bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Ships Passing in the Night: Spectroscopic Analysis of Two Ultra-faint Satellites in the Constellation Carina*
†
‡
Authors: Li T. S. , Simon J. D. , Pace A. B. , Torrealba G. , Kuehn K. , Drlica-Wagner A. , Bechtol K. , Vivas A. K. , Marel R. P. van der , Wood M. , Yanny B. , Belokurov V. , Jethwa P. , Zucker D. B. , Lewis G. , Kron R. , Nidever D. L. , Sánchez-Conde M. A. , Ji A. P. , Conn B. C. , James D. J. , Martin N. F. , Martinez-Delgado D. , Noël N. E. D. ,   (MagLiteS Collaboration)
Published: April 2018

Abstract
We present Magellan/IMACS, Anglo-Australian Telescope/AAOmega+2dF, and Very Large Telescope/GIRAFFE+FLAMES spectroscopy of the Carina II (Car II) and Carina III (Car III) dwarf galaxy candidates, recently discovered in the Magellanic Satellites Survey (MagLiteS). We identify 18 member stars in Car II, including two binaries with variable radial velocities and two RR Lyrae stars. The other 14 members have a mean heliocentric velocity

and a velocity dispersion of

. Assuming Car II is in dynamical equilibrium, we derive a total mass within the half-light radius of

, indicating a mass-to-light ratio of

/

. From equivalent width measurements of the calcium triplet lines of nine red giant branch (RGB) stars, we derive a mean metallicity of

with dispersion

. Considering both the kinematic and chemical properties, we conclude that Car II is a dark-matter-dominated dwarf galaxy. For Car III, we identify four member stars, from which we calculate a systemic velocity of

. The brightest RGB member of Car III has a metallicity of

. Due to the small size of the Car III spectroscopic sample, we cannot conclusively determine its nature. Although these two systems have the smallest known physical separation (

) among Local Group satellites, the large difference in their systemic velocities,

, indicates that they are unlikely to be a bound pair. One or both systems are likely associated with the Large Magellanic Cloud (LMC), and may remain LMC satellites today. No statistically significant excess of γ-ray emission is found at the locations of Car II and Car III in eight years of Fermi-LAT data.
Observation and Modeling of Chromospheric Evaporation in a Coronal Loop Related to Active Region Transient Brightening
Authors: Gupta G. R. , Sarkar Aveek , Tripathi Durgesh 
Published: April 2018

Abstract
Using the observations recorded by the Atmospheric Imaging Assembly (AIA) on board the Solar Dynamics Observatory and the Interface Region Imaging Spectrograph (IRIS) and the Extreme-ultraviolet Imaging Spectrometer and X-Ray Telescope both on board Hinode, we present evidence of chromospheric evaporation in a coronal loop after the occurrence of two active region transient brightenings (ARTBs) at the two footpoints. The chromospheric evaporation started nearly simultaneously in all of the three hot channels of AIA 131, 94, and 335 Å and was observed to be temperature dependent, being fastest in the highest temperature channel. The whole loop became fully brightened following the ARTBs after ≈25 s in 131 Å, ≈40 s in 94 Å, and ≈6.5 minutes in 335 Å. The differential emission measurements at the two footpoints (i.e., of two ARTBs) and at the loop top suggest that the plasma attained a maximum temperature of ∼10 MK at all these locations. The spectroscopic observations from IRIS revealed the presence of redshifted emission of ∼20 km s−1 in cooler lines like C ii and Si iv during the ARTBs that was cotemporal with the evaporation flow at the footpoint of the loop. During the ARTBs, the line width of C ii and Si iv increased nearly by a factor of two during the peak emission. Moreover, enhancement in the line width preceded that in the Doppler shift, which again preceded enhancement in the intensity. The observed results were qualitatively reproduced by 1D hydrodynamic simulations, where energy was deposited at both of the footpoints of a monolithic coronal loop that mimicked the ARTBs identified in the observations.
Fast and Slow Precession of Gaseous Debris Disks around Planet-accreting White Dwarfs
Authors: Miranda Ryan , Rafikov Roman R. 
Published: April 2018

Abstract
Spectroscopic observations of some metal-rich white dwarfs (WDs), believed to be polluted by planetary material, reveal the presence of compact gaseous metallic disks orbiting them. The observed variability of asymmetric, double-peaked emission-line profiles in about half of such systems could be interpreted as the signature of precession of an eccentric gaseous debris disk. The variability timescales—from decades down to 1.4 year (recently inferred for the debris disk around HE 1349–2305)—are in rough agreement with the rate of general relativistic (GR) precession in the test-particle limit. However, it has not been demonstrated that this mechanism can drive such a fast, coherent precession of a radially extended (out to

1

R

⊙

) gaseous disk mediated by internal stresses (pressure). Here, we use the linear theory of eccentricity evolution in hydrodynamic disks to determine several key properties of eccentric modes in gaseous debris disks around WDs. We find a critical dependence of both the precession period and radial eccentricity distribution of the modes on the inner disk radius, r
in. For small inner radii,

r

in

≲
(
0.2
–
0.4
)

R

⊙

, the modes are GR-driven, with periods of ≈1–10 year. For

r

in

≳
(
0.2
–
0.4
)

R

⊙

, the modes are pressure dominated, with periods of ≈3–20 year. Correspondence between the variability periods and inferred inner radii of the observed disks is in general agreement with this trend. In particular, the short period of HE 1349–2305 is consistent with its small r
in. Circum-WD debris disks may thus serve as natural laboratories for studying the evolution of eccentric gaseous disks.
Le pôle de compétitivité, un facilitateur d’apprentissage organisationnel
Authors: Taddei Jean-Claude , Noblet Jean-Pierre 
Published: April 2018

Il est généralement admis que stratégie ne rime pas toujours avec PME, et encore moins avec TPE. Les auteurs sont nombreux à avoir démontré l’absence de stratégie, ou tout au moins son manque de formalisme dans les petites organisations. En 2005, le gouvernement français a créé les pôles de compétitivité regroupant les acteurs de l’économie, de la recherche et de la formation afin d’accompagner le développement et l’innovation des entreprises par filière. Mais comment faire travailler ensemble des entreprises dont le concept de planification stratégique est variable, voire absent dans un territoire économique qui va s’attacher à proposer des projets collectifs stratégiques. Ainsi, notre étude cherche à comprendre comment un pôle de compétitivité peut influencer les pratiques managériales des entreprises « situées » dans leur territoire, et en particulier, comment il peut faciliter les apprentissages mutuels. L’une des actions essentielles de la gouvernance du pôle auprès des PME revient à favoriser les coopérations sur des projets collectifs. En réduisant l’éloignement relationnel de PME qui hésitent à s’impliquer, le pôle de compétitivité contribue ainsi au rapprochement des entreprises du territoire. Nous souhaitons plus précisément comprendre comment un pôle de compétitivité facilite l’apprentissage stratégique et organisationnel des petites entreprises par leur mise en relation, et par les actions collectives auxquelles elles participeront, notamment en considérant le pôle comme un facilitateur d’apprentissage organisationnel dès lors qu’il joue le rôle d’inter-acteur, de leader, et de courtier de connaissances.
An Integrated Online Transient Simulation Solution for Subsea Pipeline Operations
Authors: Schoene Clare Butler 
Published: April 2018

Abstract
An integrated online solution for a complex gas gathering network consisting of offshore and onshore pipelines is presented. The system combines single phase and multiphase flow models with a rigorous corrosion calculation tool in an online environment to provide a comprehensive picture of the system state for assistance with operations management, planning, and forecasting. While the pipeline network is operated in the dense phase region, the use of both single phase and multiphase simulation technology makes it possible to have a robust system that is valid during any operational state of the field. The system is designed for use by operators and engineers to assist in daily operations, coordination, and planning. The integrated online solution monitors the pipelines for abnormal operating conditions, such as hydrates, dew point, and leak detection, that are occurring in real time and uses forecasting technology to determine if any abnormal conditions may occur in the near future.
As part of the online condition monitoring a rigorous corrosion calculation that includes the effects of sour gas, acid gas, water chemistry, and multiphase flow effects is incorporated into the system. The online models provide the data on gas composition and pipeline operating conditions required by the corrosion tool so that in situ corrosion rates can be calculated as profiles along the entire length of the pipeline. Detailed, on demand corrosion analysis can be performed at user specified points if further analysis is required.
The integrated online solution architecture is designed for high uptime and redundancy. The design includes consideration for databases, communications, virtual machines, simulation results handling, network redundancy, and maintainability. The architecture takes advantage of virtual machine technology and network redundancy to provide a high level of system performance while ensuring robustness to hardware failures.
The system was deployed in late 2016 and has operational ever since. Value has been realized through use of the tool to: evaluate pig tracking using the multiphase model to provide operations with an estimated pig arrival time; predict real time dew point to assist with managing rich gas and lean gas mixtures within the network; perform pack and draft modeling to allow pipeline operators to predict the run-down time of gas delivery; assess the risk of hydrates, dew point, or off spec gas and take preventive actions. Cost saving have been realized by the ability to optimize multimillion dollar inline inspection frequencies using the corrosion monitoring module and the overall operating conditions of the pipelines.
Deletion of Inflammasome Components Is Not Sufficient To Prevent Fatal Inflammation in Models of Familial Hemophagocytic Lymphohistiocytosis
Authors: Fauteux-Daniel Sébastien , Viel Sébastien , Besson Laurie , Zhang Jiang , Marotel Marie , Mathieu Anne-Laure , Pescarmona Rémi , Charrier Emily , Henry Thomas , Belot Alexandre , Walzer Thierry 
Published: April 2018

Abstract
Hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis (HLH) is a severe inflammatory condition that occurs in patients with genetic defects of cytotoxicity (familial HLH [FHL]) or secondary to other immunological disorders such as juvenile idiopathic arthritis. HLH is characterized by elevated levels of serum IL-18 and other cytokines. Moreover, a novel clinical entity has been recently identified in which constitutive NLRC4 inflammasome activation leads to severe HLH. Altogether, these clinical observations suggest that inflammasome activation is a central event in the development of all HLH forms and that inflammasome blockade could alleviate inflammation in FHL patients. To formally address this question, we invalidated genes encoding for Caspase-1 or the inflammasome adapter ASC in perforin-deficient mice that were subsequently infected with lymphocytic or mouse choriomeningitis virus as models of FHL. These deletions nearly abrogated IL-18 production occurring during HLH in all models. However, they did not reduce serum IFN-γ levels at the peak of the inflammatory reaction nor did they modulate inflammatory parameters at mid and late stages or fatal outcome. These data show that inflammasome blockade is not sufficient to prevent cytokine storm and lethality in mouse models of FHL and suggest that different pathophysiological mechanisms underlie HLH in genetic defects of cytotoxicity and genetic forms of inflammasome activation.
Intellectual disability rights and inclusive citizenship in South Africa: What can a scoping review tell us?
Authors: Capri Charlotte , Abrahams Lameze , McKenzie Judith , Coetzee Ockert , Mkabile Siyabulela , Saptouw Manuel , Hooper Andrew , Smith Peter , Adnams Colleen , Swartz Leslie 
Published: April 2018

Background: Intellectual disability (ID) is the most prevalent disability in the world. People with intellectual disability (PWID) frequently experience extreme violations of numerous human rights. Despite greater prevalence in South Africa than in high-income countries, most ID research currently comes from the Global North. This leaves us with few contextually sensitive studies to draw from to advance inclusive citizenship.Objectives: Our scoping review aims to investigate pertinent ID rights issues in South Africa, synthesise quantitative and qualitative studies, and provide a synopsis of available evidence on which to base future work. We aim to clarify key concepts, address gaps in the literature and identify opportunities for further research.Method: We followed strict eligibility criteria. Medical subject heading terms were entered into seven databases. Seven reviewers worked independently, two per paper. Quantitative and qualitative data extraction forms were designed. We followed Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis (PRISMA) guidelines and registered a protocol. An inductive approach enabled a thematic analysis of selected studies.Results: By following PRISMA guidelines, 82 studies were assessed for eligibility of which 59 were included. Ten sub-themes were integrated into four main themes: the right not to be discriminated against, the right to psychological and bodily integrity, the right to accommodating services and challenges to rights implementation.Conclusion: People with intellectual disability face compound difficulties when trying to assert their constitutionally entitled rights. This ongoing project requires serious commitment and action. Statutory obligations to nurture every South African’s human rights naturally extend to PWID and their supporters who forge ahead in a disabling environment.
Cubic Twin Prime Polynomials are Counted by a Modular Form
Authors: Bary-Soroker Lior , Stix Jakob 
Published: April 2018

AbstractWe present the geometry behind counting twin prime polynomials in $\mathbb{F}_{q}[T]$ in general. We compute cohomology and explicitly count points by means of a twisted Lefschetz trace formula applied to these parametrizing varieties for cubic twin prime polynomials. The elliptic curve $X^{3}=Y(Y-1)$ occurs in the geometry, and thus counting cubic twin prime polynomials involves the associated modular form. In theory, this approach can be extended to higher degree twin primes, but the computations become harder.The formula we get in degree 3 is compatible with the Hardy–Littlewood heuristic on average, agrees with the prediction for $q\equiv 2$ (mod 3), but shows anomalies for $q\equiv 1$ (mod 3).
Bridging the digital divide: measuring digital literacy
Authors: Chetty Krish , Qigui Liu , Gcora Nozibele , Josie Jaya , Wenwei Li , Fang Chen 
Published: April 2018

Abstract
To promote digital transformation, equal emphasis needs to be placed on digital skills development as to infrastructure development. Integral to investment in digital skills development is the subsequent management and evaluation of digital training programmes. This paper assesses mechanisms to ensure digital training programmes are adequately managed using a standardized data collection framework to measure an internationally accepted digital literacy index. Such an index requires an agile definition of digital literacy, responsive to the fluid nature of the digital economy. The paper also explores the extent to which a G20 advisory body may inform a nationally representative data collection strategy within the context of a data collection process that is cognizant of the evolving demands of businesses and users alike.
Bridging the digital divide in the G20: skills for the new age
Authors: Chetty Krish , Aneja Urvashi , Mishra Vidisha , Gcora Nozibele , Josie Jaya 
Published: April 2018

Abstract
The digital divide in general, and between women and men in particular, is a manifestation of exclusion, poverty and inequality, and is likely to continue because of the effects of unemployment, poorly functioning digital skilling programmes and socio-cultural norms in some economies, and further depriving women equal access to digital services. Digital skills provide the poor a catalyst to break out of the cycle of poverty and empower themselves. This paper proposes a three-pronged digital skills strategy that will be required for developing countries to break out of the digital divide trap: (1) Monitor the evolving set of digital skills required for employment, (2) incorporate a holistic digital skills development strategy into national education programmes, and (3) contextualize skilling programs within prevailing socio-cultural norms that will shape the uptake and impact of digital skilling programs.
Assessing the hydrologic response to wildfires in mountainous regions
Authors: Havel Aaron , Tasdighi Ali , Arabi Mazdak 
Published: April 2018

Abstract. This study aims to understand the hydrologic responses to wildfires in
mountainous regions at various spatial scales. The Soil and Water Assessment
Tool (SWAT) was used to evaluate the hydrologic responses of the upper Cache la
Poudre Watershed in Colorado to the 2012 High Park and Hewlett wildfire
events. A baseline SWAT model was established to simulate the hydrology of
the study area between the years 2000 and 2014. A procedure involving land
use and curve number updating was implemented to assess the effects of
wildfires. Application of the proposed procedure provides the ability to
simulate the hydrologic response to wildfires seamlessly through mimicking
the dynamic of the changes due to wildfires. The wildfire effects on curve
numbers were determined comparing the probability distribution of curve
numbers after calibrating the model for pre- and post-wildfire conditions.
Daily calibration and testing of the model produced “very good” results.
No-wildfire and wildfire scenarios were created and compared to quantify
changes in average annual total runoff volume, water budgets, and full
streamflow statistics at different spatial scales. At the watershed scale,
wildfire conditions showed little impact on the hydrologic responses.
However, a runoff increase up to 75 % was observed between the scenarios in
sub-watersheds with high burn intensity. Generally, higher surface runoff and
decreased subsurface flow were observed under post-wildfire conditions.
Flow duration curves developed for burned sub-watersheds using full
streamflow statistics showed that less frequent streamflows become greater in
magnitude. A linear regression model was developed to assess the relationship
between percent burned area and runoff increase in Cache la Poudre Watershed.
A strong (R2 > 0.8) and significant (p < 0.001) positive
correlation was determined between runoff increase and percentage of burned
area upstream. This study showed that the effects of wildfires on hydrology
of a watershed are scale-dependent. Also, using full streamflow statistics
through application of flow duration curves revealed that the wildfires had a
higher effect on peak flows, which may increase the risk of flash floods in
post-wildfire conditions.
Geomagnetic field declination: from decadal to centennial scales
Authors: Dobrica Venera , Demetrescu Crisan , Mandea Mioara 
Published: April 2018

Abstract. Declination annual mean time series longer than 1 century provided by 24 geomagnetic observatories worldwide, together with 5 Western European reconstructed declination series over the last 4 centuries, have been analyzed in terms of the frequency constituents of the secular variation at inter-decadal and sub-centennial timescales of 20–35 and 70–90 years. Observatory and reconstructed time series have been processed by several types of filtering, namely Hodrick–Prescott, running averages, and Butterworth. The Hodrick–Prescott filtering allows us to separate a quasi-oscillation at a decadal timescale, which is assumed to be related to external variations and called the 11-year constituent, from a long-term trend. The latter has been decomposed into two other oscillations called inter-decadal and sub-centennial constituents by applying a Butterworth filtering with cutoffs at 30 and 73 years, respectively. The analysis shows that the generally accepted geomagnetic jerks occur around extrema in the time derivative of the trend and coincide with extrema in the time derivative of the 11-year constituent. The sub-centennial constituent is traced back to 1600 in the five 400-year-long time series and seems to be a major constituent of the secular variation, geomagnetic jerks included.
Phosphorus (P) Adsorption Behavior and Harvested P by the Sugarcane (Saccharum officinarum L.) Affected by Inorganic and Organic Fertilizer Applications on an Ultisol
Authors: Lumbanraja Jamalam , Satgada Catur Putra , Sarno Sarno , Utomo Muhajir , Hasibuan Rosma , Dermiyati Dermiyati , Triyono Sugeng 
Published: April 2018

The field and laboratory experimental studies were conducted to determine the phosphorus (P) adsorption behavior employing Langmuir Method and yield of sugarcane as affected by compost and inorganic fertilizer applications, and to determine the correlations between the Langmuir parameters and the availability of P in soil or harvested P by the sugarcane. Both field and lab experiments were arranged in a randomized block design, consisting of five treatments (A= 100% NPK, B=100% compost, C=100% NPK + 50% compost, D= 50% NPK + 100%, compost, and E= no fertilizer). Each treatment was replicated three times. Field and laboratory studies were carried out in the sugarcane field and in the Laboratory of Soil Science, the University of Lampung for Langmuir P studies, respectively. The results showed that the applications of 100% NPK plus 50% organic fertilizer, and 100% NPK resulted in the highest amount of available-P in the soil, the lowest maximum adsorption of P (Xm) and the lowest relative bonding energy of P (km); as well as the highest effect on the increase of sugarcane production. On the other hand, the treatments of no fertilizer and the 100% organic fertilizer resulted in the highest maximum adsorption of P (Xm) and the lowest sugar production. There were very significant negative correlations between the maximum adsorption of P (Xm) and soil P, harvested P by the sugarcane and stem biomass; while similar trend but no significant correlations between the relative bonding energy of P (km) and soil P, harvested P, leaf biomass and stem biomass were detected.