bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Diabetic nephropathy in type 2 diabetes – from pathological mechanisms to clinical occupational medicine practice
Authors: Oțelea Marina Ruxandra , Dragu Daniela 
Published: August 2019

Abstract
Employees with diabetes and nephropathy need special medical surveillance that involves occupational medicine specialists. However, diabetes is not a unique phenotype and each patient need to be carefully assessed. Age, gender, body mass index, renal function impairment (eGFR, creatinine, urea, uric acid), indicators of diabetes control (fasting glycaemia and HbA1C), the presence of co-morbidities, dyslipidaemia, level of serum albumin and total protein, cytokines and other inflammatory markers should be considered in a comprehensive evaluation of the severity of the chronic kidney disease and of the treatment plan. Chronic kidney disease in type 2 diabetes has many facets and various degrees of severity; therefore, permanent communication between the occupational medicine specialist and the treating physician should be maintained. For this purpose, this article reviews the current pathological mechanisms proposed for the explanation of the chronic kidney disease, the diagnostic and the general therapeutic recommendations and also the possible occupational interventions in patients with type 2 diabetic nephropathy.
The need to improve screening and diagnostic methods in occupational irritant dermatitis
Authors: Rașcu Alexandra Maria , Oțelea Marina Ruxandra , Giurcăneanu Călin 
Published: August 2019

Abstract
Modern medicine has increasingly directed its interest towards discovering the etiology of occupational dermatitis, but unfortunately it is not completely elucidated. As with other occupational diseases, the presence of the exposure and the temporal relation between the exposure and the appearance of the characteristic signs is a defining element, but obtaining the information on the etiological factors is not always easy, therefore the attention must be directed to a systematic collection of these data. Clinical diagnosis is not sufficient, so additional paraclinical tests are needed for a complete diagnosis. Currently, more and more emphasis is being placed on experimental studies targeting the discovery of molecular or genetic markers that complement the idea of individual susceptibility in the appearance of contact dermatitis. As frequent as it is difficult to diagnose, occupational dermatitis is still a public health problem.
الانقلاب الدستوري في اليمن عام 1948
Authors: Ibrahim Hariwan Y. 
Published: August 2019

تسلط هذه الدراسة الضوء على الاحداث مهم في تاريخ اليمن والمنطقة وهو الانقلاب الدستوري 1948، والتي تعد محاولة جيدة من قبل المعارضة اليمنية للتخلص من النظام الامامي الاستبدادي. كما كان لهذا الحدث من اهمية ليس على المستوى اليمني الداخلي وانما على المستوى الخارجي ايظاً، تباينت مواقف الدول الاقليمية والعضمى من الانقلاب مابين الرفض والضد والتأييد والدعم للانقلاب.
استهدف البحث دراسة الواقع الاجتماعي والاقتصادي والسياسي لليمن قبل الانقلاب وكيفية تمكن المعارضة اليمنية من احداث الانقلاب وكيفية تمكن المعارضة اليمنية من احداث الانقلاب، كذلك دراسة مواقف الدول الاقليمية من الانقلاب.
أستعمال أستراتيجية التعلم المدمج في مادة الهندسة وأثره في التفكير الهندسي والتحصيل لدى طلبة قسم الرياضيات في كلية التربية الأساسية في جامعة دهوك
Authors: Mohammed Ali Bhar Q. 
Published: August 2019

يهدف البحث التعرف على أستعمال أستراتيجية التعلم المدمج في مادة الهندسة وأثره في التفكير الهندسي والتحصيل لدى طلبة قسم الرياضيات فـي كليـة التربيـة الاساسـية بجامعة دهوك، وللتحقق من هدف البحث استخدمت الباحثة المنهج التجريبي حيث طبقت التجربة على عينة مؤلفة من (85) طالب وطالبة من المرحلة الثانية تم اختيارها قصديا من كلية التربية الاساسية-قسم الرياضيات في جامعة دهوك للعام الدراسي (2019-2018) ثم وزعت بالأسلوب العشوائي الى مجموعتين متكافئتين احدهما تجريبية مؤلفة من (40) طالبا وطالبة ، درست باستخدام أستراتيجية التعلم المدمج ، وأخرى ضابطة مؤلفة من (45) طالبا وطالبة درست باستخدام الطريقة الاعتيادية ، واعتمدت الباحثة على اختبار جاهز اعده جواد(2011) للتفكير الهندسي مكون من (45) فقرة بعد التحقق من الخصائص السيكومترية للاختبار كما اعدت الباحثة اختبارا تحصيليا مكوناً من (20)فقرة طبق على عينة البحث ، وتم تحليل البيانات بحساب المتوسط الحسابي والاختبار التائي لعينتين مستقلتين ، وأظهرت النتائج الاتي:

وجود فرق دال إحصائياً بين متوسطي درجات مجموعتي البحث وبهذا فإن الطلبة الذين يدرسون وفق استراتيجية التعلم المدمج تفوقوا على الطلبة الذين يدرسون على وفق الطريقة الاعتيادية في اختبار التفكير الهندسي.
عدم وجود فرق دال إحصائياً بين متوسطي درجات مجموعتي البحث في مستوى التفكير الهندسي الأدراكي.
عدم وجود فرق دال إحصائياً بين متوسط درجات مجموعتي البحث في المستوى التحليلي.
وجود فرق دال إحصائياً بين متوسطيدرجات مجموعتي البحث في مستوى التفكير الهندسي الترتيبي.
وجود فرق دال إحصائياً بين متوسطي درجات مجموعتي البحث في مستوى التفكير الهندسي الأستنتاجي.
وجود فرق دال إحصائياً بين متوسطي درجات مجموعتي البحث في اختبار التحصيل, وبهذا فان المجموعة التي درست على وفق استراتيجية التعليم المدمج تفوقوا على المجموعة التي درست على وفق الطريقة الأعتيادية في الاختبار التحصيلي.
Face Recognition Based on Histogram Equalization and LBP Algorithm
Authors: Omar Herman Kh. , Tawfiq Nada E. 
Published: August 2019

In the recent time bioinformatics take wide field in image processing. Face recognition which is basically the task of recognizing a person based on its facial image. It has become very popular in the last two decades, mainly because of the new methods developed and the high quality of the current visual instruments. There are different types of face recognition algorithms, and each method has a different approach to extract the image features and perform the matching with the input image.
In this paper the Local Binary Patterns (LBP) was used, which is a particular case of the Texture Spectrum model, and powerful feature for texture classification. The face recognition system consists of recognizing the faces acquisition from a given data base via two phases. The most useful and unique features of the face image are extracted in the feature extraction phase. In the classification the face image is compared with the images from the database.
The proposed algorithm for face recognition in this paper adopt the LBP features encode local texture information with default values. Apply histogram equalization and Resize the image into 80x60, divide it to five blocks, then Save every LBP feature as a vector table.
Matlab R2019a was used to build the face recognition system. The Results which obtained are accurate and they are 98.8% overall (500 face image).
Uji Aktivitas Antibakteri dari Isolat Daun Tendani (Goniothalamus Macrophyllus Hook. f. & Thomson.)
Authors: Wijaya Viriyanata , Supriyatna Supriyatna , Milanda Tiana 
Published: August 2019

Tumbuhan tendani (Goniothalamus macrophyllus) secara empiris digunakan sebagai obat luar untuk infeksi kulit pada suku Dayak Punan. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui aktivitas senyawa aktif antibakteri yang terkandung dalam isolat dari fraksi etil asetat Daun G. macrophyllus. Fraksi etil asetat adalah fraksi teraktif yang diperoleh dari hasil pengujian aktivitas antibakteri. Isolat diperoleh dari proses pemisahan dan pemurnian menggunakan kromatografi kolom dan kromatografi lapis tipis preparatif. Isolat diuji dengan menggunakan metode difusi agar. Hasil uji aktivitas antibakteri isolat dengan konsentrasi 1,2 mg/50 Î¼L (2,4 %) terhadap S. aureus ATCC 25923 menghasilkan diameter zona hambat sebesar 7,85 mm.
Kata kunci : Goniothalamus macrophyllus, aktivitas antibakteri, Staphylococcus aureus, isolat, senyawa aktif
Design and construction of a prototype for the launch and recovery of a “SAAB SEAEYE FALCON” ROV for the diving and salvage department of the Colombian Navy
Authors: Rojas Rúa Jeison , Sánchez Mateus Héctor Ivan , Ovalle Porras Wilson , Casadiego Lissette 
Published: August 2019

The divers of the Colombian Navy carry out search and salvage operations of equipment that are submerged in maritime or fluvial areas. To be effective, the diving and salvage department must have appropriate equipment to ensure the completion of the inspections carried out; however, since underwater dive inspections are carried out in difficult access or dangerous places, it is necessary to use specialized equipment such as remote operation vehicles - ROV, where the urgent need to implement a launching system for the immersion and subsequent extraction of such equipment is identified.
As a result of the existing problem, the project is built with the purpose of creating a prototype for the immersion and extraction of a “SAAB SEAEYE FALCON” ROV, thus facilitating inspections and reaching depths of 300 meters. For its construction, exploratory research was carried out and a deductive method was applied; modeling was performed using SolidWorks software as a tool for its construction that allowed identifying the best electromechanical structure, and the component to be used for its construction was identified through the study of pure and composite materials, which processes allowed designing and building a LARS prototype that met the operational objectives for which it was proposed.
PENGARUH SEDIAAN SALUT DAN PUPUK ORGANIK CAIR TERHADAP PERTUMBUHAN DAN HASIL KEDELAI (Glycine max L. Merril)
Authors: Erlinda Erlinda , Jamilah Jamilah , Herman Welly 
Published: August 2019

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui interaksi pengaruh Sediaan Salut dan Pupuk Organik Cair Unitas Super terhadap pertumbuhan dan hasil kedelai (Glycine max.L Merril). Penelitian ini menggunakan rancangan acak lengkap yang disusun secara faktorial dengan 2 perlakuan dan 3 ulangan. Faktor pertama sediaan salut terdiri atas 2 taraf yaitu tanpa salut SO (kontrol) dan S1 (1kg tanah + 1kg kompos + 100gr kapur +0,5 kg tanah bekas tanam kedelai + 10 gr pupuk PK), faktor ke 2 adalah aplikasi POC yang terdiri atas 4 taraf yaitu 0 ml/L,10ml/L,20 ml/L,30 ml/L. Hasil penelitian yang telah dilakukan menunjukkan bahwa pemberian tanpa Salut dan POC US pada taraf 30 ml/L dapat meningkatkan tinggi tanaman, rasio tajuk akar, dan bobot 100 biji.Key words : kedelai, salut, pupuk organik cair
Postoperative day 1 versus postoperative day 5 morning cortisol for predicting an intact hypothalamic-pituitary axis: A cohort analysis
Authors: Dupepe Esther , Patel Daxa , Miller Joseph , Rizo Ivania , Vaughan Tom Brooks , Riley Kristen 
Published: August 2019

Background:
A reliable standard for evaluating postoperative hypothalamic-pituitary-axis (HPA) function following transsphenoidal pituitary surgery (TSS) could reduce hospital stays and unnecessary prolonged steroid therapy. We retrospectively examined the predictive role of morning cortisol levels on long-term HPA function to develop an institutional protocol. Here, we report the results of this analysis, which is the first to report the predictive strength of multiple variables (i.e., timing of measurement and values of serum cortisol cutoffs) within the same cohort.

Methods:
A retrospective chart review was performed in 183 patients at a single institution from 2007 to 2012. 67 patients met inclusion criteria. The predictive value of postoperative day (POD) 1 and POD 5 morning cortisol for HPA function as determined by 1 ug cosyntropin stimulation test was evaluated using standard confusion matrix calculations and receiver-operator control curve analysis.

Results:
In our cohort, an early POD 5 serum morning cortisol 15 ug/dl predicted an intact HPA axis with 100% specificity, 51% sensitivity, and a positive predictive value (PPV) of 100%. A POD 1 serum cortisol 25 ug/dl was needed to achieve a specificity of 100% and PPV of 100% to predict an intact HPA axis with a sensitivity of 30%. A POD 1 serum cortisol 18 ug/dl predicted an intact HPA axis with 33.3% specificity, PPV of 90.9%, and a sensitivity of 51.3%.

Conclusion:
A POD 5 morning cortisol level 15 ug/dl is an excellent predictor of normal postoperative HPA function in patients undergoing TSS for pituitary adenoma.
A noninvasive method for the estimation of increased intracranial pressure in patients with severe traumatic brain injury using optic nerve sheath diameter measured on computed tomography head
Authors: Majeed Gohar , Kashyap Samir , Menoni Rosalinda , Miulli Dan , Sweiss Raed 
Published: August 2019

Background:Measurement of optic nerve sheath diameter (ONSD) using ocular ultrasonography has shown a promise in predicting increased intracranial pressure (ICP). However, this method is dependent on operator technique and equipment availability. We propose an alternative method of measuring ONSD and Marshall score grading by utilizing initial computed tomography (CT) head obtained on admission. We believe that such a technique could help predict patients requiring an invasive ICP monitor on admission.Methods:Patients were retrospectively selected from the neurosurgery database of a level II trauma center. Control patients originated from a database of nontraumatic brain injury (TBI) patients with a negative CT head and no intracranial pathology. Study subjects included patients aged 18–90 years, who sustained a severe TBI requiring placement of an ICP monitor on admission. All patients had a non-contrast CT head before the placement of an ICP monitor. Patients receiving any intervention for decreasing suspected elevated ICPs and those with any documented orbital fractures before ICP monitor placement were excluded from the study. All measurements were performed by at least of two independent assessors.Results:A total of 242 patients were reviewed, of which 204 (100 control and 104 intervention) met inclusion criteria for this study. T he average age in the control group was 49.1 ± 22.9 years old while the average age of the intervention group was 36.9 ± 15.1 years (P <0.0001). The average Glasgow Coma Scale was 7 in the intervention group. The average ONSD of the control group was 5.73 ± 0.58 mm compared to 6.76 ± 0.83 mm in the intervention group (P <0.0001). Linear regression analysis demonstrated a statistically significant correlation between ONSD and opening ICP (r= 0.40,P< 0.001) and peak ICP (r= 0.31,P <0.0001). An ONSD 6.0 mm + Marshall score 3 on initial CT head demonstrated a 92.5% sensitivity, 92.6% specificity, and 96.1% positive predictive value for developing an ICP 20 mmHg during hospitalization.Conclusion:Utilizing ONSD in combination with Marshall score grading on initial CT head is a strong predictor of elevated ICP. These criteria can be used in future studies to develop more objective criteria to guide ICP monitor placement.
Computed tomography-guided navigated transcranial magnetic stimulation for preoperative brain motor mapping in brain lesion resection: A case report
Authors: Ferreira Pinto Pedro Henrique da Costa , Nigri Flavio , Caparelli-Dáquer Egas Moniz , Viana Jucilana dos Santos 
Published: August 2019

Background:
Navigated transcranial magnetic stimulation (nTMS) is a well establish a noninvasive method for preoperative brain motor mapping. We commonly use magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) to supply the nTMS system. In some cases, MRI is not possible or available, and the use of computed tomography (CT) is necessary. We present the first report describing the association of CT and nTMS motor mapping for brain lesion resection.

Case Description:
CT imaging of a 59-year-old man suffering from acquired immune deficiency syndrome for 17 years, presenting with seizure and right hemiparesis, revealed a small single hypodense ring-enhancing lesion in the left central sulci suggesting cerebral toxoplasmosis. After 3 weeks of neurotoxoplasmosis treatment, due to four consecutive tonic-clonic seizures, a new CT scan was performed and showed no lesion changes. MRI was in maintenance at that time. Infectious diseases department suggested a brain lesion biopsy. Due to lesion’s location, we decided to perform a presurgical nTMS motor mapping. After a small craniotomy, we could precisely locate and safely totally remove the lesion. The pathology report revealed a high suspicious toxoplasmosis pattern. The patient was discharged after 2 days and continued toxoplasmosis treatment. After 6 months follow-up, he showed no signs of any procedure-related deficits or radiological recurrence.

Conclusion:
We report the feasibility and applicability of nTMS motor mapping using CT scan as an image source. It gives neurosurgeons another possibility to perform motor mapping for brain lesion removal, especially when MRI is not available or feasible.
Transnasal endoscopic removal of a retrochiasmatic cavernoma: A case report and review of literature
Authors: Zoia Cesare , Bongetta Daniele , Dorelli Gianluigi , Luzzi Sabino , Maestro Mattia Del , Galzio Renato J. 
Published: August 2019

Background:
Cavernomas arising in the region of the optic apparatus are extremely rare, accounting for <1% of all the central nervous system cavernomas. Most patients are affected by acute visual disturbances related to hemorrhagic events. A prompt resection of the lesion together with a decompression of the optic apparatus may lead to a functional improvement. Almost all patients reported in literature were treated by means of a craniotomy, whereas only few papers described the use of a transnasal approach.

Case Description:
We report the case of a 53-year-old woman with a hemorrhagic, cavernous malformation of the optic chiasm region and we discuss the technical nuances of the endoscopic transnasal approach we employed. We also review literature for patients with cavernomas treated with a transsphenoidal approach. In our case, the patient underwent the gross-total resection of the lesion through a fully endoscopic transnasal route and the visual disturbances improved immediately after the operation. The ventral access allowed an adequate exposure of the chiasm/anterior circulation complex, thus avoiding an excessive dissection and retraction of neurovascular structures. Moreover, with the aid of angled scopes, we were able to identify the frail vascular supply of the chiasm by employing the suprachiasmatic corridor as well as the infrachiasmatic one. We stress the need for a careful reconstruction of the skull base to avoid a postoperative cerebrospinal fluid leak.

Conclusions:
With the evolution and spreading of the neuroendoscopic techniques, in selected cases, we advocate the use of the transnasal route for the removal of cavernomas arising in the region of the anterior optic pathways.
DistalCauda equinasyndrome: A case report of lumbosacral disc pathology and review of literature
Authors: Benko Michael J. , Danison Aaron P. , Marvin Eric A. , Saway Brian F. 
Published: August 2019

Background:Cauda equinasyndrome (CES) is an uncommon entity that presents acutely with all or some of the following symptoms; urinary incontinence from retention, fecal incontinence from loss of sphincter tone, saddle area hypoesthesia or anesthesia, and acute or progressive weakness in one or both lower extremities. The protean symptomatology is often mixed and is vulnerable to confounding comorbidities making the accurate and timely diagnosis of this syndrome uniquely challenging. Here, we present the case of a man who developed isolated sacral nerve dysfunction from CES in the midst of a diabetic crisis.Case Description:A 53-year-old male with a long history of uncontrolled Type 2 diabetes presented with acute-onset urinary and fecal incontinence, scrotal anesthesia, and a 3-day history of lower back pain with intermittent bilateral leg pain. This patient displayed no objective changes in leg strength, sensation, or reflexes. In addition, the patient tested positive for cocaine and had a blood glucose level of 800 mg/dL which confounded his clinical picture. The patient underwent bilateral laminectomies from L4–S1 with the removal of a large sequestered disc fragment from the S1–S2 disc space within 8 h of presentation with reasonable recovery.Conclusion:Highly variable presentations often confound the accurate and timely diagnosis of CES with severe implications on quality of life. Despite the limited functional recovery seen after surgical decompression, urgent or emergent intervention is paramount for treatment. Our patient’s presenting symptomatology and comorbidities highlight the need for practitioners to maintain a high index of suspicion in anyone with incontinence and back pain, regardless of distractors and even in the absence of other anticipated motor or sensory findings.
Surgical microanatomy of the occipital artery for suboccipital muscle dissection and intracranial artery reconstruction
Authors: Hatano Yuto , Ota Nakao , Noda Kosumo , Okada Yasuaki , Suzuki Yosuke , Fukuyama Shusei , Tanada Shuichi , Hashimoto Atsumu , Kondo Tomomasa , Miyazaki Takanori , Kinoshita Yu , Kamiyama Hiroyasu , Tokuda Sadahisa , Tanikawa Rokuya 
Published: August 2019

Background:
The occipital artery (OA) is an important donor artery for posterior fossa revascularization. Harvesting the OA is difficult in comparison to the superficial temporal artery because the OA runs between suboccipital muscles. Anatomical knowledge of the suboccipital muscles and OA is essential for harvesting the OA during elevation of the splenius capitis muscle (SPL) for reconstruction of the posterior inferior cerebellar artery. We analyzed the running pattern of the OA and its anatomic variations using preoperative and intraoperative findings.

Methods:
From April 2012 to March 2018, we surgically treated 162 patients with suboccipital muscle dissection by OA dissection using the lateral suboccipital approach. The running pattern and relationship between the suboccipital muscles and OA were retrospectively analyzed using the operation video and preoperative enhanced computed tomography (CT) images. The anatomic variation in the running pattern of the OA was classified into two types: lateral type, running lateral to the muscle and medial type, running medial to the longissimus capitis muscle (LNG).

Results:
The medial pattern was observed in 107 (66%) patients and the lateral pattern in 54 (33.3%); 1 (0.6%) patient had the OA running between the LNGs.

Conclusion:
Preoperative CT is effective in determining the running course of the OA, which is important for safely harvesting the OA during SPL elevation. There is a risk of causing OA injury in patients with the lateral pattern. This is the first report showing that the OA rarely runs in between the LNGs.
Catheter fragment retrieved from an arterial branch of the right middle cerebral artery
Authors: Goland Javier , Yasuda Ezequiel , Monteverde Martín , Garbugino Silvia 
Published: August 2019

Background:
Cerebral emboli is a rare complication of endovascular procedures and foreign bodies in the cerebrovascular system can lead to stroke. When an intravascular foreign body is identified, endovascular retrieval should be attempted due to its high success rate and minimal morbidity.

Case Description:
A 59-year-old male patient underwent cine-coronario-graphy through a trans-radial approach because of angina. During the study, a 6Fr catheter fragment ruptured, detached and migrated to a right middle cerebral artery branch. We recovered it with a coronary balloon.

Conclusion:
A coronary angioplasty balloon is an option for retrieving foreign objects or device fragments that have migrated into cerebral vasculature.