bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Enological Qualities and Interactions Between Native Yeast and Lactic Acid Bacteria from Queretaro, Mexico
Authors: Miranda‐Castilleja Dalia E. , Martínez‐Peniche Ramón Á. , Nadal Roquet‐Jalmar Montserrat , Aldrete‐Tapia J. Alejandro , Arvizu‐Medrano Sofía M. 
Published: June 2018

AbstractDespite the importance of strain compatibility, most of the enological strain selection studies are carried out separately on yeasts and lactic acid bacteria (LAB). In this study, the enological traits and interactions between native yeasts and LAB were studied. The H2S and acetic acid production, growth rates at 8 °C, killer phenotypes, flocculation, and tolerance to must and wine inhibitors were determined for 25 Saccharomyces yeasts. The ability to grow under two wine‐like conditions was also determined in 37 LAB (Oenococcus oeni and Lactobacillus plantarum). The yeast–LAB compatibility of selected strains was tested in a sequential scheme. Finally, microvinification trials were performed using two strains from each group to determine the efficiencies and quality parameters. The phenotypic characterization by the K‐means and hierarchical clusters indicated a correlation between flocculation and optical density increase in simulated must and wine medium (r = −0.415) and grouped the prominent yeasts SR19, SR26, and N05 as moderately flocculent, killer, acid producing, and highly tolerant strains. Among the LAB, L. plantarum FU39 grew 230% more than the rest. With regard to interactions, LAB growth stimulation (14‐fold on average) due to the previous action of yeasts, particularly of SR19, was observed. The final quality of all wines was similar, but yeast SR19 performed a faster and more efficient fermentation than did N05, Also L. plantarum FU39 fermented faster than did O. oeni VC32. The use of quantitative data, and multivariate analyses allowed an integrative approach to the selection of a compatible and efficient pair of enological yeast–LAB strains.Practical ApplicationAn alternative scheme is proposed for the joint selection of yeast and lactic acid bacteria strains, which allows us to foresee the interactions that may occur between them during winemaking. The kinetic parameters, turbidimetrically measured and analyzed by multivariate methods, simplify the detection of outstanding selectable microorganisms. This methodology can be implemented at any cellar or even any fermentative industry that aims to select compatible yeast and lactic acid bacteria.
Are Processed Bilberry Products a Good Source of Phenolics?
Authors: Zorenc Zala , Veberic Robert , Mikulic‐Petkovsek Maja 
Published: June 2018

AbstractBilberries are processed into different food products and beverages. Therefore, we studied how various bilberry items (puree, infusion, liqueur, and fresh and pasteurized juices) differ in secondary metabolites as compared to the fresh fruit. For this purpose, we identified phenolics with a liquid chromatography‐mass spectrophotometry (LC‐MS) system and compared phenolic profiles and phenolic contents in various bilberry products prepared from the same raw material. Our results show that processing significantly affected the biochemical pattern and levels of phenolics. Total analyzed phenolics decreased with processing, mostly due to anthocyanins, which had the highest share in phenolic profile of all bilberry‐based products. The highest differences among products in flavanol (63.7‐fold), followed by flavonol contents (26.3‐fold). Fresh fruits had the highest content of total anthocyanins (5,190 mg/100 g dry weight [DW]), followed by puree (2,719 mg/100 g DW), infusion (2,469 mg/100 g DW), and liqueur (1,830 mg/100 g DW), whereas fresh and pasteurized juices had the lowest content of total anthocyanins (921 and 1,099 mg/100 g DW).Practical ApplicationAlthough we confirmed the common belief among consumers that the consumption of fresh berries is more beneficial than consuming processed products, this study showed that various bilberry‐derived products can also be valuable source of phenolic compounds all year round.
Association between proton pump inhibitors and the risk of hepatocellular carcinoma
Authors: Shao Y.‐H. J. , Chan T.‐S. , Tsai K. , Wu S.‐Y. 
Published: June 2018

SummaryBackgroundProton pump inhibitor (PPI) use has been reported to be associated with liver damage and might possibly be carcinogenic.AimsWe examined whether long‐term PPI use increases the risk of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) in patients without viral hepatitis B or C.MethodsWe conducted a nested case‐control study in a cohort of patients without viral hepatitis in Taiwan from 2000 to 2013. In total, 29 473 HCC cases and 294 508 matched controls were included. Moreover, we identified prescriptions for PPI and durations between the PPI index date and cancer diagnosis date (or the corresponding date in controls).ResultsThe adjusted odds ratio (AOR) for HCC associated with PPI use was 2.86 (95% confidence interval [CI], 2.69‐3.04). Considering the use of PPIs determined according to cumulative defined daily dose (cDDD) subgroups, a dose‐response effect was observed in patients exposed to 29‐180, 181‐240, 241‐300, and 300+ cDDDs of PPIs. The AORs were 2.74 (95% CI, 2.57‐2.93), 2.98 (95% CI, 2.50‐3.56), 3.23 (95% CI, 2.59‐4.02), and 3.43 (95% CI, 2.94‐4.00) in the 29‐180, 181‐240, 241‐300, and 300+ cDDD groups, respectively, compared with the 0‐28 cDDD group. A sensitivity analysis revealed a consistent association between PPI use and the risk of HCC in subpopulations stratified by risk factors associated with HCC.ConclusionsThis observational study demonstrated that PPIs might increase the risk of HCC.
The effect of inclusions on the high‐temperature low‐cycle fatigue performance of cast MarBN: Experimental characterisation and computational modelling
Authors: O'Hara E.M. , Harrison N.M. , Polomski B.K. , Barrett R.A. , Leen S.B. 
Published: June 2018

AbstractThe presence of inclusions is a known source of crack initiation and component failure in cast materials. In this work, the role of inclusions is investigated via a combined program of high‐temperature low‐cycle fatigue testing and computational modelling of a tempered martensitic steel, MarBN. Microstructural analysis has shown that manufacturing‐induced oxide inclusions are a key source of fatigue crack initiation. A fully coupled, critical plane life prediction and damage model is implemented in a unified cyclic viscoplastic user‐material subroutine and applied to predict damage and micro‐crack initiation for inclusions. It is deduced that more careful control of the development of inclusions in the manufacturing process will provide enhanced material and component performance for highly flexible and ultrasupercritical plant conditions.
Unraveling salt stress signaling in plants
Authors: Yang Yongqing , Guo Yan 
Published: June 2018

AbstractSalt stress is a major environmental factor limiting plant growth and productivity. A better understanding of the mechanisms mediating salt resistance will help researchers design ways to improve crop performance under adverse environmental conditions. Salt stress can lead to ionic stress, osmotic stress and secondary stresses, particularly oxidative stress, in plants. Therefore, to adapt to salt stress, plants rely on signals and pathways that re‐establish cellular ionic, osmotic, and reactive oxygen species (ROS) homeostasis. Over the past two decades, genetic and biochemical analyses have revealed several core stress signaling pathways that participate in salt resistance. The Salt Overly Sensitive signaling pathway plays a key role in maintaining ionic homeostasis, via extruding sodium ions into the apoplast. Mitogen‐activated protein kinase cascades mediate ionic, osmotic, and ROS homeostasis. SnRK2 (sucrose nonfermenting 1‐related protein kinase 2) proteins are involved in maintaining osmotic homeostasis. In this review, we discuss recent progress in identifying the components and pathways involved in the plant's response to salt stress and their regulatory mechanisms. We also review progress in identifying sensors involved in salt‐induced stress signaling in plants.
I‐123 DaTscan SPECT Brain Imaging in Parkinsonian Syndromes: Utility of the Putamen‐to‐Caudate Ratio
Authors: Matesan Manuela , Gaddikeri Santhosh , Longfellow Katelan , Miyaoka Robert , Elojeimy Saeed , Elman Shana , Hu Shu‐Ching , Minoshima Satoshi , Lewis David 
Published: June 2018

ABSTRACTBACKGROUND AND PURPOSEComputer‐based analysis of Dopamine transporter imaging (DaTscan) can aid in image interpretation. In this study, we examined the distribution of putamen‐to‐caudate ratios (PCRs) obtained by using a clinically available semiquantification method.METHODSMedical records of 32 patients (M:16) with a diagnosis of Parkinson's disease (PD) (n = 22) or Parkinson's plus syndromes (PPS) (n = 10) based on clinical follow‐up, were retrospectively reviewed. Single photon emission tomography (SPECT) imaging was performed 4 hours after intravenous injection of 3–5 mCi [I‐123]‐ioflupane. Semiquantitative evaluation using DaTQUANT software was performed. Utility of PCR with a cutoff of .7 and .8 in the diagnosis of nigrostriatal degeneration was assessed. PD and PPS groups based on clinical assessment and caudate‐to‐background ratio (CBR) were assessed separately.RESULTSMinimum PCR for both hemispheres was .74 ± .09 (Mean ± SD, range: .58‐.89), with 65.63% patients (21/32) having PCR > .7. Mean PCR in mild nigrostriatal degeneration was .77 ± .08 (range: .62‐.89) and in advanced nigrostriatal degeneration was .73 ± .09 (range: .58‐.89). Mean PCR in PD group was .73 ± .09 (range: .58‐.89) and in PPS group was .75 ± .10 (range: .61‐.88).CONCLUSIONSAlthough PCR can intrinsically be a useful indication of disease, this ratio obtained in our analysis by using one of the clinically available automatic semiquantitative methods has large variability and might not be a reliable numeric marker in interpretation of [I‐123]ioflupane studies. This may be due to difficulty in separating caudate from putamen on SPECT images, as well as the nonuniform decreased Ioflupane uptake in both putamen and caudate.
Job burnout: The contribution of emotional stability and emotional self‐efficacy beliefs
Authors: Alessandri Guido , Perinelli Enrico , De Longis Evelina , Schaufeli Wilmar B. , Theodorou Annalisa , Borgogni Laura , Caprara Gian Vittorio , Cinque Luigi 
Published: June 2018

Consistent with insights from both trait and social cognitive theories, this study presents a theoretical model positing emotional self‐efficacy beliefs in managing negative emotions at work as a key mechanism that contributes to mediate the negative relationship between emotional stability – a trait highly associated with positive affect and mental health – and job burnout. To test this assertion, a two‐wave study using a representative sample of 416 new military cadets of an Italian military academy was designed. Military cadets were involved in the study 2 months after their entrance into the academy and then again, a year later. Results from structural equation modelling supported the hypothesized model. As predicted, self‐efficacy beliefs in managing negative emotions at work significantly mediated the longitudinal relation between emotional stability and job burnout, even after controlling for the effect of the other Big Five traits, education, previous experience in military contexts, gender, and age. Practical implications and directions for future research are discussed. In conclusion, our study demonstrates that self‐efficacy in managing negative emotions at work represents an important mechanism linking emotional stability level to burnout symptoms.Practitioner points

Self‐efficacy in managing negative emotions at work proved to be an important resource for workers in managing job‐related stress: practitioners interested in reducing burnout symptoms in stressful working environments should take into account this variable.

Self‐efficacy beliefs in managing negative emotions at work are cognitive structures malleable to change. Literature on social cognitive theory offers several suggestions on how to promote individuals’ positive beliefs on managing negative emotions and dysphoric affect. Hence, findings and literature reported in this study may be useful for practitioners aiming at strengthen workers’ self‐efficacy in managing negative emotions at work, through the development and application of coaching and training programmes.
PETROLEUM CHARGE AND MIGRATION IN THE BLACK SEA: INSIGHTS FROM OIL AND SOURCE ROCK GEOCHEMISTRY
Authors: Mayer J. , Sachsenhofer R.F. , Ungureanu C. , Bechtel A. , Gratzer R. , Sweda M. , Tari G. 
Published: June 2018

Although a number of significant oil and gas discoveries have been made within the Western Black Sea and the surrounding area, only sparse data about migration mechanisms are available. In this paper, biomarker and isotope data from five oilfields and one oil show located offshore Bulgaria and Romania (in the western Black Sea), and from one field onshore Georgia (at the margin of the eastern Black Sea), were compared with geochemical data from potential source rock intervals from borehole samples. The source rock data came from offshore Bulgaria and outcrop samples from onshore Georgia. The biomarker data indicates that all the oils analysed were generated by source rocks of Late Cretaceous or Cenozoic age. In the Western Black Sea sub‐basin, the most likely source rocks are Oligocene to Lower Miocene shales of the Maikop Group. Compound‐specific isotope data indicate that Lower Oligocene source rocks are the most significant although a contribution by Lower Miocene diatom‐rich source rocks cannot be excluded. For an oil sample from the Shromisubani field onshore Georgia, isotope data from individual n‐alkanes together with biomarker data indicates that the oil contains a mixture of hydrocarbons generated from the Middle Eocene Kuma Formation and the Oligocene part of the Maikop Group.Oligocene and Miocene source rocks are immature at the shelfal locations where the oil samples were recovered. Charge for these hydrocarbon accumulations is interpreted to have been provided by long‐distance lateral migration from source kitchens in more central parts of the Black Sea basin, where Oligocene and (some) Miocene source rocks are within the oil and gas window. The results of this study highlight the prospectivity of recently‐discovered deep‐water plays, and significantly de‐risk future deep‐water projects within the Black Sea area.
Examining Family Quality of Life Within the Context of a Participant‐Directed ASD Funding Program in British Columbia, Canada
Authors: Gardiner Emily , Iarocci Grace 
Published: June 2018

AbstractIndividuals with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) will access significant supports across their lifespan, often within multiple service systems (e.g., medical, education, mental health, and social). The responsibility for service coordination most often falls to the family, and frustrations with systemic and practical barriers have significant implications for family functioning, and specifically for family quality of life (FQOL). This mixed‐methods study examined caregivers' perceptions of service access within British Columbia, a province that utilizes a participant‐directed model. Families described how their interactions with the service system impacted their FQOL, and differences across families representative of both the high and low ends of the FQOL satisfaction continuum were examined. Caregivers (N = 118) of individuals with ASD (aged 6–18 years) reported on their satisfaction with support and FQOL, and described their service navigation experiences. Fifteen caregivers also participated in follow‐up interviews, in which they elaborated on their perceptions of service delivery, highlighting the associated strengths and challenges. Overall, only approximately one‐quarter of participants were “satisfied” or “very satisfied” with the resources and funds available to their family, and the average satisfaction rating was low. Caregivers shared their concerns about the British Columbia service context, describing the system as inflexible, complicated, and inaccessible. Participants shared how burdensome they found funding and service coordination to be, and highlighted the strain associated with the lack of available guidance. This suggests that it is not enough to simply make families responsible for service coordination if they are not also armed with the necessary knowledge and supports. The implications for policy and practice are reviewed.
Multiple Matrix Gaussian Graphs Estimation
Authors: Zhu Yunzhang , Li Lexin 
Published: June 2018

SummaryMatrix-valued data, where the sampling unit is a matrix consisting of rows and columns of measurements, are emerging in numerous scientific and business applications. Matrix Gaussian graphical models are a useful tool to characterize the conditional dependence structure of rows and columns. We employ non-convex penalization to tackle the estimation of multiple graphs from matrix-valued data under a matrix normal distribution. We propose a highly efficient non-convex optimization algorithm that can scale up for graphs with hundreds of nodes. We establish the asymptotic properties of the estimator, which requires less stringent conditions and has a sharper probability error bound than existing results. We demonstrate the efficacy of our proposed method through both simulations and real functional magnetic resonance imaging analyses.
Ventilation inhomogeneity in infants with recurrent wheezing
Authors: Lu Zihang , Foong Rachel E , Kowalik Krzysztof , Moraes Theo J , Boyce Ayanna , Dubeau Aimee , Balkovec Susan , Gustafsson Per Magnus , Becker Allan B , Mandhane Piush J , Turvey Stuart E , Lou Wendy , Ratjen Felix , Sears Malcolm , Subbarao Padmaja 
Published: June 2018

BackgroundThe care of infants with recurrent wheezing relies largely on clinical assessment. The lung clearance index (LCI), a measure of ventilation inhomogeneity, is a sensitive marker of early airway disease in children with cystic fibrosis, but its utility has not been explored in infants with recurrent wheezing.ObjectiveTo assess ventilation inhomogeneity using LCI among infants with a history of recurrent wheezing compared with healthy controls.MethodsThis is a case–control study, including 37 infants with recurrent wheezing recruited from outpatient clinics, and 113 healthy infants from a longitudinal birth cohort, the Canadian Healthy Infant Longitudinal Development study. All infants, at a time of clinical stability, underwent functional assessment including multiple breath washout, forced expiratory flows and body plethysmography.ResultsLCI z-score values among infants with recurrent wheeze were 0.84 units (95% CI 0.41 to 1.26) higher than healthy infants (mean (95% CI): 0.26 (−0.11 to 0.63) vs −0.58 (−0.79 to 0.36), p<0.001)). Nineteen percent of recurrently wheezing infants had LCI values that were above the upper limit of normal (>1.64 z-scores). Elevated exhaled nitric oxide, but not symptoms, was associated with abnormal LCI values in infants with recurrent wheeze (p=0.05).ConclusionsVentilation inhomogeneity is present in clinically stable infants with recurrent wheezing.
Novel role of PKR in palmitate-induced Sirt1 inactivation and endothelial cell senescence
Authors: Li Yapei , Peng Zhouyangfan , Wang Chunle , Li Le , Leng Yiping , Chen Ruifang , Yuan Hong , Zhou Shenghua , Zhang Zhen , Chen Alex F. 
Published: June 2018

Endothelial cell senescence is regarded as a vital characteristic of cardiovascular diseases. Elevated palmitate (PA) is an independent risk factor of cardiovascular diseases, but its role in endothelial cell senescence is currently unknown. During the course of studying the prosenescent role of PA, we discovered a key role of dsRNA-dependent protein kinase [protein kinase R (PKR)] in endothelial senescence. Exposure of human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs) to PA-induced cell senescence is characterized by increased levels of senescence-associated β-galactose glucosidase activity, excessive production of reactive oxygen species production, impaired cellular proliferation, and G1 phase arrest. This phenomenon is associated with an increase of PKR autophosphorylation and decreased activity of sirtuin 1 (Sirt1), a pivotal antisenescent factor. PKR inactivation by PKR siRNA or its phosphorylation inhibitor 2-aminopurine significantly attenuated PA-induced HUVEC senescence by reversing Sirt1 activity and its downstream signaling. Moreover, to study the regulatory mechanism between PKR and Sirt1, we found that PKR promotes JNK activation to inhibit Sirt1 activity and that this effect could be reversed by the JNK inhibitor SP600125. These findings provide evidence that PKR mediates PA-induced HUVEC senescence by inhibiting Sirt1 signaling. Our study provides novel insights into the actions and mechanisms of PKR in endothelial senescence. NEW & NOTEWORTHY This study first provides a novel observation that dsRNA-dependent protein kinase (PKR) mediates palmitate-induced sirtuin 1 inactivation and subsequent human umbilical vein endothelial cell senescence. Most importantly, these new findings will provide a potential therapeutic strategy to improve free fatty acid-induced endothelial senescence by targeting PKR in cardiovascular diseases.
Blood pressure predicts endothelial function and the effects of ethinyl estradiol exposure in young women
Authors: Adler Tessa E. , Usselman Charlotte W. , Takamata Akira , Stachenfeld Nina S. 
Published: June 2018

Hypertension, obesity, and endothelial function predict cardiovascular disease in women, and these factors are interrelated. We hypothesized that hypertension and obesity are associated with endothelial dysfunction in young women and that short-term ethinyl estradiol exposure mitigates this dysfunction. We examined flow-mediated dilation (FMD) responses before and during 7 days of oral ethinyl estradiol (30 µg/day) in 19 women (25 ± 5, 18–35 yr). We divided our sample into two groups based on two criteria: blood pressure and obesity. Women were divided into normal blood pressure (NBP; mean arterial pressure range: 78–91 mmHg, n = 7) and high blood pressure (HBP; mean arterial pressure range: 95–113 mmHg, n = 9) groups. We also stratified our subjects by body composition (lean: 18–31%, n = 8; obese: 38–59%, n = 9). We evaluated brachial FMD after two distinct shear stress stimuli: occlusion alone and occlusion with ischemic handgrip exercise. Obesity was unrelated to both FMD responses. Before ethinyl estradiol administration, the HBP group had blunted ischemic exercise responses relative to the NBP group (8.0 ± 3.5 vs. 12.3 ± 3.2%, respectively, P = 0.05). However, during ethinyl estradiol administration, ischemic exercise responses increased in the HBP group (12.8 ± 6.1%, P = 0.04) but decreased in the NBP group (5.6 ± 2.4%, P = 0.01). Standard FMD did not reveal differences between groups. In summary, 1) moderate HBP predicted endothelial impairment, 2) ethinyl estradiol administration had divergent effects on FMD in women with NBP versus HBP, and 3) enhanced FMD (ischemic handgrip exercise) revealed differences in endothelial function, whereas standard FMD (occlusion alone) did not. NEW & NOTEWORTHY We are the first to show that mild hypertension is a stronger predictor of endothelial dysfunction than obesity in healthy women without overt cardiovascular dysfunction. Importantly, the standard 5-min flow-mediated vasodilation stimulus did not detect endothelial dysfunction in our healthy population; only an enhanced ischemic handgrip exercise shear stress stimulus detected endothelial impairment. Estradiol administration increased flow-mediated dilation in women with high blood pressure, so it may be a therapeutic intervention to improve endothelial function.