bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Worldwide availability of medications for migraine and tension-type headache: A survey of the International Headache Society
Authors: Puledda Francesca , de Boer Irene , Messina Roberta , Garcia-Azorin David , Portes Souza Marcio Nattan , Al-Karagholi Mohammad Al-Mahdi , Begasse de Dhaem Olivia , Tassorelli Cristina , May Arne 
Published: November 2024

Background In this study, we aimed to evaluate the differing global access to acute and preventive medications for migraine and tension-type headache. Methods A custom-built questionnaire created by members of the International Headache Society Juniors Group was sent to International Headache Society members worldwide, including a list of acute and preventive treatments for migraine and tension-type headache. This list was based on evidence-based medicine guidelines. For each treatment, participants were asked about availability, type of reimbursement and variability of access within their country. Results Eighty-four members completed the questionnaire providing data for 84 countries. The majority were neurologists (88%) and worked at an academic/university hospital (62%). Of participants, 36% were located in high-income economy countries and 13% were located in low-income economies. Common preventive treatments such as propranolol and topiramate were available in most countries (respectively in 99% and 92% of responding countries). Sumatriptan was available in most countries (95%), whereas other triptan availability was lower. Novel migraine treatments such as rimegepant and erenumab were only available in 14% and 46% of the assessed countries, respectively. Conclusions Availability of headache medications, ranging from simple analgesics to novel therapies migraine-specific drugs, varied greatly across the world. Actions are needed to improve effective drug availability in many countries to ensure an adequate management of people living with headache.
Anatomic Risk Factors for Initial and Secondary Noncontact Anterior Cruciate Ligament Injury: A Prospective Cohort Study in 880 Female Elite Handball and Soccer Players
Authors: Kamatsuki Yusuke , Qvale Marie Synnøve , Steffen Kathrin , Wangensteen Arnlaug , Krosshaug Tron 
Published: November 2024

Background: Anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) injury is one of the most severe injuries for athletes. It is important to identify risk factors because a better understanding of injury causation can help inform athletes about risk and increase their understanding of and motivation for injury prevention. Purpose: To investigate the relationship between anatomic factors and risk for future noncontact ACL injuries. Study Design: Cohort study; Level of evidence, 2. Methods: A total of 870, excluding 9 players with a new contact ACL injury and a player with a new noncontact ACL injury just before the testing, female elite handball and soccer players—86 of whom had a history of ACL injury—underwent measurements of anthropometrics, alignment, joint laxity, and mobility, including leg length, knee alignment, knee anteroposterior laxity, generalized joint hypermobility, genu recurvatum, and hip anteversion. All ACL injuries among the tested players were recorded prospectively. Welch t tests and chi-square tests were used for comparison between the groups (new injury group, which sustained a new ACL injury in the follow-up period, and no new injury group). Results: An overall 64 new noncontact ACL injuries were registered. No differences were found between athletes with and without a new ACL injury among most of the measured variables. However, static knee valgus was significantly higher in the new injury group than in the no new injury group among all players (mean difference [MD], 0.9°; P = .007), and this tendency was greater in players with a previous ACL injury (MD, 2.1°; P = .002). Players with secondary injury also had a higher degree of knee hyperextension when compared with those previously injured who did not have a secondary injury (MD, 1.6°; P = .007). Conclusion: The anatomic factors that we investigated had a weak or no association with risk for an index noncontact ACL injury. Increased static knee valgus was associated with an increased risk for noncontact ACL injury, in particular for secondary injury. Furthermore, hyperextension of the knee was a risk factor for secondary ACL injury.
Trends and Determinants of Palliative Care Utilization Among Patients With Metastatic Upper Tract Urothelial Carcinoma in the National Cancer Database
Authors: Connors Christopher , Omidele Olamide , Levy Micah , Wang Daniel , Arroyave Juan Sebastian , Tomer Nir , Jacobi Sophia , Mayleben William , Badani Ketan , Mehrazin Reza , Palese Michael 
Published: November 2024

Objective To identify patterns of palliative care usage and identify determinants of palliative intervention using a large contemporary cohort of patients with metastatic upper tract urothelial carcinoma (mUTUC). Methods: The National Cancer Database was queried from 2004 to 2020 for patients with mUTUC. Patients with a prior malignancy, non-mUTUC, and missing follow up or palliative care information were excluded. Demographics and baseline characteristics were compared between patients with mUTUC who received palliative care and those that did not. Trends in annual palliative care usage were assessed via logistic regression. Univariate and multivariate logistic regression models were used to identify predictors of receipt of palliative care. Results: Four thousand and forty-four patients with mUTUC were included in the final cohort, among which 908 received palliative care (22.5%) and 3136 did not (77.5%). We found that the utilization of palliative care increased significantly from 2004 (15.0%) to 2019 (23.1%), P < .001. Additionally, on multivariate analysis we found that a recent year of diagnosis, receipt of a prior nonsurgical treatment paradigm, and an overall survival <6 months were independent predictors of palliative intervention, all P < .001. On the other hand, undergoing treatment at a minority serving hospital and older age were associated with lower likelihood of receiving palliative care, both P < .001. Conclusions: There is a low but increasing trend of utilization of palliative care among patients with mUTUC. Expansion of palliative care services, particularly among older patients and those at minority-serving hospitals, remains a key opportunity to improve quality of life and enhance patient-centered care among those with mUTUC.
The PrEP cascade in a sample of HIV-negative or unknown status adolescent and young adult transgender women in Peru
Authors: Reisner Sari L , Apedaile Dorothy , Silva-Santisteban Alfonso , Huerta Leyla , Aguayo-Romero Rodrigo , Perez-Brumer Amaya 
Published: November 2024

Background Transgender women are a key population in the HIV epidemic globally, including in Peru. This cross-sectional epidemiological study characterized the pre-exposure prophylaxis (PrEP) cascade in adolescent and young adult transgender women in Peru to inform roll-out of early HIV prevention efforts. Methods Between February-July 2022, a community-recruited sample of HIV-negative or status unknown young transgender women ( n = 140) in Peru completed a socio-behavioral survey and biological testing for HIV and bacterial STIs. Logistic regression models estimated the association of sociodemographic, healthcare, and behavioral factors to PrEP indication and willingness. Results Median age was 22 years (range = 16-24 years); 65.7% reported sex work and 28.6% homelessness. Overall, 45.7% had a PrEP indication based on past 6 months HIV behavioral risk profiles. In a multivariable model, sex work (aRR = 2.27; 95% CI = 1.24-4.17) and homelessness (aRR = 1.27; 95% CI = 1.00-1.60) were associated with PrEP indication. More than one-third (38.6%) had never been HIV tested; 25.3% were tested >1 year ago. Only 34.3% heard of daily oral PrEP, 8.6% reported ever PrEP use, and 5.0% current PrEP use. Nearly half (49.3%) reported willingness to take daily oral PrEP. In a multivariable model, younger age was associated with increased willingness to use PrEP (aRR = 0.92; 95% CI = 0.87-0.98). Highest ranked PrEP preferences were a daily oral pill (35.7%), implant (32.1%), and injection by a provider (10.0%). Conclusions PrEP indication and willingness were high in this sample, but HIV testing and PrEP uptake were low. Findings highlight opportunities for age-responsive and contextually-relevant interventions to increase HIV prevention among young transgender women in Peru.
Current smoking is related to severe damage in systemic lupus erythematosus patients
Authors: Cosatti MA , Muñoz SA , Tamborenea MT , García M , Curti A , Cappuccio A , Rillo O , Imamura PM , Schneeberger E , Dal Pra F , Ballent M , Cousseau ML , Velasco Zamora J , Saurit V , Toloza S , Danielsen MC , Bellomio VI , Graf C , Paira S , Cavallasca J , Pons Estel B , Cristian Moreno JL , Díaz M , Alba P , Verando M , Tate G , Mysler E , Sarano J , Civit EE , Risueño F , Álvarez Sepúlveda P , Larroude MS , Méndez MF , Conforti A , Sohn D , Helling CA , Roverano S , Malm-Green S , Medina Bornachera D , Alvarez A , Eimon A , Pendón G , Mayer M , Marin J , Pisoni CN 
Published: November 2024

Objective To assess the relationship between smoking exposure and organ damage accrual measured by Systemic Lupus International Collaborating Clinics/American College of Rheumatology Damage Index for Systemic Lupus Erythematosus score (SLICC-SDI) in consecutive patients with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) from Argentina. Methods 623 consecutive SLE patients (fulfilling ≥4, 1997 ACR criteria) were included in this cross-sectional study. Sociodemographic and disease related variables including SLICC-SDI score and smoking status were collected. Patients currently smoking were considered “smokers”, and “non-smokers” those who never smoked and former smokers. SLICC-SDI was divided into two categories: <3 and ≥3 was defined as severe damage. Results Six hundred and 23 patients were included in the analysis, 89% women. Eighty-four per cent were non-smokers and 16 % were current smokers 83 percent of patients had SLICC-SDI <3 and 17 % had SLICC-SDI ≥3. Twenty one percent of patients with SLICC-SDI ≥3 and 15% with <3 SLICC-SDI were current smokers ( p 0.081). In the multiple regression analysis, current smoking (OR 1.82, CI 95% 1.01-3.31, p 0.046), older age (OR 1.04, CI 95% 1.00-1.05, p 0.034), disease duration (OR 1.03, CI 95% 1.00-1.07, p 0.021) and cyclophosphamide exposure (OR 2.97, CI 95% 1.49-5.88, p 0.002) were related to SLICC-SDI ≥3. Conclusion In our sample of patients, current smoking, older age, disease duration and cyclophosphamide were related to severe damage (SLICC-SDI ≥3).
A new mental health initiative in the Maldives: A preliminary study of Group Therapy in Male’
Authors: Rasheed Fathimath Sofiya , Abdul Majeedh Fathimath Rishtha , Rasheed Fathmath Lubaina , Abdulla Sidra , Mahmood Razee Ali Mikhail 
Published: November 2024

Objective To explore the feasibility of Group Therapy as a therapeutic intervention for patients diagnosed with depression in the Maldives. Conclusions Observations and results of the first five cohorts in the capital, Male, demonstrate acceptance of the adapted intervention and preliminary support to its effectiveness.
Patterns of Congenital Tooth Agenesis and Crown Width in Patients with Alveolar Clefts in Guizhou, China: A Retrospective Study
Authors: Liang Shenhu , Wen Yu , Wang Fang , Shu Xin , Yang Jing , Qiu Youze , Song Qinggao 
Published: November 2024

Objective This study aimed to investigate the prevalent pattern of congenital tooth agenesis and the development of crown width in patients with alveolar clefts in Guizhou, China. Methods The imaging data and complete medical record information of 222 patients who met the criteria were studied. The rate of tooth agenesis, tooth agenesis patterns, type of cleft, gender, and crown width in patients with alveolar cleft were counted. Results Twenty-two congenital tooth agenesis patterns were statistically identified in patients with alveolar clefts by the tooth agenesis code method. The rate of congenital tooth agenesis in patients with alveolar cleft was 72.5%, and the most common missing teeth were lateral incisors. The rate of tooth agenesis was higher in bilateral alveolar cleft (87.1%) than in unilateral alveolar cleft (67.4%). No correlation was found between gender and tooth agenesis patterns, tooth agenesis rate, or number of missing teeth. Crown width in patients with alveolar clefts is less than normal. No correlation was found between the number of missing teeth and crown width. Conclusions The congenital tooth agenesis patterns and tooth agenesis rates in patients with alveolar clefts in Guizhou, China, were related to the type of cleft, independent of gender. The crown widths in patients with alveolar clefts were smaller than normal, irrespective of the number of tooth agenesis.
Machine Learning-Based Prediction of Pulmonary Embolism Prognosis Using Nutritional and Inflammatory Indices
Authors: Lian Zengzhi , Wei Xue-ni , Chai Dayang 
Published: November 2024

Purpose This study aimed to create and assess machine learning (ML) models that utilize nutritional and inflammatory indices, focusing on the advanced lung cancer inflammation index (ALI) and neutrophil-to-albumin ratio (NAR), to improve the prediction accuracy of PE prognosis. Patients and methods We conducted a retrospective analysis of 312 patients, comprising 254 survivors and 58 non-survivors. The Boruta algorithm was used to identify significant variables, and four ML models (XGBoost, Random Forest, Logistic Regression, and SVM) were employed to analyze the clinical data and assess the performance of the models. Results The XGBoost model, with optimal hyperparameters, achieved the best performance, with an accuracy of 0.882, an F1-score of 0.889, a precision of 0.917, a sensitivity of 0.863, a specificity of 0.905, and an AUC of 0.873. Analysis of feature importance indicated that the most critical predictors across models were respiratory failure, log-transformed ALI, albumin level, age, diastolic blood pressure, and NAR. Conclusion The ML-based prediction models effectively predicted the prognosis of PE, with the XGBoost model exhibiting good performance. Respiratory failure, ALI, albumin level, age, diastolic blood pressure, and NAR were correlated with PE prognosis.
Subacute onset rhino-orbital mucormycosis caused by Cunninghamella in a Chinese leukemia patient: A case report and literature review
Authors: Shen Jianqin , Chen Yanhong , Chen Ying , Cui Hongguang 
Published: November 2024

Purpose We herein report a case of subacute-onset rhino-orbital mucormycosis (ROM) in an acute leukemia patent caused by the rare but most lethal pathogenic fungus - Cunninghamella. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first case of ROM caused by Cunninghamella reported in China. Case description A 50-year-old Chinese female with acute leukemia (M2 type) who, following the completion of two cycles of chemotherapy, began to exhibit naso-ocular symptoms. The patient was initially diagnosed with extramedullary leukemia. As the disease progressed, the patient began to develop specific black crust-like necrosis of the right eyelids. Following multidisciplinary treatment (MDT) consultation and tissue biopsy, the patient was finally diagnosed with a rare type of ROM caused by Cunninghamella infection. Although the mortality associated with Cunninghamella infection was significantly greater than that associated with infections caused by other Mucorales, the infection was eventually controlled through the adjustment of the antifungal drug regimen and timely surgical intervention. Conclusions ROM infection with Cunninghamella is an extremely rare and fatal fungal infection, and early recognition and diagnosis of the disease is critical to the prognosis. The subacute nature of this case may have been a positive factor in the patient's preservation of life.
Supplementary and Premotor Cortical Activation During Manual Dexterity Involving Motor Imagery in Multiple Sclerosis: A Functional Near-Infrared Spectroscopy Study
Authors: Sadot Shaked , Dreyer-Alster Sapir , Kalron Alon 
Published: November 2024

Background Investigating brain activation during motor imagery (MI) tasks in people with multiple sclerosis (pwMS) can increase the knowledge of the neural mechanisms underlying motor dysfunction in MS and, hopefully, aid in developing improved rehabilitation strategies. Objective To investigate brain activation in the supplementary motor area and premotor cortex via functional near-infrared spectroscopy (fNIRS) during a hand manipulation task, and comparing MI with actual practice (AP) in pwMS. Methods Each subject completed a sequence of 4 consecutive manual dexterity trials wearing an fNIRS device. The tasks included the following conditions: AP dominant hand, MI dominant hand, AP non-dominant hand, and MI non-dominant hand. Results Twenty pwMS (mean Expanded Disability Status Scale = 4.75 [3.0-6.5]) and 20 healthy controls (HC) participated in the study. According to the fNIRS timeline course, a similar increase (compared with baseline) was observed in the relative oxygenated hemoglobin (HbO) concentration during the MI and AP tasks, which was immediately followed by a decrease (for either hand) in the pwMS and the HC groups. A difference in the relative HbO concentration between the HC and pwMS was detected solely when the 2 groups mentally replicated the manual dexterity task movements in the MI condition (dominant hand). The increase was higher in the HC group ( P = .030). Conclusions Despite exhibiting manual dexterity difficulties, pwMS demonstrated comparable neural activation patterns as the HCs during MI tasks in regions associated with motor planning and complex movement control, thus, suggesting that deficits in manual dexterity among pwMS may not solely originate from impairments in the motor planning processes.
The role of Alberta pharmacists working in opioid use disorder and their potential to prescribe buprenorphine-naloxone: A qualitative study
Authors: Olatunbosun Caitlin , Moharram Mostafa , Gottschalk Samantha , Biggs Catherine 
Published: November 2024

Objective: Opioid toxicity continues to have significant morbidity and mortality in Alberta. Opioid agonist therapy is an effective treatment for opiate use disorder (OUD), with first-line treatment with buprenorphine-naloxone (BUP-NAL) being both highly effective and safe. Barriers to care limit access to treatment, and more access points for treatment are needed. Pharmacists in Alberta have a wide scope of prescribing authority and high accessibility. This study describes the barriers to care and the roles of pharmacists engaged in OUD treatment, and explores the potential for pharmacists to prescribe BUP-NAL to improve access to care. Methods: Semistructured interviews were conducted with pharmacists from Alberta in January 2024. Key informants were identified using professional networks and the reverse snowball method, and continued until data saturation. Thematic analysis was conducted by 2 investigators using open coding. Results: Ten pharmacists were interviewed, and 4 major themes emerged: barriers to access OUD treatment, the current role of pharmacists in caring for patients with OUD, the future role of pharmacists as prescribers of BUP-NAL, and enabling pharmacists to prescribe. Patients experience many barriers to care, and a complex health system contributes to this. Pharmacists working with patients with OUD are highly knowledgeable and involved in assessing, managing, and monitoring therapy in a multidisciplinary capacity. Extending authority for pharmacists to prescribe BUP-NAL can improve access to care but must consider collaboration and social context. Conclusion: Pharmacists are skilled and positioned to improve access to care for patients with OUD needing BUP-NAL.
The role of intersectoral collaboration and continuous stakeholder engagement in the implementation of the BornFyne PNMS project in Cameroon
Authors: Nkangu Miriam , Obegu Pamela , Ngo Ngo Valery , Wanda Franck , Sinsai Regina , Kepgang Evrard , Kasonde Mwenya , Kibu Odette , Ndiforchu Victor , Fantaye Arone Wondwossen , Gobina Ronald M. , Fobellah Nkengfack , Yaya Sanni 
Published: November 2024

Background The process of stakeholder engagement in the implementation of a digital health platform is vital, especially in low-resourced countries like Cameroon, where the digital health ecosystem is still emerging. Stakeholder engagement can make meaningful contributions to a project allowing for increased project visibility and reach, uptake, acceptability, and sustainability. However, collaboration among stakeholders during stakeholder engagement cannot be implied. This article focuses solely on intersectoral collaboration amongst stakeholders in the implementation of the BornFyne-PNMS digital health platform in Cameroon. Method The study took on a participatory action research approach using stakeholder discussions, feedback from participants, questions, and suggestions to inform the progress and continuous implementation. This also included follow-up discussions with stakeholders from various sectors. The intersectoral meetings took into consideration a wider perspective on the implementation process and the launch of universal health coverage in Cameroon. Results A total of five stakeholder meetings were held during the implementation phase, and a total of 174 stakeholders were engaged. As a follow-up, a total of 19 letters were prepared by the Department of Family Health and addressed to strategic departments including international partners to introduce the BornFyne project. Findings are centered on six major themes that emerged from the coded data and they are as follows: (1) aligned goals and objectives; (2) enhanced health care delivery; (3) data quality and availability; (4) accessibility issues; (5) intersectoral collaboration for universal health coverage; and (6) equity aspects. Conclusion This article underscores the relevance of engaging a diverse group of stakeholders as a strength in intersectoral collaboration and partnership in implementing digital health interventions. It ensures that the views and experiences of those directly impacted by the intervention are considered, and it contributes to a more well-rounded and impactful assessment of the BornFyne-PNMS platform's role in improving RMNCAH in rural settings.