bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Correlations of IL-17 and NF-κB gene polymorphisms with susceptibility and prognosis in acute respiratory distress syndrome in a chinese population
Authors: Xie Meimei , Cheng Bihuan , Ding Yueping , Wang Changliang , Chen Jianshi 
Published: January 2019

Abstract
The present study was performed to investigate the association between interleukin-17 (IL-17) and nuclear factor κB (NF-κB) gene polymorphisms and the risk and prognosis of acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) in a Chinese population. A total of 210 Chinese patients with ARDS were selected as the study group, 210 individuals who were identified as at-risk patients but did not meet criteria for ARDS were recruited as the control group. Three single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) of IL-17, including rs763780 (A&gt;G), rs2275913 (G&gt;A), rs8193036 (C&gt;T) and NF-κB1 gene rs3774934 (G&gt;A) loci were examined by Sanger sequencing technique in the peripheral blood of all subjects. Patients were followed for 30-day survival. The IL-17 rs763780 and NF-κB1 rs3774934 SNPs had no impact on ARDS risk and prognosis of ARDS (P&gt;0.05). Compared with individuals carrying the wild-type GG genotype of rs2275913 at IL-17, the AA-homozygous and GA- heterozygous individuals were protected from the development of ARDS. Consistently, a decreased 30-day mortality risk was found among A-allele carriers of rs2275913 at IL-17 (p&lt;0.05). For IL-17 rs8193036 SNP, the homozygote TT genotype and heterozygote CT genotypes were associated with increased ARDS susceptibility and 30-day mortality risk (P&lt;0.05). Besides, decreased IL-17 levels were found in A-allele carriers of IL-17 rs2275913, whereas individuals carrying T-allele of IL-17 rs8193036 were found to have significantly increased levels of IL-17 (P&lt;0.05). Our results suggested that two functional polymorphisms of IL-17, rs2275913 and rs8193036 were associated with ARDS risk and prognosis, indicating that the two genetic variants might act as possible markers for the prediction of ARDS risk and development.
Regulation of cholinergic basal forebrain development, connectivity, and function by neurotrophin receptors
Authors: Boskovic Zoran , Meier Sonja , Wang Yunpeng , Milne Michael R. , Onraet Tessa , Tedoldi Angelo , Coulson Elizabeth J. 
Published: January 2019

AbstractCholinergic basal forebrain (cBF) neurons are defined by their expression of the p75 neurotrophin receptor (p75NTR) and tropomyosin-related kinase (Trk) neurotrophin receptors in addition to cholinergic markers. It is known that the neurotrophins, particularly nerve growth factor (NGF), mediate cholinergic neuronal development and maintenance. However, the role of neurotrophin signalling in regulating adult cBF function is less clear, although in dementia, trophic signalling is reduced and p75NTR mediates neurodegeneration of cBF neurons. Here we review the current understanding of how cBF neurons are regulated by neurotrophins which activate p75NTR and TrkA, B or C to influence the critical role that these neurons play in normal cortical function, particularly higher order cognition. Specifically, we describe the current evidence that neurotrophins regulate the development of basal forebrain neurons and their role in maintaining and modifying mature basal forebrain synaptic and cortical microcircuit connectivity. Understanding the role neurotrophin signalling plays in regulating the precision of cholinergic connectivity will contribute to the understanding of normal cognitive processes and will likely provide additional ideas for designing improved therapies for the treatment of neurological disease in which cholinergic dysfunction has been demonstrated.
Allophony in English Language Learners: The Case of Tap in English and Spanish
Authors: Burrows Lauren , Jarmulowicz Linda , Oller D. Kimbrough 
Published: January 2019

PurposeThe objective of this study was to examine tap production by English language learners (ELLs) in kindergarten whose 1st language is Spanish. The conflicting status of tap in Spanish and English could present challenges for allophonic learning in 2nd language for ELLs. Prior research has evaluated acquisition of other allophone pairs, but none has focused exclusively on tap.MethodThirty ELLs, 30 English monolinguals, and 29 Spanish monolinguals participated in the study. Participants completed a single-word repetition task in which numerous opportunities to produce tap were provided. Productions were phonetically transcribed and analyzed.ResultsThe great majority of taps were pronounced correctly in both languages. The allophonic status of tap in English and phonemic status in Spanish suggest ELLs could experience negative transfer in learning; however, this was not observed. A significant interaction indicated more t/d substitutions in English and more semivowel/liquid substitutions in Spanish, contradicting the expectation of negative transfer. ELLs were also significantly more accurate at producing tap in Spanish than English.ConclusionFindings suggest that, at early kindergarten, ELL children rapidly adapted to English patterns of tap production even though Spanish and English conflict in phonemic/allophonic status of tap. This study was preliminary, and further investigation is warranted.
What Clinicians Need to Know About Early Literacy Development in Children With Hearing Loss
Authors: Runnion Elizabeth , Gray Shelley 
Published: January 2019

Purpose
Children with hearing loss may not reach the same level of reading proficiency as their peers with typical development. Audiologists and speech-language pathologists (SLPs) have important roles to play in preventing this problem early in children's development. In this tutorial, we aim to communicate how the habilitation practices of audiologists and intervention services of SLPs can support early literacy skill development in children with hearing loss.

Method
We describe key findings from peer-reviewed research articles to provide a review of early literacy skill development, to explain the relationship between early literacy skills and conventional reading skills, and to highlight findings from early literacy skill intervention studies that included children with hearing loss who use spoken language. We conclude with a hypothetical case study to illustrate how audiologists and SLPs can support early literacy acquisition in children with hearing loss.

Conclusion
Findings from studies of young children with hearing loss suggest that a promising approach to improving reading outcomes is to provide explicit early literacy instruction and intervention.
EUS-guided pancreatic radiofrequency ablation: preclinical comparison of two currently available devices in a pig model
Authors: Barret Maximilien , Leblanc Sarah , Rouquette Alexandre , Chaussade Stanislas , Terris Benoit , Prat Frédéric 
Published: January 2019

Abstract
Introduction Two devices are currently available to perform pancreatic radiofrequency ablation (P-RFA). Potential clinical indications might extend from the treatment of pancreatic cystic lesions to ablation of small pancreatic solid lesions or cytoreduction of advanced pancreatic adenocarcinomas, but more preclinical data from animal models are needed to optimize P-RFA operation.
Methods P-RFA was performed under laparotomy and under endoscopic ultrasonographic guidance on the liver and pancreatic parenchyma of four live swine using the Habib EUS RFA (EMcision Ltd, London, UK) probe and the EUS-RA needle (Taewoong Medical, Gyeonggi-do, South Korea). Animals were sacrificed 2 hours after the procedure. Influence of tuning ablation time and power on tissue ablation were studied by histopathological assessment of the maximal depth of tissue damage on representative slides for each P-RFA shot.
Results The Habib probe in the liver parenchyma resulted in tissue necrosis increasing within the range of 1.9 ± 0.5 mm (Power = 8 W, Time = 120 s) to 2.5 ± 1 mm (Power = 10 W, Time = 120 s). In the pancreatic parenchyma, tissue damage ranged from 3.1 ± 0.4 mm (Power = 8 W, Time = 120 s) to 2.3 ± 0.1 mm (12 W, 120 s) in depth. EUS RFA ablation of the liver parenchyma resulted in tissue damage ranging from 1.6 ± 0.2 mm (Power = 30 W, Time = 11 s) to 1.5 ± 0.1 mm (Power = 70 W, Time = 9 s); in the pancreas, ablation depth ranged from 3.6 ± 0.5 mm (Power = 30 W, Time = 15 s) to 3.8 ± 0.4 mm (Power = 70 W, Time = 11 s).
Conclusion Both devices allow for effective ablation of pancreatic tissue within 1.5 to 3.8 mm around the RFA electrode, with a modest influence of tuning power settings. Specific settings are recommended for each of the devices studied. Ablation of larger lesions may require more repeat P-RFA shots in different locations rather than a simple modulation of ablation parameters.
Fertility After Ovarian Cystectomy: How Does Surgery Affect IVF/ICSI Outcomes?
Authors: Gomez Ruth , Schorsch Martin , Gerhold-Ay Aslihan , Hasenburg Annette , Seufert Rudolf , Skala Christine 
Published: January 2019

Abstract
Introduction For patients considering undergoing assisted reproductive techniques (ART), many concerns arise when persistent ovarian cysts are found. This large study aimed to determine how ovarian cyst removal affects success rates of IVF/ICSI therapies.
Methods 550 patients who underwent an IVF/ICSI treatment between 2002 and 2011 with a persistent ovarian cyst ≤ 5 cm before treatment were analyzed retrospectively. 328 patientsʼ preference was to undergo a laparoscopic cystectomy and 222 patients opted for a conservative management. Control subjects included 13 552 patients undergoing IVF/ICSI at the same period of time without an ovarian cyst.
Results After adjusting for age, patients with ovarian cysts without surgery needed a significant higher stimulation dose than the control group (2576.4 vs. 2207.5 IU, p < 0.001). However, on average, they had 1.13 (− 0.25 – 2.01) higher oocyte number retrieved compared to the operated patients (9.0 ± 5.5 vs. 8.2 ± 5.0) (p = 0.012). Patients after surgical cyst removal had a significant lower number of oocytes retrieved (MNOR) in comparison to the control group (8.2 ± 5.0 vs. 9.5 ± 5.4) (p = 0.00). Compared to controls, operated patients had similar clinical pregnancy rate (CPR) (34.2 vs. 33.5%) OR 1.031 (95% CI 0.817 – 1.302) (p = 0.815). Compared to controls, patients without surgery showed significant lower pregnancy rate (34.2 vs. 25,7%) OR 1.428 (95% CI 1.054 – 1.936) (p = 0.002) and lower live birth rate (LBR) (21.9 vs. 13.5%) OR 1.685 (95% CI 1.143 – 2.485) (p = 0.008).
Conclusions Ovarian cystectomy did not negatively impact the pregnancy rate or the live birth rate compared to controls.
Inadequate steroid injection after esophageal ESD might cause mural necrosis
Authors: Yamashita Satoshi , Kato Motohiko , Fujimoto Ai , Maehata Tadateru , Sasaki Motoki , Inoshita Naoko , Sato Hiroki , Suzuki Kenji , Yahagi Naohisa 
Published: January 2019

Abstract
Background and study aims Locoregional triamcinolone acetonide (TAC) injection is increasingly used for prevention of stricture after extensive endoscopic submucosal dissection (ESD) for superficial esophageal neoplasia. However, the safety of intramural TAC injection has not been elucidated. The aim of this study was to assess the clinical courses and histopathological changes after TAC injection into the muscle layer in a porcine model.
Methods Three pigs were subjected to ESD under general anesthesia. Two artificial 30-mm lesions were created at the oral and anal ends of the esophagus in each pig. TAC was injected into the muscle layer of the artificial oral ulcers (TAC group) and saline was injected into the muscle layer of the artificial anal ulcers (control group). Endoscopic, macroscopic, and histopathological evaluations were performed.
Results The artificial ulcers remained open at sacrifice on day 28 post-ESD in the three ulcers injected with TAC. Esophageal wall perforation and abscess spreading to the mediastinum were observed in two of the three ulcers in the TAC group. The abscesses involved the lungs, bronchi, and aortic adventitia. Severe inflammatory cell infiltration in the muscularis propria layer and significant muscularis propria degradation were observed in all three ulcers in the TAC group.
Conclusions This study suggests that TAC may cause deep mural damage when it is injected into the muscularis propria. Care should be taken not to inject TAC into the muscle layer when it is used to prevent post-ESD stricture formation.
Dual Infection with Hepatitis B Virus and Hepatitis C Virus Correlated with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus
Authors: Lin Ping-Yi , Chen Shu-Chu , Lo Tsai-Chang , Kuo Hsien-Wen 
Published: January 2019

Abstract
Background Conflicting data exist regarding the relationship between dual infection of hepatitis B virus (HBV) and hepatitis C virus (HCV) with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). We assessed dual infection of HBV and HCV with the levels of blood glucose and development of DM.
Methods A total of 9621 participants in a community-based study were enrolled from 18 towns in Maoli county of Taiwan. Blood samples were collected and tested for hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg) and antibodies (HBsAb), antibodies against hepatitis C virus (anti-HCV) and fasting plasma glucose. DM was defined as fasting plasma glucose≥126 mg per 100 ml.
Results Only 0.7% of total participants had HBV/HCV coinfection. The prevalence of HBV and HCV monoinfection were 9.9  and 5.7%, respectively. Adjusted blood glucose levels and development risk of T2DM (odds ratio [OR], 2.55; p<0.001) were significantly high among HBV/HCV coinfection group using multivariate linear regression adjusted for age, gender, education, race and BMI. Furthermore, using multivariate logistic regression models adjusted for covariates, HCV mono-and HBV/ HCV coinfection significantly increased on blood glucose levels.
Conclusions Our study shows HBV/HCV coinfection was significantly correlated with blood glucose levels. A significant proportion (28%) of participants with HBV/HCV coinfection developed T2DM. Although the precise mechanisms of dual positive infection of HBV and HCV are unclear, there is increasing evidence that dual infection of HCV and HBV is strongly associated with the development of T2DM.
Impact of metal and plastic stents on endoscopic ultrasound-guided aspiration cytology and core histology of head of pancreas masses
Authors: Bekkali Noor L. H. , Nayar Manu K. , Leeds John S. , Thornton Lucy , Johnson Sarah J. , Haugk Beate , Darné Antony , Howard-Tripp Nadia , Charnley Richard M. , Bassett Paul , Oppong Kofi W. 
Published: January 2019

Abstract
Background Stents are frequently placed in patients with biliary obstruction due to a mass in the head of the pancreas. The impact of plastic or self-expandable metal stents (SEMSs) on endoscopic ultrasound (EUS)-guided tissue sampling is unclear. This study aimed to assess, using strict pathological criteria, whether stents impair fine-needle aspiration (FNA) or fine-needle biopsy (FNB).
Methods All patients with a solid mass in the head of the pancreas who underwent EUS-guided tissue sampling between 2010 and 2016 at our unit were included. Factors with possible impact on diagnostic performance were analyzed using logistic regression. Analysis was performed using both strict (malignant only) and less strict (suspicious for malignancy) cutoffs.
Results Of 631 individuals undergoing 698 procedures, 535 (84.8 %) had a final diagnosis of malignancy, 141 had SEMS, 149 had plastic stents, and 341 had no stent. Using strict criteria, SEMS were associated with an increased occurrence of incorrect diagnosis of EUS tissue sampling, with an odds ratio (OR) of 1.96 (95 % confidence interval [CI] 1.24 – 3.10). Increasing tumor size (OR 0.72, 95 %CI 0.59 – 0.87), increasing number of passes (OR 0.84, 95 %CI 0.72 – 0.99), and fork-tip biopsy needle (OR 0.52, 95 %CI 0.31 – 0.86) were independently associated with a decrease in incorrect diagnosis. Repeat tissue sampling was more common with SEMSs (10.2 %) than with plastic stents (2.9 %) or no stents (4.5 %) (P < 0.02).
Conclusion SEMS use had a negative impact on tissue diagnosis in pancreatic head masses, whereas use of a fork-tip biopsy needle and increasing number of passes were independently associated with improved accuracy.
Intra-Arterial Peptide Receptor Radionuclide Therapy for Neuroendocrine Tumor Liver Metastases
Authors: Ebbers Sander , Barentsz Maarten , Braat Arthur , Lam Marnix 
Published: January 2019

Purpose Currently, peptide receptor radionuclide therapy (PRRT) with lutetium-177 (177Lu)-DOTATATE is used in patients with progressive neuroendocrine neoplasms (NEN) as salvage therapy. The standard treatment schedule consists of multiple cycles of intravenous (IV) administration. However, patients with liver metastases suffer from reduced tumor targeting and worse response and survival. This review provides an overview of the available evidence on the intra-arterial (IA) administration of radionuclide-labeled somatostatin analogues.
Methods Databases of PubMed and Embase were searched systematically in May 2018 for studies that addressed IA PRRT. Included studies were original research publications focusing on absorbed tumor dose or tumor response after IA administration of PRRT for NEN. Publications on combined PRRT with other therapies or treatment of nonhepatic sites were excluded. Included publications were critically appraised on quality and their results reported accordingly.
Results Seven publications were included in this review, including a total of 114 patients treated IA with different types of radiopeptides. Objective response was seen in 13 to 69% of the patients and disease stabilization in 18 to 52%. Disease progression occurred in 0 to 29% of the patients. IA administration resulted in a 1.06 to 9.2-fold increase in tumor-to-nontumor dose ratios in liver tumors, while normal liver and kidney doses remained within expected ranges. The incidence of adverse events was comparable to IV administration.
Conclusion There is limited evidence that IA application of PRRT results in higher tumor-to-non-tumor dose ratios compared with IV infusion. IA administration of 177Lu-DOTATATE seems to be a promising new improvement in current clinical practice, achieving a higher absorbed tumor dose in patients with hepatic metastases of NEN.
Polar vacuolar distribution is essential for accurate asymmetric division of
Arabidopsis
zygotes
Authors: Kimata Yusuke , Kato Takehide , Higaki Takumi , Kurihara Daisuke , Yamada Tomomi , Segami Shoji , Morita Miyo Terao , Maeshima Masayoshi , Hasezawa Seiichiro , Higashiyama Tetsuya , Tasaka Masao , Ueda Minako 
Published: January 2019

Significance
The vacuole is one of the largest plant organelles. It occupies the basal region of the zygote and is mostly inherited in the basal daughter cell after zygotic division. In spite of the obvious asymmetry, how dynamically the vacuole is distributed and whether it contributes to apical–basal axis formation are unknown. In the present study, we report that the vacuole actively changes its shape and size and positions along actin filaments. We further show that vacuolar distribution supports nuclear localization at the opposite cell end, and thus ensures asymmetric division of the zygote. These results provide insights into cooperative organelle positioning during zygote polarization and the crucial roles of vacuoles in the initial steps of plant ontogeny.
In vivo measurement of trabecular meshwork stiffness in a corticosteroid-induced ocular hypertensive mouse model
Authors: Li Guorong , Lee Chanyoung , Agrahari Vibhuti , Wang Ke , Navarro Iris , Sherwood Joseph M. , Crews Karen , Farsiu Sina , Gonzalez Pedro , Lin Cheng-Wen , Mitra Ashim K. , Ethier C. Ross , Stamer W. Daniel 
Published: January 2019

Significance
Glaucoma is the leading cause of irreversible blindness worldwide. The primary and only modifiable risk factor for the development of glaucoma is elevated intraocular pressure (IOP), and lowering IOP effectively slows glaucomatous disease progression. Unfortunately, the majority of available treatments do not target, or intentionally bypass, the diseased and stiffened glaucomatous outflow tissues responsible for IOP elevation. We recently established that conventional outflow tissue stiffness reflects tissue function. Therefore, detection of outflow tissue stiffness using noncontact, noninvasive optical coherence tomography, as we here demonstrate in an animal model of glaucoma, represents a valuable tool for assessing outflow tissue functional status. Such technology has the potential to monitor recently approved treatments targeting the outflow tissues, and to inform glaucoma surgery decisions.
Pragmatic differentiation of negative markers in the early stages of Jespersen’s cycle in North Germanic
Authors: Blaxter Tam , Willis David 
Published: January 2019

AbstractThis article investigates the pragmatic function of new negative markers during incipient renewal of negation in ‘Jespersen’s cycle’. We outline a typology of these markers, suggesting a pathway by which they begin as specialized for use with discourse-old propositions and later expand to inferred propositions before finally becoming possible with discourse-new propositions. This framework is applied to an overlooked case of Jespersen’s cycle in North Germanic: replacement of early Norwegianei(gi) “not” byekki(originally “nothing”) from 1250 to 1550. We document a sharp rise in frequency ofekkiaround 1425, suggesting that, until then,ekkihad been restricted to negating discourse-old propositions. Once this constraint was lifted,ei(gi) andekkicompeted directly, resulting in rapid replacement ofei(gi) byekki. This typologically unusual direct replacement of a negator with no intervening doubling stage can be attributed to the new negator’s origin as a negative indefinite and the lack of negative concord in early Norwegian.
Competing motivations in the diachronic nominalization of English gerunds
Authors: Fonteyn Lauren , Maekelberghe Charlotte 
Published: January 2019

AbstractThe present study is an in-depth, corpus-based analysis of the rise and institutionalization of the indefinite nominal gerund in Late Modern English, considering the observed developments in light of their interactions with functionally related constructions. Based on historical data taken from the Corpus of Late Modern English Texts (version 3.1), we argue that the rise of indefinite nominal gerunds constitutes an instance ofdiachronic nominalization, in which the nominal gerund over time gradually comes to exploit a fuller range of paradigmatic properties associated with the nominal class. At the same time, this study investigates the potential influence ofisomorphismon the observed developments. While the results do support the frequently investigated claim that language systems have a (weak) preference for a one-form-one-meaning organization in later stages of their development, the initial emergence of indefinite nominal gerunds can more accurately be explained by allowingsystem pressureas an enabling force of linguistic innovation. The picture presented in this study serves as evidence that the long-term development of linguistic constructions can be the result ofcompeting –even maximally opposite –forces.