bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
BINDING OF NATIVE PLASMINOGEN TO FIBRIN AND TO SOME FI BRINOGEN/FIBRIN DERIVATIVES
Authors: Zamarrón C 
Published: August 2018

In the fibrinolytic process: (a) fibrin provides a surface on which the major reactions of fibrinolysis occurs: the conversion of plasminogen to plasmin, the cleavage of fibrin by plasmin and the inhibition of plasmin by α2-antiplasmin, (b) some fibrinogen derivatives (e.g. the cyanogen bromide digested fibrinogen fragment denominated FCB-2) can exert stimulatory properties on the plasminogen activation and (c) the initial cleavage of fibrin by plasmin increases the rate conversion of plasminogen to plasmin.The purpose of the present work has been to correlate these three aspects of the fibrinolytic process with the binding of native plasminogen (Glu-Pg) to fibrin (Fn) , fibrinogen (Fg) and Fn/Fg derivatives.The Glu-Pg-Fg interaction, if exists, it is not detectable in equilibrium conditions by analytical centrifu gation. By using a solid-phase fibrin clot system (purified system) the Glu-Pg-Fn interaction gives the following dissociation constants: Kd=3.5×10−6 M and 1.2×10−5 m (unwashed and washed clots respectively). Being two the number of plasminogen binding sites per fibrin fibrin monomer. By activation with streptokinase or urokinase the amount of Pg required for an effective lysis of the fibrin clots is lower when the Pg is endogenous (inside the clot) versus exogenous (outside the clot).The binding of the isolated fragments of the cyanogen bromide digested fibrinogen to Glu-Pg was studied by affinity chromatography on Glu-Pg-Sepharose. The only fragment bound to Glu-Pg and eluted with 10 mM ε-amino caproic acid (ε;-ACA) was the fragment denominated FCB-2 The soluble fibrin monomer after 20 min plasmin digestion also binds to immobilized Glu-Pg and it is eluted with ε-ACA.Therefore, the binding of native plasminogen to fibrin and to some fibrinogen/fibrin derivatives is a determinant factor in the three aspects of the fibrinolytic process mencioned above.
ENDOGENOUS CIRCADIAN RHYTHM OF FIBRINOLYTIC PARAMETERS
Authors: Köhler M , Mivashita C , Friedl A , Littbarski S , Heiden M , Wenzel E 
Published: August 2018

Recently, the fibrinolytic system was shown to be dependent on complex interactions of several proteins for which specific test systems have been developed. We report on the results in placebo groups of two drug trials which strongly suggest an endogenous circadian rhythm of these parameters. In the first trial, 6 male subjects consecutively received either different heparins or placebo (group A). In a double blind placebo controlled trial, 10 male subjects received either DDAVP or placebo (group B). Blood was obtained before (7:30 a.m.), and 1, 2, 3, 4, 6, 9, 12 h and, only in group A, 15 and 24 h after the injection (8:00 a.m.). Euglobulin precipitate (EP) was prepared immediately after centrifugation. Fibrinolytic activity (FA) and t-PA activity were measured according to Astrup and Miillertz (1952) and Verheijen et al.(l982), respectively. t-PA antigen was measured using a kit from Biopool, Umea. t-PA-inhibitor (INH) was determined using a commercial kit from Kabivitrum and the method described by Chmielewska et al.(l983). Statistical analysis was performed using ANOVA (t-PA antigen) and Kruskal-Wal1is test.Results: In group A, t-PA antigen was significantly higher in the morning than in the evening. In contrast, t-PA activity and FA were low in the morning and gradually increased and reached maxima at 8 p.m. and 11 p.m., respectively. In group B, the same pattern was observed and all diurnal variations were statistically significant. Higher levels of t-PA-INH and t-PA-antigen were observed in the morning, and lower levels of t-PA and fibrinolytic activity. A reversed pattern was seen in the evening ( 8 p.m.). The two different methods for t-PA measurements showed the same variation^ although a c.lO-fold higher level was determined using the Kabivitrum test kit.
MONOCLONAL PURIFIED FACTOR VIII:C (MONOCLATE) TREATMENT IN A PREVIOUSLY UNTREATED HAEMOPHILIA
Authors: Parapia L , Minford A , Hamilton J B 
Published: August 2018

Monoclate is a new generation of Factor VIII concentrate produced by purification using mouse monoclonal anti-Factor VIII:R antibody. As the- Factor VIII:C does not interact with the antibody it can be eluted by disrupting the Factor VIII:C - Factor VIII:R complex using a high concentration of calcium ions. The eluted Factor VIII:C is concentrated and purified. The method of manufacture has demonstrated efficacy in the elimination of infectious viral particles.The first “virgin” haemophiliac to be treated by this has completed 20 weeks follow-up. The patient, a child of 18 months with a Factor VIII:C level of 2.8%, was treated with 190 × 4 units of the Factor VIII concentrate for a severe cut of the lower lip.The HIV status has remained negative. The AST and ALT enzymes have remained within normal limits. Other parameters which have remained normal are Gamma GT, WBC and lymphocyte counts, T cell subsets and B cell ratios.The patient has remained well and no side effects have been noted. Mouse antibody titres are being carried out and the results will be presented at the conference.
LOW MOLECULAR WEIGHT HEPARINS s ORAL ABSORPTION IN MONKEYS
Authors: Lasker S E , Lee B Y , Madden R E 
Published: August 2018

An orally administered low molecular weight heparin-like derivative of the commercial polydisperse polysaccharide is desirable clinically. The dissociation of antithrombotic properties and the induction of bleeding as well as minimal effect on platelet function are characteristics of some low-molecular weight heparins; however the circulating level of the anti Xa activity associated with demonstrable theraputic efficacy is not yet defined.The availability of a variety of low molecular weight heparins provided us with the opportunity to evaluate the gastrointestinal absorption characteristics of the preparations in the primate.Average molecular weight is only one of a spectrum of variables associated with absorbability, while Xa/APTT ratio differences and non-equivalent structural alterations may be responsible for functional differences in a living test system. Nevertheless, because of the clinical potential it is instructive to evaluate the GI absorbability of several preparations for which we have precise molecular weight data.Preparations: Low molecular weight heparins were prepared by a variety of methods including isolationby alcohol fractionation from broadly polydisperse commercial or crude heparins, depolymerization of commercial or crude heparin and franctionation of depolymerization products.Methods:Molecular weights were established by equilibrium ultracentrifugation and anti Xa activity was assayed by the Yin-Wessler coagulation method. Faste rhesus monkeys weighing 8-13 kg. were anesthestized and intubated with a radio opaque catheter. One cubic centimeter of a heparin preparation in saline was instilled directly into the duodenum. Blood samples assayed for anti Xa activity and thromboelasticity were drawn at periodic intervals from an indwelling femoral catheter.Results:Standard unfractionated heparin was detectable in blood only after one-half hour. The maximum activity for low molecular weight preparations was achieved after one-half to one hour.One fraction demonstrated activity in the plasma after four hours. Thedose response curve for one fraction at half-hour wascuyvilineal between 7 and 16 Mg/Kg.
PLATELET AGGREGATE-ASSOCIATED FIBRIN FORMATION AS A FUNCTION OF AGGREGATE SIZE AND HEPARIN CONCENTRATION
Authors: Wurzinger L J , Herbst K , Schmid-Schonbein H 
Published: August 2018

The in vitro observation that fibrin forms withina few minutes in the crevices and niches inside and on the surface of platelet aggregates (PA), preparedfrom heparinized (5 U/ml) blood is consistent with the doubtful efficiency of heparin in the treatment of occlusive arterial disease (Thrcmb. Haemost. 46:	666,1981). Release of heparin-
neutralizing proteins into limited and largely disclosed plasma compartments between aggregated platelets was held responsible for this remarkable phenomenon. However, the minimum number of aggregated platelets necessary to overcome the heparin inhibition remained undetermined then.PRP prepared from whole blood ant^coagulated with 0.5, 1 and 5 U/ml of mucosal heparin (Liquemin ), was aggregated with 10 or 100 pM ADP for 2 min at 37°C. Single PAs of various dimensions were withdrawn, washed, and incubated with a chromogenic substrate (S-2238, Kabi AB) to measure their thrombin content. Subsequently the number of platelets contained in the PA was evaluated by assaying the protein content of the aggregates. Microscopic PAs, their mass being toosmall to be determined precisely by a protein assay, were isolated with a filter technique, their extension was documented on photomicrographs for later calculation of aggregate volume and platelet content, before they were incubated with S-2238. Aggregates toosmall to develop detectable amidolytic activity, were checked microscopically for fibrin formed.S 2238 amidolytic activity (thrombin) in heparinizedPRP samples evolved as a linear function of the logarithm of PA mass. For a given heparin concentration (in whole blood) the following lowerthreshold platelet numbers of aggregates were found sufficient to allow the formation of detectable quantities of thrombin:These results suggest a fatal role platelet aggregates of minute dimensions may well play as a nidus of coagulation in fully heparinized blood.
COMPARISON OF THE EFFECT OF ASPIRIN (ASA) AND CHOLINE MAGNESIUM TRISALICYLATE (CMT) ON PLATELET AGGREGATION IN WHOLE BLOOD EX-VIVO
Authors: Danesh B J Z , Saniabadi A R , Russell R I , Lowe G D O , Forbes C D 
Published: August 2018

Suppression of platelet aggregation by ASA limits the therapeutic use of this drug as an analgesic in patients with bleeding tendencies. CMT is a non-acetylated salicylate derivative with analgesic and anti-inflammatory effect similar to that of ASA. We compared platelet aggregation in human whole blood ex-vivo, three hours after ingestion of ASA and. CMT. Using a whole blood platelet counter, platelet aggregation was quantified by measuring the fall in the number of single platelets at peak aggregation in response to collagen (lμg/ml) arachidonic acid (AA, 0.5 mM) as well as spontaneous aggregation. In double blind and random order, 12 healthy volunteers received a single oral dose of ASA and CMT containing 500 mg equivalent salicylate, on two separate occasions, 10 days apart. Despite a comparable absorption of salicylic acid from the two drugs, ingestion of ASA resulted in a marked inhibition of platelet aggregation induced by collagen, AA and spontaneous aggregation, whereas such effects were not observed after CMT ingestion.We suggest that CMT may have therapeutic potential as an alternative to aspirin when inhibition of platelet aggregation can induce bleeding complications.
NORMAL URINARY PROSTAGLANDIN E2 EXCRETION IN THE PATIENT WITH PLATELET CYCLO-OXYGENASE DEFICIENCY
Authors: Takeshige T , Fuse I , Hattori I , Momotsu T , Shibata A , Abe K 
Published: August 2018

Platelet (P) Cyclo-oxygenase (CO) deficiency is characterized by bleeding tendency due to platelet release mechanism defect. Pareti et al. have reported a patient with PCO deficiency whose CO activity was defective not only in platelets but also in vessel walls. But it has not been demonstrated whether other cells than platelets do have this enzyme in other.patients with PCO deficiency. Recent data suggest taht hemorrhagic or thrombotic diathesis is dependent on the site(s) (platelet, vessel wall or others) or CO deficiency. In order to determine the CO activity in kidney in a patient with PCO deficiency (Scand. J. Haematol., 32; 167 – 174, 1984), We studied the urinary PGE2 excretion and renal function at basal state and before and after intravenous administration of angiotensin II (ANG II). Before ANG II infusion to the patient, 600 ml H20 was orally intaked, and then AGN II (5, 10, 18 ng/min. each dose for 10 min.) was infused intravenously. Urine samples were collected before (20 min.) AGN II infusion. Urinary PGE2 was measured by RIA. Urine osmorality was determined by Fiske osmometer. To measure basal daily excretion of urinary PGE2, daily total urine was collected into ice box for 2 days, and then stocked at −80°C until PGE2 measurement by RIA.A reduction of Uosm following the intravenous infusion of ANG II to normal humans has been reported by Usberti et al. (Am. J. Physiol. 248; 254-259, 1985), atK] aiso reported that Uosm increased after aspirin administration.It was concluded that CO activity in thd kidney of this patient was no al least defective, but endogenous PGE2 synthesis stumulated by ANG II ma
be decreased.
Access and Disclosure of Personal Health Information: A Challenging Privacy Landscape in 2016-2018
Authors: Kloss Linda , Brodnik Melanie , Rinehart-Thompson Laurie 
Published: August 2018

Objectives: To assess the current health data access and disclosure environment for potential privacy-protecting mechanisms that enable legitimate use of personal health information while preserving the rights of individuals. To identify the gaps and challenges between increasing requests and expanding uses of such information and the regulations, technologies, and management practices that permit appropriate access and disclosure while guarding against harmful misuse of such information.
Methods: A scoping literature review focused on (1) regulations affecting access and disclosure of personal health information, (2) the uses of health information that challenge access and disclosure boundaries, and (3) privacy management practices that may help mitigate gaps in protecting patient privacy.
Results: Countries and jurisdictions are developing laws, regulations, and public policies to balance the privacy rights of individuals and the unprecedented opportunities to advance health and health care through expanded uses of health data. Regulations and guidance are evolving, but they are outpaced by the increasing demand for and the challenges of managing access and disclosure. Mechanisms such as consent and authorization may not always be adequate. Mechanisms that advance principled stewardship are more important than ever.
Conclusions: Access and disclosure management are important dimensions of privacy management practices. This is a volatile period in which diverging public policies may reveal how best to balance access and disclosure of personal health information by individuals and by institutional custodians of the information. Approaches to access and disclosure management, including the roles of individuals, should be a focus for research and study in the years ahead.
Findings from 2017 on Health Information Management
Authors: Bloomrosen Meryl , Berner Eta ,   Section Editors for the IMIA Yearbook Section on Health Information Management
Published: August 2018

Objective: To summarize the recent literature and research and present a selection of the best papers published in 2017 in the field of Health Information Management (HIM) and Health Informatics.
Methods: A systematic review of the literature was performed by the two HIM section editors of the International Medical Informatics Association (IMIA) Yearbook with the help of a medical librarian. We searched bibliographic databases for HIM-related papers using both MeSH descriptors and keywords in titles and abstracts. A shortlist of 15 candidate best papers was first selected by section editors before being peer-reviewed by independent external reviewers.
Results: Health Information Exchange was a major theme within candidate best papers. The four papers ultimately selected as ‘Best Papers’ represent themes that include health information exchange, governance and policy issues, results of health information exchange, and methods of integrating information from multiple sources. Other articles within the candidate best papers include these themes as well as those focusing on authentication and de-identification and usability of information systems.
Conclusions: The papers discussed in the HIM section of IMIA Yearbook reflect the overall theme of the 2018 edition of the Yearbook, i.e., the tension between privacy and access to information. While most of the papers focused on health information exchange, which reflects the “access” side of the equation, most of the others addressed privacy issues. This synopsis discusses these key issues at the intersection of HIM and informatics.
Findings from the 2018 Yearbook Section on Human Factors and Organizational Issues
Authors: Pelayo Sylvia , Kaipio Johanna ,   Section Editors for the IMIA Yearbook Section on Human Factors and Organizational Issues
Published: August 2018

Objective: To summarize significant research contributions published in 2017 on Human Factors and Organizational Issues (HFOI) in medical informatics.
Methods: An extensive search using PubMed/Medline and Web of Science® was conducted to identify the scientific contributions published in 2017 that HFOI issues in medical informatics. The selection process comprised three steps: (i) 15 candidate best papers out of 695 references were first selected by the two section editors, (ii) external reviewers from internationally renowned research teams reviewed each candidate best paper, and (iii) the final selection of five best papers was conducted by the editorial board of the Yearbook.
Results: The five best papers offer a glimpse of the quality and breadth of the work being conducted in the HFOI community.
Conclusion: The selection of the HFOI section of the 2018 IMIA Yearbook highlights a growing number of high quality studies. There are especially more studies interested in testing Human Factors and Ergonomics methods and demonstrating the benefits.
Recent Advancement of Clinical Information Systems: Opportunities and Challenges
Authors: Islam Md. Mohaimenul , Poly Tahmina Nasrin , Li Yu-Chuan 
Published: August 2018

Objectives: Clinical information systems (CISs) have generated opportunities for meaningful improvements both in patient care and workflow but there is still a long way to perfection. Healthcare providers are still facing challenges of data exchange, management, and integration due to lack of functionality among these systems. Our objective here is to systematically review, synthesize, and summarize the literature that describes the current stage of clinical information systems, so as to assess the current state of knowledge, and identify benefits and challenges.
Methods: PubMed, EMBASE, and the bibliographies of articles were searched for studies published until September 1, 2017, which reported on significant advancement of clinical information systems, as well as problems and opportunities in this field. Studies providing the most detailed information were included and the others were kept only as references.
Results: We selected 23 papers out of 1,026 unique abstracts for full-text review using our selection criteria, and 20 out of these 23 studies met all of our inclusion criteria. We focused on three major areas: 1) Ambulatory and inpatients clinical information systems; 2) Specialty information systems; and 3) Ancillary information systems. As CIS can support evidence-based practices that, in turn, improve patient's safety, quality and efficacy of care, advancement, acceptability, and adaptability of CIS have increased worldwide. Although, the demand for CIS functionality is rising fast, current CISs still have data integration challenges and lack of functionality to exchange patient information from all or some parts of the healthcare system. These limitations can be attributed to technical, human, and organizational factors
Conclusion: Clinical information systems provide tremendous opportunities to reduce clinical errors such as medication errors and diagnostic errors and to support healthcare professionals by offering up-to-date patient information. They promise to improve workflow and efficiency of care, thus boosting the overall quality of healthcare.
On the Way to Close the Loop in Information Logistics: Data from the Patient — Value for the Patient
Authors: Hackl Werner , Hoerbst Alexander ,   Section Editors for the IMIA Yearbook Section on Clinical Information Systems
Published: August 2018

Objective: To summarize recent research and to propose a selection of best papers published in 2017 in the field of Clinical Information Systems (CIS).
Method: Each year a systematic process is carried out to retrieve articles and to select a set of best papers for the CIS section of the International Medical Informatics Association (IMIA) Yearbook of Medical Informatics. The query aiming at identifying relevant publications in the field of CIS was refined by the section editors during the last years. For three years now, the query is stable. It comprises search terms from the Medical Subject Headings (MeSH) thesaurus as well as additional free text search terms from PubMed and Web of Science®. The retrieved articles were categorized in a multi-pass review carried out by the two section editors. The final selection of candidate papers was then peer-reviewed by Yearbook editors and external reviewers. Based on the review results, the best papers were then selected by the IMIA Yearbook editorial board. Text mining, and term co-occurrence mapping techniques were used to get an overview on the content of the retrieved articles.
Results: The query was carried out in mid-January 2018, yielding a consolidated result set of 2,255 articles which had been published in 939 different journals. Out of them, 15 papers were nominated as candidate best papers and four of them were finally selected as best papers in the CIS section. Again, the content analysis of the articles revealed the broad spectrum of topics which is covered by CIS research.
Conclusions: Modern clinical information systems serve as backbone for a very complex, trans-institutional information logistics process. Data that is produced by, documented in, shared via, organized in, presented by, and stored within clinical information systems is more and more reused for multiple purposes. We found a lot of examples showing the benefits of such data reuse with various novel approaches implemented to tackle the challenges of this process. We also found that the patient moves in the focus of interest of CIS research. So the loop of information logistics begins to close: data from the patients is used to produce value for the patients.
As Ontologies Reach Maturity, Artificial Intelligence Starts Being Fully Efficient: Findings from the Section on Knowledge Representation and Management for the Yearbook 2018
Authors: Dhombres Ferdinand , Charlet Jean ,   Section Editors for the IMIA Yearbook Section on Knowledge Representation and Management
Published: August 2018

Objectives: To select, present, and summarize the best papers published in 2017 in the field of Knowledge Representation and Management (KRM).
Methods: A comprehensive and standardized review of the medical informatics literature was performed to select the most interesting papers of KRM published in 2017, based on a PubMed query.
Results: In direct line with the research on data integration presented in the KRM section of the 2017 edition of the International Medical Informatics Association (IMIA) Yearbook, the five best papers for 2018 demonstrate even further the added-value of ontology-based integration approaches for phenotype-genotype association mining. Additionally, among the 15 preselected papers, two aspects of KRM are in the spotlight: the design of knowledge bases and new challenges in using ontologies.
Conclusions: Ontologies are demonstrating their maturity to integrate medical data and begin to support clinical practices. New challenges have emerged: the query on distributed semantically annotated datasets, the efficiency of semantic annotation processes, the semantic representation of large textual datasets, the control of biases associated with semantic annotations, and the computation of Bayesian indicators on data annotated with ontologies.