bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Analisis Sebaran Tipe dan Performa Mutu Fisik Kakao pada Tiga Rentang Elevasi
Authors: Hatmi Retno Utami , Ainuri Makhmudun , Sukartiko Anggoro Cahyo 
Published: July 2018

<em>Cacao genotype most cultivated in Indonesia divided into three main groups, namely </em><em>Criollo</em>, <em>Forastero</em>, and <em>Trinitari. Beside genetical factor, the pod and beans qualities are also strongly influenced by the environment in which the plant grows. The research aimed to analyze the types and physical qualities of the pod and bean from Patuk, Gunungkidul at three elevations range (154.00–267.20, 302.00–401.00, and 469.20–657.90 m above sea level/asl). The research was conducted at smallholder plantations in Patuk District, Gunungkidul, Yogyakarta from September until Desember 2017. As many as 40–42 samples were randomly taken from each elevation range and analyzed by descriptive statistic and one-way anova. The parameters observed were cocoa types identification (Criollo, Forastero, and Trinitario), pod’s physical quality (fresh weight of fruits, length to width ratio, fresh weight of beans, number of beans, and fresh weight of one bean), and bean’s physical quality (thickness, length/width ratio, dry weight of one bean, and number of beans in 100 g). The results showed that Trinitario cacao type dominates at elevation range of 154.00–267.20 m asl, while Forastero dominates at elevation range of 302.00–401.00 and 469.20–657.90 m asl. The pod physical qualities of Criollo, Forastero, and Trinitario showed highest fresh weight per bean at 469.20–657.90 m asl compared to those at lower elevation (increased 19.05%–31.94%). At elevation of 469.2–657.9 m asl, Forastero shown higher beans physical quality at all variables, whereas Criollo was significantly higher dry weight per bean and number of beans per 100 g, and Trinitario shown significantly higher bean thickness.</em>
Benzothiazol Clubbed Imidazol-4-ones as Anti-fungal, Anti-tubercular and Anti-HIV-1 Agents: Their Synthesis and Molecular Docking Study
Authors: Patel Navin B. , Shaikh Asif R. , Patel Vatsal M. , Lara-Ramirez Edgar E. , Rivera Gildardo 
Published: July 2018

Background:The present work describes antimicrobial, antimycobacterium and anti HIV-1 evaluation of newly synthesized 5-(4-Substituted-benzylidene)-3-[4-(5-methyl-benzothiazol- 2-yl)-phenyl]-2-phenyl-3,5-dihydro-imidazol-4-one (4a-o). The docking studies were performed in order to predict the potential binding affinities.Objective:The major aim of this study is to develop the new class of bezylidine candidate clubbed with benzothiazole with less toxicity and improved potency as antimicrobial, antitubercular and anti HIV-1.Methods:The titled compounds were characterized by spectral studies (IR, 1H NMR, 13C NMR and Mass). In vitro antimycobacterium activity was carried out using Lowenstein-Jensen medium method and antimicrobial activity using the broth microdilution method. The anti HIV-1 reverse transcriptase activity was determined by the colorimetric MTT method and inhibition of virusinduced cytopathogenicity in MT-4 cells.Results:Compound 4i (50 &#181;M) showed better antifungal activity against A. clavatus. Compound 4g (50 &#181;M) with 95% inhibition demonstrated good activity against M. tuberculosis H37Rv. Compound 4k showed CC50 (50 &#181;M) against MT-4 (CD4+ Human T-cells containing an integrated HTLV-1 genome) cells by 50%, while 16 &#181;M concentration value EC50 from the HIV-1 induced cytopathogenicity. Molecular docking study suggested that 4k interacted with the target with binding energy by Vina score (-10.3 Kcal/mol).Conclusion:The preliminary in vitro evaluation results revealed that some of the compounds have promising antimicrobial activities as well as antitubercular potency. Among the various substituents on benzylidene, the nitro group was the most beneficial for improving the anti-HIV-1 activity. Docking result suggested that 4k compound could be acting as a non-competitive or weak inhibitor of Reverse Transcriptase (RT).
Therapeutic Targeting of Chemokines and Chemokine Receptors in Multiple Sclerosis: Opportunities and Challenges
Authors: Sadeghian-Rizi Tahereh , Khanahmad Hossein , Jahanian-Najafabadi Ali 
Published: July 2018

Background & Objective: Multiple sclerosis is an autoimmune demyelinating disease of the
human central nervous system with still unknown etiology. Infiltration, accumulation and activation of
autoreactive T cells, macrophages and other inflammatory immune cells in the CNS are the crucial
steps in MS neuropathogenesis and development. Chemokines and their receptors play the main role
in the attraction of the pathogenic cells into the CNS in MS. Specific chemokines and chemokine receptors
are up-regulated in the actively demyelinating lesions and cerebrospinal fluid of MS patients.
Many medical studies investigated how changes in levels or activities of chemokines and their receptors
are implicated in leukocyte migration into CNS and consequently causing MS. These chemokines
and their receptors are under intense focus to introduce new therapeutic strategies for MS.

Conclusion:
The aim of this review is to summarize previous findings on the relationship between
chemokines network and MS development. Furthermore, opportunities and challenges in the chemokine
system intervention as a potential therapeutic target for the treatment of MS will be outlined.
Three-dimensional assessment of the middle cranial fossa and central skull base following Herbst appliance treatment
Authors: Okano Karine Sayure , Cevidanes Lucia Helena Soares , Cheib Paula Loureiro , de Oliveira Ruellas Antonio Carlos , Yatabe Marília , Nguyen Tung , Franchi Lorenzo , McNamara James A. , Souki Bernardo Quiroga 
Published: July 2018

ABSTRACT

Objectives:
The purpose of this three-dimensional (3D) study was to assess retrospectively the middle cranial fossa and central skull base of patients treated with the Herbst appliance (HA).

Materials and Methods:
3D surface virtual models of 40 Class II, division 1 malocclusion patients were generated from cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT) acquired before treatment (T0) and after 8 months of HA treatment (T1). T0 and T1 3D models were superimposed volumetrically at the anterior cranial fossa. Twenty subjects who had been treated with the Herbst appliance (HAG) were compared to 20 subjects who were not treated orthopedically. The latter group served as a comparison control group (CG). Quantitative assessments of the location and directional changes were made with linear and angular measurements between anatomical landmarks. Qualitative assessments of the spatial behavior of the middle cranial fossa and central skull base relative to the anterior cranial fossa were displayed graphically for visualization with color maps and semitransparent overlays. Non-parametric tests were performed to compare the between the HAG and CG.

Results:
Point-to-point linear measurements and skeletal rotation (pitch, roll, and yaw) changes were very small along the observational period and were not significantly different between HAG and CG. Visual analysis of color maps and overlays confirmed that no changes in the cranial base were associated with HA.

Conclusions:
HA therapy did not produce clinically significant changes in the middle cranial fossa and central skull base.
A comparison of Nordic Red, Holstein-Friesian and Finnish native cattle bulls for beef production and carcass traits
Authors: Huuskonen Arto Kalevi 
Published: July 2018

The objective of this study was to determine beef production traits of purebred Nordic Red (NR), Holstein-Friesian (Hol), Eastern Finncattle (EF), Northern Finncattle (NF) and Western Finncattle (WF) bulls. The data collected from slaughterhouses included observations of 164 862 NR, 87 323 Hol, 283 EF, 523 NF and 1 728 WF bulls. For estimating valuable cuttings also a separate dataset was collected including observations of 16 036 NR, 8 806 Hol, 18 EF, 126 NF, and 133 WF bulls. NR and Hol had the highest carcass gain (532 and 542 g d-1, respectively). Overall, the data showed poorer gain of the Finnish native breeds compared to NR and Hol. Among the native breeds, WF (427 g d-1) showed better growth compared to EF (356 g d-1) and NF (385 g d-1). Less differences were observed in valuable cuttings as might be inferred based on the differences in carcass conformation scores.
Viability of Lactobacillus paraplantarum DSM 14485 in human gastrointestinal tract and its molecular and biochemical identification after fermented vegetable consumption
Authors: Tamminen Marja Tuulikki , Ouwehand Arthur C. , Mäki Maarit , Joutsjoki Tiina , Sjöblom Marietta , Nissinen Kaija , Ryhänen Eeva-Liisa 
Published: July 2018

Abstract In this study the viability of a potentially probiotic Lactobacillus paraplantarum DSM 14485 in the intestinal tract of 22 healthy test subjects was qualitatively assessed in a randomised double blinded cross-over study design lasting 2 x 4 weeks (interventions I and II) with a 4-week washout period. The subjects were given in their diet either spontaneously fermented vegetables (SF) or vegetables fermented by starter bacteria which contained Lb. paraplantarum DSM 14485 (P). The numbers of lactic acid bacteria (LAB) in fecal samples were at the level of 105 cfu g-1 in both groups. The presence of Lb. paraplantarum DSM 14485 was confirmed by biochemical and molecular methods. We were able to show that Lb. paraplantarum DSM 14485, isolated from spontaneously fermented cucumbers, was viable in the intestine of ten test subjects after taking P-diet when the numbers of LAB were sufficiently high in the product.
An overview of silage research in Finland: from ensiling innovation to advances in dairy cow feeding
Authors: Huhtanen Pekka , Jaakkola Seija , Nousiainen Juha 
Published: July 2018

Because of the climatic conditions, the Finnish milk production research has focused to improve the utilisation of grassland, mainly as conserved forages. The main research areas have been ensiling, evaluation of the forage feeding value, predicting nutrient supply from grass silage-based diet and the effects of forage quality and concentrate supplementation on milk production responses. Due to changes in ensiling technologies and variety of forage crops new silage additives have been adopted. A centralized system for the analysis of forage energy value is based on NIRS calibration. It was calibrated against in vitro pepsin-cellulase solubility method that was validated against in vivo digestibility. The concentration of indigestible neutral detergent fibre was found to be a useful parameter both in empirical models predicting forage digestibility and mechanistic rumen models predicting the amounts of absorbed nutrients. Models predicting relative intake potential of forages and total diet were developed, and an intake model combining animal and diet effects independently of each other was developed. Using meta-analysis approaches a nutrient response model was developed for dairy cows for milk, energy corrected milk and protein yield. Feed evaluation, intake and nutrient response models form now the basis of practical Finnish ration formulation system that can optimize diets according to maximum income over feed cost in addition to minimum feed cost.
SANGGAR SASTRA JAWA YOGYAKARTA DALAM PERSPEKTIF SOSIOLOGI TALCOTT PARSONS
Authors: Darmawan Hayu Avang 
Published: July 2018

Sanggar Sastra Jawa Yogyakarta is a literary group that focus on Javanese literature in D.I.Yogyakarta. The purpose of this research is to discover and explain the establishment and Sanggar Sastra Jawa Yogyakarta system that is able to survive for a long time. It was given a lot of group Javanese literature in East Java, Central Java, and Yogyakarta that appear but can not last long. The analysis used is the social system theory developed by Talcott Parsons. The theory explains the four functional requirements, that is latent pattern-maintenance, integration, goal attainment, adaptation as a requirement for the system to survive in a long time. Further descriptive method is used, with data collection through participant observation and in-depth interviews, and the data is written. Informants consisted of administrators and members of the group. The results of the study found that the Operasi Tertib Remaja in 1966 and the elimination of regional language lessons by the education minister of the 1970s was able to immobilize the joints of Javanese literature. Furthermore, emerging awareness group of people to maintain their identity by setting up Sanggar Sastra Jawa Yogyakarta. The group was able to survive by maintaining system adaptation by uniting themselves with government agencies, have short and long term goals, integrity harmonization that is able to be maintained, and renegeration pattern with internalization value and norm. AbstrakSanggar Sastra Jawa Yogyakarta merupakan sanggar sastra yang fokus pada sastra Jawa di D.I.Yogyakarta. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah menemukan dan menjelaskan pendirian dan sistem Sanggar Sastra Jawa Yogyakarta yang mampu bertahan dalam kurun waktu lama. Hal itu mengingat banyak sanggar sastra Jawa di Jawa Timur, Jawa Tengah, dan Yogyakarta yang muncul namun tidak dapat bertahan lama. Analisis yang digunakan adalah teori sistem sosial yang dikembangkan Talcott Parsons. Teori tersebut menjelaskan empat kebutuhan fungsional, yaitu latent pattern-maintenance, integration, goal attainment, adaptation sebagai syarat sebuah sistem untuk mampu bertahan hidup dalam kurun waktu yang lama. Selanjutnya digunakan metode deskriptif, dengan pengambilan data melalui observasi terlibat dan wawancara mendalam, serta data-data tertulis. Informan terdiri atas pengurus dan anggota sanggar. Hasil dari penelitian diketahui bahwa Operasi Tertib Remaja tahun 1966 dan penghapusan pelajaran bahasa daerah oleh menteri pendidikan era 1970an mampu melumpuhkan sendi-sendi sastra Jawa. Selanjutnya, timbul kesadaran sekelompok orang untuk mempertahankan identitasnya dengan mendirikan Sanggar Sastra Jawa Yogyakarta. Sanggar tersebut mampu bertahan dengan memelihara sistem adaptasi dengan menyatukan diri dengan lembaga pemerintahan, memiliki tujuan jangka pendek dan panjang, harmonisasi integritas yang mampu dijaga, serta pola renegerasi dengan internalisasi nilai dan norma.
PEREMPUAN DALAM SWARA SESTRA DAN FAKTA PERKAWINAN ENDOGAMI ARISTROKAT JAWA
Authors: Wijanarko Fajar 
Published: July 2018

Abstrak: Pada umumnya, perempuan Jawa bercitra baik sehingga kerap dimunculkan sebagai bentuk ajaran dalam sastra. Akan tetapi, dalam teks Swara Sěstra justru dimetaforakan sebagai daun senthe, yaitu alegori perempuan muda yang dimadu dengan perempuan yang lebih tua. Persoalan ini menjadi rumit ketika keadaan tersebut terjadi di lingkungan aristokrat Jawa. Berbekal disiplin filologi dengan metode penyuntingan teks dan penerjemahan, fenomena perempuan dalam teks Swara Sěstra akan diungkapkan. Telaah teks secara semiotik melalui pembacaan heuristik dan hermeneutik kemudian menjadi upaya dalam menafsirkan teks. Pada akhir pembahasan, diketahui bahwa alegori perempuan sebagai senthe merujuk pada citra perempuan Jawa yang tidak baik. Di balik pemaknaan teks tersebut kemudian ditemukan pula bukti bahwa pengalegorian perempuan ini menyeret fakta sejarah tentang maraknya perkawinan endogami di lingkungan bangsawan. Bahkan perilaku tersebut merupakan hal yang subur, terutama di lingkungan dalam tembok istana. Abstract: In general, Javanese women are well-imagery and often raised as a form of teaching in literature. However, in the Swara Sěstra text, it is actually metaphorically as a senthe leaves, the allegory of young women who being a co-wife to older women. This issue becomes complicated when the situation occurs in the aristocratic environment of Java. By the discipline of philology with methods of text editing and translation, the phenomenon of women in the text of Swara Sěstra will be expressed. The semiotic study of text through heuristic and hermeneutical readings then becomes an attempt at interpreting the text. At the end of the discussion, it is known that female allegory as a senthe refers to the image of poor Javanese women. Behind the meaning of the text is then found also evidence that this female allegedly dragged historical facts about the rampant endogamy marriage in the nobility. Even the behavior repeatedly happen, especially in the inner court environment.
Identidades e relações de gênero nos guias do programa nacional dos livros didáticos de História e Português para o ensino médio
Authors: MENDES Luís César Castrillon , JESUS Dánie Marcelo De 
Published: July 2018

Neste artigo, analisamos a presença da discussão de gênero nas avaliações expressas nos Guias do PNLD 2015. Teoricamente, utilizou-se o conceito de gênero como categoria de análise, associado a alguns aspectos dos estudos decoloniais com a finalidade de entender o modo como o conceito de identidade se apresentava nos guias. Em complemento, analisou-se também se esses documentos se voltam para especificidades de grupos, tais como classe social, etnia e sexualidade. Conclui-se que os guias, de modo geral, parecem reforçar o não protagonismo feminino e o total silenciamento de questões relacionadas com as outras manifestações de gênero não canônicas. Palavras-chave: Identidade/Relações de Gênero. Guias do PNLD. Ensino Médio.
Cambios ambientales y estrategias de aprovisionamiento de rocas durante el periodo 12000-4000 años AP en la puna de Jujuy, Argentina
Authors: Oxman Brenda Irene , Hoguin Rodolphe 
Published: July 2018

El presente trabajo tiene como objetivo explorar la relación entre los cambios ambientales producidos en la Puna Seca Argentina durante el periodo 12 000- 4000 años AP y su incidencia en la variabilidad observada en las estrategias adaptativas desarrolladas por los grupos humanos en la tecnología lítica. Las líneas de evidencia utilizadas son los análisis polínicos para el estudio del paleoambeinte y el aprovisionamiento de materias primas líticas como indicador de los rangos de movilidad de los grupos humanos. Los resultados polínicos obtenidos muestran que el Holoceno temprano habría sido más húmedo y con una menor distancia entre los parches de vegetación; mientras que durante el Holoceno medio se detectan variaciones ambientales y tecnológicasy el periodo se diferencia en dos momentos, que se ven reflejadas en una mayor especialización de los sitios en relación a las diferentes actividades tecnológicas, acompañado un proceso de aridez en aumento. Otro de los factores importantes es la variación ambiental que se observa en la segunda mitad del Holoceno medio, que pudo haber incidido en la toma de decisión de los grupos humanos frente a este factor de riesgo.
La arqueología desde el microscopio. Aportes interdisciplinarios de las diatomeas a las problemáticas arqueológicas
Authors: Grana Lorena 
Published: July 2018

Actualmente, las problemáticas arqueológicas generaran datos no solo desde la propia de la disciplina sino también desde teorías y metodologías provenientes de otras disciplinas. La Diatomología, una disciplina que forma parte de las Ciencias Biológicas, ha demostrado ser una importante herramienta para la Arqueología. El análisis de diatomeas ha sido aplicado en reconstrucciones paleoambientales, en el análisis de procesos de formación de sitio, en material arqueológico como el estudio de procedencia de materia prima para la cerámica, en el estudio del manejo prehistórico del agua y suelos, en los restos bioarquelógicos y, por último, en la conservación del patrimonio tangible. El objetivo del presente trabajo es realizar una revisión crítica de la evolución y estado actual de los análisis diatomológicos en cuestiones arqueológicas, principalmente incluyendo los estudios latinoamericanos. Para ello se propone discutir las potencialidades y limitaciones de estos estudios, con el fin de generar un puente conceptual que sea de utilidad para investigadores interesados en trabajar con estas líneas.
La dimensión social de la bioarqueología. Propuesta de trabajo para una investigación que incluye restos óseos humanos en Argentina
Authors: García Laborde Pamela , Conforti María Eugenia , Guichón Ricardo Anibal 
Published: July 2018

La relación de los investigadores y su producción con la comunidad en general y principalmente con los pueblos originarios, plantea un grado de complejidad que no parece gestionarse ni desde la Bioarqueología ni desde la Arqueología Pública, por separado. El objetivo general de este trabajo es contribuir a la discusión sobre posibles estrategias que amplíen nuestras prácticas profesionales promoviendo nuevas tramas de relaciones que articulen y reconfiguren a ambos enfoques en nuestro país. Para explorar el mencionado abordaje se presenta el caso de la Misión Salesiana Nuestra Señora de La Candelaria, ubicada en la costa Norte de Tierra del Fuego. En este sentido, la Misión Salesiana se convierte en un escenario propicio, para explorar dicha articulación y al mismo tiempo dar cuenta de que cada caso está atravesado por su historia y particularidades locales. Quizás renunciar a la autoridad absoluta para hablar del pasado constituya una de las claves para lograr transformar la disciplina, haciéndola más democrática y multivocal, a la vez que humanizarla en pos de incorporar otros aspecto y niveles de análisis más allá de las perspectivas tradicionales del trabajo científico.
Распространение и численность дождевых червей (Lumbricidae) в подзоне средней тайги Республики Коми
Authors: Акулова Л. И. , Долгин М. М. , Колесникова А. А. 
Published: July 2018

В подзоне средней тайги Республики Коми зарегистрировано 12 видов дождевых червей, по 10 – на равнинной территории и Северном Урале. Сходство равнинной и горной фауны люмбрицид составило 44%, что подтверждает факт широкого распространения зарегистрированных видов в Республике Коми, за исключением уральского эндемика Perelia diplotetratheca и описанного в 1984 г. Eisenia atlavinyteae. На лугах, полях и огородах выявлено высокое разнообразие и численность дождевых червей в сравнении с лесами.
Hubungan Dukungan Ibu dengan Kesiapan Remaja Putri dalam Mengahadapi Menarche
Authors: Juwita Sellia 
Published: July 2018

According to the World Health Organization (WHO), adolescents are individuals who are undergoing a period of transition that gradually reaches sexual maturity, changes in the souls of children into adulthood. The changes that occurred at the time of Menarche caused young women to be embarrassed. Therefore, young women need to make adjustments in behavior. The adjustment cannot be done smoothly, especially if there is no support from parents, especially mothers. The role of the mother is very important in the process of growth and development of children, especially during adolescence. Teens begin to recognize the various sexual processes that are happening on the body and soul first through the mother. The design in this research is quantitative analytic, with the population of junior high school girls in Kecamatan Senapelan with total sampling technique, the number of samples 258 people. Data were collected through questionnaires and processed by computerization then analyzed univariat and bivariate using chiquare test. Univariate results in the knowing of girls who get mother support 49.2 percent and who do not get support as much as 57.8 percent, adolescents ready to face menarche 57.4 percent and not ready as much as 42.6 percent. The result of bivariate analysis showed that there was a correlation between mother support with adolescent readiness in facing menarche where p value value less than 0,05. Adolescents with maternal support are more prepared for menarche than those who do not get support.
Keywords: Maternal support, readiness, menarche, adolescence