bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Pericapsular nerve group (PENG) block versus supra-inguinal fascia iliaca (SIFI) block for functional outcome in patients undergoing hip surgeries – A randomised controlled study
Authors: Saini Tanusha , Aggarwal Meenakshi , Singh Udeyana , Singh Mirley Rupinder 
Published: December 2024

Background and Aims:
In hip surgeries, the pericapsular nerve group (PENG) block and supra-inguinal fascia iliaca (SIFI) block are commonly employed perioperative regional analgesia techniques. This study aimed to compare functional outcomes regarding quadriceps muscle strength and weight-bearing capacity between PENG and SIFI blocks after hip surgery.

Methods:
In this single-centre, double-blinded, randomised trial, 60 patients undergoing hip surgeries under subarachnoid block were randomised into either Group P (PENG block) or Group S (SIFI block). Blocks were administered under ultrasound guidance with 30 mL of 0.2% ropivacaine and 4 mg dexamethasone. Functional mobility was assessed 24 and 48 h postoperatively by measuring quadriceps strength and maximum weight-bearing capacity. Analgesic efficacy was also evaluated by comparing visual analogue score (VAS) scores at 24 h, total opioid consumption over 24 h, and duration of analgesia. Statistical analysis included Student’s t-test, Chi-square, and Z-test as appropriate, with statistical significance set at P < 0.05.

Results:
Group P demonstrated significantly higher quadriceps-muscle strength at 24 h (P = 0.025) and 48 h (P = 0.002) post surgery. More patients in Group P achieved superior weight-bearing grades at 24 h (P = 0.002) post surgery compared to Group S. VAS scores were significantly lower in Group P at 24 h post surgery (P = 0.006). Group P also showed a prolonged duration of analgesia (P = 0.019) and lower mean opioid consumption (P = 0.001) compared to Group S.

Conclusion:
The PENG block may be superior to the SIFI block in terms of functional outcomes with better quadriceps strength, enhanced weight-bearing, and provision of more effective postoperative analgesia in hip surgery patients.
Assessing the TB Mukt Gram Panchayat Program in Rajasthan: A Way toward Tuberculosis Elimination
Authors: Bhardwaj Pankaj , Joshi Nitin Kumar , Garg Vinod Kumar , Baskaran Pritish , Gupta Manoj , Goel Akhil D , Ranjan Alok , Saurabh Suman , Meharda Bharat , Ola Shishram 
Published: December 2024

Abstract

Background:
The TB Mukt Gram Panchayat program was launched by the National Health Mission in Rajasthan on August 15, 2022 to engage Panchayati Raj Institutions at the grass-root level to strengthen the fight against tuberculosis (TB). This study was conducted to assess the progress and achievements of this program in Rajasthan.

Methodology:
The methodology involved the collaborative development of assessment criteria by expert stakeholders to assess the TB-free status of Gram Panchayats (GPs)/Wards (WAs) in Rajasthan. Two stages were conducted: shortlisting based on specific criteria, including active case finding and treatment linkage, and final assessment using a standardized questionnaire. Indicators assessed included program delivery, active case finding, community awareness, community support, district capacity, and TB burden, each with defined qualifying criteria and achievement scores, yielding final scores for each GP.

Results:
In the context of the GP/WA TB-Free Declaration Status, the results depict a mix of statuses, including “Progress toward TB-free status” and “Achieved TB-free status.” Out of 51 GPs/WAs, 29 achieved TB-free status, 13 were in progress toward TB-free status, and the rest were not qualified, having incomplete coverage.

Conclusion:
This study highlights the progress in Rajasthan’s TB Mukt Gram Panchayat program and exemplifies stakeholder collaboration across sectors in developing a verification framework for TB Mukt Gram Panchayat claims. Moreover, this novel assessment framework offers a valuable tool for other states to monitor their progress toward TB elimination.
Comparison of Intra-articular 0.2% Ropivacaine versus 0.75% Ropivacaine in Acute Pain Treatment after Postoperative Knee Arthroscopy: A Randomized Control Trial
Authors: Zamora-Muñoz Paola Maritza , Miranda Angel Cruz , Santiago-Balmaseda Eira , Gutierrez-Toledano Carlos F. , Olivos Rubén O Tafoya 
Published: December 2024

Abstract

Context:
In the realm of orthopedics, knee arthroscopy stands as a prevalent outpatient procedure. Despite the application of diverse pain alleviation techniques, the drawbacks frequently eclipse the advantages. Currently, there exists no consensus regarding the standard analgesic regimen following knee arthroscopy. At present, a unanimous agreement regarding the conventional analgesic regimen subsequent to knee arthroscopy remains elusive.

Aims:
The aim of the study was to evaluate the efficacy of administering 0.75% ropivacaine intra-articularly upon completion of knee arthroscopy for the management of postoperative pain.

Settings and Design:
A controlled, triple-blind clinical trial enrolled 70 participants scheduled for knee arthroscopic surgery due to simple acute meniscal tears and chondral injuries.

Subjects and Methods:
Following randomization, all participants received general anesthesia and a single intra-articular dose (10 mL of either 0.75% or 0.2% ropivacaine) at the conclusion of the surgical procedure. Pain intensity was assessed as “moderate-severe” using a Visual Analog Scale 2 h postropivacaine administration.

Statistical Analysis Used:
Chi-square and logistic regression analyses were employed for the primary objective.

Results:
In the intention-to-treat (ITT) analysis, with no loss of subjects, a significant difference was observed in the occurrence of moderate-to-severe pain between groups (Ropivacaine 0.2% [85.3%] vs. Ropivacaine 0.75% [27.8%], P < 0.001). According to the per-protocol analysis, which excluded 19 subjects requiring postsurgery opioids, moderate-to-severe pain was more prevalent in the ropivacaine 0.2% group (Ropivacaine 0.2% [77.3%] vs. Ropivacaine 0.75% [10.3%], P = 0.001).

Conclusions:
The utilization of intra-articular 0.75% ropivacaine following knee arthroscopy led to a reduced incidence of moderate-to-severe pain. The number needed to treat was 2 subjects, as demonstrated by both ITT and per-protocol analyses.
Fusobacterium nucleatum mechanism of action in alveolar bone destruction: Scoping review
Authors: Idrus Erik , Harsono Tashya Shania , Lestari Widya , Suniarti Dewi Fatma 
Published: December 2024

Abstract:

Fusobacterium nucleatum is implicated in periodontitis, a chronic inflammatory disease that destroys the periodontal tissue and alveolar bone due to host-microbe dysbiosis. This study focuses on understanding how F. nucleatum contributes to bone destruction in periodontitis. The literature search was conducted using PubMed and Scopus databases based on Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Review and Meta-Analyses guidelines by entering preselected keyword combinations of inclusion and exclusion criteria. Qualifying literature was evaluated based on four inclusion criteria: research articles, published in English, within the last ten years, and available in full text. The literature search yielded five articles exploring the mechanism of bone resorption by F. nucleatum. It was found that the bacteria increases the production of inflammatory mediators, such as interleukin (IL)-1β, IL-6, IL-8, tumor necrosis factor-alpha, C-C motif chemokine ligand (CCL) 2, CCL20, and C-X-C motif chemokine ligand 1, which leads to the destruction of alveolar bone. During infection, biomechanical stress also raises levels of prostaglandin E2 and cyclooxygenase-2. The elevated levels of inflammatory mediators and enzymes generate an imbalance in the receptor activator of nuclear factor kappa-B ligand to osteoprotegerin ratio, hindering osteogenic differentiation and heightening bone destruction. In conclusion, F. nucleatum infection promotes alveolar bone destruction by inducing inflammatory responses and inhibiting osteogenic differentiation stimulated by biomechanical loading. More research is essential to explore the connection between F. nucleatum virulence and its alveolar bone degradation mechanisms.
Comparison of glued platelet-rich fibrin membrane and noneugenol pack as periodontal dressings after gingival depigmentation
Authors: Poojari Megha , Shah Monali , Nadig Prasad 
Published: December 2024

Abstract:
Periodontal surgery often necessitates the use of a periodontal dressing to protect the surgical site and facilitate healing. Commonly used dressings, such as noneugenol packs, offer some benefits but have significant drawbacks, including plaque accumulation, a sensation of foreignness, and no significant impact on healing enhancement. On the other hand, platelet-rich fibrin (PRF) membranes are rich in growth factors, which can accelerate wound healing and tissue regeneration. However, their use is limited due to the need for suturing to stabilize the membrane. N-butyl cyanoacrylate is a tissue adhesive known for its hemostatic and bacteriostatic properties and effectiveness in moist environments, presenting a potential solution for PRF membrane stabilization without the need for suturing. This case report evaluates the use of PRF membrane in combination with N-butyl cyanoacrylate adhesive as an alternative to traditional noneugenol periodontal dressing.
Effect of low-level laser therapy on proliferation and cytotoxicity of mouse fibroblasts and human fibroblasts: An in vitro study
Authors: Patil Mallanagouda B. , Pai Deeksha D. , Prakash Shobha 
Published: December 2024

Abstract:

Background:
Diode laser is known for its biostimulatory effects on various cell populations such as osteoblasts and fibroblasts. The usage of low-level laser therapy for photobiomodulation depends on its type, emission wavelength, and energy selected. Previously performed in vitro studies have determined its effect on cell proliferation and cytotoxicity; however, the results were inconsistent.

Objectives:
The objectives of this study were to evaluate and compare diode laser effect on mouse embryonic fibroblasts (MEFs) and human gingival fibroblasts (HGFs) for proliferation and cytotoxicity.

Materials and Methods:
32 samples, 16 wells of MEF cells (Group I) and HGF cells (Group II) each with 8 subgroups containing control (no laser irradiation) and experimental (laser irradiated) groups were cultured after being seeded at 4000 cells/ well with 4cm inter-well distance. Experimental group cell cultures were irradiated with a single dose of 810 nm diode laser (energy 1J/cm2, 12.5 mW, 80 s/well) using continuous wave mode after 1 day of incubation. Spectrophotometric analysis was done after 24 h of laser irradiation for cell proliferation and cell cytotoxicity on the 2nd, 3rd, and 7th days on all groups.

Results:
Human and mouse fibroblast groups showed positive results when irradiated with an 810 nm laser. A hundred percent proliferation was seen for MEF in 7 days and HGF in 2 days. Two percent cytotoxicity was seen on the 2nd and 3rd day in MEF. Increased cell proliferation and minimal cytotoxic effects were seen with diode laser usage.

Conclusion:
Low-level laser irradiation indicates an increase in cell proliferation with less cytotoxicity on mouse and human fibroblasts.
Knowledge, attitude, and practice of dental implants among dentists in Hyderabad city, Telangana: A cross-sectional study
Authors: Chihnitha Gunda , Kulkarni Suhas , Reddy Madupu Padma , Srilatha Adepu , Reddy Loka Suraj 
Published: December 2024

Abstract:

Background:
Implants have emerged as a successful treatment option for the replacement of lost teeth. As dentists are the important source of information regarding implants, their knowledge and understanding of treatment options have a beneficial impact on patients’ choice of treatments. The aim of the study is to evaluate the knowledge, attitude, and practice of dental implants among dental postgraduates and practitioners in Hyderabad city, Telangana.

Materials and Methods:
Out of total 599 samples, 286 were dental postgraduates and 313 were practitioners. A self-administered validated 27-item questionnaire containing demographic details and knowledge, attitude, and practice-based questions was used to collect the data through Google Forms or personal interview. Statistical analysis was performed using the SPSS software version 20.

Results:
The mean knowledge scores were notably higher among elderly dentists (7.69 ± 1.6), with over a decade of experience (7.8 ± 1.52) and had undergone implant training (8.07 ± 1.36). The majority of elderly dentists (89.7%) and with over 10 years of experience (89.4%) exhibited a positive attitude toward dental implants. Moreover, a significant proportion of elderly dentists (51.6%) and with more than 10 years of experience (62.6%), as well as institutional-based practitioners (60%) and who received implant training (76.4%), felt that they are competent enough to place implants significantly.

Conclusion:
Majority of subjects had knowledge on the various aspects of dental implants and preferred dental implants over removable partial denture or fixed partial denture (RPD/FPD). Mean knowledge level significantly increased with age, experience, and exposure to training. Dentist practice levels were significantly influenced by age, gender, experience, qualification, and implant training.
Determination of the antibiofilm property of aqueous extract of the Amorphophallus paeoniifolius on some early and late colonizers in an artificially synthesized dental biofilm – An in vitro study
Authors: Sowmya B R , Nayak Aarati , Kottrashetti Vijaylakshmi S , Ingalagi Preeti , Harish Gandla 
Published: December 2024

Abstract:

Background:
Mechanical therapy along with adjunctive therapy, using agents like chlorhexidine digluconate mouthwash helps to disrupt the plaque biofilm. Recently, herbs with medicinal value have been tested for their antimicrobial properties. The present study was designed to assess the anti-biofilm activity of Amorphophallus paeoniifolius against some periodontal pathogens in an artificially synthesized dental biofilm.

Materials and Methods:
The aqueous extract of A. paeoniifolius was constituted and its minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) against standard strains of some periodontal pathogens was determined. A total of 21 biofilm samples were synthesized on extracted teeth and microtiter plates, and these were divided into two groups of 10 samples each. One group was treated with the predetermined MIC values of A. paeoniifolius, while the other group was treated with chlorhexidine. The anti-biofilm activity of both compounds was assessed by calculating colony-forming units (CFUs) for the extracted teeth and optical density (OD) values for the microtiter plates.

Results:
The mean CFU at baseline was 55,000/μl while posttreatment with chlorhexidine digluconate and aqueous extract of A. paeoniifolius was 23,280 ± 5274.00 and 28,560 ± 4509.545/μl, respectively. The mean OD value (at 595 nm) posttreatment with chlorhexidine digluconate was 0.9876 ± 0.49179 and A. paeoniifolius was 1.4990 ± 0.37851. Results indicate that the aqueous extract of A. paeoniifolius showed an inhibitory effect on biofilm obtained on microtiter plates and the one constituted on extracted teeth.

Conclusion:
Anti-biofilm activity of aqueous extract of A. paeoniifolius was appreciable and also comparable to that of chlorhexidine digluconate, both on extracted teeth and microtiter plates.
Preferences and choice in clinical decision-making with the help of time trade-off and standard gamble techniques among periodontally compromised patients – A cross-sectional study
Authors: Paul Budhaditya , Srivastava Ankita 
Published: December 2024

Abstract:

Background:
To assess the validity of time trade-off (TTO) and standard gamble (SG) techniques of utility valuation among patients with periodontal problems by assessing their relation to two logical constructs; Gingival Index (GI) and Oral Health Impact Profile (OHIP) Questionnaire.

Materials and Methods:
Two hundred and one patients aged 18 years old and above, who visited a tertiary care hospital for treatment/consultation were included. A questionnaire was administered to record the TTO, SG, and OHIP. GI, measuring the severity of the disease, was recorded. Bivariate and backward multiple regression analyses were done to find an association between the oral health utility values, OHIP, and the variables of interest (demographic and clinical characteristics including GI).

Results:
There was a statistically significant decrease in the TTO and SG utilities (P < 0.05) as the severity of the disease progressed from mild to severe. GI, as well as OHIP scores, were significant predictors in the case of both the TTO as well as SG (P < 0.05).

Conclusions:
TTO and SG utilities were found to be valid and correlated well with clinical findings. Health utilities serve as useful and reliable markers of health-related quality of life among individuals as well as communities.
Substance P-A neuropeptide regulator of periodontal disease pathogenesis and potential novel therapeutic entity: A narrative review
Authors: Jayanthi A , Tiwari D , Puzhankara L 
Published: December 2024

Abstract:
Substance P (SP), a neuropeptide primarily released by neurons, has emerged as a key player in the intricate network of factors governing periodontal inflammation, immune responses, bone metabolism, and tissue regeneration. Due to its multifaceted role, it may be explored for its potential participation in periodontal therapeutic strategies. The databases, PubMed/MEDLINE, and SCOPUS were searched for all published articles on SP, its role in inflammation, and periodontal disease. The following search terms, adapted to the specific database, were used; ”substance p AND periodontal *” AND “therapeutics” and records were retrieved. All articles not pertaining to SP in periodontal health and disease were excluded from the study. The full texts of eligible articles were retrieved. Data on SP and its role in inflammation and in periodontal health, disease, and therapy were extracted and have been presented as a narrative review. SP manifests during inflammatory phase of periodontal disease and is one of the causes of bone loss. According to studies, the gingival crevicular fluid from areas with active periodontal disease and bone loss had the greatest levels of SP. These chemicals may linger long enough to trigger neurogenic inflammation and elicit pain in tissues that are vulnerable to it. SP expression during progression of periodontal disease might be a risk factor for individuals with systemic inflammatory diseases, such as chronic arthritis. However, SP may be manipulated to provide avenues for management of periodontal disease and thereby serve as therapeutic target.
Computed Tomography Scan and Clinical-based Complete Response Prediction in Locally Advanced Rectal Cancer after Neoadjuvant Chemoradiotherapy: A Machine Learning Approach
Authors: Anijdan Seyyed Hossein Mousavie , Moslemi Daryush , Reiazi Reza , Tafti Hamid Fallah , Moghadamnia Ali Akbar , Paydar Reza 
Published: December 2024

Abstract

Background:
Treatment of locally advanced rectal cancer (LARC) involves neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy (nCRT), followed by total mesorectal excision. Examining the response to treatment is one of the most important factors in the follow-up of patients; therefore, in this study, radiomics patterns derived from pretreatment computed tomography images in rectal cancer and its relationship with treatment response measurement criteria have been investigated.

Methods:
Fifty patients with rectal adenocarcinoma who were candidates for nCRT and surgery were included. The information obtained from the tumor surgical pathology report, including pathological T and N, the degree of tumor differentiation, lymphovascular invasion, and perineural invasion along with radiomics characteristics to each patient, was assessed. Modeling with disturbed forest model was used for radiomics data. For other variables, Shapiro–Wilk, Chi-Square, and Pearson Chi-square tests were used.

Results:
The participants of this study were 50 patients (23 males [46%] and 27 females [54%]). There was no significant difference in the rate of response to neoadjuvant treatment in between age and gender groups. According to the modeling based on combined clinical and radiomics data together, area under the curves for the nonresponders and complete respond group (responder group) was 0.97 and 0.99, respectively.

Conclusion:
Random forests modeling based on combined radiomics and clinical characteristics of the pretreatment tumor images has the ability to predict the response or non-response to neoadjuvant treatment in LARC to an acceptable extent.
Safety Assessment: Calcidiol (25-Hydroxycholecalciferol Monohydrate) as a Novel Food for Use in Food Supplements
Authors:   Food Standards Agency,   Food Standards Scotland
Published: December 2024

“An application was submitted to the Food Standards Agency (FSA) and Food Standards Scotland (FSS) in January 2021 from DSM Nutritional Products Ltd (“the applicant”) for the authorisation of Calcidiol, 25-hydroxycholecalciferol monohydrate as a novel food. The novel food is a new source of vitamin D3 for use as a food supplement targeted at a generally healthy population including pregnant and lactating women, except children under 3 years. It is a vitamer of vitamin D3 (cholecalciferol) and is directly absorbed in the human gut. To support the FSA and FSS in their evaluation of the application, the Advisory Committee on Novel Foods and Processes (ACNFP) were asked to review the safety dossier and supplementary information provided by the applicant. Please note the Committee did not consider any potential health benefits or claims arising from consuming the food, as the focus of the novel food assessment is to ensure the food is safe, and not putting consumers at a nutritional disadvantage. The FSA and FSS concluded that the applicant had provided sufficient information to assure the novel food, Calcidiol, was safe under the proposed conditions of use. The anticipated intake levels and the proposed use in food supplements was not considered to be nutritionally disadvantageous. The views of the ACNFP have been taken into account in the regulatory assessment which represents the opinion of the FSA and FSS.”
LIBRAS
Authors: Bandeira Adriana 
Published: December 2024

RESUMO: A Libras - língua brasileira de sinais – como nós a conhecemos hoje, foi construída e idealizada pela comunidade surda e por pesquisadores dos Estudos Surdos brasileiros. Neste trabalho, apresento um recorte da fundamentação teórica que abordo na minha tese em andamento onde reflito sobre o período que antecede a promulgação da Lei 10.436/2002, também conhecida como Lei de Libras, entre os anos 1980 e 2000. O projeto político linguístico governamental de difusão da Libras de forma institucional alcançou amplamente o território nacional chegando em espaços até então não frequentados como as escolas regulares da educação básica, as universidades, os espaços jurídicos, de saúde e artísticos/culturais. Destaco o livro Libras em Contexto que foi uma das iniciativas do governo federal de expansão da Libras pelo Brasil. Perspectivando um olhar mais plural e diverso, proponho neste artigo, uma educação linguística inter(trans)cultural a partir de algumas leituras realizadas das teorias decoloniais, para que a Libras consiga alcançar também aquelas pessoas surdas que se encontram à margem ao mesmo tempo respeitando e valorizando suas histórias, suas línguas, suas culturas, sem que, de alguma forma, as invisibilizem como foi, ou tem sido, a violência colonial imposta à nossa sociedade.
PALAVRAS-CHAVE: Libras. Decolonialidade. Educação linguística.