bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
In Vivo Retargeting of Poly(beta aminoester) (OM‐PBAE) Nanoparticles is Influenced by Protein Corona
Authors: Fornaguera Cristina , Guerra‐Rebollo Marta , Lázaro Miguel Ángel , Cascante Anna , Rubio Núria , Blanco Jerónimo , Borrós Salvador 
Published: September 2019

AbstractOne of the main bottlenecks in the translation of nanomedicines from research to clinics is the difficulty in designing nanoparticles actively vectorized to the target tissue, a key parameter to ensure efficacy and safety. In this group, a library of poly(beta aminoester) polymers is developed, and it is demonstrated that adding specific combinations of terminal oligopeptides (OM‐PBAE), in vitro transfection is cell selective. The current study aims to actively direct the nanoparticles to the liver by the addition of a targeting molecule. To achieve this objective, retinol, successfully attached to OM‐PBAE, is selected as hepatic targeting moiety. It is demonstrated that organ biodistribution is tailored, achieving the desired liver accumulation. Regarding cell type transfection, antigen presenting cells in the liver are those showing the highest transfection. Thanks to proteomics studies, organ but not cellular biodistribution can be explained by the formation of differential protein coronas. Therefore, organ biodistribution is governed by differential protein corona formed when retinol is present, while cellular biodistribution is controlled by the end oligopeptides type. In summary, this work is a proof of concept that demonstrates the versatility of these OM‐PBAE nanoparticles, in terms of the modification of the biodistribution of OM‐PBAE nanoparticles adding active targeting moieties.
Review on Recent Progress of All‐Inorganic Metal Halide Perovskites and Solar Cells
Authors: Xiang Wanchun , Tress Wolfgang 
Published: September 2019

AbstractAll‐inorganic perovskites are considered to be one of the most appealing research hotspots in the field of perovskite photovoltaics in the past 3 years due to their superior thermal stability compared to their organic–inorganic hybrid counterparts. The power‐conversion efficiency has reached 17.06% and the number of important publications is ever increasing. Here, the progress of inorganic perovskites is systematically highlighted, covering materials design, preparation of high‐quality perovskite films, and avoidance of phase instabilities. Inorganic perovskites, nanocrystals, quantum dots, and lead‐free compounds are discussed and the corresponding device performances are reviewed, which have been realized on both rigid and flexible substrates. Methods for stabilization of the cubic phase of low‐bandgap inorganic perovskites are emphasized, which is a prerequisite for highly efficient and stable solar cells. In addition, energy loss mechanisms both in the bulk of the perovskite and at the interfaces of perovskite and charge selective layers are unraveled. Reported approaches to reduce these charge‐carrier recombination losses are summarized and complemented by methods proposed from our side. Finally, the potential of inorganic perovskites as stable absorbers is assessed, which opens up new perspectives toward the commercialization of inorganic perovskite solar cells.
Chemically Tuned p‐ and n‐Type WSe2 Monolayers with High Carrier Mobility for Advanced Electronics
Authors: Ji Hyun Goo , Solís‐Fernández Pablo , Yoshimura Daisuke , Maruyama Mina , Endo Takahiko , Miyata Yasumitsu , Okada Susumu , Ago Hiroki 
Published: September 2019

AbstractMonolayers of transition metal dichalcogenides (TMDCs) have attracted a great interest for post‐silicon electronics and photonics due to their high carrier mobility, tunable bandgap, and atom‐thick 2D structure. With the analogy to conventional silicon electronics, establishing a method to convert TMDC to p‐ and n‐type semiconductors is essential for various device applications, such as complementary metal‐oxide‐semiconductor (CMOS) circuits and photovoltaics. Here, a successful control of the electrical polarity of monolayer WSe2 is demonstrated by chemical doping. Two different molecules, 4‐nitrobenzenediazonium tetrafluoroborate and diethylenetriamine, are utilized to convert ambipolar WSe2 field‐effect transistors (FETs) to p‐ and n‐type, respectively. Moreover, the chemically doped WSe2 show increased effective carrier mobilities of 82 and 25 cm2 V−1s−1 for holes and electrons, respectively, which are much higher than those of the pristine WSe2. The doping effects are studied by photoluminescence, Raman, X‐ray photoelectron spectroscopy, and density functional theory. Chemically tuned WSe2 FETs are integrated into CMOS inverters, exhibiting extremely low power consumption (≈0.17 nW). Furthermore, a p‐n junction within single WSe2 grain is realized via spatially controlled chemical doping. The chemical doping method for controlling the transport properties of WSe2 will contribute to the development of TMDC‐based advanced electronics.
Metal–Organic Frameworks‐Derived Tunnel Structured Co3(PO4)2@C as Cathode for New Generation High‐Performance Al‐Ion Batteries
Authors: Li Caixia , Dong Shihua , Wang Peng , Wang Chengxiang , Yin Longwei 
Published: September 2019

AbstractDespite great progress in aluminum ion batteries (AIBs), the commercialization and performance improvement of AIBs‐based carbon cathodes is greatly impeded by sluggish intercalation/extraction and redox kinetics due to large‐sized AlCl4− anions. Phosphates with tunnel channels and much larger d‐spacing than the radius of Al3+ could be an alternative candidate as a cathode for potential high‐performance AIBs. Herein, elaborately designed porous tunnel structured Co3(PO4)2@C composites derived from ZIF‐67 as AIBs cathodes are demonstrated, showing increased active sites, high ionic mobility, and high Al3+ ion diffusion coefficient, leading to remarkably enhanced discharge–charge redox reaction kinetics. Furthermore, the carbon shell and porous structure performs as armor to alleviate volume change and maintain the structure integrity of the cathodes. As expected, the rationally constructed Co3(PO4)2@C composite exhibits a superior capacity of 111 mA h g−1 at a high current density of 6 A g−1 and 151 mA h g−1 at 2 A g−1 after 500 cycles with capacity decay of 0.02% per cycle. This innovative strategy could be a big step forward for long‐term cycle stable AIBs and reveals significant insights into the redox reaction mechanism for high‐performance AIBs based on Al3+ rather than large‐sized AlCl4−.
A life history approach to prenatal supplementation: Building a bridge from biological anthropology to public health and nutrition
Authors: Reiches Meredith W. 
Published: September 2019

AbstractWhile prenatal supplementation with protein, lipids, carbohydrates, and micronutrients has been used to improve infant outcomes in undernourished populations since the 1960s with inconsistent results, a flourishing body of literature within biological anthropology has used life history theory to explain why supplemental resources are often allocated to maternal survival and future reproduction and not to the current offspring. To date, however, public health and nutrition researchers have not adopted evolutionary perspectives in designing or analyzing prenatal supplementation studies. The result is a long series of supplementation trials with unpredictable and often disappointing outcomes for women and children, as well as serious lacunae in the understanding of long‐term consequences of supplementation for women. The goal of this article is to open a tactical conversation about how to build a bridge between the evolutionary logic of biological anthropology and the evidentiary standards and methods of public health and nutrition with the aim of advancing knowledge about reproductive and metabolic physiology and improving women's health over the life course. The article reviews recent prenatal supplementation studies and proposes programmatic strategies by which biological anthropologists and public health and nutrition workers may collaborate to define different conditions of prenatal supplement resource allocation and to target more effective interventions.
Dearomative Dual Functionalization of Aryl Iodanes
Authors: Zhao Weizhao , Huang Xin , Zhan Yaling , Zhang Qifeng , Li Dongyang , Zhang Yage , Kong Lichun , Peng Bo 
Published: September 2019

AbstractHerein we describe the dearomatization of aryl iodanes through an unprecedented “rearrangement/addition” sequence. The process consists of two stages. First, a rapid [3,3] sigmatropic rearrangement of the aryl iodane with an α‐stannyl nitrile affords a highly electrophilic dearomatized intermediate at −78 °C. A low‐temperature rearrangement then enables the unstable dearomatized species to be trapped in situ with various nucleophiles. As a consequence, the reaction not only breaks the aromaticity of the aryl iodane but also sequentially installs two different functional groups, thus resulting in a polysubstituted alicyclic product.
Tricoordinate Nontrigonal Pnictogen‐Centered Radical Anions: Isolation, Characterization, and Reactivity
Authors: Mondal Manas Kumar , Zhang Li , Feng Zhongtao , Tang Shuxuan , Feng Rui , Zhao Yue , Tan Gengwen , Ruan Huapeng , Wang Xinping 
Published: September 2019

AbstractThe search for main‐group element‐based radicals is one of the main research topics in contemporary chemistry because of their fascinating chemical and physical properties. The Group 15 element‐centered radicals mainly feature a V‐shaped two coordinate structure, with a couple of radical cations featuring trigonal tricoordinated geometry. Now, nontrigonal compounds R3E (E=P, As, Sb) were successfully synthesized by introducing a new rigid tris‐amide ligand. The selective one‐electron reduction of R3E afforded the first stable tricoordinate pnictogen‐centered radical anion salts; the pnictogen atoms retain planar T‐shaped structures. EPR spectroscopy and calculations reveal that the spin density mainly resides at the p orbitals of the pnictogen atoms, which is perpendicular to the N3E planes.
Luciferase‐Induced Photouncaging: Bioluminolysis
Authors: Chang Dalu , Lindberg Eric , Feng Suihan , Angerani Simona , Riezman Howard , Winssinger Nicolas 
Published: September 2019

AbstractBioluminescence resonance energy transfer (BRET) has been widely used for studying dynamic processes in biological systems such as protein–protein interactions and other signaling events. Aside from acting as a reporter, BRET can also turn on functions in living systems. Herein, we report the application of BRET to performing a biorthogonal reaction in living cells; namely, releasing functional molecules through energy transfer to a coumarin molecule, a process termed bioluminolysis. An efficient BRET from Nanoluc‐Halotag chimera protein (H‐Luc) to a coumarin substrate yields the excited state of coumarin, which in turn triggers hydrolysis to uncage a target molecule. Compared to the conventional methods, this novel uncaging system requires no external light source and shows fast kinetics (t1/2<2 min). We applied this BRET uncaging system to release a potent kinase inhibitor, ibrutinib, in living cells, highlighting its broad utility in controlling the supply of bioactive small molecules in vivo.
Concise Access to the Skeleton of Protoilludane Sesquiterpenes through a Photochemical Reaction Cascade: Total Synthesis of Atlanticone C
Authors: Zech Andreas , Jandl Christian , Bach Thorsten 
Published: September 2019

AbstractIn a single photochemical operation (λ≥350 nm) an easily accessible indanone derivative was converted into a structurally complex precursor of the protoilludane sesquiterpenes. The product (60 % yield) contains all 15 carbon atoms of the skeleton in the required connectivity and was transformed into the natural product atlanticone C (9 steps, 6 % overall yield). In addition, it was shown that other protoilludanes, such as Δ6‐protoilludene and paesslerin A, can be prepared in a concise fashion via the photochemical key intermediate. The photochemical reaction cascade comprises an ortho photocycloaddition, a thermal disrotatory ring opening and a regioselective disrotatory [4π] photocyclization.
A Metal–Organic Framework Thin Film for Selective Mg2+ Transport
Authors: Luo Jingru , Li Yang , Zhang Haochuan , Wang Ailun , Lo Wei‐Shang , Dong Qi , Wong Nicholas , Povinelli Christopher , Shao Yucai , Chereddy Sumanth , Wunder Stephanie , Mohanty Udayan , Tsung Chia‐Kuang , Wang Dunwei 
Published: September 2019

AbstractThe incompatibility between the anode and the cathode chemistry limits the used of Mg as an anode. This issue may be addressed by separating the anolyte and the catholyte with a membrane that only allows for Mg2+ transport. Mg‐MOF‐74 thin films were used as the separator for this purpose. It was shown to meet the needs of low‐resistance, selective Mg2+ transport. The uniform MOF thin films supported on Au substrate with thicknesses down to ca. 202 nm showed an intrinsic resistance as low as 6.4 Ω cm2, with the normalized room‐temperature ionic conductivity of ca. 3.17×10−6 S cm−1. When synthesized directly onto a porous anodized aluminum oxide (AAO) support, the resulting films were used as a standalone membrane to permit stable, low‐overpotential Mg striping and plating for over 100 cycles at a current density of 0.05 mA cm−2. The film was effective in blocking solvent molecules and counterions from crossing over for extended period of time.
Arene‐Free Ruthenium(II/IV)‐Catalyzed Bifurcated Arylation for Oxidative C−H/C−H Functionalizations
Authors: Rogge Torben , Ackermann Lutz 
Published: September 2019

AbstractExperimental and computational studies provide detailed insight into the selectivity‐ and reactivity‐controlling factors in bifurcated ruthenium‐catalyzed direct C−H arylations and dehydrogenative C−H/C−H functionalizations. Thorough investigations revealed the importance of arene‐ligand‐free complexes for the formation of biscyclometalated intermediates within a ruthenium(II/IV/II) mechanistic manifold.
Emerging therapeutic potentials of dual‐acting MAO and AChE inhibitors in Alzheimer's and Parkinson's diseases
Authors: Mathew Bijo , Parambi Della G. T. , Mathew Githa E. , Uddin Md. Sahab , Inasu Sini T. , Kim Hoon , Marathakam Akash , Unnikrishnan Mazhuvancherry Kesavan , Carradori Simone 
Published: September 2019

AbstractNo drug has been approved to prevent neuronal cell loss in patients suffering from Parkinson's disease (PD) or Alzheimer's disease (AD); despite increased comprehension of the underlying molecular causes, therapies target cognitive functional improvement and motor fluctuation control. Drug design strategies that adopt the “one protein, one target” philosophy fail to address the multifactorial aetiologies of neurodegenerative disorders such as AD and PD optimally. On the contrary, restoring neurotransmitter levels by combined combinatorial inhibition of cholinesterases, monoamine oxidases, and adenosine A2AA receptors, in conjunction with strategies to counter oxidative stress and beta‐amyloid plaque accumulation, would constitute a therapeutically robust, multitarget approach. This extensive review delineates the therapeutic advantages of combining dual‐acting molecules that inhibit monoamine oxidases and cholinesterases and/or adenosine A2AA receptors, and describes the structure–activity relationships of compound classes that include, but are not limited to, alkaloids, coumarins, chalcones, donepezil–propargylamine conjugates, homoisoflavonoids, resveratrol analogs, hydrazones, and pyrazolines. In the wake of recent advances in network biology, in silico approaches, and omics, this review emphasizes the need to consider conceptually informed research strategies for drug discovery, in the context of the mounting burden posed by chronic neurodegenerative diseases with complex aetiologies and pathophysiologies involving multiple signalling pathways and numerous drug targets.
Acoustic Emission in der Bauwerksüberwachung zur Feststellung von Spannstahlbrüchen
Authors: Sodeikat Christian , Groschup Robin , Knab Franz , Obermeier Philipp 
Published: September 2019

AbstractDie Schallemissionsmessung Acoustic Emission (AE) ist ein Messverfahren, welches in der Materialforschung, in der Materialprüfung im Labor und in der Dauerüberwachung im Anlagen‐ und Maschinenbau seit Jahrzehnten erfolgreich eingesetzt wird. Im Bauwesen stellt die AE noch kein etabliertes bzw. übliches Messverfahren dar, auch wenn die Tauglichkeit des Verfahrens zur Detektion von Schadensereignissen in der Praxis mehrfach bewiesen wurde. In Deutschland unterliegen derzeit mehrere Brücken einer Dauerüberwachung, bei der AE einen wichtigen Baustein darstellt, um Veränderungen des Tragverhaltens bzw. eine zunehmende Schädigung in Form von Spannstahlbrüchen oder Schweißnahtrissen zu erfassen, z. B. [1]. AE zur Detektion von Spannstahlbrüchen empfiehlt sich bei Bauwerken mit spannungsrisskorrosionsempfindlichen Spannstählen, anderweitig korrosions‐ bzw. rissgefährdeten Spannstählen oder auch bei Neubauten, bei denen die Anforderungen an Bauwerksprüfungen nach DIN 1076 oder RIL 804 nicht eingehalten werden können. In diesem Beitrag werden Beispiele für AE‐Monitoring zur Spannstahlbruchdetektion an verschiedenen Bauwerken vorgestellt. Ferner werden Ergebnisse zu gezielt herbeigeführten Spannstahlbrüchen und Schlagbeanspruchung an Bauwerken und an Testkörpern dargestellt, ergänzt um zwei numerische Simulationen der Wellenausbreitung.
Impacts of intentional mycoplasma contamination on CHO cell bioreactor cultures
Authors: Fratz‐Berilla Erica J. , Faison Talia , Kohnhorst Casey L. , Velugula‐Yellela Sai Rashmika , Powers David N. , Brorson Kurt , Agarabi Cyrus 
Published: September 2019

AbstractMycoplasma contamination events in biomanufacturing facilities can result in loss of production and costly cleanups. Mycoplasma may survive in mammalian cell cultures with only subtle changes to the culture and may penetrate the 0.2 µm filters often used in the primary clarification of harvested cell culture fluid. Culture cell‐based and indicator cell‐based assays that are used to detect mycoplasma are highly sensitive but can take up to 28 days to complete and cannot be used for real‐time decision making during the biomanufacturing process. To support real‐time measurements of mycoplasma contamination, there is a push to explore nucleic acid testing. However, cell‐based methods measure growth or colony forming units and nucleic acid testing measures genome copy number; this has led to ambiguity regarding how to compare the sensitivity of the methods. In addition, the high risk of conducting experiments wherein one deliberately spikes mycoplasma into bioreactors has dissuaded commercial groups from performing studies to explore the multiple variables associated with the upstream effects of a mycoplasma contamination in a manufacturing setting. Here we studied the ability of Mycoplasma arginini to persist in a single‐use, perfusion rocking bioreactor system containing a Chinese hamster ovary (CHO) DG44 cell line expressing a model monoclonal immunoglobulin G1 (IgG1) antibody. We examined M. arginini growth and detection by culture methods, as well as the effects of M. arginini on mammalian cell health, metabolism, and productivity. We compared process parameters and controls normally measured in bioreactors including dissolved oxygen, gas mix, and base addition to maintain pH, to examine parameter changes as potential indicators of contamination. Our work showed that M. arginini affects CHO cell growth profile, viability, nutrient consumption, oxygen use, and waste production at varying timepoints after M. arginini introduction to the culture. Importantly, how the M. arginini contamination impacts the CHO cells is influenced by the concentration of CHO cells and rate of perfusion at the time of M. arginini spike. Careful evaluation of dissolved oxygen, pH control parameters, ammonia, and arginine over time may be used to indicate mycoplasma contamination in CHO cell cultures in a bioreactor before a read‐out from a traditional method.
Impaired empathy but no theory of mind deficits in adult attention deficit hyperactivity disorder
Authors: Abdel‐Hamid Mona , Niklewski Franziska , Heßmann Philipp , Guberina Nika , Kownatka Melanie , Kraemer Markus , Scherbaum Norbert , Dziobek Isabel , Bartels Claudia , Wiltfang Jens , Kis Bernhard 
Published: September 2019

AbstractObjectiveThe cognitive capacity to change perspective is referred to as theory of mind (ToM). ToM deficits are detectable in a variety of psychiatric and neurological disorders. Since executive abilities are closely associated with ToM skills, we suspected that due to a common neuropsychological basis, ToM deficits exist in treatment‐naïve adults with attention‐deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD).MethodsPerformance of treatment‐naïve adults with ADHD (N = 30) in tasks assessing executive functions (Trail Making Test, Stroop color–word test, and Test Battery for Attentional Performance), empathy skills (Cambridge Behaviour Scale), and ToM (Movie for Assessment of Social Cognition) was compared with that of a healthy control group (N = 30) matched according to basic demographic variables.ResultsCompared to healthy controls, treatment‐naïve adults with ADHD showed deficits in various executive functions and the ability to empathize (all p < .05). However, no performance differences were found with regard to ToM (all n.s.).ConclusionsSince studies in juveniles with ADHD often show impaired ToM performance, it is conceivable that ToM deficits may become attenuated due to neuronal development in adolescence. Furthermore, our findings imply that ToM impairments, even when present in adult ADHD, appear to be independent of executive deficits and might be explained by comorbid disorders.
The initial U.S. experience with the Tempo active fixation temporary pacing lead in structural heart interventions
Authors: Nazif Tamim M. , Chen Shmuel , Codner Pablo , Grossman Paul M. , Menees Daniel S. , Sanchez Carlos E. , Yakubov Steven J. , White Jonathan , Kapadia Samir , Whisenant Brian K. , Forrest John K. , Krishnaswamy Amar , Arshi Arash , Orford James L. , Leon Martin B. , Dizon José M. , Kodali Susheel K. , Chetcuti Stanley J. 
Published: September 2019

AbstractObjectivesThis multicenter retrospective study of the initial U.S. experience evaluated the safety and efficacy of temporary cardiac pacing with the Tempo® Temporary Pacing Lead.BackgroundDespite increasing use of temporary cardiac pacing with the rapid growth of structural heart procedures, temporary pacing leads have not significantly improved. The Tempo lead is a new temporary pacing lead with a soft tip intended to minimize the risk of perforation and a novel active fixation mechanism designed to enhance lead stability.MethodsData from 269 consecutive structural heart procedures were collected. Outcomes included device safety (absence of clinically significant cardiac perforation, new pericardial effusion, or sustained ventricular arrhythmia) and efficacy (clinically acceptable pacing thresholds with successful pace capture throughout the index procedure). Postprocedure practices and sustained lead performance were also analyzed.ResultsThe Tempo lead was successfully positioned in the right ventricle and achieved pacing in 264 of 269 patients (98.1%). Two patients (0.8%) experienced loss of pace capture. Procedural mean pace capture threshold (PCT) was 0.7 ± 0.8 mA. There were no clinically significant perforations, pericardial effusions, or sustained device‐related arrhythmias. The Tempo lead was left in place postprocedure in 189 patients (71.6%) for mean duration of 43.3 ± 0.7 hr (range 2.5–221.3 hr) with final PCT of 0.84 ± 1.04 mA (n = 80). Of these patients, 84.1% mobilized out of bed with no lead dislodgment.ConclusionThe Tempo lead is safe and effective for temporary cardiac pacing for structural heart procedures, provides stable peri and postprocedural pacing and allows mobilization of patients who require temporary pacing leads.