bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Narrative competence disparities between Children’s hospital and General hospital in China: A comparative survey
Authors: Jia Junjun , Zhang Rong , Jin Qi , Zhou Qinghua , Xu Yun 
Published: November 2024

Background
Narrative medicine was introduced in China in 2011 and has been applied as a tool for humane medical practice. The prominent problem in the narrative medicine is the lack of adequate attention and devotion. This study aimed to investigate Chinese medical staffs’ narrative competence and the influencing factors, confirming whether the level of narrative competence is different in different hospital settings.

Methods
A cross-sectional survey was conducted among 1003 medical staffs, including 201 from Children’s hospital and 802 from the General hospital. The participants were scored based on the Chinese narrative competence scale, a brief Chinese version of the resilience scale, and a Chinese version of the self-efficacy scale. Data were analyzed using IBM SPSS version 25.0.

Results
A total of 1003 medical staff from Children’s hospital and General hospital participated in the survey, with a response rate of 94.36%. Our results showed that the score of narrative competence of General hospital and Children’s hospital was 149.45±26.22 and 147.10±18.87, respectively, both of which were in intermediate level. Resilience, familiarity with narrative medicine were influencing factors of narrative competence in 2 kinds of hospitals, and whether having written parallel charts before were the influencing factors of narrative competence in General hospital. Besides, our study found that the level of narrative competence (χ2 = 13.672, p≤0.001), resilience score (personal ability dimension, t = 3.439, p≤0.001) and self-efficacy (t = 1.976, p<0.005) are different between General and Children’s hospital.

Conclusions
Narrative competence is different between General hospital and Children’s hospital. Medical staff in General hospital are more familiar with narrative medicine. The competence of medical staff in China needs to be improved.
Triglyceride-glucose index (TyG index) is associated with a higher risk of colorectal adenoma and multiple adenomas in asymptomatic subjects
Authors: Zhu Ziyue , Lam Thomas Yuen Tung , Tang Raymond Shing Yan , Wong Sunny Hei , Lui Rashid Nok Shun , Ng Simon Siu Man , Wong Samuel Yeung Shan , Sung Joseph Jao Yiu 
Published: November 2024

Hypothesis
The objective of this study is to evaluate the predictive ability of the TyG index for the presence of adenoma and multiple adenomas in an asymptomatic population.

Design
A secondary analysis was conducted on a prospective cohort of asymptomatic subjects aged between 50 and 75 who underwent CRC screening. Fasting blood glucose (FBG) and lipid profiles were measured within three months prior colonoscopy. TyG index was estimated as ln [fasting triglycerides (mg/dL) × FBG (mg/dL)/2]. Multivariate logistic regression was performed to assess the association between the TyG index and the risk of adenoma. Its association with multiple adenomas (≥5) and the continuous number of adenomas were assessed by multinomial regression and log-normal linear regression, respectively.

Results
A total of 1,538 subjects were recruited among which 876 subjects (57%) had at least one adenoma detected. Elevated TyG index was positively associated with the incidence of adenoma (adjusted odds ratio [aOR]: 1.26, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.04–1.54). Compared with the lowest TyG index (≤ 8) group, the risk of adenoma was the highest among subjects in the highest TyG index (> 10) group (aOR: 3.36, 95% CI: 1.44–7.73). As compared to the non-adenoma group, the TyG index was also positively associated with multiple adenomas (aOR: 1.74, 95% CI: 1.17–2.57), and the estimate was also the highest in the highest TyG group (aOR: 14.49, 95% CI: 3.12–67.20). As for the number of adenomas, the positive association was maintained (Estimates: 1.06, 95% CI: 1.01–1.12) while the number of adenomas increase the most in the highest TyG index group (Estimates: 1.35, 95% CI: 1.10–1.65).

Conclusions
Elevated TyG index is associated with an increased risk of colorectal adenoma and an increased number of adenomas for asymptomatic subjects aged ≥50.

Trial registration
This study was registered on clinicaltrials.gov (NCT03597204 and NCT04034953).
Perceived attitudes toward LGBTQ+ physicians among Thai patients with psychiatric disorder: A multiregional cross-sectional study
Authors: Pitanupong Jarurin , Sathaporn Katti , Ittasakul Pichai , Karawekpanyawong Nuntaporn , Sangkool Jaturaporn , Putthisri Suwannee 
Published: November 2024

Purpose
This study aims to examine attitudes toward LGBTQ+ (lesbian, gay, bisexual, transgender, queer or questioning, and more) physicians among Thai psychiatric patients and to identify associated factors across three regions of Thailand.

Patients and methods
A cross-sectional survey was conducted from June to August 2023 in Central, Northern, and Southern Thailand. The Attitudes Toward LGBTQ+ Physician Questionnaire and a patient-doctor relationship questionnaire were utilized. Data analysis involved descriptive statistics and linear regression.

Results
The study included 543 participants with a median age of 37 years (IQR 26–52), predominantly female (68.9%) and Buddhist (78.1%). The median score for perceived attitudes toward LGBTQ+ physicians was 86 (IQR 73.0–95.5), with significant regional variations. Most participants perceived LGBTQ+ physicians as normal (85.5%) and integral to society (94.5%). A significant portion disagreed with the idea that being an LGBTQ+ physician was sinful (85.3%) or immoral (84.0%). However, 20.3% expressed discomfort with the possibility of LGBTQ+ physicians conducting private physical examinations. Lower perceived attitudes were associated with older age and being Muslim. Conversely, higher education, female gender, having LGBTQ+ connections, and a reported gender non-conformity showed a correlation with more positive attitudes.

Conclusion
Thai psychiatric patients generally hold positive attitudes toward LGBTQ+ physicians, though demographic factors influence these attitudes. There needs to be a particular focus on improving attitudes regarding conducting private physical examinations to maximize patient comfort and trust.
Burden of mortality and its predictors among TB-HIV co-infected patients in Ethiopia: Systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Kassaw Amare , Kefale Demewoz , Aytenew Tigabu Munye , Azmeraw Molla , Agimas Muluken Chanie , Zeleke Shegaw , Sinshaw Mastewal Ayehu , Dessalegn Nigatu , Asferie Worku Necho 
Published: November 2024

Background
Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) and tuberculosis (TB) are still the two major deadly pandemics globally, causes 167,000 deaths in 2022. The two lethal combinations pose a substantial challenge to public health, especially in areas with high burden of both diseases such as Sub-Saharan Africa including Ethiopia. However, there is no study that showed national figure on mortality of TB/HIV co-infected patients. Hence, this review intended to provide pooled mortality rate and its predictors among patients co- infected with twin pandemics.

Methods
Using reputable electronic data bases, primary studies were searched from January 25 to February 5, 2024. The review included papers published in English language conducted between 2004 and 2024. Heterogeneity between included studies was evaluated using Cochrane Q-test and the I2 statistics. Sub-group analysis was done to mitigate significant heterogeneity. Sensitivity analysis was also done to evaluate the effect of single studies on pooled estimated result.

Results
In this systematic review and meta-analysis a total of 5,210 study participants were included from 15 primary studies. The review disclosed that the pooled proportion and incidence of mortality were 18.73% (95% CI: 15.92-20.83) and 4.94 (95% CI: 2.98-6.89) respectively. Being bedridden and ambulatory functional status, poor ART adherence, CD4 count below the threshold (<200 cells/mm3), advanced WHO clinical staging, not provision of cotrimoxazole and isoniazid preventing therapy, anemia and extra pulmonary TB were significant predictors of mortality.

Conclusion and recommendations
The analyzed data of this systematic review and meta-analysis depicted that the national pooled proportion and incidence of mortality among TB-HIV co-infected patients were considered to be still high. The authors strongly recommended scale up and continuous provision of cotrimoxazole and isoniazid preventive therapy. In addition, early identification and treatment of anemia will greatly halt the high burden of mortality. Generally, to reduce mortality and improve survival, a collaborative effort is mandatory to emphasize close follow up of patients with identified predictors.
Automated mapping of electronic data capture fields to SDTM
Authors: Yang Eric , Katz Laura , Shenoy Sushila 
Published: November 2024

Objective
The goal of this work is to reduce the amount of manual work required to go from data capture to regulatory submission. It will be shown that the use of Siamese networks will allow for the generation of embeddings that can be used by traditional machine learning classifiers to perform the classification at much higher levels of accuracy than standard approaches.

Methods
Siamese networks are a method for training data embeddings such that data within the same class are closer with respect to a given distance metric than they are to data points in another class. Because they are designed to learn similarity within pairs of data points, they work well in situations where the number of classes is relatively large compared to the number of training samples. In this work, we will show that embeddings generated via a Siamese network from metadata associated with electronic data capture forms can be used to predict the associated SDTM field.

Results
With a relatively simple network coupled with a basic classification algorithm, the proposed method can achieve accuracies greater than 90%, which is significantly higher than what has been achieved with traditional methods, with many of the inaccurate mappings due to a lack of training data. In many cases, there is a 15% increase in accuracy vs. more traditional methods.

Conclusion
Leveraging Siamese networks, it is possible to generate embeddings that efficiently represent data fields in a lower dimensional space. This allows the creation of a system that can automatically map between data schemas at high levels of accuracy. Such systems represent the first step in automating one of the many labor-intensive data management tasks associated with clinical trials.
Comparative analysis of state-level policy responses in global health governance: A scoping review using COVID-19 as a case
Authors: Tang Fengyuan , Yang Wenqianzi , Wu Weijia , Yao Yewen , Yang Yi , Zheng Qiyi , Maireyi Baheti , Jin Shengxuan , Dong Hengjin 
Published: November 2024

Background
States are key actors in global health governance, particularly in the prevention and control of infectious diseases. The emergence and re-emergence of infectious diseases in recent decades pose profound challenges to global health security. As the first coronavirus pandemic, the COVID-19 caused significant damage worldwide, but responses and outcomes varied greatly among states. Using COVID-19 as an example, this study aims to compare the policies and measures implemented by different states during the COVID-19 pandemic and to synthesize experiences to strengthen global health governance for future infectious disease crises.

Methods
We used Arksey and O’Malley’s five-stage scoping review framework and PRISMA methodology was used for literature search and decision on relevant studies. English databases were searched using combinations of keywords and articles examining COVID-19 prevention and control policies in representative countries were included. A comparative analysis across these four states (United States, Sweden, India, and Nigeria) was then conducted to analyse the differences, rationale, and challenges of the approaches taken by these states.

Results
A total of 36 studies were included in the analysis. The management of the COVID-19 by states is divided into two main categories: domestic governance and international governance. Domestically, the United States and India have taken more measures, yet notable disparities in infection source control, transmission interruption, vulnerable population protection, collaborative governance, and so on were observed among all four states. Globally, the United States and Sweden were more proactive in international governance, and all four states have variations in their adherence to global regulations, information sharing, resource distribution, and cooperative engagement.

Conclusions
Significant disparities occurred during the response to early COVID-19 in four states, which may be due to differences in politics, economy, and culture. To prevent and mitigate the impact of infectious diseases, states should, in future, prioritize solidarity and cooperation, and improve governance domestically and internationally based on national contexts and global health principles.
„Wir machen’s einfach!“ – Oder doch nicht? Ein Erfahrungsbericht zur Einführung der landeseinheitlichen E-Akte in Rheinland-Pfalz und ihren Folgen für Anbietung und Aussonderung
Authors: Dorfey Beate 
Published: November 2024

Zusammenfassung
Ein neues System zur Erstellung elektronischer Unterlagen einzuführen auf der Basis rein digitaler Workflows mit übergreifenden Standards in Schriftgutmanagement ist immer eine Herausforderung, besonders, wenn wir von der öffentlichen Verwaltung sprechen, die bislang stark auf Papierakten fokussiert war. Die Bereitschaft zu Veränderungen in den Arbeitsprozessen und Kommunikationswegen ist in der öffentlichen Verwaltung ohnehin nicht allzu ausgeprägt, die Bedeutung eines umfassenden und attraktiven Changemanagements kann daher nicht überschätzt werden. Ein Landesarchiv steht dabei vor einer doppelten Herausforderung: Nicht nur müssen wir selbst mit den neuen digitalen Prozessen und Unterlagen zurechtkommen, sondern wir müssen gleichzeitig die Rahmenbedingungen für einen standardisierten Aussonderungsprozess entwickeln. Dank eines professionellen Projektmanagements stellte sich die Einführung der E-Akte als die deutlich einfachere Aufgabe heraus, als die Entwicklung einer funktionierenden Aussonderungsschnittstelle, auf die wir bis heute warten.
The impact of drying and extraction methods on total lipid, fatty acid profile, and cytotoxicity of Tenebrio molitor larvae
Authors: Abutaha Nael , AL-Mekhlafi Fahd A. 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
The rising cultivation of edible insects at an industrial level highlights the importance of employing appropriate post-harvest methods for processing safe and fine-quality insect-based products. The study investigated the impact of different drying and extraction methods on the quality of Tenebrio molitor larvae powder. Two drying treatments, microwave and oven drying, were evaluated followed by total lipid extraction using various methods. Soxhlet extraction with an n-hexane–EtOH (3:1) mixture was effective, yielding 37.85% (microwave) and 38.85% (oven). The highest fatty acid (FA) content was 9-octadecenoic acid, methyl ester (E)-(C18:1). The Schlechtriem and Bligh and Dyer (BD) methods resulted in higher total lipid yields, with BD yielding 56.66% in oven-dried samples. FA profiles were consistent, with monounsaturated FAs predominant. Oven-dried samples had higher saturated FAs. Phenolic content was greater in oven-dried samples, with the n-hexane–EtOH extraction showing the highest total phenolic content (0.09 ± 0.02 mg GAE/100 mg). BD extract from oven-dried samples was the most cytotoxic, significantly reducing cell survival against A549 cells (IC50 = 458.6 µg/mL) and inducing apoptosis at 250 µg/mL. This study underscores the importance of post-harvest methods in producing high-quality insect-based products, revealing that oven drying and specific solvent extractions can enhance total lipid yield, phenolic content, and cytotoxic effects on cancer cells.
Therapeutic role of respiratory exercise in patients with tuberculous pleurisy
Authors: Ma ZengXia , Liu GuiMei , Qiao GaoFeng , Shen ChangMing , Wang Cheng 
Published: November 2024

Abstract

Objective
To observe the efficacy of respiratory exercise in patients with tuberculous pleurisy (TBP).

Methods
A randomized controlled study was conducted including 146 patients diagnosed with TBP and undergoing pleural effusion drainage in Shandong Public Health Clinical Center from June 2020 to December 2022, and the patients were randomly divided into the control group and the respiratory exercise observation group. Pleural effusion drainage time, the difference of pulmonary function, and the degree of pleural hypertrophy between the two groups at 1 and 3 months after treatment were studied.

Results
Compared with the control group, the pleural effusion drainage time of the observation group was shortened, and there was no significant difference between the two groups in terms of lung function and the degree of pleural hypertrophy at 1 month after treatment, while the lung function indexes and the degree of pleural hypertrophy of the observation group were significantly improved compared with that of the control group at 3 months after treatment.

Conclusion
Respiratory exercise can shorten the drainage time of effusion in patients with TBP, and help to improve lung function and alleviate pleural hypertrophy adhesion.
Framing of Civil Society Organizations’ Communication on Facebook: Examining the Impact on Audience Engagement in Norway
Authors: Enjolras Bernard 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
Public support is crucial for mitigating and adapting to the effects of climate change. Civil Society Organizations (CSOs) play a significant role in normative governance aimed at influencing attitudes and mobilizing citizens to take action. Civil society organizations (CSOs) use digital media to this purpose. The framing of information presented by CSOs has been shown to shape how people perceive and respond to it. This paper aims to examine how cognitive or topical framing and moral foundational framing interact in predicting public engagement with CSOs’ communication about climate change on Facebook. To this end, several computational methods – including topic modeling, semantic network analysis, and automatic text processing based on a Moral Foundations dictionary – are combined, using data gathered on Facebook. The results of the empirical analysis reveal that CSOs use different topical frames and moral foundations in order to influence policymakers and mobilize citizens. CSOs elicit most engagement on Facebook when they combine a “Climate mobilization” topical frame with the moral foundations of care and fairness pertaining to the ethics of autonomy.
Epidemiologic Features and Evidence of New Subtypes of Cryptosporidium parvum in Diarrheic Calves in Egypt
Authors: Hosein Hosein I. , Rouby Sherin R. , Aziz Sahar Abdel Aleem Abdel , Abo-Elwafa Mostafa , Menshawy Ahmed M. S. , Abdel-Ra’ouf Aml M. , Madkour Bahaa S. , Ghonaim Ahmed H. 
Published: November 2024

Objectives:
The objectives of the current study were to determine the prevalence of Cryptosporidium spp. infections in diarrheic calves reared in different localities in Egypt under different management systems, to clarify the role of the associated epidemiologic risk factors, and to identify the circulating Cryptosporidium spp. on molecular basis.

Methods:
A total of 222 diarrheic calves (180 cattle and 42 buffaloes) were used in this study. The presence of the protozoan was proven by microscopic screening of the oocysts using a modified Ziehl-Neelsen staining technique followed by two-step nested PCR for the gp60 gene.

Results:

Cryptosporidium oocysts were detected microscopically in 75 of 222 (33.78%) fecal samples, of which 71 (39.44 %) fecal samples were obtained from cattle calves and 4 (9.52 %) fecal samples were obtained from buffalo calves. The gp60 gene-based PCR was positive in 63 (84%) fecal samples, of which 59 (83.1%) fecal samples were obtained from cattle calves and 4 (100 %) fecal samples were obtained from buffalo calves. The sequences belonged to C. parvum subtype family IIa; an important zoonotic C. parvum. C. parvum isolates in this study belonged to an uncommon C. parvum subtype family, especially ACATCA preceding the trinucleotide repeat. Different risk epidemiologic factors were verified to influence the prevalence of Cryptosporidium spp. infections in the current study.

Conclusions:
The high prevalence recorded in this study and the enzootic nature of cryptosporidiosis in calves have been evidenced in this study in different localities in Egypt associated with lack of hygienic measures as well as different epidemiologic variables. Further studies are needed to illustrate the effect of heterogenicity of the obtained sequences on the biology of the parasite with public health significance.
Multitasking Practice Eliminates Modality-Based Interference by Separating Task Representations in Sensory Brain Regions
Authors: Mueckstein Marie , Görgen Kai , Heinzel Stephan , Granacher Urs , Rapp Michael A. , Stelzel Christine 
Published: November 2024

The debate on the neural basis of multitasking costs evolves around neural overlap between concurrently performed tasks. Recent evidence suggests that training-related reductions in representational overlap in fronto-parietal brain regions predict multitasking improvements. Cognitive theories assume that overlap of task representations may lead to unintended information exchange between tasks (i.e., crosstalk). Modality-based crosstalk was suggested as a source for multitasking costs in multisensory settings. Robust findings of increased costs for certain modality mappings may be explained by crosstalk between the stimulus modality in one task and sensory action consequences in the concurrently performed task. Whether modality-based crosstalk emerges from representational overlap in general fronto-parietal multitasking regions or modality-specific regions is not known yet. In this functional neuroimaging study, we investigate neural overlap during multitasking performance in humans, focusing on modality compatibility by employing multivariate pattern analysis and modality-specific practice interventions in three groups (total
N
= 54, 24 females). We observed significant differences between modality compatible and modality incompatible single-task representations, specifically in the auditory cortex but not in fronto-parietal regions. Notably, improved auditory decoding accuracy related to modality incompatible tasks was predictive of performance gains in the corresponding dual task along with complete elimination of modality-specific dual-task costs. This predictive relationship was evident only in the group practicing modality incompatible mappings, suggesting that specific practice on task sets with modality overlap influenced both neural representations and subsequent multitasking performance. This study contributes to the integration of cognitive theory and neuroscience and the role of task representations in dual-task interference.