bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Micellar enhanced spectrofluorimetric approach for nanogram detection of certain α1‐blocker drugs: Application in pharmaceutical preparations and human plasma
Authors: Omar Mahmoud A. , Hammad Mohamed A. , Salman Baher I. 
Published: August 2018

AbstractAlpha1‐adrenergic‐blocking drugs, namely; alfuzosin hydrochloride (ALF), doxazosin mesylate (DOX) and terazosin hydrochloride (TER) are effective as antihypertensive agents as well as in management of benign prostatic hypertrophy. In this study, a simple, very fast, highly sensitive and cheap technique was optimized for assay of these drugs in pure states and pharmaceutical tablets. The proposed method is dependent on enhancement of the native fluorescence of investigated drugs using the polyoxyethylene 50 stearate (POE50S) micellar system. The method showed excitation at 325, 340 and 250 nm for ALF, DOX and TER, respectively and an emission maxima at 382 nm. The fluorescence intensity–concentration charts of studied drugs were attained utilizing concentration ranges (2.0–60.0 ng mL−1) for DOX and (4.0–100.0 ng mL−1) for ALF and TER with quantitation limits 2.9, 1.6 and 2.5 ng mL−1for ALF, DOX and TER, respectively. The suggested technique was approved according to International Council for Harmonisation (ICH) standards and the United States Food and Drug Administration (US FDA) bioanalytical method validation and has been effectively applied for assay of these medications in their dosage forms as well as for content uniformity test. The developed procedure was also efficiently applied for determination of these drugs in real human plasma with high accuracy.
Community initiative investments as a strategy for development‐led business: Comparative analysis
Authors: Anbarasan Periyasami , Sushil  
Published: August 2018

AbstractBusinesses have the potential to enhance the livelihoods of societies and individuals. Business activities do not occur in isolation but instead are an integral part of social activities. There may be developmental activities that cause the loss of livelihood due to involvement in mass production; therefore, responsibility is not enforced in business operations, and local communities must be viewed as integral parts of business activities. Development activities may not be sufficient to support the business activities; only an increase in income will decrease poverty. Therefore, low incomes must be addressed by expanding the local communities' capabilities. Hence, community initiative investment is a strategy for development‐led business that is demonstrated by the two case studies of Dabur and Tech Mahindra. Total interpretive structural modeling is developed, reverse causality is discussed, and the study is validated by a simple linear regression analysis. Further implications and the future scope of this research are discussed.
Treatment of solar lentigines using a combination of picosecond laser and biophotonic treatment
Authors: Scarcella Giuseppe , Dethlefsen Markus Wied , Nielsen Michael Canova Engelbrecht 
Published: August 2018

Key Clinical MessageTreating solar lentigines using picosecond‐switched lasers that selectively remove the excess pigment was combined with Kleresca® biophotonic treatment. This therapy uses fluorescent light energy to stimulate healing by increasing collagen production and reducing inflammation. Combining these therapies successfully removed solar lentigines and achieved normalized and rejuvenated treated skin.
Near‐Infrared Light Responsive Imaging‐Guided Photothermal and Photodynamic Synergistic Therapy Nanoplatform Based on Carbon Nanohorns for Efficient Cancer Treatment
Authors: Gao Cunji , Dong Pei , Lin Zhaoxing , Guo Xiaolu , Jiang Bang‐Ping , Ji Shichen , Liang Hong , Shen Xing‐Can 
Published: August 2018

AbstractInvited for the cover of this issue is the group of Xing‐Can Shen at the Guangxi Normal University. The image depicts how SWNH‐ICGs efficiently inhibit the growth of tumor cells under NIR light irradiation. Read the full text of the article at 10.1002/chem.201802611.
Hydrolytischer Faulschlammaufschluss durch Direktdampfeinspeisung
Authors: Herter Alexander , Rädle Matthias , Weigert Claudia , Methner Frank‐Jürgen 
Published: August 2018

AbstractWährend der Fermentation von Faulschlamm werden die organischen Inhaltsstoffe etwa zur Hälfte von Mikroben zu Biogas umgewandelt, bevor dieser einer Verwertung zugeführt wird. Über ein Aufbereitungsverfahren wie die in diesem Beitrag vorgestellte Thermodruckhydrolyse, kann die Bioverfügbarkeit der organischen Inhaltsstoffe für die Fermentation erhöht werden. Der hydrolytische Faulschlammaufschluss sieht Direktdampf zum Aufheizen der Biomasse vor. Somit kann das Fouling von Wärmeenergie‐übertragenden Flächen vermieden werden. Das Konzept wird dvorgestellt und erste experimentelle Ergebnisse und Anwendungsbeispiele werden gezeigt.
Carbon2Polymer – Chemical Utilization of CO2 in the Production of Isocyanates
Authors: Leitner Walter , Franciò Giancarlo , Scott Martin , Westhues Christian , Langanke Jens , Lansing Markus , Hussong Christine , Erdkamp Eric 
Published: August 2018

AbstractCO2 was investigated as carbon source for the synthesis of the polymer precursor toluene‐2,4‐diisocyanate (TDI). A four‐step synthesis was envisaged. The first step, i.e., the Ru‐catalyzed CO2 hydrogenation to [HCOOH·amine] adducts, was carried out under biphasic conditions allowing for straightforward reutilization of the catalyst phase. The investigation of the second step, the esterification of formic acid with methanol to yield methyl formate (MF), is ongoing with a strong focus on the integration with the hydrogenation step. The potential hazards of the third step, the Pd‐catalyzed oxidative carbonylation of toluene‐2,4‐diamine with MF, have been addressed developing a sophisticated protocol for a safe operation with organics/CO/O2 mixtures. For the final step, the carbamate cleavage of toluene‐2,4‐dicarbamate (TDC) towards TDI, monofunctional model substrates and TDC were cleaved in the presence of bifunctional catalysts. The obtained kinetic data allowed to implement the reaction in a continuous stirred‐tank reactor and will serve as starting point for further process optimization.
Impact of glucose concentration on productivity and yield of hydrogen production by the new isolate Clostridium beijerinckii Br21
Authors: Constante Fonseca Bruna , Schmidell Willibaldo , Reginatto Valeria 
Published: August 2018

AbstractThis paper presents a detailed analysis of the batch kinetic fermentative assays data used to evaluate how glucose concentration influences fermentative H2 production, including the non‐dissociated acid concentration threshold, with the new isolate Clostridium beijerinckii Br21. Fermentative batch assays for hydrogen (H2) production were conducted with initial glucose concentrations of 5.2, 27.2, 54.4, 97.2, or 154.4 mmol/L without pH control. The dry cell mass (X), glucose (S), and product (H2) concentrations and the pH were monitored for 60 h. Increasing initial glucose concentration raised the maximum specific H2 production rate to values as high as 1.19 mmol H2/mg X · h. However, the H2 production yield (YH2/S) decreased from 2.23 to 0.2 mmol H2/mmol glucose. The initial glucose concentration that provided the best compromise between YH2/S and H2 productivity was 37 mmol/L (6.7 g/L). The lactic acid, acetic acid, and butyric acid concentrations enhanced at higher initial glucose concentrations, leading to the largest pH decrease. Lower pH favoured non‐dissociated acids, which switched the Clostridium metabolism to solventogenesis. The threshold acid concentrations for C. beijerinckii Br21 solventogenesis were non‐dissociated butyric acid at 8 mmol/L and total non‐dissociated acetic and butyric acids at 13 mmol/L. Glucose supply and pH control in continuous or fed‐batch biorreactors could culminate in higher H2 productivity and yield by C. beijerinckii Br21.
Benchmarked small area prediction
Authors: Berg Emily , Fuller Wayne A. 
Published: August 2018

AbstractSmall area estimation often involves constructing predictions with an estimated model followed by a benchmarking step. In the benchmarking operation, the predictions are modified so that weighted sums satisfy constraints. The most common constraint is the constraint that a weighted sum of predictions is equal to the same weighted sum of the original observations. Two benchmarking procedures for nonlinear models are proposed: a linear additive adjustment and a method based on an augmented model for the expectation function. Variance estimators for benchmarked predictors are presented and vetted through simulation studies. The benchmarking procedures are applied to county estimates of the proportion of area in cropland using data from the National Resources Inventory. The Canadian Journal of Statistics 46: 482–500; 2018 © 2018 Statistical Society of Canada
Characterization of a novel Drosophila melanogaster cis‐regulatory module that drives gene expression to the larval tracheal system and adult thoracic musculature
Authors: Wester Jorge Victor Wilfredo Cachay , Lima Carlos Antonio Couto , Machado Maiaro Cabral Rosa , Zampar Patrícia Vieira , Tavares Simone Sakagute , Monesi Nadia 
Published: August 2018

SummaryIn a previous bioinformatics analysis we identified 10 conserved Drosophila melanogaster sequences that reside upstream from protein coding genes (CGs). Here we characterize one of these genomic regions, which constitutes a Drosophila melanogaster cis‐regulatory module (CRM) that we denominate TT‐CRM. The TT‐CRM is 646 bp long and is located in one of the introns of CG32239 and resides about 3,500 bp upstream of CG13711 and about 620 bp upstream of CG12493. Analysis of 646 bp‐lacZ lines revealed that TT‐CRM drives gene expression not only to the larval, prepupal, and pupal tracheal system but also to the adult dorsal longitudinal muscles. The patterns of mRNA expression of the transgene and of the CGs that lie in the vicinity of TT‐CRM were investigated both in dissected trachea and in adult thoraces. Through RT‐qPCR we observed that in the tracheal system the pattern of expression of 646 bp‐lacZ is similar to the pattern of expression of CG32239 and CG13711, whereas in the thoracic muscles 646 bp‐lacZ expression accompanies the expression of CG12493. Together, these results suggest new functions for two previously characterized D. melanogaster genes and also contribute to the initial characterization of a novel CRM that drives a dynamic pattern of expression throughout development.
Daily motor characteristics in children with developmental coordination disorder and in children with specific learning disorder
Authors: Baldi Silvia , Caravale Barbara , Presaghi Fabio 
Published: August 2018

An association between learning disorders and coordination problems has been reported in several studies over the last few decades. In this study, we have investigated daily motor characteristics in children with a diagnosis of specific learning disorder (SLD) and compared them with those of children with developmental coordination disorder (DCD) and those of typically developing controls. Ninety‐six children aged 5 to 12 years were included: 29 with a diagnosis of SLD, 33 of DCD, and 34 controls. The Italian version of the Developmental Coordination Disorder Questionnaire 2007 (DCDQ‐Italian) was used to measure children's coordination in everyday functional activities. The mean DCDQ‐Italian total score was significantly lower in both SLD and DCD groups as compared with controls. Regarding subscores, both clinical groups scored significantly lower than controls on “Fine motor/handwriting” skills and on “General coordination.” The DCD group scored also significantly lower than controls on “Control during movement.” Moreover, clinical groups differed from each other, with SLD children scoring significantly higher on “Control during movement” and “General coordination” subscores. SLD children diverged from typically developing children in some motor skills during ordinary activities, and although this discrepancy was not as severe as in DCD children, it could have an impact on self‐esteem and sport inclusion.
Noise monitoring method inside IC using full‐digital circuits under actual environment
Authors: Fujimoto Daisuke , Hayashi Yu‐ichi 
Published: August 2018

AbstractIn our daily lives, information devices are interconnected each other. So, there is a possibility that the immunity may degrade compared to the single unit under the actual use environment, and it may be susceptible to interference from external noise. To evaluate the noise in such a real environment, we propose a dynamically configurable noise measuring circuit. The proposed measurement circuit has high dynamic range and measures noise with high resolution in time domains. Through experiments, we implement the proposal circuit in a FPGA and show that the proposed circuit can accurately measure the conducted noise propagating from the outside of the circuit.
Evaluation and Comparison of Lipid Composition, Oxidation Stability, and Antioxidant Capacity of Sesame Oil: An Industrial‐Scale Study Based on Oil Extraction Method
Authors: Shi Longkai , Zheng Li , Zhang Yiren , Liu Ruijie , Chang Ming , Huang Jianhua , Jin Qingzhe , Zhang Hui , Wang Xingguo 
Published: August 2018

Sesame oils are widely consumed around the world, but a study on their lipid composition, oxidation stability, and free radical scavenging capacity is limited. In this article, characterizations of 13 sesame oils extracted by four different processing techniques are evaluated. The results show that triacylglycerol and fatty acid compositions are not significantly affected by the oil extraction technology. However, differences in minor component composition, oxidation stability, and free radical scavenging capacity among the various sesame oil samples are observed. Roasted sesame oils are much better than refined and cold pressed sesame oils, especially in terms of their oxidation stability and antioxidant capacity. Further, the results observed verify that qualities of the final oils can be affected by the processing technologies such as roasting and oil refining processes. This work may help manufacturers to produce sesame oil products with high nutritional value, abundant natural antioxidants, and better bioactive properties.Practical Applications: Four extraction methods are used to extract sesame oils from sesame seeds on an industrial‐scale. Roasting is a critical process to create natural antioxidants like Maillard reaction products and sesamol showing strong reductive activity, thus improving the antioxidant capacity and stability of the obtained oil product. The results also indicate that one should pay close attention to some specific crafts like roasting and oil refining during sesame oil processing procedure, which would intensively influence the character of the commercial oil product.In the present study, profiles of 13 sesame oils obtained by four different processing techniques (hot pressing, cold pressing, solvent extraction, and aqueous extraction) are evaluated. Differences of fatty acid and triacylglycerol compositions among the test sesame oils are not significant. However, the contents of minor component, oxidative stability, and in vitro antioxidant capacity are considerably different. Roasted sesame oils (HPSOs and SMSOs) are much better than the other two kinds (CPSOs and RSOs), which show superior oxidative stability and free radical scavenging capacity.
Global metabolomic responses in urine from atm deficient mice in response to LD50/30 gamma irradiation doses
Authors: Laiakis Evagelia C. , Mak Tytus D. , Strawn Steven J. , Wang Yi‐Wen , Moon Bo‐Hyun , Ake Pelagie , Fornace Albert J 
Published: August 2018

Exposures to ionizing radiation (IR) may either be accidental or intentional, for medical purposes or even through terrorist actions. As certain populations emerge to be more radiosensitive than others, it is imperative to assess those individuals and treat them accordingly. To demonstrate the feasibility of rapid identification of such cases, we utilized the highly radiosensitive mouse model Atm–/– in the C57BL/6 background, and evaluated the urinary responses in 8–10 week old male mice at early time points (4, 24, and 72 h) after exposure to their respective LD50/30 doses [4 Gy for Atm–/–, and 8 Gy for wild type (WT)]. Urinary profiles from heterozygous animals exhibited remarkably similar responses to WT before and after radiation exposure. However, genotypic differences (WT or Atm–/–) were the primary driver to responses to radiation. Putative metabolites were validated through tandem mass spectrometry and included riboflavin, uric acid, d‐ribose, d‐glucose, pantothenic acid, taurine, kynurenic acid, xanthurenic acid, 2‐oxoadipic acid, glutaric acid, 5′‐deoxy‐5′‐methylthioadenosine, and hippuric acid. These metabolites mapped to several interconnected metabolic pathways which suggest that radiosensitive mouse models have underlying differences significantly impacting overall metabolism. This was further amplified by ionizing radiation at different time points. This study further emphasizes that genetically based radiosensitivity is reflected in the metabolic processes, and can be directly observed in urine. These differences in turn can potentially be used to identify individuals that may require altered medical treatment in an emergency radiological situation or modification of a regimen during a radiotherapy session. Environ. Mol. Mutagen. 59:576–585, 2018. © 2018 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Food addiction and other addictive behaviours in bariatric surgery candidates
Authors: Müller Astrid , Leukefeld Crispin , Hase Carolin , Gruner‐Labitzke Kerstin , Mall Julian W. , Köhler Hinrich , de Zwaan Martina 
Published: August 2018

AbstractObjectiveThe present study investigated the association between food addiction (FA) and other addictive behaviours in 216 bariatric surgery candidates (91.7% class 3 obesity; 80.1% women; age Mdn = 44.00 years, range 18–73).MethodAssessment included the Yale Food Addiction Scale 2.0 (YFAS 2.0) and standardized self‐report questionnaires to measure symptoms of disorders related to substance use (alcohol and nicotine) and behavioural addictions (gambling, Internet‐use, buying, hypersexual disorders, and exercise dependence).ResultsBivariate correlations indicated a moderate relationship of YFAS 2.0 FA symptoms with buying disorder symptoms and a weak association with Internet‐use disorder symptoms. Fifty‐nine patients (27.3%) met the YFAS 2.0 threshold for FA, 1.9% for alcohol use disorder, 6.0% for nicotine use disorder, 17.3% for buying disorder, 2.3% for Internet‐use disorder, and 1.4% for hypersexual disorder. None of the patients scored above the respective questionnaire thresholds for gambling disorder or exercise dependence. Patients with versus without YFAS 2.0 FA diagnosis did not differ with regard to prevalence estimates of addictive behaviours.ConclusionsClinical implications and potential limitations of the findings are discussed. Future studies should address the potential risk of postoperative addiction transfer using long‐term follow‐ups and controlled study designs.
Predictors of outcome among young adult patients with anorexia nervosa in a randomised controlled trial
Authors: Nyman‐Carlsson Erika , Birgegård Andreas , Engström Ingemar , Gustafsson Sanna Aila , Nevonen Lauri 
Published: August 2018

AbstractObjectiveThe prognosis in cases of anorexia nervosa (AN) is unsatisfactory, and it is therefore important to examine pretreatment predictors of outcome.MethodsFemale AN patients (N = 74) included in a randomised controlled trial receiving individual cognitive behavioural therapy (CBT) or family‐based treatment (FBT) were included. Predictors of the outcome were explored using pretreatment eating disorder psychopathology.ResultsIn the CBT group, lower levels of emotional dysregulation and greater deficits in identifying and coping with inner states were predictors of weight increase, explaining 37.7% of the variance. In the FBT group, lower interoceptive deficits predicted an increase in weight (explaining 17.7% of the variance), whereas bulimic behaviour (32.4%) and problems with emotional regulation (23.3%) were predictors of increased diagnostic symptoms.ConclusionsBulimic symptoms and the ability to identify and cope with emotional states appear to be important aspects that should be addressed in the treatment of young adult patients with AN.
Forecasting accident frequency of an urban road network: A comparison of four artificial neural network techniques
Authors: Behbahani Hamid , Amiri Amir Mohamadian , Imaninasab Reza , Alizamir Meysam 
Published: August 2018

AbstractConsiderable effort has been made to determine which of the most common prediction modeling techniques performs best, based on crash‐related data. Accordingly, the present study aims to evaluate how crashes in the urban road network are affected by contributing factors. Therefore, in the present paper, a comparison has been done among four artificial neural network (ANN) techniques: extreme learning machine (ELM), probabilistic neural network (PNN), radial basis function (RBF), and multilayer perceptron (MLP). According to the measures used, including Nash–Sutcliffe (NS), mean absolute error (MAE), and root mean square error (RMSE), ELM was found to be the most successful approach in addressing the objectives defined in the present study. Moreover, not only is ELM the fastest algorithm due to its different structure, but it has also led to the most accurate prediction. In the end, the RReliefF algorithm was utilized to find the importance of variables used, including V/C, speed, vehicle kilometer traveled (VKT), roadway width, existence of median, and allowable/not‐allowable parking. It was proved that VKT is the most influential variable in accident occurrence, followed by two traffic flow characteristics: V/C and speed.
Europa? Europa!
Authors: Strohschneider Peter 
Published: August 2018

AbstractWorauf gründet die europäische Forschungsförderung der Zukunft? Die EU‐Kommission setzt für ihr nächstes Rahmenprogramm auf Open Science, Bürgerorientierung und Missionen. Das sollte für die Forschung selbst Grund zu kritischer Begleitung der Pläne sein.
Über den Wolken
Authors: Schmidt Jörg , Wendisch Manfred , Curtius Joachim , Scheinert Mirko , Sinnhuber Björn‐Martin 
Published: August 2018

AbstractEin Flieger im Dienste der Atmosphären‐, Klima‐ und Geoforschung: Getragen von einem internationalen Konsortium, ist HALO binnen Kurzem zum leistungsstärksten Forschungsflugzeug in Europa avanciert. Seine ebenso moderne wie variable Apparatur ermöglicht aufwendige Messkampagnen, sei es zu Aerosolpartikeln oder Luftschadstoffen.