bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Frontal lobe dysfunction underlies the differential word retrieval impairment in adolescents with high‐functioning autism
Authors: Yeung Michael K. , Lee Tsz L. , Chan Agnes S. 
Published: February 2019

There is substantial evidence of word retrieval impairment as indicated by poor performance on the category fluency test in autism spectrum disorder (ASD). However, little is known about the neural mechanisms underlying this impairment. Functional neuroimaging studies have shown that the lateral frontal cortex plays a key role in flexible word retrieval. Thus, we examined whether individuals with ASD exhibited altered frontal processing during the category fluency test using functional near‐infrared spectroscopy (fNIRS). Twenty‐two adolescents with high‐functioning ASD (20 males) and 22 typically developing (TD) adolescents (16 males) aged 11–18 years were recruited. All underwent a category fluency paradigm, which required production of animal or means of transportation words for 1 min each although their frontal hemodynamic changes were recorded with fNIRS. We found that adolescents with ASD produced fewer animal but not transportation words (group‐by‐category interaction: P = 0.003), suggesting differential word retrieval impairment. In addition, unlike TD adolescents who exhibited activation primarily in lateral frontal regions during word production, adolescents with ASD had comparable activation across lateral and medial frontal regions. More importantly, this lack of lateral–medial distinction of activation, which was associated with poor word retrieval, differed significantly between groups only in the animal category (group‐by‐category interaction: P = 0.018). Thus, our findings implicate frontal lobe dysfunction in the impairment of differential word retrieval in adolescents with ASD. The relatively greater involvement of the medial frontopolar cortex might reflect the use of nonspecialized brain regions to compensate for the category‐dependent difficulties with word retrieval in ASD. Autism Res 2019, 12: 600–613. © 2019 International Society for Autism Research, Wiley Periodicals, Inc.Lay SummaryUsing an optical imaging tool, we found that adolescents with autism had difficulties with producing semantically related words and exhibited frontal lobe dysfunction. Nonetheless, poor word production and altered brain processing was only seen when these adolescents were asked to produce words from a category of living things but not nonliving things (i.e., animals but not means of transportation). Category‐dependent word retrieval problems and frontal lobe dysfunction might be two features of this disorder.
Baukosten und Energieeffizienz von Mehrfamilienhäusern
Authors: Schuberth Jens 
Published: February 2019

AbstractSeit 2001 prämiert der Deutsche Bauherrenpreis vorbildliche Neubauten und Sanierungen von Mehrfamilienhäusern. Eine Analyse der neueren Projekte zeigt, dass Wohnungswirtschaft und Planer ein überaus leistungsstarkes Team bilden, welches wirtschaftliches und energieeffizientes Bauen sehr gut vereinbaren kann. Eine hohe Energieeffizienz wirkt sich bei Mehrfamilienhäusern in höchstens geringem Umfang auf die Baukosten auswirken, sowohl bei Neubauten als auch bei Sanierungen. Bei Kaltmieten hat der Standort in einer Großstadt großen Einfluss; Häuser mit niedrigem Primärenergiebedarf werden sogar günstiger vermietet. Pauschale Behauptungen, Anforderungen an die Energieeffizienz von Gebäuden führten zu überhöhten Baukosten und Kaltmieten, erweisen sich vor dem Hintergrund dieser Auswertung anspruchsvoller Projekte als nicht haltbar. Gutachten über die Wirtschaftlichkeit von Energiestandards sollten nicht nur Materialpreise, sondern die Baukosten realisierter Projekte untersuchen und dabei stets mit statistisch abgesicherten Methoden (oder wenigstens mit Bandbreiten) arbeiten.
Ansätze zur ökonomischen Bewertung vertikaler Begrünungssysteme
Authors: Hollands Jutta , Korjenic Azra 
Published: February 2019

AbstractVertikale Begrünung kann einen wesentlichen Beitrag zu einer nachhaltigen Stadtentwicklung leisten. Denn Begrünung kann nicht nur die bauphysikalischen Eigenschaften von Gebäuden verbessern und als Schadstofffilter zur Verbesserung der Luftqualität beitragen, sondern auch großen Einfluss auf die betroffenen Menschen haben. Eine Begrünungsmaßnahme im Rahmen einer Bestandssanierung oder bei einem Neubau durchzuführen, ist nicht zuletzt von den entstehenden Kosten und den möglichen Nutzen abhängig. Das Ziel der durchgeführten Forschung besteht darin, ein Basismodell zu entwickeln, mit dem in weiterer Folge objektbezogen die Kosten und Nutzen für wandgebundene Begrünungssysteme abgeschätzt werden können. Hierzu wird für jedes System ein gesamter Lebenszyklus von der Errichtung über die Nutzung bis zur schlussendlichen Entsorgung betrachtet. Aufgrund der fehlenden Messbarkeit und quantitativen Bewertbarkeit vieler positiver Auswirkungen von Gebäudebegrünung kann derzeit kein ganzheitliches Modell vorgezeigt werden, sondern lediglich der entwickelte, leicht erweiterbare Ansatz zur ökonomischen Bewertung präsentiert werden. Dank dieses Modells konnten bereits wertvolle Erkenntnisse zur Systemoptimierung erlangt werden und Anknüpfungspunkte für weitere Bewertungsmöglichkeiten definiert werden.
Einsatz passiver Erdreichkühlung zur Konditionierung von Lagerhäusern
Authors: Gratzl Markus , Zieser Johannes , Retter Philipp 
Published: February 2019

AbstractFür den Neubau der Produktionsstätte eines Getränkeherstellers war es erforderlich, ein Lagervolumen für rund fünf Millionen Flaschen als gekühltes Rohsektlager bereitzustellen. Die maximalen Temperaturen durften aufgrund der Qualitätsanforderungen im Produktionsprozess 14 °C während der Sommermonate nicht überschreiten. Um möglichst hohe Energieeffizienz zu erzielen und eine ganzjährige Beheizung beziehungsweise Kühlung zu vermeiden, sollte das Lager natürlich konditioniert werden: Durch explizite Kopplung des Gärlagers mit dem angrenzenden Erdreich wurde dessen Pufferwirkung über ungedämmte erdberührte Wand‐ und Bodenbauteile aktiviert. Auch das Lagergut selbst wurde als thermische Speichermasse in der Auslegung berücksichtigt. Gleichzeitig wurde die verbliebene thermische Gebäudehülle dahingehend optimiert, dass die auftretenden Wärmegewinne und Wärmeverluste zur Außenluft auf ein Minimum reduziert sind. Der Nachweis der Gebrauchstauglichkeit erfolgte mittels gekoppelter transienter thermischer Gebäudesimulation. Es konnte gezeigt werden, dass – selbst unter Annahme erhöhter Außenluft‐ und Erdreichtemperaturen aufgrund des Klimawandels – bei Ausführung von Außenwänden und Dächern in höchster thermischer Qualität auf eine aktive Konditionierung des Lagers vollständig verzichtet werden kann.
Systematic review of clinical prediction models for survival after surgery for resectable pancreatic cancer
Authors: Strijker M , Chen J W , Mungroop T H , Jamieson N B , van Eijck C H , Steyerberg E W , Wilmink J W , Groot Koerkamp B , van Laarhoven H W , Besselink M G 
Published: February 2019

Abstract

Background
As more therapeutic options for pancreatic cancer are becoming available, there is a need to improve outcome prediction to support shared decision-making. A systematic evaluation of prediction models in resectable pancreatic cancer is lacking.

Methods
This systematic review followed the CHARMS and PRISMA guidelines. PubMed, Embase and Cochrane Library databases were searched up to 11 October 2017. Studies reporting development or validation of models predicting survival in resectable pancreatic cancer were included. Models without performance measures, reviews, abstracts or more than 10 per cent of patients not undergoing resection in postoperative models were excluded. Studies were appraised critically.

Results
After screening 4403 studies, 22 (44 319 patients) were included. There were 19 model development/update studies and three validation studies, altogether concerning 21 individual models. Two studies were deemed at low risk of bias. Eight models were developed for the preoperative setting and 13 for the postoperative setting. Most frequently included parameters were differentiation grade (11 of 21 models), nodal status (8 of 21) and serum albumin (7 of 21). Treatment-related variables were included in three models. The C-statistic/area under the curve values ranged from 0·57 to 0·90. Based on study design, validation methods and the availability of web-based calculators, two models were identified as the most promising.

Conclusion
Although a large number of prediction models for resectable pancreatic cancer have been reported, most are at high risk of bias and have not been validated externally. This overview of prognostic factors provided practical recommendations that could help in designing easily applicable prediction models to support shared decision-making.
The compatibility of six alkaloids in ermiao pill explored by a comparative pharmacokinetic and network pharmacological study
Authors: Xia Zhengxiang , Lv Lei , Di Xuemei , Xue Jiyang , Gao Zhen , Zhang Guoqing , Zhang Hai 
Published: February 2019

AbstractErmiao Pill (EMW), a traditional Chines medicine (TCM), composed of a two‐herb pair, Phellodendri Cortex (PC) and Atractylodis Rhizome (AR), is used for the treatment of pelvic inflammatory disease and inflammatory‐related diseases. However, the underlying mechanism is still unknown. Compatibility plays a crucial role in the complex drugs such as those used in traditional Chinese medicine. We propose a compositive strategy, which integrated pharmacokinetics and network pharmacology to explore the compatibility in EMW. Firstly, a simple, rapid, and selective method based on UPLC–MS/MS was established and validated for simultaneous qualification of six alkaloids in rat plasma, which was used for a comparative pharmacokinetic study of EMW and its constituent herb PC. The concentration–time profiles suggested that AR might reduce the toxicity of some alkaloids in EMW. Secondly, network pharmacology analysis showed that the key protein PTGS2 was targeted by four alkaloids, and that the competition among them might be allevited by AR. Thirdly, molecular docking exhibited interactions between the alkaloids and PTGS2 through H and π–π bonds, and the same residue formed interactions with different alkaloids, which account for the toxicity of these alkaloids, and these were confirmed by the cell viability assay. The combination of pharmacokinetics and network pharmacology clarified the compatibility in EMW.
Surfers' knots in the anterior chest
Authors: Baba Akira , Okuyama Yumi , Yakabe Hiroyuki , Yamazoe Shinji , Kobashi Yuko , Mogami Takuji 
Published: February 2019

Key Clinical MessageA history of frequent surfing can be a key finding when a patient comes in with subcutaneous lesions on bilateral anterior lower chest. MR imaging could lead to the diagnosis with its characteristic finding for collagenous mass lesions, though most cases do not require imaging unless with atypical presentation. This enables clinicians to avoid unnecessary invasive procedures.
Colorimetric Methods for Determining Fe, V, and Ni Contents in Coke and Anodes
Authors: Sun Hang , Kocaefe Duygu , Bhattacharyay Dipankar , Kocaefe Yasar , Côté Jules , Coulombe Patrick 
Published: February 2019

AbstractPrebaked carbon anodes are used in the electrolytic production of aluminum. They are made of petroleum coke, butts, recycled anodes, and coal tar pitch. The anode quality, which depends on the raw material quality and the production conditions, has an important impact on the cell performance. Metallic impurities (V, Ni, and Fe) found in cokes and anodes increase the carbon consumption by catalyzing the air and CO2 reactivities. In turn, this increases the production cost, energy consumption, and the emission of greenhouse gases. The current methods for detecting the metallic impurities in carbon are time consuming and require intensive sample preparation, skilled personnel, and costly reagents. In this work, simple, rapid, and effective tools were developed using colorimetric methods.
Two‐Step Structure Phase Transition, Dielectric Anomalies, and Thermochromic Luminescence Behavior in a Direct Band Gap 2D Corrugated Layer Lead Chloride Hybrid of [(CH3)4N]4Pb3Cl10
Authors: Xue Chen , Wang Shu , Liu Wen‐Long , Ren Xiao‐Ming 
Published: February 2019

AbstractA direct band gap 2D corrugated layer lead chloride hybrid, [(CH3)4N]4Pb3Cl10 (1), shows analogous topology to the {Mg3F104−}∞ layer in Cs4Mg3F10, and with the (CH3)4N+ cations locating in the inorganic layer voids and between the interlayers. Two reversible structural phase transitions occur in 1 at 225/210 K and 328/325 K upon heating/cooling, respectively. On going from the low‐ to intermediate‐temperature phase, the space group changes from P21/c to Cmca, and the crystallographic axis perpendicular to the layers is doubled with the order–disorder transformation of (CH3)4N+ cations between the interlayers. The intermediate‐ and high‐temperature phases are isomorphic with similar cell parameters and packing structure; their main difference concerns the disorder degree of the (CH3)4N+ cations between the interlayers. The two‐step structural phase transitions lead to dielectric anomalies around the corresponding Tc. Interestingly, 1 shows multiband emission, originating from the recombination of exciton and emission of defects. Moreover, 1 exhibits divergent thermochromic luminescent features around the Tc on the intermediate to low temperature transition.
Reduction of Phosphine Oxide by Using Chlorination Reagents and Dihydrogen: DFT Mechanistic Insights
Authors: Zhu Hui , Qu Zheng‐Wang , Grimme Stefan 
Published: February 2019

AbstractExtensive DFT calculations provide detailed mechanistic insights into the metal‐free reduction of phosphine oxide Ph3P=O by using chlorination reagents O=CClX (X=COCl, Cl, OCCl3 and Ph) and H2. Fast electrophilic attack to the P=O group oxygen atom is favored by exergonic CO2 release to form phosphonium Ph3PCl+ and chloride Cl−, which may slowly cleave H2 by an unstable HPh3PCl complex yielding Ph3PH+ and Cl− ions in solution. Moderate heating is required to accelerate the slow H2‐activation step and to eliminate HCl to form phosphine Ph3P instead of Ph3PH+Cl− salt as the desired product. Though partially quenched by Ph3P (and reactant Ph3P=O if present), borane B(2,6‐F2C6H3)3 can be still combined with Cl− and Ph3P as reactive frustrated Lewis pair (FLP) catalysts.
Inside Cover: Palladium‐Catalyzed Asymmetric Dihydroxylation of 1,3‐Dienes with Catechols (Chin. J. Chem. 3/2019)
Authors: Fan Tao , Shen Hong‐Cheng , Han Zhi‐Yong , Gong Liu‐Zhu 
Published: February 2019

The inside cover picture shows a palladium‐catalyzed asymmetric dihydroxylation of 1,3‐dienes with catechols utilizing chiral pyridinebis(oxazoline) ligand. The reaction is proposed to proceed via a cascade Wacker‐type hydroxypalladation/asymmetric allylation process. This methodology provides a direct and straightforward synthesis to prepare chiral 2‐substituted 1,4‐benzodioxane motifs in moderate to good yield and enantioselectivity from readily available starting materials. More details are discussed in the article by Gong et al. on page 226–232.
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On Ancient Solutions of the Heat Equation
Authors: Lin Fanghua , Zhang Q. S. 
Published: February 2019

AbstractAn explicit representation formula with Martin boundary for all positive ancient solutions of the heat equation in the euclidean case is found. In the Riemannian case with nonnegative Ricci curvature, a similar but less explicit formula is also found. Here it is proven that any positive ancient solution is the standard Laplace transform of positive solutions of the family of elliptic operators Δ – s with s > 0. Further relaxation of the curvature assumption is also possible. It is also shown that the linear space of ancient solutions of polynomial growth has finite dimension and these solutions are polynomials in time. © 2018 the Authors. Communications on Pure and Applied Mathematics is published by the Courant Institute of Mathematical Sciences and Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Electrochemically Driven Water Oxidation by a Highly Active Ruthenium‐Based Catalyst
Authors: Shatskiy Andrey , Bardin Andrey A. , Oschmann Michael , Matheu Roc , Benet‐Buchholz Jordi , Eriksson Lars , Kärkäs Markus D. , Johnston Eric V. , Gimbert‐Suriñach Carolina , Llobet Antoni , Åkermark Björn 
Published: February 2019

AbstractThe highly active ruthenium‐based water oxidation catalyst [RuX(mcbp)(OHn)(py)2] [mcbp2−=2,6‐bis(1‐methyl‐4‐(carboxylate)benzimidazol‐2‐yl)pyridine; n=2, 1, and 0 for X=II, III, and IV, respectively], can be generated in a mixture of RuIII and RuIV states from either [RuII(mcbp)(py)2] or [RuIII(Hmcbp)(py)2]2+ precursors. The precursor complexes are isolated and characterized by single‐crystal X‐ray analysis, NMR, UV/Vis, EPR, and FTIR spectroscopy, ESI‐HRMS, and elemental analysis, and their redox properties are studied in detail by electrochemical and spectroscopic methods. Unlike the parent catalyst [Ru(tda) (py)2] (tda2−=[2,2′:6′,2′′‐terpyridine]‐6,6′′‐dicarboxylate), for which full transformation into the catalytically active species [RuIV(tda)(O)(py)2] could not be carried out, stoichiometric generation of the catalytically active Ru–aqua complex [RuX(mcbp)(OHn)(py)2] from the RuII precursor was achieved under mild conditions (pH 7.0) and short reaction times. The redox properties of the catalyst were studied and its activity for electrocatalytic water oxidation was evaluated, reaching a maximum turnover frequency (TOFmax) of around 40 000 s−1 at pH 9.0 (from foot‐of‐the‐wave analysis), which is comparable to the activity of the state‐of‐the‐art catalyst [RuIV(tda)(O)(py)2].
Radcliffe ARFID Workgroup: Toward operationalization of research diagnostic criteria and directions for the field
Authors: Eddy Kamryn T. , Harshman Stephanie G. , Becker Kendra R. , Bern Elana , Bryant‐Waugh Rachel , Hilbert Anja , Katzman Debra K. , Lawson Elizabeth A. , Manzo Laurie D. , Menzel Jessie , Micali Nadia , Ornstein Rollyn , Sally Sarah , Serinsky Sharon P. , Sharp William , Stubbs Kathryn , Walsh B. Timothy , Zickgraf Hana , Zucker Nancy , Thomas Jennifer J. 
Published: February 2019

AbstractObjectiveSince its introduction to the psychiatric nomenclature in 2013, research on avoidant/restrictive food intake disorder (ARFID) has proliferated highlighting lack of clarity in how ARFID is defined.MethodIn September 2018, a small multi‐disciplinary pool of international experts in feeding disorder and eating disorder clinical practice and research convened as the Radcliffe ARFID workgroup to consider operationalization of DSM‐5 ARFID diagnostic criteria to guide research in this disorder.ResultsBy consensus of the Radcliffe ARFID workgroup, ARFID eating is characterized by food avoidance and/or restriction, involving limited volume and/or variety associated with one or more of the following: weight loss or faltering growth (e.g., defined as in anorexia nervosa, or by crossing weight/growth percentiles); nutritional deficiencies (defined by laboratory assay or dietary recall); dependence on tube feeding or nutritional supplements (≥50% of daily caloric intake or any tube feeding not required by a concurrent medical condition); and/or psychosocial impairment.ConclusionsThis article offers definitions on how best to operationalize ARFID criteria and assessment thereof to be tested in existing clinical populations and to guide future study to advance understanding and treatment of this heterogeneous disorder.
Distinguishing three distinct biogeographic regions with an in‐house developed 39‐AIM‐InDel panel and further admixture proportion estimation for Uyghurs
Authors: Lan Qiong , Shen Chunmei , Jin Xiaoye , Guo Yuxin , Xie Tong , Chen Chong , Cui Wei , Fang Yating , Yang Guang , Zhu Bofeng 
Published: February 2019

AbstractIn the forensic field, ancestry‐informative markers (AIMs) showing remarkable allele frequency discrepancies can be useful in deducing the likely ancestral origin of a person or estimating the ancestry component proportions of an admixed population or individual. Diallelic single nucleotide polymorphisms are genetic markers commonly used for ancestry inference, but the genotyping methods of single nucleotide polymorphisms fail to fulfil the demands of cost‐effectiveness and simplicity of experimental manipulation. To overcome the limitations, a 39 ancestry‐informative insertion/deletion polymorphism multiplex panel was developed in the present study to perform ancestry assignment of individuals from three distinct biogeographic regions (Africa, Europe, East Asia). And in the panel design, we also attempted to incorporate AIM‐insertion/deletion polymorphisms exhibiting allelic frequency differences in Han, Uyghur, and Tibetan populations into the multiplex assay, further expecting to provide valuable information for refining ancestry inference within Chinese populations. Statistical analyses were performed to estimate efficiency of this panel in clustering individuals from three continents mentioned above into their corresponding populations, which indicated the potential of the panel in ancestry inference. Besides, we also estimated the ancestral component proportions of Uyghur group and STRUCTURE analysis revealed that Uyghurs from Urumchi city of northern Xinjiang exhibited a distinctly admixed pattern of East Asian and European ancestry components with a ratio of 49:44, reflecting the relatively higher East Asian ancestry component contribution in the gene pool of the Uyghur group.
Graphite Whiskers Derived from Waste Coffee Grounds Treated at High Temperature
Authors: Melvin Gan Jet Hong , Wang Zhipeng , Morimoto Shingo , Fujishige Masatsugu , Takeuchi Kenji , Hashimoto Yoshio , Endo Morinobu 
Published: February 2019

AbstractGraphite whiskers (GWs) are obtained from coffee grounds (CGs) treated at 2500 °C for 1 h in the presence of Ar gas at 1 atm. The majority of the GWs formed inside the CGs shell are rod‐like with a conical tip with diameter and length in the range between 1 to 3 µm and 4 to 10 µm, respectively. At first, the carbon layer might be grown in a turbostratic manner, and then progressively graphitized at higher temperature. The strong G′ peak intensity might be induced by the disclination of graphitized carbon layers.
Fasting serum glucose, thyroid‐stimulating hormone, and thyroid hormones and risk of papillary thyroid cancer: A case‐control study
Authors: Hu Ming‐Jun , Zhang Chi , Liang Ling , Wang Sheng‐Ying , Zheng Xu‐Cai , Zhang Qian , Jiang Chun‐Xiao , Zhong Qi , Huang Fen 
Published: February 2019

AbstractBackgroundThis study was to investigate the association of fasting serum glucose (FSG), thyroid‐stimulating hormone (TSH), and thyroid hormones with papillary thyroid cancer (PTC).MethodsA total of 649 participants were included in this case‐control study. The associations of FSG, TSH, free triiodothyronine (FT3) and free thyroxine (FT4) with PTC were estimated using an unconditional logistic regression.ResultsCompared with the lowest quintile of TSH levels, odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) for association between PTC risk and highest quintile of TSH levels were 1.67 (95% CI, 0.99‐2.83). However, this risk correlation was more significant in PTC cases with ≤1.0 cm tumor size (adjusted OR, 1.95; 95% CI, 1.08‐3.54; adjusted P‐trend, 0.05). The PTC risk was also inversely associated with the serum FT3 level in all participants (adjusted P‐trend, 0.001), but positively associated with the serum FT4 (adjusted P‐trend, 0.001) and FSG (adjusted P‐trend, 0.01) levels. Among the participants without diabetes, the individuals with high FSG levels and abnormal TSH concentration had an increased PTC risk (adjusted OR, 3.38; 95% CI, 1.78‐6.42).ConclusionThe current study provides evidence for the association of FSG, TSH, and thyroid hormones (FT3 and FT4) with PTC risk. However, larger relative studies are needed.