bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Role of a kinesin motor in cancer cell mechanics
Authors: Mandal Kalpana , Pogoda Katarzyna , Nandi Satabdi , Mathieu Samuel , Kasri Amal , Radvanyi François , Goud Bruno , Janmey Paul A , Manneville Jean-Baptiste 
Published: July 2019

SummaryMolecular motors play important roles in force generation, migration and intracellular trafficking. Changes in specific motor activities are altered in numerous diseases. KIF20A, a motor protein of the kinesin-6 family, is overexpressed in bladder cancer, and KIF20A levels correlate negatively with the clinical outcome. We report here a new role for the KIF20A kinesin motor protein in intracellular mechanics. Using optical tweezers to probe intracellular mechanics and surface AFM to probe cortical mechanics, we first confirm that bladder cells soften with increasing cancer grade. We then show that inhibiting KIF20A makes the intracellular environment softer for both high and low grade bladder cancer cells. Upon inhibition of KIF20A cortical stiffness also decreases in lower grade cells, while it surprisingly increases in higher grade malignant cells. Changes in cortical stiffness correlate with the interaction of KIF20A with myosin IIA. Moreover, KIF20A negatively regulates bladder cancer cell motility irrespective of the underlying substrate stiffness. Our results reveal a central role for a microtubule motor in cell mechanics and migration in the context of bladder cancer.
Choice of host cell line is essential for the functional glycosylation of the fragment crystallizable (Fc) region of human IgG1 inhibitors of influenza B viruses
Authors: Blundell Patricia A. , Lu Dongli , Dell Anne , Haslam Stuart M. , Pleass Richard J. 
Published: July 2019

AbstractAntibodies are glycoproteins that carry a conserved N-linked carbohydrate attached to the Fc, whose presence and fine structure profoundly impacts on theirin vivoimmunogenicity, pharmacokinetics and functional attributes. The host cell line used to produce IgG has a major impact on this glycosylation, as different systems express different glycosylation enzymes and transporters that contribute to the specificity and heterogeneity of the final IgG-Fc glycosylation profile. Here we compare two panels of glycan-adapted IgG1-Fc mutants expressed in either the HEK 293-F or CHO-K1 systems. We show that the types of N-linked glycans between matched pairs of Fc mutants vary significantly, and in particular with respect to sialylation. These cell line effects on glycosylation profoundly influence the ability of the engineered Fcs to interact with either human or pathogen receptors. For example, we describe Fc mutants that potently disrupted influenza B-mediated agglutination of human erythrocytes when expressed in CHO-K1 but not in HEK 293-F cells.
Genotyping Test Development and Genotyping Survey of Pakistani population of Holstein Friesian imported from Different Origins for A1/A2 SNP in Beta-casein Gene
Authors: Ali Waqas Rafique , Amin Imran , Asif Muhammad , Mansoor Shahid 
Published: July 2019

AbstractQuality of milk is determined by multiple factors including microbial load, somatic cell score, content percentages and absence of adulterants. However, in term of genetics, milk quality can be linked with beta casein. Beta casein is a milk protein having genetic variants, one of which is believed to be linked with progression of many diseases including cardiovascular diseases, metabolic diseases and nervous disorders. As beta casein has genetic basis so milk quality can be elucidated by animal genotyping. But no such genotyping facility was available country wide for this purpose. Hence objective of this study is the development of diagnostic test using ARMS-PCR technology in Pakistan and genotyping of beta casein variants in Pakistani population of Holstein Friesian cattle. A total of 166 blood samples were collected from Holstein Friesian (imported from Holland, USA and Australia) and genotyped using ARMS-PCR. Validation of ARMS-PCR was confirmed by Sanger sequencing of beta casein gene from 78 animals. ARMS-PCR based test was then compared with parallel genotyping techniques in term of cost and time effectivity. Reproducibility of this test was tested and validation of this test was done by Sanger sequencing. This test is cost effective as well as time effective in compared to other techniques. Holstein Friesian originating from different countries have different percentages of beta casein variants. This test can be used routinely for genotyping of beta casein. In future there is a need to find out prevalence of beta casein variants of indigenous cattle as well as cross bred population of Pakistan and formulation of breeding policy, keeping in view health concerns of A1 genotype of β-casein.Novelty StatementIn this study, a diagnostic test is developed to genotype beta casein variants in animal. This is the first report of its kind in Pakistan as before this report either sequencing or tedious and costly procedures were in use for genotyping of beta casein variants in Pakistan. Additionally, for the first time in Pakistan Holstein Friesian imported from Holland, United States and Australia were genotyped to elucidate their genotype status for beta casein polymorphism.
A preliminary study of the cytotoxicity of the protein extract of Chrysobalanus icaco L. and Eugenia astringens Cambess., commercialized in markets
Authors: Pedrete Thaís A. , Carmo Julianderson O.S. , Barreto Emiliano O. , Moreira Josino C. 
Published: July 2019

AbstractThe use of plants and their products for medical treatment is very common procedure in Brazil, especially for treatment of diabetes. In fact, several plants can demonstrate hypoglycemic effects in vitro assays. However, the use for human treatment requires the knowledge of their toxicological properties. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of protein extracts of Chrysobalanus icaco collected from natural habitats and of Eugenia astringens acquired from the market of Rio de Janeiro on the viability and migration of fibroblasts. E. astringens has a similar morphology as C. icaco and it is sold as Chrysobalanus in a popular market in Rio de Janeiro. Being a different plant, E. astringens expresses different proteins, and its protein extract has proved to possess higher toxic properties than C. icaco does. Cytotoxicity assays indicated that, as the protein extract concentration increases, fibroblast viability decreases. Only the E. astringens extract displayed cytotoxicity at all concentrations, in addition to reduced fibroblast migration. The results obtained in this study demonstrates that it’s necessary integrative policies for rational use of medicinal plants and their commercialization, since the current use of medicinal plants may be inadequate and it is of great importance for Public Health.
Spatially resolved transcriptomics reveals plant host responses to pathogens
Authors: Giolai Michael , Verweij Walter , Lister Ashleigh , Heavens Darren , Macaulay Iain , Clark Matthew D. 
Published: July 2019

AbstractBackgroundThorough understanding of complex model systems requires the characterisation of processes in different cell types of an organism. This can be achieved with high-throughput spatial transcriptomics at a large scale. However, for plant model systems this is still challenging as suitable transcriptomics methods are sparsely available. Here we present Grid-seq, an easy to adopt, micro-scale spatial-transcriptomics workflow that allows to study expression profiles across small areas of plant tissue at a fraction of the cost of existing sequencing-based methods.ResultsWe compare the Grid-seq method with widely used library preparation methods (Illumina TruSeq). In spatial experiments we show that the Grid-seq method is sensitive enough to identify expression differences across a plant organ. We further assess the spatial transcriptome response of Arabidopsis thaliana leaves exposed to the bacterial molecule flagellin-22.ConclusionWe show that our method can be used to identify known, rapidly flagellin-22 elicited genes, plant immune response pathways to bacterial attack and spatial expression patterns of genes associated with these pathways.
Neural and behavioral correlates of episodic memory are associated with temporal discounting in older adults
Authors: Lempert Karolina M. , Mechanic-Hamilton Dawn J. , Xie Long , Wisse Laura E.M. , de Flores Robin , Wang Jieqiong , Das Sandhitsu R. , Yushkevich Paul A. , Wolk David A. , Kable Joseph W. 
Published: July 2019

AbstractWhen facing decisions involving trade-offs between smaller, sooner and larger, delayed rewards, people tend to discount the value of future rewards. There are substantial individual differences in this tendency toward temporal discounting, however. One neurocognitive system that may underlie these individual differences is episodic memory, given the overlap in the neural circuitry involved in imagining the future and remembering the past. Here we tested this hypothesis in older adults, including both those that were cognitively normal and those with amnestic mild cognitive impairment (MCI). We found that performance on neuropsychological measures of episodic memory retrieval was associated with temporal discounting, such that people with better memory discounted delayed rewards less. This relationship was specific to episodic memory and temporal discounting, since executive function (another cognitive ability) was unrelated to temporal discounting, and episodic memory was unrelated to risk tolerance (another decision-making preference). We also examined cortical thickness and volume in medial temporal lobe regions critical for episodic memory. Entorhinal cortical thickness was associated with reduced temporal discounting, with episodic memory performance partially mediating this association. The inclusion of MCI participants was critical to revealing these associations between episodic memory and entorhinal cortical thickness and temporal discounting. These effects were larger in the MCI group, reduced after controlling for MCI status, and statistically significant only when including MCI participants in analyses. Overall, these findings suggest that individual differences in temporal discounting are driven by episodic memory function, and that a decline in medial temporal lobe structural integrity may impact temporal discounting.
Predicting chromatin interactions between open chromatin regions from DNA sequences
Authors: Cao Fan , Zhang Ying , Loh Yan Ping , Cai Yichao , Fullwood Melissa J. 
Published: July 2019

AbstractChromatin interactions play important roles in regulating gene expression. However, the availability of genome-wide chromatin interaction data is very limited. Various computational methods have been developed to predict chromatin interactions. Most of these methods rely on large collections of ChIP-Seq/RNA-Seq/DNase-Seq datasets and predict only enhancer-promoter interactions. Some of the ‘state-of-the-art’ methods have poor experimental designs, leading to over-exaggerated performances and misleading conclusions. Here we developed a computational method, Chromatin Interaction Neural Network (CHINN), to predict chromatin interactions between open chromatin regions by using only DNA sequences of the interacting open chromatin regions. CHINN is able to predict CTCF- and RNA polymerase II-associated chromatin interactions between open chromatin regions. CHINN also shows good across-sample performances and captures various sequence features that are predictive of chromatin interactions. We applied CHINN to 84 chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL) samples and detected systematic differences in the chromatin interactome between IGVH-mutated and IGVH-unmutated CLL samples.
Predicting drowning from sea and weather forecasts: development and validation of a model on surf beaches of southwestern France
Authors: Tellier Éric , Simonnet Bruno , Gil-Jardiné Cédric , Bailhache Marion , Castelle Bruno , Salmi L. Rachid 
Published: July 2019

AbstractObjectiveTo predict the risk of drowning along the surf beaches of Gironde, southwestern France.MethodsData on rescues and drownings were collected from the Medical Emergency Center of Gironde (SAMU 33). Seasonality, holidays, weekends, weather, and sea conditions were considered potentially predictive. Logistic regression models were fitted with data from 2011–2013 and used to predict 2015–2017 events employing weather and ocean forecasts.ResultsAir temperature, wave parameters, seasonality, and holidays were associated with drownings. Prospective validation was performed on 617 days, covering 232 events (rescues and drownings) reported on 104 different days. The area under the curve (AUC) of the daily risk prediction model (combined with 3-day forecasts) was 0.82 [95% confidence interval (95% CI) 0.79−0.86]. The AUC of the 3-hour step model was 0.85 (95% CI 0.81−0.88).ConclusionsDrowning events along the Gironde surf coast can be anticipated up to 3 days in advance.Preventative messages and rescue preparations could be increased as the forecast risk increased, especially during the off-peak season, when the number of available rescuers is low.
Recruiting international postgraduate researchers
Authors: Scott Jennifer 
Published: July 2019

Purpose
The purpose of this paper is to examine the efficacy of the strategies that new, regional universities use for recruiting international postgraduate research students (IPRSs).

Design/methodology/approach
An exploratory, qualitative cross-case study analysis was used to address a problem and associated gap in the literature, identified from a review of academic literature and government statistics. Case studies comprised multiple data sources, including interviews and questionnaires with 66 employee and student respondents and document reviews.

Findings
A disparity between the views of students and employees regarding effective recruitment strategies was apparent. This led to divergence between the needs of prospective students and institutional strategies used during recruitment. Findings include suggestions to improve such strategies.

Research limitations/implications
The study provides a basis for future research on higher education recruitment for new and regional universities and for IPRSs. As the research focused on two Australian universities, knowledge obtained should be explored further.

Practical implications
Results suggest students considering overseas postgraduate research study prioritize information, readily available online, about the university’s research focus and capacity, the features of surrounding communities and the regional impact of the research. Results also suggest that focusing on developing institution-to-institution and researcher-to-researcher relationships provides a mechanism by which the institution can enhance its international reputation to attract more students.

Originality/value
Limited research focuses specifically on recruitment of IPRSs. The results can support new, regional universities to review and modify their strategies for benefit to students and universities.
Numerical investigationof clocking effect of impellerson a multistage pump
Authors: Tan Minggao , Lian Yichao , Wu Xianfang , Liu Houlin 
Published: July 2019

Purpose
The purpose of this paper is to investigate the clocking effect of impellers and the superposition between pump stages caused by clocking effect in a five-stage centrifugal pump. Then the best clocking scheme in terms of vibration is tried to be provided as well.

Design/methodology/approach
All curves of pressure fluctuation in different impeller stages can be divided into two groups for the difference of 1/16 T in time domain. The difference is mostly in vibration frequency and amplitude, little in pump head and efficiency.

Findings
All curves of pressure fluctuation in different impeller stages can be divided into two groups for the difference of 1/16 T in time domain. The difference is mostly in vibration frequency and amplitude, little in pump head and efficiency.

Research limitations/implications
This research involves eight different impeller clocking schemes. The results show that the clocking effect has little influence in pump head and efficiency, but the influence in pressure fluctuation is larger.

Practical implications
The paper provides guidance for the design of multistage pump for better vibration performance.

Originality/value
This research involves eight different impeller clocking schemes, the results show that the clocking effect has little influence in pump head and efficiency, but the influence in pressure fluctuation is larger. Then the best clocking scheme In terms of vibration is tried to be provided through analysis.
Critical success factors for implementing integrated construction project delivery
Authors: Whang Seoung-Wook , Park Kenneth Sungho , Kim Sangyong 
Published: July 2019

Purpose
The purpose of this paper is to identify the critical success factors (CSFs) to implement integrated project delivery (IPD) systems in the Korean construction industry.

Design/methodology/approach
This study categorized potential CSFs and analyzed them using factor analysis and multiple regression analysis to choose the best ones based on responses from Korean construction experts.

Findings
In total, 29 potential factors were selected and categorized into 7 CSFs using factor analysis.

Originality/value
The outcomes of the study are useful as a reference for applying the IPD system in different developing countries and mid-sized construction industries.
Importance of convective heat transfer in flow of non-Newtonian nanofluid featuring Brownian and thermophoretic diffusions
Authors: Khan Waqar Azeem , Ali Mehboob , Waqas Muhammad , Shahzad M. , Sultan F. , Irfan M. 
Published: July 2019

Purpose
This paper aims to address the flow of Sisko nanofluid by an unsteady curved surface. Non-uniform heat source/sink is considered for heat transfer analysis.

Design/methodology/approach
Numerical solutions are constructed using bvp4c procedure.

Findings
Pressure profile inside boundary region is increased when A and K are enhanced.

Originality/value
No such analysis is yet presented.
Simulation study on the effect of underwear on thermal reaction of human body based on heat and mass transfer theory
Authors: Cheng Pengpeng , Chen Daoling 
Published: July 2019

Purpose
The purpose of this paper is to analyze the influence of underwear on the microenvironment of human clothing.

Design/methodology/approach
Based on the basic laws of energy and mass conservation, the paper combined the theory of heat and mass transfer to establish the simulation of the influence of underwear on human thermal reaction in microclimate and prediction model of human thermal reaction law.

Findings
The impact on the microenvironment affected by tighter underwear is less than the effect of loose underwear and computational flow dynamics (CFD) can accurately predict the thermal reaction parameters’ values of the human body.

Originality/value
It can be effectively used for the prediction of heat exchange between human body and environment in high-temperature environment and human thermophysiological parameters, and overcomes the individual differences of human experiments and the danger and repeatability of high-temperature environmental experiments.
Computational analysis of span-wise hole locations on fluid flow and film cooling of internal channels with crescent ribs
Authors: Zhang Guohua , Liu Xueting , Sundén Bengt Ake , Xie Gongnan 
Published: July 2019

Purpose
This study aims to clarify the mechanism of film hole location at the span-wise direction of an internal cooling channel with crescent ribs on the adiabatic film cooling performance, three configurations are designed to observe the effects of the distance between the center of the ellipse and the side wall(Case 1, l = w/2, Case 2, l = w/3 and for Case 3, l = w/4).

Design/methodology/approach
Numerical simulations are conducted under two blowing ratios (i.e. 0.5 and 1) and a fixed cross-flow Reynolds number (Rec = 100,000) with a verified turbulence model.

Findings
It is shown that at low blowing ratio, reducing the distance increases the film cooling effectiveness but keeps the trend of the effectiveness unchanged, while at high blowing ratio, the characteristic is a little bit different in the range of 0 = x/D = 10.

Research limitations/implications
These features could be explained by the fact that shrinking the distance between the hole and side wall induces a much smaller reserved region and vortex downstream the ribs and a lower resistance for cooling air entering the film hole. Furthermore, the spiral flow inside the hole is impaired.

Originality/value
As a result, the kidney-shaped vortices originating from the jet flow are weakened, and the target surface can be well covered, resulting in an enhancement of the adiabatic film cooling performance.
A cost trajectory to environmentally adaptive building construction in wet humid settings
Authors: Amadi Alolote , Higham Anthony Paul 
Published: July 2019

Purpose
The purpose of this paper is to focus on the ongoing discourse centred on enhancing building performance to provide an interpretation of life cycle cost (LCC) analysis, directly applicable to building construction in coastal areas located in tropical wet–humid settings.

Design/methodology/approach
A survey of 50 buildings based on physical observation is carried out to identify typical failure patterns in wet‒humid environment. Further, a comparative initial construction cost and LCC analysis is computed for two alternative building schemes with identical floor plans: Scheme A using sound construction and detailing to guard against future maintenance problems and Scheme B adopting the typical designs evident in the study area.

Findings
The result of the analysis shows that in the long-run scheme, A is an economically more viable option than B, as the increased initial costs are entirely offset by the reduced running cost.

Research limitations/implications
The contextual nature of LCC analysis poses difficulties in applying the evidence provided in this study to provide a generalisable financial justification to buildings clients.

Practical implications
The outcome of the study provides analytical validation to overcome resistances and enables informed decision making by clients, which is necessary to promote transition from conventional to environmentally responsive design choices suitable to wet–humid conditions.

Originality/value
The study provides an interpretation of LCC analysis, directly applicable to building construction in the tropical wet–humid setting of coastal areas against the backdrop of inconsistencies in the practical application of the theory of LCC.