bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Textile pattern reconstruction and innovation using artificial neural network
Authors: Tao Chen , Duan Yafeng , Hong Xinghua 
Published: February 2019

Purpose
The purpose of this paper is to advance a digital technology that is intended to bring about innovations on the existing textile patterns.

Design/methodology/approach
The pattern is deemed as a relation function between colors and positions which can be learnt by the artificial neural network (ANN). The outputs of the ANN are used for the reconstruction of the pattern and the innovation is performed by interceptors in the input/output layer. The ANN is carried out with one input layer, one output layer and several hidden layers, and the capacity of the architecture is adjusted by the scale of hidden layers to accommodate different function relations of the patterns. The training is conducted repeatedly on a sample set extracted from the pixels of the pattern image to minimize the error, and the chromatic outputs of the architecture are replaced to their origins so as to rebuild the pattern. Then, the interceptors are installed into the input and output layers to modulate the positions and the colors, and consequently the innovations are achieved on the geometric formation and color distribution of the pattern.

Findings
It has turned out that the precision of reconstruction is concerned with network scale, training epochs and color mode of the sample set. Four primary innovative effects including stripes, twisters, sandification and overprints have been qualified in terms of interceptors.

Originality/value
This study introduces ANN into textile pattern generation and provides a novel way to perform digital innovation of textile patterns.
Conference report: innovation, interaction … and a lot of data: first time reflections on Internet Librarian International, UK 2018
Authors: Harper Ray 
Published: February 2019

Purpose
The purpose of this paper is to summarise a number of presentations at Day 1 of the Internet Librarian International conference, London, UK (16 October 2018). This was the 20th conference in the series, and the three key themes included were the next-gen library and librarian; understanding users, usage and user experience; and inclusion and inspiration: libraries making a difference.

Design/methodology/approach
This paper reports from the viewpoint of a first-time attendee of the conference. This summarises the main issues raised by each presentation and draws out the key learning points for practical situations.

Findings
The conference covered a variety of practical ways in which libraries can use technology to support users and make decisions about services. These include developing interactive physical spaces which include augmented reality; introducing “chat-bots” to support users; using new techniques to analyse data; and piloting new ways to engage users (such as coding clubs). A key theme was how we use and harness data in a way that is ethical, effective and relevant to library services.

Originality/value
This conference focussed on practical examples of how library and information services across sectors and countries are innovating in a period of huge change. The conference gave delegates numerous useful ideas and examples of best practice and demonstrated the strength of the profession in adapting to new technologies and developments.
Relationship between human resource management practices, ethical climates and organizational performance, the missing link
Authors: Sabiu Malam Salihu , Ringim Kabiru Jinjiri , Mei Tang Swee , Joarder Mohd Hasanur Raihan 
Published: February 2019

PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to investigate the influence of human resource management (HRM) practices, (recruitment and selection) and organizational performance (OP) through mediation role of ethical climates (ECs) in Nigerian educational agencies.Design/methodology/approachQuantitative data were collected from 181 educational agencies represented by director of administration; SmartPLS-SEM was used in testing the relationship, as well as testing the mediating effect of ECs.FindingsThe results revealed strong support for the mediating role of ECs on the relationship between HRM practice (recruitment and selection) and OP.Research limitations/implicationsPolicy makers and executives in educational agencies need to consider making appropriate decision in terms of effectively adopt and implement performance-based HRM practices that can encourage and create ethical behavior of employees’ and within organization. Through the adoption and utilization of these practices, educational agencies can enhance OP.Practical implicationsThis study contributes to the understanding of the relationship between HRM and OP by clarifying a pathway between these variables. This study also generalizes consistent findings on the HRM practices and OP relationship to a different discipline and context, i.e. educational agencies.Originality/valueThis study adds to the domain of resource-based view by incorporating EC as a mediator between HRM practices and OP.
Cognitive influences shaping grade decision-making
Authors: Pownall Ian , Kennedy Victoria 
Published: February 2019

Purpose
The purpose of this study is to explore the influences that shape the intention of a grading decision at the point at which it is made. This can be particularly important when those influences may vary during the marking process making reflective analyses also difficult to explore.

Design/methodology/approach
The authors draw upon a small sample of assessed scripts from two UK higher educational institutions and undertake a factor analysis of potentially important influences that shape the grading decision at the cognitive point it is made.

Findings
The authors’ findings indicate that for the sample analysed, the marker’s most important influences were those associated with the normative view of marking, although they also suggest potential influences from when the script was graded and the fatigue of the marker concerned.

Research limitations/implications
The work is confined to management students and limited by the sample size. A factor analysis reveals the cluster of influences that contribute to observed grade outcomes but provides less clarity upon relative inter-dependencies between those factors. There are additional constraints in that the constructed data collection tool was self-administered.

Practical implications
The data collection instrument (VBA Excel workbook) is, the authors believe, quite innovative in capturing immediate cognitive reflections. It could be developed for other decision-making research. The authors also believe there are staff developmental outcomes from the work, to sustain and enhance assurance in the grading process.

Originality/value
As far as the authors can determine, research that has explored the influences shaping grading and mark allocation tends to be reflective or undertaken after the event. The authors’ research data are constructed at the same time as the grade/mark is determined.
Un[bracketed]: phenomenological polyethnography
Authors: Olt Phillip Allen , Teman Eric D. 
Published: February 2019

Purpose
Due to the limitations to the purpose and practice of both phenomenological and duoethnographic research methodologies, the purpose of this paper is to propose phenomenological polyethnography as a hybrid qualitative methodology, which would guide skilled researchers in conducting phenomenological exploration of an emergent experience as insiders.

Design/methodology/approach
This study is an applied a hybridization approach to phenomenology and duoethnography as two distinct qualitative research traditions.

Findings
Employing a poststructuralist perspective, researcher-participants with relevant difference co-investigate a phenomenological question together. Borrowing elements from both hermeneutic phenomenology and duoethnography, this methodology involves the consideration of a phenomenon, the use of authors with relevant difference who have both special insight into that phenomenon as participants and skill as qualitative researchers, the intentional collection of prereflective data while all researcher-participants are experiencing the phenomenon or immediately after, the subsequent reflection upon and interpretation of the phenomenon as it was similarly and differently experienced by the researcher-participants, and the description of both the essence and meaning of the phenomenon.

Research limitations/implications
This new, hybrid qualitative methodology will enable researchers to more efficiently analyze and disseminate the research of insider knowledge on emergent phenomena in higher education and other settings.

Originality/value
As a new methodology, it may be used to investigate events and provide rich, thick description in a way not before seen.
Wood-based support material for extrusion-based digital construction
Authors: Kaufhold Julia , Kohl Johannes , Nerella Venkatesh Naidu , Schroefl Christof , Wenderdel Christoph , Blankenstein Paul , Mechtcherine Viktor 
Published: February 2019

Purpose
Extrusion-based digital construction (DC) approaches make it feasible to overcome constraints of conventional construction, namely, high formwork costs, long total construction times, low productivity and geometrical inflexibility. However, to date, no satisfactory solutions for extruding strongly inclined and horizontal elements are available. A wood-starch-composite has been systematically developed as a sustainable support material (SM) for extrusion-based DC.

Design/methodology/approach
Material and process-specific requirements were identified for this purpose, and a feasible process chain was developed. A parametric study was conducted to determine the influence of SM composition on its extrusion feasibility and compressive strength. Various compositions with two starch types and two wood particle shapes were tested. New, specific testing methods were developed. Selected compositions were tested using a 3D-printing device to verify extrudability and form stability.

Findings
Relationships between material compositions of SM and its rheological and mechanical properties were identified. All mixtures showed sufficient compressive strength in respect of the loading conditions analysed. However, their flow properties varied significantly. A mixture of native maize starch and wood floor was identified as the best variant (compressive strength 2.3 MPa).

Research limitations/implications
Comprehensive investigations of possible process chains, as well as full-scale demonstration and optimisation of the process parameters, were not in the scope of this paper. Such investigations are intended in further studies.

Practical implications
The general applicability of wood-based SM for DC with cement-based construction materials was proved.

Originality/value
The findings offer a novel and promising solution for 3D-printing of non-vertical concrete elements. Experimental setup and material compositions are detailed to ensure reproducibility.
Mandated social disclosure
Authors: Sankara Jomo , Patten Dennis M. , Lindberg Deborah L. 
Published: February 2019

PurposeThis paper investigates the market response to the poor quality of reporting on the first mandated set of conflict minerals disclosures in the US setting. The authors examine the reaction for both filing firms at their filing date and non-filing companies at the filing deadline.Design/methodology/approachThe authors use standard market model methods to capture investor response and test for differences across reactions using comparisons of means and regression models. The authors also code reports for a sub-sample of firms and test for the relation between disclosure and market reactions.FindingsThe authors document a significant negative reaction for both filing and non-filing firms, with the latter group suffering a more negative reaction than the filers. The authors also find more extensive disclosure is associated with less negative market reactions. Finally, the authors provide evidence supporting the argument that the more pronounced reaction for the non-filers is due to concerns with incremental implementation costs for these firms.Research limitations/implicationsThe results extend prior research into investor perceptions of exposures to social and political costs. The findings suggest that investors view both poor quality disclosure and lack of response to mandated requirements as increasing such exposures.Practical implicationsThe negative market response could be expected to exert additional pressures on companies to better assess and report on conflict mineral exposures in their supply chains.Social implicationsThe findings suggest investors pay attention to the corporate response to mandated social disclosure requirements, an important finding as mandates for similar types of disclosure appear to be in the offing.Originality/valueThis study is the first to extend the social and political cost exposure literature to analysis of mandated social disclosures.
Detective Casey and the April 2010 shooting
Authors: Jones-Carmack Joy 
Published: February 2019

Theoretical basis
Several theories emerge in a reading of this case; however, the primary or overarching focus of the case is the role of communication and how ineffective or non-existent communication during training, coordination and follow-up of a critical incident can impact officers, departments and communities. Furthermore, this case provides valuable insights for civilian businesses on the importance of formal and informal communication.

Research methodology
The case was based upon extensive interviews with a police officer involved in a shooting. In addition to extensive semi-structured interviews, research for the case also included review of psychological evaluations of the officer involved, journalism pieces and blogs written about the shooting under study, and reports from the Attorney General’s investigation of this shooting.

Case overview/synopsis
Detective Keith Casey, an undercover Narcotics Officer for 12 years, had trained and served as a member and point person for the Emergency Response Team (i.e. Special Weapons and Tactics (SWAT) team) for seven years. On April 25, 2010, Casey was working on an electronic surveillance (i.e. a wiretap) out of the FBI office when he received the call about a barricaded suspect in Hammonton, New Jersey. The barricaded suspect had pulled a gun on an EMT in Deptford New Jersey and threatened to kill himself and others. At approximately, 4:10 a.m. because he was perceived to be a danger to himself and others, the SWAT team was sent into the home where the suspect was barricaded. After ignoring repeated commands to drop his weapon, the barricaded suspect was struck down by cases moments after the SWAT team entered the home. Preparation and training on intervention and team management has become increasingly more important for police departments around the world. In recent years, a great deal of attention has been placed on officer bias; however, little attention has been placed on officers who pull the trigger and the events that follow. This case offers a first-hand account of how communication, between all players, before, during and after an officer involved shooting impacts all phases of the critical incident.

Complexity academic level
This case is targeted to undergraduate and graduate students in organizational communication, but may include public relations, introduction to management, strategic management and organizational behavior, especially if the course includes a discussion of communication and crisis management.
Realignment Postponed? Political Continuity and Change in the North Eastern Suburbs
Authors: Skelton David 
Published: February 2019

AbstractFor decades, the politics of the North East and its suburbs have been frozen. Ever since the decline of the Tories in the region in the 1980s, it has served as a ‘solid North’ for Labour, but recent evidence suggests that this might well be changing. North Eastern suburbs have suffered because of the emphasis that has been placed on regenerating city centres, and the suburbs in the region haven't been immune to the economic dislocation that emerged from deindustrialisation in the 1970s and 1980s. They have also been impacted by the banking crash and, in particular, the collapse of Northern Rock. They have also seen growing political disengagement and a diminution of affection with the Labour party. All these factors contributed to many suburbs in the North East supporting Brexit in 2016. Talk of a realignment at the 2017 election was over‐egged, however, as the Conservatives failed to understand some of the key drivers of voting behaviour in the region. All evidence suggests that the North East is entering a period of more competitive politics and political parties that show greater ambition for the region and its economy will be in a strong position to take advantage of this.
Truth and Fake News about Caporetto: Explaining the Disaster in Italy and in Britain
Authors: THOMPSON MARK 
Published: February 2019

AbstractA lightning victory by combined Austro‐German forces in October 1917 threatened to knock Italy out of the war. This was the Twelfth Battle of the Isonzo, often called ‘Caporetto’. General Luigi Cadorna, the chief of general staff, branded army units as cowards and blamed them for the disaster. His accusation met with dismay at home and sympathy mixed with disdain abroad. Investigation quickly gave the lie to Cadorna, yet the stain persisted. In Britain, the prime minister and the head of the armed forces disagreed about the causes of Caporetto, as did also the historian G. M. Trevelyan and the future politician Hugh Dalton. Analysis of the dissemination, reception and legacy of Cadorna's message in Italy and Britain reveals something about military‐political relations, class attitudes, media systems and national prejudice.
Getting on and Moving Up the Property Ladder: Real Hedging in the U.S. Housing Market Before and After the Crisis
Authors: Damianov Damian S. , Escobari Diego 
Published: February 2019

AbstractReal hedging is the practice of getting onto the property ladder in order to trade up to a larger home in the future. We define the value of the real hedge of home ownership as the difference between the risk premiums of renting and owning and explore how this value depends on local housing price dynamics and household characteristics. Controlling for the potential endogeneity of housing bubble bursts across different U.S metropolitan areas, we find a significantly higher correlation in the appreciation rates across the Standard & Poor's Case–Shiller tiered house price indices in the period after the housing crisis. We conclude that real hedging has become more attractive in the period after the crisis, particularly in markets exhibiting momentum and high volatility in returns.
RZooRoH: An R package to characterize individual genomic autozygosity and identify homozygous‐by‐descent segments
Authors: Bertrand Amandine R. , Kadri Naveen K. , Flori Laurence , Gautier Mathieu , Druet Tom 
Published: February 2019

Abstract

Identifying homozygous‐by‐descent (HBD) regions in individual genomes is highly valuable to infer the recent history of populations and to provide insights into trait architecture.

Here, we present the RZooRoH R‐package that implements an efficient and accurate model‐based approach to identify HBD segments. The underlying hidden Markov model partitions the genome‐wide individual autozygosity into different age‐related HBD classes while accounting for genotyping errors and genetic map information.

The RZooRoH package is user‐friendly and versatile, accepting either genotyping or sequencing (including low‐coverage) data in various formats. Through numerical maximization and parallelization, computational performances were improved compared to our initial Fortran implementation of the model. The package allows to evaluate and compare various models defined by their number of HBD classes and it also provides several graphical functions that help interpretation of the results.

RZooRoH is an efficient tool that proves particularly suited for sub‐optimal datasets (e.g. low marker density, individual low‐coverage sequencing, uneven marker spacing) and for individuals from populations with complex demographic histories. RZooRoH is available from CRAN: https://CRAN.R-project.org/package=RZooRoH.
Potential role of Anitschkow cells in cardiovascular disease in human and veterinary medicine: A review of the literature
Authors: Colombino Elena , Biasato Ilaria , Biasibetti Elena , Sereno Alessandra , Chiappino Laura , Evangelista Rocchina , Cenacchi Giovanna , Guarda Franco , Capucchio Maria Teresa 
Published: February 2019

AbstractAnitschkow cells (AC) are a peculiar type of stromal cells observed in myocardium, cardiac valves and coronary vessels wall whose origin, characterization and role remain controversial. In human heart, they represent a histological hallmark of Aschoff nodules in rheumatic fever, but they have also been observed in other myocardial pathologies. Firstly, they have been considered a myocyte‐derived cells, but light microscopy, immunohistochemical and ultrastructural studies pointed out that a macrophagic/histiocytic origin cannot be excluded. Many authors also reported extracardiac AC or an Anitschkow nuclear pattern, thus suggesting that these cells may represent a chromatin pattern rather than a specific cell type. In veterinary medicine, AC were described in myocarditis, myocardial necrosis, degenerative and inflammatory endocardial diseases of several species. Recently, AC have been observed in intramural coronary arteries of different animals (including cattle and fish) affected by arteriosclerotic processes. Stress related to the intensive livestock farming could represent a mechanotransduction promoting factor of arteriosclerotic changes allowing the development of Anitschkow chromatin pattern. Further studies both in human and veterinary medicine are needed to confirm the origin and role of these peculiar cells.
Evidence for compromised data integrity in studies of liberal peri‐operative inspired oxygen
Authors: Myles P. S. , Carlisle J. B. , Scarr B. 
Published: February 2019

SummaryIn 2016 the World Health Organization recommended intra‐operative ventilation with 80% inspired oxygen to reduce surgical site infection rates, based upon a meta‐analysis of 15 randomised controlled trials, of which two were by Mario Schietroma's research group. Five trials by this group have been retracted for duplication, plagiarism, statistical error and lack of ethical approval. We analysed 40 papers by this group: 24 randomised controlled trials (5064 participants) and 16 observational studies (1847 patients). There was evidence that data integrity was compromised in 38 out of the 40 analysed papers. The distribution of baseline characteristics in randomised controlled trials was unlikely, p = 1.5 × 10−8: continuous variables within trials were heterogeneous, p = 1.9 × 10−9, and categorical variables were homogeneous, p = 8.5 × 10−20. Effects of interventions varied less than expected between studies: for categorical variables, for instance postoperative wound infection, p < 1 × 10−7, and for continuous variables, for instance HLA‐DR concentration, p = 0.00001. Of 184 calculable p values, for baseline variables or results, 179 (98%) were incorrect, ranging from three orders of magnitude too small to 10 orders of magnitude too large. Twenty‐one graphs occurred 81 times in 23 out of 40 papers. Liberal peri‐operative oxygen did not reduce surgical site infection in a meta‐analysis of 20 trials that excluded seven trials by Mario Schietroma and colleagues (odds ratio (95%CI) 0.89 (0.73‐1.08); p = 0.23). An update by the World Health Organization has now excluded trials of liberal oxygen by Schietroma's group, four of which have not been retracted. We conclude that Mario Schietroma's work should not inform practice until investigated.