bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The effect of scanning the palate and scan body position on the accuracy of complete‐arch implant scans
Authors: Mizumoto Ryan M. , Alp Gülce , Özcan Mutlu , Yilmaz Burak 
Published: July 2019

AbstractBackgroundWhether stitching the palate during intraoral digital scans of implants would improve, scanning accuracy is unclear.PurposeEvaluate the effect of stitching the palate and the scan body position on the trueness (distance and angular deviation) and precision of digital scans in a completely edentulous situation.Materials and MethodsAn edentulous maxillary model with four parallel dental implant analogs was fabricated and intraoral scan bodies were attached. The entire surface was scanned using an industrial scanner to generate a master reference model digital scan (MRM‐DS). Digital scans of the master model were made using an intraoral scanner and the resulting scans were divided into two groups [stitched palate (S) and unstitched palate (U)]. All test scans were converted to STL files and superimposed over the MRM‐DS.ResultsFor trueness, scan body position had a significant effect on distance (P < .001) and angular (P < .001) deviation values. In terms of precision, no significant difference was found in distance (P = .051) and angular deviations (P = .36) between stitched and unstitched techniques.ConclusionsThe accuracy and precision of digital scans of edentulous maxillary arch was similar independent of stitching or unstitching the palate. Position of the implant had a significant effect on trueness.
Osseointegration of titanium dental implant under fluoride exposure in rabbits: Micro‐CT and histomorphometry study
Authors: Yu Ying‐juan , Zhu Wen‐qing , Xu Li‐na , Ming Pan‐pan , Shao Shui‐yi , Qiu Jing 
Published: July 2019

AbstractObjectiveThis study aims to investigate the influence of fluoride exposure on implant osseointegration.MethodsA total of 24 male New Zealand white rabbits were randomly divided into the control group and the fluoride exposure group. Rabbits in the control group were fed with tap water, while those in the fluoride exposure group were given 200 mg/L sodium fluoride solution. After 2‐month feeding, implants were inserted into the extraction socket immediately after extraction of rabbit mandibular anterior teeth. Four rabbits in each group were sacrificed to collect the implants samples at 1, 2, and 3 months post‐implantation, respectively. Radiographic and histomorphometry examinations were performed to evaluate the condition of implant osseointegration.ResultsBone volume around the implants increased in a time‐dependent manner in both groups. Micro‐CT images illustrated that the bone mineral density (BMD) in the fluoride exposure group was significantly lower than that in the control group after implantation for 2 and 3 months. The bone–implant contact ratio (BIC) in the fluoride exposure group was much lower than that of the control group at 3 months post‐implantation according to histomorphometry examination.ConclusionsIn rabbit animal model, high fluoride exposure affected the quality of bone surrounding the implant and significantly reduced bone integration of the implant, especially in the late stage of osseointegration.
Can China's Diplomatic Partnership Strategy Benefit Outward Foreign Direct Investment?
Authors: Sun Churen , Liu Yaying 
Published: July 2019

AbstractIn the context of global integration, whether a diplomatic partnership strategy can promote outward foreign direct investment (OFDI) and how it works are very important issues for China. Based on a dataset featuring China's partnerships collected from the Ministry of Foreign Affairs website, we establish an empirical framework to assess the role of China's diplomatic strategy in its OFDI arising from partnerships since 1993. The results show that the establishment or upgrade of partnerships has had a positive effect on Chinese firms’ decisions on OFDI for at least the short term, especially for firms with higher demand for policy guarantees from the government, such as non‐central firms and non‐Beijing firms. The results also show that the increase in OFDI is concentrated in host countries with higher political risks, such as developing countries, neighboring countries, and Belt and Road countries, which is consistent with China's diplomatic focus. Our research proves that China's diplomatic strategy can assist firms to invest abroad.
The modernization of the rice value chain in Senegal: A move towards the Asian Quiet Revolution?
Authors: Soullier Guillaume , Moustier Paule 
Published: July 2019

AbstractMotivationThe modernization of domestic food chains in India, Bangladesh and the People’s Republic of China is characterized by technological change and the integration of the collection function by the midstream segment. This has improved product quality and resulted in increased value added for value chain (VC) actors. In Africa, since the first world food crisis, governments have endeavoured to develop domestic value chains.PurposeThe purpose of this article is to review the dynamics of the rice value chain in Senegal in order to see the extent to which it follows the same trends as in Asia.Approach and methodsWe have completed the paradigm of Structure‐Conduct‐Performance with the Global Value Chain analysis framework, which highlights the influence that one stakeholder in a steering position can have on the distribution of tasks, skills and margins among the actors in the chain. We conducted 154 qualitative interviews to understand changes in governance. We also used data about 913 stakeholders to assess the competitiveness of the value chain.FindingsWe found that the Senegalese rice value chain is undergoing modernization as in Asia. Nevertheless, in Senegal, (a) midstream actors already carried out paddy collection through spot transactions with a trend towards relational governance, (b) credit policies contributed directly to the shift in governance towards integration, and (c) the modern rice VC was able to compete in terms of cost with imports thanks to state intervention.Policy implicationsIn order to improve the competitiveness of this value chain, we recommend the inclusion of small‐scale processors in the modernization process through improved access to credit. We also suggest carrying out feasibility studies relating to the use of small‐scale mechanization.
The implications of rapid eco‐evolutionary processes for biological control ‐ a review
Authors: Szűcs Marianna , Vercken Elodie , Bitume Ellyn V. , Hufbauer Ruth A. 
Published: July 2019

AbstractNovel environmental conditions experienced by introduced species can drive rapid evolution of diverse traits. In turn, rapid evolution, both adaptive and non‐adaptive, can influence population size, growth rate, and other important ecological characteristics of populations. In addition, spatial evolutionary processes that arise from a combination of assortative mating between highly dispersive individuals at the expanding edge of populations and altered reproductive rates of those individuals can accelerate expansion speed. Growing experimental evidence shows that the effects of rapid evolution on ecological dynamics can be quite large, and thus it can affect establishment, persistence, and the distribution of populations. We review the experimental and theoretical literature on such eco‐evolutionary feedbacks and evaluate the implications of these processes for biological control. Experiments show that evolving populations can establish at higher rates and grow larger than non‐evolving populations. However, non‐adaptive processes, such as genetic drift and inbreeding depression can also lead to reduced fitness and declines in population size. Spatial evolutionary processes can increase spread rates and change the fitness of individuals at the expansion front. These examples demonstrate the power of eco‐evolutionary dynamics and indicate that evolution is likely more important in biocontrol programs than previously realized. We discuss how this knowledge can be used to enhance efficacy of biological control.
Spatial and temporal variation of ecosystem properties at macroscales
Authors: Soranno Patricia A. , Wagner Tyler , Collins Sarah M. , Lapierre Jean‐Francois , Lottig Noah R. , Oliver Samantha K. 
Published: July 2019

AbstractAlthough spatial and temporal variation in ecological properties has been well‐studied, crucial knowledge gaps remain for studies conducted at macroscales and for ecosystem properties related to material and energy. We test four propositions of spatial and temporal variation in ecosystem properties within a macroscale (1000 km's) extent. We fit Bayesian hierarchical models to thousands of observations from over two decades to quantify four components of variation – spatial (local and regional) and temporal (local and coherent); and to model their drivers. We found strong support for three propositions: (1) spatial variation at local and regional scales are large and roughly equal, (2) annual temporal variation is mostly local rather than coherent, and, (3) spatial variation exceeds temporal variation. Our findings imply that predicting ecosystem responses to environmental changes at macroscales requires consideration of the dominant spatial signals at both local and regional scales that may overwhelm temporal signals.
Arabidopsis thaliana Hcc1 is a Sco‐like metallochaperone for CuA assembly in Cytochrome c Oxidase
Authors: Llases María‐Eugenia , Lisa María‐Natalia , Morgada Marcos N. , Giannini Estefanía , Alzari Pedro M. , Vila Alejandro J. 
Published: July 2019

The assembly of the CuA site in Cytochrome c Oxidase (COX) is a critical step for aerobic respiration in COX‐dependent organisms. Several gene products have been associated with the assembly of this copper site, the most conserved of them belonging to the Sco family of proteins, which have been shown to perform different roles in different organisms. Plants express two orthologs of Sco proteins: Hcc1 and Hcc2. Hcc1 is known to be essential for plant development and for COX maturation, but its precise function has not been addressed until now. Here, we report the biochemical, structural and functional characterization of Arabidopsis thaliana Hcc1 protein (here renamed Sco1). We solved the crystal structure of the Cu+1‐bound soluble domain of this protein, revealing a tri coordinated environment involving a CxxxCxnH motif. We show that AtSco1 is able to work as a copper metallochaperone, inserting two Cu+1 ions into the CuA site in a model of CoxII. We also show that AtSco1 does not act as a thiol‐disulfide oxido‐reductase. Overall, this information sheds new light on the biochemistry of Sco proteins, highlighting the diversity of functions among them despite their high structural similarities.DatabasePDB entry 6N5U (Crystal structure of Arabidopsis thaliana ScoI with copper bound).
Evidence of high Ca uptake by cyanobacteria forming intracellular CaCO3 and impact on their growth
Authors: De Wever Alexis , Benzerara Karim , Coutaud Margot , Caumes Géraldine , Poinsot Mélanie , Skouri‐Panet Fériel , Laurent Thierry , Duprat Elodie , Gugger Muriel 
Published: July 2019

AbstractSeveral species of cyanobacteria biomineralizing intracellular amorphous calcium carbonates (ACC) were recently discovered. However, the mechanisms involved in this biomineralization process and the determinants discriminating species forming intracellular ACC from those not forming intracellular ACC remain unknown. Recently, it was hypothesized that the intensity of Ca uptake (i.e., how much Ca was scavenged from the extracellular solution) might be a major parameter controlling the capability of a cyanobacterium to form intracellular ACC. Here, we tested this hypothesis by systematically measuring the Ca uptake by a set of 52 cyanobacterial strains cultured in the same growth medium. The results evidenced a dichotomy among cyanobacteria regarding Ca sequestration capabilities, with all strains forming intracellular ACC incorporating significantly more calcium than strains not forming ACC. Moreover, Ca provided at a concentration of 50 μM in BG‐11 was shown to be limiting for the growth of some of the strains forming intracellular ACC, suggesting an overlooked quantitative role of Ca for these strains. All cyanobacteria forming intracellular ACC contained at least one gene coding for a mechanosensitive channel, which might be involved in Ca influx, as well as at least one gene coding for a Ca2+/H+ exchanger and membrane proteins of the UPF0016 family, which might be involved in active Ca transport either from the cytosol to the extracellular solution or the cytosol toward an intracellular compartment. Overall, massive Ca sequestration may have an indirect role by allowing the formation of intracellular ACC. The latter may be beneficial to the growth of the cells as a storage of inorganic C and/or a buffer of intracellular pH. Moreover, high Ca scavenging by cyanobacteria biomineralizing intracellular ACC, a trait shared with endolithic cyanobacteria, suggests that these cyanobacteria should be considered as potentially significant geochemical reservoirs of Ca.
Systemic inflammatory impact of periodontitis on cognitive impairment
Authors: Gil Montoya José Antonio , Barrios Rocío , Sanchez‐Lara Inés , Ramos Pablo , Carnero Cristobal , Fornieles Francisco , Montes Juan , Santana Soraya , Luna Juan de Dios , Gonzalez‐Moles Miguel Angel 
Published: July 2019

AbstractObjectivesThe role in dementia of systemic inflammation derived from periodontal disease is not fully elucidated. The objective of our study was to examine the impact of inflammation on the relationship between periodontitis and cognitive impairment.MethodsWe have designed a case (n = 171) and control (n = 131) study to determine the periodontal health status, grade of cognitive impairment/dementia and systemic inflammation level, the last being measured by analysis of 29 inflammatory biomarkers using multiplex techniques.ResultsAt the time of sampling, 11 of the 29 inflammatory biomarkers were associated with cognitive impairment in patients with more severe periodontitis. However, the inflammatory response to severe periodontitis was more reduced (lower biomarker concentrations) in cases (with cognitive impairment or dementia) than in (cognitively healthy) controls, an unexpected finding.ConclusionsBased on these results, we cannot confirm that systemic inflammation derived from periodontal disease plays a relevant role in the aetiology of cognitive impairment.
Pastas: Open Source Software for the Analysis of Groundwater Time Series
Authors: Collenteur Raoul A. , Bakker Mark , Caljé Ruben , Klop Stijn A. , Schaars Frans 
Published: July 2019

AbstractTime series analysis is an increasingly popular method to analyze heads measured in an observation well. Common applications include the quantification of the effect of different stresses (rainfall, pumping, etc.), and the detection of trends and outliers. Pastas is a new and open source Python package for the analysis of hydrogeological time series. The objective of Pastas is twofold: to provide a scientific framework to develop and test new methods, and to provide a reliable ready‐to‐use software tool for groundwater practitioners. Transfer function noise modeling is applied using predefined response functions. For example, the head response to rainfall is simulated through the convolution of measured rainfall with a Gamma response function. Pastas models are created and analyzed through scripts, ensuring reproducibility and providing a transparent report of the entire modeling process. A Pastas model can be constructed in seven simple steps: import Pastas, read the time series, create a model, specify the stresses and the types of response functions, estimate the model parameters, visualize output, and analyze the results. These seven steps, including the corresponding Python code, are applied to investigate how rainfall and reference evaporation can explain measured heads in an observation well in Kingstown, Rhode Island, USA. The second example demonstrates the use of scripts to analyze a large number of observation wells in batch to estimate the extent of the drawdown caused by a well field in the Netherlands. Pastas is free and open source software available under the MIT‐license at http://github.com/pastas/pastas.
Enhanced electromagnetic wave absorbing properties of Si‐O‐C ceramics with in‐situ formed 1D nanostructures
Authors: Ding Donghai , Wang Jing , Xiao Guoqing , Li Zipei , Bai Bing , Ren Jincui , He Geping 
Published: July 2019

AbstractThe Si‐O‐C ceramics were prepared by polymer‐derived ceramic method using polysiloxane/FeCl3 as precursor with the FeCl3 content of 1.0 wt%. The microstructure, dielectric properties, and electromagnetic wave (EMW) absorbing properties in X band of the Si‐O‐C ceramic were investigated. It was found that the pyrolysis temperature has a great influence on the amount of in‐situ formed CNTs and the transformation from CNTs to 1D SiC nanostructures. With the temperature rising from 1000 to 1500°C, the SiC formed with various morphologies including SiC microspheres, needle‐like SiC, and SiC nanowires which were transformed from CNTs. The EMW absorbing properties were dramatically improved when the pyrolysis temperature raised to 1500°C; the minimum reflection loss (RL) was −58.37 dB of sample with a thickness of 2.95 mm at 10.11 GHz, and the absorbing band (RL ≤−20 dB) of sample at a thickness of 3.0 mm covers 3.8 GHz (8.2‐12.0 GHz), which means more than 99% of the EMW were absorbed. The enhancement of EMW absorbing properties of bulk Si‐O‐C ceramics was attributed to the interfacial polarization induced by in‐situ heterogeneous nanostructures with complex interfaces.
Facial involvement and the severity of psoriasis
Authors: Passos Adriana N. , de A. Rêgo Vitória R. P. , Duarte Gleison V. , Santos e Miranda Rafaela C. , de O. Rocha Bruno , de F. S. P. de Oliveira Maria 
Published: July 2019

AbstractBackgroundPsoriasis is a chronic, inflammatory skin disorder characterized by well‐demarcated erythematous‐scaly lesions, affecting 0–6.6% of the world population. Facial lesions are neglected in most descriptions in current literature, although some studies indicate that it could be a predictor of psoriasis severity.ObjectiveTo compare the severity of psoriasis, measured by the Psoriasis Area and Severity Index (PASI) and Dermatology Life Quality Index (DLQI), in patients with and without facial lesions.Material and MethodsThis is a cross‐sectional study, whose sample size was 63 individuals for each group. Subjects were included in the HUPES Complex Dermatology Service (Salvador/BA – Brazil) from April 2014 to January 2016. Demographic information was obtained using a prestructured form. Assessments of psoriasis severity and quality of life were done using PASI and DLQI, respectively.ResultsFacial lesions were detected on 63 (50.0%) of the 126 patients included. The pinna was the most frequently affected region (63.5%). Mean PASI in the group with facial involvement was 14.0 vs. 6.0, when facial involvement was absent. DLQI means for these groups were, respectively, 7.5 and 4.7.ConclusionsFacial involvement in a psoriasis patient was a marker of disease severity, and its identification should influence the therapeutic decision.
Unintentional error in formula preparation and its simulated impact on infant weight and adiposity
Authors: Altazan Abby D. , Gilmore L. Anne , Guo Juen , Rosenberg David M. , Toupo Danielle , Gowins Aaron , Burton Jeffrey H. , Beyl Robbie A. , Chow Carson C. , Hall Kevin D. , Redman Leanne M. 
Published: July 2019

SummaryBackgroundAccelerated weight gain in infancy is a public health issue and is likely due to feeding behaviours.ObjectivesTo test the accuracy of individuals to dispense infant formula as compared with recommended serving sizes and to estimate the effect of dispensing inaccuracy on infant growth.MethodsFifty‐three adults dispensed infant formula powder for three servings of 2, 4, 6, and 8 fl oz bottles, in random order. The weight of dispensed infant formula powder was compared with the recommended serving size weight on the nutrition label. A novel mathematical model was used to estimate the impact of formula dispensing on infant weight and adiposity.ResultsNineteen percent of bottles (20 of 636) prepared contained the recommended amount of infant formula powder. Three percent were underdispensed, and 78% of bottles were overdispensed, resulting in 11% additional infant formula powder. Mathematical modelling feeding 11% above energy requirements exclusively for 6 months for male and female infants suggested infants at the 50th percentile for weight at birth would reach the 75th percentile with increased adiposity by 6 months.ConclusionsInaccurate measurement of infant formula powder and overdispensing, which is highly prevalent, specifically, may contribute to rapid weight gain and increased adiposity in formula‐fed infants.
Bank and sovereign risk pass‐through: Evidence from the euro area
Authors: Erce Aitor 
Published: July 2019

AbstractSovereign and bank risk can feed into each other and trigger destabilizing dynamics. In this paper, I use euro‐area countries’ credit default swap data to study what factors and shocks underlie bouts of enhanced correlation between bank and sovereign risk. Sovereign risk pass‐through, where sovereign instability undermines domestic banks’ health, is stronger than bank risk pass‐through, where bank instability taints the sovereign's fiscal outlook. When banks are more exposed to the sovereign or the latter loses its investment‐grade status, sovereign risk transfers to banks particularly strongly. In the other direction, risk transmits to the sovereign from banks more strongly if the banks are larger or if the government is bailing them out. During bailout periods, bank risk pass‐through is more likely if banks hold more domestic sovereign debt, they are more externally indebted, or the sovereign debt stock is higher.
In vitro analysis of the origin and characteristics of gaseous microemboli during catheter electroporation ablation
Authors: van Es René , Groen Marijn H. A. , Stehouwer Marco , Doevendans Pieter A. , Wittkampf Fred H. M. , Neven Kars 
Published: July 2019

AbstractIntroductionRecent studies demonstrated that irreversible electroporation (IRE) ablation may be an alternative method for thermal ablation for pulmonary vein isolation. Development of gaseous microemboli during catheter ablation might lead to asymptomatic ischemic events and is therefore an important research topic. Gas formation during arcing with direct current catheter ablation has been studied in the past, however not for nonarcing IRE‐ablation.ObjectiveThe aim of the present study was to visualize, quantify, and characterize gas formation during nonarcing millisecond IRE‐pulses using a multielectrode circular catheter.MethodsIn vitro, gas formation during IRE‐pulses was studied using a high‐speed imaging, direct volume measurements, and a bubble counter. Gas formation was compared between cathodal and anodal IRE‐pulses and between a small and large catheter hoop diameter.ResultsHigh‐speed images showed the location and dynamics of gas formation during cathodal and anodal millisecond IRE‐pulses. The direct volume measurements demonstrated a significantly larger volume for cathodal than for anodal IRE‐pulses (P < .001), and no significant difference between small and large hoop diameters. A strong linear relationship was found between delivered charge and total gas volume (r = 0.99). Bubble counter measurements showed that cathodal IRE‐pulses produced more and larger gas bubbles than anodal IRE‐pulses. The ratio of total gas volume between cathodal and anodal IRE‐pulses is different as predicted from electrolysis theory.ConclusionIn vitro, millisecond anodal IRE‐pulses produce significantly less and smaller gas bubbles than millisecond cathodal IRE‐pulses. In vivo experiments are required to investigate the clinical implication of these observations.