bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Surviving orthodontic graduate debt: Making correct career choices to manage debt re-payment, reduction or forgiveness
Authors: Haskell Bruce , Keefe Thomas 
Published: June 2019

ABSTRACT
Monetary pitfalls and traps await unwary residents upon graduation. The path to a financially satisfying personal and professional life is obtainable despite high student loan debt and limited income. Career and personal finance issues, student loan options, tax avoidance, bank lending policies, and practice purchases are reviewed. Career options of public service, salaried employee, per diem employee, and private practice ownership are compared in personal financial outcomes, taxation, and retirement consequences.
Participación de los padres en el rendimiento académico de alumnos de primaria. Revisión de literatura
Authors: Mayorquín Reyes Edwin Alexis , Zaldívar Colado Aníbal 
Published: June 2019

La educación es la base de la sociedad. Aun así, es frecuentemente confundida con adiestrar y adoctrinar; aunado a que sufre el desinterés de la familia, lo que facilita el fracaso escolar y provoca una creciente problemática en el rendimiento de los estudiantes desde hace años en México. Principalmente conformada por el triángulo maestro-alumno-padre de familia, requiere que estos elementos se desempeñen de manera adecuada para lograr el éxito académico. En el contexto mexicano, no obstante, la armonía entre las tres partes frecuentemente está corrompida y es ahí dónde surge el problema.
Este artículo revisa la literatura de investigación sobre la relación entre la participación de los padres y el rendimiento académico en estudiantes de educación primaria. Se trata de una revisión de 41 estudios publicados entre 2011 y 2019. Los resultados se clasifican en una tabla que incluye lugar y fecha de publicación, autor y principal contribución al área de estudio. Se discuten las coincidencias y divergencias de las publicaciones incluidas en este artículo; así como las tendencias futuras en esta línea de investigación.
PEMIKIRAN PENDIDIKAN ISLAM K.H. MUHAMMAD ZAINI ABDUL GHANI (STUDI PENDIDIKAN AKHLAK DI MARTAPURA, KALIMANTAN SELATAN)
Authors: Raiyah Ali Matur 
Published: June 2019

Abstract: This study uses qualitative method using biography approach which means the study of an individual by explaining the results of K.H Muhammad Zaini Abdul Ghani's thoughts. Research findings about Islamic education thought. K. H. Muhammad Zaini Abdul Ghani include the purpose of Islamic education which means to really know Allah SWT, so always remembering Him in every situation. Then, educators mean people who change students to be better, the curriculum which is used related with experience outside of school as part of educational activities. Then the method used by K.H. Muhammad Zaini Abdul Ghani is an exemplary method, habituation, *bandongan*, demonstration, and question and answer method. While the works of KH. Muhammad Zaini Abdul Ghani included Risalah al-Mubarakah, Manakib asy-syeikh Muhammad Samman al-Madani, Ar-risalat an nuraniyah fi syarh at-tawassulat as-sammaniyah, Nubzat min manaqib al imam al-masyhur bil ustadz al a ' zham Muhammad bin ali ba'alawi, Al-amdad fi Aurad Ahl Al-Widad, Manaqib Ash-Shaykh As-Sayyid Muhammad bin Abdul Qadir Al-Qadiri and Al-Fushul Al-Ilmiyah wa Al-Ushul Al-Hikamiyah.
Keywords: Thought, Islamic Education, K.H. Muhammad Zaini Abdul Ghani.
ANALISIS DAN DETERMINAN EFISIENSI SEKTOR KONSTRUKSI DI INDONESIA
Authors: Muftiadi Anang , . Rivani , Fordian Dian 
Published: June 2019

The construction sector business, as the backbone of infrastructure development is tend to be in-efficient and burdensome on national infrastructure costs. This study aims to explore the in-efficiency level and its determinants of Construction Sector businesses. Efficiency level is measured by input coefficients of Input-Output Table and use secondary data from Central Statistics Agency in 1995, 1998, 2000, 2003, 2005, 2008,and 2010.The results show, there is in-efficiency in Construction Sector at 2010 and is likely to continue to following years. The dominant source of the in-efficiency is Industrial Sector of Metal Products which provides steel and other metals as main materials in the Construction Sector. The petroleum refining industry that produces fuel accelerates the increase construction costs. The single national price policy of fuel is a instant step to reduce the negative impact of in-efficiency in Construction Sector. Sektor bisnis konstruksi yang menjadi tulang punggung pembangunan infrastruktur menunjukkan gejala in-efisiensi dan membebani biaya infrastruktur nasional. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui kecenderungan tingkat in-efisiensi tersebut dan menggali determinan in-efisiensi yang dihadapi oleh bisnis pada sektor konstruksi. Tingkat efisiensi diukur dengan Koefisiensi Input pada Tabel Input-Output dan menggunakan data sekunder dari Badan Pusat Statistik tahun 1995,1998,2000,2003,2005,2008, dan 2010.Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa Sektor Konstruksi mengalami in-efisiensi pada akhir tahun 2010 dan cenderung akan terus mengalami in-efisiensi pada tahun berikutnya. Sumber in-efisiensi terbesar berasal Sektor Industri Barang dari Logam yang menyediakan kebutuhan baja dan logam lainnya yang digunakan sebagai material penting Sektor Konstruksi. Industri pengilangan minyak bumi yang menghasilkan BBM turut mempercepat kenaikan biaya konstruksi. Kebijakan satu harga nasional menjadi langkah cepat untuk mengurangi dampak negatif in-efisiensi pada Sektor Konstruksi.
Authors: Nurdin Nurdin , Maddini Harsul 
Published: June 2019

Dato Karama atau Abdullah Raqie adalah seorang Ulama dari Minangkabau Sumatera Barat yang membawa Islam ke Sulawesi Tengah. Asal dan perannya telah lama menjadi perdebatan karena kurangnya sumber data yang terdokumentasi. Penelitian sebelumnya sebagian besar berfokus pada kedatangan Dato Karama di Palu sekitar tahun 1645 M dan peran yang dimainkannya dalam menyebarkan Islam setelah masa tersebut. Namun, tidak ada peneliti yang mengkaji hubungan Dato Karama dan kota kelahirannya di Koto Tangah, Minangkabau, Sumatra Barat. Dengan menggunakan metode historiografi, kami mempelajari asal usul Dato Karama di Sumatera Barat, kisah kedatangannya, dan perannya dalam menyebarkan Islam di Palu Sulawesi Tengah. Kami menemukan bahwa Dato Karama hidup dalam periode yang sama dengan seorang ulama terkenal di Koto Tangah Syekh Burhanuddin. Kami menduga keduanya belajar Islam dari Syekh Abdul Rauf Singkil Aceh. Dato Karama pindah ke Sulawesi Tengah setelah terlebih dahulu singgah di Sulawesi Selatan bersama tiga ulama terkenal Koto Tangah lainnya yaitu; Dato Ribandang, Dato Patimang, dan Dato Ri Tiro. Sejumlah artefak yang mirip dengan artefak daerah Sumatera Barat dapat ditemukan di Sulawesi Tengah. Hal ini membuktikan bahwa Dato Karama adalah seorang Ulama dari Sumatera Barat.
The Later Privy Council and a Distinctive New Zealand Jurisprudence: Curb or Spur?
Authors: Baragwanath David 
Published: June 2019

The Privy Council was New Zealand's final court from 1840 until 2004. Its influence was largely benign, correcting errors of principle and, both in the early days and very recently, affording protection to Māori. But despite important exceptions, its failure to fully acknowledge New Zealand's independent identity, seen most importantly in its refusal during five of its final six decades to acknowledge the true legal effect of the Treaty of Waitangi, delayed the evolution of a distinctive New Zealand jurisprudence.
Authorisation of Abortion for a "Serious Danger to Mental Health": Would the Practice Stand up to the Judicial Test?
Authors: Dixon Amy 
Published: June 2019

In Right to Life New Zealand Inc v The Abortion Supervisory Committee, Miller J observed that, "there is reason to doubt the lawfulness of many abortions authorised by certifying consultants". This article questions this observation through an interpretation of "serious danger … to … mental health", the most commonly cited ground for authorisation of abortion. Is "mental health" limited to "absence of mental illness" or does it also include "mental wellbeing", which might allow for a more liberal practice? The narrow definition would accord with one objective of the abortion scheme to respect the rights of the unborn child. The wider definition would allow certifying consultants to freely exercise their medical judgement, a condition on which the abortion scheme is based. This article argues that the latter argument is potentially stronger, but its success rests on the willingness of the judiciary to engage in ambulatory statutory interpretation in the controversial context of abortion. This article concludes by noting that a finding in favour of the narrow definition of mental health still confers substantial flexibility on consultants in assessing danger of mental illness. Finally, this article recommends that Parliament intervene to make the law certain.
High Court of New Zealand and Tokelau – A Recent Case
Authors: Angelo AH , Allan Ashleigh 
Published: June 2019

The decision of the High Court of New Zealand in the case of Pisaina Leilua-Lei Sam v The Council for the Ongoing Government of Tokelau and Faipule Foua Toloa (Sam v COG) provides an opportunity to consider the court system of Tokelau and to glimpse a largely unknown area of the law of New Zealand. It appears that Sam v COG is the first case to be decided by the High Court of New Zealand in the exercise of its jurisdiction as a separate Court of justice for Tokelau. This case note deals in turn with the structure of Tokelau's court system, the judgment in Sam v COG, and the future of the system.
Vicarious Liability and the Employment Rationale
Authors: Neild David 
Published: June 2019

This article argues that the employment relationship should remain the underpinning rationale for vicarious liability. The article draws a distinction between cases where liability is imposed because the defendant is an employer, and those where liability is based on agency. Other non-employment vicarious liability cases are distinguished using liability for breach of non-delegable duties. The article also considers English cases where vicarious liability has been extended to relationships with similar characteristics to employment, and argues that this approach should be preferred to the New Zealand Court of Appeal's approach in S v Attorney-General. At the end of the article there is a discussion of the relationship between exemplary damages and vicarious liability. It is argued that, although exemplary damages may be inappropriate in vicarious liability cases, they should be available for breach of a non-delegable duty. Such an approach may better explain some of the decided vicarious liability cases.
The Guts of a Torts Class
Authors: Austin Graeme W 
Published: June 2019

As a tribute to Professor Bill Atkin's unswerving dedication to the teaching of the law of torts, this article makes a few personal observations about tort law teaching at Victoria University of Wellington. The article's focus is the craft of so-called Socratic teaching, which, broadly described, involves inviting students to participate in classroom dialogue that scrutinises the quality of judicial reasoning. The article links that endeavour to the Law School’s obligation to act as a conscience and critic of society, and to its commitment to inculcate values associated with the rule of law.
Forecasting Monthly Maximum Temperatures in Kerbala Using Seasonal ARIMA Models.
Authors: K. Shathir Adnan , Ali Mohammed Saleh Layla , Amal Al-Din Majeed Sumayah 
Published: June 2019

Weather forecasting is an important issue in meteorology and scientific research.In this research, the Seasonal Auto Regressive.Integrated Moving Average.(ARIMA) model which is based on Box-Jenkins method was adopted to build the forecasting model. The max. Monthly temperature data for Kerbala city for the period (Jan.1980 to Dec.2016) was employed. The autocorrelation and partial autocorrelation functions for time series data from years 1980 to 2015 were used to identify the most appropriate orders of the ARIMA models. The validation test of these models were performed using the monthly max. Temperature of the year 2016. To calculate the model's accuracy and compare among them, statistical criteria such as MAE, RMSE, MAPE, and R2 were used. The model (2, 1, 2) × (1, 1, 1)12 gave the most accurate results and used to forecast the monthly max. Temperature for the period (2017 to 2021) for study region.
Production of Copper Powder from Ores by Elecrodeposition Process
Authors: Abbas Jasim Sundus , Abd Al-kadhum Mohsin Sajad , Ammory Jaafer Maithem 
Published: June 2019

This paper studies the preparation of Copper powder from copper sulphate aqueous solution (CuSO4.5H2O), sulfuric acid (H2SO4) and copper chloride (CuCl2.2H2O) by using the process of electrodeposition. Process of Powder deposition has been investigated for copper powder; it is a fine layer on cathode electrode by using the value of different from time of deposition (15, 30, 45, and 60) min. it is noticed the weight of the powder rises with the rise of time of depostion.
Diffractions of X-ray (XRD) revealed high crystallinity and pure copper powder not contain impurity or oxides. Optical microscopes have revealed the particles of copper have dendritic shapes. The size of Particles analyzer measured the size of a particle which is about (4.645) μm.
Spectrum of Haematological malignancies managed at tertiary centre: A one-year retrospective review
Authors: Shrestha Anjan , Thapa Shovana , Mnandhar Usha , Sayami Gita , Shrestha Pradeep K , Singh Yogendra P 
Published: June 2019

Introduction: Hematological malignancies are not uncommon and all ages and genders are affected. Hematological malignancies are a group of cancers that arise from a malignant transformation of cells of the bone marrow or lymphatic system. There are several classification systems for Hematological Malignancies. The WHO classification was the first worldwide consensus classification on hematological tumors.
Methods: We retrospectively collected data from the Department of Pathology and Hematology Unit of Internal medicine from 2015 to 2016. Hematological malignancies were analyzed clinically and with laboratory parameters. They were initially analyzed with complete blood counts and peripheral smear and diagnosed on the basis of Bone marrow morphological assessment, Immunophenotyping and cytogenetic and molecular markers and histopathology and Immunohistochemistry of Excised lymph node when applicable. Plasma cell dyscrasias were assessed clinically for features of CRAB (hypercalcemia, renal impairment, anemia and lytic lesion) and evaluation was done by hemogram, biochemical parameters and skeletal survey. Later plasma cell dyscrasias was diagnosed on the basis of bone marrow study, Immunofixation electrophoresis, serum free light chain assay, serum protein electrophoresis and myeloma defining events.
Results: There were 110 cases of hematological neoplasm from Feb 2015 till Jan 2016. Lymphoid neoplasm was the commonest hematological malignancies with 60.9% followed by myeloid neoplasm of 37.3% then histiocytic neoplasm of 1.5%. Median age at diagnosis for all Hematological malignancies was 55 years of age. In patients under 20 years of age, T ALL and LCH accounted each with o.9%. In young adult Patient, NHL was the most common HM whereas; MPN was the most common HM in adults. In older patients, PCN was the most common HM. Male were more prevalent than female in Hematological malignancies. Male accounted for 73.6% and female were 26.4% with male female ratio 2.7:1. In both male and female, Lymphoid Neoplasm was most frequent HM. In male PCN was the most frequent HM. In female, NHL, PCN and MPN was the most frequent HM. Lymphoid neoplasm included Mature B cell Neoplasm (MBCN) 43.6%, Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia (ALL) 7.3%, Hodgkins Lymphoma (HL) 5.5% and Mature T cell Neoplasm (MTCN) 3.6%. Plasma cell Neoplasm (PCN) (29%) was the commonest lymphoid neoplasm. Among the myeloid neoplasm (MN), Myeloproliferative neoplasm (MPN) accounted 19.1% followed by acute myeloid leukemia (AML) with 14.5% then Myelodysplastic syndrome (MDS) 4.5%. Chronic Myeloid Leukemia (CML) is the commonest HM among different subtypes of MPN.
Conclusion: HM can occur at any age group with median age at diagnosis of 55 years. Overall men are more affected with HM than women. In both male and female Lymphoid malignancies are frequent HM. There is difference in distribution pattern and subtypes of Hematological malignancies at different age group.
Operative management of pediatric empyema: a single center review
Authors: Sharma Aakriti , Sapkota Ranjan , Thapa Bibhusal , Sayami Prakash 
Published: June 2019

Introduction: Empyema thoracis is an uncommon complication of childhood pneumonias but a common problem faced by a thoracic surgeon. Its management is still controversial, with a range of treatment options available and evolving gradually towards adoption of video-assisted thoracoscopic surgery (VATS) as the most commonly practiced one.
Aim: The aim of this study was to review our experience in pediatric empyema thoracis.
Methods: It was a retrospective review of the prospectively recorded data, spanning a period of 18 months in the Department of Cardio-Thoracic and Vascular Surgery in Manmohan Cardio-Thoracic Vascular and Transplant Center.
Results: A total of 40 consecutive patients, 29 males and 11 females, aged 15 years or less were operated upon for a diagnosis of empyema thoracis made based on clinical, radiological and laboratory evidence. All of them were referred patients, mostly from pediatricians. VATS was undertaken in 36 of them, the remaining four treated by open approach. Deloculation sufficed in majority (26/40; 65%) of the patients which mostly (23/26; 90%) had either acute or subacute presentation. Decortication was required in 35% (14/40) of the patients. However, all of the patients but one had a successful outcome in terms of lung expansion, sterilization of the pleural cavity and absence of recurrence. There was no operative mortality.
Conclusion: Surgical management of pediatric thoracic empyema is feasible and safe with favorable outcome. VATS is gradually becoming the more favored modality of operative management.
Prediction of aneurysm location based on pattern of bleed on CT scan
Authors: Rajbhandari Binod , Sharma Mohan Raj , Shilpakar Sushil Krishna , Sedain Gopal , Pradhanang Amit , Shrestha Ram Kumar , Kafle Prakash , Shrestha Dipendra Kumar , Koirala Pushpa Raj 
Published: June 2019

Introduction: Computed tomography (CT) is the ‘gold standard’ for detecting subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH) and digital subtraction angiography (DSA) for visualizing the vascular pathology. There is some correlation between the pattern (based on Fisher grading) and location of bleed on CT scan and eventual location of cerebral aneurysm(s). Our aim was to assess the correlation between distribution of hemorrhage on the initial CT scan and eventual site of the ruptured aneurysm at our institution.
Methods: This retrospective review of prospectively collected data consisted of 50 patients with SAH over 8 months period. CT scan of patients performed within 72 hours after the ictus with suspected SAH were included in the study. Four neurosurgeons, who had at least three years of experience after being qualified, who were blind to the imaging studies, analyzed and scored independently the quantity and distribution of the hemorrhage on CT. Their prediction of the site of the ruptured aneurysm was recorded and this was correlated with the CT angiography (CTA) and/ or DSA findings.
Results: Overall accuracy of prediction was 71.6 % (68.2-75%). Parenchymal cerebral hematoma was an excellent predictor for the site of a ruptured aneurysm but was present in only a few cases (16%). The next valid predictor was blood distribution on CT for ruptured anterior communicating artery (ACom) and middle cerebral artery (MCA) aneurysms (89.4% and 85% respectively). Pattern of blood on CT together with CTA/DSA findings was found to be reliable for identifying the ruptured aneurysm in patients with multiple aneurysms in all cases.
Conclusion: The quantity and pattern of the blood on CT is a fairly reliable and quick tool for locating a ruptured MCA or ACom aneurysms. It is not, however, reliable for locating other ruptured aneurysms.
Segment III bypass: An Option to Palliate Proximal Biliary Obstruction
Authors: Bhandari Ramesh Singh 
Published: June 2019

Introduction: In the era of minimally invasive therapy, endoscopic or interventional radiological techniques have become preferred technique for palliating advanced malignant hilar obstruction due to carcinoma gallbladder or cholangiocarcionmas. However, in selected group of these locally advanced unresectable disease and fit patients, surgical segment III bypass could still be a viable option for palliation.
Methods: I retrospectively reviewed the medical records of all the patients of segment III bypass performed over last six years (Oct 2012- May 2018) and analyzed the indication, perioperative morbidity, symptom relief and survival.
Results: Total 17 patients underwent palliative biliary bypass over the specified period. Among them 8 patients underwent segment three III biliary bypass for proximal biliary obstruction. Except 1 patient, all segment three bypass were offered to malignant proximal biliary obstruction. One patient developed postoperative sepsis and had mortality on day 7. Symptom relief in the form of relief of pruritus, improved sleep pattern and improved appetite was seen in 5 patients. In remaining 2 patients, the bilirubin didn’t drop to normal level and the symptom reliefs were partial. However, the patient had good satisfaction over not having an external tube attached to their body. Despite the patent anastomosis, failure in dropping bilirubin level significantly was considered due to segmental obstructions. One patient survived for 18months, 1 had follow up to 13 months. Three patients were lost to follow up after 3 months. Two patients had six weeks follow up and were symptomatically doing better.
Conclusion: Surgical segment III bypass is still a good option for palliating malignant hilar obstruction in selected group of patients.
Spontaneous perforated pyometra presenting as an acute abdomen: appraisal of three consecutive cases
Authors: Paudyal Pooja , Baral Josie , Gurung Geeta , Rana Ashma , Rawal Suniti , Singh Meeta 
Published: June 2019

Introduction: Pyometra is the accumulation of purulent fluid in the uterine cavity caused by impaired drainage of pus due to benign or malignant conditions; rarely with resultant spontaneous uterine perforation brought about by uterine distension.
Cases: We report three consecutive cases of spontaneous perforated pyometra in postmenopausal elderly women aged 60 to 70 years who presented with acute abdomen, initially diagnosed as hollow viscus perforation, demonstrated of having significant uterine perforation at laparotomy for which hysterectomy with bilateral salpingo-oophorectomy were done. Histopathological examination revealed features of necrosis of stroma with chronic endometritis without any evidence of malignancy in all the three cases.
Conclusion: Spontaneous perforated pyometra, a grave complication necessitating prompt intervention, should always be kept as a possibility in all cases of suspected pyoperitoneum and acute abdomen in elderly postmenopausal women.