bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
aPCC vs. rFVIIa for the treatment of bleeding in patients with acquired haemophilia – a cost‐effectiveness model
Authors: Kim Chong H. , Simmons Sierra C. , Bui Chau M. , Jiang Ning , Pham Huy P. 
Published: November 2018

BackgroundAcquired haemophilia A (AHA) is an autoimmune bleeding disorder with significant morbidity and mortality. Bleeding AHA patients with high titre inhibitors can be treated with either activated prothrombin complex concentrate (aPCC) or recombinant activated factor VII (rFVIIa). Given that both replacement therapies have inherent benefits and limitations, a cost‐effectiveness analysis (CEA) was performed in this population to compare rFVIIa with aPCC.MethodsIn high‐titered AHA patients with bleeding treated with either aPCC or rFVIIa, during a 5‐day study period, a Markov model was developed such that these patients were transitioned into four different health states: (1) continuous bleeding, (2) thrombosis, (3) stop bleeding and (4) death, with states (2), (3) and (4) modelled as absorbing states. Model parameters, including probabilities, health utility index and costs, were gathered from the medical literature, except for the costs of aPCC and rFVIIa, which were obtained from our institutional data.ResultsDuring the 5‐day period, the total treatment cost of rFVIIa was substantially more than the cost of aPCC ($13 635 vs. $1741). The average quality‐adjusted life days (QALDs) gained for rFVIIa were slightly lower compared to aPCC (4·08 vs. 4·09). Overall, aPCC prevailed over rFVIIa. Sensitivity analysis confirmed the robustness of the model across tested ranges of all input variables.ConclusionIn high‐titered AHA patients with bleeding, aPCC is a cost‐effective treatment option when compared to rFVIIa. Thus, aPCC may be considered in these patients, if available, and provided there is no clinical contraindication.
The impact of refrigerated storage of UVC pathogen inactivated platelet concentrates on in vitro platelet quality parameters
Authors: Johnson Lacey , Cameron Mathew , Waters Lauren , Padula Matthew P. , Marks Denese C. 
Published: November 2018

Background and ObjectivesRefrigeration (cold‐storage) of pathogen inactivated (PI) platelet components may increase the shelf‐life and safety profile of platelet components, compared to conventional room‐temperature (RT) storage. Whilst there is substantial knowledge regarding the impact of these individual treatments on platelets, the combined effect has not been assessed.Materials and methodsUsing a pool‐and‐split study design, paired buffy‐coat derived platelets in 70% platelet additive solution (SSP+; MacoPharma) were left untreated or PI‐treated using the THERAFLEX UV‐Platelets System (UVC; MacoPharma). Units from each pair were split and stored at room temperature (20–24°C) or cold‐stored (2–6°C) to yield RT, cold, RT‐UVC and cold‐UVC study groups (n = 8 in each group). In vitro quality and function was tested over 9 days.ResultsCold‐storage of UVC‐treated platelets reduced glycolytic metabolism (glucose consumption and lactate production) compared to RT‐UVC units. Cold‐UVC platelets demonstrated complete abrogation of HSR by day 5, increased externalisation of phosphatidylserine (annexin‐V binding) and activation of the GPIIb/IIIa receptor (PAC‐1 binding) above the levels observed with the individual treatments. Aggregation responses (ADP and collagen) were enhanced in the cold‐UVC platelets compared to both RT groups, but this was primarily mediated by cold‐storage. Haemostatic function, as measured using TEG, was similar between the groups.ConclusionCold‐storage of UVC‐treated platelets reduced PI‐induced acceleration of glycolytic metabolism. However, combining cold‐storage and UVC‐treatment resulted in additional phenotypic changes compared to each treatment individually. Further work is required to understand the impact of these changes in clinical efficacy.
Uncertainty assessment of streamflow projection under the impact of climate change in the Lower Mekong Basin: a case study of the Srepok River Basin, Vietnam
Authors: Hoan Nguyen Xuan , Khoi Dao Nguyen , Nhi Pham Thi Thao 
Published: November 2018

AbstractUncertainty assessment of future projection of streamflow is of the essence for an effective formulation of water resources management and planning adaptive to climate change. The aim of this study is to investigate the uncertainty in streamflow projection under the climate change impact in the Srepok River Basin. Uncertainty associated with emission scenarios (RCP2.6, RCP4.5 and RCP8.5), General Circulation Models (GCMs) (CanESM2, CNMR‐CM5 and HadGEM2‐AO), statistical downscaling methods (delta change method, quantile mapping and SDSM), and hydrological models (ANN, HEC‐HMS and SWAT) is examined. The results showed the largest uncertainty source of the streamflow projection is the GCM simulations, followed by the statistical downscaling methods, hydrological models and emission scenarios. In addition, the use of hydrological models has a considerable impact on uncertainty in the simulations of dry seasonal streamflow. Generally, the present study highlighted the importance of using multi‐GCMs in the studies on hydrological impact of climate change.
Serological surveillance and factors associated with influenza A virus in backyard pigs in Southern Brazil
Authors: Souza Carine K. , Oldiges Daiane P. , Poeta Ana Paula S. , Vaz Itabajara da S. , Schaefer Rejane , Gava Danielle , Ciacci‐Zanella Janice R. , Canal Cláudio W. , Corbellini Luís G. 
Published: November 2018

AbstractBackyard pig populations are not monitored for influenza A virus (IAV) in Brazil and there are limited data about seroprevalence and risk factors in these populations. Our goal was to assess possible factors associated with IAV seroprevalence in backyard pig populations using an indirect ELISA protocol based on a recombinant nucleoprotein. Following the IAV screening using NP‐ELISA, subtype‐specific serology based on hemagglutination inhibition (HI) assay of the ELISA‐positive pigs was conducted. The survey comprised a total of 1,667 sera samples collected in 2012 and 2014 in 479 holdings and the estimated seroprevalence was 5.3% (3.84%–7.33%) and 2.3% (1.34%–3.71%) in the respective years. In both years, H1N1pdm09 was the most prevalent subtype. The multivariable analysis showed main factors such as “age,” “sex,” “number of suckling pigs” and “neighbours raising pigs” that presented the greatest effect on IAV seroprevalence in these pig populations. These factors may be associated with the low biosecurity measures and management of backyard holdings. In addition, the low IAV seroprevalences found in these backyard pig populations could be related to a low number of animals in each pig holding and low animal movement/replacement that do not favour IAV transmission dynamics. This low frequency of H1N1pdm09 seropositive pigs could also be due to sporadic human‐to‐pig transmission of what is now a human seasonal influenza A virus; however, these factors should be explored in future studies. Herein, these results highlight the importance of IAV continued surveillance in backyard pig holdings, since it is poorly known which IAVs are circulating in these populations and the risk they could pose to public health and virus transmission to commercial farms.
NRF2 through RPS6 Activation Is Related to Anti-HER2 Drug Resistance in HER2-Amplified Gastric Cancer
Authors: Gambardella Valentina , Gimeno-Valiente Francisco , Tarazona Noelia , Ciarpaglini Carolina Martinez , Roda Desamparados , Fleitas Tania , Tolosa Pablo , Cejalvo Juan Miguel , Huerta Marisol , Roselló Susana , Castillo Josefa , Cervantes Andrés 
Published: November 2018

Abstract

Purpose:
Despite the clinical advantage of the combination of trastuzumab and platinum-based chemotherapy in HER2-amplified tumors, resistance will eventually develop. The identification of molecular mechanisms related to primary and acquired resistance is needed.

Experimental Design:
We generated lapatinib- and trastuzumab-resistant clones deriving from two different HER2-amplified gastric cancer cell lines. Molecular changes such as protein expression and gene-expression profile were evaluated to detect alterations that could be related to resistance. Functional studies in vitro were corroborated in vivo. The translational relevance of our findings was verified in a patient cohort.

Results:
We found RPS6 activation and NRF2 to be related to anti-HER2 drug resistance. RPS6 or NRF2 inhibition with siRNA reduced viability and resistance to anti-HER2 drugs. In knockdown cells for RPS6, a decrease of NRF2 expression was demonstrated, suggesting a potential link between these two proteins. The use of a PI3K/TORC1/TORC2 inhibitor, tested in vitro and in vivo, inhibited pRPS6 and NRF2 expression and caused cell and tumor growth reduction, in anti–HER2-resistant models. In a cohort of HER2-amplified patients treated with trastuzumab and chemotherapy, a high level of NRF2 at baseline corresponds with worse progression-free survival.

Conclusions:
NRF2 through the PI3K/AKT/mTOR/RPS6 pathway could be a potential effector of resistance to anti-HER2 drugs in our models. RPS6 inhibition decreases NRF2 expression and restores sensitivity in HER2-amplified gastric cancer in vitro and in vivo. High NRF2 expression in gastric cancer patients predicts resistance to treatment. RPS6 and NRF2 inhibition could prevent resistance to anti-HER2 drugs.
ВЗАЄМОЗВ'ЯЗОК ДИСФУНКЦІЇ СКРОНЕВО-НИЖНЬОЩЕЛЕПНОГО СУГЛОБУ З ПОРУШЕННЯМ ПОСТАВИ У ЛЮДЕЙ МОЛОДОГО ВІКУ
Authors: Tabaka K. I. , Bakalyuk T. G. , Sirant H. O. 
Published: November 2018

На сьогодні захворювання скронево-нижньощелепного суглоба є поширеною патологією щелепно-лицьової ділянки. Проведено аналіз взаємозв’язку дисфункції скронево-нижньощелепного суглоба з порушенням постави у пацієнтів молодого віку.
Nonlinear Wave Ensemble Averaging in the Gulf of Mexico Using Neural Networks
Authors: Campos Ricardo Martins , Krasnopolsky Vladimir , Alves Jose-Henrique G. M. , Penny Stephen G. 
Published: November 2018

AbstractArtificial neural networks (ANNs) applied to nonlinear wave ensemble averaging are developed and studied for Gulf of Mexico simulations. It is an approach that expands the conservative arithmetic ensemble mean (EM) from the NCEP Global Wave Ensemble Forecast System (GWES) to a nonlinear mapping that better captures the differences among the ensemble members and reduces the systematic and scatter errors of the forecasts. The ANNs have the 20 members of the GWES as input, and outputs are trained using observations from six buoys. The variables selected for the study are the 10-m wind speed (U10), significant wave height (Hs), and peak period (Tp) for the year of 2016. ANNs were built with one hidden layer using a hyperbolic tangent basis function. Several architectures with 12 different combinations of neurons, eight different filtering windows (time domain), and 100 seeds for the random initialization were studied and constructed for specific forecast days from 0 to 10. The results show that a small number of neurons are sufficient to reduce the bias, while 35–50 neurons produce the greatest reduction in both the scatter and systematic errors. The main advantage of the methodology using ANNs is not on short-range forecasts but at longer forecast ranges beyond 4 days. The nonlinear ensemble averaging using ANNs was able to improve the correlation coefficient on forecast day 10 from 0.39 to 0.61 for U10, from 0.50 to 0.76 for Hs, and from 0.38 to 0.63 for Tp, representing a gain of five forecast days when compared to the EM currently implemented.
Test Marketing of New Consumer Products
Authors: Ladik Frank , Kent Leonard , Nahl Perham C. 
Published: November 2018

Why should new consumer products be tried out in test markets? This article points out things to do, and things to avoid. The design, control, and evaluation of test-marketing programs are outlined in terms of proper selection of markets, adequacy of the design for measuring results, and optimum length of tests. Number of markets, measurements needed at each stage of testing, and cost and timing considerations are discussed.
Mathematical Models of Market Simulation
Authors: Schenk Oliver B. 
Published: November 2018

Marketing-research people are becoming increasingly interested in the various mathematical simulation techniques and models being developed, both in universities and in business firms. Many of these techniques are being used to solve marketing research problems that previously have been unsolvable, or “solved” by the “seat-of-the-pants” method. Here are some specific examples of the use of business-strategy exercises.
Behavioral Science Offers Fresh Insights on New Product Acceptance
Authors: Shaw Steven J. 
Published: November 2018

In spite of enormous sums of money spent for research and development, an estimated 90% of all new products fail within four years of their introduction. The explanation, says the author, is not that consumer behavior is fickle and unpredictable, but rather that marketing managers do not fully understand the processes by which consumers accept or reject an innovation. In this article he indicates what the contributions of the behavioral sciences might be.
A Shift in the Point-of-Purchase?
Authors: Naimark George M. 
Published: November 2018

The prospective customer who feels the necessity of making his own personal evaluation of merchandise usually makes the retail establishment his point-of purchase. However, as the customer increases his willingness to rely on others for shopping information and guidance, his point-of-purchase can shift away from the store and into the home or office. The author shows why this is happening and he gives some interesting implications. Other factors contributing to such a shift, and the implications of the growth of this away-from-the-store shopping are also discussed.
“Is Marketing a Science?” Revisited
Authors: Taylor Weldon J. 
Published: November 2018

The term “marketing concept” probably stimulates more interest today than “marketing principles.” Does this less definitive approach impair the hopes of those who aspire to have marketing accepted as a science? Or is it conceivable that the term “science” itself should be viewed in a new perspective? This article favors the latter thesis. And this view should encourage marketing men to employ more scientific resources in quest of more effective marketing management.
What is Meant by Services?
Authors: Rathmell John M. 
Published: November 2018

The marketing discipline has been concerned primarily with GOODS. Yet SERVICES are claiming an increasing share of the consumer's dollar. This author argues that marketing people should direct more of their attention to the services sector. What are the marketing characteristics of services? Are goods solely goods—services solely services? Is not the marketing of services by government agencies an appropriate province for marketing analysis? These are some of the questions considered here.
Marketing Literature Review
Authors: Leonard Myron 
Published: November 2018

This section is based on a selection of article abstracts from a comprehensive business literature database. Marketing-related abstracts from over 125 journals (both academic and trade) are reviewed by JM staff. Descriptors for each entry are assigned by JM staff. Each issue of this section represents three months of entries into the database. M wishes to thank UMI for use of the ABI/INFORM business database. Each entry has an identifying number. Cross-references appear immediately under each subject heading. The following article abstracts are available on-line from the ABI/INFORM database, which is published and copyrighted by UMI. For additional information about access to the database or about obtaining photocopies of the articles abstracted here, please call (800) 626-2823 or write to UMI, 300 N. Zeeb Rd. Ann Arbor, Ml 48106. Each article costs $10.75. Customers with deposit accounts of $200 or more pay $8.75 per article.
“Man Cannot Exist Alone”: The Challenge of Health Care to Honor the Role of Women in Society
Authors: Scrafford Jonathan 
Published: November 2018

Women’s roles in society are changing. While most of those changes recognize and enhance the contributions of feminine ingenuity to human development, some threaten to isolate women physically, socially, and emotionally. Developments in reproductive health care, and the writings of Pope Saint John Paul II, offer lenses by which to evaluate the shifting landscape of women’s role in society. On the one hand, practices such as contraception, abortion, surrogacy, and assisted reproductive technologies over time will weaken the physical, social, and emotional bonds that procreation has held between man and woman, parents and children, and families and society. On the other hand, the expansion of different modes of natural family planning and pregnancy support centers offers to preserve those bonds. Summary: Women’s role in families, and therefore society, is invaluable. Several approaches to reproductive health offered by medicine may isolate women over time, and some evidences suggest we are already seeing that effect. Other approaches to women’s health may be able to preserve the physical, emotional, and social bonds that integrate women to the family, and therefore society.
Graduation and Academic Placement of Underrepresented Racial/Ethnic Minority Doctoral Recipients in Public Health Disciplines, United States, 2003-2015
Authors: Jackson Joanna R. , Holmes Ann M. , Golembiewski Elizabeth , Brown-Podgorski Brittany L. , Menachemi Nir 
Published: November 2018

Objectives: Given public health’s emphasis on health disparities in underrepresented racial/ethnic minority communities, having a racially and ethnically diverse faculty is important to ensure adequate public health training. We examined trends in the number of underrepresented racial/ethnic minority (ie, non-Hispanic black, Hispanic, American Indian/Alaska Native, Native Hawaiian, and Pacific Islander) doctoral graduates from public health fields and determined the proportion of persons from underrepresented racial/ethnic minority groups who entered academia. Methods: We analyzed repeated cross-sectional data from restricted files collected by the National Science Foundation on doctoral graduates from US institutions during 2003-2015. Our dependent variables were the number of all underrepresented racial/ethnic minority public health doctoral recipients and underrepresented racial/ethnic minority graduates who had accepted academic positions. Using logistic regression models and adjusted odds ratios (aORs), we examined correlates of these variables over time, controlling for all independent variables (eg, gender, age, relationship status, number of dependents). Results: The percentage of underrepresented racial/ethnic minority doctoral graduates increased from 15.4% (91 of 592) in 2003 to 23.4% (296 of 1264) in 2015, with the largest increase occurring among black graduates (from 6.6% in 2003 to 14.1% in 2015). Black graduates (310 of 1241, 25.0%) were significantly less likely than white graduates (2258 of 5913, 38.2%) and, frequently, less likely than graduates from other underrepresented racial/ethnic minority groups to indicate having accepted an academic position (all P < .001). Conclusions: Stakeholders should consider targeted programs to increase the number of racial/ethnic minority faculty members in academic public health fields.
Effects of adolescent caffeine consumption on cocaine self-administration and reinstatement of cocaine seeking
Authors: Larson Tracey A , O’Neill Casey E , Palumbo Michaela P , Bachtell Ryan K 
Published: November 2018

Background: Caffeine consumption by children and adolescents has risen dramatically in recent years, yet the lasting effects of caffeine consumption during adolescence remain poorly understood. Aim: These experiments explore the effects of adolescent caffeine consumption on cocaine self-administration and seeking using a rodent model. Methods: Sprague-Dawley rats consumed caffeine for 28 days during the adolescent period. Following the caffeine consumption period, the caffeine solution was replaced with water for the remainder of the experiment. Age-matched control rats received water for the duration of the study. Behavioral testing in a cocaine self-administration procedure occurred during adulthood (postnatal days 62–82) to evaluate how adolescent caffeine exposure influenced the reinforcing properties of cocaine. Cocaine seeking was also tested during extinction training and reinstatement tests following cocaine self-administration. Results: Adolescent caffeine consumption increased the acquisition of cocaine self-administration and increased performance on different schedules of reinforcement. Consumption of caffeine in adult rats did not produce similar enhancements in cocaine self-administration. Adolescent caffeine consumption also produced an upward shift in the U-shaped dose response curve on cocaine self-administration maintained on a within-session dose-response procedure. Adolescent caffeine consumption had no effect on cocaine seeking during extinction training or reinstatement of cocaine seeking by cues or cocaine. Conclusions: These findings suggest that caffeine consumption during adolescence may enhance the reinforcing properties of cocaine, leading to enhanced acquisition that may contribute to increased addiction vulnerability.
Lung cancer detected on coronary artery calcium scoring computed tomography: factors delaying diagnosis and predictors of survival
Authors: Kim Jin Young , Suh Young Joo , Nam Kyungsun , Choi Byoung Wook 
Published: November 2018

Background Lung cancers are occasionally detected on coronary artery calcium (CAC)-scoring computed tomography (CT). However, the cause of delayed diagnosis and prognostic factors have not been studied. Purpose To investigate the causes of delayed diagnosis of lung cancer in patients who undergo CAC-scoring CT and to identify predictors of mortality. Material and Methods A total of 151 patients who were diagnosed with lung cancer and had undergone CAC-scoring CT from January 2010 to December 2014 were retrospectively enrolled. The reasons for delayed diagnosis were reviewed. Follow-up data on all-cause mortality were obtained. Cox proportional hazards regression analysis was used to identify predictors of mortality. Analyses of solid and subsolid subgroups were performed. Results Among the 151 patients, 86 lesions (56.9%) were solid and 63 (41.7%) were subsolid. The main causes of delayed diagnosis were detection (48%) and interpretation (22%) errors. Age, size, unresectable stage at the time of diagnosis, and stage shift were independent prognostic factors throughout the entire and in the solid subgroup (all P < 0.2). There were no significant prognostic factors in the subsolid subgroup. Conclusion In conclusion, avoidance of detection and interpretation errors may prevent delayed diagnosis of lung cancer on CAC-scoring CT. Older age, larger tumor size, unresectable stage at the time of diagnosis, and stage shift were associated with poor survival in patients with solid lung cancers but not in those with subsolid lung cancers.