bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Public Administration Reforms in Slovakia: Limited Outcomes (Why ?)
Authors: Nemec Juraj 
Published: July 2018

Abstract
The goal of this paper is to document and to analyse public administration reform dynamics and outcomes in three selected areas – transparency and accountability, civil service and local self-governments.
The high level of potential access to government information in Slovakia does not “produce” increased accountability, predictability and also does not effectively serve as a tool to control corruption. We argue that citizens are not only victims, but also accomplishers: their tolerance for corruption, excessive bureaucracy and rentseeking is confirmed by many existing studies.
Concerning civil service reform, Slovakia shows a substantial reform reversal towards politicisation and centralisation after 2001, which clearly threatens the fundamental features of democratic governance. Soon after the EU accession in 2004 major regressive changes took place, and the Civil Service Office was abolished in 2006. The new legislation in force from 2017 (forced by the EU conditionality) should return the Slovak civil service back on the right track – let us to see.
With regard to self-government the reforms aimed towards the establishment of more independent local and regional self-government. However, the major issue here is the extreme fragmentation on the municipal level – almost 3,000 municipalities in the country, most of them bellow 1,000 inhabitants. Many studies confirm that amalgamation (or at least functional amalgamation) is necessary – but there is no political will to start it.
What are the main lessons from the Slovak case ? The information provided indicates that the Slovak Republic belongs to the “standard” group of CEE countries – after the first wave of democratisation reforms immediately after 1989, most of the later changes were realised “thanks to” external motivations and pressures – and not always really welcomed. The specific issue, however, is the decentralisation reform in 2000 – 2005. This change, providing really fragmented local self-government by extra rights and responsibilities, was internally driven, with positive results from the point of view of self-government principles, but with many hurdles caused by too large a number of too small municipalities.
Towards a Managerial Public Service Bargain: The Estonian Civil Service Reform
Authors: Pesti Cerlin , Randma-Liiv Tiina 
Published: July 2018

Abstract
The aim of this article is to explore and explain the 2012 civil service reform in Estonia. The study builds on the concept of public service bargain, which facilitates the operationalization of changes in the civil service system. Although public service bargain has attracted a lot of interest of public administration scholars, it has not been previously applied in the civil service research in Central and Eastern Europe. The theoretical part synthesizes previous literature on typologies of public service bargain, thus elaborating an analytical framework for the empirical study. The empirical study addresses the following research question: did the civil service reform change the public service bargain in Estonia and if so, how ? The empirical research was carried out by relying on desk research, secondary literature on Estonian administrative reforms and participant observation. The study builds partly on the materials collected for the EUPACK case study on Estonia. The analysis shows that the civil service reform brought along changes in all three components of public service bargain: reward, competency and loyalty, although the agency-type bargain was retained. The shift towards the managerial public service bargain is evidenced in the greater emphasis on flexibility in employment relations, the use of fixed-term contracts, increased private-sector-style practices at all levels of the civil service, an emphasis on performance management, and the reduction of job security. Despite the widespread criticism of NPM, the Estonian civil service reform presents a “textbook case” of managerial NPM-oriented reform. It is argued that substantially diminished rewards may contribute to a vicious circle of temporary civil servants, including problems with recruiting new officials and a further increase in their turnover, ultimately leading to a “temporary state”. The loyalty of civil servants may in turn shift towards instrumental, short-term and easily influenced or changing loyalty, thus challenging the fundamental values of democratic governance.
Selfie at a Museum: Defining a Paradigm for an Analysis of Taking (Self-Portrait) Photographs at Museum Exhibitions
Authors: Chlebus-Grudzień Patrycja 
Published: July 2018

AbstractDue to the development of social media, posting one's photos is becoming increasingly popular; they often take the form of, so called, ‘selfie’. The phenomenon of photographing oneself has also occurred in cultural institutions, including museums. The museums are implementing various strategies of reacting to people taking pictures of themselves with exhibits at the background. The article presents an analysis of these reactions, and, based on that, various ways of defining the functions and role of the contemporary museum. The author also attempts to provide an answer to the following question: is posting photographs by visitors an element of creating their own image (‘the Culture of Narcissism’), or is it rather a form of interaction with heritage, of a dialogue with the presented contents (‘remix culture’)?
Outdoor Gyms as an Example of Outdoor Recreation Activity in Urbanized Areas
Authors: Nałęcz Hanna , Ostrowska-Tryzno Anna , Pawlikowska-Piechotka Anna 
Published: July 2018

Abstract
Outdoor gyms are becoming increasingly popular in the European cities. They are built in urban parks, in neighbourhoods (housing estates) and school sports grounds. Recently outdoor gyms are increasingly being built in non–urban recreation areas (such as beaches, lake promenades, forest parks). Among them there are gyms dedicated specifically to the elderly or disabled. The aim of the research is to analyze the use of outdoor gyms in Warsaw and selected surrounding settlements.
Teaching Primary Student of Minority People about Vietnamese Personal Pronouns in Relation to Culture
Authors: Thu Phuong Nguyen 
Published: July 2018

Teaching primary student of minority people about Vietnamese personal pronouns as second language is very important in formatting and developing standard language in social communication. This is not only teaching language but also teaching Vietnamese communication culture to developing in social environment of minority people. This article refers to the standard deviation in using Vietnamese personal pronouns of primary student of minority people; the relationship between Vietnamese personal pronouns and communication culture; the difficulties in teaching primary student of minority people about Vietnamese personal pronouns and using Vietnamese personal pronouns relate to preserve national culture. Besides the development of modern culture, national integration on standard formal communicational language of society, preserving communicational culture of minority people is an important mission currently in case of “bilingualism” or “multilingualism” of Vietnamese minority people.
Keywords
Personal pronouns, primary student, minority people, second language, culture
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La historia de la Rama Judicial en Colombia
Authors: De Zubiría Samper Andrés 
Published: July 2018

En el artículo se analiza cuál ha sido la evolución de la Rama Judicial a lo largo de nuestra historia republicana (1821 a hoy), se estudian las diversas constituciones políticas del siglo XIX (1821, 1830, 1832, 1843, 1853, 1858, 1863 y 1886), la coyuntura especial de la Asamblea Constituyente y la Carta Política de 1911, y se reflexiona sobre el Proyecto de Acto Legislativo de Reforma Judicial de iniciativa gubernamental, discutido y aprobado en el Congreso Nacional entre el 2011 y el 2012, objetado por el Gobierno Nacional y, finalmente, archivado en el mes dejunio de 2012.
Bioética, bioderecho y biopolítica Una aproximación desde España
Authors: Pelayo González-Torre Ángel 
Published: July 2018

Introduce el presente número el artículo del profesor español Ángel Pelayo González-Torre, Bioética, bioderecho y biopolítica. Una aproximación desde España, en el cual nos expone la evolución no solo terminológica sino conceptualen la manera de entender la forma en que han de ser tratadas la salud y la vida de las personas. Este tránsit de la ética médica a la bioética, de esta al bioderecho y posteriormente a la biopolítica evidencia un proceso que comenzó en el momento en que la actividad sanitaria sale del control de los profesionales de la salud y se convierten en objeto interdisciplinar autónomo para ocupar luego el debate social y con él la necesidad de ejercer un control sobre las actividades sanitarias e investigadoras, etapa en la que va a ser el derecho el llamado a pronunciarse sobre lo que se puede o no hacer, quedando finalmente en los representantes políticos la potestad de legislar y establecer cómo resolver los ya urgentes y trascendentes dilemas bioéticos, institucionalizando, de paso, un nuevo modelo de relación médico-paciente basada en los derechos de este último. El anterior marco conceptual es referido a la situación de España, ocupándose de algunas de las normas más importantes vigentes en materia de bioética.
Derechos de los niños y niñas reclutados o utilizados en hostilidades en la justicia transicional en Colombia: evolución normativa y prácticas jurídicas
Authors: Mariño Rojas Cielo 
Published: July 2018

El artículo busca establecer el proceso de evolución de los estándares internacionales en torno a la protección y derechos de la infancia y la adolescencia en el conflicto armado interno, al igual que la manera como se ha venido adoptando e implementando un marco normativo nacional en la materia. Estos marcos normativos se confrontan con la situación que viven miles de niñas y niños en medio de la guerra y con las prácticas jurídicas que se han dado a partir de leyes que han venido definiendo una propuesta de justicia transicional. Al traslapar las imágenes de lo normativo y lo empírico se ve la diferencia que indicará qué tan cerca o lejos se encuentra ese modelo de los estándaresen la materia.
De la imputación penal sustancial a la imputación penal procesal válida Un diálogo de doble vía
Authors: Toro Lucena Óscar Augusto 
Published: July 2018

La construcción de la denominada imputación con relevancia en el campo del derecho procesal penal, demanda que la misma tenga como referente general la teoría del delito y como referente específico, por lo menos, la construcción dogmática y los elementos estructurantes del tipo objetivo del delito, sin olvidar, el señalamiento del grado de participación o intervención en la ejecución del delito. Un acto de imputación que atienda a ese diálogo derecho penal sustancial y derecho procesal penal– permitirá un ejercicio pleno del derecho de defensa. Unaincorrecta imputación genera invalidez en la actuación y, consecuencialmente, produce un estado de indefensión.
El derecho de las víctimas del conflicto armado frente a la restitución de tierras en Colombia
Authors: Leal Martínez Deissy Liliana , Echenique Caballero Nidia Constanza , Herrera Acosta Robinson 
Published: July 2018

La justicia transicional, vista desde su más amplia acepción, integra todos los componentes de solución frente a un conflicto interno que lleva más de setenta años escribiendo páginas de terror y sufrimiento en la historia del pueblo colombiano, a la vez que se ha venido transformando el interés por las víctimas, dado que en épocas pasadas no se contemplaban en el marco de los derechos humanos. De ahí la importancia de analizar el alcance de la justicia transicional (Ley 975 de 2005), en lo concerniente a la restitución de tierras, con ocasión de la Ley 1448 de 2011, haciendo claridad en que la primera estuvo dirigida únicamente a los grupos armados y la segunda acoge a todas las víctimas.
The Effect of Variation Composition of Wheat (Triticum asetivum L.) Grist to Moisture Content and Ash Content of Wheat Flour
Authors: Laeliocattleya Rosalina Ariesta , Wijaya Jessica 
Published: July 2018

The aim of this study is to determine how the influence of wheat grist composition variation on Australian variety (A) and Russian variety (B) on misture content and ash content of wheat flour. Determination of moisture content and ash content based on Near Infrared Spectroscopy principle. Moisture content of wheat flour on a grist composition 40% A: 60% B was 14.53%, and moisture content of 60% A: 40% B was 14.08%. Variation of wheat grist composition showed a significant different effect (P <0,05) to moisture content of wheat flour. The ash content of flour in grist composition 40% A: 60% B was 0,68%, while grist 60% A: 40% B was 0,66%. Variation of wheat grist composition showed a significant different effect (P <0,05) to the ash content of wheat flour. This is related to the conditions of wheat cultivation and the characteristics of milling wheat.
POTENSI EKSTRAK UMBI BAWANG DAYAK (Eleutherine palmifolia (L.) Merr.) DALAM MENCEGAH ULCERATIVE COLITIS PADA MENCIT YANG DIINDUKSI DSS (DEXTRAN SULFATE SODIUM)
Authors: Wijayanti Sudarma Dita , Hasyati Noor 
Published: July 2018

Pemakaian obat tradisional (herbal) semakin berkembang pesat akhir-akhir ini. Salah satu jenis tanaman obat yang berkhasiat bagi kesehatan namun masih minim penggunaannya untuk pengobatan di masyarakat adalah bawang dayak (Eleutherine palmifolia (L.) Merr.). Senyawa bioaktif pada umbi bawang dayak berupa fenol, flavonoid, dan turunannya memiliki efek preventif terhadap berbagai macam penyakit, salah satunya yakni Ulcerative Colitis. Untuk mengetahui kemampuan umbi bawang dayak dalam mencegah Ulcerative Colitis maka perlu dilakukan ekstraksi selanjutnya diujikan pada hewan coba. Sehingga tujuan dari penelitian ini yaitu mengetahui jenis dan perbandingan pelarut yang tepat serta mengetahui pengaruh ekstrak umbi bawang dayak dalam upaya pencegahan ulcerative colitis. Metode penelitian tahapan ekstraksi menggunakan Rancangan Acak Kelompok Faktorial. Faktor pertama adalah jenis pelarut yang terdiri atas 3 level, yaitu aquades, etanol 96%, dan heksana. Faktor kedua yaitu perbandingan bahan:pelarut yang terdiri dari 3 level, yaitu 1:3; 1:5; dan 1:7 (b/v). Pada uji in vivo terdiri dari tiga kelompok yakni kontrol positif, kontrol negatif, pemberian ekstrak dosis 750mg/kgBB. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa perlakuan terbaik ekstraksi yakni menggunakan pelarut heksana dengan rasio bahan dan pelarut 1:5. Berdasarkan hasil uji, ekstrak Bawang Dayak mampu menurunkan SOD dan MDA secara signifikan (P <0,05) namun belum mampu memberikan efek yang signifikan pada makroskopis dan skor mikroskopis kolon mencit.
Model Pembelajaran Think Talk Write Meningkatkan Prestasi Belajar Mata Pelajaran IPA SD
Authors: Winarti Asih 
Published: July 2018

Keberhasilan siswa dalam kegiatan belajar dipengaruhi oleh berbagai faktor. Faktor tersebut dapat berasal dari siswa sendiri, dari guru, maupun dari guru dan siswa. Guru merasa enggan untuk melaksanakan model pembelajaran yang inovatif karena dianggap terlalu merepotkan Penelitian ini merupakan Penelitian Tindakan Kelas (PTK) dalam dua siklus (perencanaan, pelaksanaan tindakan, observasi, dan refleksi). Penelitian ini mengambil populasi seluruh kelas V semester II tahun pelajaran 2017/2018 di SDN 3 Ngadirejo Kecamatan Pogalan Kabupaten Trenggalek. Subjek yang diteliti berjumlah 26 siswa yang terdiri dari siswa laki-laki 15 dan siswa perempuan 11 siswa Ngadirejo Kec. Pogalan Kab. Trenggalek 2017/2018. Hasil penelitian siswa, Pada akhir siklus I siswa tuntas mencapai 22 siswa (85%). Pada siklus II siswa tuntas mencapai 24 siswa (92%). Kenaikan atau peningkatan ketuntasan belajar dari siklus I ke sisklus II pertemuan sebanyak 7%. Nilai rata-rata kelas yang diperoleh pada siklus I adalah 80. Pada siklus II sebesar 84. Terjadi peningkatan sebesar 4 poin.
Penigkatan Aktifitas dan Hasil Belajar Materi Dunia Hewan Melalui Strategi Kooperatif Pada Siswa Kelas X Akselerasi
Authors: Turistiana Ifah 
Published: July 2018

Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk meningkatkan aktivitas dan hasil belajar biologi siswa kelas X Akselarasi SMA Negeri 1 Blitar melalui strategi kooperatif. Jenis penelitian yang digunan penelitian ini adalah penelitian tindakan kelas. Instrumen digunakan lembar observasi dan soal tes. Teknik analisis data yang digunakan analisis data kualitatif model Milles dan Huberman yang meliputi data reduction, data display, dan conclution drawing/verification., Hasil penelitan menunjukkan strategi kooperatif dapat meningkatkan aktivitas belajar dan hasil belajar siswa yang ditunjukkan dengan nilai aktivitas belajar 69,7 dan hasil belajar 71,84 pada siklus pertama. Pada siklus kedua aktivitas belajar 71,67 dan hasil belajar 84,9. Pada siklus ke tiga diperoleh aktivitas belajar siswa 76,3 dan hasil belajar 84,9. Hasil dari penelitian ini menunjukkan adanya peningkatan aktivitas dan hasil belajar Biologi melalui strategi kooperatif pada siswa kelas x akselerasi
Peningkatan Prestasi Belajar Mapel IPA Melalui Metode Eksperimen
Authors: Sariyem Sariyem 
Published: July 2018

Ilmu Pengetahuan Alam (IPA) itu sendiri merupakan ilmu yang mempelajari gejala alam melalui proses dan sikap ilmiah yang pada dasarnya masih dilakukan dengan pembelajaran yang berpusat pada guru dengan metode cerama. Sedang pada intinya proses ilmiah didasari dengan cara berfikir logis berdasarkan fakta-fakta yang mendukung sikap ilmiah tercantum pada sikap jujur dan obyektif dalam mengumpulkan fakta dan menyajikan hasil analisis fenomena- fenomena alam. Tujuan yang hendak dicapai dari penelitian ini adalah sebagai berikut: Mengetahui implementasi metode eksperimen terhadap peningkatan Prestasi Belajar siswa pada pembelajaran IPA tentang gaya Kelas IV SDN 2 Ngulankulon Kecamatan Pogalan Kabupaten Trenggalek Semester 2 tahun pelajaran 2016/2017. Subjek penelitian ini adalah siswa Kelas IV SDN 2 Ngulankulon Kecamatan Pogalan Kabupaten Trenggalek Semester 2 Tahun Pelajaran 2016/2017 yang berjumlah 24 siswa, yang terdiri dari 13 siswa laki-laki dan 11 siswa perempuan. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan peningkatan hasil belajar siswa, pada akhir siklus I siswa tuntas mencapai 25 siswa (78%), sedangkan pada akhir siklus II mencapai 29 siswa (91%). Kenaikan atau peningkatan ketuntasan belajar adalah sebanyak 4 siswa atau 13%. Kesimpulan yang dapat diperoleh bahwa penggunaan metode eksperimen dalam pembelajaran, terbukti dapat meningkatkan hasil belajar siswa pada siswa Kelas VI Semester II Tahun Pelajaran 2016/2017 di SDN 3 Ngadirejo Kecamatan Pogalan Kabupaten Trenggalek.
The Causes and the Prevention of Traumatism in School Children in Physical Education and Sports Classes
Authors: Vilchkovski Eduard , Pasichnyk Volodymyr 
Published: July 2018

Traumatism of schoolchildren in physical education and sports, according to questioned teachers, has assorted reasons. The main ones are: violation of discipline by students, failure to observe safety rules, inept insurance and selfinsurance, unsatisfactory technical condition of sports equipment and places for physical culture and sports. The most traumatic means of physical education teachers consider team sports games (soccer, handball, basketball), during which it is possible to injure hands and feet with hard drops on the ground or collisions with rivals, blowing the ball into the face or body. Long-term pedagogical experience in school and analysis of publications of specialists studying the problems of injuries in children and young people make it possible to assert that in connection with a significant number of injuries in schools in different countries, it is necessary to improve its prevention and improve the safety of students' life and health in teaching and educational The process, in particular, in physical education classes and sports sections of schools. It is necessary to improve the effectiveness of training future physical education teachers in higher education institutions on the prevention of injuries in classes and sports sections, where various means of physical training and sports are used, to be able to monitor the technical condition of physical culture equipment and equipment, sports objects for physical education and sports, to teach students The methods of insurance of children and youth in classes and non–class sports.
The Organization and Content of Music Therapy Classes for the Prevention and Treatment of Psychosomatic Diseases in Children from Six to Ten Years of Age
Authors: Vilchkovska Anastasiya 
Published: July 2018

The article deals with the organization and content of the music therapy sessions for children 6–10 years of the with psychosomatic diseases. The analysis literature scientists from different countries show that the most rational for music therapy sessions with children of this age a combination of music witch exercise, games and dancing. They actively influence the deprivation of children from diseases related to the negative impact of the environment on their psyche, neurosis, aggression and positively contribute to the psycho–physical development, education aesthetic feeling formation behaviour. Research scientists and practical experience indicate the need for widespread use of music therapy classes in preschool institutions, schools and medical centres in connection with the spread the 15 years of psychosomatic illnesses and youth.
Editorialboard dan Kelengkapan Jurnal
Authors: Rafi Mohamad 
Published: July 2018

Puji dan syukur kami ucapkan kepada Tuhan Yang Maha Esa dengan terbitnya Jurnal Jamu Indonesia Volume 2 No 2 oleh Pusat Studi Biofarmaka Tropika LPPM IPB sebagai media diseminasi penelitian terkait jamu di Indonesia. Jurnal ini diharapkan dapat menambah informasi dan menjadi rujukan tentang jamu mulai dari kegiatan hulu hingga hilir.
Temulawak merupakan salah satu tumbuhan obat dari famili Zingiberaceae yang bersama dengan jahe merupakan tumbuhan obat yang paling banyak digunakan dalam jamu. Hampir sebagian besar formula jamu yang ada saat ini umumnya mengandung temulawak sebagai salah satu isi dalam formula jamu. Temulawak termasuk ke dalam tumbuhan obat asli Indonesia yang memiliki beragam manfaat dan khasiat bagi kesehatan. Dalam Jurnal Jamu Indonesia edisi Volume 2 No 2 ini berisi tentang penelitian yang sebagian besar menggunakan temulawak sebagai sampelnya dengan topik mengenai in vitro propagasi temulawak, metode ekstraksi dan pemisahan optimum untuk isolasi xantorizol dari temulawak, pengaruh pola tanam tumpang sari terhadap produktivitas rimpang temulawak, penapisan virtual senyawa–senyawa dalam famili zingiberaeae sebagai antiinflamasi menggunakan protokol EE_COX2_V.1.0, serta analisis kebutuhan pendampingan dan kompetensi pendamping pelaku usaha industri jamu.
Jurnal Jamu Indonesia dapat menjadi fasilitas bagi para peneliti dan ilmuwan untuk memudahkan pendistribusian informasi ilmu pengetahuan mengenai jamu melalui tulisan-tulisan yang dapat dipublikasi. Semua hasil karya tersebut akan diarsipkan sebagai dokumentasi berharga demi terjaganya informasi yang dapat menjadi sumber pengembangan ilmu pengetahuan di masa depan.

Mohamad Rafi
Ketua Dewan Redaksi