bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
THE EFFECT OF PECTIC SUBSTANCES, HEMICELLULOSE, LIGNIN AND CELLULOSE CONTENT TO THE PERCENTAGE OF BOUND IRON BY DIETARY FIBER MACROMOLECULES: ACIDITY AND LENGTH BOILING TIME VARIATION
Authors: Yuanita Leny 
Published: January 2019

The aim of the study is to find the effect of dietary fiber components content to the percentage of bound iron by dietary fiber macromolecules at acidity and length of boiling time variation. Yard long bean super green variety as dietary fiber sources. The factorial design was applied at pH 4 and 7 with boiling time of 0 (raw), 5, 15, and 25 minutes; the content of dietary fiber components and percentage bound iron as dependent variables. Two way analysis of variance, least significant difference, and multiple regression analysis were applied. Significance level (α) = 5%.The results of the study reveal that acidity, length of boiling time, and its interaction have effect to the bound iron, but have no effect on pectic substances, hemicellulose and lignin. Decreasing pH and increasing boiling time will increase in cellulose, due to the formation of resistant starch. The content of dietary fiber components has no effect on percentage bound iron; pectic substances and hemicellulose have positif effect, while lignin and cellulose have negatif effect on percentage bound iron. Keywords: pectic substances, hemicellulose, lignin, cellulose, bound iron
EVALUATION OF RE-USED HPTLC PLATE FOR QUALITATIVE AND QUANTITATIVE ANALYSIS
Authors: Wulandari Lestyo 
Published: January 2019

The eficiency chromatography of HPTLC plate is better than conventional TLC plate but it more expensive. Due to the higher price of HPTLC plate compare to conventional TLC plate, the application of ";re-used"; HPTLC plate has been tested. After being used for analyzing samples, the plates were developed again with the mobile phase, then dried for 60 min before using for the next measurement. The qualitative chromatography profile showed that ";re-used"; HPTLC plate has less contaminant than new HPTLC plate and the RSD of the precision quantitative testing of the plates reused three times showed a value > 2%. Keywords: reused, HPTLC, TLC, quantitative, qualitative
CHARACTERIZATION AND COBALT DISTRIBUTION STUDY OF CERAMIC BODY SYSTEM : BOJONEGORO CLAY– FELDSPAR – QUARTZ
Authors: Sulistya Rohmat , Hartanto Djoko , Murwani Irmina Kris 
Published: January 2019

The quality improvement of Bojonegoro Clay and the cobalt distribution on the surface of ceramic body system have been studied. The ceramic body system consists of Bojonegoro Clay, feldspar and quartz is optimized using a triaxial blend method. About 6 compositions among 15 compositions of synthesized ceramic bodies can be casted in plastic condition with plastic limit between 22 and 30%. It has been obtained that the optimum composition of the ceramic body is 57% clay, 14.5% feldspar, 28.5% quartz with the total shrinkage is 7 % and the modulus of rupture is 18.23 N/mm2. Cobalt is distributed homogenously on the optimum ceramic surface with 0.3 mm depth at optimum glaze firing temperature (1050 oC). Keywords: Bojonegoro Clay, feldspar, quartz, ceramic body, cobalt distribution
MOLECULAR MODELLING OF Mn<sup>+</sup>.[DBz16C5] COMPLEXES, M = Li<sup>+</sup>, Na<sup>+</sup> AND Zn<sup>2+</sup> BASED ON MNDO/d SEMIEMPIRICAL METHOD
Authors: Pranowo Harno Dwi , Anwar Chairil 
Published: January 2019

The effect of substituent on dibenzo-16-crown-5 (DBz16C5) and interaction between these crown ether with metal cations was evaluated using computational chemistry calculations. Substituens where are connected to the benzene ring on the DBz16C5 are -COOH, -Br, -COOC2H5, -CHO, -CH=CHCO2H, -CH=CHCO2C2H5 and -CH(OH)CH3. The analysis based on computational chemistry calculation using MNDO/d semi empirical method was done. The first step is structure optimization of crown ether followed by optimization of crown ether-metals cation complexes Mn+.[DBz16C5], where M is Li+, Na+ and Zn2+. Interactions of the crown ether and cation were discussed in term of the structure parameter of crown ether, atomic charges and energy interaction of the crown ether-metals cation. Electron donating groups increase the capability of crown ether to bind cation by means of induction effect, while electron withdrawing groups reduce the ability of crown ether to bind cation. Any substituent on the benzene in DBz16C5 which can be make the symmetrical form of the crown ether-metals cation complexes will increase the selectivity of the crown ether to bind the cation. Selectivity of the crown ether to bind cation also depends on the compatibility of the diameter of cation and cavity of crown ether. DBz16C5 has higher selectivity to bind the Na+ compare to the Li+ and Zn2+. Keywords: selectivity, dibenzo-16-crown-5, MNDO/d
THE INFLUENCE OF CONVERSION MODEL CHOICE FOR EROSION RATE ESTIMATION AND THE SENSITIVITY OF THE RESULTS TO CHANGES IN THE MODEL PARAMETER
Authors: Suhartini Nita 
Published: January 2019

A study of soil erosion rates had been done on a slightly and long slope of cultivated area in Ciawi - Bogor, using 137Cs technique. The objective of the present study was to evaluate the applicability of the 137Cs technique in obtaining spatially distributed information of soil redistribution at small catchment. This paper reports the result of the choice of conversion model for erosion rate estimates and the sensitive of the changes in the model parameter. For this purpose, small site was selected, namely landuse I (LU-I). The top of a slope was chosen as a reference site. The erosion/deposit rate of individual sampling points was estimated using the conversion models, namely Proportional Model (PM), Mass Balance Model 1 (MBM1) and Mass Balance Model 2 (MBM2). A comparison of the conversion models showed that the lowest value is obtained by the PM. The MBM1 gave values closer to MBM2, but MBM2 gave a reliable values. In this study, a sensitivity analysis suggest that the conversion models are sensitive to changes in parameters that depend on the site conditions, but insensitive to changes in parameters that interact to the onset of 137Cs fallout input. Keywords: soil erosion, environmental radioisotope, cesium
THE UTILIZATION OF THERMOPHILIC PROTEASE WHICH LIFE IN HOT SPRING CANGAR BATU MALANG
Authors: Agustini Rudiana 
Published: January 2019

Thermophile protease has economic value, because this enzyme is useful on all kind of industry that used high temperature on it production process. The thermophile has been isolated from hot water spring at Cangar Batu Malang called CG-10 isolate. The characteristic of CG-10 are; bolt colony has a brown-white colour, rod form cels with size 6-14 µm and Gram positive. Identification with 16S-rRNA gene of their isolate shows 98.305% similarity with B. caldoxylolyticus. The protease characteristic of CG-10 isolate, fractionated by ammonium sulfate 35% (w/v), centrifuged by 4000 rpm of speed for 15 minute, (1) has optimum temperature of 80oC; (2) has optimum pH 8, (3) can survive until 60 minutes of incubation time at temperature 80oC , (4) the molecule weight of: 60-76 kDa with pH1 value between 7.5 - 8.20, (5) this protease is alkaline serine protease, and (6)Vmaks value 0.622 unit menit -1 and KM 9.8 µmol/L, so this CG-10 isolate protease can be use in detergent industry. Keywords: Protease, Thermophile
DETERMINATION OF pH EFFECT AND CAPACITY OF HEAVY METALS ADSORPTION BY WATER HYACINTH (<sub>Eichhornia crassipes</sub>) BIOMASS
Authors: Shofiyani Anis , Gusrizal Gusrizal 
Published: January 2019

Effect of pH and determination of adsorption capacity of Cu(II), Ni(II) and Pb(II) heavy metal ions on adsorbent prepared from Eichhornia crassipes (eceng gondok) biomass has been investigated. The influence of media acidity on the adsorption characteristics was carried out by determining ions adsorbed at various pH in the range of 2-10, while an adsorption isotherm model of Langmuir was used to estimate the capacity of adsorption. Results showed that Cu(II) was optimally adsorbed at the range pH of 5-6, Ni(II) at 2-4, while Pb(II) reached an optimum adsorption at pH 2-3. The adsorption data of Cu(II), Ni(II) and Pb(II) for the adsorbent folowed quite well Langmuir isotherm model, confirmed that such chemisorptions involved on that process. The ions adsorption capacities (am) were 27.47, 16.69, and 15.04 mg/g for Pb(II), Cu(II), and Ni(II), respectively. Keywords: adsorption, heavy metal, Eichhornia crassipes, pH, capacity
BALANOCARPOL AND HEIMIOL A, TWO RESVERATROLS DIMER FROM STEM BARK <i>Hopea mengarawan (Dipterocarpaceae)</i>
Authors: Atun Sri , Aznam Nurfina , Arianingrum Retno , Niwa Masatake 
Published: January 2019

Isolation and structure elucidation of two resveratrols dimer, namely balanocarpol (1) and heimiol A (2) from stem bark of Hopea mengarawan had been done. The isolation of those compounds was carried out by chromatographic method and structure elucidation was performed by interpretation of spectroscopic data, including UV, IR, 1H and 13C NMR 1D and 2D, and FABMS. Keywords: Balanocarpol; Heimiol A; Dipterocarpaceae
MISCONCEPTION REMEDIATION OF ATOMIC ORBITAL, MOLECULAR ORBITAL, AND HIBRIDIZIATION CONCEPTS BY COMPUTER ASISSTED INSTRUCTION WITH ANIMATION AND SIMULATION MODEL
Authors: Mursiti Sri , Fardhyanti Dewi Selvia , Cahyono Edy , Sudarmin Sudarmin 
Published: January 2019

The research of Computer Asissted Instruction with animation and simulation was used to misconception remediation of atomic orbital, molecular orbital, and hibridiziation concepts. The applicated instruction model was focused on concept approach with macromedia flash player and power point programme. The subject of this research were the 2nd semestre students of Chemistry Department. The data were collected by using of true-false pre-test and post- test followed by the reason of its. The analysis reveals that the Computer Asissted Instruction with animation and simulation model increased the understanding of atomic orbital, molecular orbital, and hibridiziation concepts or remediation of concepts missconception, shown by the significant score gained between before and after the implementation of Computer Asissted Instruction with animation and simulation model. The instruction model developed the students's generic skills too. Keywords: animation simulation,misconception remediation, orbital, hibridization
SYNTHESIS OF p-METHOXY-CYNNAMIL- p-METOXYCINAMATE FROM ETHYL p-METHOXYCINAMAT WAS ISOLATED FROM DRIED RHIZOME Kaempferia Galanga L AS SUNSCREEN COMPOUND
Authors: Taufikkurohmah Titik 
Published: January 2019

Synthesis of p-methoxy-cynnamil-p-methoxy-cinnamate, (PMS)2O from ethyl-p-methoxy-cinnamate (EPMS) from dry rhizome of kaempferia galanga L as sunscreen compound have been done. Isolation of EPMS was done by percholation using ethanol 96 % and recrystallitation using methanol to have 2.2 % yield. Hydrolysis of EPMS using alcoholic KOH resulted methoxycinnamic acid (APMS) of 90.26 % yield. Reduction EPMS using lithium aluminium hydride in dry ether would give p-methoxycinnamoyl alcohol (PMS-OH) of 41.98 % yield. Then reaction of p-methoxycinnamoyl chloride (PMS-Cl) and PMS-OH in chloroform would produce p-methoxycinnamoyl p-methoxycinnamate ((PMS)2O) of 1.77 % yield. All compound were identified by TLC and several spectrometry methodes i.e. U.V Vis, IR, 1H-NMR and GC-MS Keywords: esther cinnamate, sunscreen, Kaempferia galanga.
CONTINUOUS PRODUCTION OF PURE SQUALENE BY USING COLUMN CHROMATOGRAPHY
Authors: Undjung Dosis 
Published: January 2019

The purpose of this research was to produce pure Squalene using the Chromatography Column of Continuous System, so that it will be applicable in home industry. The raw material was a Shark caught from the sea water in Katingan Regency, Central Kalimantan. The result of this research concludes that the Column Chromatography of Continuous System in the experiment was able to produce pure Squalene with the level of purification of 79.89 % out of raw material was as long 180 minutes, by the elution speed of 4 mL per minute, and the eluen (liquid of the raw material) needed was as much as 900 mL, the solution lost (2 % of dietil eter in benzene) during the process was 2.04 %, the temperature in the heater tube was 110 oC, the number of the Silica gel G 40 types as what so-called solid phase in this process to purify 90 g of raw material was 90 g, and the amount of the solution remained in the pure Squalene was 1.5 ppm. Column Chromatography of Continuous System may be applicable in home industry to produce pure Squalene from Shark Liver Oil, the materials and equipment for this activity can be easily found as they are available in markets. A further analysis is needed to find out of contained compound for its further use. Keywords: pure squalene, continuous system, column chromatography
CHARACTERIZATION OF SURFACE OF THE (010) FACE OF BORAX CRYSTALS USING EX SITU ATOMIC FORCE MICROSCOPY (AFM):
Authors: Suharso Suharso 
Published: January 2019

The surface topology of borax crystals grown at a relative supersaturation of 0.21 has been investigated using ex situ atomic force microscopy (AFM). It was found that the cleavage of borax crystals along the (010) face planes has features of the cleavage of layered compounds, exhibiting cleavage steps of low heights. The step heights of the cleavage of the (010) face of borax crystal are from one unit cell to three unit cells of this face. Keywords: AFM, cleavage, borax.
BENTONITE-QUARTZ SAND AS THE BACKFILL MATERIALS ON THE RADIOACTIVE WASTE REPOSITORY
Authors: Raharjo Raharjo 
Published: January 2019

An investigation of the contribution of quartz sand in the bentonite mixture as the backfill materials on the shallow land burial of radioactive waste has been done. The experiment objective is to determine the effect of quartz sand in a bentonite mixture with bentonite particle sizes of -20+40, -40+60, and -60+80 mesh on the retardation factor and the uranium dispersion in the simulation of uranium migration in the backfill materials. The experiment was carried out by the fixed bed method in the column filled by the bentonite mixture with a bentonite-to-quartz sand weight percent ratio of 0/100, 25/75, 50/50, 75/25, and 100/0 on the water saturated condition flown by uranyl nitrate solution at concentration (Co) of 500 ppm. The concentration of uranium in the effluents in interval 15 minutes represented as Ct was analyzed by spectrophotometer, then using Co and Ct, retardation factor (R) and dispersivity () were determined. The experiment data showed that the bentonite of -60+80 mesh and the quartz sand of -20+40 mesh on bentonite-to-quartz sand with weight percent ratio of 50/50 gave the highest retardation factor and dispersivity of 18.37 and 0.0363 cm, respectively. Keywords: bentonite, quartz sand, backfill materials, radioactive waste
THE EFFECT OF DISTILLATE STORING DISTILLED FROM FRUCTOSE SYRUPS TOWARD ITS ACETALDEHYDE CONCENTRATION MEASURED BY GAS CHROMATOGRAPHY
Authors: Basukiwardojo Maria Monica Sianita 
Published: January 2019

Acetaldehyde is a compound of aldehyde group that is very volatile and toxic. This compound can be found in fructose syrups used in carbonate beverages. The syrups had been distilled then analysed using gas chromatography. The concentration of acetaldehyde was 289.78 g/g in the distillates kept for one week, 295.30 g/g in those kept for two weeks, 429.45 g/g in those kept for three weeks, and 449.38 g/g in those kept for four weeks. The optimum column temperature was programmed with initial temperature of 40 oC held on for four minutes, then increasing by 40 oC/minute to 200 oC. It can be concluded that the longer the distillates have been kept, the greater the concentration of acetaldehyde in the distillates. A further research to investigate the present of microbe in the distillates and the effect of pH should be conducted Keywords: acetaldehyde, fructose syrup, distillates, gas chromatography.
STUDY ON THE THERMAL STABILITY OF EPA AND DHA IN MUJAHIR (Oreochromis mossambicus) FISH OIL
Authors: Hadipranoto Ngatidjo 
Published: January 2019

EPA (Eicosapentaenoic acid) and DHA (Docosahexaenoic acid) content in common fresh water fish : mujahir (Oreochromis mossambicus) after indirect heating were analysed. The aims of this study were to determine the effect of indirect heating process and α-tocopherol additions on both fatty acid stability.Lipids content in the mujahir fillets were extracted by Folch method using chloroform-metanol (2:1) mixture. Fatty acids in fish oil were converted to fatty acid methyl esters and then injected into gas chromatography to determine the EPA and DHA concentration. Operating condition of gas chromatography were programmed as follows: injection port temperature at 270 oC, detector at 280 oC, initial column temperature at 200 oC, and the final at 280 oC, the carrier gas was helium with flow rate of 10 ml per minute and temperature of column was increased gradually at 10 oC per minute. The effect of α-tocopherol addition on the stability of EPA and DHA was studied by adding α-tocopherol at 50 to 200 mg per kilogram sample before indirect heating process was carried out.The analysis of mujahir fish oil showed that the content of EPA and DHA in 100 grams fresh sample was 105 and 406,5 mg respectivelly. Indirect heating caused the EPA and DHA content decreased significantly. The addition of α-tocopherol results in a positive corelation between α-tocopherol concentration added and the decrease of EPA and DHA content during the heating process. Keywords: fatty acid, eicosapentaenoic acid, docosahexaenoic acid
SYNTHESIS AND REACTIONS OF 1-(4’-BROMOPHENACYL)-3-(4’-BROMO-PHENYL)-4,6-DIMETHOXYINDOLE
Authors: Jumina Jumina 
Published: January 2019

1-Phenacyl-3-aryl-4,6-dimethoxyindoles 2b and 2c were obtained in good yields respectively through cyclization of N,N-diphenacylaniline 1b and 1c in trifluoroacetic acid. However, instead of giving pyrroloindole 3c, treatment of phenacylindole 2c with polyphosphoric acid afforded indolizine 5 in 42% yield. Phenacylindole 2c reacts with the Vilsmeier aroylation reagent consisted of a mixture of phosphoryl chloride and p-chloro-N,N-dimethylbenzamide to give 2-aroylindole 6 (32%) and pyrroloindole 7 (22%). When treated with sodium borohydride, phenacylindole 2c gave alcohol 8 in 83% yield. Nonetheless, treatment of alcohol 8 with either p-toluenesulfonic acid in glacial acetic acid or boron trifluoride etherate in benzene did not give the desired dihydropyrroloindole 12. Instead, the reactions afforded respectively acetyl ester 9 and indole 10 in 56% and 63% yield. Keywords: phenacylindole, aroylindole, pyrroloindole, and indolizine.
STUDY OF THE FORMATION OF MESOPOROUS TiO<sub>2</sub> USING ISOPROPOXIDE PRECURSORS UNDER LESS WATER CONDITIONS
Authors: Kartini Indriana , Lu Gao Qing 
Published: January 2019

The role of the synthesis parameters (the molar ratio of template, isopropyl alcohol, acetylacetone, and water with respect to titanium(IV) tetraisopropoxide) has been thoroughly investigated to understand their effects on the mesostructures and the formation of crystalline phases of mesoporous titania xerogels in less water condition (no added water) at 60 oC. The resultant mesoporous titania are more likely to have worm-hole like structure as the dominant stable structure. The template appears to play no significant role in structure directing at mesophase level. However, increasing the amount of the template delays the formation of anatase crystalline phase Keywords: mesoporous titania, templating synthesis, anatase, evaporation-induced self-assembly
STABILIZATION OF DRY SLUDGE OF LIQUID WASTE OF LEATHER TREATMENT BY USING FLY ASH
Authors: Widiyati Cahya , Poernomo Herry 
Published: January 2019

The experiment of solidification of dry sludge of liquid waste of leather treatment are containing chrome (Cr) by using fly ash has been done. The experiment objective are immobilize Cr in the solid waste by using pozzoland cement was made of fly ash in order to stable in the repository. The experiment were carried out by solidification of solid waste are containing total chrome of 1480.5 mg/kg sum of 2 - 10 weight % of (water + pozzoland cement) by using pozzoland cement was made from the mixture of fly ash and calcite were burned at 1000 oC temperature for 2 hours. The characterization of the solid composite of stabilization result consist of the compressive strength test and the leaching test by American Nuclear Society (ANS-16.1) method. The experiment result were shown that pozzoland cement can binding solid waste sum of 10 weight % of (water + pozzoland cement) became the composite of waste concrete with the compressive strength of 577 ton/m2 and the chrome leaching test for 14 days of 0.059 mg/l. The composite of waste concrete according to Bapedal rule for solidification of toxic waste with minimum compressive strength of 10 ton/m2 and maximum leached chrome of 5 mg/L. Keywords: stabilization, solid waste, leather treatment, fly ash.
BENZYLIDENE CYCLOPENTANONE DERIVATIVES AS INHIBITORS OF RAT LIVER GLUTATHIONE S-TRANSFERASE ACTIVITIES
Authors: Martono Sudibyo 
Published: January 2019

The effect of the curcumin analogues, 2,6-bis-(4-hydroxy-3-methoxy benzylidene) cyclopentanone (B1) and two of its derivatives on m class glutathione S-transferases (GSTs) from phenobarbital-induced and uninduced rat liver cytosol has been studied to elucidate their anti-inflammatory activity. GST activity was monitored spectrophotometrically using 1,2-dichloro-4-nitrobenzene. B1 was the most potent inhibitor of GSTs, both in uninduced and in phenobarbital-induced rat liver cytosol. These inhibitory properties might be explained as part of the anti-inflammatory activity of benzylidene cyclopentanone derivatives (B1 and B12). Keywords: curcumin; benzylidene cyclopentanone; inhibitory potency; glutathione S-transferases mesoporous
STRUCTURE AND THERMAL STABILITY OF THE BENZO-15-CROWN-5 WITH LANTHANUM (III) BROMIDE COMPLEX
Authors: Saleh Muhammad Idiris , Kusrini Eny , Salhin Abdulssalam , Adnan Rohana , Rahman Ismail Ab. , Saad Bahruddin , Yamin Bohari M. 
Published: January 2019

The reaction of benzo-15-crown-5 (C14H20O5) ligand with La(NO3)3.7H2O in the presence of HBr has resulted in the production of an exotic sandwich complex, [LaC28H36Br4O10][3Br]. The crystal system is triclinic with space group P1﻿, a = 12.5834(14) Å, b = 13.5816(16) Å, c = 13.8403(16) Å, a = 70.751(2)°, b = 66.773(2)° and g = 67.631(2)°. The cation comprises of the lanthanum atom coordinated to two crowns via three oxygen atoms from each crown in a η3-sandwich fashion. The two phenyl groups of the crown are brominated. The La-OLigand bond lengths are between 2.857(7) and 2.949(7) Å. The trianion [3Br]3- is linear with Br-Br bond lengths of 2.518(2) and 2.560(2) Å respectively. The molecule is stabilized by intermolecular interactions of the type C-H...Br to form dimers and are arranged parallel to bc face. Keywords: lanthanum, benzo-15-crown-5, hydrogen bonding, bromination, x-ray structure