bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Study on electron beam cross‐linked ethylene‐tetrafluoroethylene copolymer‐insulated cables for aerospace applications: Mechanical performance, crystallization kinetics, and fluoride precipitation
Authors: Min Jun , Tao Zhaozeng , Song Xupeng , Zhang Jin , Wang Zenghui , Ji Yanlei , Zhai Guofu , Ye Xuerong 
Published: March 2018

The cross‐linking effects of cross‐linked ethylene‐tetrafluoroethylene copolymer (XETFE)‐insulated cables at different electron beam radiation doses were analyzed in this paper. Evaluation of the mechanical performance of the cables revealed that the highest tensile and breaking elongation was achieved at a radiation dose of 8 × 104 Gy and that XETFE had a good resistance to extreme electron beam irradiation. This is attributed to the cross‐linking effects induced by electron beam irradiation, and this takes full advantage of the strength of molecular chain crosslink to each other. The crystallization kinetics of XETFE at different electron beam radiation doses were studied in detail in terms of the non‐isothermal and isothermal crystallization processes. The results indicated that the crystallinity of the XETFE domain increased with an increase in the radiation dose as a result of heterogeneous nucleation. Moreover, the highest ΔEa was obtained, indicating that XETFE absorbed some energy at a radiation dose of 8 × 104 Gy. These kinetic parameters had help in carrying out a comprehensive evaluation of the performance of XETFE‐insulated cables for aerospace applications. Moreover, the fluoride precipitation observed in this study indicated that upon electron beam irradiation, XETFE could internally produce hydrogen fluoride, which is corrosive to metals. Thus, optimizing the radiation dose was necessary to achieve the desired performance. We could believe that the improvement for properties of electron beam XETFE insulation cables would expand their range of applications in the aerospace field.
Investigations on anticorrosive, thermal, and mechanical properties of conducting polyurethanes with tetraaniline pendent groups
Authors: Arukula Ravi , Thota Apparao , Boga Karteek , Narayan Ramanuj , Rao Chepuri R.K. 
Published: March 2018

This article describes the synthesis of conducting hybrid polyurethanes from novel tetraaniline‐diol as Gly‐TAni (glycidol with TAni). A new diol Gly‐TAni has been synthesized in a simple process using tetraaniline (TAni) and glycidol via SN2 reaction in a single‐step process. The asymmetric diol (Gly‐TAni) and polyols (PTMEG and TMP) were reacted with isophorone diisocyanate at OH:NCO ratio of 1:1.2 to obtain ―NCO terminated hybrid conducting polyurethanes. These were subjected for curing under atmospheric moisture to obtain conducting polyurethane‐urea coatings. The conducting coatings showed considerable enhancement in thermal and mechanical stabilities. All these conducting coatings films showed excellent corrosion resistance (on mild steel electrode) with an increase in the percentage of Gly‐TANi (5 to 15 wt%). The films of these hybrid polyurethanes containing pendent tetraanilines showed good surface conductivity in the range of 3.69 × 10−4 to 2.21 × 10−3 S/cm. The electrochemical investigation showed 2 single electron oxidation and 2 single reductions reversibly, centred around tetraaniline segments present in the polymer.
Phosphorylation control of the ubiquitin ligase Cbl is conserved in choanoflagellates
Authors: Amacher Jeanine F. , Hobbs Helen T. , Cantor Aaron C. , Shah Lochan , Rivero Marco‐Jose , Mulchand Sarah A. , Kuriyan John 
Published: March 2018

AbstractCbl proteins are E3 ubiquitin ligases specialized for the regulation of tyrosine kinases by ubiquitylation. Human Cbl proteins are activated by tyrosine phosphorylation, thus setting up a feedback loop whereby the activation of tyrosine kinases triggers their own degradation. Cbl proteins are targeted to their substrates by a phosphotyrosine‐binding SH2 domain. Choanoflagellates, unicellular eukaryotes that are closely related to metazoans, also contain Cbl. The tyrosine kinase complement of choanoflagellates is distinct from that of metazoans, and it is unclear if choanoflagellate Cbl is regulated similarly to metazoan Cbl. Here, we performed structure‐function studies on Cbl from the choanoflagellate species Salpingoeca rosetta and found that it undergoes phosphorylation‐dependent activation. We show that S. rosetta Cbl can be phosphorylated by S. rosetta Src kinase, and that it can ubiquitylate S. rosetta Src. We also compared the substrate selectivity of human and S. rosetta Cbl by measuring ubiquitylation of Src constructs in which Cbl‐recruitment sites are placed in different contexts with respect to the kinase domain. Our results indicate that for both human and S. rosetta Cbl, ubiquitylation depends on proximity and accessibility, rather than being targeted toward specific lysine residues. Our results point to an ancient interplay between phosphotyrosine and ubiquitin signaling in the metazoan lineage.
Optimization of sample preparation for intact cell mass spectrometry (matrix‐assisted laser desorption/ionization linear time‐of‐flight mass spectrometry) of endophytic Xylaria
Authors: da Silva Amaral Luciana , Rodrigues‐Filho Edson , Kubicek Christian P. , Herwig Christoph , Marchetti‐Deschmann Martina , Allmaier Günter 
Published: March 2018

RationaleAlthough the fruiting‐body of the fungi of the genus Xylaria shows a great variety of morphological characteristics, their mycelial forms are always very similar, imposing difficulties for their identification. Intact cell mass spectrometry (ICMS) using matrix‐assisted laser desorption/ionization time‐of‐flight mass spectrometry (MALDI‐TOFMS) can be a fast and reliable strategy to support the differentiation/identification of Xylaria species in those cases where fruit‐bodies are not available.MethodsMany experimental parameters such as sample preparation and culture media are crucial for filamentous fungi analysis by MALDI‐TOFMS. For the purposes of this study, we used four matrices (CHCA, DHB, FA and SA) with five different concentrations (0.1, 0.3, 0.5, 1.0 and 2.5%) of TFA in the matrix, the influence of six different culture media (solid and liquid), and three mycelium peptide/protein extraction protocols (acid, basic and thymol‐supported solution) to optimize the sample preparation of the endophytic fungus X. arbuscula.ResultsIt was observed that sinapinic acid (30 mg/mL) dissolved in acetonitrile/0.1% TFA and PDA were the best matrix solution and culture medium, respectively, for the ICMS of X. arbuscula. The formic acid and ammonium bicarbonate (AB) protocols provided similar mass spectra; however, a higher number of peaks were observed using AB extraction. Mass spectra obtained from different thymol‐containing solutions (EtOH/aqueous 0.1% TFA and ACN/aqueous 0.1% TFA) show increasing peak abundances at m/z 3000–6500.ConclusionsX. arbuscula could be analyzed by ICMS. However, an extraction step was required to provide suitable MALDI mass spectra. Formic acid‐, AB‐ and thymol‐containing solutions were demonstrated to be good cocktails for the extraction of peptide/protein biomarkers from these fungi.
Robot‐assisted duodenum‐preserving pancreatic head resection with pancreaticogastrostomy for benign or premalignant pancreatic head lesions: a single‐centre experience
Authors: Jiang Yu , Jin Jia‐Bin , Zhan Qian , Deng Xia‐Xing , Peng Cheng‐Hong , Shen Bai‐Yong 
Published: March 2018

AbstractBackgroundThe purpose of this study was to compare short‐ and long‐term outcomes of modified robot‐assisted duodenum‐preserving pancreatic head resection (RA‐DPPHR) versus robot‐assisted pancreaticoduodenectomy (RA‐PD).MethodsMatched for age, sex, ASA classification, tumour size, history of abdominal surgery and pathological type, 34 patients undergoing RA‐DPPHR and 34 patients undergoing RA‐PD between January 2010 and December 2016 were retrospectively analyzed.ResultsThe RA‐DPPHR group had shorter surgical time (188.2 vs. 386.3 min, p < 0.001) and less blood loss (168.2 vs. 386.3 ml, p = 0.026) but higher complication rate (47.1% vs. 32.4%, p = 0.105) and pancreatic fistula rate (32.4% vs. 17.6%, p = 0.161). Hospital mortality was 2.9%. Exocrine insufficiency was lower in the RA‐DPPHR group (3.0% vs. 24.2%, p = 0.027). Endocrine insufficiency was observed in one RA‐DPPHR patient and 5 RA‐PD patients (p = 0.197).ConclusionsModified RA‐DPPHR benefits in terms of better conservation of exocrine and endocrine pancreatic functions at the expense of a significant morbidity and non‐zero mortality.
Cell-Based and Exosome Therapy in Diabetic Stroke
Authors: Venkat Poornima , Chopp Michael , Chen Jieli 
Published: March 2018

Summary
Stroke is a global health concern and it is imperative that therapeutic strategies with wide treatment time frames be developed to improve neurological outcome in patients. Patients with diabetes mellitus who suffer a stroke have worse neurological outcomes and long-term functional recovery than nondiabetic stroke patients. Diabetes induced vascular damage and enhanced inflammatory milieu likely contributes to worse post stroke outcomes. Diabetic stroke patients have an aggravated pathological cascade, and treatments that benefit nondiabetic stroke patients do not necessarily translate to diabetic stroke patients. Therefore, there is a critical need to develop therapeutics for stroke specifically in the diabetic population. Stem cell based therapy for stroke is an emerging treatment option with wide therapeutic time window. Cell-based therapies for stroke promote endogenous central nervous system repair and neurorestorative mechanisms such as angiogenesis, neurogenesis, vascular remodeling, white matter remodeling, and also modulate inflammatory and immune responses at the local and systemic level. Emerging evidence suggests that exosomes and their cargo microRNA mediate cell therapy derived neurorestorative effects. Exosomes are small vesicles containing protein and RNA characteristic of its parent cell. Exosomes are transported by biological fluids and facilitate communication between neighboring and remote cells. MicroRNAs, a class of naturally occurring, small noncoding RNA sequences, contained within exosomes can regulate recipient cell's signaling pathways and alter protein expression either acting alone or in concert with other microRNAs. In this perspective article, we summarize current knowledge and highlight the promising future of cell based and exosome therapy for stroke and specifically for diabetic stroke.
Preparation and electrochemical properties of graphene‐supported Si‐TiO2 nanospheres as anode material for Li‐ion batteries
Authors: Wang Qiufen , Bi Wenyan , Miao Juan , Lu Mengwei , Zhang Dafeng , Chen Yumei , Yang Hong 
Published: March 2018

Graphene‐supported Si‐TiO2 (Si‐Ti‐GE) composites have been synthesized by a simple polymerization and sintering method. In the Si‐Ti‐GE composites, many small Si‐TiO2 particles are scattered on the graphene sheet, which can mitigate the agglomeration of the material and further reduce the particle size. The initial discharge capacities of Si‐TiO2, Si‐Ti‐GE‐1, Si‐Ti‐GE‐2, and Si‐Ti‐GE‐3 are 336.9, 337.2, 339.8, and 356.6 mAh g−1 at the current density of 200 mA g−1, respectively. The discharge rate capacities of TiO2, Si‐TiO2, and Si‐Ti‐GE‐3 composites retain 57.5%, 41.7%, and 82.1% at the current density from 100 to 400 mA g−1, respectively. Therefore, the introduction of graphene not only could facilitate the Li+ diffusion and electron transport but also could make better electrical conductivity.
Reduction and covalent modification of graphene‐oxide by nitrogen in glow discharge plasma
Authors: Mohai M. , László K. , Bertóti I. 
Published: March 2018

In this work, we performed plasma treatment of thin layers of graphene oxide samples in various nitrogen containing gases (mainly NH3 and N2). Experiments were performed in the preparation chamber of the X‐ray photoelectron spectrometer, allowing “in situ” characterization of the treated surface. Introduction of nitrogen into the top surface was intensified by applying negative voltage on the sample between 0 and 300 V accelerating the positive plasma ions towards the sample.Significant amount of nitrogen (≈10 atomic %) was built into the top atomic layers of the graphene oxide samples at application of the 2 types of plasma gases for 10‐minute reaction time. When comparing the NH3 and N2 plasma treatments, more complete reduction and closely similar amount of nitrogen was found at applying NH3 plasma.When increasing the bias, the N‐content increased, together with decrease of the O content. The high‐resolution C1s, O1s, and N1s spectra are broad, representing different chemical states. The peak envelopes of the O1s and N1s lines could be decomposed essentially to 3, while the C1s spectrum to 5 different, well‐separated peaks, being identical for all samples.The component peaks were assigned to specific chemical bonding states (N1s: 398.3 eV sp2 pyridine N, 399.7 eV sp2 pyrrole, diazine or triazine N, 401.0 eV N in graphite plane; O1s: 530.8 eV carbonyl, 532.2 eV ether, epoxy, alcohol, ester C═O, 533.6 eV ester C―O―C, carboxyl OH). The relative amounts of C―O and C―N bonding states changed significantly with advancement of the treatment performed at increasing biases.
A Terminally Capped Synthetic, Acyclic Tripeptide Forms Dimer in the Solid, Liquid and Gaseous States
Authors: Samui Satyabrata , Chakraborty Arpita , Biswas Soumi , Singh Gajendra , Mondal Swastik , Ghosh Semanti , Bagchi Angshuman , Ampapathi Ravi S. , Naskar Jishu 
Published: March 2018

AbstractBoc‐Ala‐Leu‐Tyr‐OMe (Boc: tert‐butyloxycarbonyl, Me: methyl), an acyclic, terminally capped tripeptide forms dimer in the solid, liquid and gaseous states. In the solid state, the dimer structure has been confirmed by single crystal X‐ray diffraction study. From the analysis of diffraction data, it is revealed that two independent peptide molecules, in the antiparallel β‐sheet arrangement, are present in the asymmetric unit and are stabilized by three intermolecular hydrogen bonds. In the liquid phase, the structure has been established from nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy. The Δδ/ΔT values obtained from temperature dependent NMR studies are in good agreement with the antiparallel dimer structure in solution. Further, the rotating frame overhauser effect spectroscopic (ROESY) study also supports the antiparallel staking of the peptide in solution. The existence of dimer in the gas phase has been proved by electrospray ionisation mass spectrometric (ESI‐MS) study. The m/z values of the ESI‐MS spectrum support the formation of dimer at the gaseous condition. Molecular mechanics simulation study also corroborates the results. This is the first report of the robust peptide‐dimer that exists in all the three physical states and facilitates the understanding of intermolecular β‐sheet interactions in various complex biological systems.
Sonogashira Reaction: Synthesis of Novel Derivatives of 3‐Aryl‐Substituted 6‐Chloroimidazo[2, 1‐a]phthalazines Catalyzed by Pd‐Cu in Water
Authors: Bakherad Mohammad , Karami Saeed , Keivanloo Ali 
Published: March 2018

AbstractThe reaction of 1‐chloro‐4‐propargylaminophthalazine with various aryl halides catalyzed by Pd−Cu in the presence of potassium carbonate, as the base, in water leads to the one‐pot formation of new derivatives of 3‐aryl‐substituted‐6‐chloroimidazo‐[2, 1‐a]phthalazines in moderate‐to‐good yields. Their structures are confirmed by IR and NMR spectra as well as elemental analyses. All the compounds prepared are screened in vitro for their anti‐bacterial activities. The preliminary results indicate that some target compounds exhibit promising anti‐bacterial potency.
A Cytocompatible Zinc Oxide Nanocomposite Loaded with an Amphiphilic Arsenal for Alleviation of Staphylococcus Biofilm
Authors: Chauhan Preeti , Dey Poulomi , Mukherjee Sandipan , Manna Utsab , Das Gopal , Ramesh Aiyagari 
Published: March 2018

AbstractThe high prevalence and innate resistance of S. aureus biofilm towards antibiotics underscores a critical need for antibiofilm therapeutics. In this regard, membrane‐targeting bactericidal synthetic amphiphiles emerge as attractive candidates for anti‐staphylococcal therapy. In order to harness the potential of bactericidal amphiphiles for mitigation of Staphylococcus biofilm, an efficient delivery system needs to be developed, which is biocompatible and supports efficient loading and delivery of the antibiofilm cargo. In line with this rationale, the present investigation is an endeavor towards the generation of a bactericidal amphiphile‐loaded iron‐doped zinc oxide nanocomposite (C1‐FeZNP2) that exhibited superior cytocompatibility, facilitated sustained release of the payload and displayed antagonistic activity against S. aureus biofilm. Interestingly, the antibiofilm potential of the nanocomposite in combination with vancomycin against a clinical strain of methicillin‐resistant S. aureus (MRSA) could also be captured in the present study.
Cu‐WOx‐TiO2 Catalysts by Modified Evaporation‐Induced Self‐Assembly Method for Glycerol Hydrogenolysis to 1, 3‐Propanediol
Authors: Li Dong , Zhou Zhiwei , Qin Juan , Li Yang , Liu Zhirui , Wu Wenliang 
Published: March 2018

AbstractA series of Cu‐WOx‐TiO2 catalysts for heterogeneous catalysis with different molar ratios of copper and tungsten species loadings were prepared by modified evaporation‐induced self‐assembly method. Their physical and chemical properties were characterized by X‐ray diffraction, liquid N2 sorption, Py‐IR, Raman, inductive coupled plasma, X‐ray photoelectron spectroscopy, scanning electron microscope‐energy dispersive X‐ray spectroscopy and transmission electron microscope techniques, and their catalytic performances were investigated in the hydrogenolysis of glycerol. The mesoporous framework for Cu‐WOx‐TiO2 materials can be kept well when the molar ratio of tungsten species is lower than 6%. Although the tungsten species loading is the same, the 2Cu‐6WOx‐ TiO2 sample has distinctly more Brønsted acid sites than the 2Cu‐6WOx/TiO2‐I sample prepared by impregnation method, which is owing to homogeneous tetrahedrally WOx species dispersion resulting in the formation of W5+ species. The 2Cu‐6WOx‐TiO2 sample has a higher catalytic performance than other samples, and the glycerol conversion of 12.7%, 1, 3‐Propanediol selectivity of 32.3% and the ratio of 1, 3‐Propanediol to 1, 2‐Propanediol of 1.17 can be obtained. The 2Cu‐6WOx‐TiO2 sample shows good catalytic reusability, whose glycerol conversion 12.1% and 1, 3‐PDO selectivity 30.8% can be reached even though after repeated reaction for 5 times.
Environmental and socioeconomic impacts of cobblestone quarries in Addis Ababa and implication for resource use efficiency, environmental quality, and sustainability of land after‐use
Authors: Worku Hailu 
Published: March 2018

AbstractThe extraction of construction material in Addis Ababa has been a source of public conflict for many years, especially in terms of quarry operation, displacement of people, rehabilitation of quarry sites, and land after‐use. One of the main reasons for the conflict has been the extraction sector's inability to adjust to the existing laws. This paper reports the findings of a study undertaken to assess the environmental and socioeconomic impacts of quarry mining in Addis Ababa, Ethiopia, and it prescribes interventions that can assist in mitigating the negative impacts of mining. Marked operational, environmental, and socioeconomic impacts have occurred as a result of cobblestone quarrying in Addis Ababa. Improvements in the mitigation of these impacts can be achieved if quarrying operations are planned prior to commencement; resource‐efficient and sustainable mining techniques are employed; stakeholder participation is enhanced; the government provides institutional, organizational, and technical support to the operators; regulations are improved and regulatory implementations receive strict follow‐up; and the provision of the Ethiopian constitution's regarding “rights to development” is respected.
On the question of managing sustainable development of industrial enterprises in a Russian region
Authors: Rokotyanskaya Violetta V. 
Published: March 2018

AbstractThis paper presents the theoretical foundations for the sustainable development of a Russian region's industrial system. For this study, we made an assessment of the production activities of the Rostov region's light‐manufacturing enterprises. The light‐industrial sector of the Rostov region's economy has been characterized, and the level of sustainable development of the region's enterprises has been calculated. The algorithm of development strategy was developed based on the rational use of natural resources. We have worked out several innovative proposals and calculated the cost‐effectiveness of their implementation in the region's light‐manufacturing enterprises. The economic and mathematical decision‐making model is based on the analytic hierarchy process, and the optimization calculation results that we obtained are presented in the article.
Estimation of effect of sugarcane bagasse biochar amendment in landfill soil cover on geotechnical properties and landfill gas emission
Authors: Sudhakar Ayshwarya , Remya Neelancherry , Varghese George K 
Published: March 2018

AbstractIn a sanitary landfill, the final cover plays an important role in reducing the landfill gas emission to the atmosphere and in preventing the ingress of rainwater into the dumped waste. The present study investigated the suitability of sugarcane bagasse biochar as an amendment to the cover soil to improve the required landfill liner properties. The amended cover soil sugarcane bagasse (SSB) was tested for its stability and effectiveness, in terms of both geotechnical properties and methane mitigation efficiency. The effects of amending 15%, 20%, and 25% of sugarcane bagasse biochar (passing through 300 micron Indian Standard sieve) on the geotechnical properties of the SSB indicated that the SSB with 25% biochar showed the required values as per the standard with maximum dry density of 1.57 grams per cubic centimeter (g/cm3), liquid limit, plasticity index, and percentage of fines 48.5%, 16.3%, and 74.7%, respectively, and permeability of 0.9 × 10−7. A column study that was conducted to determine the methane emission from the cover soil showed a 65.8% reduction in the methane emission compared to that of a column without SSB cover, with a cumulative methane emission of 410 milliliters (mL) at the end of 200 hours (h). On the other hand, the volume of methane emitted after 310 h from the column without cover and with the SSB cover was 1850 mL and 692 mL, respectively. The difference between these two values is found to be 22% of the total methane that the cover would have handled in its lifetime (5267 mL). Thus, there is an increase in the percentage of methane adsorption by soil cover from 15% to 22% when the soil was amended with 25% sugarcane bagasse biochar.