bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A gain of function paradox: Targeted therapy for glioblastoma associated with abnormal NHE9 expression
Authors: Pall Ashley E. , Juratli Lena , Guntur Dhyana , Bandyopadhyay Krisanu , Kondapalli Kalyan C. 
Published: September 2019

AbstractGlioblastoma (GBM) is the most frequent and inevitably lethal primary brain cancer in adults. It is recognized that the overexpression of the endosomal Na+/H+ exchanger NHE9 is a potent driver of GBM progression. Patients with NHE9 overexpression have a threefold lower median survival relative to GBM patients with normal NHE9 expression, using available treatment options. New treatment strategies tailored for this GBM subset are much needed. According to the prevailing model, NHE9 overexpression leads to an increase in plasma membrane density of epidermal growth factor receptors (EGFRs) which consequently enhances GBM cell proliferation and migration. However, this increase is not specific to EGFRs. In fact, the hallmark of NHE9 overexpression is a pan‐specific increase in plasma membrane receptors. Paradoxically, we report that this gain of function in NHE9 can be exploited to effectively target GBM cells for destruction. When exposed to gold nanoparticles, NHE9 overexpressing GBM cells accumulated drastically high amounts of gold via receptor‐mediated endocytosis, relative to control. Irradiation of these cells with near‐infrared light led to apoptotic tumour cell death. A major limitation for delivering therapeutics to GBM cells is the blood‐brain barrier (BBB). Here, we demonstrate that macrophages loaded with gold nanoparticles can cross the BBB, deliver the gold nanoparticles and effect the demise of GBM cells. In combination with receptor tyrosine kinase inhibition, we show this approach holds great promise for a new GBM‐targeted therapy.
Platelet‐rich plasma injections in the treatment of male androgenetic alopecia: A randomized placebo‐controlled crossover study
Authors: Dicle Özlem , Bilgic Temel Asli , Gülkesen Kemal Hakan 
Published: September 2019

AbstractBackgroundPlatelet‐rich plasma (PRP) treatment for androgenetic alopecia (AGA) has been increasingly used, yet there remains a dearth of data on the effectiveness of this approach.AimTo compare the efficacy and safety of physically activated PRP injections vs placebo in the treatment of male AGA.MethodsTwenty‐five healthy male patients with AGA were enrolled in a randomized, placebo‐controlled, crossover study with the treatments of PRP and placebo. Treatment efficacy was measured by calculating the hair density as the average of two independent blind measurements.ResultsIn the group that received placebo first (Group 2), we detected a significant increase in hair density at the secondary endpoints after PRP treatment (P = .014). There was a greater proportion of patients with low‐grade alopecia in this group (53.3%) compared to Group 1 (30%).ConclusionThis study provides data supporting the positive effects of PRP treatment on AGA in males, but further studies are needed to identify those factors that might affect PRP treatment performance, such as the stage of the disease.
Research awareness among children's nurses: An integrative review
Authors: Rossi Silvia , Bagnasco Annamaria , Barisone Michela , Bianchi Monica , Bressan Valentina , Timmins Fiona , Pellegrini Ramona , Aleo Giuseppe , Sasso Loredana 
Published: September 2019

AbstractBackgroundDeveloping nursing research skills, awareness and research utilisation are important for improving healthcare outcomes and are key to ensuring the full understanding and knowledge base necessary for optimal delivery of care. Nevertheless, little is known about research awareness in children's nurses.Aims and objectivesTo address this issue, an integrative literature review was conducted for studies published between January 2007 and January 2017 to obtain up‐to‐date evidence about the extent of research awareness and utilisation among children's nurses.MethodsUsing PubMed, Cochrane Library, ILISI and CINAHL databases, 21 studies related to children's nurses' research awareness were included in the final review, which was later developed and structured in keeping with PRISMA checklist and guidelines.ConclusionsThe studies isolated show that nurses' knowledge about and utilisation of research vary and that there are many existent barriers to and facilitators of evidence‐based practice in the paediatric setting. Some studies report that introducing a cultural and/or change in clinical practice change to improve research utilisation can have positive impacts on healthcare outcomes and the quality of nursing care of children. It is recommended that structured approaches to improving research utilisation be considered and additional research is needed to explore the benefits of these approaches.Relevance to clinical practiceDespite more than three decades of the evidence‐based practice movement within nursing, barriers still exist among children's nurses in the use of research in practice. If the use of research to improve the delivery of children's nursing care is to become a reality, then nurses' research awareness needs to improve to underpin care delivery with optimal evidence in a cohesive informed manner.
Effects of the drug combination memantine and melatonin on impaired memory and brain neuronal deficits in an amyloid-predominant mouse model of Alzheimer's disease
Authors: Jürgenson Monika , Zharkovskaja Tamara , Noortoots Aveli , Morozova Margarita , Beniashvili Allan , Zapolski Max , Zharkovsky Alexander 
Published: September 2019

Abstract

Objectives
Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a neurodegenerative disorder with no cure. Limited treatment options available today do not offer solutions to slow or stop any of the suspected causes. The current medications used for the symptomatic treatment of AD include memantine and acetylcholine esterase inhibitors. Some studies suggest that melatonin could also be used in AD patients due to its sleep-improving properties.

Methods
In this study, we evaluated whether a combination of memantine with melatonin, administered for 32 days in drinking water, was more effective than either drug alone with respect to Aβ aggregates, neuroinflammation and cognition in the double transgenic APP/PS1 (5xFAD) mouse model of AD.

Key findings
In this study, chronic administration of memantine with melatonin improved episodic memory in the object recognition test and reduced the number of amyloid aggregates and reactive microgliosis in the brains of 5xFAD mice. Although administration of memantine or melatonin alone also reduced the number of amyloid aggregates and inflammation in brain, this study shows a clear benefit of the drug combination, which had a significantly stronger effect in this amyloid-dominant mouse model of AD.

Conclusion
Our data suggest considerable potential for the use of memantine with melatonin in patients with AD.
Indicative conditionals without iterative epistemology
Authors: Holguín Ben 
Published: September 2019

AbstractThis paper argues that two widely accepted principles about the indicative conditional jointly presuppose the falsity of one of the most prominent arguments against epistemological iteration principles. The first principle about the indicative conditional, which has close ties both to the Ramsey test and the “or‐to‐if” inference, says that knowing a material conditional suffices for knowing the corresponding indicative. The second principle says that conditional contradictions cannot be true when their antecedents are epistemically possible. Taken together, these principles entail that it is impossible to be in a certain kind of epistemic state: namely, a state of ignorance about which of two partially overlapping bodies of knowledge corresponds to one's actual one. However, some of the more popular “margin for error” style arguments against epistemological iteration principles suggest that such states are not only possible, but commonplace. I argue that the tension between these views runs deep, arising just as much for non‐factive attitudes like belief, presupposition, and certainty. I also argue that this is worse news for those who accept the principles about the indicative conditional than it is for those who reject epistemological iteration principles.
Oral adverse effects of drugs: Taste disorders
Authors: Rademacher Willem Maria Hubertus , Aziz Yalda , Hielema Atty , Cheung Ka‐Chun , de Lange Jan , Vissink Arjan , Rozema Frederik Reinder 
Published: September 2019

AbstractObjectiveOral healthcare professionals are frequently confronted with patients using drugs on a daily basis. These drugs can cause taste disorders as adverse effect. The literature that discusses drug‐induced taste disorders is fragmented. This article aims to support oral healthcare professionals in their decision making whether a taste disorder can be due to use of drugs by providing a comprehensive overview of drugs with taste disorders as an adverse effect.Materials and methodsThe national drug information database for Dutch pharmacists, based on scientific drug information, guidelines, and summaries of product characteristics, was analyzed for drug‐induced taste disorders. “MedDRA classification” and “Anatomic Therapeutical Chemical codes” were used to categorize the results.ResultsOf the 1,645 drugs registered in the database, 282 (17%) were documented with “dysgeusia” and 61 (3.7%) with “hypogeusia.” Drug‐induced taste disorders are reported in all drug categories, but predominantly in “antineoplastic and immunomodulating agents,” “antiinfectives for systemic use,” and “nervous system.” In ~45%, “dry mouth” coincided as adverse effect with taste disorders.ConclusionHealthcare professionals are frequently confronted with drugs reported to cause taste disorders. This article provides an overview of these drugs to support clinicians in their awareness, diagnosis, and treatment of drug‐induced taste disorders.
Autosomal recessive congenital ichthyosis due to homozygous variants in NIPAL4 with a dramatic response to ustekinumab
Authors: Poulton Cathryn , Gration Dylan , Murray Kevin , Baynam Gareth , Halbert Anne 
Published: September 2019

AbstractAutosomal recessive congenital ichthyosis is a genetically and phenotypically heterogenous group of scaling skin disorders. We describe a patient with ARCI caused by homozygous variants in NIPAL4, in whom the dermatologic phenotype and an associated arthropathy, markedly improved with ustekinumab.
Coordinating Lot Sizing Decisions Under Bilateral Information Asymmetry
Authors: Zissis Dimitris , Ioannou George , Burnetas Apostolos 
Published: September 2019

We consider inventory management decisions when manufacturing and warehousing are controlled by independent entities. The latter possess private information that affects their choices and are allowed to communicate via a mediator who attempts to streamline their decisions without restricting their freedom. The mediator designs a mechanism based on quantity discounts to minimize the overall system costs, attempting to reach a win–win situation for both entities. Using the Revelation Principle, we show that it is in the entities’ self‐interest to reveal their information and we prove that coordination is attainable even under bilateral information asymmetry. The acceptable cost allocation is not unique, providing adequate flexibility to the mediator during mechanism design; the flexibility may reflect the relative power of the entities and is quantified in our work by a series of computational experiments. Our approach is motivated by inventory management practices in a manufacturing group and, thus, it is directly applicable to real‐life cases.
A Simple Model of Corporate Bailouts in a Globalized Economy*
Authors: Exbrayat Nelly , Madiès Thierry , Riou Stéphane 
Published: September 2019

AbstractIn this paper, we explore how globalization influences the decision of governments to rescue inefficient domestic firms when bailouts affect firms’ markup. We develop a model of international trade in which immobile domestic‐owned enterprises (DOEs) compete with foreign‐owned enterprises (FOEs) in an oligopolistic market. The decision to bail out DOEs leads to lower corporate tax revenues if FOEs are immobile, whereas tax revenues might increase if FOEs are mobile. Interestingly, the mobility of FOEs makes governments more prone to rescuing inefficient domestic firms because tax competition reduces the opportunity cost of a bailout policy in terms of public good provision.
Suicide Attempts: How Does the Acute Use of Alcohol Affect Suicide Intent?
Authors: Salles Juliette , Tiret Bernard , Gallini Adeline , Gandia Peggy , Arbus Christophe , Mathur Anjali , Bougon Emmanuelle 
Published: September 2019

BackgroundVery few studies have specifically addressed the role of the acute use of alcohol (AUA) in suicide attempts.ObjectiveOur study compared the suicide intent scores of self‐poisoning patients with and without AUA in order to examine the role of alcohol in attempted suicides.MethodsWe recruited 516 patients admitted to the emergency department for self‐poisoning. We screened blood alcohol concentrations (BACs) to determine whether these were positive or negative in the two groups. We collected data about covariates such as psychiatric disorders and sociodemographic and suicide characteristics. We then compared suicide intent between the groups, adjusted according to the covariates.ResultsThe patients with AUA had lower scores for suicide intent, but this factor only reduced the self‐reporting score, with the scores for objective circumstances and risk similar between the groups. There was a correlation between BACs and self‐reported suicide intentionality, but this was not significant.ConclusionAcute use of alcohol patients presented with lower suicide intent, as particularly explained by the self‐report scores, but there were no differences between the groups in terms of risk and/or the objective circumstances. The role of alcohol in the self‐reporting of suicide attempts must be addressed in future studies.
The push for transgender inclusion: Exploring boundary spanning in the gay–straight alliance
Authors: Sutherland David Kyle 
Published: September 2019

AbstractGay–straight alliance (or gender‐sexuality alliance; GSA) is a high‐school based club aimed at providing a safer environment for sexual and gender minority youth as well as their straight allies. Yet, as a club historically rooted in addressing sexual orientation‐related concerns, less attention has been given to understanding the changing relational dynamics of internal GSA activities aimed at expanding membership boundaries through the promotion of transgender inclusivity. I address this by bridging existing scholarship on GSAs, social movements, and the sociology of culture to showcase the impact boundary‐spanning strategies are having on GSA mobilization, in‐group solidarity, and external political and social activism. My findings reveal that membership boundary negotiations around gender diversity issues are shifting the social landscape of these clubs. Emerging barriers that impede boundary‐spanning efforts are also highlighted and discussed. More broadly, I generate new theoretical insights into how boundary spanning can shape political and social activism as well as offer promising future research directions in this area.
Effects of argon and nitrogen plasma pulses on the skin and skin appendages in an in vivo animal model
Authors: Kim Heesu , Kim Hyun‐Jo , Kim Hee Kyung , Hong Jeong Yeon , Cho Sung Bin 
Published: September 2019

AbstractBackgroundFor medical purposes, plasma can be generated from inert gaseous sources in a device by ultra‐high‐frequency generators and emitted to target tissue at a pulse duration in the milliseconds.ObjectiveTo evaluate argon and nitrogen plasma pulse‐induced tissue reactions in the skin and skin appendages of an in vivo animal model.MethodsArgon and nitrogen plasma pulses were non‐invasively delivered to in vivo rat skin at various experimental settings. Specimens were histologically evaluated following hematoxylin and eosin and Masson's trichrome staining.ResultsAt low‐energy settings of 1.0, 1.5, and 2.0 J, nitrogen plasma treatments generated noticeable tissue coagulation at the depths of 31.5 ± 8.3, 94.9 ± 16.9, and 171.6 ± 19.7 µm, respectively, at Day 0. At high‐energy settings of 2.5 and 3.0 J, nitrogen plasma treatments generated marked tissue coagulation at the depths of 381.7 ± 33.6 µm and 456.3 ± 75.7 µm, respectively, at Day 0.ConclusionsTreatment with argon plasma induces microscopic changes in the epidermis, dermis, and sebaceous glands without generating excessive thermal injury, whereas that with nitrogen plasma elicits energy‐dependent thermal coagulation in the epidermis and dermis with remarkable neocollagenesis.
Clinical and in vivo confocal microscopic features of neuropathic corneal pain
Authors: Ross Andrew R , Al-Aqaba Mouhamed Ali , Almaazmi Amna , Messina Marco , Nubile Mario , Mastropasqua Leonardo , Dua Harminder S , Said Dalia G 
Published: September 2019

AimsTo describe clinical and in vivo confocal microscopy (IVCM) features of neuropathic corneal pain (NCP) without clinically visible signs.MethodsProspective, observational study of 27 eyes of 14 patients who had continuous severe ocular pain for one or more years, with minimal or no ocular surface signs and were non-responsive to topical lubricants, steroids and/or ciclosporin. All patients were evaluated using Ocular Surface Disease Index, Oxford grading scale, Schirmer test 1, Cochet Bonnet esthesiometry and response to topical anaesthesia. Central and paracentral regions of the cornea of patients and seven healthy controls were studied by IVCM. Corneal epithelial thickness and sub-basal nerve density were measured in patients and controls.ResultsFour patients responded to topical anaesthesia (responsive group (RG)), indicating peripheral NCP while 10 patients did not show any improvement (non-responsive group (NRG)), indicating central NCP. Schirmer-1 test was within normal limits in the RG but significantly greater in the NRG (p<0.001). None of the other clinical parameters nor corneal epithelial thickness were statistically significantly different. The sub-basal nerve density was significantly reduced (p<0.008) in patients compared with controls. Stroma of all patients demonstrated activated keratocytes and spindle, lateral and stump microneuromas. There was a statistically significant greater number of microneuromas (p<0.0001) and activated keratocytes in RG compared with NRG.ConclusionNCP without visible clinical signs does not represent typical dry eye disease. Distinct signs demonstrated on IVCM suggest that peripheral NCP, which responds to topical anaesthesia, and central NCP, which does not, are separate entities.
Economic burden of multimorbidity in patients with severe asthma: a 20-year population-based study
Authors: Chen Wenjia , Safari Abdollah , FitzGerald J Mark , Sin Don D , Tavakoli Hamid , Sadatsafavi Mohsen 
Published: September 2019

BackgroundThe economic impact of multimorbidity in severe or difficult-to-treat asthma has not been comprehensively investigated.AimsTo estimate the incremental healthcare costs of coexisting chronic conditions (comorbidities) in patients with severe asthma, compared with non-severe asthma and no asthma.MethodsUsing health administrative data in British Columbia, Canada (1996–2016), we identified, based on the intensity of drug use and occurrence of exacerbations, individuals who experienced severe asthma in an incident year. We also constructed matched cohorts of individuals without an asthma diagnosis and those who had mild/dormant or moderate asthma (non-severe asthma) throughout their follow-up. Health service use records during follow-up were categorised into 16 major disease categories based on the International Classification of Diseases. Incremental costs (in 2016 Canadian Dollars, CAD$1=US$0.75=₤0.56=€0.68) were estimated as the adjusted difference in healthcare costs between individuals with severe asthma compared with those with non-severe asthma and non-asthma.ResultsRelative to no asthma, incremental costs of severe asthma were $2779 per person-year (95% CI 2514 to 3045), with 54% ($1508) being attributed to comorbidities. Relative to non-severe asthma, severe asthma was associated with incremental costs of $1922 per person-year (95% CI 1670 to 2174), with 52% ($1003) being attributed to comorbidities. In both cases, the most costly comorbidity was respiratory conditions other than asthma ($468 (17%) and $451 (23%), respectively).ConclusionsComorbidities accounted for more than half of the incremental medical costs in patients with severe asthma. This highlights the importance of considering the burden of multimorbidity in evidence-informed decision making for patients with severe asthma.
The day the universes interacted: quantum cosmology without a wave function
Authors: Yurov A. V. , Yurov V. A. 
Published: September 2019

Abstract
In this article we present a new outlook on the cosmology, based on the quantum model proposed by Michael and Hall (Phys Rev X 4(1–17):041013, 2014). In continuation of the idea of that model we consider finitely many classical homogeneous and isotropic universes whose evolutions are determined by the standard Einstein–Friedmann equations but that also interact with each other quantum-mechanically via the mechanism proposed in Michael and Hall [1]. The crux of the idea lies in the fact that unlike every other interpretation of the quantum mechanics, the Hall, Deckert and Wiseman model requires no decoherence mechanism and thus allows the quantum mechanical effects to manifest themselves not just on micro-scale, but on a cosmological scale as well. We further demonstrate that the addition of this new quantum-mechanical interaction lead to a number of interesting cosmological predictions, and might even provide natural physical explanations for the phenomena of “dark matter” and “phantom fields”.
Slow-roll inflation with exponential potential in scalar-tensor models
Authors: Granda L. N. , Jimenez D. F. 
Published: September 2019

Abstract
A study of the slow-roll inflation for an exponential potential in the frame of the scalar-tensor theory is performed, where non-minimal kinetic coupling to curvature and non-minimal coupling of the scalar field to the Gauss-Bonnet invariant are considered. Different models were considered with couplings given by exponential functions of the scalar field, that lead to graceful exit from inflation and give values of the scalar spectral index and the tensor-to-scalar ratio in the region bounded by the current observational data. Special cases were found, where the coupling functions are inverse of the potential, that lead to inflation with constant slow-roll parameters, and it was possible to reconstruct the model parameters for given ns and r. In first-order approximation the standard consistency relation maintains its validity in the model with non-minimal coupling, but it modifies in presence of Gauss–Bonnet coupling. The obtained Hubble parameter during inflation, $$H\sim 10^{-5} M_p$$H∼10-5Mp and the energy scale of inflation $$V^{1/4}\sim 10^{-3} M_p$$V1/4∼10-3Mp, are consistent with the upper bounds set by latest observations.