bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Reactivation of Floodplains in River Restorations: Long‐Term Implications on the Mobility of Floodplain Sediment Deposits
Authors: Maaß A.‐L. , Schüttrumpf H. 
Published: September 2019

AbstractNowadays, national and international requirements and laws emphasize the “natural” development of river‐floodplain systems. One goal is to increase the connectivity between the river and its floodplains and thus reactivate floodplains as flooding areas, which potentially increases the mobility of fine sediments. The objective of this study is to analyze the long‐term effects of reactivated floodplains on the mobility of floodplain deposits of small rivers based on two river restoration scenarios: elevating the riverbed or lowering the floodplains. Past channel fixation and degradation as well as the subsequent increase in the floodplain elevation led to the decoupling of the channel and floodplain morphodynamics associated with the reduction of the habitat connectivity. Here, the floodplain sedimentation rates were determined using a numerical model based on the Delft3D software. The novelty of these numerical investigations is the morphological long‐term analysis over timescales of decades, which is not comparable to other short‐term hydrodynamic and morphodynamic studies for small meandering lowland rivers. The results of 11 river restoration scenarios show that lowering the floodplain and raising the riverbed elevation both lead to an increase in the fine sediment deposition on the floodplain. However, lowering the floodplain elevation is generally more effective. Based on the numerical model results and the assumption of a fixed river channel, only anthropogenic activity might have increased the amount of fine sediments deposited on floodplains and has accelerated the decoupling of the floodplains from the riverbed in the past centuries.
Item-based analysis of the effects of duloxetine in depression: a patient-level post hoc study
Authors: Lisinski Alexander , Hieronymus Fredrik , Näslund Jakob , Nilsson Staffan , Eriksson Elias 
Published: September 2019

AbstractOft-cited trial-level meta-analyses casting doubt on the usefulness of antidepressants have been based on re-analyses of to what extent the active drug has outperformed placebo in reducing the sum score of the Hamilton Depression Rating Scale (HDRS-17-sum) in clinical trials. Recent studies, however, suggest patient-level analyses of individual HDRS items to be more informative when assessing the efficacy of an antidepressant. To shed further light on both symptom-reducing and symptom-aggravating effects of a serotonin and noradrenaline reuptake inhibitor, duloxetine, when used for major depression in adults, we hence applied this approach to re-analyse data from 13 placebo-controlled trials. In addition, using patient-level data from 28 placebo-controlled trials of selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs), the response profile of duloxetine was compared to that of these drugs. Duloxetine induced a robust reduction in depressed mood that was not dependent on baseline severity and not caused by side-effects breaking the blind. A beneficial effect on depressed mood was at hand already after one week; when outcome was assessed using HDRS-17-sum as effect parameter, this early response was however masked by a concomitant deterioration with respect to adverse event-related items. No support for a suicide-provoking effect of duloxetine was obtained. The response profile of duloxetine was strikingly similar to that of the SSRIs. We conclude that the use of HDRS-17-sum as effect parameter underestimates the true efficacy and masks an early effect of duloxetine on core symptoms of depression. No support for major differences between duloxetine and SSRIs in clinical profile were obtained.
Trehalose promotes the survival of random-pattern skin flaps by TFEB mediated autophagy enhancement
Authors: Wu Hongqiang , Chen Huanwen , Zheng Zhilong , Li Jiafeng , Ding Jian , Huang Zihuai , Jia Chang , Shen Zitong , Bao Guodong , Wu Lingyun , Mamun Abdullah Al , Xu Huazi , Gao Weiyang , Zhou Kailiang 
Published: September 2019

AbstractRandom-pattern skin flaps are commonly used and valuable tools in reconstructive surgery, however, post-operative random skin flap necrosis remains a major and common complication. Previous studies have suggested that activating autophagy, a major pathway for degradation of intracellular waste, may improve flap survival. In this study, we investigated whether trehalose, a novel and potent autophagy activator, improves random skin flap viability. Our results demonstrated that trehalose significantly improves viability, augments blood flow, and decreases tissue edema. Furthermore, we found that trehalose leads to increased angiogenesis, decreased apoptosis, and reduced oxidative stress. Using immunohistochestry and western blot, we demonstrated that trehalose augments autophagy, and that inhibition of autophagy augmentation using 3MA significantly blunted the aforementioned benefits of trehalose therapy. Mechanistically, we showed that trehalose’s autophagy augmentation is mediated by activation and nuclear translocation of TFEB, which may be due to inhibition of Akt and activation of the AMPK-SKP2-CARM1 signaling pathway. Altogether, our results established that trehalose is a potent agent capable for significantly increasing random-pattern skin flap survival by augmenting autophagy and subsequently promoting angiogenesis, reducing oxidative stress, and inhibiting cell death.
Very long baseline interferometry observation of the triple AGN candidate J0849+1114
Authors: Gabányi K. É. , Frey S. , Satyapal S. , Constantin A. , Pfeifle R. W. 
Published: September 2019

Context. In the hierarchical structure formation model, galaxies grow through various merging events. Numerical simulations indicate that mergers can enhance the activity of central supermassive black holes in galaxies.
Aims. A system of three interacting galaxies, called J0849+1114, has recently been identified and multi-wavelength evidence of all three galaxies containing active galactic nuclei has recently been found. The system has substantial radio emission; we aim to investigate the origin of this radio emission with a high-resolution radio interferometric observation and to discover whether it is related to star formation or to one or more of the active galactic nuclei in the system.
Methods. We performed high-resolution continuum observation of J0849+1114 with the European Very Long Baseline Interferometry Network at 1.7 GHz.
Results. We detected one compact radio emitting source at the position of the easternmost nucleus. Its high brightness temperature and radio power indicate that the radio emission originates from a radio-emitting active galactic nucleus. Additionally, we found that significant amount of flux density is contained in ∼100 milliarcsec-scale feature related to the active nucleus.
Top-down, bottom-up or outside-in? An examination of triadic mechanisms on firm innovation in Chinese firms
Authors: Zhou Yu , Liu Guangjian , Chang Xiaoxi , Hong Ying 
Published: September 2019

AbstractThis paper examines the influence of the interaction of three sources of innovation, namely, top-down (bureaucratic structure), bottom-up (high-involvement HRM) and outside-in (outreaching network), on two stages of firm innovation, i.e. invention and commercialization. Using data from 620 large Chinese companies, we found that there was a synergy between the bureaucratic structure and a high-involvement HRM system in influencing firm innovation. Social networks were most effective in promoting firm innovation in the presence of a high-involvement HRM system. The bureaucratic structure inhibited social networks in contributing to firm innovation. Ideas for future research and practical implications are discussed.
Alternatives to Transfusion
Authors: Bachert Sara Emily , Dogra Prerna , Boral Leonard I 
Published: September 2019

Abstract

Objectives
We discuss two main categories of blood substitutes: perfluorocarbons and hemoglobin-based oxygen carriers.

Methods
We provide a review of the notable products developed in both categories and include their attributes as well as their setbacks.

Results
We contribute a case report tothe growing literature of the successful use of Sanguinate.

Conclusions
We find that artificial oxygen carriers are an attractive field of research because of the practical limitations and the multitude of potential complications that surround human blood transfusions.
A Randomized Trial to Evaluate the Effects of Folic Acid and Zinc Supplementation on Male Fertility and Livebirth: Design and Baseline Characteristics
Authors: Schisterman Enrique F , Clemons Traci , Peterson C Matthew , Johnstone Erica , Hammoud Ahmad O , Lamb Denise , Carrell Douglas T , Perkins Neil J , Sjaarda Lindsey A , Van Voorhis Bradley J , Ryan Ginny , Summers Karen , Campbell Bruce , Robins Jared , Chaney Kayla , Mills James L , Mendola Pauline , Chen Zhen , DeVilbiss Elizabeth A , Mumford Sunni L 
Published: September 2019

AbstractThe Folic Acid and Zinc Supplementation Trial (FAZST) was a multicenter, double-blind, block-randomized, placebo-controlled trial to determine whether folic acid and zinc supplementation in men improves semen quality and increases livebirth rate among couples seeking infertility treatment (2013–2017). Eligible men were aged 18 years or older with female partners aged 18–45 years, seeking infertility treatment. Men were randomized (1:1) to 5 mg folic acid and 30 mg elemental zinc daily or matching placebo for 6 months. Randomization was stratified by site and intended infertility treatment (in vitro fertilization (IVF), non-IVF/study site, and non-IVF/outside clinic). Follow-up of men continued for 6 months, and female partners were passively followed for a minimum of 9 months. Women who conceived were followed throughout pregnancy. Overall, 2,370 men were randomized during 2013–2017 (1,185 folic acid and zinc, 1,185 placebo); they had a mean age of 33 years and body mass index (weight (kg)/height (m)2) of 29.8. Most participants were white (82%), well educated (83% with some college), and employed (72%). Participant characteristics were balanced across intervention arms. Study visits were completed by 89%, 77%, and 75% of men at months 2, 4, and 6, respectively. Here we describe the study design, recruitment, data collection, lessons learned, and baseline participant characteristics.
Quantifying the contribution of bent shoots to plant photosynthesis and biomass production of flower shoots in rose (Rosa hybrida) using a functional–structural plant model
Authors: Zhang Ningyi , van Westreenen Arian , Evers Jochem B , Anten Niels P R , Marcelis Leo F M 
Published: September 2019

AbstractBackground and AimsThe success of using bent shoots in cut-rose (Rosa hybrida) production to improve flower shoot quality has been attributed to bent shoots capturing more light and thus providing more assimilates for flower shoot growth. We aimed at quantifying this contribution of photosynthesis by bent shoots to flower shoot growth.MethodsRose plants were grown with four upright flower shoots and with no, one or three bent shoots per plant. Plant architectural traits, leaf photosynthetic parameters and organ dry weight were measured. A functional–structural plant (FSP) model of rose was used to calculate photosynthesis of upright shoots and bent shoots separately, taking into account the heterogeneous canopy structure of these plants.Key ResultsBent shoots contributed to 43–53 % of total assimilated CO2 by the plant. Plant photosynthesis increased by 73 and 117 % in plants with, respectively, one and three bent shoots compared with plants without bent shoots. Upright shoot photosynthesis was not significantly affected by the presence of bent shoots. However, upright shoot dry weight increased by 35 and 59 % in plants with, respectively, one and three bent shoots compared with plants without bent shoots. The increased upright shoot dry weight was entirely due to the contribution of extra photosynthesis by bent shoots, as this was the only source that could induce differences in upright shoot growth apart from their own photosynthesis. At least 47–51 % of the photosynthesis by bent shoots was translocated to upright shoots to support their biomass increase.ConclusionsBased on model simulations, we conclude that the positive effect of shoot bending on flower shoot growth and quality in cut-rose production system can almost entirely be attributed to assimilate supply from bent shoots. FSP modelling is a useful tool to quantify the contributions of photosynthesis by different parts of heterogeneous canopies.
In search of the lost parts of Bach’s cantata Singet dem Herrn ein neues Lied (bwv190)
Authors: Göncz Zoltán 
Published: September 2019

Abstract
The surviving manuscript score of Bach’s first cantata for New Year’s Day in Leipzig (bwv190) does not contain the first two movements of the composition; only the choral parts and the two violin parts have survived. The parts for the three trumpets, timpani, three oboes, bassoon, viola and continuo are all lost. What is left is so incomplete and the loss of information so dramatic that we might think a performance of the first movement would be out of the question. This article appraises previous scholarly reconstructions of the movement and introduces the author’s own reconstruction, which is published in full in an online appendix. In the process of reconstruction, many insights arise into Bach’s compositional technique for large-scale choral movements and his preferred instrumentation.
Electrocardiographic characterization of non-selective His-bundle pacing: validation of novel diagnostic criteria
Authors: Jastrzębski Marek , Moskal Paweł , Curila Karol , Fijorek Kamil , Kukla Piotr , Bednarek Agnieszka , Kiełbasa Grzegorz , Bednarski Adam , Baranchuk Adrian , Czarnecka Danuta 
Published: September 2019

AbstractAims Permanent His-bundle (HB) pacing is usually accompanied by simultaneous capture of the adjacent right ventricular (RV) myocardium—this is described as a non-selective (ns)-HB pacing. It is of clinical importance to confirm HB capture using standard electrocardiogram (ECG). Our aim was to identify ECG criteria for loss of HB capture during ns-HB pacing.Methods and results Patients with permanent HB pacing were recruited. Electrocardiograms during ns-HB pacing and loss of HB capture (RV-only capture) were obtained. Electrocardiogram criteria for loss/presence of HB capture were identified. In the validation phase, these criteria and the ‘HB ECG algorithm’ were tested using a separate, sizable set of ECGs. A total of 353 ECG (226 ns-HB and 128 RV-only) were obtained from 226 patients with permanent HB pacing devices. QRS notch/slur in left ventricular leads and R-wave peak time (RWPT) in lead V6 were identified as the best features for differentiation. The ‘HB ECG algorithm’ based on these features correctly classified 87.1% of cases with sensitivity and specificity of 93.2% and 83.9%, respectively. The criteria for definitive diagnosis of ns-HB capture (no QRS slur/notch in Leads I, V1, V4–V6, and the V6 RWPT ≤ 100 ms) presented 100% specificity.Conclusion A novel ECG algorithm for the diagnosis of loss of HB capture and criteria for definitive confirmation of HB capture were formulated and validated. The algorithm might be useful during follow-up and the criteria for definitive confirmation of ns-HB capture offer a simple and reliable ancillary procedural endpoint during HB device implantation.
Genomics of Aerobic Photoheterotrophs in Wheat Phyllosphere Reveals Divergent Evolutionary Patterns of Photosynthetic Genes in Methylobacterium spp.
Authors: Zervas Athanasios , Zeng Yonghui , Madsen Anne Mette , Hansen Lars H 
Published: September 2019

AbstractPhyllosphere is a habitat to a variety of viruses, bacteria, fungi, and other microorganisms, which play a fundamental role in maintaining the health of plants and mediating the interaction between plants and ambient environments. A recent addition to this catalogue of microbial diversity was the aerobic anoxygenic phototrophs (AAPs), a group of widespread bacteria that absorb light through bacteriochlorophyll α (BChl a) to produce energy without fixing carbon or producing molecular oxygen. However, culture representatives of AAPs from phyllosphere and their genome information are lacking, limiting our capability to assess their potential ecological roles in this unique niche. In this study, we investigated the presence of AAPs in the phyllosphere of a winter wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) in Denmark by employing bacterial colony based infrared imaging and MALDI-TOF mass spectrometry (MS) techniques. A total of ∼4,480 colonies were screened for the presence of cellular BChl a, resulting in 129 AAP isolates that were further clustered into 21 groups based on MALDI-TOF MS profiling, representatives of which were sequenced using the Illumina NextSeq and Oxford Nanopore MinION platforms. Seventeen draft and four complete genomes of AAPs were assembled belonging in Methylobacterium, Rhizobium, Roseomonas, and a novel Alsobacter. We observed a diverging pattern in the evolutionary rates of photosynthesis genes among the highly homogenous AAP strains of Methylobacterium (Alphaproteobacteria), highlighting an ongoing genomic innovation at the gene cluster level.
Multitask learning for local seismic image processing: fault detection, structure-oriented smoothing with edge-preserving, and seismic normal estimation by using a single convolutional neural network
Authors: Wu Xinming , Liang Luming , Shi Yunzhi , Geng Zhicheng , Fomel Sergey 
Published: September 2019

SummaryFault detection in a seismic image is a key step of structural interpretation. Structure-oriented smoothing with edge-preserving removes noise while enhancing seismic structures and sharpening structural edges in a seismic image, which, therefore, facilitates and accelerates the seismic structural interpretation. Estimating seismic normal vectors or reflection slopes is a basic step for many other seismic data processing tasks. All the three seismic image processing tasks are related to each other as they all involve the analysis of seismic structural features. In conventional seismic image processing schemes, however, these three tasks are often independently performed by different algorithms and challenges remain in each of them. We propose to simultaneously perform all the three tasks by using a single convolutional neural network (CNN). To train the network, we automatically create thousands of 3-D noisy synthetic seismic images and corresponding ground truth of fault images, clean seismic images and seismic normal vectors. Although trained with only the synthetic data sets, the network automatically learns to accurately perform all the three image processing tasks in a general seismic image. Multiple field examples show that the network is significantly superior to the conventional methods in all the three tasks of computing a more accurate and sharper fault detection, a smoothed seismic volume with better enhanced structures and structural edges, and more accurate seismic normal vectors or reflection slopes. Using a Titan Xp GPU, the training processing takes about 8 hr and the trained model takes only half a second to process a seismic volume with $128\, \times \, 128\, \times \, 128$ image samples.
Public health management: systemic analysis of social determinants of health in Brazilian municipalities
Authors: Melo Francisco Carlos Carvalho de , Costa Rodolfo Ferreira Ribeiro da , Del Corso Jansen Maia 
Published: September 2019

AbstractThe health sector is considered extremely important by governments and multilateral international organisms, due to its implication to life, as well as material and human struggling involved. This study adopts a systematical approach in order to question if the mortality outcomes in medium Brazilian cities explain or may be explained by factors considered external to the public health service, expressed by health social determinants. Therefore, this study aims to investigate health conditions in public health management in medium Brazilian cities. The scenario adopted contains 192 cities with a population contingent between 100 000 and 500 000 inhabitants, between the years 2007 and 2011. The database produced, containing 30 indicators representing conceptual models referenced, allowed the elaboration of an operational model of health social determinants from a Bayesian network. As result, we elaborated a model of health system formed by six factors, showing associations that allow a better comprehension about relations among health social determinants and health conditions, producing contextualized information, able to subsidize the formulation of strategies by managers of Sistema Único de Saúde.
Pathogenic mutations in the ALS gene CCNF cause cytoplasmic mislocalization of Cyclin F and elevated VCP ATPase activity
Authors: Yu Yujiao , Nakagawa Tadashi , Morohoshi Akane , Nakagawa Makiko , Ishida Noriko , Suzuki Naoki , Aoki Masashi , Nakayama Keiko 
Published: September 2019

AbstractAmyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) is an adult-onset motor neuron disease characterized by a progressive decline in motor function. Genetic analyses have identified several genes mutated in ALS patients, and one of them is Cyclin F gene (CCNF), the product of which (Cyclin F) serves as the substrate-binding module of a SKP1–CUL1–F-box protein (SCF) ubiquitin ligase complex. However, the role of Cyclin F in ALS pathogenesis has remained unclear. Here, we show that Cyclin F binds to valosin-containing protein (VCP), which is also reported to be mutated in ALS, and that the two proteins colocalize in the nucleus. VCP was found to bind to the NH2-terminal region of Cyclin F and was not ubiquitylated by SCFCyclin F in transfected cells. Instead, the ATPase activity of VCP was enhanced by Cyclin F in vitro. Furthermore, whereas ALS-associated mutations of CCNF did not affect the stability of Cyclin F or disrupt formation of the SCFCyclin F complex, amino acid substitutions in the VCP binding region increased the binding ability of Cyclin F to VCP and activity of VCP as well as mislocalization of the protein in the cytoplasm. We also provided evidence that the ATPase activity of VCP promotes cytoplasmic aggregation of transactivation responsive region (TAR) DNA-binding protein 43, which is commonly observed in degenerating neurons in ALS patients. Given that mutations of VCP identified in ALS patients also increase its ATPase activity, our results suggest that Cyclin F mutations may contribute to ALS pathogenesis by increasing the ATPase activity of VCP in the cytoplasm, which in turn increases TDP-43 aggregates.
The Gromov–Wasserstein distance between networks and stable network invariants
Authors: Chowdhury Samir , Mémoli Facundo 
Published: September 2019

Abstract
We define a metric—the network Gromov–Wasserstein distance—on weighted, directed networks that is sensitive to the presence of outliers. In addition to proving its theoretical properties, we supply network invariants based on optimal transport that approximate this distance by means of lower bounds. We test these methods on a range of simulated network datasets and on a dataset of real-world global bilateral migration. For our simulations, we define a network generative model based on the stochastic block model. This may be of independent interest for benchmarking purposes.