bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Influence of surgical guide support and implant site location on accuracy of static Computer‐Assisted Implant Surgery
Authors: El Kholy Karim , Lazarin Rafael , Janner Simone F. M. , Faerber Karin , Buser Ramona , Buser Daniel 
Published: August 2019

AbstractObjectiveTo investigate the effect of surgical guide support and implant site location on the accuracy of static Computer‐Assisted Implant Surgery (sCAIS) in partially edentulous patients.Materials and Methods375 replica implants were inserted in 85 study models. Surgical implant placement was done using static 3D printed surgical guides, which were designed to be supported either by all the teeth present in the model (full arch), or by 4‐teeth), 3‐teeth or 2‐teeth. Each study model included three single‐tooth gap (STG) situations; one extraction socket site and two implants placed in a distal extension situation. Preplanned and postoperative implant positions were compared using the treatment‐evaluation tool in digital software. 3‐dimensional and angular deviations were measured. Statistical analysis was done using ANOVA, and pairwise t tests and Bonferroni‐Holm's adjustment were applied as a post hoc test.ResultsAccuracy of surgical guides used in sCAIS was significantly affected by the number and type of teeth used for its support. Guides supported by 4 teeth were not significantly different from accuracy of full‐arch‐supported guides (p > .05). Guide support by posterior teeth was associated with an increased level of accuracy, when compared to anterior teeth guide support. Implants placed in extraction sockets were associated with significantly higher 3D and angular deviation values (p < .05), and surgical guides with a distal extension situation resulted in significantly higher deviation values (p < .05).ConclusionThe number and location of teeth supporting the surgical guide can significantly influence the accuracy of sCAIS, with 4 teeth providing equal accuracy to full‐arch guides in (STG) situations.
Cognitive Offloading: Structuring the Environment to Improve Children's Working Memory Task Performance
Authors: Berry Ed D. J. , Allen Richard J. , Mon‐Williams Mark , Waterman Amanda H. 
Published: August 2019

AbstractResearch has shown that adults can engage in cognitive offloading, whereby internal processes are offloaded onto the environment to help task performance. Here, we investigate an application of this approach with children, in particular children with poor working memory. Participants were required to remember and recall sequences of colors by placing colored blocks in the correct serial order. In one condition the blocks were arranged to facilitate cognitive offloading (i.e., grouped by color), whereas in the other condition they were arranged randomly. Across two experiments (total N = 166) the ordered condition improved task performance for children with low working memory ability. In addition, participants in Experiment 2 rated the difficulty of the two arrangements and performed a further condition in which they were given an opportunity to freely arrange the blocks before completing the task. Despite performing better in the ordered condition, children with low working memory ability did not rate the ordered arrangement as easier, nor did they choose an ordered arrangement when given the opportunity to do so. This research shows that cognitive offloading can also be a useful process in populations other than typical adults, and the implications of this work for supporting children with poor working memory are discussed.
The Impact of Stimuli Color in Lexical Decision and Semantic Word Categorization Tasks
Authors: Garrido Margarida V. , Prada Marília , Simão Cláudia , Semin Gün R. 
Published: August 2019

AbstractIn two experiments, we examined the impact of color on cognitive performance by asking participants to categorize stimuli presented in three different colors: red, green, and gray (baseline). Participants were either asked to categorize the meaning of words as related to the concepts of “go” or “stop” (Experiment 1) or to indicate if a neutral verbal stimulus was a word or not (lexical decision task, Experiment 2). Overall, we observed performance facilitation in response to go stimuli presented in green (vs. red or gray) and performance inhibition in response to go stimuli presented in red. The opposite pattern was observed for stop‐related stimuli. Importantly, results also indicated that color might also be used to categorize neutral stimuli. Overall, these findings provide support to the green‐go and red‐stop color associations and test the potential functional autonomy acquired by these colors and the boundary conditions to their effects on stimuli categorization.
Exosomes derived from miR‐375‐overexpressing human adipose mesenchymal stem cells promote bone regeneration
Authors: Chen Si , Tang Yiman , Liu Yunsong , Zhang Ping , Lv Longwei , Zhang Xiao , Jia Lingfei , Zhou Yongsheng 
Published: August 2019

AbstractObjectivesThe present study aimed to investigate whether exosomes derived from miR‐375‐overexpressing human adipose mesenchymal stem cells (hASCs) could enhance bone regeneration.Materials and MethodsExosomes enriched with miR‐375 (Exo [miR‐375]) were generated from hASCs stably overexpressing miR‐375 after lentiviral transfection and identified with transmission electron microscopy, nanosight and western blotting. The construction efficiency of Exo (miR‐375) was evaluated with qRT‐PCR and incubated with human bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (hBMSCs) to optimize the effective dosage. Then, the osteogenic capability of Exo (miR‐375) was investigated with ALP and ARS assays. Furthermore, dual‐luciferase reporter assay and western blotting were conducted to reveal the underlying mechanism of miR‐375 in osteogenic regulation. Finally, Exo (miR‐375) were embedded with hydrogel and applied to a rat model of calvarial defect, and μ‐CT analysis and histological examination were conducted to evaluate the therapeutic effects of Exo (miR‐375) in bone regeneration.ResultsmiR‐375 could be enriched in exosomes by overexpressing in the parent cells. Administration of Exo (miR‐375) at 50 μg/mL improved the osteogenic differentiation of hBMSCs. With miR‐375 absorbed by hBMSCs, insulin‐like growth factor binding protein 3 (IGFBP3) was inhibited by binding to its 3′UTR, and recombinant IGFBP3 protein reduced the osteogenic effects triggered by Exo (miR‐375). After incorporated with hydrogel, Exo (miR‐375) displayed a slow and controlled release, and further in vivo analysis demonstrated that Exo (miR‐375) enhanced the bone regenerative capacity in a rat model of calvarial defect.ConclusionsTaken together, our study demonstrated that exosomes derived from miR‐375‐overexpressing hASCs promoted bone regeneration.
Should a homeless person become a deceased organ donor?
Authors: Lee William G. , Wong Linda L. , Olivas Roderick , Apana Ailea , Kickertz Katharine , Ogihara Makoto 
Published: August 2019

AbstractEfforts to increase deceased donation have included the use of US Public Health Service (PHS) high‐risk donors. The homeless have high rates of medical and substance abuse issues that are often unrecognized. This study investigates whether the homeless should become suitable organ donors. We retrospectively reviewed 193 brain‐dead prospective donors from Hawaii's organ procurement organization (OPO; 2013‐2018) and compared two groups: homeless (n = 13) and non‐homeless (n = 180) prospective donors. The homeless prospective donors were older (48.0 vs 40.7 years, P = .009) and had more substance abuse (30.8% vs 10%, P = .046), methamphetamine use (53.8% vs 12.2%, P = .001), cocaine use (23.1% vs 3.9%, P = .022), and urine with amphetamines (54.5% vs 17.9%, P = .049). The homeless prospective donors trended toward more PHS high‐risk designation (50% vs 19%, P = .062). There was no difference in medical history, gender/race, hepatitis serologies, authorization for donation, and organs procured/transplanted between prospective donors. We have provided evidence that the homeless should become prospective organ donors; however, they have more high‐risk behaviors and often have limited information. Larger studies from OPOs are needed to better characterize organ donation and track disease transmission in this population.
Spatial scaling of population synchrony in marine fish depends on their life history
Authors: Marquez Jonatan F. , Lee Aline Magdalena , Aanes Sondre , Engen Steinar , Herfindal Ivar , Salthaug Are , Sæther Bernt‐Erik 
Published: August 2019

AbstractThe synchrony of population dynamics in space has important implications for ecological processes, for example affecting the spread of diseases, spatial distributions and risk of extinction. Here, we studied the relationship between spatial scaling in population dynamics and species position along the slow‐fast continuum of life history variation. Specifically, we explored how generation time, growth rate and mortality rate predicted the spatial scaling of abundance and yearly changes in abundance of eight marine fish species. Our results show that population dynamics of species' with ‘slow’ life histories are synchronised over greater distances than those of species with ‘fast’ life histories. These findings provide evidence for a relationship between the position of the species along the life history continuum and population dynamics in space, showing that the spatial distribution of abundance may be related to life history characteristics.
Extracellular matrix: key structural and functional meshwork in health and disease
Authors: Karamanos Nikos K. 
Published: August 2019

The extracellular matrix (ECM) is a multifunctional 3D network of interconnected macromolecules that mediate cellular responses in normal and pathological conditions, including wound healing, tissue homeostasis, skeletal and cardiovascular disease, cancer and drug resistance. The potential of targeting ECM components, such as proteoglycans and glycosaminoglycans, matrix‐degrading enzymes and miRNAs will serve as a novel tool for innovative diagnostic methods and therapeutic strategies. With this Special Issue on Extracellular Matrix in Health and Disease, The FEBS Journal offers an updated overview of the functional properties and biological roles of several ECM components, highlighting the significance of ECM targeting in disease management.
Consequences of consumer origin and omnivory on stability in experimental food web modules
Authors: Granados Monica , Pagnucco Katie S. , Ricciardi Anthony 
Published: August 2019

Abstract

Food web stability, a fundamental characteristic of ecosystems, is influenced by the nature and strength of species interactions. Theory posits that food webs are stabilised by omnivory and disrupted by novel consumers.

To test the effects of secondary consumer origin and trophic level on basal resource stability, we constructed crayfish–snail–algae modules using four congeneric species of crayfish (Faxonius spp.), two from native populations (Faxonius propinquus and Faxonius virilis) and two from non‐native populations (Faxonius limosus and Faxonius rusticus). We performed surgical manipulations of crayfish feeding structures to create omnivore food web and predator food chain modules. We compared the temporal stability of these modules using measures of the coefficient of variation of the basal resource (benthic algae).

Consistent with theoretical and empirical predictions, food web modules with omnivory had the lowest coefficient of variation. However, contrary to prediction, we did not find consistently higher coefficients of variation in modules with non‐native species. Rather, across species, we found the lowest coefficient of variation in modules with one of the non‐native species (F. rusticus) and one native species (F. virilis), owing to stronger interactions between these crayfish species and their snail and algal food resources.

The results suggest that omnivory is indeed stabilising and that very weak interactions or very low attack rates of the consumer on the basal resource can be unstable. Thus, we demonstrate that omnivores may have different impacts than predators when introduced into a novel ecosystem, differences that can supersede the effect of species identity.
Genetic background modifies CNS‐mediated sensorimotor decline in the AD‐BXD mouse model of genetic diversity in Alzheimer's disease
Authors: O'Connell Kristen M. S. , Ouellette Andrew R. , Neuner Sarah M. , Dunn Amy R. , Kaczorowski Catherine C. 
Published: August 2019

AbstractMany patients with Alzheimer's dementia (AD) also exhibit noncognitive symptoms such as sensorimotor deficits, which can precede the hallmark cognitive deficits and significantly impact daily activities and an individual's ability to live independently. However, the mechanisms underlying sensorimotor dysfunction in AD and their relationship with cognitive decline remains poorly understood, due in part to a lack of translationally relevant animal models. To address this, we recently developed a novel model of genetic diversity in Alzheimer's disease, the AD‐BXD genetic reference panel. In this study, we investigated sensorimotor deficits in the AD‐BXDs and the relationship to cognitive decline in these mice. We found that age‐ and AD‐related declines in coordination, balance and vestibular function vary significantly across the panel, indicating genetic background strongly influences the expressivity of the familial AD mutations used in the AD‐BXD panel and their impact on motor function. Although young males and females perform comparably regardless of genotype on narrow beam and inclined screen tasks, there were significant sex differences in aging‐ and AD‐related decline, with females exhibiting worse decline than males of the same age and transgene status. Finally, we found that AD motor decline is not correlated with cognitive decline, suggesting that sensorimotor deficits in AD may occur through distinct mechanisms. Overall, our results suggest that AD‐related sensorimotor decline is strongly dependent on background genetics and is independent of dementia and cognitive deficits, suggesting that effective therapeutics for the entire spectrum of AD symptoms will likely require interventions targeting each distinct domain involved in the disease.
Intracranial cellular schwannomas: a clinicopathological study of 20 cases
Authors: D'Almeida Costa Felipe , Dias Tiago M , Lombardo Kara A , Raghunathan Aditya , Giannini Caterina , Kenyon Lawrence , Saad Ali G , Gokden Murat , Burger Peter C , Montgomery Elizabeth A , Rodriguez Fausto J 
Published: August 2019

AimsCellular schwannoma is a specific subtype of schwannoma, prone to misinterpretation as a malignant neoplasm. Involvement of the intracranial compartment by these tumours is extremely rare. We aim to characterise this clinicopathological subgroup.Methods and resultsWe identified a total of 20 cellular schwannomas with predominant intracranial involvement. The mean age of the patients at the time of surgery was 37 years (range = 16–81), with a slight female predominance (1.5:1 ratio). The most common sites were the eighth (n = 8) and fifth (n = 6) cranial nerves. Three tumours involved the anterior cranial fossa/olfactory groove, and a single case involved the glossopharyngeal nerve. All tumours met established criteria for cellular schwannoma, and were composed of interlacing fascicles of spindle cells lacking Verocay bodies with minimal Antoni B pattern and variable chronic inflammation and foamy histiocytes. Rare findings included haemosiderin deposition (n = 6), necrosis (n = 4), brisk mitotic activity (>10 mitoses per 10 high‐power fields) (n = 2), focal epithelioid morphology (n = 2), myxoid areas (n = 2), neuroblastoma‐like pattern (n = 1) and granular cells (n = 1). Immunohistochemical stains demonstrated expression of Schwann cell markers (S100 protein, SOX10, collagen IV) and preserved H3 K27 trimethylation in all cases tested. Fourteen patients had postoperative follow‐up, ranging from 2 months to 21 years (mean = 66 months). In patients with follow‐up, local recurrence/persistence developed in six cases; five tumours were initially incompletely resected. No metastatic disease or deaths were reported.ConclusionsIntracranial cellular schwannomas share morphological and immunophenotypical features with cellular schwannomas at others sites may demonstrate locally aggressive growth but appear to lack metastatic potential.
Bioactive compounds sourced from Terminalia spp. in bacterial malodour prevention: an effective alternative to chemical additives
Authors: Cock I.E. , Wright M.H. , Matthews B. , White A. 
Published: August 2019

AbstractObjectiveRecently, our group reported that extracts prepared from the Australian native plant Terminalia ferdinandiana Exell. are potent inhibitors of the growth malodorous bacteria with similar efficacy to triclosan and through these results, we highlighted a potential biological alternative to the current chemical additives. Other members of the genus Terminalia are also well documented for their antibacterial potential and tannin contents and thus were investigated as potential deodorant additives.MethodsSolvent extractions prepared from of selected Indian, Australian and South African Terminalia spp. were screened by disc diffusion and liquid dilution assays against C. jeikeium, S. epidermidis, P. acnes and B. linens. The antibacterial activity was quantified by liquid dilution MIC assays. The extracts were screened for toxicity using Atremia franciscana nauplii and HDF cell viability bioassays. High‐resolution time‐of‐flight (TOF) LC‐MS and GC‐MS headspace fingerprint analysis was used to detect tannin, flavonoid and terpenoid components in the extracts.ResultsBacterial growth inhibition was observed in all Terminalia extracts with the methanolic T. chebula, T. carpenteriae and T. sericea extracts the most promising bacterial growth inhibitors, yielding MIC values as low as 200 µg mL−1. Toxicity analyses of the extracts were favourable, and we determined that the methanolic T. chebula, T. carpenteriae and T. sericea extracts were all non‐toxic. Using previously detected T. ferdinandiana antimicrobials as benchmarks, LC‐MS and GC‐MS fingerprint analyses revealed similar compounds in the methanolic T. chebula, T. carpenteriae and T. sericea extracts.ConclusionThrough these results, we propose that Terminalia spp. extracts may be useful deodorant additives to inhibit the growth of axillary and plantar malodorous bacteria, offering a biological alternative to their chemically synthesized counterparts.
Untargeted metabolomics to explore the oxidation processes during shelf life of pork patties treated with guarana seed extracts
Authors: Rocchetti Gabriele , Barba Francisco J. , Lorenzo Jose M. , Munekata Paulo E. S. , Bernardo Letizia , Tomasevic Igor , Pateiro Mirian , Lucini Luigi 
Published: August 2019

AbstractThe changes of metabolites in pork patties with different antioxidants added (control without antioxidants, 200 mg kg−1 butylated hydroxytoluene (BHT) and 250 mg kg−1 guarana seed extracts (GSEs)) under modified atmosphere (80% O2 and 20% CO2) for 18 days of refrigerated storage were evaluated. Untargeted metabolomic approach based on UHPLC‐ESI‐QTOF‐MS analysis was applied. GSE phytochemical profile revealed a wide variety of compounds (caffeine, glycerol 1‐propanoate, amino acids, alkaloids and glycerophospholipids), together with antioxidants (tyrosols, procyanidins and flavonoids). Important differences in BHT and GSE patties metabolomic profiles were found during storage. Most of the differences could be attributed to glycerophospholipids and fatty acyls, along with specific compounds derived from lipid oxidation (i.e. 2‐hexenal, 4‐hydroxy‐2‐hexenal and 2,4‐heptadienal) and protein degradation (spermine). Therefore, the approach used highlighted a modulation of lipid oxidative processes, together with strict correlation between metabolic profiles and factors associated with meat quality, highlighting GSE effect on active compounds delaying oxidative phenomena.
Think fast: The role of thin slices of behavior in employee selection decisions
Authors: Carnes Andrew M. , Knotts Kevin G. , Munyon Timothy P. , Heames Joyce T. , Houghton Jeffery D. 
Published: August 2019

AbstractThis study integrates past research addressing decision‐making, employee selection, and influence processes in an attempt to provide both a theoretical and empirical foundation for future research addressing initial impressions throughout the interview process. Using data from a simulated hiring situation comprised of 28 recruiters and 229 applicants, the results suggest that initial impressions formed at the beginning of the interview make a substantive impact on final impressions. However, impressions formed at the career fair do not appear to impact final impressions without considering the interactive effects of decision confidence. Hypotheses proposing that decision confidence would moderate linkages between initial impressions formed at the beginning of the interview and both interview scores and final impressions were not supported. We discuss the theoretical and practical implications of these findings for selection.
Optical transition and luminescence properties of Sm3+‐doped YNbO4 powder phosphors
Authors: Wang Xin , Li Xiangping , Shen Rensheng , Xu Sai , Zhang Xizhen , Cheng Lihong , Sun Jiashi , Zhang Jinsu , Chen Baojiu 
Published: August 2019

AbstractA series of YNbO4: Sm3+ powder phosphors with different doping concentrations were synthesized by a traditional high‐temperature solid‐state reaction method. The crystal structure of the obtained samples was characterized by means of X‐ray diffraction. Concentration quenching, energy‐transfer mechanism, and luminescence thermal stability of YNbO4: Sm3+ samples were studied through the fluorescence spectra and decays. It was concluded that electric dipole‐dipole interaction was the dominant energy‐transfer mechanism between Sm3+ ions according to both Van Uitert's model and Dexter's model. Using the Arrhenius model, crossover process was proven to be responsible for the luminescence thermal quenching of Sm3+. Moreover, a novel approach for evaluating the optical transition properties of Sm3+ ion in YNbO4 powders using the diffuse‐diffraction spectrum and fluorescence decay was examined in the framework of Judd‐Ofelt (J‐O) theory. It was confirmed that the J‐O parameters Ωλ (λ = 2, 4, 6) of Sm3+ in YNbO4 powder were reliable by comparing the radiation transition rate with the measured emission results.