bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The role of interpersonal trust in the associations between parental warmth and depressive symptoms among Chinese adolescents: A mediation analysis
Authors: Wang Qi , Cui Yiran , Tian Gang , Shuai Jingliang , Yang Wenyan , Ma Yulan , Deng Zhihao , Yan Yan 
Published: November 2024

AbstractThe rising rates of adolescent depression have become a critical concern, with family dynamics and interpersonal communication playing a significant role in this mental health issue. However, research on the combined effects of parental warmth and interpersonal trust on adolescent depressive symptoms remains limited. This study aimed to explore the association between parental warmth, interpersonal trust, and depressive symptoms in Chinese adolescents. The sample included 2745 adolescents aged 9 to 18 from the China Family Panel Studies (CFPS). Depressive symptoms were assessed using the CES‐D8 scale, which yielded an average score of 4.34. Among participants, 11.3% exhibited symptoms consistent with depression. Multivariate linear regression revealed that both parental warmth (β = −0.296, p < 0.001) and interpersonal trust (β = −0.197, p < 0.001) significantly predicted lower depressive symptoms. Mediation analysis indicated that interpersonal trust partially mediated the relationship between parental warmth and depressive symptoms, explaining 17.68% of the total effect (β = −0.032, 95% CI = −0.060, −0.016). These associations remained significant even after controlling for demographic variables. Our findings suggest that parental warmth protects against depressive symptoms, with interpersonal trust enhancing this protective effect. Interventions focused on fostering parental warmth and enhancing interpersonal trust could improve adolescent mental health.
Experiences of parents of children with mental illnesses: A systematic review and meta‐ethnographic synthesis
Authors: Greally Suzanna , Oute Jeppe , McPherson Susan 
Published: November 2024

AbstractIn this paper, we present a qualitative meta‐ethnographic synthesis of 26 articles reporting experiences of subjective burden in 389 parents of children with mental illnesses. The studies were identified through a systematic literature search of PubMed, CINAHL Ultimate, APA PsycInfo, and MedLine Ultimate. We conducted a quality appraisal and followed the seven stages of meta‐ethnographic synthesis. We developed a line of argument synthesis in the form of a model that depicts the subjective, temporal, and psychological experiences of parents. The model proposes a cyclical process characterized by five stages, each depicting a transitional point in which parents re‐evaluate their experiences: caring for an intimate stranger; turning point; unavoidable role; uncertain future; transcendence. This model highlights the complex psychological processes that parents endure when caring for a child with a mental illness. The review highlights several methodological issues in this field of research, including issues related to sampling, poor reporting of data analysis, limited critical appraisal, and a lack of reflexivity. Future research should address the gaps in the literature while also attending to the issues that have been highlighted by this review.
Effects of Catch and Release for Recreational Fishing on Stream‐Resident Salmonids in Japan
Authors: Yamashita Yasunori , Kanzawa Yuhei , Inoshita Makoto , Suzuki Kyuma 
Published: November 2024

ABSTRACTCatch‐and‐release (C&R) angling is becoming more common worldwide for managing stream‐resident salmonids but has only recently been introduced in Japan. However, few studies have examined effects of C&R regulations on fish populations through adequate experimental designs. We estimated effects of implementing a C&R regulation on stream‐resident salmonids. The western part of the Agatsuma River system in Japan is a fishing area with standard regulations under which anglers can harvest white‐spotted charr or masu salmon of > 15 cm total length. In contrast, the eastern part is a fishing area with a C&R regulation requiring release of all caught fish, owing to radiocesium contamination caused by a nuclear accident at Fukushima. Density and total length of stream‐resident salmonids were examined in these areas in several tributaries. Fish density was significantly higher in the C&R area, whereas total length did not differ significantly between areas. Implementing a C&R regulation may be effective for conserving salmonid populations in mountainous streams.
Nutrient intakes, growth performance and digestive organ weight of raising Japanese Black steers fed oat hay or whole crop corn silage as roughage
Authors: Hosoda Kenji , Nakamura Yoshi‐nori 
Published: November 2024

AbstractThe effects of feeding corn silage (CS) instead of oat hay on nutrient intakes, growth performance and digestive organ weight in the raising of Japanese Black steers were studied. In a feeding trial, 5.5‐month‐old Japanese Black steers (n = 15) received one of three dietary treatments with the same formula feed and different roughage (oat hay only, CS only and an equal mixture of oat hay and CS) until they reached 10.1 months old. At the feeding trial's conclusion, we observed that the three forms of roughage had no effect on the intakes of nutrients such as crude protein, non‐fibrous carbohydrate, fibers and total digestible nutrients except for ether extract, and no significant difference was observed in body weight, body measurements, average daily gain, or feed efficiency among the roughage groups. Steers fed the different roughage had identical weights of carcass, digestive organs and visceral fat immediately after the feeding trial. These findings suggest that corn silage can be used as a substitute for oat hay fed to Japanese Black steers during the raising period.
Effect of replacement of silica fume by wollastonite microfibers on ultrahigh performance concrete
Authors: Li Guanjie , Liu Danyang , Liu Ying , Wang Jingwei , Xu Shouyan , Xia Hongtu , Luo Feng 
Published: November 2024

AbstractUltrahigh performance concrete (UHPC) is a new type of cement‐based composite building material with the characteristics of high strength, high toughness, and high durability. However, the presence of silica fume (SF) will greatly increase the cost of UHPC. Wollastonite microfiber (WF), a microfibrous inorganic mineral powder, has been shown to be effective in improving the mechanical properties of cementitious materials and reducing the cost of UHPC. In this study, a series of UHPC‐WF were synthesized via replacing a part of SF with WF. The excellent smooth properties of the WF surface played a lubricating role in the UHPC‐WF slurry, resulting in the fluidity of 287.5 mm for UHPC‐WF. Furthermore, the synergistic effect of WF and steel fiber played a significant role in UHPC‐WF. The flexural strength of UHPC‐WF in 3 days and 28 days was 16.4 MPa and 21.6 MPa, respectively, and the compressive strength in 3 days and 28 days was 119.4 MPa and 155.3 MPa, respectively. Meanwhile, the shrinkage strain of UHPC‐WF was only 0.13 mm/m in 90 days. This work provides consideration for the innovation of UHPC technology in the future and the research of replacement SF to mineral admixtures in UHPC.
Study on preparation and early strength property of modified nano‐MgO complexed TEA composite cement materials
Authors: Liu Jian , Chen Meiting , Ji Xiaoli , Wang Chunmei , Xie Xinyuan , Dong Ziyuan 
Published: November 2024

AbstractIn this study, nano‐magnesium oxide (MgO) was modified with surfactants sodium polyacrylate, polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) and polyethylene glycol (PEG) based on the agglomeration problem of nano‐MgO in cement. The surfactant PEG with the best modification effect was selected to modify nano‐MgO and synergize with the dispersing effect and early‐strengthening effect of triethanolamine (TEA) to prepare a new type of composite cementitious sealing material with high early compressive strength and good fluidity. The optimal ratio of the mass fraction of the composite early‐strengthening agent was determined by the response surface method: 0.02% PEG + 2% nano‐MgO + 0.04% TEA. The effects of the composite early‐strengthening agent on the cementitious sealing material were investigated by the compressive strength, fluidity, setting time, X‐ray diffraction experiments (XRD), thermogravimetric (TG‐DSC), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), etc. The effect of the composite early‐strengthening agent on the cementitious sealing material was also investigated by the response surface method. The compressive strength of the composite cement specimens at 1d, 3d, and 7d was increased by 92.59%, 35.50%, and 47.73% respectively compared to the blank group. In comparison to the control group, the flowability increased by 31.96%, and the initial and final setting time was shortened to 377 min and 394 min, respectively.
A scalable vacuum‐assisted method for production of aerogel blankets for thermal insulation
Authors: Tav Abdullah , Oz Yahya , Akyildiz Halil I. 
Published: November 2024

AbstractThis study presents a novel proof‐of‐concept method for synthesizing aerogel on ceramic insulation blankets using a vacuum infusion sol–gel process with subsequent drying at ambient pressure, enhancing adhesion and durability and enabling coating on complex geometries. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) analysis revealed a porous microstructure in the ceramic blankets, while the polymethylsilsesquioxane (PMSQ) aerogel exhibited a well‐defined and interconnected network. Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy and solid‐state nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) analyses confirmed the presence of silica and carbon, respectively. Among the various compositions, the 10 wt.% PMSQ aerogel blanket establishes highly effective thermal stability in thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) results. Pristine ceramic and aerogel blankets were subjected to a 1300°C butane flame for high‐temperature stability tests that indicated the 10% PMSQ aerogel composite blanket presented better insulation properties and back surface temperature of approximately 170°C, the lowest among the other surface back temperatures of the other samples. Water contact angle measurements confirmed the hydrophobic properties and surface free energy (SFE) of PMSQ aerogel ceramic blankets. Optimizing surface‐free energy and surface tension is crucial for enhancing these materials’ hydrophobicity, thermal insulation, and structural integrity. The surface energy ranged from 11.19 to 0.96 mJ/m2, while the surface tension ranged from 48.47 to 64.97 mN/m for 10%–30% PMSQ aerogel ceramic blankets.
Unravelling the Interplay Between Primigravida Pregnant Women Health Profile, Catastrophic Thinking, Tokophobia and Childbirth Preferences in a Rural Area
Authors: Ali Heba Saied Ibrahim , Abdelhafez Amal Ahmed , Hammad Heba Abdel‐Hamid , AbdElmoneam Eman Halim , Othman Ahmed Abdellah , Atta Mohamed Hussein Ramadan 
Published: November 2024

ABSTRACTAimsTo assess the prevalence of tokophobia (fear of childbirth) and evaluate the relationship between catastrophic thinking, tokophobia, childbirth preferences and the health profile of primigravida (first‐time pregnant women in rural areas).DesignA descriptive correlational study.MethodThis study, implemented from January 2024 to March 2024, involved 300 primigravidae. Data collection was carried out using the Socio‐Demographic and Clinical Data Sheet, the Pain Catastrophising Scale (PCS) and the Fear of Childbirth Scale, which are specific tools chosen for their relevance to the research objectives.ResultsThe mean score for catastrophic thinking is 36.13 (SD = 4.2740), which indicates a clinically significant level of pain catastrophising, and Tokophobia's mean is 42.53, which denotes intense Fear of Childbirth. There are strong positive correlations among catastrophic thinking and its subcomponents, positive correlations between tokophobia and devastating thinking and significant correlations between childbirth preferences and catastrophic thinking.ConclusionThis study's findings provide compelling insight into the intricate interplay between catastrophic thinking, tokophobia and childbirth preferences. These insights can pave the way for targeted psychological interventions to address catastrophic thinking in pregnant women, potentially alleviating tokophobia and supporting informed, less fear‐driven childbirth decisions. This could lead to a more positive childbirth experience for many birthing people, equipping healthcare professionals with actionable knowledge to improve maternal and child health outcomes.Reporting MethodThe relevant reporting method, that is, STROBE, has been adhered to.ImpactThis study's findings have significant implications for the healthcare of pregnant women, particularly first‐time birthing people deemed high risk. The study suggests that thorough antenatal care can help ease their fear of childbirth, ultimately leading to improved outcomes for both women and babies.Patient or Public ContributionPublic contribution by females in the community maternal services.
Rationale and Design of a Randomized, Open‐Label, Parallel‐Group Study of Esaxerenone Versus Angiotensin Receptor Blockers in Older Patients With Uncontrolled Hypertension on Calcium Channel Blocker Monotherapy (ESCORT‐HT)
Authors: Kario Kazuomi , Katsuya Tomohiro , Shimosawa Tatsuo , Taguchi Takashi , Tanabe Ayumi , Ohishi Mitsuru ,   the ESCORT‐HT investigators
Published: November 2024

ABSTRACTAngiotensin II receptor blockers (ARBs) and calcium channel blockers (CCBs) are commonly prescribed as first‐ and second‐line treatments for older Japanese patients with hypertension. However, due to age‐related decline in renin activity, the effectiveness of ARBs may decrease. This highlights the need for other antihypertensive agents to be used in combination with CCBs to replace ARBs for more effective blood pressure (BP) control. The ESCORT‐HT study is a multicenter, randomized, controlled, open‐label, parallel‐group study with a 4‐week run‐in period and 12‐week treatment period. This study aims to evaluate the efficacy of esaxerenone as a second‐line treatment for hypertension and to determine whether its BP‐lowering effect is noninferior to that of ARBs in older patients with uncontrolled hypertension on CCB monotherapy. The safety profiles of esaxerenone and ARBs will also be evaluated. Patients will be randomly assigned in a 1:1 ratio to receive either esaxerenone or an ARB. The primary efficacy endpoint will be the change from baseline in morning home systolic BP at the end of the treatment period. The BP‐lowering effect of esaxerenone will be considered noninferior to that of ARBs if the upper limit of the two‐sided 95% confidence interval (CI) for the difference in systolic BP change between esaxerenone and ARB is <3.8 mmHg, and will be considered superior if the upper limit of the two‐sided 95% CI is <0. The findings may elucidate the possible benefits of earlier use of mineralocorticoid receptor blockers in combination with CCBs in older patients with essential hypertension.
Study on the mechanism of Shenmai injection in the treatment of sepsis
Authors: Yang Mengxia , Chen Tengfei , Xu Yue , Liu Qingquan , Xu Xiaolong 
Published: November 2024

AbstractShenmai injection (SMI) is widely used in the clinical treatment of sepsis, but its mechanism is not yet clear. This study aimed to explore the molecular mechanism through network pharmacology, bioinformatics, and molecular docking technologies. The active ingredients and targets of SMI were screened through traditional Chinese medicine databases and the Swiss Target Prediction database, respectively. The disease genes were searched using GEO and GeneCards databases, and Venn mapping was used to screen potential therapeutic targets. The key targets were selected using Cytoscape 3.9.1 software. The BioGPS database was used to evaluate the expression of these targets in tissues/cells. The DAVID database is used for enrichment analysis. Molecular docking technology was used to evaluate the interaction between these targets and core active ingredients. 122 potential therapeutic targets and 28 key targets were identified. Forty‐six potential therapeutic targets showed highly specific expression in 40 tissues/cells. The PI3K‐AKT, RAP1, and MAPK signalling pathways are highly enriched. The molecular docking results showed good interactions. This study systematically analysed the mechanism of SMI in treating sepsis, involving multiple targets and pathways, possibly related to anti‐inflammatory, anti‐oxidative stress, and immune regulation, providing reference value for future basic research of sepsis.
Flexural strength, surface roughness, and color stability of various CAD‐CAM denture teeth materials
Authors: Orgev Ahmet , Cakmak Gulce , Peng Chin‐chun , Lavrentiadis Grigoris , Li Rui 
Published: November 2024

AbstractPurposeTo assess the flexural strength (FS), surface roughness, and color stability of additive manufactured (AM) and subtractive manufactured (SM) denture teeth materials, as well as the effect of thermocycling on these properties.Materials and MethodsEighty strips (20/material type; 64×10×3.3 mm) and 60 discs (15/material type; 12×4 mm) were fabricated from four different denture teeth materials (Straumann, Flexcera, Ivoclar, and Candulor). The specimens were divided into two subgroups (nonthermal cycled and 5000 thermal cycled,10 per subgroup), and subjected to a 3‐point test for FS using a universal testing machine at a crosshead speed of 5.0 mm/min. Surface roughness (Ra, µm) and color differences (ΔE00) of disc specimens were measured before and after thermocycling using a noncontact optical profilometer and a spectrophotometer, respectively. The CIEDE2000 formula was used to calculate the color differences (ΔE00) before and after thermocycling. Data were analyzed using 2‐way ANOVA followed by post hoc multiple comparison tests (α = 0.05).ResultsThere was no significant difference in flexural strength between nonthermal cycled SM materials (p = 0.15), which were significantly higher than AM materials (p < 0.001). The flexural strength values of all tested materials were significantly reduced after thermocycling (p < 0.05). The material type had a significant effect on the Ra values (p < 0.001), whereas thermocycling did not (p = 0.81). After thermocycling, all materials exhibited color changes lower than the clinical perceptible threshold (ΔE00 = 2.7).ConclusionsThermocycling decreased the FS of denture teeth materials manufactured with AM and SM, but did not affect the surface roughness. The FS values of SM groups were significantly higher than AM materials, irrespective of thermocycling. No clinically significant color changes of the denture teeth material were noted.
Beyond the mosaic model of brain evolution: Rearing environment defines local and global plasticity
Authors: Dumitru Magda L. , Frugård Opdal Anders Martin 
Published: November 2024

AbstractComparative animal studies have identified a trend toward a more global structural organization as brains become larger, suggesting that brain regions grow in sync as predicted by the concerted model of brain evolution. At the same time, brain plasticity studies have identified a boost in local brain structure triggered by the environment, suggesting that brain regions grow independently, as predicted by the mosaic model. Nevertheless, it is unclear whether the environment can also trigger shifts toward a more global brain structure, that is, whether phenotypic plasticity proceeds in a concerted fashion. Here, we examined the impact of radically different rearing environments on brain organization in a teleost fish, the three‐spined stickleback (Gasterosteus aculeatus). We computed novel indices of local and global brain structure across groups reared in the two environments and entered them as predictors of differences in brain and body sizes. Changes in local brain structure predicted differences in both body and brain sizes, whereas changes in global brain structure only predicted differences in brain size. Our findings highlight the emergence of brain plasticity in a population as local and global changes that are both compatible with the concerted model.
Umbrella review of systematic reviews to inform the development and translation of community‐based childhood obesity prevention interventions
Authors: Jacobs Jane , Wolfenden Luke , Bolton Kristy A. , Brown Vicki , Sultana Marufa , Backholer Kathryn , Allender Steven , Novotny Rachel , Peeters Anna , Nichols Melanie 
Published: November 2024

SummaryCommunity‐based interventions (CBIs) can be effective and feasible for the prevention of childhood obesity. The aim of this umbrella review is to determine if systematic reviews report sufficient information to guide replication or adaptation of CBIs to a variety of contexts and aid in further development of childhood obesity prevention CBIs. Six databases were searched for systematic reviews including obesity prevention CBIs involving 0–18 year olds and reporting weight‐related outcomes. Two researchers screened results. Evidence‐to‐decision frameworks guided which details may be required for decision‐makers to design and carry‐out a CBI, including information on intervention characteristics, outcome reporting and translation factors. From 3935 search results, 40 studies were included. The most frequently reported relevant pieces of information were behaviors targeted (100% of systematic reviews), intervention duration (90%) and settings involved (97.5%). Less frequently reported factors included specific actions implemented (48%), intervention intensity (30%) and organizations, or contributors involved (40%). There was a low level of reporting of equity considerations (27.5%), adverse events (20%), and costs/cost‐effectiveness (17.5%). Multilevel interventions for child obesity prevention have demonstrated effectiveness, yet additional documentation of successful intervention processes is needed.