bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The Ozone Monitoring Instrument: overview of 14 years in space
Authors: Levelt Pieternel F. , Joiner Joanna , Tamminen Johanna , Veefkind J. Pepijn , Bhartia Pawan K. , Stein Zweers Deborah C. , Duncan Bryan N. , Streets David G. , Eskes Henk , van der A Ronald , McLinden Chris , Fioletov Vitali , Carn Simon , de Laat Jos , DeLand Matthew , Marchenko Sergey , McPeters Richard , Ziemke Jerald , Fu Dejian , Liu Xiong , Pickering Kenneth , Apituley Arnoud , González Abad Gonzalo , Arola Antti , Boersma Folkert , Chan Miller Christopher , Chance Kelly , de Graaf Martin , Hakkarainen Janne , Hassinen Seppo , Ialongo Iolanda , Kleipool Quintus , Krotkov Nickolay , Li Can , Lamsal Lok , Newman Paul , Nowlan Caroline , Suleiman Raid , Tilstra Lieuwe Gijsbert , Torres Omar , Wang Huiqun , Wargan Krzysztof 
Published: April 2018

Abstract. This overview paper highlights the successes of the Ozone Monitoring Instrument (OMI) on board the Aura satellite spanning a period of nearly 14 years. Data from OMI has been used in a wide range of applications and research resulting in many new findings. Due to its unprecedented spatial resolution, in combination with daily global coverage, OMI plays a unique role in measuring trace gases important for the ozone layer, air quality, and climate change. With the operational very fast delivery (VFD; direct readout) and near real-time (NRT) availability of the data, OMI also plays an important role in the development of operational services in the atmospheric chemistry domain.
Managing uncertainty in flood protection planning with climate projections
Authors: Dittes Beatrice , Špačková Olga , Schoppa Lukas , Straub Daniel 
Published: April 2018

Abstract. Technical flood protection is a necessary part of integrated strategies to
protect riverine settlements from extreme floods. Many technical flood
protection measures, such as dikes and protection walls, are costly to adapt
after their initial construction. This poses a challenge to decision makers
as there is large uncertainty in how the required protection level will
change during the measure lifetime, which is typically many decades long.
Flood protection requirements should account for multiple future uncertain
factors: socioeconomic, e.g., whether the population and with it the damage
potential grows or falls; technological, e.g., possible advancements in flood
protection; and climatic, e.g., whether extreme discharge will become more
frequent or not. This paper focuses on climatic uncertainty. Specifically, we
devise methodology to account for uncertainty associated with the use of
discharge projections, ultimately leading to planning implications. For
planning purposes, we categorize uncertainties as either “visible”, if they
can be quantified from available catchment data, or “hidden”, if they
cannot be quantified from catchment data and must be estimated, e.g., from
the literature. It is vital to consider the “hidden uncertainty”, since in
practical applications only a limited amount of information (e.g., a finite
projection ensemble) is available. We use a Bayesian approach to quantify the
“visible uncertainties” and combine them with an estimate of the hidden
uncertainties to learn a joint probability distribution of the parameters of
extreme discharge. The methodology is integrated into an optimization
framework and applied to a pre-alpine case study to give a quantitative,
cost-optimal recommendation on the required amount of flood protection. The
results show that hidden uncertainty ought to be considered in planning, but
the larger the uncertainty already present, the smaller the impact of adding
more. The recommended planning is robust to moderate changes in uncertainty
as well as in trend. In contrast, planning without consideration of bias and
dependencies in and between uncertainty components leads to strongly
suboptimal planning recommendations.
“In Ireland He's Considered an Irish-American Playwright”: Eugene O'Neill, A Touch of the Poet, and the Irish Play
Authors: Westgate J. Chris 
Published: April 2018

Abstract
This article examines the ways in which the US theatergoing public discussed and valued Irishness on stage in the early twenty-first century. It does so through examination of the public discourse which surrounded the 2005 revival of Eugene O'Neill's A Touch of the Poet, which starred Gabriel Byrne and which underscored elements of Irishness for the production, play, and playwright.
How O'Neill's Irishness Translates for the Chinese
Authors: Xu Shiyan 
Published: April 2018

Abstract
“The one thing that explains more than anything about me is the fact that I'm Irish,” Eugene O'Neill informed his son Eugene Jr. in 1946. “And, strangely enough, it is something that all the writers who have attempted to explain me and my work have overlooked.” As the translator of Robert Dowling's Eugene O'Neill: A Life in Four Acts, I have been trying to convey to Chinese readers the Irish aspect of Eugene O'Neill, whose plays, although widely translated and staged in China, have been mostly studied as those of a well-known American playwright. In this article, examples will be taken from the author-translator collaboration to convey O'Neill's Irishness in the best possible way. I hope Chinese readers, when reading the Chinese version of the biography, may also feel Ireland as the constant presence.
Characterising double frequent users in an emergency department
Authors: Raidla Annelie , Dárro Katrin , Carlson Tobias , Carlström Eric 
Published: April 2018

Visits by frequent users (FUs) has been suggested as one reason for crowding in emergency departments (EDs). In this article, we identified the characteristics of double frequent users (DFUs), ≥ 8 visits during 12 months in an ED during a period of six years, in one ED in Western Sweden. The primary outcome was to characterise DFUs and find common reasons for repeatedly visiting the ED. We conducted a retrospective cohort analysis on register data covering six years of all visits. The DFUs share of all visitors to the ED was not more than 0.03% (144 individuals), but their share of visits was 2.4% (1,017 visits/year). Chest pain and abdominal pain were the most common complaints. A typical DFU is male, around 50-year-old, unemployed, non-immigrant, suffering from alcohol abuse and/or mental health conditions. The results point to the need for changing strategies in ED services towards DFUs suffering from alcohol abuse and/or mental health conditions. The ED prioritises the severely ill but lacks resources and continuity for handling chronic diseases and follow-up routines.
The Factors Affecting Jordanians Housewives Consumption Behavior: A Qualitative Approach
Authors: Obeidat Mohammad Ibrahim , Oweidat Abdullah , Hamdi Nazieh , Obeidat Zaid Mohammad 
Published: April 2018

Based on the findings of semi-structured interviews with (N=129) Jordanian housewives, this study examined the psychological, social, and marketing influences on the purchase and consumption behavior of Jordanian housewives. Overall, the findings of this study showed that the purchase decisions of the housewives were motivated by necessity to satisfy basic needs and the family appeared to be the main influencer affecting the housewife purchase decision. With regards to the factors prohibiting consumption, inflation appeared to be the main factor discouraging housewives from making purchases. A number of managerial implications and suggestions are also presented.
Voorlopige vrijheidsbeperking vooropgesteld
Authors: Meijer S. 
Published: April 2018

Voorlopige vrijheidsbeperking vooropgesteld
De regeling van de voorlopige hechtenis verandert mogelijk ingrijpend, blijkens het conceptwetsvoorstel tot vaststelling van Boek 2 van het nieuwe Wetboek van Strafvordering. De rechter krijgt ingevolge dit voorstel de mogelijkheid om in plaats van de voorlopige hechtenis de voorlopige vrijheidsbeperking te bevelen en de schorsing van de voorlopige hechtenis komt te vervallen. De ultimum remedium-gedachte rechtvaardigt dat gekozen wordt voor een systeem waarin de voorlopige vrijheidsbeperking voorop staat. Dat stelsel geniet ook op Europees niveau de voorkeur. De keuze voor dit systeem is evenwel niet geheel zonder risico’s en het vooropstellen van de voorlopige vrijheidsbeperking zal de praktijk ook voor nieuwe uitdagingen stellen. In deze bijdrage worden deze risico’s besproken en wordt een aantal aanbevelingen gedaan tot aanpassing van het voorliggende conceptwetsvoorstel.
Effects of acute sleep deprivation and caffeine supplementation on anaerobic performance
Authors: Moore Joss , McDonald Ciaran , McIntyre Alan , Carmody Kevin , Donne Bernard 
Published: April 2018

Purpose: Athletes involved in team sports may be subject to varying degrees of sleep deprivation either before or after training and competition. Despite the belief among athletes and coaches of the importance of adequate sleep for ensuing performance, the effect of sleep loss on team-sport anaerobic performance remains unclear. There is conflicting evidence in the scientific literature as to the impact of acute sleep deprivation and caffeine supplementation on anaerobic performance indices. The purpose of this study is to investigate the effect of 24 hours of acute sleep deprivation on anaerobic performance and the effect of caffeine supplementation on anaerobic performance in the sleep deprived state.
Methods: 11 club level games players (n=11, 25±4 yr, 178±7.5 cm, 80.2±10.4 kg, 15.1±5.6% body fat) participated in a repeated measures double-blinded placebo control trial. Following familiarisation, each participant returned for testing on three separate occasions. One of the testing sessions took place following a night of normal sleep and the other two sessions took place following 24 hours of sleep deprivation with supplementation of either placebo or 6 mg.kg- 1 of caffeine. During each testing session participants performed the vertical jump height, 20-m straight sprint, Illinois speed agility test and 5-m shuttle run.
Results: No significant differences were detected comparing non sleep deprived and sleep deprived interventions in any of the assessed outcome measures. There were also no significant differences observed in any of the outcome measures when comparing caffeine and placebo data in the sleep deprived state.
Conclusion: In this cohort of athletes, a 24-h period of acute sleep deprivation did not have any significant impact on anaerobic performance. Caffeine also did not have any effect of on anaerobic performance in the sleep-deprived state.
Ambulatory positional obstructive sleep apnea syndrome
Authors: Di-Tullio Fernando , Ernst Glenda , Robaina Gabriela , Blanco Magali , Salvado Alejandro , Meraldi Ana , Bosio Martin , Borsini Eduardo 
Published: April 2018

Objective: To establish the prevalence of positional (PP) OSA patients using self-administered home-based respiratory polygraphy (RP).
Materials and Methods: 52 month retrospective study based on RP records.
Results: 200 PR records: 70.5% men 29.5% women. 76% were diagnosed with OSA and 54.6% with PP OSA. There were no significant differences in Epworth Sleepiness Scale, apnea hypopnea index and oxygen desaturation index. PP OSA patients were younger, had a lower BMI (30.3±0.9 vs. 35.3±1.2) (p<0.0001), and the time they spent with oxygen saturation <90% (T<90) was lower (8.8 vs. 28.7±6.7, p=0.0038). The PP OSA group spent 43% of total recording time in the supine position.
Conclusions: The prevalence of PP OSA patients studied with RP is similar to the one described by sleep laboratories. They have lower BMI, present mostly mild OSA with less desaturation, and are less likely to receive CPAP therapy.
The Clinical Value of Diffusion-Weighted Magnetic Resonance Imaging in Diabetic Foot Infection
Authors: Eren Mehmet Ali , Karakaş Ekrem , Torun Ayşe Nur , Sabuncu Tevfik 
Published: April 2018

Background:
Osteomyelitis is a common complication in the diabetic foot that can conclude with amputation. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the role of diffusion-weighted magnetic resonance imaging (DWI) in the diagnosis of osteomyelitis in diabetic foot ulcer (DFU).

Methods:
Thirty patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus and a DFU were enrolled. Both DWIs and conventional MRIs were obtained. Apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC) measurements were made by transferring the images to a workstation. The measurements were made both from bone with osteomyelitis, or nearest to the injured area if osteomyelitis is not available, and from the adjacent soft tissue.

Results:
The patients comprised nine women (30%) and 21 men (70%) with a mean age of 58.7 years (range, 41–78 years). The levels of ADC were significantly low (P = .022) and the erythrocyte sedimentation rates were significantly high (P = .014) in patients with osteomyelitis (n = 9) compared with patients without osteomyelitis (n = 21). The mean ± SD bone ADC value (0.75 ± 0.16 × 10–3 mm2/sec) was significantly lower than the adjacent soft-tissue ADC value (0.90 ± 0.15 × 10–3 mm2/sec) in patients with osteomyelitis (P = .04).

Conclusions:
It is suggested that DWI contributes to conventional MRI with short imaging time and no requirement for contrast agent. Therefore, DWI may be an alternative diagnostic method for the evaluation of DFU and the detection of osteomyelitis.
An online catalog of muscle variants: Student perceptions of a new opportunity for self-directed learning
Authors: Bale Logan S. , Herrin Sean O. , Brandt Natasha M. , Enos Naomi M. 
Published: April 2018

Objective:Muscle variants are common findings in dissection laboratories. These anomalous structures can be relevant in the diagnosis and management of certain conditions and therefore could be incorporated into anatomy curricula at chiropractic colleges. We aimed to create an online resource of muscle variants to facilitate student self-directed learning within this area of study.Methods:At the time of their discovery during routine educational dissection, muscle variants included in the catalog were documented and subsequent case reports written. All content created for this resource, including photographs and videos, was hosted on the institution's learning management system. Students enrolled in our doctor of chiropractic program were invited to view the catalog and encouraged to leave feedback by completing an online survey.Results:Student responses to Likert-style survey questions generally indicated high levels of satisfaction regarding the utility and features of the catalog. Open-ended and Likert-style survey questions were used to help guide the future directions of this developing resource. Concurrent anatomy students were not more likely to contribute to the catalog compared to students who had previously completed the university's anatomy course series (p = .75, 2-tailed Fisher exact test).Conclusion:An online supplement to graduate-level gross anatomy courses can aid in the instruction of muscle variants by providing an opportunity for student self-directed learning. This resource will be updated continually and will be expanded on to include neurovascular and visceral variants. Student participation will be sought in developing future content to be included in this catalog.
IL‐17A promotes the invasion–metastasis cascade via the AKT pathway in hepatocellular carcinoma
Authors: Xu Qing‐guo , Yu Jian , Guo Xing‐gang , Hou Guo‐jun , Yuan Sheng‐xian , Yang Yuan , Yang Yun , Liu Hui , Pan Ze‐ya , Yang Fu , Gu Fang‐ming , Zhou Wei‐ping 
Published: April 2018

We previously demonstrated that interleukin‐17A (IL‐17A) is associated with the progression of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). However, its role in the invasion–metastasis cascade of HCC and the efficacy of IL‐17A‐targeting therapeutics in HCC remain largely unknown. In this study, we found that IL‐17A promoted intrahepatic and pulmonary metastasesis of HCC cells in an orthotopic implant model. Moreover, our results showed that IL‐17A induced epithelial–mesenchymal transition (EMT) and promoted HCC cell colonization in vitro and in vivo, and the role of IL‐17A in invasion–metastasis was dependent on activation of the AKT pathway. Remarkably, combined therapy using both secukinumab and sorafenib has better inhibition on tumour growth and metastasis compared to sorafenib monotherapy. Additionally, the combination of intratumoral IL‐17A+ cells and E‐cadherin predicted the outcome of patients with HCC at an early stage after hepatectomy based on tissue microarray and immunohistochemistry. In conclusion, our studies reveal that IL‐17A induces early EMT and promotes late colonization of HCC metastasis by activating AKT signalling. Secukinumab is a promising candidate for clinical development in combination with sorafenib for the management of HCC.
Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) – Method for the determination of semi‐volatile PAHs in workplace air using high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) [Air Monitoring Methods, 2018]
Authors: Assenmacher‐Maiworm H. , Hahn J.‐U. , Heinrich B. , Schuh C. , Hebisch R. , Brock T.H. , Hartwig A. ,   MAK Commission
Published: April 2018

AbstractThis analytical method is a validated measurement procedure for the determination of six semi‐volatile polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) from the EPA list (US Environmental Protection Agency) such as benzo[b]fluoranthene, benzo[k]fluoranthene, benzo[a]pyrene, dibenzo[a,h]anthracene, benzo[ghi]perylene, indeno[1,2,3‐cd]pyrene and also benzo[e]pyren in workplace air averaged over the sampling period after personal or stationary sampling. Sampling is performed by drawing a defined volume of air through a PTFE filter, which is inserted in a GSP sampling system. The collected PAH components are extracted with a mixture of acetonitrile/methanol and analysed by means of high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) with fluorescence detection. The quantitative determination of the PAHs is based on calibration functions obtained by means of multiple‐point calibrations. The limit of quantification for an individual PAH is in the range from 0.0012 to 0.0043 µg/m3.Joint Publication of the Analytical Subcommittee of the Chemistry Board of Experts of the Expert Committee Raw Materials and Chemical Industry of the German Social Accident Insurance and the working group “Air Analyses” of the Permanent Senate Commission of the Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft for the Investigation of Health Hazards of Chemical Compounds in the Work Area.
Di‐(2‐ethylhexyl)phthalat (DEHP) [BAT Value Documentation in German language, 2018]
Authors: Rettenmeier A.W. , Drexler H. , Hartwig A. ,   MAK Commission
Published: April 2018

AbstractThe German Commission for the Investigation of Health Hazards of Chemical Compounds in the Work Area has evaluated di(2‐ethylhexyl) phthalate [CAS No. 118‐81‐7] in 2017 and has derived a biological guidance value at the workplace (BLW) for the combined urinary concentration of the four major DEHP metabolites mono(2‐ethylhexyl) phthalate (MEHP), mono(2‐ethyl‐5‐hydroxyhexyl) phthalate (5‐OH‐MEHP), mono(2‐ethyl‐5‐oxohexyl) phthalate (5‐oxo‐MEHP) and mono(2‐ethyl‐5‐carboxypentyl) phthalate (5‐cx‐MEPP). Available publications are described in detail.Human studies are not available for deriving a quantitative relationship between the internal dose and the critical toxic effects of DEHP (tumor promotion in the liver, respiratory effects, reproductive and developmental toxicity). Therefore, the evaluation of the BLW was based on the relationship between DEHP uptake by inhalation at the MAK value and the urinary excretion rates of MEHP, 5‐OH‐MEHP, 5‐oxo‐MEHP and 5‐cx‐MEPP, using a conversion factor that defines this relationship. In accordance with this conversion factor external exposure to DEHP at the MAK value corresponds to a combined urinary concentration of the four metabolites of approx. 4 mg/g creatinine at steady state. As the conversion factor has been derived from oral DEHP uptake and metabolite excretion data of only one male volunteer, the concentration of 4 mg/g creatinine is considered a BLW. Sampling time for long‐term exposure is at the end of the shift after several previous shifts.
n‐Butylbenzol [MAK Value Documentation in German language, 2018]
Authors: Hartwig A. ,   MAK Commission
Published: April 2018

AbstractThe German Commission for the Investigation of Health Hazards of Chemical Compounds in the Work Area has evaluated n‐butylbenzene [104‐51‐8], considering all toxicological endpoints. Available publications are described in detail. In an oral two‐generation study in rats, increased kidney weights and centrilobular hypertrophy in the liver is observed with n‐butylbenzene. The corresponding NOAEL of 100 mg/kg body weight and day is scaled to a maximum concentration at the workplace (MAK value) of 10 ml/m3. Studies on the possible irritation of the airways after repeated inhalation exposure are lacking, however, the acute RD50value of 710 ml/m3in mice is indicative of an irritation threshold of about 20 ml/m3in humans. Therefore, the systemic effect is critical and Peak Limitation Category II is designated. As the half‐life of n‐butylbenzene is not known, the default excursion factor of 2 for systemically acting substances is established.There are no developmental toxicity studies. Therefore, n‐butylbenzene is assigned to Pregnancy Risk Group D. There are no data on genotoxicity, carcinogenicity and sensitization. According to skin absorption models, percutaneous absorption can contribute significantly to systemic toxicity and n‐butylbenzene is designated with an “H” notation.
Naled [MAK Value Documentation in German language, 2018]
Authors: Hartwig A. ,   MAK Commission
Published: April 2018

Abstract

The German Commission for the Investigation of Health Hazards of Chemical Compounds in the Work Area has re‐evaluated the maximum concentration at the work place (MAK value) and the Pregnancy Risk Group of naled [
300‐76‐5
].

Naled is a cholinesterase inhibitor. In an 13‐week study in rats at 1 mg/m³ there was a 18 % inhibition of the cholinesterase activity in erythrocytes. The calculated lower 95 % confidence limit of the benchmark dose (BMDL) for a 30 % inhibition, which is regarded as not adverse, was 2 mg/m³. A MAK value of 1 mg/m³ was established for the inhalable fraction. It is now lowered to 0.5 mg/m³ taking into account the increased respiratory volume at the workplace (see List of MAK and BAT values, chapters I b and I c). Since a systemic effect is the critical effect, Peak limitation Category II is retained and the default excursion factor of 2 confirmed.
For rats, the NOAEL for developmental toxicity was 8 mg/kg body weight and day. Naled was assigned to Pregnancy Risk Group C because the difference between the MAK value and the NOAEL scaled to a concentration in the workplace air was sufficient. There are no new data on developmental toxicity. This classification is retained since now the difference to the MAK value is twice as high.