bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The Effect of Whiteness and Attempts to Preserve It on Political Division in the United States
Authors: Showalter Therin Alrik 
Published: February 2019

Beginning in the early 1990s, the American public has become increasingly politically polarized. As party affiliations have become more rigid, a racial trend has emerged in which white voters are much less likely than black voters to identify as liberal or align with the Democratic Party. Using voting data from the 2016 presidential election, this study correlates the prevalence of whiteness in certain counties with those counties’ support for Democratic presidential candidate Hillary Clinton. This paper first details the increasing polarization over the past decades and the dramatic shift of white voters away from liberalism. It then analyzes the political affiliations of other identity groups (such as women, millennials, and college graduates) that are majority liberal and demonstrates that, when restricted to their white members, those groups all lean conservative.
The research results find a significant correlation between concentrated whiteness and a rejection of Hillary Clinton. The correlation on a national level is weaker, however, than the correlation of counties when separated regionally, suggesting that the relationship between whiteness and anti-liberalism depends heavily on a county’s degree of whiteness (or anti-liberalism) in its geographical context. While it is impossible to determine whether the race of white voters consciously motivates their voting behavior, the results suggest that American democracy is informed, in some way, by the racial identities of its participants.
These results should encourage the public to discuss the current political climate and its intensely divided electorate from a racial perspective. If the nation perceives political division as a problem to be solved, it is essential to understand what factors might be causing the division. To that end, the results of this study would be fundamental to the nation’s dialogue and should be considered when voters make their decision on Election Day.
The Main Problems and Directions of the Effective Development Tourism
Authors: SADYKOV Zhassulan , ABDIKARIMOVA Madina , GABDULINA Ainur , MAKHASHEVA Aigerim , TAKHTAEVA Rimma , SAVANCHIYEVA Armanay 
Published: February 2019

This article notes that the prospect of one of the export-oriented industries in the Republic of Kazakhstan may be inbound tourism, since it was he who successfully developed in a crisis and provided support to other sectors of the economy. At present, the Kazakhstan tourism market is in the stage of active formation and formation. It is highlighted that the peculiarities of the formation of the international tourism market, its interdependence from other spheres of economic activity are not yet sufficiently studied and do not have certain well-established development trends.
Indicators of the competitiveness of tourism in Kazakhstan in terms of indices of sustainable development of tourism, the dynamics of inbound tourist flow to Kazakhstan from CIS countries and other non-CIS countries for 2013-2017, indicators of the use of locations in the Republic of Kazakhstan for 2013-2017 are given. Proposals are made for the direction of effective development of tourism in the Republic of Kazakhstan by assessing the impact of international tourism on the socio-economic system of Kazakhstan.
Numerical Simulation of the Condensing Effect of Different Suction Slots on Fiber Strands in a Compact Siro Spinning Machine with Lattice Apron
Authors: Han Chenchen , Gao Weidong , Chen Lifen 
Published: February 2019

AbstractCompact-siro spun with lattice apron combines compact spinning and siro spinning, and is widely put into practice. In this paper, compact-siro spun models with the parallel shaped slots, oblique parallel shaped slots and V-shaped slots were simulated. Based on the airflow data in the condensing zone, the geometrical model of single fiber is built, and then the trajectory of single fiber can be got. The morphological changes and movement process of fiber strands in the flow field of condensing zone were verified by the comparison experiments of yarn morphology, hairiness, tensile and evenness properties. The results showed that the V-shaped slot achieved the optimal agglomeration effect and yarn performance. The theory analysis gives foundation and explanation for the experiment, and also provides a theoretical basis for optimizing the properties of compact-siro yarn in production practice.
Synchrotron X-ray measurements of cellulose in wood cell wall layers of Pinus densiflora in the transmission and reflectance modes. Part 1: results without loading
Authors: Lee Chang-Goo , Yamasaki Mariko , Sugimoto Takanori , Sasaki Yasutoshi 
Published: February 2019

Abstract
Synchrotron radiation X-ray diffraction (XRD) was applied to determine the cellulose content in 5-mm-thick sections of the annual rings of Japanese red pine (Pinus densiflora). Recent samples (air-dried in the last few years) and aged samples (250 years old) were investigated; the cellulose content in the S2 layer was measured by the transmission (Trs) method and that in the S1 and S3 layers by the reflection (Ref) method. Measurements were performed in the cellulose (004) Ref plane. The two XRD methods resulted in very different two-dimensional (2D) diffraction patterns, indicating differences in the cellulose characteristics. Azimuthal angle profiles showed cellulose chains measured by the Trs and the Ref methods oriented at about 9° and 75°, respectively, in terms of the longitudinal axis of the specimens. Moreover, 2θ profiles obtained by the Ref method had full-width-at-half-maximum (FWHM) values ≈3.5 times greater than the corresponding Trs profiles, indicating large variations in the cellulose lattice spacing d
004. The 250 years of aging had no effect on the cellulose contents.
Multiple surface plasmon resonances enhanced nonlinear optical microscopy
Authors: Mi Xiaohu , Wang Yuyang , Li Rui , Sun Mengtao , Zhang Zhenglong , Zheng Hairong 
Published: February 2019

Abstract
The nonlinear optical microscopies of coherent two-photon excited fluorescence and anti-Stokes Raman scattering are strongly enhanced by multiple surface plasmon resonances (MSPRs). The Au@Ag nanorods presented strong MSPRs peaks at 800 and 400 nm, and can enhance nonlinear optical microscopy at fundamental and double frequencies, respectively. A two-dimensional (2D) material of g-C3N4 is employed to study the plasmon-enhanced nonlinear optical microscopy by the femtosecond laser. The electric analysis reveals that the MSPRs of the Au@Ag nanorod can significantly enhance the signals of two-photon excited fluorescence and anti-Stokes Raman scattering by up to the orders of 104 and 1016, respectively. The results demonstrate the great advantages of plasmon-enhanced nonlinear optical microscopy for the optical analysis on 2D materials, thus providing a new adventure for increasing the optical resolutions of nonlinear optical microscopy.
Dynamic Behavior of a Granular Medium Subjected to Resonant Column Tests: Application to Ottawa Sand
Authors: Patiño Hernán , Martínez Eliana , Galindo Rubén 
Published: February 2019

Abstract
This research is based on the results of 120 determinations of the shear modulus (G) of a saturated granular medium (20-40 Ottawa sand) for different conditions of relative density (Dr), effective consolidation pressure (σ’c), and level of torsional excitation (Te) obtained through the measurement of the resonant frequency (Fr) in resonant column equipment. The tests were performed with relative density values equal to 20, 40, 60, and 80 %; effective consolidation pressures of 50, 100, 150, 200, 250, and 300 kPa; and torsional excitations of 0.025, 0.05, 0.1, 0.2, and 0.4 V. The proposed experimental program is described in detail, in addition to the systematic process of analysis to properly study and interpret the results obtained for samples subjected to cyclic loading. In general, the results indicate that it is possible to establish very simple empirical functions of the resonant frequency as a function of the angular strain and of the effective consolidation pressure. It is concluded that is statistically significant to consider the shear modulus and the resonant frequency related by a constant value M for each type of soil. In this sense, a methodology is proposed herein to be able to obtain from a very small number of tests the variation trends of the shear modulus as a function of the angular strain for different effective consolidation pressures.
Illuminating Women’s Hidden Contribution to Historical Theoretical Population Genetics
Authors: Dung Samantha Kristin , López Andrea , Barragan Ezequiel Lopez , Reyes Rochelle-Jan , Thu Ricky , Castellanos Edgar , Catalan Francisca , Huerta-Sánchez Emilia , Rohlfs Rori V 
Published: February 2019

Abstract
Through careful review of one eminent journal over the 1970s and 80s, Dung et al. found a surprisingly high proportion of the computational work was carried out by women. Consistent with authorship norms of the time...
While productivity in academia is measured through authorship, not all scientific contributors have been recognized as authors. We consider nonauthor “acknowledged programmers” (APs), who developed, ran, and sometimes analyzed the results of computer programs. We identified APs in Theoretical Population Biology articles published between 1970 and 1990, finding that APs were disproportionately women (P = 4.0 × 10−10). We note recurrent APs who contributed to several highly-cited manuscripts. The occurrence of APs decreased over time, corresponding to the masculinization of computer programming and the shift of programming responsibilities to individuals credited as authors. We conclude that, while previously overlooked, historically, women have made substantial contributions to computational biology. For a video of this abstract, see: https://vimeo.com/313424402.
Outcomes for Hemodialysis Patients Given Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation for Cardiac Arrest at Outpatient Dialysis Clinics
Authors: Pun Patrick H. , Dupre Matthew E. , Starks Monique A. , Tyson Clark , Vellano Kimberly , Svetkey Laura P. , Hansen Steen , Frizzelle Brian G. , McNally Bryan , Jollis James G. , Al-Khatib Sana M. , Granger Christopher B. ,   the CARES Surveillance Group
Published: February 2019

Significance Statement
Cardiac arrest frequently occurs among patients on hemodialysis at outpatient dialysis centers; in such cases, nearly half do not survive to hospital admission. The authors analyzed outcomes of 398 outpatient dialysis clinic cardiac arrests (excluding patients with “do not resuscitate” orders), examining the relationship between cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) initiated by clinic staff and survival rates. Staff began CPR before emergency services arrived in 81.3% of events, and staff-initiated CPR was associated with a three-fold increase in the odds of survival and a favorable neurologic status at the time of hospital discharge. Dialysis staff were more likely to initiate CPR within larger dialysis clinics, for male patients, and when cardiac arrests were witnessed. Further research is needed to understand facilitators and barriers to provision of CPR in dialysis clinics.

Background
Out-of-hospital cardiac arrest, the leading cause of death among patients on hemodialysis, occurs frequently within outpatient dialysis centers. Practice guidelines recommend resuscitation training for all dialysis clinic staff and on-site defibrillator availability, but the extent of staff involvement in cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) efforts and its association with outcomes is unknown.

Methods
We used data from the Cardiac Arrest Registry to Enhance Survival and the Centers for Medicare & Medicaid Services dialysis facility database to identify patients who had cardiac arrest within outpatient dialysis clinics between 2010 and 2016 in the southeastern United States. We compared outcomes of patients who received dialysis staff–initiated CPR with those who did not until the arrival of emergency medical services (EMS).

Results
Among 398 OHCA events in dialysis clinics, 66% of all patients presented with a nonshockable initial rhythm. Dialysis staff initiated CPR in 81.4% of events and applied defibrillators before EMS arrival in 52.3%. Staff were more likely to initiate CPR among men and witness cardiac arrests, and were more likely to provide CPR within larger dialysis clinics. Staff-initiated CPR was associated with a three-fold increase in the odds of hospital discharge and favorable neurologic status on discharge. There was no overall association between staff-initiated defibrillator use and outcomes, but there was a nonsignificant trend toward improved survival to hospital discharge in the subgroup with shockable initial cardiac arrest rhythms.

Conclusions
Dialysis staff–initiated CPR was associated with a large increase in survival but was only performed in 81% of cardiac arrest events. Further investigations should focus on understanding the potential facilitators and barriers to CPR in the dialysis setting.
Seguimiento a egresados de Contaduría pública: una primera mirada
Authors: Diaz-Ortega Nubia , Díaz-Ortega Carlos , Jaimes-Barrera Diana 
Published: February 2019

Dentro de la autoevaluación del programa de Contaduría Pública de la universidad de Pamplona, el estudio de seguimiento a egresados ocupa un lugar muy destacado, la presente investigación tiene como objetivo conocer la realidad de los egresados y la pertinencia de los conocimientos adquiridos. Este estudio tiene una gran importancia por ser la retroalimentación que permite el mejoramiento de la calidad del programa. Los métodos y técnicas usadas fueron de carácter descriptivo, acompañados de un trabajo de campo con un diseño no experimental, transeccional, conformado por una muestra de 34 egresados. Se utilizó la encuesta como instrumento de recolección de datos construida con 28 ítems con varias posibilidades de respuesta. Los resultados indican que los egresados se encuentran laborando en un alto nivel con un 85%, en un porcentaje alto como auxiliares de contabilidad con un 38%, sin embargo, un 44% realiza otras actividades fuera de su campo de estudio. Estos resultados indican que se debe realizar una revisión y adaptación del plan de estudios para mejorar la calidad del programa.
SÜPERVİZÖR ROLLERİ ÖLÇEĞİ’NİN (SRÖ) GELİŞTİRİLMESİ
Authors: İLHAN Tahsin , SARIKAYA Yusuf , YÖNTEM Mustafa Kemal 
Published: February 2019

Bu araştırmanın amacı
süpervizyon alan psikolojik danışman adaylarının bakış açısına dayalı,
süpervizör rollerini ölçmeye yönelik bir araç geliştirmektir. Çalışma, beş
üniversitenin psikolojik danışma ve rehberlik lisans programlarında eğitim
gören dördüncü sınıf öğrencileri ile yüksek lisans öğrencilerinden oluşan üç
farklı araştırma grubu üzerinde yürütülmüştür. Süpervizyon Rolleri Ölçeğinin
yapı geçerliği açımlayıcı ve doğrulayıcı faktör analizleri ile incelenmiştir.
Güvenirlik analizi için iç tutarlık ve test-tekrar test yöntemleri
kullanılmıştır. Açımlayıcı faktör analizi sonucunda 24 maddeli ve ‘öğretmen’,
‘rehber’, ‘psikolojik danışman’ olarak adlandırılan, üç faktörlü bir yapı elde
edilmiştir. Bu üç faktör, ölçeğin toplam varyansının % 73’ünü açıklamıştır.
Doğrulayıcı faktör analizi sonuçları ölçeğin iyi uyum gösterdiğini ortaya
koymuştur. Ölçeğin güvenirliği Cronbach alfa iç tutarlık katsayısı ile
incelenmiş ve öğretmen, psikolojik danışman ve rehber faktörleri için sırasıyla
.95, .96 ve .91 olarak bulunmuştur. Dört
hafta ara ile yapılan test-tekrar test güvenirlik katsayısı ise sırasıyla .91,
.92 ve .87 olarak bulunmuştur. Gerçekleştirilen analizler sonucunda Süpervizör
Rolleri Ölçeği’nin süpervizyon uygulamalarında süpervizörler rollerini ölçmeye
yönelik geçerli ve güvenilir bir ölçme aracı olduğu sonucuna varılmıştır.
ÜNİVERSİTE ÖĞRENCİLERİNİN DUYGU DÜZENLEME BECERİLERİ İLE PSİKOLOJİK YARDIM İHTİYAÇLARI ARASINDAKİ İLİŞKİNİN İNCELENMESİ
Authors: BİLGİZ Şeyma , PEKER Adem 
Published: February 2019

Bu
araştırmanın amacı, üniversite birinci sınıfta öğrenim gören öğrencilerinin
duygu düzenleme becerilerinin psikolojik yardım ihtiyaçları üzerindeki
yordayıcı etkisini incelemektir.
Araştırma Atatürk Üniversitesi Eğitim Fakültesinde öğrenim gören 423
birinci sınıf öğrencileri üzerinde yürütülmüştür. Katılımcıların 306’sı kız,
117’si erkektir. Araştırmada ölçme aracı olarak Duygu Düzenleme Ölçeği ve
Psikolojik Yardım İhtiyacı Belirleme Ölçeği kullanılmıştır. Veriler, SPSS 22
programı ile analiz yapılmıştır. Araştırma verilerinin değerlendirilmesinde
çoklu regresyon analizi kullanılmıştır. Araştırma sonucunda üniversite
öğrencilerinin psikolojik yardım ihtiyaçlarının, duygu düzenleme ölçeğinin alt
boyutlarından olan yeniden düzenleme ile negatif yönde ve orta düzeyde;
bastırma alt boyutu ile pozitif yönde ve düşük düzeyde ilişkilerin olduğu
belirlenmiştir. Araştırmanın bir diğer sonucunda duyguları yeniden düzenlemenin
psikolojik yardım ihtiyacını negatif olarak yordadığı ortaya çıkarılmıştır.
Duyguları bastırmanın da psikolojik yardım ihtiyacını negatif olarak yordadığı
saptanmıştır.
PERAN PENDIDIKAN TARIKAT QADIRIYYAH WA NAQSABANDIYAH
Authors: Baharudin Baharudin , Latifah Nur 
Published: February 2019

Eksistensi tarekat Qadiriyah wa Naqsabandiyah di Indonesa telah memainkan peran penting dan strategis di tengah masyarakat. Peran tarekat Qadiriyah wa Naqsabandiyah dalam bidang pendidikan tidak terbatas pada aspek ritual dan pembinaan karakter, akhlak mulia, kepribadian hidup bersahaja, tekun beribadah, akan tetapi juga pada aspek solidaritas sosial dan kepekaaan sosial. Penelitian ini mencoba mengungkap peran pendidikan tarekat Qadiriyah wa Naqsabandiyah di Pulau Lombok, yaitu setudi kasus di Pondok Pesantren Darul Falah Pagutan Mataram. Hasil penelitian ini mengungkap bahwa peran pendidikan tarekat Qadiriyah wa Naqsabandiyah dilakukan dengan pendekatan pendidikan dalam tataran mikro dan makro. Pada tataran mikro, pengembangan pendidikan dilakukan secara personal dan dalam kelompok kecil melalui sederetan ritual seperti baiah, dzikir, khataman, dan manaqib. Sementara dalam tataran makro pengembangan pendidikan dilakukan secara terorganisir dan terstruktur melalui institusi pendidikan dan organisasi tarekat.
INTEGRASI TEKNOLOGI DIGITAL DALAM PEMBELAJARAN DI ERA INDUSTRI 4.0
Authors: Putrawangsa Susilahudin , Hasanah Uswatun 
Published: February 2019

The recent study intends to describe the roles and the principles of integrating digital technology in education at the 4th Industrial Era. The integrartion is studied from mathematics education perspective. It is concluded that the basic principle of integrating digital technology in mathematics education is that the technology does not diminish students’ conceptual understanding or replace students’ intuitions in doing mathematics. Conversely, the technology is utilized to boost students’ conceptual understanding and maximize the development of students’ intuition in doing mathematics. It is identified that there are three didactical functions of digital technology in mathematics education, such as: (1) Technology for doing mathematics, that is the technology is incorporated as alternative learning media in doing mathematical activities; (2) Technology for practicing skills, that is the technology is utilized as a learning environment to master particular mathematical skills; (3) Technology for developing conceptual understanding, that is the technology is integrated as a learning environment to develop students’ conceptual understanding of specific mathematical concepts. This last didactical function is the most expected of integrating digital technology in mathematics education.
Achieving Microsurgical Competency in Orthopaedic Residents Utilizing a Self-Directed Microvascular Training Curriculum
Authors: Luther Gaurav , Blazar Philip , Dyer George 
Published: February 2019

Background:
Education in microvascular surgery is limited by variable experience, a difficult learning curve, and potentially catastrophic complications caused by failed anastomoses. Furthermore, utilization of live-animal training models can be difficult because of lack of access and high maintenance costs. The purpose of this study was to determine the effectiveness and cost of a self-directed microvascular training curriculum utilizing synthetic microvessels and nonliving models in an orthopaedic residency program.

Methods:
Twenty-five orthopaedic residents ranging from postgraduate year (PGY)-1 to PGY-4 were prospectively enrolled. The curriculum consisted of learning the basics of microsurgery on nonliving models and progressed to anastomoses on a 1-mm synthetic microvessel. Outcomes included Global Rating Scale (GRS) scores (5 to 25 points), patency, anastomosis time, comfort level (1 to 10 points), time to complete the curriculum, and curriculum utility (1 to 10 points). Blinded qualitative assessments (from 1 to 10 points) of pre-curriculum and post-curriculum anastomoses were made by 4 hand surgery faculty members. Outcome measures were obtained at baseline and post-curriculum. The curriculum cost was calculated as the setup cost and the maintenance cost per resident. Student t tests and Fisher exact tests were utilized for significance.

Results:
All residents successfully completed the curriculum. The mean anastomosis time (and standard deviation) decreased from 40 ± 3 minutes to 22 ± 4 minutes (p < 0.001). The mean GRS score improved from 12 ± 2 points to 18 ± 2 points (p < 0.01). Patency was achieved by 44% at baseline evaluation and by 96% at post-curriculum evaluation (p < 0.0001). The mean comfort level improved from 3 ± 1.2 points to 6 ± 1.7 points (p < 0.0001) on a scale of 1 to 10 points. Also on a scale of 1 to 10, the blinded mean qualitative anastomoses score improved from 4.8 ± 2.2 points (poor) to 8.0 ± 1.1 points (good) (p < 0.0001). The mean time to complete the curriculum was 5.5 ± 1.4 hours, and, on a scale of 1 to 10, curriculum utility was rated by the residents to be 8 ± 1.8 points. The cost of the initial setup was $1,795 with a yearly utilization cost per resident of $42.

Conclusions:
The implementation of a self-directed curriculum utilizing synthetic microvessels and nonliving models demonstrated significant improvements in resident microvascular skill. This curriculum represents a modest startup cost and low yearly cost per resident.