bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Sex differences in cardiovascular risk management for people with diabetes in primary care: a cross-sectional study
Authors: de Jong Marit , Vos Rimke C , de Ritter Rianneke , van der Kallen Carla J , Sep Simone J , Woodward Mark , Stehouwer Coen DA , Bots Michiel L , Peters Sanne AE 
Published: May 2019

BackgroundDiabetes is a stronger risk factor for cardiovascular complications in women than men.AimTo evaluate whether there are sex differences in cardiovascular risk management in patients with diabetes in primary care.Design & settingA cross-sectional study was undertaken using data from 12 512 individuals with diabetes within the Dutch Julius General Practitioners Network (JGPN) from 2013.MethodLinear and Poisson regression analyses were used to assess sex differences in risk factor levels, assessment, treatment, and control.ResultsNo sex differences were found in HbA1c levels and control, while small differences were found for cardiovascular risk management. Blood pressure levels were higher (mean difference [MD] 1.09 mmHg; 95% confidence intervals [CI] = 0.41 to 1.77), while cholesterol levels (MD -0.38 mmol/l; 95% CI = -0.42 to -0.34) and body mass index ([BMI] MD -1.79 kg/m2; 95% CI = -2.03 to 1.56) were lower in men than women. Risk factor assessment was similar between sexes, apart from high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-c), which was more commonly assessed in women (risk ratio [RR] 1.16; 95% CI = 1.13 to 1.20). Among those with a treatment indication for prevention, women with cardiovascular disease (CVD) were less likely to receive lipid-lowering drugs (RR 0.84; 95% CI = 0.76 to 0.93) than men, while women without CVD were more likely to receive lipid-lowering drugs (RR 1.16; 95% CI = 1.04 to 1.2). Among those treated, women were more likely to achieve systolic blood pressure (SBP) control (RR 1.06; 95% CI = 1.02 to 1.10) and less likely to achieve low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-c) control (RR 0.88; 95% CI = 0.85 to 0.91) than men.ConclusionIn this Dutch primary care setting, sex differences in risk factor assessment and treatment of people with diabetes were small. However, women with diabetes were less likely to achieve control for LDL-c and more likely to achieve blood pressure control than men with diabetes.
Persepsi Pengunjung Terhadap Keberadaan Wana Wisata Puncak Damar dalam Pelestarian Hutan
Authors: Mulyana Intan Okta , Djuwendah Endah 
Published: May 2019

This research to identify the characteristics of visitors and analyze the perception of visitors to management of Wana Wisata Damar Peak in forest conservation. Visitor perseption in review of service, infrastructure, environment (physical, social, and culture), and forest conservation. The research location in Pakualam Village, Darmaraja Subdistrict, Sumedang Regency, West Java Province from late june to erly july 2017. Research design is a quantitative design using survey method. Data collegtiorn using interviews, observation, and literature study. The selection of sample using simple random sampling, with the number of respondents as many as 100 people. Research result indicated that most ofvisitors came from Sumedang, male gender, aged between 20 – 29 years old, with high school education as a student and have income less than Rp 1.000.000, the purpose of visiting in general for a vacation because this place is attractive and cheap entry fees, most visitors budgeted for the cost of recreation per mont less than Rp 200.000. Almost half of the visitors came with friends using their own vehicles, doing a one-time visit and interested to visid again. Visitor perception to management of Damar Peak in the forest conservation is still not good because the manager and the community is still lacking in the effort of forest conservation.
La doble maternidad y la doble paternidad*
Authors: Guzmán Ávalos Aníbal 
Published: May 2019

La Suprema Corte de la Nación, en pleno declaró la constitucionalidad de la reforma al artículo 146 (matrimonio entre parejas del mismo sexo) del Código Civil para el entonces Distrito Federal, hoy Ciudad de México, así como su derecho a adoptar derivado del derecho al libre desarrollo de la personalidad de cada individuo; sin embargo, el alto tribunal, no contempló la posibilidad que este modelo de familia decida ejercer su derecho a la procreación sustentado por el artículo 4° Constitucional a través de los métodos de procreaciónmedicamente asistida y con ello generar una filiación de doble maternidad o paternidad. Es verdad que el panorama es diverso, según se trate de parejas de mujeres o de hombres, por su capacidad gestacional, pero el problema se presenta con la filiación de la hija o hijo; toda vez que la legislación en el país no atribuye la maternidad en un matrimonio a dos mujeres o paternidad a dos hombres.
El derecho de familia en españa: breves comentarios sobre problemas muy particulares
Authors: Gómez Taboada Jesús 
Published: May 2019

El artículo analiza el cambio introducido en el ordenamiento español por el cual se legitima el matrimonio entre parejas de un mismo sexo, postura avanzada sostenida por el Partido Socialista Obrero Español a diferencia de la que esgrimía el Partido Popular que había barajado durante su gobierno de opción de uniones civiles. Los argumentos que sustentaron la nueva ley se apoyan sobre todo en la libertad y en la igualdad, ambos valores superiores del ordenamiento jurídico español. Esta tesis no consideró un escollo: el artículo 32 de la Constitución cuyo párrafo primero señala que “El hombre y la mujer tienen derecho a contraer matrimonio con plena igualdad jurídica”, reinterpretándoseno como que da cobertura sólo a la unión hombre-mujer, sino a la unióndel hombre y la mujer. El autor expone las ideas que se han manejado en contra de tal postura, señalando que la mayoría de ellas son emocionales y que la más racional puede estar a partir de uno de los objetivos del matrimonio que es el deprocrear, cuestión que no pueden lograrlas parejas de un mismo sexo.
ANALISIS POTENSI PASIR TABLOLONG DAN PASIR KOKA SEBAGAI SUMBER SILIKA MENGGUNAKAN UJI XRF DAN XRD
Authors: Pingak Redi K. , Johannes Albert Z. , Lapono Laura A. S. 
Published: May 2019

Abstrak
Silika memiliki banyak aplikasi sehingga penelitian tentang sintesis silika dari bahan alam yang praktis dan murah sangat penting untuk dilakukan. Dari warnanya, pasir Tablolong dan pasir Koka adalah dua pasir alam di NTT yang diduga mengandung silika dengan kemurnian yang cukup tinggi. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah mengetahui kandungan awal silika dalam pasir Tablolong dan pasir Koka untuk mengetahui potensi kedua pasir alam ini sebagai penghasil silika dengan kemurnian yang tinggi. Sampel pasir Tablolong dan Koka dambil dan dibersihkan, dicuci dengan akuades, kemudian dikeringkan pada suhu 150 0C selama 8 jam untuk menghilangkan kadar airnya. Sampel kemudian dihaluskan menggunakan mortar selama 30 menit dan disaring menggunakan ayakan 100 mesh. Sampel pasir Tablolong dan Koka ini kemudian diuji XRF dan XRD. Berdasarkan uji XRF, diperoleh kandungan silika dalam pasir Tablolong adalah 34,04% dan pasir Koka sebesar 38,91% dan merupakan senyawa oksida dengan kandungan terbanyak kedua dalam pasir setelah CaO. Hasil uji XRD juga bersesuaian dengan hasil uji XRF, dimana fase dominan dalam pasir Tablolong dan Koka adalah fase kalsit CaCO3 dan fase dominan kedua adalah fase quartz SiO2. Berdasarkan kedua hasil ini, dapat disimpulkan bahwa pasir dari kedua lokasi ini berpotensi sebagai penghasil silika dengan kemurnian tinggi. Oleh karena itu, dapat disarankan untuk mensintesis silika dari kedua lokasi ini menggunakan metode-metode sintesis yang umum seperti metode kopresipitasi dan metode alkali-fusion.
Kata kunci: pasir Tablolong, pasir Koka, silika, XRF, XRD
Abstract
Silica has many applications and therefore research on synthesis of silica from natural resources is important. From their colors, sand from Tablolong dan Koka beach in NTT could have silica with high purity. The aim of the research is to determine silica content in sand from Tablolong and Koka beach to know the potential of the two beaches as silica sources. Sand from the two locations was cleaned, washed and dried at 150 0C for 8 hours. It was then milled for 30 minutes and filtered using 100 mesh filter. After that, it was characterised using XRF and XRD. From the XRF results, silica content in pasir Tablolong was about 34,04% and 38,91% in pasir Koka and was the second largest in terms of compound content, only smaller in percentage than CaO. XRD also confirmed the XRF results, where the dominant phases in the sand were calcite CaCO3 and quartz SiO2. From these results, it can be concluded that sand from Tablolong and Koka beach have potential as natural sources of silica with high purity. Therefore, synthesis of silica with well-known methods such as coprecipitation and alkali-fusion from the two locations is recommended.
Keywords: Tablolong sand, Koka sand, silica, XRF, XRD
NuSTAR Observations of the Supernova Remnant RX J1713.7–3946
Authors: Tsuji Naomi , Uchiyama Yasunobu , Aharonian Felix , Berge David , Higurashi Ryota , Krivonos Roman , Tanaka Takaaki 
Published: May 2019

Abstract
The shock waves of supernova remnants (SNRs) are prominent candidates for the acceleration of the Galactic cosmic rays. SNR RX J1713.7−3946 is one well-studied particle accelerator in our Galaxy because of its strong nonthermal X-ray and gamma-ray radiation. We have performed Nuclear Spectroscopic Telescope Array (3–79 keV) observations of the northwest rim of RX J1713.7−3946, which is the brightest part in X-ray and has a shock speed of about 4000 km s−1. The spatially resolved X-ray emission from RX J1713.7−3946 is detected up to 20 keV for the first time. The hard X-ray image in 10–20 keV is broadly similar to the soft-band image in 3–10 keV. The typical spectrum is described by power-law model with exponential cutoff with the photon index Γ = 2.15 and the cutoff energy ε

c
= 18.8 keV. Using a synchrotron radiation model from accelerated electrons in the loss-limited case, the cutoff energy parameter ranges from 0.6–1.9 keV, varying from region to region. Combined with the previous measurement of the shock speed, the acceleration of electrons is close to the Bohm-limit regime in the outer edge, while the standard picture of accelerated particles limited by synchrotron radiation in SNR shock is not applicable in the inner edge and the filamentary structure.
Study of Time Evolution of the Bend-over Energy in the Energetic Particle Spectrum at a Parallel Shock
Authors: Kong F.-J. , Qin G. , Wu S.-S. , Zhang L.-H. , Wang H.-N. , Chen T. , Sun P. 
Published: May 2019

Abstract
Shock acceleration is considered one of the most important mechanisms for the acceleration of astrophysical energetic particles. In this work, we calculate the trajectories of a large number of test charged particles accurately in a parallel shock with magnetic turbulence. We investigate the time evolution of the accelerated particle energy spectrum in the downstream of the shock, in order to understand the acceleration mechanism of energetic particles. From simulation results we obtain power-law energy spectra with a bend-over energy, E
0, increasing with time. With the particle mean acceleration time and mean momentum change during each cycle of the shock crossing from the diffusive shock acceleration model (following Drury), a time-dependent differential equation for the maximum energy, E
acc, of particles accelerated at the shock can be approximately obtained. We assume the theoretical bend-over energy as E
acc. It is found that the bend-over energy from simulations agrees well with the theoretical bend-over energy using the nonlinear diffusion theory, NLGCE-F, in contrast to that using the classic quasi-linear theory.
A High-order Weighted Finite Difference Scheme with a Multistate Approximate Riemann Solver for Divergence-free Magnetohydrodynamic Simulations
Authors: Minoshima Takashi , Miyoshi Takahiro , Matsumoto Yosuke 
Published: May 2019

Abstract
We design a conservative finite difference scheme for ideal magnetohydrodynamic simulations that attains high-order accuracy, shock-capturing, and a divergence-free condition of the magnetic field. The scheme interpolates pointwise physical variables from computational nodes to midpoints through a high-order nonlinear weighted average. The numerical flux is evaluated at the midpoint by a multistate approximate Riemann solver for correct upwinding, and its spatial derivative is approximated by a high-order linear central difference to update the variables with the designed order of accuracy and conservation. The magnetic and electric fields are defined at staggered grid points employed in the constrained transport (CT) method by Evans & Hawley. We propose a new CT variant, in which the staggered electric field is evaluated so as to be consistent with the base one-dimensional Riemann solver, and the staggered magnetic field is updated to be divergence-free as designed by the high-order finite difference representation. We demonstrate various benchmark tests to measure the performance of the present scheme. We discuss the effect of the choice of interpolation methods, Riemann solvers, and the treatment for the divergence-free condition on the quality of numerical solutions in detail.
X-Ray Transients from the Accretion-induced Collapse of White Dwarfs
Authors: Yu Yun-Wei , Chen Aming , Li Xiang-Dong 
Published: May 2019

Abstract
The accretion-induced collapse (AIC) of a white dwarf in a binary with a nondegenerate companion can sometimes lead to the formation of a rapidly rotating and highly magnetized neutron star (NS). The spin-down of this NS can drive a powerful pulsar wind (PW) and bring out some detectable multi-wavelength emissions. On the one hand, the PW can evaporate the companion in a few days to form a torus surrounding the NS. Then, due to the blockage of the PW by the torus, a reverse shock can be formed in the wind to generate intense hard X-rays. This emission component disappears in a few weeks’ time, after the torus is broken down at its inner boundary and scoured into a very thin disk. On the other hand, the interaction between the PW with an AIC ejecta can lead to a termination shock of the wind, which can produce a long-lasting soft X-ray emission component. In any case, the high-energy emissions from deep inside the system can be detected only after the AIC ejecta becomes transparent for X-rays. Meanwhile, by absorbing the X-rays, the AIC ejecta can be heated effectively and generate a fast-evolving and luminous ultraviolet (UV)/optical transient. Therefore, the predicted hard and soft X-ray emissions, associated by an UV/optical transient, provide a clear observational signature for identifying AIC events in current and future observations (e.g., AT 2018cow).
The Main Sequence at z ∼ 1.3 Contains a Sizable Fraction of Galaxies with Compact Star Formation Sizes: A New Population of Early Post-starbursts?
Authors: Puglisi A. , Daddi E. , Liu D. , Bournaud F. , Silverman J. D. , Circosta C. , Calabrò A. , Aravena M. , Cibinel A. , Dannerbauer H. , Delvecchio I. , Elbaz D. , Gao Y. , Gobat R. , Jin S. , Floc’h E. Le , Magdis G. E. , Mancini C. , Riechers D. A. , Rodighiero G. , Sargent M. , Valentino F. , Zanisi L. 
Published: May 2019

Abstract
Atacama Large Millimeter/submillimeter Array (ALMA) measurements for 93 Herschel-selected galaxies at 1.1 ≤ z ≤ 1.7 in COSMOS reveal a sizable (>29%) population with compact star formation (SF) sizes, lying on average >×3.6 below the optical stellar mass (M
⋆)–size relation of disks. This sample widely spans the star-forming main sequence (MS), having 108 ≤ M
⋆ ≤ 1011.5
M
⊙ and 20 ≤ star formation rate (SFR) ≤ 680 M
⊙ yr−1. The 32 size measurements and 61 upper limits are measured on ALMA images that combine observations of CO(5–4), CO(4–3), CO(2–1), and λ
obs ∼ 1.1–1.3 mm continuum, all tracing the star-forming molecular gas. These compact galaxies have instead normally extended K
band sizes, suggesting strong specific SFR gradients. Compact galaxies comprise the 50 ± 18% of MS galaxies at M
⋆ > 1011
M
⊙. This is not expected in standard bimodal scenarios, where MS galaxies are mostly steadily growing extended disks. We suggest that compact MS objects are early post-starburst galaxies in which the merger-driven boost of SF has subsided. They retain their compact SF size until either further gas accretion restores premerger galaxy-wide SF, or until becoming quenched. The fraction of merger-affected SF inside the MS seems thus larger than anticipated and might reach ∼50% at the highest M
⋆. The presence of large galaxies above the MS demonstrates an overall poor correlation between galaxy SF size and specific SFR.
Constraining Collapsar r-process Models through Stellar Abundances
Authors: Macias Phillip , Ramirez-Ruiz Enrico 
Published: May 2019

Abstract
We use observations of heavy elements in very metal-poor stars ([Fe/H] < −2.5) in order to place constraints on the viability of collapsar models as a significant source of the r-process. We combine bipolar explosion nucleosynthesis calculations with recent disk calculations to make predictions of the observational imprints that these explosions would leave on very metal-poor stars. We find that a source of low (≈0.1–0.5

) Fe mass, which also yields a relatively high (>0.08

) r-process mass, would, after subsequently mixing and forming new stars, result in [r/Fe] abundances up to three orders of magnitude higher than those seen in stars. In order to match inferred abundances, 10–103

of Fe would need be efficiently incorporated into the r-process ejecta. We show that Fe enhancement, and hence [r/Fe] dilution from other nearby supernovae, is not able to explain the observations unless significant inflow of pristine gas occurs before the ejecta are able to form new stars. Finally, we show that the inferred [Eu/Fe] abundances require levels of gas mixing that are in conflict with other properties of r-process enhanced metal-poor stars. Our results suggest that early r-process production is likely to be spatially uncorrelated with Fe production, a condition that can be satisfied by neutron star mergers due to their large kick velocities and purely r-process yields.
ALMA Detection of Dark Chromospheric Holes in the Quiet Sun
Authors: Loukitcheva Maria A. , White Stephen M. , Solanki Sami K. 
Published: May 2019

Abstract
We present Atacama Large Millimeter/submillimeter Array (ALMA) observations of a quiet-Sun region at a wavelength of 3 mm, obtained during the first solar ALMA cycle on 2017 April 27, and compare them with available chromospheric observations in the UV and visible as well as with photospheric magnetograms. ALMA images clearly reveal the presence of distinct particularly dark/cool areas in the millimeter maps with temperatures as low as 60% of the normal quiet Sun at 3 mm, which are not seen in the other data. We speculate that ALMA is sensing cool chromospheric gas, whose presence had earlier been inferred from infrared CO spectra.
Exil : le cas des poètes yiddish américains
Authors: Schumacher-Brunhes Marie 
Published: May 2019

Transposée au cas de la poésie yiddish américaine, la question de l’exil, qui est explorée ici dans le face-à-face de trois générations d’écrivains yiddishophones avec l’Amérique, peut être qualifiée d’écliptique : masquée par le référent de l’immigration chez les poètes prolétariens, ignorée crânement par les Yunge qui disent leur fascination pour le Nouveau Monde dans la langue de l’Art pour l’Art, oubliée dans la surenchère moderniste des Introspectivistes qui produisent une poésie authentique nourrie d’Amérique, elle ne cesse pourtant de réapparaître, alimentée par le sentiment d’aliénation que génère chez les poètes l’acculturation du lectorat yiddishophone et par les signaux contrastés qu’envoie le Vieux Monde. Dans ce paysage, l’œuvre de Kadia Molodowsky, d’emblée saturée d’exils, apparaît comme atypique.
PRESENTING A NEW DECISION SUPPORT SYSTEM FOR SCREENING PARKINSON’S DISEASE PATIENTS USING SYMLET WAVELET
Authors: Sarbaz Yashar , Abedi Behzad 
Published: May 2019

Objective: Parkinson’s Disease (PD) is a neurodegenerative disease that is categorized by tremor, rigidity, and bradykinesia. Currently, there is no standard method to diagnose patients with PD. One of the common symptoms of PD is gait disorders which are caused by rigid muscles. Gait disorders may start some years before disease diagnosis. Therefore, better understanding of the gait signal can lead to early diagnosis of PD. Methods: Computer-aided system has been useful in early detection of PD symptoms. In the present study, gait disturbances have received attention as potential biomarkers for early diagnosing of PD. Time and frequency analysis of gait signals together can provide more useful information. Wavelet-based features were extracted from stride, swing and double support time signals of healthy subjects and PD patients. These signals were decomposed into five levels using “sym4” wavelet. Mean and standard deviation (SD) of the absolute values of the approximation and detailed coefficients at each level were computed. Then final features were picked accordingly to obtain the best result for the classification. Results: Support Vector Machine (SVM) was employed for classification of patients and healthy people. The classifier performance was measured based on accuracy, sensitivity and specificity. The classifier performance is obtained with 93.3% accuracy employing linear kernel. Conclusions: The proposed system can be employed as a Decision Support Systems (DSSs) for early diagnosing of PD. Presenting DSSs can be employed to screen suspected cases of PD disease for further evaluation. Studying large number of patients and healthy subjects may lead to more precise study on PD. Also, it seems that using other different classifiers, along with our features, can reduce the diagnosis error.
General Guidelines for the Conversion of Damages Calculated in Foreign Currency: Tort Claims
Authors: Avalos Antonio 
Published: May 2019

Abstract
This paper contributes to the debate about determining the proper procedures for the conversion of damages calculated in foreign currency into U.S. dollars by offering general guidelines applicable to tort claims. The analysis expands beyond the typical discussion of selecting the appropriate conversion date by examining other relevant economic factors such as exchange rate risk allocation, the application of an adequate interest rate for the calculation of pre- and post-judgment interest, and the implications of the currency in which the plaintiff suffers the loss. While aiming at properly and fairly compensating the plaintiff as the essential goal of the law on damages, the general guidelines for damages conversion presented rely more on economic principles than on legal arguments.