bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Computational Simulation of Mass Transfer in Molecular Separation Using Microporous Polymeric Membranes
Authors: Rezakazemi Mashallah , Shirazian Saeed 
Published: July 2018

AbstractComputational simulation was conducted to predict mass‐transfer phenomenon in the molecular separation of solute using microporous membrane contactors. Both diffusional and convectional mass‐transfer mechanisms were considered. The membrane system was a hollow‐fiber contactor in which an aqueous phase containing an organic compound was contacted with an organic phase for extractive separation of the solute. Benzoic acid was used as the solute. The main focus was on understanding the mass transfer of solute in the process. The concentration equation for the solute was solved numerically using a computational fluid dynamics approach. It was found that the model can predict the solute transport from the aqueous phase to the organic phase and can be used as a predictive model for process understanding.
The European Chemical Society (EuChemS)
Authors: Cole‐Hamilton David J. 
Published: July 2018

AbstractThe European Chemical Society (EuChemS) coordinates the work of almost all the European Chemical Societies. As an organization, it provides an independent and authoritative voice on all matters relating to chemistry, and try to place chemistry at the heart of policy in Europe. Furthermore, EuChemS seeks to develop its members through various activities, workshops and awards. Particularly, EuChemS has fostered growth in its young members through the European Young Chemists′ Network. Beyond Europe, EuChemS has collaborated with various organizations in bringing chemistry out of the lab and into society in building a sustainable future for everyone.
Microporous Plasmonic Capsules as Stable Molecular Sieves for Direct SERS Quantification of Small Pollutants in Natural Waters
Authors: Mariño‐Lopez Andrea , Sousa‐Castillo Ana , Blanco‐Formoso Maria , Furini Leonardo N. , Rodríguez‐Lorenzo Laura , Pazos‐Perez Nicolas , Guerrini Luca , Pérez‐Lorenzo Moises , Correa‐Duarte Miguel A. , Alvarez‐Puebla Ramon A. 
Published: July 2018

AbstractFast and versatile optical SERS methods represent a major advance in chemical analysis of environmental samples such as water. To date, however, these ultrasensitive methods are hindered by two key drawbacks: (i) colloidal stability and (ii) chemical diversity, both arising from the compositional complexity of natural samples. Here, we present an engineered material that, due to its unique microporous structure, imparts colloidal stability and provides selectivity while confining a densely populated film of gold nanoparticles optimized for the generation of large electromagnetic fields. The material is tested against natural water for the ultraquantification of dichlorodiphenyl‐trichloroethane (DDT), a ubiquitous environmental pollutant.
Distributed Whale Optimization Algorithm based on MapReduce
Authors: Khalil Yasser , Alshayeji Mohammad , Ahmad Imtiaz 
Published: July 2018

SummaryWhale Optimization Algorithm (WOA) is a recent swarm intelligence based meta‐heuristic optimization algorithm, which simulates the natural behavior of bubble‐net hunting strategy of humpback whales and has been successfully applied to solve complex optimization problems in a wide range of disciplines. However, when applied to large‐size problems, its performance degrades due to the need of massive computational work load. Distributed computing is one of the effective ways to improve the scalability of WOA for solving large‐scale problems. In this paper, we propose a simple and robust distributed implementation of WOA using Hadoop MapReduce named MR‐WOA. MapReduce paradigm is adopted as the distribution model since it is one of the most mature technologies to develop parallel algorithms which automatically handles communication, load balancing, data locality, and fault tolerance. The design of MR‐WOA is discussed in details using the MapReduce paradigm. Experiments are conducted for a set of well‐known benchmarks for evaluating the quality, speedup, and scalability of MR‐WOA. The conducted experiments reveal that our approach achieves a promising speedup. For some benchmarks, speedup scales linearly with increasing the number of computational nodes.
An intensive family‐based treatment guided intervention for medically hospitalized youth with anorexia nervosa: Parental self‐efficacy and weight‐related outcomes
Authors: Matthews Abigail , Peterson Claire M. , Peugh James , Mitan Laurie 
Published: July 2018

AbstractRecent studies suggest the efficacy of family‐based treatment (FBT) among youth with anorexia nervosa (AN) in intensive treatment settings. This study aimed to assess weight outcomes in youth who received an FBT intervention while hospitalized for medical complications of AN. Parental self‐efficacy among participating caregivers was also measured. Post‐discharge weights of 49 participants were compared with weights of 44 youth who were hospitalized prior to the provision of the FBT intervention. Youth who received the FBT intervention gained significantly more weight than youth in the retrospective treatment as usual group at 3 and 6 months following discharge. FBT youth were 2.84 times more likely than retrospective treatment as usual youth to achieve at least 95% of treatment goal weight at 6 months post‐discharge. Finally, parental self‐efficacy significantly increased in caregivers who participated in the FBT intervention. Findings provided preliminary support for the provision of FBT to medically hospitalized youth with AN.
Network analysis of specific psychopathology and psychiatric symptoms in patients with anorexia nervosa
Authors: Solmi Marco , Collantoni Enrico , Meneguzzo Paolo , Tenconi Elena , Favaro Angela 
Published: July 2018

AbstractBackgroundNetwork analysis is increasingly applied to psychiatric populations to understand relationships among symptoms.MethodsNetwork analysis was applied on 955 patients with anorexia nervosa (AN; 631 restricting‐type [ANR] and 324 binge eating‐/purging‐type [ANBP]), assessed with Symptom Check‐List 90 (SCL‐90), Eating Disorder Inventory (EDI), and Tridimensional Personality Questionnaire.ResultsDepression, anxiety, interpersonal sensitivity (SCL‐90), and ineffectiveness (EDI) had the highest centrality (strength from 1.19 to 1.35 in ANBP, and from 1.15 to 1.51 in ANR). Body mass index (BMI) had low centrality (0.14 ANBP and 0.41 ANR). Drive for thinness showed the strongest correlation with central nodes in ANBP (correlation around 0.44) and ANR (correlation range 0.38–0.47), and drive for thinness had higher centrality in ANR (1.15) than in ANBP (0.81), whereas body dissatisfaction in ANBP (0.73) than in ANR (0.61).DiscussionIn addition to ED‐core symptoms, psychiatric comorbid symptoms should be the focus of specific treatments in patients with AN, independently from BMI.
Bariatric surgery in obese patients reduced resting connectivity of brain regions involved with self‐referential processing
Authors: Li Guanya , Ji Gang , Hu Yang , Xu Mingzhu , Jin Qingchao , Liu Li , von Deneen Karen M. , Zhao Jizheng , Chen Antao , Cui Guangbin , Wang Huaning , Zhao Qingchuan , Wu Kaichun , Shokri‐Kojori Ehsan , Tomasi Dardo , Volkow Nora D. , Nie Yongzhan , Zhang Yi , Wang Gene‐Jack 
Published: July 2018

AbstractObese individuals exhibit brain alterations of resting‐state functional connectivity (RSFC) integrity of resting‐state networks (RSNs) related to food intake. Bariatric surgery is currently the most effective treatment for combating morbid obesity. How bariatric surgery influences neurocircuitry is mostly unknown. Functional connectivity density (FCD) mapping was employed to calculate local (lFCD)/global (gFCD) voxelwise connectivity metrics in 22 obese participants who underwent functional magnetic resonance imaging before and 1 month after sleeve gastrectomy (SG), and in 19 obese controls (Ctr) without surgery but tested twice (baseline and 1‐month later). Two factor (group, time) repeated measures ANOVA was used to assess main and interaction effects in lFCD/gFCD; regions of interest were identified for subsequent seed to voxel connectivity analyses to assess resting‐state functional connectivity and to examine association with weight loss. Bariatric surgery significantly decreased lFCD in VMPFC, posterior cingulate cortex (PCC)/precuneus, and dorsal anterior cingulate cortex (dACC)/dorsomedial prefrontal cortex (DMPFC) and decreased gFCD in VMPFC, right dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (DLPFC) and right insula (pFWE < .05). lFCD decreased in VMPFC and PCC/precuneus correlated with reduction in BMI after surgery. Seed to voxel connectivity analyses showed the VMPFC had stronger connectivity with left DLPFC and weaker connectivity with hippocampus/parahippocampus, and PCC/precuneus had stronger connectivity with right caudate and left DLPFC after surgery. Bariatric surgery significantly decreased FCD in regions involved in self‐referential processing (VMPFC, DMPFC, dACC, and precuneus), and interoception (insula), and changes in VMPFC/precuneus were associated with reduction in BMI suggesting a role in improving control of eating behaviors following surgery.
Variability in volatile compounds from lipoxygenase pathway in extra virgin olive oils from Tuscan olive germoplasm by quantitative SPME/GC‐MS
Authors: Aprea Eugenio , Gasperi Flavia , Betta Emanuela , Sani Graziano , Cantini Claudio 
Published: July 2018

AbstractA quantitative method, based on SPME GC‐MS, for the quantification of volatile compounds derived from lipoxygenase pathway, considered the most important for the aroma of high‐quality olive oil, was developed. The method was used to study the variation within the extra virgin olive oils from 67 cultivars of the Tuscan olive germplasm conserved at “Santa Paolina” experimental farm (Follonica, Italy). A great variability was observed among the 67 cultivars both for the total amount of volatile compounds and for the different ratios between the groups of volatile compounds from common precursors. The aim was to obtain basic information on the characteristics and the quality of the oils obtainable from nonwidely cultivated olive varieties. These data can support the reintroduction in the production chain of old autochthonous varieties and for exploitation in breeding programs as a source of positive characters to transmit to the progeny.
Does daily proactivity affect well‐being? The moderating role of punitive supervision
Authors: Cangiano Francesco , Parker Sharon K. , Yeo Gillian B. 
Published: July 2018

SummaryProactive behavior (self‐initiated and future‐oriented actions to bring about change) has largely positive consequences for organizationally oriented outcomes such as job performance. Yet the outcomes of proactivity from a well‐being perspective have not been clearly considered. Drawing on self‐determination theory and the stressor‐detachment model, we propose two distinct paths by which proactivity affects individuals' daily well‐being. The first path is an energy‐generating pathway in which daily proactive behavior enhances end‐of‐work‐day vitality via perceived competence. The second is a strain pathway in which daily proactive behavior generates anxiety at work, which undermines the process of detachment from work. We argue that these pathways are shaped by the extent to which supervisors are prone to blaming employees for their mistakes (punitive supervision). We tested this model using a sample of 94 employees who completed surveys three times a day for between 5 and 7 days. Our multilevel analyses provide support for the proposed dual‐pathway model and suggest differential well‐being outcomes of daily proactive work behavior. Overall, when an individual behaves proactively at work, they are more likely to experience higher levels of daily perceived competence and vitality. However, these positive effects can exist in parallel with daily negative effects on end‐of‐workday anxiety, and hence bedtime detachment, but only when the supervisor is perceived to be punitive about mistakes.
Polyacetal‐Based Combination Therapy for the Treatment of Prostate Cancer
Authors: Plyduang Thipapun , Armiñán Ana , Movellan Julie , England Richard M. , Wiwattanapatapee Ruedeekorn , Vicent María J. 
Published: July 2018

AbstractThe high incidence of prostate carcinogenesis has prompted the search for novel effective treatment approaches. We have employed curcumin (Curc) and diethylstilbestrol (DES) to synthesize a series of polyacetal (PA)‐based combination conjugates for prostate cancer (PCa) treatment. Given their bihydroxyl functionalities, Curc and DES molecules were incorporated into a PA mainchain using a one‐pot reaction between diols and divinyl ethers. The PA‐conjugates released both drugs under acidic conditions, such as those found in the tumor microenvironment, endosomes, or lysosomes, while remaining stable at neutral pH 7.4. The drug ratio was optimized to achieve anticancer drug synergism with elevated cytotoxicity against LNCaP‐hormone‐dependent human PCa cells conferred via the induction of S phase cell cycle arrest by the upregulation of p53 and CDK inhibitors p21Waf/CIP1 and downregulation of cyclin D1. The application of rationally designed PA‐Curc‐DES combination conjugates represents a potentially exciting new treatment for prostate cancer.
In Situ Network Formation in PBT Vitrimers via Processing‐Induced Deprotection Chemistry
Authors: Zhou Yanwu , Goossens Johannes G. P. , van den Bergen Sjarco , Sijbesma Rint P. , Heuts Johan P. A. 
Published: July 2018

AbstractAlthough the network dynamics and mechanical properties of poly(butylene terephthalate) vitrimers can to some extent be controlled via chemical and physical approaches, it remains a challenge to be able to process PBT vitrimers with the same processing conditions via, for example, injection molding as neat PBT. Here, it is shown that the use of protected pentaerythritol as a latent cross‐linker and the use of a Zn(II) transesterification catalyst allows for the in situ dynamic network formation in PBT during processing, with a delayed onset of gelation. This process can be controlled by adjusting the processing temperature, (protected) cross‐linker content, and the type of protection group. This solvent‐free deprotection strategy opens the way to high production rates of PBT vitrimer products via injection molding with the combination of low viscosity during processing and vitrimer characteristics in the final product.
Stepwise Self‐Assembly and Dynamic Exchange of Supramolecular Nanocages Based on Terpridine Building Blocks
Authors: Zhang Zhe , Wang Heng , Shi Junjuan , Xu Yaping , Wang Lei , Shihadeh Sammy , Zhao Fu‐Jie , Hao Xin‐Qi , Wang Pingshan , Liu Changlin , Wang Ming , Li Xiaopeng 
Published: July 2018

AbstractCoordination‐driven self‐assembly as a powerful bottom‐up approach has been extensively used to construct multifarious supramolecular architectures with increasing complexity and functionality. Due to the unique cavity structures and precisely controllable dimensions, 3D supramolecules display unprecedented properties and functions in catalysis, sensing, gas storage, and smart materials. Herein, we have built two 3D nanocages with different sizes by changing the length of the organic ligand arms. The structures were characterized by 1D and 2D NMR spectroscopy, electrospray ionization‐mass spectrometry (ESI‐MS), traveling wave ion mobility‐mass spectrometry (TWIM‐MS), gradient tandem‐mass spectrometry (gMS2), and transmission electron microscopy (TEM). Furthermore, the intermolecular dynamic exchange of two 3D nanocages was conducted to construct a series of hybrid 3D structures as evidenced by mass spectrometry.
Applicability of hypoplasticity to reconstituted peat from drained triaxial tests
Authors: Muraro Stefano , Mašín David , Jommi Cristina 
Published: July 2018

SummaryProper understanding of the deviatoric behaviour of peats represents a challenge in soil mechanics. Exceptional high compressibility together with extremely high friction angles distinguishes peats from classical organic soils. Considerable amount of triaxial test data on peats can be found in the literature, mostly coming from standard undrained triaxial compression tests. However, only a minor part was intended to describe their prefailure behaviour. Also, limiting the investigation to the undrained response reduces the information on those ingredients of constitutive models, which are necessary to describe the deformational behaviour. This contribution aims to provide better insight into the prefailure deformational behaviour of peats, by analysing in detail the results of non‐standard drained tests at various stress paths and undrained tests performed on reconstituted peat samples. Based on the experimental findings, an existing hypoplastic model, originally developed for fine‐grained soils, has been adapted to capture the behaviour of peats. The model is directly calibrated on selected experimental results and validated on a variety of different stress path tests. The results reveal the merits of hypoplasticity in modelling the nonlinearity of the prefailure behaviour and the directional response of peats, which both are of great importance when assessing the serviceability limit states of geotechnical structures founded on peats.
Parental involvement in decision‐making about their child’s health care at the hospital
Authors: Aarthun Antje , Øymar Knut A. , Akerjordet Kristin 
Published: July 2018

AbstractAimTo explore parents' experiences on parental involvement in decision‐making about their child's health care at the hospital and to identify how health professionals can improve parental involvement.DesignAn explorative descriptive qualitative study within a constructivist research paradigm.MethodsIndividual semistructured interviews were conducted with a purposive sample of 12 parents. Qualitative content analysis was performed.ResultsThis study gives unique insight into how parental involvement in children's healthcare decisions influence parents' ability to cope with the parental role at the hospital. The results showed that parents' competence and perceived influence and control over their child's health care appeared to affect how they mastered their role of involvement in decision‐making. Individually tailored and respectful facilitation of parental involvement in these decisions by health professionals seemed to improve parents' influence, control and ability to cope with the parental role. Nurses should thus strengthen parents' sense of coherence enhancing the quality of health care.
Serious hepatotoxicity following use of isoniazid preventive therapy in HIV patients in Eritrea
Authors: Russom Mulugeta , Debesai Merhawi , Zeregabr Mehari , Berhane Araia , Tekeste Theodros , Teklesenbet Teklezghi 
Published: July 2018

AbstractWHO information note indicates that isoniazid preventive therapy (IPT) is generally safe with little risk of hepatotoxicity. However, when the policy of IPT for HIV patients was introduced in Eritrea, frequent IPT‐associated hepatotoxicity and fatality have been reported to the Pharmacovigilance Centre. The aim of the study is to assess the causal association of IPT and hepatotoxicity and identify possible risk factors in patients on Highly Active Anti‐retroviral Therapy (HAART). This is a case series assessment of spontaneously reported cases to the Eritrean Pharmacovigilance Centre. Data extracted from VigiFlow (reported between 2014 and 2016) were exported to excel spread sheet for descriptive and qualitative analysis. Naranjo probability scale and Austin Bradford‐Hill criteria were used to assess causality. The P‐Method was used to assess preventability. A total of 31 of cases of hepatotoxicity related to IPT were retrieved. Majority (80.6%) of the cases were marked as “serious” due to life‐threatening situation (n = 15), hospitalization (n = 6), and death (n = 4). Baseline liver function test was normal in 61.3% and hepatitis B and C infections were ruled out in 77.4%. IPT was discontinued in 26 cases and reaction abated in 22 of them. Causality assessment using Austin Bradford‐Hill criteria found that the association was strong, consistent and specific with a plausible temporal relationship and biological mechanism. IPT‐associated hepatotoxicity that led to treatment interruption and death was observed in patients on HAART in Eritrea. Hence, close laboratory monitoring of patients is recommended to minimize the risk.
Sensitive and Reproducible Immunoassay of Multiple Mycotoxins Using Surface‐Enhanced Raman Scattering Mapping on 3D Plasmonic Nanopillar Arrays
Authors: Wang Xiaokun , Park Sung‐Gyu , Ko Juhui , Xiao Xiaofei , Giannini Vincenzo , Maier Stefan A. , Kim Dong‐Ho , Choo Jaebum 
Published: July 2018

AbstractA surface‐enhanced Raman scattering‐based mapping technique is reported for the highly sensitive and reproducible analysis of multiple mycotoxins. Raman images of three mycotoxins, ochratoxin A (OTA), fumonisin B (FUMB), and aflatoxin B1 (AFB1) are obtained by rapidly scanning the surface‐enhanced Raman scattering (SERS) nanotags‐anchoring mycotoxins captured on a nanopillar plasmonic substrate. In this system, the decreased gap distance between nanopillars by their leaning effects as well as the multiple hot spots between SERS nanotags and nanopillars greatly enhances the coupling of local plasmonic fields. This strong enhancement effect makes it possible to perform a highly sensitive detection of multiple mycotoxins. In addition, the high uniformity of the densely packed nanopillar substrate minimizes the spot‐to‐spot fluctuations of the Raman peak intensity in the scanned area when Raman mapping is performed. Consequently, this makes it possible to gain a highly reproducible quantitative analysis of mycotoxins. The limit of detections (LODs) are determined to be 5.09, 5.11, and 6.07 pg mL−1 for OTA, FUMB, and AFB1, and these values are approximately two orders of magnitude more sensitive than those determined by the enzyme‐linked immunosorbent assays. It is believed that this SERS‐based mapping technique provides a facile tool for the sensitive and reproducible quantification of various biotarget molecules.
Subsequent Migration of Immigrants Within Australia, 1981–2016
Authors: Raymer James , Baffour Bernard 
Published: July 2018

AbstractAustralia is a major immigration country and immigrants currently represent around 28% of the total population. The aim of this research is to understand the long-term consequences of this immigration and, particularly, how migrants respond to opportunities within the country after arriving through the process of subsequent (internal) migration. The focus is on major immigrant groups in Australia, including persons born in the United Kingdom, New Zealand, China and India, and how their patterns differ from persons born in Australia. To conduct this analysis, we have gathered data for a 35-year period based on quinquennial census data. We also obtained birthplace-specific mortality data for constructing multiregional life tables for the immigrant populations. Subsequent migration is important for understanding population redistribution, and the relative attractiveness of destinations within host countries. Our results highlight the importance of subsequent migration and the diversity of migration behaviours amongst different immigrant groups in the context of overall declines in internal migration since 1981.
Proximal Iliotibial Band Syndrome in a Runner: A Case Report
Authors: Decker Gregory , Hunt Devyani 
Published: July 2018

Overuse injuries of the hip are frequent among runners and often present a diagnostic dilemma requiring imaging modalities beyond radiographs, delayed diagnosis, and prolonged time away from sport and activity. We report a case of a 38‐year‐old female recreational runner with progressive lateral hip pain and magnetic resonance imaging findings of edema along the gluteal aponeurotic fascia and origin of the tensor fascia lata muscle consistent with the diagnosis of enthesopathy of the proximal iliotibial band.Level of EvidenceV