bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Peer-to-peer accommodation services in the sharing economy
Authors: So Kevin Kam Fung , Xie Karen L. , Wu Jiang 
Published: June 2019

Purpose
This study aims to focus on peer-to-peer accommodation services in the sharing economy. Adopting construal level theory as the theoretical foundation, this study investigates the main and interaction effects of social and spatial distances on guest loyalty toward peer-to-peer accommodation.

Design/methodology/approach
This study uses a secondary source of online observational data archived on Xiaozhu, a leading peer-to-peer accommodation sharing platform in China. It consists of 2,612 observations of 1,304 unique travelers who stayed at 559 listings managed by 281 hosts in four major metropolitan areas of China over four years from August 2012 to August 2016. Non-linear binary choice panel models of probability regressions were used to estimate the effects of psychological distances (social and spatial) between hosts and guests on the likelihood of repeat purchase. The software used for the econometric analyses is STATA 14.

Findings
The results indicate that social distance negatively affects guest loyalty toward the listing hosts, while spatial distance has a positive influence on guest loyalty. The results also show significant interactions between the two psychological distance dimensions in influencing loyalty. The findings provide important insight into the influences of psychological distances on travelers’ repeat purchase behavior toward peer-to-peer accommodation providers.

Originality/value
This study contributes to the literature by providing empirical evidence that supports the importance of psychological distances in forming a loyal relationship between hosts and guests in the peer-to-peer accommodation sector of the sharing economy.
Ritualized retail events and brand-centric employee culture
Authors: Liu Xi , Mi Bu , Li Fei , Zou Deqiang 
Published: June 2019

PurposeThis study aims to explore how the ideal employee effects of internal marketing are created and sustained. It aims to reveal the role that outbound marketing activities play in the reproduction of a brand-centric employee culture.Design/methodology/approachFrom an organizational ritual perspective, this study conducts a qualitative study of a Chinese department store’s anniversary celebration, which is a multi-day annual sales event. Data were collected through in-depth interviews, supplemented with corporate documents and field observation.FindingsThis study reveals that the focal event remains a success because the well-managed coordination of its onstage and backstage activities serves to reproduce an employee culture of espousing and voluntarily enacting corporately mandated role norms, values and beliefs.Practical implicationsFor the management of retail events with the aim of building organizational culture, this study points to the importance of emphasizing the symbolism of the sales promotion aspects of an event and paying as much attention to employees’ backstage experiences as to the public execution of a consumer event.Originality/valueThis study shows that external marketing could set the stage for internal marketing, with the ideal effects of internal marketing actually constructed and institutionalized during activities and procedures comprising outbound marketing. This suggests that a more nuanced view of the practice of internal marketing is warranted.
Elective oocyte freezing for nonmedical reasons: a 6‐year report on utilization and in vitro fertilization results from a Swedish center
Authors: Wennberg Anna‐Lena , Schildauer Kristina , Brännström Mats 
Published: June 2019

AbstractIntroductionElective oocyte freezing started in Sweden in 2011, a few years after oocyte vitrification was introduced internationally as an effective method for cryopreservation of oocytes. The objective of this study is to describe the age of the women who choose to undergo this procedure, the subsequent utilization of cryopreserved oocytes and the results of autologous in vitro fertilization (IVF).Material and methodsWe conducted a descriptive follow‐up study of a subset of women at a private IVF center. All women (n = 254) who electively vitrified oocytes at Nordic IVF Göteborg between 1 August 2011 and 31 August 2017 were included. Ages at oocyte vitrification and warming, number of vitrified oocytes and results of IVF are presented.ResultsA total of 254 women underwent elective oocyte freezing and 38 (15%) of these returned to use their cryopreserved oocytes for autologous IVF before November 2018. In the total cohort, the mean number of vitrified oocytes per woman, undergoing one or more oocyte retrievals, was 7.6 (range 1‐37). Their mean age at first vitrification was 36.9 years (range 23‐43 years). The mean ages for the subset of women that subsequently used their oocytes for IVF were 38.7 and 42.7 years at vitrification and oocyte warming, respectively. Forty‐nine oocyte warming cycles resulting in 42 fresh and 16 frozen embryo transfers, have been performed. Cumulative live birth rate/ongoing pregnancy rates are 63%, 26% and 0% in women of ages 36‐37, 38‐39 and ≥40 years of age at vitrification, respectively. Five babies have been born and there are 5 ongoing pregnancies.ConclusionsElective oocyte freezing has been offered in Sweden for >7 years. The utilization rate has so far been low. Pregnancy results after oocyte warming and IVF are encouraging when oocytes are cryopreserved at an age below 40 years.
Character navigation in dynamic environments based on optical flow
Authors: López Axel , Chaumette François , Marchand Eric , Pettré Julien 
Published: June 2019

AbstractSteering and navigation are important components of character animation systems to enable them to autonomously move in their environment. In this work, we propose a synthetic vision model that uses visual features to steer agents through dynamic environments. Our agents perceive optical flow resulting from their relative motion with the objects of the environment. The optical flow is then segmented and processed to extract visual features such as the focus of expansion and time‐to‐collision. Then, we establish the relations between these visual features and the agent motion, and use them to design a set of control functions which allow characters to perform object‐dependent tasks, such as following, avoiding and reaching. Control functions are then combined to let characters perform more complex navigation tasks in dynamic environments, such as reaching a goal while avoiding multiple obstacles. Agent's motion is achieved by local minimization of these functions. We demonstrate the efficiency of our approach through a number of scenarios. Our work sets the basis for building a character animation system which imitates human sensorimotor actions. It opens new perspectives to achieve realistic simulation of human characters taking into account perceptual factors, such as the lighting conditions of the environment.
Generating Color Scribble Images using Multi‐layered Monochromatic Strokes Dithering
Authors: Lo Yi‐Hsiang , Lee Ruen‐Rone , Chu Hung‐Kuo 
Published: June 2019

AbstractColor scribbling is a unique form of illustration where artists use compact, overlapping, and monochromatic scribbles at microscopic scale to create astonishing colorful images at macroscopic scale. The creation process is skill‐demanded and time‐consuming, which typically involves drawing monochromatic scribbles layer‐by‐layer to depict true‐color subjects using a limited color palette delicately. In this work, we present a novel computational framework for automatic generation of color scribble images from arbitrary raster images. The core contribution of our work lies in a novel color dithering model tailor‐made for synthesizing a smooth color appearance using multiple layers of overlapped monochromatic strokes. Specifically, our system reconstructs the appearance of the input image by (i) generating layers of monochromatic scribbles based on a limited color palette derived from input image, and (ii) optimizing the drawing sequence among layers to minimize the visual color dissimilarity between dithered image and original image as well as the color banding artifacts. We demonstrate the effectiveness and robustness of our algorithm with various convincing results synthesized from a variety of input images with different stroke patterns. The experimental study further shows that our approach faithfully captures the scribble style and the color presentation at respectively microscopic and macroscopic scales, which is otherwise difficult for state‐of‐the‐art methods.
Design and Automated Generation of Japanese Picture Puzzles
Authors: van de Kerkhof Mees , de Jong Tim , Parment Raphael , Löffler Maarten , Vaxman Amir , van Kreveld Marc 
Published: June 2019

AbstractWe introduce the generalized nonogram, an extension of the well‐known nonogram or Japanese picture puzzle. It is not based on a regular square grid but on a subdivision (arrangement) with differently shaped cells, bounded by straight lines or curves. To generate a good, clear puzzle from a filled line drawing, the arrangement that is formed for the puzzle must meet a number of criteria. Some of these relate to the puzzle and some to the geometry. We give an overview of these criteria and show that a puzzle can be generated by an optimization method like simulated annealing. Experimentally, we analyze the convergence of the method and the remaining penalty score on several input pictures along with various other design options.
Analysis of Sample Correlations for Monte Carlo Rendering
Authors: Singh Gurprit , Öztireli Cengiz , Ahmed Abdalla G.M. , Coeurjolly David , Subr Kartic , Deussen Oliver , Ostromoukhov Victor , Ramamoorthi Ravi , Jarosz Wojciech 
Published: June 2019

AbstractModern physically based rendering techniques critically depend on approximating integrals of high dimensional functions representing radiant light energy. Monte Carlo based integrators are the choice for complex scenes and effects. These integrators work by sampling the integrand at sample point locations. The distribution of these sample points determines convergence rates and noise in the final renderings. The characteristics of such distributions can be uniquely represented in terms of correlations of sampling point locations. Hence, it is essential to study these correlations to understand and adapt sample distributions for low error in integral approximation. In this work, we aim at providing a comprehensive and accessible overview of the techniques developed over the last decades to analyze such correlations, relate them to error in integrators, and understand when and how to use existing sampling algorithms for effective rendering workflows.
Treatment of equine oro‐nasal and oro‐maxillary fistulae
Authors: Dixon P. M. 
Published: June 2019

SummaryEquine oro‐nasal or oro‐sinus fistulae are usually problematic disorders to treat. As these lesions are mainly a sequel to standard dental repulsions, it is obvious that safer exodontia techniques such as oral extraction should now be used. The initial treatment of such fistulae is to ensure that there is a healthy granulating alveolus, without any dental or alveolar sequestrae and that all epithelium lining the fistula is removed. Provided there is a tooth on either side of the fistula, the initial and usually successful treatment is the use of an acrylic alveolar plug attached to adequately prepared adjacent teeth. Reinforcing such prostheses with wire tied between adjacent teeth will stabilise such prostheses. For fistulae that extend far onto the hard palate or those at the Triadan 06 or 11 alveolar sites that cannot be treated by acrylic prostheses, a variety of surgical treatments including; mucoperiosteal sliding flap, transposition of facial muscles, maxillary bone flap or an ear cartilage graft are all potential therapies, but there are no large, objective long‐term reports on their success available.
Alcohol consumption and incident dementia in older Japanese adults: The Okayama Study
Authors: Liu Yangyang , Mitsuhashi Toshiharu , Yamakawa Michiyo , Sasai Megumi , Tsuda Toshihide , Doi Hiroyuki , Hamada Jun 
Published: June 2019

AimTo evaluate the association between the amount and frequency of alcohol consumption and incident dementia in older Japanese adults using large sample size data over a long follow‐up period.MethodsThis was a retrospective cohort study carried out in Japan. A total of 53 311 older adults were followed from 2008 to 2014. A health checkup questionnaire was used to assess the amount and frequency of alcohol consumption. The Dementia Scale of long‐term care insurance was used as a measure of incident dementia. Cox proportional hazards models were used to calculate adjusted hazard ratios, with their 95% confidence intervals, for the incidence of dementia across the categories of alcohol consumption by sex.ResultsDuring a 7‐year follow‐up period, 14 479 participants were regarded as having incident dementia. Compared with non‐drinkers, the multivariate adjusted hazard ratios for participants with alcohol consumption ≤2 units per day, occasionally (0.88, 95% CI 0.81–0.96 in men and 0.84, 95% 0.79–0.90 in women) and daily (0.79, 95% 0.73–0.85 in men and 0.87, 95% 0.78–0.97 in women) were statistically significant, and the difference between occasional and daily consumption was only statistically significant in men; however, for participants with alcohol consumption >2 units per day, occasionally (0.91, 95% 0.71–1.16 in men and 1.09, 95% 0.72–1.67 in women) and daily (0.89, 95% 0.81–1.00 in men and 1.16, 95% 0.84–1.81 in women) were not significant.ConclusionsAlcohol consumption of ≤2 units per day, occasionally or daily, could reduce the risk of incident dementia, with greater benefit for men with such daily consumption. Geriatr Gerontol Int 2019; 19: 740–746.
Late Pleistocene range expansion of North American topminnows accompanied by admixture and introgression
Authors: Duvernell David D. , Westhafer Eric , Schaefer Jacob F. 
Published: June 2019

AbstractAimWe used genome‐scale sampling to assess the phylogeography of a group of topminnows in the Fundulus notatus species complex. Two of the species have undergone extensive range expansions resulting in broadly overlapping distributions, and sympatry within drainages has provided opportunities for hybridization and introgression. We assessed the timing and pattern of range expansion in the context of late Pleistocene–Holocene drainage events and evaluated the evidence for introgressive hybridization between species.LocationCentral and southern United States including drainages of the Gulf of Mexico Coastal Plain and portions of the Mississippi River drainage in and around the Central Highlands.TaxonTopminnows, Genus Fundulus, subgenus Zygonectes—Fundulus notatus, Fundulus olivaceus, Fundulus euryzonus.MethodsWe sampled members of the F. notatus species complex throughout their respective ranges, including numerous drainage systems where species co‐occur. We collected genome‐wide single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) using the genotype‐by‐sequencing (GBS) method and subjected data to population genetic analyses to infer the population histories of both species, including explicit tests for admixture and introgression. The methods employed included STRUCTURE, principal coordinates analysis, TreeMix and approximate Bayesian computation.ResultsGenetic data are presented for 749 individuals sampled from 14 F. notatus, 20 F. olivaceus and 2 F. euryzonus populations. Members of the species complex differed in phylogeographic structure, with F. notatus exhibiting geographic clusters corresponding to Pleistocene coastal drainages and F. olivaceus comparatively lacking in phylogeographic structure. Evidence for interspecific introgression varied by drainage.Main conclusionsPopulations of F. notatus and F. olivaceus exhibited contrasting patterns of lineage diversity among coastal drainages, indicating interspecific differences in their Pleistocene southern refugia. Phylogeographic patterns in both species indicated that range expansions into the northern limits of contemporary distributions coincided with and continued subsequent to the Last Glacial Maximum. There was evidence of introgression between species in some, but not all drainages where the species co‐occur, in a pattern that is correlated with previous estimates of hybridization rates.
Secondary Traumatic Stress in the Courtroom: Suggestions for Preventing Vicarious Trauma Resulting from Child Sexual Abuse Imagery
Authors: Polak Shely , Bailey Rebecca , Bailey Elizabeth 
Published: June 2019

AbstractThe internet and social media have added to an increase in sexual imagery. As a result, law enforcement, judicial officers and court ordered counselors will be exposed to an increase of images. While not every individual will experience post‐traumatic stress symptoms, it is anticipated there is risk for impact. The impact of viewing images can include an increase in vicarious trauma symptoms, burnout, and a possible decrease in impartiality. This paper offers suggestions for self‐care in the services of preventing collateral damage.
Brain MR Spectroscopy Changes Precede Frontotemporal Lobar Degeneration Phenoconversion in Mapt Mutation Carriers
Authors: Chen Qin , Boeve Bradley F. , Tosakulwong Nirubol , Lesnick Timothy , Brushaber Danielle , Dheel Christina , Fields Julie , Forsberg Leah , Gavrilova Ralitza , Gearhart Debra , Haley Dana , Gunter Jeffrey L. , Graff‐Radford Jonathan , Jones David , Knopman David , Graff‐Radford Neill , Kraft Ruth , Lapid Maria , Rademakers Rosa , Wszolek Zbigniew K. , Rosen Howie , Boxer Adam L. , Kantarci Kejal 
Published: June 2019

ABSTRACTBACKGROUND AND PURPOSEThe objective of this study was to longitudinally investigate the trajectory of change in 1H MRS measurements in asymptomatic MAPT mutation carriers who became symptomatic during follow‐up, and to determine the time at which the neurochemical alterations accelerated during disease progression.METHODSWe identified eight MAPT mutations carriers who transitioned from asymptomatic to symptomatic disease during follow‐up. All participants were longitudinally followed with an average of 7.75 years (range 4‐11 years) and underwent two or more single voxel 1H MRS examinations from the posterior cingulate voxel, with a total of 60 examinations. The rate of longitudinal change for each metabolite was estimated using linear mixed models. A flex point model was used to estimate the flex time point of the change in slope.RESULTSThe decrease in the NAA/mI ratio accelerated 2.09 years prior to symptom onset, and continued to decline. A similar trajectory was observed in the presumed glial marker mI/Cr ratio accelerating 1.86 years prior to symptom onset.CONCLUSIONSOur findings support the potential use of longitudinal 1H MRS for monitoring the neurodegenerative progression in MAPT mutation carriers starting from the asymptomatic stage.
Usefulness of optical fluorescence imaging in identification and triaging of oral potentially malignant disorders: A study of VELscope in the LESIONS programme
Authors: Farah Camile S. , Dost Fatima , Do Loc 
Published: June 2019

AbstractBackgroundOptical fluorescence imaging (OFI) has been shown to enhance the detection of oral potentially malignant disorders (OPMD), by providing additional information about the nature of these lesions, with loss of autofluorescence (LAF) signifying potential underlying oral epithelial dysplasia (OED) or malignancy. This study aims to assess the usefulness of OFI in identification and triaging of OPMDs by primary oral health practitioners, in a community setting.MethodologyParticipants were recruited from the LESIONS programme in South‐East Queensland, Australia. Participants underwent both conventional oral examination (COE) of mucosal tissues as well as screening with OFI by trained dentists and oral health therapists (OHTs). Lesions were classified as homogeneous, non‐homogeneous, lichenoid or other. The study protocol included blanching of lesions detected with VELscope® (diascopy) and a two‐week review and reassessment of all lesions to reduce false‐positive findings. Analysis of decisions made by dentists and OHTs about lesion identification and triaging was undertaken.ResultsA total of 360 participants underwent both COE and OFI screening and presented with at least one lesion detected with either method. Lesion size increased and border distinctness and visibility improved with OFI. Of the 170 lesions that underwent two‐week reassessment, 70% resolved or were confirmed as benign. OHTs were more likely to request review and referral for OPMDs compared to dentists.ConclusionOptical fluorescence imaging is a useful tool to help dentists and OHTs identify and triage patients with possible OPMD in the primary care setting.
Culicoides species as potential vectors of African horse sickness virus in the southern regions of South Africa
Authors: Riddin M. A. , Venter G. J. , Labuschagne K. , Villet M. H. 
Published: June 2019

AbstractAfrican horse sickness (AHS), a disease of equids caused by the AHS virus, is of major concern in South Africa. With mortality reaching up to 95% in susceptible horses and the apparent reoccurrence of cases in regions deemed non‐endemic, most particularly the Eastern Cape, epidemiological research into factors contributing to the increase in the range of this economically important virus became imperative. The vectors, Culicoides (Diptera: Ceratopogonidae), are considered unable to proliferate during the unfavourable climatic conditions experienced in winter in the province, although the annual occurrence of AHS suggests that the virus has become established and that vector activity continues throughout the year. Surveillance of Culicoides within the province is sparse and little was known of the diversity of vector species or the abundance of known vectors, Culicoides imicola and Culicoides bolitinos. Surveillance was performed using light trapping methods at selected sites with varying equid species over two winter and two outbreak seasons, aiming to determine diversity, abundance and vector epidemiology of Culicoides within the province. The research provided an updated checklist of Culicoides species within the Eastern Cape, contributing to an increase in the knowledge of AHS vector epidemiology, as well as prevention and control in southern Africa.