bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Electrical properties of two‐component mixtures and their application to high‐frequency IP exploration of permafrost
Authors: Zorin Nikita , Ageev Dmitriy 
Published: September 2019

ABSTRACTWe investigate the problem of determination of the volumetric ratio between the two components of a heterogeneous mixture with unknown internal structure. If both resistivity and permittivity of one component are known to be much higher than those of the other within a sufficiently wide frequency range, the volumetric ratio may be roughly estimated from measured electromagnetic response of the mixture by making use of the variational approach. Otherwise, such estimation requires the exact knowledge of the inherent electrical properties of the mixed materials and application of some universal mixing model, such as the weighted power mean formula.The high‐frequency induced polarization measurements are strongly influenced by the presence of ice inclusions in an investigated rock formation, which is commonly used for mapping of frozen ground within the permafrost regions. We show that for sedimentary rocks with low clay content, it is also possible to roughly estimate the ice concentration from broadband induced polarization data by using the two‐component, weighted power mean model, which is confirmed by a lab experiment on a frozen core sample with known ice content.
Spectral induced polarization for the characterisation of biochar in sand
Authors: Gao Zhan , Haegel Franz-Hubert , Huisman Johan A. , Esser Odilia , Zimmermann Egon , Vereecken Harry 
Published: September 2019

ABSTRACTThe use of biochar as a soil amendment attracts increasing research interest. However, the lack of methods to detect and monitor biochar in situ limits the validation of the field‐scale application of biochar. Spectral induced polarization is a potential tool to characterise biochar in soil. The aim of this study is to investigate the sensitivity of spectral induced polarization to biochar in sand and to understand how the physicochemical properties of both the biochar and the surrounding matrix influence the spectral induced polarization response. To this end, spectral induced polarization measurements were conducted on four types of biochar with different mass fractions disseminated in saturated sand as a host media with changing electrical conductivity. In addition, it was investigated how the spectral induced polarization response depends on the particle size of biochar. The measured SIP data were interpreted by Debye decomposition to obtain values for the peak relaxation time, ; total chargeability, ; and normalised total chargeability, . Spectral induced polarization showed a clear and specifically differentiated response to the presence of all four types of biochars. was found to be proportional to the mass fraction of biochars, although relationships varied for each type of biochars. of biochars increased with increasing particle size. Increased electrolyte concentration enhanced for all biochars, although again, the specific response was different for each biochar. In addition, higher electrolyte concentrations decreased for biochars derived from wood through pyrolysis but did not affect of biochar derived from miscanthus through hydrothermal carbonisation. It was concluded that the spectral induced polarization response of pyrolytic biochars resembled that of conductors or semiconductors, whereas the spectral induced polarization response of hydrothermal carbonisation biochar more closely resembled that of clay. Overall, the findings in this study suggest that spectral induced polarization is a promising method for the detection and characterisation of biochar in soil.
Measurement of dielectric and magnetic properties of materials by means of a TDR probe: a preliminary theoretical investigation in the frequency domain
Authors: Persico Raffaele , Pieraccini Massimiliano 
Published: September 2019

ABSTRACTThis paper is focused on the measurement of both dielectric and magnetic characteristics of a penetrable material at radio frequency through a time‐domain reflectometry probe. The goal is to prove that a time‐domain reflectometry probe can offer the possibility to discriminate the dielectric permittivity from the magnetic permeability of the material. This is due to the fact that the time‐domain reflectometry datum depends both on the propagation velocity of the electromagnetic waves in the probed medium and on the intrinsic impedance of the probe. However, the possibility to attain such a clear discrimination is bound by the condition that the reflection coefficient is measured (or calculated) along the probe at the air–soil interface in the frequency domain. Generally, time‐domain reflectometry probes measure the total (incident plus reflected) field in the time domain, and subsequently, the datum is needed to meet the condition that such claimed purpose is not just the Fourier transform of a datum collected by means of a common time‐domain reflectometry probe. Rather, either a devoted hardware should be implemented or a very accurate knowledge of the incident field should be guaranteed in order to separate the reflected wave from the incident one. In this preliminary work, our study has been restricted to a theoretical investigation in the frequency domain. In particular, our focus is set on the lossless case, and the attention is devoted to the issue of possible multiple solutions to demonstrate that this obstacle can be overcome by making the frequency step narrower or, alternatively, by narrowing the length step of the probe. Simulation results based on a bifilar transmission line model are shown.
Mapping geological structures in bedrock via large‐scale direct current resistivity and time‐domain induced polarization tomography
Authors: Rossi Matteo , Olsson Per‐Ivar , Johanson Sara , Fiandaca Gianluca , Preis Bergdahl Daniel , Dahlin Torleif 
Published: September 2019

ABSTRACTAn investigation of geological conditions is always a key point for planning infrastructure constructions. Bedrock surface and rock quality must be estimated carefully in the designing process of infrastructures. A large direct‐current resistivity and time‐domain induced‐polarization survey has been performed in Dalby, Lund Municipality, southern Sweden, with the aim of mapping lithological variations in bedrock. The geology at the site is characterised by Precambrian granitic gneisses and amphibolites, which are intensely deformed, fractured, and partly weathered. In addition, there are northwest‐trending Permian dolerite dykes that are less deformed.Four 2D direct‐current resistivity and time‐domain induced‐polarization profiles of about 1‐km length have been carefully pre‐processed to retrieve time‐domain induced polarization responses and inverted to obtain the direct‐current resistivity distribution of the subsoil and the phase of the complex conductivity using a constant‐phase angle model. The joint interpretation of electrical resistivity and induced‐polarization models leads to a better understanding of complex three‐dimensional subsoil geometries. The results have been validated by lithological descriptions from several drillings. In addition, direct‐current resistivity and time‐domain induced‐polarization logging has been carried out in two different boreholes, showing a good match with the results of the surface direct‐current resistivity and time‐domain induced‐polarization profiles.The direct‐current resistivity and time‐domain induced‐polarization methodology proved to be a suitable technique for extensively mapping weathered zones with poor geotechnical characteristics and tectonic structures, which can lead to severe problems for infrastructure construction and/or constitute risk zones for aquifer contamination.
Terrestrial and marine electrical resistivity to identify groundwater pathways in coastal karst aquifers
Authors: O’Connell Yvonne , Daly Eve , Henry Tiernan , Brown Colin 
Published: September 2019

ABSTRACTGroundwater movement in karst aquifers is characterised by high‐velocity fissure and conduit flow paths, and in coastal karst aquifers, these act as pathways for saline intrusion and freshwater discharge to the sea. This paper examines groundwater movement in two neighbouring catchments in the west of Ireland that represent canonical coastal karst aquifers dominated by discharges in the intertidal zone and at offshore submarine springs. Terrestrial and surface‐towed marine electrical resistivity tomography, coupled with ancillary hydrogeological data, identifies the influence of faulting and conduits on groundwater egress/saltwater ingress. The on‐shore and off‐shore subsurface geometry of major fault zones is identified, and the tidal influence of seawater and ground‐water flow is demonstrated in these zones and karst springs. Imaging of these sub‐surface structures is a pre‐requisite for numerical modelling of current and future climate‐driven freshwater–seawater interactions in karst coastal aquifers.
The Effect of Dutasteride and Tomato Extract Combination on Reducing Blood Loss after Transurethral Resection of the Prostate
Authors: Nugroho Eriawan Agung , Kemara Selly Adyta , Amarwati Siti , Supit Tommy 
Published: September 2019

Context:
Lycopene, a carotenoid found in tomatoes, possesses antiangiogenic activities that might be useful in the management of prostate enlargement. However, the current evidence is still inconclusive in regard to this matter.

Aims:
The aim of the study was to investigate the effect of combined oral dutasteride and lycopene consumption in reducing posttransurethral resection of the prostate (TURP) bleeding.

Settings and Design:
Twenty-two individuals diagnosed with benign prostatic hyperplasia were randomly allocated into two groups of equal size. Thirty days prior to TURP, individuals in Group 1 (control) were given daily oral dutasteride 0.5 mg and placebo pill and individuals in Group 2 (intervention) were given dutasteride 0.5 mg and lycopene 30 mg.

Subjects and Methods:
The parameters measured in this study were pre- and post-TURP plasma erythrocyte count and microvessel density (MVD) of resected prostate tissue stained with CD34.

Statistical Analysis Used:
Data homogeneity was tested using the Shapiro–Wilk test. Individuals' characteristics were analyzed using the Mann–Whitney U-test and plasma erythrocyte and MVD analyzed using the t-test. Spearman's correlation analysis was performed to find significant correlations between the two variables.

Results:
There were two dropouts. The mean MVD in the control group was significantly higher compared to the intervention group (28.2 ± 12.3 vs. 18.3 ± 7.6 vessel/mm2, P = 0.044). Reduction of post-TURP plasma erythrocytes was significantly higher in the control group compared to the intervention group (−0.34 ± 0.18 vs. −0.17 ± 0.12 106/μL, P = 0.048).

Conclusions:
Daily consumption of dutasteride and lycopene for at least 30 days reduced the formation of blood vessels in the prostate and reduced blood loss post-TURP.
Triviality Properties of Principal Bundles on Singular Curves. II
Authors: Belkale P. , Fakhruddin N. 
Published: September 2019

AbstractFor $G$ a split semi-simple group scheme and $P$ a principal $G$-bundle on a relative curve $X\rightarrow S$, we study a natural obstruction for the triviality of $P$ on the complement of a relatively ample Cartier divisor $D\subset X$. We show, by constructing explicit examples, that the obstruction is nontrivial if $G$ is not simply connected, but it can be made to vanish by a faithfully flat base change, if $S$ is the spectrum of a dvr (and some other hypotheses). The vanishing of this obstruction is shown to be a sufficient condition for étale local triviality if $S$ is a smooth curve, and the singular locus of $X-D$ is finite over $S$.
El mito y la mirada
Authors: Šabec Maja 
Published: September 2019

El mito es uno de los fenómenos esenciales en la historia de la humanidad – es el procedimiento más antiguo de conceptualización de la realidad y el modelo primigenio de cada cultura, por lo que es comprensible que todas las formas de cultura incesantemente vuelvan la mirada y regresen hacia la fuente de las imágenes en la mitología, unas veces apropiándose de ellas, y otras cuestionándolas y construyendo sobre ellas otras nuevas. El presente número temático, «El mito y la mirada», ha sido concebido como una amplia encrucijada interdisciplinar de diferentes retos de investigación, en la que todas y cada una de las contribuciones corroboran la omnipresencia del substrato mitológico que ayuda al hombre moderno a encontrar respuestas a las sempiternas preguntas que lleva planteándose desde el inicio de su existencia. Se han reunido los más diversos enfoques y metodologías de investigación que –en un proceso de lectura moderna, abierta y sensible a los mitos europeos comunes y nacionales, y mediante la confrontación de la tradición y la modernidad– superan el mero registro o evocación de motivos mitológicos y, descubriendo los caminos por los que los mitos han transitado desde su narración original hasta los estratos más profundos e inseparables de la conciencia y subconsciencia humanas, despiertan cada vez nuevas reinterpretaciones posibles.
Interleukin-17 production by CD4+CD45RO+Foxp3+
T cells in peripheral blood of patients with atherosclerosis
Authors: Yazdani Mohammad , Khosropanah Shahdad , Doroudchi Mehrnoosh 
Published: September 2019

IntroductionT regulatory cells (Tregs) are known as immunoregulatory cells that are reduced in atherosclerosis. Tregs are a part of crosstalk between the immune system and lipoprotein metabolism, both of which are involved in atherosclerotic processes. Depletion of Tregs leads to impaired clearance of low density lipoprotein (LDL), and intracellular cholesterol homeostasis affects Treg cell development. Furthermore, the atherosclerotic environment affects the Treg cells’ phenotype and plasticity. Plasticity between Tregs and Th17 cells has been a matter of investigation lately. We investigated the frequency of interleukin-17 (IL-17)-producing Tregs in the peripheral blood of patients with atherosclerosis.Material and methodsWe studied 10 non-diabetic patients with significant coronary artery disease (CAD) as the patient group, and seven non-diabetic individuals with normal coronary angiography/insignificant CAD as the control group. Peripheral blood mononuclear cells were stained with fluorescent antibodies to detect CD4, CD45RO, IL-17, and Foxp3 expression both before and after stimulation with PMA/Ionomycin. Cell enumeration was performed using flowcytometry and analysed using Mann-Whitney test.ResultsCD4+IL-17+Foxp3+ and CD4+IL-17+Foxp3- subsets showed higher frequencies in patients than in controls both before (p = 0.0031, p = 0.033, respectively) and after stimulation (p = 0.0027 and p = 0.0013, respectively). Interestingly, CD4+IL-17+Foxp3+ cells were almost exclusively CD45RO+ with a much higher frequency in patients than in controls (p = 0.0027, p = 0.0007). After stimulation, the frequency of CD4+CD45RO+IL-17+Foxp3+ lymphocytes increased to a greater extent in patients (p < 0.0001) than in controls.ConclusionsInterleukin-17 production by an intermediate population with an activated Treg phenotype in our patients may point to the population heterogeneity or plasticity in Tregs during atherosclerotic inflammation.
On developing a new ionospheric plasma index for Brazilian equatorial F region irregularities
Authors: Resende Laysa Cristina Araujo , Denardini Clezio Marcos , Picanço Giorgio Arlan Silva , Moro Juliano , Barros Diego , Figueiredo Cosme Alexandre Oliveira Barros , Silva Régia Pereira 
Published: September 2019

Abstract. F region vertical drifts (Vz) are the result of the
interaction between ionospheric plasma with the zonal electric field and
the Earth's magnetic field. Abrupt variations in Vz are strongly
associated with the occurrence of plasma irregularities (spread F) during
the nighttime periods. These irregularities are manifestations of space
weather in the ionosphere's environment without necessarily requiring a solar
burst. In this context, the Brazilian Space Weather Study and Monitoring
Program (Embrace) of the National Institute for Space Research (INPE) has
been developing different indexes to analyze these ionospheric
irregularities in the Brazilian sector. Therefore, the main purpose of this
work is to produce a new ionospheric scale based on the analysis of the
ionospheric plasma drift velocity, named AV. It is based on the maximum
value of Vz (Vzp), which in turn is calculated through its
relationship with the virtual height parameter, h′F, measured by the Digisonde
Portable Sounder (DPS-4D) installed in São Luís (2∘ S,
44∘ W; dip: −2.3∘). This index quantifies the time
relationship between the Vz peak and the irregularity observed in the
ionograms. Thus, in this study, we analyzed 7 years of data, between 2009
and 2015, divided by season in order to construct a standardized scale. The
results show there is a delay of at least 15 min between the Vzp
observation and the irregularity occurrence. Finally, we believe that this
proposed index allows for evaluating the impacts of ionospheric phenomena in the
space weather environment.
EFFECTS OF SILANE AGENTS AND CURING TEMPERATURES ON VULCANIZATE STRUCTURES
Authors: Ahn Byungkyu , Lee Jong-Yeop , Kim Donghyuk , Kim Il Jin , Han Sangwook , Kim Wonho 
Published: September 2019

ABSTRACT
Silane coupling agents are commonly used in silica-filled rubber compounds to hydrophobize the silica surface and improve filler–rubber interaction. The coupling agent bis[3-(triethoxysilyl)propyl]tetrasulfide (TESPT) is the most widely used coupling agent. The tetrasulfide is more reactive than the disulfide in bis[3-(triethoxysilyl)propyl]disulfide (TESPD) due to its low decomposition energy, resulting in more coupling reaction with rubber molecules. Meanwhile, vulcanization temperature affects chemical networks. Polysulfide is vulnerable to heat, so it can be easily broken to form shorter crosslinks. Compounds with TESPD or TESPT were vulcanized at 160 and 180 °C. In addition to the decomposition, the reactivity of the silanes was confirmed from the cure characteristics of the compounds without the curatives. TESPD could also cause a coupling reaction without the curatives such as TESPT known to release free sulfur. By analyzing vulcanizate structures, total crosslink density was separated into chemical crosslink density and filler–rubber networks. Applying TESPT or vulcanizing at 180 °C increased the filler–rubber networks, and the higher vulcanization temperature decreased the chemical crosslink density. By correlating physical properties, effects of the vulcanizate structures on performance of tread compounds were investigated. The filler–rubber interaction was dominant for wet traction and mechanical properties in tensile test. The chemical crosslink density affected rolling resistance.
Social Synchrony and Tuning Out: Karen Participation in Music, Tradition, and Ethnicity in Northern Thailand
Authors: Fairfield Benjamin 
Published: September 2019

AbstractParticipatory genres of music have been recognized as spaces in which ethnic group identity is not just imaginable but also felt, seen, heard, and embodied. Engaged participation indeed builds solidarity and social synchrony, but beyond the ring of interacting participants can sometimes be found objectors who, in spite of the accessibility of the music, feel, mandate, or choose exclusion. This article tracks artist Chi Suwichan Phattanaphraiwan’s use of Karen (Pgaz K’Nyau) funeral music in Thailand to show the cultural complexity of an ethnic group emergent both in musical participation and in the refusal to engage. Ethnic identity is asserted in participation, as well as by “tuning out”บทคัดย่อ. เป็นที่ยอมรับกันว่า ดนตรีประเภทมีส่วนร่วมถือเป็น พื้นที่ ที่ไม่เพียงทำให้นึกภาพเอกลักษณ์ของกลุ่มชาติพันธุ์ภายในนั้นได้เท่านั้น แต่ยังทำให้ รู้สึก เห็น ได้ยิน และแฝงจิตวิญญาณได้อีกด้วย การมีส่วนร่วมอย่างผูกพันกันนั้น แน่นอนว่าจะสร้างความสามัคคีและความพร้อมเพรียงทางสังคมขึ้น แต่นอกเหนือจากวงผู้มีส่วนร่วมปฏิสัมพันธ์กันแล้ว บางครั้งก็ยังสามารถพบเห็นผู้รังเกียจที่แม้จะมีโอกาสเข้าถึงดนตรี แต่กลับ รู้สึก สั่ง หรือเลือกการตีตัวออกห่าง บทความนี้ติดตามการใช้ดนตรีงานศพของชาวปกาเกอะญอในประเทศไทยของศิลปิน ชิ สุวิชาน พัฒนาไพรวัลย์ ในการแสดงความซับซ้อนทางวัฒนธรรมของกลุ่มชาติพันธุ์ ทั้งในการมีส่วนร่วมทางดนตรีและในการปฏิเสธที่จะเข้าร่วม เอกลักษณ์ทางชาติพันธุ์ถูกแสดงออกในการมีส่วนร่วมและโดยการ เมินเฉย
The Tarpon Springs Greektown Traditional Cultural District: The National Register Nomination and the Battle of the Sponge Docks
Authors: Bucuvalas Tina 
Published: September 2019

Abstract
Since 1905, Tarpon Springs’ Greektown Historic District has been significant for its tenacious continuity of Greek traditional culture. In 2014, it became Florida’s first Traditional Cultural Property listed on the National Register and the nation’s first non-indigenous TCP district. The essay examines local issues surrounding the district and its development, as well as the National Register nomination process and the role it played in saving Greektown from culturally destructive gentrification.
Resazurin Method for Evaluation of Bioactive Compounds from Cranberry Extracts Using the Metabolic Activity of a ΔSOD1 Mutant of Saccharomyces cerevisiae Yeast Under Severe Osmotic Stress
Authors: Święciło Agata , Rybczyńska-Tkaczyk Kamila 
Published: September 2019

Abstract
Background: In addition to nutrients, plant raw materials for food production should also contain substances with beneficial biological properties, which unquestionably include antioxidant compounds. Among the numerous methods of determining the antioxidant properties of samples of plant material, biological methods that provide information about not only the in vivo antioxidant potential of samples but also their metabolism and bioavailability are increasingly valued. Objective: The aim of the study was to assess the antioxidant properties of extracts from large cranberry (Vaccinium macrocarpon) obtained from different producers. Methods: Biologically active compounds were extracted from cranberry fruits using water alone and ethyl alcohol–water in proportions of 1+1 and 4+1 (v/v) as solvents. The following were determined in the extracts: content of phenolic compounds and anthocyanins, total antioxidant capacity based on reduction of the ABTS+• [2,20-azino-bis (3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulphonic acid)] radical cation, and antioxidant properties as reflected by the growth of a Saccharomyces cerevisiae Δsod1 mutant in a liquid hypertonic environment. The growth parameters of this Δsod1 mutant, monitored by a method exploiting a color reaction with resazurin, reflected the antioxidant properties of the extracts. Results: The ethanol–water cranberry extracts showed higher content of polyphenols, anthocyanins, and total antioxidants expressed as Trolox equivalent, determined on the basis of ABTS+• reduction. Conclusions: The antioxidant properties determined by the bioassay did not respond strongly to the data obtained in the in vitro chemical and biochemical assays, because they were more closely associated with the batch of fruit than with the type of solvent used to extract phytochemicals.
Two new species of Fridericia (Annelida: Enchytraeidae) from Hungarian caves
Authors: Dózsa-Farkas Klára , Nagy Hajnalka , Felföldi Tamás 
Published: September 2019

Cave research in Hungary has developed a lot in the last decade. As a part of this progress, enchytraeid specimens were collected from Hungarian caves and were subsequently characterized by comparative morphological and molecular taxonomic analyses. Molecular phylogenetic studies based on ITS, CO1 and H3 sequences and morphological results confirmed that these specimens represented two species new to science. The descriptions of Fridericia baradlana sp. nov. and Fridericia spelaeophila sp. nov. are presented in this paper.