bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The impact of invasive alien species on threatened and endangered species: A geographic perspective
Authors: Haines Aaron M. , Costante Delaney M. , Freed Cameala , Achayaraj Gokul , Bleyer Lauren , Emeric Caroline , Fenton Lily A. , Lielbriedis Laura , Ritter Emily , Salerni Gina I. , Stieha Christiopher R. , Isdell Robert E. , Leu Matthias 
Published: November 2024

AbstractInvasive alien species (IAS) are one of the most serious threats to global biodiversity and one of the leading causes of federal protection required for native species under the United States Endangered Species Act (ESA). Our goal was to document how IAS impact threatened and endangered species (T&ES) under the ESA to improve recovery efforts. We reviewed Federal Register listing decisions for 1,545 T&ES listed under the ESA and found that 58% were impacted by IAS. Pacific Island T&ES (97%) face greater threats from IAS compared to Mainland (38%) and Atlantic Island T&ES (22%), but the number of IAS impacting T&ES has increased over time in all 3 geographic areas, except for animals on Atlantic Islands. On Pacific Islands, we found that IAS impacted T&ES most through adverse habitat modification and competition, mainly through invasive plants. Negative interactions caused by IAS on the Mainland were mainly from invasive fish and plants, while on the Atlantic Islands they were caused by invasive mammals and plants. The IAS causing the greatest number of negative interactions included rats (Rattus), wild pigs (Sus), goats (Capra), fish (e.g., Lepomis and Micropterus), and various genera of plants (e.g., Schinus, Rubus, and Psidium). Based on our findings, immediate actions are needed to protect native biodiversity in the U.S. from IAS, especially on Pacific Islands. Such management actions include eradication of IAS, restoration of native habitat, development of robust policies that aim to prevent the further spread and establishment of IAS, and effective decision support tools. These actions will require coordinated leadership to improve recovery of T&ES, especially given the synergistic impacts of international trade and climate change.
Gray wolf breeders are more vulnerable to harvest during the breeding season
Authors: Rebholz Peter F. , Waits Lisette P. , Ausband David E. 
Published: November 2024

AbstractIn cooperatively breeding carnivores, breeders are vital to perpetuating the group; the death or removal of an individual breeder can greatly affect group composition, genetic content, and short‐term population growth. Understanding the number of breeders harvested and timing of harvest can increase our knowledge of how mortality affects groups of cooperative breeders. Gray wolves (Canis lupus) in Idaho, USA, are exposed to annual harvest and are an ideal species for studying the effects of harvest on breeder turnover. We combined genotypes from tissue samples of harvested wolves with parentage analyses and cementum annuli ages and estimated when and how many breeding wolves were harvested. We genotyped and aged 229 adults and 203 pups using tissue and tooth samples from wolves harvested between 2014 and 2016. We identified a minimum count of 33 breeders in the harvest and found that they were disproportionately harvested more during the breeding season. We estimated that a minimum of ~14.5% of adult wolves harvested annually, or approximately 1 in 7, were breeders. We posit their behavior during breeding season may increase their vulnerability to harvest. By linking animal life history with vulnerability to human‐caused mortality we show that managers could structure harvest seasons so there is less overlap with wolves’ breeding season if there is concern about the demographic consequences of harvesting breeders.
Periodontal and peri-implant bleeding on probing in patients undergoing supportive maintenance: a cross-sectional study
Authors: Outatzis Antares , Nickles Katrin , Petsos Hari , Eickholz Peter 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
Objective
Assessment of periodontal and peri-implant inflammation, evidenced by bleeding on probing (BOP), among partially dentate patients receiving supportive periodontal care (SPC).

Material & methods
Patient charts from the Center for Dentistry and Oral Medicine of Goethe-University Frankfurt with at least one dental implant were reviewed. Measurements included probing pocket depth (PPD), BOP, and full-mouth bleeding and plaque scores for all teeth and implants.

Results
100 patients (median; lower/upper quartile: age 68.9; 62.6/76.5 years; 51 females, 6 smokers, 16 with anticoagulative medication, 6 localized stage III, 57 generalized stage III, 37 stage IV, 70 grade B, 30 Grade C, 22; 20/25 teeth left, 2; 1/4 implants) were examined. Peri-implant BOP (24; 11.5/41.5%) was significantly higher than BOP at teeth (14; 8/21.5%) (p < 0.001). A median of 0 (0/1) implants exhibited no BOP and 0 (0/1) only one site with BOP. Shallow pockets (PPD 1–3 mm) were significantly more frequent in teeth (93; 87/97%) than in implants (72.5; 58/94.5%; p < 0.001). Moderately deep pockets (PPD 4 and 5 mm) were less frequent in teeth compared to implants (6; 2/11%; 22; 5.5/33%; p < 0.001).

Conclusions
Peri-implant sites exhibit a higher prevalence of BOP compared to periodontal sites in SPC patients.

Clinical relevance
Practitioners providing supportive periodontal care to patients with dental implants should anticipate a greater prevalence of BOP around implants compared to teeth.
Distributions and Correlation Properties of Offshore Wind Speeds and Wind Speed Increments
Authors: Sim So-Kumneth , Maass Philipp , Roman H.  Eduardo 
Published: November 2024

AbstractWe determine distributions and correlation properties of offshore wind speeds and wind speed increments by analyzing wind data sampled with a resolution of one second for 20 months at different heights above sea level in the North Sea. Distributions of horizontal wind speeds can be fitted to Weibull distributions with shape and scale parameters varying weakly with the vertical height separation. Kullback–Leibler divergences between distributions at different heights change with the squared logarithm of the height ratio. Cross-correlations between time derivatives of wind speeds are long-term anticorrelated, and the even parts of their correlation functions satisfy sum rules. Distributions of horizontal wind speed increments change from a tent-like shape to a Gaussian with rising increment lag. A surprising peak occurs in the left tail of the increment distributions for lags in a range $$10-200\,{km}$$

10
-
200

km

after applying the Taylor’s hypothesis locally to transform time lags into distances. The peak is decisive in order to obtain an expected and observed linear scaling of third-order structure functions with distance. This suggests that it is an intrinsic feature of atmospheric turbulence.
Deep learning automatically distinguishes myocarditis patients from normal subjects based on MRI
Authors: Hatfaludi Cosmin-Andrei , Roșca Aurelian , Popescu Andreea Bianca , Chitiboi Teodora , Sharma Puneet , Benedek Theodora , Itu Lucian Mihai 
Published: November 2024

AbstractMyocarditis, characterized by inflammation of the myocardial tissue, presents substantial risks to cardiovascular functionality, potentially precipitating critical outcomes including heart failure and arrhythmias. This investigation primarily aims to identify the optimal cardiovascular magnetic resonance imaging (CMRI) views for distinguishing between normal and myocarditis cases, using deep learning (DL) methodologies. Analyzing CMRI data from a cohort of 269 individuals, with 231 confirmed myocarditis cases and 38 as control participants, we implemented an innovative DL framework to facilitate the automated detection of myocarditis. Our approach was divided into single-frame and multi-frame analyses to evaluate different views and types of acquisitions for optimal diagnostic accuracy. The results demonstrated a weighted accuracy of 96.9%, with the highest accuracy achieved using the late gadolinium enhancement (LGE) 2-chamber view, underscoring the potential of DL in distinguishing myocarditis from normal cases on CMRI data.
Putting biomonitors to work: native moss as a screening tool for solid waste incineration
Authors: Jovan Sarah , Jacobson Eleonore , Unrine Jason M. , Jalili-Jahani Nasser , McCune Bruce 
Published: November 2024

AbstractSolid waste incineration (SWI) can release numerous air pollutants although the geographic reach of emissions is not routinely monitored. While many studies use moss and lichens for biomonitoring trace elements, including around SWIs, few investigate the complex, multi-element footprint expected from SWI emissions. This study develops using native moss as a screening tool for SWI while also informing community concerns about an aging incinerator in rural Oregon, USA. Trained community volunteers helped collect 36 composite samples of epiphytic moss (Orthotrichum s.l.) along a 32-km transect from the SWI. We used ICP-MS to measure 40 elements in moss, including 14 rare earth elements (REEs) previously unexplored for SWI. We compared the elemental signatures of samples with an emissions profile for SWI and modeled relationships between element concentrations and distance from the facility using nonparametric regression. The chemical signatures in moss pointed to SWI as a source, potentially through both stack and fugitive dust emissions. The strongest models described farther-dispersing elements, including mercury and cadmium (xR2 = 0.65 and 0.62, respectively), and suggested most deposition occurs within 5 to 10 km of the facility. Elements often associated with soil and dust, like arsenic and chromium, exhibited localized peaks within 0.2 km of the incinerator (xR2 = 0.14–0.3). Three novel elements—cesium and REEs europium and gadolinium—also showed promise as atmospheric tracers for SWI. Gadolinium, a contrast reagent for MRIs, could reflect medical waste incineration by the facility. We include additional analysis and discussion to help stakeholders use results effectively.
Circular economy in firms’ strategies—What are the determinants of eco-innovation?
Authors: Massapina Maria , Meireles Mónica , Madaleno Mara 
Published: November 2024

AbstractSustainability is a growing theme in society, and associated with it is the concept of circular economy (CE) that tries to reuse products for greater durability, thus contributing to reducing waste and pollution. A very important agent in this topic is eco-innovation (EI), which can be developed to promote the growth of this new economic concept. This study intends to determine the key drivers of EI for Portuguese companies, considering their evolution towards a circular economy. Using a Tobit model and data from the CIS, all the variables identified in the literature review were tested to understand their impact on firms’ performance by measuring turnover growth (TG). Verifying all variables’ effects was impossible from the estimations because not all were significant. Our findings allow concluding that not all drivers that appeared to have a positive impact on the TG had one. Therefore, the results show that not all theoretical drivers of eco-innovation are, in fact, drivers and may even represent negative impacts for the company, contrary to what one would predict. The negative effect that is still notorious regarding the costs that companies have associated with the implementation of these new measures should also be highlighted. It represents one of the biggest inhibitors for companies to integrate this action into their internal strategies.
Speed of Sound Measurements for Liquid Squalane Up to a Pressure of 20 MPa
Authors: Imran Muhammad , Windmann Thorsten , Vrabec Jadran 
Published: November 2024

AbstractThe speed of sound of liquid squalane is measured with the double-path pulse-echo technique, utilizing a piezoelectric quartz (8 MHz) positioned between two reflectors with distinct path lengths. Calibration of the apparatus is carried out with water, for which highly accurate reference data exist. The present experiments with squalane cover the temperature range from 298.15 K to 493.15 K and a pressure from 0.1 MPa to 20 MPa. The total relative expanded ($$k = 2$$

k
=
2

) uncertainty $$U_r(w)$$

U
r

(
w
)

for the speed of sound is estimated to be ±0.1 %. The present data are consistent with literature values, which are, however, only available at ambient pressure. To validate the present speed of sound measurements, the density and isobaric heat capacity are integrated numerically from the sampled data over most of the measurement range, employing rigorous thermodynamic identities. With deviations of about 0.1 %, the resulting density data are favorably compared with literature values. The resulting isobaric heat capacity, for which just a single reference with data at pressures above the ambient exists, deviates by up to 6 %.
A branch-and-bound algorithm for parametric mixed-binary nonlinear programs
Authors: Pangia Andrew C. , Wiecek Margaret M. 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
As rapid response to changes becomes more imperative, optimization under uncertainty has continued to grow in both the continuous and mixed-integer fields. We design a branch-and-bound (BB) algorithm for mixed-binary nonlinear optimization problems with parameters in general locations. At every node of the BB tree we apply a state-of-the-art algorithm we have recently developed to approximately optimize parametric programs containing objectives and constraints biconvex in the variables and parameters. Numerical results are included.
The effect of COVID-19: to what extent does food delivery substitute eating out trips in Yogyakarta, Indonesia?
Authors: Muchlisin Muchlis , Soza-Parra Jaime , Ettema Dick 
Published: November 2024

AbstractThe study aims to assess the impact of information and communication technology (ICT) on travel and out-of-home activity by analyzing primary data collected from ride-hailing app users in Yogyakarta Province, Indonesia. The data was analyzed using a random effect ordered logistic panel model. The results indicate a complementary relationship between food delivery and eating out. Individuals who frequently use food delivery services are more likely to also engage in eating out activities, and vice versa. Furthermore, the COVID-19 pandemic had a significant impact on these behaviors. Eating out experienced a substantial decrease during the pandemic, while food delivery remained stable. The findings highlight that food delivery cannot easily replace the experience of eating out, even under lockdown conditions. Overall, this study provides insights into the dynamics between food delivery and eating out, emphasizing the complexities and limitations of substituting one with the other.
Bias Sensitivity in Diagnostic Decision-Making: Comparing ChatGPT with Residents
Authors: Schmidt Henk G. , Rotgans Jerome I , Mamede Silvia 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
Background
Diagnostic errors, often due to biases in clinical reasoning, significantly affect patient care. While artificial intelligence chatbots like ChatGPT could help mitigate such biases, their potential susceptibility to biases is unknown.

Methods
This study evaluated diagnostic accuracy of ChatGPT against the performance of 265 medical residents in five previously published experiments aimed at inducing bias. The residents worked in several major teaching hospitals in the Netherlands. The biases studied were case-intrinsic (presence of salient distracting findings in the patient history, effects of disruptive patient behaviors) and situational (prior availability of a look-alike patient). ChatGPT’s accuracy in identifying the most-likely diagnosis was measured.

Results
Diagnostic accuracy of residents and ChatGPT was equivalent. For clinical cases involving case-intrinsic bias, both ChatGPT and the residents exhibited a decline in diagnostic accuracy. Residents’ accuracy decreased on average 12%, while the accuracy of ChatGPT 4.0 decreased 21%. Accuracy of ChatGPT 3.5 decreased 9%. These findings suggest that, like human diagnosticians, ChatGPT is sensitive to bias when the biasing information is part of the patient history. When the biasing information was extrinsic to the case in the form of the prior availability of a look-alike case, residents’ accuracy decreased by 15%. By contrast, ChatGPT’s performance was not affected by the biasing information. Chi-square goodness-of-fit tests corroborated these outcomes.

Conclusions
It seems that, while ChatGPT is not sensitive to bias when biasing information is situational, it is sensitive to bias when the biasing information is part of the patient’s disease history. Its utility in diagnostic support has potential, but caution is advised. Future research should enhance AI’s bias detection and mitigation to make it truly useful for diagnostic support.
Arbeitszufriedenheit und Arbeitsbedingungen des DGPuK-Mittelbaus: Eine Bestandsaufnahme vor dem Hintergrund aktueller wissenschaftspolitischer Entwicklungen
Authors: Rihl Alexander , Link Elena , Jakob Alina , Lück-Benz Julia , Stehr Paula , Thiele Franziska 
Published: November 2024

ZusammenfassungDie vorliegende Untersuchung stellt die erste Welle einer langfristig angelegten Trendstudie dar, die darauf abzielt, die Zufriedenheit des DGPuK-Mittelbaus mit den Arbeitsbedingungen in der Wissenschaft systematisch und evidenzbasiert zu erfassen. Besonderes Augenmerk der Auswertung des Basisteils (spezifischere Teilauswertungen folgen) liegt auf der Wahrnehmung der Arbeitsumstände und deren Einfluss auf die berufliche Zufriedenheit. Die Ergebnisse zeigen, dass die Arbeitszufriedenheit insgesamt moderat ist, eine Karriere in der Wissenschaft aber eher nicht als empfehlenswert wahrgenommen wird. Dabei spielen verschiedene Faktoren, wie Arbeitsbelastung, organisatorische Unterstützung und Karrieremöglichkeiten, eine zentrale Rolle. Es wird deutlich, dass insbesondere die berufliche Unsicherheit und die unklaren Karriereperspektiven als belastend empfunden werden. Die Studie bietet damit wertvolle Einblicke in die aktuelle Situation des Mittelbaus und legt den Grundstein für zukünftige Erhebungswellen, die die Entwicklung der Zufriedenheit im Zeitverlauf abbilden können. Die Erkenntnisse sollen dazu beitragen, gezielte Maßnahmen zur Verbesserung der Arbeitsbedingungen zu entwickeln und eine Datenbasis für das wissenschaftspolitische Engagement der Fachgesellschaft bieten.
Mit dem Rollstuhl durch ein Psychotherapiestudium mit psychodramatischem Finale
Authors: Ploier Paulus 
Published: November 2024

Zusammenfassung
In diesem Artikel der Zeitschrift für Psychodrama und Soziometrie beschreibt der ab dem Halswirbel gelähmte Psychodrama-Therapeut in Ausbildung unter Supervision Paulus Ploier seinen Weg zur Psychodrama-Ausbildung. Hierbei listet er positive wie negative Erfahrungen in Sachen Inklusion auf.
Hemoglobin is associated with hypertension-mediated cardiovascular damages in hypertensive patients with high-altitude polycythemia
Authors: Yang Xiangyu , Li Hongwei , Zhang Jie , Yang Xiajiao , Che Qianqiu , Cai Zhengyao , Cao Yuting , Fu Yongxing , Zhao Jinghua , Zhang Xin , Chen Xiaoping , Zhao Liming 
Published: November 2024

AbstractHigh-altitude polycythemia (HAPC) is a pathological state resulting from maladaptation to prolonged high-altitude exposure, posing significant risks to the cardiovascular health of highlanders. However, its influence on hypertension-mediated organ damages (HMODs) in hypertensive individuals remains unclear. We recruited hypertensive patients residing at altitudes above 2500 m for over 3 years. A case–control matching was conducted in a 1:1 ratio between hypertensive patients with and without HAPC, based on gender and age. Echocardiography, carotid artery ultrasound, and brachial flow-mediated dilation (FMD) were measured as HMODs. A total of 88 hypertensive patients were included in the analysis, with 44 with HAPC and 44 without HAPC. Patients with HAPC showed significantly higher hemoglobin (HGB) levels (217.82 ± 17.34 vs. 160.16 ± 13.25, P<0.001), a larger left atrium (LA) diameter (35.36 ± 4.25 vs. 33.09 ± 3.55, P = 0.008), and a higher proportion of impaired FMD (95.45% vs. 79.55%, P = 0.049) compared to those without HAPC. No significant differences were found between the two groups in diastolic function parameters, left ventricular mass index (LVMI), relative wall thickness (RWT), or intima-media thickness (IMT). After adjusting for age, gender, and other confounding factors, HGB remained significantly associated with LA diameter (β = 0.034, P = 0.023) and impaired FMD (OR = 1.034, 95% CI 1.001–1.069). After matching for age and gender, hypertensive patients with HAPC exhibited a significantly larger LA diameter and a higher prevalence of impaired FMD compared to those without HAPC. Additionally, HGB was identified as an independent risk factor for both increased LA diameter and impaired FMD in hypertensive patients with HAPC.
Thriving… or Just Surviving? Autistic Journeys in Higher Education
Authors: Horlin Chiara , Almond Katie , Bowen Alex , Robertson Ashley 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
Purpose of Review
Here we synthesise key recent (2021–2024) research that aims to understand the experience of autistic people, both staff and students, who navigate the Higher Education (HE) environment.

Recent Findings
Autistic students and staff continue to experience a lack of flexible, consistent and personalised support within the HE context, and tensions remain between the benefits of disclosure and the discrimination that may result. Significant missed opportunities remain for greater social, emotional and practical supports for autistic members of the HE community.

Summary
Distinct barriers to both access and ‘flourishing’ for autistic people within HE remain. Personal narratives continue to describe a range of both positive and negative experiences within HE, yet it remains clear that HE may be inherently hostile in its setup, and that it takes a great deal of effort to fight against this.
Antisecretory Factor 16 (AF16): A Promising Avenue for the Treatment of Traumatic Brain Injury—An In Vitro Model Approach
Authors: Vahrmeijer Nicola , Kriel Jurgen , Harrington Bradley M. , van Staden Anton Du Preez , Vlok Adriaan Johannes , Engelbrecht Lize , Du Toit Andre , Loos Ben 
Published: November 2024

AbstractTraumatic brain injury (TBI) is caused by an external mechanical force to the head, resulting in abnormal brain functioning and clinical manifestations. Antisecretory factor (AF16) is a potential therapeutic agent for TBI treatment due to its ability to inhibit fluid secretion and decrease inflammation, intracranial pressure, and interstitial fluid build-up, key hallmarks presented in TBI. Here, we investigated the effect of AF16 in an in vitro model of neuronal injury, as well as its impact on key components of the autophagy pathway and mitochondrial dynamics. N2Awt cells were treated with AF16, injured using a scratch assay, and analysed using confocal microscopy, correlative light and electron microscopy (CLEM), flow cytometry, and western blotting. Our results reveal that AF16 enhances autophagy activity, regulates mitochondrial dynamics, and provides protection as early as 6 h post-injury. Fluorescently labelled AF16 was observed to localise to lysosomes and the autophagy compartment, suggesting a role for autophagy and mitochondrial quality control in conferring AF16-associated neuronal protection. This study concludes that AF16 has potential as a therapeutic agent for TBI treatment through is regulation of autophagy and mitochondrial dynamics.