bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Caracterização Sociodemográfica e de Saúde de Mães com Neonatos na Unidade de Terapia Intensiva Neonatal
Authors: Lima Sebastião Elan dos Santos Lima , Maia Rodrigo da Silva , Torres Hemily Taina de Melo , Macêdo Maria Gabriella Madruga de , Maia Eulália Maria Chaves 
Published: November 2024

Objetivo: Compreender os fatores sociodemográficos e de saúde das mães e dos neonatos hospitalizados na unidade de terapia intensiva neonatal e como eles influenciam durante a hospitalização. Método: O estudo é quantitativo e transversal realizado com 90 mães em uma maternidade de referência no estado do Rio Grande do Norte. Aplicou-se um questionário sociodemográfico e de saúde, para análise dos dados utilizou-se da estatística descritiva com distribuição de frequências e médias. Resultados: A maioria das participantes reside no interior do estado, são domésticas ou desempregadas de baixa renda familiar, com união estável/casadas, nível de escolaridade mediana e sem experiências anteriores com filho na UTI neonatal. Conclusão: Os perfis das mães evidenciam uma população que necessita de uma assistência com informações claras e horizontalizadas, requerendo uma articulação com apoio familiar e assistencial para promoção de um período hospitalar menos traumático, com garantia e concretização dos direitos a um cuidado humanizado, de qualidade e equitativo.
Descritores: Mães, prematuridade, Unidades de Terapia Intensiva Neonatal.
Antifungal activity of thiadiazole derivative in experimental candidiasis in mice
Authors: Ivkin D. Yu. , Karavaeva A. V. , Chernykh T. F. , Krasnova M. V. 
Published: November 2024

Introduction. In the modern world, more attention is paid to the problem of increasing cases of mycosis. In October 2022, the World Health Organization (WHO) published the first fungal priority pathogens list which constitute the greatest danger to human health. Among mycotic infections, one of the leading positions in frequency is occupied by various forms of candidiasis. The WHO has classified Candida albicans as a critical priority group. Therefore, the search for new effective antimycotics is relevant. A new derivative of 1,3,4-thiadiazole was synthesized at Saint-Petersburg State Chemical and Pharmaceutical University. In vitro experiments, it was shown that it has a wide spectrum of antifungal activity in effectiveness comparable to voriconazole.Aim. To evaluate the antifungal activity of 2-[(1Z)-1-(3,5-diphenyl-1,3,4-thiadiazol-2(3H)-ylidene)methyl]-3,5-diphenyl-1,3,4-thiadiazole-3-ium (thiadiazole derivative, TD) chloride drug substance in non-invasive bowel candidiasis and acute septicemia (sepsis) models caused by C. albicans.Materials and methods. Simulations of non-invasive intestinal candidiasis were performed by infecting BALB/c mice with candida with free access to a drinking bottle containing C. albicans yeast cells suspension. Previously, dysbiosis was caused in animals by adding a solution of antibiotics (vancomycin, clindamycin, gentamicin) in drinking water. Simulations of C. albicans-induced acute septicemia were performed by infecting BALB/c mice with intravenous yeast culture suspension. After the mice were infected, the test substance and the comparators Voriconazole and Fluconazole were administered intragastrically once daily. At the end of the experiment, the number of fallen animals were estimated and microbiological examination of internal organs was carried out.Results and discussion. It was shown that the number of yeast cells secreted from the large and small intestines in mice with non-invasive intestinal candidiasis after administration of a new thiadiazole derivative at all doses tested (1, 5, 10 mg/kg) were significantly reduced compared with control group No. 6 without treatment. At 10 mg/kg, the test substance demonstrated anticandidosis effects at the level of comparators drugs, Voriconazole and Fluconazole. In mice with septicemia, mortality also depended from the dose of the thiadiazole derivative, but only 10 mg/kg proved to be an effective dose.Conclusion. The study revealed that the new thiadiazol derivative 2-[(1Z)-1-(3,5-diphenyl-1,3,4-thiadiazol-2(3H)-ylidene) methyl]-3,5-diphenyl-1,3,4-thiadiazole-3-ium showed antifungal activity against Candida albicans in the model of non-invasive intestinal candidiasis and the model of septicemia (sepsis). At 10 mg/kg, TD was found to be active at the level of comparators, Voriconazole and Fluconazole.
Assessment of the risks of impacts of heavy metals and arsenic entering the human body with herbal medicines
Authors: Galenko M. S. , Gravel I. V. 
Published: November 2024

Introduction. Liquid dosage forms based on medicinal plant raw materials are very convenient to use and must meet safety requirements. In the context of harmonization of pharmacopoeial requirements, determining the total content of heavy metals in tinctures is not enough. Risk assessment is necessary to calculate the permissible concentrations of heavy metals in tinctures.Aim. To assess the safety of using tinctures in terms of the content of heavy metals and arsenic within the framework of a risk-oriented strategy.Materials and methods. The objects of the study were 20 samples of valerian and motherwort tinctures manufactured by various enterprises. The quantitative content of 15 elements (As, Cd, Co, Cr, Cu, Fe, Hg, Mn, Mo, Ni, Pb, Sr, Tl, V, Zn) was determined by inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry.Results and discussion. The concentrations of elements in tinctures varied in the range of 0–1.84 μg/g. Manganese and zinc were found in maximum quantities, while cadmium, molybdenum and vanadium were found in minimum quantities. Mercury was not detected in any of the samples. The content of toxic elements in the tinctures did not exceed the levels of permissible concentrations regulated by the normative documentation of the Russian Federation. Total hazard indices (HI) were calculated at the levels of the median and 90th percentile of the content of elemental toxicants. In the tinctures, they were, respectively: valerian – 0.016 · 10–5 and 0.027 · 10–5, motherwort – 0.022 · 10–5 and 0.028 · 10–5. The obtained values were significantly lower than 1.0. Calculation of individual carcinogenic risk (CR) of elemental carcinogens (Cd, As, Cr, Pb) entering the body with tinctures of valerian and motherwort showed that the CR values were in the range of 4.9 · 10–9–6.84 · 10–7, which did not exceed the permissible threshold value (1 · 10–6).Conclusions. The actual content of toxic elements (Pb, Cd, As, Hg) in tinctures of valerian and motherwort was 0–0.006 μg/g, which did not exceed the levels of permissible concentrations. Calculations of non-carcinogenic risks when using tinctures of valerian and motherwort showed that the total impact of 15 studied elements on human health when consuming a daily dose of tinctures is characterized as permissible, periodic monitoring of the content of non-standardized elements in samples of herbal medicines is not required. It was established that the studied tinctures of valerian and motherwort are not oncogenic factors and do not require risk reduction measures.
Nutlin-3 promotes HBV replication by activating mTOR-mediated autophagy
Authors: Han Shaowei , Li Yuanyuan , Wang Junnan , Zhang Yong 
Published: November 2024

BackgroundCurrently, there are approximately 240 million individuals worldwide suffering from chronic hepatitis B infection, yet a definitive cure remains elusive. In the context of pharmaceutical interventions for this patient population, the potential issue of Hepatitis B virus (HBV) reactivation must be taken into consideration. Nutlin-3 is a small molecule of imidazoline analog, which inhibits tumor growth by suppressing the interaction between human double minute 2 (HDM2) and p53. However, whether it affects HBV replication is not clear.MethodsHepG2.2.15 cells were used to assess the impact of Nutlin-3 on HBV replication. The expression of Hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg) and Hepatitis B e antigen (HBeAg) was detected by ELISA. The expression of pregenomic RNA (pgRNA) and core-DNA was detected by RT-qPCR. The activation of relevant signaling pathways was assessed through Western blotting and confocal microscopy detection of the expression of associated proteins.ResultsWe found that Nutlin-3 significantly enhances the expression of HBsAg and HBeAg, and it also promotes the expression of pgRNA and Core-DNA. Nutlin-3 promotes HBV replication independent of the HDM2. Instead, it activates the autophagy pathway through p53-mediated mTOR inhibition to promote HBV replication.ConclusionWhen using Nutlin-3 for cancer therapy, it’s important to be aware of the potential side effect of promoting HBV replication in individuals with chronic hepatitis B infection.
Some class of nonlinear partial differential equations in the ring of copolynomials over a commutative ring
Authors: Gefter Sergiy L. , Piven' Aleksey L. 
Published: November 2024

We study the copolynomials, i.e., K-linear mappings from the ring of polynomials K[x] into the commutative ring K. With the help of the Cauchy–Stieltjes transform of a copolynomial, we introduce and examine a multiplication of copolynomials. We investigate the Cauchy problem related to the nonlinear partial differential equation ∂u∂t=aum0(∂u∂x)m1(∂2u∂x2)m2(∂3u∂x3)m3, m0,m1,m2,m3∈ℕ0, ∑j=03mj>0, a∈K in the ring of copolynomials. To find a solution, we use the series of powers of the δ-function. As examples, we consider the Cauchy problem with the Euler–Hopf equation ∂u∂t+u∂u∂x=0, for a Hamilton–Jacobi type equation ∂u∂t=(∂u∂x)2, and for the Harry Dym equation ∂u∂t=u3∂3u∂x3.
The nonlinear relationship between estimated glomerular filtration rate and cardiovascular disease in US adults: a cross-sectional study from NHANES 2007–2018
Authors: Zhou Ce , Zhou You , Shuai Niannian , Zhou Jiaxiu , Kuang Xin 
Published: November 2024

Background and aimEstimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) is a key indicator of kidney function and is associated with numerous health conditions. This study examines the association between eGFR and cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk in a representative cohort of the US adult population.MethodsA cross-sectional analysis was conducted using data from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) from 2007 to 2018. The study included 31,020 participants aged 20 years and older. The eGFR estimates were calculated using the Chronic Kidney Disease Epidemiology Collaboration (CKD-EPI) equation. CVD was defined as a self-reported physician's diagnosis of congestive heart failure, coronary heart disease, angina pectoris, myocardial infarction, or stroke. To assess the association between eGFR and CVD risk, the study employed weighted linear regression and generalized additive models.ResultsThe study revealed a significant non-linear inverse association between eGFR and CVD risk, with a threshold effect observed at 99.3 ml/min/1.73 m². Below this threshold, each 10-unit increase in eGFR was associated with a 13% decrease in the odds of CVD (OR: 0.87, 95% CI: 0.84–0.90, P &lt; 0.001). Above this threshold, no significant association was found between eGFR and CVD risk (OR: 1.04, 95% CI: 0.90–1.20, P = 0.60), indicating that further increases in eGFR beyond this point were not associated with additional cardiovascular benefits. Subgroup analyses revealed significant interactions for eGFR categories, anemia status, and ratio of family income to poverty (PIR).ConclusionsThis study shows that there is a non-linear relationship between eGFR and CVD risk in the US adult population. The study found evidence of a threshold effect. These findings emphasize the importance of monitoring and managing CVD risk factors in individuals with reduced kidney function, especially those with eGFR values below the identified threshold. The relationship between eGFR and CVD risk varies across different subgroups, particularly in relation to eGFR categories, anemia status, and socioeconomic factors.The results provide valuable insights for developing targeted CVD prevention and treatment strategies based on kidney function status.
Exploring research trends and hotspots on PCSK9 inhibitor studies: a bibliometric and visual analysis spanning 2007 to 2023
Authors: Lai Ping , Xu Shuquan , Liu Ziyou , Ling Jiayuan , Tian Kejun , Yan Jianwei , Chen Dong , Zhong Yiming , Xue Jinhua 
Published: November 2024

BackgroundFollowing the identification of proprotein convertase subtilisin/kexin type 9 (PCSK9) inhibitors, research in this area has experienced significant growth. However, a thorough bibliometric analysis of this burgeoning field remains conspicuously absent. The current study aims to delineate research hotspots and anticipate future trends on PCSK9 inhibitors employing bibliometric analysis.MethodsA systematic search was conducted in the Web of Science Core Collection (WoSCC) to identify scholarly articles and reviews pertaining to PCSK9 inhibitors, yielding 1,812 documents. Data extraction was followed by analysis and visualization using Excel, VOSviewer, and CiteSpace software.ResultsA total of 1,812 publications were included in the final analysis. Ray, KK from the UK was the most prolific author, followed by Pordy, R from the USA. The USA led in publication output [number of publications (Np):776] and number of citations without self-citations (Nc) at 34,289, as well as an H-index of 93. “Cardiovascular System Cardiology” emerged as the predominant subject area. Amgen and the Journal of Clinical Lipidology were identified as the most active institution and journal, respectively. Keywords such as “lipoprotein(a),” “bempedoic acid,” “percutaneous coronary intervention,” “inclisiran,” “peripheral artery disease,” “mortality,” and “endothelial dysfunction” are gaining prominence in the field.ConclusionThe research on PCSK9 inhibitors is experiencing a sustained growth trajectory. The USA exerts considerable influence in this area, with the Journal of Clinical Lipidology expected to feature more groundbreaking studies. Research on “lipoprotein(a)”, “bempedoic acid”, “percutaneous coronary intervention”, “peripheral artery disease”, and “endothelial dysfunction” are poised to become focal points of future investigation.
Surgical outcomes in adolescents and adults with anomalous aortic origin of a coronary artery
Authors: Li Baotong , Ding Li , Sun Hansong 
Published: November 2024

BackgroundAnomalous aortic origin of a coronary artery (AAOCA) is associated with an increased risk of myocardial ischemia and sudden cardiac death. This study aims to evaluate the medium-term outcomes of surgical repair for AAOCA and to introduce a novel off-pump technique for anomalous coronary artery reimplantation.MethodsWe retrospectively reviewed the medical records of 12 patients aged 12 years and older who underwent AAOCA surgery at Fuwai Hospital between 2009 and 2016.ResultsThe median age at surgery was 26 years (range, 13–57 years). Patients with an anomalous left coronary artery from the right sinus (ALCA-R) were significantly younger than those with an anomalous right coronary artery from the left sinus (ARCA-L) (P &lt; 0.001). During a median follow-up of 13 years (range, 8–15years), 11 patients had widely patent repaired coronary arteries, with the exception of one patient (case 5) who experienced occlusion of the left internal mammary artery graft 1 year post-CABG. The incidence of postoperative cardiac-type symptoms (angina, syncope or dyspnea) was higher in ALCA-R patients compared to ARCA-L patients. Patch angioplasty using a pulmonary artery patch and RCA reimplantation without cardiopulmonary bypass yielded satisfactory medium-term outcomes.ConclusionsCompared with ARCA-L, the incidence of postoperative cardiac-type symptoms was higher in ALCA-R patients. Properly selected surgical procedures can lead to successful outcomes in patients with AAOCA. Patch angioplasty with a pulmonary artery patch and RCA reimplantation without cardiopulmonary bypass are viable and effective surgical options. CABG may not be the preferred surgical approach for AAOCA.
SPISE INDEX (Single point insulin sensitivity estimator): indicator of insulin resistance in children and adolescents with overweight and obesity
Authors: Tantari Giacomo , Bassi Marta , Pistorio Angela , Minuto Nicola , Napoli Flavia , Piccolo Gianluca , La Valle Alberto , Spacco Giordano , Cervello Carla , D’Annunzio Giuseppe , Maghnie Mohamad 
Published: November 2024

BackgroundInsulin resistance in children and adolescents with obesity is linked to increased risk of type 2 diabetes mellitus and cardiovascular disease. The SPISE index, based on values of fasting triglycerides (mg/dL), HDL cholesterol (mg/dL), and BMI (kg/m2), shows promise in predicting insulin resistance in children.MethodsThis study aimed to identify a SPISE cut-off for detecting insulin resistance and evaluate its relationship with pubertal development, anthropometrics, and glycometabolic profile in 232 children and adolescents, 105 males and 127 females (median age 13.2 years) with overweight (n=48) and obesity (n=184). SPISE index was calculated with the formula: 600 x HDL Cholesterol0,185/Triglycerides0,2x BMI1,338, and patients were categorized based on Tanner stages [(Group 1 (18.8%) Tanner 1, Group 2 (44.6%) Tanner 2-3-4, Group 3 (36.6%) Tanner 5)].ResultsA SPISE cut-off ≤ 6.92 or ≤ 6.13 (based on the method used for insulin resistance detection), in subjects with Tanner stages I and II, showed good sensitivity and specificity as a marker of insulin resistance. SPISE index decreased significantly with the advancement of pubertal status (P &lt; 0.0001) and with worsening severity of obesity (P &lt; 0.0001). While no significant differences in SPISE marker were observed between patients with normal and abnormal glucose tolerance during OGTT within any pubertal stage, SPISE values were significantly lower in patients with confirmed insulin resistance (total sum of insulin OGTT ≥ 535 µu/mL) in all three pubertal groups (Group 1: P=0.008; Group 2: P=0.0008 and Group 3: P=0.002, respectively).ConclusionsIn children and adolescents with obesity the SPISE index can be proposed as an alternative to OGTT and other insulin-based methods for evaluating insulin resistance. Its advantage lies in using readily available and inexpensive laboratory tests, making it suitable for large-scale studies and follow-up monitoring across diverse populations.
Association between various insulin resistance indices and cardiovascular disease in middle-aged and elderly individuals: evidence from two prospectives nationwide cohort surveys
Authors: Li Yan , Li Huijuan , Chen Xiaoyu , Liang Xueyan 
Published: November 2024

BackgroundThe estimated glucose disposal rate (eGDR), triglyceride glucose (TyG), triglyceride to high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (TG/HDL-C) ratio, and metabolic score for insulin resistance (METS-IR) are dependent indicators of insulin resistance (IR). We aimed to evaluate the association between these indicators and the current or feature incidence of cardiovascular disease (CVD) in middle-aged and elderly individuals. This study tests the hypothesis that IR indices positively or negatively correlate with CVD, and that the potential predictive performance of the IR indices was not the same.MethodsMiddle-aged and elderly individuals from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) and the China Health and Retirement Longitudinal Study (CHARLS) with complete data on eGDR, TyG, TG/HDL-C, and METS-IR at baseline were obtained. The association between the four indices and CVD was evaluated using multivariate logistic regression analysis. In addition, an adjusted restricted cubic spline (RCS) was applied. Finally, the potential predictive performance of the IR indices was assessed using receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves.ResultsWe included 7,220 participants (mean age: 61.9 ± 10.7 years; 54.0% male) from the NHANES cohort and 6,426 participants (mean age: 57.9 ± 8.4 years; 45.2% male) from the CHARLS cohort in the study. Multivariate logistic regression analysis indicated that a decreasing eGDR significantly increased the incidence of CVD both presently and in the future. Similarly, a higher TyG level and METS-IR were significantly associated with a higher incidence of CVD at both timeframes. However, the TG/HDL-C ratio was not significantly associated with CVD, heart disease, or stroke. No significant interactions were observed between the continuous or quartile variables of eGDR, TyG, TG/HDL-C, or METS-IR, and the incidence of various endpoints across most subgroups. The ROC curve indicated the superior predictive performance of the IR indices. Furthermore, the eGDR was superior to other IR indices for the prediction of CVD both at present and in the future in middle-aged and elderly individuals.ConclusionAs continuous variables, eGDR, TyG, and METS-IR were significantly associated with the incidence of CVD, both currently and in the future, among middle-aged and elderly individuals. Notably, incorporating eGDR, TyG, or METS-IR and the basic model significantly increased the predictive value for CVD. Among these indices, the eGDR index stands out as the most promising parameter for predicting CVD, both at present and in the future.
Research on the impact of dual pilot projects for low-carbon and innovative cities on carbon emission efficiency
Authors: Deng Guangyao , Wu You , Qian Jiao 
Published: November 2024

IntroductionTo achieve higher levels of development in China, building an environmentally friendly, low-carbon economic system is crucial, and policymaking plays a key role in this. Low-carbon and innovative cities pilot were launched in 2010 and 2008, respectively, with the range of pilot cities continuing to expand to date. This study aimed to calculating carbon emission efficiency and exploration the impact of dual pilot low carbon cities and innovative cities on carbon emission efficiency.MethodsUsing a multi-period DID model, this study analyses data from 284 prefecture-level cities in China between 2006 and 2020. The Super-SBM model with undesired output is applied to calculate urban carbon emission efficiency.ResultsThe study performs a sequence of robustness tests; it is still found that the dual-pilot policy has a positive promotion effect on urban carbon emission efficiency. Heterogeneity analysis indicates that the effect of dual-pilot is more significant in the central and western regions, with notable differences observed regardless of city size. The impact mechanism analysis finds that the dual-pilot policy boosts the rate by enhancing green innovation in general. The synergy analysis found that the efficiency improvement effect of the dual-pilot on carbon emissions would be more significant than that of the single-pilot policy, indicating that the dual-pilot policy has a synergistic effect and is still significant two years after either the single-pilot or the dual-pilot.DiscussionThe findings indicate that the dual-pilot policy has a better capacity to reduce carbon emission and improve its efficiency, which can work to achieve green development. Nevertheless, the limitation is that it fails to reflect spatial differences, and the relevant research will be further strengthened.