bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
GAYA HIDUP ELITE MINANGKABAU DI AFDEELING AGAM (1837-1942)
Authors: Lestari Dwi Vina , Lubis Nina Herlina , Mulyadi R.M. 
Published: March 2018

Elite Minangkabau di Afdeeling Agam mengalami perubahan, baik meliputi status, kekuasaan, maupun sumber penghasilan. Hal tersebut terjadi bersamaan dengan ditetapkannya kebijakan politik Pemerintahan Hindia Belanda di Sumatera Barat (1837-1942). Untuk menjabarkan persoalan tersebut diperlukan kajian historis menggunakan metode sejarah, terdiri atas heuristik, kritik, interpretasi, dan historiografi. Selain itu, untuk menghasikan karya yang bersifat analitis, dilakukan pendekatan ilmu antropologi dan sosiologi politik. Berdasarkan penelitian yang dilakukan, gaya hidup elite Minangkabau di Afdeeling Agam pada 1837-1942 tidak mengalami perubahan seutuhnya, melainkan terjadi akulturasi budaya asli Minangkabau dengan budaya Barat. Umumnya, gaya hidup elite tradisional Minangkabau yang menduduki jabatan kolonial mencerminkan statusnya sebagai pegawai pemerintah dan pemimpin sukunya masing-masing, sedangkan gaya hidup elite intelektual lebih banyak menyerap budaya Barat. Meskipun demikian, baik elite tradisional maupun elite intelektual tetap menunjukkan cirinya sebagai orang Minangkabau, dapat diperhatikan dari agama dan tradisi adat yang tetap dilakukan hingga saat ini. Minangkabau Elite in Afdeeling Agam has been changed, including status, power, and income sources. It coincided with the enactment of the Dutch East Indies government policy in West Sumatra (1837-1942). To describe these issues, it needs historical study by using the historical method; it consists of heuristics, criticism, interpretation, and historiography. In addition, to generate the analytical work, the writer does anthropology and political sociology approach. Based on the research, Minangkabau elite lifestyle in Afdeeling Agam in 1837-1942 did not change completely, but there were an acculturation between native Minangkabau and Western culture. Generally, the traditional Minangkabau elite lifestyle which has colonial positions reflected its status as government officials and leaders of their own people. Meanwhile, the intellectual elite lifestyle absorbed Western culture. Nonetheless, both the traditional elite and intellectual elite continued to show the character as the Minangkabau, it can be considered from the religious and customary traditions which are still being done until today.
GEDUNG MERDEKA SEBAGAI OBJEK WISATA DI KOTA BANDUNG
Authors: Nurgiansyah Nandang Firman , Falah Miftahul 
Published: March 2018

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menjelaskan upaya yang diperlukan bagi pengembangan fungsi Gedung Merdeka sebagai objek wisata. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode sejarah, yang terdiri dari tahapan heuristik, kritik, interpretasi, dan historiografi. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian, Gedung Merdeka belum dimanfaatkan secara optimal sebagai daya tarik wisata dan kurangnya fasilitas wisata di gedung tersebut. Gedung Merdeka memiliki daya tarik sebagai benda cagar budaya yang bernilai historis dan terdapat Museum KAA di salah satu bagian gedungnya. Museum tersebut mengoleksi dan memamerkan benda dan foto yang berkaitan dengan Konferensi Asia Afrika. Selain itu, sarana wisata yang perlu ditambah seperti cafetaria, coffee shop, tempat duduk dan bersantai untuk wisatawan dan ruangan audio visual yang lebih menarik. Oleh sebab itu, perlu optimalisasi fungsi komplek Gedung Merdeka sebagai daya tarik wisata. The thesis It aims to explain the efforts need for the development function of Gedung Merdeka as tourist attraction. The thesis uses the history research methods, which of heuristic, critic, interpretation, and historiography. Based on theresearch results, problems encountered the building that is not used optimally as a tourist attraction, the lack of tourist facilities in the building. Gedung Merdeka has an attraction as a cultural heritage object of historical value and there is KAA Museum in one part of the building. The museum collects and exhibits objects and photos related to the Asian African Conference. In addition, tourist facilities that need to be added such as cafeteria, coffee shop, seating and relax for tourists and audio visual space more attractive. Therefore, it needs to optimize complex functions the Gedung Merdeka as a tourist attraction.
TRANSPORTASI KERETA API DI JAWA BARAT ABAD KE-19 (BOGOR-SUKABUMI-BANDUNG)
Authors: Lamiyati Lasmiyati 
Published: March 2018

Kopi merupakan jenis tanaman yang laku di pasaranEropa. Kopi yang pernah diujicoba ditanam di Batavia dan Karawang hasilnya kurang memuaskan dibandingkan dengan kopi yang ditanam di dataran Sukabumi. Selain kopi, tanaman yang laku di pasaran Eropa adalah teh, kapas, dan nila. Dengan produk hasil bumi yang melimpah danlaku di pasaran Eropa tersebut belum didukung adanya sarana transportasi yang mamadai, pasalnya jenis transportasi yang ada masih menggunakan hewan beban, dan sarana jalan yang ada masih jalan setapak. Dari permasalahan tersebut, para pemilik perkebunan memikirkan adanya jenis transportasi kereta api yang dapat mengangkut hasil bumi dari gudang penyimpanan ke pelabuhan. Penelitian ini dilakukan untuk mengetahui transportasi di Jawa Barat (Bogor-Sukabumi-Bandung) pada abad ke-19. Metode yang digunakan adalah metode sejarah yang meliputi heuristik, kritik, interpretasi, dan historiografi. Dari hasil penelitian yang dilakukan, diperoleh informasi bahwa jalur transpotasi kereta api dari Bogor-Sukabumi-Bandung dibangun untuk mengangkut hasil perkebunan yang ternyata pembangunan jalur transportasi tersebut telah membawa dampak pada pertumbuhan wilayah dan pergerakan penduduk dari desa ke kota. Kata kunci: Transportasi Kereta Api, Bogor-Sukabumi-Bandung, Pertumbuhan Kota.
STUDI KEPERCAYAAN MASYARAKAT JATIGEDE
Authors: Purnama Yuzar 
Published: March 2018

AbstrakMasyarakat Jatigede berada di wilayah administrasi Kabupaten Sumedang Provinsi Jawa Barat. Istilah “masyarakat Jatigede” merupakan gabungan masyarakat 5 kecamatan yang terkena dampak pembangunan Waduk Jatigede. Nama Jatigede diambil dari salah satu kecamatan dari kelima kecamatan yang terkena dampak. Wilayah ini berada di bawah perbukitan dengan bentuk permukaan yang cekung sehingga memenuhi syarat untuk dijadikan sebuah bendungan raksasa, waduk. Oleh karena posisinya berada di bawah dengan permukaan yang cukup luas, daerah ini terkenal dengan kesuburannya, baik ditumbuhi dengan berbagai macam tumbuhan tropis maupun dengan tanaman padi yang hijau membentang luas. Masyarakat Jatigede merupakan masyarakat agraris yang kesehariannya dominan berkecimpung dalam pertanian, masyarakat ini dalam kehidupan sehari-harinya kental dengan budaya Sunda. Masyarakatnya sejak dulu sampai kini relatif memegang teguh warisan budaya karuhun (leluhur), mulai dari perilaku bertani, daur hidup, kesenian, perilaku berbahasa, dan sebagainya. Penelitian ini dibatasi pada kepercayaan masyarakat Jatigede yang tertuang dalam upacara pertanian, upacara daur hidup, dan ungkapan tradisional. Tujuan penelitian untuk mendapatkan gambaran tentang kepercayaan masyarakat Jatigede Kabupaten Sumedang. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode deskriptif dengan pendekatan kualitatif. AbstractThe Jatigede society is located under the administration region of Sumedang sub district West Java Province. The term “Jatigede Society” is a combination of five sub districts which is affected by Waduk Jatigede. The name of Jatigede is taken from one of the subdistrict name. The territory is under the valley which have concave surface form and make it eligible to be used as a giant dam, reservoir. Because of its position, the area is famous for its fertility, either overgrown with a variety of tropical plants or with stretches of green rice plants widely. Jatigede community is predominantly agrarian society, daily engaged in agriculture, and their life is thick with Sundanese culture. Relatively, since the beginning until now this society upholds cultural heritage (ancestors), ranging from farming behavior, life cycle, arts, language behavior, and so on. This study is limited to Jatigede belief which formed in agricultural ceremonies, life cycle ceremonies, and traditional expressions. The purpose of the study is to get an overview of Jatigede Sumedang belief. This study uses descriptive qualitative approach.
PASAR TRADISIONAL: STUDI KASUS PASAR WISATA 46 DAN PASAR WISATA CIBIRU, KELURAHAN CIPADUNG, KECAMATAN CIBIRU
Authors: Gufron Ali 
Published: March 2018

AbstrakDi Kelurahan Cipadung ada dua pasar tradisional, yaitu Pasar Wisata 46 dan Pasar Wisata Cibiru. Pasar Wisata Cibiru didirikan untuk menampung para pedagang Pasar Wisata 46. Namun, yang menarik adalah para pedagang Pasar Wisata 46 sebagian besar enggan beralih ke Pasar Wisata Cibiru, sehingga perlu dilakukan penelitian dengan pokok masalah mengapa mereka sebagian besar tetap berjualan di Pasar Wisata 46. Padahal, secara fisik bangunan Pasar Wisata Cibiru lebih permanen, lebih bersih, dan fasilitasnya lebih lengkap daripada Pasar Wisata 46. Metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah kualitatif. Adapun teknik yang digunakan untuk menjaring data dan informasi adalah wawancara dan observasi. Hasilnya ada beberapa faktor yang membuat sebagian besar para pedagang Pasar Wisata 46 enggan pindah ke Pasar Wisata Cibiru, yaitu: lokasi pasar dinilai kurang strategis, kios relatif kecil, biaya sewa relatif mahal, retribusi juga relatif mahal, status pedagang termasuk dalam kategori sektor informal, dan sebagian pedagang menganggap bahwa berjualan di Pasar Wisata 46 hanya merupakan pekerjaan sambilan dan atau sebagai uji coba untuk merintis usaha baru. AbstractIn Cipadung regency established two traditional markets. There are Pasar Wisata 46 and Pasar Wisata Cibiru. The reason of building up Pasar Wisata Cibiru is to intercept seller from Pasar Wisata 46. The interesting one is most of the seller in Pasar Wisata 46 unwilling to move to Pasar Wisata Cibiru, so it needs to do a research to find out the reason behind it.Whereas, the building material and other facilities better than the Pasar Wisata 46. The method used in this research is qualitative method. The technique in collecting the data and other information are interview and observation. The result, why they won’t move to Pasar Wisata Cibiru is because of the location seem not in the strategic area, the size of the kiosk is too small, the rent and retributions payment is more expensive, the status of the seller is in the informal category and they feel what that they sell in Pasar Wisata 46 only part-time activity or as a trial.
SISTEM PENGETAHUAN LOKAL MASYARAKAT CIDAUN – CIANJUR SELATAN SEBAGAI WUJUD ADAPTASI BUDAYA
Authors: Rosyadi Rosyadi 
Published: March 2018

AbstrakSistem pengetahuan lokal, kearifan lokal atau kearifan tradisional (indigenous knowledge system) adalah pengetahuan yang khas milik suatu masyarakat atau budaya tertentu yang telah berkembang lama sebagai hasil dari proses hubungan timbal-balik antara masyarakat dengan lingkungannya. Masyarakat Cidaun di kawasan selatan Kabupaten Cianjur memiliki banyak keunikan, baik alam maupun penduduknya. Kondisi geografis Cidaun yang penuh tantangan, memberikan dorongan kepada masyarakatnya untuk lebih memahami lingkungan alamnya. Berbagai peristiwa dan fenomena alam yang mereka hadapi sehari-hari tersebut serta hubungan intensif dengan lingkungan alamnya telah membentuk sistem pengetahuan lokal yang sekaligus menjadi strategi adaptasi budaya masyarakat dalam menjalani kehidupan sehari-hari. Tulisan ini mengkaji sistem pengetahuan lokal masyarakat Cidaun dalam kaitannya dengan lingkungan tempat mereka berpijak dan melakukan aktivitas dalam menggeluti mata pencaharian hidupnya. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian kualitatif serta menggunakan metode deskriptif dengan teknik memaparkan berbagai fenomena budaya, apa yang mereka alami, mereka ketahui, dan interpretasi mereka terhadap fenomena-fenomena yang dihadapi dalam kehidupan sehari-hari. AbstractLocal knowledge systems, indigenous or traditional knowledge are typical knowledge belonging to a particular community or culture that has evolved over many years as a result of the reciprocal relationship between people and their environment. Cidaun communities in southern Cianjur has many unique, both nature and its inhabitants. Cidaun geographical conditions challenging, giving encouragement to the people to better understand the natural environment. Various events and natural phenomena that they face daily and intensive built a relationship with the natural environment and has established a system of local knowledge as well as a strategy of cultural adaptation in living everyday life. This article examines the system of local knowledge Cidaun community in relation to the environment in which they stand and wrestle activity in his livelihood. This research is qualitative and descriptive methods with techniques explained various cultural phenomena, what they experienced, they know, and their interpretation of the phenomena encountered in daily life.
Clinical outcomes following awake and asleep deep brain stimulation for Parkinson disease
Authors: Chen Tsinsue , Mirzadeh Zaman , Chapple Kristina M. , Lambert Margaret , Shill Holly A. , Moguel-Cobos Guillermo , Tröster Alexander I. , Dhall Rohit , Ponce Francisco A. 
Published: March 2018

OBJECTIVERecent studies have shown similar clinical outcomes between Parkinson disease (PD) patients treated with deep brain stimulation (DBS) under general anesthesia without microelectrode recording (MER), so-called “asleep” DBS, and historical cohorts undergoing “awake” DBS with MER guidance. However, few studies include internal controls. This study aims to compare clinical outcomes after globus pallidus internus (GPi) and subthalamic nucleus (STN) DBS using awake and asleep techniques at a single institution.METHODSPD patients undergoing awake or asleep bilateral GPi or STN DBS were prospectively monitored. The primary outcome measure was stimulation-induced change in motor function off medication 6 months postoperatively, measured using the Unified Parkinson’s Disease Rating Scale part III (UPDRS-III). Secondary outcomes included change in quality of life, measured by the 39-item Parkinson’s Disease Questionnaire (PDQ-39), change in levodopa equivalent daily dosage (LEDD), stereotactic accuracy, stimulation parameters, and adverse events.RESULTSSix-month outcome data were available for 133 patients treated over 45 months (78 GPi [16 awake, 62 asleep] and 55 STN [14 awake, 41 asleep]). UPDRS-III score improvement with stimulation did not differ between awake and asleep groups for GPi (awake, 20.8 points [38.5%]; asleep, 18.8 points [37.5%]; p = 0.45) or STN (awake, 21.6 points [40.3%]; asleep, 26.1 points [48.8%]; p = 0.20) targets. The percentage improvement in PDQ-39 and LEDD was similar for awake and asleep groups for both GPi (p = 0.80 and p = 0.54, respectively) and STN cohorts (p = 0.85 and p = 0.49, respectively).CONCLUSIONSIn PD patients, bilateral GPi and STN DBS using the asleep method resulted in motor, quality-of-life, and medication reduction outcomes that were comparable to those of the awake method.
Voxel-Based Acetylcholinesterase PET Study in Early and Late Onset Alzheimer’s Disease
Authors: Hirano Shigeki , Shinotoh Hitoshi , Shimada Hitoshi , Ota Tsuneyoshi , Sato Koichi , Tanaka Noriko , Zhang Ming-Rong , Higuchi Makoto , Fukushi Kiyoshi , Irie Toshiaki , Kuwabara Satoshi , Suhara Tetsuya 
Published: March 2018

Background: Alzheimer’s disease (AD) is a neurodegenerative disorder characterized by chronic progressive cognitive decline and displays underlying brain cholinergic dysfunction, providing a rationale for treatment with cholinomimetic medication. The clinical presentations and courses of AD patients may differ by age of onset. Objective: The objective of the present study was to illustrate the regional differences of brain acetylcholinesterase (AChE) activity as quantified by N-[11C]methylpiperidinyl-4-acetate ([11C]MP4A) and PET using parametric whole brain analysis and clarify those differences as a function of age. Methods: 22 early onset AD (EOAD) with age at onset under 65, the remaining 26 as late onset AD (LOAD), and 16 healthy controls (HC) were enrolled. Voxel-based AChE activity estimation of [11C]MP4A PET images was conducted by arterial input and unconstrained nonlinear least-squares method with subsequent parametrical analyses. Statistical threshold was set as Family Wise Error corrected, p-value <0.05 on cluster-level and cluster extent over 30 voxels. Results: Voxel-based group comparison showed that, compared to HC, both EOAD and LOAD showed cortical AChE decrement in parietal, temporal, and occipital cortices, with wider and stringent cortical involvement in the EOAD group, most prominently demonstrated in the temporal region. There was no significant correlation between age and regional cerebral AChE activity except for a small left superior temporal region in the AD group (Brodmann’s area 22, Zmax = 5.13, 396 voxels), whereas no significant cluster was found in the HC counterpart. Conclusion: Difference in cortical cholinergic dysfunction between EOAD and LOAD may shed some light on the cholinomimetic drug efficacy in AD.
Pathologically Confirmed Alzheimer’s Disease in APOE ɛ2 Homozygotes is Rare but Does Occur
Authors: Stipho Faissal , Jackson Robert , Sabbagh Marwan N. 
Published: March 2018

Background: Homozygous APOE ɛ 4 status is a well-known risk factor in the development of Alzheimer’s disease (AD). However, other genotypes of APOE have not yet been found to have equal clinical significance. There is a paucity of reports regarding clinically or pathologically described AD in APOE ɛ 2 homozygotes compared to the other alleles. Objective: To notify clinicians that patients with homozygous APOE ɛ 2 are also at risk of developing AD based on results from the largest prospectively gathered registry of brain samples to date. Methods: We queried the National Alzheimer’s Coordinating Center (NACC) database for autopsy-confirmed AD cases. Of the Uniform Data Set (UDS) participants who are deceased, 5,779 were diagnosed with dementia at their last UDS visit prior to death, and autopsy data is available for 3,518. Results: Of the brains in the NACC database with pathologically confirmed dementia, seven were found to be homozygous for APOE ɛ 2, which represents only 0.2% of the autopsy-confirmed sample. Furthermore, pathology-confirmed AD represents 29% (2/7) of the APOE ɛ 2/ ɛ 2 patients diagnosed with dementia. Conclusions: Although rare, autopsy-confirmed AD can be present in APOE ɛ 2/ ɛ 2 carriers.
Simple index for validity of the evaluation point for dosimetric verification results of intensity-modulated radiation therapy using a Farmer-type ionization chamber
Authors: Hatanaka Shogo , Shimbo Munefumi , Hariu Masatsugu , Nakajima Go , Todoroki Keisuke , Hosaka Katsuhito , Watanabe Tetsuya , Washizu Kana , Utsumi Nobuko , Yamano Takafumi , Nishimura Keiichiro , Takahashi Takeo 
Published: March 2018

PURPOSE: Based on a retrospective analysis, this study aims to develop a simple index for validity of the evaluation point for the dosimetric verification of intensity-modulated radiation therapy (IMRT). METHODS: The results for the dosimetric verifications of a total of 69 IMRT plans were analyzed in this study. A Farmer-type ion chamber was used as a dose detector, and a solid water-equivalent phantom was used. Index values were obtained by dividing the difference between the maximum and minimum dosages by the mean dosage of the 69 plans, and the values were classified into five groups with index value <4, 4–8, 8–12, 12–16, and >16. A t-test was used to assess the statistical significance of the mean differences of the absolute values of the relative errors among these groups. RESULTS: We found that there was no significant difference between the groups with index value <4 and 4–8 ( p = 0.152); however, there were significant differences between the other groups ( p < 0.01). In addition, when the index values were smaller than 8, the pass ratio of 3% tolerance was 96.2% and the pass ratio of 5% tolerance was 99.9%. We observed that the smaller the index value, the smaller the uncertainty of the dose measurement. CONCLUSIONS: The results obtained in this study may prove to be useful for accurate dosimetric verifications of IMRTs when ion chambers are used.
Correlation between antiplatelet therapy in secondary prevention of acute cerebral infarction and cerebral microbleeds: A susceptibility-weighted imaging (SWI) study
Authors: Jia Caiyun , Wei Ci , Hu Ming , Xu Jing , Niu Kun , Zhang Chao , Lv Peiyuan , Li Ling , Dong Yanhong 
Published: March 2018

OBJECTIVE: To investigate the clinical significance of antiplatelet aggregation therapy for patients diagnosed with acute cerebral infarction (ACI) complicated with the cerebral microbleeds (CMBs). METHODS: Thirty patients with ACI and 36 patients with intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH) were included in this research. Two groups, studied by susceptibility-weighted imaging (SWI), were compared in terms of the number, location, and severity of CMBs. Then, 30 cases of ACI patients were divided into CMBs sub-group and non-CMBs sub-group. Univariate analysis between these two sub-groups was performed to determine the risk factors regarding the incidence of CMBs. For ACI patients, the number of CMBs before and after applying anti-platelet treatment were compared to examine the impacts of anti-platelet treatment on hemorrhagic transformation. RESULTS: CMBs were found to be more prevalent and severe in ICH patients than in ACI patients. CMBs in patients with ICH were more severe than in patients with ischemic stroke (IS), which indicates that CMBs closely relate to ICH. Hypertension and leukoaraiosis were found to have significant effects on the incidence of CMBs. After anti-platelet treatment, patients with CMBs (≥5) increased the number of CMB, whereas there was no obvious effect on patients with the CMBs less than 5 or no CMBs. CONCLUSIONS: The number of CMBs increased significantly among ACI patients with 5 or more CMBs before the anti-platelet treatment. CMBs are more frequently found in patients with hemorrhagic stroke than in patients with ischemic stroke, and more severe than the latter, which suggests that the clinical impact of higher association between the increase of the number of the CMBs and the hemorrhagic stroke.
Nonradial Pulsations in Post-outburst Novae
Authors: Wolf William M. , Townsend Richard H. D. , Bildsten Lars 
Published: March 2018

Abstract
After an optical peak, a classical or recurrent nova settles into a brief (days to years) period of quasi-stable thermonuclear burning in a compact configuration nearly at the white dwarf (WD) radius. During this time, the underlying WD becomes visible as a strong emitter of supersoft X-rays. Observations during this phase have revealed oscillations in the X-ray emission with periods on the order of tens of seconds. A proposed explanation for the source of these oscillations is internal gravity waves excited by nuclear reactions at the base of the hydrogen-burning layer. In this work, we present the first models exhibiting unstable surface g-modes with periods similar to oscillation periods found in galactic novae. However, when comparing mode periods of our models to the observed oscillations of several novae, we find that the modes that are excited have periods shorter than that observed.