bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Translating ancient Chinese legal works
Authors: Dai Yongjun , Wei Xiangqing 
Published: September 2019

AbstractThe notion of narrative is a very productive concept in many disciplines, and it has been introduced and applied effectively in translation studies, where the specific narrative typology and narrative features are drawn and outlined. Based on the understanding of translation and the analysis of narrative features by Baker, this paper examines the issues in translating ancient Chinese legal works. The default narrative features in ancient Chinese legal works are firstly given a detailed explanation, then the challenges to the Western sinologists in re-narrating ancient Chinese legal stories, especially for the purposes of constructing a “moral” world for the Western readers. For the purpose of successful communication, the fundamental elements in Chinese legal tradition should be given more attention. Thus a contextualized narrative strategy is proposed for application in translating ancient Chinese legal works. For successful communication, it requires on the part of the narrator a degree of creative adaptation.
On beautiful analytic structure of the S-matrix
Authors: Moroz Alexander , Miroshnichenko Andrey E 
Published: September 2019

Abstract
For an exponentially decaying potential, analytic structure of the s-wave S-matrix can be determined up to the slightest detail, including position of all its poles and their residues. Beautiful hidden structures can be revealed by its domain coloring. A fundamental property of the S-matrix is that any bound state corresponds to a pole of the S-matrix on the physical sheet of the complex energy plane. For a repulsive exponentially decaying potential, none of infinite number of poles of the s-wave S-matrix on the physical sheet corresponds to any physical state. On the second sheet of the complex energy plane, the S-matrix has infinite number of poles corresponding to virtual states and a finite number of poles corresponding to complementary pairs of resonances and anti-resonances. The origin of redundant poles and zeros is confirmed to be related to peculiarities of analytic continuation of a parameter of two linearly independent analytic functions. The overall contribution of redundant poles to the asymptotic completeness relation, provided that the residue theorem can be applied, is determined to be an oscillating function.
Paired test of matrix graphs and brain connectivity analysis
Authors: Ye Yuting , Xia Yin , Li Lexin 
Published: September 2019

Summary
Inferring brain connectivity network and quantifying the significance of interactions between brain regions are of paramount importance in neuroscience. Although there have recently emerged some tests for graph inference based on independent samples, there is no readily available solution to test the change of brain network for paired and correlated samples. In this article, we develop a paired test of matrix graphs to infer brain connectivity network when the groups of samples are correlated. The proposed test statistic is both bias corrected and variance corrected, and achieves a small estimation error rate. The subsequent multiple testing procedure built on this test statistic is guaranteed to asymptotically control the false discovery rate at the pre-specified level. Both the methodology and theory of the new test are considerably different from the two independent samples framework, owing to the strong correlations of measurements on the same subjects before and after the stimulus activity. We illustrate the efficacy of our proposal through simulations and an analysis of an Alzheimer’s Disease Neuroimaging Initiative dataset.
Innovation, institutions and development: a critical review and grounded heterodox economic analysis of late-industrialising contexts
Authors: Perry Keston K 
Published: September 2019

AbstractThis paper critically reviews dominant approaches to the economics of innovation in contemporary developing societies, namely new institutional economics (NIE) and National Innovation Systems (NIS). Both traditions explain capitalist development in late-industrialising countries using underlying assumptions and logics of advanced industrialised societies with respect to transaction costs, path dependence, the nature and structure of institutions and economic history. At their core, both approaches proffer ideal-type institutions as an essentialist route to technological and productivity improvement akin to a staged theory of development. The NIS framework became dominant in scholarly and policy circles but has neglected the implication that the concept was developed at the Organisation of Economic Cooperation and Development during the emergence of first-stage neoliberalism. NIE has become an essential analytical toolkit of mainstream economists and international organisations promoting competitiveness in developing countries. Analyses of the economic performance of developing countries have thus diverged from structural perspectives on development, attributing instead lacklustre technological deepening to certain national features, institutional gaps or linkage failures. The paper exposes narrow assumptions and illustrates that the ‘transition costs’ that arise from new socio-institutional configurations during the development process induces firms and other actors to compete for rents. Conversely, power asymmetries, historical factors and constraining forces in the global capitalist system generate unevenness in productive forces and technological progress. The paper proposes a political economy of technological change that considers the structural, technical and socio-political interdependencies and tensions that underpin transformative policies to improve technological, coordination and collective capabilities in the economic system.
Tofacitinib Reprograms Human Monocytes of IBD Patients and Healthy Controls Toward a More Regulatory Phenotype
Authors: Cordes Friederike , Lenker Eva , Spille Lea J , Weinhage Toni , Bettenworth Dominik , Kessel Christoph , Schmidt Hartmut H , Foell Dirk , Varga Georg 
Published: September 2019

AbstractBackgroundThe inhibition of Janus kinases (JAKs) and subsequent signal transducers and activators of transcription (STATs) by tofacitinib represents a new therapeutic strategy in inflammatory bowel diseases (IBD) as clinical trials have led to approval of tofacitinib for ulcerative colitis (UC) and hint at a possible efficacy for Crohn`s disease (CD). However, the impact of tofacitinib on cellular response of monocytes, which are key players in inflammatory responses, has not been investigated so far. We aimed to analyze JAK/STAT-inhibition by tofacitinib in monocytes of IBD patients and healthy controls.MethodsPrimary monocytes of IBD patients with active disease and healthy controls (n = 18) were analyzed for cytokine expression and phenotype after granulocyte macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF)/interferon (IFN)γ-stimulation and tofacitinib pretreatment (1–1000 nM) and capacity to induce Foxp3+-regulatory T cells (Tregs) in cocultures. In total, 20 UC patients and 21 CD patients were included. Additionally, dose-dependent inhibition of JAK/STAT-phosphorylation was analyzed in controls.ResultsPro-inflammatory costimulation with GM-CSF/IFNγ resulted in significant tumor necrosis factor (TNFα) and interleukin (IL)-6 increase, whereas IL-10 expression decreased in monocytes. Tofacitinib modulated the responses of activated monocytes toward a regulatory phenotype through reduced TNFα and IL-6 secretion and enhanced Treg induction in cocultures. However, in monocytes from active IBD patients, higher tofacitinib dosages were needed for blockade of pro-inflammatory cytokines. Tofacitinib induced stronger regulatory phenotypes in monocytes of UC patients, including more effective inhibition of pro-inflammatory pathways and better restoration of anti-inflammatory mechanisms as compared with CD-derived monocytes.ConclusionTofacitinib dose-dependently reprograms monocytes toward a more regulatory cell type. This beneficial effect possibly results from selective JAK/STAT-blockade by adequate tofacitinib dosage with inhibition of pro-inflammatory responses and permission of a balance-shift toward regulatory pathways.
The Unique Disease Course of Children with Very Early onset-Inflammatory Bowel Disease
Authors: Kelsen Judith R , Conrad Maire A , Dawany Noor , Patel Trusha , Shraim Rawan , Merz Audrey , Maurer Kelly , Sullivan Kathleen E , Devoto Marcella 
Published: September 2019

AbstractBackgroundInsight into the pathogenesis of very early onset-inflammatory bowel disease (VEO-IBD) has expanded through the identification of causative monogenic defects detected in a subset of patients. However, the clinical course of this population remains uncertain. The study objective is to determine whether VEO-IBD is associated with more severe disease, defined as increased surgical intervention and growth failure, than older pediatric IBD. Secondary outcomes included therapeutic response and hospitalizations.MethodsSubjects with IBD diagnosed younger than 6 years old (VEO-IBD) were compared with children diagnosed 6 to 10 (intermediate-onset) and older than 10 years of age (older-onset IBD). Metadata obtained from the medical record included age of onset, disease phenotype and location, surgeries, medical therapy, and comorbid conditions. Length of follow-up was at least 1 year from diagnosis.ResultsThere were 229, 221, and 521 subjects with VEO, intermediate-onset, and older-onset IBD, respectively. Very early onset-inflammatory bowel disease subjects underwent more diverting ileostomies (P < 0.001) and colectomies (P < 0.001) than the older children. There was less improvement in weight- and height-for-age Z scores during the follow-up period in subjects with VEO-IBD. Additionally, subjects with VEO-IBD had higher rates of medication failure at 1 year and were more frequently readmitted to the hospital. Targeted therapy was successfully used almost exclusively in VEO-IBD.ConclusionPatients with VEO-IBD can have a more severe disease course with increased surgical interventions and poor growth as compared with older-onset IBD patients. Further, VEO-IBD patients are more likely to be refractory to conventional therapies. Strategies using targeted therapy in these children can improve outcome and, in some cases, be curative.
Female breast cancer risk in Bryansk Oblast, Russia, following prolonged low dose rate exposure to radiation from the Chernobyl power station accident
Authors: Rivkind Nikolai , Stepanenko Valeriy , Belukha Irina , Guenthoer Jamie , Kopecky Kenneth J , Kulikov Sergei , Kurnosova Irina , Onstad Lynn , Porter Peggy , Shklovskiy-Kordi Nikita , Troshin Vladislav , Voillequé Paul , Davis Scott 
Published: September 2019

Abstract

Background
Ionizing radiation is a known cause of female breast cancer, but there have been few studies of the risk after prolonged radiation exposure at low dose rates.

Methods
This population-based case-control study estimated breast cancer risk after ∼25 years’ exposure to radiation from the Chernobyl accident. Cases (n = 468) were women ≤55 years old when first diagnosed with invasive breast cancer during October 2008 through  February 2013, who lived in Bryansk Oblast, Russia at the time of the accident and their diagnoses. Controls, individually matched to cases on birth year, administrative district of residence and urban vs non-urban settlement during the accident, were women without breast cancer who lived in Bryansk Oblast at the time of the accident and on their cases’ diagnosis dates (n = 468). Subjects were interviewed regarding residence, dietary and food source histories to support individualized estimation of their radiation doses to the breast, which ranged from 0.04 − 41 centigray (cGy) (mean 1.3 cGy).

Results
In multivariable analyses, the odds ratio for breast cancer risk was 3.0 [95% confidence interval (CI): 1.3, 7.0] and 2.7 (95% CI: 1.0, 7.3) in the seventh and eighth dose octiles, respectively, relative to the lowest octile. Analyses of dose effect modification suggested that radiation-related risk may have been higher in women who were younger at the time of the accident and/or at the time of diagnosis.

Conclusions
This study suggests that prolonged exposure to ionizing radiation at low dose rates can increase risk of breast cancer.
Social Welfare Programs and Trust: Evidence from Six Latin American Cities
Authors: Chong Alberto , Ríos-Salas Vanessa , Ñopo Hugo 
Published: September 2019

Abstract
Using individual-level data that are representative at the city level for six Latin American capital cities (Bogota, Buenos Aires, Caracas, Lima, Montevideo, and San José), we find that participation in government social welfare programs is negatively associated to trust, a result that is robust to the inclusion of individual risk measures and a broad array of controls. Our findings support the notion that low take-up rates may be linked to stigma and not to high transaction costs as commonly suggested (JEL D01, O12, O10).
Temporal Variation of the Presence of Rhodnius prolixus (Hemiptera: Reduviidae) Into Rural Dwellings in the Department of Casanare, Eastern Colombia
Authors: Rincón-Galvis Helen Jineth , Urbano Plutarco , Hernández Carolina , Ramírez Juan David 
Published: September 2019

Abstract
Rhodnius prolixus (Stål, 1859) is the major vector of Trypanosoma cruzi in Colombia and Venezuela. The species is strongly associated with high-altitude ecotopes, such as sylvatic palms (Attalea butyracea), where spatially and temporally stable infestations are established. We investigated temporal variation in regards to the presence of R. prolixus in rural dwellings in the department of Casanare (eastern Colombia) over a period of 12 mo. Thirty houses were sampled from January to December 2017 by installing Maria sensors, collecting triatomines through community entomological surveillance, and conducting a monthly search in each house. The collection of specimens from the houses varied significantly by month with the higher number of collections occurring in the low-rainfall season and the lower number of collections occurring in the months of increased precipitation. The proportions of males, females, and nymphs also varied significantly throughout the time period: nymphs (fifth instar only) were reported only during May, July, and September and significantly greater numbers of females than males were reported in the inspected dwellings in all months. Density, crowding, and colonization indices varied according to the season. A bloodmeal analysis revealed 17 different hosts. A total of 42 randomly selected R. prolixus specimens were subjected to molecular analyses for detection of T. cruzi DNA with 22 found positive (infection prevalence of 52%). In conclusion, we observed a high presence of R. prolixus (infected with T. cruzi) in dwellings close to native palm plantations. These findings indicate a high risk of vector transmission of T. cruzi for people in the study areas and challenges for the current vector control schemes in the region.
Is nitric oxide a critical key factor in ABA-induced stomatal closure?
Authors: Van Meeteren Uulke , Kaiser Elias , Malcolm Matamoros Priscila , Verdonk Julian C , Aliniaeifard Sasan 
Published: September 2019

Abstract
The role of nitric oxide (NO) in abscisic acid (ABA)-induced stomatal closure is a matter of debate. We conducted experiments in Vicia faba leaves using NO gas and sodium nitroprusside (SNP), a NO-donor compound, and compared their effects to those of ABA. In epidermal strips, stomatal closure was induced by ABA but not by NO, casting doubt on the role of NO in ABA-mediated stomatal closure. Leaf discs and intact leaves showed a dual dose response to NO: stomatal aperture widened at low dosage and narrowed at high dosage. Overcoming stomatal resistance by means of high CO2 concentration ([CO2]) restored photosynthesis in ABA-treated leaf discs but not in those exposed to NO. NO inhibited photosynthesis immediately, causing an instantaneous increase in intercellular [CO2] (Ci), followed by stomatal closure. However, lowering Ci by using low ambient [CO2] showed that it was not the main factor in NO-induced stomatal closure. In intact leaves, the rate of stomatal closure in response to NO was about one order of magnitude less than after ABA application. Because of the different kinetics of photosynthesis and stomatal closure that were observed, we conclude that NO is not likely to be the key factor in ABA-induced rapid stomatal closure, but that it fine-tunes stomatal aperture via different pathways.
Communicating With Leadership: Behavioral Health and HIPAA in the Field
Authors: Shank Christopher G , Alampay Miguel M 
Published: September 2019

Abstract
It can be challenging for a general medical officer to determine a patient’s fitness for duty in the field. Communicating with commanding officers can be difficult given a general medical officer’s loyalties as both a physician and medical officer. We present a case of a junior officer that highlights these issues.
Invariant Manifolds and the Capture of Comet Shoemaker-Levy 9★
Authors: Swenson Travis E , Lo Martin W , Woollands Robyn M 
Published: September 2019

Abstract
The impact of Comet Shoemaker-Levy 9 (SL9) with Jupiter in 1994 was the ultimate confirmation of Eugene Shoemaker’s theory that impacts are a common, fundamental process in the Solar System. On Earth, asteroid impacts have produced several near extinction level events. We tend to visualise these collisions as billiard balls hitting one another. But how, exactly, do they occur? The actual dynamics is much more complex and subtle because it is highly non-linear and involves chaos in the three-body problem. In this paper we investigate the effects of Lyapunov orbits, halo orbits, and their associated invariant manifolds, on the orbital motion of SL9. We demonstrate that periodic orbits act as gateways to Jupiter, and their invariant manifolds controlled the dynamics of SL9 during the initial capture phase.
A kinematic confirmation of the hidden Vela supercluster
Authors: Courtois Hélène M , Kraan-Korteweg Renée C , Dupuy Alexandra , Graziani Romain , Libeskind Noam I 
Published: September 2019

ABSTRACT
The Universe region obscured by the Milky Way is very large and only future blind large H i redshift, and targeted peculiar surveys on the outer borders will determine how much mass is hidden there. Meanwhile, we apply for the first time two independent techniques to the galaxy peculiar velocity catalogue CosmicFlows−3 in order to explore for the kinematic signature of a specific large-scale structure hidden behind this zone: the Vela supercluster at cz ∼18 000 km s−1. Using the gravitational velocity and density contrast fields, we find excellent agreement when comparing our results to the Vela object as traced in redshift space. The article provides the first kinematic evidence of a major mass concentration (knot of the Cosmic Web) located in the direction behind Vela constellation, pin pointing that the Zone of Avoidance should be surveyed in detail in the future.
Poly(ADP-ribose)-dependent chromatin unfolding facilitates the association of DNA-binding proteins with DNA at sites of damage
Authors: Smith Rebecca , Lebeaupin Théo , Juhász Szilvia , Chapuis Catherine , D’Augustin Ostiane , Dutertre Stéphanie , Burkovics Peter , Biertümpfel Christian , Timinszky Gyula , Huet Sébastien 
Published: September 2019

AbstractThe addition of poly(ADP-ribose) (PAR) chains along the chromatin fiber due to PARP1 activity regulates the recruitment of multiple factors to sites of DNA damage. In this manuscript, we investigated how, besides direct binding to PAR, early chromatin unfolding events controlled by PAR signaling contribute to recruitment to DNA lesions. We observed that different DNA-binding, but not histone-binding, domains accumulate at damaged chromatin in a PAR-dependent manner, and that this recruitment correlates with their affinity for DNA. Our findings indicate that this recruitment is promoted by early PAR-dependent chromatin remodeling rather than direct interaction with PAR. Moreover, recruitment is not the consequence of reduced molecular crowding at unfolded damaged chromatin but instead originates from facilitated binding to more exposed DNA. These findings are further substantiated by the observation that PAR-dependent chromatin remodeling at DNA lesions underlies increased DNAse hypersensitivity. Finally, the relevance of this new mode of PAR-dependent recruitment to DNA lesions is demonstrated by the observation that reducing the affinity for DNA of both CHD4 and HP1α, two proteins shown to be involved in the DNA-damage response, strongly impairs their recruitment to DNA lesions.
Lumbar Epidural Contrast Spread Patterns for the Interlaminar Approach: Three-Dimensional Analysis Using Antero-Posterior, Lateral, and Contralateral Oblique Views
Authors: Gill Jatinder , Simopoulos Thomas , Orhurhu Vwaire , Nagda Jyotsna , Aner Moris 
Published: September 2019

Abstract

Objective
To describe and analyze lumbar epidural contrast spread patterns in antero-posterior (AP), lateral, and contralateral oblique (CLO) views.

Methods
Lumbar epidural contrast spread patterns after interlaminar injection were prospectively collected in AP, lateral, and several CLO views and analyzed for multiple variables; three-dimensional mapping was also performed.

Results
Epidural contrast patterns were prospectively analyzed in 28 subjects. The median volume of contrast injected was 2 mL; the AP view was more sensitive than the lateral view to detect foraminal uptake (13/28, 46%, 95% confidence interval [CI] = 27–66%, vs 7/28, 25%, 95% CI = 11–45% subjects). CLO view demonstrated the most consistent location for epidural contrast spread, with contrast contacting the ventral laminar margin in 28/28 (100%, 95% CI = 87–100%) patients. The most common location of contrast spread in the lateral view was at the facet joint lucency, with only 8/28 (29%, 95% CI = 13%–49%) subjects showing contrast contacting the spinolaminar junction. Lateral view was more sensitive than the CLO view in ventral epidural contrast spread detection. The extent and distribution of the spread did not bear any relationship to the volume injected or to the needle location in AP view.

Conclusions
CLO view provides the most consistent landmark for lumbar epidural contrast spread, and lateral view is most suited to confirming ventral epidural spread. The AP view may be the most optimal for determining target access when considering access to the dorsal root ganglia; in an individual patient, the volume injected and needle location in AP view do not reliably predict target access. The volume to be injected and the need to re-access or obtain multisite access must be prospectively determined, based upon observation of the spread.