bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Novel analytical approach for baclofen quantification in rodent plasma
Authors: Dhiman Bindu , Yadav Mithlesh , Dhiman Anju , Satija Saurabh 
Published: November 2024

AbstractA simple, accurate, and robust reverse‐phase high‐performance liquid chromatography (RP‐HPLC) method was developed and validated for the quantification of Baclofen in rat plasma. The method demonstrated high degree of linearity (r2 = 0.9936) across a concentration range of 10–50 μg/mL. Precision, accuracy, limit of detection (LOD), limit of quantification (LOQ), and robustness were evaluated according to ICH guidelines. The LOD and LOQ were found to be 0.076197 and 0.23090 μg/mL, respectively. This method provides an efficient approach for Baclofen quantification in plasma, making it suitable for pharmacokinetic and bioavailability studies. The novelty of this study lies in its optimization for routine use in laboratories, ensuring reproducibility with minimal variations across different conditions and analysts.
The Treatment of Primary Lymphoepithelioma‐Like Carcinoma in the Head and Neck and Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma
Authors: Lin Qiaohong , Du Mingyuan , Yan Shida , Zhang Xing , Li Xiyuan , Zhang Ying , Zhang Shiting , Chen Shuwei , Song Ming 
Published: November 2024

ABSTRACTBackgroundAn uncommon cancer, lymphoepithelioma‐like carcinoma (LELC) resembles undifferentiated nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) histologically. The aim is mainly to introduce the diagnosis and treatment of LELC and compare it with NPC in our descriptive study.MethodsA total of 278 patients with NPC and 157 patients with head and neck LELC had their medical records examined in this study. The propensity score matching (PSM) approach was employed to attain a 1:1 match between the LELC and NPC groups. Kaplan–Meier analysis was performed for overall survival (OS) of LELC and NPC. To determine their predictive values for OS, univariate and multivariate Cox regression analyses with significant survival differences (p < 0.05) were carried out.ResultsSimilar to NPC, 107 (68.2%) LELC cases had Epstein–Barr virus (EBV) infection. LELC of the parotid glands was present in nearly 46.5% of patients with head and neck LELC. Most patients were treated with surgery with neck dissection. After PSM, LELC had similar 5‐year OS rates to NPC (81.6% vs. 79.0%). LELC was less prone to distant metastasis compared to NPC. Age, T stage, N stage, and distant metastases were found to be substantially correlated with the outcome of LELC, according to the multivariate Cox regression analysis (p < 0.05).ConclusionsEBV infection in the head and neck has been associated with LELC and NPC. When compared to NPC, LELC is more likely to arise in the salivary glands and has a lower incidence of distant metastasis. Surgery with neck dissection is the primary treatment for LELC.
Cation Effect of Bio‐Ionic Liquid‐Based Electrolytes on the Performance of Zn‐Ion Capacitors
Authors: Brahma Sumana , Huddleston Jonathan , Lahiri Abhishek 
Published: November 2024

AbstractZn‐ion capacitors (ZICs) are emerging as promising energy storage devices due to their low cost. Currently, aqueous‐based electrolytes are primarily used in ZIC which have shown issues related to low Zn deposition/stripping efficiencies, and Zn dendrites formation, resulting in device failure. To overcome these issues and to develop environmentally benign energy storage devices, here we have studied bio‐ionic liquid electrolytes (bio‐ILs) in both symmetric and asymmetric capacitors. Choline acetate (ChOAc) and betaine acetate (BetOAc) in water were investigated as electrolytes for capacitors in the presence and absence of Zn salts. Spectroscopic analysis showed that Zn solvation in the electrolytes changes significantly with the change in cation which affects the electrochemical reactions and capacitor performance. Raman analysis showed the Zn complex formed in the case of ChOAc is [Zn(OAc)4]2− whereas for BetOAc is [Zn(OAc)5]3− thereby the Zn deposition/stripping in ChOAc‐based electrolyte is quite stable whereas in case of BetOAc, Zn deposition/stripping is unstable. In the ChOAc electrolyte, the Zn/activated carbon asymmetric cell showed a capacity of >90 F g−1 at 0.1 A g−1 and a capacitance close to 40 F g−1 at 0.5 A g−1 with ∼82 % capacity retention after 3000 cycles, whereas BetOAc could only be used in symmetric cell capacitor. This study shows that bio‐ILs can be used as sustainable electrolytes in energy storage devices wherein the cation plays a significant role in the capacitor performance.
Biocatalytic Amino Acid Functionalisation
Authors: Petchey Mark R. , Schneider Pascal , Harwood Lucy A. 
Published: November 2024

AbstractThe success of new therapeutic modalities relies on advancements in synthetic chemistry to produce compounds for evaluation throughout the drug discovery process. The use of non‐canonical amino acids (ncAAs) allows the properties of peptide drugs to be modified and optimised beyond the defined characteristics of the 20 proteogenic amino acids. Synthesis of ncAAs can be either through a bespoke chemical synthesis, or directly from the parent compound – using either traditional chemical reagents or using enzymes – to achieve the desired modification. This review will highlight recent advancements in the enzymatic functionalisation of amino acids to produce a variety of ncAAs.
Analysis and Fuzzy Neural Networks‐Based Inertia Coefficient Adjustment Strategy of Power Converters
Authors: Dongfeng Xing , Mingxing Tian 
Published: November 2024

ABSTRACTWith the development of new energy generation technology and power electronic technology, power electronic equipment occupies an increasing proportion of the power system, and its control flexibility makes the power system complicated, bringing problems such as low inertia, low damping, high harmonics, low reliability, and weak anti‐interference ability. Especially the influence of converter on inertia of power system, even causing excessive frequency fluctuations, leading to the collapse of the power system. In view of the inertia problem of converters, this article starts with the principle of converters and analyzes the inertia transmission characteristics of different types of converters in power systems by three types of control strategies. Based on the influence of the inertia parameters of converters on system frequency and power, a converter inertia target function is established, and a neural network adaptive adjustment strategy for converter inertia coefficient is proposed to achieve self‐adaptive optimization of converter output power and system frequency. The corresponding converter model is established, and the simulation circuit and control model are built by Simulink to verify the inertia transfer characteristics. The simulation results show the correctness of the relevant theories and provide theoretical support for the inertia design of high‐proportion power electronic systems.
Numerical and Experimental Evidence of Extreme Events in a Sprott‐Like Model
Authors: Thamilmaran K. , Dinesh Vijay S. 
Published: November 2024

ABSTRACTThis paper investigates the occurrence of extreme events (EEs) in a Sprott‐like autonomous third‐order nonlinear system exhibiting non‐hyperbolic nature. The presence of non‐hyperbolicity in the system leads to various dynamic behaviors such as quasi‐periodicity, multistability, crisis, and intermittency. In our study, we analyzed the large‐amplitude intermittent chaotic oscillations using time series analysis, one‐parameter bifurcation diagram, Lyapunov spectra, and two‐parameter phase diagram. We confirmed the existence of EEs statistically using probability distribution functions (PDFs). To validate the numerical results, we performed circuit simulation studies using OrCAD PSpice as well as real‐time experimental observations using hardware implementation of the electronic circuit. In our studies, we find that the numerical, simulation, and experimental results are in agreement with each other.
Phosphoproteomic Reveals That Phosphoglycerate Kinase 2 Suppresses Hypoxanthine Accumulation in Broiler
Authors: Ma Manting , Yang Xin , Kong Shaofen , Yuan Rongshuai , Zhou Zhen , Nie Qinghua , Cai Bolin 
Published: November 2024

ABSTRACTRecent studies have found that the amount and proportion of meat flavor–related metabolites differ among different parts of muscle, which is partly attributed to their diverse myofiber type composition. However, the genetic regulatory factors behind these meat flavor–related metabolites remain unclear. Here, to systematically identify the differences in meat flavor–related metabolite of different parts of muscle and explore their genetic causes, metabolome and transcriptome were performed by using breast and drumstick muscle in Guangming‐2 chicken. Meat flavor–related metabolite‐gene networks were constructed, and phosphoglycerate kinase 2 (PGK2), which was found to be negatively correlated with flavor–related metabolites such as hypoxanthine, lysine, and glycerophospholipids, was selected for further identification. AlkB homolog 5 (ALKBH5)–mediated m6A demethylation enhances RNA stability of PGK2. Lentivirus‐mediated PGK2 overexpression and knockdown chicken models were constructed to study the function of PGK2. Gain‐ and loss‐of‐function analysis revealed that PGK2 promoted a switch from slow‐twitch to fast‐twitch fibers and suppressed the accumulation of hypoxanthine in vivo. Moreover, phosphoproteomic results demonstrated that PGK2 was involved in myofiber type transformation and meat flavor–related metabolite accumulation by modulating protein phosphorylation. Our findings deepen the understanding of the regulatory role of protein phosphorylation in meat flavor–related metabolite accumulation in broiler.
Evaluation of ComBat Harmonization for Reducing Across‐Tracer Differences in Regional Amyloid PET Analyses
Authors: Yang Braden , Earnest Tom , Kumar Sayantan , Kothapalli Deydeep , Benzinger Tammie , Gordon Brian , Sotiras Aristeidis 
Published: November 2024

ABSTRACTDifferences in amyloid positron emission tomography (PET) radiotracer pharmacokinetics and binding properties lead to discrepancies in amyloid‐β uptake estimates. Harmonization of tracer‐specific biases is crucial for optimal performance of downstream tasks. Here, we investigated the efficacy of ComBat, a data‐driven harmonization model, for reducing tracer‐specific biases in regional amyloid PET measurements from [18F]‐florbetapir (FBP) and [11C]‐Pittsburgh compound‐B (PiB). One hundred thirteen head‐to‐head FBP‐PiB scan pairs, scanned from the same subject within 90 days, were selected from the Open Access Series of Imaging Studies 3 (OASIS‐3) dataset. The Centiloid scale, ComBat with no covariates, ComBat with biological covariates, and GAM‐ComBat with biological covariates were used to harmonize both global and regional amyloid standardized uptake value ratios (SUVR). Variants of ComBat, including longitudinal ComBat and PEACE, were also tested. Intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC) and mean absolute error (MAE) were computed to measure the absolute agreement between tracers. Additionally, longitudinal amyloid SUVRs from an anti‐amyloid drug trial were simulated using linear mixed effects modeling. Differences in rates‐of‐change between simulated treatment and placebo groups were tested, and change in statistical power/Type‐I error after harmonization was quantified. In the head‐to‐head tracer comparison, ComBat with no covariates was the best at increasing ICC and decreasing MAE of both global summary and regional amyloid PET SUVRs between scan pairs of the same group of subjects. In the clinical trial simulation, harmonization with both Centiloid and ComBat increased statistical power of detecting true rate‐of‐change differences between groups and decreased false discovery rate in the absence of a treatment effect. The greatest benefit of harmonization was observed when groups exhibited differing FBP‐to‐PiB proportions. ComBat outperformed the Centiloid scale in harmonizing both global and regional amyloid estimates. Additionally, ComBat improved the detection of rate‐of‐change differences between clinical trial groups. Our findings suggest that ComBat is a viable alternative to Centiloid for harmonizing regional amyloid PET analyses.
CAT rs1001179 Single Nucleotide Polymorphism Identifies an Aggressive Clinical Behavior in Chronic Lymphocytic Leukemia
Authors: Galasso Marilisa , Salaorni Vittoria , Moia Riccardo , Mozzo Valentina , Lovato Ester , Cosentino Chiara , Perbellini Omar , Gambino Simona , Lovato Ornella , Carazzolo Maria Elena , Ferrarini Isacco , Quaglia Francesca M. , Donadelli Massimo , Romanelli Maria G. , Visco Carlo , Krampera Mauro , Gaidano Gianluca , Scupoli Maria T. 
Published: November 2024

ABSTRACTChronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL) is characterized by an extremely variable clinical course. Although several parameters have been shown to be associated with clinical outcomes in patients with CLL, there remains substantial intragroup clinical heterogeneity in otherwise molecularly and staging homogeneous CLL subgroups. We have recently shown that high catalase (CAT) expression identifies patients with an aggressive clinical course and that higher CAT expression is associated with the presence of the rs1001179 single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) T allele in the CAT promoter. Herein, we genotyped CLL patients for CAT rs1001179 SNP in an exploratory study (n = 235) and in a sequential independent validation study (n = 531). Time‐to‐event modeling analyses for time‐to‐first‐treatment (TTFT) from the two patients' cohorts showed that TT genotype was associated with a shorter TTFT, independently of other currently used prognostic parameters in CLL. Moreover, the TT genotype identifies CLL patients with a faster clinical progression even within subgroups of patients with low‐risk biological and clinical hallmarks. In conclusion, our data show that the TT genotype identifies CLL patients with a shorter TTFT, pointing to this SNP as a possible prognostic factor, which can improve patients' risk stratification leading to better patient management and personalized therapeutic choices.
A 47.0‐kyr record of mercury deposition in lake sediments from Dahu swamp in the East Nanling Mountains, southern China: Implications for paleoclimatic and environmental changes
Authors: Li Tianhang , Zhong Wei , Quan Mingying , Wang Xiaojun , Yu Jian 
Published: November 2024

ABSTRACTIn this study, we provide an ~47.0‐kyr mercury (Hg) deposition record derived from a lacustrine sedimentary sequence in Dahu swamp in the eastern Nanling Mountains, China. The results indicate that organic matter (OM) input played a role in Hg accumulation, whereas the contribution of inorganic weathering detritus had a negligible impact. On the other hand, evolution of the plant community and wildfire events were also important factors affecting Hg accumulation. Compared to arboreal plants, lower (herbs and ferns) plants had stronger absorption and enrichment ability for Hg thus favoring enhanced Hg accumulation in the sediments. We therefore infer that Hg deposition in Dahu sediments was greatly controlled by changes in climatic conditions. Relatively dry and cold climatic conditions, which resulted in reduced arboreal plant communities and increased lower plants, would favor an increased Hg accumulation rate; furthermore, dry conditions may cause more wildfire events thus leading to enhanced release of Hg into the environment and increased contribution of Hg to the sediments, whereas relatively wet and warm conditions would result in the opposite situation. The record of Hg deposition demonstrates a synchronous orbital‐scale variation trend with the intensity of the East Asian summer monsoon. Period analysis reveals several millennial‐ and centennial‐scale cycles similar to solar insolation, together with several millennial events of increased Hg concentration and accumulation rate, which coincided with the corresponding Heinrich events, suggesting joint impacts of solar irradiation and the action of melting water as well as changes in zonal atmospheric circulation on Hg accumulation in Dahu sediments.
Isobutyrate exerts a protective effect against liver injury in a DSS‐induced colitis by inhibiting inflammation and oxidative stress
Authors: Liu Haiyang , Du Yongqing , Wang Zhengyi , Fang Xiuyu , Sun Haowen , Gao Feng , Shang Tingting , Shi Baoming 
Published: November 2024

AbstractBackgroundShort‐chain fatty acids have been reported to have anti‐inflammatory and antioxidant functions; whether isobutyrate, a short‐chain fatty acid, is protective against liver injury in a dextran sodium sulfate (DSS)‐induced colitis and its molecular mechanism is unknown. In this study, DSS was used to induce a liver injury from a colitis model in piglets, which was expected to prevent and alleviate DSS‐induced liver injury by feeding sodium isobutyrate in advance.ResultsThe results showed that sodium isobutyrate could restore DSS‐induced histopathological changes in the liver, inhibit the activation of the toll‐like receptor 4/myeloid differentiation primary response 88/nuclear factor kappa‐B signaling pathway, and then reduce the DSS‐induced release of pro‐inflammatory cytokines tumor necrosis factor‐α, interleukin 1β, and interleukin 6, reducing inflammatory response. Moreover, we found that sodium isobutyrate could play an antioxidant and apoptosis‐reducing role by maintaining reduced mitochondrial function.ConclusionIn conclusion, sodium isobutyrate has a preventive and protective effect on liver injury in a DSS‐induced colitis. There is a potential application prospect for it in treating ulcerative‐colitis‐induced liver injuries. © 2024 Society of Chemical Industry.
Epimedium polysaccharides ameliorate ulcerative colitis by inhibiting oxidative stress and regulating autophagy
Authors: Zhao Linxian , Jiang Tao , Zhang Yuxin , Shen Zhen 
Published: November 2024

AbstractBACKGROUNDEpimedium polysaccharide (EPS) is a bioactive compound derived from the traditional Chinese herb Epimedium brevicornum. The objective of this study was to investigate the protective effects of EPS on ulcerative colitis (UC) and to elucidate the underlying mechanisms involved.RESULTSThe findings showed that EPS treatment mitigated UC symptoms, including weight loss, anal bleeding, elevated disease activity index (DAI), and colon shortening. Hematoxylin and eosin (H&E) and Alcian blue–periodic acid–Schiff (AB‐PAS) staining demonstrated that EPS alleviated histopathological damage and improved the integrity of the colonic mucosa. Mechanistically, EPS was found to substantially decrease inflammation by inhibiting the Toll‐like receptor 4/nuclear factor‐κB (TLR4/NF‐κB) signaling pathway and to alleviate oxidative stress through modulation of the Kelch‐like ECH‐associated protein 1/nuclear factor erythroid‐derived 2‐like 2 (Keap1/Nrf2) pathway. Notably, EPS failed to exert protective effects against dextran sulfate sodium (DSS)‐induced UC in Nrf2‐knockout (Nrf2−/−) mice. Additionally, Western blotting and immunohistochemical analysis demonstrated that EPS facilitated autophagy via the adenosine monophosphate‐dependent protein kinase/mammalian target of rapamycin (AMPK/mTOR) pathway. In vitro experiments revealed that EPS effectively suppressed lipopolysaccharide (LPS)‐mediated cellular damage and oxidative stress by regulating Keap1/Nrf2 pathway. Transcriptomic analysis of LPS‐treated Caco‐2 cells following EPS treatment revealed a significant up‐regulation of Nrf2 expression.CONCLUSIONIn conclusion, the findings of this study suggest that EPS exerts protective effects against DSS‐induced UC through the inhibition of the TLR4/NF‐κB signaling pathway, regulation of the Keap1/Nrf2 pathway, and promotion of autophagy via the AMPK/mTOR pathway. Consequently, EPS may represent a potential therapeutic target for the treatment of UC. © 2024 Society of Chemical Industry.
Degradation, Classification, and Management of Soils From Alluvial‐Gold Mine Spoils in the Southeastern Peruvian Amazon
Authors: Velásquez Ramírez M. G. , Nazario Rios J. C. , Gobin A. , Pillaca M. , Thomas E. , Guerrero Barrantes J. A. , Román U. , Becerra Lira E. , Muñoz Ushñahua A. , Nascimento Herbay P. , Rodriguez Achata L. , Garate‐Quispe J. , Malpica S. , Russo R. , Abril M. , Dionisio L. F. S. , Corvera Gomringer R. , del Castillo Torres D. 
Published: November 2024

ABSTRACTArtisanal and Small‐Scale Gold Mining (ASGM) carried out by individual miners or small enterprises with limited capital, significantly contribute to land degradation and loss of biodiversity‐rich forests in the Amazon. Due to limited information on the edaphic conditions crucial for restoring these degraded areas, a soil evaluation method was employed in representative locations of the Peruvian Amazon, including two native communities and one protected natural area. The categorization of ASGM‐degraded areas into cultural landscape units was confirmed and validated. Sentinel‐2 and UAV remote sensing revealed over 122,000 ha of deforestation since the 1980s. Surface and soil profile assessments identified extreme new soil conditions with low chemical and physical fertility, characterized by coarse texture and rock fragments, which hinder revegetation, especially during prolonged dry seasons. These degraded soils were classified as Entisols and Technosols according to Soil Taxonomy and the World Reference Base. Over time, natural regeneration and plantations improved soil formation, aligning with recognized soil classification systems. Under current management practices, restoration planning should prioritize selected shrub and tree species, and consider soil amendments to initiate soil recovery. This approach aligns with self‐sustaining successional stages and contributes to the objectives of Land Degradation Neutrality, Appropriate Mitigation and Adaptation Actions, and Sustainable Development Goals.
Afforestation With Xerophytic Shrubs Promoted Soil Organic Carbon Stability in a Hyper‐Arid Environment of Desert
Authors: Zhao Guangxing , Tariq Akash , Zhang Zhihao , Nazim Muhammad , Graciano Corina , Sardans Jordi , Dong Xinping , Gao Yanju , Peñuelas Josep , Zeng Fanjiang 
Published: November 2024

ABSTRACTIn desert ecosystems, afforestation with xerophytic shrubs has the potential to significantly increase soil nutrient levels by mitigating wind and soil erosion. Nevertheless, further investigation is required to elucidate the changes in soil organic carbon (SOC) fractions and stability on different soil depths with afforestation years. We collected soil samples from the 0–20, 20–60, and 60–100 cm depths of three xerophytic shrublands ages (3, 7, and 10 years), with a natural desert as the control, in a hyper‐arid desert region. We investigated the variations of SOC fractions (stable and active C) and stability (stability index and MAOC:POC ratios) after afforestation. The results showed that the rate of increase in SOC fractions and stability did not follow a linear trajectory with afforestation years. Instead, they accelerated around 7 years but then decreased after 10 years. The increase in SOC stability was primarily attributed to the greater increase in stable C within the total SOC pool. Afforestation increased the concentration of ROC from 0.26 to 0.89 g kg−1 and MAOC from 0.11 to 0.78 g kg−1. Afforestation increased SOC stability by 74.36%–231% compared to the CK in the 0–100 cm. SOC stability in the 60–100 cm was higher than that in the 0–20 cm layer, while SOC stability varied insignificantly across soil layers. The strongest direct positive impact on SOC stability was attributed to changes in soil physicochemical properties rather than soil microbial biomass or aggregate stability. These findings contribute to our understanding of the importance of afforestation in increasing SOC stability in desert ecosystems.