bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
In vivo, regulated reconstitution of spindle checkpoint arrest and silencing through chemical-induced dimerisation
Authors: Amin Priya , Ní Chafraidh Sadhbh Soper , Leontiou Ioanna , Hardwick Kevin G. 
Published: September 2018

AbstractChemical-induced dimerisation (CID) uses small molecules to control specific protein-protein interactions. Here, we employ CID dependent on the plant hormone abscisic acid (ABA) to reconstitute spindle checkpoint signalling in fission yeast. The spindle checkpoint signal usually originates at unattached or inappropriately attached kinetochores. These are complex, multi-protein structures with several important functions. To bypass kinetochore complexity, we take a reductionist approach to study checkpoint signalling. We generate a synthetic checkpoint arrest ectopically by inducing hetero-dimerisation of the checkpoint proteins Mph1Mps1and Spc7KNL1. These proteins are engineered such that they can’t localise to kinetochores, and only form a complex in the presence of ABA. Using this novel assay we are able to checkpoint arrest a synchronous population of cells within 30 minutes of ABA addition. This assay allows for detailed genetic dissection of checkpoint activation and importantly it also provides a valuable tool for studying checkpoint silencing. To analyse silencing of the checkpoint and the ensuing mitotic exit, we simply wash-out the ABA from arrested cells. We show here that silencing is critically-dependent on PP1Dis2recruitment to Mph1Mps1-Spc7KNL1signalling platforms.
Scalable tagging of endogenous genes by homology-independent intron targeting
Authors: Serebrenik Yevgeniy V , Sansbury Stephanie E , Kumar Saranya Santhosh , Henao-Mejia Jorge , Shalem Ophir 
Published: September 2018

AbstractGenome editing tools have simplified the generation of knock-in gene fusions, yet the requirement for gene-specific homology directed repair (HDR) templates still hinders the scalability of most approaches. Here, we combine intron-based protein trapping with homology independent repair-based editing and demonstrate precise and efficient gene tagging that can be easily scaled due to use of a generic donor. As editing is done in introns, this approach tolerates mutations in the unedited allele, disruptive indels, and allows for flexible donor and sgRNA design.
“Degradation of the extracellular matrix is part of the pathology of ulcerative colitis”
Authors: Kirov Stefan , Sasson Ariella , Zhang Clarence , Chasalow Scott , Dongre Ashok , Steen Hanno , Stensballe Allan , Andersen Vibeke , Birkelund Svend , Bennike Tue Bjerg 
Published: September 2018

AbstractThe scientific value of re-analyzing existing datasets is often proportional to the complexity of the data. Proteomics data are inherently complex and can be analyzed at many levels, including proteins, peptides, and post-translational modifications to verify and/or develop new hypotheses. In this paper, we present our re-analysis of a previously published study comparing colon biopsy samples from ulcerative colitis (UC) patients to non-affected controls. In addition to confirming and reinforcing the original finding of upregulation of neutrophil extracellular traps (NETs), we report novel findings, including that Extracellular Matrix (ECM) degradation and neutrophil maturation are involved in the pathology of UC. The pharmaceutically most relevant differential protein expressions were confirmed using immunohistochemistry as an orthogonal method. As part of this study, we also compared proteomics data to previously published mRNA expression data. These comparisons indicated compensatory regulation at transcription levels of the ECM proteins we identified and open possible new venues for drug discovery.
Automated high-throughput high-content autophagy and mitophagy analysis platform
Authors: Arias-Fuenzalida Jonathan , Jarazo Javier , Walter Jonas , Gomez-Giro Gemma , Forster Julia I. , Antony Paul M.A. , Krueger Rejko , Schwamborn Jens C. 
Published: September 2018

AbstractAutophagy and mitophagy play a central role in cellular homeostasis. In pathological conditions, the flow of autophagy and mitophagy can be affected at multiple and distinct steps of the pathways. Unfortunately, the level of detail of current state of the art analyses does not allow detection or dissection of pathway intermediates. Moreover, is conducted in low-throughput manner on bulk cell populations. Defining autophagy and mitophagy pathway intermediates in a high-throughput manner is technologically challenging, and has not been addressed so far. Here, we overcome those limitations and developed a novel high-throughput phenotyping platform with automated high-content image analysis to assess autophagy and mitophagy pathway intermediates.
Nuclear envelope budding is a response to cellular stress
Authors: Panagaki Dimitra , Croft Jacob T. , Keuenhof Katharina , Larsson-Berglund Lisa , Andersson Stefanie , Kohler Verena , Büttner Sabrina , Tamás Markus J. , Nyström Thomas , Neutze Richard , Höög Johanna L. 
Published: September 2018

AbstractNuclear envelope budding (NEB) is a recently discovered alternative pathway for nucleocytoplasmic communication distinct from the movement of material through the nuclear pore complex. Through quantitative electron microscopy and tomography, we demonstrate how NEB is evolutionarily conserved from early protists to human cells. In the yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae, NEB events occur with higher frequency during heat shock, upon exposure to arsenite or hydrogen peroxide, and when the proteasome is inhibited. Yeast cells treated with azetidine-2-carboxylic acid, a proline analogue that induces protein misfolding, display the most dramatic increase in NEB, suggesting a causal link to protein quality control. This link was further supported by both localization of ubiquitin and Hsp104 to protein aggregates and NEB events, and the evolution of these structures during heat shock. We hypothesize that NEB is part of normal cellular physiology in a vast range of species and that in S. cerevisiae NEB comprises a stress response aiding the transport of protein aggregates across the nuclear envelope.Significance StatementA defining feature of eukaryotes is the nuclear envelope, a double lipid bilayer that serves to isolate and protect the cells genetic material. Transport of large molecules over this barrier is believed to occur almost exclusively via the nuclear pores. However, herpes virions and mega ribonucleoproteins (megaRNPs) use an alternative means of transport – via nuclear envelope budding (NEB). Here, we show NEB is a ubiquitous eukaryotic phenomenon and increases when exposed to various forms of cellular stress. NEB frequency was maximal when the cell was challenged with a drug that induces protein misfolding, indicating this transport pathway plays a role in protein quality control. These results imply that NEB is an underappreciated yet potentiallyfundamental means of nuclear transport.
Evaluation of management of snake bites in a teaching hospital in Northern Ghana- a retrospective descriptive study
Authors: Yakubu Abdul-Subulr , Abdul-Mumin Alhassan , Rivera Odalys 
Published: September 2018

ABSTRACTBACKGROUNDSnakebite is a public health problem afflicting mainly rural farmers. We seek to examine the profile and management of snakebite cases presenting to the Tamale Teaching Hospital of Ghana over a 30-month period.METHODSOne hundred and ninety-two cases of snakebites presenting to the Tamale Teaching Hospital over a 30-month period from January 2016 to June 2018 were retrospectively analyzed. Information about the clinical manifestation of the snakebites, treatment instituted as well as the outcome was extracted from patient folders for the analysis.RESULTSOut of the 192 cases of snakebite, 131 (68.2%) occurred in males. The mean age of the victims was 26.5 years. The major patterns of envenomation were coagulopathy (84.9%) and local swelling/pain (82.8%). The causative snake species was identified in only 11.5% of cases, all of which were vipers. Antivenom was administered in 94.8% of the victims and the average amount administered was 84.64 milliliters (approximately 8 vials). Reaction to antivenoms was observed in 13.5% of cases, comprising mostly minor reactions. Antibiotics were utilized in 99.5% of cases with more than half receiving more than one type of antibiotic. Steroids use was common (62%) whilst 22.9% received antifibrinolytics despite the absence of evidence supporting their use in snakebite.CONCLUSIONSnakebite is an occupational health hazard of mainly rural farmers. The unwarranted use of non-beneficial medications is still rife. In addition to ensuring the continuous availability of effective antivenoms, there is the need for the development and adherence to protocols that take into consideration the prevailing local conditions.AUTHOR SUMMARYSnakebite affects mainly rural farmers and is a disease of poverty. Unreliable epidemiological data in developing countries like Ghana makes ascertaining the true extent of snakebite difficult. We have examined the presentation and clinical management of snakebite cases presenting to the Tamale Teaching Hospital of Ghana which serves a mainly rural population. The Carpet Viper, which produces a syndrome of local swelling and bleeding, is implicated in most snakebites in this region. A variety of non-evidenced-based interventions are employed by medical personnel in managing snakebite victims underscoring the need to have written contextually appropriate protocols for snakebite management. Public education is also needed to minimize the delays in seeking healthcare following a snakebite whilst efforts at ensuring the continuous availability of effective antivenoms must be intensified.
What economics education is missing: the real world
Authors: Pühringer Stephan , Bäuerle Lukas 
Published: September 2018

PurposeThe global financial crisis led to increasing distrust in economic research and the economics profession, in the process of which the current state of economics and economic education in particular were heavily criticized. Against this background, the purpose of this paper is to conduct a study with undergraduate students of economics in order to capture their view of economic education.Design/methodology/approachThe paper is based on the documentary method, a qualitative empirical method, which combines maximum openness with regard to the collection of empirical material coupled with maximum rigor in analysis.FindingsThe empirical findings show that students enter economics curricula with epistemic, practical or moral/political motivations for understanding and dealing with real-world problems but end up remarkably disappointed after going through the mathematical and methods-orientated introductory courses. The findings further indicate that students develop strategies to cope with their disappointment – all of them relating to their original motivation. The theoretical contextualization of the empirical findings is based on the psychological concept of cognitive dissonance.Social implicationsA socially and politically responsible economic education, however, should provide students guidance in understanding current and prospective economic challenges, thereby enabling them to become informed and engaged citizens. Therefore, it is essential that the students’ criticism of the current state of economic education be taken seriously and BA programs reformed accordingly.Originality/valueThe originality of this paper lies in the application of a qualitative methodology and explicit focus on the student perspective on economics education. The study provides empirical evidence for a lack of real-world orientation in economics education.
The seasonality of gold prices in China does the risk‐aversion level matter?
Authors: Hoang Thi Hong Van , Zhu Zhenzhen , Xiao Bing , Wong Wing‐Keung 
Published: September 2018

AbstractThis article aims to investigate the seasonality of gold prices at the Shanghai Gold Exchange over the 2002–2016 period. Our contributions rely in the distinction between risk‐averse and risk‐seeking investors regarding their investment strategies. The results show the existence of positive Monday and January effects. However, the Monday effect is more suitable to risk‐seeking investors while the January effect is more suitable to risk‐averse investors in bearish periods only. A robustness check shows that the Monday effect does not hold on gold futures prices. These results indicate the importance to consider the risk‐aversion level of investors in seasonal investment strategies.
Production system innovation to ensure raw milk safety in small holder economies: the case of dairy complex in China
Authors: Yu Hailong , Wang H. Holly , Li Binglong 
Published: September 2018

AbstractFood safety becomes an important issue in fast developing economies when a large growing market is supplied by many small producers through a prolonged supply chain. China is facing such a serious problem with its growing dairy market seeing serious food safety scandals. In this article, we examine a new organizational structure recently promoted by Chinese government, dairy complex, and its effects on farmers’ behaviors related to safe production and the effectiveness of such behavior on the raw milk safety, using a joint production function under risk theoretical framework. Results show that farmers’ production practices such as basic production environment and hygienic condition, disease prevention, and source and use of feed all contribute to the food safety of raw milk. Complex is an important factor contributing to farmers’ adoption of such safety production practices, together with the supervision by government, production scale, contracts with processors, and price of raw milk. We, thus, found that dairy complex as an organization structure can influence the safety of raw milk indirectly through its impacts on farmers’ production behaviors. Another important finding is that unsafe milk is a result of uncertainty when less strict production practice is used by risk lover producers, and the complexes work well for such farmers by pushing them to take more conservative safety measurements. This innovative production system can be a good measure for developing economies with similar small producer problems.
Self‐Control, Plan Quality, and Digital Delivery of Action Planning for Condom and Contraceptive Pill Use of 14–24‐Year‐Olds: Findings from a Clinic‐Based Online Pilot Randomised Controlled Trial
Authors: Brown Katherine E. , Beasley Kerrie , Das Satyajit 
Published: September 2018

BackgroundInconsistent use of the contraceptive pill and condoms contributes significantly to poor sexual health outcomes for young people. There is evidence that action planning interventions may improve pill and condom use, but this approach is not systematically used in sexual healthcare. This study is the first to assess acceptability and feasibility of evaluating a digital intervention to support action plan formation for three sexual health behaviours with clinic attendees. It also considered the role of trait self‐control and whether the intervention supported production of quality plans.MethodsEighty‐eight integrated sexual health clinic attendees aged 14–24 years (M = 20.27 years) were recruited to a pilot randomised controlled trial (RCT). Of these, 67 also completed three‐month follow‐up. Measures included self‐reported contraceptive or condom “mishaps”, theory of planned behaviour variables, and a measure of self‐control.ResultsDescriptive analyses supported study acceptability and feasibility. The intervention supported pill and condom users to produce quality plans, though potential improvements were identified. Bivariate correlations suggested that high levels of trait self‐control may negatively influence plan quality. Data suggest that the intervention may reduce pill or condom “mishaps”.ConclusionsA future full RCT is likely feasible and brief digital action planning interventions may usefully be incorporated within sexual healthcare.
Relationship between parent involvement and academic achievement through metacognitive strategies: A multiple multilevel mediation analysis
Authors: Veas Alejandro , Castejón Juan‐Luis , Miñano Pablo , Gilar‐Corbí Raquel 
Published: September 2018

BackgroundDifferent studies reveal an association between parent involvement, metacognition, and academic achievement; however, the majority analyse the developmental process of acquisition in experimental or quasi‐experimental designs with students enrolled in child education. Adolescence is an important stage in personal and academic development. Given the complexity of learning, and according to the metacognitive and affective model of self‐regulated learning (Efklides, 2011, Educational Psychologist, 46, 6), different types of metacognitive processes are relevant for the optimal development of individuals in academic contexts. At the same time, individuals need stimuli from the environment, based on observation of their own and other's behaviour, as well as through communication and interaction with others.AimThe present study examined the relations among parent involvement, metacognitive strategies, and academic achievement to investigate the mediational role of metacognition in the relation between parent involvement and academic achievement.SampleThe participants were 1,398 high school students from Spain (47% female, M = 12. 5 years).MethodMultiple multilevel mediation analyses with Monte Carlo confidence intervals were used for measuring within‐subjects effects at the student level and between‐subjects effects at the class level. Parent involvement (perception of support, organization, and interest in the educational process; expectations; school relationship; time of support with homework) and metacognition were measured by questionnaires, whereas academic achievement was assessed using the end‐of‐term grades obtained by students for nine subjects.ResultsFirst, there was a significant direct effect of most parent involvement constructs on the mediational and dependent variables at both the within and between levels. Expectations had the highest predictive power on academic achievement. On the other hand, metacognitive strategies were an important mediator for all parent involvement constructs at both levels of analysis.ConclusionsThese results highlight the importance of metacognition during early adolescence and suggest that parent involvement is crucial for the future development of educational models.
CD13 expression in B cell malignancies is a hallmark of plasmacytic differentiation
Authors: Raimbault Anna , Machherndl‐Spandl Sigrid , Itzykson Raphaël , Clauser Sylvain , Chapuis Nicolas , Mathis Stéphanie , Lauf Jeroen , Alary Anne‐Sophie , Burroni Barbara , Kosmider Olivier , Fontenay Michaela , Béné Marie C. , Durrieu Françoise , Bettelheim Peter , Bardet Valérie 
Published: September 2018

SummaryThe diagnosis of Waldenström Macroglobulinaemia (WM)/lymphoplasmacytic lymphoma (LPL) remains one of exclusion because other B‐cell lymphoproliferative disorders (B‐LPD), such as marginal zone lymphoma (MZL), can fulfil similar criteria, including MYD88 L265P mutation. It has been suggested that expression of the myeloid marker CD13 (also termed ANPEP) is more frequent in LPL than in other B‐LPD and has also been described on normal and malignant plasma cells. Here, CD13 expression was tested in a cohort of 1037 B‐LPD patients from 3 centres by flow cytometry. The percentage of CD13‐expressing cells was found to be variable among B‐LPD but significantly higher in WM/LPL (median 31% vs. 0% in non‐WM/LPL, P < 0·001). In multivariate linear regression, CD13 expression remained significantly associated with a diagnosis of WM/LPL (P < 0·001). A cut‐off value of 2% of CD19+ cells co‐expressing CD13 yielded the best diagnostic performance for WM/LPL assertion. This was further improved by association with the presence or absence of IgM paraprotein. Finally, given that previously published transcriptomic data revealed no difference in CD13 (also termed ANPEP) mRNA between normal and pathological B‐cells, the hypothesis of some post‐transcriptional regulation must be favoured. These results suggest that testing for CD13 expression in routine flow cytometry panels could help to discriminate WM/LPL from other B‐LPD.
Positive reactions to gold sodium thiosulfate in patch test panels (TRUE Test) in Japan: A multicentre study
Authors: Suzuki Kayoko , Yagami Akiko , Ito Akiko , Kato Atsuko , Miyazawa Hitoshi , Kanto Hiromi , Matsunaga Kayoko 
Published: September 2018

BackgroundThe proportion of positive test results with gold sodium thiosulfate included in a patch test panel (P‐GST) had been found to be greater than that with gold sodium thiosulfate 0.5% pet. by allergEAZE (A‐GST).ObjectivesTo compare positive reactions to P‐GST and A‐GST, and to evaluate late reactions after the day (D) 7 reading.MethodsA retrospective analysis was performed of 588 patients at participating departments (119 males; 469 females) who were patch tested with P‐GST and A‐GST in May 2015 to March 2016.ResultsPositive test reactions to P‐GST and A‐GST were observed in 15% and 6% of patients, respectively. Three patients reported a positive reaction occurring after the D7 reading.ConclusionsGold sodium thiosulfate often gives a positive reaction after 2 to 3 weeks, and, in such cases, the positive reaction may be sustained, so it is recommended to assess the reaction for up to 1 month after application.
Human papillomavirus infection and colorectal cancer in the Chinese population: a meta‐analysis
Authors: Zhang X.‐h. , Wang W. , Wang Y.‐q. , Jia D.‐f. , Zhu L. 
Published: September 2018

AbstractAimHuman papillomavirus (HPV) infection has been reported in colorectal cancer in many studies. We conducted a meta‐analysis to assess the association between HPV infection and colorectal cancer/adenomas in the Chinese population.MethodRelevant studies up to January 2018 were searched in PubMed, EMBASE, China National Knowledge Infrastructure and the Wanfang database. We used a random effects model to determine the prevalence of HPV and odds ratios (ORs) with 95% confidence intervals (CIs). The I2 statistic and P‐value from the Cochrane Q‐test were used to describe the heterogeneity.ResultsTen case–control studies involving 766 colorectal cancer patients and 470 controls were included in the meta‐analysis. Among the colorectal cancer patients, the pooled prevalence was 0.45 (95% CI 0.36–0.53). The pooled estimate for OR was 10.78 (95% CI 4.22, 27.53). Among the 193 patients with colorectal adenoma, the pooled prevalence and OR were 0.31 (95% CI 0.24–0.37) and 2.03 (95% CI 0.79, 5.26), respectively. The prevalence of HPV 16 and HPV 18 among HPV‐positive cancers ranged from 57.9% to 100% and 0% to 39.7%, respectively.ConclusionThe results indicated that HPV infection, especially HPV 16 and HPV 18, is associated with colorectal cancer in the Chinese population.