bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
SAPHO and CRMO: The Value of Imaging
Authors: Klicman Rikke , Simoni Paolo , Robinson Philip , Teh James , Jurik Anne 
Published: April 2018

AbstractThe syndromes synovitis, acne, pustulosis, hyperostosis, and osteitis (SAPHO) and chronic recurrent multifocal osteomyelitis (CRMO) constitute a group of chronic relapsing inflammatory osteoarticular disorders with frequently associated skin eruptions such as palmoplantar pustulosis and acne conglobata and rather characteristic imaging features in the form of osteitis and/or hyperostosis. CRMO predominantly occurs in children/adolescents and SAPHO in adults. Any skeletal site can be involved, and the imaging appearances vary, depending on the patient's age and the stage/age of the lesion. The diagnosis may be difficult if there is no skin disease, but attention to characteristic imaging appearances may help avoid misdiagnosis (e.g., infection and tumor) and thereby unnecessary invasive procedures as well as facilitating early diagnosis and appropriate treatment. This article provides an overview of the radiologic appearances of SAPHO/CRMO and relevant pathogenetic, clinical, and pathologic features to facilitate the diagnosis that often requires an interdisciplinary approach including radiologists.
Musculoskeletal Manifestations of Non-RA Connective Tissue Diseases: Scleroderma, Systemic Lupus Erythematosus, Still's Disease, Dermatomyositis/Polymyositis, Sjögren's Syndrome, and Mixed Connective Tissue Disease
Authors: Sudoł-Szopińska Iwona , Larkman Neal , O'Connor Phil , Cotten Anne , Jacques Thibaut 
Published: April 2018

AbstractThe most common systemic rheumatologic conditions are connective tissue diseases (including rheumatoid arthritis [RA]) followed by spondyloarthropathy. With the advent of biotherapies and imaging biomarkers, development in the imaging of RA and spondyloarthropathies has received substantial attention in the literature. This article details the various musculoskeletal imaging features of the other connective tissue diseases such as scleroderma and progressive systemic sclerosis, systemic lupus erythematosus, Still's disease, dermatomyositis and polymyositis, Sjögren's syndrome, and mixed connective tissue disease.
Successful replantation of the scalp with a good aesthetic outcome and return of sensation – a case report and literature
update.
Authors: Ulatowski Lukasz , Kaniewska Anna 
Published: April 2018

AbstractReplantation of a totally avulsed scalp is a demanding microsurgical procedure with no good alternatives. Here, we present a case of successful scalp
replantation after 11 hours of cold ischemia in a 24-year-old woman. The steps of the procedure, the outcomes, and a review of the literature are presented.
Adhering to the steps outlined in this report during replantation is vital for success, and allows the serious complications and pitfalls associated with this
procedure to be avoided. Following basic plastic surgery principles leads to better aesthetic outcomes. We observed good, even hair growth, and the return of
sensation to the skin and frontal muscle function. Replantation of an avulsed scalp is an effective treatment that allows the patient to return to normal life
after severe physical and psychological trauma.
Multiple large-scale gene and genome duplications during the evolution of hexapods
Authors: Li Zheng , Tiley George P. , Galuska Sally R. , Reardon Chris R. , Kidder Thomas I. , Rundell Rebecca J. , Barker Michael S. 
Published: April 2018

Significance
Polyploidy or whole genome duplication (WGD) is considered a major force in plant evolution, but less important in animals. The most diverse group of animals, the insects, are thought to have evolved without ever experiencing a WGD. Our analyses of diverse genomic data found evidence for 18 ancient WGDs and at least six other bursts of gene duplication during the evolution of insects. Further, we found that the functional patterns of gene retention and loss in these insect genomes are consistent with the signatures of WGDs. The expanding collection of genomic data for insects will provide many opportunities to further evaluate the evidence for WGDs and understand the impact of polyploidy on insect evolution.
Rapid selection of a pyrethroid metabolic enzyme CYP9K1 by operational malaria control activities
Authors: Vontas John , Grigoraki Linda , Morgan John , Tsakireli Dimitra , Fuseini Godwin , Segura Luis , Niemczura de Carvalho Julie , Nguema Raul , Weetman David , Slotman Michel A. , Hemingway Janet 
Published: April 2018

Significance
Eliminating malaria from islands should, in theory, be easier than eliminating malaria from countries in mainland Africa because of restricted movement of insects and people between treated and untreated areas. The example of Bioko Island, where the entomological inoculation rate in 2004 was among the highest in Africa, demonstrates how difficult this can be. Vector control has eliminated two of the four vector species, and malaria has been dramatically reduced. This study demonstrates rapid evolution of resistance following reintroduction of pyrethroid-based control interventions, with the selection of a P450-based mechanism (CYP9K1). Urban malaria, movement of infected people from the mainland, and selection of this pyrethroid-resistance mechanism in addition to knockdown resistance has impeded progress and forced a change to nonpyrethroid indoor residual spraying.
Ribosomal DNA copy loss and repeat instability in ATRX-mutated cancers
Authors: Udugama Maheshi , Sanij Elaine , Voon Hsiao P. J. , Son Jinbae , Hii Linda , Henson Jeremy D. , Chan F. Lyn , Chang Fiona T. M. , Liu Yumei , Pearson Richard B. , Kalitsis Paul , Mann Jeffrey R. , Collas Philippe , Hannan Ross D. , Wong Lee H. 
Published: April 2018

Significance
We demonstrate that ATRX maintains ribosomal DNA (rDNA) heterochromatin formation and stability. ATRX-depleted cells suffer extensive rDNA copy loss, resulting in a reduced ribosomal RNA transcription output and an increased sensitivity to RNA polymerase I (Pol I) inhibition. Supporting these data, we have also detected reduced rDNA copy in ATRX mutated ALT-positive human primary tumor samples and increased sensitivity of human ALT cancer cell lines to RNA Pol I transcription inhibitor. Our study highlights the therapeutic potential of Pol I transcription inhibitors for the treatment of ATRX-mutated cancers.
General description of the metonymy database in the Córdoba project, with particular attention to the issues of hierarchy, prototypicality, and taxonomic domains
Authors: Barcelona Antonio 
Published: April 2018

Abstract
This chapter presents part of the results of our project on metonymy, one of the aims of which is to compile a detailed database of metonymy. The database entry model is first briefly described, but the chapter focuses on the discussion of three issues addressed by four of the database entry fields. The first issue is the hierarchical level at which the metonymy under analysis should be located (fields 2 and 10). The second issue (Field 3) is the metonymy’s degree of prototypicality. The third issue, covered by Field 4, is the type of “taxonomic” domain with source or target role, e.g. “vehicles” and “drivers” in the example of object used for user

The buses are on strike.
How metonymy motivates constructions
Authors: Bierwiaczonek Bogusław 
Published: April 2018

Abstract
This chapter shows how constructional metonymy, whereby a part Y of a grammatical construction X is used to access the whole construction X, leads to the emergence of new grammatical constructions. Such metonymically motivated constructions are called dependent constructions, as opposed to the autonomous constructions they originally targeted. The construction I consider in detail is the monoclausal if-only P construction. I attempt to demonstrate that, contrary to Dancygier and Sweetser’s (2005), there is no single if-only P construction but, rather, a network of at least four if-only P constructions, which differ in their time reference, epistemic stance and illocutionary force. My proposal shows that the emergence of such dependent constructions is usually motivated by the familiar part-for-whole metonymy.
Are smartphone face and Googleheads a real or a fake phenomenon?
Authors: Portero-Muñoz Carmen 
Published: April 2018

Abstract
This paper seeks to provide evidence of the pervasiveness of metonymy as a resource triggering the creation of examples of a remnant category in morphological research, so-called ‘exocentric’ compounds. Exocentricity is not a homogeneous phenomenon in English, where it is typically represented by bahuvrihi compounds, which refer to an entity via a salient property on the basis of the metonymy part for whole. This research starts up with the collection of a corpus of over 300 English compounds with a body-part noun as the right component. As a result of the search, some regions of productivity will be shown to exist, not only by the creation of new instantiations of existing patterns but also by the emergence of new subtypes.
Epidemiology and Outcomes of Hospitalizations With Invasive Aspergillosis in the United States, 2009–2013
Authors: Zilberberg Marya D , Nathanson Brian H , Harrington Rachel , Spalding James R , Shorr Andrew F 
Published: April 2018

Abstract

Background
Though invasive aspergillosis (IA) complicates care of up to 13% of patients with immunocompromise, little is known about its morbidity and mortality burden in the United States.

Methods
We analyzed the Health Care Utilization Project’s data from the Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality for 2009–2013. Among subjects with high-risk conditions for IA, IA was identified via International Classification of Diseases, Ninth Revision, Clinical Modification codes 117.3, 117.9, and 484.6. We compared characteristics and outcomes between those with (IA) and without IA (non-IA). Using propensity score matching, we calculated the IA-associated excess mortality and 30-day readmission rates, length of stay, and costs.

Results
Of the 66634683 discharged patients meeting study inclusion criteria, 154888 (0.2%) had a diagnosis of IA. The most common high-risk conditions were major surgery (50.1%) in the non-IA and critical illness (41.0%) in the IA group. After propensity score matching, both mortality (odds ratio, 1.43; 95% confidence interval, 1.36–1.51) and 30-day readmission (1.39; 1.34–1.45) rates were higher in the IA group. IA was associated with 6.0 (95% confidence interval, 5.7–6.4) excess days in the hospital and $15542 ($13869–$17215) in excess costs per hospitalization.

Conclusions
Although rare even among high-risk groups, IA is associated with increased hospital mortality and 30-day readmission rates, excess duration of hospitalization, and costs. Given nearly 40000 annual admissions for IA in the United States, the aggregate IA-attributable excess costs may reach $600 million annually.
Conclusion Bringing the Economy Back In
Authors: Ince Onur Ulas 
Published: April 2018

Abstract
This chapter recapitulates the theoretical conclusions of the book, highlights its contributions, and identifies the further lines of research that it opens up. It is argued that colonial capitalism offers a new perspective on liberalism and empire by shifting the focus from who the colonized are to what the colonizers do as an ideological challenge to the universal claims of liberalism. Secondly, colonial capitalism as an analytic frame can generate systematic explanations of how liberal thinkers parsed and ordered the variety of cultural differences between Europeans and non-Europeans, and why they emphasized certain differences over others as being more relevant for imperial justification or anti-imperial critique. Finally, it is maintained that introducing capitalism into the study of political theory in the imperial context pushes the boundaries of political theory more broadly to encompass questions, such as of dispossession and exploitation, conventionally relegated to critical social theory and political economy.
Probably the Best Theory on Earth
Authors: Livermore Roy 
Published: April 2018

Abstract
The magnetic bar-code on the ocean floor provides convincing evidence of moving continents, yet, as with the discovery of the structure of DNA, few are convinced—at first. Drilling in the deep oceans and geochemical work at mid-ocean ridges provides further evidence in support of the Vine–Matthews Hypothesis. Application of the hypothesis to data collected in the Pacific and Atlantic Oceans establishes sea-floor spreading as the process that creates new oceans and, in conjunction with reversals of the geomagnetic field, stamps the bar-code into the rocks beneath the sea bed.
Plate Tectonics by Creeps
Authors: Livermore Roy 
Published: April 2018

Abstract
Earthquakes are caused primarily by the movement of plates. Plates move over the mantle, and the mantle is solid rock. So why aren’t there earthquakes beneath the plates? If all plates are moving (and they are), there should be earthquakes just about everywhere, at a depth corresponding to the base of the plates. The answer is that, while plate boundaries are the natural home of jerks, the mantle beneath the plates is the preserve of creeps. Except where cold slabs penetrate to depths of 650 km or more, the mantle moves only very gradually by creep, a phenomenon that occurs in many solids, including metals, when subjected to stress. Creep can be very inconvenient, particularly where a metal happens to form part of, say, a turbine blade in an aero engine. On the other hand, creep is the process that transformed the Earth into a living world.
Introduction
Authors: Vaez-Zadeh Sadegh 
Published: April 2018

Abstract
An overview of permanent magnet synchronous (PMS) motors and the related control system are presented in this chapter as introductory materials for the rest of the book. The interconnections of the control system to the power electronic inverter and the motor are emphasized. In addition, the major parts of the system are overviewed. Pulse width-modulated voltage source inverter, as the most commonly used power converter in PMS motor drives, is briefly discussed. PMS motors configurations and operating principles are also presented after considering characteristics of permanent magnet materials. Major PMS motor control methods including vector control, direct torque control, predictive control, deadbeat control, and combined vector and direct torque control are briefly reviewed. Finally, several rotor position and speed estimation schemes, and offline and online parameter estimation methods are overviewed.
Predictive, Deadbeat, and Combined Controls
Authors: Vaez-Zadeh Sadegh 
Published: April 2018

Abstract
In this chapter, three control methods recently developed for or applied to electric motors in general and to permanent magnet synchronous (PMS) motors, in particular, are presented. The methods include model predictive control (MPC), deadbeat control (DBC), and combined vector and direct torque control (CC). The fundamental principles of the methods are explained, the machine models appropriate to the methods are derived, and the control systems are explained. The PMS motor performances under the control systems are also investigated. It is elaborated that MPC is capable of controlling the motor under an optimal performance according to a defined objective function. DBC, on the other hand, provides a very fast response in a single operating cycle. Finally, combined control produces motor dynamics faster than one under VC, with a smoother performance than the one under DTC.
Introduction
Authors: Phillips Tom 
Published: April 2018

AbstractThis volume addresses issues central to the study of ancient Greek performance culture: the role played by music in performed poetry; the ancients’ understanding of the relationship between music, poetry, and performance; and music’s relation to other areas of ancient intellectual life. This chapter comprises a brief discussion of the evidential difficulties involved in attempting to appreciate the effects created by ancient Greek music in conjunction with poetic texts. Some contemporary methodological approaches are canvassed as aids to this attempt, and an overview is provided of the chapters that make up the volume.
Lyric Atmospheres
Authors: Peponi Anastasia-Erasmia 
Published: April 2018

AbstractLyric genres have often been associated with a particular type of aesthetic experience in which semantic concreteness may give way to more diffused modes of perception and feeling, creating vague yet all-pervasive moods or atmospheres. This phenomenon has been largely attributed to lyric poetry’s heightened musicality, which in antiquity was further enhanced by actual singing and instrumental accompaniment. This chapter contends that in some of Plato’s dialogues interesting versions of this broader issue are either openly addressed or treated as an implicit struggle that results sometimes in negative, while at other times in remarkably creative, responses. In either case, Plato’s awareness and handling of this issue illuminates neglected but exciting aspects of his encounter with mousikē, mimesis, and the verbal arts.
Sounds You Cannot Hear
Authors: Porter James I. 
Published: April 2018

AbstractAncient musical and literary theory converge in a view about the ways in which aural effects are produced and received. According to both, sounds are constructed around gaps of sound. This is the source of their music and the pleasure they promise and then deliver—in the form of an appearance (a phantasia) that exists in the imagination rather than in the ear. Sounds that cannot be heard are truly sublime sounds. The chapter explores the genesis of this view of music, poetry, and the music of poetry in Cicero, the Hellenistic euphonist critics, and Longinus, with glances back at earlier stages of the same tradition (Aristoxenus, the fifth-century harmonikoi, and Gorgias), which in fact lies at the root of all song-culture in Greco-Roman antiquity.
Disreputable Music
Authors: Barker Andrew 
Published: April 2018

AbstractThis chapter discusses Plutarch’s depiction of an eminent musician’s performance at a symposium, the audience’s enthusiastic response to his ‘bad’ music, and Callimachus’ speech in its defence. Plutarch’s copious array of intertextual allusions serves to alert readers to the moral message the account is designed to convey. Numerous verbal and thematic echoes of Plato’s dialogues undermine the glamorous persona the musician projects, and expose the irresponsibility of the listeners’ responses. Callimachus’ defence is in turn subverted by confusions and unacceptable implications brought out through its medley of intertexts, which open with a flurry of explicit allusions to Peripatetic writings but eventually return to reminiscences of Plato. The chapter ends with the suggestion that in responding to Plutarch’s text, readers may also be filtering it through memories of their own past musical experiences, bringing the relation between the text’s message and its vehicle close to a species of intermediality.
Lost in the Crowd
Authors: Adams-Prassl Jeremias 
Published: April 2018

Abstract
This chapter explores the gig economy’s entrepreneurship narrative, juxtaposing platforms’ promises of autonomy, freedom, and self-determination with the sobering reality of algorithmic control. Life as a ‘micro-entrepreneur’, it turns out, is heavily conditioned by ever-watchful rating algorithms, which aggregate customer feedback and compliance with platform guidelines to exercise close control. Failure to comply can have drastic results. Moreover, depending on consumer demand, the promised flexibility of on-demand work can quickly turn into economic insecurity, as gig income is highly unpredictable from week to week. The promise of freedom similarly rings hollow for many—not least because of carefully constructed contractual agreements that ban some gig workers from taking platforms to court. Instead of enjoying the spoils of successful entrepreneurship, a significant proportion of on-demand workers find themselves trapped in precarious, low-paid work.
Geophysical Fluid Dynamics
Authors: Zeitlin Vladimir 
Published: April 2018

AbstractThe book explains the key notions and fundamental processes in the dynamics of the fluid envelopes of the Earth (transposable to other planets), and methods of their analysis, from the unifying viewpoint of rotating shallow-water model (RSW). The model, in its one- or two-layer versions, plays a distinguished role in geophysical fluid dynamics, having been used for around a century for conceptual understanding of various phenomena, for elaboration of approaches and methods, to be applied later in more complete models, for development and testing of numerical codes and schemes of data assimilations, and many other purposes. Principles of modelling of large-scale atmospheric and oceanic flows, and corresponding approximations, are explained and it is shown how single- and multi-layer versions of RSW arise from the primitive equations by vertical averaging, and how further time-averaging produces celebrated quasi-geostrophic reductions of the model. Key concepts of geophysical fluid dynamics are exposed and interpreted in RSW terms, and fundamentals of vortex and wave dynamics are explained in Part 1 of the book, which is supplied with exercises and can be used as a textbook. Solutions of the problems are available at Editorial Office by request. In-depth treatment of dynamical processes, with special accent on the primordial process of geostrophic adjustment, on instabilities in geophysical flows, vortex and wave turbulence and on nonlinear wave interactions follows in Part 2. Recently arisen new approaches in, and applications of RSW, including moist-convective processes constitute Part 3.
Wave Motions in Rotating Shallow Water with Boundaries, Topography, at the Equator, and in Laboratory
Authors: Zeitlin Vladimir 
Published: April 2018

AbstractThe chapter illustrates the influence of lateral boundaries, bottom topography, outcroppings, equatorial tangent plane approximation, and cylindrical channel geometry in laboratory experiments on the wave spectrum, and characteristics of waves in rotating shallow-water model. It is shown that all these effects lead to appearance of wave-guide modes, localised in one spatial direction, and freely propagating in another one. These modes are coastal and equatorial Kelvin waves, topographic and equatorial Rossby waves, shelf and edge waves, equatorial Yanai and inertia–gravity waves, and frontal waves. Their dispersion and polarisation relations are established, and their properties explained. Mountain (lee) waves are also treated.
Rotating Shallow-Water Models as Quasilinear Hyperbolic Systems, and Related Numerical Methods
Authors: Zeitlin Vladimir 
Published: April 2018

AbstractThe chapter contains the mathematical background necessary to understand the properties of RSW models and numerical methods for their simulations. Mathematics of RSW model is presented by using their one-dimensional reductions, which are necessarily’one-and-a-half’ dimensional, due to rotation and include velocity in the second direction. Basic notions of quasi-linear hyperbolic systems are recalled. The notions of weak solutions, wave breaking, and shock formation are introduced and explained on the example of simple-wave equation. Lagrangian description of RSW is used to demonstrate that rotation does not prevent wave-breaking. Hydraulic theory and Rankine–Hugoniot jump conditions are formulated for RSW models. In the two-layer case it is shown that the system loses hyperbolicity in the presence of shear instability. Ideas of construction of well-balanced (i.e. maintaining equilibria) shock-resolving finite-volume numerical methods are explained and these methods are briefly presented, with illustrations on nonlinear evolution of equatorial waves.