bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Bioinformatics analysis of circulating miRNAs related to cancer following spinal cord injury
Authors: Lopes Elisangela C.P. , Paim Layde R. , Matos-Souza José R. , Calegari Décio R. , Gorla José I. , Cliquet Alberto , Lima Carmen S.P. , McDonald John F. , Nadruz Wilson , Schreiber Roberto 
Published: August 2019

Abstract
Patients with spinal cord injury (SCI) have an increased risk of developing esophageal, bladder and hematologic malignancies compared with the normal population. In the present study, we aimed to identify, through in silico analysis, miRNAs and their target genes related to the three most frequent types of cancer in individuals with SCI. In a previous study, we reported a pattern of expression of miRNAs in 17 sedentary SCI males compared with 22 healthy able-bodied males by TaqMan OpenArray. This list of miRNAs deregulated in SCI patients was uploaded to miRWALK2.0 to predict the target genes and pathways of selected miRNAs. We used Cytoscape software to construct the network displaying the miRNAs and their gene targets. Among the down-regulated miRNAs in SCI, 21, 19 and 20 miRNAs were potentially associated with hematological, bladder and esophageal cancer, respectively, and three target genes (TP53, CCND1 and KRAS) were common to all three types of cancer. The three up-regulated miRNAs were potentially targeted by 18, 15 and 10 genes associated with all three types of cancer. Our current bioinformatics analysis suggests the potential influence of several miRNAs on the development of cancer in SCI. In general, these data may provide novel information regarding potential molecular mechanisms involved in the development of cancer among individuals with SCI. Further studies aiming at understanding how miRNAs contribute to the development of the major cancers that affect patients after SCI may help elucidate the role of these molecules in the pathophysiology of the disease.
Evaluation of topologies for a solar powered bidirectional electric vehicle charger
Authors: Bassa de los Mozos Albert , Chandra Mouli Gautham Ram , Bauer Pavol 
Published: August 2019

Charging of electric vehicles (EVs) from solar energy provides a sustainable means to power EVs in the future. A comparison of topologies for a three‐port converter to charge EVs directly from photovoltaic (PV) panels is presented in this study. The grid‐connected EV charger has a nominal rating of 10 kW and is bidirectional, enabling vehicle‐to‐grid operation. The topologies are optimally designed considering different switching frequencies, silicon carbide devices, magnetic cores and number of interleaved stages. Nine topologies are compared using a comparison framework, and the best topology is chosen based on the number of components, converter efficiency, volume, controllability and current ripple. The analysis shows that the best topology is a three‐port converter with a central direct current link with a 3‐leg interleaved boost converter (IBC) for the PV, two‐level inverter with sinusoidal modulation for the grid and a 4‐phase interleaved flyback converter for the EV. The loss models built are experimentally verified using a 3‐leg IBC.
Terahertz generation by optically injected semiconductor laser for radar and communication applications
Authors: Zhang Fangzheng , Zhou Pei , Pan Shilong , Zhang Daocheng 
Published: August 2019

A frequency‐tunable terahertz (THz) wave generation scheme based on an optically injected semiconductor laser is proposed for radar and communication applications. The THz generator has a very simple structure, and it is demonstrated to have a broad tuning range of 0.1–3.257 THz, which is realised by adjusting the detuning frequency and injection strength of the semiconductor laser. Feasibility of the proposed THz generator is verified by a THz wireless communication experiment, in which error‐free transmission of 150 Mbit/s on–off keying pseudorandom bit sequence signals with a 115‐GHz carrier is achieved over a 1‐meter free‐space link.
Understanding the atmospheric properties and chemical composition of the ultra-hot Jupiter HAT-P-7b
Authors: Helling Ch. , Iro N. , Corrales L. , Samra D. , Ohno K. , Alam M. K. , Steinrueck M. , Lew B. , Molaverdikhani K. , MacDonald R. J. , Herbort O. , Woitke P. , Parmentier V. 
Published: August 2019

Context. Of the presently known ≈3900 exoplanets, sparse spectral observations are available for ≈100. Ultra-hot Jupiters have recently attracted interest from observers and theoreticians alike, as they provide observationally accessible test cases. Confronting detailed theoretical models with observations is of preeminent importance in preparation for upcoming space-based telescopes.
Aims. We aim to study cloud formation on the ultra-hot Jupiter HAT-P-7b, the resulting composition of the local gas phase, and how their global changes affect wavelength-dependent observations utilised to derive fundamental properties of the planet.
Methods. We apply a hierarchical modelling approach as a virtual laboratory to study cloud formation and gas-phase chemistry. We utilise 97 vertical 1D profiles of a 3D GCM for HAT-P-7b to evaluate our kinetic cloud formation model consistently with the local equilibrium gas-phase composition. We use maps and slice views to provide a global understanding of the cloud and gas chemistry.
Results. The day/night temperature difference on HAT-P-7b (ΔT ≈ 2500 K) causes clouds to form on the nightside (dominated by H2/He) while the dayside (dominated by H/He) retains cloud-free equatorial regions. The cloud particles vary in composition and size throughout the vertical extension of the cloud, but also globally. TiO2[s]/Al2O3[s]/CaTiO3[s]-particles of cm-sized radii occur in the higher dayside-latitudes, resulting in a dayside dominated by gas-phase opacity. The opacity on the nightside, however, is dominated by 0.01…0.1μm particles made of a material mix dominated by silicates. The gas pressure at which the atmosphere becomes optically thick is ~10−4 bar in cloudy regions, and ~0.1 bar in cloud-free regions.
Conclusions. HAT-P-7b features strong morning/evening terminator asymmetries, providing an example of patchy clouds and azimuthally-inhomogeneous chemistry. Variable terminator properties may be accessible by ingress/egress transmission photometry (e.g., CHEOPS and PLATO) or spectroscopy. The large temperature differences of ≈2500 K result in an increasing geometrical extension from the night- to the dayside. The H2O abundance at the terminator changes by <1 dex with altitude and ≲0.3 dex (a factor of 2) across the terminator for a given pressure, indicating that H2O abundances derived from transmission spectra can be representative of the well-mixed metallicity at P ≳ 10 bar. We suggest the atmospheric C/O as an important tool to trace the presence and location of clouds in exoplanet atmospheres. The atmospheric C/O can be sub- and supersolar due to cloud formation. Phase curve variability of HAT-P-7b is unlikely to be caused by dayside clouds.
Gene expression profiles of antigenic proteins of third stage larvae of the zoonotic nematode Anisakis pegreffii in response to temperature conditions
Authors: Palomba Marialetizia , Paoletti Michela , Colantoni Alessandra , Rughetti Aurelia , Nascetti Giuseppe , Mattiucci Simonetta 
Published: August 2019

Anisakis pegreffii, a recognised etiological agent of human anisakiasis, is a parasite of homeothermic hosts at the adult stage and of ectothermic hosts at the third larval stage. Among distinct factors, temperature appears to be crucial in affecting parasite hatching, moulting and to modulate parasite-host interaction. In the present study, we investigated the gene transcripts of proteins having an antigenic role among excretory secretory products (ESPs) (i.e., a Kunitz-type trypsin inhibitor, A.peg-1; a glycoprotein, A.peg-7; and the myoglobin, A.peg-13) after 24 h, in A. pegreffii larvae maintained in vitro, under controlled temperature conditions. Temperatures were 37 °C and 20 °C, resembling respectively homeothermic and ectothermic hosts conditions, and 7 °C, the cold stress condition post mortem of the fish host. Primers of genes coding for these ESPs to be used in quantitative real-time PCR were newly designed, and qRT-PCR conditions developed. Expression profiles of the genes A.peg-1 and A.peg-13 were significantly up-regulated at 20 °C and 37 °C, with respect to the control (larvae kept at 2 °C for 24 h). Conversely, transcript profiles of A.peg-7 did not significantly change among the chosen temperature conditions. In accordance with the observed transcript profiles, sodium dodecyl sulfate–polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (SDS-PAGE) revealed the presence of the three target ESPs at 37 °C, while only A.peg-13 was observed at 7 °C. The results suggest that temperature conditions do regulate the gene expression profiles of A.peg-1 and A.peg-13 in A. pegreffii larvae. However, regulation of the glycoprotein A.peg-7 is likely to be related to other factors such as the host’s immune response.
Geografische Cluster der Unterimmunisierung gegen Influenza
bei über 60-Jährigen am Beispiel Westfalen-Lippe
Authors: Völker Sebastian 
Published: August 2019

Zusammenfassung
Hintergrund Die Unterimmunisierung gegen Influenza steigt in den
vergangenen Jahren an. Es wird eine räumliche Clusterung der
Unterimmunisierung vermutet. Diese Cluster können Risiken
für die Gesundheitsvorsorge bedeuten und das Erreichen von
Qualitätsstandards der Immunisierung erschweren. Ziele des
vorliegenden Papers sind (a) räumliche Cluster auf PLZ-Ebene mit
hohen Quoten der Unterimmunisierung gegen Influenza zu identifizieren und zu
beschreiben, (b) die Cluster mit weiteren Vorsorgeleistungen zu vergleichen
und (c) mögliche Einflussfaktoren der Unterimmunisierung zu
modellieren.
Material und Methoden Aus den kassenärztlichen
Abrechnungsdaten der Kassenärztlichen Vereinigung Westfalen-Lippe
wurden Patienten ≥ 60 Jahren und Impfleistungen von
2012–2017 extrahiert. Als Methodik wurde die räumliche
Scanstatistik gewählt, die hohe relative Risiken einer
Unterimmunisierung in Clustern ausweist.
Ergebnisse und Diskussion Es konnten 4 statistisch signifikante
Cluster der Unterimmunisierung gegen Influenza identifiziert werden, die
sich auch nach Abgleich mit dem zeitlichen Trend lokaler
Unterimmunisierungsraten als stabil erwiesen. Die Quote der
Unterimmunisierung betrug in der Grippesaison 2016/2017 in den
Clustern mit höherem Risiko (RR>1)
71,9%-74,7%, die Quote außerhalb dieser Cluster
67,0%. Als Einflussfaktoren auf die Unterimmunisierung wurden u.a.
sozio-ökonomische Faktoren und das Impfverhalten in der Vorsaison
identifiziert. Unterimmunisierungsquoten sind geographisch geclustert. Die
räumliche Scanstatistik kann für die Identifikation von
persistenten Clustern genutzt werden, um gezielte raum- und
adressatenspezifische Maßnahmen zur Verringerung der
Unterimmunisierungsraten durchzuführen.
Sepsis-Induced Coagulopathy and Disseminated Intravascular Coagulation
Authors: Iba Toshiaki , Levi Marcel , Levy Jerrold H. 
Published: August 2019

AbstractDisseminated intravascular coagulation (DIC) has been recognized as a deadly complication in sepsis, and its early recognition followed by appropriate management of the underlying infection are the current management strategies. The activation of coagulation, inflammation, and other pathways are fundamental host responses against infection but also produce injury to the host. Recent advances have helped define the critical roles of thrombus formation in overcoming infection. In addition to activation of coagulation induced by pathogens, other important pathways including damage-associated molecular patterns, neutrophil extracellular traps, extracellular vesicles, and glycocalyx damage are involved in the pathogenesis of sepsis-induced DIC. The hallmark of DIC is thrombosis in the microvasculature; however, sepsis-induced DIC is a laboratory diagnosis based on coagulation test results and clinical setting. Although simplified criteria were recently introduced, DIC should be distinguished from other similar conditions such as thrombotic microangiopathy and heparin-induced thrombocytopenia. In DIC, treating the underlying cause is crucial, and additional adjunct therapies including antithrombin, thrombomodulin, and heparins may have potential benefit, but evidence supporting their use in terms of improvement of clinically relevant outcomes continues to be debated. In this review, we introduce recent findings regarding the pathophysiology, diagnosis, and treatment of sepsis-induced DIC. In addition, we also discuss future potential therapeutic approaches regarding this complex, life-threatening complication.
Experimental Investigation on Shape Dependence for Flow past Shallow Cavities
Authors: Khan Samreen , Khurana Shashank 
Published: August 2019

AbstractRelative motion between a bluff body having a cavity and the fluid surrounding it causes the fluid flow gets modified due to the presence of the cavity. The properties of flows past cavities are analysed, and various control techniques are devised and employed over the years. The present study aimed at experimentally analysing the flows and their features past three different shapes of cavities i.e., rectangular, hemispherical as well as triangular cavities under similar boundary conditions. The study consists of experimental investigation carried on cavities for similar length-to-depth ratios and the visualization of flow characteristics using a two-dimensional water channel apparatus. In this technique, the free surface of the water stream in the test-section is used in visualizing and analysing the flow characteristics including the formation of vortices, through dye injection, around cavities. The comparative study performed at varying Reynolds number for different cavities indicated the suitability of hemispherical cavities towards creating maximum amount of boundary layer suction.
CFD Analysis of Scramjet Engine Combustion Chamber with Diamond-Shaped Strut Injector at Flight Mach 4.5
Authors: Roga Sukanta 
Published: August 2019

Abstract
The present work address the CFD analysis for scramjet combustor with diamond-shaped strut injectors at supersonic Mach 4.5 and it’s based on species transport combustor which is standard k-epsilon turbulence model. It is implied for supersonic combustion that the ramjet engine is focused for operating high speed engines. The combustion chamber assists as an envelope to clutch the propellant for a satisfactory period to certify complete mixing as well as combustion. The diamond-shaped strut injector gives the maximum temperature and pressure of 3517 K and 1.487 MPa respectively whereas the combustion efficiency is found to be 87.2%. The shear layers losses are extremely minimize the performance of the engine, thus interpreting trade-off programmes in a very difficult way to achieve maximum combustion efficiency. Further firmness by machines is essential for achieving higher combustion efficiency.
The MHD based numerical analysis of Rayleigh-Bénard convection flow of liquid metal in the smoothly constricted enclosure from the top using OpenFOAM
Authors: Singh Ranjit J. , Gohil Trushar B. 
Published: August 2019

Abstract
The influence of the existence of the Lorentz force in the Rayleigh-Bénard (RB) convection flow in the smoothly constricted cavity from the top is presented in this paper. The liquid metal with Prandtl number of Pr = 0.02 is used with the Rayleigh number of Ra = 105, and the magnetic field is imposed in terms of Hartmann number (Ha) = 0-50. The vertically driven buoyancy force is kept constant for all simulation by maintaining the same Ra. The present flow solver with magnetohydrodynamics (MHD) principle is developed in the open source CFD toolkit OpenFOAM. The Navier-Stokes equation is coupled with Maxwell’s equation of electrodynamics to cope up the MHD based flow physics in the cavity. The thermal energy equation with Boussinesq approximation is added in the solver to study natural convection flow in the presence of the magnetic field. The orientation of magnetic field has different nature and direction of induced Lorentz force in the cavity. The imposed magnetic field normal to the gravity has the tendency to suppress the convection roll formation. Conversely, it has been observed that the magnetic field imposed in the direction to parallel to gravity bifurcates the flow and assist in the formation of several convection rolls. The detail discussion of the variation of Lorentz force in the cavity and its effect on the streamlines, isotherms, and the average Nusselt number is reported.
Improvements in the Rheological Characteristics of the Complex Coal-Water Suspension Using Gasification Derived Waste Water
Authors: Singh Harmanpreet , Kumar Satish , Kumar Mohapatra Saroj 
Published: August 2019

Abstract
The area of application of coal as a source of energy is expanding to sophisticated devices such as internal combustion engines, liquid fuel-based furnaces, gasification, pyrolysis, etc. The coal reserves in the developing countries are mainly young and of low rank, which have poor slurrying and rheological characteristics. The present research presents a novel methodology to improve the slurrying and rheological characteristics of the coal water suspension using the gasification derived waste water. The gas produced by a gasifier contains a lot of tars, which are washed down along with the sprayed water; this water is known as gasification derived waste water. In the present case, the waste water is collected from the gas cleaning unit of a 10 kg/h downdraft biomass gasifier. This waste water contains some amount of dissolved tars. When this water is used for the preparation of the coal water suspension, an improvement in the slurrying and rheological characteristics of the suspension is observed. The tars are observed to the choke the pores on surface of the coal particles; this checks the flow of water into the pores. So, the maximum amount of water remains in the particle’s surroundings, thereby reducing the particle to particle interaction and hence the viscosity by ∼41-55%. This study thus provides a base and a novel method to utilize the waste water, which otherwise is of no use and quite harmful.
Comparison of Linear Regression and ANN of Fish Oil Biodiesel Properties Prediction
Authors: Ganeshmoorthy V , Muthukannan M , Thirugnanasambandam M 
Published: August 2019

Abstract
The straight fish oil based biodiesel is used as fuel in CI engines by adjusting physical properties such as density and viscosity and increasing the temperature. In the present study, the variation of density and viscosity of fish oil based biodiesel blend with temperature are studied. The volumetric fraction of biodiesel in the range of 10 to 100% is added with diesel and change in the properties of viscosity and densities are investigated. From the experimental results, density (ρ) and kinematic viscosity (ʋ) of fish oil are synchronized with diesel properties at B40 at 40-50ºC. Artificial Neural Network (ANN) and linear regression modeling are employed for predicting the density and viscosity of fish oil biodiesel blends. For training the ANN, 60% of data has been used a training set, 30% of data has been used a testing set and the remaining 10% of total data has been used for validation. It is observed that the MAPE (Mean Absolute Percentage Error) obtained from the ANN is only 5.27% whereas in the regression prediction the error is 23.9 %. Hence, it is established that ANN gives the best performance over regression analysis and found suitable for predicting the biodiesel properties with better accuracy. Thus, it eliminates instrumental usage and man-hours.
A sustainable energy source from microbes using microbial fuel cells
Authors: Potdar Shaunak V , Shazin Mohamed , Kannan Geetha 
Published: August 2019

Abstract
A microbial fuel cell (MFC) is a sustainable energy source which hopes to meet the growing demand of energy in the world by providing bioelectricity. The microbes like bacteria help produce current and voltage by metabolizing the carbon source into ions which are accepted at their respective electrodes. The prototype cell designed by our team is novel, cost effective, portable and environment friendly. This microbial fuel cell is a two chambered setup containing four graphite electrodes as the anode and four aluminum electrodes as the cathode. The MFC has been optimized under various experimental condition which includes sugar concentration, surface area of the electrodes, material of the electrodes as well as the effects of reducing salts on the current and voltage.
Assessment of optimum energy demand for non-centrifugal sugar production through an alternate process
Authors: Srinvas Morapakala , Prudhvi Raj Sunkara , Marie Louis F , Reddy K S , O’Donovan Tadhg S 
Published: August 2019

Abstract
Non-centrifugal sugar (NCS), known conventionally as Jaggery, obtained by concentrating cane juice in large boiling pans using traditional furnaces. In the traditional process, cane juice at 20 Brix is heated in pan(s) to 70 Brix to evaporate the water in it. Traditional furnaces used for concentration of sugarcane juice have low heat utilization efficiency about 15%. In the quest of improving energy efficiency, freeze pre-concentrating operation could be done at the start to remove water in the form of ice and the remaining proportion of water could be removed by heating for production of NCS. A thermal model has been developed for assessing optimum energy demand for a prior freezing technique up to a certain intermediate Brix and further by a heating technique. The obtained analytical data indicate that 1880.83 KJ/kg of cane juice is required when the juice concentration is increasing from 20 to 70 Brix while heating. The energy demand is significantly low (i.e. 536.10 KJ/kg of cane juice) when prior juice concentration is done through freezing technique from 20 to 63 Brix and later the juice is concentrated through heating technique from 63 to 70 Brix . Since, the energy required for latent heat of fusion is quite low when compared with the latent heat of vaporization so; combination of freezing and heating technique for juice concentration seems to be a viable option for improving energy efficiency in NCS production.
Optical clock spectroscopy in weakly bound molecules
Authors: Borkowski Mateusz 
Published: August 2019

Abstract
With relative accuracies reaching 10−18, optical atomic clocks are currently the most sensitive physical instruments known to man. Weakly bound ultracold molecules enable the study of fundamental physics through their sensitivity to e.g. the proton-to-electron mass ratio or hypothetical Yukawa-type fifth forces predicted by several extensions of the Standard Model. These applications, however, require precision measurements of molecular transitions that are beyond current experimental capabilities. Here we propose to construct an ‘optical molecular clock’ that would solve this problem by bringing the experimental techniques used in optical atomic clocks to the realm of cold molecules. We show that such a clock could utilize ultracold ytterbium molecules and we predict the positions and properties of Yb2 clock lines. A successful experimental realization of this proposal could pave the way towards sub-Hz level molecular spectroscopy.