bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
FAM3C Regulates Glioma Cell Proliferation, Invasion, Apoptosis, and Epithelial Mesenchymal Transition via the Notch Pathway
Authors: Xia Xiaochao , Wang Zihao , Song Lvmeng , Cheng Yinchuan , Xiong Ping , Li Shun 
Published: December 2024

ABSTRACTBackgroundPrevious studies have implicated the involvement of FAM3C in cancerous development and progression. Herein, we aimed to further investigate the oncological mechanism of FAM3C, specifically in glioma.MethodsWe utilized open‐source bioinformatics tools and platforms to analyze the transcriptional expression levels, prognosis, and correlation with clinical variables of FAM3C in gliomas, and subsequently, to hypothesize its potential molecular functions and possibly associated signaling pathways. Following this, glioma tissues were obtained from resected specimens of patients to assess the expression of FAM3C and molecular markers related to epithelial–mesenchymal transition (EMT) and Notch signaling pathways. Furthermore, glioma cell lines were subjected to treatments including FAM3C siRNA knockdown, lentiviral overexpression, and Notch signaling pathway blockade, enabling the investigation of molecular functions of FAM3C in vitro, particularly in EMT and Notch signaling pathways, as well as its effects on cancer cell proliferation, cell cycle progression, apoptosis, and invasion, using assays such as MMT cell proliferation assay, transwell migration, and flow cytometry analysis. Finally, a mouse subcutaneous xenograft model was established to explore the integrative function of FAM3C in glioma growth in vivo.ResultsThe expression level of FAM3C correlated with the progression of glioma grade and served as a prognostic indicator for poor patient outcomes. Subsequent experiments conducted on glioma cell lines, tumor tissues, and mouse models reinforced the close association of FAM3C with processes including glioma cell proliferation, cell cycle progression, apoptosis, and invasion. Additionally, it was observed that FAM3C is involved in the regulation of the Notch signaling pathway.ConclusionsFAM3C emerges as a potential candidate for clinical detection and prognostic biomarker application. Its regulatory role in glioma cell proliferation, cell cycle progression, and modulation of epithelial–mesenchymal transition‐driven invasion and migration via the Notch signaling pathway implies its potential to unveil novel therapeutic targets for glioma treatment.
Antiplasmodial Potentials, Phytocompounds, and the Possible Toxic Effects of Administration of Ethylacetate Extract of Spondias mombin Linn.
Authors: Nwankwo Nicodemus Emeka , Ezenabor Emmanuel Henry , Abonyi Obiora Emmanuel , Okolo Bartholomew Onyekachi 
Published: December 2024

ABSTRACTMalaria, caused by Plasmodium parasites, is a global health concern. Natural products, such as plant extracts, are investigated for new antimalarial agents. Spondias mombin, traditionally used for medicinal purposes, was examined for its effects on parasitemia, hematological parameters, antioxidant activities, liver function biomarkers, and serum electrolytes in Plasmodium berghei‐infected mice. Mice received varying doses of the ethylacetate extract. Various dosages of the extract and the prescribed medication dramatically slowed the parasite's growth. The extract significantly improved red blood cell (RBC) and platelet counts, particularly at higher doses. Hemoglobin levels were decreased dose‐dependently. Antioxidant analysis showed increased superoxide dismutase (SOD), glutathione peroxidase (GPx), and reduced catalase (CAT) activities and malondialdehyde (MDA) levels, indicating robust antioxidant properties. Liver function tests showed mixed effects, with elevated aspartate aminotransferase (AST), alkaline phosphatase (ALP), and total bilirubin (TB) levels at some doses, yet decreased alanine aminotransferase (ALT) at the highest dose, suggesting possible hepatoprotective effects. Serum electrolyte levels remained stable. Seventy‐eight (78) bioactive components were identified in the extract by gas chromatography–mass spectrometry (GC–MS) analysis. The extract demonstrated substantial antimalarial and antioxidant capacities, with minimal liver stress and stable electrolyte levels, suggesting safety as an adjunct therapy for malaria. Further research is needed to ascertain the specific antimalarial bioactive constituents and their mechanisms of action.
Quinuclidine‐Catalyzed Electrochemical Minisci Acylation of N‐Heteroarenes with Acylhydrazines
Authors: Zhang Haonan , Wang Dehui , Xu Kun , Zeng Chengchu 
Published: December 2024

AbstractThe quinuclidine (Qu)‐catalyzed activation of acylhydrazines to afford the corresponding acyl radicals remains an unmet challenge. To address this challenge, we report a synergistic strategy by combining electro‐oxidation with Qu‐based HAT catalysis. Enabled by this strategy, the electrochemical Minisci acylation of N‐heterocycles with acylhydrazines was realized for the first time.
Reactive Molecular Simulations of Catalytic Methane Decomposition on Ni (1 1 0) Surface
Authors: Arifin Rizal , Winardi Yoyok , Zulkarnain  , Abdurrouf  , Darminto  , Johari Norhasnidawani , Selamat Ali 
Published: December 2024

AbstractUsing catalytic methane decomposition techniques to produce H2 could advance renewable energy development. Selecting the proper catalyst for this method is essential for efficient hydrogen production. We used reactive molecular simulations to examine methane's decomposition reaction and the formation of H2 molecules on a Ni (1 1 0) surface. The results show that the dissociation of H atoms on Ni (1 1 0) surfaces produced H2 molecules. The reaction reached saturation because the Ni (1 1 0) surface was covered by methane fragments. These exhibited enhanced adsorption as the H atoms’ dissociation intensified. As the number of hydrogen atoms bonded to methane fragments decreased, the adsorption energy of methane fragments decreased.
An Organic EnT Photocatalyst 4CzMeBN and the Application in the Synthesis of cis‐Fused Azetidines
Authors: Feng Chuan , Liu Yilei , Xiang Zhihui , Cheng Xiong , Wei Siping , Liu Xinran , Deng Qinmin , Fu Qiang , Zhang Zhijie 
Published: December 2024

AbstractA powerful EnT photocatalyst 4CzMeBN has been developed and utilized in the synthesis of cis‐fused azetidines via dearomative [2+2] cycloaddition under visible light. The photocatalyst 4CzMeBN is a donor‐acceptor cyanoarene and features high triplet state energy and long lifetime of triplet state, which would be an alternative to widely used EnT photocatalyst Ir[dF(CF3)ppy]2(dtbbpy)PF6. The photochemical [2+2] cycloaddition provides a facile method to synthesize valuable dihydroisoquinolone‐fused azetidines with high efficiency.
Emission‐Tunable B←N Lewis Pair‐Functionalized Naphthalenes
Authors: Zhang Yufeng , Matler Alexander , Krebs Johannes , Krummenacher Ivo , Ye Qing , Braunschweig Holger , Marder Todd B. , Ji Lei 
Published: December 2024

AbstractHerein, we simultaneously synthesized three different double B←N Lewis pair‐functionalized naphthalenes including the asymmetric BNNY and BNNO and the mirror‐symmetric BNNR, via a one‐pot method. The annulation modes of the B←N Lewis pairs and the substituents on the boron atoms efficiently tune the molecular frontier orbitals and emission colors. α‐Position fusion leads to a significant enhancement of the HOMO energy level and a decrease in the HOMO‐LUMO gap, while the electron‐withdrawing groups attached to the boron atom make the LUMO energy level more stable. In particular, the LUMO energy level of BNNO is as low as −3.12 eV. BNNY, BNNO, and BNNR emit cyan, green, and red fluorescence at 509, 534, and 620 nm, respectively, with fluorescence quantum yields of 24 %, 49 %, and 30 %, respectively.
Randomly pivoted Cholesky: Practical approximation of a kernel matrix with few entry evaluations
Authors: Chen Yifan , Epperly Ethan N. , Tropp Joel A. , Webber Robert J. 
Published: December 2024

AbstractThe randomly pivoted Cholesky algorithm (RPCholesky) computes a factorized rank‐ approximation of an positive‐semidefinite (psd) matrix. RPCholesky requires only entry evaluations and additional arithmetic operations, and it can be implemented with just a few lines of code. The method is particularly useful for approximating a kernel matrix. This paper offers a thorough new investigation of the empirical and theoretical behavior of this fundamental algorithm. For matrix approximation problems that arise in scientific machine learning, experiments show that RPCholesky matches or beats the performance of alternative algorithms. Moreover, RPCholesky provably returns low‐rank approximations that are nearly optimal. The simplicity, effectiveness, and robustness of RPCholesky strongly support its use in scientific computing and machine learning applications.
Increasing variability in resource supply over time disrupts plant–pollinator interactions
Authors: Redr Deanne , Cirtwill Alyssa R. , Kaartinen Riikka , Grunsky Anna , Hogg Ian , McLennan Donald , Rasmussen Claus , Schmidt Niels Martin , Tiusanen Mikko , Wagner Johann , Wirta Helena , Roslin Tomas 
Published: December 2024

AbstractInsect–plant interactions are key determinants of plant and insect fitness, providing important ecosystem services around the world—including the Arctic region. Recently, it has been suggested that climate warming causes rifts between flower and pollinator phenology. To what extent the progression of pollinators matches the availability of flowers in the Arctic season is poorly known. In this study, we aimed to characterize the community phenology of flowers and insects in a rapidly changing Arctic environment from a descriptive and functional perspective. To this end, we inferred changes in resource availability from both a plant and an insect point of view, by connecting resource and consumer species through a metaweb of all the plant–insect interactions ever observed at a site. Specifically, we: (1) characterized species‐specific phenology among plants and insects at two High‐Arctic sites—Cambridge Bay in Nunavut, Canada, and Zackenberg in Northeast Greenland; (2) quantified competition for flowers using sticky flower mimics; (3) used information on plant–pollinator interactions to quantify supply and demand for pollinator services versus flower resources during the summer; and (4) compared patterns observed within a focal summer at each site to patterns of long‐term change at Zackenberg, using a 25‐year time series of plant flowering and insect phenology. Within summers, we found evidence of a general mismatch between supply and demand. Over the 25‐year time series, the number of weeks per summer when resource supply fell below a standardized threshold increased significantly over time. In addition, variation in resource availability increased significantly over years. We suggest that the number of resource‐poor weeks per year is increasing and becoming less predictable in the High Arctic. This will have important implications for plant pollination, pollinator fitness, and the future of the Arctic ecosystem, as both plants and their pollinators are faced with widening resource gaps.
Analysis of Volatile Organic Compounds of Different Types of Peppers (Capsicum annuum L.) Using Comprehensive Two‐Dimensional Gas Chromatography With Time‐of‐Flight Mass Spectrometry
Authors: Zhu Huixia , Wei Min , Zhang Yuxin , Tao Xinglin 
Published: December 2024

AbstractAs a vegetable and spice crop, the quality of pepper (Capsicum annuum L.) is considerably affected by flavor. However, research on flavor of different C. annuum L. varieties, such as the fruits of “Gansu Xianjiao” (GX) and “Gansu Banjiao” (GB), is limited. In this study, comprehensive two‐dimensional gas chromatography with time‐of‐flight mass spectrometry and multivariate statistical analysis were used to elucidate the flavor differences between GX and GB. A total of 2458 volatile organic compounds (VOCs) were identified, with GX and GB possessing 1914 and 1802 VOCs, respectively. Multivariate statistical analysis revealed 215 differential VOCs in GX versus GB. The relative contents of pyrazine, 2‐ethenyl‐6‐methyl and 1‐cyclohexene‐1‐carboxylic acid, 2,6,6‐trimethyl‐, ethyl ester were most significantly increased, whereas those of 4‐methylpentyl 4‐methylpentanoate methional and 2‐furanmethanol,5‐methyl‐ were most significantly decreased. Further, these differential VOCs were correlated with sensory attributes, such as the sweetness, fruitiness, and green aroma. This study will provide deeper insights into improving the flavor quality of C. annuum L.
FDG PET/CT imaging and circulating biomarkers of inflammation in desmoplakin cardiomyopathy
Authors: Divakaran Sanjay , Randhawa Vinay , Tahir Usman A. , Robertson Matthew , Waheed Anam A. , Perillo Anna , Barrett Leanne , Blankstein Ron , Feinberg Mark W. , Di Carli Marcelo F. , Lakdawala Neal K. 
Published: December 2024

AbstractAimsInflammation has been implicated in the pathogenesis of desmoplakin (DSP) cardiomyopathy, and retrospective studies have described abnormal myocardial fluorodeoxyglucose (FDG) positron emission tomography/computed tomography (PET/CT) findings in symptomatic patients eventually diagnosed with DSP cardiomyopathy. We aimed to prospectively investigate if ambulatory patients with DSP cardiomyopathy had myocardial FDG uptake PET/CT imaging indicative of myocardial inflammation and if they had circulating biomarker evidence of inflammation.MethodsWe prospectively recruited participants with DSP cardiomyopathy and participants with titin cardiomyopathy as a comparator group. Blood samples for clinical labs and proteomic profiling, myocardial perfusion single‐photon emission computed tomography (SPECT) and myocardial FDG PET/CT were obtained for all participants.ResultsTen participants with DSP cardiomyopathy (median age 36.5 years (28, 60); 80% female; 100% White and non‐Hispanic) and four participants with titin cardiomyopathy (median age 55.5 years [38.5, 64]; 50% female; 100% White and non‐Hispanic) were recruited. There were no significant differences between the groups in white blood cell count, ESR, hsCRP or hsTn. Three participants with DSP cardiomyopathy and two participants with titin cardiomyopathy had non‐specific myocardial FDG uptake on PET/CT. All other participants had no myocardial FDG uptake. Integration of miRNA differential expression and their predicted targets from the differential expression proteomics data identified a total of 11 inverse miRNA–mRNA pairs potentially involved in the regulation of top 20 significantly enriched pathways, including pathways involved in metabolism, inflammasome/inflammatory signalling and cell death/pyroptosis.ConclusionsIn a group of ambulatory patients with DSP and titin cardiomyopathy, we found no differences in FDG PET/CT findings or clinical circulating biomarkers of inflammation. However, miRNA‐seq/proteomics analyses identified several enriched pathways and unique miRNA–protein pairs between DSP and titin cardiomyopathy, including pathways involved in inflammasome/inflammatory signalling. Future work will centre on evaluation during myocarditis‐like episodes.
Three‐Component Alkylsulfonylation of 1‐Acryloyl‐2‐Cyanoindoles with Hantzsch Esters through Sulfur Dioxide Insertion
Authors: Zhong Long‐Jin , Shang Xuan , Chen Hui , Liu Rui‐Xin , Tang Ke‐Wen , Zhou Quan , Liu Yu 
Published: December 2024

AbstractA three‐component alkylsulfonylation/cyclization/hydrolysis relay reaction of 1‐acryloyl‐2‐cyanoindoles with 4‐alkyl Hantzsch esters and Na2S2O5 involving sulfur dioxide insertion has been established to access a series of alkylsulfonyl pyrrolo[1,2‐a]indolediones derivatives. With this method, a variety of primary and secondary alkyl radicals can be used for trapping sulfur dioxide and the corresponding alkylsulfonyl radical intermediates formed in situ, followed by alkyl sulfonyl radical addition, cyclization and hydrolysis. This reaction involves selective cleavage of a carbon‐carbon bond followed by successive formation of three new chemical bonds, in which the cyano group has dual roles as a radical acceptor and a carbonyl source.
A Fully Degradable, Bio‐Safe Supercapacitor Targeting for Harmless Disposal of Energy Storage Devices
Authors: Xu Chang , Guan Shiqiang , Zhuang Xijing , Dong Xufeng 
Published: December 2024

ABSTRACTSupercapacitors show broad application prospects as promising energy supply units for future integrated or even implantable electronic devices, but their poor degradability and high biotoxicity severely limit their further development. Regarding this, future‐oriented supercapacitors with fully degradable behavior and excellent biosafety have been prepared through the wide application of degradable polymers and a rational encapsulation and isolation strategy. The combination of self‐supporting pulp fiber/graphene composite electrodes and guar gum gel electrolyte endows the devices with ideal rate performance and long lifetime. The devices demonstrate extremely low cytotoxicity and satisfactory biocompatibility. The implantation caused no significant rejection and did not affect the survival status of the SD rats, suggesting the possibility of powering implantable electronics. Notably, all components of the device (electrodes, electrolyte, substrate, and encapsulation materials) do not contain hazardous or non‐degradable materials, allowing for true complete degradability. The preparation strategy and material selection in the study are expected to be generalized to a wide range of energy storage systems, providing some reference and guidance for the harmless disposal of energy storage devices and even microelectronics.
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The appearance of scalp high‐frequency oscillations is associated with poor seizure control in pediatric epilepsy patients
Authors: Maeda Keisuke , Hosoda Nami , Tsuboi Himari , Naito Honoka , Kudo Chiaki , Fukumoto Junichi , Fujita Shiho , Ichino Naohiro , Osakabe Keisuke , Sugimoto Keiko , Yamaguchi Shunta , Ishihara Naoko 
Published: December 2024

AbstractObjectiveEpilepsy treatment with anti‐seizure medications (ASMs) is based on careful assessment of the balance between the likelihood of further seizures and the risk of side effects of treatment. However, there is currently no established biomarker to ascertain seizure control status with ASMs. High‐frequency oscillations (HFOs), transient bursts of EEG activity with frequencies beyond 80 Hz, are a new and promising noninvasive epilepsy biomarker. We compared the risk of scalp HFO appearance between pediatric patients with good and poor seizure control by treatment with ASMs.MethodsA total of 72 epilepsy patients (aged 0–18 years, 39 males) with good and poor seizure control with ASMs participated in this study. We applied a validated automated detector to determine HFO and spike. We calculated the odds ratios (ORs) for scalp HFO and spike appearance according to seizure control status by multiple logistic regression analysis.ResultsScalp HFO was seen more commonly and with a significantly higher detection rate in patients with poor seizure control as compared with patients with good seizure control for both ripple and fast ripple. These significant associations were found for both focal and generalized epilepsy. The ORs for scalp HFO appearance adjusted for confounding factors were significantly higher in patients with poor seizure control compared to those with good seizure control (ripple: OR [95% CI] = 11.91 [2.21–64.30], p = 0.004; fast ripple: 4.98 [1.03–24.09], p = 0.046). There were no significant associations between spike appearance and seizure control status.SignificanceWe found an increased risk of scalp HFO appearance in patients with poor seizure control. The results of this study support that scalp HFO is associated with patients having frequent seizures after treatment in both ripple and fast ripple.Plain Language SummaryThis study analyzed scalp high‐frequency oscillations and spikes in pediatric patients with various types of epilepsy who were being treated using ASMs. The results showed that an increased risk of scalp HFO appearance was observed in patients with poor seizure control compared to those with good seizure control. These findings were observed in both the ripple (80–250 Hz) and fast ripple (250–500 Hz) bands. The scalp HFO is associated with patients having frequent seizures after treatment in both ripple and fast ripple.
Performance‐Based Seismic Design With Consideration of Safe Storage From Errors in Reinforced Concrete Member Estimated Yield Deformation
Authors: Wang Zelin , Kusunoki Koichi , Maida Yusuke 
Published: December 2024

ABSTRACTWhile performing the capacity spectrum method in seismic design, it is essential to select a reasonable objective. In practice, the design objective is typically determined by estimated structural response. However, factors like ground‐motion randomness, the deviation between the structural analysis model and the actual behavior, and other factors would introduce errors in estimation. Therefore, a redundancy design with consideration of safe storage from these errors is necessary. This study focused on errors in the structural analysis model specifically, particularly reinforced concrete members’ estimated yield deformation—an essential parameter in estimating structural response. Initially, the influence on yield deformation of the structure due to each member's estimated yield deformation was clarified theoretically in the capacity spectrum method. To supplement theoretical analysis, a pushover analysis was conducted based on an E‐defense shaking table test specimen. Then, the effect of structural yield deformation on estimated response deformation was deduced according to Japanese seismic design guidelines and was verified based on a single‐degree‐of‐freedom (SDOF) numerical analysis. By integrating these discussions, errors in estimated structural response caused by members’ estimated yield deformation can be evaluated. Consequently, a redundancy factor was proposed to include the safe storage from errors in RC member estimated yield deformation.
SOC and SOH Prediction of Lithium‐Ion Batteries Based on LSTM–AUKF Joint Algorithm
Authors: Song Yancheng , Lu Jiaqi , Zhang Huai , Liu Guangjun 
Published: December 2024

ABSTRACTLithium batteries are increasingly favored for energy storage due to their high energy density, long cycle life, and robust charge and discharge rates. However, safety concerns necessitate the implementation of a battery management system (BMS) to monitor battery status, maintain energy balance, and provide failure warnings to ensure safe operation. This paper proposes an efficient BMS for high‐voltage, high‐current lithium battery energy storage. The approach leverages a multihead‐attention‐enhanced long short‐term memory (LSTM) neural network combined with an adaptive unscented Kalman filter to accurately calculate the battery's state of charge (SOC) and state of health (SOH). To improve accuracy, various factors such as temperature and internal resistance were considered. The algorithm was validated through hardware and simulation experiments, with experimental data compared to estimation results to demonstrate its precision. The findings show strong convergence and tracking capabilities, with SOC estimation presenting a maximum error of 1.5% and SOH estimation a maximum error of under 0.4%. We expect that this approach will allow for a more refined evaluation of SOC and SOH in lithium‐ion batteries, potentially improving Li‐ion battery system management.