bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Chromatographic methods development, validation and degradation characterization of the antithyroid drug Carbimazole
Authors: Abdelrahman Maha M. 
Published: December 2018

AbstractThe current paper reports the development and validation of stability‐indicating HPLC and HPTLC methods for the separation and quantification of main impurity and degradation product of Carbimazole. The structures of the degradation products formed under stress degradation conditions, including hydrolytic and oxidative, photolytic and thermal conditions, were characterized and confirmed by MS and IR analyses. Based on the characterization data, the obtained degradation product from hydrolytic conditions was found to be methimazole—impurity A of Carbimazole as reported by the British Pharmacopeia and the European Pharmacopeia. A stability‐indicating HPLC method was carried out using a Zorbax Eclipse Plus CN column (150 × 4.6 mm i.d, 5 μm particle size) and a mobile phase composed of acetonitrile–0.05 m KH2PO4 (20: 80, v/v) in isocratic elution, at a flow rate of 1 mL/min. The method was proved to be sensitive for the determination down to 0.5% of Carbimazole impurity A. Additionally, a stability‐indicating chromatographic HPTLC method was achieved using cyclohexane–ethanol (9:1, v/v) as a developing system on HPTLC plates F254 with UV detection at 225 nm. The proposed HPLC and HPTLC methods were successfully applied to Carbimazole® tablets with mean percentage recoveries of 100.12 and 99.73%, respectively.
Prognostic implications of peritumoral vasculature in head and neck cancer
Authors: Evans Michael , Baddour Jr Harry Michael , Magliocca Kelly R. , Müller Susan , Nannapaneni Sreenivas , Chen Amy Y. , Kim Sunjin , Chen Zhengjia , Shin Dong M. , Wang Andrew Y. , Saba Nabil F. , Chen Zhuo G. 
Published: December 2018

AbstractBackgroundThere is conflicting evidence regarding the role of peritumoral lymphatic vessel density (LVD) and blood microvessel density (MVD) in the metastasis and prognosis of head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC). Existing studies are limited to one or two head and neck subsites and/or small sample sizes. A larger study incorporating multiple sub‐sites is needed to address the role of peritumoral LVD and MVD in HNSCC metastasis and prognosis.MethodsTissue samples from 200 HNSCC cases were stained simultaneously using immunohistochemistry (IHC) for markers of peritumoral LVD (lymphatic vessel marker D240) and MVD (blood vessel marker CD31). Of the stained slides, 166 and 167 were evaluable for LVD and MVD, respectively. The results were then correlated with clinicopathologic features and patient outcomes.ResultsPatients with metastatic disease were more likely to have high peritumoral MVD. Through multivariable analyses, MVD was not significantly related to DFS and OS, while low LVD was related to higher risk of disease progression and poor survival.ConclusionsPeritumoral MVD was found to be positively associated with metastasis, while LVD was found to be inversely related to both metastasis and progression of HNSCC. These findings may suggest a prognostic role of both peritumoral LVD and MVD in patients with HNSCC.
Clinical relevance of circulating tumor DNA assessed through deep sequencing in patients with metastatic colorectal cancer
Authors: Osumi Hiroki , Shinozaki Eiji , Takeda Yoshinori , Wakatsuki Takeru , Ichimura Takashi , Saiura Akio , Yamaguchi Kensei , Takahashi Shunji , Noda Tetsuo , Zembutsu Hitoshi 
Published: December 2018

AbstractBecause circulating tumor DNA (ctDNA) studies focusing on only one or a few genes to monitor the disease progress or treatment response are unlikely to find its clinical significance, the development of cell‐free DNA (cfDNA) panel covering hundreds of mutation hot spots is important for the establishment of clinically practical ctDNA detection system. We enrolled 101 patients with metastatic colorectal cancer (mCRC) who received chemotherapy. Amplicon‐based genomic profiling of 14 genes, which are commonly mutated in CRC, in plasma by next‐generation sequencing (NGS) was carried out to evaluate the feasibility of this assay and was compared with their clinical parameters and RAS status in matched tissue samples. Somatic mutations of the 14 genes in plasma cfDNA were detected in 88 patients (87.1%) with mCRC. Mutations in TP53, KRAS, and APC genes were detected in 70 (69.3%), 39 (38.6%), and 24 (23.7%) patients, respectively. Mutant allele frequencies in plasma were significantly associated with metastasis (liver, P = 0.00004, lymph node, P = 0.008, number of metastatic organs, P = 0.0006), tumor markers (CEA, P = 0.000007, CA19‐9, P = 0.006, LDH, P = 0.00001), and tumor diameter (maximum, P = 0.00002, sum of diameter, P = 0.00009). The overall concordance rate of RAS status between ctDNA and matched tissue was 77.2% (78/101). Our data confirmed that mutant allele in cfDNA can be sensitively detected by amplicon‐based NGS system. These results suggest that ctDNA could be a novel diagnostic biomarker to monitor changes in mutational status and tumor burden in patients with mCRC.
An integrated transcriptome analysis in T‐cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia links DNA methylation subgroups to dysregulated TAL1 and ANTP homeobox gene expression
Authors: Haider Zahra , Larsson Pär , Landfors Mattias , Köhn Linda , Schmiegelow Kjeld , Flægstad Trond , Kanerva Jukka , Heyman Mats , Hultdin Magnus , Degerman Sofie 
Published: December 2018

AbstractClassification of pediatric T‐cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia (T‐ALL) patients into CIMP (CpG Island Methylator Phenotype) subgroups has the potential to improve current risk stratification. To investigate the biology behind these CIMP subgroups, diagnostic samples from Nordic pediatric T‐ALL patients were characterized by genome‐wide methylation arrays, followed by targeted exome sequencing, telomere length measurement, and RNA sequencing. The CIMP subgroups did not correlate significantly with variations in epigenetic regulators. However, the CIMP+ subgroup, associated with better prognosis, showed indicators of longer replicative history, including shorter telomere length (P = 0.015) and older epigenetic (P < 0.001) and mitotic age (P < 0.001). Moreover, the CIMP+ subgroup had significantly higher expression of ANTP homeobox oncogenes, namely TLX3, HOXA9, HOXA10, and NKX2‐1, and novel genes in T‐ALL biology including PLCB4, PLXND1, and MYO18B. The CIMP− subgroup, with worse prognosis, was associated with higher expression of TAL1 along with frequent STIL‐TAL1 fusions (2/40 in CIMP+ vs 11/24 in CIMP−), as well as stronger expression of BEX1. Altogether, our findings suggest different routes for leukemogenic transformation in the T‐ALL CIMP subgroups, indicated by different replicative histories and distinct methylomic and transcriptomic profiles. These novel findings can lead to new therapeutic strategies.
Online Detection of Ellipsoidal Bubbles by an Innovative Optical Approach
Authors: Lichti Markus , Cheng Xiaoyin , Stephani Henrike , Bart Hans-Jörg 
Published: December 2018

AbstractBubble and droplet size distribution influence chemical processes markedly. In order to enable an in‐line analysis of these distributions, a new single‐sided endoscopic version of the Optical Multimode Online Probe (OMOP) was developed. The acquired images are analyzed to gain bubble size distributions (BSDs) and main diagonals. A specific workflow was developed to detect and analyze overlapping bubbles based on standard image processing techniques. It can handle overlapping bubbles of both circular and elliptical shapes. Results confirmed that the combination of OMOP and the image processing workflow leads to robust detection of bubbles from two‐dimensional images. The new single‐sided OMOP proved to be a suitable tool for the acquisition of a BSD at industrial scale within a reasonable computing time.
From Electrodes to Electrodes: Building High‐Performance Li‐Ion Capacitors and Batteries from Spent Lithium‐Ion Battery Carbonaceous Materials
Authors: Aravindan Vanchiappan , Jayaraman Sundaramurthy , Tedjar Farouk , Madhavi Srinivasan 
Published: December 2018

AbstractWe report the possibility of recycling carbonaceous materials (GC) from used/spent Li‐ion batteries (LIBs) and re‐using the material again as a negative electrode. In addition to LIB, the possibility of using them in Li‐ion capacitor (LIC) configuration with activated carbon is also explored. First, the carbonaceous materials are recovered from the mechanical treatment and subsequent leaching process. After the successful recovery, the Li‐insertion properties are studied in half‐cell assembly and it exhibits very decent electrochemical activity. While re‐using GC as an anode, large irreversibility is noted compared to fresh usage. Therefore, the elimination of such irreversible capacity is desperately required prior to the fabrication of either LIBs or LICs. Full‐cell LIB is assembled with olivine phase LiFePO4 cathode and the configuration delivers a maximum energy density of ∼313 Wh kg−1. Similarly, the GC is used as an anode in LIC assembly with commercial activated carbon. The LIC displays an energy density of ∼112 Wh kg−1 with decent cycling profiles.
An Amine‐Functionalized Zirconium Metal–Organic Polyhedron Photocatalyst with High Visible‐Light Activity for Hydrogen Production
Authors: Sun Min , Wang Qing‐Qing , Qin Chao , Sun Chun‐Yi , Wang Xin‐Long , Su Zhong‐Min 
Published: December 2018

AbstractMetal–organic polyhedra (MOPs) are promising candidates for many potential applications; however, their use as photocatalysts for hydrogen production has yet to be developed. Herein, the photocatalytic performance of a water‐stable Zr‐MOP, ZrT‐1‐NH2, was evaluated, for the first time, through photocatalytic hydrogen evolution under visible‐light irradiation. ZrT‐1‐NH2 shows clearly enhanced photocatalytic activity (510.42 μmol g−1 h−1) for hydrogen production, in comparison with that of other homogeneous crystalline materials. If platinum nanoparticles were introduced into the photocatalytic system, the hydrogen production efficiency of ZrT‐1‐NH2 could be further improved. For ZrT‐1‐NH2, the conspicuous improvement in photocatalysis can be attributed to efficient electron–hole separation, targeted electron transfer, and excellent recombination suppression. Furthermore, ZrT‐1‐NH2 shows excellent stability during photocatalytic hydrogen evolution over five continuous runs. This work illustrates that MOP‐based photocatalysts hold promise for broad applications in the domain of clean energy.
Dynamic Optimization and Non‐linear Model Predictive Control to Achieve Targeted Particle Morphologies
Authors: Gerlinger Wolfgang , Asua José Maria , Chaloupka Tomáš , Faust Johannes M.M. , Gjertsen Fredrik , Hamzehlou Shaghayegh , Hauger Svein Olav , Jahns Ekkehard , Joy Preet J. , Kosek Juraj , Lapkin Alexei , Leiza Jose Ramon , Mhamdi Adel , Mitsos Alexander , Naeem Omar , Rajabalinia Noushin , Singstad Peter , Suberu John 
Published: December 2018

AbstractAn event‐driven approach based on dynamic optimization and nonlinear model predictive control (NMPC) is investigated together with inline Raman spectroscopy for process monitoring and control. The benefits and challenges in polymerization and morphology monitoring are presented, and an overview of the used mechanistic models and the details of the dynamic optimization and NMPC approach to achieve the relevant process objectives are provided. Finally, the implementation of the approach is discussed, and results from experiments in lab and pilot‐plant reactors are presented.
Optimizing multi‐tier application performance with interference and affinity‐aware placement algorithms
Authors: Ludwig Uillian L. , Xavier Miguel G. , Kirchoff Dionatrã F. , Cezar Ian B. , De Rose César A. F. 
Published: December 2018

SummaryCloud providers are constantly seeking to become more cost effective, where a common strategy is to consolidate multiple applications in physical machines using virtualization techniques. This consolidation, however, may result in performance related problems such as resource interference. Moreover, if the workload is composed of multi‐tier applications, an increasingly popular method of application development, especially for web and mobile, in which tiers need to communicate through the network, we have another possible source of performance degradation, which we refer as network affinity. In order to reduce the effects of such problems, placement techniques are used to better distribute the applications in the physical machines. Several of these placement techniques consider resource interference or network affinity in order to decide the best placement, however, none of them apply both criteria at the same time. In our previous work, we identified that a combined approach could result in better solutions for this problem and proposed a set of placement policies that explore this tradeoff. In this paper, we propose placement algorithms based on these policies and evaluate the proposed solutions for different workload scenarios using a visual simulation tool we developed called CIAPA. CIAPA introduces a performance degradation model, a cost function, and heuristics to find a placement with the minimum cost for a specific workload of multi‐tier applications. In our preliminary experiments, we compared the solution generated by CIAPA with other placement strategies from related work, and have verified that, for the tested scenarios, it delivers placement decisions with better cost and, consequently, improved performance. We observed a reduction in response time of 10% when compared to interference strategies and up to 18% when considering only affinity strategies.
Luminescence Spectroscopy of Rhodamine Homodimer Dications in Vacuo Reveals Strong Dye‐Dye Interactions
Authors: Kjær Christina , Lissau Henriette , Gravesen Salinas Nina Katharina , Østergaard Madsen Andreas , Stockett Mark H. , Storm Freja E. , Holm Hansen Thomas , Andersen Jens Ulrik , Laursen Bo W. , Mikkelsen Kurt V. , Brøndsted Nielsen Mogens , Brøndsted Nielsen Steen 
Published: December 2018

AbstractBeing alone or together makes a difference for the photophysics of dyes but for ionic dyes it is difficult to quantify the interactions due to solvent screening and nearby counter ions. Gas‐phase luminescence experiments are desirable and now possible based on recent developments in mass spectrometry. Here we present results on tailor‐made rhodamine homodimers where two dye cations are separated by methylene linkers, (CH2)n. In solution the fluorescence is almost identical to that from the monomer whereas the emission from bare cation dimers redshifts with decreasing n. In the absence of screening, the electric field from the charge on one dye is strong enough to polarize the other dye, both in the ground state and in the excited state. An electrostatic model based on symmetric dye responses (equal induced‐dipole moments in ground state) captures the underlying physics and demonstrates interaction even at large distances. Our results have possible implications for gas‐phase Förster Resonance Energy Transfer.
Hydrogen‐Release Reaction of a Complex Transition Metal Hydride with Covalently Bound Hydrogen and Hydride Ions
Authors: Sato Toyoto , Daemen Luke L. , Cheng Yongqiang , Ramirez‐Cuesta Anibal J. , Ikeda Kazutaka , Aoki Takuma , Otomo Toshiya , Orimo Shin‐ichi 
Published: December 2018

AbstractThe hydrogen‐release reaction of a complex transition metal hydride, LaMg2NiH7, composed of La3+, 2×Mg2+, [NiH4]4− and 3×H−, was studied by thermal analyses, powder X‐ray, and neutron diffraction and inelastic neutron scattering. Upon heating, LaMg2NiH7 released hydrogen at approximately 567 K and decomposed into LaH2−3 and Mg2Ni. Before the reaction, covalently bound hydrogen (Hc°v.) in [NiH4]4− exhibited a larger atomic displacement than H−, although a weakening of the chemical bonds around [NiH4]4− and H− was observed. These results indicate the precursor phenomenon of a hydrogen‐release reaction, wherein there is a large atomic displacement of Hc°v. that induces the hydrogen‐release reaction rather than H−. As an isothermal reaction, LaMg2NiH7 formed LaMg2NiH2.4 at 503 K in vacuum for 48 h, and LaMg2NiH2.4 reacted with hydrogen to reform LaMg2NiH7 at 473 K under 1 MPa of H2 gas pressure for 10 h. These results revealed that LaMg2NiH7 exhibited partially reversible hydrogen‐release and uptake reactions.
Tuning the Aluminum Distribution in Zeolites to Increase their Performance in Acid‐Catalyzed Reactions
Authors: Dědeček Jiri , Tabor Edyta , Sklenak Stepan 
Published: December 2018

AbstractThe organization of Al atoms in the framework of Si‐rich zeolites is very important and includes two classes: (i) the Al siting that determines which individual, crystallographically distinguishable framework T sites are occupied by Al atoms and (ii) the Al distribution, which describes the relation of two or more Al atoms in the framework, their distances, and the possibility of neighboring Al atoms to cooperate in the formation of active sites. The organization of Al significantly affects the catalytic properties of Si‐rich, zeolite‐based catalysts in acid and redox catalysis. Herein, what is known about the organization of Al in the framework of industrially very important pentasil‐ring Si‐rich zeolites (ZSM‐5, beta zeolite, mordenite, ferrierite, MCM‐22, and TNU‐9), as well as the very promising SSZ‐13 Si‐rich zeolite with the CHA structure, is summarized.
Electrochemical Exchange Reaction Mechanism and the Role of Additive Water to Stabilize the Structure of VOPO4⋅2 H2O as a Cathode Material for Potassium‐Ion Batteries
Authors: Hyoung Jooeun , Heo Jongwook W. , Chae Munseok S. , Hong Seung‐Tae 
Published: December 2018

AbstractVOPO4⋅2 H2O is demonstrated as a cathode material for potassium‐ion batteries in 0.6 m KPF6 in ethylene carbonate/diethyl carbonate, and its distinct exchange reaction mechanism between potassium and crystal water is reported. In an anhydrous electrolyte, the cathode shows an initial capacity of approximately 90 mAh g−1, with poor capacity retention (32 % after 50 cycles). In contrast, the capacity retention dramatically improved (86 % after 100 cycles) in a wet electrolyte containing 0.1 m of additive water. VOPO4⋅2 H2O contains two types of water (structural and crystal). Upon discharge, potassium ions are intercalated whereas the crystal water is simultaneously de‐intercalated from the structure. Upon charging, a completely reverse reaction takes place in the wet electrolyte, resulting in high stability of the host structure and excellent cyclability. However, in the anhydrous electrolyte, some portion of the extracted crystal water molecules cannot be reinserted into the host structure because they are distributed over the anhydrous electrolyte. Keeping some concentration of water in the electrolyte turns out to be was the key to achieving such high reversibility. The potassium ions (90 %) and proton or hydronium ions (10 %) seem to be co‐intercalated in the wet electrolyte. This work provides a general insight into the intercalation mechanism of crystal‐water‐containing host materials.
Error and congestion control for wireless sensor networks
Authors: Stais Charilaos , Xylomenos George 
Published: December 2018

SummaryIn the wireless sensors network (WSN) field, a wide variety of sensors produce a heterogeneous traffic mix, targeting diverse applications with different reliability requirements. We focus on emergency response scenarios, where a mobile rescuer moves through a, possibly disconnected, network, trying to talk to diverse sensors. We assume two types of sensors, event sensors triggered by an event and periodic sensors activated at predefined time intervals, as well as two types of transmission, either using the highest bit rate available or using predefined bit rates. Our reliable transport protocol for sensor networks with mobile sinks (RT‐SENMOS) takes into account all these parameters and tries to provide the best possible user experience under the current circumstances of the network, using a sink‐driven approach where an application‐specific sink is combined with generic sensors. RT‐SENMOS was implemented and tested over a real network with emulated losses and compared against rate‐controlled reliable transport (RCRT), a well‐known sink‐driven protocol. The results show that RT‐SENMOS fully exploits the available bandwidth in all cases, while RCRT only manages to exploit 60% to 90% of it. Furthermore, RT‐SENMOS adapts much faster to prevailing network conditions, while its protocol overhead, in terms of control messages exchanged, is much lower than that of RCRT.
Performance analysis of MC‐CDMA by employing the MMSE‐PIC scheme in wireless communications
Authors: Lakshmi Prasanna Kumar Lanke , Srinivasa Murthy Kamavaram Ellore , Giri Prasad Mahendhra Nanjappa 
Published: December 2018

SummaryFrom the past decade, the multicarrier code division multiple access (MC‐CDMA) transmission schemes have placed major role in wireless communications. It is providing a secured wireless communication to the users with guaranteed performance. In many situations, the performance of the MC‐CDMA is restricted due to the interference caused by multiple access interference (MAI), which also influences the frameworks of CDMA. To overcome this issue, we concentrated on developing the efficient technique for data transmission with interference cancellation for downlink MC‐CDMA. In the proposed method, the interference cancellation procedure is done by using the regeneration and subtraction of MAI from the signal. The simulation results are evaluated using the MC‐CDMA system with different decision functions. Results proved that the proposed system is efficient in reducing the MAI along with an improved bit error rate (BER).
Predicting ulcer‐free survival using the discriminative value of screening test locations
Authors: Rinkel Willem D. , van der Oest Mark J.W. , Dijkstra Don A. , Castro Cabezas Manuel , Coert Jan Hendrik 
Published: December 2018

AbstractBackgroundCurrent guidelines recommend screening the feet of diabetic subjects with a 10‐g monofilament or tuning fork. We investigated which tests and locations on the feet have the best predictive value regarding 1‐year ulcer‐free survival in diabetic subjects participating in the prospective Rotterdam Diabetic Foot Study.MethodsDecision tree analysis was used to predict ulcer‐free survival based on responses from individual test locations (monofilaments on 10 sites, vibration sense was tested on both halluces and medial malleoli). Separate trees for patients with and without a history of diabetic foot ulcer (DFU) were developed.ResultsFour hundred sixteen subjects (mean [SD] age, 61.8 years [12.4]; range, 21.6‐90.2) were measured, of whom 24 developed new DFUs. Three tests exhibited discriminative and predictive properties: testing vibration sense on the medial malleolus and monofilament testing on heel and hallux. The decision tree to predict ulcer‐free survival in patients with a history of DFU yielded a sensitivity of 87.0%, which was 99.6% for the tree of patients without a history of DFU.ConclusionThe findings of this study aids medical decision making by discriminating between high‐ and low‐risk patients of developing DFU using selective testing on sites with predictive properties.