bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Facial skin mapping: from single point bio‐instrumental evaluation to continuous visualization of skin hydration, barrier function, skin surface pH, and sebum in different ethnic skin types
Authors: Voegeli R. , Gierschendorf J. , Summers B. , Rawlings A. V. 
Published: July 2019

AbstractDry skin is one of the most important concerns of consumers worldwide. Despite huge efforts over several decades, the personal care industry still does not offer a perfect solution to satisfy the unmet needs of consumers for moisturising treatments in different ethnic groups. The paucity of data for the underlying cellular and biochemical problems in, and the effects of moisturisers on photodamaged facial skin may partly explain this. Mainly, single point measurements are used to understand the effects of products on skin physiology even on surrogate skin sites such as the non‐photodamaged volar forearm. Some groups have developed discontinuous facial maps of skin biophysical properties, however, in 2014 a continuous facial analysis of bio‐instrumental evaluations was developed using a heat map approach. These maps enabled a continuous visualization of features that not only revealed an unexpected complexity of facial skin but also indicated that use of surrogate skin sites for facial skin is inappropriate. We have demonstrated that remarkable gradients of skin hydration, TEWL, skin surface pH and sebum exist within short distances across the face and the gradients are distinctive among different ethnic groups. In addition, these studies have demonstrated that darkly‐pigmented individuals do not necessarily have a better skin barrier function than their less‐pigmented counterparts and that Caucasians have a lower facial skin surface pH compared with more pigmented subjects. Overall, there are no correlations between capacitance, TEWL and skin surface pH including individual topology angle values. Novel 3D camera approaches have also been used to facilitate a more precise assignment of measurement sites and visualisation. The 3D facial colour mappings illustrated precisely the local moisturising effects of a moisturising cream. There were subtle ethnic differences in efficacy that may be related to underlying skin biochemistry and/or ethnic differences in product application. A placebo‐controlled study using conductance measurements in Chinese subjects is also reported. Finally, a new whole face statistical approach has been taken to prove differences in skin parameters but also of moisturiser treatment that adds further to our understanding of the ethnic differences in skin physiology and product application. This paper reviews the background of the development and application of this methodology.
Effect of doping and changing of the annealing temperature on the structural and optical properties of ZnS
Authors: Mohamed Mohamed Bakr 
Published: July 2019

AbstractNano ZnS doped with Co, Mn, or Fe have been synthesized via thermolysis technique at different annealing temperatures (300, 400, and 500°C). The effect of doping and annealing temperature on the lattice parameter and crystalline size of ZnS are studied in detail by Rietveld refinement method of X‐ray diffraction data. To confirm the formation of a zinc blend structure of annealed and doped ZnS, Fourier‐transform infrared are investigated. The energy gaps of doped and annealed ZnS are determined using ultraviolet spectroscopy technique. Undoped and doped ZnS with Fe emitted violet, blue, and green colors depend on the annealing temperature. Moreover, Mn‐doped ZnS exhibits blue‐green emission, while Co‐doped ZnS has a blue emission only.
Transfusion strategies in upper gastrointestinal bleeding management: a review of South Australian hospital practice
Authors: Hamarneh Zaki , Robinson Kathryn , Andrews Jane , Hunt Russell , Fraser Robert 
Published: July 2019

AbstractBackgroundUpper gastrointestinal bleeding (UGIB) is a common cause of hospital admission and red cell transfusion is frequently required. A large single‐centre randomised study from 2013 showed that a restrictive transfusion strategy in UGIB management was associated with better outcomes compared to a liberal strategy. Subsequently multiple international guidelines favour a restrictive transfusion strategy. However, given the multiple exclusion criteria in the study, generalisation to everyday practice was unclear.AimsTo assess applicability of the data to a non‐trial UGIB population and determine how often restrictive thresholds are used in clinical practice.MethodsA retrospective case note review of patients with an UGIB admission during 2014 in three tertiary hospitals was undertaken. Information collected included demographics, comorbidities and factors associated with transfusion, such as apparent haemoglobin triggers and units transfused. The proportion of patients who would have met inclusion criteria of the study was calculated.ResultsOf 89 UGIB admissions reviewed, up to 70% would be suitable for a restrictive approach. Use of this approach was evident in only 26% of transfusion episodes in patients meeting inclusion criteria. However, assessment was, limited by rapidly changing clinical status and potential for overestimation of true haemoglobin level with fluid resuscitation and equilibration.ConclusionA restrictive transfusion strategy may be suitable for many patients presenting with UGIB; however, important exclusions were not uncommon. Opportunities for increased uptake of restrictive thresholds were identified. Ongoing improvement initiatives should address the risks of both over and under‐transfusion.
Mental health nurses’ attitudes towards consumer involvement in nursing handover pre and post an educational implementation
Authors: Olasoji Michael , Cross Wendy , Reed Fiona , Wang Wei , Jacob Sini , Plummer Virginia 
Published: July 2019

AbstractInvolving mental health consumers in nursing handover is a recent introduction to practise in acute mental health units. However, implementation must recognize that mental health care is complex and the approach needs to include recovery‐focused philosophies of practice. Evidence shows that nurses and other health professionals consider poor handover practices may be the source of adverse events; however, the views of mental health nurses about involving consumers in nursing handover have not been previously reported. The aim of this study was to identify nurses’ attitudes towards consumer involvement in handover and to measure the effect of a training programme upon these attitudes. A single‐group pre‐post‐test intervention study was undertaken. The study was conducted on the adult acute mental health inpatient unit of a major metropolitan hospital in Victoria, Australia, 2016–2017. Questionnaires were developed to capture the views of the nurses about proposed changes in the afternoon nursing handover process. A questionnaire was administered before and after the training intervention, an innovative, multi‐media education handover package. We found that training had a significant influence on mental health nurses’ attitudes towards involving consumers in the handover. Therapeutic engagement improved following training and miscommunication reduced when all players are informed and have the opportunity to engage with the information. This study has demonstrated that well‐planned education can influence nurses’ attitudes about involving consumers in the nursing handover processes.
Exploring the use of mobile information and communication technologies by people with mood disorders
Authors: Fulford Hamish , McSwiggan Linda , Kroll Thilo , MacGillivray Stephen 
Published: July 2019

AbstractInformation and communication technologies (ICTs) have become increasingly integrated into how care is delivered and received. However, no research has yet explored how people with mood disorders use mobile information and communication technologies (mICTs) in their everyday lives and, more specifically, how they might use mICTs to look after themselves. An exploratory qualitative study, within secondary and specialist mental health Services, was undertaken. Data generation involved in‐depth, semi‐structured interviews with 26 people with mood disorders. Participants’ data sets were analysed using constructivist grounded theory (CGT). The resultant theory explains how mICTs were used in daily life, and also, more specifically, how they were used to manage recovery from mood disorders. The findings reveal that people with mood disorders used their mICTs to centralize themselves within their on‐ and offline worlds and their importance of attachment were central in their continued use. These findings have the potential to inform and encourage the further incorporation of mICTs into the health and social care settings; spanning the therapeutic to systemic levels so that the full potential of these ubiquitous technologies can be harnessed to improve care and care delivery. Yet, without adequate resource and support, health and social care professionals’ efforts will be hampered, contributing to technology redundancy and high attrition rates in the use of this type of technology.
The top 100 most‐cited papers in Paediatric Dentistry journals: A bibliometric analysis
Authors: Perazzo Matheus França , Otoni Ana Luisa Caldas , Costa Matheus Silva , Granville‐Granville Ana Flávia , Paiva Saul Martins , Martins‐Júnior Paulo Antônio 
Published: July 2019

AbstractBackgroundThe most‐cited papers help to better understand important characteristics of this specific science field.ObjectiveTo analyse the 100 most‐cited papers in the field of Paediatric Dentistry.DesignA search of the most‐cited papers in Paediatric Dentistry journals was performed using journals included in the category of ‘Dentistry, Oral Surgery & Medicine’ in the Thompson Reuters Web of Science citation indexing database up to December 2018. Two researchers performed the data extraction, which included: number of citations, title, authors, country, year, journals, study design, and thematic area.ResultsThe number of citations of each paper included in the top 100 most‐cited ranged from 42 to 182 (mean: 64.51). Seven papers were cited more than 100 times. Most of the papers were published in the International Journal of Paediatric Dentistry (36%), between 2006 and 2015 (55%), with a cross‐sectional design (39%). Twenty‐six authors participated in two or more papers. The countries with the highest number of most‐cited papers were the United States (25%), Australia (11%), and Brazil (9%). Cariology was the most studied thematic area.ConclusionThe evaluation of the top 100 most‐cited papers in Paediatric Dentistry journals allowed for a better understanding of the world scenario regarding this research field.
Bonding strength and thermal shock resistance of a novel bilayer (c‐AlPO4‐SiCw‐mullite)/SiC coated carbon fiber reinforced CMCs
Authors: Chen Pengju , Xiao Peng , Li Zhuan , Pan Ling , Li Jinwei , Liu Zeyan , Pu Dongmei , Li Yang 
Published: July 2019

AbstractMullite coating, SiC whiskers toughened mullite coating (SiCw‐mullite), and cristobalite aluminum phosphate (c‐AlPO4) particle modified SiCw‐mullite coating (c‐AlPO4‐SiCw‐mullite) were prepared on SiC coated C/SiC composites using a novel sol‐gel method combined with air spraying. Results show that molten SiO2 formed by the oxidation of SiC whiskers and molten c‐AlPO4 improved the bonding strength between mullite outer coating and SiC–C/SiC composites due to their high‐temperature bonding properties. The bonding strength between mullite, SiCw‐mullite, c‐AlPO4‐SiCw‐mullite outer coatings and SiC–C/SiC composites were 2.41, 4.31, and 7.38 MPa, respectively. After 48 thermal cycles between 1773 K and room temperature, the weight loss of mullite/SiC coating coated C/SiC composites was up to 11.61%, while the weight losses of SiCw‐mullite/SiC and c‐AlPO4‐SiCw‐mullite/SiC coatings coated C/SiC composites were reduced to 7.40% and 5.12%, respectively. The addition of appropriate SiC whiskers can considerably improve the thermal shock resistance of mullite coating owing to their excellent mechanical properties at high temperature. In addition, c‐AlPO4 particles can further improve the thermal shock resistance of SiCw‐mullite coating due to their high‐temperature bonding and sealing properties. No obvious micro‐pores and cracks were observed on the surface of c‐AlPO4‐SiCw‐mullite coating after 48 thermal cycles due to timely healing effect by formation of secondary mullite.
The global biogeography of lizard functional groups
Authors: Vidan Enav , Novosolov Maria , Bauer Aaron M. , Herrera Fernando Castro , Chirio Laurent , de Campos Nogueira Cristiano , Doan Tiffany M. , Lewin Amir , Meirte Danny , Nagy Zoltan T. , Pincheira‐Donoso Daniel , Tallowin Oliver J.S. , Torres Carvajal Omar , Uetz Peter , Wagner Philipp , Wang Yuezhao , Belmaker Jonathan , Meiri Shai 
Published: July 2019

AbstractAimUnderstanding the mechanisms determining species richness is a primary goal of biogeography. Richness patterns of sub‐groups within a taxon are usually assumed to be driven by similar processes. However, if richness of distinct ecological strategies respond differently to the same processes, inferences made for an entire taxon may be misleading. We deconstruct the global lizard assemblage into functional groups and examine the congruence among richness patterns between them. We further examine the species richness – functional richness relationship to elucidate the way functional diversity contributes to the overall species richness patterns.LocationGlobal.MethodsUsing comprehensive biological trait databases we classified the global lizard assemblage into ecological strategies based on body size, diet, activity times and microhabitat preferences, using Archetypal Analysis. We then examined spatial gradients in the richness of each strategy at the one‐degree grid cell, biome, and realm scales.ResultsWe found that lizards can best be characterized by seven “ecological strategies”: scansorial, terrestrial, nocturnal, herbivorous, fossorial, large, and semi‐aquatic. There are large differences among the global richness patterns of these strategies. While the major richness hotspot for lizards in general is in Australia, several strategies exhibit highest richness in the Amazon Basin. Importantly, the global maximum in lizard species richness is achieved at intermediate values of functional diversity and increasing functional diversity further result in a slow decline of species richness.Main conclusionsThe deconstruction of the global lizard assemblage along multiple ecological axes offers a new way to conceive lizard diversity patterns. It suggests that local lizard richness mostly increases when species belonging to particular ecological strategies become hyper‐diverse there, and not because more ecological types are present in the most species rich localities. Thus maximum richness and maximum ecological diversity do not overlap. These results shed light on the global richness pattern of lizards, and highlight previously unidentified spatial patterns in understudied functional groups.
Long‐term performance and lead failure analysis of the Durata defibrillation lead compared to its previous model, the recalled Riata defibrillation lead
Authors: Kleemann Thomas , Nonnenmacher Florian , Strauss Margit , Kouraki Kleopatra , Werner Nicolas , Fendt Andràs , Zahn Ralf 
Published: July 2019

AbstractIntroductionData on long‐term durability of St Jude Medical Durata defibrillation leads compared to its previous model, the St Jude Medical Riata leads in clinical practice are missing. Aim of the study was to analyze the long‐term performance of the Durata defibrillation leads compared to the Riata leads in clinical practice.Methods and ResultsA total of 1407 consecutive patients of a prospective single‐centre implantable cardioverter defibrillator (ICD)‐registry were analyzed who underwent ICD implantation with a Durata (n = 913) or Riata (n = 494) ICD lead between 2002 and 2017. Most of the leads were implanted via a subclavian vein access. The estimated lead defect rates after 5 and 10 years were not different between the Durata (11% and 36%) and Riata leads (13% and 38%). Among Durata leads single coil and DF‐4 connector ICD leads had a lower incidence of lead failure. Major causes of lead failure were compression of the lead in the clavicular region, generator to lead friction and distal fatigue fracture whereas lead defect due to externalization was a rare cause of lead defect in Riata leads (3%).ConclusionAmong ICD leads implanted via the subclavian vein access the lead defect rate of Durata leads after 10 years is similar to that of Riata leads. Single coil and DF‐4 ICD leads are associated with a lower lead failure rate. Mechanical stress represents a major cause of lead failure mechanism whereas externalization might only play a minor role in clinical practice.
Inter‐rater reliability of the BIOCHIP indirect immunofluorescence dermatology mosaic in bullous pemphigoid and pemphigus patients
Authors: Yang A. , Xuan R.R. , Melbourne W. , Hashimoto T. , Uzun S. , Daneshpazhooh M. , Yamagami J. , Di Zenzo G. , Mascaro J.M. , Mahmoudi H. , Patsatsi A. , Drenovska K. , Vassileva S. , Murrell D.F. 
Published: July 2019

AbstractBackgroundThe BIOCHIP (Dermatology Mosaic 7; EUROIMMUN, Lubeck, Germany) is a novel multiplex indirect immunofluorescence (IIF) technique used in the serological diagnosis of bullous pemphigoid (BP) and pemphigus.ObjectiveTo validate the accuracy and inter‐rater reliability (IRR) of the BIOCHIP in the diagnosis of BP, pemphigus foliaceus (PF) and pemphigus vulgaris (PV).MethodsSera from patients with BP (n = 38), PF (n = 8), PV (n = 23), control patients (n = 64) and healthy control volunteers (n = 39) were tested. Sera were collected and analysed during the course of the disease at 1–5 different time points. The BIOCHIP was performed for all patients, digital images were captured of each incubated field, and the images were shared with 10 dermatologists experienced in reading IF from around the world to report. There were 312 BIOCHIP slides consisting of 1872 photos in total. All patients were de‐identified. Fleiss Kappa was used to estimate the IRR.ResultsFleiss Kappa was computed for each category (Oesophagus, Oesophagus immunofluorescence pattern, Salt‐Split Skin (SSS), SSS immunofluorescence location, BP180, BP230, Dsg 1 and Ds3). The inter‐rater agreement between the 10 raters varied between fair and moderate for all categories. Those that demonstrated fair concordance included monkey oesophagus (k = 0.257, P < 0.0001), oesophagus pattern (k = 0.357, P < 0.0001), Dsg1 (k = 0.390, P < 0.0001) and BP230 (k = 0.281, P < 0.0001). Moderate agreement was demonstrated for SSS (k = 0.416, P < 0.0001), SSS immunofluorescence location (k = 0.505, P < 0.0001), Dsg3 (k = 0.437, P < 0.0001) and BP180 (k = 0.559, P < 0.0001).ConclusionThe BIOCHIP mosaic‐based immunofluorescence test is a simple, time and effort saving test that can aid in the diagnosis and screening of BP, PV and PF. However, the level of agreement was relatively low. The authors found the most common causes to be variable levels of training, indicating the presence of a learning curve in the interpretation of the results and ambiguous staining patterns leading to incongruent results.
Listeria monocytogenes and enterotoxigenic Staphylococcus aureus in dry fermented sausages belonging to “Traditional Agri‐Food Product” produced in Southern Italy
Authors: Quaglia Nicoletta C. , Storelli MariaMaddalena , Ioanna Federica , Celano Giuseppe , Celano Gaetano V. , Conversano Chiara , De Rosa Michele , Dambrosio Angela 
Published: July 2019

AbstractThe aim of this study was to assess the microbiological quality and safety of typical dry fermented sausages produced in Apulia region, Southern Italy, classified as “Traditional Agri‐Food Products” (T.A.P.). A total of 106 samples were collected and analyzed. Two samples of Soppressata di maiale nero dei Monti Dauni (1.89%) were positive to Listeria monocytogenes. Nevertheless, the loads were <100 cfu/g hence all samples had a satisfactory microbiological quality. According to Gilbert's guidelines, 9.43% of the analyzed samples showed unsatisfactory microbiological quality since Staphylococcus aureus was between 100 and <104 cfu/g. Moreover, 7.54% of the dry fermented sausages analyzed had unacceptable microbiological quality since S. aureus loads were >104 cfu/g. Five isolated strains of S. aureus were enterotoxigenic. Based on findings, it is essential to apply and maintain good hygiene practices throughout the food chain, especially for T.A.P., which are often produced in small family processing plants using production protocols based on the experience handed down from father to son.Practical ApplicationThe Traditional Agri‐Food Products (T.A.P.) are foodstuffs much appreciated by consumers because of their organoleptic qualities and taste that brings back to the genuine flavors of the past. The results of this study can contribute to the risk analysis for these particular products, and underline the need to apply and maintain good hygiene practices throughout the production chain.
Generation of magnifying endoscopic images of gastric neoplasms based on an all‐in‐focus algorithm
Authors: Matsui Kenichi , Funasaka Kohei , Miyahara Ryoji , Furukawa Kazuhiro , Matsushita Masanobu , Yamamura Takeshi , Ishikawa Takuya , Ohno Eizaburo , Nakamura Masanao , Kawashima Hiroki , Watanabe Osamu , Ohara Kenichi , Hirooka Yoshiki , Goto Hidemi 
Published: July 2019

AbstractBackground and AimMagnifying endoscopy is useful for diagnosis of early gastrointestinal neoplasms by visualizing microvascular (MV) and microsurface (MS) structures of the mucosa when combined with image‐enhanced endoscopy. However, precise control of the endoscope is needed because the depth of focus is narrow and the target may move. These problems may be overcome by the all‐in‐focus (AIF) technique, which was developed in the engineering field. The aim of the study was to evaluate magnifying endoscopic image with AIF algorithm.MethodsTwenty gastric neoplasms were examined. Images were acquired at 80× magnification and converted to endoscopic images with an AIF algorithm (EI‐AIF). The focus area and MV and MS patterns in the original image and the EI‐AIF were compared on a 5‐point Likert scale, where 5 indicates that the EI‐AIF was superior. Intraclass correlation coefficients (ICCs) were used to assess the inter‐evaluator reliability. An image quality measurement value was calculated for each image as an indicator of the degree of focus.ResultsThe scores for focus area, MV, and MS were 4.78 ± 0.45 (ICC = 0.63), 4.12 ± 0.76 (ICC = 0.70), and 4.72 ± 0.52 (ICC = 0.45), respectively, with the EI‐AIF significantly superior for all three items (P < 0.05 by Student's t‐test). ICCs for the focus area and MV were > 0.60, indicating strong inter‐evaluator reliability. Image quality measurement was higher for the EI‐AIF compared with the original image in every case.ConclusionsEndoscopic observation with AIF algorithm gives a better image quality that allows easier evaluation of MV and MS patterns. This technique may resolve the difficulties with magnifying endoscopic observation.