bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Peroxidase evolution in white-rot fungi follows wood lignin evolution in plants
Authors: Ayuso-Fernández Iván , Rencoret Jorge , Gutiérrez Ana , Ruiz-Dueñas Francisco Javier , Martínez Angel T. 
Published: August 2019

Significance
We analyze the evolution of ligninolytic peroxidases from wood-rotting fungi using conifer and angiosperm lignin as representatives of 2 steps of lignin evolution. By enzyme resurrection, we show that during fungal evolution, these enzymes improved their activity and switched their degradative preferences with the rise of a surface tryptophan conferring on them the ability to oxidize nonphenolic lignin. We calibrated the peroxidase phylogeny and determined that this residue appeared coincident with angiosperm diversification, characterized by the synthesis of a more complex and less phenolic lignin due to the general incorporation of a new unit in its structure. This way, we show that fungal evolution followed that of lignin synthesis, pointing to a coevolution between fungal saprotrophs and their plant hosts.
Human cytomegalovirus glycoprotein B variants affect viral entry, cell fusion, and genome stability
Authors: Tang Jiajia , Frascaroli Giada , Lebbink Robert J. , Ostermann Eleonore , Brune Wolfram 
Published: August 2019

Significance
Human cytomegalovirus (HCMV) is a major cause of morbidity and mortality in transplant patients and the most common infectious cause of birth defects. Although HCMV is not a generally accepted cause of cancer, it shares similarities to cancer-causing viruses: It dysregulates the cell cycle, activates the DNA damage response, and suppresses apoptosis. However, causes and consequences of these viral properties remain poorly understood. Here we show that HCMV activates caspase-2, an apoptosis-related enzyme activated by DNA damage and abnormal mitosis, in a strain-specific manner. Caspase-2 activation depends on envelope glycoprotein B variants with increased fusogenicity, which facilitate viral entry, promote cell fusion, and affect genome stability. These results suggest that specific glycoprotein B variants might affect HCMV transmission and pathogenicity.
Sequential localization of a complex electron fluid
Authors: Martelli Valentina , Cai Ang , Nica Emilian M. , Taupin Mathieu , Prokofiev Andrey , Liu Chia-Chuan , Lai Hsin-Hua , Yu Rong , Ingersent Kevin , Küchler Robert , Strydom André M. , Geiger Diana , Haenel Jonathan , Larrea Julio , Si Qimiao , Paschen Silke 
Published: August 2019

Significance
Many of the most fascinating and actively investigated materials classes host strongly correlated electrons. Their understanding is challenging because the strong correlations cause entwining of multiple degrees of freedom of an electron, such as spin, orbital, and charge. This complexity is ubiquitous and underlies many of the rich properties. The question then is whether there are universal organizing principles that provide simplicity to the description. Here, by studying a prototype material with entwined spin and orbital degrees of freedom and a theoretical model pertinent to it, we have demonstrated correlation-driven electron localization–delocalization as such a principle. It happens sequentially, involving a single quantum number at a time, thus deciphering the roles of the individual degrees of freedom.
Risk attitudes and personality traits of entrepreneurs and venture team members
Authors: Kerr Sari Pekkala , Kerr William R. , Dalton Margaret 
Published: August 2019

Significance
We quantify personality traits and risk tolerances among entrepreneurs and their venture team members using a unique and in-depth survey of multiple locations of an innovation and coworking center. Our survey captures respondents’ own perceptions of their personality traits and an observational assessment of their risk tolerance via a prize lottery. These detailed profiles allow us to describe similarities and differences between entrepreneurs, nonfounder CEOs/leaders, inventor employees, and noninventor employees. This survey provides a characterization of these different personality profiles in innovative firms and environments that have all roles present and thus controlling for confounding environment factors.
Birch tar production does not prove Neanderthal behavioral complexity
Authors: Schmidt Patrick , Blessing Matthias , Rageot Maxime , Iovita Radu , Pfleging Johannes , Nickel Klaus G. , Righetti Ludovic , Tennie Claudio 
Published: August 2019

SignificanceWe found a previously unknown way to produce birch tar. Instead of creating cognitively demanding structures (underground or in containers), this method consists of simply burning bark close to cobbles in a hearth. The tar is deposited on the stones and can be scraped off for use. This approach to interpreting early tar resolves the mystery of the associated and still not understood early technical complexity and provides a “discoverable” pathway to one of the earliest pyrotechnologies. These results have implications for our interpretation of birch tar in the archaeological record: Birch tar from early archaeological contexts alone can no longer indicate the presence of modern cognition and/or cultural behaviors in Neanderthals.
The dynamic layering of relational pairs in L2 classrooms
Authors: Moutinho Ricardo 
Published: August 2019

AbstractThe focus of this paper will be placed upon the methods people use to interact in second language learning settings, discussing interactional aspects of language use in the ongoing production of classroom events. The extracts selected for analysis were drawn from Portuguese language lessons (for beginner and advanced students) in a Chinese university. The results show how L2 classroom participants secure joint orientation and mutual understanding of the categorial pairs (such as ‘teacher-student’ and ‘native-non-native’) being invoked in the sequential organization of the utterances. In other words, when classroom members show orientation to a categorial pair, their subsequent moves will exhibit predicates (actions) of that pair, which will be available to the analyst as phenomena to be explored. This suggests that the sequential elements of the interaction and the membership categorization work carried out by the participants require attention for praxiological enquiries.
Variation in address practices across languages and nations
Authors: Wide Camilla , Lappalainen Hanna , Rouhikoski Anu , Norrby Catrin , Lindholm Camilla , Lindström Jan , Nilsson Jenny 
Published: August 2019

Abstract
This article compares variation in the use of address practices across languages (Swedish,
Finnish) and national varieties (Sweden Swedish, Finland Swedish). It undertakes quantitative and qualitative
analyses of three sets of transcribed medical consultations. In Sweden Swedish, address pronouns which lower
social distance overwhelmingly dominate. In Finnish, both address forms reducing social distance and practices
maintaining greater distance are found, with age and level of acquaintance revealed as the most salient
factors. Finland Swedish is located somewhere between Sweden Swedish and Finnish, displaying a stronger
tendency than Finnish to use informal direct address forms to reduce social distance, but also showing
similarities with Finnish in the use of direct formal address and indirect address. The differences can be
related to larger socio-cultural patterns which, however, form a continuum rather than a fixed set keeping the
two languages and countries completely apart.
Parts of speech membership as a factor of meaning extension and level of abstraction
Authors: Kanasugi Petra 
Published: August 2019

Abstract
Czech and Japanese show formal differences in adnominal modification. Czech tends to utilize adjectives for both
classification and qualification purposes whereas Japanese tends to express classification by compounding and to use a whole range
of parts of speech for qualification. As a result, part of speech membership often differs between the Czech and Japanese
rendering of the same referential content. It has been shown that parts of speech dispose of schematic meaning which contributes
to conceptualization. Based on the results of corpora analysis, I argue that the difference in parts of speech membership results
in different tendencies in meaning extension and ultimately in different meaning of the two counterparts, Czech adjectives are
more abstract and schematic while Japanese verbs are more concrete.
Evolutionary order of macro-events in Mandarin
Authors: Li Fuyin Thomas 
Published: August 2019

AbstractThis article aims to explore the evolutionary order of the five types of macro-event in Mandarin. As a methodology, a closed corpus is set up for five historical stages. The following is concluded: (1) The “V+C” constructions representing a macro-event started to appear from Stage III and continued to be used until the present stage; (2) The “V+C” constructions can only represent four out of five types of Talmy’s macro-event, and action correlating is not systematically represented; (3) The four types of macro-event appeared at a relatively similar time period, and their proportion is: Motion > State change > Temporal > Realization; (4) Verbs with PATH meaning in the V2 slot are more prone to grammaticalization than in the V1 in the serial verb construction “V1+V2”. This research is significant in bridging the areas of event structure, grammaticalization and typology, and might have implications for other languages as well.
Compounds and culture
Authors: Nesset Tore , Sokolova Svetlana 
Published: August 2019

AbstractThis study explores compounds from the perspective of conceptual blending (conceptual integration), and argues that the meaning of compounds arises through the interaction of three levels: (i) input spaces established for the head and non-head components, (ii) a blended space involving compression and emergent structure, i.e. elements not imported from the input spaces, and (iii) the language system as a whole and the culture this system is part of. With regard to (iii) we propose the “Culture-to-Compound Hypothesis”, according to which compounding can be recruited to represent culturally “novel” content in languages where compounding enjoys a peripheral status in the language system. The examples discussed in the article come from Norwegian (a Germanic language where compounding is a central word-formation mechanism) and Russian (a Slavic language where compounding is more marginal in the language system).
Conceptual metaphors and performativity in the Sunshine Policy
Authors: Kwon Iksoo 
Published: August 2019

AbstractThis paper explores the roles of the cognitive mechanisms of conceptual metaphor and performativity in political policy by conducting a case study on the South Korean government’s Sunshine Policy toward North Korea from 1998 to 2008. This study contends that the policy is metaphorically motivated by an Aesop’s fable,The sun and the wind, a narrative whose entailments have significant implications for the policy. It also systematically accounts for the policy’s performative characteristic, focusing on the fact that the policy makers intended to map the causal relationship of the narrative onto a real-world relationship, even though the real-world causal relationship must be based on the unknown result of the policy. Lastly, this paper discusses theoretical implications of the performativity entangled with the conceptual metaphors in the policy; the real-world concept is usually what limits the mapping possibilities, but in this case, the narrative structure of the fable determines the construal.
Preconditioning inverse problems for hyperbolic equations with applications to photoacoustic tomography
Authors: Beigl Alexander , Scherzer Otmar , Sogn Jarle , Zulehner Walter 
Published: August 2019

Abstract
This paper is concerned with the preconditioning of wave equation-constrained linear inverse problems from boundary observation data, such as, for instance, photoacoustic tomography, which is considered as an application. The main result of this paper is a concept for regularization parameter robust preconditioning. That is, we propose a preconditioner for the PDE-constrained optimization problem such that the condition number of the preconditioned optimality system is uniformly bounded with respect to the regularization parameter. Using an augmented Lagrangian formulation for the discretized optimality system, we employ a discretization strategy which renders the discretized preconditioned system robust with respect to both the regularization parameter and the mesh size. Numerical experiments complement our analysis.
Neural network study of hidden-charm pentaquark resonances
Authors: Mutuk Halil 
Published: August 2019

Abstract
Recently, the LHCb experiment announced the observation of hidden-charm pentaquark states

,

, and

near

and

thresholds. In this present work, we studied these pentaquarks in the framework of the nonrelativistic quark model with four types of potential. We solved five-body Schrödinger equation by using the artificial neural network method and made predictions of parities for these states, which are not yet determined by experiment. The mass of another possible pentaquark state near the

with

is also calculated.
Study of the

rare hyperon decays in the Standard Model and new physics *
Authors: Hu Xiao-Hui , Zhao Zhen-Xing 
Published: August 2019

Abstract
FCNC processes offer important tools to test the Standard Model (SM) and to search for possible new physics. In this work, we investigate the

rare hyperon decays in SM and beyond. We find that in SM the branching ratios for these rare hyperon decays range from

to

. When all the errors in the form factors are included, we find that the final branching ratios for most decay modes have an uncertainty of about 5% to 10%. After taking into account the contribution from new physics, the generalized SUSY extension of SM and the minimal 331 model, the decay widths for these channels can be enhanced by a factor of

.
Applicability of 9Be global optical potential to reactions of 7,10,11,12Be *
Authors: Xu Yong-Li , Han Yin-Lu , Liang Hai-Ying , Wu Zhen-Dong , Guo Hai-Rui , Cai Chong-Hai 
Published: August 2019

Abstract
Elastic scattering angular distributions and total reaction cross-sections of 7,10,11,12Be projectiles are predicted by the systematic 9Be global phenomenological optical model potential for target mass numbers ranging from 24 to 209. These predictions provide a detailed analysis by their comparison with the available experimental data. Furthermore, these elastic scattering observables are also predicted for some targets out of the mass number range. The results are in reasonable agreement with the existing experimental data, and they are presented in this study.
Response functions of hot and dense matter in the Nambu-Jona-Lasino model *
Authors: Mu Chengfu , Wang Ziyue , He Lianyi 
Published: August 2019

Abstract
We investigate current-current correlation functions, or the so-called response functions of a two-flavor Nambu-Jona-Lasino model at finite temperature and density. The linear response is investigated introducing the conjugated gauge fields as external sources within the functional path integral approach. The response functions can be obtained by expanding the generational functional in powers of the external sources. We derive the response functions parallel to two well-established approximations for equilibrium thermodynamics, namely mean-field theory and a beyond-mean-field theory, taking into account mesonic contributions. Response functions based on the mean-field theory recover the so-called quasiparticle random phase approximation. We calculate the dynamical structure factors for the density responses in various channels within the random phase approximation, showing that the dynamical structure factors in the baryon axial vector and isospin axial vector channels can be used to reveal the quark mass gap and the Mott dissociation of mesons, respectively. Noting that the mesonic contributions are not taken into account in the random phase approximation, we also derive the response functions parallel to the beyond-mean-field theory. We show that the mesonic fluctuations naturally give rise to three kinds of famous diagrammatic contributions: the Aslamazov-Lakin contribution, the self-energy or density-of-state contribution, and the Maki-Thompson contribution. Unlike the equilibrium case, in evaluating the fluctuation contributions, we need to carefully treat the linear terms in external sources and the induced perturbations. In the chiral symmetry breaking phase, we find an additional chiral order parameter induced contribution, which ensures that the temporal component of the response functions in the static and long-wavelength limit recovers the correct charge susceptibility defined using the equilibrium thermodynamic quantities. These contributions from mesonic fluctuations are expected to have significant effects on the transport properties of hot and dense matter around the chiral phase transition or crossover, where the mesonic degrees of freedom are still important.
Energy staggering parameters in nuclear magnetic rotational bands *
Authors: Sun Wu-Ji , Li Jian 
Published: August 2019

Abstract
This study presents the systematics of energy staggering for magnetic rotational bands with

and

transition properties, which are strictly consistent with the features of good candidates of magnetic rotational bands in the

, 110, 130, and 190 mass regions. The regularities exhibited by these bands with respect to the staggering parameter, which increases with increasing spin, are in agreement with the semiclassical description of shears mechanism. Moreover, the abnormal behaviour in the backbend regions or close to band termination has also been discussed. Taking the magnetic dipole bands with same configuration in three

isotones, i.e.,

,

, and

, as examples, the transition from chiral to magnetic rotation with the proton number approaching

is presented. Moreover, the self-consistent tilted axis and principle axis cranking relativistic mean-field theories are applied to investigate the rotational mechanism in the dipole band of

.
Classical model for diffusion and thermalization of heavy quarks in a hot medium: memory and out-of-equilibrium effects *
Authors: Ruggieri Marco , Frasca Marco , Das Santosh Kumar 
Published: August 2019

Abstract
We consider a simple model for the diffusion of heavy quarks in a hot bath, modeling the latter by an ensemble of oscillators distributed according to either a thermal distribution or to an out-of-equilibrium distribution with a saturation scale. In this model it is easy to introduce memory effects by changing the distribution of oscillators: we model them by introducing a Gaussian distribution,

, which can be deformed continuously from a

function, giving a Markov dissipation, to a broad kernel with memory. Deriving the equation of motion of the heavy quark in the bath, we remark how dissipation comes out naturally as an effect of the back-reaction of the oscillators on the bath. Moreover, the exact solution of this equation allows to define the thermalization time as the time necessary to remove any memory of the initial conditions. We find that the broadening of the dissipative kernel, while keeping the coupling fixed, lowers the thermalization time. We also derive the fluctuation-dissipation theorem for the bath, and use it to estimate the kinematic regime in which momentum diffusion of the heavy quark dominates over drift. We find that diffusion is more important as long as

is small, where

and

denote the initial energy of the heavy quark and the average energy of the bath, respectively.
Perturbative modes and black hole entropy in f (Ricci) gravity *
Authors: Wang Chuanyi , Zhao Liu 
Published: August 2019

Abstract

f (Ricci) gravity is a special kind of higher curvature gravity whose bulk Lagrangian density is the trace of a matrix-valued function of the Ricci tensor. It is shown that under some mild constraints, f (Ricci) gravity admits Einstein manifolds as exact vacuum solutions, and can be ghost-free and tachyon-free around maximally symmetric Einstein vacua. It is also shown that the entropy for spherically symmetric black holes in f (Ricci) gravity calculated via the Wald method and the boundary Noether charge approach are in good agreement.
W-hairs of the black holes in three-dimensional spacetime *
Authors: Wang Jing-Bo 
Published: August 2019

Abstract
In a previous publication, we claimed that a black hole can be considered as a topological insulator. A direct consequence of this claim is that their symmetries should be related. In this paper, we give a representation of the near-horizon symmetry algebra of the BTZ black hole using the W
1+∞ symmetry algebra of the topological insulator in three-dimensional spacetime. Based on the W
1+∞ algebra, we count the number of the microstates of the BTZ black holes and obtain the Bekenstein-Hawking entropy.
Criteria analysis in the selection method of mud pumping in coal mining project
Authors: Aryoseno  , Ahyudanari Ervina 
Published: August 2019

Abstract
The process of discharging water from the pit is one of the stages prior to the continued excavation of coal deposits. Due to the increase of coal price, several areas that were not economically valuable became visible to re-mined. In some mine ponds that are considered economically viable, are necessary to pump the mud before carried out the water before further digging. This requirement needs decision-making for the determination of sludge pumping methods. A large number of criterion variables for selecting the best mud pumping method drives this study. The distance of three mine ponds under the company is quite far each other. Some steps were executed to have the best method to cater to the problem. The results indicate that there are six criteria that suitable to be considered in selecting a method for mud pumping. Those are the productivity of pump, man power, mobilization, supporting facilities, flexibilities, and operational cost.
Design of output power control system based on mass flow rate comparison of air and fuel ratio (AFR) on dual fuel generator set by using pid control method
Authors: Toriki M B , Widjiantoro B L , Abdurrakhman A 
Published: August 2019

Abstract
Generator set is a tool that is used to generate energy or electrical power. The electric power generated by the generator set is used to supply the electrical loads in this thesis is lamp. Power that can be produced by a generator set is ranged between 100-1200 watt. The power generated by generator set is used influenced by a mixture ofair and fuel. Generator set used is dual fuel generator set. From the results of this study, a stable response with overshoot value below 0% and its error is 2%. In addition, the best obtained value of Air Fuel Ratio (AFR) is 15.06, Furthermore, the stability of the power generated by the generator set is also influenced by the flowrate mass of the fuel injected into the combustion chamber. From the simulation results when given a power set point at 1200 watt, obtained value of the air mass flowrate is 0.03754 kg/s, mass flowrate of biogas is 0.002367 kg/s, and gasoline constant mass flowrate is 0.000125 kg/s. Meanwhile, when given a set point of 100 watts of power, a value of 0.009928 kg/s air mass flowrate is injected to the chamber, mass flowrate of biogas is 0.0005341 kg/s and the mass flowrate of gasoline is 0.000125 kg/s. The goal of output power control on generator set is to make generator working to produce output power in accordance to required load.