bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Autism spectrum disorders: an impaired glycolysis induces an ATP deficiency and a reduced cell respiration
Authors: Féron Francois , Caillol Damien , Fourel Laure , Leimkuhler Silke , Iranzo Olga , Gepner Bruno , Capraz Gaelle Guiraudie 
Published: November 2024

Abstract

In two previous studies, based on human olfactory ecto-mesenchymal stem cells (OE-MSC) of 11 patients with autism spectrum disorders (ASD) and 11 healthy individuals, we demonstrated that the lower abundance of the enzyme MOCOS (MOlybdenum COfactor Sulfurase) and its associated lower expression of the long non-coding RNA, COSMOC, induces neurotransmission and synaptic defects as well as an exacerbated oxidative stress sensitivity. To move a step further, we assessed whether these defects were associated to a disturbed mitochondrial homeostasis. For that purpose, we used cellular and molecular techniques to quantitfy mitochondrial metabolism and biogenesis, ATP production and cell respiration in OE-MSCs from the 8 ASD patients of the cohort that display the most severe symptoms. We show here that OE-MSCs from ASD patients, when compared to control individuals, display i) a reduced expression/abundance of glycolysis-associated transcripts and metabolites, ii) an overall reduced ATP, mainly due to the impaired glycolysis, iii) a reduced basal cell respiration and iv) a modified mitochondrial network. These results are in accordance with some of our previously published data and may explain some of the symptoms – stress, overarousal, seizures, increased or decreased muscle tone, fatigue - observed in autism spectrum disorders.
The Mediating Role of Benefit Finding in the Relationship Between Family Care and Self-Management Behaviors in Patients with Chronic Kidney Disease
Authors: Yang Weiwei , Zhou Xuhua , Fu Chengxin , Yuan Huaihong 
Published: November 2024

Abstract

This study aimed to investigate the mediating role of benefit finding on the relationship between family care and self-management behaviors in patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD) to inform improvements in patients' self-management behaviors. This survey was conducted from November 2023 to February 2024 with a cross-sectional design and convenience sampling among patients with chronic kidney disease in a tertiary care hospital in Chengdu City. Participants were prompted to complete a demographic questionnaire, the Family APGAR Index (APGAR), the Benefit Finding Scale (BFS), and the Chronic Disease Self-management Behavior Measuring Scale (CDSMBMS). The analysis of the data was carried out using SPSS 29.0 and AMOS Statistics 28.0. A total of 529 patients were enrolled in this research, with a majority of females (53.1%). The mean total score of CDSMBMS was 19.19 ± 7.54. Family care and benefit finding were significantly positively associated with self-management behaviors (all p < 0.01). In addition, benefit finding fully mediated the association between family care and self-management behaviors (β = 0.258, p = 0.000, 95% CI = 0.184–0.342). Our findings indicate that benefit finding plays a full mediator in the relationship between family care and self-management behaviors among patients with CKD. Thus, healthcare professionals should develop evidence-based interventions in future studies to enhance family care and benefit finding to promote self-management behaviors in people with CKD.
Enhanced Multi-Label Classification of Dental Conditions Using Deep Learning and Attention Mechanisms on Panoramic X-rays
Authors: Raeisi Zahra , Rokhva Shayan , lashaki Reza ahmadi 
Published: November 2024

Abstract

Objective
The aim of this study is to improve the multi-label classification of four dental conditions—fillings, cavities, implants, and impacted teeth—using panoramic dental X-ray images. The goal is to leverage advanced deep learning techniques combined with attention mechanisms to achieve higher diagnostic accuracy.
Methodology
We used a dataset of 1,512 precisely annotated panoramic X-ray images, applying advanced preprocessing techniques like brightness adjustment, contrast enhancement, and masking to optimize image quality. Our approach centered on Convolutional Neural Networks (CNNs), both independently and alongside traditional classifiers such as Support Vector Machines (SVM), Random Forest (RF), and Decision Tree (DT). We further enhanced the CNNs by integrating attention mechanisms and fine-tuning pre-trained models, including VGG16, ResNet50, and Xception. Model performance was thoroughly evaluated using accuracy, precision, recall, F1 score, and Hamming loss metrics.
Results
The results indicate that preprocessing significantly enhances classification performance, with the ROC AUC improving from 0.6753 without preprocessing to 0.7933 with preprocessing. Among the traditional classifiers evaluated, Random Forest (RF) demonstrated the most robust performance, achieving the highest accuracy of 0.4272, a precision of 0.8567, and an F1 score of 0.7431. However, ResNet50 outperformed all other models, including these classifiers, with an accuracy of 0.8862, a ROC AUC of 0.9935, and an F1 score of 0.9634, alongside the lowest Hamming Loss of 0.0342. These findings confirm the effectiveness of combining preprocessing techniques with advanced model architectures for improved diagnostic outcomes.
Conclusion
The integration of deep learning models with traditional machine learning classifiers offers a robust and effective solution for the automatic classification of dental conditions using panoramic X-ray images. The results suggest that these hybrid approaches can be valuable in clinical practice, providing more accurate and reliable diagnostics.
Extremely large magnetoresistance in high quality magnetic Fe2Ge3 single crystals
Authors: Ge Jun-Yi , Chen Yuanqiao , Wu Weibin , He Yaxun , Zhang Jiaying , He Tian , Li Zhe , Xiao Qiling 
Published: November 2024

Abstract

Extremely large magnetoresistance (XMR) is typically observed in topological materials as associated with factors such as high mobility carriers and electron-hole compensation. However, its occurrence in magnetic materials is rather rare due to the stability of the electron spin in magnetic fields. In this study, the synthesis of high-quality single crystals of Fe2Ge3 with the highest residual resistivity ratio (RRR = 4778) has allowed to explore its intrinsic magnetic and electrical transport properties, revealing a narrow-gap semiconductor nature with a remarkably high XMR of 2057% at 1.8 K and 12 T. Moreover, Fe2Ge3 exhibits weak ferromagnetism up to room temperature, which is poised to bridge the gap between magnetism and XMR. These findings not only advance our understanding of Fe2Ge3, but also open new avenues for the development of spintronic devices and other technologies based on magnetic semiconductors.
Transient Epileptic Amnesia Triggered by Eating: A Case of Reflex Temporal Lobe Epilepsy
Authors: Ranpariya Margil , Piekut Thomas , Li Ping 
Published: November 2024

Abstract

Background:
Reflex epilepsies are characterized by seizures triggered by specific stimuli such as light, stress, or eating. Recent research suggests a continuum between reflex and spontaneous seizures. Eating epilepsy, where eating triggers seizures, is a complex condition often seen in individuals with other types of epilepsy. This case report is novel as it describes transient epileptic amnesia (TEA) induced by eating, a previously unreported phenomenon. This report adds to the sparse literature on reflex eating epilepsy and TEA by detailing the patient’s seizure semiology and electroencephalographic findings.
Case Presentation:
A 25-year-old left-handed female with a family history of epilepsy began experiencing seizures in January 2023. Her seizures, mostly triggered by eating, are preceded by a change in taste and an indescribable aura. During seizures, she becomes forgetful and confused, giving inappropriate responses without losing consciousness or showing motor manifestations. The seizures, lasting less than a minute, occur weekly despite treatment with levetiracetam and lamotrigine. Her brain MRI was normal, and a routine EEG showed frequent left temporal sharp waves without ictal events. During an EMU admission, interictal EEG showed frequent sharp waves over the left temporal region. She had four clinical seizures with left temporal onset, all provoked by eating. She experienced parageusia at seizure onset, followed by an inability to name food or objects, but could speak and follow commands, excluding ictal aphasia. Postictally, she recalled all events. All seizures were recorded off antiseizure medications.
Conclusions
This case highlights the novel presentation of TEA induced by eating, expanding the understanding of reflex epilepsies. The detailed seizure semiology and EEG findings contribute to the sparse literature on this condition, emphasizing the need for further research into the mechanisms and management of reflex eating epilepsy and TEA.
Prevalence and Antibiotic Resistance Profile of ESKAPE Pathogens in the Neonatal Intensive Care Unit of the Women and Newborn Hospital in Lusaka, Zambia
Authors: Namukonda Sharon , Shawa Misheck , Siame Amon , Mwansa James , Gina Mulundu 
Published: November 2024

Abstract

Background: The hospital environment serves as a significant reservoir of microorganisms, including multidrug-resistant (MDR) pathogens, which can lead to in-patient contamination and healthcare-associated infections (HAIs). MDR bacteria are predominantly found in Neonatal Intensive Care Unit (NICU) due to the frequent use of invasive medical devices, the variety of medical procedures performed, and the prolonged antibiotic treatments required by critically ill neonates. These factors, along with extended hospital stays, create an environment that fosters the development of MDR infections. Key pathogens involved in NICU-acquired infections such as E. faecium, S. aureus, K. pneumoniae, A. baumannii, P. aeruginosa, and Enterobacter sp., are collectively known as ESKAPE pathogens. They are known for their antibiotic resistance, posing challenges for treatment.
Methods: This was a cross-sectional study conducted from April 2023 to April 2024. The study aimed at investigating the contamination and antibiotic resistance profiles in the NICU at the Women and Newborn Hospital. A total of 344 Samples were collected from different inanimate objects including baby bodies, baby tubes, and mother's hands using sterile moistened swabs. Bacterial isolates were identified using standard microbiological procedures and antimicrobial susceptibility testing was performed using the Kirby-Bauer method.
Results: bacterial contamination rate was (93.9%), with 25.7% of samples containing ESKAPE pathogens. K. pneumoniae was the most prevalent bacteria with the most isolates found on mother’s hands. Antimicrobial susceptibility varied among ESKAPE pathogens with a total of 75 (90%) of the 83 ESKAPE isolates MDR. Gram-negative pathogens were highly susceptible to gentamicin and amikacin but showed significant resistance to
aztreonam, piperacillin tazobactam, and meropenem. Gram-positive pathogens were susceptible to gentamicin, linezolid, vancomycin, and clindamycin, but resistant to penicillin, cefotaxime, and erythromycin.
Conclusion: There was a high bacterial contamination and MDR ESKAPE pathogens in the NICU. Given that most of the isolates were susceptible to gentamicin and amikacin, there should be continued monitoring and judicious use of gentamicin and amikacin to curb antibiotic resistance development.
Enhancing Profitability of Complex Generics: A Comparative Study of Market Dynamics in United States and India
Authors: Sreed Amatha , R Vani Lakshmi , Janodia Manthan D , Ligade Virendra S 
Published: November 2024

Abstract

Complex generics are becoming the more widely manufactured pharmaceutical drug, giving stakeholders opportunities and challenges to grow. A 4Ps analysis (Product, Price, Place, and Promotion) study was conducted quantitatively to know the market share of complex generics in the United States and India. SWOC (Strength, Weakness, Opportunities, and Challenges) analysis is a method of analyzing internal and external strengths to develop strategic planning and management techniques to achieve a good marketing position in case of complex generics. The increased demand for complex generics, driven by their affordability compared to name-brand equivalents is highlighted in the strength section. The regulatory obstacles and complexity of the manufacturing process present significant barriers in the weaknesses segment. The opportunities section looks at ways to grow the industry, such as developing strategic relationships with new technologies like continuous manufacturing procedures and model informed formulation development. Lastly, the challenges faced by complex generic companies. Maintaining bio-equivalency standards and ensuring quality control are major issues affecting customer confidence and industry penetration. This article highlights the dynamic nature of the complex generics market and provides stakeholders with helpful information for making strategic decisions to effectively navigate the complex nature of this particular market sector and achieve long-term growth.
Efficacy and safety of diffusing alpha-emitter radiation therapy (DaRT) for head and neck cancer recurrence after radiotherapy
Authors: Yoshimura Ryo-ichi , Toda Kazuma , Watanabe Hiroshi , Miura Masahiko , Notake Ryoichi , Murakami Naoya , Igaki Hiroshi , Nakamura Satoshi , Umezawa Rei , Kadoya Noriyuki , Jingu Keiichi , Itami Jun 
Published: November 2024

Abstract

Background
To evaluate the efficacy and safety of diffusing alpha-emitter radiation therapy (DaRT) for recurrent head and neck cancer (rHNC) after radiotherapy.
Methods
This study was a multicenter prospective clinical trial. Eligibility criteria included all patients with biopsy-proven rHNC, history of radiotherapy. The efficacy of DaRT was evaluated in terms of tumor shrinkage after 10 weeks of DaRT seed implantation. To assess safety of DaRT, radioactivity levels in blood and urine were measured, and incidence and grade of adverse events (AEs) were evaluated.
Results
Between 2019 and 2021, DaRT was performed in 11 patients and completed in 10 patients with 11 tumors. The tumor sites included the tongue (n = 3), buccal mucosa (2), lips (2), floor of the mouth (1), soft palate (1), nose (1), and subcutaneous layer (1). Nine tumors were confirmed to be squamous cell carcinoma, and the remaining two tumors were basal cell carcinoma and neuroblastoma. Complete response (CR) and partial response (PR) were observed in three and six patients, respectively. The response rate was 81.8%. The maximum average radioactivity levels in blood and urine were 42.5 Bq/cm3 and 8.4 Bq/cm3, respectively, on the second day after implantation. Forty AEs were observed in all 11 patients; they included 22 Grade 1 AEs, 16 Grade 2, and two Grade 3 (hypertension and seed remnants).
Conclusion
The initial response of rHNC after radiotherapy to DaRT was favorable, and the incidence and grade of AEs were acceptable, as compared to existing therapies.
Subclassification of second-degree tears at delivery: creation and reported outcomes
Authors: UUSTAL EVA , Edqvist Malin , Bonnevier Anna , Olsson Ann , Nilsson Marianne , Orrskog Monica , Rotstein Emilia , Tegerstedt Gunilla , Bolin Marie Vikström 
Published: November 2024

Abstract

Background:
Perineal tears at delivery are common. The current WHO classification system compacts all the varying extents of second-degree tears into one code. Some tears lead to long-term injuries. The correct identification and classification of disease is necessary for correct clinical management as well as for research. Regulatory standards govern care practices. This article describes the process of creating and testing new subclassifications for second-degree tears at delivery.
Methods:
The development and implementation of new subclassifications of second-degree perineal tears after delivery in Sweden are described. The new classification was tested for incidence and relevance via the national perineal laceration register (PLR) in 11203 women with prospectively recorded second degree tears.
Results:
Second-degree tears after delivery are subdivided into four subgroups according to the anovaginal distance and the extent in length and depth of the largest perineal/vaginal tear, which can be combined with uni-or bilateral levator ani avulsion. Women with larger second-degree tears were more likely than women with smaller tears to report complications after eight weeks (OR 1.41 CI 1.21–1.64, p < 0.001) and one year (OR 1.27, CI 1.1–1.46, p < 0.001).
Conclusion:
Detailed subclassifications of perineal and vaginal tears are implemented in the Swedish ICD-10 coding system and Swedish national registers. The outcomes after second-degree tears differ according to their extent, which corroborates the classification rationale. These subclassifications can be used in studies of preventive measures, treatment and patient-reported outcomes and experiences taking into account the extent of second-degree perineal tears at delivery.
Trial registration
Data regarding women were prospectively collected from the National perineal laceration register (PLR) from January 1, 2021, to December 31, 2022.
Optimizing Water Resource Management: Integrating MODSIM Simulation with SWOT-QSPM Analysis
Authors: Zeinali Hasti , Jozi Seyed Ali , Malmasi Saeid , Rezaian Sahar 
Published: November 2024

Abstract

The reduction in atmospheric precipitation, along with the growing gap between water resources and consumption, especially in agriculture, has disrupted the water balance of the Urmia Lake watershed. In this study, the MODSIM model was used as a decision-support tool to simulate three scenarios examining the status of water resources and uses in the Urmia Basin (S), a 40% reduction in agricultural uses (S1), domestic wastewater treatment and return of effluent to the water resources of the Urmia Lake watershed (S2), and a 45% increase in drinking and industrial uses due to population growth and a 245% increase in agricultural uses due to agricultural development (S3) until the year 2041. Subsequently, the SWOT and QSPM models were utilized to analyze and prioritize strategies. The findings indicated that the monthly volumes of water inflow and stored in Urmia Lake in scenarios S1, S2, and S3 would respectively be 22.8%, 8.4%, -38%, 14.3%, 5.3%, and − 42.9%. Meanwhile, the average monthly evaporation volumes will respectively be 17.5%, 5.9%, and − 19.8%. Based on these results, scenario S1 is identified as the optimal management strategy. The findings indicated that, based on the IFE score of 2.986 and EFE score of 3.068 in the SWOT matrix, there is a necessity for conservative strategies (WO) to exploit internal opportunities to compensate for weaknesses. In the QSPM model, among the five presented conservative strategies, the most crucial strategy identified was "crop pattern modification and use of high-yield, water-efficient cultivars through demand management programs," with a score of 5.61. The results of this study can be utilized to envisage an appropriate outlook on the future state of the watershed in order to adopt decision-making policies and planning toward the optimal use of water resources.
PAPP-A protein diagnostic and prognostic significance in acute coronary syndromes without persistent ST-T-segment elevation.
Authors: Różycka-Kosmalska Monika , Frankowski Rafał , Pękala-Wojciechowska Anna , Sipowicz Kasper , Pietras Tadeusz , Kosmalski Marcin 
Published: November 2024

Abstract

There are ongoing attempts to find a reliable, highly sensitive and specific early indicator of myocardial ischemia. Recently, a potential new function for the “non-pregnancy” related PAPP-A protein has been reported in many papers, including that the protein could be used in diagnosing heart conditions. Hence, our study aimed to determine the diagnostic and prognostic significance of PAPP-A protein in individuals diagnosed with Non ST-Elevation Acute Coronary Syndromes (NSTE-ACS). The study comprised a 100 consecutive patients (68 males and 32 females), aged from 42 to 83 years (mean age: 64.2 years). We assessed PAPP-A protein levels, anthropometric measurements, basic laboratory tests, ECG recordings, and coronary angiography for each patient. The participants were subsequently divided into two groups: Non ST Elevation Myocardial Infarction (NSTEMI, n = 74) or Unstable Angina (UA, n = 25). The levels of PAPP-A protein in patients with NSTEMI were slightly higher than those in patients with UA, but the difference was not statistically significant (7.93 ± 6.35mIU/l vs. 6.52 ± 5.45mIU/l, p = 0.253). Higher levels of PAPP-A protein (≥ 5.83mIU/l) were found to be linked to a greater risk of NSTEMI (OR = 1.37; 95%CI: 0.56–3.36), although with less accuracy compared to the initial measurement of troponin T (cTnT) in the identification of cases. After 12 months, there was a significant correlation between the amount of labeled PAPP-A protein and the likelihood of experiencing acute myocardial infarction, cardiovascular death, and the necessity for unplanned coronary angiography (UCA). The diagnostic utility of PAPP-A protein in NSTE-ACS is limited, both in the NSTEMI and UA patient groups. However, its measurement can be used to estimate the annual risk for these groups of patients.
Emergence and Characterization of Mixed Candida auris Strain Infections in China
Authors: Du Han , Huang Yanfeng , Guo Penghao , Liang Weihong , Zheng Tianhong , Guan Zhangyue , Bing Jian , Chu Haiqing , Huang Guanghua 
Published: November 2024

Abstract

Purpose The multidrug-resistant fungal pathogen Candida auris poses an increasing global health threat due to its high transmissibility and persistence in healthcare environments. We identified five cases of mixed C. auris-strain infections in China and investigated the genetic and biological diversity of the isolates to explore the potential causes of C. auris infection.
Methods C. auris isolates from 5 infection cases were distinguished by colony morphology and verified by D1/D2-ITS alignment. Phylogenetic and genomic diversity analysis of all isolates were conducted using whole genome sequences. Comparative biological analysis of all isolates, including cellular and colony morphology, antifungal susceptibility, biofilm formation, SAP activity, and both in vitro and in vivo survival capabilities were performed.
Results Five cases of mixed C. auris-strain infections in China were identified. Comparative genomic analysis revealed these infections involved strains from two distinct genetic clades (I and III) or strains from the same clade but with genetic alterations. Comparative biological analysis demonstrated the strains from mixed infections exhibit differences in several key aspects, including colony morphology, biofilm formation, SAP activity, and both in vitro and in vivo survival capabilities.
Conclusion Comparative analyses revealed notable differences in biofilm formation, environmental survival, and secretion of virulence factors between the co-infecting strains of C. auris. These biological and genetic disparities may present significant challenges for the diagnosis and treatment of C. auris infections, as strains with different genetic backgrounds may exhibit varying abilities to colonize host or environmental niches.