bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Softening Condition of Impression Compound for Border molding of Removable Dentures
Authors: Ueda Takayuki , Sakurai Kaoru , Koike Takashi , Takano Tomofumi , Kugimiya Yoshihiro 
Published: July 2019

ABSTRACT

Objectives
To prepare removable dentures, border molding using an impression compound has been employed for a long time to obtain a denture border morphology harmonized with perioral muscle movement. However, border molding using impression compound is performed following practitioner's empirical rule. The objective of this study is to clarify the optimum softening conditions of impression compound for border molding, for which we measured the pressure assumed to be loaded on impression compound during border molding.

Materials and methods
The pressure assumed to be loaded on an impression compound during border molding was measured using a tongue pressure-measuring device. Based on the measured pressure, appropriate softening conditions were investigated (softening temperature and water immersion time) for three types of impression compound: Red (Impression com- pound Red, Kerr, USA), green (Peri Compound, GC, Japan), and pink (Iso Compound, GC, Japan).

Results
The measured pressure was significantly different between those in the oral vestibule in the lower anterior tooth region during tugging the mouth corner, and in the gingivobuccal fold of the lower first molar during large mouth opening. Regarding the impression compound softening condition, red was deformed by all measured muscle pressures after immersion in 60°C water for 30 seconds and 65°C water for 20, 25, and 30 seconds. Green was deformed by all measured muscle pressures after immersion in 60°C water for 30 seconds, and 65°C water for 25 and 30 seconds. In contrast, pink was deformed by all measured muscle pressures after immersion in 55°C water for 25 and 30 seconds.

Conclusion
It was clarified that for border molding, muscle pressures of all regions during the functional movements can be registered using red and green softened by immersion in 60°C water for 30 seconds and pink softened by immersion for 20 seconds.

How to cite this article
Takano T, Kugimiya Y, Koike T, Ueda T, Sakurai K. Softening Condition of Impression Compound for Border molding of Removable Dentures. Int J Prosthodont Restor Dent 2016;6(2):37-42.
Conservative Approach for replacing missing Tooth using Glass Fiber-reinforced Composite
Authors: Raina Sadhana A , Khode Priyanka , Warhadpande Manjusha M 
Published: July 2019

ABSTRACT
The loss of anterior tooth can be hurtful to the patient both psychologically and socially. In adolescent patients, temporary replacement of teeth can minimize these concerns. Many approaches have been described for this temporary replacement. Adhesively luted, fiber-reinforced retained fixed partial denture (FPD) can be a clinical alternative for the replacement of missing anterior tooth in selective situations. This is an innovative alternative to conventional metal, ceramic restoration. It is especially useful for patients who cannot afford high cost of FPD and cannot devote much time (number of sittings) for the treatment. The main advantage of fiber-reinforced composite fixed prosthesis is conservative cutting of tooth. Structure and chairside fabrication of the bridge using acrylic tooth are less expensive for the patients. The purpose of this clinical study is to evaluate the clinical usefulness of the fiber-reinforced composite FPD. This report describes the clinical treatment of patients using fiber-reinforced composite.

How to cite this article
Raina SA, Khode P, Warhadpande MM. Conservative Approach for replacing missing Tooth using Glass Fiber-reinforced Composite. Int J Prosthodont Restor Dent 2016;6(2):47-49.
Comparison of Maximal Gingival Display during Different Facial Expressions and Evaluation of Golden Percentage in a Section of North Indian Population: An AutoCAD Analysis
Authors: Dhawan Pankaj , Qadri Mahak , Madhukar Pankaj , Tandan Piyush 
Published: July 2019

ABSTRACT

Aim
To compare the amount of maximal gingival display among four different facial expressions and evaluate the golden percentage in a section of North Indian population.

Materials and methods
Photographs of a total of 100 subjects of North Indian origin with age ranging from 18 to 25 years will be taken and then assessed using AutoCAD© software.

Results
Neither smile type (requested or Duchenne) revealed a significantly greater amount of gingival display above the maxillary central or lateral incisors, but the grimace of disgust and funnel-shaped expressions did. At the central and lateral incisors, the grimace of disgust and funnel-shaped expressions produced the greatest amounts of gingival display. At the maxillary canines and the first premolars, both smiles (requested and Duchenne) exhibited the largest amount of gingival display of the four facial expressions.

Conclusion
There exists a difference in gingival display among four different facial expressions over each tooth visible, and the golden percentage was found to be present in more than 99% of the subjects studied.

Clinical significance
This article considers gingival display as an important factor in rehabilitating esthetic smiles, and proposes the concept of the golden percentage as a more useful application in diagnosing and developing symmetry, dominance, and proportion for esthetically pleasing smiles.

How to cite this article
Qadri M, Dhawan P, Madhukar P, Tandan P. Comparison of Maximal Gingival Display during Different Facial Expressions and Evaluation of Golden Percentage in a Section of North Indian Population: An AutoCAD Analysis. Int J Prosthodont Restor Dent 2016;6(4):79-84.
Ki-67 Index in Salivary Gland Neoplasms
Authors: Kaza Suma , Rao T Jaya Mastan , Mikkilineni Anupama , Ratnam G Venkata , Rao D Ranga 
Published: July 2019

Abstract
Assessment of proliferation is a means of predicting local recurrence and metastatic potential of malignancies. A mitotic count is not an ideal marker for proliferation in certain situations, such as salivary gland neoplasms. Ki-67 expression as a proliferation marker has been investigated in many human tumors. In the present study, Mitotic index (MI) and Ki-67 index were studied in pleomorphic adenoma, basal cell adenoma, mucoepidermoid carcinoma, adenoid cystic carcinoma epithelial myoepithelial carcinoma, carcinoma ex Pleomorphic adenoma and adenocarcinoma of salivary glands. The results were compared.
The MI was similar in benign neoplasms, mucoepidermoid carcinoma and epithelial myoepithelial carcinoma, whereas it was high in carcinoma ex pleomorphic adenoma, adenocarcinoma and adenoid cystic carcinoma. The Ki-67 index was different in basal cell adenoma and pleomorphic adenoma. It was helpful in differentiating high grade and low grade mucoepidermoid carcinoma. It highlighted the malignant behavior of epithelial myoepithelial carcinoma.
It was concluded that Ki-67 in benign neoplasms is 5% or less and in malignant ones more than 23% with a few exceptions. In mucoepidermoid carcinoma and epithelial myoepithelial carcinoma, Ki-67 index was found to be a better indicator for aggressiveness. These findings will be presented in this paper, with review of literature.

How to cite this article
Kaza S, Rao TJM, Mikkilineni A, Ratnam GV, Rao DR. Ki-67 Index in Salivary Gland Neoplasms. Int J Phonosurg Laryngol 2016;6(1):1-7.
An in vitro Evaluation of Fracture Resistance of endodontically treated Teeth with Different Restorative Materials
Authors: Seal Mukut , Talukdar Pratim , Sangwan Babita , Rishi Rahul , Jain Kanav , Dutt Pranjali 
Published: July 2019

ABSTRACT

Aims
The aim of the present study is to compare and assess the fracture resistance of root canal treated teeth with different restorative materials.

Materials and methods
The present in vitro study was carried out on seventy-five freshly extracted, noncarious, single-canal human lower-first premolars with similar anatomic characteristics. Teeth were randomly assigned to five groups with 15 teeth being present in each group. Group I is control group (no alteration done), group II is restored with silver amalgam after endodontic therapy, group III is restored with posterior composite after endodontic therapy, group IV is restored with posterior glass ionomer cement (GIC) after endodontic therapy, and group V is restored with miracle mix after endodontic therapy. Universal testing machine was used to assess the fracture strength. Analysis of variance (ANOVA) test followed by Tukey's post hoc test were used to determine the significant difference between each group. A p-value of < 0.05 was considered as statistically significant.

Results
The mean fracture resistance of control group showed highest fracture resistance with a mean Newton of 1083.33 ± 136.78. Among the restorative material, the highest fracture resistance was shown by teeth restored by composite (845.46 ± 47.36), followed by silver amalgam (845.46 ± 47.36). There was statistically significant difference among all the restorative materials compared with the control group (p < 0.05). However, among the teeth restored with silver amalgam and miracle mix, there was no statistical significance (p > 0.05).

Conclusion
The present study concludes that composites are found to be having more fracture resistance followed by silver amalgam on endodontically treated premolar teeth.

Clinical significance
Restoring nonvital teeth represents a major challenge for clinicians as they are extensively damaged due to caries and endodontic access preparations. With various restorative materials in the market, it becomes difficult for the clinician to choose the better restorative material for postendodontic restoration.

How to cite this article
Sangwan B, Rishi R, Seal M, Jain K, Dutt P, Talukdar P. An in vitro Evaluation of Fracture Resistance of endodontically treated Teeth with Different Restorative Materials. J Contemp Dent Pract 2016;17(7):549-552.
Effect of Intracanal Cryotherapy and Negative Irrigation Technique on Postendodontic Pain
Authors: Al-Nahlawi Talal , Hatab Talaat Abo , Alrazak Mahmoud Abd , Al-Abdullah Ahmad 
Published: July 2019

ABSTRACTAimTo evaluate the effect of intracanal cryotherapy with negative pressure irrigation (EndoVac) on postendodontic pain after vital single-visit root canal treatment (RCT).Materials and methodsA total of 75 single-rooted teeth with single root canal were treated endodontically. After root canal preparation with Protaper Universal rotary system and irrigation, teeth were divided randomly into three groups (n = 25) according to additional irrigation protocol as follows: Group I: No additional irrigation was applied (control); group II: A 20 mL of room temperature saline was irrigated during 5 minutes using EndoVac, and group III: A 20 mL of 2 to 4°C cold saline was irrigated during 5 minutes using EndoVac. Pain levels were assessed by visual analog scale (VAS) and verbal evaluation of pain questionnaire after 6, 12, 24, 48 hours, and 7 days of canal obturation. The data were then analyzed using Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS) 13.0 using Kruskal–Wallis and Mann–Whitney U tests at p-value of 0.05.ResultsThe results showed that pain levels were high in groups I and II after 6 hours that decreased with time to almost diminish after 1 week, and on the other hand, group III showed no pain among different monitoring periods. Also pain levels in groups II were lower compared with group I after only 6 hours, with significance p < 0.05.ConclusionPostendodontic pain presented with highest values after 6 hours of treatment and reduced to almost nil after 1 week. Intracanal cryotherapy eliminated postendodontic pain clinically. Negative pressure reduced postendodontic pain after 6 hours of treatment.Clinical significanceThe outcome of this study indicates that the use of intracanal cryotherapy technique with negative pressure irrigation eliminates postendodontic pain after single-visit RCTs.How to cite this articleAl-Nahlawi T, Abo Hatab T, Abd Alrazak M, Al-Abdullah A. Effect of Intracanal Cryotherapy and Negative Irrigation Technique on Postendodontic Pain. J Contemp Dent Pract 2016;17(12):990-996.
Accuracy of Three Shade-matching Devices in Replicating the Shade of Metal Ceramic Restorations: An in vitro Study
Authors: Lakhanpal Shruti , Neelima Menon S 
Published: July 2019

ABSTRACT

Introduction
In restorative dentistry, the clinician commonly encounters the challenge of replicating the color of natural teeth due to the subjectivity of perceptual evaluation. Recent advances in photography and computing have resulted in the widespread use of the digital camera for color imaging. These instruments can be used effectively for shade matching and communication to yield predictable results.

Materials and methods
The study sample consisted of 20 freshly extracted noncarious premolars. The Commission Internationale de l'Eclairage (CIE) L*a*b* values of the tooth were obtained through a spectrophotometer, digital camera, and digital camera with a polarizer. Shade selection was carried out using VITA 3D Master and calculating the Euclidian distance. The fabricated metal ceramic crowns were then evaluated to check the shade replication by comparing the CIE L*a*b* values of the crowns with the reference shade tab images.

Results
The three-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) and comparative analysis using Bonferroni test reveals that the difference in the mean L*a* values between spectrophotometer and polarization dental imaging modality (PDIM) was insignificant. The difference in the mean L*a*b* of spectrophotometer and digital camera was statistically significant. The mean ΔE for metal ceramic crowns and shade tabs was 4.2 that was greater than the clinically acceptable level (3.2).

Conclusion
A statistically significant correlation was found to exist between the spectrophotometer and PDIM for all CIE L*, a*, and b* color coordinates.

Clinical significance
The present study was undertaken to assess the shade-matching ability of three shade-matching devices, such as spectrophotometer, digital camera, and PDIM, in the accuracy of replication of metal ceramic restorations.

How to cite this article
Lakhanpal S, Neelima MS. Accuracy of Three Shade-matching Devices in Replicating the Shade of Metal Ceramic Restorations: An in vitro Study. J Contemp Dent Pract 2016;17(12):1003-1008.
Effect of Audioanalgesia in 6- to 12-year-old Children during Dental Treatment Procedure
Authors: Ramar Kavitha , Hariharavel VP , Sinnaduri Gayathri , Sambath Gayathri , Zohni Fathima , Alagu Palani J 
Published: July 2019

ABSTRACT

Introduction
To evaluate the effect of audioanalgesia in 6- to 12-year-old children during dental treatment procedure.

Materials and methods
A total of 40 children were selected and divided into two groups, study group – with audioanalgesia and control group – without audioanalgesia. The value of their pain was evaluated using Venham's pain rating scale. Data were compared using one-sample t-test using Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS) (Inc.; Chicago, IL, USA), version 17.0.

Results
The difference in the control group and study group was statistically significant (p < 0.05).

Conclusion
The method of distraction using audioanalgesia instills better positive dental attitude in children and decreases their pain perception.

Clinical significance
Playing or hearing music during dental procedure significantly alters the perception of pain in 6- to 12-year-old children.

How to cite this article
Ramar K, Hariharavel VP, Sinnaduri G, Sambath G, Zohni F, Alagu PJ. Effect of Audioanalgesia in 6- to 12-year-old Children during Dental Treatment Procedure. J Contemp Dent Pract 2016;17(12):1013-1015.
Antibacterial Activity of Two Chemomechanical Caries Removal Gels on Carious Dentin of Primary Teeth: An in vitro Study
Authors: Khalil Hesham S , Gulzar Shabnam , Arora Ruchi , Shah Altaf H , Bhardwaj Bhupendra , Abusalim Ghadah , Wyne Amjad H 
Published: July 2019

ABSTRACT

Introduction
Chemomechanical caries removal (CMCR) is an effective method of caries removal especially for primary teeth as they cause less discomfort when compared with conventional caries removal. The most significant thing about caries removal is the elimination of cariogenic bacteria. This study compares the antibacterial activity of two CMCR gels.

Materials and methods
A total of 40 primary molar teeth with carious dentin were split along the long axis in a laboratory. Total viable count (TVC) was taken for the teeth before splitting as a measure of colony-forming units per milliliter (CFU/mL). Each half was treated with either Carisolv or Carie-Care CMCR gels. Clean dentin samples were evaluated for Streptococcus mutans (SM) and Lactobacillus acidophilus (LB) after removal of carious tissue using the caries removal gels using serial dilutions and incubating on specific agar plates.

Results
The results showed significant reduction in mean TVC after use of both the CMCR gels. Both gels reduced the CFU/mL of SM and LB to a significant level (p < 0.05). However, there was no significant difference between the antibacterial activities of the two CMCR gels.

Conclusion
The CMCR gels (Carisolv and Carie-Care) significantly reduced the residual TVC as well as SM and LB in carious primary dentin. Both CMCR gels had a similar antibacterial activity on the carious dentin of primary teeth.

Clinical significance
The CMCR gels tested have a significant antibacterial activity and can be effectively used for elimination of caries-causing bacteria in primary teeth.

How to cite this article
Gulzar S, Arora R, Shah AH, Bhardwaj B, Abusalim G, Khalil HS, Wyne AH. Antibacterial Activity of Two Chemomechanical Caries Removal Gels on Carious Dentin of Primary Teeth: An in vitro Study. J Contemp Dent Pract 2016;17(12):1027-1032.
New Single-bottle Ceramic Primer: 6-month Case Report and Laboratory Performance
Authors: Siqueira Fabiana SF , Alessi Rodrigo S , Cardenas Andres FM , Kose Carlos , Pinto Shelon C Souza , Loguercio Alessandro D , Gomes João C 
Published: July 2019

ABSTRACT

Introduction
This article presents a 6-month case report and an in vitro evaluation of the performance of the new self-etching glass-ceramic monobond etch and prime (MEP) when applied in a lithium disilicate (LD). The MEP contains in the same bottle, along with acid conditioner and silanes. This simplifies the bonding procedures by reducing not only the number of steps, but also the working time. A 42-year-old female patient sought for esthetic treatment, and the main complaint was the darkened appearance of the upper lateral incisor. The esthetic treatment includes dental bleaching and gingivectomy, all-ceramic zirconia crowns, and all-ceramic crown and laminate veneer LD. After 6 months of esthetic treatment, marginal staining, gap, or chip fracturing damaging margins after sharp explorer in the margins was not observed. Furthermore, the inferior etching pattern of MEP was compared with traditional hydrofluoric acid (HF) conditioning. The microshear bond strength to the intaglio surface of LD was statistically similar when HF was compared with MEP. This new self-etching glass-ceramic showed good in vitro and 6 months clinical results in this case report. Future long-term clinical studies with more clinical case need to be done to confirm the performance of the use of this new conditioner.

Clinical significance
The use of a new self-etching glassceramic showed a good in vitro and 6 months clinical results. This new product can be an easy, simple, and alternative approach for esthetics bonding procedure.

How to cite this article
Siqueira FSF, Alessi RS, Cardenas AFM, Kose C, Souza Pinto SC, Bandeca MC, Loguercio AD, Gomes JC. New Single-bottle Ceramic Primer: 6-month Case Report and Laboratory Performance. J Contemp Dent Pract 2016; 17(12):1033-1039.
Flute and Shank Dimensions of Reciprocating Instruments before and after Simulated Root Canal shaping
Authors: Estrela Carlos , Sampaio Felipe C , Brito Ana PP , Veloso Heloisa HP , de Alencar Ana HG , de A Decurcio Daniel , de Figueiredo José AP 
Published: July 2019

ABSTRACTAimThis study analyzed the effect of the dimensions of the flute and shank in the first 4 mm of instrument tips on the deformation and dimensional changes of reciprocating instruments after root canal shaping (RCS).Materials and methodsThe reciprocating instruments used were Reciproc®R25, R40, and R50; WaveOne®Small, Primary, and Large; and Unicone®#20, #25, and #40. Scanning electron microscopy images of the first 4 mm of the tip were acquired at 30× magnification before and after simulated curved root canals were shaped. Each instrument was used only once. The images were transferred to the AxioVision®software to measure the flute area (µm2, shank area (µm2), flute length (µm), and crosssectional diameter (µm). Student's t test for paired samples was used to compare differences before and after RCS, and analysis of variance followed by the Tukey test, to compare differences between instruments of similar sizes. The instruments were classified according to deformations after RCS.ResultsReciproc®instruments had larger flutes and smaller shanks. The Reciproc®R40 had significant differences in crosssectional diameter at 0.5 mm from the tip. Reciproc®had no plastic deformations. Unicone®#20 instruments had significant differences in cross-sectional diameter at 1.5 and 3.0 mm from the tip, and #25 instruments had differences at 1.5 and 3.0 mm and in length of the second and third flutes. One #20 and three #40 instruments had plastic deformations. The differences in length of the first and fourth flutes of WaveOne®Primary and in cross-sectional diameter at 2.0 mm from the tip of WaveOne®Large were significant. Two of three WaveOne®Large instruments had plastic deformations.ConclusionReciproc®instruments had greater flute areas and lengths and smaller shanks than Unicone®and WaveOne®instruments of similar sizes. Reciproc®instruments had a greater flute-to-shank ratio. WaveOne®instruments had the lowest flute-to-shank ratio. Unicone®instruments had the most plastic deformations. Instruments with larger flutes and smaller shanks had fewer plastic deformations after curved RCS.Clinical significanceThe knowledge of mechanical behavior before choosing the endodontic instrument may avoid fracture, regardless of the clinical condition, and it is essential to the success of root canal treatment.How to cite this articleSampaio FC, Brito APP, Veloso HHP, Alencar AHG, Decurcio DA, Figueiredo JAP, Estrela C. Flute and Shank Dimensions of Reciprocating Instruments before and after Simulated Root Canal shaping. J Contemp Dent Pract 2017;18(3):198-204.