bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Analisis Kinerja Usahatani Perkebunan Kelapa Sawit Rakyat Melalui Pola Kemitraan di Provinsi Kalimantan Tengah
Authors: Suharno Suharno , Yuprin A.D. Yuprin A.D. , Barbara Betrixia 
Published: July 2018

There are three models of partnership in the development of smallholders plantation of palm oil in Center of Kalimantan Province, those are: (1) inti-plasma model that is managed by cooperative; (2) inti-plasma model that is managed by company; (3) inti-plasma model that is managed by individual farmers. This research aims to find the best partnership model amongst them. This research has been done in Kotawaringin Barat District for the first and the third type of models and in Katingan District for the second type. Collecting data and informations was done by Focus Group Discussion (FGD) and interviewed to the farmer respondents. A random sampling of 30 farmers was chosen for the first and the second models. For the second model, all of the farmers who follow the program as many as 20 farmers was chosen as this research respondent. The research found that the first type of those models is the best amongst of the partnership models because of following reasons: (1) highest productivity, about 20 tonnes FFB/ha/year; (2) highest farmer income about Rp 15,682,711/ha/year; (3) business risks are shared by all of the cooperative members; (4) there is guarantee of the input supply and marketing of farming yied from company as a business partner; (5) farmers have some opportunities to increase their household income as company workers or through the other activities. This research recommends to the Government of Kalimantan Tengah Province to oblige the plantation companies to implement an inti-palsma partnership model that is managed by cooperative for whom obligation to develop about 20% of their plantation area for smallholders.
Perilaku Kewirausahaan pada Usaha Mikro Kecil (UMK) Tempe di Bogor Jawa Barat
Authors: Nursiah Tita , Kusnadi Nunung , Burhanuddin Burhanuddin 
Published: July 2018

Micro and small enterprises (MSE) is a dominant business form in Indonesia with the percentage up to 90%. However, there is a tendency that the entrepreneur is identified to large scale of business. The purpose of this study were (1) identify the characteristics of entrepreneurs in MSE industry (2) analyze the effect of entrepreneurial characteristics and the business climate for entrepreneurial behavior (3) analyze the effect of entrepreneurial behavior on its performance. Purposive sampling technique was applied to select 121 respondent. Structural Equation Modelling (SEM) was used to estimate entrepreneurial behavior. The results of this study showed that entrepreneurial characteristics was found on the MSE, furthermore stronger entrepreneurial characteristics was found on the large scale production. There is a positive and significant relationship between entrepreneurial characteristics and the business climate for entrepreneurial behavior. Entrepreneurial characteristics was influencing the most on the behavior of entrepreneurs. In addition entrepreneurial behavior was also positive and significant influence on its business performance. Thus, this study confirmed that entrepreneurial behavior was also found in small businesses, not only in large enterprises.
STRATEGI PENGEMBANGAN USAHATANI KANGKUNG ORGANIK DI KABUPATEN BOGOR
Authors: Suroyo Junior Raden Sonny , Hariyadi Hariyadi , Mulatsih Sri 
Published: July 2018

<p><em>Organic farming was an agricultural farming techniques that rely on natural in without using of synthetic chemicals and organic agricultural farming was have provide</em><em>d</em><em> </em><em>health </em><em>agricultural products, especially food that was safe</em><em>d</em><em> for the health and consumers does not damage the environment.</em><em> </em><em>Based conventional farming systems such as the high energy input of chemical fertilizers and pesticides can damage and lower productivity of the soil. Soil degradation and environment</em><em> damage</em><em> destruction is the massive impact of the green revolution program in the 19</em><em>8</em><em>0s. A combination of Internal factors (IFE) and external (EFE) matrix produces IE (Internal-External). SWOT (Strength, Weakness, Opportunities, Threats) of the organic</em><em> </em><em>farming water spinach in Bogor regency</em><em>.</em><em> Learn</em><em>ing</em><em> the best strategies in the analysis with Matrix QSP (Quantitative Strategic Planning)</em><em>. </em><em>Based on the analysis of the activity of farming and the analysis of income from 500 m2 in 1 year only farmers have </em><em>sold</em><em> water spinach in market organic </em><em>until </em><em>1,728 kg price of products 6.000</em><em> IDR</em><em> and 2,472 kg </em><em>had </em><em>sold in traditional market at a price of 2.500</em><em> IDR</em><em>. However, this </em><em>s</em><em>hows that the farming of organic water spinach </em><em>has </em><em>financially profitable enough and will be more profitable when the entire water spinachcan </em><em>hade </em><em>be</em><em>en</em><em> sold to the organic market.</em><em> </em><em>The results of the analysis of strategies using IE Matrix, SWOT Matrix and QPS Matrix acquired three most important strategies to be implemented: 1) "Strengthen and improve farm management institutions" (TAS value = 6.87); 2) Developing of human resources in the post-harvest handling (TAS value = 5.85); and 3) Extend the market network (TAS value = 5.63)</em></p>
ANALISIS PENGEMBANGAN BISNIS MADU PADA CV ATH-THOIFAH DENGAN PENDEKATAN BUSINESS MODEL CANVAS
Authors: Kamila Rezki , Syarief Rizal , Saptono Imam Teguh 
Published: July 2018

<p><em>Honey has many benefits not only as a medicine but also can be used as a food supplement. The market opportunities for honey business is still very wide open, this is indicated by the high value of Indonesian honey imports compared to the export value. Seeing these market conditions is one of the fundamental things established of CV Ath-Thoifah, si one of the company that develops traditional herbal products in Indonesia and basically using honey as the main ingredients of its products. The aims of this study are identifying business model canvas, determining the priority elements on business model canvas that will be developed, composing business model canvas improvement, and preparing alternative strategy to develop business of CV Ath-Thoifah. The respondents in this study are from internal and external team. The processing and data analysis utilize the qualitative method, identification of the current business model canvas, determination the priority elements to be developed use importance performance analysis method, SWOT analysis</em><em>, and designing alternative business strategy. </em><em>The results </em><em>show nine elements of business model canvas </em><em>in </em><em>CV Ath-Thoifah now. Key activities, key partnership, and cost structure are the priority elements that will be developed. Based on the results of SWOT analysis and FGD, the alternative strategies can be coclude: 1) developing business in big cities outside Jabodetabek area, 2) adding distributors and agents intensively, 3) establishing special partnership in information </em><em>technology</em><em> (IT), 4) applying Good Manufacturing Practices (GMP) principles and BPOM certification, 4) increasing the allocation of funds in research and development field.</em></p>
Aerobic Fitness and Cognition Changes After Exercise Training in Alzheimer's Disease
Authors: Salisbury Dereck L. , Yu Fang 
Published: July 2018

Background: Alzheimer's disease (AD) currently affects 5.4 million Americans and is the sixth leading cause of death in the United States. The mechanism of exercise-induced brain adaptations are not fully understood, but enhanced aerobic fitness has been postulated as an essential physiological mechanism and is beginning to be studied. The purpose of this analysis was to examine the relationship between changes in aerobic fitness and cognition following 6 months of aerobic exercise training in older adults with AD.Methods: Twenty-seven community-dwelling older adults with mild to moderate AD completed a 6-month, 3 times per week, moderate-vigorous intensity cycling exercise program in 2 identical studies using a single-group repeated-measures designs. AD symptoms were measured with the AD Assessment Scale–cognitive subscale (ADAS-cog), while aerobic fitness was assessed by the intermittent shuttle walk test (ISWT) at baseline and 6 months. Pearson's correlation coefficient tests and linear regression were used to assess the relationship between changes in aerobic fitness and cognition.Results: Adjusted for age, the 6-month change in ISWT distance had an inverse relationship with the 6-month change in ADAS-Cog (r = −0.49; P = .01), indicating that enhanced aerobic fitness was associated with improved cognitive changes. Linear regression was statistically significant when adjusted by age (F([2,14] =5.33, P =.01, R2 = .31).Conclusion: Enhanced aerobic fitness may attenuate cognitive decline in persons with mild to moderate AD.
INFLUÊNCIA DO ENOS NAS CHUVAS ANUAIS DA REGIÃO AMAZÔNICA DO MATO GROSSO
Authors: Souza Adilson Pacheco , Ascoli Carla Aparecida , Uliana Eduardo Morgan , Almeida Frederico Terra de , Casavecchia Bruno Henrique 
Published: July 2018

A quantidade e as distribuições espaciais e temporais das chuvas determinam o tipo de vegetação natural, potencialidades de exploração agropecuária e disponibilidade de recursos hídricos. Todavia, as chuvas estão diretamente relacionadas com a circulação geral da atmosfera (CGA) e com as mudanças nos seus comportamentos. Em escala global, a maior influência é decorrente do modo de variabilidade climático denominado de El Niño-Oscilação Sul (ENOS) e suas diferentes fases/intensidades (El Niño – EN; La Niña - LN), que determinam as anomalias de chuva em diversas regiões. Diante da grande aptidão agropecuária do estado de Mato Grosso (MT), objetivou-se avaliar as influências do EN e LN para as bacias hidrográficas dos Rios Juruena, Teles Pires e Xingu, situados na região Amazônica. As regiões das nascentes (Alto) das três bacias apresentam similaridade nos totais anuais de chuva. As diferentes intensidades de EN e LN influenciaram de forma significativa nos índices de chuva anual na bacia do Rio Teles Pires. EN-Forte provoca reduções nos totais anuais de chuvas nas regiões baixas (foz) das três bacias hidrográficas. LN-Forte aumentou as chuvas anuais independentemente da região do rio Teles Pires. LN-moderado reduz os totais anuais de chuva independentemente da bacia hidrográfica.Palavra-chave: bacias hidrográficas, variabilidade climática, distribuição espacial. ENOS INFLUENCE IN THE ANNUAL RAINS OF THE REGION AMAZON OF MATO GROSSO STATE ABSTRACT:The amount and spatial and temporal distributions of rainfall determine the type of natural vegetation, agricultural exploration potential and availability of water resources. However, the rainfall are directly dependents to the general circulation of the atmosphere and changes in your behavior. On a global scale, the major influences are the result of the El Niño-Southern Oscillation (ENSO) and its different phases/intensities (El Niño - EN; La Niña - LN), which determine the precipitation anomalies in several regions. Given the large agricultural faculty of Mato Grosso State, Brazil, aimed to evaluate the influence of EN and LN phenomena for the watershed of the rivers Juruena, Teles Pires and Xingu, located in the Amazon region. The regions of the sources of river (High) of the three watershed have similarity in total annual rainfall. The different intensities of EN and LN cause greater influence in the rates of annual rainfall in the Teles Pires Watershed. EN-Intensive causes reductions in total annual rainfall in the lowlands (mouth rivers) of the three watersheds. LN-Intensive provides increase in annual rainfall regardless of the Teles Pires River region. LN-moderate reduces the total annual rainfall regardless of the watershed.Keywords: watersheds, climatic variability, spatial distribution.
COMPÓSITOS MADEIRA-PLÁSTICO MANUFATURADOS COM RESÍDUOS DE SERRARIA E EMBALAGENS DESCARTADAS DE POLIPROPILENO
Authors: Lima Daiane Cristina de , Melo Rafael Rodolfo , Santana Ricardo Robinson Campomanes , Botan Everton , Santana Ruth Marlene Campomanes , Stangerlin Diego Martins 
Published: July 2018

O objetivo do trabalho foi avaliar as propriedades físicas e mecânicas dos compósitos de madeira-plástico confeccionados com diferentes cargas de prensagem. Foi utilizada a serragem de cumaru e o plástico de polipropileno (PP) pós-consumo. A manufatura consistiu na proporção de 30% de serragem e 70% de PP, o colchão de partículas foi colocado na prensa hidráulica por 20 minutos a 180°C com aplicação de diferentes cargas (2, 5, 8, 11 e 14 toneladas). Os compósitos foram caracterizados por meio dos ensaios físicos (densidade, absorção de água e inchamento em espessura) e mecânicos (resistência à flexão estática, resistência ao impacto e dureza Rockwell). Nos ensaios físicos foi observado que aumentando a força de prensagem evidenciaram-se as melhores respostas. Já para os ensaios mecânicos, na flexão estática a força de prensagem aumentou a resistência do compósito. Entretanto para a dureza Rockwell e a resistencia ao impacto a variação da força não alterou a resistência dos compósitos de madeira-plástico.Palavra-chave: Dipteryx odorata, reaproveitamento, serragem, resinas plásticas, impacto ambiental. WOOD PLASTIC COMPOSITES MANUFACTURED WITH SAWMILL WASTE AND DISCARDED POLYPROPYLENE PACKAGING ABSTRACT:The objective was to evaluated the physical and mechanical properties of wood-plastic composite (WPC) made of different press forces. We used a cumaru sawdust and polypropylene(PP) plastic after consumption. The manufacture was the proportion of 30% sawdust and 70% PP, mattress particles was transferred to a hydraulic press for 20 minutes at 180°C with differents forces aplications (2, 5, 8, 11 and 14 Tons). The composites were characterized by physical tests of density, water absorption, thickness swelling and the mechanical bending strength, impact resistence and Rockwell hardness. For physical tests it was observed that increasing the force responses were best composites. As for the mechanical tests on the bending strength increased composite strength, but for the Rockwell hardness and impact energy strength variation did not alter the resistance of the wood-plastic composites.Keywords: Dipteryx odorata, reuse, sawdust, plastic resins, environmental impact.
ADUBAÇÃO NITROGENADA E INOCULAÇÃO COM Azospirillum brasilense EM CEVADA
Authors: Barzotto Gustavo Ribeiro , Lima Sebastião Ferreira , Santos Osvaldir Feliciano , Piati Gabriel Luiz , Wassolowski Carlos Roberto 
Published: July 2018

A cevada constitui uma importante cultura no Brasil devido, principalmente, a utilização de seu grão na produção de cervejas. O objetivo deste trabalho foi avaliar os efeitos da adubação nitrogenada e da inoculação com Azospirillum brasilense em cevada. O experimento foi instalado em campo, utilizando o delineamento em blocos casualizados em esquema fatorial, sendo quatro doses de nitrogênio (0, 40, 80 e 120 kg ha-1) na presença ou ausência de inoculação de sementes com A. brasilense e três repetições. Foram avaliadas características de crescimento e massa seca de planta, componentes de produção, teor de N e produtividade de grãos. A maior produtividade de grãos foi alcançada com 66 kg ha-1 de N, sem a aplicação da bactéria. Concluiu-se que o uso de A. brasilense aumenta a produtividade de grãos de cevada na ausência da adubação nitrogenada, mas não suplanta o ganho de produtividade apenas com o uso do N em doses superiores. A severidade de B. sorokidiana foi favorecida com a aplicação de A. brasilense nas maiores doses de N. A inoculação com A. brasilense é uma alternativa viável para aumentar a produtividade de grãos de cevada, caso se opte pelo cultivo sem fertilização mineral nitrogenada.Palavra-chave: Hordeum vulgare, bactérias diazotróficas, malte. NITROGEN FERTILIZATION AND INOCULATION WITH AZOSPIRILLUM BRASILENSE IN BARLEY ABSTRACT:The barley is an important crop in Brazil, mainly due to the use of its grain in the production of beers. The objective of this work was to evaluate the effects of nitrogen fertilization and inoculation with Azospirillum brasilense on barley. The experiment was carried out in the field, using a randomized block design in a factorial scheme, with four nitrogen doses (0, 40, 80 and 120 kg ha-1) in the presence or absence of seed inoculation with A. brasilense and three replications. Growth characteristics and dry mass of the plant, production components, N content and grain yield were evaluated. The highest grain yield was achieved with 66 kg ha-1 of N, without application of the bacteria. It was concluded that the use of A. brasilense increases the yield of barley grains in the absence of nitrogen fertilization, but does not supplant the productivity gain only with the use of N in higher doses. The B. sorokidiana severity was favored by the application of A. brasilense in the highest N doses. The inoculation with A. brasilense is a viable alternative to increase the yield of barley grains, in case of cultivation without nitrogen fertilization.Keywords: Hordeum vulgare, diazotrophic bacteria, malt.
MODIFICAÇÕES NO MEIO DE CULTURA, FOTOPERÍODO E TEMPO DE CULTIVO AFETAM O ALONGAMENTO E ENRAIZAMENTO IN VITRO DE BANANEIRA CV. PACOVAN
Authors: Pinheiro Marcos Vinícius Marques , De Carvalho Ana Cristina Portugal Pinto , Martins Fabrina Bolzan 
Published: July 2018

No intuito de elevar as taxas de sobrevivência durante a etapa de aclimatização e posterior plantio a campo, avaliou-se o enraizamento in vitro de bananeira cv. Pacovan, em diferentes concentrações de sais MS e de sacarose. Utilizou-se DIC, esquema fatorial (6x2x3), com seis meios de cultura [sendo três concentrações de nutrientes do meio MS (100%; 50% de macronutrientes; e 50% dos sais macro e micronutrientes), e duas concentrações de sacarose (1,5/3,0%)], dois fotoperíodos (12/16 h) e três tempos de cultivo (21, 28 ou 35 dias) e seis repetições/tratamento. Analisaram-se: altura da planta, número de folhas/planta, massas frescas e secas das partes aérea e radicular. Para altura da planta, massa fresca da parte aérea e radicular, o meio MS 50% dos sais + sacarose (1,5%) com fotoperíodo de 16 h e tempo de cultivo de 35 dias foi satisfatório. Para massa seca da parte aérea foi MS 50% de sais + sacarose (3%), e para massa seca da parte radicular, MS 100% + sacarose (3%) (em 12hs/28 dias e 16hs/21 dias). Para o alongamento/enraizamento in vitro da bananeira cv. Pacovan sugere-se MS 50% de sais (macro e micronutrientes), redução ou manutenção de sacarose (1,5 ou 3%) em 16h/35 dias de cultivo.Palavra-chave: Musa spp., propagação in vitro, sistema radicular. CHANGES IN CULTURE MEDIUM, PHOTOPERIOD AND TIME OF CULTIVATION AFFECT THE IN VITRO ELONGATION AND ROOTING OF BANANA CV. PACOVAN ABSTRACT:In order to achieve high rates of survival during the acclimatization and later planting in the field, was evaluated the in vitro of banana cv. Pacovan plants under different concentrations of sucrose and MS basal salt mixture. The experiment was assembled in a DIC, in 6x2x3, six different culture media [three different MS salt mixture concentrations (100%; 50% of macronutrients; and 50% of macro/micronutrients) and two sucrose concentrations (1.5/3%)], two photoperiods (12/16 hours) and three cultivation times (21, 28 or 35 days). Each treatment was composed by 6 replicates. Plant height, number of leaves/plant, fresh and dry weight of roots and shoots, were analyzed. Satisfactory results for plant height and shoot and root fresh biomass were observed in MS with macro/micronutrients (50%) + sucrose (3%), 16 hours/35 days. The highest values of shoot dry weight were observed in MS with macro/micronutrients (50%) + sucrose (3%); the highest root dry weight was achieved with MS 100% + sucrose (3%) (12hs/28 and 16hs/21 days). The suggested medium for the in vitro elongation and rooting stage of banana cv. Pacovan is the MS with 50% of salts (macro and micronutrients), reduction or maintenance of sucrose (1.5 or 3%) in 16h/35 days of cultivation.Keywords: Musa spp., in vitro propagation, root system.
PREVISÕES TECNOLÓGICAS NA MADEIRA DE QUATRO FOLHOSAS NEOTROPICAIS: UMA ANÁLISE SOB ENFOQUE ANATÔMICO
Authors: Baldin Talita , Talgatti Maiara , Marchiori José Newton Cardoso , Da Silveira Amanda Grassmann 
Published: July 2018

Baseando-se na descrição anatômica de três espécies de Calycophyllum, sendo elas Calycophyllum candidissimum, Calycophyllum multiflorum e Calycophyllum spruceanum e uma variedade Calycophyllum spruceanum f. brasiliensis, pretende-se inferir sobre o comportamento da madeira, e, ao mesmo tempo atribuir, ainda que empiricamente, um uso adequado ao material. As amostras analisadas são provenientes de diferentes instituições científicas, tais como o Jodrell Laboratory (Kew Gardens, Londres), o Instituto de Pesquisas Tecnológicas do Estado de São Paulo (IPT) e a Universidade alemã Black Forest Academy (BFA). Para a obtenção de lâminas histológicas e de macerado utilizou-se respectivamente, a técnica padrão e o método de Franklin modificado. As descrições anatômicas seguiram as recomendações do IAWA Committee. As espécies compartilham os seguintes caracteres: anéis de crescimento distintos; poros em arranjo radial e de paredes espessas; porosidade difusa; placas de perfuração simples; pontoações intervasculares pequenas, ornamentadas; parênquima axial ausente; raios heterocelulares; e fibras libriformes septadas, de comprimento médio, com paredes delgadas a espessas. É pressuposto que as características anatômicas do lenho das espécies investigadas, conferem à madeira uma alta massa específica, resistência a esforços mecânicos, alta contração volumétrica, permeabilidade e boa durabilidade natural.Palavra-chave: tecnologia da madeira, anatomia do lenho, Rubiaceae. TECHNOLOGICAL PREDICTIONS ON THE WOOD OF FOUR AMAZONIAN HARDWOOD: AN EVALUATION UNDER ANATOMIC APPROACH ABSTRACT:Based on the anatomic description of three species of Calycophyllum being them Calycophyllum candidissimum, Calycophyllum multiflorum and Calycophyllum spruceanum and one variety of Calycophyllum spruceanum f. brasiliensis, it is intended to infer the wood performance, and assign a proper use to the material, even though empirically. The studied samples come from different scientific institutions, such as Jodrell Laboratory (Kew Gardens, London), Institute for Technological Research (São Paulo, Brazil) and the Black Forest Academy (BFA), Germany. To obtain histological slides and from macerated, the standard technique and the modified Franklin method were used, respectively. The anatomic descriptions followed the IAWA Committee recommendations. The species have the followings characteristics in common: distinct growth rings; pores in radial arrangement and thick walls; diffuse porosity; simple perforation plates; pits small intervessel, ornamented; absent axial parenchyma; heterocell rays; and libriform chambered fiber, medium length, with thin and thick walls. It is assumed that the anatomical characteristics of the wood of the investigated species, confer the wood a high specific mass, resistance to mechanical stress, hight shrinkage, permeability and good natural durability.Keywords: wood technology, wood anatomy, Rubiaceae.