bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Optimising antiplatelet utilisation in the acute care setting: a novel threshold for medical intervention in suspected acute coronary syndromes
Authors: Reynard Charles , Morris Niall , Moss Phil , Jarman Heather , Body Richard 
Published: January 2019

ObjectivesTo construct a model to optimise and personalise recommendations for antiplatelet prescription for patients with suspected acute coronary syndrome (ACS). Acknowledging that emergency physicians work with diagnostic uncertainty, we sought to identify the point at which the probability of ACS is sufficiently high that the benefits of antiplatelet treatment outweigh the risks. Second, we evaluated the projected clinical impact of this approach by using a clinical prediction model (Troponin-only Manchester Acute Coronary Syndromes (T-MACS)) to calculate the probability of ACS.MethodsWe conducted three systematic reviews, quantifying the effects of ticagrelor, clopidogrel or aspirin-alone treatment strategies for ACS (November 2017). We extracted data for (a) clinical outcomes and (b) weighted patient preferences (utilities) for each outcome. We then constructed utilitarian models, simulating the probability of clinical outcomes with different treatment strategies. This identified the threshold probability of ACS at which each treatment strategy became superior.We validated this approach in a prospective diagnostic study including patients with suspected ACS that was conducted at two large UK teaching hospitals (St George’s Hospital London recruited October 2015 to June 2017 and Manchester Royal Infirmary: February 2015 to August 2017). We calculated the probability of ACS using T-MACS. The diagnosis of ACS was adjudicated based on serial high-sensitivity troponin testing and 30-day follow-up.ResultsWe constructed three models using data from six studies. Prescribing ticagrelor had greatest overall benefit when the probability of ACS exceeded 8.0%. Below that threshold, aspirin alone yielded greater benefit. The validation study included 660 patients, of which 87 (13.2%) had ACS. Prescription of combined antiplatelet strategy to patients with >8% probability of ACS had greater utility than aspirin alone.ConclusionTreatment with ticagrelor appears to yield greater net benefit for patients when the probability of ACS >8%. The clinical and cost-effectiveness of this ‘precision medicine’ approach warrants further study.
Effects of Phenylalanine on the Liquid-Expanded and Liquid-Condensed States of Phosphatidylcholine Monolayers
Authors: Cutro Andrea C , Disalvo E Anibal , Frías María A 
Published: January 2019

Background: Phenylalanine (Phe) is involved in physiological and pathological processes in cell membranes in which expanded and condensed states coexist. In this direction, it was reported that surface hydration is important for the binding affinity of the amino acid which significantly perturbs 1,2-dipalmitoyl- sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine (DPPC) monolayer structure and morphology. A deeper insight showed that Phe inserts in DPPC monolayer defects as a monomer at pH 5 and forms aggregates that adsorb to the membrane surface generating a reconfiguration of the lipid arrangement in areas of higher packing. This new arrangement in the monolayer causes the reorientation of dipoles of lipid and water molecules which is congruent with the dehydration and surface tension changes reported above. With this background, this article studies the affinity of Phe in liquid-expanded 1,2-dimyristoyl- sn-glycero-3 phosphocholine (LE DMPC) and liquid-condensed 1,2-dipalmitoyl- sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine (LC DPPC) monolayers and their effects on membrane properties. Results: The adsorption of Phe can be described by a cooperative process in non-independent sites suggesting that Phe/lipid systems reorganize to form new structures at a high degree of coverage. Compressibility modulus and Brewster angle microscopy (BAM) images allow to propose that Phe causes a new phase in 1,2-dimyristoyl- sn-glycero-3 phosphocholine (DMPC) and DPPC. Conclusions: Phe imposes new arrangements in the lipid phase to form new structures with different compressibility behavior than lipid binary mixtures of DMPC and DPPC. Phe interaction with the LC and LE phases gives place to a process in which a synergistic effect between non-independent sites can be produced. These features of Phe/lipid interaction would be of great importance to understand the multiple effects of Phe on cell membranes.
Cephalosporin resistance in community acquired spontaneous bacterial peritonitis
Authors: Sarwar Shahid , Tarique Shandana , Waris Umaima , Khan Anwaar Ahmad 
Published: January 2019

Objective: To determine 3rd generation cephalosporin resistance in patients with community-acquired spontaneous bacterial peritonitis (SBP) using early response assessment.
Methods: This prospective quasi-experimental study was carried out at Doctors Hospital & Medical Center from January 2016 to September 2018. Patients with cirrhosis and SBP were included. Third generation cephalosporins i.e. cefotaxime/ceftriaxone were used for treatment of SBP. Response after 48 hours was assessed and decline in ascitic fluid neutrophil count of < 25% of baseline was labelled as cephalosporin resistant. Carbapenem were used as second line treatment. Recovery and discharge or death of patients were primary end points.
Results: Male to female ratio in 31 patients of SBP was 1.2/1 (17/14). Hepato-renal syndrome was diagnosed in 11(37.9%) patients. Cefotaxime was used for 16(51.6%) patients whereas ceftriaxone for 15(48.3%) patients. Early response of SBP was noted in 26(83.8%) patients while 5 (16.2%) were non-responders to cephalosporins. SBP resolved in all non-responding patients with i/v carbapenem. In-hospital mortality was 12.9% and had no association with cephalosporin resistance. High bilirubin (p 0.04), deranged INR (p 0.008), low albumin (p 0.04), high Child Pugh (CTP) score (p 0.03) and MELD scores (p 0.009) were associated with in-hospital mortality.
Conclusion: Cephalosporin resistance was present in 16.2% of study patients with community-acquired SBP. Mortality in SBP patients is associated with advanced stage of liver disease.
How to cite this:Sarwar S, Tarique S, Waris U, Khan AA. Cephalosporin resistance in community acquired spontaneous bacterial peritonitis. Pak J Med Sci. 2019;35(1):4-9. doi: https://doi.org/10.12669/pjms.35.1.17
This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
NUMERICAL MODELLING APPLICATIONS ON FRACTURE PREDICTIONS: AN EXAMPLE FROM THE BLUE LIAS FORMATION IN KILVE, UK
Authors: Patria Adi 
Published: January 2019

Numerical modeling using Comsol Multiphysics, with Finite Element Method, has been carried out to study fracture initiation, linkage, and deflection of the Blue Lias Formation. Data were from outcrop observation where hydrofractures were well observed. Three models were set up to understand how fractures initiated, linked and arrested. The Young’s modulus of shales (Esh) was set with the value of 1 GPa, 5 GPa, and 10 GPa. The fluid excess pressure was applied with the value of 5 MPa, 10 MPa, and 15 MPa. The Young’s modulus of the limestone (Elst) was a constant at 10 GPa. The first model showed how the overburden induces fracture initiation. The results indicated that tensile stress concentrated only within limestone and favour to form fractures. The second model was about linking of fractures. The result explained that shear stress was dominantly concentrated in limestone layers. Previous hydrofractures possibly linked up forming shear fractures and en-echelon fractures. The third model was run to understand fracture propagation and deflection. The result was that tensile stress concentrated at the hydrofracture tips close to the contacts between limestone and shale. Hydrofractures were deflected, and in some places, hydrofractures were likely started to propagate through shale.Permodelan numerik dengan Comsol Multiphysics berdasarkan metode Elemen Terbatas dilakukan untuk mempelajari inisiasi, hubungan, dan defleksi rekahan Formasi Blue Lias. Data berasal dari observasi singkapan dimana hydrofracture teramati. Tiga model dibuat untuk memahami bagaimana rekahan terinisiasi, terhubung, terambatkan dan terhenti. Modulus Young’s batulempung (Esh) diatur dengan nilai 1 GPa, 5GPa, dan 10 GPa. Tekanan kelebihan cairan (fluid excess pressure) yang diterapkan sebesar 5 MPa, 10 MPa, dan 15 MPa. Modulus Young’s batugamping (Elst) konstan sebesar 10 GPa. Model pertama menunjukkan bagaimana pembebanan mempengaruhi inisiasi rekahan. Hasil perhitungan menunjukkan bahwa tekanan tarik terkonsentrasi hanya pada lapisan batugamping dan memungkinkan terbentuknya rekahan. Model kedua mengenai hubungan rekahan. Model menunjukkan bahwa tekanan geser terkonsentrasi pada lapisan batugamping secara dominan. Hydrofracture yang telah ada akan terhubung membentuk rekahan geser and rekahan en-echelon. Model ketiga dihitung untuk memahami perambatan dan defleksi rekahan. Hasilnya menunjukkan bahwa tekanan tarik terkonsentrasi pada ujung hydrofracture dekat kontak lapisan batugamping dan batulempung. Hydrofracture terdefleksi dan pada beberapa titik mulai merambat menembus batulempung.
Determination of the undesirable student behaviors observed by the first grade primary school teachers in their classrooms<p>Birinci sınıf öğretmenlerinin sınıflarında gözlemledikleri istenmeyen öğrenci davranışlarının belirlenmesi
Authors: Yoleri Sibel 
Published: January 2019

The purpose of the study is to investigate students’ problem behaviors observed by primary school teachers and to determine the relationship between these behaviors and teacher’s gender, age and teaching experience. 100 primary school teachers from Diyarbakır, Mardin and Aydın provinces were participated in this research study. The sample group for the study was selected using a random sampling method. A relational survey method was used for this study. Data were collected through the use of two instruments: Students’ Misbehaviour in Class Scale (Balcı, Çapri, Çelikkaleli & Büte, 2006) and Demographic Information Form. According to results, "not talking without permission”, “disturbing other students”, “disturbing others by wiggling” and “throwing things to classmates” are reported by teachers as most frequently observed misbehaviors. On the other hand, not significant relationships were found among teachers’ views on primary school students’ classroom problem behaviors according to their gender, age, and teaching experience.Extended English summary is in the end of Full Text PDF (TURKISH) file. ÖzetBu araştırma, ilkokul birinci sınıf öğretmenlerinin sınıfta gözlemledikleri problem davranışları ve bu davranışların öğretmenlerin yaş, cinsiyet gibi değişkenlerle ilişkisini belirlemek amacıyla yapılmıştır. Araştırma, 2015-2016 eğitim öğretim yılında Diyarbakır, Mardin ve Aydın illerinde tesadüfî örnekleme yöntemi ile seçilen 15 ilkokulda görev yapan 100 sınıf öğretmeni ile gerçekleştirilmiştir. Araştırmada veri toplama aracı olarak, öğretmenlerin demografik özelliklerinin yer aldığı Kişisel Bilgi Formu ve Balcı, Çapri, Çelikkaleli ve Büte (2006) tarafından geliştirilmiş olan “İlköğretim Okulları İstenmeyen Öğrenci Davranışları Ölçeği’nin Sınıf İçi İstenmeyen Öğrenci Davranışları” alt ölçeği kullanılmıştır. Verilerin analizinde SPSS 20.0 programı kullanılmıştır. Araştırma sonucunda sınıflarında en sık gözlenen problem davranışlar öğretmenler tarafından; “Söz verilmeden konuşma”, “Arkadaşlarının dikkatini dağıtacak biçimde kıpırdanıp durma”, “Yanındaki ya da arkasındaki öğrenciyi rahatsız etme” ve “Derste dersi takip edemeyecek bir biçimde fısıldama ya da gizli konuşma” olarak ifade edilmiştir. Öte yandan araştırma sonucunda öğretmenlerin cinsiyet, yaş ve mesleki deneyim değişkenleri ile sınıf içindeki olumsuz davranışlara ilişkin görüşleri arasında anlamlı bir farklılık bulunmamıştır.
Do the teachers' organizational trust levels predict their academic optimism?
Authors: B. Bostancı Aynur , Bülbül Sebila 
Published: January 2019

This research was conducted to determine the relationship between teachers' organizational trust levels and academic optimism perception about their schools. The research is in relational screening model. The sample of the study consisted of 299 teachers working in primary, secondary and high schools in Uşak province. In the study, simple random sampling was employed. The data were collected by The Organizational Trust Scale and the Organizational Trust in Colleagues Scale and School Academic Optimism Scale. In the analysis of the data, arithmetic mean, one way variance analysis, Pearson Product Moment Coefficient and multiple regression analysis were used. According to the results of the study; It is observed that teachers who work in primary school and secondary schools have high levels of trust in the organization and teachers who work in high schools have a moderate level of trust in the organization. The level of teachers’ trust in the administrator working in all school levels is moderate. Again teachers’ perceptions about academic optimism of their schools is high in all school levels. In the research, the school academic optimism levels of primary school teachers was found higher than that of high school teachers. A significant relationship between teachers’ trust in the organizational and the level of school academic optimism was found only in secondary schools. While there is a low positive relationship between the teachers’ trust in the administrator and school academic optimism levels in primary school, there is a moderate positive relationship in secondary and high schools. While primary teachers' trust in the administrator does not predict school academic optimism levels; level of trust of secondary and high schools teachers to administrators predicts about school academic optimism levels of their schools.
The relationship of emotional ıntelligence and ınstitutional culture with organizational cynicism<p>Duygusal zekâ ve kurum kültürü algısının örgütsel sinizmle ilişkisi
Authors: Okumuş Alparslan , Şahin Mustafa 
Published: January 2019

In this study, Turkey organizational cynicism relationship of emotional intelligence and corporate culture perceptions of personnel working in research centers attached to the Ministry of Education was examined. This research is designed according to one of the quantitative research approaches. In this study, the research group in the 2016-2017 academic year guidance research centers in various cities in Turkey tasks that constitute 364 staff. Personal Information Form, Corporate Culture Scale, Emotional Intelligence Scale and Organizational Cynicism Scale were used to collect the research data. In order to analyze the data, Pearson Moment Correlation Coefficient and hierarchical regression analysis were used to analyze the data. As a result of the analysis of the research data, it has been found that there is a relationship between corporate culture and emotional intelligence and organizational cynicism. The results were discussed in the context of literature and some suggestions were made according to the results.Extended English summary is in the end of Full Text PDF (TURKISH) file. ÖzetBu çalışmada Türkiye Milli Eğitim Bakanlığına bağlı rehberlik araştırma merkezlerinde çalışan personelin duygusal zekâ ve kurum kültürü algılarının örgütsel sinizmle ilişkisi incelenmiştir. Bu araştırma nicel araştırma yaklaşımlarından biri olan tarama modeline göre tasarlanmıştır. Bu çalışmanın araştırma grubu 2016-2017 eğitim-öğretim yılında Türkiye’nin çeşitli illerindeki rehberlik araştırma merkezlerinde görev yapan 364 personel oluşturmaktadır. Araştırma verilerini toplamak için “Kişisel Bilgi Formu”, “Kurum Kültürü Ölçeği”, “Duygusal Zekâ Ölçeği” ve “Örgütsel Sinizm Ölçeği” kullanılmıştır. Verilerin analizi için parametrik yöntemlerden Pearson Momentler Çarpımı korelasyon katsayısı tekniği ve hiyerarşik regresyon analizinden yararlanılmıştır. Araştırma verilerinin analizi sonucunda kurum kültürü ve duygusal zekâ ile örgütsel sinizm arasında bir ilişki olduğu tespit edilmiş olup, kurum kültürünün alt boyutlarından olan sosyalleşmenin ve duygusal zekânın örgütsel sinizmi anlamlı düzeyde yordadığı sonucuna ulaşılmıştır. Sonuçlar literatür bağlamında tartışılmış ve elde edilen sonuçlar doğrultusunda bazı önerilerde bulunulmuştur.
Population Policy, Demographic Change, and Firm Returns: Evidence from China
Authors: An Zhiyong , Hou Yilin 
Published: January 2019

Abstract
We take advantage of China’s relaxation in January 2014 of its “one-child” family planning policy to study the causal relationship between expected future demographic changes and firms’ stock returns. We use an event study method as our identification strategy and employ data from Chinese stock markets to implement the analysis. We find consistent evidence suggesting that expected demographic changes exert statistically and economically significant effects on firms’ stock returns. We address four potential threats about the validity of our empirical design and argue that our conclusion is not China-specific, but a generic lesson portable to developed countries.
New Monitoring Program of Transformer Substation Foundation Settlement
Authors: Hu Jin-Lei , Wang Wen-Bo , Zhang Zhemin , Zhang Kun , Hua Kui , Chen Ran 
Published: January 2019

Abstract
In order to solve the problem of foundation settlement monitoring, this paper presents a monitoring program of substation foundation settlement, which is based on the distributed optical sensing technology. The composition of the hardware monitoring system and the wiring scheme of stress optical cables were described. The results of simulation experiment showed that the Brillouin optical time domain analysis could well meet the precision requirements of substation settlement monitoring. Moreover, the temperature reference optical fibers should be laid for temperature compensation. This paper can provide the basis for further prevention of substation foundation settlement.
A cognitive approach to teaching deictic motion verbs to German and Italian students of Spanish
Authors: Colasacco Marina Anna 
Published: January 2019

Abstract
In this study we compare two instruction approaches (cognitive and traditional) to the teaching of Spanish deictic motion verbs –ir, venir, llevar and traer– to German and Italian learners. We also analyse whether the students’ first language (Italian or German) influences the results of the cognitive methodology we applied. The Cognitive Instruction combined the basic principles of Cognitive Grammar with those of Processing Instruction for activities in which students practice both comprehension and production. We carried out a survey of 274 university students who were learning Spanish (Level B1) at universities in Italy and Germany. Students carried out a test prior to receiving the instruction and three tests subsequently, one immediately afterwards, the second a week later and the third, a month later. The cognitive methodology proved to be beneficial and positive. The students who received cognitive instruction made better form-meaning connections and showed higher performances in the use of deictic motion verbs than those who received traditional instruction. The learners’ L1 did not appear to influence the results of the groups that received the cognitive method of instruction.
Verberuflichung der sport- und fitnessbranche – zur akzeptanz zweier dualer ausbildungsberufe, konkretisiert am beispiel schleswig-holstein
Authors: Herkner Volkmar , Kossowski André 
Published: January 2019

Zusammenfassung
Die Sport- und Fitnessbranche ist in den vergangenen Jahren zunehmend verberuflicht worden. Dazu haben sich zunächst auf empirischem Wege Erwerbsberufe entwickelt. Im Jahre 2001 wurde ein erster dualer Ausbildungsberuf für diesen Markt geschaffen, 2007 ein zweiter. Die Entwicklungen der beiden Ausbildungsberufe gehen jedoch stark auseinander. Während der Beruf „Sport- und Fitnesskaufmann/-kauffrau“ als stark nachgefragter Ausbildungsberuf mit überdurchschnittlich großen Versorgungsproblemen gelten kann, ist der jüngere Ausbildungsberuf „Sportfachmann/Sportfachfrau“ lediglich ein Splitterberuf mit weiter sinkenden Auszubildendenzahlen. In dem Beitrag werden diese Phänomene behandelt. Dabei zeigt sich, dass die Branche gerade für die Berufs- und die Berufsbildungsforschung enorm interessant, bislang aber von ihr kaum betrachtet worden ist.
ANALISA KELAYAKAN USAHA BUDIDAYA UDANG VANNAMEI DI DESA DUKUH TUNGGAL, KECAMATAN GLAGAH, KABUPATEN LAMONGAN
Authors: Sa’adah Wachidatus 
Published: January 2019

Pengembangan sektor perikanan sampai saat ini akan pemenuhan produksi perikanan baik untuk kebutuhan ekspor maupun konsumsi didomisili oleh hasil perikanan tangkap. Produk hasil perikanan darat juga telah mampu menunjukkan dukungan positif terhadap peningkatan ekspor non migas nasional. Penelitian ini dilaksanakan di Desa Dukuh Tunggal Kecamatan Glagah Kabupaten Lamongan pada Bulan Maret 2018 dengan tujuan untuk mengetahui apakah usaha budidaya udang vannamei ini layak untuk diusahakan. Metode yang digunakan adalah dengan pendekatan kuantitatif. Hasil yang diperoleh menunjukkan bahwa masing-masing responden nilai R/C rationya lebih besar dari 1. Hal ini berarti bahwa usaha ini dikatakan layak karena menguntungkan. Oleh karena itu perlu adanya pengembangan usaha agar pemenuhan produksi udang vannamei untuk ekspor bisa tercapai.Title: Feasibility Analysis of Vannamei Shrimp Cultivation Business in Dukuh Tunggal Village, Glagah District, Lamongan DistrictThe development of the fisheries sector to date will fulfill fisheries production both for export and consumption needs dominated by capture fisheries products. In land fishery products have also been able to show positive support for increasing national non-oil and gas exports. Research was conducted in Dukuh Tunggal Village, Glagah Sub District, Lamongan District during March 2018, with purpose to find out whether vannamei shrimp cultivation is feasible to be cultivated. The quantitative approach was used for data analysis. The result shows that R/C ratio of each respondents is greater than 1. It means that this business is said to be feasible because it is profitable. Therefore, it is necessary to develop business so that the fulfillment of vannamei shrimp production for export can be achieved.
Aktywność edukacyjna seniorów a koncepcja aktywnego starzenia się
Authors: Kawińska Martyna 
Published: January 2019

Aktywność edukacyjna seniorów a koncepcja aktywnego starzenia się. Artykuł jest próbą odpowiedzi na pytanie, jak w zmieniającej się rzeczywistości zarządzać nieuniknioną starością. Celem prezentowanego opracowania jest przybliżenie koncepcji aktywnego starzenia się i określenia roli edukacji w tym procesie. Przedstawione rozważania mają charakter teoretyczny, pogłębiony o literaturę przedmiotu i opracowania statystyczne. Główny wniosek płynący z opracowania to przekonanie, że edukacja jest nie tylko szansą, ale gwarantem aktywnego starzenia się, pod warunkiem że będzie realizowana w sposób systemowy i długotrwały.