bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Role of Reflux in the Pathogenesis of Eosinophilic Esophagitis: Comprehensive Appraisal With Off- and On PPI Impedance-pH Monitoring
Authors: Frazzoni Marzio , Penagini Roberto , Frazzoni Leonardo , de Bortoli Nicola , Mauro Aurelio , Tolone Salvatore , Bertani Helga , Marsico Maria , Marocchi Margherita , Marchi Santino , Conigliaro Rita , Savarino Edoardo 
Published: August 2019

OBJECTIVES:
Role of reflux and mechanisms of response to proton pump inhibitor (PPI) therapy in eosinophilic esophagitis (EoE) have not yet been fully elucidated. Comprehensive assessment by impedance-pH monitoring could clarify these issues.

METHODS:
Prospective multicenter study comparing EoE patients with healthy controls and gastroesophageal reflux disease cases. Patients with EoE were evaluated off- and on PPI; responsiveness was assessed by histology. Impedance-pH appraisal included chemical clearance, assessed with the postreflux swallow-induced peristaltic wave (PSPW) index, and mucosal integrity measured with mean nocturnal baseline impedance (MNBI).

RESULTS:
Sixty consecutive patients with EoE were compared with 60 age- and sex-matched healthy controls and 60 subjects with gastroesophageal reflux disease. The number of total refluxes was higher, while the PSPW index was lower in patients with EoE than in healthy controls. Off PPI, a lower MNBI gradient between the mid and distal esophagus distinguished 20 patients with PPI-refractory EoE from 40 patients with PPI-responsive EoE and was a predictor of PPI failure. On PPI, a lower PSPW index was the sole reflux parameter distinguishing PPI-refractory from PPI-responsive EoE; all reflux parameters improved in PPI-responsive patients, whereas the PSPW index was not modified in PPI-refractory cases and was independently associated with PPI-responsiveness. MNBI in the distal and mid esophagus improved much more in PPI-responsive than in PPI-refractory EoE.

DISCUSSION:
Reflux plays a role in the pathogenesis of EoE, more relevant in PPI-responsive cases. Low impedance gradient between the mid and distal esophagus may be useful to predict PPI refractoriness. PPIs mainly act by improving chemical clearance, i.e., by an antireflux action supporting long-term prescription in PPI-responsive EoE.
Variability and Lability of Ammonia Levels in Healthy Volunteers and Patients With Cirrhosis: Implications for Trial Design and Clinical Practice
Authors: Bajaj Jasmohan S. , Bloom Patricia Pringle , Chung Raymond T. , Hassanein Tarek I. , Padilla-Martinez Marielys , Kayali Zeid , Rockey Don C. , Sasso Roula , Muthukumar Alagar R. , Lee William M. , Denney William S. , Gavis Edith A. , Anderson Cami , Blankstein Larry , Brennan Aoife M. , Puurunen Marja K. , Lawitz Eric 
Published: August 2019

Introduction:
Ammonia levels are used to assess hepatic encephalopathy, but their levels are highly variable in clinical practice.

Methods:
We studied factors associated with variation in ammonia values in cirrhotic patients without previous hepatic encephalopathy and healthy volunteers (HVs).

Results:
Ammonia increased by 12% and 18% at 1 and 2 hour, respectively, after a protein meal in 64 cirrhotic patients (P < 0.001). In 237 HVs, ammonia levels varied significantly between sites (P < 0.0001). New site-specific ammonia upper limits based on HV levels using a strict analysis protocol differed from routinely used values. Correlation between paired fresh samples was high (r = 0.83) but modest between fresh and frozen samples (r = 0.62).

Discussion:
Sample handling, processing, and protein intake impact ammonia levels across sites.
Hemorrhoid Energy Therapy for Treatment of Deep Chronic Anal Fissures
Authors: Malik Fahad , Reyes Jonathan , Patel Bhavin , Kim Marina , Gonzalez Manuel , Wickremsinghe Prasanna 
Published: August 2019

ABSTRACT
Energy therapy is a well-known, minimally invasive treatment for internal hemorrhoids. This treatment has not yet been studied in anal fissures refractory to medical therapy. Anal fissures, such as hemorrhoids, can disrupt the quality of life for patients. Currently, nonsurgical treatments available for anal fissures are only supportive measures. Definitive for chronic anal fissures refractory to medical therapy is internal sphincterotomy. This treatment has chances of relapse and a risk of anal incontinence. We propose the use of hemorrhoid energy therapy with bipolar cautery as a safer, less invasive, and effective therapy for recurrent anal fissures refractory to conservative management.
Sustained Resolution of Multifocal Low-Grade Dysplasia in Ulcerative Colitis
Authors: Canakis Andrew , Dellatore Peter , Josephson Matthew , Canakis Justin , Alruwaii Zainab , Lazarev Mark , Brant Steven R. 
Published: August 2019

ABSTRACT
In inflammatory bowel disease, prolonged disease duration, pancolitis, histological inflammation, and subsequent dysplasia are associated with an increased risk for colorectal cancer. Recommendations regarding treatment of low-grade dysplasia (LGD) indicate an individualized approach between colectomy and surveillance. We present a unique case of a patient with ulcerative colitis who had multifocal LGD on 2 consecutive colonoscopies. However, after 10 years and 16 surveillance colonoscopies, she had no further evidence of dysplasia. This appears to be the first case of proven, permanently resolved multifocal LGD in inflammatory bowel disease that challenges our understanding of the natural history of LGD.
Gastric Inguinoscrotal Hernia
Authors: Mehta Tej , Weissman Simcha , Vash Ann , Yim Douglas , Serrano Oluwagbenga 
Published: August 2019

ABSTRACT
A 75-year-old man presented to our facility with a 5-day history of hematemesis. He reported a left inguinoscrotal hernia that had been present since 1990. Physical examination demonstrated an incarcerated inguinoscrotal hernia. Abdominal computed tomography revealed the stomach, small, and large bowel in the hernia. Esophagogastroduodenoscopy revealed food and brownish liquid in the stomach. Neither the antrum nor the pylorus could be identified during the esophagogastroduodenoscopy, consistent with an incarcerated portion of the stomach. Blood was not seen in the examined portion of the gastrointestinal tract. He was emergently treated with surgical intervention.
ANALISIS FLUKTUASI PEMAKAIAN AIR PDAM TIRTA MOEDAL KOTA SEMARANG WILAYAH STUDI DMA TEJOSARI DAN MEGA BUKIT MAS
Authors: Prasasti Riski Adyan , Samudro Ganjar 
Published: August 2019

Setiap wilayah memiliki pemakaian air yang berbeda-beda pada setiap jam dan hari sebagai fluktuasi pemakaian air. Dengan pemakaian air yang berbeda-beda, maka sistem penyediaan air membutuhkan suplai air yang berbeda pula, sesuai dengan fluktuasi pemakaian air tiap wilayah. Dengan mengetahui fluktuasi pemakaian air, maka operasi sistem penyediaan air minum dapat direncanakan untuk memenuhi kebutuhan air. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk merencanakan operasional sistem penyediaan air secara efisien berdasarkan fluktuasi pemakaian air. Dalam penelitian ini, wilayah kajian adalah DMA Tejosari dan Mega Bukit Mas, PDAM Tirta Moedal Kota Semarang Cabang Semarang Selatan. Pengambilan data didapatkan dari pembacaan meter induk di wilayah studi selama tujuh hari. Hasil penelitian ini didapatkan bahwa jam puncak penggunaan air berada pada jam pertama air mengalir, dengan faktor jam puncak secara berturut-turut adalah 1,64 dan 1,68. Sedangkan untuk faktor harian maksimum kedua DMA sebesar 1,25. Selain untuk mengetahui faktor jam puncak dan harian maksimum, pembacaan meter induk juga bertujuan untuk mengetahui volume reservoir yang dibutuhkan yaitu sebesar 628,25 m3 untuk DMA Tejosari.
POTENSI GAS RUMAH KACA CO2 PADA PENGOLAHAN MUNICIPAL SOLID WASTE DENGAN METODE BIODRYING
Authors: Hardyanti Nurandani , Hadiwidodo Mochtar , Saraswati Lutfi 
Published: August 2019

Jumlah sampah di Indonesia semakin meningkat, seiring dengan peningkatan jumlah penduduk. Namun, pengolahan sampah di Indonesia masih berupa penimbunan sampah di TPA yang menimbulkan dampak negatif bagi lingkungan. Oleh karena itu diperlukan suatu pengolahan sampah alternatif yang dapat meminimalisir pencemaran salah satunya adalah pencemaran udara. Biodrying merupakan salah satu metode yang menawarkan solusi berkelanjutan untuk pengolahan sampah perkotaan. Namun, proses biodrying masih menghasilkan gas rumah kaca. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui bagaimana pengaruh penambahan debit udara dan variasi debit udara terhadap parameter emisi gas rumah kaca, terutama CO2 pada pengolahan Municipal Solid Waste (MSW) dengan metode biodrying dan mengetahui berapa besar debit udara yang optimum untuk menghasilkan emisi gas CO2 yang paling minimum pada pengolahan Municipal Solid Waste (MSW) dengan metode biodrying. Variasi debit udara pada penelitian ini adalah 0 l/m, 2 l/m, 3 l/m, 4 l/m, 5 l/m dan 6 l/m. Pengambilan sampel emisi dilakukan pada hari ke-1,ke-2, ke-15 dan ke-30. Hasil dari penelitian ini adalah proses biodrying menghasilkan emisi dengan rata-rata CO2 sebesar 6214,66 ppm. Penambahan debit udara pada proses biodrying mampu menurunkan emisi CO2 sebesar 74,5%. Debit optimum yang diperoleh dari penelitian ini adalah sebesar 6 liter/menit
Structured case reviews for organizational learning about diagnostic vulnerabilities: initial experiences from two medical centers
Authors: Mathews Benji K. , Fredrickson Mary , Sebasky Meghan , Seymann Gregory , Ramamoorthy Sonia , Vilke Gary , Sloane Christian , Thorson Emily , El-Kareh Robert 
Published: August 2019

Abstract

Background
An organization’s ability to identify and learn from opportunities for improvement (OFI) is key to increasing diagnostic safety. Many lack effective processes required to capitalize on these learning opportunities. We describe two parallel attempts at creating such a process and identifying generalizable lessons and learn from them.

Methods
Triggered case review programs were created independently at two organizations, Site 1 (Regions Hospital, HealthPartners, Saint Paul, MN, USA) and site 2 (University of California, San Diego). Both used a five-step process to create the review system and provide feedback: (1) identify trigger criteria; (2) establish a review panel; (3) develop a system to conduct reviews; (4) perform reviews; and (5) provide feedback.

Results
Site 1 identified 112 OFI in 184 case reviews (61%), with 66 (59%) provider OFI and 46 (41%) system OFI. Site 2 focused mainly on systems OFI identifying 105 OFI in 346 cases (30%). Opportunities at both sites were variable; common themes included test result management and communication across teams in peri-procedural care and with consultants. Of provider-initiated reviews, 67% of cases had an OFI at site 1 and 87% at site 2.

Conclusions
Lessons learned include the following: (1) peer review of cases provides opportunities to learn and calibrate diagnostic and management decisions at an organizational level; (2) sharing cases in review groups supports a culture of open discussion of OFIs; (3) reviews focused on diagnostic safety identify opportunities that may complement other organization-wide review opportunities.
Standard Terms Incorporation in The Global Market: A Holistic Analysis
Authors: Viglione Vincenzo 
Published: August 2019

Abstract
Corporations operate in the global market by employing standard terms to govern their dealings in a uniform and protective manner. Because of differences among jurisdictions, incorporating standard terms can be problematic, especially if companies decide to adopt a cost-effective holistic approach for a high number of their everyday dealings instead of fragmenting their policy. This paper first examines theoretical issues related to the incorporation of standard terms. It then assesses and compares methods of incorporation developed in practice to identify the ‘Legally Advisable Solution’. These methods are also tested in the main jurisdictions. In conclusion, an international model for the incorporation of standard terms is proposed.
Helping with the Homework: Support Mechanisms for Uncertain Reforms in a Monetary Union
Authors: Hefeker Carsten 
Published: August 2019

AbstractA lack of structural reforms is often considered as a major problem in many member countries of EMU. This lack is arguably partly due to uncertainty about outcomes and a disregard for how policies spill over to other countries. Monetary union can reinforce this underprovision of structural reforms. Because centralization of structural policies is politically not feasible, I discuss subsidies for reforms and insurance against negative outcomes as alternative mechanisms that increase reform efforts. The paper derives the optimal use of those mechanisms and discusses their implementability.
Some remarks on a pair of seemingly unrelated regression models
Authors: Hou Jian , Zhao Yong 
Published: August 2019

Abstract
Linear regression models are foundation of current statistical theory and have been a prominent object of study in statistical data analysis and inference. A special class of linear regression models is called the seemingly unrelated regression models (SURMs) which allow correlated observations between different regression equations. In this article, we present a general approach to SURMs under some general assumptions, including establishing closed-form expressions of the best linear unbiased predictors (BLUPs) and the best linear unbiased estimators (BLUEs) of all unknown parameters in the models, establishing necessary and sufficient conditions for a family of equalities of the predictors and estimators under the single models and the combined model to hold. Some fundamental and valuable properties of the BLUPs and BLUEs under the SURM are also presented.
Theoretical insight of alpha amino acid phenylalanine adsorption on pristine and decorated fullerenes
Authors: Kaya Mehmet Fatih , Alver Özgür , Parlak Cemal , Ramasami Ponnadurai 
Published: August 2019

Abstract
Fullerenes, with their extensive application potentials, have been receiving attention for their possible usage as drug delivery vehicles and devices for sensor technologies. In this work, the optimized molecular geometries, some diagnostic geometric parameters, electronic characteristics, natural bond orbital examinations and the interaction phenomena between C60, Si- or Al-doped C60 and phenylalanine amino acid molecule were investigated by the quantum mechanical calculations. It is observed that the impurity addition and using water as the solvent intensify the interaction between fullerene and amino acid system. These lead to various alterations in the electronic properties and NH stretching values of the clusters studied.
Computer Science and Metaphysics: A Cross-Fertilization
Authors: Kirchner Daniel , Benzmüller Christoph , Zalta Edward N. 
Published: August 2019

Abstract
Computational philosophy is the use of mechanized computational techniques to unearth philosophical insights that are either difficult or impossible to find using traditional philosophical methods. Computational metaphysics is computational philosophy with a focus on metaphysics. In this paper, we (a) develop results in modal metaphysics whose discovery was computer assisted, and (b) conclude that these results work not only to the obvious benefit of philosophy but also, less obviously, to the benefit of computer science, since the new computational techniques that led to these results may be more broadly applicable within computer science. The paper includes a description of our background methodology and how it evolved, and a discussion of our new results.
Influence of the incorporation of different chemically functionalized carbon nanotubes in polyurethane resin applied on aluminum
Authors: Gobbi Gabriela , Rossa Beltrami Lilian Vanessa , Zattera Ademir José 
Published: August 2019

Abstract
Composites based on commercial thermoplastic polyurethane resin (PU) with three different types of carbon nanotubes (CNT), in 0.5% concentration, were prepared and applied on an AA 7075 aluminum surface. CNT unfunctionalized, CNT functionalized with carboxylic groups, and CNT functionalized with amine groups were tested. The composites were evaluated by optical microscopy, adhesion, impact strength, salt spray, and electrical conductivity. In addition, a wave-guide technique between 8.2 and 12.3 GHz was used to measure the electromagnetic properties of the composites. The results showed that the CNT functionalized with amine group (NH2) presented a good interaction of the PU resin, thus forming a level and uniform film. The analyses of adhesion, direct impact, and salt spray showed that all samples presented excellent performance. Although the samples presented a low electromagnetic performance, an emerging potential for electromagnetic shielding was noticed.
Die Höhle Cougnac. Gewalt und Religion in der Höhlenmalerei
Authors: Rauer Constantin 
Published: August 2019

ZusammenfassungDie Cougnac-Höhle ist nicht nur eine der ältesten und am längsten genutzten Kultstätten der Menschheit (25.000–14.000 BP), sondern auch jenes Heiligtum, dessen Gemälde die animistischen Glaubensvorstellungen des Jungpaläolithikums deutlich vor Augen führen. Durch präzise ikonografische Bildanalysen unterscheidet der Beitrag zwischen den mythischen Darstellungen der Glaubensinhalte, den kultischen Repräsentationen der Magier, den Chiffren der Sexualsimulation sowie den magischen Riten, um alsdann deren wechselseitige Bezüge herauszuarbeiten. Dies geschieht anhand des etwa 30 m langen Frieses von Cougnac, der eine sequenzielle Bildgeschichte erzählt. Die Geschichte handelt von zwei Ermordeten, die sich reinkarnieren; der eine in ein Mammut, der andere in einen Riesenhirsch. Begleitet werden ihre Seelenwanderungen von zwei Magiern, die mit zwei Hilfsgeistern, einem Hirsch und einem Vogel, durchs Totenreich fliegen. In der nachfolgenden Bildsequenz werden Felswandvulven von aviformen Zeichen umschwärmt, wobei die Sexualisierung der Felswand ein restituierendes Gegenstück zu den anfänglichen Mordszenen darstellt. Schließlich wurden die einzelnen Szenen sowie abschließend noch eine ganze Halle mit rituellen Fingerabdrücken markiert, womit die Adepten sich auf den Felswänden verewigten und dafür im Gegenzug das Mana der Felswand empfingen. Analysiert wird auch die sehr ähnliche Bildgeschichte der Mordszene von Pech-Merle. Der Beitrag schließt mit Betrachtungen zum Todesbewusstsein im Jungpaläolithikum sowie dessen Bedeutung für die conditio humana.
Population Selection and Sequencing ofCaenorhabditis elegansWild Isolates Identifies a Region on Chromosome III Affecting Starvation Resistance
Authors: Webster Amy K , Hung Anthony , Moore Brad T , Guzman Ryan , Jordan James M , Kaplan Rebecca E W , Hibshman Jonathan D , Tanny Robyn E , Cook Daniel E , Andersen Erik , Baugh L Ryan 
Published: August 2019

AbstractTo understand the genetic basis of complex traits, it is important to be able to efficiently phenotype many genetically distinct individuals. In the nematode Caenorhabditis elegans, individuals have been isolated from diverse populations around the globe and whole-genome sequenced. As a result, hundreds of wild strains with known genome sequences can be used for genome-wide association studies (GWAS). However, phenotypic analysis of these strains can be laborious, particularly for quantitative traits requiring multiple measurements per strain. Starvation resistance is likely a fitness-proximal trait for nematodes, and it is related to metabolic disease risk in humans. However, natural variation in C. elegans starvation resistance has not been systematically characterized, and precise measurement of the trait is time-intensive. Here, we developed a population-selection-and-sequencing-based approach to phenotype starvation resistance in a pool of 96 wild strains. We used restriction site-associated DNA sequencing (RAD-seq) to infer the frequency of each strain among survivors in a mixed culture over time during starvation. We used manual starvation survival assays to validate the trait data, confirming that strains that increased in frequency over time are starvation-resistant relative to strains that decreased in frequency. Further, we found that variation in starvation resistance is significantly associated with variation at a region on chromosome III. Using a near-isogenic line (NIL), we showed the importance of this genomic interval for starvation resistance. This study demonstrates the feasibility of using population selection and sequencing in an animal model for phenotypic analysis of quantitative traits, documents natural variation of starvation resistance in C. elegans, and identifies a genomic region that contributes to such variation.
PROJETO PROFISSIONAL E DIRETRIZES CURRICULARES DO SERVIÇO SOCIAL NO BRASIL: PERSPECTIVAS POLÍTICO-PEDAGÓGICAS
Authors: Santos Cleusa Dos , Faria Sandra De 
Published: August 2019

RESUMOEste texto analisa as diretrizes curriculares para os cursos de Serviço Social no Brasil. Ressalta o desenvolvimento histórico-social das diretrizes curriculares, evidenciando o caráter político da profissão. Em relação a esta dimensão a formação profissional vincula-se ao projeto coletivo da profissão. Palavras-chave: supervisão, formação profissional, dimensão política, diretrizes curriculares.ABSTRACTThe present text analyses the syllabuses of the social services courses in Brazil. It brings up the historical and social development of the syllabuses and their political aspect. It shows how this is linked to the professional formation of the social workers.Keywords: supervision, professional training, political aspects, syllabuses.
O GENOGRAMA COMO INSTRUMENTO DE AVALIAÇÃO FAMILIAR: UMA REVISÃO INTEGRATIVA
Authors: Ferreira Pablo Da Mata , Coutinho Disllane Hildebrando , Nascimento Angelo Augusto Paula 
Published: August 2019

O objetivo deste estudo é apresentar um referencial teórico que auxilie a avaliação familiar por meio da construção de genogramas. Trata-se de uma revisão integrativa com pesquisa em livros e manuais sobre o tema proposto e bases de dados da Lilacs, Pubmed e Scielo, sendo consultados artigos originais sobre o tema publicado nos anos de 2002 a 2015. Os artigos foram avaliados e analisados obedecendo aos seguintes critérios de inclusão: artigos e estudos escritos e publicados no ano 2002 até o ano de 2015; escritos em português, inglês ou espanhol; podendo ser estudos transversais, relatos de caso, artigos de revisão literária e ainda livros e manuais baseados no tema proposto. Foram excluídos os artigos com repetições e os textos que não tratavam da temática definida e impossibilidade de acesso aos mesmos na íntegra. A pesquisa resultou em um total de 75 publicações, destas, um livro, dois manuais e 72 artigos. Quanto aos artigos, após leitura de resumos, foram selecionados 52 para leitura na íntegra. Ao final, 38 artigos foram excluídos considerando os critérios estipulados, resultando 14 estudos adequados à metodologia adotada. Pode-se concluir por meio do estudo a relevância da utilização do Genograma como instrumento de avaliação familiar e espera-se que sirva como estímulo na sua divulgação e contribuição terapêutica, de maneira a proporcionar uma assistência sistemática, ampliando as expectativas sobre a família e ainda minimizando os questionamentos existentes para sua execução, suprindo assim as dificuldades sobre o método avaliativo.