bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Evaluation of the nutrient contents of palm kernel cake fermented by microbial cocktails as a potential feedstuff for poultry
Authors: Pasaribu T. , Laconi E.B. , Kompiang I.P. 
Published: September 2019

The aims of this research were to improve the nutritive value of palm kernel cake by fermentation technology using Bacillus amyloliquefacien, Trichoderma harzianum and cocktail microbes (combination of Bacillus amyloliquefacien and Trichoderma harzianum). Data were analyzed using Completely Randomized Design Factorial, with experiments consisting of types of microbes (B. amyloliquefaciens, T. harzianum, microbial cocktail) as treatment and incubation time (0, 3, 5, and 7 days). Parameters were crude protein and crude fiber for all treatments, and the lowest fiber analysis would continue with NDF, ADF, crude fat, and amino acids. Result showed that the three of microbes grew on palm kernel meal in third incubation and grew on and in the substrate at 7 days. microbial cocktails increased protein and reduced crude fiber better than B. amyloliquefacien and T. harzianum on palm kernel cake fermentation technology. Cocktail microbes enhanced amino acids such as methionine, arginine, and glutamic acid, also neutral detergent fiber but reduced ADF and hemicellulose. It was concluded that the palm kernel cake fermented with microbial cocktails can reduced crude fiber and increase crude protein with an incubation period of 7 days.
SÜRDÜRÜLEBİLİRLİK RAPORLAMASINDA ÖLÇÜM PARAMETRELERİ KPI’LAR (TEMEL PERFORMANS GÖSTERGELERI): BANKACILIK SEKTÖRÜNDE ANALİZ
Authors: ÖKTEM Begüm 
Published: September 2019

Bu çalışmada öncelikle
sürdürülebilirlik raporunun kapsamına yer verilerek, işletmelerin
sürdürülebilirlik raporu hazırlama ve hazırlamama nedenleri ile sürdürülebilirlik
raporlama süreci belirtilmiştir. Ardından sürdürülebilirlik ölçümünde önem arz
eden Temel Performans Göstergeleri (KPI)’nin belirlenmesi sırasında dikkate
alınması gereken kriterler belirlenerek, sürdürülebilirlik boyutları açısından
sınıflandırılması ile elde edilen ekonomik, sosyal ve çevresel KPI
parametrelerine yer verilmiştir. Açıklanan parametreleri somut hale
getirebilmek için bankacılık sektöründe belirlenen üç kurumsal bankada sürdürülebilirlik
raporu ve Temel Performans Göstergelerinin durumu analiz edilerek, çalışma
sonlandırılmıştır.
Network Degeneracy and the Dynamics of Task Switching in the Feeding Circuit inAplysia
Authors: Wang Yanqing , Weiss Klaudiusz R. , Cropper Elizabeth C. 
Published: September 2019

The characteristics of a network are determined by parameters that describe the intrinsic properties of the component neurons and their synapses. Degeneracy occurs when more than one set of parameters produces the same (or very similar) output. It is not clear whether network degeneracy impacts network function or is simply a reflection of the fact that, although it is important for a network to be able to generate a particular output, it is not important how this is achieved. We address this issue in the feeding network of the molluscAplysia. In this system, there are two stimulation paradigms that generate egestive motor programs: repetition priming and positive biasing. We demonstrate that circuit parameters differ in the 2 cases (e.g., egestive repetition priming requires activity in an interneuron, B20, which is not essential for positive biasing). We show that degeneracy has consequences for task switching. If egestive repetition priming is immediately followed by stimulation of an ingestive input to the feeding central pattern generator, the first few cycles of activity are egestive (not ingestive). In this situation, there is a task switch cost. This “cost” is in part due to the potentiating effect of egestive repetition priming on B20. In contrast, there is no switch cost after positive biasing. Stimulation of the ingestive central pattern generator input immediately triggers ingestive activity. Our results indicate that the mechanisms used to pattern activity can impact network function in that they can determine how readily a network can switch from one configuration to another.SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENTA particular pattern of neural activity can be generated by more than one set of circuit parameters. How or whether this impacts network function is unclear. We address this issue in the feeding network ofAplysiaand demonstrate that degeneracy in network function can have consequences for task switching. Namely, we show that, when egestive activity is generated via one set of circuit modifications, an immediate switch to ingestive activity is not possible. In contrast, rapid transitions to ingestive activity are possible if egestive activity is generated via a different set of circuit modifications.
How and When Did the Tibetan Plateau Grow?
Authors: Guillot S. , Goussin F. , Airaghi L. , Replumaz A. , de Sigoyer J. , Cordier C. 
Published: September 2019

Abstract
—Due to its size and high altitude, the growth of the Tibetan Plateau remains an enigma. Based on a synthesis of anterior collisions, paleoaltimetric data, geochemistry of ultrapotassic lava and their rare mantle enclaves, combined with a reinterpretation of tomographic data, we suppose that Tibet’s growth took take place in two main stages. Initially, the accretion of Gondwana terranes to the margin of South Asia, especially during the Early Triassic–Cretaceous period, resulted in the first episode of plateau growth, which affected an area of about 2/3 of the current plateau. We suppose that during the Late Cretaceous, the Tibetan crust reached a thickness of about 50–55 km, which is equivalent to an altitude of about 2500 to 3000 m, with local landforms that could have exceeded 4000 m. Another important consequence of these successive accretions was a strong metasomatism and a softening of the upper part of the Tibetan cover. The P wave low-velocity anomaly currently observed under the central part of Tibet would correspond not to a temperature anomaly but to a composition anomaly. From 50 Ma onwards, the convergence between India and Asia, estimated at about 1000 km on the Tibetan side, led to a shortening of the plateau by about 40%. We suppose that this additional shortening, which has led to the current thickness of the Earth’s crust of about 70 km and an average altitude of 4800 m, has been compensated by the reactivation of the continental slabs along the previous sutures and by the homogeneous shortening of the crust.
Color matching of full ceramic versus metal-ceramic crowns - a spectrophotometric study
Authors: Greța Delia Cristina , Gasparik Cristina , Colosi Horațiu Alexandru , Dudea Diana 
Published: September 2019

Background and aims. To verify the color match of metal-ceramic and full ceramic crowns, using instrumental methods.
Methods. A number of 153 teeth (anterior and posterior teeth), in 62 patients, were restored with metal ceramic (MC, n=119), pressed-ceramic (PC, n=28), and zirconia-ceramic (ZC, n=6) full coverage crowns. The shade of a reference natural tooth was recorded instrumentally with a dental spectrophotometer (Vitaeasyshade Advance 4.0) in “single tooth measurement”, which provided the base color in Vita Classic (VC) and Vita 3D Master shades (3D).
For verifying the outcome of the restoration “verify restoration” mode was used, and ΔE values were recorded for both VC and 3D Master shade guides. Moreover, matching symbols were also recorded (***=good, **=fair, *=poor). Descriptive statistics was performed and data were analyzed (One-sample z-Test, α=0.05) for comparison with visual thresholds in dentistry (Perceptibility Threshold – PT=1.2 and Acceptability Threshold – AT=2.7).
Results. The data did not follow a normal distribution (Kolmogorov-Smirnov test, p<0.05). Recorded color difference was significantly higher than PT and AT, for all types of restorations, regardless of the coding system (p<0.05). For MC crowns in 2.52% (4.20% for 3D) of the cases the color difference was smaller than PT, in 19.32% (the same for 3D) of cases was between PT and AT, and in 78.15% (76.47% for 3D) of cases was higher than the AT. For PC crowns in 3.57% (0% for 3D) of the cases the color difference was smaller than PT, in 25% (32.14% for 3D) of cases was between PT and AT, and in 71.42% (67.85% for 3D) of cases was higher than the AT. In the case of ZC crowns none of the restorations had color difference smaller than PT, but in 16.66% of cases was between PT and AT, and in 83.33% of cases was higher than the AT, for both VC and 3D.
Conclusion. Within the limitations of the study, a better color match was achieved in the case of pressed ceramic crowns, made of lithium disilicate. In most of the situations the color difference between the restoration and the reference tooth exceeded the perceptibility thresholds, but the matching was recorded as “fair” by the spectrophotometer.
Correlations between neutrophil to lymphocyte ratio, blood eosinophils and clinical characteristics in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease
Authors: Chis Ana Florica , Pop Carmen Monica 
Published: September 2019

Background and aims. Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is currently the third leading cause of death worldwide, with increasing mortality and morbidity. The neutrophil to lymphocyte ratio (NLR) and blood eosinophils level (EOS) represent biomarkers of inflammation in various diseases, with current research in the field of COPD. The aim of this study was to determine correlations of NLR and EOS with certain characteristics of COPD in a group of patients without major comorbidities.
Methods. We conducted an observational study on COPD patients admitted to the Clinical Hospital of Pneumology in Cluj-Napoca, Romania. The smoking history, body mass index (BMI), NLR, EOS, erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR), C-reactive protein (CRP) and the arterial partial pressure of oxygen (PaO2) were determined. Functional assessment consisted of spirometric and BODE index determinations. The duration of hospitalization was expressed as the length of stay (LOS). The patients were divided into 3 subgroups: active smokers (AS), former smokers (FS) and never smokers (NS).
Results. No significant differences between AS and FS were found when age, airway obstruction, BODE index, PaO2, ESR and CRP were considered. The NLR was higher in AS versus FS (p=0.035), while EOS was lower in AS group (p=0.061). COPD patients with ≥300EOS/μL had lower CRP, ESR levels and NLR compared to those with eosinophilia˂300/ μL (p=0.020, p=0.009 and p=0.007, respectively). With a threshold of 3.5 for NLR, patients with lower NLR had lower CRP values (p=0.05). COPD patients with higher NLR had significant lower EOS levels (p=0.018). Overall, the NLR and EOS were not correlated with the investigated characteristics (p˃0.05), but intragroup analysis (based on smoking status) revealed correlations with ESR (p=0.0001), CRP (p=0.053), BODE index (p=0.029) and LOS (p=0.042).
Conclusions. AS have higher NLR and lower EOS lelvels versus FS. COPD patients with higher EOS level have lower CRP, ESR and NLR. In AS, EOS level is positively correlated with BODE index and negatively correlated with NLR.
The Silicon Tracking System of the CBM Experiment at FAIR
Authors: Lymanets A. 
Published: September 2019

The Compressed Baryonic Matter (CBM) experiment at FAIR (Darmstadt, Germany) is designed to study the dense nuclear matter in a fixed target configuration with heavy ion beams up to kinetic energies of 11 AGeV for Au+Au collision. The charged particle tracking with below 2% momentum resolution will be performed by the Silicon Tracking System (STS) located in the aperture of a dipole magnet. The detector will be able to reconstruct secondary decay vertices of rare probes, e.g., multistrange hyperons, with 50 мm spatial resolution in the heavy-ion collision environment with up to 1000 charged particle per inelastic interaction at the 10 MHz collision rate. This task requires a highly granular fast detector with radiation tolerance enough to withstand a particle fluence of up to 1014 neq/cm2 1-MeV equivalent accumulated over several years of operation. The system comprises 8 tracking stations based on double-sided silicon microstrip sensors with 58 мm pitch and strips oriented at 7.5∘ stereo angle. The analog signals are read out via stacked microcables (up to 50 cm long) by the front-end electronics based on the STS-XYTER ASIC with self-triggering architecture. Detector modules with this structure will have a material budget between 0.3% and 1.5% radiation length increasing towards the periphery. First detector modules and ladders built from pre-final components have been operated in the demonstrator experiment mCBM at GSI-SIS18 (FAIR Phase-0) providing a test stand for the performance evaluation and system integration. The results of mSTS detector commissioning and the performance in the beam will be presented.
Results on Neutrino and Antineutrino Oscillations from the NOvA Experiment
Authors: Nosek T. 
Published: September 2019

NOvA is a two-detector long-baseline neutrino oscillation experiment using Fermilab’s 700 kW NuMI muon neutrino beam. With a total exposure of 8.85×1020 +12.33×1020 protons on target delivered to NuMI in the neutrino + antineutrino beam mode (78% more antineutrino data than in 2018), the experiment has made a 4.4q-significant observation of the ve appearance in a vм beam, measured oscillation parameters |Δm232|, sin2O23, and excluded most values near бCP = п/2 for the inverted neutrino mass hierarchy by more than 3q.
Heavy-Ion and Fixed-Target Physics in LHCb
Authors: Pugatch V. 
Published: September 2019

Selected results of the LHCb experiment on heavy ion collisions studied in the collider and fixed-target modes are presented. The clear evidence of the impact of the production mechanism (prompt/delayed, p-p or p-Pb systems) on the pT and rapidity distributions for J/ф, D0 and ϒ(ns) species is demonstrated. The interpretation of the observations in frames of theoretical models is briefly discussed. Some original results, as well as prospects of fixed-target mode studies, are presented.
TheorTheoretical Implications for the Analysis of Social Health Inequalities: A Discussionetical Implications for the Analysis of Social Health Inequalities: A Discussion
Authors: Barboza-Solís DDS, MSc, PhD Cristina , Sáenz-Bonilla MSc Juan Pablo , Fantin MSc Romain , Gómez-Duarte MD, MSc, PhD Ingrid , Rojas-Araya NP Karol 
Published: September 2019

Social health inequalities (or inequities) continue to represent a great challenge for public health research worldwide. Since 1991, the World Health Organization established that the study and analysis of health inequalities represented a priority for all countries. To better guide methodological and practical implications of health inequalities, research on this topic should present a solid theoretical model, able to impact future public health policies. Previous studies of health inequalities in Latin America are often inspired from abroad experiences, encouraging the reproduction of mainly European theoretical positions and methodologies. However, especially when it comes to this topic, it is known the important role of the social context and culture, playing an important role in promoting differences in health outcomes. From this perspective, to operationalize the different social determinants in health, a critical perspective and thoughtful analysis of the context is mandatory. In order to provide a critical analysis and useful tools for both research and health decision making, we recommend that the theoretical and methodological approaches used in social health inequalities research must be well adapted to the specific contexts; that health social stratification must be assessed as a priority; that individual and the wider health determinants must be well characterized; and that the theoretical justification of the methodological decisions made in the studies and the selected measures must be explicit and should answer specific hypotheses. This research provides a brief historical background, to share the basis for the conceptual evolution of social health inequalities; the main underlying concepts related to the definition of health inequalities (social determinants, equity, justice, stratification and social gradient in health); and some recommendations for the future perspectives of health inequalities research in Latin America.
A (CHR)3-flat trans-Sasakian manifold
Authors: Matsumoto Koji 
Published: September 2019

In [4] M. Prvanovic considered several curvaturelike tensors defined for Hermitian manifolds. Developing her ideas in [3], we defined in an almost contact Riemannian manifold another new curvaturelike tensor field, which is called a contact holomorphic Riemannian curvature tensor or briefly (CHR)3-curvature tensor. Then, we mainly researched (CHR)3-curvature tensor in a Sasakian manifold. Also we proved, that a conformally (CHR)3-flat Sasakian manifold does not exist. In the present paper, we consider this tensor field in a trans-Sasakian manifold. We calculate the (CHR)3-curvature tensor in a trans-Sasakian manifold. Also, the (CHR)3-Ricci tensor ρ3 and the (CHR)3-scalar curvature τ3 in a trans-Sasakian manifold have been obtained. Moreover, we define the notion of the (CHR)3-flatness in an almost contact Riemannian manifold. Then, we consider this notion in a trans-Sasakian manifold and determine the curvature tensor, the Ricci tensor and the scalar curvature. We proved that a (CHR)3-flat trans-Sasakian manifold is a generalized ɳ-Einstein manifold. Finally, we obtain the expression of the curvature tensor with respect to the Riemannian metric g of a trans-Sasakian manifold, if the latter is (CHR)3-flat.
Seismic behaviour of post-tensioned precast concrete beam–column connections
Authors: Hwang Jin-Ha , Choi Seung-Ho , Lee Deuck Hang , Kim Kang Su , Kwon Oh-Sung 
Published: September 2019

In a post-tensioned precast concrete beam–column connection, the precast beams are post-tensioned to ensure the integrity of the connection and to provide recentring characteristics when the connection is subjected to seismic loads. In this study, the post-tensioned precast concrete beam–column connections were tested under reverse-cyclic loading with the test variables of grout strength at the beam–column interface and prestressing stress of stands. The test results showed that the post-tensioned precast concrete beam–column connections have a seismic performance equivalent to that of a conventional reinforced concrete beam–column connection. When high prestress is applied, however, confinement reinforcement is required at the beam ends to secure sufficient deformation capacity without crushing of concrete. An analysis model for post-tensioned precast concrete beam–column connections is also proposed; the model considers the bond properties of prestressing strands, and provides good agreement with the experimental results.
Surgical treatment of liver alveococcosis
Authors: Bebezov B. Kh. , Bebezov Kh. S. , Umetaliev T. M. , Mamashev N. D. , Belekbaev T. M. , Surov E. A. , Esengulov Ch. T. , Ryspekov B. Z. 
Published: September 2019

Aim. To improve the results of diagnosis and surgical treatment of liver alveococcosis.Material and methods. There were 415 patients with liver alveococcosis for the period 2009–2018. Liver resection was performed in 364 patients. Metastases in the brain were detected in 7 patients, lungs – in 3 cases, soft tissues involvement – in another 3 ones. Hepatic-bronchial fistula occurred in 2 cases. Mean age of patients was 41 ± 2.3 years. There were 128 (30.8%) men and 287 (69.2%) women.Results. Advanced liver resection was performed in 187 patients, atypical resection – in 177 cases. R0-resection was carried out in 62.4% of cases, R1–2 procedures – in 37.6%, diagnostic laparotomy – in 4.4%. Four patients died in early postoperative period.Conclusion. The final decision about resectability may be made after intraoperative assessment, intraoperative ultrasound, Doppler sonography and liver mobilization. Liver resection for advanced alveococcosis is extensive, needs for resection and replacement of great vessels, as well as bile ducts repair. Radical treatment is R0-resection if distant metastases are absent. Redo surgery is advisable for liver alveococcosis.
Intra-arterial chemotherapy for advanced pancreatic cancer
Authors: Kozlov A. V. , Granov D. A. , Tarazov P. G. , Pavlovskiy A. V. , Korytova L. I. , Polikarpov A. A. , Popov S. A. , Rozengauz E. V. 
Published: September 2019

Objective. To study effectiveness of intra-arterial chemotherapy in patients with locally advanced and metastatic pancreatic cancer.Material and methods. There were 329 patients who underwent regional chemotherapy in 2000 – 2015 (infusion through celiac trunk – 167, chemoembolization of gastroduodenal artery – 52, combination of these methods – 72, combined chemo-radiotherapy – 38). Locally advanced unresectable pancreatic cancer with arterial invasion (T4 grade) was observed in 198 (60.2%) patients, liver metastases (stage IV) – in 131 (39.8%) patients. Chemoembolization or chemoradiation therapy was performed for patients without distant metastases.Results. The best results for unresectable pancreatic cancer were obtained in 160 patients after chemoembolization combined with infusion. Partial response was obtained in 24.1% of cases compared with 8.9% and 13.4% of cases after infusion or chemoembolization alone. Mean life expectancy was 15.5 months compared with 14.6 and 10.6 months, respectively. Median of life expectancy was 15.6 months compared with 11.7 and 10.8 months, respectively. At the same time, progression of disease was observed in the majority of 131 patients with metastatic cancer. Partial response was noted only in 2.3% of patients only after chemoinfusion. Survival and median survival after chemoinfusion and combination of chemoembolization with chemoinfusion were similar (10.1 (8.3) and 10.9 (7.5) months). Chemoradiotherapy in 4 patients with initially unresectable pancreatic cancer resulted reduction of tumor dimension by 28% (24–32%). Therefore, radical operations were performed later. One-year survival was achieved in 20 (58.8%) out of 34 patients with unresectable pancreatic cancer. Mean life expectancy was 15.4 months (median 13.8 months).Conclusion. Intra-arterial chemotherapy is effective treatment in patients with pancreatic cancer stage III and IV. Combination of celiac axis infusion with arterial embolization, as well as infusion with radiotherapy resulted the best survival. Certain advantage of chemoinfusion was found for liver metastases. The use of new chemotherapy modes for intra-arterial infusion requires further study.