bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Urinary placental growth factor in preeclampsia and fetal growth restriction: An alternative to circulating biomarkers?
Authors: Zhang Kewei , Zen Monica , Popovic Nicole L. , Lee Vincent W. , Alahakoon Thushari I. 
Published: August 2019

AbstractAimTo correlate plasma and urinary soluble fms‐like tyrosine kinase 1 (sFlt‐1) and placental growth factor (PIGF) in preeclampsia (PE) and fetal growth restriction (FGR) and assess the performance in detecting established disease.MethodsA cross‐sectional case–control study recruited 26–40 weeks gestation pregnancies into four clinical groups: normal pregnancy, PE, PE + FGR, and FGR. enzyme‐linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) measurements of urinary and plasma sFlt‐1 and PlGF levels were performed. Urinary levels of sFlt‐1 and PIGF were normalized to creatinine. Spearman's rank correlation was used to assess the association between plasma and urinary levels of sFlt‐1 and PIGF, and receiver operating characteristic graphs were used to quantify the performance of each individual marker and their ratios in predicting normal versus pathological pregnancies affected by preeclampsia and/or FGR.ResultsThere was a significant correlation between plasma PlGF and urinary PlGF (r = 0.718, P < 0.001) in all groups. In the pathological groups, plasma sFlt‐1 and urinary sFlt‐1 as well as plasma sFlt‐1: PIGF ratio and urinary sFlt‐1: PlGF ratio were higher, but plasma PIGF and urinary PlGF were lower when compared to normal pregnancy. Plasma PIGF and plasma sFlt‐1: PlGF ratio was comparable in performance to urinary PlGF and urinary sFlt‐1: PIGF ratio for the diagnosis of preeclampsia and/or FGR.ConclusionUrinary PIGF can be used as an alternative to circulating biomarkers in preeclampsia and FGR. Plasma sFlt‐1, PlGF and sFlt‐1: PlGF ratio as well as urinary PIGF and sFlt‐1: PlGF ratio can be used to differentiate between normal pregnancy and pregnancies complicated by preeclampsia and FGR.
Cesarean section under general anesthesia for antepartum reversible cerebral vasoconstriction syndrome: A case report
Authors: Descamps Richard , Envain François , Kuchcinski Grégory , Clouqueur Elodie , Henon Hilde , Gonzalez‐Estevez Max 
Published: August 2019

AbstractReversible cerebral vasoconstriction syndrome (RCVS) is characterized by acute and usually severe headache related to multifocal vasoconstriction of cerebral arteries, reversible within 3 months. About 10% of RCVS are pregnancy‐related, but only three cases of antepartum RCVS have been described. We report the case of a 26‐year‐old pregnant woman who presented at 36 weeks gestation with antepartum RCVS. Delivery was managed by cesarean section under general anesthesia. Though she developed focal neurologic deficits on the first postoperative day, these resolved at hospital discharge. This case highlights pre‐ and post‐partum multidisciplinary management including cesarean section under general anesthesia.
Clinical and Neuroimaging Characteristics in Embolic Stroke of Undetermined versus Cardioembolic Origin: A Population‐Based Study
Authors: Tsivgoulis Georgios , Kargiotis Odysseas , Katsanos Aristeidis H. , Patousi Athanasia , Pikilidou Maria , Birbilis Theodosis , Mantatzis Michael , Palaiodimou Lina , Triantafyllou Sokratis , Papanas Nikolaos , Skendros Panagiotis , Terzoudi Aikaterini , Georgiadis George S. , Maltezos Efstratios , Piperidou Charitomeni , Serdari Aspasia , Theodorou Aikaterini , Ikonomidis Ignatios , Heliopoulos Ioannis , Vadikolias Konstantinos 
Published: August 2019

ABSTRACTBACKGROUND AND PURPOSEEvidence suggests that cardioembolism represents the underlying mechanism in the minority of embolic strokes of undetermined source (ESUS). In this population‐based study, we sought to compare the clinical and imaging characteristics as well as outcomes in patients with ESUS and cardioembolic stroke (CE).METHODSWe included consecutive patients with first‐ever ischemic stroke (IS) from the previously published population‐based Evros‐Stroke‐Registry identified as ESUS or CE according to standardized criteria. Baseline characteristics, admission NIHSS scores, cerebral edema, hemorrhagic transformation, stroke recurrence, functional outcomes (determined by modified Rankin Scale [mRS] scores), and mortality rates were recorded during the 1‐year follow‐up period.RESULTSWe identified 21 ESUS (3.7% of IS) and 211 CE (37.1% of IS) cases. Patients with ESUS were younger (median age: 68 years [interquartile range [IQR]: 61‐75] vs 80 years [IQR: 75‐84]; P < .001), had lower median admission NIHSS scores (4 points [IQR: 2‐8] vs 10 points [IQR: 5‐17]; P < .001), and lower prevalence of cerebral edema on neuroimaging studies (0 vs. 33.3%, P = .002). Functional outcomes were more favorable in ESUS at 28 (median mRS score: 2 [IQR: 1‐3] vs 4 [IQR: 4‐5]; P < .001), 90 (median mRS score: 1 [IQR: 0‐2] vs 4 [IQR: 3‐5]; P < .001), and 365 days (median mRS score: 1 [IQR: 0‐2] vs 4 [IQR: 2‐4]; P < 0.001). At 1‐year, the mortality rate was lower in ESUS (0% [95% confidence interval [CI]: 0‐13.5%] vs 34.6% [95% CI: 28.2‐41.0%]; P < .001); the 1‐year recurrent rate was also lower numerically (0% [95% CI: 0‐13.5%] vs 9.5% [95% CI: 5.5‐13.4%]; P = .140) but this difference failed to reach statistical significance due to the small study population.CONCLUSIONSThe clinical and neuroimaging profiles as well as clinical outcomes vary substantially between ESUS and CE indicating different underlying mechanisms.
A proposal for classification of oropharyngeal squamous cell carcinoma: Morphology and status of HPV by immunohistochemistry and molecular biology
Authors: Rahimi Siavash , Akaev Iolia , Brennan Peter A. , Virgo Azarel , Marani Carla , Gomez Ricardo S. , Yeoh Chit Cheng 
Published: August 2019

AbstractThe current three‐tier grading system (well, moderate and poorly differentiated) used to morphologically classify head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) is inadequate for categorisation of oropharyngeal squamous cell carcinoma (OPSCC) owing to the lack of prognostic value. The aim of this study was to assess the validity of a classification system for OPSCC based on morphology and human papilloma virus (HPV) infection status. Haematoxylin and eosin slides of 121 patients (100 M, 21 F, age range 40‐89 years) with OPSCC were reviewed and categorised as histological types I, II and III. The presence of HPV was assessed by immunohistochemistry with p16 and RNAscope In situ hybridization (ISH). The follow‐up period was 36 months. Ninety‐six patients were p16+ and clinical stage I. Patient survival with types I, II and III was 93%, 50% and 96%, respectively. Twenty‐five patients were p16−: 10 clinical stage I and 15 stage III. Amongst this group, no type I morphology was identified. At follow‐up, 65% of type II and 75% of type III patients were alive. All p16+ cases were also positive for E6/E7 mRNA high‐risk HPV by ISH, while 23 p16− cases were negative and two were positive. Cox regression identified three predictors of mortality: older age (HR = 1.14, 95% CI = 1.06‐1.23, P = .001); female gender (HR = 0.22.95% CI 0.05‐0.88, P = .033); and type II morphology (HR = 13.1, 95% CI = 1.09‐157.0, P = .043). OPSCC morphological classification in three sub‐types, along with HPV infection status, seems to reflect the outcome of patients with OPSCC.
Outcomes and needs of health and education professionals following fetal alcohol spectrum disorder‐specific training
Authors: Reid Natasha , White Codi , Hawkins Erinn , Crawford Andi , Liu Wei , Shanley Dianne 
Published: August 2019

AimUnderstanding professionals' views and needs can help advance service provision and improve future training opportunities, Therefore, the current study examined the experiences of Australian and New Zealand professionals who have attended fetal alcohol spectrum disorder (FASD)‐specific training and the impact of this training on their current practices.MethodsA total of 52 health and education professionals from Australia and New Zealand completed an online survey that asked about their training experiences; changes in practice following training; their experiences implementing assessments in their workplace; and, for Australian professionals, their experiences of using the recently released Australian Guide to FASD diagnosis.ResultsRespondents described a range of perceived practice changes following training attendance. These included increases in: asking about alcohol use during pregnancy; providing referrals for assessments; providing assessments and consultation with other professionals regarding FASD diagnosis. Qualitative findings also demonstrated themes of increased knowledge, awareness and/or confidence about providing neurodevelopmental assessments and FASD diagnosis following training.ConclusionsThis is the first study to document training and practice experiences of Australian and New Zealand professionals in relation to FASD. Overall, training efforts were well received by professionals and were effective in changing professionals' self‐reported practice. Future investment in FASD‐specific training initiatives and increased resources to enable neurodevelopmental assessments for all complex presentations, including FASD, is warranted.
Contrast‐enhanced ultrasound for quantification of tissue perfusion in humans
Authors: Emanuel Anna L. , Meijer Rick I. , van Poelgeest Erik , Spoor Pien , Serné Erik H. , Eringa Etto C. 
Published: August 2019

AbstractContrast‐enhanced ultrasound is an imaging technique that can be used to quantify microvascular blood volume and blood flow of vital organs in humans. It relies on the use of microbubble contrast agents and ultrasound‐based imaging of microbubbles. Over the past decades, both ultrasound contrast agents and experimental techniques to image them have rapidly improved, as did experience among investigators and clinicians. However, these improvements have not yet resulted in uniform guidelines for CEUS when it comes to quantification of tissue perfusion in humans, preventing its uniform and widespread use in research settings. The objective of this review is to provide a methodological overview of CEUS and its development, the influences of hardware and software settings, type and dosage of ultrasound contrast agent, and method of analysis on CEUS‐derived perfusion data. Furthermore, we will discuss organ‐specific imaging challenges, advantages, and limitations of CEUS.
Road side unit location optimization for optimum link flow determination
Authors: Liang Yunyi , Wu Zhizhou , Hu Jia 
Published: August 2019

AbstractThis study addresses the problem of road side unit (RSU) location optimization for optimum link flow determination. The error of link flow determination using RSU information comes from two sources: measurement error and inference error. The inference error is caused by the propagation and accumulation of measurement error during the link flow inference process. The direct problem formulation aiming to minimize the total error is impossible because the minimization of inference error has to be indirectly formulated as the minimization of the cumulative number of unobserved links. Further, for a given number of RSU, the decrease in the cumulative number of unobserved links results in the increase of the number of observed links, and thus results in the increase of measurement error due to data packet queueing delay. Therefore, for a given RSU installation budget, the balance between the two types of error needs to be optimized in order to achieve the optimum link flow determination accuracy. To fulfill this goal, the RSU location optimization problem is formulated as a bi‐objective nonlinear binary integer programming. This programming is constrained by complete link flow determination requirements. In order to accelerate computation, an efficient ε‐constraint method is designed to generate Pareto optimal frontier. The subproblem solved at each iteration is linearized using piecewise linear approximation and solved using a constraint generation method. The proposed model and the solution algorithm are evaluated through numerical examples. The results reveal that the Pareto optimal solutions achieved by the proposed model are at least not inferior to a non‐Pareto solution obtained in the baseline scenario. Further, both the measurement error and inference error associated with some of the Pareto optimal points are lower than those associated with the non‐Pareto optimal solution.
Effects of shyness and friendship on socioemotional adjustment during the college transition
Authors: Shell Madelynn D. , Absher Tiffany N. 
Published: August 2019

AbstractThis study identified (a) friendship changes during the first year of college, and how this change is affected by shyness, and (b) how shyness and friendship individually and in combination affect socioemotional well‐being. In Fall and Spring, first‐year college students reported on shyness, friendship quality and stability, internalizing symptoms, loneliness, and life satisfaction. There was substantial stability in friendships, particularly among shy students. A Person × Interpersonal Environment Interaction predicted socioemotional well‐being. Shy students with high‐quality versus low‐quality friendships reported lower internalizing symptoms. Although shyness was associated with increased loneliness and decreased life satisfaction, high‐quality friendships showed modest evidence of moderating these relationships. Many students maintained precollege friendships, but high‐quality friendships were particularly beneficial for shy students.
Methodological considerations for linked blood donor‐component‐recipient analyses in transfusion medicine research
Authors: Roubinian Nareg H. , Kleinman Steven , Murphy Edward L. , Glynn Simone A. , Edgren Gustaf 
Published: August 2019

In recent years, there has been a concerted effort to improve our understanding of the quality and effectiveness of transfused blood components. The expanding use of large datasets built from electronic health records allows the investigation of potential benefits or adverse outcomes associated with transfusion therapy. Together with information regarding blood donor demographics and component collection and manufacturing, these datasets permit evaluation of associations between donor or component factors and transfusion recipient outcomes. Large linked 'vein‐to‐vein' datasets provide the power to study exposures relevant to transfusion efficacy and safety, many of which would not otherwise be amenable to study for practical or sample size reasons. Analyses of these large donor‐component‐recipient datasets allow for characterization of the populations under study and provide an evidence base for future clinical studies. Knowledge generated from linked analyses has the potential to change the way donors are selected and how components are processed, stored and allocated. However, unrecognized confounding and biased statistical methods continue to be limitations in the study of transfusion exposures and patient outcomes. Given these challenges, results of observational studies of blood donor demographics, storage age and transfusion practice have been conflicting. This review summarizes statistical and methodological challenges in analyses of linked blood donor, component and transfusion recipient outcomes.
Deferred and deterred: a review of literature on the impact of deferrals on blood donors
Authors: Davison Tanya E. , Masser Barbara M. , Gemelli Carley N. 
Published: August 2019

BackgroundPotential blood donors can be deferred due to concerns about the impact of the donation on their health or the safety of the blood supply. To date, we lack a comprehensive review of the impact of deferrals on donors and how to mitigate adverse effects.AimsThe aim of this review was to describe the available literature on deferrals, with a focus on the impact of deferrals on donors’ subsequent behaviour, potential reasons for impact and the effectiveness of strategies to improve deferral processes and facilitate donor return.MethodA narrative review of the literature on blood donation deferrals was undertaken.ResultsDeferral rates vary widely across different contexts, with female, younger, first time and minority donors more likely to be ineligible to donate. There is clear evidence that deferrals impact on future donation behaviour, particularly for those deferred at their first donation attempt. Deferral has a negative emotional impact if the deferral is permanent or related to positive test results, while emotions experienced at the time of a temporary deferral are related to donors’ willingness to return.ConclusionAn understanding of the impact of deferrals from the donor perspective provides key information to improve the blood centre practices. There is preliminary evidence of the effectiveness of strategies to retain donors, including enabling the ineligible donor to make an alternative contribution, providing clear information about the deferral, notifying the donor when they can return to donate and addressing practical barriers to return.
Emotions and language in advertising
Authors: Bhatia Tej K. 
Published: August 2019

AbstractIt is widely acknowledged that advertisers employ primarily two types of persuasion strategies—rational vs. emotional—to persuade consumers to buy their products. While a rational appeal is driven by information processing by the conscious mind, in contrast, an emotional appeal is propelled by the unconscious mind or gut‐feeling(s), which has its own rewards and risks. The main goals of this paper are two‐fold: (1) to present a mechanism of encoding and decoding emotions rooted in the language; and (2) to identify linguistic markers and strategies of an emotional ad. In addition to imagery, the role of language in emotional advertising is undisputed. A linguistic analysis of monolingual as well as bilingual/multilingual ads is performed to show how language regulates desired emotional effects, identities, and appeals.
Multilingual advertising in the linguistic landscape of Seoul
Authors: Lee Jamie Shinhee 
Published: August 2019

AbstractThis study examines commercial signs in arguably the two most visited tourism districts in Seoul, namely Myeongdong and Insadong. It focuses on beauty and food businesses and analyzes featured languages and their content and roles in signage. This article argues that business types, specialized marketing focus, and intended sales pitch influence business owners’ linguistic choices. The findings of the study suggest that the beauty industry relies heavily on English in general, but the power of K‐Beauty popularized by ‘Hallyu’ (The Korean Wave) beyond Korea inevitably invites linguistic accommodation in the form of using Chinese and Japanese. In general, the business category of beauty features a more prevalent use of English than the gastronomic business in this study. Moreover, as an area specializing in traditions and cultural heritage, Insadong shows more signs exclusively in Korean than in Myeongdong.
Assessment and management of pain during dressing change in patients with diabetic foot ulcers: a best practice implementation project
Authors: Ren Ying , Luo Xiangrong , Xie Cuihua , Zhang Ping , Meng Min , Song Huijuan 
Published: August 2019

ABSTRACT

Introduction:
Pain caused by dressing change has adverse effects on patients with a diabetic foot ulcer, including sleep disturbances, immobility, depression and anxiety. It is crucial that healthcare professionals use a standardized tool to assess and document pain during dressing change and then use this information to inform strategies to alleviate the pain.

Objectives:
The aim of this project was to implement evidence-based practice in assessment and management of pain during dressing change among patients with diabetic foot ulcers in an endocrinology unit in a tertiary hospital.

Methods:
The JBI Practical Application of Clinical Evidence System (JBI PACES) and Getting Research into Practice (GRiP) audit and feedback tool were used for auditing clinical practice and translating evidence into practice. A baseline audit was performed to assess compliance with six criteria, followed by the implementation of evidence-based interventions to improve compliance. The follow-up audit using the same audit criteria was conducted to assess the effect of targeted strategies on compliance with best practice.

Results:
The baseline audit revealed that compliance with evidence-based practice was low, with only one of the six audit criteria achieving a compliance rate above 60%. After brainstorming and synthesizing the literature, the project team identified barriers and strategies for implementing best practice. The follow-up audit showed improvements in compliance across all six criteria, although there was only a small improvement in one of the criteria. The compliance rate of the other five criteria improved to greater than 67%.

Conclusion:
A best practice implementation project that involved standardizing pain assessment and management, and delivering education materials to nursing staff and patients was completed using JBI PACES and GRiP. The project improved nurses’ compliance with best practice. Nurses attach importance to relieving patients’ pain when they perform wound care, while patients with a diabetic foot ulcer gain access to high-quality wound care. Future studies will be conducted to address new barriers that emerged during the follow-up audit.
Intracontinental deformation within the India-Eurasia oblique convergence zone: Case studies on the Nantinghe and Dayingjiang faults
Authors: Wang Yang , Wang Yuejun , Zhang Peizhen , Schoenbohm Lindsay M. , Zhang Bo , Zhang Jinjiang , Zhou Renjie , Stockli Daniel F. , Seagren Erin G. , Wang Fei , Wu Lin 
Published: August 2019

AbstractThe most striking structural features in the interior of the Shan Plateau, southeast of the eastern Himalayan syntaxis, are a series of NE-trending faults that exhibit sinistral movement and an arcuate geometry. Their origin and tectonic evolution remain poorly understood. Furthermore, a switch in slip sense is recorded along many of these faults, but the timing of kinematic reversal is still unclear, hindering an understanding of the causal geodynamic mechanisms. We conducted an integrative study of apatite and zircon (U-Th)/He thermochronology, 40Ar/39Ar geochronology, and structural and geomorphic analysis to decipher the evolution of two major NE-trending faults: the Nantinghe and Dayingjiang faults. At least three deformation stages are identified within the Nantinghe fault zone, including top-to-the-SE/ESE thrusting, dextral ductile strike-slip shearing, and sinistral movement. Zircon and apatite (U-Th)/He data, collected from the northeastern terminus of the Nantinghe fault, reveal rapid cooling in the early Miocene. Combined with the 40Ar/39Ar data from sinistrally sheared mylonite, left-lateral movement on the Nantinghe fault is inferred to have initiated as early as ca. 20 Ma. The Dayingjiang fault reactivated as a sinistral brittle fault along the dextral Yingjiang shear zone. A two-stage thermal history is identified along the shear zone, with prominent cooling during dextral ductile shearing in the early- to mid-Miocene followed by a lower-magnitude cooling episode at ca. 11 Ma caused by sinistral transtension along the Dayingjiang fault. The evolution of the Nantinghe and Dayingjiang faults suggests that the NE-trending fault system in the Shan Plateau may have developed along preexisting structures and underwent diachronous slip-sense inversion in the late Cenozoic. The northward advance of the eastern Himalayan syntaxis caused a major change in both the regional stress field and fault geometries in the eastern India-Eurasia oblique convergence zone, contributing to the inversion of fault kinematics.