bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Real‐Time Fault Ride Through Capability Improvement of PMSG‐Wind Turbine Based on Robust Fractional Order Sliding Mode Control
Authors: Feyzi Mojtaba , Roozbehani Sam , Ghaseminejad Liasi Sahand , Deihimi Kordkandi Reza 
Published: November 2024

ABSTRACTThe increasing integration of renewable energy sources, such as wind power, poses significant challenges for maintaining grid stability and reliability, especially under fault conditions. The issue of transient response speed of the control system during fault occurrence and clearing is one of those challenges. In this article, a fractional‐order sliding mode control (FOSMC) method is introduced for a wind energy conversion system (WECS) with a variable‐speed direct‐drive permanent magnet synchronous generator (PMSG) under both normal and fault conditions. During normal operation, the machine‐side converter (MSC) is utilized to achieve maximum power point tracking (MPPT) for the wind turbine, while the grid‐side converter (GSC) regulates the DC‐link voltage and injected reactive power. In fault conditions, such as low voltage ride through (LVRT) events mandated by grid codes, the MSC adjusts the DC‐link voltage instead of the GSC, while the GSC controls active and reactive powers. The proposed control method is compared to a conventional control system. The results demonstrate that the suggested approach offers faster dynamic response and greater robustness under both balanced and unbalanced conditions. Furthermore, by enhancing LVRT capability and reactive power injection, the proposed control method leads to smaller spikes in injected current and DC link voltage. To validate the proposed method, simulations are performed using offline MATLAB/Simulink simulation. Subsequently, the results are validated through experimental real‐time implementation.
Beyond Body Mass Index: Accurate Metabolic Disease‐Risk Phenotyping With 3D Smartphone Application
Authors: McCarthy Cassidy , Tinsley Grant M. , Ramirez Sophia , Heymsfield Steven B. 
Published: November 2024

ABSTRACTObjectiveSmartphone applications (apps) with optical imaging capabilities are transforming the field of physical anthropometry; digital measurements of body size and shape in clinical settings are increasingly feasible. Currently available apps are usually designed around the capture of two‐dimensional images that are then transformed with app software to three‐dimensional (3D) avatars that can be used for digital anthropometry. The aim of the current study was to compare waist circumference (WC), hip circumference (HC), four other circumferences (right/left upper arm, thigh) and WC/HC evaluated with a novel high‐precision 3D smartphone app to ground‐truth measurements made with a flexible tape by a trained anthropometrist.MethodsForty‐four participants aged 20–78 years and body mass index 18.5–48.5 kg/m2 completed digital and manual circumference evaluations and dual‐energy X‐ray absorptiometry for visceral adipose tissue mass (VAT).Results3D‐digital and ground‐truth tape WC, HC, and WC/HC estimates were highly correlated (R2s, 0.90–0.97, p < 0.001), mean 3D and tape group means at each site did not differ significantly, mean absolute (± SD) and root‐mean square errors were low (e.g., WC, 3.4 ± 2.6 and 4.4 cm), and strong concordance correlations were present (0.90–0.99); bias with Bland–Altman analyses was small but significant (p < 0.001) for WC and WC/HC. Comparable results were observed for the four other circumferences. VAT was equally well‐correlated with 3D and tape WC measurements (R2s 0.70, 0.69, both p < 0.001); comparable tape‐3D VAT‐WC/HC associations were also observed in males (R2s, 0.85, 0.73, both p < 0.001) and females (R2s, 0.43, p < 0.01; 0.73, p < 0.001).ConclusionsDigital anthropometry, with accessible technology such as the evaluated novel 3D app, has reached a sufficiently developed stage to go beyond body mass index for phenotyping patient's metabolic disease risks.
Thermal stability modeling of high molecular weight polymethylmethacrylate TiO2 nanocrystals nanocomposites: Effect of loading and morphology
Authors: Jouamaa Adam , El Fengouchi Ikrame , Striccoli Marinella , Panniello Annamaria , El Hasnaoui Mohamed 
Published: November 2024

AbstractIn this work, we investigated the thermal degradation of high molecular weight polymethylmethacrylate (HMW‐PMMA) nanocomposites reinforced with titanium dioxide (TiO2) nanoparticles (NPs) in two morphologies, namely nanodots (NDs) and nanorods (NRs). Thermogravimetric (TG) measurements were studied by using a weight loss kinetic model based on the isothermal Lyon approximation. The combination of experimental data and theorical calculations allows for the evaluation of significant thermodynamic parameters, including entropy, activation energy, Gibbs free energy, and enthalpy. The obtained results show that the thermal stability of the HMW‐PMMA improves by adding increasing TiO2 NP loading amounts into the polymeric nanocomposites. Interestingly, the thermal stability is also affected by the specific nanoparticle morphology, as adding spherical shaped TiO2 NDs leads to a superior resistance to thermal degradation than elongated TiO2 NRs, due to the larger surface area of TiO2 NDs and their reduced tendency to aggregate within the polymeric host. Finally, our findings demonstrate the relevance of the systematic study and careful selection of nanofiller morphology and concentration in optimizing the thermal properties of PMMA‐based nanocomposites.Highlights
Solid state nanocomposite films of PMMA and colloidal TiO2 NPs were fabricated
Thermal degradation was studied by TGA measurements and theoretical simulations
Thermodynamic parameters were evaluated by experimental data and simulations
Increasing NP loading in PMMA enhanced the thermal stability of nanocomposites
Specific morphology of TiO2 NPs affects thermal stability of nanocomposites
A comparison of established and digital surface model (DSM)‐based methods to determine population estimates and densities for king penguin colonies, using fixed‐wing drone and satellite imagery
Authors: Coleman J. , Fenney N. , Trathan P.N. , Fox A. , Fox E. , Bennison A. , Ireland L. , Collins M.A. , Hollyman P.R. 
Published: November 2024

AbstractDrones are being increasingly used to monitor wildlife populations; their large spatial coverage and minimal disturbance make them ideal for use in remote environments where access and time are limited. The methods used to count resulting imagery need consideration as they can be time‐consuming and costly. In this study, we used a fixed‐wing drone and Beyond Visual Line of Sight flying to create high‐resolution imagery and digital surface models (DSMs) of six large king penguin colonies (colony population sizes ranging from 10,671 to 132,577 pairs) in South Georgia. We used a novel DSM‐based method to facilitate automated and semi‐automated counts of each colony to estimate population size. We assessed these DSM‐derived counts against other popular counting and post‐processing methodologies, including those from satellite imagery, and compared these to the results from four colonies counted manually to evaluate accuracy and effort. We randomly subsampled four colonies to test the most efficient and accurate methods for density‐based counts, including at the colony edge, where population density is lower. Sub‐sampling quadrats (each 25 m2) together with DSM‐based counts offered the best compromise between accuracy and effort. Where high‐resolution drone imagery was available, accuracy was within 3.5% of manual reference counts. DSM methods were more accurate than other established methods including estimation from satellite imagery and are applicable for population studies across other taxa worldwide. Results and methods will be used to inform and develop a long‐term king penguin monitoring programme.
Sol–Gel Synthesis of CeO2 Nanoparticles Using a Gelatine Template for Effective Adsorptive Removal of Arsenate and Fluoride from Water
Authors: Trinh Tuyen Ngoc , Dang Phong Xuan , Duong Lim Thi , Truong Dung Phuong , Nguyen Kien Trung , Nguyen Chi Thi Ha , Pham Chuc Ngoc , Nguyen Bac Quang , Dao Nhiem Ngoc , Van Nguyen Long , Pham Nghia Ngo , Kalus Alina , Walenzik Gabriele , Rudolph Karl‐Ulrich 
Published: November 2024

AbstractIn this study, CeO2 nanoparticles were synthesized by the sol–gel method using gelatine templates. The prepared CeO2 analyzed by analytical techniques displayed the fluorite structure with uniform sizes of 10–25 nm, a BET‐specific surface area of 65.8 m2/g, a pore volume of 0.144 cm3/g, and the existence of oxygen vacancies, suggesting their compatibility for adsorption removal of pollutants. The adsorption of arsenate and fluoride on CeO2 exhibited the maximal adsorption capacity of 224 and 64 mg/g, respectively. The kinetics of the adsorption fitted the pseudo‐second‐order model perfectly. Compared to fluoride, the adsorption of arsenate was found kinetically more but thermodynamically less favored. It can lie on the more stable complexes formed between arsenate and the prepared CeO2, the larger size of arsenate ions, and the mesoporosity of the prepared CeO2. As a result, the pore of the prepared CeO2 is filled quickly with arsenate ions, becoming full after a specific time that prevents the filling of further arsenate ions. Moreover, the CeO2 adsorbent demonstrated its high reusability up to 9 times without losing remarkable adsorption capacity (≤10%). Overall, the prepared CeO2 can be applied for the treatment of drinking water and wastewater in several regions of Vietnam.
Towards a More Holistic and Pluralistic Critical Systems Thinking: The Dimension of ‘Hé’ (和)
Authors: Sun Wenxian Hetty 
Published: November 2024

ABSTRACTThis paper is dedicated to the pioneering work of Mike Jackson, a prominent figure in systems thinking. His enduring commitment to philosophical inquiry and holism has been pivotal in shaping critical systems thinking (CST). This paper emphasises Jackson's insights into addressing the complexities of the VUCA world. It examines the significant influence of Western philosophy on CST, highlighting the need for a balanced approach to pluralism. In challenging Jackson's recent endorsement of ‘discordant pluralism’ and his shift toward a ‘pragmatist turn’, the paper argues that these positions diverge from CST's foundational principles of holism. As an alternative, the paper advocates for exploring the concept of ‘Hé’ (和) from Eastern, particularly Chinese, philosophical traditions, which promotes harmony, diversity and unity within the framework of CST. The paper argues that ‘Hé’ (和) can enrich CST's capacity to cultivate a holistic and pluralistic perspective, ultimately fostering self‐reflexivity as a crucial pathway for navigating the complexities of our contemporary world.
Experimental study on interfacial shear strength of concrete construction joints with high GGBS replacement level
Authors: Chen Lijie , Ji Xinlin , Zhu Zexiu , Wong Rayson Wai Hung , Su Ray Kai Leung 
Published: November 2024

AbstractThe high level partial replacement of ordinary Portland cement (OPC) with ground granulated blast‐furnace slag (GGBS) is being increasingly employed due to the heavy environmental burden of construction work. This study experimentally investigates the interfacial shear strength of concrete construction joints with high GGBS replacement levels. The experimental variables include type of joint (OPC‐OPC, GGBS‐GGBS, and GGBS‐OPC), concrete grade (C45 and C60) and GGBS replacement level (50% and 60%). The compressive strength and shear strength of concrete specimens were obtained for analysis. The morphology and porous zone (PZ) of the bonding interface between new and old concrete were examined by scanning electron microscopy. The experimental interfacial shear strength of concrete construction joints was compared with values calculated by the design equations of existing standards. The results indicate that the interfacial shear strength of GGBS‐OPC concrete construction joints can be 28% lower than their OPC counterparts. The thickness of PZ can be increased by introducing GGBS. The design of the interfacial shear strength of a plain concrete construction joint without normal stress can be determined using the AASHTO equation, provided the surface is roughened by an applied retarder.
Amnesia and Oblivion
Authors: Jacob Ramalho Joana 
Published: November 2024

AbstractExpanding the focus from obsessive re-membering to the inability to re-collect, this chapter takes as its main topic wilful and involuntary forgetting. The tension between the two emphasises the threshold existence of the protagonists and suggests death as the only way to cope with the challenges and pains of memory in a gothic context. In the light of neurologist Oliver Sacks’s research on amnesia and music, and psychologist and cognitive neuroscientist Endel Tulving’s work on human memory, I analyse Juliette, or Key of Dreams (Carné, 1951), which depicts a strange realm—the Land of Oblivion—whose inhabitants have all lost their memory. The close connection between music, memory, and nation which emerges here in the figure of an amnesic accordionist, begins my investigation into musical instruments as memory-objects, which continues in the next chapter. The accordion, which the hand’s touch brings to life, appears in this film as the only medium of remembering and thus of counteracting an otherwise thoroughly exilic existence. Juliette, a quietly disquieting film, offers failure as a solution to postwar, postmodern disenchantment and disenfranchisement, deploying a gothic aesthetic to portray a self-reflexive, somewhat satirical, and utterly despondent outlook on ordinary life in contemporary societies.
The Gothic Piano: Elegy to an Absence
Authors: Jacob Ramalho Joana 
Published: November 2024

AbstractThis chapter focuses on the piano—a tactile space par excellence—and argues that the connections between memory, touch, and estrangement in the Gothic are made evident through pianism. The awakening and retrieval of memories that classical piano music facilitates trigger spatial, temporal, and psychological processes of audiovisual re-collection that decisively contribute to the breakdown of relationships. The following films anchor my investigation into the Gothic’s aural geographies: Orlacs Hände (Wiene, 1924), Undercurrent (Minnelli, 1946), Dragonwyck (Mankiewicz, 1946), While I Live (Harlow, 1947), and Letter from an Unknown Woman (Ophuls, 1948). Through Marcel Proust’s and Reverend H.R. Haweis’s writings, and guided by Ivan Raykoff’s (Dreams of Love: Playing the Romantic Pianist. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2013) research on ‘sound-bodies’, ‘unsound bodies’, and ‘untuned women’, I analyse the effects of pianism’s dark aural aesthetics on the memory of the viewers-listeners and the tortured virtuosos. I advance the concept of ‘haptic listening’ to analyse the characters’ intense experience of piano music in exilic spaces of musical interaction and offer a literary and pseudo-medical contextualisation of the piano’s evil effects.
São Jorge's Volcano-Tectonic Unrest in 2022: A Joint Interpretation Through GNSS and Fully Automated Seismic Analysis
Authors: Suarez E. D. , García-Cañada L. , Meletlidis S. , Domínguez-Cerdeña I. , del Fresno C. , Perdiguer-Lopez R. , Poczatek-Stanczyk M. 
Published: November 2024

AbstractThe Azores Triple Junction offers a unique opportunity to investigate the interplay between volcanism and tectonic activity. After 60 years of quiescence in São Jorge Island, in March 2022, the island experienced a volcano-tectonic unrest, accompanied by widely felt earthquakes and surface deformation. We conducted an extensive study of this anomalous activity throughout 2022, through a purely automated analysis based on a deep-learning approach for seismic activity, combined with the processing and analysis of data from GNSS stations in the archipelago. The joint interpretation of ground deformation and seismicity suggests a failed magmatic eruption, which we have summarized in a four-stage conceptual model. The unrest began on 16 March 2022 with a period of vertical uplift that lasted for 2 days. On 19 March, the deformation reversed with a burst of seismicity that marked a rapid dike intrusion in the crust which abruptly stopped a few kilometers under the surface. Over the following weeks, the relocated seismicity suggests an intense overpressure near the Moho discontinuity and reveals, in great detail, a lateral magmatic expansion in a sill-like pattern. Finally, from the second week of April until the end of the year a decrease in seismic activity and a lack of deformation registered, indicates a decline and stabilization of the volcano-tectonic process.
On domain generators for the evaluation of action reversibility in STRIPS
Authors: Schwartz Tobias , Boockmann Jan H. , Martin Leon 
Published: November 2024

AbstractRobustness is a crucial requirement for the deployment of AI systems in real-world scenarios. In the context of AI planning, the concept of action reversibility, i.e., the ability to undo the effects of an action using a reverse plan, is a promising direction for achieving robust plans. Plans composed exclusively of reversible actions exhibit resilience against goal changes during the execution of the plan. However, the evaluation of action reversibility systems in STRIPS planning presents a challenge, given that standard planning benchmarks are often not suitable. Early experiments using a naive implementation of an action reversibility algorithm show that the available domain generation approach is susceptible to bias. Building on this existing domain generator, we introduce two slight variations that exhibit entirely different search space characteristics. We assess these domain generators using the naive action reversibility implementation and existing ASP implementations, and demonstrate that different generators indeed favor different implementations. As a follow-up to this line of research, we present a generalized domain generator facilitating the creation of domains with diverse search space characteristics. To finally reduce the utilization of contrived generation patterns, we propose another domain generator based on the Barabási-Albert model yielding less rigid domains. Our experiments demonstrate that these new domain generators can produce a variety of domains with diverse search space characteristics, enabling a less biased evaluation of action reversibility systems.
Optimal configurations for modular systems at the example of crane bridges
Authors: Beck Maren , Bolender Steffen , Stein Oliver 
Published: November 2024

AbstractThe aim of this paper is to optimize modular systems which cover the construction of products that can be assembled on a modular basis. Increasing the number of different variants of individual components on the one hand decreases the cost of oversizing the assembled product, while on the other hand the cost for maintaining the modular system increases. For the minimization of the overall cost a mixed-integer model is derived. However, this model cannot simply be passed to a solver for mixed-integer optimization, since certain dependency structures of the variables occur. We propose a solution approach for this complicating structure using binary variables to transform the problem into a mixed-integer optimization problem, which can be solved deterministically. In a numerical study, this formulation is investigated using the example of a modular system for crane bridges.
Valorization of Manihot esculenta peel from environmental pollutant to sustainable engineering solutions for a cleaner future
Authors: Ben Festus 
Published: November 2024

AbstractAs efforts intensify to address the environmental impact of agricultural waste, the valorization of Manihot esculenta peel (MEP) for sustainable engineering applications presents a unique opportunity to repurpose this class of agricultural waste to achieve environmental sustainability development goals while promoting socio-economic development of this pollutant. The inherent properties of MEP, such as its richness in carbohydrates and cellulose, make it a useful raw material for producing biofuels, bioethanols, biocomposites, and other sustainable engineering materials. Its resilience to adverse environmental conditions also makes MEP well-suited for cultivation in diverse agroecological settings, further enhancing its appeal as a sustainable resource. While existing review articles provide valuable insights into Manihot esculenta peel utilization across various industries, they often overlook the comprehensive valorization of Manihot esculenta for sustainable engineering applications, creating a notable knowledge gap. Through a systematic examination of innovative approaches documented in the literature, this research seeks to bridge this gap by elucidating strategies for repurposing cassava waste into valuable engineering materials to mitigate environmental pollution and promote sustainable resource utilization. By synthesizing existing research and identifying key research gaps, this study advances the understanding of Manihot esculenta peel’s potential as a sustainable material and facilitates the transition toward greener engineering practices.
Prevalence of urinary incontinence in female gymnasts: a systematic review
Authors: Kneißler Emelie , Zentgraf Karen 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
Background
It is commonly assumed that it is mainly older, pregnant, and postnatal women who suffer from urinary incontinence. However, young and healthy women who are active in sports are also affected, and research suggests that women practicing high-impact sports are more prone to incontinence than their nonathletic peers. This review evaluates the prevalence of urinary incontinence in female gymnasts as high-impact athletes, and identifies the factors most likely to contribute to it.

Methods
A systematic review of the literature was based on a search for published English-language studies up to January 2024 in three electronic databases: PubMed, Web of Science, and Cochrane Library. The search strategy included the keywords stress urinary incontinence, female urinary leakage, trampoline, artistic gymnastics, cheerleading, and female athletes. Subjects were female gymnasts and the outcome was the prevalence of urinary incontinence.

Results
The search identified 49 studies, 6 of which met the methodological criteria for a complete analysis. This review integrated 928 women aged 13–44 years. Depending on the type of study, risk of bias was assessed using either risk of bias in nonrandomized cohort studies by Cochrane or AXIS.

Conclusion
Data suggest a high prevalence of urinary incontinence for exercising in gymnastics, due mainly to sport-specific movements. However, preventive measures are rarely taken. Urine leakage massively influences the quality of life as well as performance in training and competition. The present review aims to cast light on this issue because it may have a major impact on well-being and female participation in sports.