bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Digital health intervention for children with ADHD to improve mental health intervention, patient experiences, and outcomes: a study protocol
Authors: Herrera Nancy , Cibrian Franceli L. , Silva Lucas M. , Beltran Jesus Armando , Schuck Sabrina E. B. , Hayes Gillian R. , Lakes Kimberley D. 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
Background
Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) is the most prevalent childhood psychiatric condition with profound public health, personal, and family consequences. ADHD requires comprehensive treatment; however, lack of communication and integration across multiple points of care is a substantial barrier to progress. Given the chronic and pervasive challenges associated with ADHD, innovative approaches are crucial. We developed the digital health intervention (DHI)—CoolTaCo [Cool Technology Assisting Co-regulation] to address these critical barriers. CoolTaCo uses Patient-Centered Digital Healthcare Technologies (PC-DHT) to promote co-regulation (child/parent), capture patient data, support efficient healthcare delivery, enhance patient engagement, and facilitate shared decision-making, thereby improving access to timely and targeted mental health intervention for children at significant risk for poor outcomes. The present paper will describe our planned protocol to evaluate the efficacy of CoolTaCo via randomized control trial (RCT).

Methods/design
We will recruit 60 children (ages 8–12) with ADHD who will be randomized to either immediate (n = 30) or delayed (n = 30) treatment (i.e., a waitlist control group). Among those randomized to immediate treatment, half will be assigned to DHI (delivered via a smartwatch and smartphone application), the other half to an active control treatment as usual (TAU). Unlike the DHI group, the TAU group will receive the smartwatch with no assigned activities, applications, or interventions on the devices. The intervention period will last 16 weeks; after a participant has been in the delayed treatment group for 16 weeks and has completed the post-waiting period assessment, they will be randomly assigned to either the intervention or active control group. Thus, 30 participants will complete the intervention, and 30 will complete the active control, with half of the total sample completing a waitlist period.

Discussion
Individuals with ADHD have complex needs. Despite improvement in outcomes following cognitive behavioral therapies (CBT) and pharmaceutical treatment, long-term maintenance is a challenge often not addressed by traditional medical approaches, and, as we described, ineffective approaches to information sharing across points of care create further barriers to progress. Our research will fill a significant gap in translating early treatment investments and gains into long-term, sustainable outcomes.
This study was registered as a clinic trial at ClinicalTrials.gov (Digital Health Intervention for Children With ADHD, ID# NCT06456372) on 06/13/2024.
A 4-year-old Boy Positive for Anti-rabphilin-3A Antibody and Diagnosed With Lymphocytic Infundibuloneurohypophysitis
Authors: Yamamoto Akiko , Komatsu Nagisa , Iwata Naoko , Fujisawa Haruki , Suzuki Atsushi , Sugimura Yoshihisa 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
Lymphocytic infundibuloneurohypophysitis (LINH) is a disease with an etiology involving an autoimmune mechanism, characterized by lymphocytic inflammation of the posterior pituitary and infundibular stalk, resulting in arginine vasopressin deficiency. It is difficult to distinguish from pituitary neoplasm or infiltrative diseases, and biopsy is necessary for a definitive diagnosis, but this is highly invasive. In children, it is especially important to distinguish LINH from tumors such as germ cell tumors. Recently, the usefulness of anti-rabphilin-3A antibody as a serum marker for LINH has been reported. To date, only a limited number of pediatric cases have been reported. We present a 4-year-old boy with arginine vasopressin deficiency. Magnetic resonance imaging of the head showed thickening of the pituitary stalk without a posterior pituitary bright spot, and anti-rabphilin-3A antibody was positive. Consequently, pituitary biopsy was not performed because of the strong suspicion of LINH. Five months after symptom onset, the pituitary stalk thickening had resolved. This case represents the first report of probable or definitive LINH with anti-rabphilin-3A antibody positivity in a 4-year-old child, making it the youngest positive case reported to date. Our case highlights the importance of noninvasive approaches and careful follow-up to avoid invasive interventions for children with LINH.
Football and Its Politicisation in Darjeeling
Authors: Sundas Binu 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
Football in India and Darjeeling, like in many parts of the world, was introduced during the colonial period. Darjeeling was “gifted” to the British by the king of Sikkim in 1835 to build a sanatorium. A military recruiting depot was also soon established. Along with the military came missionary schools. These two elements of the British social system facilitated the gradual growth of football in the region. Many tournaments were played and football soon became part of the social landscape. The Herlihy Cup which started in the year 1917, the same year, the Hillmen’s Association submitted a refined version of the 1907 memorandum, demanding a “separate administrative unit” comprising the present-day Darjeeling and Kalimpong districts along with the Dooars areas, was the only tournament of that period to be played till today.
Until the 1980s, when violent agitation for the creation of Gorkhaland took place, football and the state enjoyed a cordial client-patron relationship. The agitation and the subsequent signing of a tripartite agreement between the Government of India, the Government of West Bengal, and the Gorkha National Liberation Front for the creation of the semi-autonomous Darjeeling Gorkha Hill Council in 1988 changed the political landscape of Darjeeling. Football began to be used as a tool for asserting identity, leading to the old structure's breakdown. The tripartite agreement did not completely suppress the aspirations for creating Gorkhaland. In 2017 another round of agitation started. The agitation failed due to the betrayal of two leaders and the indiscriminate use of repressive apparatus by the state. To proclaim normalcy, football tournaments were initiated when fear and unfreedom were the norm and hegemony of power, domination and repression were the reality. This article is based on the methods of auto-ethnography and reflexivity and will try to highlight and analyze the relationship between football and politics in Darjeeling after the 1980s.
Digital-twin-based active input refinement for insertion loss estimation and QoT optimization in C and C + L networks
Authors: Yang Xin , Sun Chenyu , Charlet Gabriel , Tornatore Massimo , Pointurier Yvan 
Published: November 2024

Quality of transmission (QoT) prediction is a fundamental function in optical networks. It is typically embedded within a digital twin and used for operational tasks, including service establishment, service rerouting, and (per-channel or per-amplifier) power management to optimize the working point of services and hence to maximize their capacity. Inaccuracy in QoT prediction results in additional, unwanted design margins. A key contributor to QoT inaccuracy is the uncertain knowledge of fiber insertion loss, e.g., the attenuation due to connector losses at the beginning or at the end of each fiber span, as such loss cannot be directly monitored. Indeed, insertion losses drive the choice of the launch power in fiber spans, which in turn drive key physical effects, including the Kerr and stimulated Raman scattering (SRS) effects, which affect services’ QoT. It is thus important to estimate (and detect possibly anomalous) fiber insertion losses at each span. We thereby propose a novel active input refinement (AIR) technique using active probing to estimate insertion losses in C and C + L systems. Here, active probing consists of adjusting amplifier gains span by span to slightly alter SRS. The amount of adjustment must be sufficient to be measurable (such that insertion losses can be inferred from the measures) but small enough to have a negligible impact on running services in a live network. The method is validated by simulations on a European network with 30 optical multiplex sections (OMSs) in C and C + L configurations and by lab experiments on a C-band network, demonstrating that AIR significantly improves insertion loss estimation, network QoT optimization, and QoT prediction compared with other state-of-the-art monitoring techniques. This work underscores the critical role of accurate estimation of QoT inputs in enhancing optical network performance.
On-chip microresonator dispersion engineering via segmented sidewall modulation
Authors: Kheyri Masoud , Zhang Shuangyou , Bi Toby , Pal Arghadeep , Zhang Hao , Zhang Yaojing , Alabbadi Abdullah , Yan Haochen , Ghosh Alekhya , Hill Lewis , Bianucci Pablo , Butzen Eduard , Gannott Florentina , Gumann Alexander , Harder Irina , Ohletz Olga , Del’Haye Pascal 
Published: November 2024

Microresonator dispersion plays a crucial role in shaping the nonlinear dynamics of microcavity solitons. Here, we introduce and validate a method for dispersion engineering through modulating a portion of the inner edge of ring waveguides. We demonstrate that such partial modulation has a broadband effect on the dispersion profile, whereas modulation on the entire resonator’s inner circumference leads to mode splitting primarily affecting one optical mode. The impact of spatial modulation amplitude, period, and number of modulations on the mode splitting profile is also investigated. Through the integration of four modulated sections with different modulation amplitudes and periods, we achieve mode splitting across more than 50 modes over a spectral range exceeding 100 nm in silicon nitride resonators. These results highlight both the simplicity and efficacy of our method in achieving flatter dispersion profiles.
Snake phobia among the general population of Tamil Nadu, India
Authors: Salim Anika , Chandrasekharuni Gnaneswar , Almeida José R. , Vaiyapuri Rajendran , Williams Harry F. , Arumugam Sundhararajan , Senthilkumaran Subramanian , Patel Ketan , Williams Timothy , Norbert Zsidó András , Vaiyapuri Sakthivel 
Published: November 2024

Background
A specific phobia is an anxiety disorder that is characterised by persistent and excessive fear in the presence of the object of the phobia. Animal phobias are the most prevalent forms of specific phobia among humans. Fear of snakes (snake phobia) is present in non-human primates which suggests its evolutionary origins as the ability to detect the threat of snakes was critical for survival. Snake phobia is a critical factor in protecting snakes and mitigating snakebite burden. To date, only one standardised psychometric test [the Snake Questionnaire (SNAQ) developed in 1974] has been used to quantify snake phobia although this was not performed in snakebite-endemic countries. In this study, we aimed to determine snake phobia in India, where snakebites and resulting deaths, disabilities and socioeconomic impacts are high.

Methodology/Principal findings
A modified version of the SNAQ (i.e. SNAQ12), which has previously demonstrated internal consistency, excellent reliability, and good discrimination between phobics and non-phobics in Europe was used in this study. SNAQ12 was developed both in English and Tamil and validated by testing on several individuals. Then, the final questionnaire was disseminated to members of the public through various methods including social media and in person through academic and clinical organisations. We received a total of 2032 responses, comprising 1086 [53.4%] males and 946 [46.6%] females, and these data were analysed to determine various aspects of snake phobia in the study population.

Conclusions/Significance
The results demonstrated good internal consistency in using SNAQ12 to determine the phobia amongst the tested population. The data suggests that males are more snake-phobic in all age groups than females in India, in contrast to previous research that suggested that females are usually more snake-phobic. No other critical factors contribute to snake phobia in this study population. The use of the SNAQ12 allowed us to easily discriminate between individuals with phobia and non-clinical controls. This tool can be used as part of the One Health approach to better understand the relationships between snake phobia and snakebites and their impact on the mental health and well-being of vulnerable populations.
Antidepressant prescribing inequalities in people with comorbid depression and type 2 diabetes: A UK primary care electronic health record study
Authors: Ng Yutung , Hayes Joseph F. , Jeffery Annie 
Published: November 2024

Aims
To compare the likelihood of being prescribed an antidepressant in depressed individuals with and without type 2 diabetes.

Methods
We performed a matched cohort study using primary care record data from the UK Clinical Practice Research Datalink. We used multivariable logistic regression to compare antidepressant prescribing during the first five years of starting oral antidiabetic medication to a comparison group without type 2 diabetes, matched based on GP practice, age and sex. We performed subgroup analyses stratified by sex, age and ethnicity.

Results
People with type 2 diabetes and depression were 75% less likely to be prescribed an antidepressant compared to people with depression alone (odds ratio (OR) 0.25, 95% confidence interval (CI) 0.25 to 0.26). This difference was greater in males (OR 0.23, 95% CI, 0.22 to 0.24), people older than 56 years (OR 0.23, 95% CI, 0.22 to 0.24), or from a minoritised ethnic background (Asian OR 0.14, 95% CI 0.12–0.14; Black OR 0.12, 95% CI 0.09–0.14).

Conclusions
There may be inequalities in access to antidepressant treatment for people with type 2 diabetes, particularly those who are male, older or from minoritised ethnic backgrounds.
Incidence, risk factors for metabolic syndrome and health systems capacity for its management amongst people living with HIV, Accra-Ghana: A study protocol
Authors: Odikro Magdalene Akos , Torpey Kwasi , Lartey Margaret , Puplampu Peter , Painstil Elijah , Kenu Ernest 
Published: November 2024

Background
Metabolic syndrome (MetS) refers to the clustering of three or more metabolic disorders including high blood pressure, glucose impairment, abdominal obesity, high triglycerides, and low high-density lipoproteins. MetS is increasingly being considered an epidemic among People Living With HIV (PLWH) with reports of association between HIV infection and/or antiretroviral therapy (ART) usage and development of MetS. MetS predisposes PLWH to the development of cardiovascular, kidney diseases and diabetes, decreases the quality of life, and burdens the health system. This study aims to establish the incidence, time to development and risk factors for development of MetS and it’s components, and to assess the capacity of the health system to manage MetS and it’s components among ART naive PLWH in Accra, Ghana.

Methods
We will conduct a mixed methods study with quantitative and qualitative data collection. Our prospective cohort study would enroll adults of 18 years and above with none or less than three MetS components at baseline and follow them up at six months and one year. Demographic, lifestyle data, anthropometric, and laboratory data will be collected using an adapted WHO Steps Survey questionnaire. The WHO Service Availability and Readiness Questionnaire (SARA) will be adapted to collect information on capacity across the six WHO building blocks. Key informant interviews will be conducted with HIV coordinators at the national, regional, and facility levels. In-depth interviews will be conducted with PLWH from the cohort who develop MetS or MetS components during their follow-up. Data will be analysed using proportions, Kaplan Mier time to event analysis, fitting of Cox proportional hazard regression models for risk factors, and generation of themes from qualitative data.

Expected outcome
This study will generate data on the incidence, time to development, risk factors for MetS and MetS components development, and health systems capacity for MetS management among PLWH. Findings would inform revisions to the guidelines and policies for HIV care in Ghana, Africa, and beyond, ultimately improving MetS prevention and management among the vulnerable population of PLWH.
Testimony, Lying and Calumny at the Interface of Islamic Law and Arabic Poetry
Authors: Szombathy Zoltan 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
The significance of the concept of ‘testimony’ permeates Islamic jurisprudence and it is invoked in Arabic literary texts as well. Truthfulness and lying (kaḏib) were a preoccupation of many Arabic literary critics and authors in assessing literary works, while the notion of ‘testimony’ could be used figuratively in poetic texts. On the other hand, Islamic law emphasises the crucial role of trustworthy testimony in legal proceedings and has developed a sophisticated system of ascertaining the integrity of witnesses. Within this context Muslim jurists sometimes explicitly discuss poets and poetry, not surprisingly in view of the fact that the Quran characterises poets as mendacious, and some ḥadīṯs also denounce poetry. Certain literary genres in particular (especially hiğāʾ and ġazal) could be interpreted by jurists as cases of calumny that substantiate legal charges of false testimony (qaḏf). Offering a copious source of intertextual references at the interface of law and literature, legal discussions of the problem of potential qaḏf in poetry are the focus of this paper and can help clarify the peculiar ways in which premodern Muslim jurists would view and assess literary texts.
General Remarks on Plagiarism and Authorship in Islamic Religious Texts and the Case of The Special Qualities of Friday by Zayn al-Dīn al-ʿĀmilī (d. 965/1558)
Authors: Stewart Devin J. 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
In medieval and pre-modern Arabic and Islamic letters there was a distinct divide between the issue of plagiarism in poetry, which was widely and thoroughly discussed in literary criticism and became the topic of standard chapters and focused treatises, and general plagiarism, which involved the appropriation of entire books and treatises in various disciplines. The latter phenomenon, though well-known and mentioned sporadically in scholarly discourse, was not the focus of a tradition of theoretical discussion. This essay discusses unacknowledged citation in Arabic and Islamic letters generally and then examines one example in detail, the treatise Ḫaṣāʾiṣ yawm al-ǧumʿa “The Special Qualities of Friday”, which the Shiite scholar Zayn al-Dīn al-ʿĀmilī (d. 965/1558) based closely on Nūr al-lumʿa fī ḫaṣāʾiṣ yawm al-ǧumʿa “The Gleaming Light, on the Special Qualities of Friday”, by the famous Sunni polymath Ǧalāl al-Dīn al-Suyūṭī (d. 911/1505). Comparison of the two treatises reveals some of the typical methods scholars adopted in producing such works through the appropriation of earlier texts and at the same time shows how a Sunni work was modified for presentation to a Shiite audience.
Improving quality of electricity generated by grid-tied inverters in solar power plants in low generated power mode using frequency adaptive PWM
Authors: Plakhtii Oleksandr , Nerubatskyi Volodymyr , Ivakhno Volodymyr , Zamaruiev Volodymyr 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
The article presents the results of a study of the dependence of the quality indicators of electricity generated by solar power plants in three-phase electrical networks on the level of generated power. In the course of the study, it was established that when the generated power is reduced, the grid voltage inverters that are part of the solar power plants cause an increase in the share of higher harmonic currents to the electric grid. An analysis of international standards regarding the quality requirements of the generated current was performed, which showed that when the level of generated power decreases, the quality of electric energy decreases and may not meet the requirements of the standard. The algorithm of frequency-adaptive pulse-width modulation is proposed, which allows to improve the quality indicators of the electricity generated by the grid inverter of the voltage of the solar power plant to the electrical grid.
Jetzt hab ich voll die Panik: Prototype effects of NP-external intensifiers in German
Authors: Politt Katja , Willich Alexander 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
This paper explores two types of degree modifiers in German, namely total and voll. While most degree modifiers are usually placed inside an NP, total and voll frequently appear in a position outside of an NP, giving them the function of intensifiers rather than pure modifiers. Hence, they become NP-external intensifiers. Previous studies have suggested that these NP-external intensifiers either take an adjective inside the subsequent NP in their scope, or, if there is none, the NP head. Based on corpus data from the deCow16B, we suggest an alternative interpretation where the scope of the intensifier always ranges over the subsequent NP as a whole, irrespective of it containing an adjective or not. We suggest that this can be described based on prototype effects and underdetermination, whether there is an adjective present or not. The NP denotes an exemplar of a (prototypical) category: the category membership is understood as scalar and the NP is intensified on this implicit scale.
Metaphorical meaning dynamics: Identifying patterns in the metaphorical evolution of English words using mathematical modeling techniques
Authors: Hull Peter , Teich Marie 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
Conceptual metaphor theory has been criticized due to its emphasis on concepts instead of words and its top-down direction of analysis. In response to these criticisms, this paper employs a new strategy, utilizing established mathematical modeling methods to allow a systematic, quantitative analysis of the entire dataset produced by the Mapping Metaphor project at the University of Glasgow. This dataset consists of 9609 words performing 18916 metaphorical mappings between 414 domains. The data is represented as a network consisting of 414 nodes, the domains, connected by shared words. Words are represented by groups of directed mappings between all domains in which they occur. This is made possible by the use of a directed hypergraph representation, a tool commonly used in discrete mathematics and various areas of computer science but not previously applied to the metaphorical meanings of words. Examining the dataset as a whole, rather than focusing on individual words or metaphors, allows global patterns of behavior to emerge from the data without pre-filtering or selection by the authors. Outcomes of the analysis relating to the distributions of source and target domains within the network, the growth mechanisms at work in the spread of metaphorical meanings and how these relate to existing concepts in CMT are discussed.