bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Effect of Suture Type on Stifle Joint Biomechanics After Extra-Articular Repair of Cranial Cruciate Ligament Transection in the Dog
Authors: Bauer M. S. , Blevins W. E. , Widmer W. R. , Davidson Jaqueline , Aiken S. W. , Toombs J. P. , Prostredny J. M. 
Published: March 2018

SummaryThe effect of two suture types, monofilament polybutester and braided polyester, on stifle joint biomechanics after extra-articular repair of cranial cruciate ligament rupture was evaluated by analysis of the instant centre of motion. The instant centres of motion and resulting velocity vectors were determined radiographically on both stifles of eight fresh canine cadavers before and after cranial cruciate ligament transection. After ligament transection, all 16 stifles were repaired with an extra-articular technique utilizing a double strand of suture placed between the lateral fabella and the tibial tuberosity. One stifle on each cadaver was repaired with each suture type. The instant centres of motion and resulting velocity vectors were re-evaluated post repair. All stifles had normal instant centres of motion prior to transection of the cranial cruciate ligament. Neither ligament transection nor extra-articular repair with either suture type resulted in an abnormal change in the instant centre of motion.
Subjektive und objektive kognitive Störung im Prädemenzstadium der Alzheimer-Krankheit
Authors: Jessen F. 
Published: March 2018

ZusammenfassungSubjektive und objektive kognitive Störungen treten bei der Alzheimer-Erkrankung im Vorfeld der Demenz auf. Diese Beeinträchtigungen können genutzt werden, um Personen mit erhöhtem Demenzrisiko zu erkennen. Die leichte kognitive Störung (mild cognitive impairment, MCI) ist gekennzeichnet durch Beeinträchtigungen in kognitiven Tests. Insbesondere unterdurchschnittliche Leistungen in Gedächtnistests mit verzögertem Abruf sind prädiktiv für eine zukünftige Alzheimer-Demenz. Die Gedächtnisbeeinträchtigung mit der höchsten Spezifität für die Alzheimer-Erkrankung ist der Abruf unter Zuhilfenahme von Schlüsselreizen (cued recall). In jüngerer Zeit wurden die subjektiven kognitiven Störungen, die möglicherweise vor einer objektivierbaren Leistungseinbuße bei der AlzheimerErkrankung auftreten, untersucht. Zunehmend weisen Studien auf das gehäufte Vorliegen von Alzheimer-typischen Biomarkerveränderungen bei Personen mit subjektiven Gedächtnisstörungen hin. Zukünftige Standardisierung der Erfassung von subjektiven kognitiven Störungen bei älteren Menschen werden dazu beitragen, die prädiktive Rolle dieser diskreten frühen Veränderungen im Rahmen der Alzheimer-Erkrankung zu definieren.
Epilepsiebedingte Verletzungen und Unfälle
Authors: Hermsen A. , Oertel W. H. , Knake S. , Rosenow F. , Hamer H. M. , Strzelczyk A. 
Published: March 2018

ZusammenfassungDie Epilepsien sind mit einer erhöhten Wahrscheinlichkeit für das Auftreten von Verletzungen und Unfällen vergesellschaftet. Ziel der Erhebung war die Erfassung der Häufigkeit epilepsiebedingter Verletzungen und Unfällen an einem Kollektiv von 276 Patienten sowie die Darstellung von Risikofaktoren. Insgesamt gaben 50 Patienten (18,1%) an, sich aufgrund eines epileptischen Anfalles oder von Nebenwirkungen antiepileptischer Medikation in einem Zeitraum von drei Monaten verletzt zu haben. Neben Platzwunden (n = 28; 10,1%) sowie Schürfwunden und Prellungen (n = 17; 6,2%) kam es zu Frakturen (n = 8; 2,9%), Verbrennungen bzw. Verbrühungen (n = 2) und einem Verkehrsunfall. Das Auftreten von epilepsieassoziierten Verletzungen und Unfällen war höher bei einer aktiven Epilepsie, bei Auftreten von generalisiert tonisch-klonischen Anfällen, bei einem therapierefraktären Erkrankungsverlauf sowie bei in der Anamnese berichteten anfallsbedingten Stürzen und einem iktalen Bewusstseinsverlust.
Präklinisches Management und Therapie des epileptischen Anfalls und des Status epilepticus
Authors: Schmitt F. C. , Knieß T. 
Published: March 2018

ZusammenfassungEpilepsie ist eine der häufigsten neurologischen Erkrankungen im Erwachsenenalter und eine der häufigsten Diagnosen in neurologischen Kliniken. Im Rettungswesen werden epileptische Anfälle oder klinisch ähnlich suspekte Ereignisse, die nicht zwingend epileptisch sein müssen, unter der Meldediagnose “Krampfanfall” geführt. Eine sichere diagnostische Einschätzung am Notfallort ist für die Mitarbeiter der Rettungsteams oft erschwert, da Patienten im oder nach einem Anfall oft noch verwirrt sein können, oder zum Ereignis eine Amnesie zeigen. Fehldiagnosen liegen bei ca. 30%. Folge kann eine Überoder Unterversorgung der Betroffenen sein, die im ungünstigsten Fall eine erhöhte Morbidität oder Mortalität nach sich ziehen kann. Eine verbesserte präklinische diagnostische Einschätzung kann das weitere therapeutische Prozedere steuern. Neben einer medikamentösen Notfalltherapie kommt der Ersten Hilfe und den Basismaßnahmen durch Laienhilfe oder Rettungsdienste eine wichtige Rolle zu.
Bioinformatics: Towards New Directions for Public Health
Authors: Martin-Sanchez F. , Maojo V. 
Published: March 2018

Summary

Objectives:
Epidemiologists are reformulating their classical approaches to diseases by considering various issues associated to “omics” areas and technologies. Traditional differences between epidemiology and genetics include background, training, terminologies, study designs and others. Public health and epidemiology are increasingly looking forward to using methodologies and informatics tools, facilitated by the Bioinformatics community, for managing genomic information. Our aim is to describe which are the most important implications related with the increasing use of genomic information for public health practice, research and education. To review the contribution of bioinformatics to these issues, in terms of providing the methods and tools needed for processing genetic information from pathogens and patients. To analyze the research challenges in biomedical informatics related with the need of integration of clinical, environmental and genetic data and the new scenarios arisen in public health.

Methods:
Review of the literature, Internet resources and material and reports generated by internal and external research projects.

Results:
New developments are needed to advance in the study of the interactions between environmental agents and genetic factors involved in the development of diseases. The use of biomarkers, biobanks, and integrated genomic/clinical databases poses serious challenges for informaticians in order to extract useful information and knowledge for public health, biomedical research and healthcare.

Conclusions:
From an informatics perspective, integrated medical/biological ontologies and new semantic-based models for managing information provide new challenges for research in areas such as genetic epidemiology and the “omics” disciplines, among others. In this regard, there are various ethical, privacy, informed consent and social implications, that should be carefully addressed by researchers, practitioners and policy makers.
Future Directions in Evaluation Research: People, Organizational, and Social Issues
Authors: Shaw N. T. , Kaplan B. 
Published: March 2018

Summary

Objective:
To review evaluation literature concerning people, organizational, and social issues and provide recommendations for future research.

Method:
Analyze this research and make recommendations.

Results and Conclusions:
Evaluation research is key in identifying how people, organizational, and social issues – all crucial to system design, development, implementation, and use – interplay with informatics projects. Building on a long history of contributions and using a variety of methods, researchers continue developing evaluation theories and methods while producing significant interesting studies. We recommend that future research:1) Address concerns of the many individuals involved in or affected by informatics applications.2) Conduct studies in different type and size sites, and with different scopes of systems and different groups of users. Do multi-site or multi-system comparative studies.3) Incorporate evaluation into all phases of a project.4) Study failures, partial successes, and changes in project definition or outcome.5) Employ evaluation approaches that take account of the shifting nature of health care and project environments, and do formative evaluations.6) Incorporate people, social, organizational, cultural, and concomitant ethical issues into the mainstream of medical informatics.7) Diversify research approaches and continue to develop new approaches.8) Conduct investigations at different levels of analysis.9) Integrate findings from different applications and contextual settings, different areas of health care, studies in other disciplines, and also work that is not published in traditional research outlets.10) Develop and test theory to inform both further evaluation research and informatics practice.
Encrypted Storage of Medical Data on a Grid
Authors: Pierson J.-M. , Brunie L. , Seitz L. 
Published: March 2018

Summary

Objectives:
In this article we present grids as an architecture for medical image processing and health-care networks. We argue that confidential patient data should not be stored unprotected on a grid and explain why access control systems alone do not offer sufficient protection. The objective of our work is to propose a method that complements access control systems on a grid architecture and thus makes the storage of confidential data more secure.

Methods:
Effective protection can be achieved by storing confidential data in encrypted form. This raises the problem of how authorized users get access to the data, since they need to have the decryption keys.

Results:
Our proposal details a key management architecture, that allows encrypted storage and still enables users to access decryption keys for data they are authorized to see. To achieve this functionality we use distributed keyservers storing redundant shares of the keys.

Conclusions:
The resulting architecture achieves our primary objective of making the storage of confidential data more secure without loosing the data sharing properties of the grid architecture. Furthermore our architecture is robust against breakdowns and denial of service attacks. It scales well with the number of users and does not introduce a single point of failure into the system.
A Web Service-based Grid Portal for Edgebreaker Compression
Authors: Barba M. C. , Blasi E. , Cafaro M. , Fiore S. , Mirto M. , Aloisio G. 
Published: March 2018

Summary

Background:
In health applications, and elsewhere, 3D data sets are increasingly accessed through the Internet. To reduce the transfer time while maintaining an unaltered 3D model, adequate compression and decompression techniques are needed. Recently, Grid technologies have been integrated with Web Services technologies to provide a framework for interoperable application-to-application interaction.

Objectives:
The paper describes an implementation of the Edgebreaker compression technique exploiting web services technology and presents a novel approach for using such services in a Grid Portal. The Grid portal, developed at the CACT/ISUFI of the University of Lecce, allows the processing and delivery of biomedical images (CT – computerized tomography – and MRI – magnetic resonance images) in a distributed environment, using the power and security of computational Grids.

Methods:
The Edgebreaker Compression Web Service has been deployed on a Grid portal and allows compressing and decompressing 3D data sets using the Globus toolkit GSI (Globus Security Infrastructure) protocol. Moreover, the classical algorithm has been modified extending the compression to files containing more than one object.

Results and Conclusions:
An implementation of the Edgebreaker compression technique and related experimental results are presented. A novel approach for using the compression web service in a Grid portal allowing storing and preprocessing of huge 3D data sets, and subsequent efficient transmission of results for remote visualization is also described.
A Comparison of Organized and Traditional Health Care
Authors: Lawrence D. M. 
Published: March 2018

Summary

Purpose:
To compare organized and traditional health care delivery systems and their ability to meet several major challenges facing health care in the next 25 years.

Approach:
Analysis of traditional and organized health care systems based on a career spent in organized health care systems.

Conclusions:
The traditional health care system based on independent autonomous physicians is not able to meet the challenges of current healthcare. Stronger integration and coordination, i.e., organized health care delivery systems are required.
Health Promotion in the Workplace – The Merging of the Paradigms
Authors: Yassi A. 
Published: March 2018

Summary

Purpose:
To synthesize the lessons from both occupational health and health promotion, to improve workplace health.

Approach:
This article briefly outlines the evolution in defining and understanding health promotion as well as current thinking in occupational health and safety.It also discusses an approach taken in the healthcare sector in British Columbia, Canada, where evidence-based practices and collaboration became the cornerstones to bringing about change and achieve impressive cost-beneficial results in healthcare workforce health.

Conclusion:
Traditionally, workplace health promotion and occupational health and safety have been two solitudes. Workplace health promotion is rooted in ‘wellness’ and healthy lifestyle choices, while occupational health is heavily dictated by workplace health and safety requirements and legislation. Recently however, there has been increasing recognition of the need for a more holistic approach that focusses on workplace culture, addressing both primary and secondary prevention [1], as well as interventions aimed both at the individual as well as the organisation [2].
Video Conferencing-based Telehealth
Authors: Anglin C. R. , Schaafsma J. P. , Pantazi S. V. , Anglin S. , Grimm N. A. , Moehr J. R. 
Published: March 2018

Summary

Purpose:
To review the experience with a province-wide telehealth system in Canada, and its implications for health care and health promotion. To explore whether group support systems (GSS) based on networked computers can substitute for video conferencing technology.

Methods:
Key results of the evaluation of the BC Tele-health Program are summarized. The potential of extending the successful principles through use of GSS is explored based on literature review, demonstrations, and trial use for educational applications.

Results:
The BC Telehealth Program was designed to support health professionals at secondary care facilities, such as regional and district hospitals in two application domains: children’s and women’s health (C&W) and emergency room and trauma care (ER-Trauma). Successful applications extended beyond health professionals and focused on chronic conditions, the management of which is contingent on visual information, and involves established teams in regular scheduled visits or in sessions scheduled well in advance. Ad hoc applications, in particular applications under emergency conditions proved problematic.Administrative applications in support of telehealth implementation, e.g., through facilitation of management and provider education, are essential for clinical success. Savings from support of administrative applications exceeded the substantial capital investment and made educational and clinical applications available at variable cost. Educational applications were shown to have significant clinical benefits.Exploration of GSS technology showed that it may not be mature enough to substitute for video conferencing technology in support of sophisticated training and education aiming at clinical impact.

Conclusion:
The substantial clinical and efficiency gains provided by video conferencing-based telehealth may for now continue to depend on mature videoconferencing technology.
Clinical Guidelines as Plans
Authors: Smith B. , Pisanelli D. M. , Gangemi A. , Stefanelli M. , Kumar A. 
Published: March 2018

Summary

Objective:
Clinical guidelines are special types of plans realized by collective agents. We provide an ontological theory of such plans that is designed to support the construction of a framework in which guideline-based information systems can be employed in the management of workflow in health care organizations.

Method:
The framework we propose allows us to represent, in formal terms, how clinical guidelines are realized through the actions of individuals or ganized into teams. We provide various levels of implementation representing different levels of conformity on the part of health care organizations.

Result:
Implementations built in conformity with our framework are marked by two dimensions of flexibility that are designed to make them more likely to be accepted by health care professionals than standard guideline-based management systems. They do justice to the fact 1) that responsibilities within a health care organization are widely shared, and 2) that health care professionals may on different occasions be non-compliant with guidelines for a variety of well justified reasons.

Conclusion:
The advantage of the framework lies in its built-in flexibility, its sensitivity to clinical context, and its ability to use inference tools based on a robust ontology. One disadvantage lies in its complicated implementation.
Evaluation of the Electronic Transmission of Medical Findings from Hospitals to Practitioners by Triangulation
Authors: Ammenwerth E. , Schabetsberger T. , Machan C. 
Published: March 2018

Summary

Objectives:
The need for regional, cross-institutional electronic networks in health care is steadily growing to support seamless, cooperative health care. The aim of this study is to evaluate the impact of electronic transmission between hospitals and practitioners in a Tyrolean health care network, and to derive technical and organizational points for improvement.

Methods:
Between March and August 2004 we carried out a triangulation-based cross-sectional study, combining a qualitative study based on semi-structured, problem-centric interviews with selected practitioners, with a quantitative study based on a standardized questionnaire survey of all the Tyrolean practitioners that receive electronic messages. The survey was designed to confirm the hypotheses which have been systematically derived from the interviews.

Results and Conclusions:
The results show high satisfaction and positive impact of electronic communication. The triangulation of quantitative and qualitative methods was found to be useful in order to make the definition and confirmation of the hypotheses more transparent.
Analysis and Management of HIV Peptide Microarray Experiments
Authors: García-Albert L. , Martín-Sánchez F. , García-Sáiz A. , López-Campos G. H. 
Published: March 2018

Summary

Objectives:
To develop a tool for then easy and user-friendly management of peptide microarray experiments and for the use of the results of these experiments for the study the immune response against HIV virus infection in clinical samples.

Methods:
Applying bioinformatics and statistics for the analysis of data coming from microarray experiments as well as implementing a MIAME (Minimum Information About a Microarray Experiment) compliant database for managing and annotating experiments, results and samples.

Results:
We present a new tool for managing not only nucleic acid microarray experiments but also protein microarray experiments. From the analysis of experimental data, we can detect different profiles in the reactivity of the sera with different genotypes.

Conclusions:
We have developed a new tool for managing microarray data including clinical annotations for the samples as well as the capability of annotating other microarray formats different to those based on nucleic acids. The use of peptide microarrays and bioinformatics analysis opens a new scope for the characterization of the immune response, and analyzing and identifying the humoral response of viruses with different genotypes.
Professional Competence and Computer Literacy in e-age, Focus on Healthcare
Authors: Engová D. , Štepánková O. 
Published: March 2018

Summary

Objectives:
The healthcare sector is facing an enormous acceleration due to the emergence of new knowledge, drugs, devices and diseases. Professional competence, continuing education, service excellence and patient benefits can be facilitated by the developments in information and computer technology – computer literacy is becoming imperative for all who are involved in healthcare delivery. The paper attempts to identify solutions that can aid the process of ICT uptake for full benefit of patients and healthcare professionals.

Methods:
With the support of published literature, the article considers the importance of ICT skills in general and in healthcare and presents some advantages of generic vendor-independent methods of ICT certification.

Results:
Discussed are the preliminary results of the United Kingdom’s National Health Service information technology reform which addresses the need for intensified use of ICT and applies the ECDL concept.

Conclusions:
It is useful to complement the introduction of computer literacy as a qualification concept by a standardized accreditation of ICT skills. Solid level of computer literacy creates a reliable and efficient background for everyday activities of healthcare professionals, enables the application of further domain-specific training modules and prepares suitable environments for the introduction and acceptance of new technologies such as electronic health records and electronic transfer of prescriptions by positively transforming the attitudes of users towards them.
EGOOZ: Specifying the Components of Electronic Patient Record-related Education
Authors: Moorman P. , de Vries-Robbé P. F. , Bindels R. , Zandstra P. , van Ast W. , van der Lei J. , Hasman A. 
Published: March 2018

Summary

Objective:
To determine whether educators consider electronic patient record (EPR)-related education necessary and if so, what subjects have to be taught more extensively in the future.

Methods:
A list of possibly relevant subjects was determined from the literature. A questionnaire was designed which contained those subjects and the respondents were asked to indicate, for each subject, its competency level and required competency level in current teaching. Since the response rate was low a second questionnaire was developed to have the results of the analysis of the first questionnaire validated by a larger group of educators.

Results:
In total 45 learning goals were identified from the literature. The questionnaire was sent to representatives of several disciplines: basic medical education, medical specializations, pharmacy, dentistry and nursing. The analysis of the first questionnaire resulted in nine subjects that needed more attention in the future. Because of the low response the needs could not be specified for the individual disciplines. This insight was obtained from a second questionnaire. The response to this questionnaire was high. From the analysis of the second questionnaire differences between views of educators involved in the training of GPs and educators involved in the training of other specializations were observed.

Conclusion:
Educators find EPR-related education important. There are different opinions about the phase in which EPR-related education should be given.