bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Systemic quinpirole enhances tramadol analgesia in inflammatory pain, but not in neuropathic pain in male rats
Authors: Mercado Francisco , Segura‐Chama Pedro , Mercado‐Reyes Jonathan I. , Mújica Astrid A. , Coffeen Ulises , Pellicer Francisco , Almanza Angélica 
Published: November 2024

AbstractPain is a morbidity or comorbidity with a high incidence that significantly impacts the well‐being of patients. In this study, we evaluated the effects of systemic administration of tramadol, a weak mu‐opioid receptor (MOR) agonist, plus quinpirole (a D2‐like receptor agonist). The study was performed in naïve rats and in rats with induced inflammatory and neuropathic pain. To measure the antinociceptive effect of the drugs, thermonociceptive and mechanonociceptive stimuli were applied and the emotional aspects of pain were evaluated using conditional place preference (CPP) experiments.Systemic quinpirole produced an antinociceptive effect only in naïve male rats. In naïve female animals, a small but significant pronociceptive effect was observed following quinpirole application. Tramadol plus quinpirole in male animals reversed allodynia and hyperalgesia induced by inflammatory and neuropathic insults, which were not alleviated by either drug alone. CPP experiments revealed that systemic quinpirole plus tramadol treatment was effective only in an inflammatory pain model. To evaluate whether tolerance to the antinociceptive effect was prevented by the combination of the drugs, a repeated administration five‐day trial of tramadol plus quinpirole was evaluated under inflammatory pain conditions; quinpirole only slightly prevented the antinociceptive tolerance of MOR agonists.D2‐like agonists are effective adjuvants for treating painful conditions in combination with a low dose of MOR agonists. Our results could lead to an investigation of whether these dopaminergic drugs in combination with opioids might reduce the MOR agonist dose while obtaining a higher analgesic effect with fewer side effects in humans.
Voting in the Stock Market–Retail Investor Preferences During COVID‐19
Authors: Gautam Anil , Lepone Grace 
Published: November 2024

ABSTRACTUsing data from Robinhood, this study investigates retail investors' movement towards/from securities with different environmental, social and governance scores during the COVID‐19 pandemic. Although the number of retail investors holding securities with low environmental scores declined, the number holding high‐score securities remained steady. We also find heterogeneity in investors' reactions to different subcategory scores. The equal‐weighted buy‐and‐hold portfolio of high‐score securities did not outperform that of low‐score securities in either volatility or return, suggesting neither financial return nor risk drove retail investors' preference for high environmental score securities. Thus, such ‘voting’ by investment choice is independent of pecuniary indicators.
Institutional and Policy Changes for a Union of up to 36 Members
Authors: Mirel Pierre 
Published: November 2024

AbstractThis paper argues that the current accession process is not conducive to conditionality's effectiveness nor to EU public opinion acceptance. It pleads instead for a gradual process as the most effective means to ensure successful conditionality. As to the fundamentals, the paper suggests a reinforcement of conditionality, notably through increased budgetary support. Thirdly, it puts forward proposals to strengthen conflict resolution conditionality. Lastly, several suggestions are made for changes to the accession process along principles discussed in the report of the Group of Twelve on EU institutional reform (hereafter the Report). These issues are discussed around the nine principles established by the Report that should guide future enlargement strategies and their connection to EU reform.
Validity, reliability, and sensitivity to change of the Arabic version of the Migraine‐Specific Quality‐of‐Life Questionnaire after prophylactic treatment
Authors: Hussein Mona , Hassan Amr , Nada Mona A. F. , Mohammed Zeinab , Fathy Wael , Abdel Ghaffar Nawal F. , Kedah Hanaa , Magdy Rehab 
Published: November 2024

AbstractBackgroundThe Migraine‐Specific Quality‐of‐Life Questionnaire version 2.1 (MSQ 2.1) is one of the most frequently used tools in assessing the impact of migraine in clinical practice and in migraine research. This work aimed to examine the reliability and validity of the Arabic version of the MSQ 2.1 in Arabic‐speaking patients with migraine and to assess its ability to detect subtle changes in quality of life after receiving prophylactic migraine medications.MethodsThis multicenter prospective observational study was conducted with 140 patients experiencing migraine and indicated for prophylactic medications. Headache assessment was done at baseline and 3 months after receiving prophylactic medications using the Arabic version of MSQ 2.1, Headache Impact Test (HIT‐6), and visual analog scale (VAS). The MSQ 2.1 was repeated 1 week after the first visit to a group of patients (n = 70) to assess test–retest reliability.ResultsCronbach's alpha for the MSQ 2.1 was 0.973, indicating excellent internal consistency. The intraclass correlation coefficient (average measure) was 0.99, indicating excellent test–retest reliability. There were statistically significant correlations between the MSQ 2.1 total score and monthly migraine days, VAS, and HIT‐6 scores before and 3 months after prophylactic medications. The receiver operating characteristic curve revealed that an increase of 8.5 in the total score of the MSQ 2.1 represents the minimally important change that means significant improvement (area under the curve = 0.785, sensitivity = 0.861, specificity = 0.656, p < 0.001).ConclusionThe Arabic version of the MSQ 2.1 is a valid, reliable, and sensitive tool that can precisely assess the impact of migraine on quality of life.
Power in the courtroom: Judicial perspectives on care‐experienced girls and women in court
Authors: Fitzpatrick Claire , Hunter Katie , Staines Jo , Shaw Julie 
Published: November 2024

AbstractThis article focuses on rarely heard judicial perspectives, and the little explored challenges facing care‐experienced girls and women in court. Drawing on semi‐structured interviews with judges and magistrates, it reveals how the court process may be a disempowering and inadequate process for both the powerful and the powerless. Using the four elements of procedural justice as a lens to explore this – voice, trust, neutrality and respect – we highlight the immense challenges of achieving these goals for those with histories of being stigmatised and marginalised. In searching for solutions, the concept of ‘judicial rehabilitation’ enables consideration of how we might rehabilitate our systems and imagine a more hopeful approach to justice.
Profiles of the Future L2 Selves in Foreign Language Learning: Associations With Emotions, Willingness to Communicate, and Personality Traits
Authors: Zhang Cong , Meng Yiwen , Su Yonggang 
Published: November 2024

ABSTRACTThe future second language (L2) selves in the L2 motivational self‐system have been widely acknowledged as significant predictors of successful foreign language learning. Given the limitations of variable‐centered approaches prevailing in previous studies, the present study employed latent profile analysis, a classic person‐center approach, to identify distinct profiles of the future L2 selves, and the associations between profiles and emotions, willingness to communicate, and personality traits. Latent profile analysis based on data gathered from 840 Chinese postgraduates identified four profiles of the future L2 selves. They were named “low ought‐to L2 self and ideal L2 self”, “moderate‐low ought‐to L2 self and ideal L2 self”, “moderate ought‐to L2 self and ideal L2 self”, and “high ought‐to L2 self and ideal L2 self”. The analysis of variance (ANOVA) suggested that the four profiles differed in their foreign language enjoyment, foreign language anxiety, willingness to communicate, and Big Five personality traits except for neuroticism. This study offers valuable insights into differences in L2 future selves among Chinese English as a foreign language (EFL) postgraduates, emphasizing the need for individualized instructional approaches by teachers and teacher educators.
Changes in Fibrinogen and D‐Dimer During Complicated and Uncomplicated Pregnancy
Authors: Gong Chen , Jiang Hai , Su Yang , Yang Jing , Wei Yuan , Qiao Rui , Zhao Yangyu 
Published: November 2024

ABSTRACTIntroductionThe increase in fibrinogen levels is vital for the formation of a prothrombotic state during gestation to counter‐bleeding challenges at delivery. However, pregnancy complications characterized by systemic inflammatory response syndrome may consume fibrinogen, resulting in elevated D‐dimer levels.MethodsOur study is based on a total of 16 768 pregnant women who delivered between December 1, 2013, and December 1, 2018, to study fibrinogen and D‐dimer changes during gestation under normal and multiples of pathogenic states.ResultCompared with nonpregnant women (3.04[3.02–3.08]), pregnant women depicted higher fibrinogen levels throughout gestation (p < 0.001). In the uncomplicated group, fibrinogen levels increased throughout the first (3.28[3.26–3.29]), second (4.04[4.01–4.07]), and third trimesters (4.40[4.38–4.41]) but dropped at delivery (4.30[4.28–4.31]), similar to the changing pattern of the pregnancy‐related complication group and pre‐existing disorder group. Women with pregnancy‐related complications showed significantly higher mean fibrinogen levels throughout gestation (p < 0.001), except for placental abruption, where, it decreased from the third trimester and was lower than that of uncomplicated pregnancies (3.89[3.60–4.17] vs. 4.40 [4.38–4.41], p = 0.001). Among uncomplicated pregnancies, D‐dimer grew rapidly throughout the first trimester (0.09[0.06–0.15]), second trimester (0.28[0.19–0.40]), third trimester (0.51[0.36–0.78]), and delivery (0.70[0.47–1.03]).ConclusionWomen with pregnancy‐related complications and pre‐existing disorders shared similar changing patterns; however, the D‐dimer of women with placenta accreta presented higher levels than those with uncomplicated pregnancies since the first trimester. We concluded that fibrinogen levels are expected to increase steadily, but in patients with placental abruption, fibrinogen levels dropped during the third trimester. D‐dimer levels typically rise consistently throughout pregnancy, yet in patients with placenta accreta, they show abnormal elevation since an early stage of pregnancy.
Ethics in the Age of Algorithms: Unravelling the Impact of Algorithmic Unfairness on Data Analytics Recommendation Acceptance
Authors: Ghasemaghaei Maryam , Kordzadeh Nima 
Published: November 2024

ABSTRACTAlgorithms used in data analytics (DA) tools, particularly in high‐stakes contexts such as hiring and promotion, may yield unfair recommendations that deviate from merit‐based standards and adversely affect individuals. While significant research from fields such as machine learning and human–computer interaction (HCI) has advanced our understanding of algorithmic fairness, less is known about how managers in organisational contexts perceive and respond to unfair algorithmic recommendations, particularly in terms of individual‐level distributive fairness. This study focuses on job promotions to uncover how algorithmic unfairness impacts managers' perceived fairness and their subsequent acceptance of DA recommendations. Through an experimental study, we find that (1) algorithmic unfairness (against women) in promotion recommendations reduces managers' perceived distributive fairness, influencing their acceptance of these recommendations; (2) managers' trust in DA competency moderates the relationship between perceived fairness and DA recommendation acceptance; and (3) managers' moral identity moderates the impact of algorithmic unfairness on perceived fairness. These insights contribute to the existing literature by elucidating how perceived distributive fairness plays a critical role in managers' acceptance of unfair algorithmic outputs in job promotion contexts, highlighting the importance of trust and moral identity in these processes.
Age and Clinically Actionable Events in Patients With Implantable Loop Recorders: Analysis of Multicenter Loop Recorder Registry
Authors: Jeong Joo Hee , Lee So‐Ryoung , Oh Il‐Young , Cha Myung‐Jin , Lim Hong Euy , Park Hyoung‐Seob , Yang Pil‐Sung , Lee Sung Ho , Park Junbeom , Kim Ki‐Hun , Kim Jun‐Hyung , Uhm Jae‐Sun , Ahn Jin Hee , Ko Jumsuk , Kim Ju Youn , Shim Jaemin 
Published: November 2024

ABSTRACTIntroductionLittle is known about age and clinical intervention after implantable loop recorder (ILR) insertion. This study investigated the association between age and clinical intervention after ILR implantation.Methods and ResultsData were obtained from a multicenter registry of ILR in Korea (2017–2020, n = 795). ILRs were inserted with indications of unexplained syncope, recurrent palpitation, or cryptogenic stroke. The primary outcome was clinically actionable event that was a composite of the newly detected atrial fibrillation (AF), pacemaker or implantable cardioverter defibrillator (ICD) implantation, catheter ablation, and anticoagulation initiation. The mean age was 64.3 years, and the mean follow‐up duration was 20.6 months. Clinically actionable events were observed in 322 (40.5%) patients. Compared to younger age (< 50 years), older age (≥ 50 years) showed higher prevalence of newly detected AF (3.7% vs. 15.8%; p = 0.001), pacemaker implantation (11.2% vs. 21.2%; p = 0.022), and initiation of anticoagulation (3.7% vs. 18.6%; p < 0.001). No significant differences were found in ICD implantation (1.9% vs. 1.3%; p = 0.996) or catheter ablation (3.8% vs. 6.0%; p = 0.512). The older age group more frequently experienced clinically actionable events compared to the younger age group (hazard ratio 2.52, 95% confidence interval: 1.86–3.41; p < 0.001). A significant association was found in the increase of age (per 1‐year) and the risk of clinically actionable events (adjusted hazard ratio 1.03, 95% confidence interval 1.02–1.04; p < 0.001).ConclusionAdvanced age is a significant risk factor for clinical intervention after ILR insertion. ILR should be considered more actively in older patients requiring prolonged rhythm monitoring.
Connexin 43 Deficiency Confers Resistance to Immunotherapy in Lung Cancer via Inhibition of the Cyclic GMP‐AMP Synthase–Stimulator of Interferon Genes Pathway
Authors: Zhang Yuan , Gao Yu , Wang Jie , Tan Xiaoming , Liang Yusheng , Yu Weize , Deng Zihua , Zhou Jingjing , Ye Zu , Luo Guoqing 
Published: November 2024

ABSTRACTImmune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs), especially PD‐1 inhibitors, are among the first‐line therapeutic drugs for the treatment of advanced non‐small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). However, most patients are not sensitive to PD‐1 inhibitors, and prolonged exposure can lead to acquired resistance. Thus, it is urgent to elucidate the mechanism underlying the resistance of NSCLC to ICIs. Connexin 43 (Cx43) is a gap junction (GJ) protein that is important in therapeutic efficacy to ICIs. In this study, we observed that Cx43 in murine Lewis lung carcinoma (LLC) cells mediated cyclic GMP‐AMP (cGAMP) transfer to macrophages. Knockdown of Cx43 reduced T‐cell activation, leading to decreased sensitivity of LLC cells to anti‐PD‐1 therapy. The mechanism might be that knockdown of Cx43 in LLC cells promotes macrophages differentiation into pro‐tumour M2 type (TAM), thus activating the STING pathway in macrophages. These findings indicate that downregulation of Cx43 in LLC cells leads to immunotherapy resistance by negatively regulating the cGAS–STING pathway in macrophages. Therefore, Cx43/GJ‐mediated signal transmission between lung cancer cells and macrophages provides new insights for increasing immunotherapy sensitivity in NSCLC.
Unveiling Varied Cell Death Patterns in Lung Adenocarcinoma Prognosis and Immunotherapy Based on Single‐Cell Analysis and Machine Learning
Authors: Song Zipei , Zhang Weiran , Zhu Miaolin , Wang Yuheng , Zhou Dingye , Cao Xincen , Geng Xin , Zhou Shengzhe , Li Zhihua , Wei Ke , Chen Liang 
Published: November 2024

ABSTRACTProgrammed cell death (PCD) pathways hold significant influence in the etiology and progression of a variety of cancer forms, particularly offering promising prognostic markers and clues to drug sensitivity for lung adenocarcinoma (LUAD) patients. We employed single‐cell analysis to delve into the functional role of PCD within the tumour microenvironment (TME) of LUAD. Employing a machine learning framework, a PCD‐related signature (PCDS) was constructed utilising a comprehensive data set. The PCDS exhibited superior prognostic performance compared with the 140 previously established prognostic models for LUAD. Subsequently, patients were stratified into high‐risk and low‐risk groups based on their risk scores derived from the PCDS, with the high‐risk group exhibiting significantly lower overall survival (OS) rates than the low‐risk group. Furthermore, the risk subgroups were compared for differences in pathway enrichment, genomic alterations, tumour immune microenvironment (TIME), immunotherapy and drug sensitivity. The low‐risk group displayed a more inflamed TIME, potentially leading to a more favourable response to immunotherapy. For the high‐risk group, potential effective small molecule drugs were identified, and the drug sensitivity were evaluated. Immunohistochemistry and quantitative real‐time polymerase chain reaction assays (qRT‐PCR) confirmed notable upregulation of the expression levels of PCD‐associated genes MKI67, TYMS and LYPD3 in LUAD tissues. In vitro experimental findings demonstrated a marked decrease in the proliferative and migratory capacities of LUAD cells upon knockdown of MKI67. Conclusively, we successfully constructed the PCDS, providing important assistance for prognosis prediction and treatment optimisation of LUAD patients.
Burning Mouth Syndrome May Essentially Be Related To Psychoneuroimmunology: Mechanism Hypothesis
Authors: Mao Fei , Cai Luyao , Pan Dan , Huang Mei , Wang Qing , Chen Qianming , Ai Ruixue , Zhou Yu 
Published: November 2024

ABSTRACTBackgroundBurning mouth syndrome (BMS) is a chronic intraoral dysesthesia with elusive aetiology, only few studies have been carried out on immune function in BMS patients. We aimed to investigate the role immune function paly in the pathogenesis of BMS by psychoneuroimmunology (PNI).MethodWe recruited 44 BMS patients and 31 controls. We measured the anxiety and depression levels by the Zung’ Self‐rating Anxiety Scale (SAS) and Zung’ Self‐rating Depression Scale (SDS), respectively. Serological immunity included cellular immunity, humoral immunity and autoantibody. Visual analogue scale (VAS) was used to quantify pain levels. We used the Pearson correlation analysis to analyse the relationship between pain, psychology and immune function.ResultsBMS exhibited higher levels of anxiety and depression (***p < 0.001 for both). In BMS, the CD3+ cells, CD4+ cells were lower (*p = 0.028, 0.046 and 0.033, respectively), IgE and antinuclear antibody (ANA) was higher (*p = 0.035). The average VAS score among BMS was approximately 3.7. Pearson correlation analysis revealed positive correlations between VAS, SAS and SDS; negative correlations between these scores of VAS, SAS, SDS and the levels of CD3+ cells, CD4+ cells, CD8+ cells.ConclusionsBMS were more painful, anxious, depressive, and immunity dysfunction than controls. We proposed a mechanism hypothesis that the BMS may essentially be an immunological disease.
The association between sleep disturbance and nightmares: Temporal dynamics of nightmare occurrence and sleep architecture in the home
Authors: Balch John , Raider Rachel , Reed Chanel , McNamara Patrick 
Published: November 2024

SummaryWe collected measures of sleep architecture and nightmares from participants (N = 61) wearing the DREEM 3 headband across 2 weeks of data collection to test the hypothesis that there are bidirectional links between insomnia (measured as sleep disturbance) and nightmare events. Nightmares were predicted by increased sleep disturbance the night before the nightmare, but not on the same night or 2 nights before. We also found that nightmare occurrences did not predict increased sleep disturbance on the same night or the following 2 nights, rather nightmares predicted increased sleep disturbance at the between‐subjects level only. We suggest that nightmares are associated with an N3 sleep rebound on the night of the nightmare following a night of sleep disturbance.
Medication‐Related Osteonecrosis of the Jaw Caused by Drugs With Antiangiogenic Effects—What Should the Clinician Be Aware of and What Course of Treatment Can Be Applied? A Systematic Review of Case Series and Case Reports
Authors: de Oliveira Francisca Jennifer Duarte , Costa Moan Jéfter Fernandes , de Oliveira Costa Carla Samily , de Souza Lélia Batista 
Published: November 2024

ABSTRACTObjectiveThis systematic review aimed to summarise the most common drugs with antiangiogenic effects associated with MRONJ, the diseases that patients can present and discuss the appropriate course of treatment.Materials and MethodsPubMed, Web of Science, Scopus and Embase were screened for case reports up to February 2024. Two independent reviewers selected the articles in a two‐step selection, screening 1.327 articles. The final sample was composed of 32 articles.ResultsMost of the patients were male with a mean age of 58 years. Although the majority of patients had cancer, 20% were treated with drugs with antiangiogenic effects for other diseases. The lesions occurred mainly in the posterior mandible, with dental extraction associated in more than half of the cases. Antibiotic treatment was employed in most cases with amoxicillin and clavulanic acid, usually associated with 0.12% chlorhexidine or a 0.2% oral rinse. Bevacizumab was the medication most associated with the lesions (40%).ConclusionThe dental community needs to be aware of the new drugs that can cause MRONJ through antiangiogenic effects, given that new medications are being reported every day.