bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Kupfer‐katalysierte Triborierung terminaler Alkine mit B2pin2: Effiziente Synthese von 1,1,2‐Triborylalkenen
Authors: Liu Xiaocui , Ming Wenbo , Friedrich Alexandra , Kerner Florian , Marder Todd B. 
Published: September 2019

AbstractWir berichten über die katalytische Triborierung terminaler Alkine mit B2pin2 (Bis‐(pinakolato)‐dibor) unter Verwendung von einfach zugänglichem Cu(OAc)2 und PnBu3. Verschiedene 1,1,2‐Triborylalkene, eine Verbindungsklasse mit potentieller Funktion als Matrix‐Metallo‐Proteinase(MMP‐2)‐Inhibitor, werden direkt in mäßigen bis guten Ausbeuten erhalten. Das Verfahren zeichnet sich durch milde Reaktionsbedingungen, ein breites Substratspektrum und eine gute Verträglichkeit gegenüber funktionellen Gruppen aus. Diese Cu‐katalysierte Reaktion kann im Gramm‐Maßstab durchgeführt werden und liefert die entsprechenden 1,1,2‐Triborylalkene in mäßigen Ausbeuten. Die Verwendung solcher Verbindungen wird anhand weiterer Transformationen der C−B‐Bindungen zur Darstellung eines geminalen Dihalogenborylalkens (F, Cl, Br), eines Monohalogendiborylalkens (Cl, Br) und eines trans‐Diaryldiborylalkens demonstriert, welche bedeutende Synthesebausteine darstellen und bisher nur schwer zugänglich waren.
Copper‐Catalyzed Triboration of Terminal Alkynes Using B2pin2: Efficient Synthesis of 1,1,2‐Triborylalkenes
Authors: Liu Xiaocui , Ming Wenbo , Friedrich Alexandra , Kerner Florian , Marder Todd B. 
Published: September 2019

AbstractWe report herein the catalytic triboration of terminal alkynes with B2pin2 (bis(pinacolato)diboron) using readily available Cu(OAc)2 and PnBu3. Various 1,1,2‐triborylalkenes, a class of compounds that have been demonstrated to be potential matrix metalloproteinase (MMP‐2) inhibitors, were obtained directly in moderate to good yields. The process features mild reaction conditions, a broad substrate scope, and good functional group tolerance. This copper‐catalyzed reaction can be conducted on a gram scale to produce the corresponding 1,1,2‐triborylalkenes in modest yields. The utility of these products was demonstrated by further transformations of the C−B bonds to prepare gem‐dihaloborylalkenes (F, Cl, Br), monohaloborylalkenes (Cl, Br), and trans‐diaryldiborylalkenes, which serve as important synthons and have previously been challenging to prepare.
Immobilization of polyvinyl alcohol‐siloxane on the oxygen plasma‐modified polyurethane‐carbon nanotube composite matrix
Authors: Aidun Amir , Zamanian Ali , Ghorbani Farnaz 
Published: September 2019

ABSTRACTPolyurethane‐based scaffolds have been considered as a promising strategy for tissue regeneration. Herein, the polyurethane and carbon nanotubes electrospun scaffolds were modified by polyvinyl alcohol‐3‐glycidoxypropyl‐trimethoxysilane after oxygen plasma treatment to improve physicochemical and in vitro properties for efficient bone reconstruction. Finally, the morphology of scaffolds, chemical characterization, surface roughness, bioactivity, hydrophilicity, cell attachment, cell viability, and alkaline phosphatase activity were investigated. According to microscopy results, bead free and smooth fibers were obtained using electrospinning while the degree of uniformity was reduced after the surface modification process. However, the modification process induced higher hydrophilicity and bioactivity to prepared scaffolds. In addition, the attachment and viability of the cells were improved as a function of surface modification. The expression of alkaline phosphatase especially in modified fibers confirmed the initial potential of scaffolds for bone tissue engineering applications and further studies. © 2019 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Appl. Polym. Sci. 2020, 137, 48477.
Protein‐facilitated gold nanoparticle formation as indicators of ionizing radiation
Authors: Thaker Amar , Pushpavanam Karthik , Bista Tomasz , Sapareto Stephen , Rege Kaushal , Nannenga Brent L. 
Published: September 2019

AbstractThe use of X‐ray radiation in radiotherapy is a common treatment for many cancers. Despite several scientific advances, determination of radiation delivered to the patient remains a challenge due to the inherent limitations of existing dosimeters including fabrication and operation. Here, we describe a colorimetric nanosensor that exhibits unique changes in color as a function of therapeutically relevant radiation dose (3–15 Gy). The nanosensor is formulated using a gold salt and maltose‐binding protein as a templating agent, which upon exposure to ionizing radiation is converted to gold nanoparticles. The formation of gold nanoparticles from colorless precursor salts renders a change in color that can be observed visually. The dose‐dependent multicolored response was quantified through a simple ultraviolet–visible spectrophotometer and the peak shift associated with the different colored dispersions was used as a quantitative indicator of therapeutically relevant radiation doses. The ease of fabrication, visual color changes upon exposure to ionizing radiation, and quantitative read‐out demonstrates the potential of protein‐facilitated biomineralization approaches to promote the development of next‐generation detectors for ionizing radiation.
Efficacy and safety of generic imatinib after switching from original imatinib in patients treated for chronic myeloid leukemia in the United States
Authors: Abou Dalle Iman , Kantarjian Hagop , Burger Jan , Estrov Zeev , Ohanian Maro , Verstovsek Srdan , Ravandi Farhad , Borthakur Gautam , Garcia‐Manero Guillermo , Jabbour Elias , Cortes Jorge 
Published: September 2019

AbstractIntroductionImatinib is standard therapy for patients with chronic myeloid leukemia (CML). In February 2016, a generic formulation entered the US market. Physicians and patients are frequently concerned about whether switching from original to generic drugs may affect the efficacy and/or safety.Materials and methodsThis is an observational retrospective study using medical charts of patients diagnosed with CML in the chronic phase who were treated with original imatinib from the year 2000 to 2017 and who were subsequently switched to generic imatinib.ResultsIn this study, 38 patients have switched to generic imatinib. Before the switch, responses were assessed on all patients, all of them were in CCyR and 36 (95%) were in MMR, including 28 (74%) with MR4.5. Patients have received generic imatinib for a median of 19.4 (range, 3.4‐46.3) months. Molecular responses after switching were stable in 89%, improved in 8%, and worsened in 3% of patients. After switching, 15 (39%) patients reported new or worsening adverse events, including 5 (13%) patients with edema, 8 (21%) muscle cramps, 7 (18%) nausea, 6 (16%) diarrhea, and 5 (13%) fatigue.DiscussionBioequivalence studies demonstrated the same rate and extent of absorption of generic imatinib compared to the original form, which led to the FDA approval. In our observational series, most of the patients maintained their responses and none lost MMR. Adverse events noted were mild and well tolerated.ConclusionA change from original to generic imatinib appears to maintain efficacy and be generally safe. More patients and longer follow‐up are required to confirm these observations.
Identifying and understanding gaps in services for adults experiencing homelessness
Authors: Barile John P. , Pruitt Anna S. , Parker Josie L. 
Published: September 2019

AbstractGaps between service needs and availability often prevent individuals with a history of homelessness from accessing services and reestablishing permanent housing. This paper examines self‐identified service utilization and service needs based on data collected from an urban sample (N = 577) of adults experiencing homelessness. This study found that individuals differ in their use and continued need of services depending on the reasons they identified as contributing to their homelessness. The majority reported that they learned of services through word of mouth, had difficulty accessing services due to limited transportation options, and were most likely to use services that were in convenient locations that fulfilled their needs and where they were treated with respect. These findings have implications for developing coordinated intakes and the development and dissemination of services aimed at assisting individuals experiencing homelessness.
Synthesis and Antioxidant Activity of Carane and Pinane Based Sulfenimines and Sulfinimines
Authors: Sudarikov Denis V. , Krymskaya Yulia V. , Shevchenko Oksana G. , Slepukhin Pavel A. , Rubtsova Svetlana A. , Kutchin Aleksandr V. 
Published: September 2019

AbstractThe synthesis of sulfenimines and sulfinimines has been carried out with 10‐hydroxyisocamphylthiol. The configuration of the compounds has been deduced by methods of NMR, DFT calculations and X‐ray diffraction analysis. The cytotoxic, antioxidant and membrane‐protective activity of the synthesized compounds as well as of the previously obtained sulfenimines and sulfinimines based on 4‐caranethiol have been determined.
Mechanistic Insights on the Functionalization of CO2 with Amines and Hydrosilanes Catalyzed by a Zwitterionic Iridium Carboxylate‐Functionalized Bis‐NHC Catalyst
Authors: Ojeda‐Amador Ana I. , Munarriz Julen , Alamán‐Valtierra Pablo , Polo Víctor , Puerta‐Oteo Raquel , Jiménez M. Victoria , Fernández‐Alvarez Francisco J. , Pérez‐Torrente Jesús J. 
Published: September 2019

AbstractThe zwitterionic complex [Cp*IrCl{(MeIm)2CHCOO}] (1) efficiently catalyzes the selective hydrosilylation of CO2 to afford the corresponding silylformate. The best reaction performance has been achieved in acetonitrile at 348 K using HSiMe2Ph. The 1‐catalyzed reaction of pyrrolidine with CO2 and HSiMe2Ph strongly depends on the CO2 pressure. At low concentration of CO2 (1 bar) formation of the corresponding silylcarbamate, by insertion of CO2 into the Si−N bond of the in situ generated silylamine was observed, while at higher pressure (3 bar) the formamide derivative was obtained as major reaction product. The unexpected formation of pyrrolidin‐1‐ium formate as intermediate of the reaction the 1‐catalyzed of CO2 with pyrrolidine and HSiMe2Ph has been observed, and its role in the formation of 1‐formylpyrrolidine rationalized. Moreover, a mechanism for the reaction of CO2 with hydrosilanes, in the presence and in the absence of amines, based on theoretical calculations has been proposed.
Type and case volume of health care facility influences survival and surgery selection in cases with early‐stage non–small cell lung cancer
Authors: Wang Shidan , Lai Sunny , von Itzstein Mitchell S. , Yang Lin , Yang Donghan M. , Zhan Xiaowei , Xiao Guanghua , Halm Ethan A. , Gerber David E. , Xie Yang 
Published: September 2019

BackgroundWith the expansion of non–small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) screening methods, the percentage of cases with early‐stage NSCLC is anticipated to increase. Yet it remains unclear how the type and case volume of the health care facility at which treatment occurs may affect surgery selection and overall survival for cases with early‐stage NSCLC.MethodsA total of 332,175 cases with the American Joint Committee on Cancer (AJCC) TNM stage I and stage II NSCLC who were reported to the National Cancer Data Base (NCDB) by 1302 facilities were studied. Facility type was characterized in the NCDB as community cancer program (CCP), comprehensive community cancer program (CCCP), academic/research program (ARP), or integrated network cancer program (INCP). Each facility type was dichotomized further into high‐volume or low‐volume groups based on the case volume. Multivariate Cox proportional hazard models, the logistic regression model, and propensity score matching were used to evaluate differences in survival and surgery selection among facilities according to type and volume.ResultsCases from ARPs were found to have the longest survival (median, 16.4 months) and highest surgery rate (74.8%), whereas those from CCPs had the shortest survival (median, 9.7 months) and the lowest surgery rate (60.8%). The difference persisted when adjusted by potential confounders. For cases treated at CCPs, CCCPs, and ARPs, high‐volume facilities had better survival outcomes than low‐volume facilities. In facilities with better survival outcomes, surgery was performed for a greater percentage of cases compared with facilities with worse outcomes.ConclusionsFor cases with early‐stage NSCLC, both facility type and case volume influence surgery selection and clinical outcome. Higher surgery rates are observed in facilities with better survival outcomes.
Development and sensory experience dependent regulation of microglia in barrel cortex
Authors: Kalambogias John , Chen Chia‐Chien , Khan Safraz , Son Titus , Wercberger Racheli , Headlam Carolyn , Lin Cindy , Brumberg Joshua C. 
Published: September 2019

AbstractThe barrel cortex is within the primary somatosensory cortex of the rodent, and processes signals from the vibrissae. Much focus has been devoted to the function of neurons, more recently, the role of glial cells in the processing of sensory input has gained increasing interest. Microglia are the principal immune cells of the nervous system that survey and regulate the cellular constituents of the dynamic nervous system. We investigated the normal and disrupted development of microglia in barrel cortex by chronically depriving sensory signals via whisker trimming for the animals’ first postnatal month. Using immunohistochemistry to label microglia, we performed morphological reconstructions as well as densitometry analyses as a function of developmental age and sensory experience. Findings suggest that both developmental age and sensory experience has profound impact on microglia morphology. Following chronic sensory deprivation, microglia undergo a morphological transition from a monitoring or resting state to an altered morphological state, by exhibiting expanded cell body size and retracted processes. Sensory restoration via whisker regrowth returns these morphological alterations back to age‐matched control values. Our results indicate that microglia may be recruited to participate in the modulation of neuronal structural remodeling during developmental critical periods and in response to alteration in sensory input.
Acute stress impairs children's sustained attention with increased vulnerability for children of mothers reporting higher parenting stress
Authors: Roos Leslie E. , Giuliano Ryan J. , Beauchamp Kathryn G. , Berkman Elliot T. , Knight Erik L. , Fisher Philip A. 
Published: September 2019

AbstractDespite evidence that acute stress impairs attention in adults, there has been minimal research in children. Here, the effects of acute stress on Go/No‐go performance were examined in young children (M age = 5.41 years). Given the critical role of the parent–child relationship to children's self‐regulatory development, the extent to which parenting stress predicts children's cognitive vulnerability to acute stress and autonomic reactivity was also investigated. A between‐groups design (n = 58 stress, n = 26 control) was used with oversampling of the stressor‐exposed children to examine individual differences. The Parenting Stress Index and subscales were employed as a measure of parenting stress. Acute stress impaired children's sustained attention, but not inhibitory control. Higher parenting stress was associated with vulnerability to attentional impairment. Parenting distress was also positively associated with sympathetic reactivity to acute stress, but neither sympathetic nor parasympathetic reactivity was associated with attentional impairment. A conceptual model of pathways through which repetitive acute stress may contribute to self‐regulatory difficulties is presented, including the potential buffering role of caregivers.
Weighing homoplasy against alternative scenarios with the help of macroevolutionary modeling: A case study on limb bones of fossorial sciuromorph rodents
Authors: Wölfer Jan , Nyakatura John A. 
Published: September 2019

AbstractHomoplasy is a strong indicator of a phenotypic trait's adaptive significance when it can be linked to a similar function. We assessed homoplasy in functionally relevant scapular and femoral traits of Marmotini and Xerini, two sciuromorph rodent clades that independently acquired a fossorial lifestyle from an arboreal ancestor. We studied 125 species in the scapular dataset and 123 species in the femoral dataset. Pairwise evolutionary model comparison was used to evaluate whether homoplasy of trait optima is more likely than other plausible scenarios. The most likely trend of trait evolution among all traits was assessed via likelihood scoring of all considered models. The homoplasy hypothesis could never be confirmed as the single most likely model. Regarding likelihood scoring, scapular traits most frequently did not differ among Marmotini, Xerini, and arboreal species. For the majority of femoral traits, results indicate that Marmotini, but not Xerini, evolved away from the ancestral arboreal condition. We conclude on the basis of the scapular results that the forelimbs of fossorial and arboreal sciuromorphs share mostly similar functional demands, whereas the results on the femur indicate that the hind limb morphology is less constrained, perhaps depending on the specific fossorial habitat.
Silver spoon effects are constrained under extreme adult environmental conditions
Authors: Pigeon Gabriel , Loe Leif Egil , Bischof Richard , Bonenfant Christophe , Forchhammer Mads , Irvine R. Justin , Ropstad Erik , Stien Audun , Veiberg Vebjørn , Albon Steve 
Published: September 2019

AbstractEarly‐life environmental conditions may generate cohort differences in individual fitness, subsequently affecting population growth rates. Three, nonmutually exclusive hypotheses predict the nature of these fitness differences: (1) silver spoon effects, where individuals born in good conditions perform better across the range of adult environments; (2) the “environmental saturation” hypothesis, where fitness differences only occur in intermediate adult environmental conditions; and (3) the “environmental matching” or “predictive adaptive response” (PAR) hypothesis, where fitness is highest when adult environmental conditions match those experienced in early life. We quantified the context‐dependent effect of early‐life environment on subsequent reproductive success, survival, and population growth rate (λ) of Svalbard reindeer, and explored how well it was explained by the three hypotheses. We found that good early‐life conditions increased reproductive success compared to poor early‐life conditions, but only when experiencing intermediate adult environmental conditions. This is the first example of what appears to be both “beneficial” and “detrimental environmental saturation” in a natural system. Despite weak early‐life effects on survival, cohorts experiencing good early‐life conditions contributed to higher population growth rates, when simulating realistic variation in adult environmental conditions. Our results show how the combination of a highly variable environment and biological constraints on fitness components can suppress silver spoon effects at both extremes of the adult environmental gradient.
Biotransformation of Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons by Trout Liver S9 Fractions: Evaluation of Competitive Inhibition Using a Substrate Depletion Approach
Authors: Nichols John W. , Ladd Melanie A. , Hoffman Alex D. , Fitzsimmons Patrick N. 
Published: September 2019

Abstract
Environmental contaminants frequently occur as part of a chemical mixture, potentially resulting in competitive inhibition among multiple substrates metabolized by the same enzyme. Trout liver S9 fractions were used to evaluate the biotransformation of 3 polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs): phenanthrene, pyrene, and benzo[a]pyrene, tested as binary mixtures. Initial rates of biotransformation were determined using a substrate-depletion approach. The resulting data were then fitted by simultaneous nonlinear regression to a competitive inhibition model. In each case, the PAH possessing the lower Michaelis-Menten affinity constant (KM) competitively inhibited biotransformation of the other compound. Inhibition constants determined for the lower-KM compound were generally close to previously determined KM values, consistent with the suggestion that phase I biotransformation of PAHs is largely catalyzed by one or a small number of cytochrome P450 enzymes. The use of a substrate-depletion approach to perform enzyme-inhibition studies imposes practical limitations on experimental design and complicates the interpretation of derived kinetic constants. Nevertheless, the resulting information may have utility for chemical hazard assessments as well as the design and interpretation of controlled laboratory studies. Depletion experiments informed by measured chemical concentrations in tissues may also provide a means of determining whether enzyme inhibition occurs under relevant environmental conditions. Environ Toxicol Chem 2019;38:2729–2739. Published 2019 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. on behalf of SETAC. This article is a US government work, and as such, is in the public domain in the United States of America
Piperine as a neuroprotective functional component in rats with cerebral ischemic injury
Authors: Hua Shiyao , Liu Jiayue , Zhang Yiwei , Li Juan , Zhang Xinhui , Dong Lin , Zhao Yunsheng , Fu Xueyan 
Published: September 2019

AbstractLong pepper (Piper longum L.) and black pepper (Piper nigrum L.) plants are commonly used as spices around the world and have also been postulated to have medicinal effects. Piperine, as the major alkaloid of P. nigrum and P. longum, has gained wide attention of the medical community and culinary enthusiasts. This study seeks to determine the effects of piperine on neuronal apoptosis in peri‐infarcted cerebral cortices of rats with permanent middle cerebral artery occlusion (pMCAO) injury. Evaluation of the different behavioral components was conducted after pMCAO. 2, 3, 5‐Triphenyltetrazolium chloride (TTC) was used to evaluate the area of cortical ischemia. Gross histopathological changes, as well as microscopic neuronal changes, were observed in brain tissue samples. The protein expression of Caspase‐3, Caspase‐9, Bax, Bcl‐2, and Cytochrome C (Cyt‐c) was analyzed using western blotting. The findings reveal that rats that received piperine treatment show markedly decreased neurological deficit, less ischemia‐induced cellular damage, as well as smaller areas of cerebral infarction, with less severe macro and microcellular cerebral structural changes. Western blotting analysis reveals that piperine administration inhibits Bax, while enhancing Bcl‐2 expression. The protein expression of Caspase‐3, Caspase‐9, and Cyt‐c was also found to be significantly inhibited. We conclude that piperine may provide several beneficial neuroprotective effects that warrant further investigation.