bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The impact of long‐haul travel and 13 h time change on sleep and rest activity circadian rhythm in speed skaters during World Cup competitions
Authors: Varesco Giorgio , Yao Chun William , Dubé Evelyne , Simonelli Guido , Bieuzen François 
Published: November 2024

AbstractAthletes frequently compete only a few days after long‐haul travel. Longitudinal real‐world data on athletes’ sleep and sleep–wake cycle in competitive settings remain scarce. This study assessed the impact of a long‐haul travel across ∼13 time zones on sleep patterns, rest–activity circadian rhythms (RAR), and their subsequent effects on neuromuscular function and race performance in the Canadian Short‐Track Speed Skating Team. Nineteen athletes (24 ± 4 years, 11 women) travelled from Montréal (UTC‐5) to Asia (UTC+8, UTC+9) for World Cup races between 2017 and 2019. Actigraphy data were collected before (Baseline) and during travel, during the stay in Asia (SIA), and during competition days. RAR were computed using cosinor analyses on accelerometry data with 24 h phase periods. Countermovement jump height (CMJ) was measured in a subsample (n = 10). Compared to baseline (7:08 ± 0:53), athletes obtained less sleep during travel (6:16 ± 1:27) and competition days (6:35 ± 1:10), and more during SIA (7:32 ± 0:46; time effect P < 0.0001). Sleep efficiency and CMJ were greater in SIA than baseline (P = 0.007 and P = 0.0004, respectively). During SIA, sleep time increased by 9 min per night until the fifth day (P < 0.0001), with a slight decrease in sleep efficiency (P = 0.005) and an increase in CMJ (P < 0.0001). For RAR, mean activity peaked on day 2, shifting from late evening to ∼15:00. Race performance was not different from other races of the same season (P > 0.254). Our results demonstrated that, despite the possible sleep debt from the long‐haul travel, athletes recovered within 5 days, highlighting their adaptability to manage sleep debt and jetlag without impacting competitive outcomes.
Post‐stroke fatigue – a multidimensional problem or a cluster of disorders? A case for phenotyping post‐stroke fatigue
Authors: Kuppuswamy Annapoorna 
Published: November 2024

AbstractPost‐stroke fatigue is a chronic problem with significant impact on morbidity and mortality, which urgently needs effective treatments. The last decade has seen a considerable increase in interest in understanding the pathophysiology of fatigue and developing treatments. In this review, following a summary of theoretical frameworks to understand chronic fatigue, I make a case for why phenotyping fatigue is a necessary step to fully understand pathophysiology, which in turn is essential for the development of robust treatments. I then appraise current post‐stroke fatigue literature with the view of identifying post‐stroke fatigue phenotypes.
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A Fast Chebyshev Collocation Method for Stability Analysis of a Robotic Machining System With Time Delay
Authors: Li Chenglin , Luo Qingpeng , Meng Guang , Liu Xianbo 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
In the machining process that material removal involves, the time-delay effect due to the regenerative cutting is the root cause of tool chatter, which is a severe nonlinear vibration that leads to system failures. The Chebyshev collocation method (CCM) can be applied to the stability analysis of the delay-affected machining systems. However, when the degree-of-freedom (DOF) of the system is high, the computational efficiency of the Chebyshev collocation method is far lower than the commonly used semidiscretization and full-discretization methods (FDMs). In this article, a robotic milling model allowing an arbitrarily high degree-of-freedom is proposed as a benchmark to evaluate the computation performance for different stability analysis algorithms. An improved algorithm named the “fast Chebyshev collocation method” (FCCM) is proposed to handle the delay differential equation (DDE) with a high degree-of-freedom. The proposed fast Chebyshev collocation method accelerates the traditional Chebyshev collocation method in two approaches: one is the inversion of the matrix when constructing the transition matrix, and the other is the reduction of the dimension of the transition matrix by applying the Sherman–Morrision–Woodbury formula. Subsequently, both the full-discretization method and the proposed method are applied to the robotic milling system to show their convergence rate, computation efficiency, and accuracy. The results demonstrate that the proposed method is overall advantageous to the full-discretization methods in convergence, efficiency, and accuracy even when the degree-of-freedom is sufficiently high, implying that the proposed fast Chebyshev collocation method can be a potential alternative tool to deal with the stability analysis for time-delay systems.
Blade Excitation Alleviation of a Nozzleless Radial Turbine by Casing Treatment Based on Reduced-Order Model
Authors: Yang Mingyang , Lu Zhaokai , Sato Wataru , Kuwata Teppei 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
High cycle fatigue (HCF) is the most common form of blade failure in nozzleless radial turbines. Current studies relating to blade vibration reduction focus on redesign of blade and volute geometries. These methods have the drawbacks of time-consuming, performance sacrifice and lack of generalizability. This paper investigates a novel flow control method for blade vibration reduction without sacrificing the aerodynamic performance based on a reduced-order model. First, the mechanism of the blade excitation is studied by the numerical method validated by experimental measurement. It is confirmed that the blade excitation is triggered by different mechanism between low- and high-pressure ratios. An equivalent excitation pressure is proposed to quantitatively evaluate vibration behaviors of the turbine blade. Based on the mechanism, a reduced-order model is developed to predict the equivalent excitation pressure at high pressure ratio when the excitation is triggered mainly be the disturbance of potential flow field. The method of casing treatment is proposed inspired by the reduced-order model and then optimized to attenuate the blade vibration. The experiment is carried out for the validation of the method and results show that the displacement of the vibration is reduce by 48% by this new method.
A Numerical Study for Nonlinear Time-Space Fractional Reaction-Diffusion Model of Fourth-Order
Authors: Sharma Rashmi , Rajeev  
Published: November 2024

Abstract
In this article, we discuss the fractional temporal-spatial reaction-diffusion model with Neumann boundary conditions in one- and two-dimensional cases. The problem is solved by using a novel approach that depends on the approximation of a variable-order (VO) Caputo fractional derivative in the form of an operational matrix based on the shifted Vieta-Fibonacci (SVF) and collocation procedures. In this proposed scheme, first, the shifted Vieta-Fibonacci and operational matrix are used to approximate the dependent variable and Caputo derivatives of variable order, respectively, to construct the residual connected with the proposed problem. After that, the residual is collocated at some points of the domain, which produces a system of algebraic equations, and this system is solved by an appropriate numerical technique. The convergence and error analysis of the scheme are also analyzed. In this article, we also analyze the order of convergence for the solution of the considered problem. For validation purposes, the proposed scheme is applied to some particular cases of the proposed model, and the comparisons are made with the exact solution. It is found that the scheme is sufficiently accurate, and the accuracy enhances as the degree of approximating polynomials improves.
Dark matter scattering off $$ ^{4}$$He in chiral effective field theory
Authors: Vries J. de , Körber C. , Nogga A. , Shain S. 
Published: November 2024

AbstractWe study dark matter scattering off $$ ^4$$

4

He and other light nuclei using chiral effective field theory. We consider scalar DM interactions and include both one- and two-nucleon scattering processes. The DM interactions and nuclear wave functions are obtained from chiral effective field theory and we work up to fourth order in the chiral expansion for the latter to investigate the chiral convergence. The results for the scattering rates can be used to determine the sensitivity of planned experiments to detect relatively light dark matter particles using $$ ^4$$

4

He. We find that next-to-leading-order scalar currents are smaller than expected from power counting for scattering off $$ ^4$$

4

He confirming earlier work. However, the results for two-nucleon corrections exhibit a linear regulator dependence indicating potential problems in the applied power counting. We observe a linear correlation between the, in principle not observable, D-wave probability of various light nuclei and the scalar two-nucleon matrix elements, again pointing towards potentially missing contributions.
DP-Poison: Poisoning Federated Learning under the Cover of Differential Privacy
Authors: Zheng Haibin , Chen Jinyin , Liu Tao , Cheng Yao , Wang Zhao , Wang Yun , Gao Lan , Ji Shouling , Zhang Xuhong 
Published: November 2024

Federated learning (FL) enables resource-constrained node devices to learn a shared model while keeping the training data local. Since recent research has demonstrated multiple privacy leakage attacks in FL, e.g., gradient inference attacks and membership inference attacks, differential privacy (DP) is applied to serve as one of the most effective privacy protection mechanisms. Despite the benefit DP brings, we observe that the introduction of DP also brings random changes to client updates, which will affect the robust aggregation algorithms. We reveal a novel poisoning attack under the cover of DP, named the
DP-Poison
attack in FL. Specifically, the DP-Poison attack is designed to achieve four goals: (1) maintaining the main task performance; (2) launching a successful attack; (3) escaping the robust aggregation algorithms in FL; and (4) keeping the effectiveness of DP privacy protection. To achieve these goals, we design multiple optimization goals to generate DP noise through a genetic algorithm. The optimization ensures that while the benign updates change randomly, the malicious updates can change toward the global model after adding the DP noise, so that it is easier to be accepted by the robust aggregation algorithms. Extensive experiments show that DP-Poison achieves a nearly 100% attack success rate while maintaining the proposed four goals.
Towards Better Comprehension of Breaking Changes in the NPM Ecosystem
Authors: Kong Dezhen , Liu Jiakun , Bao Lingfeng , Lo David 
Published: November 2024

Code evolution is prevalent in software ecosystems, which can provide many benefits, such as new features, bug fixes, security patches, etc., while still introducing breaking changes that make downstream projects fail to work. Breaking changes cause a lot of effort to both downstream and upstream developers: downstream developers need to adapt to breaking changes and upstream developers are responsible for identifying and documenting them. In the NPM ecosystem, characterized by frequent code changes and a high tolerance for making breaking changes, the effort is larger.
For better comprehension of breaking changes in the NPM ecosystem and to enhance breaking change detection tools, we conduct a large-scale empirical study to investigate breaking changes in the NPM ecosystem. We construct a dataset of explicitly documented breaking changes from 381 popular NPM projects. We find that 95.4% of the detected breaking changes can be covered by developers’ documentation, and 19% of the breaking changes cannot be detected by regression testing. Then in the process of investigating source code of our collected breaking changes, we yield a taxonomy of JavaScript and TypeScript-specific syntactic breaking changes and a taxonomy of major types of behavioral breaking changes. Additionally, we investigate the reasons why developers make breaking changes in NPM and find three major reasons, i.e., to reduce code redundancy, to improve identifier names, and to improve API design, and each category contains several sub-items.
We provide actionable implications for future research, e.g., automatic naming and renaming techniques should be applied in JavaScript projects to improve identifier names, future research can try to detect more types of behavioral breaking changes. By presenting the implications, we also discuss the weakness of automatic renaming and breaking change detection approaches, such as the lack of support for public identifiers and various types of breaking changes.
High Prevalence of Pfhrp2/3 Gene Deletions and Major Threat to Malaria Control Programs in Ethiopia
Authors: Getie Sisay , Mekonnen Gebeyaw Getnet , Meda Aline Lamien , Birhanie Meseret , Abere Aberham , Noedl Harald 
Published: November 2024

Background: Rapid diagnostic tests (RDTs) targeting pfhistidine‐rich protein 2 (Pfhrp2) are widely used for diagnosis of Plasmodium falciparum infections in resource‐limited malaria endemic countries. However, test results are affected by deletions of the Pfhrp2, Pfhrp3, and flanking genes and associated negative results from rapid diagnostic devices were previously reported. Therefore, the aim of this study was to reveal the existing genetic profile of Pfhrp2 and Pfhrp3 genes of P. falciparum‐infected patients in northwestern Ethiopia.Methods: A total number of 302 blood samples were collected from children at Chilga (Aykel, Negade Bahir), and Sanja health centers in northwestern Ethiopia. Thirty‐three (10.9%) samples tested positive for P. falciparum malaria. The Pfhrp2, Pfhrp3, and flanking genes (MAL7P1_228 and MAL7P1_230 for Pfhrp2, and MAL13P1_475 and MAL13P1_485 for Pfhrp3) were amplified using standard nested‐PCR.Results: Pfhrp2 and both of its flanking genes were found to be present in 12 (36.4%) out of the 33 samples. Twenty‐one (63.6%) samples tested negative for the Pfhrp2 gene and 19 samples (57.6%) tested positive for at least one of the flanking genes. Five (15.2%) samples gave positive results for the Pfhrp3 gene and both of its flanking genes, whereas 16 (48.5%) tested negative for all three.Conclusions: Our study provides widespread deletions in the Pfhrp2 and Pfhrp3 genes in Ethiopia, thereby confirming anecdotal reports of diagnostic failure with Pfhrp2‐based RDTs in the region. The implications of our finding for the current diagnostic paradigm, which relies on the detection of P. falciparum by Pfhrp2‐based RDTs in remote areas, may need rethinking.
São Luiz do Paraitinga: o rio e os cenários pós-enchentes
Authors: Allucci Renata Rendelucci , Schicchi Maria Cristina da Silva 
Published: November 2024

The city of São Luiz do Paraitinga has had a unique trajectory in relation to the context of cities in the Paraíba Valley region, in São Paulo, Brazil. Since the foundation of its settlement and the planning of its layout in the 18th century by Morgado de Mateus, the town has remained on the fringes of regional development, playing a less important role in the coffeeproduction circuit, which has allowed certain local traditions to remain, such as the caipira culture, the rural way of life and the religious festivities that are still local attractions today. In 2010, an unprecedented floodswept through its historic center. Buildings made of wattle and daub were unable to withstand the water and collapsed, with partial and total damage remaining. The reconstruction of the city, as well as the landmarks listed at state and federal level, represent a unique case among similar Brazilian cases, which justified a more in-depth study. The 1982 Conselho de Defesa do Patrimônio Histórico, Arqueológico, Artístico e Turístico do Estado and 2010 Instituto do Patrimônio Histórico e Artístico Nacional registrations reiterated the importance of the city center, its architectural ensemble and its landscape, as it was one of the first planned foundations. However, the social, cultural and economic contrasts between the Historic Center and other neighborhoods in the city raise the question of the effectiveness of landmarks and their management as a Historic and Landscape Heritage. In 2022, the cycle restarted and a flood again caused damage to at least 120 buildings. Faced with this fact, the question arises of how to preserve a landscape that is permanently at risk.
Participation and Collective Harm
Authors: van Oeveren Rutger , Wieland Jan Willem 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
Many global problems nowadays are collective action problems. It is only because many people act in some way that certain problems arise (e.g., climate harms). But when can one be said to participate in such groups in the first place? As Derek Parfit asked, “When we appeal to what groups together do, whom should we count as members of these groups?” As Julia Nefsky has shown, this problem has proven to be notoriously tricky, and without any adequate solution. We present a solution. The proposed account not only overcomes a number of problems for participation-based views, according to which it is morally problematic to participate in such groups at all, but also helps make precise a prominent alternative view, according to which one should help bring about better outcomes.
The Force Intervention Brigade in the drc, Civilian Security and Women Peace and Security
Authors: Heathcote Gina , Kula Lucia 
Published: November 2024

Abstract
This article examines the UN Security Council (unsc) authorised Force Intervention Brigade (fib) in the Democratic Republic of the Congo (drc) and the component of the mandate that articulates civilian security as a rationale for justified force. In examining civilian protection (articulated as both civilian security and as the protection of civilians), we explore the parallels between the women, peace and security agenda and the image – versus the reality – of civilian vulnerability in the drc. In focusing on the narratives of civilian security we explore how the ten years of repeat authorisations for the fib replicate heteronormative and colonial tropes that have ultimately undermined security in the drc and, for international lawyers, undermine peacekeeping principles, authorisations of force, and understandings of consent. The contradictions between the Security Council’s commitments to addressing and preventing conflict-related sexual violence and the mobilisation of the fib are drawn on to demonstrate the ways in which gender simultaneously strengthens the Council’s legitimacy and yet produces few spaces of significant change from a feminist perspective. We conclude that not only is the legacy of the fib detrimental to women’s security in the drc given reports of sexual exploitation and abuse (sea) perpetrated by peacekeepers but that the fib has transformed peacekeeping away from peace, embedding militarised responses to a complex humanitarian crisis.
Neighbourhood First? Status Quo of India’s Trade with the Neighbours
Authors: Saikia Munmi , Hoque Deluwar 
Published: November 2024

Driven by the objective to create a congenial relationship with the neighbours, the Narendra Modi Government of India instituted the ‘ Neighbourhood First’ policy (NFP) in 2014 which is a continuation of the neighbourhood policy with some new features. Sadly, despite India’s diligent effort expended to enhance its relationship with its neighbours, all exercises were nugatory. It poses the question of how India can effectively pursue the objectives of its foreign policies. The realisation of the NFP’s intended goals remains ambiguous. Consequently, it becomes imperative to assess the impact of Modi’s NFP at this opportune moment. Bilateral trade serves as an essential indicator, reflecting the state of relationships between nations. Thus, this study raises two key questions: first, whether the neighbourhood factor influences India’s exports, and second, how the NFP affects India’s trade with neighbouring countries. The study aims to quantify the impact of the neighbourhood on India’s exports and evaluate the NFP’s role in facilitating trade within the region. The findings reveal that the neighbourhood, as a collective entity, significantly influences India’s exports to neighbouring countries. However, when considering individual countries, the results present a different perspective. Moreover, the study demonstrates that, despite the NFP’s original intention to promote friendly relations with its neighbours, it has not been notably successful. The failure of this policy, along with India’s deteriorating relationships with its neighbors, is evident in its export patterns. JEL Codes: F13, F14
Ethical climate and turnover intention among nurses: A scoping review
Authors: Ammari Nada , Gantare Abdellah 
Published: November 2024

Introduction Nursing shortages and turnover pose significant challenges for health organizations worldwide, driven by various organizational and individual factors. Ethical climate has emerged as a critical aspect influencing nurses' well-being and retention within healthcare settings, reflecting organizational practices with moral implications. Understanding the relationship between ethical climate and turnover intention among nurses is paramount for practitioners, managers, and policymakers. Aim This review aimed to examine evidence and synthesize findings from prior studies on the association between ethical climate and turnover intention among nurses and identify key variables influencing its dynamics. Methods A scoping review methodology was employed, encompassing studies retrieved up to February 2024 from major scientific databases, including PUBMED/MEDLINE, WEB OF SCIENCE, SCOPUS, and SCIENCE DIRECT. This study was conducted following ethical considerations and sound scientific guidelines. Results Sixteen articles meeting the inclusion criteria were identified. Overall, a significant association between ethical climate and turnover intention was observed, with theoretical underpinnings demonstrated. Key variables frequently linked to both ethical climate and turnover intention included organizational commitment, job satisfaction, and moral distress, while organizational commitment, organizational cynicism, and organizational trust emerged as mediators. Conclusion Despite demonstrating a clear association, results underscore the necessity for replication studies, qualitative and longitudinal approaches, and standardized measurement. Enhancing the ethical climate through regular assessments, education, and interprofessional collaboration can improve retention. Future research should focus on theory building, ethical management and leadership, associated factors analysis, and intervention studies to develop comprehensive models and effective strategies for improving the ethical climate and reducing nurse turnover.