bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Quadriceps Strength Deficit at 6 Months After ACL Reconstruction Does Not Predict Return to Preinjury Sports Level
Authors: Novaretti João Victor , Franciozi Carlos Eduardo , Forgas Andrea , Sasaki Pedro Henrique , Ingham Sheila Jean McNeill , Abdalla Rene Jorge 
Published: February 2018

Background: There is a lack of literature-based objective criteria for return to sport after anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) injury. Establishing such objective criteria is crucial to improving return to sport after ACL reconstruction (ACLR). Hypotheses: Patients who return to their preinjury level of sport will have higher isokinetic, postural stability, and drop vertical jump test scores 6 months after surgery and greater patient satisfaction compared with those who did not. Additionally, quadriceps strength deficit cutoff values of 80% and 90% would differentiate patients who returned to preinjury sports level from those who did not. Study Design: Cohort study. Level of Evidence: Level 3. Methods: A retrospective search was conducted to identify all patients who underwent ACLR and completed isokinetic evaluation, postural stability analysis, and drop vertical jump testing at 6 months postoperatively. Patients were asked to complete 3 questionnaires at a minimum 1 year after surgery. Chi-square and logistic regression analyses were used for categorical dependent variables, while the Student t test, Pearson correlation, or analyses of variance with Bonferroni post hoc testing were used for continuous dependent variables. A post hoc power analysis was completed. Based on the results regarding correlations between return to preinjury level and all other variables, effect sizes from 0.24 to 3.03 were calculated. With these effect sizes, an alpha of 0.05 and sample size of 58, a power ranging from 0.15 to 0.94 was calculated. Results: The rates of return to preinjury level and to any sports activity were 53.4% and 84.4%. Those who were able to return to their preinjury level of sport (n = 33) showed significantly higher Lysholm (91.6 ± 9.7 vs 76.7 ± 15.4) and International Knee Documentation Committee (IKDC) (83.6 ± 10.6 vs 69.8 ± 14.6) values compared with those who were unable to return to their preinjury level of sport (n = 25) ( P < 0.001). No significant differences were found for the clinical evaluations between those who were and those who were not able to return at the same level for the clinical evaluations (isokinetic evaluation, postural stability, drop vertical jump test) ( P > 0.05). No significant differences were found when comparing quadriceps strength deficit with cutoff values of 80% and 90% for return to preinjury activity level (Tegner), Lysholm, and IKDC scores. Conclusion: Quadriceps strength deficit, regardless of cutoff value (80% or 90%), at 6 months after ACLR does not predict return to preinjury level of sport. Patients who returned to sport at their preinjury level were more satisfied with their reconstruction compared with those who did not. Clinical Relevance: Quadriceps strength deficit is not a reliable predictor of return to sports, and therefore it should not be used as the single criterion in such evaluations.
XRF and reflectance hyperspectral imaging on a 15th century illuminated manuscript: combining imaging and quantitative analysis to understand the artist’s technique
Authors: de Viguerie Laurence , Rochut Sophie , Alfeld Matthias , Walter Philippe , Astier Sophie , Gontero Valérie , Boulc’h Florence 
Published: February 2018

Abstract
We present here the combination of in situ non invasive techniques to investigate a precious 15th century illuminated manuscript of Petrarch’s work, De remediis utriusque fortunae held in the Méjanes library in Aix-en-Provence (France). X-Ray fluorescence spectroscopy, mapping and point analysis, and visible reflectance hyperspectral imaging allow an unprecedented analysis of this manuscript. They provide new clues for its attribution by revealing a partly hidden coat of arms and describing the illuminator’s palette and techniques in detail. We reveal the identity of the first possessor of this manuscript, Tanguy IV du Châtel, known as a 15th century bibliophile close to Louis XI. This information is a further element contributing to the attribution of the richly illuminated folio 6 of this manuscript to François Le Barbier. Pigments and dyes used for this folio have been investigated with particular emphasis on the study of the superimposed colours thus providing a better understanding of the artist’s technique and know-how.
The Migration of Caudally Threaded Thoracic Epidural Catheters in Neonates and Infants
Authors: Simpao Allan F. , Gálvez Jorge A. , Wartman Elicia C. , England W. Randall , Wu Lezhou , Rehman Mohamed A. , Ngo Thienkim V. 
Published: February 2018

BACKGROUND:
The migration of pediatric thoracic epidural catheters via a thoracic insertion site has been described. We assessed the migration of caudally threaded thoracic epidural catheters in neonates and infants at our institution.

METHODS:
The anesthesia records and diagnostic imaging studies of neonates and infants who had caudal epidural catheters placed during a 26-month period at our hospital were analyzed. Imaging studies were reviewed for changes in epidural catheter tip position.

RESULTS:
Eighty-five patients 1–325 days of age (median, 51 days; interquartile range, 39–78 days) and weights of 2.5–9.5 kg (median, 5 kg; interquartile range, 4.3–5.8 kg) met the study criteria. Fifty-four (64%) of the patients (95% CI, 52%–73%) experienced catheter migration of 1 or more vertebral levels (range, 3 levels caudad [outward] to 3 levels cephalad [inward]), and 23 (27%) of the patients (95% CI, 18%–38%) experienced catheter migration to the T4 level or higher. Migration of 2 or more vertebral levels occurred only in children who weighed <6 kg and were under 73 days of age.

CONCLUSIONS:
Epidural catheter migration occurs commonly in neonates and infants. Postoperative imaging is crucial to confirm catheter tip location after epidural catheter placement, as failure to assess catheter migration might result in suboptimal analgesia or other undesirable outcomes.
Development and Initial Evaluation of a Novel, Ultraportable, Virtual Reality Bronchoscopy Simulator: The Computer Airway Simulation System
Authors: Casso Gabriele , Schoettker Patrick , Savoldelli Georges L. , Azzola Andrea , Cassina Tiziano 
Published: February 2018

BACKGROUND:
Virtual reality (VR) simulation is an effective and safe method of teaching bronchoscopic skills. Few VR bronchoscopy simulators exist; all are expensive. The present study aimed to describe the design, development, and evaluation of a new, affordable, VR bronchoscopy simulator.

METHODS:
Anesthesiologists and engineers collaborated to design and develop the Computer Airway Simulation System (CASS), an iPad-based, high-fidelity, VR bronchoscopy simulator. We describe hardware and software development, as well as the technical and teaching features of the CASS. Twenty-two senior anesthesiologists evaluated various aspects of the simulator (using a 5-point Likert scale) to assess its face validity.

RESULTS:
Anesthesiologists performed a simulated bronchoscopy (mouth to carina) with a median (range) procedural time of 66 seconds (30–96). The simulator’s ease of use was rated 4.3 ± 0.8 and the bronchoscope proxy’s handling 4.0 ± 0.7. Criticisms included that excessive system reactivity created handling difficulties. Anatomical accuracy, 3-dimensional bronchial segmentation, and mucosal texture were judged to be very realistic. The simulator’s usefulness for teaching and its educational value were highly rated (4.9 ± 0.3 and 4.8 ± 0.4, respectively).

CONCLUSIONS:
We describe the design, development, and initial evaluation of the CASS—a new, ultraportable, affordable, VR bronchoscopy simulator. The simulator’s face validity was supported by excellent assessments from senior anesthesiologists with regard to anatomical realism, quality of graphics, and handling performance, even though some future refinements are required. All the practitioners agreed on the significant educational potential of the CASS.
The value of multi ultra high-b-value DWI in grading cerebral astrocytomas and its association with aquaporin-4
Authors: Tan Yan , Zhang Hui , Wang Xiao-chun , Qin Jiang-bo , Wang Le 
Published: February 2018

Objective:
To investigate the value of multi-ultrahigh-b-value diffusion-weighted imaging (UHBV-DWI) in differentiating high-grade astrocytomas (HGAs) from low-grade astrocytomas (LGAs), analyze its association with aquaporin (AQP) expression.

Methods:
40 astrocytomas divided into LGAs (N = 15) and HGAs (N = 25) were studied. Apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC) and UHBV-ADC values in solid parts and peritumoral edema were compared between LGAs and HGAs groups by the t-test. Using receiver operating characteristic curves to identify the better parameter. Using real time polymerase chain reaction to assess AQP messenger ribonucleic acid (mRNA). Using spearman correlation analysis to assess the correlation of AQP mRNA with each parameter.

Results:
ADC values in solid parts of HGAs were significantly lower than LGAs (p = 0.02), while UHBV-ADC values of HGAs were significantly higher than LGAs (p &lt; 0.01). Area under the curve (AUC) of UHBV-ADC (0.810) was larger than ADC (0.713), and the area under the curve of UHBV-ADC was significantly higher than that of ADC (p = 0.041). AQP4 mRNA was significantly higher in HGAs than that in LGAs (p &lt; 0.01); there was less AQP9 mRNA and no AQP1 mRNA in LGAs and HGAs groups (p &gt; 0.05); ADC value showed a negative correlation with AQP4 mRNA (r = −0.357; p = 0.024). UHBV-ADC value positively correlated with the AQP4 mRNA (r = 0.646; p &lt; 0.01).

Conclusion:
UHBV-DWI allowed for a more accurate grading of cerebral astrocytoma than DWI, and UHBV-ADC value may be related with the AQP4 mRNA levels. UHBV-DWI could be of value in the assessment of astrocytoma.

Advances in knowledge:
UHBV-DWI generated by multi UHBV could have particular value for astrocytoma grading, and the level of AQP4 mRNA might be potentially linked to the change of UHBV-DWI parameter, and we might find the exact reason for the difference of UHBV-ADC between the LGAs and HGAs.
Biochemical and clinical characterization of metabolic phenotypes: a cross-sectional study from Maracaibo city, Venezuela
Authors: Bermudez Valmore , Rojas Joselyn , Salazar Juan , Martinez Maria Sofia , Olivar Luis Carlos , Calvo Maria Jose , Mindiola Andres , Añez Roberto , Wilches-Duran Sandra , Cerda Marcos , Graterol Modesto , Graterol Rosemily , Hernandez Juan Diego , Garicano Carlos , Velasco Manuel 
Published: February 2018

Background:In 1980, Reuben Andresen observed that in certain individuals, obesity did not increase mortality, introducing an atypical phenotype called “healthy obese”. Other studies reported that 10-15 % of lean individuals presented insulin resistance, hyperglycemia and dyslipidemia. The objective of this study was to evaluate biochemical and clinical characteristics of metabolic phenotypes in Maracaibo city.Methods:A descriptive, cross-sectional study with a randomized multistage sampling was performed including 1226 non diabetic individuals from both sexes. For phenotype definition, the subjects were first classified according to their BMI into Normal-Weight, Overweight and Obese; then divided in metabolically healthy and unhealthy using a two-step analysis cluster. To evaluate the relationship with coronary risk, a multiple logistic regression model was performed.Results:In the studied population, 5.2% (n=64) corresponded to unhealthy lean subjects, and 17.4% (n=217) to healthy obese subjects. Metabolically unhealthy normal-weight (MUNW) phenotype was found in males in 53.3% in contrast to 51.3% of metabolically unhealthy obese (MUO) phenotype found in females. An association between metabolically unhealthy phenotypes and a higher risk of a coronary event was found, especially for obese individuals (MHO: OR=1.85 CI95%: 1.11-3.09; p=0.02 and MUO: OR=2.09 CI95%: 1.34-3.28; p<0.01).Conclusion:Individuals with atypical metabolic phenotypes exist in Maracaibo city. Related factors may include insulin resistance, basal glucose levels, and triglycerides levels. Lastly, cardiovascular risk exhibited by healthy obese individuals should be classified in categories of major coronary risk related to lean subjects.
Hartmann’s procedure, reversal and rate of stoma-free survival
Authors: Hallam S , Mothe BS , Tirumulaju RMR 
Published: February 2018

Background Hartmann’s procedure is a commonly performed operation for complicated left colon diverticulitis or malignancy. The timing for reversal of Hartmann’s is not well defined as it is technically challenging and carries a high complication rate. Methods This study is a retrospective audit of all patients who underwent Hartmann’s procedure between 2008 and 2014. Reversal of Hartmann’s rate, timing, American Society of Anesthesiologists grade, length of stay and complications (Clavien–Dindo) including 30-day mortality were recorded. Results Hartmann’s procedure (n = 228) indications were complicated diverticular disease 44% (n = 100), malignancy 32% (n = 74) and other causes 24%, (n = 56). Reversal of Hartmann’s rate was 47% (n = 108). Median age of patients was 58 years (range 21–84 years), American Society of Anesthesiologists grade 2 (range 1–4), length of stay was eight days (range 2–42 days). Median time to reversal of Hartmann’s was 11 months (range 4–96 months). The overall complication rate from reversal of Hartmann’s was 21%; 3.7% had a major complication of IIIa or above including three anastomotic leaks and one deep wound dehiscence. Failure of reversal and permanent stoma was less than 1% (n = 2). Thirty-day mortality following Hartmann’s procedure was 7% (n = 15). Where Hartmann’s procedure wass not reversed, for 30% (n = 31) this was the patient’s choice and 70% (n = 74) were either high risk or unfit. Conclusions Hartmann’s procedure is reversed less frequently than thought and consented for. Only 46% of Hartmann’s procedures were stoma free at the end of the audit period. The anastomotic complication rate of 1% is also low for reversal of Hartmann’s procedure in this study.
Agricultural revelation: Land, labour and voice in three films about Laxton
Authors: James David E. 
Published: February 2018

Abstract
The Nottinghamshire village of Laxton is unique in that only there has survived the common, or open-field system of farming, with its substantial elements of community participation and control. By the early twentieth century, public recognition of its historical significance facilitated attempts to preserve it. At three moments when the open-field system was critically endangered – in 1935, 1975 and 1981– documentary film-makers made the case for its importance. The utopian vision of these films becomes newly pertinent as Brexit now precipitates a new crisis for the village.
A cinema of sentience: The simian gaze in Godfrey Reggio’s Visitors
Authors: Schultz Corey Kai Nelson 
Published: February 2018

Abstract
This article analyses the moving portraits and the gazes of a female lowland gorilla named Triska in the film Visitors (Reggio, 2013). By examining the formal qualities of her filmic portrayal and the biological and emotional affects that portraits and gazes potentially have on the human viewer, I propose that Triska’s gazes create a ‘cinema of sentience’ that not only represent Triska as a sentient being, but affect an awareness of her sentience and subjectivity. I argue that Reggio’s filmic portraits of Triska do not position the viewer as superior to her – our gazes do not conquer or consumer her, and they do not sentimentalise her – rather, her gazes serve to equalise her for the viewer at the level of representation and affect by encouraging the audience to experience a sense of affective empathy for the gorilla and her subjectivity, and to feel the sentience of the non-human other. In the filmic encounters with Triska, humans become aware of both their humanity and their animality, producing affective moments where biology and philosophy collide – an affective encounter that questions our cognitive philosophical assumptions about what it means to be human and what it means to be animal and simian.
High art cinema: The artist’s feature film
Authors: Zavrl Nace 
Published: February 2018

Abstract
This article examines the recent wave of feature-length film productions directed by visual artists. Financed largely by public art institutions and state cinema funds, the ‘artist’s feature film’ is a phenomenon unique to the past fifteen years; although precedents can be found in the American art scene of the 1990s, the contemporary trend of artists’ feature production gestures towards something different and more specific. Defined by a ‘crossover’ ambition to reach audiences both in cinema and in contemporary art, and circulating largely through channels of mainstream and arthouse cinema, the artist’s feature mobilises its high-cultural stature as a key selling point during promotion to film and art crowds alike. It signals the artist’s transition into the film business – not with the aim of challenging its methods and mechanisms, but to participate in them. Concluding with an analysis of the vexed reception in the popular press of Douglas Gordon and Philippe Parreno’s Zidane: A 21st Century Portrait (2006), the article suggests that artists’ features do not come without their contradictions and ambivalence.
KERAGAMAN M1 TANAMAN HIAS BUNGA MATAHARI (Helianthus annuus L.) AKIBAT IRADIASI SINAR GAMMA
Authors: Monikasari Intan Novela Setya , Anwar Syaiful , Kristanto Budi Adi 
Published: February 2018

ABSTRACT The purpose of the research was to obtain the morphological variability of M1 sunflower ornamental plant and information of lethal doses (LD50) effect of mutation by gamma ray irradiation. The research was arranged in monofactor experimental with Completely Randomized Design (RAL) with 5 treatments and 5 replication, each replication consisted of 5 sunflower seeds was irradiated by gamma ray of 0, 5, 25, 45, and 65 Gy. The data observed were analyzed by anova and followed with BNT of 5% level. Parameters observed included germination, plant height, stem diameter, tube flower diameter, tape flower diameter, initiation time, perfect bloom age, chlorophyll, ribbon flower number, seed number, total seed weight, weight of 100 seeds, LD50, Flower color and heritability. The result showed that irradiation significant effected to plant height, stem diameter, tube flower diameter, ribbon flower diameter, initiation time, seeds number, seed weight, weight of 100 seeds. Lethal doses of sunflower is 74,19 Gy. Heritability value range from 23,47 to 73,81%.Keywords : Helianthus annus L., irradiation, LD50, heritability
Respon beberapa varietas Kedelai (Glycine max L. Merr) terhadap tingkat salinitas air penyiraman
Authors: Yunita Sheila Rahma , Sutarno Sutarno , Fuskhah Eny 
Published: February 2018

The objective of this research was to study the hardiness of several soybean varieties to different levels of salinity water and to find out the effect of salinity on soybean growth and production. This research was conducted in Greenhouse and Laboratory of Ecology and Plant Production at Faculty of Animal and Agricultural Sciences, Diponegoro University from February to May 2017. The research was arranged using completely randomized factorial design with the first factor was soybean varieties (Dering 1, Demas 2, and Devon 3) and the second factor was water salinity level (0 dS/m, 3 dS/m, 6 dS/m and 9 dS/m). The result showed that the treatment of 3 dS/m water salinity level did not affect at plant height and number of leaves until 4th week. However salinity of 6 and 9 dS/m decreased the height and number of leaves from all varieties. Salinity level of 3, 6 and 9 dS/m decreased the number of pod, weight of pod and 100 seeds weight from all verieties. Dering 1 yielded 100 seeds weight heavier than Demas 1 and Devon 1.Keywords : growth, production, salinity, soybean.
A Review on Functionally Gradient Materials (FGMs) and Their Applications
Authors: Sai B.V. Himasekhar 
Published: February 2018

Functionally gradient materials (FGM) are innovative materials in which final properties varies gradually with dimensions. It is the recent development in traditional composite materials which retains their strengths and eliminates their weaknesses. It can be formed by varying chemical composition, microstructure or design attributes from one end to other as per requirement. This feature allows FGM to have best material properties in required quantities only where it is needed. In this study, an overview of fabrication processes, area of application, some recent research studies and the need to focus more research effort on improving the most promising FGM fabrication method (solid freeform SFF and Friction Stir Welding) is presented. Improving the performance of SFF and Friction Stir Processing processes and extensive studies on material characterization on components produced will go a long way in bringing down the manufacturing cost of FGM and increase productivity in this regard. Applications of FGM, Functionally graded material, Material characterization of FGM, Processing technique of FGM
A Prospective Randomised Comparative Study between Clip Less Versus Conventional Laparoscopic Cholecystectomy
Authors: Praveen Pallem , Ranga Ajmeera 
Published: February 2018

Introduction: For the surgical treatment of gall bladder diseases, laparoscopic Chole cystectomy has been accepted as
the gold standard. The minimally invasive procedure is undeniably superior in various respects when compared with
open surgery and this is also true on the aesthetic criteria when the conventional laparoscopic cholecystectomy (CLC) is
compared with the mini-laparoscopic cholecystectomy (MLC).
Objective: Evaluate the hospital charges associated with these procedures and specify the differences concerning these
techniques.
Method: Comparative and retrospective study of hospital charges, with 40 consecutive patients, who underwent
laparoscopic cholecystectomy.
There were two groups with 20 patients each. One group underwent conventional laparoscopic cholecystectomy and in
the other the minimally invasive approach was performed. The arithmetic mean was used to compare the total charges
for the entire procedures.
Results: The MLC procedures showed no significant difference in total hospital charges compared to the CLC approach.
Conclusion: The equivalence of hospital charges for the two procedures suggests that the mini-laparoscopic
cholecystectomy (MLC) should be widely recognized among surgeons as offering better aesthetic results the
conventional laparoscopic procedure. Studies comparing patient satisfaction with the surgical result, difference in postoperative
morbidity, pain, and recuperation for the two procedures are needed.

charges, surgery, laparoscopy, needlescopic instruments