bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Postdonation eGFR and New-Onset Antihypertensive Medication Use After Living Kidney Donation
Authors: Lentine Krista L. , Holscher Courtenay M. , Naik Abhijit S. , Lam Ngan N. , Segev Dorry L. , Garg Amit X. , Axelrod David , Xiao Huiling , Henderson Macey L. , Massie Allan B. , Kasiske Bertram L. , Hess Gregory P. , Hsu Chi-yuan , Park Meyeon , Schnitzler Mark A. 
Published: July 2019

Background.
Limited data are available regarding clinical implications of lower renal function after living kidney donation. We examined a novel integrated database to study associations between postdonation estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) and use of antihypertensive medication (AHM) treatment after living kidney donation.

Methods.
Study data were assembled by linking national U.S. transplant registry identifiers, serum creatinine (SCr) values from electronic medical records, and pharmacy fill records for 3222 living donors (1989–2016) without predonation hypertension. Estimated GFR (mL/min per 1.73 m2) was computed from SCr values by the CKD-EPI equation. Repeated measures multivariable mixed effects modeling examined the associations (adjusted odds ratio, 95%LCLaOR95% UCL) between AHM use and postdonation eGFR levels (random effect) with fixed effects for baseline donor factors.

Results.
The linked database identified an average of 3 postdonation SCr values per donor (range: 1–38). Lower postdonation eGFR (vs ≥75) bore graded associations with higher odds of AHM use (eGFR 30–44: aOR 0.951.472.26; <30: aOR 1.082.525.90). Other independent correlates of postdonation AHM use included older age at donation (aOR per decade: 1.081.231.40), black race (aOR 1.031.512.21), body mass index > 30 kg/m2 (aOR 1.011.452.09), first-degree donor–recipient relationship (aOR 1.071.381.79), “prehypertension” at donation (systolic blood pressure 120–139: aOR 1.101.461.94; diastolic blood pressure 80–89: aOR 1.061.451.99).

Conclusions.
This novel linkage illustrates the ability to identify postdonation kidney function and associate it with clinically meaningful outcomes; lower eGFR after living kidney donation is a correlate of AHM treatment requirements. Further work should define relationships of postdonation renal function, hypertension, and other morbidity measures.
Class and Kinetics of Weakly Reactive Pretransplant Donor-specific HLA Antibodies Predict Rejection in Kidney Transplant Recipients
Authors: Morrison Alexander H. , Gupta Meera , Lloyd Kelsey , Trofe-Clark Jennifer , Ann Lim Mary , Limonte Christine , Levine Matthew H. , Sawinski Deirdre , Kamoun Malek , Porrett Paige M. 
Published: July 2019

Background.
The clinical impact of weakly reactive pretransplant donor-specific antibody (DSA) in kidney transplantation is controversial. While some evidence suggests that weakly reactive DSA can lead to rejection, it is unclear which patients are at risk for rejection and whether posttransplant changes in weakly reactive DSA are clinically meaningful.

Methods.
We retrospectively studied 80 kidney transplant recipients with weakly reactive pretransplant DSA between 2007 and 2014. We performed a multivariate Cox regression analysis to identify immunologic factors most associated with risk of biopsy-proven rejection.

Results.
Biopsy-proven rejection occurred in 13 of 80 (16%) patients. The presence of both class I and II DSA before transplant (hazards ratio 17.4, P < 0.01) and any posttransplant increase in DSA reactivity above a mean fluorescence intensity of 3000 (hazards ratio 7.8, P < 0.01) were each significantly associated with an increased risk of rejection, which primarily occurred within the first 18 months.

Conclusions.
Pretransplant DSA class and DSA kinetics after transplantation are useful prognostic indicators in patients with weak DSA reactivity. These results identify a small, high-risk patient group that warrants aggressive posttransplant DSA monitoring and may benefit from alternative donor selection.
Using social network analysis of mixed-species groups in African savannah herbivores to assess how community structure responds to environmental change
Authors: Meise Kristine , Franks Daniel W. , Bro-Jørgensen Jakob 
Published: July 2019

The dynamics of wildlife populations often depend heavily on interspecific interactions and understanding the underlying principles can be an important step in designing conservation strategies. Behavioural ecological studies can here provide useful insights into the structure and function of communities and their likely response to environmental changes. In this study of the Masai Mara herbivore community, we use a social network approach to investigate social affinities between species and how these change over the year in response to seasonal changes in ecological conditions. We find that even though social networks were correlated across different ecological conditions, for half the species dyads in the community, the strength of social affinities responded to changes in rainfall and/or the presence of migratory wildebeest. Several species consequentially adopted more or less central positions in the network depending on the ecological conditions. The findings point out interspecific social links that are likely to be attenuated or strengthened as a consequence of human-induced environmental changes and therefore call for particular attention from conservation managers. The eco-evolutionary ramifications of the perturbations of social affinities still require further study.This article is part of the theme issue ‘Linking behaviour to dynamics of populations and communities: application of novel approaches in behavioural ecology to conservation’.
Towards a predictive conservation biology: the devil is in the behaviour
Authors: Sæther Bernt-Erik , Engen Steinar 
Published: July 2019

One of the most important challenges in conservation biology is to predict the viability of populations of vulnerable and threatened species. This requires that the demographic stochasticity strongly affecting the ecological and evolutionary dynamics of especially small populations is correctly estimated and modelled. Here, we summarize theoretical evidence showing that the demographic variance in population dynamics is a key parameter determining the probability of extinction and also is directly linked to the magnitude of the genetic drift in the population. The demographic variance is dependent on the mating system, being larger in a polygynous than in monogamous populations. Understanding factors affecting intersexual differences in mating success is therefore essential in explaining variation in the demographic variance. We hypothesize that the strength of sexual selection, for example, quantified by the Bateman gradient, may be a useful predictor of the magnitude of the demographic stochasticity and hence the genetic drift in the population. We provide results from a field study of moose that support this claim. Thus, including central principles from behavioural ecology may increase the reliability of population viability analyses through an improvement of our understanding of factors affecting stochastic influences on population dynamics and evolutionary processes.This article is part of the theme issue ‘Linking behaviour to dynamics of populations and communities: application of novel approaches in behavioural ecology to conservation’.
Molecular and genetic regulation of pig pancreatic islet cell development
Authors: Kim Seokho , Whitener Robert L. , Peiris Heshan , Gu Xueying , Chang Charles A. , Lam Jonathan Y. , Camunas-Soler Joan , Park Insung , Bevacqua Romina J. , Tellez Krissie , Quake Stephen R. , Lakey Jonathan R. T. , Bottino Rita , Ross Pablo J. , Kim Seung K. 
Published: July 2019

AbstractReliance on rodents for understanding pancreatic genetics, development and islet function could limit progress in developing interventions for human diseases like diabetes mellitus. Similarities of pancreas morphology and function suggest that porcine and human pancreas developmental biology may have useful homologies. However, little is known about pig pancreas development. To fill this knowledge gap, we investigated fetal and neonatal pig pancreas at multiple, crucial developmental stages using modern experimental approaches. Purification of islet β-, α- and δ-cells followed by transcriptome analysis (RNA-Seq) and immunohistology identified cell- and stage-specific regulation, and revealed that pig and human islet cells share characteristic features not observed in mice. Morphometric analysis also revealed endocrine cell allocation and architectural similarities between pig and human islets. Our analysis unveiled scores of signaling pathways linked to native islet β-cell functional maturation, including evidence of fetal α-cell GLP-1 production and signaling to β-cells. Thus, the findings and resources detailed here show how pig pancreatic islet studies complement other systems for understanding the developmental programs that generate functional islet cells, and that are relevant to human pancreatic diseases.Summary StatementThis study reveals transcriptional, signaling and cellular programs governing pig pancreatic islet development, including striking similarities to human islet ontogeny, providing a novel resource for advancing human islet replacement strategies.
Phase variation inMycobacterium tuberculosis glpKproduces transiently heritable drug tolerance
Authors: Safi Hassan , Gopal Pooja , Lingaraju Subramanya , Ma Shuyi , Levine Carly , Dartois Veronique , Yee Michelle , Li Liping , Blanc Landry , Liang Hsin-Pin Ho , Husain Seema , Hoque Mainul , Soteropoulos Patricia , Rustad Tige , Sherman David R. , Dick Thomas , Alland David 
Published: July 2019

AbstractThe length and complexity of tuberculosis (TB) therapy, as well as the propensity ofMycobacterium tuberculosisto develop drug resistance, are major barriers to global TB control efforts.M. tuberculosisis known to have the ability to enter into a drug-tolerant state, which may explain many of these impediments to TB treatment. We have identified a novel mechanism of genetically encoded but rapidly reversible drug-tolerance inM. tuberculosiscaused by transient frameshift mutations in a homopolymeric tract (HT) of seven cytosines (7C) in theglpKgene. Inactivating frameshift mutations associated with the 7C HT inglpKproduce small colonies that exhibit heritable multi-drug increases in minimal inhibitory concentrations and decreases in drug-dependent killing; however, reversion back to a fully drug-susceptible large-colony phenotype occurs rapidly through the introduction of additional insertions or deletions in the sameglpKHT region. These reversible frameshift mutations in the 7C HT ofM. tuberculosis glpKoccur in clinical isolates, accumulate inM. tuberculosisinfected mice with further accumulation during drug treatment, and exhibit a reversible transcriptional profile including induction ofdosRandsigHand repression ofkstRregulons, similar to that observed in otherin vitromodels ofM. tuberculosistolerance. These results suggest that GlpK phase variation may contribute to drug-tolerance, treatment failure and relapse in human TB. Drugs effective against phase-variantM. tuberculosismay hasten TB treatment and improve cure rates.SIGNIFICANCEThe ability ofM. tuberculosisto survive during prolonged treatment has been attributed to either transient stress responses or fixed heritable drug-resistance producing mutations. We show that phase-variation in theM. tuberculosis glpKgene represents a third type of resistance mechanism. The ability of theseglpKmutants to grow slowly and then rapidly revert suggests that these transiently-heritable changes may also explain how a hidden population of drug-tolerant bacteria develops during TB treatment. As a genetically trackable cause of drug-tolerance,M. tuberculosis glpKmutants provides a unique opportunity to study these phenomena at a cellular and mechanistic level. These mutants could also be used for developing drugs that target tolerant populations, leading to more rapid and effective TB treatments.
fMRI reveals language-specific predictive coding during naturalistic sentence comprehension
Authors: Shain Cory , Blank Idan Asher , van Schijndel Marten , Schuler William , Fedorenko Evelina 
Published: July 2019

AbstractMuch research in cognitive neuroscience supports prediction as a canonical computation of cognition across domains. Is such predictive coding implemented by feedback from higher-order domain-general circuits, or is it locally implemented in domain-specific circuits? What information sources are used to generate these predictions? This study addresses these two questions in the context of language processing. We present fMRI evidence from a naturalistic comprehension paradigm (1) that predictive coding in the brain’s response to language is domain-specific, and (2) that these predictions are sensitive both to local word co-occurrence patterns and to hierarchical structure. Using a recently developed continuous-time deconvolutional regression technique that supports data-driven hemodynamic response function discovery from continuous BOLD signal fluctuations in response to naturalistic stimuli, we found effects of prediction measures in the language network but not in the domain-general multiple-demand network, which supports executive control processes and has been previously implicated in language comprehension. Moreover, within the language network, surface-level and structural prediction effects were separable. The predictability effects in the language network were substantial, with the model capturing over 37% of explainable variance on held-out data. These findings indicate that human sentence processing mechanisms generate predictions about upcoming words using cognitive processes that are sensitive to hierarchical structure and specialized for language processing, rather than via feedback from high-level executive control mechanisms.
Willingness to participate and pay for index-based crop insurance in Ghana
Authors: Adjabui Joseph A. , Tozer Peter R. , Gray David I. 
Published: July 2019

Purpose
The purpose of this paper is to assess farmers’ willingness to participate and pay for weather-based index insurance in the Upper East Region of Ghana, and what factors influence the participation and purchase of crop insurance schemes.

Design/methodology/approach
A survey of 200 farmers in the region was carried out in 2018 to measure demographic information, farm characteristics, risks and risk-management practices and attitudes to crop insurance programs. The survey also captured maximum willingness to pay (WTP) for crop insurance. The double-bounded contingent valuation technique was used to estimate the WTP for crop insurance and the variables that affected WTP.

Findings
Farmers, in general, had an indifferent attitude to crop insurance in the region, but were willing to participate in the crop insurance programme, and were willing to pay between 7.5 and 12.5 per cent of the cost of growing maize as a premium for crop insurance. Demographic and economic variables did not impact WTP, but attitude towards crop insurance, farm diversification and frequency of drought negatively impacted on the WTP for crop insurance.

Practical implications
Education programs could be undertaken to improve the attitude and understanding towards crop insurance, as some farmers perceived the programme as not trustworthy, and others did not truly understand the operation of the programme.

Social implications
Drought can have a significant impact on household welfare, particularly in food insecure countries or regions. Crop insurance can provide a method of securing income for farmers allowing them to purchase food rather than other choices, such as removing children from education to reduce household expenses, improving the long-term welfare of the farm household.

Originality/value
This paper considers willingness to participate and WTP for a crop insurance programme in Ghana, it is one of a small number of papers that consider attitude to, and willingness to participate and WTP for crop insurance in developing countries. The value of the research is the expanded understanding of farmer attitude to crop insurance and their lack of knowledge of crop insurance operations.
The impact of monetary rewards for online reviews
Authors: Duan Yongrui , Chen Chen , Huo Jiazhen 
Published: July 2019

Purpose
To encourage buyers to contribute product reviews, some online sellers offer monetary rewards. The purpose of this paper is to investigate the impact of monetary rewards on buyers’ purchase decisions and review contributions, as well as the impact on the seller’s price decisions and profit.

Design/methodology/approach
The authors consider an online seller in a two-stage setting. Prior to Stage 1, the profit-maximizing seller sets the price and decides whether to offer a monetary reward secretly to motivate online reviews. Then, a continuum of buyers arrives and makes purchase decisions at the beginning of each stage. First-stage buyers may contribute reviews if they are satisfied, which will affect demand in the second stage. Using this analytical framework, the authors analyze the impact of monetary rewards.

Findings
If the monetary reward is small, it decreases the seller’s profit and fails to generate more reviews. It also increases price, leading to a decline in total demand. Thus, when the reward is lower than a certain threshold, all buyers are worse off. Only when the reward exceeds the threshold are buyers who contribute reviews better off. Profit and total demand both increase in review quality, while the price may either increase or decrease in it.

Originality/value
To the best of the authors’ knowledge, this paper is the first to analyze theoretically the impact of monetary rewards on buyers’ purchase decisions, review contributions and on online sellers’ decisions.
Work–home conflict, antecedents and outcomes: a life-stage perspective among working parents
Authors: Kulik Liat 
Published: July 2019

PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to examine differences in work interferes with family (WIF) and family interferes with work (FIW) conflicts, their antecedents and their outcomes throughout the parenting life cycle. The following parenting stages were compared: parenthood to preschool-age children, parenthood to school-age children, parenthood to adolescents, parenthood to offspring at the launching stage and parenthood to offspring at the empty-nest stage.Design/methodology/approachThe sample included 549 working parents in Israel (270 fathers and 279 mothers). The criterion for inclusion was fulfilling the dual roles of parent and paid worker. The research questionnaires were distributed in workplaces in diverse organizations: high-tech companies, government ministries, factories and business organizations.FindingsLevels of WIF and FIW conflicts are highest during the early parenthood stages. Overload peaks during parenthood to adolescents and during the empty-nest stage. The later stages in the parenting life cycle (the launching and empty-nest stages) benefit parents: WIF and FIW conflicts are relatively low, mental well-being is relatively high and the number of roles that parents perform is higher than in earlier stages. Along the entire parenting life cycle, fathers experience higher levels of WIF conflict than mothers, but no gender differences were found in FIW conflict.Practical implicationsPublic policy should encourage employers to develop a family-friendly approach and consider the needs of both parents, based on the understanding that in addition to being breadwinners, fathers and mothers today both participate in housework and in raising children.Originality/valueFrom a theoretical perspective, the research conclusions may provide understandings for how to integrate the parental stage as a key variable in theorizing about the experience of stressors in the work–home interface.
Accuracy analysis of different higher-order Laplacian models of incompressible SPH method
Authors: Heydari Zohreh , Shobeyri Gholamreza , Ghoreishi Najafabadi Seyed Hossein 
Published: July 2019

Purpose
This paper aims to examine the accuracy of several higher-order incompressible smoothed particle hydrodynamics (ISPH) Laplacian models and compared with the classic model (Shao and Lo, 2003).

Design/methodology/approach
The numerical errors in solving two-dimensional elliptic partial differential equations using the Laplacian models are investigated for regular and highly irregular node distributions over a unit square computational domain.

Findings
The numerical results show that one of the Laplacian models, which is newly developed by one of the authors (Shobeyri, 2019) can get the smallest errors for various used node distributions.

Originality/value
The newly proposed model is formulated by the hybrid of the standard ISPH Laplacian model combined with Taylor expansion and moving least squares method. The superiority of the proposed model is significant when multi-resolution irregular node distributions commonly seen in adaptive refinement strategies used to save computational cost are applied.
A direct topological reanalysis algorithm based on updating matrix triangular factorization
Authors: Yang Ren , Song Qi , Chen Pu 
Published: July 2019

Purpose
The purpose of this paper is to establish and implement a direct topological reanalysis algorithm for general successive structural modifications, based on the updating matrix triangular factorization (UMTF) method for non-topological modification proposed by Song et al. [Computers and Structures, 143(2014):60-72].

Design/methodology/approach
In this method, topological modifications are viewed as a union of symbolic and numerical change of structural matrices. The numerical part is dealt with UMTF by directly updating the matrix triangular factors. For symbolic change, an integral structure which consists of all potential nodes/elements is introduced to avoid side effects on the efficiency during successive modifications. Necessary pre- and post processing are also developed for memory-economic matrix manipulation.

Findings
The new reanalysis algorithm is applicable to successive general structural modifications for arbitrary modification amplitudes and locations. It explicitly updates the factor matrices of the modified structure and thus guarantees the accuracy as full direct analysis while greatly enhancing the efficiency.

Practical implications
Examples including evolutionary structural optimization and sequential construction analysis show the capability and efficiency of the algorithm.

Originality/value
This innovative paper makes direct topological reanalysis be applicable for successive structural modifications in many different areas.