bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Comparison of Conventional Lipoprotein Tests and Apolipoproteins in the Prediction of Cardiovascular Disease
Authors: Welsh Claire , Celis-Morales Carlos A. , Brown Rosemary , Mackay Daniel F. , Lewsey James , Mark Patrick B. , Gray Stuart R. , Ferguson Lyn D. , Anderson Jana J. , Lyall Donald M. , Cleland John G. , Jhund Pardeep S. , Gill Jason M.R. , Pell Jill P. , Sattar Naveed , Welsh Paul 
Published: June 2019

Background:
Total cholesterol and high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) measurements are central to cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk assessment, but there is continuing debate around the utility of other lipids for risk prediction.

Methods:
Participants from UK Biobank without baseline CVD and not taking statins, with relevant lipid measurements (n=346 686), were included in the primary analysis. An incident fatal or nonfatal CVD event occurred in 6216 participants (1656 fatal) over a median of 8.9 years. Associations of nonfasting lipid measurements (total cholesterol, HDL-C, non–HDL-C, direct and calculated low-density lipoprotein cholesterol [LDL-C], and apolipoproteins [Apo] A1 and B) with CVD were compared using Cox models adjusting for classical risk factors, and predictive utility was determined by the C-index and net reclassification index. Prediction was also tested in 68 649 participants taking a statin with or without baseline CVD (3515 CVD events).

Results:

ApoB, LDL-C, and non–HDL-C were highly correlated (
r
>0.90), while HDL-C was strongly correlated with ApoA1 (
r
=0.92). After adjustment for classical risk factors, 1 SD increase in ApoB, direct LDL-C, and non–HDL-C had similar associations with composite fatal/nonfatal CVD events (hazard ratio, 1.23, 1.20, 1.21, respectively). Associations for 1 SD increase in HDL-C and ApoA1 were also similar (hazard ratios, 0.81 [both]). Adding either total cholesterol and HDL-C, or ApoB and ApoA, to a CVD risk prediction model (C-index, 0.7378) yielded similar improvement in discrimination (C-index change, 0.0084; 95% CI, 0.0065, 0.0104, and 0.0089; 95% CI, 0.0069, 0.0109, respectively). Once total and HDL-C were in the model, no further substantive improvement was achieved with the addition of ApoB (C-index change, 0.0004; 95% CI, 0.0000, 0.0008) or any measure of LDL-C. Results for predictive utility were similar for a fatal CVD outcome, and in a discordance analysis. In participants taking a statin, classical risk factors (C-index, 0.7118) were improved by non–HDL-C (C-index change, 0.0030; 95% CI, 0.0012, 0.0048) or ApoB (C-index change, 0.0030; 95% CI, 0.0011, 0.0048). However, adding ApoB or LDL-C to a model already containing non–HDL-C did not further improve discrimination.

Conclusions:
Measurement of total cholesterol and HDL-C in the nonfasted state is sufficient to capture the lipid-associated risk in CVD prediction, with no meaningful improvement from addition of apolipoproteins, direct or calculated LDL-C.
True First-Pass Effect
Authors: Nikoubashman Omid , Dekeyzer Sven , Riabikin Alexander , Keulers Annika , Reich Arno , Mpotsaris Anastasios , Wiesmann Martin 
Published: June 2019

Background and Purpose—
It has been hypothesized that in stroke patients, complete reperfusion (modified Thrombolysis in Cerebral Infarction; mTICI 3) after a single thrombectomy pass is a predictor for favorable outcome (modified Rankin Scale score, 0–2), but a true first-pass effect defined as improved clinical outcome after complete reperfusion with one versus multiple passes has not yet been specifically addressed in the literature.

Methods—
We compared clinical outcome of 164 consecutive patients with occlusions in the anterior circulation and known symptom onset, in whom we achieved complete reperfusion (mTICI 3), depending on whether complete reperfusion was achieved after a single thrombectomy pass (n=62) or multiple thrombectomy passes (n=102). To adjust for confounding factors such as prolonged time spans between symptom onset and reperfusion, additional administration of intra-arterial thrombolysis, and clot localization, we also compared clinical outcome of our first-pass group with a matched cohort (n=54) and a superselective subgroup of first-pass patients (only M1 occlusions, no additional intra-arterial thrombolysis; n=46) with its matched cohort (n=24).

Results—

Multivariable analysis of our cohort of 164 nonmatched patients revealed that there was a significant association between first-pass complete reperfusion and favorable clinical outcome (
P
=0.013). This was confirmed in our case-control analyses (
P
=0.010 and
P
=0.042). In our matched cohorts, favorable clinical outcome was seen almost twice as often if complete reperfusion was achieved after one pass (62% and 67% versus 36% and 37%), and odds for favorable outcome were 2.4 to 3.2× higher (CIs, 1.1–4.8 and 1.0–9.9).

Conclusions—
First-pass complete reperfusion is an independent factor for favorable outcome and should be aimed for in mechanical thrombectomy.
Diagnostic Accuracy of the Explicit Diagnostic Criteria for Transient Ischemic Attack
Authors: Dolmans L. Servaas , Lebedeva Elena R. , Veluponnar Dinusha , van Dijk Ewoud J. , Nederkoorn Paul J. , Hoes Arno W. , Rutten Frans H. , Olesen Jes , Kappelle L. Jaap ,   for the MIND-TIA Study Group*, Bartelink M.E.L. , van Delft S. , Seppenwoolde G.J. 
Published: June 2019

Background and Purpose—
The clinical diagnosis of a transient ischemic attack (TIA) can be difficult. Evidence-based criteria hardly exist. We evaluated if the recently proposed Explicit Diagnostic Criteria for TIA (EDCT), an easy to perform clinical tool focusing on type, duration, and mode of onset of clinical features, would facilitate the clinical diagnosis of TIA.

Methods—
We used data from patients suspected of a TIA by a general practitioner and referred to a TIA service in the region of Utrecht, the Netherlands, who participated in the MIND-TIA (Markers in the Diagnosis of TIA) study. Information about the clinical features was collected with a standardized questionnaire within 72 hours after onset. A panel of 3 experienced neurologists ultimately determined the definite diagnosis based on all available diagnostic information including a 6-month follow-up period. Two researchers scored the EDCT. Sensitivity, specificity, and predictive values of the EDCT were assessed using the panel diagnosis as reference. A secondary analysis was performed with modified subcriteria of the EDCT.

Results—
Of the 206 patients, 126 (61%) had a TIA (n=104) or minor stroke (n=22), and 80 (39%) an alternative diagnosis. Most common alternative diagnoses were migraine with aura (n=24; 30.0%), stress related or somatoform symptoms (n=16; 20.0%), and syncope (n=9; 11.3%). The original EDCT had a sensitivity of 98.4% (95% CI, 94.4–99.8) and a specificity of 61.3% (49.7–71.9). Negative and positive predictive values were 96.1% (86.0–99.0) and 80.0% (75.2–84.1), respectively. The modified EDCT showed a higher specificity of 73.8% (62.7–83.0) with the same sensitivity and a similar negative predictive value of 96.7%, but a higher positive predictive value of 85.5% (80.3–89.5).

Conclusions—
The EDCT has excellent sensitivity and negative predictive value and could be a valuable diagnostic tool for the diagnosis of TIA.
Breathy Shame and the Place of Hebrew in the Work of Jerome of Stridon
Authors: Hunt Thomas E. 
Published: June 2019

Abstract
This article analyses the place of Hebrew in Jerome’s work by situating it in wider patterns of late antique masculinity and shame. Drawing on Sedgwick and Fanon, it shows how shame is a spatial affect. Discussions of Hebrew in Jerome’s work emphasise the particular spaces in which Hebrew is written, read, or transported. One space is particularly important for Jerome’s translations of Hebrew: the space of the mouth as it inhales and exhales language. Focussing on space, language, and breath reveals why Hebrew is particularly shameful for Jerome and explains some of the apparent ambiguities in his discussions of translation.
The Relationship Between Christian Metanarratives and Authoritative Scriptures in South African Society
Authors: Nel Marius J. 
Published: June 2019

Abstract
In studying the interaction between the three monotheistic religions in South Africa it is important to note that each of them functions as a metanarrative in that they all attempt to provide a more-or-less coherent perspective on reality. The different, but also overlapping, metanarratives of Islam, Judaism and Christianity furthermore each has a complex relationship with their respective authoritative Scriptures, communities of faith, contemporary societies and each other. It is therefore necessary to investigate the manner in which each religion’s metanarrative functions within the spheres of the academy, faith community and broader society. This contribution describes one of the projects of the envisioned Centre for the Interpretation of Authoritative Scriptures (CIAS) that is in the process of being established at Stellenbosch University. The focus of this project will be on the relationship between the metanarrative contained in the Christian canon, a specific faith community (the Dutch Reformed Church) within South African society in the period 2009–2019.
Establishing a Centre for the Interpretation of Authoritative Scriptures (CIAS)
Authors: Jonker Louis 
Published: June 2019

Abstract
There is an institutional hiatus in South Africa regarding comparative hermeneutics, in that no dedicated attention is given to studying the scriptures of the three monotheistic traditions together. Although these three traditions are studied in isolation or as religious phenomena in various institutions, there is presently no institution focusing on the hermeneutic aspects that brought these scriptures about, that rendered them authoritative through their respective histories, that determined their interpretations through the ages, and that inform their interpretations in modern-day societies. This contribution describes a project in which a Centre for the Interpretation of Authoritative Scriptures (CIAS) is presently being established at Stellenbosch University.
Editing, Circulating, and Reading Huang Zhong’s Hai yu 海語
Authors: Papelitzky Elke 
Published: June 2019

Abstract
Huang Zhong’s 1536 Hai yu is a short text about foreign countries and products connected to the sea. To compile his book, the author mainly used information based on what seafarers told him in his native place Nanhai, Guangdong, making the text a unique source for Chinese maritime history during the early sixteenth century. In the Ming dynasty, at least three different versions were circulating, all of which are now lost. Luckily, all three editions were preserved in congshu of the late Ming and Qing dynasties. The Hai yu was read and quoted by later scholars, especially those from the Jiangnan area, who valued the book for its expertise on products and animals.
Through the analysis of two full text databases of Chinese texts and gazetteers, this article examines the history of reading of Huang Zhong’s book, as well as the circulation of knowledge and the changes and adaptions Huang Zhong’s knowledge went through.
SEA-POL Goes to Sea
Authors: Rutledge Steven A. , Chandrasekar V. , Fuchs Brody , George Jim , Junyent Francesc , Dolan Brenda , Kennedy Patrick C. , Drushka Kyla 
Published: June 2019

AbstractA new, advanced radar has been developed at Colorado State University (CSU). The Sea-Going Polarimetric (SEA-POL) radar is a C-band, polarimetric Doppler radar specifically designed to deploy on research ships. SEA-POL is the first such weather radar developed in the United States. Ship-based weather radars have a long history, dating back to GATE in 1974. The GATE radars measured only reflectivity. After GATE, ship radars also provided Doppler measurements. SEA-POL represents the next advancement by adding dual-polarization technology, the ability to transmit and receive both horizontal and vertical polarizations. This configuration provides information about hydrometeor size, shape, and phase. As a result, superior rain-rate estimates are afforded by the dual-polarization technology, along with hydrometeor identification and overall improved data quality. SEA-POL made its first deployment as part of the Salinity Processes in the Upper Ocean Regional Study, second field phase (SPURS-2) fall 2017 cruise to the eastern tropical Pacific, sailing on the R/V Roger Revelle. SPURS-2 was a field project to investigate the fate of freshwater deposited on the ocean’s surface. Oceanographers are keenly interested in how fast these freshwater patches mix out by wind and upper-ocean turbulence, as the less dense rainfall sitting atop the salty ocean inhibits mixing through increased stability. To this end, during SPURS-2, SEA-POL produced rain maps identifying the location of freshwater lenses on the ocean’s surface thereby providing context for measurements of SST and salinity. Examples of SEA-POL polarization measurements are also discussed to assess microphysical processes within oceanic convection. Future ocean-based field campaigns will now benefit from SEA-POL’s advanced dual-polarization technology.
Dynamiques d’activation, de partage et d’accumulation des connaissances au sein des communautés autonomes de consommateurs en ligne, aux niveaux individuel et collectif
Authors: Demangeot Catherine , Sankaran Kizhekepat , Tagg Stephen 
Published: June 2019

Résumé Facilitant le partage des connaissances latentes des consommateurs, les communautés autonomes de consommateurs en ligne constituent des communautés de pratique de consommation. S’inspirant des études sur la gestion des connaissances, cet article étudie les dynamiques d’activation et d’accumulation des connaissances des consommateurs au sein des communautés en ligne dans le cadre naturel d’un forum en ligne. Cette étude netnographique identifie différents modèles d’activation des connaissances, en donnant un aperçu du type de connaissances des consommateurs qui émerge au sein des communautés en ligne autonomes. Différentes caractéristiques des communautés en ligne, et notamment la présence éventuelle de connaissances rares, la diversité des points de vue ou la valeur ajoutée d’opinions similaires, sont exploitées afin de produire différents types de connaissances collectives. Cette étude contribue à la littérature sur les communautés en ligne en décomposant les dynamiques de partage et d’accumulation des connaissances dans les communautés autonomes, qui agissent comme des communautés de pratique de consommation et participent au renforcement du pouvoir des consommateurs en développant des connaissances collectives à partir d’activations individuelles. Elle contribue à la littérature consacrée aux connaissances des consommateurs en caractérisant l’activation et l’accumulation des connaissances, tant au niveau individuel que collectif.
Use of cell free DNA as a prognostic biomarker in non-small cell lung cancer patients with bone metastasis
Authors: Ye Yongjian , Luo Zhihang , Shi Dejun 
Published: June 2019

Background: Non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) is difficult to treat when metastasis has occurred. This study explores the use of cell-free DNA in the clinical management of NSCLC patients who have Kirsten rat sarcoma viral oncogene homolog (KRAS)-positive mutations and as a marker for prognosis. Methods: Peripheral blood collected from advanced NSCLC patients was examined with digital droplet polymerase chain reaction and ultraviolet spectrometry. KRAS mutations were analyzed and quantitated. The specificity and sensitivity of the proposed assay was computed by associating the results with tumor tissue specimens. Comparison against different sub-groups of patients with different metastatic sites and healthy volunteers were made. Patients were subsequently followed up and survival analysis was conducted. Results: Among the 186 patients recruited, 150 had concordant KRAS mutational profiles using cell-free DNA with tumor tissues. The assay sensitivity and specificity were 80.6% and 100%, respectively. For the 150 patients with concordant results, the range of cell-free DNA quantities in peripheral blood was 5.3 to 115 ng. Among the patient groups with different metastatic sites, we observed that patients with bone metastasis had higher concentrations of cell-free DNA. Survival analysis showed that these patients had worse survival outcome. Patients with higher KRAS counts in peripheral blood also had worse outcome. Conclusion: The use of cell-free DNA presents opportunities for risk stratification of patients and possibly aids in the clinical management of the disease. In the current study for NSCLC, patients with bone metastases showed higher cell-free DNA concentrations. Quantitating the concentrations of cell-free DNA presents a noninvasive biomarker capable of prognostic utility.
Do Nonsteroidal Anti-Inflammatory Drugs Have a Deleterious Effect on Cartilage Repair? A Systematic Review
Authors: Merkely Gergo , Chisari Emanuele , Lola Rosso Claudia , Lattermann Christian 
Published: June 2019

Objectives The purpose of this study was to systematically review the available evidence regarding any plausible deleterious effects of nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) on chondrocytes, chondrocyte differentiation, and allograft or autograft incorporation after cartilage repair procedures. Design Three databases (PubMed, Science Direct, and Cochrane Library) were screened for eligible studies: investigating the effects of NSAIDs on chondrocytes, chondrogenic differentiation, or allograft/autograft incorporation. This evaluation included studies of any level of evidence, written in English, reporting clinical or preclinical results, published in peer review journals and dealing with our topic. All articles evaluating the effects of NSAIDs on either osteoarthritic (OA) chondrocyte samples or OA chondrocyte models were excluded. Moreover, articles about bone healing in which allograft or autograft incorporation was not investigated were also excluded. Methodologic quality assessment was performed for in vivo animal studies according to ARRIVE guidelines, and risk of bias of each included study was identified using the ROBINS-I tool. Results Eighteen studies were included in the review: 4 in vitro studies, 13 animal studies, and 1 human study. According to these studies NSAIDs have no detrimental effect on healthy mature chondrocytes; however, these drugs influence chondrocyte differentiation and graft incorporation and therefore may interfere with chondrogenesis and incorporation after transplantation of chondrocytes or osteochondral grafts. Conclusion The use of NSAIDs, systemic or local, after cartilage repair procedures should be avoided unless a substantial clinical benefit would otherwise be withheld from the patient. More human studies are needed to analyze the effect of NSAIDs on cartilage repair.
China National Medical Products Administration approval summary: anlotinib for the treatment of advanced non‐small cell lung cancer after two lines of chemotherapy
Authors: Zhou Ming , Chen Xiaoyuan , Zhang Hong , Xia Lin , Tong Xin , Zou Limin , Hao Ruimin , Pan Jianhong , Zhao Xiao , Chen Dongmei , Song Yuanyuan , Qi Yueli , Tang Ling , Liu Zhifang , Gao Rong , Shi Yuankai , Yang Zhimin 
Published: June 2019

AbstractBackgroundOn May 8, 2018, the China National Medical Products Administration (NMPA) approved anlotinib, an orally administered anti‐angiogenesis inhibitor, for the treatment of patients with advanced non‐small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) who have progressed after treatment with two or more lines of prior systemic chemotherapy.Main body of the abstractChina NMPA reviewed and inspected a regional double‐blinded, placebo‐controlled, Phase III trial comparing the overall survival (OS) of NSCLC patients between the anlotinib and placebo arms. A total of 437 patients were randomized (2:1) to receive either anlotinib (n = 294) or placebo (n = 143) once daily on a 2‐week on and 1‐week off schedule. Patients with epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) or activating anaplastic lymphoma kinase (ALK) genomic tumor aberrations should have disease progression on NMPA‐approved therapy. Anlotinib is the first NMPA‐approved drug for patients with advanced NSCLC who have progressed on at least two lines of prior systemic chemotherapies in China. The approval was based on a statistically and clinically significant improvement in median OS with anlotinib (9.46 months) compared with placebo [6.37 months; hazard ratio (HR]) = 0.70, 95% confidence interval (CI) = 0.55–0.89; two‐sided log‐rank P = 0.002]. The confirmed objective response rate (ORR) was 9.2% in the anlotinib arm and 0.7% in the placebo arm. The median duration of response (DoR) was 4.83 months, with a 95% CI of 3.31–6.97 months. The toxicity profile of anlotinib was consistent with that of known anti‐angiogenesis inhibitors. Common adverse drug reactions (ADRs) in anlotinib‐treated patients included hypertension (67.4%), hand–foot syndrome (43.9%), hemoptysis (14.0%), thyroid stimulating hormone (TSH) elevation (46.6%), and corrected QT interval (QTc) prolongation (26.2%).Short conclusionAnlotinib demonstrated a clinically significant OS prolongation as a novel therapeutic option for advanced or metastatic NSCLC following at least two lines of chemotherapy.
Trauma-related mortality of patients with severe psychiatric disorders: population-based study from the French national hospital database
Authors: Fond Guillaume , Pauly Vanessa , Bege Thierry , Orleans Veronica , Braunstein David , Leone Marc , Boyer Laurent 
Published: June 2019

BackgroundMost research on mortality in people with severe psychiatric disorders has focused on natural causes of death. Little is known about trauma-related mortality, although bipolar disorder and schizophrenia have been associated with increased risk of self-administered injury and road accidents.AimsTo determine if 30-day in-patient mortality from traumatic injury was increased in people with bipolar disorder and schizophrenia compared with those without psychiatric disorders.MethodA French national 2016 database of 144 058 hospital admissions for trauma was explored. Patients with bipolar disorder and schizophrenia were selected and matched with mentally healthy controls in a 1:3 ratio according to age, gender, social deprivation and region of residence. We collected the following data: sociodemographic characteristics, comorbidities, trauma severity characteristics and trauma circumstances. Study outcome was 30-day in-patient mortality.ResultsThe study included 1059 people with bipolar disorder, 1575 people with schizophrenia and their respective controls (n = 3177 and n = 4725). The 30-day mortality was 5.7% in bipolar disorder, 5.1% in schizophrenia and 3.3 and 3.8% in the controls, respectively. Only bipolar disorder was associated with increased mortality in univariate analyses. This association remained significant after adjustment for sociodemographic characteristics and comorbidities but not after adjustment for trauma severity. Self-administered injuries were associated with increased mortality independent of the presence of a psychiatric diagnosis.ConclusionsPatients with bipolar disorder are at higher risk of 30-day mortality, probably through increased trauma severity. A self-administered injury is predictive of a poor survival prognosis regardless of psychiatric diagnosis.