bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Evaluation of secondary prevention of noncommunicable diseases at the outpatient healthcare level in the Commonwealth of Independent States countries
Authors: Mamedov M. N. , Kutsenko V. A. , Seisembekov T. Z. , Mekhdiev S. Kh. , Yakubova L. V. , Kezhun L. V. , Murkamilov I. T. , Kauzbay Zh. A. , Zholdin B. , Drapkina O. M. 
Published: November 2024

Aim. To conduct a survey among doctors in 4 countries of the Com­mon­wealth of Independent States (CIS) to assess the effectiveness of se­condary prevention of noncommunicable diseases in outpatient health­care.Material and methods. Outpatient healthcare physicians from 6 cities in 4 neighboring countries participated in the cross-sectional study. A total of 210 physicians of the internal medicine profile took part in the survey: Bishkek (Kyrgyzstan) — 42 physicians, Minsk (Belarus) — 37 physicians, Astana, Shymkent, Aktobe (Kazakhstan) — 55, 30, 10 physicians, respectively, Baku (Azerbaijan) — 36 physicians. The survey was carried out using an original questionnaire of the National Medical Research Center for Therapy and Preventive Medicine, which consisted of 11 blocks of questions. Answers in several gradations were offered for each question.Results. In 3 countries, among men who sought primary care in health care institutions, patients in the age range of 50-59 years prevailed, while in Azerbaijan, men aged 60-65 years dominated. In the CIS countries, patients most often seek medical attention at a outpatient clinic due to chronic coronary artery disease. In Azerbaijan, Kazakhstan and Belarus, the number of patients with type 2 diabetes with or without complications is >20%. Doctors in large cities of the CIS countries do not recommend non-drug treatment methods in up to 10% of cases. Subsidized pharmaceutical provision varies slightly between the analyzed cities. In Kazakhstan and Belarus, 70% of doctors note reaching 75% of the target indicators. In Kyrgyzstan and Azerbaijan, a similar level is achieved 2-3 times less often. In Kazakhstan, Belarus and Kyrgyzstan, a relatively high frequency is noted (satisfaction in 75% of cases), while Azerbaijani doctors claim that 52% are dissatisfied and 44% are partially satisfied with the interaction with specialized hospital-based doctors. In Azerbaijan and Belarus, 75% staffing of outpatient doctors in medical and preventive institutions prevails. In Kyrgyzstan, 100% staffing is detected in 84% of cases. At the same time, in Kazakhstan, 50% and 75% staffing has a comparable frequency. In these countries, a similar picture is observed in terms of provision of mid-level outpatient health workers.Conclusion. Among patients with noncommunicable diseases ob­served in outpatient clinics, patients with coronary heart disease and type 2 diabetes predominate. Adherence to therapy in every second case is at an insufficient level. Coverage of subsidized drugs and achievement of target levels of the main risk factors among patients is on average 60% of cases. In 3 of the 4 analyzed CIS countries, there are problems with staffing with doctors and medical staff.
Preoperative risk factors for cardiovascular events in non-cardiac surgery
Authors: Murashko S. S. , Berns S. A. , Pasechnik I. N. 
Published: November 2024

Aim. To identify preoperative factors associated with any cardiovas­cular events (AnyCVE), and to develop an AnyCVE risk index based on them.Material and methods. This single-center retrospective cohort study included patients who underwent non-cardiac surgery in 2018 and 2020. Depending on the outcomes, 2 groups of patients with AnyCVE and without AnyCVE at the hospital stage after non-cardiac surgeries were identified. A comparative analysis of >60 preoperative factors reflecting the patient's condition and elective surgical intervention was performed. An analysis of the associative relationship of preoperative indicators with the probability of AnyCVE was carried out; a prognostic model (PM) was built, based on which a simple risk index of AnyCVE was developed. We compared the quality of models based on the AnyCVE risk index (PM1) and the cardiac risk index (PM2).Results. A comparative analysis of the preoperative indicators of pa­tients with AnyCVE (n=392) and without AnyCVE (n=2545) revealed significant differences in a number of parameters that were analyzed for associations with the probability of AnyCVE. The following factors as­sociated with AnyCVE were identified: age ≥62 years, glucose level ≥5,59 mmol/l, C-reactive protein level ≥2,08 g/l, D-dimer ≥0,640 μg/ml, some noncommunicable diseases, surgical area, type of ane­sthe­sia, on the basis of which PM1 was developed. A simple AnyCVE index was formed as follows: the prognostic significance of each factor was as­ses­sed in points; the sum ≥4 was proposed to be regarded as a high risk of AnyCVE. In AnyCVE risk stratification, the prognostic value of the develo­ped PM1 (area under the curve of 0,862 with a 95% confidence interval of 0,721-1,000, sensitivity 69,2%, specificity 89,5%) exceeds PM2 based on the cardiac risk index criteria (area under the curve of 0,578 with a 95% confidence interval of 0,546-0,609, p<0,001, sensitivity 25,0%, specificity 90,4%).Conclusion. Preoperative factors that improve AnyCVE risk stratifica­tion in non-cardiac surgery are identified. A simple AnyCVE risk index is proposed for practical use.
The way to effective prevention of cardiovascular complications: review
Authors: Khidirova L. D. , Zakoryukina S. G. 
Published: November 2024

A descriptive review of modern Russian and foreign literature devoted to the polypill concept in internal medicine and cardiology practice is presented.Methodology. The following databases were used in the search for information: PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science and Cochrane Library, as well as Russian databases, including eLIBRARY and CyberLeninka. The search used keywords and phrases such as "polypill", "combination the­rapy", "cardiovascular diseases", "adherence", "polycomponent drugs" and their analogues in English and Russian. Particular attention was paid to studies published over the past 15 years, with an emphasis on studies conducted over the past 5 years to reflect current trends and innovations in the use of polypills.Results. Clinical evidence of the benefits of fixed-dose combinations al­lows the implementation of the polypill strategy in practice and to achieve maximum reduction of cardiovascular risk.Conclusion. Novel drug combinations have already been developed and are available for use. They need to be introduced so that the therapy is most adapted for many patients and effective in achieving different therapeutic goals in internal medicine and cardiology practice.
Objectively structured practical examination for first year physiotherapy: 3 years longitudinal study
Authors: Ganvir Suvarna , Nagargoje Archana , Harishchandre Maheshwari , Ganvir Shyam 
Published: November 2024

: With proven advantage of OSPE over traditional examination, its time to implement on a routine basis as a form of assessment of psychomotor skills in Physiotherapy. This study reports the implementation of OSPE at our institute since last 3 years and still continued. : OSPE was introduced in 2021 for formative assessment planned for only one year. However, with the benefit observed for examiners and students, it was continued for next 2 years. 10 stations were prepared for assessment by 10 examiners for first year of Physiotherapy students. Performance was assessed using the checklist. Students and examiners were invited to share their feedback through the survey form. : There was a consistent positive response about the conduct of this method of assessment for all 3 years from students and examiners (more than 90%). Equal percentage reported that the method eliminates examiner bias to the great extent and allowed all psychomotor skills to be assessed during the examination (92%). : Consistent Positive response over 3 years supports the use of OSPE as a form of assessment of psychomotor skill of Physiotherapy students.
Analisis Sentimen Terhadap Aplikasi Google Meet Berdasarkan Komentar Pengguna Menggunakan Metode Logistic Regresion
Authors: Yusuf Refandi , Bahumatra Kanzun , Komaria Nurul , Aqma Elyana Azatul , Cahyani Laili 
Published: November 2024

Google Meet merupakan aplikasi video conference yang digunakan untuk kegiatan jarak jauh secara online. Google Meet memiliki fitur-fitur yang mudah digunakan dan dapat melakukan panggilan video berkualitas tinggi. Penggunaan aplikasi Google Meet dalam sehari bisa mencapai 100 juta pengguna. Namun setelah menggunakan aplikasi Google Meet terdapat perbedaan pendapat memberikan rasa kepuasan dan ketidakpuasan terhadap aplikasi Google Meet. Hal ini dapat diamati dari ulasan yang diberikan pengguna pada kolom komentar di Play Store. Pada penelitian ini menggunakan metode logistic regression dan dilakukan analisis sentimen pengguna aplikasi Google Meet yang bertujuan mengelompokkan ulasan pengguna dalam bentuk sentimen positif, negatif dan netral. Sampel data yang digunakan adalah 700 data ulasan pengguna Google Meet, pengujian analisis sentimen dilakukan menggunakan metode logistic regression menunjukkan nilai akurasi sebesar 79.59%, dengan rincian ulasan negatif memiliki precision 100%, recall 16.67%, dan f1-score 28.57%. Ulasan netral memiliki precision 0%, recall 0%, dan f1-score 0%. Ulasan positif memiliki precision 79.02%, recall 100%, dan f1-score 88.28%. Secara umum didapatkan informasi mengenai kata yang paling sering muncul dalam kelas sentimen positif adalah bagus, mudah, mantap, oke, bantu, gambar, suara jernih, bermanfaat, keren, lancar, baru, coba, kualitas gambar baik, suka dan terimakasih. Sedangkan untuk kelas negatif didapatkan informasi mengenai kata yang paling sering muncul dalam kelas sentimen negatif adalah jelek, hapus, sulit, dan lambat. Dengan penelitian tersebut dapat dijadikan acuan dalam meningkatkan kualitas aplikasi Google Meet.
Assessing Ecological Quality of A Stream Using Trait-Based Phytoplankton Approach
Authors: İpek Süleyman , Maraşlıoğlu Faruk 
Published: November 2024

Abstract

The aim of this inquiry was to evaluate the efficacy of the Q(r) index, designed for river environments and applied for the first time to Turkish rivers, in delineating the water quality of the Çorum Stream. We were also intrigued by deducing the primary pollutants via trait-oriented phytoplankton community analysis and evaluating the functional categories that impact the final estimations of the Q(r) index. Monthly collection of environmental parameters and phytoplankton samples were conducted at six locations (St1‒St6). Despite seasonal variations, “good” water quality was generally found in upstream (St1, St2), where slow-flowing and mesotrophic conditions prevailed. In midstream (St3, St4), “-poor” water quality was observed during the spring–autumn, while “moderate” water quality was recorded in dowmnstream (St5, St6) throughout the year. While St3 and St4 exhibited elevated organic matter levels and eutrophic conditions, St5 and St6 demonstrated increased flow rates and mixed water characteristics. Principal Component Analysis (PCA) highlighted that DO, Temp, TP and o-PO4 emerged as the primary environmental factors affecting phytoplankton communities in the Çorum Stream (p < 0.05). In the phytoplankton community, Bacillariophyta became the dominant division, constituting 44.3% of the total abundance and comprising 46 taxa. Lepocinclis ovum, Euglenaformis proxima, and Ulnaria ulna were determined as the most dominant species among phytoplanktonic taxa of the Çorum Stream. Some FGs (W1, MP, TC) being linked to high Q(r) values, their dominance influenced water quality estimation performed by the Q(r). We conclude that the Q(r) index proved effective in evaluating the lotic water ecosystems.
Dose-Response Relationships of Resistance Training in elderly with sarcopenia: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis
Authors: Ran Jianxin , Yang Jingfeng , Li Na , Yang Jinqi , Yang Weicheng , Sun Peijie , Liao Yuanpeng 
Published: November 2024

Abstract

Objectives: This study aimed to quantify the impact of resistance training on muscle strength, muscle mass, and physical function in elderly individuals with sarcopenia and to investigate the dose‒response relationships between resistance training andgrip strength, the skeletal muscle mass index (SMI), and the short physical performance battery (SPPB).
Design: We conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis of intervention studies.
Data sources: A comprehensive search was performed in the PubMed, Cochrane Library, China National Knowledge Infrastructure (CNKI), and WANFANG databases.
Eligibility criteria for study selection: We included randomized controlled trials of resistance training in sarcopenic patients aged 60 years or older who reported at least one measure of muscle strength.
Results: Resistance training significantly increasedgrip strength (SMD = 0.58) and short physical performance battery (SPPB) scores (SMD = 0.56) but had a small effect on the skeletal muscle mass index (SMI) (SMD = 0.24). The dose‒response analysis of resistance training parameters indicated that the duration and frequency of training moderately influenced grip strength. A training period of 24 weeks (SMD = 0.844) and a frequency of two sessions per week (SMD = 0.733) were most effective for enhancing grip strength.
Conclusions: Our meta-analysis confirms the efficacy of resistance training in enhancing grip strength, the SMI, and SPPB in elderly individuals with sarcopenia. The dose‒response relationships suggest that training frequency, number of sets, and repetitions are crucial for improving these outcomes. It is recommended that sarcopenic individuals engage in a resistance training program consisting of 2–3 sessions per week, with each session including 2–3 sets of 8–12 repetitions.
Leprosy epidemiology: insights from the Prata Village
Authors: Mackert Ciane Cristina Oliveira , Lázaro Fernando Panissa , Olandowski Márcia , D’Espindula Helena Regina Salomé , Santos Andressa Mayra , Sartori Priscila Verchai Uaska , Rodrigues Rafael Saraiva de Andrade , Cambri Geison , Xavier Marília Brasil , Schurr Erwin , Alcaïs Alexandre , Mira Marcelo Távora 
Published: November 2024

Abstract

Leprosy, a chronic infectious disease caused mainly by Mycobacterium leprae (M. leprae), is still an important public health problem in countries such as Brazil and India. Here, we estimate key epidemiological parameters in the Prata Village, a unique, hyper-endemic, former leprosy colony isolated in the Brazilian Amazon. This is a population-based study in which the entire Prata Village population has been enrolled. Clinical, socioeconomic, and demographic data were obtained and cross-checked using three independent information sources. Validated data was used for descriptive epidemiological analysis. From a total of 2,005 inhabitants by the time of the enrollment, 1,084 (56.19%) were born in the Village and, therefore, likely under lifelong exposure to leprosy cases. We observed differences between the sub-populations born and not born in the village in the cumulative prevalence of leprosy (5.9% vs. 22.9%, respect.) and the age at diagnosis (15 years vs. 28 years, respect.). In contrast, there was no difference in the distribution of cases between the two sexes. Although extrapolating our findings to more open populations must be done carefully, we believe we used a unique population as a model to provide additional insights into the epidemiology of leprosy.
Erzhi pill for diabetic nephropathy: validation of integrated network pharmacology, molecular docking, proteomics, and transcriptomics
Authors: Xie Wei , Li Wei , Xu Liu-Bin , Yan Yu-Xin , Huang Jin-Xian , Kuang Hui-Fang , Li Wen-Jie , Li Wei-Ge , Wang Qian , Li Jin-Hua , Liu Xue-Mei , Liu De-Liang 
Published: November 2024

Abstract

OBJECTIVE: The study aimed to investigate the mechanism of Erzhi Pill in treating diabetic nephropathy (DN) using network pharmacology and molecular docking, with animal experiments providing additional validation.
METHODS: Initially, the molecular basis and potential mechanisms of Erzhi Pill were examined through network pharmacology, followed by molecular docking between its core components and key potential targets to corroborate the network pharmacology findings. These results were then validated through experimental approaches.
RESULTS: Network pharmacology analysis and HPLC fingerprinting identified Specnuezhenide and wedelolactone as primary components, demonstrating effective binding between the core components and key targets, thus confirming the predictions. In vivo experiments revealed that Erzhi Pill markedly improved blood glucose, lipid profiles, insulin resistance, and kidney function in db/db mice, while also reversing renal cell pathological changes. Transcriptomics and proteomics analyses of KEGG-enriched differential proteins suggested that the preventive and therapeutic effects of Erzhi Pill on DN may operate through AGE-RAGE, PPAR, and other related signaling pathways.
CONCLUSION: Overall, the combined findings from network pharmacology, molecular docking, and experimental validation elucidate the mechanism by which Erzhi Pill inhibits renal fibrosis in DN.
PMSM Sensorless Control Based on the IAORLS-Optimized Super-Twisting Algorithm Sliding Mode Observer
Authors: Zhang Hui , Ran Peng , Zhang Zehua 
Published: November 2024

Abstract

This paper addresses the chattering issue commonly associated with the sliding mode observer (SMO) algorithm in sensorless control of surface-mounted permanent magnet synchronous motor (SPMSM) and the problem of parameter variation caused by magnetic saturation and temperature rise during motor operation. A novel information acquisition optimized recursive least squares (IAORLS) algorithm, which incorporates an IAO-optimized forgetting factor, is proposed to identify motor parameters. The identified parameters are utilized in conjunction with the Super Twisting Algorithm Sliding Mode Observer (STA-SMO) for motor control. By discretizing the stator voltage equations of the PMSM via the forward Euler method, IAORLS enables efficient parameter identification. These parameters are then integrated into the STA-SMO, allowing the observer to receive real-time updates, thereby preventing performance degradation due to parameter mismatches. Additionally, the method reduces chattering when the motor’s back electromotive force (EMF) is observed, improving the accuracy of rotor position and speed estimation. Simulations and experimental results confirm the effectiveness and reliability of the proposed approach.
Population structure, admixture analysis anddifferentiation in local Gudali and its crossbred withItalian Simmental, in Cameroon
Authors: Matenchi Youchahou Poutougnigni , Hegarty Matthew 
Published: November 2024

Abstract

Information on population structure and diversity in cattle breeds is critical for understanding environmental adaptation, aswell as optimal utilisation of genetic resources and breed improvement. In this study, we investigated at the genomic level thepopulation structure, genetic diversity and admixture of the local Gudali breed and its crossbred with the Italian Simmental(Simgud) in three agroecological zones of Cameroon. A total of 717 Gudali and 139 Simgud were genotyped using the GGPBovine 100K array and analyzed together with reference breed data from public databases. PCA and admixture analysisseparated European Bos taurus from Asian Bos indicus, African Bos taurus and African Bos indicus breeds. These analyses showed that, except for recently admixed cattle, all African indigenous breeds are either pure African Bos taurus (N’Dama)or admixtures of African Bos taurus and Bos indicus. Analysis revealed ancient admixture from Asian origin in Gudali and amore recent and ongoing European introgression. Simgud is an admixed population of 25% and 50% Simmental proportion. Differentiation analysis showed that Gudali and Simgud have high genetic diversity (He=0.34 and He=0.41) respectively.Inbreeding measures based on the FIS coefficient were 0.03 for Gudali and 0.07 for Simgud. A general decline in effectivepopulation size was observed in Gudali from a large population 959 generations ago. This is not surprising given breedingefforts throughout the (period here) that involved introduction of Simmental genetics. This has affected the effective populationsize of Gudali, despite the general increase in cattle population in the ranches over that period. These results highlight theneed for a structured breeding program in Cameroon for improving productivity, while maintaining a large genetic base of thepure Gudali population.
Interactions Between Black Soldier Fly Larvae and Foodborne Pathogens: Implications for Growth, Welfare, and Bioconversion Efficiency
Authors: Ogbon Eyitayo A. , Dzepe Daniel , Famou Eugenie , Baba-Moussa Farid Abdel-Kader , Behanzin Justin G. , Djouaka Rousseau 
Published: November 2024

Abstract

This study investigates the interactions between black soldier fly (BSF) larvae (Hermetia illucens) and foodborne pathogens, specifically Salmonella spp and Escherichia coli (E. coli), to assess their impact on larval growth, welfare, and bioconversion efficiency. BSF larvae were reared on substrates inoculated with varying combinations of these pathogens and compared to a control group. Results indicated that larvae exposed to individual treatments of Salmonella spp or E. coli exhibited significantly slower growth rates, achieving only about half the weight of control larvae by Day 9. Notably, Salmonella spp exposure shortened the larval stage while prolonging the prepupal stage, suggesting metabolic stress. In contrast, the combination of both pathogens enhanced bioconversion rates, indicating complex microbial interactions that may benefit waste processing. The dynamics of pathogen persistence revealed that E. coli remained detectable in substrates for up to nine days, while Salmonella spp was only present for three days, highlighting the larvae's potential to mitigate pathogen levels in organic waste. Despite the resilience of BSF larvae to varying microbial loads, exposure to these pathogens negatively affected adult emergence rates, raising concerns about population sustainability and overall health. These findings underscore the importance of optimizing rearing conditions and implementing stringent quality control measures to minimize pathogen risks in BSF production systems.
Global GPU Network (GGN): Performance Benchmarking and Comparative Analysis Against Traditional GPU Computing Models
Authors: Shah Rehan 
Published: November 2024

Abstract

The rapid advancement of artificial intelligence and the booming cryptocurrency market have triggered an unprecedented demand for GPUs, resulting in significant price inflation and limited accessibility to these crucial computational resources. This paper proposes the development of a decentralised Global GPU Network (GGN) by harnessing the underutilised GPU power of mobile devices, offering a cost-effective and efficient alternative to traditional GPU computing models. By leveraging the vast, idle computational resources of smartphones and tablets, the GGN aims to democratise access to GPU power, making high-performance computing more accessible to a broader audience. Through extensive benchmarking and performance analysis, we evaluate the feasibility and effectiveness of the GGN compared to conventional GPU solutions, demonstrating significant cost reductions while maintaining competitive performance levels. Additionally, the GGN model addresses current disparities in revenue distribution within the digital ecosystem, promoting a more equitable and sustainable framework for computational resource allocation. This paper discusses the technical challenges, potential applications, and economic implications of deploying the GGN, highlighting its potential to revolutionise the landscape of GPU computing.