bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Treatment by Trait Biplot Analysis of Organic Manure and Nano-Fertilizers on Sunflower Production
Authors: Sabaghnia Naser , Yousefzadeh Saeed , Janmohammadi Mohsen 
Published: February 2018

AbstractThis study was performed to study the effects of farmyard manure (zero (M1), 20 (M2) t ha−1) and nano-fertilizers [control (n1), Mn (n2), Fe (n3), Zn (n4)] on sunflower. Traits days to 50% flowering, days to maturity, leaf number, leaf area, plant height, achene yield and harvest index were measured.Treatment by trait (TT) analysis using biplot analysis was used to determine which treatment was best and for what trait which were generated using the standardized values of the traits means. Results showed that the first two principal components (PC1 and PC2) were used to create a two-dimensional TT biplot that accounted percentages of 94% of sums of squares of interaction. The most important vertex treatment in polygon of TT biplot was M2n4 (application of 20 tonnes ha−1 manure and Zn nano-micronutrient) which indicated high performance in leaf number, leaf area, plant height, achene yield and harvest index. The identification of ideal treatment, the treatment that is most favorable treatment among all treatments, showed that the M2n4 might be used in selecting superior traits and it can be considered as the candidate treatment. Finally, nano-fertilizer could increase crop yields and improve the efficiency of manure application. The results of this investigation showed that application of nanoparticles may alleviates the adverse environmental factors and improve the sunflower performance and the integrated application of organic manure and nano-micronutrients is more effective.
A comparison of husked and naked oats under Irish conditions
Authors: Hackett R. 
Published: February 2018

AbstractDuring the harvesting of husked oats (Avena sativa L.), the kernel remains tightly enclosed by a lignified lemma and palea, collectively termed the husk or hull. In naked oats, which are the same species as husked oats, the lemma is much less lignified and the kernel threshes free during harvesting. The absence of the largely indigestible husk increases the nutritive value of naked oats compared to that of husked oats, particularly for non-ruminants and poultry. There is little information regarding the potential of naked oats as an arable crop in Ireland. The objective of this study was to determine the productivity of naked oats under Irish conditions. Field experiments were carried out in the south east of Ireland to compare the grain yield and grain quality of both autumn-sown and spring-sown naked and husked oat cultivars. Grain yield of naked oat cultivars was significantly lower than that of husked oat cultivars, irrespective of whether they were autumn sown or spring sown. However, when the kernel yield of husked oat cultivars was estimated, differences in yield between the two types were much smaller, and in some cases, kernel yield of naked oat cultivars exceeded that of husked oat cultivars. Grain quality, as indicated by hectolitre weight and grain N concentration, was generally greater for naked oat cultivars than for husked oat cultivars. It is concluded that under Irish conditions, naked oats have the potential to produce kernel yields equivalent to husked oats. The grain produced is of high quality and may be particularly suited for the nutrition of non-ruminants.
Sleep disorder prevalence in at-risk adolescents and potential effects of nightmare triad syndrome
Authors: McIver Natalia D. , Krakow Barry , Krakow Jessica , Nadorff Michael R. , Ulibarri Victor A. , Baade Robert 
Published: February 2018

AbstractObjectiveAt-risk high school students, those considered to have a higher probability for academic failure or dropping out, were assessed for various sleep disorders. Effects were compared between students with and without the nightmare triad syndrome (NTS+), the sleep disorders’ cluster of frequent nightmares, insomnia disorder and suspected sleep-disordered breathing (SDB).MethodsData were gathered at a charter school for at-risk youth using: computer based surveys, physical airway exams, and mental health interviews by school social worker. Ninety-two students were enrolled, and 70 completed all study components.ResultsStudents were teenaged [17.10 (1.50) years], male (52.2%) slightly overweight [BMI 25.50 (6.41)] Hispanics (87.0%); two-thirds (65 of 92) subjectively reported a sleep problem. Frequent nightmares (39.1%), insomnia (ISI ≥ 12, 41.3%), and SDB risk (79.3%) were common. Several presumptive sleep disorders (insomnia, SDB risk, parasomnia, or nightmares) were associated with worse sleep quality and lower quality of life. Nineteen students met criteria for NTS. Compared to NTS−, NTS+ showed significantly lower quality of life (p < 0.003, g = 0.84). Regression analyses revealed higher levels of depression and anxiety symptoms in NTS+ students. NTS was associated with reduced quality of life independent of anxiety symptoms.ConclusionPrevalence of presumptive sleep disorders was high with a tendency for clusters of sleep disorders in the same individual. Students with NTS+ showed worse outcomes and reduced quality of life, mediated partially by depression and anxiety. To examine relationships between sleep disorders and mental health in at-risk adolescents, research investigations must include both subjective and objective measurements of sleep.
The State of Knowledge Regarding the Use of Simulation in Pre-Licensure Nursing Education: A Mixed Methods Systematic Review
Authors: Olson Joanne K. , Paul Pauline , Lasiuk Gerri , Davidson Sandra , Wilson-Keates Barbara , Ellis Rebecca , Marks Nichole , Nesari Maryam , Savard Winnifred 
Published: February 2018

AbstractThis project is a mixed-methods systematic review on the use of simulation in pre-licensure nursing. This research question guided this review: What is the best evidence available upon which to base decisions regarding the use of simulation experiences with pre-licensure nursing students? Searches of CINAHL Plus with Full Text, MEDLINE, and ERIC were performed to identify relevant literature. These searches yielded 1220 articles. After duplicates were removed and titles and abstracts were reviewed for relevance to the inclusion criteria, the remaining 852 articles were independently assessed for quality by pairs of researchers. Forty-seven articles were retained. Findings were grouped into research using high-, medium-, and low-fidelity simulations and a group where researchers included several or all types of simulation. The conclusion is that insufficient quality research exists to guide educators in making evidence-based decisions regarding simulation. More rigorous and multi-site research is needed.
The prevalence and frequency of Japanese-English cognates: Recommendations for future research in applied linguistics
Authors: Allen David 
Published: February 2018

Abstract
Research has demonstrated that cognates are processed and acquired more readily than noncognates regardless of whether the languages share a common script or etymological background (e. g., Japanese and English). Very little research, however, has focused on the prevalence and frequency of cognates in orthographically distinct languages. Using Japanese word frequency data, the present study demonstrates that between 49 % and 22 % of the most common 10000 words in English are cognate in Japanese, depending on the frequency threshold used. The analysis is extended to the Academic Word List (Coxhead 2000), which is shown to be between 59 % and 30 % cognate. Finally, a lexical familiarity study revealed that Japanese cognate frequency was a reliable indicator of whether the word was known to the majority of Japanese speakers. Based on the findings and drawing upon research in psycholinguistics, a number of recommendations are put forward for future studies in applied linguistics.
Purple Fabrics and Garments in Akkadian Documents
Authors: Thavapalan Shiyanthi 
Published: February 2018

AbstractThe following examination of the textual evidence for purple dyeing in late Bronze Age Syria and Mesopotamia highlights a disconnect between the written sources and the physical remains for colored textiles recently unearthed at Qaṭnā (Tell Mishrīfe). By charting the relationship between developments in the dyeing industry against wider economic forces in this period, this essay addresses the impact of Bronze Age technologies on the evolution of Akkadian color language.
Modified HuffBit Compress Algorithm – An Application of R
Authors: Habib Nahida , Ahmed Kawsar , Jabin Iffat , Rahman Mohammad Motiur 
Published: February 2018

Abstract
The databases of genomic sequences are growing at an explicative rate because of the increasing growth of living organisms. Compressing deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) sequences is a momentous task as the databases are getting closest to its threshold. Various compression algorithms are developed for DNA sequence compression. An efficient DNA compression algorithm that works on both repetitive and non-repetitive sequences known as “HuffBit Compress” is based on the concept of Extended Binary Tree. In this paper, here is proposed and developed a modified version of “HuffBit Compress” algorithm to compress and decompress DNA sequences using the R language which will always give the Best Case of the compression ratio but it uses extra 6 bits to compress than best case of “HuffBit Compress” algorithm and can be named as the “Modified HuffBit Compress Algorithm”. The algorithm makes an extended binary tree based on the Huffman Codes and the maximum occurring bases (A, C, G, T). Experimenting with 6 sequences the proposed algorithm gives approximately 16.18 % improvement in compression ration over the “HuffBit Compress” algorithm and 11.12 % improvement in compression ration over the “2-Bits Encoding Method”.
A Framework for Image Alignment of TerraSAR-X Images Using Fractional Derivatives and View Synthesis Approach
Authors: Sirisha B. , Sandhya B. , Paidimarry Chandra Sekhar , Sastry A.S. Chandrasekhara 
Published: February 2018

Abstract
Conventional integer order differential operators suffer from poor feature detection accuracy and noise immunity, which leads to image misalignment. A new affine-based fractional order feature detection algorithm is proposed to detect syntactic and semantic structures from the backscattered signal of a TerraSAR-X band stripmap image. To further improve the alignment accuracy, we propose to adapt a view synthesis approach in the standard pipeline of feature-based image alignment. Experiments were performed to test the effectiveness and robustness of the view synthesis approach using a fractional order feature detector. The evaluation results showed that the proposed method achieves high precision and robust alignment of look-angle-varied TerraSAR-X images. The affine features detected using the fractional order operator are more stable and have strong capacity to reduce sturdy speckle noise.
Generating pairing-friendly elliptic curve parameters using sparse families
Authors: Fotiadis Georgios , Konstantinou Elisavet 
Published: February 2018

Abstract
The majority of methods for constructing pairing-friendly elliptic curves are based on representing the curve parameters as polynomial families. There are three such types, namely complete, complete with variable discriminant and sparse families. In this paper, we present a method for constructing sparse families and produce examples of this type that have not previously appeared in the literature, for various embedding degrees. We provide numerical examples obtained by these sparse families, considering for the first time the effect of the recent progress on the tower number field sieve (TNFS) method for solving the discrete logarithm problem (DLP) in finite field extensions of composite degree.
Entropy Generation Minimization in Dimethyl Ether Synthesis: A Case Study
Authors: Kingston Diego , Razzitte Adrián César 
Published: February 2018

Abstract
Entropy generation minimization is a method that helps improve the efficiency of real processes and devices. In this article, we study the entropy production (due to chemical reactions, heat exchange and friction) in a conventional reactor that synthesizes dimethyl ether and minimize it by modifying different operating variables of the reactor, such as composition, temperature and pressure, while aiming at a fixed production of dimethyl ether. Our results indicate that it is possible to reduce the entropy production rate by nearly 70 % and that, by changing only the inlet composition, it is possible to cut it by nearly 40 %, though this comes at the expense of greater dissipation due to heat transfer. We also study the alternative of coupling the reactor with another, where dehydrogenation of methylcyclohexane takes place. In that case, entropy generation can be reduced by 54 %, when pressure, temperature and inlet molar flows are varied. These examples show that entropy generation analysis can be a valuable tool in engineering design and applications aiming at process intensification and efficient operation of plant equipment.
PAPR Reduction in OFDM Signal by Incorporating Mu-Law Companding Approach into Enhanced PTS Scheme
Authors: Ibraheem Zeyid T. , Rahman Md. Mijanur , Fazea Yousef , Ahmed Kawakib K. 
Published: February 2018

AbstractOrthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing (OFDM) is a potential transmission approach for high capacity communication systems. Despite the many advantages of OFDM, the major downside is the high peak-to-average power ratio (PAPR) which increases the system complexity, reduces the efficiency of the system, causes degradation in BER performance, and makes OFDM sensitive to nonlinear distortion in the transmission. Various methods have been proposed to deal with the PAPR problem, including the partial transmit sequence (PTS) that has attracted considerable attention. Hence, this paper presents a hybrid approach combining an enhanced PTS technique with Mu-Law companding. The PTS technique was enhanced through improving its sub-block partitioning scheme, where the enhanced partitioning scheme consolidated a conventional interleaved partitioning into an adjacent partitioning scheme. This incorporation of Mu-Law characteristic in time domain for PAPR reduction in OFDM essentially enhances the PAPR reduction performance, based on using numerical simulation results. Consequently, though the pseudorandom sub-block partition method obtains better PAPR reduction more than the other sub-block partition schemes (interleaved and adjacent) of ordinary PTS, it is quite difficult to be designed. The findings show that the enhanced PTS technique with Mu-Law companding, while maintaining low computational complexity, performs significantly better than the pseudorandom partitioning PTS on various types of modulation formats and subcarriers.
Growth velocity and biological variables during puberty in achondroplasia
Authors: del Pino Mariana , Fano Virginia , Adamo Paula 
Published: February 2018

Abstract

Background:
Achondroplasia is the most common form of inherited disproportionate short stature. Cross-sectional design studies of height show that, during childhood, height standard deviation scores (SDS) declines steadily and reaches a mean adult height at −6.42 and −6.72 SDS. However, there is a lack of knowledge about longitudinal growth and biological variables during puberty for children with achondroplasia. Here we report the growth velocity and biological parameters during puberty in children with achondroplasia.

Methods:
The study was an observational, cohort study. A total of 23 patients, 15 girls and eight boys with achondroplasia, who reached adult size were included. Growth data was collected from mid-childhood until final height by the same trained observer. Individual growth curves were estimated by fitting the Preece-Baines model 1 (PB1) to each individual’s height for age data. Pubertal development was scored on Tanner scale on each visit.

Results:
In boys with achondroplasia the mean adult height was 129.18 cm. Age and velocity at peak velocity in puberty were 13.89 years and 4.86 cm/year, respectively. The adolescent gain was 20.40 cm. Mean age at genital development 2 and 5 were 12.16 (0.60) and 14.97 (0.88), respectively. In girls the mean adult height was 118.67 cm. Age and velocity at peak velocity in puberty were 11.45 years and 4.40 cm/year, respectively. The adolescent gain was 19.35 cm. Mean age at breast 2 and 4 were 10.20 (1.24) and 12.49 (1.07), respectively.

Conclusions:
Children with achondroplasia experienced an adolescent growth spurt, which was similar in shape and half the magnitude of the non-achondroplasia population.
The Curious Case of Ronald McDonald’s Claim to Rights: An Ontological Account of Differences in Group and Individual Person Rights
Authors: Smith Leonie 
Published: February 2018

AbstractPerformative accounts of personhood argue that group agents are persons, fit to be held responsible within the social sphere. Nonetheless, these accounts want to retain a moral distinction between group and individual persons. That: (1) Group-persons can be responsible for their actions qua persons, but that (2) group-persons might nonetheless not have rights equivalent to those of human persons. I present an argument which makes sense of this disanalogy, without recourse to normative claims or additional ontological commitments. I instead ground rights in the different relations in which performative persons stand in relation to one another.
Institutions and the Artworld – A Critical Note
Authors: Buekens Filip , Smit JP 
Published: February 2018

AbstractContemporary theories of institutions as clusters of stable solutions to recurrent coordination problems can illuminate and explain some unresolved difficulties and problems adhering to institutional definitions of art initiated by George Dickie and Arthur Danto. Their account of what confers upon objects their institutional character does not fit well with current work on institutions and social ontology. The claim that “the artworld” confers the status of “art” onto objects remains utterly mysterious. The “artworld” is a generic notion that designates a sphere of human activity that involves practices that create goals that have led to the emergence of formal and informal institutions. But those institutions, rather than magically “creating” objects subjected to esthetic appreciation, merely solve familiar and ubiquitous coordination problems created by artistic activity in ways other institutions in other areas (science, religion, education…) solve similar and/or analogous coordination problems.
Sulla und der Kampf um das Volkstribunat
Authors: Thommen Lukas 
Published: February 2018

Zusammenfassung:
L. Cornelius Sulla ging sowohl als Konsul des Jahres 88 v. Chr. als auch als Diktator im Jahre 81 v. Chr. gegen das Volkstribunat vor. Umstritten ist dabei schon lange, welche tribunizischen Kompetenzen er genau beschnitt. Der Aufsatz geht zunächst den betreffenden Beschränkungen nach und setzt sie zu den bekannten Handlungen der Volkstribunen und dem Charakter des Tribunats in vorsullanischer Zeit in Beziehung. Daraufhin wird der Kampf um die Restituierung der vollen tribunizischen Rechte in den 70er Jahren v. Chr. analysiert und gefragt, wer damit welche Interessen verfolgte. Das Volkstribunat erweist sich dabei als traditionsreiche Institution, die weniger vom Volk (populus/plebs) selbst als von führenden Kreisen sowohl für eigenständige Politik als auch für einen generellen Ausgleich des staatlichen Systems gestützt wurde.
Beobachtungen zu den Büchern 18–20 derAntiquitates Iudaicaedes Flavius Josephus
Authors: Free Alexander 
Published: February 2018

Zusammenfassung:Vor dem Hintergrund jüngster Studien zu Flavius Josephus, die den Historiographen nicht unmittelbar mit dem flavischen Herrscherhaus oder weiten Teilen der römischen Nobilität in Verbindung bringen, widmet sich die Untersuchung der Darstellung römischer Principes in den Büchern 18 und 19 derAntiquitates Iudaicae. Insbesondere das Attentat auf Caligula wirkt innerhalb des Werkes eingeschoben und unverbunden. Die Studie fragt nach der Verbindung von ant. Iud. 19,1–273 zur übrigen Erzählung und versucht entgegen früheren Ansätzen, die Josephus vornehmlich als Kompilator älterer Geschichtswerke verstehen, den Eigenanteil des jüdischen Historiographen herauszustreichen.
El „Sueño de Escipión“ (Cic. rep.), el „díptico de la Consecratio“ (British Museum) y la rehabilitación oficial de Virio Nicómaco Flaviano (431)
Authors: Marín Raúl Villegas 
Published: February 2018

Resumen:
Se propone una nueva interpretación del llamado „díptico de la Consecratio“ del British Museum basada en el „Comentario al Sueño de Escipión“ de Macrobio. A partir de los bien atestiguados vínculos entre este autor y las familias senatoriales romanas de los Symmachi y los Nicomachi, se sugiere asimismo que este díptico pudo haber sido producido para conmemorar la rehabilitación oficial de Virio Nicómaco Flaviano por el emperador Valentiniano III en 431.
Die Gründung der Stadt Tarent und die Gesetze des Lykurg. Eine neue Sicht auf Spartas Geschichte in archaischer Zeit
Authors: Schmitz Winfried 
Published: February 2018

Zusammenfassung:Die Stadt Tarent wurde durch ‚Parthenier‘ aus Sparta gegründet. Durch eine Analyse der Quellen zur Gründungsgeschichte kann gezeigt werden, dass die Spartaner wegen der hohen Verluste im Messenischen Krieg gezwungen waren, Heloten freizulassen, die bereit waren, auf spartanischer Seite zu kämpfen. Um die Zahl der spartanischen Bürger zu erhöhen, sollten die freigelassenen Heloten mit Witwen gefallener Spartaner Kinder zeugen. Aufgrund von Auseinandersetzungen um die Rechte der Freigelassenen und deren Kinder kam es zu einer bürgerkriegsartigen Situation. Die aufständischen Heloten wurden aus Sparta in eine Kolonie ausgewiesen. In dieser angespannten Situation konzipierte Lykurg eine Gesetzgebung, die die Integration der Kinder regelte, die aus den Verbindungen von freigelassenen Heloten und Witwen spartanischer Gefallener hervorgegangen waren. Die Gesetze Lykurgs zur Ehe, zur Polyandrie, zur Anerkennung neugeborener Kinder und vermutlich auch zur Erziehung sind auf diese Situation um 600 v. Chr. zu beziehen. Lykurgs „Gesetz über die Kinderzeugung“, wie es Aristoteles bezeichnet, ist ein Gesetz zur Integration von Kindern freigelassener Heloten in die spartanische Bürgerschaft.
PPIs under negation: A case study of Italian già
Authors: Kellert Olga 
Published: February 2018

AbstractThis paper investigates the Italian elementgià‘already’ under negation in various contexts, including questions. The occurrence ofgiàunder negation in questions is unexpected becausegiàcannot be licensed in declarative sentences with sentential negation (It. *Non ho già fatto colazione. literally ‘I did not have breakfast already.’). The empirical contribution of this paper is to provide a corpus analysis and to describe the contexts in whichgiàcan appear under negation. The main research questions of this paper are as follows: (i) how do we account for the distribution and the licensing conditions ofgiàunder negation? and (ii) how is the meaning ofgiàrelated to its distribution? This paper shows that some syntactic restrictions are responsible for the distribution ofgiàunder negation, and that in contexts wheregiàappears under negation in questions or conditionals, it is not interpreted under the direct scope of negation.