bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Comparison of technical failure of MR elastography for measuring liver stiffness between gradient‐recalled echo and spin‐echo echo‐planar imaging: A systematic review and meta‐analysis
Authors: Kim Dong Wook , Kim So Yeon , Yoon Hee Mang , Kim Kyung Won , Byun Jae Ho 
Published: August 2019

BackgroundMagnetic resonance elastography (MRE) using a gradient‐recalled echo (GRE) or a recently available spin‐echo echo‐planar imaging (SE‐EPI) sequence is a promising noninvasive method for measuring liver stiffness. However, it sometimes fails to measure stiffness values, thereby resulting in technical failures.PurposeTo assess and compare technical failures of MRE for measuring liver stiffness between GRE and SE‐EPI sequences.Study TypeSystematic review and meta‐analysis.PopulationEight studies with both GRE and SE‐EPI, 22 studies with only GRE, one study with only SE‐EPI.Field Strength/SequenceEither 1.5 or 3T MRE using GRE and/or SE‐EPI.AssessmentThrough an Ovid‐MEDLINE and EMBASE database search, original articles investigating the proportion of MRE technical failures in the measurement of liver stiffness published up until October 2018 were screened and selected.Statistical AnalysisThe pooled proportions of technical failures under GRE and SE‐EPI were calculated using random‐effects meta‐analysis of single proportions and inverse variance for calculating weights. Subgroup analyses were performed to explore the covariates affecting heterogeneity. Head‐to‐head comparisons of technical failure between the sequences were conducted with eight MRE studies using both GRE and SE‐EPI.ResultsThe pooled proportion of technical failure under GRE MRE was 5.8% (95% confidence interval [CI], 4.6–7.4%), and a subgroup analysis showed higher technical failure rates at 3T than at 1.5T. The pooled proportion of technical failure under SE‐EPI MRE was 2.0% (95% CI, 1.3–3.4%), without significant differences (P = 0.38–0.89) being observed in the subgroup analyses. In the eight studies comparing the two sequences, failure was more frequently observed with GRE than with SE‐EPI (9.4% vs. 1.9%; P < 0.01).Data ConclusionMRE conducted with SE‐EPI sequences showed a lower technical failure rate than GRE sequences. With GRE sequences, a magnetic field of 3T was associated with higher technical failure rates than was 1.5T.Level of Evidence: 1Technical Efficacy Stage: 3J. Magn. Reson. Imaging 2020;51:1086–1102.
Summary of the 11th International Conference on Human Herpesviruses‐6A, ‐6B, and ‐7
Authors: Komaroff Anthony L. , Zerr Danielle M. , Flamand Louis 
Published: August 2019

AbstractThe 11th International Conference on Human Herpesviruses (HHV)‐6A, ‐6B, and ‐7 was held in Quebec City, from 23 to 26 June 2019. It attracted 144 basic, translational, and clinical scientists from 20 countries. Important new information was presented regarding: the mechanisms of chromosomal integration for HHV‐6A and ‐6B; the biology of inherited chromosomally integrated HHV‐6A and ‐6B; animal models for, and animal viruses with similarities to, HHV‐6A, ‐6B, and ‐7; established and possible disease associations, including provocative new information suggesting these viruses may be one trigger of Alzheimer's disease, and new treatment strategies. In this review, we summarize presentations that were of particular interest. The full text of the Abstracts cited in the manuscript is available in the online Supporting Information Materials.
Autogenous soft tissue grafting for periodontal and peri‐implant plastic surgical reconstruction
Authors: Zucchelli Giovanni , Tavelli Lorenzo , McGuire Michael K. , Rasperini Giulio , Feinberg Stephen E. , Wang Hom‐Lay , Giannobile William V. 
Published: August 2019

AbstractThis state‐of‐the‐art review presents the latest evidence and the current status of autogenous soft tissue grafting for soft tissue augmentation and recession coverage at teeth and dental implant sites. The indications and predictability of the free gingival graft and connective tissue graft (CTG) techniques are highlighted, together with their expected clinical and esthetic outcomes. CTGs can be harvested from the maxillary tuberosity or from palate with different approaches that can have an impact on graft quality and patient morbidity. The influence of CTGs on soft tissue thickness and keratinized tissue width are also discussed.
Impacts of oil and gas development on duck brood abundance
Authors: Kemink Kaylan M. , Gue C. Tanner , Loesch Charles R. , Cressey Ryann L. , Sieges Mason L. , Szymanski Michael L. 
Published: August 2019

ABSTRACTThe extraction of oil and natural gas from reserves in the Bakken Formation has increased from 2004 to 2017 in North Dakota and northeast Montana, USA. High development areas overlap substantially with wetlands and grasslands identified as high priority for waterfowl conservation in the Prairie Pothole Region. To test for anthropogenic disturbance on waterfowl brood abundance, we conducted repeat‐visit waterfowl brood surveys during 2014–2017. We tested hypotheses about disturbance and brood abundance using hierarchical zero‐inflated Poisson models and a spatially and temporally explicit disturbance index within 3 radii (0.32 km, 0.64 km, 1.51 km). Model selection supported detection and abundance parameters that were consistent with previous research and suggested that brood abundance was higher in landscapes with high densities of small, shallow wetlands. Our analysis also demonstrated a negative relationship between abundance and the disturbance index for the smallest spatial radius (0.32 km); however, the effect size was small and predictions suggested that <1% of the broods in the sample population were affected. Considering this relatively weak negative relationship and the continued role of wetlands as the primary factor influencing brood abundance, we recommended that managers continue to focus conservation efforts in landscapes with high densities of small, unprotected wetlands, even in the presence of oil and gas development. © 2019 The Authors. Journal of Wildlife Management Published by Wiley Periodicals, Inc. on behalf of The Wildlife Society.
Swallowing Characteristics in Zenker's‐like Diverticulum After Anterior Cervical Spine Surgery
Authors: Dhar Shumon I. , Wegner Adam M. , Rodnoi Pope , Wuellner John C. , Mehdizadeh Omid B. , Shen Shih C. , Nachalon Yuval , Nativ‐Zeltzer Nogah , Klineberg Eric O. , Belafsky Peter C. 
Published: August 2019

ObjectivesA Zenker's diverticulum (ZD) is a hypopharyngeal pulsion diverticula caused by dysfunction of the cricopharyngeus muscle with herniation of hypopharyngeal mucosa through Killian's dehiscence. Anterior cervical spine surgery (ACSS) can cause a Zenker's‐like traction diverticulum (ZTD) with a similar presentation but different pathophysiology. The purpose of this investigation was to compare the fluoroscopic parameters and surgical outcomes of ZTD after ACSS to those of typical ZD.Study DesignCase‐control study.MethodsThe charts of patients undergoing a videofluoroscopic swallow study after ACSS between January 1, 2014, and January 1, 2018, were evaluated for evidence of ZTD. Patients with ZTD were age and gender matched to persons with ZD. Fluoroscopic parameters and patient‐reported outcomes were compared between groups.ResultsEleven patients with ZTD were identified. The mean pharyngeal constriction ratio (PCR) was significantly higher for persons with ZTD (0.87 [±0.07] vs. 0.17 [±0.08]; P < 0.05). Mean hyolaryngeal elevation was significantly less (2.5 [±0.9] cm vs. 3.5 [±0.7] cm) and mean diverticulum size significantly smaller (1.3 [±1.0] cm vs. 2.3 [±2.0] cm) for persons with ZTD (P < 0.05). Five ZTD patients had exposed hardware necessitating open approach for removal.ConclusionWe report the largest cohort of ZTD after ACSS. ZTD are smaller than traditional Zenker's and associated with more pharyngeal weakness, poorer laryngeal elevation, and worse treatment outcomes. Although these diverticula can be managed endoscopically, the high percentage of exposed cervical hardware necessitates a thorough preoperative assessment and frequent need for open management and pharyngeal repair.Level of Evidence3b Laryngoscope, 130:1383–1387, 2020
Improved tensile properties of basalt fibre reinforced polymer composites using silica nanoparticles
Authors: Hashim U.R. , Jumahat A. , Mahmud J. 
Published: August 2019

AbstractIn this study, the effect of silica nanoparticles as the reinforcing filler on the tensile response of basalt fibre reinforced polymer (BFRP) composite was investigated. A 40 wt.% nanosilica gel in epoxy was used to prepare a series of nanocomposites with 5 wt.%, 15 wt.% and 25 wt.% nanosilica. Static uniaxial tensile tests were conducted on the basalt fibre reinforced polymer composite to investigate the stress‐strain response of the unmodified and nanomodified composites. It was found that the incorporation of silica nanoparticles with high specific surface area improved the tensile properties of the basalt fibre reinforced polymer composite. The addition of silica nanoparticles in the composite shows significant improvement in tensile modulus with 6 %, 14 % and 19 % for 5 wt.%, 15 wt.% and 25 wt.% nanosilica content, respectively. The higher content of silica nanoparticles in the matrix increased the stiffness of the material as well as the strength of the basalt fibre reinforced polymer composite without reducing the failure strain.
A case of food supply chain management with AHP, DEMATEL, and TOPSIS
Authors: Ortiz‐Barrios Miguel , Miranda‐De la Hoz Carlos , López‐Meza Pedro , Petrillo Antonella , De Felice Fabio 
Published: August 2019

AbstractThe bullwhip effect leads to considerable inefficiencies along the food supply chain such as missed production schedules, poor customer service, excessive inventory, and misguided capacity plans. To tackle this problem, it is necessary, apart from other interventions, to continuously monitor the performance of food suppliers so that the demand information flow, order batching, transportation planning, and inventory management can be substantially improved. Therefore, supplier assessment has then become critical decision‐making support for identifying and addressing inefficiencies of food providers, which ends up reducing the variation of several key logistics parameters for upstream members of the food supply chain. In addition, such assessment is of multicriteria nature given the presence of several criteria from different domains and various food suppliers. With these considerations in mind, this paper proposes a hybrid approach integrating the analytic hierarchy process (AHP), decision‐making trial and evaluation laboratory (DEMATEL), and the technique for order of preference by similarity to ideal solution (TOPSIS) for evaluating the performance of pork suppliers. Thereby, the economic and operational burden caused by the bullwhip effect throughout the pork supply chain can be alleviated. AHP was first used to determine the criteria and subcriteria weights. Then DEMATEL was applied to assess the interdependence and feedback between the decision elements. Finally, TOPSIS was implemented to discriminate between high‐performance and low‐performance pork suppliers. A case study from the Colombian pork supply chain is presented to validate the proposed approach. The results of this study evidenced that the most important criterion was the “service level” and the most influencing factor was the “financial profile.” In addition, based on the supplier assessment results, improvement plans, and new negotiation, strategies were established for each supplier in order to diminish the bullwhip effect along the pork supply chain.
A compact directional microstrip antenna with wide bandwidth, high gain, and high front‐to‐back ratio
Authors: Wang Zhe , Liu Juhua 
Published: August 2019

AbstractA compact directional microstrip patch antenna is presented. The antenna shows excellent properties, such as vertical polarization, wide bandwidth, high gain, and high front‐to‐back (F/B) ratio. It consists of a main patch and a coupled patch. The two parts are connected with a narrow microstrip line. The proposed microstrip patch antenna can be considered as a Yagi antenna, in which the main patch and the coupled patch serve as the driven element and the director, respectively. With the dual‐mode property of the antenna, it exhibits a wide bandwidth inherently. With a coupled patch directly loading on the main patch as a director, the antenna has its beam pointing in the forward quadrant space. A prototype is fabricated and measured. Measured results show that the proposed microstrip antenna with a compact size provides a wide impedance bandwidth (|S11| < −10 dB) of 11%, and a wide radiation bandwidth of 8.4% in which the gain ranges from 8.35 to 10.01 dBi and the F/B ratio is higher than 15 dB.
Comparison of CsI:Tl and Gd2O2S:Tb indirect flat panel detector x‐ray imaging performance in front‐ and back‐irradiation geometries
Authors: Howansky Adrian , Mishchenko Anastasiia , Lubinsky A. R. , Zhao Wei 
Published: August 2019

PurposeThe detective quantum efficiency (DQE) of indirect flat panel detectors (I‐FPDs) is limited at higher x‐ray energies (e.g., 100–140 kVp) by low absorption in their scintillating x‐ray conversion layer. While increasing the thickness of the scintillator can improve its x‐ray absorption efficiency, this approach is potentially limited by reduced spatial resolution and increased noise due to depth dependence in the scintillator’s response to x rays. One strategy proposed to mitigate these deleterious effects is to irradiate the scintillator through the pixel sensor in a “back‐irradiation” geometry. This work directly evaluates the impact of irradiation geometry on the inherent imaging performance of I‐FPDs composed with columnar CsI:Tl and powder Gd2O2S:Tb (GOS) scintillators.MethodsA “bidirectional” FPD was constructed which allows scintillator samples to be interchangeably coupled with the detector’s active matrix to compose an I‐FPD. Radio‐translucent windows in the detector’s housing permit imaging in both “front‐irradiation” (FI) and “back‐irradiation” (BI) geometries. This test device was used to evaluate the impact of irradiation geometry on the x‐ray sensitivity, modulation transfer function (MTF), noise power spectrum (NPS), and DQE of four I‐FPDs composed using columnar CsI:Tl scintillators of varying thickness (600–1000 µm) and optical backing, and a Fast Back GOS screen. All experiments used an RQA9 x‐ray beam.ResultsEach I‐FPD’s x‐ray sensitivity, MTF, and DQE was greater or equal in BI geometry than in FI. The I‐FPD composed with CsI:Tl (1 mm) and an optically absorptive backing had the largest variation in sensitivity (17%) between FI and BI geometries. The detector composed with GOS had the largest improvement in limiting resolution (31%). Irradiation geometry had little impact on MTF(f) and DQE(f) measurements near zero frequency, however, the difference between FI and BI measurements generally increased with spatial frequency. The CsI:Tl scintillator with optically absorptive backing (1 mm) in BI geometry had the highest spatial resolution and DQE over all frequencies.ConclusionsBack irradiation may improve the inherent x‐ray imaging performance of I‐FPDs composed with CsI:Tl and GOS scintillators. This approach can be leveraged to improve tradeoffs between detector dose efficiency, spatial resolution and noise for higher energy x‐ray imaging.
Navigator‐free metabolite‐cycled proton spectroscopy of the heart
Authors: Peereboom Sophie M. , Gastl Mareike , Fuetterer Maximilian , Kozerke Sebastian 
Published: August 2019

PurposeRespiratory gating in cardiac water‐suppressed (WS) proton spectroscopy leads to long and unpredictable scan times. Metabolite cycling allows to perform frequency and phase correction on the water signal and, hence, offers an approach to navigator‐free cardiac spectroscopy with fixed scan time. The objective of the present study was to develop and implement navigator‐free metabolite‐cycled cardiac proton spectroscopy (MC nonav) and compare it with standard navigator‐gated WS (WS nav) and navigator‐free WS (WS nonav) measurements for the assessment of triglyceride‐to‐water ratios (TG/W) and creatine‐to‐water ratios (CR/W) in the intraventricular septum of the in vivo heart.MethodsNavigator‐free metabolite‐cycled spectroscopy was implemented on a clinical 1.5T system. In vivo measurements were performed on 10 young and 5 older healthy volunteers to assess signal‐to‐noise ratio efficiency as well as TG/W and CR/W and the relative Cramér‐Rao lower bounds for CR. The performance of the metabolite‐cycled sequence was verified using simulations.ResultsOn average, scan times of MC nonav were 3.4 times shorter compared with WS nav, while no significant bias for TG/W was observed (coefficient of variation = 14.0%). signal‐to‐noise ratio efficiency of both TG and CR increased for MC nonav compared with WS nav. Relative Cramér‐Rao lower bounds of CR decreased for MC nonav. Overall spectral quality was found comparable between MC nonav and WS nav, while it was inferior for WS nonav.ConclusionNavigator‐free metabolite‐cycled cardiac proton spectroscopy offers 3.4‐fold accelerated assessment of TG/W and CR/W in the heart with preserved spectral quality when compared with navigator‐gated WS scans.
Muscle pathology of hereditary motor and sensory neuropathy with proximal dominant involvement with TFG mutation
Authors: Yamashita Satoshi , Kimura En , Zhang Ziwei , Tawara Nozomu , Hara Kentaro , Yoshimura Akiko , Takashima Hiroshi , Ando Yukio 
Published: August 2019

AbstractBackgroundHereditary motor and sensory neuropathy with proximal dominant involvement (HMSN‐P) is characterized by adult onset, a slowly progressive course and autosomal dominant inheritance. It remains unclear whether myopathic changes occur histopathologically.MethodsWe encountered 2 patients in a family with a heterozygous p.P285L mutation in TRK‐fused gene (TFG), which is known to cause HMSN‐P. The affected individuals developed proximal‐dominant muscle weakness in their 40s, which slowly progressed to a motor neuron disease‐like phenotype.ResultsMuscle biopsy showed myopathic pathology including fiber size variability, increased internal nuclei, fiber splitting, and core‐like structures, associated with neurogenic changes: large groups of atrophic fibers and fiber type‐grouping. Immunohistochemistry revealed sarcoplasmic aggregates of TFG, TDP‐43, and p62 without congophilic material.ConclusionsThe present study demonstrates myopathic changes in HMSN‐P. Although the mechanisms underlying the skeletal muscle involvement remain to be elucidated, immunohistochemistry suggests that abnormal protein aggregation may be involved in the myopathic pathology.
A simultaneous approach for compliance minimization and piezoelectric actuator design considering the polarization profile
Authors: Gonçalves Juliano Fagundes , De Leon Daniel Milbrath , Perondi Eduardo André 
Published: August 2019

SummaryThis article addresses the compliance problem along with the piezoelectric actuator design for active vibration control. The topology structural design is obtained by solving a compliance minimization problem with volume constraint, whereas the actuator design is carried out by the maximization of a control performance index written in terms of the controllability Gramian. This measure describes the ability of the actuator to move the structure from an initial condition to a desired final state, at rest for instance, in a finite time interval. The actuator design is also characterized by the polarization profile, which is defined according to the distribution of an additional design variable. Therefore, the actuators can yield both tensile and compressing fields at different points of the structure using the same applied control voltage. To achieve this goal, a material interpolation scheme based on the solid isotropic material with penalization and the piezoelectric material with penalization and polarization (PEMAP‐P) models is employed, and both the optimum structure/actuator layout and polarization profile are obtained simultaneously. The sensitivities with respect to the polarization and design variables are calculated analytically. Numerical examples are presented considering the design and vibration control for a cantilever beam, a beam fixed at both ends, and an L‐bracket structure to show the efficiency of the proposed formulation. The control performance of the designed structures are analyzed employing a linear‐quadratic regulator simulation, and these results are compared to verify the influence of the optimized polarization profiles.
Effect of the CuAl2O4and CuAlO2Phases in Catalytic Wet Air Oxidation of ETBE and TAME using CuO/γ‐Al2O3catalysts
Authors: Sánchez‐Trinidad Cecilia , del Angel Gloria , Torres‐Torres Gilberto , Cervantes‐Uribe Adrián , Pavón A. Abiu Silahua , Guerra‐Que Zenaida , Arévalo‐Pérez Juan Carlos , Tzompantzi‐Morales Fancisco J. 
Published: August 2019

AbstractThis paper studies Cu/Al2O3catalysts, synthesized in two ways: copper deposit in the synthesis of alumina (sol gel) and incipient impregnation stabilized at 400 °C. The materials were characterized by X‐ray diffraction studies, nitrogen physisorption, temperature programmed reduction of H2, dehydration of isopropanol, scanning electronic microscopy, transmission electronic microscopy, which were evaluated in the liquid phase oxidation reaction of ethyl tert‐butyl ether and tert‐amyl methyl ether. The formation of CuAl2O4and CuAlO2in the samples synthesized by sol gel, led to a modification of the texture, thus resulting in an expansion of the specific area of the materials. CuAl2O4and CuAlO2have been identified by DRX from a content of 10 % Copper, the first showed the highest intensity with this technique. In the same way, these species favor the presence of Lewis acid sites; this is reflected in the materials with (Di‐isopropyl Ether) DIPE of 96.7 % and 91.1 % for the samples SAlCu5 and SAlCu15 respectively. The catalytic activity of the materials prepared by sol gel is in the function of the number of surface acid sites, the smaller particle size of the Cu and the surface of the contact, in the case of the ETBE meanwhile for TAME the activity was based mainly on the strength of the present acid sites. With impregnated materials, the activity is attributed to the smaller particle size of the Cu and the greater strength of the surface acid sites in the solid. The formation of spinel species inhibits the leaching phenomenon in the reaction milieu.
Using Kinetic Modeling and Experimental Data to Evaluate Mechanisms in PET‐RAFT
Authors: Kuhn Leah R. , Allegrezza Michael L. , Dougher Nicholas J. , Konkolewicz Dominik 
Published: August 2019

ABSTRACTReversible deactivation radical polymerization (RDRP) techniques have become important tools for polymer chemists because they control the structure and are tolerant to functionality. Photoinduced polymerizations have seen a growing interest due to their mild conditions, as well as spatial and temporal control over the polymerization. Among these techniques, photoinduced electron/energy transfer reversible addition–fragmentation chain transfer polymerization (PET‐RAFT) is one of the most widely investigated. While PET‐RAFT is seen as an increasingly useful tool, there is still much to understand about the mechanism of this process. In particular, there are ongoing questions regarding the kinetic contribution of electron versus energy transfer. In order to better understand the mechanism, this work aims to use kinetic modeling along with experimental data to help determine the likelihood of the proposed mechanisms for the PET‐RAFT process using the trithiocarbonate‐mediated polymerization of methyl acrylate with fac‐tris[2‐phenylpyridinato‐C2,N]iridium(III) as a photocatalyst. Simulation data show that electron transfer without a corresponding reduction pathway cannot explain the experimental kinetics, while energy transfer offers a good fit to experimental data. © 2019 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Polym. Sci. 2020, 58, 139–144