bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Depression, anxiety, and attachment among women hospitalized on an antepartum unit
Authors: Nagle-Yang Sarah , Phillips MacKenzie , Albaugh Avril , Zhao Lulu , Amin Jaina , Ahmad Erum , Hatters Friedman Susan 
Published: March 2019

Objective To examine the prevalence of depression, anxiety, attachment issues, and associated factors among pregnant women hospitalized on an antepartum unit. Method Ninety-eight women hospitalized on an antepartum unit reported demographic and social information and were evaluated with screening tools for depression, anxiety, and maternal–fetal attachment. Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics and logistical regression analysis. Results Over one third (36%) of participants screened at risk for depression. Almost half (47%) reported elevated state anxiety and over one third (37%) reported elevated trait anxiety. Depression and anxiety were frequently comorbid. Positive screens for depression and anxiety were associated with decreased maternal-fetal attachment. Those who screened at risk for depression and anxiety in this sample often had a personal or family history of depression or anxiety or a history of intimate partner victimization. Substance use was common among those with elevated anxiety. Only a minority (15%) of at-risk participants had been referred to mental health treatment. Conclusions Women hospitalized on antepartum units had an elevated risk of depression and anxiety. Depression and anxiety were strongly comorbid in this population. Screening efforts to increase detection of perinatal depression and anxiety are recommended on obstetrical antepartum units.
Characterization and predictive mechanisms of experimentally induced tension-type headache
Authors: Exposto Fernando Gustavo , Bendixen Karina H , Ernberg Malin , Bach Flemming Winther , Svensson Peter 
Published: March 2019

Objective Studies have shown it is possible to elicit a tension-type headache episode in 15 to 30% of healthy individuals following a tooth-clenching or stress-inducing task. Despite this, no studies have attempted to understand why some healthy individuals develop a headache episode while others do not. Methods The present randomized, single-blind, controlled study recruited 60 healthy participants who participated in a 30-minute tooth-clenching task and 10 participants who participated in a control task. Before the tasks, participants had their pericranial tenderness and pain modulation profiles (wind-up ratio and conditioned pain modulation) assessed. Two hours later, pericranial tenderness and pressure pain thresholds were assessed as well as any developing temporomandibular disorders. Pain diaries were kept for 24 hours to register any developing pain or headache. Results Participants with a decrease in pericranial tenderness after the tooth-clenching task were less likely to develop headache when compared to participants without. Pain modulation profiles could not predict who developed headache and who did not. Finally, no difference was found between groups for developing temporomandibular disorders. No difference in frequency of participants who developed headache was found between the tooth-clenching and the control task. Conclusions In conclusion, it was shown that increased pericranial tenderness was not required to trigger an episode of tension-type headache in healthy participants. Furthermore, pain modulation profiles could not predict who developed headache and who did not. Finally, activation of descending inhibitory pathways, as assessed by decreases in pericranial tenderness, was protective against the development of headache. These findings provide new insights into the pathophysiology of experimentally-induced tension-type headache.
Absence of Distinct Immunohistochemical Distribution of Annexin A5, C3b, C4d, and C5b-9 in Placentas From Patients With Antiphospholipid Antibodies, Preeclampsia, and Systemic Lupus Erythematosus
Authors: Matrai Cathleen E , Rand Jacob H , Baergen Rebecca N 
Published: March 2019

Introduction In pregnancy, the presence of preeclampsia (PEC), systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE), and/or antiphospholipid antibody syndrome (APLS) is characterized by poor obstetric outcomes, with potential adverse effects for both mother and fetus. Although the histopathologic changes observed in these entities have been well established, the pathogenic mediators associated with tissue injury are poorly understood. Methods Forty placentas were evaluated, including 10 patients with preeclampsia, 9 with SLE, 11 with APLS, and 10 disease-free controls. Each case was subjected to a panel of immunohistochemical markers including C3b, C4d, Annexin A5, and C5b-9. Staining was graded on intensity and distribution. Results C4d staining was distinctly different among disease groups and controls. Moreover, 6/10 PEC cases, 3/9 SLE cases, and 4/11 APLS cases showed at least focal staining for C4d. All controls were negative. Annexin A5 (AnxA5) staining showed intrinsic variability in all disease groups, while 10/10 controls showed diffuse, strong staining (2+ or 3+). C3b staining was heterogeneous among groups. Discussion Previously, antiphospholipid antibody (aPLA)-associated pregnancy complications have been thought to be a consequence of a unique aPLA-mediated pathogenic mechanism. However, the immunohistochemical similarity (increased complement and decreased AnxA5 staining) observed in placentas from patients with APLS, PEC, and SLE suggests that aPLA-associated pregnancy complications may reflect a more general autoimmune mechanism.
Development and validation of the Child Welfare Provider Stigma Inventory
Authors: Kennedy Stephanie C , Miller Carmella , Wilke Dina 
Published: March 2019

Summary An initial validation of the Child Welfare Provider Stigma Inventory is reported. The Child Welfare Provider Stigma Inventory assesses stigmas held by child welfare professionals toward clients on three domains: Attitudes, Behavior, and Coworker Influence. Methods Initial validation of the Child Welfare Provider Stigma Inventory was conducted with a sample of 360 child welfare professionals in Florida. Scale conceptualization and development, content validation, and construct validation measures are discussed. Findings Preliminary psychometrics indicated good model fit for a three factor multidimensional scale. Racial differences emerged and subgroup models were also validated. Reliabilities were moderate to strong; the global stratified α was .89. Evidence of construct validity supported hypotheses about the accuracy of underlying constructs. Conclusions The Child Welfare Provider Stigma Inventory appears to be a reliable and valid measure of provider stigma. Applications The Child Welfare Provider Stigma Inventory may be useful for agency climate assessment and quality improvement initiatives, as well as for in-service training and social work education.
Meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials that assess the efficacy of low-intensity shockwave therapy for the treatment of erectile dysfunction
Authors: Campbell Jeffrey D. , Trock Bruce J. , Oppenheim Adam R. , Anusionwu Ifeanyichukwu , Gor Ronak A. , Burnett Arthur L. 
Published: March 2019

Background: The aim of this study was to perform a meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials (RCTs) that evaluate the efficacy of low-intensity extracorporeal shock wave therapy (LiESWT) for the treatment of erectile dysfunction (ED). Materials and methods: A comprehensive search of PubMed, Medline, and Cochrane databases was performed from November 2005 to July 2018. RCTs evaluating efficacy of LiESWT in the treatment of ED were selected. The primary outcomes were the mean difference between treatment and sham patients in the International Index of Erectile Function-Erectile Function (IIEF-EF) domain score 1 month after treatment, and the mean change in IIEF-EF from baseline to 1 month post-treatment. The secondary analysis considered the percentage of men whose erectile hardness score (EHS) changed from <2 at baseline to >3 after treatment. All analyses used a random effects method to pool study-specific results. Results: A total of seven RCTs provided data for 607 patients. The mean IIEF-EF 1 month post-treatment ranged from 12.8 to 22.0 in the treatment group versus 8.17–16.43 in the sham group. The mean difference between the treatment and sham groups at the 1 month follow up was a statistically significant increase in IIEF-EF of 4.23 ( p = 0.012). Overall, five of the seven trials provided data on the proportion of patients with baseline EHS <2 who improved to EHS >3 at 1 month post-treatment. The proportions ranged from 3.5 to 90% in the treatment group versus 0–9% in the sham group and the pooled relative risk of EHS improvement for the treated versus sham group was 6.63 ( p = 0.0095). No significant adverse events were reported. Conclusions: This is the first meta-analysis that evaluates RCTs exploring LiESWT as a treatment modality strictly for ED. This therapeutic strategy appears to be well tolerated with short-term benefits. However further studies exploring specific treatment regimens and long-term outcomes are needed.
Profiling mental health professionals in relation to perceived interprofessional collaboration on teams
Authors: Ndibu Muntu Keba Kebe Nicolas , Chiocchio François , Bamvita Jean-Marie , Fleury Marie-Josée 
Published: March 2019

Objectives: This study aims at identifying profiles of mental health professionals based on individual, interactional, structural and professional role characteristics related to interprofessional collaboration. Methods: Mental health professionals ( N = 315) working in primary health care and specialized mental health teams in four Quebec local service networks completed a self-administered questionnaire eliciting information on individual, interactional, structural and professional role characteristics. Results: Cluster analysis identified four profiles of mental health professionals. Those with the highest interprofessional collaboration scores comprised two profiles labeled “highly collaborative female professionals with fewer conflicts and more knowledge sharing and integration” and “highly collaborative male professionals with fewer conflicts, more participation in decision-making and mutual trust.” By contrast, the profile labeled “slightly collaborative professionals with high seniority, many conflicts and less knowledge integration and mutual trust” had the lowest interprofessional collaboration score. Another profile positioned between these groups was identified as “moderately collaborative female psychosocial professionals with less participation in decision-making.” Discussion and conclusion: Organizational support, participation in decision-making, knowledge sharing, knowledge integration, mutual trust, affective commitment toward the team, professional diversity and belief in the benefits of interdisciplinary collaboration were features associated with profiles where perceived interprofessional collaboration was higher. These team qualities should be strongly encouraged by mental health managers for improving interprofessional collaboration. Training is also needed to promote improvement in interprofessional collaboration competencies.
An unusual case of feline otitis externa due to sporotrichosis
Authors: Mascarenhas Mariana Bezerra , Botelho Cristiane Bazaga , Manier Bruna Sampaio Martins Land , Costa Thiago Souza , Fernandes Julio Israel 
Published: March 2019

Case summary It is described a case of a 10-month-old female mixed-breed cat with left ear discharge of approximately 6 days’ duration prior to the admission. Secretions were collected from both ears using a sterile swab for cytological and mycological analysis. A pyogranulomatous inflammatory infiltrate (predominantly characterized by the presence of neutrophils and macrophages) with the presence of cocci, rods and many yeast-like structures were seen on cytological analysis; the fungal culture confirmed the presence of the Sporothrix schenckii complex. Upon diagnosis of fungal otitis due to the S schenckii complex, treatment with oral itraconazole was administered. After 4 weeks of treatment, no S schenckii complex colonies were isolated, and clinical recovery had occurred. Relevance and novel information Although rare, clinicians must be aware of atypical presentations of sporotrichosis, as in this case of external otitis. This is of clinical relevance because this infection has been reported in several countries and is defined as a zoonotic disease.
THE ASSOCIATION OF HISTORY OF CONCUSSION WITH BASELINE SCORES ON THE SPORT CONCUSSION ASSESSMENT TOOL (SCAT5) IN HIGH SCHOOL RUGBY PLAYERS
Authors: Black Amanda M. , Miutz Lauren N. , Eliason Paul H. , Schneider Kathryn , Yeates Keith O. , Emery Carolyn A. 
Published: March 2019

Background: The Sport Concussion Assessment Tool 5 (SCAT5) is a standardized instrument designed to assist with the clinical and sideline assessment of concussion. Following the 5th International Conference on Concussion in Sport in 2016, the SCAT5 was released. Compared to the previous version (SCAT3), the SCAT5 includes more detailed instructions regarding the symptom checklist and a 10-word list in the immediate memory section to diminish ceiling effects. This study aims to examine the association between having a previous history of concussion and SCAT5 scores in high school rugby players. A second objective is to provide reference values for healthy rugby players for the SCAT5, including typical scores on immediate memory using the 10-word list. Methods: High school rugby players (ages 15-18) from Calgary, Alberta participating in the 2018 high school rugby season (n=388, male=212, female=176) were recruited to a cohort study and asked to complete a baseline SCAT5 assessment administered by trained research assistants at the beginning of the playing season. Outcome measures included baseline symptom evaluation (/22 symptoms)], self-reported rating of percentage of normal (100% perfectly normal) felt at time of testing, immediate memory score using a 10-word list [/30)], digits backward (/4), delayed word memory (/10), and modified Balance Error Scoring System [BESS (/30)]. Players also completed a preseason demographic questionnaire, which assessed their history of concussion. Results: A total of 237/388 (61.08%) rugby players reported no history of concussion (NC) and 151/388 (38.92%) reported at least 1 previous concussion (PC). Ninety of the 212 males (42.45%) and 61 of the 176 females (34.66%) reported a history of previous concussion. Median SCAT5 symptom score was 6 (range; 0-21) for NC and 7 (0-22) for PC groups. At the time of baseline testing, only 30.51% of NC players and 21.85% of PC players reported feeling 100% of normal. Median total scores on the immediate memory score (/30) were 21 (range; 9-28) for NC and 21 (range; 9-29) for PC. Median total score on digits backward (/4) was 3 (range; 0-4) and the delayed memory score (/10) was 7 (range; 0-20), for both NC and PC groups. Median total errors made on the BESS were 4 (range; 0-20) for NC players and 5 (range; 0-17) for PC players. Conclusions: Players with and without a previous history of concussion obtained similar scores on all components of the SCAT5 at baseline. Many high school rugby players did not report feeling 100% of normal during typical baseline testing sessions. The addition of the 10-word list option in the immediate and delayed memory section reduces the likelihood of a ceiling effect. This study informs the use and interpretation of the SCAT5 in high school rugby players.
RACE INDEPENDENTLY PREDICTS UNSUCCESSFUL HEALING OF OSTEOCHONDRITIS DISSECANS IN THE PEDIATRIC KNEE
Authors: Gandhi Jigar S. , Ganley Theodore J. 
Published: March 2019

BACKGROUND: Previous studies have reported disparities in medical and surgical care along the lines of race and socioeconomic status. The purpose of this study is to evaluate the impact of these factors on successful or unsuccessful healing of juvenile osteochondritis dissecans (OCD) lesions in the knee. METHODS: We retrospectively reviewed patients younger than 18 years that were treated for a knee OCD lesion at our urban, tertiary children’s hospital between 2006 and 2017. Demographic data included patient-reported race, median household income for the patient’s zip code, and insurance status. We also collected information regarding clinical history, imaging, treatment course, and post-treatment outcomes. The primary outcome of interest was healing of the OCD lesion based on radiographic and clinical examination. Univariate analysis was followed by purposeful entry multivariate regression to control for confounders. RESULTS: A total of 205 children with mean follow-up of 15.8 ± 6.5 months were included in the analysis. The mean age was 12.4 ± 2.8 years and 145 (71%) were male. At their most recent follow-up, 28 subjects (13.7%) did not show radiographic or clinical evidence of healing. In univariate analysis, non-healing lesions were found in 25% of black children compared to 9.4% of white children (p=0.02). There was no difference in insurance status or median household income between patients who successfully and unsuccessfully healed their OCD lesion. After controlling for age, sex, sports participation, lesion size and stability, skeletal maturity, and operative vs. non-operative treatment in a multivariate model, black children had 6.7 times higher odds of unsuccessful healing compared to their white counterparts (95% CI 1.1, 41.7; p=0.04). CONCLUSION: In this study, black children with OCD of the knee were less likely to heal than white patients even when accounting for socioeconomic and other factors in a multivariate model.
RISK FACTORS PREVENTING RETURN TO BASELINE ACTIVITY LEVEL AFTER BANKART REPAIR
Authors: Aoyama Julien T. , Simmons Shawn , Young-Hamilton Tyrell , Horn Molly , Ramesh Siddhi , Wells Lawrence 
Published: March 2019

Background As sports specialization continues to grow amongst youth, the prevalence of shoulder instability continues to increase. Bankart repair exists as a primary method to combat these issues, yet a third or more of patients experience recurrent instability following surgery. Currently most studies examining Bankart repair look at surgical technique (open vs arthroscopic) and the original treatment employed; however, there has been a lack of research examining whether demographic, injury history, and perioperative risk factors exist as well. The purpose of this prognostic study was to examine Bankart repair in the pediatric population and identify a wider range of risk factors associated with poor functional outcomes. Methods We conducted a retrospective review of all patients who received Bankart repair between 01/01/2010 and 12/31/2015 at the Children’s Hospital of Philadelphia. A range of demographic, injury history, clinical exam, operative, and perioperative variables were abstracted to identify risk factors associated with limited functional outcome as defined by inability to return to baseline sport or activity. Chi square analyses were used to find significant associations between dichotomous variables, and point-biserial analyses were used to find strength of correlations for continuous variables. Results 118 patients were included with an average age of 15.92 ±2.11 at the time of surgery. The mean OR time was 206.98 ±55.88 minutes. Point-biserial correlations for total OR time, BMI, and age with inability to return to baseline sport or activity were 0.32, .09, and .04 respectively. Chi square analyses found no significant associations for prior non-operative treatment, sulcus sign, and insurance type. For individuals who presented with prior instability, 92/119 (77.3%) with and 27/119 (22.7%) without, this was significantly associated with inability to return to baseline sport or activity (p = 0.04). For presence of a Hill Sachs Lesion 70/145 (48.2%) had a lesion, 75/145 (51.8%) did not, and this was significantly associated as well (p = 0.02). For injury type, 71/98 (72.4%) were contact, 27/98 (27.6%) were noncontact, and this was significantly associated as well (p = 0.01). Conclusion Many clinicians have informally found in practice that certain patient characteristics seem to be associated with poor outcomes after Bankart repair. Here we find that a history of prior instability, Hill Sachs lesion presence, and a contact injury mechanism are significantly associated with inability to return to baseline sport or activity post-operatively. The risk factors identified here can be categorized into injury history risk factors and perioperative risk factors. Clinicians can use these identified risk factors to better inform patients receiving Bankart repair of their likelihood of returning to baseline sport or activity.
ACL GRAFT FAILURE IN PROFESSIONAL ATHLETES COMPARED TO THE PEDIATRIC POPULATION
Authors: Pandya Nirav K. , Feeley Brian , Lansdown Drew , Rubenstein William , Allahabadi Sachin 
Published: March 2019

BACKGROUND Re-tear rates in pediatric and adolescent patients undergoing ACL reconstruction are higher than the general adult population. This has been postulated to be due to many reasons; one of which is participation in high risk activities. Athletes in professional sports are at increased risk of re-injury as well with high activity levels and often face additional pressure to return to sports quickly. The purpose of the study was to analyze ACL re-tear rates across male professional sports leagues in athletes following ACL reconstruction and return to play at the professional level to determine if there are similarities with the pediatric and adolescent population. METHODS This descriptive epidemiological study involved a comprehensive online search to identify male athletes in the National Basketball Association (NBA), National Hockey League (NHL), and Major League Baseball (MLB) who had a reported ACL tear between 2007 and 2017. The search included these professional sports league databases, public injury databases, and sports news reports. Each player with an identified ACL tear was searched for history of additional ACL injury. Re-tear rate was calculated for each league. For each ACL tear, the laterality, player position, return to play (defined as playing at least one game in a major or minor league in that sport), and approximate time to re-tear (months) were documented. Mechanism of tear (contact vs. non-contact) was recorded when available for the initial tears and retears via news reports or available video. Fisher’s exact test was performed to evaluate differences amongst re-tear rates and ANOVA was used to evaluate differences in time to re-tear amongst the three leagues. RESULTS The total number of ACL tears identified was 109 and the total number of re-tears was 13, for a total re-tear rate of 11.9%. ACL re-tear rates by league did not statistically differ, and were as follows: MLB, 11.5%; NBA, 9.3%; and NHL, 15.0%. Average time to re-tear was also not significantly different and was 24.7 months for MLB, 31.8 months for NBA, and 26.0 months for NHL. Return to play rate after index surgery was 94%, whereas return to play after a revision procedure was 84.6%. Our prior published meta-analysis of pediatric and adolescent ACL reconstruction failure rates was 8.3%. CONCLUSIONS / SIGNIFICANCE The ACL re-tear rates in multiple male professional sports leagues are higher than those reported in large registry studies and similar to the ACL re-injury rates previously reported in the NFL (12.3%). These revision rates are also more similar to those reported for pediatric patients. Exposure to high-risk sporting activity is likely a primary cause of ACL re-tear. The cited rates of ACL re-tear may thus be interpreted as a ‘best-case scenario’ in athletes returning to the highest level of activity, and may help to explain the similar high re-tear rates in the pediatric and adolescent population. TABLES AND FIGURES [Figure: see text]