bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Sosialisasi Pentingnya Customer Relationship Management (CRM) dalam Upaya Meningkatkan Retensi Pelanggan pada Usaha Mikro Kecil dan Menengah (UMKM) di Cilegon
Authors: Rosalina Vidila , Malik Abdul , Perwitasari Erma 
Published: February 2018

Usaha Mikro Kecil dan Menengah (UMKM) di wilayah Banten sebagian besar masih dikelola dengan metode konvensional, sentuhan teknologi informasi belum optimal. Salah satu pendekatan bisnis modern adalah dengan memperhatikan faktor pelanggan, bukan saja sebelum transaksi, tapi tidak kalah penting adalah setelah transaksi. Sistem Teknologi Informasi yang digunakan untuk mengelola pelanggan dengan tujuan untuk meningkatkan retensi pelanggan ini disebut dengan Customer Relationship Management (CRM). Perangkat lunak CRM yang sekarang ada lebih berorientasi ke perusahaan besar yang sudah mapan, sehingga akan menimbulkan beberapa ketidaksesuaian ketika diterapkan dalam UMKM. Pengabdian ini mencoba melakukan sosialisasi pentingnya CRM pada UMKM dalam meningkatkan retensi pelanggan UMKM. Penerapan CRM ini akan membantu UMKM dalam pengelolaan hubungan dengan pelanggan sehingga dapat meningkatkan daya saingnya dengan perusahaan lain dalam mempertahankan bisnis yang dijalankan dan sebagai sarana untuk memperoleh pasar baru yang lebih luas. Pendekatan yang digunakan adalah menggunakan model 'lokalisasi' melalui observasi yang dilakukan pada usaha UMKM yang tergabung pada Himpunan Pengusaha Mikro Kecil dan Menengah Indonesia (HIPMIKINDO) Cilegon. Hasil pengabdian ini diharapkan mampu memberikan gambaran tentang pentingnya CRM pada UMKM di wilayah Banten.
Pelatihan Penerapan Pembelajaran Matematika Realistik (PMR) di SDN 03 Desa Cimaung Kecamatan Cikeusal Kabupaten Serang
Authors: Sholahudin Usep 
Published: February 2018

Realistic Mathematics Education (RME) is the utilization of reality, environment and event experienced by students and that will affect the level of students' understanding of learning materials and produce high achievement. The purpose of this Program Pengabdian kepada Masyarakat (PPM) is to conduct RME implementation training for teachers of SDN 03 Desa Cimaung and provide assistance for mastery of RME application in the classroom. The activities were conducted in two meetings. The first meeting discussed the RME approach to the classroom teaching process, objectives, characteristics and steps of RME. The second meeting was the assistance of the application of RME materials in the classroom. The methods used in carrying out this devotional activity are lecture, question and answer method, discussion, and demonstration. The result of this devotional activity is the increasing knowledge and insight of teachers at SDN 03 Desa Cimaung and applying the results of RME training in each class. Keywords: application, realistic mathematics education, knowledge
An Examination of Science High School Students’ Motivation towards Learning Biology and Their Attitude Towards Biology Lesson
Authors: KIŞOĞLU Mustafa 
Published: February 2018

The purpose of this study is to examine motivation of students studying in Science High School towards learning biology and their attitude towards biology lesson. The sample of the study consists of 564 high school students (308 females, 256 males) studying at two science high schools in Aksaray, Turkey. In the study relational screening method which is a descriptive survey model was utilized. “Academic Motivation Scale for Learning Biology” consisting of 4 sub-dimensions (intrinsic motivation, amotivation, extrinsic motivation-career and extrinsic motivation-social) and 19 items and “Biology Science and Course Attitude Scale” consisting of 3 sub-dimensions (interest, pleasure and anxiety) and 23 items were utilized. Data were interpreted in accordance with arithmetic mean, percentage, frequency and significance level. Significance level was taken as 0.05. As a result of the research arithmetic means of students’ intrinsic motivation and extrinsic motivation-career sub-dimensions were found to be above the scale mean. Students’ mean score in amotivation and extrinsic motivation-social sub-dimensions were below the scale mean. However, students’ arithmetic mean in each of sub-dimensions in attitude scale were average. Highest relation among sub-dimensions of motivation and attitude scales was found to be between intrinsic motivation and interest, and intrinsic motivation and pleasure sub-dimensions. Nevertheless, as a result of the evaluation done in terms of students’ gender and class level it was determined that there is significant difference between their gender and class levels in sub-dimensions of motivation and attitude scales.
Een eerste balans van het Europees burgerinitiatief, in het licht van de Anagnostakis-uitspraak en het EBI-herzieningsvoorstel
Authors: Senden L.A.J. , Nicolosi S. 
Published: February 2018

Een eerste balans van het Europees burgerinitiatief, in het licht van de Anagnostakis-uitspraak en het EBI-herzieningsvoorstel
In Verordening (EU) nr. 211/2011 zijn nadere voorwaarden vastgelegd voor het indienen van een Europees burgerinitiatief (EBI). In de ruim vijf jaar dat deze Verordening nu van kracht is, sinds 1 april 2012, zijn belangrijke knelpunten zichtbaar geworden. In deze bijdrage beogen we een eerste balans op te maken van de inrichting en de werking van het EBI, door een analyse van de recente uitspraak van het Hof van Justitie in de Anagnostakis zaak over de rechtmatigheid van een afwijzend besluit van de Commissie tot registratie van een EBI en het recente voorstel van de Commissie tot wijziging van de Verordening om de werking van het EBI te verbeteren. HvJ 12 september 2017, zaak C-589/15 P, Alexios Anagnostakis/Europese Commissie, ECLI:EU:C:2017:663; Verordening (EU) nr. 211/2011 van het Europees Parlement en de Raad van 16 februari 2011 over het burgerinitiatief, PbEU 2011, L 65/1 (EBI-Verordening); Voorstel voor een verordening van het Europees Parlement en de Raad betreffende het Europees burgerinitiatief COM(2017)482 def.
Moralizing science: the uses of science's past in

national education in the 1920s
Authors: MAYER ANNA-KATHERINA 
Published: July 2002

The present interest of Englishmen in education is partly due to

the fact that they are impressed

by German thoroughness. Now let there be no mistake. The war has shown

the effectiveness of

German education in certain departments of life, but it has shown not

only its ineffectiveness, but

its grotesque absurdity in regard to other departments of life, and

those the departments which

are, even in a political sense, the most important. In the organization

of material resources

Germany has won well-merited admiration, but in regard to moral

conduct, and in regard to all

that art of dealing with other men and other nations which is

closely allied to moral conduct, she

has won for herself the horror of the civilized world. If you

take the whole result, and ask whether

we prefer German or English education, I at any rate should not

hesitate in my reply.Thus William Temple, future archbishop, addressing the Educational

Section at the 1916

meeting of the British Association for the Advancement of Science in

Newcastle. Temple's

statement introduced his contribution to the ‘neglect-of-science’

debate, a public dispute

over the place of science in English secondary education.

Originally, the debate had been

started by prominent scientists convinced that England's

military and industrial fortunes

were suffering as a result of the country's continuing

scientific illiteracy. The contrasts

Temple drew between ‘us’ and ‘them’,

between England and Germany, between ‘conduct’

and ‘efficiency’, cropped up throughout the debate.
HIGHER CONJUGATION COHOMOLOGY IN COMMUTATIVE HOPF ALGEBRAS
Authors: Crossley M. D. , Whitehouse Sarah 
Published: July 2002

AbstractLet $A$ be a graded, commutative Hopf algebra. We study an action of the symmetric group $\sSi_n$ on the tensor product of $n-1$ copies of $A$; this action was introduced by the second author in 1 and is relevant to the study of commutativity conditions on ring spectra in stable homotopy theory 2.We show that for a certain class of Hopf algebras the cohomology ring $H^*(\sSi_n;A^{\otimes n-1})$ is independent of the coproduct provided $n$ and $(n-2)!$ are invertible in the ground ring. With the simplest coproduct structure, the group action becomes particularly tractable and we discuss the implications this has for computations.AMS 2000 Mathematics subject classification: Primary 16W30; 57T05; 20C30; 20J06; 55S25
THE SECOND DERIVATIVE OF A MEROMORPHIC FUNCTION
Authors: Langley J. K. 
Published: July 2002

AbstractLet $f$ be meromorphic of finite order in the plane, such that $f^{(k)}$ has finitely many zeros, for some $k\geq2$. The author has conjectured that $f$ then has finitely many poles. In this paper, we strengthen a previous estimate for the frequency of distinct poles of $f$. Further, we show that the conjecture is true if either $f$ has order less than $1+\varepsilon$, for some positive absolute constant $\varepsilon$, or$f^{(m)}$, for some $0\leq m lt k$, has few zeros away from the real axis.AMS 2000 Mathematics subject classification: Primary 30D35
REMAPPING SPANISH IMPERIALISM, COLONIALISM, AND POST-COLONIALISM: THE CASE OF CUZCO, PERU
Authors: DEANS-SMITH SUSAN 
Published: July 2002

Colonial habits: convents and the spritual economy of Cuzco, Peru. By Kathryn Burns. Durham: Duke University Press, 1999. Pp. xi+307. ISBN 0-8223-2291-9.Inka bodies and the body of Christ: Corpus Christi in colonial Cuzco, Peru. By Carolyn Dean. Durham and London: Duke University Press, 1999. Pp. xiv+264. ISBN 0-8223-2367-2.The world of Túpac Amaru: conflict, community, and identity in colonial Peru. By Ward Stavig. Lincoln: University of Nebraska Press, 1999. Pp. xxxiv+348. ISBN 0-8032-9255-4.Smouldering ashes: Cuzco and the creation of Republican Peru, 1780–1840. By Charles F. Walker. Durham and London, Duke University Press, 1999. Pp. xiii+330. ISBN 0-8223-2293-5.
NOVEL NARRATIVES, NEW RESEARCH: THE FRENCH REVOLUTION AFTER THE

BICENTENNIAL
Authors: SAVAGE GARY 
Published: July 2002

Revolution and political conflict in the French navy, 1789–1794.

By William S. Cormack.

Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1995. Pp. 343. £40.00.The family romance of the French revolution. By Lynn Hunt.

London: Routledge, 1992. Pp. 213. £19.99.The French idea of freedom: the old regime and the Declaration

of Rights of 1789. Edited by Dale

Van Kley. Stanford: Stanford University Press, 1995. Pp. 436. £35.00.A rhetoric of bourgeois revolution: the Abbé Sieyes and

What is the third estate ? By William

H. Sewell, Jr. Durham and London: Duke University Press, 1994. Pp. 221.

£10.95.The genesis of the French revolution: a global-historical

interpretation. By Bailey Stone.

Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1995. Pp. 268. £12.95.The new regime: transformations of the French civic order,

1789–1820s. By Isser Woloch. New

York and London: W. W. Norton, 1994. Pp. 536. £27.50.
Prediction of leaf and internode development in wheat
Authors: WEIGHTMAN R. M. , KIRBY E. J. M. , SYLVESTER-BRADLEY R. , SCOTT R. K. , CLARE R. W. , GILLETT A. 
Published: July 2002

Functions which predict rate of leaf emergence and final number
of

leaves, used in a model to predict

the date at which growth stages occur, were tested in an experiment on

winter wheat cv. Mercia grown

with standardized husbandry at six sites in 1992/93, 1993/94 and

1994/95. A study of the number

of detectable nodes on the culm and leaf length was also made.The predicted rate of leaf emergence was mostly within 5% of the observed

value. The difference

between observed and predicted final number of leaves was mostly less than

half a leaf but suspected

errors in leaf counts resulted in some differences of more than two leaves.Variable extension of the basal internode impaired confidence in the

detection of nodes. The mean

number of detectable nodes differed significantly among sites and between

seasons from 3·7 to 4·8 but

could not be related to sowing date or final number of leaves. Further

information on factors affecting

extension of the basal internode is desirable to standardize node detection

and improve prediction of culm leaf appearance.Culm leaves showed successively longer laminae up to the penultimate
leaf.

There was a significant

relationship between length of the flag leaf and the final number of leaves,

but it was positive in

1993/94 and negative in 1994/95. This may have been due to greater

water stress in 1994/95.
Seasonal dynamics of leaf extension and losses to
senescence and herbivory in extensively managed sown
ryegrass–white clover swards
Authors: MARRIOTT C. A. , BARTHRAM G. T. , BOLTON G. R. 
Published: July 2002

Tissue flow measurements of leaf material in Lolium perenne (perennial ryegrass), Agrostis capillaris
or Poa annua, and Trifolium repens (white clover) were made at three upland sites in Scotland
(Hartwood, Sourhope and Fasque) in 1992/93 to determine if there were differences in seasonal
growth, senescence and losses to herbivory between species in their response to more extensive sward
management. The measurements were made monthly from May until October in established
predominantly perennial ryegrass/white clover swards receiving three different treatments. One
treatment received a conventional annual fertilizer application of 140 kg N/ha plus maintenance P
and K and was grazed by sheep at a sward height of 4 cm (4F), whereas the other two treatments were
unfertilized and grazed to maintain a sward height of 4 cm (4U) or 8 cm (8U).Significant sources of the variation in leaf appearance, increase in green lamina/petiole length (leaf
extension), senescence and losses to herbivory were attributable to site, sward, species and date of
measurement. The rate of leaf extension for all three measured species was less in 4U than 4F swards,
and less in 4U than 8U swards. Leaf extension of L. perenne exceeded that of the other species, even
in unfertilized swards, but rates of leaf appearance were less. There was some evidence in spring of
a reduction in net growth as a consequence of removing fertilizer inputs and maintaining a sward
height of 4 cm. Species differences in the losses of leaf tissue to herbivory were dependent on sward
management. In the 4F treatment, leaf loss to herbivory from L. perenne tillers was greater than that
from either A. capillaris, P. annua or T. repens in May, June and September. In the 4U treatment more
leaf tissue was also lost from L. perenne than from T. repens. In contrast, there was no difference
between grass species in losses to herbivory in either unfertilized sward. The responses of species to
changes in fertilizer and grazing management were similar at three sites of differing fertility. The
results are discussed in relation to plant competition and species dynamics in extensively managed
swards.
“Loyal to a Dream Country”: Republicanism and the
Pragmatism of William James and Richard Rorty
Authors: MALACHUK DANIEL S. 
Published: July 2002

Our nation has been founded in what we may call our American religion,
baptized and reared in the faith that a man requires no master to take care of him,
and that common people can work out their salvation well enough together if left
free to try.William James, “Robert Gould Shaw Oration,” 1897[T]he civic religion of which Whitman and Dewey were prophets … centered
around taking advantage of traditional pride in American citizenship by
substituting social justice for individual freedom as our country's principal
goal … You have to be loyal to a dream country rather than to the one to which
you wake up every morning.Richard Rorty, “A Cultural Left,” 1997James and Rorty refer here to what sociologists used to call the American
civil religion. In 1967, Robert N. Bellah coined this phrase to suggest how
Americans, shaped by the complex interplay of republican and Christian
traditions, believe they have an obligation “to carry out God's will on
earth.” Since the 1970s, though, it has been historians like J. G. A.
Pocock who have shown how republicans throughout the modern West
have for the last five centuries blended the millennialist beliefs of
Christianity with the ancient conviction that humans realize their political
nature through the virtuous acts required to sustain republics in a cosmos
ruled by fortune. As James once said of pragmatism, republicanism is a
new name for an old way of thinking.
Productive and reproductive performance in cattle infected with
bovine leukosis virus
Authors: D'ANGELINO JOSÉ LUIZ , GARCIA MAURÍCIO , BIRGEL EDUARDO HARRY 
Published: July 2002

Economic losses caused by enzootic bovine leukosis (EBL) have been
of interest
since World War II, when the neoplastic form of EBL increased dramatically
in Europe. Olson (1974) and House et al. (1975) showed that animals
with
lymphosarcoma caused by the bovine leukosis virus (BLV) had reduced milk
yields,
a less efficient reproductive performance and high veterinary costs and
mortality
rates, while many carcasses were rejected at slaughter. However, the actual
impact
of BLV infection in cattle without lymphosarcoma is not clear. The purpose
of the
study reported here was to compare some productive and reproductive responses
of
cattle that were antibody-positive (BLV+) or negative (BLV−) for
BLV.Holstein dairy cows in commercial dairy farms were used in this study.
Blood
samples were collected and subjected to BLV serological examination by
the agar gel
immunodiffusion test of Miller & van der Maaten (1976). Animals were
then grouped
as BLV+ or BLV− according to their serological response to the BLV
antigen.
Productive and reproductive histories were obtained from individual animal
records
and the following factors were considered: milk production, calving interval
and
birth rate. For milk production, we had the daily milk yields of 547 animals,
and for
calving interval the time between two successive parturitions for 444 cows.
These
values were examined by ANOVA and when this was
significant a Student's t test
was carried out for each age group. Birth rates, the percentage of animals
that calved
in 1 year, were available for 557 animals and were examined with the Z-two
proportion test. For all analyses, P<0·05 was considered
significant.
Nonlinear effects in two-layer large-amplitude geostrophic dynamics.
Part 2. The weak-beta case
Authors: KARSTEN RICHARD H. , SWATERS GORDON E. 
Published: July 2002

This paper is a continuation of our study on nonlinear processes in large-amplitude
geostrophic (LAG) dynamics. Here, we examine the so-called weak-β models. These
models arise when the intrinsic length scale is large enough so that the dynamics is
geostrophic to leading order but not so large that the β-effect enters into the dynamics
at leading order (but remains, nevertheless, dynamically non-negligible). In contrast
to our previous analysis of strong-β LAG models in Part 1, we show that the weak-β
models allow for vigorous linear baroclinic instability.For two-layer weak-β LAG models in which the mean depths of both layers are
approximately equal, the linear instability problem can exhibit an ultraviolet catastrophe.
We argue that it is not possible to establish conditions for the nonlinear stability
in the sense of Liapunov for a steady flow. We also show that the finite-amplitude
evolution of a marginally unstable flow possesses explosively unstable modes, i.e.
modes for which the amplitude becomes unbounded in finite time. Numerical simulations
suggest that the development of large-amplitude meanders, squirts and eddies
is correlated with the presence of these explosively unstable modes.For two-layer weak-β LAG models in which one of the two layers is substantially
thinner than the other, the linear stability problem does not exhibit an ultraviolet
catastrophe and it is possible to establish conditions for the nonlinear stability in
the sense of Liapunov for steady flows. A finite-amplitude analysis for a marginally
unstable flow suggests that nonlinearities act to stabilize eastward and enhance the
instability of westward flows. Numerical simulations are presented to illustrate these
processes.
Two-point closures and their applications: report on a workshop
Authors: GODEFERD F. S. , CAMBON C. , SCOTT J. F. 
Published: July 2002

This international scientific workshop was organized in Lyon, France, from 10 to
12 May 2000. Its focus was ‘Two-point closures and their applications’, with the
understanding that the analysis and design of such models requires expert knowledge
coming from a wide range of areas in turbulence research, e.g. experiments, numerical
simulations, asymptotic models, etc.In the global challenge of turbulence modelling, two-point closures prove useful in
many ways. Two-point correlations and spectra are useful measures of the distortion
of the eddy structure of turbulence by stratification, large-scale strains, rotation,
etc. In some cases, e.g. near boundaries, spectra can be drastically changed. In
addition to the accurate characterization of turbulence, the explicit computation of
two-point correlations or spectra shows how the internal dynamics of the various
scales of motion are affected by such distortion, especially the cascade process on
which the production/dissipation relationship depends. Distortion can be the cause
of large departures from isotropic homogeneous turbulence, pulling turbulent flows
far away from the local equilibrium that is often assumed. A rather weak departure
can allow the use of linearized theories such as rapid distortion theory, for the
applicability of which rational bounds may be estimated by comparisons with weakly
nonlinear calculations. A different approach is necessary when dealing with larger
departures, for instance due to growth of instabilities. In that case new physical or
similarity arguments have to be employed to obtain a satisfactory description of the
modification to the cascade process, which can even undergo reversal in the limit
when three-dimensional turbulence becomes two-dimensional. Of course, significant
changes in spectra have direct implications for one-point measures of turbulence –
which can be explicitly derived by integration of two-point correlations – used in most
industrial closure schemes. Such one-point models consequently need to be adapted
when turbulence is strongly affected by distortion.