bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Analysis of a shark reveals ancient, Wnt-dependent, habenular asymmetries in vertebrates
Authors: Lanoizelet Maxence , Michel Léo , Lagadec Ronan , Mayeur Hélène , Guichard Lucile , Logeux Valentin , Séverac Dany , Martin Kyle , Klopp Christophe , Marcellini Sylvain , Castillo Héctor , Pollet Nicolas , Candal Eva , Debiais-Thibaud Mélanie , Boisvert Catherine , Billoud Bernard , Schubert Michael , Blader Patrick , Mazan Sylvie 
Published: November 2024

AbstractThe mode of evolution of left-right asymmetries in the vertebrate habenulae remains largely unknown. Using a transcriptomic approach, we show that in a cartilaginous fish, the catshark Scyliorhinus canicula, habenulae exhibit marked asymmetries, in both their medial and lateral components. Comparisons across vertebrates suggest that those identified in lateral habenulae reflect an ancestral gnathostome trait, partially conserved in lampreys, and independently lost in tetrapods and neopterygians. Asymmetry formation involves distinct mechanisms in the catshark lateral and medial habenulae. Medial habenulae are submitted to a marked, asymmetric temporal regulation of neurogenesis, undetectable in their lateral counterparts. Conversely, asymmetry formation in lateral habenulae results from asymmetric choices of neuronal identity in post-mitotic progenitors, a regulation dependent on the repression of Wnt signaling by Nodal on the left. Based on comparisons with the mouse and the zebrafish, we propose that habenular asymmetry formation involves a recurrent developmental logic across vertebrates, which relies on conserved, temporally regulated genetic programs sequentially shaping choices of neuronal identity on both sides and asymmetrically modified by Wnt activity.
Critical assessment of LC3/GABARAP ligands used for degrader development and ligandability of LC3/GABARAP binding pockets
Authors: Schwalm Martin P. , Dopfer Johannes , Kumar Adarsh , Greco Francesco A. , Bauer Nicolas , Löhr Frank , Heering Jan , Cano-Franco Sara , Lechner Severin , Hanke Thomas , Jaser Ivana , Morasch Viktoria , Lenz Christopher , Fearon Daren , Marples Peter G. , Tomlinson Charles W. E. , Brunello Lorene , Saxena Krishna , Adams Nathan B. P. , von Delft Frank , Müller Susanne , Stolz Alexandra , Proschak Ewgenij , Kuster Bernhard , Knapp Stefan , Rogov Vladimir V. 
Published: November 2024

AbstractRecent successes in developing small molecule degraders that act through the ubiquitin system have spurred efforts to extend this technology to other mechanisms, including the autophagosomal-lysosomal pathway. Therefore, reports of autophagosome tethering compounds (ATTECs) have received considerable attention from the drug development community. ATTECs are based on the recruitment of targets to LC3/GABARAP, a family of ubiquitin-like proteins that presumably bind to the autophagosome membrane and tether cargo-loaded autophagy receptors into the autophagosome. In this work, we rigorously tested the target engagement of the reported ATTECs to validate the existing LC3/GABARAP ligands. Surprisingly, we were unable to detect interaction with their designated target LC3 using a diversity of biophysical methods. Intrigued by the idea of developing ATTECs, we evaluated the ligandability of LC3/GABARAP by in silico docking and large-scale crystallographic fragment screening. Data based on approximately 1000 crystal structures revealed that most fragments bound to the HP2 but not to the HP1 pocket within the LIR docking site, suggesting a favorable ligandability of HP2. Through this study, we identified diverse validated LC3/GABARAP ligands and fragments as starting points for chemical probe and ATTEC development.
Modified FOLFOXIRI plus cetuximab versus bevacizumab in RAS wild-type metastatic colorectal cancer: a randomized phase II DEEPER trial
Authors: Shiozawa Manabu , Sunakawa Yu , Watanabe Takanori , Ota Hirofumi , Yasui Hisateru , Yabuno Taichi , Tei Mitsuyoshi , Kochi Mitsugu , Manaka Dai , Ohori Hisatsugu , Yamaguchi Tatsuro , Sagawa Tamotsu , Kotaka Masahito , Kubota Yutaro , Sekikawa Takashi , Nakamura Masato , Takeuchi Masahiro , Ichikawa Wataru , Fujii Masashi , Tsuji Akihito 
Published: November 2024

AbstractThe clinical significance of FOLFOXIRI (5-FU, leucovorin, oxaliplatin, and irinotecan) plus anti-EGFR monoclonal antibody using cetuximab for metastatic colorectal cancer (mCRC) remains controversial. We report results from a randomized phase 2 DEEPER trial (UMIN000018217, jRCTs061180022) to test the superiority of modified (m)-FOLFOXIRI plus weekly cetuximab over bevacizumab in patients with RAS wild-type (wt) mCRC. Primary endpoint was depth of response (DpR). Secondary endpoints included objective response rate (ORR), early tumor shrinkage (ETS) at week 8, progression-free survival (PFS), overall survival (OS), time to tumor growth (TTG), time to treatment failure (TTF), association between tumor shrinkage and prognosis, association between TTG and prognosis, R0 resection rate, and safety. In 359 enrolled patients with RAS wt mCRC, median DpR was significantly better in cetuximab (57.3% vs 46.0%, p = 0.0029); however, ORR, ETS, R0 resection rate, TTG, TTF, PFS and OS were similar between 2 treatments. There was a weak association between DpR and survival time in both treatments. The correlation between TTG and OS was slightly stronger in cetuximab. The post-hoc exploratory analysis showed that cetuximab produced greater PFS (15.3 vs 11.7 months; HR 0.68) and OS (53.6 vs 40.2 months; HR 0.54) in patients with left-sided and RAS/BRAF wt tumors. m-FOLFOXIRI plus cetuximab has clinical benefit for tumor shrinkage in RAS wt mCRC. The survival benefit for RAS/BRAF wt and left-sided mCRC needs further investigation.
Evaluating the association between the introduction of mandatory calorie labelling and energy consumed using observational data from the out-of-home food sector in England
Authors: Polden Megan , Jones Andrew , Essman Michael , Adams Jean , Bishop Tom R. P. , Burgoine Thomas , Sharp Stephen J. , White Martin , Smith Richard , Donohue Aisling , Witkam Rozemarijn , Putra I. Gusti Ngurah Edi , Brealey Jane , Robinson Eric 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
In April 2022, mandatory kilocalorie (kcal) labelling in the out-of-home food sector was introduced as a policy to reduce obesity in England. Here we examined whether the implementation of this policy was associated with a consumer behaviour change. Large out-of-home food sector outlets subject to kcal labelling legislation were visited pre- and post-implementation, and customer exit surveys were conducted with 6,578 customers from 330 outlets. Kcals purchased and consumed, knowledge of purchased kcals and reported noticing and use of kcal labelling were examined. The results suggested that the introduction of the mandatory kcal labelling policy in England was not associated with a significant decrease in self-reported kcals purchased (B = 11.31, P = 0.564, 95% confidence interval (CI) −27.15 to 49.77) or consumed (B = 18.51, P = 0.279, 95% CI −15.01 to 38 52.03). Post-implementation, participants underestimated the energy content of their purchased meal less (B = 61.21, P = 0.002, 95% CI 21.57 to 100.86) and were more likely to report noticing (odds ratio 2.25, P < 0.001, 95% CI 1.84 to 2.73) and using (odds ratio 2.15, P < 0.001, 95% CI 1.62 to 2.85) kcal labelling, which may have wider public health implications.
Neuroanatomy, episodic memory and inhibitory control of Persian-Kurdish simultaneous bilinguals
Authors: Golshani Samira , Kepinska Olga , Gholami Hamid , Golestani Narly 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
We assessed simultaneous bilinguals and monolinguals on inhibitory control and episodic memory, and assessed their grey matter volumes in brain regions known to be involved in language processing, executive control and memory. Bilinguals outperformed monolinguals on episodic memory, and performance on the memory and inhibition tasks were correlated, only in the bilingual group. This suggests that the bilingualism-related benefits on memory are related to individual differences in executive control. We found larger grey matter volumes in bilinguals in left pars opercularis and in bilateral SFG, caudate nuclei, and parasubiculum. Episodic memory performance was correlated with volumes of bilateral posterior hippocampi, again only in the bilinguals, again suggesting that bilingualism may be driving this effect. Finally, we found positive structural covariance between the volumes of the bilateral parasubiculum and that of important components of the executive control network. We provide a novel, mechanistic explanation accounting for observed behavioural advantage and brain structural differences: bilingualism may boost the prefrontal cortex-hippocampal neural circuitry commonly underlying both executive control and memory, via cascade and reverberant effects, leading to synergistic benefits in both cognitive domains. This new framework has important implications for protective effects on cognition and brain health in relation to second language learning.
Trends of temperature and total precipitable water, as well as the trend of surface pressure induced by CO2
Authors: Liu Quanhua , Grassotti Christopher , Zhou Yan , Lee Yong-Keun , Liu Shuyan , Yang John Xun 
Published: November 2024

AbstractTwo total precipitable water (TPW) monthly time series derived from hourly analyses and from 1:30 am and 1:30 pm (local time) analyses, respectively, from European Centre for Medium-Range Weather Forecasts Reanalysis model version 5 (ERA5) data are practically identical. The TPW is increasing as surface and lower tropospheric temperatures are warming. Surface pressure is rising as well because of increased mass from atmospheric carbon dioxide and TPW above the surface. The close similarity of trends using hourly and twice-daily analyses suggest that using well-calibrated observations from a single sun-synchronous polar orbiting satellite, such as Suomi-NPP Advanced Technology Microwave Sounder measurements, can be sufficient to characterize global trends in climate-sensitive surface temperatures and TPW.
Revisited guidelines for metabolic tolerance tests in mice
Authors: Moro Cedric , Magnan Christophe 
Published: November 2024

AbstractPreclinical mouse models are extensively used in biomedical research to gain insight into disease mechanisms and to test new drug treatments. Glucose and insulin tolerance tests are simple experimental tests frequently used worldwide to assess glucose metabolism in mice. Various guidelines and methodological considerations have been published to help researchers standardize procedures and optimize research outcomes. Yet, there is still important experimental heterogeneity in the way these simple procedures are performed, with no real consensus on what the best practices are to achieve high-quality research and reproducible results. Here we critically examine several published guidelines and recent technical reports on how to perform these metabolic tests in laboratory mice and discuss the influence of various confounding factors on test results. We hope this work will help scientists establish more consensual guidelines for maximizing the relevance and clinical translation of studies using mouse models in metabolic research.
Inceptor binds to and directs insulin towards lysosomal degradation in β cells
Authors: Siehler Johanna , Bilekova Sara , Chapouton Prisca , Dema Alessandro , Albanese Pascal , Tamara Sem , Jain Chirag , Sterr Michael , Enos Stephen J. , Chen Chunguang , Malhotra Chetna , Villalba Adrian , Schomann Leopold , Bhattacharya Sreya , Feng Jin , Akgün Canan Melis , Ribaudo Federico , Ansarullah  , Burtscher Ingo , Ahlbrecht Christin , Plettenburg Oliver , Kurth Thomas , Scharfmann Raphael , Speier Stephan , Scheltema Richard A. , Lickert Heiko 
Published: November 2024

AbstractBlunted first-phase insulin secretion and insulin deficiency are indicators of β cell dysfunction and diabetes manifestation. Therefore, insights into molecular mechanisms that regulate insulin homeostasis might provide entry sites to replenish insulin content and restore β cell function. Here, we identify the insulin inhibitory receptor (inceptor; encoded by the gene IIR/ELAPOR1) as an insulin-binding receptor that regulates insulin stores by lysosomal degradation. Using human induced pluripotent stem cell (SC)-derived islets, we show that IIR knockout (KO) results in enhanced SC β cell differentiation and survival. Strikingly, extended in vitro culture of IIR KO SC β cells leads to greatly increased insulin content and glucose-stimulated insulin secretion (GSIS). We find that inceptor localizes to clathrin-coated vesicles close to the plasma membrane and in the trans-Golgi network as well as in secretory granules, where it acts as a sorting receptor to direct proinsulin and insulin towards lysosomal degradation. Targeting inceptor using a monoclonal antibody increases proinsulin and insulin content and improves SC β cell GSIS. Altogether, our findings reveal the basic mechanisms of β cell insulin turnover and identify inceptor as an insulin degradation receptor.
Latent mechanisms of language disorganization relate to specific dimensions of psychopathology
Authors: Fradkin Isaac , Adams Rick A. , Siegelman Noam , Moran Rani , Dolan Raymond J. 
Published: November 2024

AbstractComprehensible communication is critical for social functioning and well-being. In psychopathology, incoherent discourse is assumed to reflect disorganized thinking, which is classically linked to psychotic disorders. However, people do not express everything that comes to mind, rendering inferences from discourse to the underlying structure of thought challenging. Indeed, a range of psychopathologies are linked to self-reported disorganized thinking in the absence of language output incoherence. Here we combine natural language processing and computational modeling of free association to detail the relationship between disorganized thinking and language (in)coherence in a large sample of participants varying across different dimensions of psychopathology. Our approach allowed us to differentiate between disorganized thinking, disinhibited thought expression and deliberate creativity. We find evidence for both under-regulated and over-regulated disorganized thinking, which relate to two specific dimensions of psychopathology: self-reported eccentricity and suspiciousness. Broadly, these results underscore the theoretical progress afforded by analyzing latent dimensions underlying behavior and psychopathology.
In vitro and in vivo characterization of a novel West Nile virus lineage 2 strain
Authors: Visser Imke , Marshall Eleanor M. , Agliani Gianfilippo , Rissmann Melanie , van den Brand Judith M. A. , Koopmans Marion P. G. , Rockx Barry 
Published: November 2024

AbstractOver recent decades, West Nile virus (WNV) has continued to expand its geographical range, emerging in previously non-endemic areas, including northern Europe. In Europe, WNV lineage 2 strains are most prevalent and cause sporadic outbreaks of WNV disease in humans each transmission season. Here, we assessed the virulence of a newly emerged WNV lineage 2 strain that was isolated in the Netherlands in 2020 (WNV-NL20) and caused several cases of West Nile disease in humans and used a WNV lineage 2 strain related to major outbreaks of neuroinvasive disease in humans in central and south-eastern Europe in 2010 (WNV-578/10) as a reference. Infection of primary human cells of the blood-brain barrier in vitro did not show major differences in replication kinetics between WNV-578/10 and WNV-NL20. Experimental infection of mice showed that both WNV strains induced significant weight loss, neurological signs, and lethal disease. Neurological involvement was confirmed for both WNV strains by the presence of infectious virus and viral antigen in the brain. In conclusion, we show that the recent WNV-NL20 strain that emerged in the Netherlands is neurovirulent in mice. The use of in vitro and in vivo models to characterize the pathogenesis of emerging WNV strains may aid in predicting the neurovirulence of WNV infections in humans during potential future outbreaks.
Decoding the formation of hammerhead ion populations observed by Parker Solar Probe
Authors: Shaaban Shaaban M. , Lazar M. , López R. A. , Yoon P. H. , Poedts S. 
Published: November 2024

Context. In situ observations by the Parker Solar Probe (PSP) have revealed new properties of the proton velocity distributions (VDs), including hammerhead features that suggest a non-isotropic broadening of the beams.
Aims. The present work proposes a very plausible explanation for the formation of hammerhead proton populations through the action of a proton firehose-like instability triggered by the proton beam.
Methods. We investigated a self-generated firehose-like instability driven by the relative drift of ion populations using a simplified moment-based quasi-linear (QL) theory. While simpler and faster than advanced numerical simulations, this toy model provided rapid insights and concisely highlighted the role of plasma micro-instabilities in relaxing the observed anisotropies of particle VDs in the solar wind and space plasmas.
Results. The QL theory proposed here shows that the resulting transverse waves are right-hand polarized and have two consequences on the protons: (i) They reduce the relative drift between the beam and the core, but above all, (ii) they induce a strong perpendicular temperature anisotropy specific to the observed hammerhead ion beam. Moreover, the long-run QL results suggest that these hammerhead distributions are rather transitory states that are still subject to relaxation mechanisms, in which instabilities such as the one discussed here are very likely involved. This foundational work motivates future detailed studies using advanced methods.
Spoof localized surface plasmons metamaterial sensor for non-invasive hemodialysis process monitoring
Authors: Cao Jinqing , Pang Yachen , Wang Liwei , Yao Huiming , Xu Jianchun , Bi Ke 
Published: November 2024

Hemodialysis (HD) is widely considered to be the primary means of kidney replacement therapy for end-stage renal disease, involving millions of patients worldwide. The utilization of continuous non-invasive sensors for blood property detection can achieve an adequacy assessment of the dialysis process, which is of great significance for determining the optimal treatment time, ensuring the treatment effect, and improving the quality of life of patients. In this work, a microwave metamaterial sensor is reported for HD based on spoof localized surface plasmons (LSPs). The spoof LSPs sensor is fabricated from a 21 × 12 × 0.043 mm3 thin film, which is conformally attached to the exterior of the pipeline in the dialysis circuit. This attachment design allows for continuous, non-invasive monitoring of variations in the blood’s permittivity of patients. The proposed sensor design is compatible with standard flexible printed circuit technology, allowing for low-cost and large-scale manufacturing. In the frequency range of 3–6 GHz, three resonance modes based on spoof LSPs can be used for liquid sensing with a maximum sensitivity of 0.39%. This study is expected to foster research and application of microwave metamaterial sensors in the biomedical field.
Allied health and the frail patient in hospital – a prospective cohort study
Authors: Bui James Huylam , Ngian Vincent J. J. , Tran Fiona , Scott Kirralee , Ngai Ka Chi , Ong Bin S. 
Published: November 2024

Objectives Frailty is associated with significant mortality and morbidity in hospitalised patients. We describe physiotherapy and occupational therapy practices in hospitalised frail patients and examine the role of early intervention. Methods We performed a prospective, observational cohort study in a medical assessment unit in a tertiary care hospital. Patients with COVID-19 infection were excluded. Frailty was measured by the Clinical Frailty Scale (CFS). Early allied health intervention was defined as involvement within 48 h of admission. Demographic data, clinical diagnoses, time spent with physiotherapy and occupational therapy, CFS, hospital length of stay and outcomes were recorded and analysed. Results A total of 356 patients were categorised into non-frail (CFS score <5) and frail (CFS score ≥5) groups. The prevalence of frailty was 68% (n = 241). Physiotherapy (77.2%) and occupational therapy (75.5%) reviews were more frequent in frail patients than in non-frail patients. Frail patients who had allied health involvement within 48 h of admission had a significant reduction in their hospital length of stay (mean reduction of 7.3 days, 95% CI: 0.53, 14, P = 0.035) and a 2.44% reduction in the relative risk of developing pressure injuries (95% CI: 1.31, 4.53). There was no statistically significant differences in outcomes with allied health intervention for non-frail patients and patients who require residential aged care facility level care. Conclusions Allied health have a key role in the management of frailty. Early allied health intervention was associated with a reduced hospital length of stay as well as a reduced incidence of pressure injury in frail patients.
Study on band-gap characteristics and formation mechanism of four-ligament chiral elastic metamaterials
Authors: Wen Xiao-Dong , Gao Si-Qi , Kang Lei , Li Yun-Xia 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
Chiral elastic metamaterials, owing to their exceptional properties distinct from conventional materials and their superior mechanical performance, exhibit significant potential for applications in vibration reduction, noise suppression, energy absorption, and cushioning. To address the challenge of low-frequency vibration control, this paper proposes a dual-component chiral elastic metamaterial structure with four ligament elements. The study explores the bandgap characteristics and elastic wave propagation behavior of this structure within the 1000 Hz frequency range. By analyzing the vibration modes of the unit cell and calculating the group and phase velocities of elastic waves, the physical mechanism underlying bandgap formation is elucidated. The results demonstrate that the proposed four-ligament chiral elastic metamaterial exhibits excellent bandgap properties, with the bandgap covering more than 80.4% of the frequency range below 1000 Hz. This highlights its capability for low-frequency elastic wave control and offers a theoretical reference for the design of novel vibration reduction and noise suppression structures, as well as for low-frequency elastic wave regulation.
Floquet analysis on an irradiated nodal surface semimetal with non-symmorphic symmetry
Authors: Pandit Bhaskar , Kar Satyaki 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
A nodal surface semimetal (NSSM) features symmetry enforced band crossings along a surface within the three-dimensional (3D) Brillouin zone (BZ) and a presence of a nonsymmorphic symmetry there pushes such surfaces to stick to the BZ center or boundaries. The topological robustness of the same does not always come with nonzero Berry fluxes. We consider two such NS, one with zero and another with nonzero topological charges and investigate the effect of light irradiation on them. We find that depending on the state of polarization, one can obtain additional Weyl points/NS in the corresponding Floquet Hamiltonians. Particularly, using a simple two band spinless/spin polarized models with no spin orbit coupling, we emphasize the low energy behavior of the continuum Hamiltonians close to the band crossings and its evolution in a Floquet system in the high frequency limit. In the Floquet system, we also find the NS to perish or new multi Weyl points to get popped up for different polarization scenario or different NSSM Hamiltonians. Our findings open up important avenues on what out of equilibrium NSSM systems can offer in many active fields including quantum computations.