bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
RETRACTED ARTICLE: MicroRNA-325-3p inhibits cell proliferation and induces apoptosis in hepatitis B virus-related hepatocellular carcinoma by down-regulation of aquaporin 5
Authors: Zhang Zhitao , Han Yanzhen , Sun Guangxin , Liu Xiaohong , Jia Xiaoyan , Yu Xiangjun 
Published: February 2019

Abstract
Background
Hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection is acknowledged as the main cause of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). Moreover, previous studies have revealed that microRNAs (miRNAs) widely participate in regulation of various cellular processes, such as viral replication. Hence, the purpose of this study was to investigate the roles of aquaporin 5 (AQP5) and miR-325-3p in the proliferation and apoptosis of HBV-related HCC cells.

Methods
AQP5 and miR-325-3p expression in both normal and HBV-HCC tissues or cells (both Huh7–1.3 and HepG2.2.15) was detected using qRT-PCR. AQP5 expression was knocked down in HBV-related Huh7–1.3 and HepG2.2.15 cells using small interfering RNA (siRNA) technology. Down-regulation was confirmed using real-time PCR and Western blot analysis. Effects of AQP5 down-regulation on the proliferation and apoptosis were assessed. Dual luciferase reporter gene assay, Western blot and qRT-PCR were employed to evaluate the effect of miR-325-3p on the luciferase activity and expression of AQP5. Moreover, miR-325-3p mimic-induced changes in cellular proliferation and apoptosis were detected through CCK-8 assay, BrdU assay, flow cytometry analysis and ELISA.

Results
In this study, the expression of AQP5 was up-regulated in human HBV-HCC tissue, Huh7–1.3 and HepG2.2.15 cells. Knockdown of AQP5 significantly inhibited the proliferation and promoted apoptosis of HBV-HCC cells. Next, miR-325-3p was obviously down-regulated in HBV-HCC. In concordance with this, MiR-325-3p directly targeted AQP5, and reduced both mRNA and protein levels of AQP5, which promoted cell proliferation and suppressed cell apoptosis in HCC cells. Overexpression of miR-325-3p dramatically inhibited cell proliferation and induced cell apoptosis.

Conclusions
Our findings clearly demonstrated that introduction of miR-325-3p inhibited proliferation and induced apoptosis of Huh7–1.3 and HepG2.2.15 cells by directly decreasing AQP5 expression, and that silencing AQP5 expression was essential for the pro-apoptotic effect of miR-325-3p overexpression on Huh7–1.3 and HepG2.2.15 cells. It is beneficial to gain insight into the mechanism of HBV infection and pathophysiology of HBV-related HCC.
RETRACTED ARTICLE: Image processing algorithm of Hartmann method aberration automatic measurement system with tensor product model
Authors: Fan Linyuan 
Published: February 2019

AbstractNowadays, the society has entered the digital information age, and the information contained in the image is far more than the sum of the information contained in other media. In the Internet industry, image processing technology can be used to quickly find the required picture information. Other applications include disaster prevention, industrial automation production lines, semiconductor, electronics, tobacco, and food industries. After the meter glyph spot image is collected, there are several spots in the image, and the corresponding pixel values are stored in memory. In order to process images, they should be distinguished and marked so that the spot has definite eigenvalues. To this end, this paper proposes an image processing method. Firstly, an image denoising method combining self-snake model and P-M model is introduced. Secondly, the recursive HOSVD dimensionality reduction algorithm based on tensor product model is used to further process the image. The center of the Hartmann aperture image is solved by the centroid of all the spots, and the center overlap algorithm for determining the centroid distance of the aperture image by the symmetry of the centroid of the spot centroid can reduce the number of calculations. The experimental results show that this method can effectively identify and process the spot of the image and greatly reduce the time complexity and computational complexity of the algorithm.
Development of performance indicators for systems of urgent and emergency care in the Republic of Ireland. Update of a systematic review and consensus development exercise
Authors: Boyle Siobhan , Dennehy Rebecca , Healy Orla , Browne John 
Published: February 2019

Objectives: To develop a set of performance indicators to monitor the performance of emergency and urgent care systems in the Republic of Ireland. Design: This study comprised of an update of a previously performed systematic review and a formal consensus development exercise. The literature search was conducted in PubMed and covered the period 2008 to 2014. The results of the review were used to inform a consensus group of 17 national experts on urgent and emergency care in Ireland. The consensus development exercise comprised an online survey followed by a face-to-face nominal group technique meeting. During this meeting participants had the opportunity to revise their preferences for different indicators after listening to the views of other group members. A final online survey was then used to confirm the preferences of participants. Results: Initial literature searches yielded 2339 article titles. After further searches, sixty items were identified for full-text review. Following this review, fifty-seven were excluded. Three articles were identified for inclusion in the systematic review. These papers produced 42 unique indicators for consideration during the consensus development exercise. In total, 17 indicators had a median of greater than 7 following the meeting and met our pre-specified criterion for acceptable consensus. Discussion: Using this systematic review and nominal group consensus development exercise, we have identified a set of 17 indicators, which a consensus of different experts regard as potentially good measures of the performance of urgent and emergency care systems in Ireland. Pragmatic implications are discussed with reference to three subsequently performed original studies which used some of the indicators
Satisfied patients? An investigation of eye care services in hospitals in South India
Authors: Thomas Bejoy John , Ganesan Suganya 
Published: February 2019

Background: Competition across the healthcare sector has arguably led to better services and improved efficiency. In this market, patient satisfaction remains an extremely important indicator of quality. Patient satisfaction is a person's feeling of pleasure, or disappointment, resulting from a comparison between a perceived expectation against their outcome. Satisfied patients may help to drive changes in hospitals, which could result in a better understanding of patient quality. Aim: The aim of this study was to identify patient's satisfaction levels in different cluster groups regarding eye care services in South India. Method: A questionnaire was distributed to 454 patients who had already visited leading eye care hospitals. Descriptive statistics and cluster analysis were used to test the number of groups. Results: Three cluster groups were identified as: unmarried young students, middle-aged males, and an elderly female group. Managerial implications: Healthcare providers and managers can analyse the quality of service across the various groups through segmentation and clustering so that healthcare services can be provided according to the patients' needs and expectations.
The perception of clinical risk among students of different health professions: a multicentre study
Authors: Castello Michele , Ferrara Paolo , Destrebecq Anne , Terzoni Stefano 
Published: February 2019

Background: the need for health care to be safe is increasingly guiding the development of policies to improve clinical practice and education; risk management and patient safety are essential competencies for health professionals. Objective: to examine how students working towards different degrees in Italy perceived their competence in clinical risk management and patient safety when learning in the classroom and the clinical setting. Methods: the Italian version of the H-PEPSS questionnaire was given to 154 students; 78 were studying for a nursing degree and 76 were on the cardio-circulatory pathophysiology and cardiovascular perfusion techniques (CPCPT) degree course. Results: nearly half of the students (46.10%) did not feel confident about their competence in patient safety and risk management during clinical training. Conclusion: significant differences in confidence between the two types of students were found in many areas, including in critical aspects of clinical risk management. However, both types of students had similar levels of confidence in some essential areas.
An investigation into specialty trainee engagement with e-learning
Authors: Brown Jeremy M , Kinloch Karen , Shaw Nigel J 
Published: February 2019

Aim: The objectives of this study were to determine paediatric specialty trainees' engagement with e-learning in Health Education England North West and the characteristics of sites accessed by specialty trainees, and to assess the quality of web interfaces being used and whether this aligns with the best evidence for e-learning provision. Methods: A two-phase mixed methods design was used: a scoping exercise to elicit specialty trainees' preferred e-learning tools and a quality assessment of the named sites, and specialty trainee telephone interviews. Results: A total of 135 respondents identified 86 sites. Quality assessment found considerable variation across sites and a number of barriers to access, one issue being uncertainty about quality and validity of sites. Conclusions: E-learning is viewed as an integral part of both mandatory and speciality training but there is considerable variation in access to and quality of sites. Specialty trainees value the convenience and breadth of e-learning available but express concerns about assessing the validity and legitimacy of such sites.
Development and Validation of a Novel Diagnostic Nomogram to Differentiate Between Intestinal Tuberculosis and Crohn's Disease: A 6-year Prospective Multicenter Study
Authors: He Yao , Zhu Zhenhua , Chen Yujun , Chen Fang , Wang Yufang , Ouyang Chunhui , Yang Hong , Huang Meifang , Zhuang Xiaodong , Mao Ren , Ben-Horin Shomron , Wu Xiaoping , Ouyang Qin , Qian Jiaming , Lu Nonghua , Hu Pinjing , Chen Minhu 
Published: February 2019

OBJECTIVES:
Differentiating Crohn's disease (CD) from intestinal tuberculosis (ITB) remains a diagnostic challenge. Misdiagnosis carries potential grave implications. We aimed to develop and validate a novel diagnostic nomogram for differentiating them.

METHODS:
In total, 310 eligible patients were recruited from 6 tertiary inflammatory bowel disease centers. Among them, 212 consecutive patients (143 CD and 69 ITB) were used in the derivation cohort for the establishment of diagnostic equation and nomogram; 7 investigative modalities including clinical manifestations, laboratory results, endoscopic findings, computed tomography enterography features, and histology results were used to derive the diagnostic model and nomogram. Ninety-eight consecutive patients (76 CD and 22 ITB) were included for validation of the diagnostic model.

RESULTS:
Eight out of total 79 parameters were identified as valuable parameters used for establishing diagnostic equations. Two regression models were built based on 7 differential variables: age, transverse ulcer, rectum involvement, skipped involvement of the small bowel, target sign, comb sign, and interferon-gamma release assays (for model 1) or purified protein derivative (for model 2), respectively. Accordingly, 2 nomograms of the above 2 models were developed for clinical practical use, respectively. Further validation test verified the efficacy of the nomogram 1 with 90.9% specificity, 86.8% sensitivity, 97.1% PPV, 66.7% negative predictive value (NPV), and 87.8% accuracy for identifying CD, and the efficacy of the nomogram 2 with 100% specificity, 84.2% sensitivity, 100% positive predictive value, 64.7% NPV, and 87.8% accuracy for diagnosing CD.

CONCLUSIONS:
The derivation and validation cohorts identified and validated 2 highly accurate and practical diagnostic nomograms for differentiating CD from ITB. These diagnostic nomograms can be conveniently used to identify some difficult CD or ITB cases, allowing for decision-making in a clinical setting.
Burden and Cost of Outpatient Hemorrhoids in the United States Employer-Insured Population, 2014
Authors: Yang Jeff Y. , Peery Anne F. , Lund Jennifer L. , Pate Virginia , Sandler Robert S. 
Published: February 2019

INTRODUCTION:
Although hemorrhoids are a common indication for seeking health care, there are no contemporary estimates of burden and cost. We examined data from an administrative claims database to estimate health care use and aggregate costs.

METHODS:
We conducted a cross-sectional study using the MarketScan Commercial Claims and Encounters Database for 2014. The analysis included 18.9 million individuals who were aged 18–64 and continuously enrolled with prescription coverage. Outpatient hemorrhoid claims were captured using the International Classification of Diseases, Ninth Revision, Clinical Modification diagnosis codes in the first position, as well as Common Procedural Terminology codes. Prescription medications were identified using National Drug Codes. Annual prevalence and costs were determined by summing gross payments for prescription medications, physician encounters, and facility costs. We used validated weights to standardize annual cost estimates to the US employer-insured population.

RESULTS:
In 2014, we identified 227,638 individuals with at least one outpatient hemorrhoid-related claim (annual prevalence, 1.2%). Among those, 119,120 had prescription medication claims, 136,125 had physician claims, and 28,663 had facility claims. After standardizing, we estimated that 1.4 million individuals in the US employer-insured population sought care for hemorrhoids in 2014 for a total annual cost of $770 million. This included $322 million in physician claims, $361 million in outpatient facility claims, and $88 million in prescription medication claims.

CONCLUSIONS:
The estimated economic burden of hemorrhoids in the employer-insured population approaches $800 million annually. Given the substantial and rising burden and cost, expanded research attention should be directed to hemorrhoidal etiology, prevention, and treatment.
The value experience of the emotional immersion in games
Authors: Jacko Jan Franciszek 
Published: February 2019

W pracy przedstawiono fenomenologiczną analizę doświadczenia wartości w przeżyciu emocjonalnej imersji w grach. Tekst pokazuje dwa jego warianty: emocjonalną iluzję oraz emocjonalne kłamstwo. W emocjonalnej iluzji gracz emocjonalnie dystansuje się względem własnej hierarchii wartości, aby rozkoszować się grą. W emocjonalnym kłamstwie emocje motywują graczy do decyzji iezgodnych z przyjętą przez nich hierarchią wartości. Zaproponowano wyjaśnienie tych oświadczeń w kontekście niektórych teorii racjonalnego działania.
More Work for Hybrid Persistence
Authors: Brzozowski Jacek 
Published: February 2019

AbstractRecently I defended a hybrid view of persistence whereby simple objects endure while composite objects are stage related. I argued that it deserves further investigation given the explanatory work it does with regard to two problems raised in the literature on the metaphysics of the persistence of objects. In this paper I look at two further problems that have been raised—one from natural explanation, the other from time travel. I show how the hybrid view is able to deal with these problems. In doing so I further build the case that the hybrid view is a serious contender in the persistence debate based on the explanatory work it can do.
Core Muscle Activity Assessed by Electromyography During Exercises for Chronic Low Back Pain: A Systematic Review
Authors: Escriche-Escuder Adrian , Calatayud Joaquin , Aiguadé Ramón , Andersen Lars L. , Ezzatvar Yasmin , Casaña José 
Published: February 2019

ABSTRACT
LOW BACK PAIN (LBP) IS ONE OF THE MOST FREQUENT HEALTH PROBLEMS WORLDWIDE AFFECTING BOTH WORK AND PERSONAL LIFE. ALTHOUGH PHYSICAL EXERCISE FOCUSING ON THE CORE MUSCLES IS COMMONLY USED AS PART OF TREATMENT, THERE IS NO SYSTEMATIC OVERVIEW OF EXERCISE SPECIFICITY AND INTENSITY AMONG PEOPLE WITH CHRONIC LBP (CLBP). THIS ARTICLE AIMS TO SYSTEMATICALLY REVIEW THE LITERATURE ON CORE MUSCLE ACTIVITY ASSESSED BY ELECTROMYOGRAPHY DURING EXERCISES IN ADULTS WITH NONSPECIFIC CLBP. THIS SYSTEMATIC REVIEW SERVES AS A REFERENCE GUIDE IN THE SELECTION OF CORE MUSCLE EXERCISES FOR NONSPECIFIC CLBP.
Erosion Potential of Compacted Surface Soils for Multilayered Cover System
Authors: Kumar Himanshu , Bordoloi Sanandam , Yamsani Sudheer Kumar , Garg Ankit , Sekharan Sreedeep , Rakesh R. R. 
Published: February 2019

Abstract
Industrialization and urbanization have led to a rapid increase in hazardous and reactive wastes that need to be disposed safely. Multilayered cover systems (MLCS) are used for such waste disposal to impede contaminant interaction with the subsurface and atmosphere. Based on multiple forensic studies, soil erosion has been identified as a primary stressor of landfill covers that results in cover failure and exposure to contamination. The pinhole test is one of the most commonly adopted index tests to evaluate the erosion rate of soil. The main objective of this technical note is to measure the erosion potential of a soil at nine different compaction states and three runoffs, which correspond to three forms—rainfall-heavy, excessive, and cloudburst—that can result in significant erosion. A total of 729 pinhole tests on 9 different loamy soils were conducted in the current study, and the individual effects of initial moisture content, soil density, and runoff flow rate are discussed. It is observed that compaction of the surface layer for MLCS can be done at wet optimum moisture content with the highest possible soil density to minimize risk of erosion for all loamy soil. Furthermore, fine fractions of soils (percentage finer than 75 μm) was identified as a parameter that can be used to predict the maximum erosion rate of a soil using a simple linear relation.
Determination of Sinkhole Activity in Granular Sediments in West-Central Florida
Authors: Zisman E. D. 
Published: February 2019

Abstract
A new method is presented for determining the presence of “sinkhole activity” using the current (2017) Florida statute. The new method uses a modified raveling index (modified with normalized N-values) for verification of “sinkhole activity” together with consideration of other non-sinkhole causes of building distress. In addition, the problems associated with detecting cover collapse and cover subsidence sinkholes are also considered. Difficulties in applying the Florida statute are also discussed, and recommendations for improvement of the statute are provided.
Effect of Viscosity on the Erosion-Corrosion of Steels Exposed to White Liquor Including Abrasives for Extended Time Periods
Authors: Baykal B. Aydin , Singh Preet M. 
Published: February 2019

Abstract
Erosion-corrosion is a type of corrosion in which mechanical (erosive) and chemical (corrosive) effects combine to accelerate material loss because of corrosion because of its negative impact on the reformation of a protective oxide layer on a metal surface. Erosion-corrosion has been observed in most industries that utilize alkaline streams such as pulping liquors, including the pulp, paper, nuclear, petrochemical, and pharmaceutical industries. Although erosion-corrosion research has been conducted mainly by studying the effects of changing chemical species and concentrations within the environment and mapping corrosion modes for specific alloys and environments, the mechanical properties of the electrolyte such as its viscosity have been neglected. Erosion-corrosion rate is directly related to flow characteristics such as flow regime, wall shear stress, etc., many of which are directly influenced by viscosity. Furthermore, variable viscosity is a factor in many occurrences of erosion-corrosion, notably black liquor-related corrosion in the pulp and paper industry. To understand such a system, a white liquor electrolyte was spiked with various concentrations of an inert viscosity adjusting additive (agar agar) under alkaline conditions. Corrosion rates were obtained from combinations of white liquor, alumina erodent, and agar agar using mass loss testing over 100 h of C1018 carbon steel, 316L stainless steel, and 2205 duplex stainless steel (DSS) at 60°C. The results showed that higher wall shear stress resulting from a higher viscosity tended to increase the corrosion rate. Erosion-corrosion surfaces were observed using profilometry and scanning electron microscopy, revealing that higher viscosity led to more severe damage but with fewer damage sites. This indicated a lower number of critical impacts because of the higher resistance to flow but higher damage to the passive film because of higher shear stress. In the two-phase structure of 2205 DSS, preferential dissolution of ferrite was observed at a viscosity of 14.86 cP.
Organofilização de argila e sua aplicação como reforço em nanocompósitos com matriz de policarbonato/poli(acrilonitrila-butadieno-estireno)
Authors: Granada Jonas Eichelberger , Silva Gabriela Escobar Hochmuller da , Beatrice Cesar Augusto Gonçalves , Rosa Paulo Roberto Dos Reis da , Oliveira Amanda Dantas de 
Published: February 2019

A organofilização de argilas bentonitas com sal quaternário de amônio foi avaliada como meio de se obter nanopartículas de argila atuando como reforço em nanocompósitos com matriz de policarbonato/poli(acrilonitrila-butadieno-estireno). A caracterização por difração de raios-x da argila organofilizada mostra um aumento no espaçamento basal da montmorilonita quando comparada a argila natural. Os espectros de espectroscopia de infravermelho com transformada de Fourrier confirmaram a troca dos cátions inorgânicos da argila natural pelos cátions orgânicos de amônio do modificador orgânico. Os nanocompósitos foram preparados por mistura no estado fundido em uma extrusora monorosca. Os resultados mostraram um aumento de 49% na resistência ao impacto com a adição de 1% em massa de argila organofílica nos nanocompósitos quando comparado a blenda sem reforço. Imagens obtidas por microscopia eletrônica de varredura mostraram um refinamento na morfologia co-contínua da blenda policarbonato/acrilonitrila-butadieno-estireno com a adição de 1% em massa de argila organofílica.