bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Effect of Prolonged Endodontic Treatment on Temporomandibular Joint and Masticatory Muscles
Authors: Wali Aisha , Siddiqui Talha M , Siddiqui Fatima , Naireen Damiya 
Published: July 2019

ABSTRACT

Aims and objectives
The objective of the study is to assess the outcome of lengthy root canal sessions (more than 2 hours) on temporomandibular joint (TMJ) and its associated structures.

Materials and methods
Totally, 250 patients who had undergone root canal treatment that lasted for more than 2 hours were examined for the status of TMJ and masticatory muscles. The second part of the examination was performed after 1 week to check for any pain and tenderness. Data were analyzed using Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS).

Results
Results showed that patients of older age suffered from more pain postoperatively. Similarly, women experienced more pain than males. Those patients who were treated for their posterior teeth complained of more pain than those treated for anterior teeth.

Conclusion
Prolonged root canal sessions result in longer and wider opening of mouth for longer period of time, thus causing harm to TMJ and associated masticatory structures and may give rise to sign and symptoms of temporomandibular disorder (TMD).

Clinical significance
It is prudent to break treatment sessions into shorter appointments and let patients relax during the treatment to prevent any extra stress on the TMJ and associated masticatory apparatus.

How to cite this article
Siddiqui TM, Wali A, Siddiqui F, Naireen D. Effect of Prolonged Endodontic Treatment on Temporomandibular Joint and Masticatory Muscles. World J Dent 2018;9(1):38-42.
A Technique to facilitate the Conscientious Removal of Composite Resin Restoration
Authors: Dimashkieh Mohiddin R , Elagra Marwa EI , Fernandez Rohit AA 
Published: July 2019

ABSTRACT
The use of composite resin restorations is widespread in restoring not only anterior teeth but also posterior teeth. Failure of such restorations can occur due to several reasons; and their removal is often stressful and time consuming due to their close resemblance to tooth structure. This article describes a simple technique to place composite restorations with the facilitation of easy demarcation from tooth structure if the need arises to remove it.

How to cite this article
Dimashkieh MR, Elagra MEI, Fernandez RAA. A Technique to facilitate the Conscientious Removal of Composite Resin Restoration. Int J Prosthodont Restor Dent 2016;6(2):28-30.
Supernumerary Teeth in Premolar and Molar Regions and their Effect on Overall Restorative Treatment Plan
Authors: Raina Sadhana A 
Published: July 2019

ABSTRACT
Supernumerary tooth, also known as hyperdontia, is the condition where more than the normal number of teeth is present. By definition, the supernumerary teeth are the extra teeth present in the oral cavity. They can be found in the region of oral cavity, but are common in the maxilla than mandible.
Supernumerary teeth may be encountered by the dental practitioner as a chance finding on a radiograph or as the cause of an impacted central incisor. Their presence may give rise to a variety of clinical problems. Detection of supernumerary is best achieved through clinical and radiographic examination. This article shows the cases of supernumerary teeth in mandibular premolar region and maxillary third molar region along with its etiology, frequency, classification, complication, and management.

How to cite this article
Raina SA. Supernumerary Teeth in Premolar and Molar Regions and their Effect on Overall Restorative Treatment Plan. Int J Prosthodont Restor Dent 2016;6(4):98-101.
Tubercular Laryngitis: A Rebirth?
Authors: Nerurkar Rajeev , Singh Shraddha 
Published: July 2019

ABSTRACT

Objective
The aim of this study is to highlight the changing clinical patterns of laryngeal tuberculosis (TB) and to increase the awareness of this uncommon manifestation of extrapulmonary TB which will help the clinician in early diagnosis and appropriate management of this condition.

Materials and methods
A retrospective analysis was done of 34 suspected cases of tubercular laryngitis who presented to our institution from January 2009 to December 2011. All of these patients were subjected to hematological tests, sputum microscopy, and radiological investigations.

Results
Out of these 34 patients, hematological profile, sputum testing, and radiological profile was positive for TB in 13 patients who were started on antitubercular treatment. Out of 13, 1 patient had resolution of cough but persistent hoarseness and was diagnosed as having severe epithelial dysplasia. Twentyone patients were tested negative for TB and were diagnosed as chronic laryngitis (11), histoplasmosis (1), amyloidosis (2), sarcoidosis (1), and invasive squamous cell carcinoma (4). Primary laryngeal TB was diagnosed in two cases.

Conclusion
Laryngeal TB, though rare, is increasingly presenting to the otolaryngologists nowadays due to increase in the number of immunocompromised hosts and development of resistant microorganisms. It presents with nonspecific symptoms and can often be missed leading to delay in diagnosis and treatment. Starting empirical steroids without diagnosis may flare up the TB. It often mimics and occasionally may coexist with laryngeal malignancy. Thus the clinician should be vigilant and should always consider laryngeal TB as an important differential for laryngeal lesions.

How to cite this article
Nerurkar NK, Singh S, Nerurkar R. Tubercular Laryngitis: A Rebirth?. Int J Phonosurg Laryngol 2016;6(1):17-19.
Contribution of Different Tastes on 100 mL Water Swallow Test
Authors: Thejaswi D , Kunwar Sukriti , Mathew Biya 
Published: July 2019

ABSTRACT

Introduction
The complex sensory motor activity of swallow consists of transferring food from the mouth to the stomach. Several evidences on swallow biomechanics reveal different tastes leading to variations in swallow. However, there exists dearth of studies exploring this area using simple noninvasive effective procedure like 100 mL water swallow test.

Aims
The present study focused to observe swallow ability across 100 mL neutral, sweet, salt, sour, and bitter liquids in healthy young adults.

Materials and methods
A total of 30 healthy adults within the age of 18 to 23 years participated. All were given lukewarm neutral, sweet, sour, salt, and bitter tastes to swallow individually in a handheld 120 mL cup. Simultaneously, the clinician monitored total time taken to swallow and number of hyolaryngeal movements to calculate volume per swallow, time per swallow, and swallow capacity. Subjects also ingested 10 mL of each taste to estimate the taste threshold which were rated on a minima of 0- point to a maxima of 10-point visual analog scale.

Results
Statistical test and repeated measures of Analysis of Variance (ANOVA) revealed no significance at 95% confidence level. However, clinical difference was noted with neutral taste having highest volume per swallow, increased swallow capacity, and least time per swallow. Following this, sweet taste had higher volume per swallow and swallow capacity while sour taste had increased time per swallow.

Conclusion
The present study helps in understanding the wide dynamic nature of swallow which modulates the physiology as per the bolus ingested.

How to cite this article
Thejaswi D, Kunwar S, Mathew B. Contribution of Different Tastes on 100 mL Water Swallow Test. Int J Phonosurg Laryngol 2016;6(1):27-31.
New Intracanal Formulations Containing Doxycycline or Chlorhexidine Against Enterococcus faecalis
Authors: Pinto Shelon Cristina Souza , da Silva Ana Rita Marques , Santos Elizabete Brasil dos , Santos Fábio André dos , Farago Paulo Vitor , Gomes João Carlos , Pina-Vaz Irene , Carvalho Manuel Fontes 
Published: July 2019

ABSTRACT
The present study aims to evaluate the antimicrobial effect of two new intracanal preparations against E. faecalis. Thirty single-rooted human canine teeth were used. The crowns were removed and the roots were instrumented using a conventional technique. Three groups of ten teeth each were infected with 108 CFU/ ml of E. faecalis for 21 days. The root canals were filled with new intracanal medications containing 3% doxycycline hydrochloride (DX) or 2% chlorhexidine digluconate (CHX). Ten teeth received no medication (NM)-negative control. Microbial samples were obtained 21 days after contamination: 14 days under the effect of the intracanal medications and 7 days after replacing the medications by BHI broth. The samples were homogenized, diluted, seeded on BHI agar and incubated for 48h/36°C. The number of colony forming units (CFU/ml) was obtained and analyzed statistically. All intracanal dressings significantly reduced the number of bacterial cells in the root canal after 14 days with medication. After the period with 7 days with BHI broth, the CFU counts of E. faecalis remained at low values. However, the NM group showed a significant increase of CFU in this period to similar values of the initial contamination. 3% doxycycline hydrochloride gel and 2% CHX gel were effective to eliminate E. faecalis from the root canal system.

How to cite this article
da Silva ARM, Pinto SCS, dos Santos EB, dos Santos FA, Farago PV, Gomes JC, Pina-Vaz I, Carvalho MF. New Intracanal Formulations Containing Doxycycline or Chlorhexidine Against Enterococcus faecalis. J Contemp Dent Pract 2014;15(1):61-65.
The Effect of Mechanical Loading on the Cusp Deflection of Premolars Restored with Direct and Indirect Techniques
Authors: Sobrinho Lourenço Correr , Zamboni Sandra Costa , Nogueira Lafayette , Bottino Marco Antonio , Valandro Luiz Felipe 
Published: July 2019

ABSTRACT

Aim
This study assessed the effect of fatigue load cycling on human premolars restored with MOD restorations (direct and indirect approaches) on cuspal deflection, compared to intact teeth (unprepared) and unrestored teeth with an inlay preparation.

Materials and methods
MOD inlay preparations were performed on sixty premolars with their roots embedded in acrylic resin. These teeth were divided into six groups (n = 10): (1) intact teeth; (2) unrestored and prepared teeth; (3) teeth restored with direct composite resin; (4) teeth restored with an indirect composite resin; (5) teeth restored with injected ceramic inlays (IPS Empress 2 (Ivoclar); (6) teeth restored with CAD/CAM inlays made of feldspathic ceramic (Vita Mark II). All of the indirect restorations were adhesively cemented. Strain-gauges were bonded to the buccal and lingual surfaces of the specimens. Compressive axial loading of 100N was applied on the occlusal face of the specimens to measure the cuspal deflection (microstrain) under compressive loading. These measurements were obtained before and after mechanical cycling (1 Hz, 37°C, 100,000x).

Results
Comparing the results obtained before and after fatiguing, the cuspal deflection increased only in the CAD/CAM approach. The prepared tooth group had the highest cuspal deflection, before and after mechanical cycling.

Conclusion
the evaluated restoring approaches decrease the cuspal deflection, consequently appear to improve the cuspal reinforcement.

How to cite this article
Zamboni SC, Nogueira L, Bottino MA, Sobrinho LC, Valandro LF. Effect of Mechanical Loading on the Cusp Deflection of Premolars Restored with Direct and Indirect Techniques. J Contemp Dent Pract 2014;15(1):75-81.
Effect of Repeated Firings on Microtensile Bond Strength of Bi-layered Lithium Disilicate Ceramics (e.max CAD and e.max Press)
Authors: Jalali Hamid , Bahrani Zeinab , Zeighami Somayeh 
Published: July 2019

ABSTRACT

Aim
To achieve acceptable contour, color, esthetics, and occlusal relations, the porcelain may be subjected to several firing cycles. This study sought to assess the effect of multiple firing cycles on the microtensile bond strength (MTBS) of lithium disilicate-based ceramics (e.max Press, e.max CAD).

Materials and methods
IPS e.max computer aided design (CAD) cores were fabricated using CAD/(Computer Aided Manufacturing (CAM)) technology, and IPS e.max Press cores were fabricated using the heat-pressing technique (12 × 12 × 4 mm3). Cores in each group were divided into three subgroups based on the number of firing cycles (three, five, and seven cycles). After porcelain application, the samples were sectioned into microbars and a total of 20 sound microbars in each group were subjected to tensile load in a microtensile tester at a crosshead speed of 1 mm/minute. Microtensile bond strength of the core to the veneering porcelain was analyzed using one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA). Pairwise comparisons were made using the Tukey's test (p < 0.05).

Results
In the e.max CAD, the mean MTBS values were 22.07 ± 6.63, 34.68 ± 7.07, and 26.05 ± 10.29 MPa following three, five, and seven firing cycles respectively. These values for the e.max Press were 34.46 ± 9.28, 23.09 ± 5.02, and 31.26 ± 12.25 MPa respectively. There was significant difference in bond strength of e.max CAD (p < 0.003) and e.max Press (p < 0.002) based on the number of firing cycles.

Conclusion
Increasing the number of porcelain firing cycles decreased the bond strength of the core to the veneering porcelain in both ceramics.

Clinical significance
It is better to decrease the number of firing cycle as much as possible.

How to cite this article
Jalali H, Bahrani Z, Zeighami S. Effect of Repeated Firings on Microtensile Bond Strength of Bi-layered Lithium Disilicate Ceramics (e.max CAD and e.max Press). J Contemp Dent Pract 2016;17(7):530-535.
Evaluation of Inflammatory Response to Endodontic Sealers in a Bone Defect Animal Model
Authors: Scelza Miriam Z , Campos Carlos AM , Scelza Pantaleo , Adeodato Caroline SR , Barbosa Igor B , de Noronha Fernando , Montalli Victor , Napimoga Marcelo , de Araújo,1 Vera C , Alves Gutemberg G 
Published: July 2019

ABSTRACT

Aim
The aim of this study was to evaluate the inflammatory response to MTA Fillapex, AH Plus, and Pulp Canal Sealer Extensive Work Time (EWT), in a murine bone defect grafting model.

Materials and methods
Bilateral mandibular critical defects were produced in 45 Wistar rats with a trephine bur#2 and filled with the endodontic sealers. After 7, 14, and 28 days, the rats were euthanized and their jaws were histologically prepared.

Results
For the 7-day group, no statistical significance was observed among all studied groups (p > 0.05), and high levels of inflammatory infiltrate were detected. After 14 and 28 days, Pulp Canal Sealer EWT showed statistically lower inflammatory response in comparison to other sealers (p < 0.05) except for the control group (no sealers).

Conclusion
Pulp Canal Sealer EWT presented the lowest levels of inflammatory response. The critical defect grafting model was an effective method to detect differences among differences on the biological response to endodontic sealers.

Clinical significance
Knowing the biocompatibility of endodontics sealers that will be used in filling the root canal.

How to cite this article
Scelza MZ, Campos CAM, Scelza P, Adeodato CSR, Barbosa IB, de Noronha F, Montalli V, Napimoga M, de Araújo VC, Alves GG. Evaluation of Inflammatory Response to Endodontic Sealers in a Bone Defect Animal Model. J Contemp Dent Pract 2016;17(7):536-541.
Evaluation of Different Bracket's Resistance to Torsional Forces from Archwire
Authors: Khanapure Chaitanya C , Ayesha Salika , Kumar VJ Anil , Deepika C , Ahmed Haseena 
Published: July 2019

ABSTRACT

Aim
The present study was aimed to evaluate the resistance to deformation or fracture of brackets of various materials (ceramic, ceramic reinforced with metal slot, and stainless steel brackets) with archwires during application of torque.

Materials and methods
The sample size included 30 brackets of maxillary right central incisor with slot dimension of 0.022 × 0.028ʺ and made of three materials (10 of each type): (1) Ceramic brackets (cer), (2) ceramic brackets reinforced with stainless steel slot (cer/ss), and (3) stainless steel brackets (metal). Thirty stainless steel archwire segments of 0.019 × 0.025ʺ SS 5 cm in length were used. Elastomeric ties were also used in this study.

Results
Highest to lowest deformation or fracture torque found is as follows: Stainless steel brackets (5713.2 gfmm), metal ceramic reinforced with metal slot brackets (4080.8 gfmm), and ceramic brackets (3476 gfmm).

Conclusion
Stainless steel brackets showed significantly higher values of torsional load than ceramic brackets reinforced with metal slot and ceramic brackets.

Clinical significance
Clinically orthodontic treatment is based on specific force applications to the dentition, the maxilla and the mandible. In order to obtain these forces, orthodontic brackets are attached to the teeth. Most commonly used brackets are metal (stainless steel), ceramic, and combination of metal reinforced ceramic brackets. For successful orthodontic treatment, it is necessary to maintain proper torque and avoid torque loss. Torque loss leads to deepening of bite. Torque loss occurs due to many reasons, one of them being bracket failure to withstand applied torque.

How to cite this article
Khanapure CC, Ayesha S, Sam G, Kumar VJA, Deepika C, Ahmed H. Evaluation of Different Bracket's Resistance to Torsional Forces from Archwire. J Contemp Dent Pract 2016;17(7):564-567.
In vitro Evaluation of the Efficacy of 2% Carbonic Acid and 2% Acetic Acid on Retrieval of Mineral Trioxide Aggregate and their Effect on Microhardness of Dentin
Authors: Gupta Pooja , Abraham Sathish , Kamble Aradhana B , Satpute Archana , Chaudhari Salil , Ladhe Pushpak 
Published: July 2019

ABSTRACT

Introduction
In this in vitro study, the efficacy of 2% carbonic acid and 2% acetic acid on the surface, microhardness of white mineral trioxide aggregate (MTA) and dentin after 1 day of setting and 21 days of setting of MTA is measured.

Materials and methods
Tooth molds were made using 60 single-rooted premolars by slicing them to 4 mm in the mid-root region. White MTA (Angelus) was mixed and packed in the molds. Three experimental groups were formed and exposed to 2% carbonic acid, 2% acetic acid, and saline for 10 minutes on 1 and 21 days of setting respectively. Vickers hardness test of white MTA and dentin was done before and after exposure. Data were subjected to analysis of variance (ANOVA) and post hoc tests.

Results
The results show that 2% acetic acid was significantly effective in reducing the microhardness of white MTA compared to 2% carbonic acid and saline on exposure for 10 minutes.

Conclusion
The results of the present study indicate that 2% acetic acid has maximum efficacy in reducing the surface microhardness of partial and completely set MTA, followed by 2% carbonic acid.

Clinical significance
The following study will help find an adjunct for retrieval of MTA, which was found difficult with the existing methods.

How to cite this article
Abraham S, Kamble AB, Gupta P, Satpute A, Chaudhari S, Ladhe P. In vitro Evaluation of the Efficacy of 2% Carbonic Acid and 2% Acetic Acid on Retrieval of Mineral Trioxide Aggregate and their Effect on Microhardness of Dentin. J Contemp Dent Pract 2016;17(7):568-573.
Molar Incisor Hypomineralization
Authors: Patel Nikunj , Rao Murali H , Aluru Srikanth C , Bandlapalli Anila 
Published: July 2019

ABSTRACTMolar incisor hypomineralization (MIH) is a developmental defect affecting teeth. High prevalence rates of MIH and its clinical implications are significant for both the patients and clinicians. A wide variation in defect prevalence (2.4–40.2%) is reported. It seems to differ with regions and various birth cohorts. Some of the recent prevalence studies are tabulated.Patient implications include hypersensitive teeth, rapid progression of caries, mastication impairment due to rapid attrition, and esthetic repercussions. Implications for clinicians include complexity in treatment planning and treatment implementation, poor prognosis of the restorations, difficulty in achieving pain control during treatment, and behavior management problems. Intention of this paper is to review the etio-pathogenesis, prevalence, clinical features, diagnostic features, and eventually present a sequential treatment approach, i.e., in accordance with current clinical practice guidelines.How to cite this articleRao MH, Aluru SC, Jayam C, Bandlapalli A, Patel N. Molar Incisor Hypomineralization. J Contemp Dent Pract 2016;17(7):609-613.
Catalogue of Interactive Learning Objectives to improve an Integrated Medical and Dental Curriculum
Authors: Mahmoodi Benjamin , Sagheb K , Sagheb Ka , Schulz P , Willershausen B , Al-Nawas B , Walter C 
Published: July 2019

ABSTRACT

Introduction
Online learning media are increasingly being incorporated into medical and dental education. However, the coordination between obligatory and facultative teaching domains still remains unsatisfying. The Catalogue of Interactive Learning Objectives of the University Clinic of Mainz (ILKUM), aims to offer knowledge transfer for students while being mindful of their individual qualifications. Its hierarchical structure is designed according to the Association for Dental Education in Europe (ADEE) levels of competence.

Materials and methods
The ILKUM was designed to establish a stronger interconnection between already existing and prospective learning strategies. All contents are linked to the current lectures as well as to e-learning modules, e.g., clinical case studies and OR videos. Students can conduct self-examinations regarding specific learning objectives. Since 2007, ILKUM has been developed and analyzed regarding its acceptance among dental students.

Results
These improved e-learning techniques foster time and location-independent access to study materials and allow an estimation of the knowledge achieved by students. Surveys of our students clearly show a large demand for upgrading ILKUM content (89%; n = 172) with integrated self-testing (89%; n = 174). In parallel to the advancement of our e-learning offering, a portion of internet-based learning is constantly rising among students.

Conclusion
The broad acceptance and demand for the development of ILKUM show its potential. Moreover, ILKUM grants fast, topic-oriented querying of learning content without time and locale limitations as well as direct determination of the individually needed knowledge conditions.

Clinical significance
The long-term goal of the ILKUM project is to be a sustainable, important additional modality of teaching and training for dental and medical students.

How to cite this article
Mahmoodi B, Sagheb K, Sagheb K, Schulz P, Willershausen B, Al-Nawas B, Walter C. Catalogue of Interactive Learning Objectives to improve an Integrated Medical and Dental Curriculum. J Contemp Dent Pract 2016;17(12):965-968.