bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Medicaid coverage continuity is associated with lymphoma stage among children and adolescents/young adults
Authors: Zhang Xinyue Elyse , Castellino Sharon M. , Yabroff K. Robin , Stock Wendy , Cornwell Patricia , Bai Shasha , Mertens Ann C. , Lipscomb Joseph , Ji Xu 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
Lymphoma is the third leading cause of cancer among children and adolescents/young adults (AYAs) in the United States, with later-stage diagnoses often being linked to worse outcomes. Continuous health insurance coverage is crucial for facilitating early cancer detection and diagnosis. Among Medicaid-insured children and AYAs diagnosed with lymphoma, this study examines whether the timing of Medicaid enrollment and coverage continuity are associated with stage at diagnosis. Using the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results–Medicaid data, we identified children and AYAs (aged 0-39 years) newly diagnosed with lymphoma between 2007 and 2013 in 12 states that were linked to the administrative Medicaid data. Medicaid enrollment patterns were categorized into continuous Medicaid (preceding and through diagnosis), newly gained Medicaid (at or shortly after diagnosis), and other Medicaid enrollment patterns. Late-stage disease was defined as Ann Arbor stage IV (vs stage I-III). Multiple logistic regressions were estimated, with marginal effects (MEs) reported. Of 3524 patients identified, 37.8% had continuous Medicaid, followed by newly gained Medicaid (35.2%) and other Medicaid enrollment patterns (27.0%). Compared with patients continuously enrolled in Medicaid, those with newly gained Medicaid and with other Medicaid enrollment patterns were 54% (ME, 13.9 percentage points [ppt]; 95% confidence interval [CI], 8.5-19.2; P &lt; .001) and 18% (ME, 4.6 ppt; 95% CI, 2.2-7.0; P &lt; .001) more likely to present with stage IV lymphoma, respectively. Overall, having continuous Medicaid coverage before diagnosis was associated with a lower likelihood of late-stage lymphoma at diagnosis; however, only 3 in 8 Medicaid-insured children and AYAs with lymphoma were continuously enrolled in Medicaid before their diagnosis.
The COVID-19 pandemic and firms’ E-learning use: implications for inequality in training opportunities
Authors: Müller Christoph 
Published: November 2024

AbstractThis paper investigates whether the adoption of E-learning by firms contributed to offset the decrease in firm-sponsored training during the COVID-19 pandemic. Using a novel firm level survey linked with administrative data on the universe of workers within those firms, I study the role of E-learning in firms’ training activities during the crisis. I find that the COVID-19 pandemic substantially decreased firm-sponsored training by up to 11 percentage points. However, firms’ ability to use E-learning nullifies this negative effect. Furthermore, the differential capabilities of firms to apply E-learning might exacerbate already prevalent inequalities in training opportunities.
Genetically modified E. Coli secreting melanin (E.melanin) activates the astrocytic PSAP-GPR37L1 pathway and mitigates the pathogenesis of Parkinson’s disease
Authors: Kong Weixian , Liu Yu , Ai Pu , Bi Yong , Wei Chaoguang , Guo Xiaoyang , Cai Zhenyu , Gao Ge , Hu Peng , Zheng Jialin , Liu Jianhui , Huo Minfeng , Guan Yuting , Wu Qihui 
Published: November 2024

AbstractThe characteristic neuropathology of Parkinson’s disease (PD) involves the abnormal accumulation of phosphorylated α-synuclein (αSyn), as well as a significant decrease in neuromelanin (NM) levels within dopamine neurons (DaNs). Unlike αSyn aggregates, the relationship between NM levels and PD pathogenesis is not well understood. In this study, we engineered an E. coli MG1655 strain to produce exosomes containing melanin (E.melanin), and investigated its potential neuroprotective effects on DaNs in the context of PD. By employing a combination of cell cultures, biochemical studies, single nuclear RNA sequencing (snRNA seq), and various in vivo validations, we found that administration of E.melanin effectively alleviated DaNs loss and improved motor behavior impairments observed in both pharmacological and transgenic PD mouse models. Mechanistically, snRNA seq data suggested that E.melanin activated the PSAP-GPR37L1 signaling pathway specifically within astrocytes, leading to a reduction in astrocytic engulfment of synapses. Notably, activation of the GPR37L1 receptor using Tx14(A) peptide successfully rescued motor defects as well as protected against DaNs degeneration in mice with PD. Overall, our findings provide novel insights into understanding the molecular mechanisms underlying melanin’s protective effects on DaNs in PD while offering potential strategies for manipulating and treating its pathophysiological progression.
Shedding of membrane complement inhibitors CD59 and CD46 into the circulation is associated with poor prognosis in acute coronary syndrome patients: a cohort study
Authors: Zhong Baojun , King Ben , Waziri Homa , Yndigegn Troels , Engelbertsen Daniel , Björkbacka Harry , Nilsson Jan , Goncalves Isabel , Blom Anna M. , Schiopu Alexandru 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
Introduction
The role of the complement inhibitory proteins CD46 and CD59 in the immune response to an acute coronary syndrome (ACS) is unknown. We investigated the relationships between the shedding of CD46 and CD59 into the circulation, reflected by plasma levels of soluble CD46 and CD59, and the risk for post-ACS complications.

Methods
We measured plasma sCD46 and sCD59 in a cohort of 546 ACS patients within 24 h after hospital admission, and after 6-weeks in a subgroup of 114 patients. Study outcomes were incident heart failure (HF), major adverse cardiovascular events (MACE) and mortality during a median follow-up period of up to 3.3 years. Echocardiography at 1-year was performed in the follow-up subgroup.

Results
Elevated sCD46 and sCD59 were correlated with increased levels of inflammatory mediators and metalloproteinases in plasma, and were associated with increased risk for MACE in Cox proportional hazard models adjusted for cardiovascular risk factors and revascularization [HR 95% CI 1.24 (1.02–1.52), p = 0.034 for sCD46 and 1.18 (1.00–1.38), p = 0.049 for sCD59]. Elevated sCD59 was also associated with higher incidence of HF [HR 95% CI 1.41 (1.15–1.74), p = 0.001], and with lower left ventricular ejection fraction at 1-year post-ACS (Spearman r = − 0.234, p = 0.020). We found no associations between plasma levels of the proteins at 6 weeks and outcomes.

Conclusions
Shedding of the complement regulators CD46 and CD59 in plasma in the acute phase of ACS is associated with a negative prognosis. Plasma sCD46 and sCD59 could reflect the degree of local immune activation and serve as prognostic biomarkers in ACS patients.
SYMPATHIQUE: image-based tracking of symptoms and monitoring of pathogenesis to decompose quantitative disease resistance in the field
Authors: Anderegg Jonas , Zenkl Radek , Kirchgessner Norbert , Hund Andreas , Walter Achim , McDonald Bruce A. 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
Background
Quantitative disease resistance (QR) is a complex, dynamic trait that is most reliably quantified in field-grown crops. Traditional disease assessments offer limited potential to disentangle the contributions of different components to overall QR at critical crop developmental stages. Yet, a better functional understanding of QR could greatly support a more targeted, knowledge-based selection for QR and improve predictions of seasonal epidemics. Image-based approaches together with advanced image processing methodologies recently emerged as valuable tools to standardize relevant disease assessments, increase measurement throughput, and describe diseases along multiple dimensions.

Results
We present a simple, affordable, and easy-to-operate imaging set-up and imaging procedure for in-field acquisition of wheat leaf image sequences. The development of Septoria tritici blotch and leaf rusts was monitored over time via robust methods for symptom detection and segmentation, spatial alignment of images, symptom tracking, and leaf- and symptom characterization. The average accuracy of the spatial alignment of images in a time series was approximately 5 pixels (~ 0.15 mm). Leaf-level symptom counts as well as individual symptom property measurements revealed stable patterns over time that were generally in excellent agreement with visual impressions. This provided strong evidence for the robustness of the methodology to variability typically inherent in field data. Contrasting patterns in the number of lesions resulting from separate infection events and lesion expansion dynamics were observed across wheat genotypes. The number of separate infection events and average lesion size contributed to different degrees to overall disease intensity, possibly indicating distinct and complementary mechanisms of QR.

Conclusions
The proposed methodology enables rapid, non-destructive, and reproducible measurement of several key epidemiological parameters under field conditions. Such data can support decomposition and functional understanding of QR as well as the parameterization, fine-tuning, and validation of epidemiological models. Details of pathogenesis can translate into specific symptom phenotypes resolvable using time series of high-resolution RGB images, which may improve biological understanding of plant-pathogen interactions as well as interactions in disease complexes.
The 5-year outcomes of a health-empowerment program on low-income children’s behaviors and quality of life
Authors: Lu Fangcao , Wong Carlos King Ho , Tse Emily Tsui Yee , Ng Amy Pui Pui , Li Lanlan , Bedford Laura , Fong Daniel Yee Tak , Ip Patrick , Lam Cindy Lo Kuen 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
Background
This study aims to evaluate the 5-year impact of a Health Empowerment Program (HEP) on mitigating problematic conducts and enhancing the health-related quality of life (HRQOL) among children living in poverty.

Methods
A prospective cohort study (N = 239, Intervention group: n = 124, Comparison group: n = 115) was established with participants recruited between July 2013 and March 2016 and followed until November 2021. During the 5-year study period, children and their parents from the intervention group were invited to join a multi-dimensional HEP. At baseline and follow-up, both intervention and comparison groups were assessed using the Chinese Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaire (SDQ) and Chinese Child Health Questionnaire Parent Form 28 (CHQ-PF28). Multiple linear regressions were conducted to identify changes in outcome variables as the effect of the HEP.

Results
Upon completion of the 5-year follow-up, children in the intervention group showed a larger decline in conduct problems (B = − 0.66, p <.001), hyperactivity inattention (B = − 0.67, p =.005), and total difficulties score (B = − 1.89, p =.002) of SDQ, a greater increase in prosocial behavior of SDQ (B = 0.53, p =.040), and more substantial enhancement in CHQ-PF28’s psychosocial summary score (B = 2.75, p =.017) compared to the comparison group.

Conclusions
HEP is effective in mitigating behavioral problems and improving psychosocial HRQOL of children of low-income families, as evident by this 5-year cohort study.
Trial Registration: This study received approval (UW 12–517) from the Institutional Review Board of the University of Hong Kong/Hospital Authority Hong Kong West Cluster.
Association between changes in adherence to the 24-hour movement guidelines with depression and anxiety symptoms among Chinese adolescents: a prospective population-based study
Authors: Wu Herui , Lin Yi-fan , Yang Liwen , Lai Wenjian , Li Yanzhi , Xu Ye , Wang Wanxin , Yang Lei , Lu Ciyong , Yan Bin 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
Background
The 24-hour movement guidelines (24-HMG) include screen time (ST), sleep duration, and physical activity. Previous studies have explored the associations of adherence to the 24-HMG with depression and anxiety symptoms among adolescents, ignoring changes in behaviors. This study aimed to examine whether changes in adherence to the 24-HMG were associated with depression and anxiety symptoms among adolescents.

Methods
We recruited adolescents from Shenzhen, China in 2021 and followed them up 1 year later. Changes in adherence to the individual 24-HMG were categorized into four groups: persistent non-adherence, adherence to non-adherence, non-adherence to adherence, and persistent adherence. Changes in the numbers of adherence to the overall 24-HMG were obtained by subtracting the number of guidelines adhered to in wave 2 from that in wave 1.

Results
We included 12,570 participants aged 9–18 years with 52.2% boys. Compared with persistent non-adherence for the ST/sleep duration guideline, non-adherence to adherence and persistent adherence were associated with lower depression and anxiety symptoms, but adherence to non-adherence was not. Changes in adherence to the physical activity guideline were not related to outcomes. The β coefficients (95% CIs) for each point increase in changes in the numbers of adherence to guidelines were − 0.58 (− 0.69, − 0.47) and − 0.43 (− 0.53, − 0.33) for depression and anxiety symptoms, respectively. The association of persistently adhering to sleep guideline with anxiety symptoms and the associations of changes in the numbers of adherence to the 24-HMG had sex differences.

Conclusions
Maintaining and strengthening healthy movement behaviors to meet more guidelines of the 24-HMG, especially sleep and ST, may be beneficial for preventing depression and anxiety symptoms in adolescents.
Prehospital ultrasound constitutes a potential distraction from the observation of critically ill patients: a prospective simulation study
Authors: van der Geest Yael , Marengo Luca , Albrecht Roland , Buehler Philipp K. , Wendel-Garcia Pedro D. , Hofmaenner Daniel A. , Pietsch Urs 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
Background
Prehospital point-of-care ultrasound allows an unstable patient to be rapidly and accurately assessed. However, we are concerned that an excessive focus on the ultrasound device, in an already demanding emergency medical service environment, may distract from patient care, potentially leading to reduced situational awareness and the neglect of other crucial instruments, such as the patient monitor. Thus, in this study, we examined the influence of prehospital ultrasound on situational awareness, by studying the degree to which physicians were distracted from the patient monitor.

Methods
We observed HEMS physicians in a simulated setting and analysed their gaze behaviour using an eye tracker placed on three areas of interests: the ultrasound device, the patient and the patient monitor. In the course of the experiment, the simulated patient desaturated, which was presented on the patient monitor. The primary outcome was the fraction of gaze distribution across the three areas of interest, while secondary outcomes were different gaze metrics (dwell time, revisits, average duration of visual intake and entry time) on the patient monitor. We then compared the participants who noticed the patient’s deterioration with those who did not.

Results
In 75% of cases, the severely decreased oxygen saturation went unnoticed during the test. Moreover, the gaze distribution of the two groups differed, with the group that recognised the deterioration focusing longer on the patient monitor (7.8% (95% CI 5–10.7) vs 0.1% (95% CI 0–0.3), p: 0.124).

Conclusions
The task of performing an ultrasound examination appears to overwhelm some participants and distract them from other aspects of the scenario. Efforts to mitigate distractions and optimise the use of prehospital ultrasound, such as education, a focus on human factors aspects and standardisation, are crucial for maximising the potential benefits of prehospital ultrasound.
DNA methylation classifier to diagnose pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma metastases from different anatomical sites
Authors: Calina Teodor G. , Perez Eilís , Grafenhorst Elena , Benhamida Jamal , Schallenberg Simon , Popescu Adrian , Koch Ines , Janik Tobias , Chen BaoQing , Ihlow Jana , Roessler Stephanie , Goeppert Benjamin , Sinn Bruno , Bahra Marcus , Calin George A. , Taube Eliane T. , Pelzer Uwe , Neumann Christopher C. M. , Horst David , Knutsen Erik , Capper David , Dragomir Mihnea P. 
Published: November 2024

Abstract

Background
We have recently constructed a DNA methylation classifier that can discriminate between pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PAAD) liver metastasis and intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma (iCCA) with high accuracy (PAAD-iCCA-Classifier). PAAD is one of the leading causes of cancer of unknown primary and diagnosis is based on exclusion of other malignancies. Therefore, our focus was to investigate whether the PAAD-iCCA-Classifier can be used to diagnose PAAD metastases from other sites.

Methods
For this scope, the anomaly detection filter of the initial classifier was expanded by 8 additional mimicker carcinomas, amounting to a total of 10 carcinomas in the negative class. We validated the updated version of the classifier on a validation set, which consisted of a biological cohort (n = 3579) and a technical one (n = 15). We then assessed the performance of the classifier on a test set, which included a positive control cohort of 16 PAAD metastases from various sites and a cohort of 124 negative control samples consisting of 96 breast cancer metastases from 18 anatomical sites and 28 carcinoma metastases to the brain.

Results
The updated PAAD-iCCA-Classifier achieved 98.21% accuracy on the biological validation samples, and on the technical validation ones it reached 100%. The classifier also correctly identified 15/16 (93.75%) metastases of the positive control as PAAD, and on the negative control, it correctly classified 122/124 samples (98.39%) for a 97.85% overall accuracy on the test set. We used this DNA methylation dataset to explore the organotropism of PAAD metastases and observed that PAAD liver metastases are distinct from PAAD peritoneal carcinomatosis and primary PAAD, and are characterized by specific copy number alterations and hypomethylation of enhancers involved in epithelial-mesenchymal-transition.

Conclusions
The updated PAAD-iCCA-Classifier (available at https://classifier.tgc-research.de/) can accurately classify PAAD samples from various metastatic sites and it can serve as a diagnostic aid.
Open sternal fracture with bilateral dislocation of the sternoclavicular joints after a high-speed bicycle accident: a case report
Authors: Prangenberg Christian , Zellner Alberto Alfieri , Roos Jonas , Zalepugas Donatas , Ossendorff Robert , Ben Amar Soufian , Cucchi Davide , Scheidt Sebastian 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
Background
Only a few cases of bilateral traumatic sternoclavicular dislocations have been reported in the literature. This injury is considered one of the rarest injuries of the human musculoskeletal system. Therefore, we present the first documented case of a cyclist with a third-degree open thoracic trauma (Gustilo–Anderson 3a) associated with a dislocated manubrium sterni fracture in the upper thoracic aperture, bilateral anterior dislocations of the sternoclavicular joints, rib fractures, and pleural ruptures.

Case presentation
The patient, a 27-year-old Caucasian male, incurred this injury while participating in a professional cycling race at Nürburgring, Germany and received immediate interdisciplinary surgical treatment and has encountered no complications. We conducted a 1-year follow-up and present the clinical findings of this follow up. Additionally, we conducted a comprehensive review of the existing literature on this injury.

Conclusions
Immediate interdisciplinary intervention, including surgical repair and meticulous postoperative care, facilitated successful patient recovery. This underscores the critical role of comprehensive trauma management in complex polytrauma cases. In conclusion, this case report highlights the rarity and complexity of a traumatic injury involving bilateral sternoclavicular dislocation, with this case being the first case reported with concomitant open thorax trauma. Our patient benefited greatly from immediate air-bound transportation to an interdisciplinary care provider, which houses both thoracic and trauma surgery departments.
Knockdown of hepatic mitochondrial calcium uniporter mitigates MASH and fibrosis in mice
Authors: Li Shuyu , Chen Fangyuan , Liu Min , Zhang Yajun , Xu Jingjing , Li Xi , Shang Zhiyin , Huang Shaoping , Song Shu , Tu Chuantao 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
Background
Mitochondrial calcium uniporter (MCU) plays pleiotropic roles in cellular physiology and pathology that contributes to a variety of diseases, but the role and potential mechanism of MCU in the pathogenesis of metabolic dysfunction-associated steatohepatitis (MASH) remain poorly understood.

Methods and results
Here, hepatic knockdown of MCU in C57BL/6J mice was achieved by tail vein injection of AAV8-mediated the CRISPR/Cas9. Mice were fed a Choline-deficient, L-amino acid-defined high-fat diet (CDAHFD) for 8 weeks to induce MASH and fibrosis. We find that expression of MCU enhanced in MASH livers of humans and mice. MCU knockdown robustly limits lipid droplet accumulation, steatosis, inflammation, and hepatocyte apoptotic death during MASH development both in vivo in mice and in vitro in cellular models. MCU-deficient mice strikingly mitigate MASH-related fibrosis. Moreover, the protective effects of MCU knockdown against MASH progression are accompanied by a reduced level of mitochondrial calcium, limiting hepatic oxidative stress, and attenuating mitochondrial dysfunction. Mechanically, RNA sequencing analysis and protein immunoblotting indicate that knockdown MCU inhibited the Hippo/YAP pathway activation and restored the AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK) activity during MASH development both in vitro and in vivo.

Conclusions
MCU is up-regulated in MASH livers in humans and mice; and hepatic MCU knockdown protects against diet-induced MASH and fibrosis in mice. Thus, targeting MCU may represent a novel therapeutic strategy for MASH and fibrosis.

Graphical Abstract
Angiopoietin-2 as a prognostic biomarker in septic adult patients: a systemic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Zhuo Mengke , Fu Sifeng , Chi Yawen , Li Xinghua , Li Sirui , Ma Xiaochun , Li Xu 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
Background
The impairment of endothelial function represents a key pathophysiological mechanism in the development of sepsis. This research aimed to evaluate the prognostic significance of angiopoietin-2 (Ang-2), an endothelial biomarker, in predicting mortality in sepsis patients.

Methods
Chinese and English studies were systematically retrieved in PubMed, Cochrane Library, Embase, WanFang, CNKI, CQVIP, and CBM databases up to July 16, 2023. We conducted a study selection established upon predefined inclusion and exclusion criteria and used the Newcastle-Ottawa scale (NOS) to assess its quality. We extracted available data from the included studies for data analysis.

Results
The final inclusion comprised 33 studies with 4703 participants. According to the NOS, one study was of medium quality, while the rest were of high quality. In comparison to survivors, the levels of Ang-2 in non-survivors were markedly elevated [standardized mean difference (SMD) = 1.08, 95% confidence intervals (CI) 0.68–1.49, P < 0.001], and the same results were also observed in the subgroup that met sepsis 3.0 diagnosis criteria (SMD = 0.63, 95% CI 0.11–1.14, P = 0.017). The results comparing Ang-2 levels between non-survivors and survivors were independent of duration of follow-up, sample sources, type of study, and region. Ang-2 was a risk factor for mortality [odds ratios (OR) = 1.16, 95% CI 1.09–1.23, P < 0.001]. Ang-2 was demonstrated to be able to predict mortality in septic adult patients [area under the curve (AUC) = 0.76, 95% CI 0.70–0.82, P < 0.001].

Conclusions
Ang-2 level was positively correlated with risk of death in sepsis patients. Ang-2 might be a useful and valuable biomarker for predicting mortality in septic adult patients.