bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Predicting 10-Year and Lifetime Stroke Risk in Chinese Population
Authors: Xing Xiaolong , Yang Xueli , Liu Fangchao , Li Jianxin , Chen Jichun , Liu Xiaoqing , Cao Jie , Shen Chong , Yu Ling , Lu Fanghong , Wu Xianping , Zhao Liancheng , Li Ying , Hu Dongsheng , Lu Xiangfeng , Gu Dongfeng 
Published: August 2019

Background and Purpose—
Risk assessment is essential for the primary prevention of stroke. However, the current available tools derived from Chinese populations are insufficient for individualized 10-year and lifetime stroke risk prediction. Our study aims to develop and validate personalized 10-year and lifetime stroke risk equations incorporating 4 large Chinese cohorts.

Methods—
We used 2 prospective cohorts of 21 320 participants with similar survey protocols as the derivation cohort to develop sex-specific 10-year and lifetime stroke risk equations. Two other independent cohorts with 14 123 and 70 838 participants were used for external validation. In addition, the performance of the 10-year stroke risk equations among participants aged ≥55 years was compared with the new Framingham Stroke Risk Profile.

Results—

The sex-specific equations for predicting 10-year stroke risk had C statistics being 0.810 for men and 0.810 for women, with calibration χ
2
being 15.0 (
P
=0.092) and 7.8 (
P
=0.550), respectively. The lifetime stroke risk equations also showed C statistics around 0.800 and calibration χ
2
below 20 for both sexes. In the validation cohorts, we found good agreement between the observed and predicted stroke probabilities for both the 10-year and lifetime stroke risk equations. Further compared with the new Framingham Stroke Risk Profile, our 10-year stroke risk equations displayed better prediction capability. In addition, based on lifetime stroke risk assessment, 5.7% of study participants aged 35 to 49 years old were further reclassified as high risk, who were initially categorized as low 10-year risk.

Conclusions—
We developed a well-performed tool for predicting personalized 10-year and lifetime stroke risk among the Chinese adults, which will facilitate the further identification of high-risk individuals and community-based stroke prevention in China.
Non-destructive three-dimensional crystallographic orientation analysis of olivine using laboratory diffraction contrast tomography
Authors: Pankhurst Matthew J , Gueninchault Nicolas , Andrew Matthew , Hill Edward 
Published: August 2019

AbstractX-ray laboratory diffraction contrast tomography (LabDCT) produces three-dimensional (3D) maps of crystallographic orientation. The non-destructive nature of the technique affords the key benefit of full 3D context of these, and other, in situ measurements. This study is the first to apply the technique to any material other than a metal or silicon. We report the first 3D measurements of the crystallographic orientation of olivine, which also makes this study the first to apply LabDCT to (1) a non-metallic, non-cubic system and (2) geological material. First, we scanned fragments of olivine set in resin alongside glass microbeads using LabDCT and absorption contrast tomography (ACT). Then we reconstructed these data assuming an orthorhombic crystal system. We show that: (1) the regions within the sample that index well according to the orthorhombic system correspond to olivine fragments in the ACT image; (2) crystalline regions not corresponding to olivine are not indexed assuming the same lattice parameters; and (3) the diffraction data discriminates crystalline from non-crystalline materials as expected. Finally, we demonstrate that the method resolves sub-degree orientation differences between distinct regions within individual olivine fragments. We conclude that DCT can be applied to the study of rocks and other crystalline materials, and offers advantages over conventional techniques. We also note that LabDCT may offer a solution to the crystallographic measurement of substances that would otherwise be difficult to measure due to challenges in obtaining a perfect sample polish. Future developments to accommodate larger experimental volumes and additional crystallographic systems within a sample promises to expand the applicability and impact of DCT.
Is adjunctive CBT really effective for schizophrenia?
Authors: Reid Katherine 
Published: August 2019

SUMMARYAlthough antipsychotic medication remains the mainstay of treatment for schizophrenia, medications alone are not always successful. Cognitive–behavioural therapy (CBT) is recommended as an adjunct to pharmacological treatment. The Cochrane review under consideration evaluates the effects of offering CBT as an add-on to standard care compared with standard care alone, and this commentary puts those findings into their clinical context.DECLARATION OF INTERESTNone.
DID in resurgence, not retreat
Authors: Radcliffe Pamela , Rix Keith 
Published: August 2019

SUMMARYContrary to the assertion of Paris, diverse indicators suggest that the diagnosis and treatment of dissociative identity disorder (DID) are resurgent rather than retreating. This commentary reviews the evidence that justifies the description of this condition as controversial, including research into dissociative amnesia. The potential harm that can result from a diagnosis of DID and risky treatment techniques, including hypnosis and abreaction, are described. It is suggested that this scientifically unproven and potentially harmful treatment model should be confronted and quelled and its diagnosis and treatment subjected to critical clinical review, including randomised controlled trials, as a matter of urgency. A plea is made for the Royal College of Psychiatrists to update its 1997 guidance document and for professional training to incorporate updated psychological and neurobiological research on human memory.DECLARATION OF INTERESTNone.
Characterizing the Feasibility and Performance of Real-World Tumor Progression End Points and Their Association With Overall Survival in a Large Advanced Non–Small-Cell Lung Cancer Data Set
Authors: Griffith Sandra D. , Miksad Rebecca A. , Calkins Geoff , You Paul , Lipitz Nicole G. , Bourla Ariel B. , Williams Erin , George Daniel J. , Schrag Deborah , Khozin Sean , Capra William B. , Taylor Michael D. , Abernethy Amy P. 
Published: August 2019

PURPOSE Large, generalizable real-world data can enhance traditional clinical trial results. The current study evaluates reliability, clinical relevance, and large-scale feasibility for a previously documented method with which to characterize cancer progression outcomes in advanced non–small-cell lung cancer from electronic health record (EHR) data. METHODS Patients who were diagnosed with advanced non–small-cell lung cancer between January 1, 2011, and February 28, 2018, with two or more EHR-documented visits and one or more systemic therapy line initiated were identified in Flatiron Health’s longitudinal EHR-derived database. After institutional review board approval, we retrospectively characterized real-world progression (rwP) dates, with a random duplicate sample to ascertain interabstractor agreement. We calculated real-world progression-free survival, real-world time to progression, real-world time to next treatment, and overall survival (OS) using the Kaplan-Meier method (index date was the date of first-line therapy initiation), and correlations between OS and other end points were assessed at the patient level (Spearman’s ρ). RESULTS Of 30,276 eligible patients,16,606 (55%) had one or more rwP event. Of these patients, 11,366 (68%) had subsequent death, treatment discontinuation, or new treatment initiation. Correlation of real-world progression-free survival with OS was moderate to high (Spearman’s ρ, 0.76; 95% CI, 0.75 to 0.77; evaluable patients, n = 20,020), and for real-world time to progression correlation with OS was lower (Spearman’s ρ, 0.69; 95% CI, 0.68 to 0.70; evaluable patients, n = 11,902). Interabstractor agreement on rwP occurrence was 0.94 (duplicate sample, n = 1,065) and on rwP date 0.85 (95% CI, 0.81 to 0.89; evaluable patients n = 358 [patients with two independent event captures within 30 days]). Median rwP abstraction time from individual EHRs was 18.0 minutes (interquartile range, 9.7 to 34.4 minutes). CONCLUSION We demonstrated that rwP-based end points correlate with OS, and that rwP curation from a large, contemporary EHR data set can be reliable, clinically relevant, and feasible on a large scale.
Chagasic Megaesophagus–Associated Carcinoma: Clinical Pattern and Outcomes
Authors: Martins Mariane C.L. , Miyazaki Daniela L. , Gabiatti Camila C.T. , Silva Leandro P. , Macedo Lígia T. , Siqueira Nádia S. , Andreollo Nelson A. , Carvalheira José B.C. 
Published: August 2019

PURPOSE Approximately 4% to 10% of patients diagnosed with Chagas-induced megaesophagus disease develop esophageal carcinoma. However, the natural history and clinical pattern of this entity are not well described. METHODS Herein, we retrospectively analyzed 593 patients with esophageal carcinoma treated at a single Brazilian institution. We identified 32 patients with Chagas disease, of whom 11 had megaesophagus. The epidemiologic profile and oncological treatment outcomes were evaluated. RESULTS Although baseline characteristics were similar among the three groups, patients with Chagas megaesophagus–associated carcinoma (CMAC) presented with a lower rate of smoking. This factor reinforced the concept that achalasia is the predominant risk factor for cancer development. The CMAC group had a higher rate of tumor in situ (two of 11 patients) compared with the other groups. These patients were treated with endoscopic resection, and no recurrence was detected. Eight of 11 patients with CMAC were diagnosed with locally advanced disease. Patients with locally advanced CMAC presented with a median progression-free survival of 7.8 months and a median overall survival of 9.1 months. CONCLUSION If CMAC is not promptly detected, it has a dismal prognosis, indicating that a high index of suspicion of esophageal carcinoma is required for patients with Chagasic megaesophagus. Additional studies are needed to improve the surveillance and treatment approaches for this neglected disease.
Internal Mammary Sentinel Lymph Node Biopsy in Clinically Axillary Lymph Node-Positive Breast Cancer: Diagnosis and Implications for Patient Management
Authors: Qiu Peng-Fei , Zhao Rong-Rong , Wang Wei , Sun Xiao , Chen Peng , Liu Yan-Bing , Liu Zhi-Guo , Wang Yong-Sheng 
Published: August 2019

Abstract
Background
Routine performance of internal mammary sentinel lymph node biopsy (IM-SLNB) remains a subject of debate due to no clinical relevance in breast cancer, because it was performed only in clinically axillary lymph node (ALN)-negative patients. In this study, IM-SLNB was performed in clinically ALN-positive patients, and its impact on nodal staging and therapeutic strategy were subsequently analyzed.

Methods
Clinically ALN-positive patients who underwent IM-SLNB were enrolled in this prospective study. Statistical analysis was performed using Chi square test, Mann–Whitney U and logistic regression models with a significance level of 0.05.

Results
Among the 352 recruited patients, the internal mammary sentinel lymph node (IMSLN) visualization rate of patients who received initial surgery and neoadjuvant systemic therapy (NST) was 71.9% (123/171) and 33.1% (60/181), respectively. The 183 patients who underwent IM-SLNB successfully had the average time duration of 7 min and the median IMSLN number of 2. There were 87 positive IMSLNs in all the 347 removed IMSLNs, which were mainly concentrated in the second (50.6%) and third (34.5%) intercostal space. The IMSLN metastasis rate was 39.8% (initial surgery) and 13.3% (NST), respectively. All of the 183 IM-SLNB patients received more accurate nodal staging, 57 of whom had stage elevated, which might have prompted modifications to the therapeutic strategy.

Conclusions
IM-SLNB should be routinely performed in clinically ALN-positive patients, and thus more accurate nodal staging and perfect pathologic complete response definition could be put forward. The identification of IMLN metastases by IM-SLNB might potentially influence therapeutic strategies.
Electrophysiological changes in the conducting properties of fast pathway following modification of the slow pathway of the atrio ventricular node for atrio ventricular nodal re-entrant tachycardia
Authors: Khan Imran , Shah Bakhtawar 
Published: August 2019

Objectives: To determine the possible changes in the conducting properties of the fast pathway after modification of the atrioventricular slow pathway for AVNRT which leads to the failure of the induction of tachycardia.
Methods: This study was conducted in the Cardiac electrophysiology Laboratory of Hayatabad Medical Complex, Peshawar, Pakistan from March 2017 to March 2018. All the patients underwent radiofrequency modification of the slow pathway for AVNRT. Patients in whom typical AVNRT was inducible with demonstration of dual AV nodal physiology were included in the study.
Results: A total of 171 cases were included in the study, 42 (25%) were males, mean age recorded was 47±15 years. There were no significant changes pre and post ablation in the base line parameters like VV interval, atrioventricular nodal (AV nodal) Wenckebach cycle length, slow pathway effective refractory period (SPERP) or fast and slow pathways maximal Atrio His interval. However significant change was observed in the effective refractory period of the fast pathway 350±49 Vs 290±32 (p value 0.0001). The difference between slow and Fast pathway ERP was also decreased significantly 82±36 Vs 56±24 (p value 0.004).
Conclusion: Our study showed that ablation of AV nodal slow pathway for atrioventricular nodal reentrant tachycardia leads to changes in the effective refractory period of the fast pathway.
doi: https://doi.org/10.12669/pjms.35.5.473
How to cite this:Khan I, Shah B. Electrophysiological changes in the conducting properties of fast pathway following modification of the slow pathway of the atrio ventricular node for atrio ventricular nodal re-entrant tachycardia. Pak J Med Sci. 2019;35(5):1301-1305. doi: https://doi.org/10.12669/pjms.35.5.473
This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
Editorial
Authors: Varghese Bindi 
Published: August 2019

Atna-Journal of Tourism Studies (ATJS) has continued to make progress in terms of publishing peer-reviewed articles and has attracted an ever increasing national audience of authors, research investigators, and scholars, as indicated by the increasing number of submissions and published papers. The scholarly contributions featured in the current issue range across such areas as wine tourism, medical tourism, film induced tourism, celebrity endorsement and SWOT analysis of eco-lables. Anupama Kotur Kaddi in her article Event Motivation Study of Wine Festival Visitors in Maharashtra highlights growing interest among Indian travelers in wine tourism within the country and outside. “Medical Tourism and Inclusive Growth:
The Experiential Facets of Special Interest Tourism Offerings of Wayanad, Kerala
Authors: P S Sibi 
Published: August 2019

Special interest tourism (SIT) has become a trend in modern tourism industry. It is emerging as a niche tourism concept in which tourists look for exclusive travel experiences, tour operators work passionately to offer specialized services and destinations focus on sustainable development. Wayanad, an exquisite hill station of Kerala, is emerging as one of the most preferred destinations for nature lovers as well as special interest tourists. Keeping in mind the demand for SIT promotion and with the objective of sustaining the natural and unique cultural heritage of Wayanad, an attempt is made in this paper to explore the special interest tourism avenues of Wayanad.
Laser light source limited uncertainty of speckle-based roughness measurements
Authors: Patzelt Stefan , Stöbener Dirk , Fischer Andreas 
Published: August 2019

Surface microtopography measurement (e.g., form, waviness, roughness) is a precondition to assess the surface quality of technical components with regard to their applications. Laser speckle-based roughness measurement is an optical scattered light measuring technique that provides field of view dimensions of some square millimeters and measuring frequencies in the kilohertz domain enabling in-process roughness characterization of even moving part surfaces. However, camera exposure times of microseconds or less and a high detector pixel density mean less light energy per pixel. This affects the minimal achievable measurement uncertainty, which has not been clarified yet for almost plain sample shapes. For this reason, the measurement uncertainty limit of the surface roughness parameter
Sa
due to fundamental, inevitable noise sources such as laser shot noise and detector noise is analytically estimated and compared to experimental data. The results show a mainly shot-noise-limited measurement uncertainty contribution of less than 0.033 nm. In addition, a significant influence of laser beam profile variations on the achievable roughness measurement uncertainty is identified for the current experimental setup, which is generally below 0.3 nm and can be improved in future setups. The already achieved low measurement uncertainty offers ideal preconditions for in-process roughness measurements on samples with a similar surface structure in industrial environments.
TOLERANSI SEBAGAI IDIOLOGI BERAGAMA (KAJIAN FUNGSIONAL ATAS KERAGAMAN AGAMA)
Authors: Urrozi Khoirun Nisa 
Published: August 2019

Realitas yang plural mengantarkan masyarakat pada perbedaan yang seringkali menimbulkan konflik, ketidak siapan masyarakat atas perbedaan agama, idiologi, keyakinan dan ritual pada lingkungan sosial menjadikan agama keluar dari fungsinya sebagai penuntun pada perdamaian. Agama merupakan sistem yaitu sebagai kontrol sosial yang pada dasarnya mengontrol manusia agar manusia dapat senantiasa menjadi insan yang ihsan. Melihat realitas idiologi dan keyakinan yang berbeda menjdikan fungsional bagi sebagian segmen dan menjadi tidak fungsional bagi sebagian segmen yang lain, dalam hal tersebut perlu kiranya memunculkan kembali sub sistem yang memang pada dasarnya merupakan bagian dari sistem agama yaitu toleransi, toleransi dibutuhkan sebagai upaya menjembatani perbedaan tersebut dengan menekan rasa egoisitas dan kepentingan untuk kemaslahatan bersama dalam hidup berdampingan.
The Survant Coal Member of the Linton Formation (Pennsylvanian) in Indiana
Authors: Mastalerz Maria , Ames Philip R. , Drobniak Agnieszka 
Published: August 2019

This study attempts to advance the understanding of the geometry of the Survant Coal Member of the Linton Formation (Pennsylvanian) in Indiana. We documented variability in the thickness and lateral extent of the coal beds present between the Mecca Quarry Shale Member of the Linton Formation and the Excello Shale Member of the Petersburg Formation—two transgressive traceable marine horizons. Our study was based on the detailed examination of 1,240 petroleum geophysical logs and coal test borehole logs throughout Indiana, and on previously collected data. The presence of multiple coal beds in the Survant Coal Member and variable thickness of the clastic partings create mapping challenges and difficulties in reliably evaluating coal resources, as well as stratigraphic uncertainties and confusion related to the nomenclature used for this coal. Because one to four coal beds occur between the Mecca Quarry Shale Member and the Excello Shale Member (namely, between the Colchester and Houchin Creek Coal Members of the Linton and Petersburg Formations), it is unclear which seams should be included in the Survant Coal Member. To better depict the complexity of the Survant Coal Member, we suggest that two additional locations be considered as reference sections. The first auxiliary reference section is Indiana Geological and Water Survey (formerly, Indiana Geological Survey) drill core SDH-366 (Petroleum Database Management System [PDMS] #150359) from Vanderburgh County (PDMS, 2018). This reference section represents the more southern part of Indiana where two coal benches are separated by a thick clastic interval. The second auxiliary reference section is drill core SDH-235 (PDMS #157302) in Greene County, representative of the central part Indiana where two distinct coal benches are separated by a relatively thin clastic parting. These two additional sections together with the current reference section (SDH-306 [PDMS #115871] located in Pike County in southern Indiana) capture the complexity of the Survant Coal Member more comprehensively than the current reference section alone.
This study provides new data on the geometry of the coal beds within the Survant Coal Member that will allow more reliable future resource and reserve evaluation of this coal. In addition, we have also compiled information about mining, resources, and properties of this coal to provide a comprehensive reference for the Survant Coal Member in Indiana.
REKONSTRUKSI KONSTITUSI DALAM REGIONAL REPRESENTATIVE DEWAN PERWAKILAN DAERAH TERHADAP FUNGSI LEGISLATIF
Authors: Tinambunan Hezron Sabar Rotua , Prasetio Dicky Eko 
Published: August 2019

Dewan Perwakilan Daerah atau DPD merupakan lembaga legislatif yang lahir dari gejolak reformasi 1998 yang keberadaan yuridis terkait DPD dan kewenangannya didasarkan Pasal 22D UUD NRI 1945. Dalam regelende functie maka sejatinya peran DPD sebagai perwakkilan daerah untuk mengimbangi adanya peran Dewan Perwakilan Rakyat sebagai political. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk meninjau dan menganalisis kembali bagaimana seharusnya keberadaan DPD dengan menggunakan metode yuridis normatif melalui pendekatan perundang-undangan (statute approach) dan pendekatan analitis (analytical approch), bahwa keanggotaan DPD haruslah merupakan calon perseorangan yang terbebas dari jabatan dan fungsionaris partai politik. Hal ini untuk mempertegas serta mengoptimalkan peran regional representative supaya dari proses pencalonan, pengangkatan, dan perumusan kebijakan merupakan perorangan yang benar-benar concern terhadap permasalahan, dinamika, dan kepentingan daerah yang diwakilinya.
EOG-based eye movement recognition using GWO-NN optimization
Authors: Mulam Harikrishna , Mudigonda Malini 
Published: August 2019

Abstract
In recent times, the control of human-computer interface (HCI) systems is triggered by electrooculography (EOG) signals. Eye movements recognized based on the EOG signal pattern are utilized to govern the HCI system and do a specific job based on the type of eye movement. With the knowledge of various related examinations, this paper intends a novel model for eye movement recognition based on EOG signals by utilizing Grey Wolf Optimization (GWO) with neural network (NN). Here, the GWO is used to minimize the error function from the classifier. The performance of the proposed methodology was investigated by comparing the developed model with conventional methods. The results reveal the loftier performance of the adopted method with the error minimization analysis and recognition performance analysis in correspondence with varied performance measures such as accuracy, sensitivity, specificity, precision, false-positive rate (FPR), false-negative rate (FNR), negative predictive value (NPV), false discovery rate (FDR) and the F1 score.