bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Multifaceted growth promotion and biocontrol of Agroathelia rolfsii and induction of defense mechanism by Bacillus amyloliquefaciensSS‐CR10 on chilli
Authors: Santhosh Chandagalu Ramesh , Mahadevakumar Shivannegowda , Nuthan Bettadapura Rameshgowda , Bharatha Madeva , Parashiva Javaraiah , Mahesh Madappa , Chandranayaka Siddaiah , Satish Sreedharamurthy 
Published: November 2024

AbstractPlant‐growth‐promoting (PGP) endophytic bacteria are beneficial microorganisms that can help plants withstand biotic stress caused by fungal phytopathogens. In the present study, 78 endophytic bacterial isolates were isolated from chilli (Capsicum annuum L.). A potent isolate with several PGP attributes and better inhibition against Agroathelia rolfsii was selected and identified as Bacillus amyloliquefaciens using 16S rDNA homologies. Phosphate solubilization (65.9 μg ml−1), nitrogen fixation, production of IAA (9.77 to 24.45 μg ml−1), ammonia, ACC deaminase, siderophore, and hydrolytic enzymes were among the PGP traits shown by the strain SS_CR10. Furthermore, the strain demonstrated the ability to colonize roots. It significantly improved the plant's developmental traits, such as fresh and dry weight, photosynthetic pigments, and root and shoot length. LC–MS analysis and PCR amplification of lipopeptide genes also showed that surfactin, iturin, and bacilysin lipopeptides were present. Following treatments with lipopeptide extract and bacterial suspension, A. rolfsii mycelia showed severe deformation and cell death, as seen by live dead staining by fluorescent microscopy and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). Finally, the upregulation of defense‐related genes CaPR1, CaPR2, and CaPR4 after bacterial treatment confirmed the induction of systemic resistance. In conclusion, this study shows how strain SS_CR10 might be useful for promoting plant growth in chilli and controlling A. rolfsii in an eco‐friendly way, which would protect the health of the soil.
The key contribution of OsGHD7 in controlling flowering time, grain yield, and abiotic stress tolerance in photoperiod‐insensitive rice
Authors: Mishra Manjari , Rathore Ray Singh , Bagri Jayram , Bahuguna Rajeev Nayan , Pareek Ashwani , Singla‐Pareek Sneh Lata 
Published: November 2024

AbstractDeveloping rice types with shorter life cycle without compromising yield is vital for sustainable agriculture, as it can significantly reduce water and fertilizer consumption while enabling early harvest. Despite recent advancements in identifying the genes associated with heading date, the intricate regulatory network governing this process remains largely unexplored. In rice, one such gene, GHD7 (QTL for grain‐heading‐date on chromosome 7), encodes a CCT (CONSTANS, CONSTANS‐LIKE and TIMING OF CAB1) domain protein and plays a pivotal role in regulating flowering time and associated developmental processes. To gain insight into the role of OsGHD7 in improving yield, we have overexpressed OsGHD7 in the widely cultivated and photoperiod‐insensitive rice variety IR64. This led to notable phenotypic changes in rice, including tiller number and grain number (66% increase), along with the promotion of early flowering (8–9 days preponement). Interestingly, these plants also exhibited enhanced tolerance to drought and salinity stress and showed better post‐stress recovery. This study emphasizes the potential of manipulating the multifaceted genetic determinants of key traits to optimize rice productivity under changing climate conditions.
The “benign prerogative”: Political theory and executive pardoning
Authors: Thelen Isabelle 
Published: November 2024

AbstractThis article examines pardon to develop a more holistic understanding of prerogative. Executive prerogative, the power to do what is necessary for the public good without the explicit sanction of the law and sometimes against it, is widely seen as an extraordinary power most relevant in times of crisis. Pardon, however, has been historically understood as an important example of prerogative. Even in times of political stability, pardon and therefore prerogative are nearly always needed to maintain rule of law because pardon preserves the reputation of the law. American political practice and political theory both indicate that pardon is less dangerous to rule of law than other forms of prerogative. My analysis of the pardon prerogative reveals that exercises of prerogative threaten to entirely displace rule of law only insofar as they can achieve something without rule of law that rule of law normally achieves.
Exercise Training Counteracts Compromised Mitochondrial Capacity Induced by Energy Restriction in Prediabetics in a Sex‐Dependent Manner
Authors: Mohr Magni , Aragón Vela Jerónimo , Skoradal May‐Britt , Thomassen Martin , Skriver Søren Andersen , Hansen Mette , Fatouros Ioannis G. , Krustrup Peter , Nordsborg Nikolai B. 
Published: November 2024

ABSTRACTThe objective of this randomized controlled trial was to examine if exercise training can counteract energy restriction‐induced impairment of mitochondrial capacity in skeletal muscle of 55–70‐years people with prediabetes and metabolic syndrome. The potential impact of sex was explored. Fifty sedentary men and women with prediabetes and metabolic syndrome (age: 61 ± 6 (±SD) years, BMI: 29.6 ± 4.7 kg·m−2, body fat content: 37.5% ± 8.2% and VO2max: 22.3 ± 5.7 mL·min−1·kg−1) were randomized to either exercise training and dietary advice (EX‐DI) or dietary advice only (DI). Dietary advice aimed to induce weight loss and improve glycemic control. Exercise consisted of 32 ± 2 mixed 30–60 min training sessions with recreational small‐sided soccer distributed across 16 weeks. Maximal activity and protein abundance of key regulatory mitochondrial enzymes were determined in m. vastus lateralis pre‐ and post‐intervention. Muscle glycogen content was also determined. Dietary advice only (DI), impaired (p < 0.001) citrate synthase (CS), and 3‐hydroxyacyl‐CoA dehydrogenase (HAD) maximal activity by 18% ± 43% and 23% ± 19%, respectively. When combined with exercise training, no dietary impairment of CS or HAD maximal activity was detectable. Superoxide dismutase 2 (SOD2) and CS protein expression also declined (p < 0.05) in DI and remained unchanged in EX‐DI. In terms of sex differences, a decrease in maximal CS activity in both EX‐DI and DI was observed exclusively in men (all p < 0.05). In conclusion, 16 weeks of exercise training counteracts energy restriction‐induced impairment in skeletal mitochondrial function in 55‐ to 70‐year‐old women and men with prediabetes and metabolic syndrome.
Clarifying the phylogeny and systematics of the recalcitrant tribe Leptocircini (Lepidoptera: Papilionidae) with whole‐genome data
Authors: Reboud Eliette L. , Nabholz Benoit , Chevalier Emmanuelle , Lafon Bérénice J. , Tilak Marie‐ka , Mielke Carlos G. C. , Cotton Adam M. , Condamine Fabien L. 
Published: November 2024

AbstractLeptocircini is a dazzling tribe of Papilionidae, including dragontails, kite swallowtails and swordtails. This tribe is widely distributed, notably throughout the tropics of Africa, Southeast Asia and the Americas, making it a fascinating model in evolutionary biology. However, despite accounting for 25% of the global swallowtail butterfly diversity, Leptocircini have been surprisingly neglected in phylogenetic analyses. This has left unanswered questions about their taxonomy and systematics. Here, we present a new taxonomic working list for Leptocircini, featuring 162 valid species. Using a combination of long and short reads data, we produced five new reference genomes, and we generated highly covered and scaffolded whole genomes for 148 individuals to infer densely sampled phylogenetic hypotheses. Based on mitochondrial or thousands of nuclear genes and multiple phylogenetic approaches, a robust phylogenomic tree is recovered, representing approximately 90% of the known species, which allowed examination of several key phylogenetic hypotheses. We found the monotypic genus Protographium Munroe to be sister of genus Graphium Scopoli. Additionally, we found that subgenus Paranticopsis Wood‐Mason and de Nicéville is nested within subgenus Pathysa Reakirt, which we found is likely attributed to an ancient gene flow. We therefore synonymize Paranticopsis, syn.rest. To keep a consistent approach to subgeneric classification across the tribe and family, we devided genus Eurytides Hübner into three subgenera: Mimoides Brown, Eurytides sensu stricto and Protesilaus Swainson. This led to several taxonomic implications: Asiographium Möhn, syn.rest., Boreographium Grishin, syn.n., Hyalaus Grishin, syn.n. and Neographium Möhn, syn.n. are synonymized with Eurytides (Mimoides); and Eurygraphium Möhn, syn.rest. is synonymized with Eurytides (Eurytides). Our analyses finally raised concerns about potential taxonomic inflation in two species‐groups within Graphium and Eurytides (Protesilaus). This study illuminates the clade's evolutionary history and paves the way for further research on this diverse group of charismatic butterflies.
Deceased Donor Infectious Diseases Testing and Antimicrobial Use: Surveys of Organ Procurement Organizations and Transplant Professionals
Authors: Pouch Stephanie M. , Anesi Judith A. , Pruett Timothy , Harmon Michael , Dionne Sara O. , Hasz Richard , La Hoz Ricardo M. , Wolfe Cameron , Ison Michael G. 
Published: November 2024

ABSTRACTBackgroundDonor screening and antimicrobial management processes are inconsistent across organ procurement organizations (OPOs) and transplant centers. As part of a Controversies Conference addressing the evaluation and management of infectious diseases (ID) in deceased donors sponsored by the American Society of Transplantation (AST), two online pre‐meeting surveys were developed to inform conference proceedings and assess current practices and opinions on donor screening and antimicrobial management.MethodsSurvey 1 addressed the current state of deceased donor ID testing, culture data communication, antimicrobial utilization, and involvement of transplant ID during donor management and was distributed to all 56 United States OPOs. Survey 2 evaluated transplant professionals’ opinions regarding donor antimicrobial use and was sent to the AST Infectious Disease, Kidney Pancreas, Liver and Intestinal, and Thoracic and Critical Care Community of Practice listservs. Descriptive statistics were performed.ResultsThirty‐five (63%) unique responses were received from OPOs for Survey 1. Findings included variability in the timing of donor culture collection, frequent sampling of indwelling catheters, wide variation in the location of culture processing, and availability of additional susceptibility testing. Eighty‐eight unique responses were received from approximately 1552 (6%) transplant providers for Survey 2. Of the respondents, 37% would not recommend standard antibiotics prior to organ recovery in the absence of suspected or confirmed infection.ConclusionsThese surveys demonstrate variability in donor testing, donor antimicrobial utilization, and transplant provider opinions regarding the need for and selection of antimicrobial agents. Findings highlight opportunities for standardized approaches to donor testing and management.
Experimental Study of the Real Gas Effects of CO2 on the Aerodynamic Performance Characteristics of a 1.5-Stage Axial Compressor
Authors: Kang Jeongseek , Vorobiev Alexander , Cameron Joshua D. , Morris Scott C. , Turner Mark G. , Sedlacko Kyle , Miller Jason D. , Held Timothy J. 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
The thermodynamic properties of CO2 do not obey the ideal gas law and the simplified equation of state. The enthalpy and sonic speed depend on both temperature and pressure whereas the enthalpy and the speed of sound of ideal gas, like atmospheric air, depend only on its temperature. These effects add additional complexity to the design and operation of CO2 compressors compared to compressors utilizing air as their working fluid. For example, if the compressor inlet pressure changes during operation, its flow Mach number changes due to the change of the sonic speed which is followed by the change of corrected speed and the performance. This paper focused on the experimental investigation of the performance parameters of a 1.5 stage axial compressor with CO2 gas. The design speed and the design pressure ratio of the compressor are 19,800 rpm and 1.41, respectively. The testing was completed using a 10 MW closed CO2 compressor test loop at the University of Notre Dame Turbomachinery Laboratory. The compressor performance was measured at various compressor inlet conditions to demonstrate the effectiveness of the generalized corrected speed and the corrected flow coefficient in the CO2 compressor performance. Additionally, it is shown that the Reynolds number is connected to other performance parameters through the sonic speed and a set of experimental data is presented with an attempt to separate the effect of the Reynolds number and the effect of the corrected speed on the compressor performance.
Image-Based Flashback Detection in a Hydrogen-Fired Gas Turbine Using a Convolutional Autoencoder
Authors: Porath Paul , Yadav Vikas , Panek Lukasz , Ghani Abdulla 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
Flame flashback (FB) is a major concern in hydrogen-fired gas turbines. In order to determine the flashback propensity of a hydrogen burner, several burner design tests at different operating points and fuel blends are performed under engine-relevant conditions at the test facility of Siemens Energy. A camera monitors the flame in the combustion chamber and the occurrence of flame flashback events in the image recordings becomes clearly visible. This anomalous behavior clearly deviates from normal hydrogen operation. We develop a data-driven approach to detect flame flashback events based on the camera images at 100% hydrogen operation, where all images feature identical characteristics since the pure hydrogen flame is not visible for the camera. Simultaneously, the highest susceptibility to flashback is attained in this regime. We use both facts and the good suitability of image data to train a convolutional auto-encoder (CAE) model to detect anomalies. Here, anomalies correspond to flashback events. Flashback is captured by the CAE using the reconstruction error associated with a dynamic threshold as a measure of anomaly. This newly developed dynamic threshold overcomes the difficulties in the generalization capability of the CAE. Regardless of the test campaign, burner design, and camera settings, it reliably identifies flashback events. Along with the CAE, the compressed representation, namely, the latent space of the CAE, detects the position of flame flashback events. Our methodology is able to detect flame flashback using only flame images and provides a reliable tool even when unseen data are used.
Design of Rolling Motion for Snake-Like Robots Using Center-of-Gravity Shift
Authors: Yamano Akio , Kimoto Tsuyoshi , Chiba Masakatsu 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
The snake-like robot can travel over environments that are difficult for wheeled mobility mechanisms. However, undulating locomotion requires high power consumption. We propose an efficient method that integrates the center-of-gravity (COG) shifting for the navigation of the robot to address the aforementioned problem. The proposed method allows the use of rolling motion with high traveling efficiency on level ground and undulating locomotion in water as well as other uneven surfaces. In this paper, we present a design method using the multi-objective genetic algorithm in terms of the traveling velocity of the robot, load, and energy consumption of the servomotor. The results of the motion design show that the COG shift motion mode was obtained as the optimal solution. It was observed that the COG shift motion with the designed parameters can achieve high traveling efficiency compared to that with conventional undulating locomotion by experiment.
Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease as a risk factor for cognitive impairment: a systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Chen Xia , Yu Zhenjie , Liu Yong , Zhao Yang , Li Shu , Wang Lan 
Published: November 2024

BackgroundCognitive impairment is affecting plenty of patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), and it is the main leading cause of quality of life to varying degrees. However, there are still wide discrepancies in these prevalence rates can be attributed to the diversity in study designs, participant age ranges, inclusion criteria and the methodologies used for assessment. Previous studies revealed the association between COPD and cognitive impairment, but the conclusions remain controversial.ObjectivesThe current systematic review aimed to investigate whether COPD is an independent risk factor for cognitive impairment.Study designA systematic review and meta-analysis.Data sourcesPubMed, Cochrane Library, MEDLINE, Embase, Web of Science, China Knowledge Resource Integrated Database, Wanfang Database, Chinese Biomedical Database and Weipu Database were searched from inception to 1 December 2022.Eligibility criteriaThe inclusion criteria involved studies that reported cognitive impairment in COPD. We just included cohort designs, published in English or Chinese language.Data extraction and synthesisTwo reviewers independently extracted and assessed the quality of data using Newcastle-Ottawa Quality Assessment Scale. The outcomes were assessed with random-effects model and reported as the HR with 95% CI using the Review Manager software.Results12 studies from 10 articles reporting on 625 644 people were included. The findings indicated that compared with those without COPD at baseline, patients with COPD were associated with an increased risk of cognitive impairment. Subgroup analysis showed the association was not significantly different in sex and age, and the subgroup supports that COPD has a higher risk of non-amnestic mild cognitive impairment (na-MCI) than amnestic MCI.ConclusionsPatients with COPD have a higher risk of developing cognitive impairment and are more likely to cause na-MCI compared with those without COPD, and this risk is not affected by gender or age. Therefore, continuous monitoring of cognitive function in COPD is critical.PROSPERO registration numberCRD42021285913.
Factors associated with undiagnosed COPD in patients hospitalised for severe COPD exacerbation
Authors: Guecamburu Marina , Klein Emilie , Verdy Guillaume , Nocent-Ejnaini Cécilia , Macey Julie , Portel Laurent , Grassion Léo , Soumagne Thibaud , Zysman Maéva 
Published: November 2024

BackgroundStudies suggest that up to 70% of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) cases globally are undiagnosed worldwide. Some of these undiagnosed patients may present with severe exacerbation and factors associated with underdiagnosis in this population are unknown. We investigated the key factors associated with underdiagnosis in two cohorts of patients hospitalised for severe COPD exacerbation at different time points.MethodsThis retrospective, multicentre study analysed data from patients hospitalised for COPD exacerbation at two independent centres during two distinct time periods: between 1 January 2017 and 31 December 2018 in the Aquitaine region and between 1 January and 31 December 2022 in Paris. Undiagnosed COPD was defined as the absence of pulmonary function testing before the index exacerbation. Multivariate logistic regression was used to evaluate associations between underdiagnosis and patient characteristics.ResultsAmong the 424 patients, 93 (21.9%) were undiagnosed before hospitalisation, with a stable rate over time (22% in 2017–2018 and 21% in 2022). Multivariate analysis revealed that underdiagnosis was related to higher forced expiratory volume in one second (FEV1; adjusted OR (aOR)=1.02, p=0.043) and female sex (aOR=1.91, p=0.015). Patients with undiagnosed COPD had significantly lower rehospitalisation and mortality rates. After the initial severe exacerbation, higher mortality was associated with a higher Charlson Comorbidity Index (HR=1.24, p=0.007) and older age (HR=1.05, p=0.008).ConclusionThis retrospective, multicentre study demonstrated that about 20% of patients admitted with severe exacerbation were undiagnosed for COPD. Higher FEV1and female sex were associated with underdiagnosis, emphasising the need for special attention to this population. These findings highlight the need to improve training and access to spirometry and develop new diagnostic tools that facilitate earlier detection and management of COPD.
Mass transfer estimation in gas–liquid systems through integration of hydrodynamic model and computer vision algorithms
Authors: Mikushin Pavel , Nizovtseva Irina , Starodumov Ilya , Makhaeva Ksenia , Vikharev Sergey , Lezhnin Sergey , Chernushkin Dmitrii 
Published: November 2024

AbstractA novel methodology for estimation of mass transfer in bubbly flows is investigated. The key advantage of the research is integration of the developed theoretical model of absorption based on Levich’s theory and computer vision techniques. This methodology demonstrates high accuracy in predicting mass transfer rates, which is verified by comparisons with empirical data from experimental jet stream fermenter. Using high-speed video recordings and advanced image processing algorithms, our approach overcomes the limitations of many direct methods for mass transfer measurement: offering real-time, dynamic estimation of mass transfer intensity, scale-up flexibility and low costs. The integration of computer vision with analytical modeling represents a significant advancement in the field of liquid–gas media estimation, paving the way for the development of more sophisticated and effective measurement tools. The proposed methods have high adaptability and can be useful to handle complex bubble dynamics both in industrial tasks and scientific research.
Effectiveness of Online Traditional Exercise Program on the Stress Level of Elderly
Authors: Jitdamrong Suwat , Jumpathong Kunlasatree , Nanglad Choladda , Ketkaeo Yadaporn , Malicum Dolrada , Taejarernwiriyakul Ormjai 
Published: November 2024

Objective: This quasi‐experimental research was to assess the effect of online traditional dance exercise program on stress among elderly in Nakhon Nayok province, Thailand.Methods: The elderly living in Nakhon Nayok province were recruited for the study. Multistage random sampling was employed to select participants. There is a total of 27 elderly people classified as experimental Group 15 people (received a 4‐week online traditional dance exercise program) and control Group 12 people. Exercise data collected by the SPST20, pre‐ and postintervention testing was used to measure stress. An independent t‐test analyses were performed to assess the effectiveness of program interventions.Results: After the program, there were statistically significant differences in mean scores of stress between the experimental and the control group. The level of stress of the elderly in the experimental group had decreased within and between groups after 4‐week (p value < 0.05).Conclusion: Effectiveness of online traditional dance exercise program on the stress level of the elderly. It can reduce stress levels in the elderly. It could be applied with elderly in the community healthcare setting.