bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Efficient scheme for a category of variable-order optimal control problems based on the sixth-kind Chebyshev polynomials
Authors: Sadri Khadijeh , Hosseini Kamyar , Salahshour Soheil , Baleanu Dumitru , Ahmadian Ali , Park Choonkil 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
The main goal of the present study is to introduce an operational collocation scheme based on sixth-kind Chebyshev polynomials (SCPs) to solve a category of optimal control problems involving a variable-order dynamical system (VODS). To achieve this goal, the collocation method based on SCPs, the pseudo-operational matrix for the fractional integral operator, and the dual operational matrix are adopted. More precisely, an algebraic equation is obtained instead of the objective function and a system of algebraic equation is derived instead of the VODS. The constrained equations obtained from joining the objective function to the VODS are ultimately optimized using the method of the Lagrange multipliers. Detailed convergence analysis of the suggested method is given as well. Four illustrative examples along with several tables and figures are formally provided to support the efficiency and preciseness of the numerical scheme.
The Collaboration of Teaching at The Right Level Approach with Problem-Based Learning Model
Authors: Mustafa Sriyanti , Riana Rika , Baharullah Baharullah , Maming Khadijah 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
This study aims to explore the effectiveness of collaboration between the Teaching at the Right Level (TaRL) approach and the problem-based learning (PBL) model in improving student learning outcomes at junior high school and senior high school levels. TaRL is a method that emphasizes learning tailored to students’ individual ability levels, while PBL focuses on PBL that encourages students to develop critical thinking and problem-solving skills independently. In this study, 73 students participated in two cycles of learning practices integrating the two approaches. The results of the initial diagnostic test were used to group students based on their ability levels, which were then followed by the implementation of learning using problem-based scenarios according to their groups. Quantitative data were obtained through learning outcome tests and analyzed using descriptive statistics and ANOVA. The mean value of students’ final test results reached 79.73, indicating a significant increase in understanding after the implementation of this method. However, the ANOVA results showed that there was no significant difference between the tested groups, with a p-value of 0.662 and an F-statistic of 0.414. In addition, in-depth interviews were conducted to understand students’ perceptions of the applied learning method. The results of the interviews revealed that students felt more engaged and motivated in the learning process, especially since the materials were tailored to their abilities and they were given the opportunity to solve problems relevant to real life. However, variations in learning outcomes were still evident, indicating the need for further adjustments in the approach to reduce performance disparities between students. This study concludes that the collaboration of TaRL and PBL can be an effective strategy for improving learning outcomes. However, adaptation and continuous monitoring are needed to ensure that all students can benefit the most from this approach.
Endothelial cell phenotype is linked to endothelial dysfunction in individuals with a family history of type 2 diabetes
Authors: Alvarado-Vásquez Noé , Sommer Bettina , González-Trujano María Eva 
Published: November 2024

Abstract

Objectives
The patient’s family history of type 2 diabetes (FH-DM2) has been negatively associated with the functionality of endothelial cells (ECs). Our objectives in this work were to use human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs) as a model, to substantiate whether FH-DM2 influences endothelial phenotype and impairs NO and ROS synthesis, cell metabolism, and mitochondrial activity of ECs from individuals with FH-DM2.

Methods
In this study were evaluated the synthesis of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and nitric oxide (NO), mitochondrial membrane potential (MMP), mRNA of eNOS, glucose consumption, and lactate synthesis in HUVECs from newborns with FH-DM2. Furthermore, we also evaluated EC complexity and cell size through flow cytometry.

Results
Our results showed significant differences in HUVECs with FH-DM2, regarding their complexity and cell size, in the synthesis of ROS (p<0.01), and NO (p<0.05); they also reflected diminished glucose consumption and slight changes in the lactate levels.

Conclusion
In conclusion, our results showed that HUVECs from children with FH-DM2 have a reduced capability of synthesizing ROS and NO, which might be linked to the metabolism of endothelial cells. These results are relevant since early endothelial dysfunction has been reported in individuals with FH-DM2, and could be used to establish preventive measures to reduce the risk of developing atherosclerosis or cardiovascular diseases in healthy individuals, but with this family background.
The value of ultrasound spectra of middle cerebral artery and umbilical artery blood flow in adverse pregnancy outcomes
Authors: Zhao Xuan , Shen Ya 
Published: November 2024

Abstract

Objectives
To evaluate the diagnostic value of ultrasound spectra of the middle cerebral artery (MCA) and umbilical artery (UA) blood flow in predicting adverse pregnancy outcomes.

Methods
Data from 202 late singleton pregnancies (32–34 weeks gestation) were analyzed. Group A included 155 normal pregnancies, while Group B comprised 47 high-risk pregnancies. Color Doppler ultrasonography was used to measure and compare pulsatility index (PI), resistance index (RI), and end-systolic peak/end-diastolic peak (S/D) ratios of fetal MCA and UA between the groups.

Results
UA-related parameters (PI, RI, and S/D) were significantly higher in Group B compared to Group A, whereas MCA-related parameters (PI, RI, and S/D) were significantly lower in Group B than in Group A. In pregnancies with adverse outcomes, fetal UtA and UA-related parameters were elevated, while MCA parameters were decreased compared to those with favorable outcomes.

Conclusions
Ultrasound spectra of MCA and UA blood flow provide valuable clinical information for assessing fetal intrauterine growth and predicting adverse pregnancy outcomes.
Stepanov-like pseudo-almost automorphic solutions of infinite class in the alpha-norm under the light of measure theory
Authors: Mbainadji Djendode , Ngarmadji Kossadoum , Koumla Sylvain 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
In this article, we study weighted Stepanov-like pseudo-almost automorphic functions with infinite delay using measure theory. We present a new concept of weighted ergodic functions, which is more general than the classical one. Then, we establish many interesting results on the space of such functions. We also study the existence and uniqueness of

(

μ
,
ν

)

\left(\mu ,\nu )

-Stepanov-like pseudo-almost automorphic solutions of infinite class in the

α

\alpha

-norm for some partial functional differential equations in a Banach space with unbounded delay, using the spectral decomposition of the phase space developed by Adimy and his co-authors. An example is given to illustrate this work.
Biodegradability of corn starch films containing nanocellulose fiber and thymol
Authors: Nordin Norhazirah , Fisal Muhamad Farhan , Othman Siti Hajar , Tawakkal Intan Syafinaz Mohamed Amin , Basha Roseliza Kadir 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
The biodegradability of corn starch (CS), CS/nanocellulose fiber (NCF), and CS/NCF/thymol (Thy) films produced via a solvent casting method was investigated by soil burial test (SBT) in two types of soils (compost and planting). The films were evaluated in regard to weight loss, visual appearance, morphological properties, and structural properties. Based on SBT, CS/NCF films exhibited the least weight loss and changes in visual appearance, morphology, and structural properties. The inclusion of Thy into CS/NCF films increased substantially the degree of degradation of films in both soils. The microscopy images of films after SBT show that all of the films had voids, holes, and rough surfaces especially films containing Thy, indicating that the films degraded. Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy results revealed shifting of peaks and changes in peak intensity of some functional groups of films, confirming the degradation phenomenon. Compost soil has more organic material, active microbes, nutrients, and humidity than planting soil, thus resulting in films with greater weight loss and changes in visual appearance, morphology, and structural properties. It can be concluded that the films have a high potential for applications and can help to lower the amount of usage of non-degradable materials.
A new investigation of the extended Sakovich equation for abundant soliton solution in industrial engineering via two efficient techniques
Authors: Hossain Md Nur , Rasid Md Mamunur , Abouelfarag I. , El-Rashidy K. , Miah M. Mamun , Kanan Mohammad 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
Soliton solutions play a crucial role in modeling stable phenomena across optical communications, fluid dynamics, and plasma physics, owing to their stability and persistence in solving nonlinear equations. This study centers on the extended Sakovich equation, emphasizing the importance of soliton solutions in predicting and controlling localized wave behaviors, which advances nonlinear dynamics and its various applications due to its integrable properties and flexible soliton characteristics. This equation is applicable across diverse fields such as fluid dynamics, nonlinear optics, and plasma physics, where it effectively models nonlinear wave phenomena, including solitons and shock waves. Additionally, it provides crucial insights into wave propagation in biological systems and acoustics, making it a valuable tool for analyzing complex wave dynamics. Additionally, we investigate bifurcation and modulation instability within this equation, employing the improved Sardar subequation method and the

ℛ

′

ℛ

,

1

ℛ

\left(\phantom{\rule[-0.75em]{}{0ex}},\frac{{ {\mathcal R} }^{^{\prime} }}{ {\mathcal R} },\frac{1}{ {\mathcal R} }\right)

method to derive solitary wave solutions. These methods yield a diverse range of waveforms – hyperbolic, trigonometric, and rational functions – validated rigorously using Mathematica software for accuracy. Graphical representations vividly display various soliton patterns, such as singular, multi-singular, periodic singular, kink, anti-kink, bell-shaped, Kuznetsov–Ma Breather, and parabolic-shaped, highlighting their effectiveness in revealing innovative solutions. Furthermore, a comparative analysis verified the novelty of our derived soliton solutions. This research significantly contributes to advancing soliton solutions for the Sakovich equation, promising diverse applications across scientific disciplines.
Precipitation reconstruction of a diffusion brazed austenite joint with Ni-filler
Authors: Otto J.L. , Sönmez M.I. , Brink M. , Donnerbauer K. , Lingnau L.A. , Reisch-Lang L. , Wojarski L. , Walther F. 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
The paper will explain the formation and effects of brittle precipitates in form of borides and silicides during high-temperature vacuum diffusion brazing on the example of a nickel-based filler metal from the NiCrSiB system. This filler metal foil was used to braze butt joints of the metastable austenite AISI 304L. Energy and wavelength dispersive X-ray spectroscopy was applied to identify the precipitates. Using a focused ion beam in scanning electron microscopy, the brazed joint was removed layer by layer over a large area to gain insights into the 3D structure of the precipitates. Subsequently, a methodology will be presented on how to reconstruct a 3D model from the image data using deep learning-based image segmentation. The final model unravels the complex morphology of these precipitates and thus contributes to a better understanding of the solidification and precipitation mechanisms in diffusion brazing.
Preparation of very thin wires and foils
Authors: Weichert S. , Schulz I. , Steffen R. , Katrakova-Krüger D. 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
The metallographic revelation of the microstructure of very thin wires and foils is a challenging task. How can a cross-section and a longitudinal section be prepared from a 36 μm thin wire? Or how can a flat section of a weld on 125 μm thin Nitinol sheets be successfully prepared? The preparation is to always allow for representing the crystal orientation by EBSD. Can this be achieved relying on the classical preparation of sections or do newer methods have to be used? This article presents the possibilities of a classical preparation and ion beam polishing.
Nachhaltige Finanzierung der gesetzlichen Rentenversicherung durch inter- und intragenerative Umverteilung – ein Reformvorschlag als Generationenkompromiss
Authors: Seuffert Stefan , Toussaint Philipp 
Published: November 2024

Zusammenfassung
Der demografische Wandel löst in der gesetzlichen Rentenversicherung einen Generationenkonflikt aus, der sich zwischen einem ausreichenden Leistungsniveau und tragbaren Beitragssätzen zeigt. Die aktuelle deutsche Rentenpolitik fokussiert sich hauptsächlich auf die Leistungsseite und bewirkt eine ausschließlich intergenerative Aufteilung der demografischen Belastung, die zunehmend zu Ungunsten junger und künftiger Generationen ausgestaltet ist. Stefan Seuffert und Philipp Toussaint untersuchen Reformoptionen zur Lastenverteilung auf inter- und intragenerativer Ebene und unterbreiten einen Reformvorschlag, der in den Zielkonflikten zwischen Beitrags- und Leistungsstabilität sowie zwischen Äquivalenzprinzip und Grundsicherungswirkung Kompromisslösungen erlaubt. Ein nachhaltigkeitsneutraler Sockelschutz bewirkt eine intragenerative Umverteilung zum effektiven Schutz vor Altersarmut ohne Veränderung der intergenerativen Lastenteilung. Die intragenerative Umverteilung eines solchen Sockelschutzes von 28 Entgeltpunkten ist zur Stützung der Rentengrundsicherungsquote mehr als fünfmal so effektiv wie die intergenerative Umverteilung von 432 Milliarden Euro durch eine Rentenniveauhalteline von 48 Prozent.
Thermogravimetric (TG/DTG) characterization of cold-pressed oil blends and Saccharomyces cerevisiae-based microcapsules obtained with them
Authors: Ostrowska-Ligęza Ewa , Cichocki Wojciech , Baranowska Hanna Maria , Kowalczewski Przemysław Łukasz 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
The aim of this study was to develop yeast-based microcapsules (YBMCs) containing vegetable oil blends with n3/n6 fatty acids in a ratio of 5:1. The oil blends, as well as YBMCs with these oils, were analyzed in nitrogen and oxygen. The shape and course of the TG and DTG curves were observed for yeast cells with all types of oil blends. No differences were observed in shape because of the microencapsulation curves with all oil blends between YMBCs prepared using native and autolyzed yeast. The results show that the yeast cells could be used as efficient microcarriers for the encapsulation of cold-pressed oils in order to provide thermal stable ingredients for the food industry.
Hayek e Darwin em oposição a Nietzsche da crítica à ideia de evolução social
Authors: Perboni Viviane 
Published: November 2024

O presente artigo tem a intenção de explicitar através das obras do filósofo austríaco Friedrich Hayek a sua defesa em relação a sua ideia de ordem espontânea (aqui explicitadas no sentido de evolução humana) onde o autor busca embasamento a sua defesa nas teorias darwinistas, pensamentos esses (Hayek e Darwin) que são avessos à leitura niilista da história, da moral, da sociedade e da política, e que serão abordadas através da análise do parágrafo: "Anti-Darwin" da obra Crepúsculo dos Ídolos, cap. IX, Incursões de um extemporâneo. Sob um enfoque de diferentes concepções de analisar a evolução do homem em sociedade aqui demostradas através de (Hayek/Darwin versus Nietzsche) o presente trabalho vem a propor uma "análise sobre a evolução das sociedades" através de uma perspectiva liberal e “jus filosófica" procurando mostrar que é possível uma outra leitura da evolução da sociedade e da política, diferente da de Nietzsche.
ПЕРВАЯ ССЫЛКА ЕПИСКОПА ЛУКИ (ВОЙНО-ЯСЕНЕЦКОГО) В 1924 Г. В СИБИРЬ. О МЕСТЕ ПРОЖИВАНИЯ СВЯТИТЕЛЯ В ЕНИСЕЙСКЕ
Authors: С.В. КОЖЕВНИКОВ 
Published: November 2024

В статье изложены результаты анализа по определению точного места проживания известного иерарха Русской Православной Церкви - епископа Луки (хирурга В.Ф. Войно-Ясенецкого) (1877-1961) в период его первой ссылки в Сибирь в город Енисейск в 1924 г. Рассмотрено решение этого вопроса историками, краеведами и биографами В.Ф. Войно-Ясенецкого, которые занимались изучением его жизни и деятельности в течение последних десятилетий. На основании полученной информации и в большей степени благодаря тому, что автором обнаружено ключевое свидетельство участника Гражданской и Великой Отечественной войн, преподавателя, жителя Енисейска Г.Г. Башурова о доме в г. Енисейске, в котором проживал В.Ф. Войно-Ясенецкий в 1924 г., этот вопрос был решен окончательно. Статья будет полезна историкам и краеведам, исследующим жизненный путь святителя Луки (Войно-Ясенецкого) в сибирских ссылках.
The article examines in detail the exact place of residence of Archbishop Luka (surgeon V.F. Voino-Yasenetskiy), the famous Hierarch of the Russian Orthodox Church, during his first Siberian exile in Yeniseisk in 1924. The author considers how historians and biographers of V.F. Voino-Yasenetskiy engaged in the study of his life and work in the last decades have dealt with this issue. Based on the received information and, more importantly, on the testimony about the house where V.F. Voino-Yasenetskiy lived in 1924 made by G.G. Bashurov, who was a participant of the Civil and Great Patriotic War, a teacher and a Yeniseisk resident, this issue has been settled. The article will be useful for historians researching St. Luka’s (Voino-Yasenetskiy) life.
Performance of AAP CPG for Ineligible Well-Appearing Febrile Infants Aged 8–60 Days
Authors: Knudson Melissa J. , Yaeger Jeffrey P. 
Published: November 2024

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES
The AAP’s Clinical Practice Guidelines (CPG) for febrile infants provides recommendations in evaluating well-appearing febrile infants aged 8–60 days at risk for invasive bacterial infections (IBIs; ie, bacteremia and bacterial meningitis). However, guidance remains limited for the infants excluded from (ie, ineligible for) the CPG. The objectives are to estimate the proportion of well-appearing CPG-ineligible febrile infants and to examine CPG performance in detecting IBIs for CPG-ineligible febrile infants.

METHODS
We performed a secondary analysis of single-site data collected for a prior study from 2011 to 2018. Infants were included if they were 8–60 days and well-appearing. We stratified IBI risk using age and CPG inflammatory marker thresholds for temperature, absolute neutrophil count, and C-reactive protein. We conducted analyses on CPG-ineligible infants and CPG-eligible infants. We estimated the areas under the receiver operating characteristics curve, sensitivity, and specificity of both approaches in detecting IBIs.

RESULTS
Of 648 infants, 22% did not meet CPG eligibility. Sensitivities for both analyses were 100% with specificities for CPG-ineligible and eligible of 38.1% (95% CI, 30–47) and 38.2% (95% CI, 33.9–42.6), respectively.

CONCLUSIONS
Strict adherence to the CPG may result in a substantial proportion of ineligible infants. Findings suggest that CPG-based approaches can maintain high sensitivities for all febrile infants, including CPG-ineligible infants. Future studies should examine the contribution of specific conditions (eg, preterm birth) to IBI risk.
Structure–property predictions in metallic glasses: Insights from data-driven atomistic simulations
Authors: Arumugam Kumar Gokul Raman , Arora Kanika , Aggarwal Manish , Swayamjyoti S. , Singh Param Punj , Sahu Kisor Kumar , Ranganathan Raghavan 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
The field of metallic glasses has been an active area of research owing to the complex structure–property correlations and intricacies surrounding glass formation and relaxation. This review provides a thorough examination of significant works that elucidate the structure–property correlations of metallic glasses, derived from detailed atomistic simulations coupled with data-driven approaches. The review starts with the theoretical and fundamental framework for understanding important properties of metallic glasses such as transition temperatures, relaxation phenomena, the potential energy landscape, structural features such as soft spots and shear transformation zones, atomic stiffness and structural correlations. The need to understand these concepts for leveraging metallic glasses for a wide range of applications such as performance under tensile loading, viscoelastic properties, relaxation behavior and shock loading is also elucidated. Finally, the use of machine learning algorithms in predicting the properties of metallic glasses along with their applications, limitations and scope for future work is presented.

Graphical abstract
A systematic review of anchorage loss in distalization appliances: Current evidence and clinical implications
Authors: Malik Mayank Arvind , K. Mahindra Rajan , Mohode Rakesh 
Published: November 2024

A comprehensive search of key databases, including MEDLINE/PubMed, Scopus, Cochrane, and EMBASE. Studies published from the year 2000 to 2023 were considered with no language restriction. Aim was to include all the recent studies to make this review more relevant to current paradigm of orthodontic distalization mechanics. Relevant keywords were used, and risk of bias evaluated for included studies. Adults or adolescent patients exhibiting Angle’s Class II molar relationship formed the study population with a minimum sample size of 10 patients. Patients with periodontal compromise and those treated with mini-plates and extraoral appliances were excluded. Various distalization appliances including mini-screw supported appliances were examined. This systematic review aimed with the primary goal to analyse recent evidence on anchorage loss, amount of distalization, distal tipping in distalization appliances A search across databases yielded a total of 284 records. Additionally, 17 records were identified through other sources, resulting in a combined pool of 301 records. 11 studies met the inclusion criteria and were included in this review. The studies include both the conventional distalization appliances as well as the skeletally anchored appliances. Qualitative analysis and results of the included studies have been highlighted. Bone-anchored supported distalization appliances were found to offer significant advantages over conventional appliances in terms of better anchorage control, reduced treatment time and favourability in critical anchorage cases. Modification of pendulum and distal jet appliances by incorporation of micro implants significantly preserves anchorage and reduces overall treatment time
Successful Management of Open Calcaneum Fractures With Composite Bone and Soft Tissue Loss
Authors: Dheenadhayalan J. , Agraharam Devendra , Chandramohan Arunkamal , Venkatramani Hari , Rajasabapathy S. , Rajasekaran S. 
Published: November 2024

Case:
We report three male patients, ages 20, 22, and 54 years, who sustained open calcaneus fractures following a road traffic accident with a major composite bone and soft tissue loss salvaged successfully, with a minimum follow-up of 2 years. Wound debridement and an ankle-spanning external fixator were initially applied, followed by a free microvascular flap cover. After the flap healed, the ankle joint was fused and spanned with bridge plating. All 3 cases achieved fusion with foot plantigrade with a mean American Orthopaedic Foot and Ankle Society score of 76.

Conclusion:
A combined orthoplastic approach in 3 stages is a good salvage option in complex calcaneal fractures.