bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
'New wave' revolution in city-focused, closed environment food production.
Authors: Mathews J. A. 
Published: June 2018

Abstract
A new wave of city-focused food production, variously known as 'plant factories' (vegetable factories or fruit factories), or 'vertical farming' or simply as 'closed environment agriculture' (CEA) is sweeping the world. As opposed to open-air agriculture, with its vulnerability to seasonal disturbances, its high dependence on water and chemicals as fertilizers, herbicides and pesticides, all with uncontrolled run-off, the new approach is based on contained systems, utilizing renewable resources and recycling, and producing sustainable yields that can scale up to cope with surging urbanization and growth in global population. This article reviews the developments worldwide in CEA and identifies the main features, which are fivefold: (1) producing more with less, (2) continuously, (3) with clean practices, (4) in a controlled environment and (5) with an urban focus. The article develops an argument as to why the new wave resembles manufacturing more than traditional agriculture, and enjoys cost and efficiency gains that are likely to prove decisive in competition with traditional food production methods, particularly as the wave diffuses beyond leafy vegetables to encompass fruit vegetables, fruits, berries, fish and seafood and eventually staple crops starting with rice.
Carbon pricing for climate change mitigation.
Authors: Timilsina G. R. 
Published: June 2018

Abstract
Carbon pricing, which includes carbon tax, emission trading systems and carbon offset mechanisms, is the main economic instrument to reduce greenhouse gases (GHG) emissions responsible for global climate change. The academic literature on carbon pricing is rich due to hundreds of studies carried out over the last four decades. Its implementation in practice is limited. However, over the last few years, particularly after the Paris Climate Agreement, carbon pricing has attracted much attention from national/sub-national governments, the corporate world and international development communities. More than 80 countries who signed the Paris Climate Agreement are considering carbon pricing as a potential option to achieve their GHG mitigation targets. This paper briefly introduces carbon pricing concept, major issues related to it, key messages produced by the rich literature and status of its implementation in practice around the world.
Relationship between organizational socialization and attitudes and behaviours in volunteers: the importance of organizational justice / Relación entre la socialización organizacional y las actitudes y conductas en el voluntariado: la importancia de la justicia organizacional
Authors: Aranda Mercedes , Marcos Alexandra , Topa Gabriela 
Published: June 2018

This study explores the influences of organizational socialization on the intention to stay and innovative behaviours using a two-time design with a sample ( N = 308) of volunteers who provide advice and guidance. Furthermore, it analyses the mediating role of perceptions of organizational justice on the relationships between socialization and results. Our findings support the proposed hypotheses; that is, they showed that the higher the organizational socialization, the higher the intention to stay and the more innovative behaviour shown by the volunteers, and that both effects are mediated by the perceived organizational justice. The practical implications are discussed.
RNA/DNA structures recognized by RNase H2
Authors: Kojima Kenji , Baba Misato , Tsukiashi Motoki , Nishimura Takuto , Yasukawa Kiyoshi 
Published: June 2018

AbstractRibonuclease H (RNase H) [EC 3.1.26.4] is an enzyme that specifically degrades RNA from RNA/DNA hybrids. Since its discovery in 1969, the enzyme has been extensively studied for its catalytic mechanism and physiological role. RNase H has been classified into two major families, Type 1 and Type 2. Type 1 enzymes are designated RNase HI in prokaryotes and RNase H1 in eukaryotes, while Type 2 enzymes are designated RNase HII in prokaryotes and RNase H2 in eukaryotes. Type 2 enzymes are able to cleave the 5′-phosphodiester bond of one ribonucleotide embedded in a DNA double strand. Recent studies have shown that RNase H2 is involved in excision of a single ribonucleotide embedded in genomic DNA and removal of an R-loop formed in cells. It is also involved in double-strand break of DNA and its repair. In this review, we aim to outline the structures recognized by RNase H2.
runibic: a Bioconductor package for parallel row-based biclustering of gene expression data
Authors: Orzechowski Patryk , Pańszczyk Artur , Huang Xiuzhen , Moore Jason H 
Published: June 2018

AbstractMotivationBiclustering is an unsupervised technique of simultaneous clustering of rows and columns of input matrix. With multiple biclustering algorithms proposed, UniBic remains one of the most accurate methods developed so far.ResultsIn this paper we introduce a Bioconductor package called runibic with parallel implementation of UniBic. For the convenience the algorithm was reimplemented, parallelized and wrapped within an R package called runibic. The package includes: (i) a couple of times faster parallel version of the original sequential algorithm, (ii) much more efficient memory management, (iii) modularity which allows to build new methods on top of the provided one and (iv) integration with the modern Bioconductor packages such as SummarizedExperiment, ExpressionSet and biclust.Availability and implementationThe package is implemented in R and is available from Bioconductor (starting from version 3.6) at the following URL http://bioconductor.org/packages/runibic with installation instructions and tutorial.Supplementary informationSupplementary data are available at Bioinformatics online.
Intensity Specific Repetitive Mild Traumatic Brain Injury Evokes an Exacerbated Burden of Neocortical Axonal Injury
Authors: Ogino Yasuaki , Vascak Michal , Povlishock John T 
Published: June 2018

AbstractMild traumatic brain injury (mTBI) has been linked to enduring neurological damage following repetitive injury. Previously, we reported that intensity-specific, repetitive mTBI exacerbated microvascular and axonal damage in brainstem. For a more rigorous and global assessment, we assessed the burden of neocortical diffuse axonal injury (DAI) evoked by repetitive mTBI. Mice were subjected to mild central fluid percussion injuries at 1.4 and 1.6 atm with or without repetitive insult at a 3-hour interval and killed at 24 hours postinjury. Neocortical DAI within layer V was quantitatively assessed by double-labeling p-c-Jun and NeuN to identify both the axotomized and total neuronal population. Both confocal and electron microscopic findings revealed no apparent evidence of neuronal death. Repetitive mTBI of 1.6 atm group, but not of 1.4 atm group, demonstrated a significantly higher proportion of axotomized neurons. These results demonstrate that different intensities of mTBI induced different burdens of DAI after repetitive insult. Interestingly, the parallel loss of the righting reflex reflected differences in injury intensity, yet the duration of this reflex was not elongated by the repetitive insult. These data highlight some of the complex issues surrounding repetitive mTBI and its associated morbidity, mandating the need for continued exploration.
Impact of Aneurysm Multiplicity on Treatment and Outcome After Aneurysmal Subarachnoid Hemorrhage
Authors: Roethlisberger Michel , Achermann Rita , Bawarjan Schatlo , Stienen Martin N , Fung Christian , D’Alonzo Donato , Maldaner Nicolai , Ferrari Andrea , Corniola Marco V , Schöni Daniel , Goldberg Johannes , Valsecchi Daniele , Robert Thomas , Maduri Rodolfo , Seule Martin A , Burkhardt Jan-Karl , Marbacher Serge , Bijlenga Philippe , Blackham Kristine A , Bucher Heiner C , Mariani Luigi , Guzman Raphael , Zumofen Daniel W ,   Swiss SOS group
Published: June 2018

Abstract

BACKGROUND
One-third of patients with aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage (aSAH) have multiple intracranial aneurysms (MIA).

OBJECTIVE
To determine the predictors of outcome in aSAH patients with MIA compared to aSAH patients with a single intracranial aneurysm (SIA).

METHODS
The Swiss Study of Subarachnoid Hemorrhage dataset 2009-2014 was used to evaluate outcome in aSAH patients with MIA compared to patients with SIA with the aid of descriptive and multivariate regression analysis. The primary endpoints of this cohort study were presence of new stroke on computed tomography (CT) after aneurysm treatment, and presence of stroke on CT prior to discharge. The secondary endpoints were the clinical and the functional status, and the overall mortality at discharge and at 1 yr.

RESULTS
Among 1689 consecutive patients, 467 had MIA (prevalence: 26.4%). The incidence of stroke was higher in the MIA than in the SIA group, both after aneurysm treatment (19.3% vs 15.1%) and at discharge (24% vs 21.4%). However, the 95% confidence interval (CI) for the corresponding odds ratio (OR) in our multivariate model included 1, indicating that the detected trends did not reach statistical significance. As for the secondary endpoints, aneurysm multiplicity was found to be an independent, statistically significant predictor for occurrence of a new focal neurological deficit between admission and discharge (OR 1.40, 95% CI 1.08-1.81). Yet, the MIA and SIA groups did not differ in terms of either functional outcome or overall survival.

CONCLUSION
aSAH patients with MIA have a higher short-term morbidity than patients with SIA. This excess morbidity does not worsen the functional outcome or lower overall survival.
Earth’s atmosphere’s lowest layers probed during a lunar eclipse
Authors: Kawauchi Kiyoe , Narita Norio , Sato Bun’ei , Hirano Teruyuki , Kawashima Yui , Nakamoto Taishi , Yamashita Takuya , Tamura Motohide 
Published: June 2018

Abstract
We report the results of detailed investigation of the Earth’s transmission spectra during the lunar eclipse on UT 2011 December 10. The spectra were taken by using the High Dispersion Spectrograph (HDS) mounted on the Subaru 8.2 m telescope with unprecedented resolution in both time and wavelength (300 s exposure time in umbra and 160000 spectral resolution, respectively). In our penumbra and umbra data, we detected the individual absorption lines of $\rm O_2$ and $\rm H_2O$ in transmission spectra and found that they became deeper as the eclipse became deeper. This indicates that the sunlight reaching the Moon passed through lower layers of the Earth’s atmosphere with time, because we monitored a given point on the Moon during the full eclipse duration. From the comparison between the observed and theoretically constructed transmission spectra, the lowest altitude at which the sunlight actually passed through the atmosphere is estimated to be about 10 km from the ground, which suggests the existence of sunlight-blocking clouds below that altitude. Our result can be a test case for future investigations of the atmospheric structure of Earth-like exoplanets via transmission spectroscopy including the refraction effect of the planetary atmosphere.
Rational engineering of photosynthetic electron flux enhances light-powered cytochrome P450 activity
Authors: Berepiki Adokiye , Gittins John R , Moore C Mark , Bibby Thomas S 
Published: June 2018

AbstractIn this study, we exploited a modified photosynthetic electron transfer chain (PET) in the model cyanobacterium Synechococcus PCC 7002, where electrons derived from water-splitting are used to power reactions catalyzed by a heterologous cytochrome P450 (CYP1A1). A simple in vivo fluorescent assay for CYP1A1 activity was employed to determine the impact of rationally engineering of photosynthetic electron flow. This showed that knocking out a subunit of the type I NADH dehydrogenase complex (NDH-1), suggested to be involved in cyclic photosynthetic electron flow (ΔndhD2), can double the activity of CYP1A1, with a concomitant increase in the flux of electrons from photosynthesis. This also resulted in an increase in cellular adenosine triphosphate (ATP) and the ATP/nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate (NADPH) ratio, suggesting that expression of a heterologous electron sink in photosynthetic organisms can be used to modify the bioenergetic landscape of the cell. We therefore demonstrate that CYP1A1 is limited by electron supply and that photosynthesis can be re-engineered to increase heterologous P450 activity for the production of high-value bioproducts. The increase in cellular ATP achieved could be harnessed to support metabolically demanding heterologous processes. Furthermore, this experimental system could provide valuable insights into the mechanisms of photosynthesis.
Outcomes of Treatment with Low-Intensity Pulsed Ultrasound After Opening Wedge High Tibial Osteotomy
Authors: Kumagai Ken , Akamatsu Yasushi , Shunsuke Yamada 
Published: June 2018

Objective:
We have retrospectively reviewed the outcomes of treatment with low-intensity pulsed ultrasound (LIPUS) in patients who underwent opening wedge high tibial osteotomy (OWHTO).

Materials and Methods:
Twenty-two knees of 20 patients, mean age of 64 years, were treated with LIPUS after OWHTO using artificial bone substitute. LIPUS treatment was performed in 7 knees with lateral cortical fracture, 11 knees with delayed union around artificial bone substitute, 3 knees with removal of plate and bone graft due to infection, and 1 knee with revision surgery due to breakage of plate. Duration of LIPUS treatment, standing femorotibial angle (FTA), and bone union were assessed.

Results:
Duration of LIPUS treatment was 131 ± 50 days in fracture group, 293 ± 88 days in delayed union group (P < 0.05). Standing FTA at pre- and post-treatment was 168.3 ± 3.1 and 168.4 ± 2.8 degrees in fracture group, and 168.3 ± 3.0 and 169.0 ± 3.0 degrees in delayed union group. There was no case with over 3 degrees of correction loss. Bone union was confirmed in all cases and plate was removed.

Discussion:
The findings suggested that LIPUS treatment was effective in patients after OWHTO. It should be elucidated whether LIPUS shortens the time to bone union around artificial bone substitute after OWHTO.
Effect of Low-Intensity Pulsed Ultrasound on Bone Healing at Osteotomy Sites After Open Wedge High Tibial Osteotomy
Authors: Goshima Kenichi , Sawaguchi Takeshi , Shigemoto Kenji , Iwai Sintaro , Fujita Kenji , Yamamuro Yuki 
Published: June 2018

Objective:
The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effects of low-intensity pulsed ultrasound (LIPUS) on bone healing at osteotomy sites after open wedge high tibial osteotomy (OWHTO).

Materials and Methods:
Fifty-four patients underwent OWHTO without bone grafting. Twenty-seven cases treated with LIPUS (group L) after surgery were compared with 27 cases without LIPUS treatment (group C). We divided the osteotomy gap into the lateral hinge and 4 zones on anteroposterior radiography, and the progression of gap filling was evaluated at 1, 3, and 6 months post-operatively in both groups.

Results:
In group L, the lateral hinge formed a union at 3 months postoperatively in 23 knees (85.2%). At 6 months, gap filling in 17 knees (63%) reached to zone 2. In group C, while the lateral hinge formed a union at 3 months postoperatively in 24 knees (88.9%). At 6 months, gap filling in 14 knees (51.9%) reached to zone 2. The progression of gap filling were 6.5%, 15.7%, and 29.1% (at 1, 3, and 6 months after surgery, respectively) in group L, while the progress levels at the same time points were 6.9%, 16.4%, and 27.3% in group C. There were no significant differences between the 2 groups.

Discussion:
LIPUS did not accelerate bone healing after OWHTO.
Ulipristal Acetate for Treatment of Symptomatic Uterine Leiomyomas: A Randomized Controlled Trial
Authors: Simon James A. , Catherino William , Segars James H. , Blakesley Rick E. , Chan Anna , Sniukiene Vilma , Al-Hendy Ayman 
Published: June 2018

(Abstracted from Obstet Gynecol 2018;131:431–439)
Uterine leiomyomas are common among women of reproductive age in the United States, occurring in up to 70% of white women and more than 80% of black women. Approximately 25% to 50% of women with leiomyomas have abnormal bleeding and other clinical symptoms that interfere with daily activities and negatively affect their quality of life.
Motion Analysis in Lumbar Spinal Stenosis With Degenerative Spondylolisthesis
Authors: Försth Peter , Svedmark Per , Noz Marilyn E. , Maguire Gerald Q. , Zeleznik Mike P. , Sandén Bengt 
Published: June 2018

Study Design:
This was a randomized radiologic biomechanical pilot study in vivo.

Objective:
The objectives of this study was to evaluate if 3-dimensional computed tomography is a feasible tool in motion analyses of the lumbar spine and to study if preservation of segmental midline structures offers less postoperative instability compared with central decompression in patients with lumbar spinal stenosis with degenerative spondylolisthesis.

Summary of Background Data:
The role of segmental instability after decompression is controversial. Validated techniques for biomechanical evaluation of segmental motion in human live subjects are lacking.

Methods:
In total, 23 patients (mean age, 68 y) with typical symptoms and magnetic resonance imaging findings of spinal stenosis with degenerative spondylolisthesis (>3 mm) in 1 or 2 adjacent lumbar levels from L3 to L5 were included. They were randomized to either laminectomy (LE) or bilateral laminotomy (LT) (preservation of the midline structures). Documentation of segmental motion was made preoperatively and 6 months postoperatively with CT in provoked flexion and extension. Analyses of movements were performed with validated software. The accuracy for this method is 0.6 mm in translation and 1 degree in rotation. Patient-reported outcome measures were collected from the Swespine register preoperatively and 2-year postoperatively.

Results:
The mean preoperative values for 3D rotation and translation were 6.2 degrees and 1.8 mm. The mean increase in 3D rotation 6 months after surgery was 0.25 degrees after LT and 0.7 degrees after LE (P=0.79) while the mean increase in 3D translation was 0.15 mm after LT and 1.1 mm after LE (P=0.42). Both surgeries demonstrated significant improvement in patient-reported outcome measures 2 years postoperatively.

Conclusions:
The 3D computed tomography technique proved to be a feasible tool in the evaluation of segmental motion in this group of older patients. There was negligible increase in segmental motion after decompressive surgery. LE with removal of the midline structures did not create a greater instability compared with when these structures were preserved.
Muir–Torre Syndrome: A Case Report in a Woman Without Personal Cancer History
Authors: Torre Kristin , Ricketts Janelle , Dadras Soheil S. 
Published: June 2018

Abstract:
We report a case of a 68-year-old white woman presenting with 5 sebaceous neoplasms, ranging from sebaceous adenoma to sebaceoma on histopathology. Despite the lack of a personal cancer history, her multiple sebaceous neoplasms and a paternal history of colon cancer prompted testing her sebaceous adenomas for microsatellite instability (MSI) by immunohistochemistry. The results showed retained nuclear expressions of MLH1 and PMS2 while MSH2 and MSH6 proteins were absent. The tumor infiltrating lymphocytes expressed both MSH2 and MSH6, providing reliable internal positive controls. Having a high probability for MSI, she was found to be heterozygous for a germline point mutation in MSH2 gene, where a pathologic variant, c.1165C > T (p.Arg389*), determined by sequencing confirmed Muir–Torre syndrome (MTS). On further genetic counseling recommendations, one of her 2 sons was found to have colon cancer in the context of his MTS. In this article, we highlight and review the implications of MSI testing by both immunohistochemistry and sequencing as they relate to confirming the diagnosis of a suspected case of MTS.
Differences in Postinjury Psychological Symptoms Between Collegiate Athletes With Concussions and Orthopedic Injuries
Authors: Guo Jinhong , Yang Jingzhen , Yi Honggang , Singichetti Bhavna , Stavrinos Despina , Peek-Asa Corinne 
Published: June 2018

Objective:
To describe the differences in postinjury psychological symptoms among Division I collegiate student athletes who sustained concussions versus orthopedic injures and to examine the effects of injury type on postinjury psychological symptoms during the course of recovery.

Design:
A prospective cohort study with repeated measures.

Setting:
Two Big 10 Conference universities.

Participants:
Student athletes who were at least 18 years old and participated in one of 9 National Collegiate Athletic Association (NCAA) Division I–sponsored sports during the 2007 to 2011 seasons.

Main Outcome Measures:
Baseline depressive symptoms and anxiety were measured at enrollment. On identification of an eligible injury, follow-up surveys were conducted among injured athletes at multiple intervals until the injured athlete returned to play. Depressive symptoms, anxiety, fear of return-to-play, and fear of reinjury were measured at the postinjury follow-ups.

Results:
The concussion group had significantly lower scores of fear of return-to-play (B = −0.94, P = 0.0278) and fear of reinjury (B = −1.11, P = 0.0152) compared with the orthopedic injury group. The concussion group scored higher on depressive symptoms than the orthopedic injury group at 1 month after injury (P = 0.0264), although both groups scored similarly at baseline (P = 0.9729) and at 1 week after injury (P = 0.1475).

Conclusions:
Patterns of psychological disturbance differ after concussions and orthopedic injures. Further research is warranted to identify the factors contributing to these differences and to develop effective intervention programs to prevent these symptoms.
Meta-Analysis of the Surgical and Rehabilitative Outcomes of Hip Arthroscopy in Athletes With Femoroacetabular Impingement
Authors: Lovett-Carter Danielle , Jawanda Amritpal S. , Hannigan Ailish 
Published: June 2018

Objectives:
Femoroacetabular impingement (FAI) poses a threat to athletes' capacity to compete. This review aims to estimate the rate of return to sport after hip arthroscopy for treatment of FAI as well as identify factors that may affect athletes' outcomes.

Design:
Meta-analysis.

Methods:
Four databases (EMBASE, PubMed, Web of Science, and Cochrane) were searched in July 2015 by 2 reviewers. Studies were required to include athletes who were treated with hip arthroscopy for symptomatic FAI and also report return to sport as an outcome. A validated tool was used for quality assessment and level of agreement between raters was calculated. A meta-analysis for proportions returning to sport was performed on the available data using MedCalc software. Additional outcomes were descriptively analyzed.

Results:
A total of 15 case series involving 823 patients were included in the review, with moderate to high methodological quality. 88.3% [95% confidence interval (CI), 83.4%-92.4%] of athletes returned to sport after arthroscopy and 85.3% (95% CI, 77.6%-91.6%) returned to preinjury level. All outcome measures used reported measurable improvements. Complication rates were low.

Conclusions:
The majority of athletes return to sport after hip arthroscopy for symptomatic FAI. Severity of intraarticular damage and degree of degenerative changes affect ability to return to sport. Additional validated outcome measures should be used together with return to sport. Future studies should be prospective with longer-term follow-up to provide a higher level of evidence for outcomes.