bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
High quality refinable G‐splines for locally quad‐dominant meshes with T‐gons
Authors: Karčiauskas K. , Peters J. 
Published: August 2019

AbstractPolyhedral modeling and re‐meshing algorithms use T‐junctions to add or remove feature lines in a quadrilateral mesh. In many ways this is akin to adaptive knot insertion in a tensor‐product spline, but differs in that the designer or meshing algorithm does not necessarily protect the consistent combinatorial structure that is required to interpret the resulting quad‐dominant mesh as the control net of a hierarchical spline – and so associate a smooth surface with the mesh as in the popular tensor‐product spline paradigm. While G‐splines for multi‐sided holes or generalized subdivision can, in principle, convert quad‐dominant meshes with T‐junctions into smooth surfaces, they do not preserve the two preferred directions and so cause visible shape artifacts. Only recently have n‐gons with T‐junctions (T‐gons) in unstructured quad‐dominant meshes been recognized as a distinct challenge for generalized splines. This paper makes precise the notion of locally quad‐dominant mesh as quad‐meshes including τ‐nets, i.e. T‐gons surrounded by quads; and presents the first high‐quality G‐spline construction that can use τ‐nets as control nets for spline surfaces suitable, e.g., for automobile outer surfaces. Remarkably, T‐gons can be neighbors, separated by only one quad, both of T‐gons and of points where many quads meet. A τ‐net surface cap consists of 16 polynomial pieces of degree (3,5) and is refinable in a way that is consistent with the surrounding surface. An alternative, everywhere bi‐3 cap is not formally smooth, but achieves the same high‐quality highlight line distribution.
To be biased or to be Neotropical: systematic reassessment of a megadiverse lineage of rove‐beetles (Philonthina, Staphylinini, Staphylininae)
Authors: Chani‐Posse Mariana Raquel , Ramírez‐Salamanca José Manuel 
Published: August 2019

AbstractClassifications in the world's tropics often involve an early and sustained adoption of Holarctic‐based patterns. Such is the case of the megadiverse subtribe Philonthina and its Neotropical (NT) members, for which generic limits are ill‐defined due to an alleged high level of homoplasy. Although a recent total‐evidence study confirmed the monophyly of a NT lineage, most of its species are assigned to the speciose genera Belonuchus Nordmann and Paederomimus Sharp, neither of them monophyletic. Here, we aim to reveal internal relationships within the NT lineage by the reassessment of characters from traditional morphology‐based systematics. Specific objectives are to test the monophyly of Belonuchus with regards to its only junior synonym, Musicoderus Sharp, as well as the placement of the six South American species of Hesperus Fauvel, a genus of Holarctic origin. We performed a phylogenetic analysis of the subtribe with focus on its NT lineage based on 132 morphological characters (50 of them novel) including 79 taxa from genera and/or species groups relevant to our study. Most novel characters assessed herein supported clades across Philonthina and its NT lineage. We found that the NT lineage diversified into at least seven clades, each of which provides a framework for future taxonomic studies. Among them, three clades containing the type species of Belonuchus, Paederomimus and Musicoderus (respectively) appear to be well supported and not closely related. The currently known South American species of Hesperus, however, are recovered within the NT lineage. We propose to resurrect Musicoderus from synonymy with Belonuchus and to transfer Hesperus novoteutonicus to Paederomimus as a new combination: Paederomimus novoteutonicus (Wendeler), comb.n.
Excuse Validation: A Cross‐cultural Study
Authors: Turri John 
Published: August 2019

AbstractIf someone unintentionally breaks the rules, do they break the rules? In the abstract, the answer is obviously “yes.” But, surprisingly, when considering specific examples of unintentional, blameless rule‐breaking, approximately half of people judge that no rule was broken. This effect, known as excuse validation, has previously been observed in American adults. Outstanding questions concern what causes excuse validation, and whether it is peculiar to American moral psychology or cross‐culturally robust. The present paper studies the phenomenon cross‐culturally, focusing on Korean and American adults, and proposes a new explanation of why people engage in excuse validation, in terms of competing forces in human norm‐psychology. The principal findings are that Americans and Koreans engaged in excuse validation at similar levels, and older adults were more likely to engage in excuse validation.Open Research Badges

This article has been awarded Open Materials and Open Data badges. All materials and data are publicly
accessible via the Open Science Framework at https://osf.io/8juyc/. Learn more about the Open Practices
badges from the Center for Open Science: https://osf.io/tvyxz/wiki .
What constitutes a useful measure of protected area effectiveness? A case study of management inputs and protected area impacts in Madagascar
Authors: Eklund Johanna , Coad Lauren , Geldmann Jonas , Cabeza Mar 
Published: August 2019

AbstractProtected areas are one of the key tools for conserving biodiversity and recent studies have highlighted the positive impact they can have in avoiding habitat conversion. However, the relationship to management actions on the ground is far less studied and we currently do not know which management actions are the most crucial for success. To investigate this, we studied the effectiveness of the protected area network of Madagascar. We estimated the impact of individual protected areas in avoiding deforestation, accounting for confounding factors (elevation, slope, distance to urban centers and infrastructure, and distance to forest edge). We then investigated whether Protected Area Management Effectiveness scores, and their different facets, explained the variation observed. We found that the majority of the analyzed protected areas in Madagascar do reduce deforestation. Protected areas with higher management scores did not perform better in terms of avoiding deforestation. We discuss potential explanations for these results, and how they might influence the validity of current methods for estimating different facets of protected area effectiveness under different deforestation scenarios.
A histo‐immunopathologic and prognostic study of erythrodermic cutaneous T‐cell lymphoma
Authors: Vonderheid Eric C. , Kantor Gary R. , Telang Gladys H. , Bujanouskas Paul , Kadin Marshall E. 
Published: August 2019

AbstractBackgroundSézary syndrome (SS) and erythrodermic mycosis fungoides (E‐MF) represent two expressions of erythrodermic cutaneous T‐cell lymphoma (E‐CTCL).MethodsHistopathologic features were compared on skin specimens from 41 patients with SS and 70 patients with E‐MF. Immunopathologic findings were compared on 42 SS and 79 E‐MF specimens.ResultsSpecimens of SS usually showed band‐like dermal infiltrates with intermediate‐sized lymphoid cells and few plasma cells; on the other hand E‐MF more often had a perivascular infiltrative pattern, predominance of small/mixed lymphoid cells and eosinophils. SS also had lower numbers of CD8+ cells and higher numbers of CD62L+ cells compared to E‐MF. For E‐MF patients, the presence of large Pautrier collections, infiltrates with intermediate‐sized cells, increased number of mitotic figures and ≥50% CD62L+ cells in the dermal infiltrate correlated with a relatively poor disease‐specific survival. However, only the presence of mitotic figures retained prognostic significance with clinical stage as a covariate.ConclusionsClinical stage provides the most important prognostic information for patients with E‐CTCL. However, mitotic activity for E‐MF and CD8+ cells <20% for SS have additional value. We hypothesize that observed differences in plasma cell and eosinophil numbers may reflect the influence of CD62L+ central memory T‐cells in the microenvironment.
A wide range gate data acquisition for diagnosing coronary artery disease
Authors: Lee Daehyeon , Yoo Sungjoo , Kim Dong‐Bin 
Published: August 2019

AbstractBackgroundThe turbulence of blood flow caused by stenosis has an impact on the surrounding coronary artery tissue and creates an audio‐frequency vibration to the adjacent myocardial wall. We investigated the diagnostic feasibility of a novel diagnostic method using wide range gate (WRG) ultrasound data acquisition for diagnosing coronary artery disease (CAD). WRG data acquisition detects high‐frequency vibrations from coronary artery stenosis, using pulse‐wave Doppler ultrasound.MethodsWe used a Verasonics ultrasound data acquisition system to implement the WRG data acquisition. Investigators performed clinical trials for 80 subjects, with suspected CAD. All enrolled patients participated in WRG data acquisition before coronary angiography (CAG).ResultsAs compared with the results of CAG, the sensitivity and specificity of the WRG data analysis were 80% and 84%, respectively. The WRG data analysis showed that the sensitivity and specificity were 81% and 79% in the left anterior descending artery, respectively, 75% and 89% in the left circumflex artery, respectively, and 85% and 82% in the right coronary artery, respectively. In a multivariate analysis, a positive vibrometry result was an independent predictive factor for CAD.ConclusionsWe proposed a new diagnostic method for detecting CAD using ultrasound. The new data acquisition method showed good potential as an initial diagnostic tool for CAD.
Organization framework and preliminary findings from the Athens First‐Episode Psychosis Research Study
Authors: Xenaki Lida‐Alkisti , Kollias Costas T. , Stefanatou Pentagiotissa , Ralli Irene , Soldatos Rigas‐Filippos , Dimitrakopoulos Stefanos , Hatzimanolis Alex , Triantafyllou Theoni‐Fani , Kosteletos Ioannis , Vlachos Ilias I. , Selakovic Mirjana , Foteli Stefania , Mantonakis Leonidas , Ermiliou Vassiliki , Voulgaraki Marina , Psarra Evagelia , Gülöksüz Sinan , van Os Jim , Stefanis Nikos C. 
Published: August 2019

AbstractAimsAthens First‐Episode Psychosis (FEP) Research study, aims to explore the potential associations between multiple genetic, environmental and neurometabolic risk factors of psychotic disorders, through the clinical management of FEP patients with minimal exposure (<2 weeks) to antipsychotic treatment at entry. The goal of this paper is to introduce the background, rationale and design of the study and present its preliminary findings.MethodsWe developed a longitudinal cohort study of FEP patients 16‐45 years old, presenting at the emergency units of five psychiatric hospitals across Athens, Greece. Research timeline includes baseline, 1‐month and 1‐year follow‐up. Clinical, genetic, environmental, cognitive and biochemical parameters are measured, using psychometric tools, clinical interviews and laboratory tests. A descriptive analysis of baseline and 1‐month assessments was performed including demographic characteristics, family history, medication, clinical picture, traumatic experiences, drug use and cognitive functioning.ResultsDuring the last 3 years, 130 subjects have been enrolled in the study. Data so far reveal that, despite the severity of baseline presentation, at 1‐month the majority (57.4%) met the Andreasen symptom severity criteria for remission, without the time criterion and showed mild functional improvement. Several environmental adversities and poor cognitive performance were identified, which need to be further elaborated.ConclusionsAthens FEP Research study is the first gene‐environment interaction study in Greece. In this article we introduce the organization and methodological framework of the project, along with its basic initial findings. Future analysis will allow the validation of tractable predictors and risk factors implicated in the development and outcome of psychosis.
Going with the flow: Intraspecific variation may act as a natural ally to counterbalance the impacts of global change for the riparian species Populus deltoides
Authors: Godbout Julie , Gros-Louis Marie‐Claude , Lamothe Manuel , Isabel Nathalie 
Published: August 2019

AbstractThe speed and magnitude of global change will have major impacts on riparian ecosystems, thereby leading to greater forest vulnerability. Assessing species’ adaptive capacities to provide relevant information for vulnerability assessments remains challenging, especially for nonmodel species like the North American Populus deltoides W. Bartram ex Marshall. The objective of this study was to understand how genomic diversity of this foundation species was shaped by its environment (climate, soil, and biotic interactions) to gauge its adaptive capacity. We used two complementary approaches to get a full portrait of P. deltoides genetic diversity at both the species and whole‐genome ranges. First, we used a set of 93 nuclear and three chloroplastic SNP markers in 946 individuals covering most of the species' natural distribution. Then, to measure the degree of intraspecific divergence at the whole‐genome level and to support the outlier and genomic‐environment association analyses, we used a sequence capture approach on DNA pools. Three distinct lineages for P. deltoides were detected, and their current distribution was associated with abiotic and biotic variations. The comparison between both cpDNA and ncDNA patterns showed that gene flow between the lineages is unbalanced. The southern and northeastern populations may benefit from the input, through river flow, of novel alleles located upstream to their local gene pools. These alleles could migrate from populations that are already adapted to conditions that fit the predicted climates in the receiving local populations, hotter at the northeastern limit and drier in the Central United States. These “preadapted” incoming alleles may help to cope with maladaptation in populations facing changing conditions.
Molecular characterisation of Theileria equi and risk factors associated with the occurrence of theileriosis in horses of Punjab (Pakistan)
Authors: Ali S. , Ijaz M. , Farooqi S. H. , Durrani A. Z. , Rashid M. I. , Ghaffar A. , Ali A. , Rehman A. , Aslam S. , Khan I. , Masud A. , Mehmood K. 
Published: August 2019

SummaryTheileria equi (T. equi) is an obligate intra‐ and extra‐erythrocytic parasite that causes equine theileriosis (ET) in equids. Equine theileriosis is considered a notifiable disease of global significance, a major constraint to the international movement of horses, and endemic in many countries. This disease may be difficult to diagnose, as it can produce variable and nonspecific clinical signs. A cross‐sectional study was designed for the molecular characterisation of T. equi and to investigate the associated risk factors of ET accompanied by its consequences on haematological and sero‐biochemical parameters. A convenience sampling of 500 blood samples were collected from ET suspect horses from January to December 2017. PCR was performed on all blood samples targeting the 18S rRNA gene of T. equi followed by sequencing; 9% animals tested positive with confirmed sequences. The isolates of this study showed high homology with Cuban, Russian and Brazilian isolates of T. equi (accession numbers KY111762.2, MG551915.1 and KY952237.1, respectively). Based on multivariate analysis, the principal risk factors consisted of absence of dogs on the premises and presence of tick infestation. The haemato‐biochemical parameters showed a decrease in granulocytes and erythrocytes, and an increase in lymphocytes, monocytes, mean corpuscular volume, mean corpuscular haemoglobin, mean platelet volume, glucose, phosphorus and aspartate aminotransferase in positive horses. This is the first study which identified ET in Punjab (Pakistan) using molecular techniques and risk factors together with the haemato‐biochemical variations in horses.
New advances in the management of cytomegalovirus in allogeneic haemopoietic stem cell transplantation
Authors: Yong Michelle K. , Gottlieb David , Lindsay Julian , Kok Jen , Rawlinson William , Slavin Monica , Ritchie David , Bajel Ashish , Grigg Andrew 
Published: August 2019

AbstractCytomegalovirus (CMV) viraemia continues to be a frequent complication in the post‐haemopoietic stem cell transplantation period despite a low incidence of CMV end‐organ disease. Several significant advances in the understanding and management of CMV infection have occurred in the last few years including improved diagnostics, monitoring of CMV immunity, availability of novel anti‐CMV drugs, and emerging use of immunotherapies including CMV‐specific T‐cell infusions. In addition to reviewing these advances we also explore some of the more practical prescribing issues of the older and newer CMV drugs including cost, toxicity and drug interactions to help clinicians navigate this new era of CMV management.
Improving regional lung cancer optimal care pathway compliance through a rapid‐access respiratory clinic
Authors: Jeyakumar Harshan S. , Wright Alistair 
Published: August 2019

AbstractBackgroundLung cancer is the leading cause of cancer‐related morbidity and mortality in Australia and delays in diagnosis and management increase the potential for disease progression. Incidence and mortality from lung cancer in our region, Gippsland, are higher than the national average, yet there is no known standard referral pathway for diagnosis in the region.AimTo identify the current standard of care for lung cancer diagnosis and the impact a rapid access clinic, led by a respiratory physician, has on optimal care pathway (OCP) compliance.MethodsA retrospective audit of patients with lung cancer managed through our regional hospital between January and December 2018 (Standard Care group), and a prospective audit of a new rapid access, respiratory‐physician led, lung lesion assessment clinic over the same period, were conducted. The primary outcomes were compliance with the OCP target for time from initial computed tomography scan identification of a lung lesion to tissue diagnosis and treatment commencement (target 42 days) when malignancy was confirmed.ResultsThere were 25 cases audited in the Standard Care group and 21 cases seen through the Rapid Access Clinic. The Standard Care group met the target for treatment commencement in 33.3% of cases whereas the Rapid Access Clinic group achieved this in 77%.ConclusionsOur project highlights the disjointed and delayed lung cancer care in our region and the improvements a dedicated rapid access clinic can have on diagnosis and treatment commencement timeframes.
A PI(4,5)P2‐derived “gasoline engine model” for the sustained B cell receptor activation
Authors: Xu Chenguang , Wan Zhengpeng , Shaheen Samina , Wang Jing , Yang Zhiyong , Liu Wanli 
Published: August 2019

AbstractTo efficiently initiate activation responses against rare ligands in the microenvironment, lymphocytes employ sophisticated mechanisms involving signaling amplification. Recently, a signaling amplification mechanism initiated from phosphatidylinositol (PI) 4, 5‐biphosphate [PI(4,5)P2] hydrolysis and synthesis for sustained B cell activation has been reported. Antigen and B cell receptor (BCR) recognition triggered the prompt reduction of PI(4,5)P2 density within the BCR microclusters, which led to the positive feedback for the synthesis of PI(4,5)P2 outside of the BCR microclusters. At single molecule level, the diffusion of PI(4,5)P2 was slow, allowing for the maintenance of a PI(4,5)P2 density gradient between the inside and outside of the BCR microclusters and the persistent supply of PI(4,5)P2 from outside to inside of the BCR microclusters. Here, we review studies that have contributed to uncovering the molecular mechanisms of PI(4,5)P2‐derived signaling amplification model. Based on these studies, we proposed a “gasoline engine model” in which the activation of B cell signaling inside the microclusters is similar to the working principle of burning gasoline within the engine chamber of a gasoline engine. We also discuss the evidences showing the potential universality of this model and future prospects.
Efficiency evaluation and ranking of supply chains based on stochastic multicriteria acceptability analysis and data envelopment analysis
Authors: Ang Sheng , Zhu Yunxia , Yang Feng 
Published: August 2019

AbstractEvaluating performance of supply chains has been an important topic in supply chain management for researchers and practitioners. In this study, we integrate stochastic multicriteria acceptability analysis (SMAA) technique and data envelopment analysis (DEA) methodology and propose a model, named “two‐stage SMAA‐DEA,” for efficiency evaluation and ranking of two‐stage supply chains (e.g., supplier–manufacturer) with stochastic criteria values. Two stochastic efficiency measures are defined for supply chain efficiency evaluation in the model. The maximum efficiency is the best efficiency score based on the optimistic criterion. The average efficiency is the expected efficiency score based on the average criterion. In addition, the model provides rank acceptability and holistic acceptability index for the supply chain ranking. The developed two‐stage SMAA‐DEA model has several advantages. First, it extends two‐stage DEA models to handle uncertain or imprecise inputs, intermediate measures, and outputs using stochastic distributions. Second, it allows for variable process weights and does not need any prior preference information on processes. Our study extends network DEA to address uncertain or stochastic measures, and the model can be considered as a multicriteria decision‐making method with a two‐stage additive DEA value function. An empirical study evaluating 27 supply chains is presented to illustrate the proposed models.
Effective ionic transport in AgI‐based Ge(Ga)–Sb–S chalcogenide glasses
Authors: Zhang Yeting , Jiao Qing , Ma Baochen , Zhang Xianghua , Liu Xueyun , Dai Shixun 
Published: August 2019

AbstractAgI‐based Ge–Sb–S, Ga–Sb–S, and Ge–Ga–Sb–S chalcogenide glasses were designed and prepared by melt‐quenching, thereafter their thermal properties and conductive performance were comparatively investigated on the basis of their composition‐induced network structures. Glass transition in each sample was examined by DSC measurements. Results showed that the samples containing Ge had a higher thermal stability than the Ga–Sb–S–AgI sample, and the Ge–Sb–S–AgI sample obtained had the highest conductivity ion. Raman spectrum analysis was performed, and the results indicated that the [GeS4‐xIx] structural units and [SbS3−xIx] pyramids in the matrix produced effective ion transport channel for dissolved conductive Ag+ ions. In the matrix containing Ga, the [Ga(Ge)S4‐xIx] structure was consumed by part of [S3Ga–GaS3] ethane‐like units, which had no contribution to the ion transition framework. The study provided the directions for composition and structure configuration control in effective conductive chalcogenide glasses.
Paving the way for children: Family firm succession and corporate philanthropy in China
Authors: He Wen , Yu Xin 
Published: August 2019

AbstractWe investigate whether internal succession in family firms motivates founders to engage in corporate philanthropy. We argue that founders who intend to pass control of the firm to their children are likely to prepare for the internal succession by building up family assets such as reputation and political connections through corporate philanthropy. Supporting our argument, we find that both the likelihood and the amount of philanthropic donations increase when listed family firms in China are in the internal succession process. The effect of successions on philanthropic donations is stronger for family firms that have political connections or are located in areas with stronger government influence in the local economy. The effect concentrates on family firms when heirs are young and inexperienced. When heirs are established, family firms actually make fewer philanthropic donations. Our results remain robust after addressing endogeneity issues.