bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Fluvial-lacustrine interactions in the Marginal Triassic, Clevedon, Bristol Channel Basin, UK: deposition, dolomitization and silicification
Authors: Tucker Maurice E. , Sparks R. Stephen J. 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
In the Triassic Mercia Mudstone Group of the Bristol Channel area, SW Britain, yellow micritic-oolitic dolomites deposited in a near-shore location of an extensive shallow saline alkaline lake, pass landwards into conglomerates and sandstones of colluvial-fluvial origin (Dolomitic Conglomerate). Offshore facies are red marl (Branscombe Fm.) and grey-green marl (Blue Anchor Fm.) of shallow lake-playa origin. Conspicuous red silicified bands and nodules (cherts) occur within the shoreline dolomites cropping out at Clevedon, 30 km SW of Bristol. The originally aragonitic ooids and lime mud were dolomitized very early on the lake floor and just below, and the presence of pyrite indicates anoxic conditions therein. The silicification is attributed to the influx of meteoric water with near-neutral pH, provided by flash floods and rainstorms as hyperpycnal and hypopycnal flows, interacting with the silica-rich, saline, alkaline lake water and porewater within the lake sediment. Aragonitic ooids picked up in the flows underwent dissolution, then slight compaction of outer dolomitic lamellae, before silica precipitation. The red colour of the chert from detrital finely disseminated hematite also indicates very early precipitation, before suboxic-anoxic conditions developed in the enclosing lake carbonates. These Triassic sediments show features of soft-sediment deformation, attributed to the formation of chert via a silica gel and/or density contrasts of rapid deposition-dewatering, plus possible seismic activity connected to a nearby basin-margin fault.
The formation of family policy attitudes: the role of justice perceptions in the division of household labour
Authors: Helgøy Anna , Van Hootegem Arno 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
Welfare state attitudes make up an interactive feedback loop of defining popular legitimacy and future policy trajectories. Understanding attitudinal drivers is thus essential political knowledge. However, as existing research is mainly based on the work-nexus of welfare, this article expands the literature to the welfare state’s care-nexus, examining drivers of family policy attitudes. We argue that conventional attitude predictors of self-interest and ideology are insufficient to explain the attitudinal cleavage in family policy. Instead, justice perceptions in the division of physical and cognitive household labour represent an important normative battleground. We test this with Norwegian survey data (N = 3500), using a unique vignette experiment to operationalise justice perceptions. Findings show that individuals who do not perceive a disproportional household labour division as unfair prefer optional familialism within family policy. Individuals who do perceive unfairness in a disproportional household labour division prefer de-familialism, which facilitates gender equality in public and private spheres. This is consistently found for the physical division of labour, while the cognitive dimension seems less politicised. We conclude that the battleground for different family policy approaches is fundamentally normative and linked to justice considerations on gender roles.
Delivering ‘50 PLUS Choices’ in the UK: how compatible are ‘fuller working lives’ with an increasing reliance on informal carers to deliver social care?
Authors: Evandrou Maria , Falkingham Jane , Qin Min , Vlachantoni Athina 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
The past decade has been marked by cuts in public funding of adult social care alongside an increased policy focus within the UK on extending working lives through ‘50 PLUS Choices’. This study uses the UK Household Longitudinal Study (2009/10–2018/19) to examine the relationship between informal care provision and labour market participation. The analysis focusses on mid-life, a period of life course characterised by both the uptake of informal care provision responsibilities and withdrawal from the labour market. Across the observation period, employment increased amongst both mid-life carers and non-carers, but the gap widened – with carers being much less likely to be employed. Discrete-time survival models assess the effect of caregiving on the likelihood of changing from full-time to part-time work or leaving work altogether. A range of indicators of caregiving, including care intensity, type of care provided and relationship to the person cared for, are all associated with reduced employment. The analysis supports the argument that policies promoting higher labour force participation amongst older workers are incompatible with cuts in funding for adult social care; to realise ‘50 PLUS Choices’, older working carers need to be better supported in juggling the competing demands of care and work.
The intersection of prescription drugs and medical devices: the evaluation and funding challenges of two categories of emerging health technologies
Authors: Rodrigues Caroline , Fu Rui , Ghose Turjoy , Yurga Emre , Nauenberg Eric 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
Health technology assessments (HTAs) are policy analysis frameworks contributing to the approval, reimbursement, and rollout of biotechnology and pharmaceuticals. New innovations in health technologies expose gaps in reimbursement and implementation guidelines. We defined two types of emerging health technologies: (1) therapeutic innovations, such as drug-device combination products or nondrug alternatives to prescription drugs and (2) disruptive health innovations such as novel surgeries and gene replacement therapies. We aimed to determine delineated definitions for these categories through a comprehensive review of HTA guidelines across 20 nations. Utilizing databases such as International Network of Agencies for HTA, International Society for Pharmacoeconomics and Outcomes Research, and European Medical Agency, we identified products falling within these categories. Real-world case studies highlighted the inadequacies stemming from the absence of clear definitions and proposed solutions to enhance current HTA guidelines. These shortcomings apply at the state or provincial level in addition to national jurisdictions as existing funding structures and silos fail to accommodate the unique attributes of these technologies.
Urinary exosomal microRNA-200 family: diagnostic biomarkers for Kawasaki disease and their link to inflammatory markers
Authors: Wang Yu-E. , Sun Da-Qing , Hu Hui-Zhong 
Published: November 2024

AbstractObjective:The microRNA-200 family plays a key role in inflammatory and vascular processes, making it a relevant target for Kawasaki disease, a vasculitis with coronary complications. This study aimed to evaluate the diagnostic potential of urinary exosomal microRNA-200 family members in Kawasaki disease patients.Methods:Urine samples from 15 Kawasaki disease patients and 15 healthy controls underwent total exosome isolation and high-throughput sequencing. Differential expression of microRNA-200 family members was validated using quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction. Diagnostic potential was assessed via receiver operating characteristic analysis, and correlations with clinical parameters were evaluated using Spearman correlation.Results:High-throughput sequencing identified upregulation of microRNA-429, microRNA-200b-3p/5p, microRNA-141-3p, microRNA-200a-3p/5p, and microRNA-200c-3p in Kawasaki disease patients. We confirmed significant upregulation of microRNA-200a-3p/5p, microRNA-200b-3p/5p, and microRNA-429, with receiver operating characteristic analysis showing high diagnostic potential for these microRNAs (area under the curves of 0.844, 0.791, 0.942, 0.842, and 0.898, respectively) and a combined analysis yielding a perfect area under the curve of 1.000. MicroRNA-141 and microRNA-200c-3p/5p, however, showed no significant diagnostic value. MicroRNA-200a-3p and microRNA-200a-5p were positively correlated with white blood cells, platelet counts, and C-reactive protein, while microRNA-200b-3p and microRNA-429 were positively correlated with white blood cells, platelet counts, erythrocyte sedimentation rate, and C-reactive protein. microRNA-200b-5p showed moderate correlations with platelet counts and erythrocyte sedimentation rate.Conclusion:Urinary exosomal microRNA-200 family members, especially microRNA-200a-3p/5p, microRNA-200b-3p/5p, and microRNA-429, demonstrate strong diagnostic potential for Kawasaki disease, correlating with key inflammatory markers. MicroRNA-141 and microRNA-200c did not demonstrate significant diagnostic utility.
Contrasting the Evolution of the Tropical Pacific SST Responses to Time‐Invariant Extratropical Forcings in the Two Hemispheres
Authors: Tseng Hung‐Yi , Hwang Yen‐Ting 
Published: November 2024

AbstractWe compare the equatorial Pacific sea surface temperature (SST) responses to radiative forcings in the extratropics of each hemispehre, with heating or cooling imposed in either hemisphere using a fully coupled climate model. In the initial 3 years, the equatorial SST responses exhibit an opposite sign to the forcings in the northern extratropics but align with those in the southern extratropics. At this stage, heating the northern extratropics is more effective at cooling the equatorial Pacific than cooling the southern extratropics. This occurs because the anomalous warming in the northern extratropics is blocked by the rainband and can only enter the equatorial Pacific from the west, triggering Bjerknes feedback more effectively. Over a decade, all experiments show enhanced equatorial responses aligning with the signs of the forcings. The south‐perturbed cases experience stronger equatorial SST responses, suggesting the significant control of the southern extratropics on tropical Pacific on decadal timescales.
Distribution, Mixing, and Transformation of a Loop Current Ring Waters: The Case of Gulf of Mexico
Authors: Gentil Mathieu , Pallàs‐Sanz Enric , Middleton Leo , Ruiz‐Angulo Angel , Meunier Thomas , Durante Giovanni , Tenreiro Miguel , Allis Estrada Sheila N. , Sheinbaum Julio 
Published: November 2024

AbstractMesoscale warm‐core rings, known as Loop Current rings (LCRs) reshape the Gulf of Mexico water masses by redistributing large amounts of heat and salt laterally. LCRs also transform water masses via diapycnal mixing, but the mechanisms by which this occurs are poorly measured. Here, we present glider‐MicroPod turbulence observations that reveal enhanced mixing below the mixed layer, along the eddy edges, driving the LCR's heat, salt, and oxygen exchanges. Interleavings of adjacent water masses may be interpreted mainly as a manifestation of submesoscale processes through stirring of the spice gradients, which facilitates double‐diffusive mixing that transforms Subtropical Underwater into Gulf Common Water. Our findings highlight the need for ocean models to parameterize double‐diffusive mixing processes directly resulting from submesoscale tracer stirring, which may be important at basin scale in the presence of LCRs in the Gulf of Mexico.
Capsule Electron Distributions Near the Diffusion Region of Magnetic Reconnection
Authors: Ren Yong , Dai Lei , Wang Chi , Lavraud Benoit , Escoubet C. Philippe , Burch James L. 
Published: November 2024

AbstractUnderstanding electron kinetic processes is crucial for elucidating the energy conversion mechanisms in magnetic reconnection. Non‐Maxwellian electron distributions are strong indicators of kinetic‐scale processes near the electron diffusion region, yet they remain incompletely understood. Using in‐situ spacecraft data from 29 magnetopause reconnection events, we unambiguously identify a non‐Maxwellian capsule electron distribution near the electron diffusion region. This distribution comprises an elongated component parallel with the magnetic field at lower energies and a butterfly component (with peaks at pitch angles near and ) at higher energies. We provide evidence that these distributions are partly linked to electron trapping and preferential heating along the direction of magnetic fields. The parallel electric potentials needed for the parallel heating may be linked to kinetic Alfvén waves. These capsule‐like electron distributions are also found to generate whistler emissions. Our results suggest that these kinetic processes are prevalent in magnetic reconnection.
Refining the Extent and Depth of the Shear Zone Surrounding the Alpine Fault Using Receiver Function Harmonics
Authors: Mark Hannah F. 
Published: November 2024

AbstractLarge continental transform faults are thought to cross‐cut the crust and extend into the lithospheric mantle. However, the strain distribution associated with these faults at mantle depths is not well understood. At the heart of this question is the rheology of the lithosphere: when stressed by displacement on a trans‐crustal fault, does the uppermost mantle localize strain in a continuing narrow fault zone, or is that strain instead distributed in a shear zone that widens with increasing depth? This study uses harmonic decomposition of receiver functions to measure the spatial and depth distribution of seismic anisotropy, a proxy for viscous deformation, around the Alpine Fault in Aotearoa New Zealand. Anisotropy aligned with the fault is present in the lithosphere at least 100 km away from the fault trace, suggesting that the Alpine Fault shear zone widens at depth.
Thermoelastic Properties of Seifertite at High Pressures and Temperatures: Implications for Negative Velocity Discontinuities in the D" Layer
Authors: Liu Tao , Wang Xiong , Pu Chang , Jing Zhicheng 
Published: November 2024

AbstractNegative velocity discontinuities are often observed at the base of the D'' layer, yet their formation mechanisms remain elusive. Here, we present the first investigation of thermoelastic properties of SiO2‐seifertite under 30–200 GPa and 1,000–4,000 K using first‐principles molecular dynamics simulations. We find that the compressional and shear wave velocities of seifertite are 2.0%–4.3% and 7.4%–11.3% lower, respectively, than those of CaCl2‐type SiO2 in the D'' layer. The reductions in VS across the phase transition are significantly larger than previous estimates from density functional theory results. Incorporating the elastic properties of other minerals, we demonstrate that the presence of SiO2 in the accumulated subducted oceanic crust and the associated VS reductions can contribute to the negative velocity discontinuities observed in the D'' layer. The observed low seismic velocities at the base of the lower mantle can be matched if 19–27 vol.% SiO2 is present in the D'' region.
Density Troughs in the Ionosphere Sustained by Transport Barriers
Authors: Malkov M. A. , Sotnikov V. I. , Mishin E. V. 
Published: November 2024

AbstractThis study explores the relaxation and sustainability of density irregularities and plasma flows in the Earth's ionosphere. To do this, we use a modified model of drift‐wave turbulence known as the Hasegawa‐Wakatani model. Similar to turbulent processes in laboratory plasmas, we explore a powerful mechanism that can reduce the turbulent plasma transport. This mechanism is associated with the creation of “zonal flows,” cutting across the gradients of particle density and magnetic fields. They work effectively to minimize particles' random movement and reduce the turbulence causing this movement. The zonal flows create transport barriers in areas where the density gradient is steepest and where drift waves grow most vigorously. The transport barriers significantly delay the refill of low‐density regions with surrounding plasma. They also lead to changes in the electric potential of the plasma and influence the movement of ions in the direction of the magnetic field. Our research investigates how these zonal flows are generated and how effectively they sustain density irregularities. We also examine the spectral characteristics of turbulence in and around these barriers.
Characteristics of the Mediterranean Cyclone IANOS in Convection‐Permitting Simulations: Unraveling Model Sensitivity to Microphysics and Cumulus Parameterization
Authors: Mishra Alok Kumar , Jangir Babita , Khain Pavel , Strobach Ehud 
Published: November 2024

AbstractThis study quantified the relative impact of microphysics parameterization (MP) and cumulus parameterization (CP) schemes on storm prediction using a non‐hydrostatic weather research and forecasting model for an intense Medicane: IANOS. All the simulations agreed with the main observed characteristics of this storm, with some discrepancies in magnitude and location, which vary with CP and MP schemes. These discrepancies were larger during the mature phase of the storm. In the CP‐on simulations, the non‐scale aware Kain–Fritsch (KF) scheme typically resulted in higher precipitation, while the Betts‐Miller‐Janjic (BMJ) scheme led to lower precipitation compared to the CP‐off simulations (C0). The tendency of the KF scheme to consume available convective potential energy at a relatively high rate (i.e., short time scale) resulted in high mass fluxes and latent heat release, leading to strengthened convective activity and, hence, precipitation. The multi‐scale aware (MSKF) substantially reduces the precipitation compared to KF due to the reduced contribution of convective scale precipitation. It also modulates the spatial structure precipitation compared to KF, especially light precipitation over the outer bands, and the contribution of grid‐scale precipitation to total precipitation. KF shows the lowest contribution, around 50%, whereas BMJ exhibits a slightly higher contribution, and MSKF versions nearly reach 100%, making it closer to CP‐off. The improved performance in MSKF compared to KF highlights the importance of MSKF convection parameterization for gray zone (~1–4 km) simulation. The persistent discrepancy in landfall location in CP‐on and CP‐off simulation underscored the need of further investigating other physics parameterizations and dynamical mechanisms.
Nucleic acid drugs: recent progress and future perspectives
Authors: Sun Xiaoyi , Setrerrahmane Sarra , Li Chencheng , Hu Jialiang , Xu Hanmei 
Published: November 2024

AbstractHigh efficacy, selectivity and cellular targeting of therapeutic agents has been an active area of investigation for decades. Currently, most clinically approved therapeutics are small molecules or protein/antibody biologics. Targeted action of small molecule drugs remains a challenge in medicine. In addition, many diseases are considered ‘undruggable’ using standard biomacromolecules. Many of these challenges however, can be addressed using nucleic therapeutics. Nucleic acid drugs (NADs) are a new generation of gene-editing modalities characterized by their high efficiency and rapid development, which have become an active research topic in new drug development field. However, many factors, including their low stability, short half-life, high immunogenicity, tissue targeting, cellular uptake, and endosomal escape, hamper the delivery and clinical application of NADs. Scientists have used chemical modification techniques to improve the physicochemical properties of NADs. In contrast, modified NADs typically require carriers to enter target cells and reach specific intracellular locations. Multiple delivery approaches have been developed to effectively improve intracellular delivery and the in vivo bioavailability of NADs. Several NADs have entered the clinical trial recently, and some have been approved for therapeutic use in different fields. This review summarizes NADs development and evolution and introduces NADs classifications and general delivery strategies, highlighting their success in clinical applications. Additionally, this review discusses the limitations and potential future applications of NADs as gene therapy candidates.
Factors Influencing Speech-Language Pathology Referral and Utilization in Mild Traumatic Brain Injury: An Exploratory Analysis
Authors: O'Brien Katy H. , Messina Ansley , Pei Yalian , Kemp Amy M. , Gartell Rebecca , Brown Gregory , Gore Russell K. , Appleberry Cheryl , Wallace Tracey 
Published: November 2024

Purpose:
Speech-language pathologists provide important services to people recovering from mild traumatic brain injury (mTBI), also called concussion, although they may be underutilized in outpatient care. Because health care providers face challenges in selecting assessments to efficiently describe patient needs, the purpose of this study was to describe factors related to patients receiving speech-language pathology services after mTBI, as well as how assessments predict amount of services received.

Method:
In this retrospective chart review study, demographic factors, injury characteristics, and assessment scores were extracted from medical records of patients aged 14–65 years receiving services for recent (within 6 months) mTBI at an outpatient specialty clinic. The Post-Concussion Symptom Scale (PCSS), Montreal Cognitive Assessment, Standardized Assessment of Concussion, and a newly developed self-report measure of cognitive-communication function—the Cognitive-Communication Referral Indicator for Concussion (CCoRI-C)—were used as dependent variables to predict speech-language pathology service referral. For those referred, Repeatable Battery for the Assessment of Neuropsychological Status (RBANS) and Behavior Rating Inventory of Executive Function (BRIEF) scores were added as dependent variables predicting speech-language pathology dosage.

Results:
A total of 132 patient charts met inclusion and exclusion criteria. In addition to CCoRI-C and PCSS symptoms, receiving imaging, being injured in a motor vehicle crash, experiencing loss of consciousness, and being of female sex were related to speech-language pathology referrals. Of the 77 patients referred for speech-language pathology care, higher CCoRI-C, PCSS, BRIEF, RBANS total, and RBANS visuospatial scores were associated with recommended speech-language pathology dosage. Only the CCoRI-C, BRIEF–Adult Version (BRIEF-A) Behavioral Regulation, and BRIEF-A Metacognition were associated with actual number of speech-language pathology sessions attended.

Conclusions:
Cognitive-communication symptoms and executive function may be important to planning speech-language pathology rehabilitative episodes of care for people with mTBI. Future work should continue to evaluate how assessments augment demographic and injury characteristics in decision making for both referral to and use of speech-language pathology services after mTBI.
Optimization of trusted wireless sensing models based on deep reinforcement learning for ISAC systems
Authors: Zhang Hao , Jing Yi , Xu Wenhui , Zhang Ronghui 
Published: November 2024

AbstractThis paper investigates using deep reinforcement learning (DRL) methods for optimizing trustworthy federated learning models, with a focus on integrated sensing and communication in practical wireless sensing scenarios. Challenges include computational disparities among edge sensing nodes, network transmission differences, and the non‐independent and identically distributed (non‐IID) nature of local training datasets. As the number of edge sensing nodes increases, the likelihood of encountering untrusted nodes also rises, further limiting the performance of traditional federated learning aggregation algorithms. To address these issues, the paper proposes a DRL‐based strategy aimed at optimizing the node selection process in federated learning environments. This strategy intelligently selects nodes for global aggregation, improving overall model performance and efficiency by addressing computational and communication differences among nodes and the non‐IID nature of data.