bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Risk society online: Zika virus, social media and distrust in the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention
Authors: Laurent‐Simpson Andrea , Lo Celia C. 
Published: April 2019

AbstractWhile social construction of illness research has examined the redefinition of medically defined illness as non‐illness by laypersons, nothing has considered this process alongside emerging infectious diseases (EIDs). Using Gidden's notion of modern risk society and distrust in expert authority, this paper examines how social media posts construct Zika virus as nonhazardous while displaying a distrust in research and prevention. Using qualitative content analysis, we examine 801 posts on the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention's (CDC) Facebook page to highlight the interplay between risk, the social construction of Zika and trust in experts. Three themes are discussed, including Zika: (i) as legitimate public health threat; (ii) as product of CDC corruption and (iii) used to question medical expertise. We find the latter two themes supportive of Gidden's focus on risk and distrust in expert authority and discuss the danger of constructing EIDs as products of corrupt expert authority on public health social media platforms.
How do Personal Real Estate Transactions Affect Productivity and Risk Taking? Evidence from Professional Asset Managers
Authors: Ling David C. , Lu Yan , Ray Sugata 
Published: April 2019

AbstractWe examine the personal real estate transactions of professional asset managers to understand the effect of these transactions on professional productivity and risk proclivities. We find that real estate acquisitions lead to distractions, as evidenced by reduced performance, less active trading, and increased susceptibility to behavioral biases such as the disposition effect. We also find evidence that managers tend to increase the riskiness of their professional portfolios after real estate purchases, especially when purchasing investment properties and when purchases use extensive leverage. This suggests consistent risk‐taking appetites across personal and professional portfolios.
How do Interest Rate Changes Affect Mortgage Curtailments? Evidence from China
Authors: Kuang Weida , Liu Chunlin , Wu Qun , Zeng Hongchao 
Published: April 2019

AbstractThis study uses a unique data set of adjustable‐rate mortgages in China to investigate the effect of interest rate changes on mortgage curtailments. A distributed lag model shows that on average, the cumulative curtailment over four months increases by about RMB 1,856 in response to a 1 percentage point increase in interest rates. Further analyses show that the degree of responsiveness of mortgage curtailments depends on the direction of the interest rate changes: curtailments are more responsive to interest rate increases than to decreases. We also find significant heterogeneity in borrowers’ curtailment responses.
Single‐Needle Intensive Granulocyte and Monocyte Adsorptive Apheresis Is Suitable for Elderly Patients With Active Ulcerative Colitis Taking no Corticosteroids or Biologics
Authors: Fukuchi Takumi , Koga Hideaki , Kaichi Shinji , Ishikawa Akira , Horita Takahisa , Araki Ryota , Yokota Atsushi , Namba Yukiomi , Kyo Masahiro , Eguchi Takaaki , Shimazu Keiji 
Published: April 2019

AbstractTwice‐weekly intensive granulocyte/monocyte adsorptive apheresis is effective and safe for ulcerative colitis, but maintaining two blood access routes is problematic. We previously reported that intensive granulocyte/monocyte adsorptive apheresis using a single needle in ulcerative colitis is effective and safe. We hypothesized that the efficacy and safety of single‐needle intensive granulocyte/monocyte adsorptive apheresis for ulcerative colitis would especially benefit the elderly. We enrolled 17 elderly ulcerative colitis patients to receive single‐needle intensive granulocyte/monocyte adsorptive apheresis, 27 elderly ulcerative colitis patients to receive double‐needle intensive granulocyte/monocyte adsorptive apheresis, and 52 nonelderly ulcerative colitis patients to receive single‐needle intensive granulocyte/monocyte adsorptive apheresis. Remission and mucosal healing rates after treatment did not differ significantly between elderly ulcerative colitis patients receiving single‐needle apheresis and the other two groups. In addition, no serious adverse effects, including blood clots, were observed in single‐needle intensive granulocyte/monocyte adsorptive apheresis patients. Single‐needle intensive granulocyte/monocyte adsorptive apheresis might be a novel alternative therapeutic option for elderly ulcerative colitis patients before considering corticosteroids.
Systematic review of depression and anxiety in psoriatic arthritis
Authors: Kamalaraj Narainraj , El‐Haddad Carlos , Hay Phillipa , Pile Kevin 
Published: April 2019

AbstractAimTo investigate the point prevalence of depression and anxiety in psoriatic arthritis and putative reductions in these comorbidities with the treatment of psoriatic arthritis.MethodWe performed a systematic review in accordance with PRISMA guidelines examining point prevalence of depression and anxiety in psoriatic arthritis as well as effects of treatment for psoriatic arthritis on these psychiatric comorbidities. MEDLINE, EMBASE, EBM Reviews and Cochrane, and PsycINFO were searched from inception to October 2017. Quality of studies was assessed using the Joanna Briggs Institute Checklist for Prevalence Studies. Study and population characteristics were extracted and entered into an electronic database for subsequent descriptive and meta‐analysis of point prevalence.ResultThree studies matched inclusion criteria with significant statistical heterogeneity. The prevalence of depression ranged between 9%‐22% and anxiety between 15%‐30% in patients with psoriatic arthritis. One study matched inclusion criteria for treatment effect analysis, albeit with a high risk of bias and illustrated a benefit of etanercept on the prevalence of depression (9% vs 16%) and anxiety (14% vs 30%) after 24 weeks of treatment.ConclusionThis is the first systematic review of point prevalence of depression and anxiety in patients with psoriatic arthritis. There is a moderate point prevalence of both depression and anxiety in patients with psoriatic arthritis, which is similar or slightly higher than the general population and comparable to that seen in other rheumatic diseases. The effects of treatment for psoriatic arthritis on comorbid depression and anxiety remain unclear.
Significant association of DRD2 enhancer variant rs12364283 with heroin addiction in a Pakistani population
Authors: Jabeen Shagufta , Pinsonneault Julia K. , Sadee Wolfgang , Lee Sung‐Ha , Zafar Muhammad Mobeen , Raja Muhammad Saqlain , Raja Ghazala Kaukab 
Published: April 2019

AbstractThe dopamine D2 receptor encoded by DRD2 has been implicated in multiple psychiatric disorders, mediated at least in part by two intronic variants affecting mRNA splicing, rs1076560 and rs2283265, and a less frequent enhancer variant, rs12364283, which increases DRD2 mRNA expression. This study tests whether these functionally validated variants confer susceptibility toward heroin addiction in a Pakistani population. A total of 540 heroin addicts and 467 healthy controls were genotyped, basic allele and genotype tests were performed. Neither rs1076560 nor rs2283265 significantly associated with heroin addiction. The enhancer rs12364283 occurs more frequently in heroin‐dependent cases than controls (MAF 13% vs. 7%, respectively), revealing significant association with heroin addiction (p = 3.0E‐06, OR 2.1). This study identifies rs12364283 of DRD2 as a potential risk factor for heroin addiction in the Pakistani study population. This enhancer variant had been shown to increase DRD2 mRNA expression, a possible factor in increased vulnerability to heroin addiction. Further studies are needed to validate this association of rs12364283.
The Fragility Index in peri‐operative randomised trials that reported significant mortality effects in adults
Authors: Bertaggia L. , Baiardo Redaelli M. , Lembo R. , Sartini C. , Cuffaro R. , Corrao F. , Zangrillo A. , Landoni G. , Bellomo R. 
Published: April 2019

SummaryMore than one million peri‐operative patients die each year. Thus, small improvements in peri‐operative care may save thousands of lives. However, clinicians need confidence in the robustness of trial findings. The Fragility Index may complement frequentist analysis and provide quantitative assessment of robustness. We searched MEDLINE for peri‐operative critical care randomised controlled trials that reported a statistically significant difference in mortality. We identified 46 trials with 37,347 participants. The median (IQR [range]) Fragility Index was 2 (1–3 [0–49]). Eleven trials had a Fragility Index of zero (changing from the Chi‐square test to Fisher's exact test removed significance) and seven trials had a Fragility Index of 1. Only 23/46 trials had a Fragility Index greater than the number of patients lost to follow‐up. There was a strong positive correlation between the Fragility Index and: the number of participants, R2 = 0.97, p < 0.0001; the number of centres that recruited participants, R2 = 0.96, p < 0.0001; the number of nations that recruited participants, R2 = 0.93, p < 0.0001; and the number of deaths, R2 = 0.97, p < 0.0001. As measured by the Fragility Index, the effect of peri‐operative interventions on mortality in individual randomised controlled trials are not robust.
Cord blood fatty acid‐binding protein‐4 levels are upregulated at both ends of the birthweight spectrum
Authors: Papathanasiou Aimilia Eirini , Briana Despina D. , Gavrili Stavroula , Georgantzi Sophia , Papathoma Evangelia , Marmarinos Antonios , Christou Christos , Voulgaris Konstantinos , Gourgiotis Dimitrios , Malamitsi‐Puchner Ariadne 
Published: April 2019

AbstractAimFatty acid‐binding protein‐4 (FABP4) is an adipokine associated with obesity and signs of the metabolic syndrome. We aimed to investigate at birth in term neonates with normal and abnormal intrauterine growth concentrations of FABP4 and associate them with various perinatal parameters.MethodsSerum cord blood FABP4 levels were prospectively determined by ELISA in 80 singleton term appropriate‐for‐gestational‐age (AGA), intrauterine growth‐restricted (IUGR) and large‐for‐gestational‐age (LGA) neonates.ResultsCompared to the AGA group, cord blood FABP4 levels were increased in the IUGR and LGA groups. Additionally, they were higher in early‐term than full‐term neonates. A significant U‐shaped correlation was recorded between serum FABP4 levels and birthweight. A significant negative correlation between cord blood FABP4 and gestational age in the whole study population was noted.ConclusionCord blood FABP4 levels were significantly higher at the extremes of foetal growth at term and negatively correlated with gestational age, being increased in early‐term versus full‐term neonates. Further longitudinal studies with larger sample sizes are required to elucidate FABP4 implication in foetal growth and its association with future adverse cardiometabolic outcomes in the offspring.
Neurophysiological effects of multiple mood episodes in bipolar disorder
Authors: Borgelt Logan , Strakowski Stephen M. , DelBello Melissa P. , Weber Wade , Eliassen James C. , Komoroski Richard A. , Chu Wen‐Jang , Welge Jeffrey A. , Blom Thomas J. , Rummelhoff Emily , Tallman Maxwell , Lee Jing‐Huei , Adler Caleb M. 
Published: April 2019

AbstractObjectivesBipolar disorder is marked by progressive symptomatic changes, which have been linked with episode‐related structural findings—particularly in the prefrontal cortex. However, few studies have examined neurofunctional and neurochemical effects of disease burden. In this study, we compared first‐ and multi‐episode bipolar individuals. We hypothesized that the latter would demonstrate evidence of neurophysiological differences consistent with a model of progressive functional degradation of these networks.MethodsFirst‐ and multi‐episode manic bipolar subjects participated in functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) including a continuous performance task with emotional distractors, and in single‐voxel (1H) magnetic resonance spectroscopy (MRS). A priori fMRI regions‐of‐interest (ROI) included structures comprising prefrontal‐striatal‐amygdala networks; (1H)MRS voxels were placed within bilateral ventrolateral prefrontal (VLPFC) and anterior cingulate cortex (ACC). Both ROI and voxel‐based brain activation in response to emotional stimuli, and neurochemical concentrations derived from (1H)MRS were compared across bipolar groups.ResultsMulti‐episode bipolar subjects showed relatively lower regional activation across prefrontal‐striatal‐amygdala networks, including bilateral VLPFC, orbitofrontal cortex, ACC, putamen, caudate, and amygdala. Exploratory whole‐brain, voxel‐based analysis suggested additional areas of lower activation extending into Brodmann area 22, posterior parietal regions, and right thalamus. Glutamate and N‐acetylaspartate (NAA) concentrations were also relatively lower in the ACC of multi‐episode subjects.ConclusionsDisease burden, exemplified by multiple affective episodes is associated with evidence of widespread decrements in affective network activity. Lower ACC NAA concentration is similarly consistent with a model of progressive functional deficits. These findings support the functional significance of previously observed progressive structural changes throughout these regions.
Childhood factors associated with increased risk for mood episode recurrences in bipolar disorder—A systematic review
Authors: Estrada‐Prat Xavier , Van Meter Anna R. , Camprodon‐Rosanas Ester , Batlle‐Vila Santiago , Goldstein Benjamin I. , Birmaher Boris 
Published: April 2019

AbstractBackgroundBipolar Disorder (BD) is a recurrent illness associated with high morbidity and mortality. The frequency of mood episode recurrence in BD is highly heterogeneous and significantly impacts the person's psychosocial functioning and well‐being. Understanding the factors associated with mood recurrences could inform the prognosis and treatment. The objective of this review is to summarize the literature on factors, present during childhood, that influence recurrence.MethodologyA systematic review of PubMed (1946‐2017) and PsycINFO (1884‐2017) databases was conducted to identify candidate studies. Search terms included bipolar disorder, episodes, predictors, recurrences, and course. Study characteristics, risk for bias, and factors associated with recurrence were coded by two raters according to predetermined criteria.ResultsTwenty child studies and 28 adult studies that retrospectively evaluated childhood variables associated with mood recurrences were included. Early age of onset, low socioeconomic status, comorbid disorders, inter‐episode subsyndromal mood symptoms, BD‐I/II subtypes, presence of stressors, and family history of BD were associated with higher number of recurrences.LimitationsRisk factors and mood recurrences were assessed and defined in different ways, limiting generalizability.ConclusionMultiple factors are associated with increased risk of mood episode recurrence in BD. Interventions targeting modifiable factors could reduce the impact of BD. For example, treatment of comorbid disorders and subsyndromal mood symptoms, coupled with appropriate cognitive behavioral and family‐focused therapies could ameliorate risk related to many clinical factors. When coupled with social services to address environmental factors, the number of episodes could be reduced and the course of BD significantly improved.
Neurodevelopmental and health‐related quality‐of‐life outcomes in adolescence after surgery for congenital heart disease in infancy
Authors: Wotherspoon Jane M , Eagleson Karen J , Gilmore Linda , Auld Benjamin , Hirst Anne , Johnson Susan , Stocker Christian , Heussler Helen , Justo Robert N 
Published: April 2019

AimTo assess outcomes in adolescence after surgery for congenital heart disease (CHD) in infancy. Domains analysed included cognition and executive function, social and emotional well‐being, adaptive behaviour, academic achievement, and health‐related quality of life (HRQoL).MethodTwenty‐one participants (10 males, 11 females) ranged in age from 14 to 17 years (mean 15y 4.8mo, SD 8.4mo). Twenty had biventricular repairs. All were classified as New York Heart Association class I. Measures included: Wechsler Intelligence and Achievement scales; Wide Range Assessment of Memory and Learning, Second Edition; California Verbal Learning Test – Children's Version; Behaviour Rating Inventory of Executive Function; Conners, Third Edition; Adaptive Behavior Assessment System, Second Edition; Behavior Assessment System for Children, Second Edition; Rey–Osterrieth Complex Figure; and Pediatric Quality of Life Inventory.ResultsOutcomes were significantly lower (p≤0.01) than population norms for processing speed, mathematical achievement, attention, and visual–spatial ability. Participants reported more frequent learning problems but more positive family relations. HRQoL was significantly lower across most domains by self‐ and parent‐proxy report.InterpretationIndividuals with CHD may experience difficulties across a range of domains. These findings emphasize the importance of comprehensive screening, early intervention, and long‐term follow‐up, as deficits may extend into young adulthood.What this paper adds

Identified cognitive, learning, and attentional impairments in adolescents after congenital heart disease surgery in infancy.

Combined self‐report, caregiver report, and laboratory tasks in a comprehensive neurodevelopmental assessment protocol.

Health‐related quality of life was lower across most domains.
Phenomenological reduction in Merleau‐Ponty's The Structure of Behavior: An alternative approach to the naturalization of phenomenology
Authors: Kee Hayden 
Published: April 2019

AbstractApproaches to the naturalization of phenomenology usually understand naturalization as a matter of rendering continuous the methods, epistemologies, and ontologies of phenomenological and natural scientific inquiry. Presupposed in this statement of the problematic, however, is that there is an original discontinuity, a rupture between phenomenology and the natural sciences that must be remedied. I propose that this way of thinking about the issue is rooted in a simplistic understanding of the phenomenological reduction that entails certain assumptions about the subject matter of phenomenology and its relationship to the natural sciences. By contrast, Merleau‐Ponty's first work, The Structure of Behavior, presents a radically different approach to the phenomenological reduction, one that traverses the natural sciences and integrates them into phenomenology from the outset. I outline the argument for this position in The Structure of Behavior and then discuss consequences for current methodological issues surrounding the naturalization of phenomenology, focusing on the relationship between empirical sciences of mind, phenomenological psychology, and transcendental phenomenology. This novel exegesis of Merleau‐Ponty's view on the reduction offers new insight into his oft‐quoted remark that the phenomenological reduction is impossible to complete.
Kant and the demandingness of the virtue of beneficence
Authors: Formosa Paul , Sticker Martin 
Published: April 2019

AbstractWe discuss Kant's conception of beneficence against the background of the overdemandingness debate. We argue that Kant's conception of beneficence constitutes a sweet spot between overdemandingness and undemandingness. To this end, we defend four key claims that together constitute a novel interpretation of Kant's account of beneficence: (1) For the same reason that we are obligated to be beneficent to others, we are permitted to be beneficent to ourselves; (2) we can prioritise our own ends; (3) it is more virtuous to do more rather than less when it comes to helping others; and (4) indifference to others is vicious. Finally, we explain how this represents a system of duties that gives our personal ends a moral standing without unacceptably moralising them.
Clinical study of 19 patients with SCN8A‐related epilepsy: Two modes of onset regarding EEG and seizures
Authors: Denis Julien , Villeneuve Nathalie , Cacciagli Pierre , Mignon‐Ravix Cecile , Lacoste Caroline , Lefranc Jeremie , Napuri Sylvia , Damaj Lena , Villega Frederic , Pedespan Jean‐Michel , Moutton Sebastien , Mignot Cyril , Doummar Diane , Lion‐François Laurence , Gataullina Svetlana , Dulac Olivier , Martin Melanie , Gueden Sophie , Lesca Gaetan , Julia Sophie , Cances Claude , Journel Hubert , Altuzarra Cecilia , Ben Zeev Bruria , Afenjar Alexandra , Barth Magalie , Villard Laurent , Milh Mathieu 
Published: April 2019

SummaryObjectiveTo describe the mode of onset of SCN8A‐related severe epilepsy in order to facilitate early recognition, and eventually early treatment with sodium channel blockers.MethodsWe reviewed the phenotype of patients carrying a mutation in the SCN8A gene, among a multicentric cohort of 638 patients prospectively followed by several pediatric neurologists. We focused on the way clinicians made the diagnosis of epileptic encephalopathy, the very first symptoms, electroencephalography (EEG) findings, and seizure types. We made genotypic/phenotypic correlation based on epilepsy‐associated missense variant localization over the protein.ResultsWe found 19 patients carrying a de novo mutation of SCN8A, representing 3% of our cohort, with 9 mutations being novel. Age at onset of epilepsy was 1 day to 16 months. We found two modes of onset: 12 patients had slowly emerging onset with rare and/or subtle seizures and normal interictal EEG (group 1). The first event was either acute generalized tonic–clonic seizure (GTCS; Group 1a, n = 6) or episodes of myoclonic jerks that were often mistaken for sleep‐related movements or other movement disorders (Group 1b, n = 6). Seven patients had a sudden onset of frequent tonic seizures or epileptic spasms with abnormal interictal EEG leading to rapid diagnosis of epileptic encephalopathy. Sodium channel blockers were effective or nonaggravating in most cases.SignificanceSCN8A is the third most prevalent early onset epileptic encephalopathy gene and is associated with two modes of onset of epilepsy.
Using fish models to investigate the links between microbiome and social behaviour: The next step for translational microbiome research?
Authors: Soares Marta C. , Cable Jo , Lima‐Maximino Monica G. , Maximino Caio , Xavier Raquel 
Published: April 2019

AbstractRecent research has revealed surprisingly important connections between animals’ microbiome and social behaviour. Social interactions can affect the composition and function of the microbiome; conversely, the microbiome affects social communication by influencing the hosts’ central nervous system and peripheral chemical communication. These discoveries set the stage for novel research focusing on the evolution and physiology of animal social behaviour in relation to microbial transmission strategies. Here, we discuss the emerging roles of teleost fish models and their potential for advancing research fields, linked to sociality and microbial regulation. We argue that fish models, such as the zebrafish (Danio rerio, Cyprinidae), sticklebacks (‎Gasterosteidae), guppies (Poeciliidae) and cleaner–client dyads (e.g., obligate cleaner fish from the Labridae and Gobiidae families and their visiting clientele), will provide valuable insights into the roles of microbiome in shaping social behaviour and vice versa, while also being of direct relevance to the food and ornamental fish trades. The diversity of fish behaviour warrants more interdisciplinary research, including microbiome studies, which should have a strong ecological (field‐derived) approach, together with laboratory‐based cognitive and neurobiological experimentation. The implications of such integrated approaches may be of translational relevance, opening new avenues for future investigation using fish models.