bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Genomic knockout ofalms1in zebrafish recapitulates Alström syndrome and provides insight into metabolic phenotypes
Authors: Nesmith Jessica E. , Hostelley Timothy L. , Leitch Carmen C. , Matern Maggie S. , Sethna Saumil , McFarland Rebecca , Lodh Sukanya , Westlake Christopher J. , Hertzano Ronna , Ahmed Zubair M. , Zaghloul Norann A. 
Published: October 2018

SCIENTIFIC ABSTRACTAlström syndrome is an autosomal recessive obesity ciliopathy caused by loss-of-function mutations in theALMS1gene. In addition to multi-organ dysfunction, such as cardiomyopathy, retinal degeneration, and renal dysfunction, the disorder is characterized by high rates of obesity, insulin resistance and early onset type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). To investigate mechanisms linking disease phenotypes we generated a loss-of-function deletion of alms1in the zebrafish using CRISPR/Cas9. We demonstrate conserved phenotypic effects including cardiac defects, retinal degeneration, and metabolic deficits that included propensity for obesity and fatty livers in addition to hyperinsulinemia and glucose response defects. Gene expression changes in β-cells isolated fromalms1−/−mutants revealed changes consistent with insulin hyper-secretion and glucose sensing failure, which were also identified in cultured murine β-cells lackingAlms1. These data present a zebrafish model to assess etiology and new secretory pathway defects underlying Alström syndrome-associated metabolic phenotypes. Given the hyperinsulinemia and reduced glucose sensitivity in these animals we also propose thealms1loss-of-function mutant as a monogenic model for studying T2DM phenotypes.AUTHOR SUMMARYThese data comprise a thorough characterization of a zebrafish model of Alström syndrome, a human obesity syndrome caused by loss-of-function deletions in a single gene,ALMS1. The high rates of obesity and insulin resistance found in these patients suggest this disorder as a single-gene model for Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus (T2DM), a disorder caused by a variety of environmental and genetic factors in the general population. We identify a propensity for obesity, excess lipid storage, loss of β-cells in islets, and hyperinsulinemia in larval and adult stages of zebrafishalms1mutants. We isolated β-cells from thealms1mutants and compared the gene expression profiles from RNASeq datasets to identify molecular pathways that may contribute to the loss of β-cells and hyperinsulinemia. The increase in genes implicated in generalized pancreatic secretion, insulin secretion, and glucose transport suggest potential β-cell exhaustion as a source of β-cell loss and excess larval insulin. We propose this mutant as a new genetic tool for understanding the metabolic failures found in Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus.
Remapping in cerebral and cerebellar cortices is not restricted by somatotopy
Authors: Hahamy Avital , Makin Tamar R. 
Published: October 2018

AbstractA fundamental organizing principle in the somatosensory and motor systems is somatotopy, where specific body parts are represented separately and adjacently to other body parts, resulting in a body map. Different terminals of the sensorimotor network show varied somatotopic layouts, in which the relative position, distance and overlap between body-part representations differ. Since somatotopy is best characterized in the primary somatosensory (S1) and motor (M1) cortices, these terminals have been the main focus of research on somatotopic remapping following loss of sensory input (e.g. arm amputation). Cortical remapping is generally considered to be driven by the layout of the underlying somatotopy, such that neighboring body-part representations tend to activate the deprived brain region. Here, we challenge the assumption that somatotopic layout restricts remapping, by comparing patterns of remapping in humans born without one hand (hereafter, one-handers, n=26) across multiple terminals of the sensorimotor pathway. We first report that in the cerebellum of one-handers, the deprived hand region represents multiple body parts. Importantly, the representations of some of these body parts do not neighbor the deprived hand region. We further replicate our previous finding, showing a similar pattern of remapping in the deprived hand region of the cerebral cortex in one-handers. Finally, we report preliminary results of a similar remapping pattern in the putamen of one-handers. Since these three sensorimotor terminals (cerebellum, cerebrum, putamen) contain different somatotopic layouts, the parallel remapping they undergo demonstrates that the mere spatial layout of body-part representations may not exclusively dictate remapping in the sensorimotor systems.Significance StatementWhen a hand is missing, the brain region that typically processes information from that hand may instead process information from other body-parts, a phenomenon termed remapping. It is commonly thought that only body-parts whose information is processed in regions neighboring the hand region could “take up” the resources of this now deprived region. Here we demonstrate that information from multiple body-parts is processed in the hand regions of both the cerebral cortex and cerebellum. The native brain regions of these body-parts have varying levels of overlap with the hand region across multiple terminals in the sensorimotor hierarchy, and do not necessarily neighbor the hand region. We therefore propose that proximity between brain regions does not limit brain remapping.
A self-organized reciprocal control method for multi-robot simultaneous coverage and tracking
Authors: Chen Runfeng , Li Jie , Shen Lincheng 
Published: October 2018

Purpose
Multi-robots simultaneously coverage and tracking (SCAT) is the problem of simultaneously covering area and tracking targets, which is essential for many applications, such as delivery service, environment monitor, traffic surveillance, crime monitor, anti-terrorist mission and so on. The purpose of this paper is to improve the performance of detected target quantity, coverage rate and less deadweight loss by designing a self-organized method for multi-robots SCAT.

Design/methodology/approach
A self-organized reciprocal control method is proposed, coupling task assignment, tracking and covering, equipped with collision-avoiding ability naturally. First, SCAT problem is directly modeled as optimal reciprocal coverage velocity (ORCV) in velocity space. Second, the preferred velocity is generated by calculating the best velocity to the center of some robot detected targets. ORCV is given by adjusting the velocity relative to neighbor robots’ toward in optimal coverage velocity (OCV); it is proven that OCV is collision-free assembly. Third, some corresponding algorithms are designed for finding optimal velocity under two situations, such as no detected targets and empty ORCV.

Findings
The simulation results of two cases for security robots show that the proposed method has detected more targets with less deadweight loss and decision time and no collisions anytime.

Originality/value
In this paper, a self-organized reciprocal control method is proposed for multi-robots SCAT problem, which is modeled in velocity space directly, different to the traditional method modeling in configuration space. What is more, this method considers the reciprocal of robots that contributes to the better accomplishment of SCAT cooperatively.
Electromagnetic fields and thrust-ripples calculation for segmented-secondary linear flux-switching motors
Authors: Hosseini Monir Sadat , Javadi Hamid , Vaez-Zadeh Sadegh 
Published: October 2018

Purpose
This paper aims to investigate analytical electromagnetic fields and thrust ripples representation of linear flux-switching motors with simple modulated secondary referred as segmented secondary linear flux-switching motor (SSLFSM).

Design/methodology/approach
SSLFSMs are applicable to transportation systems like Maglev due to their simple and consequently low-cost secondary structures and high force density. However, they have high thrust ripples that deteriorate a smooth motion in rail transportation systems. Therefore, derivation of accurate analytical models for thrust ripples minimization of the motor is essential, which is absent in the literature. In this paper, a two-dimensional analytical model is developed for this motor. The model is based on transfer relations and Fourier theory used for solving a two-dimensional boundary value problem. Certain model regions are determined by considering actual machine structure and observing specific rules. Analytical solution of Maxwell and Poison equations are then obtained in the regions.

Finding
Using the presented modeling method, the airgap electromagnetic field distribution and developed thrust of the motor are calculated for different positions of the motor as well as its thrust ripples. They are verified by the results obtained from finite element method. Also, the analytical results are compared with the presented experimental results.

Originality/value
This paper has analytically presented the airgap electromagnetic field distribution, thrust and thrust ripples of the SSLFSMs. This modeling is essential in thrust ripples minimization of the motor.
Making organizational change happen – Does what we now know from neuroscience have any impact?
Authors: Luffman Gary 
Published: October 2018

Purpose
The purpose of this paper is to highlight how developments in neuroscience can positively impact the likelihood of successfully implementing change in organizations.

Design/methodology/approach
Based on the author’s experience of working with organizations over the past 10 years.

Findings
Change must be regarded as a cognitive process rather than a program, project, or training event.

Originality/value
Based on developments in the field of neuroscience, the author provides a recipe for those involved in bringing about organizational change.
The benefits of coaching the coach
Authors: Smith David 
Published: October 2018

Purpose
This paper aims to review the latest management developments across the globe and pinpoint practical implications from cutting-edge research and case studies.

Design/methodology/approach
This briefing is prepared by an independent writer who adds their own impartial comments and places the articles in context.

Findings
A study of the training programs offered to managers who coach employees has revealed how organizations could offer them far more support to develop their skills. The findings of the research indicated that although 58.7 per cent of the managers interviewed had received some support from their organizations, it was often short-lived, and less than a quarter (22.9 per cent) felt they did not need any further support. There was strong demand for longer, more in-depth training that took place on an ongoing basis. Some managers (about 5 per cent) even suggested they wanted formal qualifications in how to coach the staff.

Originality/value
The briefing saves busy executives and researchers hours of reading time by selecting only the very best, most pertinent information and presenting it in a condensed and easy-to-digest format.
Hoping for the best, preparing for the worst
Authors: Coleman Peter T. , Kugler Katharina G. , Vallacher Robin , Kim Regina 
Published: October 2018

PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to propose that a moreoptimal regulatory focusin conflict reflects amix of promotion and preventionconsiderations because conflict often elicits needs for promoting well-being as well as needs for preventing threats to security and interests. Two studies using distinct methodologies tested the hypothesis that social conflict is associated with better outcomes when the parties construe the conflict with a regulatory focus that reflects a combination of both promotion and prevention orientations.Design/methodology/approachStudy 1 was an experiment that framed the same low-intensity conflict scenario as either prevention- or promotion-focused, or as both. In Study 2, we mouse-coded stream-of-thought accounts of participants’ actual ongoing high-intensity conflicts for time spent in both promotion and prevention focus.FindingsIn Study 1, the combined framing resulted in greater satisfaction with expected conflict outcomes and goal attainment than did either prevention or promotion framing alone. However, a promotion frame alone was associated with greater process and relationship satisfaction. These results were replicated in Study 2.Originality/valuePrior research on regulatory focus has emphasized the benefits of a promotion focus over prevention when managing conflict. The present research offers new insight into how these seemingly opposing motives can operate in tandem to increase conflict satisfaction. Thus, this research illustrates the value of moving beyond dichotomized motivational distinctions in conflict research, to understand the dynamic interplay of how these distinctions may be navigated in concert for more effective conflict engagement. It also illustrates the value of mouse-coding methods for capturing the dynamic interplay of motives as they rise and fall in salience over time.
The efficacy of contractual governance on task and relationship conflict in inter-organisational transactions
Authors: You Jingya , Chen Yongqiang , Hua Yuanyuan , Wang Wenqian 
Published: October 2018

PurposeThis paper aims to explain how contractual complexity, including contractual control, coordination and adaptation, makes a difference to the task and relationship conflict, and then, to investigate the moderating roles played by both, total interdependence and interdependence asymmetry, in altering the association between the two types of conflicts.Design/methodology/approachThis study obtained data through a questionnaire survey in the Chinese construction industry and the final sample consisted of 232 responses. The data were analysed using hierarchy analysis using SPSS.FindingsThe results are as follows: first, higher contractual control and coordination reduce the level of relationship conflicts, and higher contractual coordination also reduces the level of task conflicts; second, task conflict positively affects relationship conflict; third, task conflict mediates the relationship between contractual coordination and relationship conflict; and finally, when total interdependence is higher, task conflict induces more relationship conflict. On the contrary, high interdependence asymmetry weakens the positive relationship between task and relationship conflicts.Practical implicationsThis study highlights the importance of contracts in conflict management. The findings can guide practitioners in drafting suitable contracts to deal with task and relationship conflicts more effectively.Originality/valueThis study differentiates the effects of distinct components of contracts on task and relationship conflicts, and then reveals the contingent effects of interdependence on the relationship between task and relationship conflicts in inter-organisational transactions.
Measurements of workplace productivity in the office context
Authors: Bortoluzzi Brandon , Carey Daniel , McArthur J.J. , Menassa Carol 
Published: October 2018

PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to present a comprehensive survey of workplace productivity key performance indicators (KPIs) used in the office context. Academic literature from the past 10 years has been systematically reviewed and contextualized through a series of expert interviews.Design/methodology/approachThe authors present a systematic review of the literature to identify KPIs and methods of workplace productivity measurement, complemented by insights semi-structured interviews to inform a framework for a benchmarking tool. In total, 513 papers published since 2007 were considered, of which 98 full-length papers were reviewed, and 20 were found to provide significant insight and are summarized herein.FindingsCurrently, no consensus exists on a single KPI suitable for measuring workplace productivity in an office environment, although qualitative questionnaires are more widely adopted than quantitative tools. The diversity of KPIs used in published studies indicates that a multidimensional approach would be the most appropriate for knowledge-worker productivity measurement. Expert interviews further highlighted a shift from infrequent, detailed evaluation to frequent, simplified reporting across human resource functions and this context is important for future tool development.Originality/valueThis paper provides a summary of significant work on workplace productivity measurement and KPI development over the past 10 years. This follows up on the comprehensive review by B. Haynes (2007a), providing an updated perspective on research in this field with additional insights from expert interviews.
The dual influences of proximity on knowledge sharing
Authors: Holdt Christensen Peter , Pedersen Torben 
Published: October 2018

PurposeThe authors focus on how intra-organizational proximity influences the frequency of knowledge transfer in dyads, and the authors seek to balance the over-socialized and under-socialized perspectives of knowledge sharing by focusing on how proximity both indirectly (mediated by social relationships) and directly influences the frequency of knowledge sharing. Empirically, the authors analyze how proximity in a five-story building directly and indirectly influences the frequency of knowledge sharing.Design/methodology/approachAs the authors were interested in exploring the frequency of knowledge sharing among individuals in knowledge sharing dyads, they used a survey to approach individuals directly and obtain information on the frequency of their knowledge sharing. The authors have complete data on 796 dyads on which they tested their hypotheses. Further, the physical distance in a dyad was measured as the walking distance (measured in meters) between individuals.FindingsThe authors first find that proximity positively affects the frequency of knowledge sharing indirectly through its promotion of social relationships. Second, it is noticeable that the direct relationship between proximity and knowledge sharing is stronger than the indirect via the promotion of social relationships. In sum, the authors’ results contribute to the knowledge sharing literature by emphasizing and clarifying how proximity both directly and indirectly influences knowledge sharing.Research limitations/implicationsThis study has some limitations. First, this study only measured the frequency of knowledge sharing among individuals. Neither individual nor organizational outcomes of knowledge sharing were considered. Second, the authors did not distinguish between different channels for knowledge sharing, such as face-to-face or face-to-interface.Practical implicationsOne practical implication is that knowledge sharing spanning, for instance, 50 m compared to knowledge sharing spanning 30 m may not necessarily require more resources, as the negative effect of 30 and 50 m distances is almost similar, as the negative effect of distance starts to fade out at 30 m. Another practical implication for the direct effect of proximity on knowledge sharing is that to foster knowledge sharing organizational practices need to create opportunities for employees to span both horizontal and vertical distances.Originality/valueThe authors’ results contribute to the knowledge sharing literature by empirically emphasizing and clarifying how intra-organizational proximity both directly and indirectly influences knowledge sharing.
Evidence of the effects of psychological capital on the transfer of knowledge from accounting students to business organizations
Authors: Pletsch Caroline Sulzbach , Zonatto Vinicius Costa da Silva 
Published: October 2018

Purpose
This study aims to analyze the effects of psychological capital on the transfer of knowledge from accounting students to business organizations. A descriptive study was carried out, with 210 students from the Accounting Sciences course of two universities of the Itajaí Valley, Santa Catarina, and a quantitative data approach.

Design/methodology/approach
To compose the sample, the academics who were attending from the third semester of the course and working in business organizations were exclusively selected. Data collection was carried out by means of a questionnaire. and the analysis was conducted with the aid of modeling of structural equations. Ten hypotheses were established to investigate the theoretical relations object of analysis and to reach the objective of the study, of which only three were refuted.

Findings
The results showed an indirect relation between psychological capital and knowledge transfer, mediated by the acquired knowledge and the absorptive capacity of the students. It has been found that accounting academics transfer knowledge to the business organizations in which they work, which indicates that their experiences, skills and knowledge gained from the studies, are put into practice in their workplace. This transfer of knowledge depends on the knowledge acquired, the students’ absorptive capacity and, indirectly, on their psychological capital. In general, it was verified that motivational factors can contribute to the transfer of knowledge.

Originality/value
In general, it was verified that motivational factors can contribute to the transfer of knowledge, however, unlike that found in other studies developed on the subject, these are not direct determinants to the transfer of knowledge, being elements predictors for it to occur learning through its acquisition, which will influence this transfer. Thus, in the sample investigated, the evidences found revealed that the motivation for learning indirectly influences the transfer of knowledge, through the acquired knowledge.
Assessing the relationship between market orientation and business performance in the hotel industry – the mediating role of service quality
Authors: Sampaio Carlos A.F. , Hernández-Mogollón José M. , Rodrigues Ricardo G. 
Published: October 2018

Purpose
This study aims to explore the nature of the relationship between market orientation and business performance in the Portuguese hotel industry and to evaluate the mediating role of service quality in this relationship.

Design/methodology/approach
A literature analysis on market orientation, service quality and hotel business performance was conducted. The structural model was developed, and the measurement scales’ items were generated. Working data were obtained by sending a survey to Portuguese hotel managers. A purification process was conducted, and the convergent and discriminant validity, as well the reliability, of the measurement models were assessed. The structural model was tested by conducting a path analysis, as well by evaluating the coefficient of determination (R2) and the predictive relevance indicator (Q2).

Findings
Research results show that market orientation has a positive direct effect on business performance. Moreover, results indicate that market orientation effects on business performance are mediated throughout the hotels’ ability to provide service quality.

Originality/value
Despite the large amount of research on market orientation, research on the hospitality sector has been conducted mainly using tools developed for the manufacturing and consumer goods sectors. On the other hand, little has been done to explore the nature of the mediating effect of service quality on the relationship between market orientation and business performance in the hotel industry. Moreover, despite the contribution of the tourism industry to the Portuguese gross domestic product, research on the hotel industry is scarce.