bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Why are the Category of "Unnecessary" Borrowings or Parallel Lexical Units Still Present in Standard Albanian Language?
Authors: Kaҫi Myrta Manola 
Published: November 2024

Language, as a complete system of units and rules and at the same time a system not isolated, but open to changes, is the property of the society that uses it. Linguistic development and social development are accompanied by a mutual relationship between them, it would even be right to express the well-known definition that: there is no development that takes place in a society that does not leave its traces in the language system, especially in the system its lexicon. The developments that Albanian society has undergone in recent decades have made it possible for a relatively large number of borrowings to enter the Albanian language, mainly anglicisms. This phenomenon has caused a good part of Albanian linguists to be involved in the so-called cleaning process of relatively new borrowings or borrowings of the last decades in the Albanian language. Although discussions about the category of borrowed in the Albanian language constitute a very early linguistic reality, it should be noted that in the publications and scientific conferences of recent years it still continues to be treated as a matter of primary importance and as a growing phenomenon of continuous. Naturally, the perspectives of Albanian linguists on this field of study are different: some see the issue of borrowings as a very big damage done to the Albanian language, others see it as a natural state of language development, but not dangerous. for her. Despite the sometimes similar and approximate attitudes, but sometimes even contradictory, the aspect that unites most of the linguists who have dealt with this issue is related to the context in which the borrowed word is used, while the Albanian language has her answer. The questions we would raise in this context are: Should we call the phenomenon of the presence of "unnecessary borrowings" common in the Albanian language? The deep penetration into Albanian of these "parallel lexical units" or "synonyms" with the Albanian word should be seen and accepted as a natural development of the language and as a result of linguistic interaction in the conditions of global development, or should it be considered as a phenomenon that should be observed, even monitored, to some extent controlling its trends and developments?The aim of the paper is to create a description and reflection of the real situation of borrowings in Albanian, the place they have occupied in relation to the Albanian word and the approach of Albanian linguists and linguistics to this phenomenon. In another perspective, the paper aims to emphasize the irreplaceable role of the state and propose the creation of the missing law for the Albanian language in the Albanian legislation, with the aim of preserving the language from unnecessary linguistic elements that overlap the linguistic elements of its substratum autochthonous.

Received: 16 June 2024 / Accepted: 5 October 2024 / Published: 05 November 2024
Most Hampering Factors in the Implementation of Total Quality Management at Public Secondary Schools in South Africa
Authors: F. Makhoba Freddie , G. Moodley Kandasamy , Ramchander Manduth 
Published: November 2024

The study aims to investigate the most inhibiting factors to the implementation of Total Quality Management (TQM) at public secondary schools in the King Cetshwayo district of KwaZulu-Natal province in South Africa. The study adopted a posistivist paradigm and employed aa quantitative research approach in order to attend to the nature of the research problem and present numerical data. Three hundred (300) teachers and departmental heads were conveniently, but randomly sampled, and served with questionnaires to participate in the study. Empirical findings of this study revealed that the most factors hampering implementation of TQM at public secondary schools were the lack of resources/financial resources, failure by top management to create a suitable environment for quality improvement, lack of management skills, and poor commitment and philosophy to devise quality management strategies by top management. This paper indicates the suggested changes which the Department Basic Education needs to implement to improve the quality of education in public schools. The proposed changes are: to train and capacitate school principals regarding the best TQM to be implemented. There is a need to resource and fund schools to ensure all TQM-related infrastructure and human resources are available for effective or successful implementation.

Received: 23 March 2024 / Accepted: 30 October 2024 / Published: 05 November 2024
The Power of Neuromarketing as a Fuel to Drive Purchases in Local Retail (Piura 2024")
Authors: Mogollón García Francisco Segundo , Quiroga Ríos Blanca Carolina , Rodríguez Chamorro Shirley Lilette , Becerra Rojas Linda Diana , Arévalo Rodríguez Mirian Elizabeth , Sánchez Yarleque Anggie Melissa , Arismendiz Artemiza Garcia 
Published: November 2024

Neuromarketing studies the neurological brain responses to various marketing stimuli, such as visual, sound, colour and emotional elements, in order to understand in depth the cognitive and affective processes associated with consumer decision-making. Given its relevance, the objective is to determine how the power of neuromarketing acts as a fuel to drive purchase in a local retail store - Piura 2024. Methodologically, a quantitative approach was used with a non-experimental, descriptive-correlational and transversal design. A total of 384 frequent customers, of legal age and with purchasing power, participated. The findings of this study are an irrefutable testimony to the transformative power of neuromarketing in this local setting (Piura). With a Spearman correlation coefficient of 0.823 (p < 0.01), a strong and statistically significant positive correlation between neuromarketing and purchase decision is revealed, demonstrating that this innovative discipline has the ability to profoundly influence consumer behaviour. These results are a call to action for companies in the sector to adopt neuromarketing strategies that allow them to connect with their customers in a more effective and emotional way, thus unleashing an unprecedented impact on their commercial success.

Received: 4 August 2024 / Accepted: 29 October 2024 / Published: 05 November 2024
The Influence of Autogenic Relaxation Therapy on Sleep Quality in Elderly Residents at the Rumoh Seujahtra Geunaseh Sayang Social Home, Ulee Kareng, Banda Aceh
Authors: Lidayani Wilda , Sartika Dewi , Iskandar Iskandar 
Published: November 2024

Aging is a stage in life marked by a decline in the body’s ability to adapt to its surroundings, leading to various health issues, including impaired sleep quality. One non-pharmacological intervention to address sleep disturbances is autogenic relaxation therapy, which helps modulate physiological responses and can enhance sleep quality for elderly. This study aimed to assess the impact of autogenic relaxation therapy on the sleep quality of elderly residents at the Rumoh Seujahtra Geunaseh Sayang Social Home in Ulee Kareng, Banda Aceh. This pre-experimental research employed a one-group pretest-posttest design. The population consisted of 59 elderly individuals, with a purposive sampling technique used to select a sample of 37 participants. Data were collected using a structured questionnaire. The study was conducted from May 17-19, 2024, at the Rumoh Seujahtra Geunaseh Sayang Social Home. The findings revealed that prior to the intervention, the majority of participants (78.9%, or 29 respondents) had poor sleep quality, while after receiving autogenic relaxation therapy, 59.5% (22 respondents) exhibited good sleep quality. Statistical analysis using the non-parametric Wilcoxon test showed a significant improvement in sleep quality with a p-value of 0.000 (p < 0.05). The study concluded that autogenic relaxation therapy has a positive effect on improving sleep quality in the elderly at the Rumoh Seujahtra Geunaseh Sayang Social Home, Ulee Kareng, Banda Aceh. It is recommended that elderly residents incorporate autogenic relaxation therapy into their routines to enhance sleep quality.
Analisis Kearifan Lokal Pesta Buah dan Bunga di Berastagi dalam Perspektif Komunikasi Budaya
Authors: Purba Endah Rananda Gita Br , Ritonga Muhammad Husni 
Published: November 2024

This study aims to determine the analysis of local wisdom of fruit and flower parties in Berastagi in the perspective of cultural communication This research The method used in this study is Qualitative Discriptive, which provides an overview and identification based on qualitative data. Nazir (2003) explains that the descriptive method not only provides an overview but also explains relationships, makes predictions and obtains the meaning and implications of a problem to be resolved. and directly to the field directly. The results of this research are cultural communication at the Karo fruit and flower festival through traditional media and art performances, through art performances during fruit and flower parties, the entire series of events uses traditional Karo dance. This performance features the Landek dance and the famous five-series dance in Tanah Karo. This festival is a clear example of how local traditions and culture can contribute to sustainable development and preservation of cultural heritage. The supporting factor in this fruit and flower festival is the awareness and concern of the Karo community, actively participating in the event. Mutual cooperation and the success of the event, as well as government support, provide a legal and financial basis for cultural promotion through regional tourism programs. The obstacles experienced are changes in lifestyle, the influence of foreign culture and modern lifestyles which can reduce people's interest, especially the younger generation, in local traditions. Because for them, this event has only become a spectacle, not an application and can be an example for preserving culture.
Полиализ перевода адвербиалий (на материале романа Э. Уортон «Эпоха невинности» на английском и русском языках)
Authors: Е.В. Неваленая 
Published: November 2024

В статье вводится новое понятие «полиализ перевода», обозначающее проведение сравнительно-сопоставительного исследования текстов оригинала и перевода художественного произведения в условиях множественности транскодирования на переводной язык. Выведенные формулы расчета симметрии/асимметрии планов содержания и выражения, возникающих при переводе адвербиалий с различными компонентами и модификаторами, позволяют определить степень сохранения или нарушения исходной структуры единиц перевода. Выявленные в ходе исследования цветообозначения с адвербиальным компонентом не только указывают на насыщенность и оттенок цвета, но и на качественную характеристику состояния объекта. Определено, что содержащие наречную характеристику прилагательные переводятся при помощи сложных, поликомпонентных прилагательных, существительных с предлогом и причастий, вследствие чего наблюдается симметрия плана содержания и асимметрия плана выражения при транскодировании адвербиалий с английского на русский язык по причине разноструктурности исходного и переводного языков.
The article defines a new direction of methodology for conducting research of the literary text’s lexical units comparative basis through several variants of its translation into Russian. The concept of translation polyalysis is introduced, which defines the described method of studying translation features. The derived formulas for calculating the symmetry/asymmetry of the content and formal plans that arise when translating adverbials with various components and modifiers allow us to trace the tendency to preserve or violate the original structure of translation units in the translated text. The color designations identified during the study with an adverbial component not only indicate the saturation and the color shade, but also the qualitative characteristic of the state of the object. It is determined that adjectives with adverbial characteristic are translated using complex, multicomponent adjectives, nouns with a preposition and participles. As a result, there is a symmetry of the content plan and an asymmetry of the formal plan when transcoding adverbial from English into Russian due to the difference in the structure of the source and translated languages.
A cross-disciplinary analysis of hedging in postgraduate students’ research proposals
Authors: O.A. Boginskaya 
Published: November 2024

The study explores the distribution of hedging devices in research proposals written by Russian postgraduatestudents majoring in engineering and humanities. In analyzing hedging from a cross-disciplinary perspective, this study adopted the methods of quantitative, contrastive and contextual analysis. Data were collected from 36 research proposals written by postgraduate students within the English language course. The results showed that research proposals written by humanities postgraduate students featured more hedges than those written by engineering ones, who did not tend to mitigate their claims. The low frequency of hedging markers in engineering research proposals was explained both by discipline-specific writing conventions and less developed language proficiency. The contrastive study of academic texts written by students majoring in two disciplines could complement the scarce body of research into non-native writers’ academic discourse and contribute to the practice in English for Academic Purposes teaching to postgraduate students. The findings can be used by curriculum designers to create materials for Russian postgraduate students who study English for Academic Purposes.
Целью исследования является сопоставительный анализ маркеров хеджирования в научных текстах аспирантов, обучающихся по специальностям гуманитарного и технического направлений подготовки. В процессе исследования хеджей были использованы методы количественного, контекстуального и контрастивного анализа. Материалом для сравнительного анализа послужили 36 проектов научных исследований, написанных аспирантами в рамках курса английского языка. Анализ показал, что проекты аспирантов гуманитарных специальностей содержали значительно большее количество маркеров хеджирования, чем тексты аспирантов технических специальностей, которые избегали смягчения категоричных высказываний. Был сделан вывод о том, что низкая частотность хеджей, являющихся важными компонентами академического дискурса, связана как с дисциплинарными особенностями письма, так и с более низким уровнем владения английским языком. Результаты исследования могут быть использованы при разработке материалов для преподавания английского языка для академических целей в рамках подготовки к кандидатскому экзамену.
Melanoma Acral Lentiginoso Invasor Recidivante Reporte de Caso y Revisión de Literatura
Authors: Romero Escamilla Diana Verónica , Perez Luna Mariana , Ramos Rodríguez Guillermo 
Published: November 2024

El melanoma acral es un subtipo raro de melanoma maligno cutáneo que se encuentra en la piel acral, principalmente en las plantas de los pies, las palmas de las manos y las uñas (subungueal). Muchas lesiones del melanoma acral se clasifican además como el subtipo de melanoma lentiginoso acral (MLA), basado en su patrón lentiginoso en la histología. El término acral se refiere a la ubicación de estas lesiones en las manos y los pies, con la mayoría que se encuentra en los pies. Representa el 2-3% de todos los Melanoma Maligno, sin embargo tiene un mal pronóstico, a menudo debido a la etapa más avanzada de presentación en el momento del diagnóstico. En el siguiente texto se reporta el caso de una paciente diagnosticada con melanoma acral recurrente local sin signos de actividad regional o a distancia del melanoma.
Chironomidae (Diptera) of the Šventoji and Žeimena sub-basins in Lithuania
Authors: Stasiukynas Laurynas , Laurindo da Silva Fabio , Havelka Jekaterina , Podėnas Sigitas , Lekoveckaitė Aistė 
Published: November 2024

Chironomidae, commonly known as non-biting midges, are key indicators of the health and biodiversity of freshwater ecosystems. They are also one of the most abundant and diverse groups of aquatic invertebrates. Although Chironomidae are ecologically important, abundant and diverse, there has been limited focused research on this group in Lithuania. Our study addresses this gap by analysing the diversity of Chironomidae in six Lithuanian streams.
In this study, we present a comprehensive list of Chironomidae collected from six streams with similar hydrological characteristics: three dammed and three undammed. Lithuania is home to 158 species of known species of Chironomidae, comprised of 22 species in the subfamily Tanypodinae, 87 in the Chironominae, 42 in the Orthocladiinae, four in the Diamesinae and three in the Prodiamesinae. Throughout our research, we collected 11,296 chironomid specimens using a D-shaped aquatic net. Amongst these specimens, we identified 89 species representing 65 genera and five subfamilies, including 37 species and 12 genera, were recorded for the first time in Lithuania. The subfamily Chironominae, with 28 genera and 6,816 specimens, has exhibited the highest abundance of non-biting midges both in terms of genera and individuals. Amongst the streams investigated, the Luknelė was the richest in diversity, harbouring 37 genera and 2,657 individuals, accounting for about 55% of the Chironomidae genera found during the research. Our findings significantly enhance the understanding of the Lithuanian Chironomidae fauna, marking the first comprehensive study of such a kind, as previous knowledge of this fauna has been derived only from related studies.
UTX-mediated conversion of CD8 progenitors to mediators in type 1 diabetes
Authors: Chen Ho-Chung , Zhang Shirley , Seyedsadr Maryam , McCarthy Ethan , Cheng Mandy , Ortega Jessica , Kohn Lisa , Lechner Melissa , Su Maureen 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
Type 1 Diabetes (T1D) is a CD8 T cell-mediated autoimmune disease characterized by the persistent destruction of pancreatic beta cells. Within the pancreatic lymph nodes (pLNs) where CD8 T cells are primed by antigen-presenting cells, a subset of CD8 T cell Tcf7+ progenitors with self-renewing stem-like properties was recently identified. These progenitors undergo differentiation and ultimately give rise to CD8 mediators, which enter the pancreas to cause beta cell destruction. Recent work has demonstrated that CD8 T cell differentiation from progenitors is subject to epigenetic regulation. Here, we identify the epigenetic regulator UTX (ubiquitously transcribed tetratricopeptide repeat, X chromosome) in promoting T1D by regulating the conversion of CD8 progenitors into mediator in pLNs. Non-obese diabetes (NOD) mice with T cell specific deletion of UTX displayed complete protection from T1D, which was associated with the accumulation of progenitor CD8 T cells and a reduced CD8 mediators in pLNs. Furthermore, knockout of UTX in human peripheral blood CD8 T cells demonstrated impaired differentiation into effector memory and terminally differentiated CD8 T cells. Treatment of NOD mice with GSK-J4, a histone demethylase inhibitor of JMJD3/UTX, delayed the spontaneous T1D development. Collectively, our findings show that UTX enhances the generation of CD8 mediators in pLNs, thereby facilitating T1D progression.
Investigating the contributions of microbial peptides in the induction of experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis
Authors: Schwegman Lance , Valencia Mary Jo , Forsthuber Thomas 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
Multiple sclerosis (MS) is an incurable neuroinflammatory autoimmune disease in which a patient’s immune system targets the myelin sheath of neurons. This impairs neuronal signaling to the periphery, often manifesting as severe pain, loss of vision, and partial paralysis. Several environmental and genetic risk factors, such as the DRB1*1501 allele, have been identified, but the exact etiology of this disease remains unclear. It is thought that MS is primarily mediated by myelin-reactive CD4+ T cells, but it remains unresolved how these cells are initially activated. Microbial peptides with amino acid sequences similar to myelin-derived peptides have previously been reported, however no pathogen has been firmly implicated in causing neuroinflammation via molecular mimicry. Previous work in our lab using the mouse model of MS, experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE), suggests that the concurrent presence of low frequencies of CD4+ T cells that recognize distinct myelin-derived antigens can act in concert to trigger neuroinflammation. We therefore hypothesize that the induction of T cell immunity against multiple microbial antigens with sequence similarity to self-peptides may generate T cell populations that contribute to the induction of EAE in humanized mice. With the data from this study, we hope to clarify the effects of microbial encounters and provide new insights into the pathogenesis of MS.
Machine learning reveals UHRF-X as a biomarker for systemic lupus erythematosus and an antagonistic protein against UHRF1 E3 ligase
Authors: Chuang Huai-Chia , Tan Tse-Hua 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
Inflammatory T cells contribute to the pathogenesis of the autoimmune diseases such as systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE). Analysis of the T-cell transcriptomics data of two independent SLE patient cohorts by three machine learning models revealed UHRF-X as a novel SLE biomarker. T-cell-specific UHRF-X transgenic mice manifested the induction of IL-17A and autoimmune inflammation. Mechanistically, UHRF-X prevented UHRF1-induced Lys48-linked ubiquitination and degradation of MAP4K3 (GLK), which is a kinase known to induce IL-17A. Consistently, IL-17A induction and autoimmune phenotypes of UHRF-X transgenic mice were obliterated by MAP4K3 knockout. Furthermore, UHRF-X protein was indeed overexpressed in peripheral blood T cells of SLE patients. Collectively, UHRF-X overexpression in T cells inhibits the E3 ligase function of UHRF1 and induces IL-17A-mediated autoimmune responses. This report unveils a novel gene that can block UHRF1 function, leading to autoimmune disease.
Heterogeneity of B cells in the immunoregulatory niche at the cribriform plate during EAE
Authors: Kovacs Kristof , Laaker Collin , Fabry Zsuzsanna 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
B cells may play regulatory roles in multiple sclerosis (MS) patients and experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE) mice. Recently, B cell development was revealed to occur in the meninges, inducing B cell tolerance toward central nervous system (CNS) antigens. Our group recently showed that neuroinflammation in EAE induces an immune regulatory niche at the cribriform plate (CP) meningeal lymphatics. Here we characterize the phenotype and regulatory function of B cells at the CP in a mouse model of CNS autoimmunity.
Using immunohistochemistry and cytofluorimetry, we found that the number of B cells increases during EAE at the CP niche. The majority of B cells form doublets, triplets and larger aggregates with dendritic cells (DC) at the CP. Single-cell RNA-sequencing of DC-interactor B cells showed that B cells undergo maturation at the CP. We identified upregulated genes indicative of different maturation stages characteristic of common lymphoid progenitors (Ly6D), early pro-B cells (Vpreb3, FOXO1), immature (BAFF-R) and mature (CD20) B cells. MetaScape analysis confirmed that B cells differentiate and become activated at the CP. We hypothesize that interaction with B cells induces a tolerogenic state in DCs, promoting the B cell-driven regulation of CNS autoimmunity.
In conclusion, we propose that B cells contribute to the formation of the CP immunoregulatory niche. This holds promise in elucidating potential implications of B cell immunomodulatory therapies in MS.