bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Correlation between glass transition temperature and the width of the glass transition interval
Authors: Schmelzer Jürn W. P. , Tropin Timur V. , Fokin Vladimir M. , Zhang Rui , Abdelaziz Amir , Chua Yeong Zen , Madhavi Vadlamudi , Shaffer Tim D. , Schick Christoph 
Published: May 2019

AbstractThe glass transition is a kinetic phenomenon. Its basic characteristics—the glass transition temperature, Tg, and the width, δTg, of the glass transition interval—depend significantly on cooling and heating rates as it is observed experimentally by standard DSC and fast scanning calorimetry. The knowledge of these and related correlations is of outstanding importance both for a theoretical understanding of vitrification and devitrification processes and their control in a variety of technological applications. By these reasons, general kinetic criteria of vitrification and, based on them, theoretical expressions for the glass transition temperature and the width of the glass transition range in dependence on rates of change of temperature have been derived in previous papers. These results are advanced here by establishing a direct correlation between these two quantities, Tg and δTg. The ratio δTg/Tg is shown, for arbitrary cooling and heating rates, to be a function of an appropriately defined index being a straightforward generalization of the definition introduced by Angell. The theoretical results are tested and confirmed by experiment. The methods employed here can be utilized generally for the description of vitrification caused also by a variation of other external control parameters like pressure.
Timeline of heparin‐induced thrombocytopenia seroconversion in serial plasma samples tested using an automated latex immunoturbidimetric assay
Authors: Warkentin Theodore E. , Sheppard Jo‐Ann I. , Smith James W. , Arnold Donald M. , Nazy Ishac 
Published: May 2019

AbstractIntroductionHIT is caused by platelet‐activating IgG that recognize multimolecular PF4/heparin complexes. HIT antibodies are generally detectable by PF4‐dependent enzyme immunoassay (EIA) and by platelet serotonin‐release assay (SRA) at the beginning of the HIT‐related platelet count fall. We determined whether an automated immunoassay for HIT, the latex immunoturbidimetric assay (LIA), also detects antibodies early during the course of HIT. The LIA was also used to evaluate a patient with putative SRA‐negative HIT.MethodsWe evaluated the timing and magnitude of LIA reactivity in serial plasma samples obtained from 19 SRA‐positive patients (17 with abnormal platelet count changes indicating HIT; two with subclinical seroconversion) and one putative SRA‐negative HIT patient, all obtained from patients who participated in a clinical trial of heparin thromboprophylaxis. We determined LIA status at the onset of the HIT‐related platelet count fall.ResultsThe LIA was positive in all 19 SRA‐positive patients (median value, 7.3 U/mL [range, 1.2‐35.5]; cutoff, 1.0 U/mL); for all 13 evaluable patients for whom an informative plasma sample was available at (or shortly before) the onset of the HIT‐related platelet count fall, LIA reactivity was positive. Heterogeneity in seroconversion using the LIA was observed; some patients exhibited gradual increases in reactivity, whereas other patients showed rapid increase in reactivity over a few days. The single clinical trial patient who met clinical‐pathological criteria for “SRA‐negative HIT” tested LIA‐positive.ConclusionThe LIA detects HIT antibodies at the beginning of the HIT‐associated platelet count fall. The LIA was also positive in a patient with SRA‐negative HIT.
The effect of immediate implant placement on alveolar ridge preservation compared to spontaneous healing after tooth extraction: Radiographic results of a randomized controlled clinical trial
Authors: Clementini Marco , Agostinelli Agnese , Castelluzzo Walter , Cugnata Federica , Vignoletti Fabio , De Sanctis Massimo 
Published: May 2019

AbstractAimTo radiographically evaluate the effect of immediate implant placement plus alveolar ridge preservation (ARP) with a deproteneized bovine bone mineral and a collagen matrix (IMPL/DBBM/CM) as compared to ARP (DBBM/CM) or spontaneous healing (SH) on vertical and horizontal bone dimensional changes after 4 months of healing.Materials and methodsThirty patients requiring extraction of one single‐rooted tooth or premolar were randomly assigned to IMPL/DBBM/CM, ARP DBBM/CM or SH. Cone‐beam computed tomography (CBCT) scans, performed before tooth extraction and after 4 months, were superimposed in order to assess changes in ridge height at the buccal and lingual aspect and in ridge width at 1 mm, 3 mm and 5 mm apical to the bone crest. Kruskal–Wallis test was applied for comparison of differences between groups.ResultsNo statistically significant differences between the groups were observed for the vertical bone resorption of the buccal and the lingual side, while significant differences were found between SH group (−3.37 ± 1.55 mm; −43.2 ± 25.1%) and both DBBM/CM (−1.56 ± 0.76 mm; −19.2 ± 9.1%) and IMPL/DBBM/CM (−1.29 ± 0.38 mm; −14.9 ± 4.9%) groups in the horizontal dimension at the most coronal aspect.ConclusionRidge preservation techniques using DBBM and CM reduce the horizontal bone morphological changes that occur, mostly in the coronal portion of the buccal bone plate following tooth extraction, when compared to spontaneous healing. This is true regardless of whether immediate implant placement is performed or not.
Effects of floral resources on the efficacy of a primary parasitoid and a facultative hyperparasitoid
Authors: Miall Jacob H. , Abram Paul K. , Cappuccino Naomi , Mason Peter G. 
Published: May 2019

AbstractResources added to agroecosystems to enhance biological control are potentially available to multiple members of the resident insect community—not only the biological control agents for which the resources are intended. Many studies have examined the effects of sugar feeding on the efficacy of biological control agents. However, such information is lacking for other, interacting species such as facultative hyperparasitoids, which may contribute to pest suppression but can also interfere with introduced biological control agents. Under greenhouse conditions, we tested the direct effects of sugar and nectar provisioning on the longevity, host‐killing impact and offspring production of two pupal parasitoids associated with leek moth, Acrolepiopsis assectella: the introduced biological control agent, Diadromus pulchellus, and the native facultative hyperparasitoid, Conura albifrons. Adding sucrose, buckwheat or a combination of buckwheat and common vetch to a sugar‐deprived system (potted leek plants in cages) increased parasitoid longevity and resulted in higher leek moth parasitism and mortality compared to water or common vetch treatments. However, the two parasitoid species exhibited a distinct temporal response to the treatments, likely influenced by differences in their life histories. This study provides insight into how integrating conservation biological control techniques could affect the success of a classical biological control programme.
Antecedents of the international association for accounting education and research (1966–1983): A review of early initiatives to develop an international academic accounting association
Authors: Clarke Frank , Dean Graeme , Persson Martin 
Published: May 2019

AbstractInterest in this topic followed examination of new data discussing several antecedent proposals for establishing an international academic accounting association in the period 1966–1983, culminating in the 1984 formation of the International Association for Accounting Education and Research (IAAER). Relevant correspondence between several academics is now publicly available in the R.J. Chambers Archive at the University of Sydney. This enables justified statements to be made about the pre‐1984 antecedents of the IAAER, thereby filling a vacuum in our understanding of the history of the organization. We initially discuss Ray Chambers’ and others’ desire for, and attempts to promote an international approach to accounting research and practice. Chambers unsuccessfully attempted to organize an international think‐tank, beginning in the mid‐1960s with something like the International Economic Association of that time. He persisted, through participation in the Accounting Researchers International Association, an elite accounting society. Eventually, those proposals were discarded as he and others like Adolf Enthoven and David Solomons proposed an international confederation of accounting educators and researchers in 1977 and 1978. Efforts of other leading accounting academics of that time, in particular Norlin Rueschhoff and Seigo Nakajima, are also shown to have influenced the eventual formation of the simplified 1984 IAAER body with, initially, its individual‐based membership and objectives. Later, IAAER would become much more like the international confederation of accounting educators and researchers that Chambers had proposed in the 1997 Berlin International Conference on Accounting Education.
ERαΔ4, an ERα splice variant missing exon4, interacts with caveolin‐3 and mGluR2/3
Authors: Wong Angela M. , Scott Alexandra K. , Johnson Caroline S. , Mohr Margaret A. , Mittelman‐Smith Melinda , Micevych Paul E. 
Published: May 2019

AbstractThe two isoforms of the nuclear estrogen receptor, ERα and ERβ are widely expressed in the central nervous system. Although they were first described as nuclear receptors, both isoforms have also been found at the cell membrane where they mediate cell signaling. Surface biotinylation studies using neuronal and glial primary cultures label an alternatively spliced form of ERα. The 52 kDa protein, ERαΔ4, is missing exon 4 and is highly expressed in membrane fractions derived from cultured cells. In vivo, both full‐length (66 kDa) ERα and ERαΔ4 are present in membrane fractions. In response to estradiol, full‐length ERα and ERαΔ4 are initially trafficked to the membrane, and then internalized in parallel. Previous studies determined that only the full‐length ERα associates with metabotropic glutamate receptor‐1a (mGluR1a), initiating cellular signaling. The role of ERαΔ4, remained to be elucidated. Here, we report ERαΔ4 trafficking, association with mGluR2/3, and downstream signaling in female rat arcuate nucleus (ARH). Caveolin (CAV) proteins are needed for ER transport to the cell membrane, and using co‐immunoprecipitation CAV‐3 was shown to associate with ERαΔ4. CAV‐3 was necessary for ERαΔ4 trafficking to the membrane: in the ARH, microinjection of CAV‐3 siRNA reduced CAV‐3 and ERαΔ4a in membrane fractions by 50%, and 60%, respectively. Moreover, co‐immunoprecipitation revealed that ERαΔ4 associated with inhibitory mGluRs, mGluR2/3. Estrogen benzoate (EB) treatment (5 μg; s.c.; every 4 days; three cycles) reduced levels of cAMP, an effect attenuated by antagonizing mGluR2/3. Following EB treatment, membrane levels of ERαΔ4 and mGluR2/3 were reduced implying ligand‐induced internalization. These results implicate ERαΔ4 in an estradiol‐induced inhibitory cell signaling in the ARH.
Innovative techniques for thread lifting of face and neck
Authors: Rezaee Khiabanloo Samad , Jebreili Rogieh , Aalipour Ezatollah , Eftekhari Hojat , Saljoughi Nazi , Shahidi Arian 
Published: May 2019

AbstractBackgroundTo investigate the efficacy and outcomes associated with eyebrow, midface, mandibular, and neck lifting using the innovative techniques.Materials and MethodsIn this prospective review chart study, a total of 151 patients, were included in the study from January 2016 to May 2017. All participants underwent thread lifting using our innovative thread‐lift technique for head and neck. The patients were followed up first week, first, third, and sixth month after lifting surgery. Outcomes were assessed by two surgeon and patients based on the GAIS score. All data were analyzed by SPSS‐17 software with chi‐square test.ResultsA total of 151 patients (mean age: 52.49 ± 10.67, range: 27‐78 years), 16 (10.6%) men and 135 (89.4%) women, were included in the study. The most common sites for the face‐lifting surgery were the mandible (49.7%), midface (37.1%), neck (7.9%), and eyebrow (5.3%), respectively. The level of satisfaction increased from 77.5% in the first week after surgery to 89.4% in the sixth month after surgery for patients, remained unchanged, 96% for the surgeon, and increased from 74.8% to 94.7% for the independent surgeon. The highest rate of potential complications after the lifting surgery was related to ecchymosis (23.2%), followed by complications of tumefaction (6.6%), pain (6.6%), and pain (5.2%).ConclusionThe results showed that the level satisfaction of patients and surgeons increased over time. It seems that facial rejuvenation thread lifting with this innovative technique is effectiveness, safe, and cosmetically more acceptance with minor complications than other face‐lifting techniques.
First‐ever HSV‐1 recurrence following superficial facial chemical peel after 30‐year latency following neonatal primary infection
Authors: Johnson Nathan 
Published: May 2019

AbstractRecurrence of orofacial herpes simplex infection is a well‐known potential complication of chemical peeling procedures. Risk of reactivation is believed to correlate with depth of peel, leading to the recommendation that all patients with history of primary orofacial herpes simplex infection or recurrent herpes labialis receive prophylactic antivirals prior to and after undergoing medium and deep peels. The following is a case of herpes labialis following a very superficial peeling procedure in an otherwise healthy 30‐year‐old male after primary infection as a neonate with no history of herpes simplex recurrence in the intervening 30 years. This case highlights the importance of history‐taking and consideration of prophylactic antivirals in peels of all depths in patients with any history of primary infection, regardless of length of disease free period.
Anti-inflammatory and antitumour activity of various extracts and compounds from the fruits of Piper longum L.
Authors: Guo Ziyan , Xu Jie , Xia Jianhua , Wu Zi , Lei Jiachuan , Yu Jianqing 
Published: May 2019

Abstract

Objectives
To explore effective extraction method and to find active constituents, we investigated the biological activity of three extracts and isolated active compounds from the fruits of Piper longum L.

Methods
Three extracts from the fruits were obtained by reflux, ultrasonic and supercritical fluid extraction, respectively. Active compounds were isolated by the bioassay-guided method. The anti-inflammatory activity, antiproliferation activity and cytotoxicity were evaluated. The apoptosis was detected by Hoechst 33258 staining assay. The relevant proteins were investigated by Western blot assay.

Key findings
The anti-inflammatory activity and cytotoxicity of supercritical fluid extract (SE) were stronger than those of the other two extracts. Among all isolated compounds, the anti-inflammatory activity of eight compounds was stronger than that of indomethacin, and compounds 8, 9, 11, 14 and 15 were found to possess anti-inflammatory effect for the first time. Compounds 1, 2, 3 and 14 exhibited significant cytotoxicity against cancer cells. SE and piperine were found to reduce colony formation, inhibit cell migration and promote apoptosis through increasing cleaved PARP and the ratio of Bax/Bcl-2.

Conclusions
The anti-inflammatory and antitumour effects of SE were better than those of the other two extracts. The compounds responsible for the activity were elucidated. SE and piperine inhibit cell growth through apoptosis.
Melatonin alleviates cognition impairment by antagonizing brain insulin resistance in aged rats fed a high‐fat diet
Authors: Xu Jiqu , Gao Hui , Zhang Li , Rong Shuang , Yang Wei , Ma Congcong , Chen Meng , Huang Qingde , Deng Qianchun , Huang Fenghong 
Published: May 2019

AbstractBrain insulin resistance, induced by neuroinflammation and oxidative stress, contributes to neurodegeneration, that is, processes that are associated with Aβ accumulation and TAU hyperphosphorylation. Here, we tested the effect of chronic administration of melatonin (MLT) on brain insulin resistance and cognition deficits caused by a high‐fat diet (HFD) in aged rats. Results showed that MLT supplementation attenuated peripheral insulin resistance and lowered hippocampal oxidative stress levels. Activated microglia and astrocytes and hippocampal levels of TNF‐α in HFD‐fed rats were reduced by MLT treatment. Melatonin also prevented HFD‐induced increases in beta‐amyloid (Aβ) accumulation and TAU phosphorylation in the hippocampus. In addition, impairments of brain insulin signaling elicited by long‐term HFD were restored by MLT treatment, as confirmed by ex vivo insulin stimulation. Importantly, MLT reversed HFD‐induced cognitive decline as measured by a water maze test, normalized hippocampal LTP and restored CREB activity and BDNF levels as well as cholinergic neuronal activity in the hippocampus. Collectively, these findings indicate that MLT may exhibit substantial protective effects on cognition, via restoration of brain insulin signaling.
Physical characteristics of gastrointestinal content of llama (Lama glama)
Authors: Idalan Nadine , Martin Louise F. , Clauss Marcus 
Published: May 2019

AbstractChanges in digesta dry matter (DM) and mean digesta particle size (MPS) along the gastrointestinal tract are well known in ruminants, but not in camelids. We collected digesta from the dorsal (d) and ventral (v) first forestomach compartment (C1), the second forestomach compartment (C2), three proximal segments and the subsequent glandular part of the third compartment (C3A‐D), the caecum and the faeces twelve llamas (Lama glama). DM analysis indicates the presence of digesta stratification in the C1, the presence of fluid in the C2 to facilitate the sorting function of this compartment, the fluid‐absorbing function of the proximal parts of the C3, the secretion of enzymes and digestive acids in the C3D, and the water‐resorbing function of the lower intestinal tract. These findings illustrate the functional resemblance between the gastrointestinal tract of camelids and cattle‐like ruminants (C1 equivalent to the rumen with stratified contents, C2 to the reticulum, C3A/B/C to the omasum and C3D to the abomasum). MPS analysis revealed a progressive reduction in MPS from the C1 to the distal C3. This gradual transition is different from the clear‐cut threshold in ruminants between the reticulum and the omasum and had so far only been described in dromedaries (Camelus dromedarius). These findings indicate that regardless of the convergent property of rumination and resemblance of general mechanisms involved in contents stratification and particle sorting, differences between ruminants and camelids exist that could be interpreted as a more efficient functionality of the ruminant forestomach.
Ecophysiological differences between vesicomyid species and metabolic capabilities of their symbionts influence distribution patterns of the deep‐sea clams
Authors: Cruaud Perrine , Decker Carole , Olu Karine , Arnaud‐Haond Sophie , Papot Claire , Le Baut Jocelyn , Vigneron Adrien , Khripounoff Alexis , Gayet Nicolas , Cathalot Cécile , Caprais Jean‐Claude , Pignet Patricia , Godfroy Anne , Cambon‐Bonavita Marie‐Anne 
Published: May 2019

AbstractThis study provides an analysis of vesicomyid bivalve–symbiont community distribution across cold seep and hydrothermal vent areas in the Guaymas Basin (Gulf of California, Mexico). Using a combination of morphological and molecular approaches including fluorescent in situ hybridization (FISH), and electronic microscopy observations, vesicomyid clam species and their associated symbionts were characterized and results were analyzed in light of geochemical conditions and other on‐site observations. A greater diversity of vesicomyids was found at cold seep areas, where three different species were present (Phreagena soyoae [syn. kilmeri], Archivesica gigas, and Calyptogena pacifica). In contrast, A. gigas was the only species sampled across the hydrothermal vent area. The same haplotype of A. gigas was found in both hydrothermal vent and cold seep areas, highlighting possible contemporary exchanges among neighboring vents and seeps. In either ecosystem, molecular characterization of the symbionts confirmed the specificity between symbionts and hosts and supported the hypothesis of a predominantly vertical transmission. In addition, patterns of clams could reflect potential niche preferences for each species. The occurrence of numerous traces of vesicomyid movements on sediments in the sites colonized by A. gigas seemed to indicate that this species might have a better ability to move. Furthermore, variation in gill sulfur content could reveal a higher plasticity and sulfur storage capacity in A. gigas. Thus, the distribution of vesicomyid species across the chemosynthetic areas of the Guaymas Basin could be explained by differences in biological traits of the vesicomyid species that would allow A. gigas to more easily exploit transient and punctual sources of available sulfide than P. soyoae.
Spatiotemporal dynamics of red blood cells in capillaries in layer I of the cerebral cortex and changes in arterial diameter during cortical spreading depression and response to hypercapnia in anesthetized mice
Authors: Unekawa Miyuki , Tomita Yutaka , Toriumi Haruki , Osada Takashi , Masamoto Kazuto , Kawaguchi Hiroshi , Izawa Yoshikane , Itoh Yoshiaki , Kanno Iwao , Suzuki Norihiro , Nakahara Jin 
Published: May 2019

AbstractObjectiveControl of red blood cell velocity in capillaries is essential to meet local neuronal metabolic requirements, although changes of capillary diameter are limited. To further understand the microcirculatory response during cortical spreading depression, we analyzed the spatiotemporal changes of red blood cell velocity in intraparenchymal capillaries.MethodsIn urethane‐anesthetized Tie2‐green fluorescent protein transgenic mice, the velocity of fluorescence‐labeled red blood cells flowing in capillaries in layer I of the cerebral cortex was automatically measured with our Matlab domain software (KEIO‐IS2) in sequential images obtained with a high‐speed camera laser‐scanning confocal fluorescence microscope system.ResultsCortical spreading depression repeatedly increased the red blood cell velocity prior to arterial constriction/dilation. During the first cortical spreading depression, red blood cell velocity significantly decreased, and sluggishly moving or retrograde‐moving red blood cells were observed, concomitantly with marked arterial constriction. The velocity subsequently returned to around the basal level, while oligemia after cortical spreading depression with slight vasoconstriction remained. After several passages of cortical spreading depression, hypercapnia‐induced increase of red blood cell velocity, regional cerebral blood flow and arterial diameter were all significantly reduced, and the correlations among them became extremely weak.ConclusionsTaken together with our previous findings, these simultaneous measurements of red blood cell velocity in multiple capillaries, arterial diameter and regional cerebral blood flow support the idea that red blood cell flow might be altered independently, at least in part, from arterial regulation, that neuro‐capillary coupling plays a role in rapidly meeting local neural demand.