bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Single-session esophagogastroduodenoscopy and endoscopic ultrasound using a forward-viewing radial scan ultrasonic endoscope
Authors: Uchida Daisuke , Kato Hironari , Matsumoto Kazuyuki , Ishihara Yuki , Matsumi Akihiro , Saragai Yosuke , Takada Saimon , Yabe Shuntaro , Muro Shinichiro , Tomoda Takeshi , Horiguchi Shigeru , Okada Hiroyuki 
Published: September 2019

Abstract
Background and Aims
Endoscopic ultrasound is useful for obtaining high-resolution images of pancreaticobiliary diseases, but is not readily available for physical checkups. In this study, we evaluated the safety and efficacy of single-session esophagogastroduodenoscopy and endoscopic ultrasound in the detection of upper-gastrointestinal and pancreaticobiliary diseases using a forward-viewing radial scan ultrasonic endoscope.
Methods
A total of 148 patients who were scheduled for upper-gastrointestinal screening using an endoscope were prospectively included. All patients were examined by EUS in combination with EGD using a forward-viewing radial scan ultrasonic endoscope. The primary endpoint was the safety of the procedures. The secondary endpoints were the prevalence of diseases, the basal imaging capability of EUS, the procedure time, total dose of propofol, and the correlation between background factors and the prevalence of pancreatic disease. The imaging capability at each region was scored as 0 (invisible) to 2 (sufficient visualization to evaluate the organs).
Results
Intraoperative hypotension occurred as an adverse event of intravenous anesthesia in one patient. There were 82 pancreaticobiliary findings and 165 upper-gastrointestinal findings (malignancy not included). Follicular lymphoma of the intra-abdominal lymph nodes was detected in one patient. The mean imaging scores of each section were 1.95 (pancreatic head and papilla), 2.0 (pancreatic body), 1.99 (pancreatic tail), and 1.89 (common bile duct and gallbladder). Age, history of diabetes mellitus, and smoking history were significantly associated with the prevalence of pancreatic diseases.
Conclusion
The simultaneous performance of EGD and EUS using a new ultrasonic endoscope is tolerable and safe for upper-gastrointestinal and pancreaticobiliary screening.
Assessing stationary distributions derived from chromatin contact maps
Authors: Segal Mark , Fletez-Brant Kipper 
Published: September 2019

Abstract
Background Three dimensional (3D) genome spatial organization is critical for numerous cellular functions, including transcription. Genome architecture had been difficult to elucidate but the suite of chromatin conformation capture assays, notably Hi-C transformed understanding of chromatin organization, yielding numerous insights, many deriving from 3D reconstructions. In part, these benefits derive from the ability to superpose genomic features on the reconstruction. However, the advantages of 3D structure-based analyses are clearly conditional on the accuracy of the corresponding reconstruction, which is difficult to assess due to an absence of gold standards. Proponents of competing reconstruction algorithms have evaluated their accuracy by recourse to simulation of toy structures and limited FISH imaging that features a handful of low resolution probes. While newly advanced multiplexed FISH imaging offers possibilities for refined 3D reconstruction accuracy evaluation, availability of such data remains limited due to assay complexity and the resolution thereof is appreciably lower than the reconstructions being assessed. Accordingly, there is demand for new methods of reconstruction accuracy appraisal. Results Here we explore the potential of recently proposed stationary distributions, StatDns, derived from Hi-C contact matrices, to serve as a basis for reconstruction accuracy assessment. Current usage of such StatDns has focussed on the identification of highly interactive regions (HIRs): computationally defined regions of the genome purportedly involved in numerous long-range intra-chromosomal contacts. Consistent identification of HIRs would be informative with respect to inferred 3D architecture since the corresponding regions of the reconstruction would have an elevated number of k nearest neighbors ( k NNs). More generally, we anticipate a monotone decreasing relationship between StatDn values and k NN distances. After initially evaluating the reproducibility of StatDns across replicate Hi-C data sets, we use this implied StatDn - k NN relationship to gauge the utility of StatDns for reconstruction validation, making recourse to both real and simulated examples. Conclusions Our analyses demonstrate that, as constructed, StatDns do not provide a suitable measure for assessing the accuracy of 3D genome reconstructions. Whether this is attributable to specific choices surrounding normalization in defining StatDns or to the logic underlying their very formulation remains to be determined.
The Six Aspect Meal Model as a Conceptual Framework in Nursing Research - Childhood cancer/stem cell transplantation and the mealtime situation with a gastrostomy tube
Authors: Mårtensson Ulrika , Nolbris Margaretha Jenholt , Mellgren Karin , Wijk Helle , Nilsson Stefan 
Published: September 2019

Abstract
Background: Children with cancer usually undergo an intensive and demanding course of treatment, which can consist of chemotherapy, radiation, surgery or stem cell transplantation, separately or in different combinations. The cancer treatment may induce side effects, which negatively affect the child’s appetite and ability to eat and drink, thus causing eating problems. Because of this, a gastrostomy tube may be required in order to maintain and optimise the child’s nutritional needs. There is limited knowledge and experience of the environment and the mealtime situation for children who have undergone a stem cell transplantation and require a gastrostomy tube. Methods: Interviews were developed from semi-structured questions and were performed with the aim of investigating the experience of living with a gastrostomy tube, focusing on the mealtime situation. The Six Aspect Meal Model (SAMM) was used as a base in the interview guide. The transcripts were analysed using the qualitative directed content analysis approach outlined by Hsieh and Shannon. Results: It emerged that all the different aspects were represented in the interviews, but there were also many experiences related to the gastrostomy tube that did not fit under any of the six predetermined categories. Experiences that were associated with psychosocial dimensions emerged as an important factor with regard to the gastrostomy tube and the mealtime situation. As a result, the Six Aspect Meal Model (SAMM) needs to be supplemented with one more aspect. Conclusions: The psychosocial aspect seems to affect the mealtime situation, and it is important to include this in nursing practice. According to the result, the Six Aspect Meal Model (SAMM) have to be added with one more aspect in order to meet the children´s needs in an optimal way. It seems to be a model which can be transferred and used in clinical nursing practice in order to chart and improve the mealtime situation for those children with cancer who are required to use a gastrostomy tube.
The Prevalence, Awareness, Management and Control of Hypertension in Men and Women in Benin, West Africa: the TAHES study.
Authors: Desormais Ileana , Amidou Salimanou Ariyoh , Houehanou Yessito Corine , Houinato Stephan Dismand , Gbagouidi Gwladys Nadia , Preux Pierre Marie , Aboyans Victor , Lacroix Philippe 
Published: September 2019

Abstract
Background Sub-Saharan Africa is facing a growing burden of non-communicable diseases, including cardiovascular diseases (CVDs), due to epidemiological transitions. Among their risk factors, hypertension is a major determinant of CVDs, but the prevalence and level of awareness and management of this condition are poorly studied in African populations. The aim of this study was to determine the prevalence of hypertension and identify its associated risk factors as well as the awareness and management of this condition in a community-dwelling cohort in Benin. Methods A cross-sectional door-to-door study was conducted in the population over the age of 25 years in Tanve, a rural setting in Benin. The questionnaire and anthropometric measurements of the World Health Organization STEPWISE survey were used. Blood pressure was measured using standard procedures. Results The sample included 1777 subjects (60.9% females, mean age was 42.5±16.5 years). The prevalence of hypertension was 32.9%, similar in men (32.8%) and women (33.0%, p=0.9342). Age and obesity were significantly associated with hypertension. Less than half (42%) of hypertensive people were aware about their condition and only 46.3% of them were treated. Awareness ratios differed between men and women (respectively 32.9% vs. 47.5%; p= 0.0039) and was not influenced by age, education, occupation, marital status or income. Female sex was the only factor associated with better controlled HTN, independent of socio-economic parameters. Conclusion This large population-based study confirms the high prevalence, low awareness, and low control of hypertension in men and women in sub-Saharan Africa. Only half of the populations with hypertension are aware of their hypertension, indicating a high burden of undiagnosed and un-controlled high blood pressure in these populations.
Association of simple renal cysts and chronic kidney disease with large abdominal aortic aneurysm
Authors: Miszczuk Milena , Müller Verena , Althoff Christian Ernst , Stroux Andrea , Widhalm Daniela , Dobberstein Andy , Greiner Andreas , Kuivaniemi Helena , Hinterseher Irene 
Published: September 2019

Abstract
Background: Abdominal aortic aneurysms (AAA) primarily affect men over 65 years old who often have many other diseases, with similar risk factors and pathophysiological mechanisms to AAA. The aim of this study was to assess the prevalence of simple renal cysts (SRC), chronic kidney disease (CKD), and other kidney diseases (e.g. nephrolithiasis) among patients presenting with AAA.

Methods: Two groups of patients (100/group), with and without AAA, from the Surgical Clinic Charité, Berlin, Germany, were selected for the study. The control group consisted of patients who were evaluated for a kidney donation (n = 14) and patients who were evaluated for an early detection of a melanoma recurrence (n = 86). The AAA and control groups were matched for age and sex. Medical records were analyzed and computed tomography scans were reviewed for the presence of SRC and nephrolithiasis.

Results: SRC (73% vs. 57%; p<0.001) and CKD (31% vs. 8%; p<0.001) were both more common among AAA than control group patients. On multivariate analysis, CKD, but not SRC, showed a strong association with AAA.

Conclusions: Knowledge about pathophysiological mechanisms and association between CKD and AAA could provide better diagnostic and therapeutic approaches for these patients.
Circulating tumour cell enumeration does not correlate with Miller-Payne grade in a cohort of breast cancer patients undergoing neoadjuvant chemotherapy
Authors: O'Toole Sharon , Spillane Cathy , Huang Yanmei , Fitzgerald Marie , Ffrench Brendan , Mohamed Bashir , Ward Mark , Gallagher Michael , Kelly Tanya , O'Brien Cathal , Ruttle Carmel , Bogdanska Anna , Martin Cara , Mullen Dorinda , Connolly Elizabeth , McGarrigle Sarah A , Kennedy John , O'Leary John J 
Published: September 2019

Abstract
Background: Detection and enumeration of Circulating Tumour Cells (CTCs) has been evaluated in many cancers such as breast cancer. However, the full prognostic and predictive power of CTCs for cancer cannot currently be harnessed, and the association between pathological complete response in patients receiving neoadjuvant chemotherapy for breast cancer and CTCs is still not clear. The aim of this study was to assess if CTCs could be used to predict pathological response to neoadjuvant chemotherapy in breast cancer patients.
Methods: 26 patients were recruited, and blood samples taken pre- and post-neoadjuvant chemotherapy. CTCs were isolated using the ScreenCell device and stained using a modified Giemsa stain. CTCs were enumerated by 2 pathologists and classified as single CTCs, doublets clusters/microemboli. Counts were then correlated to the pathological response as measured by the Miller-Payne grading system. The associations between CTCs and clusters and pathological variables were evaluated with χ2 or ANOVA tests performed in the SPSS 24.0 statistics software.
Results: 89% of the patients had invasive ductal carcinoma and 11% invasive lobular carcinoma. At baseline 85% of patients had CTCs present and only 4 patients were CTC negative. Median baseline CTC count was 7 (0-161) CTCs per 3mls of whole blood. Post chemotherapy, 58% of the patients had an increase in CTCs. This change in CTC count did not correlate with the Miller Payne grade of response to chemotherapy. No significant association was identified between the number of CTCs and clinical characteristics, including patient age, receptor status, tumour grade, disease type, lymph node metastasis, lymphovascular space invasion, radiological response or clinical or pathological stage. However, we did observe a correlation between pre-treatment CTC counts and body mass index, p<0.05.
Conclusions: There was no correlation between the pre- and post-chemotherapy total number of CTCs/clusters and the Miller Payne grade. It is not enough to evaluate pathological response for neoadjuvant chemotherapy for breast cancer patients utilising CTCs identified by Giemsa staining alone. Additional characterisation is needed to further characterise CTCs isolated pre- and post-chemotherapy. Long-term follow-up of these patients will determine the significance of CTCs in breast cancer patients undergoing neoadjuvant chemotherapy.
Suppression of Mig-6 overcomes the acquired EGFR-TKI resistance of lung adenocarcinoma
Authors: Kang Da Hyun , Yeo Min-Kyung , Lee Da Hye , Yoo Geon , Cho Sang Yeon , Oh In-Jae , Kim Ju-Ock , Park Hee Sun , Chung Chaeuk , Lee Jeong Eun 
Published: September 2019

Abstract
Background
The resistance to epidermal growth factor receptor-tyrosine kinase inhibitor (EGFR-TKI) is one of the most important problems in lung cancer field. Mitogen-inducible gene 6 (Mig-6) is known to inhibit the kinase activity of epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) and studies of mouse models suggested tumor suppressive function of Mig-6 in lung cancer. On the contrary, the results of clinical studies showed that lung cancer patients with high expression of Mig-6 are associated with a poor prognosis. Recent study showed that unlike wild type (WT) EGFR, mutant EGFR phosphorylates Mig-6 and phosphorylated Mig-6 negatively regulates the degradation of EGFR mutants in lung adenocarcinoma. Here, we tried to untangle the controversies surrounding Mig-6 function in lung cancer and EGFR-TKI resistance.
Methods
We compared the expression and phosphorylation status of Mig6 in the EGFR-TKI resistant lung adenocarcinoma (PC9/GR cells) to EGFR-TKI sensitive lung adenocarcinoma (PC9 cells). We checked the function of Mig6 by knock down and overexpression in those cells and evaluated the efficacy of combination of Mig6 knock down and EGFR-TKI in PC9/GR. The correlation between Mig6 expression and the prognosis of lung adenocarcinoma were examined by The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) data and clinical samples.
Results
Our results showed that the expression of Mig-6 was significantly increased PC9/GR cells compared to PC9 cells. And most of Mig-6 was phosphorylated in PC9 and PC9/GR cells. Moreover, overexpression of Mig-6 significantly increased the cell proliferation, invasion and epithelial mesenchymal transition (EMT) in PC9 cells. Combination of Mig-6 knock-down and EGFR-TKI treatment significantly overcame the EGFR-TKI resistance. In addition, our analyses of clinical samples confirmed that high Mig-6 expressions are correlated with a poor prognosis and EGFR-TKI resistance in lung adenocarcinoma.
Conclusion
Our work supports that Mig-6 is an oncoprotein in the context of EGFR-TKI resistant lung adenocarcinoma. We propose that targeting Mig-6 may be a promising strategy to overcome the EGFR-TKI resistance in lung cancer.
Computational Analysis of Dipyrone Metabolite 4-Aminoantipyrine As A Cannabinoid Receptor 1 Agonist
Authors: Russo Silvana , de Azevedo Walter Filgueira 
Published: September 2019

Background:
Cannabinoid receptor 1 has its crystallographic structure available in
complex with agonists and inverse agonists, which paved the way to establish an understanding
of the structural basis of interactions with ligands. Dipyrone is a prodrug with analgesic capabilities
and is widely used in some countries. Recently some evidence of a dipyrone metabolite
acting over the Cannabinoid Receptor 1has been shown.

Objective:
Our goal here is to explore the dipyrone metabolite 4-aminoantipyrine as a Cannabinoid
Receptor 1 agonist, reviewing dipyrone characteristics, and investigating the structural
basis for its interaction with the Cannabinoid Receptor 1.

Method:
We reviewed here recent functional studies related to the dipyrone metabolite focusing
on its action as a Cannabinoid Receptor 1 agonist. We also analyzed protein-ligand interactions
for this complex obtained through docking simulations against the crystallographic structure
of the Cannabinoid Receptor 1.

Results:
Analysis of the crystallographic structure and docking simulations revealed that most
of the interactions present in the docked pose were also present in the crystallographic structure
of Cannabinoid Receptor 1 and agonist.

Conclusion:
Analysis of the complex of 4-aminoantipyrine and Cannabinoid Receptor 1 revealed
the pivotal role played by residues Phe 170, Phe 174, Phe 177, Phe 189, Leu 193, Val
196, and Phe 379, besides the conserved hydrogen bond at Ser 383. The mechanistic analysis
and the present computational study suggest that the dipyrone metabolite 4-aminoantipyrine
interacts with the Cannabinoid Receptor 1.
Hydroxyapatite-alginate Based Matrices for Drug Delivery
Authors: Nayak Amit K. , Hasnain Md. Saquib , Nanda Sitansu S. , Yi Dong K. 
Published: September 2019

Background:Hydroxyapatite (HAp) is a biocompatible bioceramic compound by nature and widely utilized in a broad range of biomedical applications, especially in drug delivery, tissue engineering, orthopedics, dentistry, etc. To intensify its usage, HAp is being reinforced with different biopolymer(s). In these bioceramicbiopolymeric systems, HAp crystallites have been well inviolate with the alginate molecules. The objective of this review article is to present a comprehensive discussion of different recently researched drug-releasing potential by HAp-alginate based matrices.Methods:During past few years, HAp particles (both synthesized and naturally derived) have been reinforced within different alginate-based systems to load a variety of drug candidates. Most of the reported drug-releasing HAp-alginate based matrices were prepared by the methodology of ionic-gelation of sodium alginate followed by air-drying/spray drying process.Results:HAp-alginate systems have already been proved as useful for loading a variety of drugs and also resulting sustained drug delivery with minimizing the drawbacks of pure alginate matrices (such as burst drug-releasing and low mechanical property in the alkaline pH).Conclusion:HAp-alginate composites loaded with different kinds of drugs have already been reported to exhibit sustained releasing of loaded drugs over a longer period.
Computational Approaches for Elucidating Protein-Protein Interactions in Cation Channel Signaling
Authors: Hu Baichun , Zheng Xiaoming , Wang Ying , Wang Jian , Zhang Fengjiao 
Published: September 2019

Background:
The lipid bilayer of the plasma membrane is impermeable to ions, yet
changes in the flux of ions across the cell membrane are critical regulatory events in cells. Because of
their regulatory roles in a range of physiological processes, such as electrical signaling in muscles and
neurons, to name a few, these proteins are one of the most important drug targets.

Objective:
This review mainly focused on the computational approaches for elucidating proteinprotein
interactions in cation channel signaling.

Discussion:
Due to continuously advanced facilities and technologies in computer sciences, the physical
contacts of macromolecules of channel structures have been virtually visualized. Indeed, techniques
like protein-protein docking, homology modeling, and molecular dynamics simulation are
valuable tools for predicting the protein complex and refining channels with unreleased structures.
Undoubtedly, these approaches will greatly expand the cation channel signaling research, thereby
speeding up structure-based drug design and discovery.

Conclusion:
We introduced a series of valuable computational tools for elucidating protein-protein
interactions in cation channel signaling, including molecular graphics, protein-protein docking, homology
modeling, and molecular dynamics simulation.
Hyaluronan Fragmentation During Inflammatory Pathologies: A Signal that Empowers Tissue Damage
Authors: Avenoso Angela , Bruschetta Giuseppe , D`Ascola Angela , Scuruchi Michele , Mandraffino Giuseppe , Saitta Antonino , Campo Salvatore , Campo Giuseppe M. 
Published: September 2019

:
The mechanisms that modulate the response to tissue injury are not fully understood. Abnormalities
in the repair response are associated with a variety of chronic disease states characterized
by inflammation, followed subsequently by excessive ECM deposition. As cell-matrix interactions are
able to regulate cellular homeostasis, modification of ECM integrity appears to be an unspecific factor
in promoting the onset and progression of inflammatory diseases. Evidence is emerging to show that
endogenous ECM molecules supply signals to damage tissues and cells in order to promote further
ECM degradation and inflammation progression. Several investigations have been confirmed that HA
fragments of different molecular sizes exhibit different biological effects and responses. In fact, the increased
deposition of HA into the ECM is a strong hallmark of inflammation processes. In the context
of inflammatory pathologies, highly polymerized HA is broken down into small components, which
are able to exacerbate the inflammatory response by inducing the release of various detrimental mediators
such as reactive oxygen species, cytokines, chemokines and destructive enzymes and by facilitating
the recruitment of leukocytes. However, strategies involving the modulation of the HA fragment
with specific receptors on cell surface could represent different promising effects for therapeutic scope.

:
This review will focus on the inflammation action of small HA fragments in recent years obtained by
in vivo reports.