bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A study the various clinical and electrophysiological parameters of severity of carpal tunnel syndrome, their correlation with post-operative recovery
Authors: Nehete Sushil Ramesh , Raut Binita B. , Hiremath Amita S. , Thatte R. Mukund 
Published: March 2018

ABSTRACT
Objective: We aimed to study the various clinical and electrophysiological parameters of severity of carpal tunnel syndrome (CTS) and to see if the severity of CTS affects recovery after surgery. Patients and Methods: A prospective study of 35 patients suffering from CTS. Clinical severity was assessed using visual analogue scale and standard questionnaires such as Levine and Disabilities of Arm, Shoulder and Hand questionnaires. All the patients underwent electrophysiological evaluation to assess electrophysiological severity of CTS. According to modified Padua classification, they were classified into three groups, namely, minimal to mild, moderate and severe to extreme. All patients underwent Carpal tunnel release in our unit. The clinical assessment was repeated 3 months post-operatively. Results: Out of 33 patients, majority (65.7%) of the patients were suffering from moderately severe CTS. The clinical provocative tests were positive in majority of patients. Clinically and statistically significant (P < 0.001) improvement was seen in all clinical severity scores. However, it did not show any statistical correlation with electrophysiological severity of the disease when compared among the groups. There was no association of age, gender of the patient, body mass index, hand dominance, affected side of the patient, results of provocative tests and the presence or absence of thenar muscle atrophy when compared among the three severity groups (P > 0.05). Conclusions: Although pre-operative clinical scores of severity and electrophysiology have a diagnostic role in CTS, they do not correlate with post-operative recovery and in turn fail to predict the extent of post-operative recovery before surgery.
Ad hoc posterior tibial vessels perforator propeller flaps for the reconstruction of lower third leg soft- tissue defects
Authors: Balakrishnan Thalaivirithan Margabandu , Ramkumar Jayagosh , Jaganmohan Janardhanan 
Published: March 2018

ABSTRACT
Introduction: Lower third leg soft tissue defects with anatomical and pathological constraints are posing formidable challenges to reconstructive surgeon. Aim: This retrospective study was conducted to assess the effectiveness of ad hoc posterior tibial vessels perforator-propeller flaps for the reconstruction of small and medium sized soft tissue defects in the lower third leg. Patients and Methods: 22 patients (16 were males and 6 were females) were involved in this study between period of January 2012 and December 2016. We followed the protocol of initial non delineating exploratory incision made to find out single best perforator in all patients. All the defects in leg reconstructed with adhoc posterior tibial vessel propeller flaps. Results: All 22 flaps survived well. All in an average of 13 months follow up period, had pain free walking, with minimal scarring and acceptable aesthesis at the reconstruction sites with no need for any secondary procedure. Conclusion: With inability of preoperatively dopplering the perforators in the lower third leg region, the exploratory posterior nondelineating incision was used in all cases to secure the single best perforator for the propeller flaps. Thus adhoc posterior tibial vessel propeller flaps are dependable, easily adoptable for the reconstruction of soft tissue defects of the lower third leg region.
A comprehensive functional classification of cleft hand: The DAST concept
Authors: Sharma Alok , Sharma Namita 
Published: March 2018

ABSTRACT
Context: Phenotypic expressions of the congenital cleft hand are variable and might baffle even the experienced as to the choice of surgery. The morphological parameters defining the anomaly dictate not only the functional capacity of the anomalous hand but also the degree of possible surgical restoration. Despite a large number of classifying systems available, none encompass all the relevant issues. Aims: The purpose of this work is to present an all-inclusive and universally acceptable classification of the deformity which would graphically represent the entire gamut of possible presentations; principal and associated. Furthermore, based on such staging, the choice of surgical procedure and the stages of surgical intervention can be standardised to ensure the best results for the patient. Patients and Methods: This study is based on a series of 27 patients with a total of 38 cleft hands. Results and Conclusions: The necessity to include and to assess all determinants of function and complexity in these hands to standardise the choice of management, gave rise to the DAST system of classification; an acronym for all the morphological determinants of the anomaly (D = Digits missing, A = Associated anomalies in the hand, S = Site of cleft, T = Functional state of the Thumb). Numerical values were assigned to each component in increasing order of complexity. Score for each determinant as well as the aggregate score indicates the degree of complexity in a graphic manner. The DAST classification has a predictive value in choice of procedure and prognosticating surgical outcomes.
Many face(t)s of young people’s risk-taking: Individual and situational determinants
Authors: Czernecka Karolina , Fryt Joanna , Szczygieł Monika , Torre Amelia La , Smolen Tomasz 
Published: March 2018

BackgroundAdolescence and young adulthood are frequently characterised by a strong propensity to take risks. Yet, empirical data shows that personality traits, type and features of risk measures, or presence of additional incentives can significantly influence one’s risk-taking tendency. Our aim was to investigate young people’s risk-taking and point out when and how individual and situational factors may increase or decrease their risk-taking propensity.Participants and procedureParticipants were adolescents and emerging adults (N = 173, age range: 13-30). Each completed two behavioural risk measures (“hot” and “cold” decision tasks) in two conditions, with or without financial incentives. Questionnaires assessing self-declared risk-taking, sensation seeking, and impulsivity were also used. Statistical analyses were conducted with gender and age as additional factors.ResultsIn “hot” risk tasks all participants risked the same, while the tendency to take risks in “cold” tasks was higher for older participants, especially in the presence of incentives. Males risked more than females, apart from “hot” incentivised tasks where no gender differences were found. Sensation seeking and impulsivity were significant predictors of risk-taking in “hot” incentivised tasks, while performance in “cold” non-incentivised tasks depended on sensation seeking only.ConclusionsOur results show that risk-taking is not a unitary phenomenon, and young people are not universal risk-takers. Certain personality traits seem to predispose this group to taking risks, but only in some circumstances (e.g. “hot” decisions). Factors such as task context or additional incentives can not only increase but also decrease risk-taking in young people, resulting in more caution on their behalf.
The impact of acute pain self-efficacy on pain intensity and the accurate recall of pain
Authors: Ruben Mollie A. , Jodoin Adriana N. , Hall Judith A. , Blanch-Hartigan Danielle 
Published: March 2018

BackgroundPain self-efficacy is one’s belief in the ability to control and persist through pain. The purpose of this study was to examine the relationships between pain self-efficacy, immediate and delayed pain ratings, and accurate pain recall two weeks after an acute pain procedure.Participants and procedureTwo hundred three participants completed a tourniquet pain procedure. Pain self-efficacy was measured. An immediate pain rating was collected immediately following the procedure. A delayed pain rating was assessed in a two-week follow-up survey. Accurate pain recall was assessed by examining the difference between participants’ immediate pain rating and their delayed pain rating.ResultsHigher levels of pain self-efficacy were related to lower delayed pain rating two weeks later but not related to immediate pain ratings. Participants with higher pain self-efficacy were significantly more likely to underestimate their pain two weeks later than participants with lower pain self-efficacy, who tended to overestimate their previous pain.ConclusionsThis research highlights the important role of pain self-efficacy on the recall of pain. Those with higher pain self-efficacy were more likely to underestimate their pain two weeks later, while those with lower pain self-efficacy tended to overestimate their previous pain. Healthcare providers and caregivers should consider patients’ pain self-efficacy in interpreting reports of pain, especially when these reports recall past pain.
Comparison and evaluation of anthropogenic emissions of SO2 and NOx over China
Authors: Li Meng , Klimont Zbigniew , Zhang Qiang , Martin Randall V. , Zheng Bo , Heyes Chris , Cofala Janusz , Zhang Yuxuan , He Kebin 
Published: March 2018

Abstract. Bottom-up emission inventories provide primary understanding of sources of air pollution and essential input of chemical transport models. Focusing on SO2 and NOx, we conducted a comprehensive evaluation of two widely used anthropogenic emission inventories over China, ECLIPSE and MIX, to explore the potential sources of uncertainties and find clues to improve emission inventories. We first compared the activity rates and emission factors used in two inventories and investigated the reasons of differences and the impacts on emission estimates. We found that SO2 emission estimates are consistent between two inventories (with 1 % differences), while NOx emissions in ECLIPSE's estimates are 16 % lower than those of MIX. The FGD (flue-gas desulfurization) device penetration rate and removal efficiency, LNB (low-NOx burner) application rate and abatement efficiency in power plants, emission factors of industrial boilers and various vehicle types, and vehicle fleet need further verification. Diesel consumptions are quite uncertain in current inventories. Discrepancies at the sectorial and provincial levels are much higher than those of the national total. We then examined the impacts of different inventories on model performance by using the nested GEOS-Chem model. We finally derived top-down emissions by using the retrieved columns from the Ozone Monitoring Instrument (OMI) compared with the bottom-up estimates. High correlations were observed for SO2 between model results and OMI columns. For NOx, negative biases in bottom-up gridded emission inventories (−21 % for MIX, −39 % for ECLIPSE) were found compared to the satellite-based emissions. The emission trends from 2005 to 2010 estimated by two inventories were both consistent with satellite observations. The inventories appear to be fit for evaluation of the policies at an aggregated or national level; more work is needed in specific areas in order to improve the accuracy and robustness of outcomes at finer spatial and also technological levels. To our knowledge, this is the first work in which source comparisons detailed to technology-level parameters are made along with the remote sensing retrievals and chemical transport modeling. Through the comparison between bottom-up emission inventories and evaluation with top-down information, we identified potential directions for further improvement in inventory development.
δ11B as monitor of calcification site pH in divergent marine calcifying organisms
Authors: Sutton Jill N. , Liu Yi-Wei , Ries Justin B. , Guillermic Maxence , Ponzevera Emmanuel , Eagle Robert A. 
Published: March 2018

Abstract. The boron isotope composition (δ11B) of marine biogenic carbonates has been predominantly studied as a proxy for monitoring past changes in seawater pH and carbonate chemistry. However, a number of assumptions regarding chemical kinetics and thermodynamic isotope exchange reactions are required to derive seawater pH from δ11B biogenic carbonates. It is also probable that δ11B of biogenic carbonate reflects seawater pH at the organism's site of calcification, which may or may not reflect seawater pH. Here, we report the development of methodology for measuring the δ11B of biogenic carbonate samples at the multi-collector inductively coupled mass spectrometry facility at Ifremer (Plouzané, France) and the evaluation of δ11BCaCO3 in a diverse range of marine calcifying organisms reared for 60 days in isothermal seawater (25 °C) equilibrated with an atmospheric pCO2 of ca. 409 µatm. Average δ11BCaCO3 composition for all species evaluated in this study range from 16.27 to 35.09 ‰, including, in decreasing order, coralline red alga Neogoniolithion sp. (35.89 ± 3.71 ‰), temperate coral Oculina arbuscula (24.12 ± 0.19 ‰), serpulid worm Hydroides crucigera (19.26 ± 0.16 ‰), tropical urchin Eucidaris tribuloides (18.71 ± 0.26 ‰), temperate urchin Arbacia punctulata (16.28 ± 0.86 ‰), and temperate oyster Crassostrea virginica (16.03 ‰). These results are discussed in the context of each species' proposed mechanism of biocalcification and other factors that could influence skeletal and shell δ11B, including calcifying site pH, the proposed direct incorporation of isotopically enriched boric acid (instead of borate) into biogenic calcium carbonate, and differences in shell/skeleton polymorph mineralogy. We conclude that the large inter-species variability in δ11BCaCO3 (ca. 20 ‰) and significant discrepancies between measured δ11BCaCO3 and δ11BCaCO3 expected from established relationships between abiogenic δ11BCaCO3 and seawater pH arise primarily from fundamental differences in calcifying site pH amongst the different species. These results highlight the potential utility of δ11B as a proxy of calcifying site pH for a wide range of calcifying taxa and underscore the importance of using species-specific seawater-pH–δ11BCaCO3 calibrations when reconstructing seawater pH from δ11B of biogenic carbonates.
Hermite-Hadamard type inequalities for generalized convex functions on fractal sets style
Authors: Tomar Muharrem , Agarwal Praveen , Choi Junesang 
Published: March 2018

We aim to establish certain generalized Hermite-Hadamard's inequalities for generalized convex functions via local fractional integral. As special cases of some of the results presented here, certain interesting inequalities involving generalized arithmetic and logarithmic means are obtained.
Writing Life in the Twenty-First Century: The Body and the Self in Paul Auster's Winter Journal and Juan José Millás's El Mundo
Authors: Brady Jennifer 
Published: March 2018

Abstract
In Winter Journal (2012) and El mundo (2007), Auster and Millás revert to the primacy of the physical body as they record memories of the past. The discursive representation of the physical body in these two works emphasizes the complex nature of language. In these life narratives, written language is the best tool in the search for subjectivity, yet it also impedes getting closer to knowing the self. This current study analyzes experiences of the physical body in written language and the complex relationship between physicality and unintelligibility.
Another Pluralism: Reading Dostoevsky Across the Sea of Marmara
Authors: Kebranian Nanor 
Published: March 2018

Abstract
Reading Fyodor Dostoevsky across the Sea of Marmara, Ottoman-Armenian author, Hagop Oshagan (1883–1948), discovered an unprecedented possibility for conceptualizing and representing non-Muslim Ottoman reality. The following discussion presents this possibility as a case of metacommunal pluralism; a pluralism not based on communally differentiated orthodoxies of ethno-national, linguistic, or confessional singularity, but rather, consisting of heterodoxical pluralities. Oshagan deviates from conventional interpretations, both positive and negative, of Ottoman pluralism as a system of communal differentiation comprised of discrete ethno-confessional units. The Dostoevskyan aspects of Oshagan's writing suggest, instead, an “underground” of extensive intersectionality that casts the truth of such conventional interpretations of Ottoman communality into doubt, showing the porousness, tensions, limits, and contradictions endemic to Ottoman minority existence.
The development of a nurse-driven protocol for the safe administration of vasopressors through peripheral intravenous catheters
Authors: Padrone Laura , Galiczewski Janet , Amitrano Bernadette , Koenig Seth , Narasimhan Mangala , Mayo Paul H. 
Published: March 2018

Aim: The purpose of this quality improvement project was to develop a nurse-driven protocol to provide a safer, quicker, and less complication-prone alternative for the administration of vasopressors.Background: The use of vasopressor medication is a common life saving intervention used to achieve hemodynamic stability in critically ill patients. Vasopressor infusions are routinely administered through central venous catheters (CVC) for fear that extravasation into subcutaneous tissue will result in ischemic injury. There are many potential complications of obtaining central venous access for vasopressor use, including pneumothoraces, arterial punctures and hematomas.Design: Quality improvement project.Methods: An interdisciplinary team developed a written protocol for the administration of vasopressors through peripheral intravenous (PIV) catheters based on the available scientific evidence. Key components of this quality improvement project were patient safety, a team approach and skilled monitoring of the infusion site. Critical care nurses were responsible for the line insertion, maintenance and identification of possible extravasation. All catheters placed were confirmed by ultrasonography and if extravasation of medication was suspected, the extravasation protocol was followed without delay.Results: The protocol developed was utilized in a study by Cardenas-Garcia et al. (2015). Extravasation occurred in 19 of 734 patients (2%) without any tissue injury following the use of the extravasation protocol. This evidence-based protocol for peripherally administered vasopressors decreased central line use and the potential complications from the placement of CVCs. Strict adherence to this evidence-based nurse-driven protocol was essential for the safe administration of vasopressors via PIV access.Conclusion/Clinical relevance: Peripheral administration of vasopressors has many beneficial implications for nursing practice. A nurse-driven protocol for peripheral vasopressors can eliminate the need for CVCs, which will reduce the incidence of central line-associated blood stream infections and decrease the number of central line days. This also may eliminate potential complications from CVC placement. Lastly, peripherally administered vasopressors may prevent a delay in treatment often experienced with placement of a central line.
The Modern Rehabilitation Medicine Enigma: Treating People with Disabilities, but Sometimes without a Clear Diagnosis
Authors: Ohry Avi 
Published: March 2018

Background. The process of a comprehensive rehabilitation of the disabled person may be more complicated when the diagnosis becomes vague and uncertain. Unknown data about the patient’s past, mental, physical or vocational background, may cast a different light on the process. The patient’s diagnosis sometimes becomes an enigma. Using the model of Venn, the patient’s situation shifts from one circle to another. The only logical solution in these cases is to use the Occam’s Razor.
Purpose. To draw the attention of rehabilitation medicine professionals to the problem of clients whose diagnoses are vague and uncertain and to share with the readers my personal thoughts on this topic.
Methods. Reviewing literature and sharing with the readers the author’s 43 years of clinical experience in the field of rehabilitation medicine.
Results and Conclusions. A PubMed query revealed 1479 articles with the words „diagnostic enigma”. The search term „diagnostic enigma in rehabilitation medicine” resulted only in four articles. In the long process of rehabilitation of disabled patients, some patients’ diagnoses change during the hospitalization phase and some diagnoses become unclear. The rehabilitation process becomes complicated and sometimes incomplete.
Implications for Rehabilitation Medicine:
1.	In most instances, patients are referred to rehabilitation medicine facilities with definite diagnoses.
2.	The long process of a comprehensive rehabilitation of the disabled person may be more complicated when, prior to the discharge, the final diagnosis becomes vague and uncertain.
3.	Facts about the patient’s past mental, physical or vocational background may cast a different light on the process. The patient’s diagnosis sometimes becomes an enigma.
Determinants of Firm Innovation in Indonesia: The Role of Institutions and Access to Finance
Authors: Mahendra Edo , Zuhdi Ubaidillah , Muyanto Ratnawati 
Published: March 2018

This paper investigates the determinants of firm innovation in Indonesia. Using quality of local regulations index constructed by the Indonesia’s Regional Autonomy Watch (KPPOD) as measure of institutions, We found that better institutional quality at the local level was associated with more innovation and that firms experiencing major obstacle in access to finance were less likely to innovate. Access to finance is more critical for small and medium enterprises (SMEs) whereas institutional quality is more important for large firms. The positive impact of better institutions on innovation is asymmetrically distributed. Better local institutional quality disproportionately benefited non-constrained firms.AbstrakMakalah ini menyelidiki faktor-faktor penentu terjadinya inovasi pada perusahaan di Indonesia. Sebagai proksi kelembagaan digunakan variabel Peraturan Daerah yang dibuat oleh Komite Pemantuan Pelaksanaan Otonomi Daerah (KPPOD). Penelitian ini menemukan bahwa kualitas kelembagaan yang baik pada tingkat daerah erat kaitannya dengan tingkat inovasi yang lebih tinggi dan perusahaan-perusahaan yang mengalami kendala akses keuangan cenderung tidak melakukan inovasi. Faktor akses keuangan lebih menentukan bagi perkembangan inovasi perusahaan perusahaan kecil dan menengah sedangkan kualitas kelembagaan lebih menentukan bagi perusahaan besar. Dampak positif dari kelembagaan yang baik terhadap tingkat inovasi terdistribusikan secara asimetris dan faktor kelembagaan yang baik lebih berdampak positif terhadap perusahaan yang tidak mengalami kendala keuangan.Kata kunci: Akses Keuangan; Inovasi Perusahaan; Faktor Penentu Inovasi; Kesenjangan Inovasi; KelembagaanJEL classifications: O38; O53; G38