bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Renal Effects of Graphite Oxide Sheets in Albino Rats (Rattus norvegicus): A Preliminary Study
Authors: Muhammad Ambar N. , Ijaz Ayesha , Khalid Adeel , Rafique Khuram , Tabassum Rabia , Zahra Aqeela , Danish Muhammad , Tariq Hina , Herdiansyah Mochammad A. , Ansori Arif N. M. 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
Although diamond-like carbon-coated joint replacements are widely recommended for full bone replacements in humans, their clinical application is substantially limited by contamination with wear particles, specifically graphite nanoparticles, which are cytotoxic. This study was aimed at assessing the adverse effects of graphite oxide (GO) sheets on the blood and renal tissues of adult male albino rats. A total of 25 albino rats were procured from the Government College University Faisalabad, Punjab, Pakistan, and acclimated for 7 days in well-ventilated enclosures, after approval from the ethical committee at the University of Sialkot. The rats were randomly assigned to the following groups: a control group receiving no treatment, a vehicle control group receiving normal saline, and three treatment groups (G1, G2, and G3, administered GO nanosheets at doses of 5, 6, or 7 mg/kg body weight, respectively). Treatments were delivered through intraperitoneal injection on alternating days over 28 days. Animal mortality, hematological parameters, and kidney histology were assessed. The control and vehicle control groups showed normal findings, whereas the groups exposed to GO exhibited highly significant pathological changes in renal function tests (p<0.05). Histological alterations were more severe in the moderate- and high-dose treatment groups than the low-dose group, which displayed typical histological features. The treatment groups exhibited various histological changes, including vacuolation, renal fibrosis, inflammation, and tubular damage, which were significantly more pronounced in the G2 and G3 groups than the G1 group. Thus, exposure to GO sheets resulted in detrimental effects on renal tissues in albino rats. The findings suggested that the investigated doses of GO have detrimental effects on the health of living organisms.
Health benefits of liquid smoke from various biomass sources: a systematic review
Authors: Surboyo Meircurius Dwi Condro , Baroutian Saeid , Puspitasari Widyah , Zubaidah Ummi , Cecilia Pamela Handy , Mansur Dieni , Iskandar Benni , Ayuningtyas Nurina Febriyanti , Mahdani Fatma Yasmin , Ernawati Diah Savitri 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
Liquid smoke, a product of the pyrolysis process, includes components such as phenol, furfural, and ketones, and has acidic characteristics. Liquid smoke from various biomass sources has been used as a natural preservative worldwide and reported to be safe in humans. As a bio-economic product, liquid smoke has human health benefits. This review analyzes and describes the health benefits of liquid smoke from various biomass sources, according to in silico, in vitro, and in vivo studies. A systematic review following PRISMA guidelines was conducted to identify published reports of liquid smoke from various biomass sources. The anti-inflammatory, anti-bacterial, anti-diabetic, wound healing, and anti-periodontitis activity of liquid smoke was analyzed. Prior research has investigated liquid smoke produced through pyrolysis of various biomass types, such as rice husks (Oryza sativa), coconut shells (Cocos nucifera L.), palm kernels (
Elaeis guineensis Jacq.), cocoa pods (
Theobroma cacao L
.), tian op, and hickory (
Carya tomentosa (Lam.) Nutt
.), as well as commercial liquid smoke. Toxicity testing, and in vitro and in vivo studies, are required for the assessment of health benefits. Therapeutic benefits of liquid smoke including anti-oxidant, anti-inflammatory, anti-nociceptive, anti-bacterial, anti-fungal, and anti-viral activity have been described. Further health benefits include anti-diabetic, anti-periodontitis, wound healing, and ulcer healing activity. These findings increase the use value of liquid smoke as a natural product with human health benefits.
ОДНОВРЕМЕННОЕ ИСПОЛЬЗОВАНИЕ МЕТОДОВ ГЕТЕРОДИН-ИНТЕРФЕРОМЕТРА И ЛАЗЕРНОГО ДАЛЬНОМЕРА ДЛЯ РЕГИСТРАЦИИ ПАРАМЕТРОВ УДАРНО-ИНДУЦИРОВАННОГО ПЫЛЕВОГО ПОТОКА
Authors: Д.А. КАЛАШНИКОВ , С.В. ЕРУНОВ , С.А. ФИНЮШИН , А.В. ФЁДОРОВ , Е.А. ЧУДАКОВ , Е.А. РАЗУМКОВ , Л.В. ЧЕРНОВ 
Published: November 2024

Рассмотрена схема регистрации перемещений отражающих поверхностей методом лазерного дальномера с использованием разработанного устройства измерения задержки распространения оптического сигнала. Приведены результаты тестовых экспериментов по исследованию параметров пыления и откольного разрушения металлов при их ударно-волновом нагружении с одновременным использованием методов гетеродин-интерферометра и лазерного дальномера.
A scheme of registration of displacements of reflecting surfaces by the method of laser ranging with the use of a device developed for measuring the delay of optical signal propagation is considered. Results of test experiments aimed at studying the dusting parameters and spallation fracture of metals under shock wave loading with simultaneous applications of photonic Doppler velocimetry and laser ranging methods are reported.
МНОГОФАЗНОЕ ШИРОКОДИАПАЗОННОЕ УРАВНЕНИЕ СОСТОЯНИЯ МЕДИ
Authors: В.М. ЕЛЬКИН , В.Н. МИХАЙЛОВ , А.А. ОВЕЧКИН 
Published: November 2024

Представлено полуэмпирическое многофазное уравнение состояния (УРС) меди для двух твердых ГЦК-, ОЦК-фаз и жидкой фазы с учетом испарения. Для параметризации УРС использован широкий набор экспериментальных и теоретических данных. В области плазменных состояний вещества проведены расчеты по модели среднего атома RESEOS, которые также использованы при разработке УРС. Построены кривые фазового перехода ГЦК — ОЦК, плавления и перехода жидкость — пар. В целом расчеты по УРС хорошо согласуются с экспериментальными данными и результатами теоретических расчетов в широкой области температур и давлений.
This paper presents a semi-empirical multiphase equation of state (EOS) of copper for two solid FCC and BCC phases, as well as a liquid phase with account for vaporization is presented. A wide range of experimental and theoretical data is used to parameterize the EOS. In the field of plasma states of matter, calculations are performed using the RESEOS average atom model and are also applied to develop the EOS. Curves are plotted for FCC-BCC phase transition, for melting, and for liquid-vapor transition. In general, the EOS-based calculations are in good agreement with the experimental data and the results of theoretical calculations in a wide range of temperatures and pressures.
ПОЛУЧЕНИЕ ГРАНУЛИРОВАННОГО ВЫСОКОПОРИСТОГО КОМПОЗИЦИОННОГО МАТЕРИАЛА, СОДЕРЖАЩЕГО НАНОРАЗМЕРНЫЕ ЧАСТИЦЫ ПЕРЕХОДНЫХ МЕТАЛЛОВ, В ВОЛНЕ БЕСПЛАМЕННОГО ГОРЕНИЯ ГЕКСОГЕНА
Authors: Ю.М. МИХАЙЛОВ , В.С. СМИРНОВ , Л.В. ЖЕМЧУГОВА , В.В. АЛЁШИН , А.В. БАКЕШКО 
Published: November 2024

Показано, что волна беспламенного очагового горения балластированного гексогена способна устойчиво распространяться в гранулированной исходной смеси. Обнаружено, что при определенных условиях беспламенное горение гранулированных смесей, содержащих гексоген, может протекать в колебательном или фонтанирующем режиме. На основе процесса беспламенного горения гексогена разработан метод одностадийного получения высокопористых гранул, содержащих наноразмерные частицы кобальта или железа. Полученный гранулированный композиционный материал проявляет сопоставимую каталитическую активность в синтезе углеводородов методом Фишера — Тропша, отличаясь от существующих аналогов отсутствием пирофорных свойств.
It is shown that the wave of flameless spotty combustion of ballasted RDX can propagate in a stable manner in a granulated initial mixture. Under certain conditions, flameless combustion of RDX-containing granulated mixtures can proceed in a vibrational or gushing mode. Based on the process of flameless RDX combustion, a method of single-stage synthesis of high-porosity granules containing nano-sized cobalt or iron particles is developed. The synthesized granulated composite material reveals a comparable catalytic activity in hydrocarbon synthesis by the Fischer–Tropsch method. This material differs from the existing analogs by the absence of pyrophoric properties.
ВЛИЯНИЕ ЭЛЕМЕНТНОГО СОСТАВА ВЗРЫВЧАТЫХ ВЕЩЕСТВ НА ВЫХОД ДЕТОНАЦИОННЫХ НАНОАЛМАЗОВ
Authors: В.Ю. ДОЛМАТОВ , А.Н. ОЗЕРИН , Е.Д. ЭЙДЕЛЬМАН , А.С. КОЗЛОВ 
Published: November 2024

Описан простой способ прогнозной оценки выхода детонационных наноалмазов, учитывающий массовое содержание элементов в углеродсодержащем взрывчатом веществе общей формулы CaHbNcOd. Установлена эмпирическая зависимость содержания детонационных наноалмазов в полупродукте синтеза наноалмазов — алмазной шихте в зависимости от содержания углерода в молекулах взрывчатых веществ. Приведены зависимости выхода детонационных наноалмазов от содержания химических элементов в исходной системе, позволяющие давать количественные прогнозные оценки выхода детонационных наноалмазов.
A simple method of predictive estimation of the yield of detonation nanodiamonds is described, which takes into account the mass fractions of elements in the carbon-containing explosive with a general formula CaHbNcOd. An empirical dependence of the content of detonation nanodiamonds in the semi-product of nanodiamond synthesis (diamond charge mixture) on the fraction of carbon in molecules of explosives is derived. The yield of detonation nanodiamonds is presented as a function of the fractions of chemical elements in the initial system, which makes it possible to give quantitative predictions of the yield of detonation nanodiamonds.
ПРИМЕНЕНИЕ МОДЕЛИ ИСТОЧНИКА УДАРНО-ИНДУЦИРОВАННОГО ПЫЛЕНИЯ МЕТАЛЛОВ, ОСНОВАННОЙ НА ФИЗИКЕ НЕУСТОЙЧИВОСТИ РИХТМАЙЕРА — МЕШКОВА, ДЛЯ РАСЧЕТА СПЕКТРА РАЗМЕРОВ ЧАСТИЦ ОЛОВА И СВИНЦА
Authors: А.Б. ГЕОРГИЕВСКАЯ 
Published: November 2024

Модель источника ударно-волнового пыления, основанная на физике неустойчивости Рихтмайера — Мешкова и развитая для расчета выброшенной массы частиц металла и ее распределения по скоростям в потоке, применена для расчета распределения частиц по размерам. Модель разработана для металлов, переходящих в жидкое состояние после ударно-волнового воздействия. Показано, что для прогнозирования спектра размеров частиц при пылении жидкой среды необходимо знать не только ее плотность и поверхностное натяжение, но и начальную амплитуду и длину волны возмущений, а также профиль ударной волны. Согласно развитой теории размер частиц в потоке в большей мере определяется длиной волны возмущений, чем начальной амплитудой. Проведено сравнение с экспериментальными данными по размерам частиц, выброшенных из узких полос с начальными возмущениями на свободной поверхности образцов из олова и свинца.
The model of a source of shock-induced ejection based on the Richtmyer–Meshkov instability physics and developed for calculating the ejected mass of metal particles and its velocity distribution in the flow is applied to calculate the particle size distribution. The model is developed form metals transforming to a liquid state after the shock wave impact. It is shown that one has to know not only the density and surface tension of the liquid medium, but also the initial amplitude and wavelength of disturbances, as well as the shock wave profile for predicting the particle size spectrum in the case of liquid medium ejection. According to the theory developed, the particle size in the flow is largely determined by the disturbance wavelength than by the initial amplitude. The results are compared with experimental data on the size of nanoparticles ejected from narrow bands with initial disturbances on the free surface on tin and lead samples.
ПРИЧИНЫ ПРЕКРАЩЕНИЯ ПРОНИКАНИЯ КУМУЛЯТИВНОЙ СТРУИ
Authors: М.А. ВЛАСОВА , О.В. СВИРСКИЙ 
Published: November 2024

Согласно гидродинамической теории Лаврентьева глубина проникания кумулятивной струи определяется ее полной длиной. Однако, как показывает опыт практического применения кумулятивных зарядов, прекращение проникания обычно наступает раньше, чем струя израсходуется полностью. Для достоверного описания экспериментальных результатов вводятся параметры «эффективная длина» или «эффективная (критическая) скорость» кумулятивной струи, суть которых состоит в исключении из рассмотрения замыкающего участка струи, по различным причинам не участвующего в проникании. Значения эффективной скорости вводятся в расчетные методики как постоянные для конкретной пары материалов струи и преграды или в виде эмпирической зависимости от фокусного расстояния. Рассмотрена возможность разделения струи на эффективный и неработоспособный участки по физически обоснованным причинам без необходимости построения эмпирических зависимостей.
According to Lavrentiev's hydrodynamic theory, the penetration depth of a shaped-charge jet is determined by its total length. However, experience of practical application of shaped charges has shown that the penetration usually ceases before the jet is completely used up. For a reliable description of experimental results, the effective length and the effective (critical) velocity of the shaped-charge jet are introduced to exclude from consideration the closing section of the jet, which various reasons is not involved in penetration. Effective velocity values are introduced into calculation methods as constants for a specific pair of jet and target materials or in the form of an empirical dependence on the focal length. The possibility of separating the jet into effective and ineffective sections based on physically justified reasons without the need to construct empirical dependences is considered.
ВЛИЯНИЕ ТОПОЛОГИИ СЕТЧАТЫХ СТРУКТУР НА ДИНАМИЧЕСКИЕ СВОЙСТВА СПЛАВА AL—CU—MG—SI, ПОЛУЧЕННОГО ТЕХНОЛОГИЕЙ 3D-ПЕЧАТИ
Authors: А.И. КЛЕНОВ , А.Н. ПЕТРОВА , И.Г. БРОДОВА , В.В. АСТАФЬЕВ , Е.Б. СМИРНОВ , А.Ю. ГАРМАШЕВ 
Published: November 2024

Рассмотрены динамические свойства объемно-структурированных образцов с разной топологией сетчатых структур из алюминиевого сплава АК6, синтезированных селективным лазерным сплавлением. Испытания проведены при квазистатических скоростях деформации 102 ÷ 103 с‒1 методом Кольского с использованием разрезного стержня Гопкинсона. Построены диаграммы деформирования, и определены значения условного предела текучести и предела прочности. Проведено сравнение результатов измерения свойств образцов с разной топологией сетчатых структур — кубические типа ГЦК и ОЦК и трижды периодических поверхностей минимальной энергии типа гироид. Исследовано влияние геометрических характеристик гироидов (размер ячейки, толщина стенки) на прочностные свойства образцов. Показано, что при одной и той же плотности материала гироиды обладают повышенными характеристиками. Сетчатые металлические материалы, полученные аддитивной технологией, могут быть использованы в технике для уменьшения массы конструкций и ослабления разрушающих высокоэнергетических механических воздействий.
Dynamic properties of volume-structured samples with different topology of mesh structures made of AK6 aluminum and synthesized by selective laser melting are considered. Tests are carried out at quasistatic strain rates of 102 ÷ 103 с‒1 by the Kolsky method using a split Hopkinson bar. Strain diagrams are constructed, and the values of the conditional yield strength and tensile strength are determined. The results of measuring the properties of samples with different topology of mesh structures of FCC and BCC types and triply periodic surfaces of minimum energy of the gyroid type. The effect of the geometric characteristics of gyroids (cell size and wall thickness) on the strength properties of the samples is described. It is shown that gyroids have improved characteristics at the same material density. Mesh metal materials obtained by additive technology can be used in engineering to reduce structural mass and destructive high-energy mechanical effects.
Fractures in the Transgender Population: A Retrospective Study
Authors: Wentzel Dylan , Root Cooper , Dallman Johnathan , Mar Damon , Templeton Kimberly 
Published: November 2024

Introduction. While data on the bone health of transgender individuals exist, less is known about related fractures. The authors aimed to compare the anatomic locations of and impact of co-morbidities on fractures between transgender and cisgender populations at a single institution.
Methods. The authors conducted a retrospective chart review of patients with fractures at a single institution between January 2020 and January 2021. Demographics, fracture locations, and comorbidities were identified and compared between cisgender and transgender individuals. Statistical analyses included χ2 or Fisher exact tests for proportions and independent t-tests or Wilcoxon rank-sum tests for continuous measures.
Results. Transgender patients, compared to cisgender patients, were younger (W=258823, p<0.001) and had a higher incidence of shoulder/upper arm fractures (10/26 [38%] vs 1,847/12,463 [15%], p=0.003) but no lumbar spine fractures. There were no other significant differences in fracture locations. The transgender group had a higher prevalence of depression (14/26 [54%] vs 2,696/12,463 [22%], p<0.001), while hypertension was more common in the cisgender population (6,211/12,463 [50%] vs 5/26 [19%], p=0.003). While most fractures in the transgender group were not due to high-energy trauma, none of the individuals had a history of bone mineral density disorders.
Conclusions. Our findings show that there were no significant differences in fracture locations between transgender and cisgender patients, except at one site. Larger studies, including longitudinal prospective studies, are needed to better understand bone health and fracture risk among transgender patients, particularly regarding changes over time with gender-affirming treatment.
Assessment of the adsorption capacity of biochar samples obtained from agricultural biomasses
Authors: Machado de Souza Débora , Melo de Souza Marluci , Cardoso Pereira Fernanda , Konzen Severo Bruna , Andrade Brehm Feliciane , Alberto Mendes Moraes Carlos 
Published: November 2024

The study consists of adsorption tests on two samples of biochar, obtained from rice husk and coconut fiber biochar biomass, as well as a sample of charcarbon, both prepared under different conditions: macerated and non-macerated; impregnation with and without HCl and H3PO4; and washing or not with deionized water after impregnation. The test was performed in duplicate, for 30 min, with masses of 0.5 g; 0.3 g; 0.1 g; and 0.05 g, and an initial methylene blue concentration of 0.01 g∙L-1. The study was carried out with the objective of identifying, in the analyzed samples, the material with the greatest adsorption capacity of methylene blue dye, comparing the data with commercial activated carbon. The results identified removal above 70 % in both types of biochars, suggesting the feasibility of application as an adsorbent material to remove organic contaminants. The sample that most closely resembled the removal percentage of commercial activated carbon (98.84 %) was that of biochar obtained from coconut fibers, with 91.71 %. Thus, the research showed promise in studying the application and valorization of biochars, produced from agro-industrial waste, in adsorption processes.
Artefacts in tissue processing: A review
Authors: Singh Priyanka , Anjum Rubeena , Jehan Ayeda , Vijay Pradakhshana , Khanam Wajiha , Kousar Azra 
Published: November 2024

An artificial feature in tissue sections that is self-colored and unrelated is called an artefact. This has been an age long cause of misinterpretation that leads to misdiagnosis. It can result in alteration of normal morphologic and cytologic features that may occur as a result of the way the tissue has been handled, right from the time the biopsy, which is surgically obtained till the entire histopathological procedures of fixation, processing, embedding, sectioning and staining are performed on it. This article reviews the common artefacts encountered during tissue processing.
Improving life quality via mandibular reconstruction: Innovations and techniques – A literature review
Authors: Aravind Anto B  , Agrawal Ankush Kumar , Ajmera Shruti , Sharma Amit Kumar , Sharma Vikram , Meena Pooja 
Published: November 2024

Mandibular abnormalities can arise from a range of causes, including illnesses, trauma to the face, and surgical excision of tumors. These conditions can significantly affect daily activities such as eating, speaking, and even grooming. These functions are impaired without appropriate repair, which has a major negative impact on an individual's quality of life. Mandibular reconstruction aims to preserve facial symmetry and allow patients to regain their normal ability to chew food by restoring both the structure and functionality of the jaw. A successful restoration also takes into account elements such as the positioning of implants to restore oral function and, in certain cases, the reconnecting of the inferior alveolar nerve to enhance feeling.Mandibular reconstruction has undergone a revolutionary change in technique over the years. These developments are still ongoing, with the goal of improving patient recovery and outcomes. This article highlights the continuous attempts to improve surgical techniques and integrate new technologies for improved patient care. It gives a general review of the historical evolution, contemporary approaches, and prospective future possibilities in mandibular reconstruction.
Understanding oral malignancies: 2 case reports
Authors: Shanthi M , Angela Donna T , Divya VC , Ganesh C , Deepika Divya , Hamsavardini  
Published: November 2024

The clinical presentation, diagnosis, and management of several squamous cell carcinoma cases are covered thoroughly. Roughly 94% of all mouth malignancies are squamous cell carcinomas. Race, gender, and age group differences exist in annual incidence and mortality rates. This percentage is 7.7 per 100,000 in the US. Like other carcinomas, intraoral carcinoma is more common in older adults, especially in men. Individuals with oral SCC have often known about an abnormality in that area for four to eight months prior to seeking professional medical attention. Early growth is characterized by little discomfort, which may account for the delay in seeking professional assistance. The clinical manifestations of oral SCC include exophytic, endophytic, leukoplakic, and erythroplakic, all of which exhibit apparent surface alterations.Tobacco usage, excessive alcohol consumption, HPV infection, eating little fruits and vegetables, prolonged sun exposure, and having a compromised immune system are risk factors. Improving outcomes requires early discovery and treatment, which may include chemotherapy, radiation therapy, surgery, or a combination of these. In order to improve the prognosis for oral cancer, early identification and intervention are crucial. Survival risk from squamous cell carcinoma is often low. This article emphasis on the clinical presentation of oral malignancies.