bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Unified discrete mechanics III: the hyperincursive discrete Klein-Gordon equation bifurcates to the 4 incursive discrete Majorana and Dirac equations and to the 16 Proca equations
Authors: Dubois Daniel M 
Published: June 2019

Abstract
This paper presents the second order hyperincursive discrete Klein-Gordon equation in three spatial dimensions. This discrete Klein-Gordon equation bifurcates to 4 incursive discrete equations. We present the 4 incursive discrete Dubois-Ord-Mann real equations and the corresponding first order partial differential equations. In three spatial dimensions, the two oscillators given by these equations are now entangled with one spatial dimension, so the 4 equations form a whole. Then, we deduce the 4 incursive discrete Dubois-Majorana real equations and the corresponding first order partial differential equations. Next, these Dubois-Majorana real equations are presented in the generic form of the Dirac 4-spinors equation. In making a change in the indexes of the 4 functions in the Dubois-Majorana equations, the 4 first order partial differential equations become identical to the Majorana real 4-spinors equations. Then, we demonstrate that the Majorana equations bifurcate to the 8 real Dirac first order partial differential equations that are transformed to the original Dirac 4-spinors equations. Then, we give the 4 incursive discrete Dirac 4-spinors equations. Finally, we show that there are 16 discrete functions associated to the space and time symmetric discrete Klein-Gordon equation. This is in agreement with the Proca thesis on the 16 components of the Dirac wave function in 4 groups of 4 equations. In this paper, we restricted our derivation of the Majorana and Dirac equations to the first group of 4 equations depending on 4 functions.
Wildfire suppression technology: Exploration for a directed energy beam (DEB) attenuating electron transfer by cyclical vacuum subduction of dioxygen dication species, O2
2+
Authors: Amoroso Richard L , Giandinoto Salvatore , Karam Sabah E 
Published: June 2019

Abstract
Modeling wildfire suppression technology, inspired by Einstein’s long quest for a final theory, is based on a Unified Field Mechanical (UFM) Ontological-Phase Topological Field Theory (OPTFT) derived from modified M-theory, parameters of the Wheeler-Feynman-Cramer Transactional Interpretation, with combined extensions of a de Broglie-Bohm Implicate Order super-quantum potential as a unified field force of coherence control factor. The device is multiphasic. Operationally, O2 electron transfer attenuation occurs by nonlocal matter-wave phase adduction/subduction interference nodes in dynamic-static Casimir-Polder resonant interactions pertinent to bumps and holes within a covariant polarized Dirac vacuum as the most salient feature of dioxygen dication, O2
2+ coupling to mirror symmetric nonlocal antispace (vacuum), rather than neutral molecular species in local 3-space as demonstrated in experimental studies of dioxygen dication, O2
2+. Additionally, beam emission requires a new dual class of nonlocal OCHRE (Oscillation Coupled Helicoid Resonance Emission) in tandem with localized OCRET (Optically Controlled Resonance Energy Transfer) to produce ballistic-like conduction of vacuum energy by the summation of cyclical resonant incursive oscillations within the structure of cellular Least Units tessellating spacetime as a means of mediating the additional dimensionality (XD) of brane topological phase transitions in the Bulk. Finally, device operation requires an M-theoretic form of scalable universal quantum computing (UQC), a paradigm shift beyond confines of the locality-unitarity basis of presently standard Copenhagen quantum theory.
A new quantum - relativistic model of tachyons
Authors: Caligiuri Luigi Maxmilian 
Published: June 2019

Abstract
The possible existence of tachyons, namely hypothetical particles always moving faster than light in vacuum, is still controversial due to the common belief they would violate the principle of macroscopic causality, despite their existence is not forbidden, in principle, by the Einstein’s Special Theory of Relativity. Indeed, the main difficulties with tachyons are rather related to other two questions: their expected imaginary rest mass and the lack of a physical mechanism able to explain their existence especially from the standpoint of quantum theory. In this paper we discuss a novel physical mechanism, based on QED coherence in matter and on a reformulation of Special Theory of Relativity in the space-like region, able to explain a possible origin of tachyons as well as their real-value rest mass, ultimately related to the coherent dynamics of quantum vacuum.
Review of the time-symmetric hyperincursive discrete harmonic oscillator separable into two incursive harmonic oscillators with the conservation of the constant of motion
Authors: Dubois Daniel M 
Published: June 2019

Abstract
This paper deals with a review of the properties of the hyperincursive discrete harmonic oscillator separable into two incursive discrete harmonic oscillators. We begin with a presentation step by step of the second order discrete harmonic oscillator. Then the 4 incursive discrete equations of the hyperincursive discrete harmonic oscillator are presented. The constants of motion of the two incursive discrete harmonic oscillators are analyzed. After that, we give a numerical simulation of the incursive discrete harmonic oscillator. The numerical values correspond exactly to the analytical solutions. Then we present the hyperincursive discrete harmonic oscillator. And we give also a numerical simulation of the hyperincursive discrete harmonic oscillator. The numerical values correspond also to the analytical solutions. Finally, we demonstrate that a rotation on the position and velocity variables of the incursive discrete harmonic oscillators gives rise to a pure quadratic expression of the constant of motion which is an ellipse. This result is fundamental because it gives an explanation of the effect of the discretization of the time in discrete physics. The information obtained from the incursive and hyperincursive discrete equations is richer than the information obtained by continuous physics. In conclusion, we have shown the temporal discretization of the harmonic oscillator produces a rotation similarly to the formalism of the special relativity dealing with rotations.
Magnetic monopole as the shadow side of the electric charge
Authors: Krasnoholovets Volodymyr 
Published: June 2019

AbstractIt is shown that a magnetic monopole appears as the tension state of the primary electric charge at its motion through each section of the path equal to the particle’s de Broglie wavelength. This conclusion is followed from a submicroscopic consideration of particles and their motion in the framework of the theory of physical space in the form of a tessellattice developed by Michel Bounias and the author. The periodical change of the particle’s charged state to its monopole state can easily be introduced in the conventional Maxwell equations and the magnetic monopole automatically shows up in the structure of Maxwell’s equations. The monopole is also presented in any quark system as a quark obeys dynamics that are also characterized by the appropriate de Broglie wavelength and hence the electric charge changes periodically to the magnetic monopole. A (anti)neutrino emerges as the typical electron’s monopole. When the charged particle becomes the monopole, it also loses its mass (the mass passes to the particle’s inerton cloud) and thus the neutrino is a massless particle, or more correctly massless monopole.
LIGO: The hypothesis of photons with non-zero rest mass
Authors: Marchal Christian 
Published: June 2019

Abstract
This study is done under the following assumptions: A) The results presented in the two relativistic works of Henri Poincaré “Sur la dynamique de l’électron” [1,2] are true. B) the “second principle” of Einstein, the constancy of the velocity of light, in “Zür Elektrodynamik der bewegten Körper” [4)], is not necessarily true and the photons can have an extremely small but non-zero rest mass mo. Of course all photons will be considered as identical, an already common assumption for electrons, for protons and for all particles. In these conditions are analyzed the small modifications of the aberration of stars, of the Doppler-Fizeau effect, of the Maxwell equations for the propagation of electromagnetic fields, etc. Some test observations and experiments are proposed. The photon-photon interaction is analyzed. It may have very large consequences in astronomy and cosmology.
Lorentz violation and quantum mechanics
Authors: Petrucci Andrea. 
Published: June 2019

Abstract
We report and discuss the results of double-slit-like experiments in the infrared range, which evidence an anomalous behaviour of photon systems under particular (energy and space) constraints. These outcomes apparently disagree both with standard quantum mechanics (Copenhagen interpretation) and with classical and quantum electrodynamics. Possible interpretations can be given in terms of either the existence of de Broglie–Bohm pilot waves associated to photons, and/or the violation of local Lorentz invariance (LLI). We put forward an intriguing hypothesis about the possible connection between these seemingly unrelated points of view by assuming that the pilot wave of a photon is, in the framework of LLI violation, a local deformation of the flat Minkowski spacetime.
A first step in evolving quantum cosmology
Authors: Seshavatharam U. V. S. , Lakshminarayana S. 
Published: June 2019

AbstractImplementing Mach’s principle and Planck scale simultaneously in entire cosmic evolution can be considered as a first step in quantum cosmology. In this context, we propose a simple model of quantum cosmology without dark energy. Our assumptions are: 1) Universe is a quantum gravitational object. 2) Planck scale and Mach’s principle play a combined role in entire cosmic evolution. 3) Cosmic thermal wavelength is inversely proportional to ordinary matter density ratio. 4) Ordinary matter density ratio and dark matter density ratio play a combined role in estimating cosmic expansion velocity. 5) Critical energy density and dark energy density are equal in magnitude and physically there exists no dark energy.
Quantum particle, light clock or heavy beat box?
Authors: Mark Martin B van der 
Published: June 2019

Abstract
A standing wave of light inside a cavity, while observed from a moving frame, is seen to have a spatial beat of precisely the same nature as that of the de Broglie wave of a quantum particle. The structural forces that hold together the cavity against the internal radiation pressure are compared to the so-called Poincaré stresses inside an elementary particle, as are required for the particle’s stability. This seems to work best if the cavity is non-rigid and hence is itself oscillating, coupled to the radiation inside.
A new linear theory of light and matter
Authors: Williamson John G. 
Published: June 2019

Abstract
A new theory is proposed with similar form and mechanics to the Dirac equation, but where the rest-mass is introduced in a more fundamental way. The new theory proves to encompass and extend classical electromagnetism, and reduce to it exactly in the field only case. A sharpening of the principle of relativity allows fully relativistic field only solutions, which take on some of the properties more usually associated with quantised states. The extended theory has four new solutions which exhibit a non-zero electric field divergence and a double-covering symmetry. These are necessarily charged, essentially fermionic states, two with positive and two with negative charge, differing by an inner spin symmetry. The new configurations are identified with the spin “up” and spin “down” electron and positron.
Direct Electrical Stimulation of Premotor Areas: Different Effects on Hand Muscle Activity during Object Manipulation
Authors: Fornia Luca , Rossi Marco , Rabuffetti Marco , Leonetti Antonella , Puglisi Guglielmo , Viganò Luca , Simone Luciano , Howells Henrietta , Bellacicca Andrea , Bello Lorenzo , Cerri Gabriella 
Published: June 2019

Abstract
Dorsal and ventral premotor (dPM and vPM) areas are crucial in control of hand muscles during object manipulation, although their respective role in humans is still debated. In patients undergoing awake surgery for brain tumors, we studied the effect of direct electrical stimulation (DES) of the premotor cortex on the execution of a hand manipulation task (HMt). A quantitative analysis of the activity of extrinsic and intrinsic hand muscles recorded during and in absence of DES was performed. Results showed that DES applied to premotor areas significantly impaired HMt execution, affecting task-related muscle activity with specific features related to the stimulated area. Stimulation of dorsal vPM induced both a complete task arrest and clumsy task execution, characterized by general muscle suppression. Stimulation of ventrocaudal dPM evoked a complete task arrest mainly due to a dysfunctional recruitment of hand muscles engaged in task execution. These results suggest that vPM and dPM contribute differently to the control of hand muscles during object manipulation. Stimulation of both areas showed a significant impact on motor output, although the different effects suggest a stronger relationship of dPM with the corticomotoneuronal circuit promoting muscle recruitment and a role for vPM in supporting sensorimotor integration.
DOZ047.45: The effect of transanastomotic feeding tubes on anastomotic strictures following esophageal atresia repair
Authors: LaRusso K , Lakabi R , Lévesque D , Laberge J-M , Emil S 
Published: June 2019

Abstract

Purpose
Recent studies have identified the use of transanastomotic tubes (TATs) as an independent risk factor for the development of strictures after repair of esophageal atresia (EA). We retrospectively analyzed a 25-year cohort of EA patients (1993–2018) to investigate the effect of TAT use on stricture formation.

Methods
Following institutional approval (MP-37–2019-2991), a retrospective study of all Type C and Type D EA patients who underwent primary repair was examined. Infants were included if they had surgery within the first two weeks of life and had a least one year of follow-up. Stricture was defined as the presence of symptoms confirmed by imaging and/or endoscopy. A multiple logistic regression model was used to compare stricture in those with and without TATs. Poisson regression was used to evaluate differences in postoperative outcomes listed in Table 1.

Results
Strictures occurred in 35 of 85 patients (41%). Of those with strictures, 25 (71%) had transanastomotic tubes. There was no significant difference in stricture rates between those with TATs and without TATs (odd ratio (OR) = 1.94, 95% confidence interval (CI): 0.78–5.06, P = 0.161). However, those who had TATs had a significantly higher number of dilations overall (rate ratio (RR) = 1.47, 95% CI: 1.09–2.03, P = 0.014). In patients with TATs, the time to enteral feeding was significantly shorter (RR = 0.37, 95% CI: 0.28–0.49, P < 0.001), but the time to oral feeding was significantly longer (RR = 1.37, CI: 1.20–1.56, P < 0.001). The TAT group had a 34% lower mean hospital length of stay. On multivariate analysis, there remained no difference in stricture rates between the two groups.

Conclusion
Transanastomotic tubes do not seem to result in increased strictures rates in our cohort, but significantly decrease time to initiation of enteral feeds and reduce the duration of hospital stay.
DOZ047.60: Evaluation of gastroesophageal reflux in children born with esophageal atresia using pH and impedance monitoring
Authors: Vergouwe F W T , van Wijk M P , ten Kate C A , Spaander M C W , Bruno M J , Wijnen R M H , Schnater J M , IJsselstijn H 
Published: June 2019

Abstract

Aim of the Study
The ESPHGAN-NASPGHAN guideline (Krishnan, 2016) recommends routine prescription of proton pump inhibitors in the first year of life after esophageal atresia (EA) repair, and to monitor gastroesophageal reflux (GER) using pH-impedance (pH-MII) monitoring and/or endoscopy at time of discontinuation and during long term follow up of these patients. This study aimed to evaluate acid and non-acid GER in infants and school-aged children with EA using pH-MII monitoring.

Methods
Children born with EA between 2011–2017, who underwent a 24-hour pH-MII study during infancy (≤18 months) or at 8 years old as part of a standardized longitudinal follow-up program, were included. Exclusion criteria were: isolated tracheoesophageal fistula, esophageal replacement therapy, tube feeding and monitoring < 18 hours. Anti-acid therapy was discontinued before pH-MII measurement. Data was collected on reflux index (RI; exposure to pH < 4 in %, >7% considered abnormal), retrograde bolus movements (RBM) and bolus clearance time (BCT). Automatically detected RBM were manually reviewed and modified/deleted if necessary.

Results
We included 57 children (51% male, 2% isolated EA, 44% thoracoscopic repair): 24 infants (median age 0.6 years) and 33 school-aged children (median age 8.2 years). In infants, median RI was 2.6% (abnormal in n = 2), median RBM was 61 (62% non-acid, 58% mixed) and median of the mean BCT was 11 seconds. In school-aged children, median RI was 0.3% (abnormal in n = 4), median RBM was 21 (64% non-acid, 75% mixed) and median of the mean BCT was 13 seconds. Of the automatically detected 3,313 RBM, 1,292 were manually deleted from the tracings: 52% of non-acid RBM and 8% of acid RBM (mainly misinterpreted swallows or one event recognized as several events).

Conclusions
Most children with EA off medication have a normal RI, yet experience a significant number of non-acid RBM. After manual revision of the tracings a high percentage of RBM was deleted. Our data show that automated impedance analysis software needs refinement for use in infants and children with EA, and question the need for standard anti-acid therapy in these patients.
DOZ047.63: Closing the gap: transitioning adolescents with esophageal atresia to adult care
Authors: Hawley A D , Brooks J-A E , Nightingale M G , Teague W J , Crameri J , Culnane E 
Published: June 2019

Abstract

Introduction
Evidence supports engaging adolescents and carers in an individualized transition process to improve health outcomes through increased patient knowledge, skills, adherence, quality of life and ultimately, engagement with adult services. Further, a comprehensive transition process promotes confidence in navigating adult health services. While transition for chronic medical cohorts has received considerable attention over decades, there is increasing recognition of the importance of transition for adolescents with surgical conditions.

Background
It is widely held that the transition of adolescents born with esophageal atresia (OA) from pediatric to adult services is important, and if not managed well, may compromise outcomes. We designed and implemented a transition process for adolescent OA patients at our hospital (with establishment of a transfer pathway in partnership with adult health services) in 2017.

Methods
Following implementation of a transition process a retrospective review was undertaken in 2019 to identify themes from the dedicated Transition Support Service (TSS) Clinics (October, 2017–December, 2018) for OA patients aged 15–19 years. Patients were identified from an institutional database (Nate Myers Oesophageal Atresia Database, Royal Children's Hospital, Melbourne).
These patients had previously been invited to: Attend TSS Clinics as part of routine clinical care.Re-engage in multidisciplinary follow-up (if necessary) including with a consultant surgeon, OA nurse and respiratory physician.
Institutional ethics approval was obtained prior to commencement of the study (HREC #QA/51265/RCHM-2019).

Results
A total of 18 adolescent OA patients and their parents attended RCH TSS and associated follow-up clinics. We observed three key themes in attendees reports and experiences: Poor health knowledge: 56% of adolescents had poor knowledge about their OA, including previous surgery, possible complications and their symptoms;Poor compliance: 54% of adolescents reported poor compliance with prescribed regular medications (e.g. anti-reflux therapy);Mental health issues: 39% of adolescents identified as having mental health concerns, e.g. low mood or clinical depression, anxiety, anger or had engaged in self-harm. Anxiety about transfer to adult services was moderate to high in the majority (61%) of adolescents and their parents.

Conclusions
The themes identified in this study support the need for, and importance of, a structured process to transition adolescents born with OA to adult services.
DOZ047.68: Intralesional steroid injection therapy for the treatment of esophageal anastomotic stricture in a pediatric esophageal atresia population
Authors: Ngo P D , Kamran A , Clark S J , Jennings R W , Hamilton T E , Smithers C J , Zendejas B , Yasuda J L , Zurakowski D , Manfredi M A 
Published: June 2019

Abstract

Background and Aims
The role of intralesional steroid injection (ISI) in the treatment of anastomotic stricture in esophageal atresia (EA) patients remains unclear. The aim of this study is to evaluate the efficacy and safety of ISI in a large pediatric EA population.

Methods
One-hundred fifty eight EA patients who had undergone at least one ISI for the treatment of esophageal anastomotic stricture between 2010 and 2017 were identified. The change in stricture diameter (ΔD) was compared between procedures with balloon dilation alone (ISI-) and balloon dilation with steroid injection (ISI+). Assessment for change in efficacy with increasing numbers of ISI interventions was performed.

Results
A total of 1055 balloon dilations were performed (452 ISI+). The median ΔD was significantly greater in the group of steroid injection procedures: 1 mm (IQR 0, 3) versus 0 mm (IQR -1, 1.5) (P < 0.0001). The ISI+ group had greater percentage of improved stricture diameter (P < 0.0001) and lesser percentages of unchanged and decreased stricture diameters at subsequent endoscopy (P = 0.0009, P = 0.003). The ΔD for each of an anastomosis’ first 3 ISI+ procedures was greater than the ΔD for its subsequent ISI+ procedures: 1 mm (IQR 0, 3) versus 0.5 mm (IQR -1.25, 2) (P = 0.001). Multivariable logistic regression confirmed the significance of ISI on increasing the likelihood of improved stricture diameter.

Conclusions
This study demonstrates that intralesional steroid injection with dilation was well tolerated and improved anastomotic stricture diameter more than dilation alone. The benefit of ISI over dilation alone was limited to the first three ISI procedures.