bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Did capital replace labor? New evidence from offshoring
Authors: Choi Paul Moon Sub , Kim Kee Beom , Seo Jinyoung 
Published: September 2018

Abstract
Neoclassical theory explains the global decline of the labor income share by capital-labor substitution due to the affordable relative price of capital. Based on the Morishima elasticities of substitution among capital, labor disaggregated into high-, medium-, and low-skill groups, and imported and domestic intermediate inputs, offshoring appears to disproportionately affect job polarization globally and in developed economies. These findings in favor of the globalization hypothesis are buttressed by multivariate panel regressions. Lastly, offshoring might reinforce technological changes, a double-edged sword that can boost productivity growth but exacerbate wage inequality.
A novel method for site-specific chemical SUMOylation: SUMOylation of Hsp90 modulates co-chaperone binding in vitro
Authors: Wolmarans Annemarie , Kwantes Allison , LaPointe Paul 
Published: September 2018

Abstract
SUMO is covalently attached to lysine side chains in target proteins by the action of a cascade of E1, E2, and E3 ligases. Unlike ubiquitin, SUMO does not target proteins for degradation but rather plays a regulatory role in activating target proteins or directing them to multiprotein complexes. Isolating SUMOylated proteins from native sources is challenging because of the low stoichiometry of SUMOylation that occurs for any given target protein in cells. Here we report a novel strategy to couple SUMO to the site of a target lysine for the purpose of in vitro study. Introduction of a single cysteine after the C terminal diglycine motif and a cysteine in place of a target lysine in a substrate protein allows for efficient and specific crosslinking of SUMO using a homo-bifunctional maleimide crosslinker. We demonstrate that SUMO can be crosslinked in this manner to amino acid position 178 in the dimeric molecular chaperone, Hsp90. Chemically SUMOylated Hsp90 has very similar ATPase activity compared to unmodified Hsp90 but displays preferential co-chaperone binding in vivo. Our novel strategy can easily be applied to other SUMOylated or ubiquitinated target protein in vitro.
Selectivity Analysis for Networks Comprising Consecutive Reactions of Second and First Order
Authors: Murzin Dmitry Yu. , Simakova Irina L. , Wärnå Johan 
Published: September 2018

Abstract
Coupling of second and first order reactions in one pot fashion through a cascade process is an often encountered process. Consecutive reactions of this type are considered and selectivity analysis is performed demonstrating dependence of selectivity pattern on reaction parameters.
Noteworthy records and ecological niche modeling of the rare and endangered Goldman’s diminutive woodratNelsonia goldmani(Rodentia: Cricetidae) endemic to central Mexican highlands
Authors: León-Tapia M. Ángel , Cervantes Fernando A. 
Published: September 2018

AbstractNelsonia goldmaniis an uncommon rodent, endemic to highland microhabitats in central Mexico. Few individuals have been reported in scarce localities after being discovered in 1903 resulting in a lack of knowledge about its geographic distribution and actual presence in its habitat; such situation makes this species of national interest priority for conservation. Therefore, the aim of this study was to summarize collecting records, confirm the presence of this species in the field and estimate its ecological niche. We searched specimens in biological collections, carried out an ecological niche modeling (ENM) analysis and looked for individuals ofN. goldmaniin the field over a 2-year period. Our results identified only 43 specimens in biological collections, whose collecting localities had not been reported previously. The ENM analysis showed that the environmental suitability areas for this species are restricted and isolated with an apparent lack of environmental connectivity. Regarding fieldwork, we collected only five individuals in two localities. The possible environmental specificity and the lack of sampling focused on specific microhabitats could explain the low detection of the species thus far. Further research is needed to plan conservation actions to protect its populations.
Photonic welding points for arbitrary on-chip optical interconnects
Authors: Yu Zejie , Ma Yang , Sun Xiankai 
Published: September 2018

Abstract
Photonic integrated circuits (PICs) are an ideal platform for chip-scale computation and communication. To date, the integration density remains an outstanding problem that limits the further development of PIC-based photonic networks. Achieving low-loss waveguide routing with arbitrary configuration is crucial for both classical and quantum photonic applications. To manipulate light flows on a chip, the conventional wisdom relies on waveguide bends of large bending radii and adiabatic mode converters to avoid insertion losses from radiation leakage and modal mismatch, respectively. However, those structures usually occupy large footprints and thus reduce the integration density. To overcome this difficulty, this work presents a fundamentally new approach to turn light flows arbitrarily within an ultracompact footprint. A type of “photonic welding points” joining two waveguides of an arbitrary intersecting angle has been proposed and experimentally demonstrated. These devices with a footprint of less than 4 μm2 can operate in the telecommunication band over a bandwidth of at least 140 nm with an insertion loss of less than 0.5 dB. Their fabrication is compatible with photonic foundry processes and does not introduce additional steps beyond those needed for the waveguides. Therefore, they are suitable for the mass production of PICs and will enhance the integration density to the next level.
Genome as (hyper)text: From metaphor to theory
Authors: Zolyan Suren T. , Zhdanov Renad I. 
Published: September 2018

AbstractThe similarity between language and genetic information transmission processing has been recognized since molecular genetics was founded. Numerous attempts have been made to use linguistics techniques to decipher protein genes. The modest informational impact of various approaches to decoding the “protein language” was predictable: this type of technique is limited by the processes of encoding and at best helps compile a dictionary of units. However, this technique cannot describe a language and identify the semantic and textual structures that are decisive for communication. Thus, the functions of a large amount of non-coding DNA remain unclear. A text (but not a sign) should be regarded as an artefact of the creation, transmission, conservation and transformation of information. A general theory of text should be capable of describing linguistic texts and the process of their structuring, functioning and transformation. It should also be able to represent the biochemical structure of a genome as a hypertext that consists of an ordered subset of other texts. A text can be considered to be a quasi-organism that possesses memory, creative-cognitive characteristics and communicative force, and a cell can be considered as a quasi-intelligence capable of manipulating abstract semiotic entities. Such an approach requires the construction of a new, multimodal, and text-oriented version of semiotics (next-generation semiotics), in which text and context are the basic concepts and signs and meanings are considered to be context-dependent variables and, simultaneously, context-forming operators.
Muscle relaxant activities of pistagremic acid isolated from Pistacia integerrima
Authors: Rauf Abdur , Bawazeer Saud , Uddin Ghias , Siddiqui Bina S. , Khan Haroon , Ben Hadda Taibi , Mabkhot Yahia Nasser , Shaheen Usama , Ramadan Mohamed Fawzy 
Published: September 2018

Abstract
The aim of the current work was to explore the muscle relaxant effect of pistagremic acid (PA) isolated from Pistacia integerrima in various animal paradigms. In a rotarod test, PA caused a significant (p<0.05) muscle relaxant potential in a dose-dependent manner. When studied in the inclined plane test, pretreatment with PA (5 and 10 mg/kg) caused promising activity (p<0.05) after treatment for 30, 60 and 90 min. The muscle relaxant potential of PA was strongly complimented by the traction and chimney tests, showing a dominant effect after 60 min of treatment. In conclusion, PA possesses strong muscle relaxant activity in various animal-based models.
Relationships and Reliability Between a Drive Block Test and Traditional Football Performance Tests in High School Offensive Line Players
Authors: Collins Kyle S. , Coburn Jared W. , Galpin Andrew J. , Lockie Robert G. 
Published: September 2018

Abstract
Collins, KS, Coburn, JW, Galpin, AJ, and Lockie, RG. Relationships and reliability between a drive block test and traditional football performance tests in high school offensive line players. J Strength Cond Res 32(12): 3432–3441, 2018—The offensive line (OL) is a specialized football position responsible for blocking tasks. Little research exists on OL-specific movements and relationships to performance tests in high school players. This study investigated the reliability of the average and peak velocity (avgV, peakV) and momentum (avgM, peakM) of a drive block test (DBT) in 15 high school OL and relationships to performance tests. A linear position transducer attached to the OL waist measured the DBT from a 3-point stance into a blocking pad. Linear speed was measured by a 36.58-m sprint. Change-of-direction (COD) ability was measured by the pro-agility shuttle (first COD, second COD, and total time) and COD deficit from the first (COD deficit 1) and second COD (COD deficit 2) of the pro-agility shuttle. Vertical jump, standing broad jump (SBJ), and 1 repetition maximum (1RM) back squat were also measured. Pearson's correlations (p < 0.05) investigated relationships between the DBT and performance tests. Intraclass correlation coefficients (ICCs), dependent t-tests, and coefficient of variation (CV) assessed DBT reliability. Drive block test variables were reliable (ICC > 0.90; CV = 6.46–8.29%) and correlated with the second pro-agility shuttle COD and COD deficit 2 (r = −0.515 to −0.721). One repetition maximum back squat correlated with avgM and peakM (r = 0.551–0.582); SBJ correlated with avgV and peakV (r = 0.557–0.571). The pro-agility shuttle splits, COD deficit, and SBJ may provide useful information about DBT qualities important for high school OL. It is recommended high school OL training focus on strength, COD performance, and jumping ability to aid drive block performance.
Pre-exhaustion Exercise Differentially Influences Neuromuscular Fatigue Based on Habitual Physical Activity History
Authors: Harlan Kenneth G. , Merucci Roberto B. , Weaver Jalen J. , Windle Thomas C. , Malek Moh H. 
Published: September 2018

Abstract
Harlan, KG, Merucci, RB, Weaver, JJ, Windle, TC, and Malek, MH. Pre-exhaustion exercise differentially influences neuromuscular fatigue based on habitual physical activity history. J Strength Cond Res 35(3): 739–745, 2021—Although there is anecdotal evidence of a potential physiological benefit of pre-exhaustion exercise to enhance muscular recruitment, few studies have systematically examined the effect on neuromuscular activity. Moreover, a subject's habitual physical activity history may, in part, contribute to the muscle's response on a subsequent workbout after a single pre-exhaustion workbout. To date, no studies have examined the effect of pre-exhaustion exercise on the electromyographic fatigue threshold (EMGFT). The purpose of this study, therefore, is to determine whether pre-exhaustion exercise influences the EMGFT. Specifically, we were interested in determining whether or not there is a dichotomous response to pre-exhaustion exercise based on the individual's habitual physical activity history. Thus, we hypothesized that healthy active subjects would have reduced EMGFT values, whereas elite runners would have increased EMGFT values as a result of the pre-exhaustion exercise. Eight healthy college-aged men (mean ± SEM, age = 24.5 ± 0.3 years; body mass = 83.1 ± 3.0 kg; and height = 1.80 ± 0.02 m) and 9 elite runners (mean ± SEM, age = 23.4 ± 0.7 years; body mass = 70.3 ± 2.7 kg; and height = 1.79 ± 0.03 m) participated in current study. Each subject visited the laboratory on 2 occasions separated by 7 days and performed the single-leg knee-extensor ergometry test. For one of the visits, the subjects performed the Thorstensson test (50 continuous, concentric knee extensions) before the single-leg knee-extensor ergometry. The EMGFT was measured on both visits for all subjects. For healthy subjects, we found that the EMGFT was significantly reduced after performing the 50 isokinetic knee extensions (control: 27 ± 6 W vs. Thorstensson: 21 ± 6.0 W; p = 0.001), whereas for elite runners, there was no significant mean differences between the 2 visits (control: 38 ± 3 W vs. Thorstensson: 39 ± 2 W; p = 0.813). These results suggest that 50 repetition of isokinetic muscle action, as a method of pre-exhausting the quadriceps femoris muscles, may be influenced by the subject's habitual exercise history.
Muscle Activation During Power-Oriented Resistance Training: Continuous vs. Cluster Set Configurations
Authors: Morales-Artacho Antonio J. , García-Ramos Amador , Pérez-Castilla Alejandro , Padial Paulino , Gomez Angel M. , Peinado Antonio M. , Pérez-Córdoba Jose L. , Feriche Belén 
Published: September 2018

Abstract
Morales-Artacho, AJ, García-Ramos, A, Pérez-Castilla, A, Padial, P, Gomez, AM, Peinado, AM, Pérez-Córdoba, JL, and Feriche, B. Muscle activation during power-oriented resistance training: continuous vs. cluster set configurations. J Strength Cond Res 33(7S): S95–S102, 2019—This study examined performance and electromyography (EMG) changes during a power training protocol comprising continuous or clustered set configurations. Eighteen active males completed 6 sets of 6 repetitions during the loaded (20% 1 repetition maximum) countermovement jump (CMJ) exercise, continuously (n = 9) or with a 30-second pause every 2 repetitions (cluster; n = 9). Power output, vastus lateralis (VL), vastus medialis (VM), and rectus femoris (RF) EMG were recorded during all CMJs. Relative changes from the first repetition were assessed on the EMG root mean square (RMS), median frequency (Fmed), and a low- to high-frequency ratio index of fatigue (FInsmk). Greater power output decrements were observed during the continuous set configuration (p = 0.001,

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< 0.01). Greater RMS increments in VL (6.8 ± 11.3 vs. −1.7 ± 5.8%) and RF (9.3 ± 14.2 vs. 1.9 ± 6.9%), but not VM (2.0 ± 4.7 vs. 2.6 ± 7.3%), were also observed in the continuous compared with the cluster sets (p = 0.033,

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= 0.06). Progressive decrements in Fmed and increments in FInsmk were observed across repetitions in both set configurations. In conclusion, although clustering sets between repetitions clearly maintained power output, mixed responses were observed on the examined EMG parameters.
Use of Functional Movement Screen Scores to Predict Dynamic Balance in Physically Active Men and Women
Authors: Scudamore Eric M. , Stevens Sandra L. , Fuller Dana K. , Coons John M. , Morgan Don W. 
Published: September 2018

Abstract
Scudamore, EM, Stevens, SL, Fuller, DK, Coons, JM, and Morgan, DW. Use of functional movement screen scores to predict dynamic balance in physically active men and women. J Strength Cond Res 33(7): 1848–1854, 2019—The primary focus of this study was to determine whether scores obtained from the Functional Movement Screen (FMS) can predict dynamic balance in young, healthy adults. Thirty-four physically active participants completed the FMS, and balance was assessed using measures of composite reach (CR) distance and overall stability indices (OSI) derived from Y Balance and Biodex Balance System testing, respectively. Results indicated that higher overall FMS scores were associated with better CR and OSI, and participants with FMS composite scores greater than 14 exhibited better CR compared to those with composite scores less than or equal to 14. In addition, lasso penalized regression demonstrated that (a) scores of 2 on the deep squat and 3 on the trunk stability push-up movements predicted a greater CR and (b) higher shoulder mobility scores and a rotary stability score of 3 predicted better OSI. We conclude that dynamic balance in young, active men and women can be predicted by specific FMS item scores.
Body Composition Variables by Sport and Sport-Position in Elite Collegiate Athletes
Authors: Fields Jennifer B. , Merrigan Justin J. , White Jason B. , Jones Margaret T. 
Published: September 2018

Abstract
Fields, JB, Merrigan, JJ, White, JB, and Jones, MT. Body composition variables by sport and sport-position in elite collegiate athletes. J Strength Cond Res 32(11): 3153–3159, 2018—To assess body composition measures by sport and sport-position. Elite collegiate athletes participated (n = 475): men's and women's soccer (MSOC, n = 67; WSOC, n = 110); men's and women's swimming (MSWIM, n = 26; WSWIM, n = 22); men's and women's track and field (MTF, n = 29; WTF, n = 24); women's lacrosse and volleyball (WLAX, n = 84; WVB, n = 73); and baseball (BASE, n = 40). One-way analysis of variances assessed differences across sport and sport-position. Post hoc analysis was Tukey honestly significant difference (p ≤ 0.05). For men, BASE and MSWIM had the highest body fat percentage (BF%) (BASE: 16.3 ± 5.2%; MSWIM: 14.2 ± 3.5%). MSOC (11.5 ± 5.3%, 0.13 ± 0.72 kg) and MTF (9.8 ± 5.1%, 0.11 ± 0.08 kg) had the lowest BF% and fat mass (FM)-to-fat-free mass (FFM) ratio (FM:FFM). Fat mass did not differ between MSOC (9.1 ± 4.9 kg), MTF (7.7 ± 5.9 kg), and MSWIM (11.1 ± 3.1 kg). Fat mass for MSOC and MTF was lower than BASE (14.1 ± 5.2). For women, WVB displayed the highest BF% (25.4 ± 5.1%), FM (18.5 ± 5.2 kg), FFM (53.3 ± 5.1 kg), and body mass (BM) (71.8 ± 8.4 kg), but did not differ from WSWIM in BF%, FM, FFM, and BM. WTF had the lowest BF% (12.9 ± 4.0%), FM (7.5 ± 2.5 kg), BM (58.2 ± 4.4 kg), and FM:FFM (0.15 ± 0.05 kg). VB had the highest FFM (53.3 ± 5.1 kg). Body composition differences were observed between sport-positions (p < 0.01). Body composition differed across sport and sport-position, which may be attributed to sport-specific physiological demands.
Energy Investigation in Serpentine Heat Exchanger Using Aluminum Oxide Nanofluid on Solar Photovoltaic/Thermal System
Authors: Ramadass Geetha , Vijayalakshmi M. M. , Natarajan E. 
Published: September 2018

Abstract
A solar photovoltaic thermal system (SPV/T) is a hybrid technology that produces electrical power and thermal energy simultaneously with better overall performance. The objective of this study is to evaluate the effects of utilizing a nanofluid as one of the coolants in the performance of an SPV/T system. The working fluids considered in this evaluation of the system are pure water and aluminum oxide (Al2O3) nanoparticles of φ = 0.1 % and 0.2 % concentration in (w/v)%, mixed in milli-Q water as the base fluid. The study focuses on the heat transfer characteristics of working fluids through a serpentine flow copper tube heat exchanger in comparison with water. This experimental setup consists of an SPV/T system with 100 W capacity and a collector area of 0.914622 m2. For the flow supplied by the pump to the SPV/T system for the nanofluids with φ = 0.1 % and 0.2 % and water at mass flow rates of 0.015, 0.0133, and 0.0117 kg/s, the electrical (PV) efficiency for water was between 10.82 % and 11.06 %—for Al2O3 0.1 %, 12.19 %–13.13 %, and for Al2O3 0.2 %, 12.47 %–13.41 %. The thermal efficiency for water was between 53.61 % and 54.07 %; for Al2O3 0.1 %, it was 69.45 %–69.67 %, and for Al2O3 0.2 %, it was 70.76 %–71.02 %, respectively.
Superpave Design Aggregate Structure Considering Uncertainty: II. Evaluation of Trial Blends
Authors: Easa Said M. 
Published: September 2018

Abstract
The current evaluation of Superpave design aggregate structure is deterministic. The design involves evaluation of selected trial blends based on volumetric, compaction, and dust proportion requirements. This article incorporates the uncertainties of all 17 variables involved in the process, measured by the coefficient of variation (CV), and develops a revised procedure for comparing mixture properties with the performance-based criteria. The uncertainties of eight measured properties are propagated through the calculation and make the uncertainty of some variables very large. Issues related to the reliability of some variables (CV &gt; 25 %) are discussed and criteria to resolve them are established. The developed mathematical formulas of uncertainty were verified using Monte Carlo simulation. The results show that the potentially unreliable variables are as follows: volume of absorbed asphalt, percentage of absorbed asphalt, and percent voids in total mix at the design compaction level. A tool is provided to help the designer trace the uncertainty of the unreliable variables back to the measured properties so that their precisions may be revised. The current National Cooperative Highway Research Program–recommended precisions for specific gravities were found to be generally satisfactory. However, further research should continue to improve the precision of specific gravity measurements as some intermediate variables may still become unreliable.
Predictive Model Markup Language (PMML) Representation of Bayesian Networks: An Application in Manufacturing
Authors: Nannapaneni Saideep , Narayanan Anantha , Ak Ronay , Lechevalier David , Sexton Thurston , Mahadevan Sankaran , Lee Yung-Tsun Tina 
Published: September 2018

Abstract
Bayesian networks (BNs) represent a promising approach for the aggregation of multiple uncertainty sources in manufacturing networks and other engineering systems for the purposes of uncertainty quantification, risk analysis, and quality control. A standardized representation for BN models will aid in their communication and exchange across the web. This article presents an extension to the predictive model markup language (PMML) standard for the representation of a BN, which may consist of discrete variables, continuous variables, or their combination. The PMML standard is based on extensible markup language (XML) and used for the representation of analytical models. The BN PMML representation is available in PMML v4.3 released by the Data Mining Group. We demonstrate the conversion of analytical models into the BN PMML representation, and the PMML representation of such models into analytical models, through a Python parser. The BNs obtained after parsing PMML representation can then be used to perform Bayesian inference. Finally, we illustrate the developed BN PMML schema for a welding process.