bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Unification of Fanaroff-Riley II Radio Sources with 0.1 < z < 2.0 – 8.4 GHz VLA Observations of 15 Sources – Final Sample
Authors: Fernini Ilias M. 
Published: August 2019

Abstract
We present high-resolution VLA observations at 8.4 GHz of the last 15 radio sources of a sample of 98 Fanaroff-Riley class II (FR II) sources to study the location and morphology of hot spots (HSs). This final sample consists of 8 radio galaxies (RGs) and 7 quasars (QSRs). We give detailed radio contour maps of each of the 15 sources using the VLA in its A and B configurations. The observed HSs are either edged, i.e., located at the outer edges of the radio lobes or recessed, i.e., well embedded inside the lobes. For the 8 RGs, we were able to identify 5 HSs (4 edged and 1 recessed). For the 7 QSRs, 5 HSs were identified (4 edged and 1 recessed). For these 15 sources, there is no clear distinction between the 8 RGs and 7 QSRs regarding the number of edged and recessed hot spots. We give a detailed morphological analysis of the 15 sources with an emphasis on their HSs.
Applications Of The Extended Tolman-Oppenheimer-Volkoff Equation In f (R)Gravity
Authors: Mansour Houda , Lakhal Bahia Si , Yanallah Abdelkader 
Published: August 2019

Abstract
The Tolman-Oppenheimer-Volkoff (TOV) equation determines the structure of a spherically symmetric body of isotropic material in equilibrium, in general relativity (GR). It is widely used in the study of properties of compact stars. In case of charged compact stars, an extended TOV equation was found first by Bekenstein in 1971.
We aim to use, the f (R ) theory of gravity, one among several proposed extended theories of gravity to find an equivalent equation to TOV equation, and use it to study electrically charged compact stars. We assume that the charge density is proportional to the energy density of the star and we choose the polytropic equation of state to describe the state of the charged star. We perform a detailed numerical study using Maple 2016, and our results are compared to those found in the literature in the framework of GR.
Calculations of β-decay half-lives for neutron rich tin isotopes
Authors: Khiter M , Benrachi F 
Published: August 2019

Abstract
Many of the nuclei made temporarily during r-process nucleosynthesis are currently inaccessible to experiment. Their properties, however, help determine the abundances of stable elements which we observe in the solar system. Beta decay half-lives and rates are among the most important of these properties. Nuclei with 50 ≤Z≤ 56 and 82 ≤ N ≤ 88 in the π(gdsh) ⊕ν(hfpi) valence space above the 132Sn core lie on or close to the path of astrophysical r-process flow. The even-N neutron-rich Sn isotopes are the classical “waiting point” nuclei in the A=130 solar system abundance peak under typical r-process conditions. With respect to the r-process, N=86 isotope is an important waiting-point nucleus for moderate neutron densities to drive the r-process flow beyond A-130 peak. For such systems, the consideration of the three-body monopole effects is presently a relevant issue in nuclear structure calculations in order to reproduce their experimental studies. In the present work, the total β-decay half-lives and rates of the exotic Sn isotopes above the 132Sn core are calculated using monopole interaction at different temperatures. The calculation has been realized using Oxbash code in the frame work of the nuclear shell model.
Biodiesel production from used frying oil using electrolysis method with methanol addition
Authors: Moeksin R , Aprianti T , Miskah S 
Published: August 2019

Abstract
An effort that can be carried-out in facing the energy crisis is by developing some new alternative and renewable energy source to reduce the usage of fossil energy, one of those is by producing biodiesel from used frying oil. Biodiesel production in this research is conducted by processing used frying oil using electrolysis process, the electrolysis voltage varies with the addition of methanol. The used frying oil is collected mainly from home industries. The electrolysis reaction lasts for 4 hours with various voltages of 6, 9, and 12 V with various methanol volumes of 20, 30 and 40 ml. the highest yield of biodiesel obtained is 38.3% at 12 V with 20 ml methanol addition. The lowest cetane number is 80.3 at 9 V with 20 ml methanol addition, this number is too high above the standard cetane number for biodiesel which is 51. The only density number of biodiesel produced that meets the standard is 877 gr/cm3 at 9 V with addition of 20 ml methanol or 40 ml methanol. This research requires further study and more parameters to obtain biodiesel which meets the national standard.
Pb removal in pulp and paper industry leachate wastewater using activated carbon-ceramic composite adsorbent
Authors: Aprianti T , Miskah S , Moeksin R , Sisnayati S , Nasir S 
Published: August 2019

Abstract
The leachate wastewater from pulp and paper industry is known containing various types of heavy metals, the contamination of heavy metals contained in industrial wastewater which is released to water body will accumulate and eventually pollute the environment. The improper wastewater disposal by industries does not only greatly reduce marine vegetation and animal life but also contributes to the destruction of aquatic ecosystem. It is necessary to do the wastewater treatment to eliminate or at least to reduce the heavy metal content to the legal standard quality. One of the most commonly method used for wastewater treatment is adsorption, this study uses the adsorbent made from the mixture of clay and activated carbon formed into ceramic balls with the size of ± 0.5 cm in diameter. The ratios of clay and activated carbon are 6:1, 6:2, 6:3, 6:4 and 6:5. The pulp and paper wastewater treatment method is conducted by contacting wastewater containing Pb with the adsorbent in a column made of glass of 2 inches diameter and 50 cm length, contact time variations are 30, 45, 60, 75, 90, 105, 120, 135, 150, 165, 180, 195, 210, and 240 min. The most favorable result is 92.45%, the adsorbent is able to reduce the Pb concentration from 0.53 mg/L to 0.04 mg/L respectively at 180 minutes contact time with adsorbent ratio of 6:5.
Potential use of waste rubber tires containing polystyrene to produce gasoline-like hydrocarbon by thermal catalytic cracking
Authors: Miskah S , Aprianti T , Moeksin R 
Published: August 2019

Abstract
Rubber tire waste from abundant amount of vehicles are naturally unbiodegradable, without proper treatment they shall accumulate uncontrollably. Polystyrene is a synthetic polymer contained in rubber tires and it is usually unrecycled, therefore it needs a further study to recycle polystyrene effectively. In this research, waste tires are used to produce gasoline-like hydrocarbon using thermal catalytic cracking method uses high temperatures and catalysts of NaOH and zeolite. The ratios of zeolite and NaOH are 0:1; 2:3; 1:1; 3:2; 1:0 with waste tire mass of 400 g, the temperature used varies, which are 300°C, 350°C, and 400°C with pyrolysis durations of 1, 2 and 3 hrs. The thermal catalytic cracking method is a simple solution to break the hydrocarbon chains of polystyrene with considerably shorter length of time aided by the catalysts. The highest volume of gasoline-like hydrocarbon produced is 255 ml with 2 hrs pyrolysis at 400°C. The addition of 25% NaOH and 75% zeolite as the catalyst in the process has given the most favorable result in research octane number (RON) that is 113. The maximum point of heating value is 10223.161 cal/g with 3 hrs pyrolysis duration at 400°C temperature.
Spatial Analysis to Identify the Priority Rehabilitation Area to Re-Introduce Ironwood (Eusideroxylon zwageri) in Meranti Sungai Merah Protected Forest, South Sumatra
Authors: Kunarso Adi , Yunardy Syafrul , Harbi Jun , Nugroho Dudy , Kamil Wan , Haasler Berthold 
Published: August 2019

Abstract
About 3 % remain Indonesia’s forest is distributed in South Sumatra Province. It is a key habitat for high biodiversity flora-fauna which has Asiatic character. On the other hand forest in some protected areas is surrounded by cultivation activities were managed by communities and privates. Those all human activities make pressure to the forest lead to the deforestation and caused critical land as well as habitat loss. Forest rehabilitation is an option to be proposed in preventing critical land and enhancing forest cover. This paper will discuss rehabilitation planning in landscape level of Meranti Sungai Merah Protected Forest. Spatial analysis has been used to determine land use changes and critical land level of the study area. The priority area has been analysis based on technical guidance for spatial analysis of critical land (MoF decree No. P.4/V-set/2013) and it modified in the sub-landscape level. Focus group discussion has been done to identify key parameters both biophysics and social economics. The result shows that about 2,442 Ha (21.5%) of the study area is classified as very critical and critical land and it could be expected as the priority area for rehabilitation. Native species such Ironwood (Eusideroxylon zwageri) would be recommended to be planted in the priority area of rehabilitation.
Implementation of Response to Lima Action Plan in Indonesia: Strategy and Progress in Relation to SDGs
Authors: Sudarmonowati Enny 
Published: August 2019

Abstract
Possessing 11 biosphere reserves (BRs) and three more are underway, Indonesia has been conducting various efforts and programmes to support and implement man and Biosphere (MAB) Strategy 2015-2025 and Lima Action Plan (LAP) 2016-2025. The number of conservation areas as and their surroundings for economic development to be nominated as biosphere reserves including in the eastern part of Indonesia, has been increased. This due to the increase of awareness of local government and community and a better approach through improved communication. The increase number of new BRs has to be accompanied with legislation i.e. Government Regulation concerning Biosphere Reserves which is now in drafting process. Legal aspect would ensure sustainable funding reflected in Long and Medium Development Plan which the next one covers the period of 2020 - 2024. Different levels of stakeholders have been involved although the participation is varied between sites. Programmes and action plans concerning BRs as a model for sustainable development, collaboration and networking, partnership and sustainable funding for MAB programmes, improvement in communication and effective governance have partly been implemented. It is necessary to strengthen the link within the region and the World Network of BRs which is now still weak. Although the promotion of products through collaboration on branding, has just been commenced recently, it has shown positive responses and impacts. Partnering with universities especially local ones in each site has resulted in result - oriented policy. The involvement of private sectors still needs to be enhanced as it has been site specific. Dissemination of LAP has been conducted through relevant workshops held in 2016 and 2017 aiming at increased participation to support LAP implementation. Improved communication mechanism would also ease information sharing especially on lesson learnt among BRs in Indonesia and World Network of BRs. It remains a challenge to integrate other UNESCO programmes into MAB Programme which means mutidiciplinary and multisectoral approaches to achieve SDGs, although it has occured in certain BRs. In addition to progress and achievements, issues related problems on LAP implementation will be discussed.
Potential of Sustainable Fishery Resources at Giam Siak Kecil-Bukit Batu Biosphere Reserve, Riau Province, Indonesia
Authors: Titisari Prima Wahyu , Syamsudin Tati Suryati , Sjarmidi Achmad , Elfis  , Zen Irina Safitri , Hendrayani Yani 
Published: August 2019

Abstract
Fisheries are fundamental part of human activities. Sustainable fishing is an important aspect in maintining the fishery resources for the future generation. The main objective of this study is to estimate the maximum sustainable yield (MSY) of the fishing grounds for the sustainable harvesting. This study deploy the approximate estimation of abundance (biomass) and potential estimation of a type or group of fish species based on the analysis of production surplus to determine the sustainability of maximum catch rate. Results of the research identified about 35 species from the 17 families of fish. Based on the MSY calculation using the Schaefer method with a long line standard, the fish utilization status is in overfishing condition status at all sampling points, with the value above 98% above the standard capture limit of 70%. The results of the Schaefer model provide the baseline information on MYS for the freshwaters fish, which could be used as the basis for future fishery assessment and management of this biosphere reserve.
Forest, sawah, and culture: Civilization of food sovereignty by Semende communities at South Sumatra
Authors: Martin E , Ulya N A , Waluyo E A , Kunarso A , Winarno B 
Published: August 2019

Abstract
Food sovereignty is the aspiration of many parties and the vision of the Government of Indonesia. Making new fields (sawah), building and repairing irrigation, and provide incentives for the cultivation of food crops is the program being run by the government. On the other hand, the facts show that the conversion of sawah to other uses still exists in many places and cannot be prevented. However, Semende communities living in the upland of South Sumatra to show different performance; they tried to maintain the tradition of sawah at the time of changes in knowledge and the growing population. This study aims to understand and explain the success of the Semende communities in achieving food sovereignty. Research questions answered by qualitative research methods, especially through ethnographic notes concerning sawah management practices by Semende communities. The results showed that the preservation sawah closely related to tunggu tubang tradition and the social conventions of the existence of forests in the upstream region. Sustainability of sawah is the result of consistency and belief of Semende people about important value of sawah as cultural identity and basic capital of the household economy. These beliefs bring forth innovative attitude to maintain the existence of sawah. Therefore, the construction of physical infrastructure to achieve food sovereignty must be accompanied by socio-anthropological approach to the lives of farmers and forest control in the upstream region of sawah by community groups.
Benefits over Threats: Understanding Community’s Motivation to Participate in Restoration Initiatives in Gunung Leuser National Park, Sumatra
Authors: Khatimah F H , Fauzi D , Chandra A , Wicaksono S A 
Published: August 2019

Abstract
Gunung Leuser National Park (GLNP), one of Indonesia’s most important conservation sites, has been facing serious pressures due to human activities both within its boundaries and in the buffer zones, leaving a large extent of degraded land in GLNP and its vicinity. As a response, the government along with several civil society organizations have been conducting restoration projects, especially around the borders of GLNP with concessions and villages. A centerpiece of many of these restoration initiatives is community participation. However, there have been limited studies to understand the driving factors of local people participation in such initiatives. In order to better understand what drives community participation in restoration initiatives around GLNP, we conducted a random survey to 111 respondents living in Sei Serdang and Namo Sialang Villages (Langkat District, North Sumatra), where restoration initiatives have been introduced. We found that they do not have a strong dependence on natural resources, which likely explains their rather neutral perspective on forests, i.e. they do not perceive any relations between forests, their livelihood, and threats due to deforestation. The absence of forest protection-related custom among population, mainly due to the cultural heterogeneity resulted from inward migration, further enhances their view on forests. Therefore, those who participated in the restoration initiatives were primarily driven by the opportunity to get additional income and improve their welfare. Based on these findings, we recommend that future restoration-related interventions in GLNP should appropriately consider community perception towards forests to ensure project sustainability and better resources management.
The case of the German Technical Cooperation in supporting sustainable resources management in Lore Lindu Biosphere Reserve, Central Sulawesi – Indonesia
Authors: Khaeruddin Ismet 
Published: August 2019

Abstract
Established in 1977, Lore Lindu Biosphere Reserve was one of the first generation of Indonesia’s biosphere reserve as living laboratory for sustainable development practices based on science. Various forests functions and land allocations with different management authorities remain challenges for the biosphere reserve to effectively demonstrate its existence as a model for sustainable development laboratory for decades. The development of special national policy on biosphere reserve designation and management at the level of government regulation as mandated by Law 41 / 1999 on Forestry is essential for effective management for the Indonesia’s biosphere reserves in the future, particularly Lore Lindu.
Toward green economic growth in South Sumatra: collaborative platform through a knowledge management approach
Authors: Asmani N , Ekadinata A 
Published: August 2019

Abstract
In the world where natural resources are already limited, balancing the environmental aspect with economic growth has become necessary. Otherwise the consequences will be severe. The Green Growth Masterplan of South Sumatra has outline the strategies and action toward achieving sustainability. The masterplan consist of seven strategies aimed at achieving 5 sustainable development goals: (1) sustainable economic growth; (2) inclusive and equitable growth; (3) socio, economic and environmental resilience; (4) healthy and productive ecosystem, and (5) greenhouse gas emission reduction. The masterplan also implied that the only way South Sumatra will be able to achieve the green economic growth is through collaboration and cooperation among all stakeholders in the province. All of the enabling condition in green growth strategy were pointed toward the importance to build a strong partnership with all stakeholders. They need to work together and combine their knowledge and resources to achieve the green growth vision. One of the enabling condition is a strengthened capacity to conduct and implement green growth action. At this point, the issues of knowledge management became important. In order to collaborate effectively in managing the South Sumatra Landscape, a strong basis of knowledge is required. A knowledge society need to be formed in South Sumatra for this purpose. This knowledges need to be manage in such a way that any stakeholders in South Sumatra will be able access, utilize and improve. The SECI (Socialize-Externalize-Combine-Internalize) framework of Nonaka and Takeuchi (1995), fit nicely into the context of South Sumatra green growth implementation. Tacit knowledge from local wisdom of community needs to be combined with explicit knowledge that has been produced by so many research project in South Sumatra. The only problem with SECI framework is in institutionalization of the framework itself. Knowledge sharing on sustainable development needs to be facilitated by a body who can work with multiple stakeholders and at the same time implement the knowledge management system. In South Sumatra, this was addressed through the Green Growth Partnership Institution. KOLEGA SUMSEL is a form knowledge society which strive to achieve green growth vision through cooperation and collaboration. The cooperation models itself is an important contribution from South Sumatra to the development practitioners in other places.
Tree-crop diversification by smallholder farmers in Southern Sumatra to diversify sources of income
Authors: Premono B T , Lestari S , Winarno B 
Published: August 2019

Abstract
Tree crop diversification becomes a common component of farmers strategies to diversify their sources of income, to deal with price fluctuation and also to adapt to a changing environment. This study examined farmers activity in tree-crop diversification and factors that encourage rural households in tree planting. A combination of household interviews and participatory field surveys was conducted to collect primary data. Data was analyzed descriptively and quantitatively. The results show that farmers mainly engaged in planting trees with agroforestry system, even there were also some people who develop trees with monocultures system. The tree species most developed in the research area are Magnolia champaca, Azadirachta excelsa, and Anthocephalus cadamba. The diversification decisions of communities depends on age, education level, the number of family members, expenses, and assets. Farmers who have wider landholdings and relatively have high incomes will be more interested in doing tree crop diversification on their land. Of the households surveyed, the respondents have the main job as a farmer in which the average age was 50 years old and the majority had education level up to elementary school and junior high school. The average expense of the respondents was 1.437 million rupiah per month in which the average of land holding is 2.68 hectares. In southern Sumatra, farmers try to mix some tree-crop in their land in order to increase their income, to get cash income in different time (maintaining food security), and reduce some risks because the changes of environment, market and policy. Therefore, this practice can provide economic resilience for farm households.
Socio Economic Roles of Dragon Blood in Participative Rehabilitation of Degraded Forest and Land
Authors: Lestari S , Premono B T , Kunarso A 
Published: August 2019

Abstract
Overexploitation, both by the public and other parties that interact directly or indirectly with natural resources is one of the causes of forest and land degradation. Dragon’s blood development as one of the non-timber forest products is expected to be a solution to reduce the level of forests and land damage. This study aims to describe the community’s efforts in the utilization and development of dragon’s blood, as well as their impact on the rehabilitation of forest areas that have been degraded due to over-exploitation. The study was conducted in Semendo Darat Ulu, Muara Enim Regency, South Sumatra Province. Field observations and interviews were used to collect information on respondents’ characteristics and their behavior in relation to the utilization and development of dragon’s blood. Data were analyzed descriptively and qualitatively to answer the research objectives. The findings show that the communities around forest areas have more eagerness to harvest dragon’s blood sustainably. People who previously have only perform dragon’s blood collection from the natural forest, began to make efforts for the development of dragon’s blood on their private land. The higher economic value of dragon’s blood raises public awareness to protect and preserve it. The successful development of dragon’s blood is expected to be a solution for forest and land rehabilitation in Muara Enim. Communities sources of income from dragon’s blood can reduce the dependence on the forest, so that public access to forests decreases. At last, the preservation of forests and land will be maintained and sustained.