bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A novel report of a primary Merkel cell carcinoma lesion in the nasal vestibule
Authors: Khatchaturian Emily M. , Zohrabian Narineh 
Published: September 2018

Key Clinical MessageMerkel cell carcinoma (MCC) accounts for less than 1% of cutaneous malignancies. As the lesion may mimic benign entities, clinicians’ differential should include rare entities to improve outcomes by early intervention. We present a case of primary MCC in the nasal vestibule requiring partial rhinectomy, suprahyoid lymphadenectomy, and radiation therapy.
ReGeneraTing Agents (RGTA®) are a new option to improve amputation outcomes in the recovery of severe hand injuries
Authors: Ahmad Roohi Sharifah , Barritault Denis 
Published: September 2018

Key Clinical MessageCACIPLIQ20® was used to accelerate the healing process and stimulate the viability of flaps and skin grafts, thereby improving amputation outcomes. An excellent range of motion was achieved with hardly any contracture or scarring. Pain relief and reduced sensitivity was noted, while healing of bone and tendon also improved, resulting in functional recovery.
Successful management of critical iliac artery aneurysm which is unexpectedly accompanied by acute aortic dissection type B: A case report
Authors: Alirezaei Toktam , Mozafar Mohamad 
Published: September 2018

Key Clinical MessageAcute aortic dissection with concurrent large aortic aneurysm is a catastrophic condition. Clinicians may be faced with the dilemma of how to manage these patients. This case reports a successful management crisis in a patient with a type B aortic dissection and a large left common iliac artery aneurysm.
Liquid Maldistribution in Random‐Packed Columns: Experimental Investigation of Influencing Factors
Authors: Hanusch Florian , Rehfeldt Sebastian , Klein Harald 
Published: September 2018

AbstractTray and packed columns are frequently used for the implementation of the unit operations rectification, absorption, and desorption. A maximized phase interface between gas and liquid in these devices is beneficial for mass transfer. Investigations on liquid maldistribution in random packings are conducted in a packed column at varying experimental and operating parameters in terms of type of packing, packing height, liquid distributor, liquid load, and gas load. Graphical presentations in form of distribution spectra and further evaluation by means of a maldistribution factor provide insight into the influence of different parameters on maldistribution.
α‐Borylated Phosphorus Ylides (α‐BCPs): Electronic Frustration within a C−B π‐Bond Arising from the Competition for a Lone Pair of Electrons
Authors: Radius Michael , Breher Frank 
Published: September 2018

AbstractThe concept and the first example for electronic frustration within a C−B π‐bond arising from the competition for a lone pair of electrons is reported. The α‐borylated phosphorus ylide (α‐BCP) Ph3PC(CH3)BEt2 (1) has been synthesized, characterized, and investigated with the aid of density functional theory calculations. These show the presence of a highly polarized C−B π‐bond, induced by the electron‐withdrawing Ph3P+ substituent. This competition for the C‐based lone pair of electrons leads to an FLP‐type reactivity (FLP=frustrated Lewis pair), which has been demonstrated by reacting 1 with various small molecules: the dimeric insertion products [Ph3PC(CH3)COBEt2]2 (2) and [Ph3PC(CH3)(CO2)BEt2]2 (5) result from the reaction of 1 with CO and CO2, respectively, whereas monomeric products of the general formula [Ph3PC(CH3)(XYZ)BEt2] were obtained by treating 1 with COS (3), CS2 (4) or the heterocumulenes PhNCO (6) and PhNCS (7).
Synthesis, Mesomorphism, and Photophysics of 2,5‐Bis(dodecyloxyphenyl)pyridine Complexes of Platinum(IV)
Authors: Parker Rachel R. , Sarju Julia P. , Whitwood Adrian C. , Williams J. A. Gareth , Lynam Jason M. , Bruce Duncan W. 
Published: September 2018

AbstractIt has been shown for the first time that the PtIV complex cis‐[Pt(N^C‐tolpy)2Cl2] (tolpy=2‐(4‐tolyl)pyridinyl) can be prepared in a one‐pot reaction from K2[PtCl4], although analogous complexes containing 2,5‐bis(4‐dodecyloxyphenyl)pyridine (=HL) could be prepared using existing routes. The resulting complexes cis‐[Pt(N^C‐L)2Cl2] are liquid crystals and small‐angle X‐ray scattering suggests formation of a lamellar mesophase. Surprisingly, heating [Pt(κ2‐N^C‐L)2Cl(κ1‐N^C‐LH)] also leads to a mesomorphic compound, which results from thermally induced oxidation to cis‐[Pt(N^C‐L)2Cl2] and what is presumed to be another geometric isomer of the same formula. The PtIV complexes are quite strongly luminescent in deoxygenated solution, with φ≈10 % and show vibrationally structured emission spectra, λmax(0,0)=532 nm, strongly displaced to the red compared to cis‐[Pt(N^C‐tolpy)Cl2]. Long luminescence lifetimes of 230 μs are attributed to a lower degree of metal character in the excited state accompanying the extension of conjugation in the ligand. There is no significant difference between the emission properties of the bromo‐ and chloro‐complexes, in contrast with the known complexes cis‐[Pt(N^C‐ppy)X2], where the quantum yield for X=Br is some 30 times lower than for X=Cl (ppyH=2‐phenylpyridine). The lower energy of the excited state in the new complexes probably ensures that deactivating LLCT/LMCT states remain thermally inaccessible, even when X=Br.
Three‐Dimensional TiO2−Ag Nanopore Arrays for Powerful Photoinduced Enhanced Raman Spectroscopy (PIERS) and Versatile Detection of Toxic Organics
Authors: Zhang Maofeng , Chen Tun , Liu Yongkai , Zhu Jiping , Liu Jiaqin , Wu Yucheng 
Published: September 2018

AbstractIt is highly desirable to readily detect the residues of toxic organics in the field with a portable device. Herein, we report a photo‐induced enhanced Raman spectroscopy (PIERS) technique combined with a portable Raman approach to detect toxic analytes at trace levels. A new type of TiO2−Ag nanopore array as a powerful PIERS substrate was fabricated by depositing Ag nanoparticles on TiO2 nanopores. This semiconductor‐metal three‐dimensional hybrid nanostructure achieved an 8‐fold PIERS enhancement over normal SERS due to the light‐induced charge transfer from TiO2 to the Ag nanoparticles upon UV irradiation. In particular, this PIERS substrate exhibited excellent detection of a variety of toxic substances. A low concentration of 10−9 M for antiseptics (Crystal violet) and 10−5 M for pesticides (carbaryl, phoxim and thiram) could be readily detected by a portable Raman device. Meanwhile, the successful incorporation of plasmonic Ag nanoparticles in TiO2 nanopores further enhanced the photocatalytic ability and the structure is robust enough for multiple reuse cycles. The demonstrated PIERS technique may become an effective way for enhancing Raman scattering, which has great potential for portable Raman detections.
MicroRNA Isolation from Plasma for Real‐Time qPCR Array
Authors: Witvrouwen Isabel , Gevaert Andreas B. , Van Craenenbroeck Emeline M. , Van Craenenbroeck Amaryllis H. 
Published: September 2018

AbstractMicroRNAs are short non‐coding RNAs that regulate gene expression at the post‐transcriptional level by mRNA degradation or suppression of translation. Their stability in plasma makes them attractive biomarkers. Since many plasma microRNA isolation procedures exist and the yield can be highly variable, we recently optimized the microRNA isolation and preamplification procedure using the mirVana PARIS kit (Thermo Fisher Scientific) for miRNA quantification with TaqMan Low Density Arrays in plasma samples. The method here is slightly modified from the original procedure supplied by Thermo Fisher. Based on our findings, recommendations are the following: (1) use Arabidopsis thaliana (Ath) miR‐159a as spike‐in control, (2) use a 100‐µl elution volume during RNA isolation, and (3) add a preamplification step without dilution of the preamplification product. In this article we provide a step‐by‐step microRNA isolation and quantification procedure using human plasma samples for TaqMan Low Density Arrays. © 2018 by John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
Androgens and the Regulation of Adiposity and Body Fat Distribution in Humans
Authors: Tchernof André , Brochu Dannick , Maltais‐Payette Ina , Mansour Mohamed Fouad , Marchand Geneviève B. , Carreau Anne‐Marie , Kapeluto Jordanna 
Published: September 2018

ABSTRACTThe sexual dimorphism in human body fat distribution suggests a causal role for sex hormones. This is of particular importance when considering the role of excess visceral adipose tissue accumulation as a critical determinant of obesity‐related cardiometabolic alterations. Scientific literature on the modulation of body fat distribution by androgens in humans is abundant, remarkably inconsistent and difficult to summarize. We reviewed relevant literature on this topic, with a particular emphasis on androgen replacement, androgen effects on selected parameters of adipose tissue function and adipose tissue steroid‐converting enzymes. In men, low androgenic status mostly reflected by reduced total testosterone is a frequent feature of visceral obesity and the metabolic syndrome. Regarding testosterone therapy, however, studies must be appreciated in the context of current controversies on their cardiovascular effects. Analyses of available studies suggest that decreases in waist circumference in response to testosterone are more likely observed in men with low levels of testosterone and high BMI at study onset. In women with androgen excess, higher testosterone and free testosterone levels are fairly consistent predictors of increased abdominal and/or visceral adipose tissue accumulation, which is not the case in nonhyperandrogenic women. Regarding mechanisms, androgens decrease adipogenesis and markers of lipid storagein vitroin men and women. Evidence also suggest that local steroid transformations by adipose tissue steroid‐converting enzymes expressed in a depot‐specific fashion may play a role in androgen‐mediated modulation of body fat distribution. Accumulating evidence shows that androgens are critical modulators of body fat distribution in both men and women. © 2018 American Physiological Society.Compr Physiol8:1253‐1290, 2018.
Neural Basis of Touch and Proprioception in Primate Cortex
Authors: Delhaye Benoit P. , Long Katie H. , Bensmaia Sliman J. 
Published: September 2018

ABSTRACTThe sense of proprioception allows us to keep track of our limb posture and movements and the sense of touch provides us with information about objects with which we come into contact. In both senses, mechanoreceptors convert the deformation of tissues—skin, muscles, tendons, ligaments, or joints—into neural signals. Tactile and proprioceptive signals are then relayed by the peripheral nerves to the central nervous system, where they are processed to give rise to percepts of objects and of the state of our body. In this review, we first examine briefly the receptors that mediate touch and proprioception, their associated nerve fibers, and pathways they follow to the cerebral cortex. We then provide an overview of the different cortical areas that process tactile and proprioceptive information. Next, we discuss how various features of objects—their shape, motion, and texture, for example—are encoded in the various cortical fields, and the susceptibility of these neural codes to attention and other forms of higher‐order modulation. Finally, we summarize recent efforts to restore the senses of touch and proprioception by electrically stimulating somatosensory cortex. © 2018 American Physiological Society.Compr Physiol8:1575‐1602, 2018.
Intersection of Iron and Copper Metabolism in the Mammalian Intestine and Liver
Authors: Doguer Caglar , Ha Jung‐Heun , Collins James F. 
Published: September 2018

ABSTRACTIron and copper have similar physiochemical properties; thus, physiologically relevant interactions seem likely. Indeed, points of intersection between these two essential trace minerals have been recognized for many decades, but mechanistic details have been lacking. Investigations in recent years have revealed that copper may positively influence iron homeostasis, and also that iron may antagonize copper metabolism. For example, when body iron stores are low, copper is apparently redistributed to tissues important for regulating iron balance, including enterocytes of upper small bowel, the liver, and blood. Copper in enterocytes may positively influence iron transport, and hepatic copper may enhance biosynthesis of a circulating ferroxidase, ceruloplasmin, which potentiates iron release from stores. Moreover, many intestinal genes related to iron absorption are transactivated by a hypoxia‐inducible transcription factor, hypoxia‐inducible factor‐2α (HIF2α), during iron deficiency. Interestingly, copper influences the DNA‐binding activity of the HIF factors, thus further exemplifying how copper may modulate intestinal iron homeostasis. Copper may also alter the activity of the iron‐regulatory hormone hepcidin. Furthermore, copper depletion has been noted in iron‐loading disorders, such as hereditary hemochromatosis. Copper depletion may also be caused by high‐dose iron supplementation, raising concerns particularly in pregnancy when iron supplementation is widely recommended. This review will cover the basic physiology of intestinal iron and copper absorption as well as the metabolism of these minerals in the liver. Also considered in detail will be current experimental work in this field, with a focus on molecular aspects of intestinal and hepatic iron‐copper interplay and how this relates to various disease states. © 2018 American Physiological Society.Compr Physiol8:1433‐1461, 2018.
Chronic illness‐related cognitive fusion explains the impact of body dissatisfaction and shame on depression symptoms in breast cancer patients
Authors: Trindade Inês A. , Marta‐Simões Joana , Ferreira Cláudia , Pinto‐Gouveia José 
Published: September 2018

AbstractBreast cancer is linked to psychological distress and mood disorders that are in turn associated with higher psychological dysfunction and decreased breast cancer survival. It is considered that psychological health in breast cancer is considerably affected by body image impairment, which in turn seems to be highly associated with shame. However, the impact of these variables on mental health may not be direct. The current study aimed to explore a comprehensive model regarding the role of chronic illness‐related cognitive fusion in the relationship of body image dissatisfaction and chronic illness‐related shame with depression symptoms. The sample was composed of 75 women with nonmetastatic breast cancer, recruited in a Radiotherapy Service in central Portugal. The conducted path model presented an excellent fit and accounted for 59% of the variance of depressive symptomatology. Further, it demonstrated that body image dissatisfaction's impact on depressed mood is significantly explained by the mechanisms of chronic illness‐related shame and chronic illness‐related cognitive fusion. It was also revealed that chronic illness‐related cognitive fusion additionally mediated the impact of chronic illness‐related shame on depression. These findings are suggestive of the importance of body image and chronic illness shame in the determination of breast cancer patients' depression symptoms and also the central role of chronic illness‐related cognitive fusion in these relationships. Therefore, the implementation of acceptance and defusion‐based psychotherapeutic interventions to improve mental health in cancer patients seems to be of great importance.
Development of Mixed‐Anion Photocatalysts with Wide Visible‐Light Absorption Bands for Solar Water Splitting
Authors: Cui Junyan , Li Can , Zhang Fuxiang 
Published: September 2018

AbstractRapid fossil‐fuel consumption, severe environmental concerns, and growing energy demands call for the exploitation of environmentally friendly, recyclable, new energy sources. Fuel‐producing artificial systems that directly convert solar energy into fuels by mimicking natural photosynthesis are expected to achieve this goal. Among them, the conversion of solar energy into hydrogen energy through the photocatalytic water‐splitting process over a particulate semiconductor is one of the most promising routes due to advantages such as simplicity, cheapness, and ease of large‐scale production. Abundant metal oxide photocatalysts have been developed in the last century, but most are only active under UV‐light irradiation. To harvest a much wider range of the solar spectrum, the development of photocatalysts with wide visible‐light absorption bands has become increasingly popular this century. Herein, a brief overview of materials developed for promising solar water splitting, with an emphasis on a mixed‐anion structure and wide visible‐light absorption bands, is presented, with some basic information on the principles, approaches, and research progress on the photocatalytic water‐splitting reaction with particulate semiconductors. Typical progress on research into one‐ and two‐step (Z‐scheme) overall water‐splitting systems by utilizing mixed‐anion photocatalysts is highlighted, together with research strategies and modification methods.
Proteomic Profiling of Native Unpassaged and Culture‐Expanded Mesenchymal Stromal Cells (MSC)
Authors: Moravcikova Erika , Meyer E. Michael , Corselli Mirko , Donnenberg Vera S. , Donnenberg Albert D. 
Published: September 2018

AbstractHuman culture‐expanded mesenchymal stromal cells (MSC) are being considered for multiple therapeutic applications because of their regenerative and anti‐inflammatory properties. Although a large number of MSC can be propagated from a small initial sample, several lines of evidence indicate that MSC lose their immunosuppressive and regenerative potency aftaer multiple passages. In this report, we use the FACSCAP Lyoplate proteomic analysis system to detect changes in cell surface protein expression of CD45−/CD31−/CD34−/CD73+/CD105+ stromal cells in unpassaged bone marrow (BM) and through 10 serial culture passages. We provide for the first time a detailed characterization of native unpassaged BM MSC (0.08% of BM mononuclear cells) as well as the changes that occur during the initial expansion. Adipogenic and osteogenic differentiative potential was determined though the serial passages and correlated with immunophenotypic changes and senescence. Among the most prominent were striking decreases in Fas ligand, CD98, CD205, and CD106, accompanied by a gain in the expression of CD49c, CD63, CD98, and class 1 and class 2 major histocompatibility complex (MHC) molecules. Other molecules that are down‐modulated with later passage include CD24, CD54, CD59, CD243/P‐glycoprotein, and CD273/PD‐L2. Early senescence, as defined by the loss of replicative capacity occurring with the loss of differentiative capacity, increase in CDKN2A p16, and increased time to confluence, was accompanied by loss of the motility‐associated metalloproteinase CD10 and the proliferation‐associated transferrin receptor CD71. Among the strongest statistical associations were loss of MAC‐inhibitory protein/CD59, loss of ICAM‐1/CD54, and increase in CDKN2A as a function of increasing passage, as well as increased CD10 expression with adipogenic and osteogenic capacities. The data provide a clear set of markers that can be used to assess MSC quality. We suggest that clinically relevant numbers of highly functional low passage MSC can be manufactured starting with large quantities of BM, which are readily available from cadaveric organ donors.
Potential of three probiotic lactobacilli in transforming star fruit juice into functional beverages
Authors: Lu Yuyun , Tan Chin‐Wan , Chen Dai , Liu Shao‐Quan 
Published: September 2018

AbstractThe star fruit is popularly cultivated and consumed in Southeast Asia due to its high antioxidant capacity and various nutrients. In this study, three commercial probiotic strains (Lactobacillus helveticus L10, Lactobacillus paracasei L26, and Lactobacillus rhamnosus HN001) were evaluated in star fruit juice fermentation and all strains grew well with the final cell counts of around 108 CFU/ml. The star fruit juice fermented by L. rhamnosus produced the highest amount of lactic acid, resulting in a significant lower pH (4.41) than that of L. helveticus (4.76) and L. paracasei (4.71). Most of aldehydes and esters endogenous in star fruit juice decreased to low or undetectable levels, while ketones, alcohols, and fatty acids were produced at varying levels that could impart different aroma notes to the beverages. Therefore, the selection of appropriate probiotics can be an alternative way to develop new functional beverages from star fruit juice with specific aroma notes.
Ninth‐Grade Students’ Use of Graphical Representations in Social Studies Writing
Authors: Staurseth Hanne Egenæs , Håland Anne 
Published: September 2018

AbstractGraphical representations are frequently used but normally not explicitly taught in social studies. The authors explore how to utilize the often unused potential of disciplinary graphical representations in student writing by offering insight into a Norwegian ninth‐grade classroom where students were scaffolded to use such representations. The authors scrutinized how these students invented connections between modes as they combined and transformed different representations in their texts. The authors found high density but not necessarily critical use of visuals. Texts designed with spatial and linear structures integrated visuals and verbal differently. The students’ main challenges concerned cohesion, redundancy, and utilization of modal affordances to communicate their message to a particular audience. To build students’ graphical literacy in social studies over time, the authors recommend overt instruction with model texts, critically framed with an emphasis on affordances and functions, and giving students opportunities to use this knowledge in a social studies practice.
Collective decisions, household production, and labor force participation
Authors: Donni Olivier , Matteazzi Eleonora 
Published: September 2018

SummaryIn this paper, we generalize the collective model of household labor supply with domestic production to allow for the possibility of nonparticipation in the labor market. We also relax the marketability assumption according to which domestic goods and market goods are perfectly substitutable. Our results are twofold. First, we show that the main structural components of the decision process can be retrieved from observed behavior. Second, we estimate a system of market and domestic labor supply using the Panel Study of Income Dynamics and apply the theoretical results to recover the intra‐household sharing of resources.
Tolerance for inequality: Hirschman's tunnel effect revisited
Authors: Durongkaveroj Wannaphong 
Published: September 2018

AbstractAlong the path of economic development, advancement of some groups naturally generates economic disparity in society. The concurrent presence of both winners and losers invariably give rise to the psychologically economic question of how the losers perceive and respond to the benefits of development. The ‘tunnel effect’ proposed by Hirschman provides valuable insights for understanding the changing tolerance of economic inequality in the process of economic development. This paper critically discusses this proposition, reviews the related literature, and provides possible extensions. © 2018 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.