bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Genomic selection in multi‐environment plant breeding trials using a factor analytic linear mixed model
Authors: Tolhurst Daniel J. , Mathews Ky L. , Smith Alison B. , Cullis Brian R. 
Published: June 2019

AbstractGenomic selection (GS) is a statistical and breeding methodology designed to improve genetic gain. It has proven to be successful in animal breeding; however, key points of difference have not been fully considered in the transfer of GS from animal to plant breeding. In plant breeding, individuals (varieties) are typically evaluated across a number of locations in multiple years (environments) in formally designed comparative experiments, called multi‐environment trials (METs). The design structure of individual trials can be complex and needs to be modelled appropriately. Another key feature of MET data sets is the presence of variety by environment interaction (VEI), that is the differential response of varieties to a change in environment. In this paper, a single‐step factor analytic linear mixed model is developed for plant breeding MET data sets that incorporates molecular marker data, appropriately accommodates non‐genetic sources of variation within trials and models VEI. A recently developed set of selection tools, which are natural derivatives of factor analytic models, are used to facilitate GS for a motivating data set from an Australian plant breeding company. The power and versatility of these tools is demonstrated for the variety by environment and marker by environment effects.
Science of Salt: A regularly updated systematic review of salt and health outcomes studies (April to October 2018)
Authors: McLean Rachael M. , Petersen Kristina S. , Arcand JoAnne , Malta Daniela , Rae Sarah , Thout Sudhir Raj , Trieu Kathy , Johnson Claire , Campbell Norman R. C. 
Published: June 2019

AbstractThe Science of Salt reviews identify, summarize, and critically appraise published studies on dietary salt and health outcomes according to pre‐specified methods. This review covers the period April 3 to October 30, 2018. Here, nineteen studies that fit pre‐specified criteria for review and summary are included. Three of these, one prospective cohort study, one randomized controlled trial, and a post hoc analysis of the Dietary Approaches to Stop Hypertension (DASH) sodium trial fulfilled the quality criteria for detailed critical appraisal, including risk of bias assessment, and commentary. Two trials demonstrated a positive association between salt intake and blood pressure. In a cohort of older Italians, increased risk of total mortality was observed with salt intake less than ~16 g/d (6300 mg sodium/d) at baseline; no association existed for incident cardiovascular disease (CVD) or CVD mortality. The paucity of published studies which met our criteria for methodological quality is of concern.
2019 European guideline on the management of lymphogranuloma venereum
Authors: de Vries H.J.C. , de Barbeyrac B. , de Vrieze N.H.N. , Viset J.D , White J.A. , Vall‐Mayans M. , Unemo M. 
Published: June 2019

AbstractNew or important issues in this updated version of the 2013 European guideline on the management of lymphogranuloma venereum (LGV):Epidemiology

Lymphogranuloma venereum continues to be endemic among European men who have sex with men (MSM) since 2003.

Lymphogranuloma venereum infections in heterosexuals are extremely rare in Europe, and there is no evidence of transmission of LGV in the European heterosexual population.

Aetiology and transmission

Chlamydia trachomatis serovars/genovars L2b and L2 are the causative strains in the majority of cases in Europe.

Clinical features

Among MSM, about 25% of the anorectal LGV infections are asymptomatic.

Genital infections among MSM are rare; the ratio of genital vs. anorectal LGV infections is 1 in 15.

Diagnosis

To diagnose LGV, a sample tested C. trachomatis positive with a commercial nucleic acid amplification test (NAAT) platform should be confirmed with an LGV discriminatory NAAT.

Treatment

Doxycycline 100 mg twice a day orally for 21 days is the recommended treatment for LGV.

This same treatment is recommended also in asymptomatic patients and contacts of LGV patients. If another regimen is used, a test of cure (TOC) must be performed.
Prophylactic use of antibiotics in endoscopic injection of tissue adhesive for the elective treatment of gastric varices: A randomized controlled study
Authors: Liu Chengfeng , Ma Lili , Wang Jian , Li Feng , Tseng Yujen , Luo Tiancheng , Zeng Xiaoqing , Chen Shiyao 
Published: June 2019

AbstractBackgroundTissue adhesive injection is the first‐line treatment for gastric varices rebleeding. Available studies are focused on antibiotic usage in emergency endoscopy, while the use of antibiotics in selective endoscopic tissue adhesive treatment remains controversial.MethodsThis is a randomized controlled study conducted in a tertiary referral hospital. Consecutive patients were enrolled from February 16, 2016, to November 19, 2016, and blindly randomized into two treatment groups. Patients in the prophylactic group received 2 g of cefotiam during endoscopic injection of tissue adhesive. All the subjects were observed for rebleeding, fever, and changes in laboratory indicators in hospital and post‐discharge.ResultOne hundred and seven patients who received endoscopic therapy for gastroesophageal varices were included. Fifty‐three patients were allocated to the antibiotic prophylactic group and 54 patients to the on‐demand group. The two groups had similar baseline characteristics. The incidence of fever in hospital was 2/53 (3.8%) vs 9/54 (16.7%) (P = 0.028). Perioperative and postoperative clinical events were significantly lower in the antibiotic prophylactic group (5.7% vs 24.1%, P = 0.018; 7.5% vs 20.4%, P = 0.050). Inflammation indices were elevated on the first day after endoscopic therapy; however, no significant difference was observed between the two groups. The cumulative rebleeding free rate within 2 months was lower in the antibiotic prophylactic group (1.9% vs 9.3%, P = 0.100).ConclusionOur study illustrated that prophylactic use of antibiotics in selective endoscopic injection of tissue adhesive reduced the incidence of the total clinical events in perioperative period and had a trend towards lower rebleeding in 2 months.
Coordination of light, circadian clock with temperature: The potential mechanisms regulating chilling tolerance in rice
Authors: Lu Xuedan , Zhou Yan , Fan Fan , Peng JunHua , Zhang Jian 
Published: June 2019

AbstractRice (Oryza sativa L.) is a major staple food crop for over half of the world's population. As a crop species originated from the subtropics, rice production is hampered by chilling stress. The genetic mechanisms of rice responses to chilling stress have attracted much attention, focusing on chilling‐related gene mining and functional analyses. Plants have evolved sophisticated regulatory systems to respond to chilling stress in coordination with light signaling pathway and internal circadian clock. However, in rice, information about light‐signaling pathways and circadian clock regulation and their roles in chilling tolerance remains elusive. Further investigation into the regulatory network of chilling tolerance in rice is needed, as knowledge of the interaction between temperature, light, and circadian clock dynamics is limited. Here, based on phenotypic analysis of transgenic and mutant rice lines, we delineate the relevant genes with important regulatory roles in chilling tolerance. In addition, we discuss the potential coordination mechanism among temperature, light, and circadian clock in regulating chilling response and tolerance of rice, and provide perspectives for the ongoing chilling signaling network research in rice.
The Quiet Progress of the New Eugenics. Ending the Lives of Persons With Intellectual and Developmental Disabilities for Reasons of Presumed Poor Quality of Life
Authors: Reinders Johannes , Stainton Tim , Parmenter Trevor R. 
Published: June 2019

AbstractThis paper considers recent developments in terminating human life affected by intellectual and developmental disability. It brings these developments together under the heading of a progressing eugenics. It argues that the acts under discussion are eugenic with regard to their moral justification, even if not in their intention. Terminating human life in contemporary society is aiming at the alleviation of suffering, not the enhancement of the human gene pool. Three distinct cases are traced in the literature: ending the lives of severely disabled prematurely born infants, terminating pregnancies after positive outcomes of genetic screening and testing, and ending the lives of persons with IDD by means of euthanasia. It is shown from the literature that in each of these cases the justifying reason is the prospective judgment of a ‘poor’ quality of life, which ties these acts to the justification of terminating human life within the history of eugenics. The pervasive judgment of poor quality of life is criticized as ignoring alternative views, most of all the views of persons and families directly implicated who do not consider living with IDD identical with a life full of suffering.
Editorial
Authors: Faragher Rhonda , Taggart Laurence 
Published: June 2019

AbstractThis special issue is a contribution to stimulate discussion and debate in the community of scholars in the field of intellectual and developmental disability around the ethical issues of ending the lives of people with intellectual disabilities. It features a stimulus paper and then a series of invited commentaries. An initial, large monograph was shared with a group of scholars, scientists, and researchers in the global community who were invited to provide commentary. The monograph is available on the webpage of the International Association for the Scientific Study of Intellectual and Developmental Disability's Ethics Special Interest Research Group. An abridged version of the monograph is published as the first article in this special issue. In keeping with the process followed by journals such as Lancet and journals of The Royal Society, this paper has not been peer‐reviewed in a blind process. The review is in the commentaries that follow. A range of opinions and perspectives indicate the complexity of this important topic and the critical value of debate and discussion.
Research in the Field of Down Syndrome: Impact, Continuing Need, and Possible Risks from the New Eugenics
Authors: Faragher Rhonda 
Published: June 2019

AbstractResearch in the field of Down syndrome is under threat. There are two issues behind this threat: first availability of research funding could be limited by the perception that Down syndrome has become a rare condition. The second is that some believe the important work on Down syndrome is complete. In this commentary, the implications of the “new eugenics” on Down syndrome research are discussed, through reflecting on the impact of research arising from the 40 year Down Syndrome Research Program at The University of Queensland and other studies. This body of research has led to remarkable improvements in the quality of life of individuals with Down syndrome and those around them. The current context, particularly in the time of widespread availability of prenatal screening, gives a renewed imperative for research to improve the broader understanding of disability in the community enabling informed decisions at critical points in time. There are at least two potential benefits for continuing research on Down syndrome: for the individual and family; and for society in general. When a baby with Down syndrome is conceived, what might have been viewed as a tragedy may be seen very differently by those with lived experience. Understanding that lived experience and sharing the findings is the work of researchers in the field of Down syndrome, and there is much more work to be done.
Linking reliance on deep soil water to resource economy strategies and abundance among coexisting understorey shrub species in subtropical pine plantations
Authors: Jiang Peipei , Wang Huimin , Meinzer Frederick C. , Kou Liang , Dai Xiaoqin , Fu Xiaoli 
Published: June 2019

SummaryStrategies for deep soil water acquisition (WAdeep) are critical to a species’ adaptation to drought. However, it is unknown howWAdeepdetermines the abundance and resource economy strategies of understorey shrub species.With data from 13 understorey shrub species in subtropical coniferous plantations, we investigated associations between the magnitude ofWAdeep, the seasonal plasticity ofWAdeep, midday leaf water potential (Ψmd), species abundance and resource economic traits across organs.Higher capacity forWAdeepwas associated with higher intrinsic water use efficiency, but was not necessary for maintaining higher Ψmdin the dry season nor was it an ubiquitous trait possessed by the most common shrub species. Species with higher seasonal plasticity ofWAdeephad lower wood density, indicating that fast species had higher plasticity in deep soil resource acquisition. However, the magnitude and plasticity ofWAdeepwere not related to shallow fine root economy traits, suggesting independent dimensions of soil resource acquisition between deep and shallow soil.Our results provide new insights into the mechanisms through which the magnitude and plasticity ofWAdeepinteract with shallow soil and aboveground resource acquisition traits to integrate the whole‐plant economic spectrum and, thus, community assembly processes.
Determinants of change in accelerometer‐assessed sedentary behaviour in children 0 to 6 years of age: A systematic review
Authors: Azevedo Liane B. , van Sluijs Esther M.F. , Moore Helen J. , Hesketh Kathryn 
Published: June 2019

SummarySedentary behaviour tracks from early to middle childhood, suggesting the need to intervene early. The aim of this systematic review was to identify determinants of change in accelerometer‐assessed sedentary behaviour in young children, with a view to informing interventions. Ten electronic databases were searched. Longitudinal and intervention studies were included if they (a) targeted sedentary behaviour in young children (less than of equal to 6 years), (b) assessed change in accelerometer‐assessed sedentary behaviour, and (c) reported on at least one determinant of change in sedentary behaviour. Intervention components were coded according to clusters of behaviour change technique (BCT) (ie, grouping similar BCTs components). Data synthesis was guided by the socioecological model. Sixteen studies (four longitudinal; 12 intervention) met the inclusion criteria. Two (out of five identified determinants) were associated with an increase in sedentary behaviour in longitudinal studies: the after childcare/school period and transition from childcare to school. Three (out of 21 identified determinants) were associated with a decrease in sedentary behaviour in intervention studies: “goals and planning” (ie, “behavioural contract”), “repetition and substitution” (ie, “graded tasks”), and “reward and treat” (ie, “incentives”). The environmental and interpersonal determinants identified in this review may help to inform behavioural strategies, timing, and settings for future interventions.
Interactions between cardiac activity and conscious somatosensory perception
Authors: Motyka Paweł , Grund Martin , Forschack Norman , Al Esra , Villringer Arno , Gaebler Michael 
Published: June 2019

AbstractFluctuations in the heart's activity can modulate the access of external stimuli to consciousness. The link between perceptual awareness and cardiac signals has been investigated mainly in the visual and auditory domain. Here, we investigated whether the phase of the cardiac cycle and the prestimulus heart rate influence conscious somatosensory perception. We also tested how conscious detection of somatosensory stimuli affects the heart rate. Electrocardiograms (ECG) of 33 healthy volunteers were recorded while applying near‐threshold electrical pulses at a fixed intensity to the left index finger. Conscious detection was not uniformly distributed across the cardiac cycle but significantly higher in diastole than in systole. We found no evidence that the heart rate before a stimulus influenced its detection, but hits (correctly detected somatosensory stimuli) led to a more pronounced cardiac deceleration than misses. Our findings demonstrate interactions between cardiac activity and conscious somatosensory perception, which highlights the importance of internal bodily states for sensory processing beyond the auditory and visual domain.
Uplift‐driven diversification revealed by the historical biogeography of the cockroachCryptocercusScudder (Blattodea: Cryptocercidae) in eastern Asia
Authors: Che Yanli , Bai Qikun , Deng Wenbo , Liao Shuran , He Jiajun , Ho Simon Y. W. , Wang Zongqing 
Published: June 2019

AbstractCryptocercusScudder is a genus of wingless cockroaches, which spend their lives feeding within rotting wood in old‐growth montane forests. Their dispersal capability is likely to be limited because they depend on the succession of temperate forests, but their distribution exhibits intercontinental disjunctions. Although the natural history and conservation biology of the North American species of the genus have received much attention, the evolution of the eastern Asian lineages remains enigmatic. To resolve the geographic patterns and evolutionary history ofCryptocercusin eastern Asia, we analysed genetic data of species from China (27 species), Korea (one species) and the Russian Far East (one species). We performed phylogenetic analyses of seven genes to infer the evolutionary relationships among species of AsianCryptocercus. We then used Bayesian molecular dating to estimate the evolutionary timescale of the genus. Ancestral geographic distributions were reconstructed inraspusing statistical dispersal‐vicariance analysis and statistical dispersal‐extinction‐cladogenesis. Our maximum‐likelihood and Bayesian phylogenetic trees supported four major lineages ofCryptocercus, revealing a clear geographical pattern. The divergence of American and Asian lineages was inferred to have occurred 74.8 Ma (95% credibility interval: 51.1–103.8 Ma), with the diversification of Asian taxa beginning at 30.7 Ma (95% credibility interval: 22.9–40.3 Ma). The most recent common ancestor of AsianCryptocercustaxa was inferred to have had a broad distribution in Asia. The uplift of the Qinghai‐Tibet Plateau in the Palaeogene and Neogene, along with climatic oscillations in the Quaternary, probably had substantial effects on the formation of the disjunction pattern in theCryptocercuslineages found in the Hengduan Mountains and Qin‐Daba Mountains of China. We propose that the distribution ofCryptocercushas been strongly influenced by habitat fragmentation and subsequent allopatric speciation.
From reading to thinking: Student lines of thought in a seminar on Christianity and colonialism
Authors: Hovland Ingie 
Published: June 2019

AbstractThis article describes a seminar I taught on Christianity and colonialism. I wanted to introduce students to some content while also allowing them to practice some of the expert skills that we use in religious studies, and more specifically in my own sub‐discipline, the anthropology of religion. In particular, I wanted to make more visible some of our practices of critical reading, and how these can feed into practices of complex thinking. However, given the differences between undergraduate and expert practices, what does “critical reading” and “complex thinking” look like in the undergraduate religion classroom? The article presents student readings and lines of thought through the semester, and describes how these undergraduates began to approach complex thinking on the topic of Christianity and colonialism.
Infectivity and stability of hepatitis C virus in different perfusion solutions
Authors: Helfritz Fabian A. , Wanders Verena , Bojkova Denisa , Kuklinski Nina , Westhaus Sandra , Swoboda Sandra , Minor Thomas , Meuleman Philip , Paul Andreas , Steinmann Eike , Ciesek Sandra 
Published: June 2019

AbstractBackgroundOwing to organ shortage, transplantation of organs from HCV (hepatitis C virus) viremic donors into HCV negative individuals is getting more and more accepted. However, transmission of HCV to the host is nearly universal. Until now it is unknown if preservation solutions (PS) might alter infectivity and stability of HCV in the transplant setting. Therefore, seven different preservation solutions (PS) with variable composition were tested in vitro for their direct anti‐ and proviral effects on HCV.MethodsIn vitro grown HCV based on the JFH‐1 isolate was used to characterize the effect of seven different PS on the HCV replication cycle including HCV attachment, entry, replication, and assembly. In addition, HCV stability in PS was tested.ResultsOverall, 6/7 PS enhanced HCV infectivity: IGL‐1 increased HCV attachment and entry, UW Belzer and Perfadex boosted HCV entry. Production of novel viral particles was enhanced in HTK, UW Belzer, and IGL‐1. In contrast, viral replication was significantly reduced in HTK solution while all other PS had no effect on HCV RNA replication. HCV was significantly more stable in HTK solution. Euro Collins was the only PS that did not support HCV infectivity in cell culture. None of the used PS showed cytotoxic effects.ConclusionOur data indicate that HCV infectivity and stability is maintained by several PS.
Monitoring and Visualization of Solar PV Thermal Flow via Interpolation Techniques
Authors: Hafiz Feras A. , Go Y.I. , Tan Rodney H.G. , Alkaff Saqaff A. , Tan T.H. , Yap T.C. 
Published: June 2019

Temperature is one of the major factors that affect the efficient of solar panels and temperature profiles on solar panel are required to optimise the performance of solar PV. A method to construct and visualise the thermal profiles of solar panel with minimum temperature measurement is proposed in this work. Based on nine measured temperature, three different interpolation techniques are used to predict the temperature at 25 points and 81 points. The predicted temperature is then compared with measured temperature from thermal gun. MATLAB is used to reconstruct the thermal image in two different resolution, 17x17 and 33x33. Bilinear interpolation technique and resolution of 33x33 gives the best results and can be applied in industry to predict temperature profile on solar panel with minimum measurement.
Reviewer Acknowledgements
Authors: Young James 
Published: June 2019

International Journal of Social Science Studies (IJSSS) would like to acknowledge the following reviewers for their assistance with peer review of manuscripts for this issue. Many authors, regardless of whether IJSSS publishes their work, appreciate the helpful feedback provided by the reviewers. Their comments and suggestions were of great help to the authors in improving the quality of their papers. Each of the reviewers listed below returned at least one review for this issue.Reviewers for Volume 7, Number 4 Abdul Azim Akhtar, Independent Academic & Researcher, Delhi, IndiaAntónio Calha, Polytechnic Institute of Portalegre, PortugalAurora Pestaño, University of San Jose Recoletos (USJR), PhilippinesJesster Pasule Eduardo, Nueva Ecija University of Science and Technology, PhilippinesJulia M. Mack, Gannon University, USAK.O. Aramide, The Polytechnic Ibadan, NigeriaLaura Diaconu Maxim, "Alexandru Ioan Cuza University" of Iasi, RomaniaMei-Ling Lin, National Open University, TaiwanMohamed Mehdi Jelassi, IHEC Carthage, TunisiaSudershan Pasupuleti, The University of Texas, USA James YoungEditorial AssistantOn behalf of,The Editorial Board of International Journal of Social Science StudiesRedfame Publishing9450 SW Gemini Dr. #99416Beaverton, OR 97008, USAURL: http://ijsss.redfame.com