bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
SOX17 restrains proliferation and tumor formation by down-regulating activity of the Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway via trans-suppressing β-catenin in cervical cancer
Authors: Li Lu , Yang Wen-Ting , Zheng Peng-Sheng , Liu Xiao-Fang 
Published: July 2018

AbstractThe SRY-box containing gene 17 (SOX17) is considered as a regulator in stemness maintenance and a suppressor in some malignant tumors. However, the biological function and molecular mechanism of SOX17 in the process of initiation and progression of cervical cancer remain obscure. In this study, immunohistochemistry showed that the expression of SOX17 was high in the normal cervix, moderate in the high-grade squamous intraepithelial lesion, and low in the cervical cancer. SOX17 inhibited the proliferation and viability of cervical cancer cells in vitro as well as tumor formation in vivo. Additionally, SOX17 induced the cell cycle arrest at the transition from the G0/G1 phase to the S phase. The TOP/ FOP-Flash reporter assay and Western blotting showed SOX17 inhibited the activity of the Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway in cervical cancer. Further, firefly luciferase reporter assay and quantitative chromatin immunoprecipitation (qChIP) assays confirmed that SOX17 trans-suppressed the expression of β-catenin by directly binding to the specific region of the β-catenin promoter. Together, our data demonstrated that SOX17 restrained the proliferation and tumor formation by down-regulating the activity of the Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway via trans-suppression of β-catenin in cervical cancer.
Genome-wide real-time in vivo transcriptional dynamics during Plasmodium falciparum blood-stage development
Authors: Painter Heather J. , Chung Neo Christopher , Sebastian Aswathy , Albert Istvan , Storey John D. , Llinás Manuel 
Published: July 2018

AbstractGenome-wide analysis of transcription in the malaria parasite Plasmodium falciparum has revealed robust variation in steady-state mRNA abundance throughout the 48-h intraerythrocytic developmental cycle (IDC), suggesting that this process is highly dynamic and tightly regulated. Here, we utilize rapid 4-thiouracil (4-TU) incorporation via pyrimidine salvage to specifically label, capture, and quantify newly-synthesized RNA transcripts at every hour throughout the IDC. This high-resolution global analysis of the transcriptome captures the timing and rate of transcription for each newly synthesized mRNA in vivo, revealing active transcription throughout all IDC stages. Using a statistical model to predict the mRNA dynamics contributing to the total mRNA abundance at each timepoint, we find varying degrees of transcription and stabilization for each mRNA corresponding to developmental transitions. Finally, our results provide new insight into co-regulation of mRNAs throughout the IDC through regulatory DNA sequence motifs, thereby expanding our understanding of P. falciparum mRNA dynamics.
Attentional fluctuations induce shared variability in macaque primary visual cortex
Authors: Denfield George H. , Ecker Alexander S. , Shinn Tori J. , Bethge Matthias , Tolias Andreas S. 
Published: July 2018

AbstractVariability in neuronal responses to identical stimuli is frequently correlated across a population. Attention is thought to reduce these correlations by suppressing noisy inputs shared by the population. However, even with precise control of the visual stimulus, the subject’s attentional state varies across trials. While these state fluctuations are bound to induce some degree of correlated variability, it is currently unknown how strong their effect is, as previous studies generally do not dissociate changes in attentional strength from changes in attentional state variability. We designed a novel paradigm that does so and find both a pronounced effect of attentional fluctuations on correlated variability at long timescales and attention-dependent reductions in correlations at short timescales. These effects predominate in layers 2/3, as expected from a feedback signal such as attention. Thus, significant portions of correlated variability can be attributed to fluctuations in internally generated signals, like attention, rather than noise.
Gut microbiota associations with common diseases and prescription medications in a population-based cohort
Authors: Jackson Matthew A. , Verdi Serena , Maxan Maria-Emanuela , Shin Cheol Min , Zierer Jonas , Bowyer Ruth C. E. , Martin Tiphaine , Williams Frances M. K. , Menni Cristina , Bell Jordana T. , Spector Tim D. , Steves Claire J. 
Published: July 2018

AbstractThe human gut microbiome has been associated with many health factors but variability between studies limits exploration of effects between them. Gut microbiota profiles are available for >2700 members of the deeply phenotyped TwinsUK cohort, providing a uniform platform for such comparisons. Here, we present gut microbiota association analyses for 38 common diseases and 51 medications within the cohort. We describe several novel associations, highlight associations common across multiple diseases, and determine which diseases and medications have the greatest association with the gut microbiota. These results provide a reference for future studies of the gut microbiome and its role in human health.
Interleukin 10 mutant zebrafish have an enhanced interferon gamma response and improved survival against a Mycobacterium marinum infection
Authors: Harjula Sanna-Kaisa E. , Ojanen Markus J. T. , Taavitsainen Sinja , Nykter Matti , Rämet Mika 
Published: July 2018

AbstractTuberculosis ranks as one of the world’s deadliest infectious diseases causing more than a million casualties annually. IL10 inhibits the function of Th1 type cells, and IL10 deficiency has been associated with an improved resistance againstMycobacterium tuberculosisinfection in a mouse model. Here, we utilizedM. marinuminfection in the zebrafish (Danio rerio) as a model for studying Il10 in the host response against mycobacteria. Unchallenged, nonsenseil10e46/e46mutant zebrafish were fertile and phenotypically normal. Following a chronic mycobacterial infection,il10e46/e46mutants showed enhanced survival compared to the controls. This was associated with an increased expression of the Th cell markercd4-1and a shift towards a Th1 type immune response, which was demonstrated by the upregulated expression oftbx21andifng1, as well as the down-regulation ofgata3. In addition, at 8 weeks post infectionil10e46/e46mutant zebrafish had reduced expression levels of proinflammatory cytokinestnfbandil1b, presumably indicating slower progress of the infection. Altogether, our data show that Il10 can weaken the immune defense againstM. marinuminfection in zebrafish by restrictingifng1response. Importantly, our findings support the relevance ofM. marinuminfection in zebrafish as a model for tuberculosis.
Soluble interleukin-27 receptor alpha is a valuable prognostic biomarker for acute graft-versus-host disease after allogeneic haematopoietic stem cell transplantation
Authors: Liu Shuangzhu , Han Jingjing , Gong Huanle , Li Yongsheng , Bao Xiebing , Qi Jiaqian , Liu Hong , Chen Jia , Wu Xiaojin , Xu Yang , Ma Shoubao , Wu Depei 
Published: July 2018

AbstractAcute graft-versus-host disease (aGVHD) is a major life-threatening complication after allogeneic haematopoietic stem cell transplantation. Interleukin-27 receptor alpha (IL-27Rα) is a co-receptor of IL-27, an inflammatory cytokine that possesses extensive immunological functions. It has been reported that IL-27Rα can exist in its soluble form (sIL-27Rα) in human serum and can function as a natural IL-27 antagonist. In this study, we examined serum sIL-27Rα levels and evaluated their prognostic value in aGVHD. A total of 152 subjects were prospectively recruited and separated into the training group (n = 72) and the validation group (n = 80). Serum sIL-27Rα at neutrophil engraftment was measured by ELISA. In the training set, a cut-off value of sIL-27Rα = 59.40 ng/ml was identified to predict grade II–IV aGVHD (AUC = 0.735, 95% CI 0.618–0.853, P = 0.001). Cumulative incidences of grade II–IV aGVHD (P = 0.004), relapse rate (P = 0.008), and non-relapse mortality (P = 0.008) in patients with low serum sIL-27Rα (≥59.40 ng/ml) were significantly higher than those of patients with high serum sIL-27Rα (<59.40 ng/ml). Multivariate analysis confirmed that low sIL-27Rα level (HR = 2.83 95% CI 1.29–6.19, P < 0.01) was an independent risk factor for predicting grade II-IV aGVHD. In addition, serum sIL-27Rα was positively correlated with IL-27 (R = 0.27, P = 0.029), IL-10 (R = 0.37, P = 0.0015) and HGF (R = 0.27, P = 0.0208), but was negatively correlated with TNFR1 (R = −0.365, P = 0.0022) and ST2 (R = −0.334, P = 0.0041), elafin (R = −0.29, P = 0.0117), and REG3α (R = −0.417, P = 0.0003). More importantly, the threshold value of sIL-27Rα was then validated in an independent cohort of 80 patients (AUC = 0.790, 95% CI 0.688–0.892, P < 0.001). Taken together, our findings suggested that serum sIL-27Rα at neutrophil engraftment maybe a valuable prognostic biomarker in predicting the incidence of moderate-to-severe aGVHD.
A power law distribution of metabolite abundance levels in mice regardless of the time and spatial scale of analysis
Authors: Sato Shumpei , Horikawa Makoto , Kondo Takeshi , Sato Tomohito , Setou Mitsutoshi 
Published: July 2018

AbstractBiomolecule abundance levels change with the environment and enable a living system to adapt to the new conditions. Although, the living system maintains at least some characteristics, e.g. homeostasis. One of the characteristics maintained by a living system is a power law distribution of biomolecule abundance levels. Previous studies have pointed to a universal characteristic of biochemical reaction networks, with data obtained from lysates of multiple cells. As a result, the spatial scale of the data related to the power law distribution of biomolecule abundance levels is not clear. In this study, we researched the scaling law of metabolites in mouse tissue with a spatial scale of quantification that was changed stepwise between a whole-tissue section and a single-point analysis (25 μm). As a result, metabolites in mouse tissues were found to follow the power law distribution independently of the spatial scale of analysis. Additionally, we tested the temporal changes by comparing data from younger and older mice. Both followed similar power law distributions, indicating that metabolite composition is not diversified by aging to disrupt the power law distribution. The power law distribution of metabolite abundance is thus a robust characteristic of a living system regardless of time and space.
Integer-dimensional fractals of nonlinear dynamics, control mechanisms, and physical implications
Authors: He Zonglu 
Published: July 2018

AbstractFractal dimensionality is accepted as a measure of complexity for systems that cannot be described by integer dimensions. However, fractal control mechanisms, physical implications, and relations to nonlinear dynamics have not yet been fully clarified. Herein we explore these issues in a spacetime using a nonlinear integrated model derived by applying Newton’s second law into self-regulating systems. We discover that (i) a stochastic stable fixed point exhibits self-similarity and long-term memory, while a deterministic stable fixed point usually only exhibits self-similarity, if our observation scale is large enough; (ii) stochastic/deterministic period cycles and chaos only exhibit long-term memory, but also self-similarity for even restorative delays; (iii) fractal level of a stable fixed point is controlled primarily by the wave indicators that reflect the relative strength of extrinsic to intrinsic forces: a larger absolute slope (smaller amplitude) indicator leads to higher positive dependence (self-similarity), and a relatively large amplitude indicator or an even restorative delay could make the dependence oscillate; and (iv) fractal levels of period cycles and chaos rely on the intrinsic resistance, restoration, and regulative delays. Our findings suggest that fractals of self-regulating systems can be measured by integer dimensions.
Smart subsidies for catchment conservation in Malawi
Authors: Bell Andrew Reid , Ward Patrick S. , Mapemba Lawrence , Nyirenda Zephania , Msukwa Wupe , Kenamu Edwin 
Published: July 2018

AbstractConservation agriculture (CA) is a management paradigm in which soil is covered outside of cropping seasons, minimally disturbed, and recharged with nitrogen-fixing legumes. Finding effective ways to encourage CA is a centuries-old problem playing out acutely today in Sub-Saharan Africa. To better understand this issue, we have collected data on rural livelihoods and CA adoption during a two-year intervention in southern Malawi. The intervention evaluated rates of CA adoption under two different structures of payment and three levels of monitoring. The dataset includes a baseline and endline survey covering 1,900 households, along with surveys conducted with participants opting into the intervention. Baseline and endline questions included modules on farm-level inputs and production at the plot-crop level; plot characteristics; household composition and assets; savings, loans, and other sources of income; neighborhood characteristics; and perceptions regarding CA. Registration questionnaires in the intervention included detailed assessments of recent production in plots being registered to the intervention, and basic information for all other plots; and basic information on household structure and assets.
Viruses of the Nahant Collection, characterization of 251 marine Vibrionaceae viruses
Authors: Kauffman Kathryn M. , Brown Julia M. , Sharma Radhey S. , VanInsberghe David , Elsherbini Joseph , Polz Martin , Kelly Libusha 
Published: July 2018

AbstractViruses are highly discriminating in their interactions with host cells and are thought to play a major role in maintaining diversity of environmental microbes. However, large-scale ecological and genomic studies of co-occurring virus-host pairs, required to characterize the mechanistic and genomic foundations of virus-host interactions, are lacking. Here, we present the largest dataset of cultivated and sequenced co-occurring virus-host pairs that captures ecologically representative fine-scale diversity. Using the ubiquitous and ecologically diverse marine Vibrionaceae as a host platform, we isolate and sequence 251 dsDNA viruses and their hosts from three time points within a 93-day time-series study. The virus collection includes representatives of the three Caudovirales tailed virus morphotypes, a novel family of nontailed viruses, and the smallest (10,046 bp) and largest (348,911 bp) Vibrio virus genomes described. We provide general characterization and annotation of the viruses and describe read-mapping protocols to standardize genome presentation. The rich ecological and genomic contextualization of hosts and viruses make the Nahant Collection a unique platform for high-resolution studies of environmental virus-host infection networks.
Marine phytoplankton community composition data from the Belgian part of the North Sea, 1968–2010
Authors: Nohe Anja , Knockaert Carolien , Goffin Annelies , Dewitte Elien , De Cauwer Karien , Desmit Xavier , Vyverman Wim , Tyberghein Lennert , Lagring Ruth , Sabbe Koen 
Published: July 2018

AbstractThe Belgian Phytoplankton Database (BPD) is a comprehensive data collection comprising quantitative phytoplankton cell counts from multiple research projects conducted since 1968. The collection is focused on the Belgian part of the North Sea, but also includes data from the French and the Dutch part of the North Sea. The database includes almost 300 unique sampling locations and more than 3,000 sampling events resulting in more than 86,000 phytoplankton cell count records. The dataset covers two periods: 1968 to 1978 and 1994 to 2010. The BPD can be accessed online and provides high quality phytoplankton count data. The species taxonomy is updated, and the count values are quality checked and standardized. Important metadata like sampling date, sampling location, sampling depth and methodology is provided and standardized. Additionally, associated abiotic data and biovolume values are available. The dataset allows to conduct analyses of long-term temporal and spatial trends in phytoplankton community structure in the southern part of the North Sea, including changes in phytoplankton phenology and seasonality.
Dwarf irregular galaxy Leo A extends even farther, according to HST WFC3 photometry
Authors: Stonkutė R. , Čeponis M. , Leščinskaitė A. , Naujalis R. , Vansevičius V. 
Published: July 2018

Context. Leo A is an isolated gas-rich dwarf irregular galaxy of low stellar mass and metallicity residing at the outskirts of the Local Group. Ages of the stellar populations in Leo A range from ~10 Myr to ~10 Gyr. A large stellar halo (up to the deprojected distance of ~1.7 kpc) was discovered based on Subaru wide-field photometry of red giant branch stars.Aims. We aim to study stellar populations at the very outer region of the Leo A galaxy.Methods. We analysed HST WFC3 archive observation data in the field that is partly located beyond the previously known limits of the Leo A galaxy. We performed photometry of star-like objects in theF475WandF814Wpassbands and studied the spatial distribution of the Leo A stars below the horizontal branch.Results. We report a discovery of stellar halo populations (subgiants and faint red giants) in the Leo A galaxy extending up to ~2.3 kpc deprojected distance from the galaxy centre. Analysis of the colour-magnitude diagram suggests old (>5 Gyr) stellar populations of very low metallicity (Z~ 0.0001).
Glück trotz psychischer Erkrankung?
Authors: Prins Sibylle 
Published: July 2018

ZusammenfassungDas Wort „trotz“ und das Fragezeichen im Titel des Beitrags legen nahe, dass eine psychische Erkrankung dem Glück entgegensteht. Tatsächlich ist eine psychische Erkrankung zunächst etwas, was unglücklich macht. Das liegt nicht zuletzt an den mit der Krankheit verbundenen psychosozialen Konsequenzen. Psychiatrieerfahrene sind bei den klassischen Glücksquellen häufig benachteiligt. Doch zum einen ist es gar nicht klar, ob es im Leben immer nur darauf ankommt, glücklich zu sein. Unglückliche Menschen haben der Welt viel gegeben (z. B. als Philosophen und Künstler). Und zum anderen kann man auch das Glück haben, nicht nur trotz, sondern wegen einer psychischen Erkrankung glücklich zu werden. Der Beitrag endet mit einer illustrativen Geschichte vom unverhofften Besuch des Glücks.
Universitätspsychiatrie, Heilanstalt, Wehrmachtslazarett: Der Heidelberger Psychiater Hans W. Gruhle (1880 – 1958) in der württembergischen Anstaltspsychiatrie 1935 – 1945
Authors: Reichelt Bernd , Müller Thomas 
Published: July 2018

ZusammenfassungWegen seiner Vorbehalte gegenüber dem Nationalsozialismus konnte der Heidelberger Psychiater Hans W. Gruhle 1934 seine Universitätslaufbahn nicht fortsetzen. Er wurde im württembergischen Innenministerium tätig und leitete später die Heilanstalten Zwiefalten und Weissenau bei Ravensburg. Von 1940 – 1945 leitete er das Reservelazarett in Winnenden. Anhand archivalischer Quellen wird Gruhles Biografie auf Handlungsspielräume des ärztlichen Personals in der Psychiatrie während der Zeit des Nationalsozialismus hin untersucht.
γ-Dimerization, α-Polymerization, and Plasmin Degradation of Human Fibrin
Authors: Carsten Feddersen J , Gormsen Johs 
Published: July 2018

SummaryThe effect of different factor XIII inhibitors (competetive inhibition, interference with active center SH-groups in different ways, Ca2+ depletion) on the sequence of the γ-dimerization and α-polymerization of fibrin is examined by sodium dodecyl sulphate polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (SDS-PAE) (reduced material). They all inhibit either γ-dimerization and a-polymerization or a-polymerization alone irrespective of the factor XIII inhibitory mechanism.Non-crosslinked fibrin and fibrin clots of different degrees of crosslinking are digested with plasmin and the lysate tested in SDS-PAE (non-reduced material) and crossed agarose gel Immunoelectrophoresis (CAIE). The digests contain Fragment D and Fragment D-D respectively and Fragment E. An additional Fragment E with less anodic mobility in CAIE, and not demonstrable in SDS-PAE, is seen in increasing amounts with increasing γ-dimerization, α-polymerization does not further change the CAIE patterns.
Analysis of the Disappearance Curve of Labelled Fibrinogen at the Time of Hyperfibrinogenemia in Rabbits with Acute or Chronic Intravascular Coagulation
Authors: Hasegawa H , Watanabe N , Nagata H , Murao M 
Published: July 2018

SummaryIn order to study fibrinogen metabolism, the disappearance curve of 125I-labelled homologous fibrinogen was investigated in the rabbits with experimentally induced acute or chronic intravascular coagulation by injection of Lycopodium spores or thromboplastin. The results obtained were as follows.1. Using haemolysate, an intermediate phase with upward convexity was clearly recognized between the early rapid-decay phase and the late slow phase in each radioactivity decay curve obtained in groups of rabbits. This convexity was most marked with acute intravascular coagulation induced by injection of Lycopodium spores, and was less marked, although higher, with chronic intravascular coagulation induced by injection of thromboplastin than that in the normal control.2. The disappearance curve with the intermediate phase could be expressed, in approximation, as a sum of 2 equations - the initial exponential decay equation and the late parabolic one.3. From the results obtained by separate examinations of the disappearance curve of plasma, fibrin clots and serum in rabbits with acute intravascular coagulation induced by injection of Lycopodium spores, the intermediate phase appears to be influenced more by the secondary increase of labelled non-clottable part than recirculation of the labelled fibrinogen.4. The half time (27.4 hours) of the radioactivity in fibrin clots at the late phase observed in the group of rabbits with acute intravascular coagulation induced by injection of Lycopodium spores was shorter than that in the normal rabbits (50.2 hours). This fact may indicate that the increase of fibrinogen in the group of rabbits with acute intravascular coagulation induced by the injection of Lycopodium spores is due to overproduction of fibrinogen.5. The half time of labelled fibrinogen should be calculated from disappearance curve of fibrin clots, instead from that of haemolysate or plasma.
Platelet Adhesiveness and Fibrinolysis after Recent Cerebro-Vascular Accidents and their Relationship with Subsequent Deep Venous Thrombosis of the Legs
Authors: Warlow C. P , Rennie J. A. N , Ogston D , Douglas A. S 
Published: July 2018

SummaryIn fifteen patients with a cerebro-vascular accident resulting in an acute hemiplegia there was a subsequent rise in the platelet count and plasma fibrinogen level. There were no significant alterations in platelet adhesiveness, plasminogen activator, plasminogen, FR-antigen and haematocrit. Patients diagnosed as developing deep venous thrombosis with the 125I-fibrinogen technique had a significantly lower platelet adhesiveness and plasminogen level than those who were not.
Microvascular Haemostasis and the Effect of Local Stimulation and inhibition of Platelet Function. An Experimental Study in Rabbits
Authors: Bergqvist D , Arfors K.-E 
Published: July 2018

SummaryThe local stimulation and inhibition of haemostatic plug formation was studied by local infusion and superfusion of different agents – ADP, thrombin, adenosine, heparin, prostaglandin E1 (PGE1) and laser injury. ADP and laser injury shortened venular haemostatic plug formation time whereas adenosine in the superfusate and PGE1 prolonged it. Thrombin infusion had no effect but thrombin in the superfusate significantly stabilised the haemostatic plugs. It is suggested that ADP released from red cells is the most potent stimulator for haemostatic plug formation in the rabbit mesenteric microcirculation.