bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Genomic epidemiology of Chikungunya virus in Colombia reveals genetic variability of strains and multiple geographic introductions in outbreak, 2014
Authors: Villero-Wolf Yeneiris , Mattar Salim , Puerta-González Andrés , Arrieta German , Muskus Carlos , Hoyos Richard , Pinzon Hernando , Peláez-Carvajal Dioselina 
Published: July 2019

AbstractChikungunya virus (CHIKV) is considered a public health problem due to its rapid spread and high morbidity. This study aimed to determine the genetic diversity and phylogenetic relationships of CHIKVs in Colombia. A descriptive and retrospective study was carried out using sera of patients infected with Chikungunya during the outbreak in Colombia. The whole genomes of CHIKV (n = 16) were sequenced with an Illumina Hi-seq 2500 and were assembled using the Iterative Virus Assembler software. A Bayesian inference phylogenetic analysis was carried out with 157 strains of worldwide origin. The Colombian CHIKV sequences were grouped in the Asian genotype; however, three independent phylogenetic subclades were observed, probably the result of three separate introductions from Panama, Nicaragua, and St. Barts. Each subclade showed several different non-synonymous mutations (nsP2-A153V; nsp2-Y543H; nsp2-G720A; nsP3-L458P; Capside R78Q), that may have functional consequences for CHIKV biology and pathogenesis. These same mutations may affect the efficacy of potential CHIKV vaccines.
A millennium-long reconstruction of damaging hydrological events across Italy
Authors: Diodato Nazzareno , Ljungqvist Fredrik Charpentier , Bellocchi Gianni 
Published: July 2019

AbstractDamaging hydrological events are extreme phenomena with potentially severe impacts on human societies. Here, we present the hitherto longest reconstruction of damaging hydrological events for Italy, and for the whole Mediterranean region, revealing 674 such events over the period 800–2017. For any given year, we established a severity index based on information in historical documentary records, facilitating the transformation of the data into a continuous time-series. Episodes of hydrological extremes disrupted ecosystems during the more severe events by changing landforms. The frequency and severity of damaging hydrological events across Italy were likely influenced by the mode of the Atlantic Multidecadal Variability (AMV), with relatively few events during the warm Medieval Climate Anomaly dominated by a positive phase of the AMV. More frequent and heavier storms prevailed during the cold Little Ice Age, dominated by a more negative phase of the AMV. Since the mid-19th century, a decreasing occurrence of exceptional hydrological events is evident, especially during the most recent decades, but this decrease is not yet unprecedented in the context of the past twelve centuries.
Structural characterization of life-extending Caenorhabditis elegans Lipid Binding Protein 8
Authors: Tillman Matthew C. , Khadka Manoj , Duffy Jonathon , Wang Meng C. , Ortlund Eric A. 
Published: July 2019

AbstractThe lysosome plays a crucial role in the regulation of longevity. Lysosomal degradation is tightly coupled with autophagy that is induced by many longevity paradigms and required for lifespan extension. The lysosome also serves as a hub for signal transduction and regulates longevity via affecting nuclear transcription. One lysosome-to-nucleus retrograde signaling pathway is mediated by a lysosome-associated fatty acid binding protein LBP-8 in Caenorhabditis elegans. LBP-8 shuttles lysosomal lipids into the nucleus to activate lipid regulated nuclear receptors NHR-49 and NHR-80 and consequently promote longevity. However, the structural basis of LBP-8 action remains unclear. Here, we determined the first 1.3 Å high-resolution structure of this life-extending protein LBP-8, which allowed us to identify a structurally conserved nuclear localization signal and amino acids involved in lipid binding. Additionally, we described the range of fatty acids LBP-8 is capable of binding and show that it binds to life-extending ligands in worms such as oleic acid and oleoylethanolamide with high affinity.
Frequent Prescribed Fires Can Reduce Risk of Tick-borne Diseases
Authors: Gleim Elizabeth R. , Zemtsova Galina E. , Berghaus Roy D. , Levin Michael L. , Conner Mike , Yabsley Michael J. 
Published: July 2019

AbstractRecently, a two-year study found that long-term prescribed fire significantly reduced tick abundance at sites with varying burn regimes (burned surrounded by burned areas [BB], burned surrounded by unburned areas [BUB], and unburned surrounded by burned areas [UBB]). In the current study, these ticks were tested for pathogens to more directly investigate the impacts of long-term prescribed burning on human disease risk. A total of 5,103 ticks (4,607 Amblyomma americanum, 76 Amblyomma maculatum, 383Ixodes scapularis, twoIxodes brunneus, and 35Dermacentor variabilis) were testedfor Borreliaspp.,Rickettsiaspp.,Ehrlichiaspp., andAnaplasma phagocytophilum. Long-term prescribed fire did not significantly impact pathogen prevalence except thatA. americanumfrom burned habitats had significantly lower prevalence ofRickettsia(8.7% and 4.6% for BUB and UBB sites, respectively) compared to ticks from control sites (unburned, surrounded by unburned [UBUB])(14.6%). However, during the warm season (spring/summer), encounter rates with ticks infected with pathogenic bacteria was significantly lower (98%) at burned sites than at UBUB sites. Thus, despite there being no differences in pathogen prevalence between burned and UBUB sites, risk of pathogen transmission is lower at sites subjected to long-term burning due to lower encounter rates with infected ticks.
Community Detection on Networks with Ricci Flow
Authors: Ni Chien-Chun , Lin Yu-Yao , Luo Feng , Gao Jie 
Published: July 2019

AbstractMany complex networks in the real world have community structures – groups of well-connected nodes with important functional roles. It has been well recognized that the identification of communities bears numerous practical applications. While existing approaches mainly apply statistical or graph theoretical/combinatorial methods for community detection, in this paper, we present a novel geometric approach which enables us to borrow powerful classical geometric methods and properties. By considering networks as geometric objects and communities in a network as a geometric decomposition, we apply curvature and discrete Ricci flow, which have been used to decompose smooth manifolds with astonishing successes in mathematics, to break down communities in networks. We tested our method on networks with ground-truth community structures, and experimentally confirmed the effectiveness of this geometric approach.
Bipolar Cu/HfO2/p++ Si Memristors by Sol-Gel Spin Coating Method and Their Application to Environmental Sensing
Authors: Abdul Hadi Sabina , Humood Khaled M. , Abi Jaoude Maguy , Abunahla Heba , Shehhi Hamda Faisal Al , Mohammad Baker 
Published: July 2019

AbstractIn this paper, the memristive switching behavior of Cu/ HfO2/p++ Si devices fabricated by an organic-polymer-assisted sol-gel spin-coating method, coupled with post-annealing and shadow-mask metal sputtering steps, is examined. HfO2 layers of about 190 nm and 80 nm, are established using cost-effective spin-coating method, at deposition speeds of 2000 and 4000 rotations per minute (RPM), respectively. For two types of devices, the memristive characteristics (Von, Ion, and Vreset) and device-to-device electrical repeatability are primarily discussed in correlation with the oxide layer uniformity and thickness. The devices presented in this work exhibit an electroforming free and bipolar memory-resistive switching behavior that is typical of an Electrochemical Metallization (ECM) I-V fingerprint. The sample devices deposited at 4000 RPM generally show less variation in electrical performance parameters compared to those prepared at halved spin-coating speed. Typically, the samples prepared at 4000 RPM (n = 8) display a mean switching voltage Von of 3.0 V (±0.3) and mean reset voltage Vreset of −1.1 V (±0.5) over 50 consecutive sweep cycles. These devices exhibit a large Roff/Ron window (up to 104), and sufficient electrical endurance and retention properties to be further examined for radiation sensing. As they exhibit less statistical uncertainty compared to the samples fabricated at 2000 RPM, the devices prepared at 4000 RPM are tested for the detection of soft gamma rays (emitted from low-activity Cs-137 and Am-241 radioactive sources), by assessing the variation in the on-state resistance value upon exposure. The analysis of the probability distributions of the logarithmic Ron values measured over repeated ON-OFF cycles, before, during and after exposing the devices to radiation, demonstrate a statistical difference. These results pave the way for the fabrication and development of cost-effective soft-gamma ray detectors.
Combined Analysis of Methylation and Gene Expression Profiles in Separate Compartments of Small Bowel Mucosa Identified Celiac Disease Patients’ Signatures
Authors: Cielo D. , Galatola M. , Fernandez-Jimenez N. , De Leo L. , Garcia-Etxebarria K. , Loganes C. , Tommasini A. , Not T. , Auricchio R. , Greco L. , Bilbao J. R. 
Published: July 2019

AbstractBy GWAS studies on celiac disease, gene expression was studied at the level of the whole intestinal mucosa, composed by two different compartments: epithelium and lamina propria. Our aim is to analyse the gene-expression and DNA methylation of candidate genes in each of these compartments. Epithelium was separated from lamina propria in biopsies of CeD patients and CTRs using magnetic beads. Gene-expression was analysed by RT-PC; methylation analysis required bisulfite conversion and NGS. Reverse modulation of gene-expression and methylation in the same cellular compartment was observed for the IL21 and SH2B3 genes in CeD patients relative to CTRs. Bioinformatics analysis highlighted the regulatory elements in the genomic region of SH2B3 that altered methylation levels. The cREL and TNFAIP3 genes showed methylation patterns that were significantly different between CeD patients and CTRs. In CeD, the genes linked to inflammatory processes are up-regulated, whereas the genes involved in the cell adhesion/integrity of the intestinal barrier are down-regulated. These findings suggest a correlation between gene-expression and methylation profile for the IL21 and SH2B3 genes. We identified a “gene-expression phenotype” of CeD and showed that the abnormal response to dietary antigens in CeD might be related not to abnormalities of gene structure but to the regulation of molecular pathways.
Serum biomarkers in people with chronic low back pain and Modic 1 changes: a case-control study
Authors: Boisson Margaux , Borderie Didier , Henrotin Yves , Teboul-Coré Stéphanie , Lefèvre-Colau Marie-Martine , Rannou François , Nguyen Christelle 
Published: July 2019

AbstractWe aimed to compare serum biomarkers of inflammation, redox status and cartilage degradation between chronic low back pain (cLBP) patients with and without Modic 1 changes. We used a convenience sample of patients recruited from a single center, case-control study, conducted in a tertiary care center. From December, 2014 to May, 2016, 2,292 patients were consecutively screened, 34 met inclusion criteria and were prospectively enrolled in the present study. Cases (n = 13) were defined as patients with Modic 1 changes detected on MRI and controls (n = 21) as cLBP patients without (Modic 0). To assess serum biomarkers of inflammation, redox status and cartilage degradation, fasting serum samples were collected in a standardized manner and analyzed by immunoassays and spectrophotometry. Mean (95% CI) age was 44.1 (40.0–48.1) years and mean LBP duration was 72.5 (53.0–91.9) months. Serum biomarkers of inflammation (IL-1β, IL-6, IL-8 and TNF-α), redox status (total thiols, advanced oxidation protein products and carbonyl groups) and cartilage degradation (Coll2-1 and Coll2-1NO2) did not differ between cLBP patients with and without Modic 1 changes. In summary, we did not find any differences in serum biomarkers between cLBP patients with and without Modic 1 changes. Interpretation is limited by convenience sampling and small sample size.
Average surface flows before the formation of solar active regions and their relationship to the supergranulation pattern
Authors: Birch A. C. , Schunker H. , Braun D. C. , Gizon L. 
Published: July 2019

Context. The emergence of solar active regions is an important but poorly understood aspect of the solar dynamo.Aims. Knowledge of the flows associated with the rise of active-region-forming magnetic concentrations through the near-surface layers will help determine the mechanisms of active region formation.Methods. We used helioseismic holography and granulation tracking to measure the horizontal flows at the surface that precede the emergence of active regions. We then averaged these flows over about sixty emerging active regions to reduce the noise, selecting active regions that emerge into relatively quiet Sun. To help interpret the results, we constructed a simple model flow field by generating synthetic “emergence locations” that are probabilistically related to the locations of supergranulation-scale convergence regions in the quiet Sun.Results. The flow maps obtained from helioseismology and granulation tracking are very similar (correlation coefficients for single maps around 0.96). We find that active region emergence is, on average, preceded by converging horizontal flows of amplitude about 40 m s−1. The convergence region extends over about 40 Mm in the east-west direction and about 20 Mm in the north-south direction and is centered in the retrograde direction relative to the emergence location. This flow pattern is largely reproduced by a model in which active region emergence occurs preferentially in the prograde direction relative to supergranulation inflows.Conclusions. Averaging over many active regions reveals a statistically significant pattern of near-surface flows prior to emergence. The qualitative success of our simple model suggests that rising flux concentrations and supergranule-scale flows interact during the emergence process.
Postoperative Herzrhythmusstörungen
Authors: Baldes Natalie , Bergmann Thomas , Bölükbas Servet 
Published: July 2019

ZusammenfassungHerzrhythmusstörungen gehören zu den häufigsten Komplikationen nach Lungenresektionen. Diese verzögern oft die Rekonvaleszenz und können sich auf die kurz- und langfristige Prognose der Patienten auswirken. Die vorliegende Übersichtsarbeit konzentriert sich auf die Pathophysiologie, die Risikofaktoren, die Prävention sowie die Therapie insbesondere des Vorhofflimmerns bei Patienten nach Lungenresektionen.
Epistaxis: was kann zum Tode führen?
Authors: Hohenhorst Winfried 
Published: July 2019

Integrate (The National ENT Trainee Research Network). Epistaxis and mortality. J
Laryngol Otol 2018; 132: 1061–1066
Die Epistaxis ist einer der häufigsten ORL-Notfälle. In dem Programm:
„Epistaxis 2016: National Audit of Management“ wurden prospektive Daten über
30 Tage zur standardisierten Versorgung einer Epistaxis durch die britische
Gesellschaft für Otorhinolaryngologie gesammelt. Dabei wurde eine 30-tägige
Gesamtmortalität von 3,4 % festgestellt. In einer Studie wurden Patienten,
die während des Auditzeitraums verstarben, genauer untersucht.
Blood Flow Restriction Alters Motor Unit Behavior During Resistance Exercise
Authors: Fatela Pedro , Mendonca Goncalo V. , Veloso António Prieto , Avela Janne , Mil-Homens Pedro 
Published: July 2019

AbstractWe aimed to determine whether blood flow restriction (BFR) alters the characteristics of individual motor units during low-intensity (LI) exercise. Eight men (26.0±3.8 yrs) performed 5 sets of 15 knee extensions at 20% of one-repetition maximum (with and without BFR). Maximal isometric voluntary contractions (MVC) were performed before and after exercise to quantify force decrement. Submaximal isometric voluntary contractions were additionally performed for 18 s, matching trapezoidal target-force trajectories at 40% pre-MVC. EMG activity was recorded from the vastus lateralis muscle. Then, signals were decomposed to extract motor unit recruitment threshold, firing rates and action potential amplitudes (MUAP). Force decrement was only seen after LI BFR exercise (–20.5%; p<0.05). LI BFR exercise also induced greater decrements in the linear slope coefficient of the regression lines between motor unit recruitment threshold and firing rate (BFR: –165.1±120.4 vs. non-BFR: –44.4±33.1%, p<0.05). Finally, there was a notable shift towards higher values of firing rate and MUAP amplitude post-LI BFR exercise. Taken together, our data indicate that LI BFR exercise increases the activity of motor units with higher MUAP amplitude. They also indicate that motor units with similar MUAP amplitudes become activated at higher firing rates post-LI BFR exercise.
Preanalytical Variables in Coagulation Testing: Setting the Stage for Accurate Results
Authors: Gosselin Robert C. , Marlar Richard A. 
Published: July 2019

AbstractMany preanalytical variables may affect the results of routine coagulation assays. While advances in laboratory instrumentation have partially addressed the laboratory's ability to recognize some of these variables, there remains an increased reliance on laboratory personnel to recognize the three potential areas where coagulation testing preanalytical issues may arise: (1) specimen collection (including patient selection), (2) specimen transportation and stability, and (3) specimen processing and storage. The purpose of this article is to identify the preanalytical variables associated with coagulation-related testing and provide laboratory practice recommendations in an effort to improve the quality of coagulation testing and accuracy of result reporting.
Scaffolding student self-reflection in translator training
Authors: Pietrzak Paulina 
Published: July 2019

Abstract
This article advocates for structured self-reflection as a means to scaffold learning in translator training. Metacognitive activity in translator training requires students to actively regulate their own process of both translating and learning to become a translator. Therefore, the nature and typology of (self-)reflection is examined as are tools that offer students structured opportunities to analyze and evaluate their own learning. Given that additional (self-)reflection in the translation classroom requires trainers to alter their teaching methods, this article also examines how their role in training changes as a result of its inclusion. An exploratory study on translation students’ prospective and retrospective self-reflection is described with student perspectives on the same translation task compared. Student expectations prior to translation are examined both pre- and post-task, emphasizing what students and teachers learn from reflective practice.
Calibration of industrial platinum resistance thermometers in thermostats (-40 °C to 420 °C)
Authors: Constantin Bordianu , Marina Denisova , Ibraev Meirzhan , Baghirov Azer , Hodzic Nedzadeta , Çorman Alev 
Published: July 2019

The COOMET.T-S2 comparison is a regional comparison in which the national metrological institutes of Moldova, Georgia, Kyrgyzstan, Kazakhstan, Azerbaijan, Bosnia and Herzegovina and Turkey participate.
Two standard platinum resistance thermometers (100 ohm), manufactured at VNIIM, was used as a transfer standards. National Metrology Institute (NMI) of Republic of Moldova is a pilot laboratory in this comparison.
The purpose of the comparisons is to verify equivalence between the participating laboratories in the calibration of industrial platinum resistance thermometers by direct comparison in the range from minus 40 °C to 420 °C. The comparison results are used to confirm the calibration and measurement capabilities in this range.

Main text

To reach the main text of this paper, click on Final Report. Note that this text is that which appears in Appendix B of the BIPM key comparison database kcdb.bipm.org/.
The final report has been peer-reviewed and approved for publication by the CCT, according to the provisions of the CIPM Mutual Recognition Arrangement (CIPM MRA).
Is adsorbed water responsible for 2800-3000 cm−1 band in Raman spectrum of inorganic matter?
Authors: Redkov A , Melehin V , Zhurikhina V 
Published: July 2019

Abstract
In papers devoted to Raman spectra of SiO2-(H2O)x gel, stishovite, silver surface and gold particles on copper surface the band at 2800 – 3000 cm−1 was attributed to adsorbed water in spite of the essential shift of this band relatively to conventional water band at ∼3500 cm−1. This interpretation is controversial and it needs to be discussed. Measurements of Raman spectra of a glass slide with a fingerprint allowed another interpretation of this band because deposition of the fingerprint on the slide surface resulted in appearance of 2800 – 3000 cm−1 Raman band, and Raman mapping of the slide surface reproduced a microphotograph of the fingerprint. This allows relating of this band to traces of organic compounds at the surface of the studied samples.
Study of nanocarbon thin-film field-electron emitters by Raman spectroscopy
Authors: Osipov V S , Besedina N A , Gabdullin P G , Kvashenkina O E , Arhipov A V 
Published: July 2019

Abstract
Raman spectroscopy was used to study the features of the electron-phonon interaction in thin carbon films that are capable of low-field emission of electrons. It was found that in the Raman spectra of samples with this ability the characteristic peaks of carbon were almost completely suppressed, and also a wide photoluminescence band could be present. At the same time, the Raman spectra of non-emitting samples had the form typical of graphite-like carbon spectrum. This observation is in accordance with the two-barrier model of low-field electron emission from thin films of considered type, corresponding to which their emissive capability is maintained by the presence of hot electrons. Thus, in thin films consisting of numerous isolated carbon islands (nanoclusters) the extraction of electrons into the vacuum is facilitated by prolonged hot electron lifetime. Such prolongation, in turn, can be associated with the suppression of electron-phonon interactions by the spatial confinement effect. Consequently, it should result in the decrease of prominent bands in Raman spectra which are originated by electron-phonon interactions, while the photoluminescence intensity may, on the contrary, rise. Particularly such deformations of the Raman spectra were observed in the present study.
Acceptor and band states in quantum wells in multiband model
Authors: Vinnichenko M Ya , Makhov I S , Sofronov A N , Firsov D A , Vorobjev L E 
Published: July 2019

Abstract
We developed the framework for numerical calculation of the valence band dispersion in quantum well structures and the energy spectrum of the shallow acceptor in QWs. We used the finite-difference method to quantize the Luttinger-Kohn Hamiltonian and the decomposition of the impurity potential over the eigenstates of the Luttinger-Kohn Hamiltonian with the QW profile to obtain the acceptor states energies and wavefunction in

k
→

-space. Developed approach allows one to calculate the energies of the acceptor states with spherical symmetry for an arbitrary QW potential profile with the coordinate-dependent material parameters.