bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The Role of Care Navigators Working with People with Dementia and Their Caregivers
Authors: Bernstein Alissa , Harrison Krista L. , Dulaney Sarah , Merrilees Jennifer , Bowhay Angela , Heunis Julia , Choi Jeff , Feuer Julie E. , Clark Amy M. , Chiong Winston , Lee Kirby , Braley Tamara L. , Bonasera Stephen J. , Ritchie Christine S. , Dohan Dan , Miller Bruce L. , Possin Katherine L. 
Published: July 2019

Background: Care navigation is an approach to personalized care management and care coordination that can help overcome barriers to care. Care navigation has not been extensively studied in dementia, where health care workforce innovations are needed as a result of increasing disease prevalence and resulting costs to the health care system. Objective: To identify facilitators and barriers to care navigation in dementia and to assess dementia caregiver satisfaction with care navigation. Methods: Methods include qualitative research (interviews, focus groups, observations) with “Care Team Navigators” (CTNs) who were part of a dementia care navigation program, the Care Ecosystem, and a quantitative survey with caregivers about their experiences with CTNs. Transcripts were analyzed to identify themes within the data. Results: CTNs identified the following facilitators to care navigation in dementia: working closely with caregivers; providing emotional support; tailoring education and resources; and coordinating with a clinical team around issues ranging from clinical questions to financial and legal decision-making. The barriers CTNS identified included burn-out, the progressive nature of the disease; coordinating with primary care providers; and identifying resources for dyads who are low-income, do not speak English, or live in rural areas. Caregivers across both sites highly rated CTNs, though satisfaction was higher among those in Nebraska and Iowa. Conclusions: Innovative approaches to care delivery in dementia are crucial. Care navigation offers a feasible model to train unlicensed people to deliver care as a way to deliver larger-scale support for the growing population of adults living with dementia and their caregivers.
Handgrip Strength Is Associated with Poorer Cognitive Functioning in Aging Americans
Authors: McGrath Ryan , Robinson-Lane Sheria G. , Cook Summer , Clark Brian C. , Herrmann Stephen , O’Connor Melissa Lunsman , Hackney Kyle J. 
Published: July 2019

Background: Measures of handgrip strength may show promise for detecting cognitive erosion during aging. Objective: To determine the associations between lower handgrip strength and poorer cognitive functioning for aging Americans. Methods: There were 13,828 participants aged at least 50 years from the 2006 wave of the Health and Retirement Study included and followed biennially for 8 years. Handgrip strength was assessed with a hand-held dynamometer and cognitive functioning was assessed with a modified version of the Mini-Mental State Examination. Participants aged <65 years with scores 7– 11 had a mild cognitive impairment, ≤6 had a severe cognitive impairment, and ≤11 had any cognitive impairment. Respondents aged ≥65 years with scores 8– 10 had a mild cognitive impairment, ≤7 had a severe cognitive impairment, and ≤10 had any cognitive impairment. Separate covariate-adjusted multilevel logistic models examined the associations between lower handgrip strength and any or severe cognitive impairment. A multilevel ordered logit model analyzed the association between lower handgrip strength and poorer cognitive functioning. Results: Every 5-kg lower handgrip strength was associated with 1.10 (95% confidence interval (CI): 1.04, 1.15) and 1.18 (CI: 1.04, 1.32) greater odds for any and severe cognitive impairment, respectively. Similarly, every 5-kg lower handgrip strength was associated with 1.10 (CI: 1.05, 1.14) greater odds for poorer cognitive functioning. Conclusions: Measurement of handgrip strength is a simple, risk-stratifying method for helping healthcare providers determine poorer cognitive functioning. Interventions aiming to prevent or delay cognitive dysfunction should also implement measures of handgrip strength as an assessment tool for determining efficacy.
18F-FDG Is a Superior Indicator of Cognitive Performance Compared to 18F-Florbetapir in Alzheimer’s Disease and Mild Cognitive Impairment Evaluation: A Global Quantitative Analysis
Authors: Khosravi Mohsen , Peter Jonah , Wintering Nancy A. , Serruya Mijail , Shamchi Sara Pourhassan , Werner Thomas J. , Alavi Abass , Newberg Andrew B. 
Published: July 2019

Background: 18F-Fluorodeoxyglucose (18F-FDG) positron emission tomography (PET) and 18F-florbetapir PET are approved neuroimaging biomarkers for the Alzheimer’s disease (AD) and mild cognitive impairment (MCI). Objectives: This study aims to compare the efficacy of 18F-FDG and 18F-florbetapir PET at evaluating the cognitive performance of patients with AD, MCI, and normal controls (NC). Methods: 63 subjects (36 male/27 female, mean age = 68.3) including 19 AD, 23 MCI, and 21 NC underwent 18F-FDG and 18F-florbetapir PET imaging. A global quantification approach was applied on supra-tentorial, frontal, parieto-occipital, temporal, and cerebellar brain regions by calculating the global SUVmean ratios (GSUVr) as the weighted average of all regional SUVmean. 18F-FDG and 18F-florbetapir GSUVr of each region were subsequently correlated with the Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE). Results: Subjects were studied in five categories as NC, MCI patients, AD patients, MCI and AD patients grouped together (MCI/AD), and a group including all the subjects (NC/MCI/AD). Both 18F-FDG and 18F-florbetapir could successfully detect subjects with dementia ( p < 0.001). Studied in all regions and groups, the correlation analysis of 18F-FDG GSUVr with MMSE scores was significant in more regions and groups compared to that of 18F-florbetapir. We also demonstrated that the correlation of 18F-FDG GSUVr with MMSE is stronger than that of 18F-florbetapir in the supra-tentorial and temporal regions. Conclusions: This study reveals how 18F-FDG-PET global quantification is a superior indicator of cognitive performance in AD and MCI patients compared to 18F-florbetapir PET. Accordingly, we still recommend 18F-FDG-PET over amyloid imaging in the evaluation for AD and MCI.
Detecting Alzheimer’s Disease from Continuous Speech Using Language Models
Authors: Guo Zhiqiang , Ling Zhenhua , Li Yunxia 
Published: July 2019

Background: Recently, many studies have been carried out to detect Alzheimer’s disease (AD) from continuous speech by linguistic analysis and modeling. However, few of them utilize language models (LMs) to extract linguistic features and to investigate the lexical-level differences between AD and healthy speech. Objective: Our goals include obtaining state-of-art performance of automatic AD detection, emphasizing N-gram LMs as powerful tools for distinguishing AD patients’ narratives from those of healthy controls, and discovering the differences of lexical usages between AD patients and healthy people. Method: We utilize a subset of the DementiaBank corpus, including 242 control samples from 99 control participants and 256 AD samples from 169 “PossibleAD” or “ProbableAD” participants. Baseline models are built through area under curve-based feature selection and using five machine learning algorithms for comparison. Perplexity features are extracted using LMs to build enhanced detection models. Finally, the differences of lexical usages between AD patients and healthy people are investigated by a proportion test based on unigram probabilities. Results: Our baseline model obtains a detection accuracy of 80.7%. This accuracy increases to 85.4% after integrating the perplexity features derived from LMs. Further investigations show that AD patients tend to use more general, less informative, and less accurate words to describe characters and actions than healthy controls. Conclusion: The perplexity features extracted by LMs can benefit the automatic AD detection from continuous speech. There exist lexical-level differences between AD and healthy speech that can be captured by statistical N-gram LMs.
CONNECTION OF THE ENDOTHELIAL DYSFUNCTION FACTORS AND DIABETES MELLITUS 2 TYPE SEVERITIES
Authors: Ziablytsev S.V. , Panova T.I. , Chernobryvtsev O.P. 
Published: July 2019

Relevance. In the case of diabetes mellitus (DM), a whole cascade of pathological reactions unfolds in the endothelium of the vessels that afflict glucose toxicity, excessive action of stimulating hypertension and inflammatory factors, thrombotic activators, and the intensification of oxidative stress, which leads to the formation of endothelial dysfunction (EDF). On the other hand, the damaged endothelium itself is included in the pathogenesis of diabetes and causes the development of further violations.
Objective: to investigate the association of EDF factors: endothelin 1 (ET1), endothelial NO-synthase (eNOS), nitric oxide (NO), tumor necrosis factor (TNFα), and diene conjugates (DC) with severity of type 2 diabetes.
Materials and methods. Data were used for 152 hospital patients with type 2 diabetes at the age from 34 to 80 years (53.9±8.4 years). Women were 95 (62.5%), men – 57 (37.5%). According to the degree of severity of patients was divided into three groups: 1st (37.5% of patients) – the average stage in the compensation stage (HbA1s 7-9%), 2nd (41.4%) – the average stage in the stage of decompensation (HbA1s more than 9%), 3rd (21,1%) – a severe degree in the stage of decompensation. The control group included 95 practically healthy individuals. The plasma levels of the blood were determined by the enzyme-linked method: ЕТ1 (Biomedica Immunoassays, Austria), eNOS (BCM Diagnostics, USA) і TNFα (Bender Medsystems, Austria). The level of blood NO and DC were determined biochemically (spectrophotometer Specord, Germany). Statistica 10 (StatSoft, Inc., USA) was used to statistically process the data obtained.
Results. Levels of EDF factors depended on the severity of DM 2 type. Thus, the level of ETI in patients exceeded control in 3.7-4.7 times (p<0.001) with the maximum values in the 2nd and 3rd groups; also increased blood levels of NO (1.4-1.5 times; p<0.001). The highest increase was observed in TNFα levels (4.2-6.5 times; p<0.001) and DC (2.3-2.7 times; p<0.001). The blood content of eNOS in the patients' groups was lower when compared with control (1.3-1.9 times; p<0.001). Single-factor regression analysis showed that ET1 caused high glycemia, albuminuria, increased the degree of decompensation of DM 2 type and the degree of diabetic nephropathy. NO accumulation in the blood affects the decrease in glomerular filtration rate and the deterioration of renal function. TNFα and DC contributed to almost all key indicators of DM 2 type, which had a synergistic effect with other EDF factors.
Conclusion. Factors of EDF are closely linked with clinical and laboratory indicators of severity of DM 2 type, which highlights them in the pathogenesis of the disease.
ANALISIS PENYALURAN DAYA LISTRIK PADA SALURAN UDARA TEGANGAN TINGGI 150 KV DARI PLTU BUKIT ASAM KE GARDU INDUK KERAMASAN PALEMBANG
Authors: Azis Abdul , Pebrianti Irine Kartika 
Published: July 2019

Jatuh tegangan dan rugi-rugi daya pada saluran transmisi selain dipengaruhi oleh rugi-rugi korona juga dipengaruhi jenis kawat penghantar; luas penampang kawat penghantar; panjang kawat penghantar; resistansi, induktansi, kapasitansi kawat penghantar. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis penyaluran daya listrik pada Saluran Udara Tegangan Tinggi 150 kV dari PLTU Bukit Asam ke Gardu Induk Keramasan Palembang. Metode penelitian kasus berdasarkan pengumpulan data pada objek kajian. Dari penelitian diperoleh hasil bahwa jatuh tegangan pada saluran transmisi adalah sebesar atau . Kemudian rugi-rugi daya pada SUTT 150 kV adalah atau , sehingga efisiensi penyaluran daya adalah atau daya pada ujung penerima sebesar .
Comparative Study of Rivastigmine and Donepezil on Cognitive Function in Mild to Moderate Dementia
Authors: Islam Shahnaz , Hossain Khan Md Muzammel , Mohammed Shoab Abul Kalam , Hasan Mehedi , Siddika Khaleda 
Published: July 2019

Background: Rivastigmine and donepezil are both increase attention and working memory functioning.
Objective: The purpose of the present study was to observe and compare the efficacy and safety of rivastigmine and donepezil in mild to moderate dementia.
Methodology: This observational study was conducted on patients with mild to moderate dementia attended in the Out-patient Departments of Neurology, Medicine and Psychiatry, Sylhet MAG Osmani Medical College Hospital, Bangladesh during the period from July 2017 to June 2018. Patients with mild to moderate dementia were selected of which group A was treated with rivastigmineand group B was treated with donepezil by respective physician and Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE) was recorded in all participants before initiation of treatment and at 4th week and at 12th week of treatment.
Result: A total of 230 patients with mild to moderate dementia were selected of which 115 were treated with rivastigmine (Group-A) and another 115 were treated with donepezil (Group-B). In course of follow up period 11 patients from group A and 13 patients from group B were dropped out. Finally 104 patients of group-A and 102 patients of group-B were accounted as study subjects for statistical analysis. Out of 230 patients the mean age was 64.89 ± 6.82 years and 63.67 ± 7.02 in group-A and group-B respectively (p=0.204). Vascular dementia was 60(57.7%) patients and Probable Alzheimer Disease was in 44 (42.3%) patients in Rivastigmine treated group. It was 47 (46.1%) and 55 (53.9%) respectively in Donepezil treated group (p=0.095).The mean duration of dementia was 18.53 ± 9.25 months in group-A and 20.82 ± 11.38 months in group-B (p=0.114).The changes of mean MMSE score from 14.39 ± 2.95 at baseline to 16.37 ± 3.21 at 4th week and to 16.37 ± 3.21 at 12th week in Rivastigmine treated group (p<0.001). It was 15.05 ± 3.49, 15.84 ± 3.86 and 19.19 ± 4.38 respectively in Donepezil treated group at the 12th week (p<0.001). The percentage increment of MMSE score from baseline was 14.29% at 4th week and 41.43% at 12th week of treatment in rivastigmine treated group (p<0.001). It was 6.29% and 30.86% in donepezil treated group (p<0.001). When percentage increment of MMSE score were compared between two treatment group, there were significantly higher percentage increment of MMSE score in rivastigmine treated group compared to donepezil treated group estimated at 4th week (p<0.001) and at 12th week of treatment (p=0.001).
Conclusion: Treatment with rivastigmine and donepezil increases cognitive function by measurement of MMSE in patients with mild to moderate dementia.
Journal of National Institute of Neurosciences Bangladesh, 2019;5(1): 8-12
Diagnostic Validity of 3D-Computed Tomographic Angiography in Spontaneous Subarachnoid Haemorrhage
Authors: Mohammad Nur , Mohammad Rumi Jalal Uddin , Khan Sadia Jabeen , Uddin Kalim , Mohammed Faruque Patoary 
Published: July 2019

Background: Diagnostic validity of different tests for the detection of spontaneous subarachnoid haemorrhage is an important issue.
Objectives: The purpose of the present study was to validate 3D-Computed tomographic angiography in spontaneous subarachnoid haemorrhage.
Methodology: This cross-sectional study was carried out in the Department of Neurosurgery and Cath Lab of DMCH in collaboration with private diagnostic centre from September 2013 to February 2015 for a period of six (06) months. Adult patients diagnosed as a case of spontaneous SAH based on clinical features and confirmed by plain CT evidence of subarachnoid blood were included as study population. Patients having current history of trauma, poor clinical grade and agitated patient, patient with renal insufficiency, known allergy to iodinated contrast agent and patients who were not willing participate in the study were excluded from this study. Then both CT angiography and DSA were performed to detect cause of bleeding and to make a treatment planning. In this study DSA was considered as reference standard for evaluation of CTA. Sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value, negative predictive value and diagnostic accuracy of CTA were calculated per patient basis and per aneurysmal basis.
Result: A total number of 37 patients presented with spontaneous subarachnoid haemorrhage were recruited for this study. The mean age of patients was 58.53±7.54 years. Sensitivity and specificity in depicting intracranial aneurysms were, 93.75% and 100% respectively on a per-patient basis. Positive predictive value and negative predictive value of CTA are 100% and 71.43% respectively. CTA had shown 94.59% accuracy in detection of intracranial aneurysm. Sensitivity and specificity in depicting intracranial aneurysms were 94.74% and 100% respectively on a per-aneurysm basis. Positive predictive value and negative predictive value of CTA are 100% and 71.43% respectively. CTA had shown 95.35% accuracy in detection of intracranial aneurysm.
Conclusion: In conclusion CTA has high detection capacity of aneurysm among spontaneous subarachnoid haemorrhage patients.
Journal of National Institute of Neurosciences Bangladesh, 2019;5(1): 47-52
Accuracy of Ventricular Catheter Tip Placement Using Freehand Placement
Authors: Arman DM , Muhammad Ekramullah Sheikh , Mukherjee Sudipta Kumer , Afreen Samantha , Faraji Md Anwarul Hoque , Asfia Kazi Nur , Mia MA Quddus , Hossain Md Aslam , Azad Mohammad Abul Kalam 
Published: July 2019

Background: Inaccurate placement of VP shunt catheter is related to shunt failure.
Objective: The objective of this study was to determine the accuracy of ventricular catheter placement during ventriculoperitoneal shunt operations using the freehand technique.
Methodology: This prospective observational study included all patients from a single institution who underwent a ventriculoperitoneal shunt procedure in which a new ventricular catheter was placed between September 2013 and August 2016 for a period of three (03) years. Data abstracted for each patient included age, sex, diagnosis, site and side of ventricular catheter placement. Postoperative CT scan images were reviewed for accuracy of ventricular catheter placement.
Results: There were 140 patients included in the study; accuracy ventricular catheter tip placement were 55 (39.28%) using freehand technique.
Conclusion: Mechanical malfunction and infection are the most significant problems associated with shunts for the treatment of hydrocephalus.
Journal of National Institute of Neurosciences Bangladesh, 2019;5(1): 59-63
Endovascular Recanalization by Mechanical Thrombectomy in Tandem Extracranial and Intracranial Occlusive Lesion in Acute Ischemic Stroke is Still a Therapeutic Challenge: A Case Report
Authors: Islam Sirajee Shafiqul , Rahman Kazi Mohibur , Khan Sharif Uddin , Md Elyas Dewan , Patwary Khairul Kabir , Khan Muhammad Abdul Momen , Hossain Md Amir , Hasan ATM Hasibul 
Published: July 2019

A 55-year-old male presented with complete left-sided weakness of the body with a National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale (NIHSS) 15 and Alberta Stroke Program Early Computed Tomography (ASPECT) score 8 and occlusion of the right middle cerebral artery (MCA) in the M1 segment on Computed Tomography Angiography (CTA). Intravenous thrombolysis (IVT) was not performed as symptoms developed at sleep. Mechanical Thrombectomy was performed after 4.5 hours of the symptom onset with recanalization of Thrombolysis in Cerebral Infarction (TICI classification 2b).
Journal of National Institute of Neurosciences Bangladesh, 2019;5(1): 90-94
On Some Paradoxes of the Russian Innovation Infrastruct
Authors: Andryushkevich Olga A. , Denisova Irina M. 
Published: July 2019

This paper analyzes the modern trends in the development of innovation infrastructure (II) in Russia and abroad. An intensive way of development of foreign technology parks is shown, which, acquiring new qualitative features, become centers of innovation at the international level, i.e. they transform to Innovation Centers (IC). The specific features of IC as an institute of innovative economy are marked. The main trend of the development of the Russian innovation infrastructure is shown as an extensive one, relying mainly on a quantitative increase and a partial modernization of the old elements. This is the path generated by contradictions, shortcomings and mistakes in the actions of the state and business. Some paradoxes of the development of the Russian innovation infrastructure are considered: the lack of reliable information about the quantitative configuration of innovation infrastructure, the lack of unified conceptual tools for the system of II elements, effective mechanisms for their interaction, and the innovation’s demand. The main reasons for the emergence of these paradoxes are associated with the lack of a unified (systemic) approach for solving a problems accumulated in the innovation sphere are analyzed. It is shown that the state attempts directed to the development of innovation policy and its financial support, to introduce various mechanisms of interaction between the participants of the innovation process, revive some II elements, as well as the creation of principal new elements, do not bring the expected results. We propose a number of ways for overcoming the existing paradoxes. They include: developing and implementing a single conceptual framework of innovation policy, the state monitoring and reporting system, and linking innovation infrastructure development plans with Federal Strategies and Programs.
KEMANDIRIAN TOILET TRAINING DENGAN PEMAKAIAN DIAPERS ANAK USIA TOODLER DI PAUD KARTINI SUKSES NGALIYAN SEMARANG
Authors: Sa`adah Nikmatus , Wahyuningsih Wahyuningsih 
Published: July 2019

ABSTRAK

Usiatoodler adalah usia 1-3 tahun atau batita, yang merupakan masa pertumbuhan dan perkembangan anak yang sangat cepat sehingga apabila mengalami hambatan maka akan menimbulkan pengaruh pada pertumbuhan dan perkembangan anak selanjutnya. Pelatihan toilet training merupakan tugas anak toodler.Toilet training adalah usaha melatih anak agar mampu mengontrol buang air kecil maupun besar yang berlangsung pada anak usia 18-24 bulan. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui tingkat kemandirian toilet training dengan pemakaian diapers anak usiatoodler di PAUD Kartini Sukses Ngaliyan. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian dengan metode studi kasus atau peneliti lapangan (field study) sampel penelitian adalah anak yang berusia 2-3 tahun di PAUD Kartini Sukses Ngaliyan Semarang yakni sebanyak 10 responden dengan tehnik Consecutive Sampling. Pengumpulan data dalam penelitian ini dengan menggunakan kuesioner. Hasil analisa tingkat kemandirian toilet training dengan penggunaan diapers usia toodler di PAUD Kartini Sukses Ngaliyan adalah adanya tingkat kemandirian toilet training anak usia toodler di PAUD Kartini Sukses Ngaliyan sebanyak 8 anak dan yang tidak mandiri sebanyak 2 anak. Artinya terdapat hubungan penggunaan diapers dengan kemandirian toilet training pada anak usia 2-3 tahun. Melihat hasil penelitian ini maka perlu pendidikan kesehatan pada orang tua maupun guru playgroup tentang teknik toilet training yang baik dan benar pada anak usia 2-3 tahun.