bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Intracellular Signaling Mechanisms Involved in the Biological Effects of the Xanthophyll Carotenoid Astaxanthin to Prevent the Photo‐aging of the Skin in a Reactive Oxygen Species Depletion‐independent Manner: The Key Role of Mitogen and Stress‐activated Protein Kinase 1
Authors: Imokawa Genji 
Published: October 2018

AbstractIn the first review, we summarized the biological effects of the xanthophyll carotenoid astaxanthin (AX) to prevent UV‐induced cutaneous inflammation, abnormal keratinization, pigmentation, and wrinkling in a manner independent of the depletion of reactive oxygen species. In this manuscript, we review what is known about the intracellular signaling mechanisms that are involved in those effects in keratinocytes and in melanocytes. Our research has characterized the intracellular stress signaling mechanism(s) that are involved in the up‐regulated expression of genes encoding cyclooxygenase (COX2), interleukin (IL)‐8, granulocyte macrophage colony stimulatory factor (GM‐CSF), and transglutaminase (TGase)1 in UVB‐exposed keratinocytes as well as in the stimulated transcription and/or translation of melanogenic factors, including microphthalmia‐associated transcription factor (MITF), in stem cell factor (SCF)‐treated melanocytes. The results reveal that while the expression of COX2, IL‐8, GM‐CSF, and TGase1 stimulated by UVB is due to effects primarily via the NFκB pathway, that stimulation can be abrogated by specifically interrupting the p38/MSK1/NFκBp65Ser276 axis. Further, the stimulation of melanogenesis by SCF can be inhibited by disrupting the phosphorylation of MSK1 via the p38, MSK1, CREB, and MITF axis. The sum of these findings provides new evidence for the interruption of ROS depletion independent‐signaling by antioxidants.
Average Clinician‐Measured Blood Pressures and Cardiovascular Outcomes in Patients With Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus and Ischemic Heart Disease in the EXAMINE Trial
Authors: White William B. , Jalil Fatima , Cushman William C. , Bakris George L. , Bergenstal Richard , Heller Simon R. , Liu Yuyin , Mehta Cyrus , Zannad Faiez , Cannon Christopher P. 
Published: October 2018

Background

Blood pressure (
BP
) treatment goals in patients with diabetes mellitus and increased cardiovascular risk remain controversial. Our study objective was to determine cardiovascular outcomes according to achieved
BP
s over the average follow‐up period in the EXAMINE (Examination of Cardiovascular Outcomes With Alogliptin Versus Standard of Care) trial.

Methods and Results

EXAMINE
was a cardiovascular outcomes trial in 5380 patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus and recent acute coronary syndromes. Risks of major adverse cardiac events and cardiovascular death or heart failure were analyzed using a Cox proportional hazards model with adjustment for baseline covariates in 10‐mm Hg increments of clinician‐measured systolic
BP
from ≤100 to >160 mm Hg and diastolic
BP
from ≤60 to >100 mm Hg averaged during the 24 months after randomization. Based on 2015 guidelines from the American College of Cardiology, the American Heart Association and the American Society of Hypertension and 2017 American Diabetes Association guidelines, systolic
BP
s of 131 to 140 mm Hg and diastolic
BP
s of 81 to 90 mm Hg were the reference groups. A U‐shaped relationship between cardiovascular outcomes and
BP
s was observed. Importantly, compared with the systolic
BP
reference group, adjusted hazard ratios for major adverse cardiac events and cardiovascular death or heart failure were significantly higher in patients with systolic
BP
s <130 mm Hg. Similarly, compared with the diastolic
BP
reference group, adjusted hazard ratios for major adverse cardiac events and for cardiovascular death or heart failure were significantly higher for diastolic
BP
s <80 mm Hg.

Conclusions

In patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus and recent acute coronary syndrome, average
BP
s <130/80 mm Hg were associated with worsened cardiovascular outcomes. These data suggest that intensive control of
BP
in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus and ischemic heart disease should be evaluated in a prospective randomized trial.

Clinical Trial Registration

URL
:
https://www.clinicaltrials.gov
. Unique identifier:
NCT
00968708.
Individuals’ experiences of Insight Improvisation in Korea: Self-discovery, challenges and breakthroughs
Authors: Jung Sooji 
Published: October 2018

Abstract
Insight Improvisation, a form of drama therapy incorporating ideas and practices from mindfulness meditation, has many potential benefits for Koreans. Despite the challenges in introducing a new form, it has been shown to be effective in helping individuals achieve personal insights, increase awareness of their body and feeling state, and support those who tend to be introverted in expressing themselves. This article specifically focuses on the benefits and challenges of applying Insight Improvisation to a Korean historical and cultural context.
The influence of Japanese popular culture on learning Japanese
Authors: Northwood Barbara M. 
Published: October 2018

Abstract
This article presents the case that because students like Japanese popular culture (JPC) it can motivate them to take up Japanese language study, and not only that, but can influence them to continue their study. This stance is supported with findings from a research project undertaken in Sydney Australia. Learner motivational trajectories reveal that a strong interest in JPC is intertwined with the motivation to learn Japanese sometimes to the point of becoming a passion. Consequently, harmonious passion (HP) is examined in regards to Motivation and a striking similarity is found. Learning Japanese can take place effortlessly through engagement in JPC and is described as ‘effortless effort’ (e-e). It is linked to directed motivational current (DMC), an attractor state within complex dynamic systems theory (CDST). Questionnaire outcomes and excerpts from interviews with university learners portray the influence of JPC on learning Japanese and the role it plays in developing language identities.
The Good-Directedness of Τέχνη and the Status of Rhetoric in the Platonic Dialogues
Authors: Hulme Kozey Emily 
Published: October 2018

AbstractDoes a τέχνη, qua τέχνη, need to be good-directed? On the basis of theGorgias, many scholars have thought the answer is yes; I argue here to the contrary. There are, of course, many beneficial τέχναι, such as medicine and weaving; and there are even unconditionally good τέχναι, like the πολιτικὴ τέχνη; but Plato also happily construes piracy as a τέχνη in theSophist, and, more normally, all sorts of neutral practices as τέχναι (e.g., drama). In order to make this argument, I provide a taxonomy of the different kinds of τέχναι and demonstrate that, across the corpus, there does not seem to be a good-directedness requirement. I then address the evidence of theGorgias, where most commentators find a connection between τέχνη and good-directedness. I argue that this interpretation is incorrect, and that rhetoric in fact fails to be a τέχνη in theGorgiassolely because it is unable to give a rational account. A close reading of theGorgiasshows that this is a plausible interpretation, and comparison with thePhaedrusreinforces the point: in both dialogues, whether rhetoric will be a τέχνη or not hinges only on the question of rationality, not a good-directedness condition.
The Physiology of Phantasmata in Aristotle: between Sensation and Digestion
Authors: Bubb Claire 
Published: October 2018

AbstractIn this article, I foreground the physiology ofphantasiain Aristotle, which has been comparatively understudied. In the first section, I offer a new interpretation of the relationship betweenaisthēmata(sense perceptions) andphantasmata, based on passages in theDe Animaand theParva Naturalia, and for a nuanced understanding of their respective substrates in the body, which I argue to be connate pneuma and blood. In the second section, I draw out the ramifications of this physiological presence ofphantasmatain the blood and compare the integration ofphantasmatainto a person or animal’s experiential history with the process of digestion. Both processes, I contend, require internalization of foreign elements as well as their optimal organization; more strikingly, both processes occur in the same substance, in the same location, and, perhaps, at the same time.
Was Eudaimonism Ancient Greek Common Sense?
Authors: Schuh Guy 
Published: October 2018

AbstractI argue that Eudaimonism was not Ancient Greek common sense. After dividing Eudaimonism into Psychological and Normative varieties, I present evidence from Greek literature that the Ancient Greeks did not commonsensically accept Eudaimonism. I then review, and critique, evidence that has been offered for the opposite claim that Eudaimonism was Ancient Greek common sense. This claim is often called on to explain why Ancient Greek philosophers embraced Eudaimonism; the idea is that they did so because it was the ethical common sense of their day. But, according to the case I make in this paper, this explanation cannot stand. Those looking to explain the Eudaimonistic character of Ancient Greek ethical thought must turn to other explanations.
Hydraulic Study of Bubble Migration in Liquid Titanium Alloy Melt during Vertical Centrifugal Casting Process
Authors: Xu Qin , Wang Xing , Wu Shiping 
Published: October 2018

Abstract
The bubble migration in liquid titanium melt during vertical centrifugal casting process has been investigated by hydraulic experiments. Results show that the gas bubble in the simple cavity ultimately migrates like a line parallel to the wall in the opposite direction to the rotational casting mould. The deviation distance of the bubble in the simple geometry cavity tends to increase with the increment of the mould rotational speed during the migration process. And the gas bubble is much easier to migrate like a line when its initial position is nearer to the casting mould wall which is opposite to the mould rotational direction. The migration trajectories of bubbles located at different position in the complex cavity are more complicated than that in the simple cavity. The casting mould in the complex cavity can hamper both the radial movement and the circular movement of the bubble. And gas bubbles will gather, re-nucleate and form new bigger bubbles beside the casting mould wall. The re-formed gas bubbles in the complex cavity become bigger than which escape from bubble generation chamber.
“As Your Name Indicates”: Philological Arguments in Akkadian Disputations
Authors: Jiménez Enrique 
Published: October 2018

AbstractContenders in Akkadian disputation poems make use of a large array of arguments to build their cases. The most common ones are material arguments, which rely on the benefits that they offer to humans. A second type of argument, termed here philological, is predicated on the alleged superiority of a litigant’s name or title over its rival’s. This superiority is demonstrated by means of the same set of hermeneutical techniques that are found in Mesopotamian exegesis and Mesopotamian literature at large. The present paper collects the philological arguments that can be found in debate poetry, discusses their discursive role and studies their parallels in Sumerian and Akkadian literature. Particular attention is given to the phrase mu-ni|bi-gin₇ ||kīma šumīšū-ma, “like its name,” which is argued to be a technical term for introducing such philological discussions. Akkadian debate poems are lighthearted texts, but elucubrations of this type are common in serious texts as well. This fact suggests we should take these arguments seriously, however unpalatable from a modern etymological point of view they might be, just like the fanciful etymologies of Plato’sCratylus.
LEGAL EDUCATION IN THE BRICS COUNTRIES IN THE CONTEXT OF GLOBALIZATION: A COMPARATIVE ANALYSIS
Authors: Vinnichenko O. , Gladun E. 
Published: October 2018

Legal education in the contemporary world is changing. The main influences are linked to developments in transportation and communication and the enmeshing of diverse economies embraced by globalization. Law schools confront more mobile and more ambitious students who wish to experience different jurisdictional practices, to serve the increasingly global business community and to be more competitive. This research examines the modifications required in legal education as a result of globalization with specific reference to law schools in the BRICS countries of Brazil, Russia, India and China.Research on higher education, and legal education in particular, has been growing in recent years, yet there is still a gap in the study and comparison of the specifics of legal education within the BRICS countries. This research makes an attempt to analyze and contrast the current goals, objectives, structure and quality of higher legal education in Brazil, Russia, India and China. The specifics of law schools have been studied over the past twenty years in correlation with economic, cultural and education trends in BRICS and globally.Based on research literature, practitioner literature and legislative sources, this paper outlines common and special features of lawyer training in BRICS. The prime similarity of the legal education systems in BRICS are global education trends and the influence of the U.S. and UK education systems. Each BRICS country experienced an “explosion” in the popularity of legal education and, consequently, the urgent need to reform the education process in order to attain better quality and affordability. The result of these reforms, taking place in each country from 1950 to today, has become the growing differentiator of the educational institutions, turning them into “elite” and “mass” law schools.The facets of legal education in Brazil, Russia, India and China are attributed to their national policies as well as the historical development of the educational institutions and their perception of what specific lawyer skills and competencies are demanded by the legal market and national population. We conclude that the structure and quality of legal education as well as the requirements and monitoring tools vary in each country. These are dependent on several factors: the specific country’s ideology, its economic development, its proximity to an “Eastern” or “Western” model, its ability to learn from foreign education systems and its attempts at self-identification in the global educational space.
STRATEGI PENGELOLAAN WARISAN BUDAYA BERBASIS PERAN MASYARAKAT DI KECAMATAN LASEM KABUPATEN REMBANG
Authors: Purbasari Riris 
Published: October 2018

ABSTRACTLasem is one of Sub Districts in Rembang Regency located in north coast of central part of Java Island. The strategic position of Lasem that is located on maritime and over-land trading route has made this area since 500 BC inhabited and has passed many different periods of human settlement ranging from prehistory, classic (Hinduism-Buddhism), Islam, colonial periods and until today. That long period of human settlements has left for us now heritages of various cultural influences including Javanese, Chinese, European, Hinduism-Buddhism, and Islamic culture. Heritage is finite and un-renewable in its nature so that it needs to be managed in order to outlive and to be inherited to the next generations. In Lasem, people have been relatively aware of that. Communities in Lasem represented by their organizations have their agendas of appreciating and preserving their heritage. However, they did them individually or not in good coordination of each other. The situation then generates an idea of coordinating activities done by communities in Lasem. Active role of those communities have to be guided and developed so that the purpose of appreciating and preserving their heritage can be achieved. This is intended as for management of heritage can be done continually. Key words: Lasem, Heritage, Heritage Management, Community based ABSTRAKLasem adalah sebuah kecamatan di Kabupaten Rembang yang terletak di pesisir utara Pulau Jawa bagian tengah. Lasem memiliki potensi luar biasa antara lain terletak di jalur perdagangan laut dan darat yang telah didiami sejak 500 tahun Sebelum Masehi diawali oleh manusia masa prasejarah, klasik, Islam, kolonial, hingga saat ini. Masa hunian manusia yang panjang di Lasem meninggalkan warisan budaya dengan berbagai pengaruh budaya diantaranya Jawa, Cina, Eropa, Klasik, dan Islam yang sebagian masih dapat dijumpai hingga saat ini. Namun demikian, warisan budaya bersifat terbatas dan tidak dapat diperbaharui sehingga perlu untuk dikelola agar berusia lebih panjang agar dapat diwariskan kembali kepada generasi selanjutnya. Pengelolaan warisan budaya yang dilakukan oleh masyarakat Lasem selama ini masih bersifat terpisah-pisah satu sama lain. Namun, peran aktif masyarakat terus dibina dan ditingkatkan agar tujuan pengelolaan warisan budaya yang berbasis masyarakat dapat segera dicapai. Pemilihan pengelolaan oleh masyarakat setempat bertujuan agar pengelolaan yang dilakukan dapat berkelanjutan. Kata Kunci: Lasem, Pengelolaan, Warisan Budaya, Basis Masyarakat.
PARIWISATA PUSAKA: DESTINASI DAN MOTIVASI WISATA DI PUSAKA SAUJANA IMOGIRI YOGYAKARTA
Authors: Rani Fitria Puspita , Kusuma Hanson E , Ardhyanto Athina 
Published: October 2018

ABSTRACTImogiri area is an area that has an important role in the history of the city of Yogyakarta. Imogiri is a Saujana Heritage Area because it has the potential of nature heritage and cultural heritage. Through several studies entering into strategic areas to get priority in the development, especially the development of heritage tourism. The purpose of this study is to find tourist destinations in Imogiri the most popular and the motivation of tourist visits. The study used qualitative methods with data collection through online surveys in the form of questionnaires. From the results of the analysis found that the most popular destination by visitors is a natural tourist attractions, while the main motivation of the visit is the desire of tourists to perform recreational activities. The results of this study can be useful in determining the priority and space program required in the development of heritage tourism in Imogiri Area.Keywords: Cultural Landscape, Imogiri, Heritage Tourism, Yogyakarta. ABSTRAKKawasan Imogiri adalah sebuah kawasan yang memiliki peran penting dalam perjalanan sejarah Kota Yogyakarta. Imogiri merupakan Kawasan Pusaka Saujana karena memiliki potensi pusaka alam dan pusaka budaya. Melalui beberapa kajian masuk dalam kawasan strategis sehingga mendapat prioritas dalam pengembangannya, khususnya pengembangan pariwisata pusaka. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah menemukan destinasi wisata di Imogiri yang paling banyak diminati serta motivasi kunjungan wisatawan. Penelitian menggunakan metode kualitatif dengan pengumpulan data melalui survei online dalam bentuk kuesioner. Dari hasil analisis ditemukan bahwa destinasi yang paling diminati oleh pengunjung adalah tempat wisata alam, sedangkan motivasi kunjungan yang utama adalah keinginan wisatawan untuk melakukan kegiatan rekreasi. Hasil dari penelitian ini bermanfaat dalam menentukan prioritas serta merumuskan program ruang yang diperlukan dalam pengembangan pariwisata pusaka di Kawasan Imogiri.Kata Kunci: Imogiri, Pariwisata Pusaka, Pusaka Saujana, Yogyakarta
Concepciones de educadores en formación sobre la autorregulación del aprendizaje y la práctica profesional
Authors: García Montero Ivet , Castellanos Simons Doris 
Published: October 2018

El artículo presenta los avances de un proyecto más amplio que se desarrolla en una unidad de la Universidad Pedagógica Nacional, México, con 32 estudiantes de la Licenciatura en Intervención Educativa, con miras a fortalecer la calidad de los procesos de formación profesional y de aprendizaje desde una perspectiva integradora que tome en cuenta factores diversos. En particular, se reportan aquí resultados parciales de una etapa que tuvo como objetivos identificar sus concepciones sobre el proceso de autorregulación y el papel que tiene en la formación profesional, así como conocer sus representaciones acerca de su futura práctica educativa, las exigencias que la impactan y las necesidades formativas propias en el contexto sociocultural actual. El estudio se enmarca en el modelo cualitativo; su diseño corresponde a la investigación acción participativa, cuya consecución posibilitó la participación activa de los estudiantes en las acciones de reflexión, problematización y de búsqueda de solución práctica de sus necesidades. Se emplearon grupos focales, la observación participante, cuestionarios y entrevistas. Los resultados muestran que los estudiantes poseen escasos conocimientos acerca de la autorregulación y de su papel en sus procesos formativos. Se concluye que la importancia de comprender la autorregulación es un proceso complejo, cuya formación se relaciona tanto con procesos psicológicos, como con factores socioculturales y educativos diversos que deben ser desarrollados para promover nuevas competencias de estructuración, contextualización y gestión de los saberes, que los estudiantes necesitan para transformar su realidad y transformarse a sí mismos en su trayecto académico.
Integrated analysis of proteomics‐delineated and metabolomics‐delineated hepatic metabolic responses to (−)‐hydroxycitric acid in chick embryos
Authors: Peng Mengling , He Qianqian , Li Shengnan , Li Longlong , Ma Haitian 
Published: October 2018

Abstract(−)‐Hydroxycitric acid [(−)‐HCA] is widely used as a nutritional supplement to control body weight and fat accumulation in animals and humans, whereas the underlying biochemical mechanism is unclear. Broiler chicken was used as a model for studies of obesity due to its natural hyperglycemia and being insulin resistant. The current study aimed to obtain a systematic view of serum metabolites and hepatic proteins and well understand the mechanism of hepatic metabolic response to (−)‐HCA treatment in chick embryos. The results showed that 22, 90, and 82 of differentially expressed proteins were identified at E14d, E19d, and H1d in chick embryos treated with (−)‐HCA, respectively. Meanwhile, 5, 83, and 88 of serum metabolites significantly changed at E14d, E19d, and H1d in chick embryos after (−)‐HCA treatment. Bioinformatics analysis showed that the key proteins and metabolites, which were significantly altered in chick embryos treated with (−)‐HCA, were mainly involved in the citrate cycle, glycolysis/gluconeogenesis, fatty acid metabolism, and pyruvate metabolism. Our data indicated that (−)‐HCA treatment might promote fat metabolism via regulating the key protein expression levels and metabolite contents in the citrate cycle, glycolysis/gluconeogenesis, and oxidative phosphorylation during chicken embryonic development. These results will deepen our understanding of the mechanism of fat reduction by (−)‐HCA and provide substantial information for (−)‐HCA as a nutritional supplement to control body weight gain and curb obesity‐related diseases.