bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Donation to charity and purchase of cause‐related products: The influence of existential guilt and experience
Authors: Urbonavicius Sigitas , Adomaviciute Karina , Urbutyte Ieva , Cherian Joseph 
Published: January 2019

AbstractCharity donation is an important prosocial behaviour that is often generated/strengthened by emotional stimuli from advertising. A similar strategy is often used to trigger the purchase of cause‐related products. The two activities represent direct and indirect methods of financial support and are important topics for researchers and practitioners. Charity donation and purchase of cause‐related products are typically investigated on the basis of different theoretical backgrounds; therefore, they are almost never directly compared with each other. However, the two share some similarities from the perspectives of the donor/buyer and the donation recipient. This article aims to analyse how direct and indirect donation behaviours are influenced by the same emotional stimulus (existential guilt generated by a visual advertisement). In parallel, this article examines the possible moderation effect of similar past behaviours. The study is performed by surveying 374 respondents in Lithuania. Results confirmed that the same emotion (existential guilt) had a direct positive impact on the intention towards both studied behaviours. However, the moderation effect of experience was observed only in the relationship between existential guilt and the intention to donate to charity, signalling the difference in its influence on the two behaviours. These findings enrich the knowledge of the similarities and differences between direct (donating to charity) and indirect (purchasing cause‐related products) donation behaviours. Additionally, it fills in the knowledge gap regarding the relation between the intentions of prosocial behaviours and existential guilt as an advertising appeal.
ER stress differentially affects pro‐inflammatory changes induced by mitochondrial dysfunction in the human monocytic leukemia cell line, THP‐1
Authors: Heo Jae‐Nyoung , Kim Dong‐Yeon , Lim Su‐Geun , Lee Kiboo , Suk Kyoungho , Lee Won‐Ha 
Published: January 2019

AbstractThe functional and physical interaction between mitochondria and the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) has been the subject of intense study. To test the effect of this interaction on macrophage inflammatory activation, the human macrophage‐like monocytic leukemia cell line THP‐1 was treated with oligomycin, rotenone, or sodium azide, which induce mitochondrial dysfunction (MD) by blocking the electron transport chain (ETC). MD induced by these agents triggered activation of various sensors and markers of ER stress. This linkage affected macrophage function since LPS‐induced expression of IL‐23 was enhanced by the MD inducers, and this enhancing effect was abolished by inhibition of pancreatic endoplasmic reticulum kinase (PERK) activity. This MD‐mediated ER stress may be universal since it was observed in human embryonic kidney HEK293 cells and colon cancer SW480 cells. On the other hand, MD regulated LPS‐induced activation of the AKT/GSK3β/β‐catenin pathway in a manner not affected by inhibition of PERK or inositol‐requiring enzyme 1α (IRE1α) activities. These results indicate that the occurrence of MD can lead to ER stress and these two events, separately or in combination, can affect various cellular processes.
Effect of oatmeal on texture, water mobility, and starch retrogradation properties of Chinese steamed bread
Authors: Liu Yu , Wang Xiaolong , Ren Tian , Ma Zhen , Liu Liu , Li Xiaoping , Guo Qingbin , Hu Xinzhong 
Published: January 2019

AbstractBackground and objectivesThe study aimed to characterize the effect of oatmeal on the texture, water mobility, and starch retrogradation properties in Chinese steamed bread (CSB). Oatmeal substitution was set as 0%, 10%, and 30%.FindingsWith the addition of oatmeal in CSB, higher hardness and chewiness and lower resilience were observed compared to the control (p < 0.05); CSB with addition of oatmeal exhibited a lower rate of increase in hardness than that of the control. Oatmeal increased the water holding capacity of CSB and restricted water migration, which resulted in a lower content of immobilized water (S22, 76.72%–77.03%) and higher content of free water (S23, 1.01%–1.07%) in NMR. Results from differential scanning calorimetry, X‐ray diffraction, and fourier transform infrared suggested that with the increase in oatmeal, the enthalpy and the relative crystallinity of CSB reduced. The addition of oatmeal retarded a stable and ordered state of starch structure formed in CSB during storage at room temperature. Oatmeal decreased the starch retrogradation rate constant k and CSB with 30% of addition of oatmeal had the lowest k value (10.1), indicating its inhibitory effect on the formation of starch crystals.ConclusionsOur findings revealed that oatmeal could increase the free water of CSB and restrict water migration, thus retarding starch retrogradation in CSB.Significance and noveltyOatmeal could effectively inhabit water migration and starch retrogradation of CSB, consequently inhibiting the staling, and there could be a potential utility of oatmeal in the development of flour‐based food products.
Bilateral lower extremity ulcerations, less is more
Authors: Potter Kathryn Mooneyham , Ruth Garrett , Radhakrishnan Nila S. 
Published: January 2019

Key Clinical MessageThe differential diagnosis of lower extremity ulcers must be broad since debridement can be harmful in certain conditions such as pyoderma gangrenosum. Biologic agents may be helpful in the treatment of pyoderma gangrenosum.
Effect of Vapor‐phase‐treatment to CuZnZr Catalyst on the Reaction Behaviors in CO2 Hydrogenation into Methanol
Authors: Chen Shuyao , Zhang Junfeng , Wang Peng , Wang Xiaoxing , Song Faen , Bai Yunxing , Zhang Meng , Wu Yingquan , Xie Hongjuan , Tan Yisheng 
Published: January 2019

AbstractCuZnZr catalysts prepared by co‐precipitation method were treated by vapor‐phase‐treatment (VPT) method, and used for the synthesis of methanol for CO2 hydrogenation. Compared with conventional co‐precipitation method, this VPT with TPABr (TPABr: tetrapropylammonium bromide) induces obvious increases in the particles size of CuO, ZnO and ZrO2, promotes the formation of the rod‐like structure, Zn and Zr enrichments on surface and the presence of more concentration of oxygen vacancies. Due to the increases of particle size especially for CuO particles, the activity of the catalyst for CO2 hydrogenation to CO (RWGS reaction) is furthest suppressed, leading to dramatical decrease in conversion of CO2. However, methanol productivity is affected relatively modestly due to the enrichments of Zn and Zr as another active species on the catalyst surface. In addition, catalyst properties and methanol selectivity can be regulated through adjusting the processing time. The catalyst with the processing time of 3 day (CuZnZr‐TPABr‐3d catalyst) shows a methanol selectivity above 90 % and no obvious deactivation appeared in a period of 100 h reaction.
Chemically Modified CaO/Fe3O4 Nanocomposite by Sodium Dodecyl Sulfate for Cr(III) Removal from Water
Authors: Tamjidi Sajad , Esmaeili Hossein 
Published: January 2019

AbstractA CaO/Fe3O4 nanocomposite was modified by sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS) and used for Cr(III) removal from aqueous solution. The physical and surface characteristics of the adsorbent were studied by different analysis techniques. The effects of key parameters such as pH, contact time, temperature, initial concentration of Cr(III) ions, and adsorbent dose were investigated at a fixed mixing rate. Parameters were optimized to attain the best possible removal efficiency of Cr(III) ions. The maximum adsorption capacities obtained from the Langmuir model were determined. The results of equilibrium and kinetic studies indicate that the adsorption process follows the Langmuir isotherm model and the pseudo‐second‐order kinetic model. The thermodynamic study demonstrated that the adsorption process was suitable, spontaneous, and exothermic.
Water Electrolysis Carried Out on Microelectrodes to Obtain New Insights into the Regulation of Cytosolic pH
Authors: Munteanu Raluca‐Elena , Stănică Luciana , Gheorghiu Mihaela , Gáspár Szilveszter 
Published: January 2019

AbstractIn this study, the use of electrochemistry in cell biology is extended by showing that electrochemically generated microscale pH gradients can be used to gain new insights into the regulation of cytosolic pH of normal and cancer cells. The developed procedure involves positioning a carbon fiber microelectrode into the extracellular space of adherently growing cells and setting its potential to values suitable for electrooxidation or electroreduction of water. While the electrooxidation of water decreases the pH of the solution surrounding the microelectrode (because it produces hydronium ions), the electroreduction of water increases the pH of the same solution (because it produces hydroxide ions). Fluorescence microscopy is then used to observe the impact of the electrochemically generated microscale pH gradient on the cytosolic pH of cells loaded with a fluorescent pH sensor. The obtained results indicate that electrochemically induced acid stress affects the cytosolic pH of normal cells significantly faster than that of cancer cells while electrochemically induced alkaline stress appears to have very limited impact on the cytosolic pH of both cell types. In comparison to classic experiments concerning the regulation of cytosolic pH using perfusion chambers, the developed, electrochemistry‐based, approach has the advantages of a better spatial and temporal resolution and elimination of the flow‐induced shear stress.
Whole cell application of Lactobacillus paracasei BD101 to produce enantiomerically pure (S)‐cyclohexyl(phenyl)methanol
Authors: Şahin Engin , Serencam Hüseyin , Dertli Enes 
Published: January 2019

AbstractIn this study, a total of 10 bacterial strains were screened for their ability to reduce cyclohexyl(phenyl)methanone 1 to its corresponding alcohol. Among these strains, Lactobacillus paracasei BD101 was found to be the most successful biocatalyst to reduce the ketones to the corresponding alcohols. The reaction conditions were systematically optimized for the reducing agent L paracasei BD101, which showed high enantioselectivity and conversion for the bioreduction. The preparative scale asymmetric reduction of cyclohexyl(phenyl)methanone (1) by L paracasei BD101 gave (S)‐cyclohexyl(phenyl)methanol (2) with 92% yield and >99% enantiomeric excess. The preparative scale study was carried out, and a total of 5.602 g of (S)‐cyclohexyl(phenyl)methanol in high enantiomerically pure form (>99% enantiomeric excess) was produced. L paracasei BD101 has been shown to be an important biocatalyst in asymmetric reduction of bulky substrates. This study demonstrates the first example of the effective synthesis of (S)‐cyclohexyl(phenyl)methanol by the L paracasei BD101 as a biocatalyst in preparative scale.
Environmental monitoring system for intelligent stations
Authors: Li Wei , Liu Guogang , Choi Junho 
Published: January 2019

SummaryWith the rapid development of China's social economy, the transportation needs of its residents continue to increase and encourage rapid and continual development of the Chinese high‐speed railway system. The design of China's high‐speed railway station is the integration of a new model that includes the layout of upcoming booking, traffic, waiting, tickets, and other functions to be set in the area known as the waiting hall. As such, the waiting hall has become an extremely important element of the environmental monitoring system. This paper proposes the design of a high‐speed rail station environmental monitoring system based on the LoRa communication technology. This system aims to enable the real‐time monitoring of temperature, humidity, illuminance, and noise decibels in high‐speed railway stations. The wireless communication present in the proposed system adopts the LoRa technology features of low power consumption, low cost, and long‐range communication. In this study, we set up a prototype of a LoRa enabled network in the lab building of Hohai University to transmit the environmental data. Moreover, we analyzed the signal propagation of LoRa in an indoor environment.
Amide‐Functionalized Porous Carbonaceous Anode Materials for Lithium‐Ion Batteries
Authors: Lee Dong‐Geon , Yim Taeeun , Woo Sang‐Gil , Yu Ji‐Sang 
Published: January 2019

AbstractPorous carbonaceous anode materials have received considerable attention as an alternative anode material, however, there is a critical bottleneck as it suffers from a large irreversible specific capacity loss over several initial cycles owing to undesired surface reactions. In order to suppress undesired surface reactions of porous carbonaceous anode material, here, we suggest a simple and convenient two‐step surface modification approach that allows the embedding of an amide functional group on the surface of a porous carbonaceous anode, which effectively improves the surface stability. In this approach, the porous carbonaceous anode material is firstly activated by means of strong acid treatment comprising a combination of H2SO4 and HNO3, and it is subjected to further modification by means of an amide coupling reaction. Our additional systematic analyses confirm that the acid functional group effectively transforms into the amide functional group. The resulting amide‐functionalized porous carbon exhibits an improved electrochemical performance: the initial discharge specific capacity is greatly reduced to less than 2,620 mA h g−1 and charge specific capacity is well still remained, indicating stabling cycling performance of the cell.
Synthesis of Ni‐Doped Copper Cobalt Sulfide Nanoparticles and its Enhanced Properties as an Electrocatalyst for Hydrogen Evolution Reaction
Authors: Sun Yanpu , Li Deli , Lu Jiaxue , Zhang Yingying , Li Li , Liang Jun 
Published: January 2019

AbstractDeveloping high‐efficiency electrocatalysts for hydrogen evolution reaction (HER) is vitally important in electrochemical water splitting technology. Herein, ultra‐small Ni‐doped CuCo2S4 nanoparticles (NCCS NPs) are easily achieved in a single step by a facile hydrothermal method. The investigations, using powder X‐ray diffraction, X‐ray photoelectron spectroscopy, scanning electron microscopy, and TEM, reveal that the as‐prepared NCCS products are composed of a large number of uniform nanoparticles with sizes ranging from 20 to 50 nm. Triethanolamine is of vital importance for the formation of the NCCS NPs during the sulfidation process. As a promising electrocatalyst for HER, the NCCS NPs not only display a lower overpotential at 10 mA cm−2 current density than that of bare CuCo2S4 nanoparticles (CCS NPs), but also show better long‐term durability than CCS NPs during the galvanostatic electrolysis. Furthermore, Ni doping for NCCS NPs are proved to play a particular important role in the HER process. This finding provides a strategy in compositional tuning of mixed polymetallic sulfides catalysts for electrochemical hydrogen evolution.
Multilayered Hematite Nanowires with Thin‐Film Silicon Photovoltaics in an All‐Earth‐Abundant Hybrid Tandem Device for Solar Water Splitting
Authors: Urbain Félix , Tang Pengyi , Smirnov Vladimir , Welter Katharina , Andreu Teresa , Finger Friedhelm , Arbiol Jordi , Morante Joan Ramón 
Published: January 2019

AbstractThe concept of hybrid tandem device structures that combine metal oxides with thin‐film semiconducting photoabsorbers holds great promise for large‐scale, robust, and cost‐effective bias‐free photoelectrochemical water splitting (PEC‐WS). This work highlights important steps toward the efficient coupling of high‐performance hematite photoanodes with multijunction thin‐film silicon photocathodes providing high bias‐free photocurrent density. The hybrid PEC‐WS device is optimized by testing three types of multijunction silicon photocathodes with the hematite photoanode: amorphous silicon (a‐Si:H) tandem: a‐Si:H/a‐Si:H and triple junction with microcrystalline silicon (μc‐Si:H): a‐Si:H/a‐Si:H/μc‐Si:H and a‐Si:H/μc‐Si:H/μc‐Si:H. The results provide evidence that the multijunction structures offer high flexibility for hybrid tandem devices with regard to tunable photovoltages and spectral matching. Furthermore, both photoanode and photocathode are tested under various electrolyte and light concentration conditions, respectively, with respect to their photoelectrochemical performance and stability. A 27 % enhancement in the solar‐to‐hydrogen conversion efficiency is observed upon concentrating light from 100 to 300 mW cm−2. Ultimately, bias‐free water splitting is demonstrated, with a photocurrent density of 4.6 mA cm−2 (under concentrated illumination) paired with excellent operation stability for more than 24 h of the all‐earth‐abundant and low‐cost hematite/silicon tandem PEC‐WS device.
Evaluating the popularity of R in ecology
Authors: Lai Jiangshan , Lortie Christopher J. , Muenchen Robert A. , Yang Jian , Ma Keping 
Published: January 2019

AbstractThe programming language R is widely used in many fields. We explored the extent of reported R use in the field of ecology using the Web of Science and text mining. We analyzed the frequencies of R packages reported in more than 60,000 peer‐reviewed articles published in 30 ecology journals during a 10‐yr period ending in 2017. The number of studies reported using R as their primary tool in data analysis increased linearly from 11.4% in 2008 to 58.0% in 2017. The top 10 packages reported were lme4, vegan, nlme, ape, MuMIn, MASS, mgcv, ade4, multcomp, and car. The increasing popularity of R has most likely furthered open science in ecological research because it can improve reproducibility of analyses and captures workflows when scripts and codes are included and shared. These findings may not be entirely unique to R because there are other programming languages used by ecologists, but they do strongly suggest that given the relatively high frequency of reported use of R, it is a significant component of contemporary analytics in the field of ecology.
Untangling “NETosis” from NETs
Authors: Yousefi Shida , Stojkov Darko , Germic Nina , Simon Dagmar , Wang Xiaoliang , Benarafa Charaf , Simon Hans‐Uwe 
Published: January 2019

AbstractNeutrophil extracellular trap (NET) formation is a cellular function of neutrophils that facilitates the immobilization and killing of invading microorganisms in the extracellular milieu. To form NETs, neutrophils release a DNA scaffold consisting of mitochondrial DNA binding granule proteins. This process does not depend on cell death, but requires glycolytic ATP production for rearrangements in the microtubule network and F‐actin. Such cytoskeletal rearrangements are essential for both mitochondrial DNA release and degranulation. However, the formation of NETs has also been described as a distinct form of programed, necrotic cell death, a process designated “NETosis.” Necrotic cell death of neutrophils is associated with the permeabilization of both plasma and nuclear membranes resulting in a kind of extracellular cloud of nuclear DNA. The molecular mechanisms eliciting necrotic neutrophil death have been investigated and appear to be different from those responsible for NET formation following mitochondrial DNA release. Here, we discriminate between the mechanisms responsible for the release of mitochondrial versus nuclear DNA and address their respective functions. Our aim is to clarify existing differences of opinion in the fields of NET formation and neutrophil death.
Fabrication of the First Disposable Three‐dimensional Paper‐based Concentration Cell as Ammonia Sensor with a New Method for Paper Hydrophobization by Laser Patterned Parafilm®
Authors: Rafatmah Elmira , Hemmateenejad Bahram 
Published: January 2019

AbstractA new, simple and low‐cost method for patterning hydrophobic barriers in porous support such as paper by Parafilm® has been introduced. This method is then used for electrochemical paper‐based ammonia sensor construction. Ammonia sensor is based on electrochemical concentration cell which ammonia reaction with electrolyte in halves cell caused in concentration gradient and therefore potential difference dependent on ammonia concentration. The effect of concentrations of the involved chemicals, time periods of the required processes, the presence of Faraday cage as well as the effects of different salts used in the salt bridge on the response of the sensor, were investigated in order to find the optimized conditions.
Oxidation Behavior of Insecticide Azoxystrobin and its Voltammetric Determination Using Boron‐doped Diamond Electrode
Authors: Šelešovská Renáta , Herynková Marie , Skopalová Jana , Kelíšková‐Martinková Pavlína , Janíková Lenka , Cankař Petr , Bednář Petr , Chýlková Jaromíra 
Published: January 2019

AbstractElectrochemical oxidation of azoxystrobin, a systemic fungicide commonly used in agriculture to protect a wide variety of crops, was investigated using cyclic voltammetry with a boron‐doped diamond electrode (BDDE) in aqueous buffer solutions. Two pH independent irreversible anodic current peaks controlled mostly by diffusion were observed in wide pH range (2 to 12) at potentials +1600 mV and +2150 mV vs. saturated silver‐silver chloride electrode. Mechanism of the electrochemical oxidation was proposed and supported with high performance liquid chromatography/mass spectrometry analysis of azoxystrobin solutions electrolyzed on carbon fiber brush electrode. The main product of the first two‐electron oxidation step was identified as methyl 2‐(2‐{[6‐(2‐cyanophenoxy)pyrimidin‐4‐yl]oxy}phenyl)‐2‐hydroxy‐3‐oxopropanoate. An analytical method for the determination of azoxystrobin in water samples and pesticide preparation by differential pulse voltammetry with BDDE was developed. The method provides a wide linear dynamic range (3.0×10−7 to 2.0×10−4 mol L−1) with limit of detection 8×10−8 mol L−1. Accuracy of the method was evaluated by the addition and recovery method with recoveries ranging from 96.0 to 105.8 %. Interference study proved sufficient selectivity of the developed voltammetric method for the azoxystrobin determination in presence of azole fungicides as well as pesticides used to prevent the same crops.
Comparison of Glassy Carbon and Copper Microparticles as a Renewable Working Electrode Material for Amperometric Determination of Amino Acids Using Flow Through Detector
Authors: Mika Jan , Barek Jiří , Zima Jiří , Prokešová Edita , Dejmkova Hana 
Published: January 2019

AbstractFlow‐through detector with renewable working material based on glassy carbon or copper microparticles was used for flow injection determination of tyrosine by direct oxidation and phenylalanine via the complexation reaction with copper ions, respectively. Copper‐based detector allows the determination of electrochemically inactive amino acid, but the detection conditions are limited and fabrication and handling of the detector are more demanding. Low working potential, applied for the detection on copper microparticles, makes the determination very selective. Moreover, low baseline noise compensates lower sensitivity of copper‐based detector, enabling to reach quantification limit 4.7×10−6 mol L−1, in comparison with quantification limit 1.6×10−6 mol L−1 obtained for tyrosine on carbon‐based detector.