bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Apixaban for the prevention of thromboembolism in immunomodulatory‐treated myeloma patients: Myelaxat, a phase 2 pilot study
Authors: Pegourie Brigitte , Karlin Lionel , Benboubker Lotfi , Orsini‐Piocelle Frédérique , Tiab Mourad , Auger‐Quittet Sophie , Rodon Philippe , Royer Bruno , Leleu Xavier , Bareau Benoit , Cliquennois Manuel , Fuzibet Jean‐Gabriel , Voog Eric , Belhadj‐Merzoug Karim , Decaux Olivier , Rey Philippe , Slama Bohrane , Leyronnas Cecile , Zarnitsky Charles , Boyle Eileen , Bosson Jean Luc , Pernod Gilles ,   for the IFM Group
Published: March 2019

AbstractThe risk of venous thromboembolism (VTE) is higher in myeloma patients receiving immunomodulatory compounds. A VTE prophylaxis using low‐molecular‐weight heparin or aspirin is therefore proposed. Apixaban is an oral direct anti‐Xa. Several studies have shown the efficacy and safety of apixaban in VTE prophylaxis compared to enoxaparin. The objective of this prospective phase 2 pilot study was to assess the risk of VTE and bleeding in patients with myeloma treated with immunomodulatory compounds lenalidomide (len) or thalidomide (thal), using apixaban in a preventive scheme. Myeloma patients requiring Melphalan‐Prednisone‐Thalidomide in the first line, or Lenalidomide‐Dexamethasone in the relapse setting received apixaban, 2.5 mg x 2/day for 6 months. Venous (pulmonary embolism—PE, or symptomatic proximal or distal deep vein thrombosis—DVT, or all proximal asymptomatic events detected by systematic proximal bilateral compression ultrasound) or arterial thrombotic events, and bleeding events (ISTH 2005) were registered. One hundred and four patients were enrolled (mean age 69.8 ± 7.8 years), 11 in first line and 93 in relapse. Two venous thrombotic events were observed, for example, an asymptomatic proximal DVT and a symptomatic distal DVT, in the context of apixaban stopped 14 days before, due to lenalidomide‐induced thrombocytopenia. No PE or arterial cardiovascular events were reported. Only one major and 11 CRNM hemorrhages were reported. These data must now be confirmed on a randomized large study.
Diffuse large B‐cell lymphoma: 2019 update on diagnosis, risk stratification, and treatment
Authors: Liu Yang , Barta Stefan Klaus 
Published: March 2019

AbstractDisease OverviewDiffuse large B‐cell lymphoma (DLBCL) is the most common type of aggressive non‐Hodgkin lymphoma originating from the germinal center, and it represents a heterogeneous group of diseases with variable outcomes that are differentially characterized by clinical features, cell of origin (COO), molecular features, and most recently, frequently recurring mutations.DiagnosisDLBCL is ideally diagnosed from an excisional biopsy of a suspicious lymph node, which shows sheets of large cells that disrupt the underlying structural integrity of the follicle center and stain positive for pan‐B‐cell antigens, such as CD20 and CD79a. COO is determined by immunohistochemical stains, while molecular features such as double‐hit or triple‐hit disease are determined by fluorescent in situ hybridization analysis. Commercial tests for frequently recurring mutations are currently not routinely used to inform treatment.Risk StratificationClinical prognostic systems for DLBCL, including the rituximab International Prognostic Index, age‐adjusted IPI, and NCCN‐IPI, use clinical factors for the risk stratification of patients, although this does not affect the treatment approach. Furthermore, DLBCL patients with non‐germinal center B‐cell (GCB)‐like DLBCL (activated B‐cell like and unclassifiable) have a poorer response to up‐front chemoimmunotherapy (CI) compared to patients with GCB‐like DLBCL. Those with c‐MYC‐altered disease alone and in combination with translocations in BCL2 and/or BCL6 (particularly when the MYC translocation partner is immunoglobulin) respond poorly to up‐front CI and salvage autologous stem cell transplant at relapse.Risk‐Adapted TherapyThis review will focus on differential treatment of DLBCL up‐front and at the time of relapse by COO and molecular features.
Catalyst‐Free Reductive Coupling of Aromatic and Aliphatic Nitro Compounds with Organohalides
Authors: Rauser Marian , Eckert Raphael , Gerbershagen Max , Niggemann Meike 
Published: March 2019

AbstractA rare reductive coupling of nitro compounds with organohalides has been realized. The reaction is initiated by a partial reduction of the nitro group to a nitrenoid intermediate. Therefore, not only aromatic but also aliphatic nitro compounds are efficiently transformed into monoalkylated amines, with organohalides as the alkylating agent. Given the innate reactivity of the nitrenoid, a catalyst is not required, resulting in a high tolerance for aryl halide substituents in both starting materials.
Total Syntheses of (+)‐Sarcophytin, (+)‐Chatancin, (−)‐3‐Oxochatancin, and (−)‐Pavidolide B: A Divergent Approach
Authors: He Chuan , Xuan Jun , Rao Peirong , Xie Pei‐Pei , Hong Xin , Lin Xufeng , Ding Hanfeng 
Published: March 2019

AbstractA concise and divergent approach for the total syntheses of four cembrane diterpenoids, namely (+)‐sarcophytin, (+)‐chatancin, (−)‐3‐oxochatancin, and (−)‐pavidolide B, has been developed, and it also led to the structural revision of (−)‐isosarcophytin. The key steps of the strategy feature a double Mukaiyama Michael addition/elimination, a Helquist annulation, two substrate‐controlled facial‐selective hydrations, and a pinacol rearrangement. The described syntheses not only achieved these natural products in an efficient manner, but also provided insight into the biosynthetic relationship between the two different skeletons.
Anorganische CsPbX3‐Perowskit‐Solarzellen: Fortschritte und Perspektiven
Authors: Zhang Jingru , Hodes Gary , Jin Zhiwen , Liu Shengzhong (Frank) 
Published: March 2019

AbstractPerowskite auf Halogenidbasis haben sich aufgrund ihrer hervorragenden optoelektronischen Eigenschaften zu einem der wichtigsten Themen in der Photovoltaik‐Forschung entwickelt. Insbesondere wurden bei organisch‐anorganischen Perowskit‐Solarzellen (PSCs) rasche Fortschritte beim Wirkungsgrad (PCE, power conversion efficiency) erreicht, mit einem derzeitigen Rekordwert von 23.7 % PCE. Die an sich instabile Beschaffenheit dieser Materialien, insbesondere gegenüber Feuchtigkeit und Wärme, stellt jedoch ein Problem bezüglich ihrer Langzeitstabilität dar. Der Ersatz der fragilen organischen Gruppe durch robustere anorganische Cs+‐Kationen ergibt Caesiumbleihalogenide CsPbX3 (X=Halogenid), die thermisch viel stabiler und meist auch stabiler gegen andere Faktoren sind. Seit dem ersten Bericht im Jahr 2015 ist der PCE von CsPbX3‐basierten PSCs von 2.9 % bis auf heute 17.1 % mit deutlich verbesserter Stabilität gestiegen. In diesem Aufsatz sollen die bisherigen Ergebnisse auf dem Gebiet zusammenfasst und Lösungen für Entwicklungsengpässe vorgeschlagen werden.
Regio‐ and Enantio‐selective Chemo‐enzymatic C−H‐Lactonization of Decanoic Acid to (S)‐δ‐Decalactone
Authors: Manning Jack , Tavanti Michele , Porter Joanne L. , Kress Nico , De Visser Sam P. , Turner Nicholas J. , Flitsch Sabine L. 
Published: March 2019

AbstractThe conversion of saturated fatty acids to high value chiral hydroxy‐acids and lactones poses a number of synthetic challenges: the activation of unreactive C−H bonds and the need for regio‐ and stereoselectivity. Here the first example of a wild‐type cytochrome P450 monooxygenase (CYP116B46 from Tepidiphilus thermophilus) capable of enantio‐ and regioselective C5 hydroxylation of decanoic acid 1 to (S)‐5‐hydroxydecanoic acid 2 is reported. Subsequent lactonization yields (S)‐δ‐decalactone 3, a high value fragrance compound, with greater than 90 % ee. Docking studies provide a rationale for the high regio‐ and enantioselectivity of the reaction.
Ca2PbGa8O15: Rational Design, Synthesis, and Structure Determination of a Purely Tetrahedra‐Based Intergrowth Oxide
Authors: Jiang Pengfei , Jiang Fuwei , Yue Mufei , Ju Jing , Xu Chunling , Cong Rihong , Yang Tao 
Published: March 2019

AbstractIntergrowth oxides, like Aurivillius, Ruddlesden–Popper phase, comprise functional layers and exhibit interesting physical properties. The hitherto known intergrowth structures mainly were composed of closed‐packing of oxygen ions, and it is very challenging to develop new types of intergrowth structures. We proposed the possible match between the tridymite and grossite, both of which are purely tetrahedra‐based structures. We synthesized Ca2PbGa8O15 ((Ca0.5Pb0.5Ga2O4)2(CaGa4O7)) and its structure was solved by ab‐initio method. Pb2+ is vitally important to stabilize this first example of tetrahedra‐based intergrowth oxide. The appropriate size difference between Pb2+ and Ca2+ causes the layered type cationic ordering, and reduced the thermodynamic potential, in addition, the high hybridization between Pb 6s6p and O 2p orbitals further consolidate the covalency of the tetrahedra‐base framework.
Enantioselective Arylation of Benzylic C−H Bonds by Copper‐Catalyzed Radical Relay
Authors: Zhang Wen , Wu Lianqian , Chen Pinhong , Liu Guosheng 
Published: March 2019

AbstractA novel enantioselective copper‐catalyzed arylation of benzylic C−H bonds, using alkylarenes as a limiting reagent, has been developed. A chiral bisoxazoline ligand bearing an acetate ester moiety plays a key role in both the reactivity and enantioselectivity of the reaction. The reaction provides efficient access to various chiral 1,1‐diarylalkanes in good yields with good to excellent enantioselectivities, and displays excellent functional‐group tolerance.
Blends of photovoltaic‐grade ethylene–vinylacetate copolymers and low‐density ethylene–octene copolymers, their morphology and their thermal, mechanical, and rheological properties
Authors: Ehrich Christian , Schulze Stefan‐H. , Ramezani Farzad , Klehm Jessica , Androsch René 
Published: March 2019

ABSTRACTBlends of photovoltaic‐grade ethylene–vinyl acetate copolymer (EVA), defined by high VA‐content and low crystallinity, and low‐density ethylene–octene copolymer (EO) have been investigated with regard to their processing, thermal and mechanical properties as well as their morphology. It was found that the amount of EO in the blend has a strong influence on the shear thinning behavior, melt viscosity and therefore the required extrusion temperature and resulting ability to incorporate temperature‐sensitive additives like a peroxidic crosslinking agent. A phase separated morphology was found for all blend compositions, though partial miscibility leading to co‐crystallization was observed for EVA rich blends. EO rich blends show lower glass transition and higher melting point compared to neat EVA and exhibit higher elastic modulus at elevated temperatures as well as greater elongation at break during tensile testing while the light transmission is diminished. © 2019 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Appl. Polym. Sci.2019,136, 47714.
Dispersal and mortality of translocated thick‐shelled river mussel Unio crassus Philipsson, 1788 adults revealed by radio tracking
Authors: Zając Katarzyna , Zając Tadeusz A. , Adamski Paweł , Bielański Wojciech , Ćmiel Adam M. , Lipińska Anna M. 
Published: March 2019

Abstract

Freshwater mussels are one of the most endangered groups of animals. Translocation is a common conservation measure for protecting them, but the success of this procedure varies widely, and the reasons for failure are frequently unknown.
The dispersal and mortality of freshwater mussels was studied using a novel method: the radio tracking of Unio crassus translocated to new sites during a reintroduction project for this threatened species in the River Biała (Poland).
Individual mussels were equipped with radio transmitters (10 mussels at each of four sites during low water in autumn, and 10 mussels at each of 11 sites during the spring flood). After being released into the water, the mussels generally moved away from the bank, and then performed erratic movements, dispersing over a larger area on flat parts of the riverbed, finally congregating on steep parts of the river bed in shallow water (0.20 m) near the bank.
Mussel mortality was surprisingly low: all survived the autumn trial, and 80% of the radio‐tracked adults survived the spring flood. Some of them were displaced quite far within the channel (>100 m), apparently suffering no harm. The confirmed cases of mortality were a few individuals that had become stranded on gravel bars formed during the flood that were now drying out.
Long‐distance displacement was more frequent in lotic or regulated parts of the channel and in the parts where the channel morphology was unstable during the flood.
Radiotelemetry should be used to test the suitability of receptor sites before translocation, in order to find places where mussels will choose to stay, and to standardize mussel detectability when monitoring relocation success.
Ticks (Acari: Ixodoidea) in China: Geographical distribution, host diversity, and specificity
Authors: Zhang Yan‐Kai , Zhang Xiao‐Yu , Liu Jing‐Ze 
Published: March 2019

AbstractTicks are obligate blood‐sucking ectoparasites, which not only directly damage through bites but also transmit many pathogens. China has a high diversity of tick species, 125 species have been reported, including 111 hard tick and 14 soft tick species. Many of the ticks are important vectors of pathogens, resulting in zoonoses. The dynamics of ticks are affected by both the host and habitat environment. However, systematic studies on the geographical distribution, host diversity, and specificity of ticks are limited in China. To achieve this goal, the relevant available data were summarized and analyzed in this study. Ticks are distributed in all parts of China and Xinjiang has the most records of ticks. The distribution of ticks in adjacent areas is similar, indicating that the habitat environment affects their distribution. Most ticks are widely distributed, whereas some species are endemic to their distributed regions. Ticks are parasitic on mammals, birds, and reptiles, of which mammals are the main host species. Overall, most ticks parasitize different hosts, only a few ticks have strict host specificity, such as ticks that are specifically parasitic on reptiles and bats. In addition, environmental changes and control efforts also influence the dynamics of ticks. These results can better reveal tick biological traits and are valuable for tick control.
2‐Phenylquinoline–Sugar Hybrids as Photoswitchable α‐Glucosidase Inhibitors
Authors: Kitamura Takashi , Okuyama Mai , Takahashi Daisuke , Toshima Kazunobu 
Published: March 2019

AbstractPurpose‐designed 2‐phenylquinoline (PQ)‐sugar hybrids 1 and 2 were synthesized and evaluated for their photodegradation activities against an α‐glucosidase target. The results indicated that PQ‐mannose hybrid 2 selectively and effectively photodegraded α‐glucosidase and significantly inhibited its enzymatic activity upon irradiation with long‐wavelength UV light in the absence of any additives under neutral and aqueous conditions. Furthermore, 2 selectively and effectively inhibited α‐glucosidase activity only with photo‐irradiation even in complex cell lysate.
The future of biomass and bioenergy deployment and trade: a synthesis of 15 years IEA Bioenergy Task 40 on sustainable bioenergy trade
Authors: Junginger Hans Martin , Mai‐Moulin Thuy , Daioglou Vassilis , Fritsche Uwe , Guisson Ruben , Hennig Christiane , Thrän Daniela , Heinimö Jussi , Hess J Richard , Lamers Patrick , Li Chenlin , Kwant Kees , Olsson Olle , Proskurina Svetlana , Ranta Tapio , Schipfer Fabian , Wild Michael 
Published: March 2019

AbstractCurrent biomass production and trade volumes for energy and new materials and bio‐chemicals are only a small fraction to achieve the bioenergy levels suggested by many global energy and climate change mitigation scenarios for 2050. However, comprehensive sustainability of large scale biomass production and trading has yet to be secured, and governance of developing biomass markets is a critical issue. Fundamental choices need to be made on how to develop sustainable biomass supply chains and govern sustainable international biomass markets. The aim of this paper is to provide a vision of how widespread trade and deployment of biomass for energy purposes can be integrated with the wider (bio)economy. It provides an overview of past and current trade flows of the main bioenergy products, and discusses the most important drivers and barriers for bioenergy in general, and more specifically the further development of bioenergy trade over the coming years. It discusses the role of bioenergy as part of the bioeconomy and other potential roles; and how it can help to achieve the sustainable development goals. The paper concludes that it is critical to demonstrate innovative and integrated value chains for biofuels, bioproducts, and biopower that can respond with agility to market factors while providing economic, environmental, and societal benefits to international trade and market. Furthermore, flexible biogenic carbon supply nets based on broad feedstock portfolios and multiple energy and material utilization pathways will reduce risks for involved stakeholder and foster the market entry and uptake of various densified biogenic carbon carriers. © 2019 Society of Chemical Industry and John Wiley & Sons, Ltd
The Comprehensive Resource Model®: Overview of basic affects in adversity & effective treatment for complex reactions to trauma
Authors: Hull Alastair M. , Corrigan Frank M. 
Published: March 2019

AbstractMuch of the theoretical focus in post‐traumatic stress disorder has been on the role of the amygdala, the hippocampus and the prefrontal cortex. Crucially, in unresolved traumatic experiences that underlie clinical presentations, this focus misses the brain areas key to the defence responses of fight, flight and freeze—and the associated affects of anger, fear and grief. The periaqueductal gray in the midbrain, with the hypothalamus, is essential for these somatic and emotional responses to traumatic experiences. We argue that when treatment approaches thought to work at the higher brain levels have been ineffective, it is because they have failed to engage the midbrain and hypothalamic sources of the affective responses to the trauma and to the memory of it. Basic affects have been so overwhelming that dissociation, or a similarly protective neurochemical capping mechanism, has prevented full resolution of the affective content of the adversity. Treatment with the Comprehensive Resource Model®(CRM) aims to clear the clinically relevant residues of adverse experiences by resolving the emotional responses accessed through the body memories. When the trauma has led to overwhelming distress, and/or dissociation, there is a necessity for robust resourcing to be in place before the emotional intensity of that distress is accessed. Resourcing needs to be as proximal to the re‐experience as possible to promote complete resolution and in some psychotherapy modalities, the supports provided are somewhat remote from the crucial moments of processing. Therefore, we describe how theCRMseeks to have robustly resourced states present concurrently with traumatised states to avoid overwhelming emotional distress. This allows safe entry into the deepest pain residual from the traumatic event so that it is not overwhelming during processing of the memory, and does not lead to further dissociation, allowing the individual to remain fully present throughout. This “stepping into the affect” can then be so rapidly effective that we also argue thatCRMis not an exposure treatment; re‐orientation to the deepest content of the experience resolves the residual distress quickly and permanently through memory reconsolidation. Re‐learning at upper brain levels will then follow from the revoking of the affective power, which has previously driven stimulus/context and response learning in the amygdala, hippocampus and prefrontal cortex.
Stability Is Not Everything: The Case of the Cyclisation of a Thrombin‐Binding Aptamer
Authors: Riccardi Claudia , Meyer Albert , Vasseur Jean‐Jacques , Russo Krauss Irene , Paduano Luigi , Oliva Rosario , Petraccone Luigi , Morvan François , Montesarchio Daniela 
Published: March 2019

AbstractWith the aim of developing a new approach to obtain improved aptamers, a cyclic thrombin‐binding aptamer (TBA) analogue (cycTBA) has been prepared by exploiting a copper(I)‐assisted azide–alkyne cycloaddition. The markedly increased serum resistance and exceptional thermal stability of the G‐quadruplex versus TBA were associated with halved thrombin inhibition, which suggested that some flexibility in the TBA structure was necessary for protein recognition.
Treating hemolysis due to perivalvular leaks: It is all about modifying micro‐jets and not the volume of regurgitation
Authors: Gilchrist Ian C. 
Published: March 2019

Key Points

Paravalvular leak closure may have a therapeutic effect on the extent of hemolysis that some patients experience after valve surgery.
Reduction of hemolysis is most likely in a patient with a mechanical valve and is not necessarily correlated with the volume of regurgitative flow or its subsequent reduction.
Hemolysis associated with biological valves are less likely to respond to perivalvular leak closure suggesting that mechanisms other than net volume of regurgitation or micro‐jets are present and should be considered.
Efficient Production of Furanic Diether in a Continuous Fixed Bed Reactor
Authors: Hu Hualei , Hu Danxin , Jin Haitao , Zhang Pilan , Li Guozheng , Zhou Hao , Yang Yong , Chen Chunlin , Zhang Jian , Wang Lei 
Published: March 2019

AbstractThe selective conversion of 2,5‐bis(hydroxymethyl)furan (BHMF) to 2,5‐bis(ethoxymethyl)furan (BEMF) was investigated in a fixed bed reactor over several heterogeneous solid acid catalysts, including Amberlyst‐15, ZSM‐5, Mordenite, and a series of hierarchically structured ZSM‐5 zeolites (HSZ). The HSZ catalysts exhibited superior catalytic performance to other three commercial catalysts. The highest yield of BEMF (90.46 %) was obtained over the HSZ‐150 catalyst under the reaction condition of 140 °C, 2.0 MPa of H2, and 0.3 h−1 of WHSV. Moreover, the HSZ‐150 catalyst displayed an extremely good stability in the etherification reaction, maintaining more than 80 % yield of BEMF for about 80 h. The outstanding catalytic performance of the HSZ‐150 catalyst could be ascribed to that the presence of mesopores enhanced the etherification activity by alleviating the diffusion limitation, and the appropriate acidity improved the BEMF selectivity via suppressing the side reactions.
Phosphite‐thioether/selenoether Ligands from Carbohydrates: An Easily Accessible Ligand Library for the Asymmetric Hydrogenation of Functionalized and Unfunctionalized Olefins
Authors: Margalef Jèssica , Borràs Carlota , Alegre Sabina , Alberico Elisabetta , Pàmies Oscar , Diéguez Montserrat 
Published: March 2019

AbstractA large family of phosphite‐thioether/selenoether ligands has been easily prepared from accessible L‐(+)‐tartaric acid and D‐(+)‐mannitol and applied in the M‐catalyzed (M=Ir, Rh) asymmetric hydrogenation of a broad number of substrates (46 in total). Its highly modular architecture has been crucial to maximize the catalytic performance. Improving most of the reported approaches, this ligand family presents a broad substrate scope. By selecting the ligand parameters high enantioselectivities (ee's up to 99 %) have therefore been achieved in a broad range of both, functionalized and unfunctionalized substrates. Interestingly, both enantiomers of the hydrogenation products can be usually achieved by changing the ligand parameters.