bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics of oral pradofloxacin administration in dogs
Authors: Boothe Dawn M. , Bush Kaleigh M. , Boothe Harry W. , Davis Heather A. 
Published: November 2018

Abstract
OBJECTIVE To determine whether target values for pharmacokinetic-pharmacodynamic (PK-PD) indices against selected canine pathogens were achievable for pradofloxacin in various canine fluids and leukocytes.
ANIMALS 8 healthy adult hounds (experiments 1 and 2) and 6 healthy adult dogs (experiment 3).
PROCEDURES In 3 experiments, pradofloxacin (3, 6, or 12 mg/kg) and enrofloxacin (5 or 10 mg/kg) were orally administered once a day for 5 days, and blood, interstitial fluid (ISF), and other fluid samples were collected at various points. Sample drug concentrations were measured, and noncompartmental pharmacokinetic analysis was performed; then, PK-PD indices (ratios between maximum observed concentration [Cmax] and minimum inhibitory or mutant prevention concentrations) were determined for 7 bacterial species.
RESULTS PK-PD values for pradofloxacin at 3 mg/kg were approximately 5 times as high in leukocyte versus plasma and were lowest in CSF, synovial fluid, and aqueous humor. No significant differences were noted between serum and ISF. Value ratios for serum versus other body fluids were numerically higher for pradofloxacin (vs enrofloxacin) for all fluid types except CSF and aqueous humor. Target PK-PD values were exceeded for pradofloxacin against all 7 bacterial species in leukocytes and against all species except Bacteroides spp in serum and ISF. Enrofloxacin achieved the target Cmax-to-minimum inhibitory concentration ratio against Pasteurella multocida in serum, ISF, and leukocytes and for Staphylococcus pseudintermedius in serum and leukocytes. A Cmax-to-mutant prevention concentration ratio ≥ 1 against Eschericha coli was achieved for pradofloxacin at 6 mg/kg.
CONCLUSIONS AND CLINICAL RELEVANCE These findings supported once-daily oral administration of pradofloxacin to dogs at the currently recommended dose (7.5 mg/kg).
Quantitative assessment of intravenous regional limb perfusion of tiludronate as an adjunctive treatment for lameness caused by navicular syndrome in horses
Authors: Schoonover Mike J. , Whitfield Chase T. , Young Jenna M. , Sippel Kate M. , Payton Mark E. 
Published: November 2018

Abstract
OBJECTIVE To determine effects for 2 IV regional limb perfusion (IVRLP) protocols involving tiludronate on lameness of horses with navicular syndrome.
ANIMALS 15 horses with bilateral forelimb navicular syndrome.
PROCEDURES Shoeing and anti-inflammatory injection into the distal interphalangeal joint (DIPJ) of both forelimbs (day 0) were performed on all horses. On day 14, horses received 1 of 3 IVRLPs consisting of 0.1 mg of tiludronate/kg (low-dose tiludronate [LDT]; n = 5), 0.2 mg of tiludronate/kg (high-dose tiludronate [HDT]; 5), or saline (0.9% NaCl) solution (placebo; 5); treatments were repeated at days 24 and 34. Lameness severity of both forelimbs was evaluated via subjective evaluation and force plate analysis before and after shoeing on day 0 and at days 14, 34, 60, and 120. Mean subjective lameness score and peak vertical ground reaction force (PVGRF) for the more severely lame forelimb (LFL) and both (combined) forelimbs (CFL) were compared over time.
RESULTS For all horses, mean PVGRF for the LFL and CFL was increased at 14 days. No difference in mean subjective lameness score or mean PVGRF was detected within groups at any time. Mean PVGRF of the CFL was higher for the HDT group than the LDT and placebo groups only at 120 days.
CONCLUSIONS AND CLINICAL RELEVANCE Use of the tiludronate IVRLP protocols described here provided no further improvement in lameness over therapeutic shoeing and anti-inflammatory injection of the DIPJ in horses with navicular syndrome. However, HDT-treated horses were objectively less lame than LDT- or placebo-treated horses at 120 days.
Effects of a surgical sealant on leakage pressure and circumference of fresh canine cadaver small intestinal anastomoses
Authors: Mutascio Liliana M. , Breur Gert J. , Moore George E. , Simons Micha C. 
Published: November 2018

Abstract
OBJECTIVE To evaluate the effect of a bovine albumin–derivatized glutaraldehyde (BA-DG) biopolymer sealant on leakage pressures of intestinal anastomoses in jejunal tissue collected from fresh canine cadavers and to evaluate changes in circumference and cross-sectional area of the anastomotic site resulting from sealant application.
SAMPLE 24 jejunal anastomoses from 4 fresh canine cadavers.
PROCEDURES Jejunal tissue specimens were collected, and adjacent segment anastomoses were created within 12 hours after euthanasia of each dog. The tissue constructs were randomly assigned to 1 of 2 groups in which sealant was or was not applied. The outer circumference of all anastomoses in the sealant group was measured before and after application of the sealant; the cross-sectional area at the anastomotic site was then calculated at each time point. Tissue constructs were pressure tested, and leakage pressure and site were recorded. All testing was completed within 24 hours after tissue collection.
RESULTS Compared with preapplication findings, there were no significant changes in outer circumference or cross-sectional area at the anastomotic site after sealant application. Leakage pressures in the sealant group were significantly higher than those in the no-sealant group.
CONCLUSIONS AND CLINICAL RELEVANCE The use of surgical sealant on fresh canine cadaver jejunal anastomoses resulted in significantly higher leakage pressure at the anastomotic site; no immediate tissue deformation of the outer circumference or cross-sectional area occurred after sealant application. Future in vivo investigations are warranted to evaluate the effects of this sealant and potential benefits for clinical patients undergoing enterectomy.
Values, Leaders and Social Representations
Authors: Şleahtiţchi Mihai 
Published: November 2018

Abstract
When referring to values as “general principles of desirability” or as “social cohesion binders”, one should bear in mind that such notions contribute decisively to the shaping and crystallization of social representations. It would be improper to believe that there may be in-depth (“exhaustive”) studies upon people, ideas and events, as this approach disregards the fact that social representations have the capacity of being strongly anchored in the dynamics of relational processes, to the symbolic relationships specific to a given social field, to the values that constitute the eloquent expression of this dynamics and this specific field of research. An eloquent example in this respect is the way in which the social representation of leaders appears; data show that there is harmony between the image of power the leaders have or could have and the axiological dimensions of the group participating in the elaboration of such an image.
“Do You Remember Going to the Beach?”: References to Internal States in Polish and American Mother-Preschooler Shared Narratives
Authors: Zevenbergen Andrea Angell , Haman Ewa , Zevenbergen Jason Andrew 
Published: November 2018

Abstract
The present study examined references to cognitive states and emotions in narratives produced by mothers and preschoolers (aged 3 or 5 years) in Polish and American families. Participants were 32 mother-child dyads from Poland and 32 mother-child dyads from the United States. The two samples were matched with regard to child age, child gender, maternal age, and maternal education. The mother-child dyads were asked to tell three personal narratives. The co-constructed narratives were coded for mother and child references to cognitive states and emotions. Polish mothers were found to include significantly more references to cognitive states in their narratives than American mothers. Results also revealed significant correlations between mothers’ and children’s references to cognitive states across both samples. Related to child development, 5-year-olds produced significantly more tokens in the narratives than 3-year-olds. This study shows that mothers’ use of cognitive state terms in shared narratives with their young children differs across two Western cultural contexts. The results of this study are discussed with regard to two themes in developmental psycholinguistics: relations between maternal and child language use, and cross-cultural variation.
Hybrid Warfare and the Russian Federation Informational Strategy to Influence Civilian Population in Ukraine
Authors: Raţiu Aurelian , Munteanu Alexandra 
Published: November 2018

Abstract
The conflict in Ukraine is largely considered to be a strong example of hybrid warfare, where the Russian Federation is using hybrid tactics to influence Ukraine and especially the civilian population. This paper focuses on answering the research question, how is the Russian federation using its informational warfare to influence civilian population in Ukraine? In this respect we will use the ASCOPE (Area, Structures, Capabilities, Organizations, People and Events) analysis, in order to determine trough each field, the methods in which Russia seeks control over the specific area and manipulate how the civilian population of Ukraine perceives the cause and events within their country.
Kontrol Diri Dan Kecemasan Siswa SMA Dalam Menghadapi Ujian Nasional
Authors: Hakim Siti Nurina 
Published: November 2018

Ujian nasional (UN) sering disebut sebagai salah satu sumber kecemasan siswa. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui hubungan antara kontrol diri dengan kecemasan siswa SMA dalam menghadapi ujian nasional. Hipotesis yang diajukan adalah ada hubungan negatif antara kontrol diri dengan kecemasan siswa SMA dalam menghadapi UN. Metode yang digunakan yaitu studi korelasional. Subjek dalam penelitian adalah siswa SMA kelas XII sebanyak 109 siswa, l dengan teknik purposive sampling. alat ukur yang digunakan adalah Skala Kontrol Diri dan Skala Kecemasan. Data dianalisis dengan teknik analisi non parametrik dengan bantuan program Statistical Product and Service Solution 15.0 for windows program. Hasil penelitian diperoleh r sebesar – 0,075; (p) = 0,218 artinya tidak ada hubungan antara kontrol diri dengan kecemasan siswa dalam menghadapi ujian nasional. Variabel kecemasan memiliki Rerata Empirik = 71,17 dan Rerata Hipotetik = 70, artinya tingkat kecemasan tergolong sedang. Variabel kontrol diri memiliki Rerata Empirik = 66,31 dan Rerata Hipotetik = 52,5, artinya tingkat kontrol diri tergolong tinggi. Sumbangan efektif variabel kontrol diri terhadap kecemasan sebesar 5,625%, sisanya 94,375% faktor lain yang mempengaruhi kecemasan.
Una propuesta pedagógica para el aprendizaje de la transformación climática de Chile en el contexto del cambio global
Authors: Sepúlveda Moreno Osvaldo 
Published: November 2018

En este artículo se presenta una propuesta pedagógica para los niveles de 5° y 6° básico, con el objetivo de rediseñar las actividades en la sala de clases sobre las implicancias del cambio climático en la configuración de los climas de Chile. Para ello se utiliza la nueva cartografía climatológica de Chile, siguiendo la metodología de Köppen–Geiger. Se postula, además, la necesidad de adoptar estas sugerencias no solo en la enseñanza de la asignatura de Historia, Geografía y Ciencias Sociales, sino también en aquellas actividades relacionadas con el Plan de Formación Ciudadana. Esta propuesta se fundamenta en la idea de que la aproximación en el aula al estudio del cambio climático debe ser considerada una oportunidad para que los docentes contextualicen el currículo escolar en la interacción con el entorno natural e incluyan otras formas de aprendizaje incorporando nuevas tecnologías y cartografías.AbstractThis article presents a pedagogical proposal for 5th and 6th grade levels aimed at redesigning classroom activities related to the implications of climate change in the configuration of Chilean climates. For this, the new Chilean climatological cartography is used following the Köppen-Geiger methodology. It also postulates the need to adopt these suggestions not only in the teaching of History, Geography and Social Sciences, but also in those activities related to the Citizenship Forming Plan. This proposal is based on the idea that the study of climate change in the classroom should be considered as an opportunity for teachers to contextualize the school curriculum in interaction with the natural environment and include other forms of learning with new technologies and cartographies.Keywords: climate change, Chilean climates, geography, classroom activities.ResumoNeste artigo apresenta-se uma proposta pedagógica para os níveis de 5° e 6° ano do ensino fundamental com o objetivo de redesenhar as atividades na sala de aula sobre as implicações da mudança climática na configuração dos climas do Chile. Para aquilo, utiliza-se a metodologia de Köppen–Geiger. Propõe-se, também, a necessidade de adotar estas sugestões não só no ensino da disciplina de História, Geografia e Ciências Sociais, mas também naquelas atividades relacionadas com o Plano de Formação Cidadã. Esta proposta fundamenta-se na ideia de que a aproximação ao estudo da mudança climática na sala de aula deve ser considerada uma oportunidade para que os professores contextualizem o currículo escolar na interação com o entorno natural e incluam outras formas de aprendizagem incorporando novas tecnologias e cartografias.Palavras-chave: Mudança climática, climas do Chile, geografia, atividadesna sala de aula.
La Educación Imaginativa y la enseñanza de la historia
Authors: Matte María de la Luz 
Published: November 2018

Este artículo analiza las propuestas de la Educación Imaginativa y sus potencialidades para la enseñanza de la historia. En la primera parte se reseñan los postulados teóricos de la Educación Imaginativa, centrando el análisis en las propuestas de uno de sus principales impulsores, el filósofo de la educaciónKieran Egan. En la segunda parte se estudia la manera en que este enfoque puede ser utilizado en la enseñanza de la historia, proporcionando, además, algunos ejemplos concretos. Según Egan, la enseñanza de la historia ha quedado reducida a los currículos, dejando de lado los aspectos vinculados con las emociones y la imaginación, lo que ha impactado el desarrollo integral de los estudiantes como miembros de la sociedad. A partir de la experiencia y la revisión bibliográfica, proponemos una aproximación a esta teoría, explicando sus fundamentos, sus principios y cómo esta puede ser una valiosa herramienta para la enseñanza de la historia.AbstractThis article analyzes proposals of Imaginative Education and its potential for teaching history. The first part presents the theoretical postulates of the Imaginative Education focusing on the proposals of one of its main promoters, the education philosopher Kieran Egan. In the second part, it studies the way in which this approach can be used in teaching history, also providingsome examples. According to Egan, the curricula has reduced the teaching of history to the transmission of knowledge without relating it to emotions and imagination, impacting students’ integral development as members of society. From the experience and the bibliographic review we propose an approach to this theory, explaining its foundations, its principles and how this can be a valuable tool for the teaching of history.Keywords: Imaginative education, understandings, cognitive tools, history teaching.ResumoEste artigo analisa as propostas da Educação Imaginativa e suas potencialidades para o ensino da história. Na primeira parte são resumidos os postulados teóricos da Educação Imaginativa centrando a análise nas propostas de um dos seus principais impulsores, o filósofo da educação Kieran Egan. Na segunda parte estuda-se a maneira em que esta perspectiva pode ser utilizadano ensino da história proporcionando, ao mesmo tempo, alguns exemplos concretos. Segundo Egan, o ensino da história tem ficado reduzido nos currículos à transmissão de conhecimentos ignorando os aspectos vinculadoscom as emoções e a imaginação, o que tem impactado o desenvolvimento integral dos estudantes como membros da sociedade. A partir da experiência e a revisão bibliográfica propomos uma aproximação a esta teoria, explicando seus fundamentos, seus princípios e como esta pode ser una valiosa ferramenta para o ensino da história.Palavras-chave: Educação Imaginativa, entendimentos, ferramentas cognitivas,ensino da história.
Clases dominantes y desarrollo desigual. Chile entre 1830 y 2010
Authors: Bustamante Olguín Fabián 
Published: November 2018

Chile es probablemente uno de los países con mayor libertad económica en el mundo, con un sistema de libre mercado que ha permitido un inédito poderío de los grandes grupos económicos, sin precedentes en la historia de Chile. Es más: se podría destacar que nuestro país sería nada menos que la “Corea del Norte del capitalismo”, según señalaba un fallecido periodista, apuntando a la radicalidad de este nuevo fundamentalismo, que es el neoliberalismo. Sin embargo, en el nombre de la apologética “libertad de emprender actividades económicas”, estas elites han arrebatado la oportunidad de ganancia a miles de chilenos, lo que ha llevado a diversos sectores de la sociedad –a partir del 2011 con las protestas estudiantiles–, a criticar el modelo existente ante las evidentes desigualdades sociales producto de la excesiva concentración de la riqueza en un mercado pequeño como es el chileno.
El golpe de Estado de 1973 en Concepción. Violencia política y control social
Authors: González Alarcón Javier 
Published: November 2018

En el transcurso de la historia de Chile, “Concepción se ha constituido en una de las zonas geográficas más importantes del país. Desde la guerra de Arauco, como línea fronteriza, en la cual las relaciones hispano-indígenas se constituían en un marco de referencia obligado de toda la región, pasando por su trascendencia durante el periodo independentista y años posteriores, hasta llegar al siglo XX, la región del Biobío, así como el ‘Gran Concepción’ y la ciudad propiamente tal, han jugado un rol significativo en el proceso sociopolítico nacional” (Monsálvez, 2012: 58). En dicho contexto, la historiadora Alejandra Brito indica que la ciudad de Concepción y su entorno pueden ser examinados y/o estudiados durante el curso del siglo XX sobre la base de tres aspectos fundamentales y significativos para la región. En primer lugar, la fundación de la Universidad de Concepción, constituyendo un polo cultural e intelectual significativo en la zona; en segundo lugar, las relevantes transformaciones sociales, económicas y urbanas desarrolladas por el proceso industrializador de mediados del siglo XX; y, por último, el quiebre producido por el golpe militar de 1973 (Monsálvez, 2012: 58).
Policitemia vera: presentación clínica, diagnóstico y nuevos abordajes terapéuticos.
Authors: Correa Saavedra María Antonia , Ruiz Mejía Camilo 
Published: November 2018

Introducción: Los desórdenes mieloproliferativos como la Policitemia Vera (PV) pertenecientes al grupo clásico filadelfia negativo, son un área hematología que requiere un acercamiento de mayor profundidad, de modo que sea posible ofrecer un abordaje clínico, diagnóstico y terapéutico de carácter amplio, pertinente y actualizado. Así será factible ofrecer alternativas a individuos que no responden a un tratamiento convencional.Objetivo: Recoger los elementos clínicos característicos o de mayor importancia de la Policitemia vera y realizar una contextualización sobre las opciones terapéuticas existentes o disponibles y las nuevas alternativas en desarrollo, desde diferentes disciplinas médicas básicas como la biología molecular y el área de la inmunología.Materiales y métodos: Se realizó durante el segundo semestre de 2017 y el primer trimestre de 2018 una revisión exhaustiva de material bibliográfico existente sobre la Policitemia vera, su fisiopatología, enfoque terapéutico actual y las nuevas alternativas médicas disponibles para su tratamiento, todo lo anterior en la base de datos de la Universidad Pontificia Bolivariana, utilizando motores de búsqueda como lo son PubMed, Clinical Key, SciELO y Science Direct.Conclusión: Es de vital importancia el estudio y la comprensión de la fisiopatología de la Policitemia vera para llegar, en un futuro, a la instauración de nuevas alternativas terapéuticas para los pacientes que la padecen y no responden a terapias tradicionales, pues aún no existe cura para esta condición hematológica y actualmente su enfoque terapéutico se centra principalmente, en controlar, mitigar y prevenir las complicaciones asociadas a la misma.
KARAKTERISTIK FISIKOKIMIA MIE JAGUNG PULUT (ZEA MAYS CERITINA) DENGAN PENAMBAHAN TEPUNG IKAN CAKALANG (KATSUWONUS PELAMIS)
Authors: Pade Satria Wati , Bulotio Nurfitriyanti 
Published: November 2018

Jagung merupakan salah satu jenis komoditi penting di Indonesia. Komoditas jagung saat ini menjadi komoditas nasional yang cukup strategis (Kementan, 2016). Menurut BPS (2017) produksi jagung di Gorontalo tahun 2015 cukup melimpah tercatat 643.513 ton. Akan tetapi, pada skala petani atau usaha kecil menengah, jagung umumnya hanya dijual begitu saja sebagai kudapan atau makanan ringan. Untuk meningkatkan nilai tambah dan pemanfaatan dari jagung maka dapat dilakukan pengolahan jagung menjadi produk-produk turunannya diantaranya diolah menjadi tepung jagung yang dapat diolah lebih lanjut menjadi bahan dasar dalam pembuatan mie basah.
Mie merupakan produk makanan dengan bahan baku tepung terigu sangat populer di kalangan masyarakat Indonesia. Produk mie yang berbahan dasar tepung terigu memiliki karbohidrat cukup tinggi akan tetapi kadar proteinnya kurang. Salah satu sumber protein yang cukup tinggi dan mudah didapat yaitu ikan cakalang yang dapat ditambahkan dalam mie basah.
Penelitian ini menggunakan metode rancangan acak lengkap yang terdiri atas tiga perlakuan yaitu perlakuan A= tepung jagung pulut 200 gr + tepung terigu 800 gr + tepung ikan cakalang 50 gr, perlakuan B=tepung jagung pulut 400 gr + tepung terigu 600 gr + tepung ikan cakalang 50 gr, C=tepung jagung pulut 600 gr + tepung terigu 400 gr + tepung ikan cakalang 50 gr, masing-masing perlakuan diulang sebanyak tiga kali. Variabel yang diamati meliputi : kadar protein, kadar air, kadar abu, warna dan daya pengembangan. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan rata-rata kadar protein 6,47%, kadar air 50,43%, kadar abu 0,64%, warna berkisar antara 2,8-3,4 atau taraf tidak suka sampai netral dan daya pengembangan berkisar antara10,8-28,50%.
SPECTRUM OF PERFORATION PERITONITIS IN WESTERN NEPAL
Authors: Poudel Rajesh , Shah Santosh , Chandra Kailash , Pradhan Saroj , Joshi Pravin 
Published: November 2018

Introduction: Despite advances in surgical technique, antimicrobial therapy and perioperative care morbidity and mortality in perforated peritonitis is still high. Aim of this study was to highlight the clinical presentation, intra operative findings and postoperative complications and mortality among patient who has undergone emergency surgery for perforated peritonitis in tertiary care center in western Nepal.Materials and Methods: This was a retrospective descriptive study carried out in Universal College of Medical Sciences, Bhairawha, Nepal. All patients who underwent emergency exploratory laparotomy for perforated peritonitis in one year period (from April 2014 to March 2015) were included in the study.Results: Total 90 cases met inclusion criteria and were analyzed. Most common presenting symptom was pain abdomen. Pneumoperitoneum was seen in 86 (95.6%) patients. Most common site of perforation was prepyloric perforation followed by duodenum. Most common cause of perforation was Acid peptic disease. Most common surgical procedure performed was Omentopexy. There were total of 11 (12.2%)mortality.Conclusion: The spectrum of perforation peritonitis in our study differs from western countries whereas it is similar to that of other research from Indian subcontinent. Majority of perforations are noticed in the duodenum and stomach due to acid-peptic disease and small bowel typhoid followed by trauma. Overall mortality was seen in 12.2%.Journal of Universal College of Medical ScienceVol. 6, No. 1, 2018, Page: 11-13