bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Does paranasal sinus development affect olfactory fossa depth and lateral lamella length?
Authors: Kayabasi Serkan , Hizli Omer , Ozkan Deniz 
Published: March 2019

ObjectivesTo investigate the olfactory fossa depths and lateral lamella lengths of patients with different types of developmental disorders of paranasal sinuses in comparison with normal controls.Study DesignRetrospective, archival, radio‐anatomical study.MethodsWe included 58 patients with maxillary sinus hypoplasia, 50 patients with frontal sinus hypoplasia/aplasia, 50 patients with sphenoid sinus hypoplasia/aplasia, and 40 normal controls. Reviewing paranasal computerized tomography scans, we noted the olfactory fossa depths and lateral lamella lengths of all the groups and compared between the hypoplasia groups and the control group.ResultsCompared with the normal controls, the maxillary hypoplasia group (P < 0.001), frontal hypoplasia/aplasia group (P = 0.004), and sphenoid hypoplasia/aplasia group had significantly deeper olfactory fossa (P = 0.003). The mean lateral lamella lengths in the type 1, type 2, and type 3 hypoplastic maxillary sinus groups were significantly greater compared with that in the control group (P < 0.001). Additionally, the mean lateral lamella lengths in the hypoplastic frontal sinus, aplastic frontal sinus, and hypoplastic sphenoid sinus groups were significantly greater compared with that in the control group (P < 0.001).ConclusionThe patients with pneumatization defects of the maxillary, frontal, and sphenoid sinuses had deeper olfactory fossa and longer lateral lamella related to increased risk of skull base injury during endoscopic sinus surgery.Level of Evidence3 Laryngoscope, 129:2458–2463, 2019
Grading upper tract urothelial carcinoma with the attenuation coefficient of in‐vivo optical coherence tomography
Authors: Freund Jan Erik , Faber Dirk J. , Bus Mieke T. , van Leeuwen Ton G. , de Bruin Daniel M. 
Published: March 2019

IntroductionWith catheter based optical coherence tomography (OCT), high resolution images of the upper urinary tract can be obtained, thereby facilitating the detection of upper tract urothelial carcinomas (UTUC). We hypothesized that the attenuation coefficient of the OCT signal (μOCT) is related to the histopathologic grade of the tumor.ObjectivesIn this study, we aimed to define the μOCT cut‐off for discriminating high grade and low grade papillary UTUC.MethodsFor this post‐hoc analysis, data from OCT imaging of papillary UTUC was obtained from patients during ureterorenoscopy. OCT images and raw data were simultaneously analyzed with in‐house developed software. The μOCT determined in papillary UTUCs and corresponding histopathologic grading from either biopsies or radical resection specimens were compared.ResultsThirty‐five papillary UTUC from 35 patients were included. μOCT analysis was feasible in all cases. The median μOCT was 3.3 mm−1 (IQR 2.7–3.7 mm−1) for low‐grade UTUC and 4.9 mm−1 (IQR 4.3–6.1 mm−1) for high‐grade UTUC (P = 0.004). ROC analysis yielded a μOCT cut‐off value of >4.0 mm−1 (AUC = 0.85, P < 0.001) with a sensitivity of 83% and a specificity of 94% for high‐grade papillary UTUC.ConclusionsThis study proposes a μOCT cut‐off of 4.0 mm−1 for quantitative grading of UTUC with ureterorenoscopic OCT imaging. The promising diagnostic accuracy calculations justify further studies to validate the proposed cut‐off value. Implementation of the software for the μOCT analysis in OCT systems may allow for μOCT assessment at real time during ureterorenoscopy. Lasers Surg. Med. 51:399–406, 2019. © 2019 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Efficient Production of High‐Quality Polystyrene‐Functionalized Graphene via Graphite Exfoliation in Chloroform with a Heterobifunctional Hyperbranched Polyethylene as Stabilizer
Authors: Duan Donghai , Ye Huijian , Luo Zhenggang , Han Bo , Chen Yafei , Cao Xiehong , Liu Wenxian , Zhong Mingqiang , Xu Lixin 
Published: March 2019

AbstractEfficient production of high‐quality, functionalized graphene is highly desirable for large‐scale applications of graphene. Herein, a route for producing high‐quality, polystyrene (PS)‐functionalized graphene is demonstrated via graphite exfoliation in chloroform with a heterobifunctional hyperbranched polyethylene, HBPE@Py@PS, as stabilizer. The HBPE@Py@PS, possessing a pyrene‐functionalized hyperbranched polyethylene backbone and multiple PS side chains, is synthesized by combining chain walking polymerization and atom transfer radical polymerization techniques. It is confirmed that the HBPE@Py@PS can effectively promote graphite exfoliation in chloroform under sonication to render stable dispersions of high‐quality graphene, with an exfoliation efficiency high as 15% and a monolayer proportion, 61%. Meanwhile, it can irreversibly adsorb on the exfoliated graphene surface based on the π–π stacking interactions, concurrently rendering PS‐functionalized graphene that is fluorescent and highly dispersible in chloroform, with a film conductivity reaching 1100 S m−1. The as‐produced graphene may find its applications as nanofiller for various PS‐based graphene nanocomposites.
Increasing Volumetric CO2 Uptake of Hypercrosslinked Polymers through Composite Formation
Authors: Yang Yang , Pu Wanfen , Xu Xingguang , Wei Bing , Yang Yunxia , Wood Colin D. 
Published: March 2019

AbstractTo overcome the drawbacks of solid microporous materials for CO2 capture, this proof‐of‐concept study demonstrates a low‐cost and rapid method for producing composites consisting of hypercrosslinked polymers (HCP) with a polyethyleneimine (PEI) binder. The resulting materials capture CO2 through physical and chemical absorption simultaneously. Compared with HCP, the composites exhibit higher CO2 uptake, higher volumetric density, and improved tolerance to water which is attributed to the PEI binder.
Effect of a session of intensive exercise with ginseng supplementation on histone H3 protein methylation of skeletal muscle of nonathlete men
Authors: Naghavi moghadam Ali akbar , Shiravand Mostafa , Rezapour Sadegh , Khoshdel Alireza , Bazgir Behzad , Mardani Mahnaz 
Published: March 2019

AbstractPurposeThe pressure and stress caused by some intense exercises cause changes in histone proteins and gene expression. The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of one session of intensive exercise with supplementation of ginseng, on the methylation of H3K‐36 histone protein in skeletal muscle of young nonathlete men.MethodsAfter the approval by the ethics committee, 12 untrained male subjects were randomly assigned to either exercise group (six subjects) or exercise and supplement group. First, from both groups, the muscular sample was taken from the broad‐lateral muscle of the subjects. Immediately after the muscle biopsy, exercise and exercise + supplement groups completed the exercise protocol. During this period, the exercise + supplement group consumed ginseng supplementation and took placebo group. Immediately after exercise, all subjects were retested.ResultsThere was no significant increase in histone H3‐k36 protein methylation in the intergroup between exercise + supplementation and exercise. There was a significant difference within the training group but there was no difference in the exercise + supplementation group.ConclusionThe methylation caused by intense physical pressure, can be reduced by ginseng extract.
Neural Activation During Visual Attention Differs in Individuals with High versus Low Macular Pigment Density
Authors: Oliver William , Renzi‐Hammond Lisa M. , Thorne S. Anna , Clementz Brett , Miller L. Stephen , Hammond Billy R. 
Published: March 2019

ScopeThe neural efficiency hypothesis for lutein (L) and zeaxanthin (Z) suggests that higher levels of L+Z in the central nervous system (CNS) are predictive of stronger stimulus‐specific brain responses. Past research suggests that supplementing L+Z can improve neural processing speed and cognitive function across multiple domains, which supports this hypothesis. The purpose of this study is to determine the extent to which CNS L+Z levels predict brain responses using an attentionally taxing task.Methods and resultsMacular pigment optical density (MPOD) is measured at baseline in 85 participants ranging in age from 18–92 years. Brain activation is measured using dense array electroencephalography. Stimuli evoking the signal include a grating array of vertical bars, oscillating at four driving frequencies. Significant stimulus‐specific interactions are detected between attend condition, location, and age (p < .002) for unattended image locations, and between age and location (p < .008) for attended locations. Although no differences are found across age by MPOD, this measure is found to be predictive of neural power at parafoveal bar locations (R2 .080).ConclusionCNS L+Z status is related to differences in brain activation in conditions designed to stress visual attention. These differences are strongest for older subjects.
DNA Hypomethylation of GR Promoters is Associated with GR Activation and BDNF/AKT/ERK1/2‐Induced Hippocampal Neurogenesis in Mice Derived From Folic‐Acid‐Supplemented Dams
Authors: Yang Yang , Yang Shu , Liu Jie , Feng Yue , Qi Fulei , Zhao Ruqian 
Published: March 2019

ScopeGlucocorticoid receptor (GR) mediates the nutritional programing of offspring performance. Maternal folic acid has been shown to regulate hippocampal neurogenesis and affect cognitive function in offspring, yet it remains unclear whether and how GR is involved in such effects.Methods and resultsAdult male mice derived from dams fed basal or folic‐acid‐supplemented diet (5 mg folic acid/kg) throughout gestation and lactation are used in this study. Maternal folic acid significantly enhances offspring learning and memory with less fear‐related behavior. Concurrently, hippocampal neurogenesis is improved with upregulation of brain‐derived neurotrophic factor and its downstream AKT/ERK1/2 signaling pathway. More GR immune‐positive cells are observed in hippocampus of folic acid group, which are in line with higher GR protein and mRNA abundances. Differential expression of GR exon 1 transcript variants is detected, which is inversely associated with modified DNA methylation on their alternate promoters.ConclusionThe results indicate that maternal folic acid supplementation promotes hippocampal neurogenesis and improves learning and memory behavior in mouse offspring. The mechanisms involve modification of DNA methylation on GR alternate promoters and GR upregulation in the hippocampus, which is associated with activation of BDNF/AKT/ERK1/2 signaling.
A charcot‐marie‐tooth type 1B kindred associated with hemifacial spasm and trigeminal neuralgia
Authors: Caress James B. , Lewis James A. , Pinyan Clark W. , Lawson Victoria H. 
Published: March 2019

ABSTRACTIntroduction: Charcot‐Marie‐Tooth (CMT) phenotypes can be distinguished by electrophysiology and genetic analysis but few can be identified by their clinical characteristics. Distinctive phenotypes are useful in identifying affected individuals and providing additional clues about the mechanism of the neuropathy. Cranial neuropathies are uncommon features of CMT, and few reports of familial hemifacial spasm (HFS) and trigeminal neuralgia (TN) have been published. Methods: Sixty‐three members of a large CMT 1B kindred were assessed for signs of peripheral neuropathy and cranial neuropathies then tested for the G163R mutation in the myelin protein zero (MPZ) gene. Results: Of 27 individuals with the G163R mutation in MPZ, 10 had HFS or TN. Co‐existing HFS and TN were found in 3 of these and 4 had bilateral HFS or TN. Conclusions: This kindred exhibits a distinct CMT phenotype characterized by the development of HFS or TN decades after clinical signs of hereditary neuropathy are manifest. Muscle Nerve, 2019
Removal of Serum Lipids and Lipid‐Derived Metabolites to Investigate Breast Cancer Cell Biology
Authors: Brovkovych Viktor , Aldrich Alyssa , Li Nasi , Atilla‐Gokcumen G. Ekin , Frasor Jonna 
Published: March 2019

AbstractThe use of cultured cells has been instrumental in studying biochemical, molecular, and cellular processes. The composition of serum that cells are maintained in can have a profound impact on important cellular checkpoints. Cell growth and apoptosis are analyzed in an estrogen receptor positive breast cancer cell line in the presence of serum that have been treated to remove steroids or lipids, as well‐described in the literature. It is shown that maintaining cells in the presence of charcoal‐dextran‐treated serum causes reduced growth rate, which can be reversed by the addition of estradiol. Silica‐treated‐serum also slows down cell growth and induces apoptosis. In order to investigate the role of lipids in these phenotypes, the levels of a wide range of lipids in different sera are investigated. It is shown that silica‐treatment significantly depletes phosphatidylcholines and cholesterol. It is also shown that lipogenesis is stimulated when cells are cultured with silica‐treated‐serum and this is reversed by the addition of exogenous lipids, which also restores growth rate and apoptosis. The results show that cultured cells are sensitive to different serum, most likely due to the differences in levels of structural and signaling metabolites present in their growth environment.
Risk Factors for Falls in Adults with Knee Osteoarthritis: A Systematic Review
Authors: Manlapaz Donald G. , Sole Gisela , Jayakaran Prasath , Chapple Cathy M. 
Published: March 2019

ObjectiveTo examine the evidence of risk factors for falls in adults with knee osteoarthritis (OA).TypeSystematic Review.MethodologyA systematic literature search was performed in 9 electronic databases from inception to July 2016. Two reviewers screened articles using set inclusion and exclusion criteria. Observational study designs that included participants with knee OA and history of falls were considered. Results reported as odds ratios, relative risks, prevalence ratios, or hazard ratios were extracted to identify the potential risk factors for falls. Included articles were assessed for methodological quality and level of evidence.SynthesisThe electronic data search yielded 4382 studies related to falls and knee OA. A total of 11 studies were included in the review. The risk factors for falls in individuals with knee OA included impaired balance, muscle weakness, presence of comorbidities, and increasing number of symptomatic joints. The presence of knee pain was also identified as a risk factor for falls; however, the strength of evidence was rated as “conflicting” because of the inconsistency of the findings. Limited evidence was found for knee instability, impaired proprioception, and use of walking aids.ConclusionThis review provides evidence of risk factors for falls in individuals with knee OA. Despite the limited to moderate evidence, identification of these risk factors may be valuable for both clinicians and fall prevention program developers. Further studies are warranted to determine which of these risk factors for falls are modifiable in a knee OA population.Level of EvidenceI
The Effectiveness of Kinesiotaping, Sham Taping or Exercises Only in Lateral Epicondylitis Treatment: A Randomized Controlled Study
Authors: Giray Esra , Karali‐Bingul Duygu , Akyuz Gulseren 
Published: March 2019

AbstractBackgroundLateral epicondylitis is a common musculoskeletal condition presenting with pain and tenderness over the lateral epicondyle and dorsal forearm, pain and weakness in gripping and limitations in daily activities. It is proposed that kinesiotaping, a new application of adhesive taping, reduces pain and improves muscle function.ObjectiveTo compare efficacy of kinesiotaping, sham taping, or exercises only in the treatment of lateral epicondylitis.DesignDouble‐blind, randomized, controlled trial.SettingTertiary medical center, university hospital.ParticipantsThirty patients with lateral epicondylitis for less than 12 weeks.Methods or InterventionsPatients were randomized into three groups: kinesiotaping plus exercises (n = 10), sham taping plus exercises (n = 10), and control (exercises only) (n = 10) groups. All recipients were provided a home exercise program including strengthening and stretching exercises. In kinesiotaping and sham taping groups, tapings were performed and changed every 3–4 d for 2 weeks.Main Outcome Measure(s)The primary outcome was the patient‐rated tennis elbow evaluation (PRTEE). Pain visual analogue scale (VAS), grip strength, and the disabilities of the arm, shoulder and hand (QuickDASH) scales were secondary outcomes. Evaluations were done at baseline, posttreatment, and at 4 weeks after treatment. The immediate effect was also assessed by VAS and grip strength immediately after real and sham tapings.ResultsPRTEE total scores at posttreatment and at 4 weeks after treatment were statistically significantly lower in kinesiotaping plus exercises group compared to sham taping plus exercises group and exercises only group. The effects of kinesiotaping were larger than sham taping and only exercises at posttreatment (d = −1.21, d = −1.33) and at 4 weeks after treatment (d = −1.39, d = −1.34). Repeated‐measures anova showed a significant interaction between the time and the groups (F 2950 = 4849; P = .006). Significant between‐group differences were found in QuickDASH score and VAS at rest at 4 weeks after treatment, VAS at daily activity at posttreatment and 4 weeks after treatment when kinesiotaping plus exercises and sham taping plus exercises groups and kinesiotaping plus exercises and exercises only groups were compared. Real taping but not sham taping immediately led to an increase in grip strength, decrease in VAS at rest and VAS at daily activity (P = .0017, P = .041, P = .028; respectively).ConclusionsKinesiotaping in addition to exercises is more effective than sham taping and exercises only in improving pain in daily activities and arm disability due to lateral epicondylitis.Level of EvidenceI
Validation of quartz crystal rheometry in the megahertz frequency regime
Authors: Delgado David E. , Sturdy Lauren F. , Burkhart Craig W. , Shull Kenneth R. 
Published: March 2019

ABSTRACTThe utility of the quartz crystal microbalance (QCM) as a high‐frequency rheometer operating at 15 MHz was demonstrated. High‐frequency data obtained from a series of rubbery materials were compared with results obtained from traditional dynamic mechanical analysis (DMA) at much lower frequencies. The high‐frequency data enable meaningful shift factors to be obtained at temperatures much further above glass‐transition temperature (T
g) than would otherwise be possible, giving a more complete picture of the temperature dependence of the viscoelastic properties. The QCM can also be used to quantify mass uptake and changes in viscoelastic properties during sample oxidation. The viscoelastic response spanning the full range of behaviors from the rubber to glassy regimes was found to fit well with a six‐element model consisting of three power‐law springpot elements. One of these elements is particularly sensitive to the behavior in the transition regime where the phase angle is maximized. The value of this quantity is obtained from the maximum phase angle, which can be obtained from a temperature sweep at fixed frequency, proving a means for more detailed frequency‐dependent rheometric information to be obtained from a fixed‐frequency measurement at a range of temperatures. © 2019 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Polym. Sci., Part B: Polym. Phys. 2019, 57, 1246–1254
Direct analysis from dried blood spot card surfaces with direct probe mass spectrometry – Evaluation study
Authors: Wójtowicz Anna , Majda Alicja , Zapotoczny Szczepan , Wietecha‐Posłuszny Renata 
Published: March 2019

RationaleThe Direct Probe Mass Spectrometry (DIPMS) method allows successful analysis of powders, solid and liquid samples. The potential of direct surface analysis could find further application in the examination of surfaces with good absorption properties such as Dried Blood Spot (DBS) cards that constitute a great alternative to the classical blood collection method directly from veins.MethodsDIPMS was performed with the ionization carried out under atmospheric pressure in an Atmospheric Pressure Chemical Ionization source. Direct analysis of diazepam solutions in methanol and after their deposition onto a DBS card was conducted. Subsequently, images of the DBS cards with and without blood samples were acquired using Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM).ResultsDirect quantitative analysis of diazepam liquid samples by DIPMS was successfully performed. Linear correlation between the concentration of diazepam and the peak intensity with a R2 coefficient of 0.937 was obtained. However, the method failed when the analysis was conducted directly from the surface of the DBS cards and no diazepam peak was observed in the mass spectrum. The SEM images confirmed the good absorption properties of DBS cards and the absence of blood components on the surface.ConclusionsDIPMS is an excellent technique for the rapid, direct analysis of powders, solid and liquid samples; however, the potential of the method is limited when samples are deposited on surfaces with good absorption properties such as DBS cards.
Concise Review: Patency of Small-Diameter Tissue-Engineered Vascular Grafts: A Meta-Analysis of Preclinical Trials
Authors: Skovrind Ida , Harvald Eva Bang , Juul Belling Helene , Jørgensen Christian Damsgaard , Lindholt Jes Sanddal , Andersen Ditte Caroline 
Published: March 2019

AbstractSeveral patient groups undergoing small-diameter (&lt;6 mm) vessel bypass surgery have limited autologous vessels for use as grafts. Tissue-engineered vascular grafts (TEVG) have been suggested as an alternative, but the ideal TEVG remains to be generated, and a systematic overview and meta-analysis of clinically relevant studies is lacking. We systematically searched PubMed and Embase databases for (pre)clinical trials and identified three clinical and 68 preclinical trials ([&gt;rabbit]; 873 TEVGs) meeting the inclusion criteria. Preclinical trials represented low to medium risk of bias, and binary logistic regression revealed that patency was significantly affected by recellularization, TEVG length, TEVG diameter, surface modification, and preconditioning. In contrast, scaffold types were less important. The patency was 63.5%, 89%, and 100% for TEVGs with a median diameter of 3 mm, 4 mm, and 5 mm, respectively. In the group of recellularized TEVGs, patency was not improved by using smooth muscle cells in addition to endothelial cells nor affected by the endothelial origin, but seems to benefit from a long-term (46–240 hours) recellularization time. Finally, data showed that median TEVG length (5 cm) and median follow-up (56 days) used in preclinical settings are relatively inadequate for direct clinical translation. In conclusion, our data imply that future studies should consider a TEVG design that at least includes endothelial recellularization and bioreactor preconditioning, and we suggest that more standard guidelines for testing and reporting TEVGs in large animals should be considered to enable interstudy comparisons and favor a robust and reproducible outcome as well as clinical translation.