bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Prostheses satisfaction and diet of elderly wearing a single implant overdenture: A six‐month assessment
Authors: Carletti Talita Malini , Pinheiro Mayara Abreu , Meira Ingrid Andrade , Amaral Camilla Fraga , Rodrigues Garcia Renata Cunha Matheus 
Published: August 2019

AbstractAimsTo compare prosthesis satisfaction and nutritional intake of edentulous elderly people wearing a conventional complete denture (CD) with those wearing a single implant mandibular overdenture (SIO) after 6 months of use.Methods and resultsCompletely edentulous elderly patients (n = 22) were divided between a group rehabilitated with CDs in both dental arches and a group receiving a mandibular SIO with a conventional CD in the upper arch (n = 11/group). Patients completed a visual analog scale for degree of satisfaction with their prostheses in seven categories. Nutritional intake of patients (based on patient diaries) was evaluated over a 3‐day period. SIO wearers were more satisfied with their prostheses than were CD wearers. Six months after rehabilitation, the SIO group consumed foods higher in vitamins B2 and B6, whereas the CD group consumed more sodium.ConclusionSIO wearers are more satisfied with their prosthesis and consume greater amounts of vitamin B2 and vitamin B6 in their diets than CD wearers. Brazilian Registry of Clinical Trials (#RBR‐3kgttj and #RBR‐37gdst).
Both male and female gametogenesis require a fully functional protein S‐acyl transferase 21 in Arabidopsis thaliana
Authors: Li Yaxiao , Li Hong‐Ju , Morgan Chris , Bomblies Kirsten , Yang Weicai , Qi Baoxiu 
Published: August 2019

SummaryS‐Acylation is a reversible post‐translational lipid modification in which a long chain fatty acid covalently attaches to specific cysteine(s) of proteins via a thioester bond. It enhances the hydrophobicity of proteins, contributes to their membrane association and plays roles in protein trafficking, stability and signalling. A family of Protein S‐Acyl Transferases (PATs) is responsible for this reaction. PATs are multi‐pass transmembrane proteins that possess a catalytic Asp−His−His−Cys cysteine‐rich domain (DHHC‐CRD). In Arabidopsis, there are currently 24 such PATs, five having been characterized, revealing their important roles in growth, development, senescence and stress responses. Here, we report the functional characterization of another PAT, AtPAT21, demonstrating the roles it plays in Arabidopsis sexual reproduction. Loss‐of‐function mutation by T‐DNA insertion in AtPAT21 results in the complete failure of seed production. Detailed studies revealed that the sterility of the mutant is caused by defects in both male and female sporogenesis and gametogenesis. To determine if the sterility observed in atpat21‐1 was caused by upstream defects in meiosis, we assessed meiotic progression in pollen mother cells and found massive chromosome fragmentation and the absence of synapsis in the initial stages of meiosis. Interestingly, the fragmentation phenotype was substantially reduced in atpat21‐1 spo11‐1 double mutants, indicating that AtPAT21 is required for repair, but not for the formation, of SPO11‐induced meiotic DNA double‐stranded breaks (DSBs) in Arabidopsis. Our data highlight the importance of protein S‐acylation in the early meiotic stages that lead to the development of male and female sporophytic reproductive structures and associated gametophytes in Arabidopsis.
Inference of the gene regulatory network acting downstream of CROWN ROOTLESS 1 in rice reveals a regulatory cascade linking genes involved in auxin signaling, crown root initiation, and root meristem specification and maintenance
Authors: Lavarenne Jérémy , Gonin Mathieu , Guyomarc'h Soazig , Rouster Jacques , Champion Antony , Sallaud Christophe , Laplaze Laurent , Gantet Pascal , Lucas Mikaël 
Published: August 2019

SummaryCrown roots (CRs) are essential components of the rice root system. Several genes involved in CR initiation or development have been identified but our knowledge about how they organize to form a gene regulatory network (GRN) is still limited. To characterize the regulatory cascades acting during CR formation, we used a systems biology approach to infer the GRN controlling CR formation downstream of CROWN ROOTLESS 1 (CRL1), coding for an ASL (asymmetric leaves‐2‐like)/LBD (LOB domain) transcription factor necessary for CR initiation. A time‐series transcriptomic dataset was generated after synchronized induction of CR formation by dexamethasone‐mediated expression of CRL1 expression in a crl1 mutant background. This time series revealed three different genome expression phases during the early steps of CR formation and was further exploited to infer a GRN using a dedicated algorithm. The predicted GRN was confronted with experimental data and 72% of the inferred links were validated. Interestingly, this network revealed a regulatory cascade linking CRL1 to other genes involved in CR initiation, root meristem specification and maintenance, such as QUIESCENT‐CENTER-SPECIFIC HOMEOBOX, and in auxin signalling. This predicted regulatory cascade was validated in vivo using transient activation assays. Thus, the CRL1‐dependant GRN reflects major gene regulation events at play during CR formation and constitutes a valuable source of discovery to better understand this developmental process.
Planar Impacts in Hybrid Chains of Cylinders and Balls
Authors: Razzaghi Pouria , Alluhydan Khalid , Hurmuzlu Yildirim 
Published: August 2019

Abstract
In this paper, we study low-velocity multiple impacts of chains of balls and cylinders. We use three types of materials including steel, wood, and rubber. We perform collision experiments of balls and cylinders of three-, four-, and five-body chains and obtain their corresponding pre- and post-impact velocities. Although the common solution methods such as rigid body and bimodal models can not deal with this type of problems, we use a discretization method presented in Alluhydan et al. (2019, “On Planar Impacts of Cylinders and Balls,” ASME J. Appl. Mech., 86(7), p. 0710091) to accurately calculate the post-impact velocities of the colliding bodies in the chain. We use the bimodal Hertz–Crook contact force model and employ the ball-ball coefficient of restitution at the contacting segments to analyze the impact dynamics of the colliding objects. A segmentation method is used for ball-cylinder and cylinder-cylinder Collisions. The number of segments for each collision is determined by using a relationship that relates the stiffness ratio of two objects to the number of the segments. In ball-ball collisions, however, we do not use the segmentation method. The outcomes demonstrate that the overall average percentage error of post-impact velocities among experimental results and numerical predictions was less than 6.2% for all results.
Temporal trends analysis of tuberculosis morbidity in mainland China from 1997 to 2025 using a new SARIMA-NARNNX hybrid model
Authors: Wang Yongbin , Xu Chunjie , Zhang Shengkui , Wang Zhende , Yang Li , Zhu Ying , Yuan Juxiang 
Published: August 2019

ObjectiveTuberculosis (TB) remains a major deadly threat in mainland China. Early warning and advanced response systems play a central role in addressing such a wide-ranging threat. The purpose of this study is to establish a new hybrid model combining a seasonal autoregressive integrated moving average (SARIMA) model and a non-linear autoregressive neural network with exogenous input (NARNNX) model to understand the future epidemiological patterns of TB morbidity.MethodsWe develop a SARIMA-NARNNX hybrid model for forecasting future levels of TB incidence based on data containing 255 observations from January 1997 to March 2018 in mainland China, and the ultimate simulating and forecasting performances were compared with the basic SARIMA, non-linear autoregressive neural network (NARNN) and error-trend-seasonal (ETS) approaches, as well as the SARIMA-generalised regression neural network (GRNN) and SARIMA-NARNN hybrid techniques.ResultsIn terms of the root mean square error, mean absolute error, mean error rate and mean absolute percentage error, the identified best-fitting SARIMA-NARNNX combined model with 17 hidden neurons and 4 feedback delays had smaller values in both in-sample simulating scheme and the out-of-sample forecasting scheme than the preferred single SARIMA(2,1,3)(0,1,1)12model, a NARNN with 19 hidden neurons and 6 feedback delays and ETS(M,A,A), and the best-performing SARIMA-GRNN and SARIMA-NARNN models with 32 hidden neurons and 6 feedback delays. Every year, there was an obvious high-risk season for the notified TB cases in March and April. Importantly, the epidemic levels of TB from 2006 to 2017 trended slightly downward. According to the projection results from 2018 to 2025, TB incidence will continue to drop by 3.002% annually but will remain high.ConclusionsThe new SARIMA-NARNNX combined model visibly outperforms the other methods. This hybrid model should be used for forecasting the long-term epidemic patterns of TB, and it may serve as a beneficial and effective tool for controlling this disease.
Exploring pathways to mental healthcare for urban Aboriginal young people: a qualitative interview study
Authors: Kalucy Deanna , Nixon Janice , Parvizian Michael , Fernando Peter , Sherriff Simone , McMellon Jennifer , D’Este Catherine , Eades Sandra J , Williamson Anna 
Published: August 2019

ObjectivesTo explore the perceptions of Aboriginal Community Controlled Health Service (ACCHS) staff involved in providing mental healthcare to Aboriginal young people of the current and ideal pathways to mental healthcare for urban Aboriginal young people attending ACCHSs, and to identify what additional supports staff may need to provide optimal mental healthcare to Aboriginal young people.DesignQualitative interview study conducted during May 2016–2017.SettingPrimary care, at two ACCHSs participating in the Study of Environment on Aboriginal Resilience and Child Health in New South Wales.ParticipantsPurposive sampling of staff involved in mental healthcare pathways of Aboriginal young people, including general practitioners (GPs), nurses and Aboriginal Health Workers (AHWs).ResultsAll individuals approached for interview (n=21) participated in the study. Four overarching themes and seven sub-themes were identified: availability and use of tools in practice (valuing training and desire for tools and established pathways), targeting the ideal care pathway (initiating care and guiding young people through care), influencing the care pathway (adversities affecting access to care and adapting the care pathway) and assessing future need (appraising service availability).ConclusionsParticipants desired screening tools, flexible guidelines and training for healthcare providers to support pathways to mental healthcare for Aboriginal young people. Both GPs and AHWs were considered key in identifying children at risk and putting young people onto a pathway to receive appropriate mental healthcare. AHWs were deemed important in keeping young people on the care pathway, and participants felt care pathways could be improved with the addition of dedicated child and adolescent AHWs. The ACCHSs were highlighted as essential to providing culturally appropriate care for Aboriginal young people experiencing mental health problems, and funding for mental health specialists to be based at the ACCHSs was considered a priority.
Impact of obesity on life expectancy among different European countries: secondary analysis of population-level data over the 1975–2012 period
Authors: Vidra Nikoletta , Trias-Llimós Sergi , Janssen Fanny 
Published: August 2019

ObjectiveThis study assesses the impact of obesity on life expectancy for 26 European national populations and the USA over the 1975–2012 period.DesignSecondary analysis of population-level obesity and mortality data.SettingEuropean countries, namely Austria, Belarus, Belgium, the Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, France, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, the Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, the Russian Federation, Slovakia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, Ukraine and the UK; and the USA.ParticipantsNational populations aged 18–100 years, by sex.MeasurementsUsing data by age and sex, we calculated obesity-attributable mortality by multiplying all-cause mortality (Human Mortality Database) with obesity-attributable mortality fractions (OAMFs). OAMFs were obtained by applying the weighted sum method to obesity prevalence data (non-communicable diseases (NCD) Risk Factor Collaboration) and European relative risks (Dynamic Modeling for Health Impact Assessment (DYNAMO- HIA)). We estimated potential gains in life expectancy (PGLE) at birth by eliminating obesity-attributable mortality from all-cause mortality using associated single-decrement life tables.ResultsIn the 26 European countries in 2012, PGLE due to obesity ranged from 0.86 to 1.67 years among men, and from 0.66 to 1.54 years among women. In all countries, PGLE increased over time, with an average annual increase of 2.68% among men and 1.33% among women. Among women in Denmark, Switzerland, and Central and Eastern European countries, the increase in PGLE levelled off after 1995. Without obesity, the average increase in life expectancy between 1975 and 2012 would have been 0.78 years higher among men and 0.30 years higher among women.ConclusionsObesity was proven to have an impact on both life expectancy levels and trends in Europe. The differences found in this impact between countries and the sexes can be linked to contextual factors, as well as to differences in people’s ability and capacity to adopt healthier lifestyles.
Association between excessive premature atrial complexes and cryptogenic stroke: results of a case–control study
Authors: Sajeev Jithin K , Koshy Anoop N , Dewey Helen , Kalman Jonathan M , Rajakariar Kevin , Tan Mae C , Street Maryann , Roberts Louise , Cooke Jennifer C , Wong Michael , Frost Tanya , Teh Andrew W 
Published: August 2019

ObjectiveRecent anticoagulation trials in all-comer cryptogenic stroke patients have yielded equivocal results, reinvigorating the focus on identifying reproducible markers of an atrial myopathy. We investigated the role of excessive premature atrial complexes (PACs) in ischaemic stroke, including cryptogenic stroke and its association with vascular risk factors.Methods and resultsA case–control study was conducted utilising a multicentre institutional stroke database to compare 461 patients with an ischaemic stroke or transient ischaemic attack (TIA) with a control group consisting of age matched patients without prior history of ischaemic stroke/TIA. All patients underwent 24-hour Holter monitoring during the study period and atrial fibrillation was excluded. An excessive PAC burden, defined as ≥200 PACs/24 hours, was present in 25.6% and 14.7% (p<0.01), of stroke/TIA and control patients, respectively. On multivariate regression, excessive PACs (OR 1.97; 95% CI 1.29 to 3.02; p<0.01), smoking (OR 1.58; 95% CI 1.06 to 2.36; p<0.05) and hypertension (OR 1.53; 95% CI 1.07 to 2.17; p<0.05) were independently associated with ischaemic stroke/TIA. Excessive PACs remained the strongest independent risk factor for the cryptogenic stroke subtype (OR 1.95; 95% CI 1.16 to 3.28; p<0.05). Vascular risk factors that promote atrial remodelling, increasing age (≥75 years, OR 3.64; 95% CI 2.08 to 6.36; p<0.01) and hypertension (OR 1.54; 95% CI 1.01 to 2.34; p<0.05) were independently associated with excessive PACs.ConclusionsExcessive PACs are independently associated with cryptogenic stroke and may be a reproducible marker of atrial myopathy. Prospective studies assessing their utility in guiding stroke prevention strategies may be warranted.
Emigration of regional quota graduates of Japanese medical schools to non-designated prefectures: a prospective nationwide cohort study
Authors: Yoshida Shuhei , Matsumoto Masatoshi , Kashima Saori , Owaki Tetsuhiro , Iguchi Seitaro , Inoue Kazuo , Tazuma Susumu , Maeda Takahiro 
Published: August 2019

ObjectivesThis study examined the retention of regional quota graduates of Japanese medical schools and prefecture scholarship recipients within their designated prefectures where they are obliged or expected to work and revealed the personal and regional characteristics associated with their emigration to non-designated prefectures. Regional quota and prefecture scholarship are two of the most ambitious policies ever conducted in Japan for recruiting physicians to practice in rural areas.DesignProspective cohort study.SettingNationwide.ParticipantsRegional quota graduates with prefecture scholarship, quota graduates without scholarship and non-quota graduates with scholarship of Japanese medical schools who obtained their physician license between 2014 and 2016.Primary outcomeThe emigration in 2016 of the participants from the designated prefectures.ResultsTotal participants were 991 physicians, three of whom were excluded due to the missing values of crucial items, leaving 988 participants for analysis (quota with scholarship 387, quota alone 358 and scholarship alone 243). The percentage of those who emigrated was 11.9% (118/988). The mean (±SD) proportion of subjects who emigrated was 11.7% (±10.3) among all prefectures and the proportion varies widely among prefectures (0%–44.4%). Multilevel logistic regression analysis showed those who received prefecture scholarship (OR 0.23; 95% CI 0.08 to 0.67) and whose designated prefecture has an ordinance-designated city (ie, large city) were less likely to emigrate (OR 0.47; 95% CI 0.24 to 0.90). In contrast, graduates from a medical school outside the designated prefecture (OR 4.20; 95% CI 2.20 to 7.67) and who have a right to postpone their obligatory service (OR 3.42; 95% CI 1.52 to 7.67) were more likely to emigrate.ConclusionsA substantial proportion of regional quota graduates and prefecture scholarship recipients emigrated to non-designated prefectures. Emigrations should be reduced by improving the potential facilitators for emigration such as discordance in location between medical school and designated prefecture.
Top-cited articles in medical professionalism: a bibliometric analysis versus altmetric scores
Authors: Azer Samy A , Azer Sarah 
Published: August 2019

IntroductionCitation counts of articles have been used to measure scientific outcomes and assess suitability for grant applications. However, citation counts are not without limitations. With the rise of social media, altmetric scores may provide an alternative assessment tool.ObjectivesThe aims of the study were to assess the characteristics of highly cited articles in medical professionalism and their altmetric scores.MethodsThe Web of Science was searched for top-cited articles in medical professionalism, and the characteristics of each article were identified. The altmetric database was searched to identify report for each identified article. A model to assess the relationship between the number of citations and each of the key characteristics as well as altmetric scores was developed.ResultsNo correlations were found between the number of citations and number of years since publication (p=0.192), number of institutes (p=0.081), number of authors (p=0.270), females in authorship (p=0.150) or number of grants (p=0.384). The altmetric scores varied from 0 to 155, total=806, median=5.0, (IQR=20). Twitter (54%) and Mendeley (62%) were the most popular altmetric resources. No correlation was found between the number of citations and the altmetric scores (p=0.661). However, a correlation was found for articles published in 2007 and after (n=17, p=0.023). To further assess these variables, a model was developed using multivariate analysis; did not show significant differences across subgroups. The topics covered were learning and teaching professionalism, curriculum issues, professional and unprofessional behaviour.ConclusionsAltmetric scores of articles were significantly correlated with citations counts for articles published in 2007 and after. Highly cited articles were produced mainly by the USA, Canada and the UK. The study reflects the emerging role of social media in research dissemination. Future studies should investigate the specific features of highly cited articles and factors reinforcing distribution of research data among scholars and non-scholars.
Polyclonal Heterogeneity: The New Norm for Secondary Clinical Resistance to Targeted Monotherapy in Relapsed Leukemia?
Authors: Wei Andrew H. , Roberts Andrew W. 
Published: August 2019

AbstractSummary:In this issue, McMahon and colleagues demonstrate that secondary clinical resistance to the FLT3 inhibitor gilteritinib in relapsed acute myeloid leukemia is often polyclonal and commonly mediated by heterogeneous mutations that activate downstream RAS–MAPK pathways. These findings and recent data from others indicate that emergence of multiple clones, each with distinct mechanisms of resistance, is a common finding at secondary failure of single-agent–targeted therapies for relapsed leukemias.See related article by McMahon et al., p. 1050.
A Single-Cell Window into Pancreas Cancer Fibroblast Heterogeneity
Authors: Belle Jad I. , DeNardo David G. 
Published: August 2019

Abstract

Summary:
Cancer-associated fibroblasts (CAF) have been implicated in diverse and sometimes divergent tumor modulatory processes that can be explained only by the existence of heterogeneous CAF subsets. In this issue of Cancer Discovery, Elyada and colleagues utilize single-cell transcriptomics to resolve CAF heterogeneity in pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma and identify a novel antigen-presenting CAF population.
See related article by Elyada et al., p. 1102.
Adamts5
−/−
Mice Exhibit Altered Aggrecan Proteolytic Profiles That Correlate With Ascending Aortic Anomalies
Authors: Dupuis Loren E. , Nelson E. Lockett , Hozik Brittany , Porto Sarah C. , Rogers-DeCotes Alexandra , Fosang Amanda , Kern Christine B. 
Published: August 2019

Objective:
Investigate the requirement of Aggrecan (Acan) cleavage during aortic wall development in a murine model with ADAMTS (a disintegrin-like and metalloprotease domain with thrombospondin-type motifs) 5 deficiency and bicuspid aortic valves.

Approach:
Mice with altered extracellular matrix remodeling of proteoglycans will be examined for anomalies in ascending aortic wall development. Neo-epitope antibodies that recognize ADAMTS cleaved Acan fragments will be used to investigate the mechanistic requirement of Acan turnover, in aortic wall development.

Results:

Adamts5
−/−
;Smad2
+/−
mice exhibited a high penetrance of aortic anomalies (n=17/17);
Adamts5
−/−
;Smad2
+/−
mice with bicuspid aortic valves (7/17) showed a higher number of anomalies than
Adamts5
−/−
;Smad2
+/−
mice with tricuspid aortic valves. Single mutant
Adamts5
−/−
mice also displayed a high penetrance of aortic anomalies (n=19/19) compared with wild type (n=1/11). Aortic anomalies correlated with Acan accumulation that was apparent at the onset of elastogenesis in
Adamts5
−/−
mice. Neo-epitope antibodies that recognize the initial amino acids in the Acan cleaved fragments neo-FREEE, neo-GLGS, and neo-SSELE were increased in the
Adamts5
−/−
aortas compared with WT. Conversely, neo-TEGE, which recognizes highly digested Acan core fragments, was reduced in
Adamts5
−/−
mice. However, mice containing a mutation in the TEGE
373
↓
374
ALGSV site, rendering it noncleavable, had low penetrance of aortic anomalies (n=2/4). Acan neo-DIPEN and neo-FFGVG fragments were observed in the aortic adventitia; Acan neo-FFGVG was increased abnormally in the medial layer and overlapped with smooth muscle cell loss in
Adamts5
−/−
aortas.

Conclusions:
Disruption of ADAMTS5 Acan cleavage during development correlates with ascending aortic anomalies. These data indicate that the mechanism of ADAMTS5 Acan cleavage may be critical for normal aortic wall development.