bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Genetic dissection of grain zinc concentration in spring wheat for mainstreaming biofortification in CIMMYT wheat breeding
Authors: Velu Govindan , Singh Ravi Prakash , Crespo-Herrera Leonardo , Juliana Philomin , Dreisigacker Susanne , Valluru Ravi , Stangoulis James , Sohu Virinder Singh , Mavi Gurvinder Singh , Mishra Vinod Kumar , Balasubramaniam Arun , Chatrath Ravish , Gupta Vikas , Singh Gyanendra Pratap , Joshi Arun Kumar 
Published: September 2018

AbstractWheat is an important staple that acts as a primary source of dietary energy, protein, and essential micronutrients such as iron (Fe) and zinc (Zn) for the world’s population. Approximately two billion people suffer from micronutrient deficiency, thus breeders have crossed high Zn progenitors such as synthetic hexaploid wheat, T. dicoccum, T. spelta, and landraces to generate wheat varieties with competitive yield and enhanced grain Zn that are being adopted by farmers in South Asia. Here we report a genome-wide association study (GWAS) using the wheat Illumina iSelect 90 K Infinitum SNP array to characterize grain Zn concentrations in 330 bread wheat lines. Grain Zn phenotype of this HarvestPlus Association Mapping (HPAM) panel was evaluated across a range of environments in India and Mexico. GWAS analysis revealed 39 marker-trait associations for grain Zn. Two larger effect QTL regions were found on chromosomes 2 and 7. Candidate genes (among them zinc finger motif of transcription-factors and metal-ion binding genes) were associated with the QTL. The linked markers and associated candidate genes identified in this study are being validated in new biparental mapping populations for marker-assisted breeding.
Solid-state random microlasers fabricated via femtosecond laser writing
Authors: Tomazio Nathália B. , Sciuti Lucas F. , de Almeida Gustavo F. B. , De Boni Leonardo , Mendonca Cleber R. 
Published: September 2018

AbstractHere we demonstrate resonant random lasing in Rhodamine B-doped polymeric microstructures fabricated by means of femtosecond laser writing via two-photon polymerization. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first demonstration of random lasing action in on-chip microdevices. Their feedback mechanism relies on diffuse reflections at the structure sidewall surfaces, which is known as spatially localized feedback since the scattering centers lie over the edges of the gain medium. By exciting the structures with a pulsed laser at 532 nm, a multimode emission with randomly distributed narrow peaks was observed, in accordance with the random nature of the feedback mechanism. Interestingly, their lasing threshold was found to be on the order of tens of nanojoules, which is comparable to what had been achieved for usual microcavities, thereby demonstrating the potentiality of these devices as solid-state lasers for integrated optics applications.
Global sea level change signatures observed by GRACE satellite gravimetry
Authors: Jeon Taehwan , Seo Ki-Weon , Youm Kookhyoun , Chen Jianli , Wilson Clark R. 
Published: September 2018

AbstractIce mass loss on land results in sea level rise, but its rate varies regionally due to gravitational self-attraction effects. Observing regional sea level rates by ocean mass change using the Gravity Recovery and Climate Experiment (GRACE) gravity solutions is difficult due to GRACE’s spatial resolution (~a few hundred km) and other limitations. Here we estimate regional sea level mass change using GRACE data (without contributions from temperature and salinity variations) by addressing these limitations: restoring spatially spread and attenuated signals in post-processed GRACE data; constraining ocean mass distribution to conform to the changing geoid; and judging specific corrections applied to GRACE data including a new geocenter estimate. The estimated global sea level mass trend for 2003–2014 is 2.14 ± 0.12 mm/yr. Regional trends differ considerably among ocean basins, ranging from −0.5 mm/yr in the Arctic to about 2.4 mm/yr in the Indian and South Atlantic Oceans.
Bioengineering functional smooth muscle with spontaneous rhythmic contraction in vitro
Authors: Kobayashi Masae , Khalil Hassan A. , Lei Nan Ye , Wang Qianqian , Wang Ke , Wu Benjamin M. , Dunn James C. Y. 
Published: September 2018

AbstractOriented smooth muscle layers in the intestine contract rhythmically due to the action of interstitial cells of Cajal (ICC) that serve as pacemakers of the intestine. Disruption of ICC networks has been reported in various intestinal motility disorders, which limit the quality and expectancy of life. A significant challenge in intestinal smooth muscle engineering is the rapid loss of function in cultured ICC and smooth muscle cells (SMC). Here we demonstrate a novel approach to maintain the function of both ICC and SMC in vitro. Primary intestinal SMC mixtures cultured on feeder cells seeded electrospun poly(3-caprolactone) scaffolds exhibited rhythmic contractions with directionality for over 10 weeks in vitro. The simplicity of this system should allow for wide usage in research on intestinal motility disorders and tissue engineering, and may prove to be a versatile platform for generating other types of functional SMC in vitro.
New Optical Imaging Reporter-labeled Anaplastic Thyroid Cancer-Derived Extracellular Vesicles as a Platform for In Vivo Tumor Targeting in a Mouse Model
Authors: Gangadaran Prakash , Li Xiu Juan , Kalimuthu Senthil kumar , Min Oh Ji , Hong Chae Moon , Rajendran Ramya Lakshmi , Lee Ho Won , Zhu Liya , Baek Se Hwan , Jeong Shin Young , Lee Sang-Woo , Lee Jaetae , Ahn Byeong-Cheol 
Published: September 2018

AbstractExtracellular vesicles (EVs), originating from multivesicular bodies by invagination of the endosomal membrane, are communication channels between distant cells. They are natural carriers of exogeneous cellular materials and have been exploited as drug delivery carriers in various diseases. Here, we found that tumor cell-derived EVs can be used as efficient targets in tumors by monitoring with an optical reporter system. Anaplastic thyroid cancer (CAL62) cell-derived EVs with Renilla luciferase (Rluc) were used to target CAL62 tumors in a mouse model. Optical imaging revealed that cancer cell-derived EVs (EV-CAL62/Rluc) targeted the original tumor (CAL62) in mice within 30 min after systemic injection. Furthermore, fluorescence imaging revealed that EV-CAL62/Rluc were internalized into CAL62 tumors in the mice. Ex vivo Optical imaging further confirmed the in vivo finding. Here, we successfully monitored the tumor targeting ability of tumor cell-derived EVs by optical imaging. Based on these results, tumor cell-derived EVs are highly effective natural carriers for drug delivery for cancer therapies.
Imaging and clinical data archive for head and neck squamous cell carcinoma patients treated with radiotherapy
Authors: Grossberg Aaron J. , Mohamed Abdallah S. R. , Elhalawani Hesham , Bennett William C. , Smith Kirk E. , Nolan Tracy S. , Williams Bowman , Chamchod Sasikarn , Heukelom Jolien , Kantor Michael E. , Browne Theodora , Hutcheson Katherine A. , Gunn G. Brandon , Garden Adam S. , Morrison William H. , Frank Steven J. , Rosenthal David I. , Freymann John B. , Fuller Clifton D. 
Published: September 2018

AbstractCross sectional imaging is essential for the patient-specific planning and delivery of radiotherapy, a primary determinant of head and neck cancer outcomes. Due to challenges ensuring data quality and patient de-identification, publicly available datasets including diagnostic and radiation treatment planning imaging are scarce. In this data descriptor, we detail the collection and processing of computed tomography based imaging in 215 patients with head and neck squamous cell carcinoma that were treated with radiotherapy. Using cross sectional imaging, we calculated total body skeletal muscle and adipose content before and after treatment. We detail techniques for validating the high quality of these data and describe the processes of data de-identification and transfer. All imaging data are subject- and date-matched to clinical data from each patient, including demographics, risk factors, grade, stage, recurrence, and survival. These data are a valuable resource for studying the association between patient-specific anatomic and metabolic features, treatment planning, and oncologic outcomes, and the first that allows for the integration of body composition as a risk factor or study outcome.
High resolution temperature data for ecological research and management on the Southern Ocean Islands
Authors: Leihy Rachel I. , Duffy Grant A. , Nortje Erika , Chown Steven L. 
Published: September 2018

AbstractSouthern Ocean Islands are globally significant conservation areas. Predicting how their terrestrial ecosystems will respond to current and forecast climate change is essential for their management and requires high-quality temperature data at fine spatial resolutions. Existing datasets are inadequate for this purpose. Remote-sensed land surface temperature (LST) observations, such as those collected by satellite-mounted spectroradiometers, can provide high-resolution, spatially-continuous data for isolated locations. These methods require a clear sightline to measure surface conditions, however, which can leave large data-gaps in temperature time series. Using a spatio-temporal gap-filling method applied to high-resolution (~1 km) LST observations for 20 Southern Ocean Islands, we compiled a complete monthly temperature dataset for a 15-year period (2001–2015). We validated results using in situ measurements of microclimate temperature. Gap-filled temperature observations described the thermal heterogeneity of the region better than existing climatology datasets, particularly for islands with steep elevational gradients and strong prevailing winds. This dataset will be especially useful for terrestrial ecologists, conservation biologists, and for developing island-specific management and mitigation strategies for environmental change.
Diagnosing aerosols in extrasolar giant planets with cross-correlation function of water bands
Authors: Pino Lorenzo , Ehrenreich David , Allart Romain , Lovis Christophe , Brogi Matteo , Malik Matej , Nascimbeni Valerio , Pepe Francesco , Piotto Giampaolo 
Published: September 2018

Transmission spectroscopy with ground-based, high-resolution instruments provides key insight into the composition of exoplanetary atmospheres. Molecules such as water and carbon monoxide have been unambiguously identified in hot gas giants through cross-correlation techniques. A maximum in the cross-correlation function (CCF) is found when the molecular absorption lines in a binary mask or model template match those contained in the planet. Here, we demonstrate how the CCF method can be used to diagnose broadband spectroscopic features such as scattering by aerosols in high-resolution transit spectra. The idea consists in exploiting the presence of multiple water bands from the optical to the near-infrared. We have produced a set of models of a typical hot Jupiter spanning various conditions of temperature and aerosol coverage. We demonstrate that comparing the CCFs of individual water bands for the models constrains the presence and the properties of the aerosol layers. The contrast difference between the CCFs of two bands can reach ~100 ppm, which could be readily detectable with current or upcoming high-resolution stabilized spectrographs spanning a wide spectral range, such as ESPRESSO, CARMENES, HARPS-N+GIANO, HARPS+NIRPS, SPIRou, or CRIRES+.
Risikofaktoren für psychische Auffälligkeiten von Kindern und Jugendlichen mit Infantiler Zerebralparese und Spina bifida
Authors: Kohleis Katy , Storck Markus , Geissler-preuss Sibylle , Hirsch Almut , Kuhn Florian , Ortfeld Stefan , Rapp Marion , Bode Harald 
Published: September 2018

Zusammenfassung
Hintergrund Kinder und Jugendliche mit infantiler Zerebralparese (CP) und mit Spina bifida (SB) haben ein erhöhtes Risiko für psychische Auffälligkeiten. Ziel dieser Studie war es, im Vergleich beider Gruppen krankheitsspezifische und psychosoziale Risikofaktoren mit der qualitativen Ausprägung psychischer Auffälligkeiten zu korrelieren.
Patienten In einer multizentrischen Querschnittstudie wurden 271 Patienten mit CP und 84 mit SB (Alter 3–17 Jahre) eingeschlossen.
Methoden Die Eltern beantworteten die Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaire (SDQ), machten Angaben zum soziodemografischen Status und zur sozialen Teilhabe ihrer Kinder. Daten zum kognitiven, motorischen und sozialen Funktionsniveau der Patienten wurden aus den Akten bzw. durch die behandelnden Pädiater erhoben.
Ergebnisse 30,2% der CP und 18,1% der SB Patienten zeigten einen auffälligen SDQ-Gesamtproblemwert (Norm 10,0%). Erhöhte Prävalenzen bestanden fort, wenn für den IQ als Kovariate kontrolliert wurde. In beiden Gruppen wurden Korrelationen zwischen externalisierenden Auffälligkeiten (Verhaltensprobleme, Hyperaktivität) und Schweregrad (IQ-Minderung; motorische Beeinträchtigung) gefunden. Emotionale Probleme korrelierten – unabhängig vom Schweregrad – mit der sozialen Teilhabe. In beiden Gruppen bestanden nur schwache Zusammenhänge mit Alter und Geschlecht. Bei Berücksichtigung des IQ als Kovariate bestanden keine Gruppenunterschiede in der psychischen Symptomatik zwischen CP und SB-Patienten.
Schlussfolgerung Psychische Auffälligkeiten bei Kindern und Jugendlichen mit CP bzw. SB korrelieren mit verschiedenen Risikofaktoren (IQ, motorische Beeinträchtigung, Alter, Geschlecht, Teilhabe). Eine Verbesserung ihrer Früherkennung, der Teilhabe und psychotherapeutische Angebote sind erforderlich.
Evaluation of Radiation Dose and Image Quality using High-Pitch 70-kV Chest CT in Immunosuppressed Patients
Authors: Yel Ibrahim , Martin Simon , Wichmann Julian , Lenga Lukas , Albrecht Moritz , Bucher Andreas , Kaltenbach Benjamin , Polkowski Christoph , Booz Christian , Vogl Thomas , Hammerstingl Renate 
Published: September 2018

Purpose The aim of the study was to evaluate high-pitch 70-kV CT examinations of the thorax in immunosuppressed patients regarding radiation dose and image quality in comparison with 120-kV acquisition.
Materials and Methods The image data from 40 patients (14 women and 26 men; mean age: 40.9 ± 15.4 years) who received high-pitch 70-kV CT chest examinations were retrospectively included in this study. A control group (n = 40), matched by age, gender, BMI, and clinical inclusion criteria, had undergone standard 120-kV chest CT imaging. All CT scans were performed on a third-generation dual-source CT unit. For an evaluation of the radiation dose, the CT dose index (CTDIvol), dose-length product (DLP), effective dose (ED), and size-specific dose estimates (SSDE) were analyzed in each group. The objective image quality was evaluated using signal-to-noise (SNR) and contrast-to-noise ratios (CNR). Three blinded and independent radiologists evaluated subjective image quality and diagnostic confidence using 5-point Likert scales.
Results The mean dose parameters were significantly lower for high-pitch 70-kV CT examinations (CTDIvol, 2.9 ± 0.9 mGy; DLP, 99.9 ± 31.0 mGyxcm; ED, 1.5 ± 0.6 mSv; SSDE, 3.8 ± 1.2 mGy) compared to standard 120-kV CT imaging (CTDIvol, 8.8 ± 3.7mGy; DLP, 296.6 ± 119.3 mGyxcm; ED, 4.4 ± 2.1 mSv; SSDE, 11.6 ± 4.4 mGy) (P≤ 0.001). The objective image parameters (SNR: 7.8 ± 2.1 vs. 8.4 ± 1.8; CNR: 7.7 ± 2.4 vs. 8.3 ± 2.8) (P≥ 0.065) and the cumulative subjective image quality (4.5 ± 0.4 vs. 4.7 ± 0.3) (p = 0.052) showed no significant differences between the two protocols.
Conclusion High-pitch 70-kV thoracic CT examinations in immunosuppressed patients resulted in a significantly reduced radiation exposure compared to standard 120-kV CT acquisition without a decrease in image quality.
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Citation Format
Dffierent Effects of Human Neutrophil Elastase on Platelet Glycoproteins IIb and IIIa of Resting and Stimulated Platelets
Authors: Bykowska K , Pawlowska Z , Cierniewski C , Lopaciuk S , Kopeć M 
Published: September 2018

SummaryThe effect of human neutrophil elastase (HNE) on the structure and receptor activity of platelet glycoprotein IIb/IIIa complex was studied. Resting platelets, which bound only traces of 125I-fibrinogen in the absence of ADR were found to be barely susceptible to HNE. As shown by immunoblotting experiments, treatment of such platelets with HNE (14 μg/ml) did not provoke a detectable cleavage of GPIIb but resulted in a partial digestion of GPIIIa and appearance of 110 kDa fragment. Such proteolytic modification of the GPIIb/IIIa complex was accompanied by a slight increase in the binding of fibrinogen to blood platelets in the absence of ADP. Treatment of partially activated platelets (spontaneous activation during washing procedure) with HNE caused a progressive loss of GPIIb and degradation of GPIIIa to 110 kDa and 60 kDa fragments. These spontaneously stimulated platelets had initially a high number of fibrinogen binding sites exposed, corresponding to approximately 50% of receptor capacity observed in platelets activated by the optimal concentration of ADP. Digestion of GPIIb/IIIa by HNE of such platelets markedly increased the exposure of fibrinogen receptors. Thus, the stimulation of platelets increases significantly the susceptibility of the GPIIb/IIIa complex to proteolysis by HNE. However, such modification of the GPIIb/IIIa does not destroy its function as a receptor for fibrinogen either on the resting or activated platelets.
Role of Active Center and Lysine Binding Sites of Plasmin in Plasmin-Induced Platelet Activation and Disaggregation
Authors: Lu He , Soria Claudine , Li Hong , Soria Jeannette , Lijnen H Roger , Perrot Jean Y , Caen Jacques P 
Published: September 2018

SummaryPrevious studies have shown that plasmin can activate platelets and - can also disperse platelet aggregates by degradation of fibrinogen bound to platelets. In this study, the role of the active center and the lysine binding sites (LBS) of human plasmin in activating platelets and in dispersing platelet aggresates is investigated using aprotinin and the tripeptide Val-Phe-Lys-CH2Cl to inhibit the active center and using epsilon-aminocaproic acid (EACA) to specifically block the LBS. Our results show that the catalytic activity of plasmin is indispensable both for activating platelets and for dispersing platelet aggregates. Binding of plasmin to platelets through the LBS enhances its activating potential, since both EACA (1 mM) and Lys-plasminogen (molar ratio of plasminogen:plasmin at 2:l to 4:1) inhibit plasmininduced platelet activation, whereas Glu-plasminogen at a molar ratio of 15: I had no effect. Furthermore, plasmin which lacks the LBS (miniplasmin), is about 3 fold less effective in activating platelets. Flowever, plasmin binding through the LBS is not absolutely required to disperse platelet aggregates, since EACA at 30 mmol/l was unable to prevent disaggregation by plasmin (half disaggregation time: 40 min in the presence of EACA against 27 min in its absence). It also appeared that fibrinogen receptors on activated platelets are resistant to plasmin degradation, and that disaggregation of plasmin-induced platelet aggregates was much slower than the degradation of fibrinogen by plasmin.
Fibrinolytic Activity in Rat Anaphylaxis
Authors: Fésüs László , Ölveti Éva , Csaba Béla , Muszbek László 
Published: September 2018

SummaryThe activity of fibrinolytic system measured by different methods and the concentration of plasma fibrinogen were determined in rats suffering mild or severe active anaphylactic shock.In severe anaphylactic shock of Bordetella Pertussis Vaccine pretreated animals, the plasminogen activator content was markedly enhanced and the fibrinolytic activity significantly increased; however, the total inhibitor capacity did not change. The fall in fibrinogen concentration was only moderate. Similar but minor enhancement of fibrinolysis could be observed in mild anaphylaxis.The results suggest that the activated plasminogen-plasmin system may contribute to the development of severe anaphylactic outcome in the rat. The possible pathogenic mode is discussed.
Six New Cases of a Caterpillar-Induced Bleeding Syndrome
Authors: Arocha-Piñango C L , de Bosch N B , Torres A , Goldstein C , Nouel A , Argüello A , Carvajal Z , Guerrero B , Ojeda A , Rodriguez A , Rodriguez S 
Published: September 2018

SummaryWe describe six new cases of a hemorrhagic diathesis induced by contact with Lonomia achelous caterpillars. Onset of clinical bleeding varied between a few hours and 10 days post-exposure. Laboratory coagulation tests showed prolonged PT, PTT and ThT; normal platelets and a marked decrease of fibrinogen, factor V, plasminogen and factor XIII (including its subunits A and S). Factors VII, II and alfa 2 anti-plasmin were variably affected. In addition, activation of the fibrinolytic system and the generation of a procoagulant effect could also be demonstrated. Two cases developed severe hemorrhagic diathesis and one of them died of a cerebral hemorrhage. Different aspects of this rare syndrome are discussed in relation to its complex physiopathology and the variability observed in all clinical and laboratory manifestations. Therapeutic recommendations and some possible hazards following replacement transfusions are also considered.
Five Novel Mutations of the Protein S Active Gene (PROS 1) in 8 Norman Families
Authors: Duchemin Jérôme , Borg Jeanne-Yvonne , Borgel Delphine , Vasse Marc , Lévèque Hervé , Aiach Martine , Gandrille Sophie 
Published: September 2018

SummaryTo further elucidate the molecular basis for hereditary thrombophilia, we screened the protein S active gene in 11 families with type I deficiency, using a strategy based on denaturating gradient gel electrophoresis (DGGE) of all the coding sequences. Fragments with an abnormal DGGE pattern were sequenced, and 5 novel mutations were identified in 8 families. The mutations were a 7-nucleotide deletion in exon II, a 4-nucleotide deletion in exon III, a T insertion in exon VII, a C to T transition transforming Leu 259 into Pro and a T to C transition transforming Cys 625 into Arg in 4 families. These mutations were the only sequence variations found in the propositus’ gene exons and co-segregated with the plasma phenotype. A total of 28 members of these 8 families were heterozygous for one of the 5 mutations. Twenty-four (58,5%) of the 41 deficient subjects over 18 years of age had clinical thrombophilia, whereas the 13 subjects under 18 were asymptomatic. Of the 28 subjects, 6 (21,5%) were also found to bear the factor V Arg 506 Gin mutation.
Neurobiologisch informierte Psychopathologie psychotischer Erkrankungen
Authors: Stegmayer K. , Strik W. , Walther S. 
Published: September 2018

Zusammenfassung
Hintergrund: Die Symptomatik der Schizophrenie ist vielgestaltig und kann sowohl interindividuell als auch intraindividuell stark variieren. Eine dimensionale Betrachtung der Symptomgruppen hat sich insgesamt als erfolgreich durchgesetzt, mit einem Vorteil für komplexere Modelle. Allerdings lässt sich trotz der differenzierten Erhebung selten ein direktes neuronales Korrelat mit Methoden der modernen Hirnforschung erstellen. Methode: Neben der Diskussion dimensionaler Modelle stellen wir hier eine neuartige, neurobiologisch informierte Psychopathologie vor. Abgeleitet aus den Kerneinschränkungen in der Kommunikation und den zugrundeliegenden Hirnsystemen haben wir ein dreidimensionales Modell psychotischer Erkrankungen erstellt. Hierbei werden Sprache, Affekte und Motorik abgebildet. Ergebnis: Untersuchungen an verschiedenen Stichproben etablierten die Dimensionsstruktur und zeigten deutliche Zusammenhänge zwischen veränderter Neuroanatomie und Symptomausprägung. Ziel wäre es, mit dem Wissen über die Pathomechanismen präzise Interventionen für die geeigneten Patienten zu entwickeln.