bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
UV Pre-Treatment for Polycarbonate for Bonding LSR in a Multi-Component Injection Molding Process
Authors: Schlitt C. U. , Hartung M. , Rüppel A. , Giesen R.-U. , Heim H.-P. 
Published: March 2019

AbstractIn this study, the influence of UVC radiation and the influence of ozone on the surface energy of specimens made of polycarbonate were investigated. In an additional step, the peeling resistance of silicone flaps, which were overmolded, onto pre-treated PC plates of multicomponent specimens were analyzed. For this purpose, the samples were exposed to UVC radiation for different lengths of time, ranging from 5 s to 3 600 s. To further evaluate the influence of the ozone created by the UVC in the presence of oxygen, treatments were also performed in pure oxygen and nitrogen atmospheres. Contact angle measurements as well as analyses of the surface roughness were carried out to evaluate the effect of the treatment. Two phenomena were identified during the investigations. In room air and oxygen atmospheres, a short-term effect of UVC radiation was observed, which led to an increase in the surface energy, and, therefore, also to an increase in the wettability after an exposure time of only 10 s. In addition, a long-term effect was also found when tests were performed in a nitrogen atmosphere. This effect became visible after at least 60 s, and increased over the course of the duration exposure. The surface roughness of the polycarbonate plates increased up to about 60 % after 10 s of UVC exposure time in an air atmosphere, after 300 s of exposure to UVC radiation the roughness values had more than doubled. A modular injection molding tool was designed for the production of multi-component specimens. In this tool, a thermoplastic plate is molded on the one side, and is then automatically transferred by a robot system to be overmolded with silicone on the other side. The employed injection molding technique makes an intermediate treatment, such as surface activation of the thermoplastic plate, possible before it is overmolded. Also, the short-term and long-term effects of UVC treatment were able to be verified again for the peeling resistance of the material. These tests were only carried out for specimens treated in air.
Thermal, Tensile, Electrical, Dynamic Mechanical Thermal and Rheological Properties of Polyvinylidene Fluoride and Fluoroelastomer Composites Filled with Carbon Black
Authors: Moezzi M. D. , Karrabi M. , Jahani Y. 
Published: March 2019

AbstractThe present work was focused on studying the effects of different CB loadings on the rheological, thermal, tensile, dynamic mechanical and electrical properties of polyvinylidenefluoride (PVDF) and FKM composites. To these ends, the CB grade and method chosen for compound preparation were CB (N330) and melt mixing, respectively. The composites were melt blended with CB at 190 °C in an internal mixer, after which the properties of filled and unfilled composites were compared. The presence of CB improved the mechanical properties, such as the Young's modulus and tensile strength, and increased thermal stability given the high thermal stability of CB and the interaction between the CB particles and the polymer matrices. The dynamic mechanical thermal analysis (DMTA) showed the glass transition temperatures of the composites. The analysis also revealed that the area under the loss tangent (tan δ) peak decreased and that the tan δ temperature of the rubber phase increased with CB loading. The increase in the electrical conductivity of the composites under different CB loadings was also examined, and the percolation threshold of conductive thermoplastic vulcanizate composite based on conductive CB was observed. The effect of CB and its content on rheological behavior of the PVDF/FKM blends was studied and the experimental data was correlated by a physical model named General Equation Model (GEM). A relation between rheology and conductivity of the blends with filler percolation was found.
Fabrication of Double-Sided Micro-Lens Array Using UV Injection Molding
Authors: Chen X.-L. , Ke K.-C. , Chang N.-W. , Chen Y.-H. , Yang S.-Y. 
Published: March 2019

Abstract
This paper reports the fabrication of double-sided micro-lens arrays using a UV injection molding process. The apparatus for UV injection molding is designed and implemented. Because the double-sided micro-lens array is fabricated using a UV-curable resin, the molds must be transparent. An alignment system is also required to align the cavities. In preparing the transparent molds, the cavities for the concave micro-lens and the alignment marks are first machined on the aluminum block. Using electroforming and hot embossing, transparent polycarbonate (PC) molds that have cavities for the MLAs and the alignment marks are fabricated. The PC molds are mounted on the UV injection molding apparatus using a pneumatic clamp. A real-time optical alignment system that comprises a CCD and an X-Y table is used to align the marks in the upper and lower molds. After alignment, the UV-curable resin is injected into the molds using a pneumatic dispenser. When the resin is cured with UV light, a double-sided micro-lens array is fabricated. The cycle time is 45 s. The respective degrees of replication for a convex and a concave micro-lens array are 99.74 % and 99.00 %. The respective standard deviation values for the diameter and the height are 1.3 μm, and 1.5 μm. The optical properties of the double-sided micro-lens array are measured. The average effective focal length is 1.686 mm, with a standard deviation of 0.007 mm, which demonstrates good formability and uniformity. Using the fabricated micro-lens array, the 1.2 mm diameter of the original light source is reduced to a 50 μm spot diameter. The images of an “A” pattern are complete and clear. This study demonstrates that a UV injection molding process that uses transparent PC molds can be used to fabricate a micro-lens array and other double-sided microstructures.
Global Modeling of Single Screw Extrusion with Slip Effects
Authors: Lewandowski A. , Wilczyński K. 
Published: March 2019

Abstract
An extensive study is presented on the polymer melt flow with slip effects in a single screw extrusion process. Fully three-dimensional non-Newtonian FEM computations are performed to design the screw pumping characteristics and the die characteristics which may be implemented into the composite model of the process. ANSYS Polyflow software is applied to model the melt flow in the extruder. An analysis is performed for the flow of polymers with slip effects both in the screw (on the screw and barrel surfaces) and in the die. Screw pumping characteristics and die characteristics are calculated and modeled for various power law indices, and various slipping parameters. The effect of slipping on extruder operation is discussed.
Thermomechanical Degradation of Polyetherimide (PEI) by Friction-Based Joining and the Effects on Quasi-Static Mechanical Strength of Hybrid Joints
Authors: Sônego M. , Abibe A. B. , Canevarolo S. V. , Bettini S. H. P. , dos Santos J. F. , Canto L. B. , Amancio-Filho S. T. 
Published: March 2019

Abstract
This study investigated quantitatively the thermomechanical degradation of polyetherimide (PEI) due to Friction-based Injection Clinching Joining (F-ICJ) and the effects on the mechanical strength of hybrid joints with aluminum. PEI samples extracted from process-affected regions of the joints were characterized in terms of their molecular weight distribution (MWD) and glass transition temperature (Tg), while mechanical strength of the joints was evaluated by cross tensile testing. PEI samples produced by the most severe joining condition showed decrease of 37 % of number-average molecular weight (Mn) and 17 % of weight-average molecular weight (Mw), while polydispersity index (Mw/Mn) increased 33 % as compared with as-received polymer. The chain scission distribution function (CSDF) indicated non-random multiple scissions as the main degradation mechanism of PEI due to F-ICJ. From the dependence of Tg with Mn the parameters of the Fox-Flory equation for PEI were obtained. A fractional factorial design of experiments was adopted to analyze the influence of the process parameters on the polymer degradation, based on Tg values. High level of PEI degradation and microstructural defects caused by high energy inputs have combined negative effect on the ultimate cross tensile force and displacement of joints. In general, these results can contribute to the knowledge of thermomechanical degradation of PEI and help with the optimization of F-ICJ.
Analysis of a Single-Screw Extruder with a Grooved Plasticizing Barrel – Experimental Investigation
Authors: Kettemann J. , Avila-Alfaro J. A. , Bonten C. 
Published: March 2019

Abstract
In the field of extrusion, a very promising high performance extruder was introduced to the European plastics industry in 1999. This new type of single-screw extruder combines a grooved plasticizing barrel with a barrier screw. Compared to conventional extrusion systems, these extruders have by far a higher output and product quality among other advantages such as lower processing costs and lower energy consumption. In the past, both Newtonian and non-Newtonian models were developed to calculate and predict the melting rate along the flow channel. The aim of this paper is to present experimental investigations on the processes within the melting zone of a single-screw extruder with a grooved plasticizing barrel. To visualize the melting mechanisms, screw extraction experiments as well as dynamic pressure measurements were performed. By means of screw extraction experiments a solid bed was clearly identified only in the solid channel and a melt pool only in the melt channel. Analysis of the dynamic pressure signals also showed the same behavior and therefore allowed in-line characterization of the melting process. Thus, theoretical concepts about the melting mechanisms could be confirmed experimentally.
Civilian Job Opportunities and Naval Re-Enlistment Behavior
Authors: Schiller Bradley R. , Kroetch Brent G. , Flacco Paul R. 
Published: March 2019

This paper examines the influence of economic factors on re-enlistment decisions in the U.S. Navy. The effect of civilian wage opportunities on re-enlistment behavior is of particular interest. The study employs a unique longitudinal data base to track the actual civilian employment experiences of Navy personnel who enlisted between 1973–77. The data base was created by merging the records of the Defense Military Data Center and the U.S. Social Security Administration. This data base is used to estimate the opportunity costs of re-enlisting and these estimates are then used in the two-step regression procedure to predict re-enlistment behavior.
Measurement index for urban infrastructure production cost disparity
Authors: Yang Ji-Chung 
Published: March 2019

This article aims at drawing the measurement index for urban infrastructure production cost disparity. Due to the difference in local public financial resource, a disparity will eventually occur and determine the actual provision level of urban infrastructure. Other than the above, various social and economic factors, such as average land prices (ALP) in each city, financial dependency ratio (FDR), population density (PD), discharge facilities for environmental pollution (EPF), distribution ratio on sewage system (DRSEW), and road pavement ratio (RDPVR), will affect the urban infrastructure provision. In this article, we first build a theoretical framework by reviewing the existing studies regarding the presumption on production cost disparity. Next, we establish the models of inducing type expenditure function, and through this, analyze the actual impact that the social and economic environmental variables have on the production cost. Using Korean data, the disparity index is estimated and interpreted. Average land price which is calculated through 449,925 standard lots across nations, number of automobiles per road length within city, etc are used for empirical estimation. Major findings will be helpful in managing the budget in relation to intergovernmental grants and expenditures.
Do regions have an impact on a person's health insurance status? A hierarchical modeling approach for small area estimates
Authors: O'Hara Brett , Popoff Carole 
Published: March 2019

Synthetic methods using age, race, sex and Hispanic origin (ARSH) arrays specific to regions have been used in combination with survey data to produce inexpensive estimates of health insurance coverage for different geographic regions. Because health insurance status is typically derived from survey data, a synthetic approach is unreliable when a region has few persons in sample with certain ARSH characteristics. For instance, a region with few persons of Hispanic origin and sparse survey coverage will produce less reliable estimates for that population subgroup. This article focuses on a hybrid model of synthetic estimation and hierarchical modeling. Hierarchical modeling can minimize the unexplained differences between regions making it possible to increase the reliability of the health insurance status estimates. Information on health insurance status and age, race, sex and Hispanic origin comes from the Survey of Income and Program Participation. State-level variables that influence the State's average health insurance rate were gathered from multiple sources.
PENGARUH PENCUCIAN DAN PEMBERIAN ZEOLIT SERTA KALIUM TERHADAP DISTRIBUSI K PADA TANAMAN DAN K TERCUCI
Authors: Murnita Murnita 
Published: March 2019

Dalam pengembangan lahan gambut untuk tanaman padi sawah terdapat beberapa faktor pembatas,diantaranya adalah kandungan asam fenolat yang tinggi sehingga dapat meracuni tanaman dan lemahnya ikatan kation K pada tanah gambut. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui distribusi K pada tanaman dan K tercuci akibat pencucian dan pemakaian zeolit serta kalium. Percobaan dilakukan dengan Rancangan Faktorial yaitu perlakuan zeolit (0, 5, 10 dan 15 g/kg), K (0, 125, 250 dan 375 mg K/kg) dan pencucian dengan tiga kali pengulangan. Semua perlakuan ditambahkan Fe3+ sebanyak 2,5% serapan maksimum Fe3+ dan diinkubasi sebulan sebelum ditanam. Tanah yang digunakan pada penelitian ini diambil dari tanah gambut pantai (Lagan) dan peralihan (Dendang) Jambi. Percobaan menggunakan pot yang berdiameter 25 cm dan tinggi 40 cm. Pada kedalaman 40 cm dilubangi dengan diameter 1 cm dan ditutup kembali (pencucian).Tiap pot ditanami 3 bibit padi IR-64 berumur 21 hari, ditambahkan 86Rb dan pemupukan dasar. Pencucian dilakukan dengan 1.000 ml air bebas ion setiap minggu sampai umur tanaman 4 minggu (panen), untuk menganalisa distribusi K pada tanaman. Pengaruh pencucian, pemberian zeolit dan kalium berpengaruh nyata terhadap 86Rb pada bagian tanaman dan 86Rb tercuci. Pemberian zeolit 15 g/kg dan K 375 mg K/kg dengan pencucian pada gambut pantai dan peralihan diperoleh 86Rb pada bagian atas tanaman : 4,792% ; 1,450% dan akar 0,490% ; 0,316%. Sedangkan tanpa pencucian pada gambut pantai dan peralihan, 86Rb pada bagian atas tanaman yaitu 1,599% ; 1,059 dan akar 0,253% ; 0,204%. Kehilangan K pada tanah gambut akan berkurang akibat pencucian dengan peningkatan takaran zeolit. Pada gambut pantai dengan pemberian zeolit 5-15 g/kg mampu mengurangi kehilangan K dari pupuk sebanyak 0,1-3,0%, sedangkan untuk gambut peralihan 0,04-2,2%.
Digitalisasi Data Muntok White Pepper Untuk Mendukung Produktivitas Dan Pemasaran Secara Global Berbasis Internet Dan Android
Authors: Putra Ghiri Basuki , Atmaja Eddy Jajang Jaya 
Published: March 2019

<p>Muntok White Pepper merupakan produk lada Bangka yang sudah terkenal dari sejak dulu dengan kualitas lada yang diakui paling baik diantara lada yang lainnya. Muntok White pepper masih menjadi unggulan hasil pertanian di Bangka Belitung serta merupakan komoditi unggulan yang sudah terkenal di seluruh dunia. Dalam Penelitian ini, penekanan yang hendak diambil adalah pemanfaatan Internet dan aplikasi android sebagai sarana pengelolaan data tentang Muntok White Pepper mulai dari lahan, informasi bibit, produksi, perawatan serta harga dan ekspor Muntok White Pepper. Potensi pengelolaan secara digitalisasi data Muntok White Pepper lebih baik dengan pengelolaan terpusat serta informasi Muntok White Pepper yang lengkap untuk memudahkan mendapatkan produktivitas, luas lahan dan ekspor lada secara lengkap. Dengan menggunakan website yang dapat diakses secara daring dan Aplikasi android untuk membuat akses yang luas dan sistem pengelolaan data Muntok White Pepper apat berbasis web secara lengkap dan update yang bias menjadi rujukan dalam mencari informasi tentang Muntok White Pepper bagi Bangka Belitung maupun orang luar.</p>
Las licencias obligatorias sobre patentes en el marco normativo colombiano
Authors: Jurado Ferrer Cristian David 
Published: March 2019

La propiedad es un derecho fundamental consagrado en la Constitución Nacional. Pero su ejercicio implica obligaciones y debe estar acorde al interés general, dada la función social que le es inherente. La propiedad industrial no escapa de estas directrices, por lo que al ser concedida una patente, muy a pesar del carácter monopólico y exclusivo que envuelve, puede ser limitada a través de lo que se conoce como “licencias obligatorias”. Estas figuras permiten la explotación del derecho por un tercero, en las situaciones y mediante los requisitos que el marco normativo colombiano impone.
La justificación externa del derecho
Authors: Caballero Hernández Joe 
Published: March 2019

El presente artículo persigue ofrecer un análisis de la justificación externa del derecho, desarrollada por la escuela del realismo jurídico escandinavo, para resolver casos difíciles en la aplicación de la dogmática jurídica por parte de los operadores judiciales, desde una perspectiva más participativa de la comunidad jurídica existente. Este análisis parte de la metodología epistemológica-jurídica, la cual surge en la cultura occidental como producto de la corriente iusfilosófica denominada neoconstitucionalismo.Para concretar esta empresa se explican, mediante una metodología analítica descriptiva, algunos conceptos o teorías que desarrollan la justificación del derecho en la aplicación de la dogmática jurídica en los casos judiciales, y se evalúan estas posiciones con el propósito de identificar cuáles son más plausibles a la hora de aplicar el método epistemológico dogmático-jurídico. Precisamente se evidencia que la Justificación externa del derecho, mediante el concepto de razonabilidad y el concepto de participación pertinente, consiguen presentar la Justificación del Derecho desde una óptica más democrática, a la hora de resolver casos jurídicosconcretos.
Origen y tratamiento constitucional del principio de proporcionalidad en Colombia.
Authors: Rodríguez Martínez Christian 
Published: March 2019

A lo largo de este artículo se describirá brevemente el origen y tratamiento que se le ha dado al principio de proporcionalidad (en adelante, Ppr) en sistemas jurídicos como Alemania y Estados Unidos, para luego procurar una aproximación a su concepto y a los tres subprincipios que lo componen (adecuación, necesidad y proporcionalidad en sentido estricto). También se estudiará sucintamente cuál ha sido el tratamiento y desarrollo que ha tenido el Ppr en Colombia, analizando las sentencias más importantes que la Corte Constitucional ha generado sobre el tema. La propuesta, en definitiva, es la de establecer un breve marco teórico del principio de proporcionalidad y del desarrollo y tratamiento que ha tenido en general y en el sistema jurídico colombiano.
FAMILY CENTERED EMPOWERMENT MODEL TERHADAP PERUBAHAN PERILAKU KELUARGA MISKIN MENCEGAH HIPERTENSI DI KECAMATAN BANTUR
Authors: Wicaksono Kurniawan Erman , Alfianto Ahmad Guntur 
Published: March 2019

AbstrakHipertensi merupakan salah satu penyebab kematian nomor satu di dunia. Prevalensi hipertensi mengalami peningkatan setiap tahun seiring dengan bertambahnya umur, tingkat pendidikan, status tidak bekerja dan tingkat pengeluaran per kapita yang tinggi. Kabupaten Malang merupakan salah satu daerah di Indonesia dengan jumlah penderita hipertensi yang menduduki peringkat pertama. Penyelesaian masalah hipertensi di Kabupaten Malang sampai saat ini belum memenuhi target 100%. Capaian cakupan terendah di Kecamatan Bantur berada di Desa Bantur. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis pengaruh family centered empowerment model terhadap perubahan perilaku keluarga miskin dalam mencegah hipertensi pada keluarga. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian eksperimen semu (quasi experimental research) dengan menggunakan rancangan non randomize control group pretest posttest. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa p value pengetahuan 0,005, p value sikap sebesar 0,000, dan p value tindakan sebesar 0,001 (p value < 0,05). Intervensi family centered empowerment model dapat mempengaruhi perubahan perilaku keluarga sebagai bentuk modifikasi pendidikan kesehatan pada keluarga. Â Kata kunciÂ : empowerment, keluarga, hipertensiÂ Â AbstractHypertension is one causes of death in the world. The prevalence of hypertension has increased every year along with increasing age, level of education, non-working status and high level of per capita expenditure. Malang District is one of the regions in Indonesia with the first number of hypertensive patients. Completion of hypertension problems in Malang District until now has not met the 100% target. The lowest coverage achievement in Bantur is in Bantur Village. This study aims to analyze the effect of a family centered empowerment model on changes in poor family behavior in preventing hypertension in families. This research is a quasi-experimental research (quasi experimental research) using non randomized design control group pretest posttest. The results showed that p value knowledge was 0.005, p value attitude was 0.000, and p value of action was 0.001 (p value <0.05). The intervention of family centered empowerment models can influence changes in family behavior as a form of modification of health education in familiesÂ Keywords:Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â empowerment, family, hypertension
Severidad de la preeclampsia y su relación con volumen plaquetario y ancho de distribución eritrocitaria
Authors: Rosas Cabral Alejandro , Viana Rojas Jesús Antonio , Terrones Saldívar Ma del Carmen , Prieto Macías Jorge , Gutiérrez Campos Rafael , Pérez Ramírez Oscar de Jesús , Hernández González Flavio , Uria Torrijas Tania , Serrano Díaz Leopoldo César 
Published: March 2019

Objetivo: Se ha establecido la asociación entre el ancho de distribución eritrocitario (ADE) y el volumen plaquetario medio (VPM) con la hipertensión arterial sistémica. Sin embargo, se han realizado pocos estudios en pacientes con preeclampsia, obteniéndose resultados poco consistentes. Nuestro objetivo fue evaluar la relación entre el ADE y el VPM con la severidad de la preeclampsia. Métodos: Incluimos 81 pacientes con preeclampsia (31 leve, 50 severa) y 80 pacientes con embarazo normotenso. Los datos clínicos, características socio-demográficas y valores de laboratorio, incluyendo ADE y VPM de cada paciente fueron registrados. Resultados: Las medidas de hemoglobina y conteo plaquetario fueron similares entre ambos grupos. Las pacientes con preeclampsia tuvieron niveles de ADE (14.6 ± 1.3 vs 13.4 ± 0.7, p=0.0001) y VPM (11.7 ± 3.0 vs 10.9 ± 1.3, p=0.03) más elevados que el grupo control. El subgrupo de preeclampsia severa tuvo niveles más elevados de ADE (15.0 ± 1.1 vs 13.88 ± 0.79, p=0.001) y VPM (12.7 ± 2.8 vs 10.45 ± 2.4, p=0.01) que las pacientes con preeclampsia leve. Conclusión: En este trabajo demostramos que el ADE y el VPM son medidas accesibles asociadas con la severidad de la preeclampsia. LUXMÉDICA, AÑO 13, NÚMERO 38, MAYO-AGOSTO 2018, PP 9-17.