bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Screening of monoterpene indole alkaloids in six Rauwolfia species by ultra‐high performance liquid chromatography orbitrap velos pro mass spectrometer
Authors: Kumar Sunil , Singh Awantika , Kumar Brijesh 
Published: July 2019

AbstractMonoterpene indole alkaloids have gained significant interest due to their important medicinal properties and unique skeletal characteristics. There is an urgent need to develop simple, fast and suitable method for identification and characterization of monoterpene indole alkaloids in plant extracts. Therefore, ajmaline, ajmalicine and serpentine were analyzed by direct infusion into electrospray ionization source under high‐resolution mass spectrometric conditions using orbitrap velos pro mass spectrometer in collision‐induced dissociation mode. The diagnostic fragment ions were identified and established fragmentation pathways on the basis of multistage mass spectrometry. Multistage mass spectrometric analysis showed C‐ring cleavage in ajmaline and ajmalicine whereas in serpentine E‐ring cleavage took place by retro Diels Alder. Optimized multistage mass spectrometric conditions for ajmaline, ajmalicine and serpentine were applied along with developed ultra high performance liquid chromatography with orbitrap velos pro multistage mass spectrometry method for ammoniacal chloroform root extracts of six Rauwolfia species. In total, 17 alkaloids were identified and characterized on the basis of their chromatographic, mass spectrometric and multistage mass spectrometric analysis in the ammoniacal chloroform root extracts of six Rauwolfia species. This method could be used to speed up dereplication of these bioactive monoterpene indole alkaloids in extracts.
The August 24, 2016, Central Italy Earthquake: Validation of the “Modified Utstein Template for Hospital Disaster Response Reporting” As a New Tool for Reporting Hospitals’ Response to Disasters
Authors: Paganini Matteo , Ragazzoni Luca , Rossitto Fabio , Vecchiato Aurora , Bonfini Rita , Mucciante Maria Vittoria , Nisii Alessandra , Della Corte Francesco , Ingrassia Pier Luigi 
Published: July 2019

ABSTRACTBackground:After-action reports analyze events and improve knowledge about how to prevent and react to unexpected situations. Anyway, there is no consensus among the templates developed for disaster events reporting, and there is not a specific model for reporting hospital disaster response.Objective:The study was aimed to pilot the use of a new assessment tool for hospital response to natural disasters.Methods:A data collection tool, focused on hospital disaster response to natural disasters, was created modifying the “Utstein-Style Template for Uniform Data Reporting of Acute Medical Response in Disasters” and tested the reaction of the nearest hospitals to the epicenter after the August 24, 2016, Central Italy earthquake.Results:Four hospitals were included. The completion rate of the tool was 97.10%. A total of 613 patients accessed the 4 emergency departments, most of them in Rieti Hospital (178; 29.04%). Three hundred thirty-six (54.81%) patients were classified as earthquake-related, most with trauma injuries (260; 77.38%).Conclusions:This template seemed to be a valid instrument for hospital disaster management reporting and could be used for better comprehension of hospital disaster reaction, debriefing activities, and hospital disaster plan revisions.
Weak* and entropy approximation of nonhyperbolic measures: a geometrical approach
Authors: DÍAZ LORENZO J. , GELFERT KATRIN , SANTIAGO BRUNO 
Published: July 2019

AbstractWe studyC1-robustly transitive and nonhyperbolic diffeomorphisms having a partially hyperbolic splitting with one-dimensional central bundle whose strong un-/stable foliations are both minimal. In dimension 3, an important class of examples of such systems is given by those with a simple closed periodic curve tangent to the central bundle. We prove that there is aC1-open and dense subset of such diffeomorphisms such that every nonhyperbolic ergodic measure (i.e. with zero central exponent) can be approximated in the weak* topology and in entropy by measures supported in basic sets with positive (negative) central Lyapunov exponent. Our method also allows to show how entropy changes across measures with central Lyapunov exponent close to zero. We also prove that any nonhyperbolic ergodic measure is in the intersection of the convex hulls of the measures with positive central exponent and with negative central exponent.
“If you don’t improve, what’s the point?” Investigating the impact of a “flipped” online exchange in teacher education
Authors: Dooly Melinda , Sadler Randall 
Published: July 2019

AbstractThis article presents a pedagogical design for teacher education that combines flipped materials, in-class instruction, and telecollaboration (also known as virtual exchange) for foreign language teacher education. The context of this study is a course on technology and language learning for future teachers in which the flipped classroom concept was applied to technology-infused collaborative teacher training between future ESL/EFL instructors located at two partner universities (one in the USA, one in Europe). The three main teaching approaches (flipped materials, in class, and telecollaborative, or “FIT”) were symbiotic in that each structure reinforced the other through reception, discussion, and reflection as a means to help the student teachers bridge the gap between theory and practice. We apply classroom ethnographic discourse analysis to data sources (face-to-face and online discussion groups, student e-portfolios) to look at uptake of ideas, conceptual understanding, and successful transfer of new knowledge, and thereby identify whether the design provides significant learning opportunities for the future teachers. Although most studies of telecollaboration in language teacher education look principally at output, this approach allows an in-depth look at the learning process as knowledge is developed collaboratively between the participants.
A Parametric Analysis of Fault Reactivation in the New Madrid Seismic Zone: The Role of Pore Fluid Overpressure
Authors: Leclère Henri , Calais Éric 
Published: July 2019

AbstractEarthquakes in Stable Continental Regions (SCR), where localized present‐day tectonic loading is negligible, remain difficult to explain. The New Madrid Seismic Zone (NMSZ) is a type‐locale for such events, with four M>7 events in 1811–1812 and a regional seismicity that continues to this day. Here, we seek to determine the most favorable conditions for fault reactivation in such a context using 33 earthquakes in the 2.1–4.7 magnitude range with well‐determined focal mechanisms while accounting for the vertical gradient of differential stress with depth. To do so, we developed a Mohr‐Coulomb‐based parametric analysis of fault reactivation that allows us to vary the orientation of the principal stresses, the shape ratio of the stress tensor, the fault friction coefficient, the pore fluid overpressure, and the gradient of differential stress with depth. Doing so, we are able to determine the lowest stress perturbation conditions required for fault reactivation. Our results show that the reactivation of the faults studied here requires pore fluid overpressure, unless their friction coefficient is 0.4 or less. We argue that such weak faults are unlikely and favor a triggering mechanism via deep fluids, possibly upwelling from the upper mantle where a low‐velocity seismic anomaly could indicate their presence. This mechanism, documented in other intraplate areas, does not require local tectonic stress or strain accumulation to explain seismicity in active intraplate regions, where elastic strain is drawn from a prestressed crust.
Parkinson’s progression prediction using machine learning and serum cytokines
Authors: Ahmadi Rastegar Diba , Ho Nicholas , Halliday Glenda M. , Dzamko Nicolas 
Published: July 2019

AbstractThe heterogeneous nature of Parkinson’s disease (PD) symptoms and variability in their progression complicates patient treatment and interpretation of clinical trials. Consequently, there is much interest in developing models that can predict PD progression. In this study we have used serum samples from a clinically well characterized longitudinally followed Michael J Fox Foundation cohort of PD patients with and without the common leucine-rich repeat kinase 2 (LRRK2) G2019S mutation. We have measured 27 inflammatory cytokines and chemokines in serum at baseline and after 1 year to investigate cytokine stability. We then used the baseline measurements in conjunction with machine learning models to predict longitudinal clinical outcomes after 2 years follow up. Using the normalized root mean square error (NRMSE) as a measure of performance, the best prediction models were for the motor symptom severity scales, with NRMSE of 0.1123 for the Hoehn and Yahr scale and 0.1193 for the unified Parkinson’s disease rating scale part three (UPDRS III). For each model, the top variables contributing to prediction were identified, with the chemokines macrophage inflammatory protein one alpha (MIP1α), and monocyte chemoattractant protein one (MCP1) making the biggest peripheral contribution to prediction of Hoehn and Yahr and UPDRS III, respectively. These results provide information on the longitudinal assessment of peripheral inflammatory cytokines in PD and give evidence that peripheral cytokines may have utility for aiding prediction of PD progression using machine learning models.
Home environment: respiratory and allergic phenotypes from birth to age six in the PELAGIE cohort
Authors: Apel Katharina , Costet Nathalie , Chapron Anthony , Cordier Sylvaine , Monfort Christine , Chevrier Cécile , Pelé Fabienne 
Published: July 2019

AbstractChildhood asthma and allergies are particularly prevalent diseases. Our objective is to identify respiratory and allergic phenotypes from birth to 6 years of age, and to explore their environmental determinants, especially those related to the home environment. Data on respiratory and allergic health outcomes and domestic environmental exposure were collected for 935 mother–infant pairs from a longitudinal mother–child cohort based on mothers, included before 19 weeks of gestation in Brittany between 2002 and 2006. Information was obtained by self-administered questionnaires completed by parents at inclusion, delivery, and when the child was 2 and 6 years old. Kml3D clustering was used to describe profiles of children who shared similar trajectories of symptoms as phenotypes. Association with environmental determinants was estimated by polytomous logistic regression. Five phenotypes were identified: a reference group characterized by low symptom levels (31.1%), a transient cough phenotype (36.5%), an eczema/cough phenotype (12.3%), a wheeze/cough phenotype (11.8%), and finally a mixed phenotype (8.0%). The wheeze/cough profile was associated with postnatal exposure to glues used in renovation activities (aOR 2.3 [1.2–4.7]), and the mixed phenotype with postnatal exposure to paint (aOR 2.1 [1–4.5]). The phenotypes observed showed some consistencies with those seen in previous studies. Some exposures associated with respiratory/allergic phenotypes observed in this study are avoidable. If confirmed by further research including interventional trials, home-based environmental counseling could be a possible prevention target for primary care professionals.
Pharmakokinetik bei Kindern: Worauf kommt es bei der korrekten Medikamentendosierung an?
Authors: Fideler Frank 
Published: July 2019

ZusammenfassungKinder sind in der Anästhesie eine seltene Patientengruppe. Um Medikamentenfehldosierungen zu vermeiden, sind genaue Kenntnisse über Aufnahme, Verteilung, Verstoffwechselung und Ausscheidung der verwendeten Wirkstoffe wesentlich. Auch bedarf es ausreichender Erfahrung mit pharmakokinetischen Variationen oder Komedikationen innerhalb der verschiedenen Altersklassen, um patientenadaptiert eine korrekte Dosisapplikation zu ermöglichen.
Effect of Exercise on Outcome after Ventricular Tachycardia Ablation in Arrhythmogenic Right Ventricular Dysplasia/Cardiomyopathy
Authors: Müssigbrodt Andreas , Czimbalmos Csilla , Stauber Annina , Bertagnolli Livio , Bode Kerstin , Dagres Nikolaos , Döring Michael , Richter Sergio , Sommer Philipp , Husser Daniela , Bollmann Andreas , Hindricks Gerhard , Arya Arash 
Published: July 2019

AbstractCompetitive sports and intensive exercise are associated with adverse outcomes in patients with arrhythmogenic right ventricular dysplasia/cardiomyopathy (ARVD/C). This study aimed to assess the role of exercise on long-term results of radiofrequency catheter ablation (RFCA) therapy of ventricular tachycardia (VT) in patients with ARVD/C. Exercise participation was evaluated by telephone or in-person interviews in patients from our ARVD/C registry with previous VT ablation (38 patients, 26 males, age 52.6±14.1years). Of 38 patients, 30 were involved in sports activities before RFCA. Only the minority of our patient population (21.1%) had a sedentary lifestyle before RFCA; 42.1 and 36.8% reported recreational or competitive sports, respectively. During the follow-up period of 52.5±31.4 months, 23 of the total 38 patients with previous RFCA (60.5%) remained free from VT recurrence. In univariate and binary logistic regression analysis, only advanced age was significantly associated with VT recurrence, with a hazard ratio of 1.15, and 95% confidence interval 1.05–1.26 (p=0.004). The results of our observational study indicate that recreational sports do not impair long-term results after RFCA treatment compared with a sedentary lifestyle. Furthermore, the dynamic component of recreational exercise did not affect the outcome of VT ablation in our patient population. Recreational exercise at low to moderate intensity is not associated with an increased risk for VT recurrence after catheter ablation in patients with ARVD/C.
An Interesting Case of Penetrating Brain Injury by a Self-Hammered Nail
Authors: Besra Saurav K. , Harsh Viraat , Mishra Parijat , Sahay Chandra B. 
Published: July 2019

AbstractPenetrating brain injuries by nails are rare. These usually have been reported as work-related accidents such as from falls or nail gun misfires and in cases of assault. The authors present a case of a 38-year-old psychiatric patient who attempted suicide by self-impalement of nail in the vertex near the midline of the head. Surprisingly, he was asymptomatic after a brief loss of consciousness, and with a Glasgow Coma Scale of 15. There was no history of vomiting or seizures. Intraoperative and postoperative periods were uneventful. Many unusual intracranial foreign bodies have been reported in medical literature, but one of a self-inflicted intracranial injury by hammering a nail is rare. In this article, the authors describe their case report and discuss the challenges encountered in the management of a patient with intracranial injuries by nail, along with a brief review of literature.
Analysis of Surgical Outcome in Patients with Firearm Injury to Spine
Authors: Mahakul Dibya Jyoti , Doddamani Ramesh , Meena Rajesh , Agrawal Deepak 
Published: July 2019

Abstract
Aim of Study To see whether surgical intervention in gunshot injuries to the spine leads to recovery in neurologic status.
Methods It is a retrospective study conducted at the Jai Prakash Narayan Apex Trauma Centre (JPNATC), All India Institutes of Medical Sciences (AIIMS), New Delhi, where case records of 20 patients with gunshot injury to the spine, admitted between January 2013 to March 2018, were analyzed.
Result Out of 20 patients, 17 underwent surgical intervention. Entry wound was most common on the back, with the thoracic vertebrae being the most common segment involved. Nine patients had complete spinal cord injury (SCI) at the time of presentation and seven of them underwent surgery. However, only one of these patients showed neurologic improvement at follow-up. Seven patients with canal compromise underwent surgery, and only two of them showed improvement in neurologic status at follow-up. Early surgery was done in 8 out of 16 patients. All 16 patients underwent decompressive procedure, and 3 underwent additional stabilization procedure. Bullet was removed in nine cases. Intraoperative blood loss was minimal in 9 cases, and dural breach was noticed in 14 cases. At follow-up, 56.25% patients showed improvement in neurologic status.
Conclusion Surgical intervention, timing of surgery, amount of intraoperative blood loss, and dural breach had no significant impact on the overall surgical outcome. Neurologic status at the time of presentation is the single most important factor that determines the ultimate outcome. Indication and type of surgical intervention is still an ambiguous topic. Owing to lack of conclusive evidence, we believe that there is role for surgery when it is done with an intention to restore the neurologic function.
Homeopathy as Therapy for Mycosis Fungoides: Case Reports of Three Patients
Authors: Nwabudike Lawrence Chukwudi 
Published: July 2019

Background Mycosis fungoides (MF) is an uncommon, indolent, form of cutaneous T cell lymphoma, of which there are various types according to international classification. Various treatment modalities are available; however, these are fraught with potentially severe adverse effects.
Methods Three cases of immunohistochemically confirmed MF were treated with classical individualized homeopathy. Each case was followed up with photographic documentation and was reported according to the criteria set out in the HOM-CASE guidelines. Based on the WHO-EORTC (World Health Organization–European Organization for Research and Treatment of Cancer) criteria, the patients were classified as T1b, T1a/T1b and T2b respectively.
Results All cases remitted following homeopathic treatment and remained in remission. Side effects were not reported in these cases.
Conclusions MF may respond to individualized homeopathic medicine. Although the case number here is small, MF is not a common disorder, spontaneous remission is not usually expected, and the disease may progress to a more severe form. Hence, these findings could serve as a basis for further research into the role of individualized homeopathic medicine in the treatment of MF.
Complex Renal Arteriovenous Malformation (AVM) Embolization using Ethylene Vinyl Alcohol (EVOH) Copolymer and a Balloon Microcatheter
Authors: Moriarty Heather Kate , Clements Warren , Joseph Tim , Madan Anoop , Phan Tuan 
Published: July 2019

AbstractOccurrence of a symptomatic renal arteriovenous malformation (AVM) is rare. The authors present the case of a patient with a background of Turner's syndrome, hemophilia B, and horseshoe kidney, who presented with hematuria and was successfully treated with endovascular embolization. The use of a microballoon catheter Scepter XC (Microvention, Inc.) to safely embolize the feeding arterial supply, using ethylene vinyl alcohol (EVOH) copolymer (Onyx; Medtronic/ev3) has not, to the authors’ knowledge, previously been described for the treatment of renal AVM. This novel use of an occlusal balloon catheter is permitted by the precipitation rate of Onyx, and allowed a safe and effective procedure, reducing the risk of reflux, allowing a forward push of embolic material in a controlled manner.
Mutant huntingtin disrupts mitochondrial proteostasis by interacting with TIM23
Authors: Yablonska Svitlana , Ganesan Vinitha , Ferrando Lisa M. , Kim JinHo , Pyzel Anna , Baranova Oxana V. , Khattar Nicolas K. , Larkin Timothy M. , Baranov Sergei V. , Chen Ning , Strohlein Colleen E. , Stevens Donté A. , Wang Xiaomin , Chang Yue-Fang , Schurdak Mark E. , Carlisle Diane L. , Minden Jonathan S. , Friedlander Robert M. 
Published: July 2019

Significance
We delineate the downstream pathologic consequences underlying the known mitochondrial protein import defect caused by mutant huntingtin (mHTT). We show direct high-affinity mHTT interaction with the inner mitochondrial membrane protein importing complex subunit translocase of mitochondrial inner membrane 23 (TIM23) and show that mHTT more strongly associates with TIM23 than wild-type huntingtin (wtHTT). We find that endogenous full-length wtHTT and mHTT localize in the mitochondrial intermembrane space. We also find that reduction of TIM23-imported mitochondrial matrix proteins is likely due to mHTT binding to TIM23. Thus, the interaction between mHTT and TIM23 results in an altered mitochondrial proteome. Our findings explain a cause of the mitochondrial pathology in Huntington’s disease and provide insight into the mechanistic consequences of mitochondrial mHTT interactions.
The Impact of Private Insurance Access on Nonurgent Inflammatory Bowel Disease-Related Emergency Department Use
Authors: Bollegala Natasha , Nguyen Geoffrey C 
Published: July 2019

Abstract

Background
Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD)-related Emergency Department (ED) visits are a costly component to current healthcare expenditures. Patients who are discharged directly from the ED for nonurgent issues (aka “treat and release” ED visits) present an opportunity for quality improvement.

Purpose
To determine the impact of private insurance on IBD-related treat and release ED visits. The secondary outcome was cost per IBD-related ED visit.

Methodology
A retrospective cohort study was performed on the 2006 Nationwide Emergency Department Sample (NEDS). Comparisons were made between patients with access to private insurance vs those without. Multivariable survey-weighted logistic and linear regression models with clustering by hospital were created for the primary and secondary outcomes, respectively.

Results
In total, 19,324 patient encounters were included in the stratified analytic sample. Of these, 9272 (47.98%) patients reported private insurance as their primary payment method. An additional 10,052 (52.02%) patients reported an alternative payment form. The private insurance group was statistically younger, less likely to reside in an urban setting and had more representation within the highest income quartile. The OR of a treat and release ED visit was 1.47 (95% confidence interval 1.34–1.62) for no private insurance compared to private insurance. On average, the cost per ED visit of patients without private insurance was $214.80 ± 48.48, P &lt; 0.001 less than those with private insurance.

Conclusions
Lack of private insurance is an important predictor of IBD-related treat and release ED visits.
Was There a Money Economy in Late Anglo-Saxon and Norman England?
Authors: Fairbairn Henry 
Published: July 2019

Abstract
This article asks whether there was a money economy in Anglo-Saxon and Norman England (924–1135). In simple terms, a money economy can be defined as an economic system where money has replaced barter as the principal means of exchange. Bolton has also recently stated that ‘when the use of coin becomes the norm and not the exception … we have the beginnings of a money economy’. These two complementary definitions will provide the basis against which the question will be answered. One focus of this article is therefore on a thorough examination of the documentary material in order to demonstrate the value of monetary equivalents and small-scale transactions in this period. The second focus is on assembling, collating and analysing the abundant numismatic material in the form of single coin finds and coin hoards, an approach which affords more specific evidence of how money was actually used. The combination of approaches proposed here makes possible the formation of a more precise understanding of how money was—and was not—used across the social spectrum of English society during a period of momentous political change.