bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Adsorption removal of Cr(VI) by isomeric FeOOH
Authors: Zhang Di , Liu Jiaxin , Zhu Shibei , Xiong Huixin , Xu Yiqun 
Published: August 2019

Abstract
The aim of this work is to study the performances of isomeric α-, β-, and γ-FeOOH (goethite, akaganéite and lepidocrocite, including five samples named as Gth1 and Gth2, Aka1 and Aka2, and Lep, respectively) for removing hexavalent chromium (Cr(VI)) from aqueous solutions. The adsorption mechanisms were explored by kinetic and isothermal experiments. Adsorption efficiencies under the different pH values, anions, and the levels of adsorbate and adsorbent were also measured. Results showed that the Cr(VI) adsorption by isomeric FeOOH could be best described by pseudo-second-order kinetic model. The processes of Cr(VI) isothermal adsorption could be greatly fitted by the Langmuir and Freundlich equations with the high correlation coefficients of R2 (&gt;0.92). Also, there were the optimum pH values of 3.0–8.0 for FeOOH to adsorb Cr(VI), and their adsorption capacities were tightly related with the active sites of adsorbents. Cr(VI) adsorptions by these adsorbents were easily influenced by H2PO4–, and then SO42–, while there were little effects by Cl–, CO32– and NO3–. These obtained results could provide a potentially theoretical evidence for isomeric FeOOH materials applied in the engineering treatment of the polluted chromate-rich waters.
Experimental flow characterization in a spiral vortex drop shaft
Authors: Fernandes João , Jónatas Ricardo 
Published: August 2019

Abstract
Connecting storm-sewers located at rather different elevations may be made with vortex drop shafts in which the energy dissipation is made by the friction between the vertical shaft and the flow and downstream by the impinging jet in a dissipation chamber. Following the first model design in the 1940s, different types of vortex drop shafts have been developed. One of the most used type is the so-called spiral vortex drop shaft developed to work in supercritical flow with good performance in both energy dissipation and space constrains. In this paper, an experimental flow characterization in a spiral vortex drop shaft is conducted covering the three main components of these structures, namely the inlet channel, the vertical shaft and the dissipation chamber. The results include measurement of water depths, pressure and velocity.
Changes in Vegetation on Mount Agung Volcano Bali Indonesia
Authors: Sutomo Sutomo , Wahab Luthfi 
Published: August 2019

Volcanic activity is a major natural disturbance that can catastrophically change an ecosystem over a short time scale. The eruption of Mt. Agung strato-volcano in 1963-1964 was considered among the most important volcanic event of the 20th century due to its effect on global climate. Studies on vegetation and landscape of Mt. Agung post-1970-1980 has been scarce. The current eruption of Mount Agung in June-July 2018, brought awareness of the importance urge to document the past and current landscape along with vegetation on Mt. Agung. Our study aimed to utilize remote sensing technique to explore the pattern of current (2017) land cover and vegetation density on Mt. Agung and estimate of vegetated areas and whether it has changed from the past. LANDSAT 8 images (www.earthexplorer.usgs.gov/) were used in this study. Supervised classification in ENVI was employed to obtain land use or land cover of the Mt. Agung area. Normalized Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI) was also calculated using the feature in the ARC GIS. Online web-based application, REMAP was used to obtain information on past and present condition of the crater of Mt. Agung to see whether there have been changes in vegetated areas around the crater using REMAP (www.remap-app.org). Results showed there are basically five main landcover that can be recognized namely forest (20758.23 ha), settlement (4058.37 ha), water area (41606.64 ha), open area (15335.64 ha) and farming (34554.78 ha). Our NDVI analysis also resulted in areas with have high density (78836.04 ha), medium density (15490.26 ha) and also no vegetation (31008.24 ha). Using web-based GIS application REMAP, we found that there has been an increase (approximately 1 km2) in vegetation cover from the 1980s to 2016. The changes in vegetation near the crater of Mt. Agung is relatively slow when compared to another volcano such as Mt. Merapi. Remote sensing application has enabled us to obtain information on vegetation change relatively easily compared to conduct an extensive on-ground survey where more time and funding is needed.
Factors shaping the development of rural settlement
Authors: Gorbenkova Elena V. 
Published: August 2019

Introduction: a spatial development reference skeleton model is proposed for solving problems of settlement development. The model is necessary for improving rural settlement planning, renovation and reforming. Constituents of the territorial settlement reference skeleton were considered. The research aims at the practical approval of a rural settlement skeleton integrated assessment.
Materials and methods: open cartographic sources, territorial planning documents, information from the National Statistical Committee of the Republic of Belarus were studied. The methodological basis of the research consists of such general scientific methods as a system approach and comparative analysis method as well as a particular interdisciplinary method of cartographic simulation using geographic information systems.
Results: features of Mahilyow region reference skeleton were revealed. The reference skeleton includes the historical and cultural, natural and ecological, transport and communication, and settling constituents. The necessary and sufficient criteria for obtaining the integrated assessment of rural settlement reference skeleton are substantiated. That allows determining the strategic directions of sustainable territorial development. Based on the integrated assessment, the cartogram of the settlement potential of Mahilyow region of the Republic of Belarus was compiled. Generalization of the obtained results allows formulating some recommendations for town planning to determine the strategic lines of Mahilyow region sustainable development subject to the rural settlement prospects.
Conclusions: the research shows that the application of system approach and a cartographic modelling of the territorial settlement reference skeleton is a useful tool for assessing the rural settlement skeleton. Further research is conceived in the development of prospective models of settling, natural and ecological, historical and cultural, transport and communication skeletons.
Acknowledgement. The research was supported by RAACS under the fundamental research plan of the Ministry of Construction, Housing and Utilities of the Russian Federation (2018).
Optimal structures design: accounting of costs and relative accidents risk
Authors: Tamrazyan Ashot G. , Alekseytsev Anatoly V. 
Published: August 2019

Introduction: the article considers the formulation and solution of the problem of optimizing structures. It takes into account the ratio of the cost of manufacturing the object and the risks of material losses in emergencies related to the rapid removal of supports. The choice of the local damage scenario is justified. The assessment of risks arising from emergencies is a significant problem. The solution to it can primarily increase the safety of load-bearing building structures.
Materials and methods: the two-step computational procedure is used, which includes an evolutionary search on discrete sets of design parameters and the calculation of the emergencies risks at different periods of the carrier system life cycle. At the first stage, a variant of the object is synthesized using a genetic algorithm. In this case, the evaluation of its stress-strain state is carried out taking into account the dynamic effects arising from possible local damage to the supports. The second stage consists of the calculation of the integral value of the relative risk of material losses in an emergency. It includes the failures related to both the statistical nature of the loads and the mechanical characteristics of materials, as well as the onset of various scenarios of local damage.
Results: the technique for selecting a cost-effective rational design-based solution for beam structures with a higher level of responsibility has been developed. The considered example of the optimal design of a steel beam construction has illustrated the efficiency of the proposed approach.
Conclusions: the research results showed that it is unacceptable to carry out the optimization of the design solution, considering only the minimum cost of structures in buildings of a higher level of responsibility. The most rational design decision on the criterion of minimizing costs and risks is the object that ensures the persistence of the structure during the emergency removal of only one support. The considered technique is recommended to using in computer-aided design of load-bearing structures.
Investigation of the stress-deformation state of a bolt-joint assembly of cold-bent thin-walled profiles
Authors: Kuznetsov Ivan L. , Salakhutdinov Marat A. , Gainetdinov Rishat G. 
Published: August 2019

Introduction: cold-bent profiles with a segment of the concave flat wall are used for manufacturing trusses. In these trusses, the connection between the chords and the webbing is made using gusset plates attached with bolts. Due to the shape of these profiles, the bolts can only be installed in two outer rows. While the profile wall at the place of flat concavity cannot be tightly connected with the gusset plate, so the actual work of such joints is to be studied. The aim of the study is numerical and experimental research of the stress-deformation state of the attachment of a cold-bent thin-walled profile with a segment of the concave flat wall using two rows of bolts.
Materials and methods: paired cold-bent profiles with a segment of the concave flat wall connected utilizing bolted gusset plate were used for full-scale tests. Computer simulation and calculation were performed using the SolidWorks software. An examination of the assembly with two rows of bolts was carried out.
Results: calculations and full-scale tests of the bolted assembly showed the variation of the forces in the bolts and profiles. It is suggested to eliminate the gap between the walls of cold-bent profiles and gusset plates that allows installing an increased number of bolt rows and reducing stresses in the thin-walled profile of the joint.
Conclusions: the results of the study showed that the installation of only two rows of bolts in the joint of thin-walled profiles with a segment of the concave flat wall worsens their stress-deformation state. When filling the concave segment of the wall with sheet steel pieces, it is possible to increase the number of bolt rows and reduce the number of the bolts, increasing the bearing capacity of the cold-bent thin-walled profile and the joint as a whole.
Perception of Esthetic Orthodontic Appliances: An Eye Tracking and Cross-sectional study
Authors: Försch Moritz , Krull Lena , Hechtner Marlene , Rahimi Roman , Wriedt Susanne , Wehrbein Heiner , Jacobs Cornelius , Jacobs Collin 
Published: August 2019

ABSTRACT

Objective
To evaluate the perception of esthetic orthodontic appliances by means of eye-tracking measurements and survey investigation.

Materials and Methods
En face and close-up images with different orthodontic appliances (aligner appliance [a], aligner appliance and attachments [b], lingual appliance [c], ceramic brackets [d], no appliance [e; control]) were shown to 140 participants. Eye movement and gaze direction was recorded by eye-tracking system. For different anatomical areas and areas of the appliances, time to first fixation and total fixation time were recorded. The questions included in a visual analog scale regarding individual sentiency were answered by the participants.

Results
For all groups, the anatomical landmarks were inspected in the following order: (1) eyes, (2) mouth, (3) nose, (4) hair, and (5) ears. Only in group d, first fixation was on the mouth region (1.10 ± 1.05 seconds). All appliances except the lingual appliance (1.87 ± 1.31 seconds) resulted in a longer fixation on the mouth area (a, 2.97 ± 1.32 seconds; b, 3.35 ± 1.38 seconds; d, 3.29 ± 1.36 seconds). For close-up pictures, the fastest (0.58 seconds) and longest (3.14 seconds) fixation was found for group d, followed by group b (1.02 seconds/2.3 seconds), group a (2.57 seconds/0.83 seconds), and group c (3.28 seconds/0.05 seconds). Visual analog scale scoring of questions on visibility were consistent with eye-tracking measurements. With increasing visibility, the feeling of esthetic impairment was considered higher.

Conclusions
Lingual orthodontic appliances do not change how the face is perceived. Other esthetic orthodontic appliances may change the pattern of facial inspection and are different in subjective perception.
Isogeometric Analysis for Tire Simulation at Steady-State Rolling
Authors: Garcia Mario A. , Kaliske Michael 
Published: August 2019

ABSTRACTThe use of isogeometric analysis (IGA) in industrial applications has increased in the past years. One of the main advantages is the combination of finite element analysis (FEA) with the capability of representing the exact geometry by means of non-uniform rational B-splines (NURBS). This framework has proven to be an efficient alternative to standard FEA in solid mechanics and fluid dynamics, in cases in which sensitivity to geometry is found. The numerical simulation of rolling tires requires a proper discretization for the curved boundaries and complex cross sections, which often leads to the use of higher-order or cylindrical elements. As remeshing operations are numerically costly in tire models, IGA stands as an attractive alternative for the modeling of rolling tires.In this contribution, an arbitrary Lagrangian Eulerian formulation is implemented into IGA to provide the basic tools for the numerical analysis of rolling bodies at steady-state conditions. The solid basis of the formulation allows the employment of standard material models, but tire constructive elements, such as reinforcing layers, require special attention. Streamlines are constructed based on the locations of the integration points, and therefore, linear and nonlinear viscoelastic models can be implemented. Numerical examples highlight the advantage of the new approach of requiring fewer degrees of freedom for an accurate description of the geometry.
Formulasi dan Evaluasi Sediaan Anti Aging dari Ekstrak Tumbuhan
Authors: Rahmadiani Nadia Fauziah , Nur Hasanah Aliya 
Published: August 2019

Tumbuh-tumbuhan yang berasal dari Indonesia memiliki banyak potensi sebagai bahan dasar produk kosmetika seperti produk antiaging. Sediaan antiaging adalah produk yang bermanfaat untuk menghambat proses kerusakan akibat bertambahnya usia pada kulit. Pengembangan dari formula berbagai sediaan anti aging yang berasal dari ekstrak tumbuhan telah banyak dilakukan, setiap formula pada jenis sediaan yang berbeda dievaluasi untuk mendapat formula terbaik yang memiliki karakteristik yang paling stabil dalam waktu penyimpanan tertentu. Oleh karena itu, pada review artikel ini, berbagai formulasi dan evaluasi pada sediaan krim, gel dan masker peel off antiaging dari ekstrak tumbuhan dikaji lebih lanjut untuk mendapatkan formula paling stabil dengan menggunakan 9 jurnal untuk membandingkan hasil formulasi dan evaluasi dan 27 pustaka sebagai kajian teori. Hasil review menunjukan formula terbaik adalah formula krim yang menggunakan tween 80 dan span 80 dengan konsentrasi 5,11gr dan 0,25gr, formula masker peel off yang mengandung PVA 12% dan HPMC 2% dan formula gel yang menggunakan Na CMC 2% . Kata Kunci : Antiaging, Masker peel-off, krim, gel
PENERAPAN COGNIIVE RESTRUCTRING FORM(CRF) DAN DEEP BREATHING PADA REMAJA DENGAN LOW SELF ESTEEM
Authors: Arsyila Nabila Nur , Santoso Meilanny Budiarti 
Published: August 2019

Remaja merupakan suatu masa transisi perkembangan antara masa kanak-kanak dan dewasa. Dan pada tahap ini remaja harus menjalankan tugasnya, Apabila tugas pekembangan sosial ini dapat dilakukan dengan baik, remaja tidak akan mengalami kesulitan dalam kehidupan sosialnya serta akan membawa kebahagiaan dan kesuksesan dalam menuntaskan tugas perkembangan untuk fase-fase berikutnya. Sebaliknya, jika remaja gagal menjalankan tugas-tugas perkembangannya akan membawa akibat negatif dalam kehidupan sosial fase-fase berikutnya, menyebabkan ketidakbahagiaan pada remaja yang bersangkutan, menimbulkan penolakan masyarakat, dan kesulitan-kesulitan dalam menuntaskan tugas-tugas perkembangan berikutnya. Tetapi pada masa ini mereka sangat rentan untuk di pengaruhi oeh lingkungan sekitarnya sehingga seringkali mereka terjerumus pada perilaku negatif. sulit untuk Maka dari itu pada tahap ini remaja harus di arahkan pada kegiatan dan pikiran pikiran yang positif. Dalam kasus yang akan di tangani dalam praktikum ini merupakan remaja yang berhadapan dengan hukum tetapi memiliki kepercayaan diri yang kurang, maka dari itu klien di berikan treatment Cognitive Restructring Form (CRF) dan. Deep Breathing. Teenage is a transitional period of development between childhood and adulthood. And at this stage adolescents must carry out their duties, If the task of social development can be done well, adolescents will not experience difficulties in their social life and will bring happiness and success in completing developmental tasks for the next phases. Conversely, if adolescents fail to carry out the tasks of development will bring negative consequences in the social life of the next phases, causing unhappiness in the teenager concerned, causing public rejection, and difficulties in completing the tasks of the next development. But at this time they are very vulnerable to be influenced by the surrounding environment so often they fall into negative behavior. difficult for this reason, at this stage teenagers must be directed at activities and positive thoughts. In the case to be handled in this practicum there are teenagers who are dealing with the law but have less self-confidence, therefore the client is given a Cognitive Restructring Form (CRF) and treatment. Deep Breathing.
POLA ASUH ORANGTUA DAN KONSEP DIRI ANAK DIDIK LPKA BANDUNG
Authors: Lumbantoruan Romayana Sari , Raharjo Santoso Tri 
Published: August 2019

Penelitian ini dilakukan untuk mengetahui, bagaimana pengaruh pola asuh orangtua dalam pembentukan konsep diri, serta rasa bersalah yang dimiliki oleh anak didik pelaku pembunuhan di Lembaga Pemasyarakatan Khusus Anak (LPKA) kelas II A, Bandung. Subyek penelitian ini sendiri adalah seorang anak didik pelaku pembunuhan yang berumur 16 tahun. Data penelitian yang diperoleh dari wawancara dan observasi. Melalui penelitian ini juga memberikan informasi, seberapa besar peranan orangtua atas masalah yang timpa oleh anaknya, serta bagaimana respon anak atas perilaku yang telah klien perbuat. Dari penelitian yang di lakukan, memberikan hasil bahwa peran orangtua sangat berpengaruh terhadap konsep diri anak, serta rasa bersalah yang dimiliki. Melaui penelitian ini, subyek menyatakan tidak bersalah atas apa yang telah klien perbuat, hal ini juga dipengaruhi oleh lingkungan sosialnya, yang tidak lain adalah orangtuanya. Sehingga subjek cenderung berperilaku tidak aktif terhadap kegiatan yang diadakan oleh pihak LPKA, sukar bergaul dengan teman-teman yang berada di LPKA, mudah tersinggung, dan bersikap tidak peduli terhadap lingkungan sekitarnya. This research was conducted to find out, how the influence of parenting in the formation of self-concept, as well as the guilt that is owned by ANDIK of perpetrators of murder in Special Correctional Institutions of Children (LPKA) class II A, Bandung. The subject of this study was a 16-year-old student of murder. Research data obtained from interviews and observations. Through this research also provides information, how big the role of parents on the problems that befall the child, and how the child responds to the behavior he has done. From the research that was done, the results showed that the role of parents greatly influences the child's self-concept, as well as the guilt they have. Through this study, the subject stated his innocence for what he had done, this was also influenced by his social environment, which was none other than his parents. That's make the subject tends to behave inactively towards the activities held by the LPKA, it is difficult to get along with friends who are in LPKA, easily offended, and do not care about the surrounding environment.
Sinthesis on Theories of Quality Management with Application in Wiring Industry
Authors: Havadtöi Cristina , Moldovan Liviu 
Published: August 2019

Abstract
Quality management in the electrical wiring industry is a complex issue. The paper presents a brief literature review in complex terms related to the quality management, the methods which can be used towards continuous improvement, first as quality management in its whole concept, than as quality management in the wiring industry. The base in quality in wiring industry are the test in the Laboratory and verifications in the production line. Finally, is focusing on the electrical resistance which on several tests was to high exceeding the maximum value. Due to this, a corrective action must be implemented.
Relaxation time spectra of basaltic lavas between 500–1150 °C reveal patterns of Kramers–Kronig inconsistency of the complex viscoelastic shear modulus
Authors: Bednárik Martin , Kohút Igor 
Published: August 2019

Abstract
An important, yet until now neglected, aspect of the viscoelastic behaviour of lavas is the Kramers–Kronig consistency of their complex viscoelastic shear modulus. The most general linear viscoelastic model – the generalized Maxwell body with continuous relaxation time spectrum – produces a consistent storage and loss modulus, as can be verified by Kramers–Kronig formulae. We reprocessed the original datasets of the high-precision laboratory data by James et al. (2004) supplied as pairs of magnitude of the complex viscoelastic shear modulus and the loss angle. We introduce the magnitude-borne and loss-angle-borne logarithmic relaxation time spectra and their ratio as a suitable indicator of the linear viscoelastic inconsistency. The basaltic lavas from Etna, Hawai’i and Vesuvius have shown a general convergence to the ideal consistency with increasing temperature, although each sample with an individual inconsistency pattern. The biggest surprise is the inconsistency ratio rising to ~20 in Etna 1992 top sample at 786 °C. Such a high inconsistency level still waits for an explanation and for the discoveries of its class-mates either in laboratory or field experiments.
Marquardt inverse modeling of the residual gravity anomalies due to simple geometric structures: A case study of chromite deposit
Authors: Eshaghzadeh Ata , Dehghanpour Alireza , Seyedi Sahebari Sanaz 
Published: August 2019

Abstract
In this paper, an inversion method based on the Marquardt’s algorithm is presented to invert the gravity anomaly of the simple geometric shapes. The inversion outputs are the depth and radius parameters. We investigate three different shapes, i.e. the sphere, infinite horizontal cylinder and semi-infinite vertical cylinder for modeling. The proposed method is used for analyzing the gravity anomalies from assumed models with different initial parameters in all cases as the synthetic data are without noise and also corrupted with noise to evaluate the ability of the procedure. We also employ this approach for modeling the gravity anomaly due to a chromite deposit mass, situated east of Sabzevar, Iran. The lowest error between the theoretical anomaly and computed anomaly from inverted parameters, determine the shape of the causative mass. The inversion using different initial models for the theoretical gravity and also for real gravity data yields approximately consistent solutions. According to the interpreted parameters, the best shape that can imagine for the gravity anomaly source is the vertical cylinder with a depth to top of 7.4 m and a radius of 11.7 m.