represent this annual event as an invasion of the community byundesirable people who break the law, exacerbate racial tensions and take jobs from locals. Such stories are also heard in the community's schools where significant numbers of itinerant children enrol during the hO/vesting season. In the face of sometimes hostile reception from permanent residents of the community, many itinerant families work hard to 'fit in', trying to ensure positive experiences for their children. This paper explores some of the stories that circulate and examines the way thatnegative perceptions of itinerant families tend to restrict the community's capacity to recognise the benefits that families could contribute to community life.
House arrest as a preventive measure
Authors: Buzescu Gheorghe 
Published: December 2024

Judges have applied house arrest as an alternative to imprisonment since the 17th century. Authorities have often used house arrest to detain political leaders ousted from power following a coup, but this method has been rarely used against common law offenders . The introduction of house arrest into Romanian legislation, with the entry into force of the New Criminal Procedure Code, has sparked numerous debates regarding the preventive nature of this measure and its implications on the restriction of rights such as liberty, free movement, or the presumption of innocence. Considering that in the criminal process, the means of administering justice, such as the administration of evidence, also involve the application of preventive measures aimed at ensuring the proper administration of evidence, preventing the commission of new crimes, and achieving the purpose of the criminal process, house arrest emerges as a necessary, less severe alternative to preventive detention. Currently, compared to other European criminal procedural legislations, house arrest in the Romanian legal framework is regulated and implemented in one of two ways. In Romania, house arrest is exclusively regulated as a preventive measure involving the deprivation of liberty during criminal proceedings, and not as an alternative method of serving a prison sentence. The year 2020 brought the popularization of the term "pandemic," naturally in reference to SARS-CoV-2, while simultaneously creating new legal scenarios. The "state of emergency" imposed restrictions similar to those of preventive measures involving the deprivation of liberty. The significant difference, however, was that the restrictive measures during the state of emergency applied to the entire population and aimed to protect the public from mass infection. Although both ironic and harsh, the state of emergency led to an unintended practical experiment with some of the restrictions imposed by house arrest as a preventive measure. Moreover, since the entry into force of the New Criminal Procedure Code and up to the present, the preventive measure of house arrest has included only in theory the possibility of electronic monitoring. New possibilities in this regard emerged with the adoption of Law no. 146 of May 17, 2021, concerning electronic monitoring in judicial and penal enforcement procedures. This law provides clarifications regarding electronic monitoring devices and addresses a legislative gap regarding the failure to comply with the obligation not to leave the domicile, except in expressly provided situations, now classified as the offense of escape . Finally, I aim to support the legal nature of house arrest by categorizing it, if further confirmation were needed, as a measure involving deprivation of liberty, as recognized by the jurisprudence of the European Court of Human Rights (ECHR), particularly in the cases of Manzoni v. Italy and Lavents v. Latvia .
CARACTERIZAÇÃO DO SOLO NA ESCOLHA DA FUNDAÇÃO
Authors: Souza Luan Rogério de , Marco Gerson 
Published: December 2024

Este estudo aborda a importância da escolha adequada do tipo de fundação no projeto e construção de estruturas. Variações regionais em clima, geologia e topografia influenciam diretamente o comportamento do solo, afetando a escolha da fundação mais apropriada para uma obra. Os estudos de solo fornecem informações cruciais sobre a capacidade de suporte do terreno, compressibilidade e presença de lençóis freáticos, elementos que são essenciais para a engenharia geotécnica. A pesquisa tem como objetivo caracterizar o solo para a escolha da fundação ideal em projetos de engenharia civil. O objetivo deste estudo é apresentar de que forma a interação entre as características específicas da região onde será realizada a construção e os dados obtidos por meio dos estudos de solo podem influenciar na escolha da fundação mais adequada para uma determinada obra. Para alcançar esse objetivo, foram analisados diversos aspectos, tais como, clima, geologia, topografia e outros fatores regionais que possam impactar no comportamento do solo.