bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Factors Associated with Level of Patient Activation and Its Role to Glycemic Control and among Adults with Type II Diabetes Attending Diabetic Clinic at Hospitals in Addis Ababa
Authors: Assefa Selomon , Endris Kedir , Ashencho Demeke , Eyasu Mebrahtu 
Published: July 2019

Introduction: Lifestyle interventions as supper arranging and exercise assume a significant job in a Diabetes Self-Management Education (DSME) program. The impact of poly-pharmacy on way of life changes, for example, nourishment and exercise isn't surely known. Deciding and evaluating patient's dimension of enactment and its association with physical action level, supper arranging, and poly-pharmacy in patients with Type II diabetes is a significant standard for Diabetes Self-Management mediations.
Objective: The aim of this study was to determine patient activation levels and associated factors among type II diabetic patents attending diabetic clinic at hospitals in Addis Ababa.
Methods: Institutional based cross-sectional examination configuration was led. This investigation was led on 423 Type II diabetic patients going to diabetic facilities at emergency clinics in Addis Ababa. Study members were chosen by utilizing orderly arbitrary examining procedure. A pre-tried organized survey was utilized to gather the information. Understanding Activation Measure (PAM-13) was utilized to survey tolerant actuation levels. Information were entered and dissected utilizing SPSS rendition 23 for windows. Concentrate members' qualities were portrayed as far as mean (Standard deviation) and recurrence (extent). Bivariate examination and various calculated relapse investigations were completed to recognize free factors related with patient enactment among sort II diabetes patients.
Results: The mean (SD) age of the study participants was 55.7(±9.8) years. Majority of the study participants, 319 (77.8%) had low meal planning knowledge, 62.4% of patients involved in low physical activity and 82.2% had poor glycemic control. About 75.6% of the patients had low activation and the remaining 24.4% had high activation. The independent factors associated with lower activation were Illiterate educational status (AOR=2.4, 95% CI: 1.5-3.3), low physical activity (AOR=1.8, 95% CI: 1.4-2.9), low meal planning knowledge (AOR=1.5, 95% CI: 1.3-2.4), chronic comorbidities (AOR=2.1, 95% CI: 1.6-3.9) and poor glycemic control (AOR = 4.2, 95% CI: 2.4–7.5).
Conclusions: The findings revealed that majority of diabetic II patients had low activation; indicating patients had low knowledge and understanding regarding the influence of lifestyle in diabetes management. Illiterate educational status, low physical activity, low meal planning knowledge, chronic comorbidities and poor glycemic control were significantly associated with lower activation.
Manufacture of Biogas from the Anaerobic Treatment of Cow Dung from Federal University of Technology, Owerri Livestock Farm
Authors: Ugwu O. E. , Igbanny J. U. , Ademiju T. S. 
Published: July 2019

Energy from hydrocarbon compounds has over the years been expensive and also played a part in negative health implications amongst others, for this reason alternative sources of energy have been sort for. In the quest for a healthier, more cost-effective energy, cow dung as a renewable source has been proven to be very efficient. This study investigated the manufacture of biogas using cow dung from School of Agriculture and Agricultural Technology (S.A.A.T) livestock farm located in Federal University of Technology, Owerri, Imo State, Nigeria.
25 kg of the cow dung was used in this study. The digestion was carried out in a 50L anaerobic digester at a temperature of 30°C - 36°C and uncontrolled pH for a period of 40 days. The average quantity of biogas produced through the period was 10.39 liters, representing 46% of the total biogas production. The average temperature was 33.0°C. The utilization of cow dung as fuel will also help in the management of waste within the livestock farm. As an eco-friendly source of energy, the biomass generated after digestion can be utilized to improve soil fertility.
Unripe Rind and Pulp of Ananas comosus Accelerate Wound Healing in Diabetic Wistar Rat
Authors: Ajani Rotimi Sunday , Opadokun Nurudeen Abiola 
Published: July 2019

Objective: One of the sequelae of diabetes mellitus is chronic foot ulcer. This study investigated wound healing propensity of the pulp and rind of Ananas comosus (a widely cultivated fruit with many health benefits) in diabetic wistar rats.
Methods: The excisional wounds of twenty four adult wistar rats with induced diabetes in four groups of six each were dressed with the pulp powder (PPD), pulp extract (PED), rind powder (RPD) and rind extract (RED) of A. comosus daily till healed. Also the mean wound contraction rates were calculated from the wound areas every three days. Granulation tissue was biopsied from an animal per group on day 3, 6 and 9 for histopathological evaluation. Each of these groups had a corresponding equal number control group with similar procedures performed.
Results: The mean wound contraction rates of the rind pulp diabetic (RPD) and rind extract diabetic (RED) groups paralleled those of their respective control group (RPC, REC) as they were not significantly different. Also amongst the diabetic groups, the rind of A. comosus demonstrated greater wound healing capability over the respective pulp counterpart (PPD, PED) as evidenced by significantly higher mean wound contraction rates. Histopathologic features of the granulation tissues and scars of the diabetic groups were similar to those of the control groups.
Conclusion: Although, both the rind and pulp of unripe A. comosus either in extract or powder formulation were shown in this study to possess excellent healing potentials in diabetic wounds, the rind appeared to be better off and may be a viable alternative to the wound dressing materials currently in use in the management of diabetic wounds / ulcers.
Magnesium Regulates Endothelial Barrier Functions through TRPM7, MagT1, and S1P1
Authors: Zhu Donghui , You Jing , Zhao Nan , Xu Huaxi 
Published: July 2019

AbstractMg2+‐deficiency is linked to hypertension, Alzheimer's disease, stroke, migraine headaches, cardiovascular diseases, and diabetes, etc., but its exact role in these pathophysiological conditions remains elusive. Mg2+ can regulate vascular functions, yet the mechanistic insight remains ill‐defined. Data show that extracellular Mg2+ enters endothelium mainly through the TRPM7 channel and MagT1 transporter. Mg2+ can act as an antagonist to reduce Ca2+ signaling in endothelium. Mg2+ also reduces the intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS) level and inflammation. In addition, Mg2+‐signaling increases endothelial survival and growth, adhesion, and migration. Endothelial barrier integrity is significantly enhanced with Mg2+‐treatment through S1P1‐Rac1 pathways and barrier‐stabilizing mediators including cAMP, FGF1/2, and eNOS. Mg2+ also promotes cytoskeletal reorganization and junction proteins to tighten up the barrier. Moreover, Mg2+‐deficiency enhances endothelial barrier permeability in mice, and Mg2+‐treatment rescues histamine‐induced transient vessel hyper‐permeability in vivo. In summary, Mg2+‐deficiency can cause deleterious effects in endothelium integrity, and Mg2+‐treatment may be effective in the prevention or treatment of vascular dysfunction.
Phenotype delineation of ZNF462 related syndrome
Authors: Kruszka Paul , Hu Tommy , Hong Sungkook , Signer Rebecca , Cogné Benjamin , Isidor Betrand , Mazzola Sarah E. , Giltay Jacques C. , van Gassen Koen L. I. , England Eleina M. , Pais Lynn , Ockeloen Charlotte W. , Sanchez‐Lara Pedro A. , Kinning Esther , Adams Darius J. , Treat Kayla , Torres‐Martinez Wilfredo , Bedeschi Maria F. , Iascone Maria , Blaney Stephanie , Bell Oliver , Tan Tiong Y. , Delrue Marie‐Ange , Jurgens Julie , Barry Brenda J. , Engle Elizabeth C. , Savage Sarah K. , Fleischer Nicole , Martinez‐Agosto Julian A. , Boycott Kym , Zackai Elaine H. , Muenke Maximilian 
Published: July 2019

AbstractZinc finger protein 462 (ZNF462) is a relatively newly discovered vertebrate specific protein with known critical roles in embryonic development in animal models. Two case reports and a case series study have described the phenotype of 10 individuals with ZNF462 loss of function variants. Herein, we present 14 new individuals with loss of function variants to the previous studies to delineate the syndrome of loss of function in ZNF462. Collectively, these 24 individuals present with recurring phenotypes that define a multiple congenital anomaly syndrome. Most have some form of developmental delay (79%) and a minority has autism spectrum disorder (33%). Characteristic facial features include ptosis (83%), down slanting palpebral fissures (58%), exaggerated Cupid's bow/wide philtrum (54%), and arched eyebrows (50%). Metopic ridging or craniosynostosis was found in a third of study participants and feeding problems in half. Other phenotype characteristics include dysgenesis of the corpus callosum in 25% of individuals, hypotonia in half, and structural heart defects in 21%. Using facial analysis technology, a computer algorithm applying deep learning was able to accurately differentiate individuals with ZNF462 loss of function variants from individuals with Noonan syndrome and healthy controls. In summary, we describe a multiple congenital anomaly syndrome associated with haploinsufficiency of ZNF462 that has distinct clinical characteristics and facial features.
A Trial of Sertraline or Cognitive Behavior Therapy for Depression in Epilepsy
Authors: Gilliam Frank G. , Black Kevin J. , Carter Jewell , Freedland Kenneth E. , Sheline Yvette I. , Tsai Wei‐Yann , Lustman Patrick J. 
Published: July 2019

ObjectiveLimited evidence is available to guide treatment of depression for persons with epilepsy. We evaluated the comparative effectiveness of sertraline and cognitive behavior therapy (CBT) for depression, quality of life, seizures, and adverse treatment effects.MethodsWe randomly assigned 140 adult outpatients with epilepsy and current major depressive disorder to sertraline or weekly CBT for 16 weeks. The primary outcome was remission from depression based on the Mini International Neuropsychiatric Interview (MINI). Secondary outcomes included the Quality of Life in Epilepsy Inventory‐89 (QOLIE‐89) seizure rates, the Adverse Events Profile (AEP), the Beck Depression Inventory, and MINI Suicide Risk Module.ResultsIn the intention‐to‐treat analysis, 38 (52.8%; 95% confidence interval [CI] = ±12) of the 72 subjects assigned to sertraline and 41 (60.3%; 95% CI = ±11.6) of the 68 subjects in the CBT group achieved remission; the lower bound of efficacy for both groups was greater than our historical placebo control group upper bound of 33.7%. Difference in time to remission between groups was 2.8 days (95% CI = ±0.43; p = 0.79). The percent improvement of mean QOLIE‐89 scores was significant for both the CBT (25.7%; p < 0.001) and sertraline (28.3%; p < 0.001) groups. The difference in occurrence of generalized tonic–clonic seizures between groups was 0.3% (95% CI = ±8.6; p = 0.95). Suicide risk at final assessment was associated with persistent depression (p < 0.0001) but not seizures or sertraline.InterpretationDepression remitted in just over one‐half of subjects following sertraline or CBT. Despite the complex psychosocial disability associated with epilepsy, improving depression benefits quality of life. Serotonin reuptake inhibition does not appear to increase seizures or suicidality in persons with epilepsy. ANN NEUROL 2019;86:552–560
Midpoint transverse process to pleura catheter placement for postoperative analgesia following video‐assisted thoracoscopic surgery
Authors: Watton D. E. , Rose P. G. D. , Abdallah F. W. , Thompson C. P. , Maziak D. E. , Costache I. 
Published: July 2019

SummaryThe ultrasound‐guided midpoint transverse process to pleura block has been described as an alternative end‐point for thoracic paravertebral blockade. Although originally described as a single‐level block, midpoint transverse process to pleura blockade may cover more than one level when larger volumes of injectate are used. Moreover, a continuous catheter midpoint transverse process to pleura blockade technique was previously thought to be unfeasible. We report three cases where a midpoint transverse process to pleura continuous catheter technique was successfully used for postoperative analgesia following video‐assisted thoracoscopic surgery.
Half‐sandwich Ru (II) complexes containing (N, O) Schiff base ligands: Catalysts for base‐free transfer hydrogenation of ketones
Authors: Satheesh C.E. , Sathish Kumar Pushpanathan N. , Kumara P. Raghavendra , Karvembu Ramasamy , Hosamani Amar , Nethaji M. 
Published: July 2019

Two new half‐sandwich Ru (II)(p‐cymene) complexes (1 and 2) containing dopamine‐based (N, O) Schiff base ligands (L1H and L2H) were synthesized and characterized by FT‐IR, UV–Visible and 1H & 13C NMR spectral techniques, and elemental analyses. The spectroscopic and analytical data revealed monobasic bidentate coordination of the ligands with Ru ion. The molecular structures of L1H, L2H and 2 were further confirmed by single crystal X‐ray diffraction study. Complexes 1 and 2 have been employed as catalysts in the transfer hydrogenation of ketones using 2‐propanol as a hydrogen source at 85 °C under base‐free condition. Good to the excellent yield of secondary alcohols, gram scale synthesis, and high TON and TOF made this catalytic system interesting.
Estimating the Composition of Interesterification Products Made from Triacylglycerol Oil with Glycerol and/or Propylene Glycol
Authors: Dijkstra Albert J. 
Published: July 2019

AbstractThanks to the development of personal computers and software, it is often faster and, therefore, cheaper to calculate product properties than to determine them analytically, but such calculations are only possible after the appropriate mathematical equations have been formulated. Formulating these equations may use some assumptions and parameters that have been determined experimentally. This article describes a method of calculating the composition of the ester interchange reaction product of triacylglycerol oil with glycerol and/or propylene glycol; it can be extended to include further polyols. The calculation requires the composition of the starting material, the saponification and hydroxyl values of the oil, and three parameters indicating how the fatty acid distribution in the reaction product deviates from random. These parameters are not known but can be quantified by combining the method of calculation described in this article and some analytical results.
Mountains‐to‐the‐sea conservation: An island perspective
Authors: Collier Kevin J. , Pilditch Conrad A. , Lundquist Carolyn J. 
Published: July 2019

Abstract

Island nations such as New Zealand provide valuable insights into conservation challenges posed by strongly connected and recently developed or exploited freshwater and marine ecosystems.
The narrow land mass, high rainfall, and steep terrain of New Zealand, like many other island nations, mean that land‐based stressors are rapidly transferred to freshwater habitats and propagated downstream to coastal environments via short, fast‐flowing river systems.
Freshwater and marine environments are linked through faunal life histories; for example, diadromous fishes, many of which are considered threatened or at risk of extinction, and require cross‐ecosystem conservation to ensure survival of critical life stages and persistence of source populations.
Recent invasions of marine and freshwater environments by non‐indigenous species reveal rapid impacts on a naïve biota and highlight conservation conundrums caused by management aimed at enhancing native biodiversity by improving habitat connectivity.
Understanding and managing interconnected freshwater and marine ecosystems is a key concept for local indigenous communities, and highlights socio‐cultural connectivity and sustainable local harvesting of traditional resources as key elements of contemporary marine and freshwater conservation planning in New Zealand.
Corporate social responsibility reporting and corporate governance mechanisms: An international outlook from emerging countries
Authors: Gallego‐Álvarez Isabel , Pucheta‐Martínez María Consuelo 
Published: July 2019

AbstractWithin corporate governance, the board of directors plays a major role in improving corporate transparency by increasing the disclosure of corporate social responsibility (CSR) information. In this paper, we analyse the effect of board composition, particularly board independence, board gender diversity, CEO duality, and the presence of a CSR board committee on CSR reporting. Evidence of this effect is still scarce when it concerns the effect of corporate governance mechanisms and CSR disclosure in firms pertaining to emerging market economies, and for this reason, our study focuses on this type of country. Our sample comprises 934 international firm‐year observations from the following 10 countries with emerging markets: Brazil, Chile, China, Czech Republic, Egypt, India, Mexico, Russia, South Africa, and Thailand for the period 2004–2015. This classification of countries with emerging markets is based on the Morgan Stanley Capital International (MSCI) Emerging Markets Index. Drawing on agency and stakeholder approaches, we posit four hypotheses: board independence and CSR board committees positively affect CSR disclosure, whereas board gender diversity and CEO duality have a negative effect. The results obtained reveal that in emerging market economies, the presence of women on boards of directors is quite limited and, therefore, their participation in decision‐making is minimal. Furthermore, CEO duality discourages the disclosure of CSR information, which may be justified for the family orientation of most firms in these countries, where the CEO is usually also the chairperson of the board.
Improving smallholder livelihoods and ecosystems through direct trade relations: High‐quality cocoa producers in Ecuador
Authors: Middendorp Romaike S. , Boever Olivia , Rueda Ximena , Lambin Eric F. 
Published: July 2019

AbstractGlobal trade in niche commodities has increased the influence of consumers' choices on land use change and livelihoods in developing rural areas. New niche commodity markets for fine cocoa—produced by old tree varieties frequently grown in shaded agroforestry systems—create more direct linkages between producers and buyers. We explored the socioeconomic and environmental outcomes for cocoa smallholders that participated in direct trade relations compared with smallholders that sold through mainstream markets. Household interviews were conducted with cocoa smallholders in northern Ecuador. Biodiversity conditions at farm level were monitored for 75% of surveyed households. Using a counterfactual based on genetic matching, we found that smallholders engaged in direct trade (a) captured superior prices for cocoa sales; (b) had greater access to agricultural training, technical assistance, and improved social networks; and (b) applied more nature‐friendly management practices, compared with smallholders selling through mainstream markets. However, a strong overlap between direct trading practices and organic certification made attribution of environmental benefits difficult. This overlap likely explained why farmers engaged in direct trade used more organic fertilizers and less herbicide. Shade level and plant species richness and abundance in plantations were unrelated to market participation. Additional qualitative analyses suggest that certification facilitates engagement in direct trade and that some direct buyers request certification. This study provides insights on the potential of developing value chain innovations for high‐quality commodity trade. The success of value chain innovations hinges on the competitiveness of farmers' cooperatives and involvement of governments, nongovernmental organizations, and private actors.
Boundary‐spanning search and firms' green innovation: The moderating role of resource orchestration capability
Authors: Wang Juanru , Xue Yajiong , Yang Jin 
Published: July 2019

AbstractBuilding on resource‐based theory and resource orchestration theory, we investigate the impact of two characteristics of boundary‐spanning search, search breadth and search depth, on firms' exploitative and exploratory green innovations. We also examine the moderating role of resource orchestration capability. The results of data analysis from 186 manufacturing firms in China show that both search breadth and search depth have inverted U‐shaped relationships with exploitative and exploratory green innovations. Furthermore, resource orchestration capability is found to moderate the inverted U‐shaped relationship between boundary‐spanning search and green innovation. Specifically, with high resource orchestration capability, the inverted U‐shaped relationships of search breadth with exploitative and exploratory green innovations are flattened, whereas the relationships of search depth with exploitative and exploratory green innovations are almost linear. Our research contributes to the literature on green innovation by uncovering the complex effects of boundary‐spanning search on exploitative and exploratory green innovations.
Carotid body paraganglioma
Authors: Pitchaiprasert Suwanna , Boonchaya‐Anant Patchaya , Snabboon Thiti 
Published: July 2019

AbstractCarotid body paraganglioma is commonly asymptomatic, slow‐growing, and nonfunctioning. With its relative contraindication to biopsy due to its high vascularity in nature, imaging characteristics are the key to help making the diagnosis. Treatment modalities, ranging from an observation to definitive treatment with surgery, should be selected on an individual basis.
Primary plasma cell leukemia: A case report and review of the literature
Authors: Ngu Sam , Asti Divya , Valecha Gautam , Thumallapally Nishitha , Pant Manisha , Bershadskiy Alexander 
Published: July 2019

AbstractDue to the rarity and fulminant nature of the condition, there are limited data driving dialogue for optimal treatment strategies for plasma cell leukemia (PCL). Additionally, the current diagnostic definition of PCL has not been prospectively studied which may result in delays to initiating early aggressive treatment due to underdiagnosis.
Extent of lipohypertrophy in diabetic patients—Sometimes much more than meets the eye
Authors: Harsch Igor Alexander 
Published: July 2019

AbstractLipohypertrophies frequently occur during insulin therapy. They alter insulin absorption, causing higher insulin requirements (and costs), fluctuating blood glucose and episodes of unpredictable hypoglycemia. Screening is mandatory, as well as assessment of their actual size. Counseling recommending regular changes of the injection sites (“rotating”) is important to prevent LH.
Optimal Control for Chemical Reactors with Distributed Parameters Using Genetic Algorithms
Authors: Woinaroschy Alexandru 
Published: July 2019

AbstractGenetic algorithms (GA) have been very seldom applied in the optimization of chemical reactors with distributed parameters, described by models containing differential equations. GA are applied here in the frame of four case studies. In all four cases, the GA are superior in comparison to other methods, such as maximum principle (up to 20.72 %), simulated annealing (up to 0.11 %), and particle swarm optimization (up to 36.74 %). Possibly, the solutions obtained by GA can be improved by a better selection of the values of the method parameters, but this was not the aim of the present work. The use of optimal control can produce an important economic improvement, especially by increasing the selectivity, which significantly enhances the use of raw materials.