bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Soft Tissue Anchoring Performance, Biomechanical Properties, and Tissue Reaction of a New Hernia Mesh Engineered to Address Hernia Occurrence and Recurrence
Authors: Ibrahim Mohamad M. , Green Jason L. , Everitt Jeffrey , Ruppert David , Glisson Richard , Leopardi Frank , Risoli Thomas , Kuchibhatla Maragatha , Reynolds Randall , Levinson Howard 
Published: May 2019

Abstract
One opportunity to reduce hernia occurrence and recurrence rates (currently estimated to be 30% at 10 years postoperatively) is by enhancing the ability of hernia meshes to anchor into tissue to prevent mesh migration, mesh contraction, and mesh tearing away from tissue. To address this, we developed a novel moderate-weight, macroporous, polypropylene mesh (termed the T-line mesh) with mesh extensions to optimize anchoring. We examined the physical properties, biomechanical performance, and biocompatibility of this novel mesh versus a predicate mesh anchored with #0-suture. The physical properties of the T-line mesh and predicate mesh were measured using American Society for Testing and Materials (ASTM) standards. Meshes were implanted into a swine hernia model and harvested after one day to determine anchoring strength of the meshes in the perioperative period. A separate group was implanted into a swine hernia model and harvested at 30 days and 90 days for semiquantitative histological analysis of biocompatibility. T-line mesh physical properties were similar to commonly used moderate-weight meshes in thickness and areal density. The T-line mesh outperformed the predicate mesh in all mechanical testing (P < 0.05). In the perioperative period, the T-line mesh was ∼275% stronger (P < 0.001) than the standard of care. Histological analysis of biocompatibility demonstrated no significant difference between the T-line mesh and predicate mesh (P > 0.05). The T-line mesh is a novel hernia mesh that outperforms a predicate mesh in mechanical and biomechanical performance testing while exhibiting similar biocompatibility. The T-line mesh has the potential to reduce hernia occurrence and recurrence caused by mechanical failure.
A Correlation for Heat Transfer to Gas–Solid Suspensions Flowing in Pipes
Authors: Shah Mirza M. 
Published: May 2019

Abstract
Heat transfer to flowing gas–solid mixtures in pipes is required in many applications including chemical processing, pneumatic transport, and nuclear reactors but no well-verified method for predicting heat transfer is available. A new correlation is presented, which has been validated with a wide range of data that includes a variety of particles (minerals, metals) in several gases. Particle diameters range from 13 to 1130 µm, pipe diameters 5.1 to 77 mm, and the solids loading ratio of 0–520. Flow orientations include horizontal, vertical up, and vertical down. The new correlation has a mean absolute deviation (MAD) of 18.9% with 630 data points from 20 studies. The same data were also compared with six published correlations. Their MAD ranged from 35% to 57%. Hence, the new correlation is likely to help in more accurate design.
From arc evolution to arc-continent collision: Late Cretaceous–middle Eocene geology of the Eastern Pontides, northeastern Turkey
Authors: Kandemir Özgür , Akbayram Kenan , Çobankaya Mehmet , Kanar Fatih , Pehlivan Şükrü , Tok Turgut , Hakyemez Aynur , Ekmekçi Erkan , Danacı Füsun , Temiz Uğur 
Published: May 2019

AbstractThe Eastern Pontide Arc, a major fossil submarine arc of the world, was formed by northward subduction of the northern Neo-Tethys lithosphere under the Eurasian margin. The arc’s volcano-sedimentary sequence and its cover contain abundant fossils. Our new systematical paleontological and structural data suggest the Late Cretaceous arc volcanism was initiated at early-middle Turonian and continued uninterruptedly until the end of the early Maastrichtian, in the northern part of the Eastern Pontides. We measured ∼5500-m-thick arc deposits, suggesting a deposition rate of ∼220 m Ma–1 in ∼25 m.y. We have also defined four different chemical volcanic episodes: (1) an early-middle Turonian–Santonian mafic-intermediate episode, (2) a Santonian acidic episode; when the main volcanic centers were formed as huge acidic domes-calderas comprising the volcanogenic massive sulfide ores, (3) a late Santonian–late Campanian mafic-intermediate episode, and (4) a late Campanian–early Maastrichtian acidic episode. The volcaniclastic rocks were deposited in a deepwater extensional basin until the late Campanian. Between late Campanian and early Maastrichtian, intra-arc extension resulted in opening of back-arc in the north, while the southern part of the arc remained active and uplifted. The back-arc basin was most probably connected to the Eastern Black Sea Basin. In the back-arc basin, early Maastrichtian volcano-sedimentary arc sequence was transitionally overlain by pelagic sediments until late Danian suggesting continuous deep-marine conditions. However, the subsidence of the uplifted-arc-region did not occur until late Maastrichtian. We have documented a Selandian–early Thanetian (57–60 Ma) regional hiatus defining the closure age of the İzmir-Ankara-Erzincan Ocean along the Eastern Pontides. Between late Thanetian and late Lutetian synorogenic turbidites and postcollisional volcanics were deposited. The Eastern Pontide fold-and-thrust belt started to form at early Eocene (ca. 55 Ma) and thrusting continued in the post-Lutetian times.
Socioeconomic inequality in life expectancy in India
Authors: Asaria Miqdad , Mazumdar Sumit , Chowdhury Samik , Mazumdar Papiya , Mukhopadhyay Abhiroop , Gupta Indrani 
Published: May 2019

IntroductionConcern for health inequalities is an important driver of health policy in India; however, much of the empirical evidence regarding health inequalities in the country is piecemeal focusing only on specific diseases or on access to particular treatments. This study estimates inequalities in health across the whole life course for the entire Indian population. These estimates are used to calculate the socioeconomic disparities in life expectancy at birth in the population.MethodsPopulation mortality data from the Indian Sample Registration System were combined with data on mortality rates by wealth quintile from the National Family Health Survey to calculate wealth quintile specific mortality rates. Results were calculated separately for males and females as well as for urban and rural populations. Life tables were constructed for each subpopulation and used to calculate distributions of life expectancy at birth by wealth quintile. Absolute gap and relative gap indices of inequality were used to quantify the health disparity in terms of life expectancy at birth between the richest and poorest fifths of households.ResultsLife expectancy at birth was 65.1 years for the poorest fifth of households in India as compared with 72.7 years for the richest fifth of households. This constituted an absolute gap of 7.6 years and a relative gap of 11.7 %. Women had both higher life expectancy at birth and narrower wealth-related disparities in life expectancy than men. Life expectancy at birth was higher across the wealth distribution in urban households as compared with rural households with inequalities in life expectancy widest for men living in urban areas and narrowest for women living in urban areas.ConclusionAs India progresses towards Universal Health Coverage, the baseline social distributions of health estimated in this study will allow policy makers to target and monitor the health equity impacts of health policies introduced.
Evaluation of urinary γ‐glutamyl transferase and serum creatinine in non‐azotaemic hospitalised dogs
Authors: Perondi Francesca , Lippi Ilaria , Ceccherini Gianila , Marchetti Veronica , Guidi Grazia 
Published: May 2019

Urinary and blood biomarkers for diagnosis of acute kidney injury (AKI) in hospitalised dogs were evalueted. This prospective study included 97 dogs, classified according to the International Renal Interest Society classification into no AKI and AKI grade 1 (48‐hour increase in serum creatinine≥0.3 mg/dl and/or urinary production <1 ml/kg/hour for at least six hours). A total of 62 of 97 dogs (64 per cent) were classified as AKI 1. A statistically significant difference was found between no AKI and AKI 1 in urine protein to creatinine ratio, urinary γ‐glutamyl transferase (uGGT) and uGGT/cu (P<0.0001). Thirteen of 97 dogs (13.4 per cent) that developed increased creatinine and change in AKI grade showed high mortality (n=9/13; 69.2 per cent). The receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve analysis of uGGT/cu index as a marker for AKI grade 1 had an area under the ROC curve of 0.78; optimal cut‐off point was 57.50 u/g, with sensitivity and specificity of 75.4 per cent and 75.6 per cent, respectively. Overall intensive care unit mortality was 23.7 per cent (23/97), 13.4 per cent (13/97) of which died during hospitalisation and 10.3 per cent (10/97) within 28 days after discharge. uGGT is an acceptable marker for distinguishing between AKI 1 and no AKI.
Structural, elastic, magnetic and electronic properties of TiX2(X = Cr, Mn) alloys
Authors: Murugeswari R. , Benial A. Milton Franklin , Rajeswarapalanichamy R. 
Published: May 2019

The structural, elastic, magnetic and electronic properties of titanium-based alloys TiX2(X = Cr, Mn) are investigated by the first-principles calculations based on density functional theory using the Vienna ab-initio simulation code. The lattice constants of TiX2(X = Cr, Mn) alloys are optimized for various possible structures such as hexagonal, tetragonal and orthorhombic. TiX2(X = Cr, Mn) alloys are highly stable in hexagonal structure with the space group P63/mmc at ambient pressure. A pressure-induced structural phase transition from hexagonal structure to the tetragonal structure is observed in TiCr2at 443.3 GPa and in TiMn2hexagonal structure to orthorhombic structure is at 295.05 GPa. The electronic structure shows that TiX2(X = Cr, Mn) alloys are metallic in nature at all pressures. The magnetic property of nonmagnetic TiX2(X = Cr, Mn) alloys are analyzed by doping with ferromagnetic materials (Fe, Co and Ni) using the stoichiometries of TiX[Formula: see text]Y[Formula: see text] (X = Cr, Mn; Y = Fe, Co and Ni; z = 0.5,1,1.5). It is seen that the magnetic moment is induced by the substitution of ferromagnetic materials with TiX2alloys.
Computing a landing spot on Mars
Authors: Tichy Walter 
Published: May 2019

The purpose of the Mars rover is in its name---to rove, explore, study Martian geology, look for signs of water, look for signs of life (past or present), etc. However, achieving these and other objectives requires putting the rover down on a suitable landing site, i.e. a site suitable for searching for the desired information and safe to land and function without hindrance or breaking down.
The data for making these decisions comes from prior Mars missions. Selecting a suitable landing site is a complex process typically taking several years. Researchers at MIT's Kavli Institute for Astrophysics and Space Research prototyped a new software that can help NASA mission planners to more rapidly and reliably find landing sites, potentially reducing the total time required to weeks. In this interview, Victor Pankratius, leader of the research team, shares some insight into the project.
Passive heat therapy in sedentary humans increases skeletal muscle capillarization and eNOS content but not mitochondrial density or GLUT4 content
Authors: Hesketh Katie , Shepherd Sam O. , Strauss Juliette A. , Low David A. , Cooper Robert J. , Wagenmakers Anton J. M. , Cocks Matthew 
Published: May 2019

Passive heat therapy (PHT) has been proposed as an alternative intervention to moderate-intensity continuous training (MICT) in individuals who are unable or unwilling to exercise. This study aimed to make the first comparison of the effect of PHT and MICT on 1) skeletal muscle capillarization and endothelial-specific endothelial nitric oxide synthase (eNOS) content and 2) mitochondrial density, glucose transporter 4 (GLUT4), and intramuscular triglyceride (IMTG) content. Twenty young sedentary males (21 ± 1 yr, body mass index 25 ± 1 kg/m2) were allocated to either 6 wk of PHT ( n = 10; 40–50 min at 40°C in a heat chamber, 3×/wk) or MICT ( n = 10; time-matched cycling at ~65% V̇o2peak). Muscle biopsies were taken from the vastus lateralis muscle before and after training. Immunofluorescence microscopy was used to assess changes in skeletal muscle mitochondrial density (mitochondrial marker cytochrome c oxidase subunit 4), GLUT4, and IMTG content, capillarization, and endothelial-specific eNOS content. V̇o2peakand whole body insulin sensitivity were also assessed. PHT and MICT both increased capillary density (PHT 21%; MICT 12%), capillary-fiber perimeter exchange index (PHT 15%; MICT 12%) ( P < 0.05), and endothelial-specific eNOS content (PHT 8%; MICT 12%) ( P < 0.05). However, unlike MICT (mitochondrial density 40%; GLUT4 14%; IMTG content 70%) ( P < 0.05), PHT did not increase mitochondrial density (11%, P = 0.443), GLUT4 (7%, P = 0.217), or IMTG content (1%, P = 0.957). Both interventions improved aerobic capacity (PHT 5%; MICT 7%) and whole body insulin sensitivity (PHT 15%; MICT 36%) ( P < 0.05). Six-week PHT in young sedentary males increases skeletal muscle capillarization and eNOS content to a similar extent as MICT; however, unlike MICT, PHT does not affect skeletal muscle mitochondrial density, GLUT4, or IMTG content.NEW & NOTEWORTHY The effect of 6-wk passive heat therapy (PHT) compared with moderate-intensity continuous training (MICT) was investigated in young sedentary males. PHT induced similar increases in skeletal muscle capillarization and endothelial-specific endothelial nitric oxide synthase content to MICT. Unlike MICT, PHT did not improve skeletal muscle mitochondrial density, glucose transporter 4, or intramuscular triglyceride content. These microvascular adaptations were paralleled by improvements in V̇o2peakand insulin sensitivity, suggesting that microvascular adaptations may contribute to functional improvements following PHT.
Predictors of Health-Protective Behavior and Glycemia After Gestational Diabetes, NHANES 2007-2014
Authors: Knippen Kerri Lynn , Sheu Jiunn-Jye , Oza-Frank Reena , McBride Kimberly , Dake Joseph 
Published: May 2019

Purpose This study examined weight loss behavior and the prevalence of hyperglycemia unawareness (unknown high blood glucose) after gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM), within a nationally, representative sample. This study also examined social-demographic, psychosocial, provider communication, and health care access/utilization factors as predictors of A1C and health-protective behavior after GDM. Methods A secondary analysis of 2007-2014 National Health and Nutrition Examination Surveys (NHANES) data was conducted, including 205 women, aged 20 to 44 years, with a history of GDM, whose last live birth was in the past 10 years, excluding pregnant women and those with diabetes. Weighted bivariate, stepwise linear, and binary logistic regression analyses were conducted to examine correlates of A1C, weight change, weight loss attempt and behavior, diabetes screening, and physical activity. Results Hyperglycemia unawareness was associated with increased A1C and weight gain in the past year. Personal weight loss goal and perception of overweight increased the odds of weight loss attempt. Depressive symptoms were associated with weight gain over the past year. A third of the sample failed to have their glucose tested in the past 3 years. Two-thirds were never told about their personal risk for diabetes, but provider communication increased the odds of meeting weekly activity recommendations and glucose screening. Hispanic women and non-Hispanic black women were less likely to have had glucose screening than non-Hispanic white women. Conclusion Diabetes educators should address gaps in provider communication, while supporting psychosocial needs and reducing disparities to encourage health-protective behavior after GDM. The American Association of Diabetes Educators, 7 Self-Care Behaviors (AADE-7TM) provides an excellent framework for interventions to support health-protective behavior after GDM.
Analysis of conversion to thoracotomy during thoracoscopic lung resection
Authors: Matsuoka Katsunari , Yamada Tetsu , Matsuoka Takahisa , Nagai Shinjiro , Ueda Mitsuhiro , Miyamoto Yoshihiro 
Published: May 2019

Background Video-assisted thoracoscopic surgery has been widely adopted. However, conversion to open thoracotomy is still necessary when intraoperative complications are encountered. Methods Between January 2009 and December 2014, 1566 patients underwent anatomical lung resection for lung cancer using video-assisted thoracoscopic surgery at our institution. Among these patients, 39 required conversion to open thoracotomy. We retrospectively examined the current status of conversion to thoracotomy during video-assisted thoracoscopic surgery in a single city hospital. Data were compared with those of 89 patients undergoing a scheduled thoracotomy. Results The main reason for conversion was the need for angioplasty for pulmonary artery invasion by silicotic lymph nodes (12 cases), and metastatic lymph nodes or tumors (9 cases). Univariate analysis demonstrated that the risk factors for conversion were male sex, smoking habit, induction therapy, large tumor size, and advanced stage. Multivariate analysis showed that advanced clinical stage was the only significant predictor of intraoperative conversion. Compared to the video-assisted thoracoscopic surgery group, mortality and morbidity in the conversion group were significantly higher, but there was no significant difference in mortality or morbidity between the conversion and scheduled thoracotomy groups. The conversion group showed a significantly higher rate of lethal acute exacerbation of interstitial pneumonitis than the video-assisted thoracoscopic surgery group. Conclusion The main reason for conversion was angioplasty, and advanced clinical stage was a significant predictor of intraoperative conversion. Conversion was safely performed but postoperative complications, although similar in frequency to scheduled thoracotomy cases, were more frequent than those in thoracoscopic surgery cases.
Effect of montelukast combined with methylprednisolone for the treatment of mycoplasma pneumonia
Authors: Wu Hongtu , Ding Xian , Zhao Deyu , Liang Yong , Ji Wei 
Published: May 2019

Objective To study the effect of the leukotriene receptor agonist montelukast combined with methylprednisolone on inflammatory response and peripheral blood lymphocyte subset content in children with mycoplasma pneumonia. Methods Seventy-four children were enrolled and randomly divided into a standard treatment group and a montelukast plus methylprednisolone group. Serum levels of inflammatory cytokines and corresponding cytokines of T lymphocyte subsets were measured, and peripheral blood was collected to determine the T cell subset content. Results At 3 days and 7 days after treatment, serum MCP-1, PCT, ICAM-1, CXCL8, CRP, IFN-γ, and IL-17 levels and peripheral blood Th1 and Th17 content were significantly decreased in both groups, while serum IL-4 and TGF-β levels and peripheral blood Treg and Th2 content were significantly increased. However, serum MCP-1, PCT, ICAM-1, CXCL8, CRP, IFN-γ, and IL-17 levels and peripheral blood Th1 and Th17 content were significantly lower while serum IL-4 and TGF-β levels and peripheral blood Treg and Th2 content were significantly higher in the montelukast plus methylprednisolone group compared with the control group. Conclusion Montelukast combined with methylprednisolone for the treatment of mycoplasma pneumonia can inhibit inflammatory responses and regulate levels of Th1/Th2 and Th17/Treg cells.
Strengthening long-term job performance: The moderating roles of sense of responsibility and leader’s support
Authors: Lin Chieh-Peng , Tsai Meng-Keng 
Published: May 2019

Drawing upon human capital theory and attachment theory, this study develops a research model that examines how on-the-job training (OJT) effectiveness and work engagement play key mediating roles in the development of job performance. In the proposed model, job performance is indirectly influenced by cultural learning, professional learning, and mentorship learning via the full mediation of OJT effectiveness. At the same time, job performance is also influenced by social interaction, leader support, and self-efficacy via the full mediation of work engagement. Employees’ sense of responsibility and leader support both play moderating roles in the research model. The hypotheses were empirically tested using both primary data from a survey on new employees of a leading financial holding company in Taiwan’s banking industry and secondary data from the company’s database of human resource management (HRM) regarding the training and education of the new employees. JEL Classification: D23, M53, O15
C.D.H. in the Pre- and Post-Sonographic Era
Authors: Bombelli R. , Tschauner Ch. , Bombelli M. 
Published: May 2019

The young generation of orthopedic Surgeons, entering the sonographic era, are more aware of the importance of the early diagnosis of hip development dysplasia (D.D.H.). In time, probably during the next decades, D.D.H. sequelae will no longer be one of the most frequent reasons for surgical hip treatments. Early sonographic investigation indicates that about 41% of newborn hips still have not reached normal maturation at the time of birth (physiological immaturity) and 0.66% of dislocatable or dislocated hips elude pure clinical tests. Prevention and, when necessary, early treatment, which limit the suffering of both patients and parents, achieve first rate results and help contain costs for Society. However, for those cases detected later, either closed or open reposition-retention is still necessary. From the fundamental contributions of the past, we can now compare the results of the pre- and post-sonographic experience.
Intertrochanteric Corrective Osteotomy as a Joint-Saving Surgical Treatment for Femoral Head Necrosis
Authors: Berendsen B.J. , Wirth C.J. , Boom H.V.D. 
Published: May 2019

Forty-seven intertrochanteric osteotomies were performed in 9 years on 40 patients with femoral head necrosis in Arlet and Ficat stages II and III in the Orthopaedic Department of the Medical School, Hannover. With an average follow up of 5.9 years (minimum 2.3 years, maximum 9.3 years), the study shows only 46% of the patients with satisfactory, good and very good results. After the joint saving operation, 26% of treated patients with pre-operative employment went into premature retirement. The average postoperative non-working period was 11 months (7-18 months). Clinical Relevance The results after the joint-saving operation were better when the operation was performed at an early stage of the disease with only a small area of necrosis. Although the operation will not prevent a progression of necrosis and a secondary arthrosis, we recommend that the joint-saving operation be performed during stages I and II to prolong the period before a total hip joint replacement becomes necessary. During stage III a total hip joint replacement may be preferable depending on clinical symptoms, patient age and the radiological findings (necrosis angle > 180°).