bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Déplacements domicile-travail : état des lieux et perspectives d’action pour les entreprises
Authors: Ermans Thomas , Brandeleer Céline , Hubert Michel , Lebrun Kevin , Sieux Florentine 
Published: July 2018

Les déplacements domicile-travail structurent le quotidien des nombreux travailleurs actifs en Belgique. Comment s’organise cette mobilité et quels sont les facteurs qui participent au choix modal des travailleurs ? Quels sont les leviers qui permettent d’influer sur ce choix et quel est, en particulier, le rôle de l’entreprise en la matière ? L’objectif de cette note de synthèse est de faire un état des lieux actualisé de ces questions complexes et s’articule en trois parties : le contexte de ces déplacements, les évolutions des comportements de mobilité et leurs déterminants, ainsi que les leviers d’actions pour évoluer vers une mobilité plus durable. Cette note est également l’occasion de montrer que les déplacements domicile-travail ne se résument pas uniquement à une question de transport, mais sont aussi fonction des parcours résidentiels des personnes et de l’aménagement du territoire. Ce dernier pâtit du morcellement institutionnel belge, appelant à davantage de cohérences et de concertations entre acteurs. Malgré ce contexte, la marge de manœuvre des entreprises est loin d’être négligeable, ce que cette note illustre à travers trois domaines d’action : l’organisation du travail, la gestion de la mobilité des travailleurs et l’accessibilité.
Revised Self-Report Assessment of Functional Visual Performance (R–SRAFVP)—Part II: Construct Validation
Authors: Snow Marlene , Warren Mary , Yuen Hon K. 
Published: July 2018

Abstract
OBJECTIVE. Our objective was to validate the construct of the Revised Self-Report Assessment of Functional Visual Performance (R–SRAFVP) for older adults with low vision resulting from age-related eye disease.
METHOD. The 50-item draft of the R–SRAFVP was administered to 87 older adults with low vision. Construct validation included principal-components analysis and the known-groups method.
RESULTS. Principal-components analysis revealed nine components (comprising 33 items): Personal Care, Oral Care, Meal/Laundry Preparation, Financial Management, Telephone Usage, Personal Preference Activities, Reading, Writing, and Functional Mobility. Cronbach’s α ranged from .72 to .84 for individual components and was .92 overall. Known-groups comparisons showed that participants with moderate to profound acuity loss or contrast sensitivity deficits reported significantly greater difficulty completing tasks on the R–SRAFVP than those with milder acuity loss or normal contrast sensitivity.
CONCLUSION. The 33-item R–SRAFVP demonstrates adequate evidence of reliability and validity to evaluate the ability of older adults with low vision to complete vision-dependent activities of daily living.
Idealization and the Agents of Change
Authors: Boucher David 
Published: July 2018

Abstract
Lawrence Hamilton's Are South Africans Free and Freedom Is Power address the question of the relationship between political practice and political theory. The former does so explicitly, and the latter less directly, in relation to twenty years of South African liberation from apartheid. This article begins by reconceptualizing Hamilton's problem and solution in terms of the gulf that exists between the space of experience and the horizon of expectation. It then suggests that the author engages in “idealization” rather than “abstraction,” in Onora O'Neill's sense of the terms, by privileging and distorting aspects of Machiavelli, and dismissing rights and common-good-based arguments in the justification of social change. My contention is that Hamilton's argument relies on a conception of the common good which requires a theory of rights to sustain it. Finally, the argument does not identify the agents of change, nor acknowledge the difficulty of reshaping institutions de novo.
Freedom in the Decolonizing Republic
Authors: Hamilton Lawrence 
Published: July 2018

Abstract
In this article I show how and why Freedom Is Power (FIP) is a work concerned with the decolonizing context of South Africa and the Global South, and what follows from this. I argue that the ongoing process of decolonization, that is, real liberation and empowerment, requires a realist view of freedom as power through representation. I focus on the idea of the republic and democratic institutions; and the question of how to bring about national and global political change. I thereby clarify what is distinct about and necessary for the decolonizing democratic republic and highlight why FIP is both an act of resistance and reconstruction.
A Construção do 20 de Novembro: identidade Negra e afirmação na cidade de todas as gentes
Authors: Barbosa Marco Aurélio 
Published: July 2018

O seguinte artigo intitulado, “A Construção do 20 de Novembro: identidade Negra e afirmação na cidade de todas as gentes”, centrar-se no debate que envolve a “negociação” em torno da construção do feriado do Dia da Consciência Negra em Curitiba. Desta feita, o trabalho tem como foco os debates ocorridos na Câmara Municipal de Curitiba, agentes ligados a interesses econômicos da cidade, notadamente, a Associação Comercial do Paraná (ACP) e Sindicato da Construção Civil do Paraná (SINDUSCOM-Pr) e os representantes do Movimento Negro em torno da questão. A abordagem leva tem em conta a altercação resultante da interdição do feriado, a ser comemorado pela primeira vez no ano de 2013. Interdição esta provocada pela ACP e SINDUSCOM-Pr, por medida judicial que levou a suspensão da comemoração, gerando revolta por parte do Movimento Negro e representantes da Câmara Municipal de Curitiba. Deste modo, o trabalho procura analisar de modo empírico os debates em torno desta questão, tendo em perspectiva os fatos anteriores ao eventos ocorridos em 2013 e seus desdobramentos até o ano de 2017, quando a disputa pelo feriado passa a ser discutida na Assembleia Legislativa do Paraná (ALEP). Cabe perguntar se houve alguma mudança em relação ao quadro apresentado em 2013? Se sim, quais? O que de fato está em disputa, quando leva em questão os interesses dos grupos envolvidos? Quais estratégias de afirmação adotadas pelo Movimento Negro na tentativa de se afirmar perante os outros grupos e deste modo conseguir a implementação do feriado?
ESTRUTURAS DE PARENTENSCO DOS MINISTROS DO TRIBUNAL DE CONTAS DA UNIÃO (TCU)
Authors: Pereira Fernando Marcelino 
Published: July 2018

Esta pesquisa compreende uma análise prosopográfica dos nove atuais ministros do Tribunal de Contas da União (TCU). O propósito desta prosopografia é dar sentido à ação política dos Ministros do TCU e compreender a “força coesiva do grupo” pelas opções, relações, posicionamento, filiações econômicas e políticas dos seus membros. Ao traçar uma radiografia deste grupo social, por meio de sua biografia coletiva e da construção de seu perfil, será possível encontrar as raízes sociais de suas ações. O universo estudado se refere aos ministros titulares em 2017.
Akceptace právní osobnosti v případě umělé inteligence
Authors: Zibner Jan 
Published: July 2018

Umělá inteligence je fenoménem prosazujícím se postupně čím dál více v právních vztazích. Ve většinovém chápání je umělá inteligence softwarem s nejrůznějšími schopnostmi, tedy objektem právního vztahu. Sílí však debaty nad tím, zda by umělá inteligence nemohla být subjektem právního vztahu. Poukazuje se na to, že umělá inteligence je schopna autonomně tvořit, učit se, řídit vozidla, ale je též je schopna získat trvalé bydliště, státní občanství, a dokonce sama sebe reprodukovat. Nicméně k tomu, aby umělá inteligence mohla být subjektem právního vztahu, je třeba jí přiznat právní osobnost jako základní právní status. Jen tak může být obdobně jako právnická osoba coby autonomní výtvor práva pasivním nositelem práv a může se s ní operovat v dalších fázích zkoumání při přiznávání autorství či trestní odpovědnosti.Příspěvek si proto klade za cíl analyzovat podmínky přiznání právní osobnosti umělé inteligenci včetně důsledků z toho plynoucích. V úvodu příspěvku autor vymezí dosavadní vývoj na poli tvůrčí umělé inteligence s důrazem na kritickou revizi jejího místa na poli subjektu právního vztahu. Ve druhé části se autor zaměří na analytický rozbor samotného institutu právní osobnosti, jejího historického opodstatnění, podob, včetně nutných aplikačních kritérií pro její přiznání fyzickým a právnickým osobám. Třetí část příspěvku bude věnována relevantní a stěžejní tuzemské a zahraniční judikatuře na téma právní osobnosti, na což naváže část čtvrtá v podobě úvahy nad použitím případných alternativních modelů v případě umělé inteligence, jako je elektronická osoba, svěřenský fond apod. V závěru bude prostor věnován následkům plynoucím z přiznání právní osobnosti umělé inteligenci se zaměřením na aplikovatelnost předchozích závěrů.
A Controlled Carburization Process to Obtain Graphene–Fe3C–Fe Composites
Authors: You Yi , Yoshimura Masamichi , Cholake Sagar , Lee Gwan‐Hyoung , Sahajwalla Veena , Joshi Rakesh 
Published: July 2018

AbstractSignificant progresses have been made toward the understanding of graphene growth on metal substrates via chemical vapor deposition method. Cu and Ni are the most studied catalysts for producing high‐quality graphene. Among the transitional metal group, Fe also has the potential as a substrate for growth of graphene. However, the complexity of phase transformation in Fe and the thermodynamically preferable formation of iron carbide at the ambient temperature limit extensive use of Fe for graphene growth. Herein, the concurrent formation of graphene and Fe3C by optimizing the growth time and cooling rate in graphene growth on Fe substrate is reported. Also, the influence of Fe phases (ferrite and austenite) on the graphene growth is studied. Graphene grain growth on Fe substrate is observed via ultrahigh temperature confocal microscope. The in situ observation confirms that graphene grains are grown around the Fe grain boundaries during the cooling process. The systematic study provides a profound insight into graphene growth on Fe substrate and thus paves a way toward development of graphene‐based steel products for various applications.
Direct Growth of 5 in. Uniform Hexagonal Boron Nitride on Glass for High‐Performance Deep‐Ultraviolet Light‐Emitting Diodes
Authors: Li Qiucheng , Wu Qingqing , Gao Jing , Wei Tongbo , Sun Jingyu , Hong Hao , Dou Zhipeng , Zhang Zhepeng , Rümmeli Mark H. , Gao Peng , Yan Jianchang , Wang Junxi , Li Jinmin , Zhang Yanfeng , Liu Zhongfan 
Published: July 2018

AbstractThe direct coating of 2D hexagonal boron nitride (h‐BN) on insulating solid glass will endow glass with advanced properties, thus offering killer applications of the new type hybrid of h‐BN glass. However, daunting challenges still remain regarding the direct growth methodology of h‐BN on glass. Herein, a catalyst‐free chemical vapor deposition route for the direct synthesis of 5 in. uniform h‐BN thin films on functional quartz and sapphire glass is developed. The optical transparency, surface wetting, and thermal conductivity of glass are readily tailored by varying the deposited h‐BN thicknesses from monolayer to over 20 layers. Encouragingly, the as‐obtained h‐BN/sapphire glass can serve as a stress‐releasing substrate for the van‐der‐Waals epitaxial growth of AlN functional layers, as well as a thermal conductive template for constructing high‐performance deep‐ultraviolet light‐emitting diodes. This work hereby provides a brand new direction for the application of h‐BN glass in next‐generation solid‐state lighting devices.
Optical Energy Losses in Organic–Inorganic Hybrid Perovskite Light‐Emitting Diodes
Authors: Shi Xiao‐Bo , Liu Yuan , Yuan Zhongcheng , Liu Xiao‐Ke , Miao Yanfeng , Wang Jianpu , Lenk Simone , Reineke Sebastian , Gao Feng 
Published: July 2018

AbstractLight‐emitting diodes (LEDs) based on organic–inorganic hybrid perovskites, in particular, 3D and quasi‐2D ones, are in the fast development and their external quantum efficiencies (EQEs) have exceeded 10%, making them competitive candidates toward large‐area and low‐cost light‐emitting applications allowing printing techniques. Similar to other LED categories, light out‐coupling efficiency is an important parameter determining the EQE of perovskite LEDs (PeLEDs), which, however, is scarcely studied, limiting further efficiency improvement and understanding of PeLEDs. In this work, for the first time, optical energy losses in PeLEDs are investigated through systematic optical simulations, which reveal that the 3D and quasi‐2D PeLEDs can achieve theoretically maximum EQEs of ≈25% and ≈20%, respectively, in spite of their high refractive indices. These results are consistent with the reported experimental data. This work presents primary understanding of the optical energy losses in PeLEDs and will spur new developments in the aspects of device engineering and light extraction techniques to boost the EQEs of PeLEDs.
Ultrafine Pt Nanoparticle‐Decorated Pyrite‐Type CoS2Nanosheet Arrays Coated on Carbon Cloth as a Bifunctional Electrode for Overall Water Splitting
Authors: Han Xiaopeng , Wu Xiaoyu , Deng Yida , Liu Jian , Lu Jun , Zhong Cheng , Hu Wenbin 
Published: July 2018

AbstractTo improve the utilization efficiency of precious metals, metal‐supported materials provide a direction for fabricating highly active and stable heterogeneous catalysts. Herein, carbon cloth (CC)‐supported Earth‐abundant CoS2nanosheet arrays (CoS2/CC) are presented as ideal substrates for ultrafine Pt deposition (Pt‐CoS2/CC) to achieve remarkable performance toward the hydrogen and oxygen evolution reactions (HER/OER) in alkaline solutions. Notably, the Pt‐CoS2/CC hybrid delivers an overpotential of 24 mV at 10 mA cm−2and a mass activity of 3.89 A Ptmg−1, which is 4.7 times higher than that of commercial Pt/C, at an overpotential of 130 mV for catalyzing the HER. An alkali‐electrolyzer using Pt‐CoS2/CC as a bifunctional electrode enables a water‐splitting current density of 10 mA cm−2at a low voltage of 1.55 V and can sustain for more than 20 h, which is superior to that of the state‐of‐the‐art Pt/C+RuO2catalyst. Further experimental and theoretical simulation studies demonstrate that strong electronic interaction between Pt and CoS2synergistically optimize hydrogen adsorption/desorption behaviors and facilitate the in situ generation of OER active species, enhancing the overall water‐splitting performance. This work highlights the regulation of interfacial and electronic synergy in pursuit of highly efficient and durable supported catalysts for hydrogen and oxygen electrocatalytic applications.
A Hybrid Electrolytes Design for Capacity‐Equivalent Dual‐Graphite Battery with Superior Long‐Term Cycle Life
Authors: Qiao Yu , Jiang Kezhu , Li Xiang , Deng Han , He Yibo , Chang Zhi , Wu Shichao , Guo Shaohua , Zhou Haoshen 
Published: July 2018

AbstractBased on cation/anion graphite intercalation chemistry (GIC) processes, dual‐graphite batteries promise to be an energy storage device of high safety and low cost. However, few single electrolyte systems can simultaneously meet the requirements of both high oxidative stability during high voltage anion‐GIC on cathode and high reversibility upon cation‐GIC on anode. Thus, in order to rigidly remedy the irreversible capacity loss, excessive electrode materials need to be fabricated within full cell, resulting in an imbalance toward capacity‐dependent mass loading proportion between both electrodes. This work introduces a hybrid (dual‐organic) electrolytes design strategy into this promising technology. Segregated by a Nafion‐based separator, an ionic liquid electrolyte within the cathodic side can endure high operation potentials, while high Li‐GIC reversibility can be achieved in a superconcentrated ether‐based electrolyte on the anode side. On a mechanistic level, various cation‐GIC processes conducted in different electrolyte systems are clearly revealed and are summarized based on systematical characterizations. More importantly, after synergistically tuning the advantage and drawback of each electrolyte in this hybrid system, the dual‐graphite full cell assembled with capacity‐equivalent graphite‐based electrodes (1:1 mass loading) demonstrates superior long‐term cycling stability with ultrahigh capacity retention for over 3000 cycles.
Scalable Triple Cation Mixed Halide Perovskite–BiVO4 Tandems for Bias‐Free Water Splitting
Authors: Andrei Virgil , Hoye Robert L. Z. , Crespo‐Quesada Micaela , Bajada Mark , Ahmad Shahab , De Volder Michael , Friend Richard , Reisner Erwin 
Published: July 2018

AbstractStrong interest exists in the development of organic–inorganic lead halide perovskite photovoltaics and of photoelectrochemical (PEC) tandem absorber systems for solar fuel production. However, their scalability and durability have long been limiting factors. In this work, it is revealed how both fields can be seamlessly merged together, to obtain scalable, bias‐free solar water splitting tandem devices. For this purpose, state‐of‐the‐art cesium formamidinium methylammonium (CsFAMA) triple cation mixed halide perovskite photovoltaic cells with a nickel oxide (NiOx) hole transport layer are employed to produce Field's metal‐epoxy encapsulated photocathodes. Their stability (up to 7 h), photocurrent density (–12.1 ± 0.3 mA cm−2 at 0 V versus reversible hydrogen electrode, RHE), and reproducibility enable a matching combination with robust BiVO4 photoanodes, resulting in 0.25 cm2 PEC tandems with an excellent stability of up to 20 h and a bias‐free solar‐to‐hydrogen efficiency of 0.35 ± 0.14%. The high reliability of the fabrication procedures allows scaling of the devices up to 10 cm2, with a slight decrease in bias‐free photocurrent density from 0.39 ± 0.15 to 0.23 ± 0.10 mA cm−2 due to an increasing series resistance. To characterize these devices, a versatile 3D‐printed PEC cell is also developed.
Metal‐ and Base‐Free Direct N‐Arylation of Pyridazinones by Using Diaryliodonium Salts: An Anion Effect
Authors: Xu Bowen , Han Jianwei , Wang Limin 
Published: July 2018

AbstractAn efficient N‐arylation of pyridazinones with diaryliodonium salts has been developed without using base or metal catalysts. The reaction tolerated a variety of both diaryliodonium salts and pyridazinone derivatives with diverse functional groups. Furthermore, a drug candidate for treatment of neuropathic pain was synthesized with this procedure in good yield.
Correlated, Dual‐Beam Optical Gating in Coupled Organic–Inorganic Nanostructures
Authors: Wurst Kai M. , Bender Markus , Lauth Jannika , Maiti Sonam , Chassé Thomas , Meixner Alfred , Siebbeles Laurens D. A. , Bunz Uwe H. F. , Braun Kai , Scheele Marcus 
Published: July 2018

AbstractAn optical switch with two distinct resonances is formed by combining PbS nanocrystals and the conductive polymer poly[sodium 2‐(2‐ethynyl‐4‐methoxyphenoxy)acetate] (PAE) into a hybrid thin film. Infrared excitation of the nanocrystals invokes charge transfer and consecutive polaron formation in the PAE, which activates the switch for excited‐state absorption at visible frequencies. The optical modulation of the photocurrent response of the switch exhibits highly wavelength‐selective ON/OFF ratios. Transient absorption spectroscopy shows that the polaron formation is correlated with the excited state of the nanocrystals, opening up new perspectives for photonic data processing. Such correlated activated absorption can be exploited to enhance the sensitivity for one optical signal by a second light source of different frequency as part of an optical amplifier or a device with AND logic.
Hydrophobic‐Force‐Driven Removal of Organic Compounds from Water by Reduced Graphene Oxides Generated in Agarose Hydrogels
Authors: Cheng Chongling , Cai Yongqing , Guan Guijian , Yeo Leslie , Wang Dayang 
Published: July 2018

AbstractHydrophobic reduced graphene oxides (rGOs) were generated in agarose hydrogel beads (AgarBs) by NaBH4 reduction of graphene oxides (GOs) initially loaded in the AgarBs. The resulting rGO‐loaded AgarBs were able to effectively adsorb organic compounds in water as a result of the attractive hydrophobic force between the rGOs in the AgarBs and the organic compounds dissolved in aqueous media. The adsorption capacity of the rGOs was fairly high even toward reasonably water‐soluble organic compounds such as rhodamine B (321.7 mg g−1) and aspirin (196.4 mg g−1). Yet they exhibited salinity‐enhanced adsorption capacity and preferential adsorption of organic compounds with lower solubility in water. Such peculiar adsorption behavior highlights the exciting possibility for adopting an adsorption strategy, driven by hydrophobic forces, in practical wastewater treatment processes.
Molecular Ruby under Pressure
Authors: Otto Sven , Harris Joe P. , Heinze Katja , Reber Christian 
Published: July 2018

AbstractThe intensely luminescent chromium(III) complexes [Cr(ddpd)2]3+ and [Cr(H2tpda)2]3+ show surprising pressure‐induced red shifts of up to −15 cm−1 kbar−1 for their sharp spin‐flip emission bands (ddpd=N,N′‐dimethyl‐N,N′‐dipyridine‐2‐yl‐pyridine‐2,6‐diamine; H2tpda=2,6‐bis(2‐pyridylamino)pyridine). These shifts surpass that of the established standard, ruby Al2O3:Cr3+, by a factor of 20. Beyond the common application in the crystalline state, the very high quantum yield of [Cr(ddpd)2]3+ enables optical pressure sensing in aqueous and methanolic solution. These unique features of the molecular rubies [Cr(ddpd)2]3+ and [Cr(H2tpda)2]3+ pave the way for highly sensitive optical pressure determination and unprecedented molecule‐based pressure sensing with a single type of emitter.
Selective Inhibition of Lysine‐Specific Demethylase 5A (KDM5A) Using a Rhodium(III) Complex for Triple‐Negative Breast Cancer Therapy
Authors: Yang Guan‐Jun , Wang Wanhe , Mok Simon Wing Fai , Wu Chun , Law Betty Yuen Kwan , Miao Xiang‐Min , Wu Ke‐Jia , Zhong Hai‐Jing , Wong Chun‐Yuen , Wong Vincent Kam Wai , Ma Dik‐Lung , Leung Chung‐Hang 
Published: July 2018

AbstractLysine‐specific demethylase 5A (KDM5A) has recently become a promising target for epigenetic therapy. In this study, we designed and synthesized metal complexes bearing ligands with reported demethylase and p27 modulating activities. The Rh(III) complex 1 was identified as a direct, selective and potent inhibitor of KDM5A that directly abrogate KDM5A demethylase activity via antagonizing the KDM5A‐tri‐/di‐methylated histone 3 protein–protein interaction (PPI) in vitro and in cellulo. Complex 1 induced accumulation of H3K4me3 and H3K4me2 levels in cells, causing growth arrest at G1 phase in the triple‐negative breast cancer (TNBC) cell lines, MDA‐MB‐231 and 4T1. Finally, 1 exhibited potent anti‐tumor activity against TNBC xenografts in an in vivo mouse model, presumably via targeting of KDM5A and hence upregulating p27. Moreover, complex 1 was less toxic compared with two clinical drugs, cisplatin and doxorubicin. To our knowledge, complex 1 is the first metal‐based KDM5A inhibitor reported in the literature. We anticipate that complex 1 may be used as a novel scaffold for the further development of more potent epigenetic agents against cancers, including TNBC.