bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
PROFIL, ALOKASI DAN PENDAPATAN TENAGA KERJA PADA PERKEBUNAN KELAPA SAWIT RAKYAT DI KABUPATEN SOLOK SELATAN
Authors: Yulistriani Yulistriani , Mahdi Mahdi 
Published: April 2018

Labor is one of the main inputs in the production activities, including in agriculture. The quality and quantity of labor would have an impact on quality of products. Solok Selatan district is a new district in West Sumatera that has priority program for development of palm oil smallholders. The quality of labor will also determine the sustainability and success of the operational of palm oil smallholders.Field surveys and in-depth interviews had been carried out to find the profile, allocation and labor income of palm oil smallholders in Solok Selatan district. Respondents for this research were selected purposively with the criteria of land ownership is ? 2 hectares. This is because the farmers who have land area ? 2 Ha tend to use labor from outside the family and otherwise. The research finds that labors of palm oil smallholder in the research site were dominated by workers with primary education level (75%). Moreover, the average of work time allocation by respondents is was 84.5 HOK/ha/year. Meanwhile, the average income per month of the labors were Rp. 1,393,916.67 (flat land) and Rp. 1,786,083.33 - 1,837,333,33 (steep land) with assumption that each type of work available at any time and labors actively work for 8 hours per day in oil palm smallholder.Keywords: Profil, Allocation, Income, labour, palm oil
INTEGRASI PASAR SPASIAL TELUR AYAM RAS DI PROVINSI BENGKULU
Authors: Silalahi Romauliyana Br , Romdhon M Mustopa , Badrudin Redy 
Published: April 2018

This research is the integration of the market of “Telur Ayam Ras” in the Bengkulu Province. The analized district that are the City of Bengkulu, South Bengkulu District, North Bengkulu District, and Rejang Lebong District. The purpose of this research was to analyze the price developments and analyze spatial market integration of “telur ayam ras”. The data used is secondary data which is data price of “Telur Ayam Ras” in Bengkulu Province per month and taken during the past 10 years, starting in 2004 untill 2013. The analyze was performed by descriptive for price developments and to analyze spatial market integration is using Eviews 6 applications. Results of the research showed that the price development in the four districts fluctuates due to the influence of demand and supply, while integration of spatial market of eggs in the Bengkulu Province has already well integrated and there are two pairs of districts that interplay in the formation of prices, those are Bengkulu City with Rejang Lebong and South Bengkulu with North Bengkulu.Keyword :Price Developments, Spatial Market Integration.
FAKTOR – FAKTOR YANG MEMPENGARUHI TINGKAT PEMBELIAN MINYAK GORENG CURAH PADA RUMAH TANGGA DI KOTA BENGKULU
Authors: Anggraini Putry , Priyono Basuki Sigit , Suryanty Melly 
Published: April 2018

The research to aimed quantify the level of purchases of cooking oil in households in the city of Bengkulu and to analyze the factors affecting the level of purchases of cooking oil in households in the city of Bengkulu. The research area decided by purposive. The data that use in this research are primary data and secondary data. Analyzed method use Multiple Linear Regresion derived by the square of the least square ordinary (Ordinary Least Square / OLS). The result show : The average purchase of cooking oil in Bengkulu City every month of 6.6 kg / household / month. Household income positive significant effect on the purchase of cooking oil in the city of Bengkulu, and number of branded cooking oil purchases negative significant effect on the purchase of cooking oil in the city of Bengkulu. However, of age, education, household spending, and perceptions of the cooking oil products did not significantly influence the purchase of cooking oil in the city of Bengkulu.Keywords: Purchase, cooking oil, household
PATRON-CLIENT RELATIONSHIP AND STRATEGY OF GROWTH GAPOKDAKAN IN TAMBAK REJO VILLAGE, PADANG JAYA, NORTH BENGKULU DISTRICT
Authors: Nugraha Yan Yan S , Badrudin Redy , Utama Satria Putra 
Published: April 2018

The research aims to identify patterns of relationships patron-client in Tambak RejoVillage, to analyze internal and exsternal factors which is an aspect of theopportunities, threats, strengths and weaknesses in the development Gapokdakan in Tambak Rejo Village, Formulating alternative development strategies Gapokdakan in Tambak Rejo Village. The type of data used are primary and secondary data. Primary data were obtained by direct observation and interviews in depth about gapokdakan and secondary data from the literature books, articles, court documentation etc. The analytical method used is descriptive analysis to determine the pattern of patronclient, a SWOT analysis to look at the search for and review of internal and external factors to determine a good decision, whereas for determining the position of developmental conditions Gapokdakan that the formulation matrix IFE (Internal Factor Evaluation ) and matrix EFE (External Factor Evaluation). The results of this research is the patron-client that occurred in the Tambak Rejo village is lending system capital provided by middlemen to farmers in the form of fish feed, but this kind of relationship there are times when farmers in disadvantaged because of the incompatibility of fish price per kilogram, and the price increase feed if borrowed from brokers, on the other hand the benefits that the convenience of farmers to capital, marketing is assured, and farmers can continue farming fish. SWOT analysis for the IFE and EFE matrix is internal factor the highest strength is the availability of the fish pond, the highest weaknesses are internal factors that are difficult or capital financing farmers, the results of internal factors evaluation matrix, internal factor of gapokdakan is good. External factors greatest opportunities, namely the potential of tilapia hatchery in the Tambak Rejo village, as well as external factors are the biggest threat is the virus tilapia. There are two alternative development strategies Gapokdakan in Tambak Rejo, one of the strategic alternatives that Increase production with facilities and infrastructure and maintain the quality so that production can always meet existing market. Keywords: Patron-Klien, Swot, strategic alternative, Gapokdakan
Understanding Vikas: How Dalits Make Sense of Development in Rural Nepal
Authors: Shahi Sagar 
Published: April 2018

The experiences, views and opinions of the marginalized people have generally not been included in the development discourse, even though they supposedly are the beneficiaries of development. Dalits are not only marginalized but also untouchable in the Hindu caste hierarchy. Notion of 'untouchability' labeled the Dalits unique characters in their identity from which other castes do not suffer. This study explores the Dalits’ understanding on development. It shows that the meaning of development is contextual and Dalits understand it differently according to their age and educational background. Their understanding on development mostly refers to infrastructural, social, economic, human, cultural and political aspects of development. This study suggests a more culturally sensitive development practices that address/incorporate Dalits issues in a holistic way. Nepalese Journal of Development and Rural StudiesVol. 14 (Joint issue) (1&2), 2017, Page: 98-111
PENGARUH KUAT ARUS LISTRIK DAN JENIS KAMPUH LAS TERHADAP KEKERASAN DAN STRUKTURMAKRO PADA PENGELASAN STAINLESS STEEL AISI 304
Authors: Widodo Eriek Wahyu Restu 
Published: April 2018

<p>Pemilihan parameter pengelasan yang sesuai dan tepat menentukan hasil lasan, beberapa parameter yang menentukan adalah kuat arus listrik dan jenis kampuh. Hal ini disebabkan oleh perbedaan kuat arus listrik dan jenis kampuh menghasilkan panas yang berbeda sehingga mempengaruhi kekerasan pada daerah lasan. Pengelasan SMAW (<em>Shielded Metal Arc Welding</em>), merupakan las busur listrik dengan elektroda terbungkus oleh fluks, dimana fluks berfungsi sebagai pelindung logam las. Penelitian pengaruh variasi kuat arus listrik dan jenis kampuh las SMAW terhadap kekerasan hasil lasan dan strukturmakro pada material <em>Stainless Steel</em> AISI 304 diperoleh nilai kekerasan daerah HAZ sebesar 270.43 kg/mm<sup>2</sup> dan pada daerah logam lasnya sebesar 283.99 kg/mm<sup>2</sup>. Semakin besar kuat arus listrik yang diberikan akan semakin keras pula daerah lasannya. Hal ini dapat disebabkan adanya pengaruh panas (<em>heat input</em>) yang terjadi pada logam lasan saat proses pengelasan.</p>Kata kunci : <em>stainless steel</em> AISI 304, las SMAW, kekerasan, kuat arus listrik, jenis kampuh las
Incitations juridiques versus incitations normatives en présence d’erreurs judiciaires
Authors: Deffains Bruno , Fluet Claude 
Published: April 2018

Legal versus Normative Incentives Under Judicial Error.
We analyse the complementarity between legal incentives (i. e., the threat of being held liable for damages) and normative incentives (i. e., the fear of social disapproval) in situations where instances of misbehaviour are not perfectly observable. We show that there may be multiple equilibria within a given legal regime, as well as multiple socio-legal equilibria in different legal situations. We argue that this analysis may explain some of the differences between common lawand civil lawregarding the notions of fault or negligence. Our approach also provides an explanation for trends currently observed in civil law systems, in particular the weakening of evidentiary requirements in tort cases.
Analyse économique du droit et méthode expérimentale
Authors: Gabuthy Yannick , Jacquemet Nicolas 
Published: April 2018

Economic Analysis of Law and the Experimental Method.
We summarise the main contributions of experimental economics to the field of law and economics. Laboratory experiments are designed to replicate a microeconomic environment and to observe the behaviour of real people interacting in that environment. Theoretical predictions can then be compared with observed behaviour to assess their empirical relevance. We present a set of illustrations derived fromthis comparison. We reviewfour streams of research in experimental law and economics : the Coase theorem, competition policy, the efficiency of dispute resolution mechanisms, and criminal behaviour.
Analytical Models of Exoplanetary Atmospheres. V. Non-gray Thermal Structure with Coherent Scattering
Authors: Mohandas Gopakumar , Pessah Martin E. , Heng Kevin 
Published: April 2018

Abstract
We apply the picket fence treatment to model the effects brought about by spectral lines on the thermal structure of irradiated atmospheres. The lines may be due to pure absorption processes, pure coherent scattering processes, or some combination of absorption and scattering. If the lines arise as a pure absorption process, the surface layers of the atmosphere are cooler, whereas this surface cooling is completely absent if the lines are due to pure coherent isotropic scattering. The lines also lead to a warming of the deeper atmosphere. The warming of the deeper layers is, however, independent of the nature of line formation. Accounting for coherent isotropic scattering in the shortwave and longwave continuum results in anti-greenhouse cooling and greenhouse warming on an atmosphere-wide scale. The effects of coherent isotropic scattering in the line and continuum operate in tandem to determine the resulting thermal structure of the irradiated atmosphere.
Update on the X-Ray Variability Plane for Active Galactic Nuclei: The Role of the Obscuration
Authors: González-Martín Omaira 
Published: April 2018

Abstract
Scaling relations are the most powerful astrophysical tools to set constraints on the physical mechanisms of astronomical sources and to infer properties that cannot be accessed directly. We reinvestigate here one of these scaling relations in active galactic nuclei (AGNs); the so-called X-ray variability plane (or mass–luminosity timescale relation). This relation links the power-spectral density (PSD) break frequency with the super-massive black hole (SMBH) mass and the bolometric luminosity. We used the available XMM-Newton observations of a sample of 22 AGNs to study the PSD and spectra in short segments within each observation. This allows us to report for the first time that the PSD break frequency varies for each object, showing variations in 19 out of the 22 AGNs analyzed. Our analysis of the variability plane confirms the relation between the break frequency and the SMBH mass and finds that the obscuration along the line of sight N
H (or the variations on the obscuration using its standard deviation, ΔN
H) is also a required parameter, at least for the range of frequencies analyzed here (

). We constrain a new variability plane of the following form:

(or

). The X-ray variability plane found by McHardy et al. is roughly recovered when we use unobscured segments. We speculate that this behavior is well explained if most of the reported frequencies are related to inner clouds (within 1 pc), following Kepler orbits under the gravitational field of the SMBH.
Further Insight on the Hypervelocity White Dwarf, LP 40–365 (GD 492): A Nearby Emissary from a Single-degenerate Type Ia Supernova
Authors: Raddi R. , Hollands M. A. , Koester D. , Gänsicke B. T. , Fusillo N. P. Gentile , Hermes J. J. , Townsley D. M. 
Published: April 2018

Abstract
The recently discovered hypervelocity white dwarf LP 40−365 (aka GD 492) has been suggested as the outcome of the failed disruption of a white dwarf in a subluminous Type Ia supernova (SN Ia). We present new observations confirming GD 492 as a single star with unique spectral features. Our spectroscopic analysis suggests that a helium-dominated atmosphere, with ≃33% neon and 2% oxygen by mass, can reproduce most of the observed properties of this highly unusual star. Although our atmospheric model contrasts with the previous analysis in terms of dominant atmospheric species, we confirm that the atmosphere of GD 492 is strongly hydrogen deficient,

, and displays traces of 11 other α and iron-group elements (with sulfur, chromium, manganese, and titanium as new detections), indicating nuclear processing of carbon and silicon. We measure a manganese-to-iron ratio seven times larger than solar. While the observed abundances of GD 492 do not fully match any predicted nuclear yields of a partially burned supernova remnant, the manganese excess strongly favors a link with a single-degenerate SN Ia event over alternative scenarios.
Fast Radio Bursts’ Recipes for the Distributions of Dispersion Measures, Flux Densities, and Fluences
Authors: Niino Yuu 
Published: April 2018

Abstract
We investigate how the statistical properties of dispersion measure (DM) and apparent flux density/fluence of (nonrepeating) fast radio bursts (FRBs) are determined by unknown cosmic rate density history [ρ
FRB(z)] and luminosity function (LF) of the transient events. We predict the distributions of DMs, flux densities, and fluences of FRBs taking account of the variation of the receiver efficiency within its beam, using analytical models of ρ
FRB(z) and LF. Comparing the predictions with the observations, we show that the cumulative distribution of apparent fluences suggests that FRBs originate at cosmological distances and ρ
FRB increases with redshift resembling the cosmic star formation history (CSFH). We also show that an LF model with a bright-end cutoff at log10
L

ν
(erg s−1 Hz−1) ∼ 34 are favored to reproduce the observed DM distribution if ρ
FRB(z) ∝ CSFH, although the statistical significance of the constraints obtained with the current size of the observed sample is not high. Finally, we find that the correlation between DM and flux density of FRBs is potentially a powerful tool to distinguish whether FRBs are at cosmological distances or in the local universe more robustly with future observations.
Politique régionale européenne et développement économique
Authors: Bouayad-Agha Salima , Turpin Nadine , Védrine Lionel 
Published: April 2018

Cet article examine les effets par domaine d’intervention de la politique régionale européenne sur le taux de croissance du Pib et de l’emploi, pour la période 2000-2006. Nous estimons des fonctions de réponse à l’intensité des transferts par domaine d’intervention (environnement productif, infrastructures, ressources humaines) en utilisant une approche par le score de propension généralisé. Nous mettons en évidence que les montants totaux des fonds ont des effets positifs et significatifs sur le taux de croissance annuel moyen du Pib mais non significatifs sur le taux de croissance de l’emploi. Nous montrons un effet significatif et positif des transferts dans le domaine des infrastructures à la fois sur le taux de croissance du Pib et dans une moindre mesure sur celui de l’emploi. Les montants employés pour développer l’environnement productif des entreprises affectent le taux de croissance du Pib mais pas l’emploi, tandis que les montants affectés à l’amélioration du capital humain n’ont pas d’effet significatif.	Classification JEL : C14, C21, R11
Évaluer les stratégies de spécialisation intelligente
Authors: Colletis-Wahl Hans-Kristian 
Published: April 2018

Les stratégies de spécialisation intelligente sont mises en œuvre par la Commission européenne au sein de l’actuel cycle de politiques structurelles. La spécialisation intelligente correspond à une réorientation des politiques qui ont pour objectif le développement des régions européennes et, à travers elle, la cohésion économique et sociale des États-membres. Cette évolution repose sur un changement de grille d’analyse théorique des dynamiques territoriales, qui passe d’une représentation en termes de systèmes territoriaux d’innovation à une grille de lecture issue de la nouvelle économie géographique et du management stratégique, centrée sur l’innovation et ses répercussions sur la formation des structures économiques régionales. Cet article étudie les répercussions de ce changement sur la conception et la mise en œuvre des politiques régionales, ainsi que sur l’évaluation de leurs impacts en se basant sur une évaluation ex ante d’un PO Feder-Fse de l’actuel cycle de Fonds structurels 2014-2020.	Classification JEL : H11, H43, L26, O18, O30
L’évaluation d’impact territorial en pratique
Authors: Baslé Maurice 
Published: April 2018

L’évaluation d’impact territorial des programmes participe de l’évaluation de l’effectivité des politiques et des programmes publics sur un périmètre territorial à la fois géographique et institutionnel. Elle est donc une activité ambitieuse de connaissance au service de l’action publique à finalité territoriale, avant, pendant et après l’action. L’activité évaluative peut faire appel à des démarches de production de contrefactuel. Elle peut se contenter de faire appel à des représentations conventionnelles des logiques d’action publique. Seules ces dernières font l’objet ici d’une analyse approfondie en termes de faisabilité et de fiabilité. Les conventions de logiques d’action, lorsqu’elles sont partagées entre les acteurs de l’évaluation d’impact, sont au cœur des cahiers des charges et servent d’ossature aux termes de références des évaluations : elles sont le langage partagé par les acteurs publics et les évaluateurs. L'article se réfère à la seule pratique de ces représentations dans les usages des évaluateurs : l’accent est porté sur les conventions simples de représentations « de chaînes d’impact » mais aussi, dans le cas de politiques complexes, sur les représentations de « réseaux de valeur et d’impact ». Puisqu’il s’agit de conventions, les questions de faisabilité et de fiabilité des résultats des évaluations se posent immédiatement : elles sont traitées ici avec un esprit de praticien. Il est montré qu’un indicateur de confiance dans les résultats donne souvent du flou aux résultats évaluatifs mais ceci peut augmenter l’acceptabilité des résultats évaluatifs d’impact territorial, ce qui, au surplus, peut favoriser l’utilisation des résultats des évaluations.	Classification JEL : H11, H7, O18, R58.
Multi-agent Finite-time Ideal Convergence Algorithm Based on Bilinear Manifold
Authors: Yuan Feng 
Published: April 2018

Based on the traditional belief updating model, a concept of belief distance is put forward in this paper. On the basis of this concept, a new belief distance updating model for the multi-agent system is proposed, and the rationality of the model is proved. In this model, the belief distance updating process of the multi-agent system is described, and the linear system is used to describe the belief convergence process of the multi-agent system, which has simplified the complexity of the belief reachability analysis for the multi-agent system. On the basis of this model, the belief reachability for the multi-agent systems in the network control is analyzed, and the necessary and sufficient conditions for judging the belief reachability of the multi-agent system are given.
Effects of the aqueous extract from Abelmoschus esculentus L peel on hyperglycemia and hyperlipidemia induced by dexamethasone in rats
Authors: Dugani Aisha , Alkhetally Wesal , Elghedafi Elham , Alkayed Feras 
Published: April 2018

Abstract
Background: Hyperglycemia and hyperlipidemias are common clinical problem among users of glucocorticoids (GCs). The aim of the present study was to explore the effect of oral administration of the aqueous extract of Abelmoschus esculentus peel (AEPE) on hyperglycemia and hyperlipidemia induced in rats by dexamethasone (DEXA). Methods: Twenty-four rats were randomly divided into four equal groups. Each group was treated for 10 days either with 2% carboxymethylcellulose orally (normal control); 10 mg/kg DEXA subcutaneously (hyperglycemic group); 100 mg/kg AEPE orally plus 10 mg/kg DEXA subcutaneously (treatment group 1); or 200 mg/kg AEPE orally plus 10 mg/kg DEXA subcutaneously (treatment group 2). Animals were killed after 10 days of treatments by decapitation, their blood collected for the analysis of blood sugar and lipid profile. Results: Treatment with DEXA induced a significant increase in blood glucose and all lipids and a significant reduction in body weights. After 10 days of treatment, 100 mg/kg of AEPE was able to significantly reduce the effect of DEXA on triglycerides and low-density lipoprotein (LDL) only. 200 mg/kg of AEPE was able to significantly reduce the effect of DEXA on blood glucose levels, cholesterol, triglycerides, and LDL. Both doses of AEPE were able to increase high-density lipoprotein. Conclusion: This study suggests that the AEPE could be beneficial in protecting against GC-induced hyperglycemia and hyperlipidemia.