bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Anchoring the Numeric Pain Scale Changes Pain Intensity Reports in Patients With Chronic But Not With Acute Pain
Authors: Amir Renana , Leiba Ronit , Eisenberg Elon 
Published: October 2018

AbstractBackgroundDespite enormous differences between acute and chronic pain, the numeric pain scale (NRS) is commonly used in pain research and clinical practice for assessing the intensity of both acute and chronic pain. The use of this scale has been challenged as it may fail to accurately reflect the pure intensity of chronic pain.AimTo compare the effect of anchoring the NRS on the intensity of pain reported by patients with acute vs. chronic pain.MethodsPatients with acute postoperative or chronic pain (n = 100/group) were requested to rate their: current clinical pain intensity on an NRS from 0 to 100; the intensity of an anchoring pain event on the same scale; and subsequently to rate again their current pain intensity while making reference to the reported intensity of the pain event. The magnitude of correction was compared between the 2 groups.ResultsThe anchoring pain was rated identically between the groups. However, following anchoring, patients with chronic pain made a significantly larger correction of their pain intensity than did those with acute pain (mean ± standard deviation = 9 ± 9, median [interquartile range] = 10 [0 to 10] vs. 3 ± 7, 0 [0 to 5], respectively; P < 0.0001). More patients in the chronic pain group corrected their pain intensity. Logistic regression showed that chronic pain and female gender significantly increased the likelihood of making the correction (chronic pain: odds ratio 7.2, 95% confidence interval 3.5 to 15.1, P < 0.0001; female gender: odds ratio 2.8, 95% confidence interval 1.4 to 5.5, P < 0.0001).ConclusionThe results suggest that anchoring the NRS can potentially improve the accuracy of reported chronic pain intensity.
Human perception of whole body roll-tilt orientation in a hypogravity analog: underestimation and adaptation
Authors: Galvan-Garza Raquel C. , Clark Torin K. , Sherwood David , Diaz-Artiles Ana , Rosenberg Marissa , Natapoff Alan , Karmali Faisal , Oman Charles M. , Young Laurence R. 
Published: October 2018

Overestimation of roll tilt in hypergravity (“G-excess” illusion) has been demonstrated, but corresponding sustained hypogravic conditions are impossible to create in ground laboratories. In this article we describe the first systematic experimental evidence that in a hypogravity analog, humans underestimate roll tilt. We studied perception of self-roll tilt in nine subjects, who were supine while spun on a centrifuge to create a hypogravity analog. By varying the centrifuge rotation rate, we modulated the centripetal acceleration (GC) at the subject’s head location (0.5 or 1 GC) along the body axis. We measured orientation perception using a subjective visual vertical task in which subjects aligned an illuminated bar with their perceived centripetal acceleration direction during tilts (±11.5–28.5°). As hypothesized, based on the reduced utricular otolith shearing, subjects initially underestimated roll tilts in the 0.5 GCcondition compared with the 1 GCcondition (mean perceptual gain change = −0.27, P = 0.01). When visual feedback was given after each trial in 0.5 GC, subjects’ perceptual gain increased in approximately exponential fashion over time (time constant = 16 tilts or 13 min), and after 45 min, the perceptual gain was not significantly different from the 1 GCbaseline (mean gain difference between 1 GCinitial and 0.5 GCfinal = 0.16, P = 0.3). Thus humans modified their interpretation of sensory cues to more correctly report orientation during this hypogravity analog. Quantifying the acute orientation perceptual learning in such an altered gravity environment may have implications for human space exploration on the moon or Mars.NEW & NOTEWORTHY Humans systematically overestimate roll tilt in hypergravity. However, human perception of orientation in hypogravity has not been quantified across a range of tilt angles. Using a centrifuge to create a hypogravity centripetal acceleration environment, we found initial underestimation of roll tilt. Providing static visual feedback, perceptual learning reduced underestimation during the hypogravity analog. These altered gravity orientation perceptual errors and adaptation may have implications for astronauts.
Courtship behavior as a war of attrition in a simultaneous hermaphrodite
Authors: Lorenzi Maria Cristina , Araguas Alice , Bocquet Céline , Picchi Laura , Ricci-Bonot Claire 
Published: October 2018

AbstractIn outcrossing hermaphrodites with unilateral mating, where for each mating interaction one individual assumes the female role and the other the male role, each individual must take a sexual role opposite to that of its partner. In the polychaete wormOphryotrocha diadema, the decision on sexual role is likely at stake during the day-long courtship. Here we describe, for the first time, courtship and pseudocopulation in this species, quantify their pre-copulatory behavior, and search for behavioral traits predicting the prospective sexual role (i.e., behavioral sexual dimorphism), by analyzing the courtship behavior of pairs of worms during the day preceding a mating event. We did not find any behavioral cue predicting the sexual role worms were to play; partners’ pre-copulatory behaviors were qualitatively and quantitatively symmetrical. We interpret this as the outcome of a war of attrition where partners share the preference for the same sexual role, and both hide their ‘willingness’ to play the less preferred one, until one individual reaches its cost threshold and accepts the less preferred sexual role.
Improvements to Cloud-Top Brightness Temperatures Computed from the CRTM at 3.9 μm
Authors: Grasso Lewis , Lindsey Daniel T. , Noh Yoo-Jeong , O’Dell Christopher , Wu Ting-Chi , Kong Fanyou 
Published: October 2018

ABSTRACTIn preparation for all-sky satellite radiance assimilation, the Community Radiative Transfer Model (CRTM), version 2.1.3, was used to produce Geostationary Operational Environmental Satellite-12/13 (GOES-12/13) imagery near 3.9 μm. For the current study, model output simulated from different models, microphysics, and weather events was used by the CRTM to generate imagery over and near the United States. A direct comparison of observed and CRTM GOES-12/13 imagery near 3.9 μm revealed that CRTM brightness temperatures of solid-water cold cloud tops were approximately 30 K less than observed values. Two CRTM errors were identified and resolved: 1) a coding error that was found by the CRTM team and 2) incorrect optical properties of ice, resulting in improved values of brightness temperatures. Further, changes in microphysics also contributed to improvements, save for one case. The coding error solution appeared in the publicly released CRTM, version 2.3.0, on 27 November 2017, while the inclusion of the optical property solution is undetermined. Since the CRTM is the radiative transfer model within the operational data assimilation system at the National Centers for Environmental Prediction (NCEP), improvements to both the CRTM and model microphysics will be beneficial for future all-sky radiance assimilation activities.
Expression of Nerve Injury-Induced Protein1 (Ninj1) in Endometriosis
Authors: Miyashita Mariko , Koga Kaori , Takeuchi Arisa , Makabe Tomoko , Taguchi Ayumi , Urata Yoko , Izumi Gentaro , Takamura Masashi , Harada Miyuki , Hirata Tetsuya , Hirota Yasushi , Wada-Hiraike Osamu , Yoshino Osamu , Fujii Tomoyuki , Osuga Yutaka 
Published: October 2018

Objective: The aim of this study was to clarify the expression of Ninj1 in endometriosis and adenomyosis lesions, and its inductive factor in human endometriotic stromal cells (ESCs). Background: Nerve injury-induced protein 1 (Ninj1) is a molecule originally identified in dorsal root ganglion neurons and Schwann cells after nerve injury and promotes neurite outgrowth. The aim of this study was to clarify the expression of Ninj1 in endometriosis and adenomyosis lesions, and its inductive factor in human endometriotic stromal cells (ESCs). Materials and Methods: Tissues were obtained with consent from patients diagnosed with ovarian endometrioma (n = 15 in total), peritoneal endometriosis (n = 5), adenomyosis (n = 5), and other gynecological disorders (n = 5, control) during surgery. Immunohistochemistry was conducted in order to detect Ninj1 protein expression in the lesion of endometriosis, adenomyosis, and eutopic endometrium. Nerve fibers in the ovarian endometrioma were detected by positive staining of PGP-9.5. To evaluate the effects of IL-1β on Ninj1 gene expression in endometriosis, ESCs isolated from ovarian endometrioma (n = 5) were treated with IL-1β (5 ng/mL) for 3 or 6 hours. Messenger RNA (mRNA) expression for Ninj1 was examined using quantitative RT-PCR. Results: The Ninj1 protein was expressed by ovarian endometrioma, peritoneal endometriotic, and adenomyotic tissue. Nerve fibers were found in the areas of positive staining for Ninj1 in ovarian endometrioma. IL-1β, an indicator of inflammation in endometriosis, significantly increased Ninj1 mRNA expression by ESC. Conclusion: Our study demonstrates that Ninj1 is expressed in endometriosis and adenomyosis and is induced by the inflammatory stimuli. Given the neurogenetic property of Ninj1, our results imply that Ninj1, induced by inflammation in endometriosis lesion, may contribute to the pathogenesis of pain symptoms characteristic of endometriosis.
Contrast-Enhanced MRI Evaluation of Bone–Patellar Tendon–Bone and Hamstring ACL Autograft Healing in Humans: A Prospective Randomized Study
Authors: Covey Dana Curtis , Sandoval Korina Erin , Riffenburgh Robert H. 
Published: October 2018

Background: Gadopentetate dimeglumine–enhanced magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), or gadolinium-enhanced MRI, was used to prospectively study the postoperative course of bone–patellar tendon–bone (BPTB) and combined semitendinosus and gracilis (STG) tendon autografts following arthroscopically assisted reconstruction of the anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) in humans. Gadopentetate dimeglumine is a contrast agent that has been shown to enhance the signal of vascularized tissue when examined by MRI. Purpose: To prospectively determine and compare the pattern and timing of autograft revascularization following arthroscopically assisted ACL reconstruction by BPTB or STG autografts. Study Design: Randomized controlled trial; Level of evidence, 1. Methods: A total of 73 patients (63 males, 10 females) with ACL tears who were scheduled to undergo reconstruction consented to participate in this study. The patients were randomized to receive arthroscopically assisted reconstruction of the ACL employing either BPTB or STG autografts. Gadolinium-enhanced MRI scans were scheduled at 3-month intervals during the first postoperative year to assess the integrity, timing, and pattern of enhancement of the ACL graft. The temporal sequence and morphologic characteristics of imaged signals were compared for both types of ACL reconstructions. Results: Based on all knees with 1 exception, there were no statistically significant differences in gadopentetate dimeglumine–mediated graft enhancement grade observed between BPTB and STG autografts. Conclusion: The results suggest that autograft revascularization probably varies in intensity and location during the time course of graft healing. The interval signal changes observed 3 to 9 months, but especially 6 to 9 months, postoperatively are due to increased contrast uptake as a reflection of ongoing neovascularization during the process of ligamentization.
Nuclear FOXO1 promotes lymphomagenesis in germinal center B cells
Authors: Kabrani Eleni , Chu Van Trung , Tasouri Evangelia , Sommermann Thomas , Baßler Kevin , Ulas Thomas , Zenz Thorsten , Bullinger Lars , Schultze Joachim L. , Rajewsky Klaus , Sander Sandrine 
Published: October 2018

Abstract
Forkhead box class O1 (FOXO1) acts as a tumor suppressor in solid tumors. The oncogenic phosphoinositide-3-kinase (PI3K) pathway suppresses FOXO1 transcriptional activity by enforcing its nuclear exclusion upon AKT-mediated phosphorylation. We show here abundant nuclear expression of FOXO1 in Burkitt lymphoma (BL), a germinal center (GC) B-cell–derived lymphoma whose pathogenesis is linked to PI3K activation. Recurrent FOXO1 mutations, which prevent AKT targeting and lock the transcription factor in the nucleus, are used by BL to circumvent mutual exclusivity between PI3K and FOXO1 activation. Using genome editing in human and mouse lymphomas in which MYC and PI3K cooperate synergistically in tumor development, we demonstrate proproliferative and antiapoptotic activity of FOXO1 in BL and identify its nuclear localization as an oncogenic event in GC B-cell–derived lymphomagenesis.
The Concrete
Authors: Everett Parker 
Published: October 2018

AbstractTwo architects, Adolf Loos in 1908 and Walter Gropius in 1924, and the architecture critic Alexander Schwab in 1930 (under the pseudonym Albert Sigrist) all advocated for the austere aesthetics of modernist architecture. For Loos, ornamentation was a sign of regression and criminality; for Gropius, removing ornamentation was a matter of honesty and of creating an architectural aesthetics for the mechanized present. For Schwab, too, the removal of ornamentation was a question of honesty, but with the goal of direct proletarian architecture, that, while still capitalist in character, nonetheless pointed beyond capitalism. Despite their differences, all three offer versions of the same line of reasoning, an understanding about architectural space as a critique of those parts of society that appear to be constituted abstractly and a celebration of those parts of society that appear to be constituted concretely. The article explores this opposition between the abstract and the concrete in this architectural discourse and attempts to account for this dualism with reference to a theory of capitalism.
Truth and Enigma
Authors: Cachopo João Pedro 
Published: October 2018

AbstractThis article reappraises the relevance of Theodor W. Adorno’s aesthetics in the aftermath of the postmodern debate. It proposes a shift of focus from the concept of “semblance character” to the concept of “enigmatic character” in order to grasp what Adorno means by the “truth content” of artworks. This theoretical move is meant to shed new light on how Adorno sees the relationship between art and politics. The inclusion of Adorno in the tradition of the beautiful and his portrayal as a forerunner of Jean-François Lyotard’s aesthetics of the sublime are flawed. In other words, artworks would be true not because of what they make apparent or acknowledge as unpresentable but because their enigmatic complexion unleashes a crisis of comprehension that challenges our understanding of the world. A “maybe” emblematizes the enigma, whose imaginative appropriation remains truer to emancipation than any utopia or dystopia could ever become.
EDUCAÇÃO PARA A VIOLÊNCIA: CINCO SÉCULOS DE PRÁTICAS COLONIAIS E O MITO DO BRASIL CORDIAL
Authors: Viana Chaves Hamilton , Nonato Maia Filho Osterne , Mendes Segundo Maria das Dores , Maia Luciana Maria 
Published: October 2018

Resumo: O aumento da violência no Brasil tem sido significativo nos últimos trinta anos. Isto é verificado, sobretudo, quando analisados os dados relativos a crimes contra a vida. De certa forma, tal avanço se configura dentro de uma perspectiva educacional brasileira cujo “projeto político-pedagógico” avalizou tal realidade social. Do ponto de vista da formação humana, constata-se uma educação para a violência em cinco séculos de práticas de exploração e exclusão. O objetivo deste texto é apresentar uma análise da constituição de uma educação para a violência, no Brasil, a partir de duas categorias: a lógica da punição e o apelo às emoções e sua articulação com a infraestrutura econômica baseada em uma sociedade extremamente desigual, onde o ato cooperativo e solidário é objeto de ambiguidades. Estas, como formas recursivas de manipulação da conduta e que servem muito mais à agenda da constituição de uma sociedade violenta do que à formação de um país baseado no ato solidário. A resposta a este tipo de educação pode ser dada por aquela focada na formação inicial da vida, na perspectiva de uma educação ampla.Palavras-chave: Educação. Emoções. Punição. Violência.Abstract: The increase of violence in Brazil has been exceedingly significant in the last thirty years. This is especially true when we analyze the data of the crimes against life. In a way, this advance is configured within an educational perspective whose "political-pedagogical project" such social reality. From the point of view of human formation, there is an education for violence in Brazil from two categories: the logic of punishment and appeal to emotions and their articulation with the economic infrastructure based on an extremely unequal society, where the cooperative act and solidarity is the subject of ambiguities. These as recursive forms of conduct manipulation serve much more to the agenda of a violent society’s constitution than the formation of a country based on solidarity act. The answer to this type of education can be given by the one focused on the initial formation of life in the perspective of a broad education.Keywords: Education. Emotions. Punishment. Violence.
Adipose-derived stromal vascular fraction aids epithelialisation and angiogenesis in an animal model
Authors: Karagergou Eleni , Dionyssopoulos Alexandros , Karayannopoulou Maria , Psalla Dimitra , Theodoridis Alexandros , Demiri Efterpi , Koliakos Georgios 
Published: October 2018

Objective: Limited data exist regarding the correlation between adipose-derived stromal vascular fraction (SVF) and wound healing. The aim of this study was to investigate the direct effect of intradermally injected SVF on full-thickness cutaneous wounds in a murine model. Method: Wistar rats were divided into three groups (A, B and C) according to their day of euthanasia (day 7, 16 and 21). Inguinal fat pad was excised and SVF enzymatically extracted. Full-thickness cutaneous wounds were created on each side of the dorsum; SVF injected intradermally at one side while the contralateral wound served as control receiving normal saline. Postoperatively, evaluation of wound healing was performed by planimetry (percentages of wound contraction, epithelialisation and total wound healing) on days 0, 3, 5, 7, 10, 13, 16 and 21, and histology and immunochemistry (cellular infiltration score, collagen production score, neoangiogenesis and epithelial thickness) on days 7, 16 and 21. Results: Despite the high rate of wound contraction, it was significantly lower in the SVF-treated wounds on day 21 (p=0.037). On days 13, 16 and 21, the percentages of epithelialisation were higher in the SVF-treated wounds compared with control wounds (p=0.026, p=0.048 and p=0.05, respectively). Histologically, the number of new vessels was significantly higher in the SVF-treated wounds compared with controls on days seven (p=0.028) and 16 (p=0.027). This was also confirmed by immunohistochemistry. No significant differences were found between treated and control wounds regarding cellular infiltration score, collagen production score and epithelial thickness. Conclusion: Data indicate that intradermally injected SVF increases angiogenesis and enhances epithelialisation in full-thickness cutaneous wounds in rats.
Fluid management in children
Authors: Khan Farrah 
Published: October 2018

A broad understanding of the principles of fluid and electrolyte homeostasis is essential for ensuring safe and effective prescribing of fluids. Inappropriate prescribing can lead to unnecessarily prolonged hospital stays and, in extreme cases, can lead to morbidity and mortality. Generally, infants have a much higher surface area to body mass ratio than older children and adults. This combined with the fact that they have a relatively higher proportion of extracellular water, means that they are more likely to become dehydrated. Hence stopping fluid intake for more than short periods of time will affect the body's ability to maintain fluid homeostasis. In such patients, drinking water may not be sufficient to replace deficits within a safe time frame, and intravenous (IV) fluid administration may become essential to correct acute losses. Intravenous fluid therapy can be divided into two categories depending on the aim of treatment: to correct existing fluid deficits (fluid replacement/resuscitation) or to replace normal losses (routine maintenance). Most indications for IV fluid replacement are the same for children as for adults. The amount of IV fluid required by a child will depend on the current level of dehydration, the indication and any comorbidity. Another important factor is age; neonates require relatively more fluid intake than infants or older children.
Rola szkół biznesu w kontekście deklaracji PRME
Authors: Pogonowska Barbara 
Published: October 2018

Tekst podejmuje problematykę przekonań i poglądów, które wskazują na rolę uniwersytetów ekonomicznych i szkół biznesu. Zdaniem autorki Deklaracja PRME to nie tylko wyraz wspólnotowej intelektualnej refleksji nad sytuacją uniwersytetów, lecz także przejaw postawy teoretyczno-kontemplacyjnej w świecie zdominowanym przez zasadę produktywności.
Biomechanical Comparisons of One-Legged and Two-Legged Running Vertical Jumps
Authors: Tai Wei-Hsun , Wang Li-I , Peng Hsien-Te 
Published: October 2018

Abstract
The purpose of this study was to determine the differences in biomechanical characteristics between one- and two-legged running vertical jumps (1-LRVJ and 2-LRVJ). Ten male college volleyball players voluntarily participated in this study. Two running vertical jumps used in volleyball were randomly performed. Three trials for each type of the running vertical jump were recorded for each participant. Data were collected using six infra-red Qualisys motion-capture cameras at a 180-Hz sampling rate and two AMTI force platforms at an 1800-Hz sampling rate. Jump height in the 2-LRVJ was significantly higher than that in the 1-LRVJ (p < 0.05). In the take-off phase, knee and hip extension impulses for the 1-LRVJ were significantly greater than those for the 2-LRVJ (p < 0.05). These results suggest that the 1-LRVJ produced greater leg stiffness than the 2-LRVJ did. We found that the 1-LRVJ caused greater lower-extremity stiffness and impulse compared to the 2-LRVJ, which is beneficial in the stretch-shortening cycle, and thus the more focus on practicing 1-LRVJs is recommended for coaches and athletes.