bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Repeat Measurements of High Sensitivity Troponins for the Prediction of Recurrent Cardiovascular Events in Patients With Established Coronary Heart Disease: An Analysis From the KAROLA Study
Authors: Jansen Henning , Jaensch Andrea , Schöttker Ben , Dallmeier Dhayana , Schmucker Roman , Brenner Hermann , Koenig Wolfgang , Rothenbacher Dietrich 
Published: June 2019

Background

High‐sensitivity cardiac troponins T and I (hs‐
cTnT
and hs‐
cTnI
) are established biomarkers for myocardial injury and used for diagnostic and prognostic purposes. However, whether repeat measurements improve prediction of recurrent cardiovascular disease (
CVD
) events in patients with stable coronary heart disease (
CHD
) after adjustment for several other novel biomarkers remains unclear.

Methods and Results

We measured both troponins in 873 coronary heart disease patients from the KAROLA (Langzeiterfolge der Kardiologischen Anschlussheilbehandlung) study about 9 weeks after their initial acute event (baseline) and after 12 months, followed them for 12 years, assessed a combined
CVD
end point, and adjusted for several risk factors. As we found evidence for effect modification, results were stratified according to presence of myocardial infarction at baseline. During follow‐up, 186 fatal and non‐fatal
CVD
events occurred. Both baseline and 12‐months troponin concentrations were significantly associated with
CVD
events in patients without myocardial infarction at baseline; in tendency 12 months of troponin showed stronger hazard ratios (hs‐
cTnT
: hazard ratios 1.91 (95%
CI
1.17–3.11) versus baseline values 1.71 (95%
CI
1.08–2.70) and for hs‐
cTnI
: hazard ratio 1.55 (95%
CI
1.05–2.30) versus baseline value 1.22 (95%
CI
0.88–1.68) in the fully and simultaneously adjusted model.

Conclusions

Both troponins are consistently associated with recurrent cardiovascular events after adjustment for emerging risk factors during follow‐up in our study especially evident in patients without myocardial infarction at baseline. Troponin values at 12 months of follow‐up showed independent associations with future
CVD
events in addition to baseline assessments of troponins.
Setting The Record Straighter: Part II
Authors: Filho José Oiticica 
Published: June 2019

Abstract
This text introduces article “Setting the Record Straighter” (1951) by Brazilian photographer and artist José Oiticica Filho (1906–1964). The core of Oiticica Filho's article is a discussion of the significance of photo-club exhibitions, based on the example of an ongoing rivalry between the members of São Paulo-based photo club Foto Cine Clube Bandeirante (FCCB) and Rio de Janeiro-based club Sociedade Fluminense de Fotografia. Oiticica Filho, as a member of the São Paulo-based club who resided in Rio, emerged as a mediator between the two groups—an impartial scientist who sought a solution in data, not in the clashes between egos. The article, partially translated here for the first time, illuminates the inner workings of photo-club culture, the motivation for photographers to participate, and their major concerns about the club exhibitions. Oiticica Filho's method, based on statistics and data analysis, anticipate the sociological approach to photography developed by Pierre Bourdieu in Photography: A Middle-Brow Art (1965). Understanding Oiticica Filho's statistical work is key to establishing a broader perspective on postwar photo-club culture as an international phenomenon that contributed to the recognition of photography as an autonomous art form during the 1950s.
Funding and Directing Research or Rewarding Scientific Achievements?
Authors: Bret Patrice 
Published: June 2019

Abstract
This study examines the science and technology prize system of the Académie des Sciences through a first survey of the prizes granted over the period extending from the 1720s to the end of the 19th century. No reward policy was envisaged by the Royal Academy of Sciences in the Réglement (statute) promulgated by King Louis XIV in 1699. Prizes were proposed later, first by private donors and then by the state, and awarded in international contests setting out specific scientific or technical problems for savants, inventors and artists to solve. Using cash prizes, under the Ancien Régime the Academy effectively directed and funded research for specific purposes set by donors. By providing it with significant extra funding, the donor-sponsored prizes progressively gave the Academy relative autonomy from the political power of the state. In the 19th century, with the growing awareness of the importance of scientific research, the main question became whether to use the prizes to reward past achievements or to incentivize future research, and the scale and nature of the prizes changed.
How Gaspara Stampa Challenged Classical Tradition and Conventional Notions of Women’s Anger
Authors: Sardu Luisanna 
Published: June 2019

Abstract
The collection of Rime by the Italian sonneteer Gaspara Stampa (1523–1554) has often been compared in style and format to the Canzoniere of Petrarch. Such analysis places emphasis on Petrarch instead of Stampa, and limits discussion of her work to its relation with the literary tradition he established. Interpretation of the work of Stampa and other female authors requires a new perspective, recognising that they sought to create for themselves a literary safe space in which to convey deeply held emotional states – especially anger – and in the process to reclaim the voices and emotions of women from the male literary traditions in which they had been ensnared.
Notification concerning Planned Measures on Shared Watercourses
Authors: Salman Salman M. A. 
Published: June 2019

AbstractNotification of co-riparian states of planned measures on shared watercourses has been widely accepted as an established principle of international water law, and is codified and elaborated in the United Nations Watercourses Convention. However, despite this wide acceptance, issues have arisen in operationalizing notification, and in dealing with the different types of responses that may ensue following notification. The World Bank has been financing projects on international watercourses since its inception in the late 1940s, and has built an extensive wealth of policies and experience in this field. This monograph discusses the historical and legal foundations of notification under international law, analyses the policies and implementation experience of the World Bank thereon, and identifies comparators and synergies between the provisions of the Watercourses Convention and the Bank policies and practice.
Impact of Multiple Altimeter Data and Mean Dynamic Topography in a Global Analysis and Forecasting System
Authors: Hamon Mathieu , Greiner Eric , Le Traon Pierre-Yves , Remy Elisabeth 
Published: June 2019

AbstractSatellite altimetry is one of the main sources of information used to constrain global ocean analysis and forecasting systems. In addition to in situ vertical temperature and salinity profiles and sea surface temperature (SST) data, sea level anomalies (SLA) from multiple altimeters are assimilated through the knowledge of a surface reference, the mean dynamic topography (MDT). The quality of analyses and forecasts mainly depends on the availability of SLA observations and on the accuracy of the MDT. A series of observing system evaluations (OSEs) were conducted to assess the relative importance of the number of assimilated altimeters and the accuracy of the MDT in a Mercator Ocean global 1/4° ocean data assimilation system. Dedicated tools were used to quantify impacts on analyzed and forecast sea surface height and temperature/salinity in deeper layers. The study shows that a constellation of four altimeters associated with a precise MDT is required to adequately describe and predict upper-ocean circulation in a global 1/4° ocean data assimilation system. Compared to a one-altimeter configuration, a four-altimeter configuration reduces the mean forecast error by about 30%, but the reduction can reach more than 80% in western boundary current (WBC) regions. The use of the most recent MDT updates improves the accuracy of analyses and forecasts to the same extent as assimilating a fourth altimeter.
Therapeutic Dancing for Frail Older People in Residential Aged Care: A Thematic Analysis of Barriers and Facilitators to Implementation
Authors: Gomaa Yasmine S. , Slade Susan C. , Tamplin Jeanette , Wittwer Joanne E. , Gray Richard , Blackberry Irene , Morris Meg E. 
Published: June 2019

Background Adults who live in residential aged care can have reduced participation in physical activities and sit for prolonged periods. Therapeutic dancing aims to optimize movement, creative expression, well-being, and social interaction. Objectives To investigate the benefits, challenges, and facilitators to implementing therapeutic dancing in residential aged care. Methods Thematic analysis of semistructured interviews of residential aged care staff and therapists. Interviews were digitally audio-recorded and thematically analyzed. Findings: Four main themes were identified: (a) despite frailty, dancing classes afforded motor and nonmotor benefits, (b) music and dance genre selections were key to success, (c) the skills of the dance instructor were associated with successful outcomes, and (d) there were modifiable and nonmodifiable facilitators and barriers to implementation. Conclusion Enablers included support from management, resident supervision, age-appropriate music with a strong rhythmical beat, and a dance instructor skilled in comprehensive care. Barriers included multimorbidity, frailty, severe cognitive impairment, and funding.
OR to ICU handoff: theory of change model for sustainable change in behavior
Authors: Faiz Tahira , Saeed Bushra , Ali Sadaqat , Abbas Qalab , Malik Mahim 
Published: June 2019

Background Handoff in cardiac intensive care units has been associated with improved outcomes. We aimed to determine whether a standardized protocol for handover could be implemented using the “theory of change” model by education, introduction of a checklist, and developing feedback mechanisms, measured by better knowledge transfer and bedside care provider satisfaction. Methods A theory of change model was developed and implemented to introduce a teamwork-driven handover process. A standardized checklist was made available at every bedside. A preintervention assessment of patient handovers was obtained by direct observation using a standardized checklist. The same checklist was used for assessment after implementation. A survey was conducted to measure intensive care unit staff perception and satisfaction with the handover process. Results After implementation, the standardized handover process was employed in 53 of 60 patient transfers (88.3% compliance): 49 preintervention and 29 postintervention observations were performed. Postimplementation, critical knowledge omissions (total score of 25) decreased from a median of 10 (range 4–17) to 0 (range 0–4; p < 0.001). At 6 months, knowledge omission scores improved to a median of 0 (range 0–1; p < 0.001); and 96% (24/25) of staff reported improvement in the quality of information transfer, and 100% reported improvement in overall team work. Conclusion Implementation of a standardized patient handover process improved the quality of knowledge transfer and overall staff satisfaction. The theory of change model is a unique and highly effective tool to implement and sustain behavior change.
Chondrogenic Progenitor Cells Exhibit Superiority Over Mesenchymal Stem Cells and Chondrocytes in Platelet-Rich Plasma Scaffold-Based Cartilage Regeneration
Authors: Wang Ketao , Li Ji , Li Zhongli , Wang Bin , Qin Yuanyuan , Zhang Ning , Zhang Hao , Su Xiangzheng , Wang Yuxing , Zhu Heng 
Published: June 2019

Background:Platelet-rich plasma (PRP) has been considered a promising tool for cartilage regeneration. However, increasing evidence has demonstrated the controversial effects of PRP on tissue regeneration, partially due to the unsatisfactory cell source. Chondrogenic progenitor cells (CPCs) have gained increasing attention as a potential cell source due to their self-renewal and multipotency, especially toward the chondrogenic lineage, and, thus, may be an appropriate alternative for cartilage engineering.Purpose:To compare the effects of PRP on CPC, mesenchymal stem cell (MSC), and chondrocyte proliferation, chondrogenesis, and cartilage regeneration.Study Design:Controlled laboratory study.Methods:Whole blood samples were obtained from 5 human donors to create PRPs (0, 1000 × 109, and 2000 × 109platelets per liter). The proliferation and chondrogenesis of CPCs, bone marrow–derived MSCs (BMSCs), and chondrocytes were evaluated via growth kinetic and CCK-8 assays. Immunofluorescence, cytochemical staining, and gene expression analyses were performed to assess chondrogenic differentiation and cartilaginous matrix formation. The in vivo effects of CPCs, BMSCs, and chondrocytes on cartilage regeneration after PRP treatment were measured by use of histopathological, biochemical, and biomechanical techniques in a cartilage defect model involving mature male New Zealand White rabbits (critical size, 5 mm).Results:The CPCs possessed migration abilities and proliferative capacities superior to those of the chondrocytes, while exhibiting a chondrogenic predisposition stronger than that of the BMSCs. The growth kinetic, CCK-8, cytochemical staining, and biochemical analyses revealed that the CPCs simultaneously displayed a higher cell density than the chondrocytes and stronger chondrogenesis than the BMSCs after PRP stimulation. In addition, the in vivo study demonstrated that the PRP+CPC construct yielded better histological (International Cartilage Repair Society [ICRS] score, mean ± SEM, 1197.2 ± 163.2) and biomechanical (tensile modulus, 1.523 ± 0.194) results than the PRP+BMSC (701.1 ± 104.9, P < .05; 0.791 ± 0.151, P < .05) and PRP+chondrocyte (541.6 ± 98.3, P < .01; 0.587 ± 0.142, P < .01) constructs at 12 weeks after implantation.Conclusion:CPCs exhibit superiority over MSCs and chondrocytes in PRP scaffold-based cartilage regeneration, and PRP+CPC treatment may be a favorable strategy for cartilage repair.Clinical Relevance:These findings provide evidence highlighting the preferable role of CPCs as a cell source in PRP-mediated cartilage regeneration and may help researchers address the problem of unsatisfactory cell sources in cartilage engineering.
Perspectives and Experiences of Persons With Dementia With Advance Care Planning: An Integrative Literature Review
Authors: Geshell Lisa , Kwak Jung , Radhakrishnan Kavita 
Published: June 2019

Objective: An integrative review of the literature on advance care planning (ACP) preferences and practices from the perspective of persons with dementia (PWDs) was conducted, both to learn how health-care providers might engage and empower PWDs in ACP during the early stages of dementia and to identify where researchers should focus future work to improve ACP in this population. Methods: In November 2017, CINAHL, Legal Collection, PsycINFO, PubMed, and SocIndex were searched for empirical studies with PWDs as participants and ACP as a topic of interest. Results: Eighteen articles, which sampled 1304 PWDs, were found, focusing on 4 domains: engagement in and correlates of ACP participation; ability and attitudes toward ACP participation; ACP interventions; and values and preferences for end of life (EOL). Demographics were reported for correlates of participation. Many PWDs held a neutral to negative view toward ACP, although values exploration exercises in interventions were well received. No intervention study reported significant findings for ACP participation. Most PWDs emphasized the importance of family at EOL. Conclusion: Research is needed with methodologically rigorous designs and theoretical frameworks that examine cognitive, psychosocial, and environmental factors influencing ACP attitudes, preferences, and behaviors among PWDs in order to improve engagement among this population.
Scandcleft Project, Trial 1: Comparison of Speech Outcome in Relation to Timing of Hard Palate Closure in 5-Year-Olds With UCLP
Authors: Willadsen Elisabeth , Lohmander Anette , Persson Christina , Boers Maria , Kisling-Møller Mia , Havstam Christina , Elander Anna , Andersen Mikael 
Published: June 2019

Objective: To compare in-depth speech results in Scandcleft Trial 1 as well as reference data from peers without cleft palate (CP). Design: A prospective randomized clinical trial. Setting: A Danish and a Swedish CP center. Participants: 143 of 148 randomized 5-year-olds with unilateral cleft lip and palate. All received lip and velum closure at 4 months, and hard palate closure at 12 months (arm A) or 36 months (arm B). Main Outcome Measures: A composite measure based on velopharyngeal competence (VPC) or velopharyngeal incompetence (VPI), an overall assessment of VPC from connected speech (VPC-Rate), Percentage of Consonants Correct (PCC-score), and consonant errors. Speech therapy visits, average hearing thresholds, and secondary pharyngeal surgeries documented burden of treatment. Results: Across the trial, 61.5% demonstrated VPC and 38.5% VPI. Twenty-two percent of participants achieved age appropriate PCC-scores. There were no statistically significant differences between arms or centers for these measures. In the Danish center, arm B: achieved lower PCC-scores ( P = .01); obtained PCC-scores without s-errors below 79% ( P = .002); produced ≥3 active oral cleft speech characteristics ( P = .004) than arm A. In both centers, arm B attended more speech visits. Conclusions: At age 5, differences between centers and treatment arms were not statistically significant for VPC/VPI, but consonant proficiency differed between treatment arms in the Danish center. Poor speech outcomes were seen for both treatment arms. Variations between centers were observed. As the Swedish center had few participants, intercenter comparisons should be interpreted with caution.
Clinical Outcomes of Retrograde Intrarenal Surgery as a Primary Treatment for Staghorn Calculi: A Single-Center Experience
Authors: Niwa Naoya , Matsumoto Kazuhiro , Ohigashi Takashi , Komatsuda Akari , Katsui Masahiro , Bessyo Hideharu , Arakawa Takashi 
Published: June 2019

Objective: We investigated the efficacy and safety of retrograde intrarenal surgery (RIRS) as a primary treatment for staghorn calculi. Methods: From 2012 to 2016, we identified 39 patients with staghorn calculi who received RIRS as a primary treatment. During the study period, no staghorn calculi were treated primarily with percutaneous nephrolithotomy or any other modality. A stone-free status after RIRS was defined as no detectable stone fragments on X-rays or computed tomography scans. Results: Of 39 patients who received 134 procedures (median 3 procedures per patient; range: 1-11; mean stone length: 60.5 ± 23.0 mm), 18 (46%) and 21 (54%) had staghorn calculi <60 and >60 mm in maximum length, respectively. The stone-free rates after the first and final procedures were 21% (8 of 39) and 62% (24 of 39), respectively; overall, 39% (7 of 18) and 78% (14 of 18), respectively, for the 18 patients with <60 mm staghorn calculi; and 5% (1 of 21) and 48% (10 of 21), respectively, for the 21 patients with >60 mm calculi. Multivariate analysis revealed a maximum stone length >60 mm to be the only independent predictor of a stone-free status after the first and final procedures. During the treatment series, perioperative complications occurred in 16 (41%) patients. Only one patient presented with a Clavien-Dindo grade III complication (malposition of a ureteral stent). Conclusions: RIRS is a safe and effective treatment option for staghorn calculi.
Hamstring Muscle Activity After Primary Anterior Cruciate Ligament Reconstruction—A Protective Mechanism in Those Who Do Not Sustain a Secondary Injury? A Preliminary Study
Authors: Palmieri-Smith Riann M. , Strickland Meagan , Lepley Lindsey K. 
Published: June 2019

Background: Individuals who experience a subsequent ipsilateral anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) reinjury may use hazardous muscle activation strategies after primary ACL reconstruction (ACLR). The purpose of this study was to compare electromyograms (EMGs) of the quadriceps, hamstrings, and gastrocnemius muscles during a dynamic hopping task among individuals with a single ACL injury (ACLx1), individuals who went on to have secondary ipsilateral ACL injury (ACLx2), and individuals who have never sustained an ACL injury (ACLx0). Hypothesis: We expected that individuals who went on to experience a secondary ACL injury would use less quadriceps muscle activity as compared with individuals who experienced a single ACL injury. Study Design: Cross-sectional study. Level of Evidence: Level 3. Methods: Fourteen individuals that were returned to play post-ACLR and 7 non-ACL-injured individuals participated. Individuals who had undergone an ACLR were placed into groups depending on whether they had experienced a secondary ipsilateral ACL reinjury postprimary ACLR. EMG data of the vastus lateralis, biceps femoris, and lateral gastrocnemius were measured during 2 phases of a single-leg dynamic hopping task: preactivity (100 ms prior to ground contact) and reactivity (250 ms post–ground contact). Processed EMG data were compared across groups using 1-way analyses of variance, with post hoc independent t tests where appropriate ( P ≤ 0.05). Results: At preactivity, ACLx1 (0.48% ± 0.2%max) was found to use significantly more hamstring activity than ACLx2 (0.20% ± 0.1%max, P = 0.018), but not than ACLx0 (0.38% ± 0.1%max, P > 0.05). At reactivity, both ACL groups were found to use less quadriceps activity than ACLx0 (ACLx1: 0.38% ± 0.1%max, P = 0.016; ACLx2: 0.40% ± 0.1%max, P = 0.033; ACLx0: 0.58% ± 0.1%max), but not than each other ( P > 0.05). Conclusion: Quadriceps muscle activity during landing was diminished in all ACL participants as compared with participants who had never sustained an ACL injury. Individuals who did not experience a secondary ipsilateral ACL reinjury (ACLx1) used greater levels of hamstring activity prior to landing. Clinical Relevance: The higher hamstring activity in patients who did not experience a secondary injury may be interpreted as a protective mechanism that is used to dynamically stabilize the reconstructed limb.