bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Les demeures anciennes d’Addis-Abeba. Discours et pratiques autour du patrimoine dans une métropole en reconstruction / The old residences of Addis Ababa. Discourses and practices around heritage in a city under reconstruction
Authors: Duroyaume Perrine 
Published: March 2019

The old residences of Addis Ababa. Discourses and practices around heritage in a city under reconstruction.
Built during the founding of Addis Ababa by the high dignitaries of the empire, the old residences have been recognised as heritage by the public authorities since the beginning of the 1980s. Their architectural style, a blend of foreign in uences stampedwith an Ethiopian air, makes it a remarkable heritage in an urban landscape. Nevertheless, the successive inventories carried out by theMunicipality of AddisAbaba very seldomlead to the restoration of the homes whose often unsuitable uses have accelerated their deterioration. The progressive disappearance of this heritage, ampli ed by urban modernisation projects, preoccupies researchers and association that regularly sound the alarm. How can we explain this gap between public recognition of the old residences, and the absence of a voluntarist policy to preserve them ? As a response, this article interrogates the diverging representations regarding the place of this heritage within a capital, a symbol of a state under construction. Through the literature on Addis Ababa produced by European and Ethiopian researchers, the old residences are viewed as a witness to the founding of the Empire and of a unique social mix. Public authorities display strong contradictions and discontinuities regarding the preservation of this heritage. Beyond the tensions over the value of this heritage, this article explores the practices of owners (individuals, religious, public, and community) that maintain the buildings accord -ing to their own logics, demonstrating the diversity, but also the lack of a framework, in restoration initiatives. It concludes with a re ection on the news in the wake of themunicipal decision to restore several old residences within a framework of tourism development.
A Review of the Aroid Tribe Caladieae with the Description of Three New Species of Caladium and Seven New Species of Syngonium (Araceae)
Authors: Croat Thomas B. , Delannay Xavier , Ortiz Orlando O. , Diaz Jiménez Pedro 
Published: March 2019

A review of the aroid tribe Caladieae is presented, and three new species of Caladium Vent. and seven new species of Syngonium Schott are described and illustrated. Two species, C. picturatum K. Koch & C. D. Bouché and C. steudnerifolium Engl., previously considered to be synonymous with C. bicolor (Aiton) Vent., are fully redescribed. New species of Caladium are C. cortesae Croat & E. G. Gonç., C. palaciosii Croat & L. P. Hannon, and C. stevensonii Croat & Delannay. New species of Syngonium are S. adsettiorum Croat, O. Ortiz & J. S. Harrison, S. bastimentoense O. Ortiz & Croat, S. brewsterense Croat & Delannay, S. churchillii Croat & O. Ortiz, S. litense Croat, S. purpureospathum Croat & Raz, and S. tacotalpense Díaz-Jiménez & Croat. Syngonium yurimaguense Engl. is also reported for the first time outside the Amazon Basin.
Encoding reflexivity: The syntax and semantics of natural reflexives
Authors: Jo Jinwoo 
Published: March 2019

This paper suggests that reflexivity of natural reflexives is encoded through a universal reflexive element, Refl(exive). The function of Refl is to (i) take two open predicates of type <e,st>, (ii) associate the unsaturated variables of the predicates with each other, and (iii) return another predicate of type <e,st> (cf. Labelle 2008). Crosslinguistic differences regarding the reflexive (Reinhart & Siloni 2005) are attributed to the different selectional properties of Refl in different languages. The proposed analysis offers an account of the typology of the reflexive in purely syntactic terms, extending Pylkkanen’s (2008) analysis of causatives to the reflexive.
On the Origin of Polytropic Behavior in Space and Astrophysical Plasmas
Authors: Livadiotis G. 
Published: March 2019

Abstract
It is shown that the polytropic behavior—a specific power-law relationship among the thermal plasma moments—restricts the functional form of the distribution of particle velocities and energies. Surprisingly, the polytropic behavior requires the statistical mechanics of the plasma particles to obey the framework of kappa distributions. An already known interesting property of these distributions is that they can lead to the polytropic relationship. New results show that the reverse derivation is also true, thus, the polytropic behavior has the role of a mechanism generating kappa distributions. Ultimately, an observation of a polytropic behavior in plasma particle populations constitutes a possible indirect observation of kappa velocity or energy distributions. Finally, it is discussed how the derived equivalence between the polytropic behavior and the kappa distribution function can be used in further modeling and data analyses in space and astrophysical plasmas.
Atmospheres on Nonsynchronized Eccentric-tilted Exoplanets. II. Thermal Light Curves
Authors: Ohno Kazumasa , Zhang Xi 
Published: March 2019

Abstract
Thermal light-curve analysis is a powerful approach to probe the thermal structures of exoplanetary atmospheres, which are greatly influenced by the planetary obliquity and eccentricity. Here we investigate the thermal light curves of eccentric-tilted exoplanets across various radiative timescales, eccentricities, obliquities, and viewing geometries using results of shallow-water simulations presented in Ohno & Zhang. We also achieve an analytical theory of the thermal light curve that can explain general trends in the light curves of tilted exoplanets. For tilted planets in circular orbits, the orbital phase of the flux peak is largely controlled by either the flux from the hot spot projected onto the orbital plane or the pole heated at the summer solstice, depending on the radiative timescale τ
rad, planetary day P
orb, and obliquity θ. We find that tilted planets potentially produce the flux peak after the secondary eclipse when obliquity is θ ≳ 90° for the hot regime τ
rad ≪ P
rot or θ ≳ 18° for the cool regime τ
rad ≫ P
rot. For tilted planets in eccentric orbits, the shape of the light curve is considerably influenced by the heating at the periapse. The flux peak occurring after the secondary eclipse can be used to distinguish tilted planets from nontilted planets when the periapse takes place before the secondary eclipse. Our results could help to constrain exoplanet obliquities in future observations.
Sounds Discordant: Classical Distance Ladder and ΛCDM-based Determinations of the Cosmological Sound Horizon
Authors: Aylor Kevin , Joy Mackenzie , Knox Lloyd , Millea Marius , Raghunathan Srinivasan , Wu W. L. Kimmy 
Published: March 2019

Abstract
Type Ia supernovae, calibrated by classical distance ladder methods, can be used, in conjunction with galaxy survey two-point correlation functions, to empirically determine the size of the sound horizon r
s. Assumption of the ΛCDM model, together with data to constrain its parameters, can also be used to determine the size of the sound horizon. Using a variety of cosmic microwave background (CMB) data sets to constrain ΛCDM parameters, we find the model-based sound horizon to be larger than the empirically determined one with a statistical significance of between 2σ and 3σ, depending on the data set. If reconciliation requires a change to the cosmological model, we argue that change is likely to be important in the two decades of scale factor evolution prior to recombination. Future CMB observations will therefore likely be able to test any such adjustments; e.g., a third-generation CMB survey like SPT-3G can achieve a threefold improvement in the constraints on r
s in the ΛCDM model extended to allow additional light degrees of freedom.
A Fast and Accurate Method to Capture the Solar Corona/Transition Region Enthalpy Exchange
Authors: Johnston C. D. , Bradshaw S. J. 
Published: March 2019

Abstract
The brightness of the emission from coronal loops in the solar atmosphere is strongly dependent on the temperature and density of the confined plasma. After a release of energy, these loops undergo a heating and upflow phase, followed by a cooling and downflow cycle. Throughout, there are significant variations in the properties of the coronal plasma. In particular, the increased coronal temperature leads to an excess downward heat flux that the transition region (TR) is unable to radiate. This generates an enthalpy flux from the TR to the corona, increasing the coronal density. The enthalpy exchange is highly sensitive to the TR resolution in numerical simulations. With a numerically underresolved TR, major errors occur in simulating the coronal density evolution and, thus, the predicted loop emission. This Letter presents a new method that addresses the difficulty of obtaining the correct interaction between the corona and corona/chromosphere interface. In the TR, an adaptive thermal conduction approach is used that broadens any unresolved parts of the atmosphere. We show that this approach, referred to as TRAC, successfully removes the influence of numerical resolution on the coronal density response to heating while maintaining high levels of agreement with fully resolved models. When employed with coarse spatial resolutions, typically achieved in multidimensional MHD codes, the peak density errors are less than 3% and the computation time is three orders of magnitude faster than fully resolved field-aligned models. The advantages of using TRAC in field-aligned hydrodynamic and multidimensional magnetohydrodynamic simulations are discussed.
Unveiling a Few Astronomical Unit Scale Rotation Structure around the Protostar in B335
Authors: Imai Muneaki , Oya Yoko , Sakai Nami , López-Sepulcre Ana , Watanabe Yoshimasa , Yamamoto Satoshi 
Published: March 2019

Abstract
We report a kinematic structure in the innermost envelope of the low-mass Class 0 protostar IRAS 19347+0727 in the Bok globule B335 observed at the best angular resolution ever achieved for this source with ALMA. This is based on observations of complex organic molecule emission in the 1.2 mm band, which selectively traces a hot and dense area around the protostar. The distribution of the CH3OH and HCOOH emission is resolved, and a clear velocity gradient is observed. Moreover, the direction of the gradient is found to be different between these two molecules. These features are well explained by the model of an infalling and rotating gas, but not by the model of a Keplerian motion. The protostellar mass and the radius of the centrifugal barrier are determined to be 0.02–0.06 M
⊙ and <5 au, respectively. The different directions of the gradients observed for CH3OH and HCOOH are interpreted as the different sizes of their distributions. On the other hand, the SiO emission seems to trace a compact region at the closest vicinity of the protostar, which is a launching point of the outflow or a shocked region caused by the gas accretion onto the protostar. These results first reveal the transition zone from the infalling motion to the rotating motion in this representative isolated protostellar source, which has long been employed as a testbed for star formation studies.
Extremely Low Molecular Gas Content in a Compact, Quiescent Galaxy at z = 1.522
Authors: Bezanson Rachel , Spilker Justin , Williams Christina C. , Whitaker Katherine E. , Narayanan Desika , Weiner Benjamin , Franx Marijn 
Published: March 2019

Abstract
One of the greatest challenges to theoretical models of massive galaxy formation is the regulation of star formation at early times. The relative roles of molecular gas expulsion, depletion, and stabilization are uncertain as direct observational constraints of the gas reservoirs in quenched or quenching galaxies at high redshift are scant. We present ALMA observations of CO(2–1) in a massive (

), recently quenched galaxy at z = 1.522. The optical spectrum of this object shows strong Balmer absorption lines, which implies that star formation ceased ∼0.8 Gyr ago. We do not detect CO(2–1) line emission, placing an upper limit on the molecular

gas mass of

. The implied gas fraction is

,

lower than typical star-forming galaxies at similar stellar masses at this redshift, among the lowest gas fractions at this specific star formation rate at any epoch, and the most stringent constraint on the gas contents of a

passive galaxy to date. Our observations show that the depletion of

from the interstellar medium of quenched objects can be both efficient and fairly complete, in contrast to recent claims of significant cold gas in recently quenched galaxies. We explore the variation in observed gas fractions in high-z galaxies and show that galaxies with high stellar surface density have low

, similar to recent correlations between specific star formation rate and stellar surface density.
Effect of Timing and Duration of Statin Exposure on Risk of Hip or Knee Revision Arthroplasty: A Population-based Cohort Study
Authors: Cook Michael J. , Sorial Antony K. , Lunt Mark , Board Tim N. , O’Neill Terence W. 
Published: March 2019

Objectives.To determine whether the timing and duration of statin exposure following total hip/knee arthroplasty (THA/TKA) influence the risk of revision arthroplasty.Methods.Subjects from the Clinical Practice Research Datalink, a large population-based clinical database, who had THA/TKA from 1988 to 2016, were included. Propensity score adjusted Cox regression models were used to determine the association between statin exposure and the risk of revision THA/TKA, (1) at any time, and (2) if first exposed 0–1, 1–5, or > 5 years following THA/TKA. We also investigated the effect of duration of statin exposure (< 1, 1–2, 2–3, 3–4, 4–5, > 5 yrs).Results.The study included 151,305 participants. There were 65,032 (43%) exposed to statins during followup and 3500 (2.3%) had revision arthroplasty. In a propensity score adjusted model, exposure to statins was associated with a reduced risk of revision arthroplasty (HR 0.82, 95% CI 0.75–0.90). Participants first exposed within 1 year and between 1 and 5 years following THA/TKA (vs unexposed) had a reduced risk of revision arthroplasty (HR 0.82, 95% CI 0.74–0.91 and HR 0.76, 95% CI 0.65–0.90, respectively). In relation to duration of statin therapy, participants exposed for more than 5 years in total (vs < 1 yr) had a reduced risk of revision (HR 0.74, 95% CI 0.62–0.88).Conclusion.Statin therapy initiated up to 5 years following THA/TKA may reduce the risk of revision arthroplasty.
Validation of the Intermittent and Constant Osteoarthritis Pain Questionnaire in Patients with Hand Osteoarthritis: Results from the Nor-Hand Study
Authors: Gløersen Marthe , Steen Pettersen Pernille , Kvien Tore K. , Haugen Ida K. 
Published: March 2019

Objective.To examine the validity of a modified Intermittent and Constant Osteoarthritis Pain (ICOAP) questionnaire for assessment of pain in hand osteoarthritis (OA).Methods.The modified ICOAP-hand questionnaire was administered to 300 patients [89% female, median (interquartile range) age: 61 (57–66) yrs] in the Nor-Hand observational cohort study. The questionnaire was completed twice by 31 patients and test-retest reliability was assessed by intraclass correlation coefficients (ICC) for sum scores and weighted κ scores for individual items. Internal consistency was assessed by Cronbach’s alpha coefficient and item-total correlations. Correlations between the ICOAP-hand questionnaire, the Australian/Canadian Hand OA Index (AUSCAN) hand pain subscale, and pain on a numerical rating scale (NRS) were analyzed using Spearman correlation analyses.Results.We found a substantial overlap between constant and intermittent pain (46% reporting constant + intermittent pain and 33% reporting no pain). Test-retest reliability analysis of ICOAP-hand showed an ICC of 0.89 for the total scale and weighted κ values between 0.39–0.70 for the individual items. Principal component analysis revealed one component with an eigenvalue of 7.9, explaining 72% of the total variance. Cronbach’s alpha coefficient values > 0.93 and strong item-total correlations proved high internal consistency. ICOAP-hand was strongly correlated with NRS hand pain and the AUSCAN pain subscale.Conclusion.ICOAP-hand is a reliable pain index that correlates with other available pain questionnaires. However, our results indicate that constant and intermittent pain do not represent separate constructs in hand OA, questioning the usefulness of the 2 subscales. [ClinicalTrials.gov:NCT03083548]
Black (anti)fandom's intersectional politicization of "The Walking Dead" as a transmedia franchise
Authors: Rendell James 
Published: March 2019

Despite axiomatic industry and academic discourses of The Walking Dead's (2010–) status as quality TV—linked to its graphic visuals and compelling story lines—strong counterclaims question the text's (mis)representations of race and its propensity for systematically killing off Black male characters. An analysis of African Americans' responses to marginalized Black male characters politicizes the racial milieu of the series against the backdrop of wider racial relationships in the United States. Moreover, The Walking Dead is a successful transmedia franchise, and thus racial discourse shifts and changes, depending on which transmedia texts are being consumed. Thus, Black antifan rhetoric aimed at the spin-off series Fear the Walking Dead (2015–) centers on the zombification of Black men, a metaphor of the mistreatment and othering of young Black men by US police. Comparatively, The Walking Dead video game (TellTale Games, 2012) offers character development for its Black male lead character that fans praise against wider cultural representations in relation to both the franchise's hyperdiegesis and to video games in general. Therefore, Black audiences may read The Walking Dead as both racially reductive and radical. In doing so, aspects of self-identity, such as race, can inform (anti)fan positions through intersectional politics.
Transnational audiences and Asian American performance in the musical "KPOP"
Authors: Conley Miyoko 
Published: March 2019

This essay contends with the question of how K-pop, audience performance, and race are intertwined by examining the award-winning musical KPOP. Through its immersive multimedia structure, KPOP reveals how the complex and racialized intertwining of mediated idol and mediated audience complicates the performance of Asian and Asian American identity, and ultimately leads its audience to a different space than an us-versus-them binary.
Jóvenes y subjetividad negada: Apuntes para pensar la intervención socioeducativa sobre prácticas autolesivas y suicidio
Authors: Kaplan Carina V. , Szapu Ezequiel 
Published: March 2019

La negación de la subjetividad producto de las desigualdades provoca en las y los jóvenes estudiantes sentimientos de vacío existencial que pueden conducir a actos de violencia contra sí mismos. Los fenómenos de autoagresiones físicas y suicidio son expresiones de un dolor social que no logra ser canalizado por otras vías. En este trabajo se presentan una serie de resultados de una investigación de carácter socioeducativo cuyo propósito es comprender la construcción social de las emociones en la vida escolar y sus relaciones con la producción de las violencias. A partir de entrevistas en profundidad se interpreta la perspectiva estudiantil en función de identificar y caracterizar las problemáticas vinculadas a las prácticas de suicidio y autolesión. Al aumentar la recurrencia entre la población joven y atravesar la trama escolar, dichos fenómenos comienzan a ocupar un lugar destacado en la agenda de políticas públicas y en la elaboración de estrategias destinadas a la intervención socioeducativa.
Monitoring potential ionospheric changes caused by the Van earthquake (Mw7.2)
Authors: Inyurt Samed , Peker Selcuk , Mekik Cetin 
Published: March 2019

Abstract. Many scientists from different disciplines have studied earthquakes for many
years. As a result of these studies, it has been proposed that some changes
take place in the ionosphere layer before, during or after earthquakes, and
that the ionosphere should be monitored in earthquake prediction studies.
This study investigates the changes in the ionosphere created by the
earthquake with a magnitude of Mw=7.2 in the northwest of Lake
Erçek, which is located to the north of the province of Van in Turkey on
23 October 2011 and at 13:41 local time (−3 UT) with the epicenter of
38.75∘ N, 43.36∘ E using the TEC values obtained by the
global ionosphere models (GIMs) created by IONOLAB-TEC and CODE. In order to
see whether the ionospheric changes obtained by the study in question were
caused by the earthquake or not, the ionospheric conditions were studied by
utilizing indices providing information on solar and geomagnetic activities
(F10.7 cm, Kp, Dst). One of the results of the statistical test of the TEC values obtained from
both models is positive and negative anomalies obtained for the times before,
on the day of and after the earthquake, and the reasons for these anomalies
are discussed in detail in the last section of the study. As the ionospheric
conditions on the analyzed days were highly variable, it was thought that the
anomalies were caused by geomagnetic effects, solar activity and the
earthquake.
Development of a dynamic dust source map for NMME-DREAM v1.0 model based on MODIS Normalized Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI) over the Arabian Peninsula
Authors: Solomos Stavros , Abuelgasim Abdelgadir , Spyrou Christos , Binietoglou Ioannis , Nickovic Slobodan 
Published: March 2019

Abstract. We developed a time-dependent dust source map for the NMME Dust Regional Atmospheric Model
(DREAM v1.0) based on the satellite MODIS Normalized Difference Vegetation
Index (NDVI). Areas with NDVI <0.1 are classified as active dust sources.
The updated modeling system is tested for dust emission capabilities over SW
Asia using a mesoscale model grid increment of 0.1∘×0.1∘ for a period of 1 year (2016). Our results indicate significant
deviations in simulated aerosol optical depths (AODs) compared to the static
dust source approach and general increase in dust loads over the selected
domain. Comparison with MODIS AOD indicates a more realistic spatial
distribution of dust in the dynamic source simulations compared to the static
dust sources approach. The modeled AOD bias is improved from −0.140 to
0.083 for the case of dust events (i.e., for AOD >0.25) and from −0.933
to −0.424 for dust episodes with AOD >1. This new development can be
easily applied to other time periods, models, and different areas worldwide
for a local fine tuning of the parameterization and assessment of its
performance.
“To the green earth's end”: Milton and the Geographies of A Mask
Authors: Achinstein Sharon 
Published: March 2019

ABSTRACT
Milton's A Mask Presented at Ludlow Castle has long been understood to engage an ethical debate about the proper use of nature, and this article establishes a previously neglected biographical context for understanding the literary, ethical, and historical contexts for that debate. By exploring the multiple geographies of A Mask (local, literary, and global), the article understands Milton's engagement with the moral discussion of the commercial enterprises of early modern Britain and thinks about ideas of geography as a means of interpretation.