bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Changement climatique et migrations : qualification d’un problème, structuration d’un champ scientifique et activation de politiques publiques
Authors: Diallo Alassane , Renou Yvan 
Published: December 2018

Renvoyant à une pluralité de qualifications concurrentes, la construction du « problème public » constitué par les migrations environnementales s’est finalement stabilisée au niveau international autour de la problématique du changement climatique. Après avoir proposé une mise en ordre de la diversité des approches théoriques et des politiques publiques formulées, cet article insiste sur la nécessité d’une réorientation analytique : envisager les projets d’adaptation au changement climatique comme des « objets actants », produisant leurs effets politiques dans des contextes d’action fragilisés, permettrait de concevoir des réponses institutionnelles en phase avec les besoins et les attentes de populations devenues vulnérables. L’exemple du Sahel est alors mobilisé à titre illustratif.
La théorie de la base économique résidentielle « élargie » appliquée à deux économies régionales divergentes : la Polynésie françаise et la Nouvelle-Calédonie
Authors: Poirine Bernard 
Published: December 2018

Le ratio de la base « élargie » proposé par Davezies est très proche du multiplicateur keynésien des dépenses autonomes (en incluant les dépenses publiques locales et les ressources extérieures). L’évolution opposée de leurs ressources extérieures (exportations, tourisme, transferts et investissements extérieurs) permet d’expliquer l’évolution très divergente du PIB de la Nouvelle-Calédonie et de la Polynésie française de 2002 à 2010 (un écart de 49 % en sept ans). Cependant, le ratio de la base « élargie » aux ressources extérieures n’est pas stable à moyen terme, ce qui rend difficile son application en prévision au-delà d’une courte période.
Effets des prix et des revenus sur le recours aux soins au Cameroun
Authors: Ngwen Ngangué 
Published: December 2018

Cet article analyse les effets des prix et du revenu sur le recours aux soins au Cameroun. Un modèle logit multinomial de choix entre cinq modalités (automédication, tradipraticiens, centres de santé publics, hôpitaux publics, structures privées) est utilisé. Les résultats issus de cette analyse montrent que le prix de la consultation, le revenu des ménages, le niveau d’instruction, la distance, la région de résidence influencent les choix thérapeutiques des populations. En termes de politiques publiques, les autorités devraient, d’une part mettre un accent sur l’éducation en vue d’améliorer le niveau d’instruction de la population, et, d’autre part, augmenter les revenus des populations par la mise en place de vastes programmes de développement générateurs de nombreux emplois. Par ailleurs, il serait important d’accroître l’offre de santé en infrastructures.	Classification JEL :	C25, D31, I11
Du délai de garantie en matière de tuberculose bovine
Authors: Logé Georges , Besnard J. , Huet J.-P. 
Published: December 2018

La fixation du délai imparti à l’acquéreur d’un bovidé atteint de tuberculose, pour provoquer la nomination d’un expert, prête à sérieuse discussion.
L’interprétation la plus logique des textes et de la jurisprudence de la Cour de cassation, de sens assez incertain il est vrai, devrait conduire à un délai de quinze jours.
Epris de distinctions subtiles, des tribunaux inférieurs tendent à réduire le délai à neuf jours.
Essai de vaccination du Lapin contre le myxome infectieux au moyen d’un anavaccin
Authors: Resende Nilson , Garcia-Martinez A. 
Published: December 2018

Le virus du myxome infectieux du lapin traité par le formol à 0,4 pour cent et 0,1 pour cent perd tout à fait sa virulence pour le Lapin au quatrième jour. Le virus ainsi traité et dilué au 1/10 peut être injecté sans occasionner de troubles à des lapins aux doses de 1 à 8 centimètres cubes. Le sérum de ces animaux présente un léger pouvoir virulicide, mais jamais les lapins n’ont résisté à l’injection de la dose mortelle minima, montrant par là l’absence d’une immunité active due à un vaccin.
Le virus du myxome, aussi bien sous forme d’anavaccin que vivant n’occasionne aucun trouble chez le Chien. Les sérums de Lapin et de Chien s’avèrent dépourvus de tout pouvoir virulicide.
Homely Atmospheres and Lighting Technologies in Denmark
Authors: Bille Mikkel 
Published: December 2018

Using case studies, such as the use of candlelight and energy saving lightbulbs in Denmark, this book unravels light’s place at the heart of social life. In contrast to common perception of light as a technical and aesthetic phenomenon, Mikkel Bille argues that there is a cultural and social logic to lighting practices. By empirically investigating the social role of lighting in people's everyday lives, Mikkel Bille reveals how and why people visually shape their homes.
Moving beyond the impact of its use, Bille also comments on the politics of lighting to examine how ideas of pollution and home act as barriers for technological fixes to curb energy demand. Attitudes to these issues are reflective of how human perceptions and practices are central to the efforts to cope with climate change.
This ethnographic study is a must-read for students of anthropology, cultural studies, human geography, sociology and design.
Homely Atmospheres and Energy Saving Technologies – Living with light investigates the role of lighting in people’s everyday life. In a context of political pressure to lower energy consumption, the book examines how people have adopted or resisted energy saving light bulbs as component in defining homeliness, social identity, and morality of energy consumption. Through a case study of the introduction of the energy saving light bulb in Denmark it addresses the broader question of ‘what is good lighting?’ from an anthropological perspective. The book argues that rather than merely making the world visible, light and lighting has an atmospheric potential that shapes subjectivity, communities, politics and national sentiments. Light is part of a continuous practice of attuning atmospheres.
The overall argument is that research on lighting has been dominated by technical, biological or aesthetic concerns, that, while fruitful to our understanding of light, also ignores the social life it helps forge. With a social approach to lighting, the book shows how homely atmospheres are shaped in the age of energy saving light bulbs. This takes the reader around seeing how light and atmospheres are conceptualised in cultural ways, how lighting is part of everyday practices and routines, the communities it sustains, the meanings it has, the knowledge it takes to use, and the politics it is entangled in.
Art, Mysticism, and the Other: Kristeva’s Adel and Teresa
Authors: Miller Elaine P. 
Published: December 2018

Kristeva's Teresa My Love concerns the life and thought of a 16th century Spanish mystic, written in the form of a novel. Yet the theme of another kind of foreigner, equally exotic but this time threatening, pops up unexpectedly and disappears several times during the course of the novel. At the very beginning of the story, the 21st century narrator, psychoanalyst Sylvia Leclerque, encounters a young woman in a headscarf, whom Kristeva describes as an IT engineer, who speaks out, explaining that "she and her God were one and that the veil was the immovable sign of this 'union,' which she wished to publicize in order to definitively 'fix it' in herself and in the eyes of others." In this paper I ask what difference Kristeva discerns between these two women, a distinction that apparently makes Teresa's immanence simultaneously a transcendence, but transforms a Muslim woman in a headscarf immediately into an imagined suicide bomber. Despite the problematic aspects of this comparison, we can learn something from them about Kristeva's ideas on mysticism and on art. Both mysticism and art are products of the death drive, but whereas the suicide bomber and the animal directly and purely pursue death (again, on Kristeva's view) Teresa and Adel remain on its outer edge and merely play with mortality.
Pancreatic Acinar Metaplasia in Distal Esophageal Biopsies Is Associated With Chronic Nonsteroidal Anti-inflammatory Drug Use
Authors: Al Salihi Suhair , Jaitly Vanya , Saulino David M. , DuPont Andrew W. , Ertan Atilla , Everett Jamie M. , Younes Mamoun 
Published: December 2018

Context.—The cause of pancreatic acinar metaplasia (PAM) at the distal esophagus/esophagogastric junction is still controversial. Whereas some authors believe it is congenital, others believe it is acquired because of inflammation of the gastric cardia, and more recently it was proposed to be due to chronic proton pump inhibitor use based on a study in rats.Objective.—To determine whether there is correlation between chronic proton pump inhibitor use and PAM in humans. We also investigated the correlation between several clinical and pathologic factors and PAM.Design.—Four hundred forty-four consecutive biopsies from the distal esophagus/esophagogastric junction were reviewed for the presence of PAM, which was then correlated with several clinical and pathologic findings.Results.—Pancreatic acinar metaplasia was found in 71 patients (16%). Pancreatic acinar metaplasia was significantly associated with patient age younger than 51 years (P &lt; .001), chronic carditis (P = .01), and chronic proton pump inhibitor use (P = .008). Surprisingly, we also found significant association between PAM and chronic nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug use (P &lt; .001). These associations, including that with chronic nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug use, remained significant in multivariate analysis.Conclusions.—Our findings confirm the previous reports of significant association between PAM and chronic carditis and the findings from animal studies of association with chronic proton pump inhibitor use. The strong association with chronic nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug use has not been previously reported and warrants further studies.
NMRof Hypervalent Iodine Compounds
Authors: Wu Yichen , Shafir Alexandr 
Published: December 2018

AbstractNuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy has played a key role in the rise of modern high‐valent halogen chemistry, especially for gaining solution‐state information on the corresponding organic derivatives. This chapter is focused on those aspects of NMR that have somehow proven specific to this family of compounds, including instances of abnormal chemical shifts, the highly electron‐withdrawing nature of the iodane group, and the presence of highly ionic hypervalent bond. In addition, the essay includes aspects that have had a particular impact on the development of this area of chemistry. The chapter is divided into six sections, with Section I introducing some of the general aspects of the NMR spectroscopy of high‐valent organoiodine species, including the normal halogen dependence (NHD) explanation for certain chemical shift abnormalities, the general iodine oxidation state influence on1H and13C chemical shifts, and certain challenges of solution‐state measurements for this class of compounds. Section II presents a discussion on the difficulty of directly measuring the halogen chemical shifts due to the nucleus' high quadrupole moments, especially for127I. Sections III and IV contain a discussion of some of the most relevant13C and19F NMR studies, including the key contributions of these two techniques to the understanding of the physical organic chemistry aspects of high‐valent halogen derivatives. Section V is dedicated to the NMR characterization via the less‐common nuclei, specifically11B,31P,29Si, and17O NMR, and includes a discussion of the role played by17O NMR in establishing the dynamic nature of certain key high‐valent carboxylates. Finally, Section VI presents a series of selected studies in which NMR is used to shed light on the mechanism of processes involving high‐valent iodine reagents.
Transition Metal‐Catalyzed Reactions with Iodine(III) Reagents
Authors: Tolnai Gergely L. , Gonda Zsombor , Novák Zoltán 
Published: December 2018

AbstractTransition metal‐catalyzed functionalizations and heterocycle formations with hypervalent iodine reagents are discussed. The most important arylations of aromatic and heteroaromatic systems via cross‐coupling with diaryliodonium salts and CH bond activation are collected and described, focusing on the reaction mechanisms and the most important applications. Although the CC bond formations are the major parts of these transformations, the carbon–heteroatom bond‐forming reactions are also presented from two aspects. While the iodonium species provides the aryl group and reacts with nucleophilic heteroatom (oxygen or nitrogen), in the other approach, (diacetoxyiodo)benzene (DIB) serves as heteroatom donor to achieve acetoxylations of aromatic rings or the formation of three‐membered heterocycles (epoxides and aziridines) from unsaturated species. Due to the interaction of iodonium salts and special functional groups of the substrate, the initial CC or C–heteroatom bond formation could result in a reactive intermediate, which could induce a multiple bond‐formation relay to access special heterocyclic molecules.
Democracy that Excludes: Persistent Inequalities and the Future of Democratic Governance
Authors: Kelly Nathan J. , Morgan Jana 
Published: December 2018

AbstractDemocracy is often reduced to the presence of a particular set of institutional rules and practices. We argue that democracy also implies a promise of more just outcomes, and define systems that are institutionally democratic but fail to fully incorporate all citizens asexclusionary democracies. We argue here that the practice of exclusionary democracy may produce broad and mostly negative implications for the future of democratic governance. In particular, we explore how variation in political and economic exclusion in institutionally democratic states may shape a variety of political attitudes and behavior, including political participation, democratic values, tolerance, and trust in government.
Emerging Trends in the Political Economy of Taxation
Authors: Kiser Edgar , Karceski Steven M. 
Published: December 2018

AbstractThis essay briefly summarizes recent work and suggests future directions in the study of taxation. We analyze the determinants of total tax revenue, tax structure, tax administration, and the relationship between taxation and spending. In the section on total tax revenue, we look at the effects of democracy, debates a possible ceiling on total revenue, and whether less developed and Asian countries will catch up with revenue extraction in the developed west. The section on tax structure suggests that the era of progressive taxation may be ending and that taxes intended to serve social purposes, such as sin taxes and carbon taxes, are on the rise. Our discussion of tax administration focuses on the determinants of taxpayer compliance and whether less developed countries are developing centralized bureaucratic administrations. We conclude by looking at the relationship between taxation and spending, first exploring the increase in deficit spending and second looking at attempts by both sub‐state and supra‐state political units to get more control of taxation relative to national states.
Religion and Nationalism
Authors: Omer Atalia 
Published: December 2018

AbstractThis essay examines the relations between religion and nationalism by highlighting the existing scholarly approaches as well as the ways in which they might be further expanded into deeper engagements with the legacies of colonialism and race. The argument is that cross‐fertilizing the religion and nationalist literature with critical race theories and the study of coloniality will provide explanatory frames and analytic tools to interpret the waves of right‐wing populist nationalisms in Euro‐America in the twenty‐first century. In particular, the ways in which appeals to Christianity, Judeo‐Christianity, or “civilizational” values participate in patterns of exclusion and inclusion through the mechanisms of sexual politics and human rights' instruments are studied as an opportunity to interrogate the interrelation between anti‐Semitism and anti‐Muslim rhetoric to the histories of colonialism and how they have undergirded the patterns of interactions between religion and the production, reproduction, and subversion of political national identities.
Diverse Family Forms and Children's Well‐Being
Authors: Powell Brian , Tabor Jaclyn A. , Miller Lisa R. 
Published: December 2018

Abstract
The relationship between family structure and children's well‐being has been the subject of an extensive body of family scholarship that continues to grow. Amidst the worldwide diversification of families, scholars have grappled with how to make sense of the emergence and proliferation of “alternative” family forms—those differing from the “traditional families,” or what has been referred to as the Standard North American Family. This essay explores the literature on several of these alternative family forms, focusing on including single‐parent, stepparent, and cohabiting families, older‐parent families, adoptive families, same‐sex families, and multiracial families. The authors next identify six key areas for social scientists to consider when assessing the implications of diversifying family structures for children.
Urban Data Science
Authors: Law Tina , Legewie Joscha 
Published: December 2018

AbstractData on urban life are more accessible today than ever before. New sources of “big data” such as 311 requests, recorded police activity, digitized student records, and social media capture urban life on an unprecedented temporal and geographical scale. Combined with new and improved computational social science methods for harnessing data, they promise to change urban research in important ways. In this essay, we outline urban data science—an emerging, interdisciplinary approach to studying urban life using big data and computational social science methods. We discuss three key innovations that this approach offers for urban research: (i) a broader and more multifaceted definition of neighborhood activity, (ii) greater knowledge on the role of socio‐spatial interdependencies in urban life, and (iii) more dynamic understandings of urban issues and policies. We conclude by highlighting some challenges that urban scholars must collaboratively address as they engage in this new urban data science.
Structure Design and Performance of Hybridized Nanogenerators
Authors: Zhang Kewei , Wang Yuanhao , Yang Ya 
Published: December 2018

AbstractIntelligent energy generation from ambient environment by various nanogenerators is desirable to realize self‐powered operation of electronics. By integrating two or more kinds of nanogenerators, a hybridized nanogenerator provides a possible solution to largely increase the total electric power, and thus has been considered as one of the most significant energy‐related technologies. Here, emerging advancements in hybridized nanogenerators are summarized in terms of their structures, principles, and potential applications. In particular, one‐structure‐based coupled nanogenerators based on multifunctional energy‐scavenging materials and the interface regulation of solar cells by inner nanogenerators are discussed. For potential applications in wearable electronics, the new progress on flexible hybridized nanogenerators is presented on the basis of stretchable and mechanically durable materials, substrates, and electrodes. With the advances highlighted here and the ongoing research efforts, the continuous breakthrough in hybridized nanogenerators for multiple energy scavenging and their extensive applications is foreseeable in the future.
Ultrahigh‐Working‐Frequency Embedded Supercapacitors with 1T Phase MoSe2 Nanosheets for System‐in‐Package Application
Authors: Jiang Zhi , Wang Yang , Yuan Shuoguo , Shi Lu , Wang Ni , Xiong Jie , Lai Wenhui , Wang Xuanyu , Kang Feiyu , Lin Wei , Wong Ching Ping , Yang Cheng 
Published: December 2018

AbstractCommercial aluminium electrolyte capacitors (AECs) are too large for integration in future highly integrated electronic systems. Supercapacitors, in comparison, possess a much higher capacitance per unit volume and can be embedded as passive capacitors to address such challenges in electronics scaling. However, the slow frequency response (<101 Hz) typical of supercapacitors is a major hurdle to their practical application. Here, it is demonstrated that 1T‐phase MoSe2 nanosheets obtained by laser‐induced phase transformation can be used as an electrode material in embedded micro‐supercapacitors. The metallic nature of MoSe2 nanosheet‐based electrodes provides excellent electron‐ and ion‐transport properties, which leads to an unprecedented high‐frequency response (up to 104 Hz) and cycle stability (up to 106 cycles) when integrated in supercapacitors, and their power density can be ten times higher than that of commercial AECs. Furthermore, fabrication processes of the present device are fully compatible with system‐in‐package device manufacturing to meet stringent specifications for the size of embedded components. The present research represents a critical step forward in in‐package and on‐chip applications of electrolytic capacitors.
Cellular and Chemical Gradients to Engineer the Meniscus‐to‐Bone Insertion
Authors: Iannucci Leanne E. , Boys Alexander J. , McCorry Mary Clare , Estroff Lara A. , Bonassar Lawrence J. 
Published: December 2018

AbstractTissue‐engineered menisci hold promise as an alternative to allograft procedures but require a means of robust fixation to the native bone. The insertion of the meniscus into bone is critical for meniscal function and inclusion of a soft tissue‐to‐bone interface in a tissue engineered implant can aid in the fixation process. The native insertion is characterized by gradients in composition, tissue architecture, and cellular phenotype, which are all difficult to replicate. In this study, a soft tissue‐to‐bone interface is tissue engineered with a cellular gradient of fibrochondrocytes and mesenchymal stem cells and subjected to a biochemical gradient through a custom media diffusion bioreactor. These constructs, consisting of interpenetrating collagen and boney regions, display improved mechanical performance and collagen organization compared to controls without a cellular or chemical gradient. Media gradient exposure produces morphological features in the constructs that appear similar to the native tissue. Collectively, these data show that cellular and biochemical gradients improve integration between collagen and bone in a tissue engineered soft tissue‐to‐bone construct.