bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Stabilising mannose using sodium dithionite at alkaline conditions
Authors: Lindén Pär A. , Lindström Mikael E. , Lawoko Martin , Henriksson Gunnar 
Published: May 2019

AbstractThe kraft process remains the dominant chemical pulping process but still struggles with extensive hemicellulose degradation. Such degradation has previously been mitigated through the use of anthraquinone; but due to it recently being found to have carcinogenic properties, anthraquinone is now being phased out. One alternative, sodium dithionite, was initially investigated in the 1950s but was found to be unviable. The present study investigated whether sodium dithionite could be made viable through the use of different processing parameters, using mannose as a model compound and measuring the yield of mannitol in the various systems using gas chromatography with flame ionization detection (GC-FID) and nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR). Alkalinity was found to be crucial; at pH 14 as well as pH 7, dithionite indeed proved unviable, but if pH was kept at either 8 or 10 significant reduction was seen to occur. The best results were obtained at pH 10 when a lower temperature (70°C) was used to compensate for alkaline degradation of the mannose reactant.
Differential subordination results for Mittag-Leffler type functions with bounded turning property
Authors: Al-Janaby Hiba F. , Darus Maslina 
Published: May 2019

Abstract
We aim to present a new linear integral operator and a certain subclass of regular functions with bounded turning property in correlation with the extended generalised Mittag-Leffler functions. Several results concerning an application of differential subordination are also investigated.
Optical pulling forces on Rayleigh particles using ambient optical nonlinearity
Authors: Gong Liping , Zhang Xiaohe , Gu Bing , Zhu Zhuqing , Rui Guanghao , He Jun , Zhan Qiwen , Cui Yiping 
Published: May 2019

Abstract
Optical pulling forces exerted on small particles can be achieved by tailoring the properties of the electromagnetic field, the particles themselves, or the surrounding environment. However, the nonlinear optical effect of the surrounding environment has been largely neglected. Herein, we report the optical pulling forces on a Rayleigh particle immersed in a nonlinear optical liquid using high-repetition-rate femtosecond laser pulses. The analytic expression of time-averaged optical forces allows us to better understand the underlying mechanism of the particle transportation. It is shown that the two-photon absorption of the surrounding liquid gives rise to a negative radiation force. Transversely confined Rayleigh particles can be continuously dragged towards the light source during a pulling process.
A brief review on carbon selective membranes from polymer blends for gas separation performance
Authors: Sazali Norazlianie , Wan Salleh Wan Norharyati , Ismail Ahmad Fauzi , Ismail Nor Hafiza , Kadirgama Kumaran 
Published: May 2019

Abstract
The development of carbon membranes for the separation of various gases has gained interest among researchers due to their superior performance in gas separation. The preparation of carbon membranes by blending materials has many advantages including time and cost effectiveness for tuning the properties of the membranes. Here we review the recent research progress that has been made in the context of breakthroughs and challenges in the development of carbon membrane materials. In addition, we provide information regarding carbon membrane fabrication in terms of the selection of precursors and additives, carbon membrane process conditions, and coating conditions that influence the performance of gas separation of the resulting carbon membranes. The perspectives and future research directions for carbon membranes are also presented.
Rare earth nanofluorides: synthesis using ionic liquids
Authors: Guricová Miroslava , Pinc Jan , Malinčik Juraj , Rak Jakub , Kuchař Martin , Bartůněk Vilém 
Published: May 2019

Abstract
This review presents a comprehensive summary of the research progress on the synthesis of rare earth fluoride nanomaterials using the most common methods of synthesis. Special focus is on syntheses utilising ionic liquids, which is a new and promising way of preparing nanomaterials without the use of dangerous organic solvents (toxic, flammable, or combustive). Rare earth fluoride nanoparticles can be obtained with a high yield, purity, and crystallinity, and with different morphologies and luminescent properties depending on the selected method of synthesis.
Effects of Aging on Physicomechanical and Chemical Properties of Chemically Modified Binders
Authors: Alam Md. Shahriar , Hossain Zahid , Baumgardner Gaylon 
Published: May 2019

Abstract
Asphalt binders and their chemical compositions vary widely based on their crude sources. Chemical modifications are often implemented to attain certain rheological and chemical superiorities over neat (unmodified) binders. These modifications involve complex chemistries. The crude specific behavior of asphalt binders keeps pavement professionals from perceiving the underlying concept of binder modifications. This study was intended to predict the effects of aging on physicomechanical and chemical properties of chemically modified asphalt binders and thereby determine the dosages that would yield optimal benefits of chemical modifications. Asphalt binders from two crude sources (Canadian and Arabian) were primarily modified with Polyphosphoric Acid (PPA). A commonly used polymer, styrene butadiene styrene, was also investigated to compare the results of PPA-modified binders. These binders were analyzed using a column chromatography technique to observe any significant changes in chemical fractions (saturates, aromatics, resins, and asphaltenes) along with colloidal stability. One of the crude sources was also evaluated after its modification with different percentages of a Reclaimed Asphalt Pavement (RAP) binder containing PPA. There were two different optimum levels of chemical modification for two different crude binders. Binders were tested at unaged, short-term, and long-term aging conditions in the laboratory. Two binders demonstrated two different patterns of aging escalation; the Arabian crude binder was found to be more colloidally stable that the Canadian crude binder. Finally, an effort was made to find any correlation between selected physicomechanical properties and chemical compositions of the tested asphalt binders. Some of the mechanical properties were found to be linearly correlated with binders’ chemical compositions. A high amount (over 40 %) of RAP binder modification in neat binders induced some instability in the colloidal structure of the Canadian crude binders.
Short-Term Aging Performance Evaluation of Asphalt Based on Principal Component and Cluster Analysis
Authors: Zhao Pinhui , Gao Dongxing , Ren Ruibo , Han Kechao , Yang Ziqiao , Meng Weikun , Fan Wenmiao 
Published: May 2019

Abstract
Asphalt ages easily under the natural environment of light, heat, and oxygen. A good amount of pavement damage, such as cracks, chaps, and trenches, is caused by asphalt aging, which shortens the service life of asphalt pavement. The aging rules of asphalt differ from oil source to oil source. Here, 18 typical asphalt samples were subjected to short-term aging experiments using a thin-film oven test. The principal component analysis (PCA) and cluster analysis were carried out on eight aging-resistance indexes. The results classified the 18 types of asphalts into 2 groups according to the oil source, which indicated that the aging resistance of asphalt primarily depends on its oil source. Furthermore, based on the PCA and cluster analysis results, a discriminant model of different aging performance asphalts with a very high accuracy rate was established. These results provide a scientific basis for reasonable selection, quality monitoring, and guarantee of the origin of asphalts.
Hot Working Flow Behavior of Ti-6242S Alloy
Authors: Gangolu Srinu , Kitashima Tomonori , Hagiwara Masuo , Emura Satoshi , Iida Kazuhiko 
Published: May 2019

Abstract
The hot working behavior of Ti-6242S alloy was investigated over a range of temperatures and strain rates (973–1,373 K and 10−3–1 s−1, respectively). The flow behavior was dominated by dynamic recovery and flow softening at temperatures above and below 1,223 K, respectively. Processing maps were constructed from the flow curves at a true strain of 0.5 over the temperature ranges 973–1,223 K and 1,223–1,373 K. In each temperature regime, we compared the flow localization parameter and temperature sensitivity with the instability parameter determined from the processing map. The processing conditions were optimized in the temperature range 1,173–1,273 K and strain rate ranges of 5.0 × 10−1–1.0 s−1 and (1.0–5.0) × 10−3 s−1. The deformation activation energy under a strain rate of 10−3 s−1 was determined as ∼360 kJ/mol and was further reduced when considering the threshold stress. The operating deformation mechanism in the 973–1,223 K regime was dislocation climb creep. The microstructural evolution was examined by optical and scanning electron microscopies and was correlated with the stable and unstable regimes of the processing map.
MEASUREMENT OF VAGUE PREDICATES
Authors: Katz Ludmila A. 
Published: May 2019

Purpose. The way of assignment of exact numerical truth value to any vague predicate sentence remains to be problematic. Methodology. I would like to propose one of the possible ways of estimation for vague sentences: to exploit the supevaluationists' idea of precisification for the interpretation of verity. We can think of the verity of a borderline sentence (the degree to which it is close to definite truth) as the proportion of permissible precisifications on which it is true. Scientific novelty. The proposed construal of degrees, interpreting verities on the basis of a measure over admissible precisifications, allows discrimination among borderline cases that would otherwise (on the standard supervaluationist account) all inhabit the same truth-value gap. My view of vague expressions assumes also that a borderline sentence may affect verity of another borderline sentence. The notion of relative verity reflects an intuitive assumption about possible semantic connections between applications of vague predicates. So-called forcing connection is a non-symmetric, transitive relation, which does not express any temporal or causal dependence between borderline cases; rather, it expresses a logical or semantic relation. I consider different kinds of forcing connection between vague expressions. Conclusion. Using of the notions “relative verity” and “forcing” provides preservation for borderline sentences of certain logical connections, which are postulated by classical logic.
TOWARDS GENDER EQUALITY: UKRAINE IN THE 21ST CENTURY
Authors: Danylova Tetyana V. 
Published: May 2019

Purpose. This article attempts to examine the current state of addressing gender inequality in Ukraine. Methodology. The author has used methodology of historical inquiry, hermeneutical methodology and content analysis. Theoretical basis and results. Issues about gender imbalance are acute in Ukraine. Gender inequality in politics is a matter of serious concern. Insignificant part of women in political and decision-making processes is a serious challenge to democracy. Discrimination in the labor market should be noted. Obvious gender inequality in the labor market has led to feminization of poverty. Violence against women has become an acute problem, which can be resolved at the state level only. Although international and national legislation is based on the principle of equality, in practice women are not equal in social life and activities. There is a deep contradiction between the new needs in society and the lack of conditions for their satisfaction. This situation appears to be a challenge to modern Ukrainian society and state of Ukraine, thus, immediate appropriate actions are required. Scientific novelty. It is essential to bring Ukrainian legislation into conformity with the constitutional principles of equality and European standards; develop appropriate and effective anti-discrimination norms and sanctions for violating gender legislation; introduce special measures to ensure gender parity in decision-making, in all public offices; conduct special information campaigns; develop and institutionalize gender studies and gender education at all stages; get more public control over the implementation of international commitments and principles of equal rights and opportunities for women and men. Conclusion. Appropriate mechanisms for overcoming gender stereotypes will contribute to integration of equal rights’ principle and opportunities. Human resources policies require systematic approach to gender analysis and integration in order to address gender issues in program development. In the 21st century issues of gender equity should be a priority at all levels.
Uterine and Cervical Adenosarcoma: A Retrospective Study of Overall Oncologic Outcomes and Fertility Preservation in Early-Stage Disease
Authors: Yuan Zhen , Cao Dongyan , Yu Mei , Shen Keng , He Yonglan 
Published: May 2019

AbstractBackgroundThe management of adenosarcoma is based on the limited available data. This study aimed to explore the characteristics and oncologic outcomes of patients with uterine and cervical adenosarcoma.Materials and MethodsA total of 21 and 32 cases of cervical and uterine adenosarcoma, respectively, were retrospectively reviewed in Peking Union Medical College Hospital between April 2006 and March 2019.ResultsThe median follow-up time was 37.5 months (range, 1–153 months). The disease progression rate (DPR) was significantly higher in patients with uterine adenosarcoma compared with those with cervical adenosarcoma (28.1% vs. 4.8%). The curve of progression-free survival significantly differed. For those with cervical adenosarcoma, the presence of a tumor stalk was a protective factor, whereas heterologous elements (HE) presented a risk factor for disease progression. For those with uterine adenosarcoma, the presence of a tumor stalk was an independent protective factor, whereas lymphovascular space invasion (LVSI) was an independent risk factor for disease progression. Moreover, HE was an independent risk factor for mortality. Fertility-sparing surgery (FSS) was performed in four and five patients with cervical and uterine adenosarcoma, respectively. Regarding FSS, combined with cases in previous studies, the DPR of patients with uterine adenosarcoma was relatively higher compared with those with cervical adenosarcoma.ConclusionWe found that cervical adenosarcoma had a better prognosis than uterine adenosarcoma. The presence of a tumor stalk was a protective factor, whereas HE and LVSI were risk factors for prognosis. For those with uterine adenosarcoma, if FSS was administered, robust evaluation would be necessary. The small sample size limits the ability to make any strong conclusions about FSS.Implications for PracticeUterine cervical adenosarcoma had a better prognosis than uterine adenosarcoma. For patients with cervical adenosarcoma, the presence of a tumor stalk was a protective factor and the presence of heterologous elements (HE) was a risk factor for disease progression. For those with uterine adenosarcoma, the presence of a tumor stalk was a protective factor and lymphovascular space invasion was a risk factor for disease progression. Moreover, HE was a risk factor for mortality. Regarding fertility-sparing surgery (FSS), the disease progression rate was higher in patients with uterine adenosarcoma compared with those with cervical adenosarcoma. For patients with uterine adenosarcoma, if FSS was administered, hysteroscopy and robust imaging evaluation would be necessary.
Long-Term Survival Outcomes After Liver Resection for Binodular Hepatocellular Carcinoma: A Multicenter Cohort Study
Authors: Wang Ming-Da , Li Chao , Li Jun , Zhang Wan-Guang , Jiang Wei-Qin , Yu Jiong-Jie , Xing Hao , Wu Han , Han Jun , Li Zhen-Li , Xu Xin-Fei , Chen Ting-Hao , Zhou Ya-Hao , Gu Wei-Min , Wang Hong , Zeng Yong-Yi , Zhang Yao-Ming , Pawlik Timothy M. , Lau Wan Yee , Wu Meng-Chao , Yang Jia-Mei , Shen Feng , Yang Tian 
Published: May 2019

Abstract

Background
The long-term prognosis after liver resection for multinodular (≥3 nodules) hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is generally considered to be unfavorable. However, the role of liver resection for binodular HCC is less investigated.

Subjects, Materials, and Methods
From a multicenter database, consecutive patients who underwent curative-intent liver resection for binodular HCC and without macrovascular invasion between 2003 and 2015 were retrospectively reviewed. Patients’ clinical variables as well as perioperative and long-term survival outcomes were analyzed. Univariable and multivariable analyses were performed to identify the risk factors associated with overall survival (OS) and recurrence-free survival (RFS) after curative resection.

Results
Of 263 enrolled patients, the perioperative 30-day mortality and morbidity rates were 1.5% and 28.5%. The 1-, 3-, and 5-year OS and RFS rates were 81.5%, 52.4%, and 39.1% and 57.1%, 35.8%, and 26.6%, respectively. Multivariable Cox-regression analyses identified preoperative alpha-fetoprotein level &gt;400 μg/L, tumor size with a sum of two nodules &gt;8 cm, tumor size ratio of large/small nodule &gt;1.5 (asymmetrical proportion), unilateral hemiliver distribution of two nodules, distance of ≤3 cm between two nodules, and microvascular invasion in any nodule as independent risk factors associated with decreased OS and RFS.

Conclusion
Liver resection was safe and feasible in patients with binodular HCC, with acceptable perioperative and long-term outcomes. Sum of two tumor sizes, size ratio and distribution, and distance between two nodules were independent risk factors associated with long-term survival outcomes after surgery. These results may guide clinicians to make individualized surgical decisions and estimate long-term prognosis for these patients.
O USO DA TERAPIA LASER DE BAIXA INTENSIDADE APÓS EXODONTIA DE TERCEIROS MOLARES: REVISÃO DE LITERATURA
Authors: Pedreira Amanda Affonsêca , Sá Maíra , Medrado Alena Peixoto 
Published: May 2019

Dental extraction is a procedure involving bones and soft tissues trauma. The intervention severity, dental units location, tissue consistency and the degree of bone destruction are variables that influences the presence or absence of postoperative deleterious effects, particularly regarding the third molar extraction. The low-level-laser therapy (LLLT) has been used clinically to accelerate wound healing and pain control. However, while laser therapy is now indicated after extraction of third molars, its use has been rarely prescribed. This article aims to perform a literature review on the use of laser therapy during the third molars surgical removal postoperative phase.
SUPRANUMERÁRIOS FUSIONADOS: RELATO DE CASO
Authors: Oliveira Gomes da Silva Leonardo , Assis de Oliveira Peixoto Lanuse , José de Araújo Saldanha Marcelo , Prates Soares Zerbinati Lívia 
Published: May 2019

The presence of supernumerary teethis an anomaly, characterized by increased numbers of normal teeth in the oral cavity. Synodontia or fusion is another alteration of development, that is a germ teeth fusion, resulting in the union of two units of teeth. These two alterations, being associated, may result in a lack of space in the arch during the permanent teeth growth, occasioning a probable crowding of teeth. As the protocol, in this case – like lots of other ones – clinic and x-ray exams becomes necessary to get an appropriate diagnosis, in an attempt to mitigate or eliminate a possible future disorder. This paper aims to report a clinic case that presents these two anomalies existing on anunic patient, and to describe the conservative surgical techniques to their treatment.
AVALIAÇÃO SOBRE O CONHECIMENTO DO LASER ENTRE ALUNOS E PROFESSORES DO CURSO DE ODONTOLOGIA DA ESCOLA BAHIANA DE MEDICINA E SAÚDE PUBLICA, SALVADOR-BA
Authors: Soares Zerbinati Lívia Prates , Assis Oliveira Pinto Mariana De , Lima Santos Roberta , Lacerda Raissa De Castro Silva 
Published: May 2019

Laser equipment, surgical or therapeutic, have been extensively used in the dental area, which has therefore benefits to the patients. Of wavelength, power and frequency different lasers show many applicabilities. However, both patient and health professionals still lack adequate knowledge of its use, and may cause a lower than expected results or even damage tissue. This work aims to conduct an assessment on the knowledge of the laser between teachers and students of Dentistry on Escola Bahiana de Medicina e Saúde Pública. This sectional population study of the instrument was developed through analysis of a questionnaire composed of closed questions, in order to assess the degree of knowledge about the characteristics and applications of laser in its different specialties Dental. In our results we observed that the population of the institution studied the number of students was 64 respondents and 25 respondents teachers, a low percentage of students of Dentistry has demonstrated knowledge of the laser. It was observed that there is little reporting on this subject in graduation. With regard to teachers, as professionals in health, there was also a low leve of knowledge on the Laser and its resources. In our results we observed that the population of the institution studied the number of students was 64 respondents 25 teachers respondents from the total of 528 students and 76 teachers attending the institution. A low percentage of students of Dentistry has demonstrated knowledge about laser therapy , which only 28.6 % of the participating students knew the meaning of the word laser and only 11.7 % of students had a lesson on the subject . Also it was found that there is little transmission of information in the course of Dentistry because 85.7 % of students reported that they had no class on this feature graduation. With respect to teachers, as professionals in the health field , there was also a low level of knowledge about the laser and its resources, only 1 % of teachers have said this during graduation, while 36 % said to have acquired this knowledge in postgraduate . Regarding offering a course directed to the laser, only 16 % reported having sought, but the minority with 80 % says no. These results demonstrate the need to implement the transmission of knowledge and literature on the laser, both in undergraduate and in Dentistry graduate, since this feature is having positive results in the dental office and has been increasingly implemented in the daily clinical.
TRATAMENTO DE HERPES LABIAL RECORRENTE ASSOCIADA À INFECÇÃO: RELATO DE CASO
Authors: Neri Rafael Fernandes de Almeida , Tosta Silva Diego , Melo Muniz Vinícius Rio Verde , Moura Xavier Dantas Renata , Carneiro Júnior Bráulio 
Published: May 2019

Purpose: Report a clinical case of recurrent oral herpes associated to secondary bacterial infection and discuss its clinical manifestation, evolution and treatment. Case description: Male patient, 24 years old, complaining about edema in the lower lip associated to vesicles, pus drainage sites and pain. The clinical diagnosis was herpes simplex the treatment chosen was the association of drug therapy and local care at hospital. On the fifth hospitalization’s day the patient had improved the clinical condition, presenting good healing and was discharged. Conclusion: Much of the world’s population have herpes simplex virus. The dentist must quickly diagnose and properly treat this pathology, to provide less discomfort and lower treatment time the patient.