bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Rice plants reduce methane emissions in high-emitting paddies
Authors: Oda Masato , Chiem Nguyen Huu 
Published: July 2019

Background: Rice is understood to enhance methane emissions from paddy fields in IPCC guidelines. However, rice actually has two opposite functions related to methane: i) emission enhancement, such as by providing emission pathways (aerenchyma) and methanogenetic substrates; and ii) emission suppression by providing oxygen pathways, which suppress methanogenesis or enhance methane oxidation. The overall role of rice is thus determined by the balance between its enhancing and suppressing functions. Although previous studies have suggested that rice enhances total methane emissions, we aimed to demonstrate in high-emitting paddy fields that the overall methane emission is decreased by rice plants. Methods: We compared methane emissions with and without rice plants in triple cropping rice paddy fields in the Mekong Delta, Vietnam. The gas samples are collected using chamber method and ware analyzed by gas chromatography. Results: We found that rice, in fact, suppressed overall methane emissions in high-emitting paddies. The emission reductions increased with the growth of rice to the maximum tillering stage, then decreased after the heading stage, and finally recovered. Discussion: Our result indicates that the overall methane emission is larger than that of rice planted area. In addition, although many studies in standard-emitting paddies have found that the contribution of soil organic matter to methanogenesis is small, prior studies in high-emitting paddies suggest that methanogenesis depended mainly on soil organic matter accumulated from past crops. The higher the methane emission level, the lower the contribution of the rice-derived substrate; conversely, the higher the contribution of the rice providing oxygen. Finally, rice plants reduce methane emissions in high-emitting paddies. Conclusion: The present study demonstrates that during the growing season, rice is suppressing methane emissions in high-emitting paddies. This means the significance of using the rice variety which has high suppressing performance in high-emitting paddies.
Evaluation of EPAS1 variants for association with bovine congestive heart failure
Authors: Heaton Michael P. , Bassett Adam S. , Whitman Katherine J. , Krafsur Greta M. , Lee Sang In , Carlson Jaden M. , Clark Halden J. , Smith Helen R. , Pelster Madeline C. , Basnayake Veronica , Grotelueschen Dale M. , Vander Ley Brian L. 
Published: July 2019

Background: Bovine congestive heart failure (BCHF) has become increasingly prevalent in feedlot cattle in the Western Great Plains of North America. BCHF is an untreatable complex condition involving pulmonary hypertension that culminates in right ventricular failure and death. A protein variant of hypoxia-inducible factor 2 alpha (HIF2α, encoded by the endothelial PAS domain-containing protein 1 gene, EPAS1) was previously reported to be associated with pulmonary hypertension at altitudes exceeding 2,000 m. Our aim was to evaluate EPAS1 haplotypes for association with BCHF in feedlot cattle raised at moderate altitudes (1,200 m). Methods: Paired samples of clinical cases and unaffected controls were collected at four feedlots in Nebraska and Wyoming. Each pair (n =102) was matched for source, pen, breed type, sex, arrival date, and management conditions. Cases were identified by animal caretakers, euthanized, and diagnosis was confirmed at necropsy. Cases were derived from 30 different ranch operations, with the largest source contributing 32. Animals were tested for eight EPAS1 haplotypes encoding 36 possible different diploid combinations. Results: The common, ancestral EPAS1 haplotype encoding HIF2α with alanine (A) at position 606 and glycine (G) at position 610 was equally frequent in cases and controls (0.67). The EPAS1 variant haplotype reported to be associated with disease (encoding threonine (T) at position 606 and serine (S) at position 610) was not enriched in cases compared with controls (0.21 and 0.25, respectively). Frequencies of other EPAS1 haplotypes (e.g., encoding Q270, L362, or G671) were each less than 0.05 overall. McNemar’s test with 45 discordant pairs showed the linked T606/S610 variant was not associated with BCHF (OR = 0.73, CI95 0.38 -1.4, p-value = 0.37). Conclusions: HIF2α polypeptide variants were not significantly associated with BCHF in feedlot cattle at moderate altitudes. Thus, a wider search is needed to identify genetic risk factors underlying this disease.
Access to family planning for youth: perspectives of young family planning leaders from 40 countries
Authors: Cartwright Alice F. , Otai Jane , Maytan-Joneydi Amelia , McGuire Courtney , Sullivan Emily , Olumide Adesola , Baye Easton Catherine , Speizer Ilene S. 
Published: July 2019

Background: With growing populations of young people, low and middle-income countries have renewed focus on reaching both unmarried and married youth with family planning (FP) services. Young people themselves bring an important perspective to guide future programmatic directions. Methods: In October 2018, 207 youth leaders in FP from around the world completed an online survey prior to their participation at the International Conference on Family Planning (ICFP). These youth leaders provided their perspectives on the most important influencers for youth FP use, how easy or hard it is for youth to obtain FP, preferred sources of FP methods for youth, and perceptions of commonly used terms in FP programming. We examined differences in perceptions of unmarried and married youth’s access to and use of FP using bivariate analyses. Results: Respondents reported that peers/friends were the most important influencer on use of FP among unmarried youth (80.2%), while spouse/partner was the most important for married youth (80.4%). Oral contraceptive pills, injectable contraception, and contraceptive implants were perceived as significantly harder for unmarried youth to access. Privacy, confidentiality, and anonymity were all important factors for the locations to access FP for unmarried youth, while married youth were more influenced by cost. None of the commonly used terms for FP were perceived positively by a majority of respondents, with the exception of ‘birth spacing’ by African respondents (51.0%). Conclusions: These findings indicate that the preferences and needs of unmarried youth are different than married youth, but that all young people face barriers accessing FP. Unmarried youth seeking family planning are more influenced by peers and friends and continue to face difficulty accessing methods compared to married youth. These findings indicate the importance of including youth perspectives in development of youth-focused family planning programs.
Generation Scotland participant survey on data collection
Authors: Edwards Rachel , Campbell Archie , Porteous David 
Published: July 2019

Background: Generation Scotland (GS) is a population and family-based study of genetic and environmental health determinants. Recruitment to the Scottish Family Health Study component of GS took place between 2006-2011. Participants were aged 18 or over and consented to genetic studies, linkage to health records and recontact. Several recontact exercises have been successfully conducted aimed at a) recruitment to embedded or partner studies and b) the collection of additional data. As the cohort matures in age, we were interested in surveying attitudes to potential new approaches to data collection and recruitment. Methods: A ten-question online survey was sent to those participants who provided an email address. Results: We report a high level of positive responses to encouraging relatives to participate, to remote data and sample collection and for research access to stored newborn dried blood spots. Conclusions: The majority of current and prospective GS participants are likely to respond positively to future requests for remote data and sample collection.
UMA ABORDAGEM DA FORMAÇÃO INICIAL DOCENTE EM AMBIENTE VIRTUAL DE APRENDIZAGEM
Authors: Casotti Janayna Bertollo Cozer , Teixeira Daísa 
Published: July 2019

Neste artigo, pretende-se verificar como participantes de um curso de formação inicial docente, nas práticas de interação em ambiente virtual de aprendizagem (AVA), vão refletir sobre sua própria experiência de aprendizagem. Para tanto, o aporte teórico em que se busca respaldar a análise é a Teoria Semiolinguística do Discurso, de Charaudeau (2005, 2008), considerando-se, sobretudo, a concepção de ato de linguagem como uma “interação de intencionalidades”. Os dados para análise foram gerados a partir de um fórum de apresentação, no escopo da disciplina Linguagens 1, oferecida no ano de 2015, pela Plataforma Moodle, para alunos em formação inicial docente. O objetivo desse fórum era que os participantes se apresentassem e fizessem comentários acerca de seu processo de alfabetização. Assim, busca-se verificar quais comportamentos enunciativos esses alunos (em formação inicial docente) apresentam na mise en scènedo ato comunicativo de que eles participam em contexto digital. Os resultados desse trabalho de análise nos permitem reconhecer a posição que o sujeito ocupa em relação ao interlocutor, em relação ao que ele mesmo diz e também em relação ao que o outro diz.
ATIVIDADE ANTIFÚNGICA DO RESVERATROL EM CEPAS DE Candida spp
Authors: Cruz Letícia Carolina , Ehrhardt Alexandre 
Published: July 2019

O resveratrol, encontrado na uva e no vinho, possui ação anti-inflamatória, antifúngica, antioxidante e pode ser comumente utilizado para fins medicinais. Considerando que os fungos como as espécies de Candida spp. se apresentam cada vez mais resistentes aos antifúngicos convencionais, o objetivo deste trabalho foi analisar a ação antifúngica do resveratrol sobre cepas de diferentes espécies de Candida spp. Utilizou-se uma metodologia adaptada na qual culturas de C. albicans, C. glabrata, C. krusei, C. tropicalis e C. parapsilosis, foram testadas frente a 3 diferentes concentrações de resveratrol em pó, e também 3 diferentes marcas de suco de uva integral, utilizando o Fluconazol como controle. Inicialmente dilui-se 0,5 gramas de resveratrol em pó sobre 100ml de DMSO, a partir desta realizou-se diluições correspondentes a 10¹, 10²,10³ as quais foram pipetadas em placas de Nest 1,8ml de cada diluição juntamente com 200ul de cada inoculo fúngico. Posteriormente essas amostras foram semeadas em ágar mycosel. A mesma metodologia seguiu na utilização dos sucos de uva. Percebeu-se inibição do crescimento fúngico das cinco espécies testadas demonstrando a atividade do resveratrol contra os isolados de Candida. Porém, o tratamento com a menor porcentagem de resveratrol utilizado no estudo não desencadeou inibição do crescimento das espécies C. glabrata e C. tropicalis. Quanto aos testes com suco, duas das três marcas testadas tiveram a ação semelhante ao do resveratrol em pó sobre as cepas de Candida. Considerando os resultados obtidos, pode-se sugerir a utilização do resveratrol como sendo uma substância antifúngica em potencial.
Kualitas Air pada Puncak Musim Kemarau di Daerah Rawa Danau Kabupaten Serang
Authors: Hartanto Priyo , Delinom Robert M , Hendarmawan Hendarmawan 
Published: July 2019

Rawa Danau Serang merupakan rawa pegunungan yang menjadi andalan pemasok air di kawasan industri Cilegon dan sekitarnya. Selain air hujan, pasokan air ke Rawa Danau juga berasal dari mataair gunungapi di sekitarnya. Sumber air yang ada terdiri dari mataair, mataair panas, sumur gali, sumur bor dan sungai. Percampuran beragam sumber air tersebut dapat mempengaruhi kualitas air Rawa Danau, sehingga penelitian kondisi fisika dan kimia air menjadi penting untuk dilakukan. Pengukuran dilakukan pada kondisi puncak musim kemarau untuk menganalisis skenario terburuk dari curah hujan minimal dan kualitas air belum banyak dipengaruhi air hujan. Pada puncak musim kemarau, air di daerah penelitian cenderung bersifat asam dengan pH air berkisar 5,7-7,65. Hasil pengukuran dan analisis kimia air menggunakan AAS dan turbidimeter secara keseluruhan air masih memenuhi syarat untuk digunakan sesuai dengan peruntukannya. Analisis hidrogeokimia menggunakan diagram Piper menunjukkan bahwa tipe air Ca+Mg-HCO3. Rawa Danau Serang, which is a wetland in the mountain area, is the primary source of water for Cilegon and surrounding areas. Besides the precipitation, the main source of water in Rawa Danau is the mountain springs. The other water sources include springs, hot springs, dug wells, boreholes, and rivers. The mixture of those various sources of water might affect the quality of water. Therefore, a study on the chemical and physical properties of the water is essential. We measured the water condition in the dry season to analyze the worst-case scenario of minimal rain. At the peak of dry season, water in the study area was acidic with pH ranging from 5.7 to 7.65. The results of chemical analysis of water using AAS and turbidimeter have indicated that, as a whole, the water from Rawa Danau was still meet the requirements for domestic use. Hydro-geochemical analysis using the Piper diagram has indicated that the type water is Ca + Mg- HCO3.
Integrity of serum samples is changed by modified centrifugation conditions
Authors: Miler Marijana , Nikolac Gabaj Nora , Culej Jelena , Unic Adriana , Vrtaric Alen , Milevoj Kopcinovic Lara 
Published: July 2019

Abstract

Background
Serum samples should be centrifuged for at least 10 min at 1300–2500 × g. Changed centrifugation conditions could compromise sample quality. The objective of this study was to compare the serum quality and turnaround time (TAT) using different centrifugation conditions.

Methods
The study was done in four different periods (A, B, C and D) at different conditions: for 10, 5 and 7 (A, B and C, respectively) at 2876 × g, and 7 (D) min at 4141 × g. Sample quality was assessed as the proportion of samples with: (a) aspiration errors, (b) H index >0.5 g/L and (c) suppressed reports of potassium (K) due to hemolysis. TAT was calculated for emergency samples. The proportions of samples (a), (b) and (c) were compared according to period A.

Results
The number of aspiration errors was significantly higher in samples centrifuged at 2876 × g for 5 min (p = 0.021) and remained unchanged when centrifuged for 7 min (p = 0.066 and 0.177, for periods C and D, respectively). In periods B, C and D, the proportion of samples with hemolysis was higher than that in period A (p-values 0.039, 0.009 and 0.042, respectively). TAT differed between all periods (p < 0.001), with the lowest TAT observed for B and D. The lowest number of samples exceeding 60-min TAT was observed in period D (p = 0.011).

Conclusions
The integrity of serum samples is changed with different centrifugation conditions than those recommended. Our study showed that shorter centrifugation at higher force (7 min at 4141 × g) significantly decreases TAT, with unchanged proportion of samples with aspiration errors.
Benefits for the Implementation of a Business Process Model Approach Inside Organizations
Authors: Danţiş Dragoș 
Published: July 2019

Abstract
Currently organizations have evolved with the development of global economy and transformed from national players into regional or international actors. Decision makers and governing functions have been put in the situation to identify new ways to support their strategy and sustain organizational management. One of the modalities to accomplish these objectives has been to implement a Business Process Model Approach inside the organizations. The document will detail and highlight the benefits for a legal entity once such an approach is put in practice
The influence of bio-fibers from different pulping processes on the pulp-polylactic acid composites (PPCs) properties from sugarcane bagasse
Authors: Allahdady Maryam , Hedjazi Sahab , Jonoobi Mehdi , Abdulkhani Ali , Jamalirad Loya 
Published: July 2019

Abstract
Pulp-polylactic acid composites (PPCs) with monoethanolamine, alkaline sulfite-anthraquinone, unbleached and bleached soda bagasse pulps and polylactic acid (PLA) were successfully fabricated using twin-screw extrusion. The results were compared with bagasse flour-PLA composites (WPCs) as reference. The results indicated that the mechanical strengths of produced composites with pulp fibers were increased compared to the neat PLA and bagasse flour-PLA composites. Monoethanolamine and alkaline sulfite-anthraquinone fibers due to their surface chemical structure had a superior compatibility with PLA compared with other used bio-fibers which has been confirmed by SEM micrographs too. FTIR was used to investigate the effect of different chemical treatments on the bio-fibers. The results of XRD analysis showed that the crystallinity of PPCs was substantially improved by incorporation with pulp fibers compared to WPCs composites. The water absorption of the PPCs is different due to using the diverse bio-fibers. According to DMA analysis, the tan delta was substantially decreased when PLA was reinforced by different bio-fibers. The biodegradation of green composites were characterized and the results showed that the biodegradability of the PLA was increased due to addition of bagasse pulp biofibers.
Kinetics and mechanism of the advanced oxidation process of Cr(III) to Cr(VI) by SO4
−˙ free radicals in slightly acidic simulated atmospheric water
Authors: Djouider Fathi 
Published: July 2019

Abstract
In a previous work, we showed that the oxidation of Cr(III) to Cr(VI) by OH˙ present in the atmospheric water droplets has the potential to threaten the people’s health since non-toxic species is transformed into environmental carcinogens. The same oxidation might be initiated by the SO4
−˙ free radicals. Here, we shed some light on the detailed mechanisms of this oxidation reaction occurring in ambient atmosphere. Steady state irradiation and pulse radiolysis technique were used to generate SO4
−˙. The advanced oxidation process mechanism was investigated at pH 4 and 6 selected as typical values of cloud water acidity. Our findings showed that the oxidation is pseudo-first order with respect to Cr(III) and is pH dependent. In the suggested reaction mechanism, the electron transfer proceeds via an inner sphere mechanism, with formation of the [Cr(III)–SO4
−˙] precursor adduct, followed by an electron transfer inside the adduct, from Cr(III) to SO4
−˙, to form Cr(IV):

Cr(III)
+

SO

4

−
·

⇌
[
C
r
(
III
)
–

SO

4

−
·

]
→
Cr(IV)
+

SO

4

2
−

.

$${\rm{Cr(III)}} + {\rm{S}}{{\rm{O}}_4}^{ - \cdot}[Cr({\rm{III}})-{\rm{S}}{{\rm{O}}_4}^{ -\cdot }] \to {\rm{Cr(IV)}} + {\rm{S}}{{\rm{O}}_4}^{2 - }.$$

At pH 4, the equilibrium constant and the rate constant are 7.52 × 104 M−1 and 2.47 × 104 s−1, respectively. At pH 6 these values become 1.90 × 105 M−1 and 1.41 × 104 s−1, respectively.
Histone H2B Ubiquitylation Regulates Histone Gene Expression by Suppressing Antisense Transcription in Fission Yeast
Authors: Pagé Viviane , Chen Jennifer J , Durand-Dubief Mickael , Grabowski David , Oya Eriko , Sansô Miriam , Martin Ryan D , Hébert Terence E , Fisher Robert P , Ekwall Karl , Tanny Jason C 
Published: July 2019

Abstract
Histone H2B monoubiquitylation (H2Bub1) is tightly linked to RNA polymerase II transcription elongation, and is also directly implicated in DNA replication and repair. Loss of H2Bub1 is associated with defects in cell cycle progression, but how these are related to its various functions, and the underlying mechanisms involved, is not understood. Here we describe a role for H2Bub1 in the regulation of replication-dependent histone genes in the fission yeast Schizosaccharomyces pombe. H2Bub1 activates histone genes indirectly by suppressing antisense transcription of ams2+—a gene encoding a GATA-type transcription factor that activates histone genes and is required for assembly of centromeric chromatin. Mutants lacking the ubiquitylation site in H2B or the H2B-specific E3 ubiquitin ligase Brl2 had elevated levels of ams2+ antisense transcripts and reduced Ams2 protein levels. These defects were reversed upon inhibition of Cdk9—an ortholog of the kinase component of positive transcription elongation factor b (P-TEFb)—indicating that they likely resulted from aberrant transcription elongation. Reduced Cdk9 activity also partially rescued chromosome segregation phenotypes of H2Bub1 mutants. In a genome-wide analysis, loss of H2Bub1 led to increased antisense transcripts at over 500 protein-coding genes in H2Bub1 mutants; for a subset of these, including several genes involved in chromosome segregation and chromatin assembly, antisense derepression was Cdk9-dependent. Our results highlight antisense suppression as a key feature of cell cycle-dependent gene regulation by H2Bub1, and suggest that aberrant transcription elongation may underlie the effects of H2Bub1 loss on cell cycle progression.
Fixed point results for alpha-implicit contractions with application to integral equations
Authors: Hussain Nawab , Vetro Calogero , Vetro Francesca 
Published: July 2019

Recently, Aydi et al. [On fixed point results for α-implicit contractions in quasi-metric spaces and consequences, Nonlinear Anal. Model. Control, 21(1):40–56, 2016] proved some fixed point results involving α-implicit contractive conditions in quasi-b-metric spaces. In this paper we extend and improve these results and derive some new fixed point theorems for implicit contractions in ordered quasi-b-metric spaces. Moreover, some examples and an application to integral equations are given here to illustrate the usability of the obtained results.
Red Neuronal Artificial aplicado para el pronóstico de eventos críticos de PM2.5 en el Valle de Aburra.
Authors: Baena Salazar Daniela 
Published: July 2019

Las grandes implicaciones que tiene en la salud humana la exposición a eventos de contaminación atmosférica, puede tener repercusiones en la calidad de vida, economía, y en la calidad de los ecosistemas de una ciudad. Con la posibilidad de prever un evento crítico, se habilita la opción de tomar medidas adecuadas para la mitigación o incluso la prevención dichos impactos. En este documento, se ha desarrollado y se ha probado un modelo de Redes Neuronales Artificiales (RNA) para pronosticar la concentración diaria del material particulado menor a 2.5 micras (PM2.5) en el Valle de Aburrá (Colombia), con un día de anticipación. Esto, a partir de información de tres estaciones de la Red de Monitoreo de Calidad del Aire del Área Metropolitana.