bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Pure laparoscopic right hemihepatectomy using the caudodorsal side approach (with videos)
Authors: Maeda Koki , Honda Goro , Kurata Masanao , Homma Yuki , Doi Manami , Yamamoto Jun , Ome Yusuke 
Published: May 2018

AbstractBackgroundIn our process of standardizing laparoscopic right hemihepatectomy (Lap‐RH), we found several advantages of the laparoscopic caudate lobe first approach by using a unique laparoscopic caudodorsal view.MethodsBetween April 2012 and October 2017, 21 patients underwent pure Lap‐RH at our hospital. The mean patient age was 62 years (range 36–75 years), and there were more male than female patients (66.7%). Of 21 patients, 11 had hepatocellular carcinoma, eight had metastatic tumor, and the other two had focal nodular hyperplasia and refractory liver abscess. All 21 patients had Child–Pugh class A liver function. The surgical technique was recorded on video.ResultsThe mean operative time was 409 min (range 241–522 min), and the mean blood loss was 279 g (range 0–1,010 g). No procedure was converted to open surgery. With regard to postoperative complications, one patient had bile leakage from the stump of the main Glissonean branch and another patient had abscess formation in the subphrenic space. No postoperative bleeding, hepatic failure, and mortality occurred.ConclusionsOur standardized procedure of Lap‐RH using the unique laparoscopic caudodorsal view is not only feasible but also confers a true advantage of the laparoscopic approach.
Effect of 3D depth on the resolution and the observed image for auto‐stereoscopic multi‐view 3D display
Authors: Hong Hyungki 
Published: May 2018

AbstractIn auto‐stereoscopic multi‐views, blurring occurs due to the incomplete separation of views for non‐zero depths. How this blur affects a 3D image was investigated using the commercial multi‐view 3D. The 3D input signal consisted of the square pattern and the gratings of various width and gray level values of G1 and G2. The various combinations of G1 and G2 were used to investigate the dependence of blur on gray G1 and G2 values. The 3D depth caused blurring, which caused a decrease in contrast modulation. Hence, the 3D resolution determined from contrast modulation was affected by the depth and became worse with increasing depth. Therefore, 3D resolution may be used to define the depth range within which the image degradation due to blurring is acceptable. Blur edge width values at the boundaries of gray G1 and G2 were measured and found to be similar irrespective of G1 and G2 values at the same depth. This was because blur was caused by the incomplete separation of views that are independent of G1 and G2. Hence, the blurriness of the observed 3D image is determined only by the depth. The 3D resolution and blur edge width might be useful to characterize the performance of auto‐stereoscopic multi‐view 3D.
High‐Speed Modulator Based on Electro‐Optic Polymer Infiltrated Subwavelength Grating Waveguide Ring Resonator
Authors: Pan Zeyu , Xu Xiaochuan , Chung Chi‐Jui , Dalir Hamed , Yan Hai , Chen Ke , Wang Yaguo , Jia Baohua , Chen Ray T. 
Published: May 2018

AbstractSilicon‐organic hybrid integrated devices show great potential in high‐speed optical interconnects and sensors. In this paper, a high‐speed modulator based on an electro‐optic (EO) polymer (SEO125) infiltrated sub‐wavelength grating (SWG) waveguide ring resonator is presented. The core of the SWG waveguide consists of periodically arranged silicon pillars along the light propagation direction, which provides large mode volume overlap with EO polymer. The optimized SWG shows a mode volume overlap of 36.2% with a silicon duty cycle of 0.7. The 3‐dB modulation bandwidth of the fabricated modulator is measured to be larger than 40 GHz occupying an area of 70 μm x 29 μm, which is the largest bandwidth and the most compact footprint that has been demonstrated for ring resonators on the silicon‐organic hybrid platform.
Long‐Life and High‐Power Binder‐Free Cathode Based on One‐Step Synthesis of Radical Polymers with Multi‐Pendant Groups
Authors: Chen Yaoguang , Zhang Yangfan , Liu Xiu , Fan Xuliang , Bai Bing , Yang Kang , Liang Zhongxin , Zhang Zishou , Mai Kancheng 
Published: May 2018

AbstractThe main bottlenecks for the widespread application of radical polymers in organic radical batteries are poor cycling stability, due to the dissolution of radical polymers into the electrolyte, and the low efficiency of multi‐step synthesis strategies. Herein, a kind of electrolyte‐resistant radical polymer bearing multi‐pendant groups (poly(ethylene‐alt‐TEMPO maleate) (PETM)) is designed and synthesized through a one‐step esterification reaction to graft 4‐hydroxy‐2,2,6,6‐teramethylpiperidinyl‐1‐oxy into the commercially available poly(ethylene‐alt‐maleic anhydride). Interestingly, PETM is hardly soluble in the ethylene carbonate/dimethyl carbonate/ethyl methyl carbonate‐based electrolyte, showing an extremely low solubility of 0.59 mg mL–1, but is easily soluble in tetrahydrofuran and N‐Methyl pyrrolidone. The derived binder‐free PETM cathode exhibits nearly 100% utilization of the grafted nitroxide radicals (88 mA h g–1) and excellent rate capability with almost invariant capacitance from 10 C to 40 C. Significantly, the PETM cathodes retain 94% of the initial capacity after 1000 cycles, outperforming most reported radical polymer‐based cathodes.
Targeting prostate cancer: Prostate‐specific membrane antigen based diagnosis and therapy
Authors: Wüstemann Till , Haberkorn Uwe , Babich John , Mier Walter 
Published: May 2018

AbstractThe high incidence rates of prostate cancer (PCa) raise demand for improved therapeutic strategies. Prostate tumors specifically express the prostate‐specific membrane antigen (PSMA), a membrane‐bound protease. As PSMA is highly overexpressed on malignant prostate tumor cells and as its expression rate correlates with the aggressiveness of the disease, this tumor‐associated biomarker provides the possibility to develop new strategies for diagnostics and therapy of PCa. Major advances have been made in PSMA targeting, ranging from immunotherapeutic approaches to therapeutic small molecules. This review elaborates the diversity of PSMA targeting agents while focusing on the radioactively labeled tracers for diagnosis and endoradiotherapy. A variety of radionuclides have been shown to either enable precise diagnosis or efficiently treat the tumor with minimal effects to nontargeted organs. Most small molecules with affinity for PSMA are based on either a phosphonate or a urea‐based binding motif. Based on these pharmacophores, major effort has been made to identify modifications to achieve ideal pharmacokinetics while retaining the specific targeting of the PSMA binding pocket. Several tracers have now shown excellent clinical usability in particular for molecular imaging and therapy as proven by the efficiency of theranostic approaches in current studies. The archetypal expression profile of PSMA may be exploited for the treatment with alpha emitters to break radioresistance and thus to bring the power of systemic therapy to higher levels.
A 4D global respiratory motion model of the thorax based on CT images: A proof of concept
Authors: Fayad Hadi , Gilles Marlene , Pan Tinsu , Visvikis Dimitris 
Published: May 2018

PurposeRespiratory motion reduces the sensitivity and specificity of medical images especially in the thoracic and abdominal areas. It may affect applications such as cancer diagnostic imaging and/or radiation therapy (RT). Solutions to this issue include modeling of the respiratory motion in order to optimize both diagnostic and therapeutic protocols. Personalized motion modeling required patient‐specific four‐dimensional (4D) imaging which in the case of 4D computed tomography (4D CT) acquisition is associated with an increased dose. The goal of this work was to develop a global respiratory motion model capable of relating external patient surface motion to internal structure motion without the need for a patient‐specific 4D CT acquisition.MethodsThe proposed global model is based on principal component analysis and can be adjusted to a given patient anatomy using only one or two static CT images in conjunction with a respiratory synchronized patient external surface motion. It is based on the relation between the internal motion described using deformation fields obtained by registering 4D CT images and patient surface maps obtained either from optical imaging devices or extracted from CT image‐based patient skin segmentation. 4D CT images of six patients were used to generate the global motion model which was validated by adapting it on four different patients having skin segmented surfaces and two other patients having time of flight camera acquired surfaces. The reproducibility of the proposed model was also assessed on two patients with two 4D CT series acquired within 2 weeks of each other.ResultsProfile comparison shows the efficacy of the global respiratory motion model and an improvement while using two CT images in order to adapt the model. This was confirmed by the correlation coefficient with a mean correlation of 0.9 and 0.95 while using one or two CT images respectively and when comparing acquired to model generated 4D CT images. For the four patients with segmented surfaces, expert validation indicates an error of 2.35 ± 0.26 mm compared to 6.07 ± 0.76 mm when using a simple interpolation between full inspiration (FI) and full expiration (FE) CT only; i.e., without specific modeling of the respiratory motion. For the two patients with acquired surfaces, this error was of 2.48 ± 0.18 mm. In terms of reproducibility, model error changes of 0.12 and 0.17 mm were measured for the two patients concerned.ConclusionsThe framework for the derivation of a global respiratory motion model was developed. A single or two static CT images and associated patient surface motion, as a surrogate measure, are only needed to personalize the model. This model accuracy and reproducibility were assessed by comparing acquired vs model generated 4D CT images. Future work will consist of assessing extensively the proposed model for radiotherapy applications.
Inter‐method reproducibility of biexponential R2 MR relaxometry for estimation of liver iron concentration
Authors: Pirasteh Ali , Yuan Qing , Hernando Diego , Reeder Scott B. , Pedrosa Ivan , Yokoo Takeshi 
Published: May 2018

PurposeTo assess the reproducibility of biexponential R2‐relaxometry MRI for estimation of liver iron concentration (LIC) between proprietary and nonproprietary analysis methods.MethodsThis single‐center retrospective study, approved by investigational review board and compliant with the Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act, included 40 liver MRI exams in 38 subjects with suspected or known iron overload. From spin‐echo images of the liver, acquired at 5 different echo times (TE = 6–18 ms), biexponential R2 maps were calculated using 1 proprietary (FerriScan, Resonance Health Ltd., Claremont WA, Australia) and 3 nonproprietary (simulated annealing, nonlinear least squares, dictionary search) analysis methods. Each subject's average liver R2 value was converted to LIC using a previously validated calibration curve. Inter‐method reproducibility for liver R2 and LIC were assessed for linearity using linear regression analysis and absolute agreement using intraclass correlation and Bland‐Altman analysis. For point estimates, 95% confidence intervals were calculated; P values < 0.05 were considered statistically significant.ResultsLinearity between the proprietary and nonproprietary methods was excellent across the observed range for R2 (20–312 s−1) and LIC (0.4–52.2 mg/g), with all coefficients of determination (R2) ≥ 0.95. No statistically significant bias was found (slope estimates ∼ 1; intercept estimates ∼ 0; P values > 0.05). Agreement between the 4 methods was excellent for both liver R2 and LIC (intraclass correlations ≥ 0.97). Bland‐Altman 95% limits of agreement in % difference between the proprietary and nonproprietary methods were ≤ 9% and ≤ 16% for R2 and LIC, respectively.ConclusionBiexponential R2‐relaxometry MRI for LIC estimation is reproducible between proprietary and nonproprietary analysis methods.
Stewardship of health security: The challenges of applying the One Health approach
Authors: Hort Krishna , Sommanustweechai Angkana , Adisasmito Wiku , Gleeson Laurence 
Published: May 2018

SummaryExperience with the control of epidemics, notably the 2004 outbreaks of avian influenza, has demonstrated that a “One Health approach,” that recognizes that human, animal, and environmental health are interdependent, is the most effective way of dealing with threats from emerging infectious diseases (EID). However, introducing and applying a One Health approach is challenging for many countries. One of the key challenges relates to stewardship.The evolution of the strategies and policies used to introduce and adopt the One Health approach in the detection and response to EID over the period 2005 to 2017 is described at global level and in country case studies of Thailand and Indonesia. Both countries experienced significant outbreaks of H5N1 avian influenza from 2004 and have sought to adopt the One Health approach in their response strategies.The challenges for stewardship of health systems in introducing a One Health approach are described, and key lessons identified in regard to national level agency coordination, engagement of the broader civil society outside government, and developing a reliable, credible, and impartial decision‐making process. The concept of stewardship provides valuable insights for policymakers on how to incorporate a One Health approach into their EID response systems.
Adolescent and young adult oncology patients in France: Heterogeneity in pathways of care
Authors: Desandes Emmanuel , Brugières Laurence , Molinié Florence , Defossez Gautier , Delafosse Patricia , Jehannin‐Ligier Karine , Velten Michel , Trétarre Brigitte , Amadéo Brice , Marrer Emilie , Woronoff Anne‐Sophie , Ganry Olivier , Monnereau Alain , d'Almeida Tania , Troussard Xavier , Daubisse‐Marliac Laetitia , Bara Simona , Guizard Anne‐Valérie , Baldi Isabelle , Launoy Guy , Clavel Jacqueline , Lacour Brigitte 
Published: May 2018

AbstractBackgroundIn order to evaluate at the population level the impact of the actions developed in France since 2004 to organize the care of adolescents and young adults (AYAs) with cancer, we conducted the present study to provide an unbiased view of the pathway of care of these patients.MethodsUsing a population‐based registry, we conducted a review of all cases of cancer diagnosed during 2012 and 2013 in 15‐ to 24‐year‐old patients living in nineteen French administrative areas.ResultsThe median times for diagnosis and treatment of the 993 included AYAs were 9 weeks (3–22) and 1 day (0–20), respectively. Delays in diagnosis were significantly longer in young adults than in adolescents, especially for soft‐tissue sarcomas (48.7 weeks vs. 15.4 weeks, P = 0.04) and bone tumors (21.4 weeks vs. 10.1 weeks, P = 0.04). The first physicians seen by patients were mostly general practitioners (67.4%). Most patients (77.5%) were treated in adult units. Management decisions were taken within the context of a multidisciplinary team (MDT) in 85.3% of cases. MDT meetings that involved both pediatric and adult oncologists were uncommon (15.7% of patients). Twenty‐six percent of patients were included in randomized or nonrandomized clinical studies. The proportion of inclusion was significantly higher in adolescents (39.5%) than in young adults (16.8%).ConclusionIn France, pathways of care for AYAs are heterogeneous. It is necessary to organize a national network of expert centers with adequate medical skills and specific psychosocial support and facilities to provide the best possible care for these patients.
Characterisation of phenolic compounds by UPLC‐QTOF‐MS/MS of geopropolis from the stingless bee Melipona subnitida (jandaíra)
Authors: de Souza Silvana Alves , da Silva Telma Maria Guedes , da Silva Eva Monica Sarmento , Camara Celso Amorim , Silva Tania Maria Sarmento 
Published: May 2018

AbstractIntroductionMelipona subnitida Ducke (jandaíra) is a stingless bee native to north‐eastern Brazil, which produces geopropolis, a mixture of beeswax, plant resins, pollens and earth that is used for sealing beehives.ObjectiveTo extend the knowledge on phenolic compounds in fractions obtained by C18‐solid phase extraction (SPE) of nine geopropolis samples from Melipona subnitida collected at different times.MethodologyChromatographic profiles of nine samples of geopropolis from jandaíra were analysed by ultra‐performance liquid chromatography coupled with a diode array detector and quadrupole time‐of‐flight mass spectrometry (UPLC‐DAD‐QTOF‐MS/MS) and combined with the use of data‐independent acquisition (MSE) for the profiling and structural characterisation of the phenolic compounds. The isolated compound was identified by nuclear magnetic resonance of hydrogen and carbon (1H‐ and 13C‐NMR).ResultsThe present study with geopropolis of jandaíra resulted in the characterisation of 51 phenolics by UPLC‐DAD‐QTOF‐MS/MS: four galloyl glucosides, one ellagic acid, 11 acyl‐hexosides, 23 acyl‐galloyl‐hexosides and 12 flavonoids. The structures of two compounds (1,6‐di‐O‐(E)‐coumaroyl‐2‐O‐galloyl‐β‐d‐glucopyranoside and 1‐O‐cinnamoyl‐6‐O‐(E)‐coumaroyl‐2‐O‐galloyl‐β‐d‐glucopyranoside) were established by 1H and the attached proton test (APT) experiments as well as high‐resolution electrospray ionisation mass spectroscopy (HR‐ESI‐MS) analysis.ConclusionThe geopropolis of jandaíra showed phenolic compounds galloyl hexosides, ellagic acid, acyl‐(cinnamoyl/coumaroyl)‐hexosides, acyl‐(cinnamoyl/coumaroyl)‐galloyl‐hexosides and flavonoids (aglycones and acylated‐O‐glycosides).
Event‐triggered dissipative synchronization for Markovian jump neural networks with general transition probabilities
Authors: Liu Yajuan , Park Ju H. , Guo Bao‐Zhu , Fang Fang , Zhou Funa 
Published: May 2018

SummaryIn this paper, dissipative synchronization problem for the Markovian jump neural networks with time‐varying delay and general transition probabilities is investigated. An event‐triggered communication scheme is introduced to trigger the transmission only when the variation of the sampled vector exceeds a prescribed threshold condition. The transition probabilities of the Markovian jump delayed neural networks are allowed to be known, or uncertain, or unknown. By employing delay system approach, a new model of synchronization error system is proposed. Applying the Lyapunov‐Krasovskii functional and integral inequality combining with reciprocal convex technique, a delay‐dependent criterion is developed to guarantee the stochastic stability of the errors system and achieve strict (Q,S,R)−α dissipativity. The event‐triggered parameters can be derived by solving a set of linear matrix inequalities. A numerical example is presented to illustrate the effectiveness of the proposed design method.
The diameter of inhomogeneous random graphs
Authors: Fraiman Nicolas , Mitsche Dieter 
Published: May 2018

AbstractIn this paper, we study the diameter of inhomogeneous random graphs that are induced by irreducible kernels . The kernels we consider act on separable metric spaces and are almost everywhere continuous. We generalize results known for the Erdős–Rényi model G(n, p) for several ranges of p. We find upper and lower bounds for the diameter of in terms of the expansion factor and two explicit constants that depend on the behavior of the kernel over partitions of the metric space.
The Alphasat Aldo Paraboni propagation experiment: Measurement campaign at the Italian ground stations
Authors: Riva C. , Luini L. , D'Amico M. , Nebuloni R. , Marziani A. , Consalvi F. , Marzano F.S. 
Published: May 2018

SummaryTerabit capacity and very high data rates are required for the near‐future broadband satellite communication systems, mainly for multimedia services. The increased capacity can be obtained by using the larger bandwidth available at higher frequency bands, like Ka and Q/V. However, severe detrimental atmospheric effects impair radio waves at these bands, which require the extensive use of fade mitigation techniques, such as link power control, site diversity, or on‐board adaptive power allocation. The Alphasat Aldo Paraboni propagation experiment was designed and supported by the Italian Space Agency, and implemented by the European Space Agency, to better characterize the atmospheric propagation channel at Ka band and Q band, to support the design of future satellite systems. In Italy, 3 ground stations have been installed and are acquiring the Alphasat beacon signals: the 2 ASI main ground stations in Tito Scalo (Southern Italy) and Spino d'Adda (Northern Italy) and the La Sapienza‐FUB station in Roma (Central Italy). The 3 stations cover quite distant locations in Italy, with different climatic characteristics. This paper describes the main features of the experimental setup in the above stations and presents some examples of measurements and results.
Introduction
Authors: Tarlow Sarah , Battell Lowman Emma 
Published: May 2018

AbstractHow can a dead human body actively affect the world? This book examines the history of executed bodies of criminals, especially those executed during the eighteenth and nineteenth centuries. The genesis of the research project on which the book is based is discussed, and some historical context to the Murder Act is presented. This book will challenge some widespread narratives about the changing nature of punishment, so we briefly discuss those, before moving on to consider whether criminal bodies are born or made, and what makes the dead body such a symbolically powerful object.
The Power of the Criminal Corpse in the Medieval World
Authors: Tarlow Sarah , Battell Lowman Emma 
Published: May 2018

AbstractTaking a long-term view of the history of crime and punishment problematises any straightforwardly progressive narrative of the history of punishment as one of increasingly humane attitudes. Punishment in the Middle Ages was about retribution, but also about compensation and the restoration of social order. The strong parallels between sin and crime and between punishment and penance affected much of the practice and discourse about punishment throughout both early and later medieval periods, and indeed extended into modernity. The dying and dead body was an important locus in both religious and secular discourses of power.