bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Osteoradionecrosis and cholesteatoma of external auditory canal in postradiotherapy nasopharyngeal carcinoma patien
Authors: Zahara Devira , Multazar Agus 
Published: September 2018

Background: Osteoradionecrosis and cholesteatoma of the external auditory canal following external-beam radiotherapy as the treatment of nasopharyngeal carcinoma is a rarely found complication. Patients with external auditory canal cholesteatoma (EACC) typically present with chronic otorrhea and dull pain due to the local invasion of squamous tissue into the bony external audioty canal (EAC). Purpose: To remind ENT specialists and general practitioners about the risk osteoradionecrosis and cholesteatoma of external auditory canal in nasopharyngeal carcinoma patient after radioteraphy treatment. Case: We report a case of osteoradionecrosis andcholesteatoma of EAC in nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) patient with complaint of a foul-smelling discharge from her right and left ears. Two years previously she had undergone external-beam radiotherapy to the neck as the treatment for nasopharyngeal carcinoma. Management: The cholesteatoma was removed microscopicaly on local anasthesia. After the cholesteatoma had been removed the right ear result of pure tone audiometry showed mild degree conductive hearing loss (27,7 dB), while the left ear within normal hearing threshold. Conclusion: Osteoradionecrosis and cholesteatoma of external auditory canal could develop as a complication ofradioteraphy in nasopharyngeal carcinoma patient. Keywords: osteoradionecrosis, cholesteatoma, radiotherapy, chronic otorrhea.ABSTRAKLatar belakang: Komplikasi osteoradionekrosis dan kolesteatoma pada liang telinga luar akibat radioterapi pada pengobatan karsinoma nasofaring sangat jarang terjadi. Pasien dengan kolesteatoma liang telinga luar biasanya datang dengan keluhan otore kronis dan nyeri akibat invasi dari jaringan skuamus ke tulang liang telinga luar. Tujuan: Memberi wawasan bagi dokter umum dan spesialis THT-KL tentang adanya risiko osteoradionekrosis dan kolesteatoma pada liang telinga luar akibat radioterapi pada penderita karsinoma nasofaring. Kasus: Dilaporkan satu kasus osteoradionekrosis dan kolesteatoma di liang telinga luar pada penderita karsinoma nasofaring dengan keluhan sekret telinga berbau busuk pada liang telinga kanan dan kiri.Dua tahun sebelumnya pasien tersebut mendapat radioterapi untuk pengobatan karsinoma nasofaring. Penatalaksanaan: Kolesteatoma diangkat secara mikroskopis dengan anestesi lokal. Pemeriksaan audiometri nada murni pascatindakan didapati tuli konduktif derajat ringan (27,7dB) pada telinga kanan sedangkan telinga kiri dalam batas normal. Kesimpulan: Radionekrosis dan kolestatoma liang telinga luar merupakan komplikasi terapi radiasi pada kasus karsinoma nasofaring.Kata kunci: osteoradionekrosis, kolesteatom, radioterapi, otore kronis.
Woakes syndrome
Authors: Wardani Retno Sulistyo , Mayangsari Ika Dewi 
Published: September 2018

Background: Extensive nasal polyp growth in the paranasal sinuses can lead to bone erosion of the sinus walls and cause facial disfigurement due to continuous pressure or chronic inflammation. This extremely rare phenomenon is called Woakes syndrome. This syndrome consist of several symptoms include the destruction of ethmoid sinus that cause broadening of the bridge of the nose, frontal sinus aplasia and bronchiectasis. Purpose: To give complete information about the diagnosis and management of Woakes Syndrome. Case: A 16-year-old boy with deformity of the left nose, nasal obstruction and frequent episodes of rhinorrhea since 4 months before admission. Nasoendoscopic evaluation showedhuge nasal polyps filling the left nasal cavity, pushing the septum and narrowing the right nasal cavity. Histopathology result was edematous polyp with necrosis and massive bleeding without signs of malignancy. Management: Patient was managed in two stages operations. First, nasal polyp removal by FESS technique in general anesthesia, and the second stage four months later, was septorhinoplasty for aesthetic bridge reconstruction. Conclusion: Nasal polyps could be related to Woakes syndrome, characterized by broadening of nasal bridge which needs functional and aesthetic surgery. Keyword: Woakes Syndrome, nasal polyps, Functional Endoscopic Sinus Surgery, Septorhinoplasty ABSTRAKLatar Belakang: Polip hidung besar yang meluas dalam sinus paranasal dapat menyebabkan erosi dinding sinus dan menyebabkan cacat wajah akibat tekanan terus-menerus atau peradangan kronis. Fenomena ini sangat langka dan disebut sebagai sindrom Woakes. Sindrom ini terdiri dari beberapa gejala termasuk kerusakan dinding sinus etmoid yang menyebabkan hidung melebar, aplasia sinus frontal dan bronkiektasis. Tujuan: Untuk memberikan informasi yang lengkap tentang diagnosis dan penatalaksanaan Woakes Syndrome. Kasus: Seorang anak laki-laki 16 tahun dengan deformitas hidung kiri, hidung tersumbat dan pilek berulang sejak 4 bulan. Evaluasi nasoendokopi menunjukkanpolip hidung masif mengisi rongga hidung kiri, mendorong septum dan menyempitkan rongga hidung kanan. Pemeriksan histo-patologi memperlihatkan polip edematosa dengan nekrosis dan perdarahan masif tanpa tanda-tanda keganasan. Penatalaksanaan: Pada pasien dilakukan dua tahap tindakan. Pertama, dilakukan Bedah Sinus Endoskopik Fungsional (BSEF) dan polipektomi dalam anestesi umum, dan empat bulan kemudian pasien menjalani septorinoplasti untuk rekonstruksi wajah. Kesimpulan: Polip hidung pada kasus ini kemungkinan terkait dengan sindrom Woakes, ditandai dengan pelebaranpyramid hidung yang membutuhkan tindakan operasi fungsional dan estetika.Kata kunci: sindroma Woakes, polip hidung, Bedah Sinus Endoskopik Fungsional, Septorinoplasti.
Valsartan and candesartan can inhibit deteriorating effects of angiotensin II on coronary endothelial function
Authors: Seeger Harald , Lippert Caroline , Wallwiener Diethelm , Mueck Alfred O 
Published: September 2018

The angiotensin II (Ang II) AT1-receptor antagonists, valsartan and candesartan, were compared with regard to their effect on Ang II-mediated changes in parameters of coronary endothelial function. Ang II (10 µM) induced increased concentrations of the vasoconstrictor endothelin, the procoagulatory substance plasminogen-activator-inhibitor-1 (PAI-1) and the precursor of the matrix-metalloproteinase 1 (MMP-1) in endothelial cell cultures from human coronary arteries. These increases were completely prevented by the addition of 10 µM valsartan or candesartan and partially by the addition of lower concentrations of these drugs, i.e. 1 µM and 0.1 µM. No significant difference between the effect of the two AT1-receptor antagonists was observed. These results suggest that AT1-receptor antagonists not only can reduce blood pressure by blocking the action of Ang II, but might also contribute to the prevention of atherogenesis and plaque instability.
On the Missing Energy Puzzle of Tidal Disruption Events
Authors: Lu Wenbin , Kumar Pawan 
Published: September 2018

Abstract
For the majority of tidal disruption event (TDE) candidates, the observed energy in the optical/near-UV bands is of order 1051 erg. We show that this observed energy is smaller than the minimum bolometric energy for the radiative inefficient accretion flow model by a factor of 10–100. We argue that this discrepancy is because the majority of the energy released is in the extreme-UV (EUV) band and/or in the form of relativistic jets beamed away from the Earth. The EUV scenario is supported by existing mid-infrared data and should be further tested by future dust reverberation observations. The jet scenario is disfavored by radio observations of ASASSN-14li but may still be viable for other TDE candidates. We also provide evidence that, at least for some TDEs, most of the missing energy (in the EUV and/or in the form of jets) is released within a few times the orbital period of the most tightly bound material P
min, which means (1) the circularization of the fallback stream may occur rapidly and (2) the luminosity of the accretion flow or the jet power may not be capped near the Eddington level when the fallback rate is super-Eddington. For most other TDEs, this energy-release timescale is currently not strongly constrained.
Blazar Flares as an Origin of High-energy Cosmic Neutrinos?
Authors: Murase Kohta , Oikonomou Foteini , Petropoulou Maria 
Published: September 2018

Abstract
We consider implications of high-energy neutrino emission from blazar flares, including the recent event IceCube-170922A and the 2014–2015 neutrino flare that could originate from TXS 0506+056. First, we discuss their contribution to the diffuse neutrino intensity taking into account various observational constraints. Blazars are likely to be subdominant in the diffuse neutrino intensity at sub-PeV energies, and we show that blazar flares like those of TXS 0506+056 could make ≲1%–10% of the total neutrino intensity. We also argue that the neutrino output of blazars can be dominated by the flares in the standard leptonic scenario for their γ-ray emission, and energetic flares may still be detected with a rate of

. Second, we consider multi-messenger constraints on the source modeling. We show that luminous neutrino flares should be accompanied by luminous broadband cascade emission, emerging also in X-rays and γ-rays. This implies that not only γ-ray telescopes like Fermi but also X-ray sky monitors such as Swift and MAXI are critical to test the canonical picture based on the single-zone modeling. We also suggest a two-zone model that can naturally satisfy the X-ray constraints while explaining the flaring neutrinos via either photomeson or hadronuclear processes.
New Neutron-capture Site in Massive Pop III and Pop II Stars as a Source for Heavy Elements in the Early Galaxy
Authors: Banerjee Projjwal , Qian Yong-Zhong , Heger Alexander 
Published: September 2018

Abstract
We propose a new neutron-capture site in early metal-poor and metal-free stars of ∼20–30 M
⊙ that results from proton ingestion in the He shell during late stages of the stars’ lives. Most of the neutron capture occurs in the first ≲106 s following proton ingestion when 13C(α, n)16O produces neutron densities typical of the intermediate neutron-capture process. This phase may be followed by another lasting ≳107 s with 17O(α, n)20Ne producing much lower neutron densities typical of the slow neutron-capture process. We explore the dependence of the proposed neutron-capture nucleosynthesis on the amount and time of proton ingestion, the initial metallicity, and the ensuing supernova shock. We obtain a range of heavy-element abundance patterns, including those attributed to the slow neutron-capture process or a combination of the slow and rapid neutron-capture processes. Our results can account for the observed ubiquity of heavy elements such as Sr and Ba in the early Galaxy and explain puzzling abundance patterns of these elements in at least some very metal-poor (VMP) stars, including those of the carbon-enhanced varieties. In the latter case, the explanation by the single site proposed here differs from the existing paradigm that attributes various classes of VMP stars to enrichment by multiple different sites.
Human Factor H Domains 6 and 7 Fused to IgG1 Fc Are Immunotherapeutic against Neisseria gonorrhoeae
Authors: Shaughnessy Jutamas , Lewis Lisa A. , Zheng Bo , Carr Caleb , Bass Isaac , Gulati Sunita , DeOliveira Rosane B. , Gose Severin , Reed George W. , Botto Marina , Rice Peter A. , Ram Sanjay 
Published: September 2018

Abstract
Novel therapeutics against multidrug-resistant Neisseria gonorrhoeae are urgently needed. Gonococcal lipooligosaccharide often expresses lacto-N-neotetraose (LNnT), which becomes sialylated in vivo, enhancing factor H (FH) binding and contributing to the organism’s ability to resist killing by complement. We previously showed that FH domains 18–20 (with a D-to-G mutation at position 1119 in domain 19) fused to Fc (FHD1119G/Fc) displayed complement-dependent bactericidal activity in vitro and attenuated gonococcal vaginal colonization of mice. Gonococcal lipooligosaccharide phase variation can result in loss of LNnT expression. Loss of sialylated LNnT, although associated with a considerable fitness cost, could decrease efficacy of FHD1119G/Fc. Similar to N. meningitidis, gonococci also bind FH domains 6 and 7 through Neisserial surface protein A (NspA). In this study, we show that a fusion protein comprising FH domains 6 and 7 fused to human IgG1 Fc (FH6,7/Fc) bound to 15 wild-type antimicrobial resistant isolates of N. gonorrhoeae and to each of six lgtA gonococcal deletion mutants. FH6,7/Fc mediated complement-dependent killing of 8 of the 15 wild-type gonococcal isolates and effectively reduced the duration and burden of vaginal colonization of three gonococcal strains tested in wild-type mice, including two strains that resisted complement-dependent killing but on which FH6,7/Fc enhanced C3 deposition. FH/Fc lost efficacy when Fc was mutated to abrogate C1q binding and in C1q−/− mice, highlighting the requirement of the classical pathway for its activity. Targeting gonococci with FH6,7/Fc provides an additional immunotherapeutic approach against multidrug-resistant gonorrhea.
Removing mental health barriers to education: A community project
Authors: Schoeman Renata , Enright Jena , James Anelet , Vermeulen Cornelia , De Beer Nic 
Published: September 2018

Introduction: Attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is the most common psychiatric disorder in children – affecting 2% to 16% of the school-age population (National Resource Centre on AD/HD, 2013). However, in South Africa, data on prevalence rates, access to care and treatment for ADHD are limited and research is lacking. Many children- especially those in underprivileged communities- suffering from ADHD remain undiagnosed, or if diagnosed, do not receive optimal treatment. The Goldilocks and The Bear Foundation provides screening for ADHD and other mental health disorders to learners at school level. We will be presenting the statistics compiled for the first year of operation (July 2017 – June 2018).Methods: In the schools visited, children are referred to the Foundation by the School Based Support. Collateral information is obtained from educators and parents, and parental consent secured before any child is evaluated. Trained nurses do the basic physical screening and behavioural observations for each child. All information is collated and controlled by a trained psychiatrist or psychologist, who determine the possible diagnosis and refer accordingly (either to the community clinic, school doctor, optometrists, audiologists, educational psychologist or occupational psychologist). A detailed database was built capturing all the aforementioned information.Results: We have visited 18 schools (N = 12 447), of which 13 schools participated (N = 8780). A total of 543 children (6.2%) from the school population were screened. The ratio of boys to girls was 2:1, with an age range of 5–14 years. Of the children included in the current analysis (to be updated at the end of the study period), 2.7% were diagnosed with ADHD and 0.67% with depression and/or anxiety. Further detail will be provided with regard to risk factors and comorbid conditions and problem areas.Conclusion: Although mental health clinics exist in the public sector, children with ADHD often never reach this point of diagnosis and treatment because of a lack of awareness and knowledge in their communities. Improved outcomes are possible to achieve if patients suffering from ADHD are diagnosed as such and receive multi-modal intervention – which would include psychopharmacological interventions, behavioural interventions and support.
Knowledge, Skills, and Abilities in the Precision Agriculture Workforce: An Industry Survey
Authors: Erickson Bruce , Fausti Scott , Clay David , Clay Sharon 
Published: September 2018

Core Ideas
Needed skills are changing for agriculturalists working in precision farming.
It is often difficult for agribusiness to find qualified candidates to fill positions.
Different sets of skills are needed for equipment operators, agronomists, equipment technicians, technical support, and sales positions.
Precision agriculture encompasses a set of related technologies aimed at better utilizing crop inputs, increasing yield and quality, reducing production risks, and enabling information flow throughout the crop supply and end‐use chains. As agricultural businesses invest in precision offerings, their capacity to provide these products and services will depend on their ability to hire and retain employees with appropriate proficiency as defined in their knowledge, skills, and abilities (KSAs). A 2015 survey of agricultural retailers examined the minimum educational requirements retailers were seeking in their hires, along with the importance of a list of KSAs for the various positions that they customarily fill. The positions included equipment operators, sales specialists, technical support, and agronomists. The KSAs included specifics, such as the ability to install, calibrate, troubleshoot, and repair equipment; knowledge of precision agriculture software; and also more broad skills such as effective written and verbal communication and in making agronomy recommendations. As expected, retailers expressed different educational minimums and different levels of importance for various positions. Overwhelmingly, the retailers indicated difficulty in finding qualified candidates and a predominance of candidates with low or deficient proficiency in areas they rated important. The survey was accomplished using email lists from both CropLife and the Certified Crop Adviser program.
Variation in Triple Aim Measures: Implications of Clinical Signatures in Family Medicine Residency Programs
Authors: Page Cristen P. , Reid Alfred , Drostin Christina , Newton Warren P. 
Published: September 2018

ABSTRACT

Background
Evidence from several specialties suggests that practice patterns developed in residency influence the quality and cost of care long after completion of training. Improving the quality, cost, and patient experience of care (the “Triple Aim”) is foundational to future health systems change.

Objective
We measured variation in Triple Aim measures among family medicine residency programs in a regional quality improvement collaborative (I3 Population Health Collaborative).

Methods
We calculated medians and interquartile ranges for each of 11 Triple Aim measures and compared them with median splits of population and practice characteristics, including payer mix, patient race and age, electronic health record used, registry use, and National Committee for Quality Assurance patient-centered medical home recognition.

Results
All 22 participating family medicine residency programs provided baseline data. The number of practices reporting data on individual measures ranged from 9 to 17 (41%–77%). We found variation averaging 51% across all measures, from a low of 12% for readmission rates to 94% for emergency department visit rates. Variations were stable over time. We found no significant relationships between practice or population characteristics and measures, nor between practice characteristics and outcomes variation.

Conclusions
The 22 family medicine residency programs in our study showed substantial variation in quality, cost, and patient experience of care. These variations did not appear to result from differences in practice characteristics, payer mix, or patient demographics.
Abstracts of the 43rd Symposium on Cuniculture, ASESCU
Authors: Conferences, Congresses, Symposiums... Abstracts, 
Published: September 2018

The 43<sup>rd</sup> Congress of the Spanish Association of Cuniculture (ASESCU) was held in Calamocha (Teruel province, Aragon region, Spain) from 30th to 31st May 2018, hosted by the Cooperative Society “Esperanza del Jiloca” (CEJI) and the City Council of Calamocha. The three main talks focused on strategies against antibiotic resistance in rabbit farming: one explaining the relevance of this problem and the responsibility of each agent to improve it, another expounding the “Spanish National Plan against Antibiotic Resistance”, and the third showing the first milestones reached in reducing antibiotic use on rabbit farms. Specific sessions were devoted to explaining the outcomes of the three research projects supported by the partnership between the Spanish Institute of Agricultural Research (INIA) and the Rabbit Meat Marketing Board (INTERCUN): one related to welfare and health of rabbit does under different housing systems, the second devoted to the prevention and control of rabbit viral diseases, and the third investigating the etiopathogeny and control of epizootic rabbit enteropathy. In addition, the role and operation of INTERCUN was highlighted. The Chair of ASESCU spoke about this association’s role in the IDCURA project, a working group focused on innovation and divulgation in reducing antibiotic use in rabbit farming. The closing speech explained the workings of LONCUN, the latest reference market for benchmark prices of rabbit meat activated in Spain. Moreover, a total of 20 communications were presented both in working sessions with oral messages and posters (nutrition, pathology, biosecurity and sustainability, housing and welfare, and reproduction and genetics). The meeting was attended by more than 210 participants from several European, American and African countries. Abstracts of the contributions presented are reported below.
Potential for phenol biodegradation in cloud waters
Authors: Lallement Audrey , Besaury Ludovic , Tixier Elise , Sancelme Martine , Amato Pierre , Vinatier Virginie , Canet Isabelle , Polyakova Olga V. , Artaev Viatcheslay B. , Lebedev Albert T. , Deguillaume Laurent , Mailhot Gilles , Delort Anne-Marie 
Published: September 2018

Abstract. Phenol is toxic and can be found in many environments, in particular in the
atmosphere due to its high volatility. It can be emitted directly from
manufacturing processes or natural sources, and it can also result from
benzene oxidation. Although phenol biodegradation by microorganisms has been
studied in many environments, the cloud medium has not been investigated yet
as the discovery of active microorganisms in cloud is rather recent. The main objective of this work was to evaluate the potential degradation of
phenol by cloud microorganisms. Phenol concentrations were measured by GC-MS
on two cloud samples collected at the PUY station (summit of Puy de Dôme,
1465 m a.s.l., France): they ranged from 0.15 to
0.21 µg L−1. The strategy for investigating its potential biodegradation involved a
metatranscriptomic analysis and metabolic screening of bacterial strains
from cloud water collected at the PUY station for phenol degradation
capabilities (from the 145 tested strains, 33 were isolated for this work). Among prokaryotic messenger RNA-enriched metatranscriptomes obtained from
three cloud water samples, which were different from those used for phenol quantification,
we detected transcripts of genes coding for enzymes involved in phenol
degradation (phenol monooxygenases and phenol hydroxylases) and its main
degradation product, catechol (catechol 1,2-dioxygenases). These enzymes were
likely from Gammaproteobacteria, a dominant class in clouds, more
specifically the genera Acinetobacter and Pseudomonas. Bacterial isolates from cloud water samples (Pseudomonas spp.,
Rhodococcus spp., and strains from the Moraxellaceae family) were
screened for their ability to degrade phenol: 93 % of the 145 strains
tested were positive. These findings highlight the possibility of phenol
degradation by microorganisms in clouds. Metatranscriptomic analysis suggested that phenol could be
biodegraded in clouds, while 93 % of 145 bacterial strains isolated from
clouds were able to degrade phenol.